bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of outcomes of four different treatment modalities for diabetic vitreous haemorrhage
Authors: Taskintuna Ibrahim , Elsayed Maram E. A. Abdalla , Taskintuna Kaan , Ahmad Khabir , Khandekar Rajiv , Schatz Patrik , Kozak Igor
Published: February 2020

We compared outcomes of four different management modalities for diabetic VH. Patients with diabetic VH were identified in this retrospective study undertaken at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Eyes were grouped based on the treatment received: control (observation only), intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection(s), pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), and preoperative single IVB injection before PPV. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and status of VH were noted at baseline and the last follow up (Minimum: 6 months, maximum: 29 months). The proportion of eyes with Snellen BCVA improvement by two lines or more and VH clearance at the last follow up were compared between groups. The four groups – Control, IVB, PPV, and IVB-before-PPV had 23, 29, 17, and 20 eyes, respectively. The proportion of eyes gaining ≥2 lines was substantially higher in the IVB-before-PPV and PPV groups (90% and 77%, respectively) compared with IVB and observation groups (41% and 22%, respectively). Surgical treatment was associated with a 2.38 times higher likelihood of gaining ≥2 lines than the non-surgical one (incidence ratio: 2.38, 95% CI 1.19, 4.78 P = 0.015) after adjusting for age, hyperglycemia and BCVA at presentation. Less invasive treatment such as IVB injections did not result in the same amount of improvement in vision as did PPV. Prospective randomized studies are needed to better define the role of IVB injections in the management of diabetic VH.
Automated volumetric radiomic analysis of breast cancer vascularization improves survival prediction in primary breast cancer
Authors: Dietzel Matthias , Schulz-Wendtland Rüdiger , Ellmann Stephan , Zoubi Ramy , Wenkel Evelyn , Hammon Matthias , Clauser Paola , Uder Michael , Runnebaum Ingo B. , Baltzer Pascal A. T.
Published: February 2020

To investigate whether automated volumetric radiomic analysis of breast cancer vascularization (VAV) can improve survival prediction in primary breast cancer. 314 consecutive patients with primary invasive breast cancer received standard clinical MRI before the initiation of treatment according to international recommendations. Diagnostic work-up, treatment, and follow-up was done at one tertiary care, academic breast-center (outcome: disease specific survival/DSS vs. disease specific death/DSD). The Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) was used as the reference method with which to predict survival of breast cancer. Based on the MRI scans, VAV was accomplished by commercially available, FDA-cleared software. DSD served as endpoint. Integration of VAV into the NPI gave NPIVAV. Prediction of DSD by NPIVAV compared to standard NPI alone was investigated (Cox regression, likelihood-test, predictive accuracy: Harrell’s C, Kaplan Meier statistics and corresponding hazard ratios/HR, confidence intervals/CI). DSD occurred in 35 and DSS in 279 patients. Prognostication of the survival outcome by NPI (Harrell’s C = 75.3%) was enhanced by VAV (NPIVAV: Harrell’s C = 81.0%). Most of all, the NPIVAV identified patients with unfavourable outcome more reliably than NPI alone (hazard ratio/HR = 4.5; confidence interval/CI = 2.14-9.58; P = 0.0001). Automated volumetric radiomic analysis of breast cancer vascularization improved survival prediction in primary breast cancer. Most of all, it optimized the identification of patients at higher risk of an unfavorable outcome. Future studies should integrate MRI as a “gate keeper” in the management of breast cancer patients. Such a “gate keeper” could assist in selecting patients benefitting from more advanced diagnostic procedures (genetic profiling etc.) in order to decide whether are a more aggressive therapy (chemotherapy) is warranted.
Peripartum issues in the inflammatory arthritis patient: A survey of the RAPPORT registry
Authors: Dissanayake T. D. , Maksymowych W. P. , Keeling S. O.
Published: February 2020

Childbearing women with rheumatoid (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have significant peripartum issues. A retrospective anonymous RedCAP survey of peripartum period in females with RA/PsA in the RAPPORT registry was performed. Completed analyses included descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. 162 patients (133 RA/29 PsA) completed the survey (103 women having 234 pregnancies), 164 pregnancies occurring before and 70 pregnancies occurring after diagnosis. Pregnancy outcomes from 103 patients included: 96% live births, 1.9% stillbirths, 23% miscarriages, and 15% therapeutic abortions. A third of patients had fewer children than desired due to disease activity, medications and other reasons. For 63 pregnancies after diagnosis: (1) 49% of pregnancies received pre-conception counseling; (2) 65% described good disease control during pregnancy but 74% flared in the first 3 months postpartum; (3) 79% of pregnancies discontinued IA medications; (4) 35% of pregnancies occurred on biologic therapy at or prior to conception. Gestational age at time of delivery was 37–40 weeks in 58% (33/57) post-arthritis vs 66% (83/126) pre-arthritis pregnancies. No statistically significant differences occurred between pregnancies before or after RA/PsA diagnosis for: pregnancy planning, fertility treatment, pregnancy and labour/delivery complications, birth defect frequency or neonatal complications. Neonatal ICU admissions were significantly lower in pre- compared to post-arthritis pregnancies (3.2% vs 14.5%). No pregnancy complications were noted in 24/54 pregnancies on medications compared to 6/9 pregnancies not on medications. The impact of RA/PsA before, during and after pregnancy varied considerably in this cohort emphasizing the importance of informed-decision making at all stages.
Corals reveal ENSO-driven synchrony of climate impacts on both terrestrial and marine ecosystems in northern Borneo
Authors: Krawczyk Hedwig , Zinke Jens , Browne Nicola , Struck Ulrich , McIlwain Jennifer , O’Leary Michael , Garbe-Schönberg Dieter
Published: February 2020

