bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immune responses and immunoglobulin gene expression of Streptococcus agalactiae infected Nile Tilapia and the effective dose of inactivated Streptococcus agalactiae vaccine for Nile tilapia (chitralada 3 strain) in Thailand
Authors: Khunrang Thanakorn , Pooljun Chettupon , Wuthisuthimethavee Suwit
Published: August 2023

Streptococcus agalactiae is the primary pathogen in the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture and creates an impact through economic damage. the immune system functioned to eliminate the pathogen in infected fish. This study demonstrated the effect of different bacterial concentrations on tilapia immunity and optimal vaccine concentration to induce immunity in Nile tilapia. The experiment was performed at 102, 104, 106, 108, and 1010 CFU/fish of S. agalactiae compared with the control (PBS) through intraperitoneal injection for 72 h. Immunoglobulin gene expression, antibody titers, and blood smeared to measure the survival rate. The vaccine experiment investigated formalin-inactivated S. agalactiae vaccination and administered S. agalactiae injections for 14 days. The statistic revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the 108 and 1010 CFU/fish injections with high survival rates (62.22% and 53.33%, respectively). Immunoglobulin gene expression was highly represented in the 1010 CFU/fish injection; antibody titers were significantly improved from the control treatment, and antibody levels were high in the 1010 CFU/fish injection. The comparison of the blood measurement from the blood smear technique indicated gradual leucocyte enhancement, especially of lymphocytes. In addition, the erythrocyte/leucocyte ratio was reduced in the highly bacterial injection, in which the experiment disclosed that the leucocytes increased. Conversely, the erythrocytes stayed at the same number. The lymphocytes were almost two-fold in 1010 CFU/fish compared to 108 CFU/fish. As depicted in the lowest concentration of 106 CFU/fish, the vaccine performance had a high relative percent survival (RPS) at 86.67%. This research suggested that the tilapia infected with high S. agalactiae concentrations did not affect the mortality of the tilapia, and vaccine concentration was effective in 106 CFU/fish.
Do we need standardized management after Termination-of-Resuscitation Attempts? Autoresuscitation in a 67-year-old woman: a case report
Authors: Pasierski Janina , Kleger Gian-Reto , Imboden Paul
Published: August 2023

Background: Autoresuscitation is the phenomenon of spontaneous return of circulation after cessation of CPR, also known as the Lazarus syndrome or phenomenon. Most of the evidence is based on case reports and a few systematic reviews, which focus on the mechanisms leading to autoresuscitation or the timing of it. The occurrence of autoresuscitation may lead to self-reproach and dismay in affected emergency personnel and may rise questions about the correct procedure after terminating resuscitative efforts. In contrast to existing cardiac arrest guidelines there is no standardized approach to terminating resuscitative attempts.
Case: We report a case of out of hospital autoresuscitation in a 67-year-old female after 60 minutes of advanced cardiac life support. After shock refractory ventricular fibrillation as well as pulseless ventricular tachycardia, we recorded pulseless electrical activity and fixed pupils. Since the patient was in the ambulance at the time the cardiopulmonary resuscitation was abandoned, a discussion with the responsible medical authorities followed. It was decided that the body should be taken to the hospital for further legal medical examination. In the meantime, all monitoring devices were removed. On arrival the patient surprisingly showed signs of life, so that she was immediately taken to the emergency department. Due to the suggestive history, a coronary angiography was performed, showing three-vessel coronary heart disease which necessitated surgical intervention. Before transferring the patient to a cardiac surgery center, sedation was reduced to investigate neurological damage. Ten days after ACBP surgery the patient was transferred to the cardiological ward and a week later she was finally discharged to neurological rehabilitation.
Conclusion : As already proposed by existing literature, there should be at least a 10-minute interval of close monitoring after abandoning CPR. Transport of a deceased patient should only take place after secure signs of death, such as postmortem lividity, can be detected. In our case we were confronted with a shock refractory shockable rhythm which deteriorated into a pulseless electrical activity. Further investigation is needed to determine which patients are most likely to benefit from an extended observation period. Our case reports highlights the difficulties in death declaration and the importance of close monitoring after abandoning CPR.
Risk analysis of rainstorm-urban lifeline system disaster chain based on PageRank-risk matrix and complex network
Authors: Guo Haixiang , He Xinyu , Lv Xinbiao , Wu Yang
Published: August 2023

This study aims to enhance emergency response and decision-making capabilities for rainstorm disasters. It begins by analyzing 87 such disasters worldwide and summarizing secondary events across 15 urban lifeline systems. Based on these findings and the characteristics of rainstorm disaster evolution and complex network theory, the study constructs a model of rainstorm disaster chains in urban lifeline systems, conducting both partial and overall analyses of this model. Using a PageRank-risk matrix, the study calculates quantitative node risk levels for different parts of the model and applies complex network theory to assess overall chain risk. The results show that the highest risk disaster chain is ‘flood → submerged or collapsed houses → damaged roads → traffic congestion or paralysis’. The most important node is ‘traffic congestion or paralysis’, underlining the acute need for emergency response measures in urban traffic systems during a rainstorm disaster. Overall, this research provides crucial direction for preventing rainstorm disasters in urban lifeline systems.
Bifurcation analysis of the soliton solutions to the Doubly dispersive equation in elastic inhomogeneous Murnaghan’s rod
Authors: Rayhanul Islam S. M.
Published: August 2023

