bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Veiled Way of Disseminating Defamatory and Offensive Information: Problems of Procedural Proof
Authors:   Kemerovo State University (Kemerovo, Russian Federation), Gulieva Natavan B. kyzy , Drapezo Roman G. ,   Kemerovo State University (Kemerovo, Russian Federation)
Published: December 2021

The classification of the studied phenomena is of great importance, because it gives such phenomena a certain structuredness, which makes it possible to characterize their features in more detail. The classification of crimes helps to differentiate them and allows their correct qualification. Classification of crimes that harm honor, dignity, and reputation is of a certain difficulty due to the legislator’s specific approach to the law protection of these intangible benefits. Such benefits are mostly protected by special rules designed, primarily, to protect other objects. Within the framework of this study, it is proposed to distinguish between the acts in the broad and narrow sense of the word. The authors suggest distinguishing the types of crimes that cause harm to honor, dignity, and reputation in terms of the objective and subjective side and on the grounds related to the victim.
Court Fine as an Alternative to Criminal Liability: Issues of Criminal Law Protection of Social Rights of Citizens
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow, Russian Federation), Yaroslavl State University named after P.G. Demidov (Yaroslavl, Russian Federation), The Rostov District Court of the Yaroslavl Region (Yaroslavl, Russian Federation), Gusev Aleksey Yu.
Published: December 2021

The institution of exemption from criminal liability with the imposition of a court fine, introduced in 2016 into the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, has become widespread in investigative and judicial practice. The relatively short period of its application shows the need to eliminate conflicts and gaps in the norms governing these criminal procedural relations. The author uses the scientific and practical approach to analyze the judicial practice of considering cases related to the exemption of the accused (suspected) from criminal liability on the specified basis and proposes ways to eliminate the identified defects of the criminal procedure law in the following way: (1) the procedure for considering a criminal case in case of non-payment of a court fine can be optimized by the legislator: if the suspect (accused) fails to pay the court fine, the latter can be replaced with compulsory work, which, within under Chapter 51.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, should be considered as a measure of a criminal law nature; (2) the possibility of imposing a court fine after re-sending a criminal case to the court after fulfilling the requirements of Art. 446.5 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation may be legally limited; (3) the assessment of compensation for damage caused by the accused (suspect) should be objective, that is, it should be determined by the court on the basis of the investigated evidence and the factual circumstances of the case, not be solely related to the subjective position of the victim about partially compensating for damage; (4) the period for consideration of this type of cases should be increased to 20 days; (5) there are a number of other defects in the norms of the institution in question.
COVID-19 Pandemic as a Catalyst for Digitalization of Russian Criminal Justice
Authors:   Bryansk State University (Bryansk, Russian Federation), Dudarev Vitaly A.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the digitalization of Russian criminal justice in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which became a serious global cataclysm in 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic has promoted the turn of the court practice to other massively available technologies, in particular to court hearings through a web conference. In the midst of the pandemic, Russia has experienced unprecedented cases of court hearings through such messengers as WhatsApp and Skype. Before the pandemic, Russian criminal justice was already using digital technologies, but it had to epand such practices during self-isolation and quarantine. The sudden pandemic has accelerated digitalization of criminal justice, becoming a kind of “point of no return” and a certain catalyst for change.
On the Concept of Electronic Evidence and the Criteria for Their Admissibility
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Zheleva Olga V.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the development of digital technologies in criminal proceedings and the process of proving in criminal cases in the era of global digitalization. Among the aspects that make this theme relevant are the dynamic development of information technologies, the conservatism and tradition of the criminal process, and the lack of proper regulation on this issue. The author aims at defining the concept of “electronic evidence”, specifying the list criteria for electronic evidence admissibility in Russian and foreign practice, and establishing the specifics of collecting evidence. The research methodology includes general and private methods of cognition: dialectical, formal-logical, comparative-legal, systemic, analysis and synthesis. The article provides an analysis of various perspectives of electronic evidence: electronic evidence is physical evidence; electronic evidence as belonging to other documents; electronic evidence as information in an electronic digital format obtained from a person, object or process and recorded on any material medium. The author adheres to the fourth position, according to which electronic evidence is an independent type of evidence, with its special form, media, mechanism of formation, and method of transformation into evidence. Providing examples of the use of electronic evidence in the Russian and foreign law enforcement practice, the author indicates their advantages and disadvantages and emphasizes that the complex storing, processing and transmitting digital information in an unchanged form determines the criteria for electronic evidence admissibility. Like other types of evidence, electronic one must meet the criteria of reliability, admissibility, and relevance. In addition, digital evidence should be subject to identification, authentication, verifiability, be complete (immutable) and reproducible. In conclusion, the author dwells on the peculiarities of collecting evidence, which should be enshrined in criminal procedural legislation: a) compliance with the general principles of collecting evidence; b) mandatory participation of a specialist; c) no actions causing a change in digital evidence before and during its collection; d) documenting all actions related to the collection, storage, access or transfer of digital evidence; e) responsibility of an official working with electronic evidence for all activities with it; e) ensuring the proper transmission or transportation of digital evidence, as well as appropriate conditions for its storage, depending on the category of information it contains.
LncRNA ADAMTS9-AS1 knockdown suppresses cell proliferation and migration in glioma via down-regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Zhou Chunhui , Zhao Hulin , Wang Shuiwei , Dong Chao , Yang Fan , Zhang Jianning
Published: December 2021

