bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flavour-Changing Neutral Scalar Interactions of the Top Quark
Authors: Castro Nuno Filipe , Skovpen Kirill
Published: November 2022

A study of the top-quark interactions via flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) processes provides an intriguing connection between the heaviest elementary particle of the standard model (SM) of particle physics and the new scalar bosons that are predicted in several notable SM extensions. The production cross sections of the processes with top-scalar FCNC interactions can be significantly enhanced to the observable level at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The present review summarises the latest experimental results on the study of the top-quark interactions with the Higgs boson via an FCNC and describes several promising directions to look for new scalar particles.
PPARγ/mTOR Regulates the Synthesis and Release of Prostaglandins in Ovine Trophoblast Cells in Early Pregnancy
Authors: Hao Kexing , Wang Jing , Li Zhiyuan , Chen Huihui , Jia Bin , Hu Guangdong
Published: November 2022

Trophoblast cells synthesize and secrete prostaglandins (PGs), which are essential for ruminants in early gestation to recognize pregnancy. Hormones in the intrauterine environment play an important role in regulating PGs synthesis during implantation, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, co-treatment of sheep trophoblast cells (STCs) with progesterone (P4), estradiol (E2), and interferon-tau (IFN-τ) increased the ratio of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) expression, while inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and activating cellular autophagy. Under hormone treatment, inhibition of PPARγ activity decreased the ratio of PGE2/PGF2α and cellular activity, while activating expression of the mTOR downstream marker—the phosphorylation of p70S6K (p-p70S6K). We also found that the PPARγ/mTOR pathway played an important role in regulating trophoblast cell function. Inhibition of the mTOR pathway by rapamycin increased the ratio of PGE2/PGF2α and decreased the expression of apoptosis-related proteins after inhibiting PPARγ activity. In conclusion, our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of prostaglandin regulation of trophoblast cells in sheep during early pregnancy, indicating that the PPARγ/mTOR pathway plays an important role in PGs secretion and cell viability.
Rothia nasimurium as a Cause of Disease: First Isolation from Farmed Chickens
Authors: Zhang Jiahao , Mo Shaojiang , Li Hu , Yang Ruizhi , Liu Xiangjie , Xing Xiaoyue , Hu Yahui , Li Lianrui
Published: November 2022

Rothia nasimurium is a facultative anaerobic Gram-positive coccus belonging to the Rothia genus of the Micrococcaceae family. While Rothia nasimurium is considered an opportunistic pathogen, to date few studies have investigated its pathogenicity and drug resistance. In January 2022, chickens at a poultry farm in China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region became ill and died. Treatment with commonly used Chinese medicines and antibiotics was ineffective, causing economic losses to the poultry farm. In order to determine the cause of the disease in these poultry farm chickens, the isolation and identification of the pathogens in the livers and other internal organs of the sick and dead chickens were performed. Further, animal pathogenicity tests, antibiotic susceptibility tests, and the detection of antibiotic resistance genes were carried out to analyze the pathogenicity and drug resistance of the identified pathogens. A Gram-positive coccus was isolated from the livers of the diseased chickens. The isolate was resistant to 17 antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, and florfenicol, and was only sensitive to penicillin, amikacin, and tigecycline, to varying degrees. The results of the drug resistance gene testing indicated that the isolated bacterium carried 13 kinds of resistance genes. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, morphological observations, biochemical tests, and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis were performed on the isolated bacterium, and it was determined that the isolated bacterial strain was Rothia nasimurium. The animal pathogenicity tests showed that the isolate caused feather loss and death in chicks; the clinical symptoms and necropsy lesions of the test chicks were consistent with those observed in the farmed chickens. A review of the literature revealed that, to date, there are no reports of infection with Rothia nasimurium in chickens. Thus, in this study, Rothia nasimurium was isolated from chickens for the first time and an investigation of the biological characteristics of the bacterium was carried out in order to provide a reference for the clinical treatment, prevention, and control of Rothia nasimurium infection.
Pelaksanaan Kegiatan P2K2 Untuk Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Rencana Usaha Keluarga di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Akbar Niko , Sutoyo Mochammad Arief Hermawan
Published: November 2022

During this pandemic, of course, many people and especially poor families will feel economic difficulties due to being affected by the pandemic. This is driven by a decline in financial literacy and not knowing how to properly manage finances and problems that will arise in the future. The author raises the idea of forming a solution, namely the Implementation of P2K2 Activities. This activity was held in collaboration with the Batanghari District Social Service. This activity can provide basic knowledge and hone skills in managing income and expenses, as well as business planning. The method used is the socialization and training of PKH participants. The expected result of this service is that holding this activity it can provide benefits for families affected by the pandemic to have better financial management abilities during this pandemic.
Peningkatan Motivasi dan Jiwa Entrepreneurship Menuju Kehidupan Yang Lebih Berkualitas Aspek Social Mapping Panti Sosial Bina Taruna Jaya 2
Authors: Utha Maria Ariesta , Berliyanti Dita Oki , Anis Idrianita , Andalia Debbi , Supriadi
Published: November 2022

