bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Business-Model-Driven Approach to Task-Planning Knowledge Graph Construction
Authors: Jin Tianguo , Liu Xiaoqian , Zeng Bingxiang , Chen Xinglong , Zhang Dongliang
Published: November 2024

As the complexity of mission planning increases, relying on the subjective experience of planners is no longer sufficient to meet the needs of modern mission planning. Knowledge mapping, as a structured knowledge management technique, provides an effective solution for systematically integrating knowledge in the task-planning domain. The mission-planning business model is able to systematically capture and portray domain knowledge in mission planning through a formal representation of mission planning processes, rules, and constraints. Thus, it becomes an important source of knowledge for mission-planning knowledge mapping. This paper proposes a business-model-driven knowledge graph construction method for mission planning. First, under the support of conceptual business knowledge, the multidimensional task-planning ontology network expression method is utilized to construct the task-planning ontology network, and then the data-based business knowledge is structured to transform it into business data mapping to complete the acquisition of business knowledge. Then, the task-planning ontology network is constructed using the multidimensional task-planning ontology network representation method under the support of conceptual knowledge. Subsequently, a domain knowledge categorization algorithm based on Ullman subgraph matching is used to realize the matching mapping between the ontology network and business data mapping to complete the categorization of task-planning domain knowledge. Finally, the generated task-planning domain knowledge graph is stored in the Neo4j graph database. In order to ensure the completeness of the knowledge graph, an adaptive adjustment method based on its actual effectiveness is conceived, which is able to detect and adjust the completeness of the knowledge graph. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is validated by constructing a space-station mission-planning knowledge graph driven by a space-station mission-planning business model.
Joint Object Detection and Multi-Object Tracking Based on Hypergraph Matching
Authors: Cui Zhoujuan , Dai Yuqi , Duan Yiping , Tao Xiaoming
Published: November 2024

Addressing the challenges in online multi-object tracking algorithms under complex scenarios, where the independence among feature extraction, object detection, and data association modules leads to both error accumulation and the difficulty of maintaining visual consistency for occluded objects, we have proposed an end-to-end multi-object tracking method based on hypergraph matching (JDTHM). Initially, a feature extraction and object detection module is introduced to achieve preliminary localization and description of the objects. Subsequently, a deep feature aggregation module is designed to extract temporal information from historical tracklets, amalgamating features from object detection and feature extraction to enhance the consistency between the current frame features and the tracklet features, thus preventing identity swaps and tracklet breaks caused by object detection loss or distortion. Finally, a data association module based on hypergraph matching is constructed, integrating with object detection and feature extraction into a unified network, transforming the data association problem into a hypergraph matching problem between the tracklet hypergraph and the detection hypergraph, thereby achieving end-to-end model optimization. The experimental results demonstrate that this method has yielded favorable qualitative and quantitative analysis results on three multi-object tracking datasets, thereby validating its effectiveness in enhancing the robustness and accuracy of multi-object tracking tasks.
Impact of Hearing Loss Type on Linguistic Development in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Porcar-Gozalbo Nadia , López-Zamora Miguel , Valles-González Beatriz , Cano-Villagrasa Alejandro
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Hearing loss in childhood is associated with significant challenges in linguistic and cognitive development, particularly affecting language skills such as syntax, semantics, and pragmatics, which are essential for effective communication and social integration. This study aimed to analyze how different types and degrees of hearing loss impact linguistic development in children, and to identify clinical factors—such as age at diagnosis and years of language intervention—that may predict language performance. Methods: This study included a sample of 140 children aged 6 to 12, categorized into seven groups based on their hearing condition: unilateral and bilateral conductive, unilateral and bilateral sensorineural, unilateral and bilateral mixed hearing loss, and a control group with no hearing loss. Linguistic development was assessed using the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-5 (CELF-5), a validated tool for diagnosing language disorders. Statistical analyses, including MANOVA and multiple regression, were conducted to evaluate differences in linguistic skills across groups and to determine the predictive value of clinical variables on total language performance. Results: The analysis revealed statistically significant differences across groups in all assessed linguistic domains (p < 0.001), with children with severe or bilateral hearing loss exhibiting notably lower scores compared to normohearing peers. The multiple regression analysis indicated that type of hearing loss was the strongest predictor of total linguistic performance (β = −0.674), followed by age at diagnosis (β = −0.285) and age of hearing device adaptation (β = −0.220). Years of language intervention also contributed significantly (β = 0.198) but to a lesser extent. Conclusions: This study highlights the critical impact of early and comprehensive auditory and language intervention on linguistic outcomes for children with hearing impairments. Early diagnosis and timely adaptation of hearing aids or cochlear implants are essential in mitigating language deficits, particularly in areas like syntax and pragmatic skills. These findings support the need for specialized, long-term interventions tailored to the severity and type of hearing loss to improve language development in this population.
Modeling and Analysis of Current Loading Effects on Electric Vehicle’s Lithium-Ion Batteries: A MATLAB-Based Model Approach
Authors: Folorunso Oladipo , Sadiku Rotimi , Hamam Yskandar , Kupolati Williams
Published: November 2024

