bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistem Pakar Mendiagnosa Penyakit pada Gigi Menggunakan Metode Bayes-Forward Chaining
Authors: Kencana Erlangga Samudera , Purnomo Agus Sidiq
Published: November 2021

Gigi merupakan salah satu alat pencernaan makanan yang paling penting. Penyakit Gigi merupakan salah satu jenis penyakit yang sering dipandang ringan, namun sangat mengganggu bagi penderita penyakit tersebut, terutama saat aktivitas makan. Penyakit gigi memiliki banyak jenis dan mempunyai bentuk gejala hampir sama.

Sistem pakar dapat mendeteksi penyakit. Dengan menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang terdapat di web sistem pakar oleh tenaga medis, maka dapat menentukan jenis penyakit gigi yang diderita pasien.

Dengan menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes yaitu menggunakan data-data seperti gejala - gejala pada umumnya yang sudah dikelompokan dan ditentukan sesuai golongan jenis penyakit gigi, dan juga hasil data diagnosa pasien, sistem pakar dapat menentukan penyakit gigi yang diderita pasien. Sehingga diharapkan dapat membantu dan memudahkan tenaga medis dalam bekerja menangani pasien dengan hasil kesesuaian 96,6%.
Andrei Ciurunga: Poetry of the Carceral Universe
Authors:   “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Burlacu Alexandru
Published: November 2021

This article examines the poetry of Andrei Ciurunga (1920-2002), the pseudonym of Robert Esenbraun, born in a family of German settlers in southern Bessarabia. Under the communist regime he was sentenced on two occasions (the first time to four years, 19501954, the second time to 18 years to prison – from 1958), he was detained for a little more than ten years, undergoing amnesty in 1964. Memorable is the poem published after the fall of communism. It is a poem „coming from the heart”. The author has identified his destiny with the poetry of detention in all prisons and jails of Romania (Gherla, Salcia, Jilava, Văcărești, Peninsula, Poarta Albă, Danube - Black Sea canal). The lyrics "From the Canal" are distinguished by the invention of a new fixed form of poetry, the decastih. They were mentally composed and circulated widely among the detainees. It reveals, retroactively, another world, a world from the carceral inferno.
Memories as the Articulation of Being in Vladimir Besleaga’s Novels
Authors:   ", Ivanov Nadejda ,   Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu",   Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

This article analyzes the problem of recovering personal and cultural identity of the characters in Vladimir Besleaga's novels Zbor frânt (Broken Flight) and Viața și moartea nefericitului Filimon (The Life and Death of the Unfortunate Filimon). The main role in the journey of self-search belongs to the involuntary memory and intuition, which drive the protagonists through a series of events, the ones from the bitter, disturbing past, to finally discovering the magical dimension of childhood, revealing mysteries about one's own split up destiny. Memories and the anamnesis process represent, therefore, the divine act of restoring the primordial world, of uttering the being and resurrecting the mankurt to the conscious, free and full life. Beyond the hostile reality of the regime, both Isai and Filimon reveal unique experiences and feelings from the labyrinth of their own consciousness, which bring them closer to the essence of existence.
Typology of Family Names Derived with the Suffix -escu
Authors:   ", Raileanu Viorica ,   Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu",   Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

The suffix -escu „is used to form surnames of Romanian type”. The exclusively onomastic function of the suffix -escu is patronymic and expresses family descent. Thus, Grigorescu, formed after the model Grigore (father's first name) + the suffix -escu, can be understood as „Grigore’s son”. In Moldovan documents, derived with the suffix -escu names are found since the fourteenth century. Over time, when the mechanism of formation and their significance were understood, these derivatives became common. Formations with -escu appeared not only from the first name, as "is the rule", but also from other reference names. The officialization of the names formed with the suffix -escu took place only at the end of the 19th century, when they started to function as family names. In the local anthroponymy, most of the patronymics with the suffix -escu are formed from first names and surnames (various adjectives, nouns and verbs that, previously, were substantivized and used as anthroponyms). Although the patronymics derived with the suffix -escu are less attested in the Bessarabian onomasticon than in the rest of the Romanian territory, we still distinguish several types of formation of surnames with the suffix -escu. The themes to which the -escu suffix is attached confirm that this suffix is an anthroponymic one, characteristic of the formation of surnames.
The Semantic Analysis of Money-Related Proverbs in Three Linguacultures
Authors:   Free International University of Moldova, Colenciuc Ina
Published: November 2021

Proverbs, being an element of ethnoculture, reflect the mentality, basic values of people, and their idea of the surrounding world. The author of the article accounts for the necessity to study money-related proverbs and notes that money is an unalienable part of the contemporary society, and consequently, it represents the material for psychological, sociocultural and linguistic research. Our aim is to conduct a comparative semantic analysis of proverbs in English, Romanian and Russian. The material for the research was 150 proverbs in the corresponding linguacultures. The author classifies proverbs by the semantic basis, identifies similarities and differences of English, Romanian and Russian proverbs
PEMBERDAYAAN INDUSTRI KERAJINAN EDUKATIF DARI KAYU “BERSINAR” DI DESA TEGALREJO KEC. TRUCUK KAB. KLATEN
Authors: Wiyono Teguh , Purbasari Dita Anggi , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: November 2021

