bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and correlates of 30-day suicidal ideation and intent: Results of the South African National Student Mental Health Survey
Authors: Bantjes J , Kessler MJ , Hunt X , Kessler RC , Stein DJ
Published: April 2023

Background. Although suicide prevention is recognised as a priority among university students in South Africa (SA), it is unclear whatproportion of students require urgent indicated interventions and what the characteristics are of these students.Objective. To assess the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of 30-day suicidal ideation, frequency of ideation and self-reported intention to act on ideation in the next year among a national sample of SA university students.Methods. Self-report cross-sectional data were collected online from students (N=28 268) at 17 universities across SA as part of the national student mental health survey. Students reported suicidal ideation in the past 30 days, frequency of ideation and intention to act on ideation in the next year. Data were weighted within institutions by gender and population group, and across the four main types of universities (historically white, historically disadvantaged, technical and distance learning) to correct for response rate discrepancies. Prevalence was estimated with these weighted in the total sample and across types of universities. Poisson regression with robust error variances was used to investigate associations of sociodemographic characteristics with ideation and intention to act on suicidal ideation. Results are reported as relative risks (RRs) with design-based 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results. Thirty-day prevalence of suicidal ideation was 24.4% (standard error (SE) 0.3), with 2.1% (SE 0.1) and 4.1% (SE 0.1), respectively,reporting suicidal ideation all/almost all the time, or most of the time. A total of 1.5% (SE 0.1) of respondents reported being very likely to act on their suicidal ideation, while 3.9% (SE 0.2) were somewhat likely, 8.7% (SE 0.2) were not very likely and 85.8 (SE 0.5) either reported no suicidal ideation or that they were not at all likely to act on this ideation. Risk of suicidal ideation with high intent in the total sample was elevated among females (RR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3 - 2.7) and gender non-conforming students (RR 4.3, 95% CI 1.4 - 13.0) relative to males, black African students compared with white students (RR 3.6, 95% CI 1.9 - 7.1), students whose parents did not progress to secondary school compared with students whose parents had a university education (RR 1.6, 95% CI 1.0 - 2.5) and sexual minority students compared with heterosexual students (RR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3 - 2.6). Among students with 30-day ideation (controlling for frequency of ideation), only two of these predictors of high intent remained significant: identifying as black African (RR 2.7, 95% CI 1.4 - 5.1), and having parents with less than secondary education (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0 - 2.1).Conclusion. Scalable suicide prevention interventions are needed to reach the large number of SA students who report suicidal ideation with intent.
Aggregating in vitro-grown adipocytes to produce macroscale cell-cultured fat tissue with tunable lipid compositions for food applications
Authors: Yuen Jr John Se Kit , Saad Michael K , Xiang Ning , Barrick Brigid M , DiCindio Hailey , Li Chunmei , Zhang Sabrina W , Rittenberg Miriam , Lew Emily T , Zhang Kevin Lin , Leung Glenn , Pietropinto Jaymie A , Kaplan David L
Published: April 2023

We present a method of producing bulk cell-cultured fat tissue for food applications. Mass transport limitations (nutrients, oxygen, waste diffusion) of macroscale 3D tissue culture are circumvented by initially culturing murine or porcine adipocytes in 2D, after which bulk fat tissue is produced by mechanically harvesting and aggregating the lipid-filled adipocytes into 3D constructs using alginate or transglutaminase binders. The 3D fat tissues were visually similar to fat tissue harvested from animals, with matching textures based on uniaxial compression tests. The mechanical properties of cultured fat tissues were based on binder choice and concentration, and changes in the fatty acid compositions of cellular triacylglyceride and phospholipids were observed after lipid supplementation (soybean oil) during in vitro culture. This approach of aggregating individual adipocytes into a bulk 3D tissue provides a scalable and versatile strategy to produce cultured fat tissue for food-related applications, thereby addressing a key obstacle in cultivated meat production.
Bio-economic indicators of fisheries: impact of variations in landings and fish size on market prices in Istanbul Fish Market
Authors: Yildiz Taner , Ulman Aylin , Karakulak F. Saadet , Uzer Uğur , Demirel Nazli
Published: April 2023

Fisheries are of immense importance to Mediterranean countries, for protein, employment and livelihoods. Studies addressing the factors affecting fish price dynamics are of interest to examine their drivers as prices often dictate target fisheries. This study investigates fish market prices in relation to landings and fish sizes from Türkiye’s largest fish market in Istanbul as the study site. A total of 39 wild marine taxa were examined for their landed catch (kg) and average prices (per unit/TRY) from 2006 to 2019. We found fish prices increased from small pelagic to medium pelagic to demersal fish. GAM model results for inter-species tests showed a strong positive effect of local maximum length (p < 0.01) and a weaker positive effect of trophic level and vulnerability (p < 0.1) on fish market price, but that landings amounts have no significant effect as a single predictor. Monthly price variations of bluefish and bonito were completely different than other species dynamics, as the last substantial commercial medium pelagic fish species left; highest monthly prices were related to the highest monthly landings for bonito and for the non-closure period for bluefish. Market prices as economic indicators for fisheries may have the potential to reveal ecosystem variations as well as socioeconomic drivers. Databases including extensive data for key fish sales centers can be used to help understand fishery dynamics from an ecosystem perspective, especially for data-poor regions like Türkiye.
The Restrictive Factors and Practical Paths of the Development of China's Minority Sports Tourism Economy
Authors: Cuixiang Tao , Li Ai , Qinghua Zhao , Wenmao Xiong
Published: April 2023

