bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Reconstruction of High-Resolution 3D Models of Large Chromosomes
Authors: Trieu Tuan , Oluwadare Oluwatosin , Cheng Jianlin
Published: March 2019

Eukaryotic chromosomes are often composed of components organized into multiple scales, such as nucleosomes, chromatin fibers, topologically associated domains (TAD), chromosome compartments, and chromosome territories. Therefore, reconstructing detailed 3D models of chromosomes in high resolution is useful for advancing genome research. However, the task of constructing quality high-resolution 3D models is still challenging with existing methods. Hence, we designed a hierarchical algorithm, called Hierarchical3DGenome, to reconstruct 3D chromosome models at high resolution (<=5 Kilobase (KB)). The algorithm first reconstructs high-resolution 3D models at TAD level. The TAD models are then assembled to form complete high-resolution chromosomal models. The assembly of TAD models is guided by a complete low-resolution chromosome model. The algorithm is successfully used to reconstruct 3D chromosome models at 5 KB resolution for the human B-cell (GM12878). These high-resolution models satisfy Hi-C chromosomal contacts well and are consistent with models built at lower (i.e. 1 MB) resolution, and with the data of fluorescent in situ hybridization experiments. The Java source code of Hierarchical3DGenome and its user manual are available here https://github.com/BDM-Lab/Hierarchical3DGenome.
Urtica dioica L. inhibits proliferation and enhances cisplatin cytotoxicity in NSCLC cells via Endoplasmic Reticulum-stress mediated apoptosis
Authors: D’Abrosca Brigida , Ciaramella Vincenza , Graziani Vittoria , Papaccio Federica , Della Corte Carminia Maria , Potenza Nicoletta , Fiorentino Antonio , Ciardiello Fortunato , Morgillo Floriana
Published: March 2019

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer and the ineffectiveness of the current therapies seriously limits the survival rate of NSCLC patients. In the search for new antitumor agents, nature has played a pivotal role providing a variety of molecules, which are likely to exert selective anti-tumour properties. Herein, we investigated the antiproliferative potential of Urtica dioica L. extract (UD) against NSCLC cell models with low sensitivity to cisplatin, a cytotoxic agent largely employed to cure NSCLCs. UD inhibited cell proliferation in the selected cells, while no toxic effects were observed in normal lung cells. Furthermore, the co-treatment of UD and cisplatin notably sensitised NSCLC cells to cisplatin. Mechanistically, we discovered that UD-promoted endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress via activation of the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene 153 (GADD153) triggering apoptosis. We also performed an extensive NMR analysis of UD, identifying rutin and oxylipins as the main secondary metabolites present in the mixture. Additionally, we discovered that an oxylipins’ enriched fraction contributes to the antiproliferative activity of the plant extract. In the future, this study may provide new chemical scaffolds for the design of anti-cancer agents that target NSCLCs with low sensitivity to cisplatinum.
Andrographolide attenuates imbalance of gastric vascular homeostasis induced by ethanol through glycolysis pathway
Authors: Yao Huan , Wu Ziqiang , Xu Yiming , Xu Huan , Lou Guanhua , Jiang Qing , Fan Weichuan , Liu Weiming , Zheng Chuan , Gao Yongxiang , Wang Yong
Published: March 2019

Different kinds of factors contribute to gastric ulcer development which characterized by damaging gastric mucosal layer. However, gastric vascular homeostasis is not well defined and whether andrographolide has a protective function is largely unknown. The goal of this study is to investigate the potential function roles and underlying mechanism by which andrographolide regulates gastric vascular homeostasis in vivo and in vitro. Gastric ulcer animal model induced on andrographolide pretreated C57/BL6 mouse by ethanol intragastric administration. Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain, Masson’s trichrome stain and Immunohistochemistry stain performed to observe gastric vascular homeostasis, which associated hemorrhage, extracellular matrix deposition and macrophage infiltration. The activity of vascular endothelial cells were associated with the proliferation and migration, which were detected using cell counting, MTS, and wound scratch healing assay. The underlying endothelial glycolytic mechanism investigated in vivo and in vitro. Andrographolide pretreatment dramatically attenuates ethanol intragastric administration induced imbalance of gastric vascular homeostasis which characterized by severe hemorrhage, increase extracellular matrix deposition and augment macrophage infiltration. Andrographolide treatment conspicuous inhibits HUVEC-C activity characterized by suppressing proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. Mechanically, andrographolide treatment significant suppresses the expression of glycolytic genes, especially decrease PFKFB3 expression. The treatment with PFKFB3 inhibitor, 3-PO, exacerbates the inhibitory function of andrographolide on vascular endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Those data Suggests that andrographolide contributes to maintain gastric vascular homeostasis, at least partially, by inhibiting PFKFB3 mediated glycolysis pathway. Andrographolide plays a crucial role in maintaining gastric vascular homeostasis during gastric ulcer development through regulating vascular endothelial cell glycolytic pathway.
Targeting hormone refractory prostate cancer by in vivo selected DNA libraries in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model
Authors: Civit Laia , Theodorou Ioanna , Frey Franziska , Weber Holger , Lingnau Andreas , Gröber Carsten , Blank Michael , Dambrune Chloé , Stunden James , Beyer Marc , Schultze Joachim , Latz Eicke , Ducongé Frédéric , Kubbutat Michael H. G. , Mayer Günter
Published: March 2019

