bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In situ Investigation during Low Pressure Carburizing by Means of Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction*
Authors: Tapar O. B. , Steinbacher M. , Gibmeier J. , Schell N. , Epp J.
Published: December 2021

In situ X-ray diffraction investigations during low pressure carburizing (LPC) processes were performed with a specially developed process chamber at the German Electron Synchrotron Facility (DESY) in Hamburg, Germany. Carbon saturation in austenite was reached in less than 20 seconds for all processes with different parameters and carbides formed at the surface. Therefore, the direct contribution of carbon donor gas to the carbon profile after 20 seconds was reduced to very low levels. After that point, further supply of carbon donor gas increased the amount of carbides formed at the surface, which will contribute to the carbon profile indirectly by dissolution in the following diffusion steps. During quenching, martensite at higher temperatures had a lower c/a ratio than later formed ones. This difference is credited to self-tempering effects and reordering of carbon atoms within the martensite lattice.
An application research for near-surface repository of strontium-90 sorption kinetic model on mudrocks
Authors: Shi Y. , Chen W. , Lin H. , Gao Z. , Yang B. , Yang K. , Chen D. , Wang Z. , Fan Q. , Hua R. , Liu H. , Zhang A.
Published: December 2021

In this study,90Sr was used as the test radionuclide to characterize the sorption kinetics and effects of initial 90Sr activity and remaining 90Sr in solid concentration were simulated for a near-surface repository. The study focused on the sorption characteristics of radionuclides in unsaturated groundwater environment (or vadose zone) is the important information for investigating the near-surface disposal of intermediate and low-level radioactive waste (ILLW). Moreover, the 90Sr sorption experiments reached equilibrium within 56 h, which fit to the first order sorption kinetic model, and the remaining 90Sr in mudrock samples showed obvious sorption equilibrium hysteresis, which fit to the second order sorption kinetic model. Before reaching the maximum sorption capacity, the sorption rate constant increases with 90Sr increasing; the distribution coefficient (Kd) of 56 h decreases with the remaining 90Sr decreasing. In addition, it showed that the slow sorption process dominated before the sorption reaches equilibrium. In fact, a reliable safety assessment methodology for on-going near-surface repository required a lot of the radionuclides parameters with local environment including the radionuclides sorption/desorption rate constant and maximum sorption capacity.
pH-responsive cisplatin-loaded niosomes: synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity study and interaction analyses by simulation methodology
Authors: Sargazi Saman , Hosseinikhah Seyedeh Maryam , Zargari Farshid , Chauhana Narendra Pal Singh , Hassanisaadi Mohadeseh , Amani Soheil
Published: December 2021

Cisplatin (Cis) is an effective cytotoxic agent, but its administration has been challenged by kidney problems, reduced immunity system, chronic neurotoxicity, and hemorrhage. To address these issues, pH-responsive non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) by Span 60 and Tween 60 derivatized by cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHEMS), a pH-responsive agent, and Ergosterol (helper lipid), were developed for the first time to deliver Cis. The drug was encapsulated in the niosomes with a high encapsulation efficiency of 89%. This system provided a responsive release of Cis in pH 5.4 and 7.4, thereby improving its targeted anticancer drug delivery. The noisome bilayer model was studied by molecular dynamic simulation containing Tween 60, Span 60, Ergosterol, and Cis molecules to understand the interactions between the loaded drug and noisome constituents. We found that the platinum and chlorine atoms in Cis are critical factors in distributing the drug between water and bilayer surface. Finally, the lethal effect of niosomal Cis was investigated on the MCF7 breast cancer cell line using 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results from morphology monitoring and cytotoxic assessments suggested a better cell-killing effect for niosomal Cis than standard Cis. Together, the synthesis of stimuli-responsive niosomes could represent a promising delivery strategy for anticancer drugs.
A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
Authors: Zeng Hongxin , Gong Sen , Wang Lan , Zhou Tianchi , Zhang Yaxin , Lan Feng , Cong Xuan , Wang Luyang , Song Tianyang , Zhao YunCheng , Yang Ziqiang , Mittleman Daniel M.
Published: December 2021

In the past ten years, terahertz technology has developed rapidly in wireless communications, spectroscopy, and imaging. Various functional devices have been developed, such as filters, absorbers, polarizers, mixers, and modulators. Among these, the terahertz phase modulation is a current research hotspot. It is the core technology to realize flexible control of the terahertz wavefront, beam scanning, focusing deflection. It is indispensable in terahertz wireless communication, high-resolution imaging, and radar systems. This review summarizes the research progress of terahertz phase modulators from the two major types: free space and guided wave integration. Among these, the free space terahertz phase modulator is realized by combining the tunable materials and artificial metasurfaces. Based on different types of tunable materials, the terahertz free space phase modulator combining the semiconductor, liquid crystal, phase change materials, graphene, and other two-dimensional materials are introduced, and the influence of different materials on the phase modulation performance is discussed and analyzed. The monolithic integration and waveguide embedding methods are introduced separately, and the characteristics of different forms of terahertz-guided wave phase modulation are also discussed. Finally, the development trends of terahertz phase modulators, possible new methods, and future application requirements are discussed.
Brain–body communication in stroke
Authors: Winek Katarzyna , Cuervo Zanatta Daniel , Zille Marietta
Published: December 2021

