bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationships between authentic leadership, psychological capital, psychological climate, team commitment and intention to quit
Authors: Munyaka Sharon A. , Boshoff Adré B. , Pietersen Jacques , Snelgar Robin
Published: August 2017

Orientation: The relationship between authentic leadership, psychological capital, psychological climate and team commitment in a manufacturing organisation could have a significant impact on employee intention to quit.Research purpose: To determine the relationship between five positive organisational behaviour variables (authentic leadership, psychological capital, psychological climate and team commitment) and their ultimate influence on an individual’s intention to quit. Thus, it is preceded by the determination of the structural invariance of the measurement instruments when applied to a South African sample.Justification for the study: The study sought to fill the gap in the literature in relation to understanding the effect of the relationship between psychological capital, authentic leadership, psychological climate and team commitment on the behaviour of employees in a manufacturing organisation and how this influences their decision to quit. Such a study has not previously been conducted in the South African manufacturing sector.Research design, approach and method: Utilising a non-experimental correlational approach, a self-administered composite questionnaire consisting of five psychological scales was distributed to 204 employees in the junior to senior management level at a global tyre manufacturing organisation in South Africa. Multivariate data analysis included the structural equation modelling.Main findings: There is a significantly strong positive relationship between authentic leadership, psychological capital, psychological climate and team commitment. Authentic leadership has a significant influence on psychological capital and psychological climate. This results in a positive impact on organisational commitment, leading to employees’ intention to quit.Practical/managerial implications: Manufacturing organisations need to develop and implement collaborative leadership intervention strategies aimed at improving psychological capital and psychological climate.Contribution/value-add: The findings inform researchers and management from manufacturing organisations to understand the correlation between organisational behaviour variables. This relationship informs the development and implementation of strategies aimed at furnishing psychological capital and psychological climate.
Effect of Tenofovor Diproxil Fumarate on Renal Function and Urinalysis Abnormalities in HIV-Infected Cameroonian Adults
Authors: Fritzsche Carlos , Rudolph Jens , Huenten-Kirsch Barbara , Hemmer Christoph J. , Tekoh Robert , Kuwoh Pius B. , Glass Aenne , Reisinger Emil C.
Published: August 2017

In Sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of HIV-associated kidney diseases is as high as 53.3%. Combined antiretroviral treatment (cART), especially tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), is known to be nephrotoxic. We undertook this cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 at the Regional Hospital Limbe in the Southwest Region of Cameroon to determine the prevalence of renal dysfunction and its correlates among treatment-experienced HIV-infected patients on TDF and treatment-naïve patients. In April 2016, a follow-up was performed on those who had been treatment-naïve and were started on cART after enrolment in the study. We compared 119 patients on TDF-containing regimens with 47 treatment-naïve patients. Proteinuria was significantly more prevalent, and creatinine was significantly higher among treatment-naïve patients than among those on treatment (52.2% versus 26.1%; P = 0.003 and P = 0.009, respectively). The proportion of patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/minute was significantly higher among treatment-naïve patients than among those on TDF treatment (40.4% versus 24.4%; P = 0.041). Treatment-naïve patients displayed an improvement in creatinine levels and eGFR after 6 months of treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the impact of TDF on renal parameters in Cameroon. TDF appears to be safe and does not appear to be a significant cause of renal impairment. However, renal parameters should be monitored regularly, as recommended by the guidelines.
Direct Biomarkers of Microbial Translocation Correlate with Immune Activation in Adult Zambians with Environmental Enteropathy and Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis
Authors: Kaonga Patrick , Kaimoyo Evans , Besa Ellen , Zyambo Kanekwa , Sinkala Edford , Kelly Paul
Published: August 2017

Microbial translocation is a poorly understood consequence of several disorders such as environmental enteropathy (EE) and hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS). Herein, we compared biomarkers of microbial origin and immune activation in adults with these disorders and in healthy controls. A cross-sectional study was conducted in participants with EE recruited from Misisi compound, Lusaka, Zambia; HSS patients and healthy controls from the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka. Plasma lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) was measured by limulus amoebocyte lysate assay, plasma 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene copy number was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Toll-like receptor ligand (TLRL) activity by QUANTI-Blue detection medium, and cytokines from cell culture supernatant by Cytometric Bead Array. In univariate analysis LPS, 16S rRNA gene copy number, and TLR activity were all high and correlated with each other and with cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and IL-4 secreted by the RAW-Blue cells. After controlling for baseline characteristic, biomarkers of microbial translocation in blood were predictors of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 activation in cell culture supernatant from EE participants and HSS patients but not in healthy controls. TLR activity showed the strongest correlation with TNF-α. These data provide correlative evidence that microbial translocation contributes to systemic cytokine activation in two disorders common in the tropics, with total TLR ligand estimation showing the strongest correlation with TNF-α (r = 0.66, P < 0.001).
Reviews and Synthesis: To the bottom of carbon processing at the seafloor
Authors: Middelburg Jack J.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Organic carbon processing at the seafloor is studied by geologists to better understand the sedimentary record, by biogeochemists to quantify burial and respiration, by organic geochemists to elucidate compositional changes and by ecologists to follow carbon transfers within food webs. Here I review these disciplinary approaches and discuss where they agree and disagree. It shown that the biogeochemical approach (ignoring the identity of organisms) and the ecological approach (focussing on growth and biomass of organisms) are consistent on longer time scales. It is hypothesized that secondary production by microbes and animals might impact the composition of sedimentary organic matter eventually buried. Animals impact sediment organic carbon processing by microbes in multiple ways: by governing organic carbon supply to sediments and by mixing labile organic matter to deeper layers. An inverted microbial loop is presented in which microbes profit from bioturbation rather than animals profiting from microbial processing of otherwise lost dissolved organic resources. Sediments devoid of fauna therefore function differently and are less efficient in processing organic matter with the consequence that more organic matter is buried and transferred from Vernadsky’s biosphere to the geosphere.
ANÁLISE NUMÉRICA DE INSTABILIDADE LATERAL EM VIGA PRÉ-MOLDADA ESBELTA
Authors: Cardoso Maria Teresa Santos do Amaral , Lima Maria Cristina Vidigal de
Published: August 2017

