bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long Noncoding RNAs of the Arterial Wall as Therapeutic Agents and Targets in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Holdt Lesca M. , Kohlmaier Alexander , Teupser Daniel
Published: July 2019

Long noncoding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) have been defined as transcripts which are > 200 ribonucleotides in size and are not translated into protein. Recent work has shown that many lncRNAs do have specific molecular functions and biological effects, and are involved in a growing number of diseases, including atherosclerosis. As a consequence, lncRNAs are also becoming interesting targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we focus on lncRNAs which are expressed in the arterial wall, and describe potential RNA therapeutic approaches of atherosclerosis by manipulating lncRNAs without affecting genome deoxyribonucleic acid content: Starting out with an overview of all lncRNAs that have so far been implicated in atherosclerosis by in vivo studies, we describe methodologies for their activation, inactivation, and RNA sequence manipulation. We continue by addressing how artificial (nonnative) therapeutic lncRNAs may be designed, and which molecular functions these designer lncRNAs may exploit. We conclude with an outlook on approaches for chemical lncRNA modification, RNA mass production, and site-specific therapeutic delivery.
Correlation of Site and Size of Tympanic Membrane Perforation and Middle Ear Air Space Volume with Magnitude of Hearing Loss
Authors: Virk Ramandeep Singh , Kudawla Krishan , Bansal Sandeep , Rathod Ramya , Behera Samarendra
Published: July 2019

Introduction The effects of tympanic membrane perforations on middle ear sound transmission are not well characterized, largely because ears with perforations typically have additional pathological changes. It has been established that the larger the perforation, the greater is the hearing loss (HL).

Aim This study aimed to correlate the location and size of tympanic membrane perforation and middle ear air space volume with the magnitude of HL in patients with tubotympanic or inactive mucosal type of chronic otitis media (COM).

Materials and Methods A prospective clinical study of patients with tympanic membrane perforations due to COM and without any other ear disease and who attended the Otolaryngology services at our institute between July 2010 and December 2011 was conducted. A total of 300 ears were evaluated by performing otoendoscopy, followed by photo documentation and audiological investigations (pure-tone audiometry and tympanometry). Tympanic membrane perforations were categorized based on their size and location, and the mean air-bone (AB) gap between the various types of perforations was compared and statistically analyzed with significance level of p < 0.05.

Results Out of 300 ears, maximum number of ears (n = 124, 41.3%) had large-sized perforations (> 30 mm2) that had a maximum mean AB gap of 26.43 dB, and minimum number of ears (n = 60, 20%) had small-sized perforations (0–9 mm2) that had minimum mean AB gap of 9.12 dB. The remaining were medium-sized perforations that had mean AB gap of 16.13 dB. Depending on the location, maximum were central perforations (n = 198, 66%) and minimum were anterosuperior (AS) perforations (n = 9, 3%). Based on the middle ear volume on tympanometry, maximum ears were of low-volume group (n = 246, 92%) that had larger mean AB gap of 19.96 dB HL when compared with the high-volume group (n = 24, 8%) with 11.80 dB HL. AB gap was maximum at lower frequencies and decreased with increase in frequencies except at 4,000 Hz, that is, 56.9 dB HL at 250 Hz, 42.6 at 500 Hz, 41.5 at 1,000 Hz, 32.4 at 2,000 Hz, and 49.5 at 4,000 Hz.

Conclusion HL increases as the area of tympanic membrane perforation increases. There is an inverse relationship between HL and middle ear air space volume. Comparing the small-sized perforations at different sites with the middle ear volume being low, it was found that posterosuperior (PS) perforations had 4 to 7 dB greater HL than AS and anteroinferior (AI). However, the relationship was statistically insignificant. The phase cancellation effect of round window causing greater HL in posteroinferior (PI) perforations does not exist in small- and medium-sized perforations. HL is greater at lower frequencies and less at higher frequencies.
Differential Diagnosis of Vertigo in Children
Authors: Bhandari Anita , Goswami Arpana
Published: July 2019

Introduction Vertigo and balance disorders can affect all age groups. It is common to misdiagnose the cause of dizziness in children, which eventually results in the delay of treatment. The purpose of this study was to review the clinical characteristics and neurotological evaluation of vertigo in patients younger than 16 years and assist in making a differential diagnosis for children with vertigo and balance disorders. The differential diagnosis can help determine the correct management strategy to treat vertigo and imbalance in pediatric patients.

Methods Children and adolescents presenting with a chief complaint of vertigo or unsteadiness to Vertigo and Ear Clinic, Jaipur, were selected for this study on the basis of clinical history, physical examination, and neurotological evaluation.

Results A total of 90 patients with a mean age of 10.67 years were evaluated. The most common cause associated with vertigo or dizziness was found to be vestibular migraine seen in 38 participants of this study. This was followed by unilateral peripheral vestibulopathy in 15 patients, bilateral peripheral vestibulopathy in 11 patients, and central vestibulopathy in 6 patients. Vertigo was also seen to be associated with various other disorders.