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide with limited therapeutic options available for selected groups of patients. The susceptibility to stroke depends also on systemic parameters, and some stroke risk factors are modifiable, such as atrial fibrillation (AF) or hypertension. When considering new treatment strategies, it is important to remember that the consequences of stroke are not limited to the central nervous system (CNS) injury, but reach beyond the boundaries of the brain. We provide here a brief overview of the mechanisms of how the brain communicates with the body, focusing on the heart, immune system, and gut microbiota (GM).
What the eye tells the brain: retinal feature extraction
Authors: Szatko Klaudia P. , Franke Katrin
Published: December 2021

To provide a compact and efficient input to the brain, sensory systems separate the incoming information into parallel feature channels. In the visual system, parallel processing starts in the retina. Here, the image is decomposed into multiple retinal output channels, each selective for a specific set of visual features like motion, contrast, or edges. In this article, we will summarize recent findings on the functional organization of the retinal output, the neural mechanisms underlying its diversity, and how single visual features, like color, are extracted by the retinal network. Unraveling how the retina – as the first stage of the visual system – filters the visual input is an important step toward understanding how visual information processing guides behavior.
The Asymmetric Impact of Oil Prices on Unemployment in the MENA Region
Authors: Cheratian Iman , Farzanegan Mohammad Reza , Goltabar Saleh
Published: December 2021

We examine the effects of oil prices on unemployment rates in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) over the period of 1991–2017. Using the panel nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (panel NARDL) model, the results show that in the long run, positive changes of oil prices exert a positive (increasing) impact on the unemployment rate. However, negative changes in oil prices have a significant decreasing effect on the unemployment rate in the MENA region. We also find that the short run changes in oil prices do not show a significant effect on unemployment rates. Our findings are robust to an alternative measure of oil rents per capita and in line with predictions of the resource curse hypothesis. Countries with higher dependency on natural resource rents experience, on average, a slower long run economic growth rate (and thus higher unemployment rates), compared with countries with lower dependency.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing hepatocyte growth factor ameliorate hypoxic–ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats
Authors: Zeng Wen , Wang Yu , Xi Yufeng , Wei Guoqing , Ju Rong
Published: December 2021

Objectives

Hypoxic–ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is a major cause of brain injury in neonates. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show therapeutic potential for HIBD, and genetic modification may enhance their neuroprotective effects. The goal of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-overexpressing BMSCs (BMSCs-HGF) against HIBD and their underlying mechanisms.

Methods:

BMSCs were transfected with HGF using adenoviral vectors. HIBD models were established and then BMSCs were transplanted into the brains of HIBD rats via intraventricular injection. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to measure cerebral infarction volumes. In vitro, primary cultured cortical neurons were co-cultured with BMSCs in a Transwell plate system. Oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) was applied to imitate hypoxic–ischemic insult, and PD98059 was added to the culture medium to block the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Cell apoptosis was determined using TUNEL staining. The expression of HGF was measured by immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and western blots. The expression of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) was measured by western blots.

Results

HGF-gene transfection promoted BMSC proliferation. Moreover, BMSCs-HGF decreased HIBD-induced cerebral infarction volumes and enhanced the protective effects of the BMSCs against HIBD. BMSCs-HGF also increased expression of HGF, p-ERK, and Bcl-2 in brain tissues. In vitro, BMSC-HGF protected neurons against OGD-induced apoptosis. Inhibition of ERK phosphorylation abolished the neuroprotective effect of BMSCs-HGF against OGD.

Conclusions

BMSCs-HGF is a potential treatment for HIBD and that the ERK/Bcl-2 pathway is involved in the underlying neuroprotective mechanism.
Third harmonic generation of a relativistic self-focusing laser in plasma under exponential density ramp
Authors: Sharma Vinay , Thakur Vishal , Singh Arvinder , Kant Niti
Published: December 2021

