bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The biharmonic index of connected graphs
Authors: Lin Zhen ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China,   Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Published: January 2022

Let $ G $ be a simple connected graph with the vertex set $ V(G) $ and $ d_{B}(u, v) $ be the biharmonic distance between two vertices $ u $ and $ v $ in $ G $. The biharmonic index $ BH(G) $ of $ G $ is defined as

   \begin{document}$ BH(G) = \frac{1}{2}\sum\limits_{u\in V(G)}\sum\limits_{v\in V(G)}d_{B}^2(u, v) = n\sum\limits_{i = 2}^{n}\frac{1}{\lambda_i^2(G)}, $\end{document}

where $ \lambda_i(G) $ is the $ i $-th eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix of $ G $ with $ n $ vertices. In this paper, we provide the mathematical relationships between the biharmonic index and some classic topological indices: the first Zagreb index, the forgotten topological index and the Kirchhoff index. In addition, the extremal value on the biharmonic index for all graphs with diameter two, trees and firefly graphs are given, respectively. Finally, some graph operations on the biharmonic index are presented.
A two-grid $ P_0^2 $-$ P_1 $ mixed finite element scheme for semilinear elliptic optimal control problems
Authors: Xu Changling ,   School of Mathematics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin street, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China, Chen Hongbo ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Beihua University, Jilin, 132013, Jilin, China
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to construct a two-grid mixed finite element scheme for distributed optimal control governed by semilinear elliptic equations. The state and co-state are approximated by the $ P_0^2 $-$ P_1 $ pair and the control variable is approximated by the piecewise constant functions. First, a superclose result for the control variable and a priori error estimates for all variables are obtained. Second, a two-grid $ P_0^2 $-$ P_1 $ mixed finite element algorithm is presented and the corresponding error is analyzed. In the two-grid scheme, the solution of the semilinear elliptic optimal control problem on a fine grid is reduced to the solution of the semilinear elliptic optimal control problem on a much coarser grid and the solution of a linear decoupled algebraic system on the fine grid and the resulting solution still maintains an asymptotically optimal accuracy. We find that the two-grid method achieves the same convergence property as the $ P_0^2 $-$ P_1 $ mixed finite element method if the two mesh sizes satisfy $ h = H^2 $. Finally, a numerical example demonstrating our theoretical results is presented.
Quantitative predictive approaches for Dupuytren disease: a brief review and future perspectives
Authors: Eftimie Georgiana ,   Clinique de la Miotte, Avenue de la Miotte, Belfort 90000, France, Eftimie Raluca ,   Laboratoire Mathématiques de Besançon, UMR - CNRS 6623 Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon 25000, France
Published: January 2022

In this study we review the current state of the art for Dupuytren's disease (DD), while emphasising the need for a better integration of clinical, experimental and quantitative predictive approaches to understand the evolution of the disease and improve current treatments. We start with a brief review of the biology of this disease and current treatment approaches. Then, since certain aspects in the pathogenesis of this disorder have been compared to various biological aspects of wound healing and malignant processes, next we review some in silico (mathematical modelling and simulations) predictive approaches for complex multi-scale biological interactions occurring in wound healing and cancer. We also review the very few in silico approaches for DD, and emphasise the applicability of these approaches to address more biological questions related to this disease. We conclude by proposing new mathematical modelling and computational approaches for DD, which could be used in the absence of animal models to make qualitative and quantitative predictions about the evolution of this disease that could be further tested in vitro.
Cross immunity protection and antibody-dependent enhancement in a distributed delay dynamic model
Authors: Steindorf Vanessa ,   Mathematical and Theoretical Biology Group, Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, BCAM, Bilbao, Spain, Oliva Sergio , Wu Jianhong ,   Applied Mathematics Department, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil,   Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, York University, Toronto, Canada
Published: January 2022

Dengue fever is endemic in tropical and subtropical countries, and certain important features of the spread of dengue fever continue to pose challenges for mathematical modelling. Here we propose a system of integro-differential equations (IDE) to study the disease transmission dynamics that involve multi-serotypes and cross immunity. Our main objective is to incorporate and analyze the effect of a general time delay term describing acquired cross immunity protection and the effect of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), both characteristics of Dengue fever. We perform qualitative analysis of the model and obtain results to show the stability of the epidemiologically important steady solutions that are completely determined by the basic reproduction number and the invasion reproduction number. We establish the global dynamics by constructing a suitable Lyapunov functional. We also conduct some numerical experiments to illustrate bifurcation structures, indicating the occurrence of periodic oscillations for a specific range of values of a key parameter representing ADE.
Nobel Committee Honors Two Pioneers in Climate Physics
Authors: TIMMERMANN Axel
Published: January 2022

