bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vulnerability, Digital Technologies and International Law: Reflections on Contemporary Migration Flows
Authors: Bartolomei Maria Rita , Cava Antonia
Published: May 2024

Migration, considered a ‘total social fact’, remains one of the most debated topics in contemporary society. Unfortunately, migration is not always a positive experience for everyone. Certain categories of people, such as women, children, persecuted ethnic minorities, and those fleeing conflict zones, widespread violence and natural disasters, are undoubtedly more exposed to its adverse effects. The socially disadvantaged conditions of migrants can also overlap with the risk of exclusion from digital literacy. ‘Digital availability’ is an essential asset for networking through the entire period of migration, which varies according to the departure and destination contexts and skills of use. Vulnerability can be a key concept when it comes to exploring the connection between migration processes and increasing digitisation, with both positive and negative consequences. Despite the frequent use of the term ‘vulnerability’ in political and legal discourse, its normative content is neither always clear nor universally accepted. Often treated as a self-explanatory condition, it is habitually used to distinguish migrants according to specific groups based on precise characteristics – especially refugees or asylum seekers – without specifying how the notion is conceptually understood or defined. The aim of our work is to provide some suggestions about three different concepts of vulnerability (subjective, situational and structural), the impact of the legal concept of vulnerability on migration processes and how situations of vulnerability are sometimes accentuated by the spread of media and social media.
Call for papers: Current issues in scholarly publishing
Authors: Hare Madelaine , Haustein Stefanie , Butler Leigh-Ann
Published: May 2024

The Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science (CJILS) invites submissions to a special issue on current is-sues in scholarly publishing in Canada and globally.
Peningkatan Minat Belajar Sejarah Indonesia Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Pada Peserta Didik Kelas X9 SMAN 3 Medan
Authors: Febriani Meli , Nasution Abdul Haris , Sihotang Masniar
Published: May 2024

This research aims to increase students' interest in learning using the Teams Games Tournament type cooperative learning model in class X9 students at SMAN 3 Medan for the 2023/2024 academic year. The learning interest referred to in this research is measuring students' active participation both physically and mentally. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK), where the teacher is the implementer of the learning while the researcher is the observer. This research design uses the Kemmis and Mc model. Taggart. This research was carried out in the even semester of the 2023/2024 academic year, namely in March. The research subjects were class X9 students at SMAN 3 Medan, consisting of 36 students. The object of research is students' learning interest. Data collection techniques use observation and interviews. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in the form of tables and graphs. The research results showed an increase in students' learning activeness, namely in cycle I it was 71.64% (good category), then in cycle II it increased to 83.42% (very good category). This means an increase of 11.78%. Thus, the use of the Teams Games Tournament type cooperative learning model in the Indonesian History subject can increase the learning interest of class X9 students at SMAN 3 Medan.
Implementasi Pelaksanaan Asessmen Nasional Berbasis Komputer (ANBK) di SDN 01 Benteng Hulu
Authors: Lahagu Siti Nuraini , Panduwinata Tiara
Published: May 2024

This study aims to find out how the implementation of the ANBK exam will affect SDN 01 Benteng Hulu from 2021 to 2023. More than that, this study also explains how the school integrates learning ANBK questions that are literacy and numeracy through learning materials in the classroom environment and conducting simulations before the implementation of the ANBK exam. The method in this study is a quantitative method by observing and collecting school archive data related to the ANBK exam and conducting direct interviews with the school. The implementation of the ANBK exam, which has been running since 2021, 2022, and 2023, shows that the implementation of the ANBK exam at SDN 01 Benteng Hulu runs smoothly, which can be seen in the readiness of students when carrying out the ANBK exam. In its application, the ANBK exam uses a computer and laptop for each student and carries out the exam by dividing the time into two shifts, namely the morning and afternoon shifts filled by 15 students per exam.
Memahami Dan Menguasai Hakikat IPS
Authors: Hutagalung Siti Nur'ibni Aulia , Nurjannah Dara
Published: May 2024

Studi literatur ini menginvestigasi berbagai aspek yang terkait dengan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS), dengan fokus pada pendidikan IPS. Melalui peninjauan terhadap berbagai penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh para ahli dalam bidang ini, studi ini membahas pengertian, istilah, pendidikan, dan fungsi pendidikan IPS. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa IPS bukan sekadar serangkaian mata pelajaran, tetapi sebuah pendekatan pendidikan yang mengintegrasikan berbagai disiplin ilmu sosial untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang holistik tentang masyarakat dan lingkungan. Penelitian-penelitian yang disertakan dalam studi ini menggunakan berbagai metode penelitian, seperti analisis konten, wawancara, survei, dan studi kasus, untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang mendalam tentang konsep-konsep IPS dan peran pendidikan IPS dalam pembentukan individu yang berpikiran kritis dan aktif dalam masyarakat. Temuan dari penelitian-penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya pendekatan interaktif, kontekstual, dan teknologi dalam pembelajaran IPS. Kesimpulannya, studi literatur ini menyediakan landasan yang kuat bagi pengembangan pendidikan IPS yang lebih efektif dan relevan bagi siswa di berbagai tingkat pendidikan.
The Role of Sharia Banking in Building Micro Business in Indonesia
Authors: Zahara Alfiatun , Andini Bunga , Sudirman Wahyu Febri Ramadhan , Reza Saru
Published: May 2024

