bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Genetic Factors in the Outbreak Mechanism of Dental Caries
Authors: Shimomura-Kuroki Junko , Nashida Tomoko , Miyagawa Yukio , Sekimoto Tsuneo
Published: September 2017

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between cariogenic bacterial infection and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes associated with dental caries, and to explore the factors related to caries in children.

Study design: Children aged 3 to 11 years were selected. Detection of cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus) from the plaque of each patient, and SNP analyses of five candidate genes (MBL2, TAS2R38, GLUT2, MMP13 and CA6) were performed using DNA isolated from buccal mucosal cells. The dental caries experience in primary and permanent teeth was determined using the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index, and the effects of the observed factors on the DMFT value were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Results: The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that the DMFT value significantly increased in the presence of S. mutans or S. sobrinus (p < 0.001), while the dmft/DMFT value decreased in the presence of nucleobase C in MBL2 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that the MBL2 gene is related to the pathogenesis of dental caries.
Dyslipidemia and obesity management; lifestyle modification: an Indian perspective
Authors: Khan Yasmee , Khan Manal M. , L. Chandani Arati , Raza Farooqui M.
Published: September 2017

In India, obesity is an emerging health problem, along with its co morbidities. This is due to change in life style and dietary patterns of people in developing world. In India, there is rapid rise in number of deaths due to CVD and its prevalence in society is at an alarming rise. Around half of these deaths are of the people in there productive years leading to loss of productive workforce. This has occurred not only due to reduction in physical activity but also due to increased intake of saturated fats and decreased intake of staple foods. There is a rapid increase in cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels while HDL levels are low. This can be curbed at an early stage by changes in lifestyle and diet. Though various diets have been advised and are being used in western individuals but it is a less looked upon topic in Indians, so in this article we try to look upon physical activity guidelines and dietary patterns advised for Indian population.
Study of serum lipid profile in stroke patients in Northern India
Authors: Rai Onkar Nath , Kumar Amit
Published: September 2017

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. This study was undertaken to establish the role of serum lipid profile in patients of stroke in Northern India.Methods: The study involved 100 patients of stroke who were admitted to B.R.D. medical college, Gorakhpur. The patients were classified as having ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke definitive on the basis of CT scan of head (plain and contrast). Lipid profile estimation was done.Results: Out of 100 patients 46 had hemorrhagic stroke and 54 had Ischemic stroke. Abnormal lipid values were found in 54 patients.  Total cholesterol was abnormal in 83% of ischemic stroke and 17% of hemorrhagic stroke. LDL cholesterol was abnormal in 86% of ischemic stroke and 14% of hemorrhagic stroke.Conclusions: Regular monitor of lipid profile among stroke patients may decrease the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease among the stroke patients.
Study of clinical and radiological profile of pulmonary tuberculosis among patients having diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mohapatra Amrut Kumar , Singh Pratima , Subhankar Saswat
Published: September 2017

Background: Onset of tuberculosis is high among diabetic mellitus patients in relation to non-diabetic patients. Due to weakened immune system there is a greater risk of tuberculosis seen among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. As a result, affected patients have difficulty in responding to any kind of treatment when compared to healthy individuals. The objective was to study the clinical and radiological profile of pulmonary tuberculosis among patients having diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods: The study was conducted at the department of pulmonary medicine, in a tertiary health care centre in Eastern India. The study included smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients with diabetes mellitus and the patients who were smear positive for pulmonary tuberculosis (control group) who met the criteria to participate in the study after a thorough examination. Informed written consent was obtained from all patients before enrolment.Results: A total of 80 patients (15 to 65 years and above) were enrolled in the study with equal numbers being diagnosed with diabetes who had elevated blood sugar values (refer to Table 1). Classical clinical signs were totally correlated with radiography and 57.5% cases showed pulmonary lesions. Among the radiological findings, infiltration was most common in both groups, but more significant in PTB DM group (75 %) followed by cavity (52.5%) in PTB DM group.Conclusions: It can be concluded from the study that in diabetic patients the pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis was significantly different from non-diabetic patients. Pre-treatment bacillary load was high in diabetic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Pattern of physical activity, diet, sleep and yoga in health care physicians. A study from a tertiary care hospital, Pondicherry
Authors: Shankar Sethu Prabhu , Ramya Neelakandan
Published: September 2017

Background: Physical activity, diet pattern and yoga practices are linked with cardiovascular fitness. The objective of this study is to study the pattern of physical activity, diet and yoga practice in health care physicians.Methods: The study was done at a tertiary care hospital in Pondicherry. All adult health care physicians of both sexes working in the hospital and giving informed consent to participate in the study were included. Pregnant physicians and those who are not willing to give written consent for participation in the study were excluded from the study. The study was done as a cross sectional study using a pretested standardised questionnaire. Age, sex, demographic data, height, weight, diet habits, pattern of physical activity, sleep and yoga pattern in all the health care physicians were recorded and studied.Results: Of the total one hundred health care physicians, there were 65 male physicians. Among the female physicians, there were 20 of age 31 to 40 years, Of the 65 male physicians, there were 28 with body mass index of 25 to 29.9. Eight males and four females in the age group of 41 to 50 had abdominal obesity. Eight female physicians were doing regular exercise and nine physicians were doing yoga.Conclusions: They had a poor physical activity pattern, improper diet habits and reduced sleep. Only a few physicians were having the practice of doing yoga. Overweight and abdominal obesity was more prevalent in health care physicians.
Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Bhuj district: a cross sectional study
Authors: Chauhan Vinayak , Buch Kashyap
Published: September 2017

