bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What is the humanistic and ethical value of the “logic of gift” in business relationships? A conceptual approach
Authors: Melé Domènec
Published: July 2024

One conventional view of businesses is to reduce them to mere performers of economic transactions in an exercise of exchange based on the “logic of self‐interest,” and under the criterion do ut des, meaning “I give in order that you may give.” Drawing from personalist philosophy, this article argues that financial and organizational interactions are encounters, relations between persons, not mere economic transactions. Furthermore, people involved in business have the capacity to establish relations of gratuity with others under the criterion do propter alterum, that is, “give to the other as another,” without expecting a return. This criterion is at the core of the “logic of gift.” We argue that giving authentic gifts is intrinsically good, since it contributes to the human flourishing of those who practice this behavior. Implementing the “logic of gift” is also beneficial for the company because it contributes to humanizing the company. In addition, applying the logic of gift will probably bring about trust and social cohesion between people, with positive consequences for business performance, which is consistent with previous findings.
Unlocking narratives: Longitudinal associations between theory of mind and reading comprehension
Authors: Osterhaus Christopher , Lecce Serena , Koerber Susanne
Published: July 2024

This study explores the longitudinal association between Theory of Mind (ToM) and reading comprehension (RC) in middle childhood, focusing on three advanced ToM (AToM) components: social reasoning, reasoning about ambiguity and recognition of social norm transgressions. Over the course of a year, 112 nine‐year‐olds (61 girls, 51 boys; Mage = 9; 0 years, ±4 months at wave 1) were followed from Grade 3 to Grade 4 and assessed for AToM predictors of Grade‐4 RC. Findings show that only social reasoning predicts RC, independent of general intelligence and prior RC performance. In turn, RC did not predict any AToM component. These findings contribute to understanding cognitive development in educational contexts, emphasizing the significance of AToM, particularly social reasoning, in RC.
Exposure to obinutuzumab does not affect outcomes of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in vaccinated patients with newly diagnosed advanced‐stage follicular lymphoma
Authors: Pinto A. , Caltagirone M. , Battista M. , Gazzoli G. C. , Patti C. , Pennese E. , De Lorenzo S. , Pavone V. , Merli M. , Chiarenza A. , Gorgone A. G. , Piazza F. , Puccini B. , Noto A. , Arcaini L. , De Filippi R. , Zinzani P. L. , Ferreri A. J. M. , Ladetto M. , Ferrari S. , Gritti G.
Published: July 2024

URBAN is a multicentric, ambispective study evaluating the effectiveness and safety of obinutuzumab‐based immuno‐chemotherapy and maintenance in patients with untreated advanced follicular lymphoma (FL). The study began before the COVID‐19 emergency declaration in Italy. It is currently ongoing for follow‐up, and the enrolment timeline encompassed different stages of the pandemic, various vaccination roll‐out phases and prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. Outcomes of interest of the present sub‐analysis included SARS‐CoV‐2 infection rates and COVID‐19‐related hospitalizations/deaths. At data cut‐off, 86 (28.8%) and 213 patients (71.2%) were treated before and during/after the COVID‐19 outbreak respectively; 294 (98.3%) completed the induction, 31 (10.4%) completed maintenance and 170 (56.9%) were still on maintenance. Overall, 245 patients (81.9%) received at least one SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine dose: 13.5%, 31.4% and 55.1% received one, two and three doses respectively. We observed a substantial decrease in COVID‐19‐related mortality rates in pre‐ versus post‐vaccination phases, along with a reduction in COVID‐19‐related outcomes due to the shift from alpha/delta to omicron variant predominance. No differences emerged between patients given maintenance or not, although the schedule was modified in 65% of cases. To our knowledge, URBAN represents the largest dataset of COVID‐19‐related outcomes in FL patients extensively exposed to obinutuzumab. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04034056.
China's declining business dynamism
Authors: Cerdeiro Diego A. , Ruane Cian
Published: July 2024

We document five novel facts about the dynamism of Chinese manufacturing firms between 2003 and 2018. We show that: (i) the revenue and capital shares of young firms have declined, (ii) life‐cycle growth of firm revenues and assets has declined, (iii) life‐cycle growth of process efficiency / product quality and investment in intangibles has declined (iv) younger firms have higher capital productivity than older firms, with the gap increasing over time, and (v) the dispersion of capital growth and the responsiveness of capital growth to capital productivity have both declined. Using a simple model, we estimate that the lower life‐cycle productivity growth of young firms reduces manufacturing productivity growth by 0.8 percentage points annually, and worsening allocative efficiency of capital between young and old firms reduced manufacturing total factor productivity by 1.25% between the early 2000s and late 2010s. We find that business dynamism is weaker in provinces where state‐owned enterprises account for a larger share of the capital stock.
Plasma cell‐free DNA methylome‐based liquid biopsy for accurate gastric cancer detection
Authors: Qi Jian , Hong Bo , Wang Shujie , Wang Jingyun , Fang Jinman , Sun Ruifang , Nie Jinfu , Wang Hongzhi
Published: July 2024

