bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of therapy targets in recurrent depressive disorders
Authors: Maruta Natalia , Panko Tamara , Semikina Olena
Published: August 2022

According to the WHO, more than 350 million people suffer from depres- sive disorders. The etiology and pathogen- esis of depressive episodes and recurrent depressive disorders have not yet been definitively established. The formation of depressive disorders is due to a com- bination of such factors as biological (constitutional and genetic), psychological and social. Taking into account the level of prevalence of depressive disorders, the assessment of their clinical and psy- chopathological features and approaches to their therapy continues. In order to de- termine the targets of thera py for recur- rent depressive disorders, an examination of patients with recurrent depressive dis- orders was conducted. In the conditions of the Department of borderline psychiatry of the "Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology of the NAMS of Ukraine" SI: 175 patients with recurrent depression were examined, among them 74.85 % were women and 25.15 % were men. The ave- rage age of the examinees was 46.79 years (women — 52.25, men — 41.32). Based on the assessment of clinical and psychological manifestations of recurrent depressive disorders and psychopatho- logical aspects, the targets of therapeutic influence are established: the severity of a depressive episode (mild, moderate, severe), the specificity of psychotraumatic experiences, parameters of anti-vitality and vitality, structural features of adaptation potential.
An Intersectional Analysis of Victimization of the Homeless, Mental Health, Guardianship and Housing Status
Authors:   , Barker Kelly
Published: August 2022

The present study examines victimization across a localized homeless population. It is widely agreed upon across the extant literature that those experiencing homelessness are victimized at disproportionately higher rates in comparison to the general population. Utilizing routine activities and lifestyles theories, this paper examined how varying degrees of housing and mental health issues affect the likelihood of victimization for those experiencing homelessness. It was hypothesized that lower levels of housing and higher degrees of mental health issues exacerbate the high rates of victimization across the homeless population. Utilizing a routine activities perspective, this study conceptualized housing as a measure of guardianship. This study utilized a secondary data analysis design. Secondary data was accessed from the Winnipeg At Home/Chez Soi project. Using negative binominal regression, it was found that there is a relationship between mental health, guardianship, and victimization. Analyses provided partial support for the hypotheses that greater mental health challenges contribute to a higher propensity of victimization. Although the results illustrated that greater levels of stable housing did have a mitigating effect on victimization at the 12-month time period serious mental health issues were found to be a considerably stronger predictor of victimization than guardianship through housing. The findings suggest that proximity to high crime areas, certain lifestyle factors and individual activities may still account for much of high victimization rates for the homeless, despite an increase in provision of housing. Future qualitative inquiry is recommended to better understand the processes that impact victimization for the homeless with mental health issues.
Virtually unseen
Authors: Matthews Linda
Published: August 2022

With the advent of distributed digital networks, spatial representation has transformed from what was once a singular and idealised view of inhabited space to multiple uncurated spatial fragments, now captured by a vast range of portable devices such as webcams and mobile phones. The designer of the future ‘envisioned’ urban and interior space will need to respond to complex, multi-scaled environments through the application of both quantitative and qualitative modes of visualisation and engagement.
This visual essay describes the interiors of three separate reclaimed public heritage precincts of varying structural scale, materiality and program. Despite their geographical and historical specificity, sites such as Zaha Hadid’s MAXXI Museum in Rome, The Museum of Contemporary Art of Rome, and Carriageworks, exist as part of an increasingly growing global network of reclaimed post-industrial cultural developments that have been reconceived at new programmatic scales to respond to the emerging and ever-changing demands of social occupation. Produced with the aid of ImageJ technology, a software typically used in biological and medical imaging procedures, both form and spatial depth in captured interior footage from these three projects are completely transformed into new spatial representations recomposed as variations in colour and brightness. 
In a radical departure from the precise formal delineation of linear perspective, the new ‘atmospheric’ perspective seen in this image series not only unveils unseen traces of former modes and histories of the occupation of these interior spaces, but the reassembly of digital image content proposes a profoundly different type of engagement with new experiential and spatial conditions released by the fluidity of the digital array.
re:bodying the virtual
Authors: Roes Remco , Garlick Alis
Published: August 2022

