bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cerebral Organoids for Modeling of HSV-1-Induced-Amyloid β Associated Neuropathology and Phenotypic Rescue
Authors: Qiao Haowen , Zhao Wen , Guo Moujian , Zhu Lili , Chen Tao , Wang Jibo , Xu Xiaodong , Zhang Zhentao , Wu Ying , Chen Pu
Published: May 2022

Herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) infection is a potential risk factor involved in the Amyloid β (Aβ) associated neuropathology. However, further understanding of the neuropathological effects of the HSV-1 infection is hampered by the limitations of existing infection models due to the distinct differences between human brains and other mammalians’ brains. Here we generated cerebral organoid models derived from pluripotent stem cells to investigate the HSV-induced Aβ associated neuropathology and the role of antiviral drugs in the phenotypic rescue. Our results identified that the HSV-1-infected cerebral organoids recapitulated Aβ associated neuropathology including the multicellular Aβ deposition, dysregulated endogenous AD mediators, reactive gliosis, neuroinflammation, and neural loss, indicating that cerebral organoids offer an opportunity for modeling the interaction of HSV-1 with the complex phenotypes across the genetic, cellular, and tissue levels of the human Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Furthermore, we identified that two antiviral drugs, namely Ribavirin (RBV) and Valacyclovir (VCV), inhibited HSV-1 replication and rescued the neuropathological phenotypes associated with AD in the HSV-1-infected cerebral organoids, implying their therapeutic potential to slow down the progression of AD. Our study provides a high-fidelity human-relevant in-vitro HSV-1 infection model to reconstitute the multiscale neuropathological features associated with AD and discover therapeutic drug candidates relevant to the AD viral hypothesis.
Plasminogen Binding and Activation at the Mesothelial Cell Surface Promotes Invasion through a Collagen Matrix
Authors: Ditzig Zachary , Wilson Caleb M. , Salas Jesse , Serve Kinta M.
Published: May 2022

Plasminogen (Plg) activation to the serine protease plasmin (Pla) plays a key role in regulating wound healing and fibrotic responses, particularly when bound to cell surface receptors. Our previous work suggested that mesothelial cells bind Plg at the cell surface, though no Plg receptors were described for these cells. Since mesothelial cells contribute to injury responses, including cellular differentiation to a mesenchymal-like phenotype and extracellular matrix remodeling, we hypothesized that Plg binding would promote these responses. Here, we confirm that Plg binds to both pleural and peritoneal mesothelial cells via the lysine-binding domain present in Plg, and we demonstrate the presence of three Plg receptors on the mesothelial cell surface: α-Enolase, Annexin A2, and Plg-RKT. We further show that bound-Plg is activated to Pla on the cell surface and that activation is blocked by an inhibitor of urokinase plasminogen activator or by the presence of animal-derived FBS. Lastly, we demonstrate that Plg promotes mesothelial cell invasion through a type I collagen matrix but does not promote cellular differentiation or proliferation. These data demonstrate for the first time that mesothelial cells bind and activate Plg at the cell surface and that active Pla is involved in mesothelial cell invasion without cell differentiation.
A Proposal for Formulating a Spectrum Usage Fee for 5G Private Networks in Indonesian Industrial Areas
Authors: Hikmaturokhman Alfin , Ramli Kalamullah , Suryanegara Muhammad , Ratna Anak Agung Putri , Rohman Ibrahim Kholilul , Zaber Moinul
Published: May 2022

The Indonesian spectrum usage fees—the so-called Biaya Hak Pengguna Frekuensi Izin Pita Frekuensi Radio (BHP IPFR)—are currently calculated using a formula determined by the three following main parameters: the frequency band, the country’s economic parameter, and the nationwide population. As spectrum usage fees are proportional to the width of the bandwidth, the current formula would result in an extremely high price when applied to 5G-mmWave private networks, with the cost burden being a direct consequence for the service operator. In this paper, we propose the formulation of a new spectrum usage fee for 5G-mmWave private network implementation in Indonesian industrial areas. To do so, we evaluate the current formula, adopt the framework offered by the ITU-R SM.2012-5 (06/2016), and use an industrial reference index—the Indonesia Industry Readiness Index 4.0 (INDI 4.0) score. We test the proposal by applying the new formula to calculate the 5G-mmWave private network spectrum usage fee for the Jakarta industrial area. The result shows that the new formula gives a lower spectrum usage fee than the current formula, which benefits 5G-mmWave private network service operators. Such savings can be regarded as a government subsidy for the service operators to use in various ways in the industry, providing further economic benefits. Using the input–output model, we prove that despite the proposed new formula brings a lower spectrum usage fee, resulting in a loss in state income, it will lead to a much greater positive impact on the national economic output. Applying the new formula will eventually have a multiplier effect on various sectors and encourage digital economic growth and national digital transformation, especially for vertical industries in Indonesia. This study may serve as a guideline or initial reference for Indonesian policymakers and service operators for applying the CAPEX and OPEX cost of using the new spectrum for 5G-mmWave private network service implementation and estimating the economic multiplier for 5G-mmWave private network service deployment in industrial areas. It can also be used as a benchmark case for other countries to apply spectrum usage fees for private networks in industrial areas.
Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Genes Related to Sex Determination and Differentiation in Sugarcane Borer (Chilo sacchariphagus Bojer)
Authors: Li Ao-Mei , He Wei-Zhong , Wei Ji-Li , Chen Zhong-Liang , Liao Fen , Qin Cui-Xian , Pan You-Qiang , Shang Xian-Kun , Lakshmanan Prakash , Wang Miao , Tan Hong-Wei , Huang Dong-Liang
Published: May 2022

