bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Outcomes in Adult Survivors of Retinoblastoma
Authors: Ford Jennifer S. , Chou Joanne F. , Sklar Charles A. , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Novetsky Friedman Danielle , McCabe Mary , Robison Leslie L. , Kleinerman Ruth A. , Li Yuelin , Marr Brian P. , Abramson David H. , Dunkel Ira J.
Published: September 2015

Purpose

Survival rates for individuals diagnosed with retinoblastoma (RB) exceed 95% in the United States; however, little is known about the long-term psychosocial outcomes of these survivors.

Patients and Methods

Adult RB survivors, diagnosed from 1932 to 1994 and treated in New York, completed a comprehensive questionnaire adapted from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS), by mail or telephone. Psychosocial outcomes included psychological distress, anxiety, depression, somatization, fear of cancer recurrence, satisfaction with facial appearance, post-traumatic growth, and post-traumatic stress symptoms; noncancer CCSS siblings served as a comparison group.

Results

A total of 470 RB survivors (53.6% with bilateral RB; 52.1% female) and 2,820 CCSS siblings were 43.3 (standard deviation [SD], 11) years and 33.2 (SD, 8.4) years old at the time of study, respectively. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, RB survivors did not have significantly higher rates of depression, somatization, distress, or anxiety compared with CCSS siblings. Although RB survivors were more likely to report post-traumatic stress symptoms of avoidance and/or hyperarousal (both P < .01), only five (1.1%) of 470 met criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder. Among survivors, having a chronic medical condition did not increase the likelihood of psychological problems. Bilateral RB survivors were more likely than unilateral RB survivors to experience fears of cancer recurrence (P < .01) and worry about their children being diagnosed with RB (P < .01). However, bilateral RB survivors were no more likely to report depression, anxiety, or somatic complaints than unilateral survivors.

Conclusion

Most RB survivors do not have poorer psychosocial functioning compared with a noncancer sample. In addition, bilateral and unilateral RB survivors seem similar with respect to their psychological symptoms.
Oncologists' Experiences and Attitudes About Their Role in Philanthropy and Soliciting Donations From Grateful Patients
Authors: Walter Jennifer K. , Griffith Kent A. , Jagsi Reshma
Published: September 2015

Purpose

Physician participation in philanthropy is important to marshal resources that allow hospitals to pursue their missions, but little is known about how physicians participate and their attitudes toward participation.

Methods

To characterize philanthropic roles physicians play and their attitudes about participation and its ethical acceptability, medical oncologists affiliated with the 40 National Cancer Institute–designated comprehensive cancer centers were randomly sampled and surveyed to evaluate experiences and attitudes regarding participation in philanthropy at their institutions. Responses were tabulated; significant associations by physicians' characteristics were explored.

Results

A total of 405 (52%) physicians responded; 62% were men, and 72% were white. Most (71%) had been exposed to their institution's fundraising/development staff; 48% of those were taught how to identify patients who would be good donors; 26% received information about ethical guidelines for soliciting donations from their patients; 21% were taught how their institution ensures Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliance. A third (32%) of respondents had been asked to directly solicit a donation from their patients for their institution, of whom half declined to do so. Those who had solicited from their patients had been in practice significantly longer (mean, 19 v 13 years; P < .001). A substantial minority (37%) felt comfortable talking to their patients about donation (men more than women, 43% v 26%; P = .008); however, 74% agreed it could interfere with the physician-patient relationship, and 52% believe conflict of interest exists.

Conclusion

Institutions are asking physicians to directly solicit their patients for donations with variability in physicians' perceptions of the impact on relationships with patients and responses toward those requests.
RF9 Acts as a KISS1R Agonist In Vivo and In Vitro
Authors: Min Le , Leon Silvia , Li Huan , Pinilla Leonor , Carroll Rona S. , Tena-Sempere Manuel , Kaiser Ursula B.
Published: September 2015

RF9, a reported antagonist of the mammalian gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone receptor, stimulates gonadotropin secretion in mammals. Recent studies have suggested that the stimulatory effect of RF9 on gonadotropin secretion relies on intact kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) signaling, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Using Chinese Hamster Ovary cells stably transfected with KISS1R, we show that RF9 binds specifically to KISS1R, with a Kd of 1.6 × 10−5M, and stimulates an increase in intracellular calcium and inositol phosphate accumulation in a KISS1R-dependent manner, with EC50 values of 3.0 × 10−6M and 1.6 × 10−7M, respectively. RF9 also stimulated ERK phosphorylation, with a time course similar to that of kisspeptin-10. RFRP-3, the putative endogenous ligand for NPFFR1, did not stimulate inositol phosphate accumulation or pERK, nor did it alter responses to of kisspeptin-10 or RF9. In agreement with these in vitro data, we found that RF9 stimulated a robust LH increase in Npffr1−/− mice, similar to that in wild-type littermates, whereas the stimulatory effect of RF9 was markedly reduced in Kiss1r−/− and double Kiss1r−/−/Npfrr1−/− mice. The stimulatory effect of RF9 on LH secretion was restored by the selective rescue of Kiss1r expression in GnRH neurons, in Kiss1r−/−T mice. Taken together, our study demonstrates that RF9 acts primarily as a KISS1R agonist, but not as an allosteric modulator, to stimulate LH secretion. Our findings raise questions regarding the utility of RF9 for assessing NPFF1R function and de-emphasize a predominant role of this signaling system in central regulation of reproduction.
Temporal cAMP Signaling Selectivity by Natural and Synthetic MC4R Agonists
Authors: Molden Brent M. , Cooney Kimberly A. , West Kirk , Van Der Ploeg Lex H. T. , Baldini Giulia
Published: September 2015