Panti Sosial Bina Remaja Taruna Jaya 2 has been owned by the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government since 1999 and is a Technical Implementation Unit in fostering youth with social problems. The mission of Panti Sosial Bina Remaja Taruna Jaya 2 is to form teenagers with social problems into teenagers with good personalities through physical, psychological, mental spiritual, social and work skills development in order to realize independence and social functioning by establishing cross-sectoral coordination. For this reason, the Faculty of Economics and Business, Trisakti University, together with the DKI Jakarta Social Service and the DKI Jakarta CSR Forum, have created a partnership in overcoming the problems of youth with social problems through the development of soft skills and hard skills. and participate in providing solutions and actively participate in activities to increase motivation and shape the entrepreneurial character of social development residents.
"Pesawat Kertas", a Game that Motivates Students in Learning Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Santoso Sugeng
Published: November 2022

Online learning implemented in Indonesia caused many negative impacts, such as decreased student motivation and the creation of loss of learning. One way to overcome this is through the implementation of learning while playing. This research aims to describe the pesawat kertas (paper plane) game in learning Bahasa Indonesia in VII-A class, SMP Hamparan 2. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The data in this research were obtained from documentation and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is Miles and Huberman model. The results of this research indicate that the preparation of the pesawat kertas game in learning Bahasa Indonesia for VII-A class, SMP Hamparan 2 has been done very well. The stages in the preparation of learning are: analyze the syllabus, choosing learning media, making evaluation tools, making learning plans, and compiling the concept of the game that is carried out. Second, the stages and plots of the pesawat kertas game are pretty good and coherent. Readers can also see videos of students' excitement on Instagram of SMP Hamparan 2. The response of subjects to the pesawat kertas game that has been done is excellent. This can be seen from as many as 90% subjects agreeing that the game is fun and can make the spirit of learning.
Implementation of Augmented Reality Learning Media Technology at the Primary and Secondary Education Levels in Cimahi City, West Java
Authors: Alamsyah Nur , Fauziyah Dina
Published: November 2022

Currently the development of technology is progressing very rapidly and its development cannot be stopped. With so many advanced technologies that have emerged, various kinds of human work can be done in more innovative ways. One example is in the field of education. Currently, there are various kinds of technology-based learning media, one of which is learning media using Augmented Reality technology or often shortened to AR. Application Development as Learning Media to Build Space for Elementary/Junior High School Level Using Marker Augmented Reality Method is one form of utilizing AR technology in the field of education, especially as a learning medium. With the creation of this Augmented Reality-based learning media for building space, It is hoped that students can understand learning materials easily, and students' interest in learning can increase because the objects in the space are designed to be attractive, colorful, and interactive to avoid boredom. Based on this, this research is one of the new breakthroughs in the world of education that utilizes technological advances and helps teachers provide more interesting learning media. Meanwhile, the results of this study are in the form of an AR application and a mathematical book (module). this research is one of the new breakthroughs in the world of education that utilizes technological advances and helps teachers provide more interesting learning media. Meanwhile, the results of this study are in the form of an AR application and a mathematical book (module). this research is one of the new breakthroughs in the world of education that utilizes technological advances and helps teachers provide more interesting learning media. Meanwhile, the results of this study are in the form of an AR application and a mathematical book (module).
Design Translation Application from Indonesian to the Nyow Dialect (Pepadun) Based on Android
Authors: Sunardi  , Henryanto Yunan
Published: November 2022

Language is a sign to communicate. In the world, there are many languages ​​that characterize the country, for example, the State of Indonesia has various regional languages, one of which is the Nyow Dialect (Pepadun) which is dominantly used by residents in the coastal Lampung area to communicate. The purpose of this research is to design and build an Android-based digital dictionary application that can be used to make it easier to find translated vocabulary either in Indonesian or in the Nyow Dialect (Pepadun) so that it can be used in general so as to provide convenience for the wearer. The method used in this thesis is the prototyping method. Based on the test results on the Android-based Indonesian-Now Dialect (Pepadun) application, it can be seen and can conclude several things as follows; The search system designed is able to display words in the database more quickly and equivalently, the search process is carried out by an implicit system where the words to be searched will be processed based on an array that matches the user input string, and system design with Xamarin in the Visual Studio 2017 application package. as an android programming language toll in making applications, it is right because of the ease in the application development process.
Verwelkoming/Opening address
Authors: Mouton W.L.
Published: November 2022

