bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Update on Nanotechnology in Functional Food Developments: Recent Updates, Challenges, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Ashique Sumel , Kumar Shubneesh , Sirohi Ekta , Hussain Afzal , Farid Arshad , Faiyazuddin Md. , Mishra Neeraj , Garg Ashish
Published: August 2023

The food business makes extensive use of lipophilic bioactive substances derived from
plants, such as phytosterols, antimicrobials, antioxidants, ω3 fatty acids, tastes, and countless other constituennts.
The preponderance of these bioactive substances, nevertheless, is just about unsolvable in
hydric solution and unbalanced at a particular eco-friendly provocation, such as sunlight, temperature,
and oxygen, in construction, transference, storage, and employment, for example, icy, chilling, desiccation,
warm air dealing out, or machine-driven agitation. According to this standpoint, there are high-tech
hitches that must be resolved to inform functionality for the social figure due to the lipophilic bioactive
dearth of solubilization, bioavailability, and permanency. This leads to failure in commercialization and
quality enhancement. Nanotechnology can generally be used to manufacture nano-kinds of stuff like
nano-emulsion, nanoparticles, nanostructured materials, and nanocomposites. The creation of functional
foods has attracted a huge interest as our consideration of their affiliation with nourishment and human
health has grown. There are still a number of problems that need to be fixed, such as finding useful substances,
figuring out ideal intake amounts, and fashioning apt food conveyance systems in addition to
product compositions. In several of these areas, new methods and materials developed through nanotechnology
have the potential to offer fresh explanations. The present article provides a thorough examination
of nanotechnologies employed in the development of functional foods. It outlines the current
patterns and forthcoming outlooks of sophisticated nanomaterials in the food industry, with particular
emphasis on their applications in processing, packaging, safety, and preservation. The utilization of
nanotechnologies in the food industry can improve the "bioavailability, taste, texture, and consistency of
food products". This is accomplished by manipulating the particle size, potential cluster formation, and
surface charge of food nanomaterials. Furthermore, this paper examines the utilization of nano-delivery
systems for administering nutraceuticals, the cooperative effects of nanomaterials in safeguarding food,
and the implementation of nano-sensors in intelligent food packaging to monitor the quality of stored
food. Additionally, the customary techniques employed for evaluating the influence of nanomaterials on
biological systems are also addressed. By examining patents, we aim to gain insights into the trends and innovations
driving this field forward and assess its implications on the food industry and society.
Evaluation of Expression Profile of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
in Response to Azacitidine with Biological System Approach
Authors: Hejab Rasta , Rahimi Hamzeh , Abedinlou Hamid , Ghoraeian Pegah
Published: August 2023

Background:

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a prevalent type of leukemia that is associat-ed with high rates of chemoresistance, including resistance to Azacitidine (AZA). Understanding the mo-lecular mechanisms of chemoresistance can lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, we aimed to identify dysregulated miRNAs and their target genes involved in chemoresistance to AZA in AML patients.

Methods:

and Findings: We analyzed expression profiles from two GEO datasets (GSE16625 and GSE77750) using the "Limma" package in R. We identified 29 differentially expressed miRNAs between AML patients treated with AZA and healthy individuals. MultiMiR package of R was used to predict tar-get genes of identified miRNAs, and functional enrichment analysis was performed using FunRich soft-ware. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using STRING and visualized using Cyto-scape. MiR-582 and miR-597 were the most up- and down-regulated miRNAs, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that metal ion binding, regulation of translation, and proteoglycan syndecan-mediated signaling events were the most enriched pathways. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene was identified as a hub gene in the protein-protein interaction network.

Discussion:

Our study identified dysregulated miRNAs and their target genes in response to AZA treat-ment in AML patients. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of chemo-resistance and suggest potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of AML.

Conclusion:

Further experimental validation of the identified miRNAs and their targets is warranted.
Basic Concepts of Ultrasound and its Effects on Fuel Processing
Authors: Kumar Poddar Maneesh , Kumar Dikshit Pritam , Chakma Sankar
Published: August 2023

Ultrasound-assisted technique is well-known for process intensification via
chemical and physical changes under the influence of acoustic cavitation. Acoustic
cavitation is the phenomenon of nucleation, growth, and collapse of cavitation bubbles
into a liquid medium that augments the reaction kinetics and the final process yield.
This chapter provides a fundamental and detailed understanding of the acoustic
cavitation phenomenon. It includes the history and origin of the acoustic wave and its
formation, the concept of cavitation bubbles, bubble nucleation and growth mechanism,
cavitation effects, and its types. Numerous process parameters, such as applied
frequency, intensity, temperature, dissolved gas content, etc., also directly or indirectly
influence the cavitation threshold are also highlighted.
Further, the ultrasound's physical and chemical effects involving various chemical and
biochemical processes to enhance the process yield are also reviewed. The mode of
generation of ultrasound energy and its measurement technique are also briefly
discussed. Finally, an overview of modeling and simulation of radial motion of single
bubble growth, its oscillation in both ultrasound-assisted and conventional systems, and
bubble growth rate under rectified diffusion are also discussed in detail.
Synergy of Microwave and Ultrasound for Intensification of Biodiesel Synthesis
Authors: Gole Vitthal L. , Sharma Jyoti , Yadav Rajesh K.
Published: August 2023