This year’s Nobel prize in physics is awarded - in part - to two climate scientists, who made fundamental contributions to our understanding of the climate system and its response to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Their research marks a milestone in understanding, simulating, and detecting human-induced climate change.
Mondays With Mac
Authors: Dorn-Medeiros Cort M. , Christensen Jeffrey K. , Lertora Ian
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to “paint a picture of the counseling process” through rich description of how the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (MSJCC) can be applied through a model and stance of cultural humility, rather than a blanket state of achieving “cultural competence” in cross-cultural counseling. The mission of this chapter to convey the critical nature of accounting for the first author's (“counselor”) positions of privilege, including positions of racial, age, socioeconomic status, and legal status privileges, over the client (“Mac”), and recognizing how cultural humility needs to be evoked within the counselor in order to apply tenants of the MSJCC as well as the counselor's interpersonal and relational-cultural approach to counseling and facilitating client growth and healing.
Indigenous Killjoys Negotiating the Labyrinth of Dis/Mistrust
Authors: Carlson Bronwyn
Published: January 2022

Indigenous scholars often feel like they have to do better and be better to fit in the academy. The sense of being an imposer is an emotion that is familiar to many. Indigenous women particularly become very accustomed to the gendered and racialized codes of academia. Raising the issue positions Indigenous women as killjoys – always demanding more than they are entitled. Indigenous scholars bring a lot to the academy and can draw on millennia of Indigenous knowledge as they negotiate a labyrinth of dis/mistrust in the system. Despite this, they will prevail as scholars of substance and worth.
The Ambit of Ethics in the South African Academic Institutions
Authors: Shange Xolani Mathews
Published: January 2022

The chapter examines possible use of instruments and processes such as ethical clearance in the institutions of higher learning as subtle means of perpetuating inequality and racial prejudice towards the indigenous people of South Africa who had recently emerged from the scourge of apartheid with a hope of democracy ultimately providing not only freedom of association and speech, but also intellectual freedom. Freedom to produce African-based knowledge by Black African intellectuals pursuing their postgraduate studies and academics whose careers are at formative stages. However, their vision of becoming producers of African Indigenous knowledge is thwarted by subtle and invisible activities that are aimed at perpetuate coloniality in the higher institutions of learning. Sadly, ethical clearance process has possibly been utilized to derail research outputs that some of the old guard from historically white universities are uncomfortable to witness, thus continuing to maintain the colonial status quo.
Culturally Responsive Pedagogy, Universal Design for Learning, Ubiquitous Learning, and Seamless Learning
Authors: Nussli Natalie , Oh Kevin
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to develop a one-stop checklist that assists educators in providing online teaching grounded in the principles of culturally responsive pedagogy (CRP), Universal Design for Learning (UDL), ubiquitous learning (u-learning), and seamless learning. The authors explore how these paradigms inform the intentional design of learner-centered approaches in online learning environments and what an integrated approach could look like. This chapter will be relevant for faculty in higher education aiming to offer online curricula that emphasize active, collaborative, constructive, authentic, and goal-directed learning.
Language Loss
Authors: Thorsos Nilsa J.
Published: January 2022

This chapter explores the phenomenon of heritage language loss (mother tongue) and the implications for English only speakers born in the USA with parents who are first- and second-generation English language learners. Drawing from critical race theory (CRT), first language loss is examined in the perceptions of Americanism, nationalism, citizenship, otherness, and discrimination. In addition, the chapter examines the dynamics of Latinx parents' decision to encourage their children to speak English only and as a result erode their ability to speak their first language (L1) or mother tongue and cultural identity. The author makes the case for language maintenance and assurance of all children learning English, without losing their mother tongue.
Project EXCEL
Authors: Miles Annette Deborah , Shockley Ebony Terrell
Published: January 2022

This chapter outlines the initial findings of Project EXCEL, a collaborative partnership that explores how institutions of higher education (IHEs) can better serve surrounding communities and schools seeking to enhance and diversify the teacher education population. The possibilities for teachers, teacher candidates, and partnerships in the District of Columbia, Maryland, and the surrounding metropolitan areas show the next steps for Project EXCEL. The findings serve as an opportunity for other IHEs to consider for partnerships and recruitment.
I Can't Breathe
Authors: Williams Richard D. , Lisbon April J.
Published: January 2022

This chapter is a critical analysis using African American Male Theory (AAMT) to examine and critique the status of the African American male with an emotional disturbance in the American education complex. This chapter expands upon AAMT by applying a critical lens to various AAMT tenants. A vignette of Ahmad, a young African American male, shows the injustice endured by many African American male students. A review of literature on the mental health of African American students and equity in education provides for a rich discourse. This chapter also provides implications for further discussion and recommendations for practitioners.
Students of Color and Anecdotal Pedagogy
Authors: Mootoo Alexis Nicole
Published: January 2022

