bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gürcistan’dan Beyin Göçünün Sosyolojik Dinamikleri: Yapısal Unsurlar, Değerler ve Politika Üzerine
Authors: Kveladze Lana , Güllüpınar Fuat
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, Gürcistan'dan diğer ülkelere göç eden yüksek vasıflı bireylerin göç ettikleri destinasyonları seçme nedenlerini, motivasyonlarını ve bu seçimleri şekillendiren faktörleri, ayrıca göç sürecindeki deneyimlerini incelemektedir. Çalışma grubu, Polonya, Danimarka, ABD, Birleşik Krallık, Litvanya, Avusturya, Almanya, İspanya, Malta, İsveç, Hollanda, İrlanda, Belçika ve Çek Cumhuriyeti gibi çeşitli ülkelerde yaşayan ve çalışan 22 ile 60 yaşları arasında 15 kadın ve 17 erkekten oluşmaktadır. Derinlemesine mülakatlardan elde edilen veriler, yüksek vasıflı Gürcü göçmenlerin ahlaki değerlerinin, görüşlerinin ve yaşam tarzlarının, yetiştirildikleri toplumun değerleriyle uyumsuz hale geldiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu uyumsuzluk, göç nedenlerini belirlerken hemen görünür olmasa da göçmenlerin yeni toplumlarının değerlerini benimsemeleriyle zaman içinde açığa çıkmaktadır. Göçmenlerin anavatanlarına olan bağlılıkları, mevcut toplumlarının normlarına daha fazla uyum sağlamaları nedeniyle sınırlıdır. Bu bağlamda, muhafazakâr bir toplumda yaşamak, yüksek vasıflı göçmenler için zorlayıcı bir deneyim sunmaktadır. Uluslararası bakış açısına sahip bu iyi eğitimli bireyler, muhafazakâr normlar altında kariyer hedeflerine ve kişisel arzularına ulaşmada engellerle karşılaşabilirler. Sonuç olarak, daha az gelişmiş ve geleneksel toplumlardan gelen yüksek vasıflı iş gücü, göç etmeye daha yatkındır.
Van Kenti Örneğinde Görsel Kirlilik: Sorunlar ve Çözüm Önerileri
Authors: Turan Menaf , Gümüşgören Burak
Published: December 2024

Çevre kirliliği çevre yönetimi ve planlaması açısından önemli bir araştırma alanını oluşturmaktadır. Görsel kirlilik farkı faktörlerden ortaya çıkan ve çevresindeki insanları farklı açılardan rahatsız eden bir olgudur. Literatürde gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler görsel kirlilik ile ciddi bir mücadele verdiği vurgulanmaktadır. Bu ülkelerden bir tanesi de Türkiye’dir. Özellikle Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde bulunan ve İran, Irak gibi ülkelerden turist çeken Van şehri tarihi kültür mirası ve Van Gölü ile hem yerli hem de yabancı turistlere görsel açıdan cazip gelmektedir. Ancak son dönemde yaşanan yoğun göç ve kentleşme görsel kirliliğin artmasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Van ili örneğinde görsel kirlenmenin nedenleri, ekonomik etkenler, halk sağlığı gibi konular üzerinden ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmış ve veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Çevre Duyarlılık Ölçeği” aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Anket uygulamasında toplam 330 katılımcının görüşleri dikkate alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS ve AMOS yazılımlarıyla analiz edilmiştir. Öncelikle SPSS programı kullanılarak açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış ve 27 cümleden 20'sinin 5 farklı faktör altında gruplandırıldığı görülmüştür. Elde edilen faktörler daha sonra AMOS yazılımı kullanılarak doğrulayıcı faktör analizi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Bu istatistiklere ek olarak güvenirlik analizi, korelasyon analizi ve çeşitli demografik özellikler için t-testi ve ANOVA analizi yapılmıştır. Görsel Kirlilik Araştırma Ölçeği'nde (GKAÖ) yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre; görsel kirlilik algısının yaş, eğitim düzeyi, ikamet süresi ve çalışma durumu gibi bireysel özelliklere göre farklılık gösterebileceği görülmektedir (P>0,05). Yaş ile GKAÖ toplam puanı arasında düşük düzeyde negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Bu da yaşın artmasıyla birlikte görsel kirlilik algısının azaldığını göstermektedir (18+ r =-0.199, 65+ p
Asmens tapatybė ir bendruomeniškumas pasaulinio tinklo pinklėse
Authors: Savicka Aida
Published: December 2024

