bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Barkhausen Noise and Digital Image Correlation to Investigate the Influence of Local Residual Stresses on Fatigue-Crack Propagation
Authors: Thielen M. , Marx M. , Sheikh-Amiri M. , Boller C. , Motz C.
Published: June 2016

Fatigue-crack propagation is, by far, the most crucial failure mechanism of technical systems. The key to understanding microscopic processes that lead to failure lies in the knowledge of local stresses, the driving force of cracks. We present the mapping of stress and strain fields induced by a single overload on a fatigue crack and their influence on transient crack-growth retardation. In contrast to former work, in which synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD) was used, this investigation was performed by using a calibrated magnetic Barkhausen noise microscope in combination with digital image correlation based on in situ scanning electron microscope imaging. The underlying mechanisms, residual stress effects in front of the crack tip and plasticity-induced crack closure caused by the plastic wake, have been studied. Specifically, a crack in S960Q steel has been followed through the overload (OL) region while examining measurements at distinctive overload points: before OL, after OL, at maximum retardation, and at recovery. We observe a strong correlation of the local fatigue-crack-growth rate with the local residual stress distribution obtained from magnetic Barkhausen noise, which remains nearly unchanged after the crack has passed by. Digital image correlation results reveal the influence of these residual stresses on crack-tip opening reactions and strain fields under external loads. Although strain fields show a strong decrease because of the OL event, differences in crack opening stresses remain rather low at first, but prevail in the second part of the OL region. The applicability of new measurement methods and their results regarding the dominating retardation mechanism are discussed. These indicate that the residual stress effect on the strain fields can be associated to be more significant than plasticity-induced crack closure at maximum retardation with a change of mechanisms on reacceleration.
Japanese Farmers in Flux
Authors: Maclachlan Patricia L. , Shimizu Kay
Published: June 2016

The politics of Japanese agricultural reform is rapidly changing. Once dependent on foreign pressure, reform is now fueled by a deepening farm crisis and a breakdown in postwar political alignments. Focusing on the Abe government’s reform of Japan Agricultural Cooperatives, we explore Japan’s expanding capacity for executive leadership in the farm sector on behalf of market-oriented change.
Japan’s Bounty in Myanmar
Authors: Strefford Patrick
Published: June 2016

The historical legacy of Japan-Myanmar relations provides an important rationale for the current economic cooperation. This underpins the perception that Japan is in a “special” position that allows it to seek its bounty—to reap the rewards from its investment.
Myanmar
Authors: Peng Er Lam
Published: June 2016

There is the perception in Japan that a reforming Myanmar is Japan’s “final frontier” in Asia. Indeed, Japan is enthusiastically seeking a larger political and economic role there and appears confident about competing with China for influence.
Russia’s Involvement in Regional Cooperation in East Asia
Authors: Koldunova Ekaterina
Published: June 2016

Both Russia’s 2012 APEC chairmanship and recent dynamics in its dialogue partnership with ASEAN indicate Russia’s intention and ability to act as a constructive player engaged in regional institutional activities in East Asia. However, the implementation of this intention faces both domestic and international limitations.
Southeast Asian Perspectives on South Korea’s Middle Power Engagement Initiatives
Authors: Teo Sarah , Singh Bhubhindar , Tan See Seng
Published: June 2016

Perspectives from Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Vietnam show that South Korea’s middle power role in Southeast Asia is confined to economics and capacity building. Despite being absent from Southeast Asia’s geostrategic calculus, Korea’s non-revisionist inclination is seen to be advantageous in its pursuit of enhanced middle power status.
Assam and the Foreigner Within
Authors: Murshid Navine
Published: June 2016

A popular narrative in India targets Bengali Muslims as “foreign encroachers” in Assam, claiming that they are in fact Bangladeshi migrants. An examination of the history of this narrative and an analysis of demographic data reveal that the available evidence does not support the illegal-infiltrator narrative.
“Say, What is Honor?”
Authors: Kantor Jamison
Published: June 2016

Jamison Kantor, “‘Say, What is Honor?’: Wordsworth and the Value of Honor” (pp. 1–36)

Instead of reading the poetry of William Wordsworth’s “great decade” (1798–1808) as a struggle between nature and Milton, Rousseau and Burke, or history and the imagination, this essay suggests that it can also be characterized by an internal tension within a keyword of the romantic age: honor. Romantic honor could connote hierarchy and status—which, I argue, functioned in an emerging market for “dignified” literary productions. But it could also be a progressive value of egalitarianism and equity, one that allowed poetry to appeal to the “native and naked dignity” inherent in all people regardless of their economic status. Working off of recent scholarship that considers the role of honor in modernity, this essay explores how Wordsworth’s poetry used the virtue to stage a paradox that endures within liberal society: the conflict between market distinction and social equality. Focusing on honor as a sign for both qualities might thus reveal Wordsworth’s poetry as a register for the influence—and impasses—of liberal politics on European aesthetics.
Kant with Bartleby
Authors: Yoshikuni Hiroki
Published: June 2016

Hiroki Yoshikuni, “Kant with Bartleby: A Fate of Freedom” (pp. 37–63)

