bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the factors determining the profit of lamb fattening
Authors: Fenyves Veronika
Published: September 2019

Lamb fattening in the past 8 years was generally a loss-making business and it was worth selling only in two weight categories – at 24-27 kg and at 27-30 kg –, because in this categories a modest profit could be achieved in most of the years. Selling lambs at 20-24 kg-weight provides a proper income for the sheep farmers only if the milking period is prolonged. If the lambs are weaned at a weight of 16-20 kg, then they are not worth selling them in this weight category. The profit of fattening ram lambs is higher and safer than that of ewe lambs. In Hungary, the profitability of lamb fattening is insecure due to the large variability in purchase prices and the instability of the market. When studying the profitability of the two genders combined, it can be stated that the summer fattening period was the most profitable, while if only the rams are considered then the profitability of the autumn and spring periods was the highest, which is due to Easter and Christmas lambs. Based on our results, we came to the conclusion that ewe lambs and rams should be sold at a lower and higher weight category, respectively.
Manyetize Edilmiş Suyun, Reaktif Pudra Betonların Eğilme ve Basınç Dayanımı Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: MOHABBI Mehrzad , VAROLGÜNEŞ Sadık
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı; manyetize edilmiş suyun,
lifli ve lifsiz reaktif pudra betonların (RPB) basınç ve eğilme dayanımı
üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Farklı manyetik alan şiddetleri manyetik su
üretimi için kullanılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; 0.8-1 ve 1.2 Tesla
şiddetindeki üç farklı manyetik alan şiddeti seçilmiştir. Manyetik su üretimi
için farklı manyetik alan şiddetlerinde bekletme süresi 20 dakika olarak sabit
alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde; normal su kullanımı yerine
manyetik su kullanımı, 7 ve 28 günlük basınç ve eğilme dayanımlarının artmasını
sağladığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca manyetize edilmiş suyun, RPB’lerin basınç ve
eğilme dayanımına olumlu etkisi olduğu ve dayanımı artırmak için en verimli
manyetik alan şiddetinin 1 Tesla olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Implicaciones ambientales derivadas del petróleo: Caso del agua embotellada
Authors: Luque González Arturo
Published: September 2019

El presente trabajo analiza los procesos de contaminación producidos por las botellas de plástico en todas sus fases como son fabricación, uso y reciclaje. Las botellas de plástico (PET) son elaboradas por sustancias derivadas del petróleo y de ahí parte la complejidad del análisis. Muchos de los riesgos y secuelas producidas, en gran medida, pasan inadvertidas causando con ello graves problemas ambientales además de riesgo para la salud. Estos compuestos se encuentran diluidos en el ambiente, se conoce relativamente poco de ellos en cuanto a presencia, impacto y tratamiento. La contaminación derivada del plástico produce daños irreparables al planeta circunstancia que en la actualidad lejos de disminuir, se agudiza cada día. El plástico tarda cientos de años en degradarse, contiene aditivos, antibióticos, pesticidas y otros tóxicos además de adsorber metales pesados. Estos a su vez son transportados por todo el planeta además de por el torrente sanguíneo de los seres vivos. Se llega a la conclusión de que la acumulación de plásticos en mares y océanos, acompañado todo ello de una falta de legislación acorde con la magnitud del problema planteado, contribuyen de manera negativa a la posible erradicación del problema
La estructura social en el rendimiento académico de los nuevos ingresos al sector universitario
Authors: Zambrano Vera Gabriela Esperanza , Palma Cedeño María Antonieta , Suástegui Solórzano Silvia Monserrate
Published: September 2019

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar  la estructura social en el rendimiento académico de los nuevos ingresos al sector universitario. El propósito de la investigación fue analizar los factores asociados al rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios de nuevo ingreso. La metodologia que siguio la investigación fue de tipo descriptiva y de campo con un de tipo no experimental y transversal. Las unidades de análisis fueron los estudiantes que ingresaron durante los lapsos académicos del primer  período de 2018. Se utilizó como técnica la encuesta  para la recolección de datos, y como instrumento un cuestionario. El análisis permitió concluir que los factores estudiados representan puntos débiles y fortalezas en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de recién ingresos, todo si consideramos que el  rendimiento académico no sólo se da en  términos de  calificaciones numéricas, sino su sentir con la realidad universitaria.
La Profesión de Enfermería y los Retos Futuros
Authors: Urure Velazco Isabel Natividad
Published: September 2019

.
Pseudoaneurisma de la arteria uterina post cesárea
Authors: Ybaseta-Soto George  , Palacios-Flores Gustavo  , Pachas-Serpa Estefany  , Napa-Ruiz Pierina
Published: September 2019

El pseudoaneurisma de la arteria uterina es poco habitual pero una grave complicación de la cesárea, puede manifestarse con hemorragia de importancia clínica durante el postoperatorio tardío. La ecografía doppler fue un procedimiento importante para su sospecha diagnóstica del pseudoaneurisma la misma que puede tratarse por medio de la embolización arteriográfica de la arteria uterina. Comunicamos el caso de una paciente con 17 días de hemorragia post cesárea sometida a legrado uterino y 21 días después del legrado se le realiza histerectomía con el diagnóstico de pseudoaneurisma de arteria uterina.
Anticoncepción hormonal, aspectos sociodemográficos y de la conducta como factores de riesgo para cáncer de cuello uterino en un hospital en Ica, Perú.
Authors: Kuroki-Yshii Ana  , Franco–Kuroki Alejandra  , Alaba –Tucto Karina
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Demostrar que la anticoncepción hormonal, los factores sociodemográficos y de la conducta constituyen factores de riesgo para cáncer de cuello uterino en las pacientes atendidas en consultorio externo de Ginecología y Prevención del Cáncer en el Hospital Santa María del Socorrode Ica entre enero 2015 y diciembre 2017.

Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, transversal, descriptivo, analítico.

Resultados: La prevalencia de cáncer de cuellouterino fue de 13.7% (13 pacientes de cada 100 atendidas tuvieron cáncer de cuello uterino). Los resultados muestran que hubo mayor prevalencia en las mujeres mayores de 35 años, casadas oconvivientes, sin estudios o con primaria completa, multíparas, con inicio de vida sexual después de los 14 años y no usuarias de anticonceptivos hormonales. No se encontró significancia estadística en ninguno de los factores mencionados. Conclusiones: No se demostró asociación entreanticoncepción hormonal y cáncer de cuello uterino. Los factores sociodemográficos y de la conducta algunos con mayor prevalencia no fueron estadísticamente significativos.
Determinantes sociales estructurales relacionados con la epidemia de dengue en la ciudad de Ica, 2017
Authors: Aguado-Moquillaza Raúl  , Alvites-Junes Antony  , Ceccarelli-Flores Juan
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Describir los determinantes sociales estructurales y las características clínicas que presentaron los pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de dengue en la provincia de Ica, durante el año 2017. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, no experimental, de la revisión de la base de datos del sistema de notificación de vigilancia epidemiológica, de 133 casos confirmados de Dengue, del año 2017. Resultados: El 56.4% eran hombres y un 43.6% mujeres, siendo la razón hombre/mujer de 1.22. La edad promedio fue de 34.5 años y el grupo más afectado fue el de 41-50 años (18.1%) seguido de los grupos 15-20 años y 31-40 años con un 14.3%. Según la ocupación en grupo mayoritario fue el de estudiantes 26.3%), en el ámbito de la vivienda, el urbano fue el mayor con un 60.0% de casos; en la epidemia de Dengue en Ica el 96.58% correspondió a Dengue no grave, de los cuales el 9.40% presentaron señales de alarma con evolución clínica favorable y el (87.18%) fueron notificados como Dengue sin señales de alarma. Se registraron 4 casos de dengue grave (3.42%) fallecidos; el 81.95% presentó fiebre, dolor de cabeza, el 84.21%, dolor de cuerpo: artralgias 83.46% y mialgias 78.19%, malestar general un 79.70%. En los casos de Dengue con señales de alarma, se presentó dolor abdominal, vómitos y diarreas.Conclusiones: Con el presente estudio se evaluó los determinantes sociales estructurales y las características clínicas que presentaron los pacientes con diagnostico confirmado, en la epidemia del Dengue en Ica en el año 2017, que ayudará a tomar las medidas preventivas en el medio ambiente y efectuar el diagnóstico oportuno conociendo la sintomatología variada de la enfermedad.
Factores de riesgo que influyen en el fracaso al tratamiento individualizado de tuberculosis multidrogorresistente en la provincia de Ica. 2000-2014.
Authors: Del Rio-Mendoza Jeny  , Del Rio-Mendoza Jesús Antonio  , Gómez-Donayre Marth Ysabel  , Buleje-Medina Fiorella  , Montalvo-Valdez Hugo Ángel
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo que influyen en el fracaso al tratamiento individualizado de Tuberculosis Multidrogorresistente en la provincia de Ica. 2000-2014. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, tipo analítico, de casos y controles. La muestra estuvo conformada por 19 casos de fracaso al tratamiento individualizado, y por cada caso se tuvo dos controles de pacientes que curaron con tratamiento individualizado. Se realizó el análisis bivariado con un nivel de significancia del 5% se calculó del Odds Ratio (OR) con intervalo de confianza (IC) al 95%. Se realizó análisis de regresión logística. Resultados: En el análisis multivariado resultaron 4 factores de riesgo asociados a fracaso al tratamiento individualizado.resistencia a 5 o más drogas (OR=6,67, p=0,027), tener IMC menor de 18.5 al inicio del tratamiento(OR=7,61 p=0,023), presentar hemoptisis durante el tratamiento (OR= 19,89, P=0,001) y lapresencia de cavernas en la radiografía de tórax inicial (OR=27,95, p=0,005). Conclusiones: Lospacientes con resistencia a 5 o más drogas antituberculosas, con IMC menor a 18.5, con hemoptisisdurante el tratamiento y los que presentan caverna en la radiografía de tórax, tienen mayor riesgode fracasar al tratamiento individualizado.
Síndrome de Sweet asociado a Leucemia Mieloide Aguda: Reporte de un caso en Perú.
Authors: Quispe-Arango Aydee  , Neyra-León Jesús Andreé  , Franco-Soto Mario Luis  , Antonio-Travezan Pedro Salvador
Published: September 2019

