bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers and County-Level Education Expenditure in China
Authors: Huang Bin , Dong Yunxia , Miao Jingjing , Xu Caiqun
Published: May 2019

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to investigate the impact of various types of intergovernmental fiscal transfers on local public education expenditure at the county level in China and to estimate the leakage of categorical subsidies for rural compulsory education.

Design/Approach/Methods

It is a quantitative study. The paper constructs a quantile regression model and adopt data collected in 2007 for 1,985 counties in China to examine the impact of relevant fiscal transfers.

Findings

The results reveal that most intergovernmental fiscal transfers exert a substitution effect on the local education expenditure, whereas subsidies for rural compulsory education from the Central Government have a crowding-out effect on education investments from local financial resources. Although the subsidy program generally narrows the education expenditure disparity across counties, there are heterogeneous effects across different regions.

Originality/Value

The paper estimates and compares the impact of fiscal transfers on both the level and disparity of local public education in different regions, and provides a possible explanation for the crowding-out effect of fiscal transfers in China.
Pentingnya Mempelajari Administrasi dan Supervisi Pendidikan
Authors: savira Intan Putri , Afriansyah Hade
Published: May 2019

Education administration is the whole process of all joint activities that must be carried out by all parties that have something to do with educational tasks. The purpose of writing this article is to give the authors opinion about the immportance of studying education administration and supervision. The technique is library research. As a student engaged in the world of education, it is fitting to understand what education administration is so that it can carry out its duties properly.
The role of Emotional Intelligence on Workplace Bullying and Individual's Work performance
Authors: Gunawardena Sanduni
Published: May 2019

Even though emotional intelligence has been proposed to mitigatethe adverse effects of stressful situations such as workplace bullying,previous studies have yet failed to explain as to how emotionalintelligence affects the relationship between workplace bullying andindividual work performance. Accordingly, this paper aims to explain theeffect of emotional intelligence on the relationship between workplacebullying and work performance. A survey was conducted among 230managerial level employees and their supervisors in the fast-movingconsumer goods industry. Emotional intelligence and workplacebulling were measured through a self-administered questionnaire whiletheir performance was assessed by supervisors. Data was analysedusing structural equation modelling (SEM) with AMOS software. Theempirical data supported the negative relationship between workplacebullying and an individual’s work performance. Study also finds thatperson-related bullying was the most influential form of bullyingthat affects an individual’s work performance. Furthermore, studyrevealed that the negative relationship between workplace bullyingand work performance is weaker for those with high El and strongerfor those with low El. Theoretical contribution of this paper is theextension of our understanding of workplace bullying on individual’swork performance by bringing emotional intelligence as a moderator.The paper recommends to managers to use emotional intelligenceas a strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of workplace bullying onindividuals’ work performance.
PESONA WISATA AIR CURUG NANGKA DI BOGOR
Authors: Dudywanti Sisil Ihfa
Published: May 2019

The waterfall remains a bustling tourist culture. Curug Nangka included the attraction high potential because still original. The development of Curug Nangka waterfall need to be enhanced and becomes tourism object especially in Bogor regency. In addition to the enhancements described with the support of the local government that serves as a facilitator for the development of tourism in terms of the Bogor City’s policies and planning. Furthermore, the government together with other tourism stakeholders must coordinate and cooperate in realizing the Bogor City tourism development that better in the future.
GHAZAN KHAN : PEMBAHARU MUSLIM DARI MONGOL
Authors: Nuryana Zalik
Published: May 2019

Islam memiliki sejarah panjang dan variasi model penyebaran yang unik dan berliku. Jika dilihat dari perspektif Barat, maka Islam tidak lebih dari sebuah ajaran yang diperjuangkan dengan darah dan pedang. Namun sebaliknya, justru Islam telah melakukan pembebasan bagi masyarakat lokal yang ditindas atas hegemoni dua imperium besar saat itu yakni Persia dan Romawi.Kemunculan Bangsa Mongol di bawah pimpinan Chengis Khan merupakan bagian dari sejarah dunia yang menarik dan popular, terutama bagi sejarah peradaban umat Islam. Hal ini disebabkan karena, sejarah tidak dapat membuktikan secara akurat tentang babak baru sejarah kejadian bangsa tersebut. Sejarawan juga memberikan respon positif karena Bangsa Mongol meninggalkan sumbangsih dalam kemajuan peradaban. Keturunan Chengis, dalam sejarah Islam bahkan dalam sejarah dunia meninggalkan pengaruh sangat signifikan bagi peradaban umat manusia.Dinasti Ilkhan menjadi pusat peradaban dan masa keemasan di masa Ghazan Khan. Ghazan adalah pemimpin yang membawa perubahan kemajuan dan membawa dinasti Ilkhan sebagai dinasti yang paling maju dalam sejarah bangsa Mongol Islam. Tidak banyak yang mengenal Ghazan, ia masuk Islam diikuti oleh pasukannya, dan kemudian menjadikan menjadikan Islam sebagai agama resmi negaranya saat itu. Makalah ini membahas tentang biografi dan pembaharuan yang dilakukan oleh Ghazan Khan. Tulisan ini adalah salah satu tugas kuliah S2 di UIN Sunan Kalijaga dan terbit di Majalah Suara Muhammadiyah edisi 15 1-15 Agustus 2017. Sumber primer tulisan ini adalah buku karya Prof. Dr. Abdul Karim, M.A., M.A
PENDIDIKAN SEBAGAI MEDIA PENANAMAN NILAI MULTIKULTURAL : Studi penerapan pendidikan multikultural di SDEK Mangunan Yogyakarta
Authors: Nuryana Zalik
Published: May 2019

