bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Síndrome de intestino irritable (SII): Nuevos conceptos en 2023.
Authors: Otero R. William , Otero P. Lina , Marulanda F. Hernando
Published: November 2022

El síndrome de intestino irritable, considerado antes como un trastorno funcional, forma actualmente parte del grupo de los trastornos de la interacción del eje intestino-cerebro, una enfermedad orgánica que se identifica clínicamente por la presencia de dolor abdominal recurrente y alteración en la frecuencia o consistencia de las heces. Es una patología multifactorial con impacto negativo en la calidad de vida y hasta el momento, incurable. El objetivo del tratamiento es controlar los síntomas, lo que representa un alto costo para los servicios de salud a nivel mundial.

El presente artículo revisa la epidemiología, fisiopatología, el tratamiento y algunos posibles factores relacionados como las alteraciones en la motilidad gastrointestinal, hipersensibilidad visceral, inflamación intestinal, alteración de la microbiota intestinal o disbiosis, sobrecrecimiento bacteriano y la respuesta inmunológica a la dieta.
Incidencia de la pandemia Covid-19 en los trastornos gastrointestinales (GI)
Authors: Peñaloza Ramírez Arecio , Sepúlveda Molina Alan
Published: November 2022

Aunque la infección por el SARS-CoV-2 es fundamentalmente de tipo respiratorio, también puede afectar otros sistemas como el tracto gastrointestinal y el hígado, siendo los síntomas más frecuentes la diarrea, anorexia, vómitos y náuseas, que pueden estar presentes hasta en el 80 % de los pacientes con COVID-19, los dos primeros son los síntomas gastrointestinales reportados con mayor frecuencia en adultos y se presentan hasta en el 40 % de los casos.

Se ha observado un significativo compromiso hepático en pacientes con COVID-19, debido a múltiples factores relacionados no solo con la enfermedad misma, sino también con el consumo de medicamentos para el tratamiento sintomático y sistémico de la enfermedad. También se ha visto una exacerbación de síntomas de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico, dispepsia o síndrome de intestino irritable, probablemente relacionado con un estado disbiótico, deterioro de la barrera epitelial, inflamación y disfunción intestinal.
Acuerdos Fundamentales.
Authors: De Medicina Academia Nacional
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN

La Ley Estatutaria en Salud (LES) de 2015 constituye uno de los adelantos más significativos para la salud en Colombia. No obstante, a más de seis años de su aprobación, el goce efectivo del derecho fundamental a la salud no es una realidad en el país. Las organizaciones firmantes del sector salud presentan a consideración del Gobierno Nacional, del Congreso de la República y de la opinión general, unos ACUERDOS FUNDAMENTALES, de lo que consideran esencial para el pleno desarrollo de la Ley Estatutaria 1751 de 2015.
Breve historia de la gastroenterología a través de algunos de sus protagonistas
Authors: Prieto-Ortiz Robin Germán
Published: November 2022

Aunque la especialidad de gastroenterología es reconocida a nivel mundial desde hace poco más de cien años, y muchos de estos programas académicos tienen alrededor de cinco décadas, los trastornos gastrointestinales afectan a la humanidad desde su mismo origen. En los primeros documentos escritos ya se mencionaban enfermedades de esta área y se recomendaban diversos tipos de tratamientos basados inicialmente en brebajes y en diversas plantas. A la par con el desarrollo de la ciencia, estos asuntos de la salud que inicialmente tenían implicaciones religiosas o relacionadas con los dioses, fueron logrando una base científica gracias al trabajo de muchos médicos e investigadores de otras áreas. Aunque este desarrollo se ha dado especialmente en el último siglo, no se puede desconocer el trabajo de sus pioneros, el cual se resalta en este artículo que presenta una breve revisión de la evolución de la gastroenterología a través de algunos de sus protagonistas.
Introduction of Technologies in Teaching Rural Nigerian Children to Promote Equity and Inclusion
Authors: Eya Patrick
Published: November 2022

Over 70% of the population in Nigeria are located in rural areas. Education is still largely delivered through the traditional method of teacher centered pedagogy. Rural areas in Nigeria is characterized by lack of basic infrastructural facilities. Outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic has necessitated changes in educational structure, learning environment, learning devices and teaching approaches. According to Gambary (2021) “our education can solve no problems if technologies meant to support innovative teaching and learning are not available at all levels of education”. In this 21st century, emphasis has been on the learner-centered education. This approach can only be successfully implemented if technologies are introduced. Unfortunately in Nigeria, these changes do not seem to have gotten to the rural areas. Consequently learners in these rural locales and their teachers are put at a disadvantage and the situation is further exacerbated for the females, girls, disabled and other vulnerable groups. The issues of equity and inclusive education will suffer. The purpose of the study was to determine the technologies employed in teaching and learning in Nigeria, the extent to which they are utilized, and motivate the learners. The study adopted descriptive survey design. The study was carried out in Igbo-Eze North Local Government Area of Enugu State. Population was made up of 71086 learners and 4276 teachers in the public junior secondary schools. Researcher developed questionnaire was the main instrument used for data collection. Data was analyzed using frequency count and mean. Results show that technologies are not available and the few that were available were not utilized effectively. The teachers and the students agreed that technologies are source of motivation, promote equity and enhance inclusion in education. Based on the findings seven recommendations were made.
Donkey milk composition and its therapeutic applications
Authors: BHARDWAJ ANURADHA , PAL YASH , LEGHA RAM AVTAR , SHARMA PARVATI , NAYAN VARIJ , KUMAR SANJAY , TRIPATHI HEMA , TRIPATHI B N
Published: November 2022

