bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feios, sujos e muito, muito malvados
Authors: Russo Maurizio
Published: March 2021

É possível analisar, numa perspectiva diacrônica, a evolução do imaginário fílmico sobre as migrações. Existe um cinema militante (sobretudo nas últimas três/quatro décadas) que é fruto do trabalho e da reflexão de diretores ou grupos de pesquisa (produção de documentários, por exemplo) preocupados com o fenômeno migratório. Mas existe no cinema hollywoodiano clássico, aquele cinema hegemônico que inunda as salas do mundo inteiro, uma forma estereotipada de ver os migrantes. Esta produção de estereótipos condiciona a própria história do cinema e a evolução cinematográfica do século XX e XXI. Quais são as imagens, os estereótipos, as banalizações com as quais foi arquivada a figura do migrante no cinema hollywoodiano? Neste artigo traçamos uma breve introdução sobre a visão de italianos e latinos no cinema dos Estados Unidos, enfatizando o nascimento dos estereótipos sobre os migrantes.
As interações entre Relações Internacionais e Migrações Internacionais e os desafios para a soberania do Estado no atual contexto globalizado
Authors: Chiarello Leonir Mário
Published: March 2021

Este artigo mostra que a limitada interação entre as relações internacionais e o fenômeno das migrações é determinada pelo paradigma estatal e nacional através do qual se definem as teorias sobre as relações internacionais e as migrações, apesar da natureza transnacional destas últimas. Para superar o determinismo de tal paradigma estatal e nacional, o artigo propõe a governança global e ética das migrações internacionais como um novo paradigma de interação entre as relações internacionais e as migrações internacionais.
Entre o rural e o urbano
Authors: Maciel Lidiane M.
Published: March 2021

O artigo aborda as questões derivadas do processo migratório de famílias de pequenos agricultores do semiárido nordestino para o trabalho na citricultura paulista. Toma como campo de estudo os municípios de Matão, na região central do estado de São Paulo, e Jaicós, no sudeste piauiense. As reflexões surgem do trabalho de campo realizado de março a julho de 2012 e atentam para as condições de vida dessa população sujeita a idas e vindas desencadeadas pelo processo migratório, ocasionado por sua situação de pobreza.
A Itália e o Racismo disfarçado
Authors: Spagnuolo Dario
Published: March 2021

A acolhida e a hospitalidade são consideradas uma das características próprias da identidade italiana. Nos últimos anos, contudo, gravíssimos episódios de racismo demonstraram que em relação aos imigrantes existe um clima de ameaça que pareceria ter sido agravado pela crise econômica. Não obstante isto, o problema do racismo foi redimensionado pelos policy maker e pela mídia, que são exatamente aqueles que mais se lançam contra os imigrantes, acusados de ameaçar o bem-estar e a segurança. Junto ao multiplicar-se das agressões contra os mesmos, numerosas leis criminalizaram a pobreza e empurraram a população estrangeira à margem da legalidade. Este artigo tem por objetivo explicar as razões da falha da Itália em reconhecer o problema do racismo, bem como sua falta de habilidade e falta de vontade de lidar com ele. Por quanto tempo poderá continuar esta situação antes de desembocar num aberto conflito social?
Nuevos destinos de la migración africana reciente
Authors: Zubrzycki Bernarda
Published: March 2021

Con este trabajo pretendemos aportar al conocimiento de un nuevo fenómeno vinculado a la movilidad humana: las migraciones africanas subsaharianas hacia Sudamérica en general, y migraciones senegalesas hacia Argentina en particular. Nos centraremos en caracterizar la migración senegalesa hacia Argentina, las motivaciones para migrar y las formas de ingresar al país.
Sair do sertão, viver nele
Authors: Paula Andréa Maria Narciso Rocha de
Published: March 2021

Desde o povoamento, perpassando diversos ciclos, as migrações constituíram e constituem uma das principais marcas da região norte de Minas Gerais, caracterizada como área de sertão. Este artigo busca analisar as transformações havidas nas pessoas e nos lugares, valendo-se de depoimentos e descrevendo as formas como se deu o êxodo das populações, primeiramente através das águas do São Francisco, posteriormente pelos trilhos e, na sequência, pela estrada, antes nos paus-de-arara e depois através dos ônibus. Mas as migrações sertanejas não são de mão única: envolveram e envolvem idas e vindas, temporárias e definitivas; campo e cidade; movimentos para fora e no interior da região, ontem e hoje caracterizados pela busca da sobrevivência.
Dicotomías, identificaciones y migraciones en las Américas
Authors: Chiarello Leonir Mário
Published: March 2021