Perberdayaan kerajinan edukatif dari kayu yang digunakan untuk pertumbuhan kecerdasan anak-anak TK maupun PAUD adalah usaha berjenis Home Industry ini telah lama ditekuni oleh masyarakat di Desa Sajen Kecamatan Trucuk  Kabupaten Klaten. Walau tidak seluruh masyarakatnya menekuni pekerjaan sebagai pengrajin tetapi pekerjaan kreatif ini sudah menjadi salah satu  simbol desa tersebut dan ikut membesarkan nama Klaten sebagai salah satu kabupaten penghasil kerajinan di Jawa Tengah. Produk dari Kerajinan edukatif dari kayu sendiri banyak macamnya dan bervariasai. Kerajinan  edukatif dari kayu  termasuk usaha yang sudah berkembang sejak lama dan kini semakin ramai dan menunjukkan kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Permasalahan yang dihadapi saat ini adalah mesin yang digunakan untuk produksi mesin gergaji dan mesin gerinda pembentuk kerajinan edukatif sangat sederhana, sehingga jumlah produksinya terbatas padahal pemesanan kerajinan tersebut tiap bulannya meningkat pesanan datang dari luar daerah sampai luar jawa terutama pada saat tahun ajaran baru
Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Ditjen Penguatan Risbang Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan dengan programnya yang berupa PKM dengan ini membantu para pengrajin edukatif dengan melakukan pendampingan dana guna mengatasi permasalahan selama ini dengan pembuatan teknologi tepat guna mesin gergaji Router pembuat profil dan mesin gerinda serbaguna yang cara kerjanya secara elektrik. Politeknik Pratama Mulia Surakarta mencoba menerapkan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi terutama dalam Pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang bekerja sama dengan Kemendikbud dalam pelaksanaan pembuatan mesin dan kegiatan lainnya guna membatu  para pengrajin edukatif untuk mengatasi permasalahannya selama ini. Terlaksananya program ini secara khusus meningkatkan ketrampilan yang mendukung produktifitas serta dapat meningkatkan pendapatan para pengrajin edukatif dan kelompoknya di Tegalrejo Desa Sajen Kecamatan Trucuk, diharapkan dengan program PKM ini dalam skala Nasional akan meningkatkan pendapatan perkapita daerah.
The Cycle Destruction during Complex Formation of 4-salicylideneamino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole with Ni (II) ions
Authors: Perizad A Fatullayeva Perizad A Fatullayeva , Ajdar A Medjidov Ajdar A Medjidov , Idayat M Mamedov Idayat M Mamedov , Pavel V Dorovatovskiy Pavel V Dorovatovskiy , Jan V Zubavichus Jan V Zubavichus , Victor N Khrustalev Victor N Khrustalev , Rayyat Huseyn Ismayilov Rayyat Huseyn Ismayilov
Published: November 2021

Using single crystal X-ray diffraction method, it was shown that the interaction of 4-salicylideneamino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole with Ni (II) acetate yields a complex of nickel with salicylidene-thiosemicarbazone instead of the expected complex with the corresponding Schiff base. A possible mechanism of hydrolysis of the thiotriazole ring is proposed. The N- (salicylidene) thiosemicarbazone is a tridentate and almost flat structure ligand coordinates to the nickel (II) cation through thiosemicarbazone sulphur, phenolic oxygen, and azomethine nitrogen atoms. The nickel (II) ion in the complex is four-coordinated in distorted square-planar geometry. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds N─H∙∙∙N, as well as hydrogen bonds N─H∙∙∙O, O─H∙∙∙O and O─H∙∙∙S through the solvate water molecules, give rise to the 3-D network of the complex [Ni(TSC)((NH2)2CS)]•H2O.
Construction and Evaluation of a Vertical Motorized Feed Mixer
Authors: M. A. Adedeji , T. A. Adegboye , I. K. Adesina , O. O. Ajayi , N. A. Azeez
Published: November 2021

In order to reduce the overall cost of poultry production by small scale farmers, a motorized feed mixer was modified, fabricated and evaluated. The mixer consists of an outer drum, an inner mixing chamber and an auger. All these components were vertically oriented for mixing operation. There was a hopper located at the base of the mixer for loading the materials and a chute for the discharging of mixed products. It was modified to work through a central rotating auger fixed on a shaft that carries a pulley of diameter 185 mm. The rotational motion was transmitted from a motor through a V-belt to the pulley shaft. A 5-0 hp electric motor with 1440 rpm was used to drive the machine. Mixing was achieved as the auger conveyed the feed materials from the bottom to the top, in a continuous rotational motion. The mixer was evaluated using a whole corn kernel (WCK) at 15.35 % (d.b) and small pieces of coloured paper (CP) of 5x5 mm² as tracers in ground maize as base materials. The auger pitch was reduced from 90.0 mm to 85.0 mm to increase the number of pitches from 10 to 12. This modification increased the throughput capacity of the mixer from 50.0 kg to 70.0 kg. The mixed material was delivered through the delivery chute after mixing. Mixing time values evaluated were 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 10.0 mins. The test results showed that maximum mixing occurred at 6.0 mins for coloured paper and 8.0 mins for whole kernel corn.
Retail Channel Services and Customer Retention in Physical Chain Stores in Nigeria
Authors: B.O. Oby , U. Ananaba , S.O. Udoka , N.N. Samuel
Published: November 2021

Extant literature indicates that despite the growing importance of retailing to the development of nations, it is imperative to ask; to what extent does retail channel service relates to customer retention in chain stores in Nigeria. The main objective of the study is to examine the significant relationship between retail channel service and customer retention in chain stores in Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative research design using a survey method. The study population comprised 65 retail chain stores registered with the Enugu Branch of Pillars Association of Nigeria as of July 2020. The questionnaires were pretested for comprehension, relevance and validity through ten operators of retail superstores and three scholars in the field of distribution channel management. The reliability of the instrument was tested using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient analysis in order to ensure the internal consistency and reliability of measures. The reliability coefficient obtained was 0.85. The findings of the study show that bulk breaking, spatial convenience, waiting time and product variety are positively related to customer retention. We conclude that retail channel service has a positive and significant influence on customer retention of retail chain stores in Nigeria. The retail chain stores, if effectively coordinated, and their marketing channel service properly managed, is capable of enhancing the tendencies of these retail stores in retaining their existing customers.
TREND ANALYSIS OF HIV PREVALENCE IN THE HOHOE MUNICIPALITY OF GHANA, FROM 2013 TO 2017
Authors:   UHAS Hohoe, Arhin Mark , Dovia Cecil Kwaku ,   Oti Regional Health Directorate, Todoko Cosmos Agbe K ,   Oti Regional Health Directorate, Agbeko David Tsitu ,   St. Teresa’s College of Education Hohoe
Published: November 2021