RESUMO: A utilização de vigas pré-moldadas de concreto cada vez mais esbeltas tem se tornado comum na Engenharia Civil, sobretudo aquelas destinadas a transpor longos vãos em pontes, viadutos e obras de arte em geral. Preocupa o comportamento dessas vigas face à estabilidade lateral nas fases transitórias e em serviço. A presença de imperfeições geométricas agrava ainda mais a situação crítica dessas vigas. Duas fases devem ser avaliadas: o içamento e quando a viga encontra-se sobre apoios provisórios, ou seja, quando as ligações definitivas ainda não foram executadas. Na tentativa de estudar o comportamento de vigas esbeltas com relação à estabilidade lateral, este trabalho apresenta a análise de instabilidade feita numa viga de dimensões padronizadas denominada viga platibanda realizada no programa computacional de análise numérica ANSYS. O objetivo é conhecer a carga crítica de instabilidade para cada uma das situações analisadas: içamento com cabos retos e inclinados na presença e na ausência de balanços e quando a viga encontra-se apoiadas sobre apoios tipo garfo deformáveis ou não a torção na presença e na ausência de balanços. A determinação da carga crítica de flambagem permitiu conhecer os casos que conferem mais segurança à estrutura durante as fases transitórias. Dos casos analisados, a suspensão com cabos retos e balanços e a situação da viga sobre apoios indeformáveis a torção mostraram ser os casos mais benéficos para a segurança da estrutura.ABSTRACT: Using prestressed slender beams has become common in Civil Engineering, especially those designed to transpose long spans of bridges and viaduct. It is worrying behavior of these beams due to the lateral stability in the transitional phases and in service. The presence of geometric imperfections aggravates the situation of these beams. Two stages must be evaluated: lifting and when the beam is on provisional supports, i.e., when final connections are not yet executed. In order to study the behavior of slender beams with respect to lateral stability, this work presents the eigenbuckling analysis made in a beam of standard dimensions called “viga platibanda” performed in the computational program of numerical analysis ANSYS. The objective is to determine the critical load of instability for each of the analyzed situations: lifting with straight and inclined cables in the presence and in the absence of overhangs and when the beam is supported by deformable or not deformable supports in the presence and in the absence of overhangs. The determination of the critical buckling load allowed to know the cases that give more security to the structure during the transitional phases. From all the analyzed situations, lifting with straight cables and overhangs and beam on indeformable supports proved to be the most beneficial cases for the safety of the structure.
Avulsão dental como resultado de trauma: o grau de conhecimento de profissionais socorristas
Authors: Beretta Rodrigo José , Volpato Maria Eduarda Santos , Galato Dayani , De Medeiros Gláucia Helena Faraco
Published: August 2017

Objetivo: avaliar o grau de conhecimento dos profissionais socorristas a respeito do atendimento nos casos de avulsão e reimplante dental. Sujeitos e método: estudo transversal realizado por meio de entrevistas com socorristas profissionais que trabalham em serviço de atendimento de urgência de uma região de Santa Catarina. Resultados: foram entrevistados 101 colaboradores dos quais 74,3% (75) afirmaram que já atenderam casos de trauma dental e 52,5% (53) de avulsão dental, entretanto apenas 38,6% (39) referiram ter recebido alguma orientação acerca de trauma dental e 20,8% (20) sobre avulsão durante sua formação. Dos entrevistados 74 (73,3%) possuem conhecimento de que um dente avulsionado pode ser reimplantado, apenas 19 (18,8%) dos entrevistados afirmaram que o elemento deve ser irrigado e colocado em solução salina ou na boca do paciente, 69 (68,3%) indicaram alguma forma de armazenar o dente avulsionado. Conclusão: o conhecimento dos profissionais que trabalham no serviço de atendimento de urgência estudado quanto ao atendimento de pacientes que sofreram trauma dental, é insuficiente para o cuidado adequado dos mesmos.
Manifestações clínicas orais da sífilis
Authors: De Souza Barbara Capitanio
Published: August 2017