Paper ini adalah hasil penelitian pada tahun 2016. Dilakukan di SDEK Mangunan Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana penerapan pendidikan multikultural di SDEK Mangunan Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini perlu dilakukan karena Indonesia adalah salah satu negara multikultural terbesar di dunia. Kenyataan ini dapat dilihat dari kondisi sosio-kultural maupun geografis yang begitu beragam dan luas. Keragaman ini diakui atau tidak akan dapat menimbulkan berbagai persoalan, seperti korupsi, kolusi, nepotisme, kemiskinan, kekerasan, perusakan lingkungan, separatisme, dan hilangnya rasa kemanusiaan untuk menghormati hak-hak orang lain, merupakan bentuk nyata sebagai bagian dari multikulturalisme tersebut.Berdasarkan permasalahan di atas, maka diperlukan strategi khusus untuk memecahkan persoalan tersebut melalui berbagai bidang; sosial, ekonomi, budaya, dan pendidikan. Berkaitan dengan hal ini, maka pendidikan multikultural menawarkan satu alternatif melalui penerapan strategi dan konsep pendidikan yang berbasis pada pemanfaatan keragaman yang ada di masyarakat, khususnya yang ada pada siswa seperti keragaman etnis, budaya, bahasa, agama, status sosial, gender, kemampuan, umur, dll. Karena itulah yang terpenting dalam pendidikan multikultural adalah seorang guru tidak hanya dituntut untuk menguasai dan mampu secara profesional mengajarkan mata pelajaran yang diajarkan.
CURRICULUM 2013 AND THE FUTURE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nuryana Zalik
Published: May 2019

Education curriculum change in a country is an absoluteness. Curriculum change in Indonesia. The effort of education improvement at school is a part of curriculum innovation adjusted with era development, including Islamic Education. PAI curriculum determines types and quality of education and experience that enables graduates to have global insight and curriculum development is a continuous process which is performed. Efforts, as performed in Indonesia, is by current Curriculum 2013, which is expected to become the future of Islamic Education in Indonesia. The problem arises when PAI teacher does not comprehend curriculum 2013, which becomes a reference in implementing the education. Ironically, the incomprehension occurs in a school which almost becomes a K13 pilot project. A teacher is supposed to understand and comprehend K13 start from planning, implementation, evaluation, and learning of PAI. The innovation of scientific approach in PAI learning and authentic assessment has not performed as expected.This research is aimed to know the implementation of Curriculum 2013 in PAI lessons at school. It is done because K13 is expected to be the future of PAI development in Indonesia. This research is conducted at school as an observation place (field research) using qualitative approach by explaining in descriptive analysis. The data collected using observation, interview, and document study which is furthermore processed and analyzed. The research result indicates that: (1) Curriculum 2013 that should be understood by PAI teacher as a reference of learning implementation has not fully understood. (2) the implementation reference of planning, implementation, and evaluation of K13 on PAI lesson has not fully implemented. (3) Scientific approach and authentic assessment have not been understood and implemented by PAI teacher. This research also provides suggestion to (1) Relevant agency to perform accompaniment and monitoring towards the implementation of K13 on PAI lesson at school. (2) Teacher of PAI should understand and implement K13 as the implementation reference, planning, and evaluation that have been determined so that K13 becomes the future of Islamic Education in Indonesia.
Administrasi Kurikulum
Authors: Tunsadiah Latifa
Published: May 2019

The curriculum is the whole activity designed by the school for provide various experiences to students, both inside and outside class. The curriculum is not only synonymous with subject matter, but all activities designed by schools to develop students personal capacities as well included in the curriculum.Education is a human process which must be developed with human needs. Human needs always developing at any time together rapidly change era.
The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on within- and cross-paradigm transfer following multi-session backward recall training
Authors: Byrne Elizabeth Mary , Ewbank Michael , Gathercole Susan Elizabeth , Holmes Joni
Published: May 2019

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to enhance the efficacy and generalisation of working memory (WM) training, but there has been little systematic investigation into how coupling task-specific WM training with stimulation impacts more specifically on transfer to untrained tasks. This randomised controlled trial investigated the boundary conditions to transfer by testing whether firstly the benefits of training on backward digit recall (BDR) extend to untrained backward recall tasks and n-back tasks with different materials, and secondly which, if any, form of transfer is enhanced by tDCS. Forty-eight participants were allocated to one of three conditions: BDR training with anodal (10 min, 1mA) or sham tDCS, or visual search training with sham tDCS, applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Transfer was assessed on within- (backward recall with digits, letters, and spatial locations) and cross-paradigm (n-back with digits and letters) transfer tests following three sessions of training and stimulation. On-task training gains were found, with transfer to other backward span but not n-back tasks. There was little evidence that tDCS either enhanced the rate or magnitude of on-task training or transfer gains. These findings indicate that training enhances paradigm-specific processes within WM, but that tDCS does not enhance these gains.
The Role of Vision in the Emergence of Mate Preferences
Authors: Scheller Meike , Matorres Francine , Tompkins Lucy , Little Anthony C. , de Sousa Alexandra A.
Published: May 2019

