bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İKNA EDİCİ İLETİŞİM TEKNİĞİ OLARAK TEK YANLI VE İKİ YANLI SUNUMUN KRİZ YÖNETİMİ SÜRECİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: ARKLAN Ümit , KARTAL Nurullah Zafer
Published: February 2018

Birçok yapının entegre bir biçimde
eylemlerini gerçekleştirmekte olduğu günümüz toplumlarında, bir yapıda meydana
gelen değişim diğer yapılara da sirayet ederek, işleyiş süreçlerini etkileyebilme
yeteneğine sahiptir. Etkileşimin doğrudan, yoğun ve olumsuz olduğu durumlar,
kuruluşlar için sadece farklı sorun alanları oluşturmakla kalmamakta, kimi zaman
çok daha ileri boyutlara vararak kriz halini almaktadır. Sistemli ve bilinçli
bir biçimde yönetilmeyi gerektiren, bu bağlamda da etkili bir kriz iletişimini hayati
kılan kriz dönemlerinde dikkat edilecek başlıca hususlardan birisi, medya ve
diğer hedef kitlelerle yakın temas sağlanırken, aktarılacak bilgilerde
izlenilecek yol ve kullanılacak tekniklerdir. Kurumsal yapı duruma göre, tek
yanlı bilgi aktarımını tercih edebileceği gibi, iki yanlı bilgilendirme sürecini
de yeğleyebilir. Bu çalışmada hangi durumlarda tek yanlı sunumun, hangilerinde
ise iki yanlı sunumun uygun olacağı retoriksel tasarım çerçevesinde
değerlendirilmektedir. Tüm bu değerlendirmeler yapılırken, seçilecek yollarda
krizin türünün, boyutunun, faaliyet gösterilen sektörel yapının, hedef
kitledeki algının ve krize yaklaşım tarzının hangi oranda, nasıl bir
belirleyici etkiye sahip olduğu bağlamından hareket edilmektedir. Sonuç olarak tek
yanlı sunumun, eğitim düzeyi düşük ve tek kanaldan bilgilenen hedef kitle için
kısa süreli etki yaratılmak istendiğinde devreye sokulmasının, diğer durumlarda
ise iki yanlı sunumun kriz dönemlerinde iletişim tekniği olarak kullanılmasının
uygun olduğu yönündeki sonuçlar gerekçeleriyle birlikte ortaya konulmaktadır.
ENFORMEL BİR İŞ VE İSTİHDAM ALANI OLARAK YAŞLI BAKICILIĞI: YAŞLI YAKINLARI İLE BAKICI İLİŞKİLERİNDE YAŞANAN SORUNLAR
Authors: ÖZKUL Metin , KALAYCI İşıl
Published: February 2018

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de gittikçe görünürlüğü artan bir sorun haline gelen
yaşlılık olgusunun genellikle ihmal edilen yaşlı bakımı ve bakıcılığına dikkat
çekmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yaşlı bakımıyla ilgili hizmetler, gittikçe artan bir
şekilde enformel bir istihdam alanı haline gelmektedir. Yaşlı bakımına yönelik
hizmet alımı ya da bakıcı istihdamına yönelik talep yoğunlaşması arttıkça
işveren konumundaki yaşlı yakınları ile iş gören konumundaki bakıcılar
arasındaki ilişkilerde, çeşitli sorunlar/mağduriyetler ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Çalışma; nitel teknikle bir grup denek üzerinden elde edilen verilere
dayandırılmış ve  yaşlı bakıcıları ve aile üyeleri arasında yaşanan bu
sorunlar ve yaşanan mağduriyetler saptamaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma grubunu
oluşturan ve enformel yaşlı bakıcılığı hizmetinden yararlanan 15 yaşlı yakını
ile yaşlı bakıcılığı yapan 15 bireyle görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşmeler ses
kayıt cihazıyla kaydedilmiş ve veriler metne dönüştürülmüştür. Araştırma
sonucunda belli başlı bulgular olarak; yaşlı yakınları ve bakıcıları arasında
bakıcıya ulaşma, sosyal haklar, iş tanımının belirsizliği, bakım yükü ve eğitim
düzeyinin yetersizliğine bağlı sorunlar saptanmıştır.
Determinants of Voluntary HIV/AIDS Counseling and Testing among Community College Students in the United States
Authors: Anwuri, PhD George Chidi , Dunn, PhD Michael S , Schulze, Ed.D Frederick
Published: February 2018

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing remains the best public health preventive strategy in the fight against HIV/AIDS. We assessed the factors that determined voluntary counseling and screening/testing for HIV among college students.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a purposeful sample of 189 college students was analyzed using three health belief model (HBM) variables as the theoretical framework.Results: All the HBM variables were positively associated with intention to test for HIV, and with perceived benefits (p = 0.023) having the strongest association.Conclusion and Global Health Implications: The results of this study underscore the important factors that predict intention to screen for HIV among college students. Understanding the factors that influence intention for HIV testing is useful in formulating public health policies and in the design of programs and interventions aimed at increasing the number of people who get tested for HIV.Key words: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) • HIV Testing • Risky Sexual Behavior • Health Belief Model • HIV Counseling • HIV Screening© 2017 Anwuri et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Progresses and Challenges of Utilizing Traditional Birth Attendants in Maternal and Child Health in Nigeria
Authors: Amutah-Onukagha, PhD, MPH Ndidiamaka , Rodriguez, MPH Monica , Opara, MPH, MSW Ijeoma , Gardner, MPH Michelle , Assan, BS Maame Araba , Hammond, MPH Rodney , Plata, BS Jesus , Pierre, BS Kimberly , Farag, BS Ehsan
Published: February 2018

