bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Healing profiles in patients with a chronic diabetic foot ulcer: An exploratory study with machine learning
Authors: Pereira M. Graça , Vilaça Margarida , Braga Diogo , Madureira Ana , Da Silva Jéssica , Santos Diana , Carvalho Eugénia
Published: December 2023

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are one of the most frequent and debilitating complications of diabetes. DFU wound healing is a highly complex process, resulting in significant medical, economic and social challenges. Therefore, early identification of patients with a high‐risk profile would be important to adequate treatment and more successful health outcomes. This study explores risk assessment profiles for DFU healing and healing prognosis, using machine learning predictive approaches and decision tree algorithms. Patients were evaluated at baseline (T0; N = 158) and 2 months later (T1; N = 108) on sociodemographic, clinical, biochemical and psychological variables. The performance evaluation of the models comprised F1‐score, accuracy, precision and recall. Only profiles with F1‐score >0.7 were selected for analysis. According to the two profiles generated for DFU healing, the most important predictive factors were illness representations on T1 IPQ‐B (IPQ‐B ≤ 9.5 and < 10.5) and the DFU duration (≤ 13 weeks). The two predictive models for DFU healing prognosis suggest that biochemical factors are the best predictors of a favorable healing prognosis, namely IL‐6, microRNA‐146a‐5p and PECAM‐1 at T0 and angiopoietin‐2 at T1. Illness perception at T0 (IPQ‐B ≤ 39.5) also emerged as a relevant predictor for healing prognosis. The results emphasize the importance of DFU duration, illness perception and biochemical markers as predictors of  healing in chronic DFUs. Future research is needed to confirm and test the obtained predictive models.
Cracking the glass‐perchlet code: Integrative taxonomy uncovers high species‐level diversity within the glass‐perchlet genus Ambassis (Ambassidae) in tropical Asia
Authors: Ghazali Siti Zafirah , Lavoué Sébastien , Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari Norli Fauzani , Zainal Abidin Danial Hariz , Jamaluddin Jamsari Amirul Firdaus , Tan Min Pau , Mohd Nor Siti Azizah
Published: December 2023

Glass‐perchlets of the genus Ambassis (Teleostei; Ambassidae) form an important component of the brackish and marine coastal fish communities of tropical Asia. However, their species‐level diversity is still poorly documented because of the absence of recent taxonomic revisions in this region and the limited availability of specimens for research. In addition, long‐standing taxonomic and nomenclatural issues complicate the studies of this genus. Herein, we examine the diversity of Ambassis in Peninsular Malaysia using an integrative taxonomic approach and a large set of recently collected specimens from this region. Our initial morphological observations of 260 specimens revealed the presence of eight species, identified as Ambassis dussumieri, Ambassis interrupta, Ambassis kopsii, Ambassis macracanthus, Ambassis nalua, Ambassis octava, Ambassis urotaenia and Ambassis vachellii. We then sequenced the barcode fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for 122 of our specimens, representing all eight morpho‐species. Automatic species delimitation methods recovered nine Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) because A. interrupta is made of two MOTUs. Morphological re‐examination within A. interrupta detected variation at one character, congruent with molecular delimitation. Overall, our integrative approach unveiled rich species‐level diversity within the genus Ambassis in Peninsular Malaysia, with the presence of nine species. Further comparisons between our COI dataset and the COI sequences archived in the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) from specimens of Ambassis broadly collected in tropical Asian regions, indicated regional‐scale hidden diversity and identification conflicts, triggering the need for a complete taxonomic revision of this genus.
Reactive species variation in cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet discharge under the influence of intrinsic parameters and its effect on E. coli inactivation
Authors: Das Sarthak , Mohapatra Sarita , Kar Satyananda , Bhatt Satyendra , Pundir Swati
Published: December 2023

Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (CAPJ) has piqued the interest of researchers for various antimicrobial applications such as disinfection, wound decontamination, etc. In the current context, a deeper understanding of the correlation between CAPJ's intrinsic parameters, discharge characteristics, species composition, and antimicrobial activity is required for any successful application. This research evaluated the effect of intrinsic operational parameters such as voltage, frequency, gas flow rate, and operating gas on the reactive species composition of an in-house-developed CAPJ discharge along with the antimicrobial activity. It was observed that the identified excited atoms (Ar I, He I, N2, and O I), ions (Ar+, N2+, N+, H2O+, H3O+, etc.), radical reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) (OH•), and nonradical RONS (O I, O+, OH+, NO+, O2+, O2−, NO2−, N2O2−, NO3−, N2O3−, etc.) might play a synergistic role in bacterial inactivation via oxidative and electrostatic stress. The variation in voltage, frequency, gas flow rate, and operating gas influenced the discharge chemistry, leading to variation in bacterial inactivation. The reactive species in the discharge responsible for such variation was evaluated extensively. This investigation into various operational parameters would aid in determining the most effective settings for a developed CAPJ to achieve high productivity.
High energy x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Cr Kα measurement of bulk gadolinium
Authors: Zborowski C. , Vanleenhove A. , Hoflijk I. , Vaesen I. , Artyushkova K. , Conard T.
Published: December 2023