Dit is vir my 'n voorreg om u in my hoedanigheid as voorsitter van die SAUK-Raad en as rektor van die Universiteit van die Oranje-Vrystaat by hierdie vyfde kongres van die Suider-Afrikaanse Kommunikasievereniging te verwelkom en by die opening daarvan 'n paar gedagtes met u te wissel. "To communicate is the beginning of understanding" en in die tyd waarin ons lewe, moet 'n mens miskien minder mure en meer brûe bou.By die beplanning en organisasie van enige vakbyeenkoms of kongres, is die keuse van 'n tema sekerlik een van die belangrikste besluite wat geneem moet word. Dit is trouens so dat die tema die basis is waarop al die ander aspekte van so 'n kongres gebou word.In gevalle waar waar vakverenigings op 'n jaarlikse basis byeenkom om oor hul vakgebied te besin, is die keuse van 'n tema nog moeiliker. Dit is juis dan wanneer 'n tema soms gekies word bloot omdat dit nie reeds op die aantal voorafgaande jaarkongresse bespreek is nie.Die uiteindelike doelstelling van 'n kongres bly egter steeds om sekere interessante en aktuele probleemareas in die vakgebied te verken en op te helder..
Interpersonal relations
Authors: Von Essen Llew
Published: November 2022

I trust that you, like me, are thrilled to be living in what must be considered the most exciting, dynamic and challenging era of this century. But like you, I am not that naïve to realise that it is an easy one free of problems. Never before in the lifetime of man has the need for a better understanding of communication and culture and their effect on interpersonal relations been so essential. Intercultural relations hinges on effective intercultural communication and for this to happen it is essential to understand the terms culture and communication. Culture can be defined as learned behaviours of a group living in a geographical area - i.e., behaviours related to knowledge, values and beliefs, attitudes, religions, concepts of self and the universe, hierarchies of status, spatial relations, time concepts, ethnicity, language, etc. Culture is variable, everchanging, gradually but continuously, and to further complicate understanding, there are individual differences within any given culture. Communication is, of course, the act of communicating - the act of understanding and being understood. Intercultural communication, therefore, is the act of communication when the message sender is from one culture and the message receiver is from another culture. Successful intercultural communication is the establishment and sharing of common meanings in the sender- receiver (Meanings are in people, not in messages). This process is obviously complicated and influenced by cultural factors, such as those mentioned above, not to mention language differences and patterns of thinking
second television channel
Authors: Erasmus P.F
Published: November 2022

None
interkulturele dimensie van industriele opleiding
Authors: Groenewald H.J.
Published: November 2022

Suid-Afrika, 'n land waar eerste en derde wêreld mekaar op 'n unieke wyse ontmoet, staan voor 'n besondere uitdaging wat die opleiding van sy mannekrag betref. Sosiale, politieke maar veral ekonomiese faktore het die afgelope paar jaar ingrypende besinning en beplanning genood- saak wat gelei het tot 'n heeltemal nuwe bedeling op die arbeidsterrein. Dit kan aanvaar word dat die tagtigerjare dié tydperk in die land se geskiedenis sal wees wat as smeltkroes vir arbeidsbetrekkinge tussen verskillende etniese en kulturele groepe sal dien. Sukses op die arbeidsfront gaan van deurslaggewende betekenis in die verbetering van menseverhoudinge op alle vlakke van die Suid-Afrikaanse samele- wing wees. Daarom sal daar meer as verbygaande aandag aan interkul- turele kommunikasie in die arbeidsituasie en in besonder aan industriele opleiding gegee moet word.
Kommunikasiewetenskap en kommunikasie van die wetenskap
Authors: Marais H.C.
Published: November 2022

Die sentrale tema van hierdie kongres is kommunikasie binne die organisasie. Dit is uiteraard nie toevallig dat hierdie tema gekies is nie. Per slot van rekening beleef ons tans in Suid-Afrika-maar dit geld in 'n sekere mate ook vir die res van die wêreld - 'n fase waarin daar krities en indringend gekyk word na organisasiestrukture waarbinne die mens die grootste deel van sy of haar tyd deurbring. Teen die agtergrond van prosesse soos analises van die organisasie en arbeid deur verskillende kommissies, die toenemende mate van aktive- ring van die arbeidsmag en derglike verskynsels, is dit noodsaaklik dat ook die wetenskaplike gemeenskap op 'n wetenskaplik-verantwoorde wyse na hierdie terrein kyk. Ek wil daarom vandag enkele aspekte rakende organisasiekommunikasie aan die orde stel. Toegegee, my oriëntasie mag aanvanklik ietwat a-tipies voorkom, maar ek is nogtans daarvan oortuig dat my tema aktueel op hierdie terrein is. In die lig van die feit dat die terrein van organisasiekommunikasie nog relatief jonk is, is dit nodig om ter oriëntasie my tema enigsins breer aan te pak. As agtergrond wil ek daarom eers kortliks aandag gee aan die stand van kommunikasiewetenskap in die algemeen in Suid-Afrika. Vervolgens wil ek 'n kort oorsig van die aard van organisasiekommuni- kasie gee waarna die aandag dan toegespits word op die moontlike bydrae wat die Kommunikasiewetenskap kan lewer tot die problematiek rondom die wetenskap.
Time and information overload as variables in organisational communication
Authors: De Beer Arnold , Basson Anske
Published: November 2022

In the field of organisational communication much emphasis is placed on the verbal aspects of human communication. A consideration of the literature shows scant attention is being paid to non-verbal aspects. Time as a single non-verbal variable, however, is given even less attention. This is remarkable when developments in the field of information processing through computerized technology is considered. In this paper the importance of time considered against the backdrop of ever increasing technological change and information overload, is discussed. It will be argued that much more research should be done to place the time variable in true perspective within the field or organisational communication.
korporatiewe identiteit van organisasies
Authors: Nieuwmeijer Louise
Published: November 2022

