bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengelolaan Daerah Tampung Way Rarem, Lampung Utara, Suatu Analisa Sosial Ekonomi
Authors: Hermanto Hermanto
Published: February 2017

Abstrak

Kelestarian fungsi Waduk Way Rarem sangat bergantung pada tingkat erosi tanah dan debit air yang dihasilkan oleh daerah tampung. Oleh karena itu daerah tampung Way Rarem perlu dijaga kelestariannya supaya dapat berfungsi sebagai pengatur erosi tanah dan aliran air. Pengelolaan daerah tampung yang ditinjau dari segi sosial ekonomi bermanfaat dalam mengidentifikasi peubah sosial, ekonomi dan kependudukan yang berperan dalam proses perubahan tataguna lahan di daerah ini. Optimasi penggunaan sumberdaya lahan yang memperhatikan pembatas erosi tanah diperlukan dalam rangka meningkatkan manfaat sosial bagi pengelolaan daerah tampung. Analisa kualitatif, yang ditunjang oleh analisa korelasi non parametrika dipergunakan dalam rangka mengidentifikasi peubah sosial, ekonomi dan kependudukan yang berperan dalam proses perubahan tataguna lahan. Metode rancangan linier dipergunakan dalam analisa optimasi penggunaan sumberdaya lahan di daerah tampung. Dari basil analisa sosial ekonomi didapatkan tiga peubah yang sangat menentukan perubahan tataguna laban di daerah tampung, yaitu peubah sarana sosial ekonomi (X2), status hukum atas lahan (X4) dan kepadatan penduduk (X12). Hasil optimasi penggunaan sumberdaya lahan menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan penanaman kopi seluas 19.205 (63.7%), lada seluas 7644 (25.4%) dan reboasasi seluas 1.146 ha (3.8%); masih dapat menjamin umur pakai waduk sampai dengan 60 tahun. Keuntungan sosial yang didapat dari basil optimasi tersebut adalah 16.4 milyar rupiah.
Efisiensi Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Domestik dalam Usaha Sapi Perah di Jawa Barat
Authors: Rusastra I. Wayan , Yusdja Yusmichad
Published: February 2017

Abstrak

Analisa ekonomi tentang eflsiensi pemanfaatan sumberdaya domestik dengan alat Analisa DRC (Domestic Resource Cost) meaunjukkan bahwa pada tingkat produktivitas yang lebih rendah dari yang dicapai saat ini, menyebabkan pola perusahaan dan pola peternak tidak eflsien seandainya harga susu di pasaran internasional lebih rendah dariUS$ 0,19 atau Rp 120/liter. Produktivitas 2750 liter/unit ternak/tahun kiranya mampu dicapai lewat pola rekomendasi yang diajukan. Pada tingkat produksi ini, pemenuhan permintaan susu dengan produksi dalam negeri tetap menguntungkan sekalipun harga susu di pasaran internasional turun menjadi US$ 0,13 atau Rp 80 per liter. Pada tingkat produksi pola rekomendasi dan tingkat produksi 2 750 liter/unit ternak/tahun, usaha persusuan dalam negeri tetap eflsien dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya domestik, sekalipun harga daging dipasaran internasional turun menjadi US $0.64 atau Rp 400/kg berat hidup Oebih rendah dari harga finansial yang besarnya Rp 1200/kg). Harga riil susu di dalam negeri yang cukup tinggi (Rp 220/liter) masih mampu ditekan dengan tetap memberikan keuntungan yang memadai kepada peternak. Bila tingkat produksi 2.750 liter/unit ternak/tahun mampu dicapai dengan pola rekomendasi, maka pada tingkat produktivitas itu, harga yang layak secara fimansial adalah sekitar Rp 150/liter.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Pompa Air terhadap Tingkat Pendapatan Petani Studi Kasus di Daerah Karawang-Bekasi, Jawa Barat
Authors: Saleh Chaerul
Published: February 2017

Abstrak

Program intensifikasi padi dan tanaman pangan lainnya perlu ditunjang dengan penyediaan air yang cukup agar program tersebut berhasil. Dalam menunjang program itu, pemerintah melakukan rehabilitasi prasarana pengairan diantaranya dengan memanfaatkan teknologi pompa air. Tulisan ini mencoba menganalisa pengaruh penggunaan pompa air terhadap tingkat pendapatan petani dari usahatani padi yang didasarkan atas hasil penelitian di daerah kabupaten Karawang dan Bekasi. Analisa ditekankan pada telaahan perubahan yang terjadi dalam pola tanam, intensitas tanam dan pendapatan. Selain itu dilakukan pula analisa kelayakan finansial usaha pompa air dengan menggunakan kriteria investasi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh petunjuk bahwa setelah petani memakai pompa air terjadi peningkatan, pola tanam, produktivitas dan pendapatan usahatani padi. Akan tetapi dilain pihak pengusaha pompa air secara finansial tidak menguntungkan karena nilai sewa yang diterima oleh pengusaha pompa air hanya dapat menutup biaya operasi saja.
Skala Usaha dan Efisiensi Ekonomi Relatif Usaha Ternak Ayam Petelur
Authors: Yusdja Yusmichad , Saragih Bungaran
Published: February 2017