Milk contains plentiful nutrients. In Western countries, cow’s milk fat is supposed as a risk factor for health because it is a source of a high fraction of saturated fatty acids. There has been increasing attention in donkey’s milk. Donkeys’ milk is preferential as a potential new dietetic food and a good alternative for infant nutrition in the case of bovine milk protein allergy. The microbiota present in this food may be responsible for its beneficial effects. Considering the potential health benefits, an increase in utilization of donkeys’ milk is expected. The present review addresses various aspects of donkey milk with special emphasis on milk yield, composition, shelf life, antimicrobial, therapeutic and cosmetic properties.
A comparative study of serology and PCR for the diagnosis of brucellosis in goats
Authors: TRANGADIA B J , PRASAD M C , RAMANI U V , PANDYA G M , KURKURE N V
Published: November 2022

Brucellosis is an economically important infectious disease of livestock causing abortions, infertility, delayed oestrus, interrupted lactation, increased condemnation and loss of milk production besides its zoonotic nature. The present study was conducted to compare serological assays and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of caprine brucellosis. A total of 301 whole blood samples to extract DNA for PCR and serology were collected from goats maintained at various organized herds, panjarapoles, slaughter house, local meat markets, etc. in South Gujarat region of India. Out of 301 serum samples tested, 7 samples (2.33%) were positive by all the three serological tests, viz. rose bengal plate test (RBPT), indirect ELISA (iELISA) and immunochromatographic assay (ICA). Among 301 DNA samples, genus specific PCR detected DNA of Brucella spp. in 11 samples by targeting BCSP 31 and IS-711 genes to get 223 bp and 350 bp PCR products on agarose gel electrophoresis. None of the seven serologically positive samples showed Brucella genus-specific DNA amplification by PCR and similarly all PCR positive samples were negative on serology.
Association of peripartum progesterone, estradiol, cortisol, PGFM and relaxin concentrations with retention of fetal membranes in crossbred dairy cows
Authors: PATHAK R , PRASAD SHIV , KUMARESAN A , PATBANDHA T K , KUMARI S , BORO P , SREELA L , MANIMARAN A
Published: November 2022

Retention of fetal membranes (RFM) in bovines not only lowers fertility and productivity but also leads to significant economic loss to the dairy farms. The present study compared peripartum progesterone, estradiol, cortisol, Prostaglandin F2 metabolite (PGFM) and relaxin concentrations in crossbred cows with normal parturition (NP) and with RFM. Blood samples were collected from 33 dairy cows at weekly interval from 30 days prepartum till 7th day before calving, followed by every alternate days till calving and 1st and 2nd day postpartum. Significantly higher plasma cortisol concentrations was observed between day 3 prepartum and day 2 postpartum in RFM cows (n=6) compared to NP cows (n=6). Plasma estradiol level was significantly lower in RFM group than in NP group on the day of calving while progesterone concentrations did not differ between the groups. In RFM cows, PGFM level was significantly lower on day 1 and day 2 postpartum compared to NP cows. On the day of calving and on day 1 postpartum, relaxin concentration was significantly (P<0.05) higher in NP cows compared to RFM cows. The ROC analysis, commonly used for development of diagnostic threshold value, revealed that cows with cortisol concentration above 7.35 ng/ml and PGFM concentration below 1,072 pg/ml on day-1 were associated with 5.99 times higher risk of RFM. It may be inferred that peripartum plasma cortisol and PGFM concentrations may be useful for identification of crossbred cows at the risk of developing RFM.
Pharmacological levels of copper and selenium augmenting good cholesterol in serum of healthy male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves
Authors: MUDGAL VISHAL , GARG ANIL KUMAR , DASS RAM SHARAN
Published: November 2022

Dietary pharmacological/supra-nutritional level of copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) was investigated in the ration of dairy buffalo calves. Male Murrah buffalo (20) calves (8–9 months, 112.1±7.69 kg body weight) were divided into 4 equal groups and fed basal diet (control, Cu =10.4 ppm and Se = 0.23 ppm) or basal diet supplemented with 10 ppm Cu (T1), 0.3 ppm Se (T2) or combination of 10 ppm Cu with 0.3 ppm Se (T3) for a period of 120 days. During experimental period blood samples were collected on days 0, 40, 80, and 120 and subjected for analysis of serum total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) for assessment of the pharmacological effect of trace minerals Cu and Se either alone or in combination. Supplementation of Cu alone (T1) or in combination with Se (T3) had reduced total cholesterol level from 80th day onward, whereas HDL remained high in all the supplemented groups at 120th day of observation as compared to control. It may be concluded that pharmacological level of Cu is helpful in reducing serum cholesterol levels, but Cu and Se was helpful for the augmentation of HDL levels of serum in buffaloes.
Effect of nitrogen and zinc management on growth, yield and economics of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties
Authors: ARIF MOHD , DASHORA L N , CHOUDHARY J , KADAM S S , MOHSIN MOHAMMED
Published: November 2022

