bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BANNING CERTAIN ACTIONS: A STEP FORWARD
Authors: Литвина Л.М.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье проведен правовой анализ одного из последних нововведенных видов мер пресечения в российском законодательстве – запрета определенных действий.
Материалы и методы: в рамках подготовки статьи применялись общенаучный методологический подход, в процессе исследования – методы частнонаучные (анализ, синтез, обобщение, диалектики) и специальные (юридическо-технический и сравнительно-правовой). В качестве материалов исследования выступили статистические данные 2019 года о количестве назначения судами исследуемой нами меры пресечения, материалы правоприменительной практики Верховного Суда Российской Федерации за 2019 год.
Результатыисследования:наоснованиипроведенногоисследованияавторпришелквыводу,чтосамоймягкой из перечня судебных мер пресечения является запрет определенных действий. Данная мера обеспечивает свободуличности,согласуетсясобщепризнанныминормамимеждународногоправа,повышаетэффективностьуголовного преследования, позволяет экономить бюджетные средства, выступает предпосылкой дальнейшей гуманизации российскогоуголовно-процессуальногозаконодательства.Выявленныйзаконодательныйпробелввидеотсутствия указания в ч. 8 ст. 105.1 Уголовно-процессуального кодекса РФ и в других нормативных правовых актах о праве подозреваемого/обвиняемого на использование средств связи и сети Интернет с целью общения с защитником предложено восполнить путем внесения в указанные нормативные правовые акты соответствующих дополнений. Обсуждения и заключения: автор пришел к заключению о необходимости более широкого применения в следственно-судебной практике исследуемой меры пресечения с целью сокращения количественных показателей применения альтернативных мер. По мнению автора статьи, данная проблема требует дальнейшего научного
осмысления.
INVECTIVES AS A SUBJECT OF LINGUISTIC EXPERTISE OF TEXTS IN INSULT CASES
Authors: Файзуллина Э.Ф.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье рассматриваются некоторые актуальные вопросы исследования инвектив при производстве лингвистической экспертизы по делам об оскорблении.
Материалы и методы: материалом к проведенному исследованию послужили труды по вопросам проведения лингвистической экспертизы, по отдельным разделам языкознания, в частности лексикологии, а также материалы проведенных досудебных лингвистических исследований. При подготовке статьи применялись социологический, статистический, документальный методы, позволившие сформулировать основные выводы.
Результаты исследования: в статье дан анализ некоторых особенностей лингвистической экспертизы по делам об оскорблении с точки зрения лингвиста-эксперта, проводящего подобного рода исследования, приведен фрагмент лингвистического исследования по делу об оскорблении, намечены дальнейшие пути по совершенствованию экспертной деятельности.
Обсуждение и заключения: автор полагает, что всестороннее обсуждение проблем, поднимаемых лингвистами при проведении лингвистической экспертизы по делам об оскорблении, будет способствовать выработке сообществом лингвистов-экспертов единых критериев оценки факта оскорбления.
SOCIAL ENGINEERING AS AN OBJECT OF FORENSIC STUDY
Authors: Старостенко Н.И.
Published: April 2021

Введение: статья посвящена рассмотрению понятия социальной инженерии, используемой мошенниками в корыстных целях.
Материалы и методы: материальную базу статьи составили нормы действующего российского законодательства, научные труды авторов, рассматривающих вопросы социальной инженерии, и статистические данные о состоянии преступности в России, в частности, тенденции роста количества преступлений, совершенных с использованием информационно-телекоммуникационных технологий. В ходе исследования применялись следующие общенаучные методы: анализ, синтез, дедукция и частнонаучные методы: формально-юридический, статистический.
Результаты исследования: подробно рассматриваются цели, сущность, а также причины, в связи с которыми злоумышленник применяет психологические техники социальной инженерии в преступной деятельности, анализируются различные точки зрения понятия рассматриваемого явления.
Обсуждение и заключения: предлагается авторское определение мошенничества с использованием методов социальной инженерии, а также криминалистическое понимание прямой и обратной социальной инженерии. В работе также обращается внимание на значимость изучения особенностей обозначенного вида преступности для повышения эффективности раскрытия и расследования преступлений правоохранительными органами.
METHODS OF INVESTIGATION OF GRIEVOUS BODILY HARM BY MEDICAL PERSONNEL
Authors: Амиров Р.Г.
Published: April 2021

Введение: статья посвящена анализу методики расследования причинения тяжкого вреда здоровью, совершенного медицинскими работниками.
Материалы и методы: методологическую основу исследования составляет общенаучный диалектический метод познания закономерностей объективных явлений и процессов реальной действительности, имеющих место в сфере деятельности правоохранительных органов, в том числе по вопросам расследования уголовных дел. В процессе исследования использовалась совокупность общенаучных и частнонаучных методов, таких как сравнение, анализ, синтез, формально-логический, структур- но-функциональный.
Результаты исследования: выявлены типичные следственные ситуации при расследовании причинения тяжкого вреда здоровью медицинскими работниками.
Обсуждение и заключения: предложен алгоритм следственных действий для расследования причинения тяжкого вредя здоровью медицинскими работниками.
ELECTION OF HEADS OF MUNICIPALITIES ON A COMPETITIVE BASIS: RESTRICTION OF PEOPLE'S POWER OR IMPROVEMENT OF THE INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL REPRESENTATION?
Authors: Корсун К.И.
Published: April 2021