Extreme climate events, such as the El Niños in 1997/1998 and 2015/16, have led to considerable forest loss in the Southeast Asian region following unprecedented drought and wildfires. In Borneo, the effects of extreme climate events have been exacerbated by rapid urbanization, accelerated deforestation and soil erosion since the 1980s. However, studies quantifying the impact of interannual and long-term (>3 decades) climatic and anthropogenic change affecting Borneo’s coastal and coral reef environments are lacking. Here, we used coral cores collected in Miri-Sibuti Coral Reefs National Park, Sarawak (Malaysia) to reconstruct the spatio-temporal dynamics of sea surface temperature and oxygen isotopic composition of seawater from 1982 to 2016, based on paired oxygen isotope and Sr/Ca measurements. The results revealed rising sea surface temperatures of 0.26 ± 0.04 °C per decade since 1982. Reconstructed δ18Osw displayed positive excursion during major El Niño events of 1983, 1997/98 and 2015/16, indicating drought conditions with less river runoff, rainfall and higher ocean salinities. La Niñas were generally associated with lower δ18Osw. We observed a long-term shift from more saline conditions between 1982 and 1995 towards less saline conditions after 1995, which are in agreement with the regional freshening trend, punctuated by saline excursion during El Niños. The decadal shifts were found to be driven by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). This study provides the first long-term data on El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-driven synchrony of climate impacts on both terrestrial and marine ecosystems in northern Borneo. Our results suggest that coral records from northern Borneo are invaluable archives to detect regional ENSO and PDO impacts, and their interaction with the Asian-Australian monsoon, on the hydrological balance in the southern South China Sea beyond the past three decades.
An investigation of pre-crystalline order, ruling out Pauli crystals and introducing Pauli anti-crystals
Authors: Fremling Mikael , Slingerland J. K.
Published: February 2020

Fluid states of matter can locally exhibit characteristics of the onset of crystalline order. Traditionally this has been theoretically investigated using multipoint correlation functions. However new measurement techniques now allow multiparticle configurations of cold atomic systems to be observed directly. This has led to a search for new techniques to characterize the configurations that are likely to be observed. One of these techniques is the configuration density (CD), which has been used to argue for the formation of “Pauli crystals” by non-interacting electrons in e.g. a harmonic trap. We show here that such Pauli crystals do not exist, but that other other interesting spatial structures can occur in the form of an “anti-Crystal”, where the fermions preferentially avoid a lattice of positions surrounding any given fermion. Further, we show that configuration densities must be treated with great care as naive application can lead to the identification of crystalline structures which are artifacts of the method and of no physical significance. We analyze the failure of the CD and suggest methods that might be more suitable for characterizing multiparticle correlations which may signal the onset of crystalline order. In particular, we introduce neighbour counting statistics (NCS), which is the full counting statistics of the particle number in a neighborhood of a given particle. We test this on two dimensional systems with emerging triangular and square crystal structures.
First evidence of production of the lantibiotic nisin P
Authors: Garcia-Gutierrez Enriqueta , O’Connor Paula M. , Saalbach Gerhard , Walsh Calum J. , Hegarty James W. , Guinane Caitriona M. , Mayer Melinda J. , Narbad Arjan , Cotter Paul D.
Published: February 2020

Nisin P is a natural nisin variant, the genetic determinants for which were previously identified in the genomes of twoStreptococcusspecies, albeit with no confirmed evidence of production. Here we describeStreptococcus agalactiaeDPC7040, a human faecal isolate, which exhibits antimicrobial activity against a panel of gut and food isolates by virtue of producing nisin P. Nisin P was purified, and its predicted structure was confirmed by nanoLC-MS/MS, with both the fully modified peptide and a variant without rings B and E being identified. Additionally, we compared its spectrum of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) with that of nisin A and its antimicrobial effect in a faecal fermentation in comparison with nisin A and H. We found that its antimicrobial activity was less potent than nisin A and H, and we propose a link between this reduced activity and the peptide structure.
Amylin and pramlintide modulate γ-secretase level and APP processing in lipid rafts
Authors: Mousa Youssef M. , Abdallah Ihab M. , Hwang Misako , Martin Douglas R. , Kaddoumi Amal
Published: February 2020

A major characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the accumulation of misfolded amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. Several studies linked AD with type 2 diabetes due to similarities between Aβ and human amylin. This study investigates the effect of amylin and pramlintide on Aβ pathogenesis and the predisposing molecular mechanism(s) behind the observed effects in TgSwDI mouse, a cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and AD model. Our findings showed that thirty days of intraperitoneal injection with amylin or pramlintide increased Aβ burden in mice brains. Mechanistic studies revealed both peptides altered the amyloidogenic pathway and increased Aβ production by modulating amyloid precursor protein (APP) and γ-secretase levels in lipid rafts. In addition, both peptides increased levels of B4GALNT1 enzyme and GM1 ganglioside, and only pramlintide increased the level of GM2 ganglioside. Increased levels of GM1 and GM2 gangliosides play an important role in regulating amyloidogenic pathway proteins in lipid rafts. Increased brain Aβ burden by amylin and pramlintide was associated with synaptic loss, apoptosis, and microglia activation. In conclusion, our findings showed amylin or pramlintide increase Aβ levels and related pathology in TgSwDI mice brains, and suggest that increased amylin levels or the therapeutic use of pramlintide could increase the risk of AD.
Acceleration of somatic cell reprogramming into the induced pluripotent stem cell using a mycosporine-like amino acid, Porphyra 334
Authors: Yoo Junsang , Kim Junyeop , Lee Jeong Hun , Kim Hyein , Jang Sung Joo , Seo Hyo Hyun , Oh Seung Taek , Hyeon Seung Jae , Ryu Hoon , Kim Jongpil , Moh Sang Hyun
Published: February 2020