The long non‐coding RNA antisense 1 ADAMTS9-AS1 has been reported to serve as an oncogene or tumor suppressor in several tumors, including colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Nevertheless, the clinical significance and biological behaviors of ADAMTS9-AS1 in glioma still remain unclear. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the functional roles and potential mechanisms of ADAMTS9-AS1 in glioma cells. Using quantitative real-time PCR analysis, we found that ADAMTS9-AS1 was upregulated in glioma tissues and cells in comparison to corresponding controls. ADAMTS9-AS1 expression level was correlated to tumor size (p=0.005) and WHO grade (p=0.002). Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox multivariate analysis showed that ADAMTS9-AS1 could serve as an independent prognostic factor affecting the overall survival of glioma patients. Functionally, depletion of ADAMTS9-AS1 significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion in glioma cell lines (U251 and U87), as shown via CCK-8 assay, Edu corporation assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay. Furthermore, we demonstrated that knockdown of ADAMTS9-AS1 suppressed Wnt1, β-catenin, c-myc and PCNA, while upregulating E-cadherin expression. In conclusion, our data revealed that ADAMTS9-AS1 confers oncogenic function in the progression of glioma, thus targeting ADAMTS9-AS1 might be a promising therapeutic strategy for this disease.
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on the Company’s Financial Performance
Authors: Potapova Anastasiya , Wang Zhen , Steblyanskaya Alina
Published: December 2021

This article empirically evaluates the impact of CSR behaviour on the financial indicators of 286 companies from Brazil, Russia, India, and China over six years from 2013 to 2018. Company information and CSR ratings were retrieved from the Bloomberg and RobetaSAM databases, and hypotheses were proposed based on a literature review. We constructedvarious analytical models that differ in dependent variables to better evaluate of distinct CSR metrics through different regression methods. Analyzed factors include: (1) the presence of women on the board; (2) the presence of a company in CSR ratings, and (3) various cultural aspects of the society where companies operate.

Our results support the conclusions of related research in this field of study. Among other consequences, our analysis indicates that CSR significantly influences financial performance, although this is also contingent on external factors. A company’s presence in the CSR rating scale has a more substantial impact on profitability and market capitalization indicatorsthan the actual score itself. CSR information disclosure has some effect on ROA and ROE, and the presence of women in the board of Directors showed a slight positive effect on market capitalization. Further, a high level of ‘power distance’ (i.e. the ostensible alienation of the general citizenry from political authority sources) in the society where company operatesharms the relationship between the rating score and financial performance.
ESG-risk Factors and Value Multiplier of Telecommunications Companies
Authors: Khorin Alexander , Krikunov Arseniy
Published: December 2021

The paper is devoted to the study of the impact of environmental, social responsibility and corporate governance (ESG) risk factors on the value of telecommunications industry enterprises expressed through the EV_EBITDA multiplier. The main goal was to assess the elimination of ESG risks from the standpoint of increasing the competitiveness of the company. The methodological basis of the study was the coordination of non-financial information of companies with their financial results. The paper implements the construction of a regression model within the framework of econometric modeling, the direction of which was proposed by A. Damodaran. The authors did not limit themselves to corporate information from one country, but identified five regions, such as the USA, the European Union, the UK, the rest of the developed countries (DEV), as well as the markets of developing countries (EM). The database was compiled on the basis of non-financial business activity parameters of 57 of the world's largest telecommunications companies as of 2021, where financial information is taken from the Bloomberg database, and the ESG risk coefficient of the rating of these companies is used from the Sustainalytics research center. The result of the study was that there is a stable relationship between the risk of the ESG rating and the EV/EBITDA parameter characterizing the cost of capital – that is, the lower the risk, the greater the cost of capital. For different country groups, the result was obtained with varying degrees of confidence: for "other developed countries" with a high 5% significance level, for European countries with a 10% level, for the USA, the insignificance of the coefficient is associated with a small sample size, and for developing country markets the coefficient is insignificant. The novelty of the results obtained lies in the use of a metric approach to confirm the stable dependence of ESG risk factors on the EV/EBITDA cost multiplier. The results obtained allow us to make a generalized conclusion that the elimination of ESG risks contributes to the growth of the company's competitiveness, where the results of the study are able to encourage companies to consider the disclosure of non-financial information as an important indicator of long-term sustainability. When ESG is considered as an integral factor in the future activity of the company, the end result is its higher evaluation by stakeholders.
Approaches to Building Default Probability Models for Financial Instruments of Project Financing at Long Time Horizons
Authors: Vasilieva Alfia
Published: December 2021