Введение: в статье исследуется институт народного представительства в части избрания глав муниципальных образований с использованием конкурсной модели. Автор последовательно анализирует положительные и отрицательные аспекты избрания глав муниципальных образований по конкурсу.
Материалы и методы: приоритетным методологическим принципом является системный подход, в основе которого лежит диалектическое единство общего, особенного и единичного. Среди всеобщих методов познания особое место отводится диалектическому, герменевтическому и синергетическому методам. Общенаучные методы исследования представлены контент-анализом и теоретико-правовым моделированием. Широкое применение получили специальные юридические методы, такие как формально-юридический, специально-юридический, технико-юридический. Материалом исследования послужило законодательство Республик Башкортостан и Татарстан, Белгородской, Свердловской, Тюменской, Челябинской областей, а также Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа, в которых главы муниципальных образований верхнего уровня выбираются не на прямых выборах. Автор рассматривает подобную практику как противоречащую принципам народного представительства.
Обзор литературы: включает в себя нормативные правовые акты федерального, регионального и местного уровня, научную литературу, а также материалы периодических изданий и средств массой информации.
Результаты исследования: на основе проведенного исследования автор приходит к выводу, что конкурсная модель избрания глав муниципальных образований существует в современной правоприменительной практике, однако требует существенных корректировок в части способа формирования конкурсных комиссий для отбора кандидатов на должность глав муниципальных образований.
Обсуждениe и заключения: автор предлагает такую модель формирования конкурсных комиссий для отбора кандидатов на должность глав муниципальных образований, в ходе реализации которой половина членов конкурсной комиссии назначается представительным органом муниципального образования, а половина – населением муниципального образования. Автор статьи полагает, что рассматриваемая тема требует дальнейшего научного изучения в целях моделирования конкретных законодательных предложений для совершенствования института народного представительства.
INTERACTION BETWEEN PUBLIC CHAMBERS OF MUNICIPALITIES AND PUBLIC CHAMBERS OF CONSTITUENT ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Сафин Д.А.
Published: April 2021

Введение: статья посвящена проблемам взаимодействия общественных палат регионального и муниципального уровня. Исследование взаимодействия общественных палат региона и общественных палат муниципального уровня обусловлено развитием института общественного контроля. В работе представлены результаты комплексного анализа механизмов взаимодействия между общественными палатами субъектов РФ и общественными палатами муниципальных образований.
Материалы и методы: при проведении настоящего исследования были проанализированы сайты общественных палат субъектов РФ на наличие информации о формах взаимодействия общественной палаты региона и общественной палаты муниципального уровня. Основу проведенного эмпирического исследования составили документы, разработанные общественными палатами субъектов РФ по вопросам взаимодействия с общественными палатами муниципальных образований.
Результаты исследования: установлено, что в законодательстве РФ отсутствует детально регламентированный механизм взаимодействия между общественными палатами регионального и муниципального уровня, что создает правовую неопределенность. Выявлено, что пробелы в правовом регулировании общественных отношений по вопросам взаимодействия общественных палат регионального и муниципального уровня устраняются посредством заключения соглашения. Представлен анализ современных практик взаимодействия общественных палат субъектов Российской Федерации и муниципальных образований, изложены существующие научные представления о таком взаимодействии.
Обсуждение и заключения: предлагается внедрение в законодательство Российской Федерации отдельных нормативных решений, направленных на обеспечение повышения эффективности взаимодействия общественных палат с учетом их функций и роли в организации институтов гражданского общества.
ACTIVITIES OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN CONDUCTING INVESTIGATIONS IN ELECTRONIC FORMAT
Authors: Алиуллов Р.Р.
Published: April 2021

Введение: статья посвящена рассмотрению организационных и правовых аспектов деятельности правоохранительных органов Республики Казахстан, осуществляющих расследование уголовных дел в электронном формате.
Материалы и методы: нормативную основу исследования составила правовая база Республики Казахстан, регламентирующая деятельность правоохранительных органов, осуществляющих рас- следование уголовных дел в электронном формате (государственные программы, законы, Уголовно- процессуальный кодекс Республики Казахстан, ведомственные акты). Методологическую основу ис- следования составляет общенаучный диалектический метод познания закономерностей объективных явлений и процессов реальной действительности, имеющих место в сфере деятельности правоохра- нительных органов, в том числе по вопросам расследования уголовных дел. Вместе с тем в процессе исследования использовалась совокупность общенаучных и частнонаучных методов, таких как сравнение, анализ, синтез, формально-логический, структурно-функциональный методы.
Результаты исследования: проведено исследование деятельности правоохранительных органов Республики Казахстан, осуществляющих расследование уголовных дел в электронном формате; сформулирован ряд предложений по совершенствованию правового механизма указанной деятельности.
Обсуждение и заключения: автор пришел к выводу, что механизм, алгоритм и специфика деятельности правоохранительных органов в рамках досудебного расследования уголовных дел в электронном формате представляют интерес для России и могут быть внедрены в практику деятельности российских правоохранительных органов.
TYPES OF INDIVIDUAL REGULATION OF LEGAL RELATIONS IN THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL SPHERE
Authors: Гумеров Л.А.
Published: April 2021

