bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nivel de asociatividad del sector emprendedor de la economía popular y solidaria, cantón Machala
Authors: Santana Ochoa Karen Yamileth , León-Serrano Lady Andrea
Published: March 2022

Para mejorar el funcionamiento de las organizaciones de la economía popular y solidaria del cantón Machala, se propone determinar su nivel de asociatividad y discutir sobre algunas formas de incentivo a sus integrantes. En este sentido, se logra hacer una ponderación estimada de cada una de las características de ese sector informal empresario. Para esto, se plantean una serie de indicadores que permiten clasificar a las organizaciones de acuerdo con sus características, modelo de gestión y contribución al desarrollo económico y social. Establecidos los parámetros fundamentales del sector emprendedor de la economía popular y solidaria, se estiman aquellos intervalos que sean aplicables para comparar el grado de asociación de las diferentes organizaciones del cantón Machala. Se establece que la toma de decisiones es el principal indicador de asociatividad solidaria, seguido de los factores de producción y la repartición de excedentes. La relativa poca asociatividad de las organizaciones de economía popular y solidaria del cantón Machala hace latente la necesidad de fomentar políticas de capacitación, inclusión y acompañamiento.
Editorial Vol. 9, Issue 1
Authors: De Gloria Alessandro
Published: March 2022

Editorial of Vol. 9, Issue 1
[RETRACTED] Premium Jane CBD Gummies Shark Tank v1
Authors: not provided premiumjanetank
Published: March 2022

[RETRACTED]

Premium Jane CBD Gummies Shark Tank
State of the Russian Oncology Service: lip cancer. Population-based study at the federal district level. Part II. Survival of patients, median of survival, survival of patients taking into account the localization, histological
structure and disease stage
Authors: Merabishvili Vakhtang M. , Vasilyev Alexander B. , Merabishvili Elvira N. , Barsukov Alexey F.
Published: March 2022

Malignant neoplasms of the lip are a rare type of tumor. State reporting provides only a set of data for calculating incidence rates. The Population-Based Cancer Registry (PCR) database developed by us at the level of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation allowed, for the first time in Russia, to calculate a set of analytical indicators, such as the median survival, one-year and five-year cumulative survival rates of lip cancer patients, taking into account the detailed localization and histological structure.
The aim of the study was to investigate the level and trends in survival of lip cancer patients in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation considering the localization and histological structures and the stage of the disease.
The material of the study was the Population-based Cancer Registry of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. Data processing was carried out using the methodology recommended by the International Association of Cancer Registries under the EUROCARE program.
Unfavorable trends in the lip cancer incidence rate have been established in Russia and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. The median survival remained within 68 years. Survival rates of patients have indicated a high level of treatment of patients with malignant lip neoplasms at the level of the Northwestern Federal District. Survival of patients in the first year of observation was: observed 89.3%, relative 93.8%. The five-year observed survival did not reach 50%, the relative exceeded 60%.
Detailed localization development of the PCR data has revealed that patients with malignant neoplasms of the outer surface of the lower lip (C00.1) account for 60%. Histological characteristics of the registered patients have been significantly improved.
75th Anniversary of the Central Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and 3 Orthopaedics named after N.N. Priorov
Authors: Shaposhnikov Yu. G.
Published: March 2022

The birthday of the N.N. Priorov Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics. N.N. Priorov was born on April 22, 1921, when the Medical and Orthopedic Institute was opened in Moscow, house 16, Teply Pereulok. Its main purpose was to render aid to invalids of the First World War and the Civil War. The initiative to create the institute belonged to Prof. V.N. Rozanov, a major general surgeon, and Nikolai Nikolaevich Priorov, a young doctor, a former assistant of V.N. Rozanov, was appointed chief physician.
Simultaneous Combined Surgical Interventions with Use of Microsurgical Technique for Treatment of Severe Limb Injury Sequelae
Authors: Grishin I. G. , Goncharenko I. V. , Golubev V. G. , Evgrafov A. V. , Shiryaeva G. N. , Bogdashevskiy M. M. , Kroshkin M. M. , Polotnyanko V. N.
Published: March 2022

The authors elaborated new tacktics for simultaneous combined reconstructive operations in patients with severe limb injury sequelae. Experience included 268 patients, aged 13-56, who underwent microsurgical operations for restoration of injuried fragment of the limb. The total number of interventions was 589; altogether 474 tendons (169 patients), 277 nerves (194 patients), 76 arteries (114 patients) were restored. For the correction of secondary neurogenic deformity of fingers and wrist (170 patients) 200 operations were performed. In 50 patients plasty with free vascularized skin-bone grafts was carried out. In 22 patients free skin (18 cases), skin-fascial (2 patients) or skin-tendenous (2 patients) plasty was carried out. In 13 patients total elbow joint replacement using Sivash implant, in 3 patients total replacement of metacarpophalangeal and in 1 patient - matatarsophalangeal joints was performed. In 4 patients transposition of broadest muscle of the back was performed due to sequelae of severe damage of shoulder area or elbow joint. Good and satisfactory results were obtaained in 87.6% of cases.
Radiographic Findings for Diagnosis of Primary Tumors 35 and Tumor-Like Diseases of Spine in Children
Authors: Morozov A. K. , Belyaeva A. A. , Kornachev A. L.
Published: March 2022

