bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Derecho y políticas ambientales en las Islas Baleares (segundo semestre 2018)
Authors: Gómez González Josep Manuel
Published: January 2019

Derecho y políticas ambientales en las Islas Baleares (segundo semestre 2018)
plasma preparation_test v4
Authors: Decock Anneleen
Published: January 2019

This protocol describes how to prepare plasma from blood and is an experimental protocol.
plasma preparation_test v6
Authors: Decock Anneleen
Published: January 2019

This protocol describes how to prepare plasma from blood and is an experimental protocol.
Exosome isolation from plasma v2
Authors: Cho Young-Eun
Published: January 2019

This protocol is to isolate exosomes from plasma by using ExoQuickTM (System Biosciences, EXOQ5TM-1)
Common Paragraph Writing Errors Made by Saudi EFL Students: Error Analysis
Authors: AlTameemy Farooq , Daradkeh Amer
Published: January 2019

Relying on Error Analysis, this article presents an empirical study that scrutinizes comprehensively the types and frequencies of errors in paragraph compositions made by 80 EFL students, Preparatory Year Deanship, at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University. In addition, it aims at exploring the differences between male and female students in regards to these errors as well as investigating whether or not native and non-native English teachers affect significantly the types and frequencies of errors committed in writing. After analyzing 80 paragraphs at the sentence-level and the paragraph-level based on a particular rubric, the results reveal that the 80 students committed 1580 errors in total. At the sentence level, the subjects made 1316 errors in grammar (42.15%), Punctuation (16.14%), spelling (14.81%) and capitalization (10.19%). At the paragraph -level, the participants produced 264 errors illustrated in the following order: Errors in paragraph development (5.13%), Errors in paragraph coherence (4.87%), Errors in paragraph unity (3.80%) and Errors in inconsistency of point of view (2.91%). The results found that except for errors of grammar, there are no statistically significant differences between male and female students at the preparatory Year in Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University in the types of errors in paragraph writing. Moreover, the statistical analysis showed that there are statistically significant differences between university students taught by English native-speaker instructors and university students taught by non-native English instructors in some types of errors in paragraph writing i.e. errors in grammar, spelling and punctuation.
A Systematic Research on the Working Mechanism of Decategorization of Nouns in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Li Zhen
Published: January 2019

Based on the previous research, this paper makes a systematic study of the working mechanism of decategorizaiton of nouns in Mandarin Chinese, employing the theories of metaphor and metonymy and the theory of duality of concept. The major findings are as follows: metonymy-metaphor interaction is the working mechanism in the decategorization of nouns in Mandarin Chinese, mainly metaphor from metonymy, with metonymy and metaphor, functioning at different stages of decategorization. At the initial stage, the basic working mechanism is WHOLE-PART METONYMY. By this mechanism, a certain meaning component in the type notion domain of a noun is highlighted through metonymical constituent perspectivization and subjectivization, expressing descriptive or assertive meaning related to the noun. At the final stage, the working mechanism is mainly categorical metaphor, of which the source domain is the token notion of a typical noun with concrete meaning while the target domain is the type notion with abstract sense intended to express in communication.
ANÁLISIS DE LA PROBABILIDAD DE QUIEBRA DE LAS EMPRESAS COTIZADAS ESPAÑOLAS.
Authors: Moreno Elena , Bravo Francisco
Published: January 2019

El presente trabajo analiza diferentes cuestiones relacionadas con la probabilidad de quiebra de las empresas españolas cotizadas. En primer lugar, se ha analizado el riesgo de quiebra de estas empresas en el año 2015 en base al índice Z-Score diseñado por Altman (1968). En segundo lugar, se realiza una comparación de los resultados procedentes del cálculo del indicador Z-score con los resultados obtenidos al utilizar un indicador de la probabilidad de quiebra adaptado para las empresas españolas. Finalmente, se analiza la posible relación existente entre la probabilidad de quiebra y la calidad de la información voluntaria publicada de las empresas españolas, cuestión importante para mejorar la eficiencia de los mercados de capitales. La evidencia encontrada puede tener implicaciones directas tanto para empresas como para reguladores.
Radiation caries in patients receiving cancer therapy: a review of the literature and their own clinical observations
Authors: Obukhov Yu. A. , Zhukovskaya E. V. , Karelin A. F.
Published: January 2019

Introduction.This study focuses on topical issues of etiopathogenesis, clinic and treatment of radiation injuries of hard dental tissues in patients who completed antitumor therapy.

Review of literature data.In the course of reviewing both domestic and foreign sources of literature covering certain aspects of the problem, the authors formulate the principles of the differential diagnosis of radiation caries, prevention and treatment specificity.

