bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Blood is Stronger than Class": Daniel Patrick Moynihan's Global Culture of Poverty
Authors: Shah Rohan
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This article examines the continuities between Daniel Patrick Moynihan's critique of the US welfare state and the War on Poverty in the 1960s, and his response to the New International Economic Order and North-South politics in the 1970s. The connections between these two episodes help explain why neoconservatives embraced a sharply different view of political economy by the 1980s, and grew increasingly invested in foreign policy questions. The article argues that Moynihan's ideas across these decades were united by an insistence on cultural and racial explanations for radicalism, which marginalized the economic arguments for structural change made by actors in the US and abroad at a critical historical juncture.
Collaborative publication of related articles puts focus on emerging topics: editorial
Authors: Dorrer Christophe , Kumar Prem , Li Guifang
Published: April 2024

The editors of Advances in Optics and Photonics and Optica introduce a collaborative publishing effort that highlights emerging fields in ways that will benefit both new and seasoned researchers. In this first example, a tutorial and a mini-review cover the physics of second-order nonlinear interactions in dispersion-engineered nonlinear photonic devices.
Photon blockade with high photon occupation via cavity electromagnetically induced transparency
Authors: You Yu , Feng Lingjuan , Chen Bing , Chen Da , Peng Yandong , Gong Shangqing
Published: April 2024

Photon blockade (PB) is one of the effective methods to generate single-photon sources. In general, both the PB effect with the significant sub-Poissonian statistics and a large mean photon number are desired to guarantee the brightness and the purity of single-photon sources. Here, we propose to obtain the PB effect at the cavity dark-state polariton (DSP) using a cavity Λ-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system with and without the two-photon dissipation (TPD). In the Raman resonance case, the PB effect at the DSP could by realized by using the TPD process in the weak or intermediate coupling regime, which accompanies with near unity transmission, i.e., very high photon occupation. In the slightly detuned Raman resonance case, the excited state is induced into the components of the DSP, and the atomic dissipation path is added into the two-photon excitation paths. Thus, the PB effect at the DSP can be obtained due to the quantum destructive interference (QDI) in the strong coupling regime, which can be further enhanced using the TPD process. Due to the slight detuning, the PB effect still remains high photon occupation and has highly tunability. This work provides an alternative way to manipulate the photon statistics by the PB effect and has potential applications in generating single-photon sources with high brightness and purity.
Single-frequency DBR lasing by integrating FBGs into germanium-free photosensitive highly Yb3+-doped silica fibers
Authors: Wang Yafei , Yang Qiubai , Wang Fan , Shao Chongyun , Guo Mengting , Wang Shikai , Wang Meng , Zhang Lei , Feng Suya , Chen Danping , Yu Chunlei , Hu Lili
Published: April 2024

Monolithic distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) cavity which directly integrates fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) into the photosensitive RE-doped fibers is a promising configuration in constructing compact and efficient single frequency fiber lasers (SFFLs). Yet, the doping level of rare-earth (RE) ions has generally to be sacrificed in the classical Ge-photosensitized RE-doped silica fibers because of the dramatic refractive index increase caused by the introduction of Ge. Here, we demonstrate an approach to realize the trade-off between photosensitivity and RE doping concentration. We validate that the addition of a small amount of cerium (0.37wt.%) instead of Ge could photosensitize Yb3+-doped silica fiber (YDF), while maintaining fiber numerical aperture (NA) at 0.12 under a high 2.5-wt.% Yb doping level. Based on the short monolithic DBR cavity constructed by this germanium-free photosensitive highly YDF, a 1064 nm fiber laser with a 48.6% slope efficiency and an over 200 mW power on two orthogonally polarized modes could be realized. Further stable and linear-polarized 1064 nm SFFL is also demonstrated in a designed monolithic polarization maintaining cavity with an output power of 119 mW and an efficiency of 26.4%. Our results provide an alternative way to develop photosensitive highly RE-doped fibers towards monolithic laser cavity application.
Examination of factors associated with the temporal stability assessment of crash severity by using generalised linear model—A case study
Authors: Alshehri Abdulaziz H. , Pervez Amjad , Hussain Muhammad , Farooq Danish , Hussain Etikaf
Published: April 2024

Road crashes are a major public safety concern in Pakistan. Prior studies in Pakistan investigated the impact of different factors on road crashes but did not consider the temporal stability of crash data. This means that the recommendations based on these studies are not fully effective, as the impact of certain factors may change over time. To address this gap in the literature, this study aims to identify the factors contributing to crash severity in road crashes and examine how their impact varies over time. In this comprehensive study, we utilized Generalised Linear Model (GLM) on the crash data between the years 2013 to 2017, encompassing a total sample of 802 road crashes occurred on the N-5 road section in Pakistan, a 429-kilometer stretch connecting two big cities of Pakistan, i.e., Peshawar and Lahore. The purpose of the GLM was to quantify the temporal stability of the factors contributing crash severity in each year from 2013 to 2017. Within this dataset, 60% (n  =  471) were fatal crashes, while the remaining 40% (n  =  321) were non-fatal. The results revealed that the factors including the day of the week, the location of the crashes, weather conditions, causes of the crashes, and the types of vehicles involved, exhibited the temporal instability over time. In summary, our study provides in-depth insights aimed at reducing crash severity and potentially aiding in the development of effective crash mitigation policies in Pakistan and other nations having similar road safety problems. This research holds great promise in exploring the dynamic safety implications of emerging transportation technologies, particularly in the context of the widespread adoption of connected and autonomous vehicles.
Vector analysis of corneal astigmatism in cataractous eyes based on IOLMaster 700 biometry
Authors: Langenbucher Achim , Wendelstein Jascha , Cayless Alan , Hoffmann Peter , Szentmáry Nóra
Published: April 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the corneal back surface by comparing the keratometric astigmatism (K, derived from the corneal front surface) of a modern optical biometer against astigmatism of Total Keratometry (TK, derived from both corneal surfaces) in a large population with cataractous eyes. The results were then used to define linear prediction models to map K to TK.

