bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P03-70 - Prospective study of correlation between psychopathological symptoms and quality of life of patients with first episode of schizophrenia
Authors: Jaracz K. , Gorna K. , Rybakowski J.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Analysis of correlation between psychopathology and quality of life (QoL) of schizophrenic patients during 4-6 years after the first psychiatric hospitalisation.

Methods

Study population included 74 patients. They were assessed at fixed time-points: 1 month and 13 months after the hospitalisation and 4-6 years after the first examination (T1, T2 and T3, respectively). The following instruments were used to assess symptoms, objective and subjective QoL: PANSS (5-factors), Social Functioning Scale (SFS) and WHOQOL.

Results

At T1, the mean PANSS score was 62.4. Significant deterioration was noticed in all groups of symptoms, with the exception of cognitive functions. The greatest deterioration was observed in the negative symptoms and depression/anxiety. At T1, the mean SFS score was 103.4, while mean overall subjective QoL scored 3.3. During the follow-up period, significant improvement of SFS was noticed, with no meaningful change in WHOQOL and concomitant exacerbation of symptoms. QOL was particularly compromised by negative symptoms and depression/anxiety.

Correlation between SFS and negative symptoms varied from -0.61 to -0.76, while those between SFS score and depression/anxiety - from -0.40 to -0.66. Correlation between subjective QoL and negative symptoms as well as depression/anxiety ranged from -0.31 (environment) to -0.64 (physical domain). To a large extent, symptoms were responsible for variance in both SFS and WHOQOL scores.

Conclusions

1)

Clinical course of schizophrenia varied, depending on adopted criteria of evaluation.

2)

Negative symptoms and depression/anxiety had a particularly deleterious influence on QoL. The role these symptoms varied, depending on time elapsed since the first hospitalisation.
P03-72 - Disorders of sexual preference and schizophrenia
Authors: Kamenskov M.
Published: June 2010

In order to create hypotheses about the relationship between the dynamic of paraphilia and schizophrenic disorders we conducted a study of 15 males. To all patients has been diagnosed disorders of sexual preference and other mental disorders of schizophrenic spectrum (paranoid schizophrenia - 46,7% and pseudopsychopathic schizophrenia - 53,3%).

Results

Dynamic transformation of paraphilia (connection of new paraphilia‘s forms to already existing) has been connected with the psychotic symptoms and increase of negative symptoms of schizophrenia (r=0.51, p=0.03). Abnormal sexual imaginations appear during manifestation of schizophrenia in puberty age. A syndrome of a metaphysical intoxication, delusional depersonalization coexisted with available sexual perversion. In sexually mature age of patients with schizophrenia, dynamic transformation of paraphilia was associated with increase of negative symptoms. Anabatic of schizophrenia correspond with a degree of aggression sexual perversion. At episodic type of current paranoid schizophrenia with persistent but non-progressive negative symptoms in the intervals between psychotic episodes connected such types of paraphilias, as pedophilia, exhibitionism, visionism. At episodic type of current paranoid schizophrenia with a progressive development of negative symptoms in the intervals between psychotic episodes connected such types of paraphilias, as necrophilia, gomicidomania. In our research pseudopsychopathic schizophrenia combined with multiple disorders of sexual preference (exhibitionism and visionosm) only in two cases. In these cases we are showed connecting pedophilia.

Conclusion

Preliminary results showed relationship between dynamic transformation of paraphilia and clinic and dynamic of schizophrenia.
P03-74 - Individual genetic variation and response to antipsychotic medications
Authors: Kapur L. , Oruc L. , Pojskic N. , Ramic J. , Memic A. , Bajrovic K.
Published: June 2010

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with relatively high occurrence in general population (around 1%). Classical genetic studies (Family, twin and adoption) undoubtedly prove its genetic etiology. On the other hand genetics studies are important in exploration of innate mechanisms responsible for specific response to antipsychotic medications. Significant differences in therapeutic responses to antipsychotic agents in patients suffering from schizophrenia were observed and therefore pharmacogenetics of antipsychotics represents main focus in current psychiatric genetics studies.

This is particularly observed at polymorphisms in dopamine and serotonin receptor genes, but also some other biomolecules involved in signal transduction mechanism such are regulators of G-protein signalling in brain (RGS4). In order to test this hypothesis, association between certain variants of RGS4 linked polymorhic marker and responsiveness status towards antypsychotics was evaluated within the group of 52 psychiatric patients under antipsychotics treatment. No association between specific allele or genotype for RGS4 linked loci and therapeutical response using Fisher´s Exact Test was found (P>0.05).
P03-75 - Effect of family psycho-education on family cohesion, expressiveness and conflict of families of patients with severe mental disorders in Iran
Authors: Karamlou S. , Mottaghipour Y. , Mazaheri M.A.
Published: June 2010

Objective

A considerable amount of data from Western culture suggests that negative family environment can increase the rate of relapse in patients with severe psychiatric disorders. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of family psycho-education intervention on family environment of relatives of patients with severe mental disorders in Iran.

Method

Using an experimental design, with pretest, posttest and a control group, families of 30 patients with severe mental disorders were divided into two groups: six sessions of family psycho-education (intervention group); and no treatment (control group). Family environment was assessed using Family Environment Scale (FES).

