bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EULAR Sjogren’s Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI) and Other Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Assessment of Glandular Dysfunction in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
Authors: Nam Eon Jeong , Ture Hirut Yadeta , Kim Na Ri
Published: August 2023

The EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), EULAR Sjogren’s Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI), and other patient-reported outcomes (PROs), such as the visual analog scale (VAS) for symptoms and EULAR sicca score (ESS), are used to assess the disease activity of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). Recently, Clinical ESSDAI (ClinESSDAI) and Clinical Trials ESSDAI (ClinTrialsESSDAI) were developed for objective clinical disease activity indexes. However, the relationship of ClinESSDAI and ClinTrialsESSDAI with PROs as well as that between ESSPRI and other PROs and the objective parameters of glandular function in pSS have not been established. Herein, we investigated the correlation of ESSPRI and other PROs with the objective parameters of glandular function and the relationship of PROs with ClinESSDAI and ClinTrialsESSDAI in 66 patients with pSS. Correlations were calculated with Spearman’s correlation coefficient. ClinTrialsESSDAI was correlated with ESSPRI, dryness (ESSPRI-Dryness), fatigue, and pain domains of ESSPRI, VAS for oral dryness (oral-VAS), and patient’s global assessment. Although ESSPRI did not correlate with the objective parameters of glandular function, ESSPRI-Dryness, ESS, and oral- and ocular-VAS did. These results suggest that ESSPRI-Dryness, ESS, and VAS for symptoms, but not ESSPRI, reflect the glandular dysfunction and that ClinTrialsESSDAI correlates with PROs for dryness in pSS.
Whole Genome Expression Profiling of Semitendinosus Tendons from Children with Diplegic and Tetraplegic Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Nemska Simona , Serio Simone , Larcher Veronica , Beltrame Giulia , Portinaro Nicola Marcello , Bang Marie-Louise
Published: August 2023

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common movement disorder in children with a prevalence rang-ing from 1.5 to 4 per 1000 live births. CP is caused by a non-progressive lesion of the developing brain, leading to progressive alterations of the musculoskeletal system, including spasticity, often leading to the development of fixed contractures, necessitating tendon lengthening surgery. Total RNA-sequencing analysis was performed on semitendinosus tendons from diplegic and tetraple-gic CP patients subjected to tendon lengthening surgery compared to control patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstructive surgery. Tetraplegic CP patients showed increased ex-pression of genes implicated in collagen synthesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, while only minor changes were observed in diplegic CP patients. In addition, tendons from tetra-plegic CP patients showed an enrichment for upregulated genes involved in vesicle-mediated transport and downregulated genes involved in cytokine and apoptotic signaling. Overall, our results indicate increased ECM turnover with increased net synthesis of collagen in tetraplegic CP patients without activation of inflammatory and apoptotic pathways similar to observations in athletes where ECM remodeling results in increased tendon stiffness and tensile strength. Never-theless, the resulting increased tendon stiffness is an important issue in clinical practice, where surgery is often required to restore joint mobility.
Brain Metastases from Breast Cancer Histologically Exhibit Solid Growth-Pattern with at Least Focal Comedonecrosis: A Histopathologic Study on a Monocentric Series of 30 Cases
Authors: Farina Jessica , Angelico Giuseppe , Vecchio Giada Maria , Salvatorelli Lucia , Magro Gaetano , Puzzo Lidia , Palicelli Andrea , Zanelli Magda , Altieri Roberto , Certo Francesco , Spadola Saveria , Zizzo Maurizio , Barbagallo Giuseppe Maria Vincenzo , Caltabiano Rosario , Broggi Giuseppe
Published: August 2023

Since there are no morphological clues capable of making a pathologist suspect a possible mammary origin of a metastatic lesion without adequate clinical information, the histologic diagnosis of brain metastasis from BC is still based on the immunohistochemical expression of mammary gland markers such as GATA-3, ERs, PgRs and HER-2. The present retrospective study aimed to select purely morphological features capable to suggest the mammary origin of a metastatic carcinoma to the brain. The following histological features were collected on a series of 30 cases of brain metastases from breast cancer:(i) solid growth pattern; (ii) presence of comedonecrosis; (iii) glandular differentiation. Our results showed that most cases histologically exhibited solid growth pattern with at least focal comedonecrosis, producing an overall morphology closely reminiscent of mammary high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ. Although the above-mentioned morphological parameters are not strictly specific to a mammary origin, they may have an important diagnostic utility in leading pathologists to suspect a possible breast primary tumor and to include GATA-3, ERs, PgRs and HER-2 to the immunohistochemical panel.
Analysis of Gene Expression Networks in Primary Central Nervous System Tumors for Drug Repurposing Prospects
Authors: Villanueva Brian Harvey Avanceña , Tsai Po-Wei , Tayo Lemmuel L.
Published: August 2023

