bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Assessment of Storage Elements in Hybrid Energy Systems to Optimize Energy Reserves
Authors: Raza Muhammad Sarmad , Abid Muhammad Irfan , Akmal Muhammad , Munir Hafiz Mudassir , Haider Zunaib Maqsood , Khan Muhammad Omer , Alamri Basem , Alqarni Mohammed
Published: October 2024

As the world’s demand for sustainable and reliable energy source intensifies, the need for efficient energy storage systems has become increasingly critical to ensuring a reliable energy supply, especially given the intermittent nature of renewable sources. There exist several energy storage methods, and this paper reviews and addresses their growing requirements. In this paper, the energy storage options are subdivided according to their primary discipline, including electrical, mechanical, thermal, and chemical. Different possible options for energy storage under each discipline have been assessed and analyzed, and based on these options, a handsome discussion has been made analyzing these technologies in the hybrid mode for efficient and reliable operation, their advantages, and their limitations. Moreover, combinations of each storage element, hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs), are systems that combine the characteristics of different storage elements for fulfilling the gap between energy supply and demand. HESSs for different storage systems such as pumped hydro storage (PHS), battery bank (BB), compressed air energy storage (CAES), flywheel energy storage system (FESS), supercapacitor, superconducting magnetic coil, and hydrogen storage are reviewed to view the possibilities for hybrid storage that may help to make more stable energy systems in the future. This review of combinations of different storage elements is made based on the previous literature. Moreover, it is assessed that sodium-sulfur batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and advanced batteries are the most helpful element in HESSs, as they can be hybridized with different storage elements to fulfill electricity needs. The results also show that HESSs outperformed other storage systems and, hence, hybridizing the characteristics of different storage elements can be employed for optimizing the performance of energy storage systems.
Balancing Environmental Impact and Practicality: A Case Study on the Cement-Stabilized Rammed Earth Construction in Southeast Rural China
Authors: Dai Shan , Bai Wenfeng , Xiao Jing
Published: October 2024

Construction using earth materials demonstrates ecological sustainability using locally sourced natural materials and environmentally friendly demolition methods. In this study, the environmental impact of adding cement to soil materials for rammed earth farmhouse construction in rural China was investigated and comparatively simulated using the One Click LCA database, focusing on the conflict between sustainability objectives and the practical aspects of cement addition. By analyzing how the addition of cement aligns with local construction practices and addressing the debate surrounding the inclusion of cement in rammed-earth construction, our objective is to provide insights into achieving a balance between the environmental impact and the pragmatic considerations of using cement in earthen building practices. Three local structure scenarios are evaluated via simulations: cement-stabilized rammed earth wall, fired brick wall, and a localized reinforced concrete frame structure. The quantitative environmental impacts are assessed, and the qualitative differences in adaptation, economic sustainability, and other factors are examined in the context of present-day development in rural China. The results show that the use of cement-stabilized rammed earth wall-supported structures is associated with higher embodied carbon emissions compared to structures supported by reinforced concrete frames and enclosed by brick walls; however, these emissions are lower than those for brick wall-supported structures while effectively meeting the structural requirements. In addition, the use of cement-stabilized earth for perimeter walls simplifies material management and disposal throughout the building’s life cycle, and the cost-effectiveness of cement has been found to be substantially greater than that of reinforced concrete frames and brick structures, improving economic viability and social acceptability, especially among low-income communities in rural areas
The Isotopic Characteristics, Sources, and Formation Pathways of Atmospheric Sulfate and Nitrate in the South China Sea
Authors: Zhang Yongyun , Gao Min , Sun Xi , Liang Baoling , Sun Cuizhi , Sun Qibin , Ni Xue , Ou Hengjia , Mai Shixin , Zhou Shengzhen , Zhao Jun
Published: October 2024

The South China Sea (SCS) is a crucial region for studying atmospheric aerosols, given its unique geographical location and the interaction of various natural and anthropogenic sources. In this study, we measured the isotopic characteristics of sulfate and nitrate in PM2.5 and utilized a Bayesian isotope mixing model (SIAR) to analyze their sources and formation pathways. Sulfur isotopic values in sulfate (δ34S-SO42−) were 8.7 ± 1.8‰, while nitrogen and oxygen isotopic values in nitrate (δ15N-NO3− and δ18O-NO3−) were −0.9 ± 2.4‰ and 52.3 ± 7.3‰, respectively. The results revealed that sulfate was primarily influenced by marine biogenic sulfur emissions (mostly dimethyl sulfide, DMS), fossil fuel combustion, and biomass burning. Nitrate formation was dominated by the NO2 + •OH pathway (accounting for 69.8–85.7%), with significant contributions from vehicle emissions, biomass burning, and lightning. These findings offer key insights into the complex interactions between natural and anthropogenic aerosol sources in the SCS, contributing to a broader understanding of marine aerosol chemistry.
A Comprehensive Review of PM-Related Studies in Industrial Proximity: Insights from the East Mediterranean Middle East Region
Authors: Fadel Marc , Farah Eliane , Fakhri Nansi , Ledoux Frédéric , Courcot Dominique , Afif Charbel
Published: October 2024