Results

Results showed that the family psycho-education program improved cohesion and expressiveness in family members (p< 0.01) but it had no significant influence on conflict (p>0.05).

Conclusion

Family intervention increased cohesion and expressiveness, but it had no significant effect on total family environment score or conflict. One explanation could be that our short- term program focused more on communication skills of family members rather than conflict resolution. Resolving conflict is complex in families of patients and need more time to change. The present study confirmed the need for family psycho-education and availability of resources to offer longer-term family psycho-education program to families of patients.
P03-76 - Mild encephalitis inflammation subgroups in affective and schizophrenic disorders
Authors: Bechter K. , Reiber H. , Herzog S. , Fuchs D. , Tumani H. , Maxeiner H.G.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Low level inflammatory Mild Encephalitis (ME) mechanisms were suspected in a subgroup of treatment resistant hospitalised affective and schizophrenic spectrum disorder patients.

Methods

We analysed albumin, IgG, IgA, IgM, oligoclonal IgG and specific antibodies in paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from patients with affective (n=24) or schizophrenic spectrum disorders (n=39). Numerical and graphical interpretation of CSF protein data was performed by Reibergrams with reference to a large control group (n= 4100).

Results

In 41% of the psychiatric patients (n=63) we observed CSF pathologies: 14% displayed intrathecal humoral immune responses, 10% slightly increased CSF cell counts (5-8/μL) and 29% had moderate blood-CSF barrier dysfunctions, in 24% as the only pathological sign with normal IgG, IgA and IgM concentrations in CSF (p= 0.9 testing the null hypothesis for intrathecal synthesis with reference to Qmean of the reference group). In the affective (n= 24) spectrum 20% displayed a systemic immune reaction as detected by oligoclonal IgG. In probable 6% of virusspecific, bacterial or autoimmune associated disorder with CNS involvement. Elevated CSF neopterin concentration in 34% of the patients was interpreted as an increased release from astrocytes or from other glia cells.

Conclusion

The low level immune response and barrier dysfunctions are discussed on the base of a ME pathomechanism in subgroups of psychiatric patients. CSF analysis is shown to be a useful diagnostic tool for differential diagnosis in psychiatric diseases.
P03-77 - Development of a European measure of best practice for people with long term mental illness in institutional care (DEMoBinc)
Authors: Killaspy H.
Published: June 2010

This session will describe the aims and progress of the DEMoBinc study and its potential impact across Europe. The project has led to the development of a toolkit (the Quality Indicator for Rehabilitative Care - QuIRC) for assessing the living conditions, care and human rights of people with longer term mental health problems in European psychiatric and social care institutions. The study has been funded for 36 months by the European Commission and started in March 2007. It involves 11 centres across 10 countries: UK; Germany; Spain; Czech Republic; Bulgaria; Italy; Netherlands; Poland; Greece; Portugal.

The QuIRC assesses the provision of seven domains of care considered most important for recovery (built environment; therapeutic environment; treatments and interventions; self-management and autonomy; social inclusion; human rights; Recovery-orientated practice). A web-based version is under development that will provide performance reports for local and national care standard review. The QuIRC ratings have been compared against unit costs to give an assessment of the unit's value for money, and against service users’ quality of life, autonomy, experiences of care and markers of recovery to test whether it can deliver a proxy-measure of the unit's promotion of individuals’ human rights and recovery.

Chair: Dr Helen Killaspy

Speakers:

Dr Helen Killaspy & Tatiana Taylor: “An overview of the DEMoBinc project and development of QuIRC”

Sarah White: “Results of the QuIRC reliability testing, factor analysis and service user assessment”

Dr Patryk Piotrowski: “The Delphi Exercise in Poland”

Dr Thomas Kallert: “Development and use of QuIRC in Germany”
P03-78 - No effects of polypharmacy and antipsychotic dose on spatial working memory in schizophrenia
Authors: Kleisas S. , Theochari E. , Andreopoulou A. , Kalogerakou S. , Psaras R. , Karouzos C. , Tsaltas E. , Kontis D.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Antipsychotic polypharmacy and high doses have been associated with poor outcome and increased adverse effects in schizophrenia. However, their relation to cognition has been poorly studied.

Methods

40 right-handed patients (mean age: 42.87 years; SD:10.57) with DSM-IV schizophrenia, were recruited in an acute psychiatric ward. They were assessed on the Spatial Working Memory test (SWM) of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III) at a time when they were able to cooperate with neuropsychological testing. The pattern of their pharmacological treatment was also assessed. Statistical correlation and Mann-Whitney tests were performed using the SPSS, as appropriate.

Results

18 patients were receiving antipsychotic polypharmacy (≥2 antipsychotics) and 22 monotherapy. 13 patients received an excessive (≥1000 chloropromazine mEq(CmEq)/day), and 22 a normal antipsychotic dosage. No significant difference was detected on any of the SWM performance measures between the two groups of patients receiving either polypharmacy or monotherapy. These groups did not also differ in the WAIS full scale, performance or verbal IQ scores. When the patients were divided into two groups receiving either an excessive or a normal dose of antipsychotics, these two groups also showed a similar SWM and WAIS performance. The total antipsychotic dose showed negative but nonsignificant correlations with the SWM performance scores.