Research demonstrates that students of color have greater access to the academy than ever before. Measuring the academic success of these students has become a national priority since social justice and equality scholars have brought attention to disparities experienced by students of color in the academy. Depending on the institution, success is measured by student retention and graduation rates along with climate surveys. Findings clearly illuminate the reality that students of color are not retained and do not graduate at the same rates as white students. Climate surveys highlight how students of color consistently experience various forms of discrimination from administrative staff and faculty alike. Yet, the perception persists that students of color are successfully navigating institutions of higher education at the same levels as their white counterparts. The question begs to be asked: How are students of color successful in the realm of higher education in the twenty first century?
Navigating Academia Away From Home
Authors: Duru Adaobi Vivian , Akinro Ngozi
Published: January 2022

This study examined different adjustment challenges experienced by African-born faculty members in higher education in the United States. Using the critical race theory as a framework and in-depth interviews of a purposive sample of nine African-born academics selected from across the U.S., the authors explored the factors that militate against the smooth transition of these diaspora faculties in higher education in the country and offer insights into a better understanding of their needs and experiences. The findings show that African-born academics in U.S. higher education face challenges in communication, differences in academic systems, and culture, especially in the power distance between students and instructors. The authors offer recommendations for aspiring diaspora and African-born faculties and the policymakers in U.S. universities and colleges that hire these professionals.
Analyzing University Exploitation of Diversity to Legitimize Hiring Discrimination
Authors: Hargrave Constance P.
Published: January 2022

This critical race counter-story chronicles a Black woman professor's candidacy for an associate dean position at a predominantly White institution. It is uncommon to hear the voices of those who have been marginalized and disenfranchised in the hiring process at a university. This counter-narrative disrupts the silencing of voices at the margin and challenges the master narrative of the university hiring process by giving voice to a Black woman professor's experience. Using covert racism, the researcher deconstructs the university's actions to operationalize a deficit narrative of her associate dean candidacy, while simultaneously espousing a commitment to diversity by increasing funding to an outreach program for students of color. The chapter concludes with a discussion of self-care. Black feminist thought provides the framework to understand how acts of self-care influenced the self-definition of the Black woman professor.
The Research Process and Indigenous Epistemologies
Authors: Moahi Kgomotso H.
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses the research process and indigenous epistemologies, specifically, what is involved in conducting research using indigenous epistemology. The dictionary definition of epistemology is that it is a philosophical theory of knowledge that studies the nature and what constitutes knowledge. In this chapter, indigenous epistemology is contrasted with other epistemologies, as an epistemology that seeks to advance the voices of “indigenous” people, or the marginalized. The contention is that dominant epistemologies have downplayed the role and importance of indigenous knowledge in research. Such epistemologies have not given voice to the researched communities yet purport to have an understanding of their social worlds. This chapter therefore places indigenous epistemology at the fore for carrying out research with rather than on communities and using indigenous knowledge to theorize research and inform the theories and constructs used in the conduct of research.
The Horizon of Curiosity
Authors: Mazumdar Ayush , Ansary Mazhar Shamsi , Behera Santosh Kumar
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to familiarize the readers with the vectored thought process that evolved during the pandemic and the relevant output that can be obtained from this precise timeframe-oriented intellectual process that tried to address the relevant issues both in the short-term as well as in the long-term framework. The pandemic provided a huge multi-disciplinary and multi-stakeholder-relevant scope for research and analysis ranging from the social sciences to the natural sciences, and often the continuum is varied and colourful. The methodology adopted for this study is mainly based on qualitative analysis of various secondary sources available for public or academic speculation as well as research-relevant analysis. This is an evolving topic that is dynamic by its very nature, requiring a constant update.
Health and Human Hazards of COVID-19 Among Poor People in Bangladesh
Authors: Hamiduzzaman Mohammad , Islam M. Rezaul
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 seems to have two-dimensional consequences in Bangladesh: it has a direct negative influence on health system, and healthcare access becomes very expensive; and the poor people are facing critical situation due to lockdown and joblessness, resulting in more health and human hazards. This chapter documents the pandemic-related major health and human hazards in Bangladesh by content analysis, using a socioecological lens, of available literature. The overall results showed a significant health burden and a large-scale economic conditional change among the Bangladeshi poor households. A low level of health access and health inequality intensified this health hazard to the poor people. Human hazards are mainly relating to poor economic conditions including loss of jobs, lack of access to income/savings, food insecurity, and lack of welfare support. This observation may benefit the policymakers, development partners, human rights workers, and non-government organizations of the country to make a collaborative effort for the people during and after the pandemic.
Australia's Bilateral and Multilateral Health Sector Partnership With South Asian Nations
Authors: Medhekar Anita
Published: January 2022

