bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arsenic Transformation in Soil-Rice System Affected by Iron-Oxidizing Strain (Ochrobactrum sp.) and Related Soil Metabolomics Analysis
Authors: Qian Ziyan , Wu Chuan , Pan Weisong , Xiong Xiaoran , Xia Libing , Li Waichin
Published: February 2022

Iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) could oxidize Fe(II) and mediate biomineralization, which provides the possibility for its potential application in arsenic (As) remediation. In the present study, a strain named Ochrobactrum EEELCW01 isolated previously, was inoculated into paddy soils to investigate the effect of FeOB inoculation on the As migration and transformation in paddy soils. The results showed that inoculation of Ochrobactrum sp. increased the proportion of As in iron-aluminum oxide binding fraction, which reduced the As bioavailability in paddy soils and effectively reduced the As accumulation in rice tissues. Moreover, the inoculation of iron oxidizing bacteria increased the abundance of KD4-96, Pedosphaeraceae and other bacteria in the soils, which could reduce the As toxicity in the soil through biotransformation. The abundance of metabolites such as carnosine, MG (0:0/14:0/0:0) and pantetheine 4’-phosphate increased in rhizosphere soils inoculated with FeOB, which indicated that the defense ability of soil-microorganism-plant system against peroxidation caused by As was enhanced. This study proved that FeOB have the potential application in remediation of As pollution in paddy soil, FeOB promotes the formation of iron oxide in paddy soil, and then adsorbed and coprecipitated with arsenic. On the other hand, the inoculation of Ochrobactrum sp. change soil microbial community structure and soil metabolism, increase the abundance of FeOB in soil, promote the biotransformation process of As in soil, and enhance the resistance of soil to peroxide pollution (As pollution).
EFFECT OF NITROGEN APPLICATION METHODS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF RIDGE GOURD (LUFFA ACUTANGULLA)
Authors: Ghaffar Abdul , Zehri Abdul Qayyum , Solangi Bhai Khan , Khan Abdul Raoof , Mastoi Zulfiqar Ali , Abdul Wahab  , Tareen Juma khan , Abdul Nabi  , Gola Mitha khan , Alizai Muhammad Aslam
Published: February 2022

Study was conducted In RCBD Design with three replicates to examine the impact of nitrogen application methods on the growth and yield of ridge gourd, evaluating 06 treatments comprising of various soil and foliar-applied N combinations. The following treatments were used: T1=Control (no N applied to the surface, no N applied to the leaves): T2=N at 75kg ha-1 through soil; T3=N at 75 kg ha-1 through soil+foliar urea at 1.5% concentration; T4=N at 75 kg ha-1 through soil+foliar urea at 3.0% concentration; T5=N at 100 kg ha-1 through soil; T6=N at100 kg ha-1 through soil+foliar urea at 1.5% concentration;T5=N at 100 kgha-1through soil+foliar urea at 1.5% concentration; The findings showe that various nitrogen application approaches had a major impact on all of the ridge gourd parameters calculated in this analysis (P0.05). With i258.33cm ivine iduration, 7.75 branchesivine-1, 11.26 fruits vine-1,i281.38giaverageisingle-fruitiweight, 3.25kg weightiofiridgeigourd fruitiperivine, 36.30kg ridge gourd fruit yield plot-1 and 14520.55kg ridge gourdifruit yieldiha-1, the ridge gourd vines plantediunderiT6 (N at 100kg ha-1 by soil+foliariapplicationiofiurea at 1.5%iconcentration)iratediforibothivine growthiand ridge igourd yield characteris-tics, the ridgeigourd cropifertilisediwith N at 100k ha-1 through oiliranked second, N at 75kg ha-1 through soil + foliar application ofiureaiati3.0%iconcentrationiranked third, N at 75kg ha-1 through the soil+foliar application of ureaiat 1.5% concentration ranked fourth, and N at 75 kg ha-1 through soil without foliariurea ranked fifth. Onialliof the characteristics tested, the controliplots came inilast.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BISCUITS ENRICHED WITH DATE POWDER
Authors: Ali Ayaz , Ali Akhtiar , Naz Shagufta , , Riaz Ali  , Mastoi Zulfiqar Ali , Majid Ali  , Bashir Nazia , Nighat Din  , Salman Ali
Published: February 2022

The study was carried out during 2018 at laboratory of Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam to evaluate the physico-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of biscuits enriched with date powder. The treatments included: T1= 0% without date powder (control), T2= 50% date powder and T2= 100% dates powder. Some chemical parameters were studied which included moisture (%), ash (%), TSS (oBrix), pH value, vitamin C mg g- 1, protein (%), carbohydrates (%), fat (%) and crude fiber (%) per 100 mg. The control (T1) with 0% date powder (control) resulted in 2.44% moisture, 0.30% ash, 9.50°Brix total soluble solids, 5.60 pH value, 16.92 mg/100g vitamin C, 32.61% fat, 0.02 per 100 mg crude fiber, 18.59% protein and 44.37% carbohydrate. The sensorial analysis indicates that numerical high score of color (8.36), flavor (8.60), texture (7.86), taste (8.50) and overall acceptability (8.06) was recorded in biscuits enriched with 100% dates powder followed by biscuits with 50% date powder with average score of color (7.46), flavor (7.53), texture (7.60), taste (7.46) and overall acceptability (7.56
EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT FUNGICIDES AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT AND THEIR IMPACTS ON HEIGHT AND YIELD OF TOMATO CROP UNDER THE TUNNEL FARMING CONDITION
Authors: Baloch Adnan , Bashir Ahmed Bangulzai  , Muhammad Dawood  , Sarfraz Yousaf
Published: February 2022