Results.The studies were performed at the TRSC “Russkoe Pole” from January 2017 to August 2018 (the median is 20 months). A group of 2005 patients who received radiation therapy for the treatment of hemoblastosis, solid tumors, including for the purpose of consolidation before the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, was selected. The most severe lesions of the dentition were detected in 74 (3.2 %) patients during the rehabilitation period, mainly with tumors of the central nervous system: radiation caries, trisism, adentia. Radiation caries is a common complication of radiation therapy in the treatment of malignant neoplasms in children and adolescents.

Conclusion.The severity of radial caries is determined by the local dose and age of the patients at the time of exposure.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study was performed without external funding.
Neurobiology of sleep and insomnia in children with CNS tumors
Authors: Andreeva N. A. , Kumirova E. V.
Published: January 2019

Insomnia is a common symptom in children with malignant diseases and especially in children with tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). However, little attention is paid this complication during the therapy of malignant neoplasms. Insomnia violates the quality of life of children and their immediate surroundings. In this article, the etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnostics are discussed in detail, and methods for treating this pathology are presented with two clinical cases confirming the diverse nature of insomnia in CNS tumors. Thus, the importance of an individual approach to the therapy of insomnia is emphasized.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study was performed without external funding
Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infant: Two Case Reports from Sulaimani
Authors: Hamied Marwa , Al-Shaikhani Salwa , Garib Balkees , Aloosi Suha
Published: January 2019

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy is a rare osteolytic-pigmented neoplasm that primarily affects the maxilla of newborn infants. Two cases of melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy were presented to the department of oral and maxillofacial pathology in Sulaimani Dental College, 2015. Clinical assessment and histologic diagnosis of the classic findings supported the final diagnosis, and no recurrence was detected after one year follow up.
Prevalence of oral mucosal changes in type 2 diabetic patients attending diabetes mellitus center in Sulaimani city
Authors: Ahmed Ranj , Garib Balkees
Published: January 2019

Objective: Find the prevalence of possible changes seen in the oral mucosa of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Methods: Three hundred type 2 DM patients included in this study after taking their medical history and glycemic control level. Patients were asked for symptoms of dry mouth, burning sensation, pain and paresthesia and they were subjected to full oral mucosal examination. 

Results: Most patients had one or more subjective oral complain (83%). The predominant symptom was the feeling of dry mouth (80%) with no sex difference (P= 0.772). The mucosal pain reported in (12.7%) and significantly in males (P= 0.000). Gingival redness reported in (33.3%) and paresthesia in (8%). Nine (3%) patients had white buccal patches and six of them revealed lichenoid drug reaction. Dry mouth and oral burning sensation were shown to be unrelated to the glycemic control. Gingival redness was the most common lesion and correlated with poor glycemic control. Tongue was the second most commonly affected site in both sexes; however, the type of changes was sex and age-dependent.  Denture stomatitis was seen in 4% and more frequent in females and in old age patients but did not relate to glycemic status. Lichenoid drug reaction was more prevalent among patients with poor glycemic control (6.3%) and who were above 50 years old. Buccal mucosal white patches were related to the glycemic control (P = 0.014).

Conclusions: Dry mouth was the most common complaints of a diabetic patient in all levels of glycemic control. Gingival redness was frequent in diabetic patients and correlated with poor glycemic control. Buccal white patches were more prevalent in patients with poor glycemic control and who were above 50 years old.
Effect of Scaling and Root Surface Debridement on Lipid Profile in Type-2 Diabetes Patients with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Mahmood Zainab , Mohammad Chenar
Published: January 2019

Objective: Periodontitis is the most common inflammatory conditions affecting the periodontal tissues and considered as one of the complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of scaling and root surface debridement on clinical periodontal parameters and serum lipid profile levels in chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: The study enrolled on 45 patients, 15 systemically healthy patients with chronic periodontitis, 15 well controlled (glycated hemoglobin <8%) and 15 poorly controlled (HbA1c ≥8%) type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. Intra-oral clinical parameters (plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss) and blood samples were collected to test high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) for all patients at baseline and after 30 days of periodontal therapy. One-way ANOVA used to compare between groups.

Results: The study groups showed significant reduction in clinical periodontal parameters after 30 days of periodontal therapy (P < 0.000), while no significant differences were seen in serum lipid profile (P >0.05). Non-significant differences were also seen between the 3 groups in relation to clinical periodontal parameters and serum lipid profiles after periodontal therapy P > 0.05.

