bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Direct Anterior Approach for AO/OTA43B and 43C Pilon Injuries
Authors: Sokil Laura E. , Wong Liam , Roti Elizabeth , DeKeyser Graham J. , Working Zachary M. , Friess Darin M. , Meeker James E.
Published: February 2025

Background:

Pilon fractures carry high rates of early wound healing, infectious complications, and late posttraumatic arthrosis. When reconstructive procedures are indicated, these patients are at further risk for early complications. Perhaps using the same direct anterior (DA) approach for initial repair and later reconstruction might mitigate these risks, but the DA approach has not been explored for initial repair. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the DA approach for internal fixation of pilon fractures. We hypothesized that the reoperation rate for fractures treated with the DA approach would not differ from other surgical approaches in our series.

Methods:

A retrospective chart and radiographic review of operative Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) 43B and C fractures from 2013 to 2022 were undertaken. Using Kaplan-Meier estimations, the likelihood of reoperation within 1 year of index surgery was analyzed. Reoperation risk factors were determined using multivariable logistic regression analyses created using a backward stepwise process.

Results:

A total of 135 fractures in 130 patients were eligible for review. The overall reoperation rate was 40.7%. There was no significant difference between DA and all other approaches for rate of reoperation for infection (2.3% vs 10%, P = .21), nonunion (15.9% vs 16.5%, P > .99), posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) (9.1% vs 7.8%, P > .99), and removal of symptomatic hardware (25% vs 36.3%, P = .27). In multivariate regression analysis, DA approach was associated with a lower rate of reoperation within 1 year (odds ratio 0.25, 95% CI 0.07-0.71, P = .015).

Conclusion:

The direct anterior approach can perform well for fixation of AO/OTA 43B and C fractures. Our retrospective series showed a favorable risk of reoperation at 1 year and a similar overall reoperation rate compared with all other combinations of approaches. Many factors determine the surgical approach to pilon fractures. This study has shown that the DA approach merits consideration as an option for open reduction and internal fixation.
Exploring perceived mattering in physical educators across the teacher career cycle: A focus on two stages
Authors: Schulz Denis , Gaudreault Karen L , Simonton Kelly L , Shiver Victoria N , Richards Kevin Andrew
Published: February 2025

Physical education (PE) teachers often experience frustration and struggle to be taken seriously within their profession. When these negative feelings are internalized, PE teachers may withdraw from using best practices and question their importance within the school. Perceived mattering can help navigate marginalization and the negative feelings associated with it. Grounded in the teacher career cycle framework and the psychological construct of perceived mattering, this study aimed to investigate the feelings of mattering among PE teachers at different career stages in the United States. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with 19 participants and analyzed using inductive guidelines. Data analysis led to the construction of the following three themes: (1) increased feelings of mattering are tied to the competency building and enthusiasm and growth career stages, (2) perceptions of mattering grow over time through intentional relationship building, and (3) feelings of enthusiasm are grounded in intrinsic motivation. Teachers in the competency building and enthusiasm and growth stages reported having increased feelings of mattering through community participation. Teachers also shared that support from school administration promotes a sense of importance, which showcases the essential role relationships have in teacher well-being and mitigating negative emotions associated with the sociopolitical pressures of the profession. Findings indicate that perceptions of mattering are tied to increased engagement with others, allowing PE teachers to be more central in the educational network, though advocacy for and tenure in the field is also required.
Cumulative impact of procedural and anatomical factors on in-hospital bleeding complications in endovascular therapy for lower-extremity artery disease: A nationwide registry study in Japan
Authors: Nakahashi Takuya , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Iida Osamu , Kohsaka Shun , Soga Yoshimitsu , Horie Kazunori , Sakata Kenji , Takamura Masayuki , Amano Tetsuya , Kozuma Ken
Published: February 2025

Background: Although bleeding is a common procedure-related adverse event following endovascular therapy (EVT), limited data exist regarding the procedural and anatomical factors associated with its complications in patients with lower-extremity artery disease (LEAD) undergoing EVT. Methods: Data were extracted from a nationwide Japanese EVT registry of 73,990 patients who underwent EVT for symptomatic LEAD between January 2021 and December 2022. The primary outcome measure was in-hospital bleeding complications, including access site bleeding, nonaccess site bleeding, and hemorrhagic stroke. Results: The mean age of the patients was 75 ± 9 years, and 69% were men. In-hospital bleeding complications were observed in 613 (0.8%) patients. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between bleeding complications and the following procedural, anatomical, and pharmacological variables: emergent revascularization (odds ratio [OR]: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.29–2.79), multiple approach sites (OR: 2.46, 95% CI: 2.00–3.01), bilateral arterial calcification (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.19–1.79), chronic occlusion (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.28–1.83), dual antiplatelet therapy (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.27–2.28), and oral anticoagulant (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.31–2.03). The adjusted incidence of in-hospital bleeding was 0.59% (95% CI: 0.51–0.68%) in patients with one of the identified procedural and anatomical risk factors, 0.96% (95% CI: 0.82–1.13%) in patients with two factors, and 2.40% (95% CI: 1.88–3.05%) in patients with three or four factors. Conclusions: Procedural and anatomical factors as well as antithrombotic strategies were significantly associated with an increased risk of in-hospital bleeding in patients with LEAD who underwent EVT.
Rapport in same and mixed neurotype groups of autistic and non-autistic adults
Authors: Foster Sarah J , Ackerman Robert A , Wilks Charlotte EH , Dodd Michelle , Calderon Rachel , Ropar Danielle , Fletcher-Watson Sue , Crompton Catherine J , Sasson Noah J
Published: February 2025

