bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДИСКУРС КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ПЛАТФОРМ: КРИТИЧНИЙ ТА ДИДЖИТАЛЬНИЙ РІЗНОВИДИ
Authors: Dosenko A.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the article is to study the culturological and critical discourses of communication platforms, which will help to better understand the nature of this phenomenon.

Research methodology. The article implemented a comparative analysis of scientific points of view, content monitoring of modern popular local communication platforms, analysis of existing platforms.

Results. The phenomenon of discourse is multifaceted, has an ancient etymology, which today will continue to be studied by specialists.

Network types of discourses studied by scholars, in particular journalistic, which found itself in the field of CP is formed as an element of the general discursive canvas, which has a number of components and generates the emergence of new types. It is the emergence of online communication and digital genres (which today form a separate group without which the existence of online journalism is impossible) that digital discourse emerges.

Digital discourse of communication platforms should be defined as a general process of Internet broadcasting, writing, formation of information space of worldviews of the audience, as well as the process of emergence of fundamentally new concepts and units directly related to this process of network content (media languages, amateur media). downloads, social networks, communication platforms). The study of discourse becomes a trendy and necessary process.

According to modern scientists, the current conditions for entering the global media market are due to trends and popularity, the ever-growing needs of consumers. One such market is the modern Internet communications market, where competitive communication platforms now exist. The article analyzes the content of the platforms Thirst, Hearing, Your Love, The Troya, Your Healthy choice.

Novelty. The article traces the dynamics of the concept of discourse on communication platforms and its types.

Practical significance. The results of the study can be used to further study the development of Internet communications as an industry.
Key words: discourse, critical and culturological discourse, communication platform, applied social and communication technologies.
ДИСКУРС ПОСТКОЛОНІАЛІЗМУ Е. САЇДА, Е. СЕЗАРА, Л. СЕНГОРА, Ф. ФАНОНА В ТЕОРЕТИКО-СОЦІОЛОГІЧНІЙ РЕФЛЕКСІЇ ЗОВНІШНЬОГО ВПЛИВУ ЗАХОДУ
Authors: Gugnin E.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the research is to study the theoretical and sociological foundations of postcolonial discourse in terms of understanding the external socio-cultural influence of the West on the colonial periphery.

Research methodology. The methodological basis of the article is general scientific methods of cognition of social phenomena and processes. The following methods were used in the study: logical-historical, structural-functional and comparative analysis – to identify theoretical and sociological principles of postcolonial discourse in terms of understanding the external socio-cultural influence of the West on the colonial periphery; analysis and synthesis – to clarify the key ideas of postcolonial discourse; generalizations – to reveal the Eurocentrism worldview of knowledge about non-European communities.

Results. Postcolonial discourse coincides in content with the sociology of globalization. Under the circumstances of ignoring the very construct of «globalization», there is no significant difference between the history of the nation and the history of the empire. Among the founders of one nation and colonial empire are both supporters of dependence and colonialism, dehumanization of the colonized, and supporters of the liberation of the colonized from all forms of dependence.

Novelty. Postcolonial discourse reveals the global nature of colonialism and the use of universal images, practices, social institutions, arrays of various things, goods and services for the purposes of neocolonialism.

Practical meaning. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the enrichment of Ukrainian sociology with theoretical and methodological substantiation of the discourse of postcolonialism E. Said, E. Sazar, L. Sengor, F. Fanon in the theoretical and sociological reflection of the external influence of the West.

Key words: postcolonial discourse, external influence, Eurocentrism, Occidentalism, Orientalism, neocolonialism, necropolitics.
ВИСВІТЛЕННЯ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ГІБРИДНОЇ ВІЙНИ РОСІЇ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ НА СТОРІНКАХ ЖУРНАЛУ «УНІВЕРСУМ» (1993–2020)
Authors: Romanchuk V.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the article is to find out the ideological and conceptual principles and forms of exposure on the pages of the publication the peculiarities of the hybrid war of Russia against Ukraine.

Research methodology. The article uses both general scientific research methods and the method of systematic analysis, which allowed to analyze the problem systematically, intent analysis, which contributed to the study of the dynamics of major political events, as well as terminological, axiomatic, structural, historical approaches.

Results. As a result of elaboration of the relevant literature, the meaning of the «hybrid war» concept is clarified, its most important directions are defined, as well as the challenges facing Ukraine in connection with Russia's anti-Ukrainian activities in the context of the hybrid war.

The article analyzes the critical coverage on the pages of the «Universum» magazine (1993-2020) the features of Russia's hybrid war against Ukraine, which the aggressor state combines with the various means to achieve its goals – military, political, diplomatic, economic and more.

Novelty. For the first time, the activities of «Universum» as a magazine-type publication aimed at exposing Russia's anti-Ukrainian hybrid war were studied.