Šioje mokslo monografijoje dėmesys sutelkiamas visų pirma į tapatybės ir bendruomeniškumo reiškinių tarpusavio sąsajas ir reikšmingas šių ryšių transformacijas šiuolaikiniame pasaulyje. Pabrėžtina, kad individualios tapatybės santykis su bendruomenine yra dvilypis: iš vienos pusės, žmogaus savivokai labai svarbu, su kokiomis bendruomenėmis jis save tapatina; iš kitos pusės, individualiai jausenai svarbu ir tai, kaip asmuo išskiria save iš kitų bendruomenės narių. Tad pirmasis monografijos skyrius gvildena tapatybės problematiką socialiniuose moksluose, aptariant tiek tradicinę jos konceptualizaciją, tiek šiandieninės socialinės tikrovės keliamus iššūkius, ypatingą dėmesį skiriant kokybiškai naujos virtualaus bendravimo aplinkos įtaką asmens savikūrai. Antrajame skyriuje dėmesys sutelkiamas į bendruomeniškumo klausimą, apžvelgiant naujai besirandančias socialinės komunikacijos erdves bei jose besimezgančias naujas bendruomeniškumo ar pseudobendruomeniškumo formas.Skaitmeninių komunikacijos technologijų plėtra sudarė prielaidas rastis ir žaibiškai išpopuliarino naujus, dažnai patogesnius ir pigesnius tarpasmeninio bendravimo būdus, sukurdamos visiškai naujo tipo socialumo erdves. Siekiant adekvačiai suvokti šias gilias permainas, vykstančias vis labiau medijuotame pasaulyje, būtina atsižvelgti į iš esmės besikeičiančią bendruomenės sampratą, kuri praranda anksčiau esminę teritorinio artumo savybę. Trečiajame skyriuje reziumuojami moderniųjų technologijų pasaulyje tapatybei ir bendruomenei kylantys iššūkiai bei galimybės socialinei teorijai atliepti šiems pokyčiams, ieškant naujų tapatybės konsolidacijos orientyrų bei šiuolaikinių bendruomenių telkimosi ašių. Pastaruoju metu įsigalinčios asmens tapatybės kaip fragmentiško, situacinio ir lakaus darinio sampratos stokoja šios tapatybės konsoliduojančių principų konceptualizavimo - lieka neaišku, kas nuolatinio kismo socialinėje aplinkoje ją saugo nuo patologinės dezintegracijos. Šioje tarpdisciplininėje studijoje formuluojama tapatybės kaip nepaliaujamo vertybinio savęs įprasminimo proceso koncepcija leidžia atsakyti į šiuolaikinio besifragmentuojančio pasaulio keliamus iššūkius, neprarandant esminio tapatybės sampratos dėmens - nuoseklaus vidinio tapatumo pačiam sau.
Science and Fiqh in 10th Century AH
Authors: Munif Ahmad , Wildan David , Qulub Siti Tatmainul
Published: December 2024

Ibn Hajar al-Haytami (d. 974 AH/1567 CE) gave his own color and demonstrated the development of ru'yah al-hilāl in Islamic civilization. As an important part of determining the beginning of Ramadan for the obligation to fast, Ibn Hajar al-Haytami was of the view that the results of ru'yah al-hilāl that utilized tools such as glass could not be accepted or used as guidelines for determining the beginning of the lunar month. This view contradicts the work of science that prioritizes and produces observation aids to maintain precision and reduce human error when observing celestial objects. With a historical and hermeneutic approach, this paper seeks to reveal the historical background of Ibn Hajar al-Haytami 's view regarding ru'yah al-hilāl. The findings of this paper are that Ibn Hajar al-Haytami's opinion is in line with and influenced by the decline of scientific civilization in Islam in the 10th century AH. At that time, especially in the Ottoman Turkish region, philosophy as the basis for the development of science was rejected and/or ignored in the scientific treasures of Islamic civilization.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Aplikasi Thunkable bagi Pendidik di UPT SD Negeri 1 Tonronge
Authors: Rahmita Rahmita , Putriwanti Putriwanti , Purnamasari Danti Indriastuti , Kasmawati Kasmawati
Published: December 2024

Pendidikan saat ini dituntut untuk terus beradabtasi sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman, salah satunya penggunaan teknologi dalam proses pembelajaran. Pendidik perlu mendapatkan pelatihan pembuatan media pembelajaran untuk mendukung keterampilan dalam menyiapkan proses belajar mengajar yang kreatif dan interaktif. UPT SD Negeri 1 Tonronge merupakan salah satu satuan pendidikan dengan jenjang SD di Tonrong Rijang, Kec. Baranti, Kab. Sidenreng Rappang, Sulawesi Selatan. Thunkable yang merupakan salah satu aplikasi yang dapat membantu pendidik dalam mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang menarik dan mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Tujuan dilakasanakannya pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada pendidik dalam membuat media pembelajaran dengan bantuan aplikasi Thunkable sehingga pendidik dapat mengimplementasikan media tersebut dalam proses belajar mengajar di kelas. Kegiatan pelatihan ini dilaksanakan dengan jumlah pendidik sebanyak 10 orang, selama 1 hari dengan pemberian materi dan pendampingan implementasi penggunaan aplikasi Thunkable. Hasil dari kegiatan ini yakni mampu meningkatkan kemampuan pendidik dalam merancang media pembelajaran inovatif menggunakan aplikasi Thunkable, sehingga dapat mendorong peningkatan partisipasi dan pemahaman peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas maupun secara mandiri.
Pemberdayaan Ibu-Ibu PKK Desa Muara Jernih Melalui Pelatihan Motif Batik Modern
Authors: Hendriyaldi  , Erida  , Syaparuddin  , Musnaini  , Setiawan Wahyu Juari
Published: December 2024

Desa Muara Jernih memiliki potensi ekonomi kreatif melalui kerajinan batik lokal. Namun, pengrajin batik di desa ini menghadapi berbagai tantangan, seperti kurangnya inovasi desain motif, keterbatasan pengetahuan teknik pewarnaan modern dan pemasaran, rendahnya kualitas produk, serta akses pasar yang terbatas. Kondisi ini menghambat upaya pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat dan pelestarian budaya batik lokal. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu-ibu PKK Desa Muara Jernih dalam mendesain motif batik modern, meningkatkan kualitas produk batik, memperluas akses pasar, memberdayakan ekonomi kreatif, dan melestarikan warisan budaya batik lokal. Solusi yang diberikan mencakup pelatihan desain motif batik modern, pembinaan pemasaran digital dan branding, serta pendampingan dalam pengembangan usaha. Pendekatan ini diharapkan dapat mengatasi tantangan yang dihadapi pengrajin batik dan mendorong keberlanjutan ekonomi kreatif di Desa Muara Jernih.
Beyond “Engaged/Involved”: Latina Immigrant Mothers’ Negotiations of Family-Bilingual Program Relations During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Alvarado Jasmine , Kaveh Yalda M.
Published: December 2024

