bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRADITIONS OF THE KAZAKHS ASSOCIATED WITH A PREGNANT WOMAN, CHILDBIRTH AND UPBRINGING (COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS WITH SOME OTHER TURKIC PEOPLES)
Authors: Tynaikulova Moldir
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The article uses data collected by the author from all over the country. Based on the available data and were divided the Kazakh system of rituals associated with a pregnant woman, her childbirth and upbringing into three main stages: prenatal rites; childbirth customs; postnatal customs. The study revealed that the customs of the Kazakh people are connected with the customs of neighboring peoples, including the Turkic-speaking peoples of Siberia and Central Asia. In addition to the origin of these customs, their semantic meaning was analyzed.

The analysis of customs related to a pregnant woman, given in the article, makes it possible to identify the criteria that influenced and influence the position of a woman in the family and society, raising or lowering her status.

Materials and methods: in ethnographic studies, information about Kazakh customs related to childbirth is extremely rare, so the article materials are based on the authentic personal experiences of the author.

The main principles of the study were differentiated using several methods. The first, comparative-historical method: customs were studied depending on certain features (the time and place of the custom, the composition and number of participants, the main custom actions, the objects used in the custom, the meaning of the custom), and on the basis of them, common and special features were determined in the historical sequence. Second, the method of regularity: to consider the custom as the main component of the traditional worldview and system of life forms. Third, the interdisciplinary method: data from disciplines related to ethnography (linguistics, folklore studies, religious studies) were used to identify stable and changing elements of the custom.

In the course of the work, methods of observation and communication, widely used in the world sociological and ethnological sciences, were also used. The analysis of the traditions of the Kazakh people related to the birth of children by comparing them with the customs of the peoples of Siberia and Central Asia contributed to the differentiation of their genetic and cultural commonality. In the differentiation of the topic from a new point of view, the principles of objective and critical analysis and critical study developed at the present stage were the main ones. Problem-chronological, comparative-historical approaches were also used. In particular, the systematization of comparative data served as the basis for determining the relationship of an ethnographic group with an ethnically related group and the consequences of its influence.
Bayesian Formulation of Time-Dependent Carrier-Borne Epidemic Model with a Single Carrier
Authors: Deo Vishal , Grover Gurprit , Vajala Ravi , Yadav Chandra Bhan
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the time dependent carrier-borne epidemic model defined by Weiss in 1965 has been adopted into a Bayesian framework for the estimation of its parameters. A complete methodological structure has been proposed for estimating the relative infection rate and probability of survival of k out of m susceptibles after time t from the start of the epidemic. The methodology has been proposed assuming a single carrier to simplify the study of the behavioral validity of the fitted Bayesian model with respect to time and relative infection rate. Further, the proposed model has been implemented on two real data sets- the typhoid epidemic data from Zermatt in Switzerland and the Covid-19 epidemic data from Kerala in India. Results show that the proposed methodology produces reliable predictions which are consistent with those of the maximum likelihood estimates and with expected epidemiological patterns.
Popravki avtorjev
Authors: Harlander Matevž , Lestan David , Turel Matjaž , Drnovšek Globokar Mojca , Mušič Elizabeta Špela , Pirc Dejan , Fileković Ribarič Suada , Gradišek Michael , Greif Boris , Jaksch Peter , Klepetko Walter , Štupnik Tomaž
Published: March 2023

Ni izvlečka.
Making (female) health care work matter
Authors: Reißmann Wolfgang , Siemon Miriam , Lünenborg Margreth , Raetzsch Christoph
Published: March 2023

Over the last two years, digital media have contributed significantly to increasing the visibility of those who are outstandingly challenged by the pandemic. In Germany, the Twitter hashtag #systemrelevant [systemically relevant] initiated a public debate on values and working conditions. Applying the practice-theory-based concept of performative publics, we analyze the formation of this specific public with a special focus on its gendered structure. Results of our mixed-methods approach show how health care work has become the dominant issue of #systemrelevant. Civil society actors and engaged health care workers set the agenda, and journalism primarily responds to these voices. Although care work is performed predominantly by women, most of the attention online is given to men. However, on the level of tweets and linked content, the discourse in #systemrelevant counteracts stereotypical images of women in health care. Overall, the ethnographic data on the most significant collective actor show a continuous tension between symbolic recognition and their struggle for improving working conditions.
Me, myself, I:
Authors: Delport Mardi , Mulder Dalme
Published: March 2023