Gadolinium was analyzed using high-resolution high energy x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES). The HAXPES spectra of gadolinium obtained using monochromatic Cr Kα radiation at 5414.8 eV include survey scan and high-resolution spectra of Gd 3s, Gd 3p, Gd 3d, Gd 4s, Gd 4p, and Gd 4d.
Microbiota-mediated effects of Parkinson’s disease medications on Parkinsonian non-motor symptoms in male transgenic mice
Authors: Radisavljevic Nina , Metcalfe-Roach Avril , Cirstea Mihai , Tabusi M. Mahebali , Bozorgmehr Tahereh , Bar-Yoseph Haggai , Finlay B. Brett
Published: December 2023

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor symptoms and a loss of dopaminergic neurons, as well as a variety of non-motor symptoms, including constipation, depression, and anxiety. Recently, evidence has also accumulated for a link between gut microbiota and PD. Most PD patients are on dopamine replacement therapy, primarily a combination of L-DOPA and carbidopa; however, the effect of these medications on the microbiota and non-motor symptoms in PD is still unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of chronic oral treatment with L-DOPA plus carbidopa (LDCD) on the gut microbiota and non-motor symptoms in males of a transgenic mouse model of PD (dbl-PAC-Tg(
SNCA
A53T
);
Snca
-/-). To further test whether the effects of these PD medications were mediated by the gut microbiota, oral antibiotic treatment (Abx; vancomycin and neomycin) was included both with and without concurrent LDCD treatment. Post-treatment, the gastrointestinal, motor, and behavioral phenotypes were profiled, and fecal, ileal, and jejunal samples were analyzed for gut microbiota composition by 16S sequencing. LDCD treatment was found to improve symptoms of constipation and depression in this model, concurrent with increases in
Turicibacter
abundance in the ileum. Abx treatment worsened the symptoms of constipation, possibly through decreased levels of short-chain fatty acids and disrupted gut barrier function. LDCD + Abx treatment showed an interaction effect on behavioral symptoms that was also associated with ileal
Turicibacter
levels. This study demonstrates that, in a mouse model, PD medications and antibiotics affect PD-related non-motor symptoms potentially
via
the gut microbiota.

IMPORTANCE

The motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are caused by a loss of dopamine-producing neurons and are commonly treated with dopamine replacement therapy (L-DOPA plus carbidopa). PD has also been associated with altered gut microbiota composition. However, the effects of these PD medications on PD-related non-motor symptoms and the gut microbiota have not been well characterized. This study uses a transgenic mouse model of PD to help resolve medication-induced microbiota alterations from those that are potentially disease relevant within a PD context, and explores how long-term treatment may interact with the gut microbiota to impact non-motor symptoms.
The role of wildfires in the recovery strategy for the endangered southern California steelhead
Authors: Capelli Mark Henri
Published: December 2023

Southern California steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) occupy wildfire-prone watersheds from the Santa Maria River in Santa Barbara County to the Tijuana River at the U.S.-Mexico border. This tectonically active landscape is characterized by a Mediterranean climate, highly erosive soils, and a fire-dependent chaparral/coastal sage scrub-dominated plant community. These features create an unstable landscape to which the southernmost steelhead populations have adapted over the past 20 m.y. Wildfires help to create and maintain essential features of the species’ freshwater habitats, including boulder-forced and step pools, which provide oversummering rearing habitat, and spawning gravels, which are essential for reproduction. Disturbance events can also periodically render steelhead spawning and rearing habitat locally inaccessible or unsuitable for the freshwater reproductive phase of their life-history.

The episodic nature of wildfires, floods, and droughts characteristic of southern California is reflected in river and stream evolution as a cyclical rather than a linear process. These disturbance events have become more frequent, intense, and extensive as a result of anthropogenic climate change and the increased extent of the urban-wildland human interface with chaparral/coastal sage scrub and forested lands, including the four U.S. national forests in southern California.

The long-term viability of southern California steelhead populations requires that they be able to persist under the foreseeable natural disturbance regime characteristic of southern California. The recovery strategy pursued by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) for the listed endangered southern California steelhead has recognized the essential role of wildfire in the species’ life-history and its role as one of the major natural disturbances that pose a risk to the listed species. Using a wildfire-frequency analysis, NMFS has adopted a recovery strategy consisting of population redundancy and spatial separation to maximize the persistence of the species in the face of wildfire and associated geomorphic processes and facilitate the species’ ability to evolve adaptations in response to changing environmental conditions.
Supplemental Material: Dissecting 20 million years of deep-water forearc sediment routing using an integrated basin-wide Bayesian chronostratigraphic framework
Authors: Coutts Daniel , et al.
Published: December 2023

Supplemental File S1: MDA Information (Sample, age, uncertainty, location, original publication). Supplemental File S2: Bayesian chronostratigraphic models for the northern and central transects.
Quantization of the Energy Spectrum of Holes in the Adiabatic Potential of the Electron
Authors: Ekimov A. I. , Onushchenko A. A. , Éfros Al. L.
Published: December 2023