Conclusions: Scaling and root surface debridement reduce clinical parameters of periodontitis in all study groups, however, no significant reduction of lipid profile were exhibited.
FIELD PRIESTHOOD OF THE UKRAINIAN GALICIAN ARMY IN THE STATE-BUILDING OF 1918-1920: DEVELOPMENTS AND PERSPECTIVES OF RESEARCH
Authors: Kapeliushnyi V.
Published: January 2019

The author provides a short analysis of the scientific researches, related with the role and meaning of the field priesthood of the Galician Army in 1918-1920. Main attention is paid to the studies of modern native scholars, that were published after the independence of Ukraine had been declared, for example – Ya. Hrytsak, D. Zabzaliuk, O. Krasivskyi, M. Lytvyn, V. Marchuk, O. Pavlyshyn, V. Futuluichuka. A significance role of the experience of pastoral service in the Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen and its deployment in Ukrainian Galician Army are considered in the article. The author came to the conclusion that the relations between state and church in West Ukraine should be scrutinized as a so-called tandem. In this alliance the leaders of the West Ukrainian People’s Republic supported the development of Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church and whereas clergy assisted in Ukrainian state-building.
COGNITIVE EVOKED POTENTIALS IN STUDYING OF MENTAL PROCESSES AND MILITARY OCCUPATIONAL ADAPTATION
Authors: Pavlov K I , Mukhin V N , Syrtsev A V , Archimuk A N , Sysoev V N , Petrenko M I
Published: January 2019

The aim of this review is to substantiate theoretically the application of the cognitive evoked potentials method to evaluation of physiological mechanisms of cognitive functions and their contribution to determinants of the military occupational adaptation. The review of literature includes questions of application of the cognitive evoked potentials method in the military professional selection, and in the study of mechanisms of mental processes among servicemen in the norm, at combat-related stress, at posttraumatic stress disorder, and at other kinds of pathology. The requirement is substantiated to include the cognitive evoked potentials method in procedures of psychometric meta-analyses and in crossvalidation studies carried out within the framework of development of the modern methodical apparatus of psychodiagnostics.
PROTOCOLS OF NEUROFEEDBACK IN TREATMENT OF PATIENTS SUFFERING WITH DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
Authors: Shamaeva T F
Published: January 2019

Depression is one of the most common affective disorders, and it is the main psychological problem of modern society. Pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy methods are used in medicine as traditional treatment of depressive disorders. However, there is a therapeutic problem of drug resistance, despite the significant progress in understanding neurophysiological mechanisms of depression progression. The neurofeedback is one of alternative therapeutic methods, which makes it possible to activate the ability of self-regulation of the brain by means of every second feedback about changes of bioelectrical activity given in the form of audio and video information. In the article main protocols of neurofeedback method in treatment of patients with depressive disorders are considered and recommendations are given for modernization and improving the efficacy of this method which will make it possible to accelerate processes of rehabilitation of patients suffering with depressive disorders.
EXPERIMENTAL OSTEOARTHRITIS MODELING: FROM SEARCHING OF “GOLD STANDARD” TO PHENOTYPIC PRINCIPLE
Authors: Korochina K V , Chernysheva T V , Korochina I E , Shamaev S Yu
Published: January 2019

The authors present a review of literature on experimental osteoarthritis (OA) within searching for its universal model. Classification, advantages, disadvantages, methodological inaccuracies of various authorial approaches from the point of view of conformity to human disease were identified based on analysis of the array of literature. Among techniques for OA modeling traumatic techniques were in most common use; among them "local" surgical manipulations, local devascularization, intraarticular injections of chemical-and-mechanical inducers and adjuvants which were followed up by gross changes in joint structures and, probably, severe pain. The influence of age and some genetic characteristics of cartilage structure were studied during experiments on laboratory animals with modified genetic apparatus. The methods of indirect "systemic" influence on joint structures are the most advanced in simulation of non-traumatic OA; however the etiological adequacy of proposed models is debatable. The concept of searching for the "gold standard" of the experimental model of OA formed earlier requires reconsideration because the modern identification of different OA subtypes leads to the development of new approaches on its reproducing in animals with ultimate imitation of a particular phenotype.
MULTIFOCAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS IS ONE OF THE MAJOR RISK FACTORS THAT ACCELERATES THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
Authors: Prudnikov A R , Shchupakova A N
Published: January 2019

The literary review is devoted to the role of multifocal atherosclerosis (MFA) in the development of acute cardiovascular events. The data on prevalence and different methods of multifocal atherosclerosis diagnosis are presented. A piece of information about the existing prognostic scales of progress of adverse coronary events for a certain period of time is given. It is proposed to include non-coronary atherosclerosis in prognostic scales to increase their predictive power.
NON-MOTOR SYMPTOMS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL TREMOR, PARKINSONS DISEASE AND THE COMBINATION OF ESSENTIAL TREMOR AND PARKINSONS DISEASE
Authors: Kudrevatykh A V , Didur M D , Sergeev TV V , Bug D S , Miliukhina I V
Published: January 2019