Background and Objectives: Despite advances in modern healthcare, Traditional Birth Attendants (TBA) have continued to be heavily utilized in rural communities in Nigeria. Major disparities in maternal health care in Nigeria remain present despite the goal of the United Nations Millennium Development Goal to reduce maternal mortality by 2015. The objective of this study is to review the contribution of TBAs in the birthing process in Nigeria, and to examine barriers and opportunities for utilizing TBAs in improving maternal and child health outcomes in Nigeria. Methods: A literature review of two major electronic databases was conducted using the PRISMA framework to identify English language studies conducted between 2006 and 2016. Inclusion criteria included articles that examined the role of traditional birth attendants as a factor influencing maternal health in Nigeria. Results: The value of TBAs has not been fully examined as few studies have aimed to examine its potential role in reducing maternal mortality with proper training. Eight manuscripts that were examined highlighted the role of TBAs in maternal health including outcomes of utilizing trained versus non-trained TBAs. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Specific areas of training for TBAs that were identified and recommended in review including: recognizing delivery complications, community support for TBA practices through policy, evaluation of TBA training programs and increasing collaboration between healthcare facilities and TBAs. Policies focused on improving access to health services and importantly, formal health education training to TBAs, are required to improve maternal health outcomes and underserved communities. Key words: Maternal and Child Health in Nigeria • Traditional birth attendant • Training • Birthing process © 2017 Amutah-Onukagha et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
The Effect of Health Insurance on Institutional Delivery in Indonesia
Authors: Mukhlisa Mazda Novi , Pujiyanto Pujiyanto
Published: February 2018

AbstractInstitutional delivery has an impact on the decline in maternal mortality rate. In Indonesia, institutional delivery increases every year, but there are still 30%-37% mothers who deliver at home. Unfortunately, the increase is not in line with maternal mortality reduction, so that Indonesia does not achieve the fifth MDGs goal. To achieve Universal Health Coverage, Indonesia implements National Health Insurance (NHI). NHI integrates four types of health insurance, namely Askes/ASABRI, Jamsostek, Jamkesmas and Jamkesda. One of its benefits is maternal health services. Health insurance can address financial barriers on delivery in health facility. By using secondary data of National Basic Health Research 2013 and Village Potential 2011 data, this study aimed to analyze effect of health insurance on institutional delivery in Indonesia. Samples were 39,942 women aged 15-49 years old who gave birth to their last child during 2010-2013. The study used econometric approach by applying probit and bivariate probit as estimation model to estimate the effect with consideration to endogeneity issue of health insurance. The results found that health insurance was likely to increase institutional delivery by 39.52%. In conclusion, women who have health insurance prefer to deliver birth at health facility compared to those who do not have health insurance.AbstrakPemanfaatan pelayanan persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan berdampak pada menurunnya angka kematian ibu (AKI). Di Indonesia, persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya, tetapi masih terdapat sekitar 30% ibu yang bersalin di rumah. Sayangnya, peningkatan pemanfaatan pelayanan persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan tersebut tidak diimbangi dengan penurunan AKI, sehingga Indonesia tidak berhasil mencapai target MDGs. Untuk mencapai Universal Health Coverage, Indonesia mengimplementasikan program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang mengintegrasikan empat jaminan kesehatan, yaitu Askes/ASABRI, Jamsostek, Jamkesmas, dan Jamkesda. Jaminan kesehatan dapat mengatasi kendala biaya pada persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan. Dengan menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013 dan data Potensi Desa 2011 sebagai sumber data, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bahwa kepemilikan jaminan kesehatan meningkatkan pemanfaatan pelayanan persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan di Indonesia. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 39.942 perempuan berusia 15-49 tahun yang melahirkan anak terakhir dalam periode waktu 2010-2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ekonometri dengan model estimasi probit dan bivariat probit untuk mengestimasi efek jaminan kesehatan dengan mempertimbangkan isu endogenitas pada jaminan kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan jaminan kesehatan meningkatkan persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan sebesar 39,52%. Sebagai kesimpulan, ibu yang memiliki jaminan kesehatan akan lebih memanfaatkan fasilitas kesehatan saat persalinan dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tidak memiliki jaminan kesehatan.
Una tregua para la administración concursal
Authors: González Navarro Blas. A
Published: February 2018

Es cierto que el Derecho sigue a la vida, que la realidad precede a la norma; pero también ocurre en ocasiones que, al contemplar los fenómenos que precisan de regulación, el legislador recibe empellones, presiones para regular y para hacerlo de determinada manera, de modo que, llevado por esa corriente parece que irresistible, no examina la realidad de forma sosegada y ponderada, sino prácticamente de reojo. Las recientes modificaciones introducidas en la Ley Concursal (LC) en lo que hace al estatuto de la administración concursal española son un buen ejemplo: con una justificación cierta y objetiva, como era la de abordar aspectos claramente mejorables del sistema de nombramiento o retribución de los administradores concursales, se ha acabado por construir un sistema de tal agresividad hacia este tipo de profesionales que, sin duda, favorecerá su huida de los concursos, produciendo el indeseado efecto de expulsión de los mejores.
Propuesta de reforma del régimen jurídico del auditor de cuentas
Authors: Velasco Fabra Guillermo
Published: February 2018