U.S. educational institutions continue to frame racially minoritized families as inferior and as the causes for their children’s educational challenges based on expectations associated with white, middle- and upper-class families. Latinx families can be positioned in deficit ways even in dual language bilingual education programs (DLBE), often lauded for being culturally and linguistically expansive settings. Informed by Critical Race Theory in Education and LatCrit, this study presents counterstories of two Latina immigrant mothers supporting their children’s learning and development during the COVID-19 pandemic in states with anti-bilingual and anti-immigrant legislative histories, Arizona and Massachusetts. Leveraging community cultural wealth, the mothers shared a deep commitment to sustaining their children’s bilingual and bicultural development and wellness. Although they were positioned as engaged parents by the DLBE programs, they problematized static and constrained forms of engagement efforts during pandemic schooling and learning. As such, their counterstories trouble deficit conceptualizations and false dichotomies within family-bilingual school relations and serve as a cautionary tale for educational programs framed as supportive of linguistic and cultural pluralism. We argue for the continued interrogation of school-led forms of engagement to ensure that racially minoritized families engage in shared leadership and school governance and have their knowledge forms and language traditions elevated as crucial levers for catalyzing transformative learning in response to COVID-19 pandemic recovery efforts.
Avaliação do Universal Thermal Climate Index em Alagoas
Authors: Vanderlei Mário Henrique Guilherme dos Santos , Silva Fabrício Daniel dos Santos , Costa Rafaela Lisboa , Mariano Glauber Lopes , Accioly João Otávio Alves , Gomes Helber Barros , Cabral Júnior Jório Bezerra , Reis Jean Souza dos , Gomes Heliofabio Barros , Silva Maria Cristina Lemos da
Published: December 2024

O estudo abordou a distribuição espaço-temporal do conforto térmico humano no estado de Alagoas, empregando o Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) para os períodos climatológicos de 1961-1990 e 1991-2020. Utilizando séries temporais diárias de temperatura média do ar, umidade relativa do ar, velocidade do vento e temperatura média radiante, o UTCI foi calculado para estimar o nível de conforto térmico em cada um dos 102 municípios alagoanos. Os resultados obtidos revelaram uma tendência de aumento no índice UTCI, indicando condições térmicas menos favoráveis ao conforto humano ao longo dos anos estudados. Essa análise espaço-temporal permitiu identificar padrões específicos de variação no conforto térmico em diferentes regiões e estações do ano. As normais climatológicas foram analisadas a partir de suas médias climatológicas sazonais e anuais, analisando ainda, suas diferenças em ambos os períodos climatológicos 1991-2020 e 1961-1990. O verão e outono destacaram-se de acordo com as normais climatológicas, UTCI e análise de agrupamento, como as estações preferenciais de riscos associados ao calor e o inverno e primavera como as estações em que predomina o conforto térmico. A utilização de séries temporais diárias e a abrangência municipal ofereceram uma visão abrangente das mudanças climáticas e suas implicações no conforto térmico, fornecendo uma base valiosa para compreender as dinâmicas climáticas locais e destacando a importância de estratégias de adaptação e mitigação para enfrentar os desafios crescentes associados ao aumento do índice UTCI no estado de Alagoas.
Basilea, Zü 332. Coppa attica a figure nere iscritta. L’iscrizione
Authors: Bagnasco Gianni Giovanna
Published: December 2024

Il contributo esamina gli aspetti epigrafici e di contesto dell’iscrizione mi uneial graffita sul piede della coppa esaminata per gli aspetti archeologici da Cristina Ridi. Su tali basi prescinde da un collegamento del piede con la coppa e la sua iconografia. Gli elementi raccolti sembrerebbero consentire qualche considerazione ai fini di circoscrivere la cultura epigrafica di riferimento nel luogo e nel periodo in cui fu prodotta la lamina bronzea dall’area C del santuario monumentale di Pyrgi alla fine del VI – inizi del V secolo a.C.
BRINGING OUT THE “CAL” IN GLOCAL: SITUATING SUBCULTURE AND DIGITAL SUBCULTURES IN TURKISH YOUTH
Authors: AYDOGAN BOSCHELE FILIZ
Published: December 2024

In a globalized postmodern world, the metanarratives of modernity are contested and have been paving the way for a patchwork of cultures and subcultures. In this overarching context, subcultures represent values, norms and practices divergent, at the fringes of, or alternative to the dominant cultures, and thus are crucial to map the “cal” in glocal in a globalized world. In efforts to “make sense” of a postmodern glocal world, I argue that mapping the missing kaleidoscope of “cals” around the world is important more than ever. I examine in this article the youth subcultures specifically in the context of Turkey and discuss the potential of Turkish youth to form subcultures within the framework of the internet, and digital or “net subcultures”. To this end, the first part of the present study unpacks the concepts of “subculture”, “youth subculture” and digital “net subcultures” from a theoretical perspective. Next, I discuss why Turkish youth have been unable to form subcultural emergences throughout various historical periods. In the final section, I analyse whether technological innovations such as the internet, which allow for immediate access to different cultural forms, offer Turkish youth the possibility of creating nascent subcultures, and drawing from the particular contexts of the Gezi Protests in 2013 and the “Youth and Social Media Research” published that same year.
Review About The Hormonal Additives In Cow Feeding And Their Harmful Effects.
Authors: Ashwaq Jabbar Almiahy
Published: December 2024