Digital technologies have sparked a renewed focus on radio personalities. Radio personalities are, by virtue of their profession, performers, and social media offers a stage on which to enact their professional and personal identities. Drawing on Goffman’s (1959) theatre metaphor, this study explored the way radio presenters display their personal and professional identities online. This research evolved from the difficulty that seems to exist in the interplay between a personal online identity and an online personal brand. The qualitative study was embedded within an interpretative and constructivist paradigm. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with radio personalities of a commercial radio station in South Africa and were triangulated with content analysis of the presenters’ social networking profiles. The findings extend existing scholarship by suggesting that radio personalities display differently configured online characters. The study makes a theoretical contribution by highlighting that radio personalities’ actions on social media should be informed by a strategic marketing approach in achieving individual and business goals.
Beretning om Tidsskrift.dk og ebooks.au.dk i 2022
Authors: Fogtmann-Schulz Alexandra , Boserup Thestrup Jesper , Iversen Rie Karen Marie
Published: March 2023

I 2022 har tidsskrift.dk været en del af Det Kgl. Biblioteks Open Science strategi. Arbejdet i forbindelse med Det Kgl. Biblioteks publiceringsservice har i 2022 været præget af en opgradering af Open Journal Systems (OJS) serveren og Open Monograph Press (OMP) serveren samt den løbende drift af de to servere.

Det Det Kgl. Bibliotek gennemførte i 2022 i samarbejde med Aalborg Universitetsbibliotek, CBS Bibliotek og Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) et projekt for at få optaget flere danske Open Access (OA) tidsskrifter i DOAJ.Der blev udarbejdet nye brugervejledninger, gennemført opdateringer og afholdt vejledning og support til tidsskrifterne.
International Trade, Labour Market and Economic Growth in Long Term
Authors: Auzina-Emsina Astra
Published: March 2023

General global trend in advanced economies indicates decreasing working hours and increasing labour productivity. The aim of the research is to examine the existing relationships between hours worked, labour productivity and international trade in the long-term. In the study, OECD and more in detail, some EU countries (Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Poland, Germany) are selected. The research period is 1995–2021. The results indicate that employees are working fewer hours, receiving more and generating larger economic output per person employed. This relation is detected in many EU countries. In the long term, advanced and stable economies (such as Germany) differ from emerging and previously so-called transition economies (Poland, Latvia etc.) in the EU. More efficient use of labour resources is linked with both application of modern technologies and the growing importance of high-tech industries that lead to higher economic output. High energy costs impact the selection of technologies, replacement to more efficient ones and innovations in the production process, transportation and storage. The results argue that high-tech exports are strongly linked with high-tech imports due to high import dependency. Faster well-balanced recovery and stable performance are expected in the majority of countries and market segments domestically in the post-COVID era.
Meaningful Gamification Outcomes for Business Needs
Authors: Bernovskis Arturs
Published: March 2023

The objective of this article is to analyze the factors that are important for implementing meaningful gamification in a for-profit organization. The author uses a systematic literature review method to explore gamification outcomes' relevance to corporate culture. The application of gamification has demonstrated a significant positive effect on several key areas, including the enhancement of motivation, the improvement of knowledge retention, and an increase in general enjoyment. Many studies have reported that gamification has positively affected employees or customers, improving their knowledge, attitudes, and loyalty to a brand. Company culture is an important differentiator in a competitive environment, and there are correlations between Company culture values and gamification motivation affordance.
Assessment of the Deadweight Loss Arising from the Information Asymmetry in The Banking Market
Authors: Freimanis Kristaps , Šenfelde Maija
Published: March 2023

Market failures lead to the deadweight (welfare) loss for the society. Assessment of the deadweight loss started with so called the Harberger Triangles, where Harberger offered a clear and persuasive derivation of the triangle method of analyzing the deadweight loss and applied the method to estimate deadweight losses due to income taxes in the United States. Harberger’s approach is based on the deviation of market equilibrium measured in terms of price and quantity. When analyzing the information asymmetry as one of the market failures authors have identified in the literature variables for “price” and “quantity”. Research hypothesis is that there is the deadweight loss arising from the information asymmetry in euro area. Research then presents the approach how to calculate the deadweight loss arising from the information asymmetry using the following variables: “price” – interest rates (loans). quantity” – exposure of loans on banks’ balance sheets. Research methods used: literature analysis, regression analysis, mathematical analysis tools (integrals).
Pedagogy of Rethinking: Teaching Students to Transform Conventional Professional Practices to Sustainable Ones
Authors: Radomska Marharyta , Khalaim Oleksandra , Rusinska Malgorzata , Cherniak Larysa , Wozna Anna , Zeltina Mara
Published: March 2023