The spectra of the interband absorption of microscopic CdS crystals, 15 to 30 Å in size, grown in a transparent insulating matrix, are analyzed. A structural feature caused by quantization of the energy spectrum of the hole in the adiabatic potential of its Coulomb interaction with the electron has been detected near the transitions to the lower level of the size quantization of the electron.
Influence of Spin Relaxation of “Hot” Electrons on the Effectiveness of Optical Orientation in Semiconductors
Authors: Ekimov A. I. , Safarov V. I.
Published: December 2023

A considerable number of investigations have been carried out to date on the optical orientation of electrons in semiconductors [1–6]. In most cases, the effectiveness of the orientation was determined principally by the spin relaxation of the electrons at the bottom of the conduction band. We show in the present paper that the degree of stationary orientation of the non-equilibrium electrons can be determined to a considerable degree (depending on the impurity concentration) by the spin relaxation occurring upon thermalization of the “hot” electrons produced by the light.
Optical Electron-Nuclear Resonance in Semiconductors
Authors: Ekimov A. I. , Safarov V. I.
Published: December 2023

A considerable number of investigations have by now been made on optical pumping of spin-oriented electrons in semiconductors. The optical-pumping method makes it possible to produce easily a high polarization of the electron spins in the conduction band, and to detect it optically [1–3]. The use of this method for the investigation of semiconductors turned out to be very fruitful; the spin orientation of the minority [1–3] and majority [4] carriers was determined, the lifetimes of the non-equilibrium electrons were measured [2, 3, 5], the mechanisms of spin relaxation of “cold” [2, 5] and “hot” [2, 6] electrons were investigated, spin orientation of excitons was effected [7], and electron paramagnetic resonance with non-equilibrium electrons was registered [8].
Nanofiltration Purification of Liquid Radioactive Waste
Authors: Kaptakov V. O. , Milyutin V. V.
Published: December 2023

The paper presents the results of testing the purification of real liquid radioactive waste from radionuclides, bottom residues of the Kola and Beloyarsk nuclear power plants (NPP), as well as low-level wastewater from the radiochemical building of the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS (IPCE RAS) using the method of nanofiltration (NF) using a polymer membrane manufactured by the Russian company “RM Nanotech.” It has been shown that in the case of single-stage NF purification of bottoms of the Kola NPP, the coefficient of purification from 60Co is 2.8, while no purification from 137Cs practically occurs. When cleaning the bottom residues of the Beloyarsk NPP from 60Co using a five-stage scheme, a coefficient of purification from 60Co equal to 388 was obtained. The combination of nanofiltration purification and selective sorption of cesium on the ferrocyanide sorbent Temoksid-35 makes it possible to obtain a dry salt residue that is not related to radioactive waste. When using the method of nanofiltration for the treatment of low-level wastewater of the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the degree of purification was, %: 137Сs ~ 75; 90Sr ~ 91; 241Am ~ 99.5; 152Eu ~ 91; 239Pu ~ 99.5.
Optimization of the Synthesis and Purification of 6-[18F]Fluoropiperonal, Synthon for the Preparation of Complex Molecules Used as PET Tracers
Authors: Vaulina D. D. , Orlovskaya V. V. , Fedorova O. S. , Kuznetsova O. F. , Krasikova R. N.
Published: December 2023

An optimized synthesis method for 6-[18F]fluoropiperonal (6-[18F]FP) via nucleophilic substitution of the nitro group in the precursor molecule (nitropiperonal, 6-NP) with [18F]fluoride in the presence of tetrabutylammonium tosylate has been proposed. Using this weakly basic phase transfer catalyst, the amount of initial 6-NP in the reaction was reduced from 4.0 to 0.2 mg with negligible amounts after subsequent treatment of the reaction mixture with a strong base (potassium methoxide). In turn, this made it possible to separate 6-[18F]FP and 6-NP with similar physicochemical properties by a simple and efficient solid-phase extraction technique on disposable cartridges. 6-[18F]FP was fabricated with 99% radiochemical purity and a radiochemical yield of 10%. The content of unreacted 6-NP did not exceed 1 µg/mL, which is comparable to the results of laborious semi-preparative HPLC purification.
A guide to the QCD light-cone sum rules for b-quark decays
Authors: Khodjamirian Alexander , Melić Blaženka , Wang Yu-Ming
Published: December 2023

We overview the current status and future perspectives of the QCD-based method of light-cone sum rules. The two main versions of these sum rules, using light-meson and B-meson distribution amplitudes are introduced and the most important applications of the method are discussed. We also outline open problems and future perspectives of this method.
A Hybrid Optimization-Based Artificial Neural Network Model for Wireless Power Transfer in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Jog Pranjal Amit , Kumawat R. K.
Published: December 2023

