bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Power Ultrasound and NALC-NaOH Decontamination Methods for Stool Mycobacterial Culture: A Prospective Study
Authors: Tian Peng , He Jing , Ling Xiaojie , Wang Yan , Deng Yunfeng , Zhang Zhongfa
Published: August 2024

Stool samples have been reported to be useful for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), especially in patients who are unable to produce sputum. However, contamination limits the usefulness of stool specimens in mycobacterial culture. In this study, a novel decontamination method of power ultrasound (PU) was evaluated for mycobacterial isolation from suspected PTB cases. Stool samples (n = 650) were collected, and each sample was divided into approximately three equal groups. In addition to an AFB smear (Auramine O method), the stool samples were treated using different decontamination methods (NaOH-NALC vs. PU methods). The sensitivity (calculated against CRS) and contamination rates between the two methods were compared using McNemar’s test. Of the 650 samples, 32 (4.92%) stool samples treated with the NaOH-NALC method were culture-positive, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.TB; n = 21, 3.23%) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM; n = 11, 1.69%). Sixty-one (9.38%) stool samples treated with the PU method were culture-positive, including M.TB (n = 37, 5.69%) and NTM (n = 24, 3.69%). Statistical analysis showed that a significant difference was found in the isolation rate of M.TB and NTM between the two methods (p < 0.05). Additionally, compared with the NALC-NaOH method (19.07%), stool samples treated with the PU method (13.23%) had a significantly lower contamination rate (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our findings suggest that the utilization of the PU method as a novel decontamination technique could significantly enhance the isolation rates of both NTM and M.TB when stool specimens are employed for culture. Compared to the NaOH-NALC method, this approach proves to be more effective in facilitating stool mycobacterial culture.
Analysis of Cultured Gut Microbiota Using MALDI-TOF MS in COVID-19 Patients from Serbia during the Predominance of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant
Authors: Patić Aleksandra , Kovačević Gordana , Vuković Vladimir , Hrnjaković Cvjetković Ivana , Ristić Mioljub , Milosavljević Biljana , Medić Deana , Djilas Milan , Radovanov Jelena , Kovačević Aleksandra , Pustahija Tatjana , Balać Dragana , Petrović Vladimir
Published: August 2024

The currently dominant SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant, while causing mild respiratory symptoms, exhibits high transmissibility, drug resistance, and immune evasion. We investigated whether the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 affected the dynamics of fecal microbial composition isolated in culture in moderate COVID-19 patients. Blood, stool, and medical records were collected from 50 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Two samples were taken per patient, at disease onset (within 5 days) and after symptom resolution (30–35 days). The part of the gut microbiota identifiable using MALDI-TOF MS was analyzed, and inflammatory cytokines and blood markers were measured in serum. The analysis identified 566 isolates at the species level, including 83 bacterial and 9 fungal species. Our findings indicate a change in the gut microbiota composition isolated in culture during the initial phase of infection, characterized by the proliferation of opportunistic bacteria such as Enterococcus spp. and Citrobacter spp., at the expense of beneficial commensal bacteria from the genus Bacillus and Lactobacillus. Additionally, the enrichment of fungal pathogens in fecal samples collected 30 days after the cessation of disease symptoms might suggest a prolonged disruption of the gut microbiota even after the resolution of COVID-19 symptoms. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence on the systemic effects of SARS-CoV-2 and highlights the importance of considering gastrointestinal involvement in the management and treatment of COVID-19.
The Role of Helminthophagous Fungi in the Biological Control of Human and Zoonotic Intestinal Helminths
Authors: Araújo Jackson Victor de , Fonseca Júlia dos Santos , Barbosa Beatriz Bacelar , Valverde Helbert Ananias , Santos Huarrisson Azevedo , Braga Fabio Ribeiro
Published: August 2024

Nematophagous, or helminthophagous fungi of the genera Duddingtonia, Arthrobotrys, Monacrosporium, Pochonia, Paecilomyces, and Mucor, have been used over the years in in vitro and in vivo experiments to control helminth parasites that are potentially zoonotic. These fungi have shown efficacy against the following helminth genera: Ancylostoma, Toxocara, Enterobius, Strongyloides, Angiostrongylus, Taenia, Fasciola, and Schistosoma. The results obtained from these experiments, together with studies on soil contamination, suggest the viability of their use as a sustainable and effective strategy to reduce environmental contamination by these zoonotic parasites. Therefore, the aim of this review was to address the role of helminthophagous fungi in the biological control of potentially zoonotic helminths. To this end, we describe (1) a brief history of helminthophagous fungi; (2) a discussion of some potentially zoonotic intestinal parasites; (3) the importance of helminthophagous fungi in the control of nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes; and (4) the potential of helminthophagous fungi as a practical and sustainable strategy.
Study on the Detection of Single and Dual Partial Discharge Sources in Transformers Using Fiber-Optic Ultrasonic Sensors
Authors: Liu Feng , Shi Yansheng , Zhang Shuainan , Wang Wei
Published: August 2024