The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a G protein-coupled receptor expressed in the brain, where it controls energy balance through pathways including α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-dependent signaling. We have reported that the MC4R can exist in an active conformation that signals constitutively by increasing cAMP levels in the absence of receptor desensitization. We asked whether synthetic MC4R agonists differ in their ability to increase intracellular cAMP over time in Neuro2A cells expressing endogenous MC4R and exogenous, epitope-tagged hemagglutinin-MC4R-green fluorescent protein. By analyzing intracellular cAMP in a temporally resolved Förster resonance energy transfer assay, we show that withdrawal of α-MSH leads to a quick reversal of cAMP induction. By contrast, the synthetic agonist melanotan II (MTII) induces a cAMP signal that persists for at least 1 hour after removal of MTII from the medium and cannot be antagonized by agouti related protein. Similarly, in mHypoE-42 immortalized hypothalamic neurons, MTII, but not α-MSH, induced persistent AMP kinase signal, which occurs downstream of increased cAMP. By using a fluorescence recovery after photobleaching assay, it appears that the receptor exposed to MTII continues to signal after being internalized. Similar to MTII, the synthetic MC4R agonists, THIQ and BIM-22511, but not LY2112688, induced prolonged cAMP signaling after agonist withdrawal. However, agonist-exposed MC4R desensitized to the same extent, regardless of the ligand used and regardless of differences in receptor intracellular retention kinetics. In conclusion, α-MSH and LY2112688, when compared with MTII, THIQ, and BIM-22511, vary in the duration of the acute cAMP response, showing distinct temporal signaling selectivity, possibly linked to specific cell compartments from which cAMP signals may originate.
Excitability governs neural development in a hippocampal region specific manner
Authors: Johnson-Venkatesh Erin M. , Khan Mudassar N. , Murphy Geoffrey G. , Sutton Michael A. , Umemori Hisashi
Published: September 2015

Neuronal activity, including intrinsic neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission, is an essential regulator of brain development. However, how the intrinsic neuronal excitability of distinct neurons affects their integration into developing circuits remains poorly understood. To study this question, we created several transgenic mouse lines in which intrinsic excitability is suppressed, and the neurons are effectively silenced, in different excitatory neuronal populations of the hippocampus. Here we show that CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus neurons each have unique responses to suppressed intrinsic excitability during circuit development. Silenced CA1 pyramidal neurons show altered spine development and synaptic transmission after P15. In contrast, silenced CA3 pyramidal neurons appear to develop normally. Silenced dentate granule cells develop with input specific decreases in spine density starting at P11; yet, a compensatory enhancement of neurotransmitter release onto these neurons maintains normal levels of synaptic activity. The synaptic changes in CA1 and dentate granule neurons are not observed when synaptic transmission, rather than intrinsic excitability, is blocked in these neurons. Thus, our results demonstrate a critical role for intrinsic neuronal excitability in establishing hippocampal connectivity and reveal that neuronal development in each hippocampal region is distinctly regulated by excitability.
De novoDNA methylation through 5'-segment of theH19ICR maintains its imprint during early embryogenesis
Authors: Matsuzaki Hitomi , Okamura Eiichi , Takahashi Takuya , Ushiki Aki , Nakamura Toshinobu , Nakano Toru , Hata Kenichiro , Fukamizu Akiyoshi , Tanimoto Keiji
Published: September 2015

Genomic imprinting is a major monoallelic gene expression regulatory mechanism in mammals, and depends on gamete-specific DNA methylation of specialized cis-regulatory elements called imprinting control regions (ICRs). Allele-specific DNA methylation of the ICRs is faithfully maintained at the imprinted loci throughout development, even in early embryos where genomes undergo extensive epigenetic reprogramming, including DNA demethylation, to acquire totipotency. We previously found that an ectopically introduced H19 ICR fragment in transgenic mice acquired paternal allele-specific methylation in the somatic cells of offspring, while it was not methylated in sperm, suggesting its gametic and postfertilization modifications are separable events. We hypothesized that this latter activity might contribute to maintenance of the methylation imprint in early embryos. Here we demonstrate that methylation of the paternally inherited transgenic H19 ICR commences soon after fertilization in a maternal Dnmt3a- and Dnmt3L-dependent manner. When its germline methylation was partially obstructed by insertion of insulator sequences, the endogenous, paternal H19 ICR also exhibited postfertilization methylation. Finally, we refined the responsible sequences for this activity in transgenic mice, and found that deletion of the 5' segment of the endogenous paternal H19 ICR decreased its methylation after fertilization, attenuated Igf2 gene expression. These results demonstrate that this segment of the H19 ICR is essential for its de novo post-fertilization DNA methylation, and that this activity contributes to the maintenance of imprinted methylation at the endogenous H19 ICR during early embryogenesis
Remora attachment is enhanced by spinule friction
Authors: Beckert Michael , Flammang Brooke E. , Nadler Jason H.
Published: September 2015

