bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE FIRST PEDIATRICIAN OF THE MONGOLIAN PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC
Authors:   FSAE Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Batoev S.D. , Krylov N.N. ,   FSAE Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Karpenko I.V. ,   FSAE Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Chebyshev N.V. ,   FSAE Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2024

At the present stage, the effective system of maternity and childhood protection of the Mongolian People’s Republic functions thanks to the invested work of Soviet doctors. The article provides updated information about the first pediatrician of Mongolia, a Soviet doctor, a representative of the Buryat people Sergi-Mydyk Tsyrendorzhievna Dasheeva.
Antepartum Cardiotocography and Feto-maternal Outcome Among Admitted Patients in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Nahar Badrun , Karim Syeda Razia , Haq Aliya Amin ul , Sana Zulfa Sultana , Ahmed Wasio , Porag Mafruha Khanam , Banu Rahela
Published: November 2024

Background: Admission Cardiotocography (CTG) a noninvasive procedure, is used to indicate the state of oxygenation of the fetus on admission into the labor ward. This study is performed to assess the association of admission CTG findings with feto-maternal outcome at a tertiary health facility in Bangladesh.
Materials and methods: A prospective, observational study of 50 pregnant women who were admitted into the labor ward with singleton live pregnancies in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. Information on the demographic characteristics, obstetrics and medical history, admission CTG tracing and neonatal outcome was obtained using a structured data collection form. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 20.0 with the level of significance set at p< 0.05.
Results: The admission CTG findings were normal in 72% and abnormal in 28% of the women. The occurrence of low birth weight, asphyxiated neonates and Special Care Neonatal Unit (SCANU) admission was significantly more frequent among those with abnormal admission CTG results compared with normal results (p<0.001 for each). The incidence of cesarean delivery was more common when the CTG findings were abnormal, whereas all women with normal CTG result had a vaginal delivery (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Admission CTG was effective in identifying fetuses with a higher incidence of perinatal asphyxia. Neonatal outcome such as low birth weight, APGAR score and SCANU admission was significantly associated with pathological CTG findings. In the absence of facilities for further investigations, prompt intervention for delivery should be ensured if admission CTG is pathological.
IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(1), June 2024; 50-53
Common Voice Disorders among Bus Helpers in Dhaka City
Authors: Al Mahmud Khondokar Abdullah , Rahman Saad Md Sayedur , Rahman Md Ziaur
Published: November 2024

Background: There are approximately 9911 buses and 8515 minibuses are running within Dhaka city. Most of them have bus helpers who most of the time uses loud voice and yelling for their job. For which they are under a great risk of having voice disorder. No study was conduct to find the rate of voice disorder in this group. This study will seek out the rate of voice disorder and the risk among this group.
Materials and methods: A total of 80 bus helpers participated in the study. Their vehicle routes were within Dhaka city. It was a cross-sectional survey. Sampling was done by convenience technique. Samples were selected from different bus depots in Dhaka city. Data were collected by face to face interview using a questionnaire. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistical analysis. Statistical Package for Social Science- 17 (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel 2007 were used for data analysis.
Results: The result shows that 84% of bus helpers had voice problem throughout their carrier. Current symptoms present among them are hoarseness (92%) vocal fatigue (73%), pain in throat (58%), constant throat dryness (67%) and frequent throat clearing (48%). Less frequent symptoms are breathy voice, strained voice, monotone voice, sore throat, acid taste and loss of voice. Only risk factor found is not drinking adequate water.
Conclusion: The study reveals that different types of Vocal disorders are very common among the bus helpers. So, preventive measures and education are necessary to get rid of this problem.
IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(1), June 2024; 60-64
Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates from Suspected Neonatal Septicemia Patients in Different Hospitals of Chattogram
Authors: Ahmed Md Shakeel , Mawa Imranul , Khan Ayesha Ahmed , al Mamun Md Abdullah
Published: November 2024