Partial discharge is a fault that occurs at the site of insulation defects within a transformer. Dual instances of partial discharge origination discharging simultaneously embody a more intricate form of discharge, where the interaction between the discharge sources leads to more intricate and unpredictable insulation damage. Conventional piezoelectric transducers are magnetically affixed to the exterior metal tank of transformers. The ultrasonic signals emanating from partial discharge undergo deflection and reverberation upon traversing the windings, insulation paperboards, and the outer shell, resulting in signal attenuation and thus making it difficult to detect such faults. Furthermore, it is challenging to distinguish between simultaneous discharges from dual partial discharge sources and continuous discharges from a single source, often leading to missed detection and repairs of fault points, which increase the maintenance difficulty and cost of power equipment. With the advancement of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) technology, fiber-optic ultrasonic sensors have surfaced as an innovative technique for optically detecting partial discharges. These sensors are distinguished by their minute dimensions, heightened sensitivity, and robust immunity to electromagnetic disturbances. and excellent insulation properties, allowing for internal installation within power equipment for partial discharge monitoring. In this study, we developed an EFPI (Extrinsic Fabry Perot Interferometer) optical fiber ultrasonic sensor that can be installed inside transformers. Based on this sensor array, we also created a partial discharge ultrasonic detection system that estimates the directional information of single and dual partial discharge sources using the received signals from the sensor array. By utilizing the DOA (Direction of Arrival) as a feature recognition parameter, our system can effectively detect both simultaneous discharges from dual partial discharge sources and continuous discharges from a single source within transformer oil tanks, meeting practical application requirements. The detection methodology presented in this paper introduces an original strategy and resolution for pinpointing the types of partial discharges occurring under intricate conditions within power apparatus, effectively distinguishing between discharges from single and dual partial discharge sources.
The Centration Dilemma in Refractive Corrections: Why Is It Still a Dilemma and How to Cope?
Authors: Mosquera Samuel Arba , Verma Shwetabh
Published: August 2024

(1) Background: Defining the optimum center for laser refractive corrections is difficult, with many of the available approaches having pros and cons. Decentered ablations result in undesirable side effects like halos, glare, monocular diplopia, and a reduction in visual acuity; (2) Methods: The ideal centration in refractive corrections should fulfil three requirements: covering a scotopic pupil; respecting the visual axis; and minimizing tissue removal. The implications of different centration strategies are discussed and shown graphically; (3) Results: Oversized asymmetric offset ablation faces fewer difficulties in registering static cyclotorsion, features less tissue wastage compared to a symmetric offset, and includes a certain amount of coma (and trefoil) in the profile, benefiting eyes with a pupil offset, which typically present with relevant amounts of coma and trefoil corneal aberrations due to decentered optics; (4) Conclusions: There is a need for a flexible choice of centration in refractive procedures to design customized and non-customized treatments optimally. An ideal optical zone covering the pupil with the widest entrance may be as important as a centration reference.
Effect of Combined Application of Wood Vinegar Solution and Biochar on Saline Soil Properties and Cotton Stress Tolerance
Authors: Yang Liu , Tang Guangmu , Xu Wanli , Zhang Yunshu , Ning Songrui , Yu Pujia , Zhu Jie , Wu Qingsong , Yu Peng
Published: August 2024

Biomass pyrolysis by-products, such as biochar (BC) and wood vinegar (WV), are widely used as soil conditioners and efficiency enhancers in agriculture. A pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of WV, both alone and in combination with BC, on soil properties in mildly saline soil and on cotton stress tolerance. The results demonstrated that BC and WV application, either individually or together, increased soil nutrient content. The combined application was more effective than the individual applications, resulting in a 5.18–20.12% increase in organic matter, a 2.65–15.04% increase in hydrolysable nitrogen, a 2.23–58.05% increase in effective phosphorus, and a 2.71–29.38% increase in quick-acting potassium. Additionally, the combined application of WV and BC led to greater improvements in cotton plant height, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), leaf nitrate reductase (NR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities compared to the application of BC or WV alone. The enhancements in this study varied across different parameters. Plant height showed an increase of 14.32–21.90%. Net photosynthetic rate improved by 13.56–17.60%. Leaf nitrate reductase increased by 5.47–37.79%. Superoxide dismutase and catalase showed improvements of 5.82–64.95% and 10.36–71.40%, respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, the combined treatment outperformed the individual applications of WV and BC, resulting in a significant decrease in MDA levels by 2.47–51.72% over the experimental period. This combined treatment ultimately enhanced cotton stress tolerance. Using the entropy weight method to analyze the results, it was concluded that the combined application of WV and BC could enhance soil properties in mildly saline soils, increase cotton resistance, and hold significant potential for widespread application.
Ice Coating Prediction Based on Two-Stage Adaptive Weighted Ensemble Learning
Authors: Guo Heng , Cui Qiushi , Shi Lixian , Parol Jafarali , AlSanad Shaikha , Wu Haitao
Published: August 2024