Cross-cultural research has repeatedly demonstrated sex differences in the importance of different partner characteristics when choosing a mate. Men typically report higher preferences for younger, more physically attractive women, while women prefer men that are wealthier and of higher status. As the assessment of such partner characteristics often relies on visual cues, this raises the question whether visual experience is necessary for sex-specific mate preferences to develop. To shed more light onto the emergence of sex differences in mate choice, the current study assessed how preferences for attractiveness, resources, and personality factors differ between sighted and blind individuals using an online questionnaire. We further investigate the role of social factors and sensory cue selection in these sex differences. Our sample consisted of 94 sighted and blind participants with different ages of blindness-onset, 19 blind/28 sighted males, and 19 blind/28 sighted females. Results replicated well-documented findings in the sighted, with men placing more importance on physical attractiveness and women placing more importance on status and resources. However, while physical attractiveness was less important to blind men, blind women considered physical attractiveness as important as sighted women. The importance of a high status and likeable personality was not influenced by sightedness. Blind individuals considered auditory cues more important than visual cues, while sighted males showed the opposite pattern. Further, relationship status and indirect, social influences were related to preferences. Overall, our findings shed light on the availability of visual information for the emergence of sex differences in mate preference.
Efficiency of HPV DNA Test versus Pap Smear in the Screening of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Pradhan Renee , Pant U. , Aryal B.
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Cancer cervix is a common genital cancer. Human papillomavirus is the main cause of cervical cancer because of the strong association of certain HPV genotypes and the development of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CIN 2 or CIN3.

Methods: The study was conducted on 180 gynecological patients seen at the outpatient department of Manipal Hospital, Bangalore. A comparative study of HPV DNA test with Pap smear in the screening of cervical neoplasia was carried out over the period of 24 months from August 2011 to June 2013.

Results: The incidence of cervical cancer and its associated mortality has declined in recent years, largely due to the widespread implementation of screening programs by Pap smear testing. The management and the prevention of cervical cancer should change with HPV DNA testing for high risk HPV, which is more sensitive than pap smear testing. Infection of cervix with HPV is necessary to cause cervical neoplasia and cervical cancer. Persistent infection with HPV is required for the development of cervical dysplasia and invasive cervical cancer.

Conclusions: HPV testing alone for primary screening appears promising in women aged 30 years and older as this group is at greatest risk of developing CIN 3. As compared with Pap testing, HPV testing has greater sensitivity for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
PENGARUH ATRIBUT PRODUK WISATA, ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN BERKUNJUNG KE OBYEK WISATA BRUJUL ADVENTURE PARK KEBUMEN
Authors: Azizah Siti Nur
Published: May 2019

This research aims to test the effect of tourism product attributs, electronic word of mouth and promotion of tourist decision to visiting tourist attraction Brujul Adventure Park Kebumen. This research is motivated by a  in the increasing number of tourists who visited that attraction Brujul Adventure Park (BAP) Kebumen.The collection of data by using a questionnaires with a number of samples 100 respondents who visited attraction Brujul Adventure Park (BAP) and find out Brujul Adventure Park (BAP) information via internet. This research method, using the technique of non-probability sampling with purposive sampling method. Data obtained from questionnaires, then processed and analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis through the SPSS 23 software.The result of this research shows that independent variables the tourism product attributs, and electronic word of mouth has a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable that is the decision to visit by using t test. While the attributes of tourism products have no significant effect on the decision of visiting by using t test. Then through f test shows that the three independent variables are proper to examine the dependent variable. Adjusted R Square of 0,683 shows that the independent variables can explain 68,3% the dependent variable that is decision to visit, while the remaining 31,7% is explained by other variables outside of variable that used in this research.
HOMESTAY DESA WISATA DI INDONESIA – Bagaimana Persepsi Masyarakat Kota?
Authors: Ningrum Lestari
Published: May 2019

Saat akan berlibur, wisatawan cenderung memilih destinasi wisata dan akomodasinya. Di destinasi desa wisata, akomodasi yang tersedia adalah homestay. Selain menawarkan harga yang lebih murah, homestay juga memberikan kesempatan kepada wisatawan untuk mengenal lebih banyak dalam budaya dan kebiasaan dari warga setempat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat persepsi masyarakat yang tinggal di perkotaan di wilayah Indonesia tentang homestay di desa wisata yang ada di Indonesia.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan survey berbasis media sosial. teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara acak (probability sampling) sesuai area (cluster) responden yang tinggal di kota dan di dapat sebanyak 707 responden. Untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian di gunakan uji deskriptif statistik.Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa mayoritas usia responden adalah 20-30 tahun, berjenis kelamin wanita, bekerja sebagai pegawai/karyawan dengan frekuensi berlibur 2 kali setahunnya bersama keluarga dan destinasi desa wisata di Pantai Indonesia. Secara keseluruhan persepsi masyarakat kota tertarik dengan homestay dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata (3.0)
Local Wisdom in Shifting Cultivation Management of Dayak Ngaju Community, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Nopembereni Eti Dewi , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Sukesi Keppi , Yuliati Yayuk
Published: May 2019