Porphyra 334 (P334), a mycosporine-like amino acid (MAA), is a secondary metabolite found in diverse marine and terrestrial organisms and has several beneficial effects on fibroblast proliferation, wound healing, and antioxidant activity. Here, we report that P334 accelerates the cell reprogramming process of mouse tail-tip fibroblasts (TTFs) and human dermal papilla (HDP) cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We found that P334 significantly improved the cell reprogramming efficiency by activating the tri-methylation of histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3), which controls mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) during the reprogramming process. Thus, we found that P334 directly regulates epigenetic changes, providing an efficient approach for natural compound-based cell reprogramming.
Distribution and genetic diversity of adeno-associated viruses in bats from coastal areas of Southeast China
Authors: Zhu Changqiang , Wang Chunhui , Wu Jiahong , Ye Fuqiang , Lv Ruichen , Hu Dan , Ai Lele , Yang Lu , Wu Ting , Li Bo , Ding Chenxi , Zhang Bin , Lv Heng , Wang Changjun , Tan Weilong
Published: February 2020

Bats are associated with several important zoonotic viruses from different families. One example includes adeno-associated viruses (AAVs), that are extensively detected in several animals, especially primates. To understand AAVs distribution and genetic diversity in the coastal areas of Southeast China, a total of 415 intestine samples were mostly collected from two provinces of southeast China, i.e., Zhejiang and Fujian province. Intestine samples from five bat species were collected for AAVs detection. The average prevalence rate for AAV detection among these samples was 18.6% (77 positives out of 415 samples) and ranged from 11.8 to 28.9% between the five bat species. This suggests that AAVs are widely distributed in diverse bat populations in southeast coastal areas of China. Based on the genome sequence of bat adeno-associated virus-CXC1(BtAAV-CXC1) from one AAV-positive sample, the genetic diversity of the detected AAVs were assessed and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that BtAAV-CXC1 was comparatively distant to other major AAVs from mammals and non-mammals, with only a 52.9~64.7% nucleotide identity. However, they were phylogenetically closer toRhinolophus sinicusbat adeno-associated virus (Rs-BtAAV1), with a 74.5% nt similarity. Partial analysis of the rep and cap overlapping open reading frame (ORF) sequences from bat AAV samples revealed 48 partial rep sequences and 23 partial cap sequences from positive samples shared 86.9 to 100% and 72.3 to 98.8% nucleotide identities among themselves, respectively. This suggests that the detected AAVs had a distinctly high genetic diversity. These findings led us to conclude that diverse AAVs may be widely distributed in bat populations from the southeast regions of China.
An Efficient Stevia rebaudiana Transformation System and In vitro Enzyme Assays Reveal Novel Insights into UGT76G1 Function
Authors: Wu Qian , La Hovary Christophe , Chen Han-Yi , Li Xu , Eng Hayde , Vallejo Veronica , Qu Rongda , Dewey Ralph E.
Published: February 2020

Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) is one of a very few plant species that produce zero calorie, sweet compounds known as steviol glycosides (SG). SGs differ in their sweetness and organoleptic properties depending on the number and positioning of sugar groups on the core steviol backbone. There is great interest of modulating the SG profiles of the Stevia plant to enhance the flavor profile for a given application in the food and beverage industries. Here, we report a highly efficient Agrobacterium-mediated stable transformation system using axillary shoots as the initial explant. Using this system, we generated over 200 transgenic Stevia plants overexpressing a specific isoform of UGT76G1. By comparing the SG profiles among independent transgenic events, we demonstrated that altering UGT76G1 expression can change the ratios of specific SG species. Furthermore, using recombinant proteins produced in E. coli, we show that two closely related UGT76G1 isoforms differ in their substrate specificities, providing new insights into mechanisms underlying the diversity of SG profiles that are observed across Stevia germplasm. Finally, we found evidence suggesting that alternative and/or aberrant splicing may serve to influence the ability of the plant to produce functional UGT76G1 transcripts, and possibly produce enzyme variants within the plant.
A white-to-opaque-like phenotypic switch in the yeast Torulaspora microellipsoides
Authors: Brimacombe Cedric A. , Sierocinski Thomas , Dahabieh Matthew S.
Published: February 2020