Primary central nervous system and brain tumors are one of the global burdens that are continuously increasing in cases and requiring more treatment options. Surgery has been the leading treatment option for tumors, however, the localization of the tumor and its infiltrating nature make this option challenging. DNA microarray expression profiles of different CNS tumors provide insight into potential biomarkers for identifying different tumor types and subtypes. Here, we utilized the differentially expressed genes common in four expression profiles, GSE66354, GSE68848, GSE74195, and GSE43290 to reconstruct the gene co-expression network. In this study, we were able to identify preserved cluster genes, hub genes, co-regulating transcription factors, miRNA families, and candidate repurposed drugs. Fourteen identified hub genes, which were, CACNA1A, DNM1, GABRA1, GRIA2, MAPT, SLC17A7, SNAP25, SNAP91, STXBP1, SYT1, COL1A1, COL6A2, FBN2, and FN1 appeared to play a role in tumor progression and may serve as drug targets. We also reported the DEGs in each tumor type, which were ATRT, EPN, PA, MED, PNET, MEN, ACM, ODG, and GBM. Five identified miRNA families, which were, let-7 family, mir-124 family, mir-1 family, mir-103 family, and mir-27 family described in the literature to have tumor-suppressing characteristics. Drug-gene and drug-transcription factor network revealed 32 candidate repurposed drugs and 13 were validated through connectivity map analysis. Here, two main repurposed drugs fit the regulatory requirement for gene interaction, these were, quercetin and vorinostat. Future validation in experimental studies may utilize the future use of the candidate repurposed drugs. Our study provides insights into drug repurposing prospects and understanding tumor expressions.
Medium Energy Proton Detector Onboard FY-4B Satellite
Authors: Zhang HuanXin , Shen GuoHong , Zhang ShenYi , Zong WeiGuo , Guo JianGuang , Chen AnQin , Zhang Xin , Su Bo , Zhou Ping , Ji WenTao
Published: August 2023

: This work introduces the instrument design of the medium energy proton detector (MEPD, detection range: 30keV-5MeV) mounted on the Chinese Fengyun-4B (FY-4B) satellite. Compared with the similar detector on the Fengyun-3E (FY-3E) satellite, the instrument has undergone significant changes due to the different orbital radiation environment and solar lighting conditions. Based on the calculation of radiation model AP8, the geometry factor is reduced to 0.002 cm2sr, while the MEPD on FY-3E satellite is 0.005 cm2sr. Another difference is that sensors in some directions is exposed to direct sunlight for 80 minutes every day on this orbit, depending on the attitude angle of the satellite, which is much worse than that on FY-3E satellite. According to the calculation results of permeability of photons through different materials, a 100 nm thickness nickel film is added in front of sensors in order to eliminate light pollution completely. The experiment on the solar simulator shows that the measure is effective and the detector has no error counts when the solar irradiance coefficient is 1.0. In addition, Geant4 software is applied to simulate particle transportation process under complete machine condition so that to check the contamination of electrons on sensors among all directions after magnetic deflection. Data obtained in orbit shows that the instrument works properly, and the data is in good agreement with the AP8 model. The observations of the MEPD on board the FY-4B satellite can provide important support for the safety of the spacecraft and the theoretical research related to space weather.
The Supplementation of Sechium edule var. Nigrum Spinosum (Chayote) Promotes Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Protection in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Gavia-García Graciela , Hernández-Álvarez David , Arista-Ugalde Taide Laurita , Aguiñiga-Sánchez Itzen , Santiago-Osorio Edelmiro , Mendoza-Núñez Víctor Manuel , Rosado-Pérez Juana
Published: August 2023

The aim was to determine the effect of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum (chayote) on gene ex-pression related to antioxidant protection mechanisms and the inflammatory process in older adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). A quasi-experimental study was carried out in a con-venience sample of 46 older adults diagnosed with MetS: (i) placebo group (PG; n=20), (ii) ex-perimental group (EG; n=26). Clinical, biochemical, and anthropometric parameters, SOD, GPx, and CAT enzyme activity, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) and mRNA expression of (SOD, GPx, CAT, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, Nrf2, NFkB p50 and NFkB p65), were measured at baseline and 6 months post-intervention. A statistically significant decrease was observed in TOS (baseline, 28.9 ± 3.6 vs. post, 23.7 ± 3.4, p < 0.01) and OSI (baseline, 24.1 ± 3.8 vs. post, 17.7 ± 4). As well as the increase in IL-6 (baseline, 10.7 ± 1.1 vs. post, 12.3 ± 2, p = 0.03), SOD activity (baseline, 167.1 ± 11.9 vs. post, 180.6 ± 7.6, p < 0.05), CAT activity (baseline, 1.0 ± 0.2 vs. post, 1.3 ± 0.2, p < 0.01) and TAS (baseline, 1.1 ± 0.1 vs. post, 1.4 ± 0.1, p < 0.01) in the EG compared to the PG. Regarding the expression of Nrf2, SOD and IL-6, the EG showed a significant increase vs basal levels (47%, 44% and 43%, re-spectively). Our findings suggest that Sechium edule supplementation promotes the antioxidant response and decreases oxidative stress via Nrf2.
Experimental Investigation of Surface Waves Effect on a Ducted Twin Vertical Axis Tidal Turbine
Authors: Moreau Martin , Germain Grégory , Maurice Guillaume
Published: August 2023

