bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feel Good Factor
Authors: Heeps Graham
Published: January 2023

Meet Dave Coleman, vehicle dynamics manager for Mazda R&D North America, who discusses the importance of steering feel to all drivers, the importance of Mazda developing its own steering systems, and the benefits of having the Californian road network at your disposal
Hyper Drive
Authors: Thomas Craig
Published: January 2023

As we await the final production version of the Lotus Evija all-electric hypercar, Craig Thomas gained the dynamics learnings from Gavan Kershaw, the engineer responsible for developing its ride and handling
A Robot Revolution
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

The traditional warehouse environment is changing, replaced by a high-tech connected environment that rivals the most state-of-the-art shopfloor. But does this drive to automation risk neglecting the human workers?
Bucking the Trend
Authors: Dickinson Mike
Published: January 2023

As one of only a few sectors to have gone against the grain in terms of production decline, the automotive industry has a few secrets to its success
Joining the Scrum
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

Popular in software development, the ‘Scrum’ method of agile projectmanagement can translate to a manufacturing environment, as discovered to great effect by Oxfordshire manufacturer, Crowcon Detection Instruments
Into the Unknown
Authors:   CONTRIBUTOR SSG INSIGHT
Published: January 2023

Stepping into the world of Industry 4.0 can be daunting, but, as SSG Insight explains, the disruption is vital to moving forwards
A Growing Crisis
Authors: Lea Stuart
Published: January 2023

As energy prices hit record highs, manufacturers should be planning now for future challenges
Pop Culture
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

This issue of Manufacturing Management may be our sustainability special, but at AG Barr’s factory in Milton Keynes, a different type of eco-warrior can be found on the shopfloor
Trains, planes and automobiles
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

The West Midlands is establishing itself as the UK’s hotbed for the future of mobility – from hydrogen-powered trains to an entirely driverless road network
Around the Regions: Yorks & the Humber
Authors: Smith June
Published: January 2023

In a diverse region, manufacturers great and small are predicting varying levels of growth for 2019. But all are taking steps to prepare for Brexit – whatever the outcome
Sustaining Momentum
Authors: Webzell Steed
Published: January 2023

A recent roundtable event hosted by Lloyds Bank debated the sustainability challenges facing SME manufacturers
Survival of the Fittest
Authors: Sutton Sean
Published: January 2023

What is driving the change in Operational Technology threats across industrial manufacturing - and how can firms adapt to mitigate against them?
Bouncing Back
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

As the UK reopens fully post-Covid, manufacturers still face challenges around Brexit, skills and Net Zero. A series of Make UK events in the coming months aims to help industry address these
A New Perspective
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

A major report from the MTC has called on UK manufacturing to increase its reliance on automation in the face of skills shortages and supply chain worries
At The Cutting Edge
Authors: Hague Richard , Tuck Chris
Published: January 2023

The Additive International Summit returns this summer for two days of exploring the latest research and technologies in the Additive Manufacturing world
Scotland the Brave
Authors: Black Alistair
Published: January 2023

Scotland can lead the way when it comes to adoption of automation, but only if it fully backs the latest technology
Future Dangers
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

Health & safety should be the primary concern of all manufacturing leaders; can the latest technology help make the shopfloor even safer than it currently is?
The New World
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

A new investment has seen a West Midlands manufacturer broaden its horizons even further and accelerate its expansion plans overseas
Meeting the Challenge
Authors: FIDEGNON FLORIANE
Published: January 2023

“When we’re interviewing apprentices, they’re really interviewing us”
Sending Data, not Parts
Authors: BECK CHRIS
Published: January 2023

As the Additive Manufacturing market continues to grow, manufacturers should be looking at the potential of the technology for their operations
Look to the Future
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

A Welsh primary school is inspiring the next generation of engineers with help from Renishaw’s 3D printing technology
Zeroing in on Sustainability
Authors: Bell Annalisa
Published: January 2023

Energy usage is a key business consideration for manufacturers – but many require the support of a trusted partner to maximise their sustainability potential
Masking A Problem
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

Mask-wearing has become the norm in our day-to-day lives – but are we being sufficiently protected against viruses, or do they simply offer a false sense of security?
A Smart Approach to Digitalisation
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

Two years into a pilot scheme across the North West, the Made Smarter programme is demonstrating tangible results for SMEs across the region that are looking to innovate
Employment Law SOS
Authors: Hughes Helen , Oliver Emma
Published: January 2023

This month, our legal experts explore a dispute with a contractor over a breach of conduct, dealing with a planned staff party that would breach COVID regulations, and running compulsory diversity and inclusion sessions for the workforce
No More 9 to 5?
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

COVID-19 has changed the way office-based staff work forever, but could remote working also become commonplace in hands-on sectors like manufacturing?
The Global Supply Chain
Authors: Bristow Mike
Published: January 2023

Manufacturers should use the post-COVID world as a chance to improve resilience in their supply chains
A Green Embrace
Authors: Mcfadyen Paul
Published: January 2023

Manufacturers must continue the transition to eco-friendly operations, and harness the available technology and support
Making Connections
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

As the world gets to grips with the new way of working, fast and reliable connectivity has never been more important – something that too many manufacturers neglect to consider
Cautious Collaboration
Authors: Lange Peter
Published: January 2023

While cobots offer significant advantages to manufacturers looking to embrace Industry 4.0, they also bring significant safety risks that must be acknowledged
Leading from the Front
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