Early detection plays a critical role in mitigating mortality rates linked to gastric cancer. However, current clinical screening methods exhibit suboptimal efficacy. Methylation alterations identified from cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) present a promising biomarker for early cancer detection. Our study focused on identifying gastric cancer‐specific markers from cfDNA methylation to facilitate early detection. We enrolled 150 gastric cancer patients and 100 healthy controls in this study, and undertook genome‐wide methylation profiling of cfDNA using cell‐free methylated DNA immunoprecipitation and high‐throughput sequencing. We identified 21 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between the gastric tumor and nontumor groups using multiple algorithms. Subsequently, using the 21 DMRs, we developed a gastric cancer detection model by random forest algorithm in the discovery set, and validated the model in an independent set. The model was able to accurately discriminate gastric cancer with a sensitivity and specificity of 93.90% and 95.15% in the discovery set, respectively, and 88.38% and 94.23% in the validation set, respectively. These results underscore the efficacy and accuracy of cfDNA‐derived methylation markers in distinguishing early stage gastric cancer. This study highlighted the significance of cfDNA methylation alterations in early gastric cancer detection.
Bone volume and height changes for lateral window sinus floor elevation using two types of deproteinized bovine bone mineral: A retrospective cohort study of 1–4 years
Authors: Xiao Pei , Chen Cong , Shen Xiaoting , Xu Antian , Sharaf Mufeed Ahmed , Lu Hongye , He Fuming
Published: July 2024

Objective

To compare bone volume and height changes of two types of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) for lateral window sinus floor elevation (LSFE) with simultaneous implant placement.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective cohort study involved 72 patients who underwent LSFE using low‐temperature sintered cancellous bone‐derived DBBM (C‐DBBM) or high‐temperature two‐step sintered epiphyseal‐derived DBBM (E‐DBBM). Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) was acquired preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, 6 months and 1–4 years post‐surgery. Bone volume (BV), apical bone height (ABH), endo‐sinus bone gain (ESBG), and crestal bone level (CBL) were evaluated through three‐dimensional fitting and superimposition. Linear mixed models (LMM) were employed to analyze factors influencing the reduction of BV (ΔBV) and ESBG (ΔESBG).

Results

The E‐DBBM group showed no significant change in BV 1–4 years post‐surgery, while the C‐DBBM group demonstrated a significant reduction (p = .006) with volume stability of 85.86%. Bone height in the E‐DBBM group increased at 6 months and subsequently decreased at 1–4 years (p = .003). In the C‐DBBM group, it decreased at 6 months (p = .014), then further decreased at 1–4 years (p = .001). ΔESBG was lower in the E‐DBBM group than the C‐DBBM group from immediate postoperative to 1–4 years (p = .009). LMM showed graft material type was the primary factor influencing ΔBV (p = .026) and ΔESBG (p = .003).

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this study, both types of DBBM could achieve favorable clinical outcomes. E‐DBBM demonstrated enhanced stability in maintaining bone volume and height.
Countering stereotypes: Exploring the characteristics of Aboriginal Australians who do not drink alcohol in a community representative sample
Authors: Conigrave James H. , Wilson Scott , Conigrave Katherine M. , Perry Jimmy , Hayman Noel , Chikritzhs Tanya N. , Wilson Dan , Zheng Catherine , Weatherall Teagan J. , Lee K. S. Kylie
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Contrary to stereotypes, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are more likely to abstain from drinking than other Australians. We explored characteristics and experiences of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians who do not drink alcohol.

Method

We conducted a cross‐sectional, representative survey of 775 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians (16+ years) in remote and urban South Australia. We explore correlates of not drinking alcohol using multi‐level logistic regression. We describe reasons for non‐drinking and harms participants experienced in past 12 months from others' drinking.

Results

Non‐drinking participants were more likely to be older (OR 1.35 [95% CI 1.21, 1.50] per decade) and unemployed (OR 2.72 [95% CI 1.77, 4.20]). Participants who spoke Aboriginal Australian languages at home were three times more likely to be lifetime abstainers from drinking (OR 3.07 [95% CI 1.52, 6.21]). Common reasons for not drinking alcohol were health and family. Most did not report harms from others' alcohol consumption (79.6%, 76.9%, urban and remote respectively). Stress from others' alcohol consumption was the most reported harm by non‐drinkers (14.5% and 23.1%, urban and remote, respectively).

Discussion and Conclusions

Culture such as speaking Aboriginal Australian languages might have protective effects that promote abstaining but was rarely explicitly cited as a reason for not drinking. A greater understanding of local values held by people who do not drink alcohol could help inform health messaging and other interventions to reduce alcohol‐related harms. Understanding local reasons for abstaining can help tailor health messaging to suit local contexts.
Echocardiographic evaluation of left atrial volume and comparative analysis to left atrial to aortic root ratio in premature neonates and infants with patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Karimi Malika R. , Bischoff Adrianne R. , Riley Emily , Zerwic Luke , McNamara Patrick J. , Hyland Rachael M. , Ashwath Ravi
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Left atrium to aortic root ratio (LA/Ao) is an echocardiographic marker of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Since 2‐dimensional measurement of the ratio is geometrically limited, left atrial volume (LAV) which has 3‐dimensional characteristics was investigated. The aim of this study was to determine a correlation between LA/Ao ratio and LAV as well as holodiastolic flow reversal in preterm neonates with and without a PDA.