This study aims to identify the local wisdom in the management system of shifting cultivation in Dayak Ngaju, Central Kalimantan. The study was conducted at Mantangai Tengah Village and Mantangai Hilir Village, Mantangai District, Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan. Purposive sampling was used as the method to determine the location and sample of the research (70 people). The primary data used were farmers or cultivators and key informants while the secondary data were obtained from BPS and related agencies. The analysis of the data was done by using a descriptive qualitative technique. The results show that the management system of shifting cultivation conducted by local people cannot be separated from the local wisdom in the community. This is indicated by some activities which explain that phenomena such as forest clearing, land burning, land management, technology utilization, and ceremony accompanying the activities of shifting cultivation. Communities live in a harmonious relationship with forests and land, manage land in a limited area (1-2 ha) without the risk of land fires, live in communal and mutual cooperation (gotong-royong), and have local knowledge that has a positive value.JEL Classification: D19, O33, O35
Tidal generated electric field in the multi-layer structure and the possibilities of its employment for deriving the elastic properties and permeability of the subsurface formations
Authors: Alekseev D. A. , Gokhberg M. B.
Published: May 2019

An analytical solution of pore pressure equations with a perturbation source in the form of lunar-solar tidal deformations is generalized to the case of a model with the arbitrary number of layers. The electric field of electrokinetic nature is calculated. The sensitivity of pore pressure and its vertical derivative to the elastic properties and permeability of rock strata is evaluated. The program code for solving the inverse problem capable of recovering the Biot modulus and Biot coefficient as well as permeability coefficient in a horizontally layered model is developed. The possibilities of mapping these parameters are discussed including their study from the borehole measurements of the vertical electric field of electrokinetic origin.
Surface impedance of electromagnetic field excited by a grounded horizontal antenna in the Earth–ionosphere waveguide
Authors: Tereshchenko E. D. , Tereshchenko P. E.
Published: May 2019

Analytical formulas for the tangential components of extremely-low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic field in the Earth–ionosphere plane waveguide excited by a grounded linear horizontal antenna are obtained. The behavior of surface impedance is studied as a function of electrodynamic characteristics of the waveguide and the distance from the source. It is shown that surface impedance coincides with the plane wave impedance on the Earth’s surface at distances from the source larger than the skin depth provided that the skin layer is thinner than double the waveguide’s height. The influence of the ionosphere on the amplitude of the ELF and lower-frequency magnetic field and, thus, on the impedance at the distances shorter than two ionospheric heights is theoretically substantiated. This type of effect was observed in the experiments conducted on the Kola Peninsula where the low conductivity of the Earth allowed the detection of the effect of the ionosphere on the amplitude of the magnetic field in the low-frequency band.
Investigation of interaction of Co, Mn and Fe atoms with the calcite by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Magkoev T. T. , Zaalishvili V. B. , Burdzieva O. G. , Tuaev G. E. , Grigorkina G. S.
Published: May 2019

Adsorption of atoms of Co, Mn, Fe on the calcite surface in ultra-high vacuum and the interaction of the formed adsorption systems with the water have been studied by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It is shown that Mn and Fe form solid solutions CaCO3/Mn(Fe)CO3 on the calcite surface, whereas Co preferentially forms CoO and Co3O4. Upon interaction with water the surface compounds formed by Mn and Fe do not undergo notable changes, unlike the Co oxides which partially transform into soluble hydroxylated complexes.
Authigenic minerals of titanium and zirconium of the Verkhnekamskoye salt deposit
Authors: Chaikovski I I. , Chaikovskaya E. V. , Korotchenkova O. V. , Chirkova E. P. , Utkina T. A.
Published: May 2019

Newly formed titanium oxides and zircons have been identified in the salt and suprasalt of the Verkhnekamskoye Salt Deposit. These features have been associated with the hydrolysis of clay material and the release of colloidal titanium and zirconium hydroxide during diagenesis, catagenesis, and hypergenesis. This is made possible by sulfate reduction and the acidic environment, which are caused by the radiation–oxidation of Fe2+ from sylvite and carnallite. Anatase is formed both in the suprasalt and salt measures and, only in the lower part of the salt measures, in the rutile. Such a distribution can be associated both with an increase in the degree of catagenetic transformation of salt rocks with depth and with the composition of coexisting sulfate or chloride brines. A typical form of anatase crystals is pinacoid, but this is replaced by a dipyramidal structure in the carnallite zone, which is the location of the most acidic brine. Three types of twins were recorded for rutile, the formation of which is attributable to the growth of a dehydrated colloid of titanium hydroxide on a finely dispersed aggregate. The impurities V, Cr, and Zr (Al, Si, and Fe) established in the titanium oxides reflect the geochemical specialization of the aluminosilicate terrigenous material sources.
Influence of hydrous pyrolysis on distribution of carbon and hydrogen isotopes by organic matter fractions. The nature of oil generation in the calder of Uzone Volcano in Kamchatka
Authors: Sevastyanov V. S. , Karpov G. A. , Bychkov A. Yu. , Kuznetsova O. V. , Fedulov V. S.
Published: May 2019