With the rapid development of tourism, minority sports tourism has become an important part of China's tourism industry. However, the development of minority sports tourism still faces many constraints, such as imperfect infrastructure, lack of public awareness, lack of funds and lack of professional talents. The purpose of this paper is to explore the restrictive factors and practical paths for the economic development of China's ethnic minority sports tourism, including measures to strengthen infrastructure construction, improve public awareness, introduce external investment, cultivate professional talents, and protect the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities, so as to promote the sustainable development of China's ethnic minority sports tourism.
Evaluación de métodos de escalado y de rellenos de series de la fracción evaporativa
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Ponce Vargas Sebastián
Published: April 2023

En este estudio evaluamos la influencia de la nubosidad parcial, una variable que aún no se ha estudiado en profundidad, e incorporamos el contenido de humedad del suelo para mejorar el proceso de escalado de la fracción evaporativa. Se compararon seis métodos de escalado: fracción evaporativa constante (E_Rn-G), relación de radiación solar constante (E_Rs), parametrización heurística de la fracción evaporativa (E_H), fracción de evapotranspiración de referencia constante (E_ETo), fracción de las variables de fuerza (E_T) y relación del contenido de humedad del suelo (E_Ө). Y dos métodos de relleno de series: método de la fracción evaporativa previa (LE_EF) y método de la estimación de ET previa (LE_ET). Los resultados indican que el escalado de E_T y E_Rs produjeron las mejores estimaciones, obteniéndose los mayores errores con E_Ө, lo que fue asociado a la forma de su ecuación. En cuanto al relleno de series, LE_EF estimo mejor ET medida independientemente del método de escalado en días nublados. En cuanto a los días parcialmente nublados en cuanto al escalado, se obtuvo que su clasificación era innecesaria, mientras que con respecto al relleno de series se obtuvieron mejores resultados con LE_ET. Sin embargo, debido a que un mismo error en la clasificación de los días nos permitiría explicar ambos resultados se necesitan investigaciones adicionales para determinar su efecto con precisión.
Habitar la cubierta : la buena vida y protección solar
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Estudios Urbanos, Colombres Raby Martín Raúl
Published: April 2023

Esta tesis investiga y proyecta sobre la cubierta habitable como estrategia de proyección arquitectónica en Arica, y como ésta además puede ser un elemento bioclimático. Un elemento que filtra la fuerte radiación del norte de Chile, generando así espacios de confort en altura y al aire libre. El habitar la cubierta permite albergar programa en altura, generando conexiones visuales y espaciales, una constante relación entre exterior e interior y una conexión visual con la ciudad, el paisaje y sus vistas. De esta manera la cubierta habitable por su estrecha relación con el exterior, permite habitar sobre la cota urbana de la ciudad, al aire libre, habitar superficies programáticas y de encuentro. Se propone a través de un proyecto multiprograma ligado a espacios culturales, deportivos y de recreación al aire libre, que el habitar la cubierta es una técnica arquitectónica que debería ser más usada, debido a las posibilidades proyectuales, arquitectónicas y bioclimáticas que esta ofrece. Construcción de una cubierta que se basa en la idea de un basamento cuyo techo es la cubierta habitable. La forma, elementos y composición de la cubierta habitable generan superficies que son un aporte al espacio arquitectónico de la ciudad y al confort y bienestar de los espacios que esta alberga y de la cubierta misma. ¿Cómo y por qué habitar la cubierta y cómo ésta funciona como dispositivo de control de radiación solar en un clima desértico costero? El objetivo de esta investigación proyectual es la de proyectar sobre el tema de la cubierta. La cubierta como elemento arquitectónico capaz de ser habitado y como elemento que protege y hace uso de los elementos de la naturaleza, funcionando como un dispositivo de manejo de la radiación solar para de esta manera poder generar espacios habitables en altura y al aire libre.
Pobreza energética en contextos rurales : comunidades ecológicas como estrategia para su superación en la Región de Los Ríos
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Arquitectura, Fuentes Quezada Nehemías
Published: April 2023

Desde que se visibilizara la problemática de la Pobreza Energética, diversas han sido las acciones estratégicas implementadas para su superación. A nivel país, a pesar de existir estudios sobre la naturaleza multidimensional de este problema, escasos han sido los esfuerzos emprendidos por encontrar alternativas que aborden este fenómeno desde una mirada holística. La presente investigación plantea como objetivo explorar estrategias que resuelvan multidimensionalmente la problemática de la pobreza energética, específicamente en zonas rurales. Literatura reciente ha demostrado que la gestión de recursos mediante lógicas asociativas y comunitarias son una solución atingente a contextos campesinos para superación de la pobreza. Entendiendo que la Pobreza Energética es un fenómeno que forma parte del concepto multidimensional de Pobreza, en este estudio se busca explorar una aproximación multidimensional, dinámica y territorialmente pertinente de este fenómeno. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de este estudio explora el impacto que tendría la aplicación del modelo de Comunidades Intencionales Ecológicas en la superación de la Pobreza Energética Rural en la zona campesina de Liquiñe, Región de los Ríos, Chile. Mediante la obtención de datos primarios, usando una metodología de investigación de campo, se analiza la motivación y disposición de los miembros de la agrupación de artesanos de Liquiñe en implementar este modelo, y su posible impacto en superar la pobreza energética. Lo anterior nos lleva a proponer un proyecto arquitectónico piloto que aplica las dinámicas del habitar rural a una Comunidad Ecológica en Liquiñe.
Regeneración urbana en centros históricos : vivienda integrada en El Almendral de Valparaíso
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Arquitectura, Acevedo Umaña Florencia Victoria
Published: April 2023

