bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Viewpoint
Authors: Kamen Ruth
Published: July 2016

Architecture, the focus of this issue, is held to be the ‘mother of the arts’. It is also referred to as the ‘queen of the decorative arts’. But in the family of art libraries and art librarianship, architecture is often a neglected stepchild. So I welcome the invitation extended in this issue of the Art Libraries Journal to the ‘Cinderella of the arts’, and hope that her appearance at the art ball will extend beyond midnight.

Over the past quarter of a century or so that I have been an architectural librarian, I have sometimes wondered why architecture libraries are isolated from their sister libraries in the world of art and design, and why architecture libraries and librarians feel the need to separate themselves from their art and design siblings. Is it because the art community is uncomfortable with architecture? If so, is this because architecture is outside the mainstream of art education or art history teaching? Or is it because architecture libraries are generally part of professional institutes, schools of architecture or architectural firms, whose concerns and affiliations may have more in common with the engineering sciences (civil, structural, materials, environmental), the building and construction industries, urban and landscape design, town and country planning, and estate, project and business management, than with the more scholarly and historical focus of art libraries in museums and universities?
ABBA: the Spanish Association of Architectural Librarians and Libraries
Authors: Sangenís Conxita
Published: July 2016

The ABBA (Asociación de Bibliotecarios y Bibliotecas de Arquitectura, Construcción y Urbanismo) brings together about 50 librarians and 40 libraries of quite different types. There are university libraries, government libraries, and the libraries of associations of architects; there are large libraries with extensive resources, and small libraries with very small budgets. The only thing they have in common is their speciality (architecture, building and town and country planning) and the kind of user they serve (architects and architecture students.
Artists in Canada: a national resource1
Authors: Beglo Jo Nordley , Campbell Cyndie
Published: July 2016

Artists in Canada is a bilingual union list of documentation files on Canadian artists held by the National Gallery of Canada Library, and by 22 libraries and art galleries across the country. More than 42,700 artists are represented, with biographical information as well as locations for files. Originally compiled manually, Artists in Canada has been automated since the late 1970s and, as well as appearing in print format, has been accessible internationally on the World Wide Web since 1995.
The event that got away and how to catch it (researching ephemeral art)
Authors: Wark Jayne
Published: July 2016

As the underpinnings of High Modernism were everywhere being called into question in the 1950s and 1960s, the art world endeavoured to reinvent itself in new ways. For example, the view that meaning in art need not be embodied in static, timeless objects of supposedly universal significance was challenged by the idea of art as time-based, context-specific, or ephemeral. For artists, these changes offered a way to reformulate the art world system in accordance with their vision of what mattered, and thus to diminish the authority of big museums, commercial galleries, and glossy trade magazines, whose main function seemed to be the promotion of art not as a mode of critical inquiry, but as a luxury product for ‘Establishment’ elites.
eBay as BHA? New paradigms for researching the ephemeral
Authors: Donohue Deirdre
Published: July 2016

It is a paradox that the most visual method for storing and disseminating information, the Internet, continues to be unsatisfactory for the practice of researching visual culture in any scholarly or even thorough way, despite its advances within other areas of inquiry.
Toward an international art library: the growth of the Research Library at the Getty Research Institute, 1979-2002
Authors: Allen Susan M.
Published: July 2016

The Getty Research Institute (GRI) is one of four programs of the J. Paul Getty Trust, an international cultural and philanthropic institution devoted to the visual arts, all of which reside at the Getty Center situated high on a beautiful hilltop in Brentwood, California. (The other programs of the Getty Trust are the J. Paul Getty Museum, the Getty Conservation Institute, and the Getty Grant Program.) From the beginning it was understood that the GRI would develop a research program in the discipline of art history and more generally the humanities, and that a library would support its work. Since its founding the GRI has, in fact, developed a major library as one of its programs alongside those for scholars, publications, exhibitions and a multitude of lectures, workshops and symposia for scholars, students and the general public. What is now known as the Research Library at the GRI has grown to be a significant resource and this article focuses on its history, the building that houses it, its collections and databases, and access to them all.
The Virtueller Katalog Kunstgeschichte as a tool for international co-operation
Authors: Hoyer Rüdiger
Published: July 2016