Este artículo analiza el rol de las migraciones en identificaciones dicotómicas entre América  del Norte y América Latina. Considerando las migraciones internacionales como factores y, al  mismo tiempo, consecuencia de las narrativas histórico-culturales dicotómicas entre América  del Norte y América Latina, el artículo concentra su análisis en tres momentos históricos  específicos durante los cuales las migraciones internacionales y las identificaciones dicotómicas  interactuaron en forma más evidente: a) fines del siglo XIX, cuando ingresaron significativos  contingentes de migrantes europeos al continente americano, b) siglo XX, cuando Estados  Unidos se convirtió en el nuevo “Norte” de la migración continental, y c) el periodo actual, en  el que los inmigrantes latinoamericanos residentes en Estados Unidos son percibidos como  una amenaza para la seguridad nacional y cultural.
Novas rotas na migração Sul-Sul
Authors: Daniel Camila
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a dinâmica de mobilidade dos peruanos para o Brasil. Analisando seu perfil e as principais motivações que os impulsionam a ir para o exterior, indica-se que, ao contrário do que o senso comum imagina, a população peruana no Brasil é diversa e heterogênea, incluindo desde trabalhadores em atividades informais, até profissionais altamente qualificados, oriundos das mais diferentes partes do país, com múltiplos níveis de escolaridade, que (re)produzem uma «cultura de migração». O artigo se baseia em pesquisa bibliográfica e no trabalho de campo realizado com peruanos no Rio de Janeiro.
Diaspora missiology: Theory,methodology and practice
Authors: Dornelas Sidnei Marco
Published: March 2021

O campo dos estudos em torno da mobilidade humana se alarga cada vez mais, e se redimensiona na mesma medida em que novas realidades surgem no horizonte de experiências que ela proporciona. Como exemplo disso, temos o aparecimento deste livro entre os estudos sociorreligiosos e teológicos, que busca introduzir uma nova disciplina no ramo da missiologia, ou da teoria e prática da missão cristã: a missiologia da diáspora. Seu autor e organizador, Enoch Wan, é remanescente ele próprio da nova realidade social, religiosa e acadêmica, engendrada pela diáspora contemporânea. Oriundo da grande diáspora chinesa, sua família aderiu ao protestantismo ainda em sua região de origem, na China. Com ela migrou aos Estados Unidos, onde se tornou professor de estudos interculturais e liderança da Evangelical Missiological Society. Em sua atuação religiosa e acadêmica foi articulando grupos de estudos missiológicos entre América do Norte e Ásia. Foi no âmbito desses grupos, com membros de diferentes confissões protestantes e o mesmo perfil social e religioso, na primeira década deste século, que teve uma participação ativa na gestação de uma nova forma de pensar a missiologia cristã, a Diapora Missiology. O itinerário desta proposta de reflexão, sua articulação e principais eventos, pode ser acompanhado numa busca pela internet (cf. ). Como um dos resultados desse processo, este livro organizado por Enoch Wan reúne autores de diferentes origens nacionais e étnicas, e que se integram nesse processo de reflexão. Eles expressam a preocupação comum de como evangelizar em meio a povos desenraizados em diáspora, compartilhando práticas missionárias que se desenvolvem nesse sentido.
Participação e representação na 1ª Conferência sobre Migrações e Refúgio no Distrito Federal
Authors: Ruano Elizabeth , Botega Tuíla
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho se analisa o processo conferencial de Migrações e Refúgio realizado no Distrito Federal. O estudo se apoiou na observação participante e na análise de documentos oficiais à luz dos conceitos de participação e representação. A análise revelou que as migrações internacionais e o refúgio constituem fenômenos com certa invisibilidade no Distrito Federal. Por isso, são relevantes os cenários de sensibilização propiciados pela conferência nessa localidade. Nesse sentido, o reconhecimento dos migrantes, refugiados e organizações da sociedade civil que defendem seus direitos constitui um avanço significativo conquistado nessa conferência.
A imigração Armênia no Brasil e as comunidades em São Paulo
Authors: Freitas Sonia Maria de
Published: March 2021

Este estudo tem por objetivo buscar o contexto histórico que determinou a vinda de armênios para o Brasil, sobretudo para o estado de São Paulo, bem como apresentar a história dessa imigração e a conseqüente constituição deste grupo étnico, tendo como base as narrativas e relatos dos próprios imigrantes e descendentes. Partindo do registro de suas memórias, na perspectiva de reconstruir parte da história social do processo imigratório para São Paulo, este artigo procura evidenciar a história dos armênios, particularmente os traços culturais e de que maneira este grupo étnico (re) construiu e vivenciou a sua identidade no país adotivo.
"É como pertencer a um lugar que nunca foi seu." Deportados negociando imobilidade involuntária e condições de retorno a Cabo Verde
Authors: Drotbohm Heike , Mitsuishi Yara
Published: March 2021

Baseado em pesquisa antropológica em Cabo Verde, um pequeno país insular no oeste africano, este capítulo trata da deportação de migrantes não cidadãos e seu retorno involuntário para seus países de origem. Esta ação estatal atualmente constitui um elemento importante na conexão de sociedades e práticas estatais principalmente na Europa ou na América do Norte, com a subsistência no chamado Sul Global. Enquanto alguns desses migrantes deportados permaneceram nos países de destino por alguns meses ou anos, antes de serem retornados pela força do Estado, muitos passaram os anos de formação no exterior. Portanto, no dia de sua chegada, seus países de origem pareceram lugares estrangeiros, com línguas, códigos de conduta social e hábitos de consumos não familiares. Este artigo aborda o modo específico de retorno dessas pessoas, seus esforços de reintegração, suas habilidades em utilizar as experiências de migração anteriores para construir novas relações sociais, e sua renegociação de pertencimento em campos sociais transnacionais.
Ao fim desta estrada...
Authors: Costa Lucas Florêncio
Published: March 2021

