bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTENSI ASI SEBAGAI IMUN BOOSTER DALAM PENCEGAHAN COVID 19 PADA ANAK USIA 0-2 TAHUN
Authors: Zaki Ibnu , Arofah S Ankeu Nur , Adji Guntur Wisesa Kumara , Priandini Dhea Nita , Rosmasita Febbi Nuzula , Arezaini Arneta
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Usia 0-2 tahun merupakan kelompok rentan terinfeksi COVID-19 dengan kasus kematian mencapai 0,5% dari total angka kematian. Hal ini disebabkan oleh sistem imunitas pada usia 0-2 tahun belum berkembang maksimal. Situasi tersebut diperparah dengan belum tersedianya vaksin Sars-Cov-2 bagi anak 0-2 tahun. Usia 0-2 tahun dalam era pandemi Covid-19 dituntut untuk meningkatkan sistem imunitas tubuh. Oleh karena itu diperlukan imun Booster yang aman bagi usia 0-2 tahun. Salah satu makanan usia 0-2 tahun adalah ASI. Berbagai studi menyatakan bahwa ASI merupakan imun Booster aman karena tidak memiliki efek samping.Tujuan: Literature review ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi ASI sebagai Imun Booster dalam upaya pencegahan Sars Cov 2 pada usia 0-2 tahun.Metode: Desain yang digunakan adalah Literature review. Penelusuran artikel mengacu pada kriteria inklusi yang telah ditetapkan. Kriteria inklusi meliputi artikel ilmiah diterbitkan dalam dua tahun terakhir (2020-2021). Artikel menggunakan desain studi Cross sectional, Cohort, dan Case-control dengan pembahasan tentang Ibu menyusui dengan pengukuran kandungan IgG dan IgA pada sampel ASI, pengaruh konsumsi ASI terhadap anak usia 0-2 tahun. Database artikel ilmiah yang digunakan adalah PubMed, Science Direct, Semantic Scholar, dan Cochrane. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam penelusuran artikel yaitu ASI, imunitas, COVID-19, human milk, breastfeeding, immunity, SARS-CoV-2. Dari hasil penelusuran ditemukan 12 artikel ilmiah sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan di analisis dalam literatre review Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan respon antibodi spesifik SARS-CoV-2 terutama sIgG dan sIGA dalam ASI baik yang pernah terkonfirmasi positif maupun ibu yang mendapat vaksinasi COVID-19. Bayi yang dilahirkan dan disusui dari Ibu terkonfirmasi Positif Covid 19 tidak ditemukan adanya perkembangan infeksi SARS CoV-2.Simpulan: ASI bermanfaat sebagai imun booster terhadap COVID-19 pada anak usia 0-2 tahun karena kandungan IgA dan IgG yang terdapat dalam ASI mampu melawan virus SARS-CoV-2 dan dapat menjadi antibodi bagi anak.
Human Trafficking in Malaysia: The Right of Women and Children (2010-2019)
Authors: Ahmad Abdullahi Ayoade , Noor Nursairah Farhana Mohd , Ramlan Ain Zulaikha
Published: July 2022

Human trafficking is gaining attention internationally as a serious human rights violation. Today, almost every nation of the world is affected by human trafficking activities. Cases that are involving women and children trafficking are among the primary concern in Malaysia today. Besides, trafficking in women and children is a violation of human rights, mostly in the forms of sexual exploitation and forced labor. It threatens the security and the socio-economic condition of Malaysia. Human trafficking is commonly occurring within the perimeter of cross borders, it influences high numbers of women and children being trafficked due to poverty or internal unrest. Majority of them are originated from the neighborhood ASEAN member states and Malaysia is seen as a transit country. This paper deliberates on issue of human trafficking in Malaysia. It examines state and international policies towards combatting human trafficking issue in order to seek an adjustable solution. Likewise, it is also regarding the human rights matter due to violations faced by the vulnerable women and children. Finally, it examines the challenges that law enforcements are confronting in combatting human trafficking in Malaysia. The study adopts descriptive qualitative research method through the use of secondary resources. It was found that Malaysia has issues in standardizing clear proceeding to determine the perpetrators of Human trafficked victims. It was proposed that enforcement agents need to be diligently experienced in handling arrest of exploiters of immigrants. Furthermore, it was equally found that Malaysia lacks adequate implementation in the process of protecting the rights of the trafficked victims. The paper proposed some input on adequate strategies for handling human trafficking in Malaysia.
British American Tobacco: Building A Better Tomorrow
Authors: Mahmood Kashif , Zia ud din Muhammad , Liaqat Ayesha
Published: July 2022

A multinational company associated with the manufacturing and selling business of cigarettes, raw tobacco and other oral nicotine products since 1902. Based on net sales BAT is the largest cigarettes manufacturing company worldwide and have headquarter at London, England. With multiple brands including Pall Mall, Lucky Strike, Dunhill & Kent, BAT has operations in 180 countries. New product Vype, Vuse, Glo and Velo are also introduced. In March 2020 BAT Group sets an inspirational drive for the business and company by presenting its progressed strategy. The BAT’s transformed purpose to “build a better tomorrow” by reducing the health effect of its commercial business activity with donating a greater choice of reduced risk and enjoyable products for its consumers. It is to develop its growth model by the developing a portfolio in nicotine and beyond, meeting evolving needs of customer for satisfaction and enjoyment.
Omani EFL Teachers Engagement in Action Research: Challenges & Opportunities
Authors: Al-Balushi Khadija
Published: July 2022