This comprehensive review synthesizes the current knowledge regarding the characteristics of particulate matter (PM) at locations directly impacted by industrial emissions. A particular emphasis was given to the morphology and size of these particles and their chemical characteristics per type of industrial activity. The relationship between the exposure to PM from industrial activities and health issues such as cancer, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases was also discussed, highlighting significant epidemiological findings. Furthermore, this work highlights the source apportionment of PM in these areas as well as available databases for source profiles. The majority of the studies accentuate the ambiguity found in the identification of industrial sources mainly due to the lack of specific tracers and the overlapping between these sources and other natural and anthropogenic ones. The contribution of industrial sources to PM concentrations is generally less than 10%. Moreover, this review gathers studies conducted in the 18 countries of the East Mediterranean-Middle East (EMME) region, focusing on sites under industrial influence. In these studies, PM10 concentrations range from 22 to 423 μg/m3 while PM2.5 levels vary between 12 and 250 μg/m3. While extensive studies have been conducted in Egypt, Iran, and Lebanon, a lack of research in the UAE, Bahrain, Greece, Israel, Palestine, and Yemen highlights regional disparities in environmental health research. The major industrial sources found in the region were oil and gas industries, metallurgical industries, cement plants, petrochemical complexes, and power plants running on gas or heavy fuel oil. Future research in the region should focus on longitudinal studies and a more detailed chemical analysis of PM in the vicinity of industrial areas to enhance the accuracy of current findings and support effective policy making for air pollution control.
Challenges and Solutions in Working with Green Suppliers: Perspective from a Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Runtuk Johan Krisnanto , Ng Poh Kiat , Ooi Shih Yin
Published: October 2024

This study explores the challenges and solutions faced by manufacturing companies in one industry when integrating green suppliers into their supply chains. The FGD transcripts were analyzed using NVivo 12 Pro for coding and thematic analysis, which helped identify key challenges and solutions. The key challenges identified included higher procurement costs, limited availability of green materials, quality assurance issues, and difficulties in verifying green practices. Strategic solutions involve establishing partnership strategies, conducting supply chain audits, and developing clear evaluation criteria. The content analysis shows that higher procurement costs can be mitigated through strategic partnerships offering better terms and pricing stability. Diversifying the supplier base and investing in supplier development programs address the limited availability of green materials. Quality assurance is maintained through stringent controls and regular audits, while verification challenges are managed with third-party certifications and robust audits to prevent greenwashing. The SWOT analysis highlights strengths such as strategic partnerships and regular audits, opportunities like developing evaluation criteria and technological advancements, and acknowledges weaknesses and threats. This comprehensive analysis provides a nuanced understanding of the practical challenges and solutions in green supply chain management, offering a strategic framework for manufacturing companies to enhance sustainability and achieve competitive advantage.
Preparing for Connected and Automated Vehicles: Insights from North Carolina Transportation Professionals
Authors: Schado Thanh , Shay Elizabeth , Thapa Bhuwan , Combs Tabitha S.
Published: October 2024

The connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) that are expected to be increasingly common on U.S. roads in the coming decades offer potential benefits in safety, efficiency, and mobility; they also raise concerns related to equity, access, and impacts on land use and travel behavior, as well as questions about extensive data requirements for CAVs to communicate with other vehicles and the environment in order to operate safely and efficiently. We report on interviews with North Carolina transportation experts about CAVs and their implications for sustainable transportation that serves all travelers with affordable, safe, and dignified mobility that also produces fewer environment impacts (emissions to air, water, and land; resource consumption; land use changes). The data reveal great interest among transportation professionals about a CAV transition, but a lack of consensus on the state of play and necessary next steps. Concerns include impacts on planning practice; implications for land use, equity, and safety; and data security and privacy. The findings suggest that local, regional, and state agencies would benefit from clear technical guidance on how to prepare for CAVs and to engage with the public, given high interest about a coming CAV transition. Intense data requirements for CAVs and associated infrastructure, as well as the regulatory and policy tools that will be required, raise concerns about threats to data safety and security and argue for proactive action.
Savings and Sustainable Economic Growth Nexus: A South African Perspective
Authors: Wanzala Richard Wamalwa , Obokoh Lawrence Ogechukwu
Published: October 2024

The savings behavior of individuals has been a topic of both macroeconomic and policy importance throughout history. Theoretical and empirical research shows that savings result from several demographic and economic factors working together to produce long-term, sustainable economic growth. This study therefore examined the nexus between domestic savings and sustainable economic growth in a South African perspective between 1990–2023, emphasizing the critical role that savings play in fostering long-term economic stability and environmental resilience. The ARDL framework was used to analyze data from the World Bank and the South African Reserve Bank. The results of the study demonstrate that corporate savings have a major effect on sustainable economic growth, especially over the long term. When corporate savings rise by 1%, the economy expands by 3.12%, which highlights the significant multiplier effect of investment. The extent of this impact depends on factors such as the efficiency of capital allocation, technological capacity, financial market development, government policies, and macroeconomic stability. These factors collectively determine how effectively corporate savings are transformed into productive investments that drive sustainable economic growth. Conversely, savings made by the government and the public, especially in the long run, have no appreciable impact on sustainable economic growth. Given that domestic savings mobilization is the most suitable channel for financing capital accumulation to support economic growth and development, the study suggests reviewing current policies to encourage domestic savings mobilization. This paper contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable economic policies in emerging markets, offering actionable insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and stakeholders promoting a more sustainable economic future for South Africa.
Sustainable Consumption and Residents’ Happiness: An Empirical Analysis Based on the 2021 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS2021)
Authors: Guo Jinguang , Yang Chenglai
Published: October 2024