Practical significance. The practical significance of the study results is that the «Universum» magazine for a long time drew attention to Russia's anti-Ukrainian information operations (including hybrid warfare), developed a conceptual model for countering hybrid warfare, and the results of this study can use Ukrainian periodicals, political analysts who stand on state positions.

Key words: «Universum» magazine, hybrid war, information security, Ukrainian-Russian relations, Russian-Ukrainian war.
Особливості формування спільноти фанатів мальописів у сучасному інформаційному просторі
Authors: Kopylchak K.
Published: March 2022

The purpose. To trace the peculiarities of the formation of the community of fans of comics in the modern Ukrainian information space.

Research methodology. During the research general scientific methods of synthesis, analysis and observation were used. System analysis was used to study the available Internet resources on comics.

Results. Comics are more interested in society. Interest that arouses consumer interest. Today, comics are a unique product of publishing, an effective means of presenting and disseminating information from various fields of knowledge, as well as an artistic tool and already established art. Ukrainian comics have many genres, subgenres, touch on different topics and a wide range of issues, as well as aimed at readers of different ages, social status, type of activity. The tradition of comics and cartoons is an integral part of many cultures around the world, both Western and Eastern. Comic book readers are described as a unique sub cultural group. The main types of communication between readers and publishers of comics are formed. Described the main types of comic book promotion in Ukraine among different groups of readers. The main media resources used by publishers and readers of comics to promote and discuss new publications are listed. It is emphasized that the formation of a loyal community of comic book consumers will contribute to the development of the genre.

Novelty. For the first time, the peculiarities of forming a community of comic book fans in the modern Ukrainian information space have been studied. It should be noted that comics and graphic novels are already present in the Ukrainian discursive field, but the discussion of these special cultural phenomena is conducted mainly in a journalistic way on «comic-oriented» Internet resources.

Practical significance. The results of the work can be used for scientific work or to create lecture material.

Key words: comics, promotion, communication, media.
ВПЛИВ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПРОСТОРОВИХ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ РЕГІОНУ НА ВІДТВОРЕННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПРАКТИК МОЛОДІ
Authors: Zoska Ya. , Matyukhin D. , Stadnyk A. , Vanyushina O.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study. Investigate the specifics of the impact of the social space of the region on the construction of various forms of social practices in the youth environment.
Research methodology.The methodological basis is general scientific methods of cognition of social phenomena and processes, and sociological methods of obtaining empirical data. The following methods were used in the study: logical-historical, structural-functional and comparative analysis – to identify stages of evolutionary development of scientific approaches to the interpretation of the «social practice» concept in sociological science and its modern interpretation.

Results.The conceptual meaning of the «region» concept in the context of formation and reproduction of social practices of local communities is revealed. It is determined that the sociological interpretation of the «region» concept is associated primarily with its spatial essence: 1) in the concepts of the classical sociological period the spatial determinant of the region dominates, with special attention to social characteristics of the region as a territory and social communities in a local environment, the positions and status of individuals in the social space of the region and the integral role of the social space of the region in the formation and reproduction of social practices of the regional community; 2) in modern foreign sociology, the social space of the region is associated with common models of social behavior and social practices, the formation of regional identity.

Novelty. The article improved the definition of the region as a socio-territorial community, ontogenetically localized in the social space, which is characterized by a specific configuration of ethnocultural identities, common economic conditions and social organization, similarity of reproducible social practices, institutionalization of which occurs on condition of the formedness of regional identity of territorial community.

Practical meaning is that the formulated conclusions are valuable for further study of factors and mechanisms of institutionalization of social practices of modern youth in the transformation of Ukrainian society and in the context of regional development.

Key words: social practices, youth, region, social space of the region, regional identity, lifestyle.
РЕІНТЕГРАЦІЯ ДІТЕЙ: КОНЦЕПЦІЯ І СУТНІСТЬ
Authors: Mishchenko O. , Sivakova E.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study. The purpose of our article is to highlight the problem of social orphanhood in Ukraine as the main direction of reforming the state social policy aimed at protecting the rights and interests of the child.

Research methodology. The methodology of our research is a system of scientific principles, forms and methods of research work, namely the process of reintegration of children into biological families.

Results. The article analyzes the process of reintegration, which takes place on three social levels: sensory-emotional; emotional and social; socio-institutional. Social competence is manifested in the ability to cooperate, to solve problems in different life situations; in communication skills and mutual understanding skills; in active participation in community life, etc. (principles of reintegration of children into biological families).

Scientific novelty. It was found that the main tasks in the direction of reintegration work are to ensure the rights of children, create a favorable social and educational environment, effective conditions for the realization of the child's full potential, which will allow the child to choose the right path in independent life.

It is established that the priority tasks in the implementation of reintegration are: restoration and strengthening of relations of pupils of boarding schools with parents, relatives.