Background: In order to control any disease basic knowledge about the prevalence and risk factors of the particular disease is required.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2600 individuals aged between 25 and 70 years old were recruited. Participants were selected from the general population residing in Bhuj, Gujarat, India via simple random sampling. Demographic data were collected. Urine and blood test were performed, and the glomerular filtration rate was estimated.Results: One hundred and thirty participants (10%) had CKD. The mean age was significantly higher in the CKD group. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significantly more prevalent among the participants with CKD than those without CKD (P < 0.001 for both). Proteinuria was significantly associated with CKD, whereas a history of urinary tract infection, a history of nephrolithiasis, smoking, serum uric acid level, lipid profile, and blood glucose level were not.Conclusions: Overall, it seems that CKD is a common health problem in Gujarat, but further studies in other parts of this country is recommended for the better estimation of CKD prevalence. This study shows the importance of screening for CKD.
Utilization of MCP card for enrichment of knowledge on antenatal care by mothers attending immunization clinic: a hospital based cross-sectional study
Authors: Jena D. , Sabat S. , M. Tripathy R. , K. Mahapatra D.
Published: September 2017

Background: MCP card has been developed as a tool for families to learn, understand and follow positive practices for achieving good health of antenatal mothers and children. It serves as informative tool with pictorial contents for enrichment of mother’s knowledge, which may be a determinant of their practice. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the perception among mothers about antenatal care from MCP card and to associate selected variables of interest with their knowledge. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 mothers attending immunization OPD of MKCG Medical College during June to August 2016. Data was obtained from them by pre-designed and pre-structured questionnaire. Results: 86% have read the MCP card and understood it. Among them 10% have understood it pictorially, 62% have understood it both pictorially and literally. It was found that higher education, multiparity, early pregnancy registration, were statistically significantly associated with adequate knowledge (p<0.05). About various aspects of antenatal care, 90% correctly stated that 2 injections of TT are given in pregnancy but only 12% could say that deworming is done after 3rd month of pregnancy. 86% correctly said bleeding as a danger sign but only 2% knew about pallor as a danger sign. 81% said contacting health worker as an arrangement for emergency labour but only 35% said that they would identify a hospital in advance.  Conclusion: This can be utilized as a tool of health education for counseling during ANC visit at village level in the Anganwadis.
Chocolate consumption and its relation to risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mathew Anil C. , Kishan Somy , Joy Melvin , S. Darshan Manoj , A. Amirthvarshan , R. Senthil Kumar
Published: September 2017

Background: There is a substantial interest in the potential role of chocolate consumption and its association with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to examine the association of consumption of chocolate with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: A case control study was conducted at PSG Hospitals between 1st June 2017 and 1st July 2017. All those who had newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and attended Department of Endocrinology for follow-up visit were the cases and the relatives accompanying them without the history of diabetes were the controls. Chocolate consumption and other dietary factors were elicited. The mediating factors studied were age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), educational levels, smoking status, alcohol consumption, family history of diabetes, potassium intake, magnesium intake and use of statins.Results: After adjusting the potential confounders, chocolate consumption was inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes (p<0.05) with odds ratio of 0.564 (95% CI = 0.32 - 0.98).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that moderate consumption of chocolates (preferably 1 to 2) per week has a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Potential applications of this knowledge include recommendations by health care professionals to encourage individuals to consume a wide range of phytochemical rich foods include chocolates in moderate amounts. The results from our study also suggest that adjusting for mediating factors did not alter the results and hence other unknown factors may explain inverse relation between chocolate consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
24-hour urinary constituents in stone formers: a study from Kashmir
Authors: Raina Adnan Firdous , Bhat Mohd Ashraf , Wani Imtiyaz , Kawaja Majid , Saleem Mosin , Mudasir Syed , Saleem Sheikh Mohd
Published: September 2017