Conclusions

We did not detect any influence of antipsychotic polypharmacy or excessive dosing on spatial working memory in schizophrenia. This finding supports the independence of working memory deficits from the effects of treatment in schizophrenia.
P03-83 - Ekbom syndrome: a case report
Authors: Lloret M. , Tatay A. , Harto M.A. , Merino T. , Porcel A. , Calabuig R.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Delusional parasitosis, also known as Ekbom syndrome, is the most frequent among the somatic delusions. It may occur at any age but is more common in the elderly, particularly in females. It is a syndrome in which the patient has the false belief that he is infested by some type of insects, lice, worms or other invertebrates, and that they live or grow under their skin or inside their body. Psychiatric interventions are usually rejected by these patients and long-term treatments are frequently abandoned.

Objectives and method

A clinical case was followed and reviewed to illustrate the links between somatic delusions, hypochondriasis, somatization and obsessive disorders.

Results

A 58-year-old female presents delusions of infestation. She has a long history of somatization and hypochondria, which can be interpreted as a continuum in the onset of the delusional syndrome. In this case, delusions of infestation are projected onto a third person. Psychophramacological treatment with long acting injectable risperidone was then introduced, as an alternative to drugs previously used.

Conclusions

The effectiveness of pimozide and risperidone for the Ekbom syndrome has been documented in the literature. In our case, we decided to introduce long acting injectable risperidone after several rejections or long-term discontinuation in oral treatments.
P03-84 - Immune reactivity and variants of clinical-social adaptation in schizophrenia
Authors: Lobacheva O. , Vetlugina T. , Semke A.
Published: June 2010

Study of clinical and biological components of adaptation in schizophrenia currently is of relevance.

Objective

Identification of interrelationship immunity with clinical-social adaptation of schizophrenic patients.

We examined 107 schizophrenic's (76,1% - patients with paranoid schizophrenia with continuous and episodic type of course, F20.00, F20.01, F20.02).

The psychometric scale PANSS was used to estimate the dynamics of psychopathological symptoms during treatment. The immunological examination included the definition of phenotypes of surface receptors of immunocompetent cells, level of IgM, IgG, IgA. The research was carried out in two points: first - at admission, second - in 6 weeks of treatment.

Four adaptation types have been revealed: integrative (combining high clinical and social indices, 40,1% of patients); introvert (high clinical and low social indices, 38,3%); extrovert (low clinical and high social indices, 11,2%); destructive (combining low clinical and social indices (10,4%).

It has been shown that patients with extrovert and destructive adaptation types characterizing by great severity of psychopathological symptoms (high score) according to PANSS.

At 1st point Т-immunodeficiency was diagnosed among the schizophrenic patients, which was kept within 6 weeks of treatment. In the therapy course peculiarities of psychoneuroimmunomodulation have been revealed: relatively favorable in immunological aspect are integrative and introvert types of adaptation. In integrative type number of immunocompetent cells does not change and has trend toward normalization. In destructive type greater suppression of T-immunity has been revealed (CD2+-, СD3+-, and СD4 +-lymphocytes decrease); HLADR+-lymphocytes remain high.

Thus, clinical-social differences between groups have been confirmed by data according to immune reactivity.
P03-86 - Shared decision making in medication use: an emerging best practice in mental health
Authors: Mahone I. , Mistler L.
Published: June 2010

Purpose

A primary goal of recovery-oriented mental health services is to increase client voice and empowerment. Shared decision-making (SDM) technologies can help achieve this goal. We report on two projects that aim to increase engagement around antipsychotic medications by people with serious mental illness (SMI).

Method

:

Project 1: Using a participatory-action research (PAR) orientation, a partnership between a university and a public MH clinic developed around a shared goal of finding an acceptable SDM intervention targeting medication use by persons with SMI. We solicited input about SDM from national experts and via focus groups of local stakeholders and analyzed the qualitative data.

Project 2: The US Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (SAMHSA) contracted with Advocates for Human Potential (AHP) to develop a decision aid (DA) for consumers considering use of antipsychotic medication. Based on the results of literature reviews and stakeholder needs assessments, we constructed a multi-module consumer-centered DA that follows the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) for DAs. The DA is still under construction; however, we have completed entering the format and content of several of the modules.

Results

Audience responses to the concept of SDM have been mixed. The PAR group identified multiple barriers to implementing SDM in practice, including consumer factors, information exchange, skill requirement, and outcomes expected from using SDM.

Conclusion

Adapting shared decision-making technologies to mental health settings has unique challenges. We are using the barriers identified by the PAR group to guide creation of the SAMHSA DA.
P03-91 - Descriptive Study Of Consecutive Admissions Of Patients With Delusional Disorder
Authors: Martínez-Formoso S. , Portillo-Díez J. , Ramos-Ríos R. , Alonso-San Gregorio J. , Pérez-Pérez J. , Páramo-Fernández M.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

To determine the clinical profile of patients diagnosed of delusional disorder (DD) admitted to a psychiatric ward.