Project financing is one of the priority tools for stimulating the country's economic growth around the world, which allows the implementation of large-scale and capital-intensive projects, providing favorable credit conditions with insufficient creditworthiness of the project beneficiaries [1].

As a rule, project financing instruments are long-term (10-30 years, depending on the type of transaction), so this asset class is interesting for the implementation of the task of building long-term models for assessing credit risk associated with the introduction in 2018 of the new international financial reporting standard IFRS 9 "Financial Instruments".

The new standard requires financial institutions to calculate their expected credit loss (ECL) at the time of granting loans and other banking products exposed to credit risk [2], taking into account different time horizons, which significantly changes the traditional approaches to assessing credit risk by commercial banks [3], [4].

As part of this work, a model was built to assess the long-term probability of default for the portfolio of assets of a Russian commercial bank belonging to the project finance segment in accordance with the requirements of the International Financial Reporting standard IFRS 9 "Financial Instruments". At present, the topic of this work is extremely relevant and may be of interest both for commercial banks that are faced with the problem of improving credit risk assessment models
[RETRACTED] Scam Warning 2022!! Best Health Keto UK Reviews – Fake Reviews, Side Effects and Does Best Health Keto UK Reviews Work or Fake? Read This Before Buy v1
Authors: not provided silpikumaridelhi
Published: December 2021

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Health
Determination of Prospective Science Teachers' Level of Knowledge about Thermodynamics and Their Reasoning with Daily Life Examples
Authors: Ültay Eser , Durukan Ümmü Gülsüm , Ültay Neslihan
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between environmental problems and thermodynamics of prospective science teachers. The study was conducted with the case study method. The sample consists of 74 senior prospective science teachers studying in Science Teaching Department in the faculty of education of a state university in Turkey in spring semester of 2018-2019 academic year. The first part of the data collection tool consisted of four open-ended questions and it was the form in which the prospective science teachers were asked to explain the laws of thermodynamics. In the second part of the data collection tool, there were eleven open-ended questions which were expected to be explained by the laws of thermodynamics of the given environmental problems. As a result of the study, prospective science teachers were found to have difficulty applying any laws of thermodynamics to a daily event or environmental problem.
Managing A Discursive Journey for Classroom Inquiry: Examination of a Teacher’s Discursive Moves
Authors: Soysal Yi̇lmaz
Published: December 2021

This study presents an analysis of teacher discursive moves (TDMs) that aid students in altering their thinking and talking systems. The participants were a science who handled the immersion inquiry activities. The primary data source was the video recorded in the classroom. This video-based data was analyzed through systematic observation in two phases comprising coding and counting to reveal the mechanics of the discursive journey. Three assertions were made for the dynamics of the discursive journey. First, the teacher enacted a wide range of TDMs incorporating dialogically/monologically oriented, simplified (observe-compare-predict), and rather sophisticated moves (challenging). The challenging moves were the most featured among all analytical TDMs. Second, once higher-order categories were composed by collapsing subcategories of the displayed TDMs, the communicating-framing moves were the most prominent performed moves. Lastly, the teacher created an argumentative atmosphere in which the students had the right to evaluate and judge their classmates and teacher's utterances that modified the epistemic and social authority of the discursive journey. Finally, educational recommendations are offered in the context of teachers noticing the mechanics and dynamics of the discourse journey.
PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE DELIVERY AND DETENTION
Authors: Bashlikovs Maksims
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this work is to study the problems of legal regulation of administrative delivery and detention in Russian administrative law and the study of possible ways to solve them. This problem is due to the fact that the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. The delivery time is not specified as a measure to secure proceedings on cases of administrative offenses, which is a flaw in administrative legislation and may violate the rights and freedoms of a person and citizen. And the law does not establish the duration of a person’s time in office space and his waiting for the start of legal proceedings which is a serious legislative gap. The novelty of this work lies in the formulation by Autor’s of modern and effective proposals for the revision of individual issues related to measures of administrative proceedings and the reality of solving these problems. The Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation must be modified accordingly in order to clearly regulate or establish specific time limits for the delivery in police office and the time to wait for the commencement of proceedings. In this paper, the above problems and progressive solutions are discussed in detail.
THE COMPOSITION OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENCE AND THE PROBLEMS OF ITS QUALIFICATIONS
Authors: Zikina Jelena
Published: December 2021