Field experiments were conducted during rabi season of 2016â€“17 and 2017â€“18 at Udaipur (Rajasthan) to study the effect of nitrogen and zinc management on growth, yield and economics of different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. The treatments consisted of four wheat varieties, viz. Raj 4120, Raj 4037, Raj 4079 and Raj 4238 in main plots and seven nutrient management treatments, viz. 100% RDN, 100% RDN + ZnSO4 25 kg/ha soil application, 100% RDN + ZnSO4 0.5% foliar spray, 100% RDN + ZnSO4 25 kg/ha soil application + ZnSO4 0.5% foliar spray, 125% RDN + ZnSO4 25 kg/ha soil application, 125% RDN + ZnSO4 0.5% foliar spray and 125% RDN + ZnSO4 25 kg/ha soil application + ZnSO4 0.5% foliar spray in sub plots. The study of different wheat varieties indicated that highest values of growth parameters, yield attributes, grain yield (5707 kg/ha), straw yield (8869 kg/ha) and biological yield (14576 kg/ha), and net returns (` 86255/ha) and B:C ratio (2.36) were recorded with wheat variety Raj 4037. Further, application of treatment 125% RDN + ZnSO4 25 kg/ha soil application + ZnSO4 0.5% foliar spray recorded significantly higher values of growth parameters, yield attributes, grain yield (5681 kg/ha), straw yield (8265 kg/ha) and biological yield (13946 kg/ha), and net returns (` 83230/ha).
UPAYA INDONESIA DALAM MENGHADAPI KEBIJAKAN RENEWABLE ENERGY DIRECTIVE II YANG DIKELUARKAN UNI EROPA (UE)
Authors: Tarigan Djoesept
Published: November 2022

Permasalahan utama yang dibahas di dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana upaya Indonesia dalammenghadapi kebijakan renewable energy directive II yang dikeluarkan Uni Eropa (UE). Dimana konflikpemerintah Indonesia dengan Uni Eropa (UE) dapat menghasilkan berbagai kebijakan yang salingmenyerang. Hal ini tentu menarik dengan melihat adanya keberanian pemerintah Indonesia untukmelakukan perlawanan terhadap tekanan yang diberikan oleh Uni Eropa (UE).Tujuan dari penelitian iniadalah mengetahui dan menjelaskan bagaimana upaya Indonesia dalam menghadapi kebijakan renewableenergy directive II yang dikeluarkan oleh Uni Eropa (UE).Dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai dandiharapakan dapat menjelaskan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metodepenelitian kualitatif. Dimana Penelitian ini akan menggunakan dua teknik pengumpulan data yaitu studikepustakaan (literature research), baik terstruktur maupun semi terstruktur. Hasil penelitian ini yaituPemerintah Indonesia memberikan kuasa kepada Perutusan Tetap Republik Indonesia (PTRI) untukmenjadi perwakilan pemerintah Indonesia di Jenewa, Swiss yang bertugas untuk mengajukan gugatanterhadap Uni Eropa (UE) di Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia (World Trade Organization/WTO), pada 9Desember 2019. Selanjutnya Upaya pemerintah Indonesia dalam mengatasi kebijakan renewable energydirective II yang dikeluarkan Uni Eropa (UE) berikutnya yaitu dengan melakukan balasan kebijakan.Pemerintah resmi mempercepat larangan ekspor bijih nikel atau nikel ore.
PERAN PERGURUAN TINGGI DALAM PROSES PEMBANGUNAN BIDANG KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL
Authors: Fuady Fuady
Published: November 2022

Perkembangan kemajuan dunia dalam menghadapi berbagai tantangan dan berbagai permasalah berimbas pada kejahterakan rakyat terutama dalam ekonomi, sosial dan budaya dalam menghadapi tantangan globalisasi terutam dalam kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Berbagai masalah sosial bisa saja terjadi seperti kejahatan, konflik antar Ras, kemiskinan, perceraian, pelacuran, delinkwensi (kenakalan) anak-anak, remaja, dan orang tua, penyalahgunaan narkotika, bunuh diri, dan sakit jiwa. Di daerah Aceh tidak hanya karena globalisasi, kemajuan teknologi, konflik dan tsunami telah membawa daerah ini menghadapi berbagai masalah sosial. Masalah kemiskinan masih tetap menjadi beban dalam masyarakat. Menurut data BPS “Persentase penduduk miskin (yang berada di bawah garis kemiskinan) di Aceh pada Maret 2022 sebesar 14,64 persen, menurun ditahun 2021 pada bulan September 16,53 persen. Universitas Iskandarmuda khususnya Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik berkonsentrasi pada pemberdayan masyarakat dan kebijakan sosial memegang peranan utama dalam mengembangkan sumber daya manusia, mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan, serta kebijakan pembangunan sosial melalui aktifitas penelitian, dan mengembangkan pemberdayaan masyarakat deangan pengabdian pada masyarakat menuju masyarakat yang sejahtera, mandiri, dan bermartabat.  Peran  prodi sosiatri  deangan menghasilakan  penelitian dan kerjasama dalam implementasi penanganan masalah sosial kemasyarakatan serta kemiskinan telah memberi hasil positif. Alumni Sosiatri telah bekerja di berbagai instansi Pemerintah dan swasta seperti di Perguruan Tinggi, Dinas Sosial, Kantor Pemerintahan Kabupaten/kota, dan Kantor Keluarga Berencana Nasional (BKKBN), anggota TNI/Polri serta di berbagai lembaga negeri dan swasta lainnya. Beberapa di antara alumni Sosiatri ada yang menduduki jabatan politis seperti Bupati, anggota DPRD, pejabat eselon II dan III beberapa daerah di indonesia.
A Keselyűhívás halotti szertartásának szövegei Mongóliából
Authors: Majer Zsuzsa
Published: November 2022