The process of oil seeps transformation from the Uzon volcano caldera under the influence of hydrous pyrolysis at a temperature of 350 °C in argon and oxygen was investigated. It is shown that carbon and hydrogen isotope type curves (ITC) reflect the processes occurring in organic matter during hydrous pyrolysis in oxidizing and neutral media. The similarity in forms between carbon ITC of the Uzon oil seeps, the Bogachevka oil and biota of hydrothermal sources is revealed. Hydrogen ITCs have a more complex form, apparently associated with exchange processes occurring in hydrothermal water. Based on the conducted studies, it was assumed that on the one hand oil seeps in the Uzon caldera can serve as a source for the formation of Bogachevka oil, and on the other hand, it is possible that the circulating hydrothermal water in the caldera of the Uzon volcano brings to the surface the organic matter of the Bogachevka oil formation.
Dependence of the manifestation’s time of a hydrochemical earthquake forecast in the southern part of the Lake Baikal from their energy classes and epicentral distances
Authors: Semenov R. M. , Lopatin M. N. , Chechelnitskii V. V.
Published: May 2019

Have been studied the concentrations of dissolved helium in the water of a artesian well in the Southern Cis-Baikal region. It is established that on the eve of earthquakes they experience certain variations. Based on the obtained data, the correlation function lgτR (the logarithm of the time product of the harbinger of the seismic event at its epicentral distance) is calculated from the energy class of the earthquake. It is proposed to consider variations in the concentration of helium as a short-term precursor of earthquakes.
Geochemistry of carbonate rocks in early Precambrian and phanerozoic metamorphic complexes of East Siberia, north-west of Russia, Pamir
Authors: Levitskiy V. I. , Reznitsky L. Z. , Levitskiy I. V.
Published: May 2019

Geochemical study of carbonate rocks of Early-Precambrian and Phanerozoic metamorphic Complexes was carried out and their differences were revealed. Precambrian marbles and calciphyres studied in the Оnot Greenstone Belt, Kitoy and Sharyzhalgay granulitic Complexes Presayan uplift, Yenisei Series of the Angara-Kan Protrusion of the Siberian craton, the Belomorian and Lapland Complexes, North of the Pechenga Structure, Sortavala Suite of the Fennoscandian shield, Wakhan Complex of the Badakhshan Array; Phanerozoic – in Olkhon, Slyudyanka, Svyato nossky Complexes of the Baikal region, Boxon Series and Irkutnu Suite of the Eastern Sayan, Derbinsky Complex and Alchadur Suite of the Prisayan, Judin Suite and Panimba-Rybinsk Zone of the Yenisei Ridge, Muzkol Complex of the Eastern Pamirs. Precambrian carbonate rocks are enriched with Fe, Mn and depleted Sr, Ba in comparison with Phanerozoic rocks at a close low level of REE content. The Archean enrichment of Fe, Mn protoliths of marbles and calcifers is due to the dominance of basic and ultrabasic rocks in the feeding provinces. In the Paleoproterozoic, compared with the Phanerozoic, the proportion of Fe, Mn in carbonate rocks decreased, and Al, K, Ba, Sr have increased due to participation in occurrence their protoliths of the granite-metamorphic layer of the Earth. The distribution of petrogenic and rare elements in marbles and calcifirs is determined by the forms of their location: 1) in the isomorphic series of Ca-Mg carbonates with admixture of Fe, Mn, Ba, Sr, REE; 2) the presence of minerals Na, K, Ba, Sr in marbles; 3) location of thin (in marbles) and large (calcifications) fractions of minerals with iron, Mn Al, Ti, Zr, Cr, V, Ni, S. Performed paleoreconstruction behavior of REE in carbonate rocks in the Archean and Early-Paleoproterozoic dominated intracratonic shallow sea. Open oceans appeared at the turn of 2–1.9 billion years, but widespread development of carbonate rocks were in the Meso-Neoproterozoic and Phanerozoic. The revealed features are the basis of age-related paleoreconstructions of protoliths according to petrogeochemical characteristics of carbonate rocks of Precambrian and Phanerozoic metamorphic complexes.
Thermochemical study of sodium and sodium-calcium amphibols
Authors: Ogorodova L. P. , Kiseleva I. A. , Vigasina M. F. , Gritsenko Yu. D. , Bryzgalov I. A. , Melchakova L. V.
Published: May 2019