The cost effective design of tidal turbines requires a good estimation of the loading cycles and their extrema that are related to the unsteady fluctuations of the current velocity. Apart from the ambient turbulence, the main source of velocity fluctuations is the presence of surface waves. In the present study, we analyse the effect of waves propagating against the current on the performance and the loads of a twin vertical axis tidal turbine by an experimental approach at a 1/20 scale. Overall, the results show little or no effect of the waves on the average power and loads compared to the condition with current only, but a significant impact on their standard deviation that rises linearly with the waves amplitude. The drag, lift and pitching moment show extended ranges up to 7.5 times higher and extreme values exceedance by 60 to 100 % with irregular waves compared to the condition without waves. Those load and power fluctuation increase are fully due to the presence of waves as the coherence function between the rotor torque or the loads and the velocity spectra exceed 0.5 on the whole wave frequency bandwidth. The results also reveal a rotational sampling of the waves by the rotors that had also been observed on horizontal axis turbines. From a structural design point of view, the authors recommand to conduct tests in irregular wave conditions as the loads range and extreme values are 1.5 to 2 times higher than those encountered with regular waves of the same significant height and period.
Factors Contributing to School Effectiveness: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Javornik Špela , Klemenčič Mirazchiyski Eva
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the literature on school effectiveness, with a focus on identifying the main factors that contribute to successful educational outcomes. The research question that this paper aims to address is: What are the main factors of school effectiveness? The research was interested in several descriptors such as school, effectiveness/efficiency theories, effectiveness/efficiency research, and factors. Studies were reviewed through two databases: JSTOR and ERIC (published within the 2016-2022 period). The paper defines several categories that are exposed within school effectiveness research. Within these categories, various factors that affect the students’ outcomes and the defined effectiveness at school are listed. As the results show, the issue of school effectiveness is a multifaced challenge as the effectiveness of schools is a complex concept that can be measured through various indicators such as academic achievement, student engagement and teacher satisfaction. The review of school effectiveness has revealed that several factors contribute to effective schools, such as strong leadership, effective teaching practices, a positive school culture and parental involvement. Additionally, school resources, such as funding and facilities, can impact school effectiveness, particularly in under-resourced communities.
Electrophoretic Deposition of One- and Two-Layers Compacts of Holmium and Yttrium Oxide Nanopowders for Magneto-optical Ceramics Fabrication
Authors: Kalinina Elena G. , Kundikova Nataliya D. , Kuznetsov Dmitrii K. , Ivanov Maxim G.
Published: August 2023

In this work, the possibility of fabrication magneto-optical ceramics by vacuum sintering of compacts prepared by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) from suspensions of (Ho0.95La0.05)2O3 (HoLa) nanopowders made by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and (Y0.9La0.1)2O3 (YLa) nanopowders made by laser synthesis was systematically investigated. The processes of the formation of bulk one- and two-layer compacts by the EPD method from non-aqueous suspensions of nanopowders was studied. The use of acetylacetone and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) was shown to make it possible to obtain stable alcohol suspensions of the nanopowders characterized by high zeta potential values (+29…+80 mV) and to carry out a stable EPD process. One-layer compacts were made from the YLa and HoLa nanopowders with a density of 30–43%. It was found out that the introduction of PVB into the suspension leads to a decrease in the mass and thickness of the green bodies deposited, but does not significantly affect their density. A possibility to make two-layers (YLa/HoLa) compacts with a thickness of up to 2.6 mm and a density of up to 46% was demonstrated. Sintering such compacts in a vacuum at a temperature of 1750°C for 10 hours leads to the formation of ceramics with a homogeneous boundary between the YLa/HoLa layers and thickness of the interdiffused ions layer of about 30 μm.
A Study on Recommendations for Improving Minimum Housing Standards
Authors: Kim Donghyun , Kim Seiyong
Published: August 2023

Minimum housing standards aim to safeguard housing rights and enhance residential conditions. Governments develop housing policies, including provision, preservation, and support for welfare programs, guided by the status of households below these standards. Growing nations commonly utilize this approach to decrease the proportion of households not meeting these criteria. In South Korea, the ratio of households below these standards was 4.5% in 2021, down from 16.6% in 2006, as indicated by the initial Korea Housing Survey. However, this downward trend has stalled over the past decade. With the 2004 and 2011 revisions, the standards have been effective for 12 years, yet no longer mirror current housing realities due to ongoing improvements. This study aimed to propose enhancements to Korea’s minimum housing standards. Through analyzing laws, prior research, present household statuses, international cases, and expert insights, recommendations emerged. Categorizing households by size, we developed precise standards covering area, facility, and location aspects. These new standards led to an 8.4% non-compliance rate in 2021. This research’s findings anticipate aiding the revision of minimum housing standards, formulating pragmatic policies for enhancing residential conditions in line with present situations.
Evaluating the Readiness of Ships and Ports to Bunker and Use Alternative Fuels: a Brazil’s Case Study
Authors: Wei Huang Ken , Müller-Casseres Eduardo , Belchior Carlos R.P. , Szklo Alexandre
Published: August 2023