Beyond portable mobile devices, lithium-ion batteries play a crucial role in electric vehicle operations and stationary grid power generation. However, the aging of lithium-ion batteries, often accelerated by extreme temperatures and load current influences, requires thorough examination and solution. The high load current, cycling, temperature differential, and operational conditions are factors contributing to the reduction in capacity and shortened lifespan of lithium-ion batteries. In this study, a lithium-ion (LiNixMnyCozO2) battery was modeled by using the MATLAB/Simulink model technique. In order to investigate the effect of resistance build-up in the batteries, the capacity of the batteries (old and new batteries) was analyzed over different usage periods: 360 cycles, 1000 cycles, and 2000 cycles. A cooling system was introduced to explicitly carry out an inductive analysis of the effect of temperature on the performances of the batteries. The effect of load current on the capacity of the battery was examined between 30 A and 100 A. The results showed that the available capacity of a battery is proportional to its usage rate. Generally, when the load current on the batteries (old and new batteries) was 30 A, the battery was ideally in good health even after 1000 cycles for a 2 h discharge time. In addition, the old battery, however, showed a capacity decrease to about 74.15% and 74.94% for scenarios 1 and 2 after 1000 cycles for a 2 h discharge time when the batteries were subjected to a 100 A discharge current. Amongst other factors, scenarios 1 and 2 can be differentiated by whether the battery pack discharges uniformly or non-uniformly, whether the individual cells operate under the same or different discharge cycles, and whether the batteries are with cooling or without a cooling system. The voltage and temperature differences between the old and new batteries, after 2000 cycles for the 100 A load current, are 4.0 V and 5.3 °C (scenario 2), respectively. Moreover, after 360 cycles at a 100 A discharge current, the temperature difference between the old and new batteries was 4.5 °C in scenario 1 and 2.3 °C in scenario 2. Based on the results obtained in this study, useful equations for proper calibration, voltage, and cooling switching time characteristics were proposed. Additionally, the study results indicated that at higher load currents, battery degradation became less affected by temperature differentials. The results of this study will aid in the adequate load optimization and thermal management of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Effects of Extreme Temperature on Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells in 3D Printed Samples
Authors: Rahman Taieba Tuba , Wood Nathan , Pei Zhijian , Qin Hongmin
Published: November 2024

This paper reports an experimental study on the effects of extreme temperature on human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells encapsulated in 3D printed samples. Well plates of the 3D printed samples were exposed to three levels of temperature (37 °C, 45 °C, and 55 °C, respectively) for a duration of 10 min. Cells’ responses, specifically cell viability and oxidative stress, were quantified using Hoechst 33342, Sytox, and Mitosox stains, with intensity measurements obtained via a plate reader. In addition, cell viability was assessed through microscopic imaging of the 3D printed samples. Experimental results demonstrated that the temperature increase from 37 °C to 55 °C significantly reduced nuclear integrity as observed through Hoechst 33342 intensity, while increased Sytox intensity reflected a higher degree of cell death. Furthermore, cells exposed to 45 °C and 55 °C exhibited decreased cell viability and elevated mitochondrial oxidative stress. These findings offer valuable insights into the effects of extreme temperature on HBE cells, establishing a foundation for future research into how respiratory tissues respond to thermal stress. This research can potentially advance the knowledge regarding effects of heat exposure on the respiratory system.
Non-Contact Stable Arterial Pulse Measurement Using mmWave Array Radar
Authors: Geng Fanglin , Bai Zhongrui , Zhang Hao , Liu Changyu , Wang Peng , Li Zhenfeng , Du Lidong , Chen Xianxiang , Fang Zhen
Published: November 2024

Pulse signals can serve as important indicators of one’s cardiovascular condition. However, capturing signals with stable morphology using radar under varying measurement periods remains a significant challenge. This paper reports a non-contact arterial pulse measurement method based on mmWave radar, with stable signals achieved through a range–angle focusing algorithm. A total of six subjects participated in the experiment, and the results showed that, under different measurement times, the pulse morphology of the same body part for each subject had good consistency, reaching a correlation of over 0.84, and four selected pulse signs remained stable. This is a quantitative assessment revealing a high correlation in pulse morphology measured by radar over different periods. In addition, the influence of array size and measurement distance was analyzed, providing a reference of array selection for research work with different requirements. This work offers an effective reference framework for long-term pulse measurement using radar technology.
Trueness and Internal Fit of 3D Printed Provisional Veneers: An In Vitro Comparative Study
Authors: Anghel-Lorinți Anca-Elena , Faur Andrei-Bogdan , Rotar Raul N. , Jivănescu Anca
Published: November 2024