Sustainable development serves an umbrella concept for the transformation of individual and professional life. Students of higher educational institutions must acquire the skills of sustainable decision making and practicing, which will be applied in their working place. They might face problems in changing the existing professional practices to sustainable ones. The experience of ESD methods application in the universities of Ukraine, Poland, and Latvia was analysed in order to define common challenges and issues encountered by the supervisors of the courses, which included design of a project. The courses with projects were taught to the students of all three education levels with various backgrounds: Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Transport Technologies, and Management. The central idea of those projects was to transform chosen industrial and managerial practices to ones aligned with the SDGs. A self-assessment of course results, comparative analysis of methods and approaches used yield a list of recommendations and methods that contribute to the rethinking capacity for transformation of any professional field practices towards the principles of sustainability. In particular, it is clear that the project course should be co-created using transformative learning approach and “flipped classroom” to stimulate generation of students’ ideas. Equally important is to adapt SDGs to each professional field not only highlighting their varied applicability but also conceptual equivalence. The important result of project-based learning is also action competence of students, being ready and interested to implement sustainability principles in their work and see them as options for entrepreneurship and business development.
A CLOUDLESS STAR: NOTES ON A LATIN ELEGY BY GERARD MANLEY HOPKINS
Authors: Lenahan Helen
Published: March 2023

By profession, Gerard Manley Hopkins was a Classicist. From his novitiate to his death, he taught Greek and Latin at Jesuit schools in England, then at University College Dublin. Remarks in his journals and letters make clear his deep and lifelong engagement with Classics, and the influence of classical literature, particularly the work of Pindar and the Pre-Socratic philosophers, on his English poetry has been observed by numerous critics. Subject to less attention are the poems Hopkins composed in Latin, which include verse composition and translations from English. This article considers one such poem, an original Latin elegy composed in 1867, and explores its language, imagery, literary influences, and possible interpretations.
A systematic assessment of preclinical multilaboratory studies and a comparison to single laboratory studies
Authors: Hunniford Victoria T , Grudniewicz Agnes , Fergusson Dean A , Montroy Joshua , Grigor Emma , Lansdell Casey , Lalu Manoj M ,   On behalf of The Canadian Critical Care Translational Biology Group
Published: March 2023

Background:

Multicentric approaches are widely used in clinical trials to assess the generalizability of findings, however, they are novel in laboratory-based experimentation. It is unclear how multilaboratory studies may differ in conduct and results from single lab studies. Here, we synthesized the characteristics of these studies and quantitatively compared their outcomes to those generated by single laboratory studies.

Methods:

MEDLINE and Embase were systematically searched. Screening and data extractions were completed in duplicate by independent reviewers. Multilaboratory studies investigating interventions using in vivo animal models were included. Study characteristics were extracted. Systematic searches were then performed to identify single lab studies matched by intervention and disease. Difference in standardized mean differences (DSMD) was then calculated across studies to assess differences in effect estimates based on study design (>0 indicates larger effects in single lab studies).

Results:

Sixteen multilaboratory studies met inclusion criteria and were matched to 100 single lab studies. The multicenter study design was applied across a diverse range of diseases, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, myocardial infarction, and diabetes. The median number of centers was four (range 2–6) and the median sample size was 111 (range 23–384) with rodents most frequently used. Multilaboratory studies adhered to practices that reduce the risk of bias significantly more often than single lab studies. Multilaboratory studies also demonstrated significantly smaller effect sizes than single lab studies (DSMD 0.72 [95% confidence interval 0.43–1]).

Conclusions:

Multilaboratory studies demonstrate trends that have been well recognized in clinical research (i.e. smaller treatment effects with multicentric evaluation and greater rigor in study design). This approach may provide a method to robustly assess interventions and the generalizability of findings between laboratories.

Funding:

uOttawa Junior Clinical Research Chair; The Ottawa Hospital Anesthesia Alternate Funds Association; Canadian Anesthesia Research Foundation; Government of Ontario Queen Elizabeth II Graduate Scholarship in Science and Technology
Effects of clozapine-N-oxide and compound 21 on sleep in laboratory mice
Authors: Traut Janine , Mengual Jose Prius , Meijer Elise J , McKillop Laura E , Alfonsa Hannah , Hoerder-Suabedissen Anna , Song Seo Ho , Fehér Kristoffer D , Riemann Dieter , Molnar Zoltan , Akerman Colin J , Vyazovskiy Vladyslav V , Krone Lukas B
Published: March 2023

Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) are chemogenetic tools for remote control of targeted cell populations using chemical actuators that bind to modified receptors. Despite the popularity of DREADDs in neuroscience and sleep research, potential effects of the DREADD actuator clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) on sleep have never been systematically tested. Here, we show that intraperitoneal injections of commonly used CNO doses (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) alter sleep in wild-type male laboratory mice. Using electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) to analyse sleep, we found a dose-dependent suppression of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, changes in EEG spectral power during non-REM (NREM) sleep, and altered sleep architecture in a pattern previously reported for clozapine. Effects of CNO on sleep could arise from back-metabolism to clozapine or binding to endogenous neurotransmitter receptors. Interestingly, we found that the novel DREADD actuator, compound 21 (C21, 3 mg/kg), similarly modulates sleep despite a lack of back-metabolism to clozapine. Our results demonstrate that both CNO and C21 can modulate sleep of mice not expressing DREADD receptors. This implies that back-metabolism to clozapine is not the sole mechanism underlying side effects of chemogenetic actuators. Therefore, any chemogenetic experiment should include a DREADD-free control group injected with the same CNO, C21, or newly developed actuator. We suggest that electrophysiological sleep assessment could serve as a sensitive tool to test the biological inertness of novel chemogenetic actuators.
Parahippocampal neurons encode task-relevant information for goal-directed navigation
Authors: Gonzalez Alexander , Giocomo Lisa M
Published: March 2023