Practical meaning. Reforming the system of institutional care and education of children also involves the reintegration of children into biological families. However, despite the importance of a well-organized process of reintegration of children into the family, today in Ukraine there is very little research and practical recommendations on this issue. The research materials will be useful for the training of future specialists in the social sphere, as well as in the work of social workers and psychologists. The research results will contribute to the provision and consolidation of contacts between the child and the family; will assist in preparing the inmate of the boarding school to enter a new environment, which provides for timeliness, planning, taking into account the individual characteristics of the child, interagency partnership and a multidisciplinary approach to the individual case.

Key words: social orphanhood, crisis phenomena, process, reform, social life, deinstitutionalization, orphans, children deprived of parental care.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МЕДІАСПОЖИВАННЯ УКРАЇНЦІВ ПІД ЧАС ПАНДЕМІЇ
Authors: Ivanytska B. , Balabanova K.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to conduct a detailed scientific and practical substantiation of the peculiarities of media consumption of Ukrainians during the pandemic, and to conduct a survey to establish which media Ukrainians use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Research methodology. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of media consumption of Ukrainians during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose the theoretical methodological case including the description, the analysis and synthesis is used; analytical modeling; comparative analysis; systematization, generalization and survey.

Results. The results of the study showed that, among social networks as news sources, Facebook tops the list for several years in a row, YouTube has become as an alternative to television, and Telegram is most often used to receive short news. Respondents said that they mostly watched the news using the following devices: mobile phone, computer and TV. The biggest drop in 2020 was in the level of trust in television – the main reasons for the lack of trust are inaccurate information and political bias in the news. The share of Ukrainian Internet users increased from 71% in 2015 to 90% of Ukrainians in 2020. For the younger demographic group aged 18-35, this figure rises to 100%. Accordingly, online media and social networks are more popular among Ukrainians aged 18-35, while Ukrainians over the age of 46 prefer television.

Novelty. The scientific novelty is due to the solution of an important scientific task, which is to develop practical recommendations on the peculiarities of media consumption of Ukrainians during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was established which social networks and mass media Ukrainians use most often, and whether Ukrainians trust the news and which news topics they prefer.

Practical significance. The results of the study are intended to serve for further research to explore new features of media consumption of Ukrainians during the COVID-19 pandemic and to inform about the current course of COVID-19, which will help to better understand the role of specialized media content.

Key words: media, media consumption, mass media, pandemic, COVID-19.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ МАСМЕДІА В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ НА ДОНБАСІ
Authors: Kosiuk O.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to find out whether / how the journalistic standards differ in peacetime and during military operations.

Research methodology. The matter under discussion is the system of ethical and legal aspects in the framework of information and communication activities under conditions of war. In light of the fact that the Ukrainian academic community has not yet seriously been involved in studying coverage of modern military conflicts, this article focuses on the author’s own observations that were initiated in the international multi-authored monograph «The role of technology in the socio-economic development of the post-quarantine world» (Katowice, Poland) last year, as well as results of current discussions at the top-rated media platforms, analysis of special issue material and current legislation. The article is based on analysis and synthesis to verify information and make conclusions, comparison and description to correlate different levels of data and other scientific methods with the help of which we start discussions about journalistic standards, evaluate the level of coverage of events in the Donbas region; we think about where journalism ends and propaganda, disclosure of top-secret information and hate language begin; we enter into polemics about vulnerable groups of population and ways to incite interethnic hatred and conflicts.

Results. As it turned out, Ukrainian journalists have to distance themselves from events and clearly distinguish all communication traps. According to the traditions of the Ukrainian journalistic community and current legislation, all media professionals involved in the war in eastern Ukraine should thoroughly check all the facts, trust only expert sources, they do not have to believe their own and someone else’s emotions, to use hate language and to incite interethnic hatred and conflicts. One has also to keep in mind that a journalist’s civic-mindedness is a serious violation of international standards.

Novelty. In the result, we come to the conclusion that the proposed topic, despite ongoing discussions, is unfortunately still new and remains open and promising for research, as it is a question of balancing on a narrow edge of patriotism and journalism, universal and national values and observance of the international rules.

The practical significance. The material is appropriate to be used by theorists during educational and scientific discussions and academic courses as well as by experts as a guide in the zone of military conflicts.

Key words: journalistic standards, war, propaganda, legislation.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ПУБЛІЧНИХ TELEGRAM-КАНАЛІВ ЯК КРОСМЕДІЙНОЇ ПЛАТФОРМИ
Authors: Tonkikh I.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the research is to identify the functioning peculiarities of public Telegram-channels addressed to the mass audience as well as to outline the prospects for their application as a modern cross-media platform in journalistic activities.

Research methodology. The application of such methods as observation, interpretation of data, descriptive technique, typological approach and classification allows to determine the types of public Telegram-channels and characterize their format, functions and features of content, it also helps to clarify the use of these resources in journalistic work and formulate prospects for further development.