Background: Bacterial blood stream infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. This study was undertaken to identify the bacterial isolates from suspected neonatal septicemia patients and to understand their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in Chattogram.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive type of study was done for a period of two years from January 2022 to December 2023. Blood samples from 340 neonates with clinically suspected septicemia were taken for automated culture and susceptibility test was conducted in Bacteriology Laboratory of IbneSina, Chattogram. The samples were collected and processed following standard microbiological techniques and an antibiotic susceptibility test was done on pure culture isolates using disc-diffusion method for the commonly used antibiotics. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20 and the results were summarized by using tables and graphs.
Results: Out of 340 blood culture done, 62 (18.24%) were positive. Among them 61.3% were of early onset sepsis. The predominant bacteria isolated was Klebsiella spp. 27 (43.6%) followed by Coagulase negative staphylococci 12(19.4%), Salmonella typhi 10 (16.1%), E. coli 6 (9.6%) and Pseudomonas 5 (8.0%). Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that the most sensitive antibiotics to Gram-negative organisms wereImipenem (81-100%), Tazobactam-Piperacillin (74-100%), Amikacin (67-90%), Ceftriaxone (60-100%) and Levofloxacin (63-80%). Maximum resistance
among Gram-negative organisms were seen in Ampicillin (60-100%), Cotrimoxazole (60-100%) and Cefixime (30-80%). Among Gram-positive organisms, all strains (100%) were sensitive to Linezolid and Vancomycin. Other alternates with good sensitivity were Amikacin (92%), Imipenem (83%), Ceftriaxone (83%) and Levofloxacin (75%). While maximum resistance was seen to Ampicillin (83%), Amoxiclav (75%), Cefixime (75%) and Ciprofloxacin (75%).
Conclusions: In the present study, most of the pathogens isolated from blood cultures were Gram negative and they showed high resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Therefore, rational use of antibiotics after sensitivity testing should be practiced.
IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(1), June 2024; 68-73
Community Management in Rural Bangladesh: Sustainable or Dispensable?
Authors: Fowzia Gulshana Rashid Lopa
Published: November 2024

Community management requires ongoing support from an overseeing institution for sustainable development. In case of rural community management in Bangladesh, it is found that implementation agencies shift responsibilities to beneficiaries achieving the convenient concept of community management model without establishing appropriate local management committee. On the other hand, beneficiaries cannot develop the sense of responsibility because of legal, ownership, or community constraints. On this position, this paper will see practices of Bangladesh government projects for rural community development. Following practicing in the community development field, this paper will assess the community management pointing out the problems related to implementation agencies and beneficiaries. Finally, it will focus on solution for radical change needed if community management systems are to be sustainable. Secondary sources are used to develop this paper where data are analyzed through article review.
Vol. 6, December 2013, pp. 87-92
Pedestrian Behavioral Pattern and Preferences in Different Road Crossing Systems of Dhaka City
Authors: Manik Kumar Saha  , Tanjiba Rahman Tishi  , Md Sirajul Islam  , Suman Kumar Mitra
Published: November 2024

As the population of Dhaka City is growing very fast, the sustainable transport policy for Dhaka should strive to retain and expand the modal share of walking trips, which share the majority of all short trips made. But unfortunately, pedestrian facilities may be the most neglected and unattended ones in transport planning of Dhaka city. This paper aims to analyze the effect of demographic factor which shape the behavioral pattern of the pedestrian towards following traffic rule in crossing a road. The paper also illustrates the pedestrian’s preferences among different road crossing systems and the underlying factors of preferences through a conduction of 300 questionnaire survey. This paper also focuses on assessing the relative significance of different problems in different types of pedestrian road crossing systems in Dhaka city by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)by means of an expert opinion survey. Finally it presents specific recommendations to ensure safe and efficient pedestrian movement in Dhaka city.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 6, Dec 2013, pp. 149-160
Outcomes of Community-Friendly Schools in Hong Kong
Authors: Lau Kwun Hang
Published: November 2024

Amid growing competition and evolving demands, schools must rethink their roles in addressing the needs of various stakeholders. Community-friendly schools in Hong Kong, which integrate community resources to help students understand and contribute to social issues, not only facilitate students’ engagement in learning activities and their learning attitudes but also positively impact students’ willingness to serve the community and the school’s reputation. This research adopted both qualitative and quantitative methods, utilizing questionnaires and interviews as data-gathering instruments. The sample included students, teachers, and community stakeholders for the questionnaires, while interviews were conducted with a smaller group, consisting of participants from each of these groups. The performance of these schools was assessed in terms of their impact on students' understanding of the community, willingness to serve, and school reputation. These aspects were evaluated through three tiers of community-friendly schools: community learning activities, activities in cooperation with community organizations, and community services organized by the school. The data analysis employed descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and linear regression models to highlight the significant impacts of these institutions. Key findings revealed that community-friendly schools significantly boosted student engagement in community activities, deepening their understanding of social issues and fostering a stronger sense of civic responsibility. Students' involvement in these programs was strongly linked to a deeper understanding of the community and a greater willingness to serve. These initiatives also positively impacted the school's reputation, as stakeholders perceived these schools as fostering meaningful community connections and shared responsibility.
Transforming Summer Literacy: How Innovative Programs Cultivate a Passion for Reading and Stronger Student Connections
Authors: Spears Amber Kirby , Isbell Janet Kesterson , Anderson Luke
Published: November 2024

