bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cycle Slip Detection and Repair Method Using BDS Triple-Frequency Optimization Combination with Wavelet Denoising
Authors: Li Kezhao , Ban Haofei , Jiao Yingxiang , Lv Shuaikang
Published: April 2022

The traditional triple-frequency geometry-free pseudorange minus phase (GFPMP) method is very susceptible to the influence of pseudorange observation noise, and it is difficult to detect insensitive small cycle slips. The dual-frequency phase ionospheric residual (PIR) method has the ability to detect sensitive small cycle slips, but its detection results have multivalue problems. In view of this, a GFPMP-PIR combination model method with wavelet denoising (GPW) is proposed here. The idea of this method is as follows: firstly, wavelet transform is used to denoise the pseudorange observations; then, by optimizing and selecting the combination coefficients with the minimum condition, an optimized GFPMP-PIR combination model is constructed. Hence, the source data quality is assured through wavelet denoising. And the accuracy of cycle slip detection and repair is improved by using the dual-frequency PIR combination. Moreover, the multivalue problem of the dual-frequency PIR method is solved by triple-frequency GFPMP combination; finally, the BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) triple-frequency measurement data is used for experimental verification. The experiment results show that the GFPMP-PIR optimization combination model with wavelet denoising can detect and repair various cycle slips, especially for insensitive small cycle slips.
Intersigmoid Internal Hernia: Laparoscopic Repair of a Rare Cause of Bowel Obstruction
Authors: Almahmeed Ebrahim , Aljawder Hasan Shawqi , Fadhul Mohamed Khalid , Abualsel Abdulmenem
Published: April 2022

Intersigmoid hernia is a hernia of an abdominal viscus into the intersigmoid fossa, and it is one of the rare forms of internal hernia that can present with bowel obstruction. Intersigmoid hernia poses challenges in its diagnosis and treatment due to its rarity and vague signs and symptoms. As such, a high index of suspicion should be maintained, and early diagnostic examination should be done that includes an abdominal CT that may show signs suggestive of internal hernia. Managing this condition relies mainly on surgical intervention (open or laparoscopic) in a timely manner to prevent further complications, such as bowel ischemia. We present a case of intersigmoid hernia in a 51-year-old Bahraini male who presented with vague abdominal pain and vomiting.
[Retracted] Diversity of Rotavirus Strains among Children with Acute Diarrhea in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Bukhari Nain Tarra , Parveen Gulnaz , Ali Pir Asmat , Sami Amtul , Lashari Yasmeen , Mukhtar Naila , Bano Raisa , Haider Nargis , Khowaja Atiya Hussain , Kazmi Shahana Urooj
Published: April 2022

One of the common viral pathogens in infectious diarrhea is Rotavirus; in developing countries, it is a primary cause of deaths in children less than five years of age. This study was planned to find out the etiologic agents of acute watery diarrhea. In this study, 1465 stool samples were analyzed with the symptoms of acute diarrhea. Demographic data analysis showed no. of episodes of diarrhea, vomiting, and fever. All samples were checked by ELISA technique for the presence of Rotavirus circulating strains. More than 6% patients were found to be positive with Rotavirus. Common Rotavirus genotypes, including G2P4, G2P6, G3P4, G8P4, G8P6, G9P4, and G10P4, were detected in patients through RT‐PCR. This study concluded that detection of rotavirus strain diversity and management of diarrheal patients may identify assortment of emerging strains and reduce emergence of antimicrobial resistance and repeated episodes of diarrhea, which may also help to avoid and manage the essential nutrients lost leading to malnutrition and stunted growth, as well as to reduce high mortality rate in young children less than five years.
C3-Epimer of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 as a Superior Marker for Predicting the Severity of Chronic Kidney Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Tang Jie , Ying Binwu , Yang Yuwei , Xu Bei , Yu Lin , Jiang Wenqiang , Pu Shutao
Published: April 2022

Objective. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D3) is involved in oxidative stress regulation by upregulating the expression of antioxidant genes except for mineral homeostasis physiological role. C3-epimer of 25(OH)D3 (C3-epi-25[OH]D3) is a form of vitamin D metabolite with low bioaffinity in vivo, but little is known about the relationship between C3-epi-25(OH)D3 and diseases. This study was aimed at investigating the relationship between C3-epi-25(OH)D3 and the severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Method. A total of 318 RA inpatients were enrolled and divided into mild (

n
=
247

), moderate (

n
=
46

), and severe (

n
=
25

) CKD groups according to the CKD prognosis criterion of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines. Serum levels of 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, C3-epi-25(OH)D3, and free 25(OH)D (F25[OH]D) were measured, and the value of 25(OH)D was calculated. The relationship and changing trend of the indexes based on CKD severity were analyzed. Results. The serum levels of 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D3, and F25(OH)D showed a decreasing trend (