Present study focuses on self-focusing and its effect on third harmonic generation (THG) of a Gaussian laser beam in plasma under the influence of exponential density ramp. Relativistic nonlinearity has been taken into account which is aroused due the modification of electron’s mass in the presence of high intensity laser. Under strong ponderomotive force, electrons acquire very high quiver velocity and mass variation takes place. Equations for beam width parameter of incident laser and the amplitude of THG have been derived under WKB and paraxial ray approximation, and solved them numerically. It is found that the presence of exponential plasma density ramp results strong self-focusing of laser which further leads to enhance the efficiency of THG. Wiggler magnetic field adds an additional momentum to the photons of third harmonic due to which appreciable gain is observed in the normalized amplitude of THG. Significant enhancement in the THG amplitude has been reported in the presence of exponential density ramp for optimum values of intensity of incident laser, wiggler magnetic field and plasma frequency.
Effect of Intraoperative Propofol-Induced Sedation on the Neurotransmitter Levels (Pilot Study)
Authors: Churakov V. O. , Zaitsev A. Yu. , Dymova O. V. , Dubrovin K. V. , Zhukova S. G. , Matveeva N. A.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the changes in the levels of various neurotransmitters depending on the depth of propofol-induced sedation.Material and methods. Twenty-four patients were included in a prospective, simple blinded study. All patients underwent elective orthopedic intervention with subarachnoid anesthesia and moderate (group 1, n=12) or deep (group 2, n=12) propofol-induced sedation. Peripheral blood sampling for measurement of neurotransmitter levels was performed before regional blockade (Stage 1), 35–40 min after the start of sedation (Stage 2), and 10–15 min after sedation was terminated and consciousness was recovered (Stage 3).Results. Deep propofol-induced sedation resulted in a decrease in norepinephrine level at stages 2 and 3. Under moderate sedation, its level decreased at Stage 2 and returned to baseline after restoration of consciousness. The initial concentration of norepinephrine (Stage 1) was higher in Group 2.Conclusion. Propofol-induced sedation resulted in reduced level of the main stress hormone, which suggests its stabilizing effect on autonomic nervous system.
Involvement of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor in the Formation of a Profibrotic Microenvironment in the Epicardial Region
Authors: Dergilev K. V. , Tsokolayeva Z. I. , Beloglazova I. B. , Vasilets Yu. D. , Traktuyev D. O. , Kulbitsky B. N. , Parfenova E. V.
Published: December 2021

The study of the mechanisms of development and progression of fibrosis is one of the key directions of modern cardiology. Our work suggests that the urokinase receptor (uPAR) is involved in the regulation of mesothelial cell activity and epicardial fibrosis development, which, when interacting with specific ligands and intermediate proteins, can activate intracellular signaling, trigger the cascade of proteolytic reactions, including local plasmin formation and activation of matrix metalloproteinases, providing matrix remodeling.Objective: to perform a comparative study of fibrogenic activity of the epicardium in the hearts of uPAR-/- and wild-type animals and evaluate the effect of cardiac microenvironment factors on the migration activity of epicardial mesothelial cells.Material and methods. We used histological and immunofluorescent staining, microarray analysis of proinflammatory cytokine levels, and a method for assessing the migratory properties of epicardial cells.Results. Results. We found that compared to wild-type animals, uPAR-/- animals show significant thickening of the epicardial area (2.46+0.77 (uPAR-/- mice) and 1.02+0.17 (Wt mice) relative units, P=0.033) accompanied by accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. Deficiency of uPAR gene leads to formation of proinflammatory microenvironment in the heart (increased levels of proinflammatory factors such as IL-1, IL-13, IL-17, RANTES and MIP1), increased migratory activity of epicardial mesothelial cells, accumulation of TCF21+fibroblast/myofibroblast precursors (29.8+13.7 (uPAR-/- mouse) and 3.03+0.8 (Wt mouse) cells per visual field,P=0.02), as well as development of subepicardial fibrosis.Conclusion. These findings suggest that uPAR is a promising candidate for the developing targeted agents to prevent the development and progression of cardiac fibrosis.
Supervised linear classification of Gaussian spatio-temporal data
Authors: Karaliutė Marta , Dučinskas Kęstutis
Published: December 2021

In this article we focus on the problem of supervised classifying of the spatio-temporal Gaussian random field observation into one of two classes, specified by different mean parameters. The main distinctive feature of the proposed approach is allowing the class label to depend on spatial location as well as on time moment. It is assumed that the spatio-temporal covariance structure factors into a purely spatial component and a purely temporal component following AR(p) model. In numerical illustrations with simulated data, the influence of the values of spatial and temporal covariance parameters to the derived error rates for several prior probabilities models are studied.
COVID-19 reproduction number and non-pharmaceutical interventions in Lithuania
Authors: Vaišnorė Ramunė , Jakaitienė Audronė
Published: December 2021

Currently the world is threatened by a global COVID-19 pandemic and it has induced crisis creating a lot of disruptions in the healthcare system, social life and economy. In this article we present the analysis of COVID-19 situation in Lithuania and it's municipalities taking into consideration the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on the reproduction number. We have analysed the period from 20/03/2020 to 20/06/2021 covering two quarantines applied in Lithuania. We calculated the reproduction number using the incidence data provided by State Data Governance Information System, while the information for applied non-pharmaceutical interventions was extracted from Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker and the COVID-19 website of Government of the Republic of Lithuania. The positive effect of applied non-pharmaceutical interventions on reproduction number was observed when internal movement ban was applied in 16/12/2020 during the second quarantine in Lithuania.
A comparative analysis of proximity measures to determine the Lithuanian population structure
Authors: Molytė Alma , Urnikytė Alina
Published: December 2021

In this paper the multidimensional scaling, the principal coordinate and principal component methods for the Lithuanian population structure have investigated, taken that the proximity measures are Euclid, Gower, Bray-Curtis, Kulczynski, Jaccard and Morisita. The genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism genetic data analyzed. A comparative analysis of proximity measures performed. The results of visualization are also presented.
Evaluation of periodontal condition in individuals with down syndrome: a case-control study
Authors: Roman-Torres Caio Vinicius G. , Schwartz-Filho Humberto Oswaldo , Oliveira Mariana , B. Barbieri Camila , Quintela Marcelo M. , R. Sendyk Wilson
Published: December 2021