Torulaspora microellipsoides is an under-characterized budding yeast of the Saccharomycetaceae family that is primarily associated with viticulture. Here we report for the first time to our knowledge that T. microellipsoides undergoes a low-frequency morphological switch from small budding haploid (white) yeast to larger, higher ploidy (opaque) yeast. Comparison of transcriptomes by mRNA-seq revealed 511 differentially regulated genes, with white cells having greater expression of genes involved in stress resistance and complex carbohydrate utilization, and opaque cells up-regulating genes involved in ribosome biogenesis. Growth assays showed that white cells are physiologically more resistant to stationary-phase conditions and oxidative stress, whereas opaque cells exhibited greater cold tolerance. We propose that phenotypic switching in T. microellipsoides is an ecological adaptation, as has been suggested for similar morphological switching in distantly related species like Candida albicans, and we propose that this switching is a more broadly utilized biological strategy among yeasts than previously thought.
New insight into the molecular mechanism of colour differentiation among floral segments in orchids
Authors: Li Bai-Jun , Zheng Bao-Qiang , Wang Jie-Yu , Tsai Wen-Chieh , Lu Hsiang-Chia , Zou Long-Hai , Wan Xiao , Zhang Di-Yang , Qiao Hong-Juan , Liu Zhong-Jian , Wang Yan
Published: February 2020

An unbalanced pigment distribution among the sepal and petal segments results in various colour patterns of orchid flowers. Here, we explored this type of mechanism of colour pattern formation in flowers of the Cattleya hybrid ‘KOVA’. Our study showed that pigment accumulation displayed obvious spatiotemporal specificity in the flowers and was likely regulated by three R2R3-MYB transcription factors. Before flowering, RcPAP1 was specifically expressed in the epichile to activate the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, which caused substantial cyanin accumulation and resulted in a purple-red colour. After flowering, the expression of RcPAP2 resulted in a low level of cyanin accumulation in the perianths and a pale pink colour, whereas RcPCP1 was expressed only in the hypochile, where it promoted α-carotene and lutein accumulation and resulted in a yellow colour. Additionally, we propose that the spatiotemporal expression of different combinations of AP3- and AGL6-like genes might participate in KOVA flower colour pattern formation.
In situconversion of rose bengal microbubbles into nanoparticles for ultrasound imaging guided sonodynamic therapy with enhanced antitumor efficacy
Authors: Hou Rui , Liang Xiaolong , Li Xiaoda , Zhang Xu , Ma Xiaotu , Wang Fan
Published: February 2020

Sonosensitizer microbubbles enhance drug accumulation and the antitumor efficacy of sonodynamic therapy by ultrasound mediated micro to nano conversion.
Understanding the effects of the co-sensitizing ratio on the surface potential, electron injection efficiency, and Förster resonance energy transfer
Authors: Yang Jie , Peng Xing-Liang , Sun Zhu-Zhu , Feng Shuai , Ding Wei-Lu , He Hong-Yan , Li Ze-Sheng
Published: February 2020

Multiple absorbers that function in different absorption regions (near infra-red (NIR) and UV-Visible (UV-Vis)) have been widely used in solar cell applications to enhance the light-harvesting.
Electronic structure, doping effect and topological signature in realistic intermetallics Li3−xNaxM (x= 3, 2, 1, 0; M = N, P, As, Sb, Bi)
Authors: Jin Lei , Zhang Xiaoming , He Tingli , Meng Weizhen , Dai Xuefang , Liu Guodong
Published: February 2020

Li3−xNaxM compounds show rich topological signatures.
Scattering of NO(ν = 3) from Au(111): a stochastic dissipative quantum dynamical perspective
Authors: Serwatka Tobias , Füchsel Gernot , Tremblay Jean Christophe
Published: February 2020

In this work, we present a theoretical study of the scattering dynamics of NO(ν = 3) from an ideal unreconstructed Au(111) surface.
Microdroplet photofuel cells to harvest high-density energy and dye degradation
Authors: Thakur Siddharth , Das Nayan Mani , Kumar Sunny , Dasmahapatra Ashok Kumar , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar
Published: February 2020

Prototype microdroplet fuel cells propose a synergistic approach towards energy harvesting and environmental remediation, thereby advancing the development of sustainable hybrid devices.
Tuning of the redox potential and catalytic activity of a new Cu(ii) complex byo-iminobenzosemiquinone as an electron-reservoir ligand
Authors: Nasibipour Mina , Safaei Elham , Wrzeszcz Grzegorz , Wojtczak Andrzej
Published: February 2020

The synthesis and characterization of a new Cu(ii) complex, LNIS2CuII(LNIS=o-iminobenzosemiquinone), are reported.
Recent advances in dithiafulvenyl-functionalized organic conjugated materials
Authors: F. Abdollahi Maryam , Zhao Yuming
Published: February 2020

This review highlights the recent studies of advanced organic π-conjugated materials that contain 1,4-dithiafulvene (DTF) as a redox-active component.
Insight into the synergistic effect on adsorption for Cr(vi) by a polypyrrole-based composite
Authors: Sun Wanhong , Zhang Wenbo , Li Hailing , Su Qiong , Zhang Ping , Chen Lihua
Published: February 2020

Polypyrrole-based (PPy) composite are promising candidates for the treatment of water pollution.
Non-destructive broadband terahertz spectroscopy for investigating degradation of poly(2-ethylcyanoacrylic) adhesive
Authors: Ariyoshi Seiichiro , Setyawan Budi , Hashimoto Satoru , Negishi Shun , Mikami Hikaru , Hiroshiba Nobuya
Published: February 2020

