bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proactive prophylaxis with azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (ProPAC-COVID): a statistical analysis plan
Authors: Sivapalan Pradeesh , Ulrik Charlotte Suppli , Lappere Therese Sophie , Eklöf Josefin Viktoria , Shaker Saher Burhan , Bødtger Uffe Christian Steinholtz , Browatzki Andrea , Meyer Christian Niels , Weinreich Ulla Møller , Laursen Christian B. , Biering-Sørensen Tor , Knop Filip Krag , Lundgren Jens D. , Jensen Jens-Ulrik Stæhr
Published: October 2020

Background

There is an urgent need for treatments that can shorten hospitalization and lower the risk of secondary infection and death in patients with corona disease. The ProPac-COVID trial evaluates whether combination therapy with macrolide azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine via anti-inflammation/immune modulation, antiviral efficacy, and pre-emptive treatment of supra-infections can shorten hospitalization duration and reduce the risk of non-invasive ventilation, treatment in the intensive care unit, and death in patients with acute hospital admission and a positive test for 2019-nCoV and symptoms of COVID-19 disease.

Methods

The ProPAC-COVID is a multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial. The primary outcome is number of days spent alive and out of hospital within 14 days from randomization. Randomization will be in blocks of unknown size, and the final allocation will be stratified for age, site of recruitment, and whether the patient has any chronic lung diseases. Data is analyzed using intention-to-treat (ITT) principles, and main analyses will also be subject to modified ITT analysis and per protocol analysis.

Discussion

This paper describes the detailed statistical analysis plan for the evaluation of primary and secondary endpoints of the ProPAC-COVID study. Enrolment of patients to the ProPAC-COVID study is still ongoing. The purpose of this paper is to provide primary publication of study results to prevent selective reporting of outcomes, data-driven analysis, and to increase transparency.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04322396. Registered on 26 March 2020.
The frequency of radial artery occlusion following cardiac catheterization with the use of transradial pneumatic compression band
Authors: Hashmi Kashif Ali , Iqbal Zahid , Hashmi Atif Ali , Shoaib Maira , Irfan Muhammad , Khan Rabeet , Ali Nauman , khan Amir , Edhi Muhammad M.
Published: October 2020

Objectives

Radial artery occlusion is a silent complication of a transradial approach to cardiac catheterization that may complicate subsequent transradial procedures in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. A transradial band reduces vascular complications and provides brisk, powerful and effective haemostasis. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of radial artery occlusion in 180 patients undergoing transradial coronary catheterization.

Results

The median age of the study cohort was 58 years. Radial artery occlusion was found in 14 (7.8%) patients. When stratifying by age group and sex, there was no significant difference in radial artery occlusion between age groups and sex. It was likewise found that comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and smoking, increased the risk of radial artery occlusion however this was observed to be significant only for diabetes mellitus. We therefore conclude that a transradial pneumatic pressure band is an extremely helpful and safe strategy to prevent radial artery occlusion.
Using cyproterone acetate to treat recurrent ischemic priapism in a patient with sickle cell anemia as a comorbidity: a case report
Authors: Alshahrani Ali
Published: October 2020

Introduction

The management of recurrent ischemic priapism is unclear in contemporary practice. Yet, if left untreated, the condition may evolve into an acute ischemic priapism and in some cases result in erectile dysfunction. This report documents the results of successful management of recurrent ischemic priapism using cyproterone acetate in a 30-year-old Saudi man with sickle cell anemia as a comorbidity.

Case presentation

A 30-year-old Saudi man denoted visited the emergency room with a painful erection which had lasted for more than four hours. The patient has sickle cell anemia and a family history of sickle cell disease. He is married and has two children. His first priapism case occurred when he was 7 years old. At the age of 15, the condition recurred, and the patient’s doctor prescribed cyproterone acetate 50 mg twice daily for 5 days. The doctor had told him that whenever he was experiencing priapism, he should adhere to this regimen for 5 days. The doctor could not find any guidelines for the prescription of cyproterone acetate.

Conclusion

Priapism cases represent a significant challenge in therapeutic management because of the elevated risk of structural damage to the penis. The fact that there lacks a clinically approved standard approach to managing the condition make it difficult for physicians to effectively manage the condition. Management of the condition is further complicated by existence of comorbidities such as sickle cell anemia. This patient’s case demonstrates that cyproterone acetate prescription is a great preventative strategy that limits priapism recurrences.
A new mathematical model for Zika virus transmission
Authors: Rezapour Shahram , Mohammadi Hakimeh , Jajarmi Amin
Published: October 2020

We present a new mathematical model for the transmission of Zika virus between humans as well as between humans and mosquitoes. In this way, we use the fractional-order Caputo derivative. The region of the feasibility of system and equilibrium points are calculated, and the stability of equilibrium point is investigated. We prove the existence of a unique solution for the model by using the fixed point theory. By using the fractional Euler method, we get an approximate solution to the model. Numerical results are presented to investigate the effect of fractional derivative on the behavior of functions and also to compare the integer-order derivative and fractional-order derivative results.
Noncontact restoration of missing parts of stone Buddha statue based on three-dimensional virtual modeling and assembly simulation
Authors: Jo Young Hoon , Hong Seonghyuk , Jo Seong Yeon , Kwon Yoon Mi
Published: October 2020