Chilo sacchariphagus Bojer is an important sugarcane pest globally. Along with genetic modification strategies, the sterile insect technique (SIT) has gained more attention as an environment-friendly method for pest control. The identification of key genes associated with sex determination and differentiation will provide important basic information for this control strategy. As such, the transcriptome sequencing of female and male adults was conducted in order to understand the sex-biased gene expression and molecular basis of sex determination and differentiation in this species. A total of 60,429 unigenes were obtained; among them, 34,847 genes were annotated. Furthermore, 11,121 deferentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which 8986 were male-biased and 2135 were female-biased genes. The male-biased genes were enriched for carbon metabolism, peptidase activity and transmembrane transport, while the female-biased genes were enriched for the cell cycle, DNA replication, and the MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, 102 genes related to sex-determination and differentiation were identified, including the protein toll, ejaculatory bulb-specific protein, fruitless, transformer-2, sex-lethal, beta-Catenin, sox, gata4, beta-tubulin, cytosol aminopeptidase, seminal fluid, and wnt4. Furthermore, transcription factors such as myb, bhlh and homeobox were also found to be potentially related to sex determination and differentiation in this species. Our data provide new insights into the genetic elements associated with sex determination and differentiation in Chilo sacchariphagus, and identified potential candidate genes to develop pest-control strategies.
TD-Det: A Tiny Size Dense Aphid Detection Network under In-Field Environment
Authors: Teng Yue , Wang Rujing , Du Jianming , Huang Ziliang , Zhou Qiong , Jiao Lin
Published: May 2022

It is well recognized that aphid infestation severely reduces crop yield and further leads to significant economic loss. Therefore, accurately and efficiently detecting aphids is of vital importance in pest management. However, most existing detection methods suffer from unsatisfactory performance without fully considering the aphid characteristics, including tiny size, dense distribution, and multi-viewpoint data quality. In addition, existing clustered tiny-sized pest detection methods improve performance at the cost of time and do not meet the real-time requirements. To address the aforementioned issues, we propose a robust aphid detection method with two customized core designs: a Transformer feature pyramid network (T-FPN) and a multi-resolution training method (MTM). To be specific, the T-FPN is employed to improve the feature extraction capability by a feature-wise Transformer module (FTM) and a channel-wise feature recalibration module (CFRM), while the MTM aims at purifying the performance and lifting the efficiency simultaneously with a coarse-to-fine training pattern. To fully demonstrate the validity of our methods, abundant experiments are conducted on a densely clustered tiny pest dataset. Our method can achieve an average recall of 46.1% and an average precision of 74.2%, which outperforms other state-of-the-art methods, including ATSS, Cascade R-CNN, FCOS, FoveaBox, and CRA-Net. The efficiency comparison shows that our method can achieve the fastest training speed and obtain 0.045 s per image testing time, meeting the real-time detection. In general, our TD-Det can accurately and efficiently detect in-field aphids and lays a solid foundation for automated aphid detection and ranking.
Comparison of the Flexural Behavior of High-Volume Fly AshBased Concrete Slab Reinforced with GFRP Bars and Steel Bars
Authors: Madan Chinnasamy Samy , Munuswamy Swetha , Joanna Philip Saratha , Gurupatham Beulah Gnana Ananthi , Roy Krishanu
Published: May 2022

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) rods are advanced composite materials with high strength, light weight, non-corrosive properties, and superior durability properties. Under severe environmental conditions, for concrete structures, the use of glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) rods is a cost-effective alternative to traditional steel reinforcement. This study compared the flexural behavior of an OPC concrete slab with a high-volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete slab reinforced with GFRP rods/steel rods. In the fly ash concrete slabs, 60% of the cement used for casting the slab elements was replaced with class F fly ash, which is emerging as an eco-friendly and inexpensive replacement for ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The data presented include the crack pattern, load–deflection behavior, load–strain behavior, moment–curvature behavior, and ductility of the slab specimens. Additionally, good agreement was obtained between the experimental and nonlinear finite element analysis results using ANSYS 2022-R1. The study also compared the experimental moment capacity with the most commonly used design standard ACI 440.1R-15. This investigation reveals that there is a huge potential for the utilization of GFRP rods as reinforcement in fly ash concrete slabs.
Effects of fermented chicken manure products on the N mineralization rate of the soil using the incubation method
Authors: Tóth Florence Alexandra , Tamás János , Nagy Péter Tamás
Published: May 2022