Reporte de caso: Síndrome de Sweet asociado a Leucemia mieloide aguda. Se presenta el caso de paciente mujer de 79 años que presenta fiebre, placas eritemato-violáceas y ampollas de contenido seroso, dolorosas en el antebrazo y dorso de la mano izquierda.Los hemogramas seriados revelaron la presencia de anemia, leucocitosis marcada con neutrofilia, trombocitopenia y linfopenia. Se realiza lámina periférica donde se observa blastos (79%) y cuerpos de Auer. La biopsia de la lesión cutánea señala un infiltrado denso perivascular de neutrófilos maduros en la dermis superficial sin vasculitis asociada. Se diagnosticó Síndrome de Sweet asociado a Leucemia mieloideaguda, iniciando terapia de acuerdo a protocolo.El síndrome de Sweet es una afección cutánea poco frecuente de causa desconocida que se caracteriza por aparición brusca de fiebre, afectación del estado general y lesiones tipo placas o nódulos eritematosos muy dolorosos, con o sin pseudovesículas, de predominio en el hemicuerpo superior. Además, es frecuente leucocitosis, neutrofilia y PCR elevado.
ІДЕЙНА РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦІЯ В ТЕАТРАЛЬНОМУ ЖИТТІ УКРАЇНИ (ДРУГА ПОЛОВИНА 40-х - ПОЧАТОК 50-х РОКІВ ХХ ст.)
Authors: Сірук Наталія
Published: September 2019

На основі вивчення архівних матеріалів, праць узагальнюючого характеру та статей періодичної преси аналізується ідеологічний тиск на театральне життя в Україні другої пол. 40 – поч. 50-х років ХХ ст. Театральне мистецтво республіки набуло яскраво вираженого ідеологізованого характеру, утвердженням єдиного, офіційного підходу до оцінки мистецьких явищ. В останній період сталінщини вийшла низка постанов ЦК КП(б)У з питань літератури та мистецтва, які стали складовою ідеологічних кампаній, відомих під назвою «ждановщини». Вони слугували одним із засобів політико-ідеологічного контролю влади за діяльністю інтелігенції, духовним життям суспільства. Вістря партійної критики спрямовувалося на подолання самобутнього національного змісту, особливогонаціонального колориту української літератури та мистецтва, «викриття українського буржуазного націоналізму».
МАЛИЙ ФОРТЕПІАННИЙ ЦИКЛ У ДОРОБКУ ПОЛЬСЬКИХ КОМПОЗИТОРІВ 1920-х - 1950-х (СТИЛЬОВИЙ АСПЕКТ)
Authors: Стрілецька Ольга
Published: September 2019

Здійснено спробу узагальнення щодо спадкоємності національної традиції, спостереження генеральних тенденцій та рис авторської індивідуальності. На підставі творчості Г. Бацевич, Р. Мацеєвського,П. Перковського, А. Малявського та низки інших польських музикантів окреслено палітру стильових напрямів і ознак індивідуального авторського стилю, притаманних польській фортепіанній творчості окресленого періоду у жанрі малого циклу. Їх єднає спільність творчих установок, що веде від здобутків К. Шимановського (його жанрових пріоритетів, кола образності, синтезу фольклорного начала з модерним музичним словником і композиторсько-технічними засобами).
HYGIENIC CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS NUTRITION RATION IN SECONDARY VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS
Authors: Setko  , Stupina M.Yu. , Setko A.G. , Beylina
Published: September 2019

We carried out the nutrition ration hygienic assessment in two groups of students who are getting an education to become drillers in an oil-gas exploration college. The first group involved students aged 15– 17, 2nd group – students aged 18–20. The diet for students from both groups is intake in below of principles quantitative and qualitative characteristics of balanced diet. The diet of 15–17 years old students (1st group) is described below by the following indicators: fat content is reduced by 40,6 % rate, potassium – by 45,9 %, iodine – by 47,9 %, phosphorus – by 10,1 %, and iron content raised by 35,3% from the physiological norm; in the diet of the 2nd group reduction of fat content by 20,8 %, iodine by 54,9 %, calcium by 35,1 % and overlimited concentration of proteins by 49,3 %, carbohydrates by 28,9 %, iron by 102,9 %, phosphorus by 102,5 % was also found.
THE COMBINED
INFLUENCE'S EVALUATION OF CLIMATIC FACTORS AS RISK FACTORS FOR
PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN
Authors: Rakhmanov R.S. , Kolesov S.А. , Jargalov S.I. , Nepryakhin D.V.
Published: September 2019

The influence of speed and temperature of the air was evaluated in various combinations in Dagestan. At
height of 4m above sea level, the risk of hyperthermia became plausible during 7, the risk of hypothermia
became plausible with combinations of minimum temperature with average (January) and maximum
wind – 5 months. In the period from October to March, there was a moderate or critical risk of frostbite.
At the height of 1 661 m, the risk of hyperthermia became significant during 3–6 months, the risk of
hypothermia was possible during 3–7 months; during winter period with the combinations of minimum
temperature and maximum wind, the risk of freezing injury was critical.
ACOUSTIC SAFETY
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF THE FLIGHT PERSONNEL OF
MANEURABLE AIRCRAFT
Authors: Zinkin V.N. , Dragan S.P. , Soldatov S.K. , Mishchenko A.A.
Published: September 2019

The results of the study of the acoustic safety of professional activities of the maneuverable aviation
flight crew showed that the noise working conditions corresponded to the «harmful» class, and the
infrasound to the «acceptable» class. At the same time, the majority of acoustic conditions in
maneuverable aircraft cockpits are in close proximity to the maximum permissible levels, which
necessitates the implementation of a hygienic monitoring system for the working conditions of the flying
maneuver aircraft with an acoustic factor and the carrying out of preventive measures.
SOCIAL ASPECTS OF MORBIDITY OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B AND C INCIDENCE (SAMARA REGION CASE STUDY)
Authors: Kuznetsova R.S.
Published: September 2019