The targeting of specific tissue is a major challenge for the effective use of therapeutics and agents mediating this targeting are strongly demanded. We report here on an in vivo selection technology that enables the de novo identification of pegylated DNA aptamers pursuing tissue sites harbouring a hormone refractory prostate tumour. To this end, two libraries, one of which bearing an 11 kDa polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification, were used in an orthotopic xenograft prostate tumour mouse model for the selection process. Next-generation sequencing revealed an in vivo enriched pegylated but not a naïve DNA aptamer recognising prostate cancer tissue implanted either subcutaneous or orthotopically in mice. This aptamer represents a valuable and cost-effective tool for the development of targeted therapies for prostate cancer. The described selection strategy and its analysis is not limited to prostate cancer but will be adaptable to various tissues, tumours, and metastases. This opens the path towards DNA aptamers being experimentally and clinically engaged as molecules for developing targeted therapy strategies.
The pentaglycine bridges of Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan are essential for cell integrity
Authors: Monteiro João M. , Covas Gonçalo , Rausch Daniela , Filipe Sérgio R. , Schneider Tanja , Sahl Hans-Georg , Pinho Mariana G.
Published: March 2019

Bacterial cells are surrounded by cell wall, whose main component is peptidoglycan (PG), a macromolecule that withstands the internal turgor of the cell. PG composition can vary considerably between species. The Gram-positive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus possesses highly crosslinked PG due to the presence of cross bridges containing five glycines, which are synthesised by the FemXAB protein family. FemX adds the first glycine of the cross bridge, while FemA and FemB add the second and the third, and the fourth and the fifth glycines, respectively. Of these, FemX was reported to be essential. To investigate the essentiality of FemAB, we constructed a conditional S. aureus mutant of the femAB operon. Depletion of femAB was lethal, with cells appearing as pseudomulticellular forms that eventually lyse due to extensive membrane rupture. This deleterious effect was mitigated by drastically increasing the osmolarity of the medium, indicating that pentaglycine crosslinks are required for S. aureus cells to withstand internal turgor. Despite the absence of canonical membrane targeting domains, FemA has been shown to localise at the membrane. To study its mechanism of localisation, we constructed mutants in key residues present in the putative transferase pocket and the α6 helix of FemA, possibly involved in tRNA binding. Mutations in the α6 helix led to a sharp decrease in protein activity in vivo and in vitro but did not impair correct membrane localisation, indicating that FemA activity is not required for localisation. Our data indicates that, contrarily to what was previously thought, S. aureus cells do not survive in the absence of a pentaglycine cross bridge.
IL-27 promotes NK cell effector functions via Maf-Nrf2 pathway during influenza infection
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Rajasekaran Kamalakannan , Nanbakhsh Arash , Gorski Jack , Thakar Monica S. , Malarkannan Subramaniam
Published: March 2019

Influenza virus targets epithelial cells in the upper respiratory tract. Natural Killer (NK) cell-mediated early innate defense responses to influenza infection include the killing of infected epithelial cells and generation of anti-viral cytokines including interferon gamma (IFN-γ). To date, it is unclear how the underlying cytokine milieu during infection regulates NK cell effector functions. Our data show during influenza infection myeloid cell-derived IL-27 regulates the early-phase effector functions of NK cells in the bronchioalveolar and lung tissue. Lack of IL-27R (Il27ra−/−) or IL-27 (Ebi3−/−) resulted in impaired NK cell effector functions including the generation of anti-viral IFN-γ responses. We identify CD27+CD11b+NK cells as the primary subset that expresses IL-27R, which predominantly produces IFN-γ within the upper respiratory tract of the infected mice. IL-27 alone was incapable of altering the effector functions of NK cells. However, IL-27 sensitizes NK cells to augment bothin vitroandin vivoresponses mediated via the NKG2D receptor. This ‘priming’ function of IL-27 is mediated partly via transcriptional pathways regulated by Mafs and Nrf2 transcriptionally regulating TFAM and CPT1. Our data for the first time establishes a novel role for IL-27 in regulating early-phase effector functions of NK cells during influenza infection.
Effective and Reliable Framework for Lung Nodules Detection from CT Scan Images
Authors: Khan Sajid Ali , Hussain Shariq , Yang Shunkun , Iqbal Khalid
Published: March 2019

Lung cancer is considered more serious among other prevailing cancer types. One of the reasons for it is that it is usually not diagnosed until it has spread and by that time it becomes very difficult to treat. Early detection of lung cancer can significantly increase the chances of survival of a cancer patient. An effective nodule detection system can play a key role in early detection of lung cancer thus increasing the chances of successful treatment. In this research work, we have proposed a novel classification framework for nodule classification. The framework consists of multiple phases that include image contrast enhancement, segmentation, optimal feature extraction, followed by employment of these features for training and testing of Support Vector Machine. We have empirically tested the efficacy of our technique by utilizing the well-known Lung Image Consortium Database (LIDC) dataset. The empirical results suggest that the technique is highly effective for reducing the false positive rates. We were able to receive an impressive sensitivity rate of 97.45%.
Majorana flat band edge modes of topological gapless phase in 2D Kitaev square lattice
Authors: Zhang K. L. , Wang P. , Song Z.
Published: March 2019

We study a Kitaev model on a square lattice, which describes topologically trivial superconductor when gap opens, while supports topological gapless phase when gap closes. The degeneracy points are characterized by two vortices in momentum space, with opposite winding numbers. We show rigorously that the topological gapless phase always hosts a partial Majorana flat band edge modes in a ribbon geometry, although such a single band model has zero Chern number as a topologically trivial superconductor. The flat band disappears when the gapless phase becomes topologically trivial, associating with the mergence of two vortices. Numerical simulation indicates that the flat band is robust against the disorder.
Controlling Chaotic Resonance using External Feedback Signals in Neural Systems
Authors: Nobukawa Sou , Shibata Natsusaku
Published: March 2019