Sustainable consumption is a fundamental driver for implementing sustainable development strategies and is crucial in advancing Chinese-style modernization. Utilizing data from the Chinese General Social Survey 2021 (CGSS2021), this study examines the relationship between sustainable consumption and residents’ happiness, classifying its effects into growth and sustainability. The study results show that (1) sustainable consumption positively influences residents’ happiness. (2) Regionally, in the central and western regions, sustainable consumption significantly enhances residents’ happiness, with the sustainable effect surpassing the growth effect. In contrast, in the eastern region, sustainable consumption alone does not substantially improve residents’ happiness; instead, the growth effect predominates. (3) From an urban–rural perspective, sustainable consumption notably impacts happiness in rural areas. In contrast, urban areas primarily benefit from the growth effect of sustainable consumption, with the sustainable effect being less significant. (4) From an age-related perspective, different factors predominantly influence the happiness of various age groups. For young people, health plays a crucial role in their overall happiness. In contrast, middle-aged groups place more importance on their marital status, while older people are primarily concerned with housing conditions. (5) Income analysis shows that income increases substantially impact the happiness of high-income groups compared to low-income groups. Based on these insights, we recommend enhancing education and guidance on sustainable consumption, implementing regionally differentiated policies, increasing support for green consumption in rural areas, developing age-specific policies, and addressing income disparities. These measures can enhance the residents’ happiness more effectively and contribute to sustainable societal development.
Key Factors Influencing Consumer Choices in Wood-Based Recycled Products for Circular Construction Sector
Authors: David Geanina Maria , Lakatos Elena Simina , Bacali Laura , Lakatos Gheorghe Daniel , Danu Brianna Alexandra , Cioca Lucian-Ionel , Rada Elena Cristina
Published: October 2024

This article explores the integration of wood recycling and reuse practices within construction and reconstruction processes, as highlighted in a wood products questionnaire. The aim of this study is to understand how the Romanian consumers perceive the circular economy in order to adopt responsible consumption models. The working instrument consisted of a questionnaire. The questionnaire was applied to 60.7% urban respondents and 39.3% rural ones and consisted of 23 items. The response rate was 68.5% for certain items (257 responses). In the first part, the integration of wood recycling and reuse practices within construction and reconstruction processes is examined. Emerging recycling techniques and demolition processes, particularly incorporating reused, reconditioned, and recycled wood in the construction industry, are evaluated. The economic and environmental implications of these practices are also examined, contributing to the discussion of eco-design policies, and construction waste management and standards. In the second part, insights are provided into how Romanian consumers’ knowledge of CE principles, information about product characteristics, and attitudes influence the demand for recycled wood products. The study concludes with recommendations for better promotion strategies of wood-based recycled products, aiming to increase awareness of its long-term environmental and socio-economic benefits. Additionally, it suggests the need for providing more information on the environmental benefits of wood-based recycled products, and for a more active engagement of stakeholders in the transition to a circular economy. The results serve as a basis for a better understanding of Romanian consumers’ adoption of sustainable consumption behavior in agreement with circular economy concepts and SDGs. While the majority of respondents generally shows openness to an eco-friendly product, mere promotion of these principles may not suffice to change entrenched behaviors and purchasing habits.
Optical Dynamics of Picosecond Pulse Trains in Aluminum and Zinc Tetracarboxy-Phthalocyanines
Authors: Miao Quan , Sun Erping , Xu Yan
Published: October 2024

The nonlinear properties and photophysical dynamics of aluminum and zinc tetracarboxy-phthalocyanines (AlPc and ZnPc) were studied using pulse trains of a 532 nm wavelength, which contain 25 subpulses with a 100 ps width and 13 ns spacing. Considering its interaction with long-duration pulses, the energy structure of phthalocyanine could be substituted by a five-level pattern. The nonlinear transmissions of pulse trains in AlPc and ZnPc were simulated by means of equations about the population rate coupled with the paraxial field equation of two-dimensional space. The well-known Crank–Nicholson numerical method was applied to the theoretical simulation. The results demonstrate that both phthalocyanines are efficient as optical limiters. In its low-intensity region, AlPc shows a much better OL effect than ZnPc. But in the region with high intensity, their energy transmittances are nearly the same. The nonlinear transmission of a pulse is susceptible to the state lifetime and cross section of one-photon absorption. Tetracarboxy-phthalocyanines have advantageous photophysical properties for applications in nonlinear optical areas, such as nonlinear optical devices like optical limiters. Adding central metals such as Al and Zn to phthalocyanines could enhance their photodynamic properties, making them potential optical limiters and photosensitizers.
Attributes of Subordination of a Specific Subclass of p-Valent Meromorphic Functions Connected to a Linear Operator
Authors: El-Ashwah Rabha M. , El-Qadeem Alaa Hassan , Murugusundaramoorthy Gangadharan , Elshazly Ibrahim S. , Halouani Borhen
Published: October 2024