Ogival palate, macroglossia, anodontia, cleft tongue, delayed tooth eruption, low prevalence of caries and high prevalence of periodontal disease are the main oral manifestations of Down syndrome. The aim of the present observational study was to evaluate the periodontal condition in individuals with Down syndrome. The study included 30 individuals who were selected according to the age group to be studied, between 17 and 25 years old, in a local institution for the care of Down syndrome (DG) patients and 30 individuals who made up the control group and who did not have Down syndrome (CG), periodontal parameters were observed in both groups that were adjusted for habits. The results showed for the Plaque Index 41.2% of the individuals in the DS group while in the CG group in 45.5% without statistical difference. For the Gingival Index, it was observed that 39.7% in the DS group and in the CG group 44.2% without statistical difference between the groups (p <0.05). Family and institutional participation collaborates in the daily control of dental biofilm. In the present study, individuals in the DG group presented periodontal clinical parameters compatible with periodontal health and when compared to healthy individuals, they did not present clinical differences.
Ukrainian Gigonomy: Transformation of Employment, Risks and Prospects
Authors: Ivanenko Olena
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the transformation of the employment structure and gigonomics. Today, such economic model is becoming the dominant option of choice, which is working in almost all the spheres and sectors of the economy and is increasingly conquering the world. The employment of the population represents the general structure of the economy and changes with it, reflecting the state of development of the country. Structural economic changes have led to a change in the usual forms and types of employment of the population. The market economy served as an impetus for a change in the structure of employment in the former Soviet society, and global economic processes have unified these changes. Today, the dominant trend is the shift of the main vector of economic activity from the sphere of production to the sphere of service (in various industries), small and medium-sized businesses, the applying of the principles of freelancing and outsourcing. There is also a decrease in employment in the fields of science, education, medicine; the science loses its prestige and intrinsic value, scientific knowledge is devalued, and intellectual work is increasingly concentrating in the field of computer technology, creating a huge number of new specialties and professions that require different fundamental training, high qualifications and a large number of work places. The standard principles of organizing the work process are giving way to non-standard ones; preference is given to freedom of choice, flexibility and independence etc. The digital economy and work on digital platforms are relevant, modern and promising, but they are not devoid of certain risks and dangers. Platform employment is precarious, unstable, socially and legally vulnerable, although in developed countries almost a third of the working-age population is employed in the gig economy today. In the article, there are investigated the peculiarities of Ukrainian gigonomics based on the materials of a survey conducted by the author among gig workers in Kiev — taxi drivers of online services (Uber, Uklon, Bolt) and food delivers (Glovo, Bolt Food, Rocket). Besides, there are clarified main advantages and disadvantages of such work and there are described its threats and prospects.
Inducción de resistencia en tomate (Solanum lycopesicum L.) y antagonismo de Trichoderma viride contra Fusarium oxysporum
Authors:  Delgado Morato Luis Demetrio , Bermudez Cardona Maria Bianney
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo desarrollado en la Universidad del Tolima (Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia), tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del silicio como inductor de resistencia sistémica y el antagonismo de T. viride frente a la marchitez vascular del tomate híbrido Santa Clara (S. lycopersicum L.) causado por F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. Se evaluó el efecto inductor del silicio en la respuesta de defensa del tomate sobre parámetros epidemiológicos de la enfermedad y a través de análisis bioquímico se evaluó la actividad de la enzima Polifenoloxidasa (PPO). Se empleó un diseño factorial con ocho tratamientos y 12 réplicas. Se encontró una reducción del 47 % en la severidad foliar en las plantas tratadas con silicio y T. viride respecto a las plantas que no fueron tratadas con silicio. Además, se encontró un incremento en la actividad enzimática de la Polifenoloxidasa (PPO) en las plantas que fueron tratadas con silicio y no inoculadas con T. viride, siendo la media de este tratamiento 2,29 U/mg de proteína respecto a las que no fueron tratadas con silicio e inoculadas y no inoculadas con T. viride, siendo la media de este tratamiento 0,36 U/mg de proteína.
Interacción genotipo x ambiente en Elaeis guineensis e Híbridos OxG de palma de aceite en Colombia
Authors: Castañeda Garzón Sandra Liliana , Argüelles Cárdenas Jorge Humberto , Hernández David Ricardo , Castro Navarro Olga María
Published: December 2021