- Não vou criar meus filhos no cabo da enxada! Nóis tem é que ir pro Sul, Neco. Nesse roçado não dá mais não. Socorrinho tá que não se aguenta aqui e eu não quero perder mais um fil...[...]
A face feminina na migração “permanentemente” temporária no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Maciel Lidiane , Pereira Giovana Gonçalves
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a face feminina nos processos migratórios “permanentemente” temporários (SILVA, 1992) na Região Administrativa Central do Estado de São Paulo nos anos recentes. A abordagem metodológica fundamentou-se na aplicação de técnicas qualitativas que privilegiaram entrevistas semiestruturadas e biografias migratórias com familiares de trabalhadores rurais do setor citrícola da referida região. Para tanto, foram realizadas pesquisas de campo nos municípios de São Carlos e Matão no interior paulista e Jaicós no interior piauiense. Nossa hipótese central é de que os processos migratórios alteram profundamente a posição das mulheres em relação às suas famílias e em suas comunidades de origem, lançando-as num jogo de recomposição de suas identidades sociais.
O trabalho dignifica o homem, o trabalho escraviza o homem
Authors: Travessia Revista
Published: March 2021

Quer dizer que a dignidade só trabalho numa sociedade marcada pela vigência do regime escravagista? Calcada num modo de produção que, não apenas aliena o tabalhador mas o submete, estruturamente, a perseguir um mera sobrevivência? De um modelo de desenvolvimento que não apenas exclui o trabalhador da participação na rena, mas que tende a afastá-lo da possibilidade de acesso ao próprio trabalho? Enfim, de uma sociedade que teima em seguir curso passando ao largo das urgentíssimas reformas que se fazem necessárias a nível estrutural?[...]
Família ou Famílias?...
Authors: Travessia Revista
Published: March 2021

Quem de nós não ouve ou não faz, frequentemente, referências ao termo família? Seu emprego parpassa os mais diversos momentos e contextos, indo desde a simples saudação de dois compadres na rua até os institutos de pesquisa sócio-econômica, além de ser prato cheio para muitos sermões domenicais. Entretanto, entre a simples utilização da palavra e a compreensão que se possa ter da mesma, nem sempre o caminho é curto. [...]
A "Crise familiar" no Brasil hoje
Authors: Goldani Ana Maria
Published: March 2021

De cada 100 brasilieros adultos, 46 consideram que a família no Brasil hoje é uma instituição falida e que já não cumpre com seu papel de provedora de afeto e recursos econômicos necessários aos seus membros. Estás opiniões, resultado de uma pesquisa recente, são objeto de uma discussão bastante generalizada no Brasil e em outros contextos. De fato, a idéia de que a importância da família diminuiu para os seus membros e de que a instituição familiar está em dificuldades e ameaçada representa um dos poucos temas de consenso no Brasil hoje. [...]
Literatura regional
Authors: Pereira Socorro
Published: March 2021

Os recentes estudos sistemáticos sobre a família no Brasil têm demonstrado que é concepção de uma estrutura familiar patriarcal não responde adequadamente às questões a respeito da temática. Da forma como bem expõe Marisa CORRÊA, a família no Brasil não mantém realmente uma unidade de formas de organização.[...]
Mudanças e transição em família de camadas médias
Authors: Romanelli Geraldo
Published: March 2021

A família nuclear, considerada por marido, esposa e filhos, considerada unidade duradoura e forma modelar da vida doméstica das camadas médias, vem passando por certas alterações que suscitam indagações acerca dos motivos que impulsionam as modificações e de seus efeitos sobre a estabilidade e a continuidade do modelo nuclear. Presentes no cotidiano, essas mudanças- que, às vezes, ocorre o mode tênue e hesitante e, outras vezes, expressa-se mais intensamente-, manifesta-se nas formas de sociabilidade entre os camponetes da unidade doméstica em que suas represemtações, isto é, nas imagens e idéias existentes sobre a família. [...]
A survey of Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae (Diptera) in semideciduous seasonal forest, Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Barros de Souza Alex Sandro , Magalhães de Souza Marcos , Pereira Gomes Patrícia , Nery da Silva Jean Victor , Kaulfuss Bertinoti Giuliano , Mota de Almeida José Adolfo
Published: March 2021

Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae include Diptera species that are good indicators of changes in forest environments. The present work aimed to inventory the Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae in Ilha Grande National Park and correlate the abundance of these organisms with environmental variables. Adult dipterans were collected during two expeditions in 2019 using two sampling methods, a Malaise trap and baited traps, distributed on two islands in the park. During the study, 1,007 individuals of 12 species of Calliphoridae and four species of Mesembrinellidae were collected. Family Calliphoridae was more abundant (97.12%). The abundance of native species showed a strong negative correlation with the abundance of the genus Chrysomya. Rodrigues Island (Island I) had higher diversity levels and no species of Chrysomya were recorded in this area, which may indicate a greater degree of environmental preservation. The results indicate that human action in natural environments can negatively impact species diversity, as found in Ilha Grande National Park that, historically, was partially occupied and is still in the process of regeneration.
Isolation of Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus in Surface Water Sources in Katabi Subcounty, Wakiso District.
Authors:   , Mabonga Habert
Published: March 2021