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is attacked by various disease causing micro-organisms. Amongthem Fusarium wilt is the major destructive diseases of tomato. This study was conducted to test theefficacy of different fungicides i.e. metalaxyl+mancozeb, copper oxychloride, benalaxyl+mancozeb,carbendazim and mancozeb at different concentrations (2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 g/litre water) against the fusariumwilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and also to observe the impacts offungicides on plant height and yield under tunnel condition. The result revealed that copper oxychloridewas significantly effective in all its doses to control the Fusarium wilt of tomato, the most effective dose was 3 g/l where the disease severity was recorded 6.2 percent only, followed by metalaxyl+mancozeb (4g/l) in which the disease severity was recorded 9.6 percent, other fungicides also showed good result but mancozeb alone was not effective, however it had synergistic effect and could be used as basis with the other product to control the fusarium wilt. Two of the fungicides proved to be the most appropriate chemicals having no severe impacts on plant height and yield. The highest plant height was recorded 10.96 and 9.38 feet whereas the highest yield per plant was recorded 3.97 and 3.67 kg in case of copper oxychloride and metalaxyl+mancozeb respectively.
ASIAN NIPAH VIRUS AND THE POTENTIAL OF NEW PANDEMIC
Authors: Yahya Esam Bashir , Amaal Mohammed Alqadhi  , Muhanad Abdullah Abdulsamad  , Abdulmutalib Alabeed Allaq
Published: February 2022

Nipah virus infection is a renewable threatening stage III zoonotic disease caused high mortality rates and significant public health risks in the past two decades. Several outbreaks of the Nipah virus occurred in Malaysia, Bangladesh, India and other Asian countries, which differed in the characteristics as each outbreak results from a novel strain of the virus. The continuous change of the viral hosts, as it jumps from bats to the animal/human and vice versa, but the virus in need to adapt to the new environment and favor mutations accuracy. The recent outbreaks of the virus caused much concern worldwide due to its ease of transmission and high mortality rates. During the rapid spread and replication of Nipah virus, more mutations are likely to develop, enhancing its epidemiological patterns and increasing its pathogenicity, raising the risk for a new pandemic. This review presents the chronological development of Nipah virus outbreaks and the main differences from the originally discovered Nipah virus and the more recent strains and discussed the potential of this virus to become a new pandemic.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE NOVEL CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) IN LIBYA
Authors: Allaq Abdulmutalib Alabeed , Norrizah Jaafar Sidik  , Aziyah Abdul-Aziz  , Abdul Mutalib Alabeed Alkamil  , Dr Asita Elengoe  , Esam Bashir Yahya  , Muhanad Abdullah Abdulsamad
Published: February 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak originated in Wuhan, China, as a series of acute atypical respiratory diseases. It has now spread to 221 countries.Symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure to the virus. Though some people may be asymptomatic, the common symptoms of COVID-19 patients include, but not limited to, fever or chills, cough, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, fatigue, muscle or body aches, headache, the new loss of taste or smell, sore throat, congestion or runny nose, nausea or vomiting, diarrhea.Materials and Methods: The information was gathered from the review of relevant literature obtained from various databases such as Science Direct, Springer, PubMed, Google, and Google Scholar.Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 invasion into host cells: Coronaviruses are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses of ~30 kb. They infect a wide variety of host species. They are divided mainly into four genera; α, β, γ, and δ based on their genomic structure. α and β coronaviruses infect only mammals 28 .Case Study in Libya: COVID-19 cases have affected the medical education system in Libya. Several medical schools were temporarily closed for several periods during the war, which resulted in delays in the graduation and medical education of thousands of medical students.Medicine traditional of herbal plant: Medicinal plants have a fundamental role in our beliefs, especially among the elderly, and in light of the lack of adequate treatment and lack of necessary medicines. Some herbs may boost the immunity in the blood and increase antibodies, and it is unknown to scientists until now whether this might positively affect the body's immunity.Conclusion: This study was aimed to provide information on epidemiological characterization and the spatial and temporal patterns of the COVID-19 pandemic in Libya. It is conclusively evident that the pandemic has affected the whole country, with incidence rates varying from one region to another. Meanwhile, the prevention and control of COVID-19 in Libya is still a tough fight.
Inter-cropping of radish with turnip and spinach under drip irrigation to evaluate the growth and yield attributes
Authors: Babar Muhammad Ayub , Arif Muhammad , Kashif Muhammad , Hanif Muhammad , Hayat Muhammad , Daud Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Failure of specific crops in the area due to different factors like, insect, pest attack, low production because of using low quality seeds, low market prices due to growing of single crop on large scale etc. are the major problems. This experiment was designed to introduce best intercropping pattern to increase production by efficient land utilization and cover single crop failure through other crops and evaluate the best crops to intercrop. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications and four treatments. Main crop radish was sown as a single crop in T1, in T2 radish was intercropped with turnip, in T3 radish was intercropped with Spinach, while in T4 radish was grown between turnip and spinach. Plant to plant and row to row distance of 12 and 30 cm was maintained in all treatments and replications.