This visual essay is composed of an associative thread of images that are sourced from several collaborative projects we (A + R) have conducted over the past six years. The context in which these collaborations took place include a symposium, exhibitions, various video works, and the teaching of a semi-virtual interior design studio in Melbourne. A crucial aspect within these situations was a shared spatial and didactical praxis that was located on opposite sides of the planet?—?Belgium and Australia. 
The collaboration was thus largely determined by the gaps between A + R: the geographical separation, the physicality or virtuality of site, and the millisecond delay of the video feed. The virtual screen that speared through each interaction meant that the technologies and processes employed were often undulating attempts to minimise these gaps.
To compose this visual essay, the image archive of each collaborative project was examined through a peripheral lens, in order to create relations that interrogate the spatial and conceptual implications of bridging this physical distance. The anachronistic approach to the images allowed new forms of configurations to arise, emphasising the specific spatial situations over any previous context or anecdotal chronology. 
As a consequence, elaborating on the precise details of each project seems to be somewhat beside the point. In fact, prosaic descriptions detract from what is actually important about these interactions. The textual interspersions throughout the essay are attempts to develop 
a syntax for pointing out what is conceptually relevant. They try to unpack?—?or make more accessible?—?the visual argumentation that the essay is constructed from, without ever claiming or providing unisonal clarity. The words do not function as explanations, but instead as musings that attempt to mark?—?and disclose?—?the various typologies, as well as to narrate the transition between them. They are attempts to describe both the experience of the digital landscape and the terrain itself. 
In these thematic paragraphs, we have attempted to find language that resonates with the configurations of site that come together through the juxtapositions within the visual sequence. The collected imagery has been curated to lay bare the constituting components of this shared experience within digital space. In this way, the essay as a whole can be read as a subjective taxonomy of our digital communication of place as well as a truly digital simultaneous compression of it into one singular entity. 
Ultimately, the resulting transmedial constellation of images, text, places, objects, and projects aims to interrogate the kind of interiorities that are generated when two bodies interact from distant locations through predominantly digital platforms. It describes an exchange between the virtual spaces that we occupy and the physicality of the bodies and objects that remain essential for this virtual occupation.
As an Interior: Reimagining Gerhard Richter’s Atlas
Authors: Deluchi Christina
Published: August 2022

Gerhard Richter’s Atlas is a compilation of images arranged across 783 multi-image panels. Since its initial exhibition in 1972, it has been continuously expanded, amended and reorganised based on the volume of panels shown in each stage of its iteration. The serialisation of Atlas’s photographic register, its orthogonal schedule of panels (or sheets) grouped into blocks, is a by-product of its social, cultural and material conditions. It is built from ‘walls of images’ shaped by the architecture of a given room.[i]
Yet, Atlas is inherently an interior. Whilst Benjamin H. D. Buchloh’s reading of Atlas as a didactic model of display and/or mnemonic device, and Giuliana Bruno’s account of its emotive and/or filmic quality, are ways to navigate the work itself, this paper instead reconstructs its space of representation to critically reflect on the narrative sequences built in space. This paper reimagines Richter’s Atlas as an interior–a room of images where Atlas makes the architecture.
Rather than extending observations on Atlas as a retrospective of Richter’s artistic practice, the paper acts as a retrospective of its room(s). Moving beyond collecting, ordering and exhibiting images, this examination of Atlas detects the bond between surfaces, openings, sheets and subjects. Using ordinary orthographic methods, Atlas is inverted and drawn to trace the production and organisation of its framework for encounter and meaning. This depiction of space offers a way to see how Atlas constructs it. Lastly, the paper argues that this discursive practice, and the systematic form of Atlas itself, can bring about alternative ways of perceiving the work’s chronological, conceptual, and spatial, pathways.
[i] Ed. Friedel, H.  2016. Gerhard Richter: Atlas. Distributed Art Publisher, New York.
Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Ratio Kecukupan Modal, Dana Syirkah Temporer, dan BOPO Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Syariah Di Indonesia
Authors: Hananto Bernad , Amijaya Sutrisna
Published: August 2022

Profitability is an important factor in a business entity, the management of an Islamic bank has an interest in maximizing the use of its resources, in this case how Islamic banks manage their assets in order to obtain adequate profits which in turn increase the value of shareholders.

The research was carried out in order to prove that the size, company size, capital adequacy ratio, temporary syirkah funds and BOPO could affect the profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia in this study proxied by the ROA ratio as a measure of financial performance, both jointly and partially by using the panel data regression method with the Eviews9 application.

The results of this study indicate that simultaneously, or partially Total Assets and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) have a positive effect on profitability and Temporary Syirkah Funds simultaneously have no effect on profitability, but partially the Temporary Syirkah Funds have an effect on profitability, while BOPO simultaneously has an effect on profitability negatively on profitability, while partially BOPO has no effect on profitability.
Strategi Manajemen Bisnis Syariah Dalam Situasi Pandemi Covid 19 Bidang Foodpreneur di Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Sakum  , Khoirunisa Junita
Published: August 2022

