bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taxonomia corporativa e taxonomia facetada: usos e aplicações na ciência da informação no Brasil
Authors: Lopes Pâmela Tamires Dias , Aganette Elisângela Cristina , Maculan Benildes Coura Moreira dos Santos
Published: January 2020

Las taxonomías permiten una recuperación más precisa de la información, ya que ayudan al usuario a buscar a través de las etiquetas de las clases y subclases presentes en la estructura jerárquica. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un resultado parcial de una investigación más amplia, ofreciendo los usos y aplicaciones de las taxonomías corporativas y facetadas como instrumentos de representación de la información y el conocimiento, descritos en trabajos académicos en el campo de las ciencias de la información. La metodología incluyó una encuesta bibliográfica en la Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações de Capes, para mapear las tesis y tesis de posgrado relacionadas con el tema. Sólo se recuperaron siete tesis de posgrado en ciencias de la información en el periodo de 15 años, y ninguna tesis. En el análisis de los documentos se utilizó el método de análisis de contenidos, a partir de las categorías objetivo, metodología, producto final y trabajos futuros. Los resultados mostraron el estado del arte de los usos y aplicaciones de los instrumentos investigados, así como las tendencias para estudios futuros. La pequeña cantidad de investigaciones evidenció la necesidad de realizar más estudios que involucren estos instrumentos.
Autoria em produções científicas: conceitos, critérios, integridade na pesquisa e responsabilidade na colaboração
Authors: Lima Juliana Soares , Farias Maria Giovanna Guedes
Published: January 2020

Este artículo tiene el objetivo de discutir la autoría científica y los conceptos y criterios relacionados con la responsabilidad de los autores respecto de sus contribuciones; además de pretender vislumbrar los aspectos éticos y de integridad que se suscitan en la investigación y la comunicación científica. Una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema se hizo con la finalidad de buscar y obtener referencias. Los materiales seleccionados obedecieron al criterio principal de averiguar la procedencia de las fuentes científicas, tales como los libros y artículos científicos, además de algunos otros sitios de entidades oficiales que establecen normas y criterios para establecer la atribución de la autoría. Los resultados demuestran que los conceptos de autor, autoría, coautor y colaborador todavía no poseen una definición única y que englobe todo el conjunto de los criterios que constituyen la autoría. Se concluye que los investigadores pueden crear un conjunto de directrices para definir sus contribuciones y tareas, y todavía optar por la adopción de modelos o políticas de autoría sugeridos por su área, institución o por los periódicos científicos a fin de evitar los problemas relacionados con la escritura colaborativa y los artículos de autoría múltiple.
EFFECT OF LABOR PRODUCTIVITY ON POVERTY IN WEST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Firman Firman Tiro , Bariyah Nurul , Kurniasih Erni Panca
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of labor productivity on poverty, economic growth and GDP per capita in West Kalimantan, and to determine the effect of economic growth and GDP per capita on poverty in West Kalimantan. The variables used are poverty level, labor productivity, economic growth and GDP per capita of 14 districts / cities in West Kalimantan from 2008-2017 sourced from the Central Statistics Agency of West Kalimantan. Analysis used by using path analysis. The results show that labor productivity has a negative and significant effect on poverty. Labor productivity partially has a positive and significant effect on economic growth and GDP per capita, while economic growth and GDP per capita have no partial effect on poverty, and a greater direct effect on labor productivity on poverty in West Kalimantan than indirect effects either through economic growth and GDP per capita.
Las políticas culturales en el sur de Europa tras la crisis global: su impacto en la participación cultural
Authors: Rubio Arostegui Juan Arturo , Rius-Ulldemolins Joaquim
Published: January 2020

El último tercio del siglo XX supuso el inicio de un proceso de convergencia en la formulación y en la implementación de las políticas culturales de los países del sur de Europa con respecto al norte. Sin embargo, la crisis global ha conllevado un retroceso en los indicadores de participación cultural, rompiéndose la tendencia de la europeización de esta política pública. Analizamos desde un enfoque comparado, como la densidad institucional de la educación artística no formal, el sistema formal educativo y el tipo de gobernanza de los equipamientos culturales, determinan, además de los recortes públicos en la cultura, la mayor caída de la participación cultural en el modelo de política cultural sur europeo en relación con los modelos liberal, nórdico y centroeuropeo.
Movilización colectiva, transformación democrática y resistencia contra la crisis y la austeridad en el sur de Europa: La experiencia de Portugal y España
Authors: Matos Ana Raquel , Sabariego Jesús
Published: January 2020

Desde 2011 han acaecido transformaciones sustanciales en el ámbito de los movimientos sociales y las formas de acción colectiva en el mundo. Las “Primavera Árabe” y “Primavera de los movimientos” muestran el carácter global de las mismas. La utilización masiva y exponencial por parte de estas de medios y expresiones digitales, nos permitiría avanzar en la conceptualización de un nuevo sujeto de estudio para la teoría de los movimientos sociales. Los movimientos que tuvieron lugar en España y Portugal resultan paradigmáticos para esta nueva propuesta, que desafía las concepciones dominantes sobre los movimientos sociales en las últimas décadas, a partir de la emergencia de esos nuevos actores políticos y de las nuevas formas de movilización y de activismo, que han contribuido a la redefinición de las relaciones entre el Estado y la sociedad civil, así como de las comprensiones clásicas acerca de la participación política y la democracia.
The role of Sociology in the promotion of actions aimed at social innovation in the Mediterranean area
Authors: Mangone Emiliana
Published: January 2020