Under lab experiments lowest germination percentage of radish seeds were 91.5% in T1, while highest was 93.5% in T4. Plant height of radish was lower in T1 as compared to other treatments and it was 31.2 cm. Maximum plant height of 38.4 cm was observed in T2 where Radish was grown with turnip and spinach. Significant difference was observed between treatments in Single tuberous root length. Shortest length of 22.9 cm was noted in T2 and longest was 28.8 cm in T3. In single tuberous root weight, lowest root weight of single root was noted in T2 with total weight of 369.6 (g) and highest was 471.2 (g) in T3. Leaf area was also affected by intercropping and smallest leaf area was observed and noted in T2 while the largest was in T3 where radish was intercropped with spinach. Minimum yield per hectare (tons) was obtained from T2 (14.5 tons/ha) and maximum yield was noted in T3 (20.8 tons/ha). The present study revealed that intercropping of radish with spinach would be most suitable for higher production. These results shows the significance of intercropping. In almost all parameters and treatments T3 performed well where radish was intercropped with Spinach and it is due to different nutrient requirements of both crops. Being a leafy and tuberous crops fertilizer and nutrient requirement of both crops are different. With other tuberous crop results in all parameters were low which confirms that tuberous crops compete for nutrients.
Comparing the effects of cold therapy and hand and foot massage on postoperative pain among patients with major surgeries
Authors: Miri Ali , Masoudi Reza , Kheiri Soleiman , Davoodvand Shirmohammad
Published: February 2022

Background and aims: Surgery is a main treatment for some illnesses. Postoperative pain (POP) is a major postoperative concern for patients and healthcare providers. The present study aimed at comparing the effects of cold therapy and foot and hand massage on POP among patients with major surgeries. Methods: This quality improvement study was conducted in 2019 on ninety patients who underwent thoracoabdominal surgeries in Kashani teaching hospital, Shahrekord, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to a control, a cold therapy, and a foot and hand massage group through block randomization with a block size of six. Participants in the control group received routine care services, while participants in the cold therapy group received twenty-minute local cold therapy three times a day for 48 hours and participants in the massage group received twenty-minute hand and foot massage three times a day for 48 hours. POP was assessed before and 48 hours after the study intervention using the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The SPSS software was used to analyze the data through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Fisher’s exact, chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, paired-sample t, and Wilcoxon’s sign-ranked tests as well as the one-way analysis of variance. Results: There was no significant difference among the groups respecting the pretest mean score of POP (P > 0.05). The mean score of POP significantly decreased in all groups (P < 0.05) and the amount of decrease in the intervention groups was significantly more than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Cold therapy and foot and hand massage are effective in significantly reducing POP among patients with major thoracoabdominal surgeries.
The relationship of mood status, quality of life, and dietary intake with migraine symptoms among women with migraine
Authors: Moradi Fatemeh , Fazelian Siavash , Khorvash Fariborz , Askari Gholamreza
Published: February 2022

Background and aims: Migraine is a neurologic disorder with wide global spread. Quality of life (QOL) and dietary factors are important parameters in migraine management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of mood status, QOL, and dietary intake with migraine symptoms among women with migraine. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 143 women with migraine aged 20–40 years who were randomly selected from two clinics in Isfahan, Iran. Data were collected using the Food Frequency Questionnaire for Assessing Dietary Patterns, a visual analogue scale for migraine headaches, the Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. The serum level of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was also measured. Results: Participants’ age and number of sleeping hours per 24 hours had significant relationship with migraine severity, depression and anxiety had significant relationship with migraine severity and the duration of migraine attacks, and QOL had significant relationship with migraine severity and the duration and frequency of migraine attacks. Daily intake of riboflavin also had significant relationship with frequency of migraine attacks, while daily intake of water had significant relationship with migraine severity (P < 0.05). However, serum level of CGRP had no significant relationship with migraine (P > 0.05). The relationships of vitamin D and magnesium intake with depression were also significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Serum level of CGRP has no significant relationship with migraine attacks, while depression, anxiety, QOL, and magnesium and vitamin D intake have significant relationship with migraine attacks.
Nurses’ experiences of communication during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Khademi Zahra , Imani Elham , Heydari Khormizi Mohamad
Published: February 2022