This work examines subordination conclusions for a specific subclass of p-valent meromorphic functions on the punctured unit disc of the complex plane where the function has a pole of order p. A new linear operator is used to define the subclass that is being studied. Furthermore, we present several corollaries with intriguing specific situations of the results.
Finite Mathematics as the Most General (Fundamental) Mathematics
Authors: Lev Felix M.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this paper is to explain at the simplest possible level why finite mathematics based on a finite ring of characteristic p is more general (fundamental) than standard mathematics. The belief of most mathematicians and physicists that standard mathematics is the most fundamental arose for historical reasons. However, simple mathematical arguments show that standard mathematics (involving the concept of infinities) is a degenerate case of finite mathematics in the formal limit p→∞; standard mathematics arises from finite mathematics in the degenerate case when operations modulo a number are discarded. Quantum theory based on a finite ring of characteristic p is more general than standard quantum theory because the latter is a degenerate case of the former in the formal limit p→∞.
Hyperchaotic Oscillator with Line and Spherical Equilibria: Stability, Entropy, and Implementation for Random Number Generation
Authors: Shukur Ali A. , Pham Viet-Thanh , Tamba Victor Kamdoum , Grassi Giuseppe
Published: October 2024

We present a hyperchaotic oscillator with two linear terms and seven nonlinear terms that displays special algebraic properties. Notably, the introduced oscillator features distinct equilibrium types: single-point, line, and spherical equilibria. The introduced oscillator exhibits attractive dynamics like hyperchaos with two wing attractors. To gain a better understanding, we provide the bifurcation and Lyapunov exponents. The Kolmogorov–Sinai entropy is applied to show the complexity of the oscillator. A microcontroller realization confirms the reliability of the oscillator. The proposed oscillator is successfully applied for RNG.
Finite Time Stability Analysis and Feedback Control for Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Time Delay Fractional-Order Systems
Authors: Gassara Hamdi , Tlija Mehdi , Mchiri Lassaad , Ben Makhlouf Abdellatif
Published: October 2024

This study treats the problem of Finite Time Stability Analysis (FTSA) and Finite Time Feedback Control (FTFC), using a Linear Matrix Inequalities Approach (LMIA). It specifically focuses on Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy Time Delay Fractional-Order Systems (TDFOS) that include nonlinear perturbations and interval Time Varying Delays (ITVDs). We consider the case of the Caputo Tempered Fractional Derivative (CTFD), which generalizes the Caputo Fractional Derivative (CFD). Two main results are presented: a two-step procedure is provided, followed by a more relaxed single-step procedure. Two examples are presented to show the reduction in conservatism achieved by the proposed methods. The first is a numerical example, while the second involves the FTFC of an inverted pendulum, which exhibits both symmetrical dynamics for small angular displacements and asymmetrical dynamics for larger deviations.
Feature Reviews for Tomography 2023
Authors: Singh Yashbir , Quaia Emilio
Published: October 2024

In an era of rapid technological progress, this Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in tomographic imaging [...]
Optimal DaTQUANT Thresholds for Diagnostic Accuracy of Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) and Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
Authors: Kuo Phillip H. , Cella Patrick , Chou Ying-Hui , Arkhipenko Alexander , Fisher Julia M.
Published: October 2024

Background: Quantitative thresholds are helpful to define an abnormal DaT SPECT in patients with suspected nigrostriatal degenerative diseases (NSDD). The optimal DaTQUANT threshold for diagnostic accuracy of DaT SPECT across combined movement and cognitive disorder populations has been previously described. Methods: We established optimal DaTQUANT thresholds that enhance the discrimination between dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and non-DLB dementia types, as well as between Parkinsonian syndromes (PS) and conditions not characterized by nigrostriatal degeneration (non-PS). Results: Data from a total of 303 patients were used in this retrospective analysis. Posterior putamen of the more affected hemisphere (MAH) was shown to be an accurate single-variable predictor for both DLB and PS and was comparable to the most accurate multi-variable models. Conclusions: Automated quantification with DaTQUANT can accurately aid in the differentiation of DLB from non-DLB dementias and PS from non-PS. Optimal thresholds for assisting a diagnosis of DLB are striatal binding ratio (SBR) ≤ 0.65, z-score ≤ −2.36, and a percent deviation ≤ −0.54 for the posterior putamen of the MAH. Optimal posterior putamen thresholds for assisting a diagnosis of PS are SBR ≤ 0.92, z-score ≤ −1.53, and a percent deviation ≤ −0.33, which are similar to our previously reported posterior putamen threshold values using a blended patient pool from multiple study populations.
Pulmonary Fissure Segmentation in CT Images Using Image Filtering and Machine Learning
Authors: Fufin Mikhail , Makarov Vladimir , Alfimov Vadim I. , Ananev Vladislav V. , Ananeva Anna
Published: October 2024