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has recently revised its strategy for shipping de-carbonization, deepening the ambition to reduce annual greenhouse gas emissions until 2050. The accomplishment of this strategy requires the large-scale deployment of alternative maritime fuels, whose diversity and technical characteristics impose transition challenges. While several studies address the production of these fuels, a notable gap lies in the analysis of the required adaptations in vessels and ports for their usage. This study aims to fill this gap through a comprehensive re-view of material compatibility, storage in ports/vessels, and bunkering technology. Firstly, we an-alyze key aspects of port/vessel adaptation: physical and chemical properties; energy conversion for propulsion; fuel feeding and storage; bunkering procedures. Then, we perform a maturity as-sessment, placing each studied fuel on the technological readiness scale, revealing the most prom-ising options regarding infrastructure adaptability. Finally, we develop a case study for Brazil, whose economy is grounded on maritime exports. Findings indicate that multi-product ports may have potential to serve as multi-fuel hubs, while the remaining ports are inclined to specific fuels. In terms of vessel categories, we find that oil tankers, chemical ships and gas carriers are the most ready for conversion in the short-term
Surface and Hand Disinfection Using Atmospheric Plasma Sources
Authors: Brück Wolfram M. , Savary Alain , Baudin Martine , Mabillard Martine Emery , Courret Gilles
Published: August 2023

Good hand hygiene has proven to be essential in reducing the uncontrolled spread of human pathogens. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) may provide an alternative to disinfecting hands with ethanol-based handrubs when hand washing facilities are unavailable. CAP can be safely applied to the skin if the energy is well controlled. In this study, RF and DC plasma sources was built with a pin-to-mesh electrodes configuration inside a fused silica tube of 5 mm of inner diameter. Microbiological assays based on EN 13697:2015+A1:2019 using Escherichia coli DSM 682 or Staphylococcus epidermidis DSM 20044 were used to examine the antimicrobial effect of various plasma conditions. Metal and silicone disks that model skin were used as inoculation matrices. The prototype air radio frequency (RF) CAP achieved significant disinfection in the MHz range on stainless steel and silicone substrates. This is equivalent to half the performance of direct current CAP, which is only effective on conductive substrates. Using only electricity and air CAP could, with further optimization, replace or complement current hand disinfection methods, and mitigate the economic burden of public health crises in the future.
Efficient Demand Side Management Using a Novel Decentralized Building Automation Algorithm
Authors: Spagkakas Christodoulos , Stimoniaris DImitrios , Tsiamitros Dimitrios
Published: August 2023

Τhe building automation control is a crucial factor for improving buildings energy efficiency and management, as well as improving the electricity grid's reliability indices. This paper presents the methodology, describes the necessary technology requirements and presents the decentralized building automation novel algorithm for Efficient demand side management in a building. All these are applied in an experimental university microgrid and the results are presented in terms of energy saving in kWh, money in € and working hours.
Anti-Cancer Properties of Flax Seed Proteome
Authors: Merkher Yulia , Kontareva Elizaveta , Alexandrova Anastasia , JAVARAIAH RAJESHA , Pustovalova Margarita , Leonov Sergey
Published: August 2023

Flaxseed has been recognized as a valuable source of nutrients and bioactive compounds, including proteins that possess various health benefits. In recent years, studies have shown that flaxseed proteins, including albumins, globulins, glutelin, and prolamins, possess anti-cancer properties. These properties are attributed to their ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and interfere with cancer cell signaling pathways, ultimately leading to the inhibition of metastasis. Moreover, flaxseed proteins have been reported to modulate cancer cell mechanobiology, leading to changes in cell behavior and reduced cancer cell migration and invasion. This review provides an overview of the anti-cancer properties of flaxseed proteins, with a focus on their potential use in cancer treatment. Additionally, it highlights the need for further research to fully establish the potential of flaxseed proteins in cancer therapy.
A Mathematical Model for a Disease Outbreak Considering Waning-Immunity Class with Nonlinear Incidence and Recovery Rates
Authors: Anggriani Nursanti , Beay Lazarus Kalvein , Inayaturohmat Fatuh , Tresna Sanubari Tansah
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we constructed and analyzed a modified SIR-type model for the epidemic problem which considering waning-immunity class in the population, with the nonlinear incidence and recovery rates. Depending on the basic reproduction ratio, we investigated conditions for both non-endemic and co-existing cases. The RouthHurwitz criteria is used to verify the local stability of equilibria, whereas for the global stability, the suitable Lyapunov function is selected to analyze the behavioral stability for each equilibria. Moreover, we studied the optimal control problem for this case. Numerically, we give some simulations to support our analitycal findings.
Discovery of the Mafic Granulites in the Muzhaerte area, SW Tianshan, China
Authors: Yan Jun , Cui Ying
Published: August 2023