Every trial that Allah SWT gives always has wisdom that sometimes humans are unable to prevent, as currently being faced with getting a trial in the form of the Covid-19 virus. The Covid-19 virus is so that humans return to the teachings that have been exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad, especially in their business activities. This study aims to find out the strategies carried out by business actors in the Foodpreneur field in dealing with the Covid-19 Pandemic in Sharia business, the right strategy will lead business actors to survive during the Pandemic. The business sector must be able to adapt to today's world conditions, so there is a need for new strategies in business management. The method used in this research is qualitative with a Taman Snack study on business people in the Foodpreneur sector in Tangerang Regency. The results of the study show that the strategies used by business actors are to innovate products, improve service quality, read and capture digital opportunities, and adjust promotional materials. The strategy carried out by business actors is able to make business actors survive during the pandemic.
International Experience of Involvement of Civil Society Institutions to the process of Prevention of Corruption in Ukraine
Authors: KISIL Zoriana
Published: August 2022

The scientific research states that changes in Ukraine, both in the economy and in politics, actively affect the process of producing new relationships in the formation of modern relations of public administration with public institutions (associations). Further, the study highlights that the steady relationship between public authorities and society is evidence and guarantee of social and legal stability and state development because the current problems in Ukraine cannot be solved without the full assistance of society. Simultaneously, this spreads to the civil society institutions. The paper investigates the civil society institution’s functions in preventing corruption offenses in public authorities. The research offers proposals for solving a range of theoretical and practical assignments that are supposed to prevent the committing corruption offenses by civil servants. Moreover, the research emphasizes that the necessity for careful analysis of current problems of identification of public institutions through the prism of authorized bodies for corruption offenses prevention is motivated by several factors. Dominant is the low level of effectiveness of domestic measures to prevent corruption, as evidenced by the permanent increase in the number of corruption offenses and considerable anti-corruption potential of society, the full implementation of which is impossible without updating existing legislation. The article implements a comprehensive and systematic study of existing international experience in preventing corruption through the functioning of civil society institutions, outlines the main gaps in the modern legal dimension of these institutions’ functioning, and develops ways to overcome these problems by implementing foreign experience. The article highlights that the current state of scientific research, which is dedicated to the study of factors that prevent the effectiveness and success of the professional functioning of civil society institutions, is characterized by considerable invariance and sometimes contains contradictory doctrines. As a result, the study confirms that it is crucial to eliminate existing gaps in administrative and legal dimensions and identify methods and means of implementing functions to create a comprehensive and effective mechanism for implementing best international practices into professional activities of civil society institutions.
Meditation Practice Effects in Subjects with Autistic Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Descamps Gaston , Gaspar Pedro Miguel Pereira
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The objective of this study is to show the benefits of Meditation practice for young people with Autistic Spectrum Disorder. Method: The intervention study lasted for nine months, including two cycles, one of 8 weeks, and one of 4 months. Participants (n = 8; male = 7, female = 1) with average age of 21.5 years old (SD = 4.37). During both cycles, a weekly session of Meditation, which consisted of Mindfulness and Mantras exercises, was conducted in the center’s classroom, where the sample was following an administrative course. The participants were all invited to practice at home the different exercises when waking up and before sleeping for approximately 15 minutes. At the end of both cycles, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with each participant, one of their closest family members, and their staff members from the center. Field notes were written at the end of each session. Results: Five out of the eight participants practiced at home, the practice became part of a habit for them. Those were the most susceptible to show results in stress and anxiety reduction, an increase in focuses, better emotional control, more pro-social behavior at home, and in the classroom. Discussion: We assume that family interest in the practice had an impact on the adherence of the participant to the program and consequence in better results. The participants who adopted our program as part of their daily life routine have shown results in a reduction of stress and anxiety and a better focus, prosocial improvements in the class environment, and better communication at home with family members.
A 2D Model for Coronal Bright Points: Association with Spicules, UV Bursts, Surges, and EUV Coronal Jets
Authors: Nóbrega-Siverio D. , Moreno-Insertis F.
Published: August 2022

Coronal bright points (CBPs) are ubiquitous structures in the solar atmosphere composed of hot small-scale loops observed in extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) or X-rays in the quiet Sun and coronal holes. They are key elements to understanding the heating of the corona; nonetheless, basic questions regarding their heating mechanisms, the chromosphere underneath, or the effects of flux emergence in these structures remain open. We have used the Bifrost code to carry out a 2D experiment in which a coronal-hole magnetic null-point configuration evolves perturbed by realistic granulation. To compare with observations, synthetic SDO/AIA, Solar Orbiter EUI-HRI, and IRIS images have been computed. The experiment shows the self-consistent creation of a CBP through the action of stochastic granular motions alone, mediated by magnetic reconnection in the corona. The reconnection is intermittent and oscillatory, and it leads to coronal and transition-region temperature loops that are identifiable in our EUV/UV observables. During the CBP lifetime, convergence and cancellation at the surface of its underlying opposite polarities takes place. The chromosphere below the CBP shows a number of peculiar features concerning its density and the spicules in it. The final stage of the CBP is eruptive: Magnetic flux emergence at the granular scale disrupts the CBP topology, leading to different ejections, such as UV bursts, surges, and EUV coronal jets. Apart from explaining observed CBP features, our results pave the way for further studies combining simulations and coordinated observations in different atmospheric layers.
Faire de la renaissance industrielle une réalité
Authors: Voy-Gillis Anaïs
Published: August 2022

