bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Proportion of Foreign Players’ Appearances on the Success of Football Clubs in Domestic Competitions and European Competitions in the Context of New Culture
Authors: Varmus Michal , Kubina Milan , Adámik Roman
Published: December 2019

The policy of using foreign players and their impact on club success is still relevant and can be viewed from multiple angles. This article focuses on the impact of the proportion of foreign players’ appearances on the success of football clubs in their home leagues, as well as in European competitions. The research is focused on the most successful European clubs over the last ten years. A total of 19 European clubs were selected for research purposes, which resulted in 190 cases. Statistical tests, correlation, and regression analysis were used for their verification. The research shows that there is a dependence between the appearances by foreign players in matches and the success of clubs in domestic and European competitions. Furthermore, the trend of higher use of foreign players compared to domestic players was also proved. The presented research provides a different perspective on the issue, attributing greater importance to the appearances by players in matches compared to other studies, considering only the total number of foreign players.
Energy Issues in Sustainable Urban Wastewater Management: Use, Demand Reduction and Recovery in the Urban Water Cycle
Authors: Capodaglio Andrea , Olsson Gustaf
Published: December 2019

Urban water systems and, in particular, wastewater treatment facilities are among the major energy consumers at municipal level worldwide. Estimates indicate that on average these facilities alone may require about 1% to 3% of the total electric energy output of a country, representing a significant fraction of municipal energy bills. Specific power consumption of state-of-the-art facilities should range between 20 and 45 kWh per population-equivalent served, per year, even though older plants may have even higher demands. This figure does not include wastewater conveyance (pumping) and residues post-processing. On the other hand, wastewater and its byproducts contain energy in different forms: chemical, thermal and potential. Until very recently, the only form of energy recovery from most facilities consisted of anaerobic post-digestion of process residuals (waste sludge), by which chemical energy methane is obtained as biogas, in amounts generally sufficient to cover about half of plant requirements. Implementation of new technologies may allow more efficient strategies of energy savings and recovery from sewage treatment. Besides wastewater valorization by exploitation of its chemical and thermal energy contents, closure of the wastewater cycle by recovery of the energy content of process residuals could allow significant additional energy recovery and increased greenhouse emissions abatement.
Spiritual Leadership: Meaning in the Sustainable Workplace
Authors: Samul Joanna
Published: December 2019

The topic of leadership enjoys unflagging interest among management theorists and practitioners. One of the trends that arose in the 1990s is spiritual leadership. Some authors have pointed out the importance of spiritual leadership is to create a sustainable workplace for employees. Thus, there is a need to present the achievements of academic knowledge in this topic. The aim of the paper is to synthesize research in the emerging spiritual leadership theory and its importance for the creation of a sustainable workplace. This study explores the concept of spiritual leadership and proposes a conceptual model of spiritual leadership within the context of the sustainability of the workplace. The study is based on a literature review and bibliometric analysis of 373 publications from the Scopus database, spanning the period from 1980 to 2019. The findings obtained indicate that the development of the spiritual leadership theory is relevant and applicable to the creation and maintenance of a sustainable workplace for employees.
Analysis of Evaluation Methods of Sustainable Supply Chain Management in Production Engineering Journals with High Impact
Authors: Lizot Mauro , Júnior Pedro Paulo Andrade , Trojan Flavio , Magacho Carolina Sales , Thesari Shirley Suellen , Goffi Andreia Santos
Published: December 2019

Nowadays, scholars need to know the trends for specific themes and how the main methods are applied to solve the gaps. The research problem for this work is the assessment of methods used in the sustainable supply chain, published in journals with a high impact factor and especially in the production engineering field. The methodology utilized was an adapted version of the “Methodi Ordinatio”, in structured stages to select a limited class of papers of high scientific relevance, to show how the methods are being used. The search steps included the filtering of journals in the research field with relevant impact factors and selecting databases and keywords; reading titles and abstracts; classifying the number of citations; and critical reading of all papers listed in the bibliographic portfolio. The research results and analysis of frequency of papers in the portfolio were used to identify and describe the most commonly used evaluation methods, the correlated theories, advantages, and disadvantages of each researched work.
Factors Influencing the Technology Adoption Behaviours of Litchi Farmers in China
Authors: Li Hui , Huang Diejun , Ma Qiuzhuo , Qi Wene , Li Hua
Published: December 2019

Litchi is a traditional tree crop grown in Southern China. Sustainable development of the litchi industry is reliant on technology adoption by farmers. The top grafting technique allows for the introduction of new, quality litchi varieties. The fact that these new varieties ripen earlier or later than the traditional ones helps stabilize litchi prices. Selling new litchi varieties can increase farmers’ incomes through higher prices of quality varieties and stabilizing prices by staggering the harvest periods. However, the rate of adoption of top grafting among farmers is low, and up till now, more than half of the litchi trees in China are still traditional litchi varieties. This study explores the factors that influence top grafting adoption by litchi farmers. Using primary data gathered by the China Agriculture Research System of Litchi and Longan (CARSLL) from 567 litchi farming households, a binary logit choice model is employed to determine the factors that influence adoption of litchi top grafting among litchi farmers. The results show that farmers owning larger litchi orchards are more likely to adopt top grafting compared to ones owning smaller orchards. Litchi information accumulation, including experience and training, significantly influences farmers’ technology adoption levels. Moreover, a positive attitude toward technology also significantly influences technology adoption behaviours.
Bioenergy Yields from Sequential Bioethanol and Biomethane Production: An Optimized Process Flow
Authors: Rocha-Meneses Lisandra , Otor Oghenetejiri Frances , Bonturi Nemailla , Orupõld Kaja , Kikas Timo
Published: December 2019