This year’s Framework for Excellence Conference, hosted by The Manufacturing Institute, saw delegates learn how to improve their efficiency and their leadership
Steeling a March
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

The opening of two new state-of-the-art factories in Sheffield demonstrates the latest stage in a high-value manufacturing renaissance in the Steel City
Tackling Britain’s Productivity Puzzle
Authors: Egerton John
Published: January 2023

Despite low unemployment and a growth in wages, the UK is still in a rut when it comes to productivity, which is yet to recover since the financial crisis of a decade ago. Solving this will require some creative thinking
Conference Call
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

The voice of UK manufacturing must be better heard by ministers as we head towards a Brexit cliff-edge, delegates to this year’s Make UK conference were told
With Great Power…
Authors: Best Amy
Published: January 2023

Lithium-ion batteries are becoming more commonplace in today’s industrial trucks. But what are the advantages of this power source compared to others?
Deal or no Deal?
Authors: Gray Mark
Published: January 2023

Automation could be the answer to all manner of potential issues thrown up by ongoing political uncertainty
Are Manufacturers’ Shift Patterns Fit for Purpose?
Authors: Crossman Robert
Published: January 2023

Thinking smarter about your approach to your workers’ time could bring about a solution to the industry-wide skills shortage
Racing to Success
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

Why other industries hold the key to unlocking innovation
Put Your People First
Authors: Jones Simon
Published: January 2023

People are at the heart of any successful Industry 4.0 programme, heard delegates who attended MM’s latest Leadership Day, at JLR’s iconic Castle Bromwich factory
Automated Ecosystems
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: January 2023

As manufacturers become more aware of the importance of automation, suppliers to the sector are having to become more switched on to their customers’ needs
Whatever the Weather
Authors: Rahäuser Oliver
Published: January 2023

Ensure you address complete weathering stress on new wearable devices before launching them to market
Sun Screen
Authors: Rahäuser Oliver
Published: January 2023

Solar UV light can seriously degrade the quality of displays over time. For this reason, UV tests are critical in the durability testing of LCD and OLED displays.
Clean Tech
Authors: Balle Bernd
Published: January 2023

A growing number of manufacturers are facing up to the risk posed by particle contamination in the production cycle. ZEISS explains the products and processes that underpin technical cleanliness.
No Time to Waste
Authors: Bashford Rachel
Published: January 2023

As governments worldwide push the shift to a sustainable economy, CET&D investigates how changes in testing and development are helping make consumer electronics more sustainable.
The Future is Circular
Authors: Norman Helen
Published: January 2023

A modular design approach and the use of new sustainable materials has helped Bang & Olufsen develop the world’s first Cradle to Cradle Certified speaker for the consumer electronics industry
Air Support
Authors: Pfeifer GüNter
Published: January 2023

The arrival of 5G NR consumer technology has brought about mmWave frequencies and integrated antennas to transfer these signals, resulting in the need for over-the-air (OTA) measurements in the development phase. Reproducible OTA measurements under lab conditions require the use of anechoic test chambers which can be exceptionally large. To perform OTA measurements in limited spaces a new generation of T&M solutions with innovative space-saving features has been developed
Pneumolysis in COVID-19: A Novel Concept Derived from High Altitude Physiology
Authors: Zubieta-Calleja Gustavo , Zubieta-DeUrioste Natalia
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic surprised everyone with a severe lung compromise giving rise to gasping and death from respiratory insufficiency. The understanding of lung compromise is essential to advances in the field of pneumology. It is well known that the SARS-CoV-2 adheres through its spikes to the ACE-2 receptors of type II pneumocytes and introduces its RNAm material in search of its reproduction. Pneumolysis, defined as “lung destruction”, is the mechanism whereby the virus utilizes the alveolar cells to reproduce itself and destroys them in the process. The viral “attack” leads to dysfunction of the alveolar type II cells that work in conjunction with the type I alveolar cells, and a specialized thin oxygen and carbon dioxide permeable membrane. Once the virus is inside the cell, the organism’s immune system attempts to attack the virus, causing significant inflammatory reactions with remarkable ineffectiveness. The following destruction of the alveoli gives rise to a shunt, uneven ventilation-perfusion, and alteration of diffusion, generating a rapidly progressive hypoxemia that is often lethal.
Air Quality Prediction Based on Wavelet Analysis and Machine Learning
Authors: Duan Jun , Ren Qi
Published: January 2023