Aim of the study: to assess non-motor symptoms and quality of life in patients with essential tremor (ET), different stages of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and combination of ET and PD (ET-PD). Materials and methods of the research: We examined 82 patients with ET, 20 patients with ET-PD, 283 patients with PD, and 72 neurologically healthy volunteers. The neuropsychological status, intensity of motor symptoms, the grade of vegetative dysfunction and dyssomnia, and quality of life of patients were assessed. Results: Patients with ET showed wide range of nonmotor symptoms. The severity of cognitive impairment in group of patients with ET corresponded with the same severity of patients with early stages of PD. It is interesting that patients with ET showed more severe depression than patients with early stages of PD. The maximum severity of anxiety-depressive disorders was observed in patients with the combination of ET-PD. Conclusion: In spite of the fact that it is usual to consider the ET as a monosymptomatic benign disease, we have found significant non-motor disorders in this group of patients and a significant violation of the quality of life. The results of the study also give evidence that patients with ET-PD represent a special group of patients, characterized by special, both motor and non-motor symptoms. The data we obtained made it possible to form a deeper understanding of the generality of the clinical manifestations of ET, PD and ET-PD, which will make it possible to improve the quality of management of patients with these nosologies in clinical practice.
THE PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF THE PULMONARY VENOUS HYPERTENSION
Authors: Evlakhov V I , Poyassov I Z , Ovsyannikov V I
Published: January 2019

In the review regulatory mechanisms of functions of pulmonary venous vessels have been considered as well as the signifi cance of their impairment in the development of the pulmonary hypertension, caused by the left ventricular cardiac failure. One of the trigger mechanisms of the development of the pulmonary hypertension as a result of the elevation of the left atrial and pulmonary venous pressure is the reflectory constriction of the pulmonary arterioles (Kitayev’s reflex). Further, the development of endothelial dysfunction and pulmonary vessels remodeling with the phenomenon of “arterializations” of the pulmonary veins take place. The exact evaluation of the pulmonary vascular resistance value in the clinical practice is a difficult task. This parameter, being integrated, does not allow to evaluate the resistance values of pulmonary arterial and venous vessels in the conditions of pulmonary hypertension and to give exact characteristics of their changes, as a result. The mechanisms of development of the pulmonary venous hypertension could not be explicated using the simplified model of the pulmonary vasoconstriction, because the main features of the pulmonary circulation are the presence of arteriovenous and bronchopulmonary shunts, and pulsatile character of the blood flow. To understand the exact pathogenesis of this pathology the further fundamental investigation not only on the cell level, but also on organ and system levels are needed.
EVALUATION OF THE DATA OF EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION BY THE METHOD OF INTEGRATION OF ANGIOGENESIS INHIBITORS INTO THE BACK SUBTENON SPACE ON THE VISCOUS MEDIA
Authors: Gaybaryan R V , Epikhin A N , Epikhina U N , Bondarenko U F , Epikhin N A
Published: January 2019

Aim of the research. Study of clinical efficacy of treatment of wet form of age-related macular degeneration by using the method of introduction of the inhibitor of angiogenesis into the back s ubtenon s pace on the viscous media. Material and methods of the study. The first group (main group) included 41 patients (43 eyes) with wet form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). All patients in this group were injected in the back subtenon space 7.5-12.5 mg of an angiogenesis inhibitor on a viscous medium (1.0 ml of 2% solution of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose). The second group (control group) consisted of 30 patients (30 eyes) with wet form of AMD, for this group a retrospective analysis of dynamics of morpho-functional indices after intravitreal injections of angiogenesis inhibitors according to standard methods (1.25 mg) was carried out. The observance time period amounted to 12 months. Results. When comparing the effectiveness of treatment, the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved significantly in both groups after treatment. Also, according to data of the optical coherence tomography (OCT), the mean central retinal thickness (CRT), the extent, height of pathological changes, the area of the pathological focus and the relative volume of the pathological focus were significantly reduced as a result of treatment. No significant differences were found between the groups (all p>0.05). In accordance with results of the evaluation, the effect duration at subtenon method of administrations amounted to 2-2.5 months, at intravitreal method it amounted to 1-1.5 months. The number of administrations in the 12 months of observation in the main group amounted to 2.8 injections per patient on average, and in the control group it amounted to 4.2 injections. Conclusion: Subtenon injections of the inhibitor of angiogenesis into the back subtenon space gives the positive effect in the treatment of wet form of age-related macular degeneration, and its application on viscous medium has a prolonged effect.
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE OF CARDIAC PATIENTS
Authors: Mikhaylova L V , Romanova E M , Dobrynina U A
Published: January 2019

The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional state of the kidneys in patients with cardiological profile. Material and methods: a retrospective analysis of 208 case histories of patients discharged from the 1st and 2nd cardiological departments of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Regional Kaliningrad Clinical Hospital was conducted, 110 of them (53%) were men and 98 (47%) were women. The average age of the patients was 63 (56.0, 71.0) years. To evaluate the kidney function, a calculation method for determining GFR using the formula CKD-EPI in ml/min/1.73 m2 was used. Results: It was revealed that more than a third of cardiological patients without diagnosed kidney diseases have signs of renal dysfunction in the form of CKD 1-3 stages. CKD stage 3 was relatively more common in patients with arrhythmias on the background of organic myocardial lesions. The functional state of the kidneys worsens with an increase in functional class angina pectoris and CHF; all patients with CHF III-IV FC included in the study had signs of CKD 2-3 stages. The statistical dependence of the functional state of the kidneys on the presence / stage of hypertension, the presence of IHD, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia was not revealed.
Inflammatory disorders in the pathogenesis of Charcot-Marie-Tooth hereditary polyneuropathy
Authors: Voitenkov V B , Ekusheva E V , Skripchenko N V , Klimkin A V
Published: January 2019

