bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catching Up With BIM: A Curriculum Re-Design Strategy
Authors: ACIKGOZ ECE KUMKALE
Published: October 2018

BIM has been discussed widely for enabling collaboration in AEC professions. Its widespread benefits from efficiency to sustainability in design and construction converted it into a primary tool in most AEC education institutions in the last decade. However, Turkey, like a part of central Europe, remains hesitant in this concern. The majority of schools of architecture have conventional curricula based on fragmented areas of expertise studied separately with disconnected contents, teaching methods, and requirements. This separation not only prevents the students from building links between different contents of sustainable design but also increases their workload while decreasing their creative potential. Regarding the necessity for collaboration in the growing complexity of built environments, underdeveloped skills in building links between fragmented databases is eventually becoming a serious problem.  This study is expected to demonstrate how provoking the skill to employ BIM can be to integrate creative educational experience in architecture, at the centre of which remains the design studio. The discussion concludes by suggesting pathways to catch up with the growing gap between the global evolutions of interdisciplinary and integral design thinking through the use of BIM in AEC education.
A Comparative Analysis On User Satisfaction In Closed And Open Office Buildings: Case Study Of Some Selected Buildings In Abuja
Authors: Adeola Obasanjo Owoyale , Jonathan Kwaya Barka , Alfa Mohammed Tauheed
Published: October 2018

Many organizations and industries around the world have their own preference for office type base on the nature of services to be rendered. Office building without employee’s satisfaction can adversely affect their performances at their places of work. Open office is an office that has large open space with no partitionable walls but providing workstation for each employee within the open space while the close office is the type with solid walls or frames as partitions with doors which open to each office. It is in light of this that the design of office becomes imperative to both employers and architects. The aim of this study is to investigate user satisfaction and preferences in office buildings, in other to proffer appropriate design suggestion and recommendation that can be used when providing office to employees. A survey is adopted through the aid of administered questionnaire to respondents, and the results are therefore analysed using the simple statistical tool. Findings from the study reveal users satisfaction and preference for open office layout, it further reveals efficiency in users productivity due to its effectiveness in communication, knowledge sharing, space-saving, cost-saving and flexibility in managerial activities. The study, therefore, creates a correlation between findings conducted by other researchers over the years concerning the provision of office for employees their preference and satisfaction for open office buildings.
Embracing Today’s Economic And Technological Reality What It Means For Design Professionals
Authors: GUNEY YASEMIN INCE
Published: October 2018

History has shown that technological advancements alter the way we produce, exchange, protect, consume and save all kinds of goods. The First Industrial Revolution, for example, has been named as such since it indeed revolutionized everything related to daily living including art, culture, economy and politics. History has also shown that most cultural actors are reluctant to embrace advanced technology at first as they might see it as taking away something at the core of humanity. Arts and Crafts movement, for example, grew out of a concern for the effects of industrialization on design, on traditional skills and on the lives of ordinary people. Today, economists, scientists and policymakers in developing countries are talking about the coming of the fourth industrial revolution and the Second Machine Age, that not only will redefine the way humans live their daily life but also the very definition of human beings. The aim of this study is to discuss the effects of these changes on theoretical and practical issues related to design professionals and education, including advanced technologies available and social and cultural implications of their use. The paper will argue that today’s economic and technological reality will alter the design profession from its education to its implementation.
Optimization Of Urban Street Lighting Conditions Focusing On Energy Saving, Safety And Users’ Needs
Authors: Skandali Christina , Lambiri Y S
Published: October 2018

The outdoor lighting constitutes a significant part of the night activities of people in contemporary cities. Nevertheless, in many cases, this may result in the increasing and irrational use of it affecting the users of public areas, the environment and driving safety. The subject of this paper is to extend the discussion on the subject, to provide answers and to suggest methods for the improvement of the existing conditions in urban street lighting through the use of new technologies and smart lighting management systems, with the aim of achieving a smooth relationship between the user’s needs, safety, sustainability, quality of life and energy saving.
Qur’anic Therapy (Islamic Bibliotherapy) To Improve Religious Coping In Hemodialysis Patient
Authors: Dewi Inggriane Puspita , Widiyanti Anggriyana Tri
Published: October 2018

Patients with chronic kidney disease and receiving hemodialysis,  they will deal with chronic stress related to time restriction, financial and functional limitations, dietary restrictions, and drug side effects.  The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of psychoreligius therapy: Qur'anic therapy (Islamic bibliotherapy) on the religious coping of hemodialysis patients. The study was conducted at Al-Islam Bandung Hospital used  pre-experimental with pre and post-test design. We used purposive sampling, 22 sample, they were 5 years undergoing hemodialysis, able to read and Muslim. Psychological Measure of Islamic Religiousness (PMIR) to measure religious coping with a correlation coefficient of 0.88. ). The sample was given reading with sincere themes, patience, gratitude according to al-Qur' values for 1 month (8 reading themes), about 30 minutes, religious coping measured before and after the intervention. There was a significant effect of the intervention of Quranic therapy on religious coping (p = 0.048 , the analysis used Paired T-test. Islamic psychoreligius Therapy: Qur'anic Therapy promoted to improve religious and coping skills in hemodialysis patients through Quranic Therapy. Therefore, in cases of chronic diseases such as chronic renal failure, nurses should apply a holistic care approach with emphasis on spirituality-based intervention.
Performance of Alfalfa under Different Intercropping Treatments
Authors: BAŞARAN Uğur , GÜLÜMSER Erdem , ÇOPUR DOĞRUSÖZ Medine , MUT Hanife
Published: October 2018