Jelen cikk a mongol buddhizmus gyakorlatában használt tibeti nyelvű halotti szövegek kutatásához kapcsolódik. A különböző halotti szertartási szövegek közt találjuk az egyes temetkezési módokhoz kapcsolódókat is. A holttest „kihelyezése” vagy egyes esetekben „elhagyása” Mongóliában hagyományos temetési mód volt. Utazók leírásaiban is gyakran találunk említést róla, sőt fényképeket és illusztrációkat is. Ezeket a kitevéses temetéseket is a megfelelő buddhista temetési rituálé kíséretében végzik. Egy ezekhez kapcsolódó halotti szertartási szöveg a Keselyűhívás (Tasiin duudlaga, T. bya ’bod). Két ilyen, mongol terepmunkáim során gyűjtött szöveget elemzek, melyek A Keselyűhívás étekfelajánlása (T. bya ’bod tshogs kyi ’khor lo bzhugs so), illetve A Keselyűhívás mélységes szóbeli átadása, mely Macsig labdön csö gyakorlatához tartozó kiegészítő gyakorlat (T. (ma gcig gi gcod kyi cha lag) bya ’bod snyan rgyud zab mo). A Keselyűhívás szövegek célja az elhunyt tudatosságának továbbvezetése egy buddhaföldre vagy tiszta földre, mely ez esetben a ḍākinīk öt családjának, csoportjának vagy aspektusának a földje. A ḍākinīk ezen öt csoportját hívja meg a szertartás végzője, akik az öt égtáj irányából jelennek meg különböző, a megfelelő ḍākinī-csoport színével egyező színű keselyűk formájában. Az elhunyt holtteste pedig mint tantrikus étekfelajánlás kerül felajánlásra számukra. A cikkben nemcsak bemutatom ezt a két szöveget, de mai használatukról is leírást adok a 2016-os és 2017-es terepmunkák során mongol lámákkal erről a szertartásról készített interjúkból. Remélhetőleg a cikk így értékes anyagot tesz közzé erről a Mongóliában ma is gyakorolt speciális temetési módról és sajátos szertartásszövegéről.
Penyuluhan Diet DASH Bagi Penderita Hypertensi Di Kelurahan Sukamentri Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Anggorodiputro Raden Roro Ratuningrum
Published: November 2022

Penyakit tidak menular merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang menjadi perhatian nasional maupun global pada saat ini. Penyakit tidak menular dapat bersifat akut dapat juga bersifat kronis. Salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang mengakibatkan kematian adalah Hypertensi Latar belakang adanya penyuluhan Diet DASH yaitu banyaknya masyarakat yang tidak mengontrol makanan sehingga Tekanan darah masih tinggi serta kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat terkait Diet DASH. Tujuan Kegiatan yaitu memberikan edukasi kepada penderita hypertensi terkait Diet DASH untuk mengontrol pola makan bagi penderita sehingga diharapkan tekanan darah menjadi normal. Metode yang dilakukan adalah melakukan penyuluhan kepada penderita hypertensi dengan metode ceramah dan diskusi menggunakan poster Diet DASH dan Tips Mengontrol Hypertensi. Poster yang dibuat berisikan informasi terkait pengertian diet DASH, Aturan pola makan diet DASH serta tips mengontrol hypertensi. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu terdapat 87 orang penderita hypertensi di lingkungan RW 17 Kel. Sukamenteri Kec. Garut Kota Kab. garut yang sudah dilakukan pengayaan dan edukasi pentingnya mengontrol tekanan darah. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dalam upaya menurunkan tingkat kematiian akibat komplikasi hypertensi. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu: meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai diet DASH bagi penderita hypertensi; dan meningkatkan kesadaran serta pemahaman masyarakat mengenai pentingnya mengontrol tekanan darah sebagai upaya menurunkan tingkat kematiian akibat komplikasi Hypertensi
Sosialisasi Tentang Pencegahan Stunting Kepada Calon Pengantin Di Kecamatan Kramat Watu, Kabupaten Serang
Authors: Ismayanty Devie , Lufar Nay , Mulyati Sri
Published: November 2022

Sasaran sosialisasi adalah calon pengantin yang terdaftar di kantor urusan agama (KUA) Kecamatan Kramatwatu. Tujuan sosialisasi adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap calon pengantin tentang stunting di KUA Kecamatan Kramatwatu. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Mitra adalah (1) Belum adanya sosialisasi / penyuluhan tentang gizi buruk dan stunting yang difasilitasi oleh KUA Kecamatan Kramatwatu  (2) Kurangnya pengetahuan dan informasi yang dimiliki oleh orangtua tentang pemenuhan suplementasi zat besi dan asam folat selama kehamilan, ketahanan pangan, praktik pemberian makanan, keamanan makanan, air dan sanitasi, pengelolaan serta penyimpanan makanan. Target dan luaran yang dihasilkan dari program Pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah Penyuluhan menggunakan leaflet mengenai stunting, dan Jenis Luaran  dari pengabdian masyarakt ini adalah (1) Publikasi artikel pada web Poltekkes Aisyiyah Banten (2) Dokumentasi kegiatan berupa foto kegiatan (3) Peningkatan pengetahuan untuk sasaran mitra. Rencana Kegiatan yang akan dilakukan adalah (1) Berkoordinasi dengan  KUA Kecamatan Kramatwatu untuk meminta ijin kegiatan PKM, (2) Melakukan Penyuluhan menggunakan media leaflet, (3) Melakukan pre tes dan post tes materi untuk mengukur pengetahuan calon pengantin tentang stunting. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat menunjukan bahwa pasangan calon pengantin sangat aktif terhadap materi yang diberikan dan setelah dilakukan pre dan post test diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan pada calon pengantin berkaitan dengan stunting.
Pemanfaatan Media Poster dalam Penyuluhan Praktik Cuci Tangan dalam Menghadapi Masa Covid 19 di Desa Pegadingan Kramatwatu
Authors: Apriyanti Ika , Adista Nuria Fitri , Mulyati Sri
Published: November 2022