Method

Retrospective chart review of inpatients with diagnoses of delusional disorder (DD) according ICD-10 criteria admitted to a psychiatric ward (Hospital de Conxo, Santiago de Compostela) between January 1998 and December 2008. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected, with special attention to comorbidity and presumed risk factors.

Results

The sample consisted in 56 inpatients (30 women, mean age 54 ± 11). 64.3% were single including never married (33.9%), divorced, separated and widowed and 33.9% lived alone. The most frequent type of DD was persecutory (67%) followed by mixed type (16%). 16.1% presented hallucinations (most frequent auditory). In comparison with the other types, patients with persecutory delusions usually lived alone (p < 0.05). Most frequent comorbidities were substance abuse and affective disorders. Familiar background of psychoses was recorded in 21.4% and history of emigration in 12.5%. 5.4% suffered deafness. During the period studied 53.6% were admitted two or more times. After the most recent admission 32.1% were on depot antipsychotic.

Conclusions

In concordance with other previous reports, DD seemed to be more prevalent in women in middle or late adulthood and persecutory were the most frequent delusions. In our sample, most patients were not married and high prevalence of family antecedents of psychoses was found. It could be related with its hospital origin; then it could be hypothesized living alone and having familiar background of psychoses to be risk factors of hospitalization.
P03-97 - Saccadic Movements And Schizophrenia: A Study Of The Utility Of A-Dem Test
Authors: Mozos Ansorena A. , Pérez García M. , Brenlla González J. , Páramo Fernández M. , Paz Silva E. , Ramos Ríos R.
Published: June 2010

Justification

In our work we propose to use the adult developmental eye movement test (A-DEM) of Gene Sampedro et al, for the study of saccadic movements in schizophrenia.

Objectives

To study the importance of saccades and attention in a sample of institutionalized patients with schizophrenia in a Unit of Psychosocial Rehabilitation.

Methods

Sample formed by 30 people.15 patients and 15 controls. 15 patients were corresponding to all the schizophrenic patients admitted in January, 2009 in a Unit of Psycosocial Rehabilitation of Conxo's Psychiatric Hospital. The 15 of the group control were selected of random form between sanitary personnel without psychiatric pathology, homogenizing the variables chronological age and sex with regard to the group of investigation.

Results

The A-DEM vertical half to 44.37 seconds in the control group versus 59.54 seconds in the sample of patients. Regarding the results of the horizontal A-DEM obtained an average score of 47.07 seconds compared to control group obtained 60.68 seconds in the group of patients. The schizophrenic patients are characterized for having an attention diminished in 87 %, opposite to 47 % of the group control that they have a normal attention and 40 % increased. These differences of saccadic movements and of the attention are statistically significant.

Conclusions

Schizophrenic patients have few saccades both horizontally and vertically slower than normal people.

Schizophrenic patients show a marked deficit of attention to the normal population.
P03-156 - Soceital Burden In Schizoprhenic Patient'S Family Is Many Fold & The Cost Is High In A Rural Indian District
Authors: Acharya A.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Niether the patient alone in schizophrenia, but the spouse & children and other members involved are all facing several difficulties.

Objectives

Here in a population of schizophrenic patients all treating in the author's rural district clinic in 2009 are evaluated for ther familial stess& burden.The cost seems high even in a rural society in India, where joint family situation exists.

Aims

The current loss involving a schizophrenic patient after more than 5-10yearsof suffering is reassed to find an insight to this grave problem, still rampart in different countries of the devoloping world.

Methods

180 patients who were diagonosed as suffering from scizophrenia as per ICD-10 creria was evaluated.They were 96 male, 84 females with onset of ilness 5-10 yrears back & in the age group 28-42 with a median age of 35 years.

1.

Maritalstatus & satisfaction was assesed first, with a divorce of 7in female and 4 inmale groups. There was desertion of spouse in13 case in male group & living apart status in10 females.Sexual lfe in the last 6months was was absent in 24 females & in10 of male group, those living together.Satisfaction in sex was reported poor by 30% of females &25% of males.

2.

Living status & where there is a fall in previous 5years was repoted as 30% in female groups & nearly 50% in male groups.

3.

Childrearing & education was poor in40% of male &55% in females.

Results

Societal burden in few parameters is immense.

Conclusion

I In all dimensions burden&cost is high.
P03-158 - Review Of Communication With Primary Care And Appropriateness Of Providing Ongoing Care To Patients In A Psychiatric Clinic
Authors: Agyapong V.O.I. , Olorunfemi A. , Nwachukwu I. , Guerandel A.
Published: June 2010

Background

Close collaboration and communication between specialist psychiatric services and primary care is essential in achieving an effective and efficient level of patient care.

Aims

To assess the rate of six monthly communication between specialised psychiatric service and primary care and to determine from patients records those that may be suitable for discharge back into primary care.

Methods

A retrospective chart review of all patients attending the relevant local psychiatric out-patient clinic was carried out to identify parameter relevant to the objectives of the study. This was followed by a multidisciplinary discussion to determine the appropriate ongoing care for the patients. The data was analysed with SPSS (version 17).