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is known as one of the leading causes of death in the world. About 36.7 million people lived with HIV (including 1.8 million children), and about 1.0 million people died of HIV-related illnesses in 2016. About 25.5 million morbidities of HIV/AIDS were recorded in Sub-Saharan Africa. While more than 50% of new infections among children have been reduced, there is a significant rise of HIV new infection among young adults and adolescents. HIV new infections in Ghana was 20,148 in 2016, as compared to 12,000 in 2015. Volta region is one of the leading regions of HIV in Ghana, with 2.7% of new infections. This study aimed at determining the trends of HIV/AIDS prevalence among males and females, age groups and the urban and rural areas in the Hohoe Municipality from 2013 to 2017. A retrospective survey on HIV prevalence for 5 years (2013-2017) was carried out. Data were extracted from the HIV/AIDS unit database in the Hohoe Municipal Hospital from 2013 to 2017. The Stata version 14 by Stata Corp (LP, Texas, USA) was used to analyse the data for the study. The data were compared with District Health Information Management System (DHIMS 2) data to check accuracy and consistency. Excel 2013 was used to plot the actual observed cases by year to assess their trend and seasonality. Most of the people who routinely go to the facility to test for HIV from 2013 to 2017 represent 59.8% regardless of location. People within the age group 25-34 have the highest number of people tested for HIV, 1883 (29%). The overall number of female HIV positives (685) over the five years is more than twice that of the male figures (321). The findings indicate that HIV was higher (4.6% and 4.5%) among age groups 45+ and 35-44, respectively. Age groups 15-24 recorded the lowest prevalence, 1.1%. This study found that people in the rural areas who were tested are less likely to be HIV infected (OR = 0.1) than urban residents. This study shows that HIV prevalence among the sexually active age group was 7.6%.
Potenţialul distilatelor de vin crude obţinute din soiuri de struguri autohtone
Authors:   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Taran Nicolae , Ponomariova Irina ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Rusu Serghei ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Nemteanu Silvia ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Stitiuc Mihail ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Crasnosciocova Margareta ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Golenco Lidia ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

În această lucrare a fost studiat potenţialul distilatelor de vin obţinute din soiurile de struguri autohtone: Luminiţa, Distil, Plavai, Alb de Oniţcani şi Zghihara de Huşi. Studiul s-a axat pe compoziţia chimică a strugurilor, a vinurilor-materie primă pentru distilare şi a distilatelor de vin crude, precum şi a analizei senzoriale a distilatelor de vin crude.
”To stay or not to stay?” – That is the question: Rural youths’ views on living in Scandinavia
Authors: Hendry Leo , Kloep Marion
Published: November 2021

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Effects of novel anemia nurse manager program on hemodialysis: a retrospective study from Qatar
Authors: Hamad Abdullah , Ezzat Hany , Latif Ghonimi Tarek Abdel , Ibrahim Rania , Ramadan Fatma , Noor Nadia , Yasin Fadumo , Ismail Sahar , Al-Ali Fadwa
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Anemia management in dialysis is challenging. Keeping hemoglobin levels within a tight range is difficult. A new program (anemia nurse manager [ANM]) was started for better anemia management. This study aimed to compare traditional anemia management with the new ANM model regarding the achievement of better hemoglobin targets (range, 10–12 g/dL), avoidance of extreme hemoglobin levels ( < 9 or >13 g/dL), and evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the new model.

Methods: This retrospective observational study compared traditional anemia management with management involving our new ANM model. Patients on hemodialysis in all ambulatory dialysis clinics in Qatar were included. The study included three phases: phase 1 (observation): June 2015 to August 2015, 460 patients; phase 2 (pilot): September 2015 to May 2016, 211 patients; and phase 3 (expansion in two phases): June 2016 to February 2017 and October 2017 to June 2018, 610 patients. Hemoglobin, iron saturation, and ferritin were evaluated according to the protocol.

Results: In this study, 55% of the patients achieved the target hemoglobin in phase 1 compared with 75% in phase 2 (p = 0.0007). The hemoglobin level within the target range was sustained at 72% ± 5% of patients in phase 3. The achievement rate of the target hemoglobin level increased from 56% (May 2015) to 72% (July 2018) (p < 0.001). The proportion of patients with extreme hemoglobin declined from 10.7% in phase 1 to 6.4% in phase 2 and sustained at 8% afterward. Reducing the doses of erythropoietin stimulating agents, owing to the use of the ANM model, saved costs by approximately 11%.

Conclusions: The ANM model was able to achieve and maintain hemoglobin levels within the target range and decrease extreme hemoglobin levels. These outcomes improved patient care by avoiding high hemoglobin (increase thrombosis, cancer recurrence, stroke, and death) and low hemoglobin (weakness, poor quality of life, and need for transfusion) levels. The ANM model was cost effective even after including the salaries of nurses. This model can be considered in other aspects of patient care in dialysis.
Epidemiological health assessment in primary healthcare in the State of Qatar- 2019
Authors: Al-Kuwari Mohamed Ghaith , Al-Abdulla Samya Ahmad , Abdulla Maha Yousef , Haj Bakri Ahmad , Mustafa Mohammed Azza , Chettiyam Kandy Mujeeb , Patterson Amanda , Illiayaraja Krishnan Jeyaram
Published: November 2021

Background: In the public sector in Qatar, the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) is the major provider of primary healthcare services to families. Therefore, the PHCC conducted the first epidemiological health assessment to understand the burden of diseases and their subsequent risk factors impacting its registered population, to design better services, implement it and allocate resources to respond to the population health needs.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted among all PHCC registered populations between September 1, 2018, and August 31, 2019. The study target population was all persons residing in Qatar aged 0+ years and registered at the 27 health centers affiliated with the PHCC; excluding patients with an expired residence permit on August 31, 2019, and craft male workers were provided their primary healthcare services at the Qatar Red Crescent health facilities. The data were extracted from patients’ electronic medical records (EMR).