Background: Both lung lobe segmentation and lung fissure segmentation are useful in the clinical diagnosis and evaluation of lung disease. It is often of clinical interest to quantify each lobe separately because many diseases are associated with specific lobes. Fissure segmentation is important for a significant proportion of lung lobe segmentation methods, as well as for assessing fissure completeness, since there is an increasing requirement for the quantification of fissure integrity. Methods: We propose a method for the fully automatic segmentation of pulmonary fissures on lung computed tomography (CT) based on U-Net and PAN models using a Derivative of Stick (DoS) filter for data preprocessing. Model ensembling is also used to improve prediction accuracy. Results: Our method achieved an F1 score of 0.916 for right-lung fissures and 0.933 for left-lung fissures, which are significantly higher than the standalone DoS results (0.724 and 0.666, respectively). We also performed lung lobe segmentation using fissure segmentation. The lobe segmentation algorithm shows results close to those of state-of-the-art methods, with an average Dice score of 0.989. Conclusions: The proposed method segments pulmonary fissures efficiently and have low memory requirements, which makes it suitable for further research in this field involving rapid experimentation.
Strategic Management of Multiculturalism for Social Sustainability in Hospitality Services: The Case of Hotels in Athens
Authors: Skordoulis Michalis , Patsatzi Olga , Kalogiannidis Stavros , Patitsa Christina , Papagrigoriou Aristidis
Published: October 2024

This study seeks to determine how multicultural management affects the promotion of a healthy and efficient working climate in hotels in Athens. Specifically, it explores employees’ attitudes toward diversity and multiculturalism, the effects of multicultural communication on cooperation and interpersonal dynamics, as well as the overall effects on organizational outcomes. This study uses both quantitative and qualitative research methods through structured questionnaires on 242 employees from the units of the hotel. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between multicultural management practices and workplace efficiency. The findings show that positive employee experiences and attitudes toward multiculturalism improve the working environment. Multicultural communication enhances collaborative and conflict-solving skills, and efficient multicultural management enhances teamwork and organizational outcomes. Personal experiences and observations of multiculturalism also provide a lot of input to a positive work climate. Multicultural people management practices are imperative for enhancing productive organizational relations in the hospitality industry. Therefore, the issues of appreciating cultural differences, the ongoing diversity training, and helping the workers to overcome language barriers should be emphasized. Hotels should also ensure that diversity training, dialog, and polices are ongoing and clear. Further research should investigate the time-dependency of multicultural management on employee turnover and guest satisfaction, cultural differences in various regions and industries, and the impact of technology and remote work on multicultural team dynamics.
Health Implications of Widespread Micro- and Nanoplastic Exposure: Environmental Prevalence, Mechanisms, and Biological Impact on Humans
Authors: Preda Olivia-Teodora , Vlasceanu Ana-Maria , Andreescu Cristina Veronica , Tsatsakis Aristidis , Mezhuev Yaroslav , Negrei Carolina , Baconi Daniela Luiza
Published: October 2024

The increasing awareness of the potential health risks associated with microplastics’ (MPs) and nanoplastics’ (NPs) presence in the environment has led to a significant rise in research focused on these particles over the past few years. This review focuses on the research on MPs’/NPs’ presence and spread, pathways of exposure, toxicological effects on human health and legal framework related to MP/NP challenges. Several research projects have aimed to assess their potential harm to human health, focusing on different systems and organs. After exposure (independent of the pathway), these hazards reach the blood stream and concentrate in different organs. Further, they are responsible for harmful changes, having an immediate effect (pain, inflammation, or hormone imbalance) or lead to a long-term disease (e.g., infertility, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or cancer). Toxicological effects have been noticed at high concentrations of MPs, specifically polystyrene, the most widespread typical MP, but only short-term effects have been mostly studied. Significant quantities of consumed MPs have been discovered to have diverse detrimental effects, posing a threat to human welfare. The exact concentrations of microplastics that are inhaled and swallowed and then build up in the human body are still not known. Further investigation is necessary to evaluate the impact of MP/NP contamination at minimal concentrations and for prolonged durations.
Efficient Degradation of Ofloxacin by Magnetic CuFe2O4 Coupled PMS System: Optimization, Degradation Pathways and Toxicity Evaluation
Authors: Xing Chuanhong , Chen Kang , Hu Limin , Liu Lanhua
Published: October 2024