L’industrie est redevenue un sujet central du débat public avec la pandémie et la guerre en Ukraine. Tout le monde s’accorde sur la nécessité de réindustrialiser, néanmoins le pourquoi et le comment font débat, tant cela représente des visions et des projets différents.
Technologie et souveraineté territoriale
Authors: Aulnette Christophe
Published: August 2022

La souveraineté technologique de l’Europe et de la France doit s’appuyer sur les territoires et leur capacité d’initiative. À l’image du groupe Intel, qui construit deux usines de fabrication de semi-conducteurs en Allemagne, notre pays peut porter un projet économique et industriel qui s’appuie sur une nouvelle géographie du développement. Car la France dispose de tous les atouts pour assurer une souveraineté territoriale grâce aux technologies et tourner le dos au mirage métropolitain. Si nous voulons innover et entreprendre dans l’Europe de la Tech, cette nouvelle approche doit être au cœur de la stratégie de réindustrialisation.
Les transitions en Hauts-de-France : vers la vallée des batteries et la croissance littorale
Authors: Leclerc Georges-François
Published: August 2022

Les Hauts-de-France sont une région industrielle et agricole puissante, pionnière d’une économie durable et connectée. Elle se place au cœur des transitions environnementale, énergique et numérique, notamment pour son industrie qui construit son avenir avec la vallée des batteries pour l’électromobilité et la voie de la croissance littorale avec le grand port maritime de Dunkerque.
Relance de l’industrie en Bourgogne-Franche-Comté : constats et perspectives
Authors: Vieille Natacha
Published: August 2022

Le déploiement du plan de relance post-crise Covid entre fin 2020 et 2022 a été un moment de retour de l’État dans la politique économique, y compris au niveau territorial : dialogue permanent avec les représentants du monde économique, mise en œuvre de mesures de soutien à l’investissement, accompagnement de la mise en œuvre des projets. Quatre principaux besoins sont ressortis de l’échange avec les entreprises en Bourgogne-Franche-Comté : modernisation du parc machine, performance environnementale, relocalisation et extension des capacités de production, positionnement sur des technologies de pointe. Ce mouvement de consolidation industrielle doit nécessairement s’accompagner d’un effort d’attractivité des métiers et de formation. Après la relance, la « résilience » : dans un contexte d’incertitudes et de fortes attentes des entreprises, l’État va devoir trouver des modes de régulation et d’intervention dans l’économie renouvelée.
Systematic Review of Virtual Reality in the Acquisition of Second Language
Authors: De Paula Forero Pataquiva Francisco , Klimova Blanka
Published: August 2022

Innovations in the fields of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) and the availability and usability improvements seen in recent years in these technologies have opened new possibilities in the field of foreign language learning. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, this study conducted a review of seven recent original articles with empirical data focused on the second language (L2) acquisition using immersive reality technologies. The main aim of this study was to analyze what language skills and what proficiency of students’ language level benefited most from the use of these new technologies. In addition, the authors explored what kind of VR or AR was used since the term may refer to a series of technologies that do not mean the same. For instance, VR might mean using headset displays, or it may refer to the use of interactive environments. The results indicate that the current VR and AR tools show a positive impact on L2 acquisition when compared to traditional learning methods, such as book-based learning. In addition, the findings reveal that VR and AR can be used among students with zero previous knowledge up to an intermediate and advanced level of fluency, with any L2 language. Nevertheless, only listening and reading skills play a role in the acquisition of L2 using virtual reality. However, as with any recent research field, it should be noted that there are several methodological limitations and that it is necessary to consider the achieved results critically.
Selection and Utilization of Multiple Teaching Tools in Blended Classrooms from the Perspective of Synergistic Effect
Authors: Yingmei Cai , Liwei Wang
Published: August 2022

Teaching tools are playing an increasingly important role in modern education, especially in this post-pandemic era, the outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic and the social distancing policy have brought fundamental changes to the education mode in China. Fully and rationally making use of multiple teaching tools in blended classrooms is helpful in realizing teaching goals, moreover, it can increase students’ interest in learning and activate classroom atmosphere. However, current studies on the teaching tools of blended classrooms fail to well exhibit teaching content in the classrooms, the existing tools only have limited functions, and such classrooms couldn’t effectively train students’ abilities to communicate or make self-evaluations. In view of these problems, this paper aims to study the selection and utilization of multiple teaching tools in blended classrooms from the perspective of synergistic effect. At first, this paper built an Evaluation Index System (EIS) for assessing the degree of synergy of multiple teaching tools when they are used in blended classrooms; then, it calculated the degree of order of these tools in the said classrooms; at last, this paper analyzed the effectiveness of the synergistic effect of different teaching tools.
Akonta: Examining the epistemology and ontology of Made in Africa Evaluation
Authors: Frehiwot Mjiba
Published: August 2022