El déficit de vivienda ha aumentado en los últimos años y en un escenario en donde el suelo urbano es cada vez más escaso, se vuelve necesario repensar las políticas habitacionales hacia un enfoque que considere las particularidades de cada territorio y que de término a la segregación social urbana (Castillo & Forray, 2014). En el caso particular de Valparaíso, ciudad-puerto y Patrimonio de la Humanidad, ha mostrado un decaimiento urbano generalizado en los últimos años, como espacios públicos deteriorados, escasez de áreas verdes, inseguridad y edificios patrimoniales en mal estado. En la zona del plan el deterioro es aún mayor. Centro histórico y comercial de Valparaíso de un pasado próspero, sufre las mismas falencias de otras ciudades de alta carga patrimonial, que durante el siglo XX se fueron desarrollando hacia la periferia dejando el centro despoblado y abandonado (Carrión, 2005). La vida pública sigue ahí, pero con un componente habitacional mínimo en comparación con el resto de la ciudad. Actualmente esta zona representa sólo un 3% de la población de toda la comuna, concentra los principales equipamientos de la ciudad y mantiene una alta actividad comercial durante el día. En el sector de El Almendral se puede distinguir una gran cantidad de predios, que para la presente investigación se presentarán bajo el concepto de “inmuebles subutilizados”. Estos corresponden a inmuebles de conservación Histórica (ICH) y edificios históricos no protegidos que se encuentran deteriorados o abandonados. En este estudio se propone una recuperación de aquellos sectores decaídos a partir de proyectos de vivienda que se integren a los ICH, como medio para la regeneración urbana del barrio En esta investigación se estudiará la regeneración urbana del plan de Valparaíso a partir de proyectos habitacionales de integración social en los inmuebles subutilizados del sector de El Almendral. Dado las condiciones en que se encuentran los centros históricos, se vuelve necesario estudiar una política habitacional que parta desde la propia condición patrimonial de la ciudad y otorgar así una nueva vida de barrio a El Almendral.
Propuesta de estandarización del diseño de torres de observación en Chile : desarrollo de un sistema modular en madera adaptable según uso y lugar, fabricable con materiales y medios locales de baja tecnología
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Arquitectura, Vial Undurraga Guillermo
Published: April 2023

El encargo de diseñar una torre de observación en Bahía Exploradores (Región de Aysén, Chile) da punto de partida a esta investigación. Se indaga la posibilidad de estandarizar el diseño de este tipo de torres en madera, considerando en el diseño la flexibilidad que permita adaptarse a otras ubicaciones y usos. Las diferentes condiciones del lugar donde se ha de ubicar la torre como su función específica conducen a analizar especialmente: la necesidad de un diseño adaptable, la lógica que debe observarse en los sistemas modulares desarrollados en altura, y la facilidad de transporte, fabricación y montaje. Estos tres temas sirven de guía para la investigación que en este caso aborda un tipo de torre específico que funciona como infraestructura y que a la vez es habitable como las torres mirador y las torres de detección de incendios, ambos asociados a lugares que se quieren proteger o poner en valor, y que son a la vez de interés turístico y/o científico. A partir de la lógica del diseño modular, se indaga la posibilidad de un sistema constructivo para edificar en altura y que pueda ser adaptado a distintas condiciones. Se diseñarán y evaluarán distintas opciones, focalizando la investigación en la posibilidad poco explorada de un sistema modular de madera en altura. Se formula a partir de estas una propuesta concreta. Esta última es probada en su estructura, su funcionamiento y su factibilidad de transporte, fabricación y montaje final, aplicándola al caso del encargo; para entender de esta manera si cumple con los requerimientos y evaluar la posibilidad de extrapolar la propuesta a torres situadas en otras ubicaciones y para otros usos.
Macro-ensamblaje tecnológico en el Desierto de Atacama : la reconfiguración del existenzminimun mediante infraestructuras topológicas
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Arquitectura, Noroña Navarrete José Alejandro
Published: April 2023