Retrospective analysis of radiographic semiotics in tumors and tumor-like diseases of spine was performed in 179 children, aged 3-16. Fourteen nosologic forms were revealed, diagnosis was verified morphologically. Eleven patients had malignant tumors (osteogenic sarcoma, Ewings sarcoma, malignant osteoblastoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant neuroblastoma); 67 patients had benign tumors (osteoid-osteoma, osteoblastoma, hemangioma, osteoblastoclastoma, osteochondroma, neurogenic tumors, chondroma); tumor-like diseases were revealed in 101 patients (aneurismal bone cyst, eosinophilic granuloma). The peculiarities of radiographic semiotics were described for every nosologic form, differential diagnostic criteria for the most common tumors and tumor-like diseases have been presented.
Fractures of the Condyle of the Tibia Complicated by Subluxation or Dislocation of the Crus
Authors: Mikhailenko V. V. , Lirtsman V. M. , Antipin S. K.
Published: March 2022

Twenty seven patients (9 men and 18 women, aged 16-87 years) with the fractures of the condyle of the tibia complicated by subluxation or dislocation of the crus were observed. The authors believe that the most effective treatment method for such injuries is the reposition with apparatuses on the orthopaedic table and simultaneous fixation of the fragments by specialscrew that allows to eliminate subluxation or dislocation of the crus and to perform compression osteosynthesis with firm fixation of the fragments. In severe displacement of the condyle with its angular rotation, disturbance of spongy bone and crus dislocation, open reposition of the fragments and elimination of crus dislocation with the plasty of spongy bone defect using the autografts from the upper flaring portion of te ilium or biocompatible porous ceramics with the fixation of fragments by a screw is indicated. Permanent skeletal traction is much less effective than the surgical methods of treatment.
A.E. Rauer (on the 125th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Cherkasova G. I.
Published: March 2022

March 28, 1996 was the 125th anniversary of the birth of Alexander Eduardovich Rauer, a man who operated on the face, restoring an image disfigured by war. A bloody mask instead of a face, a gaping wound instead of a nose, splinters of bones and teeth sticking out instead of jaws, mooing instead of speech - all this was horrifying and repulsive. All this is the face of war. We know from the history of past world wars how terrible the fate of those who were wounded in the face was. The orderlies sometimes left such wounded on the battlefield, considering them doomed to death. Bitter was the fate of those who were brought to hospitals: they could not drink, feed and nurse them. They died not from wounds, but from exhaustion. The survivors were doomed to wear a white mask on their face, hiding the face with the stigma of war under it. There were few surgeons who tried to perform reconstructive surgeries. Plastic surgery as an independent branch of medicine at the beginning of the century were making their first steps Wounded in the face were afraid to leave the walls of hospitals, afraid to appear in human society. The stigma of war deprived them of the joy of being, communication and family.
Staged Treatment of Osteochondrodysplasias in Children
Authors: Berezhniy A. L. , Volkov M. V. , Snetkov A. I. , Kotov V. L. , Mikhailova L. K. , Samkov A. S. , Banakov V. V. , Morgun V. A. , Ochkurenko A. A. , Frantov R. B.
Published: March 2022

The study has been based on the experience of treatment of 1371 patients with various forms of osteochon- drodysplasias. Progredient pattern of the majority of oste- ochondrodysplasias development required the planning of complex management from the birth up to the age of 16 years. Conservative management preceding surgical procedures included the following steps: prevention, correction of deformity, treatment of complications, medicine therapy. Surgical management was multi-staged, the number of operations was stipulated by the rate of inevitable relapses of deformities, arthrosis development. Original techniques of surgical interventions were elaborated for every form of osteochondrodysplasias, first of all epiphyseal ones.
Therapeutic Management for Congenital Hip Joint Dislocation in Children
Authors: Filyushkin N. Yu. , Morgun V. A.
Published: March 2022

The study of the treatment outcomes of 45 children (56 joints), aged 10 months - 4 years, with congenital hip joint dislocation has been performed. The follow up period was 7 years. The choice criteria for conservative or surgical treatment are analysed. Several signs detected by functional arthrography which allow to substantiate the therapeutic management are presented. Fourteen inpatients received various conservative manipulations depending on peculiarity of the pathology. The conclusion is made about the necessity of the correction of residual dysplastic hip deformities and acetabulum using extraar- ticular interventions. Surgical treatment was performed in 42 cases. Good and excellent results were obtained in 78% of cases, satisfactory results - in 22% of cases. Authors consider that in initial severe malformation of acetabulum, the presence of anatomic impediment for reduction as well as in low marginal dislocation the open reduction with detorsion-varus-forming osteotomy of the femur and simultaneous reconstruction of the supra-acetabular region by Salter is an efficient and reliable procedure.
Total Replacement in Posttraumatic Defects
Authors: Nuzhdin V. I. , Khoranov Yu. G. , Popova T. P. , Gorokhov V. Yu.
Published: March 2022

The authors report on 40 patients with severe post- traumatic defects of bone tissue who underwent total elbow replacement using Sivash prosthesis. The prosthesis design promotes the restoration of flexion-extension in elbow joint within the limits 180-70 degrees and rotation up to 45 degrees. Good results were achieved in 31 patients. In 9 patients the implants were removed because of late suppuration and instability. In 4 patients out of 9 revision was performed and good results were achieved. The authors consider that method could be recommended for the application in traumatologic and orthopaedic clinics.
Principle Problems of Tactics of Surgical Treatment for the Pelvic Ring Fracture
Authors: Cherkes-Zade D. I. , Lazarev A. F.
Published: March 2022