Millions are spent each year by organisations in every part of the world on planning, projecting and changing corporate identities. Very little is done however to understand the underlying phenomenon. It is essential therefore first to examine the nature and characteristics of corporate identity before analysing it. Problems in researching corporate identity and possible solutions will also be discussed in this paper.
dimensies van kommunikasieklimaat in die formele organisasie
Authors: Verwey Sonja
Published: November 2022

THE purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions of communication climate. To achieve this purpose a theoretical construct in respect of communication climate, based on a literature survey, was finalised. A questionnaire covering the various dimensions of this theoretical construct was then drawn up. The questionnaire was completed by a sample of 250 people within a single organization. The main dimensions of communication climate as measured by the questionnaire were isolated by means of factor and item analyses. The results of these analyses confirmed the nature of the conceptual construct to a high extent. The questionnaire did not however succeed in identifying all dimensions. To alleviate the shortcomings of this study, a number of re- commendations for further research are made.
On the imbalance of international communications
Authors: Hsia H. J.
Published: November 2022

INTERNATIONAL communication today is For this typified by the southern flow of Information, from the northern hemisphere to the south- ern hemisphere, dominated by the de- veloped nations in information gathering and dissemination, and intensified by tech- nological advances in communication in the last two decades. The incessant cries of "cultural Imperialism," "cultural domina- tion," and "cultural invasion" echoing from Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America have precipitated a rigid control of communication in many developing coun- tries. The imbalance of communication flow, castigated, and denounced by every developing country, is considered to be the source of all evils, ranging from the failure of politico-economical policies and erosion of social norms and values to street crimes and prostitution; nevertheless, the verdict is still not yet in. This study attempts to illustrate the fundamental problems, to ex- plore the consequences of communication imbalance, and to examine communication dysfunctions in order to provide a set of solutions specifically addressed to the ell- mination or the reduction of the detrimental effects of communication dysfunctions. In the meantime, evidence is provided to sub- stantiate the contention that communica- tion imbalance can be eventually corrected, not by control but by allowing the free flow of all types of communications. Japan is a typical example: she absorbed the best and discarded the disharmonious features of Chinese and Western civilizations. Further attempts are also made to examine the in-herent, natural immunity of cultures against alien concepts and practices. The conclu- sion is aimed at the battle cries of "cultural imperialism": much ado about nothing.
IS THERE A ROLE FOR EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN DIVIDEND POLICY?
Authors: Kustono Alwan Sri , Aspirandi Rendy Mirwan , Varisa Bryan Chandra
Published: November 2022

The study examines whether the dividend policy is affected by managerial ownership, free cash flow, or earnings management and the role of earnings management, such as mediating variables. Five hypotheses were tested with path analysis. Testing uses SmartPLS version 3.2.9. The population was the manufacturing companies in 2014-2018. The research period is limited to 2018 to avoid Covid 19 impact. There are 125 year-firms observations used to confirm the hypotheses. The result shows managerial ownership and free cashflows affect dividend policy and earnings management. Earnings management is not a mediating variable. This result rejects the previous research results, which concluded that earnings management influences dividend policy. The implication is earnings management is not a good explanation to see changes in dividend policy. Earnings management is challenging to plan dividend policy. Further researchers need to pay attention to the measurement of various types of earnings management that are more precise in management policies.
An Examination of Audit Report Lag: Company Size As Moderating Variable
Authors: Indrastuti Dewi Kurnia
Published: November 2022

Pengguna laporan keuangan menginginkan laporan yang andal dan tepat waktu karena keterlambatan penyampaian keuangan dapat menyebabkan kesalahan dalam mengambil keputusan ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kinerja keuangan yang diukur melalui profitabilitas, solvabilitas, likuiditas, ukuran perusahaan, dan faktor lainnya yaitu reputasi auditor dan komite audit terhadap audit report lag dan peran ukuran perusahaan sebagai pemoderasi pengaruh tersebut.
Data dari laporan keuangan perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2016 hingga 2020 digunakan dalam penelitian ini dan melalui metode purposive sampling didapatkan 140 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria yang telah ditentukan. Data diolah menggunakan moderated regression analysis dengan hasil pengolahan terhadap 700 data menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas dan likuiditas, berpengaruh terhadap audit report lag dan ukuran perusahaan memoderasi pengaruh likuiditas terhadap audit report lag dan juga memoderasi pengaruh ukuran komite audit terhadap audit report lag.
Development and Validation of the Observation Checklist Assessing the Hygiene and Sanitation of the Food Preparation Areas in Preschools
Authors: Khalid Mohd Khairul Asyraf , Nik Husain Nik Rosmawati , Wan Mohamad Wan Mohd Zahiruddin , Idris Nor Azlin , Abu Bakar Natrah
Published: November 2022

A validated checklist for assessing the hygiene and sanitation of food preparation areas in the preschools is needed to ensure food safety for the preschool children. The objective of this study aimed to validate a newly developed observation checklist assessing the hygiene and sanitation of food preparation areas in preschools.

