bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies for optimising early detection and obstetric first response management of postpartum haemorrhage at caesarean birth: a modified Delphi-based international expert consensus
Authors: Pingray Verónica , Williams Caitlin R , Al-beity Fadhlun M Alwy , Abalos Edgardo , Arulkumaran Sabaratnam , Blumenfeld Alejandro , Carvalho Brendan , Deneux-Tharaux Catherine , Downe Soo , Dumont Alexandre , Escobar Maria Fernanda , Evans Cherrie , Fawcus Sue , Galadanci Hadiza S , Hoang Diem-Tuyet Thi , Hofmeyr G Justus , Homer Caroline , Lewis Ayodele G , Liabsuetrakul Tippawan , Lumbiganon Pisake , Main Elliott K , Maua Judith , Muriithi Francis G , Nabhan Ashraf Fawzy , Nunes Inês , Ortega Vanesa , Phan Thuan N Q , Qureshi Zahida P , Sosa Claudio , Varallo John , Weeks Andrew D , Widmer Mariana , Oladapo Olufemi T , Gallos Ioannis , Coomarasamy Arri , Miller Suellen , Althabe Fernando
Published: May 2024

Objective

There are no globally agreed on strategies on early detection and first response management of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) during and after caesarean birth. Our study aimed to develop an international expert’s consensus on evidence-based approaches for early detection and obstetric first response management of PPH intraoperatively and postoperatively in caesarean birth.

Design

Systematic review and three-stage modified Delphi expert consensus.

Setting

International.

Population

Panel of 22 global experts in PPH with diverse backgrounds, and gender, professional and geographic balance.

Outcome measures

Agreement or disagreement on strategies for early detection and first response management of PPH at caesarean birth.

Results

Experts agreed that the same PPH definition should apply to both vaginal and caesarean birth. For the intraoperative phase, the experts agreed that early detection should be accomplished via quantitative blood loss measurement, complemented by monitoring the woman’s haemodynamic status; and that first response should be triggered once the woman loses at least 500 mL of blood with continued bleeding or when she exhibits clinical signs of haemodynamic instability, whichever occurs first. For the first response, experts agreed on immediate administration of uterotonics and tranexamic acid, examination to determine aetiology and rapid initiation of cause-specific responses. In the postoperative phase, the experts agreed that caesarean birth-related PPH should be detected primarily via frequently monitoring the woman’s haemodynamic status and clinical signs and symptoms of internal bleeding, supplemented by cumulative blood loss assessment performed quantitatively or by visual estimation. Postoperative first response was determined to require an individualised approach.

Conclusion

These agreed on proposed approaches could help improve the detection of PPH in the intraoperative and postoperative phases of caesarean birth and the first response management of intraoperative PPH. Determining how best to implement these strategies is a critical next step.
Relationship between self-psychological adjustment and post-traumatic growth in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Na , Zhang Lei , Liu Yaxin , Ding Xuemei , Li Qing , Lixia Gao , Zhang Xiaoli
Published: May 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the potential profiles of self-psychological adjustment in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy, including sense of coherence (SOC) and positive cognitive emotion regulation (PCER). The relationship between these profiles with post-traumatic growth (PTG) and the relevant factors of self-psychological adjustment in different profiles was analysed.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy in China.

Participants

A total of 330 patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy were recruited out of which 321 completed the questionnaires effectively.

Methods

Latent profile analysis was used to identify self-psychological adjustment classes based on the two subscales of the Sense of Coherence Scale and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. One-way analysis of variance and multinomial logistic regression were performed to examine the subgroup association with characteristics and PTG.

Results

Three latent profiles of self-psychological adjustment were identified: low level (54.5%), high SOC-low PCER (15.6%) and high PCER (29.9%). The results of univariate analysis showed a significant difference in PTG scores among different self-psychological adjustment subgroups (F=11.55, p<0.001). Patients in the high-PCER group were more likely living in urban areas (OR=2.41, 95% CI 1.17 to 4.97, p=0.02), and time since cancer diagnosis was ≥6 months and <1 year (OR=3.54, 95% CI 1.3 to 9.64, p<0.001).

Conclusion

This study revealed that most patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy belonged to the low-level group. Three profiles are associated with PTG. There were differences in characteristics between patients treated with chemotherapy for lung cancer in the high-PCER and low-PCER groups. Thus, these profiles provide useful information for developing targeted individualised interventions based on demographic characteristics that would assist PTG in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy.
Effort–reward imbalance and sleep quality in railway locomotive stewards: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Hongjing , Xue Ying , Li Tingdong , Xu Guoxiang , Liu Xiaofeng
Published: May 2024

Objective

To assess the correlation between the effort–reward imbalance (ERI) and sleep quality among railway locomotive stewards.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Lanzhou Bureau Group, China Railway, between July and August 2022.

Participants

Railway locomotive stewards.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI), categorising scores of >14 as poor, 8–14 as fair and <8 as good.