A thermochemical study of six natural sodium and sodium-calcium amphiboles was carried out using the high-temperature melt solution calorimetry on a Tian-Calvet microcalorimeter. The enthalpies of formation from the elements have been obtained for arfvedsonites: K0.5(Na1.5Ca0.5)(Mg4.0Fe0.93+Al0.1)[Si8.0O22](OH)2 (Inaglinsky Massif, Central Aldan, Russia) (-11626.6 ± 8.9 kJ/mol), (Na0.5K0.1)(Na1.6Ca0.4)(Mg3.6Fe0.42+Fe0.83+Al0.2)[Si8.0O22](OH)2 (Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia) (-11520.8 ± 14.6 kJ/mol) and (Na0.7K0.3)Na2.0(Fe4.02+Fe0.63+Mn0.1Ti0.1Al0.2)[Si8.0O22](OH)2 (Katuginskoe deposit, Transbaikalia, Russia) (-11384.7 ± 17.1 kJ/mol); for riebeckites: Na2.0(Mg2.5Fe0.52+Fe1.53+Al0.5)Si8O22(OH)2 (Kumula deposit, Central Kazakhstan) (-10791.0 ± 10.1 kJ/mol) and Na2.0(Mg0.9Fe2.12+Fe1.93+Al0.1)[Si8O22](OH)2 (Krivoy Rog, Ukraine) (-10260.8 ± 10.9 kJ/mol) and richterite (Na0.7K0.3)(Ca1.2Na0.8)(Mg4.6Fe0.42+)[Si7.8Al0.2O22](OH)2 (Kovdorsky Massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia) (-12154.2 ± 9.7 kJ/mol). The values of the standard entropies, enthalpies, and Gibbs energies of formation are estimated for the end members of isomorphic series: arfvedsonite – magnesioarfvedsonite, riebeckite – magnesioriebeckite and richterite – ferrochichthite.
Localization patterns of mineralization, age, and sources of substance of the Malomyr gold ore field (Eastern part of the Mongolian–Okhotsk fold belt)
Authors: Kadashnikova A. Yu. , Sorokin A. A. , Ponomarchuk V. A. , Travin A. V. , Ponomarchuk A. V. , Eyrish L. V.
Published: May 2019

To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to reliably assess the age of gold mineralization in the Malomyr field (eastern part of the Mongolian-Okhotsk fold belt), one of the best known deposits in the Far East. The obtained data confirmed that the age of the hydrothermal ore process that resulted in the formation of the Malomyr deposit was ~ 134–130 million years and that the age of the postore dykes was 110–104 million years. Data related to the occurrence of magmatism within the region under consideration were not available, which made it impossible to link the ore mineralization of the Malomyr deposit with the magmatic processes. Based on the data obtained in this investigation, the dislocation processes accompanied by the hydrothermal activity that was confirmed using the structural examinations results evidently played a significant role in ore mobilization and redistribution as well as the formation of the Malomyr deposit. The first Rb-Sr and δ34S results of this research indicated that both the “crust” and “mantle” sources were available among the ore sources.
Compensating H+ and Li+ ions in quartz structural channels of the gold fields of Darasun ore field (Eastern Transbaikal, Russia): electron paramagnetic resonance data
Authors: Rakov L. T. , Prokofiev V. Yu. , Zorina L. D.
Published: May 2019

The composition and diffusion mobility of the compensating ions in the quartz structural channels of the gold fields in the Darasun, Teremkinskoye, and Talatuy gold fields of the Darasun ore field were examined using the electron paramagnetic resonance method. The assessment of the properties and peculiarities of the ion distribution in quartz was based on their ability to participate in the neutralization of the electric charges of the structural defects occurring in the minerals. In this regard, the ion composition was evaluated by the ratio of the concentrations of the Ti-centers using various compensators. Their mobility was determined by the center formation rate during the quartz radiation exposure. The research demonstrated the availability of two major compensating ions, H+ and Li+, in the quartz structural channels of the gold fields in the Darasun ore field. The diffusion mobility of the H+ ions in the channels was observed to be 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than that of Li+. The correlation link between the compensating ions in the mineral and fluid compositions was not obtained based on the data analysis. A difference was identified between the ratio of the H+ and Li+ concentrations in the quartz structural channels of different fields. Further, the highest concentration of H+ ions and the lowest concentration of Li+ ions were recorded for the quartz in the Darasun field; the inverse correlation was observed for the quartz in the Talatuy field, which can be attributed to the mixing of the fluid gas component during the ore formation process. The electron paramagnetic resonance method can be used for the quantitative assessment of the degree of quartz dynamic recrystallization.
Formation of the rear slope of the island arc of Chingiz Kaledonid ridge in eastern Kazakhstan
Authors: Samygin S. G.
Published: May 2019

Process of formation of the island-arc rear slope is considered on the example of the Upper Cambrian–Middle Ordovician arc found in the Chingiz ridge in eastern Kazakhstan. Its occurrence is shown at the end of volcanic activity in the island-arc structure, beginning at the end of the early Arenig (from the end of the Flos century of the Early Ordovician) with tephroturbidites appearance. After the cessation of volcanism, two sedimentation cycles were distinguished in the sedimentary section of the slope in the middle Ordovician: (1) transgressive when the island arc submerged, (2) and regressive when the Chingiz arc began to build up at the beginning of the Llanwyrn (Darrivilian) century.

The sedimentation was repeatedly accompanied by landslide processes, which ended in the middle of llanvirna (darrivilia) with the disruption of tectonic-gravity plate composed of Upper Cambrian volcanic rocks with limestone in the sole, resulting in the formation of coarsely fragmented mixtite at the allochthonous mass frontier, the further sedimentation on the rear slope stopped.