We apply Fourier-transform terahertz spectroscopy to investigate the deformation of poly(2-ethylcyanoacrylic) adhesive (PECA) on a polyethylene substrate.
Insights into the role of an Fe–N active site in the oxygen reduction reaction on carbon-supported supramolecular catalysts
Authors: Gu Lin , Dong Yunyun , Zhang Yan , Wang Bo , Yuan Qing , Du Hongmei , Zhao Jinsheng
Published: February 2020

The PPYTZ–Fe/C catalyst containing Fe–N active sites exhibited high ORR catalytic activity and stability in alkaline media with a four-electron pathway progress.
Interface metallization enabled an ultra-stable Fe2O3 hierarchical anode for pseudocapacitors
Authors: Su Songyang , Shi Lu , Yao Wentao , Wang Yang , Zou Peichao , Liu Kangwei , Wang Min , Kang Feiyu , Yang Cheng
Published: February 2020

An ultra-stable Fe2O3 anode composite was developed by nickel metallizing the interfaces between the Fe2O3 nanosheets and the carbon nanofiber substrate. High capacitance retention of 85.1% after 100 000 cycles was reached under a high mass loading of 4.2 mg cm−1.
Newly synthesized 3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-propionic acid methyl ester derivatives selectively inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer cells
Authors: El Rayes Samir M. , Aboelmagd Ahmed , Gomaa Mohamed S. , Fathalla Walid , Ali Ibrahim A. I. , Pottoo Faheem H. , Khan Firdos Alam
Published: February 2020

A series of 24 compounds were synthesized based on structure modification of the model methyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropanoate as potent HDACIs.
Room temperature crystallization of amorphous polysiloxane using photodimerization
Authors: Wright Taylor , Petel Yael , Zellman Carson O. , Sauvé Ethan R. , Hudson Zachary M. , Michal Carl A. , Wolf Michael O.
Published: February 2020

Millimeter sized polymer crystallites grow rapidly when anthracene-containing siloxanes are photocrosslinked using UV light.
Fe-doping induced morphological changes, oxygen vacancies and Ce3+–Ce3+ pairs in CeO2 for promoting electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation
Authors: Chu Ke , Cheng Yong-hua , Li Qing-qing , Liu Ya-ping , Tian Ye
Published: February 2020

Fe-doping induced synergetic effects, including the morphological change of crystalline CeO2 to partial-amorphous nanosheets, enriched O-vacancies and active Ce3+–Ce3+ pairs, were all responsible for the significantly enhanced NRR activity of Fe-CeO2.
Controlling the nuclearity and topology of cobalt complexes through hydration at the ppm level
Authors: Castañeda Raúl , Rouzières Mathieu , Clérac Rodolphe , Brusso Jaclyn L.
Published: February 2020

Polynuclear cobalt complexes in which nuclearity and topology can be controlled via ppm level control over the degree of hydration (300 vs. 10 000 ppm). Structural and magnetic analysis were used to elucidate the spin state of the cobalt ions.
Star-shaped thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters with a tri-armed arylsulfonic acceptor for efficient solution processed organic light emitting diodes
Authors: Xiao Ran , Xiang Yepeng , Cao Xiaosong , Li Nengquan , Huang Taian , Zhou Changjiang , Zou Yang , Xie Guohua , Yang Chuluo
Published: February 2020

Two star-shaped TADF emitters bearing an arylsulfone-derived acceptor were developed for wet-processed OLEDs, with efficient blue/green emission and low roll-off.
Fluorescence chemosensing of meldonium using a cross-reactive sensor array
Authors: Yalcin Ergin , Erkmen Cem , Taskin-Tok Tugba , Caglayan Mehmet Gokhan
Published: February 2020

Differential sensing of meldonium was achieved using fluorescent chemosensors.
Highly efficient photocontrolled targeted delivery of siRNA by a cyclodextrin-based supramolecular nanoassembly
Authors: Li Feng-Qing , Yu Qi-Lin , Liu Yao-Hua , Yu Hua-Jiang , Chen Yong , Liu Yu
Published: February 2020

A binary supramolecular nanoassembly that can efficiently load siRNA into A549 cancer cells and inhibited cell growth by photo-irradiation was fabricated using α-CD-modified hyaluronic acid and an azobenzene-modified diphenylalanine derivative.
Allene-derived gold and platinum complexes: synthesis and first applications in catalysis
Authors: Maliszewska Hanna K. , Hughes David L. , Muñoz María Paz
Published: February 2020

Novel metal carbene complexes made from bis(pyridyl)allenes have promising catalytic activity.
A visible-light photoinduced charge-transfer complex promoted the ring opening of N-alkyl-4-piperidinols
Authors: Fu Ying , Shi Chun-Zhao , Xu Qin-Shan , Du Zhengyin , Huo Congde
Published: February 2020

(E)-Homoallylamines are efficiently prepared through visible-light photoinduced charge-transfer complex promoted ring-opening of N-alkyl-4-piperidinols.
What are the design principles, from the choice of lubricants and structures to the preparation method, for a stable slippery lubricant-infused porous surface?
Authors: Chen Xiangsheng , Wen Gang , Guo Zhiguang
Published: February 2020

In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion of how to design a stable slippery lubricant-infused porous surface. The design principles and preparation methods for enhancing the stability of the lubricant layer are illustrated.
Optical writing and single molecule reading of photoactivatable and silver nanoparticle-enhanced fluorescence
Authors: Dogantzis Nicholas P. , Hodgson Gregory K. , Impellizzeri Stefania
Published: February 2020