The research subject is chronic hepatites B and C incidence amongst the Samara region population. We discussed the related social aspects of these infections in the article. The research was carried out on the basis of statistical data on infectious diseases statistical data for 2000–2014, provided by the Department of The Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being (Rospotrebnadzor) of Samara region. The data for 2015–2017 have been analyzed from annually published State Reports «The state of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population in Samara region». During the research, we analyzed the epidemic situation of the diseases and outlined comparative description about the Samara region and Russian Federations incidence rates. We analyzed the ratio of urban and rural population incidence rates and described the age structure of the population incidence in the region. We analyzed the morbidity in three main population groups: younger than working age, working age and older than working age. Comparative analysis of the morbidity was carried out the subjects of Samara region with a high and low level of socio-economic well-being. We gave the degree evaluation of socioeconomic damage from chronic hepatitis B and C and reflected the social significance of these diseases for society. We also offer the ways for problem solution and optimization of the health authorities costs aimed to the decreasing of hepatites incidence.
A Comparative Study Between TPS (Think-Pair-Share) And Jigsaw Techniques to Enhance Studentsâ€™ Reading Comprehension Ability
Authors: Marpaung Glory Destiny Biantice , Pandjaitan Nelson Balisar
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to find out the enhancement of students' reading comprehension between those who were taught using TPS (Think-Pair-Share) technique and those who are taught using the Jigsaw technique. The study discussed the recent developments in reading pedagogy. This study used a quantitative research method and comparative design by measuring the achievement of pre-test and post-test. The result of this study shows that p.value (sig) = 0.187 > Î± (0.05). Therefore, it is concluded that there is no significant difference in the student's reading comprehension ability. Even the difference is not significant, based on the mean score of the classes before and after being taught using those techniques, this study indicates that the use of Think-Pair-Share and Jigsaw can enhance studentsâ€™ reading comprehension ability. The study also provides a new interpretation of existing sources on teaching method and offers new insights of teaching reading method by emphasizing collaborative learning. Keywords: TPS (Think-Pair-Share) and Jigsaw
Agnes Greyâ€™s Search for Self-Identity in Agnes Grey by Anne Bronte
Authors: Rahayuningsih Yanti
Published: September 2019

This study aims to reveal, identify and describe Agnes Grey's search for self-identity. Also, the writer of the thesis wants to show that the situations in Agnes Grey's adolescence period are the same as the real life of the author, Anne Bronte. The research method used is the psychology of literature. The results of the analysis indicated that by using theory from Erik H. Erikson, Agnes Grey found her true self in three stages. Â  Key Words: self-identity, individuation, psychology approach. Â
El poder constituyente como categoría sociopolítica
Authors: Forero-Medina Henry , Fonseca Sandoval José Daniel
Published: September 2019

El presente artículo de reflexión presenta una perspectiva crítica del poder constituyenteentendido de forma restrictivamente jurídica. La teoría hegemónica delderecho contemporánea sustenta que este concepto no tiene relevancia para laciencia jurídica; su dimensión material política no es reconocida y por tanto esdesechada cualquier relación real entre el derecho y lo político. Nuestro propósitoes justificar su carácter constitutivo y potencial, con el fin de reconocer su dimensiónpolítica y emancipatoria. Para tal fin reconstruiremos una noción delpoder constituyente en clave crítica y explicaremos su importancia para el girodecolonial latinoamericano y la realización del constitucionalismo desde abajo(desde los movimientos sociales y culturas subalternas periféricas).
Seguridad hospitalaria y derechos humanos
Authors: De los Rios Ruiz Ángeles , Fuente del Campo Antonio
Published: September 2019

La seguridad sanitaria es, por naturaleza, colectiva y responsabilidad del sistemapúblico de salud. Por lo que está relacionada con de la calidad de atención. Susignificado está orientado a un balance positivo entre riesgos y beneficios, reduciendolos peligros asociados a la atención de salud. El tema de la seguridad esfundamental por sus implicaciones para la salud y la vida del ser humano. Elderecho a la salud es un derecho humano consagrado en tratados internacionalesy en las legislaciones nacionales. El cuidado de la salud ha llegado a ser unanecesidad social y se ha reconocido la necesidad de adoptar programas de seguridadante los riesgos y peligros existentes en el ambiente hospitalario, ya que deno hacerlo se pone en riesgo a todos los que colaboran y hacen uso del hospital,y también al medio ambiente.
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Struktur Modal Pada Perusahaan Subsektor Property dan Real Estate
Authors: Dara Siti Ruhana , Mariah Mariah
Published: September 2019

This study examines the determinants of capital structure. The research object used is companies in the property and real estate sub-sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2015-2017 observation year. With a purposive sampling method, which selects samples based on certain criteria. And selected a sample of 42 companies.  Data analysis uses multiple regression and moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results showed that the firm size and profitability had a significant effect on the capital structure while the asset structure variable had no effect on the capital structure. The study implications can be used by management and investors to determine the capital structure through company size and profitability.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kebijakan Dividen
Authors: Welas Welas , Nugroho Sudiyatno Yudi
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this research is to study the influence of cash position, Total Assets Turnover (TATO), Return On Assets (ROA) and Debt to Total Assets (DTA) on the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR). The sample used in this study is the company incorporated in the Business Index 27 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2017. The technique used in sampling is purposive sampling with secondary data in the form of financial statements. The data analysis tool in this study uses multiple linear regression. Data testing consists of classic assumption and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that the variables TATO and DTA affect the DPR while the variable cash position and ROA have no effect on the DPR. Discussion and implication were suggested in the paper.
Model hubungan informasi non keuangan dengan initial return dan return saham 7 hari
Authors: Rahmanto Basuki Toto
Published: September 2019