This thesis takes the historical weather time series of Chongqing as experimental samples. Firstly, this thesis uses wavelet transform to organize the data, and then divides the sample data into training and test sets to verify the accuracy of the evaluation of the Naive Bayes Model. Secondly, the Naive Bayes Model is compared with currently used machine learning models such as SVM, XGBoost, bagging, and random forest. Finally, the results show that the Naive Bayes Model has high stability and accuracy for the air quality assessment of Chongqing, and it can be applied to the evaluation of urban ambient air quality.
Evaluation of non-timber forest products used as medicinal plants from East Kalimantan (Indonesia) to inhibit ?-glucosidase and free radicals
Authors: RAMADHAN RICO , TOSEPU RAMADHAN , PHUWAPRAISIRISAN PREECHA , AMIRTA RUDIANTO , PHONTREE KIETTIPUM , HALIMI FIRDAUS YAZDANIYAR FAJRI , ABDULGANI NURLITA , MUTTAQIN MUHAMMAD ZAINUL , SAPARWADI SAPARWADI
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Ramadhan R, Tosepu R, Phuwapraisirisan P, Amirta R, Phontree K, Firdaus YFH, Abdulgani N, Muttaqin MZ, Saparwardi. 2022. Evaluation of non-timber forest products used as medicinal plants from East Kalimantan (Indonesia) to inhibit ?-glucosidase and free radicals. Biodiversitas 23: 5551-5558. Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) have essential uses as medicines, food sources, and traditional ceremonies for the local people living in forest areas. Medicinal plants are one of the non-timber forest products used as traditional medicine by local people in East Kalimantan. This study was conducted to search for new natural antidiabetic and antioxidant resources from medicinal plants used traditionally in Mahakam Ulu District, East Kalimantan, based on ethnopharmacological information. The present study evaluates non-timber forest products as in vitro antidiabetic (rat intestinal ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity) and antioxidant (free radical scavenging activity against DPPH, ABTS, and Nitric Oxide) activities. The antidiabetic and antioxidant activities were evaluated using ?-glucosidase inhibition assay and free radical scavenging methods. This study demonstrated that methanol extracts of Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi, Syzygium chloranthum (Duthie) Merr. & L.M. Perry and Shorea balangeran Burck exhibited strong ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity with maltose as a substrate with IC50 values of 0.034 mg/mL, 0.039 mg/mL, and 0.039 mg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, methanol extract of S. chloranthum displayed the strongest ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity in sucrose as a substrate, similar to the IC50 value of the quercetin as a positive control. Furthermore, the antioxidant test showed that all medicinal plant extracts from East Kalimantan are good sources of natural antioxidants indicated by their IC50 values. The results of this study support the scientific background of the uses of medicinal plant extracts from East Kalimantan as folk medicine.
Isolation and characterization of indigenous amylolytic enzyme-producing Aspergillus sp. from sweet-flavored tapai
Authors: ANASTASIA LIVI , KODRAT ERLANGGA ANANTHA , VICTOR HANS , SANJAYA ASTIA , PINONTOAN REINHARD
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Anastasia L, Kodrat EA, Victor H, Sanjaya A, Pinontoan R. 2022. Isolation and characterization of indigenous amylolytic enzyme-producing Aspergillus sp. from sweet-flavored tapai. Biodiversitas 23: 5580-5586. Aspergillus sp. are able to produce abundant amylolytic enzymes that may have a crucial role in producing the sweet flavor of tapai. This study was aimed to evaluate the amylolytic activity of Aspergillus sp. isolated from a widely known sweet tapai from Jember, East Java, Indonesia. The fungi isolated from sweet tapai were identified under notable morphological parameters, and its amylolytic activities were evaluated by utilizing various starch-based media, such as potato peel, potato dextrose broth, cassava, and maize. Optimum pH and temperature of partially purified amylolytic enzymes were evaluated using DNS assay. The result of this study suggested that TM3 fungal isolate isolated from sweet tapai belonged to Aspergillus sp. section Nigri. Aspergillus sp. TM3 grown in the potato peel medium displayed the highest amylolytic activity, followed by those grown in maize, potato dextrose broth, and cassava media. Further characterization of partially purified amylolytic enzymes from the isolate showed that optimal pH for the amylolytic activity was at pH 4.59 while the optimal temperature was around 54°C. Furthermore, analysis by thin-layer chromatography revealed that the amylolytic enzymes starch hydrolysis yielded dextrose as the main product and oligosaccharides as the side product, which indicated that Aspergillus sp. TM3 may have both alpha-amylase and glucoamylase involved in its amylolytic activity. This study explored the role of Aspergillus sp. TM3 in producing the sweet flavor of tapai.
Diversity amphibians and reptiles at Sungai Kerteh mangrove forest, Terengganu, Malaysia
Authors: Zakaria Nurulhuda , Allahudin Mohamad Ikmal Hakim , Ma'ad Siti Nur Syaza , Sulaiman Azrun Amirudin , Abdullah Nur Ain , Mohd Zamri Mohammad Izuan , Mamat Mazrul Aswady , Deraman Muhammad Yazid
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Zakaria N, Allahudin MIH, Ma’ad SNS, Sulaiman AA, Abdullah NA, Zamri MIM, Mamat MA, Deraman MY. 2022. Diversity amphibians and reptiles at Sungai Kerteh mangrove forest, Terengganu, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 23: 5574-5584. Malaysia has various ecosystems, including mangrove forests, that can support a rich number of amphibians and reptiles. However, amphibians and reptiles remain understudied, especially in mangrove forests. The main objective of this study was to determine the diversity of amphibians and reptiles in the mangrove forest of Sungai Kerteh. The sampling was conducted from 19th until 21st August 2019 by using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method along 2 km2 area of Sungai Kerteh. A total of 53 individuals were recorded belonging to 12 species (5 amphibian species and 7 reptile species). For amphibians, three families were recorded, with the family Dicroglossidae being the most abundant, with 13 individuals. For reptiles, eight families were recorded with the family Agamidae being the most abundant with 18 individuals. Fejervarya cancrivora (11 individuals; Family Dicroglossidae) was the most abundant amphibian species, while Leiolepis belliana (14 individuals; Family Agamidae) was the most abundant reptile species. There was no significant difference between the diversity of reptiles (H’: 1.6975) and amphibians (H’: 1.2643) (t: -1.6835, p>0.05). This study provides the first checklist of amphibians and reptiles species that will be helpful in identifying existing herpetofauna species and possible endangered or rare species in the Sungai Kerteh mangrove forest, which will help contribute to the conservation efforts of the herpetofauna in this area.