Conclusion Vertigo in children must be recognized as a definite symptom, which should be taken seriously by the clinician and family. Pediatric vertigo can be due to many etiologies. History and evaluation are the only way to diagnose the etiology and site of lesion. This will prevent misdiagnosis and delay in the treatment, which can ultimately lead to deterioration of the quality of life.
Characterization of the phase sensitivity, visibility, and resolution in a symmetric neutron grating interferometer
Authors: Kim Youngju , Kim Jongyul , Kim Daeseung , Hussey Daniel. S. , Lee Seung Wook
Published: July 2019

A symmetric Talbot-Lau neutron grating interferometer has been developed for achieving high phase sensitivity. The gratings for the interferometer have been designed by maximizing the intergrating distances available at the experimental facility and optimizing the period of the gratings. The phase sensitivity in a Talbot-Lau grating interferometer has been mathematically modeled and analyzed and compared with experimental data. Evaluation experiments have been performed at the cold neutron imaging facility of the NIST Center for Neutron Research. The symmetric Talbot-Lau neutron grating interferometer exhibits distinct advantages in terms of high sensitivity and wide range for dark-field contrast imaging. Also, the fabrication of gratings is made easier, simpler, and more economical by the Gadox powder filling method, which gives them excellent phase contrast compared with other geometric Talbot-Lau neutron grating interferometers.
Non-spherical equilibrium shapes in the liquid drop model
Authors: Frank Rupert L.
Published: July 2019

We prove the existence of a family of volume-constrained critical points of the liquid drop functional, which are cylindrically but not spherically symmetric. This family bifurcates from the ball and exchanges stability with it. We justify a formula of Bohr and Wheeler for the energy of these sets.
Non-adiabatic membrane voltage fluctuations driven by two ligand-gated ion channels
Authors: Fan Yan-Hua , Wang Jia-Zeng
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we construct a piecewise deterministic Markov process to model the membrane voltage fluctuations driven by two ligand-gated channels. The series-solution method is applied to the third-order ordinary differential equations to get its general solutions. Also, the stationary probability density function (PDF) is just the special solution that satisfies certain boundary conditions. The bifurcation conditions of the PDF at the boundary are obtained analytically. As an application, the PDF is used to calculate the power dissipation of the ionic currents in the (nonequilibrium) steady states.
Self-consistent pedestal prediction for JET-ILW in preparation of the DT campaign
Authors: Saarelma S. , Frassinetti L. , Bilkova P. , Challis C. D. , Chankin A. , Fridström R. , Garzotti L. , Horvath L. , Maggi C. F. ,   JET Contributors
Published: July 2019

The self-consistent core-pedestal prediction model of a combination of EPED1 type pedestal prediction and a simple stiff core transport model is able to predict Type I ELMy (edge localized mode) pedestals of a large JET-ILW (ITER-like wall) database at the similar accuracy as is obtained when the experimental global plasma β is used as input. The neutral penetration model [R. J. Groebner et al., Phys. Plasmas 9, 2134 (2002)] with corrections that take into account variations due to gas fueling and plasma triangularity is able to predict the pedestal density with an average error of 15%. The prediction of the pedestal pressure in hydrogen plasma that has higher core heat diffusivity compared to a deuterium plasma with similar heating and fueling agrees with the experiment when the isotope effect on the stability, the increased diffusivity, and outward radial shift of the pedestal are included in the prediction. However, the neutral penetration model that successfully predicts the deuterium pedestal densities fails to predict the isotope effect on the pedestal density in hydrogen plasmas.
Schottky-barrier thin-film transistors based on HfO2-capped InSe
Authors: Wang Yiming , Zhang Jiawei , Liang Guangda , Shi Yanpeng , Zhang Yifei , Kudrynskyi Zakhar R. , Kovalyuk Zakhar D. , Patanè Amalia , Xin Qian , Song Aimin
Published: July 2019

Indium selenide (InSe) is an emerging two-dimensional semiconductor and a promising candidate for next generation thin film transistors (TFTs). Here, we report on Schottky barrier TFTs (SB-TFTs) in which a 0.9-nm-thick HfO2 dielectric layer encapsulates an InSe nanosheet, thus protecting the InSe-channel from the environment and reducing the Schottky-contact resistance through a dielectric dipole effect. These devices exhibit a low saturation source-drain voltage Vsat < 2 V and current densities of up to J = 2 mA/mm, well suited for low-power electronics. We present a detailed analysis of this type of transistor using the Y-function method from which we obtain accurate estimates of the contact resistance and field-effect mobility.
Macro fiber composite-based energy harvester for human knee
Authors: Gao Fei , Liu Gaoyu , Chung Brendon Lik-Hang , Chan Hugo Hung-Tin , Liao Wei-Hsin
Published: July 2019

The harvesting of energy from human motion for portable and wearable electronic devices has received considerable attention. This letter describes a lightweight macrofiber composite (MFC)-based energy harvester for capturing biomechanical energy through the natural motion of the human knee. In the proposed device, a slider-crank mechanism is used to transform the rotary motion of the knee joint to linear motion, and a bending beam is used to transform the linear motion to a bending motion. When walking, a bending deformation is induced in two MFC slices attached to the bending beam, generating electrical energy. To test the performance of the developed device, treadmill tests at various walking speeds and resistive loads are performed. Experimental results show that the lightweight harvester (weighing just 307 g) can generate 1.60 mW without increasing the human effort required for walking. This is expected to significantly promote the usage of biomechanical energy harvesters.
Formation of controllable 1D and 2D periodic surface structures on cobalt by femtosecond double pulse laser irradiation
Authors: Jalil Sohail A. , Yang Jianjun , ElKabbash Mohamed , Cong Cong , Guo Chunlei
Published: July 2019