Background and aims: Effective communication is a key to quality nursing care delivery. However, the necessity to wear personal protective equipment and keep physical distancing during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created numerous challenges in establishing effective communication in healthcare settings. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore nurses’ experiences of communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2020 using the Van Manen’s hermeneutic or interpretational phenomenological design. Participants were thirteen nurses purposively selected from the COVID-19 care ward of a teaching hospital in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using the Van Manen’s approach to phenomenological research. Results: Most participants were female (69.2%) and had bachelor’s degree (84.6%). The means of their age and work experience were 32.08±5.42 and 9.54±5.22 years, respectively. A total of 1312 codes were generated during data analysis, which were grouped into 28 subcategories, thirteen categories, and the four themes of being in dire straits, social life disturbances, disturbance of peace, and ray of hope. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged nurses’ communication and hence, they need emotional and psychological support to remain hopeful. Nursing managers need to support nurses and remove barriers to their effective communication in order to enable them to provide safe and quality care.
Anxiety level among nursing staff during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bijani Mostafa , Tehranineshat Banafsheh , Sabetsarvestani Parisa , Moradi Zahra , Fereidouni Zhila , Hatami Mahmood , Gholami Tahereh
Published: February 2022

Background and aims: Emerging infectious diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are among the most serious occupational hazards for healthcare providers. The aim of the present study was to assess anxiety level among nursing staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2020. Participants were 510 nursing staff selected through a census from Valiasr teaching hospital, Fasa, Iran. Data were collected via a demographic questionnaire and a researcher-made COVID-19 anxiety questionnaire and were analyzed using the SPSS software (v. 22.0) through the chi square and ANOVA test. Results: The total mean score of anxiety among participants was 93.10±7.06 and had significant relationship with participants’ age, work experience, affiliated ward, and educational level (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Nursing staff suffer from high levels of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare authorities and managers need to employ strategies to psychologically support and empower nursing staff, improve their stress management skills, ensure their occupational safety, and improve their knowledge about COVID-19.
The effects of supportive-expressive dynamic psychotherapy on the outcomes of bipolar disorder in men
Authors: Bornamanesh Alireza , Mehryar Amirhoshang , Javidi Hojatollah , Ghasemi Noshad
Published: February 2022

Background and aims: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic disorder with high recurrence rate and significant disability. BD is refractory to treatments and afflicted patients experience disease recurrence despite medication therapy. Therefore, appropriate psychosocial interventions are needed to improve the effectiveness of medication therapy and facilitate BD management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supportive-expressive dynamic psychotherapy (SEDP) on the outcomes of BD in men. Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical study was conducted in 2017–2018 using a two-group pretest-posttest design. Participants were thirty hospitalized men with BD conveniently selected from Khorshid hospital, Isfahan, Iran, and randomly assigned to an intervention (n = 15) and a control (n = 15) group. Participants in the control group received conventional medication therapy, while participants in the intervention group received conventional medication therapy as well as SEDP in twelve 60-minute one-to-one sessions. Participants in both groups completed the Bipolar Depression Rating Scale before, immediately after, three months after, and six months after the intervention. The SPSS program for Windows (v. 23.0) was employed to analyze the data via the analysis of covariance and the repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: Although the mean score of bipolar depression significantly decreased at the first posttest, the between-group difference was not significant (P > 0.05). However, the mean score of bipolar depression in the intervention group was significantly less than the control group at the second and the third posttests (P < 0.05). Conclusion: SEDP is effective in significantly reducing mood symptoms among men with BD.
Chemotherapy medication errors in patients with cancer: A narrative review
Authors: Kahangi Leila Sadat , Toghian Chaharsoughi Narges
Published: February 2022

Background and aims: Chemotherapy medications have narrow therapeutic index and high toxicity and hence, chemotherapy medications errors (CMEs) are very common and are associated with serious consequences. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the types, severity, contributing factors, and preventive strategies of CMEs in patients with cancer. Methods: This narrative review was conducted in 2021. Data were collected through searching the Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, ProQuest, Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, IranDoc, and IranMedex databases. Search key terms were "adverse events", "medication error", "cancer", "patient safety", "safety management", "chemotherapy", "antineoplastic agents", "neoplasm", and "cancer". Results: In total, 125 articles were retrieved and finally, eighteen articles were reviewed. Findings came into four main categories, namely types of CMEs, causes of CMEs, severity of CMEs, and strategies to prevent CMEs. The four main types of CMEs are prescription, dispensing, preparation, and administration errors. Prescription and preparation errors are the most common CMEs. Conclusion: Strategies such as computerized physician order entry software, educational programs for nurses, improvement of nurses’ work conditions, and employment of well-trained nurses are recommended to reduce CMEs and improve patient safety.
Newborn’s body temperature regulation: a multi-method training program
Authors: Mirlashari Jila , Kalhor Faramarz , Gudarzi Zahra , Sadeghi Tahereh
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Newborns’ incapability to self-regulate their body temperature exposes them torisk of many complications. Therefore, proper initiations of nursing interventions are crucial for ensuring early stabilization after birth. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of a multi-method training program on knowledge and practices in neonatal nurses. Methods: This quasi-experimental research was carried out with a pre-test–post-test and intervention-control groups design. The population consisted of 60 nurses working in the neonatal and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of two hospitals in Iran. The samples were selected using the convenience sampling technique. A researcher-made questionnaire was used. The validation and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed. The nurses received a multi-method training for two weeks. They were evaluated three months later. Results: The mean knowledge score obtained in the pre-test was 30.33 ± 2.01, and it was47.73 ± 6.82 three months after the intervention. There was a statistically significant difference in the trend of changes in the scores of the two groups (F = 125.72, P < 0.001). The mean performance score in intervention group before the intervention was 60.63 ± 5.69 and after the intervention was 81.77 ± 6.37, indicating a significant difference in the trend of changes(F = 90.285, P < 0.001).The correlation between knowledge and practice was significant at the 0.01 level (r = 0.544,P = 0.002). The previous in-service training, individuals’ education, and thermoregulation knowledge were determined as predictors of performance (r = 0.651, P = 0.013). Conclusion: According to the results, a multi-method training program improves the nurses’ knowledge and performance in the infants’ body temperature regulation care.
Computed tomography findings of isolated peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysms
Authors: Dündar İlyas , Türko Ensar
Published: February 2022

