bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL CASE OF IGG4-ASSOCIATED PANCREATITIS
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, ISKHAKOVA DILYARA G. , SUBKHANGULOVA DINARA O. ,   Kazan State Medical University, SAFINA DILYARA D. ,   Kazan Federal University, SHAYKHUTDINOVA ZULFIYA A. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, IBRAGIMOVA LILIYA M. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, KHAZOVA ELENA V. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. IgG4-associated pancreatitis is a rare chronic autoimmune disease characterized by pancreas infiltration with IgG4 cells and by an increased IgG4 level in blood serum. Aim. Present a clinical case of IgG4-associated pancreatitis. Materials and Methods. A clinical case is presented, describing IgG4-associated pancreatitis in a 22-year- old male patient. Results and Discussion. During the examination, the following conditions were excluded: Autoimmune liver diseases (ANA, ASMA IgG, LKM-1 IgG – negative, according to liver elastography, fibrosis 0) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (based on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography). Pancreas dimensions were enlarged (according to computed tomography: 41.5x29x36.5 mm, smoothed lobulation; hepatosplenomegaly, intraperitoneal lymphadenopathy, and ascites minor). Against the treatment (Mesalazine, Ferrum Lek, and prednisolone 60 mg intravenously, with a transition of 50 mg per day inside), positive changes were noticed (body temperature normalized, daily stool frequency decreased). Conclusions. The case presented demonstrates the difficulties in diagnosing IgG4-associated diseases. Combination of ulcerative colitis and IgG4-associated pancreatitis described in this paper further complicates the differential diagnostic search, but at the same time, it does not exclude possible common pathogeneses of various autoimmune diseases in this group of patients.
RUPTURE OF AN UNOPERATED UTERUS IN THE FIRST HALF OF PREGNANCY: A CLINICAL OBSERVATION
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, MINNULLINA FARIDA F. , MUKHAMETZYANOVA LILIYA M. ,   Kazan Federal University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Uterine rupture is a rare and life-threatening complication for patient and fetus. This pathology is mostly associated with pregnancy and occurs in late preterm periods, but there are also some cases of non-pregnant uterus ruptures described. Aim. This study is aimed at showing and analyzing the importance of uterine ruptures, even without any uterine scars and in the first half of pregnancy. Materials and Methods. This paper describes the clinical case of a multigravida patient with the rupture of unscarred uterus in the second trimester of pregnancy. Results and Discussion. A 32-year-old female patient was admitted to the department of gynecology at the gestational age of 16 weeks, complaining of severe abdominal pains, with the signs of intraabdominal bleeding. Histopathic rupture of the uterus was detected in the emergency laparotomy. Conclusions. Absence of uterine scars does not prevent from potential rupture of the uterus Timely diagnosis is necessary, and an emergency surgical intervention must be performed to save the patient’s life at any suspicion on uterine rupture. Even with early pregnancies, uterine rupture risks must be considered, especially regarding women with a history of uterine cavity surgeries. There is a question of the necessity to perform elective hysteroscopy during pregnancy planning to patients with the past history of uterine curettage
CASE REPORT ON SUCCESSFUL COLLABORATIVE THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY, MECHANICAL THROMBUS EXTRACTION, AND STENTING IN A PATIENT WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE IN THE TERRITORY OF THE RIGHT MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, VASKAEVA GULNAZ R. , VALEEA KADRIYA G. ,   City Clinical Hospital № 7, Kazan, MINGAZETDINOV MARAT A. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, YUSUPOV RAMIL I. ,   City Clinical Hospital № 7, Kazan, DANILOVA TATIANA V. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. As of today, acute cerebrovascular accident is still the most important medical and social challenge in the modern society, due to its high growth rates of morbidity, disability, and mortality. A highly proven method of ischemic stroke treatment is reperfusion therapy, including intravenous thrombolytic therapy and mechanical thrombus extraction. Thrombus extraction is a high–tech medical procedure aimed at removing blood clots, which is the most effective way to treat patients with ischemic stroke. Aim. To illustrate the efficiency of collaborative thrombolytic therapy, mechanical thrombus extraction, and stenting. Materials and Methods. The article presents a clinical case report on a patient with ischemic stroke in the territory of the right middle cerebral artery upon the successful collaborative thrombolytic therapy, mechanical thrombus extraction, and stenting. The patient’s neurological status was assessed, and neuroimaging was performed before and after thrombolytic therapy, mechanical thrombus extraction, and stenting; laboratory tests and instrumental investigations were carried out, and secondary prevention was prescribed. Results and Discussion. Due to the successful staged reperfusion therapy including intravenous thrombolytic therapy followed by mechanical thrombus extraction using a stent retriever, and stenting of the right internal carotid artery, the physicians managed to achieve the restoration of blood flow along the right middle cerebral artery with significant clinical regression of neurological deficit, which achievement demonstrated the effectiveness, safety, and expediency of using this treatment technique. Combining these methods is efficient for the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke caused by the major artery occlusions in the anterior parts of Willis circle. In centers of vascular medicine where there is no high-tech medical care, thrombolytic therapy is administered intravenously in one medical institution, and then the patient is transferred to another one where it is possible to perform mechanical thrombus extraction, or both reperfusion therapy techniques can be used within one medical institution. Conclusions. Collaboratively performing the above procedures illustrates their high efficiency and safety. Time elapsed from the disease onset to the treatment initiation is essential to successful recanalization.
TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19 AT THE POST-HOSPITAL STAGE USING HYPERBARIC OXYGENATION
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of continues education, PRASKURNICHY EVGENII A. , AGAPOV KONSTANTIN V. ,   Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, PAVLOV NIKOLAY B. ,   Federal Medical Biological Agency №2, Moscow, ORLOVA OLGA S. ,   State Research Center Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan, KUZNECOVA TATYANA E. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, GROMAKOV VLADIMIR A. ,   Federal Medical Biological Agency №2, Moscow, SHUTOV ALEXEY A. ,   Scientific Research Institute of Pulmonology, Moscow
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. It is commonly known that patients who have been exposed to the coronavirus in the past and are in the recovery stage now, experience deterioration of health-related quality of life, decreased productivity and decrease in cognitive functions, energy and breathing discomfort. Aim. Efficiency analysis of hyperbaric oxygenation therapy for patients with syndrome on outpatient treatment stage of rehabilitation. This article also gives consideration to the management problems of patients who have been exposed to COVID-19 in the outpatient treatment stage. We consider disease process and theoretical determinants for the progress of pathological conditions as the result of earlier disease. Material and methods. 110 outpatients who have been exposed to the coronavirus in the past and treated with hyperbaric oxygenation therapy are included in the research. Results estimation was based on a patient-reported outcomes questionnaire and simple, noninvasive methods, including remote thermography. Results and discussion. The hyperbaric oxygenation method has shown us high efficiency for reducing residual symptoms of COVID-19. Conclusion. Inclusion of hyperbaric oxygenation into Post-COVID-19 rehabilitation program leads to immediate treatment effects, decreasing faintness and fatigability, increasing exercise tolerance, decreasing breathing discomfort, and, as a consequence helping to speed up recovery and getting back to social life and work- related activities.
ETIOLOGY OF SINONASAL INVERTED PAPILLOMA: A MODERN VIEW ON THE PROBLEM
Authors:   Rostov State Medical University, BOIKO NATALIA V. , STAGNIEVA IRINA V. ,   Rostov State Medical University, KISELEV VLADIMIR V. ,   Rostov State Medical University, GUKASYAN ELENA L. ,   Rostov State Medical University, STATESHNAYA PAULA A. ,   Rostov State Medical University, LEBEDENKO MARIA K. ,   Rostov State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Inverted papilloma is the most common type of sinonasal papilloma. It refers to benign tumors, but its clinical course is often associated with post-surgical recurrences and malignancy. Although the morphological characteristics and clinical features of inverted papilloma are well known, its etiology and risk factors remain a matter of debate. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the contemporary literature and summarize the data available regarding the significance of viral infection, cell cycle regulator proteins, angiogenesis, chronic inflammation, environmental influences, and other factors for the risk of inverted papilloma. Materials and Methods. A search was made in databases, such as SCOPUS, PubMed, Google Scholar, and RSCI, using the following keywords: Sinonasal papilloma, inverted nasal papilloma, Schneiderian papilloma. Results and Discussion. Human papillomavirus is considered the main growth trigger of inverted papilloma. Potential role of human papillomavirus in initiating the tumor growth is related to the presence in its genome of genes encoding the E6 and E7 proteins. Certain cell cycle regulatory factors and angiogenic proteins contribute to the dysregulation of proliferation and apoptosis and facilitate cell migration and tumor invasion. However, despite the frequent detection of human papillomavirus DNA and associated transcription factors in inverted papilloma tissues, significance of the papillomavirus infection in the occurrence of inverted papilloma or its transformation into malignant forms has not been proven reliably yet. It should be noted that human papillomavirus stimulates not only apoptosis inhibition and the uncontrolled division of epithelial cells, but also angiogenesis, which is also a tumor growth trigger. Among other pathogenic factors, we also discussed the importance of chronic inflammation, smoking, occupational hazards, and industrial environmental pollution. Conclusions. Though etiology of sinonasal inverted papilloma remains controversial, the studies reviewed here indicate the importance of viral infection, cell cycle and angiogenic factors, environmental and occupational exposure, and chronic inflammation. Further studies on etiologic factors are required to ensure better clinical guidance and therapeutic targets.
Мodelling of Passive Coupling of Battery Units of Hybrid Energy Storage System
Authors: Dobrego K. V. , Koznacheev I. A. , Charvinski V. I.
Published: June 2024