Methods

From a large dataset containing bilateral biometric measurements (IOLMaster 700) in 9736 patients prior to cataract surgery, the total corneal astigmatism was decomposed into vectors for K, corneal back surface (BS), and TK. A multivariate prediction model (MV), simplified model with separation of vector components (SM) and a constant model (CM) were defined to map K to TK vector components.

Results

The K centroid (X/Y) showed some astigmatism with-the-rule (0.1981/-0.0211 dioptre (dpt)) whereas the TK centroid was located around zero (-0.0071/-0.0381 dpt against-the-rule) and the BS centroid showed systematic astigmatism against-the-rule (-0.2367/-0.0145 dpt). The respective TK–K centroid was located at -0.2052/-0.0302 dpt. The MV model showed the same performance (i.e. mean absolute residuum) as the SM did (0.1098 and 0.1099 dpt respectively) while the CM performed only slightly worse (0.1121 dpt mean absolute residuum).

Conclusion

In cases where tomographic data are unavailable statistical models could be used to consider the overall contribution of the back surface to the total corneal astigmatism. Since the performance of the CM is sufficiently close to that of MV and SM we recommend using the CM which can be directly considered e.g. as surgically induced astigmatism.
Analytical solution of fuzzy heat problem in two-dimensional case under Caputo-type fractional derivative
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Yilin Chen , Kumar Devendra , Alsayyad Yahya
Published: April 2024

This work aims to investigate the analytical solution of a two-dimensional fuzzy fractional-ordered heat equation that includes an external diffusion source factor. We develop the Sawi homotopy perturbation transform scheme (SHPTS) by merging the Sawi transform and the homotopy perturbation scheme. The fractional derivatives are examined in Caputo sense. The novelty and innovation of this study originate from the fact that this technique has never been tested for two-dimensional fuzzy fractional ordered heat problems. We presented two distinguished examples to validate our scheme, and the solutions are in fuzzy form. We also exhibit contour and surface plots for the lower and upper bound solutions of two-dimensional fuzzy fractional-ordered heat problems. The results show that this approach works quite well for resolving fuzzy fractional situations.
Spilanthes filicaulis (Schumach. & Thonn.) C.D. Adams leaves protects against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Ojo Oluwafemi Adeleke , Ogunlakin Akingbolabo Daniel , Akintayo Christopher Oloruntoba , Olukiran Olaoluwa Sesan , Adetunji Juliana Bunmi , Ajayi-Odoko Omolola Adenike , Ogwa Theophilus Oghenenyoreme , Molehin Olorunfemi Raphael , Ojo Omolara Olajumoke , Mothana Ramzi A. , Alanzi Abdullah R.
Published: April 2024

Background and objective

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a complex type of diabetes. The underlying cause of diabetic nephropathy remains unclear and may be due to a variety of pathological conditions resulting in kidney failure. This study examines the protective effect of the methanolic extract of Spilanthes filicaulis leaves (MESFL) in fructose-fed streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy and the associated pathway.

Methods

Twenty-five rats were equally divided randomly into five categories: Control (C), diabetic control, diabetic + metformin (100 mg/kg), diabetic + MESFL 150 mg/kg bw, and diabetic + MESFL 300 mg/kg bw. After 15 days, the rats were evaluated for fasting blood glucose (FBG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, uric acid, serum creatinine, reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidation (MDA). Gene expression levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), protein kinase A (PKA), cAMP response element-binding (CREB), cFOS and the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 were examined.

Results

We observed that MESFL at 150 and 300 mg/kg bw significantly downregulated the protein expression of cAMP, PKA, CREB, and cFOS and upregulated the Bcl-2 gene, suggesting that the nephroprotective action of MESFL is due to the suppression of the cAMP/PKA/CREB/cFOS signaling pathway. In addition, MESFL increases SOD and CAT activities and GSH levels, reduces MDA levels, and reduces renal functional indices (ALP, urea, uric acid, and creatinine).