En Colombia, las zonas palmeras presentan condiciones climáticas diferentes que inciden en el desarrollo y en el rendimiento del cultivo. La producción de siete genotipos Ténera (DxP) y de nueve genotipos del híbrido OxG de palma de aceite, se evaluó entre 2015 y 2017 en dos zonas palmeras del país, bajo un diseño en bloques completos al azar, con cuatro repeticiones y 20 palmas por unidad experimental. Se realizó análisis combinado de covarianza para los genotipos Ténera y OxG, considerando como covariable el número de palmas por unidad experimental, para establecer el efecto de los genotipos y del ambiente en el rendimiento (kg/parcela) de fruta fresca (RFF). El ambiente y los genotipos se clasificaron mediante análisis de conglomerados y el análisis de estabilidad del rendimiento se estimó por medio del modelo AMMI. En híbridos OxG se observaron diferencias significativas (α <0 .0001) en RFF entre ambientes, entre genotipos y en la interacción genotipo x ambiente (GxA), mientras que en los materiales Ténera las diferencias (α < 0.0001) se presentaron entre ambientes y en la interacción GxA. Se identificó adaptación específica en Ténera T6, T1 y H14 a los ambientes Tu2017B, Li2016A y Li2017A. Se observó adaptación general en Ténera T2 y T3 e híbridos OxG H11 y H15. El rendimiento de racimos de los genotipos T2 y T3 fue 176.2 y 174.1 kg/parcela, mientras que en H15 y H11 fue 274.2 y 264.6 kg/parcela. En genotipos Ténera e híbridos OxG, el rendimiento de RFF fue influenciado por la interacción GxA.
Evaluación de modelos para estimar la erosividad de la lluvia en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Calero Mosquera Daniela , Martínez López Carolina , Menjívar Flores Juan Carlos
Published: December 2021

La erosividad de la lluvia (R) es uno de los factores incluidos en la Ecuación Universal de Pérdida de Suelo (USLE) y se define como la capacidad potencial de la lluvia para erosionar los suelos, cuyo conocimiento es fundamental en la planificación del uso y manejo de los mismos. En el presente trabajo se evaluaron dos métodos (USLE-EI30 y EI30cor) para determinar el factor R en los principales municipios productores de piña del Valle del Cauca, además, se analizaron los índices de Fournier (IF) y Modificado de Fournier (IMF); para esto, se utilizaron los registros de precipitación de 12 estaciones pluviográficas, pluviométricas y climatológicas pertenecientes al área de estudio, durante los años 2015-2019, teniendo en cuenta la disponibilidad de los datos. Se encontró que el 66 % de las precipitaciones anuales y el 69 % de los eventos erosivos se presentan en los meses de marzo a mayo y septiembre a noviembre, respondiendo al régimen bimodal. Respecto al factor USLE-EI30, se encontraron valores entre 636.7 y 4384.0 MJ.mm.ha-1, mientras que con el EI30cor los valores oscilaron entre 2850.5 y 11110.7 MJ.mm.ha-1. El análisis de la regresión lineal entre los índices de erosividad y la precipitación media anual evidenció un R2 mayor para el caso del IMF (0.976). Finalmente, el USLE-EI30 se correlacionó significativamente con el IMF anual (R2 = 0.89), generando el modelo ajustado (EI30 = 20.979 (IFM) - 389.04; r = 0.95); además, se evidenció que más del 70 % del área de estudio presenta erosividad muy baja (1000 - 2500 MJ.mm.ha-1).
Petrographic and geochemical features of Gimo marble, Gole area, Kurdistan Region, Iraq: constraints on its protolith's origin and depositional environment
Authors: Mirza Tola Ahmed , Kalaitzidis Stavros P. , Fatah Sardar S. , Tsiotou Sophia
Published: December 2021

It is essential to identify marbles' petrographic and geochemical characteristics to determine the palaeo-environmental settings where their carbonate protoliths formed. The petrogenesis of massive Gimo marbles in the Gole area, Kurdistan Region of northeast Iraq, was investigated in this study through a combination of field mapping, petrographic, and geochemical techniques. Petrographic examination of these marbles reveals that mineral compositions are similar in all samples, with both homeoblastic and mosaic textures occurring, in addition to opaque grains that provide evidence of mineralization. Geochemical analyses show that the average calcium carbonate content of the marble is 94.96%; hence, the marble is lithologically characterized as a pure calcite marble. In most samples, the silica content was below 2 wt.%, with high values related to quartz veinlets. A range of geochemical indices and Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS–normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns) suggest that the limestone protolith was deposited in a shallow, near-shore marine environment on a continental margin, with very low input of detrital material. The negative Ce anomalies indicate that the protoliths of the Gimo marbles were carbonate rocks of a sedimentary origin.
Petrophysical properties of bypassed Cenozoic clastic reservoirs in the Cesar sub-basin, Colombia
Authors: Alarcón Olave Helmer Fernando , Herrera Otero Edwar Hernando
Published: December 2021