Hormones, are chemical messengers which are secreted by glands and transmits various stimuli between a tissues throughout your bloodstream. Robert Sapolsky explains that hormones control and regulate the activities of living organisms, or literally everything we do including digestion, metabolism, respiration, sensory perception, sleep stress. To meet the need of this increasing population, higher food production is required in today's digital age. To do this, they are injected with synthetic hormones that enable them to produce more milk and the meat on their bodies. Here, in this review article, we discuss the hormone-treated cows and their negative consequences of hormones to humans. Recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH) belongs to steroids it is a transgenic substance injected into dairy cows to increase milk yield, it is considered an urgent problem because it causes cancer, U.S. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved estradiol, progesterone and testosterone, for commercial use . It was found to fortify milk and meat in animals, but adverse effects seen in users, leading to cancer and premature puberty in children Hormone supplements in dairy cattle are many adverse effects in animal health, reproduction, environment and food safety are associated However , these benefits must be weighed against the potential risks associated with the use of these chemicals, so it was urged wisdom to develop several effective alternatives for targeting dairy cows with hormone supplementation for welfare, milk quality or human health
Diversity, distribution pattern and Indigenous uses of medicinal plants in Khokhan Wildlife Sanctuary of Himachal Pradesh, North Western Himalaya, India
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Samant Sher , Tewari Lalit , Prakash Om , Kundra Rosy , Singh Amit , Dutt Sunil
Published: December 2024

The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) is the storehouse of wide variety of medicinal plants. However, protected areas in Himachal Pradesh are less explored for medicinal plants. As such, Khokhan Wildlife Sanctuary in Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh has not been explored for the medicinal plants diversity. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the medicinal plants diversity of the sanctuary during 2016-2023. The study recorded 363 medicinal plants belonging to 257 genera and 96 families. Of the recorded medicinal plants, 179 were natives, 84 near endemics and 06 endemics. Different parts of the medicinal plants were used by the inhabitants for curing cough, cold, fever, cuts, wound, blood purification, tonic, liver and kidney complaints, antidote to snake, insect bite, etc. But, due to over exploitation, habitat degradation and changing environmental conditions, the populations of most of the species are declining rapidly in the sanctuary. Therefore, there is an urgent need to monitor the populations of these medicinal plants frequently by using ecological (quardrat) method, and create awareness among the inhabitants and Forest Department officials about the sustainable utilization.
The Role of Machine Learning and Metaheuristic Optimization in Enhancing Health Risk Prediction: A Review
Authors:   Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt, Marwa Marwa ,   School of ICT, Faculty of Engineering, Design and Information  Communications Technology (EDICT), Bahrain Polytechnic, Isa Town, Bahrain, Jacob Shomona
Published: December 2024

The present review aims to describe the impact of machine learning techniques in health risk prediction, including the progress, drawbacks, and potential development. ML approaches in health care have become more effective in risk prediction than simple regression techniques because of their accuracy, scalability, and personalization. A Statistical tool like Decision trees, Support vector machines, and neural networks allows or examine non-linear genetic and environmental interactions with lifestyle factors. The review's main points are the increase in relevance of more complex types of models like ANN-PSO, a combination of two algorithms for feature selection, higher prediction accuracy, and other fields, including healthcare. These innovations have shown a unique success rate in identifying diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and any cardiovascular diseases, for better prevention measures and avenues of cure. Nevertheless, there are several difficulties: inferior quality of the data, the question of privacy, and explaining the decision-making of the modern complex models. Solving these issues calls for effective data governance, explainable artificial intelligence, and a multi-disciplinary approach to create and deliver transparency and fairness. As mentioned in the review, feature importance analysis like SHAP also carries plenty of significance for enhancing model interpretability to chase positive alterations. Concerning the outlook, implementing ML in the current HC system will require investment in data platforms, clinician expertise, and broader, suitable systems. As a result, new opportunities for using ML in connection with population health, patient and client outcomes, and receiving individualized care point out the further evolution of the transforming impact of technology. This paper offers an understanding of how health risk prediction and the public health strategy might benefit from new applications of ML and how the moral and practical issues of this new application of the technology may be dealt with.
Artificial Intelligence for Skin Cancer Detection: A Review of Current Approaches
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt, Abdelaziz Abdelaziz
Published: December 2024

AI is emerging as a potential tool for revolutionizing dermatology in the early detection and diagnosis of skin cancers. This Review looks into the most recent innovations in AI technology, such as machine learning, deep learning, and explainable AI (XAI)) Moreover, it presents how one can achieve diagnostic accuracy similar to or exceeding that of well-experienced dermatologists. Access to such diagnostic tools in under resourced areas has been enhanced, inter-observer variability has increased, and workflows in clinical practice have been streamlined. Nevertheless, issues regarding diversity in data, generalization of models, and the inscrutability of many AI systems remain, and the use of these systems in clinical practice needs to be improved. The paper emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, diverse dataset collection, and lightweight and interpretable AI models to solve these issues. Lastly, it brings together important findings and identifies research gaps, showing AI's potential to change the dermatology world for all patients.
Varhaiskasvatuksen opettajan pedagogista asiantuntijuutta rakentamassa
Authors: Koivusalo Elina , Alasuutari Maarit , Ruutiainen Ville
Published: December 2024