Results. It is determined that the Telegram messenger is currently in the process of transformation from a conventional channel of interpersonal communication into a cross-media platform that journalists can use in their professional activities. The issues of functioning of public Telegram-channels are revealed: anonymity of authorship, distribution of fake channels, as well as violation of legal and ethical norms. The functions of journalistic Telegram-channels are defined: informational, communicative, epistemological, cultural and educational, entertaining, expressive as well as a function of social organization. It is established that the most popular among the audience were those Telegram-channels that function as a cross-media platform («TSN Novyny», «Obozrevatel.ua», «Hromadske Telebachennia»).

Novelty of the obtained results of the study are an attempt to identify problems and prospects for the application of public Telegram-channels in journalistic activities, to provide recommendations for appropriate content formation of these channels as a cross-media platform, taking into consideration professional standards of journalism.

Practical value. The obtained results can be applied in practical activities of journalists to broaden the range of media platforms and enhance their content quality. It can lead to further research in the sphere of cross-media and be implemented in the educational process in the framework of teaching courses such as «Internet Journalism», «Cross-media» etc.

Key words: cross-media, convergence, Telegram-channel, messenger, social networking site, content, journalism, fake, verification.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ОРГАНІВ ВЛАДИ В ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНИХ ВЕКТОРАХ УКРАЇНИ: ЕЛЕКТРОННЕ УРЯДУВАННЯ
Authors: Sanakoyeva N. , Bondarenko I.
Published: March 2022

Purpose of research. This research is directed to defining priority directions of implementation of e-government in Ukraine and peculiarities of integration of Ukraine into the European Union Digital Single Market.

Research methodology. In course of the research theoretic methodological case was used: description, analysis, synthesis; systematization, summing-up; comparative analysis; induction and deduction to formulate conclusions.

Results. The article analyzes theoretic-and-legal grounds for e-government from the point of view of European integration intentions of Ukraine and undertaken international obligations. It was determined that e-government means the way of solving the problem of advancing and reforming public sector as well as providing business and citizens with state services of higher quality. The role of international donors for implementation of «E-Government for Authorities Accountability and Community Participation» program (EGAP) and EGOV4UKRAINE («Support of Decentralization of E-Government in Ukraine») project was detected. Research results point at stability in tendencies of implementing e-government within the upcoming years.

Novelty. The article studies current state of e-government development under the directions stipulated by the E-Government Development Concept in Ukraine. Key principle problems in this sphere are embraced. The priority directions of informative activity of the state have been determined on the basis of the analysis of the Ukraine Integration to the EU DSM Roadmap and the E-Government Development Concept in Ukraine.

Practical significance. Research materials will contribute to synthesized understanding of state policy priorities in terms of introduction and implementation of e-government program in Ukraine. Studies results may be used in course of preparation to classes in such disciplines as «Informative Activity of State Power Bodies», «Public Communications in Information Environment» as well as educational literature and educational-methodic materials. In the scientific-and-research sphere, the results may be used as a ground for further research of e-government issue.

Key words: e-government, E-Government Development Concept in Ukraine, the Ministry of Digital Transformation, EGAP program, EGOV4UKRAINE project, the Ukraine Integration to the EU DSM Roadmap.
ГОЛОВНІ АСПЕКТИ СПІВПРАЦІ ФАХІВЦІВ З ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ СПРАВИ З ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИМИ АГЕНЦІЯМИ
Authors: Berezenko V. , Ivanets T.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the article is to consider the main aspects of cooperation of information specialists working in the information departments of large enterprises, business companies, public administration and local government, with news agencies.

Research methodology. The following methods were used to clarify the main aspects of the cooperation of information specialists with news agencies and to determine its most common types and specific features: analysis, descriptive, classifications and generalizations.

Results. The article focuses on the main aspects of cooperation of information specialists working in the information departments of large enterprises, business companies, public administration and local government, with news agencies. According to the results of the study, the main aspects of cooperation of information specialists working in the information departments of large enterprises, business companies, public administration and local government with news agencies are: meeting the current information needs of modern society, especially the information process in modern conditions of development of information and communication technologies and information and communication culture of subjects of information relations.

The concepts of information process, information need and information culture are revealed and their significance for information and communication activities of information departments of enterprises, organizations, institutions and news agencies is substantiated.

Emphasis is placed on the fact that the formation of the so-called «agenda» by news agencies, ranking news, the ability to receive comments from reputable experts, online versions of news, the convenience of organizing their sites – all this affects the choice of news agencies by users. their role and importance in the development of information processes and the rating of use.

Novelty. The scientific novelty of the study is to identify the main aspects of information and communication activities of information and communication specialists in the context of their cooperation with modern news agencies as the main sources of current news information.

Practical significance. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of their use in the preparation of educational programs on information and communication activities, training of specialists in the field of information and in the development of training and research courses on this issue.