Objetivo: discutir as manifestações clínicas orais da sífilis, com a apresentação de casos clínicos. Relato de caso: Caso 1: paciente masculino, 28 anos, apresentando placa mucosa elevada, firme ao toque, de superfície irregular e com cobertura fibrinóide, contornos bem definidos, sem sintomatologia, na mucosa do lábio inferior. Também foi observado um nódulo bilobulado, firme ao toque, superfície irregular e com cobertura fibrinóide, contornos bem definidos, sem sintomatologia, no ápice de língua. Caso 2: paciente masculino, 22 anos, apresentando queixa de dor de garganta, febre baixa (38°C), mal estar e linfoadenopatia cervical, há 15 dias. O exame clínico oral revelou duas áreas erosivas, eritematosas, sem sintomatologia, no dorso da língua, e uma lesão ulcerada rasa, circundada por área eritematosa, na borda da língua. Foram solicitados exames laboratoriais para os pacientes, confirmando o diagnóstico de sífilis secundária. O tratamento recomendado foi iniciado, havendo a regressão dos sinais clínicos e sintomas, a partir da segunda semana de tratamento. Considerações finais: o desafio do diagnóstico reside no reconhecimento das manifestações clínicas da sífilis, incluindo as características das lesões mucosas e cutâneas. O cirurgião-dentista tem um importante papel de contribuição, devendo conhecer as manifestações mais comuns de sífilis na mucosa oral, para auxiliar com efetividade no diagnóstico e tratamento da doença.
Análise do uso da terapia fotodinâmica no tratamento endodôntico com base em um Congresso Odontológico
Authors: Campêlo dos Santos Manuela Gouvêa , Brito Lívia Natália Sales , De Morais Neves Lucas Emmanuell , De Azevedo Mariele Silva , Dos Santos Thayana Karla Guerra
Published: August 2017

Um dos objetivos do tratamento endodôntico é a máxima desinfecção do sistema de canais radiculares, bem como, a prevenção da sua reinfecção. A terapia fotodinâmica surge como um método coadjuvante na etapa de desinfecção obtendo significativa redução microbiana. Objetivo: traçar um panorama do perfil de uso da terapia fotodinâmica na endodontia no Brasil com base num Congresso de Odontologia e analisar o protocolo utilizado na desinfecção do sistema de canais radiculares. Materiais e método: realizou-se um estudo transversal, por meio da observação indireta dos resumos publicados nos anais da Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica acerca do uso da terapia fotodinâmica na endodontia nos anos de 2013 a 2016. A coleta foi realizada por dois examinadores e as informações foram organizadas e analisadas no programa Statistical Program Software e apresentadas por meio da estatística descritiva. Resultados: foram encontrados 97 trabalhos com 37,1% no ano de 2016; 26,8% no ano de 2014; 18,6% em 2015 e 17,5% em 2013. Observou-se que 40,2% correspondiam a estudos in vitro, 68% tendo finalidade antibacteriana. Em 25,8% associaram o hipoclorito de sódio com outras substâncias químicas auxiliares e 81,4% utilizaram o hidróxido de cálcio como medicação intracanal. O azul de metileno foi o fotossensibilizador mais descrito. Conclusão: a terapia fotodinâmica mostra-se promissora como coadjuvante ao tratamento endodôntico convencional. Fazem-se necessárias mais pesquisas, pois ainda não existe um protocolo padrão para o uso da terapia fotodinâmica na endodontia.
Oral and maxillofacial injuries in preschool children: a study in a hospital in southern Brazil
Authors: Kramer Paulo Floriani , Dietrich Lise Andrea Becker , Cardoso Moisés Zacarias , Borges Tássia Silvana , De Oliveira Milene Castilhos , Miguens Jr Sergio Augusto Quevedo
Published: August 2017

Objective: Oral and maxillofacial (OMF) injuries in children may lead to developmental and functional disorders. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the pattern of OMF injuries in preschool children admitted to the emergency department of a hospital in southern Brazil. Subjects and method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,533 patients admitted from January to December 2011 to identify children aged 0 to 5 years with a diagnosis of OMF trauma. Data were collected on demographic, seasonal and clinical variables. Results: The sample consisted of 288 preschool children (aged 0-5 years) with OMF injuries. Of these, 61.1% were male and 53.2% were < 3 years of age. Most children (84.8%) received first medical care from an dentist. Isolated facial injuries were the most common type of injury (85.1%) in this age group. Soft tissue injuries were the most common injury outcome (77.9%), occurring mainly in the nose and lips. Random accidents were the most common cause of OMF trauma (87.7%), and injuries due to falls occurred in 85.9% of these cases. The most common dental trauma was tooth displacement (69.6%). Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings indicate a higher prevalence of OMF injuries in soft tissues, especially in boys in the first three years of life. Falls were the leading cause of injury. Information related to OMF injuries in children are essential for the control of accidents and development of public health policies.
Osteochondroma of the mandibular angle: Report case and literature review
Authors: C. Limardo Andres , Soza Emilio , Cumpa Nancy , Blanco Luis , Padín Rubén
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone tumor. It is more frequent in long bones, by its pattern of endochondral growth. Osteochondroma in head and neck is rare. The most commonly occurring sites in the craniofacial region is the condyle. The other reported sites are mandibular symphysis, body and angle of mandible, maxillary sinus and posterior maxilla.
Case Report: We present a case of a women patient that presents face asymmetry with tumor in mandibular left angle. After the surgical procedure the pathological anatomy reveals osteochondroma.
Conclusion: Osteochondroma in head and neck are rare. Some cases of osteochondroma in mandibular angle are described in literature. Osteochondroma can be resected by intraoral or extraoral approaches. Only the mandibular condyle lesion require reconstruction.
Iron overload in beta thalassemia major patients
Authors: Mudiyanselage Dilhara Sewwandi Karunaratna Atthanayaka , Shirani Ranasingha JG , Mudiyanselage Mudiyanse Rasnayaka
Published: August 2017