This study investigates the potential of different stages of the bioethanol production process (pretreatment, hydrolysis, and distillation) for bioethanol and biomethane production, and studies the critical steps for the liquid and the solid fractions to be separated and discarded to improve the efficiency of the production chain. For this, Napier grass (a fast-growing grass) from Effurun town of Delta State in Nigeria was used and the novel pretreatment method, nitrogen explosive decompression (NED), was applied at different temperatures. The results show that the lowest glucose (13.7 g/L) and ethanol titers (8.4 g/L) were gained at 150 °C. The highest glucose recovery (31.3 g/L) was obtained at 200 °C and the maximum ethanol production (10.3 g/L) at 170 °C. Methane yields are higher in samples pretreated at lower temperatures. The maximum methane yields were reported in samples from the solid fraction of post-pretreatment (pretreated at 150 °C, 1.13 mol CH4/100 g) and solid fraction of the post-hydrolysis stage (pretreated at 150 °C, 1.00 mol CH4/100 g). The lowest biomethane production was noted in samples from the liquid fraction of post-pretreatment broth (between 0.14 mol CH4/100 g and 0.24 mol CH4/100 g). From the process point of view, samples from liquid fraction of post-pretreatment broth should be separated and discarded from the bioethanol production process, since they do not add value to the production chain. The results suggest that bioethanol and biomethane concentrations are influenced by the pretreatment temperature. Napier grass has potential for bioethanol and further biomethane production and it can be used as an alternative source of energy for the transportation sector in Nigeria and other countries rich in grasses and provide energy security to their population.
The Effect of CSR Fit and CSR Authenticity on the Brand Attitude
Authors: Kim Songmi , Lee Heejung
Published: December 2019

This study examined consumer evaluation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities with a focus on the authenticity and fit of CSR activities and analyzed the influence of consumers’ individual perception based on CSR involvement. We carried out an empirical survey to test the hypotheses presented by a scenario test using a questionnaire of 315 college students. The results showed that higher CSR fit has a positive effect on CSR authenticity and brand attitude. As a result of verifying the moderating effect of CSR involvement, the higher the CSR involvement is, the lower the impact of CSR fit on CSR authenticity. Therefore, consumers with high CSR involvement are less affected by CSR fit in evaluating the authenticity of CSR.
Operator Symbols and Operator Indices
Authors: Vasilyev Vladimir
Published: December 2019

We suggest a certain variant of symbolic calculus for special classes of linear bounded operators acting in Banach spaces. According to the calculus we formulate an index theorem and give applications to elliptic pseudo-differential operators on smooth manifolds with non-smooth boundaries.
Integrating Animated Computational Fluid Dynamics into Mixed Reality for Building-Renovation Design
Authors: Zhu Yuehan , Fukuda Tomohiro , Yabuki Nobuyoshi
Published: December 2019

In advanced society, the existing building stock has a high demand for stock renovation, which gives existing buildings new lives, rather than building new ones. During the renovation process, it is necessary to simultaneously achieve architectural, facilities, structural, and environmental design in order to accomplish a healthy, comfortable, and energy-saving indoor environment, prevent delays in problem-solving, and achieve a timely feedback process. This study tackled the development of an integrated system for stock renovation by considering computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and mixed reality (MR) in order to allow the simultaneous design of a building plan and thermal environment. The CFD analysis enables simulation of the indoor thermal environment, including the entire thermal change process. The MR system, which can be operated by voice command and operated on head-mounted display (HMD), enables intuitive visualization of the thermal change process and, in a very efficient manner, shows how different renovation projects perform for various stakeholders. A prototype system is developed with Unity3D engine and HoloLens HMD. In the integrated system, a new CFD visualization method generating 3D CFD animation sequence for the MR system is proposed that allows stakeholders to consider the entirety of changes in the thermal environment.
Bv8-Like Toxin from the Frog Venom of Amolops jingdongensis Promotes Wound Healing via the Interleukin-1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chang Jiajia , He Xiaoqin , Hu Jingmei , Kamau Peter Muiruri , Lai Ren , Rao Dingqi , Luo Lei
Published: December 2019