This study examines the perspectives of children enrolled in a six-week summer literacy program and its impact on their attitudes toward books and reading. Specifically, the research aimed to explore how culturally relevant pedagogy and engaging literacy activities influenced children’s motivation to read by addressing the following two research questions: What are participants’ perspectives on the benefits of a summer literacy program? and What are participants’ perspectives on reading and books after immersion in a summer literacy program? The sample consisted of 21 children in grades 1–6. Using a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and open-ended questions, the study investigated participants’ perceptions of the program’s content, structure, and the quality of relationships with instructors and peers. The research focused on how the use of culturally relevant literature and enrichment activities shaped children's reading experiences and the role of child-staff relationships in fostering engagement. Outcomes revealed that the program's diverse literature, coupled with interactive activities, significantly contributed to cultivating a passion for reading. A supportive, nontraditional learning environment and positive relationships between children and staff further enhanced participants’ perceptions of reading and learning. This study highlights the effectiveness of innovative summer literacy programs in fostering a love for reading and strengthening student engagement.
The future of warfare. Anticipated changes in military trends
Authors: Hasanov Arif , Tahirov Rashad , Iskandarov Khayal
Published: November 2024

Purpose: to discuss the changes in the scientific and technical field, and examine their impact on military art.
Method: comparative analysis, and synthesis.
Findings: Today's military and political realities require the Armed Forces to be ready for wars that may occur at any time, including in the future, in order to ensure the country's national security. Because, as in the past, the struggle for natural resources, competition between states, aspirations for hegemony, as well as ideological differences and security concerns, which lead to military conflicts, will continue in the future. At the same time, the great progress achieved and expected in the field of technology will significantly change the traditional forms and methods of fighting. The study and skillful application of these forms and methods in the Armed Forces will be one of the main conditions for success in future wars. Scientific and technical progress affects all areas of human activity without exception, and has a noticeable effect on the development of methods and forms of war. In the future, the content and typology of military operations, strategy and tactics, forms and methods of application of armed forces will be formed under the influence of scientific and technical progress, mainly in the fields of artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and nanotechnology. For this reason, in order to study the nature of future wars, to predict the methods and forms of military operations, the article considers the causes of wars, discusses the changes in the scientific and technical field, and examines their impact on military art.
Theoretical implications: The paper enhances our understanding of significant transformations due to advancements in technology, changes in geopolitical dynamics, and evolving societal expectations, against the backdrop of the extensive use of autonomous systems, including drones, unmanned vehicles, and AI-powered decision-making tools.
Practical implications: The paper contibutes to the development of military strategies and operational plans, which consider how technological, social, and geopolitical changes will concretely affect the future warfare.
Value: The study offers significant value in understanding and predicting the nature and character of future warfare and provides multiple lenses through which to analyze the war and devise strategies in line with emerging security threats.
Обґрунтування показників та критеріїв для удосконалення методики оцінювання ефективності управління забезпеченням економічної безпеки агрофірм
Authors: Henchevska Viktoriia
Published: November 2024

Мета роботи: вибір та обґрунтування показників і критеріїв щодо управління забезпеченням економічної безпеки агрофірм у складних умовах російсько-української війни та на їх основі удосконалення методики адекватного оцінювання ефективності управління забезпеченням економічної безпеки агрофірм в умовах російсько-української війни (кризових ситуаціях).
Метод дослідження: методи аналізу та синтезу, метод системного підходу, методи експертного оцінювання та групування, графічний та абстрактно-логічний методи.
Практична цінність дослідження: проаналізовано існуючі показники економічної безпеки аграрних підприємств (агрофірм) та підходи до оцінювання рівня ефективності цього процесу; обґрунтовано показники та критерії щодо управління забезпеченням економічної безпеки агрофірм в складних умовах російсько-української війни та на їх основі удосконалено методику адекватного оцінювання ефективності управління забезпеченням економічної безпеки агрофірм в умовах російсько-української війни (кризових ситуаціях).
Цінність дослідження: удосконалена методика оцінювання ефективності управління забезпеченням економічної безпеки агрофірм за визначеними показниками та критеріями, які враховують всі складові економічної безпеки агрофірми та визначено зони економічної безпеки агрофірми, що дозволяє розробити комплекс заходів щодо забезпечення належного рівня економічної безпеки, підвищити ступінь економічної обґрунтованості прийняття рішення стосовно пріоритетності реакції агрофірми щодо самозбереження, стабілізації, формування конкурентної, інноваційної позицій або позиції забезпечення довгострокового потенціалу в межах забезпечення економічної безпеки агрофірми.
 Майбутні дослідження: напрямами подальших досліджень можуть бути формування стратегії управління забезпеченням економічної безпеки агрофірм; розроблення науково-методичного інструментарію для оцінювання управління забезпеченням економічної безпеки агрофірм; побудова моделі удосконалення процесу управління забезпеченням економічної безпеки агрофірм та алгоритму її імплементації.
Математична модель оцінювання ризиків функціонування об’єктів критичної інфраструктури на основі теорії нечіткої логіки
Authors: Murasov Rustam , Nikitin Anatolii , Meshcheriakov Ivan
Published: November 2024

