bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immigrant Threat and Prejudice: The Moderating Role of Cognitive Control
Authors: Dierckx Kim
Published: January 2025

Decades of social psychological research has revealed a strong and positive association between immigrant threat and prejudice towards outgroups associated with immigration: When people feel threatened by immigrants (e.g., in their economic security, in their values and way of life), they are likely to respond in a prejudiced manner towards outgroups associated with immigration (e.g., Muslims, Romani people). In the light of these findings, the present study set out to explore factors that might mitigate the deleterious immigrant threat-immigrant prejudice relationship. Addressing this issue is timely and important, given the media coverage about Europe’s “migration crisis” in recent years. Building on prior work showing its prejudice?reducing effects, we focused on cognitive control (defined as the ability to regulate thoughts and actions in accordance with one’s prespecified plans and goals) as a candidate moderating variable. Specifically, we hypothesized that the immigrant threat-prejudice relationship would be curbed among those high (but not among those low) in cognitive control abilities.To investigate this research question, we collected a student sample (N = 228) and gauged their threat perceptions, their explicit and implicit prejudice towards three groups associated with immigration (i.e., immigrants, Muslims, Roma). To optimally characterize the relationship between our focal variables, we also included a range of relevant covariates, and we employed generalized additive models (GAMs) to find the best-fitting model of prejudice. Contrary to our expectations, no significant cognitive control x threat interactions emerged. Interestingly, our results also revealed some noteworthy non-linear relationships between a subset of our covariates and prejudice. Taken together, our results call for further research on this topic using more heterogenous samples, and for enhanced scholarly attention for non-linear relationships between prejudice and its covariates.
The benefits of reporting critical effect size values
Authors: Perugini Ambra , Toffalini Enrico , Gambarota Filippo , Lakens Daniel , Pastore Massimiliano , Finos Livio , Altoè Gianmarco
Published: January 2025

Critical effect size values represent the smallest detectable effect that can reach statistical significance given a specific sample size, alpha level and test statistic. It can be useful to calculate the critical effect size when designing a study, and evaluate whether such effects are plausible. Reporting critical effect size values may be useful when the sample size has not been planned a priori, or when there is uncertainty about the expected sample size that can be collected, when researchers plan to analyze the data with a statistical hypothesis test. To assist researchers in calculating critical effect size values we have developed an R package that allows researchers to report critical effect size values for group comparisons, correlations, linear regressions, and meta-analyses. Reflecting on critical effect size values could benefit researchers during the planning phase of the study by helping them to understand the limitations of their research design. Critical effect size values are also useful when evaluating studies performed by other researchers when a-priori power analyses were not performed, especially when non significant results are observed.
“Always Check Important Information!” - The Role of Disclaimers in the Perception of AI-generated Content
Authors: Lermann Henestrosa Angelica , Kimmerle Joachim
Published: January 2025

Generative AI (genAI), and large language models (LLMs) in particular, have become a prevalent source of digital content. Despite their accessibility and rise as an information source, these models, however, often struggle with factual accuracy. Therefore, we explored in three experimental studies how disclaimers affect people’s perceptions of text and authorship in scientific information generated by AI. Additionally, we investigated the impact of information presentation and authorship attributions—whether content is authored solely by AI or co-authored with humans. Across the experiments, no effects of disclaimer type on text perceptions and only minor effects on authorship perceptions were found. In Study 1, an evaluative (vs. neutral) information presentation decreased credibility perceptions, while informing about AI’s strengths vs. limitations did not. In addition, participants attributed higher machine heuristic values to AI than to human authors. Study 2 revealed interaction effects between authorship attribution and disclaimer type, providing early insights into possible balancing effects of human-AI co-authorship. No difference between providing no vs. a basic disclaimer was found in Study 3. However, both strengths and limitations disclaimers induced higher credibility ratings. This research suggests that disclaimers alone do not affect the perception of AI-generated output. Greater efforts are needed to raise awareness of the capabilities and limitations of LLMs and to advocate for ethical practices in handling AI-generated content, especially regarding factual information.
They look virtually the same: extraretinal representation of symmetry in virtual reality
Authors: Karakashevska Elena , Batterley Michael , Yao Yuxin , Makin Alexis
Published: January 2025

