bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glomerulonephritis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mohan Das M.K. , Sanjeev Sanjeev
Published: January 2018

Glomerulonephritis is also known as glomerular nephritis (GN) or glomerular disease. It is a disease of the kidney, characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli. The present study was undertaken with the objectives to explore the incidence and clinical profile of non diabetic renal disease in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, to observe renal histology, to identify nature of glomerular disease, to identify the Prognostic factors and to observe the response to specific treatment. The Present study was conducted in June 1, 2001 to Dec 31, 2004 at Medical College Thiruvananthapuram. Twenty four patients with mean age of 51 were included in the study. Male and femal eratiois 13:11. Mean duration of thepatient ssuffering with diabetes mellitusis 8 years. Mean duration of the patients suffering with hypertension is 5 years. All patients had non nephrotic range proteinuria with a maximum of 2.8 gms. Total number of patients are divided into five groups. We have observed thirteen patients with diabetes mellitus and glomerular disease with or without tubulo inerstitial nephritis. Five patients with diabetes mellitus and glomerular disease only. Four patients with diabetes mellitus only. One patient with diabetesmellitus with tubuloinerstitial nephritis. One patient with glomerulardisease and tubuloinerstitial nephritis. Eleven patients were died. In the present study the relation between the variables is not statistically significant. Hence we suggest to carry out the study further with higher sample size to explore the relation well.
Quality of life in substance dependence syndrome
Authors: N Lamichhane , D.K Thapa , B.K Tamrakar
Published: January 2018

Euphoriant or consciousness altering substance is detrimental to the quality of life of the users. However, due to paucity of studies it is difficult to draw an overall picture of the connection between substance use and quality of life. Fishtail Hospital and Research Centre Pvt. Ltd is located at Pokhara. It is a well-known region in Nepal which has high prevalence of the substance dependence and thus warrants certain effective strategies to address this public health problem. This is a cross- sectional, descriptive hospital based study. After informed consent by administering a semi-structured clinico-socio- demographic performa 60 subjects were included. ICD-10 criteria were used for the diagnosis. The Nepali version of WHOQOL-BREF was administered to assess the quality of life10. Data were analysed by using appropriate tools like Chi-square and Fisher exact tests for association between the continuous variable. The relevant socio-demographic and clinical profiles were also incorporated. The subjects made two groups 30 with alcohol dependence (ADS) and 30 with injecting drug use (IDU). QOL in all spheres was low in all the subjects but with IDU it was even poorer. Among the domain score of both the group of subjects the most affected areas were the psychological health followed by physical health while social and environmental health were relatively less affected.QOL in all spheres was low in all the subjects but with IDU it was even poorer. The most affected areas were the psychological health and physical health.
A DNS-metiláció szerepe és megváltozása az öregedés és a daganatos betegségek kialakulása során
Authors: Szigeti Krisztina Andrea , Galamb Orsolya , Kalmár Alexandra , Barták Barbara Kinga , Nagy Zsófia Brigitta , Márkus Eszter , Igaz Péter , Tulassay Zsolt , Molnár Béla
Published: January 2018

Abstract:

Besides the genetic research, increasing number of scientific studies focus on epigenetic phenomena – such as DNA methylation – regulating the expression of genes behind the phenotype, thus can be related to the pathomechanism of several diseases. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge about the evolutionary appearance and functional diversity of DNA methylation as one of the epigenetic mechanisms and to demonstrate its role in aging and cancerous diseases. DNA methylation is also characteristic/also appear to prokaryotes, eukaryotes and viruses. In prokaryotes and viruses, it provides defence mechanisms against extragenous DNA. DNA methylation in prokaryotes plays a significant role in the regulation of transcription, the initiation of replication and in Dam-directed mismatch repair. In viruses, it participates not only in defence mechanisms, but in the assembly of capsids as well which is necessary for spreading. In eukaryotes, DNA methylation is involved in recombination, replication, X chromosome inactivation, transposon control, regulation of chromatin structure and transcription, and it also contributes to the imprinting phenomenon. Besides the above-mentioned aspects, DNA methylation also has an evolutionary role as it can change DNA mutation rate. Global hypomethylation appearing during aging and in cancerous diseases can lead to genetic instablility and spontaneous mutations through its role in the regulation of transposable elements. Local hypermethylated alterations such as hypermethylation of SFRP1, SFRP2, DKK1 and APC gene promoters can cause protein expression changes, thus contribute to development of cancer phenotype. DNA methylation alterations during aging in cancerous diseases support the importance of epigenetic research focusing on disease diagnostics and prognostics. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(1): 3–15.
Design standardisation is the key to adopting off-site manufacturing in infrastructure
Authors: Armitage John
Published: January 2018

Off-site manufacturing offers a real solution to the growing skills crisis in UK construction. But a more standardised design approach is needed if is to be become more widely used for infrastructure delivery, says John Armitage of Ramboll.
Pinned joints – their design and real behaviour
Authors: Šmak Milan , Kala Jiří , Hokeš Filip
Published: January 2018