The Cesar-Ranchería basin has all the necessary elements for the generation, expulsion, and migration of hydrocarbons and considerable potential for coal bed methane (CBM) in Colombia. Previous studies in the Cesar basin focused on understanding the tectonic evolution, stratigraphy, hydrocarbon generation potential, and evaluation of reservoir potential in Cretaceous calcareous units and quartzose sandstones from the Paleocene Barco Formation. These studies had confirmed the existence of an effective petroleum system, with several episodes of oil expulsion and re-emigration in the Miocene period, turning the Cenozoic clastic succession (Barco, Los Cuervos, La Loma, and Cuesta formations) into an element of significant exploratory interest to clarify the potentiality of the basin in terms of hydrocarbon accumulation. The petrophysical parameters of Cenozoic units (shale volume, porosity, water, and oil saturation) were determined by integrating wells log and core samples analyses from three stratigraphic wells. The integration of these results synthesizes the petrophysical behavior of the units. It defines intervals with clay volumes of less than 30%, effective porosity around 20%, which means favorable characteristics as reservoir rocks that need to be considered in future exploratory projects.
A Year after the Outbreak of COVID-19: Applicants’ Perception of Higher Education Quality in the Context of Digitalization and Blended Learning
Authors: Agarkov Gavriil A. , Sandler Daniil G. , Sushchenko Anastasia D.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The forced transition of Russian universities to distance learning in 2020 and accelerated digital transformation of educational processes in higher education are the first effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. A key aspect of measuring higher education quality is the perception of its formats by students as university change agents. The aim of the study is to identify the factors that determine the applicants’ positive attitude to learning that includes online elements in the context of the Russian universities’ transition to the blended learning model.
Materials and Methods. The empirical base of the research includes the results of an online sociological survey conducted among the applicants for Ural Federal University undergraduate and graduate programmes in 2021. The methods of classification, factor analysis, and coefficients of pair correlations were applied. Additionally, for comparison, data from 2015 for a similar sample (1st year bachelor’s degree students) were used.
Results. Positive attitudes towards online and blended learning are gradually increasing. The factor analysis of data from 2021 showed that applicants who support the online and blended learning include: those aspiring for master’s degree upon completing their bachelor’s degree course; those who choose their degree field rationally – men who apply for a state-funded education in any Russian university (including participants of federal contests – ‘Academic Olympics’). The above groups are formed mainly under the influence of external factors. Another group includes those oriented towards self-realization – women who choose their degree field relying on their personal inclinations for a future profession (the influence of internal factors).
Discussion and Conclusion. The research results contribute to the development of scientific ideas about the blended learning model and emphasize the value of institutional research based on feedback from university students for making informed management decisions on change. The materials of the paper will be useful when designing the educational process in the Russian universities’ transition to the blended learning model.
ANALYSIS OF THE INDICATIONS OF THE SPECIAL FORCE WITH YOUNG VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Arsova R.
Published: December 2021

Physical preparation of volleyball player is one of the factors the efficiency of the team, group and individual technical-tactical actions are dependent on. Nevertheless of the level of technical preparation of a competitor, he could hardly reach success, if he doesn’t have good and versatile physical preparation. Volleyball becomes more and more athletic game – saturated with great number of single combats at the net, jumps, movements and etc., and that is why, the good speed-force preparation is an obligatory quality of the professional volleyball player. At the base of the efficient execution of the technical elements of the game are the coordination capabilities. According to a number of authors, an important peculiarity of the sports, characterizing with a complex manifestation of motor qualities, the volleyball being one of them, is that the special physical preparation is realized basing the special force preparation, requiring a complex development of explosive force, speed-force (jump) endurance, force dexterity and etc. The aim of this investigation is to increase the efficiency of the work for development of the special force in volleyball, through establishment of the variability of its main indications with young female volleyball players in the age limit 15-17 years.
Impact of pile-to-cap fixity on the design and behavior of sensitive structures
Authors: Zapata Isabella , Corven John , Lee Seung Jae , Garber David
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the results of analytical studies on the connection between piles and pile caps or footings. Two nonlinear finite element analysis software packages were used to investigate the behavior of the connection itself and the impact of connection assumptions on the overall behavior of different sensitive structures such as simple spans with uneven span lengths, segmental box girders with fixed pier tables, and straddle bents with temperature loading. Results show that the behavior of the connection is affected by variables such as pile size, pile embedment length, pile cap concrete strength, interface reinforcement, and distance between the edge of the pile and the edge of the pile cap. The study also demonstrated that significant moment can develop even with shallow pile embedment lengths. The assumed level of fixity between the pile and pile cap was found to significantly influence the behavior of some of the bridges investigated in this study.
PROGRAM AUTHORITATIVE PARENTING UNTUK MEREDUKSI PERILAKU DISTRUPTIF PADA ANAK
Authors: Rahman Tuti Alawiyah , Ningrum Devy Sekar Ayu
Published: December 2021

AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi programauthoritative parenting kepada orang tua di SD X kota Cimahi. Pelaksanaan program authoritatif parenting dalam rentang waktu September 2020 s/d Oktober 2020. Kegiatan program ini terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Tahap pelaksanaan dengan menggunakan teknik ceramah, diskusi, dan pendampingan serta tahap evaluasi. Berdasarkan hasil angket respon orang tua yang diberikan sebelum dan setelah diberikan program authoritative parenting menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman dan penggunaan authoritative parenting sebesar 57,3%. Sedangkan pada angket respon orang tua sebelum dan setelah diberikan materi mengenai perilaku distruptif pada anak menunjukkan adanya penurunan atau mereduksi perilaku distruptif pada anak sebesar 30%. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan pengabdian ini cukup baik dan efektif. Abstract This article aims to describe the implementation of authoritative parenting training for parents at SD X of Cimahi. The authoritative parenting training held from September to October 2020. This training activity consists of three stages, namely the planning, implementation and evaluation stage. The implementation stage using lecture, discussion, and mentoring techniques. Based on questionnaire result on authoritative parenting given to parent before and after the training, it showed an increase in understanding and use of authoritative parenting by 57.3%. Whereas in the parents’ responses questionnaire on distracting behavior in children, it shows that there is a decrease or reduce distracting behavior in children by 30%. It can be concluded that authoritative parenting training given to parent is quite good and effective in reducing children disruptive behaviour.
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN TERKAIT REGULASI PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DARI KEKERASAN DAN NARKOTIKA MELALUI SOSIALISASI DI DESA BUKIT RANAH KECAMATAN KAMPAR
Authors: Wiarti July , Akrial Zul , Fudika Moza Dela
Published: December 2021