The brain must identify objects from different viewpoints that change the retinal image. This study will determine the conditions under which the brain spends computational resources to construct view-invariant, extraretinal representations in a 3D virtual environment. We will focus on extraretinal representation of visual symmetry. Visual symmetry activates the extrastriate visual cortex and generates an Event Related Potential (ERP) called Sustained Posterior Negativity (SPN). Amplitude is lower for symmetrical compared to asymmetrical stimuli at posterior electrodes. Given a symmetric pattern on a plane, regularity in the retinal image is degraded by perspective. Previous studies have found that the SPN is selectively reduced for perspective symmetry. However, this perspective cost might be reduced when sufficient visual cues are available to support view invariance. Our previous work was concerned with adding more cues on a 2D screen. The current study explored the use of a 3D virtual environment. We adopted a sequential approach to data collection, with a minimum sample of 48. This was sufficient to confirm our hypothesis. Participants completed 2 tasks in a counterbalanced order. In one task they discriminated stimulus regularity (symmetry or asymmetry). In the other they discriminate stimulus luminance (light or dark). We computed perspective cost as the difference between frontoparallel SPN and perspective SPN. We found no SPN perspective cost in the Regularity task. Perspective cost was significantly < 0.35 microvolts – our a priori definition of a small SPN modulation. The results from the Luminance task were less clear. SPN perspective cost was not significantly more than 0 microvolts, but not significantly less than 0.35 microvolts. We conclude that the extrastriate cortex can construct extraretinal representations of symmetry when sufficient visual depth cues are available. This certainly happens during regularity discrimination and may happen automatically during luminance discrimination.
In silico molecular docking analysis of major plant flavanols and proteins associated with glucose homeostasis
Authors: Bhuvana M , Vijayarani K , Ramesh S , Gowri A Mangala , Sesh P S L
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus remains to be a significant global metabolic disorder, affecting both human and animal populations. Plant-derived medications have gained focus for diabetes management due to their perceived safety compared to conventional drugs. Recent research has emphasized the potential of polyphenols, particularly flavonols, in modulating genes related to insulin secretion and signalings pathways, indicating their potential role in preventing type II diabetes. This study investigates the interactions of three plant flavonols—quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin—with two critical proteins involved in glucose homeostasis: PPAR-γ and GLUT-4 through in-silico docking analysis performed using Biovia Discovery Studio (version 2020). Our docking results revealed that kaempferol showed significant binding affinity for PPAR-γ, with a LibDock score of 95.462, interacting notably with residues THR269 and ASP271. Quercetin demonstrated moderate binding affinity (LibDock score of 46.657), while myricetin exhibited no interactions with PPAR-γ. For GLUT-4, myricetin had the highest docking score of 98.347, indicating strong binding affinity, with favorable interactions at residues SER412, LEU410, SER480, and LYS266. Quercetin also interacted with GLUT-4 (LibDock score: 95.317), binding to residues SER412, LYS266, and LEU410. Kaempferol with a dock score of 92.997 interacted with HIS484 and LYS266. The common interaction of amino acid residue LYS266 with all flavonols underscores its role in mediating their effects. The findings thus highlight the potential of flavonols in influencing glucose homeostasis through interactions with key proteins. Further pharmacokinetic studies and in vitro and in vivo validations are necessary to establish their efficacy and safety as anti-diabetic agents.
मेरी आमा शोककाव्यमा करुणरस
Authors: बस्नेत Basnet बाबा Baba
Published: January 2025

प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा पूर्वीय काव्यशास्त्रमा स्थापित रससिद्धान्तअन्तर्गत करुणरसको अध्ययन गरिएको छ । सोमप्रसाद गर्तौैलाद्वारा रचित मेरी आमा (२०७१) शोककाव्यमा करुणरसको अध्ययन गरिएको प्रस्तुत लेखमा रसका उपकरणहरू विभाव, अनुभाव, व्यभिचारीभाव र स्थायीभावको सापेक्षतामा काव्यको अध्ययन गरिएको छ । पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययनकार्यबाट सामग्रीसङ्कलन गरिएको प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा पाठविश्लेषणविधिको उपयोग भएको छ । आमाको असामयिक देहावसानपछि कविमा देखिएको मातृमोह, पीडा, चिन्ता र दुःखबाट सिर्जित शोकभावलाई काव्यमा प्रस्तुत गर्ने क्रममा करुणरस निष्पत्ति हुन पुगेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको यस लेखमा करुणरस निष्पत्तिका लागि आवश्यक रस उपकरण र यसको साधारणीकरणलाई समेत निष्कर्षात्मक रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।
Counter-Hegemonic Consciousness in Melawa Devi’s Selected Songs
Authors: Shrestha Tara Lal , Shrestha Bidhya
Published: January 2025

This paper explores counter-hegemonic consciousness in Melawa Devi’s selected songs. Firstly, it talks about Melawa Devi as a singer exhibiting how her four phases of life transform her from a hegemonic character to a counter-hegemonic actor. Then it explores how she negotiating with power bloc plays counter-hegemonic actions as ‘organic intellectual’ in Antonio Gramscian term, and encourages the subalterns to subtly share views against hegemonic power structure. Finally, this paper critically presents Melawa Devi’s selected songs that carry counter-hegemonic consciousness.
Assessment of Digital Integration in Learning
Authors: Khatiwada Shreeraj
Published: January 2025

This research explores the integration of digital tools, particularly mobile learning, in educational contexts in Nepal, aiming to optimize their effectiveness. Employing a questionnaire-based methodology, data was collected from students across all over Nepal using a Google Form distributed through online media. Insights were gathered from 1104 students, revealing widespread ownership and usage of mobile devices for studying. Findings indicate a preference for laptops and smartphones, with web pages and applications being the most utilized resources. Significant associations were observed between the type of mobile device, academic major, and preference for mobile learning. The study concludes that digital tools play a critical role in modern education, emphasizing the need for comprehensive policies to promote their integration. Recommendations include government initiatives to enhance access to educational devices, conduct proper trainings to learners, expand internet connectivity, address technical challenges, and distribute digital equipment to enhance mobile learning experiences for equity of access to technology all over Nepal.
पृथिवीसूक्तमा पर्यावरणीय चेतना
Authors: अधिकारी Adhikari रूपक Rupak
Published: January 2025