We present a hybrid nano-molecular system for optically activated, silver nanoparticle enhanced fluorescence in solution and in thin-polymer films, alongside single molecule level insights into the metal-enhanced fluorescence mechanism.
Molecular dynamics simulations of loading and unloading of drug molecule bortezomib on graphene nanosheets
Authors: Zeng Songwei , Ji Yu , Shen Yue , Zhu Ruiyao , Wang Xiaogang , Chen Liang , Chen Junlang
Published: February 2020

Graphene-drug complexes can enter the lipid bilayer and then drug molecules release from graphene surface.
Reduced graphene oxide promoted assembly of graphene@polyimide film as a flexible cathode for high-performance lithium-ion battery
Authors: Chang Bin , Ma Jian , Jiang Tiancai , Gao Li , Li Yuanting , Zhou Mingan , Huang Yanshan , Han Sheng
Published: February 2020

G@PI/RGO is prepared by a combination of solvothermal reaction and carbonization. With good mechanical flexibility and high conductivity, it shows excellent performance when directly used as the cathode for LIB.
Unimolecular decomposition rates of a methyl-substituted Criegee intermediate syn-CH3CHOO
Authors: Li Yu-Lin , Kuo Mei-Tsan , Lin Jim Jr-Min
Published: February 2020

This work provides temperature dependent unimolecular rates of syn-CH3CHOO at higher pressures.
Electrochemically controlled energy release from a norbornadiene-based solar thermal fuel: increasing the reversibility to 99.8% using HOPG as the electrode material
Authors: Waidhas Fabian , Jevric Martyn , Bosch Michael , Yang Tian , Franz Evanie , Liu Zhi , Bachmann Julien , Moth-Poulsen Kasper , Brummel Olaf , Libuda Jörg
Published: February 2020

Solar energy conversion using molecular photoswitches holds great potential to store energy from sunlight in the form of chemical energy in a process that can be easily implemented in a direct solar energy storage device.
Plant organellar DNA polymerases bypass thymine glycol using two conserved lysine residues
Authors: Baruch-Torres Noe , Yamamoto Junpei , Juárez-Quintero Víctor , Iwai Shigenori , Brieba Luis G.
Published: February 2020

Plant organelles cope with endogenous DNA damaging agents, byproducts of respiration and photosynthesis, and exogenous agents like ultraviolet light. Plant organellar DNA polymerases (DNAPs) are not phylogenetically related to yeast and metazoan DNAPs and they harbor three insertions not present in any other DNAPs. Plant organellar DNAPs from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPolIA and AtPolIB) are translesion synthesis (TLS) DNAPs able to bypass abasic sites, a lesion that poses a strong block to replicative polymerases. Besides abasic sites, reactive oxidative species and ionizing radiation react with thymine resulting in thymine glycol (Tg), a DNA adduct that is also a strong block to replication. Here, we report that AtPolIA and AtPolIB bypass Tg by inserting an adenine opposite the lesion and efficiently extend from a Tg-A base pair. The TLS ability of AtPolIB is mapped to two conserved lysine residues: K593 and K866. Residue K593 is situated in insertion 1 and K866 is in insertion 3. With basis on the location of both insertions on a structural model of AtPolIIB, we hypothesize that the two positively charged residues interact to form a clamp around the primer-template. In contrast with nuclear and bacterial replication, where lesion bypass involves an interplay between TLS and replicative DNA polymerases, we postulate that plant organellar DNAPs evolved to exert replicative and TLS activities.
2-phenylethynesulfonamide inhibits growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by blocking the function of heat shock protein 70
Authors: Jiang Liang , Xiao Jing
Published: February 2020

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy in the oral cavity, which accounts for >90% of all diagnosed oral cancers. 2-phenylethynesulfonamide (PES) was known as a selective heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) function inhibitor, which induced cytotoxic effects on various tumor cell types, but showed to be less toxic to normal cells. However, no associated evaluation of PES on OSCC was found. In the present study, the proliferation of OSCC cells treated with PES was analyzed using a CCK-8 assay. The effects of PES on the cell cycle and apoptosis of OSCC cells were determined by flow cytometric analyses. Expression of associated protein was determined by Western blot analysis. The results of the present study showed that PES inhibited the proliferation of OSCC cell lines in vivo and in vitro. PES induced apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle of OSCC cells. PES inhibited the expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), baculoviral IAP repeat containing 2 (c-IAP1), phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK). Additionally, knockdown of Hsp70 enhanced the effects of PES. By contrast, overexpression of Hsp70 attenuated the inhibitory effects of PES on cell viability. PES disrupted the interaction between Hsp70 and XIAP. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that PES suppresses the growth of OSCC cells through Hsp70-dependent mechanism.
3D printed waveguide step‐twist with bandpass filtering functionality
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhang Fan , Gao Yang , Xu Jun , Guo Cheng , Shang Xiaobang
Published: February 2020

A novel waveguide step‐twist integrated with a bandpass filter is presented in this Letter. The twist is composed of four equally rotated cavities to achieve polarisation rotation and filtering functionalities simultaneously. Such step‐twist can achieve a significant reduction in size and weight. The design is demonstrated at Ka‐band using waveguide technology and is fabricated using a stereolithography apparatus 3D printing together with metal plating. The device is designed to have a centre frequency of 32 GHz and a bandwidth of 1 GHz. The measured result shows good agreement with simulations, with a measured average insertion loss of 0.84 dB and a return loss better than 15 dB across the passband.
Accurate 3D localisation of mobile target using single station with AoA–TDoA measurements
Authors: Zhao Yuexin , Qi Wangdong , Liu Peng , Chen Longliang , Lin Jie
Published: February 2020