Biodiesel synthesis from sustainable feedstock is gaining importance in
depleting crude oil feedstock and addressing greenhouse emission challenges. A
developing country like India has planned to reduce its 10% dependency on crude oil
by 2022. Synthesis of biodiesel from sustainable edible feedstock has been a concern
for energy vs. food issues. Non-edible feedstock such as Calophyllum innophyllum
Linn, Karanja, Jatropha, Waste Cooking oil, waste engine oil, etc., is gaining
importance. However, biodiesel synthesis from these feedstocks requires higher
processing due to higher initial free fatty content. Intensified techniques can overcome
the shortcoming of higher processing requirements. Spectacular effects associated with
ultrasound and microwave are beneficial for enhancing the rate of processing.
Individual results of microwave and ultrasound have certain limitations. The
intensification of biodiesel synthesis is dependent on the removal of heat/mass barriers
in the transesterification process. Microwave interaction with polar molecules present
in the system enhances the temperature of the reaction at a very intense rate. Micro.emulsification and the high speed of micro-streaming velocities produced from the
ultrasound during interaction with the aqueous phase are incredibly useful for reducing
the mass transfer barrier in heterogeneous phases. The synergy of microwave and
ultrasound may help enhance the processing rate on a multi-fold basis. The present
chapter has presented an overview of microwave and ultrasound energy effects for
biodiesel synthesis. Process economics has been discussed for future development in
biodiesel synthesis.
Intensification of Biodiesel Production Process using Acoustic and Hydrodynamic Cavitation
Authors: Sukhadeo Bargole Swapnil , Kumar Saharan Virendra
Published: August 2023

Biodiesel is an alternative to conventional fossil fuels. It has several
advantages over conventional fuels. It is non-toxic, renewable, and biodegradable with
no sulfur content. Researchers have used different techniques to produce biodiesel from
various edible and non-edible oil sources in the last many years, but these technologies
have several disadvantages. They are highly energy-intensive, have high operating
costs, low volume throughput, and require high investment costs that make them
uneconomical for large-scale operations. In recent years, sonochemical reactors such as
ultrasonication or acoustic cavitation (AC) and hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) have
been considered promising, efficient, and environmentally acceptable techniques for
synthesizing biodiesel. These techniques work on the principle of generation, growth,
and collapse of cavities due to pressure variation within the solution. The cavity
collapse releases a tremendous amount of energy within a short period, typically within
a microsecond at multiple locations within the solution. The release of such immense
power generates local hot spots and highly disruptive pressure shock waves, which help
in increasing the mass transfer rate and thereby causing improved transesterification
reactions.
This book chapter reviews the primary mechanism of intensified approaches using
cavitation, fundamentals of acoustic and hydrodynamic cavitation reactors, basic
designs, and operational guidelines for obtaining the maximum biodiesel yields. This
chapter discusses the effect of various operating parameters of AC and HC on biodiesel
yield. In the case of HC, details of different cavitating devices and the impact of
geometrical and operating parameters that affect the cavitation conditions and biodiesel
yield are discussed.
Effect of a Combination of Water Clover (Marsilea Crenata) Ethanol Extract and Moringa Leaf (Moringa oleifera) Ethanol Extract on Follicle and Oocyte Diameter of Goat: In Vitro Study
Authors: Putranto Septiawan , Rahayu Sri , Ciptadi Gatot , Nanda Widhaningrum Siska
Published: August 2023

Water clover (Marsilea crenata) and moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) are types of herbal plants that are widely used in various alternative medicines. Pharmacologically, both have active compounds such as flavonoids which have cellular activities such as antioxidants and estrogenic. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a combination of water clover ethanol extract and Moringa leaf ethanol extract with different treatment groups with the same concentration on follicle and oocyte growth based on follicle diameter and oocyte diameter after six days of culture. This experimental study used 24 antral follicles (2.5-3.2 mm) which were isolated, and randomly divided into four treatment groups namely K (control) without supplementation of water clover ethanol extract and moringa leaf ethanol extract, group D1 with water clover ethanol extract, group D2 with supplementation of moringa leaf ethanol extract, and group D3 with supplementation of a combination of water clover ethanol extract and moringa leaf
Rice Bran Quality Based on Physical Properties and Chemical Composition Estimation in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi
Authors: Ridla Muhammad , Firdayanti Firdayanti , Laconi Erica B. , Asikin Nevyani
Published: August 2023