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are powered by a battery mounted in the vehicle, which powers the motor and drives the wheels. Most commercial EVs can be charged by plugging them into a charging station. Such conductive recharging has various drawbacks, including physical plugging of the cable, safety concerns, and charging time. Manually charging EVs might be dangerous due to the chance of an electric spark or disaster. Advances in Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) demonstrate the capacity to transfer significant amounts of electricity over short and medium-range distances. The ultimate purpose of this paper is to improve the efficacy of electric car wireless charging systems. Here, a hybrid optimization-based Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model is applied to improve the efficacy of the WPT model in EVs. To optimize the weights of the ANN classifier, a hybrid approach termed as Grasshopper-Assisted Elephant Herd Optimization (GA-EHO) method is proposed. The GA-EHO is derived through the hybridization of Elephant Herd Optimization (EHO) Algorithm and the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) techniques. Finally, the experimental study reveals that at 70% learning rate, the proposed ANN system achieves a minimal MSE value of 0.0528, which is lower than other current classifiers, such as SVM, LSTM, and CNN.
Experimental Study of L-shaped Silastic Stents for Microvascular Anastomosis
Authors: HARA Yoshiyuki
Published: December 2023

Background: The stent technique of microvascular anastomosis, in which a stent is placed in the vessel before creating the anastomosis, is useful for accurate anastomosis formation, but the manipulation involved in stent insertion into the vessel and withdrawal from the anastomosis still poses problems. In this study, a silastic stent containing a copper wire-bent in an L-shape was designed and its utility in microvascular anastomosis was investigated in rats.

Methods: Eighty end-to-end anastomosis procedures of the right femoral artery and vein were performed in rats. Anastomoses were conducted either by the conventional method (Method C) or using L-shaped silastic stents (Method L), with anastomosis condition assessed after one side had been sutured, at the completion of vascular anastomosis and on postoperative day 7.

Results: After one side had been sutured, suture errors were observed in three veins with Method C. At the completion of vascular anastomosis, impaired blood flow was observed in two arteries and two veins with Method C, and in one artery with Method L. On postoperative day 7, impaired blood flow was observed in one artery and one vein with Method C and in one vein with Method L.

Conclusions: The use of L-shaped silastic stents preserved the advantages of the stent technique while simplifying stent manipulation. This technique may help reduce the risk of intimal trauma.
Volar Locking Plate Fixation for Distal Radius Fractures Distal to the Watershed Line with an Intact Lunate Volar Rim
Authors: CHA Soo Min , SHIN Hyun Dae , KIM Seung Won
Published: December 2023

Background: We treated distal radius fractures (DRFs) beyond the watershed line without fracture of the lunate volar rim using a volar locking plate (VLP) and report the radiological and clinical outcomes at least 3 years after surgery.

Methods: In 41 consecutive patients between January 2012 and August 2017, the fragment was composed of the radial styloid process (distal to the watershed line) and the lunate volar rim was intact. We evaluated demographic factors, radiological features and radiological/clinical outcomes at the final follow-up.

Results: Twenty-nine patients were followed and evaluated. The mean follow-up period was 5.7 years. The mean patient age was 52.7 years and 24 patients had intracapsular intra-articular fractures. The fracture line was present in the lunate fossa in all patients. Twenty patients were classified as Soong grade 2, and five and four patients were grades 1 and 0, respectively. No radiological parameter (volar tilt, radial inclination, step-off and ulnar variance) was significantly different between the affected and contralateral normal sides. The mean visual analogue scale pain score and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score, as well as the range of movement of the wrist, were not different between the affected and contralateral normal wrists. Finally, the grip strength on the affected side was 92% of the contralateral value. Major complications, such as nonunion, malunion and tendon rupture, were absent.

Conclusions: DRFs distal to the watershed line with an intact lunate volar rim are rare and easy to miss. Careful inspection of 3D-CT images is necessary to determine these injuries, and the optimal choice for proper fixation of the fragment amongst the commercial VLPs would result in satisfactory radiological and clinical outcomes.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Isolated Distal Interphalangeal Joint Flexion Contracture of the Ring Finger due to Dupuytren Disease: A Case Report
Authors: YAMADA Hiroki , IKUMI Akira , YOSHII Yuichi , YAMAZAKI Masashi
Published: December 2023

Dupuytren disease is a common benign fibromatosis of the palmar and finger fascia caused by pathological cord formation. As both the retrovascular and lateral cords are jointly responsible for the flexion contracture of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, isolated DIP joint contracture caused by Dupuytren disease is rare. We present a 34-year-old right-hand-dominant male patient with a 6-month history of an isolated DIP joint flexion contracture in the right ring finger due to Dupuytren disease. Surgical fasciotomy of the retrovascular cord improved the contracture without adverse events. It is important to pay attention to the anatomical relationships between the pathological cord and neurovascular bundle to avoid neurovascular injury during fasciotomy in patients with Dupuytren disease, especially in isolated DIP joint contracture cases.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
The Genarrator Authoring Experience: A UX Evaluation Approach
Authors: Pope Jim
Published: December 2023

The Genarrator platform provides a user-friendly online visual interface toolset for the creation and hosting of interactive hypertext multi-media stories. Offered as a free-to-use tool, it currently hosts more than 1300 working narratives. While there is existing research on the reader experience with this kind of technology and the narratives it offers, comparatively little is known about the author experience. To further explore the findings from an online survey involving 24 interactive narrative undergraduate and postgraduate students who had used Genarrator for an assignment, we decided to conduct a small usability test study with those students who previously provided feedback on the tool. We employed observations, interviews, and analysis of their story-creation process to understand their overall experience. We conclude that our user experience approach, albeit limited, allowed us to observe usefully how authors use Genarrator and recognise conceptual differences between how we as tool creators see the tool and how our participants as authors view it as users.
Quantity Knowledge Extraction and Search
Authors: Ho Vinh Thinh
Published: December 2023

Vinh Thinh Ho is an applied scientist at Amazon Development Center, working in Alexa AI-NLU team. He completed his PhD at Max Planck Institute for Informatics, under the supervision of Prof. Gerhard Weikum. His research broadly covers the area of semantic web, with main focuses on knowledge bases, quantity search, information extraction and retrieval, rule mining and NLP.