The change in contexts and their complexity, especially in the Mediterranean area, has raised the need to start reflecting on modernizing innovative actions able to provide social responses to the real needs of citizens and, moreover, able to combine resources and quality. This is necessary since the expansion of rights is associated with a decreasing public funding capacity. The future challenge will surely be a retrenchment in public spending, orienting it towards the threefold structure of choice (need, preferences, goods) and overcoming of rational choice model (preferences, goods). In a context characterized by these features, the sociological knowledge becomes paramount for reading social phenomena. The role of sociology is to produce “knowledge” through which society can observe the occurring phenomena recognizing their problems, thus allowing for a continuous, ongoing improvement.
Implementación de la nueva guía práctica clínica para la detección y manejo de lesiones precancerosas de cuello uterino en mujeres de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia
Authors: Arbeláez-Vásquez Alejandra , Carreño Claudia , Coñazos-Ramírez Lilyan , Castillo Andres
Published: January 2020

Objetivos del trabajo: Se determinaron los porcentajes de las lesiones precancerosas de cuello uterino en un grupo de mujeres diagnosticadas positivas por la prueba ADN-VPH.Materiales y métodos: El presente estudio es un análisis exploratorio descriptivo transversal de una base de datos con resultados de las pruebas de ADN-VPH (genotipo y tipo de infección), citología y colposcopia, realizadas en 58 mujeres de 30 años o más, para el periodo de octubre del 2018 a febrero del 2019.Resultados: De las 58 mujeres positivas para la prueba ADN-VPH, el 57% (n=33) fueron positivas para la prueba citológica cervical. De este grupo de mujeres fueron diagnosticadas negativas para LEI el 21% (n=7); para LEI-BG el 33% (n=11); y para LEI-AG el 45% (n=15) mediante la prueba de colposcopia. El VPH-16 mostró la mayor frecuencia relativa de detección en las LEI-AG con un 46,7% (n=7). Igualmente, los genotipos que cubre la vacuna Gardasil_4 fueron identificados en mayor porcentaje en las LEI-AG en comparación con los otros tipos histopatológicos diagnosticados, siendo esta asociación estadísticamente significativa, valor de p = 0,033. Conclusiones: La implementación de la nueva guía de práctica clínica para la detección y manejo de lesiones precancerosas de cuello uterino muestra resultados satisfactorios, siendo concordante la detección de ADN-VPH, con la identificación de anormalidades citológicas e histopatológicas, permitiendo la identificación precoz de mujeres en riesgo de desarrollar cáncer cervical.
Conceptualizing Trans Well-being within Transdisciplinarity
Authors: McGregor Sue L. T.
Published: January 2020

After describing conventional approaches to well-being (hedonic and eudaimonic, subjective and objective) and explaining the four philosophical axioms of Nicolescuian transdisciplinarity (TD), this conceptual research paper identified and juxtaposed four alternative approaches to well-being against Nicolescuian TD: social conception, self-transcendent, intra-active, and relational well-being. The notion of prototypical (lay) well-being was also introduced. What might well-being look like within transdisciplinarity? Trans well-being (a new term) would be a process that is situated, contextual and emergent. It would always be unfolding and becoming, arising with and through others. Trans well-being would be a state of being with others (and the environment) and might even be a form of epistemic self-discovery (insights into psyche and self). Upon embracing Nicolescuian TD, perceptions of well-being may have to shift from a state of being to a process of being with others in perpetual evolution.
Papel da inflamação e desregulação neuroendócrina na obesidade
Authors: Calzerra Natália Tabosa Machado , Dias Júlia Rafaella Resende de Almeida , Timani Kevin Ibrahim , Vieira Renata Layne Paixão , Queiroz Thyago Moreira
Published: January 2020

A obesidade é uma condição patológica na qual há um aumento do volume do tecido adiposo, esse estado possui etiologia multifatorial e complexa, além de ser fator de risco para algumas doenças, como diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e hipertensão arterial. Esta revisão tem como objetivo abordar os mecanismos inflamatórios e neuroendócrinos envolvidos na obesidade. A pesquisa corresponde a uma revisão de literatura de caráter descritivo, baseada em artigos científicos, livros e periódicos, com os seguintes descritores: tecido adiposo; sistema imune; citocinas pró-inflamatórias; produção de adipocinas; desregulação energética. No estado obeso, o acúmulo excessivo de gordura causa disfunção do tecido adiposo que contribui para o aumento da inflamação e secreção alterada de adipocinas, gerando desequilíbrio na homeostase energética e corroborando para o surgimento de outros doenças relacionadas com a obesidade. Além disso, a inflamação hipotalâmica tem sido associada à desregulação neuroendócrina, favorecendo desenvolvimento e a progressão da obesidade. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o entendimento dos aspectos inflamatórios envolvidos na obesidade é de extrema importância para compreender os mecanismos da desregulação energética e para auxiliar na prevenção e no tratamento da obesidade.
Cost Centric Data Mining for Radiology Procedures at Teaching Hospital in Malaysia
Authors: Ibrahim Roszita , Mohd Aman Azana Hafizah , Muhd Nur Amrizal , Aljund Syed Mohamed
Published: January 2020