This study was aimed to determinate the yield and
quality pattern of alfalfa stand under different intercropping treatments.
Alfalfa was intercropped with sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, soybean, cowpea, and
buckwheat at seed ratio of 100%:100%, 100%:80% or 100%:60%, and 100% alfalfa
was used as control. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design
with three replications and conducted at the research field of Yozgat Bozok
University located in inner Anatolia, Yozgat-Turkey. Alfalfa and companion
crops were sown as binary mixtures with 60 cm row distance in the spring of
2015.  All the data was collected in the
establishment year and the first production year (2016). Hay yield, protein
yield, ADF (Acid detergent fiber), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), Ca, Mg, P and
K content were investigated in all the treatments. Alfalfa intercropped
sorghum-sudangrass hybrid at 100%:60% seed ratio produced the highest hay yield
both in the establishment year (18.25 t ha-1) and the first
production year (17.91 t ha-1). This study showed that intercropping
increased hay and protein yield of alfalfa stand compare to sole alfalfa with
the significant effect of companion crop and seed ratio.
The Effects of Different Doses of Cattle Manure on Yield and Yield Components as Second Crop Organic Soybean Production
Authors: CEVHERİ Cevher İlhan , YILMAZ Ahmet
Published: October 2018

Soybean {Glycine
max (L.) Merill} is not only an important food source containing fat,
protein, carbohydrate and minerals but also an important industrial plant
providing raw material for many industries. Organic farming is an important
element for sustainability of farming, protection of environment, and reduction
of chemical fertilizers usage. Soybean, like other legumes, has rhizobium
bacteria in its roots providing nitrogen and organic materials which facilitate
the sustainability of organic farming. This study was conducted with the aim of
researching the effects of the organic cattle manure doses on yield and yield
elements of soybean under semi-arid climatic conditions in organic farming. In
this study, organic cattle manure with the doses of 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000
kg ha-1 were applied to Adasoy Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill] cultivar under the second crop conditions.
There search was conducted according to the random blocks experimental design
with three replications during 2013 and 2014. In results obtained from the
two-years study determined that the seed yield varied between 1678.9 and 2611.8
kg ha-1; plant height varied between 87.00 and 112.00 cm; number of
branches  per  plant varied between 3.04 and 6.28; first pod
height varied between 7.68 and 12.81 cm; number of pod per plant varied between
103.83 and 138.66 per plant-1; protein ratio varied between 39.31%
and 41.74%; 100 seeds  weight varied
between 12.49 g and 15.28 g; and oil ratio varied between 20.51% to 21.91%. According to the
results of correlation analysis, positive and important correlations between
seed yield with number of branches per plant (r=0.4964**), and number of pod
per plant (r=0.4964*) and 100 seeds weight (r=0.5782**) were observed.
Natural Heritage in the Republic of Kosovo: Looking for Potential UNESCO Sites
Authors: Mustafa Behxhet , Hajdari Avni , Mustafa Valmir , Pulaj Bledar
Published: October 2018

In addition to cultural heritage values, Kosovo is characterised by natural heritage values; these values identify different areas in Kosovo as potential sites for protection under UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) program and the Convention Concerning the Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage. These natural values (i.e. geomorphological, hydrological, biodiversity- and ecosystem-related) are found mainly in the massifs of Kosovo’s four mountain ranges, i.e. the Sharr Mountains, the Bjeshket e Nemuna (Albanian Alps), the Koritnik Mountains, and the Pashtrik Mountains. These regions provide the largest number of potential sites for nomination to the World Heritage List or the MAB program.Of the natural heritage values, 19 geomorphological areas of international importance were identified; additionally, 3 areas had regional (Balkan) importance, and 19 sites were caves. Furthermore, 152 glacial and nival lakes and a bifurcation (i.e. hydrological values), approximately 200 species and subspecies that are endemic to the Balkans, 8 locally endemic, 9 endemic and endemic-relict plant associations and 1 endemic animal species (i.e. biodiversity values), and ancient Beech forests (i.e. ecosystem values) were considered for conservation.Consideration of the above mentioned areas for protection under UNESCO would provide a legal framework for the protection of natural and cultural values in Kosovo as well as support their sustainable development.Additionally, protecting these areas would promote the development of environmental and educational projects and training as well as the research and monitoring of issues related to nature conservation and sustainable development at local, regional and international levels.
Effects of landscape evolution stages on soil properties distribution in Yancheng National Nature Reserve, China
Authors: WANG Juan , Lİ Yufeng , LİU Hongyu
Published: October 2018