This essay explores the problem of the “unaccountable” in Herman Melville’s “Bartleby, the Scrivener” (1856) in light of the Kantian idea of freedom. The lawyer-narrator declares his own inability to tell a story of Bartleby, but by doing so he also emphasizes the scrivener’s accountableness, by which Bartleby is presented as a character of exceptional originality. Bartleby might thus appear free in the Kantian sense, because his unaccountableness suggests that the determining ground of his will is not determined by inclinations in nature but is independent from it. But, pointing out that this construction of Bartleby is based on unaccountableness that ends up in nothing but the modern notion of individualism or subjectivity, which is not freedom as such but a fantasy of freedom, I argue that Bartleby destroys precisely such subjectivity by his thing-like immobility. The lawyer cannot decide at last whether Bartleby is a human subject or a piece of furniture fixed in his office.
Politics for the Polyps
Authors: Harris Daniel
Published: June 2016

Daniel Harris, “Politics for the Polyps: The Compound Organism as a ‘Peculiar Form of Communism’ in Charles Kingsley’s Alton Locke and The Water-Babies” (pp. 64–88)

Charles Kingsley’s novels and political writings are saturated with references to physiological processes in marine invertebrates. In particular, the forms of his novels take their inspiration from functional arrangements in colonial organisms such as corals, in which “individual” polyps are physiologically linked to their neighbors. Alton Locke (1851) and The Water-Babies (1863) attempt to explain the benefits of cooperative economic practices (e.g., the associative workshop) and the dangers of cooperative political practices (e.g., the Chartist mass meeting) by jettisoning British Enlightenment assumptions about personal identity. Instead, Kingsley’s novels use discontinuous and communal physiological processes in invertebrates, such as corals and jellyfish, as frameworks for representing psychological and political development. Ultimately, Kingsley seeks to intervene in mid-century debates about how to individuate members of the working class by suggesting that reformist measures must be grounded in a physiological understanding of individuation that contravenes psychological definitions of individuality.
Effects of intraperitoneal insulin versus subcutaneous insulin administration on sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Boering M , van Dijk P R , Logtenberg S J J , Groenier K H , Wolffenbuttel B H R , Gans R O B , Kleefstra N , Bilo H J G
Published: June 2016

Aims

Elevated sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations have been described in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), probably due to low portal insulin concentrations. We aimed to investigate whether the route of insulin administration, continuous intraperitoneal insulin infusion (CIPII), or subcutaneous (SC), influences SHBG concentrations among T1DM patients.

Methods

Post hoc analysis of SHBG in samples derived from a randomized, open-labeled crossover trial was carried out in 20 T1DM patients: 50% males, mean age 43 (±13) years, diabetes duration 23 (±11) years, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 8.7 (±1.1) (72 (±12) mmol/mol). As secondary outcomes, testosterone, 17-β-estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were analyzed.

Results

Estimated mean change in SHBG was −10.3nmol/L (95% CI: −17.4, −3.2) during CIPII and 3.7nmol/L (95% CI: −12.0, 4.6) during SC insulin treatment. Taking the effect of treatment order into account, the difference in SHBG between therapies was −6.6nmol/L (95% CI: −17.5, 4.3); −12.7nmol/L (95% CI: −25.1, −0.4) for males and −1.7nmol/L (95% CI: −24.6, 21.1) for females, respectively. Among males, SHBG and testosterone concentrations changed significantly during CIPII; −15.8nmol/L (95% CI: −24.2, −7.5) and −8.3nmol/L (95% CI: −14.4, −2.2), respectively. The difference between CIPII and SC insulin treatment was also significant for change in FSH 1.2U/L (95% CI: 0.1, 2.2) among males.

Conclusions

SHBG concentrations decreased significantly during CIPII treatment. Moreover, the difference in change between CIPII and SC insulin therapy was significant for SHBG and FSH among males. These findings support the hypothesis that portal insulin administration influences circulating SHBG and sex steroids.
SGK1 inhibitor reverses hyperglycemia partly through decreasing glucose absorption
Authors: Li Ping , Hao Yan , Pan Feng-Hui , Zhang Min , Ma Jian-Qiang , Zhu Da-Long
Published: June 2016

This study investigates the effectiveness and mechanisms of a serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) inhibitor in counteracting hyperglycemia. In an in vivo experiment, we demonstrated that after an 8-week treatment with an SGK1 inhibitor, the fasting blood glucose and HbA1c level significantly decreased in db/db mice. RT-PCR and western blot analyses revealed that intestinal SGK1 and sodium glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT1) expression were enhanced in db/db mice. Treatment with an SGK1 inhibitor decreased excessive SGLT1 expression in the intestine of db/db mice. In vitro experiments with intestinal IEC-6 cells showed that the co-administration of an SGK1 inhibitor partly reversed the SGLT1 expression and glucose absorption that were induced by dexamethasone. In conclusion, this study revealed that the favorable effect of an SGK1 inhibitor on hyperglycemia is partly due to decreased glucose absorption through SGLT1 in the small intestine. These data collectively suggest that SGK1 may be a potent target for the treatment of diabetes and other metabolic disorders.
Metformin increases hepatic leptin receptor and decreases steatosis in mice
Authors: Tang Xuemei , Li Jingwen , Xiang Wei , Cui Ye , Xie Bin , Wang Xiaodong , Xu Zihui , Gan Lixia
Published: June 2016

