bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seed Libraries Can Be a Promising but Challenging Way to Support Community Engagement and Social Innovation in Public Libraries
Authors: Alty Abigail
Published: September 2021

A Review of:
Peekhaus, W. (2018). Seed libraries: Sowing the seeds for community and public library resilience. Library Quarterly, 88(3), 271-285. https://doi.org/10.1086/697706
Abstract
Objective – To describe and investigate the establishment, operation, function, purpose, and benefit of seed libraries within public libraries and local communities.
Design – Exploratory study.
Setting – Public seed libraries in Arizona, California, Minnesota, New York, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.
Subjects – 10 librarians actively involved in creating or maintaining seed libraries.
Methods – 60-75 minute interviews, primarily over the phone, with subjects selected by means of purposive sampling.
Main Results – According to the participants interviewed, starting and operating a seed library requires front-end effort from the “host” library, active participation by a dedicated librarian and community members, as well as ongoing funding, usually on an annual basis (estimated by one participant to be $2,500/year, mostly for the purchase of seeds). Participant descriptions of their seed library operations differed, but most had a dedicated seed librarian. Participants noted that primary activities included deciding what seeds to put in the collection, arrangement of the seed collection, development of checkout and return procedures, and ongoing education. Several participants noted that such operational work was seasonal and not steady. None of the libraries included in this study had enough seeds donated to sustain their collections, but rather they relied on purchasing seeds in bulk or asking for donations from seed companies. Cataloging procedures varied in terms of complexity, and participants from one library system reported the use of a seed library cataloging template as being helpful. All participants noted they gave patrons containers to return seeds. While educating patrons in formal sessions is often difficult for reasons such as resource limitations, the interview informants agreed that seed libraries fit into the missions of public libraries by furthering information sharing, access to resources, and knowledge development.
Conclusion – Seed libraries are an active service that assist public libraries in responding to social challenges and in engaging with their local communities as a type of knowledge commons. Seed libraries align with public libraries’ shift in priorities from increasing physical collections to enriching lives by providing knowledge and tools to support food autonomy, self-sufficiency, civic engagement, and community education. These libraries are a novel service that engage and attract patrons and support libraries’ positions as community hubs.
Students Experience Cognitive and Emotional Responses to Academic Library Spaces
Authors: Bussell Hilary
Published: September 2021

A Review of:
Mei, X. Y., Aas, E., & Eide, O. (2020). Applying the servicescape model to understand student experiences of a Norwegian academic library. Library & Information Science Research, 42(4), Article 101051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2020.101051
Abstract
Objective – To understand how the physical environment of an academic library influences user behaviour.
Design – Qualitative explorative.
Setting – An academic library at a large university in Norway.
Subjects – Twelve bachelor’s and master’s students at a business school.
Methods – The researchers used a two-step approach, with the servicescape model from the marketing discipline serving as a theoretical framework. Subjects completed several tasks involving drawing and elaborating on their usage of the library space, utilizing a bird’s-eye floor plan. This was followed by semi-structured interviews to explore how subjects use and experience the library facilities.
Main Results – Students found it important to be physically comfortable and to have enough room for the items they need while studying. The library in this study was seen more as a place for studying than for social interactions, and while some subjects reported being motivated by seeing students around them studying, others said they are distracted by having other students in their sightline. The time of the semester appeared to influence user experience and satisfaction with the library space, with spaces conducive to group work desired at some points in the semester and with single seating preferred when individual exams are taking place.
Conclusion – The library’s physical environment triggers cognitive and emotional responses in users. These responses influence how frequently they visit the library and how well they are able to concentrate while there. Because academic library spaces have an impact on student learning, it is important to design libraries with user comfort in mind. Libraries should accommodate the different ways students work throughout the semester by providing flexible study space configurations.
INFLUENCE OF LITTER SIZE ON ULTRASOUND ESTIMATED FETAL GROWTH CURVE, MATERNAL STEROIDS, OXIDATIVE STRESS AND SERUM FREE RNA IN GOATS
Authors:   Kafr Shokr Veterinary Administration, Qalyubia, Egypt., El-sayed Omnia , Kandiel Mohamed , Ibrahim Sally , Mahmound Karima , Abou-El-Roos Mahmound
Published: September 2021