Results: The burden of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were the highest among the population of the central region at 13.9%, 15.7%, and 11.1%, respectively. Tobacco consumption among males was higher than females and ranged from 25.4% to 27.8%, with the highest rate in the northern region. Obesity rates ranged between 34.7% and 37.0% among the total population registered with the lowest rate in the central region, while 39.9% of females in the northern region had a body mass index above 30 kg/m2. Exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months was significantly lower than that at 4 months across all regions. Children in the northern region had the highest rate of overweight/obesity based on Z-scores. The western region population had the highest number of communicable diseases notifications.

Conclusion: Understanding the patterns of disease in the local population will enable the PHCC to plan a clear set of services that meet the population's health needs, which include tailored health education and promotion components.
Percepción del uso de redes sociodigitales por parte de docentes del Estado de México
Authors:   la Escuela Secundaria Oficial No. 738 “Profr. Adrián Ortega Monroy”, Delgado Trujillo Odette
Published: November 2021

En el presente artículo mostramos los resultados de un estudio exploratorio realizado con docentes del Estado de México, el cual tuvo como objetivo conocer la percepción que estos tienen sobre el uso de redes sociodigitales. Los datos se recopilaron mediante un cuestionario en línea aplicado a 161 docentes que laboran en distintos municipios. Los resultados obtenidos nos permitieron configurar una perspectiva general sobre la forma en que estos las emplean, así como la noción que tienen sobre el uso que los alumnos y ellos les dan. Finalmente, logramos identificar que circundan significados negativos hacia las redes sociodigitales y que, a pesar de que los docentes las emplean, aún no las han integrado a sus tareas dentro de lo educativo y, de tal forma, no hay condiciones favorables para que los docentes estén al tanto de comportamientos de acoso y agresión entre sus alumnos. Por lo tanto, una tarea pendiente es que los propios centros escolares lleven a cabo un proceso de sensibilización acerca del uso de estas redes y su alcance en la educación, dirigido en un primer momento a los propios docentes.
Educación en las universidades de hoy para el mañana
Authors:   Universidad Isidro Fabela, Águila Camacho Sonia Yadira
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar en torno a la educación en las universidades de hoy y su proyección en el futuro con base en consideraciones de la filósofa norteamericana Martha Nussbaum y del pensador francés Edgar Morin. Se toman en cuenta sus propuestas, porque con los conceptos Ciudadanía del mundo y Era planetaria dibujan ya una idea de lo que es deseable para la educación del mañana. En este escrito, pues, se analiza lo que ésta implica para las escuelas superiores respecto a la persona que forman y a la sociedad en la que adquieren sentido. En el texto se sostiene la idea de pensar el futuro en relación al presente, por eso se concluye mencionando que el estudio de los autores mencionados se conecta, además, con algunas líneas que dibuja la Unesco en documentos emitidos desde finales del siglo pasado pensando en el escenario futuro, en el que es trascendente la armonía entre lo diferente y la plenitud humana, por lo cual se señala: formar al individuo como ciudadano del mundo o prepararlo para la era planetaria es fundamental para la educación del futuro.
Variación espacio-temporal en la composición de macroalgas en la zona intermareal rocosa en Salango, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador
Authors: Sánchez César , Torres Genoveva
Published: November 2021

En el presente trabajo se determinó la variación espaciotemporal en la composición de macroalgasen dos sitios de muestreo localizados en Salango, provincia de Manabí, en la costa de Ecuador.Se registraron las variaciones de los grupos taxonómicos, cobertura y diversidad en función deltiempo. La metodología empleada es la de SARCE y el manual de métodos de ecosistemas marinocostero para establecer impactos ambientales. Entre los resultados, Centroceras clavulatum es laespecie que presenta el mayor registro en ambas localidades muestreadas. La mayor coberturaen la estación sur está representada por Chlorophyta (37%), mientras que, en el norte se registróuna mayor cobertura de Rhodophyta (39%). Según el índice de Shannon-Wiener e valor máximode diversidad se dio en noviembre para el norte y sur de Salango 2,1 y 2,3 respectivamente. Lavariación temporal, demostró que los grupos de Rhodophyta y Chlorophyta presentan cambios encuanto al número de individuos entre los meses de octubre y noviembre del 2019, Los índices dediversidad presentaron niveles elevados en noviembre. Los valores de similitud coinciden con ladiversidad de especies y riqueza de especies en el mes de noviembre donde se obtuvieron losvalores de salinidad más altos sugiriendo que sus poblaciones poseen una serie de variacionesespaciales, pero no tienen una dinámica paralela y cada grupo atiende a diferentes requerimientospara su población.
Virtual reality as training technology in the health field: a literature review
Authors: Miranda Gonçalves Isabela , Pereira Brenda Chayná do Nascimento , Santos Cassiane Nogueira , Passos Shirley Maria de Araújo , Santos Waldeyde Oderilda Magalhães dos , Duarte Giovanna Gonçalves , Filho João da Mata Libório
Published: November 2021

The present work is an integrative review that aims to answer the following guiding question: how is virtual reality being applied as an educational technology in the health area? The databases used for the search were Pubmed, Virtual Health Library (VHL) in the health area, IEEEXplore and ACM Digital Library in the technology area. For this work, the following inclusion criteria were established: studies on the use of simulators as educational technology; free access articles; be available online in full; be in Portuguese and / or English; published from 2015 to 2020. Articles of literature review, dissertations, theses and editorials were excluded. A total of 1,563 articles were obtained, of which 21 went on to descriptive analysis. Most of the articles came from the Pubmed database, fourteen, six articles were added from the VHL and only one study was included from the ACM. The discussion of the results emerged from two categories: Characterization of the use of virtual reality in the area of health and Considerations on the applicability of virtual reality in the area of health. As a contribution, this review may serve as a guide for the expansion of virtual reality, while pointing out the potential and weaknesses of its use as training technology in the health area.
The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on the Upgrading of Industrial Structure in the Yangtze River Delta
Authors: Zhu Yinan , Wang Wei
Published: November 2021