Results

A total of 105 patients’ charts were reviewed in the audit. Overall, only 36% of patients’ charts had a record of communication with primary care in the last six months. Only one variable,’ changes made to the patents medication in the last six months’ was significantly associated with the likelihood that there had been communication with primary care with an odds ratio of 15 and a p-value of 0.00. It was recommended that 60% of the patients needed continuing care with psychiatric services, 35.2% could be discharged back into primary care and 4.8% could be managed jointly between psychiatric services and primary care.

Conclusion

A six monthly review has a potential to improve the level of communication between specialised psychiatric services and primary care. It also identifies patients who could be discharged back into primary care.
P03-160 - The Vicious Circle Of Stigmatization Of Persons Who Experienced An Emergency Situation (Es)
Authors: Tumenkova G. , Bedina I.
Published: June 2010

Observations showed that society attitude to persons, who had suffered in ES, changes in time. At the first stage sufferers find society understanding and sympathy. Society aspires to support them both psychologically and materially. Sufferers get various assistance of medical and material character from the government, public organizations, private persons. Later on, in the process of disactualization of ES consequences society attitude to sufferers changes from neutral and indifferent to negative (irritation, hostility). It is determinated by the fact that uniting sufferers try to dissociate themselves from society. They see in it the cause of their misfortune and, as a consequence, aspire to overcompensate their loss with various social benefits and payments. At the same time, after getting of assistance and improving of living conditions (e.g. getting of additional flat) social status of sufferers becomes considerably better that produces additional displeasure of the microsocial environment. Thus, the vicious circle emerges: the aspiration of sufferers to compensate with benefits results in their isolation in society that, in its turn, leads to their greater isolation and their stigmatization by society. It is worth noting that, if right away after a traumatic event victims don’ t conceal their involvement into ES, at later stages some of them hush up their implication in ES fearing discrimination from society (employment, career, creation of a family).
P03-161 - Patients’ Subjective Experience Of Psychiatric Admission
Authors: Borbé R. , Klein A. , Steinert T.
Published: June 2010

Objective

Assessment of patients’ subjective experiences is an important approach of qualitative research in mental health care. It also strengthens the patient-centred view on mentally ill people. Here we focus on the admission to a psychiatric hospital.

Methods

Subjective experiences of psychiatric admissions were recorded with a semi-structured interview in 72 fairly representative in-patients. Patients’ satisfaction with treatment was recorded with the ZUF-8 questionnaire. Additionally, 52 in-patients on nine wards were interviewed in focus groups.

Results

From the patients’ point of view, the most important aspects of the admission were staff, ward atmosphere and fellow patients. Violence and coercion played only a minor role. In the face-to-face interviews, assessments were generally positive. The results of the patient-satisfaction-questionnaire (ZUF-8) showed a tendency to positive ratings as well. In focus groups, also negative experiences and criticism were reported.

Conclusions

Patient's subjective experiences of an admission to a psychiatric hospital could be well assessed. Future surveys should be conducted anonymously to minimize social desirability bias. Focus groups yield an important extension of individual interviews.
P03-162 - The Adhd Cluster: Comparing Aples With Elephants?
Authors: Brand Flu R.
Published: June 2010

Aim

To study the differential psychopathology of ADHD according to the Conners and ICD/DSM criteria.

Method

Studying hyperactivity, attention and impulsivity features in children in relation to sensory processing difficulties, specific cognitive impairment and anxiety.

An extensive developmental questionnaire and old notes are also used to detect cognitive style, rate of development, communication and learning needs

Preliminary results

86/136 63% (208-209) children with a learning disability are assessed according to the Conners rating scale. An additional 21 are assessed for attention deficit without the use of the Conners. 27/86 meet the criteria of an attention deficit syndrome according to the Conners. 6/21 are meeting the criteria of ADHD according to international diagnostic criteria (total 33 cases). 13/33 cases display ADHD features of response inhibition and general utilisation behavior. 5 with a hyperactivity syndrome respond tosensory material such as a bean bag, a slow rhythmic voice and a squiggly cushion. 18 cases have no attentional difficulties on preferred activities. Four attentional cases resolve with tailored educational input. One case of ‘typical ADHD’ recovers at resolvement of abuse. 9 display ADHD features as a form of communicating distress. Of the twenty cases 17 are meeting the criteria of an autistic spectrum disorder.

Conclusion

This study needs expanding, under experimental conditions and with multiple researchers to optimize blinding. However, this unfinished pilot demonstrates that ADHD criteria do not cater for qualitative differences in presentation and etiology. This has very serious treatment and ethical implications.
P03-164 - The Influence Of Group Psychotherapy To Crisis Frangibility And Coping Style In Community Residents
Authors: Weidong J. , Quoquan Z. , WL F. , Jun W. , Yunqing G.
Published: June 2010

Objective

To understood the influence of group psychotherapy to crisis frangibility and coping style in community residents, seek the methods and value of community psychological coping intervention, and provide the basis of psychological theory and practice for the work of community mental health.

Methods

The scale of crisis frangibility and BCQ were employed to evaluate and compare the mental state before and after intervention.