The Virtueller Katalog Kunstgeschichte (VKK) is a specialized search engine based on the technique of the perhaps better-known Karlsruher Virtueller Katalog. It is an initiative of the working group formerly known as AKB, the Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Kunstbibliotheken, comprising the German art libraries funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. The VKK has functioned since September 1999. Currently, almost all AKB members, in other words the most important German art libraries, are among the target systems. Together, the target systems already offer far more than 1.6 million bibliographic records. The newest participant is the union catalogue of one of the most distinguished art historical networks, the IRIS Consortium in Florence. The VKK, which has just received a new, multilingual interface, is intended to become a gateway to the OPACs of the most important libraries and networks on an international level, and thus a central tool for specialized art historical research. This paper is also an invitation for potential new international partners.
Dyslexia is everywhere: what does your library do?
Authors: Irvall Birgitta , Nielsen Gyda Skat
Published: July 2016

The authors of this article, one from Sweden, the other from Denmark, have recently completed a collaborative project under the IFLA umbrella to produce guidelines for libraries providing services to users suffering from dyslexia. Many artists and art students have problems reading published material, yet art librarians still know far too little about how they can make access easier for them. This new publication stresses the importance of knowledge about dyslexia by all library employees and gives practical help and advice about training staff, producing information materials and setting up web sites.
Ephemera in the art library
Authors: Lawes Elizabeth , Webb Vicky
Published: July 2016

Art libraries acquire a large amount of ephemeral material which creates a unique resource on the history of contemporary art. Librarians have to decide what should be retained, how it should be stored, and how the material can best be accessed. Increasingly there is pressure to digitise in order to promote collections, but how effective this process is in terms of ephemeral material remains a real question. A survey of prominent collections in London and New York has helped to inform future plans for the ephemera held by the library at Chelsea College of Art & Design.
The Scottish Visual Arts Group
Authors: Williamson Hilary
Published: July 2016

The Scottish Visual Arts Group is a relatively young co-operative of art librarians. However there is a significant history to the group, a substantial list of achievements and a whole new future just about to commence.
Research resources in the National Galleries of Scotland
Authors: Furness Jane
Published: July 2016

The National Galleries of Scotland is entering an exciting period of development: phase one of its Playfair Project is due for completion in summer 2003, with the opening of the remodelled Royal Scottish Academy building adjacent to the National Gallery and the exhibition Monet: the Seine & the sea. As well as providing increased gallery, education and visitor facilities, this project also has information technology and access implications for the Archives, Libraries and Reference Section as well as for the commercial Picture Library.
A digital future for slide libraries?
Authors: Godfrey Jenny
Published: July 2016

Higher education in the UK has always needed images, especially in the field of art and design, and institutions have built up their own slide libraries to service that demand. Latterly however it is digital images that are being sought by lecturers and students and numerous products are being produced to accommodate this need. Slide librarians need to educate themselves about these new products and update their skills in order to continue to ensure that their specialist knowledge of image use at higher education level is applied by the new developers.
The sales catalogue project at the Institut national d’histoire de l’art
Authors: Brand Catherine
Published: July 2016

The Institut national d’histoire de l’art in Paris (INHA), whose Library will open in 2008, will have one of the best collections of sales catalogues in the world, already estimated at more than 200,000 items. In 2003, in order to improve access, INHA undertook the retrospective conversion of the records describing this material. The establishment of a committee of librarians and researchers charged with developing the Library’s acquisition policy is providing an opportunity to review the future development of the collection as well as the possibility of creating a worldwide network of information, based in France, in this subject area.
In pursuit of the Holy Grail: the Union Catalog of Art Images (UCAI) as shared cataloging utility
Authors: Barnhart Linda , Cowles K. Esme , Jesena Joseph , Rose Trish , Westbrook Bradley D.
Published: July 2016

The Union Catalog of Art Images (UCAI) is a research and development project located at the University of California, San Diego, and is funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The first phase explored the barriers, both practical and theoretical, to creating a union catalogue and tackled problems such as the mapping of non-standardized metadata to a common record and the ingest of those records into a prototype union catalogue. Two of the biggest challenges were record clustering (using automated techniques to identify duplicate or closely-related records and bring them together), and working with hierarchical records (works and their surrogate images). The second phase, now under way and ending in mid-2005, will move the prototype union catalogue closer to production-level quality.
Cataloguing Cultural Objects: new guidelines for descriptive cataloging
Authors: Lanzi Elisa
Published: July 2016

Cataloguing Cultural Objects (CCO) is a standards-based project developed under the auspices of the Visual Resources Association (VRA). CCO addresses the metadata needs of communities that work with a broad range of artistic or cultural works and associated images of those works. CCO provides guidelines for selecting, ordering and formatting descriptive data used to populate catalog records. This article gives the background to the project and the involvement of the user communities in the development of the guide, as well as describing future directions.
The Buildings at Risk Register for Scotland Online
Authors: Chappell Duncan
Published: July 2016