Controlling the surface morphology at the subwavelength scale is one of the cornerstones of modern nanophotonics. Femtosecond laser-induced surface structuring is a viable technique for the large-scale formation of nano- and microscale structures. A typical example is the formation of one-dimensional laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs), which can lead to strong modifications of optical and wetting properties of the material surface. Creating two-dimensional (2D) patterned structures, however, is a more challenging and rewarding task. Here, we demonstrate a single step method for fabricating various subwavelength structures on the cobalt (Co) surface using different laser fluences (0.12–0.24 J/cm2) and time delay (0–30 ps) between double pulses. More importantly, we can control the geometry and organization of the formed structures demonstrating spherical, triangular, rhombic, and high spatial frequency LIPSSs using two temporally delayed orthogonally polarized femtosecond laser beams. We show that the laser fluence and delay time between the two beams are the controlling parameters for realizing the different surface morphologies. We provide a numerically supported, phenomenological model to explain the formed 2D structures. Our model employs elements from both the scattered surface-wave interference and the self-organization theories that are commonly used to explain uniform surface structures.
Graphene nanocomposite material has potential MRI applications
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: July 2019

Researchers have synthesized a nanocomposite material containing reduced graphene oxide and iron oxide with properties that have potential applications as a contrast agent in biomedical imaging.
Evaluation of a fish-friendly self-cleaning horizontal irrigation screen using autonomous sensors
Authors: Salalila Aljon , Deng Zhiqun Daniel , Martinez Jayson J. , Lu Jun , Baumgartner Lee J.
Published: July 2019

Irrigation modernisation is booming globally because of the increasing demand on water and food. However, irrigation infrastructures can injure fish or entrain them into irrigation water. Screening is an effective method to mitigate fish entrainment. In this study, two autonomous sensor devices, developed and manufactured at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Sensor Fish and its miniaturised version, Sensor Fish Mini) were deployed to evaluate the physical and fish passage conditions of a unique horizontal, flat-plate fish and debris screen (known as the Farmers Screen) that was installed in Oregon, USA. Only 1 of the 27 Sensor Fish Mini releases had a severe acceleration event, whereas 0 of the 37 Sensor Fish releases had severe events. The rates of severe events and amplitudes of accelerations at the Farmers Screen were significantly lower than those at other hydraulic structures, including a fish-friendly surface weir that recorded nearly 100% fish survival. Overall, the results indicated that the Farmers Screens can provide safe downstream passage for fish at irrigation diversions. This study also demonstrated that the Sensor Fish technology, including Sensor Fish Mini, is a suitable technology for evaluating irrigation structures and providing important information for the development of sustainable irrigation.
Root-specific camalexin biosynthesis controls the plant growth-promoting effects of multiple bacterial strains
Authors: Koprivova Anna , Schuck Stefan , Jacoby Richard P. , Klinkhammer Irene , Welter Bastian , Leson Lisa , Martyn Anna , Nauen Julia , Grabenhorst Niklas , Mandelkow Jan F. , Zuccaro Alga , Zeier Jürgen , Kopriva Stanislav
Published: July 2019

Significance

To address mechanisms by which plants control their associated microorganisms, we designed a screen using a bacterial activity in soil. A detailed analysis of a candidate gene from the screen,
CYP71A27
, identified an additional root-specific component of synthesis of camalexin, a natural product involved in plant defense against pathogens. Loss of function of
CYP71A27
affected not only the microbiota in soil but also interactions with single plant growth-promoting bacteria. The loss of the promoting effect in the mutants could be complemented chemically by adding camalexin to the bacteria. Thus, our study identified an additional role for camalexin in facilitating interaction with microbes in the rhizosphere and an additional gene for its synthesis.
Improved detection of gene fusions by applying statistical methods reveals oncogenic RNA cancer drivers
Authors: Dehghannasiri Roozbeh , Freeman Donald E. , Jordanski Milos , Hsieh Gillian L. , Damljanovic Ana , Lehnert Erik , Salzman Julia
Published: July 2019