In addition to the ascertained efficacy as antidiabetic drug, metformin is increasingly being used as weight-loss agent in obesity, and as insulin sensitizer in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are still incompletely understood. Emerging evidence suggest metformin as leptin sensitizer to mediate the weight-loss effect in the brain. In this study, we investigated effects of metformin on expression of leptin receptors in liver and kidney in mice. C57BL/6 mice were fed with chow diet (CD) or high-fat diet (HF) for 5months. Afterward, mice were treated with metformin (50mg/kg or 200mg/kg) for 15days. Metabolic parameters and hepatic gene expression were analyzed at the end of the treatment. We also tested the effects of metformin on plasma-soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and assessed its effect on hepatosteatosis in mice. Results showed that metformin upregulates the expression of leptin receptors (OB-Ra, -Rb, -Rc, and -Rd) in liver but not kidney. The stimulation effect is dose-dependent in both chow and HF mice. Upregulation of OB-Rb, long signaling isoform, needs a relatively higher dose of metformin. This effect was paralleled by increased sOBR levels in mice and T2DM patients, and decreased hepatic triglyceride (TG) content and lipogenic gene expression, including sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 (ACC-1). Taken together, these data identify hepatic leptin receptor as target gene being upregulated by metformin which may enhance leptin sensitivity in liver to alleviate steatosis.
A cornealis sebgyógyulás és az extracelluláris mátrix
Authors: Varkoly Gréta , Bencze János , Hortobágyi Tibor , Módis László
Published: June 2016

The cornea is the first refractive element of the eye. The transparency of the cornea results from the regularly arranged collagen fibrils, forming lamellar structure and the leucin rich proteoglycans, which make interactions between the fibrils. The adult cornea consists mainly of fibril-forming collagens. The cornea has less amount of fibril associated and non-fibrillar collagens. The main proteoglycans of the cornea are keratan-sulfate proteoglycans and it also contains dermatan-sulfate proteoglycans. Disorders of the proteoglycan synthesis lead to the disruption of the unique pattern and result in thicker collagen fibrils. The abnormal structure of the extracellular matrix can generate corneal disorders and the loss of corneal transparency. Furthermore, proteoglycans and collagens have an important role in wound healing. In injury the keratocytes produce higher amounts of collagens and proteoglycans mediated by growth factors. Depending on the ratio of the cells and growth factors the extracellular matrix returns to normal or corneal scar tissue develops. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(25), 995–999.
Religious Experience in Mediterranean Antiquity
Authors: Czachesz István
Published: June 2016

This Special Issue of the Journal of Cognitive Historiography presents studies of religious experience in the ancient world, with an emphasis on textual interpretation and biblical literature. The papers were originally presented in a thematic session co organized by the “Religious Experience in Early Judaism and Early Christianity” and “Mind, Society and Religion in the Biblical World” programme units of the Society of Biblical Literature at the 2014 Annual Meeting (San Diego, California, November 22-25).
Tours of Heaven in Light of the Neuroscientific Study of Religious Experience
Authors: Czachesz István
Published: June 2016

This article addresses the neuroscientific background of ancient tours of heaven. McNamara’s work on religious experience is used in the context of other philosophical, cognitive, and neuroscientific research. After discussing the definition and phenomenology of subjective experience, the article outlines three possible understandings of religious experience in the cognitive research tradition. The article then situates ancient tours of heaven in the context of flights and ascents in religious traditions and discusses how neuroscientific evidence sheds light on various aspects of such experiences. In particular, McNamara’s work is combined with Michael Marsh’s study of extracorporeal experiences to account for the twophase narrative sequence of the tours. The model is applied to the tour of heaven in the Ascension of Isaiah, followed by a brief discussion of other early Jewish and Christian apocalypses.
Luther H. Martin and Jesper Sørensen (eds), Past Minds: Studies in Cognitive Historiography (London and Oakville, CT: Equinox Publishing, 2011; republished in 2012 by Routledge, London and New York), xiv + 206 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84553-740-1. £70.00 (hbk)
Authors: Paden William E
Published: June 2016

Luther H. Martin and Jesper Sørensen (eds), Past Minds: Studies in Cognitive Historiography (London and Oakville, CT: Equinox Publishing, 2011; republished in 2012 by Routledge, London and New York), xiv + 206 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84553-740-1. £70.00 (hbk)
Spherulites and Aspiring Elites: The Identification, Distribution, and Consumption of Giali Obsidian (Dodecanese, Greece)
Authors: Carter Tristan , Contreras Daniel A. , Campeau Kathryn , Freund Kyle
Published: June 2016

This paper details the results of a survey of the obsidian sources on the island of Giali in the Dodecanese, Greece, together with a review of these raw materials’ use from the Mesolithic to the Late Bronze Age (ninth to second millennium Cal bc). Elemental characterization of 76 geological samples from 11 sampling locations demonstrates the existence of two geochemically distinct sources, termed ‘Giali A’, and ‘Giali B’. The latter material, available in small cobble form on the island’s southwestern half, seems to have only been exploited by local residents during the Final Neolithic (fourth millennium Cal bc). In contrast, Giali A obsidian comprises a distinctive white-spotted raw material, available in large boulders on the northeastern half of Giali, whose use changed significantly over time. During the Mesolithic to later Neolithic it was mainly used for flake-based tool-production by local Dodecanesian populations. Further away, handfuls of Giali A obsidian are documented from Early Neolithic to Early Bronze Age sites in Crete, the Cyclades, and western Anatolia. The distribution of this material is likely indicative of population movement, and regional socio-economic interaction more generally, rather than a significant desire for, and trade of, the material itself. This changed in the Middle Bronze Age (second millennium Cal bc), when Giali A obsidian was reconceptualized as a valued raw material, and used by Cretan palace-based lapidaries to make prestige goods. This radical shift in traditions of consumption resulted from Cretan factions appropriating Anatolian and Egyptian elite value regimes and craft practices as a means of creating new means of social distinction within a larger Eastern Mediterranean political arena.
Feasting, Phoenician Trade and Dynamics of Social Change in Northeastern Iberia
Authors: Sardà Seuma Samuel , Garcia i Rubert David , Moreno Martínez Isabel
Published: June 2016