In our review, we discuss the inflammatory changes in the pathophysiology of Charcot-Marie-Tooth hereditary polyneuropathy, and this matter is still under further evaluation. Lipid oxidation, inflammatory changes, and blood inflammation agent (e.g., cytokines) concentration changes are important for the pathogenesis of this disorder. Several clinical cases of acute or chronic combination of hereditary and inflammatory polyneuropathies are identified. These clinical cases may be suspected when the typical course of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease changed to rapid worsening of motor symptoms, inflammatory changes, and pain syndrome. Thus, anti-inflammatory treatment should be considered in these cases.
Application of physical factors in complex treatment of puerperas with postpartum endometritis
Authors: Veres I A
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the complex therapy of postpartum endometritis (PE) using percutaneous electrophoresis of metronidazole in the main group of puerperas (n = 43, mean age 27.6 ± 5.2 years). Patients from the comparison group (n = 42, mean age 26.3 ± 4.1 years) received only basic treatment according to the protocol. This study determined the severity of the main symptoms of PE in puerperas before and after the treatment using the clinical scale. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated quantitatively. Electrophoretic percutaneous administration of metronidazole combined with basic drug therapy exerted a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect at the local and systemic levels and reduced the risk of infection in endometritis. Compared with the basic therapy of PE, the high therapeutic effectiveness of electrophoresis with metronidazole was established.
Intraportal therapy of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells in patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation
Authors: Granov D A , Sheraliev A R , Gerasimova O A , Polikarpov A A
Published: January 2019

This study was carried out to explore the methodology of intraportal infusion of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells in patients in the waiting list for liver transplantation. The study included eight patients. The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score as a predictor of hepatic failure exceeds 10 points, i.e., 12-22 points. According to Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) classification, the severity of cirrhosis ranged from class B to C. The bone marrow volume of 224-320 ml was harvested by bilateral aspiration from the posterior iliac crest. The total volume of the mononuclear cells (MNC) was 47.1-58.3 ml (median, 47 ml). The absolute viable count of isolated MNC was 1.24 · 109-5.84 · 109 and CD34+ cells 2.54 · 106-48.20 · 106. After portal vein catheterization, direct transhepatic portography was performed, and portosystemic collaterals were found in all cases. Portal flowmetry was performed to determine the optimal selective perfusion rate of the segmental branches of the portal vein. Portal vein infusion was performed at 0.3-1.5 ml/sec. Serious side effects were not detected during bone marrow harvesting and MNC infusion. All patients had stable condition (no deterioration was initially noticed) after MNC infusion according to the MELD score and CTP criteria during a 3-month observation. Moreover, improvement in physical health status was observed and obtained using the SF-36 questionnaire. This study confirmed the safety of using intraportal therapy of autologous bone marrow MNC in patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation. Herein, we presented the technique of target delivery of autologous bone marrow MNC to the liver to minimize their loss during intraportal infusion. Prolonged follow-up time and improvement of the present technique are needed for further evaluation of the efficiency of autologous bone marrow MNC.
Рathomorphological features of corneal regeneration in experimentally induced dystrophy against the background of intrastromal administration of autologous mononuclear leukocytes
Authors: Denisko M S , Krivosheina O I , Filippova E O , Mustafina L R
Published: January 2019

The purpose of research is study the features of the flow of reparative regeneration of the cornea in an experiment in vivo with induced bullous keratopathy after the introduction of a suspension of autologous mononuclear leukocytes in the posterior third of the corneal stroma. Materials and methods. The experiment was performed on 27 chinchilla rabbits (27 eyes). At the first stage of the experiment all animals were reproduced the model of corneal bullous keratopathy by mechanical damage and removal of its endothelial layer. At the second stage, 2 weeks after the development of the disease, the animals were divided, depending on the planned treatment, into 2 groups: the main, 12 animals once in the back third of the corneal stroma were administered a suspension of autologous mononuclear leukocytes; comparisons, 12 animals were treated by conservative therapy. Results. Reproduction of in vivo bullous keratopathy of the cornea by mechanical damage and removal of its endothelial layer is accompanied by rapid (within 2 weeks) the development of the disease with diffuse hydropic degeneration of the anterior epithelium, marked edema of the stroma with the bundle of collagen fibers. On the experimental model of the bullous keratopathy of cornea it was found that the introduction of a suspension of autologous mononuclear leukocytes in the posterior third of the corneal stroma in the treatment of the disease provides rapid (1.5 times) dehydration of the stroma, reduces the number of dystrophic cells in the anterior epithelium by 1.2 times compared with conservative treatment. The period of restoration of the normal thickness of the corneal slice in animals of the main group is reduced by 1.4 times. The conclusion. The introduction of autologous mononuclear leukocytes suspension into the posterior third of the corneal stroma in the treatment of experimental bullous keratopathy of cornea induces reparative regeneration, accelerating the restoration of damaged corneal structures and preventing its neovascularization.
Evaluation of the radioprotective properties of recombinant flagellin when used alone or in combination with interleukin-1 beta
Authors: Murzina E V , Sofronov G A , Simbirtsev A S , Aksenova N V , Veselova O M , Ischenko A M
Published: January 2019