This study explored radiology procedure cost across available units in the Radiology’s Department UKMMC (University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre). In 2011, the total number of radiology procedures carried out in this department was 121,221. Nevertheless, the estimating expenses of offering these procedures are not known. An economic evaluation study was employed and cost centric data mining based on costing activity method was used to determine the charge of the procedure in every centre. Information on seven cost parameters was collected for each procedure: human resources, consumables, equipment, reagents, administration, maintenance and utilities. The results of the study show that the highest percentage of cost parameter for the human resource was Radiology (Mobile) 57.5%, the highest percentage of cost parameter for consumables and reagent was EIR (Endovascular International Radiology) Unit 75.8% and Medical Nuclear Unit 68.1% was the highest percentage of cost parameter for reagent. The MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Unit 81.4% was the highest cost parameter for equipment. The most top mean cost procedures were EIR MYR4330 and it was revealed that procedures with the highest difference ratio were procedures in EIR (18.50). Finding of this study is very useful to UKMMC management since it helps to enhance the efficiency of services and reduce unnecessary radiology procedures in patient’s management.
Human Hair as Fiber Reinforced Concrete for Enhancement of Tensile Strength of Concrete
Authors: Kanwal Hummaira , Aslam Muhammad Shahzad , Mughal Tayyaba Latif , Asim Muhammad , Memon Reena Majid
Published: January 2020

FRC (Fibre Reinforced Concrete) is fibrous material which increases its structural integrity, resists to explosive spalling in case of environmental affects, improves mix cohesion, improves ductility, reduces of steel reinforcement requirements and reduces the voids due to good stiffness. It contains short discrete fibres that are uniformly distributed. Mostly, natural fibers are the waste material which may have negative impact on environment. Synthetic fibres include steel fibres and glass fibres but natural fibres are coconut fibres and human hair fibres which tends to vary the properties to concrete. In addition, the character of FRC changes with varying concrete, fibre material, geometries, distribution, orientation and densities. Hair fibre concrete gives a practical, cost-effective and convenient method to avoid cracks and deficiencies regarding strength and proper mixing ratio which occurs at a longer period. Fibres have been used to reduce plastic shrinkage and drying shrinkage in concrete. In some structural elements, fibrous concrete can be used to reduce the cost of structure. Different fibres are used to improve the tensile strength of concrete. Human hair are strong in tension. Hair fibres can be utilized as a strengthening material. Hair fibre is a non-decay able matter and available at a cheap rate. Experiments have been performed on fibrous concrete cylinders containing various percentages of human hair which is 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% by the weight of cement. A total of seventy-two cylinders have been prepared with FRC having different %ages of hair content. Workability, compressive strength and split tensile strength have been checked at three curing ages i.e. 7, 14 and 28 days. This research will open a new wicket in the horizon of reuse of waste material efficiently in construction industry. This innovation in construction industry will save our natural resources and use fibre in productive and an effective approach.
Critical Risk Factors of Construction Industry of Pakistan for Improving Project Outcome
Authors: Farid Waqas , Kureshi Nadeem Ishaq , Babar Suqrat , Mahmood Shahid
Published: January 2020

The aim of this paper is to identify various risk factors faced by construction industry during execution phase of the project. Relevant published literature was studied for the identification of the risk factors and professionals from the local construction industry of Pakistan were asked to rank these risk factors as per their impact on the local projects. Qualitative risk analysis was conducted using the RII (Relative Importance Index) scores and risk scores were calculated. To improve the quality of construction key risk factors highly influencing the local construction industry of Pakistan were identified. Amongst these factors, Construction delays due to unforeseen impediments, payment delays from Client and unreasonable and inflexible decisions were the crest causes highly influencing the project outcome. The top ten risks faced at projects in Pakistan were listed, discussed and conclusions were drawn.
Effects of Ti doping on the electrochemical performance of (La0.75Sr0.25)(Mn0.5Cr0.5)O3-δ anode for solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Karim Afizul , Abdalla Abdalla , Park Jun-Y. , Petra Pg , Azad Abul
Published: January 2020

Single phase La0.75Sr0.25Mn0.5Cr0.5-xTixO3-?(LSCMT, 0 ? x ? 0.3) perovskites
were investigated as possible anode material for solid oxide fuel cells with
yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte. LSCMT samples were synthesized
by solid state reaction method and sintered at 1500?C in air. Rietveld
refinement of X-ray powder diffraction data show that the LSCMT materials
crystallize in the rhombohedral symmetry with R?3C space group. The cell
parameters of the sample with 10 at.% of Ti (x = 0.1) were: a = b =
5.5125(4)?; c = 13.3397(6)?; ? = 90?; ? = 90?; ? = 120?. The scanning
electronmicroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of sufficient porosity
(about 35%). Symmetrical LSCMT|YSZ|LSCMT cell configurations with different
Ti-doping (x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) and good interface without delamination
between the two materials, even after reduction process, were also prepared.
Ti doping was very effective in reducing the interfacial polarization
resistance with the lowest value of 0.22W?cm2 and conductivity of 0.23 S/cm
in 5% H2/Ar at 800 ?C. The obtained results suggest that Ti doping can
substantially improve electrochemical performance of
(La0.75Sr0.25)(Mn0.5Cr0.5)O3-? ceramics.
Role of interfacial charge transfer process in the graphene-ZnO-MoO3 core-shell nanoassemblies for efficient disinfection of industrial effluents
Authors: Ajay Rakkesh , Durgalakshmi Dhinasekaran , Karthe Ponnuraj , Balakumar Subramanian
Published: January 2020