Dentistry is steadily evolving along the digital pathway at a constant and sure pace. Intraoral scanners (IOSs) started to enhance the precision and trueness of the restorations, making prosthodontics treatment more predictable. The objective of this study was to compare the trueness and internal fit of the printed provisional veneers for 60 preparations with three different types of finish lines. The abutments were scanned with the same intraoral scanner, and the resulting meshes were overlapped and analyzed in metrology software. The comparison was executed using two methods: (1) CAD (computer-aided design) designs vs. scanned veneers and (2) inverted surfaces of the preparations vs. scanned veneers. The butt joint preparation had the best trueness out of the three groups of preparation during both comparison methods, although there was no statistically significant difference between the butt joint and feather edge groups in the CAD design vs. scanned veneers analysis. Also, there was no statistically significant difference between palatal chamfer and feather edge groups in the scanned veneers vs. inverted surfaces of the preparations analysis.
TGF-β3 Restrains Osteoclastic Resorption Through Autophagy
Authors: Liao Hui , Pan Yiqin , Liu Yiming , Li Yuxiao , Huang Shiyi , Ding Shan , Xiang Qi
Published: November 2024

While TGF-β3 promoted defect healing in a primate baboon skull defect model and patients, it remains unclear whether TGF-β3 affects the formation of osteoclasts and bone resorption between osteogenesis and osteolysis. Analysis of the full transcriptome of hPDLSCs (human periodontal ligament stem cells) revealed that the expression of RANKL was significantly up-regulated after TGF-β3 treatment during osteogenesis, which suggests its involvement in clock-controlled autophagy in bone metabolism. TRAP staining and bone resorption lacunae were used to assess the osteoclasts formed from RANKL-induced differentiated BMMs. During osteoclast differentiation, the characteristics of autophagy regulated by TGF-β3 were observed in BMMs through MDC staining, transmission electron microscopy, and LC3 immunofluorescence. The expression of related genes and proteins were detected on the sixth day in mCherry-EGFP-LC3B lentivirus-transfected BMMs using RT-qPCR and WB. Finally, a trans-well co-culture system was used to evaluate the effects of osteogenic differentiated hPDLSCs treated with TGF-β3 on the osteoclastic differentiation of BMMs. The results showed 10 ng/mL of TGF-β3 significantly suppressed osteoclastic differentiation and bone resorption in BMMs (p < 0.05 vs. RANKL). In particular, TGF-β3 augments the expression of LC3-II to stimulate autophagy, consequently restraining osteoclastic resorption. These findings provide a molecular basis and are beneficial to illustrate the potential druggability of TGF-β3 in osteoporotic diseases.
Long-Term Success of Dental Implants in Atrophic Maxillae: A 3-Year Case Series Using Hydroxyapatite and L-PRF
Authors: Alves Marco Andre Lomba , Both Jakson , Mourão Carlos Fernando , Ghiraldini Bruna , Bezerra Fabio , Granjeiro Jose Mauro , Sartoretto Suelen Cristina , Calasans-Maia Monica Diuana
Published: November 2024

Dental implants are essential for the prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous patients, requiring adequate bone volume and density for osseointegration and load support. The posterior region of the maxilla, commonly deficient in bone quality and quantity, represents a clinical challenge. This case series reports an analysis involving 69 dental implants in the atrophic maxilla of nine patients. The procedures adopted combined alloplastic hydroxyapatite grafting and leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) applied to the alveolar ridge and maxillary sinus lift. With an average follow up of three years after the installation of the prostheses, an implant success rate of 98.5% was observed, showing integration and functional stability. The strategy of combining hydroxyapatite with L-PRF proved to be effective in increasing bone volume and promoting osseointegration. These findings indicate that the technique and biomaterials are viable for rehabilitating atrophic maxillae in the posterior region, offering long-lasting clinical results and a high success rate.
Para-Anastomotic Pseudoaneurysms as a Long-Term Complication After Surgical Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease: Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Treatment
Authors: Łacna Julia , Serafin Michał , Łyko-Morawska Dorota , Szostek Julia , Stańczyk Dariusz , Kania Iga , Mąka Magdalena , Kuczmik Waclaw
Published: November 2024

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is becoming an increasingly prevalent clinical issue, leading to a growing number of patients requiring surgical interventions. Consequently, there is an increasing occurrence of para-anastomotic aneurysms as late complications following primary treatment for PAD. These aneurysms typically arise at the sites of graft implantation and necessitate individualized management strategies based on factors such as location, size, and the patient’s overall condition. Materials and Methods: This five-year retrospective study, conducted at a single center, aimed to evaluate the anatomical location, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and management strategies for 55 patients treated for femoral and popliteal artery para-anastomotic pseudoaneurysms of the lower limb between January 2018 and June 2024. Treatment approaches were determined based on aneurysm size, the extent of atherosclerosis, and the patient’s surgical risk. This study analyzed patient demographics, surgical techniques, postoperative complications, and aneurysm characteristics. Results: Most pseudoaneurysms occurred between 6 and 10 years after the primary procedure. The most common surgical intervention was aneurysmectomy with graft interposition, performed in 46 patients (83.64%), followed by aneurysmectomy with extra-anatomical bypass in 6 patients (10.91%), and endovascular repair (EVAR) in 3 patients (5.45%). Early postoperative complications occurred in 16.36% of patients. The 12-month freedom from graft stenosis was 87.23%, and freedom from anastomotic aneurysm recurrence at 12 months was 100%. Conclusions: This study highlights the critical need for individualized treatment strategies and ongoing surveillance in managing lower-limb para-anastomotic pseudoaneurysms, particularly given the prevalence of lower-limb pain and the high occurrence of such in the common femoral artery. The favorable long-term graft patency rates observed suggest that aneurysmectomy with graft interposition is an effective intervention, reinforcing its role as the primary approach within this patient population.
Development of a Sensitive and Reliable Meso Scale Discovery-Based Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay to Quantify TDP-43 in Human Biofluids
Authors: An Jiyan , Gopalakrishnan Lathika , Ortega Vanessa , Saul Justin , Kadali Renu , Bowser Robert
Published: November 2024

Transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is a major component of pathological inclusions in various neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. The detection of TDP-43 in biofluids is crucial for the development of diagnostic and prognostic indicators of disease and therapeutic development for TDP-43-related proteinopathies. Despite its potential as a biomarker for numerous neurological disorders, the lack of a sensitive and reproducible TDP-43 assay hinders progress in TDP-43-based therapy development, underscoring the need for an effective and standardized method for accurate quantification. Addressing the limitations of sensitivity and reproducibility in existing assays, in this study, we developed and validated a highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay on the Meso Scale Discovery platform. The assay demonstrated the detection of full-length TDP-43 in human biofluids with a limit of detection of 4pg/mL, a working range of 4–20,000 pg/mL, and a total assay time of 16 h. In this study, we developed and validated a sensitive immunoassay for the detection of full-length TDP-43 in human biofluids using the Meso Scale Discovery platform. We used this immunoassay to quantify TDP-43 levels in the plasma and serum of healthy controls and ALS patients. Our results indicate a reduction in full-length TDP-43 in the blood of ALS patients compared to healthy controls.
Relationship Satisfaction, Attachment, and Perinatal Depression in Women of Color: A Quantitative Investigation
Authors: Mahdavishahri Reihaneh , Gutierrez Dumayi
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among relationship satisfaction, perceived attachment injury, and perinatal depression for Women of Color (WOC) who have given birth within the last 12 months. In addition, this study aimed to examine the impact of relationship satisfaction and romantic attachment quality on these mothers’ attachments to their newborns. The sample consisted of 120 WOC with perinatal depression. Linear regression and hierarchical multiple regression were used for data analysis. The results indicated that (a) lower relationship satisfaction is predicted with higher severity of perinatal depression, (b) attachment insecurity predicts the severity of perinatal depression, and (c) relationship dissatisfaction, attachment insecurity, and a disrupted attachment bond between mothers and their newborns are predictive of perinatal depression. The results of this study have significant implications for couple and family therapists addressing the needs of pregnant and postpartum WOC. Ultimately, fostering healthy couple relationships during these critical times can play a crucial role in enhancing maternal mental health and overall family wellbeing.
Typology Visual Guidelines for Transit-Oriented Development 3-D Incentive Zoning in East Asian Metropolitan Cities—A Case Study of Shanghai Subway-Adjacent Plots
Authors: Zhou Yuchen , Liu Anqi , Shen Runtian , Yan Yu
Published: November 2024

The revitalization and renewal of existing urban space is a primary objective in the redevelopment of high-density transit-oriented development (TOD) areas. In this context, offering incentive zoning bonuses is a critical tool for optimizing urban space. However, in some subway-adjacent plots with high building densities, traditional incentive zoning methods face limitations due to insufficient horizontal space. These areas increasingly rely on multi-ground public spaces to balance density with public services. This study investigates new methods of incentive zoning between commercial areas and public spaces in multi-ground public spaces within subway-adjacent plots, using 33 rail transit complexes in Shanghai, China, as the research subject. The findings are presented in the form of visual guidelines to provide guidance on architectural control, with the goal of enhancing the quality of urban public spaces. In this research, a multiple linear regression model is employed, using GNCS_AR (the ratio of ground non-commercial stay to area), which captures both efficiency and equity in public space quality, as the dependent variable. A model is developed in SPSS, incorporating independent variables such as TCA (total commercial area), POS (public open space area), PIS (public indoor space area), and MGZFs (multi-ground zoned floors). This model provides a framework for developers to manage and control public space in multi-ground settings within rail transit complexes. Research has found that MGZFs alone cannot be included as the independent variable in the model, as their absence leaves the model unable to explain three-dimensional spaces. However, incorporating the ratio of RIOPS (the ratio of indoor to outdoor public space) to MGZFs significantly improves the model’s correlation and explanatory capacity. The resulting model demonstrates that, under different POS and MGZF tiers, the influence of PIS and TCA on public space quality varies. Using a typological approach, the study categorizes these complexes into five tiers based on POS and MGZFs. Within the same tier, changes in PIS and TCA types lead to variations in public space quality. The empirical results are translated into diagrams that link data, forms, and indicators to guide the development of three-dimensional spaces. These diagrams, which can be named visual guidelines, provide practical guidelines for optimizing public spaces in these subway-adjacent plots.
Fatigue Performance Evaluation of Warm-Mixed Rubber Asphalt Mixture for Stress Absorption Layer in Cold Area
Authors: Pan Rui
Published: November 2024