Research objective. To evaluate the radioprotective effectiveness of recombinant flagellin when used alone or in combination with interleukin-1 beta for prophylactic or therapeutic effect on animals. Materials and methods. The effect of hybrid flagellin FliC Salmonella typhimurium and human interleukin-1β (Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Saint Petersburg, Russia) on the 30-day survival of male mice exposed to lethal doses of X-ray radiation was studied. Survival of irradiated animals was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results. The preventive use of flagellin had a protective effect on the 30-day survival of mice irradiated with lethal doses of X-rays. Compared with the irradiated control, the administration of flagellin (1 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg) prior to X-ray exposure (7.5 Gy, 8.0 Gy or 8.5 Gy) increased the animal survival rate to 67-87%. Complex preventive administration of flagellin (1 mg/kg) and interleukin-1 beta (50 μg/kg) provided a 100% survival rate of the irradiated mice. Separate use of drugs was also effective; 92.8% of mice survived when flagellin was administered prior to irradiation and interleukin after. Conclusion. Recombinant flagellin is a promising candidate product for designing new generation of domestic radiation countermeasures, including combinations with interleukin-1 beta.
Ensino, Reformas e Política nas Crônicas de Educação de Cecilia Meireles (1930-1933)
Authors: Strang Bernadete De Lourdes Streisky
Published: January 2019

Este artigo é um recorte de pesquisa maior e teve como objetivo compreender como os intelectuais da década de 1930, a pedido do próprio Vargas e seu Ministro da Educação e Saúde, Francisco Campos, colaboraram para a organização e para a construção de políticas para a Educação em perspectiva nacional, considerando que estas contribuições seriam contempladas no Capítulo relativo à Educação na nova Carta Magna de 1934. Portanto, trata-se do estudo histórico das ideias e do envolvimento político de Cecília Meireles, seus pensamentos, ações e inserção nos grupos e tendências intelectuais, que discutiam os rumos para a Educação, assim como suas iniciativas no âmbito da formação, da organização e da disseminação da cultura no Brasil da década de 1930. As fontes utilizadas nesta pesquisa foram as Crônicas1 de Educação, publicadas diariamente na Página de Educação do jornal carioca Diário de Notícias, na coluna Comentário, entre os anos de 1930 a 1933 e a correspondência entre Cecília Meireles e Fernando de Azevedo.Palavras-chave: Intelectuais. Cecília Meireles. Diário de Notícias. Crônicas de Educação.AbstractThis article is a major research cut and aimed to understand how the  intellectuals of the 1930s, at the request of Vargas himself and his Minister of Education and Health, Francisco Campos, collaborated in the organization and construction of policies for education in a national perspective, considering that these contributions would be contemplated in the Chapter on Education in the new Magna Carta of 1934. Therefore, it is the historical study of the ideas and political involvement of Cecília Meireles, her thoughts, actions and insertion in the groups and intellectual tendencies that discussed the paths to education, as well as their initiatives in the field of formation, organization and dissemination of culture in Brazil in the 1930s. The sources used in this research were the Chronicles of Education of “Diário de Notícias” (a journal from Rio de Janeiro), published daily on the Journal Education Page in the column Commentary, between the years 1930 to 1933 and the correspondence between Cecília Meireles and Fernando de Azevedo.Keywords: Intellectuals. Cecília Meireles. Diário de Notícias. Chronicles of Education
Efectos del kinesiotape sobre el tono y la fuerza muscular. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Alonso Martín Aránzazu Henar , Blanco Raphaël , Justo Cousiño Lorenzo Antonio
Published: January 2019