Stochastic resonance is a phenomenon in which the signal response of a non-linear system is enhanced by appropriate external noise. Likewise, a similar phenomenon can be caused by deterministic chaos; this is called chaotic resonance. Devices that employ stochastic resonance have been proposed for the purpose of enhancing tactile sensitivity. However, no applications of chaotic resonance have been reported so far, even though chaotic resonance exhibits a higher sensitivity than stochastic resonance. This contrast in applications could be attributed to the fact that chaotic resonance is induced by adjusting internal parameters. In many cases, especially in biological systems, these parameters are difficult to adjust. In this study, by applying our proposed reduced region of orbit method to a neural system consisting of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, we induce chaotic resonance with signal frequency dependency against weak input signals. Furthermore, the external noise exhibits effects for both diminishing and enhancing signal responses in chaotic resonance. The outcome of this study might facilitate the development of devices utilising the mechanism of chaotic resonance.
Gene Saturation: An Approach to Assess Exploration Stage of Gene Interaction Networks
Authors: Yin Ziqiao , Guo Binghui , Mi Zhilong , Li Jiahui , Zheng Zhiming
Published: March 2019

The gene interaction network is one of the most important biological networks and has been studied by many researchers. The gene interaction network provides information about whether the genes in the network can cause or heal diseases. As gene-gene interaction relations are constantly explored, gene interaction networks are evolving. To describe how much a gene has been studied, an approach based on a logistic model for each gene called gene saturation has been proposed, which in most cases, satisfies non-decreasing, correlation and robustness principles. The average saturation of a group of genes can be used to assess the network constructed by these genes. Saturation reflects the distance between known gene interaction networks and the real gene interaction network in a cell. Furthermore, the saturation values of 546 disease gene networks that belong to 15 categories of diseases have been calculated. The disease gene networks’ saturation for cancer is significantly higher than that of all other diseases, which means that the disease gene networks’ structure for cancer has been more deeply studied than other disease. Gene saturation provides guidance for selecting an experimental subject gene, which may have a large number of unknown interactions.
Stochastic modelling reveals mechanisms of metabolic heterogeneity
Authors: Tonn Mona K. , Thomas Philipp , Barahona Mauricio , Oyarzún Diego A.
Published: March 2019

Phenotypic variation is a hallmark of cellular physiology. Metabolic heterogeneity, in particular, underpins single-cell phenomena such as microbial drug tolerance and growth variability. Much research has focussed on transcriptomic and proteomic heterogeneity, yet it remains unclear if such variation permeates to the metabolic state of a cell. Here we propose a stochastic model to show that complex forms of metabolic heterogeneity emerge from fluctuations in enzyme expression and catalysis. The analysis predicts clonal populations to split into two or more metabolically distinct subpopulations. We reveal mechanisms not seen in deterministic models, in which enzymes with unimodal expression distributions lead to metabolites with a bimodal or multimodal distribution across the population. Based on published data, the results suggest that metabolite heterogeneity may be more pervasive than previously thought. Our work casts light on links between gene expression and metabolism, and provides a theory to probe the sources of metabolite heterogeneity.
Negative capacitance from the inductance of ferroelectric switching
Authors: Cheng Po-Hsien , Yin Yu-Tung , Tsai I-Na , Lu Chen-Hsuan , Li Lain-Jong , Pan Samuel C. , Shieh Jay , Shiojiri Makoto , Chen Miin-Jang
Published: March 2019

Negative capacitance (NC) has been proposed to realize sub-Boltzmann steep-slope transistors in recent years. We provide experimental evidences and theoretical view for ferroelectric NC and inductance induced by polarization switching, based on an as-deposited nanoscale ferroelectric zirconium oxide (ZrO2) layer (nano-f-ZrO2). The experimental results are demonstrated in nano-f-ZrO2, including resistor–inductor–capacitor oscillations, positive reactance in Nyquist impedance plot, enhancement of capacitance, and sub-60 mV/dec subthreshold swing of nanoscale transistors. The theoretical analysis shows that ferroelectric polarization switching yields an effective electromotive force which is similar in behavior to Lenz’s law, leading to inductive and NC responses. Nano-beam electron diffraction reveals ferroelectric multi-domains in nano-f-ZrO2. Under small-signal operation, the switching of net polarization variation in ferroelectric multi-domains contributes to the ferroelectric inductance and NC. Nano-f-ZrO2 provides a pronounced inductance compared to conventional inductors, which would have impacts in a variety of applications including transistors, filters, oscillators, and radio-frequency-integrated circuits.
Augmented re-endothelialization and anti-inflammation of coronary drug-eluting stent by abluminal coating with magnesium hydroxide
Authors: Jeong Da-Won , Park Wooram , Bedair Tarek M. , Kang Eun Young , Kim Ik Hwan , Park Dae Sung , Sim Doo Sun , Hong Young Joon , Koh Won-Gun , Jeong Myung Ho , Han Dong Keun
Published: March 2019

The abluminal coated coronary drug-eluting stent with magnesium hydroxide and sirolimus highly enhanced re-endothelialization and anti-inflammation simultaneously.
Electrochemical tuning of Pd100−xAuxbimetallics towards ethanol oxidation: effect of an induced d-band center shift and oxophilicity
Authors: Babu Sreejith P. , Elumalai Perumal
Published: March 2019

Electronegative Au improves the oxidation kinetics of Pd by inducing a downshift of the d-band center and increasing the coverage of adsorbed hydroxyls.
Artificial photosynthesis: opportunities and challenges of molecular catalysts
Authors: Zhang Biaobiao , Sun Licheng
Published: March 2019