This research aims to provide a better understanding of how Sharia banking can contribute to the development of micro-businesses in Indonesia. The research method used is the literature research method or literature review. This method focuses on the analysis and synthesis of written works that are relevant to the research topic being investigated. The results of this research show that Sharia banking has a significant role in building micro businesses in Indonesia. Islamic banking can be an effective partner in helping micro-businesses grow and develop in Indonesia. This article focuses on the role of Islamic banking in building micro businesses in Indonesia. Although the role of Islamic banking in developing micro-businesses is well known, this research provides a better understanding of the real contribution of Islamic banking in forming an ecosystem that supports the growth and sustainability of micro-businesses in Indonesia, as well as highlighting the challenges and obstacles faced by Islamic banking in building micro businesses in Indonesia. Indonesia. This article provides important implications for Sharia banking, government, financial institutions, and society in creating an environment that supports the growth and sustainability of micro-businesses in Indonesia.
Socioeconomic and Cultural Factors and Juvenile Delinquency in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Structural Theories
Authors: Ullah Hafiz Muhammad Haseeb , Bakhsh Faiz
Published: May 2024

The article is a critical discourse on the immigration of youth crime in Pakistan as understood by structural theories. It leverages a variety of literature and empirical studies tries to show how the meeting of structural inequalities, gender norms, and individual experiences forms the background for the antisocial nature of young people, particularly in Pakistan. The practice framework integrates the strain model, social learning theory, and rational choice theory, among others, to provide the practitioner with a broader perspective of the various things that contribute to delinquency in children. The evaluation of present policies, programs, and interventions is done in a review, which checks whether they are able to address such underlying issues and recommendations on policy reforms are proposed. By emphasizing the community-specific socio-economic and cultural contexts, the work has underlined the need for a responsibility-tailored solution that integrates cultural and socio-economic considerations. The identified research shows that the requirements for community efforts to be made are a partnership among researchers, policymakers and community leaders who organize evidence-based interventions to create a more equal and fair juvenile criminal justice system in Pakistan.
SHORT PHYSICAL PERFORMACE BATTERY FOR THE SCREENING OF SARCOPENIA IN OLDER SLOVENIAN NURSING HOME RESIDENTS
Authors: Šporin Martin , Zerbo Šporin Dorjana
Published: May 2024

Sarcopenia is a common skeletal muscle disease in older adults that is associated with numerous negative consequences and represents a real public health concern. Due to the lack of appropriate measurement tools, sarcopenia is difficult to diagnose in residential care. The aim of this study was to find out whether the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score can be used as a diagnostic tool for screening older adults in nursing homes for sarcopenia in order to take targeted measures for those at risk of the disease. In the cross-sectional study, the prevalence of sarcopenia was determined using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) guidelines in 121 participants (69% women) of median age of 86 years. Physical performance was assessed using the SPPB test and the cut-off score ≤ 6, which is associated with increased all-cause mortality, was used to distinguish the exposed from the non-exposed group for which the odds ratio (OR) for sarcopenia cases was calculated. The median SPPB score was lower and the prevalence of sarcopenia higher in the exposed group than in the non-exposed group (3/12 and 8/12 for SPPB score and 27.5% and 20.0% for sarcopenia prevalence, respectively), but the odds of developing sarcopenia were similar for both groups (OR=1.51; 95% CI 0.55 – 4.14; p=0.418). The SPPB showed a lack of diagnostic ability for sarcopenia in nursing home residents when a discriminatory cut-off score of 6 was used. The SPPB score remains a valuable indicator of physical performance and thus reflects the health status of older people.
EXPLORING NOVEL APPROACHES FOR QUANTIFYING LEVELS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Pavlovič Rimi , Sember Vedrana , Štemberger Vesna
Published: May 2024