A combined wet chemical strategy was adopted to fabricate size controllable
ZnO-MoO3 core-shell nanostructures by varying the surface potential in the
reaction medium. The layered MoO3 was adsorbed on the surface of ZnO
particles by electrostatic interaction and simultaneously anchored onto
graphene nanosheets (GNS) by chemical bonds. The sunlight induced
photocatalytic phenomena of the GNS-ZnO-MoO3 hybrid nanoassemblies have been
examined by photodegradation of harmful organic pollutant. As a result, the
as-synthesized GNS-ZnO-MoO3 hybrid nanoassemblies showed a better
photocatalytic performance towards acridine orange dye (AO). The efficient
photocatalytic performance was due to the interfacial charge transfer
processes between GNS and ZnO-MoO3 that improves the electronic conductivity
of the hybrid nanostructure. Moreover, the chemical bonds formed between the
MoO3 shells and GNS efficiently hinder the recombination loss of
photogenerated charges. This synthesis strategy was very simple, effective
and can be extended to assembling other ternary nanostructures with enhanced
photodegradation performance.
Giant dielectric response in microwave processed CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics: A correlation among microstructure, dielectric and impedance properties
Authors: Samanta Buddhadev , Nanda Dipika , Kumar Pawan , Sahu Rashmirekha , Swain Sujata , Mahapatra Apurba
Published: January 2020

Polycrystalline CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics was synthesized by microwave
assisted solid-state reaction. Effect of sintering at different temperatures
on the crystal structure, dielectric and impedance properties was
investigated in detail. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction data
identified that crystal structure was a mixture of cubic CCTO and monoclinic
CuO phases. Lattice parameters and amount of CuO secondary phase were also
estimated as a function of sintering temperature. Microstructural
investigation confirmed the existance and successive increase of the melted
phase near the grain boundary region with increasing temperature of
sintering. Cu-rich nature of the melted phase was further confirmed by
selective area EDX spectra. Dielectric and impedance properties were studied
as a function of frequency (100Hz to 1MHz) and temperature (room temperature
to 300?C). Improvement in dielectric properties as a function of sintering
temperature (1000 to 1050?C) was explained in terms of reduction in grain
boundary dimension due to the successive increase in Cu-rich melted phase.
However, dielectric constant started falling when sintered at 1075?C, which
may be accounted in terms of segregation of large amount of CuO phase after
a certain temperature and hence a non-stoichiometry of Cu in CCTO lattice.
Impedance data were modelled by equivalent electrical circuits to
investigate different contributions of electrically heterogeneous systems.
In addition, probable relaxationmechanism has been discussed on the basis of
impedance and modulus data. Activation energies were calculated from
different characterizations and a non-Debye-type relaxation phenomena were
observed. In this work, an attempt is made to build up a correlation among
synthesis procedure, sintering temperature, dielectric, impedance and
microstructural properties.
Extreme pressure conditions of bas based materials: Detailed study of structural changes, band gap engineering, elastic constants and mechanical properties
Authors: Zagorac Dejan , Zagorac Jelena , Doll Klaus , Cebela Maria , Matovic Branko
Published: January 2020

A Density Functional Theory (DFT) study has been performed in order to
investigate behaviour of barium sulfide (BaS) at high pressures, and
relationship between computed properties, in great detail. Novel predicted
and previously synthesized BaS modifications have been calculated using
Local Density Approximations (LDA) and Generalized Gradient Approximation
(GGA) functionals. In particular, a detailed investigation of structural
changes and its corresponding volume effect up to 100GPa, with gradual
pressure increase, has been performed from the first principles. Band gap
engineering of the experimentally observed BaS phases at high pressures has
been simulated and structure-property relationship is investigated. For each
of the predicted and experimentally observed BaS structures, elastic
constants and mechanical properties under compression have been investigated
(e.g. ductility/brittleness, hardness, anisotropy). This study offers a new
perspective of barium sulphide as a high pressure material with application
in ceramics, optical and electrical technologies.
Structure and dielectric studies of (1-x)Ba0.06(Na0.5Bi0.5)0.94TiO3- xBa(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3 lead-free ceramics
Authors: Roy Sumit , Singh Satyendra , Mukherjee Sanat , Prasad Kamal
Published: January 2020

In this work, the effects of Ba(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3 (BFN) addition on the structure
and dielectric behaviour of Ba0.06(Na0.5Bi0.5)0.94TiO3 (BNBT) ceramics have
been reported. The lead-free (1-x)BNBT-xBFN (where 0 ? x ? 1.0)
solid-solutions were synthesized by traditional ceramics fabrication
technique and sintered at temperatures up to 1325?C. The X-ray diffraction
peaks of the compounds of the entire series were indexed. It is found that
the crystal structure of the obtained solid solutions changed from
rhombohedral (R3c) to cubic (Pm3m) with an increase in BFN content. The
Fourier transformed infrared and Raman spectra also confirmed the formation
of solid-solutions. SEMstudies were carried out to evaluate the purity and
microstructure of the fabricated ceramics. The dependence of phase
transition broadening, phase transition temperature and dielectric
parameters with compositional changes were also studied.
Processing and properties of pure antiferromagnetic h-YMnO3
Authors: Pocuca-Nesic Milica , Marinkovic-Stanojevic Zorica , Cotic-Smole Patricia , Dapcevic Aleksandra , Tasic Nikola , Brankovic Goran , Brankovic Zorica
Published: January 2020