This review emphasizes the significance of molecular catalysts in artificial photosynthesis, and discusses the opportunities, challenges and future of molecular catalysis.
Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phasein vitrodigestion
Authors: Hageman Jeske H. J. , Keijer Jaap , Dalsgaard Trine Kastrup , Zeper Lara W. , Carrière Frédéric , Feitsma Anouk L. , Nieuwenhuizen Arie G.
Published: March 2019

The profile of fatty acids released duringin vitrodigestion of vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formula differ.
The beneficial effects of purple yam (Dioscorea alataL.) resistant starch on hyperlipidemia in high-fat-fed hamsters
Authors: Li Tao , Teng Hui , An Fengping , Huang Qun , Chen Lei , Song Hongbo
Published: March 2019

In this study, we investigated the interventional effect of resistant starch (RS) obtained from purple yam (Dioscorea alataL.) on regulating lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in hyperlipidemic hamsters.
Surface quaternized nanosensor as a one-arrow-two-hawks approach for fluorescence turn “on–off–on” bifunctional sensing and antibacterial activity
Authors: Das Poushali , Ganguly Sayan , Bose Madhuparna , Ray Debes , Ghosh Sabyasachi , Mondal Subhadip , Aswal Vinod K. , Das Amit Kumar , Banerjee Susanta , Das Narayan Chandra
Published: March 2019

The hydrothermal synthesis of κ-carrageenan and lemon juice derived carbon dots and their application in a fluorescence sensor for Cr(vi) and ascorbic acid are demonstrated.
A 3D molecular cantilever based on interfacial self-assembly and the cobra-like actuation of long-chain imidazolium ionic liquids
Authors: Yu Jia , Wang Yanlei , Zhao Cuifang , Chen Shimou , Zhang Suojiang
Published: March 2019

Based on the controllable interfacial self-assembly of monolayer long-chain ionic liquids on carbon nanotubes, a 3D molecular cantilever with a cobra-like actuation mechanism is designed.
Synergy between defects, charge neutrality and energy filtering in hyper-doped nanocrystalline materials for high thermoelectric efficiency
Authors: Zianni Xanthippi , Narducci Dario
Published: March 2019

Charge neutrality and energy filtering explain how defects lead to large thermoelectric power factors in hyper-doped nanocrystalline silicon.
Bis(tercarbazole) pyrene and tetrahydropyrene derivatives: photophysical and electrochemical properties, theoretical modeling, and OLEDs
Authors: Kaafarani Bilal R. , El-Assaad Tarek H. , Smith William A. , Ryno Sean M. , Hermerschmidt Felix , Lyons Jeffrey , Patra Digambara , Wex Brigitte , List-Kratochvil Emil J. W. , Risko Chad , Barlow Stephen , Marder Seth R.
Published: March 2019

The title compounds are compared to bis(carbazole) analogues. They exhibit multiple oxidations, dual fluorescence (in one case), and function as emissive layers in OLEDs.
Mitochondria targeted self-assembled ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobes for pH imaging in living cells
Authors: Feng Zhenzhen , Ma Yanyun , Li Bingjie , He Leiliang , Wang Qing , Huang Jin , Liu Jianbo , Yang Xiaohai , Wang Kemin
Published: March 2019

Ratiometric fluorescence imaging of mitochondrial pH based on self-assembled fluorescent nanoprobes.
Copper-catalyzed radical cascades of para-quinone methides with AIBN and H2O via α-cyanoalkylation by C–C bond cleavage: new access to benzofuran-2(3H)-ones
Authors: Yu Jian , Sheng Hui-Xiang , Wang Shuo-Wen , Xu Zhen-Hua , Tang Shi , Chen Shi-Lu
Published: March 2019

An elusive and efficient entry to cyano-containing benzofuran-2(3H)-ones.
Assembly of silica rods into tunable branched living nanostructures mediated by coalescence of catalyst droplets
Authors: Cai Chunhua , Ge Yinbiao , Lin Jiaping , Xu Zhanwen , Gao Hongbing , Xu Wenheng
Published: March 2019

Branched nanostructures with tunable arm numbers are prepared through the assembly of silica rods mediated by coalescence of catalyst droplets on the end of the rods.
Construction of a [2]pseudorotaxane and a [3]pseudorotaxane based on perbromoethylated pillar[5]arene/pyridinium iodide ion-pair recognition
Authors: Shao Li , Hua Bin , Liu Jiyong , Huang Feihe
Published: March 2019

Herein we report the preparation of a [2]pseudorotaxane and a [3]pseudorotaxane based on perbromoethylated pillar[5]arene/pyridinium iodide ion-pair recognition.
Surprising discoveries on the way to an old compound: four transient iodido antimonates
Authors: Dehnhardt Natalie , Böth André , Heine Johanna
Published: March 2019

During the synthesis of a literature-known iodido antimonate four transient compounds were identified.
Mössbauer and mass spectrometry support for iron(ii) catalysts in enantioselective C–H activation
Authors: Loup Joachim , Parchomyk Tobias , Lülf Stefan , Demeshko Serhiy , Meyer Franc , Koszinowski Konrad , Ackermann Lutz
Published: March 2019

A combination of electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry and Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to investigate the species generated in situ in highly enantioselective Fe/NHC-catalyzed C–H alkylations.
Highly linear polyethylenes tailored with 2,6-bis[1-(p-dibenzo-cycloheptylarylimino)ethyl]pyridylcobalt dichlorides
Authors: Guo Liwei , Zada Muhammad , Zhang Wenjuan , Vignesh Arumugam , Zhu Dongzhi , Ma Yanping , Liang Tongling , Sun Wen-Hua
Published: March 2019