Accretionary and collisional orogeny are often accompanied by the disturbance of the geothermal gradient, leading to high-temperature metamorphism. High-temperature metamorphic rocks are significant in their ability to help the reconstruction of the thermal histories of orogenic belts. The Tianshan Orogenic Belt, at the southwest margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, is a record of the long-term subduction–collision–post-collision orogenic process that has taken place in the Phanerozoic Eon. Here, we report the discovery of mafic granulites in the Muzhaerte area, SW Tianshan. Petrographic observation reveals that the mafic granulites underwent two metamorphic stages. The peak mineral assemblages of the first stage are dominated by clinopyroxene + orthopyroxene + plagioclase + quartz + hornblende ± biotite, and the post-peak mineral assemblages of the second stage are dominated by clinopyroxene + plagioclase + quartz + amphibole + biotite. The calculated results obtained from the two-pyroxene thermobarometers and the Al-in-hornblende barometer for the mafic granulites indicate that the metamorphic conditions of mafic granulites are 760–860 ℃ and < 0.39–0.41 Gpa. The mafic granulites recorded a high-grade granulite facies thermal metamorphic event with the highest temperature limit currently recorded in the Central Tianshan Block.
Association of Blood Leukocytes and Hemoglobin with Hospital Mortality in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Obradovic Slobodan , Boris Dzudovic , Subotic Bojana , Šalinger Sonja , Matijašević Jovan , Benic Marija , Preradović Tamara Kovačević , Kovacevic-Kuzmanovic Ana , Mitevska Irena , Miloradovic Vladimir , Jevtic Ema , Neskovic Aleksandar
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of total leukocyte count (TLC) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels upon admission for patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE), considering the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) model for mortality risk. 1622 patients from a regional PE registry were included. Decision tree statistics were employed to evaluate TLC and Hb's prognostic value, both independently and in conjunction with the ESC model. Results indicated all-cause and PE-related in-hospital mortality rates of 10.7% and 6.5% respectively. Subgrouping patients based on TLC cutoff values (≤11.2, 11.2-16.84, >16.84 x10^9/L) revealed increasing all-cause mortality risks (7.0%, 11.8%, 30.2%). Incorporating Hb levels (≤126 g/L or above) further stratified the lowest risk group into two strata with all-cause mortality rates of 10.1% and 4.7%. Similar trends were observed for PE-related mortality. Notably, TLC improved risk assessment for intermediate-high risk patients within the ESC model, while Hb levels enhanced mortality risk stratification for lower risk PE patients in the ESC model for all-cause mortality. In conclusion, TLC and Hb levels upon admission can refine the ESC model's mortality risk classification for patients with acute PE, providing valuable insights for improved patient management.
Therapeutic Potential of Myrtenal and Its Derivatives–A Review
Authors: Dragomanova Stela , Andonova Velichka , Volcho Konstantin , Salakhutdinov Nariman , Kalfin Reni , Tancheva Lyubka
Published: August 2023

Monoterpenes as natural products are the subject of increased attention in the search for new pharmacological agents because of their numerous biological activities including antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, antispasmodic, hypotensive, vasodilating effects, etc. In vitro and in vivo studies reveal their antidepressant, anxiolytic, and memory-enhancing in experimental dementia and Parkinson’s disease effects. Chemical modification of natural substances by conjugation with various synthetic components is a modern method of obtaining new biologically active compounds. The discovery of new potential drugs among monoterpene derivatives is a progressive direction in experimental pharmacology and a promising approach to the therapy of various pathologies. Biologically active substances such as monoterpenes borneol, camphor, geraniol, pinene, and thymol, were used to synthesize compounds with different properties, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, anti-depressant, anti-Alzheimer’s, anti-parkinsonian, antiviral and antibacterial (anti-tuberculosis). Myrtenal is a perspective monoterpenoid with therapeutic potential in various fields of medicine. Its chemical modifications often lead to new or more pronounced biological effects. As an example, conjugation of myrtenal with the known pharmacophore adamantane allows one to enhance some of its key properties. Myrtenal-adamantane derivatives exhibited a variety of beneficial properties – antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective, which are worth examining in more detail and at length.
Transluminal Pillars - Their Origin and Role in the Remodelling of the Zebrafish Caudal Vein Plexus
Authors: Roess Helena , Aaldijk Dea , Vladymyrov Mykhailo , Odriozola Adolfo , Djonov Valentin
Published: August 2023