The extent to which gene fusions function as drivers of cancer remains a critical open question. Current algorithms do not sufficiently identify false-positive fusions arising during library preparation, sequencing, and alignment. Here, we introduce Data-Enriched Efficient PrEcise STatistical fusion detection (DEEPEST), an algorithm that uses statistical modeling to minimize false-positives while increasing the sensitivity of fusion detection. In 9,946 tumor RNA-sequencing datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) across 33 tumor types, DEEPEST identifies 31,007 fusions, 30% more than identified by other methods, while calling 10-fold fewer false-positive fusions in nontransformed human tissues. We leverage the increased precision of DEEPEST to discover fundamental cancer biology. Namely, 888 candidate oncogenes are identified based on overrepresentation in DEEPEST calls, and 1,078 previously unreported fusions involving long intergenic noncoding RNAs, demonstrating a previously unappreciated prevalence and potential for function. DEEPEST also reveals a high enrichment for fusions involving oncogenes in cancers, including ovarian cancer, which has had minimal treatment advances in recent decades, finding that more than 50% of tumors harbor gene fusions predicted to be oncogenic. Specific protein domains are enriched in DEEPEST calls, indicating a global selection for fusion functionality: kinase domains are nearly 2-fold more enriched in DEEPEST calls than expected by chance, as are domains involved in (anaerobic) metabolism and DNA binding. The statistical algorithms, population-level analytic framework, and the biological conclusions of DEEPEST call for increased attention to gene fusions as drivers of cancer and for future research into using fusions for targeted therapy.
Ultraefficient thermophotovoltaic power conversion by band-edge spectral filtering
Authors: Omair Zunaid , Scranton Gregg , Pazos-Outón Luis M. , Xiao T. Patrick , Steiner Myles A. , Ganapati Vidya , Peterson Per F. , Holzrichter John , Atwater Harry , Yablonovitch Eli
Published: July 2019

Significance

Thermophotovoltaic conversion utilizes thermal radiation to generate electricity in a photovoltaic cell. On a solar cell, the addition of a highly reflective rear mirror maximizes the extraction of luminescence, which in turn boosts the voltage. This has enabled the creation of record-breaking solar cells. The rear mirror also reflects low-energy photons back into the emitter, recovering the energy. This radically improves thermophotovoltaic efficiency. Therefore, the luminescence extraction rear mirror serves a dual function; boosting the voltage, and reusing the low-energy thermal photons. Owing to the dual functionality of the rear mirror, we achieve a thermophotovoltaic efficiency of 29.1% at 1,207 °C, a temperature compatible with furnaces, and a new world record at temperatures below 2,000 °C.
Site-specific phosphorylation of myosin binding protein-C coordinates thin and thick filament activation in cardiac muscle
Authors: Ponnam Saraswathi , Sevrieva Ivanka , Sun Yin-Biao , Irving Malcolm , Kampourakis Thomas
Published: July 2019

Significance

Phosphorylation of cardiac myosin binding protein-C (cMyBP-C) is a key regulator of myocardial contractility, and dephosphorylation of cMyBP-C is associated with heart failure. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying contractile regulation by cMyBP-C phosphorylation are poorly understood. We describe the kinase specificity of the multiple phosphorylation sites on cMyBP-C and show that they are interdependent and have distinct effects on the structure of the thin and thick filaments. The results lead to a model of regulation by cMyBP-C phosphorylation through altered affinity of cMyBP-C’s N terminus for thin and thick filaments, as well as their structures and associated regulatory states. Impairment of these mechanisms is likely to underlie the functional effects of mutations in filament proteins associated with cardiomyopathy.
Encapsulation of hydrophobic components in dendrimersomes and decoration of their surface with proteins and nucleic acids
Authors: Torre Paola , Xiao Qi , Buzzacchera Irene , Sherman Samuel E. , Rahimi Khosrow , Kostina Nina Yu. , Rodriguez-Emmenegger Cesar , Möller Martin , Wilson Christopher J. , Klein Michael L. , Good Matthew C. , Percec Virgil
Published: July 2019

Significance

Lipid vesicles are globular assemblies that compartmentalize, encapsulate, transport, and provide signal transmission and communication between cells. In living systems, these vesicles perform critical functions to sustain life. Biomimetic lipid vesicles, such as liposomes, have been developed as mimics of biological cell membranes and for applications in biotechnology, but they do have specific limitations. Dendrimersomes are vesicles self-assembled from amphiphilic Janus dendrimers. They offer improved stability and versatility over liposomes. These dendrimersomes are extremely efficient at loading hydrophobic small molecules and natural macromolecules including folded proteins, at a level higher than comparable liposomes. Additionally, they can be readily functionalized to enable modular recruitment of proteins and nucleic acids on their periphery.
PEAK3/C19orf35 pseudokinase, a new NFK3 kinase family member, inhibits CrkII through dimerization
Authors: Lopez Mitchell L. , Lo Megan , Kung Jennifer E. , Dudkiewicz Małgorzata , Jang Gwendolyn M. , Von Dollen John , Johnson Jeffrey R. , Krogan Nevan J. , Pawłowski Krzysztof , Jura Natalia
Published: July 2019

Significance

Protein kinases are exceptionally important and effective targets in human diseases, but a significant proportion of the human kinome remains uncharacterized and consequently unexplored as potential therapeutic targets. Here, we describe a kinase not annotated in the original human kinome, C19orf35/PEAK3, which shares structural similarities with PEAK1/Sgk269 and Pragmin/SgK223 pseudokinases. Our work reveals the cellular pool of PEAK3 binding partners and focuses on cellular phenotypes resulting from the PEAK3-dependent inhibition of CrkII, an adaptor protein that controls cell migration. Most importantly, we investigate how the structure and dimerization of the PEAK3 pseudokinase domain regulates its behavior, which highlights potential avenues for pharmacological regulation of PEAK3 function.
Survival, Reproduction, and Functional Efficiency
Authors: Autzen Bengt
Published: July 2019