Based on the composition design of warm-mixed rubber asphalt mixture and the analysis of the influence of warm mixing on the road performance of warm-mixed rubber asphalt mixture, the fatigue performance of warm-mixed rubber asphalt mixture is studied in this paper. The effects of gradation, asphalt dosage, and strain level on the fatigue life of the mixture are analyzed. Based on a comparative analysis of the fatigue life of warm-mixed and hot-mixed rubber asphalt mixture before aging, it is concluded that the fatigue performance of hot-mixed rubber asphalt mixture is slightly better than that of warm-mixed rubber asphalt mixture. The effect of aging on the fatigue performance of warm-mixed and hot-mixed rubber asphalt mixture is analyzed, and it is concluded that the fatigue durability of aging hot-mixed rubber asphalt mixture decreases much faster than that of warm-mixed rubber asphalt mixture. Based on a comparative analysis of the fatigue performance of three kinds of asphalt mixture used as a stress absorption layer, it is concluded that the fatigue performance of warm-mixed rubber asphalt mixture is basically the same as that of hot-mixed rubber asphalt mixture, but much higher than that of SBS-modified asphalt mixture. A warm-mixed agent can slow down the decreasing rate of fatigue performance of rubber asphalt mixture and improve the aging resistance of rubber asphalt mixture.
Tuning of Acid/Base Functionalities in the MgAlO System for Ethanol Upgrade to n-Butanol
Authors: Hucal Adrian M. , Tian Wei , Ascherl Pierre-Christof , Herrera José E.
Published: November 2024

Hydrotalcite-derived mixed metal oxides (MgAlO)-based catalysts are used for the catalytic upgrade of ethanol to butanol which adjust the catalyst structure and number of relevant active sites through changes in the Mg/Al ratio. By performing a series of reaction activity tests, kinetic experiments, FTIR characterization, CO2-TGA analysis, and in situ active center titration, qualitative and quantitative relationships between catalyst structure and catalytic performance are obtained. We found the MgAlO mixed metal oxide system can catalyze the ethanol-to-butanol process through a Guerbet reaction pathway, though the process is kinetically limited. The data suggest that strong basic centers hosted in Mg-O sites are the most catalytically relevant function in the MgAlO material, as they control enolate formation, which is likely the rate limiting step of the aldol condensation stage in the Guerbet reaction.
Open-Source Equipment Design for Cost-Effective Redox Flow Battery Research
Authors: Dung Trinh V. , Huyen Nguyen T. T. , Huynh Nguyen L. T. , Binh Nguyen T. , Dat Nguyen T. , Nga Nguyen T. T. , Lan Nguyen T. , Tran Hoang V. , Mai Nguyen T. T. , Huynh Chinh D.
Published: November 2024

Redox flow batteries (RFBs), with distinct characteristics that are suited for grid-scale applications, stand at the forefront of potential energy solutions. However, progress in RFB technology is often impeded by their prohibitive cost and the limited availability of essential research and development test cells. Addressing this bottleneck, we present herein an open-source device tailored for RFB laboratory research. Our proposed device significantly lowers the financial barriers to research and enhances the accessibility of vital equipment for RFB studies. Employing innovative fabrication methods such as laser cutting, 3D printing, and CNC machining, a versatile and efficient flow cell has been designed and fabricated. Furthermore, our open laboratory research equipment comprises the Opensens potentiostat, charge/discharge testing devices, peristaltic pumps, and inexpensive rotating electrodes. Every individual element contributes significantly to the establishment of an all-encompassing experimental configuration that is both economical and efficient, thereby facilitating expedited progress in RFB research and development.
Echocardiographic Assessment of Biventricular Mechanics of Fetuses and Infants of Gestational Diabetic Mothers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sonaglioni Andrea , Bruno Antonino , Nicolosi Gian Luigi , Bianchi Stefano , Lombardo Michele , Muti Paola
Published: November 2024