Results

1)

Crisis frangibility of residents was negatively correlated with positive coping, positively correlated with negative coping.

2)

After group psychotherapy, scores of scale for crisis vulnerability and negative coping droped.

3)

Through the regression model analysis, the linear relationship between positive coping factor and the crisis vulnerable is closest.

Conclusion

Group psychotherapy in community is a effective method to reduce resident's crisis frangibility, and the setup of experimental model has provided the theory and the practice basis for development psychology counseling in community.
P03-183 - A Stress-Coping Model Of Mental Illness Stigma: Cognitive Stress Appraisal, Emotional Reactions, Coping And Outcomes
Authors: Rüsch N. , Corrigan P.W.
Published: June 2010

Background

Stigma is a major stressor for many individuals with mental illness. Recent stigma models highlight the role of cognitive stress appraisal, emotional and cognitive coping responses, and their impact on outcomes such as self-esteem and social interactions. We tested this model, applying it to mental illness stigma.

Methods

In 85 people with mental illness, stigma stress appraisal and stress predictors (level of perceived stigma, rejection sensitivity, ingroup perception) as well as emotional reactions (anxiety, shame) and cognitive coping responses to stigma-related stress were assessed. In addition to selfdirected outcome (self-esteem, hopelessness), social performance in contact with outgroup members (i.e. members of the general public) was assessed by role-play and seating distance measures.

Results

Higher levels of perceived stigma, rejection sensitivity and holding one's ingroup in low regard predicted high stigma stress which in turn was associated with anxiety and shame, but not with cognitive coping responses. Anxiety and shame predicted lower self-esteem and more hopelessness; the coping mechanism of ingroup comparisons predicted poorer social performance.

Discussion

Our findings support the stress-coping model of stigma when applied to people with mental illness. Emotional reactions to stigma stress as well as coping responses predicted largely negative outcomes. Trade-offs between different stress reactions may render them helpful for some, but harmful for other outcome domains. Predictors of stress appraisal and poor outcomes could be useful targets for interventions that aim to reduce the impact of stigma on people with mental illness.
P03-185 - Self-Stigma, Group Identification And Perceived Legitimacy Of Discrimination As Predictors Of Mental Health Service Use: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Rüsch N. , Corrigan P.W.
Published: June 2010

Background

It has often been claimed that mental illness stigma is a barrier to service use and treatment participation among people with mental illness (Corrigan 2004). Empirical findings to support this assertion, however, are scarce (Schomerus and Angermeyer 2008). We therefore studied stigma and stigma-related cognitions as predictors of service use over six months in people with serious mental illness.

Methods

At baseline, we measured the level of perceived stigma, self-stigma, group identification and perceived legitimacy of discrimination in 85 people with schizophrenia, schizoaffective or affective disorders. After six months, 75 participants reported whether they had used individual counseling/psychotherapy, mutual-help/peer-support groups, or psychiatric hospitalization after baseline assessment.

Results

Controlling for baseline psychopathology and perceived stigma, low perceived legitimacy of discrimination, but not self-stigma or group identification, predicted use of counseling or psychotherapy. Participation in mutual-help groups was predicted by strong group identification. High self-stigma at baseline was associated with subsequent psychiatric hospitalization. Results were independent of diagnosis.

Discussion

Cognitive stigma-related variables may predict use of outpatient mental health services, whereas self-stigma may be a risk factor for psychiatric hospitalization. Distinct aspects of stigma appear to predict use of different mental health services.
P03-190 - Structure Of Clients Of The Group Of Neurotic Stress Associated And Somatoform Disorders Treated In Daily Hospital 1998 And 2008
Authors: Stevanovic M. , Mihajlovic S. , Stojanovic I.
Published: June 2010

Objective of the work

The objective of this work is to check the assumption that changed social and economic factors causes change in some of the characteristics of non-psychotic clients treated in the daily hospital.

Method

The investigation included 77 clients treated in the daily hospital in 1998 and 82 clients in 2008. Distribution of both groups was done according to the age, work status, duration of previous psychiatric treatment and diagnostic categories.

Results

The result of the work indicates that the profile of a non-psychotic client changes showing an increase of the number of the clients over 50 (participated as 22.07% and 47.56% in 1998 and 2008, respectively). The increase of the number of unemployed of 9.09% in 1998 and 42.68% in 2008 was observed. The increase of number of the clients treated less than one year was also observed (23.37% and 50% in 1998 and 2008 respectively). There are no more significant percentage differences regarding affective disorders (32.46% in 1998 and 34.14% in 2008) and in the category of personality disorder and adults behavior disorder (9.09% in 1998 and 9.75% in 2008).

Neurotic stress associated and somatoform disorders were slightly increased in 2008 (50%) in relation to 1998 (40.25%), with significantly increased number of the clients in F 43 diagnostic category, from 7.79% during 1998 to 31,70% during 2008.

Conclusion

The results obtained point out that change in social and economic factors causes changes in the profile of non-psychotic clients in daily hospital.
P03-194 - Profile Of Substance Abuse Disorder Patients Detained In Two Rural District Drug De-Addiction Centres In India
Authors: Acharya A.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Substance use or alcohol use were not a much concerned category in a far away district town 126 k.m away from state capital, Kolkata.