Action research engages practitioners in rigorous cycles of planning, observation, action and reflection, which can lead to change in understandings and practice; so, they become reflective practitioners. Despite the importance of action research in informing classroom practice, the literature has shown that there are many challenges that hinder teachers from performing classroom research. This qualitative research study investigated Omani EFL teachers' experiences of participating in classroom action research and the challenges they face in doing research. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with EFL teachers. 22 participants have been interviewed, out of whom were 18 English teachers and 4 Senior English teachers from 4 public schools in Oman. The findings revealed that some respondents participated in action research activities either as part of their pre-service teacher preparation programmes or through joining in-service action research courses after becoming practitioner teachers. However, they described their action research experience as difficult. The findings highlighted a number of challenges that hinder EFL teachers in Oman from doing action research such as, lack of knowledge, lack of time and lack of interest. The findings suggest that educational policy makers in Oman should create a research culture in schools, and provide incentives for teachers who participate in research activities. Moreover, there is a need to provide EFL teachers with the needed training on research so they become equipped with the knowledge and skills in doing research to improve the quality of teaching and learning in schools and create a community of teacher-researchers in Oman.
Public Debt and Economic Development: An Empirical Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Ofurum Clifford Obiyo , Fubara Siminalayi Joseph
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the impact of public debt on economic development in Nigeria. The objective is to empirical study the relationship between public debt and economic development in Nigeria between 1980 and 2019. Data were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical bulletin, and the Augmented DiDickey-FullerADF), Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), and Granger Causality were used to test the hypotheses and analyse the data. The results indicate that foreign debt servicing does not have a significant impact on Nigerian real GDP. Foreign debt servicing has a negative but insignificant impact on real GDP. In addition, the result indicates that external debt does not significantly impact unemployment. External debt servicing has no significant effect on unemployment. Given the study's findings and the importance of natural resource utilisation in the Nigerian economy, the study recommends that the private sector support the government in developing technology to facilitate natural resource exploitation to generate additional revenue to finance the government budget and reduce borrowings.
Unua aliro al la uzo de interjekcioj en Esperanto
Authors: Fortes Fabio
Published: July 2022

Interjections are a class of words found across all natural languages. Their use relates to the expression of mental states or speech acts within the discursive context. Although they are relatively common in natural languages, they represent a class of words that are poorly integrated into the grammar, and therefore, are theoretically less predictable as linguistic elements for planned languages ​​such as Esperanto. In this article, I propose to analyze the use of some interjections in Esperanto. The aim is to understand how competent speakers of this language employ interjections. For this, in the first part I review the literature on the linguistic aspects of interjections, in comparison with the Esperanto grammatical tradition; then I analyze the data related to the use of these words by competent speakers, which I obtained through the application of a survey specially designed for this purpose, which is also described in this article.
Konferenzbericht: 31. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Interlinguistik e. V., Berlin, 12.–14.11.2021
Authors: Brosch Cyril Robert
Published: July 2022

Konferenzbericht: 31. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Interlinguistik e. V., Berlin, 12.–14.11.2021.
On the solutions to p-Poisson equation with Robin boundary conditions when p goes to +∞
Authors: Amato Vincenzo , Masiello Alba Lia , Nitsch Carlo , Trombetti Cristina
Published: July 2022

We study the behaviour, when

p
→
+
∞

p\to +\infty

, of the first p-Laplacian eigenvalues with Robin boundary conditions and the limit of the associated eigenfunctions. We prove that the limit of the eigenfunctions is a viscosity solution to an eigenvalue problem for the so-called

∞

\infty

-Laplacian. Moreover, in the second part of the article, we focus our attention on the p-Poisson equation when the datum

f

f

belongs to

L

∞

(

Ω

)

{L}^{\infty }\left(\Omega )

and we study the behaviour of solutions when

p
→
∞

p\to \infty

.
Immersive VR training system for clipping intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Allgaier Mareen , Neyazi Belal , Erol Sandalcioglu I. , Preim Bernhard , Saalfeld Sylvia
Published: July 2022

Training clipping of intracranial aneurysms is challenging due to less frequent interventions because of minimalinvasive methods, ethical aspects regarding cadaver training and consumption of resources when using 3D printed models. By proposing an immersive virtual reality training system, we make use of increased motivation, engagement and realism when using a virtual operating room. In this simulation, a selected microsurgical clip can be applied at the aneurysm neck. Before closing the clip and deforming the vessels, the affected area is visualized to assess the clip position. Our qualitative evaluation with two neurosurgeons with different levels of experience indicates benefits such as increased motivation, presence, and the possibility to try out different strategies. However, some surgical steps can be refined to increase realism and learning effect, and interactions can be further improved. The proposed training system benefits from training by trial and error in an engaging environment leading to an improved training experience.
Centerline and blockstructure for fast structured mesh generation
Authors: Niemann Annika , Janiga Gabor , Preim Bernhard , Behme Daniel , Saalfeld Sylvia
Published: July 2022