z
=
−
2.781
–
−
3.996

,

P
<
0.01

) in RA patients with CKD progression from mild to severe, while C3-epi-25(OH)D3 showed an increasing trend (

z
=
6.741

,

P
<
0.001

) and 25(OH)D2 showed no significant difference among the groups (

z
=
0.976

,

P
=
0.329

). Only levels of C3-epi-25(OH)D3 presented significant differences between adjacent CKD severity groups in RA patients (mild to moderate:

z
=
3.963

,

P
a
d
j
<
0.001

; moderate to severe:

z
=
3.269

,

P
a
d
j
=
0.002

). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that 25(OH)D3 and C3-epi-25(OH)D3 were significant predictors for CKD progression in RA patients, and C3-epi-25(OH)D3 had a better predictive advantage (moderate vs. mild:

OR
=
4.79

,

P
<
0.001

; severe vs. mild:

OR
=
17.85

,

P
<
0.001

). Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal that C3-epi-25(OH)D3 is a dominant predictor of CKD severity in RA patients. Further studies are needed to explore the relationship between C3-epi-25(OH)D3 and other diseases.
Encrypted Cloud Data Mark and Group Search Method Based on Singular Value Decomposition
Authors: Tao Lingbing , Huang Jian , Song YingKun , Tie Zhixin
Published: April 2022

In order to improve the retrieval efficiency and security of the cloud server, an encrypted cloud data mark and group search method (MGSM) based on singular value decomposition is proposed in this paper. Firstly, all documents are clustered, then indexes and query marks are constructed according to classes, and then documents with low correlation are filtered according to their matching degree. Secondly, the reserved document index vector is expressed as an index matrix, and the singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm is employed to reduce the dimensionality of the matrix. Then, the corresponding threshold is set to improve the search efficiency while ensuring accuracy. Thirdly, the reduced-dimensional indexes are grouped to reduce the high-dimensional encryption key to multiple low-dimensional keys, further reducing the index encryption time. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed method is more feasible and more effective than the compared schemes.
Path Planning Method of Mobile Robot Using Improved Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Wang Wei , Wu Zhenkui , Luo Huafu , Zhang Bin
Published: April 2022

A mobile robot path planning method based on improved deep reinforcement learning is proposed. First, in order to conform to the actual kinematics model of the robot, the continuous environmental state space and discrete action state space are designed. In addition, an improved deep Q-network (DQN) method is proposed, which takes the directly collected information as the training samples and combines the environmental state characteristics of the robot and the target point to be reached as the input of the network. DQN method takes the Q value at the current position as the output of the network model and uses

ε

-greedy strategy for action selection. Finally, the reward function combined with the artificial potential field method is designed to optimize the state-action space. The reward function solves the problem of sparse reward in the environmental state space and makes the action selection of the robot more accurate. Experiments show that compared with the classical DQN method, the average loss function value is reduced by 36.87% and the average reward value is increased by 12.96%, which can effectively improve the working efficiency of mobile robot.
Research on Forecasting of Student Grade Based on Adaptive K-Means and Deep Neural Network
Authors: Yang Xinfen , Zhang Hao , Chen Renmei , Li Shasha , Zhang Ni , Wang Biao , Wang Xin
Published: April 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in AIEd (AI empowers education industry). In this paper, we conduct mining and prediction of influencing factors of student performance based on education data set. First, we apply data mining and analysis methods to two public educational data sets. Next, we further analyze the results through visual analysis method and try to explain the physical meaning. Then, we screened the feature data through two computing methods based on random forest algorithm. Finally, we predicted the student performance through an improved model based on K-means and Deep Neural Network (DNN). Our results show that the proposed model feature selection Adaptive-K-means-DNN obtains the best mean of squared residuals both in two student learning data sets; the results demonstrating that the feature selection processing and the employment of the adaptive K-means have enhanced the prediction performances significantly. Furthermore, we also find that mother’s education is the direct influence of the students’ final grade, the difference is there is no strong correlation between absences and the students’ final grade, but absences is still an important factor affecting the students’ final grade, and it may affect the students’ final grade through other factors; moreover, the failures also has a strong correlation between the students’ final grade, and it also is a direct influence indicator for the students’ final grade; in summary, the influence of mother’s education on students’ performance is very important. The management of students’ classroom absence will effectively improve students’ final performance. In addition, regular encouragement may be a good way for students to improve their learning performance.
Licoflavone A Suppresses Gastric Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Blocking the VEGFR-2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Hongxia Gong , Xiaojie Jin , Guangxian Leng , Min Zhang , Shiwei Niu , Wangjie Cao , Han Zhang , Yuanding Zeng , Chenghao Li , Yaling Li , Yun Su , Yongqi Liu
Published: April 2022