Prokineticins are highly conserved small peptides family expressed in all vertebrates, which contain a wide spectrum of functions. In this study, a prokineticin homolog (Bv8-AJ) isolated from the venom of frog Amolops jingdongensis was fully characterized. Bv8-AJ accelerated full-thickness wounds healing of mice model by promoting the initiation and the termination of inflammatory phase. Moreover, Bv8-AJ exerted strong proliferative effect on fibroblasts and keratinocytes isolated from newborn mice by activating interleukin (IL)-1 production. Our findings indicate that Bv8 is a potent wound healing regulator and may reveal the mechanism of rapid wound-healing in amphibian skins.
Functional Transcomplementation between Wheat Dwarf Virus Strains in Wheat and Barley
Authors: Abt Isabelle , Souquet Marlène , Angot Gersende , Mabon Romain , Dallot Sylvie , Thébaud Gaël , Jacquot Emmanuel
Published: December 2019

Wheat dwarf virus, transmitted by the leafhopper Psammotettix alienus in a persistent, non-propagative manner, infects numerous species from the Poaceae family. Data associated with wheat dwarf virus (WDV) suggest that some isolates preferentially infect wheat while other preferentially infect barley. This allowed to define the wheat strain and the barley strain. There are contradictory results in the literature regarding the ability of each of these two strains to infect its non-preferred host. To improve knowledge on the interactions between WDV strains and barley and wheat, transmission experiments were carried out using barcoded P. alienus and an experimental design based on single/sequential acquisitions of WDV strains and on transmissions to wheat and barley. Results showed that (I) WDV strains are transmitted with similar efficiencies by P. alienus males, females and larvae, (II) WDV wheat and barley strains do not infect barley and wheat plants, respectively, and (III) a functional transcomplementation between the wheat and barley strains allows a mixed infection of barley and wheat. The described ability of each WDV strain to infect a non-host plant in the presence of the other viral strain must be considered to analyze data available on WDV host range.
Virus-Like Particles and Nanoparticles for Vaccine Development against HCMV
Authors: Perotti Michela , Perez Laurent
Published: December 2019

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infects more than 70% of the human population worldwide. HCMV is responsible for high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients and remains the leading viral cause of congenital birth defects. Despite considerable efforts in vaccine and therapeutic development, HCMV infection still represents an unmet clinical need and a life-threatening disease in immunocompromised individuals and newborns. Immune repertoire interrogation of HCMV seropositive patients allowed the identification of several potential antigens for vaccine design. However, recent HCMV vaccine clinical trials did not lead to a satisfactory outcome in term of efficacy. Therefore, combining antigens with orthogonal technologies to further increase the induction of neutralizing antibodies could improve the likelihood of a vaccine to reach protective efficacy in humans. Indeed, presentation of multiple copies of an antigen in a repetitive array is known to drive a more robust humoral immune response than its soluble counterpart. Virus-like particles (VLPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) are powerful platforms for multivalent antigen presentation. Several self-assembling proteins have been successfully used as scaffolds to present complex glycoprotein antigens on their surface. In this review, we describe some key aspects of the immune response to HCMV and discuss the scaffolds that were successfully used to increase vaccine efficacy against viruses with unmet medical need.
Gene Expression Profiling of Different Huh7 Variants Reveals Novel Hepatitis C Virus Host Factors
Authors: Dächert Christopher , Gladilin Evgeny , Binder Marco
Published: December 2019

Chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection still constitutes a major global health problem with almost half a million deaths per year. To date, the human hepatoma cell line Huh7 and its derivatives is the only cell line that robustly replicates HCV. However, even different subclones and passages of this single cell line exhibit tremendous differences in HCV replication efficiency. By comparative gene expression profiling using a multi-pronged correlation analysis across eight different Huh7 variants, we identified 34 candidate host factors possibly affecting HCV permissiveness. For seven of the candidates, we could show by knock-down studies their implication in HCV replication. Notably, for at least four of them, we furthermore found that overexpression boosted HCV replication in lowly permissive Huh7 cells, most prominently for the histone-binding transcriptional repressor THAP7 and the nuclear receptor NR0B2. For NR0B2, our results suggest a finely balanced expression optimum reached in highly permissive Huh7 cells, with even higher levels leading to a nearly complete breakdown of HCV replication, likely due to a dysregulation of bile acid and cholesterol metabolism. Our unbiased expression-profiling approach, hence, led to the identification of four host cellular genes that contribute to HCV permissiveness in Huh7 cells. These findings add to an improved understanding of the molecular underpinnings of the strict host cell tropism of HCV.
Role of Dendritic Cells in Exposing Latent HIV-1 for the Kill
Authors: Kristoff Jan , Rinaldo Charles R. , Mailliard Robbie B.
Published: December 2019