Methods

A retrospective evaluation of neonates with and without PDA was performed. Targeted neonatal echocardiography evaluation of LA/Ao and LAV was measured from parasternal long‐axis view and the apical 4 and 2‐chamber views, respectively. Univariate and linear regression analysis were performed.

Results

200 patients were included of whom 158 (79.0%) had a PDA shunt. The median gestational age at the time of echo was 27.4 weeks (IQR: 25.7–29.4 weeks). The median LA/Ao ratio was 1.51 (IQR: 1.26–1.83) and median LAV indexed to weight was  .91 mL/kg (IQR: .65–1.18 mL/kg). There was a significant correlation between LA/Ao and LAV indexed to weight in the PDA group (r2 = .080, p = .0003). LA/Ao ratio and LAV indexed to weight differed significantly between those with diastolic flow reversal versus no‐flow reversal (LA/Ao, p = .003; LAV, p = .001).

Conclusions

This study demonstrated a significant correlation between LA/Ao and LAV in preterm infants with PDA, with greater magnitude of discordance for LAV. The power of LAV versus LA/Ao in monitoring hemodynamically significant PDA requires prospective evaluation.
Are bodybuilding and cross‐training practices dangerous for promoting orofacial injuries? A scoping review
Authors: de Bessa Mariana Silva , Jácome Erik Vinícius Martins , Tanus Caio Resdem Barroca , Torres Ana Clara Soares Paiva , Borges Boniek Castillo Dutra
Published: July 2024

Bodybuilding and cross‐training exercises bring health benefits. However, orofacial injuries can occur during practice. This study aimed to map, analyze, interpret, and synthesize data from studies on the main orofacial injuries resulting from bodybuilding and cross‐training practices. This scoping review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA‐ScR methods, with high‐sensitivity searches in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase, Virtual Health Library and the Google Scholar. Original scientific articles published up to May 2024 were included, which evaluated the presence of self‐reported or professionally diagnosed orofacial injuries by bodybuilding and cross‐training practitioners aged 18 years or older. Literature reviews, editorials, and guidelines were excluded. Tables and figures were used to map and summarize the results. Out of 30.485 potentially eligible articles, four were included. The main orofacial injuries identified in both bodybuilding and cross‐training practitioners were dental damage (n = 4), temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (n = 3), and traumas to oral soft tissues (n = 2) and facial soft tissues (n = 2). Dental damage and TMJ disorders were the most prevalent conditions among bodybuilding and cross‐training practitioners. Therefore, dental damage and TMJ disorders were the most prevalent conditions among bodybuilding and cross‐training practitioners. However, further prospective studies with more in‐depth methodological designs and fewer biases are necessary.
Piercing through the haze: Did PPP increase versus decrease bank efficiency?
Authors: Berger Allen N. , Ortega Cristina , Roman Raluca A.
Published: July 2024

We study profit and cost efficiency effects of the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) for US banks that disbursed the funds. Using bank‐level data combined with PPP bailout data and instrumental variables and other techniques for identification, our findings suggest that more intense PPP lending boosted bank profit efficiency but decreased cost efficiency. We uncover channels for profit efficiency improvements through higher revenues from core deposits and lending, and a labour‐related channel for the decline in bank cost efficiency from hiring more employees and significantly increasing compensation expenses. Findings are robust to many checks and may have important implications for bank management and future government bailout policy design.
Parameter ESTimation With the Gauss–Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm: An Intuitive Guide
Authors: Fienen Michael N. , White Jeremy T. , Hayek Mohamed
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we review the derivation of the Gauss–Levenberg–Marquardt (GLM) algorithm and its extension to ensemble parameter estimation. We explore the use of graphical methods to provide insights into how the algorithm works in practice and discuss the implications of both algorithm tuning parameters and objective function construction in performance. Some insights include understanding the control of both parameter trajectory and step size for GLM as a function of tuning parameters. Furthermore, for the iterative Ensemble Smoother (iES), we discuss the importance of noise on observations and show how iES can cope with non‐unique outcomes based on objective function construction. These insights are valuable for modelers using PEST, PEST++, or similar parameter estimation tools.
THE EYE AND THE MIND: MARY CHEVES WEST PERKY, IMAGINATIVE PHENOMENOLOGY, AND THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF REVERSE HALLUCINATION
Authors: BURNETT D. GRAHAM
Published: July 2024

Revisiting the remarkable experimental work of the pioneering early twentieth‐century psychologist Mary Cheves West Perky (1875–1940), this article argues for the historiographical significance of her counterintuitive findings concerning the human imagination and the phenomenon of “reverse hallucination.” By means of an exhaustive and forensic archival inquiry, this article reconstructs Perky's heretofore (essentially) unknown biography, providing new insights into the context and broader importance of her research, both with respect to the history of the human sciences and in relation to the history of American artistic modernism. At the same time, these pages recursively deploy her distinctive perspective on the way the perceptual experiences of reality inosculate with projective fantasy, activating her findings as a component of a nontraditional disciplinary practice.
Estimating the amount of uplift from the current elevation of strata at the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum: A case study of Kibi Plateau in Southwest Japan
Authors: Otofuji Yo‐ichiro
Published: July 2024

The Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO) formed shallow marine strata on continents and island arcs at ~15 Ma, and some of the MMCO strata later experienced uplift. The amount of uplift corresponded to sea level rise after the MMCO period, but ancient sea level could not be observed. This study uses a deductive approach to estimate the amount of uplift. The elevation of the youngest marine sedimentary layer of the MMCO strata approximates the sea level at the MMCO. The current elevation was reconstructed by adding the amount of denudation from the MMCO to the current elevation of the denuded MMCO strata at the outcrops, considering isostatic compensation. The amount of denudation since the MMCO period was estimated to be 180 m based on the global average denudation rate (Willenbring et al., 2013), and the estimated isostatic rebound was 153 m. By comparing the current, albeit virtual, elevation of the youngest marine sedimentary layer in the MMCO strata with sea level at the MMCO, the amount of uplift was estimated. For the MMCO sea level, a 66 m ice‐free line was adopted. This method was applied to the Kibi Plateau in Southwest Japan, where the MMCO strata are distributed. The reliability of the denudation amount of 180 m for the MMCO strata was confirmed by paleo‐water depths estimated using benthic foraminifera and mollusk fossils. The largest uplift of 504 ± 27 m occurred at the Jinseki‐Kogen since 15 Ma. A positive correlation was observed between the amount of uplift and the current altitude of the Kibi Plateau. The Kibi Plateau's topography most likely evolved after the MMCO. It is concluded that a new perspective on estimating the uplift was obtained by taking denudation into account.
Sea/coral sand in marine engineered geopolymer composites: Engineering, mechanical, and microstructure properties
Authors: Fan Xiaochun , Zhu Jiakun , Gao Xu
Published: July 2024

Utilizing marine waste and resources for eco‐friendly building materials is pivotal in promoting sustainable development in island and coastal construction industries. Among the potential alternatives, coral sand as well as sea sand stands out as a promising material. This research seeks to explore the potential of coral/sea sand as a fine aggregate in the creation of environmentally sustainable marine engineered geopolymer composites. An assessment was conducted on the influence of varying proportions of coral sand, meant as a substitute for sea sand, on the flowability, drying shrinkage, mechanical properties, and microstructure of the marine engineered geopolymer composites. The findings indicate that as coral sand replaces sea sand, flowability and drying shrinkage decrease, while compressive strength experiences an initial rise followed by a decline. Encouragingly, a combination of coral and sea sands enhances tensile ductility. Overall, a 20 wt.% coral sand mixture yields optimal results, with the compressive strength is 54.4 Mpa and the tensile strain capacity is 2.397% after 28 days. Moreover, microscopic tests reveal changes in hydration products and pore structure. Our research delves into the potential of coral/sea sand as a fine aggregate in the creation of environmentally sustainable marine engineered geopolymer composites.
Starch‐based and green tea extract films: characterisation and evaluation of the shelf life of interleaved sliced calabrese sausage
Authors: Hamann Daniele , Zick Marina , Peruzzolo Marcieli , Puton Bruna Maria Saorin , Colet Rosicler , Paroul Natalia , Valduga Eunice , Zeni Jamile , Moreira Francys Kley Vieira , Steffens Clarice , Junges Alexander , Toniazzo Backes Geciane , Cansian Rogério Luis
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to develop and characterise cassava starch‐based films incorporating green tea extract and to assess the antioxidant effectiveness of these edible films against oxidative degradation in sliced calabrese sausage. The films were formulated with 3.5% starch (w/v) and 35% glycerol (w/w), with the addition of commercial green tea extract at concentrations of 1.0%, 2.5%, and 5.0% (w/v of film‐forming solution). The formulations with extract showed significantly higher per cent elongation at break compared to the control (without extract) (P < 0.05), with higher tensile strength observed in the film with 1.0% extract. The best results in antioxidant activity kinetics with IC50 values between 0.012 and 0.14 mg mL−1 over 60 days were obtained with 1% of the extract. The cassava starch film with 1.0% extract inhibited the lipid oxidation of calabrese sausage for 18 days. The presence of 1.0% extract in the film reduces lipid oxidation in calabrese sausage without sensorial alteration, extending shelf life and suggesting it as an alternative to conventional plastics.
Effects of lysosomal Fe2+ on mitochondria apoptosis and muscle tenderness in postmortem Tibetan sheep meat
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Han Jinhua , Zhao Ruina , Yu Qunli , Chen Cheng , Guo Zhaobin , Wen Jingtao , Fan Guozhong , Shi Xixiong
Published: July 2024

In this work, deferoxamine (DFO) was injected into Tibetan sheep meat (distilled water as control) to reveal the effects of lysosomal Fe2+ on mitochondrial apoptosis and muscle tenderness. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, lysosomal membrane stability, cathepsins activity, mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (MPTP), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytochrome c (Cyt‐c) reduction level, caspase activity, myofibril fragmentation index (MFI) and shear force of Oula Tibetan sheep meat were measured at different ageing times. The results indicated that the ROS content, cathepsins activity, MPTP opening degree, lysosomal membrane stability, caspase‐3/9 activity and MFI of Tibetan sheep meat were significantly decreased after DFO treatment, whilst MMP, shear force and Cyt‐c reduction levels were noticeably increased. Furthermore, correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that mitochondrial damage was positively correlated with meat tenderness. In sum, the study suggests that lysosomal Fe2+ may promote mitochondrial apoptosis and improve the tenderness of Tibetan sheep meat.
Whence and wherefore IgE?
Authors: Rahman Rifat S. , Wesemann Duane R.
Published: July 2024