प्रस्तुत अध्ययनका दुई विवेच्य पक्ष रहेका छन् : पृथिवीसूक्त र पर्यावरण अथर्ववेदभित्र रहेका सयौँ महत्त्वपूर्ण सूक्तहरूमध्ये पृथिवीसूक्त पनि एक हो । अथर्ववेदको द्वादश काण्डको पहिलो सूक्तका रूपमा पृथिवीसूक्त रहेको छ । पृथिवीसूक्तलाई भूमिसूक्त र मातृभूमिसूक्त पनि भनिन्छ । वैदिक ऋचाहरू अनादितः अखण्डपरमेश्वरका निःश्वासबाट प्राप्त भएकाले ऋषिहरूलाई मन्त्रस्रष्टा नमानेर द्रष्टाका रूपमा सम्मान गर्ने वेदाध्यायनको प्राचीन परम्परा रहिआएको छ त्यसकारण यो सूक्त अथर्वा ऋषिदृष्ट मन्त्रहरूको सङ्कलन हो । यस सूक्तका देवता भूमि हुन् । भूमिलाई नै प्रधान देवता मानेर स्तुति गरिएका मन्त्रहरूका कारण यस सूक्तको प्रत्यक्षसम्बन्ध पृथ्वी र पर्यावरणसँग भएको देखिन्छ । यस सूक्तमा ६३ ओटा मन्त्रहरू सङ्कलित छन् । तिनमा त्रिष्टुप्, जगती, पङ्क्ति, विराट्, बृहती, अनुष्टुप्लगायतका छन्दहरूको प्रयोग भएको छ । वैदिकसूक्तहरूमा यो पृथिवीसूक्त पर्यावरणीय दृष्टिले महत्त्वपूर्ण रहेको छ ।
कर्मसिद्धान्तका दृष्टिमा ‘ऋतुविचार’ खण्डकाव्य
Authors: शर्मा यादवप्रसाद
Published: January 2025

ऋतुविचार खण्डकाव्यलाई पौरस्त्य दर्शनको कर्मसिद्धान्तका आधारमा विवेचना गरिएको यस अनुसन्धानात्मक लेखका निम्ति आवश्यक सामग्री पुस्तकालयीय स्रोतबाट सङ्कलन गरिएको छ र सैद्धान्तिक आधारको निर्माणमा निगमनात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । यस क्रममा क्रमशः उपनिषद्, साङ्ख्य, योग, न्यायवैशेषिक, मीमांसा, वेदान्त र बौद्ध दर्शनका कर्मसिद्धान्तसम्बन्धी स्थापनाहरूको अनुशीलन गरिएको छ । सैद्धान्तिक अनुशीलनपश्चात् ऋतुविचार खण्डकाव्यको सूक्ष्मपठन गरी कर्मसिद्धान्त अभिव्यञ्जित प्रमुख श्लोकहरू ठम्याएर तिनीहरूको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । अन्त्यमा ऋतुविचार खण्डकाव्यको मूल अलङ्कार्य विषय परिवर्तनमूलक ऋतुचव्रसम्बन्धी प्रकृतिचित्रण रहे पनि अध्यात्मसम्बन्धी विषयगत विम्बहरू प्रकृतिचित्रणका सन्दर्भमा नै आएका छन् र काव्यमा अध्यात्मसम्बन्धी विषयगत विम्बहरूले पनि प्राकृतिक परिवर्तनमूलक ऋतुचक्र  सम्बन्धी मूल विषयवस्तुभित्र नै स्थान पाएका छन् । यस खण्डकाव्यमा पौरस्त्यदर्शनको कर्मसिद्धान्तसम्बन्धी चिन्तन पनि अलङ्कार्यका रूपमा नभएर अलङ्कारका रूपमा व्यक्त भएको छ । यसरी लेखनाथको ऋतुविचार खण्डकाव्यमा सशक्त रूपमा अभिव्यञ्जित पौरस्त्यदर्शनको कर्मसम्बन्धी चिन्तनमा उनको अध्ययन, श्रवण, मनन तथा निदिध्यासनका साथै पूर्वसंस्कारको प्रभावसमेत देखिन्छ भन्ने निष्कर्ष दिइएको छ ।
Transnationalism in Joshi’s Shramatan
Authors: Kattel Achut Raj
Published: January 2025

This article analyses how Bn Joshi’s nonfiction Shramatan presents the life of people in Gulf countries. The study is essential to understand about Nepali youths’ involvement in foreign employment and changes they have in themselves after they return the homeland from host land. This article inquires what compels Nepali youths to leave the country and how they get changes in themselves after transnational migration. The major objectives of the study are to trace the causes of transnational migration of Nepali youths, show the relationship between homeland and host land and record the various transformations that result from the transnational migration in the lives of migrants. The theoretical perspective on transnationalism by Levitt, Jaworsky, Vertovec and Faist and Fauser is the basis of research in the article. The major finding is that transnational migration results in economic, political, social, cultural and psychological transformation in the life of migrants. The study concludes that lack of opportunity is the major cause of transnational migration and transnationalism transforms the migrants’ life internally and externally. Similarly, transnational migrants develop some relationship with the society of host land. Further research is essential on this nonfiction that from the point of view of diaspora.
The Potential for Religious Tourism in the Panchakoshi Area of Dailekh
Authors: Oli Lok Bahadur , Woli Lokendra
Published: January 2025

Religious tourism has been gaining increasing attention as a potential contributor to the local economy. This study explores the potential for religious tourism in the Panchakoshi area of Dailekh district, Nepal. The study exploits mixed research design, including surveys, interviews, and focus groups, to examine the current situation of religious tourism in the area, identify its potential strengths and weaknesses, and explore strategies for promoting its growth. This study is based on primary data collected in 2024 using purposive sampling methods. A total no of 57 respondents were surveyed from three local municipalities in the Panchakoshi area, and priests and monks from the pilgrimage sites. Religious tourism preserves valuable natural, architectural, religious, and cultural heritages that are unknown to outside societies. The potential of inaccessible places is closely linked to dimensional social aspects such as art, culture, and architecture. The opportunities for associated residents through a rational combination of nature, human skills, and social capital, with an accumulation of several entices the visitors so that the rational management of the tourist sites, cultural heritages, and places of interest could foster pilgrimage tourism and contribute to state development. The findings suggest the significant potential as a religious tourism destination. However, the area faces inadequate infrastructure, limited marketing and promotion, and a lack of coordination among stakeholders. This includes investments in infrastructure, improved marketing and promotion, and greater collaboration among stakeholders. Overall, the study highlights the potential of religious tourism as a tool for promoting economic development and cultural preservation in the Panchakoshi area and beyond.
‘म शून्यमा शून्य सरी’ कवितामा ध्वनि
Authors: भुसाल Bhusal राजु Raju
Published: January 2025