This research conducted by Vinh Thinh Ho developed new methods for the extraction and search of quantity knowledge over web contents. Quantities are more than mere numbers. They represent measurements of various entities in the world, such as the heights of buildings, the timings of athletes, the energy efficiency of car models, or the energy production of power plants, all expressed in numbers with associated units. While modern search engines effectively support entity-centric searches and question answering, they struggle when the queries involve quantity filters, such as searching for athletes who ran 200m under 20 seconds or companies with quarterly revenue above $2 Billion. These systems fail to understand the quantities, including the condition (less than, above, etc.), the unit of interest (seconds, dollar, etc.), and the context of the quantity (200m race, quarterly revenue, etc.). QA systems based on structured knowledge bases also fail as quantities are poorly covered by state-of-the-art KBs. We developed new methods to overcome these limitations and advance the state-of-the-art on quantity knowledge extraction and search.
Roles of the Web in Commercial Energy Efficiency: IoT, Cloud Computing, and Opinion Mining
Authors: Shrestha Sarahana , Varde Aparna S.
Published: December 2023

The overconsumption of energy in recent times has motivated many studies. Some of these explore the application of web technologies and machine learning models, aiming to increase energy efficiency and reduce the carbon footprint. This paper aims to review three areas that overlap between the web and energy usage in the commercial sector: IoT (Internet of Things), cloud computing and opinion mining. The paper elaborates on problems in terms of their causes, influences, and potential solutions, as found in multiple studies across these areas; and intends to identify potential gaps with the scope for further research. In the rapidly digitizing and automated world, these three areas can offer much contribution towards reducing energy consumption and making the commercial sector more energy efficient. IoT and smart manufacturing can assist much in effective production, and more efficient technologies as per energy usage. Cloud computing, with reference to its impact on green IT (information technology), is a major area that contributes towards the mitigation of carbon footprint and the reduction of costs on energy consumption. Opinion mining is significant as per the part it plays in understanding the feelings, requirements and demands of the consumers of energy as well as the related stakeholders, so as to help create more suitable policies and hence navigate towards more energy efficient strategies. This paper offers comprehensive analyses on the literature in the concerned areas to fathom the current status and explore future possibilities of research across these areas and the related multidisciplinary avenues.
The Time-Varying Variation Characteristics of Methane during Nitrogen Injection Process: An Experimental Study on Bituminous Coals
Authors: Zhang Aoxiang , Shu Longyong , Huo Zhonggang , Song Xin
Published: December 2023

The existing research on CH4 displacement by N2 mainly focuses on the gas injection displacement mechanism and the factors affecting displacement efficiency. And most of them are theoretical analyses at the model level or multifactor analyses at the simulation test level, while there are few targeted physical simulation tests and quantitative analyses. Given the above problems, the experiment system was used to study the gas migration evolution law and time-varying characteristics of CH4 displacement by N2 in coal under different injection pressures. The experimental results show that the whole process of CH4 displacement by N2 can be divided into three stages: stage I (original equilibrium stage); stage II (dynamic balance stage); stage III (new equilibrium stage). The concentration of CH4 and N2 presents an opposite variation trend, and the variation rate of CH4 and N2 increased first and then decreased. The breakthrough time was 50 minutes, 45 minutes, 35 minutes, 25 minutes, and 20 minutes, respectively, under different injection pressures. The displacement efficiency increased with the injection pressures, while the replacement ratio decreased with the injection pressures. The maximum flow rate of CH4 was 0.085 mL/min, 0.110 mL/min, 0.130 mL/min, 0.222 mL/min, and 0.273 mL/min, respectively, under different injection pressures. The accumulated production of CH4 was 3.59 mL, 3.91 mL, 4.39 mL, 5.58 mL, and 5.94 mL, respectively, under different injection pressures. The effective injection pressure range was 1.6~2 MPa. This research can provide a reference for the theoretical research of N2-ECBM-related technology in low permeability reservoirs and the selection of injection pressure in the field technology implementation.
Knowledge and Attitude toward Antibiotic Use and Identification of Financially Feasible Options to Curb the Spread of Antibiotics in Environment
Authors: Krishna Mayank , Makwana Nilesh , Kakde Ganesh S. , Puri Sapna , Kharat Arun S.
Published: December 2023