Background: Urolithiasis is a common disorder. Studies have shown that metabolic causes of urolithiasis include hypercalciuria, hypocitraturia, high or low pH of urine, hyperuricosuria, hyperoxaluria and hypomagnesuria. We intended to conduct this study with the aim to provide historical data regarding the 24-hour urinary analysis in this part of India with a distinct and different geographical and cultural background.Methods: A total of 186 patients having urinary stone disease attending the departments of Nephrology and Urology in Sher-I- Kashmir institute of medical sciences were included. 26 healthy members of hospital staff were taken as controls. Demographic and clinico-pathological characteristics of each patient were recorded in a questionnaire. Urine was collected for 24-hours from 186 patients and 26 controls. 10ml sample of this urine collection was stored at 20c0 before processing for urinary parameters.Results: The mean concentration of calcium salts, Magnesium, Oxalate and Uric acid in the 24-hour urinary analysis of urolithiasis patients is higher than that of the normal healthy controls and the relation was statistically significant. On comparing the 24-hour urinary constituents among urolithiasis patients and health controls, the concentration of phosphate was almost equal in both cases and controls while the concentration of oxalate was much higher in cases than controls.Conclusions: In present study hypercalciuria is main cause of renal calculi along with hypocitraturia, hypomagnesuria and hyperphosphaturia in our valley. Measurement of 24-hour urine constituents is still gold standard for evaluation of stone formers.
Bilateral serous papillary adenocarcinoma of fallopian tube: a case report
Authors: M. Sheela K. , Sadashivan Shanta , P. Keerthi C.
Published: September 2017

Primary carcinoma of fallopian tube is rare and accounts for only 0.7-1.5% of all gynecological malignancies. Majority of the patients are postmenopausal with mean age of 61 years. Study present a case of 48-year-old lady, who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo oophorectomy for a clinical diagnosis of fibroid uterus. Histopathological examination revealed, in addition to intramural fibroids, bilateral serous papillary adenocarcinoma of fallopian tube. We present this case due to its rarity.
Conhecimento e uso de indicadores educacionais no município do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Cerdeira Diana Gomes da Silva , Prado Ana Pires do , Rosistolato Rodrigo Pereira da Rocha , Tavares Mayara De Oliveira , Costa Marcio Da
Published: September 2017

O objetivo do artigo é descrever e analisar os resultados de uma pesquisa em que buscávamos saber se havia relação entre o conhecimento técnico sobre as avaliações em larga escala e o uso efetivo dos indicadores por elas produzidos. Articulamos abordagem qualitativa – grupos focais e observação sistemática no âmbito de um curso de formação para gestores escolares – e quantitativa – web survey realizado com diretores, vice-diretores e coordenadores pedagógicos de escolas da rede municipal de educação do Rio de Janeiro. Nosso principal argumento é que a ampliação do conhecimento sobre os sistemas de avaliação em larga escala tende a reduzir as resistências e permitir que as equipes de gestão escolar incorporem os dados como orientadores de suas ações práticas.

 

 
Analysing the Definition of Disability in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: is it really based on a 'Social Model' approach?
Authors: Kazou Katerina
Published: September 2017

This article challenges the generally accepted view that the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006 (CRPD) is based on the ‘social model of disability’. The ‘social model’ understands disability as a social situation, and particularly a form of social oppression imposed on people with impairments, which is caused by social and environmental barriers that exclude them from participating in society and which is entirely distinguished from their individual impairment. The article argues that the definition of disability in the CRPD is closer to the definition provided in WHO’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The ICF understands disability as the multi-dimensional and interactive experience of a wide range of difficulties in functioning; in particular, these difficulties include impairments, limitations in performing activities and restrictions in participating in life situations, and arise out of the complex interaction between health conditions, personal factors and barriers in the physical and social environment. Associating the CRPD with the ICF rather than the ‘social model’ might have positive implications for its implementation, as it can avoid the criticism faced by the ‘social model’ for its limitations, especially for considering impairment as being entirely irrelevant to the experience of disability, and therefore governments and policy makers might be less sceptical towards the CRPD and more willing to engage with it. At the same time, the valuable insights of the ‘social model’ regarding the disabling effect of social and environmental barriers can be retained, as the ICF recognises this too, but without ignoring the relevance of impairment to the experience of disability or minimising the health needs of persons with disabilities.
Editorial
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino
Published: September 2017

Esta é mais uma edição especial que a ETD – Educação Temática Digital – lançapara a sua apreciação! Desta vez, a contribuição vem de Sobral, Ceará. A temática abordada é sobre: “Juventude, Cultura, Diversidade e Subjetividade”, dossiê organizado pela professora e pesquisadora Andrea Abreu Astigarraga, da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA) e contará, com 3 (três) artigos, 3 (três) pesquisas e 1 (um) relato de experiência.
Editorial English
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino
Published: September 2017

This is another special edition that ETD - Digital Thematic Education –launches for your appreciation! This time, the contribution comes from Sobral, Ceará State. The topic addressed is "Youth, Culture, Diversity and Subjectivity", dossier organized by the professor and researcher Andrea Abreu Astigarraga from State University of Acaraú Valley (UVA). It brings 3 (three) articles, (3) three researches and 1 (one) experience report.
Estratégias de acesso ao Ensino Superior entre jovens universitários com experiência de trabalho na infância
Authors: Astigarraga Andrea Abreu
Published: September 2017