But the 2 drug de-addiction ceners those have a provision for a institutional therapy in such a rural Indian district remains almost full through out the year, here in Midnapore.

Objectives

Here is a repressentation of a present scenario in those 2 drug deaddiction center namely UTTARAN meaning upliftment, and JANANI meaning motherly care, during the period march2008- feb09.

Aims

There patterns and profile are analysed to make a comparism in some other situation in other parts of the world.

Methods

All patients admitted in those 2 Drug-deaddiction centere were analysed trough their records & there were 2 visits to longitudinaly analyse the persons there in 1.1.09.There were 134 patients in 1st center & 122 patient's turn over in the 2nd center. There were mainly male persons in the age range of 22-56 years with a median age of 39 years. Alcohol use detained patients were majority(>64%), followed by Marijuana smokers(5%), and heroine addicted patient(>10%), followed by medicinal coughsyrup, glue, & benzodiazepin like nitrazepam.

There were co-morbid other Psychiatric illness like BPMD, hypomaniac, or depressive disorders, and Personality disorders, like Borderline personality Disorder & Asocial personality disorder.

Results

There were divorce in 4% cases, jobless in >65% case. and their period of stay remains 3 weeks to 8weeks usually.

Recovery, or refraining from drug/alcohol after 3 monthhs is over 60%.

Conclusions

Treatment in Institutional-setting do the best &should present evrywhere.
P03-195 - Reasons Associated With Alcohol Use In Young Portuguese Students
Authors: Albuquerque C. , Ferreira A.P. , Pereira A. , Oliveira C.P.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the motivations for the consumption of alcohol by young adults in higher education.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study, of a quantitative nature, we have worked with a sample of 354 students (61.60% women), aged between 18 and 35 (M = 20.86 years, Dp = 3.52).

Results

It was a daily consumption of alcohol in 28.6% of students. The motivations described as being associated with the consumption of alcoholic beverages are: because gives you pleasure (25.7%), to be happy (24.0%), for uninhibited (18.7%), to forget the problems of everyday life (13.3%), to relate to others who also drink (7.9%), to calm (7.4%), because they miss family and friends (6.8%), to forget problems / angry with her boyfriend or friends (5.9%).

Conclusions

Evidence presented here based guidelines for preventive and health promotion in the university context.
P03-198 - Retrospective Study Of Socio-Demographic And Clinical Characteristics Of New Patients Admitted To An Alcohol Unit Of A General Hospital
Authors: Coentre R. , Ismail F.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Alcohol is the most widely psychoactive substance consumed in Portugal. The aim of this study is to describe the socio-demographics and clinical characteristics of alcohol abuse and dependence new patients of an Alcohol Unit in a University General Hospital.

Methods

We collected retrospectively data from all admitted patients to our Alcohol Unit between January and October 2009 with alcohol abuse or dependence diagnosis.

Results

Fifty three patients were admitted during the period, 40 (75%) males and 13(25%) females. The mean age was 45.4 years (s.d.:10.6; median: 42), range between 24-67 years. Thirteen percent of patients were single, 26% divorced, 4% widowed and 57% married/with partner. Fifty-seven percent were employed, 30% unemployed and 13% retired. Twenty one percent of patients had known cardiovascular disease and 19% percent alcoholic liver cirrhosis. As Psychiatric comorbities 19% percent of patients had depressive disorders, 6% personality disorders and 6% other psychiatric disorders (anxiety and psychotic disorders). Mean AST value was 67.3 IU/L (s.d.:64.3), mean ALT 52.9 IU/L (s.d.:47.9), mean GGT 258.6 IU/L (s.d.:367.6) and mean MCV 92.3 um3 (s.d.:8.3). Forty percent of patients made an acute detoxification (77% as outpatient and 33% as inpatient). Fifty five percent of patients attended our psychotherapy group. Benzodiazepines (96%), antidepressants (25%) and naltrexone (22%) were the most used psychopharmacological treatments.

Conclusions

This study shows that there was predominance of male, married/with partner and employed patients in our sample. Alcohol biomarkers were high on the majority of patients, and there was also a high prevalence of medical diseases.
P03-200 - Rct: Oxcarbazepine In Alcohol Relapse Prevention
Authors: Croissant B. , Diehl A. , Nakovics H. , Heinz A. , Mann K.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

We have compared oxcarbazepine (OXC) with acamprosate (ACP) in relapse prevention in recently withdrawn alcohol dependent patients. Oxcarbazepine blocks voltage-sensitive sodium channels. Its metabolite reduces high-voltage-activated calcium currents in striatal and cortical neurons, thus reducing glutamatergic transmission at corticostriatal synapses. This reduction is of interest in the treatment of alcohol dependence, since acamprosate modulates NMDA receptors, resulting in an inhibition of glutamatergic transmission. Furthermore, OXC has revealed a mood-stabilizing effect in bipolar affective disorders.

