bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobility network reveals the impact of spatial vaccination heterogeneity on COVID‐19
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Jahani Eaman , Zhao Shengjia , Ahn Yong-Yeol , Pentland Alex
Published: November 2021

Massive vaccination is one of the most effective epidemic control measures. Because one’s vaccination decision is shaped by social processes (e.g., socioeconomic sorting and social contagion), the pattern of vaccine uptake tends to show strong social and spatial heterogeneity, such as urban-rural divide and clustering. Examining through network perspectives, here we quantify the impact of spatial vaccination heterogeneity on COVID outbreaks and offer policy recommendations on location-based vaccination campaigns. Leveraging fine-grained mobility data and computational models, we investigate two network effects—the “hub effect” (hubs in the mobility network usually have higher vaccination rates) and the “homophily effect” (neighboring places tend to have similar vaccination rates). Applying Bayesian deep learning and fine-grained epidemic simulations, we show a negative effect of homophily and a positive effect of highly vaccinated hubs on reducing COVID-19 case counts; these two effects are estimated to jointly increase the total cases by approximately 10% in the U.S. Moreover, inspired by these results, we propose a vaccination campaign strategy that targets a small number of regions with the largest gain in protective power. Our simulation shows that we can reduce the number of cases by 20% by only vaccinating an additional 1% of the population. Our study suggests that we must examine the interplay between vaccination patterns and mobility networks beyond the overall vaccination rate, and that accurate location-based targeting can be equally if not more important than improving the overall vaccination rate.
Lattice fluctuation induced pseudogap in quasi-one-dimensional Ta2NiSe5
Authors: He Yu , Chen Cheng , Chen Xiang , Tang Weichen , Li Zhenglu , Wang Siqi , Ding Suhan , Jozwiak Chris , Bostwick Aaron , Rotenberg Eli , Hashimoto Makoto , Lu Donghui , Ruff Jacob , Louie Steven , Birgeneau Robert , Chen Yulin , Wang Yao
Published: November 2021

In conventional solid-state systems, the development of an energy gap is often associated with a broken symmetry. However, strongly correlated materials can exhibit energy gaps without any global symmetry breaking -- the so-called pseudogap, most notably in the Mott insulating state1 and the fluctuating superconducting or charge density wave states. To date, lattice induced pseudogap remains elusive. With angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and single crystal x-ray diffraction, we identify a pseudogap in the quasi-1D excitonic insulator candidate Ta2NiSe5. Strong lattice contribution is revealed by the pervasive diffuse scattering well above the transition temperature and the negative electronic compressibility in the pseudogap state. Combining first-principles and microscopic model calculations, we show that inter-band electron-phonon coupling can create fluctuating phonon-mediated electron-hole pairing or hybridization. This suppresses the spectral weight on the Fermi surface, causing a metal-to-insulator-like transition without breaking the global symmetry. Our work establishes the precedence of a pseudogap with a lattice origin, highlighting Ta2NiSe5 as a room-temperature platform to study lattice-induced charge localization and low dimensional fluctuations.
Dietary Exposure to Antibiotic Residues Facilitates Metabolic Disorder by Altering the Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Composition
Authors: Chen Rou-An , Wu Wei-Kai , Panyod Suraphan , Liu Po-Yu , Chuang Hsiao-Li , Chen Yi-Hsun , Lyu Qiang , Hsu Hsiu-Ching , Lin Tzu-Lung , Shen Ting-Chin , Yang Yu-Tang , Zou Hsin-Bai , Huang Huai-Syuan , Lin Yu-En , Chen Chieh-Chang , Ho Chi-Tang , Lai Hsin-Chih , Wu Ming-Shiang , Hsu Cheng-Chih , Sheen Lee-Yan
Published: November 2021

Low dose antibiotic residues in food potentially contribute to obesity and metabolic dysfunction. However, the effect of chronic exposure to very low-dose antibiotic residue (~1000-fold lower than the therapeutic dose) on gut microbiota and host metabolism is poorly understood. Herein the effect of exposure to a residual dose of tylosin—an antibiotic growth promoter—on host metabolism and gut microbiota is explored in a mouse model. Theoretical maximal daily intake (TMDI) dose of tylosin facilitates high-fat diet-induced obesity, induces insulin resistance, and perturbs gut microbiota composition. Moreover, obesity-related phenotypes are transferrable to germ-free recipient mice following fecal microbiota transplantation. Tylosin TMDI exposure restricted to early life is sufficient to induce metabolic complications, alter the abundance of specific bacteria related to host metabolic homeostasis later in life, and modify the composition of short-chain fatty acids and bile acids. Finally, tylosin TMDI exposure induces lasting metabolic consequences via elevating the ratio of primary to secondary bile acids and its downstream FGF15 signaling pathway. Hence, exposure to very low doses of antibiotic residues, whether continuously or in early life, can exert long-lasting effects on host metabolism by altering gut microbiota and their metabolites.
Identification of hub genes and networks in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Yang Lingyun , Xu Jinwen , Liu Xunwei , Cheng Yun , Zhou Hongxia , Zhao Liping
Published: November 2021