The remora fishes are capable of adhering to a wide variety of natural and artificial marine substrates using a dorsal suction pad. The pad is made of serial parallel pectinated lamellae which are homologous to the dorsal fin elements of other fishes. Small tooth-like projections of mineralized tissue from the dorsal pad lamella, known as spinules, are thought to increase the remora's resistance to slippage and thereby enhance friction to maintain attachment to a moving host. In this work, the geometry of the spinules and host topology as determined by micro-computed tomography and confocal microscope data, respectively, are combined in a friction model to estimate the spinule contribution to shear resistance. Model results are validated with natural and artificially created spinules and compared to previous remora pull-off experiments. It was found that spinule geometry plays a critical role in friction enhancement especially at short spatial wavelengths in the host surface, and that spinule tip geometry is not correlated with lamellar position. Furthermore, comparisons with pull-off experiments suggest that spinules are primarily responsible for friction enhancement on rough host topologies such as shark skin
The acquisition and expression of memories of distance and direction in navigating wood ants
Authors: Fernandes A.S.D. , Philippides A. , Collett T.S. , Niven J.E.
Published: September 2015

Wood ants, like other central place foragers, rely on route memories to guide them to and from a reliable food source. They use visual memories of the surrounding scene and probably compass information to control their direction. Do they also remember the length of their route and do they link memories of direction and distance? To answer these questions, we trained wood ant (Formica rufa) foragers in a channel to perform either a single short foraging route or two foraging routes in opposite directions. By shifting the starting position of the route within the channel, but keeping the direction and distance fixed, we tried to ensure that the ants would rely upon vector memories rather than visual memories to decide when to stop. The homeward memories that the ants formed were revealed by placing fed or unfed ants directly into a channel and assessing the direction and distance that they walked without prior performance of the food-ward leg of the journey. This procedure prevented the distance and direction walked being affected by a home-vector derived from path integration. Ants that were unfed walked in the feeder direction. Fed ants walked in the opposite direction for a distance related to the separation between start and feeder. Vector memories of a return route can thus be primed by the ants' feeding state and expressed even when the ants have not performed the food-ward route. Tests on ants that have acquired two routes indicate that memories of the direction and distance of the return routes are linked, suggesting that these memories may be encoded by a common neural population within the ant brain.
Redox Hydrogel of Glucose Oxidase on MgO-Templated Carbon Electrode
Authors: Suzuki Aimi , Murata Kazuki , Mano Nicolas , Tsujimura Seiya
Published: September 2015

MgO-templated carbon having an average pore diameter of 38 nm was used as a scaffold for a glucose oxidase-hydrogel consisting of an Os-complex-tethered polymer. The glucose oxidation current density of the electrode was 60 mA cm−2 at a loading of 1000 µg cm−2 at 37 °C.
Synergic Effects on Pantothenic Acid Extraction and Transport through Liquid Membranes
Authors: Galaction Anca-Irina , Poștaru Mădălina , Blaga Alexandra-Cristina , Bompa Amalia-Stela , Caşcaval Dan
Published: September 2015

The magnitude of synergic effect related to the facilitated pertraction of pantothenic acid using two carriers (TOA and D2EHPA) was analyzed in direct correlation with the operating parameters and polarity of membrane phase. Compared to the facilitated pertraction with each individual carrier, the results obtained for pertraction systems containing a carrier mixture indicated that the most important synergism was recorded for liquid membrane consisting of heptane with low concentration of organophosphoric carrier and high aminic carrier concentration. However, the important synergic effect related to the acid transfer to liquid membrane affected the amplitude of synergism corresponding to the stripping process.
Review: Recent Advances in the Use of Non-Destructive near Infrared Spectroscopy for Intact Olive Fruits
Authors: Stella Elisabetta , Moscetti Roberto , Haff Ron P. , Monarca Danilo , Cecchini Massimo , Contini Marina , Massantini Riccardo
Published: September 2015

The objective of this review is to illustrate the state of the art in the use of non-destructive near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for quality evaluation of intact fruit in the olive industry. First, the most recent studies regarding the application of non-destructive NIR spectroscopy methods for the assessment of external olive quality are reviewed. External defects including mechanical damage, bruising, ground origin and insect infestation, and the consequences of these defects for finished products are reported. Second, research regarding chemical parameters of olive fruits is reviewed; in particular, the use of portable instruments to measure quality parameters such as moisture, oil and phenolic content while the fruit is on the tree, with the goal of monitoring the trends in these parameters during olive development. Finally, research on intact olive authenticity, an important aspect for legal and economic reasons, is reviewed. As most studies cited indicate the feasibility of NIR spectroscopy for non-destructive evaluation of many quality parameters, this review stresses the urgent need for technology transfer to olive facilities to enhance product quality while reducing production costs.
Study of Inks Used in Biomedical Optics Phantoms: Stability and Ageing
Authors: Pardini P.A. , Serra M.V. Waks , Ranea-Sandoval H.F. , Pomarico J.A. , Iriarte D.I.
Published: September 2015