A typical wetland in the core
area of Yancheng National Nature Reserve was chosen as study area. Using three
periods of remote sensing images in 1992, 2002 and 2011, different successional
stages of landscape have been discerned. And then by employing a
space-for-time substitution approach, related environmental factors of soil was
analyzed. The analysis results showed that the landscape types and its
successional time were the important
factors that influenced the spatial distributions of soil characteristic. The
detailed results revealed: (1) The Spartina marsh succession time was longer, more reduction
effect of soil water and salt content, more with the accumulation effect on
soil nutrients; (2) The Suaeda marsh
succession time was longer, more accumulation of soil water and salt content,
more with the weakening effect on soil nutrients; (3) The moisture, salinity of
soil decreased more and more, soil nutrient increased more and more as the grass
marsh existed longer time. This study could help us to evaluate the degradation
of wetland and the effect of wetland restoration, as well as to help us to
achieve the balance between utilization and reservation.
Flora of Gürün district (Sivas) and its immediate surroundings
Authors: BOZKURT Selvinaz Gülçin , AKKEMİK Ünal
Published: October 2018

This study was carried out in order to reveal the flora of
Sivas-Gürün county center and its environs which are located in Iran-Turan
flora region and are under the influence of continental climate. In the field
of research, between 2012 and 2015, 328 genera and 661 plant taxa belonging to
82 families were identified as a result of field studies carried out during the
vegetation periods. 80 of these taxa are endemic. 10 of the families containing
highest taxa were identified as Asteraceae (76 taxa, 14%), Fabaceae (46 taxa,
8%), Brassicaceae (45 taxa, 8%), Labiatae (44 taxa, 8% (42 taxa, 8%),
Caryophyllaceae (26 taxa, 5%), and Scrophulariaceae (21 taxa, 4%) respectively.
The phytogeographical distribution of the identified
taxa consist of: 154 taxa (28%) Iranian-Turanian element, 35 taxa (6.4%)
European-Siberian element and 16 taxa (3%) Mediterranean. Both of identified
taxa are cosmopolitan. 148 taxa identified in the study were determined as new
records for B6 square. As a result, Gürün county and its environs are very rich
in terms of floristics and they are typical representatives of Iran-Turan flora
region.
Climate change impacts on the potential distribution of Taxus baccata L. in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Bolkar Mountains (Turkey) from Last Glacial Maximum to the future
Authors: KOÇ Derya Evrim , SVENNİNG Jens Christian , AVCI Meral
Published: October 2018

The Pleistocene is an important period for assessing the effects of climate change on biological diversity. In the beginning of this period, many tree species disappeared in the flora of Europe, with ongoing, but smaller losses later, and many tree species exhibiting repeated strong range shifts mostly at the end of the period. It is thought that some areas will be more affected from possible climate change. The Mediterranean Basin is the most important among the mentioned sensitive areas. Species with scattered, relict populations in the region would be more affected by future climate change. One such species is Taxus baccata. Taxus baccata, which is distributed throughout the temperate zones of Northern hemisphere, is the only species of Taxus to be naturally distributed in Turkey. Apart from its general dispersal area in the north of Turkey, Taxus baccata is seen in small groups in protected local areas in southern Anatolia.The aim of this study is to determine the potential effects of past and future climate change on the distribution of Taxus baccata in Bolkar Mountains, using species distribution modelling. We studied how the potential distribution has been affected by the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climate and the subsequent climate shift to the present, and it can be expected to be affected by future climate change, as represented by a range of future climate change scenarios. For this purpose, Maxent is used for determining the distribution of Taxus baccata. Our Maxent model results show that the AUC values are calculated as 0,85 and 0,80 in sequence.                Our results show that the Taxus baccata would have found suitable conditions in the Bolkar Mountains area even during the LGM, pointing to this as an important refuge area. With also find that the potential distribution in Kadincik Valley (on the southern slope of Bolkar Mountains) of Taxus baccata has been reduced with the shift to a Holocene climate, and the distribution in Taurus Mountains is likely diminish even further under future climate change.

Our results show that Taxus baccata is a cool-climate relict in southern Turkey and that its distribution is likely to come under further pressure from future climate change. This situation is likely shared with many other temperate plant species persisting with small populations in mountain areas in the region.
Divergence Network: Graphical calculation method of divergence functions
Authors: Nishiyama Tomohiro
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we introduce directed networks called ``divergence network'' in order to perform graphical calculation of divergence functions.By using the divergence networks, we can easily understand the geometric meaning of calculation results and grasp relations among divergence functions intuitively.
Grand Unified Theories of the brain need better understanding of behavior: the two-tiered emergence of function.
Authors: Jirsa VIktor , McIntosh Anthony Randal , Huys Raoul
Published: October 2018