Background: This article interrogates the epistemology and ontology of Made in Africa evaluation (MAE). Since the initial conversations about MAE as a method and theory in 2007, its importance has continued to gain traction and occupy space as a viable alternative to strictly using evaluative tools developed outside of Africa.Objectives: The epistemology and ontology of MAE are rarely a part of discussions, debates and research, these are regarded as auxiliary to internationally recognised methods and theories. The ability of MAE to be imagined by evaluators, academics and the community strengthens its ability to operate in multiple communities across Global Africa.Method: The project examined existing literature and primary source documents that tackle the issue of the epistemology and ontology of MAE. The researcher conducted a thorough review of literature as the primary methodology. The research focused on articles published between 2006 and 2021.Results: The findings provide critical thoughts about the research questions that guided this project. The questions interrogated how the epistemology and ontology of MAE impact the execution of the method in contemporary evaluations and its viability in the mainstream evaluation field in Africa.Conclusion: Made in Africa evaluation as a method and theory is waging an uphill battle against epistemic injustice in knowledge production, Eurocentric epistemology in evaluation, unequal power relations and projects funded by external donors. These barriers make it difficult for MAE to be fully recognised in the Western evaluation canon and suggest that an alternative framework is needed to radically shift power.
Efficacy of diversely isolated lytic phages against multi-drug resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolates in Kenya
Authors: Mutai Ivy J. , Juma Angela A. , Inyimili Martin I. , Nyachieo Atunga , Nyamache Anthony K.
Published: August 2022

Background: Enterobacter cloacae causes nosocomial infections in 15% of patients in low- and middle-income countries with emergence of carbapenem resistance. The utilisation of bacteriophages for therapeutic purposes is crucial for eradicating these resistant bacterial strains.Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy of lytic phages on bacterial isolates of E. cloacae and determined their stability in various physicochemical conditions.Methods: Twenty-nine lytic phages were isolated from the waste water of six informal settlements in Nairobi County, Kenya, from July 2019 to December 2020 and cross-reacted with 30 anonymised clinical isolates of E. cloacae. Six phages were then selected for physicochemical property studies. Phages were described as potent upon lysing any bacterial strain in the panel.Results: Selected phages were stable at 4 °C – 50 °C with a 5.1% decrease in titre in four of six phages and a 1.8% increase in titre in two of six phages at 50 °C. The phages were efficient following two weeks incubation at 4 °C with optimal activity at human body temperature (37 °C) and an optimal pH of 7.5. Phages were active at 0.002 M and 0.015 M concentrations of Ca2+ ions. The efficiency of all phages decreased with increased exposure to ultraviolet light. All phages (n = 29) showed cross-reactivity against anonymised clinical isolates of E. cloacae strains (n = 30). The most potent phage lysed 67.0% of bacterial strains; the least potent phage lysed 27.0%.Conclusion: This study reveals the existence of therapeutic phages in Kenya that are potent enough for treatment of multi-drug resistant E. cloacae.
Effective communication of learning intentions and success criteria in the mathematics classroom: MERLO pedagogy for Senior Phase South African schools
Authors: Adesanya Lydia O. , Graham Marien A.
Published: August 2022

A well-designed assessment construct is critical for improving all aspects of quality education and validating the achievement of educational reform. The global prevalence of how teachers communicate learning intentions (LIs) and success criteria (SC) has been of great concern, particularly in the South African context. This study investigates how Meaning Equivalence Reusable Learning Objects (MERLO) pedagogy effectively transforms Senior Phase mathematics teachers’ daily practice in the classroom. The study adopted qualitative participatory action research to frame the evolution of teachers’ praxeologies such as teachers’ meta-didactical and didactical praxeologies, to improve teachers’ beliefs and practices to integrate MERLO pedagogy as assessment activities. Twelve Senior Phase teachers were purposively selected in Gauteng, South Africa. The methods used for data generation were interviews, classroom observation, document analysis, field notes and training sessions. Thematic analysis was used to obtain insight into teachers’ beliefs and practice of effectively communicating LIs and SC in the classroom. At the initial stage, teachers were examined with regard to their beliefs and practices of assessment practices in the classroom, which informed MERLO intervention. In the second stage, teachers were asked to learn about MERLO items by reading the MERLO handout provided to them, participating in the workshop and sharing their opinions and views with others. In the third stage, teachers had to design MERLO assessment items on their own to assess learners’ level of understanding of the mathematical concepts in Senior Phase. The findings revealed that the participating teachers acquired adequate knowledge and skills on MERLO techniques that allowed them to structure and integrate the lesson plan of assessment activities into their mathematics classrooms. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by introducing MERLO pedagogy to Senior Phase South African mathematical teachers as an assessment strategy. COVID-19 caused some teachers to drop out of the study after the pre-MERLO participation phase and, accordingly, future research suggests that more teachers be included in similar studies.
Prevalence of Anterior Loop and other Patterns of Mental Nerve in a Sample Population of an Indian City: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Giroh Versha Rani , Hebbale Manjula , Mhapuskar Amit , Modak Rakhee , Agarwal Priya
Published: August 2022