Pinned joints are a basic type of mechanical joints for steel elements. They have been used in metal load-bearing structures since the middle of the nineteenth century. Due to their specific properties – the ability of the connected elements to rotate freely and the elimination of any bending moment transfer between the elements – pinned joints are designed for both steel and timber load-bearing structures. The BS EN 1993-1-8 standard lists simple rules for use when designing pinned joints. The procedures are based on design rules (recommendations) set out by E. Winkler in the latter half of the nineteenth century. In many layout and loading situations, such joints provide results that differ quite significantly from those obtained from precise numerical calculations or experiments. This paper focuses on issues concerned with the design of pinned joints. It deals with the options for the application of the design rules contained in BS EN 1993-1-8 during the design of such joints, and compares the results of these options both with three-dimensional numerical finite-element method models and with executed experimental measurements – load tests performed on joints. The obtained results for examples of specific joint layout and loading type are analysed.
Experience of the role of contracts in megaproject execution
Authors: Jobling Paul E , Smith Nigel J
Published: January 2018

The majority of megaprojects fail to achieve their objectives. Studies suggest that up to two-thirds of them do not meet time, cost or performance targets, a much higher proportion than that for conventional projects. Failures are attributed to various causes: stakeholder biases, lack of investment in front-end planning and optimistic estimates and/or schedules, among other factors. Further, it is evident that owners increasingly require larger, more complex projects within compressed timescales. However, even if experience shows that the objectives are unrealistic, there is almost invariably a contractor that is willing to provide a competitive tender for the work. Despite recent improvements in management capability and enhancements to procurement and contracting practices, risk assessment, project planning and control, there has been little noticeable improvement in the outcomes of most megaprojects. This paper, based on both authors’ academic and industrial experiences of megaprojects, focuses on another factor, the contract, and provides an alternative view of the contractual context in which megaprojects are to be delivered and how this affects the current practice of scaling up contracts and procedures in an attempt to offer megaprojects levels of certainty similar to those of traditional projects. Indeed, the existing contracting practice may act to militate against the adoption of more appropriate delivery approaches.
untitled protocol v1
Authors: Close Jennie , Maltzer Zoe
Published: January 2018

We have developed a sequential smFISH protocol based on the Lyubimova et. al. 2013. Notable changes: -Fresh frozen sections are fixed and permeabilized just prior to storage at -80. We find we can store and use tissue treated this way for approximately a month without quality loss. - To shorten and improve hybridization, our hyb time is shortened to 2 hr. - Ethylene Carbonate can be substituted for formamide in the hybridization step. - To reduce the intensity of lipofuscin in human samples, we treat our sections with 8% SDS just prior to hybridization.
Bases científicas del pensamiento geológico de Benito Jerónimo Feijoo
Authors: García Cruz Cándido Manuel
Published: January 2018

RESUMENBenito Jerónimo Feijoo, intelectual, erudito y ensayista de la Ilustración española durante la primera mitad del siglo XVIII, realizó una gran aportación en el campo de la ciencia geológica de los temas más controvertidos del momento a través de un análisis reflexivo y de su divulgación. Abarcó el origen de la Tierra bajo la autoridad de las Sagradas Escrituras frente a los torbellinos cartesianos; intuyó que el geomagnetismo procedía de la zona central del planeta; consideraba que los fósiles eran de naturaleza orgánica, negando al mismo tiempo la existencia de los gigantes; los terremotos y los volcanes se debían a fenómenos físico-químicos y eléctricos; defendía la existencia de las montañas antes del Diluvio y su lenta formación mediante el espíritu lapidífico; y era partidario de que los puentes intercontinentales habían sido el mecanismo para el poblamiento de América y la dispersión de los seres vivos. A pesar del enfoque racional en sus discusiones, siempre estuvo sujeto al dogma católico, y consideraba compatibles ambos puntos de vista. Sus fuentes de documentación fueron principalmente obras francesas y de otros autores escritas en latín.PALABRAS CLAVEFeijoo, fósiles, montañas, terremotos, volcanes, geomagnetismo, puentes intercontinentales. TITLEScientific foundations of the geological thought of Benito Jerónimo FeijooABSTRACTBenito Jerónimo Feijoo, an intellectual, polymath, and essayist of the Spanish Enlightenment during the first half of the 18th Century, made a major contribution in the field of geological science of the most controversial issues of his time by means of a thoughtful analysis and its spreading. He covered the origin of the Earth under the authority of Holy Scripture against the Cartesian vortices; was convinced that the geomagnetism came from the central zone of the planet; believed that fossils were organic in nature, denying at the same time the existence of the giant humans; earthquakes and volcanoes were due to physical-chemical and electrical phenomena; supported the existence of the mountains before the Flood and its slow formation as a result of the lapidific spirit; and was an advocate of the land bridges as a mechanism for both the human settlement of America and the dispersion of living beings. Despite the rational approach in his discussions, he was always subject to Catholic dogma, considering both as compatible points of view at all. Feijoo’s sources of documentation were mainly French authors and other sources written in Latin.KEY WORDSFeijoo, fossils, mountains, earthquakes, volcanoes, geomagnetism, land bridges.
Manuel José Fernández-Vinjoy y Pérez de Penafonte (traductor, canónigo y proyectista)
Authors: Pérez de Castro José Luis
Published: January 2018