In our study, the effect of fermented and specially added poultry manure products (superabsorbent polymer (SAP), bentonite and Aegis as a mycorrhizal inoculum) were investigated in a short soil incubation experiment – at 60% water capacity level - on sandy soil. Soil samples were collected from two layers of the incubation pots after the second and fourth week to check the status of the tested products and the processes in the soil. The pH and the electric conductivity (EC) of the samples were measured using an electrochemical method, while the ammonium and nitrate content of the samples was determined with a photometric method. Soil pH and EC values slightly were decreased during the experiment. Our results pointed out that the increasing dose of SAP caused lower soil pH. The nitrate content of the soil did not change significantly during the experiment. It was found that the increasing SAP content in the products, due to its cross-linked structural property, protected the nitrate ions from leaching. Our results suggest that applied SAP does not bind the nutrient ions so tightly in its structure that it competes with the plant for uptake.
comparison of sperm motility and density in four different goldfish (Carassius auratus) types
Authors: Nagy Borbála , Bernáth Gergely , Várkonyi Levente , Molnár József , Láng Levente Zete , Izsák Tibor , Bartucz Tamás , Iittzés István , Ittzés Áron , Urbányi Béla , Bokor Zoltán
Published: May 2022

Different goldfish types play an important role both in ornamental fish farming and science. Considering its historical background, the goldfish is a suitable model animal for the study of artificial selection as well as for developmental biological studies. Sperm motility and cell density is an important parameter in determining sperm quality. The aim of our study was to examine the effects of different goldfish types on the sperm quality. Several sperm motility parameters (progressive motility (pMOT, %), straight line velocity (VSL, μm s-1), curvilinear velocity (VCL, μm s-1), linearity (LIN, %), amplitude lateral Head Displacement (ALH, μm), Beat Cross Frequency (BCF, Hz)) of four different goldfish types (Common goldfish-“wild type” N=5, Shubunkin N=4, Black Moor N=4, Oranda N=5) was compared during 60 hours (at 12-hour intervals) at refrigerated storage (4 °C). The variability of sperm density was also investigated in all types. A similar cell concentration was determined in the four goldfish variants (Common goldfish 2.01*1010 ± 3.46*109; Shubunkin 1.71*1010 ± 3.25*109; Black Moor 1.66*1010 ± 3.02*109; Oranda 1.56*1010 ± 5.83*109). Statistically significant difference between the 4 goldfish types in the motility parameters and cell density was not noted. However, a decreasing tendency in Black Moor sperm motility parameters (pMOT, VCL and VSL) was observable, as well as a reduced spermatozoa density in Oranda was also recorded. Our results can contribute to the improvement of the common hatchery propagation of goldfish. Future studies can add more evidence of the possible effects of artificial selection on the reproduction in different goldfish types.
Use of molecular marker methods in the classification of bamboo taxa: A review
Authors: Khin Chan Nyein , Veres Anikó , Neményi András
Published: May 2022

Bamboo plants are currently attractive to researchers because of their versatile uses. Understanding the bamboos’ genetic level is needed to develop new varieties. Taxonomic identification is the basis for plant development. Bamboos were identified as their taxonomical morphological characters which are dependent on environmental factors. Molecular Marker techniques can be used to perform accurate genotype identification, which can be used for genetic diversity analyses. The RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSR, ISSR, iPBS, SCARS, SCoT, SRAP marker systems have been shown to be able to efficiently determine the genetic diversity of bamboo species based on genotyping. This paper summarizes research that aims to analyze the genetic diversity of bamboo species on a molecular basis.
Investigation of the production parameters, nutrient and mineral composition of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae grown on different substrates
Authors: Molnár Áron , Toviho Odunayo Abigeal  , Milán Fehér
Published: May 2022

During the rearing of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae, the optimisation of the growing substrate has a particular importance. The application of the appropriate substrate is a fundamental pillar for intensive and safe production. The requirements for substrate include the lack of toxins, high nutrient and micro-macro element content. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the effects of different substrates on the production parameters, nutrient and mineral composition of the mealworm larvae. The experiment lasted through 14 days. 5 treatments were set up at, where the variable was the substrate. The test system consisted of 25 units (5 treatments and 5 replicates). 10 mealworm larvae per unit, (total of 250 larvae) were used at the beginning of the experiment. Regarding the substrates, our study included sweet potato (SP), may turnip tuber (MT) and may turnip leaf (ML). In addition to the plant by-products, wheat flour (WF) and wheat semolina (WS) were used as control substrates. Trace element uptake and production parameters of the larvae were determined at the end of the experiment. Regarding the production parameters, it can be stated that the wheat semolina (0.081 ± 0.005 g) and wheat flour (0.069 ± 0.007 g) substrate used as control gave the best results for the final body weight. In terms of plant raw materials and by-products, sweet potatoes (0.063 ± 0.007) can only be recommended as substrate, while may turnip tuber and may turnip leaf produced significantly lower final body weight results (MT=0.034 ± 0.002 g ; ML= 0.036 ± 0.002 g). The nutrient composition of the larvae was not affected by the substrate, these results confirmed the high protein and fat content reported in the literature. The results with the production parameters were contradicted by the micronutrient content. Larvae reared on may turnip leaf (ML) and tuber (MT) showed the highest values for most of the macro- and microelements (potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper) tested.
Integrated nutrient supply and varietal difference influence grain yield and yield related physio-morphological traits of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) varieties under drought condition
Authors: Melash Anteneh Agezew , Ábrahám Éva Babett
Published: May 2022