Over the last few decades, neuroscience, and various associated disciples, has expanded enormously in terms of output, tools, methods, concepts and large-scale projects. In spite of these developments, the principles underlying brain function and behavior are of yet only partially understood. We claim that brain functioning requires the elucidation of the rules associated with all possible task realizations, rather than targeting the activity underlying a specific realization. A first step into that direction was taken by approaches focusing on dynamical structures underlying task performances, as exemplified by Coordination Dynamics. Theoretically, this approach is founded on Haken’s Synergetics, which provides a mechanism through which the degrees of freedom associated with high-dimensional systems may be effectively reduced to one or a few functional ones. This dimensionality reduction, however, is only valid in the vicinity of phase transitions, which severely limits the framework’s domain of explanation. This limitation does not hold for the recently advanced framework of Structured Flows on Manifolds (SFM), which is similar in spirit yet complementary to Synergetics. Following novel theoretical work on the onset, propagation, and offset of epileptic seizures, we expand the SFM framework, and propose that the resulting two-tiered fast-slow dynamics may be a generic mathematical organization underlying and linking brain and behavior.
An introductory concept of evidence for medicine
Authors: Phelan Patrick S.
Published: October 2018

An evidence-as-property approach is proposed as an improvement to the conventional curriculum in evidence-based medicine.
Cara Mensintesiskan Literature Review Dalam Penelitian
Authors: Rahayu Titik , Syafril Syafrimen
Published: October 2018

Melakukan literature review dalam penelitian merupakan satu keniscayaan yang mesti dilakukan oleh peneliti. Proses sintesis terhadap berbagai teori, pandangan dan hasil kajian sebelumnya perlu dilakukan dengan baik untuk tujuan tersebut. Konsep ini coba memberikan contoh ataupun cara melakukan síntesis dalam melakukan literature review. Di sini diberikan contoh tentang pemikiran komputasional. Untuk memudahkan melakukan itu, bisa dilakukan dengan mengambil poin-poin atau kata kunci-kata kunci yang digunakan oleh penulis dalam mengemukakan konsep mereka. Seterusnya setiap konsep yang sama atau memiliki makna yang lebih kurang sama, boleh kita sintesiskan menjadi satu ide, sehingga dalam melaporkan kita tidak perlu berulang. Dalam melakukan penelitian ilmiyah, sebenarnya yang kita kutip itu adalah “ide” bukan mengulang penulisan semua yang ditulis oleh penulis sebelum kita. Begitulah seterusnya proses yang perlu kita lakukan dalam mengambil berbagai ide orang lain untuk dimasukan ke dalam penulisan kita. Pekerjaan mensintesiskan berbagai pandangan orang lain ini akan lebih mudah dilakukan dengan menggunakan software NVIVO.
Four Ways of Fine Motor Skills Development in Early Childhood
Authors: Syafril Syafrimen , Susanti Ria , Fiah Rifda El , Rahayu Titik , Pahrudin Agus , Erlina Nova , Ishak Noriah Mohd.
Published: October 2018

Fine motor skill is the ability to control movement through activities coordination of nervous system, fibril, and muscles such as fingers and hands. Fine motor skill is also seen as a very important factor in the process of developing cognitive abilities in early childhood. This study aims to see how to develop fine motor skills in early childhood. The study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach (multi case single site case study design) involving 2 teachers. Data were collected through observation and interviews, then analyzed thematically using NVIVO 10 software. The results showed that fine motor skill development was carried out using the method of assignment in four ways: (i) Providing tools and materials, (ii) providing direction and opportunities for practice, (iii) observe children individually and in groups, (iv) evaluate their fine motor skill development on an ongoing basis. This study shows that these four ways can be used as an alternative in developing fine motor skill in early childhood.
Fuzzy Logic Based Controller for Buck Converter
Authors: Asnil  , Habibullah  , Husnaini Irma
Published: October 2018

This research aims to make buck converter prototype for PLTS system by using fuzzy logic controller. Buck converter is required in the PLTS system if the required unidirectional voltage is smaller than the output voltage of the solar cell. Buck converter used to convert 24 Volt dc voltage to 12 Volt dc with 60 watt capability. While fuzzy logic controller is used to improve buck converter performance based on pulse generation technique for switching. The application of fuzzy logic method is expected to improve the performance of the system by maintaining the stability of buck converter output voltage of 12 volts and reduce the output ripple value. Atmega8535 microcontroller is used to generate PWM pulses for switching on power circuits.
Sur les crânes et ossements des Eyzies
Authors: Broca P.
Published: October 2018

