bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seductive Details in the Flipped Classroom: The Impact of Interesting but Educationally Irrelevant Information on Student Learning and Motivation
Authors: Maloy Jeffrey , Fries Laura , Laski Frank , Ramirez Gerardo
Published: August 2019

In this study, we assessed the impact of providing students with short video clips highlighting the relevance of material they are learning in the genetics classroom to their everyday lives. These interesting but non–learning objective oriented clips, referred to as “seductive details,” have been studied extensively in laboratory contexts. In laboratory studies, seductive details have been shown to actually decrease learning, leading some to recommend that any information not directly pertaining to academic learning outcomes be removed from education materials. We aimed to uncover effects of seductive details in an actual college course, in a manner divorced from the confounding variation introduced by instructor-level differences in personality and lecture styles. Our results show that, in a flipped-classroom environment, seductive details do not harm students’ content attainment, interest, or perceived learning, but they are memorable. Students with high background knowledge of genetics reported greater learning after watching videos containing seductive details than students who watched equivalent videos without seductive details, but there was no difference in quiz scores between the groups. These results contradict some of the major effects observed throughout decades of studies conducted in artificial psychology laboratory environments and highlight possible affective benefits of instructors using seductive details.
Estimation of seismic source parameters in 3D elastic media using the reciprocity theorem
Authors: Petrov Petr V. , Newman Gregory A.
Published: August 2019

We have developed a novel method based upon reciprocity principles to simultaneously estimate the location of a seismic event and its source mechanism in 3D heterogeneous media. The method finds double-couple (DC) and non-DC mechanisms of microearthquakes arising from localized induced and natural seismicity. Because the method uses an exhaustive search of the 3D elastic media, it is globally convergent. It does not suffer from local minima realization observed with local optimization methods, including Newton, Gauss-Newton, or gradient-descent algorithms. The computational efficiency of our scheme is derived from the reciprocity principle, in which the number of 3D model realizations corresponds to the number of measurement receivers. The 3D forward modeling is carried out in the damped Fourier domain with a 3D finite-difference frequency-domain fourth- and second-order code developed to simulate elastic waves generated by seismic sources defined by forces and second-order moment density tensors. We evaluate the results of testing this new methodology on synthetic data for the Raft River geothermal field, Idaho, as well as determine its applicability in designing optimal borehole monitoring arrays in a fracking experiment at the Homestake Mine, South Dakota. We also find that the method proposed here can retrieve the moment tensors of the space distributed source with data arising from spatially restricted arrays with limited aperture. The effects of uncertainties on the source parameter estimation are also examined with respect to data noise and model uncertainty.
Accurate source wavelet estimation using Marchenko focusing functions
Authors: Mildner Constantin , Broggini Filippo , de Vos Koos , Robertsson Johan O. A.
Published: August 2019

Marchenko redatuming is a powerful technique that allows retrieving Green’s functions for virtual receivers in the subsurface by calculating so-called focusing functions. One required input for the Green’s function retrieval is the surface reflection response that needs to be correctly deconvolved by the source wavelet. Deconvolving with an erroneously estimated or scaled source wavelet leads to artifacts in the redatumed wavefields and images created with redatumed data. Focusing functions can be used to correct an erroneous amplitude and phase spectrum of the source wavelet, enabling an accurate deconvolution, subsequent redatuming, and imaging. Additional events are present in the focusing functions in the case of an incorrect source wavelet amplitude spectrum, whereas an erroneous phase spectrum leads to an overall phase shift of the upgoing focusing function. Therefore, two objective functions are defined, which are minimized separately to invert for the source wavelet amplitude and phase spectrum accurately. Furthermore, optimizing focusing functions for a range of lateral focusing positions in the subsurface extends the approach, enabling inversion of laterally varying scaling errors of the source wavelet. Target-oriented images created with Marchenko redatumed data using the source scaling estimation method based on focusing functions are significantly improved compared to conventional Marchenko images with incorrectly estimated source wavelets.
Differential nanoscale organisation of LFA-1 modulates T-cell migration
Authors: Shannon Michael J. , Pineau Judith , Griffié Juliette , Aaron Jesse , Peel Tamlyn , Williamson David J. , Zamoyska Rose , Cope Andrew P. , Cornish Georgina H. , Owen Dylan M.
Published: August 2019