Yttrium manganite (YMnO3) is widely investigated multiferroic material with
potential use in many technological applications. In this paper, we report
on the preparation and characterization of multiferroic hexagonal YMnO3
ceramics obtained by chemical synthesis route. Precursor powders were
prepared by the polymerizable complex method from citrate precursors. After
calcination at 900?C the powders contained mixture of Y-Mn-O phases which
were further sintered at different temperatures. XRD analysis revealed that
sintering at 1400?C resulted in the formation of pure hexagonal YMnO3.
Density of the obtained ceramics was 96%TD. The ceramic samples proved to
have multiferroic properties - they are antiferromagnetic below 42K with
linear dependence of magnetization as a function of applied magnetic field.
The ferroelectric measurements performed at room temperature showed remanent
polarization of 0.21 ?C/cm2 and the coercive field of 6.0 kV/cm for the
YMnO3 sample sintered at 1400?C. The magnetization curves measured at 2 and
5 K for the powder samples calcined at 900?C and ceramic samples sintered
at 1300?C exhibited a hysteresis loop due to a small concentration of Mn3O4
in the samples.
RESENHA: “A ESCOLA COMO CULTURA: EXPERIÊNCIA, MEMÓRIA E ARQUEOLOGIA”
Authors: Gonçalves Lucas Henrique Silva , Gomes Marineide De Oliveira
Published: January 2020

A presente resenha conta sobre o texto de Escolano Benito, um pesquisador espanhol da área da educação. Seu pensamento relaciona-se ao de outros autores e são problematizados. Seu conceito de Cultura Escolar e as demais culturas que a compõem são relacionados a pesquisas sobre o sentido e a função da escola.
El sabio camino hacia la felicidad: Diógenes de Enoanda y el gran mural epicúreo de Carlos García Gual
Authors: Santos Rogério Lopes
Published: January 2020

O presente trabalho consiste em uma resenha da obra 'El sabio camino hacia la felicidad: Diógenes de Enoanda y el gran mural epicúreo', de Carlos García Gual.
NEO-HUMANISMO E PROUT: TENSÕES ENTRE O MUNDO POLÍTICO E A FILOSOFIA ESPIRITUAL DE SHRII SHRII ÁNANDAMÚRTI
Authors: Stockler Leonardo
Published: January 2020

Este artigo pretende examinar e expor alguns elementos do pensamento do líder espiritual indiano Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar, também conhecido como Shrii Shrii Ánandamúrti, tomando como ponto de partida a classificação sistemática de sua organização religiosa, a Ananda Marga, elaborada pelo Estudo de Viena.Segundo a classificação, o movimento religioso alternativo criado por Ánandamúrti se relaciona com a sociedade a partir de um desejo de mudança do mundo. Ánandamúrti, enquanto líder espiritual e mestre tântrico, proferiu muitos discursos e produziu uma obra volumosa, tendo sintetizado alguns dos seus princípios naquilo que denominou neo-humanismo, e na democracia econômica do PROUT (Progressive Utilization Theory), onde projetou um modelo econômico-social futuro. Estas ideias orientam a ação das associações fundadas por ele, dentre elas a Associação Para a Ciência Intuitiva Ananda Marga, e a AMURT (Ananda Marga Universal Relief Team), a primeira servindo para o autoconhecimento e evolução espiritual dos seres humanos, e a segunda atuando como equipe de serviços humanitários em zonas de desastre. O objetivo do artigo consiste em observar a situação de tensão entre o mundo político e as orientações subjacentes ao conteúdo filosófico das organizações criadas pelo guru. O argumento projetado aqui sugere que, num contexto de agravamento das crises ecológicas e sociais, a propagação da espiritualidade erigida pela Ananda Marga se desenvolve precisamente sobre esta tensão.
A varíola em Portugal no século XVI, a partir dos comentários médicos de Garcia Lopes: transmissão, sintomas e tratamento
Authors: Oliveira Emília Maria Rocha de
Published: January 2020

Resumo Atualmente conhecemos por exantema um conjunto de erupções cutâneas que costumam acompanhar doenças infeciosas de maior ou menor gravidade, tais como o sarampo, a escarlatina, a rubéola, o eritema infecioso (ou quinta doença), o exantema súbito (ou roséola infantil) e a varicela. A varíola, que haveria de ser dada como erradicada no último quartel do século XX, fazia parte da realidade sanitária portuguesa no século XVI, preocupando os especialistas e atemorizando a população em geral. O médico cristão-novo Garcia Lopes, à semelhança de outros colegas de profissão, não ficou alheio a essa realidade. No livro Commentarii de uaria rei medicae lectione (Antuérpia, 1564), que dedicou ao comentário sobre doenças várias e seu tratamento, o humanista portalegrense, apoiado no seu conhecimento e experiência enquanto clínico, tece considerações sobre a transmissão, os sintomas e o tratamento daquela enfermidade, confrontando-as com o parecer quer de outros médicos seus contemporâneos, como Girolamo Fracastoro, precursor da Microbiologia, quer de insignes autores da Antiguidade, como Galeno. Recorrendo ao método da análise de conteúdo de alguns excertos da obra de Garcia Lopes, procuraremos dar conta do pensamento do médico quinhentista acerca da varíola, para chegarmos a conclusões sobre a forma como, segundo ele, a doença se transmitia, manifestava e devia ser tratada.Palavras-chave: Varíola, Garcia Lopes, História da Medicina Abstract We now know of exanthem as a set of rashes that often accompany infectious diseases of greater or lesser severity, such as measles, scarlet fever, rubella, erythema infectiosum (or fifth disease) roseola infantum (or sixth disease) and varicella. Smallpox, which was to be eradicated in the last quarter of the twentieth century, was part of the Portuguese social-sanitary reality in the sixteenth century, worrying the specialists and frightening the population. The new Christian physician Garcia Lopes, like other colleagues in his profession, was not unaware of this reality. In the book Commentarii de uaria rei medicae lectione (Antwerp, 1564), which he devoted to the commentary on various diseases and their treatment, the humanist from Portalegre, based on his knowledge and experience as a clinician, presents considerations about the transmission, symptoms and treatment of that disease, confronting them with the opinion of medical peers of his day, such as Girolamo Fracastoro, precursor of Microbiology, or of renowned authors of Antiquity, such as Galen. Using the method of content analysis of some excerpts from Garcia Lopes' work, we will attempt to provide an account of the opinion of the 16th century physician on smallpox in order to come to conclusions on how the disease, according to him, was transmitted, manifested and should be treated. Keywords: Smallpox, Garcia Lopes, History of Medicine
AGOSTINHO DA SILVA DIVULGADOR DE CIÊNCIA E CIENTISTA
Authors: Briosa e Mota Helena
Published: January 2020