This study aimed at evaluating the litter size influence on fetal growth (marked by biparietal diameter), steroid hormones (estradiol and progesterone), oxidative stress markers [Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA)], total proteins, and serum-free RNA. Goats (n=150) were blood sampled and assessed ultrasonographically during the mid-stage of pregnancy (6th to 14th week) and were classified into non-pregnant (n=64), single (n= 55) twine (n= 25), and triple (n= 6) pregnancy according to a number of feti. The correlation coefficient of caprine fetal growth was R² = 0.9609, 0.9418, and, 0.928 in single, twin, and triple feti, respectively. The area under the curve of the fetal growth was 286.2, 282.1, and 263.4 for single, twin, and triple caprine fetuses. The mean reduction rate in fetal growth compared to singleton pregnancy was 1.65±1.03 and 8.32±2.41 % in twine and triple feti, respectively. Estradiol significantly (P< 0.05) decreased, while progesterone (P< 0.01) and serum-free RNA (P< 0.001) increased in pregnant animals compared to non-pregnant. TAC and MDA increased in multiple pregnancies compared to non-pregnancy in association with the decrease of SOD and catalase activities. GPx activity and total proteins substantially decreased in triple pregnancy than non-pregnancy. Cell-free RNA negatively correlated with estradiol, CAT, GPx, and total proteins, and positively correlated with P4, TAC, and MDA. In conclusion, litter size greatly impacted fetal growth, maternal steroids, and serum-free RNA, and preload to oxidative stressmediated health disorders in pregnant goats.
EFFECT OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF SERUM AND RECOMBINANT EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN ON OVARIAN DYNAMICS AND CONCEPTION RATE IN ANESTRUS PRIMIPAROUS BRANGUS COWS
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina, Scandolo Daniel , Cuatrin Alejandra , Mazzuca Virginia , Finello Mariano , Maciel Martin
Published: September 2021

The objective was to determine the size of the dominant ovulatory follicle, the ovulation time and the conception rate of cows in anestrus treated with serum equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), recombinant chorionic gonadotropin and untreated controls. 57 anestrus primiparous Brangus cows were used with 70 ± 26 days of calving and a body condition of 2.50 ± 0.15. They were synchronized with a FTAI protocol based on estrogen and progesterone devices (DI). Upon removal of DI, 3 groups were made according to the type of eCG applied: serum eCG received 400 IU im of equine Chorionic Gonadotropin, recombinant eCG received 140 IU of recombinant Equine Chorionic Gonadotrophin and Control did without treatment. Follicular size and time of ovulation (normal or abnormal) was determined at DI removal, during FTAI and 7 days later. An ANOVA was performed to determine the effect of the treatment on ovarian dynamics and a chi-square test and correspondence analysis to establish associations. In normal ovulation cows at the FTAI, 94.4% of the serum eCG, 55.5% of the recombinant eCG and 71.4% of the Control cows presented a dominant ovulatory follicle (DOF), which in those treated with serum eCG, it was 1.4 mm greater in relation to the Control (P = 0.0073). The ovulation rate, in normal and abnormal ovulation cows, was 94.4% for serum eCG, and for recombinant eCG and 66.6% for Controls. A significant association was detected between ovulation time and the treated groups (P = 0.0042). Normal ovulation was 38.9% higher in cows with serum eCG in relation to those treated with recombinant eCG and 50.8% in comparison with Control. A significant relationship was observed between the conception rate and the groups treated with the different Gonadotropins (P = 0.0574), being 66.7% in serum eCG, 50% in recombinant eCG and 28.6% in the Control. The use of eCG, either serum or recombinant, in anestrus primiparous cows, stimulates the development of DOF at FTAI, increases ovulation rate and improves conception in relation to untreated cows.
EFFECT OF THE USE OF TWO SPERM SELECTION TECHNIQUES FOR IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF ALPACA EMBRYOS
Authors:   Laboratorio de Biotecnología Reproductiva. Estación Experimental Agraria Canaán. Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, Ayacucho, Perú, Contreras Huamani Mijail , Naveros Mary , Olaguivel Cesar
Published: September 2021

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the use of two sperm selection techniques for in vitro production of alpaca embryos. The ovaries and testis were collected from the local slaughterhouse and transport to 37 ° C in saline solution (0.9%) supplemented with gentamicin. Quality I, II and II oocytes were incubated in a maturation medium for 32 h at 38.5 ° C and 5% O2 and 5% CO2. For in vitro fertilization, sperm from the epididymis were selected using the Percoll gradient and Swim up technique. 18h after the oocytes were incubated with the sperm, these were denuded from the cumulus cells and cultured in SOFaa culture medium for 7 days. Morula and blastocyst rate and their morphological quality are evaluated at day 7 of culture. From a total of 370 ovaries, 1,137 oocytes were recovered, making an average of 3.6 oocytes / ovary. After the maturation and fertilization process and in vitro culture, the blastocyst rate was 8.43 ± 6.04% and 3.89 ± 1.75%, for oocytes fertilized with sperm selected with Percoll gradient and Swim up, respectively, not finding significant statistical differences (p> 0.05), between the groups. In conclusion, the in vitro fertilization of alpaca oocytes with spermatozoa selected with two selection techniques (percoll and swim up) did not significantly influence the quantity and quality of morulae and blastocysts at day 7 of embryo culture.
Issues of Synthesis and Practical Evaluation of the Compensation Mode Error of a Two-Component Gyroscope
Authors: Podchezertsev V.P. , Nguyen D.Z.
Published: September 2021

The paper introduces the results of studying the characteristics of various dynamically tuned gyroscopes operating in the mode of a variable rate sensor. Within the study, we determined the dependence of the dynamic error of the rate sensor on the amplitude and frequency of angular oscillations of the gyroscope body. We analyzed the methodological and hardware support for evaluating the dynamic error of a dynamically tuned gyroscope — the rate sensor in order to reduce its influence on the operational characteristics of the device. To experimentally research and practically evaluate the dynamic error of the dynamically tuned gyroscope — the rate sensor, we proposed a design of the rotary vibration test bench, developed requirements for it, and calculated its elastic-mass characteristics.
Investigation of Properties of Diesel Fuel and Carbon Nanotubes Mixture and Characteristics of its Atomization
Authors: Sa Bowen , Markov V.A. , Liu Ying , Kamaltdinov V.G. , Qiao Wenpei
Published: September 2021