प्रस्तुत लेख महाकवि लक्ष्मीप्रसाद देवकोटाद्वारा रचना गरिएको म शून्यमा शून्य सरी कवितामा अभिव्यञ्जित ध्वनिको अध्ययनका केन्द्रित छ । यो कविता नेपाली भाषामा लेखिएको देवकोटाको अन्तिम कविता हो । यसमा ध्वनिको सैद्धान्तिक परिचयका साथै यसका मुख्य दुई भेद- अविवक्षित वाच्यध्वनि/लक्षणामूला र विवक्षितान्यपरवाच्यध्वनि/अभिधामूलाको समेत चर्चा गर्दै यसका आधारमा प्रस्तुत कविताको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनमा उपजाति छन्दका जम्माजम्मी चारओटा श्लोकमा आबद्ध प्रस्तुत कविताको विभिन्न उपशीर्षकहरूमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । कविले जीवनकालमा सांसारिकतामा भुलेर श्रीकृष्ण वा परमात्मा विषयक भक्ति, ज्ञान र विवेकको यथोचित साधना गर्न नसकेको तथा पूर्वीय आध्यात्मिक संस्कार र संस्कृतिको संरक्षण र संबद्र्धन गर्न नसकेको पीडा प्रस्तुत कवितामा अभिव्यक्त गरेको निष्कर्ष यस लेखमा निकालिएको छ ।
Status of Mathematics Teachers’ Espoused Beliefs about Nature and Teaching Learning Process of Mathematics
Authors: Tiwari Dharma Datta
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to investigate the espoused beliefs held by secondary-level mathematics teachers about mathematics and its teaching and learning processes. The research employed a quantitative survey design, focusing on four districts (Chitwan, Makawanpur, Gorkha, and Parsa) as representatives of Nepal. The selection of 168 mathematics teachers from these districts utilized proportional allocation of stratified random sampling. A questionnaire, employing a Likert five-point scale, was designed to collect data on teachers' espoused beliefs. The results revealed a prevalent alignment of secondary-level mathematics teachers' espoused beliefs with the fallibilist philosophy of mathematics. Additionally, the findings indicated a strong inclination towards the use of the constructivist method in teaching mathematics. This research contributes valuable insights into the prevailing beliefs among mathematics teachers at the secondary level, providing a basis for understanding their perspectives on the nature of mathematics and preferred teaching methodologies.
School Teachers’ Perspectives on the Use of Algebra Tiles to Operations on Integers
Authors: Gurung Tas Bahadur , Rijal Madan
Published: January 2025

This paper is based on the first author’s (researcher) experience as a mathematics teacher trainer based on his M.Ed. ‘Internship course.’ The second author being the course facilitator has played a facilitative role in the development of the training module and the successful conduction of Teacher Professional Development (TPD) sessions. This study aimed to explore perspectives on the use of algebra tiles (as physical manipulatives) to basic arithmetic operations on integers - addition ( ), subtraction ( ), multiplication ( ), and division ( ), based on the experiences of 22 school mathematics teachers of Kathmandu, Nepal (who participated in TPD). This study utilized a qualitative research technique, Concrete-Representational-Abstract (C-R-A) instructional sequence, and triangulation. The data generation tools were participant observations, researcher-participant interaction, participant worksheets, reflection forms, end-reflection videos, and photos. The data analysis unveiled that the participants had a positive outlook towards the use of algebra tiles (as physical manipulatives), and they viewed it as effective concerning operations on integers. As a result, the participants were motivated enough and were determined to apply it in their mathematics classroom teaching, even though it would be difficult to implement it properly due to time constraints – cost, availability, time, and management. However, the participants suggested Book Free Day - an initiative introduced (2023, April 27) by Kathmandu Metropolitan City, where students go to school without books and bags every Friday, and remedial teaching as the most appropriate occasions to implement algebra tiles properly.
تأثير مبادئ إدارة الجودة الشاملة في تحسين الميزة التنافسية الدور الوسيط لنظم تكنولوجيا المعلومات(دراسة استطلاعية على المصارف الخاصة العاملة في العراق)
Authors: م. م ندى عبد الحسن جواد
Published: January 2025