RESUMENDon Manuel José Fernández-Vinjoy y Pérez de Penafonte, natural de Castropol, perteneció a una noble familia asturiana, cursó estudios eclesiásticos, fue clérigo en Madrid y en 1793 se le nombró Canónigo de la Santa Iglesia Catedral de Oviedo, en donde desempeñó diversas funciones, entre otras, las de Contador Racionero Mayor y Menor. En 1794 recibió el honor y título de Caballero de la Orden de Carlos III. Destacamos en este estudio su faceta de humanista, experto conocedor de las lenguas clásicas, culto, riguroso y elogiado traductor de las obras de Filón de Alejandría, de quien introdujo en España tres de ellas (El repúblio más sabio, El héroe estoico o el hombre libre y su Poema sagrado) por ser de utilidad para el bien común, probando que no puede haber verdadera libertad donde no domina la virtud.PALABRAS CLAVECastropol, traductor de Filón de Alejandría, filosofía racional, estoicismo, humanista, Jovellanos, Cabildo ovetense. TITLEManuel José Fernández-Vinjoy y Pérez de Penafonte (translator, canon and designer)ABSTRACTMr. Manuel José Fernández-Vinjoy and Pérez de Peñafonte, native of Castropol, belonged to a noble family from Asturias, he studied ecclesiastics, was a clergyman in Madrid and in 1793 he was appointed Canon of the Holy Cathedral Church of Oviedo, where he performed various functions, among others, those of Mayor and Minor Accountant Prebedery. In 1794 he received the honor and title of Knight of the Order of Charles III. We emphasize in this study his facet of humanist, expert in classical languages, cult, rigorous and praised translator of the works of Philo of Alexandria, of whom he introduced in Spain three of them (The wisest Republican, The stoic hero or the free man and Sacred Poem) for being of utility and for the common good, proving that there can be no true freedom where virtue does not dominate.KEY WORDSCastropol, translator of Philo of Alexandria, rational philosophy, stoicism, humanist, Jovellanos, incumbent of the church from Oviedo.
Analysis of cost of medical therapy in patients of metabolic syndrome: an observational study
Authors: Shukla Prashant , Palta Shikha , Gupta Anita , Sehgal Vijay K.
Published: January 2018

Background: The objective of the study was to analyze cost of medical therapy in patients of Metabolic syndrome.Methods: This was an observational study. The study was conducted by enrolling patients of the outpatient department of Medicine of Rajindra Hospital, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab. A total of 100 patients diagnosed with Metabolic syndrome were enrolled in the study. The total daily cost of the therapy was calculated by adding the direct cost of individual drugs taking in consideration the frequency of the drug. The daily cost of therapy was then extrapolated to calculate the monthly as well as annual cost of therapy.Results: The mean age of patients was 58.27±10.32 years. Out of a total of 100 patients, there were 57 female and 43 male patients, indicating a female preponderance of the disease. The average individual daily cost of medical therapy is INR 44.56 which upon extrapolation gives monthly and annual cost of INR 1336.90 and INR 16264.40 respectively. The cost of treatment in males is costlier than females (INR 50.09 in males versus INR 40.22 in females). The cost of treatment of age 31-40 years is INR 27.90 while it INR 36.97, 48.16 and 50.75 for age groups 41-50, 51-60 and 61-70 years. The various components of metabolic syndrome viz. diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia contribute differently to the cost of therapy. Daily cost of medical therapy for diabetes mellitus is INR 18.57 while for hypertension and dyslipidemia are INR 10.25 and INR 6.13 respectively.Conclusions: Chronic diseases like metabolic syndrome have a huge share of the healthcare budget. Given the fact that it is a lifestyle disease, its prevalence is likely to swell in the coming decades. Hence, formulation of preventive and innovative treatment guidelines is of utmost importance.
The safety and efficacy of nephron sparing surgery in T1N0M0 renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Asimi Athar R. , Wani Mohammad S. , Lone Mohammad I.
Published: January 2018

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 3% of adult malignancies and 90-95% of neoplasm arising from the kidney. Objective was to explore the safety and efficacy of nephron sparing surgery (NSS) for T1N0M0 renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and to assess the oncological outcome of NSS in T1N0M0 RCC.Methods: A total of 31 cases were enrolled for the study of which 11 (35.5%) underwent NSS and 20 (64.5%) underwent radical nephrectomy (RN). The clinical results were followed up and comparatively analyzed.Results: NSS was performed using a margin of 1cm, no positive surgical margin was detected. The mean blood loss and mean duration of surgery in NSS and RN was comparable. Among all one patient from NSS group experienced urinary leak which was managed by placement of DJ stent. The overall complication rate was 9.1% in NSS. Lab. tests before surgery and after surgery at 6month was done in the both groups and results obtained was within normal limits. Only one patient developed metastasis from NSS group and died at 14th month of fallow-up, whereas neither metastasis nor mortality were recorded in RN group.Conclusions: Nephron sparing SURGERY has proven to be a safe and effective approach for Renal cell carcinoma with comparable clinical results to radical nephrectomy especially in tumour ≤4cm.
Growing as a Water Leader: Beware of Six Traps
Authors: Taylor André
Published: January 2018