The administrative-legal science pays a great attention to the study of administrative offences’ qualification. When analyzing any part of an administrative offence, the issues of qualification always take the lead. This paper focuses on the most controversial and at the same time practically important issues. The composition of an administrative offence is a legal basis for the qualification of an administrative offence in accordance with a specific article of the law establishing administrative responsibility.The structure of an administrative offence is a combination of four elements: the object, the objective side, the subjective side and the subject, the presence of which is necessary and sufficient for the recognition of a socially harmful act as an administrative offence. These elements are called necessary because they must be present in any case when deciding whether to bring to administrative responsibility. In the absence of at least one of these elements, a person cannot be held administratively liable.In this paper, the composition of an administrative offence is considered as the basis for the qualification of administrative offences. In connection with the mentioned above, the problems’ study of administrative offences’ qualification, necessitates the further theoretical study of issues related to its concept, purpose, and implementation.
CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR TERRORISM
Authors: Else Angelina
Published: December 2021

Acts of terrorism often result in fatalities, but the impact of terrorism is not limited to loss of lives. Terrorism acts can disturb or suspend the peace process; they cause, lengthen, or deepen conflicts and escalate violence. In addition, terrorism has an effect on the economy of the state, given that combatting of terrorism requires significant temporal and financial resources.The threat posed by international terrorism not only constitutes one of the biggest challenges that the world and Europe in particular is currently facing, but also affects the security and economic interests of the Latvian nationals. In addition, terrorism-related crimes threaten the security of not only separate states, but that of the entire international community as well.In the view of the author, the relevance of the topic is illustrated by the fact that 23 May 2018, saw the Criminal Act of Latvia being complemented by a new (IX1) section on “Crimes Related to Terrorism”, thereby underscoring the preparedness of Latvia to adjust its legislative framework in order to avert possible threats of terrorism. The new version of the law sees terrorism, financing of terrorism, invitation to terrorism and terrorism threats, recruitment and training of persons for terrorism, travelling for terrorism purposes, and justification of terrorism classified as criminal offences.Author has chosen the topic of terrorism with the aim of exploring the definition of terrorism and its depiction in international and Latvian law, as well as analysing the criminal liability for terrorism prescribed by the Latvian law and determining the issues associated with the classification of terrorism.The paper consists of introduction, three chapters, and conclusion. In the first chapter, the definition of terrorism is considered. The second chapter is devoted to the analysis of criminal liability for terrorism under the Latvian law, and the third chapter – to the issues associated with the classification of terrorism. Finally, conclusions with respect to the threats posed by terrorism to the European Union and Latvia are drawn.
THE PROHIBITION OF TORTURE, CRUEL OR DEGRADING TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT IN CLOSED INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Girfanova Jelena
Published: December 2021

In the paper “The prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment in closed Institutions” the author has examined the obxervasnce of  persons’  in detention,  custody or imprisonment human rights in the European regional acts and national instruments as well as the provision of health care for detainees and convicted persons alike.All basic human rights’ documents, namely: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the United Nations and the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms state that “no one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, degrading his or her human dignity”.  All persons who have been punished, regardless of the crimes for which they were convicted, have the right to humane treatment and respect for their personality. No actions of people, whatever they may be, justify the inhuman treatment of them or the humiliation of their personality.
LAW AS A VALUE, VALUES IN LAW (PART TWO)
Authors: Baikovs Aleksandrs
Published: December 2021

The paper deals with the category of "values", the Rights as a value, and fundamental values of law; including freedom, justice, and equality have been analyzed.The relevance of the research is determined not only by the apparent lack of exploration of the problem but also by the fact that the value of rights and legal values determine direction and meaning, as well as the content of the rules of law, which is their normative expression, and, ultimately, appearing as a kind of basis for the legal culture, the source of the formation of the legal consciousness and establishing legal order, ensuring the efficiency of legal regulation due to the using the embodiment in reality of freedom, justice, equality.Legal norms themselves acquire the importance of values and become the subject of evaluation. Among values themselves, which act as an ideal justification of law rules, the law rules themselves and assessments, on the one hand, there are not only close ties but also mutual transitions. Therefore, both their interrelated explanations and differentiation are necessary.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF A CRIMINAL OFFENCE – PERSECUTION
Authors: Kipāne Aldona
Published: December 2021