The ever-growing world population entails an improvement in durum wheat grain yield to ensure an adequate food supply, which often gets impaired by several biotic and abiotic factors. Integrated nutrient management, such as nitrogen rate × foliar zinc × sulphur fertilization combined with durum wheat varieties were investigated in order to examine the dynamics of yield and yield related physio-morphological traits under drought conditions. The four durum wheat varieties, three-level of nutrient supply (i.e. control, sulphur, and zinc), and two nitrogen regimes (i.e. zero and 60 kg ha−1) were arranged in split-split plot design with three replications. Zinc and sulphur were applied as foliar fertilisation during the flag leaf stage, both at a rate of 3 and 4 liters ha-1, respectively. Results showed existence of genetic variability for grain yield, plant height, NDVI, SPAD and spike density. Foliar based application of zinc and sulphur at the latter stage improved the plant height. Nitrogen fertilized varieties with lower spike numbers showed to better yield formation. Co-fertilization of nitrogen and zinc improved grain yield of responsive varieties like Duragold by about 21.3%. Spikes per m2 were statistically insignificant for grain yield improvement. It could be inferred that the observed positive effect of sulphur, nitrogen and zinc application on physio-morphology and yield formation substantiates the need to include these essential nutrients in the cultivation system of durum wheat.
Productivity of thinned black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) stands in Hungary: case studies
Authors: Rédei Károly , Ábri Tamás
Published: May 2022

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is one of the most important introduced tree species in Hungary, covering more than 24% of the stocked area and providing approximately 20% of the country’s annual timber cut. Consequently, the research and development activities related to the improvement of the growing technology of black locust are also important, especially in mitigating the negative effects of climate change. The aim of this study was to quantify growth and yield, responses of even-aged 12–31–year–old black locust stand to thinning in Hungary. The study has proved that irrespective of the yield class, age and thinning intensity, thinning could not increase effectively the cumulative volume production. As percentage of the control it has changed between +0.6 and -8.4%. On the other hand, it could increase the stand value based on stem quality index by 10–21%.
Investigation of the mycelial compatibility of Macrophomina phaseolina in the Carpatian Basin
Authors: Csüllög Kitti , Prokopics Stella , Tarcali Gábor
Published: May 2022

Macrophomina phaseolina is a globally widespread fungal pathogen. The fungus has a very wide range of hosts. Under optimal conditions, M. phaseolina can cause serious damage tothe host plants. In this study, the mycelial compatibility of different M. phaseolina isolates was investigated. From 2019 to 2021, 12 sunflower samples were collected from different regions of the Carpathian Basin, 9 samples from Hungary, 1 sample from Austria, and 2 samples from Slovakia. The genetic variability of the pathogen is a critical problem in plant protection. Two compatible pathogen strains can easily exchange their genetic material for each other, which can lead to the development of resistance. All collected samples (12) were tested to examine their compatibility. Isolates from all tested samples were paired with isolates from all other samples thus, a total of 66 pairings were made. During the examinations of mycelial compatibility, only 20 pairs of all possible pairings were found to be incompatible, and all others (46) were found to be compatible.
Early evaluation of use of fermented chicken manure products in practice of apple nutrient management
Authors: Tóth Florence Alexandra , Tamás János , Nagy Péter Tamás
Published: May 2022

According to the Green Deal efforts, the importance and relevance of organic fertilization will increase in the near future. Therefore, the investigation of the effects of different organic fertilizers on soil productivity and nutrient supply is a priority area of agricultural research. Organic fertilizer experiment was conducted in an eight-year-old apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard at Debrecen-Pallag. In the trial Pinova cultivar was used. In this study, two different fermented chicken manure products were added to the soil (in 20 cm depth) to test their effects on soil nutrient status, plant uptake and fruit quality. It was found that the applied treatments slightly increased the pH and nutrient levels in almost all cases, but significant effect was not observed in all treatments compared to the control. Leaf nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) were measured in the experiment. Leaf nutrient status was not affected by the fermented chicken manure treatments. However, used treatments had strong effects on the fruit characteristics and inner parameters, such as fruit diameter and Brix value. Moreover, it was established that the applied organic fertilizers increased the yield significantly.
Literacy-Based Islamic Cultural History Learning at Islamic Elementary School
Authors: Faidah Nurotul , Maarif Muhammad Anas
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this article is to discuss the planning, implementation, and evaluation of literacy-based Islamic Cultural History learning at Madrash Ibtidaiyah/ Islamic Elementary School (MI) Tarbiyatul Ulum Pengampon Menganti Gresik. This article uses qualitative research with a case study approach. Sources of data are obtained from primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and verification/drawing conclusions. While the data validity technique uses the criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The results of this study are literacy-based Islamic Cultural History learning at MI Tarbiyatul Ulum Pengampon Menganti Gresik carried out in three stages, 1) Planning in the form of making Learning Implementation Plans tailored to student needs, 2) Learning implementation which is divided into three stages namely preliminary activities, core activities, and closing activities. In the core activities using various literacy-based methods and media, namely Lecture, Mind Mapping, Audio Visual and Reading Corner, 3) Learning evaluation is carried out covering three domains, namely affective, cognitive and psychomotor.
انموذج لتقويم النتاجات الفنية لطلبة قسم التربية الاسرية والمهن الفنية في مادة النجارة
Authors: Prof. Dr. Hussein Mohamed Ali Saqi
Published: May 2022

يهد ف البحث الحالي الى بناء استمارة تقويم لآجزاء و خطوات نتاجات الطلبة في قسم التربية الاسرية والمهن الفنية .وتضمن الفصل الاول مشكلة البحث حاول الباحث الاجابة عن كيفية بناء انموذج تقويم النتاجات الفنية لطلبة قسم التربية الاسرية والمهن الفنية في مادة النجارة .واهمية البحث والهدف ثم حدود البحث وتحديد المصطلحات الواردة في عنوانه .