The study was carried out in Kota Bharu Kelantan and was conducted in four stages: preparation of observation checklist from the existing literature; validation of checklist content by six expert panels (measuring the item-level content validity index (I-CVI), and scale-level content validity index (S-CVI)); face validation of checklist by ten expert panels (measuring the item-level face validity index (I-FVI) and scale-level face validity index (S-FVI)); and reliability analysis in assessing the inter correlation-coefficient (ICC). The reliability analysis was performed on two preschools by four assessors.

The initial draft of the checklist contained three domains and 57 items: building and facility (10 subdomains and 40 items); process control (4 subdomains and 13 items); and food handlers (one subdomain and 7 items). The I-CVI were 0.97, 1.00 and 1.00, and S-CVI were 1.0, 1.0 and 1.0 for building and facility, process control, and food handler, respectively. The I-FVI showed 0.99 for building and facility, 1.00 for process control, and 1.00 for food handler. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of these 3 domains were 0.848 (95%CI 0.772, 0.904) as shown in Table 1, indicating a good reliability (values between 0.75 and 0.9) [1]. The final validated checklist consisted of 3 domains and 57 items.

The newly developed observation checklist is a valid and reliable tool to assess the hygiene and sanitation of food preparation areas in preschools.
Evaluation of the Dosimetric Parameters of the Interstitial HDR Liver Brachytherapy at USM
Authors: Yogabalan Keerthaanaa , Abdul Aziz Mohd Zahri , Appalanaido Gokula Kumar , Jayamani Jayapramila
Published: November 2022

There are numerous treatment options available to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Up to now, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has been considered the best option to cure the HCC, however SBRT does not adequately spare the nearby organ at risk (OAR) [1]. A high dose rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDR IBT) technique for HCC is considered as an alternative to the SBRT due to accurate and precise dose delivery to the target and well spared adjacent OAR [2]. The main objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the dosimetry tolerance for the tumour and OAR for HDRIBT technique for HCC technique using the iridium-192 (Ir-192) source.

A computed tomography (CT) image-guided for 41 patients with 71 treatment cases in USM were used to analyse the dose distribution in tumour (HCC) and the OAR (diaphragm). The computed dosimetry data from the Oncentra treatment planning system (v.4.3) was used to analyse the relationship between the dosimetric variables, of the prescribed dose (15 Gy – 25 Gy) and fractionation used for the HDRIBT for HCC by statistical analysis.

In this study, 95% of the gross tumour volume (GTV) of HCC adequately achieved the prescribed dose in both single and multiple fractionations. The GTV dose decreased as the GTV volume increased for all the prescribed doses. Apart from that, the prescribed doses, 20 Gy and 25 Gy, exhibited a higher diaphragm dose in single fractionation treatment compared to 15 Gy dose. Meanwhile, the multiple fractionations treatment also exhibited a remarkably high diaphragm dose compared to the single fractionation treatment.

The minimum GTV dose recommended was based on a comparison with the RTOG 0438, liver SBRT protocol. These recommended values were applicable in both single and multiple fractionations. In addition, it is also applicable in a prescribed dose of 15y – 25 Gy. In short, the minimum recommended GTV doses were the V99%  90% of the prescribed dose, V95% 95% of the prescribed dose V90% 100% of the prescribed dose, respectively. Meanwhile, the diaphragm tolerance dose in this study was compared with RTOG 0438 protocol of ribs tolerance dose, within 54 Gy. Therefore, the diaphragm tolerance dose recommended for diaphragm volume of 0.2cm3, 0.5cm3 and 2.0cm3 (15 Gy prescribed dose) < 10 Gy, (20 Gy prescribed dose) < 15 Gy and (25 Gy prescribed dose) < 20 Gy in single fractionation respectively for all prescribed dose, whereas for the multiple fractionations < 54 Gy, regardless of the GTV volume. In conclusion, HDRIBT technique for HCC is the most promising technique by maximizing the dose to the GTV and reducing dose to the diaphragm by both single and multiple fractionations.
The Impact Model of Social Restriction Policies and New Habit Adaptation to Community Mobility Patterns in Responding and Control Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Djafri Defriman , Basra Mega Utami
Published: November 2022

The Indonesian government has carried out various policies in suppressing the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. The restriction policies that have been implemented encourage the community to adapt their behavior following the health protocols set by the government. The propagated spread transmission of Covid-19, followed by changes in the community mobility pattern, and influences increasing cases.

 

This study assessed the impact of the policies implemented by the government on the changing patterns of community mobility and controlling Covid-19 in Indonesia. Aggregate data on Covid-19 epidemiological parameters and population mobility data from Google Community Report were analyzed by trend and modeling using linear regression analysis from the beginning of the March 2020-June 2021 pandemic Covid-19 in Indonesia.