The Buildings at Risk Register for Scotland provides information on around 1250 buildings of architectural or historic merit that are considered to be at risk. Ranging from large baronial castles to small vernacular farmhouses, or from former factories to redundant churches, all represent considerable restoration opportunities. Established in 1990 by the Scottish Civic Trust on behalf of Historic Scotland, the Register was the first of its kind in the UK and is now emulated nationally. In April 2004, the Scottish Civic Trust embarked upon an exciting new chapter with the launch of www.buildingsatrisk.org.uk.
It is out there . . . but where? The road to online research in art history (the Oxford experience)
Authors: Cooper Grazyna
Published: July 2016

Oxford University’s Learning Technologies Group (LTG) runs workshops at the beginning of every academic year for each new intake of art history graduates. They have evolved over a number of years into a method both of informing students about what is available online in art history, and a means of offering them a strategy for conducting online research. It is notoriously difficult to get students to attend anything smacking of IT and its related subjects. As far as they are concerned, IT is already in their blood, and Google is the main tool for finding the most useful information on any subject. It is certainly difficult to compete with Google – I use it in my work and leisure frequently! However, getting two million hits on any one search and trying to determine who is behind the information found should be cause for serious concern, especially when conducting academic research.
Stock editing: creating guidelines for University of the Arts London
Authors: Cannon Catríona , Christie Pat
Published: July 2016

Editing stock is a challenge for all libraries but this is particularly true in the area of art, design and communication. The authors describe a project in a London-based art, design and communication university, University of the Arts London, to agree on guidelines which would keep stock current and relevant, but at the same time safeguard valuable material for present and future use.
Espacio Fundación Telefónica
Authors: D’Elia Alejandrina
Published: July 2016

The Fundación Telefónica in Buenos Aires, with its mission of contributing to the spread and development of culture and education by means of the new technologies and ensuring equality of opportunity for the whole community, in 2003 opened its cultural centre, the Espacio Fundación Telefónica. The Espacio comprises exhibition spaces, a video-conferencing room, a media laboratory, a cafeteria and a media library with a strong focus on both contemporary art and information and communication technology. It is now facing its next challenge, which is to build up the centre to be the leading local and Latin-American source in its field.
The library of the Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte in Munich
Authors: Hoyer Rüdiger
Published: July 2016

The library of the Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte, although the ‘youngest’ of the three big German art libraries, is today one of the most comprehensive art libraries in the world. It offers a unique combination of open access to the shelves for some 85% of the holdings, which are arranged in classified order, and in-depth subject indexing. Nowadays, the library’s traditional strengths are enhanced by its crucial contributions in the field of national and international online co-operation, above all to the Florence-Munich-Rome union catalogue and the future Virtual Library for Art History.
IRIS: Consortium of Art History and Humanities Libraries in Florence
Authors: Mieli Anna , D’Ambrosio Margaret
Published: July 2016

Florence in Italy, a renowned centre for art and culture, has been called a ‘living museum’ of the Italian Renaissance. Today it is also the site of a co-operative international project bringing the world’s scholarly community access to the bibliographic patrimonies of a group of special art and humanities libraries. The IRIS consortium is a unique resource for art historians, but it is also of value and use for anyone interested in the many aspects of this rich artistic period.
‘Activating the archive’: the Henry Moore Institute Archive, Leeds
Authors: Worsley Victoria
Published: July 2016

A set of papers becomes an archive when its life as a series of active documents is finished and they are deemed worthy of permanent preservation. Archives are not, however, an ending but rather a beginning. Although one of the major functions of a repository is to store and preserve, one of the other challenges for archivists is how to activate their collections and exploit the latent potential of the silent memory that is stored in the boxes. This article outlines how the archive at the Henry Moore Institute is attempting to do this.
The New Bauhaus: an art education for the 21st century
Authors: Frayling Christopher
Published: July 2016

I’ve called this paper ‘The New Bauhaus: an art education for the 21st century’ – and it involves an element of prediction, which is always high risk in the unpredictable worlds of art and design. Let me start, as a cautionary tale and as a curtain-raiser, with the example of a designer who thought he was rather good at looking ahead.
arthistoricum.net: a research environment for the history of art
Authors: Hoyer Rüdiger
Published: July 2016

arthistoricum.net is a new web portal launched by the Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte in Munich and Heidelberg University Library, in cooperation with the Institute for Art History at the Ludwig Maximilian University Munich. Other partners include the Saxon State and University Library in Dresden, and the project is part of the DFG funding programme for virtual subject libraries. The departure point for the portal is the bibliographic tracing and subject indexing of the digital achievements of international art history (websites and online publications). Building upon this core task, the portal’s fundamental purpose is to increase use of these resources and to develop digital working methods.
Dumbarton Oaks Research Library: a 21st-century transformation
Authors: Klos Sheila
Published: July 2016