Foreign direct investment and industrial upgrading are not only important driving forces to promote sustainable economic development, but also the objective needs of a country to deeply participate in international division of labor and competition. Firstly, this paper summarizes the literature at home and abroad, and puts forward the research problems and research ideas. Secondly, it makes a theoretical analysis of the impact of foreign direct investment on the upgrading of industrial structure. Thirdly, it analyzes the current situation of foreign direct investment and industrial structure upgrading. Finally, it analyzes the main problems of China's foreign direct investment affecting the upgrading of industrial structure, and puts forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions.
Characteristic features of Orissa super cyclone of 29th October, 1999 as observed through CDR Paradip
Authors: KALSI S. R. , SRIVASTAVA K. B.
Published: November 2021

lkj & bl 'kks/k&Ik= esa 29 vDrwcj] 1999 esa mM+hlk ds rV ij vk, egkpØokr ds Øfed fodkl ds jsMkj ls izkIr gq, vfHky{k.kksa dks izysf[kr djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA 280800 ;w- Vh- lh- vkSj 290200 ;w- Vh- lh- ds e/; fy, x, 18 ?kaVs dh vof/k ds ih- ih- vkbZ- fp=ksa ls rS;kj fd, x, /kzqoh; vkjs[kksa ds fo’ys"k.k ls bl egkpØokr ds Øfed fodkl ds jkspd igyqvksa dk irk pyk gSA bl fo’ys"k.k ls izkIr gq, izcyhdj.k ds ladsr izs{k.k dh vU; iz.kkfy;ksa ds mi;ksx ls izkIr gq, fo’ys"k.kksa ds vuq:Ik ik, x, gSaA

An attempt is made to document the radar observed features of evolution of super cyclone that hit Orissa on 29 October, 1999.  Analysis of polar diagrams comprising of hourly PPI images taken between 280800 UTC and 290200 UTC reveals interesting aspects of development of this Super Cyclone in terms of waxing and waning of eye size in relation to intensification process.  The smallest radius of maximum reflectivity is in conformity with the colossal death toll observed close to the track of the super cyclone.  Structural changes observed through radar images are in conformity with intensify changes as seen through other observing systems.
Value addition in district level dynamical forecast during intense rainfall spells over the west coast of India
Authors: LAL B. , SINGH O. P. , PRASAD ONKARI
Published: November 2021

lkj & ekulwu _rq ds nkSjku Hkkjr ds if’peh rV ij Hkkjh o"kkZ dh ?kVukvksa dk vjc lkxj ds Åij iouksa dh vf/kdre xfr ds ØksM ¼dksj½ ds lkFk ?kfu"B laca/k gSA bl 'kks/k&i= esa bZ- lh- ,e- MCY;w- ,Q- ¼;wjksih; e/;e vof/k iwokZuqeku dsUnz½ }kjk 850 gSDVkikLdy ij iwokZuqekfur 72 ?kaVs ds izokg izfr:i  dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k gS ftlls if’peh rV ij Hkkjh o"kkZ dk iwokZuqeku djus ds fy, ftyk Lrjh; xfrdh; iwokZuqeku iz.kkyh dh {kerk c<+kus gsrq ek=kRed i)fr dk fodkl fd;k tk ldsA ;g ns[kk x;k gS fd if’peh rV ij o"kkZ dh ek=k dk if’peh rV ij vjc lkxj esa iou dh vf/kdre xfr ds 72 ?kaVs ds bZ- lh- ,e- MCY;w- ,Q- }kjk fd, x, iwokZuqeku ds lkFk egRoiq.kZ lglaca/k gSA if’peh rV ij Hkkjh o"kkZ ds {ks= ds v{kka’kh; foLrkj dk if’peh rV ij iou dh vf/kdre xfr ds ØksM ¼dksj½ ds lkFk egRoiw.kZ lglaca/k gSA bl 'kks/k&i= esa  ;g crk;k x;k gS fd xzh"edkyhu ekulwu _rq ds nkSjku Hkkjr ds if’peh rV ij Hkkjh o"kkZ ds 72 ?kaVs dk iwokZuqeku djus ds fy, iouksa dh vf/kdre xfr ds 72 ?kaVs ds iwokZuqekfur ØksM ¼dksj½ vkSj foLrkj dh rhozrk vkSj fLFkfr dh {kerk c<+kus ds fy, laHkkfor iwoZlwpdksa ds :i esa mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA

Occurrences of intense rainfall events over west coast of India during monsoon are intimately linked to the core of maximum winds over the Arabian Sea. ECMWF (Europian Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting )  predicted 72 hr flow pattern at 850 hPa has been used to develop a quantitative method for value addition in the district level dynamical forecast system for intense rainfall over the west coast. It has been found that the amount of rainfall over the west coast is significantly correlated to 72 hr ECMWF forecast of maximum wind speed over the Arabian Sea along the west coast. The latitudinal width of the heavy rainfall belt over the west coast has got significant correlation with the location of maximum wind core along the west coast. It has been  shown that the strength and location of the 72 hr predicted core and fetch of maximum winds could be used as potential predictors in the value addition for 72 hr heavy rainfall forecast along the west coast of India during summer monsoon.
Impact of KALPANA-1 cloud motion vector in the analysis and forecast of IMD operational NWP system
Authors: BHOWMIK S. K. ROY , JOARDAR D. , DAS ANANDA  K. , RAO Y. V. RAMA , HATWAR H. R.
Published: November 2021