Мета роботи: розробка математичної моделі оцінювання ризиків функціонування об’єктів критичної інфраструктури на основі теорії нечіткої логіки.
Метод: теорія ймовірності, теорія нечіткої логіки, метод центру ваги, моделювання.
Результати дослідження: розроблена математична модель оцінювання ризиків функціонування об’єктів критичної інфраструктури на основі теорії нечіткої логіки. На практичному прикладі обчислення нечітких та невизначених даних перевірена її адекватність.
Теоретична цінність дослідження: процес оцінювання ризиків в наслідок ударів противника став більш адаптивним і точним для подальших досліджень.
Cистемні передумови оцінювання загроз для об’єктів критичної енергетичної інфраструктури в умовах збройного протистояння в Україні
Authors: Khomik Mykola , Matsko Petro
Published: November 2024

Мета роботи: полягає у розробці підходів до системного оцінювання загроз і ризиків для об’єктів критичної енергетичної інфраструктури в умовах збройного конфлікту в Україні.
Метод дослідження: використовується теорія стохастичних процесів і системний аналіз.
Практична цінність дослідження: Запропонований підхід щодо системного оцінювання загроз і ризиків для об’єктів критичної енергетичної інфраструктури в умовах збройного конфлікту. Зазначений підхід передбачає розглядати воєнно-техногенну безпеку системи критичної енергетичної інфраструктури як стохастичну систему, яка  може перебувати в трьох станах. Користуючись графом «станів і переходів» було складено систему диференційних рівнянь (Колмогорова) для темпів («швидкості у часі») зміни імовірностей станів при зміні станів з відомими темпами переходів. Вирішення цієї системи рівнянь з врахуванням умов «стаціонарності» процесу переходів та «повноти» даної множини станів для їх імовірності, дозволило отримати імовірності перебування системи в кожному зі станів, математичне сподівання відвернених системою воєнно-техногенної безпеки збитків і нанесених системі збитків, тобто – потенціальний та реальний «ризик».
Майбутні дослідження: подальші дослідження слід спрямувати на системні дослідження оцінювання загроз і ризиків системі критичної енергетичної інфраструктури в аспекті воєнно-техногенної безпеки сил оборони України.
Тип статті: теоретичний.
How do social initiatives manage to scale?
Authors:   , van Lunenburg Marion Alexandra
Published: November 2024

Social initiatives, developed within or outside public organizations, are an important driver of innovation in the public sector. Decentralization allows experimentation at the local level. When proven effective experiments are scaled, more residents can benefit from the innovation. It also avoids unnecessary waste of public resources by not reinventing the wheel each time. However, scaling social initiatives is challenging in practice, and (academic) knowledge on this is scarce. Therefore, 'How do social initiatives manage to scale?" is the central question of this dissertation.
The dissertation consists of a broad literature review and three empirical studies focusing on initiatives in the areas of mental health, debt and labour participation in the highly decentralized social sector in the Netherlands. These initiatives are often difficult to commercialize, operate in or just outside public organizations and are (almost) entirely dependent on public funding.
The systematic literature review shows that the purpose of scaling - increasing impact - is the result of two main strategic choices in scaling: the direction of scaling and the organizational form, which are influenced by actor characteristics such as ambition and entrepreneurial skills, and by environmental support. The literature review provides a framework for follow-up studies in different disciplines.
The sub-study of actor characteristics shows that entrepreneurial skills are more important than a central position (read: within a public organization) when focusing on effectiveness. Contrary to expectations, this is also true for mobilizing stakeholders. However, entrepreneurial skills are a condition and not a guarantee for successful scaling, because scaling happens in interaction with the environment. Sometimes initiators join forces in this process.
The exploratory study on the role of accelerators in the public sector context shows that this concept must be understood in a different way than in the private sector. Accelerators occur in temporary collaboration forms and focus not only on initiators but also on policy advisors and professionals. Their contribution to the scaling process is mainly the provision of networks and is difficult to measure. The study shows that accelerators can play a coordinating role in scaling and connecting networks. Further research is needed to better understand what this role looks like and how it relates to other roles.
This dissertation shows that there is potential to scale good initiatives, but in the Dutch social sector this is often done on an ad hoc basis and little attention is paid to effectiveness. A shared vision of scaling and the various roles in it would be a first step towards a sustainable ecosystem for scaling.
More than numbers
Authors:   , Strikwerda Jelle
Published: November 2024