Este artigo aborda o modus operandi de jovens egressos do Ensino Superior, oriundos da zona rural, com experiência de trabalho na infância e que acessaram os cursos elitizados da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Sobral, Ceará. A pesquisa autobiográfica dialogada foi relevante, tendo em vista que, em suas histórias de vida, as estratégias pessoais e familiares preponderaram diante do contexto de pobreza, subsistência, desde a infância, no Ensino Fundamental, passando pela adolescência, no Ensino Médio, à juventude, na Universidade. As principais estratégias verificadas em suas narrativas estão relacionadas com o capital social (relações interpessoais), os saberes e os valores transmitidos pela família. Verifica-se a urgência de políticas públicas de inclusão no Ensino Superior, para atender a uma demanda considerável de pessoas que não têm acesso a ela ou a acessam com muitas dificuldades, principalmente na UVA que, por ser universidade de âmbito estadual, não aplica as novas políticas “democráticas” do Ensino Superior, tais como ENEM e PROUNI. Os resultados da pesquisa poderão ser aplicados tanto no âmbito micro quanto no macro. O micro espaço da sala de aula pode sofrer grande influência no processo ensino-aprendizagem, quando se conhecem as estratégias escolares utilizadas pelos alunos. A administração central da universidade, visando ao planejamento estratégico de instâncias administrativas, tais como Pró-Reitoria de Graduação, Assuntos Estudantis, Iniciação Científica e Pesquisa, também poderá beneficiar-se deste estudo para a avaliação institucional.
Juventude, espaços de formação e modos de vida
Authors: Sales Celecina de Maria Veras
Published: September 2017

Os jovens rurais têm diferentes inserções na sociedade. Considerando essas diversidades, pretende-se conhecer seus espaços de formação (escola, família, movimentos sociais), apreendendo as singularidades, as variações e as multiplicidades de suas práticas. Como os jovens na escola, nos cursos de formação, na família, no cotidiano, estão criando e recriando modos de vida? Como os jovens rurais constituem seus espaços de formação e sociabilidade, como exercitam corpo e o pensamento e como canalizam desejos, sonhos e ações afirmativas?
Culturas juvenis, mídias e consumo: mediações em educação
Authors: Bomfim Maria do Carmo Alves do , Conceição Luzineide dos Santos
Published: September 2017

Estudos recentes têm enfocado a cultura juvenil, entretanto há lacunas quanto aos desejos dos jovens. O presente estudo registra resultados de pesquisas do Observatório de Juventudes, Cultura de Paz e Violências na Escola – OBJUVE da Universidade Federal do Piauí, especificamente sobre as práticas dos grupos de Hip Hop Vida na Periferia “Vida P” e Movimento pela Paz na Periferia “MP 3” e outra pesquisa sobre “Juventudes, Mídias e Violências”, objetivando compreender as mediações formativas na construção das identidades das/os jovens envolvidas/os em práticas em tais práticas de sociabilidades. São referências teóricas desse trabalho os estudos de Adad (2004), Fischer (2008), Catani e Gilioli (2008), Bomfim (2006), Sposito (2003) dentre outras, que foi operacionalizado por meio de observação nos espaços onde se encontravam os sujeitos dessas pesquisas e de aplicação de questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas. Como resultados podemos registrar que as identidades dos/as jovens da periferia de Teresina são construídas em meio a grupos de amigos, dos movimentos de que participam e de colegas do espaço escolar através de atividades culturais específicas (cine-periferia, teatro, danças etc.) mediadas por ações formativas planejadas. Não obstante essa formação, os/as jovens sofrem forte influência de atrativos para consumo mercadológico via instituições midiáticas, além de reforçarem práticas de violência.
Editorial
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino
Published: September 2017

Estamos lançando mais uma edição da ETD – Educação Temática Digital, (v.12, n.1, 2010), composta por sete ARTIGOS, oito DOSSIÊS e por um ENSAIO. Agradecemos ao Prof. Dr. Alexandre Filordi de Carvalho da UNIFESP por sua disponibilidade em organizar este número com grande empenho e dedicação trazendo como temática: “Foucault e a educação: é preciso pensar e agir de outros modos”.
Notas sobre modernidade, pedagogia e infância a partir de Michel Foucault
Authors: Resende Haroldo de
Published: September 2017

Busca-se explorar, em alguns aspectos, a relação entre a pedagogia, entendida como ciência da educação, situada no campo das ciências humanas e a infância como objeto desta ciência, no engendramento da Modernidade. Discute-se, então, a “captura” da infância pelo saber pedagógico com seu estatuto de cientificidade, na emergência das ciências do homem, entendendo que a educação moderna com seu modelo escolar calcado em técnicas disciplinares e no controle faz da própria escola um laboratório para a pedagogia. Em certo sentido, indaga-se como a criança entra em cena aberta pelas ciências humanas sob o olhar da pedagogia, de maneira que o que hoje se diz sobre a criança e sobre sua própria história acaba sendo marcadamente caracterizado por concepção de uma infância atemporal, ingênua, sem voz.
Por uma interlocução interpelante entre Foucault e a psicanálise nas críticas às práticas educacionais
Authors: Silva Eduardo Pinto e
Published: September 2017