A behavioral strategy crucial to survival is directed navigation to a goal, such as a food or home location. One potential neural substrate for supporting goal-directed navigation is the parahippocampus, which contains neurons that represent an animal’s position, orientation, and movement through the world, and that change their firing activity to encode behaviorally relevant variables such as reward. However, little prior work on the parahippocampus has considered how neurons encode variables during goal-directed navigation in environments that dynamically change. Here, we recorded single units from rat parahippocampal cortex while subjects performed a goal-directed task. The maze dynamically changed goal-locations via a visual cue on a trial-to-trial basis, requiring subjects to use cue-location associations to receive reward. We observed a mismatch-like signal, with elevated neural activity on incorrect trials, leading to rate-remapping. The strength of this remapping correlated with task performance. Recordings during open-field foraging allowed us to functionally define navigational coding for a subset of the neurons recorded in the maze. This approach revealed that head-direction coding units remapped more than other functional-defined units. Taken together, this work thus raises the possibility that during goal-directed navigation, parahippocampal neurons encode error information reflective of an animal’s behavioral performance.
Parahippocampal neurons encode task-relevant information for goal-directed navigation
Authors: Gonzalez Alexander , Giocomo Lisa M.
Published: March 2023

A behavioral strategy crucial to survival is directed navigation to a goal, such as a food or home location. One potential neural substrate for supporting goal-directed navigation is the parahippocampus, which contains neurons that represent an animal’s position, orientation, and movement through the world, and that change their firing activity to encode behaviorally relevant variables such as reward. However, little prior work on the parahippocampus has considered how neurons encode variables during goal-directed navigation in environments that dynamically change. Here, we recorded single units from rat parahippocampal cortex while subjects performed a goal-directed task. The maze dynamically changed goal-locations via a visual cue on a trial-to-trial basis, requiring subjects to use cue-location associations to receive reward. We observed a mismatch-like signal, with elevated neural activity on incorrect trials, leading to rate-remapping. The strength of this remapping correlated with task performance. Recordings during open-field foraging allowed us to functionally define navigational coding for a subset of the neurons recorded in the maze. This approach revealed that head-direction coding units remapped more than other functional-defined units. Taken together, this work thus raises the possibility that during goal-directed navigation, parahippocampal neurons encode error information reflective of an animal’s behavioral performance.
Detection of protein, starch, oil, and moisture content of corn kernels using one-dimensional convolutional autoencoder and near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Cataltas Ozcan , Tutuncu Kemal
Published: March 2023

Background

Analysis of the nutritional values and chemical composition of grain products plays an essential role in determining the quality of the products. Near-infrared spectroscopy has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years due to its advantages in the analysis process. However, preprocessing and regression models in near-infrared spectroscopy are usually determined by trial and error. Combining newly popular deep learning algorithms with near-infrared spectroscopy has brought a new perspective to this area.

Methods

This article presents a new method that combines a one-dimensional convolutional autoencoder with near-infrared spectroscopy to analyze the protein, moisture, oil, and starch content of corn kernels. First, a one-dimensional convolutional autoencoder model was created for three different spectra in the corn dataset. Thirty-two latent variables were obtained for each spectrum, which is a low-dimensional spectrum representation. Multiple linear regression models were built for each target using the latent variables of obtained autoencoder models.

Results

R2, RMSE, and RMSPE were used to show the performance of the proposed model. The created one-dimensional convolutional autoencoder model achieved a high reconstruction rate with a mean RMSPE value of 1.90% and 2.27% for calibration and prediction sets, respectively. This way, a spectrum with 700 features was converted to only 32 features. The created MLR models which use these features as input were compared to partial least squares regression and principal component regression combined with various preprocessing methods. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method has superior performance, especially in MP5 and MP6 datasets.
Comprehensive analysis of COMMD10 as a novel prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer
Authors: Zhao Wenfang , Lin Jiahui , Cheng Sha , Li Huan , Shu Yufeng , Xu Canxia
Published: March 2023

Background

COMMD10 has an important role in the development of certain tumors, but its relevance to gastric cancer (GC) is unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference of COMMD10 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma (STAD) and analyze the correlation between COMMD10 expression and prognosis of STAD patients.