Due to the development of electric transport and the growth of “green” energy, electric energy storage systems (ESS) are increasingly being used in the world. The growth of the battery market in the last decade has been 20-30%. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of an electric power storage device is its hybridization, i.e. the use of heterogeneous battery units. The paper examines the features of passive coupling of lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries in a hybrid storage device. A model is presented for calculating the electrical characteristics of these units during operation. The possibility of choosing a hybrid drive structure that provides a comparable operating voltage range of the units (operation without voltage converters) is demonstrated. The modes of operation of a hybrid energy storage system are modeled both for simple parallel connection and for switching blocks according to a threshold algorithm. It is demonstrated that in order to equalize the discharge rate of the main and additional units, it is necessary to coordinate the capacity of the ESS, the degree of hybridization, the type of load and the electrical parameters of the batteries, which is impossible without modeling the system. When the threshold switching of the blocks takes place, additional control parameters, making it possible to change the discharge rate of the additional block and increase the economic efficiency of the hybrid ESS. Estimates of the economic efficiency of hybrid ESSs have been made for different values of the threshold switching voltage of the lithium-ion unit, as well as for three characteristic loads: an electric forklift truck, a 30-apartment apartment building and a 300-apartment residential complex. The results demonstrate the features and technical and economic potential of passive hybridization, can be used for the design of hybrid ESSs for small power systems with solar and wind power plants, in the calculation and design of generator – storage – consumer systems.
On the thermodynamic equilibrium of thermal casting processes
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Yu., , Stetsenko A. V.
Published: June 2024