The Doubly Dispersive Equation (DDE) finds extensive utility across scientific and engineering domains. It stands as a significant nonlinear physical model elucidating nonlinear wave propagation within the elastic inhomogeneous Murnaghan’s rod (EIMR). With this in mind, we have focused on the integration of the DDE model and the advanced auxiliary equation (AAM) scheme. Through wave transformation, this model is effectively converted into an ordinary differential equation. In this paper, the goal of our work is to explore new wave solutions of the DDE model by using AAE scheme, which solutions are extremely helpful insights into the operation of the system. The impacts of the parameters are provided in this manuscript. We also discussed about the dynamical properties of the model, which is accomplished through bifurcation and stability investigations and also found the Hamiltonian function. This research makes a substantial contribution to the area by increasing our understanding of soliton solutions in the DDE, introducing novel investigation tools, and carrying out an in-depth investigation of the bifurcation and stability aspects of the system. As a direct result of this research, novel openings have been uncovered for further investigation and application in the various disciplines of science and engineering.
Flower Species Ingredient Verification Using Orthogonal Molecular Methods
Authors: Ragupathy Subramanyam , Thirugnanasambandam Arunachalam , Henry Thomas , Varathan Vinayagam , Ragupathy Sneha , Newmaster Steven G.
Published: August 2023

Flowers are gaining considerable interest by consumers as ingredients in food, beverages, cosmetics, and natural health products. The supply chain trades in multiple forms of botanicals including fresh whole flowers, which are easier to identify than dried flowers or flowers processed as powdered or liquid extracts. There is a gap in the scientific methods available for the verification of flower species ingredients traded in the supply chain of multiple markets. The objective of this paper is to develop methods for flower species ingredient verification using two orthogonal methods. More specifically the objectives of this study employed both 1) DNA based molecular diagnostic methods, and 2) NMR metabolite fingerprint methods in the identification of 23 common flower species ingredients. NMR data analysis reveals considerable information on the variation of metabolites present in different flower species including color variants within species. This study provides a comparison of the benefits and limitations of alternative methods for flower species ingredient supply chain verification needed to support quality assurance. The metabolomic approach provides a basis for understanding the phytochemical structure of natural products that may be eventually linked to efficacy in clinical trials and label claims with respect to health benefits of specific botanical formulations.
Research on the phenomenon and mechanism of rheological instability of PEO water-based solution
Authors: Liang Shunke , Sun Guangyong , Huang Ping
Published: August 2023

During study of non-Newtonian properties of PEO water solutions by using a flat plate rheometer, an unusual oscillation has been found out. In this paper, the reason of the oscillation occurring at the high shear rates is investigated and discussed. After excluding possibilities of turbulence, oil film oscillation and secondary fluid, the cause of the new oscillation has been analyzed in-depth, combining with the non-Newtonian fluid constitutive equations with the limit shear stress. The mechanism of the oscillation is that slippage occurs between the fluid and solid interface because its shear stress has reached the limit. The slippage presents as stick-slip which is a randomized phenomenon with a significant fluctuation property. As the slip region increases, the shear stress oscillation will exacerbate. When the average shear stress is close to the limit shear stress, that is, the slippage occurs on most of the surface, the constitutive curve no longer increases, but may start to decline on the contrary, showing the buckling characteristic. The decrease in shear stress will bring about a decrease of the load-carrying capacity of the lubricant film so as to lead to lubrication failure finally.
S100 A alarmins and Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) regulation in severe asthma following bronchial thermoplasty
Authors: Gagnon Pierre-Alexandre , Klein Martin , Vos John , Biardel Sabrina , Côté Andréanne , Godbout Krystelle , Laviolette Michel , Laprise Catherine , Assou Said , Chakir Jamila
Published: August 2023

Rationale: Severe asthma affects a small proportion of asthmatics but represents a significant healthcare challenge. Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is an interventional treatment approach preconized for uncontrolled severe asthma after considering biologics therapy. Success of the recently approved anti-TSLP and BT in improving asthma control regardless of asthma inflammatory endotype reemphasize the role of bronchial epithelium and its secreted mediators in severe asthma pathophysiology.
Objectives: Identifying new potential pathophysiological pathways relevant to severe asthma and modulated by bronchial thermoplasty.
Methods: In this study we evaluated the transcriptome of cultured bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) of severe asthmatics obtained pre- and post-BT treatment using microarrays. We further validated gene and protein expressions in BECs and in bronchial biopsies with immunohistochemistry pre- and post-BT treatment.
Measurements and main results: Transcriptomics analysis revealed that a large portion of differentially expressed genes (DEG) was involved in anti-viral response, anti-microbial response and pathogen induced cytokine storm signaling pathway. S100A gene family stood out as five members of this family where consistently downregulated post-BT. Further validation revealed that S100A7, S100A8, S100A9 and their receptor (RAGE, TLR4, CD36) expressions were highly enriched in severe asthmatic BECs. Further, these S100A family members were downregulated at the gene and protein levels in BECs and in bronchial biopsies of severe asthmatics post-BT. TLR4 and CD36 protein expression were also reduced in BECs post-BT. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and human b-defensin 2 (hBD2) were significantly decreased while no significant change was observed in IL-25 and IL-33.
Conclusions: These data suggest that BT might improve asthma control by downregulating epithelial derived S100A family expression and related downstream signaling pathways.
Identification of a worker arrestant aggregation pheromone in the Formosan subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus
Authors: Mitaka Yuki , Matsuura Kenji , Akino Toshiharu
Published: August 2023