El auge de la práctica deportiva ha hecho que se conozca mucho más el kinesiotape o vendaje neuromuscular, el cual surge gracias a la idea de un vendaje elástico que mejorara la función de la musculatura sin limitar los movimientos. Los estudios realizados hasta ahora no siguen criterios metodológicos estandarizados y la efectividad de la técnica está por determinar. Por ello, esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo conocer la eficacia de la aplicación del kinesiotape sobre el tono y fuerza muscular de sujetos sanos. Se revisaron dos bases de datos (PEDro y WOS), encontrando en un principio 196 artículos. Al final se incluyeron 10 artículos (524 sujetos) para el análisis de la calidad metodológica por medio de la escala PEDro. La puntuación media de los artículos en la escala PEDro fue de 6’4 sobre 10 puntos. El 30 % de los artículos incluidos en esta revisión observaron efectos significativos del KT sobre la musculatura. En miembro superior el kinesiotape incrementó la fuerza de prensión y la fuerza de los músculos pectoral mayor e infraespinoso. En el tronco no se observaron resultados significativos. En miembro inferior solo se obtuvieron resultados significativos en los músculos gastrocnemios. Los parámetros de aplicación del kinesiotape en los diferentes estudios fueron heterogéneos. La evidencia sobre la aplicación del kinesiotape en sujetos sanos es contradictoria y el número de estudios con efectos significativos es limitado, por ello son necesarias más investigaciones científicas para determinar la efectividad de esta técnica.
Influence of Harvest, Processing, and Substrate in the Germination of Dalbergia nigra Seeds
Authors: Regnier Leonardo
Published: January 2019

Dalbergia nigra is a Brazilian native species with relevant economic and ecological roles. Due to its indiscriminate exploration is an endangered species. Besides the great demand for seedling production, only a few aspects of D. nigra germination have been explored. Thus, this study aimed to determine how harvesting immature fruits, fruits processing, and substrate could influence Dalbergia nigra germination process. Five thousand immature, and five thousand mature fruits evenly distributed between two replicas of each of tree 3 treatments; integral fruits, fruits with edges cut, and direct seed sowing in vermiculite. Seeking to evaluate substrate influence over germination, 252 seeds were strewed in the prepared organic substrate. No fruits harvested in visually green appearance did germinate under any of treatments. Integral fruits and cut procedure presented the same time for the first germination, almost two times the amount observed to direct seeds sowing. Besides that, the germination rate was not statistically affected. We found that different substrates also influence the germination pattern, as seen to seed processing when using vermiculite as a substrate, germination starts earlier but the germination rate was not statistically affected. Harvest of Dalbergia nigra green fruits is not an adequate procedure seeking seedling production. The reduction on germination time and better seedling quality, indicate that direct seed sowing procedure is adequate seeking seedling production. Vermiculite substrate gave better results, reducing the time required to germination process. Besides that, this substrate did not affect the germination rate during this study period.
Reaching Young People Through Texting-Based Crisis Counseling
Authors: Nesmith Ande
Published: January 2019

Texting-based crisis intervention counseling reaches young people who suffer from mental health issues at high rates yet hesitate to seek help. As a new interface, it is neither well-researched nor well-understood. This study examined 49 randomly selected text counseling transcripts and key informant interviews with two counselors to identify unique characteristics of the text counseling process and learn texter reactions to the sessions. Texters presented problems that were similar to those reported in voice-based hotlines. Texters valued the privacy and flexibility of texting that permitted them to receive help immediately rather than delaying. Counselors reported that they must be brief and direct with questions and avoid assigning emphasis to words. The written format required that both parties must be explicit and clear to convey their messages accurately. Both texters and counselors suggested that the texting option might lead young people to seek help that they might otherwise avoid. Recommendations include specialized training on strategies to assess and connect with texters using only the written word and research to develop best practices for texting-based crisis intervention services.
Innovative Strategies for Building Community Among Faculty Who Teach in Virtual Environments
Authors: Schwartz Sara L. , Weiss Eugenia L. , Wiley June L.
Published: January 2019

A previous qualitative study (Schwartz, Wiley, & Kaplan, 2016) described the faculty experiences and reflections of delivering Master of Social Work (MSW) education via a virtual platform at the University of Southern California, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work during its initial years of operation. Thematic analysis revealed a need for community building amongst geographically diverse faculty. Given social work’s emphasis on the person-in-environment perspective, it is imperative to consider the experiences of those individuals responsible for executing virtual technology-supported programs and delivering education via virtual platforms. The current paper describes innovative institutional and programmatic interventions implemented to promote community and collaboration among faculty who teach virtually. Creating strategic opportunities for virtual and ground-based faculty to connect informally and formally has the potential to foster a culture of inclusivity, connection, and a productive community of practice.
Examining Self-Care Among Individuals Employed in Social Work Capacities
Authors: Miller J. Jay , Lianekhammy Joann , Grise-Owens Erlene
Published: January 2019