Tässä tutkimuksessa tuotetaan uutta tietoa varhaiskasvatuksen opettajien opintojen aikaisen minäpystyvyyden sekä tuen ja palautteen yhteydestä pedagogiseen asiantuntijuuteen. Lisäksi tutkitaan varhaiskasvatusalalle motivoivien tekijöiden yhteyttä pedagogiseen asiantuntijuuteen. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan myös, eroavatko yhteydet pedagogiseen asiantuntijuuteen aikaisempaa varhaiskasvatusalan työkokemusta omaavien opettajien ja niiden opettajien välillä, joilla ei ollut aikaisempaa työkokemusta varhaiskasvatusalalta. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu osasta Varhaiskasvatuksen opettajaopintoihin ja varhaiskasvatusalaan sitoutuminen (SIMO)-tutkimushankkeen kyselyä (n = 541). Tutkimuksen kohderyhmänä ovat kasvatustieteen kandidaatintutkinnon suorittaneet varhaiskasvatuksen opettajat, jotka olivat hakeutuneet opettajakoulutukseen vuosina 2018 ja 2019. Analyysimenetelmänä oli hierarkkinen regressioanalyysi. Varhaiskasvatuksen opettajien opintojen aikainen minäpystyvyys sekä tuki ja palaute olivat myönteisesti yhteydessä pedagogiseen asiantuntijuuteen. Mitä vahvemmaksi varhaiskasvatuksen opettajat kokivat opintojen aikaisen minäpystyvyyden ja mitä riittävämpää tuki ja palaute olivat, sitä myönteisemmäksi pedagoginen asiantuntijuus arvioitiin. Tulokset osoittivat myös sen, että aikaisempi työkokemus varhaiskasvatusalalta kytkeytyi iän ja pedagogisen asiantuntijuuden väliseen yhteyteen. Nykyisessä, julkisuudessakin esille tuodussa varhaiskasvatuksen opettajien riittävyyden kysymyksissä opintojen aikaisella minäpystyvyydellä ja sitä vahvistavalla tuella ja palautteella voi olla tärkeä merkitys, sillä näiden tiedetään edistävän opintoihin ja varhaiskasvatusalaan sitoutumista.
Beyond the Usual Significance: Fragility Indices of Randomized Controlled Trials in Top General Orthopaedic Journals
Authors: Poursalehian Mohammad , Sahebi Mahdi , Tajvidi Mahboobeh , Sabaghian Amirhosein , Asgari Amir-Mohammad , Tabaie Sean A. , Bhandari Mohit , Hoveidaei Amir Human
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Understanding the reliability of outcomes in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is crucial, as standard metrics, such as P-value do not fully capture result fragility. This led to the adoption of specific indices: the fragility index (FI), which measures the strength of trial through significant results by calculating the minimum number of patient status changes from nonevent to event required to make the results statistically insignificant; reverse fragility index (RFI), used for insignificant results; and continuous fragility index (CFI), which acts similar to FI for significant continuous outcomes. The objective is to assess the robustness of orthopaedics RCTs using these indices across leading orthopaedic journals.

Methods:

A systematic review of RCTs published between 2019 and 2023 in the top five general orthopaedic journals, identified through Scientific Journal Rankings, was done. Data extraction focused on FI, RFI, and CFI and related measures for 160 RCTs. The indices were calculated using established methodologies, with sample size adjustments.

Results:

22 RCTs had statistically significant dichotomous primary outcomes and 17 studies had notable dichotomous secondary outcomes. Twenty-nine had negligible (insignificant) dichotomous primary outcomes, and 92 reported notable continuous outcomes. Only one RCT reported a FI in the article. The median FI was 5 with a median sample size of 142 for dichotomous outcomes. The median RFI was 3 with a median sample size of 100 for negligible outcomes, and the median CFI was 13 with a median sample size of 86.5 for continuous outcomes, showing dichotomous outcomes to be more fragile than continuous ones.

Discussion:

Continuous outcomes are less fragile than dichotomous outcomes, with negligible dichotomous outcomes being particularly more fragile. This fragility stems from small sample sizes and limited outcome events. Using these indices, especially when considering patient loss to follow-up, can improve the reliability of findings.

Level of Evidence:

I
Opioid Prescribing Trends Following Lumbar Discectomy
Authors: Rancu Albert L. , Gouzoulis Michael J. , Winter Adam D. , Katsnelson Beatrice M. , Ansah-Twum Jeremy K. , Grauer Jonathan N.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Lumbar diskectomy is a common procedure, following which a brief course of narcotics is often prescribed. Nonetheless, increasing attention has been given to such prescribing patterns to limit adverse effects and the potential for abuse. This study investigated prescribing patterns of opioid within 90 days following lumbar diskectomy.

Methods:

Patients undergoing single-level lumbar laminotomy/diskectomy from 2011 to 2021 were identified in the PearlDiver Mariner161 database. Exclusion criteria included the following: additional same-day spine procedures, age less than 18 years, same-day diagnosis of neoplasm, trauma, or infection, prior diagnosis of chronic pain, records active for less than 90 days following surgery, and filled opioid prescription between 7 and 30 days before the surgery. Predictors associated with receiving opioid prescriptions and excess prescribed morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) were assessed with multivariable regression analyses. Prescribing patterns over the years were then analyzed with simple linear regression and compared for 2011 and 2021.