Aims: Beta thalassemia is the most common monogenic hereditary hemoglobin disorder, which poses a major health burden to Sri-Lanka. Regular transfusions of erythrocytes required for survival of these patients lead to inevitable iron overload, which is manifested, by elevated serum ferritin levels. Progressive deposition of iron leads to dysfunction and failure of the major organs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the iron overload of the beta thalassemia major patients in one of the thalassemia centres in Sri Lanka and to find its effect on growth status of the patients.
Methods: The study included forty patients with confirmed diagnosis of beta thalassemia major, undergoing any chelation treatment. The mean age of the study group was 10.97±5.9 years with a range of 2–20 years. The patients were interviewed for the socio-demographic variables and their medical histories were obtained from the hospital files. Serum ferritin concentration, height and weight of the patients were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated.
Results: The mean serum ferritin concentration was 2992.2±1575.35 ng/ml which showed a significant correlation with age and duration of blood transfusion. The mean z-score for height was -2.3±1.06 and 50% of the patients were stunted. The mean z-score for BMI was -1.32±1.28 and 35% of the patients were wasted. Both height and BMI had no significant correlation with iron overload of the patients.
Conclusion: Iron overload and growth retardation were common in beta thalassemia major patients of the treatment center evaluated in this study in Sri Lanka. However, there was no significant relationship between physical growth and iron overload.
ESTRESSE OCUPACIONAL E FATORES ASSOCIADOS ENTRE ENFERMEIROS DE HOSPITAIS PÚBLICOS
Authors: Scholze Alessandro Rolim , Martins Julia Trevisan , Robazzi Maria Lucia Do Carmo Cruz , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço , Galdino Maria José Quina , Ribeiro Renata Perfeito
Published: August 2017

Objetivou-se avaliar o estresse ocupacional e fatores associados entre enfermeiros de hospitais públicos. Estudo transversal com amostra de 185 enfermeiros de três hospitais públicos do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados entre novembro de 2015 e abril de 2016, mediante questionário de caracterização dos participantes e a Job Stress Scale. Realizaram-se análises descritivas e regressão logística. Entre os participantes, predominou o trabalho passivo e o de alta exigência. A percepção negativa dos serviços de apoio à assistência (p=0,003), programas de educação continuada (p=0,007), tempo e oportunidades para solucionar os problemas da assistência (p<0,001) e participação em decisões administrativas (p=0,014) aumentaram as chances de os enfermeiros perceberem o trabalho como estressante. Em contrapartida, maior tempo de trabalho na instituição (p<0,001) e apoio social (p<0,001) associaram-se a menores percepções de trabalho desgastante. Conclui-se que o estresse do enfermeiro esteve associado a fatores do ambiente laboral, sobretudo aqueles que dificultam prestar assistência de qualidade.
FATORES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS E CLÍNICOS ASSOCIADOS À FORÇA DE PREENSÃO MANUAL E VELOCIDADE DA MARCHA EM LONGEVOS
Authors: Lenardt Maria Helena , Grden Clóris Regina Blanski , De Sousa Jacy Aurelia Vieira , Betiolli Susanne Elero , Reche Péricles Martim , Lourenço Tânia Maria
Published: August 2017

Pesquisa transversal com o objetivo de investigar a associação entre fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos e os componentes força de preensão manual e velocidade da marcha em idosos longevos. A amostra contemplou 243 longevos, de três Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Curitiba, Paraná, entre janeiro de 2013 e setembro de 2015. Identificou-se associação significativa entre força de preensão manual e sexo (p=0,001), idade (p=0,001), estado civil (p=0,001), moradia (p=0,001), quedas no último ano (p=0,03), perda de urina (p=0,001), uso de bengala (p=0,001) e andador (p=0,001). A velocidade da marcha apresentou associação com sexo (p=0,001), idade (p=0,001), estado civil (p=0,001), moradia (p=0,001), quedas no último ano (p=0,03), perda de urina (p=0,001), uso de bengala (p=0,001) e andador (p=0,001). Destaca-se que a avaliação da força de preensão manual e velocidade da marcha auxiliam na identificação de alterações funcionais em longevos e constitui-se como parte fundamental na gestão da síndrome da fragilidade física.
Facial nerve paralysis postparotidectomy: A retrospective review of the prevalence and risk factors at a tertiary center
Authors: Ghandoura Shahad T. , Al-Madani Mahmood Z. , Tawakul Qusai A. , Farsi Nada J. , Alwassia Rolina K. , Merdad Mazin A. , Al-khatib Talal A. , Alghamdi Khalid B. , Marzouki Hani Z.
Published: August 2017