ResumoDe estudante sem grandes resultados a aluno de excelência, Agostinho da Silva, uma das personalidades que marcou o século XX português e lusófono, lembra ter sido despertado para o prazer do saber aos dez anos pelo professor de geografia. Daí à concretização de uma obra incomparável de reflexão e divulgação cultural em todas as áreas do saber, com particular incidência na científica, foi um passo. Da geografia à astronomia, geologia, antropologia, botânica, mineralogia, zoologia e entomologia, da literatura de viagens à religião e biografias de sábios, de tudo encontramos nas Palestras Radiofónicas, nos Cadernos de Divulgação Cultural e nas biografias que escreve sobre os que dedicaram a vida à investigação e à Ciência. Partindo do conhecimento e da investigação científica, evolui para a divulgação do conhecimento de forma interactiva, colocando as diferentes áreas do saber em conexão, demonstrando que nada, neste mundo, funciona ou existe por si só. Eis o ponto de partida para a nossa reflexão: de que forma pode o paradigma educacional da interligação entre várias áreas promover com êxito a disseminação do saber, em concreto do saber científico? Pelo exemplo e pela prática, Agostinho da Silva dá a resposta. Adicionalmente, conheceremos o trabalho do cientista-investigador no Instituto Oswaldo-Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Palavras-chave: Agostinho da Silva – divulgação cultural – ciência – estudos científicos – Instituto Oswaldo-Cruz Abstract Agostinho da Silva, one of the personalities who left an impressive mark on the cultural life of the Portuguese speaking countries in the 20th century, was a mediocre student at the age of 10, who soon evolved to a straight A student, thanks to his Geography teacher. After his graduation with honours and summa cum laude PhD, he produced a multi-volume work recognized as one of the most significant academic achievements of spreading knowledge in Portugal to those who couldn’t afford education or culture. In particular, we’ll discuss Da Silva’s contribution to the dissemination of scientific knowledge by means of a radio program, together with a collection of booklets ranging from geography to geology, anthropology, botany, mineralogy, zoology and entomology, from travel literature and religion to biographies of men and women who dedicated their lives to science investigation. From scientific information to research results, Da Silva evolves to the notion of interactive knowledge. In fact, he gives evidence that all knowledge fields are connected. That’s the starting point for our reflection: how can this educational paradigm affect today’s way of encouraging scientific studies? In addition, we’ll present Da Silva’s work as a researcher and a scientist at Oswaldo-Cruz Institute in Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Keywords: Agostinho da Silva – cultural and scientific promotion – scientific studies – Oswaldo-Cruz Institute
Análise da Introdução do livro de Marie Curie “Traité de Radioactivité”
Authors: Soares Vitor , Kisfaludy Adriana Bispo dos Santos , Marques Deividi Marcio
Published: January 2020

ResumoEste trabalho tem como objetivo a análise da introdução do livro “Traité de Radioactivité” publicado em 1910 na França e foi escrito por Marie Curie. No capítulo de introdução, Madame Curie traz importantes ideias e conceitos referentes a radioatividade, sobre a descoberta deste fenômeno, constituição e natureza das partículas subatômicas, a presença do gás hélio em processos radiativos e as formas de emanação do rádio. Os comentários sobre essa introdução serão feitos de modo a elucidar algumas ideias que eram aceitas naquela época, sobretudo, na ideia da constituição da matéria. Será́ mostrado, também, os conceitos advindos de outros físicos, sobretudo de Ernest Rutherford, que pesquisaram sobre as diferentes formas de radiação e suas controvérsias. Além dessas questões históricas, o trabalho pretende abordar a importância da interface entre a História da Ciência e o Ensino de Ciências e como este material pode ser incorporado na pratica docente da Educação Básica. Palavras-chave: Radioatividade; gás hélio; emanação; História da Ciência. Abstract This paper aims to analyze the introduction of the book “Traité de Radioactivité” published in 1910 in France and was written by Marie Curie. In the introductory chapter, Madame Curie brings important ideas and concepts concerning radioactivity, about the discovery of this phenomenon, constitution and nature of subatomic particles, the presence of helium gas in radioactive processes and the forms of emanation of radio. Comments on this introduction will be made in order to elucidate some ideas that were accepted at that time, especially the idea of the constitution of the subject. It will also be shown the concepts coming from other physicists, especially Ernest Rutherford, who researched the different forms of radiation and their controversies. In addition to these historical issues, the paper intends to address the importance of the interface between the History of Science and Science Teaching and how this material can be incorporated into the teaching practice of Basic Education. Keywords: Radioactivity; helium gas; emanation; History of Science.
Caracterização de modelos sobre Tectónica de Placas em manuais escolares no ensino da Geologia
Authors: Faustino Paula , Callapez Pedro , Rola Ana , Gomes Elsa
Published: January 2020