Bis(imino)pyridylcobalt dichlorides displayed high activities for ethylene polymerization, producing highly linear PEs with the vinyl end group as the major one.
Magnetically-accelerated large-capacity solar-thermal energy storage within high-temperature phase-change materials
Authors: Tao Peng , Chang Chao , Tong Zhen , Bao Hua , Song Chengyi , Wu Jianbo , Shang Wen , Deng Tao
Published: March 2019

Magnetically-accelerated optical charging doubles solar-thermal energy harvesting rates while fully maintaining the storage capacity of high-temperature molten salt phase change materials.
Waveguide-based chemo- and biosensors: complex emulsions for the detection of caffeine and proteins
Authors: Zeininger Lukas , Weyandt Elisabeth , Savagatrup Suchol , Harvey Kent S. , Zhang Qifan , Zhao Yanchuan , Swager Timothy M.
Published: March 2019

Emulsion waveguides: a new modular sensing approach in which complex emulsions serve as efficient transducers in optical evanescent field-based waveguide sensors is reported.
Connecting iron acquisition and biofilm formation in the ESKAPE pathogens as a strategy for combatting antibiotic resistance
Authors: Post Savannah J. , Shapiro Justin A. , Wuest William M.
Published: March 2019

Biofilms are linked to resistance development in the ESKAPE pathogens. This perspective summarizes several strategies for affecting iron homeostasis that have been implicated in biofilm inhibition.
Photon avalanche in lanthanide doped nanoparticles for biomedical applications: super-resolution imaging
Authors: Bednarkiewicz Artur , Chan Emory M. , Kotulska Agata , Marciniak Lukasz , Prorok Katarzyna
Published: March 2019

Photon avalanche in lanthanide doped nanoparticles shows exceptional properties, potentially suitable for single photoexcitation beam sub-diffraction imaging.
Phospha- and arsa-bridged cyclononatetraenides: novel zwitterionic 10π aromatic hemispheres
Authors: Borosky Gabriela L. , Laali Kenneth K. , Mascal Mark
Published: March 2019

To probe the limits of the internal charge compensation approach for the generation of 10π aromatic hemispheres derived from hetero-acepentalenide zwitterions, the phospha- and arsa-bridged cyclononatetraenides were studied computationally by DFT at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level, and compared with the known aza-analog.
Ultrasmall Co2P2O7 nanocrystals anchored on nitrogen-doped graphene as efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Li Kaidi , Guo Mingjing , Yan Ya , Zhan Ke , Yang Junhe , Zhao Bin , Li Jianqiang
Published: March 2019

A novel composite electrocatalyst with ultrasmall Co2O2P7 nanocrystals supported on nitrogen-doped graphene has been developed and exhibits remarkable ORR performance.
The effect of an N-heterocyclic compound on corrosion inhibition of J55 steel in sweet corrosive medium
Authors: Singh Ambrish , Ansari K. R. , Quraishi M. A. , Kaya Savas , Banerjee Priyabrata
Published: March 2019

The corrosion inhibition behavior of a naphthoxazinone derivative 1-phenyl-1,2-dihydronaphtho[1,2-e][1,3]oxazin-3-one (PNO) on J55 steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution saturated with carbon dioxide was evaluated using weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization.
Synthesis and structural characterization of exemplary silyl triptycenes
Authors: Mames Adam , Osior Agnieszka , Szkudlarek Piotr Grzegorz , Pietrzak Mariusz , Szymański Sławomir , Ratajczyk Tomasz
Published: March 2019

Synthesis of sterically congested silyl triptycenes and their structural characterization via NMR, X-ray and PXRD are presented.
Highly stable phosphorene isomers based on a buckled honeycomb lattice
Authors: Qiu Lu , Dong Jichen , Ding Feng
Published: March 2019

Highly stable two-dimensional phosphorus with a buckled honeycomb lattice found by a new algorithm for searching systematic isomers.
Silicene catalysts for CO2hydrogenation: the number of layers controls selectivity
Authors: Zhou Si , Pei Wei , Zhao Jijun , Du Aijun
Published: March 2019

Silicene on a Ag(111) substrate has superior activity for CO2hydrogenation, with selectivity being intrinsically dependent on the number of layers.
Use of trichloroacetonitrile as a hydrogen chloride generator for ring-opening reactions of aziridines
Authors: Toda Yasunori , Matsuda Riki , Gomyou Shuto , Suga Hiroyuki
Published: March 2019

Photodecomposition of trichloroacetonitrile enables efficient ring-opening reactions of aziridines with ultraviolet irradiation under air.
Bromoalkyl ATRP initiator activation by inorganic salts: experiments and computations
Authors: Wang Jirong , Han Jianyu , Peng Haiyan , Tang Xiangying , Zhu Jintao , Liao Rong-Zhen , Xie Xiaolin , Xue Zhigang , Fliedel Christophe , Poli Rinaldo
Published: March 2019

The bromoalkyl ATRP initiator EBrPA is activated by many alkali, alkaline-earth and ammonium salts, leading to MMA polymerization, but only the iodides yield a controlled process because of a degenerative transfer mechanism contribution.
Solubility and activity of a phosphinosulfonate palladium catalyst in water with different surfactants
Authors: Boucher-Jacobs Camille , Li Bo , Schroeder Charles M. , Guironnet Damien
Published: March 2019

Water-soluble phosphinosulfonate palladium complexes were synthesized by coordination of a surfactant to the metal center.
Binding properties and supramolecular polymerization of a water-soluble resorcin[4]arene
Authors: Jordan Jacobs H. , Wishard Anthony , Mague Joel T. , Gibb Bruce C.
Published: March 2019