The fuel economy and exhaust emissions of diesel engines can be improved by adding carbon nanotubes to petroleum diesel fuel. Carbon nanotubes, used as a promising nanoscale additive for diesel fuel, have high thermal conductivity and a large surface area to volume ratio. The thermophysical properties of these fuels, which depend on the composition of the mixtures, are analyzed in this study. Findings of research show that carbon nanotubes added to diesel fuel have little effect on its dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity. By means of numerical models, we simulated the process of atomization and evaporation of diesel fuel with the different carbon nanotubes content in a constant volume combustion chamber. The accuracy of the calculations is confirmed by the good agreement between the calculated and experimental data. Simulation of mixture atomization showed that the jet length linearly depends on the carbon nanotubes content in diesel fuel. The more carbon nanotubes are in the mixture, the smaller the droplet Sauter mean diameter and the angle of the jet cone opening are. The presence of carbon nanotubes in diesel fuel insignificantly affects the fuel vapor content in it.
Analysis of the Reverse Expansion Process in a Reciprocating Hybrid Power Machine with Two Suction Valves
Authors: Shcherba V.E. , Tegzhanov A.S. , Orekh D.V.
Published: September 2021

The paper analyzes the existing design schemes of hybrid power machines with a coolant moving in the jacket space due to the vacuum at the suction and introduces a new design of a single-stage single-cylinder piston hybrid power machine with two suction valves, in which the forced movement of the coolant in the forward direction is provided due to the vacuum at the suction, and in the reverse direction due to the pressure drop of the compressed gas. The analysis of the reverse expansion process allowed us to determine the value of the reduced dead space, which directly affects the volumetric feed rate of the reciprocating compressor and the feed rate in general. The parametric analysis made it possible to determine the influence of the main design and operating parameters on the value of the reduced dead space and accordingly on the volumetric feed rate. The results obtained can be useful in the design and research of reciprocating hybrid power machines with the forced movement of the coolant.
The effectiveness of acromegaly treatment according to the Registry of patients with pituitary tumors in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Vagapova G. R. , Pashaev B. Yu. , Ashimova R. R. , Khafizov A. R. , Mokhova Iu. V.
Published: September 2021

Background: Acromegaly is a severe progressive neuroendocrine disease caused by chronic elevated concentrations of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 in individuals with completed physiological growth and leading to early disability and mortality. The Acromegaly Registry with its regular updates makes it possible to merge and systematize all the available information on the diseases, to assess the efficacy of treatment algorithms and to choose an optimal diagnostic and treatment strategy in a given territory.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of various treatments for acromegaly based on the analysis of the regional Registry of patients with pituitary tumors in the Republic of Tatarstan.

Materials and methods: The study was based on data from 217 patients with somatotropin producing pituitary adenomas entered in the Registry of patients with pituitary tumors in the Republic of Tatarstan as per January 2021. One hundred and eighty one (181 patients) with sufficient data to assess the remission rates and the disease course were included into the analysis.

Results: Endonasal endoscopic adenomectomy as a first-line treatment has been performed in 93% (169/181) of the patients, with 34% of the cases (57/169) being in the full postoperative remission. The efficacy of surgical treatment depended on the tumor size, invasion grade and aggressiveness. A 1st generation long-acting somatostatin analog (octreotide) has been prescribed to 50% (91/181) of the patients (11 patients as first-line therapy and 80 patients after adenomectomy), with biochemical remission rate of 56% (51/91). Radiological treatment has been completed in 11,6% (21/181) of the patients. The complete remission rate after all treatment modalities (surgical, medical, and radiation therapy) was 60% (108/181).

Conclusion: The effectiveness of treatment for acromegaly in the Republic of Tatarstan is comparable to that in the all-Russian and international registries. Nevertheless, 40% of the patients with acromegaly in the region do not have their disease biochemically controlled indicating the need to optimize drug treatment.
El derecho de la competencia en el Paraguay: análisis de su aplicación en su septenio de vigencia
Authors: Andino Cynthia
Published: September 2021

Este documento analiza los errores y el impasse de la Ley de Defensa de la Competencia del Paraguay, Ley 4956, después de siete años de su existencia. En el presente artículo, la autora se centra en ana-lizar la normativa paraguaya de libre competencia y su historia, al igual que a la Autoridad de Competencia –CONACOM–, su estructura y resoluciones. Asimismo, se presentarán en el texto diversas conclusiones y recomendaciones para su reforma, desafíos y futuros retos.
Competencia en tiempos de crisis: reflexiones a partir del COVID-19
Authors: Mena Labarthe Carlos , González González Jessica
Published: September 2021