Keywords: the island-arc; rear slope; sedimentation cycles; landslide processes
Storm-induced deformations of barred beach slope
Authors: Leont’yev I. O.
Published: May 2019

It is shown that behavior of the multiple-bar system during a storm can be described in frameworks of the model assuming that bars move toward the sea with almost the same mean speed, while the over-bar depths increase in accordance with the local bed slope. Analysis of suspended-sediment balance over the bar crest leads to expression for the bar movement speed, which demonstrates very strong dependence on ratio of wave height to the over-bar depth. Using empirical criterion of bar activity the model suggested is capable assess the bar displacement during a storm action and predict the post-storm bed profile. Comparison with the published field data leads to conclusion that the computed and observed storm-induced deformations of barred beach slopes are in satisfactorily agreement.
Expedition of the R/V Professor Panov (April 2018): preliminary results of observations of extreme flooding in the Lower Don Region
Authors: Matishov G. G.
Published: May 2019

During the period of 2002–2018, southern Russia was subjected to extreme weather conditions, which can be characterized as drought. The water content and volume of the Don, Kuban, and Volga rivers decreased, salinization of the Sea of Azov was observed, and saline (4–6‰) Azov water periodically flowed into the Don River delta. Analysis of the hydrological observation data for 2018 revealed an episode of extreme flooding in the Lower Don (below the Kochetov hydroelectric complex) associated with the 15-year shortage of water in the body of the Don. An outstanding example of a natural and manmade anomaly in 2018 was the discharge of a significant amount of water from the Tsimlyan reservoir in April–May. For example, the average daily discharge was 345m3/s on April 10, 1503 m3/s on April 28, and 1701 m3/s by May 6. As a result, the maximum wave of water abundance in the Don formed by the end of April–beginning of May 2018, and the water level reached values not observed in the Don for 15 years. The research in the Gulf of Taganrog showed considerable desalinization of its eastern part. The level of salinization in this region did not exceed 2‰, while in spring 2017, the average values of salinization around the port of Taganrog were over 6‰.
Volcanology and new geophysics: reality and prospects for example Yellowstone volcano
Authors: Khavroshkin O. B. , Fedotov S. A. , Tsyplakov V. V. , Boiko A. N.
Published: May 2019

The dynamic portrait of Yellowstone volcano activity in the form of detailed analysis of key parameters and in real time is presented. Some preliminary findings show that active volcanoes are energetically open systems with a strong influence of the external astrophysical component, primarily solar muon and neutrino fluxes. This should be taken into account when predicting their activity. The astrophysical component of activity may be one of the main mechanisms synchronizing the state of supervolcanoes. The astrophysical component of volcanic activity can exist in other volcanoes of the terrestrial planets of the Solar system, which also experience the synchronizing effects of the solar neutrino flux, that is, the planets of the Solar system can be found to have common rhythms of volcanic activity.
Asymmetrical seismic pulses before a large earthquake
Authors: Sobolev G. A. , Zakrzhevskaya N. A. , Kireenkova S. M.
Published: May 2019

This study is concerned with the behavior of seismic noise in the period range of a few minutes based on records made by broadband IRIS stations before the catastrophic earthquake of March 11, 2011 in Japan. A formalized technique was used to identify discrete asymmetrical pulses whose amplitudes were an order of magnitude higher than the noise level and that were spaced at intervals longer than 30 minutes. The frequency of pulses at the MAJO station on Honshu 400 km of the earthquake epicenter increased on January 30, 2011 and remained high until March 2, 2011. No such phenomena have been observed at MAJO in the same periods during the preceding 15 years, when the station was in regular operation. The records of other similar stations farther than 1700 km from the epicenter were not found to contain increases in the rate of pulses. We believe that these asymmetrical pulses were due to dilatancy in shallow crustal layers beneath the MAJO station.
Analysis of Sentinel 1 Radar Data to Identify Frozing/Thawing Soils in the Area of Anadyr (Chukotka) and Belaya Gora (Yakutia)
Authors: Rodionova N. V.
Published: May 2019

The paper deals with the distinction between thawed and frozen soils in the upper 5 cm layer for two stations in Russia: Belaya Gora (Yakutia) 68.5° N and Anadyr (Chukotka) 64.78° N — by using Sentinel 1 C-band radar data for the period of 2014–2016 years. Determination of the frozen/thawed soil state is carried out in three ways: 1) by multi-temporal radar data on the basis of a significant in 3–5 dB difference in the backscatter coefficient σ0 in the transition of freezing/thawing soil state, 2) by finding the threshold value of σ0 at which the temperature in the upper soil layer falls below 00С, 3) by texture features for one- channel images. The graphs of the AFI (air freezing index) for the period of 2012-2018 with trends are constructed based on the archive data of air temperature for the study areas.
Precision drones – today and tomorrow
Authors: Getsov P. , Nachev St. , Wang Bo , Zafirov D.
Published: May 2019

Described are the possibilities for increasing accuracy in determining the location of unmanned aircraft. Compared are the capabilities of different coordinate systems to increased the accuracy to 2.5 cm. The methods for transmitting coordinate correlation data are described. In conclusion, it is assumed that for the accurate determination of the coordinates of mobile objects it is most appropriate to use the transmission of Real Time Kinematics corrections by network of a mobile operator.
On evaluation of depth of soil freezing based on Smos satellite data
Authors: Boyarskii D. A. , Romanov A. N. , Khvostov I. V. , Tikhonov V. V. , Sharkov E. A.
Published: May 2019