Methods

The expression levels of COMMD10 between STAD and normal tissues were explored using the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In addition, the expression of COMMD10 in GC was further validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, qRT-PCR and Western blot. Dot blot experiments were used for exploring m6A expression levels in tissues with high and low COMMD10 expression. Kaplan–Meier analysis and COX regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between COMMD10 and STAD prognosis. A nomogram was constructed to predict the survival probability of STAD patients. GO and KEGG functional enrichment of COMMD10-related genes were performed. The Corrlot software package was used to analyze the correlation between COMMD10 expression levels and m6A modifications in STAD. An analysis of immune infiltration based on the CIBERSOFT and the single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) method was performed.

Results

COMMD10 expression was significantly associated with multiple cancers, including STAD in TCGA. COMMD10 expression was elevated in STAD cancer tissues compared to paracancerous tissues. COMMD10 upregulation was associated with poorer overall survival (OS), clinical stage, N stage, and primary treatment outcome in STAD. Functional enrichment of COMMD10-related genes was mainly involved in biological processes such as RNA localization, RNA splicing, RNA transport, mRNA surveillance pathways, and spliceosomes. The dot blot experiment showed that m6A levels were higher in cancer tissues with high COMMD10 expression compared with paracancerous tissues. COMMD10 was significantly correlated with most m6A-related genes. COMMD10 was involved in STAD immune cells infiltration, correlated with macrophage cells expression.

Conclusion

High COMMD10 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis in STAD patients, and its functional realization was related to m6A modification. COMMD10 involved in STAD immune infiltration.
Reporting and interpreting non-significant results in animal cognition research
Authors: Farrar Benjamin G. , Vernouillet Alizée , Garcia-Pelegrin Elias , Legg Edward W. , Brecht Katharina F. , Lambert Poppy J. , Elsherif Mahmoud , Francis Shannon , O’Neill Laurie , Clayton Nicola S. , Ostojić Ljerka
Published: March 2023

How statistically non-significant results are reported and interpreted following null hypothesis significance testing is often criticized. This issue is important for animal cognition research because studies in the field are often underpowered to detect theoretically meaningful effect sizes, i.e., often produce non-significant p-values even when the null hypothesis is incorrect. Thus, we manually extracted and classified how researchers report and interpret non-significant p-values and examined the p-value distribution of these non-significant results across published articles in animal cognition and related fields. We found a large amount of heterogeneity in how researchers report statistically non-significant p-values in the result sections of articles, and how they interpret them in the titles and abstracts. Reporting of the non-significant results as “No Effect” was common in the titles (84%), abstracts (64%), and results sections (41%) of papers, whereas reporting of the results as “Non-Significant” was less common in the titles (0%) and abstracts (26%), but was present in the results (52%). Discussions of effect sizes were rare (<5% of articles). A p-value distribution analysis was consistent with research being performed with low power of statistical tests to detect effect sizes of interest. These findings suggest that researchers in animal cognition should pay close attention to the evidence used to support claims of absence of effects in the literature, and—in their own work—report statistically non-significant results clearly and formally correct, as well as use more formal methods of assessing evidence against theoretical predictions.
Influence of Cultural Differences on Word Meaning and Semantic Comprehension in English-Chinese Translation
Authors: Yan Kong
Published: March 2023

In this study, we conduct the in-depth analysis of influence of cultural differences on the word meaning and semantic comprehension in English-Chinese translation. Translation is a speech activity that re-expresses what is expressed in the first language (source language) in a second language (target language), hence, the consideration of the cultural issues will be essential. In the process of English-Chinese translation, the application of form and meaning in English and Chinese is not absolutely separated, that is, Chinese is not only expressed in terms of meaning and English is not only expressed in form. We provide the novel suggestions for the translation methods considering the culture which will guide the translation performance.
Multi-Terminal Platform for Blended Training of English Micro-Lectures Under the Trend of Smart Guiding Data and Online Integration
Authors: Kong Yan
Published: March 2023

This paper proposes a software development system and method for multi-terminal embedded platform, which effectively integrates the development environment of each terminal embedded platform into a unified platform. The emergence of a large number of micro-lectures has provided a large number of high-quality resources for the classroom teaching practice of the blended teaching mode. Taking the teaching of industrial English courses as an example, this paper conducts practical research on the blended teaching mode based on micro-course resources. Users can easily develop applications based on various platforms without installing various cumbersome development environments and configuring terminal platforms on the local computer. A hybrid teaching mode framework is designed, and an evaluation method is proposed. Teaching practice shows that the use of blended teaching mode enhances the teaching effect, and it is worth popularizing in the basic computer courses of colleges and universities.
Territorialidad en construcción : el caso de la colonización residencial del espacio rural en la Provincia de Chacabuco, Región Metropolitana (1980-2020)
Authors:   , Larraín Suckel Javiera Paz
Published: March 2023