Severe ice accretion on transmission lines can disrupt electrical grids and compromise the stability of power systems. Consequently, precise prediction of ice coating on transmission lines is vital for guiding their operation and maintenance. Traditional single-model icing prediction methods often exhibit limited accuracy under varying environmental conditions and fail to yield highly accurate predictions. We propose a multi-scenario, two-stage adaptive ensemble strategy (MTAES) for ice coating prediction to address this issue. A combined clustering approach is employed to refine the division of ice weather scenarios, segmenting historical samples into multiple scenarios. Within each scenario, the bagging approach generates multiple training subsets, with the extreme learning machine (ELM) used to build diverse models. Subsequently, a two-stage adaptive weight allocation mechanism is introduced. This mechanism calculates the distance from the scenario cluster centers and the prediction error of similar samples in the validation set for each test sample. Weights are dynamically allocated based on these data, leading to the final output results through an adaptive ensemble from the base model repository. The experimental results show that the model is significantly better than traditional models in predicting ice thickness. Key indicators of RMSE, MAE, and R2 reach 0.675, 0.522, and 83.2%, respectively, verifying the effectiveness of multi-scene partitioning and adaptive weighting methods in improving the accuracy of ice cover prediction.
A Full-Stage Productivity Equation for Constant-Volume Gas Reservoirs and Its Application
Authors: Zhang Lei , Cheng Shiying , Wu Keliu , Xin Cuiping , Song Jiaxuan , Zhang Tao , Xie Xiaofei , Zhao Zidan
Published: August 2024

Gas well production involves various stages, including stable, variable, and declining production. However, existing production-capacity equations typically apply only to the stable production stage, limiting their effectiveness in evaluating gas well productivity across all stages. To address this, the material balance equation and Darcy’s equation were employed to account for changes in average formation pressure due to pressure drop funnels. The concept of a pressure-conversion skin factor was introduced, and its approximation was developed, leading to the establishment and solution of a full-stage productivity equation. Numerical simulations were then conducted to verify the accuracy and applicability of this equation. The findings are as follows: ① The full-stage productivity equation remains effective even when production rates and pressure are not constant, with the only potential source of inaccuracy being the approximative solution for the pressure conversion-skin factor. ② Numerical simulations demonstrated that the approximate solution closely matched the numerical simulation results for average formation pressure across various production stages and fundamental parameters, showing a consistent trend and high precision. The approximate and independent approximation solutions for absolute open-flow capacity were nearly identical, indicating the full-stage productivity equation’s applicability throughout the production of gas wells. ③ Application results revealed that the full-stage productivity equation offers superior accuracy compared to the modified isochronous well test. ④ The approximate solution generally provides slightly higher accuracy, and the independent approximate solution effectively eliminates the influence of gas leakage radius. Therefore, the use of the approximate solution is recommended to calculate the average formation pressure and the independent approximate solution to calculate the absolute open-flow capacity. The full-stage productivity equation developed in this study is not constrained by the production system, making it suitable for productivity evaluation across all stages of gas well production. This has significant implications for the effective development of gas fields.
Sociodemographic Factors Related to Perceived Physical Activity on Chilean Adults after COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gallardo-Rodríguez Rodrigo , Poblete-Valderrama Felipe , Rodas-Kürten Viviana , Vilas-Boas João Paulo
Published: August 2024

The current study aimed to examine the relationship between sociodemographic variables (i.e., sex, age, marital status, educational level, socioeconomic status, and working mode) and physical activity levels declared by Chilean adults. The sample comprised 483 Chilean adults, 159 men (32.9%) and 324 women (67.1%) aged from 18 to 69 years old (36.5 ± 12.0). The participants completed an ad hoc sociodemographic online survey between December 2022 and March 2023 that included questions about characteristics of participants such as sex, age, educational level, household income, marital status, and working mode. Vigorous, moderate, and walking activities were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), a self-administered questionnaire. Men declared significantly higher vigorous and moderated physical activity than women. People aged 18 to 25, single or unmarried, and with the lowest household income, showed significantly higher scores in vigorous physical activity than those aged 26 to 45, cohabiting with a partner or married, and middle household income, respectively. Regarding working mode, people working at their job site said walking more than people not working, working in a hybrid mode, and working online. Our findings suggest that promoting strategies that increase physical activity during the pandemic is necessary to avoid health problems.
Minimally Monophyletic Genera Present within Meso- and Macrogenera
Authors: Zander Richard H.
Published: August 2024

Past efforts to identify and characterize minimally monophyletic groups (microgenera) by deconstructing larger bryophyte genera successfully determined 10 microgenera comprising the moss family Streptotrichaceae. Thirty other microgenera have also been found in the moss family Pottiaceae. A microgenus consists of one ancestral species and, optimally, four immediate descendant species, each of which shares exactly the same ancestral traits. To determine if microgenera were common, evidence of these in larger genera was garnered from published estimates of species per genus in other groups and from molecular cladograms in the moss family Pottiaceae. Both classical mesogenera and cladistically enlarged macrogenera exhibited an internal granularity of one to five species, either as multiple species below the inflection point in the hollow curve of logarithmic graphs of species per genus or as small groups of molecular cladogram branches. Microgenera are basic units of evolution. The constancy of size and monothecy of traits in microgenera give them properties that larger taxonomic groups lack. Sequences of microgenera monophyletic are easily concatenated, adaptational changes may be directly determined, self-similarity across scale allows extended scientific inferences, and traits can be associated with survival across millions of years of environmental perturbation.
Correction: Cao et al. Effective Functional Immunogenicity of a DNA Vaccine Combination Delivered via In Vivo Electroporation Targeting Malaria Infection and Transmission. Vaccines 2022, 10, 1134
Authors: Cao Yi , Hayashi Clifford T. H. , Zavala Fidel , Tripathi Abhai K. , Simonyan Hayk , Young Colin N. , Clark Leor C. , Usuda Yukari , Van Parys Jacob M. , Kumar Nirbhay
Published: August 2024