 

The results showed an increase in Covid-19 cases following the community mobility in Indonesia. The pattern of community mobility was different in each restriction policy and in various places as shown Table 1 and Figure 1. Social restriction policies were not fully effective in controlling Covid-19 in Indonesia. The effectiveness of restrictive policies and patterns of community mobility in controlling Covid-19 requires consistent and continuous supervision from the government.

Policies based on comprehensive epidemiological research were essential considerations in efforts to control and prevent the transmission of Covid-19.
Antiproliferative Activity and Apoptotic Potential of Curcumin on Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line (HL-60)
Authors: Che Razak Nur Hidayati , Mohd Zainuddin Hudaa Zulfaa , Abdul  Aziz Muhammad Yusran , Tuan Johari Syed Ahmad Tajudin , Wan Osman Wan Nurfarahin
Published: November 2022

Curcuma Longa or also known as turmeric is a prominent natural remedy in Asia that has been utilized to heal diseases for decades. It has been demonstrated to have substantial biological activities, including anticarcinogenic, antimutagenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious, hypocholesterolemic, and chemopreventive properties. Curcumin is a therapeutic substance extracted from Curcuma Longa that is thought to have anti-cancer properties against a variety of cancer types. However, its anti-cancer potential on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains uncertain [1,2]. 

 

The objective of this intervention study was to examine the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of curcumin on the HL-60 cell line of acute myeloid leukemia. A stock solution of pure curcumin compound was obtained by dissolving it in dimethyl sulfide (DMSO). HL-60 cells were treated with six different concentrations which were 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125 µg/ml and incubated at three distinct incubation period (24, 48 and 72 hours). The in vitro cell viability was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and quantified using a microplate reader at 570 nm. Acridine orange (AO) and propidium iodide (PI) staining were employed to evaluate morphological changes. 

 

MTT assays results show that curcumin has a high cytotoxicity effect on HL-60 cells. The maximal half inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of curcumin was consistently decreased when the incubation time increased. The IC50 of curcumin on HL-60 cells were reported to be 13, 8, and 3.5 µg/ml at 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation, respectively. There was a significantly different IC50 value (p<0.05) of curcumin between the incubation periods (Figure 1). The morphological alteration was shown in AO/PI staining by the appearance of early apoptosis, late apoptosis, and necrotic cells.

These findings illustrated that curcumin revealed an effective anti-cancer action on human acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cell line. Further research is required to determine the mechanism of cell death in HL-60 cells treated with pure curcumin compound.

 

In conclusion, the study revealed the role of putative targeted genes in the biological mechanism in gout pathogenesis has provides insight of the potential biomarkers in developing the personalized medicine better treatment for gout patient in ensuring better patient healthcare.
Associated Factors with Self-Perceived Burden Level among Cancer Patients in Hebei China, 2022
Authors: Liu Bingyang , Lee Khuan , Sun Chao , Lim Poh Ying
Published: November 2022

The number of cancer cases and deaths of cancer are increasing year by year [1]. The high cost of cancer treatment and the guilt of patients relying on caregivers for long-term care leads to a high self-perceived burden (SPB) among cancer patients affecting their quality of life, treatment and even cause suicidal ideation [2]. The objective of this study is to determine the level of self-perceived burden (SPB) and its associated factors among cancer patients in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China. A sample size of 977 cancer patients was recruited using simple random sampling in this cross-sectional study. Self-administered modified questionnaire was used. Independent t test and ANOVA test were used for investigating the association of each factor with SPB. A total of 566 respondents participated in the study, with a response rate of 58.4%. The mean ± SD of SPB total score was 67.75 ± 15.69. The SPB was divided into four dimensions, where the mean economic/family burden dimension was 24.10 ± 6.44, psychological/emotional burden was 18.31 ± 4.92, care burden was 13.33 ± 3.43 and treatment burden was 11.99 ± 3.47. There was significant association between residence, number of children, educational level, caregiver, parents as caregiver, and age of primary caregiver with SPB.

In conclusion, the SPB score was high and thus, it is recommended that medical staff to pay attention to cancer patients with high SPB and give effective interventions to improve the quality of life and reduce the suicide rate of cancer patients.
A Cross-Sectional Study on the Health Profile and Nutritional Status of Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu
Authors: Ong Ying Qian , Harith Sakinah , Shahril Mohd Razif , Shahidan Norshazila , Hapidin Hermizi
Published: November 2022

Surprisingly, 541 million people have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) worldwide[1]. Prediabetes has been associated with an elevated risk of composite cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke and all-cause mortality2 as well as an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than normal glycaemia[1]. In Malaysia, the undiagnosed diabetes prevalence has increased3. Health profile and nutritional status play a crucial role in prediabetes development. However, there is a scarcity of related health profile characteristics and nutritional status data in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu.

 

This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the health profile and nutritional status of adults at risk of T2DM in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. A total of 30 respondents at moderate and high risk of T2DM (Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Tool (FINDRISC) score > 4) aged 18 to 59 years old were recruited from Kuala Nerus using a convenience sampling method. Information on socio-demographic, anthropometric, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, clinical profile, FINDRISC score, dietary intake, and physical activity level were obtained. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS system version 21.0 and Nutritionist ProTM software (Version 7.0.0, Axxya Systems). A descriptive statistic was used to present all outcomes. The continuous data were described as mean ± standard deviation (SD) whereas for categorical variables, the data were reported as the number of frequency and percentage.