Key words: information, information activity, information agency, information culture, information process, communication.
An analysis of Gen Z’s Purchase intention of Video Games within Metro Manila
Authors: Lim Lian Thorjie , Peralta Enrico Miguel , Solano Martin Jego
Published: March 2022

Advertisements are regarded as one of the most efficient ways in which a brand can send a message to its customers. More than this, advertisements are also the easiest way in which consumers are able to know more about certain products and services offered by companies that are available in the market. It is because of the effectiveness of advertisements in creating consumer demand that companies invest large sums of money in advertising. As the world continues to structurally shift from traditional to digital media, companies are now integrating social media advertising activities and strategies into their business models. This study identifies three variables that can potentially affect Gen Z’s purchase intention towards video games, such as product trust, consumer attitude towards targeted advertising, and social media advertising activities. A Structural Equation Modelling was used for this study to determine the relationships between the variables that contribute to the overall purchase intention of Gen Z’s towards video games.
O ensino-aprendizagem de matemática sendo basilar para aprender biologia no ensino médio na perspectiva do professor
Authors: Costa Suerlane da , Rocha Ana Paula Francisca Pires da , Oliveira George Laylson da Silva
Published: March 2022

Os sujeitos desta investigação foram 10 docentes das disciplinas de biologia e matemática de escolas do município de Guarantã do Norte – MT, atuantes no ensino fundamental e médio da educação básica, no segundo semestre de 2020. Os dados foram coletados via questionário online com perguntas abertas e fechadas, que permitiram uma análise qualitativa que possibilitou descrever as relações sob a ótica dos professores entre o ensino-aprendizagem de Matemática e a aprendizagem de Biologia no ensino médio. Através da análise das respostas dos professores aos questionários, foi possível identificar que estes profissionais reconhecem a relação existente entre o ensino-aprendizagem da Matemática e o aprendizado de biologia no ensino médio, ademais os docentes caracterizam a relação entre essas disciplinas como de muita importância para o aprendizado dos alunos. Porém embora haja o reconhecimento da importância dessa relação, foi possível verificar que existem dificuldades da parte dos alunos e, por vezes, até mesmo dos professores em dominar os conteúdos matemáticos, o que pode dificultar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da Biologia. Desse modo, foi possível concluir que sob a ótica do professor, existe uma importante relação entre o ensino-aprendizagem da Matemática e o aprendizado de Biologia no ensino médio, já que prévios conhecimentos de Matemática são necessários para o aprendizado de diversas áreas da Biologia. Dessa forma, dificuldades associadas ao ensino-aprendizagem da Matemática podem representar prejuízos ao aprendizado geral do aluno, incluindo na disciplina de Biologia.
Pneumocephalus after surgical treatment of NOE fracture: Case report
Authors: Gomes Vinicius Rodrigues , Ferreira Filho Josfran da Silva , Castello Branco Lais Tajra de , Gondim Ricardo Franklin , Menezes Junior José Maria Sampaio , Carvalho Abrahão Cavalcante Gomes de Souza
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Naso-orbital-ethmoidal fractures are complex fractures involving the bones of the nose, orbit region, maxilla and ethmoid. This complex structure has a close relationship with the brain and the orbital region, which frequently suffer injuries during trauma. Among traumatic brain injuries, there is the pneumoencephalon. The present study aims to report the treatment of a patient who suffered an accident involving a rural animal. Case Report: A 63-year-old male patient was brought to the highly complex hospital for the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology service, five days after the trauma. The physical examination showed traumatic telecanthus,anisocoria and mydriasis of the right eye, right eyelid ptosis, laceration in the right eyebrow and deviation of the nasal bone to the left. In the imaging exam (computed tomography), traces of fractures were observed in the nasal bone region, medial orbital wall, infra-orbital margin, frontal-zygomatic pillar and right orbital blow out fracture. After a surgical approach to fix the fractures, it was observed the development of a hypodense area in the intracranial region, suggestive of pneumocephalus. Conclusion: These complications, such as pneumocephalus, must be diagnosed early and appropriate treatment must be started as soon as possible to reduce possible sequelae, requiring the intervention of a multidisciplinary team.
Uso do Nusinersen na Atrofia Muscular Espinhal do tipo 1. Revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Belizário Mirella Viviani Amaral Assis , Berlanga Juliana Ferreira Ura , Souza Cláudia Elaine Cestari , Moreira Cláudia Maria Dias , Arruda Marillis Mesquita Gonçalves de , Oliveira Nathália de , Oliveira Maria Inês Vaz de
Published: March 2022