Pheromones play a pivotal role in coordinating collective activities. Recent research has demonstrated that workers of the Japanese subterranean termite, Reticulitermes speratus, secrete an aggregation pheromone that induces prolonged aggregation of nestmate workers, facilitating efficient dead-wood digestion and colony expansion. The question remains: do other termite species also utilize aggregation pheromones? In this study, we establish that workers of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, also use an aggregation pheromone for sustained aggregation. Through bioassays and gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, we determined that the pheromone possesses arrestant activity but no attractant activity. The primary constituents are four fatty acids: palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid, (Z)-10-heptadecenoic acid, and stearic acid. The inclusion of cholesterol and cuticular hydrocarbons reinforces its arrestant activity. Further, GC-MS examination of wood and soil extracts, which serve as termite food, indicated that nearly all of the aggregation pheromone components likely originate from the workers or their gut symbionts rather than their diet. These findings imply that the arrestant activity of the C. formosanus aggregation pheromone surpasses that of R. speratus and that the unique presence of odd-numbered fatty acids combined with conspecific CHCs ensures the species-specific nature of the aggregation pheromone components. This research sheds light on the pheromonal communication mechanisms driving aggregation behavior in termites.
Antitumor effect of tubeimoside-I on murine colorectal cancers through PKM2-dependent pyroptosis and immunomodulation
Authors: Hu Dongsheng , Cui Lingzhi , Zhang Sijia , He Siqi , Zhuo Yuzhen , Li Dihua , Zhang Lanqiu , Wang Yanli , Yang Lei , Wang Ximo
Published: August 2023

Induction of cancer cell death is a well-established treatment strategy, but many tumors can escape chemotherapy drug-mediated apoptosis. Pyroptosis is a kind of new inflammatory programmed cell death (PCD), which is crucial for immunity of the organism. Tubeimoside- I (TBMS1) is a plant-derived component with antitumor activity. However, the mechanism by which TBMS1 induces pyroptosis to inhibit colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that TBMS1 is able to induce pyroptosis in murine CRC cells, and releases pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, we identified that TBMS1 inhibits cell migration and induces pyroptosis through activation of caspase-3, and cleavage of gasdermin E (GSDME) by inhibiting PKM2. Meanwhile, TBMS1 attenuated the weight of solid tumors, increased the proportion of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and reduced the content of M2 type macrophages in the spleen of tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, TBMS1 restrained M2-like polarization by inhibiting the activation of Stat6 signal pathway in the RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, our results indicated that TBMS1 induces pyroptosis in CRC by targeting PKM2/caspase-3/GSDME signal axis and also regulates antitumor immunity in CRC. This study lays a potential theoretical foundation for the clinical application of TBMS1 in the treatment of CRC.
HHOA_NCA – a Harris Hawk Optimization Algorithm (HHOA) on best possible Node Capture Attack (NCA) in Future WSN for Improving the Security of Ubiquitous Computing Intelligent System
Authors: Khare Ankur , Gupta Rajendra , Shukla Piyush Kumar
Published: August 2023

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is exceedingly predisposed to quite a lot of complex attacks due to confine resource deployment in big network communiqué vicinity. The adversary initiates a node capture attack to future WSN for snatching the private data from ubiquitous computing intelligent system through confiscating vertices (sensor nodes) for cooperating full network. We develop a Harris Hawk Optimization Algorithm for Node Capture Attack (HHOA_NCA) to identify the vertices in ubiquitous computing having higher seizing chance by attack over future network system. HHOA_NCA applies on function sensor node participation with multi objectives such as sensor node key contribution through links, sensor node contribution, sensor node energy cost, distance between sensor nodes and sensor node velocity. Key contribution is the number of keys utilized by vertices. The contribution of sensor nodes is evaluated as the association among all paths and vertices. Sensor node energy cost is obtained on the basis of energy expenditure for packet transmission through vertices over WSN. The distance between two sensor nodes is evaluated using neighbourhood degree. The velocity is measured by the stability time of a sensor node. Simulation is performed in MATLAB 2019a environment and experimental outcomes represent the greater performance of HHOA_NCA based on compromised traffic fraction, power utilization cost, attacking rounds and complexity over future WSN. The results of simulation for ubiquitous computing show that the HHOA_NCA obtains better results than MA, PCA, FGA, MREA, GA, ACO, PSO, FiRAO-PG and FFOA for single and multipath routing based on all performance factors over future network system.
Modification of 316L steel powders with bronze using high energy ball milling for use as a binder component in PBF-LB/M printing of diamond-metal matrix composites
Authors: Tillmann Wolfgang , Ferreira Manuel Pinho
Published: August 2023