Acute kidney injury induced by cisplatin poses a serious health hazard to patients. Thus, this study was undertaken to elucidate key signaling pathways and hub genes relevant for therapeutic intervention involved in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI) by bioinformatics. We identified differentially expressed genes(DEGs) by R language on GSE106993 and GSE153625 datasets, downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). GO enrichment analysis and KEGG analysis were used to identify the main functions of common differential genes. The STRING database was used to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and hub genes were selected by Cytoscape. TransmiR v2.0 database and miRWalk2.0 database were used to construct transcription factor (TF)/microRNA (miRNA)/mRNA networks. Chinese herbal medicines targeting hub genes were screened by the ETMC database. 817 up-regulated genes and 769 down-regulated genes were obtained in CI-AKI model. Tumor necrosis factor(TNF) signaling pathway, P53 signaling, and metabolic signaling pathway are important pathways in CI-AKI. 8 hub genes were identified through PPI (Trp53、Egf、Stat3、Jun、Casp3、Cdh1、Ptgs2、Cat). We also constructed TF/microRNA/mRNA regulatory networks, including 2 TFs, 4 miRNAs and 214 mRNAs. The results of ETMC database analysis showed that Sang-Ye and Ban-Xia could be used for the treatment of CI-AKI. In this study, we identified 8 hub genes and 3 important signaling pathways in CI-AKI model by bioinformatics analysis, which provide targets for the treatment of CI-AKI. And the two Chinese herbal medicines obtained from our research, Sang-Ye and Ban-Xia, are expected to be used for the treatment of CI-AKI. Meanwhile, the TF/miRNA/mRNA networks we constructed are helpful to the further study of the mechanism of CI-AKI.
Value of Variation of End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide for Predicting Fluid Responsiveness During the Passive Leg Raising Test in Patients with Mechanical Ventilation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang Haijun , Wu Chenxia , Shen Qinkang , Fang Yixin , Xu Hua
Published: November 2021

Background: The variation of end-tidal carbon dioxide(ΔEtCO2) has have been extensively studied with respect to its value in predicting fluid responsiveness, but the results are conflicting. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the value of ΔEtCO2 for predicting fluid responsiveness during the passive leg raising(PLR) test in patients with mechanical ventilation. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to November 2021. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. The summary receiver operating characteristic curve was estimated, and the area under the curve (AUROC) was calculated. We performed meta-regression analysis for heterogeneity exploration and sensitivity analysis for the publication bias.Results: Overall, 298 patients were included in this review, of whom 149 (50%) were fluid responsive. The cutoff values of ΔEtCO2 varied across studies, ranging from 5% to 5.8% or absolute increase 2mmHg. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed with an overall Q = 4.098, I2 = 51%, and P = 0.064. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for the overall population were 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72–0.85) and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.77–0.96), respectively. The DOR was 35 (95% CI: 12–107) (Fig. 4). The pooled AUROC was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.77–0.84). On meta-regression analysis, the number of patients was sources of heterogeneity. The sensitivity analysis showed that the pooled DOR ranged from 21 to 140 and the pooled AUC ranged from 0.92 to 0.96 when one study was omitted.Conclusions: This study was the first meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ΔEtCO2 in predicting fluid responsiveness during PLR test in patients with mechanical ventilation. This study confirmed that the ΔEtCO2 performed well in predicting fluid responsiveness in patients with mechanical ventilation.
Vitamin C Improves Microvascular Reactivity and Peripheral Tissue Perfusion in Septic Shock Patients
Authors: Lavillegrand Jean-Rémi , Raia Lisa , Urbina Tomas , Hariri Geoffroy , Gabarre Paul , Bonny Vincent , Bigé Naïke , Baudel Jean-Luc , Bruneel Arnaud , Dupre Thierry , Guidet Bertrand , Maury Eric , Oufella Hafid Ait
Published: November 2021

Background
Vitamin C has potential protective effects through anti-oxydant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of Vitamin C supplementation on microvascular function and peripheral tissue perfusion in human sepsis remains unknown. We aimed to determine vitamin C effect on microvascular endothelial dysfunction and peripheral tissue perfusion in septic shock patients.
Methods
Patients with septic shock were prospectively included after initial resuscitation. Bedside peripheral tissue perfusion and skin microvascular reactivity in response to acetylcholine iontophoresis in the forearm area were measured before and 1 hour after intravenous Vitamin C supplementation (40 mg/kg). Norepinephrine dose was not modified during the studied period.
Results
We included 30 patients with septic shock. SOFA score was 11 [8–14], SAPS II was 66 [54-79] and in-hospital mortality was 33%. Half of these patients had vitamin C deficiency at inclusion. Vitamin C supplementation strongly improved microvascular reactivity (AUC 2263 [430-4246] vs 5362 [1744-10585] UI, p=0.0004). In addition, Vitamin C supplementation improved mottling score (p=0.06), finger-tip (p=0.0003) and knee capillary refill time (3.7 [2.6-5.5] vs 2.9 [1.9-4.7] s, p<0.0001), as well as and central-to-periphery temperature gradient (6.1 [4.9-7.4] vs 4.6 [3.4-7.0] °C, p<0.0001). The beneficial effects of Vitamin C were observed both in patients with or without Vitamin C deficiency.
Conclusion
In resuscitated septic shock patients, vitamin C supplementation improved peripheral tissue perfusion and microvascular reactivity whatever plasma levels of vitamin C.
The Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure, Microhardness and Pitting Corrosion of Ti6Al4V Produced by Electron Beam Melting Additive Manufacturing Process
Authors: Xiu Mingzhen , Tan Yong Teck , Raghavan Srinivasan , Goh Min Hao , Nai Mui Ling Sharon
Published: November 2021