Magnetic CuFe2O4 was prepared with the modified sol–gel method and used for enhanced peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation and ofloxacin (OFL) degradation. The OFL could almost degrade within 30 min at a catalyst dosage of 0.66 g/L, PMS concentration of 0.38 mM, and initial pH of 6.53 without adjustment, using response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken design (BBD). In the CuFe2O4/PMS system, the coexisting substances, including CO32−, NO3−, SO42−, Cl− and humic acid, have little effect on the OFL degradation. The system also performs well in actual water, such as tap water and surface water (Mei Lake), indicating the excellent anti-interference ability of the system. The cyclic transformation between Cu(II)/Cu(I) and Fe(III)/Fe(II) triggers the generation of active radicals including SO4•−, •OH, •O2− and 1O2. The OFL degradation pathway, mainly involving the dehydrogenation, deamination, hydroxylation, decarboxylation and carboxylation processes, was proposed using mass spectroscopy. Moreover, the toxicity assessment indicated that the end intermediates are environmentally friendly. This study is about how the CuFe2O4/PMS system performs well in PMS activation for refractory organic matter removal in wastewater.
Effects of Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) on Amphibian Body and Liver Conditions: Is Lipid Metabolism Being Perturbed throughout Metamorphosis?
Authors: Bushong Anna , Sepúlveda Maria , Scherer Meredith , Valachovic Abigail C. , Neill C. Melman , Horn Sophia , Choi Youn , Lee Linda S. , Baloni Priyanka , Hoskins Tyler
Published: October 2024

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may interact with peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) and alter lipid homeostasis. Using Xenopus laevis, we investigated the effect of PFAS on (a) lipid homeostasis and whether this correlated to changes in body and hepatic condition; (b) the expression of hepatic genes regulated by PPAR; and (c) the hepatic lipidome. We chronically exposed tadpoles to 0.5 µg/L of either PFOS, PFHxS, PFOA, PFHxA, a binary mixture of PFOS and PFHxS (0.5 µg/L of each), or a control, from NF stage 52 through metamorphic climax. Growth, development, and survival were not affected, but we detected a sex-specific decrease in body condition at NF 66 (6.8%) and in hepatic condition (16.6%) across metamorphic climax for male tadpoles exposed to PFOS. We observed weak evidence for the transient downregulation of apolipoprotein-V (apoa5) at NF 62 in tadpoles exposed to PFHxA. Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (acox1) was downregulated only in males exposed to PFHxS (Ln(Fold Change) = −0.54). We detected PFAS-specific downregulation of structural glycerophospholipids, while semi-quantitative profiling detected the upregulation in numerous glycerophospholipids, sphingomyelins, and diglycerides. Overall, our findings indicate that PFAS can induce sex-specific effects that change across larval development and metamorphosis. We demonstrate that PFAS alter lipid metabolism at environmentally relevant concentrations through divergent mechanisms that may not be related to PPARs, with an absence of effects on body condition, demonstrating the need for more molecular studies to elucidate mechanisms of PFAS-induced lipid dysregulation in amphibians and in other taxa.
Urban–Rural Continuum in the Gonda District, India: Quantifying Rurality Using Modified Fuzzy AHP
Authors: Shukla Ashutosh , Ono Hiroko
Published: October 2024

This article is the first attempt to understand and develop an effective tool to support decision-makers in defining actions aimed at the development of rural areas in view of the global rationalization and optimization of resources. The objective was to create a rurality index (RI) to assist in resource allocation and policy design by considering the unique characteristics of India addressing a critical gap in regional development studies. A modified Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) was used to develop an RI tailored to the Gonda district in India. A comprehensive survey of 1300 experts guided the selection and prioritization of 21 factors across six domains: education, infrastructure, employment, agriculture, healthcare, and social index. These factors were then applied to assess 1214 villages in 16 development blocks. This methodology facilitated the ranking and zoning of the areas, resulting in 16 distinct zones, which enhanced the interpretability of the results. Rupaideeh and Itiyathok emerged at the top of the combined domain rankings, while Babhanjot and Chapiya occupied the bottom positions. The developed index provides a robust framework for guiding resource allocation and designing targeted interventions, thereby promoting more equitable development across communities. The results underscored the complex interplay of factors influencing village development across the assessed regions. Moreover, this model demonstrated the potential for adaptation and application in diverse localities, subject to appropriate modifications of parameters to suit local contexts. The index’s versatility and comprehensive approach offers valuable insights for policymakers and development practitioners seeking to address regional disparities effectively.
Characterization of Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Causing Canine Pneumonia in China: Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Genes, and Sequence Typing
Authors: Lai Jianyi , Long Haibin , Zhao Zhihong , Rao Gan , Ou Zhaojia , Li Jiajie , Zhou Zhidong , Hu Minhua , Ni Qingchun
Published: October 2024