(par Arnaud Hurel) Dans cet article, Paul Broca fixe le type de Cro-Magnon. Le 10 avril 1868, L’Écho de la Dordogne annonce une « découverte scientifique de la plus haute importance » : la mise au jour aux Eyzies-de-Tayac de sept squelettes humains « qui appartiennent évidemment à l’époque dite de l’âge de pierre ». Trois semaines plus tôt, des ouvriers ont mis au jour de façon fortuite des restes humains fossiles. Le 25 mars, à la demande du ministre de l’Instruction publique Victor Duruy (1811-1894), le géologue Louis Lartet (1840-1899) entame une fouille de ce qui va devenir l’illustre abri Cro-Magnon. Il y distingue plusieurs niveaux archéologiques et dégage les ossements de quatre adultes et un enfant associés à des artefacts. Après une première présentation au congrès de sociétés savantes en avril 1868, Lartet expose en mai les hommes de Cro- Magnon à la Société d’Anthropologie de Paris où ils vont être l’objet d’intenses discussions lors de quatre séances (21 mai, 4 et 18 juin, 16 juillet). L’étude princeps des crânes de Cro-Magnon proposée par Paul Broca (1824-1880) va fixer pour plusieurs décennies l’image des hommes de Cro- Magnon et en arrêter le type racial ; ce terme de race étant compris, dans l’esprit de Broca, dans une perspective polygéniste (pluralité d’espèces humaines). Son analyse essentiellement anthropométrique s’insère dans les débats qui l’opposent à Franz Pruner-Bey (1808-1882) sur la classification des populations humaines entre dolichocéphales et brachycéphales. Pour Broca, la population primitive représentée par les hommes de Cro-Magnon n’était ni brachycéphale ni mongoloïde. Ces individus, qui auraient constitué le peuple autochtone français, étaient dolichocéphales, de belle stature, au cerveau volumineux et de moeurs élevées, car ayant la « culture des arts ». Les BMSAP reproduisent ici in extenso cet article à l’occasion des 150 ans de la découverte des « Hommes de Cro-Magnon ». Redécouvrir cette publication de 1868 permet de comprendre comment ces vénérables ossements se trouvèrent alors mobilisés au service d’une anthropologie mêlant hommes fossiles et hommes actuels dans une même perspective classificatoire (raciologique).
EVALUATION OF MERCHANDISE INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM AT MINI MARKET SARIBU RUMAH GADANG
Authors: Pitoyo Rubianto
Published: October 2018

Mini market saribu rumah gadang is business unit whose operstions have been using smile infent software,which is a software to operate the purchase system and merchandise sales system. The inventory management of mini market saribu rumah gadang has not produced adequate inventory information for decision making. Good system must have internal control to avoid errors or fraud that may occurs by employee. Internal control system includes organizational structure, methods, and measures of size in coordination and aims to maintain wealth of the organization. The results of this research is intetnal control system of mini market saribu rumah gafang is still not running maximally, especially in enviroment control and procedure control which causing phisically loss of merchandise
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE COMPANY BEFORE AND AFTER MERGER AND ACQUISITION TO ENTRANCHMENT MANAGEMENT
Authors: Pratiwi Nila , Fitri Hasmaynelis , Murni Inneke Sastila
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study to determine and analyze the extent to which the financial performance owned by manafaktur companies listed on the Stock Exchange, in an effort to acquire and merger is done to provide sustainability or going concern. This performance appraisal is measured by using financial ratios including Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). form of normality test and paired sample T-Test. The research shows that (1) Net Profit Margin (NPM) there is a difference between before and after mergers and acquisitions in manufacturing companies listed BEI period 2011-2015, (2) Return On Assets (ROA) there is difference between before and after merger and (3) Return On Equity (ROE) there is a difference between before and after mergers and acquisitions in BEI listed manufacturing companies for the period 2011-2015, (4) Debt to Equity Ratio (DER ) there is a difference between before and after mergers and acquisitions on manufacturing companies listed BEI period 2011-2015. Keywords :  Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER).
THE EFFECT OF AUDIT COMMITTEE INDEPENDENCE, FINANCIAL EXPERTISE, AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE TO CORPORATE VALUE
Authors: Nurmawati Nurmawati , Mary Hilda
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of audit committee independence, financial expertise, and corporate social responsibility disclosure to the value of companies in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2014-2016. The sample of this research is 120 companies. The results of this study indicate the independence of the audit committee, financial expertise and disclosure of corporate social responsibility does not significantly affect the value of the company. ROA and DER have a positive and significant impact on company value.Keywords: Independence of Audit Committee, Financial Expertise, CSR, Corporate Value, ROA, DER
PULL STRATEGY: A MARKETING STRATEGY PUBLIC RELATIONS TO MAINTAIN CUSTOMER LOYALTY
Authors: Purwanti Angel
Published: October 2018

Customer loyalty is most important asset for every company. Customer loyalty gives company many benefits such as repeat purchase and recommendation to third party. This makes many companies always try figure out the ways to maintain customer loyalty. This research is held in PT. Zinkpower Batam Indo in Jl. Brigjend Katamso KM 6,2 Tanjung Uncang, Batam. This company is pioneer of galvanizing plant in Batam and proven to have high quality of galvanizing. PT. Zinkpower Batam Indo is subsidiary of Kopf Group, a mother company with the same field. This research aims to determine PT. Zinkpower Batam Indo Marketing Public Relations’s strategy to maintain their customer loyalty. The method used is descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection technique in this research using depth interview, participant observation & documentation. The result is Marketing Public Relations using pull strategy to main customer loyalty, such as customer satisfaction survey, complain handling, discount and one stop service. Implementation of pull strategy proved can maintain the loyalty that will explained in this research. Keywords: Marketing Public Relations, Pull Strategy, Loyalty
Molar Position and Surgical Time in Lower Third Molar Extraction
Authors: Olate Sergio , Alister Juan , Thomas David , Alveal Ricardo , Unibazo Alejandro
Published: October 2018