Ringkasan

Skala usaha dalam usaha ternak ayam merupakan topik dari penelitian ini. Dengan mengambil lokasi penelitian pada jalur lintas Jakarta-Bogor dan Sukabumi dan dengan sampel peternak dari berbagai skala usaha, telah dapat dirumuskan beberapa hal pokok. Pertama, biaya tenaga kerja dan makanan ternak berpengaruh negatif dan nyata pada tingkat keuntungan, sedangkan kenaikan investasi memberikan dampak yang sama. Kedua, antara pemilikan 500-15.000 ekor dengan rata-rata 1.600 ekor ternyata masih berada pada kondisi "increasing returns to scale". Ketiga, semakin besar skala usaha, semakin baik efisiensi ekonominya. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya penerapan azas konsolidasi dan dalam usaha pengadaan masukan ternak yang murah serta perlunya pelayanan kredit investasi yang lebih luas, terutama untuk peternak kecil.
Pendapatan dan Kesempatan Kerja Buruh Migran di Mariuk dan Tambakdahan (Kabupaten Subang-Jawa Barat)
Authors: Colter Yusuf M.
Published: February 2017

tidak tersedia abstrak
Optimalisasi Integrasi Tanaman Pangan dan Ternak Sapi pada Berbagai Topografi Lahan di Bali, Suatu Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Rusastra I. Wayan
Published: February 2017

Abstrak

Optimalisasi integrasi ternak dan tanaman pangan dengan perancangan linier diharapkan dapat memberi altematif upaya peningkatan pendapatan dalam usahatani. Disamping itu diharapkan pula mampu menunjukkan arah pengembangan temak sapi dalam suatu daerah dengan kondisi agroekologi tertentu. Realokasi sumberdaya dalam solusi optimal menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pendapatan yang cukup memadai, kecuali untuk petani berlahan sedang dan luas didataran rendah. Bagi kedua golongan petani yang disebutkan terakhir ini, komoditi rekomendasi perlu digarap dalam penelitian lanjutan, atau perlu diciptakan teknologi budidaya tanaman sehingga pendapatan yang semakin layak dapat diciptakan. Dengan meningkatnya luas garapan, temak sapi temyata bersifat kompetitif dengan tanaman pangan untuk daerah dataran rendah dan berbukit. Implikasinya adalah untuk mempertahankan kehadiran usaha temak sapi perlu diciptakan suatu teknologi pengusahaan ternak yang mampu memanfaatkan tenaga kerja dan modal secara lebih efisien. Didapatkan pula bahwa peningkatan pendapatan dalam salusi optimal temyata diikuti oleh penurunan memanfaatkan tenaga kerja dalam keluarga sehingga produktivitas per tenaga kerja meningkat. Implikasi lintas sektoral yang dapat dikemukakan adalah perlu diciptakan kesempatan kerja diluar sektor pertanian, terutama pada saat pemanfaatan tenaga kerja keluarga secara tidak penuh.
Efficiency Analysis of Rice Farming in Java 1977-1983
Authors: Kasryno Faisal
Published: February 2017

no abstract available
Resource Utilization Efficiency of Rice Production in South Sulawesi
Authors: Maamun Yusuf
Published: February 2017

no abstract available
Integrasi Pasar: Suatu Analisa pada Pasar Internasional Minyak Nabati
Authors: Suryana Achmad
Published: February 2017

Abstrak

Kemampuan mengagregatkan suatu group komoditi atau mendifferensiasikan suatu komoditi akan sangat berguna bagi pemilihan dan perumusan model empirik dalam penelitian yang menyangkut perdagangan internasional. Analisa regresi sederhana harga dapat dipakai sebagai metoda untuk menentukan tingkat pengagregasian dan menditeksi adanya integrasi pasar. Dalam penelitian ini, metoda ini dipakai untuk mepganalisa perilaku pasar international minyak nabati, khususnya minyak kedelai, minyak bunga matahari, minyak sawit, dan minyak kelapa. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa integrasi pasar minyak nabati di pasar internasional EEC-10 meningkat overtime. Sementara itu differensiasi komoditi minyak nabati berdasarkan negara asal tidak mendapatkan dukungan dari hasil penelitian ini.
Penawaran Beras Indonesia: Suatu Analisa Kontribusi Peubah Penentu Produksi Beras Indonesia
Authors: Lokollo Ema Maria
Published: February 2017

Abstrak

Beras merupakan komoditi pangan utama di Indonesia. Konsekuensinya Pemerintah harus tanggap terhadap parameter yang berhubungan dengan penawaran beras. Penelitian ini menduga fungsi komponen luas panen dan produksi per hektar lahan sawah dan ladang di semua propinsi Indonesia kecuali Timor-Timur. Alat analisa yang digunakan adalah persamaan regresi logaritma dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa penggunaan varietas unggul dan harga pupuk nyata mempengaruhi areal panen, dengan elastisitas masing-masing 1.0015 dan -0.8720 (sawah) dan 0.9005 dan -1.006 (ladang). Penggunaan pupuk, varietas unggul dan harga padi nyata mempengaruhi produksi per hektar. Elastisitas masing-masing antara 0.125 sampai -0.384; 0.604 sampai -0.263 dan 0.639 sampai -0.917 untuk lahan sawah dan ladang.
Supply of Rice and Demand for Fertilizer for Rice Farming in Indonesia
Authors: Kasryno Faisal
Published: February 2017

no abstract available
Results of Arthroscopic Ankle Arthrodesis with Fixation Using Two Parallel Headless Compression Screws in a Heterogenic Group of Patients
Authors: Kolodziej Lukas , Sadlik Boguslaw , Sokolowski Sebastian , Bohatyrewicz Andrzej
Published: February 2017

Background:

As orthopedic surgeons become skilled in ankle arthroscopy technique and evidence -based data is supporting its use, arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis (AAA) will likely continue to increase, but stabilization methods have not been described clearly. We present a technique for two parallel 7.3-mm headless compression screws fixation (HCSs) for AAA in cases of ankle arthritis with different etiology, both traumatic and non-traumatic, including neuromuscular and inflammatory patients.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively verified 24 consecutive patients (25 ankles) who underwent AAA between 2011 and 2015. The average follow-up was 26 months (range 18 to 52 months). Arthrodesis was performed in 16 patients due to posttraumatic arthritis (in 5 as a sequela of pilon, 6 ankles, 3 tibia fractures, and 2 had arthritis due to chronic instability after lateral ligament injury), in 4 patients due to neuromuscular ankle joint deformities, and in 4 patients due to rheumatoid arthritis.