Conclusion

Therefore, our results indicate that MESFL alleviates the development of diabetic nephropathy via suppression of the cAMP/PKA/CREB/cFOS pathways.
Knowledge and perception about the welfare and mistreatment of dogs in Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Siano Gabriela , Fonseca de Oliveira Camila Stefanie , de Sousa Felipe Gaia , Beier Suzane Lilian , da Costa-Val Adriane Pimenta
Published: April 2024

Animal welfare encompasses the overall well-being of an animal, spanning both its physical and mental health, assessable through potential measurements. It stands in contrast to mistreatment, which involves actions, direct or indirect, that endanger an animal’s well-being. This study sought to appraise the factors influencing the Brazilian population’s understanding of dog welfare and mistreatment. The survey questions were adapted from the Animal Welfare Examination Protocol, utilized by veterinarians to evaluate suspected passive abuse cases in dogs. Out of 1377 responses, 1353 were valid and analyzed. Among the 19 assessed indicators, 15 demonstrated an adequate response rate surpassing 90% of all 1353 responses. However, for three questions related to comfort, a smaller yet notable percentage of responses were only minimally adequate. Moreover, in one question within the comfort assessment, 186 participants (13.74%) provided inadequate responses. This implies that these people could potentially subject animals to a state of low Animal Welfare. Lack of knowledge emerged as a potential root of passive abuse, specifically negligence. In the assessment of nutritional indicators, water supply and quality received unanimous adequate responses. In evaluating comfort perceptions, significant associations were noted between gender, dog ownership, family income, and responses regarding resting surface. Regarding health indicators, the majority responded appropriately. Female gender and dog ownership correlated with providing the appropriate response, while not owning a dog was associated with minimally adequate responses. In the context of comfort indicators, "Hitting the Dog" also demonstrated an association with gender, with females tending towards appropriate responses. Given the lack of significant correlation between educational levels and the most suitable responses, it underscores the urgency of implementing environmental education programs in schools with a focus on animal protection.
Production and characterization of immunoglobulin G anti-rLipL32 antibody as a biomarker for the diagnosis of leptospirosis
Authors: Susanti Susanti , Sudarmono Pratiwi Pudjilestari , Dharmayanti N. L. P. Indi , Yusuf Prasandhya Astagiri
Published: April 2024

Background and Aim: Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the diagnosis of leptospirosis requires live cultures and is serovar-specific, while polymerase chain reaction (PCR) requires expensive equipment and sample preparation. The rLipL32 protein is conserved and can be used for the production of immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-rLipL32 antibody, which can be used as a biomarker for leptospirosis diagnosis. This study aimed to produce and characterize an IgG anti-rLipL32 antibody as a biomarker for leptospirosis diagnosis.

Materials and Methods: Escherichia coli rLipL32 was cultured and analyzed by PCR and sequencing. Cultures were used for rLipL32 protein expression and purification and the rLipL32 protein was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The rLipL32 protein was used to produce anti-rLipL32 serum and was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum was purified to obtain IgG anti-rLipL32 antibody and characterized by SDS-PAGE and western blotting.

Results: PCR was able to amplify the LipL32 gene from E. coli rLipL32, and sequencing analysis showed 99.19% similarity with pathogenic Leptospira. SDS-PAGE analysis showed a 32-kDa band. ELISA results showed an increase in OD in anti-rLipL32 serum compared to preimmune serum. Western blotting results showed that the IgG anti-rLipL32 antibody was able to bind and cross-reacts with pathogenic Leptospira serovar but not with E. coli or Staphylococcus aureus.

Conclusion: IgG anti-rLipL32 antibody has high specificity and sensitivity against Leptospira pathogens. These findings suggest that IgG anti-rLipL32 antibody is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of leptospirosis.

Keywords: anti-rLipL32 serum, immunoglobulin G anti-rLipL32 antibody, Leptospira, rLipL32 protein.
Auditorías SEO en plataformas de automatización de marketing y su relación con el posicionamiento orgánico en SERPS
Authors: Monreal Pitones Luis Eduardo
Published: April 2024

La presente investigación adoptó un enfoque mixto, combinando elementos cualitativos y cuantitativos, con el propósito de evaluar diversas métricas relacionadas con la optimización para motores de búsqueda (SEO) en sitios web especializados en automatización de marketing. Se evaluaron factores como la velocidad, tiempo de carga, optimización de la estructura, usabilidad, y otros factores determinantes para el SEO. La recopilación de datos se llevó a cabo mediante el empleo de herramientas como SEOPTIMER, SEOQUAKE, META SEO INSPECTOR, Inspect Canonical, Google Page Speed, Build With y Majestic SEO. Los sitios web objeto de estudio fueron Hubspot, Mailchimp, Get Response y Active Campaign, todos pertenecientes al ámbito de la automatización de marketing.
Late-Onset Gastric Band Erosion Following Heavy Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use
Authors: Makovich Zachary , Patel Brijesh
Published: April 2024