La Ley de Sociedades de Capital establece en la Exposición de Motivos que nace “con decidida voluntad de provisionalidad”. Por tanto, para la tramitación parlamentaria de la Propuesta de Código Mercantil de 2013 o el futuro Código de las Sociedades Mercantiles (e incluso para una reforma puntual de la Ley de Sociedades de Capital) convendría introducir una serie de reformas para que el régimen jurídico de la verificación de las cuentas anuales alcance el máximo grado de perfección.
El derecho de oposición de los acreedores en la fusión de sociedades mercantiles
Authors: Bermúdez Madrigal Julio
Published: February 2018

Una fusión es el proceso a través del cual dos o más sociedades mercantiles inscritas se integran en una única sociedad, pudiendo existir ya o a través de la creación de una nueva. Esto se hace a través de la transmisión a título universal a la nueva sociedad, o a la sociedad adquirente, de ambos patrimonios atribuyendo a los socios de las antiguas sociedades las acciones, participaciones o cuotas de la sociedad resultante (ex. art. 22 LME). El procedimiento y los requisitos necesarios para llevar a cabo una fusión vienen previstos en nuestro Ordenamiento en la LME. Aun siendo éstos muy numerosos y de gran importancia, en el presente artículo nos centraremos en el derecho que ostentan los acreedores de cada una de las sociedades que se fusionan a oponerse al proceso en un plazo determinado, ya que en muchos casos la tutela de éstos puede impedir la formalización de la fusión, por lo que es un aspecto muy a tener en cuenta.
La constitución de garantías en la financiación de proyectos de infraestructuras
Authors: Bermúdez Madrigal Julio
Published: February 2018

La financiación de proyectos de infraestructuras (en adelante “FP”) en determinados sectores tales como la energía, los transportes o las telecomunicaciones tiene una gran relevancia social debido al impacto económico, jurídico y social que generan. Esta fórmula de financiación se emplea para la construcción y puesta en marcha de activos productivos que tienen asegurada la generación de ingresos a partir de su explotación comercial, bien por ley o por disposición contractual.
El Anteproyecto de Código Mercantil en sus previsiones sobre las cartas de patrocinio
Authors: Espigares Huete José Carlos
Published: February 2018

Todo el mundo sabe lo que son las “cartas de patrocinio”: y nadie sabe lo que son. No se nos ocurre mejor fórmula para expresar una realidad ciertamente desconcertante. El caso es especialmente comprometido porque la relevancia práctica de tal desconcierto es muy significativa y con efectos que van más allá de nuestras fronteras. Dos nuevas resoluciones han despertado el interés por la cuestión pretérita (STS de 28 de julio de 2015, RJ\2015\4899 y STS de 26 de diciembre de 2014, RJ\2014\6828).
La derivación de responsabilidad en la venta de unidades productivas en sede concursal
Authors: Armijo Pliego Ana
Published: February 2018

Mucho se ha escrito en relación con la sucesión empresarial a efectos laborales y de la Seguridad Social en la venta de unidades productivas en sede concursal, problemática –que lejos de estar resuelta– sigue generando, en la actualidad, numerosas controversias, lo que aboca a una gran inseguridad jurídica y, en fin, a la ineficacia de un mecanismo que pretendía fomentar la viabilidad de empresas más allá de la liquidación. La intención de este artícul es ofrecer un resumen de las posturas mantenidas por nuestros tribunales y esbozar el estado de la cuestión.
El régimen simplificado para pequeños contribuyentes (“Monotributo”) ante la eliminación de las Sociedades de Hecho en el Derecho Tributario Argentino
Authors: Suozzi Leonel Alejandro
Published: February 2018

La consolidación del nuevo Código Civil y Comercial Argentino trajo como consecuencia variadas reformas en el ámbito del derecho comercial de ese país sin prever totalmente los colaterales efectos en otras ramas del derecho. En tal sentido, la modificación a la Ley 19.550, Ley de Sociedades Comerciales hoy denominada “Ley General de Sociedades” eliminó a las antiguas denominaciones “Sociedades Irregulares” y “Sociedades de Hecho” para pasar a regular a las sociedades no regularmente constituidas como “Sociedades de la Sección IV del capítulo I de la Ley General de Sociedades”. En este sentido, más allá de las modificaciones en materia comercial para este tipo de entidades, vale analizar el impacto en el Derecho Tributario. La Ley 26.565 que regula al Régimen Simplificado para Pequeños Contribuyentes permite una adecuada simplificación de trámites y costos pertinentes a los efectos de que pequeñas explotaciones comerciales puedan dar cumplimiento a sus obligaciones fiscales y de la seguridad social sin tener que subordinarse a las complejas estructuras y deberes destinados para grandes empresas. Ahora bien, cabe preguntarse ¿Cómo y con qué alcance debe ser regulada una sociedad que pretenda asemejarse a las antiguas “Sociedades de Hecho” considerando que dicha denominación ha sido borrada de nuestro Derecho Societario?
Armonización y regulación de entidades de crédito y derechos del consumidor
Authors: Merchán Aparicio Carlos
Published: February 2018