Pension participants in the Netherlands face complex decisions while the stakes are high. ‘Wrong’ decisions (i.e., decisions that do no match participants’ interests) can have undesirable consequences for the individual participant (e.g., a low or even insufficient pension benefit, or, alternatively an unhappy personal life) and ultimately for society at large (e.g., citizens in poverty or dissatisfied citizens). Therefore, adequate decision support is required. This dissertation examined how communication can enhance appropriate pension decision making.
In contrast to the pension domain, extensive research has been conducted in the medical domain on decision support. Parallels between pension decision and medical decisions formed the basis for a literature study aimed to apply lessons from the medical domain to pension decisions, such as the relevance of Fuzzy-Trace Theory (FTT) as theory for decision making and the potential suitability of Value Clarification Methods as a type of decision support.
The assumption of FTT is that in decision making, people rely on the gist of information as opposed to verbatim details. This means they boil down information about the decision (such as the consequences of the decision alternatives) into a meaningful difference for themselves. This requires them to take various dimensions into account that might be affected by the consequences of the decision alternatives, whereas pension information is usually presented one-dimensionally (exact monetary amounts related to the decision alternatives). Based on interviews with pension experts and participants, a number of dimensions have been identified for pension decisions: life expectancy, (in)sufficient income, financial maximization, work-life balance, and job satisfaction.
Three types of decision support interventions were then designed, with the dimensions that emerged from the interviews as input: a) a traditional pros and cons text, b) a Value Clarification Method (VCM), and c) testimonials. The interventions were examined in two experimental field studies with pension participants (N = 2.328, N = 500) to assess their effectiveness in decision support. The first study showed an activating effect of the VCM and the testimonials, while the second study found no clear differences.
Finally, interviews were conducted to gain more insight into how people perceive and reason about parties that communicate about pensions in the (Dutch) pension field, such as employers, pension providers, and the government. The perceived trustworthiness of these sources can affect effective decision support. Participants trust their employers and acquaintances, but question their expertise, while they consider the pension providers and the government knowledgeable, but distrust their motives. As to building trust, face-to-face communication appears to be an important medium.
This research provides valuable insights for designing and examining communication intended to support pension decision making and can serve as an inspiration for future studies on pension communication.
Advanced Imaging Techniques for Knee and Ankle Pathologies
Authors:   , Arbabi Saeed
Published: November 2024

This thesis presents innovative applications of deep learning and statistical shape modeling (SSM) in musculoskeletal imaging, with a focus on knee and ankle pathologies, such as osteoarthritis, enthesitis, and impingement. The aim is to advance diagnostic precision and quantification of these conditions while minimizing patient risk, particularly by avoiding radiation exposure.

Chapter 1 introduces the challenges in diagnosing musculoskeletal pathologies, underscoring the need for accurate and radiation-free imaging modalities. Conventional imaging techniques like CT and MRI are discussed, emphasizing their limitations in capturing fine anatomical details necessary for diagnosing early-stage diseases. The potential of synthetic CT (sCT), which generates CT-like images from MRI data, is highlighted as a promising alternative.

Chapter 2 details the use of SSM for quantifying morphological variations in the talus bone related to ankle impingement. A case-control study compared talus shapes from individuals with and without impingement, identifying key shape modes that distinguish between the groups. This study demonstrates the clinical relevance of SSM in identifying subtle structural differences and potential surgical planning applications.

Chapter 3 explores the feasibility of MRI-based sCT in detecting knee osteoarthritis (OA) and compares its diagnostic capabilities to conventional CT. A machine learning algorithm trained on MRI data generated sCT images, achieving comparable diagnostic accuracy for bone-related OA features. The findings support sCT’s potential to reduce radiation exposure in OA imaging while providing comparable diagnostic quality.

Chapters 4 and 5 focus on the automatic quantification of small inflammatory pathologies, specifically heel enthesitis and ankle tenosynovitis, using deep learning. These studies address the limitations of manual scoring systems, which are time-consuming and subjective. The developed deep learning models achieved reliable segmentation and quantification of inflammation, paving the way for automated, reproducible assessments of inflammatory arthritis in clinical practice.

Chapter 6 discusses the broader clinical implications of these findings, emphasizing how advanced imaging techniques could streamline diagnostic workflows, improve patient outcomes, and reduce healthcare costs. This chapter also addresses future research directions, such as expanding sCT applications to other joints and integrating AI-driven quantification into routine clinical practice.

The work culminates in software tools developed to facilitate these imaging techniques, providing accessible, reproducible assessments that support clinical decision-making. This thesis lays the groundwork for advancing musculoskeletal imaging through AI and SSM, offering a vision for radiation-free, accurate diagnostics across diverse clinical contexts.
Earth's Weathering Continuum
Authors:   , Müller Gerrit
Published: November 2024

