bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scapholunate advanced collapse as a complication of a chronic scaphoid fracture
Authors: Santos Leonardo González , Ferrero Rodrigo E. , Pérez Ana L. , Jiménez Amador , Sandoval Sergio , Rodriguez Elizabeth D.
Published: September 2024

Advanced scapholunate collapse (SLAC) is a common cause of wrist osteoarthritis. Watson HK and Ballet FL described SLAC injuries in 1984. They concluded that the incompetence of the scapholunate ligament led to a sequence of degenerative changes in the radio scaphoid junction in early stages and later in the Midcarpal joint, including a pan carpal injury. We describe the case of a male with an old scaphoid bone fracture and scapholunate collapse. Several treatment options are considered. However, the decision between performing a proximal carpectomy or total arthrodesis depends on several factors, including clinical evaluation and imaging studies. This clinical case, we performed a proximal carpectomy with favorable results at functional and aesthetic level.
Pinna reconstruction in a 2-year-old: a case report
Authors: Gupta Pallavi , Gupta Piyush , Randhawa J. S.
Published: September 2024

Pediatric age group is one of the most vulnerable groups to trauma and morbidity occurring thereby. And that too requiring reconstruction of ear pinna is in itself a challenge. Confronted with such situation is not an easy situation for any trauma team. Successful outcomes in auricular reconstruction rely on the surgeon's careful analysis of the defect as well as knowledge of the different reconstructive options available. We present one such case and discuss the relevant anatomy and operative options for surgeons.
Effect of post isometric relaxation technique in mechanical neck pain: a case study
Authors: S. Haripriya , Krishna Harish S. , R. B. Apeksha
Published: September 2024

Neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders among the population. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of muscle energy technique in the form of post isometric relaxation technique (PIR) on pain and range of motion in a patient with chronic mechanical neck pain (MNP). A 35-year-old woman with MNP was treated with PIR for 3 weeks. Neck pain and disability was measured using neck disability index scale (NDI) and numerical pain rating scale while ROM of cervical spine was measured with universal goniometer. The patient has significant decrease in pain and significant improvement in range of motion and functional disability using NDI showed improvement from moderate disability to mild disability. Post isometric relaxation technique is effective in reducing pain and functional disability and increasing cervical range of motion in mechanical neck pain.
Large renal pelvic hematoma in a moderately hydronephrotic kidney due to impacted ureteric stone: an unusual complication of ureteric calculus
Authors: Singh Manoj Kumar , Kumar Prem , Prem Pragya , Singh Smita
Published: September 2024

In this case study, a young male presented with recurrent right flank pain and hematuria. Further investigations revealed an upper ureteric stone, causing significant hydronephrosis and blood accumulation within the pelvicalyceal system. Remarkably, blood clots were observed in this system alongside the ureteric calculus. The medical team opted for standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) to address the stone and simultaneously remove the clots. Additionally, a DJ stent was placed to ensure proper drainage and prevent complications. This rare presentation emphasizes the importance of recognizing diverse manifestations of ureteric stones and timely intervention through PCNL for effective management.
Glaucoma in general population and steroid users
Authors: Saha Kowshik , Bandyopadhyay Ankita
Published: September 2024

In recent years, several surveys have reported on the prevalence of glaucoma worldwide. One study has shown that financial stability in population has affected glaucoma. However, there have been differences in the reported prevalence rates due to methodological variations. In the Eastern part of the world, 7.8 million people had primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) with prevalence of about 2.51%. To estimate the number of people with glaucoma or at risk of the disease, they age and gender occurrence estimates have been used, along with population estimates. East Asians have more chances to have PACG than POAG compared to western people. Their analysis shows that about 11.2 million people of the age 40 years and older with glaucoma in South East Asia, with POAG in 6.48 million people and PACG affecting 2.54 million. Additionally, any primary angle-closure disease could affect around 27.6 million people. The majority of glaucoma patients in South East Asia go undiagnosed, which makes it difficult to discover and treat the condition. We consider different strategies to raise case detection rates across the nation while taking into account the limited resources and personnel at our disposal. Aim of this study was to understand prevalence of glaucoma in general populations and steroid users.
To study efficacy of tacrolimus (0.03%) Eye ointment, cyclosporine (0.1%) eye drops and fluorometholone (0.1%) eye drops in vernal keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Kashyap Rupali , Gupta Tulika , Maurya Rajendra Prakash , Roy Meghna
Published: September 2024

VKC (Vernal keratoconjunctivitis) is a chronic, bilateral ocular inflammatory disorder that primarily impacts young patients. Management of VKC is challenging due to its complex immunological etiology and chronic inflammatory components.