Введение: статья посвящена исследованию особенностей индивидуального регулирования правоотношений, возникающих в научно-технологической сфере.
Материалы и методы: материалами исследования послужили правовые акты, результаты судебной практики, научные труды С.С. Алексеева, В.В. Ершова, Т.В. Кашаниной, И.А. Минникеса, Ф.Н. Фаткуллина и др. Методологической основой исследования является диалектический метод, в соответствии с которым использованы общенаучные методы анализа и синтеза, дедукции, а также применены частнонаучные методы: сравнительно-правовой, формально-юридический и метод толкования права.
Результаты исследования: обращено внимание на особенности индивидуального регулирования правоотношений, возникающих в научно-технологической сфере. Обоснована специфика индивиду- ального договорного регулирования, индивидуального судебного регулирования и саморегулирования. Представлена теоретико-правовая характеристика преимуществ указанных видов индивидуального ре- гулирования правоотношений в научно-технологической сфере.
Обсуждение и заключения: предлагается унифицировать нормы права, регламентирующие договорное регулирование правоотношений, возникающих в научно-технологической сфере. Обосновывается возможность совершенствования саморегулирования в результате принятия Стандарта этики научно-технологической деятельности, а также развития коллективного саморегулирования в научно-технологической сфере в части инновационной деятельности.
Nedir Bu Tandem Emzirme?
Authors: GÖNCÜ SERHATLIOĞLU Seda , YILMAZ Elif
Published: April 2021

Anne sütü, intrauterin yaşam sonrası dünyaya gelen bebeğin hem fizyolojik hem de sosyal anlamda doyumunu sağlayan en temel besin kaynağıdır. İlk altı ay sadece anne sütü alımı ve emzirmenin iki yaşına kadar devam ettirilmesi Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), Amerika Pediatri Akademisi (AAP) gibi birçok kuruluş tarafından önerilmektedir. Günümüzde birçok sebeple ilk altı ay içinde ek gıdaya başlanması ya da emzirmenin sonlandırılması gibi durumlarla karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu sebeplerden biri de laktasyon döneminde annenin yeniden gebe kalmasıdır. Bu durumda gebe kadının bebeğini emzirmeyi sonlandırması gerektiği, emzirdiğinde intrauterin bebeğin gelişemeyeceği ya da meme ucunun uyarılmasıyla artan oksitosinin abortus, erken doğum tehdidi gibi gebelik komplikasyonlarına sebep olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Tandem emzirme, annenin doğum sonrası yeni doğan bebeği ile birlikte, emzirme döneminde olan büyük bebeğini emzirmeye devam etmesidir. Gebelik sürecinde emzirme gibi doğum sonrası her iki bebeğin emzirilmesinin de yeni doğan ve büyük bebek için çeşitli komplikasyonlara neden olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu derleme tandem emzirme konusunda toplum ve sağlık çalışanlarının bilgi eksikliğini gidermek, konu hakkında bilinç uyandırmak amacıyla yazılmıştır.
A kriminalisztikai szagazonosítás szerepe a büntetőeljárásban
Authors: Kovács Norbert Antal
Published: April 2021

The author provides an overview of the importance and potential role of scent-identification in criminal investigations.
Active Optical Control with Machine Learning: A Proof of Concept for the Vera C. Rubin Observatory
Authors: Yin Jun E. , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Finkbeiner Douglas P. , Stubbs Christopher W. , Wang Yue
Published: April 2021

The Active Optics System of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory (Rubin) uses information provided by four wave front sensors to determine deviations between the reconstructed wave front and the ideal wave front. The observed deviations are used to adjust the control parameters of the optical system to maintain image quality across the 3.°5 field of view. The baseline approach from the project is to obtain amplitudes of the Zernike polynomials describing the distorted wave front from out-of-focus images collected by the wave front sensors. These Zernike amplitudes are related via an “influence matrix” to the control parameters necessary to correct the wave front. In this paper, we use deep-learning methods to extract the control parameters directly from the images captured by the wave front sensors. Our neural net model uses anti-aliasing pooling to boost performance, and a domain-specific loss function to aid learning and generalization. The accuracy of the control parameters derived from our model exceeds Rubin requirements even in the presence of full-moon background levels and mis-centering of reference stars. Although the training process is time consuming, model evaluation requires only a few milliseconds. This low latency should allow for the correction of the optical configuration during the readout and slew interval between successive exposures.
The Causes of Peripheral Coronal Loop Contraction and Disappearance Revealed in a Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation of Solar Eruption
Authors: Wang Juntao , Jiang Chaowei , Yuan Ding , Zou Peng
Published: April 2021