Objectives. Licoflavone A (LA) is a natural flavonoid compound derived from the root of Glycyrrhiza. This study investigated the antitumor effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of LA against gastric cancer (GC) in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods. A CCK8 assay was used to measure the antiproliferative activity of LA in human GC SGC-7901, MKN-45, MGC-803 cells, and human GES-1 cells. Target prediction and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were used to identify the potential molecular targets of LA. The binding pattern of LA to VEGFR-2 was analyzed by molecular docking and molecular dynamic (MD). The affinity of LA for VEGFR-2 was determined by microscale thermophoresis (MST). The protein tyrosine kinase activity of VEGFR-2 in the presence of LA was determined by an enzyme activity test. The effect of LA on the proliferation of VEGF-stimulated MKN-45 cells was measured with CCK8 assays, clone formation assays, and 3D microsphere models. Hoechst 33342 staining, FCM, MMP, and WB assays were used to investigate the ability of LA to block cell cycle and promote apoptosis of VEGF-stimulated MKN-45 cells. Transwell matrix assays were used to measure migration and invasion, and WB assays were used to measure EMT. Results. LA inhibited the proliferation of SGC-7901, MKN-45, and MGC-803 cells and VEGF-stimulated MKN-45 cells. VEGFR-2 was identified as the target of LA. LA could also block cell cycle, induce apoptosis, and inhibit migration, invasion, and EMT of VEGF-stimulated MKN-45 cells. Functional analyses further revealed that the cytotoxic effect of LA on VEGF-stimulated MKN-45 cells potentially involved the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Conclusions. This study demonstrates that LA has anti-GC potency in vitro and in vivo. LA affects the proliferation, cycle, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and EMT by targeting VEGFR-2 and blocks the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling pathways in VEGF-stimulated MKN-45 cells.
Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of Computed Tomography Imaging Classification Algorithm-Based Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization on Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Qiang , Luo Guang , Li Jian
Published: April 2022

To investigate the evaluation of therapeutic effects of computerized tomography (CT) imaging machine learning classification algorithm-based transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC), machine learning algorithm was optimized to propose the feature extraction of soft margin, analyze CT images, and acquire relevant texture features to assess if it can predict the multistage features of PHC for the application of the therapeutic effects of TACE on PHC. Besides, PHC patients receiving surgical excision were retrospectively collected, and then 483 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were determined from cases. After that, a total of 162 cases meeting the standards were selected. Besides, the features of images were classified and analyzed by machine learning algorithm, and volume of interest (VOI) images of patients in each group were acquired by image segmentation layer by layer. In addition, the texture features of images were extracted. The results showed that 5 CT image-based texture features, including 2 histogram features and 3 matrix-based features, all described the specificity and heterogeneity of tumors. The analysis of the diagnostic effectiveness of the evaluation of response group by each texture parameter demonstrated that its sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve (AUC) were 83.63%, 90.91%, and 0.08%, respectively. Based on CT prediction, machine learning algorithm was fused to realize excellent classification effects on multistage and multiphase features and offer imaging support to the clinical selection of reasonable therapeutic plans. In addition, multiphase and multifeature-based medical tumor classification method was put forward.
Review of Cyanotoxicity Studies Based on Cell Cultures
Authors: Sazdova Iliyana , Keremidarska-Markova Milena , Chichova Mariela , Uzunov Blagoy , Nikolaev Georgi , Mladenov Mitko , Schubert Rudolf , Stoyneva-Gärtner Maya , Gagov Hristo S.
Published: April 2022

Cyanotoxins (CTs) are a large and diverse group of toxins produced by the peculiar photosynthetic prokaryotes of the domain Cyanoprokaryota. Toxin-producing aquatic cyanoprokaryotes can develop in mass, causing “water blooms” or “cyanoblooms,” which may lead to environmental disaster—water poisoning, extinction of aquatic life, and even to human death. CT studies on single cells and cells in culture are an important stage of toxicological studies with increasing impact for their further use for scientific and clinical purposes, and for policies of environmental protection. The higher cost of animal use and continuous resistance to the use of animals for scientific and toxicological studies lead to a progressive increase of cell lines use. This review aims to present (1) the important results of the effects of CT on human and animal cell lines, (2) the methods and concentrations used to obtain these results, (3) the studied cell lines and their tissues of origin, and (4) the intracellular targets of CT. CTs reviewed are presented in alphabetical order as follows: aeruginosins, anatoxins, BMAA (β-N-methylamino-L-alanine), cylindrospermopsins, depsipeptides, lipopolysaccharides, lyngbyatoxins, microcystins, nodularins, cyanobacterial retinoids, and saxitoxins. The presence of all these data in a review allows in one look to advance the research on CT using cell cultures by facilitating the selection of the most appropriate methods, conditions, and cell lines for future toxicological, pharmacological, and physiological studies.
Stability Phenomena Associated with the Development of Polymer-Based Nanopesticides
Authors: Del Prado-Audelo María Luisa , Bernal-Chávez Sergio Alberto , Gutiérrez-Ruíz Stephany Celeste , Hernández-Parra Hector , Kerdan Iván García , Reyna-González Juan Manuel , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Leyva-Gómez Gerardo
Published: April 2022