Although autistic adults may establish better dyadic rapport with autistic relative to non-autistic partners, it is unclear whether this extends to group settings. The current study examined whether rapport differs between autistic groups, non-autistic groups, and mixed groups of autistic and non-autistic adults, and whether differing diagnostically from the rest of the group results in lower rapport. One hundred and forty-three adults were assigned to one of four group types of four participants each: all-autistic, all-non-autistic, non-autistic majority (three non-autistic, one autistic), and autistic majority (three autistic, one non-autistic). Groups participated in a 5-minute building activity and afterwards completed a 5-item rapport measure assessing their experience. The all-autistic groups did not differ on overall rapport from the all-non-autistic groups and had significantly higher rapport on two items (enjoying the interaction and friendliness of the group) than both types of mixed groups. At the individual level, autistic participants expressed more ease and enjoyment when interacting with other autistic adults relative to non-autistic adults, and their rapport declined as more non-autistic participants were included in the group. In contrast, rapport for non-autistic participants remained relatively consistent regardless of group composition. We discuss potential reasons why autistic participants were more affected by group composition than non-autistic participants.

Lay abstract

Autistic adults sometimes get along better with other autistic people compared to non-autistic people, but so far this has only been studied in two-person interactions. This study examined how well autistic and non-autistic people develop rapport in a group setting and whether rapport differs when group members share or do not share a diagnosis. We assigned 143 adults to 36 groups of four adults each. Some groups only had autistic members, some only had non-autistic members, and some were “mixed” groups of autistic and non-autistic members. Groups participated in a tower-building task for 5 minutes and afterwards completed a survey about rapport with the group. The groups of all-autistic participants expressed that their interactions were more enjoyable and friendly than the mixed groups. Autistic participants reported lower rapport when interacting with non-autistic adults, while non-autistic participants reported similar rapport whether interacting with autistic or non-autistic group members. Overall, findings are not consistent with a social deficit model of autism, as autistic adults often established rapport with partners in a group setting. Their level of rapport, however, depended strongly on the social context, particularly whether other autistic people were also in the group.
Decolonizing psychiatry: An example from Hinduism and psychoanalysis
Authors: Aggarwal Neil Krishan
Published: February 2025

In 2021, university scholars hosted a conference titled “Dismantling Global Hindutva,” which prompted Hindu activists to criticize psychoanalysts for superimposing colonial frameworks onto Hindus. Indian media organizations have questioned the validity of psychoanalysis as scholars uncover the complicity of psychoanalysts with the British Empire. Drawing upon concepts in cultural psychiatry, this article operationalizes ontological perspectivism as a way to decolonize the application of psychological theories among historically-marginalized communities. It presents three perspectives on psychological phenomena. It begins with analyzing the first psychoanalytic study on Hindu scriptures by the psychoanalyst–British colonial administrator Owen Berkeley-Hill through his autobiography, writings from contemporaries, the study itself, and subsequent citations. This study served as model for future work in psychoanalysis that portrayed Hindus in ways that Hindu activists now criticize. Next, the essay presents translations of Sanskrit commentaries on the same scriptures from Hindu philosophers to see how observant Hindus have received their tradition. Finally, it examines writings from contemporary psychoanalysts and psychiatrists who have tried reconciling mental health theories and Hinduism. Ontological perspectivism offers an approach for intercultural dialogues among scholars in distinct intellectual traditions to develop a postcolonial psychiatry.
(Re)animating the ancestors: Digital personality emulations, ancestor veneration and ethics
Authors: Sparrow Robert , Zhang Ellen Y
Published: February 2025