The study is based on the analysis of 596 cases of combined pelvic injury. Their clear differetiation was performed depending on the pattern and severity of the injury and the disturbance of the functional links between the segments of the pelvic ring, predominant injury, duration of shock, volume of blood loss and other factors. The indications for surgical correction of fractures in different terms after trauma are defined. Complex of diagnostic, resuscitation,surgical and rehabilitation procedures including the wide set of low traumatic methods of surgical correction for structural disturbances of the pelvic ring is substantiated. The use of the elaborated tactics allowed to decrease the acute pelvic injury mortality up to 4,6%, permanent disablement due to acetabulum cavity fractures - three times (from 37,5% up to 12%), To avoid completely the disablement resulting from the injuries of the pelvic ring alone, to shorten the total treatment duration twice in comparison to the routine methods of treatment. In 96% of patients good and satisfactory results were achieved.
Total Resection of Long Bone in Malignant Tumors
Authors: Makhson A. N. , Makhson N. E.
Published: March 2022

The experience of total resection of long bones in 32 patients with malignant and metastatic tumors is presented. When tumor was located in the femur the bone defect was filled in by Sivashs implant complex; when the tumor was located in the shoulder - individual custom polymeric implants were applied. After clavicular extirpation no defect was filled in, however it did not affect functional disability of the hand and when the patient was dressed the cosmetic defect was not seen. In vast damage of the humerus diaphysis and intact epiphyses the authors recommend to perform diaphysis resection followed by the application of autograft from fibula on microvascular anasthomosis. After those operation the hand function was completely preserved. In patients with metastatic damage total resection of long bone was carried out in case of solitary metastase as well as in multiple metastases with pathologic fractures or with the risk of pathologic fractures. The indications for total resection of the femur in metastatic tumors should be strictly limited because of severity of the operation. Total resection of long bone with correct planning and careful operative technique versus amputation and exarticulation gives the same oncologic outcome and herewith provides significantly higher of patients life.
Anaerobic Purulent Complications in Patients with Injuries and Orthpaedic Pathology
Authors: Urazgildeev Z. I. , Makhson N. E. , Mel'nikova V. M. , Okropiridze G. G. , Raskidailo A. S.
Published: March 2022

Results of microbiologie examinations for the detection of anaerobic nonesporulation microflora in trauma and orthopaedic patients with purulent processes are analysed. Out of 308 patients with purulent processes in bones and joints of pelvis and lower limbs anaerobes are detected in 40.6% of cases, i.e. anaerobes only - in 7.5% and anaerobic-aerobic assocoations - in 33.1%. In chronic gunshot osteomyelitis anaerobes are determined most often (in 84.6% of examined patients). Out of 110 patients with suspision to sepsis obligate anaerobes are isolated in 21.8%. Among determined anaerobes coccous microflora makes up 44.16%, bacteroides - 18.7%, fusobacteria - 3.2%, Clostridium - 7.53%, Gram-positive nonesporulation bacilli - 26.41%. Methods of microbiologie diagnosis for anaerobic microflora using both imported and native equipment are described. Peculiarities of clinical manifestation and treatment of anaerobic purulent processes are presented too.
Pain Syndrome in Deforming Arthrosis of Large Joints: Pathogenesis and Treatment
Authors: Kamenev Yu. F. , Berglesov M. A. , Batpenov N. D. , Nadgeriev V. M. , Shitikov V. A. , Lyalin L. L. , Tskhakaya D. Ch. , Toporov Yu. A. , Malakhovskiy D. E.
Published: March 2022

Mechanisms of pain syndrome development in deforming arthrosis of large joints is considered with the regard for synovia changes in the injuried joint, dynamics of bone chronaxy as well as the development of extraarticular changes during the late stage of pathology. Components of pain syndrome and sequence of their development manifestation as far as the severity of the disease aggravates are defined. Peculiarities of the pathologic algesic system being formed in this condition are considered. Therapeutic management at various components of pain syndrome as well as the estimation of its efficacy is given.
All-Ressian Scientific Practical Conference «Problems of Spine and Spine Cord Surgery»
Authors: Fomichev N. G. , Ramikh E. A. , Kuznetsova L. G. , Kiskevich M. I.
Published: March 2022

The conference held in April 2-4, 1996 in Novosibirsk was dedicated to the 50-year Anniversary of Novosibirsk SRIST, the 75-year Anniversary of the Honored Scientist of Russian Federation, Professor Ya.L. Tsivyan, the 80-year Anniversary of the Honored Scientist of Russian Federation, Professor K.I. Kharitonova. The conference was attended by 163 delegates representing various scientific branches and schools from many cities of the Russian Federation (including leading specialists from Moscow and St. Petersburg) and from near and far abroad countries. The participation in the conference of guests from the USA, Great Britain, Belgium, Austria, and Bulgaria testified to the importance of the problems under consideration; the speeches of foreign specialists aroused interest and lively discussion.
Primary Sacrum Tumors in Adults: Diagnostic Problems
Authors: Burdigin V. N. , Morozov A. K. , Belayeva A. A.
Published: March 2022