Based on thermodynamic calculations, it is shown that heating and cooling of metals and alloys are reversible, equilibrium processes. Based on thermodynamic calculations, it is shown that melting and crystallization of metals and alloys are also reversible, equilibrium processes. With an increase in the cooling rate of the metal, the temperature of its equilibrium crystallization decreases. At a high rate of metal cooling, a short‑term initial process of nonequilibrium crystallization is observed, which quickly passes into the main stage of equilibrium crystallization.
Determining the degree of atmospheric emissions impact generated during the paint and varnish products use in machine‑ building production
Authors: Panasyugin A. S. , Martseva S. V. , Masherova N. P.
Published: June 2024

An analysis of the formation of organic solvent vapors, represented by white spirit, ketones, alcohols, benzene derivatives, 1,4‑dioxane, ethyl cellosolve, and paint aerosol, was conducted. The substances belong to the 3rd and 4th hazard classes. In the production process, the base paint Uno HD, Diamont R‑M BASF P+E paint, Standoflex 2k autolak topcoat, and Standox fine 1k‑body single‑component putty‑pore filler were used. The consumption of materials was 6.3, 2.7, 1.8, and 3.7 tons/year, respectively. In calculating the paint aerosol emissions, the efficiency of the treatment facilities was assumed to be 52 %. The environmental tax amounted to 2,619.93 rubles.
Effect of mucosal-associated invariant T cells on gut acute graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Chen Yu , Meng Yan , Zhou LiNa , Shen Cen , Zhang Luying , Dou Ying
Published: June 2024

Objective:Gut acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is one of serious complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a group of innate T cells that are enriched in the gut. Currently, there is limited research on the role and function of MAIT cells in the development of aGVHD in humans.Our study aim to investigate the effect of MAIT cells on the occurrence of gut aGVHD after HSCT in children, and to developing a new clinical prevention and treatment strategy for gut aGVHD.
Methods: We collected peripheral blood(PB)samples from 81 patients 30 days after HSCT. The content of MAIT cells was detected via flow cytometry to investigate the relationship between MAIT cells and gut aGVHD occurrence in children.
Results: The count of MAIT cells in the PB of children with gut aGVHD was notably lower than that in those without aGVHD and other types of aGVHD.
Conclusion: The PB of patients who develop gut aGVHD after HSCT demonstrates a reduction in MAIT cells. This reduction may be associated with delayed immune reconstitution and a higher risk of gut aGVHD post-transplantation,as well as a potential impact on the host's capacity to defend against intestinal infections.
Enhancing Sustainable Agriculture through Wastewater Utilization and Low-Cost Organic Fertilizer Production
Authors: Kajeevan Kasthuri , Gnanavelrajah Nalina
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This research investigated sustainable agricultural practices focusing on the utilization of wastewater and underutilized organic nutrient sources. The study explores the cultivation of nitrogen-rich sources such as Spirulina and Azolla using wastewater as a growth medium, aiming to reduce production costs and address water scarcity problems. Additionally, a low-cost organic fertilizer (LOF) was developed using underutilized resources like Palmyrah leaves, Coconut leaves, and Banana pseudostem, with Spirulina, and Azolla aiming to counteract the detrimental effects of inorganic fertilizers and contribute to the circular economy by converting waste into valuable agricultural inputs.
Methods: Experimental trials assessed the efficacy of wastewater as a growth medium for Spirulina and Azolla, alongside evaluating the impact of organic nutrient sources on seed germination and seedling vigor. Pot experiments were conducted to assess biomass yield and crop growth parameters across various fertilizer treatments, including conventional organic, LOF, and inorganic methods.
Results: Results reveal that treatments containing wastewater significantly enhanced the biomass yield of Spirulina and Azolla compared to standard methods, offering a cost-effective solution. The LOF enhanced the seed germination (5-15%), and seedling vigor (12-53%) of selected seeds compared to the control. Pot experiment revealed that the combination treatments of LOF gave improvements in crop growth parameters, biomass yield, and nutrient content of Sugargraze (Hybrid sweet sorghum) compared to conventional organic or inorganic treatments. Notably, substituting 50% of organic or inorganic fertilizer with LOF gave comparable or higher performance, highlighting the potential of LOF as an environmentally sustainable alternative.
Conclusion: Overall, this study underscores the feasibility of integrating underutilized organic nutrient sources and wastewater utilization in sustainable agriculture.
Platelet activation through CD62P and platelet–monocyte complexes contribute to exacerbation of mucosal inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Sano Yasuki , Tomiyama Takashi , Yagi Naoto , Ito Yuka , Honzawa Yusuke , Tahara Tomomitsu , Ikeura Tsukasa , Fukui Toshiro , Shimoda Shinji , Naganuma Makoto
Published: June 2024