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) surgery is now an uncommon bariatric procedure; however, complications may still be encountered. A 64-year-old man with a history of LAGB placement 13 years prior presented with 2 months of epigastric pain. He endorsed chronic heavy nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. Computed tomography showed inflammation around the LAGB tubing with near-complete, circumferential erosion of the LAGB into the fundus. Upper endoscopy confirmed erosion of the LAGB along with port tubing into the gastroesophageal junction and fundus. The patient was referred to a foregut surgeon who performed robotic band removal.
Psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale-4 (PSS-4) in a Colombian sample: Onefactor, two-factor, or method effects?
Authors: Sanabria-Mazo Juan P. , Gómez-Acosta Andrés , Annicchiarico-Lobo Julio , Luciano Juan V. , Sanz Antoni
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The Perceived Stress Scale-4 (PSS-4) is an ultra-brief self-report measure to assess psychological stress. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the PSS-4 in Colombia. Method: A total of 1,911 adult participants with a university education completed the PSS-4. The characteristics of the items and the subscales were explored. The dimensionality was assessed using principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), incorporating an examination of invariance (configural, metric, scalar, and strict) across socio-demographic characteristics. Construct validity (convergent and discriminant), reliability indices, know-groups, and predictive validity were also computed. Results: CFA showed that the one-factor model (psychological stress) with method effects (correlated error terms on the negative-phrased items) was the most appropriate according to fit indices and parsimony considerations, being invariant across gender and age, but not across income level and work status. Internal consistency was adequate for the PSS-4. Significant positive correlations of the PSS-4 were identified with depression and anxiety, as well as significant negative correlations were identified with post-traumatic growth and resilience. The PSS-4 showed adequate capacity to predict potential depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as protective factors such as resilience and post-traumatic growth. Higher scores on the PSS-4 were observed among young people, as well as among people with lower incomes and those who are unemployed. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the PSS-4 can be a reliable and valid tool for assessing psychological stress in Colombians with a university education.
Parcel-Level Crop Classification in Plain Fragmented Regions Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Zhang Qiao , Luo Ziyi , Shen Yang , Wang Zhoufeng
Published: April 2024

Accurately obtaining crop cultivation extent and estimating the cultivated area are significant for adjusting regional planting structure. This article proposes a parcel-level crop classification method using time-series, medium-resolution, remote sensing images and single-phase, high-spatial-resolution,
remote sensing images. The deep learning semantic segmentation network feature pyramid network with squeeze-and-excitation network (FPN-SENet) and multi-scale segmentation were used to extract cultivated land parcels from Gaofen-2 imagery, while the pixel-level crop types were classified
by using support vector machine algorithms from time-series Sentinel-2 images. Then, the parcel-level crop classification was obtained from the pixel-level crop types and land parcels.
Visual Representations for Studying Collaborative Inquiry
Authors: Hong Daeun , Chakraburty Srijita , Zou Xiaotian , Chen Yuxin , Hmelo-Silver Cindy E.
Published: April 2024

The goal of this paper is to present several methods of visualizing student activity and collaboration in PBL in ways that provide insights into the complexity of PBL classrooms. These representations include Chronologically Ordered Representations of Discourse and Tool- Related Activity (CORDTRA) and Social Network (SNA) Diagrams as well as several other examples. Our work is grounded in sociocultural theory, as we consider these representations to help mediate researchers’ interpretation of the multiple data streams generated in PBL, including video, computer log data, gestures, and student artifacts as well as other forms of data such as tests and surveys. We will present several examples of how these visualizations have been helpful in illuminating how students learn in PBL and other forms of collaborative inquiry.
Design-based Research Method in PBL/PjBL: A case in Nursing Education
Authors: Tweeten Joni , Hung Woei
Published: April 2024

Design-based Research (DBR) focuses on real-world problems, emphasizes studying an educational intervention in its supposed context, uses a cyclical process of design, implementation, evaluation, and improvement, utilizes mixed research methods, stresses reciprocal relationships between theories and practice, and involves a close collaborative relationship between researchers and practitioners. Three iterative DBR research cycles were conducted on a project-based learning (PjBL) implementation in three population health nursing clinical PjBL blocks at a Midwest university. Data were collected at the end of each cycle through surveys, focus group interviews with students, faculty, and clinical agency contacts, as well as student work and performance. The data were analyzed, and revisions and improvements were planned for subsequent blocks and future use in the course.
Introduction to Special Issue “Research Methodologies for Studying Problem-based and Project-based Learning
Authors: Hung Woei
Published: April 2024

N/A
Animasi Berbasis Konteks Situasi sebagai Metode Pembelajaran Jidoushi+Iru dan Tadoushi+Aru (Implementasi Penggunaan Hemisfer Kanan)
Authors: Winingsih Irma , Wahyuningsih Tri Mulyani
Published: April 2024

There are three suggestions regarding teaching techniques related to the hemispheres, namely: creating a learning environment, varied, and real educational experience, trying to help students overcome their fear of learning. challenging environments and condition students to combine information into their memories by processing it. Animation as learning media are that animated films can create a deep impression for teachers or students, the sounds and movements displayed are visualizations of reality, according to the material presented in the lesson. With interpretation techniques, animation become a medium that can then activate the right hemisphere function, especially for 6th semester students of the Japanese language study program at Dian Nuswantoro University regarding the use of verbal sentence patterns jidoushi+iru and tadoushi+aru which always appear every year as a discussion of Minnano's book. Nihongo II.The result is this animated video the author makes can meet the standard of visual animation as a learning medium
Gaya Percintaan Remaja dalam Novel Dilan Dia adalah Dilanku Tahun 1991Karya Pidi Baiq: Tinjauan Sosiologi Sastra
Authors: Fauzia Shilfina , Martini Laura Andri Retno , Umam Khothibul
Published: April 2024