Pesticides have been used in agricultural activity for decades because they represent the first defense against pathogens, harmful insects, and parasitic weeds. Conventional pesticides are commonly employed at high dosages to prevent their loss and degradation, guaranteeing effectiveness; however, this results in a large waste of resources and significant environmental pollution. In this regard, the search for biocompatible, biodegradable, and responsive materials has received greater attention in the last years to achieve the obtention of an efficient and green pesticide formulation. Nanotechnology is a useful tool to design and develop “nanopesticides” that limit pest degradation and ensure a controlled release using a lower concentration than the conventional methods. Besides different types of nanoparticles, polymeric nanocarriers represent the most promising group of nanomaterials to improve the agrochemicals’ sustainability due to polymers’ intrinsic properties. Polymeric nanoparticles are biocompatible, biodegradable, and suitable for chemical surface modification, making them attractive for pesticide delivery. This review summarizes the current use of synthetic and natural polymer-based nanopesticides, discussing their characteristics and their most common design shapes. Furthermore, we approached the instability phenomena in polymer-based nanopesticides and strategies to avoid it. Finally, we discussed the environmental risks and future challenges of polymeric nanopesticides to present a comprehensive analysis of this type of nanosystem.
Rationalization of the Laboratory Diagnosis for Good Management of Malaria: Lessons from Transitional Methods
Authors: Ngaba Neguemadji Ngardig , Khan Imteyaz A. , Hange Namrata , Lourdes Ligsay Pormento Maria kezia , Reddy Somagutta Manoj Kumar , Kumar Ajay , Abdelkerim Youssouf , Djindimadje Alarangue , Jahan Samia
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Malaria is an endemic disease in sub-Saharan Africa. In clinical practice, the main concern is the overdiagnosis of malaria leading to inappropriate drug prescription without laboratory confirmation. Objective. This study aimed to evaluate clinical examination reliability compared with translational laboratory methods of malaria diagnosis. Methods. The study was conducted in Goundi Hospital among hospitalized patients over a seven-month period. Patients were interviewed, and malaria tests done included the Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood smears. Diagnostic accuracy was analysed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. Results. Among 1,874 participants, 674 (35.96%) patients had positive Giemsa-stained thick blood films. The rate of positivity is higher for patients under 5 years of age. The parasite densities were between 160 and 84.000 parasites/μL. The threshold pyrogen of the parasitic density was around 10.000 parasites/μL for patients between 0 and 11 months of age, between 1 and 4 years of age, and between 5 and 14 years of age. This threshold was lower for patients over 15 years of age. The study reported some issues in the findings: 60.88% (607/997) cases of fever without positivity of the blood thick smear and 40.13% (284/674) cases of positivity of the thick drop without fever. The positive predictive value of malaria was between 80 and 85% for patients under 5 years of age. This value is lower for patients between 5 and 14 years of age and patients over 15 years of age. Conclusion. A presumptive diagnosis of malaria should be confirmed by the laboratory in all suspected cases in all possible scenarios. Every parasitemia should be followed by the calculation of parasitic density. However, for the children under 5 years of age in areas of high transmission, the presumptive diagnosis of malaria in certain circumstances could be considered.
Padded Dressing with Lidocaine HCL for Reducing Pain during Intravenous Cannulation in Adult Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Kartufan Fatma Ferda
Published: April 2022

Objective. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of administering lidocaine as a local anesthetic at the puncture site prior cannulation on reduction of pain during intravenous cannulation (IVC). Methods. A total of 77 patients were divided into two groups as the patients who received a local anesthetic prior IVC procedure (n = 40) and the control group (n = 37). Patients’ demographic data, including age, gender, height, weight and body mass index, IV gauge, IV site, heart rate (HR), and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded and analyzed. Patients in both groups scored the pain they felt during IVC through the visual analog scale (VAS) and the verbal descriptor scale (VDS). Results. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of the demographic features. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the cannula gauges and site of IVC. The mean post‐IVC HR value was statistically significantly higher compared to pre‐IVC in the control group (p = 0.032), while no difference was found between the mean pre‐ and postprocedure HR in the lidocaine group. The mean VAS score was significantly lower in the lidocaine group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of the current VDSs. The rate of the patients reporting mild pain was statistically significantly higher in the lidocaine group compared to the control subjects (p < 0.001). Conclusion. According to the results of this study, lidocaine HCL‐impregnated padded dressing prior IV cannulation significantly reduced pain sensation during IVC.
Application of Image Encryption Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network in the Security Analysis of Public Big Data
Authors: Geng Qiang , Yan Huifeng
Published: April 2022