Pandemic-related public health crises are important challenges of the 21st century. The COVID-19 pandemic healthcare crisis has resulted in international border closures; healthcare supply value-chain disruptions; increased infections, deaths, and coronavirus vaccine production and rollout issues; vaccine inequity and gaps between supply and demand for healthcare goods and services. This chapter aims to focus on the opportunities and challenges for bilateral and multilateral partnerships between Australia and the eight South Asian nations post pandemic to establish mutually beneficial bilateral and multilateral collaboration and partnerships for production of vaccine, research, and education into the healthcare sector. Australia can share its health expertise related to digital health, medicare, medical technologies, production of life-saving vaccines, and access to affordable and accredited quality of healthcare for combined 2 billion people living in South Asia and Australia, which is the key to meeting UNSDGs of good health, well-being for all, economic progress, and prosperity of South Asian nations.
Development of a Receptor Cell Model for Artificial Life
Authors: Morishita Katsuyuki , Kato Shinya , Takei Yuki , Saito Ken
Published: January 2022

This chapter presents a receptor cell model that mimics the receptor cell function of living organisms. The receptor cell model converts the signal input of the sensor into an oscillating pulse waveform. Moreover, the oscillation frequency of the receptor cell model varies according to the sensory input intensity. First, the authors constructed a receptor cell model by discrete circuit. In addition, they measured the frequency characteristics using pressure and optical sensors. The results showed that the frequency of the receptor cell model changes according to the intensity of the sensory input. Then, they proposed a receptor cell model based on an integrated circuit. The simulation results showed that the proposed model had the same characteristics as the discrete circuit model. Thus, the proposed receptor cell model is expected to output a vibration pulse waveform that depends on the input intensity of the sensor.
Digital Charge Estimation for Piezoelectric Actuators
Authors: Mohammadzaheri Morteza , Ziaiefar Hamidreza , Ghodsi Mojtaba
Published: January 2022

For many piezoelectric actuators and their areas of operating, charge is proportional to the position of the actuator. Thus, for such actuators, estimation of charge is largely considered as an equivalent to position estimation. That is, a charge estimator may replace a position sensor. Nevertheless, a significant portion of the excitation voltage is wasted for charge estimation. This voltage, not used to deform the actuator, is called voltage drop. A class of charge estimators of piezoelectric actuators have a resistor in series with the actuator and can only work together with a digital processor. These are called digital charge estimators and have been shown to witness the smallest voltage drop compared to other charge estimators. This chapter first proposes a design guide for digital charge estimators of piezoelectric actuators to maximise the accuracy with the smallest possible voltage drop. The chapter then details the use of five different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to tackle this design problem and assesses their effectiveness through even-handed comparison.
Improve Imbalanced Multiclass Classification Based on Modified SMOTE and Feature Selection for Student Grade Prediction
Authors: Dianah Siti , Selamat Ali , Krejcar Ondrej
Published: January 2022

In higher education institutions (HEI), the ability to predict student grades as an early warning system is one of the important areas that gained attention to improve educational outcomes. Over the years, machine learning techniques have facilitated and successfully addressed student grade prediction for identifying the potentially weak students in a particular course. However, dealing with an imbalanced multiclass classification dataset is challenging due to biased results towards predicting the minority class. Therefore, this chapter proposes a method that can increase the classification performance by using a modified synthetic minority oversampling technique and feature selection (MSMOTE-FS). The experiments tested the proposed method's effectiveness by utilizing four oversampling techniques and six standard classification algorithms. This finding indicated that the proposed method gives promising results to improve the accuracy in multiclass classification of student grade prediction.
Determinants of Compliance With Information Systems Security Controls
Authors: Ndlovu Ntokozo Siphesihle , Ndayizigamiye Patrick , Kante Macire
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that critically contribute to employees of an organization complying with the information security controls that have been set in place. Whether it is an attitude or an intention that leads to complying, this chapter looks at the theory of planned behavior (TPB). A company was chosen, and a questionnaire was handed out to the employees. The questionnaire distributed focuses only on the elements that are within the theory of planned behavior model. The questionnaire is anonymous, and because of this, the confidence and confidentiality are given. As a result of these two factors, it was seen that the elements of the chosen model are not 100% the contributing factor as to why employees comply with information security controls within Company X. It is therefore implied that more research has to be done to figure out what exactly makes the employees comply.
Anatomical Variability and Biomedical Imaging for Spinal Anesthesia Individualization
Authors: Puigdellívol-Sánchez Anna , Sala-Blanch Xavier , Reina Miguel A. , Prats-Galino Alberto
Published: January 2022