Abstrak Tingkat kasus tindak pidana kekerasan terhadap anak dan penyalahgunaan narkotika oleh anak masih berada pada posisi yang mengkhawatirkan. Salah satu upaya yang bisa dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya tindak pidana tersebut adalah dengan melakukan sosialisasi. Sehingga masyarakat dalam hal ini Desa Bukit Ranah bisa lebih memahami terkait larangan kekerasan terhadap anak dan larangan penggunaan narkotika. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan sosialisasi yakni menjelaskan regulasi terkait tindak pidana tersebut dan diakhiri dengan tanya jawab dan diskusi. Setelah melakukan sosialisasi, pengetahuan masyarakat terkait tindak pidana tersebut menjadi lebih baik. AbstractThe level of crime against children and narcotics services by children is still in a frightening position. One of the efforts that can be made to prevent this crime is by conducting the socialization. So that the community, of Bukit Ranah Village, can better understand the prohibition of violence against children and the use of narcotics. The method is by explaining the regulations related to the crime and ending with a discussion. After conducting the socialization, the public's knowledge regarding the crime became better.
Asegurando en la tierra el pasaje al cielo. De los clérigos y de los religiosos portugueses en Lima, 1580-1640
Authors: Sullón-Barreto Gleydi
Published: December 2021

Este artículo analiza la vida social y las actividades económicas de los clérigos y de los religiosos portugueses que se hallaron en Lima en los años de 1580 a 1640. El análisis de los vínculos interpersonales, como modelo metodológico aplicado a este estudio, revela el carácter heterogéneo de estos individuos, la pluralidad de sus pertenencias e identificaciones y el alcance de sus relaciones en el espacio local y extra regional. Asimismo, que su condición de clérigos o religiosos no les impidió ―a título personal― involucrarse en las actividades económicas del medio e insertarse ―en el caso de uno de ellos― en redes comerciales de alcance transoceánico.
Complexidade institucional no campo esportivo de Santos após implantação do Promifae
Authors: SILVA DONALD VERONICO ALVES DA , MENDONÇA PATRICIA MARIA E.
Published: December 2021

Resumo Este trabalho observou como a complexidade institucional aumentou no campo esportivo da cidade de Santos após a introdução do Programa Municipal de Incentivo Fiscal de Apoio ao Esporte (Promifae). Para tanto, realizou um levantamento de dados primários e secundários, baseado em análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas, com uma abordagem exploratório-descritiva. Como contribuição, esta análise demonstra que a implementação do programa revela ambiguidades e conflitos de lógicas institucionais já existentes no campo esportivo, bem como amplia o alcance da lógica de mercado, exigindo das organizações participantes novas demandas para equilibrar essas diferenças. Como implicações práticas, verifica-se que o município de Santos não usa a lei e os recursos públicos de forma planejada e alinhada a uma política pública. A despeito disso, os benefícios do Promifae no campo esportivo são muitos, e a gestão pública deve buscar sua ampliação e integração com políticas esportivas mais bem desenhadas.
Organização do trabalho dos servidores técnico-administrativos em uma instituição federal de ensino: uma abordagem sobre carreira, tarefas e relações interpessoais
Authors: TESSARINI JUNIOR GERALDO , SALTORATO PATRÍCIA
Published: December 2021

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar as experiências e as percepções de servidores públicos técnico-administrativos em relação à organização de seu trabalho, aqui analisada em função de 3 perspectivas inter-relacionadas: carreira, tarefas e relações interpessoais. Para tanto, foram realizadas 18 entrevistas semiestruturadas com servidores de uma instituição federal de ensino localizada no estado de São Paulo. Os resultados principais indicaram que i) em relação à carreira, a estabilidade do cargo público coexiste com a instabilidade das condições de trabalho decorrente da precarização do serviço público e da educação pública; ii) quanto às tarefas, foram identificadas evidências de subutilização de mão de obra, sobrecarga de trabalho, falta de servidores e ausência de avaliação de desempenho; e iii) no âmbito das relações interpessoais, destacaram-se os conflitos e a percepção de inferioridade em função de um cotidiano organizacional que, por vezes, privilegia as atividades docentes em detrimento das técnico-administrativas. Concomitantemente aos aspectos positivos, a organização do trabalho dos servidores é bastante delineada por conflitos entre as expectativas profissionais e as frustrações desses trabalhadores, revelando contenciosos, disputas simbólicas e desafios presentes em seus cotidianos de trabalho.
“Há Sobreviventes”: contando uma história de morte súbita
Authors: Ellis Carolyn , Lopes Natânia
Published: December 2021