Background: Unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, and insufficient hygiene account for an estimated 9.1 percent of the global burden of disease and 6.3 percent of all deaths. This study aimed to isolate Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus in surface water sources in Katabi Subcounty, Wakiso District. The specific objectives were to isolate E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus in water sources in the Katabi sub-county and to determine the physico-chemical parameters of the water sources. Methodology: A cross-sectional and snowball sampling method was applied while collecting water samples from the wells, boreholes, and other groundwater in the selected areas of Wakiso District (Katabi division, and Kajjasi division). Results:  A total of 34 (n=34) water samples were obtained including borehole water 61.8% (n1=21/34), spring water 11.8% (n2=4/34) and open well water 26.4% (n3=9/34). Freshwater samples were directly analyzed from the water source for pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, then different means of physic-chemical parameters were recorded, Mean temperature for open well water was 23.5°C±1.092, pH=5.21±0.432, and dissolved oxygen was 4.075±1. 555). The mean temperature for spring water was 22.98°C±0.907, pH=5.7± 0.781, and dissolved oxygen was 4.075±1.555. For borehole water, the mean temperature was 22.9°C±1.339, pH=5.7±1.441, and dissolved oxygen was 4.9±1.549). A total of 10 samples fermented MSA after overnight incubation at 37°C changing the media color from pink to yellow, borehole water samples were 60% (6), spring water samples were 20% (2) and open well water samples were 20% (2). Also, S. saprophyticus 76.9% (10) and S.epidermidis 23.1% (3) were identified. Conclusion and recommendation: All the samples analyzed did not show growth of E.coli and S.aureus but had other organisms including S.saprophyticus and S.epidermidis which could be harmful to human health when consumed. Further investigation of possible pathogenic organisms that are present in drinking water under the acidic pH should be done.
In Vitro Anti-Microbial Activity of Aqueous and Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Justicia flava and Tephrosia vogelii that grows in Uganda.
Authors:   , MASETE GEORGE ALFRED
Published: March 2021

Background: Medicinal plants and plant-derived medicines are increasingly becoming popular in modern society as natural alternatives to synthetic chemicals due to increased resistance to drugs by microbes. There is a need to search for new active compounds to validate the medicines used traditionally. The study was carried out on the aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Justicia flava and Tephrosia vogeli, to determine their antimicrobial and phytochemical profiles.  Method The agar well diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar plates, to determine the diameters of the antibacterial inhibition zones of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts on standard bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella spp was conducted.  Results Ethanol extract of Justicia flava showed activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and no activity on Salmonella spp.  The aqueous extract had no activity on any of the three bacteria. However, both the aqueous and ethanol extract of T. vogelii showed activity on the test microbes used, and the highest activity was seen with Salmonella spp. For minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), J. flava, P. aeruginosa had the highest value of 500mg/ml and S. aureus showed the lowest value of 250mg/ml whereas, with the aqueous extract of T. vogelii, P. aeruginosa showed the highest MIC value of 165mg/ml and Salmonella spp the lowest of 41.25mg/ml. However, Salmonella showed a high value (300mg/ml) with the ethanol extract and S. aureus the lowest (75mg/ml). The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, terpenoids, tannins, phenolics, and reducing sugars. Conclusion and recommendations:  This study showed that Justicia flava and Tephrosia vogelii possess antimicrobial activity and are therefore potential candidates for combating bacterial infections, especially those accelerated by S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and Salmonella species.
Prevalence of HIV/AIDS Among Pregnant Mothers Aged 18 – 49 Years Attending Antenatal Clinic At Mukono Health Centre IV.
Authors:   , Ndhego Ramadhan
Published: March 2021

Background: The HIV/AIDS epidemic is a serious threat to social and economic development around the world. Uganda’s HIV/AIDS prevalence rate has shot up from 6.4% in 2005 to 7.3% whereas in pregnant mothers of all ages is at 6.1%. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Mukono district in Uganda worries leaders, and according to the local newspaper, the general prevalence in this area is said to be 9%. No study has documented the prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Mukono Health centre IV. Methods: The study took place at Mukono HCIV which is found in Mukono municipal council Mukono district on Kampala - Jinja road. The design was cross-sectional using both quantitative and qualitative methods where the pregnant mothers between the ages 18-49yrs were involved in the study at the antenatal clinic using the methods that are provided for their inclusion and exclusion study purposes. The data was summarized in form of bar graphs, pie charts, and tables using Microsoft excel program and SPSS. Results: The general prevalence of HIV/AIDS among pregnant women who sought ANC in Mukono Health Centre IV was 7 %. The research indicated that the majority of the pregnant women n=88, were in the age group of 25-31 years 49 (55.7%), 31(35.2%) had attained a secondary level of education while 30(34.1%) had attained a tertiary level of education. Conclusion and recommendation: Positive mothers should get access to psychological support hence enhancing the utilization of VCT by the mothers. Men's involvement is necessary and they need to be encouraged and sensitized from the communities to accompany their partners to the clinic and attend counselling sessions, this is to help equip them both with the necessary information on PMTCT.
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF THE DISCURSIVE APPROACH OF THE LITERARY TEXT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN THE ENGLISH CLASSROOM
Authors: Lașcu Tatiana
Published: March 2021

The paper presents an analysis of the basic principles which govern the discursive approach of the literary text. The discursive approach covers both the internal and external aspects, a fact which promotes a new and more complex analysis of the literary text. Thus, the specific methodological principles which rule the process of developing the English communicative competence through the discursive approach are as follows: pragmasemantic principle of the literary text, dialogic principle of the text analysis, principle of intertextuality, principle of interpretative cooperation, principle of intercultural communication.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ОБУЧЕНИЯ В ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЯХ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Байрамов Гахраман , Мамедов Алирза , Алиева Наргиз
Published: March 2021