The article examines the relationship between a trait’s effect on survival and reproduction and the notion of functional efficiency underlying the biostatistical theory of health (BST). BST faces the problem of how to measure a trait’s joint effect on survival and reproduction in its account of function. If one measures the joint effect by means of the biological notion of fitness, examples such as the hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome do not count as a disorder. If one does not invoke biological fitness, it is unclear how to measure the joint effect while keeping to BST’s naturalist credentials.
Supervenience, Reduction, and Translation
Authors: Dewar Neil
Published: July 2019

This article considers the following question: What is the relationship between supervenience and reduction? I investigate this formally: first, by introducing a recent argument by Christian List to the effect that one can have supervenience without reduction; then, by considering how the notion of Nagelian reduction can be related to the formal apparatus of definability and translation theory; then, by showing how, in the context of propositional theories, topological constraints on supervenience serve to enforce reducibility; and, finally, by showing how constraints derived from the theory of ultraproducts can enforce reducibility in the context of first-order theories.
William James’s Objection to Epiphenomenalism
Authors: Klein Alexander
Published: July 2019

James developed an evolutionary objection to epiphenomenalism that is still discussed today. Epiphenomenalists have offered responses that do not grasp its full depth. I thus offer a new reading and assessment of James’s objection. Our life-essential, phenomenal pleasures and pains have three features that suggest that they were shaped by selection, according to James: they are natively patterned, those patterns are systematically linked with antecedent brain states, and the patterns are “universal” among humans. If epiphenomenalism were true, phenomenal patterns could not have been selected (because epiphenomenalism precludes phenomenal consciousness affecting reproductive success). So epiphenomenalism is likely false.
Effects of Quantum Fluctuations on

PT

-Symmetric Solitons of a Trapped Bose Gas*
Authors: Qi Wei , Dong Liang-Wei , Li Hai-Feng
Published: July 2019

Considering the quantum fluctuation effects, the existence and stability of solitons in a Bose-Einstein condensate subjected in a

P
T

-symmetric potential are discussed. Using the variational approach, we investigate how the quantum fluctuation affects the self-localization and stability of the condensate with attractive two-body interactions. The results show that the quantum fluctuation dramatically influences the shape, width, and chemical potential of the condensate. Analytical variational computation also predicts there exists a positive critical quantum fluctuation strength qc with each fixed attractive two-body interaction g
0, if the quantum fluctuation strength q
0
is bigger than qc, there is no bright soliton solution existence. We also study the effects of the quantum fluctuations on the stability of solitons using the Vakhitov-Kolokolov (VK) stability criterion. A robust stable bright soliton will always exist when the quantum fluctuation strength q
0
belongs to the parameter regimes qc
≥ q
0 > 0.
Investigation of Binding Energy and Potential in Mesons
Authors: Khalaghi Alireza , Monemzadeh Majid , Tazimi Narges
Published: July 2019

Truly by looking through the analytical model of constituent quarks and further the importance of the effects of relativity on quark dynamics in studying the interior structure of mesons, in this research we have strived to have a much more precise modeling for quark interior structure. Certainly by observing the constituent model of quarks, at first we consider the mesons as two-body system, then we place the considered calculated Potential, which is a function of location and spin, in Schrödinger’s equation. Next we will solve the mentioned equation in analytical method. Moving on this solution, we will import the spin and isospin interactions as perturbation in our problem, and finally by using these solutions we can obtain both binding energy and wave function for bound state and excited states of meson. Eventually, by applying these calculations in the next and last step we will compare our data about meson’s binding energy and masses with others results.
Two New Hyperon Coupling Models in the Light of the Massive Neutron Star PSR J0348+0432*
Authors: Hong Bin , Ren Zhong-Zhou , Bai Dong
Published: July 2019

In the context of the relativistic mean field theory, we propose two new hyperon coupling models, namely the limitation model and the potential well depth model, in the light of the observed data for the massive neutron PSR J0348+0432. The radius of PSR J0348+0432 given by the limitation model is found to be 12.52 km ∼ 12.97 km, while the radius given by the potential well depth model is found to be 12.19 km ∼ 12.89 km. We also calculate the gravitational redshift of PSR J0348+0432 within these two models, for which the limitation model gives 0.346 ∼ 0.391 and the potential well depth model gives 0.350 ∼ 0.409. Further exploration of these two models shows that, these two models are almost degenerate for neutron stars lighter than 1.85 M
⊙, and start to give different results for massive neutron stars heavier than 1.85 M
⊙. Therefore, the studies of massive neutron stars could be crucial for discriminating these two models and help deepen our understanding of hyper-nuclear interactions.
Constraints on H0 from WMAP and BAO Measurements*
Authors: Zhang Xue , Huang Qing-Guo
Published: July 2019

We report the constraints of H
0
obtained from Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) 9-year data combined with the latest baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) measurements. We use the BAO measurements from 6dF Galaxy Survey (6dFGS), the SDSS DR7 main galaxies sample (MGS), the BOSS DR12 galaxies, and the eBOSS DR14 quasars. Adding the recent BAO measurements to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data from WMAP, we constrain cosmological parameters Ω
m
= 0.298 ± 0.005,