This prospective, single-center, randomized study was executed at the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology, SGT Medical College, Hospital and Research Institute (FMHS), Budhera, Gurugram, for a duration of 18 months. A total of 102 clinically diagnosed VKC patients, aged above 5 years, have been then randomly divided into 3 groups (34 each). Group A received fluorometholone (0.1%) eye drops, Group B received cyclosporine (0.1%) eye drops, and Group C received tacrolimus (0.03%) eye ointment. Patients were evaluated at days 0, 7, 14, 28, 35, and two weeks post-medication using the Clinical Scoring System by Bleik and Tabbara to assess TSSS (Total Subjective Symptom Score) and TOSS (Total Objective Ocular Sign Score).

Most patients were between 6-10 years old, with over 78% being males. Group A showed significant symptom reduction from the first week (mean TSSS reduction from 2.29±0.46 to 0.21±0.41, p<0.0001), while Groups B and C showed significant improvements from the second week (Group B: mean TSSS reduction from 2.5±0.51 to 0.12±0.33, p<0.0001; Group C: mean TSSS reduction from 2.29±0.46 to 1.00±0.00, p<0.0001). Conjunctival hyperemia and tarsal papillae improvements were more pronounced in Group B as compared to Groups A & C. No ocular complications were found, except for dose-dependent irritation in Group C.

While fluorometholone (0.1percent) eye drops provided early symptom relief, its effects were not sustained. Cyclosporine (0.1percent) eye drops and tacrolimus (0.03percent) eye ointment showed delayed but sustained efficacy, making them suitable for long-term treatment of moderate to severe VKC. Fluorometholone may be used initially alongside immunomodulators for rapid symptom relief, followed by tapering as immunomodulators take effect.
Clinical pharmacology functional disorders of narcolepsy in central nervous system
Authors: Premkumar N , Sakthi P , Kaviya K , Karthik R
Published: September 2024

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), cataplexy, and/or other dissociated REM sleep symptoms such hypnagogic hallucinations and sleep paralysis are characteristics of narcolepsy. Antidepressants are being used to treat cataplexy and EDS in narcolepsy patients. These medications have an amphetamine-like effect on the central nervous system (CNS). Other kinds of medications are also used, including gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), a short-acting sedative for EDS/fragmented nighttime sleep, and modafinil, a non-amphetamine wake-promoting drug for EDS. Based on the identification of narcolepsy genes in animals, the primary pathophysiology of human narcolepsy has recently been clarified. The genes responsible for the pathogenesis of canine narcolepsy (hypocretin/orexin ligand and its receptor) have been discovered using both forward (positional cloning) and reverse (mouse gene knockout) genetics. Novel hypothalamic neuropeptides called hypocretins and orexins have a role in a number of hypothalamic processes, including neuroendocrine and energy balance. Although hypocretin-related gene mutations are uncommon in humans, hypocretin-ligand deficiency is a common cause of narcolepsy-cataplexy. The clinical, pathophysiological, and pharmacological facets of narcolepsy are covered in this review.
Tutela corporativa do jogador patológico e do transtorno de jogo: o gambling compliance a partir da Lei nº 14.790/2023
Authors: Fernandes da Costa Lucas
Published: September 2024

Esta pesquisa bibliográfica, valendo-se do método dedutivo e de direito comparado, pretende analisar a eficácia do instituto do gambling compliance como mecanismo de tutela corporativa do jogador patológico e do transtorno de jogo no âmbito da Lei nº 14.790/2023. Para concretização deste objetivo, o artigo se desenhará da seguinte forma: (i) inicialmente, promoveremos uma análise dogmática geral da Lei nº 14.790/2023, observando os conceitos delineados, bem como os direitos e deveres compreendidos a usuários e empresas e os mecanismos de fiscalização de sanção por parte do Estado brasileiro; (ii) em seguida, faremos um recorte específico sobre o tratamento do jogador patológico e transtorno de jogo, enfatizando eventuais atecnias por parte do legislação em confronto com sua intenção diante de previsões preventivas e proibitivas; (iii) por fim, faremos uma análise do enquadramento do gambling compliance como ferramenta de integridade a ser adotada pelas empresas diante dos mecanismos de fiscalização estatal da atividade sobre a tutela prestada aos jogadores patológicos e os que apresentam transtorno de jogo. Em sede de considerações finais, indicaremos as principais conclusões obtidas a partir da pesquisa, bem como potenciais direcionamentos a estudos futuros sobre o tema.
La infraestructura urbana en relación con el derecho al cuidado y al tiempo
Authors: Pérez Castaño Laura
Published: September 2024

The incorporation of a gender perspective in urban design has gained importance since the 1960s and 1970s, focusing on how city layouts can ease caregiving responsibilities and promote gender equality. Feminist urbanism advocates for redesigning cities to prioritize life and social reproduction, emphasizing the need for infrastructure that recognizes the essential role of caregiving and supports the well-being of both caregivers and recipients. This approach highlights the importance of urban policies aimed at reducing the time and effort required for caregiving task.
Health vs. Price Sensitivity: Analyzing Willingness to Pay a Premium for Organic Food among Low- and Middle-Income Consumers in Indonesia
Authors: Andika Andika , Setyanta Budi
Published: September 2024