Objective: Facial nerve paralysis is one of the most devastating complications after parotid gland surgery. We aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of facial palsy after parotidectomy.Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the data from 54 patients who underwent parotid surgery between 2004 and 2015 at a tertiary medical care center. The prevalence of facial nerve paralysis and possible risk factors (demographic characteristics, tumor characteristics, and operative factors) associated with postoperative paralysis were assessed. Categorical variables were evaluated using the Fisher’s exact test, and a two-tailed t-test was used to assess the associations between continuous and binary outcome variables.Results: The postparotidectomy prevalence of temporary and permanent facial nerve paralysis were 26% and 13%, respectively. Tumors involving both lobes were significantly associated with permanent facial nerve paralysis (p = .048). Long operative duration (> 164 minutes) was associated with both temporary and permanent facial nerve paralysis (p = .040).Conclusions: Operative factors such as operative duration and tumor characteristics such as bilobal involvement increased the risk of postparotidectomy facial nerve paralysis. Such factors should be considered to reduce the risk of palsy in patients undergoing parotidectomy.
Accounting Information System and Its Role on Business Performance: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Al-dmour Ahamed , Al-Fawaz Khaled Mofawiz , Al-dmour Rand , Allozi Nurah Musa
Published: August 2017

While some researchers did not find a direct relationship between Accounting Information System and a firm’s business performance, others did. In this regard, it has been confirmed that implementing a proper Accounting Information System is an enabler to competitive advantage. Indeed, causal links were founded between Accounting Information System and firm performance. This study aims to review the literature that relates to such links. The conclusions of the current study are provided and areas for further research are also addressed.
Preliminary Study on the Exploitation of Chinese Fevervine Fibre
Authors: Hongwei Zhang
Published: August 2017

In this paper, the Rubiaceae Chinese Fevervine stem as raw material was used, with pool dipping, sodium hydroxide scouring and acid dipping as degumming methods, to produce Chinese Fevervine fibre (CF fibre). The components and structure of the fibre were tested and indicated with the relative component test method, infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. The CF fibre produced possesses good spinnability: cellulose content 82.82%, specific gravity 1.323 g/cm3, length 41 mm, diameter 40.29 μm, linear density 2.93 tex, single fibre strength 55.4 cN, tenacity 18.9 cN/dtex, and break elongation 2.87%. The results show that CF fibre is natural cellulose fibre, whose components is similar to those of flax.
Comparison of the Effects of Different Cotton Fibre Wastes on Different Yarn Types
Authors: Yilmaz Demet , Yelkovan Sinem , Tirak Yasir
Published: August 2017

In order to make a contribution to the reduction of raw material costs, in the present study the effect of reused cotton fibres on the quality of conventional ring and OE-rotor yarns was investigated. In the yarn production, it three different waste fibres were taken from a cotton yarn production line and blended with primary cotton fibres at five different levels varying from 5% to 40%. In literature, studies have concentrated on the usage of recovered waste fibre in OE-rotor yarn production. However, to date there has been limited extensive and comparative research on the effect of recovered fibre quality on different yarn properties to determine the possibility of high-quality yarn production from reused fibres. In the study, we focused on the effect of different waste types as well as the amount of waste in the blends on the properties of different yarn types.
Research on Knitted Fabric Properties of Yak Cashmere and Cotton Blend Yarns
Authors: Qin Xiaoxuan , Qin Xiaoxuan , Qin Xiaoxuan , Liang Hui’e , Liang Hui’e , Wang Guangbin , Su Xuzhong , Su Xuzhong , Liu Xinjin
Published: August 2017

As a natural fibre, yak cashmere has attracted more and more attentions in textile processing due to its excellent properties, environmentally friendly characteristics and inexpensive prices. However, the direct processing of yak cashmere, especially pure yarn spinning, is difficult since the dispersion of the fibre length is large. Therefore, in this paper, yak cashmere and cotton blend yarns were spun. Compact Sirospun yarns with three different kinds of blending ratios; 70/30, 50/50 and 30/70, were spun, and corresponding spun yarn qualities: hairiness, breaking strength and evenness were tested. It is shown that with an increasing content of cotton, for the same yarn count spun, all properties tested were improved. Then the properties of corresponding knitted fabric, including the permeability, thickness, static voltage, warmth retention, whiteness, water permeability, bursting strength, elastic recovery, tensile properties, drape, wear resistance, pilling, anti-ultraviolet resistance and bending stiffness were measured and comparatively analysed. It is shown that with an increasing content of Yak cashmere, the fabric is lighter and thinner, and the air permeability, warmth retention, wear resistance and pilling were all improved, while the strength and elongation properties as well as water permeability were worsened. Meanwhile the average weight distribution of yak cashmere and cotton in the yarn is beneficial for the fabric elastic recovery property and drape.
Review: Radiation Heat Transfer Through Fire Fighter Protective Clothing
Authors: Naeem Jawad , Mazari Adnan Ahmed , Havelka Antonin
Published: August 2017

A fire fighter garment is multilayer protective clothing with an outer shell, moisture barrier and thermal barrier, respectively. Fire fighters encounter different levels of radiant heat flux while performing their duties. This review study acknowledges the importance and performance of fire fighter protective clothing when subjected to a low level of radiation heat flux as well as the influence of air gaps and their respective position on the thermal insulation behaviour of multilayer protective clothing. Thermal insulation plays a vital role in the thermal comfort and protective performance of fire fighter protective clothing (FFPC). The main emphasis of this study was to analyse the performance of FFPC under different levels of radiant heat flux and how the exposure time of fire fighters can be enhanced before acquiring burn injuries. The preliminary portion of this study deals with the modes of heat transportation within textile fabrics, the mechanism of thermal equilibrium of the human body and the thermal protective performance of firefighter protective clothing. The middle  portion is concerned with thermal insulation and prediction of the physiological load of  FFPC. The last section deals with numerical models of heat transmission through firefighter protective clothing assemblies and possible utility of aerogels and Phase Change Materials  (PCMs) for enhancing the thermal protective performance of FFPC.
Impregnation of Microencapsulated Aroma Oil on Ramie Blended Terry Textile and its Bending Rigidity
Authors: Petrulyte Salvinija Petrulyte , Plascinskiene Deimante , Petrulis Donatas
Published: August 2017