A ditopic water-soluble resorcinarene is shown to bind salts and undergo self-inclusion to assembly into a supramolecular polymer.
Structural characterization of peptides fromLocusta migratoria manilensis(Meyen, 1835) and anti-aging effect inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Cao Hui , Luo Qiang , Wang Huailing , Liu Zhigang , Li Guoqiang , Liu Jie
Published: March 2019

Locusts are a kind of agricultural pest rich in protein and widely eaten by people, yet, the nutritional and antioxidant activities of locust peptide have never been explored.
Enhanced photoluminescence and energy transfer performance of Y3Al4GaO12:Mn4+,Dy3+ phosphors for plant growth LED lights
Authors: Xia Mao , Gu Simin , Zhou Cheng , Liu Longhai , Zhong Yuan , Zhang Yongli , Zhou Zhi
Published: March 2019

Enhanced photoluminescence properties and confirmed energy transfer in a YAGO:Mn4+,Dy3+ phosphor.
Polydopamine-modified ROS-responsive prodrug nanoplatform with enhanced stability for precise treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Yang Bin , Wang Kaiyuan , Zhang Dong , Ji Bin , Zhao Dongyang , Wang Xin , Zhang Haotian , Kan Qiming , He Zhonggui , Sun Jin
Published: March 2019

Development of smart stimuli-responsive prodrug nanomaterials for fast drug release and efficient antitumor therapy has attracted great attention in recent years.
Biomimetic synthesis of the natural product salviadione and its hybrids: discovery of tissue-specific anti-inflammatory agents for acute lung injury
Authors: Ding Chunyong , Chen Hongjin , Liang Bin , Jiao Mingkun , Liang Guang , Zhang Ao
Published: March 2019

Biomimetic synthesis of the natural product salviadione and its hybrids was achieved leading to tissue-specific anti-inflammatory agents for acute lung injury.
Biosynthetic reconstitution of deoxysugar phosphoramidate metalloprotease inhibitors using an N–P-bond-forming kinase
Authors: Baulig Alexandra , Helmle Irina , Bader Marius , Wolf Felix , Kulik Andreas , Al-Dilaimi Arwa , Wibberg Daniel , Kalinowski Jörn , Gross Harald , Kaysser Leonard
Published: March 2019

In the biosynthesis of phosphoramidon-like metalloprotease inhibitors three enzymes cooperate in the condensation of two amino acids and the subsequent attachment of a 6-deoxyhexose via a phosporamidate bridge.
An NH2-MIL-125 (Ti)/Pt/g-C3N4 catalyst promoting visible-light photocatalytic H2 production
Authors: Su Zhuizhui , Zhang Bingxing , Shi Jinbiao , Tan Dongxing , Zhang Fanyu , Liu Lifei , Tan Xiuniang , Shao Dan , Yang Guanying , Zhang Jianling
Published: March 2019

In this study, we synthesized an efficient catalyst of NH2-MIL-125 (Ti)/Pt/g-C3N4 composites for the visible-light-driven H2 production reaction.
Efficiency enhancements in non-fullerene acceptor-based organic solar cells by post-additive soaking
Authors: Choi Hoyeon , Lee Jihoon , Oh Chang-Mok , Jang Soyeong , Kim Hyojung , Jeong Mun Seok , Park Sung Heum , Hwang In-Wook
Published: March 2019

Power conversion efficiency of non-fullerene acceptor-based organic solar cells based on PBDB-T : ITIC-m (1 : 1) composites has been successfully increased (from 9.6% to 12.3%) by using post-additive soaking (PAS) treatments on pristine BHJ films.
Ion-matching porous carbons with ultra-high surface area and superior energy storage performance for supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Lifeng , Guo Yu , Shen Kechao , Huo Jinghao , Liu Yi , Guo Shouwu
Published: March 2019

Polypyrrole (PPy)-derived porous carbons with an ion-matching micropore diameter exhibit ultra-high specific surface area and capacitance when used in supercapacitors.
Optical stereolithography of antifouling zwitterionic hydrogels
Authors: Pan Wenyang , Wallin Thomas J. , Odent Jérémy , Yip Mighten C. , Mosadegh Bobak , Shepherd Robert F. , Giannelis Emmanuel P.
Published: March 2019

This paper reports the rapid 3D printing of tough (toughness, UT, up to 141.6 kJ m−3), highly solvated (ϕwater ∼ 60 v/o), and antifouling hybrid hydrogels for potential uses in biomedical, smart materials, and sensor applications, using a zwitterionic photochemistry compatible with stereolithography (SLA).
Accelerated growth by flash heating of high critical current trifluoroacetate solution derived epitaxial superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 films
Authors: Li Ziliang , Coll Mariona , Mundet Bernat , Palau Anna , Puig Teresa , Obradors Xavier
Published: March 2019

Flash heating reduces the precursor nanoparticle coarsening and shortens the growth time of epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7 thin films.
USP39 regulates the cell cycle, survival, and growth of human leukemia cells
Authors: Liu Chunxia , Yao Xiaojian , Li Ming , Xi Yaming , Zhao Li
Published: March 2019

Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 39 (USP39) is one member of the cysteine proteases of the USP family, which represents the largest group of DeUbiquitinases with more than 50 members in humans. The roles of USP39 in human cancer have been widely investigated. However, the roles of USP39 in human leukemia and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. Here we reported the function of USP39 in human leukemia. We observed that the expression of USP39 was up-regulated in human leukemia cells and the high expression of USP39 was correlated with poor survival of the patients with leukemia. Lentivirus-mediated knockdown of USP39 repressed the proliferation and colony formation of human leukemia cell lines HL-60 and Jurkat cells. Mechanism study showed that USP39 knockdown induced the arrest of cell cycle and apoptosis of leukemia cells. In addition, our microarray and bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that USP39 regulated diverse cellular signaling pathways that were involved in tumor biology, and several pivotal genes (IRF1, Caspase 8, and SP1) have been validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Knockdown or IRF1 partially restored the proliferation rate of leukemia cells with USP39 knockdown. Taken together, our findings implicate that USP39 promotes the development of human leukemia by regulating cell cycle, survival, and proliferation of the cells.
Individual Versus Small Group Treatment of Morphological Errors for Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Eidsvåg Sunniva S. , Plante Elena , Oglivie Trianna , Privette Chelsea , Mailend Marja-Liisa
Published: March 2019

Purpose

This study examines the effects of enhanced conversational recast for treating morphological errors in preschoolers with developmental language disorder. The study assesses the effectiveness of this treatment in an individual or group (
n
= 2) setting and the possible benefits of exposing a child to his or her partner's treatment target in addition to his or her own.

Method

Twenty children were assigned to either an individual (
n
= 10) or group (
n
= 10, 2 per group) condition. Each child received treatment for 1 morpheme (the target morpheme) for approximately 5 weeks. Children in the group condition had a different target from their treatment partner. Pretreatment and end treatment probes were used to compare correct usage of the target morpheme and a control morpheme. For children in the group condition, the correct usage of their treatment partner's target morpheme was also examined.

Results

Significant treatment effects occurred for both treatment conditions only for morphemes treated directly (target morpheme). There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment conditions at the end of treatment or at follow-up. Children receiving group treatment did not demonstrate significant gains in producing their partner's target despite hearing the target modeled during treatment.

Conclusions

This study provides the evidence base for enhanced conversational recast treatment in a small group setting, a treatment used frequently in school settings. Results indicate the importance of either attention to the recast or expressive practice (or both) to produce gains with this treatment.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7859975
Hierarchical control of offshore wind farm connected by parallel diode‐rectifier‐based HVDC and HVAC links
Authors: Yu Lujie , Li Rui , Xu Lie
Published: March 2019

This article investigates the operation of offshore wind farm connected by parallel diode‐rectifier‐based HVDC (DR‐HVDC) and HVAC links. A secondary voltage control is proposed to control the offshore AC voltage amplitude by regulating the DC voltage of the DR‐HVDC link. A secondary frequency control and a phase angle control are proposed to adjust the reactive power reference in the primary control, which synchronise the offshore point of common coupling (PCC) frequency and phase angle to those of the HVAC link. Such secondary voltage control, frequency control, and phase angle control enable seamless transition from DR‐HVDC mode to parallel mode. A tertiary power control scheme is further proposed to control the active power flow distribution between DR‐HVDC and HVAC links through the regulation of PCC phase angle. To ensure smooth transition from HVAC mode to parallel mode, a virtual DC power control is proposed to control the virtual DC power at zero prior to the connection of the DR‐HVDC link. A small‐signal model of the parallel system is developed, and the stability analysis is carried out for the proposed control scheme. Simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC verify the proposed control under normal and fault conditions.
New bow-shock source with bipolar morphology in the vicinity of Sgr A*
Authors: Peißker F. , Zajaček M. , Eckart A. , Sabha N. B. , Shahzamanian B. , Parsa M.
Published: March 2019

Context. We find an extended source in the direct vicinity of Sgr A* with an approximate projected mean distance of 425 ± 26 mas. Its sky-projected elongated shape can be described by an averaged spatial extension ofx = 110 ± 20 mas andy = 180 ± 20 mas. With this, the observed object points in the analyzed SINFONI data sets between 2006 and 2016 directly toward the supermassive black hole. We discuss different possible scenarios that could explain the detected blueshifted line emission source.

Aims. Here we present a detailed and extensive analysis of the adaptive optics corrected SINFONI data between 2006 and 2016 with a spatial pixel scale of 0.″025 and a corresponding field of view of 0.″8 × 0.″8 per single data cube with the focus on the newly discovered source. We spectroscopically identify the source, which we name X8, in the blueshifted Brγline maps. Additionally, an upper limit for the continuum magnitude can be derived from the close-by S-star S41.

Methods. We applied the standard reduction procedure with the SINFONI/EsoRex pipeline for the analysis. We applied pre- and post-data correction in order to establish various calibration procedures. For the sharpened images, we used the Lucy–Richardson algorithm with a low iteration number. For the high-pass filtered images, we used the smooth-subtracting process in order to increase the signal-to-noise ratio.

Results. We are able to detect the elongated line emission source in quantified data sets between 2006 and 2016. We find a lower limit for the infrared continuum magnitude ofKs ≳ 17.0 ± 0.1. The alignment of X8 toward Sgr A* can be detected in data sets that fulfill a sufficient number of observations with a defined quality level. A more detailed analysis of the results shows indications of a bipolar outflow source that might be associated with either a young stellar object, or with a post-AGB star or young planetary nebula.