From January 1, 2018, amendments to the Criminal Law, which provide criminal liability for the persecution of a person, came into force in Latvia. The constituent elements of persecution are defined as a specific form of violence.The aim of the paper is to describe the constituent elements of persecution based on the theory and practice of criminal law. During the study, the author provides a framework of the criminal law theory and outlines the elements of the persecution. The object of the study is the criminal relations, which arise from the persecution of another person. The subject of the study is the criminal legal framework to be followed for the determination of criminal liability. The following legal interpretation methods and approaches have been used in the study: grammatical, systematic, teleological, and historical, as well as analytical method for analysing doctrine and practice of criminal law. Doctrines of criminal law, national legislation, and the sources of legal literature relevant to the aim of the paper have been in the study, too.The analysis carried out leads to the conclusion that persecution covers a wide range of socio-psychological behaviour that manifests in the sacrifice’s victimization and specific harm caused to him/her. Persecution is an active illegal, threatening activity in the form of repeated or lasting tracking, surveillance of another person, expressing threats or unsolicited communication with such a person, if victim have had reasonable grounds to fear for their safety or the safety of their relatives
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF A COMPLIANCE OFFICER IN THE ACTIVITIES OF A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION IN ORDER TO PREVENT THE LEGALIZATION (LAUNDERING) OF CRIMINALLY ACQUIRED FUNDS AND THE FINANCING OF TERRORISM
Authors: Kalinina Suzanna
Published: December 2021

The relevance of the topic is confirmed by the changes taking place in the financial monitoring system: the complication of procedures aimed at countering money laundering and financing of terrorism, the creation of specialized international and European requirements and the changes of requirements for compliance specialists. Financial institutions more often face the incompetence the incompetence of these employees and their negligence. The author analysed anti money laundering and counter financing of terrorism legal acts, as well as revealed the main recommendations to financial institutions for preventing money laundering and terrorism financing. Based on scientific research, the main risk factors for using financial institutions for money laundering were identified. Based on these risks factors, the author identified the role and importance of a compliance officer in order to prevent the legalization (laundering) of criminally acquired funds and the financing of terrorism.
LEGAL STATUS OF THE DIGITAL PROFILE OF THE SUBJECTS OF CIVIL LEGAL RELATIONS
Authors: Rozhkova Anna , Andreyanova Inna
Published: December 2021

The aim of the work is a legal risk assessment to identify subjects of civil relations in order to implement commercial transactions safely using a digital profile. The paper attempts to assess the digital transformation of civil relations and the implementation of legal regulators for the protection and security of the subjects’ digital profile of. The aspects of “digital profile’s” definition interpretation as well the legal status separate signs for citizens and business entities of the notification procedure, differentiation of both rights to dispose and to use are reflected. The law enforcement practice of civil transactions in the course of digital resources’ turnover, as well as the attraction and imposition of administrative penalties are proposed, and a number of conflicts is identified due to the latency of illegal actions, the lack of digital competent human rights bodies and digital investigative tools.
HONOUR OF THE SOLDIER
Authors: Golta Iveta
Published: December 2021

In the Republic of Latvia, a soldier performs public service in the field of national defence and his/her legal status is a right guaranteed by the state, statutory duties, restrictions, and disciplinary liability, which are currently regulated by military law, administrative law and administrative procedure law. In addition to the regulation of special and general legal norms, a soldier also has important and binding moral values, because in Latvia "honour" is a characteristic of a soldier, which is inextricably linked to the soldier's profession both historically and of military service. Within the framework of the paper, the author has studied the concepts, essence, genesis and development of such values of a soldier as "honour" and "dignity", from the historical and modern point of view, both in civil life and military science. The author has also clarified their role in the legal status of a soldier and concluded that the existing legal status of a soldier should be elaborated and can be defined as a right guaranteed nowadays. Although not explicitly defined, it should be included in the legal status of a soldier as a military ethical requirement for his dignity and trust, integrity and duty in the performance by the state, statutory duties and restrictions, disciplinary liability and honor as a military ethical requirement.
Defect type identification of thin-walled stainless steel seamless pipe based on eddy current testing
Authors: Xu Da-Chuan , Hou Huai-Shu , Liu Cai-Xia , Jiao Chao-Fei
Published: December 2021