La siguiente tesis busca indagar sobre las transformaciones territoriales de la Provincia de Chacabuco en los últimos 40 años a partir del intenso proceso de colonización residencial de su espacio rural. El área de estudio abarca a la Provincia de Chacabuco en la Región Metropolitana de Chile, donde se generó el esfuerzo de retratar parte importante del problema y sus singularidades en las tres comunas que la comprenden: Colina, Lampa y Til Til. En un primer momento, se identificaron los factores que posibilitaron el avance de la colonización residencial en el espacio rural desde la década 1980 a la actualidad. Luego, se determinó de manera cuantitativa el avance de las viviendas -dando énfasis a las parcelas de agrado- en las zonas rurales de las tres comunas analizadas. Después, utilizando metodología cualitativa, se vislumbraron las principales consecuencias ambientales, económicas y socioculturales de este avance en la urbanización del campo en las últimas cuatro décadas. Finalmente, a partir de los resultados cuantitativos y cualitativos, se examinan una serie de transformaciones territoriales para las comunas investigadas. Este trabajo forma parte del FONDECYT 11190058, “Agradourbanización: estar sin ser en el rural chileno. Fiscalización espacio-temporal de un cambio territorial y socioeconómico en la Región Metropolitana”.
O ambiente regulatório contábil: perspectivas históricas e o desafio das mídias sociais
Authors: De Oliveira Lyss Paula , Silva César Augusto Tibúrcio
Published: March 2023

O estudo busca analisar o ambiente regulatório contábil e a dinâmica envolvendo a divulgação de informações financeiras nas plataformas digitais. Assim, o objetivo é discutir teoricamente o ambiente regulatório contábil e o desafio das mídias sociais. Como método de pesquisa, adotou-se uma revisão de produções teóricas, nacionais e internacionais, desenvolvidas ao longo do tempo, realizada com apoio da base de dados Scopus. Em especial, são feitas reflexões relacionadas às teorias do interesse público, da regulação econômica e dos grupos de interesse econômico. São discutidas questões envolvendo a divulgação de informações contábeis em mídias sociais (MS) e seus desafios aos reguladores. Constatou-se que a regulação contábil é assunto de ampla discussão; atualmente são debatidas questões como o excesso de normas e regras, a necessidade da regulação ser capaz de incorporar os avanços que surgem na teoria da contabilidade e o desafio de regular ambientes interativos e dinâmicos, como as MS. É relevante que os envolvidos com o mercado acionário compreendam os elementos que envolvem o ambiente regulatório contábil e analisem seus efeitos no funcionamento do mercado e que reguladores promovam ações mais assertivas na determinação de padrões e na regulação das MS. O estudo contribui com o avanço do assunto, evidenciando pontos mais sensíveis, como a busca por uma regulação mais independente dos interesses de grupos específicos e a discussão a respeito dos desafios, ao regulador, advindos das mudanças tecnológicas que impactam o modo de vida da sociedade.
Correlation of Serum Testosterone Section Levels in Men with Severity of Liver Dysfunction in Chronic Liver DiseaseAn Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Centre in Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Rajput Naveen Kumar , Kaushik Reshma , Khushwah Shekhar
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) and/or cirrhosis of liver represent different liver disorders of varying severity in which liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis continue for more than 6 months. Various aetiologies including drugs toxins, alcohol abuse, infections, autoimmune disorders, genetic and metabolic diseases are implicated for CLD. Regardless, the aetiology of the CLD, the serum testosterone falls as the disease advances. Aim: To study the serum testosterone level in male patients with CLD and its correlation with the severity of the disease. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on patients reporting to Himalayan Hospital in OPD and IPD between June 2021 to May 2022. A total of 58 male patients of CLD were recruited. All patients were examined with clinical history, physical examination, laboratory blood and biochemical and radiological investigations, including total serum testosterone estimation. Testosterone value of <3 ng/mL was considered as low level. Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) scores and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-sodium (MELD-Na) scores were calculated to assess the severity of CLD. Results: The mean age of the patients was 47.87±10.3 years. The majority of patients, 52/58(89.65%), had low serum testosterone levels. As the severity of CLD increases, the testosterone falls progressively, and the finding was statistically significant (p-value=0.001). The mean testosterone levels (0.9±0.38) in patients with MELD-Na score of ≥20 was significantly (p-value=0.02) lower than the patients with MELDNa score of <20. There was a strong negative correlation between low testosterone and CLD severity. Conclusion: Overall, 89.65% of the patients had a low testosterone level. Serum testosterone level can be an independent marker for the severity of CLD in male patients.
Age-related Induced Resistance Effect on Tomato Seedlings for Producing Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV)-Free Plants and High-quality Seeds
Authors: Hamed H. H. , Hegazi A. Z. , Anany T. G. , Afsah A. F. E.
Published: March 2023