A survey on antibiotic literacy in terms of the use and abuse of antibiotics to track and understand antibiotic consumption is crucial to optimize the use of antibiotics and minimizing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Purposive random sampling, using the snow-ball questionnaire technique, was adopted to ensure that the respondents distributed across India, coming from rural and urban settings, were adolescents as well as adults and had completed at least the higher secondary school level of education. Respondents were divided into five subcategories. The questionnaire was distributed between April 2021 and July 2021, during the second COVID-19 wave in India. The survey questionnaire included 34 questions, comprising multiple-choice and 5-point Likert scale-type questions. This study composed of 972 respondents. Most respondents considered antibiotics safe and frequently failed to discriminate between the symptoms of bacterial and viral infections, most often leading to self-prescription. About 34% of the rural participants and 50% of the urban participants considered antibiotic resistance a serious health concern. Antibiotic prescriptions by the medical or paramedical practitioner were largely empirical. At least 95% of participants acknowledged having heard about antibiotics; nearly 20% of antibiotic consumption came from nonprescription users, while 30% had not completed their antibiotic therapy for a variety of reasons. Sixty-two percent consumed antibiotics to treat cold and flu symptoms. Results from the survey suggest the presence of a crucial gap between the respondents’ perception of antibiotics and levels of information regarding antibiotic use and misuse. The present study may serve as a benchmark that strongly recommends a financially feasible policy, which includes educating society regarding the spread of AMR and its severe consequences by incorporating AMR into the curriculum at the levels of senior secondary school and higher education.
Successful Termination of Insulin Therapy in Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sakai Risa , Kikuchi Nobuyuki , Nishi Daisuke , Horiguchi Haruko
Published: December 2023

A sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy is used to treat neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM). We treated a case for which SAP therapy was successful and prevented hypoglycemia. The patient was a baby boy who was small for his gestational age. He had hyperglycemia at 4 days of age, and a diagnosis of NDM had previously been made at another hospital. A continuous intravenous insulin infusion was initiated. At 29 days of age, the patient was transferred to our hospital for further treatment. SAP therapy was initiated at 39 days, which was successful and prevented hypoglycemia. Gradually, blood glucose levels improved. The insulin infusion was stopped to determine if any potential pump issues arose prior to discharge; the patient’s blood glucose level did not increase. The decision was therefore made to discharge the patient from the hospital at 58 days of age with discontinued insulin. After discharge, genetic analysis showed hypomethylation on one of the alleles within 6q24, leading to a diagnosis of 6q24-related diabetes mellitus. Although almost all 6q24-related NDM cases are transient, no evidence exists for the appropriate timing of insulin discontinuation. Retrospective continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) analysis showed improved standard deviation (SD) values as well as improved blood glucose variability. This experience suggested SD values of CGM may be used as an index for tapering and discontinuing insulin in SAP therapy. However, future collaborative studies at other centers that focus on SD values as a guide for insulin discontinuation in SAP are required.
Exploring the Sharing and Legitimacy of Experience-Based Knowledge of Living with Acquired Brain Injury in Two Practice Communities
Authors: Hultman Lill , von Koch Lena , Schön Ulla-Karin , Åkesson Elisabet , Tistad Malin
Published: December 2023

Background. Involving people with acquired brain injury in service development has the potential to improve service and give experience-based knowledge legitimacy. The objective of this study was to explore experiences of sharing experience-based knowledge of living with acquired brain injury with others, with a particular focus on the conditions for sharing and learning, and the legitimacy of experience-based knowledge. Materials and Methods. Using a single case study design, the processes in two groups that were part of a Swedish supportive network for people with acquired brain injury were explored. One group consisted mainly of people with acquired brain injury who authored a blog and the other group consisted of healthcare staff who produced educational material with the involvement of a person with own experience of acquired brain injury. The data consisted of forty-one collective blogs, fifteen semistructured individual interviews, and ten observations from meetings. The data were analysed by utilizing the community of practice framework and the concepts of legitimate peripheral participation and epistemic injustice. Results. The findings showed that both groups developed learning processes with a focus on everyday rehabilitation as a joint enterprise. Mutual engagement developed from doing activities together and legitimacy in the groups came from engagement in these activities. In the education group, the ambition to involve people with own experience of acquired brain injury was never realized in practice. Hence, experience-based knowledge of living with acquired brain injury never got legitimacy in the group. Conclusions. We conclude that integrating experience-based knowledge from people with own experience of acquired brain injury demands careful and deliberate planning with specific consideration to existing power asymmetries between healthcare professionals and people with own experience. Mitigating epistemic injustice and gaining legitimacy for such knowledge require that people with experience of living with acquired brain injury are recognized as knowledge producers.
Alterations in Serum miR-126-3p Levels over Time: A Marker of Pituitary Insufficiency following Head Trauma
Authors: Tufan Esra , Taheri Serpil , Karaca Züleyha , Mehmetbeyoglu Ecmel , Yilmaz Sukranli Zeynep , Korkmaz Bayram Kezban , Ulutabanca Halil , Tanrıverdi Fatih , Unluhizarci Kursad , Rassoulzadegan Minoo , Kelestimur Fahrettin
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) pose a high risk of pituitary insufficiency development in patients. We have previously reported alterations in miR-126-3p levels in sera from patients with TBI-induced pituitary deficiency. Methods: To investigate why TBI-induced pituitary deficiency develops only in some patients and to reveal the relationship between miR-126-3p with hormone axes, we used mice that were epigenetically modified with miR-126-3p at the embryonic stage. These modified mice were subjected to mild TBI (mTBI) according to the Marmarou’s weight-drop model at 2 months of age. The levels of miR-126-3p were assessed at 1 and 30 days in serum after mTBI. Changes in miR-126-3p levels after mTBI of wild-type and miR-126-3p* modified mouse lines validated our human results. Additionally, hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal tissues were analyzed for transcripts and associated serum hormone levels. Results: We report that miR-126-3p directly affects hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis upregulation and ACTH secretion in the acute phase after mTBI. We also demonstrated that miR-126-3p suppresses Gnrh transcripts in the hypothalamus and pituitary, but this is not reflected in serum FSH/LH levels. The increase in ACTH levels in the acute phase may indicate that upregulation of miR-126-3p at the embryonic stage has a protective effect on the HPA axis after TBI. Notably, the most prominent transcriptional response is found in the adrenals, highlighting their role in the pathophysiology of TBI. Conclusion: Our study revealed the role of miR-126-3p in TBI and pituitary deficiency developing after TBI, and the obtained data will significantly contribute to elucidating the mechanism of pituitary deficiency development after TBI and development of new diagnostic and treatment strategies.
Penelitian Retrospektif Profil Klinikopatologi Tumor Kelenjar Liur di Instalasi Patologi Anatomi RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Periode Tahun 2017-2021
Authors: Lukman Firmansyah Muhammad , Fadli Muhammad , Retnani Diah
Published: December 2023