Conclusions. The near-infrared excess source X8 close to S24, S25, and S41 can be detected between 2006 and 2016. In addition to an apparent bow-shock morphology, the source shows clear signatures of a bipolar outflow that is consistent with both a young stellar object and a post-AGB star. If confirmed, this would be the closest ever detected bipolar outflow source to the supermassive black hole. Similar to the case of the DSO/G2 source and other dusty sources, it further supports the in situ star formation in the direct vicinity of Sgr A*. If X8 were a bow-shock source, it would be the third object of this type that can be found in projection in the mini-cavity. This scenario would support the idea that the cavity is created by a wind from Sgr A*.
Ukraine’s commitments under Association Agreement: challenges and opportunities for the steel industry
Authors: Shatokha Volodymyr
Published: March 2019

The steel sector stands for a quarter of Ukraine’s industrial gross value added and is a backbone of the country’s economy. However, owing to lastingly insufficient investments to modernisation, the industry is largely obsolete: 70–80% of the production facilities are in operation beyond their final designed term of exploitation. Technology backwardness, coupled with excessive iron ore mining, results in an enormous environmental footprint. Owing to the domestic political and socioeconomic factors and severe competition on the global scale, the steel output hit its historic low in 2017. Recently, the EU became major Ukraine’s trade partner with steel export share of 32% in 2017. Modalities of this partnership will be gradually shaped in context of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement (entered into force since 01.09.2017), which stipulates transposition into Ukrainian law of some European directives, potentially sensitive for the iron and steel sector. In this paper, the current state of Ukraine’s steel industry was analysed, focusing competitiveness and environmental impact. The analysis performed reveals that short-term implications of the Association Agreement may expose the Ukrainian steelmakers to additional costs; however, the need to comply with the EU regulations is seen as an important factor, motivating the steel industry to modernise and, in the long-term, improve its economic performance and reinforce competitiveness.
Calculation of self-absorption and coincidence summing correction factors for the extended sources using GEANT4
Authors: Khan W. , He C. , Cao Y.
Published: March 2019

A detailed study of the full energy peak efficiency of a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector including the effect of source self-absorption and coincidence summing was performed using Monte Carlo simulation, as it is difficult and time-consuming to measure the full energy peak efficiency experimentally. Cylindrical water composition source was simulated with different characteristics, covering the energy range from 60 to 1836 keV. Self-absorption correction factors (SAFcal) were calculated for two source volumes and obtained good agreement with the experimental results except for (60Co and 88Y) nuclides. The simulation was performed for various samples with different densities and observed their effects on the full energy peak efficiency value of the detector. In the case of extended volumetric source, the coincidence summing correction factors (CSFcal) for two nuclides (60Co and 88Y) were estimated with the GEANT4 simulation toolkit. The effect of correction factors on different cylindrical source volumes was also investigated. With the self-absorption and coincidence summing effect, the best agreement was achieved between simulated and experimental results with discrepancy less than 2% for all of the radionuclides included in two source volumes.
Doppler Sonography during Pregnancy – DEGUM Quality Standards and Clinical Applications (Part 1)
Authors: Faber R. , Heling Kai-Sven , Steiner Horst , Gembruch Ulrich
Published: March 2019

Doppler sonography is widely established in prenatal medicine and obstetrics and is commonly used in screening for aneuploidy and preeclampsia during the first trimester. More importantly, during the 2nd and 3rd trimester, it is used in the assessment of fetal health as well as the surveillance of underlying fetal conditions such as IUGR and anemia. Correct use of the method is vital for correct data interpretation and the inferred clinical decision process. Therefore, we aim to provide all users of doppler sonography with a guide for meeting the required quality standards. These quality standards will further be the basis of DEGUM-certified training courses. In the first part, we will introduce the technical principles of the method and potential error sources, vascular disciplines to which the method can be applied, analysis of the spectral curves, patient safety and the needed requirements for successful certification.
Ansatzpunkte für Resilienzförderung im Medizinstudium – Was hält angehende Ärztinnen und Ärzte gesund?
Authors: Kötter Thomas
Published: March 2019

Die Entwicklung hin zu einer verminderten Stressresilienz und beeinträchtigten psychosozialen Gesundheit, die wir in der Ärzteschaft beobachten können, beginnt bereits früh im Medizinstudium. Eigene Ergebnisse bestätigen die international beobachtete negative Entwicklung der Gesundheit von Medizinstudierenden. Studierende, die gleichzeitig ein hohes Perfektionsstreben und eine geringe Distanzierungsfähigkeit aufweisen und nicht regelmäßig körperlich aktiv sind, scheinen eine besondere Risikogruppe darzustellen. Es erscheint daher sinnvoll, möglichst früh im Studium Interventionen zu implementieren, die dieser Entwicklung durch Stärkung von individuellen Ressourcen und Vermeidung schädigender Einflüsse durch das Studium selbst entgegenwirken können. Interventionen sollten sowohl auf die individuellen Verhaltens- und Erlebensmuster der Studierenden abzielen als auch auf das Setting. Von den Studierenden selbst wird das medizinische Curriculum selbst als prioritärer Ansatzpunkt für resilienzfördernde Interventionen angesehen. Es sollte daher das Interesse aller Beteiligten sein, möglichst allen Studierenden ein Studium bei guter Gesundheit zu ermöglichen und sie darüber hinaus für das Berufsleben mit Ressourcen wie einer guten Resilienz auszustatten, die sich nachhaltig positiv auf die Qualität der Patientenversorgung auswirken. Die Evidenzlage sowohl hinsichtlich protektiver Faktoren für die Gesundheit von Medizinstudierenden als auch wirksamer resilienzfördernder Interventionen ist bislang quantitativ und qualitativ unzureichend. Gerade aus dem deutschen Sprachraum gibt es nur wenige aussagekräftige Studien. Eigene Studien zeigen, dass die Teilnahmebereitschaft an solchen Angeboten trotz des zusätzlichen Zeitaufwandes hoch ist, die Studierenden erachten diese als hilfreich. Interventionen nach den Konzepten der Mind-Body-Medizin erscheinen im Kontext Medizinstudium dabei besonders vielversprechend.