Results:

A total of 271,631 patients met the inclusion criteria. Opioids were prescribed for 195,835 (72.1%) and were independently associated with lower age, female sex, higher Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, and geographic region (P < 0.0001 for each). Greater MMEs were independently prescribed to those who were younger, had higher Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, and lived in specific geographic regions (P < 0.0001 for each). The proportion of patients receiving opioid prescriptions slightly increased over time (69.0% in 2011 to 71.0% in 2021), whereas a decrease was observed in median MMEs prescribed (428.9 in 2011 to 225.0 in 2021, P < 0.0001) and mean number of prescriptions filled (3.3 in 2011 and 2.3 in 2021, P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

Following lumbar diskectomy, this study found clinical and nonclinical factors to be associated with prescribing opioids and prescribed MME. The decreased MME prescribed over the years was encouraging and the decreased number of prescriptions filled suggests that patients are not needing to return for more prescriptions than prior.
TÜRKİYE’DEKİ ÖN LİSANS-LİSANS ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN AFET RİSK ALGISI VE DUYGUSAL ZEKA ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Aslan Zehra , Demiröz Kader
Published: December 2024

ÖZ
Amaç: Bu çalışma, afetlere hazırlık konusunda yetersiz olduğu düşünülen ön lisans-lisans düzeyinde üniversite öğrencilerinin afetlere karşı hazırlığını araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Afet risk algısı, bireylerin afetlere hazırlığının değerlendirilmesinde belirgin bir role sahiptir. Afet risk algısı yüksek bireylerin, afetlere hazırlıklarının da yüksek olacağı düşünülmektedir. Eğitim durumu ve arka plan, duygusal zeka seviyesi, önceki deneyim ve sosyo-demografik özellikler gibi faktörlerin de bireylerin afet riski algısını ve hazır olma durumunu etkilediği düşünülmektedir. Bu faktörler çerçevesinde, afet risk algısı ve duygusal zeka düzeyi yüksek olan bireylerin afet farkındalığının artacağı ve afet hazırlığına yönelik tutum
ve davranışlarının olumlu olarak artacağı düşünülmektedir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmanın evreni ön lisans ve lisans öğrencilerinden oluşmaktadır. Üniversite Öğrencileri Afet Riski Algılama Ölçeği ve Schutte Öz-Rapor Duygusal Zeka Testi, gönüllü katılımcılardan oluşan ön lisans ve lisans öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır. Toplam 298 öğrenci gönüllü olarak katılım sağlamıştır. Katılımcıların %71,8'i kadın, %28,2'si erkekti bireylerden oluşmaktadır.
Bulgular: Çalışma, duygusal zekanın afet riski algısının öngörücüsü olduğu ve duygusal zeka ile afet riski algısının doğru orantılı olduğu sonucuna varmıştır. Ayrıca cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim düzeyi ve afet deneyiminin afet riski algısını etkileyen faktörler arasında olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonucunda ön lisans-lisans düzeyinde üniversite öğrencilerinin afet risk algı düzeyi ve duygusal zeka düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki çıkmış duygusal zekasının afet risk algısının yordayıcısı olduğu saptanmıştır.
Anahtar kelimeler: Afet risk algısı, Duygusal Zeka, Lisans, Ön lisans
IMPACT OF NANOTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT ON ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Abiyev A.S
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The study examined the impact of nanotechnology on the environment and ecology. It was found that smaller-sized materials are more active, hence nanomaterials have a significant impact on the environment. The study highlighted the importance of observing safety protocols when handling nano-sized materials. Furthermore, the study explored the resistance of nanomaterials to external factors such as pressure, temperature, and radiation. It was discovered that despite their high activity, nanomaterials are resistant to external influences and tend to maintain their shape and size. The use of bionanomaterials in medicine was found to solve several issues. The study also identified new opportunities and challenges that arise from the use of nanomaterials. Lastly, the study investigated different physicochemical properties of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and indicated the issues surrounding their disposal. Keywords: Nanomaterials, ecology, environment, disposal, external influences.
Somalia’s Political Elite Settlement: The Role of the Parliament
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Mohamoud
Published: December 2024

The transitional Federal Government ended in 2012, and Somalia people expected that the political elite could reach a political agreement on the provisional federal constitutional review process, resource sharing, fiscal policy, universal suffrage, and the capital city’s status. Unfortunately, all efforts have ended unsuccessfully and hopelessly. However, significant impediments remain as a result of the lack of political settlement between the federal government (FGS) and the federal member states (FMS), resulting in a lack of means for resolving political impasses because the National Consultative Council’s decision does not include a vote if the political deadlock emerges, as well as the absent role of parliament due to government interference and intertwining members of parliament and the council of ministers. Since 1991, Somalia has witnessed a lack of political agreement that plunged the country into the worst civil war, and terrorism, that claimed thousands of Somalis’ lives and induced displacement and refugees. Twenty (20) reconciliations for the Somalia faction aimed to solve the deadly conflict and revive the state, have not been produced in good upshot due to the absence of a third-party guarantee of the agreement and a lack of political will. This research paper is going to shed light on the long-standing lack of political settlement among leaders of the federal government and federal member states (FMS) that has been undermining state-building, the fight against al-Shabaab, the federal constitutional review process, holding for a free and fair election, and economic growth since 2013. The paper investigates how the role of parliament could contribute to political settlement among the federal government and federal member states (FMS) and the main challenges that the National Consultative Council (NCC), which includes the leaders of the federal government of Somalia (FGS), and federal member states (FMS) have faced since 2013. The study used mixed methods by combining literature studies, including an academic papers and policy documents, and qualitative methods with face-to-face interviews with key informants, including high-ranking officials, politicians, civil society, academics, youth, and women.
Uncommon Case of Light Chain Primary Amyloidosis with Negative Bence Jones Protein and Positive Congo Red Stain in A 31 Years Old Sudanese Patient
Authors: Adam Mujahed , Khalid ismail , Ali ali , Idris alkhair
Published: December 2024