For the processing of diamond-metal matrix composites, the powder bed fusion using a laser for metals (PBF-LB/M), represents a new promising method for the additive manufacturing of diamond tools for concrete and rock machining, even with more complicated geometries. Previous research activities show a strong tendency for cracking and delamination during the construction process of the samples. This behavior is caused by thermal residual stresses associated with the embedded diamonds. To control these negative effects on the process side, the volume energy density is reduced accordingly, which, however, led to increased pore formation. This publication deals with an approach on the material side to modify a 316L stainless steel base powder with an addition of 20 wt% bronze via a high energy ball milling (HEBM) process in such a way that a homogeneous solid solution phase is created. A significantly increasing of the melting interval and a decreasing of both solidus and liquidus temperature was observed, which can reduce pore formation in the PBF-LB/M-process . In addition, XRD-diffractometry and SEM/EDS-analysis showed that the homogeneous solid solution phase of this alloyed powder segregates again into Fe- and Cu-rich phases when heated up to the melting point.
An Axial Attention-BiLSTM-based method for predicting the migration of CNC machine tool spindle thermal error under varying working conditions
Authors: Sun Jiacheng , Liu Zhenyu , Qiu Chan , Jiang Zhengyang , Mao Haoyang , He Liang , Tan Jianrong
Published: August 2023

Spindle thermal error is a major factor affecting the machining accuracy of machine tools. The time-consuming experiments required to model the thermal error of each machine tool spindle makes exhaustive studies difficult. Therefore, it is critically important to develop a transferable spindle thermal error prediction model that ensures robustness and accuracy, which provides theoretical guidance for the thermal error compensation and accuracy improvement of different machine tools. To achieve this, this paper proposes a migratory prediction method based on spatial-temporal axial attention bidirectional long short-term memory (Axial Attention-BiLSTM) network to predict the thermal error of computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool spindles under varying working conditions. By analyzing the mechanism of spindle thermal error generation, the spindle system is divided into multiple temperature regions, and the importance of each region is automatically determined by using the Spatial Attention mechanism. At the same time, considering the historical dependence of thermal error, BiLSTM is used to fuse the previous and following time series information and determine the weights of different time steps by Temporal Attention mechanism to strengthen the times series memory of thermal error prediction. An Axial Attention-BiLSTM model for thermal error prediction is built based on the spindle test bench. Compared with the BiLSTM and long short-term memory (LSTM) models, this model shows better and more stable prediction performance when migrated to various working conditions of horizontal CNC grinding machines.
Human tactile sensing and sensorimotor mechanism: from afferent tactile signals to efferent motor control
Authors: Wei Guowu , Wei Yuyang , McGlone Francis , Marshall Andrew , Makdani Adarsh , Zhu Yiming , Yan Lingyun , Ren Lei
Published: August 2023

Despite the recent advances in tactile sensing by low threshold mechanoreceptors, our understanding of human sensorimotor mechanisms, from the afferent tactile input to the efferent motor output controlling forearm muscles and hand manipulations, is still at a basic level. This is largely because of the difficulties in capturing population-level mechano-afferent nerve signals during active touch. The decoding of this sophisticated dynamic relationship as the applicable control algorithm for restoring human-like sensorimotor performance on prosthetics or robotics is a long-term scientific challenge. We use a novel method of integrating the finite element hand and neural dynamic model optimized against microneurography data to predict the group neural response of cutaneous neurons during active touch based on contact biomechanics and membrane transduction dynamics. The neural activation level of the muscle synergy during in-vivo experiments was evaluated using the predicted afferent neural responses. It was firstly found that the dynamic relationship between the afferent tactile signals and neural activation level of forearm muscles could be effectively simplified as transduction functions. The accuracy and applicability of the decoded transduction mechanism were validated by restoring the human-like sensorimotor performance on a tendon-driven biomimetic hand, making a further step toward the application of next-generation prosthetics with neuromorphic tactile feedback. From the transduction functions, it was deduced that human subjects may apply a similar sensorimotor strategy to grasp different objects actively or reactively, and the response time of this closed-loop control can be affected by the size and weight of the object.
Health risk assessment of heavy metals in marine fish caught from the northwest Persian Gulf
Authors: Torabi Solaleh , Gholizadeh Mohammad , Yazarlo Mahsa , Riahi Zahra
Published: August 2023

Due to the presence of metalloids and toxic metals such as cadmium, lead, copper, and zinc in fish tissue, it may endanger health considering the countless benefits of consuming fish, which can harm the human body if consumed in toxic amounts. Therefore, it is vital to monitor the concentration of metals in fish meat to ensure compliance with food safety regulations and, protect the consumer. We considered the levels of Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in 60 marine fish samples (3 species) collected from coastal areas of the northwestern coast of the Persian Gulf and estimated their health risk. Mean concentrations of Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd were 1.88±0.07, 27.16±8.11, 11.55±4.12, 14±0.06, and 0.19 ± 0.03 µg/g wet weight. Estimated average daily intakes (EDIs) for adults and children of Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd were 0.89-4.15, 12.89-60.02, 5.47-25.53, 0.54-2,51 and 0.09-0.42 μg/kg bw/day. Considering that there are different levels of certain elements in marine fish in the Persian Gulf, this study provides suggestions for risk management and a scientific basis for food safety assessment.
A multifunctional optoelectronic device based on 2D material with wide bandgap
Authors: Ding Baofu , Xu Hongwei , Liu Jingwei , Wei Sheng , Luo Jie , Gong Rui , Tian Siyuan , Yang Yiqi , Lei Yukun , Chen Xinman , Wang Jiahong , Zhong Gaokuo , Tang Yongbing , Wang Feng , Cheng Hui-Ming
Published: August 2023