Las agencias de competencia se han enfrentado a un escenario inédito como consecuencia de la pandemia por COVID-19. A diferencia de otras crisis económicas, la emergencia sanitaria ha planteado también nuevas condiciones de organización social con un impacto directo en la aplicación de la política de competencia. Estas circunstancias extraordinarias han traído importantes consideraciones para el derecho y la política de competencia económica. En México, entre otras cuestiones, se ha confirmado la necesidad de fortalecer la interacción entre la autoridad de competencia y otros reguladores, así como de contar con mayor visibilidad sobre el tratamiento a los acuerdos de colaboración entre competidores. Esta experiencia, sin duda, representa una oportunidad para replantear cuestiones que tendrán un impacto en el crecimiento y desarrollo de la política de competencia y su aplicación.
La Independencia del Indecopi en tiempos de crisis: a propósito del riesgo de la presión política en la agencia de competencia peruana
Authors: Sandoval Valer Jeysson , Saldaña Solari Boris , Martinez Álvarez Carlos
Published: September 2021

La independencia de las agencias de competencia es vital para garantizar que estas operen de forma objetiva y técnica. Múltiples trabajos se han escrito respecto de la importancia de establecer un marco institucional sólido que proteja a estas entidades de influencias externas, refiriéndose mayormente a presiones por agentes económicos. Sin embargo, estos últimos no son los únicos interesados en intervenir en las agencias de competencia, puesto que también lo están los actores políticos. En este trabajo, los autores analizan el marco institucional del Indecopi, la agencia de competencia peruana, y evalúan si este garantiza su independencia frente a presiones políticas. Para ello, desarrollan un análisis histórico, comparado y casuístico del funcionamiento reciente de esta entidad. Asimismo, evidencian cómo las situaciones de crisis incrementan los riesgos asociados a la falta de independencia. Finalmente, proponen recomendaciones para reducir dichos riesgos.
El Indecopi como organismo constitucional autónomo: razones sobre el proyecto de modificación constitucional
Authors: Velásquez Raffo
Published: September 2021

El estudio de la independencia de las agencias de competencia ha sido objeto de debate en el Derecho a nivel general. Sobre todo, en los distintos foros que organiza la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos, con motivo del estándar internacional exigible a dichos organismos. En ese sentido, un organismo constitucional autónomo (OCA), resulta de importarte relevancia para el desarrollo adecuado de la administración pública y, en consecuencia, del cumplimiento del interés público de un determinado Estado.En el presente artículo, el autor analiza si la Constitución brinda razones para considerar al Indecopi como un nuevo OCA. Para ello, analiza cómo se organizan las administraciones públicas, por qué el Indecopi necesitaría ser un organismo autónomo y si existen motivos jurídicos constitucionales que pudieran sostener el interés del Indecopi por tener una mayor desvinculación del gobierno.
El derecho al debido proceso en el procedimiento administrativo sancionador peruano en materia de defensa de la competencia ante Indecopi
Authors: Marcos Fernández Francisco
Published: September 2021

Se cuestiona el respeto del principio del “debido proceso” del procedimiento administrativo previsto para la aplicación las prohibiciones de conductas anticompetitivas establecidas en la normativa de defensa de la competencia en el Perú ante Indecopi por la falta de separación entre el órgano instructor (Secretaría Técnica de la Comisión de Libre Competencia) y el órgano decisor (Comisión de Libre Competencia). El presente artículo examina la cuestión desde tres perspectivas. En primer lugar, desde la perspectiva económico funcional, la organización y el procedimiento administrativo sancionador previstos en la legislación peruana de defensa de la competencia se encuadran en el modelo de aplicación pública que encarga el enforcement de las prohibiciones de conductas anticompetitivas del Indecopi. Inevitablemente, ello puede conducir a un sesgo confirmatorio, consciente o inconsciente, de la decisión final adoptada por la Comisión. En segundo lugar, desde la perspectiva del derecho al debido proceso y el principio de imparcialidad en la Convención Europea de Derechos Humanos (CEDH), el procedimiento de Indecopi respetaría las exigencias de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos (TEDH). El autor señala que conviene arrancar con la reflexión de que la extensión de los derechos humanos de la CEDH a las personas jurídicas (derechos humanos corporativos) debe ser examinada en cada caso. En tercer lugar, desde la perspectiva del derecho comparado, existen autoridades de defensa de la competencia con procedimientos y organizaciones administrativas en otros países que presentan similitudes con los seguidos por el Indecopi. En particular, se alude concisamente a la Comisión Europea y a la Autorità Garante de la Concorrenza (AGCM) italiana.
Alcances e interrelación de las prácticas colusorias horizontales en el marco de la Ley de Represión de conductas anticompetitivas
Authors: Borda Gianella Waldo
Published: September 2021