Spinal anesthesia can be affected by gaps in the ligamentum flavum that may confuse epidural needle placement; cause Quincke needle deformation if the vertebral bone is hit, expanding the dural sac hole and leading to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and post-dural puncture headache; and variability in CSF volume, altering intrathecal drug dilution and anesthetic efficacy. Paramedian approaches with previously calculated optimal angles can be adopted, and CSF volumes may be estimated using threshold selection within the grayscale range following anatomical criteria. Angles can be determined by previously quantifying the skin-dural sac distance using ultrasound. Here, the relevant anatomical structures are illustrated (ligaments, the ligamentum flavum gap, vertebrae, meninges, cauda equina roots) using a freely available 3D PDF tool (http://hdl.handle.net/2445/55225), the additional inconvenience of variability in vertebra rotation is quantified, a free guide for optimizing spinal puncture is presented (http://hdl.handle.net/2445/179594), and the possibility of individualizing intrathecal drug dosages is discussed.
Technological Environments of Anatomical-Radiological Vision in 3D for the Study of Pelvic Structures
Authors: Asensio-Romero Lourdes , Asensio-Gómez Manuel , Prats-Galino Alberto
Published: January 2022

Computer applications have been incorporated as valuable elements in teaching, thanks to the innovation of new technologies in recent decades. The implementation of these computer developments in the field of medical education has been a true revolution. The authors present a computer development designed for PC environments that allows visualizing and interacting in a virtual environment with the main anatomical structures (bone, muscle, vascular, and visceral) of the female pelvis in three dimensions (3D) integrated with cadaveric sections and serial sections of magnetic resonance imaging. The consequence of the application of 3D environments for training and the integration of all these technological innovations in clinical medicine, together with the rapid evolution of information and communication technologies, is the emergence of a new teaching methodology with new opportunities for the development of the teaching-learning process.
The Role of Data in Health Sciences Ecosystems
Authors: Marcos-Pablos Samuel , Juanes-Méndez Juan Antonio , García-Peñalvo Francisco José
Published: January 2022

This chapter aims to provide an overview of the importance of data governance in digital ecosystems in the province of healthcare and to place special emphasis on the significance of taking business processes into account from the early stages of development of this type of solution. It should be borne in mind that business processes are not only those that produce economic benefits, but also those that provide added value for the entire ecosystem and make it sustainable over time. The chapter ends by exemplifying the above discussed approach in a specific use case of a platform initially conceived for the psychoeducation of formal and informal caregivers. Said platform has been conceived using a business process modelling approach focused on data exploitation from the early stages of development, which has allowed services, stakeholders, and potential users of the ecosystem to be extended far beyond the initial ecosystem goal.
Artificial Intelligence in the Era of Clinical Imaging
Authors: Kolostoumpis Georgios , Vasila-Vakhnina Olga , Vasilas Nikolaos
Published: January 2022

Artificial intelligence technology is a marked change in the imaging field. Clinical imaging and operations applications are metamorphosed as new methods and tools, and algorithms are being brought into radiology's daily practice. Looking forward, further attempts could prove quite beneficial to the literature. Modern technologies like AI technology, particularly deep learning, clearly show evidence of development. AI technology can be exceptionally good at identifying. The authors outline how to interact with and methods to effectively, safely, and efficiency use these tools and technologies.
Libraries in a World of Data
Authors: Lund Brady D.
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses five major types of data that libraries may be responsible for the collection, storing, or analyzing of and the threats to privacy faced when dealing with each: web data collection and usage, patron records, learning analytics, research data, and data sharing. It highlights how a lack of clear and consistent policy, improper handling and storage of the data, misuse of the data, and lack of proper informed consent procedures can all compromise patrons' privacy and present threats to patrons' trust in the library. To ensure that data is handled with care, this chapter further introduces four frameworks for ethical data practices, which have recently been proposed in the scholarly literature, and discusses how each may apply to library data issues. By following an ethical framework and developing solid procedures, librarians can ensure private, equitable, and mutually-beneficial data relationships with their patrons, regardless of what new types of data technologies emerge in coming years.
The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Related Factors among COVID-19 Patients in Kurdistan Province, Iran (2020)
Authors: Servatyari Karo , Mohammadzadeh Soleiman , Rahmani Khaled , Yazdanpanah Hero , Abdi Mohammad , Yousefi Fayegh
Published: January 2022

The emergence of mental health problems during a pandemic is a major concern of healthcare systems. This cross-sectional, analytical study was performed on 1072 patients with COVID-19 disease without pre-existing mental disorders in Kurdistan Province in 2020 to obtain the frequency of depression, anxiety, and stress using a valid, standard electronic depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 questionnaire. Data analyses were conducted in SPSS Version 23 using logistic regression modeling. The mean age of the participants was 31.91 ± 10.28 years and 543 subjects (50.7%) were female. The prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression was 51.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 48.7–54.7), 64.3% (95% CI: 61.3–67.1), 61.4% (95% CI: 58.4–64.2), respectively. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was higher in the employees and retirees compared to the unemployed and homemakers (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the frequency of stress (odds ratio [OR]: 1.36, P = 0.01) and depression (OR: 1.3, P = 0.04) in patients who undertook severe protection measures was significantly higher than those who used lower. The patients with COVID-19 experienced high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Therefore, it is essential to provide psychological and psychiatric services to these patients electronically or face to face at health centers.
Long-term Exposure to PM10 Increases Lung Cancer Risks: A Cohort Analysis
Authors: Lee Hyun Woo , Kang Sung-Chan , Kim Sun-Young , Cho Young-Jae , Hwang Seungsik
Published: January 2022