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a refractory, chronic inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology. Although platelets are activated in UC, their relevance in pathophysiology remains unclear. We analyzed the correlation of platelet activation and platelet–monocyte complexes (PMCs) with severity of mucosal inflammation using the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES). Platelet activation marker, CD62P was upregulated in patients with UC compared with that in healthy controls (P<0.05). CD62P expression was significantly higher in patients with MES3 (severe inflammation) than in those with MES≤2 (endoscopic remission to moderate inflammation) (P<0.001). The concentration of sCD62P in patients with MES0 (endoscopic remission) was significantly higher than in those with MES≥1 (P<0.01). The expression of CD40L, CD63, PAC-1, annexin V, and CD36, and the concentrations of sCD40L, PF4, and RANTES did not correlate with MES. The proportion of PMCs in patients with MES3 was higher than in those with MES≤2 (P<0.05). CD16 expression on monocytes with platelets was significantly higher than in monocytes without platelets (P<0.001). Patients with complete remission after treatment showed significant reduction in PMCs 3 months after treatment (P<0.05) but had no change in CD62P and sCD62P. Our data suggest that platelet activation via the CD62P–PMC axis is involved in UC pathophysiology.
RP-HPLC and UV Spectroscopic Method Development and Validation for Estimation of Dapagliflozin in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Mahabole Shraddha , Gajeli Ganesh , Kalshetti Mallinath
Published: June 2024

The goal of the proposed research work is to establish and validate an uncomplicated, as well as precise RP-HPLC and UV Spectrophotometric technique to detect Dapagliflozin in both API as well as tablet form. At ambient temperature, the concentrations of Dapagliflozin were measured using an RP HPLC (λ = 225) and UV system (λ = 278). For method development Phenomenex Luna® LC C18 Column (150 × 4.6mm, 5µm) was used. Acetonitrile and water (65:35) were used as mobile phase. The standard Dapagliflozin medication is eluted at a 1.0 ml/min flow rate. The recoveries ranged from 98 to 103%, according to the regression coefficient values of 0.999 for the UV spectrophotometric method and 0.9994 for the RP-HPLC method. The statistical parameters, ± RSD, and recoveries in this investigation demonstrated how successful the RP-HPLC and UV system is at separating and identifying different compounds. It was also determined that Dapagliflozin in bulk and dose forms may be routinely monitored for quality using this technology.
Neural correlates of communication modes in medical students using fMRI
Authors: Oprea Raluca Corina , Andersson Frederic , Gissot Valerie , Desmidt Thomas , Siragusa Marta , Barantin Laurent , Dubourg Patrice , El-Hage Wissam
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine if the six different types of communication (Directive, Imaginative, Reflective, Persuasive, Harmonizing, Promoting), as presented in the Process Communication Model, correlate with a respective neural pathway. Participants were 30 medical students with no past medical history. They underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while watching videos typical of each communication type. By comparing each of the six experimental conditions with all the other ones, common activations were detected in the core memory network. Assertive communication styles (Directive, Imaginative) generated activations in conflict detection and resolution related areas, with a predominance in the frontal lobe. Emotive communication (Harmonizing, Promoting) highlighted activations associated with the interpretation of social and emotional cues, with a temporo-occipital predominance. There were no significant activations for the Reflective and Persuasive channel, the two channels that were most coherent with the subjects’ base patterns and communication. This study indicated that out of the six communication types that were analyzed, four have a specific and congruous underlying cerebral process. This shows that neural response patterns vary across different communication styles, reflecting differences in cognitive and emotional processing.
Association Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Biological Aging Acceleration: Evidence from NHANES 2017-2018
Authors: Chen Feng , Wang Xilei , Wang Shuyan , Zhao Xiangfu , Cheng Yanqi , Wang Xiaolin
Published: June 2024

Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of vitamin D to delay aging. However, we assert that increased vitamin D supplementation is not universally beneficial, as both deficiency and excess of vitamin D can adversely impact individual health. Thus, further quantitative research and validation are urgently needed to provide clinical guidance on the application of vitamin D in anti-aging interventions. Utilizing data extracted from the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we performed a cross-sectional study to examine the association between vitamin D levels and biological aging acceleration (AA), aiming to identify critical thresholds within diverse populations. Our study underscores the potential of vitamin D in interventions for biological aging. Multivariable linear regression analysis revealed a significant inverse association between vitamin D levels and AA (p < 0.01). The trend test confirmed a monotonic relationship between vitamin D levels and AA (p < 0.01). Moreover, restricted cubic spline analysis identified a U-shaped relationship between vitamin D levels and the risk of accelerated biological aging, with distinct critical thresholds observed across different age and sex groups (≤ 50 years: 50.54 nmol/L; >50 years: 85.71 nmol/L; females: 57.42 nmol/L; males: 80.72 nmol/L). In clinical anti-aging interventions, vitamin D supplementation must be personalized to ensure both efficacy and safety. Our findings advocate for a balanced and individualized approach to vitamin D supplementation, mitigating the risk of accelerated biological aging associated with deficiency or excess. This highlights the need for dose adjustment in clinical anti-aging strategies. Such an approach is essential not only for enhancing clinical anti-aging strategies, promoting optimal health outcomes, and reducing age-related diseases but also for laying the groundwork for the development of new anti-aging strategies and clinical interventions.
Adherence to- and factors influencing- healthy and sustainable dietary choices across Europe: a study protocol.
Authors: Murante Anna Maria , Manca Federica , Consalez Fabio , Jani Anant , Verger Eric , Miranda Agustin , Torri Luisa , Chirilli Chiara , Piochi Maria , Campos Susana , Oliveira Ana Teresa Ferreira , Harrington Janas , Massei Valeria , Ferravante Chiara , Smits Tim , Qutteina Yara , Vanwinkelen Kabi , Kapteijns Annemarie , Barelds Leonie , Różalska Aleksandra , Bunker Aditi , Bärnighausen Till
Published: June 2024

Background
Current food systems in Europe negatively impact the environment, public health, and the public sector, while favoring large food companies, leading to a “Lose-Lose-Lose-Win” scenario. Moreover, food systems have contributed to health inequalities across the EU, perpetuating disparities in access to healthy and sustainable food. Addressing these challenges requires understanding the complex dynamics of food systems which involve a combination of internal mechanisms and external influences. This study, part of the FEAST project (Food systems that support transitions to hEalthy And Sustainable dieTs), aims to inform European policies by investigating individual dietary behaviors focusing on micro-level factors, analyzing geographical, socio-economic, behavioral and cultural influences and dietary preferences across different European regions and vulnerable groups.
Methods
The study employs a quantitative cross-sectional research design involving 27000 adults (18–85+) from 27 European countries across FEAST’s five food regions (Anglo-Saxon, Central European, Scandinavian, Southern Europe and Eastern Europe). To achieve our target of 27,000 participants we have relied on the services of a market-insights gathering platform, with an extensive reach of panel members across Europe. Data collection utilizes a comprehensive questionnaire of 88 items covering dietary patterns, purchasing behaviors, drivers and barriers of healthy and sustainable eating, the perceived sustainability of dietary behaviors, policy opinions, and socio-demographic details. Statistical analyses will provide insights into factors influencing healthy and sustainable diets.
Discussion
The study's findings will contribute to understanding individual dietary habits and inform multi-level strategies for promoting healthier and more sustainable food consumption. Our data will provide an overview of the interaction between the final consumer and the food supply chain, shedding light on the nature of the food environments in which the interaction takes place. By providing insights into consumer behaviors and preferences, the research aims to support the creation of 'Win-Win-Win-Win' food systems across Europe that benefit all key stakeholders.
A microstrip Antenna for Underground Applications with Frequency Insenitivity to soil moisture variations
Authors: MEJJATTI Mounir EL , Habbani Ahmed
Published: June 2024

In this article, we propose a novel design of a buried rectangular patch antenna utilizing the ferromag-netic properties to ensure the resonant frequency resistivity against uctuations in soil permittivity,notably due to variations in its water content. The study initially prioritized determining the idealposition of the ferrite core introduced into the substrate and optimizing the external magnetic eldbias for its application. Subsequently, attention was directed towards evaluating the return loss of thedesigned antenna through simulation under conditions where humidity varies between 0 and 50%. Theresults indicated that the transmitter operates in two di erent modes: ordinary and extraordinary,with the latter maintaining a stable frequency with a deviation rate from the initial one on dry soilnot exceeding 3%, instead of the 50% observed for the former mode. This feature grants it the abilityto be deployable in applications with underground nodes, such as in the case of precision agriculture,without needing to intervene to adjust the operating frequency.
A Study on the Evaluation of Habitat Appropriateness of Huizhou Traditional Settlements
Authors: Bi Zhongsong , Li Yunzhang , Wang Jingwen , Guo Yixi , Liu Hongyuan
Published: June 2024