La supervivencia de la especie humana en un escenario de condiciones extremas como las que presenta el Desierto de Atacama presenta un problema en si para la arquitectura. Supone un desafío en el marco de diseño arquitectónico, la reconfiguración de los futuros habitantes, así como de los objetos tecnológicos que los acompañe. El argumento de esta tesis gira en torno a las posibles formas de concebir la arquitectura cuando políticas globales fallidas tienen efecto sobre procesos comerciales, ambientales y tecnológicos: desencadenando una crisis ambiental. La arquitectura se observa como una red de dispositivos con la capacidad de hacer frente a una crisis climática. El descuido por parte de la sociedad sobre las leyes que regulan los monopolios modernos ha permitido la creación de un estado poco competitivo. Multinacionales diariamente crean nuevas necesidades que aumentan el consumo y estiran las brechas de desigualdad, además de desestabilizar económica y energéticamente al planeta. Desencandenando en un escenario de escasez energética y un inminente destierro de la población, la cual buscará nuevos territorios donde establecerse acorde a sus posibilidades. La extinción de fábricas, multinacionales y estructuras comerciales provocará la creación de nuevas necesidades por parte de instituciones que toman las riendas del control comercial. El problema entoces, recae sobre los procesos generados cuando la crisis climática es tratada como un modelo sistémico. Esta tesis proyectual busca intervenir sobre las leyes comerciales, reformas energéticas, macro ensamblajes tecnológicos y cableados topológicos. Utilizando al desierto de Atacama como muestra de un escenario poco habitado y de condiciones extremas, similares a las que los habitantes futuros se enfrenten. Se plantea reformular las formas de vida contemporánea y las relaciones que se generan cuando sujetos, dispositivos tecnológicos, organismos y recursos energéticos se aúnan en refugios, cápsulas y bunkers para hacer frente a una crisis climática.
Medidas de acuerdo bajo el modelo estructural multivariado
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Matemáticas, Ávila Albornoz Julio Cesar
Published: April 2023

En biometría, ingeniería, medicina y otras áreas es común disponer de distintos instrumentos que midan alguna característica en una unidad experimental. En ocasiones, un nuevo instrumento es propuesto como una alternativa más económica o práctica respecto al instrumento estándar. Si ambos trabajan en una misma escala, es deseable medir el grado de acuerdo o de concordancia que alcanzan. En este contexto, existen varias propuestas para medir el acuerdo entre instrumentos de las cuales se profundizaría en: El Coeficiente de Correlación de Concordancia (CCC) y la Probabilidad de Acuerdo (PA). Las mediciones de los instrumentos pueden estar sujetas a error en la medición. Si estos errores de medición no fueran considerados, las inferencias realizadas podrían estar comprometidas o ser incorrectas. Los Modelos con Error de Medición (MEM) permiten incorporar la incertidumbre que el proceso de medición pueda tener. Una aplicación de los MEM es el modelo de calibración en su versión estructural. Para modelar el error de medición, los MEM asumen una distribución multivariante, siendo la distribución Normal multivariada de gran utilidad en varias aplicaciones. Sin embargo, en presencia de colas pesadas o de datos atípicos, la suposición de normalidad puede ser poco adecuada llevando a comprometer los resultados. Una manera de afrontar este problema es emplear la distribución t multivariada considerada como una extensión de la distribución Normal multivariada. El objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar bajo el Modelo Estructural Multivariado, herramientas de inferencia estadística para las medidas de acuerdo: CCC y PA. El Modelo Estructural considera el uso de la distribución Normal Multivariada y la t multivariada. Las herramientas estadísticas fueron aplicadas a conjuntos de datos clásicos en la comparación de instrumentos y además, en aplicaciones financieras como el retorno de acciones y las proyecciones del tipo de cambio por parte de operadores financieros.
Identification of long noncoding RNAs in competing endogenous RNA networks through out the gastric precancerous cascade
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Medicina, Wichmann Pérez Ignacio Alberto
Published: April 2023