The novel Dilan Dia Adalah Dilanku in 1991 by Pidi Baiq contains a distinctive style of expressing different teenage romance. The purpose of this study is to describe the teenage love style in the novel Dilan Dia adalah Dilanku in 1991 by Pidi Baiq. This research is a library research because the object of the research is library materials, namely the 1991 novel Dilan Dia adalah Dilanku. The focus of this research is the 90s teenage romance style of Dilan and Milea characters, in the 1991 novel Dilan Dia adalah Dilanku is a romance genre novel. The theory used is the structural theory of fiction and the theory of love. The theory of love put forward by Erich Froom who has a famous theory, namely The Art of Loving.  The results of this study are the structural elements contained in the 1991 novel Dilan Dia adalah  Dilanku which include; plot and plot, characters and characterizations, setting and court, as well as the style of youth romance contained in the novel Dilan Dia adalah Dilanku 1991 by Pidi Baiq which includes; Attention, responsibility, respect, knowledge. Keywords: Stenberg's Theory of Love, Romance Style, Novel.
Penggunaan Media AAC dan PECS dalam Terapi Berbicara Anak Autis
Authors: Amala Ayyukum Akhsanu , Septiana Hespi , Siswoyo Della Rostania , Aqliyyah Zidny Kamilatal
Published: April 2024

Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui masing-masing penggunaan media Alternative Augmentative Communication (AAC) dan media Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) berdasarkan penelitian di SLBN Bandaran 3 Pasuruan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mengidentifikasi, serta membandingkan keterlibatan kedua media tersebut di SLBN Bandaran 3 yang menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber datanya yaitu dua anak penyandang autisme di SLBN Bandaran 3 yang didampingi oleh guru sekaligus terapis. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari mengamati anak perempuan berusia delapan tahun berinisial D dengan menggunakan media AAC, sedangkan penggunaan media PECS bersumber dari hasil mengamati anak laki-laki berusia 12 tahun berinisial I. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini berupa kegiatan wawancara dengan terapis yang kemudian di rekam dan dicatat. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu mentranskripsi data rekaman, mengidentifikasi data, penganalisisan data, dan penyimpulan data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan kedua media ini dapat membantu anak autis dalam memahami suatu objek nyata secara bertahap dengan mengenalkan mereka melalui media gambar sehingga mereka mampu memahami apa yang diujarkan oleh orang lain.
Pola Pemerolehan Bahasa pada Sistem Fonetik Artikulatoris Anak Balita melalui Media Audio Visual (PAUD Soka Indah-Semarang)
Authors: Navolany Elvira Artamevia , Tiani Riris
Published: April 2024

Bahasa sebagai alat interaksi sosial harus dikuasai seseorang sejak dini. Pemerolehan bahasa dimulai sejak dini akan meningkatkan kualitas hidup manusia untuk menunjang aspek interaksi sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola pemerolehan bahasa akibat pengaruh media audio visual pada anak balita. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori psikolinguistik, dengan ilmu bantu fonologi dan teori kognitif pada pemerolehan bahasa. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan survei dan observasi perilaku berbahasa di dalam peristiwa tutur dan menggunakan teknik SLC bersamaan dengan teknik rekam dan catat. Analisis data menggunakan metode padan dengan teknik dasar pilah unsur penentu (PUP) dan teknik lanjutan hubung banding membedakan (HBB). Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa kemampuan anak balita dalam berbahasa sangat beragam. Terjadi beberapa variasi perubahan bunyi seperti, asimilasi, aferesis, sinkope, dan apokope pada pelafalan kosakata. Adapun keluarga dan lingkungan menjadi faktor penunjang dalam pengayaan kosakata.
Improving Student Ability in Writing Narrative Text by using Silent Cartoon Animation
Authors: Dewi Si Putu Agung Ayu Pertiwi , Purwaningsih Ni Komang , Lindawati Ni Putu
Published: April 2024

Writing is one of the skills that must be improved. Writing requires complex skills such as developing creative ideas, vocabulary variations and also using good and correct grammar. This is because most students lack vocabulary, find it difficult to generate ideas in writing and are less able to string words together in writing. One of the efforts to improve writing skills is through the presentation of Silent Cartoon Animation in Narrative Text writing. The purpose of this study is to improve the ability to write narrative texts by using silent cartoon animation in an effort to provide a stimulus to students so that they can come up with ideas that can be put into written form. This research uses the classroom action research (CAR) method which examines quantitative and qualitative data from the applied linguistic aspect. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the use of Silent Cartoon Animation media was able to improve students' abilities in writing narrative text.
Prinsip Kerja Sama (Cooperative Principle) dalam Tayangan Mata Najwa Episode “Ringkus Predator Seksual Kampus” (Kajian Pragmatik)
Authors: Andika Febrian , Amin Mujid Farihul
Published: April 2024

Talkshow adalah salah satu program unggulan televisi atau radio yang berisi percakapan tentang suatu topik tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk prinsip kerja sama dan makna tuturan yang terkandung dalam talkshow Mata Najwa episode “Ringkus Predator Seksual Kampus”. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu pragmatik prinsip kerja sama Grice. Data penelitian berupa data sekunder yang diperoleh dari tuturan talkshow tersebut. Metode penyediaan data menggunakan metode simak, dan teknik catat. Analisis data menggunakan metode padan dan metode agih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prinisp kerja sama penting untuk diterapkan dalam percakapan agar makna komunikasi dapat tersampaikan dengan baik sehingga tidak menimbulkan keraguan dalam berkomunikasi. Dengan adanya prinsip kerja sama sebuah percakapan akan teratur dan dapat berjalan dengan efektif. Ditemukan pematuhan dan pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama dalam tayangan Mata Najwa episode “Ringkus Predator Seksual Kampus”.
Analisi Strata Roman Ingarden dalam Lirik Lagu Karya Slank
Authors: Ardhinta Gisza Irsyad , Muzakka Moh
Published: April 2024