An aroma agent containing eucalyptus essential oil was used for the development of a smart terry textile. The performance of terry woven fabric with microcapsules in relation to varied amounts of binder as well as the weft density of the fabric was evaluated. By SEM analysis it was confirmed that microcapsules really covered the terry textile. The bending rigidity and coefficient of anisotropy of samples modified with microcapsules and untreated ones were assessed. Due to additive components such as microcapsules and binder, the bending rigidity of terry fabric increased by even 5.1-12.8 times in the weft direction and by 5.3-14.0 times in the warp direction compared with grey ones. The research developed an analysis and empiric mathematical model suitable for predicting of binding rigidity as well as designing new terry fabrics with required binding properties.
Chondroitin Sulfate: A Critical Review of Generic and Specific Problems in Its Characterization and Determination—An Exemplar of a Material with an Unknown or Variable Composition (UVCB)
Authors: Burns Duncan Thorburn , Walker Michael John , Mussell Christopher
Published: August 2017

This review discusses the criteria for the selection of appropriate reference samples of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and the properties and specific problems of analytical methods for CS, namely titration with cetylpyridinium chloride; various separations; and UV-Vis, NMR, MS, and IR spectroscopies. Suggestions are put forward with regard to acceptable protocols for manufactures’ and for official/referee analysts for the analysis of CS in products.
Atlas of European millipedes 2: Order Julida (Class Diplopoda)
Authors: Kime Richard Desmond , Enghoff Henrik
Published: August 2017

For each of the 593 species of the millipede order Julida known from Europe, available information on taxonomy, distribution and habitat is summarized, and the distribution in 50 × 50 km UTM squares is shown on a map.
Effect of Different Synthetic Pesticides Against Pink Bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) On Bt. and non-Bt. Cotton Crop
Authors: Imran Ali Rajput  , Tajwer Sultana Syed  , Arfan Ahmed Gilal  , Agha Mushtaque Ahmed  , Fahad Nazir Khoso  , Ghulam Hussain Abro  , Maqsood Anwar Rustamani
Published: August 2017

The field studies were conducted at the farmer’s field in 2015-2016 to determine the effect of three different insecticides (triazon, radiant and polytrin C) on Bt. and non-Bt. cotton varieties against pink bollworm. The results revealed that triazon was observed the most effective pesticide against PBW on both cotton varieties. The mortality reduction percent of 33.99 to 30.45% was recorded at triazon, 27.72 to 26.95% at radiant and 24.68 to 14.48% at polytrin C respectively, in 2015. However, in 2016 the mortality reduction percent decreased but effective trend of these selected pesticides were observed same with mortality reduction percent of 28.15 to 25.46% at triazon, 21.95 to 23.52% at radiant and 19.96 to 16.37% at polytrin C in Bt. and non-Bt. cotton varieties. In present investigation, triazon was observed the most effective pesticide than radiant and polytrin C on larvae of PBW in both Bt. and non-Bt. varieties.
Classification Techniques in Machine Learning: Applications and Issues
Authors: Aized Amin Soofi  , Arshad Awan
Published: August 2017

Classification is a data mining (machine learning) technique used to predict group membership for data instances. There are several classification techniques that can be used for classification purpose. In this paper, we present the basic classification techniques. Later we discuss some major types of classification method including Bayesian networks, decision tree induction, k-nearest neighbor classifier and Support Vector Machines (SVM) with their strengths, weaknesses, potential applications and issues with their available solution. The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of different classification techniques in machine learning. This work will be helpful for both academia and new comers in the field of machine learning to further strengthen the basis of classification methods.
CATALYTIC LIQUID-PHASE OXIDATION OF PHENOL IN WATER MEDIA USING CARBON FIBER/(IRON, IRON OXIDE) CATALYST
Authors: Artemyanov Andrey P. , Zemskova Larisa A. , Ivanov Vladimir V.
Published: August 2017