To determine the etiological agents responsible for acute pneumonia in puppies in China, this study utilized bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid extraction to enable the isolation, culture, biochemical identification, and 16S rRNA PCR amplification of the pathogens. Following preliminary identification, the pathogens underwent analysis for antibiotic resistance phenotypes and resistance genes. Additionally, the study examined the presence of virulence genes, conducted multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The findings revealed that all four isolated pathogens were characterized as extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC). The examined ExPEC strains demonstrated resistance to cephalosporins, tetracyclines, and penicillins, while remaining susceptible to aminoglycosides, beta-lactamase inhibitors, carbapenems, chloramphenicols, and sulfonamides. An analysis of virulence genes identified the presence of eight genes, namely CNF-I, fyuA, fimC, papC, ompA, fimH, irp2, and iroN, which are implicated in their invasiveness and potential to inflict tissue damage. The MLST analysis revealed that all ExPEC strains were classified under either sequence type ST131 (Achtman database) or ST43 (Pasteur database). The study further determined that these strains were absent in the kennel’s drinking water source, thereby ruling out water contamination as a potential factor in the emergence of ST131-type ExPEC. This study offers a theoretical framework and empirical evidence for elucidating the potential pathogenic mechanisms and clinical therapeutic strategies of ExPEC in the etiology of acute pneumonia in puppies.
Impact of Thinning and Contour-Felled Logs on Overland Flow, Soil Erosion, and Litter Erosion in a Monoculture Japanese Cypress Forest Plantation
Authors: Farahnak Moein , Sato Takanori , Tanaka Nobuaki , Nainar Anand , Mohd Ghaus Ibtisam , Kuraji Koichiro
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the impact of thinning and felled logs (random- and contour-felled logs) on overland flow, soil erosion, and litter erosion in a Japanese cypress forest plantation (2400 tree ha−1) with low ground cover, from 2018 to 2023 in central Japan. Monthly measurements of overland flow and soil and litter erosion were carried out using small-sized traps across three plots (two treatments and one control). In early 2020, a 40% thinning (tree ha−1) was conducted in the two treatment plots. Overland flow increased in the plot with random-felled logs during the first year post-thinning (from 139.1 to 422.0 L m−1), while it remained stable in the plot with contour-felled logs (from 341.8 to 337.1 L m−1). A paired-plot analysis showed no change in overland flow in the contour-felled logs plot compared to the control plot from the pre- to post-thinning periods (pre-thinning Y = 0.41X − 0.69, post-thinning Y = 0.5X + 5.46, ANCOVA: p > 0.05). However, exposure to direct rainfall on uncovered ground areas post-thinning led to increased soil and litter erosion in both treatment plots. These findings suggest that thinning combined with contour-felled logs effectively stabilizes overland flow. Therefore, thinning with contour-felled logs can be considered a viable method for mitigating overland flow in monoculture plantations with low ground cover.
RISIKO FRAKTUR PADA PASIEN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
Authors: Rohmah Maishyela , Pramukti Iqbal , Shalahuddin Iwan
Published: October 2024

Orang dengan HIV (ODHIV) seringkali memiliki risiko terjadinya komplikasi, salah satunya yaitu fraktur osteoporosis akibat terjadinya penurunan densitas tulang yang dapat disebabkan oleh virus, efek samping pengobatan ART, faktor klinis seperti penurunan fungsi fisiologis tubuh akibat proses penuaan serta gaya hidup yang tidak sehat seperti merokok dan mengonsumsi alkohol. Risiko fraktur osteoporosis pada ODHIV diperkirakan terus meningkat seiring dengan proses penuaan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut diperlukan deteksi dini skrining risiko fraktur sebagai upaya pencegahan dan pengurangan risiko fraktur di masa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi dan menggambarkan risiko fraktur dalam 10 tahun ke depan pada ODHIV sehingga hasilnya dapat menjadi salah satu sumber informasi dan acuan untuk tindakan intervensi perawat atau tenaga medis lainnya terhadap upaya mengurangi dan mencegah fraktur osteoporosis pada ODHIV. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan jumlah responden 76 orang yang dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling, penelitian ini dilakukan pada November - Desember 2023 di Poli Klinik Teratai RSUD Sumedang. Risiko fraktur diukur menggunakan algoritma FRAX® tool tanpa BMD. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa seluruh ODHIV memiliki risiko fraktur osteoporosis mayor rendah dengan median 2,20% (IQR 2) dan risiko fraktur pinggul rendah dengan median 0,2% (IQR 0,4). Meskipun termasuk dalam kategori risiko yang rendah hal ini tetap menunjukkan perlu adanya upaya untuk menciptakan intervensi farmakologis maupun non-farmakologis yang berkelanjutan dan perlu adanya pemantauan kesehatan tulang secara rutin serta upaya pencegahan melalui gaya hidup sehat dan manajemen medis yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien HIV.
A new method to facilitate complicated urethral catheterization in men: a technical point of view
Authors: Mousavi Bahar Seyed Habibollah , Mohseni Maede , Derisi Mohamad Mehdi , Chehrazad Alireza , Ataie Amir Mohammad
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Urethral injuries in men sometimes turn into colossal and long-term challenges. In some patients, urethral catheterization after internal urethrotomy or maintaining the alignment of the urethra after trauma may become complicated and not feasibly applicable. This study describes a new method and its technical points to facilitate probing in patients whose urethral catheterization is challenging. As far as we know, this technique has not been previously reported elsewhere. Case Presentation: Case 1 involved a 34-year-old male patient who had a complete rupture of the posterior urethra following a 2-meter height fall on an iron rod penetrating the perineum. Case 2 was a 45-year-old male patient with a history of urethroplasty several times and receiving penile skin grafts for urethra reconstruction. Cystoscopy revealed intraurethral hair growth, significant fibrosis, and stricture throughout the urethra. Conclusion: This study described a new method to facilitate ureteral catheterization using a Foley catheter mounted on the ureteroscope. This strategy is simple, effective, and promising when other ureteral catheterization methods prove inapplicable.
A study on comparison of Tc-99m DTPA renal dynamic imaging with Mayo quadratic, Cockcroft-Gault, MDRD, and CKD-EPI formulas for estimation of glomerular filtration rate among South Indian live-related kidney donors
Authors: Aralapuram Kishan , Shetty Bhushan Chandrahasa , Gurusiddaiah Sreedhara Chikkanayakanahalli
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is calculated using various prediction equations. These equations are derived from the Western population, and extrapolating to our population subgroups may yield inaccurate results. Objectives: To study the correlation of measured GFR to estimated GFR using four different equations and to analyse how much proximity lies between the GFR calculated by above formulas correlates with DTPA renal scan among South Indian renal donors. Patients and Methods: An observational study was conducted among prospective renal donors undergoing evaluation. Donors underwent a DTPA scan as per protocol. Downloadable calculators calculated the glomerular filtration rate. Results that were descriptive were presented as mean and standard deviation. Correlation and comparisons were made by calculating Pearson’s correlation coefficient and student’s t test respectively. Results: A total of 151 patients were included; 24.5% were males and 75.5% were females. The majority of donors (37.09%) were in the 45-54 years age group. The mean of measured GFR by DTPA was 105.64 mL/min/1.73 m2 whereas estimated GFR was 100.95, 102.34, 109.35, 97.44 mL/min/1.73 m2 in MDRD, CKD-EPI, Mayo, and Cockcroft Gault (CG) formulae respectively with a maximum mean difference for CG of 8.2. Weighted kappa agreement between measured and estimated GFR shows 82.96% agreement with CKD-EPI compared to 78.09% agreement with the MDRD formula. Overall, CKD-EPI performed better in GFR estimation in our study subjects. Conclusion: We found that the CKD-EPI formula performed better in precision, correlation, and accuracy compared to other formulae in GFR estimation among healthy South Indian renal donors. Therefore, the CKD-EPI formula is best suited to pick-up subnormal GFR in clinical practice, as well as in epidemiological studies among the South Asian population.
III. EL SÍNDROME DE VISIÓN POR COMPUTADOR - SVC EN EL PERSONAL ADMINISTRATIVO
Authors: Silva Giraldo Cesar Augusto , Rueda Mahecha Yohanna Milena , Navarro Gómez Carmen Sofía , Hernández Rodríguez Mayerly Rocío , Gómez Prada Flor Elva
Published: October 2024