Introduction

The final portion of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), the mental nerve (MN), is a general somatic afferent nerve that provides sensation to the lip, chin, and gingival tissue. Three patterns of MN have been observed – straight, perpendicular or vertical, and anterior loop (AL) of MN. The interforaminal region of the mandible possesses a MN with a path that creates an AL before entering the mental foramina. The aim of the study is to evaluate the presence of AL of MN using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to measure the length of the AL of MN, if present, also to evaluate the prevalence of other anatomical patterns of MN – straight and vertical patterns.

Materials and Methods

Mandible CBCT of 400 patients with the age of 20 years onward was included in the study. The images obtained were assessed for the different patterns of MN – straight, vertical, and ALs. The statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square test, paired t-test, and sample t-test.

Results

Out of 400 CBCT scans comprising 800 hemimandibles, straight pattern was observed in 67.1%, vertical pattern in 26%, and Anterior Loop in 6.9%. The prevalence of AL pattern was 6.9%. AL length was found to be in a range of 2.4–6.6 mm.

Discussion

Surgical trauma or injury to the AL of MN is possible during implant surgery in the interforaminal area of the mandible if AL is not assessed preoperatively.
Foreign Bodies of Dental Iatrogenic Origin Displaced in the Maxillary Sinus - A Safety and Efficacy Analysis of a Retrospective Study
Authors: Tilaveridis Ioannis , Stefanidou Anatoli , Kyrgidis Athanassios , Tilaveridis Stavros , Tilaveridou Sofia , Zouloumis Lambros
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Foreign bodies (FB) of the paranasal sinuses are an uncommon clinical entities with the maxillary sinuses being those most frequently affected. According to the literature, 60% of paranasal sinus FB are of iatrogenic origin, while 25% are of traumatic origin. This article aims to present an iatrogenic origin series of cases of FB displaced or projecting into the maxillary sinus.

Materials and Methods

In this retrospective study, the presence of the foreign body was revealed with radiologic methods and confirmed during the operation with macroscopic or later with histopathologic examination. All cases were treated with osteoplasty with vascularised pedicled bone flap or through minimally invasive intraoral procedure.

Results

A total of 27 patients were included in our study, 14 men and 13 women. The age range was 18–65 years with mean age of 46.14 (standard deviation = 10.35) years. Foreign body was displaced fragments of teeth in 11 patients (40.27%), complete teeth in four patients (14.81%), dental implants in five patients (18.51%), dental impression material in 2 cases (7,40%), gutta percha cone in two patients (7.40%), endodontic sealer associated with aspergillosis in two patients (7.40%), and dental burr in one patient (3.7%). The time between dental foreign body displacement and the surgical intervention for its removal was critical for the occurrence of sinusitis. All operated patients remained asymptomatic during a follow-up of at least 1 year.

Discussion

Prompt intervention for removal of FB eliminates the risk for chronic inflammation of the affected maxillary sinus and reduces the odds for sequelae.
Branchial Cleft Cyst Associated with Xanthogranulomatous Inflammation – An Unusual Case
Authors: Chaturvedi Himani-Tiwari , Chaturvedi Chandrashekher
Published: August 2022

Rationale

Branchial cleft cysts are benign lesions that result from developmental defects arising from primitive branchial arches, cleft, and pouches. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation (XGI) is a mass forming lesion and its association with branchial cleft cyst is rare.

Patient Concerns:

A 23-year-old male presented with a soft, partially mobile, nontender swelling on the left side of submandibular area. His main concern was removal of pathology.

Diagnosis

Computed tomography scan showed a well-circumscribed rounded cystic lesion suggestive of 2nd branchial cleft cyst, which was histopathologically confirmed as branchial cleft cyst with XGI.

Treatment

Complete surgical excision was done under general anaesthesia and the lesion was removed in toto.

Outcomes:

Patient’s postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged from the hospital on the 4th postoperative day.