Effector T-cells rely on integrins to drive adhesion and migration to facilitate their immune function. The heterodimeric transmembrane integrin LFA-1 (αLβ2 integrin) regulates adhesion and migration of effector T-cells through linkage of the extracellular matrix with the intracellular actin treadmill machinery. Here, we quantified the velocity and direction of F-actin flow in migrating T-cells alongside single-molecule localisation of transmembrane and intracellular LFA-1. Results showed that actin retrograde flow positively correlated and immobile actin negatively correlated with T-cell velocity. Plasma membrane-localised LFA-1 forms unique nano-clustering patterns in the leading edge, compared to the mid-focal zone, of migrating T-cells. Deleting the cytosolic phosphatase PTPN22, loss-of-function mutations of which have been linked to autoimmune disease, increased T-cell velocity, and leading-edge co-clustering of pY397 FAK, pY416 Src family kinases and LFA-1. These data suggest that differential nanoclustering patterns of LFA-1 in migrating T-cells may instruct intracellular signalling. Our data presents a paradigm where T-cells modulate the nanoscale organisation of adhesion and signalling molecules to fine tune their migration speed, with implications for the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Acute Skeletal Muscle Recovery after Exercise
Authors: DÁTTILO MURILO , ANTUNES HANNA KAREN MOREIRA , GALBES NADINE MARQUES NUNES , MÔNICO-NETO MARCOS , DE SÁ SOUZA HELTON , DOS SANTOS QUARESMA MARCUS VINÍCIUS LÚCIO , LEE KIL SUN , UGRINOWITSCH CARLOS , TUFIK SERGIO , DE MELLO MARCO TÚLIO
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Sleep is considered essential for muscle recovery, mainly due to its effect on hormone secretion. Total sleep deprivation or restriction is known to alter not only blood hormones but also cytokines that might be related to skeletal muscle recovery. This study aimed to evaluate whether total sleep deprivation after eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EEIMD) modifies the profiles of blood hormones and cytokines.

Methods

In two separate conditions, with a crossover and randomized model, 10 men (age, 24.5 ± 2.9 yr; body mass index, 22.7 ± 2.3 kg·m−2) performed a unilateral EEIMD protocol that comprised 240 eccentric contractions of the knee extensor muscles using an isokinetic dynamometer. In one condition, a “muscle damage” protocol was followed by 48 h of total sleep deprivation and 12 h of normal sleep (DEPRIVATION). In the other condition, the same muscle damage protocol was conducted, followed by three nights of regular sleep (SLEEP). Isometric muscle voluntary contraction tests and blood samples were collected serially throughout the protocol and analyzed for creatine kinase, free and total testosterone, IGF-1, cortisol, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, receptor antagonist of IL-1 and IL-10.

Results

Muscle voluntary contraction and serum creatine kinase increased equally over the study period in both conditions. From the cytokines evaluated, only IL-6 increased in DEPRIVATION. No differences were detected in testosterone levels between conditions, but IGF-1, cortisol, and cortisol/total testosterone ratio were higher in DEPRIVATION.

Conclusions

Total sleep deprivation after EEIMD does not delay muscle strength recovery but modifies inflammatory and hormonal responses.
Estimating US Consumer Gains from Chinese Imports
Authors: Bai Liang , Stumpner Sebastian
Published: August 2019

We estimate the size of US consumer gains from Chinese imports during 2004–2015. Using barcode-level price and expenditure data, we construct inflation rates under CES preferences, and use Chinese exports to Europe as an instrument. We find significant negative effects of Chinese imports on US prices. This effect is driven by both changes in the prices of existing goods and the entry of new goods, and it is similar across consumer groups by income or region. A simple benchmarking exercise suggests that Chinese imports led to a 0.19 percentage point annual reduction in the price index for consumer tradables. (JEL E21, E31, F14, P33)
Urinary bladder metastasis from breast cancer: a rare cause of hematuria
Authors: Gitau Samuel Nguku , Njau Allan , Mwanzi Sitna
Published: August 2019

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women globally as well as in Kenya. The most common sites of metastases reported include the bones, liver and lung. Metastasis to the urinary bladder is relatively uncommon with only a few case reports in literature. It can therefore be easily overlooked as a cause of hematuria in these patients. We describe a rare case of a patient with breast cancer who presented with urinary bladder metastasis as a late complication of her illness.
Quantitative assessment of variation in CBCT image technical parameters related to CBCT detector lateral-offset position
Authors: Santaella Gustavo Machado , Rosalen Pedro Luiz , Queiroz Polyane Mazucatto , Haiter-Neto Francisco , Wenzel Ann , Spin-Neto Rubens
Published: August 2019

Objectives:

To assess the effect of CBCT detector position (aligned/lateral-offset) on image technical parameters (mean voxel value - MVV, standard deviation of voxel value (SDVV) distribution), comparing peripheral regions of interest (ROIs) to the central ROI in CBCT volumes.

Methods:

40 CBCT volumes of a wax phantom were acquired in six units with aligned and/or lateral-offset detectors: Cranex 3Dx (CRA), Ortophos SL (ORT), Picasso Trio (PIC), Promax 3D Mid (PRO), Scanora 3D (SCA), and X1. Four image-acquisition protocols used an aligned detector, and four a lateral-offset detector. In each volume, 13 ROIs (12 peripheral and 1 central) were evaluated. MVV and SDVV of the peripheral ROI were compared to those of the central ROI in the volume. MVVD (the difference in percentage, between the MVV of a peripheral and the central ROI) was calculated.

Results:

For aligned-detectors, MVV increased (ORT and PRO) or decreased (CRA and X1) in the ROIs farther from the centre. For lateral-offset detectors, ROIs farther from the centre showed increased MVV. SDVV for most aligned detectors was lower, the nearer the ROI was to the centre. For lateral-offset detectors, it was lower for the peripheral ROIs, except with PIC. Range for MVVD was −32.8% to 22.8% for units with aligned detectors, and −20.7% to 69.5% for lateral-offset detectors.