Organic foods are known to be safer, healthier, and environmentally beneficial. However, the organic food market in developing countries like Indonesia remains small compared to developed nations. This study analyzes the role of health beliefs (HB) in shaping consumer attitudes (CA) and willingness to pay a premium (WTPP) for organic food, with price sensitivity (PS) as a moderating variable within the context of low and middle-income consumers in Indonesia. This analysis is conducted using the integration of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and Customer Value Theory (CVT). A quantitative approach was employed, distributing questionnaires across various regions of Indonesia. 270 responses were examined using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that HB significantly influences CA toward organic food. CA also substantially affects the WTPP. However, HB does not directly impact the WTPP, except through CA as a mediator. PS moderates the effect, strengthening the relationship between CA and WTPP. This study provides essential insights for producers and policymakers to develop more effective marketing strategies by considering health awareness, HB, and consumers’ economic limitations.
ACO Based Shortest Path between Locations within a Campus
Authors: Wenisch S Maria , Asha A Amali
Published: September 2024

Modelling the behaviour of nature is the most inspiring field among researchers. Many algorithms are developed based on the behaviour of nature to solve problems including solution to very complex problems. Ant Colony Optimization - ACO is a best optimization algorithm used almost in all the fields to find solution to the difficult combinatorial problems. In our paper we are using ACO to find out the shortest path between the locations within the campus. This is used to give path direction to the visually challenged students within our campus to reach out the various places. The shortest path information will be used as a basis for the design of a voice monitoring system. This voice monitoring system guides the visually challenged students.
Comparative Characteristics of the Areas of the Auricle Sectors in Young Men with Different Head Shapes
Authors: Bityukov S. L. , Luzin V. I.
Published: September 2024

As reported in the scientific literature, data on the correlations between the shape and size of the auricle and other anatomical structures of the human body are very limited. There are no data on the relationship between the auricle and the shape of the head. The aim of the study was to determine the sizes of the auricle sectors and their correlations with the shape of the head. Material and methods. The study involved young men (n=401) aged 18-21 years. The shape of the head was determined by cephalometry. The right auricle was studied on digital images. The authors determined the area of individual sectors and their percentage ratio and analysed a linear correlation. The dynamics of the relationship between sectors in each group and between groups was studied in accordance with the shape of the head. Results. The sizes of the auricle sectors and their percentage ratio were detected. Correlation links between the sectors, the dynamics of the relationships between the sectors within one group and between the groups by head shape were revealed. Mobile and permanent sectors and dependence of their relative sizes on the head shape were identified. The relationship between the sizes of the sectors and the head shape was demonstrated. Conclusion. The areas of the auricle sectors increase from S1 to S4 regardless of the head shape. In the dolichocephalic group, all sizes have the largest absolute values, in mesocephalics - average, in brachycephalics - the smallest. The ratio of the S1 sector area to the area of other sectors are maximum in the dolichocephalic group. The ratios of the S2/S4 and S3/S4 sectors areas do not depend on the head shape and absolute values of the parameters, and are the same in all groups.
Analysis of the Structural Organization of the Human Finger Phalanges Using Anatomical Network Models
Authors: Ermolenko A. S.
Published: September 2024

Despite the fact that the morphogenetic mechanisms of human finger transformation during ontogenesis are currently known, the issues of how they are organized into a complex integrated structure of the distal hand remains open. This question remains unanswered for several reasons, including the lack of consensus on conceptual definitions and approaches, as well as tools for assessing and comparing variations in several anatomical parts of the hand. The aim of the study was to investigate the structural organization of the human finger phalanges using anatomical network analysis (AnNA). Material and methods. In this study, the authors applied the IGRAPH package functions in the R data analysis programming environment for AnNA. Network modeling and layout were performed using the Fruchterman-Reingold algorithm. Analysis of the structure, as well as modularity and integration in the networks, was performed using the spin-glass algorithm. X-ray osteometric indices of the I–V fingers phalanx length were used to assess AnNA in 100 men and 100 women of the middle age without traumatic changes, deformations, and developmental deviations. Results. AnNA demonstrates a two-level organization of the distal hand in the form of a proximal module including the proximal phalanges and a distal module combining the middle and distal phalanges. When comparing the features of the network models of the distal hand, it was found that in women, the organization of the finger phalanges is characterised by higher morphological integration and modularity (modularity 0.43) than in men (modularity 0.38). orphological modularity and integration are organizing factors in the structure of the finger phalanges of the human distal hand. Conclusion. The study results demonstrate that the structural organization of the finger phalanges of the human hand is a system of individual anatomical modules of the phalanges.
Prognostic and Predictive Capabilities of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast Cancer
Authors: Tseluiko A. I. , Semiglazov V. F. , Kudaibergenova A. G. , Artem'eva A. S. , Paltuev R. M.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study is to evaluate the prognostic and predictive capabilities of tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer (BC); to study the prognostic value of T-cell (CD8+, CD3+) lymphocyte infiltration of the tumor and the level of T-regulatory (CD4+) lymphocytes; to study the prognostic and predictive value of the expression of proteins Forkhead Box Protein 3, check-point PD-1, PDL1. Materials and methods. The content of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and their quantitative ratio and correlation with regulatory genes were assessed. Archival material was used in the work. The study included archival data from the cancer registry of 1240 patients treated at the N.N. Petrov Cancer Research Institute from 2000 to 2009. Histological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin were scanned. Ten-year relapse-free and overall survival were assessed. Results. About 80% of patients with BC have low levels of tumor infiltration by CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and CD3+ lymphocytes. Expression of the PD-L1 gene was detected more often (29.5%) in triple-negative breast cancer, 1.5 times less often (18.2%) in HER2+ BC and extremely rarely (1.5%) in luminal A subtype. Severe (more than 10%) lymphocytic infiltration of CD8+ and CD3+ with low expression of PD-L1 and FOXP3 improves relapse-free and overall survival of patients with BC. Conclusion. The inclusion of lymphocytic infiltration of the tumor as a prognostic biomarker represents an important step in understanding the biology of BC.
An Overview of Pharmaceutical Reconciliation
Authors: Poorheidari Gholamreza , Mashhadi Akbar Boojar Mahdi
Published: September 2024