Rice bran, a byproduct generated during the rice milling process, is widely utilized as a livestock feed ingredient. However, the quality of rice bran can vary across different production regions. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of rice bran in Maros District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, based on its physical properties and predicted nutrient contents. The study employed a completely randomized design, with ten treatments (representing rice mills from Bonto Marannu, Maccini Baji, Allepolea, Majannang, Salenrang, Turikale, Allatengae, Soreang, Baju Bodoa, and Tunikamaseang) and four replications. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test. The results revealed a highly significant effect (P<0.01) of the rice mill location on the physical quality and predicted nutrient contents of rice bran. The bulk density and tapped density densities varied (P<0.01) among the ten rice mills located in five sub-districts of Maros District, while the predicted crude protein and crude fiber contents also showed variation (P<0.01). The highest values were observed in the rice bran from the Allatengae mill, while the lowest values were found in the rice bran from the Allepolea mill. In this study, the quality of rice bran was categorized into grades I, II, and III according to Standard Nasional Indonesia (2013), based on its physical quality and predicted nutrient contents
The Effects of Different Sources of Protein on the Growth Performance and Digestibility Protein of Local Chickens Crossbreed: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Kurniawan Alfan , Natsir Muhammad Halim , Suyadi Suyadi , Adli Danung Nur
Published: August 2023

A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effects of different sources of energy on the growth performance and digestibility protein of local chickens crossbreed. A dataset was constructed based on relevant published papers. An algorithm was constructed from 2015 to 2023, with a search in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Medline using the MESH terms “chicken”, “digestibility”, “local chicken”, “performance”, and “nutrient digestibility”. After careful evaluation, the final dataset consisted of 8 in-vivo studies comprising 31 treatment units. The data analysis and coding were performed using software R version 4.2.1 “Funny-looking kid” computing with library mode (cowplot); (tidyverse); and (viridis); and (nlme). Our meta-analysis with regard to growth performance, the different sources of protein did not affect the body weight, FCR, body weight gain (BWG), final body weight (FBW), and feed intake (FI) (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the different source of protein negatively affects parameters for growth performance and nutrient digestibility in local chicken crossbreeds.
The Effect of Tamarind Seeds in Fermented Liquid Feed as Pig Feed on Nutrient and Tannin Content, Lactic Acid Bacteria Population, and Fiber Fraction
Authors: Wea Redempta , Ninu Andy Yumima , Nurak Maria Milka , Koten Bernadete Barek , Mbeong Yustus Serani Nong
Published: August 2023

Feed is the biggest cost in the pig livestock business, therefore it is necessary to do processing using fermentation technology by utilizing tamarind seeds in the liquid feed. This study aimed to determine the nutrient, tannins, and populations of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and fiber fraction. This study was undertaken in May-July 2021. The study consisted of 4 treatments, namely; R0: Fermented liquid feed (FLF) of 0% tamarind seeds, R10: FLF of 10% tamarind seeds, R20: FLF of 20% tamarind seeds, and R30: FLF of 30% tamarind seeds. This study was conducted on the experimental design using a Completely Randomized Designed (CRD). The study variables were nutrient content, tannin, LAB population, and fiber fraction. The results were analyzed quantitatively using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and the differences between treatments were further tested by DMRT. The results showed that the percentage of using tamarind seeds in a ratio up to 30% had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on the nutrient content (dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract (NFE), crude fat, and ash), anti-nutrient (tannin), fiber fraction (NDF, ADF, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin), but did not affect (P>0.05) the population of lactic acid bacteria. In conclusion, the use of tamarind seeds up to 30% in liquid feed increases nutrient content (dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract (NFE), and ash), anti-nutrient (tannin), and fiber fraction content (NDF, ADF, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin), but was able to reduce the crude fat content and had no impact on the population of lactic acid bacteria.
Influenced of the Liquid Chaya Leaves (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) Supplementation on Growth Performance of the Quails
Authors: Nurjanah Raynesa Nurul , Hermana Widya , Retnani Yuli
Published: August 2023

The purposed of this study was to analysed the influenced of liquid Chaya leave (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) to drinking water of quail starter. A total 30 Day-Old-Quail (DOQ) were used in this research. The experimental design in this study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment consisted T0 = control; T1 = drinking water added Vita Chick; T2 = drinking water containing 2,5% chaya leaves extract; and T3 = drinking water containing 5% chaya leaves extract. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), if there were significantly different results, Duncan's test was performed. The study showed that chaya leaves extract supplementation had no significant effect (p >0.05) for water intake, feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality of quail starter. In summary, Chaya leaves infusion supplementation as much as 2.5% and 5% through drinking water with a frequency of twice a week has the best body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Further research is needed regarding the effect of administering chaya leaves infusion, and the concentration of chaya leaves infusion on the laying period of quail eggs.
Identification of the Membrane-Associated Transporter Protein (MATP) Gene Polymorphism as Candidate Mutation for Albinism in Japanese Quail
Authors: Pratiwi Laksita Haniifah , Dewanti Ratih , Cahyadi Muhammad
Published: August 2023