Aimed at eddy current detection of defects in thin-walled stainless steel seamless pipes, an effective detection method for identifying defect types is proposed. First, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method is used to process the collected eddy current signals and obtain the
principal intrinsic mode function (IMF) components of different defects. The Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) is used to extract the frequency-domain features of the principal IMF components, which are combined with the time-domain features to form an effective defect feature vector. Then, principal
component analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the dimensions of the defect feature vector and the redundant information is removed to obtain the principal component vector of the defect. Finally, two radial basis function (RBF) neural networks are used to identify and classify the defect types
and three error evaluation indicators are selected to evaluate the performance of the classification network models.
A novel detection of weld defects by magneto-optical imaging under combined magnetic field
Authors: Ma Nvjie , Gao Xiangdong , Wang Congyi , Zhang Yanxi
Published: December 2021

To overcome the shortcomings of existing magneto-optical imaging, such as the saturation of an image under a constant magnetic field and the ambiguity of an image under an alternating magnetic field, imaging using a combined magnetic field is presented in this research. Weld defect
samples include a laser-cut groove, a wire-cut penetrating groove, a pit and a Z-shaped crack. Magneto-optical imaging experiments were carried out under different magnetic fields. Contour extraction and standard deviation calculations were carried out for all magneto-optical images and the
maximum standard deviation of the laser-cut groove under an alternating magnetic field was 20.9, which was less than the maximum value of 37.4 under a combined magnetic field. The experimental results show that the contrast of a magneto-optical image obtained under the combined magnetic field
is greater than that obtained under the alternating magnetic field for all defects. The proposed combined magnetic field could optimise the magneto-optical imaging effect for weld defects under the existing excitation method to a certain extent.
Coded excitation for low-power guided ultrasonic wave inspection in safety-critical industries: case studies
Authors: Jayakrishnan S , Suresh N , Koodalil D , Balasubramaniam K
Published: December 2021

High-power ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation (NDE) poses significant threats to intrinsic safety. It may lead to hazards in critical industrial applications, especially in oil & gas refineries, high-energy material technologies and the aerospace and aviation industries. Typically,
industries employ various certifications and undertake several safety protocols to suppress the likelihood of industrial hazards. In order to satisfy safety standards for operating high-power equipment close to potential explosives and inflammable substances, industries direct large sums of
investment into making these inspection systems intrinsically safe by designing complex structures and devising procedures to isolate such equipment from the system or process entirely. However, the uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of such protective measures results in a persisting
difficulty in obtaining plant safety certifications and approvals. In this paper, the application of a coded excitation method to make inspection systems intrinsically safe and easily certifiable is explored. Using a pulse compression-based signal processing technique called coded excitation,
it has been made possible to achieve non-contact transduction (electromagnetic acoustic transduction and air-coupled transduction) in transmitreceive mode with excitation as low as 0.5 Vpp (peak-to-peak supply voltage). This work reports on the application of coded excitation in
bringing down the transduction power requirements for guided ultrasonic wave inspection, thereby making it possible to formulate new inspection applications at very low power, particularly in safety-critical industries.
Material characterisation by enhanced resolution in non-stationary thermal wave imaging
Authors: Vesala G T , Ghali V S , Subhani S , Prasanthi Y Naga
Published: December 2021

In the recent past, quadratic frequency-modulated thermal wave imaging (QFMTWI) has been advanced with a chirp z-transform (CZT)-based processing approach to facilitate enhanced subsurface anomaly detection, depth quantification and material property estimation with enhanced depth resolution.
In the present study, the applicability of CZT-based phase analysis for foreign object defect detection in a structural steel sample using QFMTWI is validated through finite element-based numerical modelling rather than experimental verification due to limited available resources. Furthermore,
the enhanced defect detection capability of the CZT phase approach is qualitatively compared with the frequency- and time-domain phase approaches using the defect signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as a quality metric. Also, an empirical relationship between the observed phases and the thermal reflection
coefficient is obtained, which recommends the CZT phase as a prominent approach for foreign material defect detection.
Experimental three-point bending test of glass fibre aluminium honeycomb sandwich panel with acoustic emission damage assessment
Authors: Abdulaziz A H , McCrory J , Holford K , Elsabbagh A , Hedaya M
Published: December 2021