The phenomenon of peripheral coronal loop contraction during solar flares and eruptions, recently discovered in observations, has gradually drawn the attention of solar physicists. However, its underlying physical mechanism is still uncertain. One possible mechanism is Hudson’s implosion conjecture, which attributes the contraction of peripheral coronal loops to magnetic pressure reduction in the magnetic energy liberation core, while other researchers proposed alternative explanations. In previous observational studies we also note the disappearance of peripheral shrinking loops in the late phase, of which there is a lack of investigation and interpretation. In this paper, we exploit a full MHD simulation of solar eruption to study the causes of the two phenomena. It is found that the loop motion in the periphery is well correlated with magnetic energy accumulation and dissipation in the core, and the loop shrinkage is caused by a more significant reduction in magnetic pressure gradient force than in magnetic tension force, consistent with the implosion conjecture. The peripheral contracting loops in the late phase act as inflow to reconnect with central erupting structures, which destroys their identities and naturally explains their disappearance. We also propose a positive feedback between the peripheral magnetic reconnection and the central eruption.
Fostering Computational Thinking Through Data Visualization and Design on Secondary School Students
Authors: Özkök Güldem Alev
Published: April 2021

This research aims to model the process of data visualization (DV) and design to facilitate computational thinking (CT) of secondary-level students. As an interdisciplinary method for visualizing complex data, creating data visualizations requires learners to analyze data from knowledge of pure and applied science. This study investigates creating DV to facilitate CT as an interdisciplinary method which combines mathematics and information technology. The study was carried out using synthesised design-based research (DBR) method by conducting two cycles comprised of five phases: problem analysis within real-life context, design solution, develop solution, evaluate in practice and reflection. CT dimensions (decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithm design) were tested by using the Computational Thinking through Data Visualization Rubric and reflection form acquired during implementation. The sample consisted of secondary school students in the data visualization creation process with 27 in the first cycle and 31 in the second cycle. This research proposes a model to facilitate development of CT by DV with the analysis of complex data, creating an effective method by enabling analytics and visualizing data. The proposed DV development process facilitating CT has the potential to inform research on interdisciplinary learning environments.
Thirty-five new species of the spider genus Pimoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) from Pan-Himalaya
Authors: Xu Hao , Zhang Xiaoqing , Yao Zhiyuan , Ali Abid , Li Shuqiang
Published: April 2021

Thirty-five new species of the Pimoa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 are described from Pan-Himalaya: P. anning Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. bomi Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. cawarong Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. daman Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. danba Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. deqen Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. dongjiu Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. guiqing Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. gyaca Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. gyara Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. gyirong Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. heishui Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. jinchuan Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. khaptad Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. koshi Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. lhatog Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. mechi Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. miandam Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. miero Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. mude Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. muli Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. naran Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. ninglang Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. nyalam Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. phaplu Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. putou Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. rara Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. sangri Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. shigatse Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. tengchong Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. xiahe Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. yejiei Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. yele Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. zayu Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. zhigangi Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀). The DNA barcodes of the thirty-five new species are provided.
Studies on the genus Psephenothrips Reyes from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae), with one new species
Authors: Dang Li-Hong , Zhao Lin-Peng , Li Yan-Qiao , Qiao Ge-Xia
Published: April 2021

Species from China of the Asian genusPsephenothripsare reviewed, withP. eriobotryaesp. nov.collected from the leaves ofEriobotrya japonicain Sichuan Province. A key to the five species known from China is provided and the COI sequence of the new species is also given.
Internal control for a non-local Schrödinger equation involving the fractional Laplace operator
Authors: Biccari Umberto
Published: April 2021

We analyze the interior controllability problem for a non-local Schrödinger equation involving the fractional Laplace operator \begin{document}$ (-\Delta)^{\, {s}}{} $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ s\in(0, 1) $\end{document}, on a bounded \begin{document}$ C^{1, 1} $\end{document} domain \begin{document}$ \Omega\subset{\mathbb{R}}^N $\end{document}. We first consider the problem in one space dimension and employ spectral techniques to prove that, for \begin{document}$ s\in[1/2, 1) $\end{document}, null-controllability is achieved through an \begin{document}$ L^2(\omega\times(0, T)) $\end{document} function acting in a subset \begin{document}$ \omega\subset\Omega $\end{document} of the domain. This result is then extended to the multi-dimensional case by applying the classical multiplier method, joint with a Pohozaev-type identity for the fractional Laplacian.
Controllability of Hilfer fractional integro-differential equations of Sobolev-type with a nonlocal condition in a Banach space
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Jeet Kamal , Vats Ramesh Kumar
Published: April 2021

This paper aims to establish sufficient conditions for the exact controllability of the nonlocal Hilfer fractional integro-differential system of Sobolev-type using the theory of propagation family \begin{document}$ \{P(t), \; t\geq0\} $\end{document} generated by the operators \begin{document}$ A $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ R $\end{document}. For proving the main result we do not impose any condition on the relation between the domain of the operators \begin{document}$ A $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ R $\end{document}. We also do not assume that the operator \begin{document}$ R $\end{document} has necessarily a bounded inverse. The main tools applied in our analysis are the theory of measure of noncompactness, fractional calculus, and Sadovskii's fixed point theorem. Finally, we provide an example to show the application of our main result.
Improved boundary regularity for a Stokes-Lamé system
Authors: Bucci Francesca
Published: April 2021