This paper describes six leadership‐related “traps” that developing leaders in the water sector commonly fall into, as well as ways to avoid or escape them. It draws on the experience of the author who has worked as a leadership development specialist over the last 10 years to build the leadership capacity of water practitioners so they can initiate and drive positive change. This experience includes working closely with several hundred developing water leaders from around the world through a variety of leadership development programs and short courses, and conducting over 500 coaching sessions.

A consequence of this experience has been the identification of a number of common patterns of behaviour that emerging water leaders exhibit as they seek to grow as leaders. These patterns are surprisingly similar given they occur in people working in different geographic locations, organisations, professional roles, and cultures. In this paper, these patterns are referred to as leadership‐related “traps”, as they represent barriers to growth.

This paper describes six of the most common traps that can significantly hinder the ability of water leaders to grow their leadership capacity and improve their leadership effectiveness. It also explains why these traps are a problem and provides practical advice on avoiding or minimising the impact of them using guidance from the leadership development literature as well as the author's experience of working closely with these people and evaluating the results. This guidance should assist developing water leaders directly, as well as people who nurture such leaders such as supervisors, mentors, and leadership development specialists.
Unimodular hierarchical models and their Graver bases
Authors: Bernstein Daniel Irving , ONeill Christopher
Published: January 2018

Given a simplicial complex whose vertices are labeled with positive integers, one can associate a vector configuration whose corresponding toric variety is the Zariski closure of a hierarchical model.  We classify all the vertex-weighted simplicial complexes that give rise to unimodular vector configurations.  We also provide a combinatorial characterization of their Graver bases.
Movement-Based Programs in U.S. and Canadian Public Libraries: Evidence of Impacts from an Exploratory Survey
Authors: Lenstra Noah
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Objective – Past research suggests that approximately 20-30% of public libraries in the United States offer movement-based programs, that is programs that encourage, enable, or foster physical activity and physical fitness. Little is currently known about the impacts of these programs, in the U.S. or elsewhere. This study addresses the questions: what impacts do movement-based programs in public libraries have and what variations exist between urban and rural libraries.

Methods – The researcher aimed to explore these questions through an exploratory survey of U.S. and Canadian public libraries that have offered movement-based programs. The survey was completed by self-selecting staff from 1,157 public libraries in the U.S. and Canada during spring 2017. Analysis focuses on those portions of the survey that address the impacts of movement-based programs.

Results – Results show that throughout North America, public libraries provide movement-based programs for all age groups. The most consistently reported impact of these programs is new library users. Furthermore, on average respondents report that participation in these programs slightly exceeding their expectations. These facts may account for the finding that 95% of respondents report that they intend to continue offering movement-based programs at their libraries.

Conclusion – More research using a randomized survey design is needed to better assess this emerging programming area in a more comprehensive manner. Nonetheless, this study provides needed evidence on the impacts of movement-based programs in many North American public libraries. Hopefully this evidence will contribute to more conversations and research on the roles of public libraries in public health and wellness.
EBLIP9 Notes and Highlights
Authors: Wiggins John W , Nitecki Danuta A.
Published: January 2018

No abstract.
User-focused, User-led: Space Assessment to Transform a Small Academic Library
Authors: Hillman Christina , Blackburn Kourtney , Shamp Kaitlyn , Nunez Chenisvel
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Objective – By collecting and analyzing evidence from three data points, researchers sought to understand how library spaces are used. Researchers have used results for evidence based decision making regarding physical library spaces.

Methods – Undergraduate researchers, sociology faculty, and librarians used mixed-methods to triangulate findings. Seating sweeps were used to map patrons’ activities in the library. Student-led focus groups discussed patterns of library use, impressions of facilities, and library features and services. The final step included a campus survey developed from seating sweeps and focus group findings.

Results – Seating sweeps showed consistent use of the library's main level Learning Commons and upper level quiet spaces; the library’s multipurpose lower level is under-utilized. Students use the main level of the library for collaborative learning, socializing, reading, and computer use. Students use the upper level for quiet study and group work in study rooms. Focus group findings found library use is task-specific. For example, a student may work with classmates on a project using the main level Learning Commons during the day, and then come back at night to use the quiet floor for test preparation. Survey responses highlighted areas in which the library is deficient. For example, respondents cited crowdedness, noise levels, and temperature concerns.