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data, analisis data, dan penyajian analisis data. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan teori struktural puisi Roman Ingarden untuk mengkaji struktur terhadap tiga lirik lagu tersebut Hasil analisis struktural lirik lagu “Cinta Kita”, “Kuil Cinta”, dan “Pacar dan Sahabatku” karya Slank memebrikan pengetahuan terhadap unsur (lapis norma) dalam lirik lagu tersebut. Ketiga lirik lagu dalam penelitian menghasilkan bunyi kakofoni yang menggambarkan suasana yang mengekspresikan perasaan suasana yang tidak menyenangkan, kacau balau, serba tak teratur, bahkan memuakkan. Serta unsur dalam tiap lirik lagu memiliki keunikan tersendiri
Representasi Patriarki dalam Film Samjin Company English Class (2020) Karya Lee Jong Pil
Authors: Aini Lana Qurrotul , Hariyanti Nunik
Published: April 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan budaya patriarki yang terdapat dalam film Samjin Company English Class (2020) karya Lee Jong Pil. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan model semiotika Ferdinand De Saussure yang berupa Signifier (Penanda) dan Signified (Petanda) yang kemudian dihubungkan sehingga membentuk Signification. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan dokumentasi untuk mendapatkan hasil data yang sesuai. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 8 tanda dalam film Samjin Company English Class. Tanda-tanda tersebut merepresentasikan budaya patriarki yang dialami oleh perempuan di tempat kerja. 8 tanda yang terdapat dalam film Samjin Company English Class diwujudkan pada perilaku patriarki yang berupa marginalisasi perempuan, subordinasi perempuan, pelabelan negatif terhadap perempuan, kekerasan terhadap perempuan, dan beban kerja perempuan.
Kosmologi Suku Machiguenga dalam Novel Sang Pengoceh Karya Mario Vargas Llosa
Authors: Surur Misbahus
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap aspek-aspek antropologis, terutama berkaitan dengan sistem kosmologi Suku Machinguenga yang hidup di belantara Hutan Amazon, berikut rahasia-rahasia kehidupan genuine yang dijalani mereka dalam novel Sang Pengoceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif, dengan menerapkan teknik baca dan teknik catat, dengan panduan teori antropologi sastra. Hasil penelitian diarahkan untuk menjelaskan aspek-aspek sistem kosmologi Suku Machiguenga lewat telaah etnografi dan kajian terhadap folklore-folklore-nya, untuk menyibak jagat (kosmos) Suku Machiguenga—di dalam novel Sang Pengoceh (El-Hablador) karya Mario Vargas Llosa—seperti kehidupan organis, cerita rakyat (folktales), mitos (myth), legenda (legends), makhluk mitologi, agama lokal (popular belief/folk religion), pengobatan setempat (folk medicine), adat-istiadat dan tradisi keseharian seperti pola makan, dan berbagi ritus lainnya, yang semuanya terekam dan disajikan secara apik dan menawan dalam narasi novel.
Penggunaan Gaya Bahasa Pada Pidato Politik Calon Presiden RI 2024
Authors: Fizriyani Wilda , Sahiruddin Sahiruddin , Junining Esti
Published: April 2024

Pidato politik termasuk wadah yang sering digunakan tokoh bangsa dalam menyampaikan gagasannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam pidato politik bakal Calon Presiden (Capres) RI 2024, Anies Baswedan. Peneliti menggunakan metode teknik menyimak dan mencatat untuk mengumpulkan data yang sesuai dengan target. Model Miles dan Huberman digunakan peneliti untuk menganalisis data yang ditemukan. Metode ini terdiri atas tiga tahap yakni reduksi data, penyajian data dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pidato politik bakal Capres RI 2024, Anies Baswedan mengandung 34 gaya bahasa yang di antaranya dua gaya bahasa klimaks, satu gaya bahasa antiklimaks, empat gaya bahasa paralelisme, satu gaya bahasa antitesis dan 26 gaya bahasa repetisi.
Wacana Lagu Campursari Karya Didi Kempot sebagai Sarana Penyampaian Informasi Pandemi
Authors: Hidayat Ashari , Nuryantiningsih Farida , Junawaroh Siti
Published: April 2024