Results

A total of 5738 valid questionnaires (mean age of 30.85±6.91 years and 5730 males) were included. The response rate was 92.27%. The PSQI score was 11.52±3.95; 2304 (40.15%) respondents had good sleep quality, 1590 (27.71%) had fair sleep quality and 1844 (32.14%) had poor sleep quality. Stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with poor sleep quality, Jiayuguan Locomotive Depot workers (OR 0.775, 95% CI 0.587 to 0.971, p=0.028), electric locomotive drivers (OR 0.499, 95% CI 0.316 to 0.786, p=0.003), passenger train locomotive drivers (OR 0.209, 95% CI 1.313 to 3.337, p=0.002), working <40 hours weekly (OR 2.291, 95% CI 1.686 to 3.112, p<0.001), working 40–50 hours weekly (OR 1.602, 95% CI 1.299 to 1.977, p<0.001), senior titles (OR 0.727, 95% CI 0.570 to 0.928, p=0.010), high effort/low reward (OR 2.812, 95% CI 2.218 to 3.564, p<0.001) and low overcommitment (OR 5.848, 95% CI 4.710 to 7.261, p<0.001) were independently associated with fair sleep quality. Electric locomotive drivers (OR 0.535, 95% CI 0.364 to 0.787, p=0.001), diesel locomotive drivers (OR 0.567, 95% CI 0.348 to 0.924, p=0.023), passenger train locomotive drivers (OR 1.471, 95% CI 1.005 to 2.155, p=0.047), working <40 hours weekly (OR 1.549, 95% CI 1.196 to 2.006, p=0.001), working 40–50 hours weekly (OR 1.340, 95% CI 1.141 to 1.574, p<0.001), high school diploma or less (OR 1.448, 95% CI 1.062 to 1.975, p=0.019), high effort/low reward (OR 1.237, 95% CI 1.006 to 1.521, p=0.044), balanced effort–reward (OR 0.653, 95% CI 0.478 to 0.892, p=0.007) and low overcommitment (OR 2.553, 95% CI 2.224 to 2.931, p<0.001) were independently associated with good sleep quality.

Conclusion

The results revealed an acceptable ERI and poor sleep quality among railway stewards. ERI was correlated with sleep quality. Health education, lifestyle changes and improved work schedules may help boost sleep quality and well-being among railway locomotive stewards.
Erdosteine in children and adults with bronchiectasis (BETTER trial): study protocol for a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Chang Anne B , Yerkovich Stephanie T , Baines Katherine J , Burr Lucy , Champion Anita , Chatfield Mark D , Eg Kah P , Goyal Vikas , Marsh Robyn L , McCallum Gabrielle B , McElrea Margaret , McPhail Steven , Morgan Lucy C , Morris Peter S , Nathan Anne M , O’Farrell Hannah , Sanchez Marion O , Parsons Marianne , Schultz André , Torzillo Paul J , West Nicholas P , Versteegh Lesley , Marchant Julie M , Grimwood Keith
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Bronchiectasis is a worldwide chronic lung disorder where exacerbations are common. It affects people of all ages, but especially Indigenous populations in high-income nations. Despite being a major contributor to chronic lung disease, there are no licensed therapies for bronchiectasis and there remain relatively few randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in children and adults. Our RCT will address some of these unmet needs by evaluating whether the novel mucoactive agent, erdosteine, has a therapeutic role in children and adults with bronchiectasis.

Our primary aim is to determine in children and adults aged 2–49 years with bronchiectasis whether regular erdosteine over a 12-month period reduces acute respiratory exacerbations compared with placebo. Our primary hypothesis is that people with bronchiectasis who regularly use erdosteine will have fewer exacerbations than those receiving placebo.

Our secondary aims are to determine the effect of the trial medications on quality of life (QoL) and other clinical outcomes (exacerbation duration, time-to-next exacerbation, hospitalisations, lung function, adverse events). We will also assess the cost-effectiveness of the intervention.

Methods and analysis

We are undertaking an international multicentre, double-blind, placebo-RCT to evaluate whether 12 months of erdosteine is beneficial for children and adults with bronchiectasis. We will recruit 194 children and adults with bronchiectasis to a parallel, superiority RCT at eight sites across Australia, Malaysia and Philippines. Our primary endpoint is the rate of exacerbations over 12 months. Our main secondary outcomes are QoL, exacerbation duration, time-to-next exacerbation, hospitalisations and lung function.

Ethics and dissemination

The Human Research Ethics Committees (HREC) of Children’s Health Queensland (for all Australian sites), University of Malaya Medical Centre (Malaysia) and St. Luke’s Medical Centre (Philippines) approved the study. We will publish the results and share the outcomes with the academic and medical community, funding and relevant patient organisations.

Trial registration number

ACTRN12621000315819.
Cancer pain self-management interventions in adults: scoping review
Authors: Sjattar Elly L , Arafat Rosyidah , Ling Lee Wan
Published: May 2024

Background

The predominant trend in cancer treatment now leans towards outpatient care, placing the responsibility of pain management largely on the patients themselves. Moreover, a significant portion of treatment for advanced cancer occurs in the home environment, so patient self-management becomes increasingly crucial for the effective treatment of cancer pain.

Objectives

To map self-management for pain in patients with cancer at all phases of the disease before examining the potential of pain self-care interventions for ill patients with cancer.

Methods

A search was conducted on six electronic databases to locate studies published in English, from 2013 to 2023. We followed Arskey and O’Malley’s Scoping Reviews guidelines.

Results

This study thoroughly examined the provision of cancer pain self-management by healthcare professionals and identified four intervention types from 23 studies. Education emerged as the most prevalent form of self-management for cancer pain.