Three-dimensional (3D) digital technology is an essential conservation method that complements the traditional restoration technique of cultural artifacts. In this study, 3D scanning, virtual restoration modeling, and 3D printing were used as a noncontact approach for restoring a damaged stone-seated Bodhisattva (stone Buddha statue). First, a 3D model with an average point density of 0.2 mm was created by integrating the fixed high-precision scanning of the exterior and the handheld mid-precision scanning of the interior excavated hole. Using a 3D deterioration map of the stone Buddha statue, the area of the missing parts was measured to be 400.1 cm2 (5.5% of the total area). Moreover, 257.1 cm2 (64.2% of the missing part area) of four parts, including the head, surrounding area of the Baekho, right ear, and right eye, for which symmetry was applicable for modeling or there could be ascertainable historical evidence for the total missing parts, was selected for restoration. The virtual restoration of the missing parts of the stone Buddha statue was performed using a haptic modeling system in the following order. First, the location of the three fragments detached from the head was determined. Next, a reference model was selected, and its symmetrization and modification with respect to the original model were conducted. Further, estimation modeling and outer shape description were achieved through historical research and consultation with experts. The heuristic-based assembly suitability of the created virtual restoration model (461 cm3) was verified by design mockup printing and digital–analog simulation. In particular, to address assembly interference, the interface surface was modified and reprocessed several times. Accordingly, the volume of the final design mockup decreased by 5.2% (437 cm3). Photopolymerization 3D printing technology was used for the actual restoration of the stone Buddha statue, and considering the surface roughness, the layer thickness of the material used for restoration was set at 0.10 mm. Finally, the surface of the printed output was colored to prevent yellowing and joined to the missing parts of the stone Buddha statue. This study presents a remarkable case of shifting from the traditional manual-contact method to the contactless digital method for restoring artifacts and is expected to largely contribute to increasing the usability of digital technologies in the restoration of cultural artifacts.
Hydrochemical and operational parameters driving carbonate scale kinetics at geothermal facilities in the Bavarian Molasse Basin
Authors: Köhl Bernhard , Elsner Martin , Baumann Thomas
Published: October 2020

The majority of scales observed at geothermal facilities exploring the Malm Aquifer in the Bavarian Molasse Basin are carbonates. They form due to a disruption of the lime–carbonic acid equilibrium during production caused by a reduction of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide due to pressure change and degassing. These scales are found at the pumps, production pipes, filters, heat exchangers, and occasionally in the injection pipes. In this study, scales of all sections of geothermal facilities were taken. The database consists of scale samples from 13 geothermal pumps, 6,000 m production pipe (sample interval 10 - 12 m), 11 heat exchanger revisions, 2 injection pipes, and numerous filter elements. The samples were analyzed by SEM-EDX, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and acid digestion to assess their chemical and mineralogical composition. From direct gauge measurements at six facilities during pump changes, scale rates were determined along the production pipes. From indirect measurements (multifinger caliper measurements) scale rates are derived for the region below the pump. Hydrochemical analyses from the wellhead were taken from 13 sites to feed the hydrogeochemical models. The calcite scale rates in the production pipes increase from the pump to the wellhead, where they reach 1.5 - 4.1 $$\mu$$μmol/($$\hbox {m}^2\,\cdot$$m2· s). Scale rates below the pump reach up to 1.5 $$\mu$$μmol/($$\hbox {m}^2\,\cdot$$m2· s). Given the slight change of hydrochemistry on the rise through the production pipe, where < 4 % of dissolved calcium ions precipitate as scale, scale rates cannot be derived from water samples at the wellhead, but require direct gauge measurements. The small amount of precipitation, together with fully turbulent conditions suggests that all measured rates are controlled by the surface-reaction of calcite crystallization following the nomenclature of Appelo and Postma (2004). Two approaches are used for the modeling of the scale rates. The first approach is based on hydrogeochemical modeling with PHREEQC. Scale rates calculated by this method are one order of magnitude higher than the measured ones. The second approach is based on correlations between the measured scale rates at the wellhead at six facilities and identified thermodynamic scale drivers ($$\Delta$$Δ log (p$$\hbox {CO}_2$$CO2),$$\Delta$$Δtotal pressure,$$\Delta$$Δ pH, and$$\hbox {SI}_{{calcite}}$$SIcalcite). The correlations allow linear regressions which are used for the prediction of the scale rate at the wellhead, along the whole production pipe, and below. The modeling results show that scale prediction based on the new regressions that rely on thermodynamic scale drivers works better than existing hydrogeochemical models, already without implementation of kinetic parameters ($$\hbox {CO}_2$$CO2-stripping and magnesium inhibition).
Application of the technical - pedagogical resource 3D holographic LED-fan display in the classroom
Authors: Prado Ortega Mauricio Xavier , Delgado Ramírez Jorge Cristopher , Valarezo Castro Jorge Washington , Armijos Carrión Jorge Luis , Ávila Carvajal Asisclo Alfonso , González Segarra Anyeline Natalia
Published: October 2020