In contrast to unstructured meshes, structured meshes yield faster simulation results for bio-medical simulations, but are very time-consuming to create. A preprocessing step in the generation of structured meshes is the manual construction of a blockstructure approximating the vessel. Here, we present an automatic centerline calculation and blockstructure generation to reduce the user effort and time of structured mesh generation. The centerline is detected as points in between opposite faces. Based on the centerline, cross sections are determined and a blockstructure which approximates the vessel is automatically generated. The centerline detection does not require time-consuming user input and meshes with more than 195,000 vertices are processed in less than 160 seconds. The results of the presented automatic centerline detection are compared to a centerline with manual input generated by the widely used vmtk tool. The centerlines are similar, small differences occur at bifurcation and at the aneurysm.
Quality-dependent Deep Learning for Safe Autonomous Guidewire Navigation
Authors: Ritter Jacqueline , Karstensen Lennart , Langejürgen Jens , Hatzl Johannes , Mathis-Ullrich Franziska , Uhl Christian
Published: July 2022

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide. State-of-the-art treatment often includes the process of navigating endovascular instruments through the vasculature. Automation of the procedure receives much attention lately and may increase treatment quality and unburden clinicians. However, in order to ensure the patient’s safety the endovascular device needs to be steered carefully through the body. In this work, we present a collection of medical criteria that are considered by physicians during an intervention and that can be evaluated automatically enabling a highly objective assessment. Additionally, we trained an autonomous controller with deep reinforcement learning to gently navigate within a 2D simulation of an aortic arch. Among others, the controller reduced the maximum and mean contact force applied to the vessel walls by 43% and 29%, respectively.
Data-Efficient Vision Transformers for Multi-Label Disease Classification on Chest Radiographs
Authors: Behrendt Finn , Bhattacharya Debayan , Krüger Julia , Opfer Roland , Schlaefer Alexander
Published: July 2022

Radiographs are a versatile diagnostic tool for the detection and assessment of pathologies, for treatment planning or for navigation and localization purposes in clinical interventions. However, their interpretation and assessment by radiologists can be tedious and error-prone. Thus, a wide variety of deep learning methods have been proposed to support radiologists interpreting radiographs. Mostly, these approaches rely on convolutional neural networks (CNN) to extract features from images. Especially for the multi-label classification of pathologies on chest radiographs (Chest X-Rays, CXR), CNNs have proven to be well suited. On the Contrary, Vision Transformers (ViTs) have not been applied to this task despite their high classification performance on generic images and interpretable local saliency maps which could add value to clinical interventions. ViTs do not rely on convolutions but on patch-based self-attention and in contrast to CNNs, no prior knowledge of local connectivity is present. While this leads to increased capacity, ViTs typically require an excessive amount of training data which represents a hurdle in the medical domain as high costs are associated with collecting large medical data sets. In this work, we systematically compare the classification performance of ViTs and CNNs for different data set sizes and evaluate more data-efficient ViT variants (DeiT). Our results show that while the performance between ViTs and CNNs is on par with a small benefit for ViTs, DeiTs outperform the former if a reasonably large data set is available for training.
Is Eye-Tracking a Feasible Interaction Paradigm for Large Displays in the Sterile Field?
Authors: Ulas Behiye S. , Emirzeoglu Merve , Burgert Oliver
Published: July 2022

The paper describes how eye-tracking can be used to explore electronic patient records (EPR) in a sterile environment. As an information display, we used a system that we developed for the presentation of patient data and for supporting surgical hand disinfection. The eye-tracking was performed using the Tobii Eye Tracker 4C, and the connection between the eye-tracker and the HTML website was realized using the Tobii EyeX Chrome Extension. Interactions with the EPR are triggered by fixations of icons. The interaction was working as intended, but test persons reported a high mental load while using the system.
A ROS2-based Testbed Environment for Endovascular Robotic Systems
Authors: Eyberg Christoph , Karstensen Lennart , Pusch Tim , Horsch Johannes , Langejürgen Jens
Published: July 2022

Developing autonomous endovascular robotic systems requires physical testbeds to test control algorithms. Typically, such testbeds comprise of several hard- and software components along with a way of having these components communicate with each other. Building such a testbed is a multidisciplinary task which can be beyond the scope of expertise for research groups. The goal of this work is to facilitate setting up such testbeds in two ways: First, we propose a testbed architecture that allows to develop tracking, control and instrument manipulation systems separately by utilizing the ROS2 communication protocol. Secondly, we present a reliable yet straightforward to implement tracking algorithm for endovascular instruments that is built using only open-source software packages. The tracking algorithm is evaluated using both video camera and x-ray imaging and is found to meet the requirements for real time control algorithms. Furthermore, we show an example of the proposed modular testbed architecture as it is used in our lab. Both the modular testbed architecture and the open-source tracking algorithm may serve as helpful building blocks for other researchers in the field seeking to evaluate their control algorithms on physical testbeds.
Suitability Analysis of Industrial Drills for Minimally Invasive Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Knott Anna-Lena , Prinzen Tom , Klenzner Thomas , Schipper Jörg , Kristin Julia , Schmitt Robert H.
Published: July 2022