Propõe-se uma crítica radical às práticas educacionais a partir de uma interlocução interpelante entre Foucault e a psicanálise. Foucault aborda os temas da loucura, saber, poder e ética, tendo como pano de fundo uma crítica à sociedade disciplinar, às instituições e à normalização operada pela psiquiatria e psicanálise. Freud aborda a dinâmica dos conflitos psíquicos contrapondo-se ao saber médico de sua época, de modo a elaborar uma teoria sobre o inconsciente. O resgate das críticas de Foucault a Freud é fundamental à proposição deste artigo. O diálogo entre as críticas foucaultianas e psicanalíticas à educação e suas possíveis contribuições às transformações de suas práticas só se faz possível e potencializado quando se leva em conta as pertinentes críticas de Foucault à psicanálise. Por outro lado, faz-se necessário admitir que o campo psicanalítico, interlocutor permanente de Foucault, pode, em certa medida, vir a ser um aliado ao projeto filosófico deste último, quer seja em função do descentramento em relação à visão do sujeito racional, quer seja pela crítica às instituições, de modo a promover formas de se pensar e agir diferentes das que geralmente se objetivam nas práticas escolares e na vida cotidiana.
Robust Control Examples Applied to a Wind Turbine Simulated Model
Authors: Simani Silvio , Castaldi Paolo
Published: September 2017

Wind turbine plants are complex dynamic and uncertain processes driven by stochastic inputs and disturbances, as well as different loads represented by gyroscopic, centrifugal, and gravitational forces. Moreover, as their aerodynamic models are nonlinear, both modelling and control become challenging problems. On one hand, high-fidelity simulators should contain different parameters and variables in order to accurately describe the main dynamic system behaviour. Therefore, the development of modelling and control for wind turbine systems should consider these complexity aspects. On the other hand, these control solutions have to include the main wind turbine dynamic characteristics without becoming too complicated. The main point of this paper is thus to provide two practical examples of development of robust control strategies when applied to a simulated wind turbine plant. Experiments with the wind turbine simulator and the Monte–Carlo tools represent the instruments for assessing the robustness and reliability aspects of the developed control methodologies when the model-reality mismatch and measurement errors are also considered. Advantages and drawbacks of these regulation methods are also highlighted with respect to different control strategies via proper performance metrics.
Ante-mortem and post-mortem tuberculosis diagnostics in three European Bison from the enclosure in Bukowiec in the Bieszczady National Park in Poland
Authors: Anusz Krzysztof , Orłowska Blanka , Krajewska-Wędzina Monika , Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa , Krzysiak Michał , Bielecki Wojciech , Witkowski Lucjan , Welz Mirosław , Kita Jerzy
Published: September 2017

The ante-mortem diagnostics of tuberculosis in wildlife constitutes a major problem due to the difficulties in collecting samples for examination. Therefore, tuberculosis in free-living animals is usually diagnosed post mortem. Ante-mortem examinations for bovine tuberculosis (BTB) were conducted in three European bison living in an acclimatisation enclosure in Bukowiec in the Bieszczady National Park in Poland. The reason for performing these examinations was the documented contact between the aforementioned animals and tuberculous European bison from a free-living herd present in the area. The three European bison were pharmacologically immobilised. Next, their blood samples were collected for immunological studies (interferon-gamma release assays), complete blood count and blood biochemistry tests. Moreover, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from the lower respiratory tract, two nasal cavity swabs and one throat swab were taken from each animal. Tuberculin testing was also performed. The findings of all these examinations indicated the possible infection of the European bison with the tubercle bacillus. Ultimately, the decision was taken to euthanize the animals.
Using a three-tier model to optimize the allocation of river water resources to meet eco-environmental water requirement targets
Authors: Wu Ze-ning , Cao Qian-qian , Lv Cui-mei , Wang Hui-liang , Jiang Zi-hao
Published: September 2017

It is difficult to simultaneously manage the dynamic demands for river water quality and quantity, and reconcile the contradiction between socio-economic and eco-environmental water consumption. As a solution, we proposed a three-tier model to optimize the distribution of river water resources. Using three constraint conditions, namely the ratio of wastewater to clean water, the eco-environmental water requirements of each node and the use of wetland projects, we determined various water quantity and quality allocation scenarios. We tested the model on the Qingyi River, and found that, for the recommended scenario that involved enhanced water-saving, a wastewater/clean water ratio and wetlands, more than 80% of the eco-environmental water requirements of each node except for the Luma section were achieved for each month. While the water quality in some individual river sections did not meet the standards for a few months of the year, the water quality of the remaining sections could be improved from class V, the current state, to class IV, and ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) standards could be achieved 82% and 96% of the time, respectively. These results show that the proposed model is effective and fit for purpose.
Estimation and evaluation of auto-flocculated algae harvesting efficiency using the population balance in turbulence model in flotation process
Authors: Kwak Dong-Heui , Kim Mi-Sug
Published: September 2017