Leaving a 200-year-old building that was never meant to house a library for a 21st-century facility that strives to address the library’s future needs for 25 years doesn’t seem like a daunting task. But mix together sentimental attachments, institutional idiosyncrasies, federal government review of a private building, historic landmark status, and the administrative merger of four library collections into a single library, and life gets interesting – especially when your architect is Robert Venturi, Mr. ‘Learning from Las Vegas’.
From grand banking hall to the art and design school library of the 21st century
Authors: Terry Carol
Published: July 2016

With a detailed but not site-specific building program, the librarians at Rhode Island School of Design made the case for a new library three times the size of the existing facility. The site became specific with the donation of an early 20th-century grand banking hall. This paper addresses the role of the librarian in the design and construction process and includes an analysis of the way the new library meets the program objectives. In the early 1990’s after several early attempts to resolve the library’s space constraint at Rhode Island School of Design, the librarian was given a useful bit of advice: Stop trying to find the space. You must focus first on the program. What is it that you really need?
A gallery of other major art libraries in Flanders and Brussels
Authors: De Clippeleir Béatrice , Scheltjens Saskia
Published: July 2016

The Rubenianum is an internationally renowned research centre for the study and documentation of 16th- and 17th-century Flemish art, especially art by Peter Paul Rubens, Anthony Van Dyck and Jacob Jordaens the elder. Located next to the historic garden of Rubens House in the centre of Antwerp, it was created in 1947 to house the documentation that was generated during the renovation of the site. In 1963 its collection was considerably enriched by the archives of the art historian Ludwig Burchard. The Rubenianum also houses the ‘Centrum voor de Vlaamse Kunst van de 16e en de 17e eeuw’ which publishes the Corpus Rubenianum. A major project since 2004 has been the digital resource ‘Rubensonline’, which includes all known works by Rubens in public collections in Belgium.
Using the internet to acquire antiquarian books
Authors: Hanselaer Johan
Published: July 2016

Here are some valuable tips for searching the web professionally for antiquarian books, and some helpful quality control for some of the book metasearch engines. It is important to remember that it is much more productive to use one of these engines than simply to use Abebooks. One can also search for books at auctions, although this takes a lot more time since no metasearch engines are currently available.
Perspective: « Documentation sur l’art/contenu local/contexte mondial »
Authors: Beglo Jo Nordley
Published: July 2016

En août 2008, 47 bibliothécaires en art de 11 pays différents ont participé à Montréal (Québec) au congrès préliminaire de l’IFLA 2008 axé sur le thème « Documentation sur l’art/contenu local/contexte mondial ». Organisées par la section d’ARLIS/NA MOQ (Montréal-Ottawa-Québec) et par la Section des bibliothèques d’art de l’IFLA, les activités étaient commanditées par Artexte, Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, le Centre Canadien d’Architecture, la Bibliothèque de l’Université McGill, le Musée d’art contemporain de Montréal et Bibliothèque et Archives du Musée des beaux-arts du Canada.
The art of life online: creating artists’ biographies on the web
Authors: Volker Joye , Coombes Jennifer
Published: July 2016

The World Wide Web has created significant changes in how cultural institutions, including galleries, communicate their role as custodians of cultural content and research. In this paper we discuss a number of initiatives involving the Research Library and curatorial sections at the National Gallery of Australia to bring information about Australian visual arts to an online audience.
Media Centre of the Musée d’art contemporain de Montréal: a research and documentation centre for contemporary art
Authors: Alix Sylvie
Published: July 2016

The Media Centre of the Musée d’art contemporain de Montréal is a typical museum library in terms of collections, activities and services. Despite the experience gained during its 42 years, the Media Centre still faces many challenges, such as expanding its service and conservation areas, and carrying out a complete revamp of its web site in a knowledge portal. However its biggest challenge is ensuring that it continues, every day, to be at the cutting edge of contemporary art.
Don’t fence me in! Reconsidering the role of the librarian in a global age of art and design research
Authors: Gendron Heather
Published: July 2016

When we define society today as a ‘global society’ we are saying that we are, or at least we strive to be, an interconnected society, even more than if we were to say society is ‘worldwide’. In a global society, borders are crossed, and the phrase implies interaction, participation and inclusiveness. Artists and designers, as both a product of a global society and in response to the resulting all-inclusiveness, or ‘globality’, of their respective fields, are prompted to cross two kinds of border: physical and methodological. This paper focuses on the crossing of methodological boundaries and, in addition, recognizes the highly individualized nature of art and design research. This serves as a launch pad to explore the question of how librarians can shape their practice in order to respond better to the needs of contemporary artists and designers.
The Uffizi Library: a collection that documents collections
Authors: Di Benedetto Claudio
Published: July 2016