Medical drilling processes, especially in the area of the otobase, pose a high risk to the patient due to the heat generated and introduced into the tissue. Two measures of reducing the heat are the parameters of the drilling process and the optimisation of the drill geometry. A spiral drill and a singlelip drill are evaluated for their suitability as medical drills in skull base surgery with the objective of integrating a temperature sensor in the tip of the drill. The two drills were chosen because of their promising heat generation properties in pretesting. In this paper the chip formation behaviour and drilling channel quality are analysed. The single-lip drill shows lack in precision of the drilling channel and unsuitable bone chip transport, as material powder is left in the drilling channel. In contrast, the spiral drill shows a good transport of the chips and the drilling channel follows the planned path. As a result, the spiral drill is chosen for the further development of a drill with integrated temperature sensor for minimally invasive drilling.
Estimating Gripping Forces During Robot- Assisted Surgery Based on Motor Current
Authors: Schäfer Max B. , Meiringer Johannes G. , Nawratil Julia , Worbs Lukas , Giacoppo Giuliano A. , Pott Peter P.
Published: July 2022

Accurate measurement of interaction forces during robot-assisted surgery requires compact force sensing modalities in the surgical tools, thus might add considerable cost to the setup. Measuring the motor current to estimate gripping forces, is an advantageous approach since no expensive force sensor is needed. In this paper, a mechanical interface is presented, which allows actuating conventional articulated instruments for robot-assisted surgery. The interface features the estimation of static gripping forces at the instrument’s tip based on the motor current. The evaluation shows reproducible results, and the current-based approach seems to be a cost-efficient way to estimate gripping forces.
Panorama mapping of the colon – a phantom study with robotic endoscopy
Authors: Hackner Ralf , Eixelberger Thomas , Wittenberg Thomas
Published: July 2022

When documenting colonoscopic examinations, the challenge arises, that the exact location of the detected lesions (such as polyps) can usually only be determined with low precision. In order to improve the image-based documentation of such lesions with respect to their location and context, a system is currently investigated and developed, allowing the creation of a panoramic map of the interior of the colon’s lumen during an endoscopic examination. To evaluate the proposed algorithms, a 3D-printed colon phantom with known geometry has been developed. Furthermore, to obtain image sequences with precise and known motion during a simulated examination for test purposes, a robot was used to perform the insertion and withdrawal of the endoscope with constant speed and a steady viewing angle. The thus obtained image data is used to generate an ideal panoramic map using our the proposed stitching algorithm. Hence, it is possible to obtain reference maps of the phantom, which can be used to evaluate the quality of the algorithm.
Robotic assistant systems for surgical procedures of the anterior skull base
Authors: Schuler Patrick J. , Böhm Felix , Greve Jens , Scheithauer Marc , Hoffmann Thomas K.
Published: July 2022

Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) has been widely accepted in the clinical routine around the world with a focus on urology, gynecology and general surgery. Even transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is applied on a regular basis in some specialized medical centers. However, the anatomical constraints and the delicate procedures at the anterior skull base prevent the introduction of RAS until today. We have performed an extended literature research on robot-assisted skull base surgery and added our own pre-clinical experiences to the list of publications. The overview includes available systems, pre-clinical and clinical applications, specific limitations, remaining challenges and an outlook into future developments.
Shift dynamics of the groups of Fibonacci type
Authors: McDermott Kirk
Published: July 2022

We study the shift dynamics of the groups

G
=

G
n

⁢

(

x
0

⁢

x
m

⁢

x
k

-
1

)

G=G_{n}(x_{0}x_{m}x_{k}^{-1})

of Fibonacci type introduced by Johnson and Mawdesley.
The main result concerns the order of the shift automorphism of 𝐺 and determining whether it is an outer automorphism, and we find the latter occurs if and only if 𝐺 is not perfect.
A result of Bogley provides that the aspherical presentations determine groups admitting a free shift action by

Z
n

\mathbb{Z}_{n}

on the nonidentity elements of 𝐺, from which it follows that the shift is an outer automorphism of order 𝑛 when 𝐺 is nontrivial.
The focus of this paper is therefore on the non-aspherical cases, which include for example the Fibonacci and Sieradski groups.
With few exceptions, the fixed-point and freeness problems for the shift automorphism are solved, in some cases using computational and topological methods.
My Father Died this Summer
Authors: Boudreaux Joanna
Published: July 2022

This is a critical autoethnographic essay in which the author reflects upon her life and childhood. The author considers the role of institutional memory in foreclosing on the reality of what her father suffered and endured as a Vietnam Veteran with an immigrant wife and non-white children. The author connects various theories in her contemplation of how dominant universalisms codify and label our identities, resulting in an estrangement of the self, from the self, and from those we are in closest relation with. This essay thus reflects on how our relational identities are held captive and seeks to encourage reflection on how to move forward toward a living existence.
The Dead Moms Club
Authors: Taylor Elise P.
Published: July 2022