Tujuan program ini adalah untuk memberikan penyuluhan dan kebiasaan sehari hari agar menerapkan pola perilaku hidup bersih dalam hal ini adalah cuci tangan pakai sabun. Metode Pengabdian kepada masyarakat PKM adalah Penyuluhan menggunakan poster mengenai cara cuci tangan pakai sabun dengan benar, Sasaran program PKM ini adalah kelompok masyarakat yaitu ibu yang memiliki anak SD usia 6-12 tahun di Desa Pegadingan. Hasil pengabidan kepada masyarakat menunjukkan bahwa dari 30 responden yang diberikan penyuluhan menggunakan Poster ada perbedaan hasil penilaian yaitu diperoleh Responden dengan ketrampilan praktik kurang ada sebanyak 63,7% dan yang baik ada 36,3 %. Hasil pasca penyuluhan menunjukan hasil yang berbeda yaitu responden dengan keterampilan praktik kurang menurun ada sebanyak 30% dan responden yang memiliki pengetahuan yang baik meningkat menjadi 70,0 %. Program ini diharapkan dapat diterapkan dan dapat dijadikan acuan kesehatan khususnya bagi warga Desa Pegadingan dalam menghadapi masa covid-19 ini untuk memperbaiki praktik mencuci tangan dan manfaat dari praktik mencuci tangan agar menjadi kebiasaan dalam menciptakan prilaku hidup bersih dan sehat.
Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens Due To May Thurner Syndrome
Authors: Shah Monarch , Vayzband Vlad , Nabi Michelle , Chandna Sanya
Published: November 2022

May-Thurner syndrome is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Patients present with a clinical picture suggestive of DVT, and the true diagnosis is not confirmed until CT venography. We present a case of a 71-year-old woman, with risk factors of hypercoagulability, such as an anatomical variant and a 50-pack-year history, who presented with sudden onset swelling and redness of her left leg. Further investigation led to a diagnosis of May-Thurner syndrome. Our case discusses this extrinsic cause of venous stasis and how early diagnosis, and treatment can prevent the progression into Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens.
Balancing embodied and operational carbon in building envelope design
Authors: Wild Will
Published: November 2022

The material and products used within building facades contribute directly to the embodied carbon of a project. Furthermore, the facade system plays a key role in the regulation of the building’s energy use and associated operational carbon. As a result, today’s facade engineers must balance both the embodied and operational carbon of their design decisions in the pursuit of minimising whole-life carbon. To this end, this article introduces the idea of a ‘carbon payback period’ (CPP) as a metric for assessing the net carbon emissions of design decisions whose scope spans both the embodied and operational carbon. An approach for calculating the CPP is presented, and the need to account for the building performance gap and decarbonisation is highlighted. The article also introduces the concept of the ‘time value of carbon’ with a short discussion on how this may be accounted for within the assessment of the CPP. Note that the CPP should not be used blindly and should inform design decision-making as part of a holistic approach. Engineers should be aware that benefits of climate resilience measures are not quantified in the CPP.
Concrete-encased steel frames, 1900–70: considerations in their assessment and refurbishment
Authors: Bill Nicholas
Published: November 2022

In Britain, little attention has been paid to the influence of the concrete encasement on the performance of historic steel-framed buildings, nor how their details may influence their refurbishment. This paper aims to provide some guidance on their unusual characteristics, which require careful consideration when assessing and modifying these structures.
Designing an 'icon': redevelopment of Ireland's Curragh Racecourse
Authors: Orr Michael , Leach Jon , Sheehy Eugene
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the story behind the concept, detailed design and delivery of the Curragh Racecourse redevelopment, in Co. Kildare, Republic of Ireland. The structural engineering challenges revolved around the dramatic long-span cantilevered roof and its interface with the exposed precast concrete structure below, and the high attention to detail required to achieve the necessary visual and architectural quality for this world-renowned racing venue. Designed with Grimshaw architects, the new facility was opened in 2019, a little under four years after the design competition was awarded.
A Full Scan Data Review Tool to Match the Speed of Acoustic Ejection Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Jun , Shou Wilson , Weller Harold , Liu Chang , Veiga Cristiano , Covey Tom
Published: November 2022

Acoustic ejection mass spectrometry (AEMS) has recently emerged as the premier ultrahigh-throughput mass spectrometric methodology for drug discovery and related fields. The ultrahigh analytical speed (~1 s/sample) of AEMS has significantly enhanced the efficiency of many high throughput applications. As a result, a data processing and reviewing tool with a matching speed is in high demand for the large amount of data generated, especially for applications such as quality control (QC) of compound collections and high throughput chemistry, where full-scan MS data required convoluted subsequent peak extraction and evaluation. In this study, we demonstrated the feasibility of a tool developed specifically for this purpose. The process using the tool involved automated splitting of the full scan data to correlate well positions with each signal peak, extraction of expected mass traces, and subsequent peak integration. Data evaluation based on verification rules, such as detected mass accuracy, isotopic pattern, and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), enabled a comprehensive assessment of sample quality that was complemented by visualization in the form of a plate heat map generated from the selected rules. The tool demonstrated fast and straightforward data review and reporting and, more importantly, at a matching speed of sample analysis by acoustic ejection mass spectrometry. The choice of data processing and storage over the cloud further facilitated results sharing among data users.
The Pharmaceutical Industry and the Separation Scientist: Perspectives, Trends, and Career Opportunities
Authors: Dong Michael W.
Published: November 2022