Short Communication: Correlation of flowering phenology and heat unit of forest cloves (Syzygium obtusifolium) at different elevations in Maluku Province, Indonesia
Authors: KAMSURYA MARWAN YANI , ALA AMBO , MUSA YUNUS , RAFIUDDIN RAFIUDDIN
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Kamsurya MY, Ala A, Musa Y, Rafiuddin. 2022. Short Communication: Correlation of flowering phenology and heat unit of forest cloves (Syzygium obtusifolium) at different elevations in Maluku Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5593-5599. The phenology and heat unit of the forest clove (Syzygium obtusifolium L.) are important parameters for the efficient maintenance of this plant. This study aimed to describe phenological flowering stages (PFS) and calculate growing degree days for different PFS, which will have a big impact on crop management and understanding the impact of climate variables on crucial phenological events. The research was conducted in Ambon, Maluku Province, Indonesia, for 16 months, from January 2020 to May 2021. Five sample points at different elevations were determined purposively, i.e: Halasi (6 m above sea level (m asl)), Tibang (11 m asl), Oli (125 m asl), Wanat (175 m asl), and Telaga Kodok (214 m asl). The phenology of flowering is separated into 6 stages: the flowering primordia, the appearance of the flower stalk, the perfect flower stalk, the appearance of the flower bud, the flower is fully formed, and the flower starts to bloom. The results showed that the phenological cycle of the forest clove plant was flowering periodically for 365 days. The average temperature of PFS (29oC) in Halasi was higher compared to other locations. It indicates that the lower the altitude, the faster the flowering period. This study found significant correlations between altitude and PFS, except flower stalks appear and flowers will appear. The phenology of clove plants is influenced by the accumulation of heat units, with the highest heat unit value in the flowers start to bloom stage, ranging from 2,983.23 dayso (Telaga Kodok) to 3,128.84 dayso (Halasi). As elevation increases, the number of heat units decreases, so the PFS is delayed. The primordial phase in Halasi appears in August-September while at Telaga Kodok in December.
Autoecology of Ceratium furca and Chaetoceros didymus as potential harmful algal blooms in tourism and aquaculture sites at Teluk Pandan Bay, Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: HASANI QADAR , YUSUP MAULID WAHID , CAESARIO RACHMAD , JULIAN DAVID , MUHTADI AHMAD
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Hasani Q, Yusup MW, Caesario R, Julian D, Muhtadi A. 2022. Autoecology of Ceratium furca and Chaetoceros didymus as potential harmful algal blooms in tourism and aquaculture sites at Teluk Pandan Bay, Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5670-5680. Harmful algal blooms (HABs) phenomenon has been observed around tourism and aquaculture sites in Teluk Pandan Waters, Lampung Bay. The dominant potential HABs found in Teluk Pandan waters were Ceratium furca and Chaetoceros didymus. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the environmental physicochemical factors and the abundance of C. furca and C. didymus as potential HABs. Phytoplankton samples were collected from four stations (Hurun Bay, Sidodadi Coastal Waters, Sari Ringgung Beach and Cikunyinyi Bay) during May-August 2022. Physical parameters (temperature, depth, brightness, current velocity and salinity), as well as chemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, pH, phosphate, nitrite, nitrate and ammonia) were all measured in conjunction with phytoplankton sampling. Canonical correlation analysis and multiple regression were used to predict the effect of environmental parameters on phytoplankton density. Blooms of C. furca were found with the highest density at 5.417×106 cells/L in Cikunyiyi Bay, while C. didymus predominated in Hurun Bay (2.890×104 cells/L), Sidodadi Coastal Waters (3.923×104 cells/L) and Sari Ringgung Beach (3.531×104 cells/L). The main factors influencing the increase in C. furca population at Cikunyinyi Bay were pH, phosphate and nitrate. The increase in C. didymus population at Sidodadi Coastal Waters was affected by phosphate, nitrate and nitrite, while phosphate and nitrate influenced the increase in C. didymus population at Sari Ringgung Beach. Potentially HABs density was found to be higher near intensive shrimp farming sites. The use of fertilizer and artificial feed in high quantities is thought to be responsible for increased water eutrophication. Periodic monitoring and consistent determination of environmental carrying capacity for intensive shrimp farming activities are required to control HABs and ensure the sustainability of aquaculture and tourism activities in Teluk Pandan Waters.
Adaptive strategy of Stevia rebaudiana to environmental change in tropical climate based on anatomy and physiology characteristics
Authors: KHULUQ AHMAD DHIAUL , WIDARYANTO EKO , ARIFFIN ARIFFIN , NIHAYATI ELLIS