В статье исследуются проблемы в области реформы образования и реализации Болонского процесса, проводимые высшими учебными заведениями Азербайджанской Республики, выявляются устойчивые организационные и экономические особенности высших учебных заведений, влияющие на качество обучения в условиях самофинансирования. В статье также обоснованы пути приведения подготовки кадров высшей школы в вузы к международным стандартам.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ ТВОРЧОГО МИСЛЕННЯ ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ В ОСВІТНЬОМУ ПРОЦЕСІ ЗАКЛАДУ ДОШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Демченко Юлія , Нікітіна Олена
Published: March 2021

У статті розглядається проблема розвитку творчого мислення дітей старшого дошкільного віку в умовах освітнього процесу закладу дошкільної освіти. Схарактеризовано складники творчого мислення дитини дошкільного віку. Розкрито можливості розвитку творчого мислення за допомогою різних методичних прийомів. Виокремлено педагогічні умови розвитку творчого мислення дитини.
ПОГЛЯДИ НА УМОВИ ТА ЗМІСТ ПРОГРАМИ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТІВ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ В ПРОЦЕСІ ВИВЧЕННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ «ОСНОВИ САМОЗАХИСТУ»
Authors: Матвієнко Михайло , Хасанов Марсель
Published: March 2021

статті освітлено програмні напрями розробок навчальних матеріалів підготовки студентів закладів вищої освіти до самозахисту. Авторами подано до обговорення порівняльні характеристики тематичних аспектів, які впроваджені у навчальний процес освітніх закладів правоохоронних структур та цивільних закладів вищої освіти; опубліковано власне бачення особливостей змісту та умов вивчення навчальної дисципліни «Основи самозахисту».
ОТНОШЕНИЕ МИРОВЫХ РЕЛИГИЙ К АЛКОГОЛЮ
Authors: Шокирова Дурдона
Published: March 2021

Статья о том, как мировые религии относятся к употреблению алкоголи, в каких религиях дозволено, а в каких нет. И приведены доказательства из священных источников данных религий.
ВПЛИВ ГРОМАДСЬКИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ НА ПРОЦЕС ДЕРЖАВОТВОРЕННЯ (УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ КОНТЕКСТ)
Authors: Свистун Ірина
Published: March 2021

У статті наведено особливості впливу діяльності громадських організацій на процес державотворення в Україні. Автором пропонується розглядати громадські об’єднання як добровільні формування громадян, створені у результаті їх вільного волевиявлення з метою вираження колективних інтересів і вирішення громадських питань та проблем. Виокремлено низку питань у сфері розвитку територіальних громад, що потребують ефективного та швидкого реагування та вирішення. Нами розроблено сукупність дій для вирішення поставлених проблем, що потребують систематизації та контролю як з боку держави так і з боку громадських організацій.
UNKNOWN ANATOMY OF GEORGIAN DIPLOMATIC ASSASSINATIONS
Authors: Natsvaladze Mamuka
Published: March 2021

Current research is dedicated to the unstudied event of the Georgian diplomacy in the 80-ies of the XVIII century – unknown death of Capuchin ambassadors Domenico and Mauro Veronelli sent to Europe by Erekle II, the king of Kartli-Kakheti.Instruction (dated: 1782) of Catharine II confirms that Imperial Court of St. Petersburg was the initiator and interested force to disrupt the Ambassade sent to the Emperor of Austria by Erekle II.Based on the analysis of the primary sources preserved in the archives of Austria and Italy and the background political events, the current article reviews the preconditions and arguments unequivocally proving the assassinations of Erekle’s ambassadors and indicating that referred assassinations were ordered by the Imperial Court of Russia.
PATHOGENETIC POTENTIAL OF THE MUTATIONS OF PAH GENE
Authors: Huseynova Lala , Haqverdiyeva Raya
Published: March 2021

Some associations were also observed in this study andone of them, including R243X mutation and V245V polymorphism. The mean quality value of surrounding nucleotides of these variants was higher than 50 which proved their accuracy. The R261Q mutation in exon 7 was observed in seven patients from 30 patient. Studies have shown that this mutation is most common in the Azerbaijani population. Being R261G (G-A) mutation we have found a substitution of guanine with adenine. The result of mutation was on protein level, and arginine amino acid was substituted with gluthamine amino acid.
IMMUNOCORRECTION OF PATIENTS IN COMPLEX TREATMENT WITH COMBINED INJURIES OF THE FACE BONES
Authors: Ibragimov Davron , Boymuradov Shukhrat , Gaffarov Usmon , Iskhakova Zukhra , Valieva Farangiza , Исматов Навруз , Kuchkorov Firdavs
Published: March 2021

The aim of this work is to study the effectiveness of immunomodulatory therapy with the approved drug polyoxidonium in the treatment of patients with concomitant craniofacial injuries.