Physical inactivity worldwide poses a significant risk to public health. The use of modern technology-based methods for the evaluation and understanding of behaviours related to physical activity is essential for crafting interventions aimed at promoting a more active population. This scholarly article explores innovative methods for assessing physical activity levels, categorized into objective and subjective approaches. Objective techniques, including wearable activity monitors, mobile health apps, environmental sensors, and geospatial analysis, are crucial for generating reliable and valid data across different demographics. Conversely, subjective methods like self-reports and diaries, though useful for studying larger populations, offer less data reliability. The methods discussed in this study provide profound insights into the behaviors associated with physical activity and assist in devising strategies to counteract rising global inactivity.
THE INFLUENCE OF SITUATIONAL VARIABLES ON THE ATTACKING PROCESS IN FOOTBALL
Authors: Kim Jongwon , James Nic , Gwon Ungho , Kim Bochan , Parmar Nimai , Pocrnjič Marko , Vučković Goran
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study was to identify the influence of situational variables i.e. match venue, opposition quality, match status, key player and interaction of situation variables on the attacking process. Full season match data (n=38) from Premier League Football Club Crystal Palace in 2017/2018 season were analysed. Crystal Palace created more midfield line breaks, zone 14, wide area, penalty box possession and less counter attacks when playing at home compared to away, when playing against bottom teams than middle teams, middle teams than top teams, when drawing than losing, wining than drawing and with key player than without him. These results suggested that different strategy changes, for different levels of situational variables, could have led to more goals being scored. This type of analysis could provide information for better match preparation, where coaches create match strategies for different external situations. However, sample size, pitch area and individual players’ contributions will be necessary considerations for this methodology to provide practically useful information for applied practice. This approach helps close the theory-practice gap but also exemplifies why the gap exists and the difficulty in closing it fully.
SOME ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GYMNASTS AND THE INFLUENCE ON APPARATUS PERFORMANCE
Authors: Jovanović Saša , Bijelić Snežana , Živčić Kamenka , Milčić Lucija , Možnik Marijo
Published: May 2024

While rules and elite gymnasts have evolved, some anthropometric characteristics still differ from the general populations. This study aims to find the anthropometric factors affecting apparatus scores in men's and women's gymnastics. A total of 62 competitors, 25 female gymnasts and 37 male gymnasts, from 22 countries competed in the World Cup. Scores on the men's and women's all-around apparatus and the competitor's anthropometric characteristics formed the sample of variables. According to the results, the D-score in women's gymnastics is influenced by BMI (p< 0.005). The ideal lower BMR (kcal) and BMI levels are also on the floor (p< 0.005). In men's gymnastics, the variable FAT% should be lower for a higher D-score for floor (p< 0.005) and BMR (kcal) for pommel horse (p< 0.005).
RELATIONSHIP OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG FEMALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS FROM MONTENEGRO
Authors: Mitrovic Milena , Masanovic Bojan , Popovic Stevo
Published: May 2024

The main goal of this research was to determine the relationship between physical activity and the quality of life of female students from Montenegro. The sample of respondents consisted of 128 female students of the University of Montenegro, average age 20.9±3.28 years. Two measuring instruments were used in the research: a modified short version of the IPAK questionnaire for assessing physical activity (light, moderate, intensive and total) and a modified version of the WHOQOL BREF questionnaire for assessing quality of life (physical health, mental health, social relationships, satisfaction with quality of life). Basic descriptive parameters were calculated for each variable, while regression analysis was used to establish the mentioned relationship. The results showed that female students are moderately physically active, and that total, moderate and intense physical activity is associated with physical health, mental health and satisfaction with social relationships. Total and moderate physical activity aren’t related to satisfaction with quality of life. Light physical activity is only associated with psychological health (concentration, satisfaction with sleep). The results of this study confirmed the significant connection between physical activity and quality of life among female students in Montenegro and represent a strong argument that should initiate an adequate reaction, primarily from the professional and scientific society, but also from the executive authorities in order to strengthen the promotion of the active lifestyle of the student population in Montenegro, and decreasing the epidemic of physical inactivity.
RELIABILITY AND DISCRIMINANT VALIDITY OF INSTRUMENTED SKATEBOARDING-SPECIFIC POSTURAL SWAY TEST: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors: Fajhtinger Sonja , Kozinc Žiga
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE: The rise of skateboarding, particularly its inclusion in the Olympics, highlights the need for tailored balance assessment protocols, a notable gap in current research. In this study, we explored a new skateboarding-specific postural sway test. METHODS: 28 participants (15 skateboarders, 13 non-skateboarders) performed four balance tasks on a force plate. The tasks evaluated the Center of Pressure (CoP) movement in antero-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) directions, and CoP area. Reliability was measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for relative reliability, and the coefficient of variation (CV) for absolute reliability. RESULTS: Relative reliability was moderate to excellent (ICC: CoP AP velocity 0.75-0.89; CoP ML velocity 0.78-0.88; CoP Area 0.82-0.89). Absolute reliability was generally not acceptable, with CV exceeding 10% for almost all variables in all tasks. Significant task effects were observed in CoP velocity and area (p < 0.001), with a moderate group × task interaction in CoP area (p = 0.024; η² = 0.12), but no significant group differences. The third task (bipedal stance on a skateboard with eyes closed) nearly reached significance between groups (t = 1.89; p = 0.069). CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates good relative but limited absolute reliability and discriminant validity for the skateboard-specific sway test, questioning the usefulness of these tests and the specificity of balance adaptations in skateboarding.
THE PARALLELISM OF ENGLISH AND URDU PRESS IN PAKISTAN: CHALLENGES AND OUTCOMES
Authors: Dr. Syed M. Saqib Saleem Dr. Firasat Jabeen, Dr. Saleem Abbas,
Published: May 2024