Results:

Fusion occurred in 23 joints (92%) over an average of 12 weeks (range 6 to 18 weeks). Ankle arthrodesis was not achieved in 2 joints (8%), both in post-pilon fracture patients. The correct foot alignment was not achieved in 4 feet (16%). None of the treated patients required hardware removal.

Conclusion:

The presented technique was effective in achieving a high fusion rate in a variety of diseases, decreasing intra- and post-operative hardware complications while maintaining adequate bone stability.
Раціональний підхід до лікування гострих тонзилофарингітів у дітей
Authors: Chernyshova O.E.
Published: February 2017

У роботі розглянуто варіант місцевої протизапальної терапії при гострому тонзилофарингіті в дітей із протизапальним, анальгетичним, антимікробним і противірусним ефектом як у вигляді монотерапії, так і в комплексі з антибактеріальними засобами.
До питання про клінічну характеристику кримської геморагічної лихоманки
Authors: Bogdanova A.I. , Irgazieva G.K. , Matsui A.V. , Haymina T.D.
Published: February 2017

Мета дослідження: проаналізувати особливості основних клінічних симптомів у хворих на кримську геморагічну лихоманку (КГЛ). Матеріали та методи. Для виконання поставлених завдань було проведено обстеження 37 хворих з діагнозом «КГЛ, середньотяжкий перебіг», які перебували на лікуванні у ДБЗОЗ «ОІКЛ ім. О.М. Нічоги», за період 2005–2016 рр. Результати. Основними скаргами були: загальна слабкість (100 %), дифузний головний біль (91 %), зниження апетиту (76 %), артралгії (80 %), запаморочення (32 %), нудота (52 %), блювання (46 %), міалгія (65 %) і артралгія (78 %). Проявами геморагічного синдрому (ГС) є петехіальний висип (79 %), постін’єкційні (32,2 %) і травматичні (7,5 %) гематоми, кровоточивість ясен (52,3 %). З порожнинних кровотеч у спостережуваних були виявлені носові (14,3 %), шлунково-кишкові (15,7 %) і мікрогематурія (18,3 %). З боку дихальної та серцево-судинної системи специфічних ознак не знайдено. У 78 % випадків були виявлені ознаки дисфункції центральної нервової системи у вигляді загальмованості, сповільненості мовлення, швидкого виснаження і в одиничних випадках (8,1 %) — порушення сну. Висновки. Таким чином, клінічна картина основних симптомів КГЛ свідчить про наявність ГС як основного патогенетичного фактора хвороби, який впливає на перебіг і зрештою визначає прогноз захворювання.
Матеріали Республіканської науково-практичної конференції з міжнародною участю «Сучасні аспекти патогенезу, клініки, діагностики, лікування та профілактики паразитарних захворювань» (28 жовтня 2016 року, м Вітебськ, Республіка Білорусь)
Authors: Butenkova E.M. , Mitsura V.M. , Achinovich et al S.L.
Published: February 2017

У статті представлені тези Республіканської науково-практичної конференції з міжнародною участю «Сучасні аспекти патогенезу, клініки, діагностики, лікування та профілактики паразитарних захворювань», яка відбулася 28 жовтня 2016 р.у м. Вітебськ (Білорусь).
RELATO DE ACIDENTE BOTRÓPICO QUE RESULTOU EM AMPUTAÇÃO
Authors: Magalhães Hemerson Iury , De Almeida Ana Luiza Melo Cavalcanti , Da Silva Gleice Rayanne , Bezerra Rabelo Joanna Isabel de Lima , Da Silva Priscylla Mayara Gomes , Lacerda Nomário Pedroso
Published: February 2017

Os acidentes botrópicos possuem manifestações clínicas relacionadas às ações proteolítica, coagulante e hemorrágica do veneno destas serpentes. A ocorrência de acidentes graves pode ocasionar edema de rápida evolução, assim, aumentando o risco de perda de membro. O relato deste caso tem como objetivo alertar quanto a possível complicação ao edema nos acidentes botrópicos, chamada de síndrome compartimental e enfatizar que as condutas e a vigilância aos pacientes vítimas desses envenenamentos devem ser rigorosas.
Kingdom versus empire in Xenophon’s Cyropaedia
Authors: Jordovic Ivan
Published: February 2017

This paper examines the role of the distinction between the Persian kingdom
and the Persian empire drawn in Xenophon?s Cyropaedia with the view to
showing that Cyrus?s government of his empire does not lend itself to a
darker reading, but rather that his style of rule is based on an
aristocratic-meritocratic view of the world.
Information on travel of Nemanjic embassies: Content and context
Authors: Porcic Nebojsa
Published: February 2017