En el presente artículo el autor analiza los alcances e interrelación existente entre los conceptos de acuerdo, decisión, recomendación y práctica concertada a la luz de la doctrina y jurisprudencia comparada, tomando especial consideración en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea. De manera introductoria se presentan los alcances de algunos de estos conceptos, esbozados por la doctrina y jurisprudencia peruana, identificando las incongruencias entre estos y los desarrollos a nivel comparado. Seguidamente se procede con la formulación de una propuesta de interpretación de los alcances e interrelación existente entre estos cuatro conceptos, la cual da pase final a la identificación de las implicancias generadas con la propuesta planteada.La relevancia de los puntos que se abordaran encuentra sustento en: (i) el incremento en la can-tidad de procedimientos por prácticas colusorias horizontales iniciados por la Secretaría Técnica de la Comisión de Defensa de la Libre Competencia del Indecopi en los últimos años; (ii) la reducida jurisprudencia nacional respecto a la interrelación entre los supuestos de práctica colusoria horizontal y su aplicación en el marco del procedimiento administrativo sancionador; y, (iii) el reducido desarrollo de la doctrina nacional sobre la interrelación existente entre los supuestos de práctica colusoria horizontal y sus implicancias en la práctica.
¿Cárcel para colusores? Reflexiones sobre la criminalización de las prácticas anticompetitivas en el Perú
Authors: Floríndez Aramburú Francisco José , Velarde Ferreyros Sebastián , Zúñiga Alemán Laura
Published: September 2021

El 29 de agosto de 2020, en un intento por atender algunos de los reclamos de la población en el marco de la crisis sanitaria, el Congreso de la República del Perú aprobó la Ley 31040, Ley que modifica el Código Penal y el Código de Protección y Defensa del Consumidor, respecto del acaparamiento, especulación y adulteración, que tiene por objeto criminalizar la realización de prácticas anticompetitivas. Dichas prácticas, hasta antes de la promulgación, eran merecedoras únicamente de sanciones administrativas impuestas por la Comisión de Defensa de la Libre Competencia del Indecopi.En el presente artículo, los autores presentan algunas reflexiones sobre la compatibilidad de la referida Ley con el ordenamiento jurídico peruano. De esa manera, fundamentan por qué constituye un obstáculo para la represión de prácticas anticompetitivas e incrementa el nivel de inseguridad jurídica para los administrados
Algorithmic pricing and market coordination – toward a notion of “collusive risk”
Authors: Mendelsohn Juliane K.
Published: September 2021

Over the past couple of years, many competition and antitrust scholars have feared the dawn of ‘algorithmic collusion’. Some have thus suggested expanding the notions of ‘collusion’ and ‘agreement’ in order to capture such coordination. Rather than using an expansive reading of ‘collusion’, the author of this article suggests an approach that works with the core and original intent of Article 101(1) TFEU: the fostering of independent conduct and prevention of market coordination. It finds this to be doctrinally undisputed and also consistent with long-standing competition policy debates, as well as an egalitarian notion of price that lays the foundation of the free market economy. On this basis, and considering given uncertainties, an operational notion of ‘collusive risk’ is put forward.
El nuevo sistema de control de concentraciones empresariales en Perú a la luz de la experiencia chilena
Authors: Alliende Serra Macarena
Published: September 2021

La Ley 31112 contempla la creación de un nuevo sistema de control previo obligatorio para concentraciones empresariales en Perú, que entrará en un plazo de 15 días tras la publicación de la adecuación normativa que debe ser elaborada por el Indecopi.El diseño institucional del sistema de control de concentraciones peruano presenta varias similitudes con el sistema chileno, implementado mediante la Ley 20945 y vigente desde el 1 de junio de 2017. Los más de 100 casos resueltos por la autoridad de competencia chilena han implicado una relevante evolución en los criterios y herramientas empleados. En ese sentido, debido a la similitud entre ambos sistemas, la autora presenta cómo la experiencia chilena puede nutrir las futuras discusiones y prácticas del ordenamiento vecino, lo que podría potenciar una coordinación y cooperación efectiva entre ambos países, mejorando la revisión de concentraciones con efectos en diversos países de Latinoamérica.
Yo también quiero competir: las barreras de entrada y de permanencia y el procedimiento de eliminación de barreras burocráticas
Authors: Carrillo Temple César Rodrigo
Published: September 2021

El ejercicio de los derechos constitucionales económicos de libre iniciativa privada y libertad de empresa puede verse limitado de manera justificada por límites objetivos y razonables previstos en la regulación o impuestos por el propio funcionamiento del mercado. Sin embargo, tales derechos pueden verse restringidos de manera injustificada por prácticas anticompetitivas, regulaciones contradictorias con el ordenamiento jurídico o la imposición de exigencias y limitaciones innecesarias por parte del Estado.En ese contexto, el marco normativo vigente en el Perú establece diversos mecanismos de control de las distintas clases de barreras de entrada y de permanencia en el mercado, dentro de los cuales se encuentra el sistema de eliminación de barreras burocráticas, regulado actualmente por el Decreto Legislativo 1256. A efectos de comprender este sistema y su correcta aplicación, el autor delimita el alcance y particularidades del concepto de barrera burocrática, así como los requisitos y exigencias para que los administrados puedan denunciar y acreditar la existencia de barreras burocráticas ilegales o carentes de razonabilidad ante el Indecopi.
Industria de contenidos audiovisuales y plataformas digitales: análisis desde el Derecho de la Competencia
Authors: Márquez Pablo , Arciniegas María Fernanda
Published: September 2021