Resumo Neste estudo foi feita uma caracterização de modelos sobre a Tectónica de Placas, de acordo com a sua tipologia e função, presentes em manuais de Geologia, do ensino secundário e do 1.o ciclo do ensino superior, utilizados em Portugal. Os resultados indicam que, quanto à tipologia, os manuais apresentam poucos elementos sobre História da Ciência. No entanto, a diversidade de modelos presente nos manuais, relativamente à sua função, deve facilitar o ensino e aprendizagem da Tectónica de Placas, numa perspetiva holística e construtivista, contribuindo significativamente para a melhoria do nível de literacia científica do aluno. Palavras-chave: Modelos de ensino; Tipologia e função; Ensino secundário e superior.Abstract This study deals with the characterization of Plate Tectonics models according to their typology and function, from school textbooks of Geology used in secondary and higher education in Portugal. The results of a typological analysis suggest that all these textbooks contain few elements about History of Science. However, when their function is concerned, the diversity of models should facilitate the teaching and learning of Plate Tectonics in a holistic and constructivist perspective, being a significant contribute to improve the scientific literacy of the student. Keywords: Teaching models; Typology and function; Secondary and higher education.
A Evolução da Análise de Sinais Biomédicos no Auxílio ao Diagnóstico Clínico
Authors: Leite Argentina , Pereira Luís Torres , Ricardo Sandra
Published: January 2020

Resumo A análise de sinais biomédicos desempenha, atualmente, um papel fundamental no auxílio ao diagnóstico clínico. Os avanços científicos multiplicam-se a um ritmo frenético numa sociedade cada vez mais consciente e desejosa de soluções para os problemas de saúde. Este trabalho pretende dar uma perspetiva histórica dos avanços no estudo dos sinais biomédicos e refletir a sua importância na sociedade.Palavras-chave: Sinais Biomédicos; diagnóstico clínico; avanços Abstract Currently the biomedical signal analysis plays a fundamental role in helping clinical diagnosis. Scientific advances multiply at a frenetic pace in a society that is increasingly aware of and desirous of solutions to health problems. The need for constant updating of the means of clinical diagnosis is necessary to meet the demands of the world today. This work intends to give a historical perspective of advances in the biomedical signal study and to reflect its importance in society. Keywords: Biomedical Signal analysis, clinical diagnosis, scientific advances
DUAS ABORDAGENS PARA A SOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS: SOFTWARE E HISTÓRIA DA CIÊNCIA.
Authors: Borges Paulo F , Coelho Ricardo Lopes
Published: January 2020

ResumoNosso objetivo é fornecer aos estudantes de física e engenharia dois caminhos - formal e conceitual - para resolução de problemas, e aos estudantes de cursos de outras áreas uma estratégia mais intuitiva e mais fácil de memorizar no longo prazo. Para atingir este objetivo o mesmo problema - a máquina de Atwood composta com quatro corpos - é abordado de duas formas diferentes. A abordagem formal enfoca a obtenção das equações de movimento usando a segunda lei de Newton, as restrições geométricas ou vínculos e um software de computação algébrica. A abordagem conceitual consiste em uma transferência de conhecimento da máquina de Atwood convencional. Neste caso, o raciocínio desenvolvido para resolver o problema é o mesmo que o usado para a máquina simples, só que aplicado mais de uma vez. O mesmo vale para o uso do princípio de Gauss, tal como era compreendido durante o século XIX. Um exemplo numérico mostrará que todas as abordagens levam ao mesmo resultado. Palavras-chave: máquina de Atwood; Newton; Gauss; física conceitual; habilidades formais. Abstract The aim of the present study is to provide Physics and Engineering students with two paths regarding problem solving and non-physics students with a more intuitive solving strategy and easier to memorize in the long term. To achieve this goal, the same problem is approached in two different ways: one, formal and the other, conceptual. The problem is the compound Atwood machine with four bodies. The formal approach focuses on obtaining the equations of motion using Newton's second law, stresses the role of geometric constraints and uses an algebraic computation software. The conceptual approach consists of a knowledge transfer from the simple Atwood machine problem. In this case, the thinking process for solving the compound machine problem is the same as for the simple one but it is applied more than once. The same goes for the use made of the Gauss principle, as it was understood in the 19th century. A numerical example will show that all approaches lead to the same result. Keywords: Atwood machine; Newton; Gauss; conceptual Physics; formal skills
ELECTRO METALLURGICA BRASILEIRA: HISTÓRIA DA CIÊNCIA E DA TÉCNICA COMO OBJETO DE ESTUDO E DE ENSINO
Authors: Brino Marcelo Luis de , Gonçalves Pedro Wagner , Chiozzini Daniel Ferraz , Sicca Natalina Aparecida Laguna
Published: January 2020