The paper offers an overview of available information on travel of medieval
Serbian embassies in the Nemanjic dynasty period. This content is
contextualized into the wider picture of regional embassy travel, presented
by the far better documented embassies of Dubrovnik, Venice and the Byzantine
Empire. The information is sorted by the key determining factors of an
embassy?s journey - diplomatic and auxiliary personnel, representational
accessories such as gifts and adornments, transport over land and sea,
sustenance, lodging, expenses and obstacles presented by nature and men.
The ideology of the Illyrian armorial
Authors: Rudic Srdjan
Published: February 2017

The appearance of the Illyrian Armorial in the late sixteenth century has
been linked to Petar Iveljin (son of Ivelja) Ohmucevic-Grguric, a native of
Dubrovnik (Ragusa) in the service of the Spanish king. The main purpose of
the Armorial was to demonstrate his noble descent. It was therefore designed
in such a way as to make it clear to everyone who should see it that the
Ohumucevic-Grgurics were an old and reputable noble family. In order for the
Armorial to achieve the intended purpose efficiently, some ideas and be?liefs
were slipped in which were current in the milieu in which it was created. The
Illyrian Armorial cannot therefore be properly understood without taking into
account the time and setting of its creation as it reflects various
political, cultural and religious influences of its time.
The 1905 parliamentary crisis in Serbia
Authors: Djordjevic Dimitrije
Published: February 2017

This paper examines the 1905 May crisis in Serbia that emerged from the
conflict between the parliament and Cabinet. It places this particular crisis
in the context of development of parliamentarianism in Serbia in the period
from the 1903 coup to the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. This
process reflected the application of parliamentary system of government, as
it was replicated from the British and French examples, to the circumstances
prevailing in Serbia during the challenging period of building a democratic
government after the autocracy under the Obrenovic dynasty. The case of the
May 1905 crisis demonstrated that parliamentary democracy in Serbia was
making progress despite the legacy of the ?old regime? and the lack of
tradition to build on. Hence the crisis remained strictly within
parliamentary bounds.
Miroslav Spalajkovic, the Serbian Minister in Russia in the july crisis of 1914
Authors: Bajin Zoran
Published: February 2017

One of those who played a supporting role in the prologue of the great
European tragedy of 1914 was Miroslav Spalajkovic, the Serbian Minister in St
Petersburg. Known as a sworn enemy of Austria-Hungary, he was a close
associate of the Serbian Prime Minister Nikola Pasic. The latter was aware of
Spalajkovic?s weaknesses but trusted him nevertheless. Although Spalajkovic
had spent a brief period of time in St Petersburg prior to the July Crisis
and could not have exerted considerable influence on the Russian ruling
circles, he spared no effort to secure support for Serbia in the face of
Vienna?s sabre-rattling. In fact, the Russians did not need a Serbian
diplomat to point out what was obvious: that they could not allow the
destruction of an independent and pro-Russian Serbia on the southern border
of Austria-Hungary. Having sensed the political mood in St Petersburg, he
enthusiastically reported to his government that Serbia would not be left in
the lurch. His dispatches boosted self-confidence in Serbia and made its
leaders firmer in their resistance to Austria-Hungary?s demands.
Le traité de Trianon, l’acte constitutif de l’Ëtat yougoslave?
Authors: Pavlovic Vojislav
Published: February 2017

La guerre victorieuse de la Serbie et la dissolution de l?Autriche-Hongrie
avaient permis l?union du Royaume du Pierre I avec les provinces orientales
de la partie hongroise de l?Empire des Habsbourg. Or, avant que leur union
fut accept?e par les Alli?s, selon les termes de l?armistice ? Villa Giusti,
une administration temporaire est mise en place dans les r?gions du Banat,
Backa et Baranja, celles avec une population hongroise cons?quente. Trait? du
Trianon ent?rine en juin 1920 l?int?gration de la Croatie, de la Slavonie, de
la Bosnie et Herz?govine, et de la Vojvodina au Royaume des Serbes, Croates
et Slov?nes. La minorit? hongroise dans l??tat yougoslave connut une
?volution qui assura sa stabilit? num?rique ainsi que son essor culturel
gr?ce au syst?me d??ducation en langue hongroise de l??cole primaire jusqu??
l?universit?.
From Paris to Lausanne: Aspects of Greek-Yugoslav relations during the first interwar years (1919-1923)
Authors: Loupas Athanasios
Published: February 2017

This paper looks at the course of Greek-Yugoslav relations from the Paris
Peace Conference to the Treaty of Lausanne. Following the end of the First
World War Greece and the newly-created Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
formed a common front on an anti-Bulgarian basis, putting aside unresolved
bilateral issues. Belgrade remained neutral during the Greek-Turkish war
despite the return of King Constantine. But after the Greek catastrophe in
Asia Minor the relations between Athens and Belgrade were lopsided.
A difficult and silent return Italian exiles from Dalmatia and Yugoslav Zadar/Zara after the Second World War
Authors: Monzali Luciano
Published: February 2017

The aim of this essay is to offer a brief analysis of the political activity
of the Italian exiles from Dalmatia after the Second World War and their
relations with their mother?land and their hometown of Zadar/Zara. Their
activities failed to bring about a change of the Italian-Yugoslav border
established by the 1947 Treaty of Peace with Italy, but they displayed great
activism and a strong determination to keep their cultural traditions alive
not only in Italy but also in Yugoslav Zadar. After much effort the Italian
exiles eventually succeeded in setting up a public Italian club in Zadar in
1991, after the end of communist Yugoslavia and the creation of independent
Croatia.
Music and crisis
Authors: Milenkovic Ivan
Published: February 2017