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common complication in pregnancy, representing a serious risk for the mother and fetus. Identifying new biomarkers to ameliorate the screening and improving GDM diagnosis and treatment is crucial. During the last decade, a few studies have used speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) for assessing the myocardial deformation properties of fetuses (FGDM) and infants (IGDM) of GDM women, providing not univocal results. Accordingly, we performed a meta-analysis to examine the overall influence of GDM on left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) in both FGDM and IGDM. Methods: All echocardiographic studies assessing conventional echoDoppler parameters and biventricular strain indices in FGDM and IGDM vs. infants born to healthy pregnant women, selected from PubMed and EMBASE databases, were included. The studies performed on FGDM and IGDM were separately analyzed. The subtotal and overall standardized mean differences (SMDs) in LV-GLS and RV-GLS in FGDM and IGDM studies were calculated using the random-effect model. Results: The full texts of 18 studies with 1046 babies (72.5% fetuses) born to GDM women and 1573 babies of women with uncomplicated pregnancy (84.5% fetuses) were analyzed. Compared to controls, FGDM/IGDM were found with a significant reduction in both LV-GLS [average value −18.8% (range −11.6, −24.2%) vs. −21.5% (range −11.8, −28%), p < 0.05)] and RV-GLS [average value −19.7% (range −13.7, −26.6%) vs. −22.4% (range −15.5, −32.6%), p <0.05)]. Large SMDs were obtained for both LV-GLS and RV-GLS studies, with an overall SMD of −0.91 (95%CI −1.23, −0.60, p < 0.001) and −0.82 (95%CI −1.13, −0.51, p < 0.001), respectively. Substantial heterogeneity was detected for both LV-GLS and RV-GLS studies, with an overall I2 statistic value of 92.0% and 89.3%, respectively (both p < 0.001). Egger’s test gave a p-value of 0.10 for LV-GLS studies and 0.78 for RV-GLS studies, indicating no publication bias. In the meta-regression analysis, none of the moderators (gestational age, maternal age, maternal body mass index, maternal glycosylated hemoglobin, white ethnicity, GDM criteria, ultrasound system, frame rate, FGDM/IGDM heart rate, and anti-diabetic treatment) were significantly associated with effect modification in both groups of studies (all p > 0.05). The sensitivity analysis supported the robustness of the results. Conclusions: GDM is independently associated with biventricular strain impairment in fetuses and infants of gestational diabetic mothers. STE analysis may allow for the early detection of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in FGDM/IGDM.
Synergistic Protection of Vitamin B Complex and Alpha-Lipoic Acid Against Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury: Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Rats
Authors: Seğmen Fatih , Aydemir Semih , Küçük Onur , Parpucu Ümit Murat , Dokuyucu Recep
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of vitamin B complex and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) pre-treatments on hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats, focusing on their potential to enhance antioxidant defense mechanisms and reduce post-ischemic liver damage. Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: sham group (n = 10), IRI group (n = 10), vitamin B group (n = 10), vitamin B + ALA group (n = 10). In the IRI, vitamin B, and vitamin B + ALA groups, the rats underwent 45 min of hepatic ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured. Additionally, serum total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were assessed, and the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Liver tissue samples were collected for morphological evaluation. In the vitamin B and vitamin B + ALA groups, ALT, AST, urea, creatinine and LDH levels were better compared with the IRI group but the difference was statistically significant for only LDH levels in the vitamin B group and ALT, urea, and LDH levels in the vitamin B + ALA group (p < 0.05). The lowest TOS and OSI levels were reported in the vitamin B and vitamin B + ALA groups and these groups had statistically significantly higher TAS compared with the sham and IRI groups (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that a vitamin B complex alone or a vitamin B complex + ALA combination reduces post-ischemic hepatic injury by enhancing the anti-oxidative status. The low dose of ALA may be a co-factor in these results and studies with larger doses of ALA are required to determine its effects on IRI of the liver.
Effects of Temperature and Frequency on Fretting Wear Behavior of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel Before and After Plasma Carburization
Authors: Sun Lu , Li Yuandong , Cao Chi , Bi Guangli , Luo Xiaomei , Qiu Jin
Published: November 2024

Double-glow low-temperature plasma carburization (LTPC) was utilized to prepare a carburized layer (PC) on a 316L austenitic stainless steel (ASS) surface, and the fretting wear behavior was evaluated at various temperatures and frequencies. The friction coefficient curves could be divided into running-in, wear, and stable stages. With increasing temperature, the wear mechanism of 316L ASS changed from adhesive and abrasive wear to adhesive wear, accompanied by plastic deformation, fatigue peeling, and oxidative wear. The carburized layer had an adhesive wear, plastic deformation, fatigue peeling, and oxidative wear mechanism. As the frequency increased, 316L ASS showed an adhesive wear, fatigue peeling, and oxidative wear mechanism. With increasing frequency, the wear mechanism of PC changed from abrasive and adhesive wear to abrasive wear, adhesive wear, and fatigue peeling, accompanied by oxidative wear. The carburized layer generally showed lower frictional energy dissipation coefficients and wear rates than 316L ASS. This work demonstrated that plasma carburization could improve the fretting wear stability and resistance of 316L ASS. The rise in frictional temperature, the tribo-chemical reaction time, and the evolution of debris collectively influenced the wear mechanisms and wear morphologies of 316L ASS before and after plasma carburization. This could provide theoretical support for the fretting damage behaviors of ball valves under severe service conditions.
Clinical and Psychological Aspects of Piercing: A Cross-Sectional Study with Special Attention to Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptoms, Appearance Anxiety, Body Image Perception and Self-Esteem
Authors: Putek Justyna , Szepietowski Jacek C.
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to measure the level of self-esteem among individuals with piercings, evaluate body image perception, and screen the study group for body dysmorphic disorder symptoms. Two hundred and six individuals from Poland completed the Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI), Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire-Dermatology Version (BDDQ-DV), Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS), and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES). Differences between groups were determined using a two-sample t-test, post-hoc chi-square test with Bonferroni’s adjustment, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the Mann–Whitney test. One hundred ninety-six (95.1%) respondents were females, and 10 (4.9%) were males, aged from 15 to 48 years (mean age ± SD = 23.1 ± 6.4 years). Of the respondents, 25.7% screened positive for BDD symptoms according to the AAI and 29.1% screened positive according to the BDDQ-DV. According to the FAS, significantly lower body image was presented by individuals with psychiatric treatment (3.8 ± 0.9 vs. 4.1 ± 0.7, p < 0.05) and by respondents who screened positive for BDD symptoms. Significantly lower self-esteem was reported in individuals with psychiatric comorbidities, psychiatric treatment, and in the BDD-groups according to the RSES (AAI: 24.0 ± 5.6 vs. 30.9 ± 6.0; p < 0.001; BDDQ-DV: 24.0 ± 5.8 vs. 31.3 ± 3.7; p < 0.001). In conclusion, individuals with piercings should be regarded as a group with an increased risk for BDD symptoms.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Oral Hygiene Status of Children with High Caries Risk and Their Parents
Authors: Hatipoğlu Palaz Zeliha , Aktaş Nagehan , Atabek Didem
Published: November 2024