Conclusion – These data offer empirical evidence for library space needs. Some data aligns with previous space studies conducted at this library: access to power outlets, lighting, noise, and an outdated environment. Evidence also supports anecdotal concerns of crowding, graduate students lacking designated study space, and the need for quiet study space away from group study space.
Gathering Evidence for Routine Decision-making
Authors: Brettle Alison
Published: January 2018

No abstract.
A Mixed Methods Approach to Iterative Service Design of an In-Person Reference Service Point
Authors: Everall Kyla , Logan Judith
Published: January 2018

No abstract.
Mixed Methods Not Mixed Messages: Improving LibGuides with Student Usability Data
Authors: Almeida Nora , Tidal Junior
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Objective – This article describes a mixed methods usability study of research guides created using the LibGuides 2.0 platform conducted in 2016 at an urban, public university library. The goal of the study was to translate user design and learning modality preferences into executable design principles, and ultimately to improve the design and usage of LibGuides at the New York City College of Technology Library.

Methods – User-centred design demands that stakeholders participate in each stage of an application’s development and that assumptions about user design preferences are validated through testing. Methods used for this usability study include: a task analysis on paper prototypes with a think aloud protocol (TAP), an advanced scribbling technique modeled on the work of Linek and Tochtermann (2015), and semi-structured interviews. The authors introduce specifics of each protocol in addition to data collection and analysis methods.

Results – The authors present quantitative and qualitative student feedback on navigation layouts, terminology, and design elements and discuss concrete institutional and technical measures they will take to implement best practices. Additionally, the authors discuss students’ impressions of multimedia, text-based, and interactive instructional content in relation to specific research scenarios defined during the usability test.

Conclusion – The authors translate study findings into best practices that can be incorporated into custom user-centric LibGuide templates and assets. The authors also discuss relevant correlations between students’ learning modality preferences and design feedback, and identify several areas that warrant further research. The authors believe this study will spark a larger discussion about relationships between instructional design, learning modalities, and research guide use contexts.
Comparison of Print Monograph Acquisitions Strategies Finds Circulation Advantage to Firm Orders
Authors: Costello Laura
Published: January 2018

A Review of:
Ke, I., Gao, W., & Bronicki, J. (2017). Does title-by-title selection make a difference? A usage title analysis on print monograph purchasing. Collection Management, 42(1), 34-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01462679.2016.1249040

Abstract

Objective – To compare usage of print monographs acquired through firm order to those acquired through approval plans.

Design – Quantitative study.

Setting – A public research university serving an annual enrollment of over 43,500 students and employing more than 2,600 faculty members in the South Central United States.

Subjects – Circulation and call number data from 21,356 print books acquired through approval plans, and 23,920 print books acquired through firm orders.

Methods – Item records for print materials purchased between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2014 were extracted from the catalog and separated by acquisitions strategy into firm order and approval plan lists. Items without call numbers and materials that had been placed on course reserves were removed from the lists. The authors examined accumulated circulation counts and conducted trend analyses to examine year-to-year usage. The authors also measured circulation performance in each Library of Congress call number class; they grouped these classes into science, social science, and humanities titles.

Main Results – The authors found that 31% of approval plan books and 39% of firm order books had circulated at least once. The firm order books that had circulated were used an average of 1.87 times, compared to approval plan books which were used an average of 1.47 times. The year-to-year analysis showed that the initial circulation rate for approval plan books decreased from 42% in 2011 to 14% in 2014, and from 46% to 24% for firm order books. Subject area analysis showed that medicine and military science had the highest circulation rates at over 45%, and that agriculture and bibliography titles had the lowest circulation rates. Subject area groups showed the same pattern, with books in the social sciences and sciences experiencing more significant circulation benefits to firm order purchasing.

Conclusion – Monographs acquired through firm orders circulated at a slightly higher rate than those acquired through approval plans.
Student Use of the Information Commons: An Exploration through Mixed Methods
Authors: Archambault Susan Gardner , Justice Alexander
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Objective – In this case study, librarians at the William H. Hannon Library at Loyola Marymount University explored user behaviour in the Information Commons, user preferences for furniture style and configuration, and how users engaged with a mix of technology, resources, and activities inside the space.

Methods – The researchers used a mixed-methods case study consisting of 2,443 “direct observations,” 646 environmental scans, 248 patron surveys, and 46 whiteboard poll questions. They created visualizations of results in Tableau, with filters for zone and variable. They then carried out a follow-up furniture preferences survey with 190 respondents.

Results – Independent study dominated the space usage. Users valued spaciousness, quiet, privacy, and a clean environment. Users frequently multi-tasked with additional devices as they simultaneously used the library computers, including cell phones, headphones, and laptops. The majority of students self-reported using a library computer for email and to access the campus online learning platform. They also reported reading/studying and printing as frequent activities, although these were less frequently observed. Unattended belongings were observed along with broken electrical outlets. Temperature and noise levels were highly variable.