El cáncer gástrico es una de las causas principales de muerte por cáncer en Chile y el mundo, debido principalmente a la ausencia de test de tamizaje capaces de detectar a pacientes en cáncer incipiente o en riesgo de desarrollar la enfermedad. En este contexto, es particularmente importante comprender la biología que antecede a la aparición de cáncer invasor ya que puede proveer información biológica relevante para la detección temprana de la enfermedad. Mediante la integración de múltiples estrategias bioinformáticas y el empleo de datos públicos, identificamos un grupo de RNAs largos no codificantes que aumentan en estadios previos a la aparición de cáncer gástrico y que contribuyen a la progresión de esta enfermedad mediante un mecanismo conocido como redes de competencia endógena de RNAs.
Inflammatory Markers in Lung CancerA Comparative Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jain Manisha , Qureshi Mohammed Javed , Khippal Narendra , Bhandari Chand , Jaanakhi VM , Prasad Karthika
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide, principally because of its late diagnosis. Chronic inflammation plays a significant role in tumour growth and progression via increasing the levels of inflammatory markers in blood. Inflammatory markers are expected to be valuable prognostic biomarkers in cancer. Markers like Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC), Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC), platelet count, Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) may aid in assessing prognosis of lung cancer. Aim: To study the inflammatory markers (ANC, ALC, Platelet count, NLR and PLR) in lung cancer and correlate these markers with cancer stage and histopathological type. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in lung cancer patients at Institute of Respiratory Diseases, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Sixty patients with lung cancer and sixty controls were included. The clinical characteristics, ANC, ALC, platelet count, NLR and PLR of cases and controls were assessed and compared. Also, the comparison of these inflammatory markers with Tumor, Nodes and Metastases (TNM) staging and histopathological type of lung cancer were documented and results were interpreted. The data analysis was done with the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, IBM manufacturer, Chicago, USA, (Ver.) 26. Results: Mean age (years) of the case and control groups was 60.17 and 61.03, respectively. Distribution of gender in cases and controls was comparable. The major histology of lung cancer was Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC, 81.66%) out of which squamous cell carcinoma constituted 55.00% and adenocarcinoma 21.67%, followed by small cell carcinoma at 18.33%. Overall, 46.67% of the patients belonged to TNM staging IVA followed by IIIB (25.00%). The levels of ANC, platelet count, NLR and PLR were significantly elevated and ALC was decreased in cases as compared to control. There was no statistically significant association between the inflammatory markers ANC, ALC, platelet counts, NLR and PLR with the histopathological type of lung cancer. Mean ANC, platelet count, NLR and PLR were found to be significantly elevated in late stages of lung cancer, whereas, ALC had no such association with the stages of lung cancer. Conclusion: Inflammatory markers (ANC, platelet count, NLR, PLR, ALC) can serve as valuable prognostic biomarkers in lung cancer and can easily be used in resource-limited areas.
Evaluation of Postoperative Analgesia on Addition of Dexmedetomidine to Ropivacaine 0.2% in Femoral Nerve Block in Patients undergoing Open Knee Surgery-A Randomised Single Blinded Study
Authors: Shah Neha M , Katakiya Jayesh , Syed Afroza N , Bumiya Pinal , Cheraya Neha
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Femoral Nerve Block (FNB) renders marked postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing knee surgery and use of adjuvant to Local Anaesthetic (LA) agent is more advantageous in lengthening duration of sensory effect of block. Aim: To evaluate the effect of addition of dexmedetomidine to 0.2% Ropivacaine in FNB. Materials and Methods: The randomised clinical trial was conducted at Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India which included 60 patients of either sex, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) Grade-I,II,III posted for open knee surgery. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups-Group RD patients received 0.2% ropivacaine 20 milliliter (mL) with dexmedetomidine 2 mL (50 μg) and Group R received 0.2% ropivacaine 20 mL with normal saline 2 mL for FNB. Duration of postoperative analgesia, total requirement of systemic rescue analgesic in 24 hours, vital parameters and complications were observed. Statistical analysis was done with Medcalc 14.8.1 statistical software. A p<0.05 considered as significant. Result: Duration of analgesia was significantly longer in Group RD (484±26.98 min) than in Group R (338±29.40 min), p<0.0001. Mean postoperative cumulative requirement of analgesic (Tramadol) was lesser in Group RD (207±25 milligram (mg)) than in Group R (290±30 mg), p<0.0001. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine 0.2% for FNB significantly augments duration of analgesia and reduces requirement of systemic analgesic declining its unfavourable effect.
How is Bangladesh Growing More Susceptible to Infectious Disease Epidemics as a Result of Climate Change? A Systematic Review
Authors: Noorunnahar Mst. , Mily Maksuda Akter , Khatun Lima , Rahman Md. Ashiqur , Pranto Rayhan Ahmmed , Uddin Khandoker Saif
Published: April 2023

Bangladesh is facing unpredictable weather patterns, as well as a consistent rise in temperature and precipitation. Climate change has had a negative impact on physical and mental health, leading to an increase mostly in the prevalence and variation of infectious diseases, as well as psychological issues such as depression and anxiety disorders. Given the country's inherent sensitivity to climatic influences, the climate-health nexus is a relatively unexplored subject of research. The purpose of this article is to investigate the severity of climate change in Bangladesh and how it impacts the health of the public. Morbidity and mortality due to heat stress, cyclones, floods, droughts, and other weather extremes at various spatiotemporal scales have been observed as direct effects of climate change in Bangladesh. The indirect effects involve more complicated paths, such as affecting food and water security due to salinity intrusion and the development of infectious diseases because of shifts in vector and pathogen ecology. To mitigate the effects of climate change on various infectious diseases, healthcare and response systems must be strengthened. By implementing proactive adaptation methods, we may significantly and actively contribute to preventing and regulating the negative consequences of climate change on human health. There is little evidence to make sound health policy decisions in the context of climate change, and there is a lack of multidisciplinary research activities. Despite these constraints, gathering and reporting scientific information is essential for developing a resilient health system in climate-vulnerable countries like Bangladesh and other low-income regions.
Analysis of Innovation Paths Big Data Mining to Big Data Algorithm of Business Administration
Authors: Yu Xiaomei
Published: April 2023

In the process of enterprise management, there are some problems such as poor accuracy and long selection time of computer science innovation path, which seriously affect the effective selection of computer science path innovation. Based on a big data mining method, this paper analyzes the path innovation of computer science from three dimensions, constructs the path set of path innovation by least dichotomy, and obtains the optimal innovation path by derivation. Then, the maximum likelihood theory is used to calculate the innovation path and compared it with the previous path innovation methods, comparing the accuracy and calculation time of different innovation paths. MATLAB simulation results show that the big data mining method can improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of innovation path selection, reaching more than 90%, and control the selection time of the innovation path within 25 seconds, and the overall result is better than the previous path innovation methods. Therefore, the big data mining method can improve the accuracy of computer science innovation path selection and meet the needs of computer science path innovation in business administration. However, in the research of big data mining methods, this paper ignores the analysis of multi-path innovation, which leads to insufficient research depth. In the future, it will further analyze multi-path innovation.
Vacuole membrane contact sites regulate liquid‐ordered domain formation during glucose starvation
Authors: Sakuragi Keiko , Schlarmann Philipp , Ikeda Atsuko , Funato Kouichi
Published: April 2023