The Biblioteca degli Uffizi acts as a documentary ‘black box’ for all the notable collecting that has taken place in Florence during the past 500 years. The Library’s collections stretch from the autograph 22-year diary of the 15th-century painter Neri di Bicci and the different editions of Vasari’s Lives of the painters, through the inventories and lists of objects acquired and held successively by the Medici, the House of Hapsburg-Lorraine and the new Italian united kingdom, and to all the memoirs and plans and catalogues of the directors and ‘royal antiquarians’ of the Uffizi Gallery. In addition it contains major works on art history, artists, public and private art collections, exhibitions and many related topics. The Library holds 77,000 printed books and more than 440 manuscripts; its catalogue is shared with the IRIS consortium of art history and humanities libraries and contributes to artlibraries.net through this shared bibliographic database. Several digitisation projects have already been completed or are currently in progress.
The Biblioteca Marucelliana and its database of prints and drawings: a work in progress
Authors: Angeli Monica Maria , Todros Rossella
Published: July 2016

The Biblioteca Marucelliana in Florence is a library specialising in the arts and humanities that has been open to the general public since the middle of the 18th century. Its founder, Francesco Marucelli, willed his large collection of books to the library. In 1783, the last member of the Marucelli family, Francesco di Roberto Marucelli, left the library around 2500 drawings and 30,000 engravings, and these are now being re-catalogued. The first volume of the engravings can already be consulted on a CD called PRISMA, and the records for the drawings, accompanied by digital images, will be put on a database which it is hoped will be available to scholars worldwide in 2010.
Creating a heritage collection: the entry of three private libraries into the Prado Museum Library
Authors: Docampo Javier
Published: July 2016

The library of the Prado Museum has undergone major development in recent years and reached a highpoint with the opening, in 2009, of new premises in the Casón del Buen Retiro. During the past few years three important private libraries have been incorporated into the library and these, taken together with the holdings of early material that already existed and a number of recent acquisitions, have formed an important special collection of some 4500 rare books, mainly on the subject of art history.
The ‘Library Café’: distributing and archiving local culture through a podcast library interview program
Authors: Hill Thomas
Published: July 2016

The author describes a librarian’s effort in community-building in an academic setting, through the development of a podcast radio interview program. The paper addresses the professional rationale for this type of outreach endeavor, the communities served, types of content, the labor involved, tools employed and technical requirements, as well as the question of audience.
Regeneration King’s Cross: the Central Saint Martin’s College of Art relocation project
Authors: Gilmour Sarah
Published: July 2016

Central Saint Martin’s move to a prestigious new site at King’s Cross is part of the most significant redevelopment project in London in the last 150 years. The Library will inhabit a 19th-century grain store, the Granary building, designed by Lewis Cubitt. To date the process of planning the library has included work with base build architects Stanton Williams, the fit out architects Pringle Brandon, library consultants The Design Concept and Embervision, and suppliers Demco.
From dominance to decline? The future of bibliographic discovery, access and delivery
Authors: Flynn Martin
Published: July 2016

It is undoubtedly an appropriate time to promote discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of traditional library cataloguing policies and practices, and to identify some potential improvements for the future. Four major recent reports on the future of library catalogues, produced by some of the key international players in the library world, have come up with remarkably similar conclusions and could provide libraries with some practical guidelines for improvement which enjoy a broad measure of international support in the library world.
Assessing and comparing databases for art history
Authors: Engelstad Svein
Published: July 2016

Working in a large university library provides daily challenges in giving appropriate advice to students and researchers when they search for art history material. One of the biggest of these is how to choose the best databases to use, and the survey described below aimed to provide better information on which to base decisions about which the library should subscribe to. Many libraries face the same problems. What is really covered in the different databases? And how do they communicate with other library systems and electronic resources?
Meta catalogues and search engines: artlibraries.net and the state of the art
Authors: Hoyer Rüdiger
Published: July 2016

artlibraries.net, formerly the VKK, is an international specialised meta catalogue allowing the integrated retrieval of bibliographic records and, should the occasion arise, other objects from distinctive art historical databases. This article analyses artlibraries.net from a functional point of view, but also discusses the cataloguing and subject indexing practice prevailing in art libraries internationally. It aims to identify some parameters for the future of art bibliography.
Valediction: the Nordic contribution to the Bibliography of the history of art
Authors: Kofod-Hansen Elisabeth , Rabben Anne Lise , Isomäki Irmeli , Guðjónsdóttir Elín , Roberts Maud
Published: July 2016