lkj & 12 flrEcj 2002 ls ekSle foKku ds fy, lefiZr Hkkjr ds igys mixzg dYiuk-1 ds fØ;k’khy gksus ds lkFk gh fgan egklkxj ds vuqiyC/k vk¡dM+s okys {ks= ds mixzg ls izkIr iouksa ds vk¡dM+ksa ds {ks= foLrkj ls lq/kkj gqvk gS A bu vk¡dM+ksa ds miyC/k gks tkus ls Hkkjr ekSle foKku foHkkx ¼Hkk-ekS-fo-fo-½ dh izpkyukRed ,u- MCY;w- ih- iz.kkyh esa buds izHkko dh tk¡p djus dh ,d ubZ laHkkouk mRiUu gqbZ gS A bl ’kks/k Ik= esa o"kZ 2003 dh ekulwu o"kkZ ij fd, x, iz;ksxksa ds vk/kkj ij Hkkjr ekSle foKku foHkkx dh ,u- MCY;w- ih- iz.kkyh esa dYiyk-1 ls izkIr gq, lh- ,e- oh- vk¡dM+ksa ds izHkko ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gS A bl fun’kZ ls izkIr gq, iou ds vfrfjDr vk¡dM+ksa dk izHkko lkFkZd vkSj ykHkdkjh ik;k x;k gS A 

The coverage of satellite derived winds over the data gap Indian Ocean region has improved with the operation of India’s first dedicated satellite for meteorology KALPANA-1 since 12 September 2002. Availability of these data has opened up a new possibility to examine the impact of these data in the operational NWP system of India Meteorological Department (IMD). In this paper, impact of KALPANA-1 CMV  data in the  NWP  system  of IMD has been presented based on the experiments carried-out for the monsoon 2003.  The impact of additional wind data in the model is found to be significant and beneficial.
On forecasting tracks of tropical disturbances using ATOVS data over Bay of Bengal
Authors: SURESH R. , KUNDU S. K. , BHATNAGAR A. K. , BHATIA R. C.
Published: November 2021

lkj &,d m".kdfVca/kh; vonkc ds thou pØ ds vkadMs+ rFkk nks m".kdfVca/kh; pØokrh rwQkuksa ds o"kZ 2002&03 dh vof/k ds vkadMs+ mPp Vh- vks- oh- ,l- ¼,- Vh- vks- oh- ,l-½ /kzqod{kh; mixzgksa ,u- vks- ,- , 15 rFkk 16] ftuesa mPp lw{e rjaxh; ifjKkiu bdkbZ ¼,- ,e- ,l- ;w½ yxh gqbZ gaS ls izkIr fd, x, gSa ftudk fo’ys"k.k bu rwQkuksa ds ekxZ dk iwokZuqeku djus ds fy, fd;k x;k gSA bu ekSle fo{kksHkksa ds 700&400 gsDVkikLdy ¼gs-ik-½ Lrj esa e/; {kksHkeaMyh; m".krk e/; Lrjh ckfgokZg ds dkj.k gksrh gS tks rwQku ds 200&700 fd-eh- vkxs rd foLrkfjr gksrh gS rFkk fo{kksHkksa dh xfr’khyrk dk djhc 6 ls 24 ?kaVs igys iwokZuqeku djus esa iwoZ ladsrd dk dk;Z djrh gSA ;g fo{kksHk yxHkx mlh v{k dks vuqxeu djrk gS tks e/; {kksHkeaMy esa foLrkfjr ¼vkxs c<s+ gq,½ ftg~okdkj m".k {ks= dks dsUnz ls tksM+rk gSA e/;e rhozrk okys nks HkweaMyh; pØokrksa dh fLFkfr esa tc 7º ls 13º lsfYl;l rkieku dk m"edksj Åijh {kksHkeaMyh; Lrj ¼250&200 gs-ik-½ ds djhc dsafnzr jgk ml le; vonkc dh fLFkfr esa fdlh fo’ks"k m".krk dk irk ugha      pyk gSA

 Advanced TOVS (ATOVS), comprising the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU), data obtained from polar orbiting satellites NOAA 15 and 16 during the life cycle of a tropical depression and two tropical cyclonic storms during 2002-03 have been analysed to predict the track of these disturbances.  The mid-tropospheric warming due to altostratus outflow from these weather disturbances in the layer 700 – 400 hPa which protrudes about  200 -700 km ahead the storm acts as a pre-cursor to predict the movement of the disturbances with a lead time of about      6 to 24 hours. The disturbance almost follows the axis connecting the centre with the warm tongue that protrudes ahead of  the disturbance in the mid-troposphere. While warm core of 7 to 13° C is centered around the upper tropospheric level (250 – 200 hPa) in the case the two moderate intensity tropical cyclones, no significant warmness could be seen in the depression stage.
Ozone variations pertaining to dry and wet monsoon seasons over Indian region
Authors: LONDHE A. L. , PATIL S. D. , KUMARI B. PADMA , JADHAV D. B.
Published: November 2021