Despite the near ubiquitous presence of Ig‐based antibodies in vertebrates, IgE is unique to mammals. How and why it emerged remains mysterious. IgE expression is greatly constrained compared to other IgH isotypes. While other IgH isotypes are relatively abundant, soluble IgE has a truncated half‐life, and IgE plasma cells are mostly short‐lived. Despite its rarity, IgE is consequential and can trigger life‐threatening anaphylaxis. IgE production reflects a dynamic steady state with IgG memory B cells feeding short‐lived IgE production. Emerging evidence suggests that IgE may also potentially be produced in longer‐lived plasma cells as well, perhaps as an aberrancy stemming from its evolutionary roots from an antibody isotype that likely functioned more like IgG. As a late derivative of an ancient systemic antibody system, the benefits of IgE in mammals likely stems from the antibody system's adaptive recognition and response capability. However, the tendency for massive, systemic, and long‐lived production, common to IgH isotypes like IgG, were likely not a good fit for IgE. The evolutionary derivation of IgE from an antibody system that for millions of years was good at antigen de‐sensitization to now functioning as a highly specialized antigen‐sensitization function required heavy restrictions on antibody production—insufficiency of which may contribute to allergic disease.
Radio frequency‐assisted zirconium carbide matrix deposition for continuous fiber‐reinforced ultra high temperature ceramic matrix composites
Authors: Murthy Tammana S. R. C. , Zou Ji , Venkatachalam V. , Biroju Ravi K. , Theis Wolfgang , Binner Jon
Published: July 2024

Zirconium carbide (ZrC) is considered to be a potential candidate for ultra high temperature applications due to its high melting point, good chemical inertness, and ablation resistance, but the monolithic form suffers from low fracture toughness and hence poor thermal shock resistance. Reinforcing it using continuous carbon fibers (Cf) to create an ultra high temperature ceramic matrix composite is an obvious solution, however densifying ZrC requires the use of very high temperatures combined with significant pressure, such as obtained by using hot pressing or spark plasma sintering, which risks damaging fibers. In the present work, radio frequency‐assisted chemical vapor infiltration (RF‐CVI) has been investigated with a view to forming Cf/ZrC composites. These initial experiments revealed the ability to deposit pure, nano‐grained, and near stoichiometric ZrC with deposition occurring preferentially from the center of the sample due to the nature of the inverse temperature profile developed. The deposited ZrC grains were in the range of 4–9 nm in size and had a lattice parameter of 0.4750 nm. The work also showed that the use of RF‐CVI enabled the minimization of early pore sealing, a common problem for conventional CVI.
Comprehensive analysis: Exploring quaternary Heusler alloys CoFeXGe (X = Hf and Ta) through first‐principles calculations
Authors: Khadhraoui Zakaria , Amara Seif Eddine , Behlali Ahmed Yasser , Kheribot Hemza , Makhlouf Sabir , Labidi Salima , Amara Abdelaziz
Published: July 2024

The research focused on the quaternary Heusler alloys CoFeXGe (with X being Hf or Ta) using a first principles approach via density functional theory and the Wien2k code. The alloys demonstrated a stable ferromagnetic ground state and exhibited negative formation energies, suggesting their experimental synthesis feasibility. Investigation of the electronic properties revealed that both materials are half‐metallic ferromagnets. The calculated indirect band gaps of CoFeHfGe and CoFeTaGe are 1.46 and 0.77 eV, respectively. The mechanical stability of the materials was confirmed through elastic constants analysis. To gain insights into the materials optical behavior and their potential applications in photonics and related fields, correlation of interband optical transitions with electronic band structure was carried out. Finally, Boltzmann transport theory was utilized to evaluate the thermoelectric potential of these alloys over a temperature range extending from 100 to 1000 K.
Effect of Au ion irradiation on microstructure, mechanical, and lead‐bismuth eutectic corrosion properties of Cr/ZrO2 coatings
Authors: Zhu Changda , Zhou Yi , Qiu Xi , Zhou Mingyang , Yang Jijun
Published: July 2024

The effect of ion irradiation on the microstructure, mechanical, and corrosion properties of Cr/ZrO2 coating was investigated. The monoclinic to tetragonal phase transition is observed under heavy ion irradiation, and the tetragonal phase is stabilized by the irradiation‐induced defect clusters. With increasing irradiation fluence, grain growth, and irradiation‐induced hardening effects are observed. After lead‐bismuth eutectic (LBE) corrosion at 650°C for 1000 h, the irradiated coatings can still maintain structural integrity and protect the substrate from lead/bismuth corrosion. However, in contrast to the unirradiated coating, the irradiation‐induced defects provide a channel for the rapid inward diffusion of oxygen atoms from the LBE, leading to the formation of a thicker Cr‐rich oxide layer beneath the ZrO2 coating. This study also provides insight into how irradiation‐induced microstructural changes affect zirconia's properties as a corrosion protection layer.
The perceptions and experiences of community nurses and patients towards shared decision‐making in the home setting: An integrative review
Authors: Mills Katie , McGeagh Lucy , Waite Marion , Aveyard Helen
Published: July 2024

Aim

To explore patients' and community nurses' perceptions and experiences of shared decision‐making in the home.