Conclusion

G
uiding patients in managing their pain effectively, starting from their hospitalisation and extending to their discharge.
Fermionic fixed-point structure of asymptotically safe QED with a Pauli term
Authors: Gies Holger , Tam Kevin K. K.
Published: May 2024

We test the physical viability of a recent proposal for an asymptotically safe modification of quantum electrodynamics (QED), whose ultraviolet physics is dominated by a non-perturbative Pauli spin-field coupling. We focus in particular on its compatibility with the absence of dynamical generation of fermion mass in QED. Studying the renormalization group flow of chiral four-fermion operators and their fixed points, we discover a distinct class of behavior compared to the standard picture of fixed-point annihilation at large gauge couplings and the ensuing formation of chiral condensates. Instead, transcritical bifurcations, where the fixed points merely exchange infrared stability, are observed. Provided that non-chiral operators remain irrelevant, our theory accommodates a universality class of light fermions for $$N_{\textrm{f}}> 1$$

N
f

>
1

irreducible Dirac flavors. On the contrary, in the special case of $$N_{\textrm{f}}= 1$$

N
f

=
1

flavor, this comes only at the expense of introducing one additional relevant parameter.
Gluon–gluon fusion contribution to the productions of three gauge bosons at the LHC
Authors: Dai Jianpeng , Hu Zhenghong , Liu Tao , Yang Jin Min
Published: May 2024

Productions of multiple gauge bosons at the LHC are sensitive to triple or quartic gauge couplings and thus provide a sensitive test for the electroweak sector of the Standard Model and allow for a probe of new physics. In this work we calculate the gluon–gluon initiate state contribution to the productions of three gauge bosons ($$Z\gamma \gamma ,$$

Z
γ
γ
,

$$ZZ\gamma $$

Z
Z
γ

and $$W^+W^-\gamma $$

W
+

W
-

γ

) at the LHC, which is formally part of NNLO effects compared to the LO quark–antiquark channels corrections. For each process we present the ratio between the gluon–gluon channels contribution and the quark–antiquark channels contribution. We found that such a ratio for $$Z\gamma \gamma $$

Z
γ
γ

$$(ZZ\gamma )$$

(
Z
Z
γ
)

is of the order of $$10^{-3}$$

10

-
3

$$(10^{-4}),$$

(

10

-
4

)
,

much smaller than the corresponding ratio for the diboson production due to the decrease of gluon PDF when more particles appear in the final states. These small ratios imply that gluon–gluon fusion contribution is phenomenological negligible for the productions of $$Z\gamma \gamma $$

Z
γ
γ

and $$ZZ\gamma .$$

Z
Z
γ
.

However, for $$W^+W^-\gamma $$

W
+

W
-

γ

production, the ratio is about 5%, which is of the same order of magnitude as the ratio for $$W^+W^-$$

W
+

W
-

production due to the big cancellation between the amplitudes of quark–antiquark channels. While such an effect can be neglected currently at the LHC, it may be accessible at the HL-LHC.
Free Vibration of Thermally Loaded FG-GPLRC Nanoplates Integrated with Magneto-Electro-Elastic Layers in Contact with Fluid
Authors: Saffari Pouyan Roodgar , Thongchom Chanachai , Saffari Peyman Roodgar , Lawongkerd Jintara , Keawsawasvong Suraparb , Senjuntichai Teerapong
Published: May 2024

This work investigates the free vibrations of innovative thermally loaded nanoplates constructed by integrating magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) layers with functionally-graded graphene platelet-reinforced composite cores (FG-GPLRC) and accounting for viscous fluid interactions. An advanced multiphysics model is developed using the Navier–Stokes equations to capture fluid structure coupling effects, Halpin–Tsai, and the rule of mixtures micromechanics to predict the non-uniform effective properties, third-order shear deformation plates theory (TSDPT) to incorporate thickness stretching, and the nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT) to characterize size dependencies. The Galerkin technique is used to solve the governing equations, which are derived from the Hamilton’s principle. Parametric analyses quantify the influences of fluid depth, temperature fluctuations, temperature profiles, nonlocal and strain gradient parameters, electric and magnetic potentials, graphene distribution patterns, graphene weight fractions, and boundary conditions on the vibration response. The outcomes of this study provide design guidelines and predictive tools enabling active vibration control systems for next-generation thermally-loaded nanocomposite structures with widespread applications from aerospace vehicles to nanoelectronics.
Space-time description of atoms, part I: Electronic structures, dark matter, and g-factors of electron, muon and tau
Authors: Trenčevski Kostadin
Published: May 2024

The description of atoms is based on 3D time and some relativistic effects about spinning bodies have been published previously. The time displacement of the electrons also plays an important role. While the principal quantum number [Formula: see text] refers to the angular momentum [Formula: see text] observed by external observer, the azimuth quantum number [Formula: see text] refers to the angular momentum [Formula: see text] observed from the electron itself. The intrinsic angular momentum observed by the electron is [Formula: see text] according to Stern–Gerlach experiment, but the angular momentum observed by external observer is about [Formula: see text]. The magnetic quantum numbers are deduced from the mentioned effects and the trajectories of electrons are non-probabilistic and geometrically well determined. The spin quantum number indicates the time arrow toward the future or toward the past. So, the electrons with opposite time arrows can be grouped in pairs, where the nucleus is in the middle. Descriptions of the dark matter particles and the electrons are given. Using the value [Formula: see text] suggested from the QED, the [Formula: see text]-factors of the electron and muon are [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text], which give excellent agreements with the experiments. So, if we equalize the formulas for [Formula: see text]-factor from QED and this approach, it determines the theoretical value of [Formula: see text], without experiment.
A comparison between the deflection angles of massive and massless particles in the Schwarzschild space-time and their consequences on black hole shadows
Authors: Mendoza S. , Santibañez-Armenta Milton
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we present comparisons of the deflection angles of massless and massive particles in the Schwarzschild space-time. For the case of photons in a general static space-time, we construct a spatial 3D equation of motion for their path that leads to an implicit formula for the deflection angle. We then compare our results with well-known results of the literature in the Schwarzschild space-time. For the case of massive particles, we calculate the deflection angle only in the Schwarzschild space-time. The end result is that as the velocity of any massive particle diminishes, the deflection angle increases. To show the relevance of these comparisons, we constructed different black hole shadows for massive particles in order to be compared with a shadow made by photons.
Split octonionic Dirac equation
Authors: Gogberashvili Merab , Gurchumelia Alexandre
Published: May 2024