Resumen: Este artículo analiza la regulación y supervisión por el Comité de Basilea (II y III) del sector bancario (BCE y BE) desde la perspectiva de protección del cliente bancario, la insolvencia y la concesión irresponsable de crédito hipotecario por parte de las entidades de crédito, agravada por la crisis económica y financiera. Abstract: This article analyzes the Supervision of Basilea (II and III) and the customer´ s perspective involving the BCE and the Bank of Spain in the solution to client protection that attempt to restore confidence in the banking system caused by irresponsible mortgage lending and the economic crisis. Palabras clave: Supervisión y regulación, BCE y BE, solvencia, crédito responsable, protección del cliente, consumidor. Key words: Supervision, BCE and BE, solvency, confidence in the banking system, client protection, consumer.
La segunda oportunidad y los acuerdos extrajudiciales de pago
Authors: Padrón Villalba Andrea
Published: February 2018

El beneficio de la exoneración del pasivo insatisfecho, comúnmente conocido como mecanismo de la segunda oportunidad, está regulado en el artículo 178 bis de la Ley Concursal y supone una de las modificaciones del derecho mercantil que merece un análisis en profundidad, principalmente por su carácter novedoso. Este mecanismo fue introducido por el artículo 1 del Real Decreto-ley 1/2015, de 27 de febrero, de mecanismo de segunda oportunidad, reducción de carga financiera y otras medidas de orden social y modificado posteriormente por la Ley 25/2015, de 28 de julio, de mecanismo de la segunda oportunidad. Supone todo un cambio en nuestro ordenamiento al establecer una excepción al principio de la responsabilidad patrimonial universal.
Las Novedosas Sociedades por Acciones Simplificadas en el Derecho Argentino: riesgos a la luz del sistema de prevención de lavado de activos
Authors: Suozzi Leonell
Published: February 2018

La consolidación de la Ley de Apoyo al Capital Emprendedor es un hito más en las intenciones de la República Argentina de fomentar el desarrollo productivo y la innovación, dejando atrás las problemáticas de los trámites burocráticos y los costos y demoras de deberes formales. Entre otros institutos, se creó un nuevo tipo societario para sumarse a los enumerados en la Ley General de Sociedades, denominado “Sociedad por Acciones Simplificada”. Este tipo implica la constitución y funcionamiento de sociedades unipersonales o pluripersonales sin mayores exigencias y en tiempo récord. Si bien demuestra ser una herramienta fundamental para los incipientes emprendedores de buena fe, manifiesta también serias dudas en lo que hace a un adecuado sistema de prevención de lavado de activos y financiamiento del terrorismo, atento a la posibilidad de crear múltiples firmas ficticias mediante las cuales desarrollar las maniobras en cuestión.
Antropološko proučavanje turizma
Authors: Kovačević Ivan , Banić-Grubišić Ana
Published: February 2018

In this paper, the authors follow the history of development of anthropology of tourism from the 1960s to the present. In addition to the distinct methodology (ethnographic field work), the essential aspect of anthropological study of tourism is an emphasis on the socio-cultural dimension of tourism. Within the anthropological research of tourism, the research interest is focused on understanding the social and cultural nature of tourism.
Lie as a Communication Model and Concepts of Lying in the Serbian Language and Culture
Authors: Bašić Ivana
Published: February 2018

A lie is a cultural and semiotic fact – as it exists only in the society where truthfulness is mandatory. Although lying has been negatively judged in various ethical and religious systems, under the certain circumstances, it has always been perceived even as ethical or at least permitted. In the contemporary society, together with various variants of truth, lying too has been relativised. We are witnesses, at present, of the change in the communication protocol; where lying has been permitted only in the sphere of arts and play, it begun to be permitted in the sphere of social reality. In fact, with the loss of concrete conceptions of reality and truth, blatant lies have become, according to reticent convention, permitted or have been mildly judged in the public or political discourse. The concepts of lying and the stance towards it in the Serbian language and culture have been changing with cultural and social changes. The original concept of lying in the Serbian language, as it has been the case in the majority of IE languages, was closely related to the concept of error and shortcoming as well as with a joke and shenanigans. In the conscience of general public, as it has been recorded in Serbian epic poetry and folk tales, lying has been labeled as something fantastic, a fiction, or jolly exuberance as well as witticism with positive connotations.  The research has shown that in the Serbian culture lying has a negative attribute, usually given to an archenemy or representatives of other nations, or a representative of the ruling class, or even a woman that symbolically represents a potential danger in a society with patriarchal worldview. A harmless joking lie that is told in entertainment purposes is peculiar for the members of the ‘own’ community. This concept of a liar as ’someone else’ could have roots in the Christian culture, where God is the guarantor of the truth while the archenemy (Devil) from within is the liar and the father of lies (Diablous mendax est et pater ejus.)  The concept of lying in the contemporary era has been labeled as “powerful Other” and is most commonly related with the media pictures that create a parallel and deceitful reality because of the various interests of the powerful lobby or groups (politicians, corporations, banks etc.) that are the archenemy of the populous or a helpless individual. The omnipresence of lying, and weakening of the definition of truth, in the contemporary society, leads to a paradoxical situation where the concept of lying may not exist in the future because the necessary presumption of its existence is in fact the social and communicational obligation of telling the truth.
Contexts in the Use of Terminology Šijak at South Slavs’ in the 18th and 19th Century
Authors: Šešum Uroš
Published: February 2018