To improve the security of the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the image encryption algorithm is studied. Firstly, the shortcomings of current image encryption algorithms are compared. Secondly, based on the chaotic system, the color image encryption algorithm of double chaotic cross-diffusion is built, and the encryption platform is constructed in combination with the current development of intelligent equipment. Finally, the performance of the constructed algorithm and platform is evaluated, and the correlation of adjacent pixel pairs in different color channels and different directions of image encryption is verified. The results indicate that in the designed image encryption platform, the channels of different color are encrypted in different directions, and the encryption effect is good. Compared with the evaluation platform, the practicability of the encryption algorithm is good. After the image is encrypted, the correlation between adjacent pixels is significantly reduced. The image is highly correlated with adjacent pixels in three directions in the first three channels of encryption. After the studied algorithm is encrypted, the correlation coefficient value of adjacent pixel pairs is greatly reduced, and the maximum reduction is 0.97. The information entropy of the red, green, and blue channels before encryption is lower than the information entropy of the three-color channels after encryption. The information entropy of the algorithm is closer to the optimal value of the information entropy. For the index values of Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI) and Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR), the average UACI of the algorithm is 99.62%, while the average of the UACI of the literature algorithm is 98.33%. The NPCR value of the algorithm is 33.52%, while the NPCR value of the literature algorithm is 31.23%. The encryption and decryption time of the algorithm is shorter than that of the literature algorithm. The constructed algorithm has high efficiency of encryption and decryption. It provides a reference for the enhancement of the security of image data in the WSN.
Linear Multistep Method for Advanced IDEs with Piecewise Constant Arguments
Authors: Mei Liangcai , Wu Boying , Lin Yingzhen
Published: April 2022

In this article, based on the linear multistep method, we combined the simplified reproducing kernel method (SRKM) with the optimization method to solve advanced IDEs with piecewise constant arguments. This article also discussed the convergence order and the time complexity of the method. It is proved that the approximate solutions and their derivatives obtained by this algorithm are uniformly convergent. Through two numerical examples, it is proved that the proposed algorithm is obviously better than other methods.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Discovery and Development of Anticancer and Antidiabetic Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Alqahtani Amal
Published: April 2022

Spectacular developments in molecular and cellular biology have led to important discoveries in cancer research. Despite cancer is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality globally, diabetes is one of the most leading sources of group of disorders. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been considered the fourth industrial revolution machine. The most major hurdles in drug discovery and development are the time and expenditures required to sustain the drug research pipeline. Large amounts of data can be explored and generated by AI, which can then be converted into useful knowledge. Because of this, the world’s largest drug companies have already begun to use AI in their drug development research. In the present era, AI has a huge amount of potential for the rapid discovery and development of new anticancer drugs. Clinical studies, electronic medical records, high-resolution medical imaging, and genomic assessments are just a few of the tools that could aid drug development. Large data sets are available to researchers in the pharmaceutical and medical fields, which can be analyzed by advanced AI systems. This review looked at how computational biology and AI technologies may be utilized in cancer precision drug development by combining knowledge of cancer medicines, drug resistance, and structural biology. This review also highlighted a realistic assessment of the potential for AI in understanding and managing diabetes.
Computed Tomography Images under Artificial Intelligence Algorithms on the Treatment Evaluation of Intracerebral Hemorrhage with Minimally Invasive Aspiration
Authors: Sun Junfeng , Zheng Xiaojun , Gao Qiang , Wang Xiaofeng , Qiao Yu , Li Jialong
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of minimally invasive aspiration on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and the value of artificial intelligence algorithm combined with computed tomography (CT) image evaluation. Ninety-two patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were divided into experimental group (46 cases, minimally invasive aspiration therapy) and control group (46 cases, traditional craniotomy therapy) according to different treatment methods, and CT image scanning was performed. In addition, a CT image segmentation model of intracerebral hemorrhage based on improved fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm (n-FCM) was proposed to process the CT images of the patients. The results showed that the Dice coefficient of n-FCM algorithm after the addition of salt and pepper noise was 0.89, which was higher than that of traditional algorithm; the average operation time of experimental group was

58.93
±
5.33

 min, which was significantly lower than that of control group (

90.21
±
16.24

 min) (

P
<
0.05

); the overall response rate of experimental group was 93.48%, which was significantly higher than that of control group (76.09%) (

P
<
0.05

); one month after operation, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of experimental group was

3.89
±
1.95

points, and the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) score was

10.67
±
1.76

points, which was significantly lower than that of control group (

P
<
0.05

); the incidence rate of complications in experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group (