Conclusion:

Lateral-offset detectors to acquire CBCT images significantly change SDVV distribution within the field-of-view, and lead to MVVD with increased range, compared to aligned detectors. This must be taken in consideration in the clinic, if voxel-value dependent measurements are to be performed.
Draft genome assembly and transcriptome sequencing of the golden algae Hydrurus foetidus (Chrysophyceae)
Authors: Bråte Jon , Fuss Janina , Jakobsen Kjetill S. , Klaveness Dag
Published: August 2019

Hydrurus foetidus is a freshwater chrysophyte alga. It thrives in cold rivers in polar and high alpine regions. It has several morphological traits reminiscent of single-celled eukaryotes, but can also form macroscopic thalli. Despite its ability to produce polyunsaturated fatty acids, its life under cold conditions and its variable morphology, very little is known about its genome and transcriptome. Here, we present an extensive set of next-generation sequencing data, including genomic short reads from Illumina sequencing and long reads from Nanopore sequencing, as well as full length cDNAs from PacBio IsoSeq sequencing and a small RNA dataset (smaller than 200 bp) sequenced with Illumina. The genome sequences were combined  to produce an assembly consisting of 5069 contigs, with a total assembly size of 171 Mb and a 77% BUSCO completeness. The new data generated here may contribute to a better understanding of the evolution and ecological roles of chrysophyte algae, as well as to resolve the branching patterns at a larger phylogenetic scale.
A curated transcriptome dataset collection to investigate inborn errors of immunity
Authors: Bougarn Salim , Boughorbel Sabri , Chaussabel Damien , Marr Nico
Published: August 2019

Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders, frequently caused by loss-of-function and less commonly by gain-of-function mutations, which can result in susceptibility to a broad or a very narrow range of infections but also in inflammatory, allergic or malignant diseases. Owing to the wide range in clinical manifestations and variability in penetrance and expressivity, there is an urgent need to better understand the underlying molecular, cellular and immunological phenotypes in PID patients in order to improve clinical diagnosis and management. Here we have compiled a manually curated collection of public transcriptome datasets mainly obtained from human whole blood, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or fibroblasts of patients with PIDs and of control subjects for subsequent meta-analysis, query and interpretation. A total of eighteen (18) datasets derived from studies of PID patients were identified and retrieved from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and loaded in GXB, a custom web application designed for interactive query and visualization of integrated large-scale data. The dataset collection includes samples from well characterized PID patients that were stimulated ex vivo under a variety of conditions to assess the molecular consequences of the underlying, naturally occurring gene defects on a genome-wide scale. Multiple sample groupings and rank lists were generated to facilitate comparisons of the transcriptional responses between different PID patients and control subjects. The GXB tool enables browsing of a single transcript across studies, thereby providing new perspectives on the role of a given molecule across biological systems and PID patients. This dataset collection is available at http://pid.gxbsidra.org/dm3/geneBrowser/list.
Emerging therapies in rheumatoid arthritis: focus on monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Senolt Ladislav
Published: August 2019

Advances in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are attributed to several aspects such as new classification criteria enabling early diagnosis and intensive treatment with the application of treat-to-target principles as well as better understanding of the pathogenesis of RA contributing to the development of targeted therapies. However, reaching remission is still not achieved in most patients with RA, which is one of the driving forces behind the continuous development of novel therapies and the optimization of therapeutic strategies. This review will outline several new therapeutic antibodies modulating anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-10 and pro-inflammatory mediators granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, fractalkine, and IL-6 that are in various stages of clinical development as well as the progress in manufacturing biotechnologies contributing to the next generation of antibodies and their potential to expand the therapeutic armamentarium for RA. In addition, the fate of unsuccessful therapies including agents targeting IL-15, the IL-20 family, IL-21, chemokine CXCL10, B-cell activating factor (BAFF), and regulatory T (Treg) cells or a novel concept targeting synovial fibroblasts via cadherin-11 will be discussed.
Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of sepsis in pregnancy
Authors: Ali Amaan , Lamont Ronnie F
Published: August 2019

Background:Maternal sepsis accounts for 11% of all maternal deaths worldwide. It is the third most common direct cause of maternal death and is a major contributor to other common causes of maternal death, such as haemorrhage and thromboembolism.Methods:This review addresses important topics, including the epidemiology, risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, care bundles and management of maternal sepsis, including antibiotic treatment, and critical care interventions such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Preventative measures that have had an impact on maternal sepsis as well as future research directions are also covered in this review. Case studies of maternal sepsis which highlight key learning points relevant to all clinicians involved in the management of obstetric patients will also be presented.Results:Although, historically, maternal death from sepsis was considered to be a problem for low-income countries, severe obstetric morbidity and maternal death from sepsis are increasing in high-income countries. The global burden of maternal sepsis and the obstetric-related and patient-related risk factors and the likely sources are presented. Recent changes in definition and nomenclature are outlined, and challenges in diagnosis and identification are discussed.Conclusions:Following maternal sepsis, early diagnosis and early intervention are critical to save lives and prevent long-term adverse sequelae. Dogma surrounding critical care interventions in pregnancy is being challenged, and future research is warranted to maximise therapeutic options available for maternal septic shock.
Evolving principles underlying neural lineage conversion and their relevance for biomedical translation
Authors: Flitsch Lea Jessica , Brüstle Oliver
Published: August 2019