During the move between healthcare settings and changes in the medical status of patients, it is very important to update the correct drug regimen according to the clinical conditions to avoid the possibility of medical errors. Nearly half of medication errors occur during initial admission, transfer between hospital departments, and before discharge. Among these errors, about 30% of cases have the potential of seriously harming the patient. Some risk factors, such as old age and the number of drugs used, are associated with an increased risk of medication discrepancies. The medication reconciliation process can significantly reduce the risk of potential errors. It includes obtaining, verifying, and documenting a list of the patient's current medications and comparing it to the patient's medication orders and condition to identify and resolve any discrepancies. Comparing what is being prescribed in one setting with what is being taken in another will prevent errors of drug-drug interactions, omission, and other discrepancies. Pharmaceutical reconciliation is an important element of patient safety and rational drug use, and it can significantly contribute to the health economy.
Cybersecurity Threats in Internet of Things (IoT) Networks: Vulnerabilities and Defense Mechanisms
Authors: Lakhani Rishit
Published: September 2024

In fact, the mushrooming development of IoT has reshaped industries and everyday life in connecting devices, networks, and systems. Accompanying this phenomenal growth are formidable challenges related to cybersecurity. The major reasons why IoT networks are more susceptible to a variety of cyber threats are the limited computational resources of devices, a lack of standardized security protocols, and the large-scale interconnectedness of devices. This paper throws light on some of the major cybersecurity threats to IoT networks, such as device vulnerabilities, network-based attacks, and data breaches. It further pays attention to the root causes of such vulnerability exposures. Further, it discusses an in-depth analysis of some of the existing defense mechanisms involving advanced authentication methods, encryption techniques, and network security measures. The work also probes into some state-of-the-art security technologies like blockchain and artificial intelligence that hold immense promise for securing IoT. It analyzes real case studies of IoT attacks, such as the Mirai Botnet and Jeep Cherokee Hack, to depict the impact of such threats and extract some helpful lessons in securing future IoT systems. The paper then concludes with discussions on the ever-evolving IoT cybersecurity landscape and how new approaches to defense strategies continue to be thought out, developed, and implemented as these risks continue to mount.
Quantile connectedness between social network sentiment and sustainability index volatility: Evidence from the Moroccan financial market
Authors: El Oubani Ahmed
Published: September 2024

The goal of this paper is to investigate the connectedness between investor sentiment and volatility on the environmental, social, and governance index (ESG) in Morocco. Therefore, on the basis of an investor sentiment index constructed from the X platform, and using quantile and frequency connectedness approaches, the findings reveal a significant connectedness between sentiment and ESG volatility, particularly during turbulent events. Although sentiment acts most of the time as a net receiver of shocks, notably during the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical crises, it sometimes becomes a net sender of shocks. Furthermore, the spillovers between sentiment and ESG volatility are determined mainly by the long-term component, especially during extreme events, implying the persistence of shock transmission due to high uncertainty. The results also illustrate the impact of market conditions on the spillovers between sentiment and ESG volatility. The conclusions of this study provide useful guidance for pro-ESG investors, policymakers, and companies.
Metodologías aplicadas a la gestión de la logística aeronáutica - Capítulo 1: Introducción a la metodología de investigación aplicada en la Maestría de Logística Aeronáutica
Authors: Rincón Cuta Yeisson Alexis , Rincón Sandoval Jaime Giovanny , Hoyos Gómez Feyber
Published: September 2024

Capitulo perteneciente al libro: Metodologías aplicadas a la gestión de la logística aeronáutica: fortalecimiento del enfoque de liderazgo con habilidades duras para una eficiente planificación avanzada de calidad
Helicópteros en la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana (1995 – 2015)
Authors: Gómez Miranda Ervin Orlando , Gómez Jaramillo Rafael Andrés , Rojas Ortíz Zully Ximena
Published: September 2024