One hundred fifty patients, age 16-77, were examined. Forty five out of them had malignant tumors or metastatic lesions of sacrum; 105 patients had benign tumors, tumor-like diseases and inflammatory processes (3). All patients were operated on. Diagnosis was verified morphologically. Analysis of clinical-radiological symptomatology and of the results of special radiation diagnostic methods (CT, MRT) were performed. Clinical manifestations of sacrum tumors have no specific features, careful examination of a patient and anamnesis study give the possibility to detect the process pattern, but not the nosologic form. In 75,8% of patients radiologic and especially CT and MRT data allowed to determine nosologic form preoperatively. Authors emphasized that CT and MRT was the method of choice for examination of patients with sacrum tumors. The attention was directed to the necessity of the increase oncologic alertness among neurologists and orthopaedic surgeons. If sacrum tumor is suspected the patient must be referred to special medical institute which are equipped with modern radiation diagnosis systems.
Application of Irradiated Bone Replants in Surgical Treatment of Osteogenic Sarcoma in Children
Authors: Bizer V. A. , Kurilchik A. A. , Sidorchenkov V. O.
Published: March 2022

Ten children, aged 8-16, with osteogenic sarcoma received complex treatment which included distant gammairradiation in total focal dose of 36 Gy with chemotherapy (Pt drugs) and subsequent surgical intervention. Operation was performed 3-6 months after chemotherapy in case of stabilization of local tumor process and absence of metastases. Peculiarity of surgical tactics consisted in the following: in the operating room the resected bone with tumor (often it was the distal articular end of the femur) was subjected to single electronic bunch irradiation in 60 Gy dose and after that it was replanted. X-ray control showed that the reconstruction of irradiated replants implanted into irradiated tissues developed slowly and did not complete by the 3rd observation year. However, it did not prevent the replant from functioning as a prosthesis. In 30% of patients postoperative complications, i.e. suppuration, were noted. Four patients died. Six patients are alive, 4 out of them have follow-up period over 2 years and 2 patients over 3 years. Authors conclude that in appropriate indications and simulataneous irradiation autobone-replants can be used for the substitution of bone defects.
Treatment of Solitary Bone Cysts in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Tenilin N. A. , Bogosyan A. B. , Sosnin A. G.
Published: March 2022

The result of treatment of 115 patients with bone cysts of different localization is analysed. In 73 patients the segmental or marginal resection was performed. Fifteen years follow-up period showed inadequcy of surgical interventions related to pathology nature so far as recurrence occurred in 10-12% of cases; besides muscular hypotrophy and shortening of operated segment developed. Authors consider that puncture methods are the most rational method for treatment. Elaborated method of persistent through drainage of pathologic cavity and drip of medicines allowed to receive the excellent and good results in 93% of cases. To observe the reparative process side by side with X-ray examination sonography method is suggested. The marker of osteolysis activity is the ferritine concentration in cyst. Its level is directly poportional to process activity, i.e. in active and recurrent cysts ferritine concentration is ten times higher than in serum and reduces to norm in residual bone cavities.
Early Diagnosis and Choice of Curative Tactics in Legg-Calve-Pertes’ Disease
Authors: Batalov O. A. , Bogosayn A. B. , Musikhina I. V. , Tenilin N. A. , Sosnin A. G. , Permaykov M. V. , Vashkevich D. B. , Vvedenskiy P. S. , Kochemasov V. M.
Published: March 2022

The experience of diagnosis and treatment of 155 children with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) is presented. The high efficacy of sonography and radiothermometry in diagnosis of the early LCPD stages is showed. Sixty two patients were treated conservatively and 93 patients were operated on. Conservative treatment was used in patients with IIII LCPD stages when interrelations of joint elements were in norm. The following therapeutic remedies were used: hyperbaric oxygenation, acupuncture as well as drug therapy by new scheme. Indications to operative treatment, i.e. intervention in proximal femur or pelvic bones, were the incongruency of articular surfaces and failure of conservative treatment during 6 months even in normal interrelation of articular elements. Given scheme of diagnosis and treatment of LCPD allowed to achieve good and satisfactory results in 92.3% of patients.
Compression- Distraction in the Correction of Shortening and Deformity of Extremities on Dischondroplasy
Authors: Banakov V. V. , Lipkin S. I. , Samkov A. S.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study was to determine the significance of extrafocal osteosynthesis in the treatment of patients with dischondroplasy as well as the affect of distraction on chondromatosis foci. In 59 patients, age 6-17, extrafocal osteosynthesis was applied for correction of shortening and deformity of forearm (11), humerus (12), lower extremities (36). Three forms of dischondroplasy were distinguished: dysplastic, tumorlike, mixed. The technique of distraction osteosynthesis was changed depending upon the dischondroplasy form. Good results were achieved in 89% of patients. Histologic examination of dischondroplastic foci was performed at the different stages of surgical treatment. It revealed that no distraction neither led to ossification of chondromatosis focus nor stimulated its growth. By authors opinion the extrafocal compression-distraction osteosynthesis is the method of choice in treatment of patients with dischondroplasy.
About Tactics of Correction in Clubfoot
Authors: Volkov S. E. , Malakhov O. A. , Zakharov E. S. , Maksimov I. A.
Published: March 2022