Weathering, the chemical transformations of rocks and sediments in water, globally redistributes elements and modulates global carbon cycling and ocean acid-base chemistry on geological timescales. Concepts and models of the global biogeochemical cycles have largely focused on rock weathering on land. Here, I systematically investigate the role of marine sediment weathering, i.e., chemical reactions between rock and soil-derived minerals, biological remains and seawater, in the global cycles of the elements and in the regulation of planetary conditions. Based on data compilations, statistical and mechanistic models, I quantify material fluxes from land to sea, systematically conceptualize the factors governing marine weathering dynamics, and derive chemical exchange fluxes between seawater and sediments.
Marine weathering can either release or consume nutrients, carbon dioxide, major and trace elements at rates that vary by several orders of magnitude in different sedimentary environments. These dynamics are governed by terrestrial and marine sediment sources and by the biological and physical conditions of deposition. Shallow nearshore environments appear to play a prominent role that is unproportionally large compared to their spatial extent and particularly susceptible to environmental change. Consequently, weathering is most accurately thought of as a continuum of chemical reactions in a succession of environments, the relative distribution of which eventually determines the global net weathering flux and effects on ocean biogeochemistry and carbon cycling.
Navigating School Transitions: The Formation and Maintenance of Adolescents’ Educational Identity
Authors:   , Christiaens Annabelle Henriëtte Theresia
Published: November 2024

Structured school transitions, like the transition from primary to secondary education and from secondary to tertiary education, are impactful life events for adolescents that can stimulate growth or disrupt development. Around these school transitions, adolescents explore their interests, needs, and capabilities to find an education that fits their sense of who they are and who they wish to become. Although most adolescents seem to more successfully navigate school transitions, others struggle with this task. In this dissertation, adolescents’ school transition experiences were examined through the lens of an educational identity framework since adolescents' attempts to find a fitting education may increase engagement with identity formation and maintenance processes. Specifically, this dissertation aimed to examine how and why adolescents differ in their educational identity development around school transitions to offer new insights on 1) how adolescents form and maintain their educational identity, and 2) factors related to this development that may aid or hinder adolescents’ ability to navigate their school transition. This dissertation presents novel insights regarding the role of the school transition in the meaning and relevance of specific identity processes. Additionally, several developmental patterns were observed including a normative trend of identity maturation characterized by growing identity commitments but also regressive changes towards identity crisis among a significant proportion of youth. Findings highlighted the negative effects of anxiety and self-doubt on educational identity development and how adolescents’ social environment can be a vital source of support and connection to promote healthy exploration and affirm adolescents’ sense of fit in their education.
Towards climate-neutral district heating in the EU
Authors:   , Manz Pia Susanne Edith
Published: November 2024

Achieving the target of a climate-neutral energy system in the European Union necessitates the transition to heating solutions in buildings eliminating the use of fossil fuels. District heating is potentially an important component in this transition.
This thesis explores the role of district heating systems in a climate-neutral energy system, addressing challenges such as reduced heat demand due to thermal renovations of buildings and the phasing out of fossil fuels in district heating generation. Detailed empirical data analysis, spatial analysis and scenario-based methods with high-resolution data sets were utilised to quantify the potential demand and supply of district heating in the future. The results indicate that the demand could increase significantly compared to current levels. Large supply potentials can be expected from geothermal and biomass resources as well as from heat pumps at wastewater treatment plants or surface water. Excess heat from industrial processes will play a minor role as its potential decreases due to industrial transformation to low-carbon processes. Overall, district heating systems could be expanded and decarbonized in the future.
Task-based search for municipal knowledge workers
Authors:   , Schoegje Thomas Martin
Published: November 2024

The municipality of Utrecht works with an overwhelming amount of information. It is important that citizens and public servants have effective tools to search for relevant information. A challenge when creating search engines is that users such as citizens have different information needs than users such as council members. This is most noticeable when users have very complex and (domain)specific needs. These require specialised functionality.

A standard search engine cannot satisfy the diverse and specific information needs of all user groups at the same time. Therefore, we characterise the search tasks of different user groups and develop specialised search functionality to support those tasks. We investigate which tasks are already supported by existing systems, and which require a new kind of support.

Over the course of four studies, we implemented multiple search engines and tested whether these help employees perform their tasks more effectively and efficiently. First, we developed a search engine for council information to support the tasks of council members. Second, we introduced a search engine that supports the web-based search tasks of policy workers, where our results indicated that many of their tasks are solved by getting help from the right person. Third, we supported this search behaviour by developing a search engine that helps employees get into contact with colleagues who have relevant expertise. Finally, we enhanced the original search engine for council information by automatically generating timelines of political dossiers. This let us present individual search results in their political context.