The archaeological study of feasting practices has proved to be one of the most fruitful lines of research in the social interpretation of the Mediterranean protohistoric record. The focus has been particularly effective for assessing the development of socio-political complexity and the evolution of socialization strategies that characterize many small-scale societies. In seeking to provide a similar assessment, this study analyses a set of ceramic tableware recovered from the early Iron Age site (seventh to sixth centuries BC) of Sant Jaume (Alcanar, Catalonia) and its associated domestic spaces and architectonic structures. Drawing on the postulates of commensality studies, we examine the functional and symbolic characteristics of these artefacts and the social practices linked to them.
Reciprocity in Aegean Palatial Societies
Authors: Nakassis Dimitri , Galaty Michael L. , Parkinson William A.
Published: June 2016

This collection of papers is the third and final installment in a series meant to update the archaeological study of Aegean Bronze Age economies based on current research in economic anthropology and new archaeological and textual data from Minoan and Mycenaean states. The first collection, titled ‘Redistribution in Aegean Palatial Societies’, was published in the American Journal of Archaeology in 2011 (volume 115.2). The second, titled ‘Crafts, Specialists, and Markets in Mycenaean Greece,’ was published in the American Journal of Archaeology in 2013 (volume 117.3). In these first two collections, we argued that studies of ‘redistribution’ in Aegean palatial societies, whether archaeological, textual, or both, fail to capture the totality of economic activity that must have occurred in Late Bronze Age states and largely ignore the social implications of such activity. Rather, in order to explain the regional distribution of artifacts, some form of ‘market’-based exchange must have occurred. In this introduction we suggest that systems of ‘reciprocity’ preceded and underpinned modes of redistribution and market exchange, and also served to integrate Bronze Age social structures.
The Rhetoric of Reciprocity in Late Bronze Age Mediterranean Exchange
Authors: Burns Bryan E.
Published: June 2016