Liquid‐ordered (Lo) membrane domains have been proposed to play important roles in a wide variety of biological processes, such as protein sorting and cell signaling. However, the mechanisms by which they are formed and maintained remain poorly understood. Lo domains are formed in the vacuolar membrane of yeast in response to glucose starvation. Here, we show that the deletion of proteins that localize to vacuole membrane contact sites (MCSs) caused a marked decrease in the number of cells with Lo domains. In addition to Lo domain formation, autophagy is induced upon glucose starvation. However, the deletion of core autophagy proteins did not inhibit Lo domain formation. Thus, we propose that vacuolar Lo domain formation during glucose restriction is regulated by MCSs but not by autophagy.
Glycosphingolipids within membrane contact sites influence their function as signaling hubs in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Weesner Jason Andrew , Annunziata Ida , van de Vlekkert Diantha , d'Azzo Alessandra
Published: April 2023

Intracellular organelles carry out many of their functions by engaging in extensive interorganellar communication through specialized membrane contact sites (MCSs) formed where two organelles tether to each other or to the plasma membrane (PM) without fusing. In recent years, these ubiquitous membrane structures have emerged as central signaling hubs that control a multitude of cellular pathways, ranging from lipid metabolism/transport to the exchange of metabolites and ions (i.e., Ca2+), and general organellar biogenesis. The functional crosstalk between juxtaposed membranes at MCSs relies on a defined composite of proteins and lipids that populate these microdomains in a dynamic fashion. This is particularly important in the nervous system, where alterations in the composition of MCSs have been shown to affect their functions and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on the MCSs that are formed by the tethering of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the mitochondria, the ER to the endo‐lysosomes and the mitochondria to the lysosomes. We highlight how glycosphingolipids that are aberrantly processed/degraded and accumulate ectopically in intracellular membranes and the PM change the topology of MCSs, disrupting signaling pathways that lead to neuronal demise and neurodegeneration. In particular, we focus on neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases linked to altered glycosphingolipid catabolism.
Efficient Electron Transfer from an Electron‐Reservoir Polyoxometalate to Dual‐Metal‐Site Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient Electroreduction of Nitrogen
Authors: Yang Mengle , Wang Xinming , Gómez‐García Carlos J. , Jin Zhongxin , Xin Jianjiao , Cao Xixian , Ma Huiyuan , Pang Haijun , Tan Lichao , Yang Guixin , Kan Yuhe
Published: April 2023

Precise design and construction of catalysts with satisfied performance for ambient electrolytic nitrogen reduction reaction (e‐NRR) is extremely challenging. By in situ integrating an electron‐rich polyoxometalates (POMs) into stable metal organic frameworks (MOFs), five POMs‐based MOFs formulated as [FexCoy(Pbpy)9(ox)6(H2O)6][P2W18O62]·3H2O (abbreviated as FexCoyMOF‐P2W18) are created and directly used as catalysts for e‐NRR. Their electrocatalytic performances are remarkably improved thanks to complementary advantages and promising possibilities of MOFs and POMs. In particular, NH3 yield rates of 47.04 µg h−1 mgcat.−1 and Faradaic efficiency of 31.56% by FeCoMOF‐P2W18 for e‐NRR are significantly enhanced by a factor of 4 and 3, respectively, compared to the [Fe0.5Co0.5(Pbpy)(ox)]2·(Pbpy)0.5. The cyclic voltammetry curves, density functional theory calculations and in situ Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy confirm that there is a directional electron channel from P2W18 to the MOFs unit to accelerate the transfer of electrons. And the introduction of bimetals Fe and Co in the P2W18‐based MOFs can reduce the energy of the *N2 to *N2H step, thereby increasing the production of NH3. More importantly, this POM in situ embedding strategy can be extended to create other e‐NRR catalysts with enhanced performances, which opens a new avenue for future NH3 production for breakthrough in the bottleneck of e‐NRR.
The Synergistic Effects of Multidrug‐Loaded Nanocarriers Improve Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Chemo‐Sonodynamic Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Gao Xiujun , Bao Ke , Zhang Yanqiu , Liu Liyan , Li Ying , Hu Chunhong , Zhao Yuqing , Lu Wei , Wei Xi
Published: April 2023

Chemotherapy works synergistically with sonodynamic therapy in a multi‐functional system and is employed to improve the therapeutic outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, ultrasound‐responsive multi‐functional nanoparticles (USFNPs) are loaded with dual drugs, doxorubicin, and a composite ultrasound‐sensitive agent, curcumin‐gold. The USFNPs are modified with an acid‐hydrolyzable polyethylene glycol outermost layer, making it stable in blood and normal tissues while peeling off in the acidic tumor microenvironment. The USFNPs have high specificity to liver tumor cells (Hepa 1–6 cells); can escape from lysosomes following endocytosis, and exhibit better biocompatibility. Moreover, the carriers enhance the nuclear delivery of the drugs and inhibit p‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) expression of Hepa 1–6 cells. In cancer cells, carriers convert hydrogen peroxide into oxygen, improving the hypoxic microenvironment and generating abundant superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals. Confocal laser scanning microscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, flow cytometry, cytotoxicity, acute toxicity assays, and Western blot analysis are used to demonstrate the results. The findings suggest USFNPs as novel and potential antitumor agents for treating hepatocellular carcinoma.
3D Printing of Extracellular Matrix‐Based Multicomponent, All‐Natural, Highly Elastic, and Functional Materials toward Vascular Tissue Engineering
Authors: Isik Melis , Karakaya Ece , Arslan Tugba Sezgin , Atila Deniz , Erdogan Yasar Kemal , Arslan Yavuz Emre , Eskizengin Hakan , Eylem Cemil Can , Nemutlu Emirhan , Ercan Batur , D'Este Matteo , Okesola Babatunde O. , Derkus Burak
Published: April 2023