Design

Integrative review.

Data Sources

CINAHL, British Nursing Index, Psycinfo, Medline and Social Services Abstracts were searched for qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods papers published between 1 December 2001 and 31 October 2023.

Review Methods

A systematic search of electronic databases was undertaken using defined inclusion criteria. The included papers were appraised for quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for qualitative research. Relevant data were extracted and thematically analysed.

Results

Fourteen papers comprising 13 research studies were included. Patients attached great importance to their right to be involved in decision‐making and noted feeling valued as a unique individual. Communication and trust between the patient and nurse were perceived as fundamental. However, shared decision‐making does not always occur in practice. Nurses described tension in managing patients' involvement in decision‐making.

Conclusion

The findings demonstrate that although patients and community nurses appreciate participating in shared decision‐making within the home, there are obstacles to achieving a collaborative process. This is especially relevant when there are fundamentally different perspectives on the decision being made. More research is needed to gain further understanding of how shared decision‐making plays out in practice and to understand the tensions that patients and nurses may experience.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

This paper argues that shared decision‐making is more than the development of a relationship where the patient can express their views (though of course, this is important). Shared decision‐making requires acknowledgement that the patient has the right to full information and should be empowered to choose between options. Nurses should not assume that shared decision‐making in community nursing is easy to facilitate and should recognize the tensions that might exist when true patient choice is enabled.

Impact

This paper demonstrates how the idea of shared decision‐making needs to be explored in the light of everyday practice so that challenges and barriers can be overcome. In particular, the tensions that arise when patients and nurses do not share the same perspective. This paper speaks to the potential of a gap surrounding shared decision‐making in theory and how it plays out in practice.

Reporting Method

The reporting of this review was guided by the 2020 guidelines for the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (Page et al., 2021).

Patient or Public Contribution

This review was carried out as part of a wider study for which service users have been consulted.
What do people with intellectual disabilities, their family members and paid carers understand about psychotropic medication? A rapid review
Authors: Cavanagh Dawn E. , Caton Sue , Rawles Jodie , Runswick‐Cole Katherine , Hatton Chris , Chauhan Umesh , Hutchinson Christine
Published: July 2024

Background

People with intellectual disabilities are more likely to be prescribed psychotropic medication than the general population and are frequently prescribed multiple medications. Understanding people with intellectual disabilities and carer perspectives is essential to improving the quality of psychotropic medication prescribing and usage.

Method

A rapid review explored people with intellectual disabilities' understanding of psychotropic medications, as well as family members and paid carers, and how this understanding can be improved.

Results

Twenty‐one journal articles were included. Lack of understanding of medication was universal, with participants often unaware of adverse effects, alternatives, and rights around medication. There was also a lack of involvement in decision making for all participants. Some interventions aimed at people with intellectual disabilities or paid carers helped to improve knowledge.

Conclusion

Evaluating how best to improve psychotropic medication understanding for people with intellectual disabilities, family members and paid carers should be a focus for future research.
The relationship between students' self‐regulated learning behaviours and problem‐solving efficiency in technology‐rich learning environments
Authors: Wang Tingting , Ruiz‐Segura Alejandra , Li Shan , Lajoie Susanne P.
Published: July 2024

Background

Scholars have confirmed the vital roles of self‐regulated learning (SRL) behaviours in predicting task performance, especially within non‐linear technology‐rich learning environments (TREs). However, few studies focused on the learning costs (e.g., study effort and time‐on‐task) related to SRL and the efficiency outcome of SRL (i.e., the relative relationship between learning costs and performance).

Objectives

This study examined the relationship between students' SRL behaviours and problem‐solving efficiency in the context of TREs.

Methods

Eighty‐two medical students accomplished a diagnostic task in a computer‐simulated environment, and they were classified into the efficient or less efficient group according to diagnostic performance and time‐on‐task. Then we coded students' SRL behaviours from trace data and counted the frequency of each SRL behaviour. The recurrence quantification and lag sequential analyses were performed to extract the dynamic characteristics of SRL behaviours, including recurrent patterns and sequential transitions.

Results and Conclusions

Efficient students conducted more frequent Self‐reflection behaviours than the less efficient. For the recurrent patterns, efficient students tended to exhibit longer SRL behaviour sequences comprising a variety of different SRL behaviours (e.g., Task Analysis > Add Test > Add Hypotheses > Categorise Evidence) as well as longer sequences of repeated SRL behaviours (e.g., Add Test > Add Test > Add Test > Add Test). Moreover, efficient students exhibited more sequential transitions between different SRL behaviours than less efficient.