This contribution broadens the scope of the discussion to consider reciprocity in relation to acts of Mycenaean exchange that extend beyond the Aegean. This broader engagement with diverse states of the Mediterranean brought new opportunities for Mycenaean communities, and new categories of data for scholarly analysis, including written and visual representations of international exchange. The rhetoric of equality enabling gift exchange among leaders of eastern kingdoms can be usefully contrasted with the discourse of power and domination aimed at an internal audience. Recognizing the tropes of both ideological projections provides a valuable model for the potential strategies of Aegean actors managing and manipulating external sources of material goods and social power within their own regions. The distribution of imported cylinder seals in Boeotia offers an opportunity to consider the economic and political claims made by Aegean actors, both palatial and independent, who may have framed their acquisitions through the language of reciprocity.
Application of multivariate techniques in the evaluation of pure lines of beans
Authors: Schmit Rodolfo , Melo Rita Carolina de , Pereira Thayse Cristine Vieira , Beck Mattheus , Guidolin Altamir Frederico , Coimbra Jefferson Luís Meirelles
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to apply multivariate techniques, canonical discriminant analysis, and multivariate contrasts, indicating the most favorable inferences in the evaluation of pure lines of beans. The study was conducted at the experimental field of the Institute for Breeding and Molecular Genetics, in Lages, SC, Brazil. The experiment was composed of 24 pure lines of beans from the Santa Catarina test of cultivars. Plant height, numbers of pods and grains per plant, and stem diameter were the variables measured. The complete randomized block design was used with four replications. The data were subjected to multivariate analysis of variance, canonical discriminant analysis, multivariate contrasts and univariate contrasts. The first canonical discriminant function has captured 81% of the total variation in the data. The Scott-Knott test showed two groups of inbred lines at the average -of scores of the first canonical discriminant function. It was considered that testing hypotheses with the canonical scores may result in loss of information obtained from the original data. Multivariate contrasts indicated differences within the group formed by the Scott-Knott test. The canonical discriminant analysis and multivariate contrasts are excellent techniques to be combined in the multivariate assessment, being used to explore and test hypotheses, respectively.
Top-dressing 1% arginine supplementation in the lactation diet of sows does not affect the litter performance and milk composition
Authors: Dallanora Djane , Walter Marina Patricia , Marcon Jéssica , Saremba Camila , Bernardi Mari Lourdes , Wentz Ivo , Bortolozzo Fernando Pandolfo
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of arginine supplementation in the lactation diet of sows on their milk composition, litter performance and piglet survival. Sixty-four lactating Landrace x Large White sows, parity 1 to 7, were randomly assigned to two treatments: 1) Control - a corn/soybean meal based diet with 1.10% standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine and 3,475kcal of metabolizable energy (ME) kg-1, and 2) arginine - the control diet top-dressed daily with arginine at 1% of feed allowance. The daily feed allowance per sow was 5.0 and 7.5kg from day (D)0 to D7 and D8 to D21, respectively. The average litter size was 12.8 piglets after cross-fostering. Litters were weighed on D1, D10, and D21 of lactation and pre-weaning mortality was recorded. Samples of milk (60mL) were collected from all functional teats at D10 and D20 of lactation. There were no effects (P>0.05) of arginine supplementation on piglet weight, litter weight, and average daily gain of piglets at D10 and D21 of lactation. The interaction between weight day and treatment was not significant (P>0.05) for any of these response variables. The percentages of piglets that survived until D10 and D21 were 90.3% and 88.3%, respectively, with no difference (P>0.05) between treatments. There were no effects (P>0.05) of the lactation day (D10 or D20), treatment or the interaction between them on crude protein and amino acid content in milk. Top-dressing arginine at 1% of feed allowance of the lactation diet of sows does not affect litter performance and survival and does not influence the amino acid content or arginine: lysine ratio of milk.
Temporal variation of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and calculation of the crop coefficient (Kc ) from NDVI in areas cultivated with irrigated soybean
Authors: Oliveira Thálita Carrijo de , Ferreira Elizabeth , Dantas Antônio Augusto Aguilar
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT: Vegetation indices obtained by remote sensing products have various applications in agriculture. An important application of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is obtaining the crop coefficient (Kc). The aims of this study were to analyze NDVI temporal profiles and to obtain Kc from the NDVI vegetation index product MOD13Q1. The analysis is based on the phenological stages of irrigated soybean crops in the municipality of Planura/MG during the 2010/2011 growing season. Areas planted with irrigated soybean were identified through fieldwork. Temporal series of the MOD13Q1 products were used to analyze NDVI, allowing the extraction of NDVI values for all points in the period studied. The NDVI temporal profiles showed a similar pattern to each other and corresponded to the crop cycle. The KcNDVI values for the MOD13Q1 products were well correlated to the FAO Kc values (r2=0.72). Thus, NDVI can be used as an alternative for obtaining crop coefficient (Kc).
Grape yield, and must compounds of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapevine in sandy soil with potassium contents increasing
Authors: Ciotta Marlise Nara , Ceretta Carlos Alberto , Silva Lincon Oliveira Stefanello da , Ferreira Paulo Ademar Avelar , Sautter Claudia Kaehler , Couto Rafael da Rosa , Brunetto Gustavo
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT: Content of exchangeable potassium (K) in t soil may influence on its content in grapevines leaves, grape yield, as well as, in must composition. The study aimed to assess the interference of exchangeable K content in the soil on its leaf content, production and must composition of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' cultivar. In September 2011, in Santana do Livramento (RS) five vineyards with increasing levels of exchangeable K in the soil were selected. In the 2012/13 and 2013/14 harvests, the grape yield, yield components, total K content in the leaves in full bloom and berries veraison were evaluated. Values of total soluble sugar (TSS), pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), total polyphenols and anthocyanins were evaluated in the must. Exchangeable K content increase in soil with sandy surface texture increased its content in leaves collected during full flowering and in berries and must pH; however, it did not affect production of the 'Cabernet Sauvignon'.
Phosphate fertilization on production and quality of cauliflower seeds
Authors: Cardoso Antonio Ismael Inácio , Claudio Marina de Toledo Rodrigues , Magro Felipe Oliveira , Freitas Pâmela Gomes Nakada
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT: Due to the scarcity of information related to the effect of fertilizers on production and quality of vegetable seeds, mainly on species which present an increase in the cycle, like cauliflower, more studies are necessary about the influence of nutrients rates which provide high production of high-quality seeds. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of rates of phosphorus (P) on the production and quality of cauliflower seeds. Five rates of phosphorus were studied (0, 300, 600, 900 and 1200kg ha-1 of P2O5), in a randomized complete block design, with four replications. Production and quality (weight of a thousand seeds, germination test, first count of germination test and emergence in substrate) of the seeds and soil chemical characteristics were evaluated. The higher the rate of phosphorus, the higher P content in the soil and values of sum of bases, cation exchange capacity and saturation of bases were observed at the end of the cycle. Seed quality was not affected by P fertilization, with the exception of the weight of a thousand seeds which was adjusted to a linear model. For seed production quadratic effect was obtained. The highest weight of seeds per plant was estimated for the rate of 862kg ha-1 of P2O5.
Performance indices for pumping stations in irrigated rice fields
Authors: Köpp Luciana Marini , Peiter Marcia Xavier , Robaina Adroaldo Dias , Girardi Leonita Beatriz
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT: Performance indices can be used as indices of energy use in irrigation systems. Pumping stations (PSs) are elements that require energy for irrigation of rice fields by conventional flood irrigation. Interplay of physical, hydraulic, and electrical parameters generates indices that determine the performance in the diagnosis of PSs, operation, and projects for new sets. In this study, it was proposed and classified performance indices for PSs in rice fields, focusing on the efficient use of energy. The study was carried out through an investigation of 160 PSs in operation, located at the western border of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, which constituted an actual field situation. Next, PSs were optimized in relation to the selection of a piping system, using the lowest total cost, the choice of pump, and motors with better performance for the necessary situation as criteria. Results provided nine indices that classified the performance as "excellent", "very good", "good", "poor", and "very poor", which allowed the assessment of projects and the diagnosis of PSs.
Subcolectomy and symphyseal distraction-osteotomy using a spacer of spirally fashioned orthopedic wire: a treatment option for cats with pelvic canal stenosis, megacolon and obstipation
Authors: Atallah Fabiane Azeredo , Silva Ricardo Siqueira , Oliveira André Lacerda de Abreu , Souza Heloisa Justen Moreira
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT: The use of two cerclages with wire spirals as distractor spacers was evaluated for the correction of pelvic stenosis in felines. A three-year-old, mixed-breed, male feline was taken to the Veterinary Hospital of the UFRJ. It presented symptoms of constipation, dyschezia, hyporexia and mild apathy. On radiographic examination, a deformation of the pelvic bones and a narrowing of the pelvic canal were detected. The patient underwent pelvic stenosis correction surgery. Two spirals were made with cerclage wire and 2.0-mm diameter Steinmann pins; coupled to the chuck of a drill, the pins were wrapped with cerclage wire, running laps around the pin. Then, the coils were positioned in the space formed by separating the hemipelves and stabilized by keeping them separated to the desired opening. Effectiveness of the technique was evidenced by measurements made using new radiographic images in comparison with the images obtained before the surgical procedure. There were evident decreases in the sacro-ischium line and pubic line of 3.98 and 3.18, demonstrating an increase of approximately 21% in the pelvic canal diameter. The animal showed no apparent macroscopic or radiographic reaction. The preliminary clinical application of the adapted pelvic distraction technique is relevant for allowing the appropriate correction of a stenosis of the pelvic girdle and its consequences, representing a major technical and scientific innovation in the correction.
Linfadenectomia inguinoilíaca laparoscópica, após impregnação linfática com diferentes marcadores em cadelas hígidas
Authors: Souza Fernando Wiecheteck de , Brun Maurício Veloso , Feranti João Pedro Scussel , Oliveira Marília Teresa de , Copat Bruna , Baumer Sabrina , Kasper Priscila Natasha , Schimitt Bernardo , Chaves Rafael Oliveira , Brum Juliana Speroto
Published: June 2016