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Khuluq AD, Widaryanto E, Ariffin, Nihayati E. 2022. Adaptive strategy of Stevia rebaudiana to environmental change in tropical climate based on anatomy and physiology characteristics. Biodiversitas 23: 5710-5717. High solar radiation and air temperature are the main influencing factors for plant growth and development in tropical climates. This study's objective was to understand stevia adaptation to microclimate changes at several altitudes in tropical climates. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design with altitude differences consisting of highlands, medium lands, and lowlands with ten replicates. The results showed that stevia was exposed to temperatures above 20oC during growth in the highlands by 36.46%, and in the medium lands to lowlands by 92.85%-93.96%. Meanwhile, the temperature above 30oC in the lowlands is 17.98% highest of the others. Stevia adapts to a high temperatures by increasing stomatal density, trichomes, and photosynthesis rate. Moreover, decreasing stomata (width, aperture, open percentage), leaf thickness, palisade length, xylem diameter, conductance, and transpiration rate. Stevia in the medium lands shows good adaptability with a high photosynthesis rate, percentage of open stomata 93.15%, leaf thickness 382.56 µm, and xylem diameter 30.97 µm, which is no different from the highlands. Thus, the medium lands have the potential as a new area of stevia development in a tropical climate, considering the increasingly competitive use of agricultural land in the highlands.
The pre-weaning growth of lambs from crossbreeding between Garut ewes with Dorper rams
Authors: Athifa Ichda Rufaida , Sari Aprilianna Putri Zahra Nafsina Luvita , Maharani Dyah , Budisatria I Gede Suparta , Bintara Sigit , Noor Yudi Guntara , Hidayat Rahmat , Panjono Panjono
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Athifa IR, Sari APZNL, Maharani D, Budisatria IGS, Bintara S, Noor YG, Hidayat R, Panjono. 2022. The pre-weaning growth of lambs from crossbreeding between Garut ewes with Dorper rams. Biodiversitas 23: 5738-5743. This study was aimed at determining the productivity of lamb from mating between Garut ewes and Dorper rams. The animals used were 108 sheep. A total of 98 heads of Garut ewes were randomly divided into two groups; the first group was mated with Dorper rams (5 heads), while the second group was mated with Garut rams (5 heads) as a control group. The data observed were birth weight, weaning weight, average daily gain (ADG), reproduction index (RI), and productivity index (PI). The data were analyzed with an independent sample T-Test. Birth weight, weaning weight, and ADG of Garut and Dorper crossbred lambs were 2.20±0.54 and 2.60±0.71 kg; 14.91±3.57 and 16.27±3.69 kg; and 90.21±32.11 and 119.12±42.64 g/day, respectively. Pre-weaning growth of Dorper-crossed lambs was higher (P<0.05) than those of Garut lambs. The RI and PI of Garut ewes mated with Garut and Dorper rams were 3.15±1.38 and 2.87±1.33 head/year; and 32, 10±15.53 and 38.91±21.00 kg/year, respectively. The PI of ewes mated with Dorper rams was higher (P<0.05) than that of Garut ewes mated with Garut rams. It is concluded that the cross of the Garut ewes with the Dorper rams improved productivity by increasing the pre-weaning growth of the lambs.
Variabilities of the carbon storage of mangroves in Gili Meno Lake, North Lombok District, Indonesia
Authors: Hilyana Sitti , Rahman Firman Ali
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Hilyana S, Rahman FA. 2022. Variabilities of the carbon storage of mangroves in Gili Meno Lake, North Lombok District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5862-5868. Mangrove is one of the coastal vegetation that can act as carbon mitigation (carbon sink and carbon storage). This study aims to determine the potential for carbon sinks and storage in the leaves and roots of each type of mangrove found in Gili Meno lake, North Lombok, Indonesia. The research includes the identification of species and sampling (leaves and roots) of mangroves in the research quadrant. The organic carbon content of mangrove leaves and roots was tested using the Wakley and Black method. The results showed that there were 5 (five) types of mangroves in Gili Meno lake, namely: Avicennia marina, Lumnitzera racemosa, Bruguiera cylindrica, Rhizophora apiculata, and Excoecaria agallocha. The highest leaf tissue carbon content value was R. apiculata at 45.85%C or equivalent to 3.19 g.C, while in roots, A. marina was 50.06%C, equivalent to 4.49 g.C. In addition, the potential carbon stock in the leaves of the entire mangrove ecosystem in an area of 3 ha is 762.81 tons.C±199.257 and at the roots is 659.76 tons.C±394.848, while the largest potential carbon stock in leaf organs is the type of mangrove R. apiculata, which is 318.91 tons.C.ha-1. and at the root is the type of mangrove A. marina, amounting to 448.54 tons.C.ha-1. The estimated carbon dioxide uptake by the Gili Meno mangrove leaves is in the range of 130.36 g.CO2-168.27 g.CO2 or with an average of 154.34 g.CO2±14.376, while the species with the highest carbon dioxide absorption capacity is R. apiculata (268.27 g.CO2) and the lowest in the species of L. racemosa (130.36 g.CO2).
Curcuma nakhonphanomensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species from the lower Mekong River basin, northeastern Thailand
Authors: SAENSOUK PIYAPORN , BOONMA THAWATPHONG , SAENSOUK SURAPON
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Saensouk P, Boonma T, Saensouk S. 2022. Curcuma nakhonphanomensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species from the lower Mekong River basin, northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 6040-6048. Curcuma nakhonphanomensis Boonma, Saensouk & P. Saensouk sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae) was distributed in Nakhon Phanom Province, northeastern Thailand. The morphological characteristic of this species makes it fall into Curcuma subgenus Ecomata, due to the presence of epigynous glands, lack of coma bracts and bracts fused only at the base, and production of open-form of flowers. This plant did not match any existing species after careful morphological examination and comparison of all allied species in the genus Curcuma, especially in subgenus Ecomata. Therefore, we described it here as a new species to science in the name of Curcuma nakhonphanomensis Boonma, Saensouk & P. Saensouk. The specific epithet is named according to the province's name of the type locality. The morphological characteristics description, illustrations, vernacular name, ecology, phenology, distribution, utilization, conservation status, and map of distribution are present. The comparison table of the new species and its allies species, including a revised key to 41 species of Curcuma subgenus Ecomata is provided.