There has been limited studies on corrosion behaviour of post-processed Electron Beam Melted (EBM) Ti6Al4V, given that the factors affecting corrosion resistance of AM Ti6Al4V remain unclear. This paper proposes using heat treatment method to improve the pitting corrosion resistance of EBM Ti6Al4V. Different treatment profiles alter the microstructure of EBM Ti6Al4V. A clear trend is observed between microhardness and α lath width. As-printed EBM Ti6Al4V exhibits an inferior pitting potential, while heat treatment provided a significant improvement in the corrosion resistance. This study finds that the β phase fraction is a better indicator than the α lath width for pitting corrosion resistance. Solution air-cooled & ageing heat treated EBM Ti6Al4V exhibits good mechanical and corrosion properties, and even performs better than commercial cast Ti6Al4V.
Annual variability in sound acorn production was regulated by a generalist seed predator weevil in Quercus serrata
Authors: Hirayama Kimiko , Mizo Kenta , Tatsuno Manaka , Yoshikawa Mizuki , Tachikawa Chieri
Published: November 2021

Highly variable and synchronous seed production within a population (‘masting’) could be from either synchronised high annual variability in floral initiation (‘flower masting’) or synchronised floral abortion until maturity (‘fruit maturation masting’). We investigated the demographic processes of the female organs from flowering to seed maturity, including each type of insect damage identified, in Quercus serrata in six individuals within a stand from 2014 to 2020, western Japan. Although the annual production of sound acorns was significantly correlated with that of female flowers, the annual variability in sound acorn production within an individual was significantly higher and their synchrony increased, compared to those of female flowers. The annual production of female flowers was positively correlated with the temperature difference in April between the previous and flowering years. However, their fluctuation was low, which was neither affected by seed and flower production in the previous year nor contributed to predator starvation. Key-factor analyses revealed that reproductive loss due to oviposition and sap suction by Mechoris ursulus , a generalist seed predator weevil for oak species, was the largest and most important factor that contributed to the annual variation in the total pre-dispersal loss of Q. serrata . The survival rate from female flowers to sound acorns was strongly predicted by the temperature in June, corresponding to the emergence of adult M. ursulus . This study suggests that highly variable and synchronous sound seed production can be proximately regulated by seed predation when the main predator is a generalist.
New Metabolic Health Definition Might Not Be a Reliable Predictor for Mortality in the Nonobese Chinese Population
Authors: Wang Ziqiong , Li Liying , Zhang Muxin , Ruan Haiyan , Zhu Ye , Wei Xin , Wei Jiafu , Chen Xiaoping , He Sen
Published: November 2021

Background

A new metabolic health (MH) definition was proposed recently. We aimed to investigate the association between the new MH definition and all-cause mortality (ACM) in a nonobese Chinese population.
Methods

A total of 1157 participants with 15-year of follow-up were included for the present analysis. The association between MH and ACM were analyzed by Cox regression models with overlap weighting according to propensity score (PS) as primary analysis.
Results

At baseline, 920 (79.5%) participants were categorized as MH and 237 (20.5%) participants were categorized as metabolic unhealth (MUH) by this new definition. During follow-up, ACM occurred in 30 participants with mortality rate at 1.85% in MH group and 5.49% in MUH group, respectively. In the crude sample, Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis demonstrated a significantly lower ACM in MH group when compared to MUH group (log-rank p = 0.002). However, in multivariable Cox analysis, MH was not significantly associated with reduced ACM when compared to MUH with HR at 0.92 (95% CI: 0.32-2.64, p = 0.875). Moreover, overlap weighting-adjusted K-M analysis showed that the cumulative incidence of ACM was not significantly different between MH and MUH groups (adjusted p = 0.589). In the primary multivariable Cox analysis with overlap weighting, the HR for ACM was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.24-2.06, p = 0.519) in MH group in reference to MUH group. Additional PS analyses yielded similar results.
Conclusion

The new MH definition was not significantly associated with ACM in non-obese Chinese people. Further investigations are needed.
Comparative effectiveness and safety of homologous two-dose ChAdOx1 versus heterologous vaccination with ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2: a cohort analysis
Authors: Prieto-Alhambra Daniel , Hermosilla Eduardo , Coma Ermengol , Xie Junqing , Feng Shuo , Cabezas Carmen , Méndez-Boo Leonardo , Fina Francesc , Ballo Elisabet , Martínez Montserrat , Medina-Peralta Manuel , Argimon Josep Maria
Published: November 2021

Small trials have suggested that heterologous vaccination with first-dose ChAdOx1 and second-dose BNT162b2 may generate a better immune response than homologous vaccination with two doses of ChAdOx1. We used linked data from Catalonia (Spain), where those aged <60 who received a first dose of ChAdOx1 could choose between ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 for their second dose. Comparable cohorts were obtained after exact-matching 14,325/17,849 (80.3%) people receiving heterologous vaccination to 14,325/149,386 (9.6%) receiving homologous vaccination by age, sex, region, and date of second dose. Of these, 238 (1.7%) in the heterologous and 389 (2.7%) in the homologous groups developed COVID-19 between 1st June 2021 and 11th October 2021. The resulting hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.61 [ 0.52-0.71 ], favouring heterologous vaccination, with a Number Needed to Treat of 94.9 [ 71.8 - 139.8 ]. The two groups had similar testing rates and safety outcomes. Sensitivity and negative control outcome analyses confirmed these findings. In conclusion, we demonstrate that a heterologous vaccination schedule with ChAdOx1 followed by BNT162b2 was more efficacious than and similarly safe to homologous vaccination with two doses of ChAdOx1. Most of the infections in our study occurred when Delta was the predominant SARS-CoV-2 variant in Spain. These data agree with previous phase 2 randomised trials.
Phylogeny and Taxonomic of Xylaria Associated With Fallen Fruits and Seeds in China
Authors: Ma Hai-Xia , Song Zi-Kun , Pan Xiao-Yan , Qu Zhi , Ma Si-Yu , Yang Zhan-En , Zhang Bo , Li Yu
Published: November 2021