      اما الفصل الثاني شمل مبحثا عن التقويم وعن النجارة والفصل الثالث يحتوي اجراءات البحث وعن مجتمع البحث المتكون من طلبة قسم التربية الاسرية والمهن الفنية وكيفية اختيار العينة . وبناء الاداة وصدقها والثبات ثم التقويم . وتوصلت الدراسة الى عدة نتائج منها

    وتظهر النتيجة ان درجات تقويم النتاجات الفنية لاعمال النجارة بهذا المستوى يعد مقبولا الى هذا الحد يعد مستوى جيد .وان طالب المرحلة الثالثة في قسم التربية الاسرية والمهن الفنية يدرس مادة مبادىء النجارة في المرحلة الثانية, والنجارة المتقدمة في المرحلة الثالثة ,فضلا عن ان هذا التقدير تراه الباحث جيدا لكون الطلبة مبتدئين في مجال فنون الاخشاب وليسوا نجارين محترفين.

     واهم الاستنتاجات بالامكان تعلم مهارات النجارة وتقنياتها امرا ممكنا في ظل توفر اسلوب ناجح وتهيئة الظروف المناسبة .فضلاعن التوصيات والمقترحات وقائمة المصادر.

وتضمنت الملاحق باسماء الخبراء والاستمارة النهائية لتحليل النتاجات الفنية .
Solving Electromagnetic Scattering Problems with Tens of Billions of Unknowns Using GPU Accelerated Massively Parallel MLFMA
Authors: He Wei-Jia , Yang Zeng , Huang Xiao-Wei , Wang Wu , Yang Minglin , Sheng Xin-Qing
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a massively
parallel approach of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (PMLFMA) on
graphics processing unit (GPU) heterogeneous platform, noted as GPU-PMLFMA, is
presented for solving extremely large electromagnetic scattering problems
involving tens of billions of unknowns, In this approach, the flexible and
efficient ternary partitioning scheme is employed at first to partition the
MLFMA octree among message passing interface (MPI) processes. Then the
computationally intensive parts of the PMLFMA on each MPI process, matrix
filling, aggregation and disaggregation, etc., are accelerated by using the
GPU. Different parallelization strategies in coincidence with the ternary parallel
MLFMA approach are designed for GPU to ensures
a high computational throughput. Special memory
usage strategy is designed to improve the computational efficiency and benefit
data re-using. The CPU/GPU asynchronous computing pattern is designed with the
OpenMP and CUDA respectively for accelerating the CPU and GPU execution parts
and computation time overlapped. GPU architecture-based optimization strategies
are implemented to further improve the computational efficiency. Numerical
results demonstrate that the proposed GPU-PMLFMA can achieve over 3 times speed-up,
compared with the 8-threaded conventional PMLFMA.
Solutions of scattering by electrically large and
complicated objects with about 24000 wavelengths and over 41.8 billion
unknowns, are presented.
UNR-IDD: Intrusion Detection Dataset using Network Port Statistics
Authors: Das Tapadhir , Abu Hamdan Osama , Shukla Raj , Sengupta Shamik , Arslan Engin
Published: May 2022

With the expanded applications of modern-day networking, network infrastructures are at risk from cyber attacks and intrusions. Multiple datasets have been proposed in literature that can be used to create Machine Learning (ML) based Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS). However, many of these datasets suffer from sub-optimal performance and do not adequately represent all types of intrusions in an effective manner. Another problem with these datasets is the low accuracy of tail classes. To address these issues, in this paper, we propose the University of Nevada - Reno Intrusion Detection Dataset (UNR-IDD) that provides researchers with a wider range of samples and scenarios. The proposed dataset utilizes network port statistics for more fine-grained control and analysis of intrusions. We provide a benchmark to show efficient performance for both binary and multi-class classification tasks using different ML algorithms. The paper further explains the intrusion detection activities rather than providing a generic black-box output of the ML algorithms. In comparison with the other established NIDS datasets, we obtain better performance with an Fµ score of 94% and a minimum F score of 86%. This performance can be credited to prioritizing high scoring average and minimum F-Measure scores for modeled intrusions.