Resumo Este trabalho considera a História da Ciência como campo multidimensional que pode contribuir para interconectar diferentes disciplinas por meio da integração curricular. O ponto de partida do ensino e da aprendizagem contextualizados foi a história da Electro Metallurgica Brasileira, foi um empreendimento que reuniu cafeicultores e ações governamentais para criar uma siderúrgica em Ribeirão Preto, interior de São Paulo na década de 1920. A história dessa usina mostra os desafios e as tomadas de decisão diante das controvérsias tecnológicas da época quanto ao uso de alto forno elétrico, melhor combustível e redutor (carvão mineral ou vegetal), bem como a localização da siderúrgica. Dois engenheiros (João Pandiá Calógeras e Luis Felipe Gonzaga de Campos) com forte formação geológica e metalúrgica tiveram papel de importante na definição e orientação de políticas de desenvolvimento industrial mas divergiam quanto às melhores opções para criar a siderurgia nacional. A discussão dessas controvérsias ajuda a compreender que o desenvolvimento científico não é progressivo, nem linear embora esteja vinculado a necessidades tecnológicas e econômicas. Palavras-chave: História da Ciência, Ensino de Ciências, História da Técnica, siderurgia, História do Brasil AbstractHistory of science is a multidimensional area of knowledge in order to connect different disciplines upon a curricular integration. The point of start to situate the teaching and the learning is the technological history of the iron and steel enterprise of Ribeirao Preto steelworks happened in 1920’s years. The coffee farmers and government authorities promoted the effort to create the steelworks in the county of the country. The challenge was to choose by the kind of industrial technology. That time, researchers disagreed about the place, the technique, the kind of fuel which would be used with better utility. Two engineers with a strong geological and metallurgical formation exemplified the technological controversies: João Pandiá Calógeras and Luis Felipe Gonzaga de Campos. They advocated differently on electrical furnace, kind of steel conversor, as well as the place of the enterprise. The main findings shows up the history of science helps to understand the challenges of the past and the controversial side of scientific development. Keywords: history of science, teaching of sciences, history of technic, iron manufacture, history of Brazil
Estórias da História da Matemática
Authors: Ricardo Sandra , Amaral Elza , Macedo Ângela , Correia Elisete
Published: January 2020

Resumo Se perguntassem a um matemático quais as virtudes e os defeitos da Matemática, ouviriam certamente dizer “poupança de esforço” e “satisfação” versus “ansiedade” e “medo”. Neste trabalho vamos contar algumas Estórias da História da Matemática que, em parte, ilustram as três formas de economia em que assenta a Matemática: a ordem, a generalização e a representação concisa. Palavras-chave: Matemática, Estórias, História. Abstract If one asks a mathematician about the virtues and defects of mathematics, the expressions "effort-saving" and "satisfaction" versus "anxiety" and "fear" would certainly appear. In this work, we will tell some Math History Stories, which, in part, illustrate the three forms of economics on which mathematics is based: order, generalization and concise representation. Keywords: Mathematics, Stories, History.
Experiência da Natureza e Educação Científica com Oersted
Authors: Valente Mariana
Published: January 2020

ResumoA educação em ciências também pode contribuir para a fruição do belo natural e desenvolver uma consciência de pertença a um todo. Hans Christian Oersted, admirador de Goethe, de Fichte e de Kant, desenvolveu uma mundividência muito singular onde a Física está no cerne de emoções estéticas na experiência do mundo. O sentido da importância de experimentar no pensamento de Oersted, sendo para ele experimentar “a verdadeira arte do físico”, a sua procura de sintonia com a natureza, o seu sentido do belo natural, são dimensões que merecem que se lhes preste atenção. Este trabalho, de natureza reflexiva, em torno destas dimensões, tem como instrumentos de pensamento uma breve incursão a uma experiência educativa, textos de Oersted, um conto de Hans Christian Andersen, textos de historiadores e filósofos da ciência e de investigadores em educação, de entre os quais destaco; Roberto Martins, Robert Brain, Hans Christensen, Yannis Hadzigeorgiou e Roland Schulz, Alfred Whitehead, Isabelle Stengers. As experiências estéticas intensas em Oersted têm subjacente uma ideia, do Romantismo, de coincidência entre as leis da natureza e as leis do pensamento, tornando-nos natureza. Palavras-chave: educação científica, emoção estética, experimentar com Oersted Abstract Science education can also contribute to the fruition of the beautiful in nature and to develop an awareness of belonging to a wholeness. Hans Christian Oersted, admirer of Goethe, Fichte and Kant, has developed a very unique worldview where physics is at the heart of aesthetic emotions in the experience of the world. The sense of the importance of experimenting in Oersted's thought, being for him to experiment “the true art of the physicist”, his pursuit of harmony with nature, his sense of the beautiful natural, are dimensions that deserve our attention. This reflective work around these dimensions has as its thought tools a brief into an educational experience, texts by Oersted, a short story by Hans Christian Andersen, texts by historians and philosophers of science and researchers in education, among which I highlight; Robert Martins, Robert Brain, Hans Christensen, Yannis Hadzigeorgiou and Roland Schulz, Alfred Whitehead, Isabelle Stengers. Oersted's intense aesthetic experiences underlie an idea from Romanticism; the coincidence between the laws of nature and the laws of thought, making us feel nature. Keywords: science education, aesthetic emotion, experiment with Oersted