El avance tecnológico de los últimos años ha producido importantes cambios en las dinámicas competitivas de la industria de contenidos audiovisuales. La digitalización y la mayor facilidad en el acceso a Internet ha incrementado la oferta y demanda dentro de este sector. El ingreso de nuevos agentes al mercado y de nuevos modos de producción y distribución de contenido nos obliga a repensar la normativa de competencia aplicable a esta industria. Ante ello, los autores proponen enfocar el análisis en la competencia entre los agentes de este mercado por captar y cautivar la atención de los consumidores. Con este objetivo, exploran las definiciones de mercado relevante en la industria de contenidos audiovisuales y plataformas digitales que tradicionalmente han acogido los organismos reguladores y las agencias de competencia latinoamericanas, europeas y estadounidense (con un especial énfasis en la reciente adquisición de 21st Century Fox por Disney), y analizan el funcionamiento y los posibles obstáculos a la libre competencia dentro de ellos.
Innovación y antitrust: una relación complicada
Authors: Tepper Maturana Richard
Published: September 2021

En general, se estima que la competencia es normativamente deseable debido a sus efectos en la creación y distribución de recursos. Sin embargo, su impacto en la tasa de innovación es una cuestión altamente compleja y debatida. En el presente texto, el autor explora los lineamientos más relevantes de dicho asunto, así como sus consecuencias para el Derecho de la Competencia. En ese sentido, analiza la literatura económica sobre la relación innovación-competencia y reflexiona sobre los problemas que genera la innovación en el seno de la tradición estructuralista del antitrust y en la fijación de sus estándares sustantivos.
The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on The Work Landscape and Employment Policy Responses: Insights From Labor Policies Adopted in The Greek Context
Authors: Triantafillidou Eleni , Koutroukis Theodore
Published: September 2021

This study explores the impact of Covid-19 on labor relations and public labor relations policies. Focus is given to the worldwide effects of the pandemic on employment, the impact of Covid-19 on the European labor landscape, the impact of the pandemic on the Greek labor context, and the main labor policies and measures adopted in Greece during Covid-19. The analysis of the effects of the pandemic on employment is based on published research material from ILO, Eurofound and the database of the Greek Ministry of Labor. The section concerning the impact of Covid-19 on the labor relations policies and the measures adopted in the Greek context is based on the analysis of the Greek institutional framework and the related legislative acts. The main employment policy responses to Covid-19 pandemic are ensuring workers’ safety, maintaining adequate paid sick leave, upholding support for workers with caring needs, adapting job retention schemes, ensuring adequate income protection, expanding employment services and training and giving the young people the support they need. Planning and implementing effective labor policies is a demanding goal that requires cooperation and synergies among economic, research, innovation and lifelong education policies.
Reforms in Times of Crisis: Notes on the Greek Policy Making from Bankruptcy to COVID-19
Authors: Balampanidis Ioannis , Liakaki Sotiria
Published: September 2021

In this paper, an in-depth quantitative and qualitative analysis of the “emergency” regulation in Greece over the years of acute economic crisis and up to the COVID-19 public health crisis is performed, to examine if this kind of regulation has been too extended and whether it undermined any effective policy design. According to our working hypothesis, the “fast-track” legislation highlights the fragmented and somewhat erratic way of policymaking in Greece, while it also affirms the country’s limited capacity to properly initiate and implement reforms. Thus, the paper focuses on the collection and evaluation of the legislative corpus during the 2009-2021 period; its objective being, on the one hand, to evaluate whether and how much each government resorted to the invocation of urgency and on the other hand to examine the documentation and description of the legislative process vis-àvis the imperatives and quality criteria of Better Regulation and EvidenceBased Policy Making. At the same time, the article focuses on legislative texts of the 2020-2021 COVID-19 health crisis period. It will showcase the latter as an additional trigger aggravating the “urgency” element of regulation, transforming it into a persistent feature of Greek policymaking. Ergo, we examine methods and practices at the international level, focusing especially on the Evidence-Based Policy Making paradigm. Based on the analysis of the crisis regulation and international EBPM best practices, the paper concludes with key recommendations for an effective policymaking procedure, dependent on the establishment of an integrated Center of Government in Greece.
Modelling of the air pollutants’ cold-start emissions depending on average vehicles’ speed
Authors: Laskowski Piotr , Zimakowska-Laskowska Magdalena , Zasina Damian
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study is to present the results of mathematically modeled influence of the average speed on the pollutant released in the air during the cold-start process. There were taken into consideration the emission from the passenger cars (PCs) for the different fuel types, vehicles’ segments (including hybrid), and the Euro standard. In the article the simulations was performed using the COPERT software, as well as WLTP-based research. The modelling results there are presented show that the change in average speed has a significant effect on air pollutant (CO2, NOx, NMVOC, CO) emissions released in cold-start process. Furthermore, the results show that pollutants’ emissions are sensitive to average speed fluctuations.
The differences of glycodelin and uterus NK cell expression in obese and non-obese rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Ningtriyas Diyah Nofita Ofa , Wiyasa Arsana , Nooryanto Muhammad
Published: September 2021