Inks are the most common absorbers added in phantoms for biomedical optics experiments. Due to the small quantities required, it is usual to prepare dilutions in distilled water and to store them for future use. However, they may degrade with time. This work investigates the stability, over a 60-day period, of various types of ink dilutions as a component used in tissue-mimicking phantoms. For this purpose, the optical properties, particularly the absorption coefficient, of a diffusive phantom fabricated with various pre-diluted inks have been determined using time-resolved experiments, for the period of time under investigation. Two commercial India inks were studied, namely Rotring® and Higgins®, as well as a third type, a black ink-jet printer ink (Powertec®). Results suggest that all ink dilutions suffer from ageing, affecting the reproducibility of the optical properties of the phantoms. For the investigated period, this effect was more noticeable for the India inks, but almost negligible for the ink-jet printer ink.
Does CXCR3 chemokine receptor expression by CD8+ T cells affect their moving towards or only their binding to virus-infected monocytes?
Authors: Dijkstra Johannes M.
Published: September 2015

This correspondence concerns a recent publication in Immunity by Hickman et al.1 who analyzed the effect of Cxcr3 knockout on migration of CD8+ T cells towards and within vaccinia virus-infected mouse ears.  They found that Cxcr3 knockout had no effect on CD8+ T cell migration into the infected ears, a relatively mild effect on virus clearance, and an effect on the contact of CD8+ T cells with virus-infected cells.  Curiously, despite having these basically sound and interesting data, Hickman et al. exaggerated the effect on virus clearance (“dramatically impaired virus clearance”) and focused their conclusions on assumed differences in migration towards infected cells (“CXCR3 chemokine receptor enables local CD8+ T cell migration”) rather than on better proven differences in binding to infected cells.  I believe that from the data presented by Hickman et al. on the effect of Cxcr3 knockout a migration effect independent from the binding effect cannot be concluded beyond discussion.  The fact that CXCR3 is a chemokine receptor, and that most researchers consequently expect a chemokine-gradient-dependent migration effect of the Cxcr3 knockout mutation, increases the risk of misleading readers when approached through the Hickman et al. narrative.  The here-initiated discussion of their article may help to avoid such a misleading.
Lower urinary tract symptoms, nocturia and overactive bladder in patients with depression and anxiety
Authors: Golabek Tomasz , Skalski Michal , Przydacz Mikolaj , Świerkosz Agata , Siwek Marcin , Golabek Katarzyna , Stangel-Wojcikiewicz Klaudia , Dudek Dominika , Chlosta Piotr
Published: September 2015

Objawy z dolnego odcinka dróg moczowych (LUTS) charakteryzują się znaczną częstością występowania oraz potwierdzonym wynikami badań negatywnym wpływem na jakość życia, sen i dobrostan psychospołeczny chorych. Z drugiej strony, zarówno depresja, jak i lęk negatywnie wpływają na doświadczanie, nasilenie oraz uporczywość objawów LUTS. Niniejsze opracowanie ocenia związki LUTS z depresją i lękiem na podstawie przeprowadzonych dotychczas badań. Poszukiwaliśmy również wspólnych mechanizmów powstawania LUTS oraz depresji i lęku.
Istnieje duża ilość dowodów łącząca objawy LUTS z lękiem oraz/lub depresją. Przeprowadzone do tej pory badania wykazały nie tylko występowanie znaczącego wpływu LUTS na dobrostan psychospołeczny, lecz także silnego negatywnego wpływu depresji oraz lęku na doświadczanie, rozwój oraz utrzymywanie się objawów LUTS. Wysoki odsetek pacjentów ze współwystępującymi depresją oraz lękiem ma duże znaczenie we właściwym leczeniu LUTS, podobnie jak występujące objawy LUTS grają istotną rolę w pojawianiu się i leczeniu depresji oraz lęku. Dlatego klinicyści powinni być świadomi istnienia dwukierunkowego związku między LUTS, a lękiem oraz/lub depresją. Niektórzy pacjenci mogą wymagać multidyscyplinarnego podejścia oraz skojarzonego leczenia. Dokładny mechanizm łączący występowanie LUTS z depresją i lękiem pozostaje w dużej mierze nieznany. Aby wyodrębnić leżące u podstaw tego zjawiska procesy patofizjologiczne potrzeba dalszych badań.
Research Note—Can’t Buy Me Love…Or Can I? Social Capital Attainment Through Conspicuous Consumption in Virtual Environments
Authors: Hinz Oliver , Spann Martin , Hann Il-Horn
Published: September 2015

Conspicuous consumption affects anyone who cares about social status; it has intrigued sociologists and economists for more than 100 years. The idea that conspicuous consumption can increase social status, as a form of social capital, has been broadly accepted, yet researchers have not been able to test this effect empirically. In this work, we provide empirical evidence by analyzing the digital footprints of purchases and social interactions in different virtual worlds. We use a multimethod approach, such that we both analyze transactional data and conduct a randomized field experiment. Virtual worlds, as artificial laboratories, offer the opportunity to analyze the social capital of their inhabitants, subsequent to their purchase of virtual prestige goods, which provides a means to empirically test hypotheses that would be nearly impossible to test in real-world settings. Our results are consistent with the notion that conspicuous consumption represents an investment in social capital.
Case Article—Mapping Business Problems to Analytics Solutions: Surrogate Experiential Learning in an MBA Introductory Data Science and Business Analytics Course
Authors: Pachamanova Dessislava A.
Published: September 2015

The case presented in this article can be used as a surrogate experiential learning exercise in an introductory MBA course on data science and business analytics. Students learn about the life cycle of data analytics projects by alternating between study of analytical techniques and participation in a data analytics project running through the course. The project begins as a simple business question which, through sequential discovery, expands into rich discussions and experiences, and culminates with presentations that test students’ ability to translate computational results into insights for various stakeholders. In the process, students learn about effective information gathering and discovery, identifying major stakeholders, problem framing and mapping, model identification, data visualization, and basic model implementation. They also learn how to present their findings to different audiences with the greatest possible impact. This approach elicits student engagement, teamwork, and multiple perspectives as students are asked to view themselves and evaluate their colleagues from the point of view of various roles in the company.