The authors would like to make the following corrections to this published paper [...]
Production and Evaluation of an Inactivated Adjuvanted Vaccine against Canine Parvovirus in Morocco
Authors: Sebbar Ghizlane , El Azhari Safae , Drifa Mourad , Mouhri Said , Hammouchi Mustapha , Moudhich Hajar , Loutfi Chafiqa , Amraoui Farid
Published: August 2024

The study conducted in Morocco focused on addressing the challenges posed by canine parvovirus (CPV-2) through comprehensive research, vaccine development, and efficacy assessment. Through real-time PCR screening and genotyping, CPV-2 variants were identified circulating in the region. An inactivated vaccine, derived from a CPV-2 strain isolated from a symptomatic dog, was produced and evaluated for safety and efficacy. The vaccine, from the strain named “CaPV M/3-2022”, demonstrated safety in vaccinated puppies, with no adverse reactions observed during the trial period. Efficacy trials showed that vaccinated puppies remained healthy and exhibited lower viral excretion post-challenge compared to unvaccinated controls. These results indicate that the vaccine effectively protects against illness related to CPV-2 and reduces viral shedding. The study provides valuable insights into CPV-2 epidemiology in Morocco, offers a promising vaccine solution, and underscores the importance of vaccination in controlling CPV-2 outbreaks and protecting canine health.
Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a Multi-Antigen Mycobacterium tuberculosis Subunit Vaccine in Mice
Authors: Nisa Annuurun , Pinto Rachel , Britton Warwick J. , Triccas James A. , Counoupas Claudio
Published: August 2024

There is an urgent need for an effective TB vaccine capable of controlling both acute and chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in populations with diverse genetic backgrounds. In this study, we characterised the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a novel protein-in-adjuvant subunit vaccine. The protein component is a fusion protein of three different M. tuberculosis antigens, which we termed CysVac5: CysD, a major component of the M. tuberculosis sulfate activation pathway that is highly expressed during the chronic stage of M. tuberculosis infection, is fused with two major secreted mycobacterial antigens, Ag85B and MPT83. Vaccination of C57BL/6 mice with CysVac5, formulated in a monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA) adjuvant combination, resulted in the potent generation of polyfunctional CD4+ T cells secreting multiple cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF and IL-17, against each of the three components of the fusion protein. Furthermore, vaccination with CysVac5-MPLA/DDA conferred significant protection against infection in mouse lungs, which was greater than that afforded by BCG at extended time points post-challenge. The generation of antigen-specific and protective immunity was also observed in CysVac5 vaccinated BALB/c mice, indicating the vaccine could display efficacy across multiple genetic backgrounds. These results indicate that the CysVac5 vaccine has broad immunogenicity, is effective in controlling both acute and chronic phases of M. tuberculosis infection in mice, and warrants further investigation to assess its potential to control pulmonary TB.
Indonesian Mothers’ Experience of Their Daughter’s HPV Vaccination, and Factors Associated with Their Willingness to Recommend HPV Vaccination for Girls
Authors: Dewi Setiyani Marta , Utomo Ariane Juliana , Bennett Linda Rae , Wilopo Siswanto Agus , Barrett Anna
Published: August 2024

In Indonesia, knowledge of parents’ experiences of their daughters’ HPV vaccination in school settings is limited. As Indonesia seeks to scale up its HPV vaccination program nationwide, parents’ perspectives hold important insights into how elements of the vaccination model can be sustained and improved. This study explored mothers’ experiences of their daughters’ HPV vaccination experiences, their knowledge of HPV risks and prevention, and factors associated with willingness to recommend HPV vaccination for girls. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 143 mothers of schoolgirls who had received HPV vaccination at schools in Yogyakarta and Jakarta. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with willingness to recommend HPV vaccination. Chi-square and independent t-tests were performed to assess relationships between variables. One-way ANOVA was used to test mean differences in knowledge scores among mothers with different education levels. Many respondents (62.4%) received key health information before their daughters’ HPV vaccination. Mothers’ average knowledge score was 6.07/10 (SD 2.35). Receiving satisfactory information was significantly associated with willingness to recommend HPV vaccination for girls to others. A significant association was found between mothers’ willingness to recommend HPV vaccination and having ever participated in cervical cancer screening themselves. Providing consistent health information that addresses the knowledge gaps and affirms the benefits and safety of HPV vaccines can improve the likelihood of mothers recommending HPV vaccination to others. The benefit of a synchronized approach to promoting primary and secondary prevention was supported by the findings.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIDEPRESAN OBAT HERBAL KAPSUL EKSTRAK DAUN PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica L.) PADA MENCIT DENGAN METODE FORCED SWIMMING TEST
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Arif , Rini Gina Hanindya , Azhahra Rizka Dwi , Zahra Nisrina , Raissa Talitha Hasna , Meizora Berlian Caterine , Hidayat Lalu Husnul
Published: August 2024