A atrofia muscular espinhal do tipo 1 é uma doença neurodegenerativa, causada por uma deleção ou mutação do gene SMN1. Existe atualmente no Brasil apenas um medicamento aprovado para seu tratamento, que é o nusinersen. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica para demonstrar a eficácia do nusinersen no tratamento da atrofia muscular espinhal do tipo1. Assim como, discorrer sobre os estudos clínicos realizados e os avanços do tratamento no ganho de marco motor, função motora, uso de ventilação mecânica e segurança do tratamento. No grupo nusinersen, 22% dos bebês alcançaram o controle total da cabeça, 10% conseguiram rolar, 8% conseguiram sentar-se independentemente e 1% conseguiu ficar em pé; no grupo de controle, nenhum bebê atingiu esses marcos. Em relação a função motora, foi usada a escala CHOP -INTEND, que mostrou uma pontuação maior que 40, foi observado em nenhum dos 13 bebês com duas cópias do gene no início do estudo e aumentou para sete dos 13 participantes na última visita no grupo de 12 mg. No geral, o risco de morte ou o uso de ventilação assistida permanente foi 47% menor no grupo nusinersen do que no grupo controle.  O uso do nusinersen se mostrou eficaz no ganho de marcos motores e uso de ventilação assistida e até mesmo numa sobrevida maior. Entretanto, ele fica atado ao início dos sintomas e a quantidade de cópias de gene SMN2. Quanto a força motora necessita-se de mais estudos do uso de nusinersen no retorno da força muscular.
A violência contra os camponeses e camponesas no Maranhão durante as décadas de 1980 e 1990
Authors: Silva José Carlos Aragão , Lima Jascira da Silva
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo problematizar e interpretar os dados acerca dos conflitos de terra ocorridos no estado do Maranhão durante as duas últimas décadas do século XX. Período em que ficaram latentes as violências contra camponeses/as, tanto pelas investidas criminosas de latifundiários, quanto pela negação de ação mediadora de conflitos por parte do estado. O percurso metodológico levou em consideração as experiências dos pesquisadores nesta área de conhecimento, o levantamento e análises dos relatórios produzidos pela Comissão Pastoral da Terra (CPT) ao longo do período investigado e as produções bibliográficas sobre o tema em discussão. Os resultados destacados no texto evidenciam, em números, as mortes, a violência e a omissão do estado para com os camponeses/as maranhenses vítimas da ganância dos fazendeiros e do agronegócio. A resistência a diversas formas de violência sofridas pelos camponeses/as é ressaltada em nossa narrativa na força que emerge das organizações e dos Movimentos Sociais em parcerias com a igreja, a CPT e o desejo de lutar e permanecer na terra. Desejo que tem sido determinante para avançar nas conquistas camponesas ao longo de mais de três décadas de luta no campo.
Composição física e físico-química de frutos da Terminalia catappa Linn variedades roxa e amarela e de suas amêndoas
Authors: Lopes Caroline Brasil , Vieira João Ângelo Mascarenhas do Nascimento , Fernandes Taísa Vieira , Rodrigues Tatiana Zanella , Guerra Ingrid Conceição Dantas
Published: March 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as características físicas e físico-químicas dos frutos de T. catappa L. variedades roxa e amarela bem como a composição de suas amêndoas. Os frutos foram obtidos em árvores existentes no município de João Pessoa, Paraíba e foram avaliados quanto a suas características morfológicas e testes físicos de cor, Atividade de água (Aw), pH e testes físico-químicos de acidez, umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lipídeos, carboidratos e teor de taninos. As amêndoas foram submetidas a testes físicos de Aw e pH e testes físico-químicos de acidez, umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lipídeos e carboidratos. Os resultados mostraram que as duas variedades de frutos da castanholeira possuem umidade elevada, pH ácido e baixo conteúdo de proteínas e lipídeos. Quando comparadas as duas variedades obteve-se diferença estatística significativa (p<0,05) apenas para a acidez e teor de taninos sendo a variedade amarela a que apresentou valores maiores. Na avaliação da amêndoa constatou-se que a composição da mesma apresenta maior percentual de proteínas seguido de lipídeos e carboidratos e significativo conteúdo mineral. Os frutos da T. catappa L reúnem características físicas e físico-químicas para serem utilizados no desenvolvimento de outros produtos de modo que possam se tornar mais atrativos para consumo humano já que não são consumidos de forma direta. As amêndoas possuem composição semelhante a outras castanhas amplamente consumidas no país se apresentando como alternativas para consumo direto na alimentação.
Preservação alveolar pós exodontia para posterior instalação de implante dentário: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Lima Ricardo Seixas de Paiva , Lima Gustavo Seixas de Paiva , Massuda Carlos Kiyoshi Moreira , Reis Francisco Carlos dos Santos , Sendyk Wilson Roberto , Marão Heloisa Fonseca
Published: March 2022