Colombia vivió una de sus épocas más violentas en los años 80 y 90: la toma del Palacio de Justicia por parte del M-19, la toma de la embajada, el narcotráfico, el crecimiento de las farc gracias al dinero del narcotráfico, el surgimiento de las auc, las tomas a las poblaciones y el reclutamiento forzado de menores por parte de las farc, son algunos de los hechos que marcaron esta época. Estas acciones hicieron imperativo un cambio en la forma de actuar, no solo por parte de las Fuerzas Militares, sino también en el estamento más alto del Gobierno.
Há inversão de percurso discente da educação básica ao ensino superior no Brasil?
Authors: Oliveira Kaio Breno Belizario de , Pontes Junior José Airton de Freitas , Carvalho Mark Clark Assen de
Published: September 2024

Este artigo busca fomentar o debate acerca do desempenho de estudantes no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem), considerando que o resultado deste exame se configura como uma ferramenta que pode contribuir com o processo de democratização do acesso à educação superior, no contexto das políticas educacionais implementadas na última década. Buscamos responder a duas perguntas: “Para qual tipo de Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) os alunos têm motivação em ingressar?” e “De qual tipo de escola da educação básica os alunos são egressos?”. O estudo tem o objetivo de elaborar uma estrutura hipotética acerca de uma possível inversão do percurso escolar. Para isso, utilizou-se da pesquisa quantitativa, com a qual se buscou responder as perguntas com base nos microdados do Enem de 2015 e do Censo da Educação Superior de 2016. Os resultados das duas análises indicam que: 1) os candidatos ao Enem são altamentemotivados a ingressar em IES públicas, mas os alunos de escolas públicas são mais motivados a ingressar em IES privadas do que os de escola particular; 2) a maioria dos alunos das IES públicas é oriunda de escolas particulares, ao passo que a maior parte dos discentes de IES privadas provém de escolas públicas.
As concepções que fundamentam a EJA: consonâncias e dissonâncias no ensino de matemática
Authors: Paiva Júnior Francisco Pessoa de
Published: September 2024

Este artigo teve como contexto de pesquisa a questão do ensino de matemática no curso Técnico em Administração no Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na Modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos, ofertado no IFMA Campus Santa Inês (CSI). O objetivo geral da investigação foi apresentar as concepções presentes no PROEJA/CSI, a partir dos discursos presentes no seu PPC, e os discursos dos professores que ensinam matemática e, assim, responder à nossa questão norteadora: quais as concepções que fundamentam o PROEJA/CSI e a sua consonância ou dissonância com o ensino de matemática que é desenvolvido em sala de aula, no decorrer do curso? Os principais aportes teóricos foram Gadotti (2011), Freire (1967), Ciavatta (2014), Fonseca (2020), Barbosa (2017), Arroyo (2005). A metodologia utilizada foi a de abordagem qualitativa, através da análise semiótica discursiva, pautada emGreimas (1973, 1979), Fiorin (2018, 2019), Barros (2007) e Leite (2014), considerando três instrumentos de produção de dados: a) o PPC do curso; b) entrevistas semiestruturadas; e, c) observação participante. Os sujeitos participantes da pesquisa foram quatro professores que lecionam matemática no PROEJA/CSI. Como resultado, observamos a existência de dissonâncias entre os discursos dos professores que ensinam matemática e a concepção presente no PPC do PROEJA/CSI, com reflexo direto nas práticas pedagógicas desses docentes.
Aprendizagem experiencial na extensão universitária: impactos na formação em enfermagem e saúde mental
Authors: Souza Girliani Silva de , Monteiro Marlene Azevedo Magalhães , Chaves Miriam Maria Gonçalves , Reinaldo Amanda Márcia dos Santos
Published: September 2024

O presente estudo teve como objetivo discutir a extensão universitária em enfermagem e saúde mental e sua contribuição para a formação do enfermeiro por meio das narrativas de extensionistas. Trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo história oral. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas com enfermeiros que participaram de um projeto de extensão em saúde mental desenvolvido em um Centro de Convivência da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados foram analisados sob a perspectiva da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que a vivência no projeto contribuiu para a escolha da especialidade de enfermagem em saúde mental como campo de atuação profissional, influenciando as escolhas profissionais dos extensionistas em áreas afins, como a educação em saúde. As experiências no campo da saúde mental potencializaram a autonomia e a capacidade de planejamento na vida e na profissão, além de oportunizar explorar habilidades, desenvolver competências, reduzir estigma e preconceito em relação ao adoecimento mental, contribuindo para a formação profissional do enfermeiro.
Levels of Renewable Energy Use in Selected European Union Countries – Statistical Assessment of Changes and Prospects for Development
Authors: Stec Małgorzata , Grzebyk Mariola , Caputa Wiesława , Hejdukova Pavlina
Published: September 2024