The term Šijak was used in the 18th and 19th century among Serbs, as well as Croats, as a nickname for ethnically or linguistically related or identical, more or less distanced communities, which differed  at some points from the group that called them Šijaks. The nickname had been used among the Orthodox and Catholic Christians in Slavonia to mark the inhabitants of the surroundings of Slavonian Požega regardless of their religion, but also the people who used ikavski speech, while in Bačka and Srem, it signified those who used jekavski speech. In Western Serbia, it was used by the Herzegovian immigrants to mark the natives of ekavski speech, but also the inhabitants of the lowland agricultural villages. As a signifier of the inhabitants of the lowland agricultural villages, it was as well used in Eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina.    In Montenegro, Herzegovina, Old Herzegovina, Old Serbia, and South Morava Valley, it was used since the times of the First Serbian Uprising by the Muslims and Orthodox Christians as a name for Serbia residents. They were also in use among the Muslims in Old Serbia as a pejorative for Muslims from Bosnia and Herzegovina. The use of the nickname as a pejorative which the Catholics called Orthodox Christians in Bosnia remains questionable.
Bildungsroman of Postwar Generation as Work of Art of Yugoslav Popular TV Aesthetics – TV Series „Headless Rush“
Authors: Simeunović-Bajić Nataša
Published: February 2018

The aim of this paper is to identify the way in which the television TV series Grlom u jagode (Headless Rush) has become cult TV show and piece of popular TV aesthetics. It represents the daily life and social reality, as well as the construction of generational identity in the period of 1960-1969 in Yugoslavia. Headless Rush was produced in 1975 by Srđan Karanovic. It is an original project of a group of young people and a product of the Editorial Staff of the Second Belgrade TV Channel.

The paper starts from the assumption that television series as a specific TV discourse participate in the articulation of social practices in a complex political context, thereby significantly affecting the formation, evolution and understanding of the meaning of popular culture. The fact that the discursive field is very broad and very detailed is characteristic for the potential meanings of this series. It represents the attempt to grasp the whole maturation period of a young man in socialist Yugoslavia in the Balkans. This decade has been chosen on purpose because it was important in the growing up of the series’ crew and the other members on the set. Each episode is a comprehensive and complete narrative unit, related to events that took place in only one presented year. Each episode contains the same sentence: „Back in the 196...“ thereby chronologically pointing out to the significant world’s and Yugoslav historical events. Each episode follows the socialization of Bane Bumblebee primarily, and then that of his friends, girlfriends, his sister, as well as his periodical girlfriend Goca. Each episode combines factographies, documentaries, pseudo-factographies, in a narrative and fictional framework. Besides, there is something that might be called pseudo-documentary or out-of-film world in which the characters comment the story line in which they participate. All these elements and patterns create particular aesthetic world.
The Socio-Ontological Solipsism in the Work of Philip K. Dick
Authors: Žikić Bojan , Milenković Miloš , Sinani Danijel
Published: February 2018

An important feature of the work of one of the most influential science fiction writers of the last century, Philip Kindred Dick, is the manifestation of different experiences of reality by one or more actors – creating an impression among readers that it is possible to speak of several different planes of existence within a single narratively given reference frame. Contrary to other authors who have dealt with this problem, we do not interpret them in terms of parallel or alternative ontologically equal realities, but as ontologically different existential sources, which will, through narrative resolution, in most of Dick's work, pour into one social plane. Without going into the literary and artistic aspects of the work, this analysis reveals its still unrecognized cultural message – socio-ontological solipsism, relevant to the understanding of not only the twentieth century but contemporary social utopias as well.
Stereotype of the Mother in the Serbian Lanaguage
Authors: Trebješanin Žarko
Published: February 2018

The word mother in all cultures belongs to the small number of most elementary words such as sun, life, man, child, God, soul, earth, which make up the core of linguistic knowledge of people. The paper represents in a concise way research of the stereotypical notion of the mother, as it is manifested in the linguistic image of the world of young contemporary members of the Serbian culture. We examined, with a specially constructed for this occasion linguistic questionnaire, a sample of students (both genders, from four faculties of the University of Belgrade) to find out what the typical mother meant for them, what are her characteristics, what is her main line of personality, in what she finds the meaning of her life and similar. The results of the research of the semantic field of the lexeme mother show that in the reconstructed stereotypical notion a typical mother appears as the one who loves her children, is caring, tender, attentive, devoted, having no free time and therefore, for the sake of children and family, often ignores herself and her personal and professional needs.
Treatment of subarachnoid haemorrhage complicated by hyponatraemia
Authors: Butler Jordyn A
Published: February 2018

Background statement

Developing hyponatraemia after a subarachnoid haemorrhage is common, however it is known to worsen patient outcomes. This paper aims to review the practice of managing hyponatraemia in acute subarachnoid haemorrhage patients with administration of 3% hypertonic saline solution.