Background: In this study, we aimed to evaluate computed tomography(CT) findings of peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysms(PPAA) associated with Behcet Disease(BD), Hughes Stovin Syndrome(HSS), and idiopathic origin. Methods: Contrast-enhanced CT scans of the patients were retrospectively reviewed regarding PPAA. The patients with PPA were classified into BD, HSS, and idiopathic groups according to the etiology. The groups were compared for demographical features including age and gender, multiplicity, distribution thrombosis and accompanying pulmonary artery embolism(PAE), and deep venous thrombosis(DVT) history. Results: A total of 30 PPAA (25.4±13.4 (11-62) mm) were detected in 10(2.3%) (mean age 39.8±22-1.0[8-73] years, female/male:3/7) among 4391 patients reviewed. In 7 patients multiple aneurysms were detected while in 3 a solitary lesion was seen. Most commonly lower lobes (right 8-left 8, 53.2%) involvement was observed. A thrombosis was detected within 19(63.4%) aneurysms. Among 10 patients with PPAA 4(40%) ones have BD, 2(20%) HS and 4(40%) idiopathic origin. In 5(50.%) patients there was accompanying PAE and 3 (30%) DVT history. Patients with BD nad HSS tended to have multiple lesions than with idiopathic origin. Accompanying PAE was observed in 2(100%) of HSS, 2(50%) BD, and 1(25%) patient in the idiopathic group. A DVT history was recorded in 2(100%) of HSS, 1(25%) BD. None of in the idiopathic group had a DVT history. The only rupture was observed in the HSS group. Conclusion: Vasculitic diseases lead to PPAA, including BD and HSS are more likely to be associated with complications and additional morbid conditions than idiopathic processes.
The association between preoperative plasma D-dimer levels and early postoperative outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Rezaei Seyfollah , Rasihashemi Seyed Ziaeddin , Hashemzadeh Shahriar
Published: February 2022

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of plasma D-dimer levels in predicting early morbidity and mortality in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: for this purpose, 60 patients who did surgery for middle- (n=35) and lower-thoracic esophageal cancer (n=25) were recruited. Then, preoperative plasma D-dimer levels were measured in a quantitative and qualitative manner and their relation with postoperative outcomes in each type of cancer was assessed for six months. Results: With regard to the middle-thoracic esophageal cancer, complications were observed in 14 cases and deaths were reported in six individuals. Considering the lower type, morbidity was found in 11 cases and mortality was seen in five patients. In both types of cancer, plasma D-dimer levels were significantly higher in patients with complications or deaths compared with those who were not. Sensitivity, specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive value (P/NPV) of plasma D-dimer levels were 90.91%, 78.57%, 76.92%, and 91.67% for diagnosing morbidity of the lower-thoracic esophageal cancer and 80%, 85%, 57.14, 94.44% for predicting mortality in this type of cancer. Moreover, the given values were equal to 71.43%, 76.19%, 66.67%, and 80% for diagnosing complications of the middle-thoracic esophageal cancer and 83.3%, 72.41%, 38.46%, 95.45% in predicting deaths induced by this type of cancer. Conclusion: It was concluded that elevated plasma D-dimer levels could be accompanied by adverse events and early poor postoperative outcomes for esophageal cancer.
Effect of Basic Life Support Training on Knowledge and Performance of High School students
Authors: Ebrahimi Bakhtavar Haniyeh , Allahyari Reza , Heidari Maedeh , Rahmani Farzad
Published: February 2022