Intussusceptive pillars, regarded as a hallmark of intussusceptive angiogenesis, have been described in developing vasculature of many organs and organisms. The aim of this study was to resolve the question about pillar formation and their further maturation employing zebrafish caudal vein plexus (CVP). The CVP development was monitored by in vivo confocal microscopy in high spatio-temporal resolution using the transgenic zebrafish model Fli1a:eGPF//Gata1:dsRed. We tracked back the formation of pillars (diameter ≤4µm) and intercapillary meshes (diameter >4µm) and analysed their morphology and behaviour. Transluminal pillars in the CVP arose by a combination of sprouting, lumen expansion, and/or by creation of intraluminal folds, and those mechanisms were not associated directly with blood flow. The follow-up of pillars indicated that one third of them disappeared between 28-48 hours post fertilisation (hpf) and of the remaining ones only 1/17 changed their cross-section area by >50%. The majority of the bigger meshes (39/62) increased their cross-section area by >50%. Plexus simplification and establishment of hierarchy was dominated by the dynamics of intercapillary meshes, which formed mainly by sprouting angiogenesis. These meshes were observed to grow, reshape, and merge with each other. Our observations suggested an alternative view on intussusceptive angiogenesis in the CVP.
Physiotherapy for Chronic Pelvic Pain in Endometriosis
Authors: Wójcik Małgorzata , Placek Katarzyna , Drejza Michalina , Goździewicz Tomasz , Pisarska-Krawczyk Magdalena , Luwański Dawid , Plagens-Rotman Katarzyna , Kędzia Witold , Jarząbek-Bielecka Grażyna
Published: August 2023

Feeling pain means feeling oneself, as the body feels discomfort as a kind of "disturbance experi-ence". Endometriosis is a disease in which the predominant symptom is pain felt by women pri-marily within the pelvis, but also outside of the body. The clinical biomarker used in the diagnosis of this disease is microRNAs. Treatment of endometriosis is complex and is based mainly on phar-macotherapy. Physiotherapy can complement pharmacological treatment in reducing pain using non-invasive treatments for the body. Therefore, databases have been searched to find the most effective forms of physiotherapy for the treatment of endometriosis. The literature review conducted here suggests that it is necessary to perform multicentre studies in order to establish which forms of physical therapy may be most effective in reducing pain and improving the quality of life of women suffering from endometriosis. Certainly, this type of research in conjunction with the assessment of pain and endometriosis markers would be of great clinical value in order to develop an interdisci-plinary treatment model.
Practical Management of Biosimilar Use in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A Global Survey and an International Delphi Consensus
Authors: D’Amico Ferdinando , Solitano Virginia , Magro Fernando , Olivera Pablo A. , Halfvarson Jonas , Rubin David T. , Dignass Axel , Al Awadhi Sameer , Kobayashi Taku , Queiroz Natalia Sousa Freitas , Calvo Marta , Kotze Paulo Gustavo , Ghosh Subrata , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Danese Silvio
Published: August 2023

While biologic originators’ patents are expiring, biosimilars are emerging to take their place, offering significant cost savings to healthcare systems. Many challenges still need to be addressed in the clinical practice of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A global survey was organized to highlight physicians’ current knowledge and beliefs and to gain insight about their practical management and remaining concerns and obstacles associated with starting a biosimilar, switching from an originator to a biosimilar, or switching from one biosimilar to another (multiple switches and reverse switching). Fifteen physicians with expertise in the field of IBD from 13 countries attended a virtual international consensus meeting to develop practical guidance regarding biosimilar adoption worldwide, considering the survey results. Consensus was reached on 10 statements regarding biosimilar effectiveness, safety, indications and rationale, multiple switches, therapeutic drug monitoring of biosimilars, non-medical switching and future perspectives.
Role of Curing Agents in the Adaptive Response of the Bioprotective Latilactobacillus Curvatus CRL 705 from a Physiologic and Proteomic Perspective
Authors: Terán Lucrecia Cecilia , Orihuel Alejandra , Bentencourt Emilse , Raya Raúl , Fadda Silvina
Published: August 2023

During meat processing, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have to competitively adapt to the hostile en-vironment produced by curing additives (CA). The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of Latilactobacillus curvatus CRL 705, a bioprotective strain of meat origin, to adapt to CA. A physiological and proteomic approach was performed. CRL 705 was grown in a chemically de-fined medium (CDM) containing specific concentrations of CA (NaCl, nitrite, sucrose and ascor-bic acid). The results showed minor differences in growth kinetics in the presence of CA. Glucose consumption, present in CDM, and production of lactic acid and bacteriocins were not signifi-cantly affected. Proteomic analyses indicated that most of the identified proteins (36 out of 39) mainly related to carbohydrate metabolism (18%), posttranslational modifications (15.6%), energy production and conversion (11.1%), translation (11.1%) and nucleotide metabolism (8.9%), were under expressed. In response to the studied CA, CRL 705 slowed down its general metabolism, achieving slight changes in physiological and proteomic parameters. The observed performance is another characteristic that extends the well-known competitive profile of CRL 705 as a meat starter- and -bioprotective culture. This is the first report dealing with the impact of CA on LAB proteomics.
Численное исследование аэродинамики головного блока при аварии на старте в условиях ветрового воздействия
Authors: Аникеева М И , Anikeeva M I
Published: August 2023

Осуществляется численное моделирование обтекания тел отделяемого головного блока с системой аварийного спасения и ракеты-носителя в процессе их разделения в условиях ветра с определением сил, моментов и распределения давления в квазистационарной постановке -- изменение расстояния между телами задается дискретно. Главной задачей данного этапа является определение влияния ветра, струй двигательной установки и расстояния между объектами на газодинамические силы и моменты.
¿Por qué alucinan los modelos amplios de lenguaje?
Authors: Garma Oehmichen Luis Alberto
Published: August 2023