Aim

To enquire into the practice and policy of one of Melbourne’s large Metropolitan hospital’s current management of hyponatraemia in subarachnoid haemorrhage patients, and determine if the policy is both current and evidenced based.

Methods

A search of the terms “subarachnoid haemorrhage”, “hyponatraemia” and “hypertonic saline” was used in databases including Pubmed, Medline and CINAHL. Literature was included if it discussed the use of hypertonic saline for hyponatraemia, the effect of hyponatraemia on subarachnoid haemorrhage patients and the potential causes of acute hyponatraemia. The articles and literature reviews were assessed for inclusion by the author.

Results

Patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage and hyponatraemia should not be fluid restricted, as this is contraindicated. Patients should be administered 3% hypertonic saline to avoid hypovolaemia and slowly increase serum sodium to prevent onset or exacerbation of cerebral oedema.

Limitation

Lack of evidence based data and studies in regard to the dosing of hypertonic saline resulted in the lack of consensus with prescribing rates and volumes to be infused for severe hyponatraemia.
Importance of a Multidisciplinary Team Approach for Optimizing Pituitary Surgery Outcomes
Authors: Eisenberg Amy A. , Mclaughlin Nancy , Cohan Pejman , Griffiths Chester , Barkhoudarian Garni , Kelly Daniel
Published: February 2018

Pituitary tumors including pituitary adenomas and related lesions such as craniopharyngiomas and Rathke’s cleft cysts present with a wide range of hormonal and neurological signs and symptoms resulting in a variety of referral pathways. A multidisciplinary approach to the diagnostic evaluation and treatment plan is essential to optimise outcomes. The patient is seen by each member of the team, including neurosurgeon, endocrinologist, head & neck surgeon, nurse practitioner and in some instances neuro-ophthalmologist, oncologist, radiation oncologist and interventional neuroradiologist. Appropriate investigations are undertaken and a further meeting arranged at which all opinions are discussed. A reasoned treatment regimen is recommended, taking into consideration the patient’s wishes and overall medical condition. This manuscript describes the team approach currently employed in the Brain Tumor Center and Pituitary Disorders Program at Providence Saint John’s Health Center & John Wayne Cancer Institute. When referring pituitary patients to this centre, health care professionals and patients alike are experiencing the positive benefits received from a patient-centred, multidisciplinary approach.
Clinical and health economic benefits of out-patient lumbar microdiscectomies in Australia
Authors: Magee Alison , Bhaskar Ivan P , Ilett Paul , Murphy Michael A , Wang Yi-Yuen
Published: February 2018

Introduction

This study reports on the clinical, nursing and health outcomes on the out-patient lumbar microdiscectomy program at a single institution. A multi-disciplinary team approach to the pre- and post-operative planning and education is key to the success of this program.

Methods

A retrospective review of prospectively collected data for two patient groups (out-patient microdiscectomy and in-patient microdiscectomy) over a two-year period in a single institution was performed. Clinical, demographical, surgical and economic measures were collected including a 10-point visual analogue pain scale (VAS), patient satisfaction, direct and indirect costs of treatment. Patients included had a single level lumbar disc prolapse with persistent disabling sciatica of more than 8 weeks consistent with failure of conservative measures.

Results

Twenty-one out-patient and forty-one in-patient microdiscectomy patients were treated over this period. Post operatively pain levels showed a significant improvement in VAS levels from 5.2 ±2.9 to 1.6 ±0.8 and 0.7 ± 0.8 at day 1 and 7 post-operatively respectively. This was not different across both groups. Patient satisfaction was high in both surgical groups. There was a significant cost savings in out-patient lumbar micro-discectomy with the majority of savings coming from costs associated with staff (nursing, allied health and medical) funding. There was successful discharge 100% of out-patient microdiscectomy patients without readmission.

Conclusion

Outpatient lumbar microdiscectomy is a viable option in Australia. It demonstrates no difference in patient outcomes as compared to in-patient lumbar microdiscectomies and has high patient satisfaction outcomes. There are significant benefits in terms of health economics and nursing care in establishing an out-patient lumbar microdiscetomy program.
Feasibility and acceptability of orientation and mobility instructors delivering the LiFE falls prevention program to older people with vision impairment.
Authors: Keay Lisa , Saich Freya , Clemson Lindy , Middlemiss Lisa , Johnson Jacqueline , Tumanik Haley , Taylor Jessica , Munro Joanne , Borkowski Ewa , Tinsley Frances
Published: February 2018

Older people with vision impairment are at an increased risk of falls. Though exercise-based intervention can reduce falls in the general population, this strategy has not been successful among people with vision impairment. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of the LiFE program, a home-based fall prevention program, for people aged over 50 with vision impairment (n=16). The program was successfully delivered by orientation and mobility instructors to clients of Guide Dogs NSW/ACT, a community service organisation. Interviews with study participants showed engagement and adherence and there were positive trends in physical outcome measures supporting this program as a promising approach to enhance strength and balance, ultimately reducing the likelihood of falls in older people with vision impairment.
Teaching Orientation and Mobility Skills to Students with Autism and Vision Impairment in Public Schools: A Data-Based Study
Authors: Banda Devender R. , Okungu Phoebe A. , Griffin-Shirley Nora , Meeks Melanie K. , Landa-Vialard Olaya
Published: February 2018