This study aimed at evaluating the impact of Basic Life Support (BLS) on the knowledge and performance of high school students. During a semi-experimental study, 12068 ninth-grade high school students entered the study. Course content included BLS and airway maneuvers regarding foreign body aspiration. Students' level of knowledge and performance was assessed based on a questionnaire. The mean level of knowledge of students before training was 3(3-2) and after training was 5(4-5). Approximately 60% of students had excellent scores on practical activities. We conclude that resuscitation training can be effective in promoting public health.
Hypothyroidism and its effect on serum vitamin D and iron among adult female: A review from Middle East perspective
Authors: Eldosouky Hossameldin Fatthy , Wan Saudi Wan Salman , Hossain Parash M Tanveer , Shimmi Sadia Choudhury Choudhury
Published: February 2022

Hypothyroidism is a pathophysiological phase in which insufficient hormones are produced, leading to an imbalance in basal metabolic rate and inefficiency in the physiological role of body systems. Vitamin D affects thyrocytes by decreasing thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulated iodide uptake and cellular development. In hypothyroidism, hypovitaminosis D is due to malabsorption from the intestine and inactivation of vitamin D. Thyroid hormones induce erythropoietin gene expression causing an increase in the secretion of erythropoietin. Iron deficiency decreases the activity of the thyroid peroxidase enzyme. Hypothyroidism can cause microcytic anaemia due to malabsorption of iron and menorrhagia. Hypothyroidism is a common but under-recognized and under-diagnosed condition in the Persian Gulf countries. Moreover, the evaluation of the effect of hypothyroidism on vitamin D and iron levels is inadequate. Identifying this bi-deficiency is essential so that doctors can identify and treat them earlier and reduce the deficiency-related complications, and supplements can be given to prevent further health complications like osteoporosis and iron deficiency anaemia.
Clinical features of winter sports injuries: A prospective single center study
Authors: Gur Ali , Celik Bahar Keskin , Tekin Erdal , Ozdal Emine , Ozlu Ibrahim , Bilgili Mehmet Ali
Published: February 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to present the epidemiological and clinical effects of skiing training and use of protective equipment on skiing, sledding and snowboarding injuries. Methods: The patients were evaluated in two groups according to both their skiing experience and use of protective equipment. The characteristics of the patients, such as age, gender, injury area, and injury type were statistically evaluated according to the groups. Results: A total of 191 patients, 68 (35.6%) female and 123 (64.4%) male, were evaluated. There was a significant difference between the patients with and without skiing experience (P=0.001). When the patients were evaluated according to the presence of protective equipment, 25 (59.5%) patients who had no experience did not wear protective equipment, and this rate was statistically significant compared to the experienced group (P=0.001). Concerning the diagnoses of the patients according to injury areas, joint dislocation and soft tissue trauma were mostly detected in the upper extremities, bone fractures in the lower extremities and organ injury in the thorax. Conclusion: Shoulder and wrist traumas were the most common injuries among the patients with previous skiing experience while tibial fractures were mostly seen in those without such experience. Tibia fractures were mostly observed in the patients using protective equipment, and skin incisions in those that did not use protective equipment. Therefore, in winter sports injuries, patients’ skiing experience and protective equipment use should be questioned and more attention should be paid to the above-mentioned injuries.
Antagonistic activities of bioagent fungi Trichoderma harzianum and Pleurotus ostreatus against three species of Fusarium in cucumber plants
Authors: Hussein Nadir A. , Al-Janabi Haider J. K. , Al-Mashhady Fatimah R. , Al-Janabi Jawad K. Abood , Al-Shujairi Ali R. Shakir
Published: February 2022

Many bioagent fungi have promising potential as eco-friendly alternatives to fungicides, with considerable antagonistic activity against various phytopathogenic fungi. The present study aimed to investigate the antagonistic activity of Trichoderma harzianum and Pleurotus ostreatus isolates against Fusarium spp., the causative agents of wilt disease in cucumber plants, through a dual plate assay of volatile and nonvolatile compounds from these bioagent fungi. The results showed significant (P < 0.05) antagonistic activities of T. harzianum against the growth of F. solani AJA2 (62.3%), followed by F. oxysporum AJA (55.2%), F. incarnatum AJA (53.2%), and F. solani AJA1 (50.8%). The effectiveness of P. ostreatus against the four Fusarium species was notably less than that of T. harzianum. In contrast, in the dual culture assay, the bioagent fungal filtrate exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth of all pathogens at 25% concentration. The highest inhibition rate (85%) was shown by T. harzianum against F. incarnatum. The percent of inhibition caused by P. ostreatus was substantially lower than that caused by T. harzianum, which reached 35% in F. incarnatum followed by other pathogens. The volatile compounds of T. harzianum led to a high percentage of inhibition of all the three Fusarium species, while the highest percentage of inhibition due to the compounds of P. ostreatus was observed only for F. solani AJA1 (41.5%). From these results, we concluded that despite the diverse inhibitory effects of both bioagent fungi against Fusarium species, they exhibited successful antagonistic activity and the ability to compete against these species.
Analysis of granulation systems using idealistic modeling-principle of similarity for scaling up sustainable production lines
Authors: Salgado-Loyo Eduardo , Cruz-Gómez Marco Antonio , Teutli-León Margarita , Mejía-Pérez José Alfredo
Published: February 2022