RESUMO: O sistema linfático mamário de animais saudáveis e neoplásicos é pouco estudado. Inexistem respostas detalhadas quanto ao padrão de comunicação entre as cadeias linfáticas mamárias com as abdominais e pélvicas em animais sadios ou com neoplasmas na referida glândula. Por essa razão, pretendeu-se avaliar a ocorrência dessa comunicação linfática intrabdominal, verificando também se a cadeia linfática inguinoilíaca poderia ser adequadamente abordada via cirurgia laparoscópica. Para tanto, os animais foram distribuídos, de forma randômica, em três grupos cirúrgicos: pacientes submetidos à técnica de coloração linfática com o corante azul de metileno estéril (G1); animais submetidos à técnica de impregnação linfática com o corante verde de indocianina (G2); animais submetidos à técnica demarcação linfática, utilizando solução fisiológica de NaCl a 0,9% (G3). Em todos os grupos, foi realizada a aplicação intradérmica, do corante ou solução fisiológica, ao redor da mama inguinal direita, em tempos distintos de 12h ou 30min, antes da incisão de pele. Após, foram coletadas, por videolaparoscopia, duas regiões contendo tecido adiposo, laterais às artérias ilíacas interna e externas, buscando avaliar a presença e o número de linfonodos extirpardos. Por último, realizou-se a ovário-histerectomia eletiva pelos mesmos portais de acesso. Foram considerados ainda, o tempo de cirurgia e as complicações e dificuldades técnicas trans e pós-operatórias. A técnica proposta de linfadenectomia inginoilíaca intrabdominal não obteve êxito na coleta de linfonodos. As técnicas de marcação linfática realizadas, utilizando tanto o azul de metileno a 1%, como o verde de indocianina a 1%, não evidenciaram nenhuma marcação transoperatória nos tempos estudados. Em relação às complicações e dificuldades técnicas trans e pós-operatórias, observou-se, em todos os animais, reações de hipersensibilidade cutânea ao uso dos corantes. As técnicas propostas não apresentaram maiores dificuldades de execução ou complicações transoperatórias.
Análise dos modelos e atividades do pré-desenvolvimento: revisão bibliográfica sistemática
Authors: Costa Marcela Avelina Bataghin , Toledo José Carlos de
Published: June 2016

Resumo Este trabalho tem como objetivo o levantamento sistemático e análise dos modelos e atividades propostos pela literatura para a condução da fase de pré-desenvolvimento de novos produtos, bem como das técnicas e ferramentas adotadas na fase. A Revisão Bibliográfica Sistemática realizada identificou a existência de 10 modelos compostos por diferentes atividades para a fase do pré-desenvolvimento. Estes modelos foram publicados entre 1988 e 2013 e buscam sistematizar o pré-desenvolvimento e orientar os gestores na condução da fase. Observou-se que, embora com nomenclaturas diferentes, atividades como identificação de oportunidades, seleção de oportunidades, geração de ideias, seleção de ideias, desenvolvimento de conceitos, seleção de conceitos e planejamento do projeto, são recorrentes em todos os modelos, concluindo-se, portanto, que estas são essenciais e devem estar presentes na fase de pré-desenvolvimento, independentemente do tipo de produto fabricado ou setor no qual a empresa atua. Também foram identificadas 57 diferentes técnicas, auxiliadas por diversas ferramentas que, segundo os autores, podem ser eficazes para a condução das atividades de pré-desenvolvimento.
A Taxionomia revisada de Bloom aplicada à avaliação: um estudo de provas escritas de Matemática
Authors: Trevisan André Luis , Amaral Roseli Gall do
Published: June 2016