The study involved 22 patients with concomitant craniofacial injuries as part of complex therapy received polyoxidonium at a dose of 6 mg / m once for 5 days. Clinical and immunological examination was carried out at admission and on the 10th day after the start of treatment. Examination and treatment of patients was carried out at the clinical base of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the Samarkand State Medical Institute in the specialized department of maxillofacial surgery of the Samarkand City Medical Association. The patients were divided into 2 groups:1-group of 10 patients with concomitant injuries of the lower face zone.2- group of 12 patients with concomitant injuries of the midface.The control group consisted of the results of examination of 11 healthy individuals of the same age. It has been proven that in patients with combined injuries of the bones of the facial skeleton from the midface zone, the use of polyoxidonium gives a pronounced immuno-corrective effect at the level of the cellular link of immunity. In the dynamics of complex treatment, positive dynamics were noted in the indices of the content of CD3, CD4, CD16-lymphocytes normalized and were statistically significant in patients with a low baseline level.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LARGE BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA: TRANSVESICAL ADENONECTOMY VS THULIUM: YAG LASER VAPOENUCLEATION OF THE PROSTATE
Authors: Plesacov Alexei , Vladanov Ivan , Ghicavii Vitalii
Published: March 2021

According to current guidelines, the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia is the main therapeutic option, being refractory to conservative approach. Transurethral resection of the prostate and open transvesical adenomectomy have been considered a reference standard in the treatment of medium (<80ml) and large (> 80ml) benign prostatic hyperplasia. To reduce postoperative complications and promote faster postoperative recovery, there have been proposed several minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of large benign prostatic hyperplasia, the most innovative being laser surgery. Lasers used in retrograde transurethral endoscopic vapoenucleation of the prostate has become a new concept in transurethral surgery. This surgical approach provides promising results and is becoming increasingly popular for the management of severe lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to large benign prostatic hyperplasia.
TO DETERMINE THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SOIL OF LANDSLIDE SLOPES FROM THE DEGREE OF POROSITY AND HUMIDITY
Authors: Serikkyzy Аkbota , Baimakhan A. , Makhanova A. , Baimakhan Baimakhan , Baimakhanova G.
Published: March 2021

The results of theoretical and experimental works devoted to the determination of the physical and mechanical properties of water–saturated soil are analyzed. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis, conclusions are formulated, and a method is proposed for determining the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio for water-saturated soil, depending on humidity (degree of saturation) and porosity. Tables of data on the physical and mechanical properties of water–saturated soil are proposed. The study established the places of formation of local stress concentrations along the inclined layer. The values of dangerous stress concentrations found in various areas of the mountain slope that are vulnerable to collapse are shown in the tables.
GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF FOUR PEAR VARIETIES IN THE NURSERY, DEPENDING ON CLONAL QUINCE ROOTSTOCKS IN THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Hulko Bohdan
Published: March 2021

study on the growth and productivity of four pear varieties: Oksamyt, Talgarska krasunia, Xena and Kyrgyzska zymova in nursery depending on five types of quince rootstocks in conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine were carried out during 2018-2020. The analysis of the data obtained after three years allowed to identify the rootstocks providing better productivity and were above the quince MA.
SOME METHODS OF CREATING SIGNS OF RADAR TARGETS THAT CAN BE USED TO DESIGN TRAINING TARGETS
Authors: Ryabokon Evgen , Batourin Oleg , Porokhonchuk Oleksandr , Shulezhko Andrii , Hurin Ihor , Viunnyk Volodymyr
Published: March 2021

Proposals for developing of radar training targets in decimeter and centimeter wave ranges in conditions of a previous uncertainty of radar signal parameters is developed. It based on the results of analysis and comparison of simple artificial reflectors and retrodirective antenna array characteristics. Targets for single-position radars are considered.
ВОЛЕЙБОЛ ЯК ЕФЕКТИВНИЙ ЗАСІБ ФІЗИЧНОГО РОЗВІТКУ СТУДЕНТІВ ЮРИДИЧНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Антіпова Жанна , Барсукова Тетяна , Шурхал Людмила
Published: March 2021

Стаття присвячена результатам пошуку ефективних засобів і методів проведення занять з фізичного виховання, які сприяють залученню студентів до активного способу життя в період навчання в закладах вищої освіти. Дисципліна «Фізичне виховання» у вищому юридичному навчальному закладі виступає мірою комплексного впливу на особистість майбутнього фахівця. Вирішуючи питання збереження здоров’я і підвищення активності студентів в період навчання ми розглядаємо волейбол як ефективний засіб їх фізичного розвитку. Доведено, що використання спеціальних вправ, спрямованих на розвиток фізичних якостей, технічних і тактичних приймань підвищує інтерес студентів до волейболу, сприяє підвищенню їх спортивної майстерності. В процесі навчання у студентів формується потреба в систематичних мотивованих заняттях, почуття колективізму, загартовується воля, з’являється цілеспрямованість та можливість поглибленого вивчення даної спортивної гри.
Penggunaan Naratif Dalam Video Game Sebagai Media Edukasi Isu Dunia: Studi Kasus Detroit Become Human
Authors: Wibowo Tony , Kelfia Limanda
Published: March 2021