The results of a comparative analysis of the brightness temperatures determined from the SMOS satellite and the corresponding depths of soil freezing, measured at weather stations located at the test sites of the Kulunda Plain, are presented. Based on the daily satellite measurement of brightness temperature, the effect of soil freezing on the microwave radiation of the underlying surface was studied. A theoretical calculation of the dependence of soil brightness temperature on the depth of freezing is performed with the model of microwave radiation of a plane-layered inhomogeneous non-isothermal medium. The real parameters of the Kulunda plain soil as well as the climatic characteristics of the sites under study, obtained from the weather stations for the same period, were used as the input parameters of the model. The analysis of satellite, field and model data showed that the evaluation of the depth of soil freezing with satellite microwave radiometry is limited by the need to conduct the contact measurements of physical properties of soil in the areas, for which the SMOS product on the brightness temperature is given.
Using of NDVI in digital mapping of phosphorus content in soils and assessment of it's availability by plants
Authors: Gopp N. V. , Savenkov O. A. , Nechaeva T. V. , Smirnova N. V. , Smirnov A. V.
Published: May 2019

It was developed а method of digital mapping of phosphorus content (total, organic, available) in soils using spatially distributed NDVI values calculated from Landsat 8 (30 m resolution). It was carried out comparative analysis of content of phosphorus of soils differing in soil humus content: with high and medium humus content. In medium-humus soils (agrochernozems, agro-dark-grey) compared to high- humus agrochernozems discovered lower contents of total phosphorus in 1.1 times, and organic phosphorus in 1.5–1.7 times. The reverse trend was found for available phosphorus — in all medium- humus soils its content was more in 2 times as compared with high-humus agrochernozems. The provision of plants with phosphorus was sufficient, since its content in the above-ground phytomass of the oat-pea mixture was in the optimal range of 0.23–0.5% for a completely dry mass. According to the visual diagnostics of external signs of phosphorus deficiency in plants was not revealed. It was not found correlation between the content of phosphorus in plants, the reserves of above-ground phytomass of oat-pea mixture and NDVI.
Pollution of the Uglovoy Bay with heavy metals and petroleum products during february 2010–2016
Authors: Petukhov V. I. , Petrova E. A. , Losev O. V.
Published: May 2019

We analyzed the pollution of Uglovoy bay with heavy metals and petroleum products during 2015–2016. According to maximum allowable concentrations of Mn, Fe, Cu, Ni, Hg, As, Pb, Cd, and petroleum products, we identified an area of hypoxia developing at the north-eastern coast of the bay, with heavy metal accumulation in the dissolved form. We concluded that the river is the main source of pollutants in this bay, and surveys of ice cores showed a high degree of heavy metal accumulation. Although ice sheets accumulate contaminants, these are released into water. Herein, we provide an estimate of water pollution at the entrance to the Uglovoy bay with heavy metals and petroleum products over the years 2010–2016.
Hydrological processes in a lagoon-channel estuary during the warm period of the year: a study of the Bolshaya river mouth, West Kamchatka
Authors: Gorin S. L. , Popryadukhin A. A. , Koval' M. V.
Published: May 2019

Based on long-term field studies, we investigated the hydrological regime of the lagoon-channel estuary of the Bolshaya river. This river is located in the Kamchatka Krai, which is one of the most remote and underdeveloped regions of Russia. Numerous observations were made of the estuary and its processes, and the natural environment in which it exists.
Estimation of long-term Ph changes in lakes of the Caucasus using a bioindication method based on diatomaceous analysis
Authors: Razumovskii L. V. , Razumovskii V. L.
Published: May 2019

To analyze processes that may lead to long-term changes in pH, lake sediments from five small lakes in the Western and Central Caucasus were studied according to diatomaceous complexes from sediment cores. A proprietary principle of hydrological parameter unification was used to reconstruct numerical pH values. In isotopic dating experiments, a series of numerical pH values for 2000–130 years were generated for the lakes. These data indicate an absence of noticeable changes in pH in the lakes of the Western Caucasus and alkalization processes in the lakes of the Central Caucasus.
System-analytical simulation of the hydrochemical runoff of mountain rivers: case study of dissolved iron
Authors: Kirsta Yu. B. , Puzanov A. V.
Published: May 2019

A water balance simulation model of seasonal and long-term flow dynamics of total dissolved iron has been developed using the example of the middle-size and smaller rivers of the Altai–Sayan highland. Model input factors and input variables included monthly precipitation and average monthly air temperatures (normalized and spatially generalized according to the regional climate model), water flows calculated for individual river basins (according to a discharge model for mountain rivers), and cartographic information on river basins and arable land area. The sensitivity of the model to natural variations of input factors was determined as the contribution of a specific factor to the variance of the observed values of hydrochemical runoff. The calculated criteria RSR = 0.57 and Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency NSE = 0.67 indicate the good quality of the model.
Quality of surface and underground water at the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Water regions — problems and solutions
Authors: Pomelyayko I. S. , Malkov A. V.
Published: May 2019

The results of long-term environmental monitoring of small rivers in the Caucasian Mineral Waters resorts region are presented. The characteristics of the surface water and groundwater at the resorts are considered. The degree and nature of their pollution were evaluated, and the main causes of water pollution in the region—including heavy-metal compounds, petroleum products, and nitrogen-containing compounds—were identified and analyzed. Data on mineral water from a number of production wells that are not compliant with the requirements of GOST R 54316-2011 are given. The analysis of hydrogeodynamic and hydrogeochemical regimes of exploitation of the Kislovodskoye field, recommendations for improving the quality indicators of the main source of the “Narzan” field are given.