Conclusions – This methodology allowed for the exploration of space use and satisfaction and uncovered implications for the redesign of the library space. The library has already taken steps toward making improvements based on this assessment project including: removing some reference stacks in favor of additional seating space, an inventory of all electrical outlets, and the exploration of new furniture and noise control strategies.
THE OUTCOMES OF THE NON-LIFE THREATENING LOCAL TRAUMAS OF THE LOCOMOTOR APPARATUS
Authors: Kulikov S. N.
Published: January 2018

The article highlights the problem of forensic examination of the heaviness of the non-life threatening local traumas of the locomotor apparatus of the extremities, pelvisand lumber-thoracic region of spine. The variants of the outcomes are analyzed on the facts of the stated traumas. The analysis is performed according to the influence of medical aid in the supreme range of the manner of its providing. Both on the facts of its proper providing and its absence. The statistic processing of the groupings of the selected observations is performed. The results of the investigations have become the basis for the objective possibility of the expert examination of the heaviness of the stated traumas, despite of the medical aid’s influence.
EFFECTS OF THE ROTATION OF A BULLET ON ITS AXIS ON THE FORMATION OF A GUNSHOT WOUND
Authors: Musin E. H. , Romanko N. A.
Published: January 2018

The paper presents the results of an empirical study on the effects of the rotation of a bullet on its axis on the formation of an entry gunshot wound.
ALEXEI ROMANOVICH DENKOVSKIJ TO THE 100th ANNIVERSARY UPDATE
Authors: Bozhchenko A. P. , Boldarian A. A. , Nazarov Y. V. , Kolesnikova D. V. , Lavrenteva E. V. , Tolmachev I. A.
Published: January 2018

The article is devoted to the 100 anniversary from the birthday of a prominent figure in forensic medicine, Professor, doctor of medical Sciences, a military doctor, a Colonel of medical service Alexey Romanovich Denkovskogo. Shows the main directions of its scientific, practical, pedagogical work and social activities.
A poética e suas potências - a leitura de um ator
Authors: Novais Douglas Rodrigues
Published: January 2018

Este artigo apresenta as potências de leitura e interpretação da “Poética” de Aristóteles, sob a perspectiva do trabalho do ator. Buscamos explicitar tal possibilidade de leitura partindo de uma perspectiva histórica sobre a difusão e interpretação dessa obra, bem como pelo cruzamento de alguns conceitos Aristotélicos com alguns pontos das obras de teóricos modernos do trabalho do ator.
A TRANSCENDÊNCIA NO PERCURSO IDEOLÓGICO-EXISTENCIAL DE ROGER GARAUDY
Authors: Pinto Jose Rui da Costa
Published: January 2018

Resumo: o percurso existencial e o itinerário ideológico de Roger Garaudy estão de tal modo unidos que se determinam e configuram mutuamente. Depois de destacar as principais experiências que marcaram indelevelmente a vida de Garaudy e as consequentes fases da trajetória do seu pensamento, o presente artigo debruça-se sobre a questão da transcendência que constitui uma temática central na filosofia garaudiana. Numa primeira etapa de seguidismo marxista em que Garaudy se confessa incontestavelmente ateu, a transcendência é lida num horizonte exclusivamente horizontal, em chave de subjetividade – a epifania do outro – e de temporalidade – a abertura ao futuro. Posteriormente, o diálogo com o cristianismo vai abrindo Garaudy ao reconhecimento de Deus-Transcendência, num processo de profundo dramatismo interior, como mais tarde confessará. Por fim, a adesão ao islamismo proporcionar-lhe-á nova clarificação e maior solidez na harmonia homem – Deus, inspirada no princípio islâmico da unidade fundamental de tudo – tawhid.Abstract: Roger’s Garaudy existential path and the ideological itinerary are united in such a way that they determinate and configure themselves mutually. Aoer highlighting the main experiences which indelibly marked Garaudy’s life and the consequent phases of the trajectory of his thinking, the current paper dwells on the maVer of transcendence which constitutes a central issue of the Garaudin philosophy. In a first stage of the Marxist followership in which Garaudy confesses himself as atheist, the transcendence is read in an exclusively horizontal horizon, in key of subjectivity — the epiphany of the other — and of temporality—the opening of the future. Aoerwards, the dialogue of Christianity opens Garaudy to the recognition of God-Transcendence, in a process of deep interior drama, as he later confesses. At last, the accession to Islam will provide him a new clarification and a bigger strength in the harmony man-God, inspired in the Islamic principle of the fundamental unity of everything — twahid.
Macroscopic Internal Variables and Mesoscopic Theory: A Comparison considering Liquid Crystals
Authors: Papenfuss Christina , Muschik Wolfgang
Published: January 2018

Internal and mesoscopic variables differ from each other fundamentally: both are state space variables, but mesoscopic variables are additional equipped with a distribution function introducing a statistical item into consideration which is missing in connection with internal variables. Thus, the alignment tensor of liquid crystal theory can be introduced as an internal variable or as one generated by a mesoscopic background using the microscopic director as mesoscopic variable. Because the mesoscopic variable is part of the state space, the corresponding balance equations change into mesoscopic balances, and additionally an evolution equation of the mesoscopic distribution function appears. The flexibility of the mesoscopic concept is not only demonstrated for liquid crystals, but is also discussed for dipolar media and flexible fibers.
Correlation with Caries Lesion Depth of The Canary System, DIAGNOdent and ICDAS II
Authors: Abrams Stephen H. , Sivagurunathan Koneswaran S. , Silvertown Josh D. , Wong Bonny , Hellen Adam , Mandelis Andreas , Hellen Warren M.P. , Elman Gary I. , Mathew S.M. , Mensinkai Poornima K. , Amaechi Bennett T.
Published: January 2018

Introduction:

The aim of this study was to correlate lesion depth of natural caries, measured with Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM), to Canary Numbers (CN) derived from The Canary System™ (CS), numerical readings from DIAGNOdent (DD), and lesion scores from ICDAS II.