 

The respondents (mean age: 36.1 ± 8.7 years) were predominantly female (76.7%), Malay (96.7%), married (43.3%), with tertiary education (60.0%), and employed (83.3%) with a monthly income ranging below RM 1000. Half of the respondents were from the obese class I category. However, they had a normal FPG (5.6 ± 0.5 mmol/L) and were normotensive with a normal heart rate. Also, they had an average FINDRISC score of 6.3 ± 1.8. The respondents had excessive energy, fat, vitamin C, and selenium intake with insufficient dietary fibre, vitamin A, E, and K, calcium, and magnesium intake. Most of them (63.3%) were minimally active.

The mean energy intake of this study was in accord with Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) 2003 (2097 kcal) and MANS 2014 (2123 kcal) after excluding under-reporters [3]. The National Health Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019 stated that 25.1% of Malaysian adults were physically inactive which was slightly higher than the current study finding. On the contrary, a higher percentage (80.0%) of the study respondents were physically active than 74.9% as reported by NHMS (2019) [4].

 

It is vital to determine the health profile and nutritional status, which can provide important information for planning future cost-effective T2DM preventive strategies. This is because a strategic method of primary prevention for T2DM is by managing risk factors through lifestyle modification.
Body Mass Index, Malnutrition and Quality of Life Among Elderly in Malaysia During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Abd Razak Nur Hazierah , Fauzy Nur Kamilah , Harith Sakinah
Published: November 2022

COVID-19 pandemic had  impact on several elements, including nutrition, as a result of food supply disruptions and  lack of essential materials such as medicines, supplements, healthy foods, and other items, causing elderly to be malnourished, lose weight, or consume unhealthy meals [1]. BMI and malnutrition may have impact on the elderly’s quality of life, however the evidence for this is still weak.

 

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the BMI, malnutrition and QoL among elderly in all states in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 169 elderly aged 60 years and above across Malaysia were involved in this study. Those who meet the inclusion criteria which are elderly aged 60 years and above, living in Malaysia (Wilayah Persekutuan, Selangor, Perlis, Kedah, Pulau Pinang, Perak, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, Sabah, Sarawak) and have good memory was included in this study. All data were obtained through online questionnaire in which the assessment of height and weight were self-reported by the respondents, malnutrition was assessed using Malnutrition Risk Screening Tool-Hospital (MRST-H) and Mini Nutritional Assessment-short form (MNA-SF), meanwhile QoL was assessed using SF-36. Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the frequencies, averages and percentages of BMI, malnutrition and QoL among the respondents.

 

Results showed that mean BMI of elderly was 25.54±4.88 kg/m2. Most of elderly had normal BMI (43.8%) as compared to underweight (21.9%) and overweight (34.3%). Next, according to MRST-H, majority of the participants had normal nutritional status (66.9%), meanwhile others (33.1%) were reported to be at risk of malnutrition with the majority of women (39.8%) as compared to men (23.9%). Similar to the MNA-SF, most of the participants had normal nutritional status (65.7%), followed by at risk of malnutrition (30.2%) and the least was malnutrition (4.1%). Overall, the median score for QoL was 61.10 (27.00). Physical role domain and vitality domain had the lowest median score which were 56.25 (40.60) and 56.25 (15.60) respectively. Meanwhile, social functioning was reported to have the highest scores 75.00 (37.50) as compared to other domains.

Nutritional status and QoL are the cornerstone of public health in elderly. Therefore, it is important for this study to determine the BMI, malnutrition and QoL to make significant contribution in assisting health-care professionals to combat malnutrition and poor QoL among elderly.
Nutritional Strategies to Prevent Muscle Loss after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Ab Majida Nor Latifah , Vanoh Divya , Md Hashim Mohd Nizam , Zainuddin Nur Zetty Sofia , Ajid Monaliza
Published: November 2022

Obesity is a chronic non-communicable disease that has increased dramatically worldwide [1]. The 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) showed that the prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity in Malaysia had increased by 0.6%, 2.6% and 2.0% respectively as compared to the previous findings of NHMS 2011[2]. Thus, many approaches have been attempted including bariatric surgery. However, it is associated with complications like lean tissue loss, augmented bone loss and a high risk of postprandial hypoglycemia due to patients being unable to achieve adequate dietary protein and accelerated nutrient emptying. Hence, this review paper provides several findings on possible causes of muscle tissue loss and nutritional strategies to prevent muscle loss.

 

Initially, a literature search was conducted from electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar Science Direct. A total of 15 articles on nutritional strategies to prevent muscle loss after bariatric surgery that was published between January 2017 and May 2022 were retrieved. In this review, several causes of muscle tissue loss, its consequences on a patient’s health and nutritional strategies to preserve muscle protein are summarized in the following figures.