In this article the author does not consider crisis a threat, but in a modern
sense, an auto-motive drive of art. Therefore, crisis does not affect the
art from the outside, it does not hit it as an illness or a storm, but it
always produces itself, which is considered to be a condition for movement
in art. First of all, the author analyzes the notion of representation and
the four roots of the sufficient reason as a conservative and conserving
element of art, to which he opposes crisis and its self-production as
something that resists sclerotization of art forms. In music, the relation
between the ossified, "naturalized" structure and that which decomposes that
structure, manifests itself as the relation between harmony and disharmony.
The moment when harmony shows a tendency towards naturality, understanding
eternity and truth, an alarm is activated to show that music is being
paralyzed and it needs a deconstructive intervention of disharmony,
atonality and dissonance.
Crisis concealing light
Authors: Romanou Katy
Published: February 2017

In this article I discuss the blossoming of musical life in Greece that begun
in 1974, simultaneously with the growth of the debt crisis. Communist
musicians returned from exile and they were hailed as heroes while their
music became indispensible to pre-electoral gatherings. Connected to the
return to democracy, music and musicians became extremely important to
politicians and loved by the people, and were offered a substantial portion
of the money that poured in from the EU. Cold War cultural politics played
their role in promoting avant-garde music as well. In comparison, today
Greece has a great number of excellent musicians and the architectural
infrastructure for the performance and study of music, but these are
concealed by the daily hammering of crisis news.
A Peasant’s Interview with a Foreign Journalist by Predrag Milosevic in relation to the question of socialist realism in Serbian music history
Authors: Milojkovic Milan
Published: February 2017

Bearing in mind the position occupied by Yugoslav postwar music, in this
article I review certain compositional strategies implemented by Predrag
Milosevic in his piece A Peasant?s Interview with a Foreign Journalist, by
means of which this modernist composer stepped into the field of socialist
realism. I will analyze the score in order to identify the most significant
compositional-technical strategies used by the composer. Further analyses
will encompass an interpretation of the piece with respect to the theories of
socialist realism, while a separate segment of this article will be dedicated
to some aspects of the relationship between this composition and writings
published at the time of its creation. I will then use these analyses to
emphasize some points in Milosevic?s work where one can observe connections
with the theoretical output of his contemporaries, as well as with recent
writings that focus on understanding the place of socialist realism in
Serbian music history.
Listening to “The human without a soul” - outline for an audience-centred history of broadcasting in communist Albania
Authors: Pistrick Eckehard
Published: February 2017

The paper proposes a study of broadcasting in one of the most tightly
isolated regimes of the communist Eastern Bloc, beyond the paradigms of radio
as a pure propaganda medium and of radio history as pure institutional
history. Instead of a macro-history from above, this contribution proposes an
ethnographically grounded micro-perspective alongside the lines of ?audience
studies?, informed by ?oral history? methods. It proposes focusing on the
social effects of radio listening and, in a broader perspective, on how radio
broadcasting was embedded into larger modernization agendas of the regime of
Enver Hoxha.
Thermal behavior analysis of PWR fuel during RIA at various fuel burnups using modified theatre code
Authors: Nawaz Amjad , Hidekazu Yoshikawa , Yang Ming , Hussain Anwar
Published: February 2017

The fuel irradiation and burnup causes geometrical and dimensional changes in
the fuel rod which affects its thermal resistance and ultimately affects the
fuel rod behavior during steady-state and transient conditions. The
consistent analysis of fuel rod thermal performance is essential for precise
evaluation of reactor safety in operational transients and accidents. In this
work, analysis of PWR fuel rod thermal performance is carried out under
steady-state and transient conditions at different fuel burnups. The analysis
is performed by using thermal hydraulic code, THEATRe. The code is modified
by adding burnup dependent fuel rod behavior models. The original code uses
as-fabricated fuel rod dimensions during steady-state and transient
conditions which can be modified to perform more consistent reactor safety
analysis. AP1000 reactor is considered as a reference reactor for this
analysis. The effect of burnup on steady-state fuel rod parameters has been
investigated. For transient analysis, hypothetical reactivity initiated
accident was simulated by considering a triangular power pulse of variable
pulse height (relative to the full power reactor operating conditions) and
pulse width at different fuel burnups which corresponds to fresh fuel, low
and medium burnup fuels. The effect of power pulse height, pulse width and
fuel burnup on fuel rod temperatures has been investigated. The results of
reactivity initiated accident analysis show that the fuel failure mechanisms
are different for fresh fuel and fuel at different burnup levels. The fuel
failure in fresh fuel is expected due to fuel melting as fuel temperature
increases with increase in pulse energy (pulse height). However, at
relatively higher burnups, the fuel failure is expected due to cladding
failure caused by strong pellet clad mechanical interaction, where, the
contact pressure increases beyond the cladding yield strength.
Design of reduced size long counter with flat response function from few keV to 20 MeV
Authors: Mazunga Mohamed , JI Xiang , Li Taosheng , Li Yanan
Published: February 2017

In this study, a reduced size neutron long counter with improved response
function was designed using SuperMC simulation code. The main parts of the
reduced size long counter are 3He proportional counter, cylindrical
moderators made of polyethylene, chromium metal converter, neutron absorber
material and outer aluminum cover. A 1.5 cm thick layer of chromium metal was
embedded into the hydrogen-rich moderator to enhance response of the long
counter at high neutron energies. The radius and length of the long counter
was reduced to 15 cm and 35 cm, respectively. In this design we managed to
obtain a flat response function from a few keV to 20 MeV energy range. The
angular response function, determined at 0.5 MeV and 14 MeV neutron energies,
confirmed that the reduced size long counter designed in this study is not
significantly affected by in-scattered neutrons. The reduced size long
counter is suitable for use as a standard transfer instrument for monitoring
neutron fluence in mono-energetic neutron fields.
Semi-empirical relationship for the energy absorption buildup factor in some biological samples
Authors: Salehi Danial , Sardari Dariush , Jozani Milad
Published: February 2017