Two students with autism, vision impairment, and intellectual disability participated in an orientation and mobility (O&M) intervention to travel in school settings using their folding canes. A multiple-baseline across participants design to determine the effectiveness of the intervention was used. The dependent variable was time taken to travel the specified route. The independent variable was O&M training. Results indicated that both participants took less time to travel during the intervention compared to the baseline. Students with vision impairment and autism can be trained using systematic O&M training. The O&M specialists working with children with autism and vision impairment should collect data and make data-based decisions while providing O&M instruction.
Providing Travel Instruction to Individuals with Disabilities Other Than Blindness: A Practitioner’s Perspective
Authors: Dodson-Burk Bonnie , Peterson Lydia , Olsson Susan
Published: February 2018

Some Orientation &Mobility (O&M) specialists provide instruction to individuals with disabilities other than blindness and vision impairment. In the US, this practice is referred to as travel instruction (TI). Through decades of providing TI, the authors have learned basic principles for success. This practice report addresses the definition of travel instruction, the essential components of a TI program, and two brief case studies. Advantages and opposition to O&M specialists providing TI are discussed. All individuals, regardless of the type of disability, deserve exemplary O&M and TI provided by highly qualified professionals. The authors encourage O&M specialists to provide TI and advise them to seek mentors and continuing education in areas of need.
A study of personnel preparation of teachers of learners with vision impairment and O&M services
Authors: Ambrose-Zaken Grace
Published: February 2018

A review of the 50 US state education websites revealed wide variation among state O&M credentials. Less than half of the states designated a qualified provider as a credentialed O&M specialist and many identified a role for the Teachers of Learners with Vision Impairment (TVI) in providing Individualised Education Program (IEP)-driven O&M-related services. A survey of US Personnel Preparation programs preparing TVIs asked respondents to select the O&M curricular items they taught to TVI students and their purpose(s) for teaching them. Respondents taught TVIs in all 10 general areas of O&M curriculum: Outdoor/Commercial, Outdoor/Residential, Cane Technique, Cane Skills with a Guide, Mobility Tools, O&M Knowledge and Skills Protective Techniques, Non-Cane Techniques, Orientation Strategies, and Guide Techniques. Respondents indicated the reason (Skills Practice, Teach, Referral, and Evaluation) for teaching these skills to TVIs. Results suggested that TVI programs prepared TVIs to teach non-cane skills and to provide skills practice on more complex travel skills. Federal Statute, IDEA Part C (2004) stated O&M begins in early intervention and named the O&M specialist as the provider. Only O&M specialists are professionally prepared to evaluate and teach O&M. Personnel preparation programs in TVI might need to evaluate the purpose of educating TVIs to teach such a narrow aspect of O&M content. Further, with only one TVI course offered in O&M, TVIs are not adequately trained to teach O&M and, therefore, should not be taught this role or be required by states to perform it.
Temporal spatial parameters analysis of the gait in children with vision impairment
Authors: Sankako Andréia Naomi , Marília Paulista , Lucareli Paulo Roberto Garcia , Ribeiro de Carvalho Sebastião Marcos , Presumido Braccialli Lígia Maria
Published: February 2018

This study compared the linear parameters between children who are blind and children with low vision. Six children who are blind and five children with low vision, aged between five and seven years (mean = 5.9 years old) were analysed by three-dimensional gait analysis and linear parameters of gait: velocity, cadence, stride length, and step width from 12 gait cycles. The comparison of the numerical variable was made using the Mann-Whitney Test. The only significant difference was found in stride length. The results suggested that an adapted gait provided stability which, in turn, improved balance. This finding seems to indicate the importance of commencing orientation and mobility (O&M) training as soon as possible to improve gait, balance, and movement with children who are blind or have low vision.
People’s attitudes to dogs in service: A pilot study of a new 15-point scale
Authors: Thomas Helen Louise
Published: February 2018

Interference with and discrimination against service dogs is a significant difficulty for people with disabilities. This research was designed to test a new measure of attitudes to service dogs: The People’s Attitudes to Dogs in Service Scale (PADS) to determine whether or not problematic behaviour might be related to tendencies toward dogmatism. An online survey was completed by 34 male and 50 female participants. Participants answered questions about dogmatism and their attitudes to service dogs. Results were statistically significant indicating people with less favourable attitudes towards service dogs were more dogmatic in their attitudes. This suggests that strategies other than public awareness campaigns might need to be considered to change public opinion and behaviour toward service dogs.
Vedic Mathematics Based 32-Bit Multiplier Design for High Speed Low Power Processors
Authors: Saha P. , Banerjee A. , Dandapat A. , Bhattacharyya P.
Published: February 2018

Vedic Mathematics is the ancient methodology of Indian mathematics which has a unique technique for arithmetic computations based on 16 Sutras (Formulae). Transistor level implementation (ASIC) of Vedic Mathematics based 32-bit multiplier for high speed low power processor is reported in this paper. Simple Boolean logic is combined with ‘Vedic’ formulas, which reduces the partial products and sums generated in one step, reduces the carry propagation from LSB to MSB. The implementation methodology ensure substantial reduction of propagation delay in comparison with Wallace Tree (WTM), modified Booth Algorithm (MBA), Baugh Wooley (BWM) and Row Bypassing and Parallel Architecture (RBPA) based implementation which are most commonly used architectures. The functionality of these circuits was checked and performance parameters like propagation delay and dynamic power consumption were calculated by spice spectre using standard 90nm CMOS technology. The propagation delay of the resulting 32×32 multiplier was only ~1.06 us and consumes ~132 uW power. The implementation offered significant improvement in terms of delay and power from earlier reported ones.
Implementation of a Simple Wireless Sensor Node for the Detection of Gaseous Substances Leakage
Authors: Jero S. Edward , Ganesh A. Balaji , Radhakrishnan T.K.
Published: February 2018