Methods

In a randomized open label pilot study 30 detoxified alcohol dependent patients were followed up for six months to assess treatment outcome in pharmacological relapse prevention. 15 alcoholics were treated with OXC and 15 with ACP. We asked for the time until first and heavy relapse and for drinks on drinking days. We assessed craving (OCDS), the severity of depression (ADS) and the degree of state anxiety (STAI).

Results

After withdrawal, time to severe relapse and time to first consumption of any ethanol by OXC patients was not longer than for ACP patients. Abstinent patients in both study groups showed significantly lower OCDS-G than relapsed patients. No undesired effects occurred when OXC patients consumed alcohol.

While the current sample size clearly limits further conclusions from this pilot study, it is noteworthy that OXC is well tolerated. Thus, in medication-based relapse prevention, OXC could have the potential of a promising alternative for alcoholic patients unable to benefit from ACP or naltrexone or who suffer from affective lability. OXC certainly merits a larger placebo controlled trial.
P03-207 - Gender Differences In Risks And Pattern Of Drug Dependence In Egypt
Authors: El-Sawy H.E.-D.
Published: June 2010

Objective

To identify possible differences in the ways that women and men are first texposed to drugs, in thier risks of abuse and the pattern of drug dependence.

Methods

Four hundreds and fifty seven of drug dependence who attended Outpatient clinic of Neuropsychiatry Department in Tanta University Hospital along the period from june 2006 to june 2009 were classified into two groups according to gender. The two groups (319 males and 138 females) were assessed using DSM IV structured interview and compared together regarding; age, age of starting drug use, duration of abuse, educational level in years, occupation, marital status, first drug used, number of abused drugs, route of use, possible risk factors, causes of asking help, numer of previous treatment trials and comorbid psychiatric disorders.

Results

Males started drug abuse earlier in age than females with longer duration of addiction. Single males are more vunerable to abuse specially in illitrate group. Drug abuse is more common in female students and in male workers. Drugs that are more commonly abused by males are cannabis followed by opiates then alcohol while in females Tramadol ranked first followed by followed by anticholinergics then cannabis. Peer pressure was the most common motivating factor for drug abuse in males contrary to family troubles and sexual abuse in females. Anxiety disorders are more common in females while depressive disorders were common in males.

Conclusion

Gender differences in drug abuse stresses the importance of strategies of treatment, motives for treatment and prevention of drug abuse in females.
P03-211 - Relationship Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder And Alexithymia With Relapse During 12 Months In Male Alcohol Dependent Inpatients
Authors: Evren C. , Cetin R. , Durkaya M. , Dalbudak E.
Published: June 2010

Objective

Aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alexithymia with relapse to alcohol use during 12 month follow-up after inpatient treatment in male alcohol dependents. Age at regular alcohol use, severity of alcohol related problems and psychiatric symptoms were controlled while evaluating these relationships.

Method

Among 156 consecutively admitted male alcohol dependents 136 could be reached at the end of 12 months. Patients were investigated with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale, the Symptom Check List and the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) and with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) at baseline.

Results

Among 136 alcohol dependent patients 66.2% (n=90) were considered to be relapsed according to telephone interview. Among these 102 were interviewed face to face. Rate of alexithymia and relapse and mean of “difficulty in identifying feelings-DIF” of TAS-20 were higher in PTSD group. Other than these there were no significant relationship between PTSD, alexithymia and relapse. PTSD diagnosis predicted relapse during 12 month follow-up (n=136). When only those who were evaluable to interview face to face included, only DIF predicted relapse (n=102).

Conclusions

PTSD and alexithymia (particularly DIF factor) may be related with relapse during 12 month follow-up. This study suggest that rather than the early onset of alcohol use, the severity of alcohol related problems and the general psychiatric symptoms, PTSD and DIF, which may be related, are two factors to focus when relapse prevention programs are planning.
P03-217 - Therapeutic Services For Adolescent Heroin Users In An Outpatient Psychotherapeutic Program
Authors: Koutras V. , Iliopoulou L. , Fidi E. , Komninou K. , Gonta S. , Basogianni V.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

In the present study we intend to show the effectiveness of therapeutic services provided to adolescent drug users.

Method

The Counseling Center for Combating Drug Abuse offers an outpatient counseling psychotherapeutic program for substance users. For adolescent users the program is adjusted to their needs, which are defined by the substance type, the drug use history, and the adolescent personal, familial, social, and academic level. No medication for withdrawal syndrome or maintenance therapy is administered, while there is psychiatric care in the case of comorbidity. The program's length is individualized, and usually lasts two years. Family is involved in the therapeutic procedure, as it constitutes the basic supportive system for adolescents. Dysfunctional families are helped to resolve their problems. Great emphasis is also given to the peer group. Our goal for the adolescent is to distance himself from friends involved with drug use, to empower the existing relationships with persons who keep off substances, and to be encouraged to make new, healthy relationships.As heroin user usually presents a decline in academic success, or has already stopped school, successful comeback is a critical therapeutic goal.

Results

From our data emerges that the effectiveness of therapy depends directly both on the progress in individual level and on the positive changes in the other three levels of intervention (family, friends, school).

Conclusions

An outpatient drug addiction psychotherapeutic program for adolescent users can be effective when it considers user not only as an individual but within his family, school and social environment.