How do we survive loss when the physical body is gone, but their words and thoughts—in the form of a digital footprint—remain? This essay takes an autoethnographic approach to this question by juxtaposing the author’s thoughts and reflections with her deceased mother’s blogs. In doing so, they discuss their relationship, remember shared experiences together, and reflect on what it means to have someone die when their so-called “digital souls” live on permanently. The essay concludes by asking how we, as individuals, should address the problem of what to do with our digital remains, and how future bereaved people will make use of digital footprints that the dead leave behind.
Muhammadiyah as Policy Entrepreneur in Policy Change Making of Oil and Gas Law
Authors: Kurniawati Nawang , Hadna Agus Heruanto , Kurniawan Bachtiar Dwi
Published: July 2022

Muhammadiyah pursues a policy agenda by suing Law Number 21 of the Year 2001 regarding the oil and gas in 2012. Muhammadiyah acts as PE, bringing together three streams of MSA (problem stream, politic stream, and policy stream) to open the policy window and make the public issues (lawsuit) of the policy agenda. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the efforts of Muhammadiyah as a policy entrepreneur in policy change making towards oil and gas law. This research is used a descriptive qualitative method to describe the chronology of Muhammadiyah as a policy actor. The purposive sampling method was used for this study because it involved informants who understood the problem. This study also uses data collection techniques by interview, literature study, and documentation analyzed using Miles and Huberman's analysis technique. As the result of this research, Muhammadiyah came as an informal policy actor interested in pursuing policy ideas. The stream of a problem and political current rose as the most defining currents for Muhammadiyah to become a policy entrepreneur. The two streams succeeded in influencing the policy flow, and those were able to bring together three MSA. Hence, this lawsuit had implications for Migas's dissolution based on MK Decision Number 36/PUU-X/2012.
Ethics Political Communication Using Gayo Cultural System Approach (edet gayo)
Authors: Basri Hasan , Efendi Muhsin
Published: July 2022

Ethics political communication used in the order in the government presented opinion or advice necessary keep a message manners according to customs culture gayo have separate ethics had meaning very important. Ethics political communication by the government to the society will affect any good; on the contrary, political communication also to the government will feed into aspects in improving the good order. Ethics political communication community groups as expressing an opinion society organizations politely and mannered use gayo culture and so is government response in accommodating the aspirations of the organizations. District of Aceh central gayo occupying an integral part of Indonesia. Those who have the character and values of the specific customs and culture of Indonesian society in general. The gayo customs and cultural values make the values of the Gayo customary philosophy in everyday life. The system of cultural values of the gayo community at events contains knowledge, beliefs, values, religion, norms, rules, and laws that become a reference for behavior in community life, the philosophical values of the gayo community, cannot be separated from the customs/culture of the gayo community as;  Genap mupakat (democracy), amanat (integrity), tertip (orderly rules), alang tulung beret bantu (mutual help), gemasih (affection), setie (loyal), bersikekemelen (competing), dan mutentu (effective). Courteousness in conveying aspirations and opinions to the government and the government to the community must have politeness ethics in political communication to avoid inconsistencies and insecurity between the people and the government in Central Aceh
Single-cell transcriptomics of staged oocytes and somatic cells reveal novel regulators of follicle activation
Authors: Chen Yu-Ying , Russo Daniela D , Drake Riley S , Duncan Francesca E , Shalek Alex K , Goods Brittany A , Woodruff Teresa K
Published: July 2022

In brief

Proper development of ovarian follicles, comprised of an oocyte and surrounding somatic cells, is essential to support female fertility and endocrine health. Here, we describe a method to isolate single oocytes and somatic cells from the earliest stage follicles, called primordial follicles, and we characterize signals that drive their activation.

Primordial follicles are the first class of follicles formed in the mammalian ovary and are comprised of an oocyte surrounded by a layer of squamous pre-granulosa cells. This developmental class remains in a non-growing state until individual follicles activate to initiate folliculogenesis. What regulates the timing of follicle activation and the upstream signals that govern these processes are major unanswered questions in ovarian biology. This is partly due to the paucity of data on staged follicle cells since isolating and manipulating individual oocytes and somatic cells from early follicle stages are challenging. To date, most studies on isolated primordial follicles have been conducted on cells collected from animal-age- or oocyte size-specific samples, which encompass multiple follicular stages. Here, we report a method for collecting primordial follicles and their associated oocytes and somatic cells from neonatal murine ovaries using liberase, DNase I, and Accutase. This methodology allows for the identification and collection of follicles immediately post-activation enabling unprecedented interrogation of the primordial-to-primary follicle transition. Molecular profiling by single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that processes including organelle disassembly and cadherin binding were enriched in oocytes and somatic cells as they transitioned from primordial to the primary follicle stage. Furthermore, targets including WNT4, TGFB1, FOXO3, and a network of transcription factors were identified in the transitioning oocytes and somatic cells as potential upstream regulators that collectively may drive follicle activation. Taken together, we have developed a more precise characterization and selection method for studying staged-follicle cells, revealing several novel regulators of early folliculogenesis.
Digital Education for Ethnic Minorities in China
Authors: Yu Jiangran
Published: July 2022