Take-away Lessons

Diagnosis of branchial anomalies should always be considered while dealing with lateral neck swellings and XGI associated with branchial cleft cyst should be carefully investigated and treated.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Rhinoplasty Using the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation Scale
Authors: Nocini Riccardo , Chirumbolo Salvatore , Pirayesh Ali , Rahman Eqram , Kapoor Krishan Mohan , Caliskan Gulser , Bertossi Dario
Published: August 2022

Background

The purpose was to evaluate the role and impact of the rhinoplasty outcome evaluation (ROE) in rhinoplasty.

Objectives

To systematically review the ability of ROE to assess rhinoplasty outcome in the very recent surgical approaches.

Data Sources

Searching MESH terms “rhinoplasty” and “rhinoplasty and ROE” on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, and other major literature databases.

Study Eligibility Criteria

A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses model was adopted for eligibility criteria.

Participants and Interventions

A first large screening on 1,660 papers allowed the final retrieval of 896 reports, of which only 101 were eligible for all the inclusion criteria, which allowed finally to select a group of 12 reports published in the time range 2018–2021.

Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods

Meta-regression with Durbin–Watson test, checking of meta-analysis bias with Rosenthal’s estimator, and heterogeneity through the I
2 statistics were performed. The analysis included a Mantel–Haenszel test and associated or meta-analysis.

Results

Twelve eligible and qualified papers were included in the meta-analysis, out of 1,263 patients, from 1,660 papers. ROE confirmed previous reports about its ability to discriminate preoperative from postoperative outcome (50/100), as from the different rhinoplasty approaches, a value very close to the functional Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale. This study strengthens the role of ROE in the evaluation of rhinoplasty outcomes encouraging further research to improve ROE scale on different cultural habits and geographical areas.

Limitations

The main limitations were due to the weak inclusion and exclusion criteria, methodological flaws with the statistical analysis, and poor data synthesis and evaluation in many papers about ROE.
Chronic Invasive Aspergillosis with Fulminant Mucormycosis Sparing Palate in a Post-COVID-19 Patient - A Case Report
Authors: Ramani Pratibha , Krishnan Reshma Poothakulath , Pandiar Deepak , Benitha J. Georgia , Ramalingam Karthikeyan , Gheena S.
Published: August 2022

Rationale

COVID-19 patients, especially immunocompromised or severely ill, have a higher probability of suffering from invasive fungal infections.

Patient Concerns

A 41-years-old male reported with pain and heaviness in the face for the past 20 days. Patient had tested COVID-19 positive 20 days back and was recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. On histopathological examination numerous hyphae resembling mucor and asper fungi were evident.

Diagnosis

Chronic invasive aspergillosis with fulminant mucormycosis sparing palate.

Treatment

Since the lesion was spreading very rapidly the patient was referred to an isolation facility for further management.

Outcomes

We have postulated few hypothesis for the coinfection of aspergillosis and mucormycosis in our patient.

Take-away Lessons

It is important for the clinicians to systematically screen post COVID-19 patients for fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised and severely ill patients.
Use of Intraoperative C-Arm Fluoroscopy in Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Mandibular Condyle Fracture - A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Jitender , Kumar Sanjeev , Kapoor Sudhir K. , Thakker Rishabh , Bhatnagar Alok , Singh Minerva
Published: August 2022

The Rationale

Condyle fractures are a common type of mandibular fracture that can result in malocclusion. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in condylar fracture is considered as the most acceptable treatment modality.

Patient Concerns

The patient complained of pain and difficulty in the jaw while chewing.

Diagnosis

An orthopantomogram and reverse Towne’s view can lead to diagnosis of the condylar fracture.

Treatment

Open reduction and internal fixation using intraoperative real-time visualisation of subcondylar fracture reduction utilising the C-arm fluoroscopic approach were used to allow for adequate anatomical repositioning and fast restoration of function to meet the patient’s concerns.

Outcomes

We were able to achieve correct reduction of the fracture fragments with restoration of function and occlusion.

Take-away Lessons

When this procedure is used to treat condylar fractures, surgeons can get a better view of the fracture segments while eliminating the need for postoperative intermaxillary fixation and also reduces the complications from inappropriate reduction and fixation.
Odontogenic Keratocyst with Diverse Variations: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Lohokare Aishwarya Umesh , Nisa Shams Ul , Mhapuskar Amit , Hiremutt Darshan R Prasad , Thopte Shameeka
Published: August 2022

Rationale

An odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental odontogenic cyst lined by squamous epithelium having intrinsic growth potential. Hence, metaplastic changes such as the formation of mucous cells, ciliated cells, and hyaline bodies with ortho/para keratinisation have been known to create unusual histopathological variations.

Patient Concerns

A 34-year-old male patient reported with swelling on the lower right side of the face and numbness on the overlying skin.

Diagnosis

Based upon the histopathological findings, a final diagnosis of glandular odontogenic cyst with OKC was confirmed presenting mixed features of basal layer palisading squamous epithelium with goblet cells and satellite cysts appeared to be entrapped in the connective tissue wall.