Energy absorption buildup factors in the energy range of 0.2 MeV to 2 MeV
using a geometric progression fitting approximation in some selected
essential amino acids, fatty acids and carbohydrate molecules have been
obtained. A semi empirical relation-ship describing energy absorption buildup
factors as a function of penetration depth, Compton scattering and energy
absorption cross-section is used. This semi empirical method was defined in
an earlier work on water and soft tissue by one of the present authors. We
used this method for the calculating energy absorption buildup factor in
biological samples. The results are compared with the energy absorption
buildup factors data of the geometric progression fitting method. Good
agreement between semi empirical and geometric progression fitting methods
has been observed, so that average deviation is less than 2 % for all
samples.
Study on the coefficient of variation in indian personnel monitoring system
Authors: Chandrasekhar Sneha , Pradhan Suresh , Bhattacharya Madhumita , Pradeep Ratna , Datta Debabrata
Published: February 2017

The primary parameters for testing an individual monitoring system are
standard deviation and the coefficient of variation. The International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard 62387-1 recommends testing the
coefficient of variation of dosemeters for various doses because the
acceptable coefficient of variation changes with the dose level. However, for
dose quantity Hp(10), i. e. doses greater than 1.1 mSv, the acceptable limit
is 5 % and remains unchanged up to the highest dose in the measurable range.
This study was carried out to confirm whether the same is followed in the
Indian personnel monitoring system when measuring Hp(10) and also in order to
study the variation in the coefficient of variation with a given dose. It was
observed that even if the coefficient of variation at doses between 0.1 mSv
and 1.1 mSv is lower than the IEC requirement, at higher doses, the same may
not be true. In routine monitoring, since the anticipated doses are less than
1 mSv, a monitoring system which performs better than the IEC requirement at
these levels of doses is an advantage. However, good performance at said dose
levels does not naturally indicate good performance at higher doses.
Excision of choledochal cyst in children by Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy
Authors: Hossain A. K. M. Zahid , Hasan Gazi Zahirul , Mandal Susankar Kumar , Koirala Dinesh Prasad , Sah Sanjay Kumar , Chowdhury Razib Ahmed
Published: February 2017

The aim of this study was to review our experience of total excision with Roux-en-Y hepatico-jejunostomy for the surgical management of type I and type IVa choledochal cysts in 30 children. Among them, 22 were in type I and 8 in type IVa choledochal cysts. All had complete excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy with no morality. Morbidity consisted of prolong drainage (n=2) and late onset cholangitis/pancreatitis (n=4). Choledochal cyst generally has an excellent prognosis with early complete excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy.
Metal nanostructures: from clusters to nanocatalysis and sensors
Authors: Smirnov B M
Published: February 2017

The properties of metal clusters and nanostructures composed of them are reviewed. Various existing methods for the generation of intense beams of metal clusters and their subsequent conversion into nanostructures are compared. Processes of the flow of a buffer gas with active molecules through a nanostructure are analyzed as a basis of using nanostructures for catalytic applications. The propagation of an electric signal through a nanostructure is studied by analogy with a macroscopic metal. An analysis is given of how a nanostructure changes its resistance as active molecules attach to its surface and are converted into negative ions. These negative ions induce the formation of positively charged vacancies inside the metal conductor and attract the vacancies to together change the resistance of the metal nanostructure. The physical basis is considered for using metal clusters and nanostructures composed of them to create new materials in the form of a porous metal film on the surface of an object. The fundamentals of nanocatalysis are reviewed. Semiconductor conductometric sensors consisting of bound nanoscale grains or fibers acting as a conductor are compared with metal sensors conducting via a percolation cluster, a fractal fiber, or a bunch of interwoven nanofibers formed in superfluid helium. It is shown that sensors on the basis of metal nanostructures are characterized by a higher sensitivity than semiconductor ones, but are not selective. Measurements using metal sensors involve two stages, one of which measures to high precision the attachment rate of active molecules to the sensor conductor, and in the other one the surface of metal nanostructures is cleaned from the attached molecules using a gas discharge plasma (in particular, capillary discharge) with a subsequent chromatography analysis for products of cleaning.
The Functions of a Servant Leader
Authors: Coetzer Michiel , Bussin Mark , Geldenhuys Madelyn
Published: February 2017

Servant leadership has been researched internationally and various types of favourable individual, team, and organisational outcomes have been linked to the construct. Different servant leadership measures have been validated to date and a clear distinction has been made between the theory of servant leadership and other leadership theories. However, it seems that research on the implementation of servant leadership within an organisation is still in need. The main functions of a servant leader are not yet conceptualised in the literature to help researchers or practitioners to implement servant leadership successfully within organisations. After conducting a systematic literature review, the main functions of a servant leader were identified. These functions were clustered into strategic servant leadership and operational servant leadership and supported by servant leadership characteristics and competencies as defined by current literature. The results of this study might help practitioners to develop servant leaders more effectively and assist organisations to cultivate a servant leadership culture within companies. Limitations and future research needs are discussed.
Modeling and Solving the Three Seaside Operational Problems Using an Object-Oriented and Timed Predicate/Transition Net
Authors: Hsu Hsien-Pin , Wang Chia-Nan , Chou Chien-Chang , Lee Ying , Wen Yuan-Feng
Published: February 2017