H
0

=

68.36

−
0.52

+
0.53

km
⋅

s

−
1

⋅

Mpc

−
1

,

σ
8

=

0.8170

−
0.0175

+
0.0159

in a spatially flat Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model, and Ω
m
= 0.302 ± 0.008, H
0 = 67.63 ± 1.30 km ⋅ s−1 ⋅ Mpc−1,

σ
8

=

0.7988

−
0.0338

+
0.0345

in a spatially flat wCDM model, respectively. Our measured H
0
results prefer a value lower than 70 km ⋅ s−1 ⋅ Mpc−1, consistent with the recent data on CMB constraints from Planck (2018), but in 3.1 and 3.5σ tension with local measurements of SH0ES (2018) in ΛCDM and wCDM framework, respectively. Our results indicate that there is a systematic tension on the Hubble constant between SH0ES and the combination of CMB and BAO datasets.
Scalar Tensor Cosmology With Kinetic, Gauss-Bonnet and Nonminimal Derivative Couplings and Supersymmetric Loop Corrected Potential
Authors: El-Nabulsi Rami Ahmad
Published: July 2019

We discuss a particular four-dimensional cosmology based on non-minimal scalar tensor theories characterized by a supersymmetric loop corrected potential and a Hubble parameter defined as a function of the scalar field. Power-law solutions are obtained in the FRW background giving rise to acceleratedly expanding universe characterized by a scale factor and a scalar field depending both on the non-minimal coupling parameter ξ. Based on SNeIa data and on Hubble data X-ray gas mass fraction measurements, we find 0.116 < ξ < 0.225 which results on a universe dominated by vacuum energy.
Doubly Excited 1,3Fe States of Two-Electron Atoms under Weakly Coupled Plasma Environment*
Authors: Dutta S. , Saha J. K. , Bhattacharyya S. , Mukherjee T. K.
Published: July 2019

Precise energy eigenvalues of metastable bound doubly excited
1,3
Fe states originating from 2pnf (n = 4–6) configuration of helium-like ions (Z = 2–4) under weakly coupled plasma (WCP) environment have been estimated within the framework of Ritz variational method. The wavefunction is expanded in explicitly correlated Hylleraas type basis set. The screened Coulomb potential is considered mimic the WCP environment. The atomic systems tend towards gradual instability and the number of excited metastable bound states reduces with increasing plasma strength. The wavelengths corresponding to 2pnf (1,3
F
e) → 2pn′d (1,3
D
o) (n = 4–6; n′ = 3–6) transitions occurring between doubly excited states of plasma embedded two-electron ions are also reported.
Hydrodynamic Stress Tensor in Inhomogeneous Colloidal Suspensions: an Irving-Kirkwood Extension*
Authors: Sun Zong-Li , Kang Yan-Shuang , Kang Yan-Mei
Published: July 2019

Based on statistical mechanics for classical fluids, general expressions for hydrodynamic stress in inhomogeneous colloidal suspension are derived on a molecular level. The result is exactly an extension of the Iving-Kirkwood stress for atom fluids to colloidal suspensions where dynamic correlation emerges. It is found that besides the inter-particle distance, the obtained hydrodynamic stress depends closely on the velocity of the colloidal particles in the suspension, which is responsible for the appearance of the solvent-mediated hydrodynamic force. Compared to Brady’s stresslets for the bulk stress, our results are applicable to inhomogeneous suspension, where the inhomogeneity and anisotropy of the dynamic correlation should be taken into account. In the near-field regime where the packing fraction of colloidal particles is high, our results can reduce to those of Brady. Therefore, our results are applicable to the suspensions with low, moderate, or even high packing fraction of colloidal particles.
decay in supersymmetry with R-parity violation *
Authors: Wang Dong-Yang , Yang Ya-Dong , Yuan Xing-Bo
Published: July 2019

In past years, several hints of lepton flavor universality (LFU) violation have emerged from the

and

data. More recently, the Belle Collaboration has reported the first measurement of the

longitudinal polarization fraction in the

decay. Motivated by this intriguing result, along with the recent measurements of

and

polarization, we present the study of

decays in supersymmetry (SUSY) with

-parity violation (RPV). We consider

,

,

and

modes and focus on the branching ratios, LFU ratios, forward-backward asymmetries, polarizations of daughter hadrons, and the

lepton. The RPV SUSY was capable of explaining the

anomalies at the

level, after taking into account various flavor constraints. In the allowed parameter space, the differential branching fractions and LFU ratios are largely enhanced by the SUSY effects, especially in the large dilepton invariant mass region. Moreover, a lower bound

10−6 is obtained. These observables could provide testable signatures at the high-luminosity LHC and SuperKEKB, and correlate with direct searches for SUSY.
Neutral regular black hole solution in generalized Rastall gravity *
Authors: Lin Kai , Qian Wei-Liang
Published: July 2019

We investigate the static, spherically symmetric regular black hole solutions in the generalized Rastall gravity. In particular, the prescription of Rastall gravity implies that the present approach does not necessarily involve nonlinear electrodynamics. Subsequently, the resulting regular black hole solutions can be electrically and magnetically neutral. The general properties of the regular black hole solutions are explored. Moreover, specific solutions are derived and discussed, particularly regarding the parameter related to the degree of violation of the energy-momentum conservation in the Rastall theory.
Nearby dark matter subhalo that accounts for the DAMPE excess *
Authors: Zhao Yi , Bi Xiao-Jun , Lin Su-Jie , Yin Peng-Fei
Published: July 2019