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the initial return and return of shares after 7 days after the initial public offering of companies that went public on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2011-2015. This research is causal design research. The data source of this research is a list of listed companies that made an initial public offering in 2011-2015 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and a list of initial stock prices, stock prices on the first day and stock prices 7 working days after the IPO on the secondary market. As well as auditor reputation data, ownership retention, and company age. The results of the simultaneous regression analysis show that all the independent variables together affect the initial return.
Négociations territoriales et identitaires au Xinjiang (Chine) : le cas de la patrimonialisation des tombeaux musulmans
Authors: Bugnon Pascale
Published: September 2019

Résumé Cet article examine la patrimonialisation des tombeaux de saints musulmans au Xinjiang, en décrivant les différentes tensions, accommodations et négociations résultant d’une telle pratique. Ce processus fait apparaître une scène complexe dans laquelle le sentiment d’appartenance identitaire lié à la préservation est diversement déployé par des catégories d’acteurs différentes. La confrontation de ces différents niveaux de discours permet ainsi de saisir de quelle façon peut se manifester l’appartenance au Xinjiang à travers les procédés alternatifs d’énoncer et de pratiquer le patrimoine.
Le personnage de saga et le sujet médiéval
Authors: Tulinius Torfi H.
Published: September 2019

Dans cet article il est question de l’opposition entre attitudes chrétiennes et païennes, telle qu’elle est représentée dans les sagas islandaises du xiii e  siècle. Au lieu de voir celle-ci comme la persistance d’un paganisme larvé, les sagas sont considérées comme étant l’expression d’un conflit des normes dans une société où les classes dominantes laïques sont contraintes à la violence pour défendre leur position mais subissent également des pressions d’une Église militante. Quatre sagas sont étudiées de ce point de vue. Deux décrivent des événements contemporains aux auteurs du xiii e  siècle, alors que les deux autres mettent en scène des personnages ayant vécu pendant la période de la conversion aux x e  et xi e  siècles. Ces dernières mettent en scène cette transition comme une opposition entre paganisme et christianisme, mais sous la surface il est question de l’opposition entre deux ensembles de normes dont le conflit a conduit à l’émergence du sujet médiéval.
Le « Tombeau à Colonnes » de Koumbi Saleh (Hodh oriental, Mauritanie)
Authors: Saison Bernard , Richir Claude , Polet Jean
Published: September 2019

Connu et partiellement fouillé depuis le début du XXe siècle, le « Tombeau à colonnes » de Koumbi Saleh n’avait jamais fait l’objet d’observations et relevés précis. Après avoir résumé l’historique des fouilles du tombeau lui-même, cet article propose, pour la première fois, un plan et une description très précis des murs et des traces au sol –tombes, bâtiments, emplacements des fouilles anciennes et de leurs tas de déblais. Un petit sondage pratiqué pendant cette campagne de 1972 a permis d’entrevoir une histoire complexe, et longue, de ce monument et de ses enclos. À l’intérieur de l’un d’entre eux, sous une tombe « classique », a été mis au jour un petit monument funéraire érigé sur un sol dallé, au toit à double pente, contenant un corps desséché. Trois périodes sont ainsi mises en évidence dans ce simple sondage : érection d’un mausolée, ennoiement de ce dernier, inhumations tardives dans ce sol de remblai. La description des nécropoles vastes et nombreuses qui sont associées au site du « Tombeau à colonnes » et à celui de la ville de Koumbi Saleh conclut l’article.
Les fils à double tête en alliage à base de cuivre de Koumbi Saleh (Mauritanie)
Authors: Garenne-Marot Laurence , Mille Benoît
Published: September 2019

Fouilles et sondages opérés à Koumbi Saleh (sud-est de la Mauritanie) ont livré, parmi le matériel en métal à base de cuivre, des petits fils qui se distinguent aisément des autres objets de cuivre par leur forme relativement standardisée : un fil épaissi aux deux bouts. Ces fils ont été retrouvés dans toutes les fouilles conduites sur le tell central du site et les archéologues s’accordent à voir dans ces fils une monnaie divisionnaire, interprétation confortée par le récit d’Ibn Battutah, voyageur arabe du XIVe s. qui évoque l’usage de barres de cuivre pour le règlement des petites transactions dans la ville de Takedda. En étudiant ces petits objets –peu spectaculaires mais fortement signifiants– à travers l’éclairage des textes en langue arabe, celui des données archéologiques et de composition élémentaire du métal, nous présentons une discussion plus large sur la valeur du cuivre dans l’empire de Ghana et hors de l’empire, et sur certains changements économiques qui interviennent dans l’Extrême-Ouest africain après le milieu du XIe s. Ces fils, de surcroît, témoigneraient, bien avant qu’elle ne soit certifiée par les textes, d’une exploitation « médiévale » de gisements cuprifères ouest africains.
Les bovins de la fosse médiévale de Tiya (Éthiopie) : dépôt rituel ou banquet funéraire ?
Authors: Lesur Joséphine
Published: September 2019