This paper recalls a partial differential equations system, which is the linearization of a recognized fluid-elasticity interaction three-dimensional model. A collection of regularity results for the traces of the fluid variable on the interface between the body and the fluid is established, in the case a suitable boundary dissipation is present. These regularity estimates are geared toward ensuring the well-posedness of the Riccati equations which arise from the associated optimal boundary control problems on a finite as well as infinite time horizon. The theory of operator semigroups and interpolation provide the main tools.
Uncertain spring vibration equation
Authors: Jia Lifen , Dai Wei
Published: April 2021

The spring vibration equation is to model the behavior of a spring which has a time varying force acting on it. The stochastic spring vibration equation was proposed for modeling spring vibration phenomena with noise described by Wiener process. However, there exists a paradox in some cases. Thus, as a counterpart, this paper proposes uncertain spring vibration equation driven by Liu process to describe the noise. Moreover, the analytic solution of uncertain spring vibration equation is derived and the inverse uncertainty distribution of solution is proved. At last, this paper presents a paradox of stochastic spring vibration equation.
Optimal $ Z $-eigenvalue inclusion intervals of tensors and their applications
Authors: Sang Caili , Chen Zhen
Published: April 2021

Firstly, a weakness of Theorem 3.2 in [Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 17(2) (2021) 687-693] is pointed out. Secondly, a new Geršgorin-type \begin{document}$ Z $\end{document}-eigenvalue inclusion interval for tensors is given. Subsequently, another Geršgorin-type \begin{document}$ Z $\end{document}-eigenvalue inclusion interval with parameters for even order tensors is presented. Thirdly, by selecting appropriate parameters some optimal intervals are provided and proved to be tighter than some existing results. Finally, as an application, some sufficient conditions for the positive definiteness of homogeneous polynomial forms as well as the asymptotically stability of time-invariant polynomial systems are obtained. As another application, bounds of \begin{document}$ Z $\end{document}-spectral radius of weakly symmetric nonnegative tensors are presented, which are used to estimate the convergence rate of the greedy rank-one update algorithm and derive bounds of the geometric measure of entanglement of symmetric pure state with nonnegative amplitudes.
Reflexiones y criterios relativos a la creación de modelos BIM de edificios históricos
Authors: Martín Talaverano Rafael , Murillo Fragero José Ignacio , Utrero Agudo María de los Ángeles
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo fundamental analizar el proceso de creación del modelo BIM aplicado al ámbito de los edificios históricos, considerando las singularidades de los mismos para lograr un uso adecuado y eficaz. Para ello, se han estudiado tres casos de construcciones pertenecientes al conjunto de la arquitectura altomedieval hispana, en los cuales se han desarrollado distintas estrategias de modelado para analizar aspectos como el nivel de detalle o el de precisión métrica, así como el nivel de desarrollo (LOD) adaptado a las particularidades de la arquitectura histórica. Como resultado de esta investigación, se expone una serie de conclusiones que giran en torno a las claves para alcanzar la viabilidad de la aplicación de la metodología BIM en el ámbito del patrimonio cultural, tanto en la fase de creación del modelo como en relación con el uso del mismo.
Le « voleur dans la loi » comme horizon
Authors: Ferry Maroussia
Published: April 2021

En Géorgie postsoviétique, le « voleur dans la loi » est une figure identificatoire centrale qui irrigue les socialités et l’univers moral des hommes pauvres, de leurs amitiés masculines de rue aux désignations hiérarchiques dans les cours d’école. Durant les années de crise aiguë après la chute de l’URSS, les « voleurs dans la loi » étaient particulièrement réputés et admirés pour les formes de solidarités et de justice coutumière qu’ils exerçaient localement. L’enquête ethnographique menée auprès de ces hors-la-loi permet de retracer leur itinéraire moral, dans un pays aujourd’hui en crise économique et morale, dans lequel les masculinités sont mises à l’épreuve d’un monde social perçu comme corrompu par le capitalisme et la prédation économique.
Le ciel est à nous
Authors: Aubin-Boltanski Emma , Magniez Thierry
Published: April 2021