The paper presents the steps involved in implementing a customizable wireless sensor node for the detection of gaseous substances leakage in both internal and external environments. The node consists of various modules namely, sensors, signal conditioning, computational unit, wireless communication and power supply. The measurand to be measured are carbon dioxide, oxygen, relative humidity and temperature. A computational analysis is performed using a nano-watt PIC18LF4620 microcontroller and the wireless communication is realized through a MRF24J40MA Zigbee module. The results obtained prove that the sensor node possess good features such as, low cost, simple to use, minimal power consumption, long network range and compatibility with analog/digital sensors. The simple construction procedures create the possibility of implementing such customizable sensor node for the different environmental monitoring applications.
Bottom-Up Approach for Behavior Acquisition of Agents Equipped With Multi-Sensors
Authors: Hoshikawa Naoto , Ohka Masahiro , Yussof Hanafiah Bin
Published: February 2018

While the top-down approach of artificial intelligence encounters the frame problem, the bottom-up approach based on a creature’s evolution and behavior is effective for robotic design of intellectual behavior in a specific field. We propose the Evolutionary Behavior Table System (EBTS) using a simple genetic algorithm (SGA) to acquire the autonomous cooperative behavior of multiagents as the bottom-up approach. In EBTS, a set of rules is expressed as a table composed of sensor input columns and actuator output columns; a row of the table corresponds to a rule. Since each rule is transformed to a string of Boolean values, we treat a long string composed of actuator output strings in the rules as a gene to obtain an optimum gene that adapts to the environment using SGA. In computational experiments, the collective robots could convey an object to a goal through cooperative work; the multi-fingered hands grasped the object and transferred it to the goal. Final truth tables obtained by the gene data do not always assure an optimum solution, but the calculation cost is reduced from astronomical figures to around one ten to twenty thousandth. If we use the top-down methodology, astronomical trials are needed to specify the optimum pattern. Therefore, EBTS is an attractive method because it is very useful for obtaining general robotic behaviors in both collective and multi-fingered hand tasks.
Review on Modeling and Controller Design in Pneumatic Actuator Control System
Authors: Rahmat M. F. , Sunar N.H , Salim Sy Najib Sy , Zainal Abidin Mastura Shafinaz , Mohd Fauzi A.A , Ismail Z. H.
Published: February 2018

Pneumatic actuators are highly nonlinear characteristics and uncertainties make it difficult to achieve high performances. The objective of this paper is to present a brief overview of pneumatic actuators based on modeling and control strategies that has been proposed by various researchers. Before the main discussion, some background information will be presented in a relation to pneumatic actuators. This review concludes with a short summary and discussion of modeling and control approaches of pneumatic actuators. The implication of this paper is for further improving the performance of existing pneumatic actuators.
Device Application of Non-Equilibrium MOS Capacitors Fabricated on High Resistivity Silicon
Authors: Malik O. , De la Hidalga-W F. J.
Published: February 2018

–This work shows that the direct pulse-wide-modulated (PWM) output electric signal, with a duty cycle controlled by light intensity, can be obtained using a circuit that contains a sawtooth voltage generator connected in series with a dc voltage source and a metal (semitransparent gate) oxide semiconductor capacitor (MOS-C) operating in non-equilibrium mode.

Amplified output signal presents positive and negative PWM waveforms that can be easily separated using diodes. The duty of the positive part is proportional to the light intensity, whereas for the negative part is inversely proportional to the intensity. The frequency operating range of this proposed instrument varies from 1 Hz to a few kilohertz. The duty cycle of the PWM output signal varies from 2 to 98 % when the incident light intensity is varying in the microwatts range. This new transducer could be useful for automatic control, robotic applications, dimmer systems feedback electronic systems, and non-contact optical position sensing for nulling and centering measurements. The detailed description of the physical and operating principles of this invented transducer are presented.
A Novel Two-Step Strategy For Point Correspondence In Multi-Ocular System
Authors: Wang Haibin , He Qing , Guan Guan , Leng Bin , Zeng Dewen
Published: February 2018

Camera is widely used for 3D-Reconstruction and Recognition where a fundamental task is point correspondence that finds the corresponding points captured by different cameras from the same 3D-point. The approaches based on epipolar constraint are very effective for the task. However, they set the threshold of epipolar constraint by empirical method, and their complexity and computational cost will quickly increase with increasing the number of cameras. This paper proposes a novel two-step strategy using epipolar constraint regardless of the number of cameras in a uniform way. The strategy uses a statistic method to set the threshold, and decomposes the task of point correspondence in a multi-ocular system into the task of point correspondence in several binocular systems by transitivity constraint. The experiment and theoretical analyses indicate our approach is better than existing methods on complexity and computational cost.