L’analyse archéozoologique des restes fauniques de la Fosse médiévale de Tiya (Éthiopie) a révélé la présence exclusive de bovins. Au moins quatre individus adultes ont été retrouvés comprenant probablement des mâles, des femelles et des castrés. Les résultats de l’analyse attestent d’un abattage et d’une consommation des animaux sur place. L’association de ces résultats avec les données anthropologiques provenant de l’étude du cimetière à stèles contigu à la fosse, suggèrent un lien possible entre l’utilisation des bovins et les inhumations.
Statistical Processing of Different Sounds of Vocalizing Fish and Mammals to Estimate Their Population Size With Two Acoustic Sensors
Authors: Hossain Shaik Asif , Hossen Monir
Published: September 2019

AbstractFish and mammals have an enormous impact on marine ecosystems. A proper estimation of their population size is necessary, not only for their ecological values but also for commercial purposes. Most conventional techniques for estimating fish population are visual
sampling techniques, the environmental DNA (eDNA) technique, minnow traps, the removal method of population estimation, and echo integration techniques, all of which are sometimes complex and costly, require human interaction, and can be harmful for marine species. In order to overcome these
limitations, in this paper, a passive acoustic fishery monitoring technique is proposed as an alternative. The method is based on a statistical signal processing technique called “cross-correlation” and different types of sounds—namely, chirps, grunts, growls, clicks, and
so forth—produced by fish and mammals. Our goal was not only to propose an efficient technique for fish population estimation but also to measure its performance for different fish sounds by using numerical simulations. From the analyses of simulated results, we found that the chirp
sound-generating species produced better results than the other two types of sound-generating species—the grunt- and growl-generating species.
Nuclear Batteries for Maritime Applications
Authors: Hamilton Ian , Patel Nisarg
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe large size of the ocean stretches the capability of conventional power sources beyond their limits. Chemical batteries simply do not have enough energy density to power underwater unmanned vehicles (UUVs) for hundreds of miles or oceanic sensors for months on
end. Wave and solar energy harvesters are traditionally limited to the surface and cannot provide power to deep water devices. A new type of power supply must be developed if the deep oceans are to be completely mapped and explored. One source of energy that has the power density needed is
that of the radioisotope power supply or nuclear battery. This concept draws on the benefits of nuclear power in batteries—just like nuclear submarines use nuclear reactors. Nuclear batteries have energy densities thousands of times greater than chemical cells and can provide power nonstop
for months to centuries, depending on the isotope used. Radioisotope batteries do not suffer from the temperature and pressure limitations that conventional batteries do. However, current nuclear battery designs are far too expensive for commercial use and are limited to high-profile applications
like space power. A new type of nuclear power supply needs to be developed in order to completely take advantage of radioisotope battery benefits. The authors are developing such a system that makes use of the thermionic energy conversion to create an efficient, cost-effective, and safe nuclear
battery, specifically for oceanic applications.
Adipocytokines in metabolically healthy obesity
Authors: Shulkina Sofia G. , Smirnova Elena N. , Yudin Maxim I. , Osadchuk Mikhail A. , Trushin Maxim V.
Published: September 2019

The aim of the investigation was to study the relationship among adipokines, markers of subclinical inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with metabolic healthy obesity (MHO). The study included 50 persons aged 25-50 years with obesity in the absence of metabolic disorders (International Diabetes Federation criteria, 2005, marked as MHO), the control group consisted of 50 healthy respondents without obesity. We studied clinical and biochemical parameters, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), levels of leptin, soluble leptin receptors (sLR), resistin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP-hs), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), von Willebrand factor, free leptin index was calculated in a formula (FLI = leptin × 100 / sLR). In MHO patients, independently of HOMA-IR index, there was an increase in leptin, FLI, resistin, VEGF, and IL-6 parameters. The concentration of CRP-hs and TNF-α in MHO group with HOMA-IR ≥2.7 was increased. Systolic blood pressure correlated with leptin level (r=0.43, P<0.05), FLI (r=0.54; P=0.01), TNF-α (r=0.44; P<0.05) and IL-6 (r=0.33; P<0.05); diastolic blood pressure - with leptin level (r=0.35, P<0.05). Links between high density lipoproteins and leptin (r=–0.55 and r=–0.60; P<0.01), resistin (r=0.32; P<0.05 and r=0.60; P<0.01) and VEGF (r=–0.70, P<0.01) were established. The VEGF level correlated with HOMA-IR (r=0.62; P<0.01), leptin (r=0.29; P<0.05), FLI (r=0.50; P<0.05), resistin (r=0.70; P<0.01), IL-6 (r=0.74, P<0.01) and ET-1 (r=0.29; P<0.05). Obese patients without metabolic disorders, having normotension and normal insulin sensitivity, are less influenced to adverse cardiovascular risks due to less expressed hormonal and inflammatory activation of adipose tissue and, as a result, less pronounced endothelial dysfunction. While insulin resistance develops, cardiovascular risk increases due to activation of subclinical inflammation, angiogenic endothelial dysfunction and leptin resistance.
Investigations on radioelements occurrences in rocks in Kakuri Area of Kaduna North West, Nigeria
Authors: Adamu A , Ahmed A.L.
Published: September 2019