PurposeAlthough lung cancer incidences in female never-smokers have increased, few studies focus on explicit investigation. We aimed to investigate the relationship between long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter sized 10 μm or less in diameter (PM10) and the incidence of lung cancer within different genders and smoking status populations.Materials and MethodsWe included Seoul metropolitan residents, aged between 20 and 65 years, who underwent a national health screening examination from 2005-2007 and were followed up until 2015. Individual-level long-term exposure to PM10 was assessed based on subject home addresses. To assess the relationship between PM10 and lung cancer, we estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for increased lung cancer incidence from a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM10.ResultsAmong 5,831,039 individuals, 36,225 (0.6%) developed lung cancer within the 7 years observed. In females, the majority (94.4%) of lung cancer development was found in never-smokers. In adjusted analyses, a significant relationship between lung cancer development and PM10 was observed in males, regardless of smoking status (never-smoker: HR, 1.14 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13 to 1.15]; ex-smoker: HR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.14 to 1.17]; current smoker: HR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.17 to 1.19]). We also found significant associations in female never- or ex-smokers with smaller HRs (never-smoker: HR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.05 to 1.07]; ex-smoker: HR, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.23]; current smoker: HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.99 to 1.10]).ConclusionOur findings suggest that long-term exposure to PM10 is associated with lung cancer development. A novel approach to lung cancer screening needs to be considered depending on the exposed PM10 level.
POLITENESS STRATEGIES ANALYSIS REFLECTED IN LITTLE WOMEN MOVIE BY GRETA GERWIG
Authors: Fridolini Fridolini , Arisena Dwi Asih , Idawati Kurnia
Published: January 2022

This research mostly discusses the politeness strategies that is shown in Little Women movie. Politeness is a social behaviour to a speaker towards deferent wishes of the addressee in different concerns. The purpose of this study is to find the politeness strategies and the most-frequent strategy that is used in Little Women movie. Based on Brown and Levinson (1978), there are four types of politeness strategies. Those are bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record. Descriptive qualitative method was selected to analysed the data. The theory that are applied in this study are Brown and Levinson’s theory (1978), which concerns about the politeness strategies. The result of this term paper was shown that all of the characters use all the politeness strategies from Brown and Levinson and the most frequent strategy that is used by the characters is positive politeness.  The researchers hope that this research will help the readers to get a better understanding about politeness strategies based on Brown and Levinson.
EXPLORING TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH AT SMAIT NURUL FIKRI
Authors: Syukur Rina Syafitri , Rahmiaty  , Setiyana Rusma
Published: January 2022

Nowadays, the total number of parents who send their children to the school of Islam Terpadu (IT) increased significantly especially in Aceh. The design of mixed curriculum between general education and religious education became a trigger for parents. The aim of this study is to explore teaching and learning English at one of senior high schools of Islam Terpadu (IT) in Banda Aceh in terms of teaching strategies, media and assessment. This study used qualitative method in nature. Two English teachers who taught at the tenth grade were participated in this study. Observations and interview were conduct to collect the data. The data were analysed and interpreted through qualitative procedures. The findings indicated that teachers used various strategies, media and different assessment in teaching English to motivate the students to learn English. In other hand, talent program stimulated the students to improve their English abilities which are related to religious education. However, the teachers expect to set out the English contents more specifically toward religious education (Qur’an and Hadits).
PENERAPAN MEDIA GAMBAR MATERI TEKS OBSERVASI PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA SISWA KELAS III MIN 11 BANDA ACEH
Authors: Khadijah Khadijah
Published: January 2022

Writing ability in the process often did not get attention. Because in the lifetime of many students were able to read the text but were difficulty writing the text. The students find difficulty to begin and develop the idea or idea into a script. Beside that, the students difficulty writing text in the learning of writing especially write the report text result of teacher observation often limited to one english text book and less gives a reference or example of an observation based resport text from another source.  The purpose of the study to find out how the application of media pictures observation of language Indonesia lesson for class III MIN 11 Banda Aceh. This study used a research approach qualitative. The research indicates that used media picture successfully improves students ability in learning writing ability in observation the text. That increase in the from of a students individually is 100 % over 70.

Abstrak

Kemampuan menulis dalam pelaksanaannya sering tidak mendapat perhatian. Hal itu dikarenakan dalam kesehariannya banyak siswa mampu dalam membaca teks tetapi mengalami kesulitan dalam menulis teks. Siswa kesulitan memulai dan mengembangkan ide atau gagasannya tersebut ke dalam sebuah tulisan. Di samping siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam menulis, dalam pembelajaran menulis terutama menulis teks laporan hasil observasi guru sering kali hanya bersumber dari satu buku teks Bahasa Indonesia, dan kurang memberikan referensi atau contoh tentang teks laporan hasil observasi dari sumber lain. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui  bagaimana penerapan media gambar materi teks observasi pelajaran Bahasa Indonsesia siswa kelas III Min 11 Banda Aceh.  Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan  penerapan media gambar   berhasil meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam pembelajaran menulis teks observasi . Peningkatan itu dalam bentuk siswa secara individual 100% mencapai nilai  di atas 70.