Two hundred eighty six patients with clubfoot were examined to detect the rational tactics and method of treatment. It is showed that radiographic or MRT examination of foot is necessary for objective estimation of total bone-articular correction of the deformity. Absence of improvement during conservative treatment is the indication to operative treatment. Traditional method of conservative correction of varus gives efficacy at every stage of treatment during the first 6 changes of plaster bandage only. Equine correction should be performed surgically. Choice of operative tactics depends on the degree of residual foot deformity. If equine and varus is preserved talus reposition with internal fixation is indicated; when equine is preserved the posterior or posteromedial tenoligamentocapsulotomy is indicated.
About Primary Malignant Chondroblastoma
Authors: Shavirin A. B. , Lipkin S. I.
Published: March 2022

According to the WHO histological classification of tumors (1972), chondroblastoma of bone belongs to benign cartilage-forming tumors. However, later literature data indicate the possibility of its malignancy. T.P. Vinogradova mentions its malignant form along with benign chondroblastoma, noting that "each benign form of tumor, as a rule, has its malignant analogue". There are 20 cases of malignant chondroblastoma described in the world literature and there are brief mentions of another 8 such cases. The work of V.N. Burdygin, A.K. Morozov and S.I. Lipkin [1] reports 6 own observations, A.K. Morozov reports 8 malignant chondroblastomas out of 113 studied, the publication of S.I. Lipkin - about 13 malignant chondroblastomas and 3 clear cell chondrosarcomas, which probably arose on the basis of chondroblastoma malignancy; according to V.L. Kotov and S.I. Lipkin, in 13 of 225 patients with chondroblastoma the tumor was verified as malignant.
Development of V.N. Blochin and his Contribution to Orthopaedics and Surgery of the Hand (Commemorating the 100th anniversary of birthday)
Authors: Shinkarenko I. N.
Published: March 2022

It is 100 years since the birthday of the RSFSR Honored Scientist, Doctor of Medicine, Professor Vladimir Nikolayevich Blokhin, an outstanding scientist, one of the founders of modern Russian traumatology, orthopedics, plastic surgery and hand surgery.
Surgical Tactics at Severe Concomitant Injury of the Chest in Early Stage of Traumatic Disease: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcomes
Authors: Wagner E. A. , Bruns V. A.
Published: March 2022

Long-term experience in treatment of patient with concomitant chest injuries is presented. The authors distinguish two main types of severe concomitant injuries of the chest - monoconcomitant (49.7%) and polyconcomitant (50.3%). In such injuries the difficulty of the clinical picture is caused by the syndrome of mutual aggravation and depression of immune system. Thus, in 62% of cases clinical manifestations are inadequate to the pattern and severity of the separate organs injury. Under modern clinical conditions the difficulty of diagnosis are overcome by means of objective instrumental methods of examination. Surgical tactics consists of a single general complex of measures on elimination of critical states as well as specific tactical activities depending on the peculiarities of the injury. Maximum possible accuracy of the choice of surgical tactics depends on the dominant injury detection.
Treatment of Ununited Fractures and Pseudoarthroses of Navicular Bone
Authors: Magdiev D. A. , Kuzmenko V. V. , Korshunov V. F.
Published: March 2022

The treatment results of 256 patients with ununited fractures and pseudoarthroses of navicular bone are presented. In 107 patients (41,8%) diagnostic mistakes were made at early stages and in 84 patients (32,8%) treatment mistakes were detected. In 65 patients (41.4%) navicular bone fractures were not diagnosed at timely radiologic examination. Two hundred four patients (79.6%) were treated with distraction device elaborated at the clinic. In ununited fractures the rate of distraction was 1 mm/day up to 6-8 mm distraction wrist joint and then fixation in device during 4 weeks was used. After the removal of the device plaster cast was applied. In pseudoarthroses the distraction rate was 1 mm/day up to 1 cm distraction of the joint with subsequent fixation for 6-8 weeks. In navicular bone fractures with displacement fragments the reduction of fragments took place in most of the cases. When reduction was not achieved the open reduction of fragments was performed after joint distraction. Good and satisfactory results were achieved in 90.2% of cases.
Technical Possibilities for Revascularization of Spinal Cord Using Microsurgery
Authors: Shaposhnikov Yu. G. , Stepanov G. A. , Grishin I. G. , Mitskevich V. A. , Kamenev Yu. F. , Kolesnikov S. A.
Published: March 2022

The results of the study of peculiarities of spinal cord vascularization performed on 20 cadavers are presented. The aim of this work was to determine technical possibilities of spinal cord vascularization using microsurgery. The impossibility to perform direct reconstructive microvascular operations on the radicis and spinal arteries as well as the necessity to elaborate the operations on the larger vessels located near the lesion zone in order to form the roundabout blood circulation in that region were shown.
First Experience in Application of New Method for Active Immunoprophylaxis of Bacillus Pynocyaneous in Patients with Open Loco-Motor System Injuries
Authors: Klyukvin I. Yu. , Khvatov V. B. , Byalik I. F. , Bodrova G. N. , Menshikov D. D.
Published: March 2022

New effective method of active immunoprophylaxis of Bacillus Pynocyaneous in victims with open long bones fractures was elaborated. Anatoxin of Bacillus Pynocyaneous (15-30 mkg of protein/day) was injected into medullar canal of injured limb for 3-5 days after trauma. Injection of anatoxin was performed through microirrigator that was placed at the time of first osteosynthesis operation. Application of that procedure activated all components of immunity at early stages (by 7 day after injury) resulting in subsequent increase of immune response. Advantages of the given method in comparison with standard scheme of active immunoprophylaxis were confirmed by immunologic study data as well as by favorable clinical outcome of wound process.
Use of Collapan for Plasty of Osteomyelitis Bone Defects
Authors: Urazgildeev Z. I. , Bushuev O. M. , Berchenko G. N.
Published: March 2022