This study aims to establish an evaluation system for human settlement suitability utilizing geographic detectors, focusing on traditional human settlements in Huizhou region, situated in the southern region of Anhui province, China. Our research reveals several key findings: 1. Central Huizhou exhibits higher overall suitability for traditional human settlements compared to its southern and northern counterparts, with a predominant northeast-southwest spatial differentiation pattern following the mountainous terrain. 2. Approximately 34.03% of the Huizhou is deemed highly suitable for human settlement, while 57.22% is considered moderately suitable, and 8.75% is classified as low suitability. Notably, areas of medium and higher suitability collectively constitute 91.25% of the region, indicating a favorable overall suitability for human settlements. 3. Among traditional settlements, 91.75% are situated in areas classified as medium and above suitability, primarily encompassing plains, plateaus, hills, and low mountains characterized by fertile soil, abundant vegetation, ample precipitation, and favorable climatic conditions. 4. Factors such as precipitation, vegetation, landform, and wind speed exert a significant influence on the spatial distribution of traditional settlements in Huizhou, while others demonstrate comparatively weaker effects. Additionally, the interaction between any two factors exhibits a stronger impact on settlement distribution than individual factors, highlighting the complex interplay of multiple factors in site selection. This study provides valuable insights into the relationship between mountainous traditional settlement site selection and the natural environment, offering guidance for the development of human settlement environments in similar mountainous regions.
Estimating S-wave Amplitude for Earthquake Early Warning in New Zealand: Leveraging the First 3 Seconds of P-Wave
Authors: Chandrakumar Chanthujan , Tan Marion Lara , Holden Caroline , Stephens Max , Punchihewa Amal , Prasanna Raj
Published: June 2024

This study addresses the critical question of predicting the amplitude of S-waves during earthquakes in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), a highly earthquake-prone region, for implementing an Earthquake Early Warning System (EEWS). This research uses ground motion parameters from a comprehensive dataset comprising historical earthquakes in the Canterbury region of NZ. It explores the potential to estimate the damaging S-wave amplitude before it arrives, primarily focusing on the initial P-wave signals. The study establishes nine linear regression relationships between P-wave and S-wave amplitudes, employing three parameters: peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and peak ground displacement. Each relationship’s performance is evaluated through correlation coefficient (R), coefficient of determination (R²), root mean square error (RMSE), and 5-fold Cross-validation RMSE, aiming to identify the most predictive empirical model for the Canterbury context. Results using a weighted scoring approach indicate that the relationship involving P-wave Peak Ground Velocity (Pv) within a 3-second window strongly correlates with S-wave Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), highlighting its potential for EEWS. The selected empirical relationship is subsequently applied to establish a P-wave amplitude (Pv) threshold for the Canterbury region as a case study from which an EEWS could benefit. The study also suggests future research exploring complex machine learning models for predicting S-wave amplitude and expanding the analysis with more datasets from different regions of NZ.
Pin the loop taut: a one-player topologame
Authors: SIMON Christopher-Lloyd , STUCKY Ben
Published: June 2024

We introduce a 1-player game called pin the loop and analyse its complexity. A loop is a generic immersion of the circle in a surface, considered up to isotopy. A loop is taut when it is minimally intersecting in its homotopy class. A pinning set of a loop is a set of points P in the surface avoiding the loop, such that the loop is taut in the surface punctured at P. The pinning number is the minimal cardinal of its pinning sets, and a pinning set is optimal if it has that cardinal.
We show that the decision problem associated to computing the pinning number of a plane loop is NP-complete. We implement a polynomial algorithm to check if a given point-set is pinning, adapting a method of Birman--Series for computing intersection numbers of curves in surfaces. After improving a theorem of Hass--Scott characterising taut loops in surfaces, we reduce the problem to a boolean formula whose solutions correspond to the pinning sets. Finally, we reduce the vertex-cover problem for graphs to an instance of the pinning problem for plane loops.
Our results imply that given a closed geodesic in a complete Riemannian surface with punctures, it is hard to guess the location of the punctures from the sole isotopy class of the geodesic in the compactified surface.
Evaluation of the Performance of Rubberized Bitumen
Authors: Udo Johnny J. , Edet Anietie
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the results of the evaluation of rubberized bitumen using crumb rubber as the influence material. Conventional bitumen is the material used in asphalt pavement construction. However, due to its challenges such as initial high cost of construction, rutting, cracking and failure in road construction within shorter time frames of about 0–15 years, an alternative material which is the rubberized bitumen has been recommended as a possible replacement. Rubberized bitumen is an innovative concept which involves the incorporation of crumb rubber derived from discarded tyres into bitumen binders, creating a modified binder with unique properties that contribute to improved pavement characteristics. This research was aimed at partially replacing conventional bitumen – a material often used in the construction of asphalt pavement with rubberized bitumen at varied proportions to evaluate its mechanical properties, in order to ascertain whether or not it is suitable for asphalt pavement construction. Eight (8) numbers of rubberized asphalt samples were prepared using The Marshall Mix Design Method. Varied proportions of rubberized bitumen at 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% were used to evaluate the various mechanical properties such as percentage voids, density, Marshall-stability, flow, and the stiffness of the rubberized asphalt. The results illustrate the relationship between the introduction of modified bitumen and the resistance of the asphalt mix to deformation. Initially, at 0% modification, the stiffness of the asphalt mix was measured at 3.52 KN/mm. As the percentage of modified bitumen was increased to 3%, the stiffness of the asphalt mix improved to 4.47 KN/mm, indicating enhanced resistance to deformation. However, with further increases in the percentage of modified bitumen to 6% and 9%, the stiffness decreased to 3.74 KN/mm and 2.76 KN/mm, respectively. Also, a higher value of stiffness typically suggests a greater resistance to deformation and, consequently, better performance of the asphalt mix. Therefore, the results demonstrate that the introduction of modified bitumen at a 3% concentration significantly improved the stiffness and resistance to deformation of the asphalt mix. However, excessive modification beyond this concentration led to a drop, as evidenced by the decrease in stiffness observed at 6% and 9% modification levels. This suggests an optimal range for the percentage of modified bitumen to achieve the desired stiffness and performance characteristics of the asphalt mix.
The Impact of Biocontrol Bacteria on Cotton Resistance and Their Effects on Signaling Pathways Related to Defense Against Verticillium Wilt Infection
Authors: Fan Yongbin , Cao Jianwei , Liu Yuanyuan , Wu Chongdie , Ye Jingyi , Liu Gaijie , Wang Aiying
Published: June 2024