P
<
0.05

). It showed that the n-FCM algorithm was superior to the traditional algorithm in CT image processing, with the advantages of good denoising effect and less running time. Minimally invasive aspiration treatment had the advantages of operation time, convenient operation, and less damage to patients, which was beneficial to postoperative recovery and prognosis of patients.
Adaptive Educational Hypermedia System Based on Variational Bayesian Petri Net
Authors: Li Xiaojie
Published: April 2022

The traditional teaching model fails to support the modern requirements, which seek to support the diversity of each student in terms of skills, inclinations, and educational level. The adaptive educational hypermedia systems are a learning model that is both adaptive and personalized, and it is gaining popularity (AEHSs). These tools can be used by students to present, navigate, provide feedback, and assess. However, even in these systems, internal differentiation should include a wide range of practices, personalized forms of learning process organization, and high-quality education, taking into account each students’ diverse educational needs and capabilities, interests, unique experiences, personal rhythms of integration of educational functions, and personal learning style. So, the learning style, the cognitive background, and the student’s interest are decisive factors for the structure of a next-generation learning system. To overcome the issues of the traditional learning systems, this paper proposes an AEHS based on Variational Bayesian Petri Net (VBPNet). It is an intelligent system that can, by overcoming the significant limitations of the Petri Nets, depict any complex procedure with great precision and without considerable computing power requirements. The proposed VBPNet was used as an AEHS implementation algorithm to classify students based on their skills and real educational needs.
The Construction of the Development Mode of School-Enterprise Cooperation in Higher Vocational Education with the Aid of Sensitive Neural Network
Authors: Hu Xiangbin , Tan Aidi , Gao Yan
Published: April 2022

In-depth school-enterprise cooperation can promote the transformation of higher vocational colleges’ school-running concept and talent training mode, deepen the teaching reform of higher vocational colleges, and improve the employment rate of higher vocational colleges. In the context of school-enterprise cooperation, general higher vocational schools face huge challenges and opportunities in employment guidance. Under the school-enterprise cooperation model, the internship management of students during the internship process is a joint management behavior between the school and the enterprise, which is of great significance to deepen the school-enterprise cooperation. This paper changes the traditional analysis mode of school-enterprise cooperation in higher vocational education and applies sensitive neural network to the construction of school-enterprise cooperation development model in higher vocational education. On the basis of the sensitivity of Adaline neurons, this paper further gives the definition of the sensitivity of the Madaline network structure, deduces the sensitivity calculation of the Madaline network structure without too many constraints, and constructs an intelligent model. Through experimental research, we know that the school-enterprise cooperative development model of higher vocational education based on sensitive neural network proposed in this paper has good results.
Research on Cultural Translation Based on Neural Network
Authors: Wang Junya
Published: April 2022

The translation of pragmatic meaning requires the processing of pragmatic implicit meaning, the translator’s responsibility for the readers of the target language to understand the pragmatic meaning, and the domestication and foreignization of cultural images. The way of pragmatic language equivalence is domestication translation to achieve the fluency of language expression. The creation of foreignized translation in order to foster the equitable interchange and dissemination of culture, which is precisely the aim of cultural translation, is the equivalence of the pragmatic meaning of cultural imagery. Neural network (NN) machine translation technology (MTT) simulates the human brain nervous system. Based on deep learning technology, the whole sentence is used as the basic unit of translation, which greatly improves the accuracy of machine translation. This paper selects the relevant texts of Shaanxi’s red tourism culture and uses the NN translation system to translate. It helps to improve the accuracy of the text translation of Shaanxi red tourism culture by analyzing the translation and providing a reference direction for further revision by neural translation users and promote the overseas dissemination of red culture. The part of the source language side that generates a vector representation of a dense and continuous sentence from the input corresponds to the encoder.
The Effect of Pilates Exercise Nursing Combined with Communication Standard-Reaching Theory Nursing and Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Bladder Function and Family Function of Patients after Cervical Cancer Surgery
Authors: Yu Ling , Guo YaLun , Che Ting
Published: April 2022

Objective. To explore the effect of Pilates exercise nursing combined with nursing based on the theory of communication compliance and pelvic floor muscle training on bladder function and family function of patients after cervical cancer surgery. Methods. The medical records of 96 postoperative cervical cancer patients treated in our hospital from November 2019 to May 2021 were selected as retrospective research objects and were divided into observation group and control group with 48 cases each according to the digital table method. The control group received nursing care based on the theory of communication compliance and pelvic floor muscle training, and the observation group received Pilates exercise therapy nursing on the basis of the control group. The differences in urinary retention, family intimacy and adaptability, bladder function, and family function evaluation scores were compared between the two groups. Results. After nursing, the residual urine volume, urination time, and urination interval of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, while the self-resolving urination rate and urination volume of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, which was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Before nursing, the family intimacy and adaptability scores of the two groups of patients were not statistically significant (