HIGHLIGHTS1. Obesity increases the risk of comorbidities especially for the pregnancy.2. The study analyzed glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression using Rattus norvegicus as animal model.3. uNK cell expression of the obese rats group was higher as the marker of chronic inflammation for obesity.4. Although there was increasing uNK cells in obese rats group, this result was not followed by the level of gycodelin.ABSTRACTObjectives: To prove the existence of differences in glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression in obese and non-obese female white rats of Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus).Materials and Methods: . This study used a randomized post-test only controlled group design. This in vivo study used two groups of female rats (Rattus norvegicus). Group 1 was treated with the high obese diet for eight weeks, and group 2 was not treated with the high obese diet. After eight weeks, the rats were weighed, the proestrus phase was synchronized, and then the rats were terminated.Results: In this study, there was no significant difference in glycodelin levels between the obese and non-obese groups with a p= 0.821 (p >0.05). Significant differences were found in uterine NK cell expression between obese dan non-obese groups with p=0.001 (p <0.05). The correlation test of glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression showed insignificant results with a correlation coefficient of 0.120 and p=0.513. This proved that there was no significant correlation between glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression.Conclusion: There was no significant difference between glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression in obese and non-obese female white rats of Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus).
Retroperitoneum parasitic leiomyoma: Dilemmatic diagnostic
Authors: Waluyo Setyo Teguh , Yuseran Hariadi , Armanza Ferry , Wibowo Yuvens Richardo
Published: September 2021

HIGHLIGHTS1. Parasitic leimyoma was found in a 38 year-old woman with complaint of mass in lower abdomen and already done biopsy by laparotomy 4 months before.2. During operation, the tumor was detached from the uterus, located retroperitoneally as high as L4 – S1 vertebrae.3. The tumor had been confirmed intraoperatively and proven histopathologically as parasitic leimyoma.4. Retroperitoneal parasitic leiomyoma is of a rare type and it needs multidisciplinary examination and approaches to increase the quality of its management.ABSTRACTObjectives: To describe a retroperitoneum parasitic leiomyoma case: a dilemma in diagnosis and operation finding.Case Report: A 38 year-old woman with 3 children visited Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, with complaint of mass in lower abdomen and about 4 months before, she underwent biopsy by laparotomy which revealed leiomyoma. Parasitic leiomyoma is a rare type of leiomyoma with predilection area in broad ligament, pelvic peritoneum, pouch of douglas, and omentum. During operation, the tumor was detached from the uterus and located retroperitoneally as high as L4–S1. It had been confirmed intraoperatively and proven histopathologically as a leiomyoma.Conclusion: Retroperitoneal parasitic leiomyoma may cause a dilemma in the diagnosis. Multidiscipline examination and approaches may increase the quality of management.
Ide Garapan Naskah “Antropogenik” Karya Conie Sema pada Komunitas Teater Potlot Palembang
Authors: Yulisa Tuenti , Heryanto A. , Arhon Dhony Nugroho Notosutanto
Published: September 2021

Tulisan ini merupakan hasil kajian terhadap ide garapan naskah dan pertunjukan teater “Antropogenik” karya Conie Sema pada komunitas Teater Potlot Palembang. Kajian ini berjenis deskriptif-kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif sehingga diketahui bahwa: 1) ide garapan naskah-pertunjukan teater “Antropogenik” karya Conie Sema berdasar pada persoalan ekologis, yaitu perusakan lingkungan manusia; 2) pertunjukan teater “Antropogenik” dibuat sederhana dengan empat elemen yaitu gesture/bentuk pertujukan, gerak, blocking, dan bunyi; 4) keunikan pada pertunjukan “Antopogenik” karya Conie Sema adalah pada sisi aktor sebagai performer, bukan karakter tokoh.
Predicting and comparing the fire performance of a small-scale composite structure
Authors: Cirpici Burak Kaan
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this paper is to investigate a strategy for the fire testing of reduced scale structural models which will help engineers design safer structures and reduce the loss from fires. The concept of this work is how composite frame floor arrangements, beam-column connections might be modelled at a small scale suitable for fire testing. Testing full-scale is expensive, besides the testing of scaled model produces reasonable results which help us to understand the failure mechanism and all significant thermo-structural responses involved in a fire. Thermal effects within a structural element generate fire curve, thermal input and structural displacement output, in other words cause and impact. Dimensional analysis, which is a condition for dynamic similarity between prototype and model, can be achieved when all the dimensionless groups are set equal for both model and prototype. On the other hand, scaling rules are used to decide how much insulating material will be used on a structure. 5-storey composite building with composite floors and steel columns has been modelled at small scale with 1/5. The obtained results from various parametric investigations show that the reduced scale model fire test method would be a feasible way to investigate the fire performance of composite structures.
Investigation of moment-curvature and effective section stiffness of reinforced concrete columns
Authors: Foroughi Saeid , Yüksel Süleyman Bahadır
Published: September 2021