The search for and use of green energy sources is an important course of action for the European Union (EU). The paper compares the 13 EU countries that acceded to the EU in 2004 and afterwards in terms of the level of renewable energy use. The primary indicator used to assess the use of renewable energy sources (RES) was the share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption from 2007 to 2021. Statistical data were sourced from the Eurostat database. The results of the study confirm that between 2007 and 2021, there were positive changes in the use of renewable energy in most of the countries. The prospects for renewable energy development in these countries were assessed by constructing forecasts of the indicator concerning the share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption for 2022–2024. For most of the countries, the forecasts were highly and sufficiently precise, meaning the countries have a chance of meeting the RES targets set out in EU directives.
Budowanie relacji w nadzorach kuratorskich
Authors: Miśkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

Celem przeprowadzonych badań przedstawionych w monografii była rekonstrukcja rytuałów interakcyjnych ujawnianych przez kuratorów rodzinnych w relacjach z nadzorowanymi w ich miejscu zamieszkania. W głównym polu widzenia znalazł się kurator działający w przestrzeni życia codziennego nadzorowanych rodzin. Inspiracje teoretyczne wyznaczały założenia interakcjonizmu symbolicznego. W ujęciu interakcjonistycznym zawierają się̨ podejście dramaturgiczne oraz teoria rytuałów interakcyjnych Ervinga Goffmana, które były wiodące w moich badaniach. Inny kontekst w moich analizach stanowiła koncepcja „brudnej pracy”, zapoczątkowana przez Everetta Hughesa. Przedmiotem badań były działania kuratora rodzinnego podejmowane na rzecz osiągania celów zawodowych w relacjach z nadzorowanymi w ich naturalnym środowisku życia. Główną̨ strategią badawczą była etnografia, a procedury metodologii ugruntowanej były matrycą dla analizy i interpretacji materiału empirycznego. Wykorzystałam w badaniach obserwację uczestniczącą jawną i wywiady etnograficzne, nieformalne (konwersacyjne) oraz swobodne. W wynikach badań własnych uwzględniłam charakterystykę̨ terenu pracy kuratora oraz sposoby radzenia sobie kuratora z obciążeniami związanymi ze specyfiką terenu. Wyłoniłam także strategie zarządzania nadzorami przez kuratora, które ujawniły swoisty dualizm roli zawodowej kuratora rodzinnego. Ponadto zilustrowałam strategie rozmawiania, które stanowią dominujący element zarzadzania przez kuratora relacjami z podopiecznymi.
Developing a guide of group counselling with cognitive behaviour model in Indonesian Junior High Schools Students
Authors: Wantu Tuti
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to produce and test the effectiveness of the guide of group counseling with the cognitive behavior model in improving junior high school student’s understanding of the dangers of bullying. It employed seven out of nine stages of research and development by Sugiyono. The effectiveness test relied on the experimental method with the one-group pretest-posttest design involving 15 junior high school students as the subject. Further, questionnaires were used as the primary data collection technique. The data were then analyzed by applying the percentage analysis and t-test. The results showed a guide of group counseling with a cognitive behavior model to improve students’ understanding of the dangers of bullying had been produced; the guide was also proven to be effective in bettering the understanding of the dangers of bullying.
Keywords: Bullying; cognitive behavior model; group counseling.
Approaches to moral bioenhancement in classical and liberal eugenics
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Perova Nina V. , Glebova Sofia V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: September 2024

Background:The general trendtowards the moralization of society, associated both with attempts to overcome the state of social and political crises, and determined by the general tendency to accept the Other, determines the need to address issues of mor-al improvement of moral agents. At first glance, biological improvement seems more reliable, because in the future it is more stable and predictable. In this regard, it seems extremely important to turn to the tradition of eugenic discussions. Aim: To analyze approaches to improving amoral agent using biological methods in domestic and world science.Materials and methods: To achievethe goal of the work, materials from the Galton School of Eugenics, policy articles of the Russian Eugenics Society by N.K. were analyzed. Koltsov and the modern discourse of liberal eugenics.Results: On the one hand, the biological improvement of a moral agent seems to be more predictable (in the case of relevant re-search) and more sustainable. On the other hand, history shows us the risks of this approach. The failure of classical eugenics, which degenerated in Europe into Nazi practices, and political decisions close to them in the USA seems obvious. Modern «liberal eugenics», in attempts to solve these problems, runs into the risks of discrimination. Conclusion: For more than a century, moral bioenhancement scholars have failed to offer specific criteria for a moral agent. Based on the analysis of eugenic discourse, the article raises ethical questions, the answers to which must be given to the scientific community before conducting practical experiments
Discussion of the problems of modern bioethics at the III All-Russian Congress of Young Scientists (Sirius, November 28–30, 2023)
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Sedova Natalya N.
Published: September 2024