This paper examines Urdu and English press in Pakistan to identify the differences between the two. Linguistically, both Urdu and English mass media function as the leading media of Pakistan; however, the differences of news and views in presentation, style, and focus refer to an information chasm that we call ‘information segregation.’ In our study, that spans over the period of one-year, i.e., January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, we essentially engage in a critical discourse analysis of front-page news stories and op-ed articles (mostly editorials) of four national broadsheet newspapers, especially for two important incidents in 2023, i.e., (i) the May 9 riots, and (ii) the Jaranwala incident. Our analysis demonstrates that there is a difference of focus and presentation style especially in issues related to disputing the status quo and having a bold/critical stance on religiously controversial and sensitive issues such as blasphemy law. In this difference, English media appears to have an audacious approach as compared to Urdu media. With Walter Lipmann, we argue that news and views in media are subject to journalistic and editorial choices. Although studying the reasons of these choices is beyond the scope of this study, we contend that a linguistically different mass media in Pakistan creates (and perpetuates) different worldview for its audience, which is unaligned with inclusive and egalitarian norms of a democratic society.
REVISITING THE PAKISTAN’S FOREIGN POLICY WITH SHIFT IN ECONOMIC AND TRADING INTERESTS: A GEOPOLITICAL SCENARIO
Authors: Zubair Nawaz, Muhammad Mohsin, Muhammad Naeem
Published: May 2024

Pakistan, a country in the South Asian region, is located at the pivot of global trading routes. However, it has remained a security state with threat perception constantly driving its foreign policy. Multiple causes can be associated with the security-driven course of foreign policy and numerous consequences can be derived from such a course of foreign policy. The main aim of this explanatory study is to revisit the foreign policy of Pakistan to shift its economic and trade interests from security state to welfare state. The dynamics of international relations are changing from security-led alliances to economic interdependence. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) provides Pakistan with a significant opportunity to realize its geo-economic and geopolitical strength and revenue potential. Through a foreign policy driven by economics and trade interests to neighboring countries and the regions Pakistan’s not only become a welfare state but also a Great Power. In a nutshell, Pakistan has the potential to become another Germany which evolved from a security state to a welfare state.
THE IMPACT OF THE GIG ECONOMY ON TRADITIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND THE NECESSITY FOR REVISED BUSINESS, HR, AND LEGAL STRATEGIES
Authors: Dr. Sami Ur Rahman, Muhammad Shahid Sultan, Aliza Tabassam
Published: May 2024

The entrance of the gig economy into the employment field requires many innovative business strategies from both players as well as from the government. This study appraises the management of the freelance workforce from the theory of resource-based view (RBV) and transaction cost economics (TCE), which are helpful theoretical tools. RBV considers freelancer calls, and TCE does benefit and cost analysis when hiring freelancers or home staff. Given the qualitative nature of the research, a combination of interviews and focus groups with the stakeholders operating in the gig economy platform, as well as an analysis of documents of a strategic and legal nature, will be taken to investigate the inner articulations of gig employment. The preliminary results show that having organizational flexibility, personalizing personnel management, and the strategic inclusion of gig workers are the main factors that can ensure business success in a rapidly changing market environment. Nevertheless, without the gender pay gap and legal safeguarding, it becomes evident that there is a further need to work on these. The focus of the study is to bring up topics to be implemented in gig employment, such as the creation of HR policies and legal standards which would promote the sustainability of gig work and, at the same time, protect worker rights, which can contribute to a balanced and fair gig economy
Pengembangan Video Pembelajaran Berbasis Capcut Tentang Amas (Ayo Menjadi Anak Shalih/Shalihah) Untuk Meningkatkan Akhlak Mulia Siswa SD
Authors: Bella Agustina Dinda , Ramadhani Novia , Anastasya Maharani Putri , Nur Aeni Ani
Published: May 2024

Latar belakang penelitian ini berdasarkan dari pemanfaatan media pembelajaran yang berbasis teknologi. Video pembelajaran memungkinkan variasi dalam penyampaian materi, sehingga dapat disesuaikan dengan gaya belajar peserta didik. Video pembelajaran AMAS memberikan pengalaman belajar yang lebih menyenangkan. Dengan penggunaan teknologi software seperti Canva dan CapCut interaktif pada video pembelajaran, siswa dapat terlibat secara aktif dalam proses pembelajaran dan meningkatkan motivasi mereka untuk terus belajar. CapCut dipilih sebagai platform utama untuk pembuatan video karena kemudahan penggunaannya dan fitur-fitur kreatif yang dapat menambah nilai visual video. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengembangan penggunaan media video pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Objek dari penelitian yaitu peserta didik kelas 5 SDN Panyingkiran II Kecamatan Sumedang Utara Kabupaten Sumedang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah D&D (Design & Development) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan video pembelajaran yang dikembangkan sudah berhasil diuji layak produk dan dapat digunakan pada pembelajaran. Dengan demikian, pengembangan video pembelajaran ini diharapkan dapat mendukung proses pembelajaran yang interaktif, menyenangkan, dan memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang nilai-nilai kebaikan dalam Islam bagi siswa kelas 5 SDN Panyingkiran II.
VISUALIZATION OF THE ACCESSIBLE ENVIRONMENT OF HEALTHCARE FACILITIES: ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECT
Authors: Bazhukhina А. D. , Kleschevnykova Т. М. , Kurmangulov А. А. , Safonov D. А.
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of the analysis of regulatory and legal regulation and empirical research on the issues of visualization in the organization of an accessible environment of medical organizations. It has been established that the possibilities of visualization when creating an accessible environment for low-mobility groups of the population in state medical organizations are not used to their full extent, both quantitatively and qualitatively. As a methodological support for the active implementation of lean methods in the management of medical organizations, further systematization and stratification of examples of the use of visualization in the creation and improvement of an accessible environment of health care facilities is necessary.
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: PAST AND PRESENT
Authors: Lukasheva О. V. , Makarov К. Yu. , Bortsov V. A. , Sokolova Т. М. , Kuleshov V. М. , Kiseleva Т. V. , Piven L. А. , Yuryeva Т. А.
Published: May 2024