P
>
0.05

). After nursing, the family intimacy score, family adaptability score, and sexual function score of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group; the comparison was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). After nursing, the bladder function recovery of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group, which was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Before nursing, the comparison of family function evaluation between the two groups of patients was not statistically significant (

P
>
0.05

). After nursing, the observation group’s problem solving, communication, role, emotional response, emotional intervention, behavior control, and total functional scores were lower than those of the control group, which were statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Carrying out nursing care based on the theory of communication compliance with Pilates exercise therapy for patients after cervical cancer surgery has a good nursing effect improves the patient’s family intimacy and adaptability and patient’s urinary retention and bladder function. Moreover, Pilates exercise nursing is a postoperative treatment for cervical cancer which provides a certain reference for clinical care of patients.
Identification of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Subtype of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Maoli , Feng Ruifa , Chen Zihao , Shi Wenjie , Li Cheng , Liu Huiquan , Wu Kejin , Li Dajin , Li Xiqing
Published: April 2022

Background. There is limited knowledge about the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) in the tumor microenvironment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods. Three hundred and thirty-five TNBC samples from four datasets were retrieved and analyzed. In order to determine the CAF subtype by combining gene expression profiles, an unsupervised clustering analysis was adopted. The prognosis, enriched pathways, immune cells, immune scores, and tumor purity were compared between CAF subtypes. The genes with the highest importance were selected by bioinformatics analysis. The machine learning model was built to predict the TNBC CAF subtype by these selected genes. Results. TNBC samples were classified into two CAF subtypes (CAF+ and CAF-). The CAF- subtype of TNBC was linked to the longer overall survival and more immune cells than the CAF+ subtype. CAF- and CAF+ were enriched in immune-related pathways and extracellular matrix pathways, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis identified 9 CAF subtype-related markers (ADAMTS12, AEBP1, COL10A1, COL11A1, CXCL11, CXCR6, EDNRA, EPPK1, and WNT7B). We constructed a robust random forest model using these 9 genes, and the area under the curve (AUC) value of the model was 0.921. Conclusion. The current study identified CAF subtypes based on gene expression profiles and found that CAF subtypes have significantly different overall survival, immune cells, and immunotherapy response rates.
Synthesis of the Magnetically Nanoporous Organic Polymer Fe3O4@SiO2‐NH2‐COP and Its Application in the Determination of Sulfonamide Residues in Surface Water Surrounding a Cattle Farm
Authors: Yang Yuqin , Miao Junjie , Yin Zhendong , Hao Weili , Shi Hongmei , Ma Ling , Shi Tiesheng
Published: April 2022

Efficient extractions of trace antibiotic residues in the environment are a key factor for accurate quantification of the residues. A new nanoporous material, namely, magnetically covalent organic polymer (MCOP, Fe3O4@SiO2‐NH2‐COP) was synthesized in this work and was used for magnetic solid‐phase extraction (MSPE). The combination of MSPE with high‐performance liquid chromatography separation together with ultraviolet detection (HPLC‐UV) was established as an effective method for the determination of four sulfonamide (SA) residues in surface water surrounding a cattle farm. The synthesized magnetic material was characterized by SEM, TEM, FT‐IR, magnetic properties measurement system (MPMS), and nitrogen gas porosimetry. The material possessed many attractive features, such as a unique microporous structure, a larger specific surface area (137.93 m2·g−1) than bare Fe3O4 (24.84 m2·g−1), high saturation magnetization (50.5 emu·g−1), open adsorption sites, and high stability. The influencing parameters, including pH, the used amount of MCOPs, the type of eluent, adsorption solution, and desorption time, were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the method conferred good linearity ranges (R2 ≥ 0.9990), low detection limits (S/N = 3, LOD, 0.10–0.25 μg·L−1), and satisfactory recoveries (79.7% to 92.2%). The enrichment factor (EF) for the four SAs was 34.13–38.86. The relative standard deviations of intraday (n = 5) and of interday (n = 3) were less than 4.8% and 8.9%, respectively. The equilibria between extraction and desorption for SAs could be reached within 150 s. The proposed method was sensitive and convenient for detecting SA residues in complex environmental matrices, and the successful application of the new MCOPs as an adsorbent was demonstrated.
Text Adversarial Attacks and Defenses: Issues, Taxonomy, and Perspectives
Authors: Han Xu , Zhang Ying , Wang Wei , Wang Bin
Published: April 2022