A study of the phylogeny and taxonomy of Xylaria species associated with fallen fruits and seeds within the genus Xylaria and among gernera of the family Xylariaceae based on ITS, RPB2, and β-tubulin sequences of 97 species from Xylaria and 7 other genera of the Xylariaceae were analyzed. The 7 genera included Amphirosellinia, Astrocystis, Kretzschmaria, Nemania, Podosordaria, Poronia, and Rosellinia. The results of our phylogenetic study showed that Xylaria species were distributed among five major clades, X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5. Clade X1 encompassed exclusively those Xylaria speices associated with termite nests, clade X2 composed Xylaria speices growing on leaves, fibrous pericarps and some on wood, clade X3 contained endocarp-inhabiting Xylaria species, clade X4 composed primarily of wood-inhabiting Xylaria speices, clade X5 composed primarily of species of Xylaria associated with leguminous pods. Xylaria appears to be a paraphyletic genus, with most of 7 genera included in it. Nine new taxa associated with fallen fruits and seeds, namely X. aleuriticola, X. cordiicola, X. meliicola, X. microcarpa, X. rogersii, X. schimicola, X. terminaliicola, X. theaceicola, and X. wallichii, are described, illustrated, and compared to morphologically similar species. Four species, X. carpophila, X. liquidambaris, X. oxyacanthae, and X. xanthinovelutina, were reported in China for the first time. A key to all the accepted species associated with fallen fruits and seeds in Xylaria from China was given.
HURWA Robotic-Assisted TKA System is Suitable for a Variety of Prosthesis Types
Authors: Li Xingye , Li Zheng , Zhang Xiaofeng , Ding Lele , Yan Jun , Li Shugang
Published: November 2021

Background

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective and also mature surgical interventions that improves life quality and provides pain relief. Accurate bone cuts are important to prevent TKA malalignment and it requires cautious preoperative plan and precise bone resection. Recently, robotic-assisted TKA techniques have been used to improve the accuracy of bone resection and implantation. However, the system described above suits for only one prosthesis type.
Methods

Five types (MicroPort_CS, Smith& Nephew_GII, Johnson&Johnson_PFC_PS, kingnow _VLQX_PS and Akmedical_A3GT_PS) implants were included in our study and three Sawbones models were used for each implant. Procedures were performed by experienced joint replacement surgeons using HURWA robotic-assisted TKA system.
Results

our study indicated that the bone resection error of HURWA robotic-assisted system was below 0.5 mm (with SDs below 0.3 mm), and all of the bone resection angles were below 0.5° (with SDs below 0.3°). The bone resection angles and levels deviation of different brand prosthesis types were below 0.5 mm (with SDs below 0.3 mm) and below 0.5° (with SDs below 0.3°) respectively.
Conclusion

It suggested that our system may be suitable for different prosthesis types.
Genome wide association mapping for identification of QTL(S) underlying resistance to Alternaria blight (Alternaria brassicae (Berk) Sacc.) in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern. & Coss.)”
Authors: SINGH SUMANT PRATAP , Khan N. A. , Singh Reeshu , Pal Lalit , Bharati Baudh , Singh H.K. , Prasad Shambhoo , Dwivedi D.K.
Published: November 2021

Disease screening against Alternaria blight under field condition showed that, none was free from disease only 13 genotypes were found MR and 152 genotypes were found MS, 252 S and 3HS. The high estimate of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for YPP and SB., high estimate of broad sense heritability was recorded all characters except YPP. The genetics advance in per cent of mean was found high for PB, high heritability along with high genetic advance was observed for HPF. At phenotypic and genotypic level both YPP shoes highly significant and positive correlation. At phenotypic and genotypic level path coefficient reveled that in HPF, PL. The genotypes were grouped into eight different non overlapping cluster (five 115, three 100, six 84, one 78, seven 37 and three, two and four 1, eight 36 genotypes). The maximum and minimum inter cluster distance was between six, eight and one, three. One highest cluster mean for PH, MAT, and HPF and two (MAT, PH, HPF). Three (MAT, PH, HPF) four (MAT, PH, HPF) five (PH, MAT, HPF) six (MAT, PH, HPF) seven (MAT, HPF. PH), eight had no values due to reason no geminated or un survived plant and GWAS analysis of identified six significant association for Alternaria blight resistance on chromosome (A07, A09, A03, B07, B04, B03) respectively, This study showed that the diversity panel of Indian mustard identified QTLs for controlling of disease resistance against Alternaria blight in Indian mustard.
An Adaptive Replica Configuration Mechanism Based on Predictive File Popularity and Queue Balance in Mobile Edge Computing Environment
Authors: Chiang Mao-Lun , Hsieh Hui-Ching , Chang Ting-Yi , Lin Wei-Ling , Chen Hong-Wei
Published: November 2021