هدف البحث تسليط الضوء علي إدارة الجودة الشاملة، الميزة التنافسية، نظم تكنولوجيا المعلومات) عن طريق عدة تساؤلات تضمنت بيان تأثير إدارة الجودة الشاملة بأبعادها (التركيز على الزبائن، دعم الإدارة العليا، العمل بروح الفريق، البحث والتطوير، التدريب) في تحسين الميزة التنافسية المتمثلة بـ (الكفاءة، الجودة، الإبداع، الحصة السوقية)، بالإضافة لبيان تأثير نظم المعلومات التكنولوجية بأبعاده (المعدات والأجهزة، البرمجيات، الشبكات المعلوماتية، العنصر البشري) في تحسين الميزة التنافسية، وأخيراً معرفة تأثير تطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة في تحسين الميزة التنافسية عبر نظم المعلومات التكنولوجية في المصارف الخاصة العراقية. وبناءاً عليه تم الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في جمع وتحليل البيانات، فقد بلغ عدد الاستبيانات الموزعة (120) استبانة على عدد من العاملين في المصارف العراقية الخاصة، استرد منها (106) استبانة، تبين بأن عدد الاستبانات الصالحة للتحليل يبلغ (98) استبانة، تم تحليل الاستبانات الصالحة من خلال البرنامج الإحصائي (SPSS)، حيث اعتمد الباحث على المتوسطات الحسابية والانحرافات المعيارية لتحليل النتائج، في حين تم استخدام الانحدار الخطي البسيط، والانحدار الخطي المتعدد لبيان علاقة التأثير بين المتغيرات المدروسة، وتوصلت البحث للعديد من النتائج أهمها: بوجود علاقة طردية إيجابية قوية بين إدارة الجودة الشاملة وبين الميزة التنافسية عبر تكنولوجيا المعلومات.
PENGARUH IKLIM ORGANISASI TERHADAP PERILAKU KEWARGAAN ORGANISASI DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PEKERJA SEBAGAI MEDIATOR
Authors: Dayzibel Mariza , Sari Meyritha Trifina , Imawati Diana
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh iklim organisasi terhadap Perilaku kewargaan organisasi dengan menggunakan kualitas hidup pekerja sebagai mediator, pada Karyawan Rumah Sakit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan assosiatif tipe hubungan kausal yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan yang bersifat sebab akibat. Teknik penggambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dipilih berdasarkan karakteristik penelitian dengan subjek berjumlah 120 orang. Hasil Analisis yang dilakukan terhadap aspek dari Perilaku kewargaan organisasi, Iklim Organisasi, dan Kualitas Hidup Pekerja didapat dalam Penelitian ini, peneliti menemukan bahwa Perilaku Perilaku kewargaan organisasi dapat berpengaruh sangat besar jika Iklim Organisasi menggunakan mediator Kualitas Hidup Pekerja dengan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,460 (P<0,05) sehingga hal tersebut dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan Sumber Daya Manusia Saat ini.
PENGARUH STORYTELLING TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN ANAK PRA SEKOLAH
Authors: Imawati Diana
Published: January 2025

Kemandirian pada anak-anak terwujud ketika mereka menggunakan pikirannya sendiri dalam mengambil berbagai keputusan. Dari memilih pakaian, memilih perlengkapan belajar dan bermain yang ingin digunakannya, memilih teman bermain, sampai dengan hal-hal yang relatif lebih rumit  dan menyertakan konsekuensi konsekuensi tertentu yang lebih serius. Metode-metode tersebut dapat ditemukan dalam metode storytelling untuk meningkatkan kemandirian anak usia pra sekolah. Metode stotytelling sebagai metode parenting education untuk mengembangkan kemandirian pada anak usia dini. Metode tersebut diberikan kepada anak pra sekolah (subyek penelitian berjumlah 39 anak usia prasekolah) untuk mencari sumbangan pengaruh metode tersebut terhadap kemandirian anak. Disain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperiment. Dengan pendekatan one grup pre-test and post-test. Hasil analisis bivariat melalui uji perbedaan paired sampel T-test terbukti ada perbedaan tingkat  kemandirian anak usia pra Sekolah sebelum dan sesudah diberikan story telling dengan t (15. 022) = 38,0.00 < 0.05. Data  pretest  (M=1.87 sd 0.656) memiliki rata-rata lebih besar dari pada posttest (M= 0.74 ; 0.637), dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak hal ini  berarti Ha diterima, dapat disimpulkan  ada pengaruh pemberian story telling terhadap tingkat kemandirian   anak usia prasekolah di PAUD Sevilla Al Jazeera Samarinda.
Eksplorasi Psikologis: Studi Kasus Terhadap Muncikari Gigolo
Authors: Ambarwati Tri , Fakhri Nurfitriany , Nurdin Muhammad Nurhidayat
Published: January 2025

In the prostitution business, procurers are intermediaries between clients and prostitutes, both male and female. Procurers are tasked with handling conflicts and incentives in their work. The aim of this research is to understand the psychological dynamics of a respondent regarding their motivation to become a procurer and the impact of this profession on them. This research is a qualitative research study with a case study approach. The main respondent in the study was one woman accompanied by one other person as a significant other. In this research, data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The results of data analysis show that the respondent's decision to become a procurer was influenced by a toxic relationship environment, traumatic events, financial difficulties, and family separation. The respondent experienced several negative impacts on their psychological condition, even though they felt safe about their financial condition. These negative impacts were losing concern for others, hurting themselves, feeling guilty about what they did, and giving in to pressure. The psychological insights gained from this study have significant implications for mental health practitioners working with individuals involved in prostitution, while contributing to the broader academic discourse on psychological adaptation in such complex social environments.
Perilaku Menyalahkan Diri dan Persepsi Budaya Patriarki Pada Perempuan Korban Pelecehan Seksual
Authors: Surya Amadea Pavita
Published: January 2025