A pigmentation abnormality could be due to genetic mutation and trigger a disease related pigmentation deficiency such as albino which might be caused by mutation in membrane-associated transporter protein gene (MATP). The aim of this study was to identify polymorphism in the MATP exon 3 in Japanese quail. A total of nine Japanese quail consisting three brown plumage quail, three black plumage quail, and three albino quail were used in this study. Blood samples were used to extract the genomic Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and used to amplify exon 3 regions of the MATP by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were then sequenced and analyzed. A total of 10 mutations were found, of which three mutations, g.4460G>A, g.4479G>A, and g.4514T>C, were within exon 3. These mutations were synonymous and non-synonymous. No specific mutation for albino was found in this study. In summary those mutations did not specifically determine albinism in Japanese quail.
Morphometric Traits of Pote Goats Raised in Lowland Areas of Madura Island
Authors: Rohman Abdul , Susilorini Tri Eko , Kuswati Kuswati
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to investigated the morphometric characteristics of Pote goats, a local Indonesian goat breed found in Bangkalan Regency, East Java Province. A total of 139 respondents participated in the study, providing 622 female and male Pote goats aged over three months as research materials. This study employed a descriptive research method, including surveys and interviews, to retrieve data using purposive sampling technique. Quantitative data, such as body weight and body size, were analyzed descriptively using the average and standard deviation. Qualitative data, including body color, facial shape/profile, horns, beard, papillae, rewos fur, and udder shape, were analyzed using phenotypic frequency. The findings of this study revealed that Pote goats in Bangkalan are a small type of local Indonesian goat based on the body weight of an adult female and a large type based on shoulder height. Body weight and body size were found to increase with age. Furthermore, the dominant qualitative characteristics of Pote goats in Bangkalan include white color on the body, convex facial profile, drooping and widened ears with relatively short size, straight right and left horns, mane ruff, no papillae, and jug-shaped udder.
Straf- und ordnungsrechtliche Regelungen in ländlichen Rechtsquellen und ihr spezifischer Wortschatz Dargestellt anhand des Materials im Deutschen Rechtswörterbuch
Authors: Deutsch Andreas
Published: August 2023

German-language rural legal sources contain a multifaceted vocabulary that is unusually colourful compared to the rest of the legal language. This holds especially true regarding criminal law, criminal procedure and breaches of order, as this paper will illustrate with selected examples. They are based on the material of the “Deutsches Rechtswörterbuch” (DRW). This comprehensive dictionary of historical German legal terms encompasses extensive rural legal sources. In particular, the freely accessible online version with its various search tools offers convenient access to the rural legal sources and their terminology. Already the designations of the rural legal codes vary enormously, as do those of the courts and the legal proceedings such as the obligatory calling of the alarm in the case of a crime (so-called “Gerüfte”) in the Middle Ages. Although thefts occurred in town and village, the crimes differed in the objects stolen, which in the countryside were mainly related to everyday farming life. Poaching and fraudulent border manipulation played a major role in rural law. A separate vocabulary also developed for insults and acts of violence – such as pub brawls. The same applies to swearing, false oaths, superstitious practices and breaches of morality. Just as in the city, there were numerous fire regulations with their own terminology in the villages. Especially in the field of regulatory law, the large subject area of agriculture also plays a central role – with a broad canon of regulations for the protection of animals, pastures and plantations.
Estrategias de adaptación y mitigación al cambio climático en sistemas de producción agrícola: Un enfoque desde la agricultura protegida y técnicas de biotecnología para el manejo del cultivo
Authors: Villagrán Munar Edwin Andrés , Gómez Arias Linda , Gómez Latorre Douglas Andrés , Rodríguez Giraldo Yeni , Chacón Garzón Iván Edilberto , Numa Vergel Stephanie Johana , Velásquez Ayala Fabián Andrés , Espitia González John Javier , Salinas Velandia Diego Alejandro , Galindo Pacheco Julio Ricardo , Santos-Díaz Adriana Marcela , Valbuena Aguilar Sandra , Miranda Salas Tatiana , Toro-Tobón Gabriela , Pachón-Venegas Carolina , Torres-Cuesta Daniel , Estrada-Bonilla Germán , Álvarez-Flórez Fagua , Aguirre-Franco Valerin A. , Garcerá-Riaño Juan S. , Mendoza-Labrador Jonathan A. , Criollo-Campo Paola J. , Pardo-Díaz Sergio , Rojas-Tapias Daniel F. , Moreno-Galván Andrés E. , Camelo-Rusinq Mauricio , Molano-Chávez Lady R. , Bonilla-Buitrago Ruth R.
Published: August 2023