In the current era of the Internet of Things (IoT), various devices can provide more services by connecting to the Internet. However, the explosive growth of connected devices will cause the cloud core overload and significant network delays. To overcome these problems, the Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) network is proposed to provide most of the computing and storage near the radio access network to reduce the traffic of the core cloud network and provide lower latency for the terminal.Mobile edge computing can work with third parties to develop multiple services, such as mobile big data analysis and context-aware services. However, when there is a large amount of popular data accessed in a short period, the system must generate many replicas, which will not only reduce access efficiency but also cause additional traffic overhead. To improve the above problems, an Adaptive Replica Configuration Mechanism (ARCM) is proposed in this paper to predict the popularity of the file and make a replica to the low-blocking node. This method spreads the subsequent access workload by copying the popular file in advance to improve the overall performance of the system.
Vertically Optimized Phase Separation with Improved Exciton Diffusion Enables High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Thick Active Layers
Authors: Cai Yunhao , Li Qian , Lu Guanyu , Ryu Hwa Sook , Li Yun , Jin Hui , Tang Zheng , Lu Guanghao , Woo Han Young , Zhang Chunfeng , Sun Yanming
Published: November 2021

The development of high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs) with thick active layers is of crucial importance for the roll-to-roll printing of large-area solar panels. Unfortunately, increasing the active layer thickness usually results in a significant reduction in efficiency. Herein, we fabricated efficient thick-film OSCs with an active layer consisting of one polymer donor and two non-fullerene acceptors. The two acceptors were found to possess enlarged exciton diffusion length in the mixed phase, which is beneficial to exciton generation and dissociation. Additionally, layer by layer approach was employed to optimize the vertical phase separation. Benefiting from the synergetic effects of enlarged exciton diffusion length and graded vertical phase separation, a record high efficiency of 17.31% (certified value of 16.9%) was obtained for the 300 nm-thick OSC, with an unprecedented short-circuit current density of 28.36 mA cm−2, and a high fill factor of 73.0%. Moreover, the device with an active layer thickness of 500 nm also shows a record efficiency of 15.21%. This work provides new insights into the fabrication of high-efficiency OSCs with thick active layers.
Biomechanical Features of Drop Vertical Jump Are Different Among Various Sporting Activities
Authors: Harato Kengo , Morishige Yutaro , Kobayashi Shu , Niki Yasuo , Nagura Takeo
Published: November 2021

Background: Risk for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can be assessed based on drop vertical jump (DVJ). However, biomechanics of DVJ should differ with type of various sporting activities. The purpose of the present study was to clarify whether biomechanical features of DVJ are different among various sporting activities in female athletes.Methods: A total of 42 female athletes, including 25 basketball, 8 soccer and 9 volleyball players, participated in the current investigation. DVJ was done for each female athlete using a three-dimensional motion analysis system which consisted of six cameras, two force plates and 46 retro-reflective markers. Kinematic and kinetic data were recorded for both limbs in each athlete. Simultaneously, frontal and sagittal plane views of the DVJ were recorded using high-resolution two different video cameras to evaluate Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) score. Three-dimensional biomechanical parameters at the knee joint and LESS were compared among three different sporting activities.Results: Soccer players had better LESS score, compared to basketball players, while no significantly differences were found between basketball and volleyball players in LESS. In addition, peak knee flexion angle was significantly larger, and knee abduction angle at initial contact (IC), peak knee abduction angle, knee internal rotation angle, and knee abduction moment within 40 milliseconds from IC were significantly smaller in soccer players, compared to basketball players. There were no significantly differences between basketball and volleyball players in all biomechanical parameters.Conclusions: From the present study, female basketball and volleyball players have worse LESS score, greater knee abduction angle and moment, compared to female soccer players. Thus, female basketball and volleyball players are likely to have the increased risk of non-contact ACL injury during DVJ, compared to soccer players. DVJ may be useless as a screening tool of non-contact ACL injury for soccer players. Biomechanics of DVJ depends on characteristics of the athlete's primary sport.
Relationship Between Drug Targets and Drug-Signature Networks: A Network-Based Genome-Wide Landscape
Authors: Lee Chaewon , Kim Sungmin , Sa Soonok , Nam Sang-Min , Han Hyun Wook
Published: November 2021

Drugs produce pharmaceutical and adverse effects that arise from the complex relationship between drug targets and signatures; by considering such relationships, we can begin to understand the cellular mechanisms of drugs. In this study, we selected 463 genes from the DSigDB database corresponding to targets and signatures for 382 FDA-approved drugs with both protein binding information for a drug-target score (KDTN, i.e., the degree to which the protein encoded by the gene binds to a number of drugs) and microarray signature information for a drug-sensitive score (KDSN, i.e., the degree to which gene expression is stimulated by the drug). Accordingly, we constructed two drug–gene bipartite network models, a drug-target network and drug-signature network, which were merged into a multidimensional model. Analysis revealed that the KDTN and KDSN were in mutually exclusive and reciprocal relationships in terms of their biological network structure and gene function. A symmetric balance between the KDTN and KDSN of genes facilitates the possibility of therapeutic drug effects in living organisms. These results provide new insights into the relationship between drugs and genes, specifically drug targets and drug signatures.
Effects of Insight With Obsessive Beliefs and Metacognition Appraisal On Symptoms’ Severity Among Patients With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Ali Safaa , Souilm Nawa
Published: November 2021