Egypt is facing a major problem in the field of tomato seed production, as infection with the yellow tomato leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most important factors in the success of this important production process, which has an impact on national food security, in addition to facing the steady increase in the costs of importing tomato seeds in particular vegetable crop seeds in general. Therefore, the main objective of the current study is to study plant age-related induced resistance (ARIR) against tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in tomato plants. Several research points were studied, respectively: first, the effect of plant age on resistance to TYLCV virus in tomato plants that is transmitted by whitefly. Second, the detection and identification of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in seeds obtained from seedlings of different ages (35 and 90 days old). Third, study the behavior of the whitefly in terms of the number of eggs and larvae, the percentage of the number of infected plants that showed symptoms of infection with the virus, and its relationship to the age of the seedlings. The results of this study proved that the age of the plant is closely related to the ability of the plant to withstand infection with the tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). The DNA of the tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) was identified from a sample of seeds obtained from plants obtained from 35-day-old seedlings. On the contrary, the DNA of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) was not detected in the seed sample obtained from plants produced from 90-day-old seedlings that were cultivated and adapted inside the nursery. The results also showed that in both protocols, using or without insecticides did not prevent the white fly from laying eggs and producing larvae on the plants. The increase was also gradual in the numbers of eggs and larvae of the white fly, as this activity peaked in the third week of transferring the seedlings to the open field, then those numbers decreased after the third week. This study also demonstrated the effect of positive seedling age (90 days old) on morphological traits related to vegetative growth, fruit production, and seed yield. Among the important benefits obtained was the ability to obtain seeds free of TYLCV in tomato plants, as well as the ability to remove nursery plants that showed early symptoms of the virus, and thus reduce the economic losses caused by the whitefly through the spread of the virus in the open fields.
The Impact of Intellectual Property Quality on Economic Development: Insights from Jiangsu Province
Authors: Fan XuJia , Zhang Tao
Published: March 2023

Aims: This paper gets rid of the limitation of patent quantity of intellectual property, strengthens people's protection on the quality of intellectual property, and makes people realize that intellectual property will eventually be transformed into productivity and have an impact on economic development.

Study Design: The quality of intellectual property is measured through three dimensions: patent market (economic) quality, patent technology quality and patent law quality

Methodology: Based on the essence of patent quality, this paper defines and divides the concept, evaluation system and research index of intellectual property quality, and analyzes the internal relationship and influence mechanism between intellectual property quality and economic development.

Results: The quality of intellectual property is positively correlated with economic development.

Conclusion: The research conclusion puts forward new requirements for the transformation efficiency of intellectual property in the technology market of Jiangsu Province. The ultimate destination of patent invention is to serve the society and promote productivity. It is not only necessary to pay attention to the protection of the "source" of intellectual property, but also to enhance the agglomeration effect of intellectual property in the "economic estuary". It is of great practical significance to realize both "quality" and "quantity" of intellectual property for strengthening the construction of intellectual property, perfecting intellectual property system and promoting economic development.
.NET Tools for Software Development: Tool Selection, Key Benefits of .NET Web Applications
Authors: Smorgun Mykola
Published: March 2023

Aims: This report analysis the top 5 .NET tools that can be used to develop website and software.

Study Design: We have shortlisted the 5 .NET tools that can be used to design and implement website and software.

Methodology: According to Microsoft, .NET is a software-based approach for integrating information, users, technologies, and devices, and it encompasses everything that an organization requires to build and deploy an integrated data architecture: servers used to host services; development tools; and apps that utilize them. We have selected Web essential for Visual studio, Resharper, Ncrunch, NuGet and Elmah tools.

Results: The exposed qualities connect to modern emerging techniques such as components, allocation, software and services, and online redirection. As a result of the available options, .NET is recognized as one of the most extensively used software development platforms. The framework .NET's of devices and technologies as well as their optimal usage in practice, need knowledge with its tool set.