In conclusion, bariatric surgery leads to the loss of lean body mass and fat-free mass due to a significant decrease in protein intake and rapid weight loss. This will lead to several consequences that impair basal metabolism and body functions and reduce life quality [7]. Regular and sufficient protein intake together with resistance exercise are essential for muscle preservation [4]. Further research should be continued to increase the understanding of the pathophysiology and related mechanism that causes muscle loss and develop appropriate treatment and possible modifications in current bariatric procedures available.
Internet Addiction Among University Students at School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zaabah Intan Lyana , Sulaiman Nur Adibah Solihin , Mohd Zain Norhasmah
Published: November 2022

Internet addiction issue risen among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic, and it can contribute to mental health deterioration such as depression which is a serious worldwide public health concern. [1, 3]. This study aims to study internet addiction among university students in School of Health Sciences, USM. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted via convenience sampling technique on 122 students from January 2022 to March 2022. The data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire consisting of demographic variables and the level of addiction using 26-items validated by Chen Internet Addiction (CIAS) [2]. The findings revealed that there were 122 respondents who participated in this study and mostly 78.7% female students participated. Most of the respondents were Year Two students (37.7%), the residence of the respondents mostly from hostel or campus (54.1%) and the time spent on internet per day mostly more than five hours (92.6%) per day (Table 1).

In conclusion, the study indicated the level of internet addiction among university students. Therefore, this study implies that lowering the time spent on internet per day is necessary to reduce the hazards to university students' mental health such as depression.
A First Look into the Nature of JWST/MIRI 7.7 μm Sources from SMACS 0723
Authors: Iani Edoardo , Caputi Karina I. , Rinaldi Pierluigi , Kokorev Vasily I.
Published: November 2022

Until now, our knowledge of the extragalactic universe at mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelengths (>5 μm) was limited to rare active galactic nuclei and the brightest normal galaxies up to z ∼ 3. The advent of JWST with its Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) will revolutionize the ability of the mid-IR regime as a key wavelength domain to probe the high-z universe. In this work we present a first study of JWST MIRI 7.7 μm sources selected with >3σ significance from the lensing cluster field SMACS J0723.3-7327. We model their spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting with 13 JWST and Hubble Space Telescope broad bands, in order to obtain photometric redshifts and derived physical parameters for all these sources. We find that this 7.7 μm galaxy sample is mainly composed of normal galaxies up to z = 4 and has a tail of about 2% of sources at higher redshifts to z ≈ 9–10. The vast majority of our galaxies have [3.6]–[7.7] < 0 colors and very few of them need high dust extinction values (A

V
= 3–6 mag) for their SED fitting. The resulting lensing-corrected stellar masses span the range 107–1011
M
⊙. Overall, our results clearly show that the first MIRI 7.7 μm observations of deep fields are already useful to probe the high-redshift universe and suggest that the deeper 7.7 μm observations to be available very soon will open up, for the first time, the epoch of reionization at mid-IR wavelengths.
The Impact of Osteoporotic Fractures on Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Work Disability
Authors: Skuqi Evis , Kola Irena , Kola Sh. M. Sander
Published: November 2022

Osteoporosis is the one of most common chronic metabolic bone disease, which is characterized by increased bone fragility, which is highly affected by age and menopause.1 According to the International Osteoporosis Foundation, one in three women over the age of 50 experience at least once in a lifetime a fracture as a result of osteoporosis, which on another hand is a cause for work disability.2,3
Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the economic and social impact of work disability, caused by fractures as a result of osteoporosis on patients with RA.
Material and Methods: The study included 50 patients, diagnosed with RA and osteoporosis, which have had at least one fracture during their course of disease. The data were obtained in the Regional Hospital of Elbasan and the main focus was the duration of work disability.
Results: The research concluded that approximately 20% of the patients required a long term disability benefit after suffering a fracture. Furthermore, the majority of the patients were reluctant to go back to work after suffering the consequences of the fracture, mainly due to pain and inability to properly move.
Conclusion:  Fractures due to osteoporosis on patients with RA have an increasing impact in work disability and life quality. The majority of the patients taken into research have benefited from work disability policies, whether short or long-term.
Quand les enfants du Nord racontent l’Occupation, entre guerre rêvée et guerre vécue
Authors: Baumann Thomas
Published: November 2022

Au printemps 1920, des milliers d’écoliers du nord de la France ont été invités à composer, dans le cadre d’un concours, sur leur souvenir de la Grande Guerre. Beaucoup d’entre eux sortaient alors de cinq ans d’occupation allemande. De cette expérience à part de la guerre nait une tension dans l’écriture du récit : comment trouver sa place dans la victoire dans la nation ? Comment prouver que l’on n’est pas devenu un « Boche du Nord » ? L’étude des représentations plurielles, parfois contradictoires, qui sont données de soi et des autres acteurs de la guerre par les élèves permet de révéler les fractures qu’ont laissées l’occupation parmi la génération des enfants du Nord , notamment sur le sentiment d’appartenance à la communauté nationale, mais également à l’échelle familiale.