Background: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is among the top ten devastating mental disorders. Psychiatric nurses have significant roles in its diagnosis and management. Aim of the study: to investigate the effects of insight with obsessive beliefs and metacognition appraisal on the severity of symptoms among patients with OCD. Subjects and methods: This case-control study was conducted in the outpatient clinics at El Maamoura Mental Health Hospital. It included 69 OCD patients recruited from the setting, and 69 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. A self-administered questionnaire Yale Brown OCD Scale, Overvalued Ideas Scale (OVIS), and Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30) was used in data collection. The fieldwork was from October 2020 to March 2021. Results: Most patients were diagnosed with OCD at <30 years age (78.3%), and 39.1% tried self-management. OCD patients’ scores of Yale Brown, OVIS, and MCQ-30 were significantly higher than controls (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between Yale Brown severity and OVIS insight scores (r=0.459). The multivariate analysis revealed that OVIS score is the strongest independent positive predictor of the Yale Brown severity score, while good family relations is a negative predictor. As for the MCQ-30, the control thoughts score was a positive predictor, and the self-consciousness score a negative predictor. Conclusion and recommendations: OCD patients have poorer insight and more maladaptive metacognitive beliefs in comparison with healthy controls. Although poor insight has a significant negative impact on OCD severity, the effects of metacognition still need further research. The study recommends training programs to improve the insight of OCD patients. Further research addressing the role of metacognition in OCD is warranted.
Alcohol use and problems related to the Maxakali indigenous peoples' worldview: a cross-sectional census study
Authors: de Oliveira Roberto Carlos , Nicolau Belinda , Silva Rodrigo Venâncio da , Mendonça Ana Valéria Machado , Júnior Dilceu Silveira Tolentino , Vargas Andréia Maria Duarte , Ferreira Efigênia Ferreira e
Published: November 2021

Background

The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of Alcohol Use and Alcohol-Related Problems (AU & ARP) among the Brazilian Maxakali indigenous people, and to examine how the prevalence varies according to sociodemographic characteristics and their associations with these characteristics.
Methods

A cross-sectional analytical population-based study was conducted with 1,036 Maxakali aged from nine years. A questionnaire was applied to 66 indigenous leaders who responded about alcohol consumption in 2016 and the negative consequences of this consumption among their friends in their villages. The association between consumption and consequences with the sociodemographic data of respondents was examined by applying the chi-square, Fisher's exact, and cluster analysis tests. Kappa values were calculated to assess the reproducibility of the questionnaire.
Results

The 12-month prevalence of alcohol use was 39.1%. The usage rate for women (17.3%) was 3.6 times lower than the usage rate for men. Male alcohol use rates increase from 8.1–64% in the age group from 09 to 14 to 15 to 19 years old. The highest proportions of alcohol use among mothers and fathers were found in extended families and associated with the negative consequences of those who use cachaça. On the other hand, nuclear families showed an association of protection against alcohol use in the age group of 9 to 14 years in females. Although alcohol use in females starts from 20 to 24 years of age, the rates of problems related to this use in women surpassed those of men during 25 to 45 years of age.
Conclusions

With the substantial agreement of reproducibility in the application of the questionnaire, we expect that the ease of application and the predictive power of this tool will allow the detection and monitoring of alcohol use and its consequences in the Maxakali people.
The Opinions of Field Experts on Online Test Applications and Test Security During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: KILINÇ Hakan , OKUR Muhammet Recep , USTA İlker
Published: November 2021

Within the scope of this study, it was aimed to determine the factors that should be considered regarding the usability and security of online test applications used as an assessment and evaluation tool during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, the case study method was used to obtain the opinions of field experts. Furthermore, in this study, using the focus group interview technique as a data collection technique, the criterion sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used to determine participants. At this point, it was taken into consideration that the participants were experts in the field of open and distance learning. In this regard, a total of 15 field experts who have experienced online test during the emergency distance education period at Anadolu University, Turkey contributed to the focus group interviews consisting of three groups. The results obtained at the end of the study offer solutions for the usability of online test applications, the use of which has increased with the pandemic process and ensuring the security of these applications.
Relativistic Landau quantization in non-uniform magnetic field and its applications to white dwarfs and quantum information
Authors: Aggarwal Srishty , Mukhopadhyay Banibrata , Gregori Gianluca
Published: November 2021