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely used in many fields due to their powerful representation learning capabilities. However, they are exposed to serious threats caused by the increasing security issues. Adversarial examples were early discovered in computer vision (CV) field when the models were fooled by perturbing the original inputs, and they also exist in natural language processing (NLP) community. However, unlike the image, the text is discrete and semantic in nature, making the generation of adversarial attacks even more difficult. In this work, we provide a comprehensive overview of adversarial attacks and defenses in the textual domain. First, we introduce the pipeline of NLP, including the vector representations of text, DNN-based victim models, and a formal definition of adversarial attacks, which makes our review self-contained. Second, we propose a novel taxonomy for the existing adversarial attacks and defenses, which is fine-grained and closely aligned with practical applications. Finally, we summarize and discuss the major existing issues and further research directions of text adversarial attacks and defenses.
The Effect of Flowable Composite Resins on Periodontal Health, Cytokine Levels, and Immunoglobulins
Authors: Peskersoy Cem , Oguzhan Aybeniz , Gurlek Onder
Published: April 2022

Objective. This study investigated the effects of flowable resin composites (FCR) on the restoration of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) and their impact on periodontal tissues. Materials and Methods. 30 periodontally healthy patients were assigned into three groups randomly; group VF: self‐adhering FCR, group NF: fluoride‐releasing FCR, and group SF: microhybrid FCR. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG), immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM), and interleukins (IL‐1, IL‐1β, and IL‐10) in GCF were analyzed with ELISA tests. Clinical success rates were evaluated using USPHS criteria during the 12‐month follow‐up. Results. The GCF volume was increased mostly in group SF (1.34 ± 0.09 μl). While the titer of interleukin was increased in all groups, higher increases were observed in IL‐1 and IL‐1β in group NF (170.78 pg/ml and 39.35 pg/ml). Increased IL‐10 was observed in group VF (14.33 ± 0.85 pg/ml). IgA levels varied partially among all groups (p > 0.05), and even IgM levels were elevated immediately after the restoration process but returned to normal on the 28th day (p < 0.05). Group NF failed in most of the USPHS criteria, while the material group VF and group SF presented acceptable results except in the marginal adaptation criterion (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Clinical efficacy of self‐adhering FCR was found the best for restoration of NCCL while fluoride‐releasing FCR stimulated the periodontal response and had negative effects on GCF volume, cytokine, and immunoglobulin levels.
Efficacy of a Novel Bioactive Glass-Polymer Composite for Enamel Remineralization following Erosive Challenge
Authors: Fallahzadeh Farnoosh , Heidari Soolmaz , Najafi Farhood , Hajihasani Maryam , Noshiri Nooshin , Nazari Neda F.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Dental caries is the most common cause of tooth loss. However, it can be stopped by enhancing remineralization. Fluoride and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) are among the most important remineralizing agents. Recent studies have used bioactive glass as a remineralizing agent in different forms. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a composite paste (prepared by mixing urethane polypropylene glycol oligomer with bioactive glass powder for easier application). Materials and Methods. Enamel disks were cut out of the buccal surface of extracted sound third molars. The samples were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 and underwent Vickers microhardness test. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM/EDS) were performed. All samples were immersed in a demineralizing solution for 14 days. The tests were then repeated. Next, bioactive glass paste, fluoride, and CPP-ACP were applied on the surface of the samples and they were then stored in an artificial saliva for 14 days. The tests were repeated again. The microhardness values were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA followed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (P<0.05). Results. The microhardness of the bioactive glass group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). XRD revealed an enamel structure more similar to sound enamel in the bioactive glass and CPP-ACP groups compared with the fluoride group. FESEM/EDS revealed higher hydroxyapatite deposition in the bioactive glass group than in the other two groups. Conclusions. All three remineralizing agents caused remineralization, but bioactive glass paste had a greater efficacy.
Optimization of Regional Logistics Distribution Information Network Platform
Authors: Yan Honglin
Published: April 2022

In order to solve the problem of regional logistics distribution, a study on the optimization of regional logistics distribution information network platform is proposed. Firstly, in order to meet the development requirements of regional logistics and improve customer satisfaction, the regional logistics path is optimized to solve the problem of long time consumption for the optimization algorithm of regional logistics distribution path to find the optimal path. The clustering algorithm is used to divide the logistics distribution area, and the multiobjective function of logistics distribution path optimization is established, mainly including weight index, timeliness index, customer importance index, time window index, and total path index. The distribution target weight is set to find the best target path, so as to realize the optimization of regional logistics distribution path. The experimental results show that the time for the designed optimization algorithm to find the optimal path is less than 2 minutes, while the time for the traditional algorithm to find the optimal path is more than 3 minutes, up to 4.6 minutes. The comparison shows that the traditional algorithm takes more time to find the optimal path in five times than the algorithm designed this time. Therefore, the optimization method of this design takes less time to find the optimal path than the traditional method, which proves the effectiveness of the regional logistics distribution path optimization algorithm.