Use of biocomposed material Collapan (Company Intermedapatit, Russia) for the filling of bone defects after sequestrectomy was evaluated in 92 patients with chronic osteomyelitis of different localization. In 76 patients surgical wounds healed by first intention, in 16 patients by second intention. Four patients had recurrence of purulent process in the term from 4 to 18 months after operation. Morphologic and histologic study of tissue specimens obtained during reoperation showed that inserted collapan induced antibacterial background, served as the matrix of newly forming bone tissue and activated the osteogenesis.
Hip Joint Arthrodesis by Rod Device
Authors: Zhadyonov I. I. , Zuev P. A. , Muromtsev V. A.
Published: March 2022

Authors elaborated and introduced into clinical practice the method of controlled hip joint arthrodesis using the rod device for fixation. The proposed method not only allowed to activate patients earlier but also relieved their self-service and enabled the surgeon to influence the bone tissue reparative regeneration at all stages of postoperative management. 63 patients with different hip joint pathology were operated on. In 57 cases ankylosis was achieved in 5-12 months after operation.
Problems of Fat Embolism in Traumatology and Orthopaedics
Authors: Kassil V. L. , Pletnev I. N. , Arzhakova N. I. , Raybtsev K. L.
Published: March 2022

Fat embolism (FA) - multiple occlusion of blood vessels by fat droplets - is one of the severe complications of early traumatic illness. According to different authors, it accompanies 60-85% of skeletal injuries with traumatic shock and is the leading cause of death in 1-15% of cases. It is also noteworthy that after so many intramedullary osteosynthesis operations, 0.5% of deaths are caused by this syndrome. During the Great Patriotic War, PE was reported in 10% of all wounded and in 7-10% of the wounded with gunshot fractures of bones. Unfortunately, PE is rarely diagnosed while alive, in only 1-2.2% of cases. The condition is often misdiagnosed as traumatic brain injury, pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome ('shock lung').
Reconstruction of the Thumb by Precision Technique 9 at Urgent Care Rendering
Authors: Azolov V. V. , Aleksandrov N. M. , Pertov S. V.
Published: March 2022

Expediency of the thumb reconstruction at the time of urgent care rendering is presented. It is detected that primary reconstruction of the thumb can be performed using either the transfer of hand segments or the transplantation of foot segments on microvascular anastomosis. It is shown that the treatment is considerably more effective when the segments of the injured hand are transferred. When performing such operations the use of precision technique provides reliable prevention of venous insufficiency in the reconstructed thumb. The elaborated method of the plasty of the radial hand margin enabled to achieve acceptable treatment results in cases of thumb avulsion accompanied by the injury of the bone and soft tissue deficit.
Morphogenesis and Pathogenesis of Traumatic Infarction of Long Bone (experimental 13 studay)
Authors: Grigorovskiy V. V.
Published: March 2022

Morphogenesis and pathogenesis of traumatic infarction of long bone was studied in experiment (45 rats and 8 dogs). Tibial osteotomy with section of great branches of the main nutritive arteria were performed. Morphogenic indices of pathologic changes were studied in terms from 3 hours to 60 days and physiologic indices of intraosseous hemodynamics were studied in terms from 10 min to 8 hours During the first hours after osteotomy extensive loci of blood supply occulusion of bone marrow and diaphysial cortex were detected in free fragment ends. Then those loci were transformed into diaphysial infarction. Occulusion loci increased up to the end of the first day after osteotomy, then they started to decrease. Infarctions in distal fragment were reliably more extensive than the infarctions in proximal fragment. Physiologic indices testified severe blood supply aggravation in free distal fragment end.
Effect of Fosamax on Remodeling of the Bone Tissue and Bone Mass in Postmenopausal and Senile Osteoporosis
Authors: Rodionova S. S. , Kolondaev A. F. , Makarov M. A. , Burdigina N. V.
Published: March 2022

In 11 patients with postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis and decreased remodeling the effect of Fosamax on the bone tissue mass in different segments of skeleton was studied. Course of treatment was 12 months. Fosamax 10 mg/daily was found to provide marked analgesic effect to improve clinical course of disease during the first 6 months of treatment. Using dual-energy-x-ray absorptiometry the increase of bone tissue mass was detected in all examined skeleton segments (by 3.7-8.5%) of patients with initial low resorption (low oxyprolinuria and calcinuria). It mainly testified the stimulate effect of Fosamax on the process of bone formation. Increase of bone mass in femur neck confirmed that Fosamax unlike other medicines influenced not only the trabecular bone but the cortical one as well.
Total Hip Joint Arthroplasty: Mistakes, Complications and Their Prevention
Authors: Filippenko V. A. , Tankut V. A. , Masandika S. Kh.
Published: March 2022

Results of total arthroplasties performed at Kharkov Scientific Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology during 28 years have been analysed. In the period before 1990, 1025 total hip arthroplasties using different implants design were done. Complications developed in 246 (24%) patients. In the period from 1991 to 1996, 115 total hip arthroplasties were performed and complications were recorded in 11 (9.5%) cases. Loosening of implants and suppuration were the most frequent complications. The causes of complications and certain opportunities of their prevention and treatment are scrutinized. By authors opinion the decrease of complications rate in the second period is associated with the accumulation of experience, increase of skills of the staff and accessment to modern implants.
Use of Clexane for the Preservation of Thromboembolic Complications Following Hip Replacement Surgery
Authors: Arzhakova N. I. , Novoseltseva V. A. , Brovkina E. E. , Biryukova E. E.
Published: March 2022