Methods:

A total of 20 examination sites on extracted human molars and premolars were selected. The selected examination sites consisted of healthy and enamel caries on smooth and occlusal surfaces of each tooth. Two blinded dentists ranked each examination site using ICDAS II and the consensus score for each examined site was recorded. The same examination sites were scanned with CS and DD, and the CN and DD readings were recorded. After all the measurements were completed, the readings of the three caries detection methods were validated with a histological method, Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM). PLM performed by blinded examiners was used as the ‘gold standard’ to confirm the presence or absence of a caries lesion within each examined site and to determine caries lesion depth.

Results:

Pearson’s coefficients of correlation with caries lesion depth of CNs, DD readings and ICDAS scores were 0.84, 0.21 and 0.77, respectively. Mean ± SD CN for sound sites (n=3), caries lesion depths <800 µm (n=11), and caries lesion depths >800 µm (n=6) were 11±1, 55±15, and 75±22, respectively. Mean ± SD DD readings for sound sites, caries lesion depths <800 µm, and caries lesion depths >800 µm were 1±1, 7±11, and 8±9, respectively. Mean ± SD ICDAS II scores for sound sites, caries lesion depths <800 µm, and caries lesion depths >800 µm were 0±0, 2±1, and 2±1, respectively. The intra-operator repeatability for the Canary System was .953 (0.913, 0.978).

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated that the CS exhibits much higher correlation with caries lesion depth compared to ICDAS II and DD. CS may provide the clinician with more information about the size and position of the lesion which might help in monitoring or treating the lesion.

The present extracted tooth study found that The Canary System correlates with caries lesion depth more accurately that ICDAS II and DIAGNOdent.
Etiological Theories of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Past and Present
Authors: Fadzan Maja , Bettany-Saltikov Josette
Published: January 2018

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is one of the most common spinal deformities, yet its cause is unknown. Various theories look to biomechanical, neuromuscular, genetic, and environmental origins, yet our understanding of scoliosis etiology is still limited. Determining the cause of a disease is crucial to developing the most effective treatment. Associations made with scoliosis do not necessarily point to causality, and it is difficult to determine whether said associations are primary (playing a role in development) or secondary (develop as a result of scoliosis). Scoliosis is a complex condition with highly variable expression, even among family members, and likely has many causes. These causes could be similar among homogenous groups of AIS patients, or they could be individual. Here, we review the most prevalent theories of scoliosis etiology and recent trends in research.
Review on Computational Approaches for Identification of New Targets and Compounds for Fighting Against Filariasis
Authors: Mishra Manisha , Srivastava Prachi
Published: January 2018

Background:

Lymphatic filariasis is a tropical disease and currently more than 1.4 billion people in 73 countries are at risk but still it is neglected in higher researches. Lymphatic filariasis is wide spread throughout the tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, Africa, the Western Pacific and some parts of the Americas. Though it is a big issue for developing countries but still no proper prophylactic or therapeutic measures are taken out as to protect against filarial infection or to modulate disease.

Objective:

Non availability of proper prevention or cure as well are the major issues for which new scientific computational research approaches towards the management and betterment of this disease is required. Identification of novel compounds or drug targets through advance computational approaches can give new and better alternatives against this social problem or can open a new gate way towards advance approaches of drug designing.

Results:

Current review signifies the contribution of scientist working in different areas are globally thinking about the resolution of this problem and among different approaches these computational based researches will no doubt are a milestone against the fight with filaria. Genomic, proteomic, system biology based concepts, computational drug designing, virtual screening, homology modellingetc. are the different advances which altogether will win these problem.

Conclusion:

Compilation of thisin silicocontributions are well establishing their importance in finding out new targets and compounds that could lead a milestone against this social stigma which create humiliation not only for patients or relatives but also burden of society too.
Hepatoprotective efficacy of ethanolic extracts of rhizome Curcuma amada Roxb. In experimental rats
Authors: V. Ramnath , M. Maria Caroline Rebellow , S. Seethalakshmi
Published: January 2018