In determining the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures in national and international seismic code, it is desired to use effective section stiffness of the cracked section in RC structural elements during the design phase. Although the effective stiffness of the cracked section is not constant, it depends on parameters such as the dimension of the cross-section, concrete strength and axial force acting on the section. In this study, RC column models with different axial load levels, concrete strength, longitudinal and transverse reinforcement ratios were designed to investigate effective stiffness. Analytically investigated parameters were calculated from TBEC (2018), ACI318 (2014), ASCE/SEI41 (2017), Eurocode 2 (2004) and Eurocode8 (2004, 2005) regulations and moment-curvature relationships. From the numerical analysis results, it is obtained that the axial load level, concrete strength, longitudinal and transverse reinforcement ratios have an influence on the effective stiffness factor of RC column sections. The calculated effective stiffness for RC columns increases with increasing transverse reinforcement ratio, longitudinal reinforcement ratio and concrete strength. Due to the increase of axial force, effective stiffness values of concrete have increased.
Evaluation of the period and soft story conditions of reinforced concrete buildings with and without infill walls
Authors: Zengin Başak
Published: September 2021

Since the ground floor of most of the buildings in our country is designed as a shop or ground floor (in the buildings created as a workplace), there is very little infill wall ratio on the ground floors due to architectural and functional reasons, and some of them do not even exist at all. However, infill walls significantly increase the horizontal rigidity and strength of the structure, thus causing a decrease in the period value that determines the earthquake loads that will affect the structure. However, the infill wall meets the first destructive forces of the earthquake, and during this time, it cracks and absorbs some of the earthquake energy. The structural system elements of the building (columns and shear walls) start to meet the earthquake forces only when the infill walls are damaged and fail. In this direction, the aim of this study is to investigate to what extent the amount of infill wall on the ground floor affects the period of the building, and whether there are soft storey irregularities in the building according to the change in the amount of infill wall on the ground floor. In this study, while there are infill walls on all floors and all axes of buildings of various heights (3, 6, 9 and 11 floors), the amount of infill walls in the x and y directions on the ground floors is reduced to a certain extent, and many models are created until the ground floor is completely without infill walls. All these models created were analyzed with the support of the SAP2000 program, and the period values were determined and examined according to the soft storey problems and compared with the case of the entire building with and without infill walls. In addition, it was examined whether the period formulas determined as a result of the studies and taking into account the infill wall give realistic results for the situation examined in this study.
Assessment of Using 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Patients with Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
Authors: Yaremenko S. A. , Ruchyeva N. A. , Sinitsyn V. E.
Published: September 2021

Objectives: to assess the possibility of using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP); to determine the effectiveness of PET/CT for detecting a primary tumor lesion in patients with a histologically verified diagnosis of CUP and the contribution of PET/CT procedure to the process of disease staging in these patients.Material and methods. From September 2018 to March 2019, the retrospective study included a total of 187 patients (64 (34.2%) females and 123 (65.8%) males) diagnosed with CUP. The patients’ mean age was 61.9 ± 7.5 years. Before PET/CT, all the patients underwent puncture biopsy of at least one metastatic lesion, which histologically verified the malignant nature of the neoplasm. A number of conventional studies were also performed as part of an oncosearch to identify the nature of a primary cancer lesion.Results. Biopsy of lymph node metastases in 187 patients included in the study showed the following distribution according to the histological types of the tumor: 87 (46.5%) patients were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma, 15 (8%) with melanoma, 45 (24.1%) with undifferentiated carcinoma, 23 (12.3%) with adenocarcinoma, 17 (9.1%) with undifferentiated malignant neoplasm. The examination could identify a primary tumor site in 93 (49.7%) patients; no primary source was found in 94 (50.3%) patients. After PET/CT, there were no significant differences in the age of patients with and without CUP. PET/CT revealed new, previously undetected metastatic lesions in 93 cases, accounting for 49.7% of the entire sample. It is worth noting that after PET/CT, a change in the stage of tumor development tool place in 131 (70.1%) cases, which was associated with both the detection of the primary tumor and the identification of new metastatic lesions. The stage change was significantly more frequently observed in patients with detected CUP than in those with undetected CUP (100% vs. 40.4%; p < 0.001).Conclusion. PET/CT can more accurately determine the stage of cancer in a large proportion of patients with CUP. The technique is able to identify the primary tumor in a significant number of cases, which in turn affects treatment policy and prognosis in these patients. The use of PET/CT should be obligatorily included in the examination protocol for patients with CUP.
Difficulties in the Radiation Diagnosis of Acute Mesenteric Thrombosis in Patients with Chronic Critical Illness
Authors: Staroseltseva O. A. , Nudnov N. V. , Radutnaya M. L. , Kirchin A. N. , Bondar’ Е. А. , Bessonova L. V. , Altukhov E. L. , Yakovlev A. A. , Shaybak A. F.
Published: September 2021

Acute mesenteric ischemia is an acute disruption of blood supply to part of the intestine, which, if untreated, leads to bowel wall necrosis and a patient’s death. Computed tomography (CT) plays a leading role in detecting mesenteric ischemia and in making the initial diagnosis, especially in patients with chronic critical illness, when productive contact is impossible. The final diagnosis is established during surgery or postmortem examination. Timely diagnosis and surgical treatment are a basic tool to reduce high mortality rates from this disease. The article presents the possibilities of CT in imaging and making the primary diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia and mesenteric thrombosis.