In 28 patients (27 hip and 1 knee replacement) Clexane was used in dose 40 mg/day to prevent the development of complications. Clexane (Rhone-Poulenc Rorer, France) is a low molecular weight heparin. The volume of intra- and postoperative blood loss, hemoglobin level, platelets count, coagulogram were analysed in all patients. Efficacy of clexane was evaluated by the absence of clinical signs of deep veins thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, the safety was evaluated by the absence of clinical signs of bleeding. Clexane was determined to give effect on the system of blood coagulation and platelets count (tendency to thrombocytopenia). In no one case clinical signs of deep veins thrombosis and pulmonary embolism as well as the signs of hemorrhagic events were detected.
State of Road Safety in the Countries of European Community
Authors: Teodoridis K. A.
Published: March 2022

The report is based on the analysis of the materials of the High-level experts' Report for European policy of traffic safety as well as the materials of the Interparty Parliamentary commission for research of the problem of traffic accidents in Greece. The analysis was made with regard for the established by the Commission the main indices (criteria) of the state of road safety: number of deaths per 1 mln population, number of deaths per 1 mln vehicles, distribution of fatal victims by categories (groups) , severity of the injuries, place of road traffic accident. It is shown that insufficient road safety is a great threat to the public health and in order to decrease this threat the effective measures are to be taken urgently. Commission suggests to set as an object the 20-30% decrease of the number of fatal and severely injured victims in the countries of European Community till 2000.
Experience in Use of New Fixation Method in Traumatology and Orthopaedics
Authors: Wozasek G. E. , Dem A. , Orljanski V.
Published: March 2022

Osteosynthesis with a constricting loop is widely used in orthopaedic traumatology due to its ease of use. However, there have been reports of complications with this technique: cases of Kirschner spokes dislocation, bone penetration by the wire, and loop fracture have been reported. Rockwood et al. retrospectively evaluated 49 cases over the past 47 years of complications with this technique on the shoulder.
Development and new turn of microsurgery in native traumatology and orthopaedics
Authors: Azolov V. V. , Petrov S. V. , Alexandrov N. M. , Petrov S. A. , Mitrofanov N. V. , Nosov O. B.
Published: March 2022

The brief history of the development of microsurgery in native traumatology and orthopaedics is presented. Complex use of the methods of classic and precision technique are described, new methods for the substitution of the nerve trunk and bone defects are suggested.
Experimental study of the possible use of different microsurgical operations for spinal cord revascularization (2nd report)
Authors: Stepanov G. A. , Shaposhnikov Yu. G. , Grishin I. G. , Mitskevich V. A. , Kamenev Yu. F. , Kolesnikov S. A.
Published: March 2022

Eleven experimental microsurgical operations were performed in cadavers. The operations were carried out to correct various types of vascular disorders observed in spinal injury (disturbance of arterial inflow, impediment of venous outflow, combination of arterial and venous circulation disturbance). The necessity of the differential approach to the circulatory disturbance correction using techniques specially elaborated for every type of vascular disorders is demonstrated. New surgical methods and indications to their use are presented.
Diagnosis of acute carpal instability in radial fractures
Authors: Golubev I. O. , Shershneva O. G.
Published: March 2022

The analysis of X-rays of 873 patients with radial fractures was performed. The signs of carpal instability were found in 104 cases. Detailed examination of 32 patients detected clinical symptoms of instability in 17 cases. The most reliable X-ray signs of intercarpal ligament rupture were the following: changes of lunatoscaphoid angle before and after reduction, widening of the lunatotriquentral gap and degree of lunatocapitate angle before the reduction.
Tendinous-muscular transposition for the treatment of nn median us, ulnaris, radialis injury sequelae
Authors: Grishin I. G. , Shiryaeva G. N. , Polotnyanko V. N.
Published: March 2022

The treatment results of injury sequelae of n. medi- anus and/or n. ulnaris (184 patients) and n.radialis (33 patients) are summarized. The indications to tendinous- muscular transposition, time for surgery are presented; the most effective method for the restoration of thumb apposition, correction of claw-like hand deformity and restoration of active extension of the hand and fingers are distinguished. High efficacy of tendinous-muscular transposition and its significance for the treatment of nn medianus, ulnaris, radialis injury sequelae is shown. Follow up ranged from 2 months to 16 years, good and satisfactory results were in 96% of patients.
Substitution of bone defects and pseudoarthroses of upper limbs with vascularized autografts
Authors: Evgrafov А. V. , Mikhailov A. Yu.
Published: March 2022

From 1979 to 1998 at the Department of Microsurgery and Hand Injury (CITO) 68 patients, aged 6-52, with pseudoarthroses of the humerus (31 patients), forearm (34 patients) and capral bones (3 patients) were operated on. Forty-six patients had bone defects following injury and its complications. In 18 patients bone defects were due to bone tumors and in 4 - congenital deformity. Plasty with vascularized osseous (54 cases), dermal-osseous (11 cases) and muscular-osseous (3 cases) autografts was performed to substitute the bone defects. Good and satisfactory results were achieved in 63 out of 68 cases. In 4 patients unsatisfactory outcomes resulted from thrombosis of microvascular anastomoses. Conclusion is given that compared to routine treatment method the substitution of bone defects of upper limbs with vascularized autograft at least 2-3 times reduces the rehabilitation terms.
Myoplasty by flaps with axial blood-supply in infectious complications after hip replacement
Authors: Pshenisnov K. P. , Danilyak V. V. , Klyuchevskiy V. V.
Published: March 2022