Este libro aborda algunos conceptos técnicos sobre estrategias productivas existentes para mejorar la adaptación y mitigación al cambio climático en cultivos de interés y que pueden ser aplicadas en cultivos establecidos en el trópico alto colombiano. Primero, se presentan algunas generalidades de la relación entre agricultura y cambio climático, destacando los desafíos y las oportunidades que enfrenta el sector agrícola en este contexto. Luego, se profundiza en las características y los usos de los invernaderos en Colombia, así como su importancia y aplicaciones en la producción agrícola, y se establecen criterios para la selección y el diseño de invernaderos, que permiten maximizar su eficiencia, adaptabilidad y funcionalidad a las condiciones climáticas del trópico alto. Asimismo, se brinda información esencial sobre sistemas de climatización activa y pasiva, destacando su relevancia y eficiencia en el control y la gestión microclimática en el interior de los invernaderos. Además, se muestran resultados de un modelo de producción de agricultura vertical que se plantea como una alternativa innovadora para optimizar e intensificar la producción hortícola. De otro lado, se mencionan algunos conceptos de interés para el uso de invernaderos en prácticas como el endurecimiento de especies vegetales y la cría de insectos, resaltando su importancia en la producción agrícola sostenible. Por último, se dan a conocer técnicas biotecnológicas para enfrentar las condiciones de sequía, que ofrecen soluciones innovadoras y prometedoras para diferentes tipos de cultivos en áreas que pueden verse afectadas por la escasez de agua debido a los efectos adversos generados por el cambio climático.
Subproductos de la caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.): usos en alimentación animal y producción de compost
Authors: Lagos Burbano Elizabeth , Cardona Iglesias Juan Leonardo , Castro Rincón Edwin
Published: August 2023

El documento presenta recomendaciones para elaborar subproductos de la caña de azúcar para la alimentación de especies pecuarias y elaborar compost para fertilización de cultivos. La cartilla es resultado de una investigación que busca formular alternativas de valorización de subproductos del proceso de elaboración de la panela desarrolladas para la alimentación animal y la nutrición vegetal en el departamento de Nariño.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Apps Designed to Reduce Mobile Phone Use and Prevent Maladaptive Mobile Phone Use: Multimethod Study (Preprint)
Authors: Rahmillah Fety Ilma , Tariq Amina , King Mark , Oviedo-Trespalacios Oscar
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Mobile apps are a popular strategy for reducing mobile phone use and preventing maladaptive mobile phone use (MMPU). Previous research efforts have been made to understand the features of apps that have the potential to reduce mobile phone use and MMPU. However, there has been a lack of a comprehensive examination of the effectiveness of such apps and their features.

OBJECTIVE

This paper investigated existing apps designed to reduce mobile phone use and prevent MMPU and examined the evidence of their effectiveness. The research aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of app features that can reduce mobile phone use and MMPU, while also assessing their effectiveness. In addition, we explored users’ perceptions of these apps and the various features the apps offer to understand potential adoption issues and identify opportunities.

METHODS

This study used 3 methods: a review of scientific evidence, content analysis, and sentiment analysis.

RESULTS

Our study comprehensively examine the common features of 13 apps designed to reduce mobile phone use. We extracted and classified the features into 7 types: self-tracking, social tracking, goal setting, blocking, gamification, simplification, and assessment. The effectiveness of these apps in reducing mobile phone use and MMPU varied from weak to strong. On the basis of content analysis, self-tracking and goal setting were the most frequently used features, whereas gamification and assessment were used the least frequently. The intervention strategies that effectively reduce mobile phone use and MMPU included using grayscale mode, app limit features, and mixed interventions. Overall, users tended to accept these apps, as indicated by sentiment scores ranging from 61 to 86 out of 100.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that app-based management has the potential to reduce mobile phone use and MMPU. However, further research is required to evaluate the effectiveness of app-based interventions. Collaborations among researchers, app developers, mobile phone manufacturers, and policy makers could enhance the process of delivering, evaluating, and optimizing apps aimed at reducing mobile phone use and MMPU.
Adapting the Diabetes Prevention Program for Older Adults: Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: Beasley Jeannette M , Johnston Emily A , Costea Denisa , Sevick Mary Ann , Rogers Erin S , Jay Melanie , Zhong Judy , Chodosh Joshua
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Prediabetes affects 26.4 million people aged 65 years or older (48.8%) in the United States. Although older adults respond well to the evidence-based Diabetes Prevention Program, they are a heterogeneous group with differing physiological, biomedical, and psychosocial needs who can benefit from additional support to accommodate age-related changes in sensory and motor function.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this paper is to describe adaptations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Diabetes Prevention Program aimed at preventing diabetes among older adults (ages ≥65 years) and findings from a pilot of 2 virtual sessions of the adapted program that evaluated the acceptability of the content.

METHODS

The research team adapted the program by incorporating additional resources necessary for older adults. A certified lifestyle coach delivered 2 sessions of the adapted content via videoconference to 189 older adults.

RESULTS

The first session had a 34.9% (38/109) response rate to the survey, and the second had a 34% (30/88) response rate. Over three-quarters (50/59, 85%) of respondents agreed that they liked the virtual program, with 82% (45/55) agreeing that they would recommend it to a family member or a friend.