The proposed solutions are domain-specific and have been evaluated at one municipality only. However, we found that user groups at other municipalities perform the same tasks, and these tasks are also found in other large organisations. Hence, we expect the specific functionality could be standardised for municipalities, and adapted to support similar tasks in other domains.
Neurobehavioral Monitoring: A Multimodal Perspective
Authors:   , Arasteh Emamzadeh Hashemi Emad
Published: November 2024

Optimal care for newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), especially for premature infants, requires innovative methods to monitor vital functions and behavior. Although current monitoring techniques are proven effective, many of these techniques are burdensome, lack personalization, and have limited capabilities. Therefore, these techniques must be further developed and expanded to support more personalized and practical treatment in the NICU. In this context, this dissertation is part of the INFANS project (Integrating Functional Assessment Measures for Neonatal Health), a European collaboration funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 program. This research focuses on enhancing real-time clinical decision-making in the early postnatal period through innovative neuro-monitoring in three areas: (1) sleep and vital functions, (2) brain maturation, and (3) personalized circulation management.

The first part of the dissertation investigates the monitoring of sleep and vital signs in newborns and children, integrating techniques such as near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), heart rate, respiratory rate, and ultra-wideband radar. By applying machine learning algorithms to the data collected from these techniques, we developed minimally invasive and contactless methods for behavioral (sleep) and vital sign monitoring that are suitable for daily intensive care use.

The second part focuses on assessing brain maturation, which is particularly crucial for newborns at high risk of developmental problems, such as those born extremely prematurely. Multi-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) data collected during the early postnatal days was analyzed using a deep neural network (DNN). This analysis compares predicted with actual age to provide insight into long-term brain development effects.

The final part of the dissertation explores personalized treatment strategies for severely premature infants. This section includes monitoring arterial blood pressure, oxygen saturation, NIRS, and EEG to optimize circulatory treatments and evaluate the risk of brain hemorrhage. These personalized strategies have the potential to improve the long-term outcomes for NICU newborns. In summary, this dissertation examines neuro-monitoring algorithms that combine information from multiple modalities using innovative analysis methods to optimize care for vulnerable newborns.
Qur’an Translation and Reformist daʿwa: Ideology, Literacy, and Modernity in West Java
Authors: Rohmana Jajang A.
Published: November 2024

Qur'an translation was an important element of the daʿwa activities of reformist Muslims in West Java at the beginning of the twentieth century, as is reflected in the publication of the Sundanese translation of Ahmad Hassan's Tafsir Al-Foerqan, as well as other Qur'an translations penned by his friends and associates. These Sundanese translations not only promote a reformist ideology, but also demonstrate a shift in the formation of translation and literary culture in West Java: from interlinear word-for-word to verse-for-verse translation; from handwriting to printed books; and from Arabic ( jawi and pegon) script to Roman script. This article explores this new tradition of Qur'an translations. Written for the modern era, they differed from the interpretive translations taught in the traditional Javanese Islamic schools ( pesantren) and were influenced by a wave of reformist ideas originating from the Middle East during the late nineteenth century.
The Qur’an in Malayalam: Contextualising Early iṣlāḥī Translations
Authors: Thanveer P.M. Musthafa
Published: November 2024

This article is an exploration of the texts and historical contexts of the early translations of the Qur'an into the South Indian language of Malayalam. Attempts at Malayalam translations of the Qur'an started in the 1930s. The present study deals with the translation projects that emerged between the 1930s and 1965. It showcases the situatedness of these translations in the colonial experiences of the region, as well as in the discursiveness of global Islamic trends. It also looks at the theological controversies these translations evoked within the Muslim community.
Krónikus vesebetegség kezelése – az SGLT-2-gátlás alapterápia
Authors: Brasnyó Pál
Published: November 2024

A krónikus vesebetegség (CKD) jelentős közegészségügyi probléma, amely becslések szerint 850 millió embert érint világszerte. A CKD vezető oka a cukorbetegség és a magasvérnyomás-betegség, amelyek együttesen a végstádiumú vesebetegségben szenvedők több mint 50%-át teszik ki. A CKD növeli a stroke, az alsó végtagi perifériás érbetegség, a daganatos betegségek, a cardiovascularis betegségek (koszorúér-betegség, szívelégtelenség stb.) kockázatát. A korai felismerés kulcsfontosságú a vesebetegség, annak progressziója és a kapcsolódó szövődmények megelőzésében. A nátrium-glükóz kotranszporter-2 (SGLT-2) -gátlók használata még nem széles körű, annak ellenére, hogy a folyamatosan bővülő klinikai adatok alapján egyre több terápiás irányelv részét képezik, hiszen többek között a krónikus vesebetegségben szenvedő betegeknél csökkentik a vesebetegség progresszióját vagy a cardiovascularis eredetű halálozás kockázatát. Fontos lenne az SGLT-2-gátlók szélesebb körű alkalmazását célzó stratégiák kidolgozása, hiszen populációs szintű előnyökre csak így számíthatunk.
Hypercalcaemia hosszú trópusi tartózkodás után – a D-vitamin-túladagolás tanulságos esete
Authors: Sági Veronika , Gáll András , Bányász Emese , Riczu Alexandra , Hanuska Adrienn , Ligeti Éva
Published: November 2024