Application of composite catalyst carbon fiber modified with iron/iron oxides for heterogeneous catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of phenol is considered. Aspects of catalytic degradation of hydrogen peroxide resulting in formation of active species for CWPO in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts such as activated carbon and activated carbon with the phase of metal/metal oxides are overviewed. Phenol was degraded mostly by the attack of hydroxyl radicals formed from hydrogen peroxide in presence of iron(II) ions on the catalyst surface and in the bulk solution due to iron leaching. The efficiency of application of heterogeneous catalysts carbon fiber and composite carbon fiber/(iron, iron oxide) is determined by few factors such as pH and ratio of  phenol : hydrogen peroxide at initial concentration of phenol of 0.182∙10-3 mol/L. In all experimental runs other parameters were kept constant and samples of solution were being withdrawn at regular intervals of time for the analysis on UV-spectrometer. The removal efficiency of phenol (%) was calculated as ratio of the change in the phenol concentration at reaction time to initial concentration of phenol. It was shown that optimal ratio of phenol: hydrogen peroxide and value of pH exists, at which high efficiency of degradation of organic pollutant is achieved. A solution pH 4 and ratio of phenol:hydrogen peroxide 1:6 appeared as the most favorable reaction conditions for achieving 88 % removal efficiency of phenol. At these conditions composite carbon fiber/(iron, iron oxide) acting as a heterogeneous catalyst in the Fenton-like process, demonstrates  the high efficiency of degradation and removing organic pollutant from the water.Forcitation:Artemyanov A.P., Zemskova L.A., Ivanov V.V. Catalytic liquid-phase oxidation of phenol in water media using carbon fiber/(iron, iron oxide) catalyst. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 8. P. 88-95.
OXIDATIVE CONVERSION OF METHANE OVER ReOX/ALUMINA CATALYSTS
Authors: Ismailov Etibar H. , Osmanova Sevinj N. , Kerimova Ulviya A.
Published: August 2017

ReOx/alumina samples have been studied as catalysts for the oxidative conversion of methane. It was shown that the reaction of methane with an oxidized and then evacuated at this temperature (973 K, 1 h) samples leads to the formation of primarily C2H6, C2H4 and CO2, and then only CO and C6H6. The formation of ethane and ethylene in the initial stage of the reaction of methane with ReOx / alumina samples is the result of the reaction of oxidative condensation of methane with the formation of ethane, followed by its dehydrogenation to ethylene. The reaction proceeds with the participation of O-• ion-radical type (V-type defect) centers of the ReOx / aluminum-oxide structure (CH4 + [O-•] = CH3• + OH-, 2CH3• = C2H6). CO2 is formed by the oxidation of methane with surface oxygen forms (O22- and / and O2-•) oxide structure. Direct oxidation of methane to methanol and further splitting of the latter to CO and H2 in our case are not excluded: CH4 + ReOx/Al2O3 = CO + 2H2 + ReOx-1/Al2O3. It was shown that catalysts preliminarily oxidized at 973 K for 1 h in oxygen and then evacuated at the same temperature for 1 h are characterized by ESR spectra belonging to the paramagnetic Re6+ ion with 5d1 unpaired electron and strong Re=O bond. The ESR spectra of this ion are characterized by a hyperfine structure (A║ = 48.3 mT) due to the interaction of an unpaired electron with 185.187Re magnetic nuclei having the spin of I = 5/2 and are easily observed at room temperature for all samples. The ESR signals of these centers disappear after the interaction of samples evacuated at high temperature (973 K) with methane. It was shown that high-temperature contact of this sample with methane leads to the formation of centers that catalyze the oxidative dehydrocyclization of methane. The degree of oxidation of rhenium ions in these samples is less than 6+, and these ions are coordinatively unsaturated. To maintain the activity of the catalyst, its regeneration is required. Activation of the catalyst is achieved by short-term heat treatment in oxygen flow followed by purging with an inert gas (nitrogen, argon). Forcitation:Ismailov E.H., Osmanova S.N., Kerimova U.A. Oxidative conversion of methane over ReOx/Alumina catalysts. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 8. P. 65-69.
NICKEL-GRAPHENE CATALYST FOR MAGNESIUM HYDROGENATION AND FOR CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES SYNTHESIS
Authors: Tarasov Boris P. , Arbuzov Artem A. , Volodin Alexei A. , Mozhzhukhin Sergey A. , Klyuev Mikhail V.
Published: August 2017

The results of obtaining graphene-like nanomaterials (GLM) by reduction of graphite oxide, preparation of nickel-graphene catalysts and formation of carbon-graphene and magnesium-graphene composites are presented. The optimal preparation conditions and the functional characteristics of the obtained materials are determined. The method described in this work makes possible to obtain nickel-graphene composites (Ni/GLM) containing 5–25 wt.% of Ni nanoparticles of size 2–5 nm. Such composites are effective catalysts for the hydrogenation of magnesium. They were used to create hydrogen storage materials on magnesium base with a reversible capacity more 6.5 wt.% of hydrogen. The addition of Ni/GLM promotes an increase in the rate of Mg hydrogenation due to the high catalytic activity of nanoscale Ni in the dissociation of H2 molecules, and the coating of the fine particles of MgH2 with the GLM retains the submicron size of the Mg particles formed during dehydrogenation and ensures high thermal conductivity of the Mg/MgH2 + Ni/GLM composites. It was determined that in MgH2 + Ni/GLM composites, along with the stable α-phase of MgH2, a metastable γ-phase of MgH2 contains, which leads to a decrease in the dehydrogenation temperature by ~ 50 °C. Using Ni/GLM catalysts, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and nanofibers (CNF) on the surface of graphene-like structures were synthesized. The catalytic decomposition of C2H4 on Ni/GLM at temperatures of 500–700 °C leads to the formation of CNF on the surface of the GLM, and the decomposition of CH4 at 900 °C – with the formation of CNT. The CNT and CNF formed have a diameter in the range from 5 to 20 nm, and the length increases from 5 to 300 nm with rise of synthesis duration. Such three-dimensional structures have a high specific surface area and are attractive as sorbents of gases and carriers of metal catalysts.Forcitation:Tarasov B.P., Arbuzov A.A., Volodin A.A., Mozhzhukhin S.A., Klyuev M.V. Nickel-graphene catalyst for magnesium hydrogenation and for carbon nanostructures synthesis. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 8. P. 43-46.
KINETICS OF SCANDIUM SORPTION BY IMPREGNATE CONTAINING PHOSPHINOXIDE
Authors: Aung Pyae Phyo , Veselova Olga A. , Troshkina Irina D.
Published: August 2017