We investigate the two-dimensional motion of relativistic cold
electrons in the presence of `strictly’ spatially varying magnetic
fields satisfying, however, no magnetic monopole condition. We find that
the degeneracy of Landau levels, which arises in the case of the
constant magnetic field, lifts out when the field is variable and the
energy levels of spin-up and spin-down electrons align in an interesting
way depending on the nature of change of field. Also, the varying
magnetic field splits Landau levels of electrons with zero angular
momentum from positive angular momentum, unlike the constant field which
only can split the levels between positive and negative angular momenta.
Exploring Landau quantization in non-uniform magnetic fields is a unique
venture on its own and has interdisciplinary implications in the fields
ranging from condensed matter to astrophysics to quantum information. As
examples, we show magnetized white dwarfs, with varying magnetic fields,
involved simultaneously with Lorentz force and Landau quantization
affecting the underlying degenerate electron gas, exhibiting a
significant violation of the Chandrasekhar mass-limit; and an increase
in quantum speed of electrons in the presence of a spatially growing
magnetic field.
Capital adequacy ratio and a bank’s financial stability in Vietnam
Authors: Minh Sang Nguyen
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study is to provide more empirical evidence on the impact of the capital adequacy ratio, as well as control and micro variables, on the financial stability of commercial banks in emerging markets such as Vietnam. The study analyzes the impact of the capital adequacy ratio on the financial stability of 18 Vietnamese commercial banks in the period 2010–2020 using the Generalized method of moments (GMM) model. Empirical research results show that the capital adequacy ratio has a positive correlation with the financial stability of Vietnamese commercial banks during the study period. Besides, the study also uses control variables such as Profitability through ROA and ROE, Bank Size (SIZE), Loans to Assets Ratio (LTA), Deposits to Assets Ratio (DTA), and Loan Loss Ratio (LLR), to analyze their impact on the financial stability of Vietnamese commercial banks. Based on the above results, the study proposes some policy implications to enhance the financial stability of Vietnamese commercial banks using the capital adequacy ratio and the control variables from the GMM model that are statistically significant. The paper also pointed out four limitations of the study in terms of data, research samples, methods and research models, so that further research can be more complete.
AcknowledgmentThe author wishes to acknowledge support from the Banking University of Ho Chi Minh City. This research was made possible thanks to all valuable support from relevant stakeholders.
A hydrological model skill score and revised R-squared
Authors: Onyutha Charles
Published: November 2021

Despite the advances in methods of statistical and mathematical modeling, there is considerable lack of focus on improving how to judge models’ quality. Coefficient of determination (R2) is arguably the most widely applied ‘goodness-of-fit’ metric in modelling and prediction of environmental systems. However, known issues of R2 are that it: (i) can be low and high for an accurate and imperfect model, respectively; (ii) yields the same value when we regress observed on modelled series and vice versa; and (iii) does not quantify a model's bias. A new model skill score E and revised R-squared (RRS) are presented to combine correlation, bias measure and capacity to capture variability. Differences between E and RRS lie in the forms of correlation and variability measure used for each metric. Acceptability of E and RRS was demonstrated through comparison of results from a large number of hydrological simulations. By applying E and RRS, the modeller can diagnostically identify and expose systematic issues behind model optimizations based on other ‘goodness-of-fits’ such as Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and mean squared error. Unlike NSE, which varies from −∞ to 1, E and RRS occur over the range 0–1. MATLAB codes for computing E and RRS are provided.
LEVANTAMENTO DA MACROFAUA EDÁFICA EM ÁREAS DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL NO MARANHÃO
Authors: Martins Alana Ellen de Sousa , Rodrigues Judson Chaves , Silva Maira Rebeca de Alencar Costa , Souza Maria Tereza Alves , Lima Francilene Oliveira , Gonçalves Márcia Verônica Pereira , Barros Rita de Kássia dos Santos , Formiga Luiza Daiana Araújo da Silva
Published: November 2021

O estudo da estrutura da comunidade da macrofauna edáfica é um meio de entender o funcionamento do solo e os possíveis bioindicadores de suaqualidade. Neste contexto, objetivou-se realizar um levantamento da biodiversidade da macrofauna do solo em duas áreas de Proteção Ambiental no Maranhão. As áreas experimentais consideradas no estudo foram:  Área I (APA do Buriti do Meio) e Área II (APA do Inhamum).  Para realização das coletas da macrofauna do solo utilizou-se armadilhas do tipo Provid. Foi realizada uma análise faunística, e calculados os índice de diversidade, equabilidade e riqueza das ordens no programa ANAFAU. No geral, foram contabilizados 6.695 indivíduos, distribuídos em 15 ordens. Aordem que mais se destacou dentre as duas áreas foi Hymenoptera, considerada superdominante, superabundante, superfrequente e constante. A precipitação puvial pode interferer diretamente na abundância de indivíduos da macrofauna edáfica. O ambiente da Área II apresentou maior riqueza, diversidade e equabilidade. O trabalho relevou que as práticas de manejo de agricultura interferem no comportamento da fauna do solo, indicando que a mesma é mais abundante em ambientes mais conservados, confirmando que osorganismos edáficos são bons bioindicadores da qualidade do solo.
POTENCIAL ECONÔMICO DO MUNICÍPIO DE GOIANA-PE: EXEMPLO DE DEPÓSITOS ARENOSOS PARA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Veras Jose Diego Dias , Neumann Virgínio Henrique  de Miranda Lopes , Oliveira Silvio Roberto de
Published: November 2021

O município de Goiana está localizado no extremo norte do litoral pernambucano limitando-se diretamente com o estado da Paraíba. Está situado ao norte da capital pernambucana (Recife) e inserido no contexto geológico da Bacia Paraíba onde predominam coberturas sedimentares desde o Cretáceo Superior até o recente. A Formação Barreiras abrange consideravelmente uma porção territorial do município. Esta unidade está relacionada a existência de leques aluviais e sistemas fluviais que possivelmente gradavam para sistemas deltaicos e, apresentam uma variação faciológica desde argilitos até conglomerados. A ação do intemperismo e da lixiviação associada sobre as camadas areno-argilosas dessa unidade originou a ocorrência de depósitos arenosos com alto teor de SiO2 (> 95%) conhecidos como “areias brancas”. A espessura destes depósitos varia entre 0,1 e 3 metros e os grãos são bem selecionados e subangulosos. A fração granulométrica predominante é fina a média de acordo com os padrões da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT). Considerando todos as características do bem mineral, a qualidade e a composição dos depósitos, as “areias brancas” são consideradas de boa qualidade para a indústria de construção, razão pela qual os estudos e as explorações vêm se intensificando na região.
ANÁLISE DOS DEPÓSITOS DE COLÚVIO NA SERRA DOS CAVALOS-CARUARU/PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Lima Gerlando Rodrigues de , LISTO DANIELLE GOMES DA SILVA , ARRUDA ITALO RODRIGO PAULINO DE
Published: November 2021