Algae are considered water pollutants because they form algal blooms in stagnant water. Algae harvesting technology, however, can help convert them into a useful industrial material like biomass. The core technique (flocculation) separates microalgae from other flocculants, allowing for the harvest of clean and pure algal biomass. This study aims to estimate and evaluate algal separation (removal or harvesting) efficiency (X) to concurrently obtain the objectives of algal bloom management and algal particle collection. To simulate algal separation by auto-flocculation (no flocculants) related flotation, the population balance in turbulence (PBT) model is used. Model simulations are conducted under optimal conditions provided by previous studies about the biological impact factors of algae, operating parameters of the flotation process, and so on. This modeling study determines the efficiency (X) of separating algae from the water body in the separation zone after forming auto-flocculated bubble–floc agglomerates by making them collide and attach to each other in the contact zone of the flotation tank. The X is examined as a function of size distribution of agglomerates and bubbles and of the number of initially injected bubbles. Optimal conditions for forming and harvesting the agglomerates may be found through further modeling studies.
Necessary borders for negotiation: the role of translation
Authors: Ar Rouz David
Published: September 2017

Translation is usually deemed to help bridge gaps but seldom thought of as a means of strengthening or, at least, highlighting borders. The present article uses the example of translations involving the Breton language in order to show that translation may favour negotiation by both helping negotiators to understand each other and having them recognise the social border that makes them different. The article explains firstly the author’s understanding of borders and negotiation. Secondly, the case of translation from and into Breton is examined. And finally, the discussion is extended to the European institutions, where European language policy also illustrates the dual function of translation in negotiation. The example of Breton evidences that translation fosters social distinction, language development and cooperation. At the EU level, the same roles are assumed by translation services and they contribute moreover to the legitimacy of the institutions and to the exercise of democracy. Such a conclusion invites to consider translation as an adequate means to manage language and cultural differences, even compared to language learning. It may be used, then, to deal with pressing issues such as the current migration flows to Europe.
IMPACTO DO PET-SAÚDE NA FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Mira Quitéria Lívia Muniz , Barreto Raissa Mont' Alverne , Vasconcelos Maristela Inês Osawa
Published: September 2017

O Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde é uma ação intersetorial direcionada para o fortalecimento de áreas estratégicas para o Sistema Único de Saúde. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar as contribuições e limitações do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde na formação de estudantes da área da saúde. Realizou-se revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americano e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. A limitação temporal compreendeu os anos de 2008 a 2014. Do levantamento, resultaram 14 artigos, sendo estabelecidas três categorias temáticas mediante análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que o Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde é ferramenta transformadora da formação profissional por possibilitar a integração ensino-serviço-comunidade pautada na interdisciplinaridade e por propiciar um preparo profissional voltado para as necessidades do Sistema Único de Saúde. Algumas limitações foram apontadas, como a indisponibilidade de tempo acadêmico para a atuação no Programa, a não colaboração dos profissionais, o insuficiente engajamento dos preceptores nas atividades propostas e a atuação multiprofissional fragmentada. Concluiu-se que o Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde propôs uma ótica peculiar para a articulação ensino-serviço-comunidade, procurando integrar os estudantes dos cursos de graduação aos serviços públicos de saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde, principalmente aqueles relacionados à atenção primária, a fim de possibilitar a prática de novas experiências.

Palavras-chave: Educação superior. Sistema Único de Saúde. Serviços de integração docente-assistencial.
AVALIAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO DE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS SOBRE MEDICINA ALTERNATIVA
Authors: Almeida Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva , Damasceno Camila Mahara Dias , Dantas Milla Gabriela Belarmino , Saraiva Sarah Raquel Gomes de Lima , Teles Roxana Braga de Andrade , Faria Marcelo Domingues de
Published: September 2017

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o conhecimento de estudantes universitários sobre medicina alternativa. A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo de cunho descritivo, com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Realizou-se um minicurso sobre medicina alternativa/complementar e suas terapias, com ênfase na fitoterapia, e aplicou-se um questionário antes e após as aulas. Um total de 17 alunos participaram da pesquisa. Os resultados apontaram que mais da metade dos alunos afirmou desconhecer a Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares no Sistema Único de Saúde; 35,29% afirmaram não conhecer nenhuma terapia alternativa/complementar; 11,76% relataram que conheciam alguma terapia, mas não exemplificaram; e apenas 17,64% disseram já ter utilizado alguma terapia alternativa. Após a realização do minicurso, foi perceptível a aprendizagem dos alunos com a aplicação de um novo questionário, no qual todos afirmaram conhecer alguma terapia alternativa, possibilitando ampliar o conhecimento dos estudantes sobre as práticas terapêuticas existentes. Todos aprenderam sobre etnofarmacologia e a diferença entre medicamento alopático e homeopático, dúvida que existia para alguns. No pré-teste, a maioria desconhecia o que era termalismo/crenoterapia, mas após o curso, todos afirmaram ter conhecimento sobre o tema. Concluiu-se que os estudantes universitários pouco conhecem sobre medicina alternativa, práticas integrativas e complementares, as quais, apesar de receberem incentivos do Ministério da Saúde, ainda são pouco contempladas nas universidades.