The currently secondary education needs the contribution of new techno-pedagogical resources, where the resource, teaching and learning skills are integrated to motivate students in their learning. For this reason, the field of holographics is presented as a dynamic alternative to the growing use of image projectors. However, these resources are not available to teachers and educational institutions because of their high costs. This research seeks to show how led-based technologies can be applied in secondary education, so allow the classroom attention of students and improve their interest in learning through the use of the 3D Holographic LED-Fan Display. In this way, the objective is to improve the student’s motivation for learning using current resources according to the realities of the current context of education, which may not have availability of mobile devices due to their high costs, thus they have not been considered for the present study. The research approach is a mixed methodology combining qualitative and quantitative information through an educational study case applied to the Kléber Franco Cruz School with the intervention of pre-professional practices carried out by the Technical University of Machala in Ecuador, through the realization of an integrative knowledge project with students with different profiles according to their curriculum, in order to face the different challenges of teaching.
One health approach to tackle brucellosis: a systematic review
Authors: Ghanbari Mahboubeh Khaton , Gorji Hasan Abolghasem , Behzadifar Masoud , Sanee Nadia , Mehedi Nafiul , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi
Published: October 2020

Background

Brucellosis is the most significant and common bacterial zoonosis and is recognized as a re-emerging and neglected disease. Tackling zoonosis is very important for the health and the economy. One Health is an approach characterized by the integration of human and animal health, plants, and ecosystems and encourages joining local, national, and global multidisciplinary efforts to achieve optimal levels of health and collaboration among different disciplines to address complex health problems.

Objectives

The present study aimed to review published scientific literature related to the use of the One Health approach to tackle human brucellosis.

Methods

Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched from inception until 30 January 2020. The reference lists of all relevant papers were hand-searched. Two authors extracted data from published studies independently. The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was used to assess the quality of studies.

Results

Of 2297 studies, 10 studies were deemed eligible, which were conducted between 2013 and 2019. Studies were performed in Uganda, Malta, Serbia, Greece, Mongolia, Azerbaijan, Israel, India, Ethiopia, and the USA. All studies suggested that brucellosis is still a major public health problem and that the most important aspect of the One Health approach is the interdependence of humans, ecosystems, and animals .Some studies have focused on livestock vaccination as the most effective way to prevent disease, and others have focused on the biology of Brucella infection and its transmission patterns. Some studies have pointed to the effectiveness of the One Health approach in all the phases of disease management as well as to its role in reducing health costs.

Conclusion

The success of the approach depends on the willingness of the decision-makers to implement the necessary policies. Due to the heterogeneity of current practices, and organizations involved in One Health approach-based programs, it will be incomplete without proper planning. To better implement the approach, strategies should be appraised and disseminated by experts and relevant stakeholders.
3D printed bone models in oral and cranio-maxillofacial surgery: a systematic review
Authors: Meglioli Matteo , Naveau Adrien , Macaluso Guido Maria , Catros Sylvain
Published: October 2020

Aim

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the use of three-dimensional (3D) printed bone models for training, simulating and/or planning interventions in oral and cranio-maxillofacial surgery.

Materials and methods

A systematic search was conducted using PubMed® and SCOPUS® databases, up to March 10, 2019, by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol. Study selection, quality assessment (modified Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool) and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. All original full papers written in English/French/Italian and dealing with the fabrication of 3D printed models of head bone structures, designed from 3D radiological data were included.

Multiple parameters and data were investigated, such as author’s purpose, data acquisition systems, printing technologies and materials, accuracy, haptic feedback, variations in treatment time, differences in clinical outcomes, costs, production time and cost-effectiveness.

Results

Among the 1157 retrieved abstracts, only 69 met the inclusion criteria. 3D printed bone models were mainly used as training or simulation models for tumor removal, or bone reconstruction. Material jetting printers showed best performance but the highest cost. Stereolithographic, laser sintering and binder jetting printers allowed to create accurate models with adequate haptic feedback. The cheap fused deposition modeling printers exhibited satisfactory results for creating training models.