Le bidonville de Hayy Gharbé, dans la banlieue sud de Beyrouth, est majoritairement habité depuis 2011 par des réfugiés originaires du nord de la Syrie. Ceux-ci sont passés en quelques années d’une économie de la violence à une autre. De la barbarie d’un régime de terreur enraciné depuis 1963 en Syrie au chaos généré par la guerre civile, en passant par la brutalité de l’État islamique, ils sont désormais aux prises avec la violence des voyous (zu’rân) et des hommes de main (qabadayât) qui règnent sur Hayy Gharbé. Pour survivre, ils doivent apprendre à construire et à renouveler des alliances toujours incertaines et précaires. Cet apprentissage social est analysé, en images, à travers le portrait d’un Aleppin, Muhammad, qui doit d’autant plus composer avec les zu’rân et les qabadayât du bidonville qu’il partage avec certains de ces hommes une passion pour le « jeu des pigeons ». Depuis les toits de Beyrouth, théâtres d’une violence arbitraire, ces oiseaux cristallisent les jeux de pouvoir du bidonville.
RECONSTRUCTION OF HIGH-RESOLUTION HEPATIC TUMOR CT IMAGES USING AN AUGMENTATION-BASED SUPER-RESOLUTION TECHNIQUE
Authors: Farhadi Moslem , Foruzan Amir Hossein , Esfandiarkhani Mina , Chen Yen-Wei , Hu Hongjie
Published: April 2021

Improving the resolution of medical images is crucial in diagnosis, feature extraction, and data retrieval. A significant group of super-resolution algorithms is multi-frame techniques. However, they are not appropriate to medical data since they need several frames of the same scene, which bring a high risk of radiation or require a considerable acquisition time. We propose a new data augmentation technique and employ it in a multi-frame image reconstruction algorithm to improve the resolution of pathologic liver CT images. The input to our algorithm is a 3D CT-scan of the abdominal region. Neighboring slices are considered to increase the resolution of a single slice. Augmented slices are prepared using the nearby slices and the interpolation approach. The new data is aligned to the original slice, and it is used as an augmented version of the data. Then, a multi-frame scheme is utilized to reconstruct the high-resolution image. Our method’s novelty is to remove the need for multiple scans of a patent to employ multi-resolution techniques in medical applications. The results reveal that the proposed method is superior to conventional interpolation methods and available augmentation techniques. Compared to the tricubic interpolation, the proposed method improved the PSNR by 3.1. Concerning conventional augmentation techniques, it enhanced the SSIM measure by 0.06. The proposed algorithm improved the SSIM by 0.11 compared to traditional interpolation techniques and 0.1 for recent researches. Therefore, a multi-frame super-resolution technique has the potential to reconstruct medical data better.
The Effectiveness Obstructive Sleep Apnea Monitoring Using Telemedicine Smartphone System (TmSS)
Authors: Wisana I Dewa Gede Hari , Nugraha Priyambada Cahya , Estiwidani Dwiana
Published: April 2021

Data at the world health organization shows that around more than 100 million people worldwide suffer from Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and most sufferers go undetected. The purpose of this study is to develop an apnea monitor that can detect the symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea using the Telemedicine Smartphone System (TmSS). The contribution of this study is the generation of telemedicine systems in sleep apnea monitoring devices. So that the monitoring tools can be effective and efficient when used, then the Obstructive Sleep Apnea monitoring tool is made with the TmSS system that can transmit data values wirelessly and in real-time. This tool uses a flex sensor to detect patient breathing. The output generated by the sensor is then conditioned on an analog signal conditioner (PSA) circuit. The signal output from the PSA is processed on the ATMega 328 microcontroller to get the respiration value which is then sent via Bluetooth HC-05 and displayed on an android smartphone device which will also display a warning notification in the event of stopping breathing (apnea). Based on the results of the measurement of respiration values compared with standard equipment produces the highest error value of 6.98% and the lowest of 0.00%. The tool can send data respiration values using the TmSS system properly. This tool can be implemented to detect the symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
The Effect of Tax Composition on Income Inequality: Sri Lankan Experience
Authors: Thilanka H. R. A. C. , Ranjith J. G. S.
Published: April 2021

The main purpose of this research paper is to identify the effect of tax composition and tax compliance among other variables on the income inequality in Sri Lanka. Taxes may affect income inequality depending on tax composition, progressivity and tax compliance. In the Sri Lankan context, the existing tax structure largely consists of indirect taxes and a higher level of tax non-compliance leading to a regressive tax system. Persistent high level income inequality and declining tax revenue buoyancy have been considerable issues experienced by the Sri Lanka government nearly over the last three decades that weakening fiscal operation and performance is an important empirical question to be addressed. This study adopts a time-series econometric method -- Johansen Cointegration and Vector Error Correction model to capture the long-run and dynamic relationships of selected variables. The data for the study were collected from Annual Reports and Economic and Social Statistics of Sri Lanka published by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka for the period of 1985 -2018. The key findings show a negative impact of direct taxes and a positive impact of indirect tax- VAT and tax noncompliance on income inequality. It suggests the necessity of broadening income tax base and strengthening tax compliance to reduce income inequality while improving buoyancy of tax revenues through best practices of taxation. Our findings provide more precise and feasible policy directives for the path to realize revenue-based fiscal consolidation with a more equitable and rationalized tax system in Sri Lanka. The impact on economic growth is not clear and left for future research.
Nexus Between Government Expenditure and Government Tax Revenue in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kirupakeny K. , Suresh J.
Published: April 2021