Várias são as causas que podem levar a perda de um elemento dentário, tais como: fratura dentária, doença periodontal, entre outras. A remoção deste dente faz com que o tecido ósseo que o circunda, passe por uma perda fisiológica. Com o intuito de manter a altura e espessura óssea (preservação alveolar), para a futura reabilitação deste paciente com implante dentário, faz-se uso de enxerto ósseo e membrana. Portanto, o objetivo do trabalho foi descrever a técnica realizada em um caso clínico, no qual foi preservado um alvéolo que devido a sua deficiência óssea, não era possível a instalação de um implante. O elemento removido foi o 15 devido a uma fratura radicular, sendo o alvéolo preenchido com enxerto ósseo xenôgeno, juntamente com uma membrana reabsorvível, visando a proservação deste alvéolo, para futura instalação de um implante. Foi concluído que a proservação alveolar com a utilização de enxerto xenógeno e membrana reabsorvível, é uma técnica favorável que proporcionou a quantidade óssea necessária e a preservação das paredes ósseas, viabilizando uma futura instalação de implante.
“Strong, but Anxious State”: The Fantasmatic Narratives on Ontological Insecurity and Anxiety in Turkey
Authors: ADİSONMEZ Umut Can , ONURSAL Recep
Published: March 2022

The political discourse on the problem of state survival in Turkey is hegemonic. What is central to this discourse is Sévresphobia: the idea that Turkey is surrounded by internal and external enemies who are ready to destroy it. This article aims to explain why the political discourse on the problem of state survival in Turkey sustains itself over time and how it captures the collective mode of being. The article argues that fantasmatic narratives play an important role in maintaining the hegemonic discourse and governing collective anxiety. First, fantasmatic narratives simplify the socio-political space by offering a comforting explanation for the ongoing insecurities and making anxiety tolerable. Second, they act as an ideological force by keeping the political dimension of the discourse on ontological security at bay. Drawing on the Post-foundational Theory of Discourse (PTD) and Ontological Security Theory (OST), the article problematizes and analyzes the political discourse on the problem of state survival in Turkey.
‘Still may these Attic Glories Reign’: How Eighteenth-Century Whig Taste was Shaped by a Political Metaphor
Authors: Brunton Anna
Published: March 2022

According to the cultural historian Peter Burke, cultural history concentrates on the ‘symbolic element in all human activities’. Building on Burke's remark, this essay examines how a particular set of metaphorical ideas shaped new approaches to material and visual culture in the eighteenth-century. The analysis applies a methodologically innovative approach, that of conceptual metaphor theory. This approach is generally used to analyse the hidden ideology found in contemporary political discourse, which finds that the use of similar metaphors by an ‘in’ group not only reinforces their own ideology, but also serves to create a sense of the ‘other’, or outsider, and so embodies a power imbalance. The results of my analysis suggest that Whig writers used the metaphor of ancient Greece to create an exclusionary discourse, defined against what they saw as negative values held by an oppositional ‘other’, in this case Catholic Europe. Whig writers mapped the metaphor of ancient Greece on to their interpretation of political liberty, and this same linguistic patterning shaped concepts of visual and material taste within Whig culture.
YETİŞKİNLERDE TUZ TÜKETİM ÖZELLİKLERİ VE ETİKET OKUMA ALIŞKANLIĞIYLA İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: KÖKSOY VAYISOĞLU Sümbüle , ÖNCÜ Emine , KARA Ayşe , ATEŞ Merve
Published: March 2022

Yüksek tuz tüketimi pek çok hastalık için risk faktörüdür. Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmada yetişkinlerin tuz tüketimine ilişkin bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarnı belirlemek ve etiket okuma alışkanlığıyla ilişkisini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri Ağustos – Kasım 2020 tarihleri arasında bir ildeki alışveriş veriş merkezinin kafeteryasında olasılıksız örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 130 kişiden “Tuz Tüketim Özellikleri Anketi” ve “Gıda Etiketi Okuma ve Sayısal Okuryazarlık” ölçeği ve tansiyon ölçümü ile toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş ortancası 40,0 yıl (28.00- 55.75), 20 kişinin (%15.40) tuz kısıtlamasını gerektiren bir sağlık sorunu vardı ve 98’i (%75.40) günlük tuz tüketimlerini kontrol etmek için hiçbir şey yapmıyordu. Gıda etiketinde en sık okunan bilgi son kullanma tarihiyken (90 kişi, %69.20), 105 kişi (%80.80) hiçbir zaman tuz-sodyum oranına bakmamıştı. Besin etiketinde tuz-sodyum miktarını okuyanların tuz tüketimini kontrol etme eğilimi (p=0.004) ve tuza ilişkin bilgi puan ortalamaları okumayanlardan yüksekti (p≤0.001). Toplumda gıda etiketi okuma alışkanlığının yeterince yaygın olmadığı ve günlük tuz tüketiminin azaltılmasına yönelik farkındalığın düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Tuz tüketiminin azaltılması için toplumda farkındalığın arttırılması gerekmektedir.
Biomechanical Evaluation of a Low-Invasive Elbow Medial Collateral Ligament Reconstruction Technique With Fascia and Tendon Patches
Authors: Liu Wenjun , Xiong Hao , Chen Shuai , Zhang Jingwei , Wang Wei , Qian Yun , Fan Cunyi
Published: March 2022

Background: Injury to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the elbow has become increasingly common in sports, and the elbow is prone to contracture and ossification in trauma. Effective reconstruction of the MCL with reduction of irritation to the elbow has rarely been reported. This study introduces a minimally invasive elbow MCL reconstruction technique and evaluates the valgus stability.