Resumo Este artigo é uma narrativa pessoal de um drama familiar representado na sequência da morte do meu irmão, decorrente de um acidente de avião. Histórias “verdadeiras” como essa se encaixam no espaço entre ficção e ciências sociais, juntando escrita etnográfica e literária, e compreensão autobiográfica e sociológica. Meu objetivo é reposicionar os leitores em relação aos outros autores de textos de ciências sociais, reconhecendo o potencial para leituras opcionais e encorajando os leitores a “experienciarem uma experiência” que pode revelar não apenas como foi para mim, mas como poderia ser ou foi também para eles alguma vez. Esta forma experimental permite a pesquisadores e leitores reconhecerem e darem voz às suas próprias experiências emocionais e incentiva sujeitos etnográficos (coautores) a reivindicarem e escreverem suas próprias vidas.
Pele negra/máscaras brancas: a sustentabilidade performativa da branquitude (com desculpas a Frantz Fanon)
Authors: Alexander Bryant Keith , Raimondi Gustavo Antonio
Published: December 2021

Resumo Este artigo usa o icônico texto Pele Negra, Máscaras Brancas de Frantz Fanon como um tropo metonímico para examinar a natureza dos “Estudos Brancos” por meio do enquadramento autobiográfico de um crítico Negro. O artigo está estruturado em três componentes. Em primeiro lugar, a identidade socialmente construída de “Branquitude” como incorporada, emergente e criticada por aqueles no (e do) projeto dos “Estudos Brancos”. Em segundo lugar, é abordada a questão de como os “Estudos Brancos” servem como um projeto para “sustentar a Branquitude”, à luz da crescente crítica social e cultural da Branquitude. Em terceiro, o artigo apresenta um argumento para a natureza performativa da Branquitude que cruza as fronteiras de raça e etnia. O artigo também aborda questões de autenticidade embutidas na política e nas interseções da performatividade de raça e cultura, ao mesmo tempo em que estende a noção de Branquitude, bem como de Negritude, como uma realização performativa.
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION ALLOWANCES: FINANCIAL REPORTING TRANSPARENCY
Authors: Milanés-Montero Patricia , Pérez-Calderón Esteban , Dias Ana Isabel
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT This research analyzes the influence that the performance of GHG emissions has on the level of transparency in financial reporting. Content analysis of the financial statement notes allowed the level of transparency to be measured. The results suggest that the level of transparency in financial reporting is negatively related to the performance of GHG emissions when financial reports are prepared on the basis of the International Financial Reporting Standards. It was also concluded that more ‘good news’ is disclosed by companies when their GHG emissions’ performance reduces. This study complements previous literature about transparency in financial reporting, and the necessity to relate it to eco-efficiency measures to empower the decision-making process of stakeholders. The study also provides a reference for European accounting regulators on the behavior of companies with regard to this issue.
Liquidity Risk and Capital Structure of Companies in Latin America
Authors: Vásquez Tejos Francisco Javier , Fernández Prosper Lamothe , Pape Larre Hernan
Published: December 2021

Objective. To explore the relationship between liquidity risk and the capital structure of Latin American companies. Methodology. With a sample of 135 companies (Brazil, Chile and Mexico), panel data were used to analyze various models that considered, among other variables, six liquidity risk indices, two of which included a new factor: the free-float. The study period covers from 2010 to 2019. Results. The level of indebtedness and capital risk in Latin America companies present a mixed relationship (direct and inverse). Conclusions. Latin American companies have their own characteristics for decision-makingabout capital structure.
On the prosody of French ambiguous multiple negative sentences.
Authors: Déprez Viviane , Yeaton Jeremy Daniel
Published: December 2021

While it has long been assumed that prosody can help resolve syntactic and semantic ambiguities, empirical evidence has shown that the mapping between prosody and meaning is complex (Hirschberg & Avesani 2000; Jackendoff 1972). This paper investigates the prosody of ambiguous French sentences with multiple potentially negative terms that allow two semantically very distinct interpretations—a single negation reading involving negative concord (NC), and a double negative reading (DN) with a positive meaning reflecting a strictly compositional interpretation— with the goal to further research on the role of prosody in ambiguities by examining whether intonation can be recruited by speakers to signal distinct interpretations of these sentences to hearers. Twenty native speakers produced transitive sentences with potentially negative terms embedded in contexts designed to elicit single-negation or double-negation readings. Analysis regarding the F0 and the duration of the utterances revealed distinct prosodic profiles for the two readings, confirming previous evidence that speakers can produce characteristic acoustic cues to signal intended distinctive meanings (Kraljic & Brennan 2005; Syrett, Simon & Nisula 2014). Our results reveal that the NC readings feature a focused subject and a post-focally more compressed object, in contrast to the DN readings where both the subject and the object were independently focused. They do not relate DN to contradiction but link negative meaning with focus on French negative concord items (NCI). The paper discusses broad implications of these findings for theoretical approaches to NC and outlines further questions for the syntax-prosody interface of these constructions.
Steps in Inclusion Body Myositis
Authors: Trevor Thomas , Kushlaf Hani
Published: December 2021

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