The development of effective yet nontoxic strategies to target the latent human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) reservoir in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed individuals poses a critical barrier to a functional cure. The ‘kick and kill’ approach to HIV eradication entails proviral reactivation during ART, coupled with generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) or other immune effectors equipped to eliminate exposed infected cells. Pharmacological latency reversal agents (LRAs) that have produced modest reductions in the latent reservoir ex vivo have not impacted levels of proviral DNA in HIV-infected individuals. An optimal cure strategy incorporates methods that facilitate sufficient antigen exposure on reactivated cells following the induction of proviral gene expression, as well as the elimination of infected targets by either polyfunctional HIV-specific CTLs or other immune-based strategies. Although conventional dendritic cells (DCs) have been used extensively for the purpose of inducing antigen-specific CTL responses in HIV-1 clinical trials, their immunotherapeutic potential as cellular LRAs has been largely ignored. In this review, we discuss the challenges associated with current HIV-1 eradication strategies, as well as the unharnessed potential of ex vivo-programmed DCs for both the ‘kick and kill’ of latent HIV-1.
A Comprehensive Strategy for Screening for Xenotransplantation-Relevant Viruses in a Second Isolated Population of Göttingen Minipigs
Authors: Krüger Luise , Kristiansen Yannick , Reuber Emelie , Möller Lars , Laue Michael , Reimer Christian , Denner Joachim
Published: December 2019

Xenotransplantation using pig tissues and organs is under development in order to alleviate the increasing shortage of human transplants. Since xenotransplantation may be associated with the transmission of porcine microorganisms to the human recipient, the donor pigs should be carefully analyzed, especially for the presence of potentially zoonotic viruses. Göttingen Minipigs (GöMP) are potential donors of islet cells for the treatment of diabetes. Despite the fact that all animals produced at Ellegaard Göttingen Minipigs A/S carry porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) in their genome and that very few animals were infected with porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV), hepatitis E virus (HEV) and porcine lymphotropic herpesvirus (PLHV), no transmission of these viruses was observed in a preclinical trial transplanting GöMP islet cells into cynomolgus monkeys. Using a new comprehensive strategy, we then analyzed an isolated subpopulation of Göttingen Minipigs which remained at the University of Göttingen. We concentrated on 11 xenotransplantation-relevant viruses and combined co-incubation assays with susceptible human target cells and molecular biological methods to evaluate the risk posed by PERV. All animals in Göttingen carry PERV-A, PERV-B, and PERV-C in their genome but they are not infected with PCMV, PLHV and HEV. The difference may be explained by selection of negative animals and/or de novo infection. The PERV copy number was established using ddPCR (93 copies) and a human-tropic PERV-A/C was found released from PBMCs of one animal with a high expression of PERV-C.
The Autophagy Protein ATG16L1 Is Required for Sindbis Virus-Induced eIF2α Phosphorylation and Stress Granule Formation
Authors: Jefferson Matthew , Bone Benjamin , Buck Jasmine L. , Powell Penny P.
Published: December 2019

Sindbis virus (SINV) infection induces eIF2α phosphorylation, which leads to stress granule (SG) assembly. SINV infection also stimulates autophagy, which has an important role in controlling the innate immune response. The importance of autophagy to virus-induced translation arrest is not well understood. In this study, we show that the autophagy protein ATG16L1 not only regulates eIF2α phosphorylation and the translation of viral and antiviral proteins, but also controls SG assembly. Early in infection (2hpi), capsids were recruited by host factors Cytotoxic Granule-Associated RNA Binding Protein (TIA1), Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1), and vasolin-containing protein 1 (VCP), to a single perinuclear body, which co-localized with the viral pattern recognition sensors, double stranded RNA-activated protein-kinase R (PKR) and RIG-I. By 6hpi, there was increased eIF2α phosphorylation and viral protein synthesis. However, in cells lacking the autophagy protein ATG16L1, SG assembly was inhibited and capsid remained in numerous small foci in the cytoplasm containing YBX1, TIA1 with RIG-I, and these persisted for over 8hpi. In the absence of ATG16L1, there was little phosphorylation of eIF2α and low levels of viral protein synthesis. Compared to wild type cells, there was potentiated interferon protein and interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) mRNA expression. These results show that ATG16L1 is required for maximum eIF2α phosphorylation, proper SG assembly into a single perinuclear focus, and for attenuating the innate immune response. Therefore, this study shows that, in the case of SINV, ATG16L1 is pro-viral, required for SG assembly and virus replication.
MYH9 Key Amino Acid Residues Identified by the Anti-Idiotypic Antibody to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Glycoprotein 5 Involve in the Virus Internalization by Porcine Alveolar Macrophages
Authors: Li Liangliang , Zhang Lu , Hu Qifan , Zhao Liang , Nan Yuchen , Hou Gaopeng , Chen Yiyang , Han Ximeng , Ren Xiaolei , Zhao Qin , Tao Hu , Sun Zhenzhao , Zhang Gaiping , Wu Chunyan , Wang Jingfei , Zhou En-Min
Published: December 2019