The III All-Russian Congress of Young Scientists was held in Sirius in the autumn of 2023. The program of the Con-gress included the section «Scientific search and ethical and legal issues of research activities», which gathered a large number of partici-pants. Interestingly, Vladimir Mikhailovich Filippov, Chairman of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Valery Nikolaevich Falkov, Minister of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Mikhail Albertovich Murashko, Minister of Health of the Russian Federation, Alexander Leonidovich Khokhdov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chairman of the Council on Ethics of Clinical Research of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, took part in the work of the section. and others. It should be noted that academician A.L. Khokhlov in November 2023 He presented the position of the Russian scientific community on bioethics at the 42nd session of the UNESCO General Conference in Paris, thanks to which Russia resumed its membership in the Intergovernmental Committee on Bioethics of UNESCO. The moderator of the section was Maria Vladimirovna Vorontsova, a pediatric endocrinologist, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Fundamental Medicine of Moscow State University, member of the Academic Council of Moscow State University. The moderator outlined the problem that the section was devoted to. It can be summarized as follows: 1. All scientific research is governed by law and morality. The law acts unambiguously, and the need for an ethical assessment is always presented, especially in the scientific field, which has not yet received legal support 2. An important issue, therefore, is the question of the ethical examination of scientific research. There are different types of re-search in modern biomedicine and, of course, modification of ethical examination procedures is necessary. Here we will focus on the most important issues discussed at the section meeting.
International medical educational space in the context of digital civilization
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Alshuk Natalya A. , Abenavoli Ludovico ,   University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Batirov Davronbek Yu. ,   Urgench Branch of the Tashkent Medical Academy
Published: September 2024

A modern university is a place where meanings are created. These meanings are transmitted primarily through the uni-versity's website, through social networks, where the university is represented. To put it in marketing terms, it is through digital re-sources that the university is looking for clients-students. And this is where educational, scientific, and commercial interests intersect, which makes it fundamentally important to universalize ethical requirements for all participants in this process. At the same time, digi-tal transformation is becoming an objective necessity for the development of education and the formation of a client base for the future, as well as for maintaining contacts with students' parents and graduates. And it is those universities that get involved in this process faster and better that will benefit. The university's website is the main resource where its meanings are broadcast and moral stories are objectified. Aim: to clarify the concept of digitalization of medical education as an international phenomenon regulated by general ethi-cal and social requirements. To date, there is no universally accepted definition of such a concept as digitalization of medical education, since this term is a rather complex multifaceted phenomenon.We are considering medical education, the possibility of obtaining it using digital technologies, analyzing the volume of built-in digital education, its feasibility and relevance. The website is the main resource of the university in terms of marketing, information, education and regulatory regulation of the entire learning process. Special requirements are imposed on its form and content in the situ-ation of teaching medical students in a foreign language environment.
Individual and personalized approach in bioethics: basic principles and recommendations
Authors:   Rostov State Medical University, Wiegel Narine L. , Emiliano Mettini ,   Russian National University of Research and Medicine named after N.I. Pirogov
Published: September 2024

Social medicine focuses on the social and economic aspects of health and related inequalities. It recognizes the im-portance of considering the sociobiological context of the patient when prescribing and providing health care.In this understanding, a person in social medicine is considered as an individual who is in interaction with the environment, social living conditions, cultural factors, access to medical services, economic and political realities. It also includes understanding the pa-tient's needs, expectations and preferences and how these may influence treatment decisions and subsequent recovery.This article dis-cusses the topic of an individual and personalized approach in bioethics. The basic principles underlying an individual and personalized approach in bioethics include taking into account individual values and preferences of patients, ensuring their autonomy, attention to potential risks and affirming equity in access to personalized medicine. The authors identify the main principles and offer recommenda-tions on the use of an individual and personalized approach in bioethics. An individual approach to planning and treatment includes taking into account the physiological, psychological, social and spiritual characteristics of the patient. It aims to create a treatment plan that, based on scientific evidence, best suits each patient's individual needs and goals. Ethical resolution of dilemmas and conflicts is an integral part of the individual approach. An open dialogue between the patient and members of the medical community, as well as ad-herence to the principles of justice, allows us to reach agreement and constructive solutions in difficult ethical situations. Overall, an individualized and personalized approach to bioethics helps improve the quality of medical practice and meet the unique needs of each patient. It embraces and respects the identity and diversity of individual values and beliefs, helping to create a more equitable and humane health care system.
Küresel Okul Yönetimi Zihniyeti Geliştirmek: Çok Kültürlü Okulların Yönetimi
Authors: Çağlıyan Hatice , Taş Said
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, okul yöneticilerinin çok kültürlü okul yönetimine ilişkin farkındalıklarını belirlemek; farklılıklara ve etnik kökenlere uyum sağlayabilen müdürlerin kişisel özellikleri ve becerilerini belirlemektir. Bunun yanında, okullarda her geçen gün artmakta olan etnokültürel çeşitliliklerin nasıl yönetileceği üzerine tespitlerde bulunmak; okul yöneticilerinin çok kültürlü eğitim sürecinde yaşadıkları sorunların neler olduğunu ortaya koyarak bu sorunlara çözüm önerileri sunmaktır. Bu araştırma ile çok kültürlü okulların yönetimini okul yöneticilerinin görüşleri çerçevesinde değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma nitel araştırma yönteminin fenomenoloji deseninde oluşturulmuştur. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile 13 okul yöneticisinden veriler toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmış ve veriler Maxqda 24 ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, çok kültürlü okulların yöneticilerinin konu üzerine farkındalıklarının yeterli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çok kültürlü okul yöneticilerinin kişisel özellik ve yeterlilikleri arasında hoşgörü, empati, kültürel duyarlılık yer almaktadır. Ceşitliliklerin yönetimi kapsamında okula uyum, cazibe merkezi okul ve yönetici görevleri vurgulanmıştır. Son olarak okul yöneticilerinin çok kültürlü eğitim ile ilgili yaşadıkları sorunların başlıcalarının ön yargı, düzensiz aile yaşamı, ayrımcılık ve davranışsal problemler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Farklılıkları zenginlik olarak görme çözüm önerisi olarak sunulmuştur. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda, okul yöneticilerinin çok kültürlü okul yönetimi üzerine dinamik olarak eğitim almaları önerilebilir.
Migration Management in the Countries of the Eurasian Economic Union: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Ledeneva Victoria
Published: September 2024