Тhe scientific review of the historical development of reproductive health care for children and adolescents from the 19th century to the present reflects the evolution of approaches and the significance of research in modern healthcare.

The aim of the study was to study the history of the formation of the reproductive health system for children and adolescents.

Materials and methods: The study used information bases: PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, eLibrary for the period from 1954 to February 2024. For the specified keywords: “protection of reproductive health of adolescents”, “reproductive health of adolescent girls”, “organization of adolescent health”, “reproductive health”, “preventive work”, 40 publications were found in search engines that fully correspond to the stated problem. The formation of the adolescent health care system in Russia since the early Soviet period is examined, highlighting the features of organizing preventive and medical services. The development of medical care in the post-war period is analyzed, particularly in the context of reproductive health, including the establishment of specialized clinics for children and adolescents, and strengths and weaknesses of healthcare organization are described. Additionally, the current influence of global reproductive health strategies on medical service policy in Russia is discussed. The role of outpatient and obstetric-gynecological care in providing medical-preventive assistance is emphasized, highlighting the importance of preventive work and information-educational activities. A comprehensive approach to reproductive health, including social and psychological aspects, and the significance of scientific research and initiatives in this area are examined.
THE ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL NEUROINFLAMMATION MOLECULES IN PATHOGENESIS ISCHEMIC STROKE. PART I
Authors: Ma-Van-de А. Yu. , Fefelova Е. V. , Shirshov Yu. A.
Published: May 2024

Ischemic stroke is an acute, severe vascular pathology of the brain, accompanied by general cerebral and focal neurological symptoms. The occurrence of the disease is based on arterial thrombosis, leading to the formation of a focus of infarction of brain tissue. In most cases, after an acute cerebral accident, persistent neurological deficits persist in the form of motor, cognitive and other disorders. Cerebral infarction is a multifactorial disease with a complex multicascade pathogenesis. The severity of the disease, the speed of patient recovery and outcome do not always correlate with their age and the presence of underlying pathology. Therefore, at the moment, there is a certain interest in an in-depth study of the pathological processes that occur directly at the site of cerebral infarction and in the penumbra zone (ischemic penumbra). It is possible that a more detailed understanding of the ongoing pathological processes will allow us to further achieve better results in the process of treatment and recovery of patients.

The presented literature review highlights current data on the main pathological processes that occur during ischemic stroke. The role of microglia as the main regulator of the processes of inflammation, immunosuppression, degeneration and repair of nervous tissue is considered.
PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES IN WOMEN OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS OVER 50 YEARS OLD RESIDING IN THE TRANSBAIKAL REGION
Authors: Verkhoturova S. V. , Gorbunov V. V. , Tsarenok S. Y. , Aksenova Т. А.
Published: May 2024

The aim of the research. To study prognostically unfavorable risk factors of the occurrence osteoporotic fractures in women over 50 years old in Trans-Baikal Region.

Materials and methods. 121 women with OP (67 Russian and 54 Buryat nationalities, average age 63.5 years) and 145 healthy women of the same age were examined. The genetic polymorphisms VDR, LCT and COL1A1 were studied by PCR. The concentrations of bone tissue metabolism markers in the blood serum of 80 women were studied.

Results. Homozygous TT of LCT 13910 C>T and recessive allele A VDR - Bsm1 c.IVS7 G>A were associated with increased risk of osteoporosis in women over 50 years of age living in the Trans-Baikal Territory. Heterozygous GА of VDR Bsm1 c.IVS7G>A, homozygous TT of LCT 13910 C>T were associated with increased risk of osteoporosis in Russian women. Homozygous АА of VDR Bsm1 c.IVS7G>A were associated with osteoporosis risk in Buryat women. The content of pyridinoline is increased in the blood serum of Russian women compared to Buryats. Independent predictors of the development of fractures were established: the TT genotype of the LCT and a high concentration of the ß-CrossLaps in Russian women, an increase in the level of pyridinoline and ß-CrossLaps in the blood serum of Buryats.