La presente investigación pretendió encontrar la relación entre el uso prolongado del computador y la presencia de síntomas propios del SVC, al igual orientar al trabajador frente a los riesgos derivados del uso de pantallas, la forma de prevenir, intervenir y tratar esta alteración. Para esto se entregó a las directivas de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios sedes Bucaramanga una guía o manual de información importante relacionada con el manejo responsable del computador y la pertinencia de realizar descansos visuales periódicos que refresquen y relajen los ojos. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica relevante para el tema de la investigación con el fin de comprender términos relacionados con la estructura del ojo, afecciones que pudieran alterarla, además de ahondar en conceptos propios de síndrome que permitieran trazar y cumplir con los objetivos propuestos. Determinado lo anterior, se escogió como instrumento de valoración la encuesta, esta constaba de 22 preguntas la cual fue aplicada a una muestra de 33 trabajadores en la cual se profundizaba acerca de su comportamiento habitual frente al computador y la utilización del mismo. Del análisis de los resultados obtenidos se pudo establecer subjetivamente la presencia de síntomas propios del SVC, esta información se correlacionó con los resultados de los exámenes optométricos buscando información más objetiva con la cual se confirmaron los síntomas.
XXI. ESTRATEGIAS DIDÁCTICAS PARA MEJORAR LA COMPRENSIÓN DE TEXTOS
Authors: Bados Rodríguez Ana Cristina
Published: October 2024

En el campo educativo, la lectura es un proceso dinámico y permanente que permitea los estudiantes aprender en las diferentes áreas de conocimiento, por ende, es importante,diseñar estrategias didácticas para mejorar la comprensión de textos, convirtiendo a la escuelaen un espacio de conexión entre el niño y las lecturas, su vida social y el mundo que lo rodea.El objetivo general del proceso de investigación, es fortalecer la comprensión de textos através de estrategias didácticas que ayuden a los estudiantes de tercero y quinto grado debásica primaria de la escuela multigrado Alto Don Diego, ubicada en el municipio deTaminango, Nariño. Teniendo como fundamento epistemológico, el paradigma cualitativoque se define como el estudio de los fenómenos sociales y humanos, este paradigma es elque mejor se ajusta a las necesidades del problema de investigación, porque permitiráobservar el comportamiento humano, de tal manera que se logre una interpretaciónintersubjetiva acerca de los hechos observados y posteriormente realizar el análisis, ademásel investigador puede establecer los métodos pertinentes para la realización del estudio; porotra parte el enfoque socio-critico se ajusta a las necesidades del problema de investigación,puesto que se logrará hacer un cambio a partir de las necesidades observadas en la comunidadeducativa, en la cual los participantes podrán ser miembros activos en el proceso detransformación, obteniendo como resultado un mejoramiento y un cambio social.