Takeaways

Overall, this study revealed the effects of SRL on problem‐solving efficiency, which inspired researchers to incorporate problem‐solving efficiency as an evaluation criterion of SRL processes.
OxLDL as a prognostic biomarker of plaque instability in patients qualified for carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Woźniak Agnieszka , Satała Joanna , Gorzelak‐Pabiś Paulina , Pawlos Agnieszka , Broncel Marlena , Kaźmierski Piotr , Woźniak Ewelina
Published: July 2024

Atherosclerotic plaque instability increases the risk of stroke. As such, determining the nature of an instability atherosclerotic plaque may speed up qualification for carotid endarterectomy (CEA), thus reducing the risk of acute vascular events. The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic value of oxidized LDL cholesterol (ox‐LDL), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP‐9) and 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) in serum as a prognostic markers of instability atherosclerotic plaques. Serum was collected from 67 patients who underwent CEA in accordance with the qualification criteria. The levels of ox‐LDL, MMP‐9 and 8‐OHdG were assessed by ELISA. The predictive value of the markers was determined based on an ROC curve, and the cut‐off points with the highest sensitivity and specificity were determined. Patients with unstable atherosclerotic plaque had significantly higher serum ox‐LDL, MMP‐9 and 8‐OHdG values. It was found that in patients before CEA, ox‐LDL >31.4 ng/mL was associated with an 82.5% probability of unstable atherosclerotic plaque, MMP‐9 >113.1 ng/mL with 78.6%, and 8‐OHdG >2.15 ng/mL with 64.7%. Multivariate regression analysis found ox‐LDL to be an independent factor associated with plaque instability. Patients with unstable plaques tend to have higher serum levels of ox‐LDL, MMP‐9 and 8‐OHdG compared to those with stable plaques. The optimal cut‐off point for ox‐LDL (AUC 0.86, p <0.0001) was 31.14 ng/mL, with 91.18% sensitivity and 78.79% specificity. The high sensitivity and specificity of ox‐LDL suggests that it can be used as an independent marker of plaque instability.
Couple and family optimal experiences: Integrating flow theory into the relational sciences
Authors: Somjee Ali Asad
Published: July 2024

Shared experiences are a fundamental aspect of couple and family life that impact both individual well‐being and satisfaction with close relationships. Optimal experience, also known as flow, is the state of complete absorption and fulfillment experienced when engaged in an intrinsically rewarding activity. The interdisciplinary concept of flow provides a sound basis to explore optimal shared experiences. Research on flow experiences in couple and family contexts is limited, presenting a gap in the literature. This article outlines a research program integrating flow theory into the relational sciences along three lines of inquiry. First, couple/family flow requires a clear definition and theoretical framework by building upon previous scholarly work on social flow. Second, the impact of flow experiences on relational variables (e.g., relationship quality, interpersonal commitment, sexual satisfaction) requires investigation. Lastly, flow theory presents an opportunity to develop new interventions aimed at improving the experiences couples and families share together.
The actin motor protein OsMYA1 associates with OsExo70H1 and contributes to rice secretory defense by modulating OsSyp121 distribution
Authors: Li Yuan‐Bao , Liu Chengyu , Shen Ningning , Zhu Shuai , Deng Xianya , Liu Zixuan , Han Li‐Bo , Tang Dingzhong
Published: July 2024

Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) is a devastating hemibiotrophic pathogen. Its biotrophic invasive hyphae (IH) are enclosed in the extrainvasive hyphal membrane produced by plant cells, thus generating a front line of the battlefield between the pathogen and the host plants. In plants, defense‐related complexes such as proteins, callose‐rich materials and vesicles, are directionally secreted to this interface to confer defense responses, but the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we found that a Myosin gene, Myosin A1 (OsMYA1), contributed to rice defense. The OsMYA1 knockout mutant exhibited decreased resistance to M. oryzae infection. OsMYA1 localizes to the actin cytoskeleton and surrounds the IH of M. oryzae. OsMYA1 interacts with an exocyst subunit, OsExo70H1, and regulates its accumulation at the plasma membrane (PM) and pathogen–plant interface. Furthermore, OsExo70H1 interacted with the rice syntaxin of the plants121 protein (OsSyp121), and the distribution of OsSyp121 to the PM or the pathogen–plant interface was disrupted in both the OsMYA1 and OsExo70H1 mutants. Overall, these results not only reveal a new function of OsMYA1 in rice blast resistance, but also uncover a molecular mechanism by which plants regulate defense against M. oryzae by OsMYA1‐initiated vesicle secretory pathway, which originates from the actin cytoskeleton to the PM.
BBX9 forms feedback loops with PIFs and BBX21 to promote photomorphogenic development
Authors: Song Zhaoqing , Ye Wanying , Jiang Qing , Lin Huan , Hu Qing , Xiao Yuntao , Bian Yeting , Zhao Fengyue , Dong Jie , Xu Dongqing
Published: July 2024

Light is one of the most essential environmental factors that tightly and precisely control various physiological and developmental processes in plants. B‐box CONTAINING PROTEINs (BBXs) play central roles in the regulation of light‐dependent development. In this study, we report that BBX9 is a positive regulator of light signaling. BBX9 interacts with the red light photoreceptor PHYTOCHROME B (phyB) and transcription factors PHYTOCHROME‐INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs). phyB promotes the stabilization of BBX9 in light, while BBX9 inhibits the transcriptional activation activity of PIFs. In turn, PIFs directly bind to the promoter of BBX9 to repress its transcription. On the other hand, BBX9 associates with the positive regulator of light signaling, BBX21, and enhances its biochemical activity. BBX21 associates with the promoter regions of BBX9 and transcriptionally up‐regulates its expression. Collectively, this study unveiled that BBX9 forms a negative feedback loop with PIFs and a positive one with BBX21 to ensure that plants adapt to fluctuating light conditions.
Use of distinct projective techniques in investigating participants' perception of a clean label dairy product: A study on the presence of additives/stabilizers in Ultra high temperature processing milk's label in Brazil
Authors: de Alcântara Natália Emmerick , Tavares Filho Elson Rogério , Pimentel Tatiana Colombo , Pagani Mônica Marques , Mársico Eliane Teixeira , da Cruz Adriano Gomes , Esmerino Erick Almeida
Published: July 2024