Low-dimensional materials exhibit unique quantum confinement effects and morphologies as a result of their nanoscale size in one or more dimensions, making them exhibit distinctive physical properties compared to bulk counterparts. Among all low-dimensional materials, due to their atomic level thickness, two-dimensional materials possess extremely large shape anisotropy and consequently are speculated to have large optically anisotropic absorption. In this work, we demonstrate an optoelectronic device based on the combination of two-dimensional material and quantum dot with wide bandgap. High-efficient luminescence of carbon quantum dot and extremely large shape anisotropy (>1500) of two-dimensional material with the wide bandgap of >4 eV cooperatively endow the optoelectronic device with multi-functions of optically anisotropic blue-light emission, visible light modulation, wavelength-dependent ultraviolet-light detection as well as blue fluorescent film assemble. This research opens new avenues for constructing multi-function-integrated optoelectronic devices via the combination of nanomaterials with different dimensions.
The role of antimicrobial prophylaxis in laparoscopic nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wei Mengchao , Yang Wenjie , Xu Weifeng , Liu Guanghua , Xie Yi , Dong Jie , Ji Zhigang
Published: August 2023

Background: Antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) is a regular perioperative procedure to prevent postoperative infection. However, the role and standard regimen of AMP in laparoscopic urologic surgery remain controversial. Our study aimed to investigate the role of AMP in laparoscopic nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 1000 patients who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy from August 2019 to November 2021 in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Patients were divided into non-AMP (n = 444) group and AMP (n = 556) group. Outcomes including 30-day postoperative infection rate, the increase rate of pre- and post-operative white blood cell (WBC) counts and hospital stay were analyzed.
Results: The overall infection rate was 5.0% (28/556) in the AMP group, which was similar to 4.1% (18/444) in the non-AMP group (P= 0.461). The increase rate of pre- and post-operative WBC counts was significantly lower (85.5% versus 97.0%) in the AMP group (P = 0.004). The postoperative hospital stay was 5 (4, 6) days in both groups (P = 0.483). Logistic regression analyses identified the use of AMP had no influence on the occurrence of infection events [odds ratio (OR) = 0.797; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.435–1.460; P = 0.462]. Hemoglobin (OR = 0.430; 95% CI, 0.257–0.719; P = 0.001) and partial nephrectomy (OR = 2.292; 95% CI, 1.724–3.046; P < 0.001) influenced the use of AMP independently.
Conclusions: The use of AMP had no impact on postoperative infection in patients receiving laparoscopic nephrectomy for RCC.
Analysis and improvement of human-induced vibration comfort of articulated steel pedestrian bridges
Authors: Yang Shuo , Ning Xiaojun
Published: August 2023

The effect of different pedestrian densities (0.2, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 4.6 persons/m2) is studied, and the comfort level is evaluated according to the acceleration peak, and the most sensitive part of the acceleration response is set up with tuned mass dampers (TMD) for vibration control. The study shows that the bearing capacity level of the pedestrian bridge with articulated piers and columns meets the standard. Compared with the pier-column rigid connection, the structural dynamic characteristics of pier-column articulation do not change much, and the vertical frequency and peak acceleration in the span are slightly smaller. The comfort evaluation results are the same as those of the pier-column rigid pedestrian bridge. The setting of TMD can effectively reduce the human-induced vibration time response, and the vibration reduction efficiency can reach 52%, and the comfort level changes from CL2 to CL1 after vibration reduction.
A DNA damage repair signature predicted immunotherapy response and clinical prognosis in HNSCC
Authors: Ma Zhaoen , Liao Wenjing , Yang Saixuan , Song Lijuan , Zhang Xiaowen
Published: August 2023

Background:
DNA damage repair genes were confirmed to play important role in the tumorigenesis and tumor microenvironment. However, the role of DNA damage repair genes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is scarce
Method:
Gene expression profiles of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC cohort was used to identify the DNA damage repair genes with survival prognosis. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to construct the prognosis model for HNSCC. Survival analysis and receiver operating curve for the HNSCC were used to validate the model. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed to identify the potential pathways associated with the signature model. Gene set enrichment analysis and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm were used to investigate the tumor immune environment and immunotherapy response of HNSCC patients. Finally, nomogram was constructed to validate the clinical usefulness of the signature model.
Result:
We constructed a six-gene DNA damage repair related signature (including DCLRE1C, TOP3B, POLE2, POLD2, ERCC2 and RAD23B). The results of the survival analysis and ROC curve suggested that the signature showed good prognosis value. The risk score based on the signature model was significantly correlated with the immune cell infiltration and expression levels of the immune markers of HNSCC and could predict the immunotherapy response for HNSCC. Finally, a nomogram was constructed and showed good consistent fitness between the predicted and observed values for 1-, 3- and 5-year OS.
Conclusion:
We developed a DNA damage repair signature for HNSCC, which related to survival prognosis and tumor microenvironment, indicating its usage for clinical management.
Chaetoglobosin A induces T-24 apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells through oxidative stress and MAPK/PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway
Authors: Song Jia , Qiao Jinyu , Chen Mingxue , Li Jiahui , Wang Jixia , Yu Dayong , Zheng Huachuan , Shi Liying
Published: August 2023