CONCLUSIONS

This data will be used to inform intervention delivery in a randomized controlled trial comparing in-person versus virtual delivery of the adapted program.
The Potential of Exercise on Lifestyle and Skin Function: Narrative Review (Preprint)
Authors: Oizumi Ryosuke , Sugimoto Yoshie , Aibara Hiromi
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The skin is an important organ of the human body and has moisturizing and barrier functions. Factors such as sunlight and lifestyle significantly affect these skin functions, with sunlight being extremely damaging. The effects of lifestyle habits such as smoking, diet, and sleep have been studied extensively. It has been found that smoking increases the risk of wrinkles, while excessive fat and sugar intake leads to skin aging. Lack of sleep and stress are also dangerous for the skin’s barrier function. In recent years, the impact of exercise habits on skin function has been a focus of study. Regular exercise is associated with increased blood flow to the skin, elevated skin temperature, and improved skin moisture. Furthermore, it has been shown to improve skin structure and rejuvenate its appearance, possibly through promoting mitochondrial biosynthesis and affecting hormone secretion. Further research is needed to understand the effects of different amounts and content of exercise on the skin.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to briefly summarize the relationship between lifestyle and skin function and the mechanisms that have been elucidated so far and introduce the expected effects of exercise on skin function.

METHODS

We conducted a review of the literature using PubMed and Google Scholar repositories for relevant literature published between 2000 and 2022 with the following keywords: exercise, skin, and life habits.

RESULTS

Exercise augments the total spectrum power density of cutaneous blood perfusion by a factor of approximately 8, and vasodilation demonstrates an enhancement of approximately 1.5-fold. Regular exercise can also mitigate age-related skin changes by promoting mitochondrial biosynthesis. However, not all exercise impacts are positive; for instance, swimming in chlorinated pools may harm the skin barrier function. Hence, the exercise environment should be considered for its potential effects on the skin.

CONCLUSIONS

This review demonstrates that exercise can potentially enhance skin function retention.
A novel approach for improving the estimation of gait speed using a single inertial measurement unit embedded in a smartphone (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Pei-An , Yu Wanting , Zhou Junhong , Tsai Timothy , Manor Brad , Lo On-Yee
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Gait speed is a valuable biomarker for mobility and health assessment in clinical and research settings. Existing methods to measure gait speed require expensive equipment or personal assistance, limiting their use in unsupervised, daily-life conditions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the inverted pendulum model approach to estimating gait speed and required spatial information (i.e., step length) from data collected with a single smartphone IMU placed in the user’s pants pocket, for both healthy younger and older adults.

METHODS

A custom-developed smartphone app was used to record gait data from healthy younger and older adults during normal and dual-task walking. Validity and reliability of gait speed and step length estimations from the smartphone were compared with the gold-standard GAITRite mat. A coefficient-based adjustment based upon a coefficient relative to the original estimation of step length was applied to improve the accuracy of gait speed estimation.

RESULTS

Smartphone-derived gait speed and step length showed good validity compared to the GAITRite mat, with minimal bias and acceptable limits of agreement. The test-retest reliability of app-derived gait speed was good to excellent within supervised laboratory settings and unsupervised home conditions. After adjustment, the accuracy of gait speed estimation improved, with reduced bias. The adjustment coefficients were applicable to a wide range of step lengths and gait speeds.

CONCLUSIONS

The inverted pendulum approach is a valid and reliable method for estimating gait speed from a smartphone IMU placed in the pocket of younger and older adults. Adjusting step length by a coefficient derived from the original estimation of step length successfully removed bias and improved the accuracy of gait speed estimation. This novel method has potential applications in various settings and populations, though fine-tuning may be necessary for specific datasets.
Anatomical Structure and Histochemical Study Male Strobilus of Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.)
Authors: Eka Damayanti Wenni , Susanti Siti
Published: August 2023

Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) is a plant from the Gymnospermae has many benefit, one of them is the melinjo male strobilus which is used as a vegetable. In melinjo plants there are various kinds of secondary metabolite compounds, especially the organs of leaves, seeds and seed coats, so that apart from being used as food ingredient it can be used as traditional medicine. This study aims to determine the anatomical structure and content of secondary metabolites in melinjo male strobilus. Observations of anatomical structures were made using paraffin methods, and observations of secondary metabolite content used histochemical tests using reagents on slices of fresh preparations then observed with a light microscope and were documented using OptiLab. The results of the observations revealed that anatomical structure of the nodes and internodes at the base, middle, and tip does not revealed that there was structural differences that composed of epidermal tissue, parenchyma tissue, and vascular bundle with xylem and phloem, but there were differences in size that are getting smaller from the base to tip. The structure of the male flowers revealed that there were structural differences with differentiation from the tip to the base of the anther with increasingly size of the cells epidermal tissue, degradation of parenchyma tissue at the middle layer and tapetum, and pollen have been formed. Histochemical test at melinjo male strobilus contained secondary metabolites such as phenolics, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins.
The Potency of Olive Oil, Coconut Oil, and Bleached Palm Oil as Clearing Agent in Histological Preparation
Authors: Saribu Ruth Liananda Citra Dolok , Zusrina Laili Mufli , Supraitno Murtiadi Erlan , Nuriliani Ardaning , Retnoaji Bambang , Saragih Hendry T.S.S.G. , Rohmah Zuliyati
Published: August 2023