Methods: Eight fresh-frozen elbow specimens underwent reconstruction of the anterior bundle of the MCL (AMCL) first with the flexor carpi ulnaris fascia patches, followed by reconstruction of the posterior bundle of the MCL (PMCL) with the triceps tendon patches. The valgus angles of each specimen were examined in three stages as follows: intact MCL, reconstruction of the AMCL alone, and reconstruction of the MCL (including AMCL and PMCL). Finally, specimens were loaded to failure, and failure modes were recorded.

Results: AMCL reconstruction alone had similar valgus stability at all testing angles (p = 0.080, 30° flexion; p = 0.064, 60° flexion; p = 0.151, 90° flexion; p = 0.283, 120° flexion) compared with the intact MCL, as did MCL reconstruction (p = 0.951, 30° flexion; p = 0.739, 60° flexion; p = 0.841, 90° flexion; p = 0.538, 120° flexion). More importantly, a significant difference existed between the MCL reconstruction and the AMCL reconstruction alone at 30° flexion (p = 0.043) and 60° flexion (p = 0.013) but not at the 90° flexion (p = 0.369) and 120° flexion (p = 0.879). The mean maximum failure torque of MCL reconstruction was 24.02 Nm at 90° elbow flexion.

Conclusion: Both AMCL reconstruction alone and MCL reconstruction provided valgus stability comparable with the native MCL, and importantly, MCL reconstruction provided more valgus stability than AMCL reconstruction alone at 30° flexion and 60° flexion of the elbow. Therefore, the new MCL reconstruction technique might be a useful guide for the treatment of elbow MCL injuries or deficiencies.
C9orf72-Derived Proline:Arginine Poly-Dipeptides Modulate Cytoskeleton and Mechanical Stress Response
Authors: Shiota Tomo , Nagata Riko , Kikuchi Sotaro , Nanaura Hitoki , Matsubayashi Masaya , Nakanishi Mari , Kobashigawa Shinko , Isozumi Noriyoshi , Kiriyama Takao , Nagayama Kazuaki , Sugie Kazuma , Yamashiro Yoshito , Mori Eiichiro
Published: March 2022

Proline:arginine (PR) poly-dipeptides from the GGGGCC repeat expansion in C9orf72 have cytotoxicity and bind intermediate filaments (IFs). However, it remains unknown how PR poly-dipeptides affect cytoskeletal organization and focal adhesion (FA) formation. Here, we show that changes to the cytoskeleton and FA by PR poly-dipeptides result in the alteration of cell stiffness and mechanical stress response. PR poly-dipeptides increased the junctions and branches of the IF network and increased cell stiffness. They also changed the distribution of actin filaments and increased the size of FA and intracellular calcium concentration. PR poly-dipeptides or an inhibitor of IF organization prevented cell detachment. Furthermore, PR poly-dipeptides induced upregulation of mechanical stress response factors and led to a maladaptive response to cyclic stretch. These results suggest that the effects of PR poly-dipeptides on mechanical properties and mechanical stress response may serve as a pathogenesis of C9orf72-related neurodegeneration.
Development of Tumor Mutation Burden-Related Prognostic Model and Novel Biomarker Identification in Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Fu Min , Huang Yongbiao , Peng Xiaohong , Li Xiaoyu , Luo Na , Zhu Wenjun , Yang Feng , Chen Ziqi , Ma Shengling , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Qianxia , Hu Guangyuan
Published: March 2022

Background: Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is one of the most common tumors. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) has been linked to immunotherapy response. We wanted to see if there was any link between TMB and cancer prognosis.

Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to obtain mutation data, gene expression profiles, and clinical data. We looked at the differences in gene expression and immune markers between low and high TMB groups, built an immune prognostic model, and created a dynamic nomograph App that may be used in the clinic. Simultaneously, We ran the immunotherapy prediction and model comparison at the same time. Finally, model gene mutation and copy number variation (CNV) were displayed. The cellular functional experiments were used to investigate the potential role of GLP2R in gastric cancer.

Results: Firstly, basic mutation information and differences in immune infiltration in STAD are revealed. Secondly, the prognostic model developed by us has good accuracy, and the corresponding dynamic nomograph Apps online and immunotherapy prediction facilitate clinical transformation. Furthermore, GLP2R knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration of gastric cancer cells in vitro.

Conclusion: Our findings imply that TMB plays a significant role in the prognosis of STAD patients from a biological perspective. GLP2R may serve as a potential target for gastric cancer.