Pharmaceutical industry produces safe, effective, affordable, and quality medicines used to guarantee a healthy life and promote the well-being of the entire population in a sustainable way. Currently, the solid dosage form is the preferred formulation for human use. However, the large scale production of these medicines it requires well-tested formulation and appropriate equipment because any substantial variation in the development of the pharmaceutical product can alter the final quality of the product, causing the entire manufactured batch to be discarded. For this reason, this research aimed to analyze and understand the behavior of the variables involved in the wet granulation process while scaling from a laboratory system and a production line unit to transfer the results obtained to a large-scale production unit of solid dosage forms to meet the health needs of the world population. This study was carried out under a mixed approach applying quantitative and qualitative technologies to explain and predict the behavior of the involved variables while scaling from a laboratory system to a production line unit. It was found that there are some regularities and causal relationships between geometric, kinematic, and dynamic similarities.
Passive absorber design for mechanical vibrations with base excitation
Authors: Vázquez-González Benjamín , Jiménez-Rabiela Homero , Ramírez-Cruz José Luis , Quintana-Díaz María Berenice Guadalupe
Published: February 2022

The dynamic coupling of mechanical vibratory systems results in the oscillatory interaction between the bodies of the system as a whole, for a certain selection of some parameters the phenomenon of vibration absorption occurs, in this phenomenon the main system transfers its mechanical energy to the absorber, resulting in a minimum amplitude of movement of the primary system and the absorber develops a certain amplitude. In this work it is proposed to design a vibration absorber for a primary system that in turn is affected by the motion in the base, which produces vibrations, the motion in the base includes elastic and viscous actions. It has been possible to determine a set of parameters that allow the absorption of vibrations, likewise, the parameters determined not only allow the absorption, but also establish a transfer of the effect of the damping present in the base to the absorber.
The intercultural educator: the what, how, and why of teaching intercultural communicative competence in Latin America
Authors: Cubero Karol
Published: February 2022

A reflective assessment of teaching praxis’ notions and beliefs becomes essential in instructing learners to effectively interact in intercultural encounters. Arguments in favor of teaching the intercultural component have been promoted for years but have not fully reached systematic incorporation in foreign language education in Latin American countries. This paper examines the concept of the intercultural mediator, approaching key questions (why, what, and how) that emerge when integrating intercultural objectives in the language classroom supported on theoretical frameworks and insights from the authors’ teaching experience. The methodology used was an exploratory qualitative document review. Scientific articles published in reliable databases were consulted to answer the questions targeting intercultural communicative competence teaching. The main objective is to invigorate the discussion regarding the intercultural component in the classroom while exploring practical ideas to teach it. Findings suggest that there is a growing body of literature and interest on approaching theoretical and practical standpoints toward ICC guiding teachers to become intercultural educators willing to integrate and enable learners with the crucial ICC competence. Educators can make a difference in the classroom by utilizing different Latin American resources and material to mediate intercultural matters in the foreign language classroom.
Effects of Carbonated Soft Drink on Saliva pH in the Occurrence of Dental Caries
Authors: Santoso Theofany L. A. , Wicaksono Dinar A. , Gunawan Paulina N.
Published: February 2022

Abstract: One of the instantaneous lifestyle can be seen inter alia from the high level of soft drink consumption. Consumption of carbonated soft drinks produces a pH ranging from 2.4 to 4.07 which is classified as low. CO2 dissolved in carbonated soft drinks is thought to increase acidity, therefore, decrease the pH of saliva. The continuous decrease in salivary pH can lead to demineralization of tooth structure which triggers the occurrence of dental caries. This study aimed to determine the effect of soft drink consumption on salivary pH related to the incidence of dental caries. This was a literature review studi using four databases as follows: Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ClinicalKey. The keywords were "minuman bersoda" OR "minuman berkarbonasi" AND "pH saliva"; dan “soft drink” OR "carbonated drink" AND "salivary pH". The literatures were selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria and then a critical appraisal was carried out. The results showed that 29 abstracts met the criteria. Full-text articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and be used in this study were 18 articles in total. It was found that there was a change in the degree of acidity after consuming carbonated drinks. In conclusion, carbonated soft drinks can affect the pH of saliva which triggers the occurrence of dental caries.Keywords: carbonated soft drinks; salivary pH  Abstrak: Salah satu gaya hidup masyarakat Indonesia yang serba instan dapat terlihat dari tingginya tingkat konsumsi minuman ringan bersoda. Minuman ringan ini tersedia secara komersil dan bila dikonsumsi menghasilkan pH berkisar antara 2,4 hingga 4,07 yang tergolong rendah. CO2 yang terlarut dalam minuman bersoda dianggap dapat meningkatkan keasaman dan menurunkan pH saliva. Penurunan pH saliva yang terjadi secara terus-menerus dapat menyebabkan demineralisasi struktur gigi yang merupakan awal dari terjadinya karies gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi minuman bersoda terhadap pH saliva pada kejadian karies gigi. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review, yang menggunakan database Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan ClinicalKey serta kata kunci "minuman bersoda" OR "minuman berkarbonasi" AND "pH saliva"; dan “soft drink” OR "carbonated drink" AND "salivary pH".  Literatur diseleksi melalui kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi serta dilakukan critical appraisal. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan jumlah literatur sebanyak 29 abstrak yang memenuhi kriteria sedangkan artikel fulltext yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 18 artikel. Hasil kajian mendapatkan terjadi perubahan derajat keasaman setelah mengonsumsi minuman ringan bersoda. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah minuman bersoda dapat memengaruhi pH saliva yang selanjutnya memicu terjadinya karies gigi.Kata kunci: minuman bersoda; pH saliva
Menilik Implementasi Qanun Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Penanganan Dan Perlindungan Terhadap Kekerasan Anak Di Aceh
Authors: Putri Anggi , Alunaza Hardi , Sha fitri Desy Nur , Ernianda Annisa
Published: February 2022