The novel forms of the split octonionic Dirac equation and its corresponding Lagrangian are derived using symbolic computing techniques.
Investigating the Effect of the Separation of Scales in Reduced Order Battery Modelling: Implications on the Validity of the Newman Model
Authors: Squires Isaac , Foster Jamie M. , Galvis Andres , Cooper Samuel J.
Published: May 2024

Modelling lithium-ion battery behavior is essential for performance prediction and design improvement. However, this task is challenging due to processes spanning many length scales, leading to computationally expensive models. Reduced order models have been developed to address this, assuming a “separation of scales” between micro- and macroscales. This study compares two approaches: direct microstructure-resolved 3D domain electrochemical modelling and a simplified 1D homogenized model, similar to the Doyle-Fuller-Newman model. The research investigates the validity of the scale separation assumption in continuum electrode-level models by varying scale separation factors, boundary conditions, and geometries. The findings reveal increases in deviation between the 3D models and 1D models for more tortuous, less porous microstructures, especially under higher discharge rates. However, under realistic conditions, with an electrode featuring eight particles across its thickness and typical transport properties, the 3D model predicts only a slight (2%) increase in current compared to the 1D model at a high rate of 7C (approximately j ≈ 350 Am−2). These results suggest that the separation of scales assumption in the DFN model is generally suitable for a wide range of operating conditions. However, 1D models may overlook local variations in electrolyte concentration and potential, crucial for understanding degradation mechanisms.
Changes in Digestive Enzyme Activities during Larval Development of Spotted Seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus)
Authors: Arenas-Pardo Martín Alberto , Gaxiola-Cortés Martha Gabriela , Barreto-Altamirano Alvaro Fabricio , Paredes-Medina Adriana del Carmen , Palomino-Albarrán Iveth Gabriela , Balam-Uc Patricia Margarita , Maldonado-Flores Juan Carlos , Álvarez-González Carlos Alfonso
Published: May 2024

The spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus)—an important commercial species—has a high potential for aquaculture in the Gulf of Mexico. To optimize its feeding during larval rearing, this study aims to evaluate the primary gastric (pepsin), intestinal (leucine aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase), and pancreatic (alkaline protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase, and lipase) enzyme activities from hatching to day 30. A multivariate analysis identified three digestive enzyme development stages during the spotted seatrout larval transformation. The first stage occurred between 1 (mean ± standard error (SE) = 1.73 ± 0.14 millimeter (mm) standard length (SL)) and 3 (2.14 ± 0.07 mm SL) days after hatching (DAH); a period of digestive stability showed the highest activity in amylase and bile salt‐dependent lipase. The second stage (from 4 (2.53 ± 0.09 mm SL) to 20 (10.92 ± 0.51 mm SL) DAH) was a period of digestive transition, during which leucine aminopeptidase, chymotrypsin, and alkaline proteases were identified as the predominant enzymes from 4 to 5 DAH. In the third stage—a period of digestive stability—pepsin was the major enzyme that occurred between 25 (16.51 ± 0.81 mm SL) and 30 (25.91 ± 0.82 mm SL) DAH. These results indicate that the spotted seatrout larvae have a digestive system adapted to lipids and carbohydrates at the onset of feeding, with an immediate transition to protein digestion when exogenous feeding begins. Additionally, the digestive system of the spotted seatrout may be considered mature at 25 DAH. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of digestive tract development in the spotted seatrout larvae.
Figure S1 from Synergy of EGFR and AURKA Inhibitors in KRAS-mutated Non–small Cell Lung Cancers
Authors: Bagnyukova Tetyana , Egleston Brian L. , Pavlov Valerii A. , Serebriiskii Ilya G. , Golemis Erica A. , Borghaei Hossein
Published: May 2024