This article provides an overview of the pharmaceutical industry for the separation scientist, including its historical, societal, and economic impacts, marketing landscape, therapeutics trends, and career opportunities in analytical chemistry.
2022 Review of Spectroscopic Instrumentation
Authors: Miseo Ellen , Bradley Michael S.
Published: November 2022

We present our annual review of products introduced at Pittcon or during the previous year, broken down by the following categories: atomic spectroscopy, ultraviolet and visible (UV-vis), near-infrared (NIR), infrared (mid-IR), Raman, imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS), accessories, and components.
A Survey of Basic Instrument Components Used in Spectroscopy, Part 2: Optical Materials and Designs
Authors: Workman Jerome
Published: November 2022

In this second part of this four-part series on spectroscopy instrument components, we look into optical components or subassemblies used for vibrational spectroscopy instruments. Our “under the hood” look continues as we survey the most typical instrument optical design component materials. As we continue publishing this survey series, we note that several tutorial articles and The Spectroscopy Instrument Components Terminology Guide, the latter of which was published digitally in February 2022, are available to our readers.
EFFECT OF CERTAIN INSECTICIDES ON SURVIVAL OF TOBACCO CUTWORM, Spodoptera litura Fabricus (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: MAHAJAN KAPILA , JASKARAN . , SINGH AMANDEEP , THAKUR ABHINAY , SINGH RANDEEP
Published: November 2022

The bio-efficacy of four insecticides viz. indoxacarb 14.5SL, fenvalerate 20EC, quinalphos 25EC and imidacloprid 17.8SL was tested against Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by artificial diet, leaf dip and topical treatment methods. Third instar larvae of F1 generation of field population artificially reared in laboratory were deployed in bio-assays. The mortality data was recorded at 24, 48 and 72 hours after exposure of these larvae at three different concentrations viz. 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%. The susceptibility data obtained during the investigation indicated that the 3rd instar larvae were highly susceptible to Indoxacarb causing 100% mortality even at lowest concentration. The quinalphos and fenvalerate were similar in toxicity leading to 50% mortality at higher concentration. The order of toxicity was indoxacarb> quinalphos> fenvalerate> imidacloprid. Indoxacarb is an oxadiazine insecticide that works as a sodium channel blocker and reported to have a good field activity against a number of lepidopteran pests.
CONSTRAINTS FACED AND SUGGESTION OFFERED THEREIN BY BENEFICIARY FARMERS OF PRADHAN MANTRI FASAL BIMA YOJANA IN BHARUCH DISTRICT OF SOUTH GUJARAT
Authors:   Navsari Agricultural University, Tankiwala A. K. , Nethravati G. ,   Navsari Agricultural University, Bhati Khushboo ,   Navsari Agricultural University
Published: November 2022

Agriculture being highly prone to various kinds of risks and uncertainties. In era of climate change there is a necessity to protect the farmers from natural calamities. By crop insurance scheme like Pradhan Mantri FasalBima Yojana farmer can stabilize farm income and initiate production activity after a bad agricultural year. The present study conducted in Jambusar taluka of Bharuch district of Gujarat. Eleven villages were selected based on the highest number of beneficiaries. 62 beneficiaries were selected from selected villages by proportionate random sampling method and same number of 62 non beneficiaries was selected from same village and which have equal land size to cultivated irrigated cotton crop. Thus, total 124 respondents selected for present investigation. Response of beneficiaries was taken by personal interview schedule. The purpose of this study is found out the perception of both type of respondents, constraints faced by beneficiaries in availing PMFBY and their suggestions to overcome these constraints. The study indicate that majority of respondents felt in moderate level of perception. The major constraints in availing scheme were delay in payment of insurance claims. The important suggestions endorsed by beneficiaries were compensation provided for partial damaged.
KNOWLEDGE OF FARMERS, CONSTRAINTS FACED AND SUGGESTIONS OFFERED ON INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF PINK BOLLWORM IN COTTON: A CASE OF SAURASHTRA REGION, GUJARAT
Authors:   Junagadh Agricultural University, Baraiya K. P. , Gadhiya V. C. ,   Junagadh Agricultural University, Baraiya A. K. ,   Junagadh Agricultural University, Lakhani S. H. ,   Junagadh Agricultural University
Published: November 2022

The present study was conducted on 200 cotton growers of Jamnagar and Devbhumi Dwarka districts to evaluate for knowledge of farmers about integrated management of pink bollworm in cotton. The respondents were middle age group (57%), educate higher secondary level, big farmers having nuclear family, main occupation was agriculture and animal husbandry. Krishi Vigyan Kendra or University level information for organic farming, printed literature and demonstration with 85.25, 37.08 and 22.71 weightage mean, respectively. They received guideline from Krishi Vigyan Kendra (53.33%) followed by Agricultural University (43.33%) and seed/pesticide dealer (30.83%). The knowledge about integrated management of pink boll worm were Grazing sheep & goat after harvest the crop (72.25%), Cotton stalk should be burned after picking (68%), Spraying of Beauveria bassiana (65.5%) and spinosad (62%), use of light trap (61%) and collection of infested flowers/ bolls and destroyed it (59.5%). Very rare farmers have knowledge on life cycle of pink bollworm (8.5%) and deep ploughing for management (6%). High cost of pesticide (96%), fragmented holding (90.5%) and heavy attack of pink bollworm (86.5%) are major constraints faced by the cotton growers. Genetic resistant variety (82%), Install pheromone & light trap near ginneries, market yard for mass trapping are the major suggestions for overcome the pink boll worm problem.
ROLE, FUNCTIONING AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF WOMEN PANCHAYAT MEMBERS IN PANCHAYATI RAJ INSTITUTION
Authors:   Junagadh Agricultural University, Asnani Bhawana , Kumari Mamta ,   Junagadh Agricultural University
Published: November 2022