The aim of this research was to find the influence of lower third molar position in surgical time required for extraction of this molar. A prospective study was designed in patients at the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Universidad de La Frontera. Patients with ASA I and II and without oral diseases as aggressive periodontitis and oral infections were included. The third molar position was established in relation to Pedersen scale, Winter scale and Pell and Gregory scale, considering surgical time between the start of surgery and finalization of the procedure; data analyses was carried out with t test with statisticaldifferences when p<0.05. Surgical time of 12±9 minutes was registered, and this was statistically associated to dental position and difficulty observed. It is therefore concluded that the position of the molar has an influence on surgical time.
Complications in Surgery of the Small Intestine
Authors: Manterola Carlos , Urrutia Sebastián
Published: October 2018

Performing a surgical procedure of the small intestine, whether it is a scheduled elective or an emergency event, may be associated with the occurrence of disorders of diverse etiology; either as a result of prior illness, the onset of systemic pathology associated with the surgical event or complications related to the surgery itself. The development of morbidity in patients undergoing intestinal surgery has been outlined in this article on medical and surgical complications. These will be discussed based on clinical manifestations, potential risk factors associated with their occurrence and certain preventive measures.
Use of Self-Expandable Prosthesis for the Treatment of Colon and Rectal Benign Stenosis. Systematic Review
Authors: Manterola C. , Urrutia S.
Published: October 2018

he main reason for the use of self-expandable prosthesis (SEP) is for the treatment of malignant colonic obstructions. The objective of this study is to determine the understanding with regard to results of applying SEP in benign stenosis of colon and rectum, measured in terms of numbers, etiology, and results. Systematic review. A search on MEDLINE, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, DARE, HTA, NHSEED, EMBASE and CINAHL and TRIP database was conducted. We considered all studies published since 1990 for this report. Search strategies were applied to each database using MesH terms, truncated, free words and Booleans. The results and level of evidence of the studies were summarized in tables summarizing efficacy, safety and complications. We obtained 19 related articles. All of these were case series and case reports (evidence level 4), totaling less than 150 cases treated with SEP. The observed results were adequate in terms of symptom reduction, however, a considerable percentage of complications were observed (intestinal perforation, migration, re-obstruction and pain). Published experience concerning the results of the installation of SEP in benign strictures of colon and rectum is scarce and evidence is limited. Therefore, further studies and articles with improved methodological qualities are required.
Morphological Characteristics of Prostate in Mammals
Authors: Vásquez Bélgica
Published: October 2018

The prostate gland is present in all male mammals and its ejaculate secretion plays a direct role in female reproductive success. Despite the importance of their function, morphology and chemical nature of their secretion in non-human mammals is not described in detail in scientific literature. To better define the morphological description of this gland, quantitative methods such as stereology have allowed identification for instance, of the number and percentage of glandular cells. These analyses however, have only been described in some animals. Therefore, the aim of this review was to discuss what is known about the anatomical, histological, histochemical and stereological characteristics of mammalian prostate to provide information that could be useful in the field of production and yields of breeding animals for consumption, and to improve reproductive management in laboratory animals used as models in research.
Evidence-Based Clinical Practice. General Concepts and Reasons for Use in Surgery
Authors: Manterola Carlos
Published: October 2018

The evidence-based clinical practice (EBCP), is an important issue for clinicians in general; and surgeons as clinicians, we must not stand apart from it, because given the role that we play as educators of future generations of clinicians and surgeons, and due to the avalanche of information from the Internet, must be updated on critical evaluation of the literature to which our students access permanently. On the other hand, the EBCP has even invaded the field of management and administration in health, and in our work, with some frequency we are confronted with healthcare management and administration activities. EBCP involves a series of converging disciplines such as clinical epidemiology, critical reading of biomedical research, research design, biostatistics, health technology assessment, management and health management, etc. The aim of this manuscript was to present s
Foetal Development in Mammals
Authors: Smok Carolina , Roa Ignacio , Rojas Mariana
Published: October 2018

During the fetal period are carried out a series of necessary changes, which prepare the fetus for extrauterine life, culminating embryonic development, leading to this physiological maturation of tissues, organs and systems, along with a rapidly growing body. Well being bought, the species-specific features. Other events of interest are beginning the process of ossification of the bones (short and long), formation of the eyelids; integumentary and other elements besides the surfactant secretion from lungs. In this paper we will make a description of the main events that characterized this period, along with a comparison of them among some domestic mammals.
Management of Symptomatic Gallbladder Lithiasic Disease During Pregnancy
Authors: Pinilla R. , Romero E. , Rojas L. , Claros N.
Published: October 2018