Using an online questionnaire, the perception of additives/stabilizers in ultra‐high temperature (UHT) milk was investigated using different projective techniques. Clustering data on the Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) identified two groups of participants, Moderates and Judicious, with the latter assigning significantly higher agreement scores for all FCQ items. In the Word Association task, clean label UHT milk was more associated with “Nutrients and Constituents” by the Moderates and less by the Judicious, suggesting that for part of the interviewed participants, the absence of stabilizers increases the general quality of the product. In the Product Personality Profiling task, the same product was related to “young people” and a “balanced diet” by the Moderates. At the same time, the Judicious was designed for a stereotype of healthy living. Finally, the methodologies used provide valuable insights into the dairy sector, holistically highlighting the nuances in consumer preferences and expectations, offering a significant strategic opportunity for developing and promoting new clean‐label products in the segment.

Practical Application

Investigating consumer perceptions regarding the absence of additives offers valuable insights for marketing strategies and product development aimed at different consumer market segments, especially the dairy sector, and contributes to consumer psychology and behavioral research. At the same time, the food industry can use these findings to improve attribute communication, build consumer confidence, and adapt products to identified preferences, reflecting a practical intersection between academia and the industry.
Understanding food consumer behavior using projective methods and the big five personality traits model: The case of traditional Mexican cheeses
Authors: Rojas‐Rivas Edgar , Thomé‐Ortiz Humberto , Martínez‐García Carlos Galdino , Salgado‐Beltrán Lizbeth
Published: July 2024

This research aimed to use two projective methods and the Big Five Personality Traits (BFPT) model to study food consumer behavior in the case of traditional Mexican cheeses. Based on an online survey (n = 197), this study employs the Word Association and Mason‐Haire's Shopping List projective techniques with two shopping lists (traditional vs. supermarket). Several factors influencing consumers' perceptions of traditional cheeses were identified, such as hedonism, sensory characteristics, quality and freshness. The shopping list allowed the identification of factors related to food consumption and consumer personality traits. Conscientiousness and Neuroticism were associated with the profile of the consumer who purchases food in supermarkets. In contrast, the personalities of Agreeableness and Openness were associated with the profile of the consumer of traditional Mexican cheeses. The results of this research could be helpful in promoting and marketing traditional foods, considering consumers' personality traits.

Practical applications

This research identified consumer perceptions of traditional cheeses produced in the central region of Mexico and the personality traits associated with the consumer profile of these food products. The results can be of great use to the cheese‐producing agroindustry, considering that consumers are aware that by purchasing these products, they are contributing to the development and support of the local economy. Therefore, it is essential for producers and sellers to consider the attributes that consumers associate with traditional cheeses, such as artisanal and local characteristics, hedonic value, and consumers' personality traits.
Elevational shifts in tree community composition in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest related to climate change
Authors: Bergamin Rodrigo Scarton , Bastazini Vinicius Augusto Galvão , Esquivel‐Muelbert Adriane , Bordin Kauane Maiara , Klipel Joice , Debastiani Vanderlei Júlio , Vibrans Alexander Christian , Loyola Rafael , Müller Sandra Cristina
Published: July 2024

Question

Climate change induces shifts in species distributions, ultimately changing community composition. Mountains are especially sensitive to climate change, and tree species are predicted to move towards higher elevations, but observed changes are not always unidirectional. The diversity and complexity of tropical and subtropical systems limits our understanding of climate‐induced responses of subtropical mountain forests. Here, we investigated migration trends in tree community composition along an elevational gradient, and between the transition from lowland to montane forests in subtropical forests.

Location

Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Methods

We used thermal affiliations of 627 tree species to calculate community temperature scores (CTS) for different life‐history stages of trees in 96 permanent plots. We compared CTS of different life‐history stages across space and time.

Results

Most tree communities (58%) did not show a significant difference of CTS between life‐history stages, indicating a non‐migration trend. On the other hand, 27% of tree communities showed upward migration and 15% downward migration. Upward migration was more common in montane forests, and downward migration in lowland forests. Our temporal analysis shows significant changes in CTS values for juvenile communities with 0.36°C decrease in lowland forests and 0.34°C increase in montane forests.

Conclusions

Contrasting results between lowland and montane forest communities indicate that the transition zone influences migration patterns and may reflect differences in species’ thermal limitations, as well as by non‐thermal factors such as biotic interactions. Our findings provide the first evidence of climate change‐induced community shifts in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We demonstrated that upward migration trends were predominantly observed in montane–upper mountain forests, while downward migrations were noted in lowland–submontane forests. The thermophilization of montane forests may suggest an increased risk of reduction for cold‐demanding species under climate change scenarios.