The national perspective Plan for women had argued that political power and access to decision making authority are critical requisition for women's equality in the process of nation building. Women participation in both Gram Sabha and Ward Sabha had not been effective. They participated less in number and most of the time remained passive. Considering their educational background and political experience most of the women members needed training regarding objectives of Panchayati Raj System, skills of planning, information on Governmental programmes and articulation skills which may help to increase their efficiency in panchayat administration. The study was done to study the knowledge of women panchayat members about the functions of Panchayati Raj Institution (PRI) and to study the achievements made by the women members for the development of their village. This study was conducted in Udaipur district of Rajasthan state, on a sample of 30 panchayat members from 13 different villages through personal interview technique using the schedule. Results shows that majority of the respondents (90.00 %) were newcomers and the reason behind joining panchayat was family/ relatives and husband's pressure. 56.66 percent respondents consulted or consult male panchayat as well as family members. Only 40 per cent of the women were not satisfied with their participation in the panchayat. Cent per cent respondents had a clear concept of ward-sabha and knew the procedure of electing panchayat members. About 2/3rd have knowledge regarding the various functions of panchayat. Now women are coming forward and showing enthusiasm and interest to do something for development of their area. They are doing construction works and establishing community assets.
The Global Health 50/50 Report 2018
Authors:   Global Health 50/50
Published: November 2022

The Global Health 50/50 Report, the first of its kind, provides a comprehensive review of the gender-related policies of more than 140 major organisations working in and/or influencing the field of global health. The initiative is focused at the intersection of several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including on health (3), gender equality (5), inequalities (10) and inclusive societies and institutions (16). Gender equality has seemingly been embraced as a priority in global health. The report is inspired, however, by a growing concern that too few global health organisations walk the talk by defining, programming, resourcing or monitoring gender, either as a determinant of health, or as a driver of career equality in their own workplaces. The Global Health 50/50 Report provides a benchmark across the sector to catalyse shifts in organisational and management culture and practice, the adoption of gender-responsive policies, and ensuring adequate resources for programmes focusing on the gendered dynamics of global health. It seeks to provide evidence of where the gaps lie, while shining a light on ways forward.
STATIC INVESTIGATION OF A FUNCTIONALLY GRADED CARBON NANOTUBES REINFORCED COMPOSITE CYLINDRICAL SHELL, DOUBLE-ENDED CLAMPED SUBJECTED TO EXTERNAL PRESSURE LOADS
Authors:   Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi, Vietnam, Duong Van Quang
Published: November 2022

In this article, static analysis of clamped-clamped (C-C) functionally graded carbon nanotubes reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) cylindrical shell subjected to external pressure was conducted. The governing equations were established by using higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT) taking transverse normal stress effect into account. In this theory, the transverse displacement w is not a constant but rather is the second order polynomial of the coordinate along the thickness direction. Distribution of carbon nanotubes (CNT) across the shell thickness is assumed to be uniform (UD) or functionally graded in four types: FG-Ʌ, FG-V, FG-O, and FG-X. Effective material properties of FG-CNTRC cylindrical shells were estimated by the rule of mixture. An analytical solution using the simple trigonometric series and the Laplace transformation to solve governing equations of shell with clamped boundary condition at the both ends is presented. The validation of the applied approach was examined by comparing the results based on 3D exact model. The effects of the CNT distribution, the CNT volume fraction, and the geometrical parameters on the static behaviour of cylindrical shells subjected to external pressure were investigated. The result is remarkable that the stress components near the outer or inner surface vary most strongly, and in the case of a short or/and thick shell, the geometric parameter greatly affects the stress of shell.
PENGARUH HUTANG, KEPEMILIKAN SAHAM, DEWAN KOMISARIS DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL
Authors: Rosdwiana Putri Dewi  , Dirvi Surya Abbas  , Imam Hidayat  , Dewi Rachmania
Published: November 2022

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence of the influence of debt, share ownership, board of commissioners and profitability on disclosure of food and beverage company social responsibility on the IDX in 2015-2021. This study uses financial report data from food and beverage companies during the 2015-2021 period. As well as obtaining answers to the gaps in several previous research results.

The analytical tool used to test the effect between variables in this study is a simultaneous test (f test) and partial test (t test) regarding each variable X on variable Y with a confidence level of 95%. Then from the partial test results using the t test. t test is known that debt, foreign share ownership, the board of commissioners and profitability have a significant effect on social responsibility. The entire analysis uses the e-views program. The results of this study are expected to provide an overview and understanding of corporate social responsibility disclosure.
A Multiphysics Coupled Model of Constructing Horizontal Salt Cavern Considering Heat Transfer
Authors: Wang Jinchao , Wang Zhiming , Zeng Quanshu , Wang Jun
Published: November 2022

The horizontal salt cavern is the ideal place for energy storage built in bedded salt formations. The construction of the multi-step horizontal salt cavern is a complicated process of fluid dynamics and chemical dynamics, including salt boundary dissolution, cavern development, brine flow, heat transfer, and species transport. Considering the influence of the heat transfer, the multiple governing equations are coupled to simulate the construction process of the 3D horizontal salt cavern. The influence of heat transfer on fluid flow, brine concentration, and cavity expansion is analyzed. According to the results, heat transfer accelerates the transport and diffusion of the brine, which can increase the dissolution rate of salt rock. The direction of the forced thermal convection is perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow and the brine concentration gradient in the cavity. The results also show that the formed cavity previously will continue to expand in the next leaching stage, but the height of expansion decreases gradually. This work helps predict the multi-step horizontal salt cavern development and concentration distribution under reasonable accuracy, which may guide to the scheme design and engineering practice of the multi-step horizontal salt cavern construction for underground gas storage.
L’art total en Norvège : l’exemple de la villa Devold (1905-1907)
Authors: Zeitler Laura
Published: November 2022