Banyaknya kasus kekerasan seksual serta munculnya perilaku menyalahkan diri pada korbanya membuat perlu adanya penelitian terkait faktor yang mungkin berkorelasi dengan perilaku tersebut. Penelitian bertujuan agar tidak memburuk dampak negatif yang muncul pada korban. Hipotesis yang diajukan pada penelitian ini yaitu adanya hubungan positif antara persepsi terhadap budaya patriarki dan perilaku menyalahkan diri pada perempuan korban pelecehan seksual yang berada pada rentang usia dewasa awal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik sampling insidental. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam peneitian ini yaitu Rape Attribution Questionnaire (RAQ) oleh Frazier (2002) yang terlebih dahulu diterjemahkan dan skala persepsi terhadap budaya patriarki. Analisis data dilakukan menggunaka uji Spearman Rho dengan hasil r=0,013 dan signifikansi 0,899 sehingga hipotesis ditolak. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara persepsi terhadap budaya patriarki dan perilaku menyalahkan diri pada korban pelecehan seksual.The large amounts of sexual harassment cases and the emergence of self-blame in its victims make it urgent to conduct research in this regard.  This research is important to do so as not to elargexacerbate the negative impact of self-blame on the victims. The research method used in this study is a quantitative research method. The sampling technique used in this research is the incidental sampling technique. The measuring instrument used in this research is the Rape Attribution Questionnaire (RAQ) by Frazier (2002) which was first translated into Indonesian and the scale of perception of patriarchal culture. Data analysis was carried out using the Spearman Rho test with the results of r = 0.013 and a significance of 0.899 so the hypothesis was rejected. The conclusion of this study is that there is no significant correlation between perceptions of patriarchal culture and self-blame behavior on victims of harassment.
Altruisme Pada Relawan Komunitas Ketimbang Ngemis Bali (KNB)
Authors: Kasedu Fredho Umbu Wara , Simarmata Nicholas
Published: January 2025

Abstrak: Relawan merupakan orang yang sukarela mau menolong orang lain dan terdaftar dalam suatu organisasi. Salah satu organisasi relawan yang ada yaitu komunitas “Ketimbang Ngemis Bali” (KNB). KNB bertujuan membantu “sosok mulia” yaitu lansia yang memilih untuk tetap masih bekerja dan tidak mengemis. Relawan KNB tidak mendapatkan keuntungan secara materi dari kegiatan yang dilakukannya dan mau mengorbankan apa yang dimilikinya. Ini menunjukan perilaku menolong yang didasari oleh altruisme yaitu pemberian pertolongan dengan motif sukarela, tidak mengharapkan balasan meskipun tidak memberikan manfaat secara langsung untuk diri sendiri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik altruisme dan gambaran altruisme pada relawan KNB. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Responden penelitian ini berjumlah empat orang berdasarkan metode pengambilan sampel non acak bertujuan dengan kriteria sudah menjadi relawan minimal satu tahun di komunitas KNB. Metode pengambilan datanya menggunakan wawancara. Metode analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis interaktif menurut Miles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa karakteristik altruisme relawan komunitas KNB terdiri dari empati, niat yang tulus, tanggung jawab, dan percaya karma. Sedangkan gambaran altruisme relawan komunitas KNB diawali dari karakteristik altruisme yang mendasari keinginan menjadi relawan untuk menolong. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjawab dinamika yang terjadi dalam diri relawan untuk lebih mengenal diri sendiri sehingga mampu memperkuat alasan untuk tetap menjadi relawan dan menolong secara altruis di tengah situasi sosial yang semakin individualis karena tekanan lingkungan global.
Characteristics of economically valuable traits of synthetic hexaploid of spring common wheat lines CIMMYT in the Central region of the Non-Blackearth part of Russia
Authors: Nadzhodov B. B. , Rubets V. S. , Bazhenova S. S. , Pylnev V. V.
Published: January 2025

The current paper has presented the study results of 14 synthetic spring wheat lines developed at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). The study was conducted at the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. Field trials were carried out at the field experimental station in 2022–2023. Agricultural technology was typical for the zone. The plot area was 1 m2 with a threefold sequence. Weather data were obtained from the V. A. Mikhelson Meteorological Observatory. There has been found that the spring wheat lines 70, 220 and 221 are early maturing under the conditions of the Central Region of Non-Black Earth Area. The rest lines are middle maturing, with 7–10 days later with the standard variety. The lines 70, 178, 215 and 220 are resistant to powdery mildew and brown rust. The lines 147, 217 and 223 are the most stable in productivity. A positive correlation was identified between yield and the number of grains per ear (r = 0.56), as well as between yield and grain weight per ear (r = 0.83*). Additionally, a moderate positive correlation was observed between the length of the growing season and the weight of 1000 grains (r = 0.57*).
The effect of deep subsoil tillage on productivity and grain quality of spring wheat variety ‘Iren’ in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region
Authors: Loginov Yu. P. , Kazak A. A.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the current work was to study the effect of deep subsoil tillage on productivity and grain quality of spring wheat variety ‘Iren’ in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region. The study was conducted on the experimental plot of the Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University in 2020–2022. There has been established that with annual moldboard plowing of leached heavy loamy blackearth, there is a dense subsurface soil layer with a density of 1.6–2.1 g/cm2 , which restrains the flow of water into the deep soil layers and limits the development of the root system. The deep (35–40 cm) subsoil tillage PCHN-2.1 allows reducing the soil density to 1.2 g/cm2 , increasing the moisture reserve in the arable layer from 19 to 24 mm, in the meter layer from 147 to 173 mm. The wheat plants have grown, developed well and formed a leaf area of 42.4 thousand m2 /ha, which is 7.7 thousand m2 /ha higher compared to moldboard plowing. 4.41 million plants remained for harvesting with deep subsoil tillage, 4.06 million plants/ha with moldboard plowing, the productive acidity was 1.1; 1.3, respectively, the number of grains per ear was 14 and 18 pcs. in favor of deep subsoil tillage. The productivity was 4.61 t/ha, which was 0.69 t/ha higher compared to moldboard plowing. There were no significant differences in grain quality; in both tillage options the grain met the requirements for valuable wheat. Profitability was 40.3 %, which was 15.5 % higher than with moldboard plowing.
Nutrient status, water consumption and productivity of grain sorghum in the southern part of the Rostov region depending on sowing dates and seeding rates
Authors: Vasilchenko S. A. , Metlina G. V. , Kopman I. K. , Kovtunov V. V.
Published: January 2025