Treatment

Surgical enucleation of the cyst was done.

Outcomes

No recurrence was reported in 1 year of follow-up.

Take-away Lessons

Diverse variations appear within odontogenic cysts and tumours. The high recurrence rate and aggressive nature of the cyst, divulges appropriate treatment and long-term follow-up.
A Rare Case Report of Impacted Foreign Body (Sewing Needle) in Upper Neck
Authors: Datta Ginni , Singh Gurchand , Singh Himani , Bhavana S.
Published: August 2022

The Rationale

A 19-year-old female presented to the Otorhinolaryngology Department.

Patient Concerns

Pain over the right side of the neck below the angle of the mandible following a fall on a pin cushion after a fight with her brother. She reported that the wound might have been caused by a sewing needle lodged in the pin cushion.

Diagnosis

X-ray soft-tissue neck lateral view revealed a radiopaque linear shadow on the right side of the neck at the level of the C1-C2 vertebrae. On contrast-enhanced computed tomography, a linear (needle-like) foreign body at the level of C1-C2 was approximately 1.6 cm deep from the skin. The internal jugular vein seemed to be compressed between the needle and vertebrae.

Treatment

Foreign body was explored and removed under general anaesthesia by an open lateral cervical approach.

Outcomes

The patient’s postoperative recovery was uneventful.

Take-away Lesson

Due to early diagnosis, management, and a team of experienced surgeons, anaesthesiologists, and support staff, any morbidity or mortality was avoided.
Success Rate of Mid-Secondary Alveolar Cleft Reconstruction Using Anterior Iliac Bone Grafts: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Tache Ana , Mommaerts Maurice Yves
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Bony reconstruction of the alveolar process and its adjacent platform largely represents the final step in surgical achievement of functionality and aesthetics in cleft patients. Throughout the years, the success of this procedure has been investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the success rate of autogenous mid-secondary alveolar bone grafting in this setting.

Methods and Material

A retrospective cohort study was performed. All cleft patients receiving secondary alveolar bone grafts between 1990 and 2020 were reviewed. Criteria for assessing success were long-term preservation of alveolar bone stock, ability of spontaneous or orthodontic-guided eruption and periodontal health of permanent lateral incisors and canine teeth, absence of exposed root structures of neighbouring teeth, absence of fistula and successful placement of implants. Failure of alveolar bone grafts was indicated by radiographically demonstrable total or near-total graft loss requiring reintervention.

Results

A number of 124 patients were included and grouped as those primarily operated following our (two-staged palatoplasty) protocol and those receiving cheilorhinoplasty and palatoplasty (one-staged) at other centres. Given the limited cohort size, no complex statistical analysis was performed. In the first group of 64 patients 12 experienced complications (Veau III, eight/36; Veau IV, four/18). In the second group of 60 patients, 12 experienced complications (Veau III, six/37; Veau IV, six/17).

Discussion

Our surgical protocol using anterior iliac bone grafts for secondary alveolar reconstruction achieved good results, comparing favourably with previous literature.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Prasad Cheruvathur , Deepa M. , Triveni Palani , Arunkumar Kamalakaran
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a pathologic condition where the mandible is fused to the fossa by bony or fibrotic tissues. Haemorrhage is one of the major complications during TMJ surgery especially in ankyloses due to altered anatomy. The aim of the study was to analyse the proximity of the vasculature to the TMJ region in TMJ ankylosis patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Materials and Methods

Noncontrast-enhanced MRI images of seven patients were assessed. The distance between maxillary artery and neck of condyle/ankylotic mass was measured using coronal sections and distance between the internal carotid artery (ICA), internal jugular vein (IJV) and medial edge of condyle/bony mass were measured using axial sections.

Results

The mean distance of internal maxillary artery (IMA) to medial edge of ankylotic mass was 1 ± 0.57 mm and 2 ± 1.2 mm-left and right condylar regions respectively (range: 0–4 mm).The mean distance from lateral aspect of ankylotic mass to IMA was 8.2 ± 1.4 mm and 8.7 ± 2.8 mm–right and left condylar regions respectively (range: 3–11 mm).The mean distance from medial edge of condyle to ICA was 18.8 ± 1.3 mm and 18.2 ± 1.1 mm-right and left condylar regions respectively (range: 17 mm–20 mm).The mean distance from the medial edge of condyle to IJV was 16.4 ± 1.1 mm and 14.5 ± 2.9 mm-right and left condylar regions (range: 11 mm–19 mm).

Discussion

These measurements were used as a guide to plan the steps during surgery in order to minimise the intraoperative haemorrhagic complications. Hence, MRI may be considered as a valuable tool in assessing the juxtaposition of vascular bed to TMJ region, though contrast MRI and a larger sample is needed to standardise.