Clearing is an important process in histological preparations. The aim of the clearing process is to remove alcohol from the tissues upon dehydration. The most commonly used clearing agent is xylol, however it is known that there are negative effects from using xylol. This literature study purpose to study the potential of three vegetable oils, i.e., olive oil, coconut oil, and refined palm oil, as clearing agents to replace xylol. This literature study was conducted using search engines such as Semantic Scholar, NCBI, ICAMS, IJPRSE, JOMFP, PubMed, and ResearchGate with the keywords olive oil, coconut oil, palm oil, xylol, clearing agent, and histological preparations. There is no year limitation of references in this literature study. Based on the literatures, it is known that the use of olive oil as a clearing agent produces similar histological preparation qualities to xylol. This can be seen from several criteria that were measured, including the level of tissue translucency and the ability to maintain the quality of the staining. Similar results were shown by purified coconut oil and palm oil, both of which can produce tissues with optimal levels of transparency. The conclusion from this literature study is that refined olive oil, coconut oil, and palm oil can be used as clearing agents for xylol substitutes that are safer for researchers and the environment.
Thoughts of Courses Construction of Graduate Student with Master of Medicine Based on Online Open Courses
Authors: Shen Xubo
Published: August 2023

Under the “double-track integration” training model, there are problems with short learning time, scattered locations, and inconsistent schedules for master of medicine. The traditional method of face-to-face teaching in a centralized setting cannot meet the new training requirements. The standardized training for resident physicians strictly requires a 33-month period for clinical skills training. How can we reform the teaching methods while maintaining the same length of the curriculum, in order to balance the standardized training for resident physicians and course learning? Online open courses have the characteristics of fragmented knowledge, abundant resources, diverse formats, flexible choices, and unrestricted learning time and location. They can effectively resolve the conflict between course learning and standardized training for master of medicine under the “double-track integration” training model. How to successfully develop online courses has become a key issue in the reform of course teaching for master of medicine. Based on the experience of course teaching management for master of medicine, this article discusses some considerations for the construction of online open courses.
A Study of Traceability and Transparency of Organic Farming in Agra District
Authors: Verma Chhaya , Kandikonda Santi Swarup
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The research's goal is to examine traceability and transparency practices within the organic farming sector in Agra District. As consumer demand for information on food origin and production grows, these factors become increasingly important in the organic farming industry. The investigation delves into the adherence of Agra District farmers to traceability standards and transparency measures, exploring how these practices influence consumer trust in organic products. The study will employ surveys, interviews, and on-site observations to assess the current state of traceability and transparency in organic farming practices in the region. This study aims to explore and investigate the potential of integrating technologies to enhance resource efficiency, traceability, and transparency in organic farming within the Agra district. This, in turn, will promote more sustainable and effective agricultural practices. The rising global demand for organic goods is driven by a heightened awareness of environmental sustainability and health considerations. Organic agriculture, with its emphasis on natural and eco-friendly methods, has gained popularity as an alternative to conventional farming. However, ensuring traceability and transparency throughout the organic supply chain remains a challenge. The objective of this study is to examine and explore the possibility of using technology integration to enhance resource efficiency, traceability, and transparency in organic farming practices within the Agra district. This research has four main goals. Firstly, it aims to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of sustainable resource management in organic farming. Secondly, it seeks to enhance traceability and transparency throughout the organic agriculture supply chain. Thirdly, the research endeavors to disseminate knowledge and foster innovative practices in organic agriculture. Finally, the study will assess the potential advantages of integrating technologies into organic farming methods.
Quick Text Classification with Privacy Protection based on Secure Multiparty Computing
Authors: Rani Dr. V. Uma , Pranitha Godavari S L S
Published: August 2023

Abstract: I intend and complete activity a insured Naive Bayes sign to resolve the issue of private theme request. Alice, on one side, is holding a text, and Impact, on the other, is holding a classifier. Bob won't have advanced by any means, and Alice will just know how the calculation answered her text at the show's decision. Reaction depends on Secure Multiparty Computation (SMC). Utilizing Rust variant, it is basic and get to classify unstructured text. I can determine if a SMS is marketing mail or hot dog in inferior 340 milliseconds when Impact's model's declaration remark breadth covers all dispute (n = 5200) and Alice's SMS has m = 160 unigrams. This plan is adjustable and maybe secondhand in miscellaneous position place the Earnest Bayes classifier maybe secondhand. For n = 369 and m = 8, the sane number of marketing mail SMSs in the educational group, plan just takes 21 milliseconds
Allometric model for height estimation of Alnus acuminata Kunth in agroecological zones of the high Andean tropics
Authors: Bacca-Acosta Pedro Pablo , Obando-Enriquez Bayron Giovanny , Lerma-Lasso Jose Libardo , Ortega-Cepeda María Camila , Palacio Manfred Ricardo , Zuluaga-Peláez John Jairo
Published: August 2023