Sorghum is a drought-resistant, heat-loving crop, the grain of which is highly nutritious and widely used in animal husbandry. In the Russian Federation, the Rostov Region ranks first in terms of sowing areas for this crop. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of seeding rates and sowing dates of grain sorghum on productivity, water consumption and nutrient status in the southern part of the Rostov Region. The study was conducted at the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2022–2023. As a result of the study, there has been found a decrease of grain nitrogen available to sorghum plants to 4.1–4.7; 4.1-4.9 and 4.2–4.7 mg/kg of soil for the varieties ‘Zernogradskoye 88’, ‘Ataman’ and ‘Esaul’, respectively. By the complete maturity stage, the mobile phosphorus content in soil decreased to 15.3–17.0; 16.0–17.0; 14.1–15.7 mg/kg of soil, respectively, for the varieties ‘Zernogradskoe 88’, ‘Ataman’, and ‘Esaul’. At the end of grain sorghum vegetation period, the exchangeable potassium content was at the level of 271–306; 275–295; 261–290 mg/kg of soil, respectively, for the varieties ‘Zernogradskoe 88’, ‘Ataman’, and ‘Esaul’. Water consumption was at the level of 227.4–277.9 mm/ha for the variety ‘Zernogradskoye 88’, 219.6–272.1 mm/ha for the variety ‘Ataman’ and 222.8–271.5 mm/ha for the variety ‘Esaul’. At the same time, moisture consumption for the formation of grain productivity was 48.42–70.41; 42.92–69.85; 47.15–83.70 mm/t, respectively, for the varieties ‘Zernogradskoye 88’, ‘Ataman’, and ‘Esaul’. Over the years of study, the mean grain productivity was 4.51 t/ha for the variety ‘Zernogradskoye 88’, 4.66 t/ha for the variety ‘Ataman’, 4.11 t/ha for the variety ‘Esaul’. The largest productivity was identified in the third sowing date (4.66 t/ha on average according to a sowing date) and at a seeding rate of 0.4 million germ. pcs. per ha (4.94 t/ha on average according to a seeding rate).
SCREENING AND MANAGEMENT OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN PREGNANCY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
Authors:   Assistant professor of endocrinology and diabetes, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, AHMED QASIM BAYAR , AHMAD MOHAMMED AYAD ,   Assistant professor of General surgeon, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, NORI HASAN JINAN ,   Shekhan technical college of health, Duhok Polytechnique University, JABBAR AHMED MAZYAR ,   Endocrinologist, Kurdistan Board of Medical Specialties, Hawler, FERMAN SALIH SHERWAN ,   Assistant professor in clinical biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, R HUSSEN KAJEEN ,   Lecturer in clinical biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Duhok
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background: To study prevalent current practice of our clinicians related to the treatment of both overt and subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy in Kurdistan region, Iraq.
Materials and methods: In June 2020, we sent an electronic questionnaire on current practice relating to management of hypothyroidism in pregnancy to 213 clinicians of the three governorates of Kurdistan region, Iraq including Duhok, Sulmani, and Erbil who are managing pregnant patients with thyroid disease. Subsequently, we have analyzed responses from physician members.
Results: 194 of responders represent clinicians from three governorates of Kurdistan region, Iraq were involved in this survey. With regard to screening , 76 (39%) of all the responders screened all pregnant females for the presence of thyroid gland dysfunction, and the remaining 119 (61%), consisting majority of responders, did not carry out any systemic screening for the thyroid dysfunction in pregnant females. For women with known hypothyroidism, 36.9% of responders only would recommend TSH level less than 2.5mIU/L as a best target for diagnosing hypothyroidism in first trimester of pregnancy. Regarding monitoring of the treatment of hypothyroidism in pregnancy, a minority of responders 27.2% suggested doing TSH as monitoring tool.
Conclusion: Deficiencies in diagnosis and management of hypothyroidism during pregnancy were observed in our survey, highlighting the need for improvement of specialist education and quality of care offered to patients with thyroid disease during pregnancy in Kurdistan region, Iraq.
FAMILY MEDICINE AS SEEN BY OTHER MEDICAL SPECIALTIES
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, University of Duhok, College of Medicine, DOSKEY ADAM , HABEEB MOHAMMED ARY ,   Assistant Professor, University of Duhok, College of Medicine, RASHEED MOHAMMED RAGHIB ,   Lecturer, University of Duhok, College of Medicine.
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background: The perceptions of other medical specialists towards Family Medicine have not been investigated sufficiently in Kurdistan Region. The aim of this study is to explore their perceptions on attitudes and communication with family doctors and to see if more collaboration is needed.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the grounds of public hospitals and tertiary health centers in the city of Duhok, involving 111 specialist doctors, all of whom were clinicians and employees of Duhok Directorate General of Health from March 2022 to March 2023.
Results: Seventy three percent of the specialists stated that family doctors should be the main care provider to the patients. The thought of family doctors undermining the private practice could not be dismissed (41% Yes versus 41% No). They admitted family doctors reduce burden on them (68%). While 63% stated that family doctors are cooperative, the vast majority (99%) reported that more collaboration is needed. Only 54% supported consultations through family doctors. Also 86% of surveyed specialists encouraged regular meetings with family doctors. One-third of specialists viewed the quality of Family Medicine in the local area as being good, and 46% expressed confidence in the competency of family doctors. Finally, most specialists (82%) viewed communication between family doctors and specialists as being weak.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates that other specialists had positive attitudes toward Family Medicine and its future. However, they had less confidence in local Family Medicine practices, communication and collaboration. Additionally, this study stresses the need for better communication and further collaboration between family doctors and specialists.
CIRCULATING IRISIN LEVEL IN DIAGNOSED PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors:   Corresponding author, Lecturer in Clinical Biochemistrym, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology,, RASHEED SULEIMAN ROJEEN
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background: Metabolic syndrome is characterized by reversible diagnostic components such as reduced serum HDL-cholesterol, raised serum triglycerides, increase serum glucose concentration, increase blood pressure, all of which are related to large waist circumference. Irisin is an adipokine hormone that is mostly secreted by white subcutaneous adipose tissue and has a critical regulatory function in lipid metabolism. The present study aimed to evaluate serum irisin level among metabolic syndrome.
Materials and methods: A case control study was conducted among138 individuals, 69 patients with metabolic syndrome and 69 healthy individuals as a control group. The study was conducted from June 2022 to June 2023After a night of fasting, blood samples were taken the next morning. Glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood HbA1c% were all determined using the Cobas 6000 (Hitachi, Roche) device, with the exception of serum irisin, which was determined using an ELISA.
Results: The MS participants have higher percentage of high irisin levels compared to control participants with statistically significant differences (37 (53.6%); 24 (34.8%); p=0.039). Furthermore; there were insignificant differences between the mean ±SD levels of serum irisin of the studied groups (p=0.220).
Conclusion: Mean serum irisin level was higher among MS patients compared to healthy individuals, as well as, serum irisin levels had a positive correlation with isolated component of MS such as waist circumference, dyslipidemia and impaired glucos e metabolism.
RISK FACTORS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY INJURY AMONG DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS IN DUHOK GOVERNORATE, KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ
Authors:   Internal Medicine Specialist, Azadi Teaching Hospital, Duhok Governorate, SAEED SAADI FARSAT , BAYAR KHALEEL BLAND ,   Diabetologist, Azadi Teaching Hospital, Duhok Governorate., SIDIQ MOHAMMED ZANA ,   Professor and Nephrologist, College of Medicine, Duhok University., A. YASSIN NAJIM ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, Duhok University.
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background: The number of patients with chronic kidney disease and those requiring dialysis is increasing markedly and can be considered as a major public health challenges. The current study aims to report on the risk factors of chronic kidney injury among diabetic and non-diabetic hemodialysis patients in Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in facilities that provide dialysis treatment in Duhok province, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. A total of 171 registered cases who diagnosed as a chronic renal failure requiring maintenance hemodialysis treatment were included.
Results: The most common age group having chronic kidney injury was 55-69 years old. The results showed that most common factors were DM and hypertension. High creatinine level group were those aged 40-69 years and patients without DM show higher frequency of high S. Creatinine level. S. Creatinine was higher among non-controlled diabetic patients.
Conclusions: Proper evaluation and screening of risk factors, and appropriate intervention and treatment of underlying causes, and regular follow up is needed to reduce the overall cost and economic burden and to minimize the consequences and improve the prognosis of patients with chronic kidney injury especially those with diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ІНСТИТУЦІЙНОЇ СПРОМОЖНОСТІ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОНСУЛЬТАТИВНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СІЛЬСЬКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА У КОНТЕКСТІ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНИХ ПЕРСПЕКТИВ АГАРНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ
Authors: Делія Оксана , Делія Микола
Published: January 2025