This study is to find the relationship between government expenditure and government tax revenue in Sri Lanka, using time series data from 1990-2017. Public expenditure was used as the dependent variable in the model while tax revenue, inflation, public debt, and population were the independent variables considered. Stationarity of the time series was tested employing Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) unit root. Johansen’s maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of a co-integrating equation was employed to examine long-run relationship between the variables. In addition, Granger causality test was performed to identify the causal relationship between public expenditure and selected independent variables. The results confirmed the existence of long-run relationship between the public expenditure and tax revenue. The presence of a unidirectional causality between government expenditure and tax revenue was reveled through the results. The study outcomes suggest the necessity of constructive policy decisions pertaining to government revenue and expenditure in view of promoting the Sri Lankan economy.
Productivity of Agri-Food Sector of Sri Lanka: The Story Unseen, Unfolded or Untold
Authors: Weerahewa J. , Marambe B. , Silva P. , Pushpakumara G.
Published: April 2021

The agriculture sector in Sri Lanka has been perceived by a large proportion of politicians, policy makers, scientists, academia, and general public as a sector with “low productivity”. Yet, once the contribution of food and related industries are added, the Agri-Food Sector (AFS) is highly productive and vibrant, just as much as in any economy. Therefore, the political leadership should be aware of the contributions made by the AFS and be cautious in interpreting the productivity estimates made by various agencies, especially on the productivity of agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector in Sri Lanka. Further, the size of the AFS of Sri Lankan economy and the contributions of overall AFS and the sub-sectors, i.e., agriculture, food manufacturing and food service, should be taken into account if contribution to the Gross Domestic Product and to employment is to be more accurately perceived. Identification of productivity of different sub-sectors together with the constraints to improve productivity, would help the government of Sri Lanka in developing strategies to make the process of economic development proceed further and faster.
Evaluation of web-based distance education of medicine for undergraduates in Sri Lanka
Authors: Silva D. , Randombage P. , Gankanda W. , Abeysekara N. , Edirisinghe V. , Chandrathilake M.
Published: April 2021

Introduction Purpose: To evaluate distance education via the web facilitates teaching through problem-based learning and incorporating scientific evidence in the context of practical application to medical undergraduates. Methods: Web-based distance teaching program based on the Zoom video conferencing software was developed and introduced into a selected group of medical students. Current knowledge about handling web-based resources, evaluation of learning activities, and self-evaluation of their involvement and participation of medical students were evaluated. Results: The provision of lectures and relevant notes through the internet was emphasized during this study. A satisfactory response was observed regarding obtaining factual knowledge. This method was considered relatively ineffective with relevance to the application of knowledge, development of clinical skills, and improvement of professional attitudes. Students believed that it helped to improve the ability of critical thinking, refine reasoning skills, and enhance the capacity of mediating subject matter. Students had a general idea regarding using this method as a supplementary education strategy. The majority of the participants demonstrated considerable satisfaction towards this method, and most of them were prepared to recommend this method for another person. The students had disclosed that lectures showed significantly higher skills while teaching through this method, especially they believed that this distant learning method provided an additional benefit for face to face clinical teaching procedures. Conclusion: When generally considered, a satisfactory response was received regarding the learning outcomes of using this method, and the quality of participation of students was extremely positive.
Hysterectomy: abdominal, vaginal or laparoscopic?
Authors: Ekanayake C.
Published: April 2021

No abstract available
Evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and comfort concerning human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome field education understanding among Kanpur Dehat, Indian rural school educators
Authors: Sachdev Rohan , Garg Kriti , Singh Garima , Nigam Kriti , Srivastava Akash
Published: April 2021

CONTEXT:

Countries were left ravaged as the fastest increasing path of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection, hence the epidemic misconceptions surrounding the path of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the populations. According to the latest national AIDS management organization survey on HIV/AIDS, North central India is regarded as low awareness and low prevalence area.

AIMS:

This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and comfort regarding HIV/AIDS among Kanpur Dehat rural school educators.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A cross-sectional descriptive survey was carried out on a total of 110 rural school educators of government and private schools.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

A pretested, self-structured, close-ended questionnaire was administered that consisted of 30 questions.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

The information gathered was incorporated in a foundational way and t-test was applied and P value was determined.

RESULTS:

Among 110 school educators, females were more in number (56.36%). Private school educators scored more mean (standard deviation) in terms of knowledge (68 ± 5.83), attitude (50 ± 5.82), and comfort (49 ± 6.60) when compared to government school educators. Government school educators were uncertain about methods of transmitting AIDS. Maximum school educators were unaware of the different myths concerning AIDS.