La inteligencia artificial (IA) ha sido uno de los temas de conversación más populares este año. En noviembre de 2022 OpenAI liberó ChatGPT al público, un modelo amplio de lenguaje (LLM, large language model, en inglés) capaz de generar y mantener conversaciones coherentes con humanos. Fue tan rotundo el éxito que solo en cinco días había alcanzado un millón de usuarios. Con esto empezó una nueva contienda entre las grandes empresas de tecnología. Cada semana salen nuevos avances, modelos de inteligencia artificial que poco a poco se integran en todos los productos que usamos.
Pérdida de aprendizajes en México
Authors: Gallegos de Dios Osbaldo Amauri
Published: August 2023

En el artículo “Pérdida de aprendizajes en México en educación básica tras la pandemia COVID-19” se analizan las investigaciones sobre pérdida de aprendizajes a nivel mundial por el cierre de escuelas durante la pandemia por Covid-19 y las problemáticas en México porque fue uno de los países que más tardo en reabrir las escuelas de educación básica. De esta forma, se puede entender que el panorama fue muy desalentador en México y la respuesta educativa de la SEP tuvo grandes deficiencias porque no generó un proyecto nacional coordinado de recuperación de aprendizajes al regresar a las clases presenciales.
Diagnóstico a la carta
Authors: Salas Benavides Humberto
Published: August 2023

Corren sus perros inquietos a lo largo del portal, van y vienen. Margarita deja con lentitud y desgano el sofá y de nuevo asoma nerviosa por la ventana: “Dios mío, esto no para, está terrible”. Escurren densos hilos de agua iluminados por los relámpagos. Su casa de campo está envuelta por la oscuridad total, la tormenta cortó la energía eléctrica. Ni señas de su mentora, tiene un retraso de más de treinta minutos.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PBL), MODEL KONVENSIONAL DAN PERHATIAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS IV SDN TANDES KIDUL I/110 SURABAYA
Authors: Novitasari Indah , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: August 2023

Latar belakang dilakukannya Penelitian ini ialah adanya ketidaksiapan pendidik dalam proses kegiatan mengajar. Masih ada para pendidik tidak mengimplementasikan penerapan model pembelajaran yang optimal dalam kegiatan pembelajaran yang meraka lakukan, sedangkan model pembelajaran merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam terselenggaranya kegiatan pembelajaran. Masih banyak ditemukan pendidikan yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan lebih banyak berbicara (ceramah) di depan kelas dan memberikan latihan soal-soal kepada peserta didik. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang cocok untuk diterapkan di sekolah dan dirumah adalah model project based learning (PBL) dikarenakan dengan penugasan peserta didik akan mendapatkan perhatian yang lebih dari orang tua dalam mencapai hasil belajar yang memuaskan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh model project based learning dan perhatian orang tua terhadap belajar peserta didik kelas IV di SDN Tandes Kidul I/110 Surabaya. Dari hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1) ditemukan pengaruh hasil belajar peserta didik yang signifikan dengan model project based learning dengan memperoleh Ho=0,05 > 0,000, maka Ho ditolak dan H¹ diterima. 2) Perbedaan hasil belajar menggunakan model project based learning dapat dianalisis dari nilai terbesar sebesar 4 lebih baik dari pada penggunaan metode pembelajaran konvensional sebesar 2,85. 3) Dari Sajian hasil angket peserta didik kelas IV yang diajar menggunakan model project based learning rata-rata sebesar 87,83 lebih baik dari pada rata-rata penggunaan metode pembelajaran konvensional sebesar 58,58. Berlandaskan data tersebut dapat ditulis kesimpulan bahwa penerapan model project based learning lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hasil belajar tematik peserta didik dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran konvensional.
AOA Critical Issues: Perceptions on the State of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Tabaie Sean A. , Schermerhorn Janse T. , Baird Michael , Lattanza Lisa , Ode Gabriella , Mesfin Addisu
Published: August 2023

Background:

Orthopaedic surgery continues to trail other specialties in increasing diversity among its physician workforce. Various efforts have been and are currently being made to not only increase diversity, but also promote equity and inclusion in the field. The purpose of this study was to survey members of the American Orthopaedic Association (AOA) to determine how leaders in orthopaedics view diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) at the present time and to understand their perspective while moving into the future.

Methods:

An anonymous 11-question survey was disseminated online to AOA members in May 2022. These individuals were identified by the AOA membership directory and the email ListServe. The survey included free-response and multiple-choice questions. Demographic information was self-identified, and both qualitative and quantitative data were collected.

Results:

Of the 1,657 AOA members who were provided the survey, 262 (15.8%) responded. Approximately 29.5% (77) and 45.6% (119) of the surveyed population ranked “retention of underrepresented populations in orthopaedic residency (women, URiM)” as “very important” or “absolutely essential,” respectively. The answers to the free-response questions identified multiple core themes that responders were passionate about, namely resident and attending physician recruitment and retention, as well as resident selection.