Veneration of paternal ancestors plays an important role in Chinese tradition. In this article, we offer some speculations about how a new ‘thanatechnology’ – digital personality emulation – may impact on ancestor worship. We explore the ethical issues raised by the use of personality emulations for this purpose, drawing on Confucian, Daoist and contemporary Anglo-American perspectives. For Confucians, the key questions concern the extent to which this technology automates the task of remembering and whether it is corrosive of filial piety. Daoists might be critical of personality emulations owing to a larger disagreement with Confucians about the role of ritual in a good human life. Finally, recent discussions in the Anglo-American literature suggest that the use of this technology would raise questions about the consent of the deceased to emulation, the privacy of users, the danger that users will be manipulated by the designers and/or manufacturers of emulations, and the impact of emulations on the grieving process.
Mechanical properties and joinability of the near-eutectic aluminium casting alloy AlSi12
Authors: Neuser M. , Holtkamp P.-K. , Hoyer K.-P. , Kappe F. , Yildiz S. , Bobbert M. , Meschut G. , Schaper M.
Published: February 2025

One of the most important strategies for reducing CO2 emissions in the mobility sector is lightweight construction. In particular, the car body offers several opportunities for weight reduction. Multi-material designs are increasingly being applied to select the most suitable material for the respective load and ultimately achieve synergy effects. For example, aluminium castings are used at the nodes of a spaceframe body. Subsequently, these are joined with profiles to form the bodyshell. To join different materials mechanical joining techniques, such as semi-tubular self-piercing riveting, are deployed. According to the current state of the art, cracks occur in the aluminium castings during the mechanical joining process as a result of the high degree of deformation. Although the aluminium casting alloys of the AlSi-system exhibit low ductility, these alloys reveal excellent castability. In particular, the ability to cast thin structural parts is enabled by the low liquidus point of the near eutectic aluminium casting alloys.

This study addresses the mechanical joining properties of the near eutectic aluminium casting alloy AlSi12, depending on different microstructures. These are achieved by annealing processes and modifying agents. Through an adapted heat treatment, the previously lamellar morphology can be transformed into a globular morphology, which leads to increased ductility and prevents the formation of cracks during the self-piercing riveting (SPR). The joinability is investigated using different die geometries, whereas the joint formation is analysed regarding crack initiation. To evaluate the increased ductility, microstructural and mechanical tests are performed and finally, a microstructure-joinability correlation is established.
Development and Implementation of a Policy Hackathon to Address Nursing Staffing Issues
Authors: Arter Sara , Cole Britt , Logsdon Shelby , Ogle Kaneesha , Ressler Anna , Zwilling Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

The global nursing workforce shortage poses significant challenges to healthcare delivery, necessitating new policy solutions. This article details a pioneering, nurse-led policy hackathon organized by the American Nurses Association-Ohio Public Policy Committee and Miami University to address the nursing workforce shortage. Held over 3 days, the event brought together 120 participants, including nurses, students, legislators, and healthcare leaders, to develop actionable policy solutions across four critical tracks: acute care, chronic care, public health, and nursing education. Teams utilized a structured framework to generate policy briefs and pitches, focusing on creative and collaborative approaches to root causes of the workforce shortage. Winning proposals included optimizing clinical documentation processes, addressing faculty shortages through state-level initiatives, expanding aging-in-place programs, and enhancing public health nursing recruitment and retention. The hackathon demonstrated the potential of collaborative innovation in crafting data-driven policies that align with healthcare needs. Outcomes from the event have already influenced policy discussions, highlighting the value of nurse-led initiatives in shaping healthcare policy and improving workforce sustainability.
Effectiveness of El Buen Consejo Movil (EBCM; the mobile Sound Advice), to Reduce Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, Loneliness, and Social Isolation among Users in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Veloz Comas Carmen Esther , Caplan Susan , Reyna Liberato Patricia Minerva , Sosa Lovera Angelina
Published: February 2025

The availability of mental health services in the Dominican Republic is limited and mental health needs have increased since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Mobile mental health apps may be a feasible response to this increased demand for services, but few have been tested in Spanish speaking low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile app, El Buen Consejo Movil (EBCM) to reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, social isolation and loneliness. Of the twenty-seven participants who screened eligible to use EBCM, twenty participants logged in and used the app (users). The PHQ-9 results were clinically and statistically significant. A decrease in PHQ-9 score was sustained in 75% of users over 12 weeks. Results of the pre and post NIH Toolbox Adult Social Relationship Scales indicated that there was a statistically significant difference in score (p = .011). Our study is one of the few studies to trial a mobile app in a Spanish speaking Caribbean LMIC. The EBCM app was a useful and effective resource to support the therapeutic process for participants with symptoms of depression.
Herbicide-induced alterations in hemp fiber: A comparative analysis of strength and morphology
Authors: Bashir Sabreen , Siddiqui Maqsood A , Al-Khedhairy Abdulaziz A , Girdhar Madhuri , Malik Tabarak , Kumar Anil , Mohan Anand
Published: February 2025