The article presents a comparative analysis of migration management in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (hereinafter referred to as the EAEU). Both common features and differences in approaches to migration management are analyzed. The purpose of the article is a comparative analysis of the migration policies of the EAEU member states with an emphasis on identifying key problems and specific features, considering national peculiarities in the management of migration processes. The novelty lies in a comprehensive comparative analysis of the migration legislation of the EAEU member states, which has not been conducted so far. The article presents a systematization of the mechanisms used to manage migration, as well as their critical assessment in terms of effectiveness and impact on migration processes in the region. The article uses an interdisciplinary approach combining the analysis of statistical data, political and strategic documents of the participating countries. The study offers recommendations for improving interstate cooperation in the field of migration and improving the efficiency of migration management within the EAEU, as well as for developing a unified and coordinated migration policy of the Union, which is especially relevant in the context of the social dynamics of current geopolitical challenges.
Depopulation and Limitations of Demographic Statistics in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Zlotnikov Anatoly
Published: September 2024

The article considers the problems in the demographic processes of the Republic of Belarus. The fluctuations in the modern demographic "waves" of Belarus are analyzed. It is argued that the reproductive processes of the Republic are characterized by changes in the depopulation spiral. Concern about the prospects for its demographic development is substantiated. The problems of the state demographic policy in overcoming depopulation are noted. The state of the Belarusian demographic science in developing approaches to the implementation of demographic policy is highlighted. A characteristic of management decisions is given, both their positive and negative role in the implementation of demographic policy. The significance of the Concept of National Security of the Republic of Belarus and the role of ensuring demographic security in it are shown. In the light of the Concept of National Security of the country, the consequences of restrictions on statistical information for demographic science and demographic policy of Belarus are studied. The role of demographic information in ensuring the national security of the Republic is revealed. The results of the mechanism for recounting the population from the results of the 2019 population census are disclosed. Methodological approaches to calculating the indicators of the reproductive situation of Belarus in 2020-2023 are presented. in conditions of limited demographic statistics.
New Trends in Migration from Kyrgyzstan to the Russian Federation
Authors: Ryazantsev Sergei , Sydygalieva Begimai
Published: September 2024

In recent decades, population migration has become one of the main components of socio-economic development of Kyrgyzstan. In recent years, Kyrgyz citizens have been working in Russia and Kazakhstan. A comparative analysis of the number and structure of flows of Kyrgyz labour migrants is carried out on the basis of data from a sample national survey of household budgets, the National Statistical Committee of Kyrgyzstan, the Federal Migration Service of Russia, the Main Directorate for Migration Issues of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and Rosstat. The key problems of the social and legal situation of Kyrgyz migrants in Russia were identified: lack of registration at the place of stay, restriction/ ban on entry, non-payment of wages, access to medical care, and receipt of pensions. Gradually, under the influence of external and internal factors, new trends of labour migration to the Middle East and the Persian Gulf, the Republic of Korea and Japan, Europe and America have emerged. Migration flows are becoming more and more organised, as they involve the country's public authorities, private employment agencies, international companies and other actors. The study shows that the key needs for Kyrgyz migrant workers in the near future are concentrated in the following regions (in addition to traditional destinations): first, Western European countries (Great Britain and Germany); second, East Asia (Republic of Korea and Japan); third, Eastern European countries (Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria); fourth, the Middle East (Turkey and the Gulf countries); fifth, Northern Europe (Sweden and Finland). The official discourse in Kyrgyzstan is increasingly gaining momentum on the need to transform migration policy from large-scale export of labour resources to employment of surplus labour resources within the country by creating new jobs and expanding production. New ideological approaches to the transition of Kyrgyzstan from the category of countries– exporters of labour resources to the category of countries actively developing their own production and labour market are practically formed.