Video game dengan narasi kuat semakin popular pada kalangan game developer. Terdapat sejumlah game yang dikembangkan dengan isu dunia dalam naratifnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuktikan apakah video game berpotensi sebagai media edukasi terhadap permasalahan dunia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengekspos video game melalui game play dari video game Detroit Become Human kepada 27 responden yang belum familier dengan video game tersebut selama 22 hari dan mengumpulkan laporan mereka mengenai pengalaman mereka melalui kuesioner online. Penelitian diuji dengan melakukan perbandingan terhadap pandangan responden mengenai permasalahan dunia tersebut sebelum dan sesudah responden terkepos oleh video serta melakukan kodifikasi yang dengan maksud untuk mengkuantifikasi respon yang diterima. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa konsensus setuju bahwa video game berpotensi untuk menjadi media edukasi terhadap permasalahan dunia. Selain daripada itu juga ditemukan bahwa video game mampu mengedukasi pemain dalam jangka panjang namun tidak signifikan dalam edukasi jangka pendek
The effect of meteorological conditions and atmospheric composition in the occurrence and development of new particle formation (NPF) events in Europe
Authors: Bousiotis Dimitrios , Brean James , Pope Francis D. , Dall'Osto Manuel , Querol Xavier , Alastuey Andrés , Perez Noemi , Petäjä Tuukka , Massling Andreas , Nøjgaard Jacob Klenø , Nordstrøm Claus , Kouvarakis Giorgos , Vratolis Stergios , Eleftheriadis Konstantinos , Niemi Jarkko V. , Portin Harri , Wiedensohler Alfred , Weinhold Kay , Merkel Maik , Tuch Thomas , Harrison Roy M.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Although new particle formation (NPF) events have been studied extensively
for some decades, the mechanisms that drive their occurrence and development
are yet to be fully elucidated. Laboratory studies have done much to
elucidate the molecular processes involved in nucleation, but this knowledge
has yet to be conclusively linked to NPF events in the atmosphere. There is
great difficulty in successful application of the results from laboratory
studies to real atmospheric conditions due to the diversity of atmospheric
conditions and observations found, as NPF events occur almost everywhere in
the world without always following a clearly defined trend of frequency,
seasonality, atmospheric conditions, or event development. The present study seeks common features in nucleation events by applying a
binned linear regression over an extensive dataset from 16 sites of various
types (combined dataset of 85 years from rural and urban backgrounds as well
as roadside sites) in Europe. At most sites, a clear positive relation with the frequency of NPF events is
found between the solar radiation intensity (up to R2=0.98),
temperature (up to R2=0.98), and atmospheric pressure (up to R2=0.97), while relative humidity (RH)
presents a negative relation (up to R2=0.95) with NPF event
frequency, though exceptions were found among the sites for all the
variables studied. Wind speed presents a less consistent relationship, which
appears to be heavily affected by local conditions. While some
meteorological variables (such as the solar radiation intensity and RH)
appear to have a crucial effect on the occurrence and characteristics of NPF
events, especially at rural sites, it appears that their role becomes less
marked at higher average values. The analysis of chemical composition data presents interesting results.
Concentrations of almost all chemical compounds studied (apart from O3)
and the condensation sink (CS) have a negative relationship with NPF event
frequency, though areas with higher average concentrations of SO2 had
higher NPF event frequency. Particulate organic carbon (OC), volatile
organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate-phase sulfate consistently had a
positive relation with the growth rate of the newly formed particles. As
with some meteorological variables, it appears that at increased
concentrations of pollutants or the CS, their influence upon NPF frequency
is reduced.
Wave climate in the Black Sea: description and trend evaluation using new ECMWF-ERA5 reanalysis and wave-current interaction.
Authors: Causio Salvatore , Lionello Piero , Ciliberti Stefania Angela , Coppini Giovanni
Published: March 2021

This study analyzes the evolution of the wave climate in the Black Sea basin in a 31-year long hindcast (1988-2018) performed with the third-generation wave model WaveWatchIII v5.16, forced by the ECMWF-ERA5 reanalysis winds at 30km of spatial resolution and 1-hour frequency. The wave model is implemented on a grid covering the whole Black Sea, with 3km grid step and is off-line coupled with a NEMO based hydrodynamical model. The wave spectrum is discretized using 24 directional sectors, and 30 frequencies, with 10% increment starting from 0.055Hz. The model is implemented to solve deep water processes, following the WAM Cycle4 model physics, with Ultimate Quickest propagation scheme and GSE alleviation, which is implemented in WWIII. Wind input and dissipation are based on Ardhuin et al. (2010), wave-wave interactions are based on Discrete Interaction Approximation. Currents and air-sea temperature difference are provided to the wave model to account for Doppler shift and atmospheric stability above the sea. Model validation and statistical analysis have been carried out to describe the wave climate of the Black sea, considering the following wave fields: significant wave height (Hs), mean wave period (Tm) and mean wave direction. Statistics as Mean, Maximum, 5th percentile and 95th statistics have been computed to produce monthly climatologies. The work considers also the evaluation of trends for Hs and Tm, and the evaluation of tendency in the occurrence frequency of mean and max fields for Hs and Tm.

There is no evidence about an overall trend in Hs and Tm, but tendencies can be highlighted in some months and seasons. The most evident trend occurs in Summer on the whole wave spectrum, with reduction of Hs and Tm in the Eastern basin, and increasing in the South-Western basins. Even the evaluation of occurrence frequencies suggests that Black Sea is subjected to a change in the wave regime.
Shallow geothermal energy potential of south-west Germany
Authors: Miocic Johannes
Published: March 2021