Conclusions:

Leaders in the field of orthopaedic surgery desire for action to be taken in the field of DEI. The findings of this survey denote positive attitudes even though many inequalities still pervade the field of orthopaedics. Through mentorship, objective evaluation, transparency, and continued intentional action, orthopaedic surgery is well-positioned to continue to move forward with DEI.
Delayed Diagnosis of Cervical Epidural Hematoma in a 3-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Zhou Yan , Guglielmi Gina , Garg Sumeet , Hankinson Todd C.
Published: August 2023

Case:

A 3-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with torticollis after a fall. With normal cervical radiographs and neurologic exam, he was diagnosed with cervical strain and discharged. After 2-week progressive symptoms, he was referred to a pediatric spine surgeon. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a cervical epidural hematoma, which was then surgically evacuated. He recovered fully and remains symptom-free 2 years later.

Conclusion:

Pediatric spinal epidural hematoma is a rare condition with potentially serious outcomes yet often nonspecific symptoms. Timely management based on a comprehensive evaluation of symptoms and imaging findings is crucial in improving patient outcomes.
Shining a spotlight on the inclusion of disabled participants in clinical trials: a mixed methods study
Authors: Sakuma Yoshiko , Miller Marie L E , Babalis Daphne S , Williams Alex , Reddi Meena , Anjum Aisha , Bruton Jane , Jones Kathryn , Mulla Zeinab , Taddese Henock
Published: August 2023

Background: It is crucial to include a wide range of the population in clinical trials for the outcome to be applicable in real-world settings. Existing literature indicates that under-served groups, including disabled people, have been excluded from participating in clinical trials without justification. Exclusion from clinical trials exacerbates disparities in healthcare and diminishes the benefits for excluded populations. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate potential obstacles that prevent disabled people from participating in clinical trials in the United Kingdom (UK).
Methods: The study was carried out through an explanatory sequential mixed methods design. The Imperial Clinical Trials Unit devised and implemented an online questionnaire-based survey (with open/closed-ended questions) and an online focus group discussion. The target population were disabled people, family members/carers of disabled people and staff involved in clinical trials, whereupon the sample was recruited by convenient sampling methods via posters and emails through various networks. The Qualtrics XM survey system was used as the host platform for the online survey, and Microsoft Team was used for an online focus group discussion. The focus group discussion was conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the themes identified from the survey responses. We analysed responses to the survey via descriptive analysis and used thematic analysis to synthesise the free-text answers from the survey and focus group discussion.
Results:
We received 45 responses to the survey questionnaire and included 5 disabled people in the focus group discussion. Our findings highlighted the differences between the perspective of researchers and those ‘being researched’ and different types of barriers experienced by disabled people: opportunity barriers (inadequate recruitment strategy and ambiguous eligibility criteria), awareness barriers (perception of disability), and acceptance barriers (available support and adjustment, and sharing of trial results).
Conclusion:
Our findings support perspectives drawn from the Ford Framework regarding the need to consider all barriers, not just up to the point of enrolment into trials but also beyond the point of inclusion in clinical trials. We support calls for the introduction of legislation on including disabled people in clinical trials, implementation of industry/community-wide participatory approaches and the development of guidelines, a combined public-private approach.
PKR downregulation prevents copper-induced synaptic dysfunction in a murine model of Wilson’s disease
Authors: Xu Chenchen , Liu Songyang , Gao Manli , Han Yongsheng , Dong Jianjian , Cheng Nan
Published: August 2023

Synaptic efficacy is critical for memory formation and consolidation. Accumulating evidence suggest that synapses are impaired during Wilson’s disease (WD), contributing to neuronal dysfunction and cognitive decline. However, the mechanisms mediating the inhibitory synaptic dysfunction in WD are not fully understood. We investigated the effects of the PKR/eIF2α pathway on the synaptic structure and function of neurons in WD using a murine model (TX mice). During open-field tests for the mice, we observed significant decreases in immobility time and time spent in the center, accompanied by an increase in escape latency in the WD model animals, suggesting that chronic copper deposition leads to cognitive dysfunction. We also found a decrease in the expression of synapse-associated proteins (Synapsin1, Synaptophysin, PSD93, PSD95, and VAMP2) as well as abnormal neurotransmitter levels (including glutamate and GABA), indicating the presence of synaptic dysfunction in the TX mice. Inhibiting PKR via C16 prevented these changes, suggesting that dysfunctional cognition is associated with the PKR/eIF2α pathway. We also observed changes in synapses, vesicles, dendritic spine density, and dendritic length associated with the presence of cognitive dysfunction. Further investigation revealed that C16 treatment decreased the TUNEL-positive cell numbers in the hippocampus of TX mice, and prevented 8-OHdG-induced synaptic dysfunction in the WD model mice. Our results suggest that PKR downregulation prevents copper-induced synaptic dysfunction in the murine WD model. Therefore, targeting PKR pharmacologically may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating the copper-induced neuropathology of patients with WD.