A 31 years old male non diabetic or hypertensive, medically free who had unremarkable part of mild hepatosplenomegally, loss of weight and immunoglobulin light chain (AL) Amyloidosis. This patient underwent Trephine biopsy and Bone Marrow aspiration to confirm the diagnosis. Light microscopy showed deposition of Amyloid, focal areas with excess infiltration by plasma cells, cytoplasmic and background infiltration by eosinophilic materials is noted in Trephine biopsy without fibrosis. slightly blood diluted bone marrow aspirate with scattered granulocytes and plasma cells. Touch imprint showed hypercellular bone marrow with excess infiltration by plasma cells around 34% abnormal form and marked interstitial deposition of hyaline material Amyloids are noted. Overactive granulopoiesis with ordered maturation, increased eosinophils. Bence Jones protein was negative in the urine. We finally diagnosed this patient as having primary AL Amyloidosis by Congo red staining under polarizing microscope and started the treatment.
Molecular characterization of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, isolated from scrap metal dumpsites in Jalingo and Wukari, Nigeria.
Authors: Awujo Nkem , Tsojon Tsojon , Ogodo Alloysius
Published: December 2024

The environment is an intrinsic resource that sustains man and all living organisms for growth, and survival. Therefore, the protection of the environment against contamination must be sustained. It is a known fact that antibiotic resistance exhibited by groups of microorganisms is a great threat to all lives, as infections with such organisms are difficult to treat leading to high mortality rate in the world. This study is aimed at identifying antibiotic resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from scrap metal dumpsites in Jalingo and wukari. A total of eighteen (18) soil samples were obtained from different soil depth of 0cm, 30cm, 50cm in Jalingo and Wukari. The soil samples were serially diluted using ten-fold dilution technique and 1ml from 10-8 from each of the samples was aspirated and cultured for 24 hours at 370C using pour plate method. Bacteria that were isolated in these soils were screened for antibiotic resistance. The resistant isolates were further identified using molecular techniques. The results shows the identification of three bacterial isolates which are Pseudomonas putida,with 81.44% similarity, Burkholderia ambifaria, having 95.69% simalarities and Burkholderia seminalis, with 97.16% similarities. Antibiotic profiling of the respective bacteria revealed 100% resistance to the entire antibiotic tested for Pseudomonas putida, Burkholderia ambifaria shows 57% resistance and 42% susceptibility to the antibiotics, Burkholderia seminalis on the other hand revealed 79% resistance and 21% susceptibility. This finding suggests high potential of antibiotic resistance among bacteria found in scrap metal contaminated environment, and this assertion may be due to the contamination of the soil by heavy metals leakages from the scrap metals as some of the resident bacteria metabolize these metals and subsequently becoming resistant to the metals. It is documented that bacteria uses same mechanisms of heavy metal resistance for antibiotic resistance.
ANALISA SEBARAN DAN KEBUTUHAN PASAR BERDASARKAN STANDAR LINGKUNGAN DI KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Aristyanto Erwan
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the conditions, needs and availability of traditional markets in the city of Surabaya, so that we can find out how many neighborhood-scale community markets are needed by the people of Surabaya, what is the current availability of the number of people's markets in the city of Surabaya and what the current condition is related to. with SNI 8152:2015 concerning People's Markets. The research method used is descriptive research using a survey. Descriptive research can be interpreted as a problem-solving process that is investigated by describing the current state of the subject and object of research based on visible facts or how they are. The implementation of descriptive research methods is not limited to collecting and compiling data, but includes analysis and interpretation of the data, apart from that everything collected can be the key to what is being studied. The population in this research is all traditional markets built by the private sector and the Surabaya City Government. where its existence is one of the most obvious indicators of community economic activity in a region. The samples taken were 15 markets consisting of 7 markets under the auspices of PD Pasar, 4 markets under the auspices of the Cooperative Department and 5 private markets by dividing 2 questionnaires, namely for manager respondents and market trader respondents, where 1 respondent was taken for the manager and 8 traders were taken as representatives of groups of traders based on the group of goods being sold. (sellers of vegetables, fruit, meat, fish, oil & spices, rice & tubers, food and drink and various other goods). Results: The distribution of the number of traditional markets throughout the Surabaya region has a total excess of 90 traditional markets for comparison with environmental market standards that have been met (30,000 people/market). And based on a map of traditional market location points based on coordinate points / Global Positioning System (GPS), it shows that the distribution of traditional markets is not evenly distributed, especially in the South Surabaya and West Surabaya areas.
TRIPLE-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF SUPERCRITICAL CO2 RECOMPRESSION BRAYTON CYCLE IN SOLAR TOWER SYSTEMS WITH ENERGY, EXERGY AND EXERGOECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Elbir Ahmet
Published: December 2024