Depresi adalah gangguan mental yang ditandai dengan beberapa gangguan seperti perasaan sedih hingga berujung pada bunuh diri. Obat antidepresan yang digunakan secara berkepanjangan   memiliki efek samping. Sehingga pengembangan dan penemuan obat antidepresan yang memiliki efektivitas lebih tinggi dan efek samping rendah sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Salah satu tumbuhan yang memiliki aktivitas antidepresan adalah pegagan. Saat ini, banyak produk obat herbal ekstrak daun pegagan beredar dipasaran diantaranya dalam bentuk kapsul dengan klaim yang sama sebagai antidepresan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas antidepresan obat herbal kapsul ekstrak daun pegagan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Forced Swimming Test (FST) yang dimodifikasi. 9 mencit dibagi ke dalam 3 kelompok dan masing-masing kelompok diberi tiga macam perlakuan yaitu amitriptilin sebagai kontrol positif, Na-CMC 0,5% sebagai kontrol negatif, dan obat herbal kapsul ekstrak daun pegagan sebagai sampel uji. Data yang didapatkan yaitu berupa data durasi immobility, struggling, dan swimming yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 25 dengan uji One-way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan post hoc LSD sebagai uji lanjutan untuk membandingkan tiap perlakuan. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu durasi  immobility, struggling, dan swimming pada perlakuan kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, dan obat herbal ekstrak daun pegagan berturut-turut kontrol negatif (87,00 detik; 25,33 detik; 127,667 detik), kontrol positif (17,66 detik; 36,33 detik; 186,00 detik), dan sampel uji (74,00 detik; 25,00 detik;140,66 detik). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa obat herbal kapsul ekstrak daun pegagan memiliki efek antidepresan yang secara signifikan menurunkan durasi immobility dan meningkatkan durasi swimming pada mencit, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi durasi struggling.
Identifikasi Morfologi Dan Peranan Makrofungi Di Curug Sawer Desa Ujung Tebu, Kecamatan Ciomas, Banten
Authors: Frandista Saniyyah Cinta , Khastini Rida Oktorida
Published: August 2024

Makrofungi merupakan organisme eukariotik, heterotrof dan kosmopolitan. Umumnya memiliki tubuh buah besar dan dapat diamati secara langsung morfologinya mulai dari ukuran, warna dan bentuk yang memiliki karakteristik beragam. Fungi umumnya hidup di serasah daun dan kayu yang membusuk sebagai pemasok zat organik untuk sumber nutrisi bagi fungi. Selain itu fungi juga tumbuh di pohon hidup, bahkan di tanah dan sekitar air terjun. Salah satu daerah yang sesuai bagi pertumbuhan fungi yaitu di daerah Curug Sawer yang terletak di Cisitu, Kecamatan Ciomas, Banten. Daerah ini memiliki faktor lingkungan yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan fungi, sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi morfologi dan peranan jenis fungi yang ditemukan di daerah Curug Sawer, Ciomas. Pengamatan ini dilakukan menggunakan metode jelajah atau eksplorasi dengan menyusuri setiap sudut lokasi pengamatan. Makrofungi yang ditemukan sangat beragam dan bervariasi antara lain: Scleroderma cepa, Sanguinoderma rude, Ganoderma applanatum, Polyporus squamosus, Trametes gibbose, Pluteus boudieri, Hygrocybe Cantharellus, Favolaschia manipularis, Cyathus striatus, Xylaria polymorpha, Marasmius bulliardii, Scleroderma sinnamarience, Scleroderma citrinum dan Cymatoderma caperatum.
THE PROFESSION ZAKAT AND ITS BENEFITS
Authors: Anim Sarbini , Kohari Kholis , Abdul Majid Zamakhsyari , Adnan Mohammad
Published: August 2024

Professional zakat is zakat that is imposed on each job or certain professional expertise, either done alone or in conjunction with other people / institutions, which is done alone or together with other people/institutions, which brings income (money) that meets the nisab (minimum limit to be able to pay zakat). income (money) that meets the nisab (minimum limit to be able to pay zakat). to be able to pay zakat). This article tries to explain about professional zakat and its benefits to society.for the community.
Zakat profesi adalah zakat yang dikenakan pada tiap pekerjaan atau keahlian profesional tertentu, baik yang dilakukan sendiri maupun yang dilakukan bersama dengan orang/lembaga lain, yang mendatangkan penghasilan (uang) yang memenuhi nisab (batas minimum untuk bisa berzakat). Artikel ini mencoba memaparkan tentang zakat profesi dan manfaatnya bagi masyarakat.
CONSUMPTION PATTERNS OF THE MILLENIAL GENERATION IN ONLINE SHOPPING (E-COMMERCE) DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Farhani Hilma , Raihan R , Sekarini Ratih Ayu
Published: August 2024