MYH9 has been identified as an indispensable cellular protein for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) entry into permissive cells using the monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (Mab2-5G2) recognizing an antibody that specifically interacts with PRRSV glycoprotein 5 (GP5). More recently, we found that Mab2-5G2 interacted with the MYH9 C-terminal domain, designated PRA, which is required for PRRSV internalization. In this study, we demonstrate that blocking of MYH9 with Mab2-5G2 significantly diminished PRRSV internalization by porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) via interruption of direct interaction between GP5 and MYH9, and thus remarkably inhibited subsequent infection of PAMs by PRRSV-2 isolates. Moreover, the three-dimensional structure of the Mab2-5G2 Fab-PRA complex determined via homology modeling predicted potential docking sites required for PRRSV internalization. Further analysis of Mab2-5G2-binding sites within PRA highlighted that the amino acids E1670, K1673, E1679, and I1683 in PRA are the key Mab2-5G2-binding residues. Notably, recombinant PRA protein blocked the interaction between PRRSV GP5 and cellular MYH9 by preventing translocation of MYH9 from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane, an essential step for PRRSV virion internalization. Meanwhile, porcine cell line permissive for PRRSV bearing point mutation of E1670A in MYH9 demonstrated reduced susceptibility for PRRSV infection. In conclusion, this work increases understanding of both PRRSV pathogenesis and the mechanistic role played by MYH9 in PRRSV infection.
Investigation of the Role of the Spike Protein in Reversing the Virulence of the Highly Virulent Taiwan Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Pintung 52 Strains and Its Attenuated Counterpart
Authors: Kao Chi-Fei , Chang Hui-Wen
Published: December 2019

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has continuously caused severe economic losses to the global swine industries; however, no successful vaccine against PEDV has been developed. In this study, we generated four autologous recombinant viruses, including the highly virulent iPEDVPT-P5, attenuated iPEDVPT-P96, and two chimeric viruses (iPEDVPT-P5-96S and iPEDVPT-P96-5S) with the reciprocally exchanged spike (S) gene, to study the role of the S gene in PEDV pathogenesis. A deeper understanding of PEDV attenuation will aid in the rational design of a live attenuated vaccine (LAV) using reverse genetics system. Our results showed that replacing the S gene from the highly virulent iPEDVPT-P5 led to complete restoration of virulence of the attenuated iPEDVPT-P96, with nearly identical viral shedding, diarrhea pattern, and mortality rate as the parental iPEDVPT-P5. In contrast, substitution of the S gene with that from the attenuated iPEDVPT-P96 resulted in partial attenuation of iPEDVPT-P5, exhibiting similar viral shedding and diarrhea patterns as the parental iPEDVPT-P96 with slightly severe histological lesions and higher mortality rate. Collectively, our data confirmed that the attenuation of the PEDVPT-P96 virus is primarily attributed to mutations in the S gene. However, mutation in S gene alone could not fully attenuate the virulence of iPEDVPT-P5. Gene (s) other than S gene might also play a role in determining virulence.
Impact of North Atlantic Oscillation on the Snowpack in Iberian Peninsula Mountains
Authors: Alonso-González Esteban , López-Moreno Juan I. , Navarro-Serrano Francisco M. , Revuelto Jesús
Published: December 2019

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is considered to be the main atmospheric factor explaining the winter climate and snow evolution over much of the Northern Hemisphere. However, the absence of long-term snow data in mountain regions has prevented full assessment of the impact of the NAO at the regional scales, where data are limited. In this study, we assessed the relationship between the NAO of the winter months (DJFM-NAO) and the snowpack of the Iberian Peninsula. We simulated temperature, precipitation, and snow data for the period 1979–2014 by dynamic downscaling of ERA-Interim reanalysis data, and correlated this with the DJFM-NAO for the five main mountain ranges of the Iberian Peninsula (Cantabrian Range, Central Range, Iberian Range, the Pyrenees, and the Sierra Nevada). The results confirmed that negative DJFM-NAO values generally occur during wet and mild conditions over most of the Iberian Peninsula. Due to the direction of the wet air masses, the NAO has a large influence on snow duration and the annual peak snow water equivalent (peak SWE) in most of the mountain ranges in the study, mostly on the slopes south of the main axis of the ranges. In contrast, the impact of NAO variability is limited on north-facing slopes. Negative (positive) DJFM-NAO values were associated with longer (shorter) duration and higher (lower) peak SWEs in all mountains analyzed in the study. We found marked variability in correlations of the DJFM-NAO with snow indices within each mountain range, even when only the south-facing slopes were considered. The correlations were stronger for higher elevations in the mountain ranges, but geographical longitude also explained the intra-range variability in the majority of the studied mountains.
Production of Microalgal Biomass Using Aquaculture Wastewater as Growth Medium
Authors: Hawrot-Paw Małgorzata , Koniuszy Adam , Gałczyńska Małgorzata , Zając Grzegorz , Szyszlak-Bargłowicz Joanna
Published: December 2019

Aquaculture wastewater contains a huge amount of substances that can cause environmental pollution. However, microalgae can absorb these compounds and convert them into useful biomass. In this study, Chlorella minutissima was grown in the wastewater resulting from saline aquaculture. The microalgae were found to effectively utilize nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater for its growth. During wastewater treatment, the cell density increased almost fivefold compared to the initial value (OD680 0.502). Moreover, batch culture resulted in the maximum biomass concentration and productivity of 4.77 g/L and 0.55 g/L/day, respectively. The contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater decreased by 88% and over 99%, respectively. In addition, the content of N-NO3 was reduced by 88.6%, N-NO2 by 74.3%, and dissolved orthophosphates (V) by 99%. At the beginning and throughout the experiment, the content of N-NH4 in wastewater remained below 0.05 mg/L. Furthermore, a high lipid content of 46.4% (w/w) was also obtained from the studied microalgae.
Research on Forward Osmosis Membrane Technology Still Needs Improvement in Water Recovery and Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Li Li , Shi Wenxin , Yu Shuili
Published: December 2019