Palavras-chave: Terapias complementares. Medicina tradicional. Saúde holística.
PROBLEMÁTICAS ALIMENTARES NA INFÂNCIA: INTERVENÇÕES A PARTIR DO BRINCAR NA SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Maranhão Joyce Hilario , Martins Karla Patrícia Holanda
Published: September 2017

O brincar, por meio de desenhos e jogos, é considerado uma produção narrativa necessária ao trabalho clínico e de intervenção, uma vez que, na brincadeira, há o deslocamento de sentidos, dando à criança a oportunidade de criação de modos de se posicionar no discurso parental, de simbolizar dificuldades, conflitos e angústias. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o lugar do brincar para a constituição do sujeito psíquico em crianças assistidas por uma instituição não governamental que oferece serviços de assistência e saúde a crianças que apresentam riscos nutricionais (desnutrição ou obesidade) e a suas famílias. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa que utilizou a entrevista como instrumento de coleta de dados, orientada pela Avaliação Psicanalítica aos três anos, que versa sobre sintomas clínicos concernentes a formações psíquicas inconscientes na primeira infância. Os resultados indicaram que as produções discursivas das crianças em suas brincadeiras e falas, bem como as narrativas dos pais, trouxeram indícios do modo como essas crianças estão organizando-se psiquicamente e também alguns apontamentos sobre dificuldades na relação cuidador-criança, quanto à posição da criança no discurso parental e ao sintoma alimentar. Concluiu-se que existe a necessidade de criação e sustentação de serviços públicos capazes de investir na intervenção a tempo com crianças pequenas que apresentem algum tipo de impasse no desenvolvimento.

Palavras-chave: Problemáticas alimentares. Infância. Saúde pública. Brincar. Psicanálise.
FATORES DE RISCO E USO DE MEDICAMENTOS EM DIABÉTICOS DE TRÊS MUNICÍPIOS DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Bobek Maira Lúcia , Bandeira Vanessa Adelina Casali , Heck Ritiele , Girardi Camila Ely , Schallemberger Janaína Barden , Colet Christiane de Fátima
Published: September 2017

O monitoramento dos fatores de risco e o uso de medicamentos em diabéticos tipo 2 vem sendo analisado devido ao crescimento da doença. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar o perfil de medicamentos usados por diabéticos tipo 2 e a prevalência de fatores de risco associados à doença. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico, por meio de entrevistas com diabéticos participantes de grupos de convivência em Estratégias Saúde da Família de três municípios do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, buscando a identificação de características socioeconômicas, condições de saúde, hábitos de vida, uso de medicamento e medida da pressão arterial, glicemia capilar e avaliação antropométrica. A amostragem foi de 141 usuários, com idade média de 68±11,22 anos, predomínio do sexo feminino e renda de um a dois salários mínimos. Os fatores de risco mais encontrados foram: sobrepeso, hipertensão e hereditariedade. Em relação ao uso de medicamentos, a média por entrevistado foi de 4,29 e 96,5% retiram seus medicamentos em serviços públicos de saúde. Assim, concluiu-se que a educação em saúde, por meio de atendimentos individuais ou de grupos, auxilia na efetividade do tratamento do diabete tipo 2, pois promove mudanças de estilo de vida, conhecimento da doença e das medidas terapêuticas adequadas ao cotidiano paciente, o que pode favorecer sua autonomia e a capacidade de cuidar de si.

Palavras-chave: Diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Estratégia de saúde da família. Fatores de risco. Uso de medicamentos.
Defense mechanisms and quality of life in military personnel with burnout syndrome
Authors: Vojvodic Aleksandra , Dedic Gordana , Djukic-Dejanovic Slavica
Published: September 2017

Background/Aim. Professional military personnel are exposed to a number of stressors during the war as well as in peacetime conditions that can cause some hidden or manifest disorders, especially anxiety and depression, but also the development of a burnout syndrome. The aim of our investigation was to determine the defense mechanisms and subjective assessment of quality of life and anxiety in professional military personnel of the Serbian Armed Forces with the burnout syndrome. Methods. The cross-sectional study included a total of 55 professional military personnel, from 25 to 55 years of age, without current mental problem. In the investigation, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40), World Health Organization Abbreviated Instrument for Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF) and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used. The statistical analysis included parametric and nonparametric descriptive statistics. Results. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were present in 10.9% of subjects and in 12.7% of subjects respectively, in moderate level, while personal accomplishment was present in 21.8% of subjects of high level. Humor was higher in the subjects with a moderate level of burnout on the personal accomplishment (PA) scale and altruism in the subjects with a low level of burnout on the depersonalization (DP) scale as well as acting-out and rationalization on the PA scale in the subjects with a moderate level of burnout. High level of anxiety was present in 14.5% of subjects. Conclusion. Professional military personnel with lower level of burnout were less anxious, use mature defense mechanisms and have a perception of better quality of life. When burnout is diagnosed, psychological interventions requires training through the adoption of mechanisms for overcoming everyday stress, which may affect the reduction of anxiety and the improvement of the quality of life. Professional assistance, including psychotherapy is required in severe cases.
The concentration of matrix metalloproteinase 9 in the tumor and peritumoral tissue as prognostic marker in breast cancer patients
Authors: Cvetkovic Danijela , Milosevic Bojan , Cvetkovic Aleksandar , Ninkovic Srdjan , Jovankic Jovana , Jovanovic Dalibor , Markovic Snezana
Published: September 2017