Cannabis sativa (Hemp) is renowned for its diverse applications across multiple industries. This versatile plant is utilized in food production, paper manufacturing, pharmaceutical development, cosmetic formulations, biofuel generation, and most notably, in the textile sector. The hemp fiber’s mechanical performance, low cost, and environmental sustainability make it a promising alternative to conventional fiber but the plant is highly susceptible to several agronomic and environmental factors, particularly herbicides. Our research investigates the impact of glyphosate and metribuzin herbicides on Cannabis sativa fiber quantity and quality. Cellulose and hemicellulose content, mechanical properties, and morphological features of fiber from treated plants were analyzed. Herbicide treatments significantly affected fiber composition and properties. Treatment with low-concentration glyphosate resulted in a reduction of both cellulose and hemicellulose content, whereas low-concentration metribuzin induced a slight increase in cellulose levels. Exposure to high concentrations of either herbicide led to a significant decrease in both cellulose and hemicellulose components. Mechanical tests and X-Ray Diffraction revealed that low-concentration glyphosate weakened fiber’s tensile strength, whereas low-concentration metribuzin enhanced it. However, high concentrations of both herbicides decreased tensile strength. Bast fiber content initially increased with low herbicide concentrations but declined at higher levels. Scanning electron microscopy revealed progressive structural damage to fiber with increasing herbicide concentrations. Glyphosate caused surface disruption, while metribuzin induced more severe degradation, including surface erosion and bubbling at high concentrations. These findings highlight the complex effects of glyphosate and metribuzin on Cannabis sativa fiber properties, emphasizing the need for careful consideration of herbicide use in hemp cultivation for textile production.
Gender Dynamics in Remote Work Communities: A Protocol on Understanding the Challenges and Opportunities for Female Digital Nomad Online Language Tutors
Authors: Chen Liwen
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to examine how female digital nomads engaged in online language tutoring navigate the intersection of remote work and an itinerant lifestyle. Using a qualitative research design, this study consists of two sequential phases. The first phase involves a social media analysis to identify prevalent themes among female digital nomads, particularly language educators. The second phase comprises virtual semi-structured interviews with 12 participants, offering in-depth narratives and insights into their lived experiences. The data will be analyzed through thematic inductive analysis via Leximancer to systematically identify key themes and patterns. By investigating the socio-economic and structural challenges faced by female digital nomads, as well as the adaptive strategies they employ to sustain their professional endeavors in a location-independent lifestyle, this study contributes to the academic discourse on digital nomadism. Additionally, it provides a foundation for future research and policy discussions on inclusivity and accessibility in the global remote work environment.
Improved healing and functional outcome is seen at 12 months after injecting leukocyte rich-PRP in arthroscopically repaired labrum: A case-control study
Authors: Azharuddin Sheikh , Gahlot Nitesh , Elhence Abhay , Garg Pawan , Mandal Saptarshi , Saxena Suvinay
Published: February 2025

Introduction

A study with the hypothesis: platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection into labrum repair will produce better healing response and improved functional outcome in patients of recurrent shoulder dislocation treated with arthroscopic Bankart repair.

Methods

Arthroscopically repaired recurrent shoulder dislocation patients. Group 1 (cases): administered LR-PRP injection. Group 2 (controls): not received PRP injection. The injection was given arthroscopically at the labrum-bone interface after repair was completed.

Results

A total of 40 patients: 20 in group I (cases) and 20 in group II (controls). The mean age was 26 ± 6 years; 36 patients (90%) were male and 4 patients (10%) were female. All three scores showed improvement at follow-up evaluation inside the groups ( P < .001). Individual score improvement was more in group I, the difference was statistically significant for the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon (ASES) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores ( P < .05). The CSS was also higher in group I (93.2 ± 2.8) at follow-up as compared to group II (91.5 ± 2.7, P = .063). Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation showed improvement in labral height ( P < .05), Labrum height glenoid index ( P > .05), and Labral slope ( P < .05) in both the groups, the increase was more in group I as compared to group II.

Conclusion

PRP injection at the labrum-bone interface provides a better healing response in the labrum and better functional outcomes at 12 months after arthroscopic bankart repair.

Level of evidence

Level III, case-control study
“That was My Breaking Point”: COVID-19’s Impact on Local Television Sports Broadcasters Quitting Their Job
Authors: Hull Kevin
Published: February 2025

In 2020, the sports world shut down for months due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Many local television sports broadcasters found themselves having to adapt to not having games to cover or athletes and coaches to interview. Changes in their workplace roles, or a reassessment of their interest in their current job, created a scenario in which the social identities of these journalists were disturbed, causing some to leave their profession. Less than 5 years later, local television sports broadcasters who left the industry listed four main reasons relating to COVID-19 that led to their career change: a shift in their job duties, the economics of local television post-COVID-19, a shift in life priorities, and new work possibilities.
Clinical Problem Solving: A 67-year-old Man With Painful Leg Weakness and Difficulty Walking
Authors: Verity Ryan , Raynor Elizabeth , Zuflacht Jonah
Published: February 2025