Detailed investigations on Radioelements occurrences in rocks in Kakuri Area Kaduna North West Nigeria were carried out in this work using Geochemical ground follow-up methods. The methods employed include Atomic Absorption Spectrometric (AAS) and Assay of rock samples from the area. Fresh rock samples were collected with hammer and identified as follows: Granite gneiss, Granite, Migmatites and Gneiss. Analysis was made on the powdered rock samples and histograms were plotted to determine the activity of Radioelement concentrations: Potassium, Thorium and Uranium in each of the samples analyzed. Results of the investigations showed high concentration of potassium (40K) and other Radioelements, thorium and uranium in the area. Generally, the results delineate the three Radioelements in terms of their anomaly  pattern within the study area.Keywords: Geochemical Survey; Aeroradiometric Anomaly; Fresh Rocks; Radioelements and Kakuri Area
Numerical solution of initial value problems by rational interpolation method using Chebyshev polynomials
Authors: Oboyi J , Ekoro S.E. , Bukie P.T.
Published: September 2019

In this research, a modified rational interpolation method for the numerical solution of initial value problem is presented. The proposed method is obtained by fitting the classical rational interpolation formula in Chebyshev polynomials leading to a new stability function and new scheme. Three numerical test problems are presented in other to test the efficiency of the proposed method. The numerical result for each test problem is compared with the exact solution. The approximate solutions are show competitiveness with the exact solutions of the ODEs throughout the solution interval.Keywords and Phrases: Chebyshev polynomial, Rational Interpolation, Minimaxpolynomial, Initial Value Problems and Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs)
Removal of nutrients and organic pollutants from domestic wastewater treatment by sponge-based moving bed biofilm reactor
Authors: Nhut Huynh Tan , Hung Nguyen Tri Quang , Sac Tran Cong , Bang Nguyen Huynh Khanh , Quang Tri Tran , Trung Hiep Nguyen , Minh Ky Nguyen
Published: September 2019