Increasingly, the social work profession recognizes the need for more attention to self-care. Concomitantly, this growing awareness and ethical commitment is fostering a burgeoning self-care movement. However, despite recognition about the importance of self-care, there is a paucity of research that explicitly examines self-care practices among social workers. This cross-sectional study examined the self-care practices of individuals employed in social work capacities (n=1,011) in one southeastern state in the United States. Findings suggest that participants in the sample engaged in personal and professional self-care practices only moderately. Further, data suggest significant group differences in the practice of self-care, by relationship status, educational attainment, health status, and current financial situation, respectively. Overall, results indicate self-care as a potential area of improvement for participants in this study, in general, and perhaps for individuals employed in social work contexts, more generally.
Active surveillance culture in a critical care unit of a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal, India: a prospective study
Authors: Thakur Leelavati , Dash Chinmaya , Sinha Sulekha
Published: January 2019

Background: Hospital-acquired infections are a common and serious public health problem and their management and control are essential to minimize hospital-related morbidity and mortality. The aim was to acquire the base line data regarding prevalence of Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) organism in a tertiary care institution and to help in ensuring proper practice guidelines like contact isolation, cohorting and sterile barrier precaution. The study design was an observational descriptive hospital based cross sectional study.Methods: The study was conducted in a critical care unit of a tertiary care hospital for a duration of 6months. Patients with the age more than 18yrs, duration of stay more than 48hrs were included in the study. Categorical data are expressed in percentages.Results: In the study 111 patients more than 18 yrs of age were enrolled of which 68 were male and 43 females. The sample collected from the axillary site were 110, nasal site 108, urine 96 and respiratory site 95. The culture positivity for pathogenic organisms were maximum for axillary site (95.5%) followed by nasal site (83.33%), respiratory site (36.8%) and urine (26%). Of all the organisms isolated multidrug resistance were as follows: MRSA 63% and MSSA 37% (of all S. aureus), MR CoNS 41.32% (of all CoNS), ESBL producer 22.2% and carbapenemase producer 22.2% (of all Klebsiella species), ESBL producer 37.5% and carbapenemase producer 31.26% (of all E. coli), non albicans Candida 57.14% (of all Candida species).Conclusions: Early identification of the causative pathogen in nosocomial and community-acquired infection is crucial for initiating the correct antibiotics as well as preventing further spread.
Prevalence and commonest predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nagalingam Saranya , Murugaraj Vaishnavi
Published: January 2019

Background: Babies born to mothers with GDM are at increased risk of complications, primarily growth abnormalities and chemical imbalances such as hypoglycemia, GDM is a reversible condition and women who have adequate control of glucose level scan effectively decrease the associated risks and give birth to healthy babies. The objective was to estimate the prevalence and the predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods: This study was conducted as a cross sectional study among the antenatal mothers at the outpatient department of the rural and urban health centers of the KG hospital and PG institute and its affiliated centers in Coimbatore. The study period was one year and during which 150 antenatal mothers participated in the study.Results: The prevalence of GDM was 76 (9%) and 74 (11%) in rural and urban health centers respectively. The maximum number of GDM Mothers to be 26-30years of age with a peak indicating 42% and 39% of GDM mothers were found to be in primigravida, 48% of GDM mothers were primipara. About 65% of GDM pre-pregnant mothers were overweight according to BMI, 53% of GDM mothers had positive family history of DM. Majority of the study population 100 (67%) had HBA1C less than 6% and the remaining 50 (33%) had more than 6% value. The variables like age, gravida, parity, family history of diabetes, pre-pregnant BMI, history of PCOS, history of hypertension, history of hypothyroidism was compared with the glycaemic status (HBA1C values) and it was found to be statistically significant at P<0.05.Conclusions: The commonest risk factors which increases the incidence of GDM were family history of diabetes mellitus, overweight pre-pregnant BMI, history of PCOS, hypothyroidism, increasing gravidity and parity respectively.
Age and sex variation in visceral adipose tissue
Authors: Panchu Pallavi , Bahuleyan Biju , Babu Rose , Vijayan Vineetha
Published: January 2019

Background: Adipose tissue mainly visceral fat is said to be harmful and acts as a harbinger of metabolic disorders. A changing trend is seen in the recent decades with decreasing incidence of metabolic disorders in men even though visceral fat is said to be higher in them. Sex hormones may influence the deposition pattern of adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to observe effects of age on visceral fat and to know if the difference in gender pattern of fat distribution is maintained throughout life or disappears after menopause.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Thrissur on 385 apparently healthy subjects using Omron body composition analyser. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.0 version. The tests employed were NOVA, independent samples t-test.Results: In each age group, men had significantly higher visceral fat than females. As age increased, visceral fat increased significantly in both genders. In each group, except for younger age groups, VF levels were equal in men and women.Conclusions: Visceral fat is higher in men and this difference is seen in all age groups. As age increases, visceral fat levels also increased in men and women. The distribution of visceral fat is such that a greater number of men have high to very high levels at a younger age group, a feature observed in women only in the peri and post-menopausal age. Adoption of an active lifestyle coupled with healthy diet should protect against onset of metabolic disorders.