Conclusion. The study of genetic polymorphism of bone tissue metabolite genes and markers of bone resorption in blood serum can be used as an early preclinical diagnosis of low-energy fractures in women over 50 years old living in the Trans-Baikal region.
PHENOTYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF CHRONIC POLYPOSIS RHINOSINUSITIS
Authors: Manikovskaya Т. М. , Egorova Е. V.
Published: May 2024

Chronic polypous rhinosinusitis is a multifactorial disease that is accompanied by chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses with its remodeling, formation and recurrent growth of polyps. Given the unfavorable epidemiological data, as well as frequent relapses of the disease, despite the use of conservative therapy and repeated surgical interventions, this disease significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. This article presents generalized literature data on the clinical phenotypes and endotypes of polyposis rhinosinusitis.
HEREDITARY ANGIOEDEMA WITH NORMAL LEVELS OF C1-INHIBITOR
Authors: Mikhno V. A. , Bogomolova I. К.
Published: May 2024

Hereditary angioedema refers to life-threatening, orphan diseases and is characterized by recurrent edema in deep dermis of various localization. It is associated with a deficiency or decrease in C1-inhibitor function or does not depend on it. Genetic variants in the SERPING1, FXII, PLG, ANGPT1, KNG1, MYOF, and HS3ST6 genes lead to hereditary angioedema. Some of these genes are involved in the metabolism of bradykinin, others influence the permeability of the endothelium. In total, we identified 1078 articles, 40 of which are included in the review. This review emphasizes the importance of further research of the molecular features of these diseases and, treatment.
HEMOPHAGOCYTIC LYMPHOHISTIOCYTOSIS IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE
Authors: Bataeva Е. Р. , Maksimova О. G. , Petrukhina I. I. , Kazantseva А. N. , Molchanova Т. S. , Chesnokova М. А. , Dyukova Е. I.
Published: May 2024

The article presents a review of literature sources highlighting the issues of clinical and laboratory diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in children. The authors of various observations have repeatedly emphasized hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis continues to be a life-threatening disease despite modern implementations in diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, the prognosis and outcome are largely determined by the timeliness of diagnosis and the right tactic. The review is illustrated by a clinical example of a fatally ended case of an infant, he was diagnosed posthumously based on the results of a molecular genetic tests.
REPEATED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH KAWASAKI SYNDROME
Authors: Busalaeva Е. I. , Opalinskaya I. V. , Zhilina А. А. , Trofimova А. N. , Khromova L. D.
Published: May 2024

Kawasaki syndrome is characterized by damage to the coronary arteries with the formation of aneurysms, which persist and progress after the completion of the acute stage of the process and cause hemodynamically significant stenoses and thrombosis. The literature research data on cardiac pathology in patients with Kawasaki syndrome are presented. A clinical case of a young non-mongoloid patient with a high probability of Kawasaki syndrome suffered in childhood is described. Repeated myocardial infarctions, multiple aneurysms of characteristic shapes and sizes in the coronary arteries are confirmation of this disease. With the development of coronary pathology in young people, when conducting a diagnostic search, it is necessary to remember about the Kawasaki syndrome.
STRESS RESISTANCE IN THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF ANAESTHESIOLOGIST AND INTENSIVE CARE PHYSICHIAN
Authors: Ironosov V. Е. , Pshenisnov К. V. , Aleksandrovich Yu. S.
Published: May 2024

The aim of the research is to assess stress levels and stress resistance in anesthesiologists and intensive care physicians.

Materials and methods. The study includes 149 anesthesiologists and intensive care physicians working in the Russian Federation. The average age of respondents was 37,2 ± 12,1 years. Depending on age, all participants were divided into groups III: group I (under 29 years old) – 45 (30,2%) people, group II (30- 49 years old) – 77 (51,7%) and group III (over 50 years old) – 27 (18,1%) people, the sex distribution was approximately the same: 77 women and 72 men, among them 82 doctors had a family and 67 people were single. The average work experience in the specialty was 11,2 ± 11,0 years. The average diploma score of the university was 4,21 ± 0,39.

Study results. It was revealed that 35% of respondents are introverts and 58% showed themselves as emotionally stable extroverts. When analyzing the results of testing according to Lusher, it was found that the majority of respondents at the first presentation of eight cards chose blue as the main color, which indicates the need for calm and peace. The maximum level of neuropsychiatric tension was characteristic of doctors working for days: 42,5 ± 9,3 points, with a minimum score of 30 points and a maximum score of 71 points. Women were characterized by higher rates, but this was not statistically significant. There was a strong statistically significant negative correlation between the level of NSP and age r = - 0,80, p < 0,05) and a direct correlation with health status (r = 0,83, p < 0,05). There was also a statistically significant direct correlation between neuropsychiatric tension level and stress resistance (r = 0,36, p < 0,05).