Urine biochemical profile analysis and transabdominal ultrasonography for pregnancy detection in the endangered lowland anoa (Bubalus depressicornis)
Authors: Bowolaksono Anom , Mayasari Anita , Sundari Ayu Mulia , Simamora Advent Tri Joy , Suryaningsih Rahma , Suryawan Ady , Abinawanto Abinawanto , Sjahfirdi Luthfiralda , Hasna Afifa , Supriatna Jatna , Kyes Randall C
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Bowolaksono A, Mayasari A, Sundari AM, Simamora ATJ, Suryaningsih R, Suryawan A, Simamora ATJ, Abinawanto, Sjahfirdi L, Hasna A, Supriatna J, Kyes RC. 2022. Urine biochemical profile analysis and transabdominal ultrasonography for pregnancy detection in the endangered lowland anoa (Bubalus depressicornis). Biodiversitas 23: 6056-6061. The population of lowland anoas (Bubalus depressicornis) has decreased significantly due to illegal hunting and habitat loss. As such, the urgency in developing successful ex-situ conservation programs cannot be overstated. Ex-situ breeding programs of anoas, however, are hindered by difficulties in early pregnancy detection. The failure to detect pregnancy at an early stage often results in miscarriage due to repeated breeding attempts of unconfirmed pregnant females. Moreover, frequent false heat during 5 to 6 months of pregnancy corroborated the repeated breeding of pregnant females. Therefore, early detection techniques are needed to improve breeding success. The present study evaluated the use of urine biochemical profiles as a minimally invasive approach for early pregnancy detection and transabdominal ultrasonography as a confirmation tool of false heat in four lowland anoas. Statistical analysis showed that glucose and protein level were significantly elevated during pregnancy since the 0 days of post-mating (p<0.05) and consistently higher compared to the non-pregnant period. Meanwhile, transabdominal ultrasonography successfully identified organ structures and development by the 155th, 176th, 180th, and 191st days of pregnancy. The present study suggests that urine biochemical data provide a promising, minimally invasive approach to early pregnancy detection in anoas. Incorporating urine data and ultrasonography can significantly help to maintain pregnancy by validating false heat.
Short Communication: Rare grouper Epinephelus miliaris from market surveys in South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Kadir Nadiarti Nurdin , Ambo Ala Husain Aidah , Irmawati Irmawati , Priosambodo Dody , Jamal Muhammad , Ilyas Muhammad , Malkab A Nurul Izzah , Fasirah Era , Moore Abigail Mary
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Kadir NN, Husain AAA, Irmawati, Priosambodo D, Jamal M, Ilyas M, Malkab ANI, Fasirah E, Moore AM. 2022. Short Communication: Rare grouper Epinephelus miliaris from market surveys in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6070-6074. Groupers of the genusEpinephelus are tropical demersal fishes of both ecological and economic importance. However, knowledge is still limited regarding the diversity of fish caught and traded as well as the fine-scale distribution of many species. During a series of market surveys to photograph and identify groupers exploited in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, a small number of specimens of a widespread but rare grouper, Epinephelus miliaris, were found. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the body of knowledge on E. miliaris by analyzing and presenting spatial, morphological, and meristic data collected on these specimens and discussing the findings with respect to the current state of knowledge regarding this species. Our findings add Sulawesi, including the Makassar Strait and Gulf of Bone, to the recorded distribution of E. miliaris, to the south of the range according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. Both specimens were within the juvenile or sub-adult size range for this species. We conclude that there is a need to re-evaluate the range of this species, specifically within Indonesia, in fisheries and fish biodiversity databases.
Molecular and phenotypic characteristics of T1 transgenic yellow cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus) carrying neomycin phosphotransferase II gene
Authors: Irsyadi Muhammad Burhanuddin , Sawitri Widhi Dyah , Purwantoro Aziz
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Irsyadi MB, Sawitri WD, Purwantoro A. 2022. Molecular and phenotypic characteristics of T1 transgenic yellow cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus) carrying neomycin phosphotransferase II gene. Biodiversitas 23: 6097-6105. Yellow cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus) is a tropical ornamental flower that contains secondary metabolites useful fornatural pesticide application. Plant genetic transformation is one genetic engineering method used to increase secondary metabolite accumulation. However, published reports on this issue have yet to be made available. This is the first report of genetic transformation in transgenic yellow cosmos using neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) encoding gene. This study aimed to determine the efficiency transformation and phenotypic character of the T1 yellow cosmos transgenic nptII. This genetic transformation was carried out by the floral dip method mediated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens and characterized based on quantitative and qualitative observations, as well as a cluster analysis of transgenic plants. The T1 transgenic yellow cosmos was confirmed using PCR with a transformation efficiency of 73.33% based on the total plants resistant to Kanamycin and 10.57% based on the total seeds transformed. The presence of the nptII encoding gene was shown in transgenic plant samples with a size of 550 bp. In general, the introduction of the nptII gene generated no novel traits except the resistance to the kanamycin antibiotic. However, there was a decrease and increase in the number of stomata and the size of stomata in transgenic plants, respectively. In addition, there was a change in the type of ray floret to a mixture of ligulate and tubular, indicating that the nptII gene affected the phenotype of yellow cosmos. The result revealed that the nptII gene was inserted fairly randomly into the plant genome.