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Kasus tumor kelenjar liur relatif jarang terjadi. Belum banyak data yang menerangkan tentang prevalensi insiden kasus tumor kelenjar liur di Indonesia.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil klinikopatologi tumor berdasarkan insiden kasus, usia, jenis kelamin, lokasi dan subtipe histopatologi di Instalasi Patologi Anatomi Rumah Sakit Dr Saiful Anwar Malang Tahun 2017-2021.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis tahun 2017 sampai dengan tahun 2021 di Instalasi Patologi Anatomi Rumah Sakit Saiful Anwar Malang. Seluruh subjek penelitian ini adalah semua data pasien  dengan klinis tumor yang berlokasi pada kelenjar liur (parotis, submandibula, sublingual/cavum oral).

Hasil dan Pembahasan: Didapatkan 162 kasus tumor kelenjar liur dari tahun 2017-2021 yaitu neoplasma ganas  57 (35%), neoplasma jinak 60 (37%) dan  non neoplasma 45 (28%). Distribusi insiden kasus per tahun tidak sama dan tidak selalu mengalami peningkatan kasus. Didapatkan hubungan peningkatan kasus keganasan dengan bertambahnya usia. Tidak ada hubungan peningkatan kasus tumor kelenjar liur maupun keganasan dengan jenis kelamin. Lokasi terbanyak tumor kelenjar liur termasuk neoplasma ganas yaitu kelenjar parotis. Neoplasma ganas terbanyak adalah mucoepidermoid carcinoma 11 (19,2%), neoplasma jinak terbanyak yaitu pleomorphic adenoma 38 (63,3%), kasus non neoplasma terbanyak yaitu keradangan dan abses 34 (75,5%).

Kesimpulan: Tumor kelenjar liur merupakan kasus yang jarang ditemukan. Kasus keganasan meningkat pada usia dewasa dan lansia. Lokasi tersering di kelenjar parotis dengan kasus neoplasma ganas terbanyak mucoepidermoid carcinoma dan neoplasma jinak terbanyak pleomorphic adenoma.

Kata Kunci: Tumor kelenjar liur, histopatologi.
RETINOPATI DIABETIK: PATOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS, TATALAKSANA KINI DAN MASA DEPAN
Authors: Ulfayani Nabila , Haitsam Muhamad
Published: December 2023

Retinopati Diabetik (RD) merupakan penyebab utama kebutaan pada usia produktif di seluruh dunia. Kontrol hiperglikemi dan tekanan darah yang buruk merupakan faktor risiko yang esensial dalam perkembangan RD. Kondisi ini akan memicu terjadinya mekanisme biomolekular yang menyebabkan kerusakan pada pembuluh dan sel di retina dan berkembang menjadi RD. Tahap awal RD umumnya tidak bergejala, sehingga direkomendasikan untuk melakukan penapisan RD segera setelah pasien terdiagnosis DM tipe 2, dan setiap 5 tahun bagi pasien DM tipe 1. Diagnosis RD didasarkan oleh temuan lesi retina yang diklasifikasikan menjadi RD non proliferatif dan proliferatif, dan edema makula diabetik. Terapi RD dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan non-farmakologi dan farmakologi yang diterapkan berdasarkan derajat keparahan untuk meminimalisir progresivitas RD. Selain terapi konvensional, terdapat terapi potensial di masa depan, yaitu mencakup terapi farmakologi secara oral, terapi genetik, terapi sel punca, dan terapi CRISPR-Cas-Based.
Emfisema Subkutis Derajat 5 pada Pasien Rekuren Pneumotoraks Spontan Sekunder : Sebuah Laporan Kasus
Authors: Dwikarlina Intan , Wijaya Rendy , Antariksa Genta , Putra Christian
Published: December 2023

Pendahuluan: Emfisema subkutis merupakan kondisi terdapatnya udara di lapisan subkutan kulit. Emfisema subkutis terjadi melalui berbagai etiologi, salah satunya yakni akibat pecahnya alveoli yang menyebabkan infiltrasi udara diantara jaringan ikat pada kasus pasien dengan pneumotoraks spontan.