Teaching Note: Interested Instructors please see the Instructor Materials page for access to the restricted materials. To maintain the integrity and usefulness of cases published in ITE, unapproved distribution of the case teaching notes and other restricted materials to any other party is prohibited.
Reviewing the importance of the cold chain in the distribution of vaccines
Authors: Purssell Edward
Published: September 2015

Vaccination is an effective public health measure to prevent and control a number of infectious diseases. However, since vaccines are biological products and are sensitive to both heat and cold, they need to be maintained within a narrow range of temperatures, often referred to as the ‘cold-chain’. This range, which is between +2°C and +8°C with a target +5°C, does not allow for refreezing or storage at room temperature. This paper discusses the importance of the cold chain, what should be done both to maintain it, and the actions to be taken, should a break be noted. It is important to note the product information supplied with vaccines, which is taken from the summary of product characteristics that forms part of the licensing requirements for each vaccine, and which will state how it should be stored. Using a vaccine that has not been stored according to these instructions constitutes off-label use, for which the individual practitioner must take responsibility. It also emphasises the fragile nature of many public health interventions, maintenance of which require constant vigilance and close cooperation between many groups and individuals.
Understanding the Code: keeping accurate records
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: September 2015

In his continuing series looking at the legal and professional implications of the Nursing and Midwifery Council's revised Code of Conduct, Richard Griffith discusses the elements of accurate record keeping under Standard 10 of the Code. This article considers the importance of accurate record keeping for the safety of patients and protection of district nurses. The legal implications of records are explained along with how district nurses should write records to ensure these legal requirements are met.
Living with lipoedema: reviewing different self-management techniques
Authors: Fetzer Amy , Wise Christine
Published: September 2015

At present, there is no proven cure for lipoedema. Nevertheless, much can be done to help improve symptoms and prevent progression. Many of these improvements can be achieved by patients using self-management techniques. This article describes the range of self-management techniques that community nurses can discuss with patients, including healthy eating, low-impact exercise, compression garments, self-lymphatic drainage, and counselling.
MRSA in veterinary practice and the need for infection control link nurses
Authors: Feilberg Erika
Published: September 2015

Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a pathogen of significance to both veterinary and human health sectors. Acquisition of MRSA is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality and is endemic in healthcare facilities across the globe. Emerging evidence is suggestive that companion animals act as reservoirs of disease when living with infected owners. Additionally, veterinary staff are now identified as high risk groups for MRSA carriage, raising concerns about the degree of antibiotic resistance in small animal medicine. Infection control link nurses have been utilised in the human healthcare industry to assist with MRSA reduction and their role could be modified for use within the veterinary industry.
The top five clinical consequences of obesity in dogs
Authors: Linder Deborah
Published: September 2015

Deborah Linder discusses the top five clinical and subclinical consequences of obesity in dogs.
Effects of Sodium Iso-butyl Xanthate Dosage on The Froth Flotation of Bead Milled Middle Group 1-3 PGM Ore Blend
Authors: Madilen Nthapeleng M. , Adeleke Abraham A. , Mendonidis Peter
Published: September 2015

An investigation was carried out to determine the effects of collector concentration on the grade and recovery in the flotation of middle group 1-3 Platinum Group Metal (PGM) ore mixture. The ore mixture pulp at a relative density of 1.29 was subjected to “bead milling”  test, particle size distribution analysis  and the 55% passing 75 µm was froth floated at 180, 200 and 220 g/t dosages of sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX) and 30 and 80 g/t of Senfroth and Sendep 30D frother and depressant, respectively. The results obtained indicated the predominance of the 38 µm PGM values in the ore and confirmed the need for tertiary milling for better liberation of the PGMs. The grade of the PGM concentrate obtained when dosing at 200 g/t of sodium isobutyl xanthate was highest at 94 g/t and gave the lowest recovery of 53%. The 180 g/t SIBX dosage resulted in highest PGM recovery of 70% and lowest grade of 84 g/t, while dosing at 220 g/t SIBX gave average PGM grades of 90 g/t  and  recoveries of 60%. The results obtained thus showed that that an SIBX dosage of 180 g/t SIBX would be appropriate when higher recoveries are targeted, while 200 g/t dosage will yield higher grades
Erantzunen kalifikazio automatikorako lehen urratsak
Authors: Agirre Eneko , Aldabe Itziar , Lopez de Lacalle Oier , Lopez-Gazpio Iñigo , Maritxalar Montse
Published: September 2015