Pengiriman informasi melalui wacana lagu campursari menjadi salah satu pilihan ketika pandemi Covid-19 berlangsung. Keberadaan musisi campursari yang dikenal luas masyarakat menjadi faktor efektivitas penggunaan wacana lagu sebagai sarana komunikasi berbasis seni. Penelitian ini berusaha mengeksplorasi bagaimana informasi terkandung dalam wacana lagu campursari dibangun guna menyebarluaskan informasi tentang virus Covid-19 di awal masa pandemi. Teori linguistik yang berbasis pada konteks sosial penggunaan bahasa dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini. Dalam penelitian ini, wacana lagu campursari diposisikan sebagai wujud komunikasi verbal dari pengirim pesan kepada sasaran. Data penelitian ini adalah dua wacana lagu campursari karya Didi Kempot yang dipopulerkan pada masa awal pandemi tahun 2020. Metode analisis kontekstual dipergunakan untuk menjelaskan pola skema dan kandungan informasi wacana. Hasil penelitian ini berupa karakteristik pola skema wacana dan ragam kandungan informasi wacana lagu campursari pada masa awal pandemi di Indonesia.
Wujud Inferioritas dan Superioritas Tokoh Raja dalam Film Cinta Pertama, Kedua, & Ketiga karya Gina S.Noer (Analisis Psikologi Individual Alfred Adler)
Authors: Zulfah Amarel Aulia , Martini Laura Andri Retno , Purnomo Mulyo Hadi
Published: April 2024

This study aims to describe the forms of inferiority and superiority of the Raja character in The First, Second, & Third Love films, which will be released in 2022. This study uses the theory of film narrative structure, literary psychology, and Alfred Adler's individual psychology. This research includes library research using descriptive qualitative methods by utilizing interpretation methods by presenting them in the form of descriptions. The data were obtained by watching and understanding the storyline of the First, Second, & Third Love films, taking several scenes of the Raja character with other characters, recording data related to the form of the inferiority and superiority of the Raja character, and grouping the data results with an adapted format. The technique of presenting the results of data analysis is presented in the form of a description. The results of this study indicate that: First, the form of the inferiority of the Raja character includes feelings of doubt, weakness, helplessness, worry, shame, and fear. Second, the form of the superiority of the Raja figure is finding happiness, a sense of responsibility arises, a feeling of sympathy arises, and a feeling of courage arises.
Gaya Bahasa dalam Lirik Lagu Album “Soneta Volume 15” Karya Rhoma Irama
Authors: Astuti Sri Puji
Published: April 2024

Dalam lirik lagu sering jumpai pemakaian gaya bahasa.  Begitu juga lirik lagu Rhoma Irama diduga menggunakan bermacam-macam gaya bahasa. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan gaya bahasa yang terdapat dalam album “Soneta Volume 15” Karya Rhoma Irama. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode simak. Teknik yang digunakan adalah teknik simak bebas libat cakap (SBLC) dan teknik catat. Teknik ini dilakukan dengan cara menyimak lirik lagu yang terdapat dalam album tersebut. Selanjutnya data dianalisis menggunakan teori stilistika (gaya bahasa). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk menyampaikan pesan dalam album “Soneta Volume 15” Rhoma Irama menggunakan beraneka ragam gaya bahasa. Keanekaragaman gaya yang digunakan dalam album tersebut membuat  lirik lagu lebih estetik. Selain itu pesan yang disampaikan melalui lirik lagu dapat tersampaikan dengan baik. Kata kunci: lirik lagu, gaya bahasa, album “Soneta Volume 15”
Understanding current antenatal Hepatitis C testing and care in maternity services in England
Authors: Vusirikala Amoolya , Threadgold Georgia , Roche Rachel , Hibbert Matthew , Simmons Ruth , Webb Sharon , Gillyon-Powell Mark , Desai Monica , Mandal Sema
Published: April 2024

Objectives

Universal opt-out antenatal screening for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is not currently recommened and it is recommended that maternity services offer risk-based testing. We aimed to investigate antenatal HCV testing and adherence to testing guidance.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was circulated to maternity service providers between November–December 2020 which included testing policy, training for healthcare staff, and management of women found to be HCV positive. Descriptive data are presented.

Results

A total of 75 questionnaires were returned, representing 48 % of English maternity service providers. 87 % of providers reported offering antenatal HCV risk-based testing. Risk factors used to identify pregnant women for testing varied. Less than 15 % of respondents considered women that were ever homeless or with history of incarceraton or from higher HCV prevalence areas as high risk.

Conclusions

Current antenatal HCV testing practices are inadequate and HCV infection likely goes undiagnosed in pregnancy, especially among vulnerable population groups. In the absence of universal antenatal screening, re-framing antenatal HCV risk-based testing and management as a quality improvement initiative and developing HCV specific pathway guidance for maternity units is required.
Crystal structure of tetrapropylammonium bicarbonate–1-(diaminomethylene)thiourea(1/1)
Authors: Wang Yunyun , Hou Yimin , Zeng Huahui
Published: April 2024

C60H140N20O12S4, monoclinic, P2/n (no. 13), a = 15.6996 Å, b = 8.5361 Å, c = 15.8896 Å, β = 94.722°, V = 2122.19(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0440, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1366, T = 296(2) K.
Die Wirkung von Steuerungsinstrumenten auf den Nachhaltigen Tourismus: Untersuchung hypothetischer Wirkungen eines Tourismusklimabudgets auf nachfragerseitige Reiseentscheidungen
Authors: Beelitz Julia E. , Braun Carolin
Published: April 2024