A compreensão das características morfológicas entre ambientes subúmidos e ambientes semiáridos se tornaram essenciais para as análises de dinâmicas entre os eventos geomorfológicos locais e a morfogênese das áreas de estocagem de sedimentos. Nesse contexto, a área de pesquisa abrangeu o Maciço Estrutural Serra dos Cavalos, onde está inserido o Parque Natural João Vasconcelos Sobrinho no município de Caruaru/PE, que apresenta uma importante Biodiversidade local, dependente basicamente do ecossistema de Mata Atlântica. Geologicamente a Serra dos Cavalos está inserido na unidade geoambiental do Planalto da Borborema, formado por um conjunto de maciços residuais que abrange diversos municípios dentro do Estado. Desta forma, a pesquisa desenvolveu-se a partir da análise e pesquisas de campo com amostragem para análise em laboratório dos depósitos coluviais coletados. De acordo com os resultados obtidos por meio da observação in situ e do processamento laboratorial dos sedimentos, os depósitos sedimentares foram derivados da remobilização dos mantos eluviais de alteração do embasamento cristalino que se reestruturaram em depósitos coluviais de diversas espessuras, associados a pulsações climáticas de signos distintos e mediados por padrões de vegetação distintos.
AVALIAÇÕES DIRETAS E INDIRETAS DA ERODIBILIDADE DE SOLOS DO RESERVATÓRIO DA USINA HIDRELÉTRICA DE TUCURUÍ
Authors: da Silva Lucas Manoel , Bertoldi Oliveira Gabriel Oberon , Silva do Nascimento Rafael , Elza Dalla Roza Ana , Alessandro Crispim Flavio , Pereira Gouveia Fernanda , de Alencar Junior Júlio Augusto
Published: November 2021

A UHE Tucuruí, além de ser a 5º maior hidrelétrica do mundo em capacidade de geração, promove energia a vários estados brasileiros, e, tendo um reservatório de 2.917 km², está fortemente sujeita à manifestação de processos erosivos. Diversos trabalhos relatam a ocorrência de feições erosivas nas proximidades de seu lago, além de estar constantemente sujeita a ações erosivas laminares em suas áreas de drenagem. Neste trabalho foram realizados análises diretas e indiretas da erodibilidade de amostras dos principais solos do reservatório da UHE Tucuruí. As análises indiretas empregaram formulações baseadas em caraterísticas físicas dos solos e as diretas testaram amostras indeformadas sob escoamento superficial, processos de imersão gradual e total em água, e sob intensos níveis de amolgamento, para avaliações na metodologia Miniatura Compactada Tropical – M.C.T.. Verificou-se que as amostras classificadas pedologicamente como Argissolo e Latossolo Amarelo apresentaram médias taxas de erodibilidade e baixos níveis de desagregação, enquanto o Latossolo Vermelho apresentou baixa erodibilidade, médios a altos níveis de desagregação, e expansões na metodologia M.C.T.. Tais conclusões indicam que a atividade agrícola da área deve privilegiar culturas que mantenham a cobertura superficial das áreas dos primeiros solos e prevenção de usos que possam desestruturar e amolgar o último solo.
SECAS, INUNDAÇÕES E DESASTRES SOCIONATURAIS ASSOCIADOS: UMA ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA DE PERÍODOS SECOS E CHUVOSOS EM HIDROLÂNDIA-CE
Authors: Costa Francisco Railson da Silva , Monteiro Jander Barbosa
Published: November 2021

O município de Hidrolândia, inserido no Semiárido Nordestino Brasileiro (NEB), apresenta períodos em que podem ocorrer eventuais desastres socionaturais associados à ausência de chuva ou excesso da mesma, acarretando em estiagens e inundações. O artigo teve como objetivo analisar os desastres socionaturais associados às estiagens e inundações no município de Hidrolândia no período de 1989-2018. Inicialmente foram obtidos dados pluviométricos na Fundação Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hídricos – FUNCEME para aplicação da técnica dos quantis, através do método de Pinkayan (1966). Em seguida, identificaram-se situações de desastres associados aos períodos secos e chuvosos no município, a partir de análises nos documentos presentes no Banco de dados do Sistema Integrado de Informações sobre Desastres (S2iD), os quais apresentam informações sobre número de atingidos, decretos de Situação de Emergência (SE), Estado de Calamidade Pública (ECP) e reconhecimento de desastres socionaturais. De forma concomitante, foram identificados os sistemas atmosféricos e teleconexões que interferiram nos acumulados superiores e inferiores. A Zona de Convergência Intertropical - ZCIT foi o sistema atmosférico que mais influenciou na formação de chuvas. Já o El Niño contribuiu consideravelmente para a ocorrência de secas. Ao menos doze situações de desastre foram verificadas em Hidrolândia na série histórica analisada.

 

Palavras-chave: Hidrolândia; Desastres Socionaturais; Quantis.