Scientific and technological advances of the past decade have shed light on the mechanisms underlying cell fate acquisition, including its transcriptional and epigenetic regulation during embryonic development. This knowledge has enabled us to purposefully engineer cell fates in vitro by manipulating expression levels of lineage-instructing transcription factors. Here, we review the state of the art in the cell programming field with a focus on the derivation of neural cells. We reflect on what we know about the mechanisms underlying fate changes in general and on the degree of epigenetic remodeling conveyed by the distinct reprogramming and direct conversion strategies available. Moreover, we discuss the implications of residual epigenetic memory for biomedical applications such as disease modeling and neuroregeneration. Finally, we cover recent developments approaching cell fate conversion in the living brain and define questions which need to be addressed before cell programming can become an integral part of translational medicine.
Learning from cases: Analysis of two cases of craniopharyngioma from the 19th to the 21st centuries.
Authors: Apps John R. , Hutchinson J. Ciaran , Shelmerdine Susan , Virasami Alex , Winter Eduard , Jacques Thomas S. , Martinez-Barbera Juan-Pedro , Arthurs Owen , Czech Thomas
Published: August 2019

This manuscript describes the study of two cases of craniopharyngioma, which have been examined repeatedly over three separate centuries. This includes analysis by Josef Engel in 1839, who sought to uncover the physiological role of the pituitary gland; Jacob Erdheim in 1904, who initially described the disease we now call craniopharyngioma, and recent high resolution MRI and micro-CT imaging and attempted DNA analyses of the tumours. The cases highlight how, rightly or wrongly, our interpretation of data is shaped by the technologies, methodologies and prevailing theories of a given time.
Planning and communicating prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet: A critical review and proposed strategy
Authors: Hennigs Jan , Parker Alison , Collins Matt , Jiang Ying , Kolios Athanasios , McAdam Ewan , Williams Leon , Tyrrel Sean
Published: August 2019

Urban sanitation in growing cities of the Global South presents particular challenges. This led to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s Reinvent The Toilet Challenge, which sparked the development of various non-sewered sanitation technologies like the Nano Membrane Toilet. Complex disruptive technologies like this entail an extensive product development process, including various types of prototype tests. While there is an abundance of literature discussing how to build prototypes, and the optimal number of tests, there has been little focus on how to plan and conduct tests, especially in a development endeavour of this complexity. Four approaches to testing are reviewed, and their strengths and weaknesses compared. A visualised testing strategy is proposed that encompasses the entire product development process and can be used to plan and communicate prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet to ultimately achieve compliance with international standards.
Resolving outbreak dynamics using approximate Bayesian computation for stochastic birth–death models
Authors: Lintusaari Jarno , Blomstedt Paul , Rose Brittany , Sivula Tuomas , Gutmann Michael U. , Kaski Samuel , Corander Jukka
Published: August 2019

Earlier research has suggested that approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) makes it possible to fit simulator-based intractable birth–death models to investigate communicable disease outbreak dynamics with accuracy comparable to that of exact Bayesian methods. However, recent findings have indicated that key parameters, such as the reproductive number R, may remain poorly identifiable with these models. Here we show that this identifiability issue can be resolved by taking into account disease-specific characteristics of the transmission process in closer detail. Using tuberculosis (TB) in the San Francisco Bay area as a case study, we consider a model that generates genotype data from a mixture of three stochastic processes, each with its own distinct dynamics and clear epidemiological interpretation. 

    

We show that our model allows for accurate posterior inferences about outbreak dynamics from aggregated annual case data with genotype information. As a byproduct of the inference, the model provides an estimate of the infectious population size at the time the data were collected. The acquired estimate is approximately two orders of magnitude smaller than assumed in earlier related studies, and it is much better aligned with epidemiological knowledge about active TB prevalence. Similarly, the reproductive number R related to the primary underlying transmission process is estimated to be nearly three times larger than previous estimates, which has a substantial impact on the interpretation of the fitted outbreak model.
Educational activity of students as a key element of the educational process in a higher educational institution
Authors: Черниковская Марина , Chernikovskaya Marina
Published: August 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the organization of educational activity in a higher educational institution. It is prepared on the basis of monitoring results of students of higher educational institutions in Penza. More than 410 students from 6 regional universities took part in the monitoring.

Elements of educational activity of students, such as participation in the educational process, building relationships in the university, independent work of students are considered.

The main problems of students in the organization of the educational process, the features of the activity of students in training classes, during the passing of tests and examinations are revealed. The psychological atmosphere in higher education institutions in which students are trained, the level of building relationships in the student environment is analyzed. The answers to many questions on the educational activities of students are answered.