Lan honetan erantzunen kalifikazio automatikorako lehen urratsak azaltzen ditugu. Urrats horiek azaltzeko irakaskuntzaren domeinuko bi sistema deskribatzen ditugu:bata, erantzunak hierarkikoki antolatzen eta kalifikatzen dituena; eta, bestea, kalifikazioaren azalpena emateko asmoz, erantzunaren zatiak erreferentzia baten aurka alderatzeko gai dena. Horretaz gain, irakaskuntzaren alorreko ataza internazional bat aztertuz alorreko teknika erabilienak mahairatzen ditugu.
Censos y etnicidad en España. Historia de una ausencia
Authors: Hernández Pablo Estévez
Published: September 2015

En Europa ha comenzado a considerarse pragmáticamente el uso de categorías étnicas para recabar información censal. Esta consideración no ha venido sin litigio social y político, donde esta información "sensible" puede servir tanto en materia antidiscriminatoria como en catalogación y profusión de exclusión y racismo (estatal). En cualquier caso se ha comenzado a tomar en cuenta esta proyección censal debido a la perdida de visibilidad que tienen los inmigrantes de segunda generación una vez que obtienen nacionalidad, desapareciendo por tanto de las estadísticas en la forma de "extranjeros". Con distintos escenarios europeos, siempre contextualizados y en parte en conflicto con las herencias del pasado colonial, se ha llegado a disimiles resultados sobre esta posible inclusión. Este artículo se pregunta por una posible resistencia a la clasificación étnica en el censo nacional español, considerando su disposición cultural étnica interna (enfrascada en una tensión centro-periferia) y por las caracteristicas propias del caso español, repasando su particularidad colonial y presentando un contexto comparativo con dos prominentes vecinos europeos.
La articulación de las identidades sociales y colectivas: una perspectiva situada
Authors: Revilla Juan Carlos , De Castro Carlos , Tovar Francisco José
Published: September 2015

El presente trabajo analiza las manifestaciones de las identidades colectivas que es posible encontrar en un determinado espacio social delimitado geográficamente, las ciudades alicantinas de Alcoy y Elda, partiendo de las identidades sociales más importantes. Se pretende contribuir a deslindar teóricamente ambos conceptos, los cuales no siempre han sido tratados adecuadamente. A través de entrevistas a expertos, en profundidad y grupos de discusión, se ha realizado un análisis que identifica los más importantes discursos sobre el nosotros colectivo que encontramos en ambas ciudades, remitiéndonos a los campos sociales en los que se articulan las prácticas que les dan entidad y configuran esas identidades colectivas. El resultado muestra las dificultades para seguir articulando identidades colectivas a partir de las experiencias en la actividad productiva principal, al tiempo que emergen con fuerza unas identidades colectivas locales basadas en la participación en un espacio cívico-político que articula buena parte de la vida social.
Psicología social e identidad colectiva: demonización o salvaguardia crítica
Authors: Apodaka Eduardo , Villareal Mikel
Published: September 2015

Presentación el monográfico que reivindica las posibilidades de las aproximaciones psicosociológicas cuando aceptan la pluralidad epistemológica, metodológica, etc., de las psicologías sociales. La visión hegemónica que sobre lo colectivo encontramos en la Psicología Social instituida está sobre-determinada por la visión hegemónica que de lo colectivo tiene y va extendiendo la Psicología y con ella el proceso cultural y social de psicologización de las formas de vidas actuales. Por ello iniciamos la andadura de este número interrogándonos sobre el sentido de la Psicología y sobre la labor que la Psicología Social puede (o debe, según se mire) desarrollar en el campo de las identidades colectivas.
Modelo de Gestión Territorial utilizado en la reconstrucción post terremoto y tsunami del 27-F en Chile
Authors: González González Luis Eduardo
Published: September 2015

En Chile, el terremoto y tsunami ocurridos el 27 de Febrero del año 2010, intensidad 8,8 ° en la escala de Richter, dejaron en absoluta evidencia la necesidad de reconstruir planificadamente pequeñas localidades y caletas pesqueras ubicadas en la costa de la zona central del país, área donde la catástrofe generó los mayores daños físicos, sociales y económicos. Por este motivo, desde el año 2010 en adelante, el Estado de Chile puso en marcha una serie de adyacencias creativas que han buscado alcanzar un diseño urbano sostenible en todos los centros urbanos que fueron devastados a causa, principalmente, del tsunami.El propósito Estatal se materializó a través de Planes Maestros de Reconstrucción Territorial, cuyo objetivo fue articular equipos multidisciplinarios para lograr la implementación de planes de reconstrucción integrales e innovadores en su modelo de gestión y simultáneamente, mediante la sumatoria de micro-estrategias urbanas, desarrollar imágenes de un futuro posible en aquellos poblados.A partir de la experiencia chilena, se aborda como caso estudio el Plan de Reconstrucción Estratégico Sustentable, comúnmente conocido como PRES, de las localidades de Duao, Iloca y La Pesca, ubicadas en la Región del Maule. Mediante este caso se reflejan éxitos y desaciertos de la asociatividad entre entidades públicas e instituciones privadas en la planificación territorial, en un contexto de emergencia post desastre natural.Además, el resultado esperado es evidenciar el rol protagónico asumido por actores privados en la planificación territorial chilena en un contexto de emergencia, en el momento en que el Estado baja las barreras normativas.En términos metodológicos, la investigación se desarrolla mediante lo que Jacques Derrida denominó Deconstrucción, es decir, la descomposición de los diferentes elementos teóricos que componen el tema, para analizarlos separadamente y para abordarlos posteriormente desde una perspectiva global.
COMPARISON OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS OF UNCONVENTIONAL CHP UNITS
Authors: Durcansky Peter
Published: September 2015