An attractive and challenging problem in source localisation is to locate a target in three‐dimensional (3D) space using a single station. To satisfy the observability requirements and achieve higher accuracy, the authors draw on the idea of the inverse synthetic aperture radar for single‐station localisation, which leverages the mobility of target and a time serial measurements of angle of arrival (AoA) and time difference of arrival (TDoA). A closed‐form pseudo‐linear estimator (PLE) is developed to estimate both 3D position and velocity of mobile target through the linearisation of AoA–TDoA measurement equations. Furthermore, to suppress the large bias of PLE caused by the correlation of measurement noise, the authors propose a superior bias‐reduced estimator (BRE), which imposes a quadratic constraint to minimise the noise correlation term. They prove that BRE is asymptotically efficient, attaining the Cramér‐Rao lower bound (CRLB) over the moderate noise region. Extensive simulations show that both bias and mean square error of BRE are well predicted by theoretical analysis. Most importantly, in comparison with both PLE and two traditional bias reduction methods, namely weighted total least squares and weighted instrumental variables, BRE can approach the CRLB over a wider noise region and maintain a lower bias.
Signal quality monitoring‐based spoofing detection method for Global Navigation Satellite System vector tracking structure
Authors: Zhang Xinran , Li Hong , Yang Chun , Lu Mingquan
Published: February 2020

The vector tracking structure is receiving growing attention due to its better tracking performance than the traditional scalar tracking structure. For the scalar tracking structure, signal quality monitoring (SQM) methods can effectively detect spoofing attacks based on the influence of correlation peaks overlap on the coherent integration results. However, the methods are invalid when the overlap is inexistent. While for the vector tracking structure, the authors find that because of the combined tracking of all received signals, the coherent integration results are affected by spoofing attacks regardless of whether the overlap exists. It implies that SQM techniques have a wider application range for the vector tracking structure. To this end, an SQM‐based spoofing detection method for the vector tracking structure is proposed in this study. Analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is useful even in the spoofing scenarios where the correlation peaks do not overlap. And it can detect spoofing attacks on both pseudo‐code and carrier Doppler by using the existing observations in the tracking process, which is highly practical for the vector tracking structure.
Method based on parallel‐wire conductivity probe for measuring water hold‐up in near‐horizontal oil–water two‐phase flow pipes
Authors: Zhou Yiyu , Jin Ningde , Zhang Hongxin , Zhai Lusheng
Published: February 2020

On the basis of a quick‐closing valve technology, parallel‐wire conductivity probes were designed to measure water hold‐up of oil–water two‐phase flow in near‐horizontal pipe. First, the electric‐field distribution characteristics of the parallel‐wire conductivity probe and its response to the change of the water layer height were calculated by using finite‐element method. Then, for the oil–water stratified distribution in the near‐horizontal pipe with a 5° inclined angle, 20 mm inner diameter, and 1050 mm length, a measurement model for water hold‐up was established. After that, a static experiment was carried out to investigate the accuracy of water‐hold‐up measurement. The results show that errors occur when the set water hold‐up is with high values. The measurement errors were analysed based on curved oil–water interface predicted by Young–Laplace equation model, which are significantly related to the curvature of oil–water interface. It provides an effective experimental method for the measurement of water hold‐up in a near‐horizontal oil–water two‐phase flow pipes. On the basis of this, the dynamic experiment of oil–water two‐phase flow was carried out, and the slippage of oil–water two‐phase flow was preliminarily revealed.
Effects of neighbouring planets on the formation of resonant dust rings in the inner Solar System
Authors: Sommer M. , Yano H. , Srama R.
Published: February 2020

Context. Findings by the Helios and STEREO mission have indicated the presence of a resonant circumsolar ring of dust associated with Venus. Attempts to model this phenomenon as an analogue to the resonant ring of Earth – as a result of migrating dust trapped in external mean-motion resonances (MMRs) – have so far been unable to reproduce the observed dust feature. Other theories of origin have recently been put forward. However, the reason for the low trapping efficiency of Venus’s external MMRs remains unclear.

Aims. Here we look into the nature of the dust trapping resonant phenomena that arise from the multi-planet configuration of the inner Solar System, aiming to add to the existent understanding of resonant dust rings in single planet systems.

Methods. We numerically modelled resonant dust features associated with the inner planets and specifically looked into the dependency of these structures and the trapping efficiency of particular resonances on the configuration of planets.

Results. Besides Mercury showing no resonant interaction with the migrating dust cloud, we find Venus, Earth, and Mars to considerably interfere with each other’s resonances, influencing their ability to form circumsolar rings. We find that the single most important reason for the weakness of Venus’s external MMR ring is the perturbing influence of its outer neighbour – Earth. In addition, we find Mercury and Mars to produce crescent-shaped density features, caused by a directed apsidal precession occurring in particles traversing their orbital region.
Shape model and spin state of non-principal axis rotator (5247) Krylov
Authors: Lee H.-J. , Ďurech J. , Kim M.-J. , Moon H.-K. , Kim C.-H. , Choi Y.-J. , Galád A. , Pray D. , Marciniak A. , Kaplan M. , Erece O. , Duffard R. , Gajdoš Š. , Világi J. , Lehký M.
Published: February 2020

Context.The study of non-principal axis (NPA) rotators can provide important clues to the evolution of the spin state of asteroids. However, very few studies to date have focused on NPA-rotating main belt asteroids (MBAs). One MBA known to be in an excited rotation state is asteroid (5247) Krylov.