La villa Devold (1905-1907), intégralement conçue par l’architecte Hagbarth Schytte-Berg, permet d’appréhender l’application du concept d’art total en Norvège au tournant du XXe siècle. Les choix effectués dans les domaines de l’architecture, de l’aménagement intérieur et de l’ornementation répondent aux exigences associées à la commande et son contexte de réalisation, tout en assurant leur cohérence. Ils s’inscrivent ainsi dans un mode de vie bourgeois traditionnel tout en intégrant les idéaux et les esthétiques associés à l’Art nouveau. Leur harmonisation repose sur le principe de simplicité et de sobriété, et sur deux thèmes décoratifs principaux : la nature et le patrimoine viking/médiéval norvégien. L’architecte apporte néanmoins une touche d’originalité grâce à une interprétation personnelle des ornements et des matériaux nationaux.
Resenha do livro Ficciones de verdad:
Authors: Gomes Adriana de Borges
Published: November 2022

Ficciones de verdad: archivo y narrativas de vida, de Patricia López-Gay - professora do Bard College de Nova York - é o resultado de um extenso estudo da investigadora sobre a reflexão de vidas re-organizadas, sistematizadas e autoficcionalizadas em forma de arquivo, apresentado em algumas modalidades artísticas e processos criativos como nas artes visuais diversas e também, principalmente, na literatura. Verifica-se a discussão sobre a contradição basilar que a autora propõe, já no título da obra - 'ficção e verdade' -, situando o leitor, a leitora para uma escritura que abordará a questão sobre vidas de verdade que são continuadas pelo viés ficcional, através do procedimento de  recorte de arquivo.
NFV-COIN: Unleashing The Power of In-Network Computing with Virtualization Technologies
Authors: Venâncio Giovanni , Turchetti Rogério C. , Duarte Jr. Elias Procópio
Published: November 2022

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) allows the implementation in software of middleboxes traditionally available as specialized hardware. Network services can be implemented as SFCs (Service Function Chains) based onvirtualization technologies that run on commodity hardware. Although most virtualized functions have classic middlebox functionalities (e.g. firewalls or intrusion detectors) NFV technology can be used to leverage the networkto provide novel types of services to end-users. Actually, NFV can be very convenient to deploy traditional enduser services in the network, in the paradigm that has been called Computing In the Network (COIN). This articlediscusses the requirements to deploy COIN services using NFV technologies, which we call NFV-COIN. We alsopresent case studies and an NFV-COIN architecture that is compliant with the NFV-MANO reference model.
Dynamic perspective of leader-member exchange and empowerment-enhancing practices in organizational change
Authors: Rutishauser Lea , Giessner Steffen R.
Published: November 2022

Research demonstrates that leadership influences employees’ reaction to organizational change. Recognizing the dynamic nature of change, we investigate the effect of leadership as a relational job aspect before change and over time during change. As leadership in change situations does not happen isolated but is embedded in an organizational context, we examine in addition an organizational job aspect: empowerment-enhancing practices. Mediation analysis of a two-wave study before and after an organizational relocation (NT1=276; NT2=104) reveals unique effects of the indirect relationships: Pre-change relational job aspects increase turnover intention in organizational change, mediated by job satisfaction; and pre-change organizational job aspects reduce turnover intention in organizational change. Furthermore, adjustment in job aspects during change reduce the adjustments of outcomes during organizational change. Practical implications are discussed.
The Effect of Painless Delivery with Intrathecal Sufentanil on Labor Progress and Neonatal Outcomes: A Single Center Study on Pregnant Women
Authors: Shafeinia Amineh , Rahimi Maryam , Nikoubakht Nasim , Ghaed Mohammad Ali
Published: November 2022

Background: Delivery pain is the most unbearable pain and can be relieved with intrathecal opioids. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intrathecal sufentanil for painless delivery on labor progress and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women. Methods: This was a single-arm observational cohort study on 1055 pregnant women candidates for vaginal delivery with spinal analgesia referred to the Akbarabadi Hospital. First, 0.1 µg/kg of intrathecal sufentanil was used, and maternal blood pressure and maternal and fetal heart rates were recorded after analgesia. During delivery, the mothers were monitored for nausea, pruritus, motor block, apnea, urinary retention, or the possibility of an emergency cesarean section. The duration of the analgesia, the duration of the second stages of labor, and the mother's pain scores were recorded based on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores and arterial blood gas (ABG) of the umbilical cord were also recorded. Results: The most common station was -3 for 723 women, followed by -2 for 229 women. Fifty-two women underwent cesarean section, and fetal distress was the most common reason for cesarean section (57.7%). The mean time for initiating analgesia was 5.93 ± 2.87 minutes, and the mean visual analog scale was 1.08 ± 0.16. The mean Apgar was 9.0 ± 0.47; the mean weight at birth was 2917.39 ± 449.90 gr; PH was 7.31 ± 2.03; HCO3 was 22.67 ± 3.08mEq/liter, and PaCo2 was 43.36 ± 7.06 mmHg. Regarding complications, the patients just developed itching (n = 78), and hypotension, bradycardia, apnea, and decreased consciousness were overlooked. Conclusions: Intrathecal sufentanil is safe and efficient in painless delivery, resulting in normal Apgar and normal PH with no specific side-effect.