Conclusion

Patient-specific 3D printed models are known to be useful surgical and educational tools. Faced with the large diversity of software, printing technologies and materials, the clinical team should invest in a 3D printer specifically adapted to the final application.
Noise2Atom: unsupervised denoising for scanning transmission electron microscopy images
Authors: Wang Feng , Henninen Trond R. , Keller Debora , Erni Rolf
Published: October 2020

We propose an effective deep learning model to denoise scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) image series, named Noise2Atom, to map images from a source domain $\mathcal {S}$
S
to a target domain $\mathcal {C}$
C
, where $\mathcal {S}$
S
is for our noisy experimental dataset, and $\mathcal {C}$
C
is for the desired clear atomic images. Noise2Atom uses two external networks to apply additional constraints from the domain knowledge. This model requires no signal prior, no noise model estimation, and no paired training images. The only assumption is that the inputs are acquired with identical experimental configurations. To evaluate the restoration performance of our model, as it is impossible to obtain ground truth for our experimental dataset, we propose consecutive structural similarity (CSS) for image quality assessment, based on the fact that the structures remain much the same as the previous frame(s) within small scan intervals. We demonstrate the superiority of our model by providing evaluation in terms of CSS and visual quality on different experimental datasets.
Updated Breast Cancer Surveillance Recommendations for Female Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer From the International Guideline Harmonization Group
Authors: Mulder Renée L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Bhatia Smita , Landier Wendy , Levitt Gill , Constine Louis S. , Wallace W. Hamish , van Leeuwen Flora E. , Ronckers Cécile M. , Henderson Tara O. , Moskowitz Chaya S. , Friedman Danielle N. , Ng Andrea K. , Jenkinson Helen C. , Demoor-Goldschmidt Charlotte , Skinner Roderick , Kremer Leontien C.M. , Oeffinger Kevin C.
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE

As new evidence is available, the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group has updated breast cancer surveillance recommendations for female survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer.

METHODS

We used evidence-based methods to apply new knowledge in refining the international harmonized recommendations developed in 2013. The guideline panel updated the systematic literature review, developed evidence summaries, appraised the evidence, and updated recommendations on the basis of evidence, clinical judgement, and consideration of benefits versus the harms of the surveillance interventions while attaining flexibility in implementation across different health care systems. The GRADE Evidence-to-Decision framework was used to translate evidence to recommendations. A survivor information form was developed to counsel survivors about the potential harms and benefits of surveillance.

RESULTS

The literature update identified new study findings related to the effects of prescribed moderate-dose chest radiation (10 to 19 Gy), radiation dose-volume, anthracyclines and alkylating agents in non–chest irradiated survivors, and the effects of ovarian function on breast cancer risk. Moreover, new data from prospective investigations were available regarding the performance metrics of mammography and magnetic resonance imaging among survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma. Modified recommendations include the performance of mammography and breast magnetic resonance imaging for survivors treated with 10 Gy or greater chest radiation (strong recommendation) and upper abdominal radiation exposing breast tissue at a young age (moderate recommendation) at least annually up to age 60 years. As a result of inconsistent evidence, no recommendation could be formulated for routine breast cancer surveillance for survivors treated with any type of anthracyclines in the absence of chest radiation.

CONCLUSION

The newly identified evidence prompted significant change to the recommendations formulated in 2013 related to moderate-dose chest radiation and anthracycline exposure as well as breast cancer surveillance modality.
Biochemical Remission after Cabergoline Withdrawal in Hyperprolactinemic Patients with Visible Remnant Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Kim Kyungwon , Park Yae Won , Kim Daham , Ahn Sung Soo , Moon Ju Hyung , Kim Eui Hyun , Lee Eun Jig , Ku Cheol Ryong
Published: October 2020

Context

Dopamine agonists (DAs) are the first-line therapy for prolactinomas. Although pituitary tumors often do not completely disappear, discontinuing DAs in patients with no visible tumor on magnetic resonance imaging is advised.

Objective

To analyze biochemical remission after cabergoline (CAB) withdrawal in patients with visible remnant pituitary tumors.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Severance Hospital.

Subjects

We identified 734 patients with prolactinomas undergoing CAB therapy for at least 12 months from 2005 to 2018. We selected 44 patients with prolactinomas who discontinued CAB with normal prolactin levels; they were receiving a minimal CAB dose but had visible remnant tumors.

Results

Median age at diagnosis was 32 (18-58) years, and most patients were women (95.45%). Median treatment duration was 32 (12-120) months. Of 44 patients, 33 continued to have normoprolactinemia, but 11 patients developed hyperprolactinemia after drug withdrawal within 26 (12-97) months. Age, sex, maximal and remnant tumor size, and treatment duration were similar between the groups. The initial prolactin level and chances of cavernous sinus (CS) invasion were higher in the recurrence group. CS invasion at diagnosis was associated with an increased recurrence rate. Although treatment response did not correlate with the initial and final signal intensity assessments, a significant decrease in T2 intensity ratio after 6 months of CAB therapy was observed in the remission group (P = .043).