Based on the results of the study, recommendations were developed to improve the effectiveness of student learning activities.
“Level Up”: Leveraging Skill and Engagement to Maximize Player Game-Play in Online Video Games
Authors: Huang Yan , Jasin Stefanus , Manchanda Puneet
Published: August 2019

We propose a novel two-stage data-analytic modeling approach to gamer matching for multiplayer video games. In the first stage, we build a hidden Markov model to capture how gamers' latent engagement state evolves as a function of their game-play experience and outcome and the relationship between their engagement state and game-play behavior. We estimate the model using a data set containing detailed information on 1,309 randomly sampled gamers' playing histories over 29 months. We find that high-, medium-, and low-engagement-state gamers respond differently to motivations, such as feelings of achievement and need for challenge. For example, a higher per-period total score (achievement) increases the engagement of gamers in a low or high engagement state but not those in a medium engagement state; gamers in a low or medium engagement state enjoy within-period score variation (challenge), but those in a high engagement state do not. In the second stage, we develop a matching algorithm that learns (predicts) the gamer's current engagement state on the fly and exploits that learning to match the gamer to a round to maximize game-play. Our algorithm increases gamer game-play volume and frequency by 4%–8% conservatively, leading to economically significant revenue gains for the company.
Uniformly Bounded Regret in the Multisecretary Problem
Authors: Arlotto Alessandro , Gurvich Itai
Published: August 2019

In the secretary problem of Cayley [Cayley A (1875) Mathematical questions with their solutions. Ed. Times 23:18–19.] and Moser [Moser L (1956) On a problem of Cayley. Scripta Mathematica 22(3/4):289–292.], n nonnegative, independent, random variables with common distribution are sequentially presented to a decision maker who decides when to stop and collect the most recent realization. The goal is to maximize the expected value of the collected element. In the k-choice variant, the decision maker is allowed to make k ≤ n selections to maximize the expected total value of the selected elements. Assuming that the values are drawn from a known distribution with finite support, we prove that the best regret—the expected gap between the optimal online policy and its offline counterpart in which all n values are made visible at time 0—is uniformly bounded in the number of candidates n and the budget k. Our proof is constructive: we develop an adaptive budget-ratio policy that achieves this performance. The policy selects or skips values depending on where the ratio of the residual budget to the remaining time stands relative to multiple thresholds that correspond to middle points of the distribution. We also prove that being adaptive is crucial: in general, the minimal regret among nonadaptive policies grows like the square root of n. The difference is the value of adaptiveness.
Projeto Universidade em Ação (PUA): rompendo os muros e capacitando para uma cultura de paz por meio do lúdico, do diálogo e das artes | University in Action Project (PUA): breaking the walls and enabling a culture of peace through ludic, dialogue and arts
Authors: Loyolla Kuhlmann Paulo Roberto , Ferreira de Araújo Suerda Gabriela , Do Rêgo Souza Edith Larissa Rodrigues
Published: August 2019

Este artigo discute as ações extensionistas do Projeto Universidade em Ação (PUA), vinculado à Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, as quais trabalham a construção da paz no ambiente escolar, notadamente, nas escolas municipais Santa Ângela e Agostinho Fonseca, localizadas em João Pessoa. O PUA tem utilizado ferramentas lúdicas (brincantes, de forma geral), artísticas (clown, teatro, dança) e de diálogo (círculos de construção de paz, mediação) com o intuito de modificar as formas de interação em relação aos conflitos, suas respostas reativas e abordagens preventivas, a fim de estimular capacidades criativas e transformativas na comunidade escolar que viabilizem o tratamento dos conflitos, inerentes à vida, por meio de estratégias não-violentas, criando redes de relacionamento, conexões emocionais, empoderando a comunidade, desenvolvendo capacidades já existentes, e articulando finalidades de bem-estar social e desenvolvimento da cultura de paz.Palavras-chave: Cultura de Paz; Lúdico; Arte.ABSTRACTThis article discusses the extension actions of the University in Action Project (PUA), linked to the State University of Paraiba, which work to build peace in the school environment, especially in the Santa Angela and Agostinho Fonseca municipal schools, located in Joao Pessoa. The PUA has used ludic (general playful), artistic (clown, theater, dance) and dialogue tools (peace building circles, mediation) to modify the forms of interaction in relation to conflicts, their responses and preventive approaches, in order to stimulate creative and transformative capacities in the school community that enable the treatment of conflicts, inherent to life, through non-violent strategies, creating networks of relationships, emotional connections, empowering the community, developing skills already existing, and articulating purposes of social welfare and development of the culture of peace.Keywords: Culture of peace; Playful; Art.Recebido em 26 out. 2018| Aceito em 17 jun. 2019.
Internacionalizando a Extensão Universitária: O Projeto S-Intex na UFPB | Internationalizing Universitary Extension: S-Intex Project at the Universidade Federal da Paraíba (Brazil)
Authors: Paiva Silva Henry Iure , Vargas Mojana , Melo Neto Edmilson
Published: August 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados iniciais do S-Intex, projeto de avaliação da internacionalização do campo da extensão universitária, implantado na Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) a partir do curso de Relações Internacionais da instituição. Trata-se de uma iniciativa de diagnóstico e avaliação dos projetos de extensão ativos na universidade, com a finalidade de desenvolver os diferentes potenciais de abrangência internacional nessa área na instituição, com a identificação e difusão de “boas-práticas” e tecnologias que permitam promover a extensão universitária ao mesmo patamar de internacionalização presentes nos campos do ensino e da pesquisa.Palavras-chave: Extensão universitária; Internacionalização da Extensão; Ferramentas de Avaliação.ABSTRACTThis article aims to present the initial results of S-Intex, a project to evaluate the internationalization on the field of university extension, implemented at the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) from the institution's International Relations course. It is an initiative to diagnose and evaluate the extension projects that are active at the university, to develop the different potential of international coverage in this area in the institution, with the identification and dissemination of "good practices" and technologies to promote the university extension to the same level of internationalization present in the fields of education and research.Keywords: University extension; Extension Internationalization; Assessment Tools.Recebido em: 10 dez. 2018 | Aceito em: 15 mai. 2019
Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Jatropha Oil Based Polyurethanes Using Modified Sesame Oil as Cross-Linker Containing Different NCO Groups with Improved Thermal Stability
Authors: Desappan Venkatesh , Viswanathan Jaisankar
Published: August 2019