Kasus kekerasan pada anak di Aceh meningkat secara signifikan setiap tahunnya baik kekerasan fisik maupun seksual. Penanganan pemerintah daerah Aceh menjadi sorotan bagaimana kinerja dan peraturan yang diterapkan untuk menekan laju kasus kekerasan anak di daerah tersebut. Aceh dengan regulasi khususnya menerapkan Qanun sebagai sumber hukum untuk penanganan setiap permasalahan termasuk perlindungan anak. Namun peraturan Qanun menimbulkan beberapa kebingungan karena dianggap memberikan hukuman yang relatif rendah untuk kejahatan kekerasan pada anak. Lebih lanjut penulisan ini akan melihat bagaimana implementasi Qanun tersebut sebagai peraturan yang juga memiliki andil besar Aceh. Penelitian kualitatif ini dilakukan dengan metode pendekatan deskriptif analitik untuk menganalisis permasalahan yang diangkat. Penulis akan menganalisis keberhasilan Qanun dengan berfokus kepada penanganan kasus perlindungan kekerasan anak oleh pemerintah daerah setempat,untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran Qanun apakah menyelesaikan kasus kekerasan psikis, fisik dan seksual pada anak di Aceh.
Investigation of the Properties of Compositions Based on Modified Polymer Mixtures
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of oil and industry. Baku. Azerbaijan, SEFI Shikhaliyev Kerem
Published: February 2022

The properties of vulcanized compositions based on mechanical mixtures of Ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)and Ethylene propylene terpolymer (EPTR)with PVC deteriorate compared to the properties of EPR and EPTRperoxide vulcanizers, which is explained by the poor mixing of PVC with these copolymers. In the extruder of the specified polymer mixtures -145 ° C, 36 MPa, n = 200 qra. The thermal and mechanical effects (MIC) under these conditions cause a significant improvement in the properties of the compositions based on these mixtures. The formation of EPR –PVC, and EPTR -PVX copolymers as a result of IMT in these polymer mixtures was confirmed by the construction of these copolymers with peroxide-free, PVC clusters with methemtal oxides - MgO, ZnO, and PbO (mass fraction 8-18). Modification of ethylene-propylene copolymers with PVC was carried out at a temperature higher than the flow temperature of PVC, which ensures its good dispersion in the mixture and chemical bonding with the elastomer phase, the effect of strengthening the elastic phase with the dispersed PVC phase occurs
An Adaptive Controller Design using Duelist Optimization Algorithm for an Interconnected Power System
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Jorhat Engineering College, Jorhat (Assam), India., Das Nipan Kumar , Saikia Papu Moni ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Jorhat Engineering College, Jorhat (Assam), India., Buragohain Dr. Mrinal ,   Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Jorhat Engineering College, Jorhat (Assam), India, Saikia Nikhil ,   M.Tech (Pursuing), Department of Electrical Engineering, Jorhat Engineering College, Jorhat (Assam), India.
Published: February 2022

A Controller is generally considered as a continuous and discrete mode of execution by a huge sample period that may result in degenerated dynamic performance or system instability. Nowadays, the maximum penetration in thermal, wind, hydropower systems has decreased the power system inertia that leads to rapid frequency response and higher frequency deviation followed by contingencies and requires rapid load frequency control. The goal of load frequency control (LFC) is to achieve zero steady-state errors in frequency deviations and minimize unscheduled tie-line power flows among the interconnected areas. The study of the literature reveals that a lot of research has been carried out in this area to achieve the desired objectives using different approaches. This manuscript proposes an optimization algorithm called Duelist Optimization Algorithm (DOA) in a three area interconnected power system consisting of thermal, wind, and hydro generating systems. The proposed system introduces an adaptive PID fuzzy controller whose parameters are optimized by the DOA algorithm. The Duelist Optimization algorithm is used to optimally tune the parameters of the controller in order to keep the system frequency deviation within the threshold limit, and maintain the power balance among the control areas during load variations. The proposed method is simulated in MATLAB / Simulink environment for the estimation of its performance and then compared with some of the existing techniques such as Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimization algorithm, Bacteria Foraging Optimization (BFO), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The simulation result established the suprerioty of the proposed method over the other methods.