Container terminals (CTs) play an essential role in the global transportation system. To deal with growing container shipments, a CT needs to better solve the three essential seaside operational problems; berth allocation problem (BAP), quay crane assignment problem (QCAP), and quay crane scheduling problem (QCSP), which affect the performance of a CT considerably. In past studies, the three seaside operational problems have often been solved individually or partially, which is likely to result in poor overall system performance. However, solving the three seaside operational problems simultaneously is in fact a very complicated task. In this research, we dealt with the three seaside operational problems at the same time by using a novel high-level Petri net, termed an Object-Oriented and Timed Predicate/Transition Net (OOTPr/Tr net). After defining the three seaside operational problems formally, we integrated them as a three-level framework that was further transformed into an OOTPr/Tr net model. Then, using the Prolog programming language, we implemented this model as a simulation tool to find the best solution based on the various combinations of heuristic rules used.
Morphology, Composition, and Mixing State of Individual Aerosol Particles in Northeast China during Wintertime
Authors: Xu Liang , Liu Lei , Zhang Jian , Zhang Yinxiao , Ren Yong , Wang Xin , Li Weijun
Published: February 2017

Northeast China is located in a high latitude area of the world and undergoes a cold season that lasts six months each year. Recently, regional haze episodes with high concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5) have frequently been occurring in Northeast China during the heating period, but little information has been available. Aerosol particles were collected in winter at a site in a suburban county town (T1) and a site in a background rural area (T2). Morphology, size, elemental composition, and mixing state of individual aerosol particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Aerosol particles were mainly composed of organic matter (OM) and S-rich and certain amounts of soot and K-rich. OM represented the most abundant particles, accounting for 60.7% and 53.5% at the T1 and T2 sites, respectively. Abundant spherical OM particles were likely emitted directly from coal-burning stoves. Soot decreased from 16.9% at the T1 site to 4.6% at the T2 site and sulfate particles decrease from 35.9% at the T2 site to 15.7% at the T1 site, suggesting that long-range transport air masses experienced more aging processes and produced more secondary particles. Based on our investigations, we proposed that emissions from coal-burning stoves in most rural areas of the west part of Northeast China can induce regional haze episodes.
Landsat-Based Land Cover Change in the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Urban Agglomeration in 1990, 2000 and 2010
Authors: Yang Aqiang , Sun Guoqing
Published: February 2017

Rapid urbanization dramatically changes the local environment. A hybrid classification method is designed and applied to multi-temporal Landsat images and ancillary data to obtain land cover change datasets. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier is used to classify multi-temporal Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) images that were collected in 2000 at the pixel level. These images are also segmented with the mean shift method. The impervious surface is refined based on a combination of the segmented objects and the SVM classification results. The changed areas in 1990 and 2010 are determined by comparing the Thematic Mapper (TM) and ETM+ images via the re-weighted multivariate alteration detection transformation method. The TM images that were masked as changed areas in 1990 and 2000 are input into the SVM classifier. Land cover maps for 1990 and 2010 are produced by combining the unchanged area in 2000 with the new classes of the changed areas in 1990 and 2010. Land cover change has continuously accelerated since 1990. Remarkably, arable land decreased, while the impervious surface area significantly increased.
An Exploratory Study Investigating Gender Effects on Using 3D Maps for Spatial Orientation in Wayfinding
Authors: Liao Hua , Dong Weihua
Published: February 2017

3D representations in applications that provide self-localization and orientation in wayfinding have become increasingly popular in recent years because of technical advances in the field. However, human factors have been largely ignored while designing 3D representations in support of pedestrian navigation. This exploratory study aims to explore gender effects on using 3D maps for spatial orientation. We designed a 3D map that combines salient 3D landmarks and 2D layouts, and evaluated gender differences in their performance during direction-pointing tasks by administrating an eye tracking experiment. The results indicate there was no significant overall gender difference on performance and visual attention. However, we observed that males using the 3D map paid more attention to landmarks in the environment and performed better than when using the conventional 2D map, whereas female performance did not show any significant difference between the two types of map usage. We also observed contrary gender differences in visual attention on landmarks between the 3D and 2D maps. While males fixated longer on landmarks than females when using the 3D map, females paid more visual attention to landmarks than males when using the 2D map. In addition, verbal protocols showed that males had more confidence while make decisions. These empirical results can be helpful in the design of map-based wayfinding enhancement tools.
Crowdsourcing User-Generated Mobile Sensor Weather Data for Densifying Static Geosensor Networks
Authors: Sosko Shay , Dalyot Sagi
Published: February 2017

Static geosensor networks are comprised of stations with sensor devices providing data relevant for monitoring environmental phenomena in their geographic perimeter. Although early warning systems for disaster management rely on data retrieved from these networks, some limitations exist, largely in terms of insufficient coverage and low density. Crowdsourcing user-generated data is emerging as a working methodology for retrieving real-time data in disaster situations, reducing the aforementioned limitations, and augmenting with real-time data generated voluntarily by nearby citizens. This paper explores the use of crowdsourced user-generated sensor weather data from mobile devices for the creation of a unified and densified geosensor network. Different scenario experiments are adapted, in which weather data are collected using smartphone sensors, integrated with the development of a stabilization algorithm, for determining the user-generated weather data reliability and usability. Showcasing this methodology on a large data volume, a spatiotemporal algorithm was developed for filtering on-line user-generated weather data retrieved from WeatherSignal, and used for simulation and assessment of densifying the static geosensor weather network of Israel. Geostatistical results obtained proved that, although user-generated weather data show small discrepancies when compared to authoritative data, with considerations they can be used alongside authoritative data, producing a densified and augmented weather map that is detailed and continuous.
SiO2/ZnO Composite Hollow Sub-Micron Fibers: Fabrication from Facile Single Capillary Electrospinning and Their Photoluminescence Properties
Authors: Song Guanying , Li Zhenjiang , Li Kaihua , Zhang Lina , Meng Alan
Published: February 2017