From the 1970s onwards Danish contributions were sent to the international art bibliography published by the Getty Research Institute in Los Angeles. Broader Nordic co-operation began when the Bibliography of the history of art (later the International bibliography of art) was established in 1990. Throughout the next two decades, art libraries in each of the five countries selected key material whose records were then submitted for publication. This collaboration came to an end in 2009 when the Getty announced that it could no longer continue to support the IBA on its own, although it would introduce free access via its website to the data for the years 1975 to 2007.
Imagining the future of art bibliography: using prototypes to evaluate technical approaches
Authors: Shubitowski Joseph , Washburn Bruce
Published: July 2016

Following the FAB Supplemental Meetings held 21-23 June 2010 at the Getty Research Institute (GRI), there was general agreement that two prototype applications should be built to provide new ideas and technical approaches to compare/contrast to the artlibraries.net model. Jim Michalko, Vice President of OCLC Research, agreed that OCLC would build a prototype modeling a group catalog of art history libraries within the OCLC membership, while the GRI committed to building one on a Solr/Lucene platform that combined heterogeneous data sources from some of the FAB members. The resulting prototypes were publicly demonstrated at the artlibraries.net Users Group Meeting in Lisbon in October 2010. Other articles in this issue detail the deficiencies of the current bibliographic model and the information needs of the 21st-century art history scholar. The prototype development was based upon and informed by these issues, and sought to define possible technical solutions to overcome some of these inadequacies. The prototypes must also extend the paradigm of bibliography being contained within an abstracting and indexing construct, and move towards a concept of ‘complete bibliography’.
Brackets and flying commas: UDC in Tate Library
Authors: White Maria
Published: July 2016

Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) is a flexible classification scheme that allows the full expression of the subject of a book. However such flexibility requires decisions to be taken on how to apply and use the schedules. This article discusses the choices made by Tate Library in its implementation of the classification scheme and how the Library has developed UDC for its in-house use, in particular the expansion of the section for modern art.
From Hepworth to Wallis, from the Tamar to Land’s End: Cornwall Art Library flies the flag for Cornish art
Authors: Grice Elizabeth Le
Published: July 2016

How does Cornwall Art Library support the cultural life of a county that is a magnet for tourists but has continuing economic problems? The historical background to the development of the internationally renowned art ‘colonies’ in West Cornwall illustrates how the libraries have become embedded within this history. Various initiatives from Cornwall Council should establish the county as a highly networked, vibrant and creative place, which will contribute to its future regeneration. Can the Library continue to reinvent resources in order to combine with the artistic community as a crucial part of the local economy?
Harvard’s Fine Arts Library: collections and services over 100 years
Authors: Bowen Amanda
Published: July 2016

The Fine Arts Library at Harvard University has served the needs of teaching faculty, art museum staff, art and architectural students, researchers and historians since the founding of the Fogg Art Museum in 1895. Library collections have been enhanced by gifts from faculty, museum publications received on exchange, and by the transfer of arts-related materials from other Harvard libraries. Although founded in the spirit of a museum library, the Fine Arts Library has increasingly developed its collections and services for a wide community of users in fields across the academic spectrum.
Does a decade make a difference? Comparing the web presence of North American art museum libraries and archives in 1999 and 2011
Authors: Abbey Heidi N.
Published: July 2016

The number of North American art museums with a presence on the internet has more than doubled since 1999. This is not surprising given the power of new media to transform the experiences that museum visitors have with our cultural institutions. Every year museums attract thousands of visitors to view, both in person and online, their specialized collections and unique exhibitions. Developing in tandem with these resources and largely unfamiliar to the general, museum-going public, the libraries and archives of these institutions have contributed to the research mission, educational programming, documentary history, and curatorial functions of museums in countless ways. In addition, especially for art historians and other scholars, museum libraries and archives have been and continue to be increasingly valuable for primary and secondary sources, including artists’ correspondence, diaries, sketches, hard-to-find monographs, exhibition records and sales catalogues. What is unclear, however, is the extent to which resources in art museum libraries and archives are being documented, preserved and made accessible online. This research is perhaps the first of its kind to evaluate, on a small scale and during a span of twelve years, the web presence of 22 North American art museum libraries and archives.
Lost in translation: the challenges of multilingualism
Authors: Flynn Martin
Published: July 2016

Art information increasingly operates in a global environment, but does not have the benefit of a lingua franca which some other disciplines enjoy. Art information continues to be generated in a variety of vernacular languages, which limits cross-cultural understanding and exchange. Easy access to cheap, instantaneous and accurate translation would be the ideal but this is unlikely in the foreseeable future. A selection of online initiatives and tools is assessed in this article in an attempt to identify potential trends and opportunities.
Innovative cover design: an exploration of 19th- and early 20th-century publishers’ cloth bindings designs
Authors: Willis Frances
Published: July 2016