An unconventional CHP unit with a hot air engine is designed as the primary energy source with fuel in the form of biomass. The heat source is a furnace designed for combustion of biomass, whether in the form of wood logs or pellets. The transport of energy generated by the biomass combustion to the working medium of a hot-air engine is ensured by a special heat exchanger connected to this resource. The correct operation of the hot-air engine is largely dependent on an appropriate design of the exchanger. The paper deals with the calculation of the heat exchanger for the applications
mentioned, using criterion equations, and based on CFD simulations.
ASSESSMENT OF POSTURAL INSTABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH A NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER USING A TRI-AXIAL ACCELEROMETER
Authors: Hanakova Lenka , Socha Vladimir , Schlenker Jakub , Cakrt Ondrej , Kutilek Patrik
Published: September 2015

Current techniques for quantifying human postural stability during quiet standing have several limitations. The main problem is that only two movement variables are evaluated, though a better description of complex three-dimensional (3-D) movements can be provided with the use of three variables. A single tri-axial accelerometer placed on the trunk was used to measure 3-D data.
We are able to evaluate 3-D movements using a method based on the volume of confidence ellipsoid (VE) of the set of points obtained by plotting three accelerations against each other. Our method was used to identify and evaluate pathological balance control. In this study, measurements were made of patients with progressive cerebellar ataxia, and also control measurements of healthy subjects, and a statistical analysis was performed. The results show that the VEs of the neurological disorder patients are significantly larger than the VEs of the healthy subjects. It can be seen that the quantitative method based on VE is very sensitive for identifying changes in stability, and that it is able to distinguish between neurological disorder patients and healthy subjects.
EFFECT OF THE ADDITION OF LI ON THE STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HYPOEUTECTIC Al-Mg2Si ALLOYS
Authors: Prach Olena , Horník Jakub , Mykhalenkov Kostiantyn
Published: September 2015

Alloys with various contents of Li were studied by means of  differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-Ray microanalysis (EDX).
The TEM investigations revealed that three different types of precipitation are formed in the alloy matrix during artificial aging. Two of the types represent different morphologies of Mg2Si precipitates. The appearance of the third type, identified as the δ-Al3Li phase, shows that the Al-Mg-Si system can be used successfully for designing an Li-containing casting alloy. However, this alloy has not yet been developed.
Only 3-generalized metric spaces
have a compatible symmetric topology
Authors: Suzuki Tomonari , Alamri Badriah , Kikkawa Misako
Published: September 2015

We prove that every 3-generalized metric space is metrizable. We also show that for any ʋ with ʋ ≥ 4,
not every ʋ-generalized metric space has a compatible symmetric topology.
Age-density relation of Main galaxies at fixed parameters or for
different galaxy families
Authors: Deng Xin-Fa , Song Jun , Chen Yi-Qing , Jiang Peng , Ding Ying-Ping
Published: September 2015

Using two volume-limited Main galaxy samples
of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 10 (SDSS
DR10), we examine the environmental dependence of
galaxy age at fixed parameters or for different galaxy families.
Statistical results show that the environmental dependence
of galaxy age is stronger for late type galaxies, but
can be still observed for the early types: the age of galaxies
in the densest regime is preferentially older than that
in the lowest density regime with the same morphological
type. We also find that the environmental dependence
of galaxy age for red galaxies and Low Stellar Mass (LSM)
galaxies is stronger, while the one for blue galaxies and
High Stellar Mass ( HSM ) galaxies is very weak.
Magnesium oxide as a heterogeneous catalyst support
Authors: Julkapli Nurhidayatullaili Muhd , Bagheri Samira
Published: September 2015

Researchers normally consider MgO as a promising high-surface-area heterogeneous catalyst support, additive, and promoter for many kinds of chemical reactions due to its certain properties, including stoichiometry and composition, cation valence, redox properties, acid-base character, and crystal and electronic structure. The presence of MgO as a support catalyst also modifies the electronic state of the overall catalytic performance by electron transfer between the native catalyst and MgO as support. The influence is clarified by alteration of acid-base properties of the catalyst-supported MgO. Meanwhile, the method, chemical composition, and condition in the preparation of MgO are the important factors affecting its surface and catalytic properties. Therefore, MgO with a high surface area and nanocrystalline structure has encouraging applications for some reactions, including as dry reforming, dehydrohalogenation, oxidative dehydrogenation of butane, nonoxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene, decomposition of CCl
Clinical Trial Decisions in Difficult Circumstances: Parental Consent Under Time Pressure
Authors: Jansen-van der Weide Marijke C. , Caldwell Patrina H.Y. , Young Bridget , de Vries Martine C. , Willems Dick L. , Van’t Hoff William , Woolfall Kerry , van der Lee Johanna H. , Offringa Martin
Published: September 2015