This manuscript has been accepted for publication in 2023 IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference.
UNR-IDD: Intrusion Detection Dataset using Network Port Statistics
Authors: Das Tapadhir , Abu Hamdan Osama , Shukla Raj , Sengupta Shamik , Arslan Engin
Published: May 2022

With the expanded applications of modern-day networking, network infrastructures are at risk from cyber attacks and intrusions. Multiple datasets have been proposed in literature that can be used to create Machine Learning (ML) based Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS). However, many of these datasets suffer from sub-optimal performance and do not adequately represent all types of intrusions in an effective manner. Another problem with these datasets is the low accuracy of tail classes. To address these issues, in this paper, we propose the University of Nevada - Reno Intrusion Detection Dataset (UNR-IDD) that provides researchers with a wider range of samples and scenarios. The proposed dataset utilizes network port statistics for more fine-grained control and analysis of intrusions. We provide a benchmark to show efficient performance for both binary and multi-class classification tasks using different ML algorithms. The paper further explains the intrusion detection activities rather than providing a generic black-box output of the ML algorithms. In comparison with the other established NIDS datasets, we obtain better performance with an Fµ score of 96% and a minimum F score of 93%. This performance can be credited to prioritizing high scoring average and minimum F-Measure scores for modeled intrusions.
Design and Analysis of a New Undergraduate Computer Engineering Curriculum – A Methodological Approach Serving The Future of Dynamically Changing Workplace
Authors: Badawy Wael
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a methodological approach to restructure programs to comply with the NARS-2018, the current marketplace requirement, the projected dynamically changing workplace and international universities' partnerships. It demonstrates a new computer engineering curricula design in response to the updated national needs. In 2018, a new proposal from NATIONAL ACADEMIC REFERENCE STANDARDS (NARS-2018) restructured engineering degrees, including Computer Engineering, among others. A transformation from 180 Credit hours with 165 Credit hours for a four-year degree beyond a first-year “preparation year” in engineering. The new market prediction of domination of Artificial Intelligence application in the industry by 2030. However, there is a lower level of adoption. The slower adoption presents a challenge for a curriculum design as we aim to stabilize the course offering and generate market-ready students while being dynamic enough to produce graduates with knowledge for an active marketplace once AI-related graduates are considered after from the industry.
Klímaadaptív gyepgazdálkodás a városban
Authors: Csizmadia Dóra
Published: May 2022

A klímaváltozás mellett sokszor háttérbe szorul korunk másik fenyegető katasztrófája, a természetes élőhelyek és és a fajok számának rohamos csökkenése. Az ENSZ az ökoszisztéma helyreállítását nevezte meg az emberiség számára az évtized legfontosabb feladataként, s ebben a küzdelemben egyre inkább felértékelődnek a városi zöldfelületek, melyek számos honos faj számára utolsó menedékként szolgálhatnak.Az elmúlt években Magyarországon is érezhetővé vált a fokozódó igény a természetalapú megoldások iránt mind szakmai, mind lakossági oldalról. Az ökologikus gyepgazdálkodás látványos eleme a városi zöldfelületek jelenleg zajló arculatváltásának. Ennek a technológiának a fontosságát, alkalmazási feltételeit és példáit ismerteti a “Klímaadaptív gyepgazdálkodás a városban“ című kiadvány, melynek szerzői Dr. Báthoryné Nagy Ildikó Réka és Dr. Gergely Attila, a Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem Tájépítészeti, Településtervezési és Díszkertészeti Intézetének kutatói, Bálint Krisztina és Pap Miklós László tájépítész PhD hallgatók valamint Pernesz Kata tájépítészmérnök, a Veszprémi Közüzemi Szolgáltató Zrt. parkfenntartási csoportvezetője. A látványos, közérthető és tudományos igényű kiadvány egyszerre nyújt információt a szakmabeliek, döntéshozók és az érdeklődő lakosok számára.A könyv kellő teret ad a szakmai alapok felépítésére: első fele a városi klíma sajátosságainak, valamint a zöldfelületek és a városi gyepek jelentőségének bemutatására fókuszál. Ennek során jól érthető, szakmailag alátámasztott választ ad számos, a városi természetes gyepekkel kapcsolatban felmerülő kérdésre. A kiadvány fontos érdeme, hogy a médiában és szakmai fórumokon is egyre gyakrabban, számos néven említett gyeptípusokra tiszta nevezéktant kínál.A kiadvány következő egységében a magyar jó gyakorlat bemutatásának nemzetközi példák ágyaznak meg, melyek érzékeltetik a gyepek sokoldalú települési hasznosíthatóságát. A magyar esettanulmányok gerincét az egyetem és Veszprém városának együttműködésében, annak zöldfelületein zajló “Vadvirágos Veszprém“ projekt 2016 és 2020 közötti tapasztalatainak bemutatása adja.A szerzők jelzik a célirányú szaktudás szükségességét a projekttervezés és -kivitelezés során, ezért nem is céljuk részletes botanikai eredmények bemutatása. A projektösszefoglaló olyan gyakorlati tapasztalatokat és eredményeket összegez a biodiverzitás növekedésről és a zöldfelületfenntartás módszereiről és költségeiről, melyek más települések számára inspirációt és segítséget nyújthatnak saját gyepesítési stratégiájuk beindításához.A szerzők túllépnek a szakmai megvalósítás lépéseinek ismertetésén és számos módszert, eszközt mutatnak be az ismeretterjesztés és közösségi bevonás lehetőségeire. A jövőben minden bizonnyal maga a kiadvány is fontos mediációs eszköze lesz a klímaadaptív gyepgazdálkodás sikeres kommunikációjának.
Leadership Skills and Organizational Productivity in Nigeria
Authors: Adiela Joy Lucky , Amah Amah , Edwinah Edwinah , Friday Okocha Belemenanya
Published: May 2022