A large-scale transformation of the heating and cooling sector is needed to achieve the climate neutrality goals by 2050 as outlined in the European Green Deal. One frequently discussed option for reducing the greenhouse gas emissions is the widespread use of ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) for heating and cooling living spaces. Here, the technical potential of GSHPs to supply heat to buildings in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, is analysed. This study is based on the yearly demand for heating energy at a building block scale, geological conditions, mean annual surface temperatures, as well as legal restrictions such as temperature differences at the heat pump, maximum monthly heat extraction rates as well as areas restricted from drilling. It is shown that for many densely populated areas many GSHPs would be needed to supply all the energy needed for heating. However, in less densely populated areas GSHPs can be used for heating. If future heating demand is lower due to wide-spread insulation retrofitting, GSHPs could supply most of the energy needed for heating even in densely populated areas.
Inferring London’s Methane Emissions from Atmospheric Measurements
Authors: Hoare Daniel , Jones Rod L , Fan Shiwei , Harris Neil , Ferracci Valerio , Carruthers David , Stidworthy Amy , Forsyth Ella , Rigby Matt
Published: March 2021

Major cities such as London are increasingly becoming targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by policy makers. This is due in part to their higher rate of emissions compared to more rural areas, but also due to the political powers of city level government. To ensure that emission reduction policies are successful, policy makers require accurate knowledge of how emissions change over time.

The London Greenhouse Gas Project aims to provide top-down emission estimates for London, adding a London measurement network to expand upon the UK’s existing national top-down measurement infrastructure. The national network has proved useful in contributing to the UK’s national emission reports, and the new local network will provide useful data targeted to London’s policy makers.

A series of in-situ atmospheric concentration instruments are being installed across the city and will be used to estimate London’s emissions of methane initially, with carbon dioxide emissions to follow. A medium-density urban network provides challenges in instrument calibration and siting, as well as the development of new modelling approaches to capture the urban environment and link the measurements to policy-relevant emissions estimates. There are also opportunities to link with remote observations of London, including satellite and ground-based FTIR instruments. We present considerations of setting up the new network, and results from the initial instrument installation and model development.
Temperature dependent kinetics of the reaction of ozone with iodide
Authors: Gysin Severin , Roose Antoine , Volkamer Rainer , Peter Thomas , Ammann Markus
Published: March 2021

Iodine in the atmosphere results from emissions of precursors from the oceans [1, 2] and undergoes continuous multiphase cycling. This cycling also prevents poorly soluble gaseous iodine species from removal by wet deposition. Thus, tropical convective outflow can even inject inorganic iodine into the lower stratosphere [3]. In the troposphere [1] and in the stratosphere [4], iodine appears in the gas- and particulate phase. In both compartments, particulate iodine exists not only in oxidized (as iodate) but also in reduced (as iodide) form [1, 4]. As iodide reacts with ozone in the aqueous phase [2] (which is also a major process related to iodine emission from the oceans), the reaction of ozone with iodide is one wheel of the cycles in the troposphere and may even represent a direct ozone sink in the stratosphere. However, only few kinetic data exist for this reaction. The temperature dependence of the reaction rate coefficient between 275 and 293 K was determined once and extrapolation of its value below 275 K rely on an activation energy estimate with an error of about 40 % [5]. Therefore, we performed laboratory experiments to extend the temperature range of the rate coefficient determination. We used a trough flow reactor [6] for our measurements and analyzed the data with a quasi steady state resistance model [7] to determine the essential physical parameters describing the reaction kinetics and their temperature dependence. Our results help to increase the understanding of atmospheric iodine chemistry and to better assess iodine’s impact on ozone in both, the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Bibliography
[1]          A. Saiz-Lopez et al., Chem. Rev., 112, 3 (2012)
[2]          L. J. Carpenter et al., Nat. Geosci., 6 (2013)
[3]          A. Saiz-Lopez et al., Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 16 (2015)
[4]          T. K. Koenig et al., PNAS, 117, 4 (2020)
[5]          L. Magi et al., J. Phys. Chem. A, 101 (1997)
[6]          L. Artiglia et al., Nat. Commun., 8 (2017)
[7]          M. Ammann et al., Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13 (2013)
Modelling extreme precipitation fields for large scale flood insurance
Authors: Cross David , Gosling John Paul
Published: March 2021

Assessment of both localised and widespread flooding is vital for flood insurance to ensure adequate financial protection for businesses and property owners alike. But modelling precipitation and catchment response on very large spatial scales remains a challenge because of the availability of data and the high dimensionality of the problem. Modelling flood risk for insurance requires spatially coherent estimation of extremes which go beyond the historical record. At the national and continental scale, it can be difficult to apply models which maintain both the dependence structure of the precipitation field and the marginal distributions which determine local impacts. Recent research into spatiotemporal random fields modelling is highly promising. Numerical weather prediction is also an attractive prospect because correlations are implicitly captured in physical processes, but the computational demand and the uncertainty of perturbed physics ensembles can limit its usefulness.  

We introduce a data driven approach for widescale flood risk assessment based on modelling extreme precipitation fields. Using gridded reanalysis precipitation data, we identify extreme precipitation events in space and time using a measure of correlation in the tails of the marginal distributions. The simulation of extreme precipitation follows two main processes. First, the timing and extent of events are modelled using a Poisson distribution for event triggers, and a spatial Poisson process perturbs event footprints for observed events in the neighbourhood of the trigger location. The second stage is to model the extreme precipitation field within the event footprint. A Copula process is used to estimate extreme precipitation quantiles for all simulation points within the event ensuring internal spatial coherence. Our method has the flexibility to model extreme precipitation with any underlying physical conditions using computationally efficient models which facilitate widescale risk assessment.