Treatments and interventions used to care for children in emergencies should be based on strong evidence. Well-designed clinical trials investigating these interventions for children are therefore indispensable. Parental informed consent is a key ethical requirement for the enrollment of children in such studies. However, if time is limited because of an urgent need for intervention, there are additional ethical challenges to adequately support the informed consent process. The acute situation and associated psychological impact may compromise the ability of parents to give informed consent. Little evidence exists to guide the process of consent seeking for a child’s research participation when time is limited. It is also unclear in what circumstances alternatives to prospective informed consent could be applied. This article describes possible options to manage the informed consent process in an appropriate, practical, and, we believe, ethical way when time is limited.
Nebulized Hypertonic Saline for Acute Bronchiolitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang Linjie , Mendoza-Sassi Raúl A. , Klassen Terry P. , Wainwright Claire
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

The mainstay of treatment for acute bronchiolitis remains supportive care. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of nebulized hypertonic saline (HS) in infants with acute bronchiolitis.

METHODS:

Data sources included PubMed and the Virtual Health Library of the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information up to May 2015. Studies selected were randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing nebulized HS with 0.9% saline or standard treatment.

RESULTS:

We included 24 trials involving 3209 patients, 1706 of whom received HS. Hospitalized patients treated with nebulized HS had a significantly shorter length of stay compared with those receiving 0.9% saline or standard care (15 trials involving 1956 patients; mean difference [MD] −0.45 days, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.82 to −0.08). The HS group also had a significantly lower posttreatment clinical score in the first 3 days of admission (5 trials involving 404 inpatients; day 1: MD −0.99, 95% CI −1.48 to −0.50; day 2: MD −1.45, 95% CI −2.06 to −0.85; day 3: MD −1.44, 95% CI −1.78 to −1.11). Nebulized HS reduced the risk of hospitalization by 20% compared with 0.9% saline among outpatients (7 trials involving 951 patients; risk ratio 0.80, 95% CI 0.67–0.96). No significant adverse events related to HS inhalation were reported. The quality of evidence is moderate due to inconsistency in results between trials and study limitations (risk of bias).

CONCLUSIONS:

Nebulized HS is a safe and potentially effective treatment of infants with acute bronchiolitis.
Health Care Issues for Children and Adolescents in Foster Care and Kinship Care
Authors:   COUNCIL ON FOSTER CARE,   ADOPTION, AND KINSHIP CARE,   COMMITTEE ON ADOLESCENCE, and COUNCIL ON EARLY CHILDHOOD, Szilagyi Moira A. , Rosen David S. , Rubin David , Zlotnik Sarah , Szilagyi Moira , Harmon David , Jaudes Paula , Jones V. Faye , Lee Paul , Nalven Lisa , Prock Lisa , Sagor Linda , Schulte Elaine , Springer Sarah , Tonniges Thomas , Braverman Paula K. , Adelman William P. , Alderman Elizabeth M. , Breuner Cora C. , Levine David A. , Marcell Arik V. , O’Brien Rebecca , Lieser Dina , DelConte Beth , Donoghue Elaine , Earls Marian , Glassy Danette , McFadden Terri , Mendelsohn Alan , Scholer Seth , Takagishi Jennifer , Vanderbilt Douglas , Williams Patricia Gail
Published: September 2015

Children and adolescents who enter foster care often do so with complicated and serious medical, mental health, developmental, oral health, and psychosocial problems rooted in their history of childhood trauma. Ideally, health care for this population is provided in a pediatric medical home by physicians who are familiar with the sequelae of childhood trauma and adversity. As youth with special health care needs, children and adolescents in foster care require more frequent monitoring of their health status, and pediatricians have a critical role in ensuring the well-being of children in out-of-home care through the provision of high-quality pediatric health services, health care coordination, and advocacy on their behalves.
Assessment of the baltic sea near-shore wave energy resources along the coast of Klaipėda
Authors: Kasiulis Egidijus
Published: September 2015

Summary of Doctoral Dissertation
Three new serotypes of Rhodococcus equi in Prescott’s serotyping system — Short communication
Authors: Makrai László , Fodor László , Hajtós István , Varga János , Dénes Béla
Published: September 2015

Three new serotypes were found among Rhodococcus equi strains, which could not be assigned into any of the seven serotypes of Prescott’s system. Fortythree R. equi strains out of 44 previously nontypable ones isolated in Hungary could be allocated into one of the three new serotypes using the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test. The three new suggested serotypes are serotype 8 (proposed reference strain: HNCMB-138003), serotype 9 (proposed reference strain: HNCMB-138004) and serotype 10 (proposed reference strain: HNCMB-138005). Hyperimmune sera produced in rabbits against the new serotypes and reference strains gave precipitation only with their homologous antigens, and no crossreactions were observed. All of the previously nontypable isolates from clinical samples of horses (lung abscesses, intestinal lymph nodes, mediastinal lymph nodes) proved to be serotype 8, while strains of serotypes 8, 9 and 10 could be isolated from nasal and rectal swabs of horses and from the soil. Serotype 9 dominated among the previously nontypable strains of swine origin. One of the previously nontypable human strains was serotype 10. This serotype was also isolated from pigs, horses and the soil. The description of the three new serotypes can help us reveal new correlations between the host species, geographical origin and serotype of R. equi isolates.