Conclusion

In patients with visible tumors, the presence of CS invasion at diagnosis may be an unfavorable predictor for biochemical remission after CAB discontinuation.
Parental LC-PUFA biosynthesis capacity and nutritional intervention with ALA affect performance of Sparus aurata progeny
Authors: Turkmen Serhat , Zamorano Maria J. , Xu Hanlin , Fernández-Palacios Hipólito , Robaina Lidia , Kaushik Sadasivam , Izquierdo Marisol
Published: October 2020

Environmental factors such as nutritional interventions during early developmental stages affect and establish long-term metabolic changes in all animals. Diets used during the spawning period causes a nutritional programming effect in offspring of gilthead sea bream and affects long-term metabolism. Studies showed modulation of genes such as fads2 which is considered to be a rate-limiting step in the synthesis of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA). However, it is still unknown whether this adaptation is related to the presence of precursors or limitations in the pre-formed products, n-3 LC-PUFA, contained in the diets used during nutritional programming. This study investigates the combined effects of nutritional programming through broodstock diets during the spawning period and broodfish showing higher or lower fads2 expression levels in the blood after 1-month feeding with a diet containing high levels of plant protein sources and vegetable oils (VM/VO). Broodfish showing high fads2 expression had a noticeable improvement in the spawning quality parameters as well as on the growth of 6 months old offspring when challenged with a high VM/VO diet. Further, nutritional conditioning with 18:3n-3 rich diets had an adverse effect in comparison to progeny obtained from fish fed high fish meal and fish oil (FM/FO) diets, with a reduction in growth of juveniles. Improved growth of progeny from the high fads2 broodstock combined with similar muscle fatty acid profiles is an excellent option also for tailoring and increasing the flesh n-3 LC-PUFA levels to meet the recommended dietary allowances for human consumption.
Pollen reinforces learning in honey bee pollen foragers but not in nectar foragers
Authors: Nery Denise , Moreno Emilia , Arenas Andrés
Published: October 2020

Searching for reward motivates and drives behaviour. In honey bees, Apis mellifera, specialized pollen foragers are attracted to and learn odours with pollen. However, pollen's role as a reward remains poorly understood. Unlike nectar, pollen is not ingested during collection. We hypothesized that pollen (but not nectar) foragers could learn pollen by the sole antennal or tarsal stimulation. Then, we tested how pairing of pollen (either hand- or bee-collected) and a neutral odour during a pre-conditioning affects performance of both pollen and nectar foragers during the classical conditioning of the proboscis extension response. Secondly, we tested whether nectar and pollen foragers perceive the simultaneous presentation of pollen (on the tarsi) and sugar (on the antennae) as a better reinforcement than sucrose alone. Finally, we searched for differences in learning of the pollen and nectar foragers when they were prevented from ingesting the reward during the conditioning. Differences in pollen reinforced learning correlate with division of labour between pollen and nectar foragers. Results show that pollen foragers performed better than nectar foragers during the conditioning phase after being pre-conditioned with pollen. Pollen foragers also performed better than nectar foragers in both the acquisition and extinction phases of the conditioning, when reinforced with the dual reward. Consistently, pollen foragers showed improved abilities to learn cues reinforced without sugar ingestion. We discussed that differences in how pollen and nectar foragers respond to a cue associated with pollen greatly contribute to the physiological mechanism that underlies foraging specialization in the honeybee.
Excitonic Energy Level of Homo- and Hetero-Dimers and Their Composition in the Native Water-Soluble Chlorophyll Protein from Lepidium Virginicum
Authors: Ohtsuki Takayuki , Uchida Akira , Nishigaki Atsuko , Nagashima Umpei , Takahashi Shigekazu , Ohshima Shigeru
Published: October 2020

The native water-soluble chlorophyll protein, CP663, extracted from Lepidium virginicum, consists of four subunits, each with one chlorophyll (Chl), and the four Chls form two dimers in an orthogonal arrangement. Accordingly, CP663 is considered to have three dimers, Chl a–Chl a (AA), Chl a–Chl b (AB), and Chl b–Chl b (BB), in a certain composition and to provide six excitonic transitions because each dimer gives rise to low (L)- and high (H)-energy transitions. To investigate the excitonic transitions and the dimeric composition, the absorption and circular dichroism spectra of CP663 were measured and the electronic transitions of the dimers were calculated by Zerner’s intermediate neglect of differential overlap method. On the basis of the experimental and calculated results, the Qy-absorption band was deconvoluted by the Gaussian fitting method. The resulting six Gaussian components were assigned to the individual transitions and the excitonic transition energy was found to increase in the order AAL, ABL, AAH, BBL, ABH, and BBH. From the spectral areas of the components, the composition of the dimers was calculated as AA:AB:BB = 0.52:0.34:0.14, indicating that CP663 accommodates the homodimers in preference to the heterodimer.
Functionalization of Self-supporting Graphene with a High Grafting Yield for Hydrophilicity Improvement
Authors: Xin Guoxiang , Wang Mengmeng , Zhai Yao , Zhang Bangwen , Song Jinling , Liu Xiaoxu
Published: October 2020