Background/Aim. Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women all over the world. Tumor microenvironment represents one of the main regulators of tumorigenesis. We investigated the role of matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-9) concentration in peritumoral tissue as a prognostic marker in the breast cancer patients. Methods. The ELISA test was used to determine a total MMP-9 concentration in carcinoma and peritumoral tissue sample in the patients with breast cancer. Comparison of MMP-9 protein expression with the clinicopathological parameters was evaluated. Results. Peritumoral tissue at 3 cm distance from the tumor produces more MMP-9 than the tumor itself. The ratio of concentrations of MMP-9 in the tumor and peritumoral tissue considerably changes in favor of peritumoral tissue with the increase of tumor size and the involvement of axillary lymph nodes. In N0 stage, the concentration ratio of MMP-9 in the tumor and peritumoral tissues was 1 : 1.44, but in the N2 stage, the ratio was 1 : 26.5. Conclusion. In patients with breast cancer even in an early stadium there is a change in MMP-9 concentration in peritumoral tissue. We can extract the group of patients at increased risk for the development of lymph node metastasis. A statistically significant difference between the concentrations of MMP-9 in the peritumoral tissue and cancer tissue exists only in case of metastatic disease not in MO stadium implying need for early detection of still unknown metastases in such patients.
In vitro investigation of erosive effect of carbonated beverages on enamel and dentin
Authors: Panic Zorica , Stojsin Ivana , Jankovic Ognjenka , Vukoje Karolina , Brkanic Tatjana , Tadic-Latinovic Ljiljana
Published: September 2017

Background/Aim. Excessive consumption of acidic dietary substances, such as carbonated beverages, increased the chances of dental erosion. The aim of this study was to determine influence of carbonated beverages on enamel and dentin, during different intervals. Methods. Sixty samples were obtained from fifteen impacted third molars. Tooth crown was divided into four parts. One part was a control sample, immersed in destilled water and other three parts were the experimental samples, stored in the following tested beverages: carbonated water, Coca-Cola and Schweppes Bitter Lemon. For each beverage, pH was measured before immersion of the samples. The first group of twenty samples were analysed and photographed, using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), after 60 minutes, the second group after 24 hours and the third group after 7 days of exposure to drinks. The enamel was analysed on the outer surface of the cusps and longitudinal section. Dentin was analysed on longitudinal section. An individually adopted scale was used for determination of the degree of erosive changes of these dental tissues. The data were analysed using the analysis of varance (ANOVA). Results. The pH levels of the tested beverages was bellow the critical pH for enamel demineralisation. The SEM images showed different intensity of erosive changes caused by the tested beverages. The analysis by ANOVA revealed a significant difference between all groups of the treated samples, after 60 minutes of exposure to beverages. The highest values of erosive changes showed the samples that were immersed in Schweppes Bitter Lemon. The analysis of the samples after 24 hours and 7 days showed that the samples immersed in Coca-Cola and Schweppes Bitter Lemon can be classified as one group that was statistically significantly different compared with the control samples and samples immersed in carbonated water. Conclusion. Prolonged exposure of dental tissue to carbonated beverages cause erosive changes and a loss of surface profile.
In vitro cytotoxicity assessment of the 3D printed polymer based epoxy resin intended for use in dentistry
Authors: Puskar Tatjana , Trifkovic Branka , Djurovic-Koprivica Daniela , Kojic Vesna , Jevremovic Ana , Mirkovic Sinisa , Eggbeer Dominic
Published: September 2017

Background/Aim. There is limited published evidence on the cytotoxicity of 3D
printed polymer materials for dentistry applications, despite that they are
now being widely used in medicine. Stereolithography (SLA) is one of the
foremost 3D processes used in 3D printing, yet there are only a small number
of resin materials reported to be suitable for medical applications. The aim
of this study was to investigate, in vitro, the cytotoxic effect of the 3D
printed resin in order to establish the suitability for its usage in
dentistry and related medical applications such as surgical dental guides,
occlusal splits and orthodontic devices. Methods. To examine the cytotoxicity
of the 3D printed polymer-based epoxy resin, Accura? ClearVue? (3D-Systems,
USA), two cell cultures were used: mouse fibroblasts L929 and human lung
fibroblasts MRC-5. Cell viability was determined by Mosmann's colorimetric
(MTT) test and the agar diffusion test (ADT). Results. Direct contact of the
tested material with ADT test showed nontoxic effects of tested material in
any cell culture. The tested material showed no cytotoxic effect after 3 days
of extraction of the eluate by MTT test, but mild cytotoxic effect after 5, 7
and 21 days on both cell lines. The cytotoxicity increased with increasing
the time of the eluate extraction. Conclusion. 3D printed polymer-based epoxy
resin, Accura? ClearVue? (3D-Systems, USA) is considered appropriate for
making surgical dental implant guides according to the cytotoxic behavior.
According to the mild level of cytotoxicity after the longer extraction
periods, there is a need for further evaluation of biocompatibility for its
application for occlusal splints and orthodontic devices.