In 2020-2021 is a historical time for the whole world, this is based on the whole world is experiencing a period of pandemicc covid 19. Pandemic covid 19 that occurs globally, of course, has an impact on various sectors, one of which is the economic sector. The COVID-19 disease has caused an economic shock, both individually, in households, small, medium and large micro & macro companies, not only in Indonesia
but even affect the economy of other countries. This has the effect of changing activity patterns shopping that people usually buy needs directly to the store or offline for shopping buying daily necessities to shopping online, current consumption patterns are starting change from buying goods by seeing or trying in person at the shop/place
to buy the product only based on sufficient information without trying/feeling the product. The purpose of this study is to provide information about the conditions that occur in changes in consumption patterns in consumer behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in millennial generation. The research method used is a quantitative method. Research result shows consumption patterns on indicators looking for information on goods or services online. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that there is a change in the consumption pattern of generations millennials during the covid-19 epidemic on indicators looking for information, using and buy on e-commerce services.
ROLE AND MARKET MECHANISM IN ISLAM
Authors: Zubaidi Ahmad
Published: August 2024

The market is a mechanism for the natural exchange of goods and services. Market prices are formed by various factors which then shape the demand for and supply of goods and services. Consumer demand is influenced by many factors, such as price, consumer income, tastes, expectations and level of maslahah. While the producer's supply is also influenced by many factors, such as mashlahah, profit, and price. The interaction between supply and demand that will form the balance point can be changed from the demand or supply side, either as a result of structured deviations or unstructured deviations. Perfect competition market will be able to produce fair prices for sellers and buyers. Therefore, if the market mechanism is disrupted, price justice will not be achieved. Islam places the market in an important position in the economy. And also Islam is very concerned with the concept of fair prices and perfect market mechanisms. So the role of the government is very important to further guarantee the perfect market mechanism activities such as adopting price intervention policies that remain grounded in justice.
FILANTROPI ISLAM DALAM PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI UMAT MELALUI ZISWAF
Authors: Zaini Muhammad Zainudin
Published: August 2024

Manusia adalah makhluk sosial (zoon politicon) yang saling membutuhkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan primer dan sekundernya. dalam al-qur'an dan hadits sikap ta'awun dalam kehidupan disyariatkan agar pertumbuhan terus berlanjut menurut sunnatullah. Peran filantropi islam telah memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan bagi kesejahteraan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi umat melalui sikap kedermawanan individu dan sosial yang ditujukan untuk menjembatani kesenjangan sosial ekonomi di masyarakat. Filantropi islam bertujuan untuk membangun pertumbuhan ekonomi umat di berbagai bidang seperti pendidikan, kesehatan, keuangan dan dakwah islamiyah melalui ziswaf. penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk menjelaskan kontribusi zakat islam yang terdiri dari zakat, infaq, sedekah dan wakaf (ziswaf) dalam upaya pertumbuhan ekonomi umat islam. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa ziswaf mampu mengatasi resesi ekonomi umat. badan amil zakat nasional (baznas) berhasil mengumpulkan ziswaf sebesar rp. 21,3 triliun pada tahun 2022, atau meningkat 52,14% dibandingkan tahun 2021 yang mencapai rp. 14 triliun, kelembagaan (baznas) sebagai motor penggerak pertumbuhan ekonomi.
PENGARUH KETAATAN PADA PERATURAN HUKUM SYARIAH TERHADAP LOYALITAS NASABAH BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Andika Muhammad Rafly
Published: August 2024