The functionalization of self-supporting graphene (SSG) which in-situ grows on a flexible graphite sheet is performed by an electrochemical exfoliation in a HCl solution and then a diazonium reaction using p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid. The functionalized SSG is defined as F-SSG. The grafting yield of benzenesulfonic acid groups on F-SSG is up to 7.5%. The conductivity of the F-SSG is 502.7 S/cm. The water contact angle of F-SSG is only 28.6°, which is much smaller than that of SSG, displaying good hydrophilicity.
Protocol for a proof-of-concept observational study evaluating the potential utility and acceptability of a telemedicine solution for the post-anesthesia care unit
Authors: Budelier Thaddeus P. , King Christopher Ryan , Goswami Shreya , Bansal Anchal , Gregory Stephen H. , Wildes Troy S. , Abraham Joanna , McKinnon Sherry L. , Cooper Amy , Kangrga Ivan , Martin, Jr. Jackie L. , Milbrandt Melissa , Evers Alex S. , Avidan Michael S.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) is a clinical area designated for patients recovering from invasive procedures. There are typically several geographically dispersed PACUs within hospitals. Patients in the PACU can be unstable and at risk for complications. However, clinician coverage and patient monitoring in PACUs is not well regulated and might be sub-optimal. We hypothesize that a telemedicine center for the PACU can improve key PACU functions.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to demonstrate the potential utility and acceptability of a telemedicine center to complement the key functions of the PACU. These include participation in hand-off activities to and from the PACU, detection of physiological derangements, identification of symptoms requiring treatment, recognition of situations requiring emergency medical intervention, and determination of patient readiness for PACU discharge.

Methods and analysis: This will be a single center prospective before-and-after proof-of-concept study. Adults (18 years and older) undergoing elective surgery and recovering in two selected PACU bays will be enrolled. During the initial three-month observation phase, clinicians in the telemedicine center will not communicate with clinicians in the PACU, unless there is a specific patient safety concern. During the subsequent three-month interaction phase, clinicians in the telemedicine center will provide structured decision support to PACU clinicians. The primary outcome will be time to PACU discharge readiness determination in the two study phases. The attitudes of key stakeholders towards the telemedicine center will be assessed. Other outcomes will include detection of physiological derangements, complications, adverse symptoms requiring treatments, and emergencies requiring medical intervention.

Registration: This trial is registered on clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04020887 (16th July 2019).
The Family of Zeus in Early Greek Poetry and Myths
Authors: Duev Ratko
Published: October 2020

The Family of Zeus in Early Greek Poetry and Myths In early epic poetry it is evident that certain differences exist in both traditions, mainly due to the fact that Homer’s epic poems were written on the western coast of Asia Minor and the surrounding islands, while Hesiod’s poems were composed on mainland Greece. From the analysis, it becomes clear that the development of the cult of an Indo-European Sky Father differs significantly from the assumed Proto-Indo-European tradition. His family is completely different from that in the Indo-European tradition. His wife is the goddess Hera, whom Homer calls ‘old’, as opposed to the Hesiodic tradition, in which Hestia and Demeter are older than her. Homer makes no mention whatsoever of Hestia. The ‘daughters of Zeus’ are the goddesses Athena and Aphrodite, and the ‘son of Zeus’ is Apollo. The family of Zeus according to Homer also differs from the archaeological findings of the tradition on land. Hera of Samos bears no resemblance to Hera of Argos. The oldest large temples are connected to her, as well as to the memory of Oceanus and Thetis as parents to the gods, which is a direct influence of the Mesopotamian myths of Apsu and Tiamat. Homer’s Zeus from Mount Ida, Hera of Samos, Apollo of Cilla, and Tenedus and Artemis of Ephesus are closer to the Anatolian tradition.
Die Thebanische Sintflutsage
Authors: Jagiełło Mieszek
Published: October 2020

Die Thebanische Sintflutsage The Ogygian Flood is one of the lesser known flood myths. Unfortunately, there are only late and very vage accounts of it. Certain passages from Homer and Hesiod however allow a tentative reconstruction of the Theban deluge. Furthermore, a comparatistic approach gives the opportunity to adduce earlier, more elaborate oriental flood myths in order to get a glimpse of some of the facettes of the Theban adaptation of these myths. The paper includes some remarks on the etymology of ‘Ogyges’ from Gr. Ὠκεανός and Hit. ḫuḫḫaš, as well as the consideration that the demon Pašittu (Lamaštu) is in fact the Theban sphinx and therefore, Hera should be identified with Nintu.
The Romantic and British Sublime in Kalvos' Odes
Authors: Georganta Athina
Published: October 2020

The Romantic and British Sublime in Kalvos' Odes In terms of the sublimity of his verses, the Modern Greek poet Andreas Kalvos (1792–1869) can be compared to the greatest poets of Modern European Literature. He rose to the peak of the Modern Greek Parnassus thanks to two short poetry collections. The first series of his Odes was published in Geneva in 1824 and the second one in Paris in 1826. Earlier, from 1816 to 1820, he had lived in London, during the full development of British Romantic lyricism. The poet’s fame, his enduring influence, and the constantly renewed interest in his poetry are due in large part to the great achievement of sublimity in his Odes. At present, the sublime is considered a critical concept with which to approach the works of the Romantic canon. In the following study, through the microscopic analysis of a Kalvian image, I intend to firstly reveal the dynamics of the particular British sublime. At the same time, I will trace the dedication of the Romantics to the theory of Longinus and the creative revival of the longinian sublime in Kalvos’ Odes.
Modernidade, progresso e ciência
Authors: Oliveira Aercio Barbosa
Published: October 2020