The education of China’s ethnic minorities has made extraordinary progress in recent years as a result of an enhanced information infrastructure, universalized intelligent education, updated teaching concepts, and intensified education reform. The Work Plans for Building Intelligent Education Pilot Areas and Experimental Schools in Minority Regions announced in 2020 by the Ethnic Education Development Center of China’s Ministry of Education emphasized the necessity of establishing a cloud platform for minority education utilizing fifth-generation telecommunication technology, artificial intelligence, big data, and other information technologies. This article looked at the results of developing digital education in minority areas and pointed out its flaws and problems in order to help ethnic digital education grow in a way that is sustainable.
The Impact of Acupuncture and Moxibustion on the Microenvironment
Authors: Kim Yoon Sang
Published: July 2022

Acupuncture therapy is an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine that is being recognized by an increasing number of countries due to its convenience, effectiveness, and low risk of adverse reactions. The microenvironment is important in the occurrence, development, treatment, and rehabilitation of diseases, and has recently become a focus of research in the field of various diseases. Acupuncture’s therapeutic effect on the human body begins in the microenvironment (acupoints) and ends in the microenvironment (lesions). Many reports on the mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion are written with the impact of acupuncture on the microenvironment of different systems or parts in mind. Several diseases that have been widely reported in recent years, such as osteoarthritis, spinal cord injury, and tumors, have been chosen as examples.
Cost of credit and profitability of large industrial firms in Ukraine
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Kerimov Pavlo
Published: July 2022

Lending in Ukraine is usually studied from the creditor’s perspective, and based on the macroeconomic-level data, due to statistics availability. This potentially leaves out the problems that exist on microeconomic level, and leads to one-sided conclusions regarding, for instance, justification for certain levels of cost of credit based exclusively on minimal required profitability. In order to complement these conclusions, it is expedient to use microeconomic data-based analysis performed on a representative selection of firms, and thus the aim of this study is to evaluate credit availability for large firms in Ukraine in 2006-2020. Within the framework of the designated aim, liabilities structure, expected costs of financial resources, both credit and equity-based, have been analyzed for a selection of firms, and then compared to their respective profitability ratios. The main conclusion is that an average large industrial firm in Ukraine in 2006-2020 was not profitable enough to attract either loans or investments on market terms, and it is unlikely the situation has changed now. Individual firms, mainly of agricultural, mining, mechanical engineering, food and trade industries, are the exception to this rule. The reason for this is abnormally high profitability volatility, and in many cases – loss-making of large industrial firms, which in turn raise their risks (and thus the cost of financial resources for them); in other words, an average industrial firm has to pay elevated cost for credit due to its low creditworthiness. The practical conclusion is that the average large industrial firm in Ukraine is maladapted to market-based economy, and thus they should not be the centerpiece for planning of an economic development policy. Due to the tendency of such firms to bias any form of aggregated statistics in their favor, it is advisable to exclude them altogether, and aim to use representative selections based on medium and small firms instead. In particular, such approach must be used for aggregation of industry-specific capital structure, as well as for evaluation of costs of credit, equity and of their underlying risks. This would allow for setting a better scale in estimation of costs of financial resources.
Forecasting a city's socio-economic development on the example of Ivano-Frankivsk
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Metoshop Iryna
Published: July 2022

development, evaluating its level on the basis of a selected system of indicators on the example of Ivano-Frankivsk, and outlines the main directions its socio-economic development. Despite the significant amount of research in this area, the complexity and scale of current problems, and the need for territorial development of Ukraine justify the need for methodological tools to determine the level of change and the main directions of socio-economic development. To study changes in the socio-economic development of cities, it is recommended to use the method of integrated assessment, as this approach provides information on the overall dynamics of their development, taking into account a wide range of indicators that determine favorable and inhibitory trends. Regarding the forecasting of further changes on the basis of various dependencies, the ranking of models by the approximation coefficient and by the deviation of the calculated integrated indicator and its predicted value should be applied. This approach to forecasting makes it possible to identify the trend of future changes in the model of approximation, which determines the reliability and accuracy of such forecasting. The assessment of socio-economic development on the example of Ivano-Frankivsk showed a low level of changes in the city's development and their further reduction while maintaining the current situation for the period 2018-2020. The article also outlines the main directions of increasing the city's development by restoring and increasing industrial production, introducing innovative technologies, and increasing product competitiveness by attracting investment, creating new jobs, upgrading, reconstructing and modernizing fixed assets, increasing production capacity and increasing business efficiency by expanding the market, increasing exports, promoting the introduction of advanced energy and resource-saving technologies, and the use of alternative energy sources. Greater efforts are also needed from cities to attract financial resources through grants and programs and to involve local people in addressing socio-economic and environmental issues, which will improve their well-being and quality of life. Funding for development programs can be expanded through loans from local governments. Despite the transfer of executive power to local governments and the expansion of their fiscal autonomy, most problems still remain. Therefore, in order to revive the local credit market, it is first necessary to ensure the stability of the political and economic situation in the country and to implement a number of institutional and structural reforms.
Reaction 14C(11B, 12C)13B at Elab(11B) = 45 MeV, interaction of 13B + 12C versus that of 10,11,12B + 12C
Authors:   Institute for Nuclear Research, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mezhevych S.Yu. , Rudchik A.T. , Rusek K. , Kemper K.W. , Rudchik A.A. , Ponkratenko O.A. , Koshchy E.I. ,   Heavy Ion Laboratory of Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland,   Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA,   Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
Published: July 2022