In this work, the modified S-diol were prepared from sesame oil to produce polyol. The thermal responsive vegetable oil-based polyurethane was prepared by polycondensation method. The different diisocyanate react with jatropha-sesame oil polyol to produce higher density with molecular weight of polyurethanes structure and functionality were characterized by Fourier transform spectroscopy, proton nuclear resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The thermal analysis was carried with TG analysis. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters was calculated by TGA decomposition temperature and compared with PU-1, PU-2 and PU-3. Furthermore, the corresponding decomposition temperature of polyurethanes activation energy were calculated by Coats-Redfern, Sharp-Wentworth and Freeman-Carols methods, and it is investigated with lifetime of polyurethanes. Depending on the physically observed NH and C=O linkages of polyurethane matrix, which enhancing the hard and soft segment to improve their chain mobility. The success of the investigated polyurethanes, the
corresponding estimated enthalpy, entropy and pre-exponential factors are much closer with toluene and phenyl based polyurethane matrix
RP-HPLC Estimation of Bumetanide and its Impurities in Oral Solid Dosage Form
Authors: Kumar P. Suresh , Mohan G.V. Krishna , Babu A. Naga
Published: August 2019

A novel and simultaneous stability indicating RP-HPLC method has been developed for quantitative analysis of bumetanide in fixed dose pharmaceutical formulations. Bumetanide and its degradation products are well separated by the Discovery C18, 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm column as a stationary phase and (50:50 v/v) of 0.1 % o-phthalaldehyde and acetonitrile as a mobile phase. All the compounds are monitored using photodiode array detector at 254 nm with an isocratic method and the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min was maintained. Validation of method was performed as per International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines and the parameters namely; precision, accuracy, specificity, stability, robustness, linearity, limit of quantitation (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) were evaluated. The linearity of the proposed method was found to be 0.315-1.875 μg/mL for bumetanide and its impurities. The developed method is more economical and suitable for laboratory use because of solvent consumption is very less. Hence, the developed method can be used for the determination of bumetanide and its impurities in drug product stability studies and pharmaceutical formulations.
Plural, coeducativo e gratuito: o primeiro ginásio/colégio público em Florianópolis (Santa Catarina, Brasil)
Authors: Topanotti dos Santos de Mello Juliana
Published: August 2019

O livro “Ensino Secundário Público e de Qualidade no antigo Instituto de Educação – Florianópolis, 1947 – 1963”, publicado pelo pesquisador Norberto Dallabrida, em 2017 pela Editora Udesc e Dois Por Quatro Editora, traz uma importante contribuição para o campo da História da Educação catarinense. Esta obra, que destaca a história do primeiro estabelecimento público que ofertou o ensino secundário de forma gratuita no estado de Santa Catarina, traz à luz as práticas educacionais colocadas em marcha nesta instituição no período no qual ele funcionou no mesmo prédio que a Escola Normal Catarinense, qual seja de 1947 a 1963. O destaque dado a este período justifica-se pela pouca atenção dada a estes primeiros anos, visto que em 1963 com a mudança para um novo prédio, o maior de Santa Catarina e o significativo aumento no número de estudantes e professores/as, há um apagamento da história inicial desta instituição. O livro é composto de uma apresentação que situa o/a leitor/a acerca do processo de constituição de um ginásio e posteriormente de um colégio neste espaço educacional; dois ensaios: um sobre a cultura escolar e o outro focalizando o corpo docente e três entrevistas realizadas pelo autor com dois professores e uma professora que atuaram nesta escola no período recortado para este estudo.
‘E não nos deixeis cair em tentação’: livros de leitura religiosa do governo fascista para as escolas italianas no Brasil (anos 20 e 30 do século XX)
Authors: Luchese Terciane Ângela
Published: August 2019