The Victoria and Albert Museum’s Renier Collection of Children’s Books provides a rich resource for research into book production as well as social history. Publishers’ cloth bindings have developed in a visually vibrant way that provides clues to the production dates of the books, as well as encouraging reflections on how they were marketed across the Victorian era and early 20th century. Questions also arise, such as, what was the relationship between the reader and cover? How did the cover designs reflect the times in which they were created? And, how different are our paperback era designs to those of the period when cloth was used?
Marquand Library and the Blue Mountain Project
Authors: Brooke Sandra Ludig
Published: July 2016

Princeton University’s Marquand Library of Art and Archaeology is one of the oldest and most extensive art libraries in America. Founder and namesake Allan Marquand was both an art historian and the creator of a ‘logical machine’ that prefigured modern computers. This shared science and humanities heritage is echoed in the Blue Mountain Project, a new digital humanities initiative to which Marquand Library is a major contributor. This article begins with a brief description of the library’s origins and the development of its facilities and collections. It then reports on Blue Mountain, a digital library of the avant-garde that chronicles the emergence of modernity in the literary, visual and performing arts from 1848 to 1923.
SOAS Library: Chinese art and archaeology collection
Authors: Wood Jiyeon
Published: July 2016

Chinese art has always been well-represented within SOAS Library. This article provides an overview of the Chinese art and archaeology collection, highlighting materials that make it unique, from rare books to literati paintings and woodblock prints. As the Library approaches its centenary, some of the issues that have influenced its past, such as limitations of space, are still informing its future. With increasing attention paid to modern and contemporary Chinese art, efforts have been made to build the collection to reflect this emphasis. As it has throughout SOAS’s history, the Library and the Chinese art and archeology collection continue to evolve to reflect new research interests, academic courses and the needs of its users.
Page as alternative space redux: artists’ magazines in the 21 st century
Authors: Senior David
Published: July 2016

In the past few years, several new publications and exhibitions have presented surveys of the genre of artists’ magazines. This recent research has explored the publication histories of individual titles and articulated the significance of this genre within contemporary art history. Millennium magazines was a 2012 exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art that traced the artists’ magazine into the 21st century. The organizers, Rachael Morrison and David Senior of MoMA Library, assembled a selection of 115 international tides published since 2000 for visitors to browse during the run of the exhibition and created a website as a continuing resource for information about the selected tides. The exhibition served as an introduction to the medium for new audiences and a summary of the active community of international artists, designers and publishers that still utilize the format in innovative ways. As these projects experiment with both print and digital media in their production and distribution of content, art libraries are faced with new challenges in digital preservation in order to continue to document experimental publishing practices in contemporary art and design.
The ‘other’ pictures: stock photography in graphic design libraries
Authors: Donaldson Cathy
Published: July 2016

Student graphic designers want fast, easy and cheap access to high-resolution images. As well as using the image-rich art books in their libraries, these students can now use stock photography: those images of cute children, attractive couples, active seniors, funky pets, and preternaturally fresh fruit, plants and flowers that are used to communicate, influence, and sell something, somewhere, to someone.
Public Libraries: After Mediatheques, What Next?
Authors: Bertrand Anne-Marie
Published: July 2016

Public libraries in France are experiencing unprecedented growth: in 25 years (1971-1996) 1,400,000 m of accommodation has been constructed for municipal libraries (an increase from 355,000 m to 1,719,000 m2); staffing has grown from 3,000 employees to 17,000; the number of registered users has risen from 1,182,000 to 6,449,000. For all that, the situation does not give rise to unquestioning optimism. Two concerns exercise librarians and their governing bodies: on one hand the identity of the library, historically complex and currently more and more unsettled; on the other hand economic, technical and political developments which are creating growing tensions between the demands made on libraries and what they can actually supply.
Creating the Artists’ Papers Register
Authors: Tomkins David
Published: July 2016

The Artists’ Papers Register aims to record the papers and primary sources of artists, designers and craftspeople located in publicly accessible collections in the United Kingdom. Ignorance of these primary sources can compromise the quality of art historical study, and it is true that it has until now been difficult to find specific information about much of this material and its location. The history and methodology of the project are explained here, while a number of examples demonstrate the diversity of the material that the Register can be used to locate. Plans for the future development of the Artists’ Papers Register should ensure that primary source material plays an increased and invaluable role in the study of art and design history.
Surfing artist-run centres in Winnipeg, Manitoba
Authors: Valmestad Liv
Published: July 2016