Rapidly progressive neurologic symptoms can be alarming to both the patient and the clinician, given the concern for serious pathologies. In this case, a 67-year-old patient presents with painful sensorimotor symptoms that progress rapidly within days of onset. Proper localization and consideration of medical co-morbidities is essential for accurate diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of a detailed neurologic examination to aid in the localization and differential diagnosis. The case will take readers through a stepwise approach to this complex neurologic presentation, work-up and management.
Art for re-existence: Casa Pueblo's decolonial landscape interventions toward an energy insurrection
Authors: López-González Bárbara
Published: February 2025

Hegemonic climate discourses advocate for sustainable transitions to reduce vulnerabilities and build resilience. However, these global discourses are often influenced by colonial narratives that persistently contribute to and reproduce extractive relations of power in places most impacted by climate change. Drawing on findings from one year of ethnographic research, this visual intervention focuses on a decolonial praxis in Puerto Rico, a colonial territory that has faced a series of major disasters in recent years. It engages with the artistic landscape interventions of Casa Pueblo, a community autogestión organization in the archipelago that has spearheaded an energy insurrection by promoting community-based solar energy projects as an alternative to climate adaptation and energy access. Using a decolonial lens, this article features nine artworks in the town of Adjuntas to affirm that artistic landscape interventions are critical building blocks in community autogestión-led transformation. They function as powerful expressions of beliefs, worldviews, and values, challenging colonial narratives, embodying aspirations for alternative futures, and creating new possibilities for social and environmental change. This insight enriches the discussion regarding energy transitions by presenting one dimension of autogestión-driven transformation efforts actively unfolding in a colonial territory lacking representation within global climate and energy debates, but working nonetheless to re-exist in a context of constant injustice and vulnerability.
Predictors and Postoperative Complication Risks for Revision Discectomies Following Primary Lumbar Microdiscectomy
Authors: Ton Andy , Avetisian Henry , Han Jane , Mertz Kevin , Shontz Edward , Hang Nicole , Abdou Marc , Athari Mirbahador , Karakash Will , Wang Jeffrey C. , Hah Raymond J. , Alluri Ram K.
Published: February 2025

Study Design

Retrospective cohort analysis.

Objective

Identify demographic and clinical predictors for revision discectomy and compare postoperative complications between primary microdiscectomy (MD) and revision discectomy.

Methods

Patients who underwent one-level primary lumbar MD and subsequent one-level revision discectomy for lumbar disc herniation were identified using the PearlDiver national database. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of revision discectomy, assess 30-day postoperative complications and opioid use, and assess the likelihood of future lumbar fusion.

Results

Of 52,310 patients undergoing primary lumbar MD, 4536 (7.98%) required revision. Independent predictors included smoking (aOR: 1.72), obesity (aOR: 1.44), lateral disc herniation (aOR: 1.69), coagulopathies (aOR: 1.34), CAD (aOR: 1.62), anemia (aOR: 1.38), diabetes (aOR: 1.47), hypertension (aOR: 1.63), peripheral vascular disease (aOR:1.33), preoperative opioid use (aOR: 2.06), postoperative opioid use (aOR: 1.80), and depression (aOR: 1.73) (all, P < 0.01). Revision discectomy was associated with higher risks of infection (aOR: 1.78), AKI (aOR: 1.41), VTE (aOR: 1.46), dehiscence (aOR: 2.32), neurological injury (aOR: 1.48), durotomy (aOR: 2.19), epidural hematoma (aOR: 2.61), I&D (aOR: 2.32), opioid use (aOR: 1.73), and increased fusion rates (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Several patient-related factors increase the risk of revision MD, which is associated with additional short- and long-term complication risks relative to the index procedure. These findings inform expectations for disease progression and postoperative outcomes in revision MD. Revision discectomy should be avoided when possible.
Electoral dynamics in the age of disinformation: Understanding Romanian voter support for nationalist populist parties in the 2024 elections
Authors: Botan Madalina , Stefureac Remus , Stancea Andreea
Published: February 2025

This study looks at factors influencing voters’ preference for nationalist populist parties in Romania that support closer ties with Russia. Using data from a national survey, we propose that factors like awareness of disinformation, social media use, trust in party leaders, and belief in conspiracy theories significantly affect voting choices. We test each of these factors with logistic regression analysis to see how much they contribute to predicting support for nationalist movements with pro-Russia stance.
Slippery substances: Accreting alternative chemical knowledges in a heavy industry port
Authors: Hine Amelia
Published: February 2025