Resumo Este artigo apresenta uma análise, à luz da Taxionomia revisada de Bloom, de itens de provas escritas de Matemática elaboradas por professores do Ensino Fundamental II e do Ensino Médio de escolas públicas. Esses professores participaram de oficinas que discutiram a temática "avaliação e aprendizagem", projeto de extensão que ocorreu no ano de 2013, e foram convidados a analisar provas escritas que eles mesmos elaboraram. Os resultados apontaram uma prevalência de itens classificados nos níveis mais baixos do domínio cognitivo da Taxionomia (lembrar, entender e aplicar) e uma quase ausência de itens nos níveis mais elevados (analisar, avaliar e criar). Tais resultados corroboram a necessidade de estudos e propostas de formação continuada que oportunizem aos professores repensar: (i) os instrumentos avaliativos que utilizaram (em geral, prioritariamente a prova escrita), (ii) a elaboração das tarefas que propõem (em geral, restritas aos modelos presentes em livros didáticos) e (iii) a sua própria prática avaliativa.
Teoria dos registros de representação semiótica em pesquisas na Educação Matemática no Ensino Superior: uma análise de superfícies e funções de duas variáveis com intervenção do software Maple
Authors: Henriques Afonso , Almouloud Saddo Ag
Published: June 2016

Resumo Este artigo traz algumas reflexões motivadas pela utilização equivocada de noções da Teoria dos Registros de Representação Semiótica (TRRS), proposta por Duval, pelos estudantes e pesquisadores em suas pesquisas/palestras. Sem perda de essência e generalidade, trazemos algumas definições fundadas na proposta de Duval e utilizamos os conceitos de cálculo diferencial e integral com ênfase nas superfícies e funções de duas/três variáveis, como objetos matemáticos de referência. O objetivo é explicitar as referidas definições, na tentativa de trazer contribuições da TRRS na análise em pesquisas em Educação Matemática no Ensino Superior, além de auxiliar os estudantes na reflexão sobre o tema, discutir as técnicas instrumentais de representação do tipo de funções em questão nos diferentes registros, em especial no registro gráfico em três dimensões, utilizando o software Maple, porque o fenômeno "ver" ou "representar" objetos matemáticos em 3D é um dos entraves na aprendizagem de cálculo pela maioria dos estudantes.
A formação para matemática do professor de anos iniciais
Authors: Costa Jaqueline de Morais , Pinheiro Nilcéia Aparecida Maciel , Costa Ercules
Published: June 2016

Resumo A formação do pedagogo para atuar no ensino de matemática nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental foi o foco desta pesquisa, cujo objetivo é analisar as matrizes curriculares dos cursos de Pedagogia de instituições do Estado do Paraná e verificar o tempo disponibilizado para a formação ofertada na área de matemática. Como proposta metodológica, empregou-se uma pesquisa documental, com análises das matrizes curriculares de 59 (cinquenta e nove) instituições que oferecem o curso de Pedagogia no mesmo Estado, com foco na formação em matemática. Verificou-se que há nos currículos a inclusão de estudos pertinentes para a formação geral em matemática do futuro educador, contudo, existe um número expressivo de cursos que contemplam uma carga horária reduzida na formação em matemática. Conclui-se que as matrizes curriculares para a formação do pedagogo no Estado do Paraná têm mostrado uma abordagem tímida para a formação em matemática.
Prevalence and factors associated with preoperative anxiety in children aged 5-12 years
Authors: Moura Louise Amália de , Dias Iohanna Maria Guimarães , Pereira Lilian Varanda
Published: June 2016

Abstract Objective: to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with preoperative anxiety in children who wait for outpatient surgery. Method: cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of a prospective cohort study that investigates the predictors of postoperative pain in children aged 5-12 years submitted to inguinal and umbilical hernia repair. It was selected 210 children, which were interviewed in the preoperative holding area of a general hospital. Anxiety was evaluated using the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS). Sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed as exposure and anxiety (mYPAS final score>30) as outcome. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with preoperative anxiety. Results: forty-two percent (42.0%) of children presented preoperative anxiety (CI95%: 35.7%-48.6%), with mean scores equal to 30.1 (SD=8.4). Factors associated with preoperative anxiety were: age group of 5-6 years (OR=2.28; p=0.007) and socioeconomic status classified as class C (OR=2.39; p=0.016). Conclusion: the evaluation of children who wait for outpatient surgery should be multidimensional and comprise information on age and socioeconomic status, in order to help in the identification and early treatment of preoperative anxiety.
Level of anxiety versus self-care in the preoperative and postoperative periods of total laryngectomy patients
Authors: Almonacid Clara Inés Flórez , Ramos Alfredo Jurado , Rodríguez-Borrego María-Aurora
Published: June 2016