Thescope of this study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective efficacy of rhizome Curcuma Amada Roxb (CAR) in CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male Albino Wister rats were divided into six groups (n=6). Group I served as the normal control group and received olive oil (i.p. 0.5 mL/kg b.w.) as a vehicle. Group II served as high dose group and received 400mg/kg b.w CAR. Group III served as the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) group and received CCl4 (i.p., 0.1 mL/kg b.w., 50% CCl4 in olive oil). Groups IV–VI served as the treatment groups, and they received CARdissolved in distilled water orally at dose levels of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b.w., respectively, with CCl4 (i.p., 0.1 mL/kg b.w., 50% CCl4 in olive oil). All the groups were given the respective dosages twice a week for 28 days. The result of the marker enzymes AST, ALT, ALP and TBARS in the serum sample revealed an appreciable increase in groups IV, V and VI with respect to CCl4 treated group. This confirmed the hepatoprotective nature of CAR there by deactivating the phase II detoxifying enzymes, preventing the formation of free radical and protecting the cell membrane from degeneration. The nonenzymatic antioxidants pattern of GSH, GPX and GST showed decreased levels with respect to group III. This confirmed that CAR has induced the GSH antioxidant system by increasing cellular defense against reactive free radicals and other oxidative species. The histological architecture of liver sections in Group-IV–VI showed more or less normal lobular pattern with mild degrees of fatty change, necrosis and lymphocyte infiltration almost comparable to those of control group. These results act as a supporting evidence to exhibit the hepatoprotective nature of CAR.
SEMARANG DAN SURABAYA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HISTORIS DAN EKONOMI KOTA: SEBUAH PEMIKIRAN HISTORIOGRAFIS
Authors: Wijayati Putri Agus
Published: January 2018

This article describes the economic history of the town and its dynamics. As part of the historical reality, urban economics further accentuates its economic elements based on trade, industry and services activities. Of the three factors above, which one actively contributes to growth in urban economic development? Or, among the three, may be intertwined or synergised, which in turn form a support force that can stimulate the economic growth rate of a city. However, is it that simple in explaining the economic history of the town?, because a historical study must also be considerate of changes over time, while when discussed is the economic dimension, then, we are dealing with statistical data used to understand a change in time, as is done by quantitative economic history. This paper takes spatial space in the cities of Surabaya and Semarang as both cities, dominantly influenced by elements of trade, industry and services.
Medios de comunicación, conocimiento y entendimiento de la opinión pública sobre los sucesos políticos. El caso de México
Authors: Gómez Vilchis Ricardo R.
Published: January 2018

¿Qué relevancia tienen los medios de comunicación en el fortalecimiento del conocimiento y en el entendimiento de la opinión pública sobre los asuntos políticos? Este trabajo es uno de los primeros que examina los factores que determinan tanto el conocimiento como el entendimiento de la opinión pública en materia política en el caso mexicano. La investigación se basa en una encuesta realizada en México por Latin American Public Opinion Project (lapop, por sus siglas en inglés) en 2014 y que se apoya en el manejo de modelos de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (mco). Partiendo de la propuesta clásica de McCombs sobre la “necesidad de información-orientación” de la opinión pública, este trabajo demuestra, como hallazgo principal, que los medios de comunicación robustecen tanto el conocimiento como el entendimiento de la opinión pública sobre los sucesos políticos, lo que indica que los medios de comunicación no solamente informan sino que también forman opinión entre la ciudadanía. 
Hva kjennetegner de svakeste elevenes lesekompetanse, lesevaner og strategikunnskap når de går ut av grunnskolen?
Authors: Roe Astrid , Jensen Ragnhild Engdal
Published: January 2018

De norske PISA-resultatene i 2015 viste en framgang i lesing for norske 15-åringere, men andelen elever på det laveste nivået var fortsatt uendret. Denne artikkelen studerer de norske elevene i denne kategorien når det gjelder hvilke tekst- og oppgavetyper de har særlige problemer med og hva som kjennetegner deres lesevaner og kunnskap om lesestrategier. Datagrunnlaget stammer i hovedsak fra PISA 2009, da lesing hadde hovedfokus. Resultatene viser at de svakeste leserne relativt sett har størst problemer med komplekse fagtekster og minst problemer med skjønnlitterære tekster, og at de mangler kunnskap om lesestrategier. Samtidig er de mer interessert i å lese aviser og nettbaserte tekster enn skjønnlitteratur. Vi peker på elevenes leseinteresser, samt viktigheten av å arbeide med leseforståelse i alle fag, også i videregående skole, som utgangspunkt for å bidra til å redusere andelen svake lesere.
English abstract
What Characterises the Reading Competence, Reading Habits and Strategy Awareness at the End of Lower Secondary Education of Those Learners Struggling the Most? 
The Norwegian PISA-results in 2015 showed a progress in the reading competence of 15-year-olds. That of pupils struggling with reading, however, remained the same. This article explores the Norwegian pupils pertaining to this category and which kinds of texts and tasks they experience as especially difficult. We also investigate what characterises their reading habits and knowledge of reading strategies. The empirical basis of this study is mainly the 2009 PISA, which emphasised reading. The results of this particular student assessment showed that pupils struggling with reading largely have trouble with fictional texts and lack knowledge of reading strategies. They are moreover more interested in reading newspaper articles and web-based texts than fiction. In this article, we explore pupils's interests as regards reading and the importance of working with reading awareness in all subjects, at the upper secondary level as well. Our aim is to reduce the amount of struggling learners.