Primary images related to Fig.3
Data from Synergy of EGFR and AURKA Inhibitors in KRAS-mutated Non–small Cell Lung Cancers
Authors: Bagnyukova Tetyana , Egleston Brian L. , Pavlov Valerii A. , Serebriiskii Ilya G. , Golemis Erica A. , Borghaei Hossein
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The most common oncogenic driver mutations for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) activate EGFR or KRAS. Clinical trials exploring treatments for EGFR- or KRAS-mutated (EGFRmut or KRASmut) cancers have focused on small-molecule inhibitors targeting the driver mutations. Typically, these inhibitors perform more effectively based on combination with either chemotherapies, or other targeted therapies. For EGFRmut NSCLC, a combination of inhibitors of EGFR and Aurora-A kinase (AURKA), an oncogene commonly overexpressed in solid tumors, has shown promising activity in clinical trials. Interestingly, a number of recent studies have indicated that EGFR activity supports overall viability of tumors lacking EGFR mutations, and AURKA expression is abundant in KRASmut cell lines. In this study, we have evaluated dual inhibition of EGFR and AURKA in KRASmut NSCLC models. These data demonstrate synergy between the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib and the AURKA inhibitor alisertib in reducing cell viability and clonogenic capacity in vitro, associated with reduced activity of EGFR pathway effectors, accumulation of enhanced aneuploid cell populations, and elevated cell death. Importantly, the erlotinib-alisertib combination also synergistically reduces xenograft growth in vivo. Analysis of signaling pathways demonstrated that the combination of erlotinib and alisertib was more effective than single-agent treatments at reducing activity of EGFR and pathway effectors following either brief or extended administration of the drugs. In sum, this study indicates value of inhibiting EGFR in KRASmut NSCLC, and suggests the specific value of dual inhibition of AURKA and EGFR in these tumors.
Significance:
The introduction of specific KRAS G12C inhibitors to the clinical practice in lung cancer has opened up opportunities that did not exist before. However, G12C alterations are only a subtype of all KRAS mutations observed. Given the high expression of AURKA in KRASmut NSCLC, our study could point to a potential therapeutic option for this subgroup of patients.
A influência de um programa de intervenção fisioterapêutica para pacientes com pós-COVID-19: um estudo quase experimental
Authors: Soares Simone Ribeiro da Costa , Mendonça Thayane Gomes de , Siqueira Michel Felipe , Silva Taíza da , Anjos Tatiane Crepaldi dos , Alves Ricardo da Silva , Carlos Bruna Leonel
Published: May 2024

Post-COVID-19 syndrome affects patients regardless of the severity of the disease. The most common symptoms are fatigue, migraine, attention deficit, dyspnea, and depression. Physiotherapeutic intervention has been used as a strategy to aid the rehabilitation of patients. Objective: To analyze the effects of a physiotherapeutic rehabilitation program on quality of life, functional capacity, perceived exertion, perception of pain, and muscle strength in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with 33 participants, divided into two groups: an intervention group (IG) who received the physiotherapeutic rehabilitation program and a control group (CG) who did not. Participants were assessed for strength before and after the intervention period, using handgrip dynamometry and being assessed with a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the six-minute walk test (6MWT) for functional capacity, the BORG scale for exertion perception, and the SF-36 scale for quality of life. Results: A significant increase (p<0.05) in quality of life was observed in the IG in the SF-36 domains of physical functioning, physical role limitations, bodily pain, and increased handgrip strength. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the groups for perceived exertion before and after the intervention. No significant differences were found among the other variables. Conclusion: The physiotherapeutic intervention program improved the quality of life assessed with the SF-36 domains of physical functioning, physical role limitations, and bodily pain, and increased handgrip strength of patients with symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome.
Combinação de terapia por ondas de choque extracorpórea e agulhamento seco no tratamento de lombalgia crônica incapacitante: um relato de caso
Authors: Oliveira Renata Takeyama de , Sikusawa Guilherme Yuiti , Jesus Ana Carolyne Silva de , Uchiyama Sabrina Saemy Tome , Kaziyama Helena Hideko Seguchi , Santos Tatiane Assone dos , Shinzato Gilson Tanaka , Imamura Marta , Battistella Linamara Rizzo
Published: May 2024

Paciente do sexo masculino, 55 anos, apresentava antecedente clínico de radiculopatia lombar abordado cirurgicamente (discectomia e artrodese L5-S1) em dezembro de 2021, com resolução completa da dor associada. Iniciou com quadro de dor pós-operatória de características distintas. A primeira sessão de tratamento iniciou-se com terapia por ondas de choque extracorpóreas focal direcionada ao quadrado lombar, glúteo médio, glúteo mínimo e região peritrocantérica à direita. Posteriormente, associou-se agulhamento seco em pontos-gatilho presentes nesses mesmos 3 músculos e também no ligamento sacrotuberal direito, junto à inserção do glúteo máximo direito. Numa reavaliação uma semana depois, o paciente referiu uma redução de 70% da intensidade da dor inicial. O mesmo tratamento foi repetido, com resolução completa dos sintomas no final da sessão. Três meses depois, o doente manteve o controle álgico e recuperou totalmente a sua funcionalidade e qualidade de vida anteriores. Neste caso de limitação funcional a longo prazo devido a dor lombar crônica, a combinação da terapia por ondas de choque extracorporais e do agulhamento seco resultou num método eficaz e rápido para obter o alívio da dor e restaurar a funcionalidade anterior. No entanto, são necessários mais estudos para investigar o impacto desta combinação de terapias no controle da dor e na perda de funcionalidade devido à dor lombar crônica.
Um panorama sobre a recepção inicial de Perto do coração selvagem
Authors: Carvalho Diego Andrade de
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo se propõe a realizar um panorama sobre a recepção crítica inicial de "Perto do Coração Selvagem" (1943), de Clarice Lispector. A partir de uma seleção de textos críticos e resenhas publicados pouco após o lançamento da obra, se discutem tendências gerais, consonâncias e dissonâncias acerca de avaliações do romance. Para tanto, se recorreu a textos de Antonio Candido, Álvaro Lins, Lauro Escorel, Lêdo Ivo e Sérgio Milliet. Apesar de procedimentos e conclusões diversas, alguns temas são recorrentes, como a estilização da linguagem e certo deslocamento das personagens de uma experimentação considerada normal da realidade.
O nome da rua
Authors: Aragão Emily
Published: May 2024