The principle point of each organization is to support competitive advantage and viewed as compelling between the requests of different partners and the needs of the employees. Leadership is defined as the ability to articulate a vision, persuade people to achieve outcomes, promote teamwork, and set an example. This study examined transformational leadership and skills which promotes autonomy, fosters relevance, accountable and self-aware on the other hand organizational productivity was also examined and factors like motivation, commitment, innovation/ creativity and profitability were discussed. Literature review method was employed to gather relevant information concerning leadership and organizational productivity. The study concluded that there is positive relationship between leadership skills and productivity in the organization. The study therefore recommended that leaders should learn how to manage relationships and communicate with subordinates /employees freely by valuing their talents and contributions they make to the organization.
Adolescence Sexuality and Fertility in Nigeria
Authors: Josephine Bob-Manuel Benibo , Goodluck Dr. Azuonwu
Published: May 2022

Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical, emotional, and cognitive human development occurring before the onset of puberty and ending by adulthood. Sexuality, the expression of interest, orientation, and preference, is a normal part of adolescence. Adolescent sexuality encompasses multiple factors, such as developing intimate partnerships, gender identity, sexual orientation, religion, and culture. Adolescent sexuality has changed over the past 50 years, with adolescents now reaching physical maturity earlier and marrying later. Puberty marks the obvious physical development in early to middle adolescence and is seen as the time for potential onset of sexual thoughts and experimentation. Mostly, legislation does not explicitly criminalize consensual sexual conduct between adolescents, and this leaves a gray area to be filled in by social and cultural norms that perceive adolescent sexual conduct negatively. Most state concentrate more on penalty than on initiatives to tackle the structural background of sexual inter course-related harms. Focusing on increasing access to youth friendly services that respect adolescents’ rights to health services and privacy will be important to ensure that adolescents seek and receive these services.
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Palate: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Bouchra Dr. Dani , Hamid Dr. Olaya , Habimana Dr. Alain Francois , Malik Pr. Boulaadas
Published: May 2022

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the epithelial salivary gland neoplasm of the oral cavity. The most common pathological type for the salivary gland tumors of the head and neck was mucoepidermoid carcinoma. In our work, we report a case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma observed in a 50-year-old man. Clinically, he presented the ulcer-budding tumor of the soft palate, movable relative to the deep plan measuring 2,5 cm. The diagnosis was based on clinical, radiological and pathological arguments. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice in combination with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Frictional Resistance in Orthodontics -A Review
Authors: Mamatha B , Nashiroddin Mohammed , Ch Lalitha , Kumar Srinivas , Naidu Venkata , Fatima Sumayya
Published: May 2022

This article reviews the frictional resistance of archwires based on the cross section, microscopic structure and stiffness. Bracket factors like slot width and depth and material influencing friction. Different types of ligation influencing friction. Role of saliva, biofilm and wire bracket combinations on friction. Friction in wire, bracket and ligation combination.
Aggression is an Emotional Reaction
Authors: Franjić Siniša
Published: May 2022

Aggression is a behavior which is basically intended to cause harm, to injure someone physically or mentally. The basis of an aggressive urge is the internal physical and mental state. It appears with a feeling of anger and hostility; in frustrating situations when a physical or verbal threat or possible attack is felt.
Improvement in some Reproductive Parameters of Male Wistar Rats Administered with Leaf Extract of Eugenia uniflora
Authors: Nkpurukwe Constance I. , Obiandu Chibuike , Owhorji Bright I. , Opubo Abiye Tamuno- , Obiandu Adesua C. , Okari Karibo
Published: May 2022

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of hydro-methanol leaf extract of Eugenia uniflora on lead-induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. The male rats used for the study were divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each. Group I was the negative control group which received no treatment. Group II was the positive control which received 5 mg/kg BW Lead daily, while Group III received 5 mg/kg BW of Lead and 200mg/kg BW of extract., Group IV received 5 mg/kg BW of Lead and 400mg/kg BW of extract and group V received 5 mg/kg BW of Lead and 800mg/kg BW of extract. The administration was by oral gavage once daily for 30 days. At the end, animals were sacrificed under light chloroform anesthesia. Blood samples were collected into plain bottles for hormonal assay. The epidydimis was located with a small incision on the abdomen and semen sample was collected for analysis of sperm parameters. The data was analysed by applying one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the SPSS version 23 software. Results of this study showed that extract of Eugenia uniflora significantly increased the level of serum testosterone and the percentages of viable sperm cells, sperm cells with normal morphology and actively motile sperm cells as well as, sperm count. The extract ameliorated lead induced reproductive toxicity. The result therefore, show that the extract improves sperm quality and quantity and protects the male reproductive function from the hazardous effect of environmental toxicants such as lead.
Knowledge on Basic Life Support and Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Among Medical Professionals
Authors: Juliet Gnana Nisha , Bala Chandan , Jayabharathy Jayabharathy , Jayaiswarya Jayaiswarya , Anusha Kuppam Venkat
Published: May 2022