Abstract Objective: estimate the prevalence of anxiety in laryngectomy patients in the pre and postoperative periods and its relation with the self-care level. Method: observational research of 40 patients with stage IV laryngeal cancer. Three observations took place: in the preoperative phase, at seven and at 14 days after the surgery; between June 2010 and December 2012. Two self-care levels were defined: self-sufficient and needing help for activities of daily living and treatment-related activities. To assess the anxiety levels, Zigmond's hospital anxiety scale (1983) was used. Results: in the preoperative and postoperative phases, the patients presented high levels of anxiety. Concerning self-care, on average, self-sufficient patients presented lower levels of anxiety than patients who needed help to accomplish activities of daily living and activities deriving from the surgery, without significant differences. Conclusion: anxiety is present at all times in laryngectomy patients and the reduction of the self-care deficit seems to decrease it, without putting a permanent end to it.
Validation of an educative manual for patients with head and neck cancer submitted to radiation therapy
Authors: Cruz Flávia Oliveira de Almeida Marques da , Ferreira Elaine Barros , Vasques Christiane Inocêncio , Mata Luciana Regina Ferreira da , Reis Paula Elaine Diniz dos
Published: June 2016

Abstract Objective: develop the content and face validation of an educative manual for patients with head and neck cancer submitted to radiation therapy. Method: descriptive methodological research. The Theory of Psychometrics was used for the validation process, developed by 15 experts in the theme area of the educative manual and by two language and publicity professionals. A minimum agreement level of 80% was considered to guarantee the validity of the material. Results: the items addressed in the assessment tool of the educative manual were divided in three blocks: objectives, structure and format, and relevance. Only one item, related to the sociocultural level of the target public, obtained an agreement rate <80%, and was reformulated based on the participants' suggestions. All other items were considered appropriate and/or complete appropriate in the three blocks proposed: objectives - 92.38%, structure and form - 89.74%, and relevance - 94.44%. Conclusion: the face and content validation of the educative manual proposed were attended to. This can contribute to the understanding of the therapeutic process the head and neck cancer patient is submitted to during the radiation therapy, besides supporting clinical practice through the nursing consultation.
Arctiinae (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Nascimento Milena de Sousa , Ferro Viviane Gianluppi , Monteiro Ricardo Ferreira
Published: June 2016

This study describes the composition and distribution of the Arctiinae species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in Rio de Janeiro, generating the first list of Arctiinae species in the state. We assessed the variations in species composition and the different vegetation types in the municipalities of Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected primarily through surveys of museums and publication lists of species. We also conducted field sampling in March and September 2010. Of the 2,077 records covering 28 municipalities, 679 Arctiinae species were found in Rio de Janeiro state and were divided into two tribes and 220 genera. The location with the highest number of species recorded was Itatiaia, with 362 species, followed by Petrópolis and Angra dos Reis, with 320 and 306 species, respectively. Thirty-four percent (n = 230) of the species recorded were exclusive, i.e., occurred in only one location. The lowest dissimilarity values were observed between neighboring municipalities with the same type of plant formation, such as Petrópolis and Teresópolis (19%) or Itatiaia and Resende (24%). Some municipalities slightly further apart geographically, but with the same type of plant formation, also showed low levels of dissimilarity, for example, Petropolis and Resende (29%). However, most locations showed intermediate dissimilarity values of 40-60%, and in some cases, this figure rose to 96%. In the state of Rio de Janeiro, irrespective of its small geographical size and the predominance of a unique ecosystem, the Atlantic Forest shows a wide variation in relief, which may explain the high beta diversity values. Despite the large number of Arctiinae species recorded in Rio de Janeiro, few species were identified in areas with important forest remnants, such as Guapimirim, Nova Iguaçu, and Campos dos Goitacazes. Some regions of the northwestern part of the state were also subsampled. It is likely that new records of Arctiinae still exist in these locations, further increasing the list of Arctiinae species in Rio de Janeiro.
Cancer patients, emergencies service and provision of palliative care
Authors: Miranda Bruno , Vidal Suely Arruda , Mello Maria Júlia Gonçalves de , Lima Jurema Telles de Oliveira , Rêgo Judith Correia , Pantaleão Milena Cândido , Leão Viviane Gomes Carneiro , Gusmão Filho Fernando Antônio Ribeiro de , Costa Júnior José Iran da
Published: June 2016

SUMMARY Objective: To describe the clinical and sociodemographic profile of cancer patients admitted to the Emergency Center for High Complexity Oncologic Assistance, observing the coverage of palliative and home care. Method: Cross sectional study including adult cancer patients admitted to the emergency service (September-December/2011) with a minimum length of hospital stay of two hours. Student’s t-test and Pearson chi-square test were used to compare the means. Results: 191 patients were enrolled, 47.6% elderly, 64.4% women, 75.4% from the city of Recife and greater area. The symptom prevalent at admission was pain (46.6%). 4.2% of patients were linked to palliative care and 2.1% to home care. The most prevalent cancers: cervix (18.3%), breast (13.6%) and prostate (10.5%); 70.7% were in advanced stages (IV, 47.1%); 39.4% without any cancer therapy. Conclusion: Patients sought the emergency service on account of pain, probably due to the incipient coverage of palliative and home care. These actions should be included to oncologic therapy as soon as possible to minimize the suffering of the patient/family and integrate the skills of oncologists and emergency professionals.