Kualitas layanan merupakan totalitas fitur dan karakteristik produk atau layanan yang mengandalkan kemampuannya untuk memuaskan atau menyiratkan kebutuhan pelanggan. Kualitas layanan perbankan syariah berbeda dengan pelayanan yang diberikan oleh perbankan konvesional. Kualitas layanan yang diberikan mengikuti ketentuan-ketentuan syariah islam khususnya menyangkut tata cara bermuamalat secara Islam. Pelayanan yang diberikan sesuai dengan hukum dan prinsip Islam, tidak ada bunga yang diambil atau diberikan pada produk pembiayaan ataupun tabungan, tetapi menggunakan ketentuan bagi hasil. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada nasabah bank BNI Syariah di Semarang dengan responden sejumlah 120 orang. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa secara signifikan variabel kepercayaan dan nilai pelanggan berpengaruh positif terhadap loyalitas nasabah. Akan tetapi kualitas layanan yang diukur dengan kualitas fungsional dan kualitas teknikal tidak berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas nasabah
Efektivitas Gel Ekstrak Biji Putat Air [Barringtonia racemose (L) Spreng] terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Diabetik di Perawatan Luka Asri Medan
Authors: Sitohang Nur Asnah , Putra Effendy De Lux
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (a hormone that regulates blood sugar or glucose), or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. The basic health research report (RISKESDAS), shows that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia is 6.9%. North Sumatra data on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is 1.8% or around 160 thousand people. Problems that arise in patients with DM include the emergence of DM ulcers. These diabetic ulcers or wounds usually often occur on the hands or feet of the patient. The prevalence of diabetic wounds in Indonesia is around 15%, the amputation rate is 30%, the mortality rate is 32% and diabetic wounds are the most common cause of hospitalisation at 80%. A natural material that can be used as an alternative biological therapy for wound management is putat air [Barringtonia racemosa (L). Spreng]. This plant contains many saponins that are useful as anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and help the proliferation process by increasing collagen production. The effectiveness and convenience of using putat air (B. racemosa) seed extract on diabetic wounds is improved by formulating it into a gel dosage form with carbopol 940 as the base material. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of putat air (B.racemosa) seed gel on diabetic wound healing. The research design was quasy experiment pre post design. The number of samples was 32 people. The sampling technique was total sampling. The research was conducted at Asri Wound Clinic Medan. The instrument used for diabetic wound monitoring was Bates Jonson Assessment Tool (BWAT). Data analysis using paired t test. The results of the wound assessment of respondents for 4 times with an interval of 4 days. The 4th observation showed a decrease in score. Based on the BWAT wound healing continuum, the respondents' wound conditions were still in the wound degeneration phase. The majority of the wound area < 80cm; stage 3 depth; clear wound edges, not fused with the wound bed, GOA 2-4 cm > 50%; the edge of necrosis tissue is sticky, soft and there is black false scarring (black eschar); the amount of necrosis tissue > 50% of the wound bed; the skin colour around the wound is dark red; oedematous tissue < 4mm around the wound; granulation tissue 25 and epitalisation < 25%.  The statistical test results of the difference in mean 3.782 and P value = 0.001 (<0.05), it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the wound healing scores of respondents before and after the intervention. This study proves that the gel of putat air (B. racemosa) seed extract can be used as an alternative to diabetic wound healing, especially in the inflammatory phase as auotolysis.
Intelligent Hydrogel-Assisted Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy
Authors: Tang Zixiang , Deng Lin , Zhang Jing , Jiang Tao , Xiang Honglin , Chen Yanyang , Liu Huzhe , Cai Zhengwei , Cui Wenguo , Xiong Yongfu
Published: August 2024

Given the high malignancy of liver cancer and the liver’s unique role in immune and metabolic regulation, current treatments have limited efficacy, resulting in a poor prognosis. Hydrogels, soft 3-dimensional network materials comprising numerous hydrophilic monomers, have considerable potential as intelligent drug delivery systems for liver cancer treatment. The advantages of hydrogels include their versatile delivery modalities, precision targeting, intelligent stimulus response, controlled drug release, high drug loading capacity, excellent slow-release capabilities, and substantial potential as carriers of bioactive molecules. This review presents an in-depth examination of hydrogel-assisted advanced therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma, encompassing small-molecule drug therapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and the utilization of other biologics. Furthermore, it examines the integration of hydrogels with conventional liver cancer therapies, including radiation, interventional therapy, and ultrasound. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the numerous advantages of hydrogels and their potential to enhance therapeutic efficacy, targeting, and drug delivery safety. In conclusion, this review addresses the clinical implementation of hydrogels in liver cancer therapy and future challenges and design principles for hydrogel-based systems, and proposes novel research directions and strategies.
THE INFLUENCE OF COMMUNICATION, MOTIVATION, AND THE ENVIRONMENT PHYSICAL WORK ON EMPLOYEES' WORK SPIRIT SECRETARIAT OF THE DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF HOUSING MINISTRY OF PUPR
Authors: Tehninabenua Tracy , Farida Ida
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect and nature of the relationship between work enthusiasm and three influences, namely communication, motivation and physical work environment on work enthusiasm. This research was conducted at the Secretariat of The Directorate General of Housing, Ministry Of PUPR. The research method used in this research is descriptive research and causal research. The sample in this study found 54 employees using non-probability sampling technique. Where the data comes from primary data collected through a questionnaire with a Likert scale. And the data analysis method in this study is multiple linear regression. The results showed that Communication, Motivation and Physical Work Environment had a positive effect on Work Enthusiasm.
THE EFFECT OF MANAGERIAL OWNERSHIP, INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP, AND OTHER FACTORS ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT
Authors: VALESKA MICHELLE , A. MULYANA RICKY
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence regarding the factors that influence earnings management in consumer non-cyclicals and consumer cyclicals companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The independent variables used in this research are managerial ownership, institutional ownership, firm size, leverage, profitability, sales growth, board size, and free cash flow. The population of this research are consumer non-cyclicals and consumer cyclicals companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with a research period of 2020-2022. The sample used in this research amounted to 66 companies with 198 data obtained from data collection techniques in the form of purposive sampling. The hypothesis testing method used in this research is multiple regression method. The result of this research found that profitability has a positive effect on earnings management. In contrast, institutional ownership and free cash flow have negative effects on earnings management. On the other hand, managerial ownership, firm size, leverage, sales growth, and board size have no effect on earnings management. A company who has higher profits will attract investors because the company will have a higher rate of return. This motivates management to perform earnings management. Companies with a higher percentage of institutional ownership and amount of free cash flow might substantially reduce their earnings management. Having more institutional ownership would reduce the discretionary accounting accrual activities and a higher amount of free cash flow shows that a company has enough money to meet its financial and operational needs.
SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING: STAKEHOLDER PRESSURE AND BOARD COMPOSITION INFLUENCE
Authors: Steelyana W Evy , Kusuma Raharjo Kevin Michael
Published: August 2024