Forward osmosis (FO) has become an evolving membrane separation technology to recover water due to its strong retention capacity, sustainable membrane fouling, etc. Although a good deal of research has been extensively investigated in the past decades, major challenges still remain as follows: (1) the novel FO membrane material properties, which significantly influence the fouling of the FO membranes, the intolerance reverse solute flux (RSF), the high concentration polarization (CP), and the low permeate flux; (2) novel draw solution preparation and utilization; (3) salinity build-up in the FO system; (4) the successful implementation of the FO process. This work critically reviews the last five years’ literature in development of the novel FO membrane material, structure in modification, and preparation, including comparison and analysis on the traditional and novel draw solutes coupled with their effects on FO performance; application in wastewater treatment, especially hybrid system and integrated FO system; fouling mechanism; and cleaning strategy as discussed in the literature. The current barriers of the research results in each hotspot and the areas that can be improved are also analyzed in detail. The research hotspots in the research and development of the novel membrane materials in various countries and regions have been compared in recent years, and the work of variation in pop research hotspots in the past 10 years has been analyzed and the ideas that fill the blank gaps also have been proposed.
Flash Flood Forecasting Based on Long Short-Term Memory Networks
Authors: Song Tianyu , Ding Wei , Wu Jian , Liu Haixing , Zhou Huicheng , Chu Jinggang
Published: December 2019

Flash floods occur frequently and distribute widely in mountainous areas because of complex geographic and geomorphic conditions and various climate types. Effective flash flood forecasting with useful lead times remains a challenge due to its high burstiness and short response time. Recently, machine learning has led to substantial changes across many areas of study. In hydrology, the advent of novel machine learning methods has started to encourage novel applications or substantially improve old ones. This study aims to establish a discharge forecasting model based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for flash flood forecasting in mountainous catchments. The proposed LSTM flood forecasting (LSTM-FF) model is composed of T multivariate single-step LSTM networks and takes spatial and temporal dynamics information of observed and forecast rainfall and early discharge as inputs. The case study in Anhe revealed that the proposed models can effectively predict flash floods, especially the qualified rates (the ratio of the number of qualified events to the total number of flood events) of large flood events are above 94.7% at 1–5 h lead time and range from 84.2% to 89.5% at 6–10 h lead-time. For the large flood simulation, the small flood events can help the LSTM-FF model to explore a better rainfall-runoff relationship. The impact analysis of weights in the LSTM network structures shows that the discharge input plays a more obvious role in the 1-h LSTM network and the effect decreases with the lead-time. Meanwhile, in the adjacent lead-time, the LSTM networks explored a similar relationship between input and output. The study provides a new approach for flash flood forecasting and the highly accurate forecast contributes to prepare for and mitigate disasters.
Optimization of Wastewater Phosphorus Removal in Winter Temperatures Using an Anaerobic–Critical Aerobic Strategy in a Pilot-Scale Sequencing Batch Reactor
Authors: Liu Meijun , Yao Bing , Cong Shibo , Ma Taigang , Zou Donglei
Published: December 2019

Biological phosphorus removal using an anaerobic–aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) in a low temperature can be difficult to remove, and aeration always accounts for nearly half of the total electricity costs at many wastewater treatment plants. In this study, a pilot-scale anaerobic–critical aerobic SBR (A–CA SBR) was developed for synthetic domestic wastewater. More importantly, the phase, whose concentration of diffused oxygen was controlled at 1.0–1.5 mg/L, was defined as a critical aerobic phase, which reduced expenses during the operation. To be specific, half of the ammonia was removed within 10 days and no NO3−–N was accumulated during the process. From the SEM and metagenome analysis, Rhodocyclus, Zooglea, Dechloromonas, and Simplicispira had the ability to remove phosphorus and NO3−–N simultaneously, which proved the existence of a potential double-layer sludge structure under an A–CA operational condition. All of the results disclose that the pilot-scale A–CA SBR is a reliable manipulation strategy for phosphorus removal under low temperatures, which can hopefully apply to practical wastewater remediation.
Incorporating Integrative Perspectives into Impact Reduction Management in a Reef Recreation Area
Authors: Lee Chun-Hung , Chen Yun-Ju , Huang Yu-Sheng , Chen Chu-Wei
Published: December 2019