The complexity in the management of field tools for recording dasometric information has led to the use of allometric equations that save time, work, and costs allowing the estimation of variables that are difficult to record, such as total height (TH). The objective of this research was to develop an allometric equation for the species Alnus acuminata in order to calculate TH from the diameter at breast height (DBH). At the Obonuco-AGROSAVIA Research Center in Pasto (Nariño), dasometric information was recorded for 75 months for 200 even-aged trees. Four models were evaluated: linear, polynomial, Mixed linear (random effect per tree age),  and Mixed linear (random effect per tree). For the selection of the best model, the criteria were used with the lowest values ​​of Akaike (AIC) and Bayesian (BIC). The information was analyzed using the "Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Models" package, R software. The results revealed that A. acuminata had an 81% survival; the TH average was 7.4 ± 1.3 m; and the average DBH was 9.51 ± 2.23cm. The average annual increase of DBH was 1.5 cm year-1, and the TH was 1.18 m∙ per year-1. The mixed linear model confirmed the assumptions of normality, independence, and homogeneity of variances in addition of having good criteria in its predictive performance and efficiency through the equation TH=2.07+0.35*DBH+0.95*Age. This research contributes to the management of native species of the high tropics by designing an equation for the first vegetative growth phases of A. acuminata in high mountain agroecological zones.
Questioning Growth, Interrogating Pollution: South Korea’s Political Economic Approaches to the Environment in the Early 1970s
Authors: Kim Sang-Hyun
Published: August 2023

There is a growing interest among historians in South Korean society’s engagement with the environment. Yet, many studies tend to accept a narrative based on a type of ‘post-materialist value’ thesis: Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, the South Korean public, preoccupied with basic economic sustenance, showed minimal interest in the escalating environmental degradation. Environmental issues gained prominence only after the 1990s, it is presumed, as South Korea’s economic growth reached a certain threshold, accompanied by the rise of a substantial middle class that showed interest in quality-of-life and supported the expansion of the new environmental movement. Recent historical studies have challenged this narrative, revealing that ‘pollution’ problems had already surfaced as routine societal concerns in the 1970s. However, there remains a need for a critical examination of how the meanings and nature of environmental issues, including pollution, were understood and contested prior to the 1990s. Moreover, the assumption that environmental awareness naturally arose in response to a given trajectory of ‘development’ needs to be interrogated. This study addresses these limitations in previous studies. It investigates the intertwining concerns and discussions about pollution with those regarding the negative consequences of ‘high growth’ in South Korea from the late 1960s to the early-to-mid 1970s. Specifically, the study focuses on the emergence of radical political-economic perspectives on the environment, later embraced by the anti-pollution movement of the late 1970s and 1980s. The paper also explores the transnational influence and connections within these discussions regarding the problematic relationships between ‘growth’ and ‘pollution.’
“Re-membering” South Korea’s Militarized Landscapes in Pax Americana: Post-Cold War US Military Camps, Camptowns, and Former Camptown Women
Authors: Hwang Taejin
Published: August 2023

The continued US military presence for nearly eighty years in South Korea has produced militarized landscapes of postcoloniality in South Korea. Here, militarized landscapes denote both official American military camps and their vernacular camptowns (kijich'on) as well as social-cultural expressions affected by this spatial militarization, such as the former camptown women’s experiences. As the contours of these militarized borderlands are shifting today with the consolidating of the American military footprint in South Korea, this study seeks to connect these contemporary manifestations with their historical developments. In so doing, it hopes to contribute to what Homi Bhabha conceptualizes as “re-membering”－ “a putting together of the dismembered past to make sense of the trauma of the present.” While camps are becoming even more insulated Americanized spaces and the once marginalized camptowns are caught in a liminal stride toward internationalism, this study examines how these borderlands, which had not only embodied Korea’s coloniality but also catalyzed changes in the greater bilateral relations, are “re-membered.” It then discusses how former kijich'on women and civic organizations that constitute the “Camptown Women’s Human Rights Coalition” are at the forefront of this postcolonial “re-membering.” Through the subjectivity-formation and trans-border activism of those once rendered voiceless victims sacrificed by the state, the former camptown women themselves have demonstrated how they are the main agents of their own historical integration. Their re-membering, moreover, contributes to bringing to the national center the marginalized history of Korea’s militarized landscapes in Pax Americana, which in turn forces us to re-member our shared postcolonial trauma.