The precise spectrum of electrons and positrons at high energies plays an important role in understanding their origin. DArk Matter Particle Explorer has reported their first measurement of the

spectrum from 25 GeV to 4.6 TeV. This spectrum reveals a tentative peak at ~1.4 TeV, which requires a nearby source of

. In this work, we study the properties of a large nearby dark matter subhalo that accouns for this spectral peak, such as its mass and distance from Earth, for different concentration models. We compare spectra of the sources in 3FGL with that from DM annihilation in the subhalo, and find ten candidates that have comparable gamma-ray spectra. However, according to the N-body simulation, the probability that such a large subhalo is close enough to Earth is less than 0.1%.
Internal gravity waves from a moving source: modeling and asymptotics
Authors: Bulatov V V , Vladimirov Yu V
Published: July 2019

In this paper we investigated the far internal gravity waves fields excited by a source of disturbances, moving in an infinite vertically stratified medium. The propagation of waves in an inviscid incompressible medium with an exponential distribution of unperturbed density is considered. In the linear approximation and the Boussinesq approximation, uniform asymptotics of the excited internal gravity waves fields were constructed far from the moving source of perturbations. Wave fields in the vicinity of the traverse plane and the horizon of motion are investigated. The obtained asymptotic solutions make it possible to effectively calculate the main amplitude-phase characteristics of the excited far internal gravity waves fields of under certain generation regimes. Analytical solutions allow to qualitatively analyze the solutions obtained. This is important for the correct formulation of more complex mathematical models of the wave dynamics of real natural stratified medium.
Wave dynamics and vortex formation under the impact of a spherical impulse on the boundary between gas and aqueous foam
Authors: Bolotnova R Kh , Gainullina E F
Published: July 2019

The process of interaction of air shock-wave pulse and protective aqueous foam barrier in two-dimensional axisymmetric formulation using two-phase model of gas-liquid mixture including the laws of conservation of mass, momentum and energy for each phase is numerically investigated. The numerical implementation of the model is carried out using the twoPhaseEulerFoam solver of the OpenFOAM package. The results are presented in the form of spatial distributions of pressure fields, velocities and streamlines. The causes and dynamics of toroidal vortices formation in gas are investigated.
Modeling of the optimal scenario of arteriovenous malformation embolization
Authors: Cherevko A A , Gologush T S , Petrenko I A , Ostapenko V V
Published: July 2019

Cerebral arteriovenous malformation is a congenital developmental pathology of cerebral vessels, in which the arterial and venous blood vessels are connected directly by randomly interlaced degenerate vessels. This is a dangerous disease affecting the functioning of the brain, at which the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage is high. One of the methods of treatment of arteriovenous malformation is embolization – endovascular filling of arteriovenous malformation vessels with a special medical embolizing composition for blocking blood flow through them. This method is widely used, but still in some cases accompanied by intraoperative rupture of arteriovenous malformation. In this paper, on the basis of a one-dimensional model of joint two-phase filtration of blood and an embolizing composition, the optimal scenario of embolization is studied from the point of view of safety and efficiency. The methods of admissible and optimal embolization, which reduce the risk of rupture of arteriovenous malformation vessels, are considered.
Non-isothermal motion of viscous fluid layer on outer surface of horizontal rotating cylinder
Authors: Konon P N , Shkadov V Y , Zhuk A V
Published: July 2019

We study the non-isothermal plane motion of viscous fluid on the outer surface of rotating with constant angular velocity horizontally placed cylinder in the fields of surface tension, gravity and inertia. The problem was solved by direct method and evolution of the free surface was investigated taking into account varying temperature of fluid.
The hydrodynamical modeling of the Supernovae Ia explosion by means adaptive nested meshes on supercomputers
Authors: Kulikov Igor , Chernykh Igor , Protasov Viktor
Published: July 2019

The results of the study of an explosion point of supernova type Ia (SNIa) with using of mathematical modeling on supercomputers is given in the paper. Hydrodynamical model closed by the stellar equation of state and supplemented by Poisson equation for gravitational potential is used for modeling of a white dwarf. The nuclear combustion of carbon, for which the analytical solution is constructed, is accounted in the model. A multilevel organization of computations on nested grids is used in the solution. The new highorder accuracy numerical method based on the Godunov method, the Rusanov scheme and the piecewise parabolic method on local stencil, adapted for computations on nested grids, is built. The parallel implementation is based on the idea of distributed computations, where the architecture with shared memory is used for modeling of the hydrodynamic evolution of white dwarfs, when the critical values of temperature and density are reached, a new task is launched on the architecture with distributed memory, in which the evolution of hydrodynamic turbulence leading to supersonic nuclear combustion of carbon is simulated.
Simulation of composite shells based on the generating finite elements
Authors: Matveev A D
Published: July 2019