The objective of this research was to determine the type of management of symptomatic gallbladder lithiasic disease (GLD) in the Obrero Hospital No. 1, Bolivia. A Case Series study design from January to December 2013 was conducted. The prevalence of GLD in pregnant patients was 4.2% (18 patients), of which 12 (66.7%) were operated and 6 patients (33.3%) subjected to medical treatment. The mean age was 28.83 years (SD± 5.328). The preoperative diagnoses were acute or exacerbated GLD in 12 cases (66.6%), acute pancreatitis of lithiasic origin in 3 (16.7%) and obstructive jaundice due to choledocholithiasis in 3 cases (16.7%). The mean gestational age was 16.83 weeks (SD± 8.155). During the first trimester of pregnancy 5 cases (27.7%) were observed; during the second quarter 10 cases (55.6%) and 3 cases (16.7%) during the third trimester. Only 3 cases (16.6%) were nulliparous. Average leukocyte count was 10632 x mm³ (SD± 2748.038), and 66% had leukocytosis and left deviation. Of the 12 operated, 10 laparoscopic cholecystectomy were described and in two cases also bile duct exploration was performed. Balanced general anesthesia was used in 10 cases (83.4%), in one TIVA (total intravenous anaesthesia) (8.3%) and one spinal (8.3%). The pneumoperitoneum always performed with open Hasson technique. The average operative time was 47.5 minutes (SD± 16.989) and hospital stay of 5.44 days (SD± 3.568). Comparing stay, patients undergoing surgery have a longer hospital stay compared with those who received medical treatment (6.16 vs. 4 days). No fetal complications occurred, including maternal and fetal mortality or premature contractions requiring treatment. Laparoscopic surgery appears to be a safe option and may be the form of treatment when the GLD is persistently symptomatic, preferably during the second trimester of pregnancy.
The Methodological Quality of an Article of Treatment on Early Ductal Decompression Versus Conservative Treatment for Gallstone Pancreatitis with Ampullary Obstruction
Authors: Manterola Carlos , Claros Nataniel , Matus Sergio , Plana Sergio
Published: October 2018

Early ductal decompression in the treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis with ampullary obstruction is controversial. The objective of this study is to determine the methodological quality, internal and external validity of the article of Acosta et al. (2006), that compares the effectiveness of early ductal decompression versus conservative management in acute biliary pancreatitis with ampullary obstruction. Acosta et al., article was subjected to a therapy User’s Guide. Subsequently its methodological quality was analyzed applying 3 instruments; MINCIR therapy, CONSORT and SIGN. The application of these instruments was performed independently by four researchers, trained in critical analysis of the literature and clinical epidemiology. The article is not oriented to a definite question. It has a random assignment of participants, but these were not properly considered until the end of the study. It has 16 points of MINCIR scale (cut-off of the methodological quality construct is 18). Fulfills with only 10 of the 21 items of CONSORT. All the instruments used put in evidence similar methodological weaknesses that lead to questioning of the internal and external validity of the study, a fact that in turn makes questioning the logic of the applicability of this protocol.
Epithelioid Myoepithelioma of the Parotid Gland: A Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Samar María , Avila Rodolfo , Furnes Marta , Fonseca Ismael , Juri Hugo , Olmedo Luis , Anderson William
Published: October 2018

The diagnosis and classification of salivary gland tumours is complicated by the wide variety of histological types that exist. Many authors attribute this complexity to the myoepithelial component of these tumours. The objective of this study is to evaluate the histological and immunohistochemical properties of a parotid gland myoepithelioma, in order to further our understanding of the differential diagnosis of salivary gland tumours which contain myoepitheliocytes. Histological specimens were analyzed using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid Schiff (PAS), Cason, Alcian blue, toluidine blue, a-SMA, p63 and ki67. The tumour examined was completely encapsulated, with solid cellular regions delimitated by a stroma. The stroma consisted of wide acidophilic and PAS-positive hyaline septae with areas of metachromasia. The tumour cells contained clear cytoplasm and round nuclei with lax chromatin, although some had more elongated nuclei and occasional dense chromatin. Neither cellular atypia nor mitotic figures were observed. Immunostaining was positive for a-SMA and p63, while it was negative for ki67. The histological characteristics of the tumour analyzed were consistent with a benign myoepithelioma, a rare tumour which represents less than 1% of salivary gland neoplasias. Immunostaining confirmed the morphological diagnosis of myoepithelioma. The absence of cytological changes and mitosis and its encapsulation differentiate it from its malignant counterpart. In comparison to pleomorphic adenoma, the myoepithelioma does not demonstrate ductal differentiation or chondromyxoid stroma. Importantly, the epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma does develop tubular structures not seen in myoepithelioma. p63, which may act as an oncogene, is expressed within the nuclei of myoepitheliocytes of normal salivary glands. Its expression is retained in tumour myoepitheliocytes and thus it may play a role in oncogenesis.
Factors and Mechanisms Involved in Eating Behavior: a Current Status at Molecular Biology
Authors: Vásquez Bélgica , Cantín Mario
Published: October 2018