The story portrays the everyday image of an ordinary woman and her playful interaction with the spaces of the city and life itself, and how they change over time. It focuses on the relationship between external events and their reverberation within her fixed feelings internally, translating life's aspects through images and appealing to memories.
Notas esparsas: Antonio Candido e o Romance de 30
Authors: Arantes Dimitri Takamatsu
Published: May 2024

From the beginning of his career as a literary critic, in the early 1940s, Antonio Candido gave centrality to modernist production, a field in which he developed fundamental elements of his intellectual thinking. In this article, we will reconstitute the main lines of Antonio Candido’s criticism of the so-called romance of the 1930s [Brazilian novels of the 1930]. As this is a favorite subject of the author’s, disseminated in numerous texts covering at least forty years of intellectual activity we will analyze three concepts formulated at different times: the pre-consciousness of underdevelopment, localist de-repression, and the routinization of modernist aesthetics. By approximating these concepts, without necessarily subjecting them to chronological rigidity, in order to avoid evolutionist schematism, we intend to highlight the points of convergence and interest that remained throughout his work. With this, we will argue that the critic seeks to highlight a new stage in Brazilian life inaugurated by the Revolution of the 1930s and characterized, among other things, by the feeling of displacement of the intellectual class in the face of the modernization that was being announced at the time and by the conception of an aesthetic radicalism present above all in the form of the novel.
Presença de Antonio Candido
Authors: Fernandes Ana Clara , Coradini Bruna Martins , Gimenes Max Luiz
Published: May 2024

Editorial do n. 23 da revista Opiniães.
Renewing the Cold War Narrative of “Special” Anglo-American Relations: Commemoration, Performance, and the American Bicentennial
Authors: M. Hendershot Robert , Marsh Steve
Published: May 2024

This article uses the U.S. bicentennial as a case study to develop two themes about U.S.-British relations in the 1970s. First, the performative framework of commemoration was of considerable importance to the “special relationship.” The U.S. and British governments effectively used the bicentennial of an Anglo-American war to enact and popularize a distinctly useful historical narrative—a story of bilateral unity and strength, shared culture, eternal peace, and friendship—that was useful during the Cold War. Commemoration of the bicentennial signaled British recognition that historical and cultural ties offered a robust source of influence in Washington. Second, as the zenith of Anglo-American cooperation during World War II faded in collective memory, the political salience of commemorative events increased during the Cold War. They became contributory to and constitutive of a continually renewing public narrative of “special” Anglo-American relations that interwove times past, present, and future.
Old World species of Trichanthecium (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae) including a new species from the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: OMAR ZULOAGA FERNANDO , ALISCIONI SANDRA , DELFINI CAROLINA , SALARIATO DIEGO LEONEL
Published: May 2024

Studies of African material of the tribe Paniceae (Poaceae) resulted in the transfer of 12 species from Panicum, the description of a new species, and the conclusion that the genus Trichanthecium now consists of 52 species. The new Trichanthecium delimitation was confirmed by phylogenetic studies based on chloroplast ndhF and rbcL sequences. Morphological and anatomical characters are discussed within their pylogenetic context. A new species is described: T. marunguensis. Lectotypes are designated for Panicum aequinerve, P. calvum, P. chionachne, P. hochstetteri var. glaberrimum, P. inaequilatum, P. lepidum, P. mokaense, and P. wiehei. The following new combinations are proposed: T. acrotrichum, T. aequinerve, T. calvum, T. chionachne, T. delicatulum, T. eickii, T. hochstetteri, T. inaequilatum, T. perrieri, T. pusillum, T. striatissimum, and T. wiehei. Full synonymies, descriptions, distribution and habitat information, citation of all specimens and a key to the Old World species of the genus are provided; seven species are illustrated.
Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae, Cichorioideae) in Slovakia IV. Distribution of T. erythrospermum and synonymisation of T. slovacum
Authors: DUDÁŠ MATEJ , KOLARČIK VLADISLAV , ŠUVADA RÓBERT , VAŠUT RADIM J.
Published: May 2024

The group of lesser dandelions (Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma) is represented by more than 215 species growing in mostly xerothermic habitats throughout Europe. The only known species with sexual reproduction in this section is the diploid T. erythrospermum. It occurs in southern parts of Europe and reaches its northern limit in central Europe. In this study, we aimed at a detailed mapping of the species distribution in Slovakia in order to understand the spatial distribution at its northern range limits. We found that it is the most common xerothermous species in Slovakia, growing on various substrates such as limestone, dolomite, travertine, volcanic rocks and sands, while it is less common on brown soils and ruderal biotopes. It is a characteristic species of the class Festuco-Brometea with an altitudinal range extending from 120 to 650 m above sea level. We delimited the northern distribution and documented its highest occurrence at approximately ca 1500 m a.s.l. Two taxa, T. slovacum and T. punctatum, were described from the territory of Slovakia and we discuss their relationships to T. erythrospermum, with which T. slovacum is synonymised here for the first time. We also present new data on the genome size of T. erythrospermum in Slovakia, which range from 1.529 to 1.604 pg with a mean of 1.554 pg (± 0.024 SD), and provide chorological data on a remarkable morphological variant with grey-coloured achenes.
Dichorisandra flesheri (Commelinaceae), a new delicate species from South Bahia, Brazil
Authors: AONA LIDYANNE Y. S. , DE SOUZA EVERTON HILO , BITTRICH VOLKER , AMARAL MARIA DO CARMO E. DO
Published: May 2024