The act of balancing two sustainability goals, the conservation of ecosystem services, and allowing access to reef recreational areas is a big challenge for the management of marine protected areas (MPAs). This study evaluates tourist preferences towards integrative aspects of an impact reduction program in a reef recreation area. We find that by integrating the marine police institution, providing educational training, setting up control of the number of divers, setting up control of the experience area, and taking boats to the snorkeling point are the key factors. We also identify the features that affect the heterogeneity of preferences with impact reduction management in the MPAs as follows: (1) monthly income; (2) type of tourist; and (3) joining conservation groups, and the integrated program generate the highest welfare value. These results can be applied to create a suitable management strategy for sustainable reef tourism that meets the needs of stakeholders.
Acordos de colaboração premiada e de leniência em ações de improbidade administrativa
Authors: Araújo Juliana Padrão Serra de
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo aborda a questão da realização de acordos de colaboração premiada e de leniência no âmbito da improbidade administrativa. Para tanto, analisa-se o alcance e as vantagens de tais institutos no combate à corrupção, nas esferas penal e administrativa, no direito brasileiro. Faz-se igualmente uma verificação da disciplina legal atualmente existente sobre o tema, inclusive sobre a vedação da celebração de acordos, contida na Lei de Improbidade Administrativa, bem como dos diversos entendimentos doutrinários e jurisprudenciais sobre o assunto. Após, procede-se a uma análise da incoerência lógica existente no microssistema anticorrupção brasileiro, sob uma perspectiva da racionalidade sistemática que deve conter o ordenamento jurídico. Ao final, defende-se a edição de lei que regulamente a realização de acordos de leniência e de colaboração premiada nas ações de improbidade administrativa, de maneira a restabelecer a coerência do sistema legal, garantir a segurança jurídica e promover de forma mais eficaz o combate à corrupção.
Monetization Factor of the Region as an Indicator of Financial Depth of Economy
Authors: Kuvaeva Yu. V.
Published: December 2019

The role of financial system in the development of national economies has been widely discussed in Russian and foreign literature in recent years.The article covers the analysis of the influence of financial depth of economy on the level of its development.The theoretical provisions of macroeconomic theory describing relation between the level of development of financial sector and economic growth formed the methodological base of the study.The aim of the study is examination of the possible influence of one indicator of financial depth of economy of closed territorial formations inside the state of federative framework on the level of economic development of the relevant region.The analysis revealed the main trends in the «money supply/gross regional product» – «level of economic development of the region» frame; the suggestions about reasons of their emergence were expressed.
Social Behavior of the Russian Youth in the Health Care Field: Conceptualization Issues in Sociological Discourse
Authors: Vyalykh N. A.
Published: December 2019

The article presents the key elements of individual parameters that determine the behavioral patterns of the youth in the field of healthcare. The author has selected theoretical and methodological backgrounds of sociological understanding of health protection behaviour of youths and defines the problems’ complex of young people’s behavioral strategies positivisation in the context of transformation of the healthcare institution in Russia today. The concept of health protection behaviour of youths is analyzed as dynamic interaction of different variables in a changing social context. Special attention is given to the analysis of behavioral and structural dimensions of health protection models. Currently, there is tendency of overcoming the cognitive one-sidedness of personality and situational approaches. In line with this trend, the health protection behaviour of youths is not regarded as the result of influence of the social situation or individual traits, social values, attitudes and cultural predispositions. The health protection behaviour is seen primarily as a result of young people’s interpretation of the social situation of health problems and «attributing» to it the values and meanings in a socio-cultural context of health care system. The author comes to the conclusion that the contradictory dynamics of the youth self-preserving behavior is observed. On the one hand, young people have basic skills and knowledge in the field of health protection, recognize the need and importance of healthy lifestyle; on the other hand, they realize predominantly passive practices of maintaining and promoting of health.
Statistical Methods in the Study of Changes in the Structure and Elements of the Cost of Electricity Generation
Authors: Afanasyev V. N.
Published: December 2019

The growth of tariffs and prices in the Russian Federation is largely determined by the growth of electricity prices. Need to know why electricity is becoming more expensive. The article presents the analysis of the system of statistical methods used in the study of changes in the structure and elements of the cost of electricity production. Statistical tools are being discussed to identify and measure the factors behind the rise in electricity prices, and to conduct a detailed causal analysis. Special emphasis is placed on statistical technologies used in the study of changes in individual elements and the cost structure as a whole. Special emphasis is placed on statistical technologies used in predicting changes in individual elements and the cost structure as a whole. The main goal of such a forecast is to develop a strategy for the behavior of the economic entity and formulate of its activity plan.
Formation of Demand in the Residential Real Estate Market of Canada: Modern Trends
Authors: Rudi L. Yu. , Tropnikova T. A.
Published: December 2019

The situation in the residential real estate market in Canada, namely, the formation of demand for housing in the face of rising prices is analyzed in this article. The key factors of demand formation are identified, such as prices, incomes and assets of households, the ratio of incomes of groups of people with different levels of education, household preferences by type of housing, immigration flows. Based on a theoretical analysis and analysis of statistical data over a long period of time, current trends in the formation of demand in the Canadian residential real estate market are identified. A conclusion on an objective basis for price increases in the residential real estate market is substantiated.
Músicos, acción y contexto: reconstruyendo la escena musical porteña desde la trayectoria biográfica del empresario Pablo Rosquellas
Authors: Guillamon Guillermina
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo parte de la reconstrucción de la trayectoria de Pablo Rosquellas, músico y empresario teatral español que vivió en Buenos Aires entre 1823 y 1831. Este punto de partida nos conduce al objetivo del trabajo: mostrar cómo el análisis de las acciones que desplegaron músicos y empresarios permite complejizar –al tiempo que discutir– una visión que establece a las prácticas culturales de la élite porteña como la consecuencia del accionar modernizador y reformista del grupo rivadaviano.