’kq"d vkSj vknzZ ekulwu o"kkZsa ds nkSjku Vh-lh-vks- forj.k dk v/;;u djus ds fy, Hkkjrh; {ks+= esa o"kZ 1982]1983]1987 ,oa 1988 ds dqy dkWye vkstksu ¼Vh-lh-vks-½ ds ekfld vkSlr dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k gS A bl ’kks/k&Ik= esa mDr o"kksZa ds Hkkjr ds 13 LVs’kuksa ds Vh-lh-vks- vkadM+ksa dk v/;;u fd;k x;k gSA ’kq"d vkSj vknzZ ekulwu o"kksZa ds nkSjku Vh-lh-vks- forj.k dh rqyuk ls ;g irk pyk gS fd Vh-lh-vks- ds eku vknZz o"kksZa dh rqyuk esa ’kq"d o"kksZa esa vf/kd ik, x, gSaA Vh-lh-vks- esa ifjorZu gksuk ’kq"d ,oa vknzZ o"kksZa ds nkSjku laoguh; xfrfof/k esa fHkUurk dks ekuk tk ldrk gSA ’kq"d ¼vknzZ½ o"kksZa ds nkSjku laogu esa deh ¼o`f)½ Vh-lh-vks- dh ek=k dks c<+krh ?kVkrh gSA ’kq"d ,oa vknzZ o"kksZa ds chp ds ekulwu ds eghuksa ds nkSjku Vh-lh-vks- ds egRo dh tk¡p djus ds fy, lkaf[;dh; Vh--VsLV dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA ;g varj nene dks NksM+dj vU; lHkh LVs’kuksa ds fy, lkaf[;dh; n`f"V ls 5 izfr’kr rd egRoiw.kZ gSA ,slk dgk tk ldrk gS fd Hkkjr esa xzh"edkyhu ekulwu eghuksa ds nkSjku vks-,y-vkj- rFkk Vh-lh-vks- ds chp vPNs laca/k jgs gSa D;ksafd bl vof/k ds nkSjku laogu dkQh izcy jgk gS A
Monthly mean total column ozone (TCO) over Indian region for the years 1982, 1983, 1987 and 1988 has been utilized to study the TCO distribution during dry and wet monsoon years. TCO data for 13 Indian stations for the above years have been considered in the study. Comparison of TCO distribution during dry and wet monsoon years suggested that TCO values are found higher during dry years than those in wet years. The changes in TCO may be attributed to difference in convective activity during dry and wet years. The suppressed (enhanced) convection during dry (wet) years may lead to increase (decrease) in TCO.
  The statistical t-test is applied to test the significance of TCO difference during monsoon months between dry and wet years. The difference is statistically significant at 5% level of confidence for all stations except Dumdum. It can be said that the relation between OLR and TCO holds good during Indian summer monsoon months, as convection is stronger during this period.
Long-term trends in the frequency of severe cyclones of Bay of Bengal : Observations and simulations
Authors: SINGH O. P.
Published: November 2021

The east coast of India and the coasts of Bangladesh, Myanmar and Sri Lanka are vulnerable to the incidence of tropical cyclones of the Bay of Bengal. Every year these cyclones inflict heavy loss of life and property in this region. Global climate change resulting from anthropogenic activity is likely to manifest itself in the weather and climate of the Bay of Bengal region also. The long-term trends in the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones of the Bay of Bengal during intense cyclonic months May, October and November is one such problem which has been addressed in the present paper.Utilizing the existing data of 129 years (1877-2005) pertaining to the tropical cyclone frequency and intensity in the Bay of Bengal during May, October and November, a study was undertaken to investigate the trends in the frequency of Severe Cyclonic Storms (SCS) during past decades. The results of the trend analysis reveal that the SCS frequency over the Bay of Bengal has registered significant increasing trends in past 129 years during the intense cyclonic months. It may be emphasized that these trends are long-term trends for more than hundred years based on statistical analyses which do not necessarily imply that SCS frequency has increased continuously decade after decade. As a matter of fact there has been a slight decrease in SCS frequency after peaking in the pentad 1966-1970, but this does not alter the long-term trend much. The intensification rate during November, which accounts for highest number of intense cyclones in the north Indian Ocean, has registered a steep rise of 26% per hundred years, implying that a tropical depression forming in the Bay of Bengal during November has a high probability to reach to severe cyclone stage. A regional climate model simulation revealed the enhanced cyclogenesis in the Bay of Bengal during May, October and November as a result of increased anthropogenic emissions in the atmosphere
Role of total-totals stability index in forecasting of thunderstorm/non-thunderstorm days over Kolkata during pre-monsoon season
Authors: KHOLE MEDHA , BISWAS H. R.
Published: November 2021

The thunderstorm activity over Kolkata during pre-monsoon months (March, April and May) has been studied using the radiosonde data of Kolkata (Dumdum). The objective of the study is to examine the utility of Total-Totals Index (TTI) in forecasting occurrence/non-occurrence of thunderstorm over Kolkata. The investigation reveals that Total-Totals Index can be preliminarily used as a predictor to differentiate thunderstorm and non-thunderstorm days. The probability of occurrence of thunderstorm is higher when Total-Totals Index value is higher. While the exact prediction of thunderstorm in all the cases, using the TTI alone, is obviously not possible as TTI alone does not describe the total atmospheric conditions. However, a significant forecast can be furnished by using a threshold value of Total-Totals Index.
Water and heat unit requirement in different growth stages of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) at Bhopal
Authors: VERMA I. J. , DAS H. P. , JADHAV V. N.
Published: November 2021

In this study, ET data available on Soybean crop for Bhopal during 1991-95 have been utilized.  With regard to water need of the crop, the life span of soybean has been divided into five important growth stages viz., seedling up to 2 weeks after sowing (WAS), vegetative (3-8 WAS), flowering (9-10 WAS), pod development (11-13 WAS), and maturity (14-15 WAS). In this paper, consumptive use of water (ET), Water Use Efficiency (WUE), Heat Units (HU), Heat Use Efficiency (HUE) and crop coefficient (Kc) for different growth stages of the crop have been computed and discussed.