Kata kunci: Penerapan,  Media Gambar, Teks Observasi
PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS NASKAH DRAMA DENGAN MEDIA GAMBAR PADA SISWA SMA NU-1 MODEL SUNGELEBAK KARANGGENENG LAMONGAN
Authors: Mustofa Mustofa , Ihsan Bisarul
Published: January 2022

This scientific writing aims to examine learning the ability to write drama scripts using image media. Based on the explanations above, it can be stated that the research objectives are to determine student activity, teacher activity, student responses, and student learning completeness in writing drama scripts using picture media. This research was conducted in Class XI SMA NU-1 MODEL Sungelebak Karanggeneng, Lamongan Regency, amounting to 41 students who have different characteristics. This research was conducted collaboratively which was carried out based on teacher activities, student activities, and students' abilities in writing drama scripts using picture media. Data collection techniques used observation and tests. Based on the research results, it is known that learning with picture media is very effective to be applied to the material of writing drama scripts in terms of: (1) student activity is at an effective level with a positive activity percentage of 93.745%. (2) teacher activity is at a very effective level with an average active teacher activity of 90.93 which is in the good category. (3) student responses are at the effective level with a positive response percentage of 86.178%. (4) student learning completeness is at an effective level with classical learning completeness of 90.243%, so that it meets classical completeness ≥70. With the research results, it can be taken into consideration by all educators to apply learning to write drama scripts using image media in learning activities.

Abstrak

Karya tulis ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pembelajaran kemampuan menulis naskah drama dengan media gambar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Kelas XI SMA NU-1 MODEL Sungelebak Karanggeneng Kabupaten Lamongan yang berjumlah 41 siswa dengan karakteristik berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kolaboratif yang dilaksanakan berdasarkan aktivitas guru, aktivitas siswa, dan kemampuan sisiwa dalam menulis naskah drama dengan menggunakan media gambar. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan observasi dan tes. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pembelajaran dengan media gambar sangat efektif untuk diterapkan pada materi menulis naskah drama ditinjau dari: (1) aktivitas siswa berada pada tingkat efektif dengan presentase aktivitas positifnya sebesar 93,745%. (2) aktivitas guru berada pada tingkat sangat efektif dengan rata-rata aktivitas guru aktif sebesar 90,93 yang termasuk dalam kategori baik. (3) respon siswa berada pada tingkat efektif dengan presentase respon positifnya sebesar 86,178%. (4) ketuntasan belajar siswa berada pada tingkat efektif dengan ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 90,243%, sehingga memenuhi ketuntasan klasikal ≥70. Dengan adanya hasil penelitian, maka bisa dijadikan pertimbangan oleh semua pendidik untuk menerapkan pembelajaran menulis naskah drama dengan menggunakan media gambar dalam kegiatan pembelajaran.

Kata Kunci:  Menulis, Naskah Drama, Media Gambar
Escolte, fils, les comandemens. La première traduction française de la Règle de saint Benoît
Authors: Schauwecker Yela
Published: January 2022

Le présent volume rend accessible, pour la première fois, la traduction de la Règle bénédictine en ancien français dite de ''Martin'' sur la base de tous les manuscrits conservés. L'edition du texte est pourvue de trois niveaux d'apparat. Le premier niveau donne les variantes des sept manuscrits conservés. Le deuxième niveau donne à voir certains passages du texte latin original, autant que ceux-ci permettent de comprendre la manière de travailler du traducteur ou se prêtent à l'analyse historique du texte. Le troisième niveau comprend des remarques sur le lexique, explique certains choix éditoriaux et ajoute toutes sortes de commentaires sur le texte. L'introduction analyse la manière de travailler du traducteur et établit en même temps, à l'aide des variantes, lequel des quelque 300 manuscrits dans la tradition de la Règle latine antérieurs au douxième siècle est le plus proche du modèle présumé du traducteur. Ensuite, l'analyse historique fait le lien entre les observations faites sur le texte même et resitue la traduction dans le contexte de l'histoire des ordres bénedictin et cistercien. Les résultats des analyses historiques et textuelles suggèrent que le texte original de cette traduction a été rédigé assez tôt, vraisemblablement à veille du Concile de Troyes (i.e. en 1129 de notre actuel calendrier), et possiblement à l'instigation de Bernard de Clairvaux. En annexe se trouve l'inventaire exhaustif des versions et de tous les manuscrits connus jusqu'à présent de la Règle bénédictine traduite en ancien français.
Propiedades fisicoquímicas y sensoriales del vino del pseudofruto de marañón (anacardium occidentale)
Authors: Cevallos-Mendoza María José , Chompoy-Salazar Sandy Mabelyn , Barre-Zambrano Roy
Published: January 2022