The prairie city of Winnipeg boasts a thriving community of artist-run centres. Profiles of each of these centres, derived partly from their own web sites, provide a virtual tour of this community, whose history, programming, projects and initiatives sustain and promote experimental and contemporary visual culture in the city.
The Hector Library, Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Authors: Woodhouse Nicola
Published: July 2016

The Hector Library started life in 1867 as a science library with a strong geological bent. The establishment of Te Papa, New Zealand’s new national museum, in 1992 led to a merger with the erstwhile National Art Gallery Research Library, renowned for its resources on contemporary art. The enlarged Hector, with dual specialities in art and natural history, is part of the re-designed information package servicing Te Papa visitors (both in person and distant) at the Museum’s new waterfront site which opened to the public in February 1998. This paper outlines the package, focusing on the Hector’s collections and services, and also posits the relevance of its resources in the context of global art documentation.
Dinosaur or dynamic: exchange of art publications in the digital age
Authors: Shaw J. Margaret
Published: July 2016

Publications exchange has long been an accepted part of the acquisition process for many art libraries, particularly art museum libraries. A recent survey suggests that, in the digital environment, this may not continue. What will take its place?
Classification schemes in art libraries in the United Kingdom
Authors: Currier Sarah
Published: July 2016

Subject access to physical or electronic resource collections can be divided into two complementary areas: searching and browsing. Searching involves the use of subject headings, indexing terms from a controlled vocabulary, or natural language keywords. Browsing, whether along a shelf or through a subject tree on the Web, requires the application of some kind of taxonomy or classification scheme. This article looks at what class schemes art libraries are using to arrange their book collections in the UK today. Based on an informal survey via the ARLIS e-mail discussion list, it appears that the Dewey Decimal Classification is not only the most commonly used class scheme, but the one most art libraries choose when they reclassify their library.
Visual Arts Data Service: not just a pretty interface
Authors: Purdy Phill
Published: July 2016

‘Oh no, not another image database to review!’ That was a familiar thought that often crossed my mind when I was studying Computer Applications for the History of Art, and now I find myself responsible for a national image repository and have to subject audiences far and wide to it. However, I’d like to think this one is a little bit special and pretty unique, even on a global scale, particularly because it is essentially a community-produced resource, ensconced within a ‘total-service’ philosophy and environment. Although other parties, primarily within UK higher education, create the database’s informational and image content, VADS ‘standards and good practice’ guidance often supports the creation of that content. This holistic methodology aims to facilitate a smooth process from resource planning to delivery, providing many benefits to both data creators and end-users.
The political and social significance of loan collections of works of art
Authors: Bolay Karl H.
Published: July 2016

Access to original works of art is a human right which cannot be adequately provided for by art galleries. Loan collections of original works of art should be thought of as a logical extension of the lending, by libraries, of books and media. In Sweden over sixty libraries include collections of this kind. (A translation of an article which first appeared in Biblioteksbladet 1976, volume 61 no.4 pp. 56-60).
The Lipperheide Costume Library
Authors: Wagner Gretel
Published: July 2016

Founded on the collection of the fashion magazine publisher Franz Lipperheide, the Costume Library is a reference library open to the public, comprising material in many forms documenting dress in all times and places together with such related subjects as personal appearance, textiles, and social behaviour. The collection continues to grow through the purchase of newly-published and historic items.
The survival of the works of Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Authors: Monie Ian C.
Published: July 2016

Mackintosh was for long neglected in Britain, in spite of the efforts of some architectural writers to draw attention to his achievement. Thomas Haworth and the Glasgow School of Art did much to document and preserve his work; following the appearance of Howarth’s monograph in 1952, and an exhibition in 1953, interest in Mackintosh began to revive. Further exhibitions and publications, and reproductions of his furniture, contributed to the continuing growth of Mackintosh’s reputation, but many of the architect’s buildings remained under threat and a Society was formed to campaign for their preservation and to foster interest in his work. Recent years have seen additional publications, with more in prospect, and including the Mackintosh Society’s regular Newsletter, together with some television productions.
The Grazing Habits of Beef Cattle
Authors: Johnstone-Wallace D. B.
Published: July 2016

The paper as presented consisted of extracts from “Grazing management practices and their relationship to the behaviour and grazing habits of cattle ”, by D. B. Johnstone-Wallace and Keith Kennedy, Department of Agrostology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, which appears in the Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 34, Part 4, October 1944. The following excerpts are published by permission of the editors of the Journal of Agricultural Science.

As a result of experiments and observations made on the field at Cornell University between 1931 and 1939, a more distinct study of grazing management problems was commenced, the results of which to date are discussed in this paper.