3D printing offers an exciting opportunity to fabricate biological constructs with specific geometries, clinically relevant sizes, and functions for biomedical applications. However, successful application of 3D printing is limited by the narrow range of printable and bio‐instructive materials. Multicomponent hydrogel bioinks present unique opportunities to create bio‐instructive materials able to display high structural fidelity and fulfill the mechanical and functional requirements for in situ tissue engineering. Herein, 3D printable and perfusable multicomponent hydrogel constructs with high elasticity, self‐recovery properties, excellent hydrodynamic performance, and improved bioactivity are reported. The materials' design strategy integrates fast gelation kinetics of sodium alginate (Alg), in situ crosslinking of tyramine‐modified hyaluronic acid (HAT), and temperature‐dependent self‐assembly and biological functions of decellularized aorta (dAECM). Using extrusion‐based printing approach, the capability to print the multicomponent hydrogel bioinks with high precision into a well‐defined vascular constructs able to withstand flow and repetitive cyclic compressive loading, is demonstrated. Both in vitro and pre‐clinical models are used to show the pro‐angiogenic and anti‐inflammatory properties of the multicomponent vascular constructs. This study presents a strategy to create new bioink whose functional properties are greater than the sum of their components and with potential applications in vascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Development of a Synthetic, Injectable Hydrogel to Capture Residual Glioblastoma and Glioblastoma Stem‐Like Cells with CXCL12‐Mediated Chemotaxis
Authors: Khan Zerin Mahzabin , Munson Jennifer M. , Long Timothy E. , Vlaisavljevich Eli , Verbridge Scott S.
Published: April 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM), characterized by high infiltrative capacity, is the most common and deadly type of primary brain tumor in adults. GBM cells, including therapy‐resistant glioblastoma stem‐like cells (GSCs), invade the healthy brain parenchyma to form secondary tumors even after patients undergo surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy. New techniques are therefore urgently needed to eradicate these residual tumor cells. A thiol‐Michael addition injectable hydrogel for compatibility with GBM therapy is previously characterized and optimized. This study aims to develop the hydrogel further to capture GBM/GSCs through CXCL12‐mediated chemotaxis. The release kinetics of hydrogel payloads are investigated, migration and invasion assays in response to chemoattractants are performed, and the GBM‐hydrogel interactions in vitro are studied. With a novel dual‐layer hydrogel platform, it is demonstrated that CXCL12 released from the synthetic hydrogel can induce the migration of U251 GBM cells and GSCs from the extracellular matrix microenvironment and promote invasion into the synthetic hydrogel via amoeboid migration. The survival of GBM cells entrapped deep into the synthetic hydrogel is limited, while live cells near the surface reinforce the hydrogel through fibronectin deposition. This synthetic hydrogel, therefore, demonstrates a promising method to attract and capture migratory GBM cells and GSCs responsive to CXCL12 chemotaxis.
Solvation Structure Modulation of High‐Voltage Electrolyte for High‐Performance K‐Based Dual‐Graphite Battery
Authors: Han Chengjun , Wang Haiyan , Wang Zelin , Ou Xuewu , Tang Yongbing
Published: April 2023

Due to the advantages of dual‐ion batteries (DIBs) and abundant resources, potassium‐based dual‐carbon batteries (K‐DCBs) have wide application prospects. However, conventional carbonate ester‐based electrolyte systems have obvious drawbacks such as poor oxidation resistance and difficulty in sustaining the anion intercalation process at high voltages, which seriously affect the capacity and cycle performance of K‐DCBs. Therefore, a rational design of more efficient novel electrolyte systems is urgently required to realize high‐performance K‐DCBs. Herein, a solvation structure modulation strategy for the K‐DCB electrolyte systems is reported. Consequently, substantial K+ ion storage improvement at the graphite anode and enhanced bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion (FSI−) intercalation capacity at the graphite cathode are successfully realized simultaneously. As a proof‐of‐concept, the assembled K‐DCB exhibited a discharge capacity of 103.4 mAh g−1, and after 400 cycles, ≈90% capacity retention is observed. Moreover, the energy density of the K‐DCB full cell reached 157.6 Wh kg−1, which is the best performance in reported K‐DCBs till date. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of solvation modulation in improving the performance of K‐DCBs.
Tuning 2D Magnetism in Cobalt Monoxide Nanosheets Via In Situ Nickel‐Doping
Authors: Jiang Jian , Feng Wenyong , Wen Yao , Yin Lei , Wang Hao , Feng Xiaoqiang , Pei Yan‐li , Cheng Ruiqing , He Jun
Published: April 2023