En el presente trabajo se ha considerado al marañón como una materia prima opcional para la elaboración de vino por sus cualidades naturales, para ello, se evaluaron las propiedades fisicoquímicas y sensoriales del vino del pseudofruto de marañón, utilizando métodos de análisis para identificar los porcentajes de alcohol, grados brix, contenido de polifenoles y la capacidad de antioxidantes presente en el extracto del furto y además se identificaron los niveles de pH, acidez fija, total y volátil mediante el estudio de seis tratamientos por triplicado que consistían en la combinación en proporciones de porcentajes del 100%, 25/75 y 33/67 de agua/fruta y niveles de 21 y 8 grados brix, este último propio de la fruta. El tratamiento con mayor aceptabilidad fue T1 (100% fruta + 21 °brix), el cual presentó las mejores características organolépticas ante los catadores y en cuanto a las mejores propiedades fisicoquímicas, los tratamientos T1, T2 y T6 obtuvieron los resultados esperados, por lo que se concluye que el vino del pseudofruto de marañón posee características organolépticas aceptables y presenta propiedades fisicoquímicas entre los rangos establecidos por las normativas de calidad alimentaria.

Palabras clave: marañón, vino, propiedades fisicoquímicas y sensoriales.
Application Education as a Place to Increase Community Income During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Parungponteng
Authors: Saputra Renda Sandi
Published: January 2022

Blood clams (Anadara granosa) are endemic clams found in Southeast Asia and East Asia. Blood clams are widely consumed by the public as seafood dishes in coastal food stalls. The great potential of blood clams will increase the waste of clam shells produced. The accumulation of shellfish waste will cause pollution and reduce environmental aesthetics. The chitin content in blood clam shells can be used as chitosan. Chitosan is a polymer of -(1-4) glucosamine which is formed when the acetyl group in chitin is substituted by hydrogen to become an amine group. Chitosan has antibacterial and antifungal properties. Isolation of chitosan was carried out through the stages of demineralization, deproteination, and deacetylation. The limited use of laboratories during the pandemic is a major obstacle in the isolation process of chitosan. This study aims to process blood clam shell waste into chitosan in a simple way on a home scale. Processing includes deproteination, demineralization, and deacetylation were done using tools and materials available at home. Laboratory equipment such as beakers could be replaced with pots, the reflux process was replaced by using a cloth to filter, and measuring cups were replaced with glasses. The research used 1500 grams of blood clam shell powder and produced 1050 grams of white chitosan with a slightly hard texture.
Increasing Knowledge About the Impact of Online Games on Health in Sukasenang Village, Tanjungjaya District, Tasikmaya Regency
Authors: Fauzi Hery , Sidiq Fahmi
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the factors causing playing online games and their negative impact on students in Sukasenang Village, Tanjungjaya District, Tasikmaya Regency. The subject of this research is that it consists of students playing online games, SDN 1 Cigowak village Sukasenang. Data collection techniques in this study using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the factors that cause playing online games and their negative impact on students at the internet cafe at SDN 1 Cigowak village Sukasenang are visible and real. This is proven by the factors that cause children to play online games, namely (a) less than optimal communication between children and family members, especially parents; (b) Lack of parental supervision of children; (c) Errors in parenting patterns from parents to children; (d) The boredom or boredom of a child will be a monotonous routine. Online games have negative impacts including social impacts, psychological impacts, and physical impacts.
Un enfoque de Machine Learning y razonamiento probabi-lístico en el pronóstico de factores de riesgo de la diabetes
Authors: Cárdenas-Ruperti Jonathan P. , Durán-Pérez Francisco S. , Padilla-Álvarez Luis A.
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo investigativo propone el diseño de un modelo computacional de clasificación a través del uso de técnicas de Machine Learning, hemos optado por trabajar con el aprendizaje automático apoyado en un modelo probabilístico que permi-ta evaluar los factores de riesgo de la enfermedad de la diabetes tipo 2. Este modelo está basado en el método de regresión logística, que según a los factores de riesgo de la enfermedad, mostrará como resultado el porcentaje que tiene el paciente de contraer la misma. Se aplicó la metodología de investigación bibliográfica que aporte con el conocimiento necesario para la realización de este proyecto en el cual se realizaron pruebas para verificar el comportamiento de cada una de las variables utilizadas en el modelo probabilístico, el cual brindará resultados eficientes y en un corto periodo de tiempo siendo así una herramienta de apoyo en la toma de decisiones a los expertos y aportando con el diagnóstico oportuno para prevenir la enfermedad.