Chaetoglobosin A (ChA) is an antitumor compound produced by Chaetomium globosum. However, the mechanism of its antitumor effect has been rarely reported. In this study, we evaluated the anti-proliferative effect of ChA on human bladder cancer T-24 cells and explored its mechanism of action. ChA was found to have a good inhibitory effect on T-24 cells by MTT assay with an IC50 value of 48.14 ± 10.25 µΜ. Moreover, it was found to have a migration inhibitory ability and a sustained proliferation inhibitory effect on tumor cells by cell aggregation assay and cell migration assay. The appearance of apoptotic morphology was observed by Hoechst 33342 staining after ChA (25, 50, 75 µΜ) treatment, while Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining assay also demonstrated that the number of apoptotic cells increased with the increase of drug concentration. Flow cytometry results showed that ChA treatment increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in T-24 cells and inhibited cell mitosis, resulting in an increase in the number of sub-G1 phase cells. Further Western Blot experiments demonstrated that MAPK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways were activated after drug treatment in addition to endogenous and exogenous apoptotic pathways. The addition of the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) upregulated the expression level of Bcl-2 protein, decreased p38 phosphorylation, increased ERK phosphorylation and restored the levels of PI3K and p-mTOR after ChA treatment. These suggest that regulation of oxidative stress, MAPK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathways affect apoptosis.
Characteristics of HPV Integration in Cervical Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Carcinoma
Authors: Bi Yuxin , Hu Junbo , Zeng Ling , Chen Gang , Cao Huang , Wu Xufeng , Ma Quanfu
Published: August 2023

Purpose
HPV integration usually occur in HPV-related cancer, and is the main cause of cancer. But the carcinogenic mechanism of HPV integration is unclear. The study aims to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the pathogenesis of cervical adenocarcinoma (AC) and cervical squamous carcinoma (SCC).
Methods
We used HPV capture sequencing to obtain HPV integration sites in AC and SCC, and analyzed cytobands, distribution of genetic and genomic elements, identified integration hotspot genes, and performed pathway analysis.
Results
The results revealed that the most frequently observed integrated cytoband was 8q24.21 in AC and 21p11.2 in SCC, respectively. The breakpoints in both AC and SCC were more tended to occur within gene regions, compared to intergenetic regions. Compared to SCC samples, AC samples had a higher prevalence of genomic elements. Hotspot genes of HPV integration were STARD3 and ERBB2 in AC, and RNA45S rDNA and MIR3648-1 in SCC, respectively.
Conclusion
These results suggest that overexpression of viral oncogenes plays a significant role in the carcinogenesis of SCC. In AC, HPV integration may affect hosts’ oncogenes, and the dysregulation of oncogenes primarily contributes to progression of AC. Our analysis highlights STARD3 as a novel candidate biomarker of AC.
X Chromosome Rearrangement Associated with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency as Diagnosed by Molecular Cytogenetic Methods: A Case Reportand review of the literature
Authors: Peng Zhifang , Yang Renqi , Liu Qing , Chen Binbin , Long Panpan
Published: August 2023

Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a clinical condition characterized by ovarian dysfunction in women under 40. The etiology of most POI cases remains unidentified and is believed to be multifactorial, including factors such as autoimmunity, metabolism, infection, and genetics. POI exhibits significant genetic heterogeneity, and it can result from chromosomal abnormalities and monogenic defects.
Case presentation: The study participant, a 33-year-old woman, presented with a history of irregular menstruation that commenced two years ago, progressing to prolonged menstrual episodes and eventual cessation. The participant exhibits a rearrangement of the X chromosome, characterized by heterozygosity duplication on the long arm and heterozygosity deletion on the short arm by whole exome sequencing(WES) combined with cell chromosome detection.
Conclusions: This study expands the spectrum of mutations associated with POI resulting from X chromosomal abnormalities. WES-Copy number variation (CNV) analysis, in conjunction with chromosome karyotype analysis and other detection techniques, can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the genetic landscape underlying complex single or multi-system diseases.
Does bilateral Wilms' tumor involving the collecting system in children have a worse prognosis?
Authors: Fang YiWei , Sun Ning , Song HongCheng , Zhang WeiPing , Li Ning , Yang Yang
Published: August 2023