How might chemicals slip unnoticed across boundaries and through bodies in a range of material and bureaucratic registers? This article responds by extending emergent theorisations of ‘slipperiness’ into the nascent field of chemical geographies. Slipperiness offers a framing for chemicals that challenges and also situates contemporary managerial regimes that subscribe to universalised concepts such as pollution thresholds. Breaking slipperiness into four key characteristics - stealth, dynamism, persistence, and slippages - this paper draws on an empirical case study of Port Kembla, a heavy industry brownfield port in Australia, to outline how industrial chemicals have been instrumental in the port's ongoing relations with the broader residential community. This research takes place at a pivotal juncture in history when such sites are being actively repurposed to support decarbonisation infrastructures. The article hones in on four interrelated themes that emerged from the fieldwork as avenues for exploring the characteristics and consequences of chemical slipperiness. The first theme is the role of historical chemical contamination in maintaining port boundaries. The second explores how governance of contaminants is grounded in the concept of thresholds. The third examines the role of new energy transition infrastructure in disturbing and redistributing historical chemical accretions. The fourth theme is the knowability and visibility of chemical contaminants for residential communities in spatial proximity with the port. This paper develops the concept of bureaucratic slippage and focuses on the potential of voluminous understandings of space to overcome or challenge governance regimes that otherwise would fail to identify and manage contaminant risks.
The Reproduction and Evolution of Institutional Logics: A practice-centric perspective
Authors: Schildt Henri , Kodeih Farah
Published: February 2025

The institutional logics perspective has been one of the most prominent theories within organization and management research. It bridges different levels of analysis and explains how culture both enables and constrains collective and individual actors. Yet, despite abundant research on institutional plurality and complexity, limited attention has been paid to the dynamics through which specific institutional logics are reproduced and evolve over time. Furthermore, even as researchers have recognized the importance of practices to institutional logics, they have often privileged beliefs, values, and discourses over practices—risking an overemphasis on abstract ideas, which Bourdieu termed the “scholastic fallacy.” In this essay, we offer a practice-centric conception of institutional logics as a novel and complementary lens. Such a perspective is particularly valuable in the era of late modernity, where polarization and fragmentation have left many domains devoid of widely shared and agreed-upon meta-narratives or guiding ideals—often considered central to institutional logics. We elaborate how an identifiable institutional logic may instead emerge from a network of interconnected practices bound together by common constitutive elements (such as meanings and material elements), practitioners, and referential linkages. We further show how such a practice-centric perspective offers insights into the broader evolution of institutional logics. Finally, we discuss how political struggles over practices can shape an institutional logic, outlining praxis as an important but often unacknowledged arena of cultural contestation.
Conservation and geography I. Getting into the weeds; the “new” conservation and invasive species management
Authors: Atchison Jennifer
Published: February 2025

This first progress report in a series on conservation and geography reviews recent work on conservation and invasive species management; scholarship that involves responding to and killing species deemed to be invasive. International and national conservation initiatives characterize invasive species as clear and growing threats to biodiversity that should be controlled. On the other hand, more granular social analyses are challenging the feasibility of such imperatives. Here, I consider three related themes: 1) the new and emergent places that complicate management ideals; 2) how people practice their environmental responsibilities, and the resultant contestations and tensions they face; and 3) how people are considered within analyses, including those living with change and working together collectively and across difference. Neither conservation nor invasive species management can escape their normative framings and the biopolitics of human values, choices, and decision making required to make some die so that others may live. Yet in working with or against the grain of requirements to decide on future life, local people, and their struggles illustrate the social change and actions required of conservation if, as some have argued, conservation must enter a new phase.
Nilotinib attenuates vascular pathology in experimental cerebral malaria
Authors: Dos Santos Ortolan Luana , Bansal Priyanka , Primavera Veronica I , Freitas Rodrigo J.R.X. , Wei Ling , Epiphanio Sabrina , Kaushansky Alexis , Smith Joe Douglas
Published: February 2025

Cerebral malaria (CM), a life-threatening complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection, is characterized by the sequestration of infected erythrocytes in the brain microvasculature. Our study investigated the potential of repurposing anti-cancer BCR-ABL drugs, also known to be effective against P. falciparum blood-stage parasites, for mitigating inflammation and blood-brain barrier breakdown in CM. Our analysis demonstrated differential protective effects of BCR-ABL drugs on primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) exposed to thrombin or P. falciparum-infected erythrocyte (IE) challenge. Bosutinib attenuated both thrombin and parasite-induced barrier alterations, while nilotinib was only effective against thrombin, and imatinib protected against neither. Bosutinib's barrier protective effect was associated with reduced interendothelial gap formation and decreased phosphorylation of the adherens junction protein VE-cadherin and the focal adhesion protein paxillin. In the mouse experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) model, nilotinib showed superior efficacy compared to imatinib and bosutinib. In mice, nilotinib resulted in lower brain hemorrhages and vascular congestion compared to anti-malaria drug artesunate at similar levels of parasitemia control. Our findings provide important mechanistic insight into the activities of BCR-ABL drugs to suppress endothelial barrier disruptive signaling in vitro and protect in a mouse model of CM. These findings can inform the repurposing of these drugs in malaria treatment, particularly for managing cerebral complications.
Whole-genome mapping reveals QTLs linked to key agronomic traits in bi-parental populations of field cress (Lepidium campestre)
Authors: Abreha Kibrom B. , Hammenhag Cecilia , Seifert Felix , Geleta Mulatu
Published: February 2025

Background

Field cress, Lepidium campestre, is an oil and catch crop undergoing domestication for the Nordic region. In this study, the genetic bases of domestication-related traits of field cress are identified using three bi-parental F2 mapping populations (MPs). The MPs were phenotyped for plant height (PH), inflorescence length (IL), pod density (PD), seed yield per plant (SYPP), seed dormancy (SD), and pod shattering measured with two different parameters (PSH1 and PSH2).