Laporan Kasus: Pria usia 53 tahun datang dengan keluhan sesak nafas yang muncul tiba-tiba setelah pasien BAB. Keluhan sesak disertai pembengkakan luas pada seluruh tubuh dimulai dari area genitalia hingga seluruh wajah pasien. Pasien memiliki riwayat pneumotoraks spontan sekunder dan memiliki riwayat menderita tuberkulosis yang kambuh pada tahun 2021.

Diskusi: Emfisema subkutis terjadi ketika udara masuk ke jaringan di bawah kulit dan jaringan lunak. Emfisema subkutis dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi lima tingkatan berdasarkan tingkat keparahannya. Pada laporan kasus ini, emfisema subkutis derajat 5 terjadi karena riwayat pneumotoraks pada paru kanan pasien. Pneumotoraks bisa bersifat traumatik atau spontan. Pneumotoraks spontan bisa dibagi menjadi primer (tanpa penyebab yang jelas) atau sekunder (terkait dengan penyakit paru). Pasien juga memiliki riwayat penyakit tuberkulosis dan sindrom obstruksi pasca tuberkulosis (SOPT). Penanganan pasien meliputi pemasangan chest tube, terapi oksigen, dan tindakan dekompresi udara subkutan.

Kesimpulan: Pada laporan kasus ini, emfisema subkutis derajat 5 dengan riwayat infeksi tuberkulosis berespon baik terhadap pemasangan chest tube tergambar dengan penurunan derajat emfisema secara bertahap. Tenaga medis diperlukan untuk melakukan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan medis secara holistik dan komprehensif terkait faktor resiko penyebab emfisema subkutis derajat 5.
Typification of Mexican Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: STEINMANN VICTOR W.
Published: December 2023

Euphorbia is one of the largest genera of flowering plants, and Mexico is one of the primary centers of diversification. Much work remains before a thorough understanding of the Mexican species is reached, and the present contribution aims to unambiguously allow the application of 14 names by clarifying their types. Some of these are distributed outside of Mexico, including Canada, the United States, Central America, South America, and the Antilles. Lectotypes of the following names are designated: E. biformis, E. boliviana, E. elastica, E. gumaroi, E. lancifolia, E. luciismithii, E. macropus, E. mendezii, E. potosina, E. subreniformis, and E. umbellulata. In the absence of original material, neotypes are selected for the following names: E. nudiflora, E. tanquahuete, and E. vermiculata. All the names are currently accepted, except for E. elastica (=E. tanquahuete) and E. biformis (=E. macropus).
A new species of Pinelema Wang & Li, 2012, a relictual telemid spider inhabiting caves in Brazil (Araneae, Telemidae)
Authors: BRESCOVIT ANTONIO DOMINGOS , GALLÃO JONAS EDUARDO , CIZAUSKAS IGOR
Published: December 2023

A new species of the genus Pinelema Wang & Li, 2012, occurring in caves of the state of Bahia in Northeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated. This species has the typical troglobitic characters, such as the absence of eyes, elongation of legs and setae, and pale, almost depigmented, somatic coloration. Data on the natural history of populations of P. elinae sp. nov. from caves in the Serra do Ramalho, State of Bahia, are presented. This work represents the first description of a relictual species of Telemidae spiders in Brazil.
Simulation and Experimental Research on Liquid Spreading in a Wire-Sawn Kerf
Authors: Lin Lin , Huang Hui
Published: December 2023

The significance of liquids in abrasive wire sawing has been demonstrated in several studies. However, the performance of its spreading behavior is limited by the current development trend, where the wafer has a larger area and the kerf is narrower. Moreover, there are very few studies on the liquid spreading behavior in wire-sawn kerfs. Therefore, a 3D CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model is presented in this paper and used to simulate the liquid spreading behavior in a kerf based on a VOF (volume of fluid) method with a CSF (continuum surface force) model, which is used to simulate multiphase flow, and an empirical correlation for characterizing the liquid dynamic contact angle using UDF (user defined functions). Subsequently, parametric simulations are performed on the kerf area, kerf width, liquid viscosity, liquid surface tension, and liquid velocity at the inlet area of the kerf, and verification experiments are conducted to determine the validity of the simulation model. From the simulation and experimental results, three typical liquid spreading regimes that exhibit different effects on wire sawing in the kerfs are found, and their limiting conditions are identified using non-dimensional analysis. Subsequently, a prediction model is proposed for the liquid spreading regime based on a set of Weber and Capillary numbers. For wire sawing, an increase in the wafer area does not change the liquid spreading regime in the kerf; however, a reduction in the kerf width significantly hinders the liquid spreading behavior. Thereby, the spreading regime can be effectively converted to facilitate wire sawing by adjusting the physical properties and supply conditions of the liquid.