New experimental data for differential cross-sections of the 14C(11B, 12C)13B reaction obtained recently at the energy Еlab(11B) = 45 MeV for the ground states of 13B and 12C were analyzed within the coupled reaction channels (CRC) method that included the 11B + 14C elastic scattering channel as well as channels for one- and two-step transfers of nucleons in the coupling scheme. The necessary 11B + 14C Woods - Saxon (WS) optical potential parameters for the entrance reaction channel were obtained from 11B elastic scattering in the previous work, while those for 12C + 13B interaction were deduced from fitting the CRC calculations to the 14C(11B, 12C)13B reaction data. Needed spectroscopic amplitudes of transferred nucleons and clusters were calculated within the translational-invariant shell model. The data are well described by the direct transfer of a proton while contributions from two-step transfers were found to be negligible. The deduced 13B + 12C WS optical potential parameters are compared with those of the 10,11,12B + 12C nuclei interactions. The effect of isotopic differences in these interactions was observed.
Cytogenetic studies of Myodes glareolus from the natural populations of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone in the remote post-accident period
Authors:   Institute for Nuclear Research, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Riabchenko N.M. , Burdo O.O. , Lypska A.I.
Published: July 2022

The results of cytogenetic studies of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) carried out during 2009 - 2016 in the areas of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone with different levels of radionuclide contamination are presented. In the remote period after the Chornobyl accident features of chromosomal instability in somatic cells of examined animals, manifested as elevated levels of bone marrow cells with micronuclei, are observed. Probably, they can be caused by transgenerational radiation-induced chromosomal instability and changes in the ecological characteristics of the population under the combined impact of chronic low-intensity radiation and negative environmental factors.
Coding for Initial and Subsequent Hospital Encounters
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: July 2022

This article reviews the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) codes and guidelines for selecting appropriate codes for evaluation and management (E/M) services provided to hospital patients in inpatient or observation stays. The following topics are reviewed:

Services that are designated as initial or subsequent encounters General differences in requirements of initial and subsequent encounter codes Guidelines for code selection by the admitting or attending physician Guidelines for code selection by physicians other than the admitting or attending physician
IDEOLOGI BENCANA DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN: ANALISIS KATA FITNAH PADA SURAH AL-ANBIYA[21]:35 DENGAN TEORI MA’NA-CUM-MAGHZA)
Authors: Firdausiyah Umi Wasilatul , Hardivizon Hardivizon
Published: July 2022

Diskursus dalam penelitian ini berupa ideologi bencana dalam perspektif Al-Qur’an, yang terfokus pada pembahasan kata fitnah dalam QS.  Al-Anbiya  [21]:35. Tujuan dari penelitian ini berupa upaya untuk menemukan kredibilitas makna dan eksistensi kata fitnah dalam al-Qur'an dengan bingkai teologi bencana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian Library Research, dengan pengumpulan data berupa dokumentasi dan analisis data berupa metode tematik karena tidak semua ayat yang digunakan oleh penulis. Ditambah dengan teori hermeneutika ma’na-cum-maghza, yang dilengkapi dengan triangulasi sumber sebagai keabsahan datanya. Hasil penelitian ini yang terbingkai dalam teologi bencana terhadap kata fitnah pada QS.  Al-Anbiya [21]:35 memiliki artian sebagai suatu bencana bagi setiap individu maupun kelompok dan eksistensi kata fitnah memiliki dua pembagian yakni keburukan dan kebaikan, serta suatu kematian dan ujian kehidupan merupakan keniscayaan yang pasti akan terjadi, hal tersebut juga sebagai cobaan dari ujian iman. Penafsiran QS.  Al-Anbiya [21]:35 dengan ma’na-cum-maghza, juga beimplikasi pada kajian tafsir kontemporer dan dapat mempengarui mindset masyarakat terhadap pemaknaan maupun pengucapan kata fitnah.
HISTORIOGRAFI H. ROSIHAN ANWAR DALAM PENULISAN SEJARAH DI INDONESIA TAHUN 1945-2011
Authors: Nurpiddin Anhar , Samsudin Samsudin , Sulasman Sulasman
Published: July 2022

H. Rosihan Anwar di Indonesia lebih dikenal sebagai seorang wartawan senior hingga mendapatkan julukan wartawan tiga zaman. Ia mempunyai peranan penting dalam penulisan sejarah, walaupun dinobatkan sebagai sejarawan non-akademis tetapi dengan banyaknya karya-karya sejarah yang ditulisnya dan ia mampu mengemas sejarah menjadi suatu hal yang menarik untuk dikaji. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana peranan dari H. Rosihan dalam penulisan sejarah, karena tokoh ini lebih dikenal sebagai seorang wartawan dibandingkan seorang sejarawan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian sejarah seperti Heuristik, Kritik, Interpretasi dan Historiografi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah H. Rosihan Anwar yang lebih dikenal sebagai seorang wartawan senior di Indonesia ternyata ia juga banyak memberikan konstribusinya dalam penulisan-penulisan sejarah di Indonesia. Walaupun termasuk ke dalam kategori sejarawan non-akademisi.
SOSIALISASI DAN INTERNALISASI NILAI-NILAI ISLAM MELALUI PEMBACAAN TERJEMAH AL-QUR’AN BAHASA SUNDA PADA KEGIATAN PENGAJIAN MAJELIS TAKLIM
Authors: Akmaliyah Akmaliyah , Addriadi Irfan , Nugraha Eghy Farhan , Gunawan Indra
Published: July 2022