The health care professionals are an essential part of the life-saving system. Basic life support includes the crucial components such as Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation with automated external defibrillator (AED) which helps to restore the heart’s rhythm and breathing. There have been many studies that have shown that health care professionals are lacking knowledge of BLS and AED use. The purpose of this study was to assess BLS and AED knowledge among medical staffs and students in a private college and hospital. Only theoretical knowledge was examined using a questionnaire with 20 multiple choice questions relating to BLS abilities and a sample size of 862 people over the course of four months. The mean score for the study participants was 13.91±3.98. The major findings of this study show there is a statistically significant difference in the mean score with the departments of the respondents. As a result, the majority of them lack proper CPR knowledge, which can be improved through proper CPR training and education.
Healthcare Costs and Resource Use Associated With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Conization: A Retrospective Study of German Statutory Health Insurance Claims Data
Authors: Stephan Anna-Janina , Reuschenbach Miriam , Saxena Kunal , Prabhu Vimalanand S. , Jacob Christian , Schneider Kim M. , Greiner Wolfgang , Wölle Regine , Hampl Monika
Published: May 2022

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) can be a consequence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. High-grade CIN (CIN2/CIN3) may develop from persistent HPV infection and progress to cervical cancer if left untreated. Management of CIN includes conservative surveillance or ablation and excision by conization. Internationally, CIN and its treatment generate a considerable economic burden, but no current data regarding costs and resource use from the perspective of the German statutory health insurance exist.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the health economic burden in women with CIN diagnoses who either underwent cervical conization or were managed conservatively.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective claims data analysis using the InGef Research Database from 2013 to 2018. Healthcare costs and resource utilization in a 24-month observation period (1:1:1 matching) were compared in 18- to 45-year-old women with CIN (1-3) who underwent a conization procedure (study cohort 1) and in women with CIN (1-3) who did not undergo conization (study cohort 2) to women with neither CIN nor conization (control group).

Results: For each group, 2749 women were identified. Mean total healthcare costs after 24 months were higher in study cohort 1 (€4446, P<.01) and study cohort 2 (€3754, P=.09) compared with the control group (€3426). Comparing study cohort 1 and 2 to controls, mean differences were highest in age groups 41-45 years (cohort 1: €5115 vs €3354, P<.01; cohort 2: €4152 vs €3354, P=.14). Significantly more women were hospitalized at least once in study cohort 1 (57.46%, P<.01) and study cohort 2 (38.74%, P<.01) compared with the control group (31.14%). Frequency of outpatient physician visits was significantly higher in both study cohorts (43.23 visits, P<.01 and 38.60 visits, P<.01) compared with the control group (32.07 visits).

Conclusion: Our results revealed 30% and 10% increased total healthcare costs in women with CIN undergoing invasive treatment (study cohort 1) and conservative management (study cohort 2), respectively, compared with a control group of women with no CIN in a 2-year follow-up period.
Healthcare Costs and Resource Use Associated With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Conization: A Retrospective Study of German Statutory Health Insurance Claims Data
Authors: Stephan Anna-Janina , Reuschenbach Miriam , Saxena Kunal , Prabhu Vimalanand , Jacob Christian , Schneider Kim , Greiner Wolfgang , Wölle Regine , Hampl Monika
Published: May 2022

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) can be a consequence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. High-grade CIN (CIN2/CIN3) may develop from persistent HPV infection and progress to cervical cancer if left untreated. Management of CIN includes conservative surveillance or ablation and excision by conization. Internationally, CIN and its treatment generate a considerable economic burden, but no current data regarding costs and resource use from the perspective of the German statutory health insurance exist.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the health economic burden in women with CIN diagnoses who either underwent cervical conization or were managed conservatively.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective claims data analysis using the InGef Research Database from 2013 to 2018. Healthcare costs and resource utilization in a 24-month observation period (1:1:1 matching) were compared in 18- to 45-year-old women with CIN (1-3) who underwent a conization procedure (study cohort 1) and in women with CIN (1-3) who did not undergo conization (study cohort 2) to women with neither CIN nor conization (control group).

Results: For each group, 2749 women were identified. Mean total healthcare costs after 24 months were higher in study cohort 1 (€4446, _P_<.01) and study cohort 2 (€3754, _P_=.09) compared with the control group (€3426). Comparing study cohort 1 and 2 to controls, mean differences were highest in age groups 41-45 years (cohort 1: €5115 vs €3354, _P_<.01; cohort 2: €4152 vs €3354, _P_=.14). Significantly more women were hospitalized at least once in study cohort 1 (57.46%, _P_<.01) and study cohort 2 (38.74%, _P_<.01) compared with the control group (31.14%). Frequency of outpatient physician visits was significantly higher in both study cohorts (43.23 visits, P<.01 and 38.60 visits, _P_<.01) compared with the control group (32.07 visits).

Conclusion: Our results revealed 30% and 10% increased total healthcare costs in women with CIN undergoing invasive treatment (study cohort 1) and conservative management (study cohort 2), respectively, compared with a control group of women with no CIN in a 2-year follow-up period.