               The study revealed that on an average, Soybean crop consumed about 450 mm of water. The average WUE was found to be 3.23 kg /ha/mm. It was also observed that WUE does not depend only on the total amount of water consumed by the crop but also indicates the importance of its distribution during various growth stages. On an average, the crop consumed nearly 7%, 36%, 24%, 25% and 8% of water during seedling, vegetative, flowering, pod development and maturity stage respectively. The crop consumed maximum amount of water during vegetative stage. However, the average weekly ET rate was found to be highest during flowering stage (nearly 52 mm). Average heat unit requirement of soybean was found to be 1694 degree-days. Maximum heat units were required during vegetative stage (638 degree days) followed by pod development stage (358 degree days). The average HUE was found to be 0.86 kg/ha/degree days. Crop coefficient (Kc) values varied in the range 0.30 – 0.45, 0.55 – 0.90, 1.00 – 1.15, 0.85 – 0.70 and 0.55 – 0.40 during seedling, vegetative, flowering, pod development and maturity stage respectively. The crop coefficient values attained the peak during the flowering stage.
Implementasi Marketplace pada Penjualan Sayuran Organik
Authors: Herdi  , Sau Tenri , Syahrullah
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Patila Kecamatan Pammana. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini mulai bulan Januari sampai bulan Maret 2021.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara mengimplementasikan marketplace facebook dan mengetahui bagaimana penjualan terhadap hasil produksi sayuran organik pada usaha tani Tribis Farms di Desa Patila Kecamatan Pammana. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian studi kasus dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil yang dicapai dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah dengan adanya implementasi marketplace facebook, petani mampu memanfaatkan digital marketing untuk menjangkau berbagai elemen masyarakat sehingga akan mendapatkan lebih banyak konsumen guna untuk meningkatkan penjualan produk, dan membantu perluasan bisnis dengan cepat, dengan kata lain dapat memperluas pangsa pasar sesuai dengan tujuan pemasaran. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan adanya Implementasi marketplace facebook sebagai strategi pemasaran belum efektif terhadap pemasaran produk sayuran organik untuk meningkatkan penjualan produk dan memperluas pangsa pasar.
Efektivitas Berbagai Konsentrasi POH dan Dosis NPK pada Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Rahayu A. Anugrah , Rahmawati  , Sau Tenri
Published: November 2021

Kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) di Indonesia merupakan komoditas pertanian terpenting setelah kedelai yang memiliki peran strategis pangan nasional sebagai sumber protein dan minyak nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi atau campuran penggunaan kedua pupuk POH dan NPK terhadap peningkatan produksi tanaman kacang tanah Sulawesi Selatan khususnya yang dibudidayakan di daerah Kabupaten Wajo. Penggunaan pupuk POH dan Pupuk NPK pada budidaya tanaman kacang tanah sudah sering dilakukan, akan tetapi belum diketahui seberapa jauh pengaruh kombinasi atau campuran penggunaan kedua pupuk tersebut terhadap peningkatan produksi tanaman kacang tanah Sulawesi Selatan khususnya yang dibudidayakan di daerah Kabupaten Wajo. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan beberapa hal, yaitu: . konsentrasi POH 30 cc/liter air cenderung memberikan pertumbuhan  dan produksi terbaik pada semua parameter pengamatan tanaman kacang tanah, dosis NPK 100 kg/ha cenderung memberikan pertumbuhan dan produksi terbaik pada semua parameter pengamatan tanaman  kacang tanah, dan tidak terdapat interaksi konsentrasi POH dengan dosis pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kacang tanah tetapi cenderung memperlihatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi terbaik pada kombinasi perlakuan konsentrasi POH 30 cc/liter air dan dosis NPK 100 kg/ha (p3a1).
Adopsi Penerapan Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu (PTT) Padi Sawah di Kelompok Tani Bolie Kelurahan Salokaraja Kecamatan Lalabata Kabupaten Soppeng
Authors: A. Heriaty  , Triasni. AR Aprilia
Published: November 2021

Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu (PTT)  bertujuan untuk merubah perilaku petani dengan menggunakan pendekatan Experience Learning Cycle sebagai manifestasi dari sistem Pendidikan Orang Dewasa (Andragogy). Proses kebutuhan inovasi merupakan suatu proses mental sejak seseorang mulai pertama kali mengetahui adanya suatu inovasi, membentuk sikap terhadap inovasi tersebut, mengambil keputusan untuk mengadopsi atau menolak mengimplementasikan ide baru dan membuat konfirmasi atas keputusan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (i) Mengetahui dampak kegiatan Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu  terhadap peningkatan produksi bagi Petani di (ii) Mengetahui tingkat adopsi inovasi oleh petani di Kelurahan Salokaraja. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama lima bulan mulai April  hingga Agustus 2021 di Kelompok Tani Bolie Kelurahan Salokaraja melibatkan dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 orang. Metode penelitian melalui wawancara langsung pada petani sampel dengan metode purposive sampling, dimana analisis data menggunakan skala Likert. Dasil Kajian yang telah dilaksanakan diperoleh analisis data kuesioner petani adalah Persentase Peningkatan Produksi Gabah sebesar 60 % . Persentase Jumlah petani lain yang ikut mengadopsi Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu sebesar 61,66 % dan persentase Frekwensi Pertemuan antar petani  sebesar 74,16 %. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa pelaksanaan Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu bagi petani di Kelurahan Salokaraja, Kecamatan Lalabata, Kabupaten Soppeng memberikan dampak terhadap peningkatan produksi gabah dan penyerapan difusi inofasi teknologi yang diberikan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa teknologi Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu sudah diadopsi oleh petani yang dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan produksi usahatani padi sawah.
Strategi Usaha Pengembangan Persuteraan Alam di Kelurahan Walennae Kecamatan Sabbangparu Kabupaten Wajo
Authors: Hidayatullah Yayat , Haerunnisa  , Murmayani  , Syah Uswah Trywulan
Published: November 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merumuskan berbagai strategi untuk mengembangkan usaha persuteraan alam di kelurahan Walennae. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan cara mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh kuat terhadap usaha tersebut dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT (strenghts, weaknesses, opportunities, dan threats) berdasarkan pendapat dari para pakar yang mengetahui dengan baik mengenai usaha persuteraan alam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk pengembangan usaha persuteraan alam di Kelurrahan Walennae Kecamatan Sabbangparu Kabupaten Wajo  adalah dengan: Mempertahankan cara kerja usaha persuteraan alam yang bersifat padat karya yang dapat dikerjakan oleh pria ataupun wanita,  diversifikasi produk dari murbei maupun ulat sutera, dan  meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas produksi kokon. Dari hasil pengamatan analisis SWOT yang dihasilkan disarankan agar masyarakat, mahasiswa, organisasi, lembaga perusahaan, dan pemerintah dapat bekerjasama untuk menerapkan strategi tersebut untuk mengembangkan usaha persuteraan alam di Kelurahan Walennae.