Results

The MPs were genotyped, with a targeted Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) method, SeqSNP, using 9,378 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) spanning across eight linkage groups (LGs) of field cress. There was wide phenotypic variation among the individuals for the agronomic traits measured in all MPs. A linkage map was constructed for each MP by mapping high-quality SNPs spanning 607 cM, 893 cM, and 732 cM to the eight field cress LGs, in each of the respective MPs. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping identified nine QTLs linked to PSH2, three for PH, two for SYPP, and one each for SD, IL, and PD distributed across all LGs. Taking advantage of field cress genome synteny with Arabidopsis thaliana chromosomes, annotation of the genes found within a major QTL for PSH2 found in LG5 (for MP3) revealed putative roles related to flowering, seed, and siliques development, cellulose and lignin biosynthesis, and water loss prevention.

Conclusion

This study identified QTLs for multiple domestication-related traits and provides genomic resources useful for applying novel breeding tools to accelerate field cress domestication and improvement.
Healthcare-seeking behaviors and barriers among medical students in Egypt: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: El-Khawaga Ghada O. , Omar Yusof M. , Elsaadany Mohamed , Ghazy Mohamed , Abdelaal Amr Khaled , Hekal Mahmoud , El-Gilany Abdel-Hady ,   H. S. B. team of collaborators, Wagih Huda , Bastawi Mey E. , Khalaf Tala Abu , Ahmed Youssef , Essam Mazen , Darwish Nour Edin , Elfagal Mohamed Mahmoud , Hamdy Sondos , Abady Abdelrahman Mahmoud
Published: February 2025

Background

Medical students are particularly vulnerable to acquiring various health conditions due to the nature of their education but often hesitate to consult doctors and resort to self-managing their illnesses. This study aims to examine the healthcare-seeking behaviors and barriers among medical students in Egypt.

Methods

This cross-sectional study involved a convenience sample of 1,535 medical students from 12 public universities across Egypt. Data on healthcare-seeking behaviors, barriers, and associated factors were collected using an online survey distributed through official university channels and social media platforms. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with consulting a doctor when experiencing health problems.

Results

Only 52.2% of participants reported consulting doctors when ill. Participants from rural backgrounds (COR = 0.69, CI: 0.51–0.93), those facing barriers to healthcare (COR = 0.80, CI: 0.66–0.98), with less than sufficient income (COR = 0.61, CI: 0.46–0.81), or a non-working mother (AOR = 0.76, CI: 0.58–0.99) were less likely to consult a doctor. In contrast, participants with more than sufficient income (COR = 1.35, CI: 1.02–1.78), a parent in healthcare (AOR = 13.18–17.31, CI: 6.87–36.35), or who exercised regularly (AOR = 1.48, CI: 1.09–2.01) were more likely to consult a doctor. A substantial proportion of students reported relying on past experiences with the illness (54.1%), using the Internet (46.8%), and self-diagnosing (36.2%). The most common reported barriers to seeking healthcare were lack of time (29.2%), long wait times (22.7%), and academic concerns (12%). A history of feeling uncomfortable or discriminated against when seeking healthcare was reported by 19.5% of participants.

Conclusion

Many medical students in Egypt engage in self-diagnosis and self-management rather than consulting doctors when ill. Addressing healthcare barriers is crucial for encouraging appropriate care-seeking behaviors within this population.
Characteristics and outcomes for hip fracture patients in an integrated orthogeriatric care model: a descriptive study of four discharge pathways with one-year follow-up
Authors: Salvesen Eirik Solheim , Taraldsen Kristin , Lønne Greger , Lydersen Stian , Lamb Sarah Elizabeth , Opdal Kjersti , Saltvedt Ingvild , Johnsen Lars Gunnar
Published: February 2025

Background

Orthogeriatric hospital care is recommended for hip fra cture patients, but differentiated hospital care has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to describe physical performance and health-related quality of life for hip fracture patients 1-year after surgery in four treatment pathways. We also report changes in functional outcomes from baseline to 1-year follow-up together with readmission and mortality rates for each pathway.