En este sentido, la trayectoria biográfica de Rosquellas nos posibilita desplazar el foco de análisis de la política rivadaviana y situarlo en la dinámica de la cultura musical porteña, particularmente en la consolidación de la ópera buffa. Así, es posible advertir que la conformación de una escena musical moderna –que trascendió las fronteras de la provincia y se insertó en una cultura artística global vinculada a la ópera–, antes que la consecuencia de un programa cultural preestablecido por el poder político rivadaviano, fue el resultado de un entramado de acciones situadas y con grados de especificidad de diversos actores musicales.
La rebelión de las aprendizas: cultura legal y conflictividad laboral en los Tribunales de Trabajo. Olavarría, 1951
Authors: Canavessi Pablo
Published: December 2019

El siguiente artículo persigue como objetivo reconstruir la experiencia de las trabajadoras en los tribunales laborales de la provincia de Buenos Aires, durante el primer peronismo. Mediante el análisis de un expediente judicial iniciado en Olavarría a principios de la década de 1950, se exploran las distintas aristas de la conflictividad laboral y la intervención de una novedosa constelación de actores que no han sido objeto de estudios por parte de la historiografía: abogados, delegados locales de la CGT, funcionarios distritales del Ministerio de Trabajo y Previsión, jueces laborales y magistrados de la Suprema Corte de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. La reconstrucción del momento exacto en que las instituciones laborales y el sindicalismo irrumpen en un pequeño establecimiento fabril, donde hasta entonces primaban relaciones laborales paternalistas y arreglos privados, permite dimensionar el proceso de expansión estatal en materia laboral. Por otra parte, la reducción de la escala de observación y un enfoque atento a las relaciones de clase pero también de género, permite explorar las formas en que la creación de los Tribunales de Trabajo beneficiaron a las trabajadoras y, a la inversa, las maneras en que los usos de la ley por parte de las obreras y sus abogados transformaron la naturaleza de estas instituciones.
Estrecho de Magallanes: viaje, relato y archivo
Authors: Benites María Jesús
Published: December 2019

La travesía magallánica no solo significó encontrar el paso que unía ambos océanos, sino también logró, por primera vez, circunnavegar el mundo. Partir de un lugar y retornar a él son los movimientos complementarios que transforman este viaje en una hazaña sin precedentes. En la acción de atravesar ese pasaje-mundo (Onetto, 2018) se confirma la redondez de la Tierra, se afianza el conocimiento total sobre ella y la posibilidad de su absoluta e imperialista posesión.

Este trabajo propone un recorrido por los relatos que dan cuenta, de manera directa y diferida, de la travesía que inicia en 1519 Magallanes y culmina Elcano en 1522. Está organizado en las tres modulaciones que anticipa el título: viaje, relato y archivo.
KINERJA TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA PADI SALIBU DI LAHAN SAWAH IRIGASI KABUPATEN CIANJUR
Authors: Surdianto Yanto , Sutrisna Nana , Darojat  , Ruswandi Agus
Published: December 2019

Salibu merupakan teknologi inovatif budidaya padi sawah dengan memanfaatkan batang bawah sisa panen, sebagai penghasil anakan yang dipelihara untuk menggantikan bibit pada sistim tanam pindah, sehingga dalam satu kali tanam petani bisa panen beberapa kali. Tujuan pengkajian ini adalah mengetahui kinerja dan sifat inovasi teknologi salibu yang diterapkan petani di lahan sawah irigasi. Pengkajian telah dilaksanakan di UPTD Perbanyak Benih Cihea, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat pada bulan Januari s.d. Desember tahun 2017. Pengkajian menggunakan metode percobaan lapangan, dilaksanakan pada lahan petani dengan memanfaatkan tanaman padi yang sudah ada. Luas lahan yang digunakan sekitar 0,5 ha dan luas petakan disesuaikan dengan kondisi di lapangan. Data teknis kinerja teknologi yang dikumpulkan terdiri atas: komponen pertumbuhan, komponen hasil, dan hasil serta gangguan hama/penyakit. Untuk mengetahui sifat inovasi dilakukan melalui metode survei dengan memilih 15 responden secara acak. Kelayakan ekonomi dianalisis finansial (R/C, B/C, dan BEP), sedangkan sifat inovasi dianalisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sifat inovasi teknologi Salibu cukup efektif untuk dikembangkan, sehingga petani berpeluang untuk mengadopsi teknologi tersebut. Jika teknologi Salibu dikembangkan pada skala yang lebih luas maka Indeks Pertanaman (IP) akan meningkat sehingga indeks panen juga meningkat dan akan meningkatkan produksi beras untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan di Jawa Barat.