O presente texto analisa produção, circulação e estratégias de (con)formação postos em jogo pelos dois volumes do livro Letture di Religione, distribuídos gratuitamente aos alunos das escolas italianas do Brasil. A presença dessas escolas no país foi considerável e em 1908, contabilizava-se 13.657 alunos que frequentavam 264 instituições, sendo 13 católicas. A rede consular responsabilizava-se pela recepção e distribuição de materiais escolares (predominantemente livros) e subsídios financeiros da Itália para o Brasil. Com o Fascismo, intensificou-se a organização e a atenção às escolas. Ancorada nos referenciais da História Cultural, o corpus empírico é formado por livros escolares, legislações, jornais e relatórios consulares, sendo a análise documental histórica o procedimento metodológico. Compreender os saberes produzidos e difundidos pelo uso dos referidos livros como propagadores do ideal fascista e católico nas escolas italianas do exterior e os sentidos simbólicos que esses objetos adquiriram no universo escolar é tema de relevância para a História da Educação.
Um olhar estrangeiro para a escola brasileira Carl Ernest Zeuner desenhando quadros murais (Revista do Ensino/RS, 1963-1969)
Authors: Camara Bastos Maria Helena
Published: August 2019

Carl Ernest Zeuner nasceu em Zwickau, nas proximidades da fronteira alemã com a República Tcheca, em 13 de agosto de 1895. Em 1922 veio para o Brasil, radicando-se em Porto Alegre/RS. Foi pintor, desenhista e ilustrador, atuando na Livraria e Editora Globo. Na década de 1960, colaborou com a Revista do Ensino/RS (1951-1978) desenhando uma série de quadros murais. O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar os suplementos didáticos ou quadros murais, também denominados “Material Didático para as Classes do Curso Primário”. Abordando os quadros murais como expressão da liturgia do universo escolar e educacional de um determinado período da escola brasileira e rio-grandense, a partir da ideia que expressam uma linguagem feita de imagens, o estudo toma como objeto de análise os quadros pintados por Zeuner, em número de 61, no período de 1963 a 1969.
New long-term action insulin formulations obtained using polycations for heparin neutralization
Authors: Kamiński Kamil , Kaczor-Kamińska Marta , Irska Izabela , Popiołek Iwona , Szczubiałka Krzysztof , Nowakowska Maria
Published: August 2019

Phenomena that occur between an insulin and four different positively charged polymers (protamine, cationic dextran, chitosan, and poliallylamine derivatives) were studied by dynamic light scattering and fluorescence measurements (using fluorescein-labeled polymers). These processes were compared to the reaction of polycations with heparin that is responsible for the neutralization of anticoagulant activity in blood stream.The nature of polycations interaction with heparin is electrostatic, while the interaction with insulin is more complicated.We observed that the presence of zinc atoms (and its complexing by nitrogen from macromolecules) is critical for insulin suspensions formation and stability. The differences between the nature of these two reactions were revealed. The highly immunogenic action of protamine present in long-acting insulin products makes it reasonable to develop similar systems based on the nonprotein polycations.
A 5.7 mW, UWB LNA for Wireless Applications Using Noise Canceling Technique in 90 nm CMOS
Authors: Singh Vikram , Arya Sandeep Kumar , Kumar Manoj
Published: August 2019

A 3–12 GHz ultra-wideband (UWB) low noise amplifier (LNA) is proposed in this paper. The first stage common-gate (CG), common-source (CS) noise canceling approach is used to achieve low noise-figure (NF). CG configuration at the input stage provides wideband input-matching. The noise of CG transistor is cancelled by systematically added two parallel CS transistors, whose outputs are cascoded in second stage. In order to achieve flat power gain (S21) response, a series peaking inductor is used in the second stage. The proposed LNA is designed in 90 nm CMOS process with chip-layout area of 0.467 mm2 and in comparison to the existing LNAs, it consumes a low power of 5.7 mW from a 1 V supply. The achieved input-reflection coefficient (S11) is <−7.5 dB, output-reflection coefficient (S22) is <−7.6 dB with NF < 5.8 dB for 3–12 GHz UWB and third-order intercept point (IIP3) of −19 dBm. It achieves high and flat S21 of 20.84 ± 0.28 dB over 4.2–10 GHz, with NF ranging from 2.6–3.6 dB.
Two critical books in the history of loess investigation: ‘Charakteristik der Felsarten’ by Karl Caesar von Leonhard and ‘Principles of Geology’ by Charles Lyell
Authors: Hambach Ulrich , Smalley Ian
Published: August 2019

The two critical books, launching the study and appreciation of loess, were ‘Charakteristik der Felsarten’(CdF) by Karl Caesar von Leonhard, published in Heidelberg by Joseph Engelmann, in 1823-4, and ‘Principles of Geology’(PoG) by Charles Lyell, published in London by John Murray in 1830-3. Each of these books was published in three volumes and in each case the third volume contained a short piece on loess (about 2-4 pages).

These two books are essentially the foundations of loess scholarship. In CdF Loess [Loefs] was first properly defined and described; section 89 in vol. 3 provided a short study of the nature and occurrence of loess, with a focus on the Rhine valley. In PoG there was a short section on loess in the Rhine valley; this was in vol.3 and represents the major dissemination of loess awareness around the world.

A copy of PoG3 (Principles of Geologyvol. 3) reached Charles Darwin on the Beagle in Valparaiso in 1834; worldwide distribution.