In the present paper, a method of generating finite elements (FE) to construct complex-shaped three-dimensional composite multi-grid finite elements (MgFE) of two types is proposed. When constructed m-grid finite element (mgFE), m nested grids are used. The fine grid is generated by the base partitioning of mgFE, taking into account its heterogeneous structure and shape. The displacement functions and stress state in the MgFE described by the equations of the three-dimensional elasticity problems (without introducing any additional simplifying hypotheses), are represented in local rectangular coordinates. When constructed MgFE (without increasing their dimension), arbitrarily small basic partitions can be used arbitrarily closely taking into account the complex inhomogeneous structure and shape of the MgFE, and arbitrarily closely describing the three-dimensional stress state in the MgFE. The 1st type MgFE region is obtained by turning a given flat generating single-grid FE (complex shape) about a given axis by a given angle, the 2nd type MgFE region is obtained by parallel moving the generating FE in a given direction by a specified distance. The 1st type MgFE is applied to calculate some composite rotational shells; the 2nd type is for composite cylindrical shells. The advantages of the proposed MgFE make it possible to account for the inhomogeneous structure of the shells, thus giving rise to small-dimensional discrete models and accurate solutions
Linear stability of Landau jet: non-parallel effects
Authors: Mullyadzhanov R , Yavorsky N , Oberleithner K
Published: July 2019

We perform linear stability analysis of Landau jet using quasi-parallel approximation and self-similar approach. While the former detects only sinusoidal unstable modes, the latter also captures axisymmetric disturbances in agreement with previous results. The direct comparison of dispersion curves and eigenmode shapes for m = 1 and ReD
≈ 56 indicates that low frequencies are poorly described within quasi-parallel approximation making this approach questionable for a laminar-turbulent transition model.
Analytical solution of the problem of hydrate formation in a porous medium with a temperature jump at the phase transition front
Authors: Musakaev N G , Khasanov M K
Published: July 2019

The results of theoretical study of the methane hydrate formation during the hydrocarbon gas injection into a porous reservoir initially saturated with methane and water are presented. In the axisymmetric approximation, mathematical model with a stepwise temperature distribution in the reservoir is considered. For this case, an approximate analytical solution is constructed with a temperature jump at the gas hydrate formation front in the form of an explicit functional dependence of the self-similar coordinate of this boundary on the parameters of a porous medium and an injected gas.
Modeling of bubble dynamics and heat transfer in polydispersed two-phase turbulent flow in a vertical pipe
Authors: Pakhomov M A
Published: July 2019

The numerical results on the flow, bubble distributions and heat transfer in a bubbly polydispersed upward flow in a pipe are presented. The mathematical model is based on the Eulerian approach with considering the back effects of bubbles on the mean and turbulent characteristics of the carrier fluid phase. The model is coupled with the method of δ-function approximation. The model takes into account the interphase momentum transfer, bubble breakup and coalescence processes. The set of axisymmetrical RANS equations is used for modeling two-phase bubbly flows. Turbulence of the carrier fluid phase is predicted using the Reynolds stress transport model. The effect of variation in the gas volumetric flow rate ratio, inlet mean fluid temperature, and its velocity on the flow structure and heat transfer in the two-phase flow is analyzed. The addition of air bubbles results in a significant increase in the heat transfer rate (up to three times) and the effect augments by increasing the gas volumetric flow rate ratio. The numerical simulations show a good agreement with the experimental and numerical results of other authors.
The investigation of drying and freezing of spherical samples of porous materials with second order nonlinear differential equations
Authors: Salnikov M V , Fedoseev A V , Sukhinin G I
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the current investigation is to present the results of the model, which allows obtaining the temperature distribution in a spherical sample of porous clay for the processes of rapid drying (heating) and freezing (cooling). Solutions are one-dimensional non-linear temperature distributions for each point in time. The temperature of the external surface of the sample was set equal to the ambient temperature.
On two-dimensional gas flows through granular phase change material
Authors: Fetsov Sergey S
Published: July 2019

A novel numerical model is proposed for modelling two-dimensional planar gas flows in granular phase change material (PCM). The mentioned model consists of system of equations based on the classical methods of mechanics of heterogeneous media which is solved by original finite-difference algorithm. Effect of heat transfer with ambient medium on mushy zone propagation in the bed of granular PCM is investigated by means of numerical experiment. It is shown that phase transition speed can decrease significantly near the side walls of the bed in relation to the central region which provides curvature of the mushy zone boundaries and nonuniform melting of the PCM in the bed. Kind of curvature of these boundaries can change in dependence of heat conductivity coefficient of the PCM.
Investigation of the generalization of Leith’s model of the phenomenological theory of wave turbulence
Authors: Chirkunov Yu A
Published: July 2019

A generalization of the Leith model of the phenomenological theory of the wave turbulence is studied. With the methods of group analysis, the basic models possessing nontrivial symmetries are obtained. The invariant solutions describing the invariant submodels of rank 0, are found in an explicit form. The physical meaning of these solutions is obtained. In particular, with the help of these solutions the turbulent processes for which there are “destructive waves” both with fixed wave numbers and with varying wave numbers are described. On the example of an invariant solution of rank 1 it was shown that the search of the invariant solutions of rank 1 that can not not be found explicitly, can be reduced to solving of the integral equations. For this solution turbulent processes are researched for which at the initial instant of a time and for a fixed value of the wave number either the turbulence energy and rate of its change or the turbulence energy and its gradient are given. Under certain conditions, the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of the boundary value problems describing these processes are established.