In this work, SiO2/ZnO composite hollow sub-micron fibers were fabricated by a facile single capillary electrospinning technique followed by calcination, using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ZnO nanoparticles as raw materials. The characterization results of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra indicated that the asprepared composite hollow fibers consisted of amorphous SiO2 and hexagonal wurtzite ZnO. The products revealed uniform tubular structure with outer diameters of 400–500 nm and wall thickness of 50–60 nm. The gases generated and the directional escaped mechanism was proposed to illustrate the formation of SiO2/ZnO composite hollow sub-micron fibers. Furthermore, a broad blue emission band was observed in the photoluminescence (PL) of SiO2/ZnO composite hollow sub-micron fibers, exhibiting great potential applications as blue light-emitting candidate materials.
Living Joyfully after Losing Social Hope: Kierkegaard and Chrétien on Selfhood and Eschatological Expectation
Authors: Simmons J.
Published: February 2017

In this essay, I offer an existential-phenomenological consideration of what it might look like to live joyfully after losing social hope. Using the example of the widespread hopelessness that many are feeling in light of the election of Donald Trump, I suggest that the danger of losing hope is that we can also lose our selfhood in the process. In order to develop a conception of “eschatological hope” that would be resistant to the loss of such social and political expectations, I draw specifically on Søren Kierkegaard’s notion that “the expectancy of faith is victory,” and Jean-Louis Chrétien’s idea of “the unhoped for,” in order to develop a model of hope that remains when it seems like all other hope has been lost. Rather than being overcome by anxiety about the future, eschatological hope fosters joy in the present.
Structuring Tensions and Key Relations of Montreal Seasonal Food Markets in the Sustainability Transition of the Agri-Food Sector
Authors: Audet René , Lefèvre Sylvain , Brisebois Éliane , El-Jed Mahdiah
Published: February 2017

In cities across the world, local food networks aim to make food systems more sustainable and secure for all. As part of that effort, some of these networks also seek to introduce social innovation in the mode of selling food, namely as a way to initiate a broader transition of the sector. Based on two years of action research conducted together with promoters of Montreal’s seasonal markets, this article offers an account of the co-constructed narrative of a transition of the agri-food sector. On the one hand, transition theory anticipates that the transition to sustainability of the agri-food sector would depend on the protection and empowerment of innovative ‘niches’ that are facing the locked-in structure of the agri-food ‘sociotechnical regime’. Yet, on the other hand, the seasonal markets do not fit well in this portrait: they are shown to evolve at the intersection of the sociotechnical regime and innovative niches. For this reason, they are subject to regime rules and become difficult to protect as an entity. As such, seasonal markets face ‘structuring tensions’ that generate both practical dilemmas and innovative solutions in their modes of organization. These solutions, however, rely on webs of resources and supports that constitute ‘key relations’ for unlocking the agri-food regime rules. It is through managing these tensions and relations that the seasonal markets end up reconfiguring social and material relations and providing solutions for food security and a more sustainable food system. Therefore, we argue that the structuring tension and key relation concepts are useful for understanding the dynamics of social innovation in the transition to sustainability in food systems.
Visions and Expectations for the Norwegian Bioeconomy
Authors: Hansen Lillian , Bjørkhaug Hilde
Published: February 2017

Developing a future bioeconomy has become critical for three main reasons: (1) The need for sustainability of resource use; (2) The growing demand for both food and energy; and (3) The need to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation. As Zilberman observes, a transition to bioeconomy “is a continuing evolutionary process of transition from systems of mining non-renewable resources to farming renewable ones”. Hence, to meet the challenges created by a growing dependence on non-renewable resources, radical changes are needed that involve more than development of or changes within the individual bio-based sectors. In line with emerging attention to the bioeconomy in Europe and elsewhere, great expectations towards the bioeconomy have been launched in high level industry and policy fora, as well as in resource-based economies such as Norway's. Grounded in theories of transition and transition management, this paper discusses the Norwegian biosector's expectations regarding a bioeconomy. Analyses are based on empirical survey data from biosector representatives. Findings suggest that there are clear differences between sectors in motivation for a future bioeconomy. A transition into a complete bioeconomy will demand a system shift and more cross-sectoral integration between these regimes than currently exists.
Les corpus numismatiques et l’historien
Authors: Callu Jean-Pierre
Published: February 2017

This paper focuses on recent research on the mint of Lyon in the early Principate. After reassessing what is known about the opening of the mint, we list the various issues that can be ascribed to Lyon under Augustus and sum up major developments on specific topics (typology, hoard studies, minting programs).
Les argentei émis à Trèves et à Lyon entre juillet et décembre 307 apr. J.-C. : particularités et énigmes
Authors: Gautier Georges
Published: February 2017

La collecte d’une large documentation permet à l’auteur d’établir un corpus des argentei frappés à Trèves et à Lyon entre juillet et décembre 307 apr. J.-C. La présence de particularités architecturales et de représentations astrales au revers de bon nombre de ces monnaies est étudiée ici de manière synthétique pour la première fois. Plusieurs interprétations sont avancées à ce sujet pour expliquer un tel phénomène.