Conclusion. The majority of anesthesiologists and intensive care physicians are characterized by extraversion, a high level of internality and sensitivity, the need for calm and peace, while the main priority in the practical activities of anesthesiologists-resuscitators is situational orientation.
STUDY OF THE LEVEL OF PROSTATIC SPECIFIC ANTIGEN AS A POTENTIAL MARKER OF RETROGRADE EJACULATION
Authors: Gal'kovich К. R. , Sosnin D. Yu.
Published: May 2024

With retrograde ejaculation, the ejaculation mechanism changes: the expulsion of the seed fluid occurs in the proximal direction into the bladder.

The aim of the research. Identification of the value of determining the concentration of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in post-orgasmic urine (POM) for the diagnosis of retrograde ejaculation.

Materials and methods. 59 men (age 34,1 ± 8,9 years) were examined. The main group (n=27) consisted of men suffering from retrograde ejaculation. The comparison group (n=32) included men whose ejaculation was physiologically antegrade and who had no coitus during the previous 2 days. The concentration of total PSA in blood serum and urine was determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) using the test system "total PSA-ELISA-BEST" (T-8458) (Vector–Best LLC, Russia).

Results. The median concentration of total PSA in urine in the comparison group was 9,52 times higher than the same indicator in blood serum. When comparing the content of total PSA in the main group of patients in the morning urine, in the 1st (at the beginning of the act of urination) and 2nd (at the end of the act of urination) portions of POM, we found comparable indicators of the concentration of total PSA, no significant differences were found (the Kraskel–Wallis criterion H=0,4914, p=0,9208, with a pairwise comparison between all the studied groups of urine samples, p = 1,000000).

Conclusion. The level of PSA in the urine of men of fertile age is almost 10 times higher than that in blood serum. The presence of PSA in high concentration in the bladder urine may indicate various ways of getting this substance into the urine: retrograde casting of sperm during ejaculation and free filtration of this protein in the glomeruli of the kidney. The PSA total urine test is not suitable for laboratory diagnosis of retrograde ejaculation.
ROLE OF METALLOPROTEINASE-12-82A>G GENE SNP IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CONTRACTION-AGE PATIENTS
Authors: Zagalaev В. Т. , Miromanova N. А. , Miromanov А. М.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to establish the significance of the MMP12-82A>G gene SNP in the pathogenesis of community-acquired pneumonia in patients of military age.

Materials and methods. A survey of 160 unrelated patients of military age (18-20 years) living in the TransBaikal Territory was carried out. The first group (n=80) - patients with COVID-19 infection complicated by mild pneumonia (n=40) and severe pneumonia (n=40). Group 2 – clinical comparison (n=80) – patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) of non-influenza etiology, complicated by mild pneumonia (n=40) and severe pneumonia (n=40). The control group consisted of 86 practically healthy men of the same age. Exclusion criteria: presence of family ties; patients with acute and/or chronic concomitant pathology. Research methods: clinical; laboratory (immunological - determination of metalloproteinase-12; genetic - polymorphism of the MMP12-82A>G gene); instrumental (computed tomography). The studies were carried out upon admission to the hospital. Statistical processing of the study results was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0 software package (IBM, USA).

Results. A predominance of the -82A- allele of the MMP12-82(A>G) gene was recorded in the group with ARI and -82A/G genotype in patients with community-acquired pneumonia against the background of COVID-19 infection, while in severe cases a predominance of the -82A- allele and - was noted 82A/A genotype. An increase in the concentration of MMP-12 in the main group was found to be 3.6 times compared to the same value in the control group and 1.7 times compared to the group of community-acquired pneumonia against the background of ARI. Studying the effect of SNP MMP12-82A>G on the expression of MMP-12, a tendency was noted for its content to decrease in carriers of the -82G/G genotype.

Conclusion. The -82A- allele and the -82A/A genotype of the MMP12 gene are associated with a severe course of community-acquired pneumonia (COVID-19, ARI) in patients of military age, while carriage of the -82Gallele and -82G/G genotype can be considered as a protective effect of a favorable course pathological process in the lungs. In patients of military age with community-acquired pneumonia, an increase in the concentration of MMP-12 is recorded, with the highest values in the group with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19 infection. When carrying the -82G/G genotype of the MMP12 gene, a decrease in the concentration of MMP-12 in the blood serum is recorded.
BLOOD CONTENT OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 9 IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19- ASSOCIATED LUNG DISEASE
Authors: Karachenova А. М. , Romanova Е. N. , Karachenov R. А.
Published: May 2024

The aim of the research. To identify the relationship between the serum content of MPP-9 and the polymorphism of the MPP-9 gene (A8202G) with the severity of the course of COVID-19-associated lung damage.

Materials and methods. The paper presents the results of a survey of 200 people 1 month after suffering COVID-associated lung damage in the period from June 01 to October 31, 2020. The patients were divided into groups of 50 people depending on the degree of lung damage according to the results of computed tomography: 1st group (CT-1), 2nd group (CT-2), 3rd group (CT-3), 4th group (CT-4). The following diseases were registered in the structure of background pathology: arterial hypertension (AH), coronary heart disease (CHD), obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes), chronic kidney disease (CKD), COPD and bronchial asthma. The control group included 56 relatively healthy individuals who did not suffer from coronavirus infection, the median age was 55.0 [51.1; 55.0]. All groups were comparable in age and gender. The content of MMP-9 in the blood serum was studied. A molecular genetic study of the MMP-9 (A8202G) gene was also conducted.