This study addresses the energy, exergy and exergoeconomic analyses of the supercritical CO2 recompression Brayton cycle used in solar tower systems. In the study, a three-objective optimization model was developed using artificial neural networks (ANN) to optimize the system performance. The model provides information for the development of sustainable solar energy systems by providing analyses on key factors such as energy efficiency, environmental impact and economic viability. The results show that the supercritical CO2 cycle provides higher thermal efficiency compared to conventional systems and offers cost advantages by reducing the size of system components. In addition, the analyses show that energy and exergy losses can be minimized and the cost effectiveness of the system can be increased, providing important findings in terms of the efficiency and economic viability of solar energy systems.
KUR’AN KURSU ÖĞRENCİ ANNELERİNİN STRES DÜZEYLERİ İLE MANEVİ BAŞA ÇIKMA BECERİLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ: BAŞAKŞEHİR ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Karadeniz Tuğba , Yücer Hür Mahmut
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı çocuğunu Kur’an kursuna gönderen annelerin annelik stresi ile manevi başa çıkma arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Bu çerçevede anne stresi ile manevi başa çıkma modellenerek aralarındaki karşılıklı ilişki test edilmiştir. İlişkisel tarama modeline göre tasarlanan araştırma İstanbul Başakşehir İlçe Müftülüğü’ ne bağlı resmi Kur’an kurslarına çocuğunu gönderen anneler ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemi ile oluşturulan çalışma grubumuzda çocuğunu Kur’an kursuna gönderen 500 anneye anket formu dağıtılmıştır. 500 formun 420 tanesinin geri dönüşü sağlanmış, eksik ve hatalı olanlar çıkartıldığında 356 tanesi çalışmaya uygun bulunmuştur. Araştırmada yapısal eşitlik modeli, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, demografik özellikler açıklanmış ve anne baba stres ölçeği ve manevi başa çıkma ölçeğinin ortalama ve standart sapmaları belirlenmiştir. Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile elde edilen model üzerinden temel iki hipotez test edilmiş. Test sonucuna göre, anne stresi ile manevi başa çıkma arasında negatif ilişki, manevi başa çıkma ile anne stresi arasında negatif ilişki bulunduğu belirlenmiştir.
Erken Çocukluk Döneminde Kardeş Kıskançlığı Temalı Resimli Çocuk Kitaplarına Yönelik Bir Analiz
Authors: Yuvacı Mücahit , Ceylan Şehnaz
Published: December 2024

Okul öncesi dönem çocuk kitapları çocukların bilişsel ve dil becerilerine katkı sunmaktadır. Resimli olarak sunulan bu kitaplar çocukların hayal gücünü ve yaratıcılıklarını artırmakta, kelime dağarcığını zenginleştirmekte ve ifade becerilerini geliştirmektedir. İfade becerilerinin artması ise çocuklarda görülen davranış problemlerinin azalmasına yardımcı olacak gelişimsel becerilerden birisidir. Çocuk kitapları kavramsal ve akademik becerileri desteklemek için yazılabileceği gibi ani yaşam olaylarında da örneğin; yeni bir kardeşin dünyaya gelmesi, boşanma, ölüm veya taşınma durumları için de yazılabilir. Bu amaçlarla yazılmış olan çocuk kitapları özel kitaplar olup, ani yaşam olaylarından etkilenen çocukların ruhsal dengelerine yeniden kavuşmalarında bu kitapları kullanmak ise ‘bibliyoterapi’ olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bu tür kitaplar çocukların sosyal-duygusal gelişimlerine katkıda bulunmakta ve çocukların yaşadıkları sorunların üstesinden gelmelerine destek sunmaktadırlar. Alan yazında ani yaşam olayları ile ilgili birçok konuda yazılmış kitap bulunmakta olup bu çalışmada ‘kardeş kıskançlığı’ temasını ele alan kitaplar incelemeye dahil edilmiştir. Resimli çocuk kitapları seçilirken biçimsel olarak erken çocukluk dönemi özelliği taşıyan resimli çocuk kitapları tercih edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda incelenen kitapların büyük çoğunluğunun uzman tavsiyesi taşımadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kardeş kıskançlığı ile çocuklarda ortaya çıkan öfke ve kızgınlık, hayal kırıklığı, dikkat çekme çabası gibi olumsuz duyguların incelenen kitapların içerisinde çok yer almadığı belirlenmiştir. İncelenen kitapların büyük çoğunluğunda ise kardeş sevgisine vurgu yapıldığı saptanmıştır.
Obstacles to Instructional Leadership in Rural Areas
Authors: Şerbetci Yaşa Esra
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the factors that hinder school principals in rural areas from fulfilling their instructional leadership roles. By identifying the challenges faced by school principals in the context of instructional leadership, it is anticipated that the research will fill a gap in literature and provide solutions for researchers. The study was conducted using a basic qualitative research design, which aims to gather in-depth information about the challenges and experiences faced by participants. The research included ten principals from public primary and secondary schools in rural areas of Turkey’s Western Black Sea Region as participants. Data was collected using interviews with open-ended questions and observation techniques. Based on the collected data, the factors that hinder instructional leadership in rural school principals were categorized under three main themes and five subcategories. The findings of the study reveal the primary factors limiting the active participation of rural school principals in instructional leadership: low income and educational levels, disengaged family background, physical limitations arising from school facilities, financial constraints, lack of human resources, and excessive workload. These findings provide significant evidence for understanding the reasons why school principals in rural areas are unable to fully perform their instructional leadership roles.