Due to their complexity, detecting and analysing damage modes in composite honeycomb sandwich panels can be difficult. This article describes the way in which a three-point bending test (3PBT) was performed on a glass fibre aluminium honeycomb sandwich panel (HSP). Acoustic emission
(AE) was used to identify damage signals, which were then analysed to determine the positions and characteristics of defects. To locate damage positions, Delta-T mapping was used. The test load was progressively applied in three phases, with the specimen being inspected visually during each
phase. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the most significant damage was local crushing under the test load, which caused matrix cracking, fibre breakage and pull-out. Damage progression and the damage mode were detected using the cumulative energy and frequency spectra of the
AE sources for each phase. Matrix cracking frequencies ranged from 30 kHz to 100 kHz, while fibre damage modes ranged from 157 kHz to 322 kHz. The findings highlighted the utility of Delta-T mapping in locating damage positions on sandwich structures under testing. The investigation also emphasised
the value of studying frequency spectra and cumulative energy when analysing AE signals.
COVİD-19 SALGIN SÜRECİNDE DİN DERSİ ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN ÖLÇME VE DEĞERLENDİRME FAALİYETLERİNE İLİŞKİN YETERLİK ALGILARI
Authors: BALTACI Ali , ÖZKAN Fatih
Published: December 2021

Covid-19 sürecinde eğitimde yapılan önemli tartışmalardan birisi, öğrencilerin öğrendiklerinin nasıl değerlendirileceği konusudur. Ölçme ve değerlendirme yeterlikleri, öğretmenlerin eğitim süreçlerinde yaptıkları çalışmaların sonuçlarını görmeleri ve öğrencilerdeki davranış değişimlerini belirlemeleri açısından önemlidir. Din eğitimi içerisinde çeşitli şekillerde yapılan ölçme ve değerlendirme faaliyetlerine yönelik öğretmenlerin mevcut algı ve yeterlik düzeyinde Covid-19 süreciyle birlikte beliren eksiklikler, bu çalışmanın yürütülmesinin ana gerekçisidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmen mesleki yeterlik alanlarından biri olan ölçme ve değerlendirme alanına yönelik olarak din dersi öğretmenlerinin yeterlik algılarının belirlenmesidir. İlişkisel tarama modelinde tasarlanan çalışma, tabakalı örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen ve Ankara ilinde görev yapan 382 din dersi öğretmeni üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Veriler, Karaca’nın geliştirdiği “Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Yeterlik Algısı Ölçeği” sayesinde toplanmış ve SPSS programı kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğretmenler genel olarak ölçme ve değerlendirme etkinlikleri hususunda kendilerini ‘kısmen yeterli’ seviyede algılamaktadırlar. Öğretmenlerin ölçme ve değerlendirme faaliyetlerine ilişkin yeterlik algıları; cinsiyet, mesleki kıdem, öğrenim düzeyi ve mezun olunan bölüm açısından anlamlı farklılık göstermektedir. Erkek, DKAB veya İDKABÖ Programı mezunları, lisansüstü eğitim mezunları ve mesleki kıdemi 5 yıl ve altında olan din dersi öğretmenleri, ölçme ve değerlendirme etkinliklerinde kendilerini daha yeterli görmektedir. Din dersi öğretmenlerinin yeterliklerine ilişkin tartışmalara yön verecek nitelikte veri sunma amacındaki bu çalışmanın literatürdeki önemli bir eksikliği gidereceği, yeni çalışma alanları oluşturacağı ve salgın sonrası süreçte din dersi öğretmenlerinin yeterliklerinin geliştirilmesine yönelik politika ve uygulamaları etkileyeceği umulmaktadır.
Internet Addiction and COVID-19
Authors: Karami Mahtab
Published: December 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Medical Students Viewpoints towards Development of Telemedicine Methods at Army University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Mehrabi Nahid , Kalroozi Fatemeh , Kazemi-Galougahi Mohammad Hassan , Kazemi Erfan , Gholamhosseni Leila , Sadeghi Mojtaba
Published: December 2021

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the viewpoints of medical students towards the development of telemedicine methods at the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran (AJA) University of Medical Sciences.
Method: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study, which lasted 4 months, was performed on 117 medical students of AJA University of Medical Sciences in 2021. In doing so, a Stratified sampling method and researcher-made questionnaire were used to collect data. Thus, the inclusion criterion was being a medicine student and the exclusion criterion was the incomplete completion of the questionnaire.
Results: Students showed the most positive view (90.6%) regarding organizational factors to having a codified program in telemedicine development, and the most positive view towards high-speed Internet access (92.3%) concerning technology factors.  In addition, as far as the stakeholders were concerned, they had the most positive view (70.1%) on community support for telemedicine development. As for information literacy, 88.9% emphasized computer and Internet skills. Also, 83.8% had the most positive view on raising awareness for telemedicine development regarding environmental factors.
Conclusion: To sum up, the students had the most positive attitudes towards comprehensive telemedicine development plan, high-speed Internet access, and community support for telemedicine development, computer skills, Internet, and awareness. Hence, it is recommended to enhance these factors to help the development and implementation of telemedicine in medical education.
Designing and Evaluating an Educational Website for Osteoarthritis
Authors: Shahmoradi Leila , Nilashi Mehrbakhsh , Ahmadi Sana , Rezayi Sorayya
Published: December 2021