We describe, discuss, and illustrate Dichorisandra flesheri, a new species endemic to the Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia state, Brazil, based on field and herbarium studies. The species was assessed as ‘Endangered’, especially for its restricted distribution and differs strongly from other species of the genus by a set of characters that includes stem, leaves and inflorescence with a hairy indument, a pendulous inflorescence and flowers with six stamens, anthers slightly sagittate at base, yellowish, opening introrsely with longitudinal slits, but functionally poricidal. Discussion of relevant characters, comparisons with similar species, descriptions, distribution map of the species, information on conservation status and illustrations are provided.
On the Pterostichus subgenus Wraseiellus from China: descriptions of five new species and supplementary notes on taxonomy (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors: CHEN JIA-HENG , YIN WEN-QI , SHI HONG-LIANG
Published: May 2024

A total of five new species of the subgenus Wraseiellus Shi & Sciaky, 2013 are described: P. (Wraseiellus) hemichlorus sp. nov. (Xizang, Gyirong County, alt. 2934m), P. (Wraseiellus) idiopterus sp. nov. (Yunnan, Weixi County, alt. 2771m), P. (Wraseiellus) pseudandrewesi sp. nov. (Sichuan, Butuo County, alt. 3218m), P. (Wraseiellus) leishanensis sp. nov. (Guizhou, Leigongshan, alt. 2110m) and P. (Wraseiellus) strumatus sp. nov. (Sichuan, Emeishan, alt. 1900m). Supplementary subgeneric diagnosis and an updated key to the subgenus Wraseiellus are provided, based on all thirteen recognized species and one subspecies.
Emission Spectra of Uranium Particulates at High Temperature
Authors: Weerakkody Emily N. , Dubowsky Scott E. , Glumac Nick G.
Published: May 2024

The emission spectrum of micron-scale uranium particulates at high temperatures in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral regions is investigated using a heterogeneous shock tube. Temperatures from 3000 to 9000 K are characterized in an inert argon environment and with incremental amounts of added oxygen. Atomic line spectra do not emerge above the continuum emission spectrum until between 4500 and 5000 K in pure argon, and 6100 and 6600 K in 1% oxygen. For 5% oxygen, however, the threshold for atomic emission drops below 3800 K. Uranium monoxide molecular emission in the strongest visible band at 595.4 nm is not observed at any condition. Uncertainties in particle temperature determination in high-temperature shock tube environments are discussed, and limitations to such measurements are presented, such as those from experimental factors such as the powder loading method and expected detection limits of uranium species in relevant conditions.
Fissure Sealants or Fluoride Varnish? A Randomized Pragmatic Split-Mouth Trial
Authors: Uhlen-Strand M.-M. , Stangvaltaite-Mouhat L. , Mdala I. , Volden Klepaker I. , Wang N.J. , Skudutyte-Rysstad R.
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of resin-based fissure sealants (FS) and fluoride varnish (FV) in children at high caries risk. A practice-based split-mouth randomized clinical trial was conducted at 9 Public Dental Service (PDS) clinics in Norway. In total, 409 children age 6 to 10 y at high caries risk (d3mft > 0) meeting inclusion criteria were recruited by dentists and dental hygienists during routine examination. Eligibility criteria were 2 fully erupted first permanent molars (FPMs) in the same jaw, with sound occlusal surfaces or with initial caries. Participation was voluntary, caregivers and eligible children were informed about the study, and written parental consent was obtained. FS and FV were randomly applied on contralateral FPMs in the same jaw, with each participant serving as their own control. FS was applied at baseline and thereafter maintained according to clinicians’ conventional procedures, whereas FV was applied at baseline, 6 mo, and 12 mo. The study outcome was success, with no need for invasive treatment (caries control), while failure was defined as dentin carious lesion or restoration. Two-level mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was used to compare FS and FV groups. Of 409 recruited children, 369 (90%) children/tooth pairs were examined after 36 mo. Intention-to-treat analysis showed 94.1% adjusted predicted probability (aPP) of success (95% confidence interval [CI] 91.7 to 96.4) in the FS group and 89.6% aPP (95% CI 86.5 to 92.7) in the FV group. In the adjusted analysis, the FV group had a lower OR for success compared with the FS group (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.87). In the population studied, the clinical effectiveness of FS was statistically significantly higher compared with FV but below the estimated minimal clinically important difference of 10%.
Research on digital-visual evaluation method of down fibers odor
Authors: Sun Yaqian , Fan Xiacan , Pan Jianjun , Zhang Xiaoting , Zhao Yuling , Guo Hong , Min Jie
Published: May 2024