O ensaio procura problematizar as causas e os efeitos da pandemia dentro da modernidade com o a importância dada à ciência e à ideologia de progresso.
Recomendações para o manejo da úlcera da perna em pessoas com doença falciforme
Authors: Borges Eline Lima , Spira Josimare Aparecida Otoni , Garcia Taysa De Fátima
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: propor recomendações baseadas em evidências científicas para a prevenção e tratamento da úlcera da perna em pessoas com doença falciforme. Método: estudo de revisão integrativa, realizado a partir de busca nas bases de dados Scopus, Science Direct, Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, em março de 2020. Resultados: foram publicados dez estudos entre 2010 e 2017. Extraíram-se 20 recomendações com nível de evidência classificado em muito baixo, baixo e moderado, organizadas em cinco temas: avaliação do paciente e da úlcera da perna; manejo da úlcera e do edema; utilização de coberturas no tratamento da úlcera; recomendações para manejo de úlcera recalcitrante; e autocuidado para prevenção de úlcera. Conclusão: o estudo permitiu identificar recomendações para prevenção e tratamento da úlcera da perna em pessoas com doença falciforme, que podem complementar as condutas apresentadas no manual do Ministério da Saúde a respeito do tema.
Prediction technique of aberration coefficients of interference fringes and phase diagrams based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Whang Allen Jong-Woei , Chen Yi-Yung , Chang Cheng-Ming , Liang Yu-Cheng , Yang Tsai-Hsien , Lin Cheng-Tse , Chou Chun-Han
Published: October 2020

In this study, we present a new way to predict the Zernike coefficients of optical system. We predict the Zernike coefficients through the function of image recognition in the neural network. It can reduce the mathematical operations commonly used in the interferometers and improve the measurement accuracy. We use the phase difference and the interference fringe as the input of the neural network to predict the coefficients respectively and compare the effects of the two models. In this study, python and optical simulation software are used to confirm the overall effect. As a result, all the Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE) are less than 0.09, which means that the interference fringes or the phase difference can be directly converted into coefficients. Not only can the calculation steps be reduced, but the overall efficiency can be improved and the calculation time reduced. For example, we could use it to check the performance of camera lenses.
Mid-IR refractive index sensor for detecting proteins employing an external cavity quantum cascade laser-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Dabrowska Alicja , Schwaighofer Andreas , Lindner Stefan , Lendl Bernhard
Published: October 2020

Novel laser light sources in the mid-infrared region enable new spectroscopy schemes beyond classical absorption spectroscopy. Herein, we introduce a refractive index sensor based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and an external-cavity quantum cascade laser that allows rapid acquisition of high-resolution spectra of liquid-phase samples, sensitive to relative refractive index changes down to 10−7. Dispersion spectra of three model proteins in deuterated solution were recorded at concentrations as low as 0.25 mg mL−1. Comparison with Kramers-Kronig-transformed Fourier transform infrared absorbance spectra revealed high conformance, and obtained figures of merit compare well with conventional high-end FTIR spectroscopy. Finally, we performed partial least squares-based multivariate analysis of a complex ternary protein mixture to showcase the potential of dispersion spectroscopy utilizing the developed sensor to tackle complex analytical problems. The results indicate that laser-based dispersion sensing can be successfully used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of proteins.
Optical analysis of a multi-aperture solar central receiver system for high-temperature concentrating solar applications
Authors: Li Lifeng , Wang Bo , Pye John , Bader Roman , Wang Wujun , Lipiński Wojciech
Published: October 2020

A multi-aperture solar central receiver system is optically analyzed for increasing the net power to the receiver in a wide temperature range of 600–1800 K. A model system comprises a tower, a multi-aperture receiver with compound parabolic concentrators, and heliostat sub-fields. Optical modeling is performed using in-house developed Monte-Carlo ray-tracing programs. The heliostat sub-field geometrical configuration, the number of receiver apertures and optical properties of reflective surfaces are varied in the parametric study. Increasing the number of apertures from one to four increases the maximum net receiver power from 116 MW to 332 MW. The use of more than four apertures results in only limited further gain of the net receiver power but significantly decreases the overall optical efficiency and the solar-to-thermal efficiency. The optimal temperature for the maximized annual solar-to-exergy efficiency is found in the range of 1100–1200 K. This optimal temperature decreases slightly with an increasing number of apertures.
Covariance spectroscopy of molecular gases using fs pulse bursts created by modulational instability in gas-filled hollow-core fiber
Authors: Suresh Mallika Irene , Russell Philip St. J. , Tani Francesco
Published: October 2020