Results. As a result of the work, a lower content of MPP-9 was revealed in the control group compared to the study groups. A higher level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 was also revealed in patients with more severe COVID-19-associated lung damage (CT-4), compared to less severe patients (CT-1).

Conclusion. Thus, taking into account the data obtained in patients after coronavirus infection with COVID19-associated lung damage, it can be assumed that an increased concentration of MPP-9 is one of the factors contributing to both lung damage against the background of infection and a factor in the severe course of this complication.
BIRADS 3 TUMORS ON THE ULTRASOUND: ONCOLOGICAL RISKS
Authors: Kayukova Е. V. , Kayukov V. А. , Neradovskaya Е. А.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. BIRADS 3 tumors are an area of interest for the oncologist and the gynecologist considering likelihood of cancer less than or equal to 2%.

Aim. To analyze the frequency of diagnoses in BIRADS 3 of ultrasound, to determine the risk of breast cancer in women with BIRADS 3 after the first ultrasound.

Materials and methods. A prospective study was carried out, the participants of were women from the TransBaikal Regional Oncology Center with BIRADS 3 after the first ultrasound.expert-class ultrasound examination of the breast was carried out for all patients using a General Electric Voluson E6 device (Austria, 2011).The fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) with cytological examination, core tumor biopsy (Biopsy needle, Italy, 14 G / 2.00 mm) with histological examination were performed according to indications.Statistical analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0 program"

Results. Almost every third of the woman referred to an oncologist does not have a BIRADS gradation in the ultrasound report. Changing the BIRADS category was performed in 22.4% of cases after expert ultrasound Biopsy of tumors with the BIRADS 3 was performed in 31% cases, among them breast cancer was detected in 3,4% of cases, intraductal papilloma with atypia – 1,7%.

Conclusion. The use of BIRADS grading is necessary for the breast ultrasound, which affects the routing and examination. The management for patients with BIRADS 3 ultrasound should be individualized, considering clinical, radiological features.
DYNAMICS OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19 AND SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS AND HIV-ASSOCIATED TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Kukhlov V. V. , Kukhlova D. О. , Mordyk А. V.
Published: May 2024

The aim of the research. Assessment of the influence of social factors on the course and outcome of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in patients with tuberculosis and HIV-associated tuberculosis.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 103 case histories of patients in 2 study groups: HIVassociated TB/COVID-19 (n=45) and TB/COVID-19 (n=58) is presented.

Results. The mean age of patients with a combination of HIV-associated tuberculosis and COVID-19 infection (42,8 ± 7,2 years) is significantly lower than patients with tuberculosis and COVID-19 infection (51,3 ± 13 years). Bad habits, including drug addiction (62,2% and 3,4% in the groups, respectively) and alcoholism (93,3% and 67,2% in the groups, respectively) were associated with HIV infection. Hepatitis C (77,8% and 15,5% in the groups, respectively), refusal of further inpatient treatment (84,4% and 25,9% in the groups, respectively), stay in correctional labor institutions (ITU) (53,3% and 27,6% in the groups, respectively) were significantly more common in HIV-infected patients. Such social factors as disability, lack of work, place of residence, degree of education, living with or without relatives, marital status, housing characteristics did not affect the dynamics and outcome of the disease in general. The form and phase of the course of tuberculosis were associated with HIV infection. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with the absence of HIV infection (0% and 17.2% in the groups, respectively). The severity of the course of COVID-19, the outcome of the disease at the end of inpatient treatment did not depend on the presence of HIV infection.

Conclusion. No direct relationship between HIV infection and social factors associated with it with the severity of tuberculosis and the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 has been established.
PLATELET AGGREGATION FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH KETOACIDOSIS OF VARYING DEGREES OF SEVERITY
Authors: Mukha N. V. , Govirin A. V. , Filev А. Р. , Fetisova N. V. , Kalashnikova N. М.
Published: May 2024

The aim of the research. To study the aggregation function of platelets in the blood of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus complicated by ketoacidosis, depending on the severity of ketoacidosis in the dynamics of the disease.

Materials and methods. 135 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus complicated by mild and moderate ketoacidosis were examined, respectively, on the 1st, 5th and 10th days of the disease. The average age of the patients was 29,2±8,9 years. Platelet aggregation was studied using a Biola two-channel laser platelet aggregation analyzer (model LA230, Russia).

Results. It was found that in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus complicated by moderate and severe ketoacidosis, spontaneous platelet aggregation was sharply increased compared with patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus complicated by mild ketoacidosis. The most pronounced changes were registered on the 1st and 5th days of the disease in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus complicated by moderate and severe ketoacidosis, and on the 5th day in the same cohort of patients complicated by mild ketoacidosis.

Conclusion. Clinically significant laboratory parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus complicated by ketoacidosis, indirectly indicating hypercoagulation, require drug correction.