This study prepared a mixed fermentation broth using two strains of Bacillus and investigated its inhibitory effects on the cotton Verticillium wilt pathogen, as well as its impact on the signaling pathways related to defense against Verticillium wilt infection in cotton.Biocontrol bacteria can effectively defend against plant diseases by competitively inhibiting pathogens and inducing plant immunity. Through plate confrontation assays, antimicrobial tests using mixed microbial fermentation broth and its dilutions, and their impacts on cotton seed germination, this study explores the defensive potential of the mixed fermentation broth.During the study, it was discovered that The mixed microbial fermentation broth could produce lipopeptide substances. The cotton's immunity against Verticillium wilt, following treatment with this broth, was assessed using DAB and trypan blue histological staining methods. Furthermore, the study involved monitoring the induced expression of resistance-related genes (PR1, PR5, NPR1), as well as the effects on the activities of defense-related enzymes in cotton (SOD, CAT, PPO, POD).The results indicate that The combination of two biocontrol bacterial strains exhibited a certain inhibitory effect on the cotton Verticillium wilt pathogen. Root drenching with the mixed fermentation broth significantly enhanced the transient burst of reactive oxygen species in cotton's defense signaling pathways, inducing an immune response. This response increased the sensitivity of cotton's hypersensitive response (HR), induced the expression of disease resistance-related genes, and heightened the activity of enzymes involved in reactive oxygen species scavenging, thereby enhancing systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in cotton. This study reveals that the mixed fermentation broth improved cotton's resistance to Verticillium wilt, significantly affecting the defense signaling pathways in response to the pathogen, with varying effects on induced resistance in different resistance genotypes of cotton.
Efficacy of pre-surgical short-term endocrine therapy during the waiting period for surgery in post-menopausal hormone receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Maeda Yuka , Sato Ayana , Matsumoto Akiko , Ikeda Tatsuhiko , Jinno Hiromitsu
Published: June 2024

Purpose
To investigate the efficacy of pre-surgical short-term endocrine therapy (preSTE) and assess prognostic factors, including the preoperative endocrine prognostic index (PEPI) score.
Methods
From October 2012 to November 2021, 269 post-menopausal women diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative breast cancer underwent endocrine therapy with a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor during the pre-surgical waiting period. The primary endpoint was to assess the changes in tumor size using ultrasonography, and Ki67 expression levels before and after preSTE. The secondary endpoint was the prognosis of patients categorized using the PEPI score.
Results
The median age of patients was 68 years (range, 41–89 years). The median tumor size was 1.65 cm (range, 0.4–7.5 cm). The average pretreatment Ki67 expression level was 10% (range, 0–90%). The median duration of endocrine therapy was 39 days (range, 2–88 days). Tumor diameter and Ki67 expression levels were significantly decreased to 1.43 cm (range, 0.45–5.83 cm) and 3.0% (range, 0–85%) after preSTE, respectively. After the median observation period of 928 days, patients with PEPI scores ≥ 4 showed worse disease-free survival compared with those with lower PEPI scores. In terms of mortality, patients with PEPI score ≥ 4 had worse overall survival than did patients with lower PEPI scores.
Conclusions
Endocrine therapy during the waiting period for surgery might be effective in reducing tumor size, and the Ki67 expression level and PEPI score might be useful in predicting the prognosis of patients with post-menopausal HR + breast cancer.
Enhancing Photovoltaic Performance of Bi-Doped Perovskite Solar Cells with Novel Double Electron Transport Layer: Achieving High Open-Circuit Voltage and Efficiency
Authors: Khan Muhammad Iftihkar , Hussain Saddam , Mustafa Ghulam M. , Amami Mongi , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Margarita , Pellegrini-Cervantes Manuel J.
Published: June 2024