Objective
To summarize the clinical characteristics, treatment methods and prognosis of bilateral Wilms' tumor (BWT) in children involving the collecting system.
Methods
Patients with BWT admitted to our pediatric surgery center between January 2008 and June 2022 were reviewed. Children were grouped according to the relationship between the tumor and the collecting system. Group Ⅰ included children with tumor infiltrating the collecting system, group Ⅱ included children with tumor growing into the collecting system, and group Ⅲ included children whose tumor did not involve the collecting system. The clinical features, treatments and prognosis of the patients were analyzed.
Results
Seventy patients were enrolled, including 20 patients with 25 sides of tumors infiltrating the collecting system in group Ⅰ,10 patients with 13 sides of tumors growing into the collecting system in group Ⅱ, and 40 patients in group III. There was no significant difference in patients age and gender between group I and group II. In total, 20 patients in group Ⅰ and 9 patients in group II had partial response (PR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In group I, 22 of 25 sides of tumors underwent nephron-sparing surgery (NSS); in group Ⅱ, 11 of 13 sides of tumors underwent NSS. During an average follow-up of 47 months, in group I, 6/20 patients relapsed and 2/20 patients died; in group Ⅱ, 3/10 patients relapsed and 1/10 patient died. There was no significant difference in 4-year overall survival (OS) rate among groups I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ(86.36% vs. 85.71%vs. 91.40%, P = 0.902).
Conclusions
To preserve renal parenchyma, NSS is feasible for children with BWT involving the collecting system. There was no significant difference in postoperative long-term OS between patients with BWT involving the collecting system and not involving the collecting system.
Analysis of land use/cover changes using the concepts of ecosystem services for the ecological security assessment of Lavasanat watershed (Tehran, Iran)
Authors: moarrab Yasser , Amiri Mohammad Javad , Jadidi Mahnaz
Published: August 2023

Recent years have seen growing interest in the use of the concepts of ecosystem services in ecological security assessments. This study analyzed the temporal-spatial changes of land use/cover in Lavasanat watershed, Tehran, Iran, between the years 2000 and 2040 under different land-use change scenarios, and assessed the consequent change in ecological security in terms of ecosystem services (water yield) under different climate scenarios. First, the LULC map of the watershed for the 20 year period between 2000 and 2020 was generated. Then, the area’s LULC changes from 2020 to 2040 were predicted based on the assumption of the continuation of current conditions, which was named Scenario S1. Next, three other scenarios named S2, S3, and S4, representing the pessimistic, realistic, and optimistic management of the situation were defined based on S1. Three climate scenarios named B1, N and M were also defined for use in the assessments. For ecological security assessments, temporal and spatial changes of water yield services for the years 2000, 2010 and 2020 were simulated based on the area’s climate data and LULC changes. The results were then used to estimate the water yield of the entire watershed and its residential areas by 2040 in the four defined land-use/cover scenarios (S1, S2, S3, and S4) and three climate scenarios (B1, N, and M). The results showed a 1.92 times increase in the water yield of the watershed’s residential areas from 2000 to 2020. Among the scenarios defined for Lavasanat watershed, the worst scenario (with the highest water yield) was S2N with a water yield of 37639293.581m3 in the entire watershed and 35091082.311m3 in the residential areas, and the best scenario (with the lowest water yield) was S4M with a water yield of 8329365.079m3 in the entire watershed and 7353006.022m3 in the residential areas. The results of all of the four land-use/cover scenarios under all three climate scenarios showed an increase in water yield, the expansion of residential areas, and the loss of ecologically valuable lands in the watershed by 2040.
Invasive FoxM1 phosphorylated by PLK1 induces the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages to promote immune escape and metastasis, amplified by IFITM1
Authors: Xu Rong , Lee Young-Joo , Kim Chang-Hyeon , Min Ga-Hong , Kim Yeo-Bin , Park Jung-Won , Kim Dae-Hoon , Kim Jung-Hyun , Yim Hyungshin
Published: August 2023

Background
Understanding the mechanism behind immune cell plasticity in cancer metastasis is crucial for identifying key regulators. Previously we found that mitotic factors regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition, but how these factors convert to metastatic players in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is not fully understood.
Methods
The clinical importance of mitotic factors was analyzed by heatmap analysis and a KM plot in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Immunoprecipitation, LC-MS/MS, kinase assay, and site-directed mutagenesis were performed for the interaction and phosphorylation. A tail-vein injection mouse model, Transwell-based 3D culture, microarray analysis, coculture with monocytes, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to elucidate the function of phosphorylated FoxM1 in metastasis of TME.
Results
The phosphorylated FoxM1 at Ser25 by PLK1 acquires the reprogramming ability to stimulate the invasive traits in cancer and influence immune cell plasticity. This invasive form of p-FoxM1 upregulates the expression of IL1A/1B, VEGFA, and IL6 by direct activation, recruiting monocytes and promoting the polarization of M2d-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Upregulation of PD-L1 in LUAD having phosphomimetic FoxM1 facilitates immune evasion. In invasive LUAD with phosphomimetic FoxM1, IFITM1 is the most highly expressed through the activation of the STING-TBK1-IRF3 signaling, which enhances FoxM1-mediated signaling. Clinically, higher expression of FOXM1, PLK1, and IFITM1 is inversely correlated with the survival rate of advanced LUAD patients, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of LUAD.
Conclusion
FoxM1-based therapy would be a potential therapeutic strategy for LUAD to reduce TAM polarization, immune escape, and metastasis, since FoxM1 functions as a genetic reprogramming factor reinforcing LUAD malignancy in the TME.
Characteristics of pulmonary artery catheter use in multicenter ICUs in Japan and the association with mortality: a multicenter cohort study using the Japanese Intensive care PAtient Database
Authors: Fukano Kentaro , Iizuka Yusuke , Nishiyama Seiya , Yoshinaga Koichi , Uchino Shigehiko , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Sanui Masamitsu
Published: August 2023