After 359 total hip replacements (305 patients) infectious complications developed in 12 (3.3%) cases. Three cases were analyzed. To arrest the chronic inflammation, filling of residual cavities and substitute dermal defects muscular and myodermal flaps from m.tensor fasciae latae, m.rectus femoris and m. vastus lateralis with axial blood supply were used. Stopping of inflammatory process and radical closing of wound defect was achieved in all cases. In 2 patients it was possible to preserve stable to dislocation hip implants by means of wrapping up the implant neck with muscular flap.
Correction of vascular, thrombocytic and coagulative system of homeostasis in trauma and orthopaedic microsurgery
Authors: Mironov N. P. , Svetlov V. A. , Vabishchevich A. V. , Krupatkin A. I. , Fedotov S. A.
Published: March 2022

To improve the blood circulation during reconstructive operations with microsurgical technique acelysin (1.920.19 mg/kg) and clexane (0.590.07 mg/kg) was applied intra- and postoperatively in 16 and 11 patients, respectively. Control group included 12 patients. The study of coagulative, vascular and thrombocytic systems showed that the drugs were effective to keep up moderate blood hypocoagulation during and after long microsurgical operations. Acelysin provided prolonged hypocoagulation state while clexane had less prolonged and more slight effect.
Stable functional osteosynthesis with trans- osseous fixation in dislocations and fracture- dislocations of acromial end of clavicula
Authors: Urazgildeev R. Z.
Published: March 2022

The evaluation of 141 patients with dislocations and fracture-dislocations of acromial clavicula end was performed. All patients were divided into 3 groups depending upon the treatment method. Two groups were the control ones: 1st - 52 patients (36.9%) were treated conservatively; 2nd - 44 patients (31.2%) were operated on; 3rd - 45 patients (31.9%) were subjected transosseous osteosynthesis using the authors device. The description of the device and osteosynthesis technique was given. The device allowed to perform the complete reposition, elimination of all types of displacement and provided the stable fixation at any position of the patients body. It was possible to perform additional correction when necessary. The long-term results assessed using specially elaborated score system showed that conservative treatment gave good and satisfactory outcomes in 66.7% of cases, in operative treatment such results were achieved in 79.5% of cases and in 97.7% of cases when the suggested technique was used.
N.E. Mahson, A.L. Mahson. Adequate surgery for shoulder and pelvic girdle tumors (M., 1998)
Authors: Burdygin V. N.
Published: March 2022

The book is devoted to one of the most difficult sections of orthopedic oncology - the treatment of patients with tumors of the clavicle, scapula, proximal humerus and pelvic bones.
Injuries and Diseases of Distal Radioulnar Joint. Part I. Anatomy, Kinematics and Examination
Authors: Golubev I. O.
Published: March 2022

Disturbances of the distal radioulnar joint (DDRJ) have recently received more attention in the literature, and they have been diagnosed more frequently and treated better. As early as 1814. A. Colles wrote: "If the surgeon takes the trouble to carefully examine the injured hand, he will find that the end of the ulna is easily displaced forward and backward". However, the diagnosis of DDRJ injuries continues to be difficult and is often delayed due to manifest collateral injuries to the radius and wrist, and the fact that radiological changes, even in cases of significant DDRJ injuries, are often minimal.
Early surgical treatment of acute patellar dislocation
Authors: Lazishvili G. D. , Kuzmenko V. V. , Girshin S. G. , Lishansky A. D. , Gorbunova E. V.
Published: March 2022

Analysis of surgery for acute primary lateral dislocation of the patella is presented. There were 20 patients with acute trauma. Mechanism of injury and principles of examination are given. Authors are the active supporters of early surgery, preferring arthroscopic treatment with primary suture of med. retinaculum (Yamamoto technique) with lateral release. Special attention is given to the treatment of patellar dislocation complicated by osteochondral fractures. In 17 patients long-term results have been assessed with a 3 months 5 years follow-up. Fifteen of the patients have excellent and good results.
New treatment of old ankle joint injuries
Authors: Mironov S. P. , Cherkes-Zade D. D.
Published: March 2022

The authors showed and scientifically stipulated the possibility to improve the treatment results in patients with old ankle joint injuries by means of arthroscopic debridement of the articular surfaces in combination with inactivation of the extraarticular pain sauces.
New aspects of the use of «signal» flaps of the transplanted tissue complexes and skin- fascial flaps on microanastomoses in plasty reconstruction of fingers
Authors: Aleksandrov N. M. , Petrov S. V.
Published: March 2022

The possibility to use skin-fascial flaps grafted on the microanastomoses either in isolation or as a part of bone-dermal graft for the substitution of soft tissue defects in various regions of the reconstructed fingers and in the first interdigital space is studied. It is determined that the formation of the face surface by signal flap prevents the prolapse of its bone stroma and the development of trophic disorders in the soft tissues. The expediency of the transplanted flaps reinnervation is showed. A new approach to the formation of the first interdigital space in the adduction contractures of the first metacarpal bone in the carpo-metacarpal joint.