Al-Qur’an sebagai pedoman umat Islam diturunkan dalam Bahasa Arab, maka salah satu upaya untuk sosialisasi dan internalisasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam Al-Qur’an yang berbahasa Arab itu dilakukan penerjemahan Al-Qur’an ke dalam Bahasa nasional atau Bahasa daerah. Seperti halnya pembacaan Al-Qur’an dalam Bahasa Sunda yang dilakukan ibu-ibu Majelis Taklim An Nur Kabupaten Bandung yang diuraikan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Adapun metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerjemahan Al-Qur’an dalam bahasa daerah memiliki manfaat yang besar bagi sosialisasi dan internalisasi nilai-nilai Islam yang terkandung dalam Al-Qur’an. Terdapat manfaat pemahaman dan internalisasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam Al-Qur’an pada ibu-ibu pengguna Bahasa Sunda peserta Majelis Taklim An Nur melalui kegiatan membaca Al-Qur’an terjemah Bahasa Sunda.
POTENSI WISATA RELIGI MAKAM SUNAN GIRI SEBAGAI WUJUD PELESTARIAN KEARIFAN LOKAL ARSITEKTUR ISLAM DI KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Rizaldi Martin , Sulistyo Wahyu Djoko
Published: July 2022

Kabupaten Gresik menjadi salah satu daerah yang dikenal akan wisata religinya di Jawa Timur. Budaya Islam berkembang di Pulau Jawa disebabkan karena adanya pengaruh dari syiar agama para Wali Songo. Oleh sebab itu, di Kabupaten Gresik terdapat seorang wali yang dimakamkan di wilayah sana yakni Sunan Giri. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi wisata religi makam Sunan Giri sebagai wujud pelestarian kearifan lokal pada arsitektur Islam di Kabupaten Gresik. Metode yang digunakan untuk menyusun artikel ini menggunakan metode sejarah yang memiliki empat tahapan, yaitu heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Sumber data didapatkan melalui kajian pustaka atau studi kepustakaan. Wisata religi makam Sunan Giri memiliki potensi alam yang amat menarik dan pola ciri-ciri unik apabila dikelola lebih lanjut. Makam Sunan Giri memiliki ciri khas motif arkeologi peninggalan pada masa awal agama Islam yang mempunyai makna dan nilai-nilai konsepsi kawasan sebagai wujud pelestarian kearifan lokal.
PENGENALAN BUDAYA SUNDA PADA ANAK USIA DINI: SEBUAH NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Rizkiyani Fanny , Sari Dianti Yunia
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini menelaah penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya mengenai integrasi pengenalan budaya Sunda dalam pembelajaran di tingkat anak usia dini. Adapun literatur-literatur yang dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini adalah literatur berbentuk artikel yang dipublikasikan antara rentang waktu 2019-2022. Pencarian dalam database Google Scholar  memunculkan sejumlah 787 literatur, dan hanya 9 artikel jurnal yang dipilih untuk dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, elemen-elemen dari budaya Sunda yang sudah dikenalkan dalam pembelajaran di kalangan anak usia dini, di antaranya, adalah bahasa Sunda, alat transportasi tradisional, alat bertani tradisional, tarian dan permainan tradisional, serta seni tradisional. Pengenalan budaya Sunda tersebut diintegrasikan dalam pembelajaran yang bertujuan meningkatkan keterampilan anak dalam aspek-aspek perkembangan tertentu, yaitu bahasa, fisik motorik, kognitif, dan sosial emosional. Mempertimbangkan karakter pendidikan anak usia dini yang holistik integratif, pengenalan budaya Sunda memiliki potensi untuk diintegrasikan dalam pembelajaran yang menargetkan peningkatkan beberapa aspek perkembangan anak secara simultan.
Islam and the Tyranny of Authenticity: An Inquiry into Disciplinary Apologetics and Self-Deception
Authors: Hughes Aaron W.
Published: July 2022

Many scholars of Islam are interested in creating a liberal, inclusive, pluralistic, feminist, and modern version of the religion that they believe to be explicit in the pages of the Qur’ān, but missed by earlier interpreters. In so doing, they create “good” Islam and, in the process, seek to define what does and does not get to count as authentic. As the purveyors of what they now believe to be veritable Islam, they subsequently claim that rival presentations are bastardizations based either on Orientalism and Islamophobia (if one is a non-Muslim) or misogyny and homophobia (if one is a Muslim that disagrees with them). Instead of engaging in critical scholarship, they engage in a constructive and theological project that they deceive themselves into thinking is both analytical and empirical. This book provides a hard-hitting examination of the spiritual motivations, rhetorical moves, and political implications associated with these apologetical discourses. It argues that what is at stake is relevance, and examines the consequences of engaging in mythopoesis as opposed to scholarship.