This research examines how stakeholder pressure and board characteristics influence the quality of sustainability reporting among Indonesian firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2016 and 2020. Through an analysis of 30 companies over a five-year period, we utilize linear regression to explore the relationship between board size, board education, shareholder pressure, creditor pressure, and sustainability report quality. Our findings suggest that while board size has no significant impact on sustainability reporting quality, board education plays a positive and significant role, aligning with Upper Echelons Theory. Additionally, shareholder pressure is positively associated with report quality, indicating investor interest in non-financial disclosures. Conversely, creditor pressure does not significantly affect report quality, suggesting a focus on debt repayment over CSR disclosures. These findings underscore the importance of knowledgeable board leadership and stakeholder engagement in driving high-quality sustainability reporting, offering insights for further research into industry-specific dynamics and board composition characteristics.
Formation of vegetation at a reclaimed clay quarry in the Middle Ural taiga forest area (on the example of a quarry in Yekaterinburg)
Authors: Osipenko Regina , Osipenko Aleksey , Ushakova Natal'ya , Novozhilov Andrey
Published: August 2024

The study of vegetation on disturbed lands is necessary to solve environmental problems and to restore the natural potential of such areas as soon as possible. The paper presents a taxation characterization of 15-30-year-old mixed stands of natural and artificial origin growing in a reclaimed clay quarry. Species composition, projective cover and aboveground phytomass in absolutely dry form of living ground cover were determined. Field data were collected using common methods: sample plots and survey plots. 39 species of living ground cover were recorded, which were classified into 13 families and 5 cenotypes. The data on the proportion distribution of species and aboveground phytomass of living ground cover by cenotypes, as well as on the ratio of projective cover and aboveground phytomass of living ground cover are presented. The degree of floristic composition commonality of the studied communities of herbaceous plants, determined by the Jaccard coefficient, is small (from 0.24 to 0.57). It was established that in the conditions of the research area at the reclaimed clay quarries, it is possible to form highly productive mixed plantations with predominance of coniferous species. At the study plots, the living ground cover is dominated by species from the families of legumes (Fabaceae), bluegrasses (Poaceae), and Asteraceae (Asteraceae). The dominant species in terms of projective cover at different plots are the following: red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wigg.), tufted vetch (Vicia cracca L.), velvety bentgrass (Agrostis canina L.), smooth meadow-grass (Poa pratensis L.), meadow vetchling (Lathyrus pratensis L.), wood millet (Milium effusum L.), coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara L.), and wood vetch (Vicia sylvatica L.). Plants of meadow and forest-meadow cenotypes predominate under the canopy of the studied stands. The latter is an indication that the forest environment has not been formed in the study plots. During the biological stage of clay quarry reclamation in the conditions of the Middle Ural Taiga forest area, it is recommended to sow herbaceous plants from the families of legumes (Fabaceae) and bluegrass (Poaceae), which are the most widespread within the studied quarry.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GOVERNMENT SUPPORT MEASURES FOR THE SMALL BUSINESS SECTOR IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: ИСАКОВА Г.К.
Published: August 2024

Кризисная ситуация, которая возникла в результате короновирусной пандемии, оказала влияние на все сферы жизнедеятельности и выход из нее будет продолжительным. Пандемия коснулась каждого человека, и все человечество надеялось, что данная эпидемия стихнет и все вернется в прежнее русло. Многие предприниматели надеялись, что все вернется в привычное русло, другие ждали помощи от государства, а вот некоторые предприниматели перестроили свой бизнес в соответствии со сложившимися условиями. Короновирус со временем отступил, но жизнь прежней уже не стала.

The crisis situation that arose as a result of the coronavirus pandemic has had an impact on all areas of life and the recovery from it will take a long time. The pandemic affected every person, and all of humanity hoped that this epidemic would subside and everything would return to normal. Many entrepreneurs hoped that everything would return to normal, others expected help from the state, but some entrepreneurs rebuilt their business in accordance with the current conditions. The coronavirus subsided over time, but life was no longer the sam.
FEATURES OF THE TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSING CONDITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN POPULATION
Authors: ГОРБУНОВА О.А. , ПЕРСТЕНЕВА Н.П.
Published: August 2024

Эволюция сферы жилищного хозяйства в нашей стране пришла к пониманию того, что современному жителю важны количественный и качественный аспекты жилищных условий. Мы предлагаем методику комплексной оценки жилищных условий, используя статистические данные. На основе многомерной оценки проводится рейтинг регионов.

The evolution of the housing sector in our country says that the quantitative and qualitative aspects of housing conditions are important to modern people. We propose a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of housing conditions using statistical data. Regions are ranked based on multidimensional assessment.