The kinetics of scandium sorption with impregnate-containing extractant – phosphine oxide based on hypercrosslinked polystyrene from nitric acid solutions was studied using a method of limited solution volume. A sample of sorbent obtained by impregnation contained 0.233 g extractant/g impregnate. Under batch conditions, the influence of temperature in the range 293-313 K on the kinetics of scandium sorption by impregnate was studied. It was revealed that the saturation of impregnate by scandium is established in 20-30 min. For the processing of integral kinetic scandium sorption curves, the pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order models, as well as the Elovich equation, were used. The values of the rate constants calculated from the pseudo-second-order model, describing the kinetic data with the best correlation coefficients (R2 0.931-0.995), reach (9.51-10.4) g∙(mmol∙min)-1. The activation energy of scandium sorption, calculated by an equation similar to the Arrhenius equation, is (2.8±0.2) kJ / mol. Due to the improved kinetic characteristics compared with traditional sorbents, hypercrosslinked polystyrene impregnates containing phosphine oxide can be used to extract of scandium from solutions formed during the processing of scandium-containing raw materials.Forcitation:Pyae Phyo Aung, Veselova O.A., Troshkina I.D. Kinetics of scandium sorption by impregnate containing phosphinoxide. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 8. P. 28-30.
Preface to the Thematic Section
Authors: Kastberg Peter
Published: August 2017

No abstract.
Engaging with children's graphic ensembles of an archaeological site: A multi-modal social semiotic approach to learning
Authors: Diamantopoulou Sophia
Published: August 2017

Children’s drawings have been widely used in the ﬁeld of museum education as indicators for learning, as well as means for evaluating the teaching that takes place in a museum or a heritage site. This paper employs social semiotics and multimodality as tools for introducing a different perspective when it comes to building a descriptive and an interpretative framework for analysing children’s production, as representative of their learning. The insight into their work is based on the assumptions that learning can be multi-modally mediated through a particular pedagogy and further be made accessible to us through the material realisation of children’s production across multiple modes. The paper aims to explore the implications of this position for generating knowledge about children’s learning. The main argument discussed here is that engaging with a child’s graphic ensemble through a multimodal and social semiotic perspective can enable us, hypothetically, to recover children’s meanings about the archaeological site as well as the aspects of their overall learning experience. Viewing their graphic ensembles as constructions that are interest driven and multi-modally realized could open up more possibilities for accessing the agendas and interests that guide their learning. The paper further uses this visual material as an opportunity to argue that when engaging with children’s learning, multimodality can work not as a theory on its own means, but as the framework that conditions a theory (e.g. social semiotics and discourse) into a direction of encompassing more possibilities for reading their understanding of the world.
Global Commitment or Local Grievances? An Assessment of the Grundfos Language Policy
Authors: Tange Hanne
Published: August 2017

This empirical study discusses language workers’ involvement with and responses to the introduction of a corporate language policy at the Danish multinational Grundfos in April 2004. The core argument is that a discrepancy exists between language workers’ global commitment to language management and respondents’ local practices. The analysis explores this differentiation in relation to the themes of language value, language visibility, and the visibility of the corporate language policy, comparing the conﬂ icting views of respondents from management, communications, branding, technical marketing, production, and development units. This leads to the conclusion that the effect of the corporate language initiative is closely related to language attitudes in the different parts of the organisation, which calls for a research perspective that may accommodate local as well as global concerns.
Revival of a Dusty Old Profession
Authors: Tarp Sven
Published: August 2017

This text is the inaugural lecture presented by Professor Sven Tarp at the Aarhus School of Business on March 14, 2008. Firstly, the text provides a brief retrospect of the history of lexicography with emphasis on the experience of the big Chinese encyclopedias and the ﬁ rst big National Danish Dictionary. On this basis, it calls for the further development of an independent theory of lexicography in order to go beyond the experience of past and present lexicographic works and project the discipline into the future. It then discusses some of the problems hampering this process. With a call for innovation, it urges the lexicographers to produce the works that are really needed by users and the State to ﬁ nance the production of such tools of national, cultural, social and economic importance in the present information era. Finally, it concludes that the researchers in lexicography need the audacity to go beyond the usual boundaries and generate new ideas, even if they are initially not welcomed or even understood.
LE BONHEUR, C’EST LES AUTRES
Authors: Bouffard Léandre
Published: August 2017

Le présent essai donne un aperçu (non exhaustif) des appuis empiriques à l’idée d’une relation significative entre les relations sociales et le bonheur, On y présente également quelques émotions sociales (amour, empathie, compassion et sourire) qui facilitent la vie en société tout comme elles ont favorisé la survie de l’humanité au cours de son évolution. On y traite de l’association amitié – bonheur et de quelques autres réalités sociales (capital social, soutien social et résilience sociale). Enfin, on énumère quelques interventions favorisant le bonheur via les relations sociales.