CONCLUSIONS:

The knowledge, attitude, and comfort of rural school educators among the government school teachers were found to be unsatisfactory. Information is an effort to improve the high-risk conduct of every illness and to build an understanding of HIV/AIDS. We will seek to increase awareness among educators of rural schools by holding workshops at regular intervals and enhancing their comprehension.
Managing intractable incontinence from a Yang-Monti channel in a case of enterocystoplasty with bladder neck closure – Challenges and a modified surgical technique
Authors: Padyala Murali Krishna , Kalra Sidhartha , Dorairajan Lalgudi Narayanan
Published: April 2021

Incontinence in the Mitrofanoff principle varies between 2% and 40% and is a challenging problem to treat. Incontinence is even more when a Yang-Monti channel is used with simultaneous enterocystoplasty, probably due to ineffective submucosal tunneling owing to the inferior quality of bowel mucosa. Here, we report the management options of such problems along with a novel surgical technique.
Efficacy of 1 versus 3 days of intravenous amikacin as a prophylaxis for patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate
Authors: Jayanth Selvin Theodore , Chandrasingh J. , Sahni Rani Diana , Mukha Rajiv Paul , Kumar Santosh , Devasia Antony , Kekre Nitin Sudhakar
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

There are no uniform guidelines on the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 1 day versus 3 days of intravenous amikacin as prophylaxis, before TURP.

Materials and Methods:

In this prospective randomized control trial, patients with sterile preoperative urine culture were randomized to receive either 1 day (Group A) or 3 days (Group B) of intravenous (IV) amikacin. All patients had their catheter removed on the 3rd day and a midstream urine culture was obtained on the 4th day. The follow-up was scheduled at 1 week and at 1 month. The rate of bacteriuria on the 4th postoperative day was analyzed as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes included symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI), its risk factors, and other complications at 1 month.

Results:

Of the 338 patients randomized, 314 patients were evaluable until day 7 and 307 until 1 month. Bacteriuria rate at day 4 (Group A: 8.8% [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.2–13.2]; Group B: 4.4% [95% CI: 1.2%–7.7%], P = 0.124, Fisher's exact test) was similar in both the groups. At 1 month, the rate of symptomatic UTI was also similar in both the groups (3.5% [95% CI: 0.8–6.9] vs. 1.7% [95% CI: 0.2–4.2], P = 0.344, Fisher's exact test). Bacteriuria (colony-forming unit, >104/ml) at day 4 was a significant risk factor for developing symptomatic UTI (P = 0.006). Antibiotic resistance was higher in Group B (P = 0.002) (Group A: 7.1% [95% CI: 6.3–20] vs. Group B: [71%, CI: 38–104], P = 0.0021, Fisher's exact test).

Conclusion:

One day is possibly noninferior to 3 days of IV amikacin as prophylaxis in patients undergoing TURP with respect to bacteriuria and symptomatic UTI, with an added advantage of lower antibiotic resistance.
The use of endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery as an additional approach to upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Grande Marco Serafino , Campobasso Davide , Inzillo Raffaele , Moretti Matteo , Facchini Francesco , Kwe Jean Emmanuel , Frattini Antonio
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

With increasing experience and advancing technology, endoscopy for UTUC has become more common. Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery (ECIRS) could be an option for patients with low-grade and large-volume UTUC that could be either anatomically or technically challenging to manage by retrograde flexible ureterorenoscopy.

Materials and Methods:

In this video, we describe, step by step, our ECIRS technique as applied to two selected clinical cases of UTUC.

Conclusion:

ECIRS could represent a useful approach to UTUC in selected cases. The advantage of the “endovision” puncture and dilation technique is in the avoidance of entering the renal calyx at the level of the tumor. In addition, the combined approach, compared to the purely percutaneous approach, allows access to, and treatment of, neoplasms located in all renal calyces.
Clinical and biochemical profile of scrub typhus patients at a tertiary care hospital in Northern India
Authors: Verma Sudhir K. , Gupta Kamlesh K. , Arya Rajesh K. , Kumar Vivek , Reddy D. Himanshu , Chaudhary Shyam C. , Sonkar Satyendra K. , Kumar Satish , Verma Neeraj , Sharma Deepak
Published: April 2021

Background:

Scrub typhus is a neglected rickettsial disease in India. Every year, we are facing outbreaks of Scrub typhus after Monsoon season. Patients present with a wide clinical spectrum ranging from pyrexia of unknown origin to multiple organ dysfunction. Some of these clinical features overlap with presentation of other tropical infections prevalent in Indian subcontinent, which leads to diagnostic dilemma and delay in diagnosis. Hence, we planned this study to know the demographic, clinical and biochemical profile of scrub typhus patients.

Methods:

This was an observational study conducted in department of Medicine, King George's Medical University Lucknow, India a leading tertiary care hospital of Northern India. All scrub typhus patients were evaluated by detailed history, examination and laboratory tests.

Results:

We enrolled 52 patients in our study. The mean age of the patients was 35.17 ± 16.90 years with majority (82.7%) of patients from rural background. All the patients had fever with an average duration of 9.6 ± 2 days. Most of the patients developed hepatitis (69.2%) followed by acute encephalitis syndrome (47%), acute kidney injury (23.1%) and acute respiratory failure (19.2%). Eschar was found in 11 patients (21.2%).

Conclusion:

Scrub typhus is often misdiagnosed or diagnosed late due to its wide clinical spectrum overlapping with clinical presentation of other commonly prevalent tropical diseases. One should always consider the differential diagnosis of scrub typhus while evaluating a young febrile patient of rural background, with features of single or multiple organ dysfunction and laboratory findings of leucocytosis, thrombocytopenia and elevation of transaminases.