Perovskite solar cells using pristine and 6% Bi-doped MAPbI2Br perovskite layers are deposited using a spin coating route. XRD analysis reveals that the structure of MAPbI2Br is cubic and the grown films are integrating large grains with low micro-strain. UV-visible spectra of the MAPbI2Br perovskite solar cell and the 6% Bi-doped MAPbI2Br perovskite solar cell show a narrower bandgap (Eg) and higher refractive index. The characteristics of the ETL directly affect the photovoltaic performance of Bi-MAPbI2Br perovskite material. The present report aims to propose a new double electron transport layer composed of TiO2 and Al-SnO2 for MAPbI2Br-based PSCs. In the experimental approach, we reached a high open circuit voltage value of 1.07V, while achieving remarkable power conversion efficiencies of 10.39 %. Notably, this is consistent with the highest Voc achieved so far for Bi-MAPbI2Br-based PSCs with an inorganic electron transport layer (Al-SnO2). The results from this study underscore the importance of the conduction band alignment of MAPbI2Br with the conduction band of Al-SnO2 to enhance electron flow and minimize recombination. This alignment leads to increased Voc and total PCE for PSCs.
Flood characteristics and risk analysis in small watersheds on the Loess Plateau under extreme heavy rainfall
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Hou Jingming , Wang Tian , Zhou Qingshi , Li Donglai , Khan Majid Habib , Ullah Irfan , Noor Rana Shahzad , Umair Muhammad , Hussain Shakeel
Published: June 2024

Climate change disrupts the hydrological cycle of river basins, leading to irregularities in rainfall patterns that can cause devastating floods. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical model, GPU Accelerated Surface Water Flow and Transport was employed to simulate the process of flood progression in a small watershed during periods of heavy rainfall. The objective of this study was to examine the flood characteristics of these basins. Hydraulic properties of typical cross-sections were calculated for rainfall recurrence intervals of 50, 100, 500, and 1000 years, and a thorough assessment of flood vulnerability in the watershed was conducted. The results suggest that the rate of increase in the highest flood level is highest at the 500 year return period for all sections, reaching a value of 51.38%. However, during the span of the 1000 year return period, the growth rate undergoes a decrease to 7.61%. The flood peak growth rate exhibits an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease as the rainfall return period increases. The maximum increase in water level for each cross-section is less than the corresponding rise in flood peak. The magnitude of floods in the watershed remains relatively consistent despite a larger recurrence interval. To maximize the socio-economic benefits, it is recommended to determine the dimensions of new road and railway bridge culverts in this small watershed according to the flood peak that happens once every 500 years. The research findings serve as vital resources for examining the reaction of small watersheds to heavy rainfall and evaluating flood control technologies.
Seismic Response of Rc Building on Sloping Ground Using Sap2000
Authors: Pujari Atul. B , Undre Abhijeet. R , Patil Santosh. K , Kolhe Mayur S.
Published: June 2024

The structures are generally constructed on level ground; however, due to scarcity of level grounds the construction activities have been started on sloping grounds. There are two types of configuration of building on sloping ground, the one is step back and the other is step back setback. In this study, G+ 8 storeys RCC building and the ground slope varying from 150, 300, 450, 600 have been considered for the analysis. A comparison has been made with the building with and without infill wall. The modelling and analysis of the building has been done by using structure analysis tool SAP2000, to study the effect of varying height of the column in bottom storey and the effect of infill wall during the earthquake. The results have been compared with the results of the building with and without infill wall. The seismic analysis was done by linear static analysis and the response spectrum analyses have been carried out as per IS:1893 (part 1): 2002. The results were obtained in the form of top storey displacement, drift, base shear and time period. It is observed that short column is affected more during the earthquake. The analyses showed that for construction of the building on slopy ground the step back setback building configuration is suitable, along with infill and without infill wall.
CRITICAL REVIEW OF ASSESSMENT APPROACHES OPERATIVE AT SCHOOL LEVEL- A JOURNEY FROM MINIMUM LEVELS OF LEARNING TO LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors:   Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Educational Studies, Faculty of Education, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India., a Vandana , Masih Aejaz ,   Professor, Department of Educational Studies, Faculty of Education, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
Published: June 2024

Assessment being an inextricable part of any learning process has gone through many ups and downs since independence in India. Transformations have seen from the introduction of Minimum Levels of Learning: to measure a list of competencies as an end product, to the introduction of theoretically sound Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE)to guide the overall learning process of student. With time, many pitfalls and implementation failures have been observed in these approaches of assessment. Thus, the inception of learning outcomes approach after CCEs unexpected implementation failure opens a scope for critical discourse in the field of school education in India. The term learning outcomes reflects a conceptual tension and far less scope of flexibility as propounded by many educationists globally. Thus, the paper attempts to show the post-independence journey of assessment procedures at primary and elementarylevel in India and critically reflects upon the current learning outcomes approach from national and international perspective to predict its futurefeasibility and upshots.