Der globale Tourismus ist derzeit für 8% der weltweiten Treibhausgasemissionen verantwortlich (Lenzen et al. 2018) und trägt dadurch bedeutend zum anthropogenen Klimawandel bei (Strasdas & Zeppenfeld, 2016). Zukünftig wird der tourismusbedingte CO₂ Fußabdruck durch das rasante Wachstum der Tourismusindustrie noch größer werden, da die Nachfrage nach Reisen zunehmen wird und die Dekarbonisierung der Branche gleichzeitig nur langsam voranschreitet (Lenzen et al. 2018). Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Beitrags wird vor diesem Hintergrund ein Tourismusklimabudget als eine mögliche Emissionsreduktionsmaßnahme entwickelt und dessen hypothetische Wirkung auf nachfragerseitige Reiseentscheidungen untersucht. Dieses Budget zielt darauf ab, die CO₂ Emissionen für die Urlaubsreisen der Deutschen zu begrenzen, um so sicherzustellen, dass nicht mehr Emissionen ausgestoßen werden, als mit den Pariser Klimazielen vereinbar sind.
Distinct Yet Proximal Face- and Body-Selective Brain Regions Enable Clutter-Tolerant Representations of the Face, Body, and Whole Person
Authors: Kliger Libi , Yovel Galit
Published: April 2024

Faces and bodies are processed in separate but adjacent regions in the primate visual cortex. Yet, the functional significance of dividing the whole person into areas dedicated to its face and body components and their neighboring locations remains unknown. Here we hypothesized that this separation and proximity together with a normalization mechanism generate clutter-tolerant representations of the face, body, and whole person when presented in complex multi-category scenes. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a fMRI study, presenting images of a person within a multi-category scene to human male and female participants and assessed the contribution of each component to the response to the scene. Our results revealed a clutter-tolerant representation of the whole person in areas selective for both faces and bodies, typically located at the border between the two category-selective regions. Regions exclusively selective for faces or bodies demonstrated clutter-tolerant representations of their preferred category, corroborating earlier findings. Thus, the adjacent locations of face- and body-selective areas enable a hardwired machinery for decluttering of the whole person, without the need for a dedicated population of person-selective neurons. This distinct yet proximal functional organization of category-selective brain regions enhances the representation of the socially significant whole person, along with its face and body components, within multi-category scenes.
Review of Towards a New Enlightenment: The Case for Future-Oriented Humanities
Authors: Smith Steven Rathgeb
Published: April 2024

The humanities and the social sciences are under attack in the US and abroad and caught in the middle of contentious cultural wars on the future of higher education. Humanities departments face cutbacks and in some cases closure. Enrollments have dropped significantly as many students flock to the STEM majors. In short, the humanities face an unprecedented political and intellectual crisis. Consequently, the publication of Toward a New Enlightenment: The Case for Future-Oriented Humanities by Marcus Gabriel and colleagues under the auspices of The New Institute based in Hamburg is especially timely and important. This very thoughtful essay provides several suggestions regarding the value of the humanities to society and individual well-being in order to enhance the potential impact of the humanities on pressing social problems. The recommended strategies for the humanities may face political, policy, and educational complications.
The current landscape of exercise and female fertility research: a narrative review
Authors: Maher Rebecca A. , Wadden Katie , Fuller Daniel , Basset Fabien , Murphy Hannah , McGowan Erin
Published: April 2024

In brief

Females with obesity may experience infertility and can improve their fertility through exercise. This review found that most exercise interventions improve fertility outcomes regardless of technique, intensity, or duration. More detailed reporting through the lens of exercise prescription should be included in future studies.

Female infertility disproportionately affects people with obesity. Exercise often improves fertility outcomes for this population, however, there is limited prescriptive evidence. Specifically, there is a lack of information on the ideal type, frequency, intensity, and setting of exercise to improve fertility outcomes. Using principles of exercise prescription, this review aimed to describe the scope of exercise interventions that have been explored and fertility outcomes measured for people with female infertility and obesity. A search was completed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and CINAHL, identifying 16 relevant published articles. Overall, exercise had a positive impact on female fertility outcomes in people with obesity, though there were large variations in the exercise interventions prescribed and outcomes measured. Cyclic exercise (i.e. walking and cycling) was the most common technique incorporated, though a combination of cyclic, acyclic (i.e. circuit training and boot camp), or individualization was often used. Several fertility outcomes were reported; however, the rate of conception, pregnancy, and live birth rates were the most common, which, we suggest, should always be reported in fertility intervention research. We stress that future studies provide more thorough descriptions of their implemented exercise interventions to facilitate reproducibility and comparisons between studies. Closer attention to the principles of exercise prescription when developing and reporting exercise interventions will help improve fertility outcomes, mainly live birth rates, for those with female infertility and obesity.
Defense offsets and political leverage
Authors: Spindel Jennifer
Published: April 2024

Why do states agree to offset provisions when they purchase weapons, and what are the consequences of different types of offsets? This article takes a network approach to understanding the causes and consequences of offsets in the arms trade. It argues that offset clauses create network ties that affect a state’s position and power in the global arms production network. This depends on the type of offset it pursues—only a small subset of states with advanced technological manufacturing capabilities can maintain a central and powerful position by leveraging direct offsets. Other states must pursue indirect offsets, which have the opposite effect and keep these states locked into peripheral positions of limited power. Through case studies of offset use in India and Malaysia, this article shows how difficult it is to achieve network interdependence (India), and the difficulties of using indirect offsets to achieve political goals (Malaysia).