Background: People consumed more sugary foods and neglected oral hygiene during the lockdowns due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The study aimed to compare the oral hygiene status and dietary habits of children with high caries risk and their parents before and after COVID-19. Methods: The study was conducted with the parents of 155 children aged 3–5 years. A questionnaire including both the children’s and parents’ dietary and oral hygiene habits was completed by the parents. Decay, missing, filling teeth (dmft/DMFT) status of the children was recorded before and after COVID-19. Results: A significant decrease was observed in the parents’ tooth brushing frequency (p = 0.028), while no difference was observed in the children’s brushing frequency before and after COVID-19 (p = 0.216). Both children and parents ate significantly more frequently (p = 0.047, p = 0.043). dmft/DMFT values increased significantly after COVID-19 (p = 0.005). Conclusions: The study showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had a limited effect on tooth brushing habits in children with high caries risk. Additionally, it resulted in increased consumption of sugary foods among both children and parents, exacerbating caries in children aged 3–5 years. Healthcare professionals and parents can work together to mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on oral health, especially for high-caries-risk children.
Genetically Distinct Rice Lines for Specific Characters as Revealed by Gene-Associated Average Pairwise Dissimilarity
Authors: Fu Yong-Bi
Published: November 2024

Broadening the genetic base of an elite breeding gene pool is one important goal in a successful long-term plant breeding program. This goal is largely achieved through the search for and introgression of exotic germplasm with adaptive traits. However, little is known about the genetic backgrounds of acquired exotic germplasm, as germplasm selection is mainly based on trait information. Here, we expanded an average pairwise dissimilarity (APD) analysis to samples with SNP genotypes associated with genes for specific characters of breeding interest. Specifically, we explored a gene-associated APD analysis in a genomic characterization of 2643 rice lines based on their published FASTQ data. Published contigs for cloned genes conditioning heat tolerance, cold tolerance, fertility, and seed size were downloaded as gene reference sequences for SNP calling, along with those SNP calls based on the rice reference genome and published indels. Totally, eight SNP or indel data sets were formed for each of three sample groups (All2643, Indica1789, and Japonica854). APD estimation was made for each of the 24 data sets. For each sample group, four novel sets of the 25 most genetically distinct rice lines, each for an assayed character, were identified. Further analyses of APD estimates also revealed some interesting APD properties. Four contig-based SNP data sets for four specific characters displayed similar APD frequency distributions and positive high correlations of APD estimates. Contig-based APD estimates were negatively correlated with genome-based APD estimates and nearly uncorrelated with indel-based APD estimates. These findings are significant for plant germplasm characterization and germplasm utilization in plant breeding.
Properties of Cement-Based Materials Incorporating Ground-Recycled Diatom
Authors: Rodriguez Carlos , Fernandez Fernando , Rodriguez Roberto , Sanchez Marina , Gómez Pablo , Martí Felipe , Hernández Miriam , Miñano Isabel , Parra Carlos , Benito Francisco , Beleña Irene
Published: November 2024

This research investigates the use of recycled diatomaceous earth (diatomite) from the wine, beer, and oil industries as supplementary cementitious materials in cement-based mixtures. This study aims to reduce embodied energy and promote circular economy practices by incorporating these industrial by-products. The research evaluates the compressive strength, durability, and pozzolanic activity of the mixtures over 7, 28, and 90 days of hydration. The results demonstrate that uncalcined diatoms from wine and oil showed lower compressive strength than natural diatomite, whereas calcination at 500 °C significantly improved performance. Beer diatoms exhibited the lowest mechanical strength because of the organic matter content in their composition. The incorporation of quicklime failed to induce pozzolanic activity in uncalcined diatoms; however, calcination at 500 °C led to improved long-term performance, highlighting the importance of heat treatment for activating diatoms’ pozzolanic properties. This study concludes that recycled diatoms, particularly when calcined, have potential as sustainable cementitious materials.
A Comprehensive Clinical Assessment of the LumiraDx International Normalized Ratio (INR) Assay for Point-of-Care Monitoring in Anticoagulation Therapy
Authors: Munir Riffat , Schapkaitz Elise , Noble Lara , Loonat Sakina , McCree Melanie , Ali Nazeer , Jacobson Barry , Stevens Wendy Susan , Scott Lesley Erica
Published: November 2024