By studying the human genome and advances in molecular biology, currently can predict interactions between the genome and food components in order to obtain information about the role of diet in maintaining health and in the prevention, initiation, development and progression or severity of a disease like obesity. The aim of this review was to present the current understanding of the factors that normally regulate eating behavior alteration, and the mechanisms involved and associated with molecular biology. About 42 genes related to the regulation of feeding, expressing at the nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area, nucleus of the solitary tract, the lateral hypothalamus, arcuate nucleus, paraventricular, ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamus. There are specific brain mechanisms that regulate hunger and satiety, which would be in constant interaction with mechanisms known as "wanting" and "liking" circuits modulated by reward, pleasure and addiction. The phenotypic expression of eating behavior is complex by genetic variability, whose behavior is defined by the interaction of genetic condition (innate), environmental experience and learning (acquired characteristics), which structured eating behavior. Altering the genes and circuits involved would be involved as a cause in eating disorders.
Giant Gluteal Lipoma. A Case Report
Authors: Manterola Carlos
Published: October 2018

A case of gluteal lipoma treated at the Department of Surgery of the Hospital Clínico de la Universidad Mayor, Temuco, Chile is presented. The patient, a 42-year-old man, presented with a multilobulated tumor of soft parts located in the left gluteal region. The tumor was painless and was 22 cm in diameter. Complete exeresis of the lesion was performed. This was sent to histopathological examination, which confirmed the preoperative diagnosis of lipoma. The outcome was favorable, with no morbidity. The tomographic control at the second year of postoperative allowed us to verify the absence of recurrence.
Methodological Quality of an Article for Treatment in Early Ductal Decompression versus Conservative Treatment in Gallstone Pancreatitis with Ampullary Obstruction
Authors: Manterola Carlos , Claros Nataniel , Matus Sergio , Plana Sergio
Published: October 2018

Early ductal decompression in the treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis with ampullary obstruction is controversial. The objective of this study is to determine the methodological quality, internal and external validity of the article of Acosta et al. (2006), which compares the effectiveness of early ductal decompression versus conservative management in acute biliary pancreatitis with ampullary obstruction. Acosta et al. (2006), article was subjected to a therapy User’s Guide. Subsequently its methodological quality was analyzed applying 3 instruments; MINCIR therapy, CONSORT and SIGN. The application of these instruments was performed independently by four researchers, trained in critical analysis of the literature and clinical epidemiology. The article is not oriented to a definite question. It has a random assignment of participants, but these were not properly considered until the end of the study. It has 16 points of MINCIR scale (cut-off of the methodological quality construct is 18). It complies with only 10 of the 21 items of CONSORT. All instruments used put into evidence similar methodological weaknesses that lead to questioning of the internal and external validity of the study, a fact that in turn questions the logic of the applicability of this protocol.
From the Terminology Based on Eponyms in Surgery, to the International Anatomical Terminology: A Great Abyss that Can Be Avoided
Authors: Duque Jorge , Barco John , Aguirre Victoria
Published: October 2018

In surgical sciences the use of language based on morphological eponyms, which have no descriptive or informative value of an anatomical structure is common, perhaps because these professionals know or have forgotten that there is a anatomical terminology that seeks to unify communication and facilitate learning. Eradicating the eponymous form the surgical sciences is a difficult task, because their use is still reinforced in textbooks, scientific papers and conferences, among others, thus promoting the use of a chaotic and confusing language. Therefore, the need arises to strengthen the use of Anatomical Terminology in new generations of surgeons, as clearer and more accurate communication will be achieved between health professionals and will also facilitate the teaching-learning process.
Lag Screw Technique for Treating a Mandibular Angle Fracture: Case Report
Authors: Mayrink Gabriela , Mendes Marcelo , Moreira Roger , De Conto Ferdinando , Sawazaki Renato
Published: October 2018

The treatment of mandibular angle fractures involves several postsurgical complications and is in greater demand when compared to therapeutic approaches for other types of mandibular fractures. Such postsurgical complications as bleeding, swelling, infection, dehiscence, pseudoarthrosis and paresthesia might affect individuals in both sexes and at all age groups. The presence of a mandibular third molar, a cross-sectional area thinner than the tooth-bearing region, and biomechanical forces might hamper the surgery, making it longer and more complex. Internal fixation is aimed at undisturbed healing under condition of functional and without any period of intermaxillary fixation. Adequate fixation depends on different fracture types, patients' general health and compliance, and the timing of the operation. This case report involves a mandibular angle fracture successfully treated with the lag screw technique, a simple approach to treat one of the most common fractures involving the mandible, quickly restoring the patient ́s oral functions.
Contribution to the Vascularization of Cruciate Knee Ligaments and its Relevance in Trauma Surgery
Authors: Romero Enrique , Gorodner Arturo , Nuñez Marcela
Published: October 2018

The intercondyloid notch of the knee, has acquired interest from the surgical point of view, with the use of technical arthroscopy in the treatment of anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. This review shows the arterial branches that receive cruciate ligaments in different areas and confirms the presence of periligamentous anastomotic networks. The study included 6 adult knees and 14 fetal human knees between the 6th and 8th month of gestation, for artery and cruciate ligament analysis through transverse and frontal slice dissections. In conclusion cruciate ligaments receive their principal vascular contribution, through the medial artery of the knee and secondarily from inferior medial and lateral arteries. In the fetal stage there were periligamentous arterial connections in the femoral insert of both ligaments. Anatomical knowledge of the arteries that approach cruciate ligaments is important in repairs as it favors vitality and good joint mechanics.