Esettanulmányunkban egy 53 éves férfi kivizsgálását és kezelését mutatjuk be, aki az elmúlt két évben Közép-Amerikában élt falusi környezetben. Infektológiai osztályos felvételére gyengeség, hányás, subfebrilitas, bőrkiütések, exsiccosis, polyuria miatt, trópusi fertőző betegség gyanújával került sor, azonban laborvizsgálata során igazolódott 3,42 mmol/l-es szérumkalciumszintje új irányt adott a további vizsgálatoknak. Tumorkutatás negatív eredménnyel zárult, azonban mérhetetlenül magas D-vitamin-szint, több szervben manifesztálódó lágyrész-meszesedés, hypercalcaemia okozta renalis diabetes insipidus, következményes exsiccosis, ennek rendezése után megmutatkozó jelentős renalis anaemia, tubularis proteinuria, beszűkült vesefunkció igazolódott. Perzisztáló hypercalcaemiája végül biszfoszfonát adására rendeződött, ezt követően a renalis diabetes insipidus és a tubularis proteinuria regrediált, emissziót követően a beteg alig javuló vesefunkció, enyhe glucosuriában, hypokalaemiában és kifejezett renalis anaemiában megnyilvánuló maradandó tubularis károsodás miatt nefrológiai gondozásba és EPO-programba került.
Novel Technique to compute the Sum of Geometric Series on Fraction
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: November 2024

Nowadays, the growing complexity of mathematical and computational modelling demands the simplicity of mathematical equations to solve today’s scientific problems and meet challenges. In this paper, the author introduces a new method to compute the sum of geometric series on fraction. This computational technique can enable the students and scholars to enhance their research knowledge in the domain of computing and mathematical sciences.
Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Ozingstyle di Kota Jombang
Authors: Widya Sari Selvi , M. Sabir Fitriana
Published: November 2024

Dalam penelitian ini untuk bertujuan menguji pengaruh kualitas layanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Ozingstylesecara langsung maupun secara online. Ozingstyle merupakan Toko yang bergerak di bidang fashion. Ozingstyle mempromosikan produknya melalui media sosial. Promosi adalah salah satu teknik untuk menarik perhatian pelanggan atau konsumen. Data didapatkan sesudah memberikan kuisioner kepada 30 responden pelanggan Ozingstyle dengan metode Purposive Sampling.Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Jombang. Penelitian inimenghasilkan atau menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan pelanggan terhadap pelayanan berpengaruh yang sangat besar dan loyalitas pelanggan semakin meningkat.Semakin banyak tingkat kepercayaan maka semakin banyak juga terhadap niat bel di Ozingstyle kota Jombang. Kualitas layanan mempunyai dampakyang positif terhadap loyalitas para pelanggan. Kepuasan dan kepercayaan pelanggan mampu memicu niat kembali untuk berbelanja di Ozingstyle kota Jombang. Kepuasan pelangganadalah cara pelangganmengapresiasi antara kenyataan dengan harapan konsumen setelah mencoba suatu produk atau jasa. Layanan kepuasan pelanggan adalah bagian penting dari pengalaman layanan pelanggan. kepuasan pelanggan didasarkan pada kepuasan terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan oleh ozingstyle kepada konsumen.
Penggunaan Dompet Digital Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian dan Gaya Hidup Generasi Milenial (Studi Pada Aparatur Sipil Negara)
Authors: Heni Wijayanti  , Utami Rachma Bhakti
Published: November 2024

Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) generasi milenial di DKI Jakarta sudah sangat akrab dalam penggunaan dompet digital bentuk kartu elektronik (e-money). Hal ini dikarenakan mobilitas sehari-hari banyak menggunakan transportasi publik seperti Transjakarta, LRT, MRT, dan KRL. Berbagai fasilitas publik lain juga sudah menggunakan transaksi pembayaran elektronik seperti fasilitas kesehatan, pusat perbelanjaan, bahkan pasar tradisional. Inovasi pada pembayaran fasilitas publik ini menuntut masyarakat DKI Jakarta khususnya para ASN untuk menggunakan dompet digital. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui pengaruh dompet digital terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen, serta pengaruhnya terhadap gaya hidup konsumen khususnya para ASN yang masuk dalam generasi milenial. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Peneliti melakukan wawancara kepada 4 (empat) responden. Responden merupakan Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) generasi milenial dengan rentang usia 31 tahun s.d. 37 tahun. Lokus penelitian yaitu instansi pemerintah di Kota Jakarta Pusat. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, hasil menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan dompet digital berdampak signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, dan gaya hidup ASN generasi milenial. Seiring meningkatnya penggunaan dompet digital saat ini, maka perlu dilakukan edukasi kepada masyarakat khususnya ASN generasi milenial mengenai literasi keuangan agar mampu mengelola keuangannya dimasa depan.