Background: The International Normalized Ratio (INR) monitors anticoagulant treatment but relies on laboratory-based services. This could limit access to rapid monitoring and increase the diagnostic delay, both of which may be addressed by point-of-care testing (POCT). This study investigated the LumiraDx POC platform for INR monitoring. Methods: INR was measured on recalcified residual venous (n = 94) specimens from Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital and capillary blood specimens (n = 254) from consenting enrolled participants at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital Anticoagulation clinic, Johannesburg, South Africa. Standard-of-care (SOC) INR was measured on sodium-citrated venous blood using the Sysmex-CS2500 platform (Siemens Healthcare) and Neoplastin-R (Roche Diagnostics and Diagnostica Stago, Paris, France) within 2 h post-venipuncture. Within run, precision was measured using 2 LumiraDx control levels. The statistical agreement of paired INR measurements was also stratified by dosing decision. Results: The precision was within the manufacturer’s claim for controls (level 1%CV: 3.63, level 2%CV: 2.24). Accuracy analysis showed a moderate overall agreement compared to the SOC INR results with a correlation coefficient of 0.94 (95% Cl, (0.9267 to 0.9497)). The overall precision (ρ > 0.9) and accuracy (Cb = 0.9842) were good with an absolute bias of 0.07. The 95% confidence intervals for the slope and intercept did not include 1.00 and 0.00, respectively; however, the total calculated error was within the minimal acceptable limits. Conclusion: The LumiraDx INR Test showed a good performance compared to laboratory-based testing and provided opportunity for rapid and patient-centric care. Owing to an increasing positive bias for INR > 3.5, confirmation with laboratory INR measurements may be required.
Impact of Autism on the Relation Between Sleep and Life Satisfaction in Japanese Adults
Authors: Shimizu Yuji , Yoshida Tomokatsu , Ito Keiko , Terada Kumiko , Sasaki Nagisa , Honda Eiko , Motomura Kazushi
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Sleep disorders, such as short sleep, are common comorbidities in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sleep quality and duration are directly associated with quality of life (QOL). Clarifying the influence of ASD on the association between short sleep duration and life satisfaction is an efficient way to improve the QOL of patients with ASD. Methods: To clarify the influence of ASD on the association between short sleep duration and life satisfaction scale scores, we conducted a web-based cross-sectional study involving 3823 Japanese adults aged 20–64 years. Results: In all the participants, a significant inverse association was observed between short sleep duration and life satisfaction. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of short sleep for one standard deviation (SD), the increment of life satisfaction scale (2.5 for men and 2.4 for women), was 0.76 (0.70, 0.82). When the analyses were stratified by ASD status, a significant inverse association was observed only among participants without ASD. The corresponding ORs (95% CIs) were 0.73 (0.67, 0.80) and 1.08 (0.85, 1.39) for those with and without ASD. Patients with ASD also showed a significant interaction effect on the association between short sleep duration and life satisfaction. Conclusions: Only participants without ASD showed a significant inverse association between short sleep duration and life satisfaction. Although further investigations are necessary, these results can help clarify the mechanism underlying the association between QOL, short sleep duration, and ASD.
Clinical Outcomes After Dental Surgery with Two Antiseptic Protocols
Authors: D’Agostino Silvia
Published: November 2024

Background: Little has been written in the literature about the clinical comparison between the single use of chlorhexidine (CHX) and its combination with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical effectiveness of two at-home antiseptic regimens. Methods: Healthy subjects scheduled for dental surgery were enrolled. After the surgery, patients were randomly allocated to the first group (group A), which received a manual ultrasoft toothbrush (Mentadent Professional®), an antiseptic toothpaste with 0.12% CHX and Vitamin B3 (Mentadent Professional Azione Intensiva Gengive®), and an antiseptic mouthwash with 0.12% CHX and 0.07% CPC. The second group (group B) solely received an antiseptic mouthwash with 0.2% CHX in conjunction with an anti-discoloration system (Curasept ADS/DNA®) and were encouraged to use their usual toothbrush and toothpaste. Patients were instructed to use the products twice a day and to rinse for 30 s. On day 7, patients were examined for the early healing score (EHS), visual plaque index (VPI) of the sutures, numerical rating scale (NRS), and mouthwash taste. Results: Group A showed a statistically significant level of EHS and taste satisfaction. VPI and NRS were different but not significant among the studied groups. Conclusions: The regimen based on CHX used in conjunction with vitamin B3 in the toothpaste and CPC in the mouthwash resulted in superior clinical outcomes and satisfaction compared to CHX alone.