Background: It has been 50 years since the pulmonary artery catheter was introduced, but the actual use of pulmonary artery catheters in recent years is unknown. Some randomized controlled trials have reported no causality with mortality, but some observational studies have been published showing an association with mortality for patients with cardiogenic shock, and the association with a pulmonary artery catheter and mortality is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the utilization of pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) in the intensive care unit (ICU) and to examine their association with mortality, taking into account differences between hospitals.
Methods: This is a retrospective analysis using the Japanese Intensive care PAtient Database (JIPAD), a multicenter, prospective, observational registry in Japanese ICUs. We included patients aged 16 years or older who were admitted to the ICU for reasons other than procedures. We excluded patients who were discharged within 24 hours, or had missing values. We compared the prognosis of patients with and without PAC. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. We performed propensity score analysis to adjust for baseline characteristics and hospital characteristics.
Results: Among 184,705 patients in this registry from April 2015 to December 2020, 59,922 patients were included in the analysis. Most patients (94.0%) using PAC had cardiovascular disease. There was a wide variation in the frequency of PAC use between hospitals, from 0% to 60.3% (median 14.4%, interquartile range 2.2 to 28.6%). Hospital mortality was not significantly different between the PAC use group and the non-PAC use group in patients after adjustment for propensity score analysis (3.9% vs 4.3%; difference, -0.4%; 95% CI, -1.1 to 0.3; p=0.32). Among patients with cardiac disease, those with post open-heart surgery and those in shock, hospital mortality was also not significantly different between the two groups (3.4% vs 3.7%, p = 0.45, 1.7% vs 1.7%, p = 0.93, 4.8% vs 4.9%, p = 0.87).
Conclusions: The frequency of PAC use varied among hospitals. PAC use for ICU patients was not associated with lower hospital mortality after adjusting for differences between hospitals.
Peptidomimetics for CVD screened via TRADD-TRAF2 complex interface assessments
Authors: Alagumuthu Manikandan , S Jeevitha , Vusa Laharika
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to screen and develop a few Peptidomimetics to treat Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD). Designed peptidomimetics from peptides generated from the protein interacting region of TRADD (Tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein) and TRAF2 (TNF receptor-associated factor 2) complex which is critical in Atherosclerosis (AS) pathogenesis as it assists in a series of signal transducers that activates NF-κB. The triggered NF-κB makes an extensive amount of nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which boons the progress of AS. The examined TRADD-TRAF2 complex (PDB ID: 1F3V) from the previous study indicates that the sequence range W11-G165 of TRADD highly interacts with TRAF2. The sequence was selected for inhibitory peptide design. Further, the selected sequence was mutated with the alanine sequence to have a variety of peptide ranges. And with the help of different silicon tools, the top three, MIP11-25l, MIP131-143h, and MIP149-164m showed the best interaction with critical residue. pepMMsMIMIC is a virtual screening tool mainly based on a multi-conformers three-dimensional (3D)-similarity search strategy. 600 peptidomimetics were identified & retrieved for further screening over molecular docking and MD (Molecular Dynamics) simulations. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and ADMET predictions also applied in order to validate the screened peptidomimetics compounds druggability. In the results, pepmimic compounds MMs03918858 and MMs03927281 with binding energy values of -9.6 kcal/mol and − 9.1 kcal/mol respectively were screened as best and are proposed for further pre-clinical studies.
High-performance pyrite nano-catalyst driven photothermal/chemodynamic synergistic therapy for Osteosarcoma
Authors: Li Meirong , Wang Minghua , Huang Junfeng , Tang Shiqi , Yang Jingyu , Xu Zhourui , Xu Gaixia , Chen Xin , Liu Jia , Yang Chengbin
Published: August 2023

Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone tumor with strong invasiveness, rapid metastasis and dreadful mortality. Chemotherapy is commonly used approach for OS treatment but was limited by the development of drug resistance and long-term adverse effects. To date, OS still lack the curative treatment. Herein, we fabricated pyrite-based nanoparticles (FeS2@CP NPs) as synergetic therapeutic platform by integrating photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemo-dynamic therapy (CDT) into one system. The synthetic FeS2@CP NPs showed superior Fenton reaction catalytic activity. FeS2@CP NPs-based CDT efficaciously eradicated the tumor cells by initiating double killing-effect of apoptosis and ferroptosis. Furthermore, the generated heat from FeS2@CP under near-infrared region II (NIR II) laser irradiation could not only inhibit tumors growth, but also promote tumor cell apoptosis and ferroptosis by accelerating •OH production and GSH depletion. Finally, the photothermal/NIR II-enhanced CDT synergistic therapy show excellent osteosarcoma treatment effect both in vitro and in vivo with negligible side effects. Overall, this work provided a high-performance and multifunctional Fenton catalyst for osteosarcoma synergistic therapy, which provided a pathway for the clinical application of PTT augmented CDT.