Aim: Using educational websites can be effective in enhancing the health-related knowledge of patients suffering from osteoarthritis. This study aimed to design and evaluate an educational website to improve the awareness of patients with osteoarthritis.
Method: This is a descriptive-applied study. Having reviewed valid scientific articles retrieved from Medline (through PubMed), Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, the contents required for the website were identified and classified. Then, the scientific content extracted from the articles was evaluated by general physicians and Ph.D. of physical medicine and rehabilitation. Different sections of the website were designed by "Google sites," and the content was published. In the last stage of the research, the osteoarthritis educational website was evaluated by students of medicine and health information technology in terms of technical performance by a standard questionnaire.
Results: In this study, an educational website was designed to educate patients with osteoarthritis. Users can log in to the website and learn about symptoms, consequences, predisposing factors, pain relief exercises, nutritional information, and self-care programs. The content provided on the website includes three main sections of general disease information, clinical information, and disease self-care information, which physicians evaluated in the first phase. According to the content evaluation results extracted from the studies and the questionnaire's analysis, the designed website had a good quality. The average scores of the questions related to website usability, screen capabilities, terminology and information, learning ability, and overall website capability were 7.79, 8.15, 8.4, 8.08, and 8.03, respectively, which were at a "good" level.
Conclusion: At the end of this research, an educational website for osteoarthritis was created. Patients can access the site via the link and receive educational information about symptoms, consequences, predisposing factors, exercises to reduce pain, self-care, and nutritional information.
Design and Evaluation of an Electronic Educational Multimedia Package for Patients with Pyelonephritis
Authors: Shahmoradi Leila , Ahmadi Hossein , Farzi Jebraeil , Rezayi Sorayya , Biglari Mahsa
Published: December 2021

Aim: Pyelonephritis is a subset of urinary tract infections that occurs by the ascent of bacteria from the lower urinary tract to the upper tract, such as kidneys. The purpose of this study is to create an introductory multimedia educational package for pyelonephritis.
Method: The required information was retrieved from Medline (through PubMed), Web of sciences, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases by searching "Educational package" or "Training package" and "Pyelonephritis" keywords. In the next step, AutoPlay Media Studio software was selected to build an electronic educational multimedia package, considering the features of different Autoruns. In the usability evaluation stage, the isometric questionnaire 9241 part 10 was used. Four kidney and urinary tract specialists and eight experts in health information technology gave their views to us by completing the stated questionnaire. The results collected from the questionnaires were entered into SPSS-23 software for analysis using descriptive statistics.
Results: The content of the educational multimedia package, i.e., the definition of pyelonephritis, types of pyelonephritis, the causes of pyelonephritis, the underlying factors, clinical signs and symptoms, and methods of diagnosis and treatment are presented on different pages of the electronic package, respectively. The results of this usability evaluation showed that the items; "after not using the system for a long time, it is easy for the user to re-learn how to use the system" and "the user can use the system properly without asking his/her colleagues for help" had the lowest mean value (4.2) and the item; "explanations provided help the user to use the system more skillfully" had the highest mean value (4.9).
Conclusion: The use of educational multimedia packages by patients can improve awareness and affect public health. Our educational multimedia package is superior to traditional training due to easy access and not being limited to a specific time and place, increasing the quality of learning and awareness.
Assessing the Willingness of School Students to Choose the Field of Health Information Technology
Authors: ShojaeiBaghini Mahdie , ShojaeiBaghini Sedighe
Published: December 2021

Aim: The study aimed to, first, provide the students with some information about the field of Health Information Technology (HIT) and its professional status and, second, to investigate the university applicants' willingness to choose this field.
Method:  The present study is a quasi-experimental study on two groups of subjects, i.e. a control group and a test group. This study was conducted on the high school students in twelfth grade. The sample size in each group contained 116 subjects, who were randomly selected and placed in one of the groups. The data collection tool in this study was a questionnaire prepared based on the previous literature. SPSS version 26, descriptive and analytical statistics were used to analyze the data.
Results: The participants' familiarity with the field of health information technology was 11%, 5.7% of whom had obtained only a little information about the field through mass media and social networks. Comparing the willingness of the two groups of participants to choose the field of information technology, showed a statistically significant difference, with 99% probability.
Conclusion: The importance of informed decision-making and interest regarding the university major has been shown because it is very effective in teaching specialized human resources, especially in health care education. In this regard, the education and familiarity of high school students with academic fields can be useful. It is necessary to introduce the field of HIT and the scientific and practical capabilities of its graduates to the community.