This study evaluates the efficiency of domestic wastewater treatment via Sponge-Based Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (S-MBBR). The laboratory-based treatment plan uses polyurethane sponge with a specific surface area was 260 m2/m3 as a carrier. The treatment plan operated under four different organic load rate: OLR1 = 0.4 kg BOD/m3.day; OLR2 = 0.6 kg BOD/m3.day; OLR3 = 0.8 kg BOD/m3.day; and OLR4 = 1.0 kg BOD/m3.day. During 80 d of the experiment, the highest treatment efficiency was at the organic load rate of 0.4 kg BOD/m3.day, with COD, SS, TN and TP were found to be 85.0 ± 12.9%, 85.7 ± 5.3%, 68.9 ± 1.7%, and 40.3 ± 0.2%, respectively. In which, the influent SS concentration were from 117.3 to 126.0 mg/L, the effluent concentration were in ranged 18.0 to 34.22 mg/L, respectively. The values of influent and effluent COD were 298.8 ± 12.88 and 44.8 ± 3.78 mg/L in turn. The OLR1 influent TN, TP concentrations were respectively 47.9 ± 2.11 and 3.6 ± 0.15 mg/L; the effluent TN, TP concentration were 14.9 ± 0.18 and 2.2 ± 0.06 mg/L, respectively. The study suggests that the effluent is within the allowable limits of National technical regulation on domestic wastewater (Column B1), indicating the applicability of S-MBBR for the domestic wastewater treatment plant.
Analysis of total column CO2 and CH4 measurements in Berlin with WRF-GHG
Authors: Zhao Xinxu , Marshall Julia , Hachinger Stephan , Gerbig Christoph , Frey Matthias , Hase Frank , Chen Jia
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Though they cover less than 3 % of the global land area, urban areas are responsible for over 70 % of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and contain 55 % of the global population. A quantitative tracking of GHG emissions in urban areas is therefore of great importance, with the aim of accurately assessing the amount of emissions and identifying the emission sources. The Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) coupled with GHG modules (WRF-GHG) developed for mesoscale atmospheric GHG transport can predict column-averaged abundances of CO2 and CH4 (XCO2 and XCH4). In this study, we use WRF-GHG to model
the Berlin area at a high spatial resolution of 1 km. The simulated wind and concentration fields were compared with the measurements from a campaign performed around Berlin in 2014 (Hase et al., 2015). The measured and simulated wind fields mostly demonstrate good agreement. The simulated XCO2 shows quite similar trends with the measurement but with approximately 1 ppm bias, while a bias in the simulated XCH4 of around 2.7 % is found. The bias could potentially be the result of relatively high background concentrations, the errors at the tropopause height, etc. We find that an analysis using differential column methodology (DCM) works well for the XCH4 comparison, as corresponding background biases are then canceled out. From the tracer analysis, we find that the enhancement of XCH4 is highly dependent on human activities. The XCO2 enhancement in the vicinity of Berlin is dominated by anthropogenic behavior rather than biogenic activities. We conclude that DCM is an effective method for comparing models to observations independently of biases caused, e.g., by initial conditions. It allows us to use our high-resolution WRF-GHG model to detect and understand major sources of GHG emissions in urban areas.
The role of aerosol-cloud interactions in linking anthropogenic pollution over southern West Africa and dust emission over the Sahara
Authors: Menut Laurent , Tuccella Paolo , Flamant Cyrille , Deroubaix Adrien , Gaetani Marco
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The aerosol direct and indirect effects are studied over West Africa in the summer of 2016 using the coupled WRF-CHIMERE regional model including aerosol-cloud interaction parametrization. First, a reference simulation is performed and compared with observations acquired during the Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) field campaign which took place in June and July 2016. Sensitivity experiments are also designed to gain insights into the impact of the aerosols dominating the atmospheric composition in southern West Africa (one simulation with halved anthropogenic emissions and one with halved mineral dust emissions). The most important effect of aerosol-cloud interactions is found for the mineral dust scenario and it is shown that halving the emissions of mineral dust decreases the 2-m temperature by 0.5 K and the boundary layer height by 25 m in monthly average and over the Saharan region. The presence of dust aerosols also increases (resp. decreases) the shortwave (resp. longwave) radiation at the surface by 25 W/m2. It is also shown that the decrease of anthropogenic emissions along the coast has an impact on the mineral dust load over West Africa by increasing their emissions in Saharan region. It is due to a mechanism where particulate matter concentrations are decreased along the coast, imposing a latitudinal shift of the monsoonal precipitation, and, in turn, an increase of the surface wind speed over arid areas, inducing more mineral dust emissions.
The Structure of Turbulence and mixed-phase Cloud Microphysics in a Highly Supercooled Altocumulus Cloud
Authors: Barrett Paul A. , Blyth Alan , Brown Philip R. A. , Abel Steven J.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Observations of vertically resolved turbulence and cloud microphysics in a mixed-phase altocumulus cloud are presented using in situ measurements from an instrumented aircraft. The turbulence spectrum is observed to have an increasingly negative skewness with distance below cloud top, confirming that longwave radiative cooling from the liquid layer cloud is the source of turbulence kinetic energy. Turbulence data are presented from both the liquid cloud layer and ice virga below. Vertical profiles of both bulk and microphysical liquid and ice cloud properties indicate that ice is produced within the liquid cloud layer at a temperature of −30 °C. These high resolution in situ measurements support previous remotely-sensed observations from both ground based and space borne instruments, and could be used to evaluate numerical model simulations of altocumulus clouds at all scales from eddy resolving to climate.
Determination of n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and hopanes in atmospheric aerosol: evaluation and comparison of thermal desorption GC-MS and solvent extraction GC-MS approaches
Authors: Wang Meng , Huang Ru-Jin , Cao Junji , Dai Wenting , Zhou Jiamao , Lin Chunshui , Ni Haiyan , Duan Jing , Wang Ting , Chen Yang , Li Yongjie , Chen Qi , El Haddad Imad , Hoffmann Thorsten
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Organic aerosol (OA) constitutes a large fraction of fine
particulate matter (PM) in the urban air. However, the chemical nature and
sources of OA are not well constrained. Quantitative analysis of OA is
essential for understanding the sources and atmospheric evolution of fine
PM, which requires accurate quantification of some organic compounds (e.g.,
markers). In this study, two analytical approaches, i.e., thermal desorption
(TD) gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and solvent extract (SE)
GC-MS, were evaluated for the determination of n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hopanes in ambient aerosol. For the SE approach,
the recovery obtained is 89.3 %–101.5 %, the limits of detection (LODs) are
0.05–1.1 ng (1.5–33.9 ng m−3), repeatability is 3.5 %–14.5 % and
reproducibility is 1.2 %–10.9 %. For the TD approach, the recovery is
57.2 %–109.8 %, the LODs are 0.1–1.9 ng (0.04–0.9 ng m−3),
repeatability is 2.1 %–19.4 % and reproducibility is 1.1 %–12.9 %. Ambient
aerosol samples were collected from Beijing, Chengdu, Shanghai and
Guangzhou during the winter of 2013 and were analyzed by the two methods.
After considering the recoveries, the two methods show a good agreement with
a high correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.98) and a slope close
to unity. The concentrations of n-alkanes, PAHs and hopanes are found to be
much higher in Beijing than those in Chengdu, Shanghai and Guangzhou, most
likely due to emissions from traffic and/or coal combustion for wintertime
heating in Beijing.
Development of an improved two-sphere integration technique
for quantifying black carbon concentrations in the atmosphere
and seasonal snow
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhang Xueying
Published: September 2019

Abstract. An improved two-sphere integration (TSI) technique has been developed to quantify black carbon (BC) concentrations in the atmosphere and seasonal snow. The major advantage of this system is that it combines two distinct spheres to reduce the scattering effect due to light-absorbing particles, and thus provides accurate determinations of total light absorption from BC collected on Nuclepore filters. The TSI technique can be calibrated using a series of 15 filter samples of standard fullerene soot. This technique quantifies the mass of BC by separating the spectrally resolved total light absorption into BC and non-BC fractions. To assess the accuracy of the improved system, an empirical procedure for measuring BC concentrations by a two-step thermal–optical method is also applied. Laboratory results indicate that BC concentrations determined using the TSI technique and theoretical calculations are well correlated, whereas the thermal–optical method underestimates BC concentrations by 35 %–45 %. Assessments of the two methods for atmospheric and snow samples revealed excellent agreement, with least-squares regression lines with slopes of 1.72 (r2 = 0.67) and 0.84 (r2 = 0.93), respectively. However, the TSI technique is more accurate in quantifications of BC concentrations in both the atmosphere and seasonal snow, with an overall lower uncertainty. Using the improved TSI technique, we find that light absorption due to BC plays a dominant role, relative to non-BC light absorption, in both the atmosphere (68.5 %–95.9 % of total light absorption) and seasonal snow (52.3 %–93.3 %) over northern China.