Lyell and von Leonhard met in Heidelberg in 1832. Von Leonhard and Heinrich Georg Bronn (1800-1862) showed Lyell the local loess. These observations provided the basis for the loess section in PoG3. Lyell acknowledged the influence of his hosts when he added a list of loess scholars to PoG; by the 5thedition in 1837 the list comprised H.G. Bronn, Karl Caesar von Leonhard (1779-1862), Ami Boue (1794-1881), Voltz, Johann Jakob Noeggerath (1788-1877), J. Steininger, P. Merian, Rozet, C.F.H. von Meyer (1801-1869), Samuel Hibbert (1782-1848) and Leonard Horner (1785-1864); a useful list of loess pioneers. The loess is a type of ground that has only recently been established, and it seems, the peculiarity of the Rhine region, and of a very general but inconsistent spread.” H.G. Bronn 1830
Potential influence of meteorological variables on forest fire risk in Serbia during the period 2000-2017
Authors: Tošić I. , Mladjan D. , Gavrilov M. B. , Živanović S. , Radaković M. G. , Putniković S. , Petrović P. , Mistridželović I. Krstić , Marković S. B.
Published: August 2019

To examine potential relationships between meteorological variables and forest fires in Serbia, daily temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed data for 15 meteorological stations across Serbia were used to construct fire indices. The daily values of the Ångström and Nesterov indices were calculated for the period 2000–2017. A high number of forest fires occurred in 2007 and 2012 in Serbia, during a period of extremely high air temperatures in 2007, followed by the longest heat wave and the worst drought in 2012.

In order to identify the ideal weather conditions for fire break outs, different combinations of input variables, e.g., meteorological variables (mean temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, maximum temperature, minimum temperature and wind speed), fire danger indices or a combination of both, for the Belgrade area during the period 1986–2017, were tested. It was found that using relative humidity or precipitation as a predictor only generates a satisfactory model for forecasting of number of forest fires.
Controlling factors on the geochemistry of Al-Shuaiba and Al-Mejarma coastal lagoons, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Basaham Ali S. , Ghandour Ibrahim M. , Haredy Rabea
Published: August 2019

Geochemical and mineralogical analyses of bottom sediments collected from Al-Shuaiba (SHL) and Al-Mejarma (MJL) coastal lagoons, Red Sea were carried out. Mineralogically, the sediments consist mainly of carbonate minerals particularly aragonite, high and low Mg-calcite and traces of dolomite admixed with non-carbonate minerals including quartz, k-feldspars, plagioclase and traces of amphiboles, mica and clay minerals. The spatial distribution of major and trace elements at the bottom of the lagoons indicates two groups of elements. The first, less significant, is of terrigenous origin concentrates mainly in the shoreward direction. This group includes the silicates (Al2O3-Fe2O3-SiO2), Feldspars (K2O-Rb-Ba) and heavy minerals (V-Cr-Zr, TiO2-Y-Nb) related elements. The second most dominant group is the carbonate related elements (CaO-Sr) that concentrates in the seaward direction. The two lagoons are not affected by urbanization or anthropogenic impact, and hence the siliciclastic elements are related to the terrigenous influx mainly by aeolian transportation. The carbonate related elements are mainly of biogenic origin related to calcareous skeletal remains. The elemental distribution in the bottom sediments of the MJL is more homogeneous than those in the SHL reflecting the bottom conditions that are mainly controlled by lagoon morphology, hydrodynamic and the water circulation between the lagoon and the sea. Geochemical data show no obvious enrichment of Al-normalized redox-sensitive trace elements V and Cr suggesting that there is no variation in the bottom redox conditions in contrast with other previous studies. The information in this work is an important tool for biogeochemical and biological research projects in the Red Sea coastal lagoons.
Modulatory effects of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) leaf extract against oxidative stress and hepatic TNF-α gene expression in acute diazinon-induced liver injury in rats
Authors: Ahmadi Arezoo , Heidarian Esfandiar , Ghatreh-Samani Keihan
Published: August 2019

Background

Diazinon (DZN) causes serious liver damage in both humans and animals. In the present study, the hepatoprotective effects of Cynara scolymus L. leaf extract against DZN-induced liver injury were examined.

Methods

Forty male rats were divided into five groups. The control group received a normal diet. The DZN group received DZN only (25 mg/kg, po). The DZN + Syl group received DZN (25 mg/kg, po) and silymarin (Syl) (50 mg/kg, po). The DZN + Art group received DZN (25 mg/kg, po) and artichoke (Art) leaf extract (1500 mg/kg, po). The Art group received Art leaf extract only (1500 mg/kg, po). After 15 days, serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lipid profile, protein carbonyl content, serum and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), hepatic TNF-α gene expression, hepatic catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and vitamin C (Vit C) were measured and histopathological examination was performed.

Results

DZN caused a significant elevation in serum ALP, AST, ALT, MDA, TNF-α, protein carbonyl, hepatic MDA, and TNF-α gene expression in the DZN group as opposed to the control group. Also, DZN led to the reduction of hepatic CAT, SOD, and Vit C in the DZN group relative to the control group. The administration of Art extract resulted in not only a significant reduction in serum ALP, AST, ALT, MDA, TNF-α, and protein carbonyl but also an improvement of liver histopathological changes and hepatic CAT and SOD activities as opposed to the DZN group.

Conclusions

This study confirmed that Art leaf extract has liver protective effects and causes downregulation of oxidative stress in acute DZN-induced liver injury in rats.