Ethnobotany of the Toba Batak Ethnic Community in Samosir District, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: SITANGGANG NETTY DEMAK H. , ZUHUD ERVIZAL A. M. , MASY’UD BURHANUDDIN , SOEKMADI RINEKSO
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Sitanggang NDH, Zuhud EAM, Masy’ud B, Soekmadi. 2022. Ethnobotany of the Toba Batak Ethnic Community in Samosir District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6114-6118. The Toba Batak ethnic community is one of the ethnic groups in Indonesia that is believed to have unique characteristics in terms of ethnobotanical aspects. The objectives of this study were to identify the diversity of plant species that were used and collected by the Toba Batak ethnic community, analyze their Cultural Significance Index and determine the economic potential of plant species of high cultural value. The survey was conducted in four villages near Samosir Botanical Gardens and Aek Natonang Lake. We collected data through field observations and interviews with key respondents of chiefs, healers, homemakers and youth as users. We analyzed the data to determine the number of plant species collected and used by the Toba Batak ethnic community, to calculate the cultural importance of the plant species, and to determine the economic potential of the plant species. The result showed that the community collected and used 146 plant species from 53 families. We distinguished it into three categories, food (66 species), medicine (67 species) and traditional rituals (13 species). Twenty plant species had the highest cultural value (ICS > 30). Nine species had the highest cultural value, i.e., ginger (Zingiber officinale) (54), rice (Oryza sativa) (50), garlic (Allium sativum) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) 48), mango (Mangifera indica) and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) (40), and lime (Citrus aurantifolia), kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) and rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) (39). Six of the nine plant species with high cultural value were considered potential and priority economic commodities. These species were ginger, rice, garlic, turmeric, mango and sweet potato.
Molecular detection of pathogenic bacteria in Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato) ticks from Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: TAHULENDING JANE , TULUNG MAX , PELEALU JANTJE , DODA DIANA VANDA
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Tahulending J, Tulung M, Pelealu J, Doda DV. 2022. Molecular detection of pathogenic bacteria in Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato) ticks from Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6164-6170. Domesticated dog populations have grown throughout Indonesia, notably in Bitung City. Dogs are frequently kept as home guardians and reside with their owners. Dogs are typically attacked by ectoparasites, parasites that adhere to the skin's surface and potentially spread the disease microorganisms to humans, animals, and the environment. As a specific host, ticks are frequently found in dogs. This research aims to identify and analyze the molecular character bacterial of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks in Bitung City. A hypervariable region of 16S rRNA called V3-V4 was selected for the DNA barcode area. Dogs' ticks have been collected from several areas in Bitung. The microbes inside the digestive tract were analyzed using genomic DNA with a gSYNC DNA extraction kit, and PCR amplification using KOD FX Neo and MyTaq HS red mix. At First Base Singapore, gel electrophoresis and sequencing were carried out. The collected sequencing data were analyzed using MEGA X and the BLAST, connected online with the NCBI's GenBank. The nine distinct bacteria were identified inside the digestive tract of ticks. Pseudomonas stutzeri (35%), Brevundimonas sp. (21%), and Aquamicrobium lusatiense (17%) were the pathogens that were most frequently found. These results enhance knowledge of the pathogen microbes that may impact either humans or animals.
Economic values of environmental services of three forest areas in South Ogan Komering Ulu District, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: SARI ENDA KARTIKA , MULYANA ANDY , ANTONI MIRZA , ADRIANI DESSY
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Sari EK, Mulyana A, Antoni M, Adriani D. 2022. Economic values of environmental services of three forest areas in South Ogan Komering Ulu District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6180-6190. Forest provides environmental services in the form of provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural services. However, forest is often valued from its timber products, neglecting its broader role in delivering environmental services especially its role in maintaining ecological functions. Forests in South Ogan Komering Ulu District, South Sumatra, Indonesia have high ecological importance in delivering environmental services, yet these forests are pressured by clearing and conversion into plantations and agriculture. The study aimed to comprehensively calculate the total economic value of environmental services delivered by three forest areas in South Ogan Komering Ulu, namely Gunung Raya Wildlife Reserve, Saka Production Forest and Saka Limited Production Forest. We calculated total economic value by incorporating the use value, which consists of direct use value and indirect use value, and the non-use value, which consists of option value, existence value and bequest value. The results revealed that the total economic value of the three forest areas is IDR 863,868,883,037. In more detail, the use value consisted of direct use value with IDR 354,378,792,460 contributing to 41.02% and indirect use value with IDR 509,309,370,324 contributing to 58.96% to the total economic value. The non-use value is from the option value, the existence value and bequest value with IDR 97,449,120 (0.01%), IDR 65,512,153 (0.01%) and IDR 17,758,980 (0.0021), respectively. Our study implies that forest has tremendous ecological functions which provide a very high economic value and environmental services, where these functions are often neglected.