Down is often used as a natural filler for warm clothing, but the odor of down is one of the issues that affects the performance of warm clothing applications. At present, the evaluation of down odor mostly uses the human olfactory evaluation method, which has low reproducibility and accuracy. This article first uses the method of activated carbon gas extraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to identify five down odor compounds that can be detected in a stable way, as representative compounds of down odor. Then, a simple direct impregnate extraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method was used to determine the exact concentration of odor compounds in down fibers. Finally, an odor level radar chart was constructed by analyzing the concentration of odor representative compounds of levels 1–5 in down. The digital visual evaluation method was composed of direct impregnate extraction combined with radar chart to judge the down odor level and compared to the human olfactory method. The results indicate that the radar chart evaluation has relatively accurate evaluation results and is more objective and accurate than the human olfactory method. This method for evaluating the odor level of down is simple and reliable, and has certain promotion and application prospects in the down production industry.
African Urban Studies: Contributions and Challenges
Authors: Croese Sylvia , Wood Astrid
Published: May 2024

Scholarship on African cities represents a growing yet still scarce subfield in urban studies, especially considering the scale and variety of African urbanisation patterns. The purpose of this Virtual Special Issue is to review the scholarship published on urban Africa in Urban Studies over the past five decades. In this Editorial, we reflect on the contributions of African urban scholarship and present a selection of articles to highlight the ways in which it has shaped key fields of urban studies. We also note the challenges that underpin ongoing lacunae in urban knowledge production and suggest directions for future work. This discussion provides a lens on our understandings of the urban condition in Africa and the general trajectory of urban scholarship.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Retinopathy of Prematurity Among Neonatal Intensive Care Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Abutrabi Ibrahim H. , Ayed Ahmad , Malak Malakeh Z. , Batran Ahmad
Published: May 2024

It is important to study the awareness of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among neonatal care nurses in hospitals. Unfortunately, there is a lack of studies conducted among nurses on this subject in Palestine. Thus, this study purposed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward ROP among neonatal intensive care nurses in Palestine. A cross-sectional was used to conduct this study. A convenience sampling method was utilized to recruit 289 neonate intensive care nurses working in private and governmental hospitals. The findings showed that around 48.0% of the nurses had low knowledge about preventing ROP. Most of the nurses (78%) reported a neutral attitude toward preventing ROP. Moreover, overall nurses’ practices regarding ROP were fair (57.1%). There was a difference in practices regarding ROP according to the health sector ( P < .05), in which the private sector had better practices compared to the governmental sector. Additionally, there was a significant difference in knowledge regarding ROP according to educational level ( P < .05). Also, a significant difference was found in knowledge and practices regarding ROP according to nurses’ experience. Attitudes and practices were the main significant predictors of knowledge ( B = 0.153, P < .05; B = 0.172, P < .05, respectively). Knowledge and practices were the main predictors of attitudes ( B = 0.126, P < .05; B = 469, P < .001), respectively. Knowledge, attitudes, and experience in neonate intensive care nurses were the main significant predictors of practices ( B = 0.135, P < .05; B = 0.449, P < .001; B = 0.224, P < .05, respectively). It is necessary to develop an educational program and competency-based training programs for neonate intensive care nurses about ROP and implement preventive strategies.
Finite-time resilient control for uncertain periodic piecewise polynomial time-varying systems
Authors: Thilagamani Velusamy , Sakthivel Rathinasamy , Satheesh Thangavel , Mohammadzadeh Ardashir , Sasirekha Rathinasamy
Published: May 2024

This study explores the problem of finite-time resilient control for periodic piecewise polynomial time-varying systems in the face of parameter uncertainties, time-varying state delays and external disturbances. Particularly, the considered system is characterized by dividing the fundamental period of periodic systems into numerous subintervals, each of which can be expressed by using matrix polynomial functions. The foremost intention of this work is to lay out a resilient controller such that the resulting closed-loop system is finite-time bounded and satisfies a mixed [Formula: see text] and passivity performance index. Furthermore, by constructing a periodic piecewise time-varying Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, a delay-dependent sufficient condition is established in line with Wiritinger’s inequality and matrix polynomial lemma to guarantee the needed outcomes of the system under study. Following this, the gain matrix of the devised controller can be calculated by solving the established constraints. As a final step, we conclude with a numerical example that validates the potential and importance of the theoretical discoveries and the developed control scheme.
Understanding Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Iran: a systematic review of case reports
Authors: Mohebbi Alireza , Motamedaria Parastoo , Naderi Malihe , Hassanpour Mina , Salavatiha Zahra , Makouei Mahsa , Ataei-Pirkooh Angila
Published: May 2024

Objective

To systematically review the reported cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in Iran.

Methods

A comprehensive literature review of CJD cases in Iran was undertaken using the PubMed®, Scopus® and Google Scholar databases. In addition, the Iranian database MagIran was searched for Persian language reports. Case selection used the following criteria: (i) patients of Iranian origin; (ii) publication in peer-reviewed journals or reputable medical databases; (iii) a definitive diagnosis of CJD based on established diagnostic criteria.

Results

Thirteen cases from twelve reports were included in this systematic review. The majority of the cases were female (11 of 13; 84.6%). The mean ± SD age of patients at hospital admission was 59.38 ± 7.44 years. The findings of the case review suggested that the prevalence of CJD in Iran is not fully established. CJD may be misdiagnosed alongside other clinical signs. The most prevalent early indications of the disease were psychiatric and neurological in nature. A considerable delay in diagnosis was observed in some cases and there was a shortage of brain autopsy records.

Conclusion

Efforts to improve diagnostic capabilities, promote awareness and establish monitoring systems are necessary for managing the challenges of providing an early diagnosis of CJD in Iran.