Element doping has become an effective strategy to engineer the magnetic properties of two‐dimensional (2D) materials and is widely explored in van der Waals layered transition metal dichalcogenides. However, the high‐concentration substitution doping of 2D nonlayered metal oxides, which can preserve the original crystal texture and guarantee the homogeneity of doping distribution, is still a critical challenge due to the isotropic bonding of closed‐packed structures. In this work, the synthesis of high‐quality 2D nonlayered nickel‐doped cobalt monoxide nanosheets via in situ atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition method is reported. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy confirmed that nickel atoms are doped at the intrinsic cobalt atom sites. The nickel doping concentration is stable at ≈15%, superior to most magnetic dopants doping in 2D materials and metal oxides. Magnetic measurements showed that pristine cobalt monoxide is nonferromagnetic, whereas nickel‐doped cobalt monoxide exhibits robust ferromagnetic behavior with a Curie temperature of ≈180 K. Density functional theory calculations reveal that nickel atoms can improve the internal ferromagnetic correlation, giving rise to significant ferromagnetic performance of cobalt monoxide nanosheets. These results provide a valuable case for tuning the competing correlated states and magnetic ordering by substitution doping in 2D nonlayered oxide semiconductors.
Skin‐Adhesive, ‐Breathable, and ‐Compatible Nanopaper Electronics for Harmonious On‐Skin Electrophysiological Monitoring
Authors: Huang Yintong , Araki Teppei , Kurihira Naoko , Kasuga Takaaki , Sekitani Tsuyoshi , Nogi Masaya , Koga Hirotaka
Published: April 2023

On‐skin electronics, which offers an interface for extracting electrophysiological signals from skin, is intensively investigated using electrodes mounted on flexible substrates. Despite numerous efforts toward substrate design to optimize user comfort, substrates with skin‐adhesion, skin‐breathability, skin‐compatibility, mechanical endurance, sterilizability, sustainability, and biodegradability remain desirable candidates for human‐ and environment‐friendly on‐skin electronics. To this end, a wood‐derived cellulose nanofiber paper (denoted nanopaper) with customized porous nanostructures is developed in this study. The customized porous nanopaper enables water‐assisted deformation for skin‐conformability, thereby realizing outstanding skin‐adhesion force, along with high skin‐breathability and compatibility, superior to those of conventional substrates reported for on‐skin electronics. By mounting gold electrodes on the porous nanopaper and adhering them to human skin, the real‐time monitoring of electroencephalogram, electromyogram, and electrocardiogram for diagnosing the human physiological state is successfully achieved. Furthermore, the gold‐electrode‐mounted porous nanopaper affords unique characteristics including durability against skin deformation, reusability, and even sterilizability, owing to its high mechanical endurance, and thermal stabilities. Thus, the as‐prepared porous nanopaper serves a fascinating platform for human‐ and environment‐harmonious on‐skin electronics.
From Surfactants to Viscoelastic Capsules
Authors: De Angelis Gaia , Gray Natascha , Lutz‐Bueno Viviane , Amstad Esther
Published: April 2023

Micrometer sized capsules are often used as single entities for the encapsulation and release of active ingredients, for example in food, cosmetics, and drug delivery. Important parameters that determine the stability of capsules and the release of reagents contained in them are the dimensions and composition of their shell. Most capsule shells are rather thick, thereby occupying a significant fraction of the capsule volume, or they are rigid, making the capsules fragile. This work introduces viscoelastic capsules with very thin shells of order 10 nm. Despite the thin nature of these shells, they are flexible, self‐healing, yet, for practical applications impermeable even to low molecular weight substances. These shells are formed by ionically crosslinking surfactants that are functionalized with catechol‐derivatives. This work investigates the influence of the number of chelators contained per surfactant and the crosslinking ion on the rheological properties of the membranes and relate it to the mechanical properties of the resulting capsules. This work demonstrates that these shells are impermeable to molecules as small as 340 Da even if loaded with cell culture media, indicating their potential for biomedical applications.
Effects of 3‐HAA on HCC by Regulating the Heterogeneous Macrophages—A scRNA‐Seq Analysis
Authors: Xue Chen , Gu Xinyu , Zheng Qiuxian , Shi Qingmiao , Yuan Xin , Chu Qingfei , Jia Junjun , Su Yuanshuai , Bao Zhengyi , Lu Juan , Li Lanjuan
Published: April 2023

Kynurenine derivative 3‐hydroxyanthranilic acid (3‐HAA) is known to regulate the immune system and exhibit anti‐inflammatory activity by inhibiting T‐cell cytokine secretion and influencing macrophage activity. However, the definite role of 3‐HAA in the immunomodulation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is largely unexplored. An orthotopic HCC model and treated with 3‐HAA by intraperitoneal injection is developed. Furthermore, cytometry by time‐of‐flight (CyTOF) and single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) analyses are carried out to define the immune landscape of HCC. It is found that 3‐HAA treatment can significantly suppress tumor growth in the HCC model and alter the level of various cytokines in plasma. CyTOF data shows that 3‐HAA significantly increases the percentage of F4/80hiCX3CR1loKi67loMHCIIhi macrophages and decreases the percentage of F4/80loCD64+PD‐L1lo macrophages. scRNA‐seq analyses demonstrate that 3‐HAA treatment is proved to regulate the function of M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, and proliferating macrophages. Notably, 3‐HAA inhibits the proinflammatory factors TNF and IL‐6 in multiple cell subsets, including resident macrophages, proliferating macrophages, and pDCs. This study reveals the landscape of immune cell subsets in HCC in response to 3‐HAA, indicating that 3‐HAA may be a promising therapeutic target for HCC.