У публікації досліджена проблема інституційної спроможності інформаційно-консультативного забезпечення у контексті євроінтеграційних перспектив державної аграрної політики. Зазначено, що дефініція інституційної спроможності є багатовимірною, це актуалізує декомпозицію аналітичної процедури і осмислення її як функціональності. Останнє зумовлює аналіз структурних аспектів інститутів та спроможності їхніх окремих елементів вирішувати конкретні суспільні завдання, що є центральним поняттям державного управління. Подібний підхід до розуміння інституційної спроможності утворює підґрунтя для виявлення невідповідностей між публічним визнанням спроможності інституту, його дієвості та реальним станом спроможності з огляду на вирішення суспільних проблем.
Обґрунтована необхідність посилення потенціалу інституту дорадництва на підставі аналізу спектру вітчизняних дорадчих послуг, запитів споживачів консультаційних послуг низки європейських країн, основних напрямів аграрної політики в умовах євроінтеграції. Виокремлено основні напрями розвитку інституційних дорадчих структур з урахуванням перспективних напрямів співробітництва у сільському господарстві в контексті євроінтеграційних угод. Для підвищення інституційної спроможності інформаційно-консультативного забезпечення аграрної політики в контексті євроінтеграційних домінант через посилення потенціалу інституту дорадництва вбачаємо доцільним на рівні Міністерства аграрної політики та продовольства формування цілісної концепції консультативної підтримки дрібних і середніх сільськогосподарських виробників. Раціональною основою концепції мають стати: SWOT аналіз доступу дрібних і середніх сільськогосподарських виробників до відповідних, релевантних знань і послуг, які б враховували їхні потреби, тематику наукових досліджень, зв’язок з іншими стейкхолдерами, які формують інноваційну мережу в сільському господарстві та сільських територіях; комплексна методика оцінки наявних дорадчих послуг з метою планування започаткування та /або оптимізації дорадчої підтримки, визначення її ефективності та дієвості в контексті євроінтеграції, воєнного та повоєнного відновлення;  методика моделювання перспективної системи сільськогосподарського дорадництва у кожному регіоні та на національному рівні; створення загальнодоступного інтерактивного переліку усіх організаційних типів консультаційних послуг під управлінням Національної асоціації сільськогосподарських дорадчих служб України.