We present a technique that uses noisy broadband pulse bursts generated by modulational instability to probe nonlinear processes, including infrared-inactive Raman transitions, in molecular gases. These processes imprint correlations between different regions of the noisy spectrum, which can be detected by acquiring single shot spectra and calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the different frequency components. Numerical simulations verify the experimental measurements and are used to further understand the system and discuss methods to improve the signal strength and the spectral resolution of the technique.
Comprehensive yield model for plantation teak in Panama
Authors: Seppänen Petteri , Mäkinen Antti
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to prepare a comprehensive, computerized teak ( L.f) plantation yield model system that can be used to describe the forest dynamics, predict growth and yield and support forest planning and decision-making. Extensive individual tree and permanent sample plot data were used to develop tree-level volume models, taper curve models and stand-level yield models for teak plantations in Panama. Tree volume models were satisfactorily validated against independent measurement data and other published models. Tree height as input parameter improved the stem volume model marginally. Stand level yield models produced comparable harvest volumes with models published in the literature. Stand level volume product outputs were found like actual harvests with an exception that the models marginally underestimate the share of logs in very large diameter classes. The kind of comprehensive model developed in this study and implemented in an easy to use software package provides a very powerful decision support tool. Optimal forest management regimes can be found by simulating different planting densities, thinning regimes and final harvest ages. Forest practitioners can apply growth and yield models in the appropriate stand level inventory data and perform long term harvest scheduling at property level or even at an entire timberland portfolio level. Harvest schedules can be optimized using the applicable financial parameters (silviculture costs, harvesting costs, wood prices and discount rates) and constraints (market size and operational capacity).Tectona grandis
Exploring Intersections of Work Intensity and Professional Learning: Female Teachers’ Responses to Research Engagement as Professional Learning
Authors:   Xavier University, Mitton-Kukner, St. Francis Jennifer
Published: October 2020

Much research has focused upon the promise of teacher research engagement as a form of professional learning. Yet, little scholarship has looked closely at how female teachers juggle research engagement alongside personal and professional responsibilities. This inquiry into the research experiences of two mid-career teachers provides an up-close look at the ways they attempted to sustain engagement over a three-year period. Attending closely to participants’ accounts of time use, as they engaged in research activities, sheds light upon the presence of socio-cultural expectations, in these instances, constraining their efforts and, arguably, impacting the depth of their professional learning.
Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity and the role of beta-blockers in moderate/severe traumatic brain injury: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Nguembu Stephane
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION

Most cases of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) result from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Little is known about its pathophysiology and treatment, and several neuroprotective drugs are used including beta-blockers. Our study aims to collate existing evidence of the role of beta-blockers in the treatment of PSH.

METHOD

We will search MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. The search terms used will cover the following terms: paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, traumatic brain injury and beta-blockers.

No language or geographical restrictions will be applied. Two independent co-authors will screen the titles and abstracts of each article following predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. If there is a conflict the two reviewers will find a consensus and if they cannot a third co-author will decide.

Using a pre-designed and pre-piloted data extraction form, data from each included citation will be collected ( authors identification, study type, TBI severity, type of beta-blockers used, the dosage of the drug, clinical signs of PSH, Glasgow Coma Scale, Glasgow Outcome Scale , mortality , morbidity and length of stay). Simple descriptive data analyses will be performed and the results will be presented both in a narrative and tabular form.

RESULTS

The effectiveness of beta-blockers in post-TBI PHS will be evaluated through clinical signs of PHS(increased heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, blood pressure, and sweating), Glasgow Coma Scale, and Glasgow Outcome Scale.. mortality, morbidity and length of stay.

CONCLUSION

At the end of this scoping review, we will design a systematic review with metaanalysis if there are a reasonable number of studies otherwise we will design a randomized controlled trial.
A Physical Theory of Information vs A Mathematical Theory of Communication
Authors: Amiri Manouchehr
Published: October 2020

In this article, I develop a general notion of physical bit information which is compatible with the basics of quantum mechanics and incorporates the Shannon entropy as a special case. This notion of physical information leads to Binary data matrix model (BDM) which predicts the basic results of quantum mechanics, general relativity, and black hole thermodynamics. the compatibility of the model with holographic, information conservation and Landauers principles is investigated. After deriving the Bit Information principle as a consequence of BDM, the fundamental equations of Planck, De Broglie, Beckenstein and mass-energy equivalence are derived.
Are Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease at an Increased Risk of Developing SARS-CoV-2 than Patients Without Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Results From a Nationwide Veterans' Affairs Cohort Study
Authors: Khan Nabeel , Patel Dhruvan , Xie Dawei , Pernes Tyler , Lewis James , Yang Yu-Xiao
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION:

The clinic course of SARS-CoV-2 among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been extensively studied. However, there is a paucity of data on whether patients with IBD have an increased risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 with compared with patients without IBD.

METHODS:

We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study in the US Veterans’ Affairs healthcare system from January 1, 2020, to June 30, 2020. We matched each patient with IBD with 2 patients without IBD on age, sex, race, location, and comorbidities. The outcome of interest was development of SARS-CoV-2.

RESULTS:

Among 38,378 patients with IBD and 67,433 patients without IBD, 87 (0.23%) and 132 (0.20%) patients developed incident SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively (P = 0.29).

DISCUSSION:

Patients with IBD are not at a significantly increased risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 infection when compared with patients without IBD.