Conclusion: The NET-framework offers a variety of software types, with a focus on producing apps for Windows, mobile devices, and the Internet. Windows applications can be terminal (text-based) or graphical, including drivers, libraries, and services. Applications for mobile devices are created for smartphones and tablets. ASP.NET web services and web applications written for the Internet.
Effect of Herbicides and Nitrogen Levels on Phalaris minor and Its Impact on Nutrient Uptake in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Jeevan N. , Singh J. K. , Singh M. K. , Sharma P. K.
Published: March 2023

In the agricultural research farm of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, a field research study was carried out during the winter (Rabi) season of 2018–19 to examine the impact of levels of nitrogen and herbicides on associated weeds and wheat production. Nine weed species, including Phalaris minor, Anagallis arvensis, Cynodon dactylon, Melilotus indicus, Chenopodium album, Vicia sativa, Medicago denticulata, Solanum nigrum, and Cyperus rotundus, were frequently seen infesting wheat fields. Among these, Phalaris minor was the major weed. Application of Sulfosulfuron (25 g ha-1) + 2, 4-DEE (750 ml ha-1) significantly recorded the lowest weed density and biomass and higher weed control efficiency. HW twice (30&60 DAS) in combination with 180 kg N ha-1 followed by application of Sulfosulfuron (25 g ha-1) + 2, 4-DEE (750 ml ha-1) in combination with 180 kg N ha-1 performed significantly with respect to reduction in density, the biomass of Phalaris minor, as well as increased weed control effectiveness. Nutrient uptake was significantly highest under HW twice plot (30&60 DAS) followed by application of sulfosulfuron (25 g ha-1) + 2, 4-DEE (750 ml ha-1). The overall intake of N, P, and K in wheat grain and straw increased when nitrogen levels were high (180 kg ha-1), but uptake of these nutrients was low when nitrogen levels were low, which was ascribed to reduced plant biomass (grain and straw) and a low proportion of these nutrients in the plant.
Impact of Biotic Stress on Physiochemical Properties of Soil at Doodhpathri Kashmir
Authors: Maqbool Amir , Bano Haleema , Azad Humayun , Bhat Javeed I. A. , Shameem S. A.
Published: March 2023

Anthropogenically disturbed soils have unique properties. In most of the ecosystems, especially under disturbed soil conditions, the soil properties are controlled by the accumulated materials. However, the equilibrium between the already present soil mass and the accumulated soil mass is very fragile and is affected by many factors. This study was carried out in the forest soil of Doodhpathri which is a famous tourist place in Kashmir in the spring and summer seasons at three sites (forest, meadow, and deforested sites) in 2019. Soil samples were collected at 15-30 cm depth. We determined soil texture, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), moisture, organic carbon (OC), available macronutrients (Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus, Calcium, and Magnesium), and heavy metals (Copper; Cu, Nickel; Ni, Cadmium; Cd, Manganese; Mn, Lead; Pb, and Zinc; Zn). Soil texture analysis revealed the soils at all the study sites with a major proportion being comprised by the silt fraction and having a silty clay loam character. pH and electrical conductivity were found to be high at the deforested site in the summer. Organic carbon and moisture content were found higher at the forest site in summer and spring respectively. Nitrogen, potassium, and total bacterial count follow the same trend as higher concentration was found at the forest site in the summer while Phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium follow the same trend as their high concentration was found at the meadow site in the summer. Significantly higher values of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Cd, Mn, Pb, and Zn) were found at the meadow site in the summer. The results could help to formulate conservation strategies for the soil at Doodhpathri that is affected by anthropogenic activities.
Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Responses in Young Nigerian Women during Passive and Zero-Resistance Active Exercise Tests Compared to Non-Obese Control
Authors: Winifred Chukwukaeme Chidinma , Uchechukwu Dimkpa , Eluemunor Nwaefulu Kester , Frances Okwuonu Ifeoma , Jacinta Umezulike Anuli
Published: March 2023

Aim: To compare blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) responses to passive and unloaded active leg movements and the neural control mechanisms between obese young female adults and their non-obese control.

Study Design: A case control study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Human Physiology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria, between July 2015 to January 2016.

Methodology: Thirty normotensive young women were randomly selected for this study and assigned into two groups- obese (n =15) and non-obese (n =15). Subjects performed a sub-maximal ergometer exercise test. Each group performed separate bouts of 5-minutes passive and unloaded active cycling exercises. BP and HR were recorded at baseline and during the two exercise conditions. All statistics were done using SPSS (version 25). Comparative analyses were done using independent sample t-test (for normally distributed data) or Mann Whitney-U (for abnormally distributed data) or a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results: The obese women indicated significantly (p < 0.05) higher HR, systolic BP, diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and rate pressure product (RPP) compared with the non-obese control at baseline, during passive and unloaded active exercise conditions. The magnitude of increase (Δ) in BP from baseline to passive leg movement and ΔHR elicited from passive to unloaded active movement showed no significant differences between the two groups.

Conclusions: The higher mean BP and HR observed in the obese women, at baseline, during passive and unloaded active cycle movements were attributed to poor cardio-respiratory fitness and greater myocardial metabolic demand imposed by excessive adipose tissue. The lack of significant differences in ΔBPbaseline-passive exercise and ΔHRpassive-active, between the two groups, suggests that both mechanoreceptors and central neural command played limited roles in increased BP and HR drive during low-intensity dynamic exercise tests.