Diversity and similarity of melon (Cucumis melo L.) groups and determination of distinguishing morphological characters
Authors: SAPUTRA HELFI EKA , SYUKUR MUHAMAD , SUWARNO WILLY BAYUARDI , SOBIR SOBIR
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Saputra HE, Syukur M, Suwarno WB, Sobir. 2022. Diversity and similarity of melon (Cucumis melo L.) groups and determination of distinguishing morphological characters. Biodiversitas 23: 6254-6261. Characterization is an important activity for the study of genotype diversity and similarity. The study was aiming at obtaining information about the diversity and similarity of melon groups and to determine morphological characters as differentiators between melon groups. The genotypes tested were IPB240, IPB283, IPBM21, IPBM23, IPBME5, IPBMETA9, UME20, UME38, UME39, UME90, UME91, UME98, UME99, UME100, UME101. Characterization was based on UPOV and IPGRI guidelines for qualitative and quantitative characters. Two qualitative characters showed no variation in all tested genotypes, namely sex expression (EK) and secondary skin color outside the groove (WKSDA). Qualitative characters that have high diversity were groove color (WA), maximum width between grooves (LMAA), groove color intensity (IWA), and flower stalk thickness (KTBN). The UME98 genotype had the most different color appearance from the other genotypes on the heatmap. The color and depth of fruit grooves are distinguishing characteristics of all genotypes. There were genotype differences in the inodorus and reticulatus types. Unlike the IPBMETA9 genotype, UME100, UME101, and UME38 formed the same clusters with the characteristics of the makuwa group. Melon group makuwa had different characteristics with the inodorus and reticulatus groups. The distinguishing characters for the makuwa type were groove depth, ratio length to diameter, the diameter of hermaphrodite flower stalks, fruit diameter, and fruit skin thickness. Melon groups in the inodorus and reticulatus groups had high similarities, making it difficult to find specific characters in all melon genotypes observed.
Diversity of the medicinal plant in homegarden of local communities in the coastal area of Prigi Bay, Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: AGUSTINA NIA , HUTAURUK TIMOTHY JEFFREY WALTER , SULISTYANINGRUM NUNIK , YUDHANTO SYARIFUDIN MAHFUDH , LIZA NOR , KUSUMANINGRUM LIA , SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO , YASA AHMAD , SAENSOUK SURAPON , NAIM DARLINA MD. , SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Agustina N, Hutauruk TJW, Sulistyaningrum N, Yudhanto SM, Liza N, Kusumaningrum L, Sugiyarto, Yasa A, Saensouk S, Naim DMD, Setyawan AD. 2022. Diversity of the medicinal plant in homegarden of local communities in the coastal area of Prigi Bay, Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6302-6312. Homegarden is a part of the agroforestry system that is essential in a food security program. It also reflects the social and traditional practices in certain areas that define the composition of plants. One common plant that grows in a homegarden area is herbal medicine. The knowledge about medicinal plants in society is essential to ensure the sustainability of this local wisdom to be passed through the subsequent generations. This research aimed to examine the diversity of medicinal plants planted in homegarden in Tasikmadu, Prigi, and Karanggandu Villages, Watulimo Sub-district, East Java, Indonesia. The research used a field survey of plant inventory and a semi-structured interview to gather ethnobotanical information. A total of 60 respondents were obtained by purposive sampling, with residents with homegardens preferred to be interviewed. The discussion results showed that 32 families of 59 medicinal plant species found in the study areas are consumed for medicinal purposes. Zingiberaceae is referred to as the highest family consumed by the respondents. Leaves and rhizomes are the most commonly utilized part, while decoction is the most popular preparation method. This study revealed that people aged 46-55 have the highest knowledge of medicinal plants. At the same time, women are considered to know more about herbal medicine compared to men.
Isolation and characterization of extremophile bacteria for hydrolytic enzyme production from Waepella Hot Spring, Sinjai, Indonesia
Authors: INDRAYANI INDRAYANI , PUTRA RESKI PRAJA , HAMBALI AMIRUDDIN , ARDIANSYAH ARDIANSYAH
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Indrayani, Putra RP, Hambali A, Ardiansyah. 2022. Isolation and characterization of extremophile bacteria for hydrolytic enzyme production from Waepella Hot Spring, Sinjai, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6345-6351. Extremophiles are organisms that have adapted to live in extreme environments. Therefore, they have huge potential for various industrial applications, specifically enzyme production. The aim of this study was to isolate and screen the potential of extremophile bacteria for hydrolytic enzyme production from the Waepella hot spring in Sinjai District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The water samples were collected from the hot spring at three different locations. The method of bacterial isolation was the agar plating technique using Tryptic Soy Agar media. The obtained isolates were characterized by examination of colony colors, cell shapes, gram staining, endospore, catalase, and enzymatic activity (amylase, cellulose, protease, lipase, and pectinase). The result showed that a total of eighteen isolates were successfully isolated from Waepella hot springs. Eight isolates showed amylolytic activity, and the highest (22.6± 0.44 mm) activity was observed in isolate BHSS10. Nine isolates had a cellulolytic activity with the highest clear zone of 11.6±0.4 mm (isolate BHSS7). Sixteen isolates had a pectinolytic activity with the highest clear zone of 12±0.24 (isolate BHSS16). Only 3 isolates showed proteolytic activity, and the highest (9.83±0.40 mm) was observed in isolate BHSS15, while none showed lipolytic activity. That is the first report on extremophile bacterial isolation and screening for enzyme production from the hot spring in South Sulawesi, Indonesia.