Aims.By using disk-integrated photometric data, we construct a physical model of (5247) Krylov including shape and spin state.

Methods.We applied the light curve convex inversion method employing optical light curves obtained by using ground-based telescopes in three apparitions during 2006, 2016, and 2017, along with infrared light curves obtained by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer satellite in 2010.

Results.Asteroid (5247) Krylov is spinning in a short axis mode characterized by rotation and precession periods of 368.7 and 67.27 h, respectively. The angular momentum vector orientation of Krylov is found to beλL= 298° andβL= −58°. The ratio of the rotational kinetic energy to the basic spin-state energyE∕E0≃ 1.02 shows that the (5247) Krylov is about 2% excited state compared to the principal axis rotation state. The shape of (5247) Krylov can be approximated by an elongated prolate ellipsoid with a ratio of moments of inertia ofIa:Ib:Ic= 0.36 : 0.96 : 1. This is the first physical model of an NPA rotator among MBAs. The physical processes that led to the current NPA rotation cannot be unambiguously reconstructed.
Growth and development of calves depending on the method of feeding with cereal and milk
Authors: Karamaeva Anna Sergeevna , Karamaev Sergey Vladimirovich , Valitov Khaidar Zufarovich , Bakaeva Larisa Nikolaevna , Soboleva Natalya V.
Published: February 2020

The article studies the influence of the milk feeding method on the growth and development of calves. The object of research is newborn Samara black-motley calves. It was established that after drinking the first portion of colostrum, immunoglobulin appears in the blood of calves in 2 hours. Immunoglobulin enters the bloodstream in the first 12 hours of life. The highest content of immunoglobulin (23.40 mg/ml) was observed after 48 hours in case of free suckling. It exceeded that in peers fed manually by 6.7-8.9%. Depending on the feeding scheme and method, the heifers consumed 497.0-509.4 kg of milk for three months in case of manual feeding, 589.5 kg for two months in case of free suckling, and 540.3 kg in case of regulated suckling. The technology of milk feeding, the time spent with a mother, the amount of milk consumed had a significant impact on the health of calves. The degree of calf morbidity had a significant impact on the growth and development of young animals. As a result of a greater consumption of milk and large volumes of feed, heifers under regulated suckling had a larger live weight than their peers aged 18 months by 11.1% (P <0.001) (in comparison with the peers from group I), by 16.0% (P <0.001) (in comparison with the peers from group II), by 17.5% (P <0.001) (in comparison with the peers from group III), by 4.7% (P <0.05) (in comparison with the peers from group IV).
On the issue of the installation of the purification degree dependence of polluted spent mineral oil on the hydrocyclone constructive and geometrical parameters
Authors: Glushchenko Andrey , Molochnikov Denis , Khokhlov Alexei , Proshkin Evgeniy , Gayaziev Ilnar
Published: February 2020

The urgency of the issue is reasoned by the necessity to develop environmentally friendly technologies and engineering tools for cleaning emerged mineral oil from insoluble impurities in order to reuse them in the nodes and auto-tractor equipment systems. Hydrocyclone is one of the simplest and most effective means of cleaning waste oil. In order to determine the possibility of hydrocyclone usage in technological lines for purifying oils, it is necessary to establish the influence of its geometrical parameters on the purification quality of such high-viscosity liquid as emerged mineral oils. The purpose of the article is to study theoretically the cylindro-conical hydrocyclone geometrical parameters influence on the purification degree of emerged high-viscosity mineral oils from insoluble and wear debris. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the consideration of the behavior of a non-soluble particle in an oil stream under the influence of forces acting on it, which allows identifying the geometric and regime parameters of a cylindro-conical hydrocyclon. These parameters have the greatest influence on the oil purification degree. The article presents a theoretical justification for the geometrical parameters influence of a cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone on the emerged oil purification degree, a separation criterion, which allows not only determining the optimal size of a hydrocyclone, but also conducting a comparative assessment of hydrocyclones with different geometric parameters by oil purification efficiency from insolubles. Theoretical researches are aimed at determining the cylindro-conical hydrocyclone geometric parameters, depending on the pollution intensity of the emerged mineral oil and the desired degree of its purification from insolubles.
A methodological approach to the assessment of agricultural organizations’ resource potential
Authors: Bogapova Myariam
Published: February 2020

Improving the efficiency of the resource potential use is of particular importance, since it makes it possible to significantly increase the degree of resource utilization and the efficiency of agricultural production. From this point of view, the study of theoretical, methodological and practical issues of assessing the resource potential, the effectiveness of its use allow one to substantiate the priority directions of development of the agrarian sector of the economy and are extremely important. The study was conducted to identify the level of availability and the degree of efficiency in the resource potential use of agricultural organizations in the Ulyanovsk region. To assess the availability of the resource potential, a system of indicators was used: capital supply, material supply, labor supply, profit, humus content. The conducted study allowed us to identify three groups of municipalities of the Ulyanovsk region with different levels and degrees of efficiency in the resource potential use of agricultural organizations.