Methods

We included 177 hip fracture patients aged 65 years or older from a single center in Norway. Participants were discharged home, to specialised rehabilitation, regular rehabilitation or nursing home based on orthogeriatric assessment of pre- and postfracture function, mobility level and Ac tivities of Daily Living. Outcome variables included Short Physical Performance Battery, EuroQol-5-dimension-5-level, Barthel-index, Lawton & Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Lawton & Brody Self-Maintenance Scale, readmission and mortality rates during follow-up.

Results

Participants discharged home and to specialised rehabilitation were younger and healthier than participants discharged to regular rehabilitation and nursing home. All groups had a clinically important improvement in Short Physical Performance Battery score (mean 4.8 points, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.2, 5.5) from post-surgery to 1-year follow-up and a clinically important decline in EuroQol-5-dimension-5-level (mean -0.12 points, CI -0.16, -0.07) from baseline to 1-year follow-up. The decline in Barthel-index from baseline to 1-year follow-up was greater in the regular rehabilitation group (mean –2.3 points, CI -4.2, -0.2) than in the home group (mean -0.6 points, CI -1.4, 0.2) and specialised rehabilitation group (mean -0.4 points, CI -2.4, 1.6). Participants in the regular rehabilitation group were more frequently readmitted (standardised Pearson residual 4.1) and mortality rates were higher in the nursing home group (standardised Pearson residual 7.8) during the first year.

Conclusions

Orthogeriatric treatment pathways for hip fracture patients entailed differentiation based on factors such as age, mobility, comorbidity and physical function. Participants in all pathways improved in physical performance-scores, yet experienced decline in quality of life-scores during follow-up. Overall readmission and mortality rates were not influenced, but varied between pathways. Further research is needed to investigate the need for differentiated hospital treatment and its potential effects on rehabilitation after discharge.
Hyperacute reactivation of cytomegalovirus-induced gastroduodenitis during remission induction in a young male patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a case report and review of literature
Authors: George Nisha Annie , Surendran Sandeep , Paulose Roopa Rachel , Pradeep Manu
Published: February 2025

Background

Cytomegalovirus is a pathogen known to aggravate the inflammatory response in autoimmune diseases via molecular mimicry. Although it is recognized that cytomegalovirus activation can happen during extended but variable periods of immunosuppression (14–90 days), it is rarely reported in conjunction with an acute flare-up of an autoimmune disease. Currently, there is no consensus on cytomegalovirus prophylaxis for patients initiating remission induction.

Case presentation

Here, we present the case of a 31-year-old male patient of South Indian ethnicity, presenting with a 2-month history of fever, conductive hearing loss, and ear discharge. This was associated with symmetrical inflammatory polyarthritis for 1 month, unilateral painful conjunctivitis, and skin erythema for 5 days. Blood analyses showed elevated inflammatory markers; strongly positive anti-proteinase 3 and cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody levels; normal procalcitonin and complement levels; and negative anti-myeloperoxidase and perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody levels. A nasal endoscopy revealed a midline granuloma with vasculitis features on biopsy. Imaging revealed pulmonary nodules and otomastoiditis. Now diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, the patient developed signs of gastroduodenitis within a day of initiation of immunosuppression with high-dose “pulse” intravenous methylprednisolone. We evaluated him for mesenteric ischemia/gastrointestinal vasculitis. However, the duodenal biopsies from the bleeding ulcers revealed a probable cytomegalovirus infection, confirmed with high serum viral loads. We treated him with a ganciclovir regimen and transitioned him to steroid-sparing immunosuppressant therapy with mycophenolate mofetil, which was selected over cyclophosphamide for its noninferior effectiveness and better safety profile in non-life-threatening granulomatosis with polyangiitis disease. The patient recovered uneventfully and is currently in remission.

Conclusion

Cytomegalovirus reactivation is possible during short-term steroid pulse therapy. Further research is needed to evaluate whether routine cytomegalovirus screening is warranted before starting immunosuppressive treatment with high-dose steroids in autoimmune conditions.
English language education in Chinese primary schools: exploring EFL teachers’ attitudes, self-efficacy, and perceived school environment
Authors: Song Jie , Mullick Jahirul , Jiang Tao
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine the attitudes, self-efficacy and perceived school environment of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers in primary schools in China. Additionally, it seeks to explore the potential correlations between these aspects and demographic and contextual factors. A questionnaire comprising four scales was administered to a randomly chosen sample of EFL teachers (n = 861) from Zhejiang province in China. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0, employing descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, including ANOVA and linear regression. The findings reveal significant disparities in attitudes on professional identity, self-efficacy, and perceptions of the school environment among teachers in different school settings. The order of variables followed a descending pattern (i.e., urban teachers > suburban teachers > rural teachers). EFL teachers in primary schools, particularly those in rural areas, displayed lower professional identity, reduced confidence in effectively engaging students, and greater reliance on students’ responsibility in their own learning. It holds implications for stakeholders committed to enhancing the quality of English instruction for young learners.