bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN METODE MAKE A MATCH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATERI IMAN KEPADA RASUL SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 2 BABADAN KEC. NGAJUM
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun , Sulalah Sulalah , Arifa Laily Nur
Published: August 2024

This research is based on the issue of how the use of the "make a match" method can improve students' learning outcomes in the subject of belief in the prophets in the fourth-grade class at SD Negeri 2 Babadan, Ngajum District. The objective of this research is to describe the use of the "make a match" method in improving students' learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) on the subject of belief in the prophets at SD Negeri 2 Babadan, Ngajum District. This research employs a classroom action research with two cycles. Each cycle consists of 4 stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The target of this research is fourth-grade students. The data obtained include learning outcomes and observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. The analysis results indicate that students' learning outcomes have improved from Cycle I to Cycle II. In the pre-cycle, 17% of students completed the material, in Cycle I, 50% of students completed the material, and in Cycle II, 100% of students completed the material above the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM). The conclusion of this research is that the use of the "make a match" method can improve students' learning outcomes.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini berdasarkan permasalahan Bagaimanakah penggunaan metode make a match dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi iman kepada rasul kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Babadan Kec.Ngajum. Sedangkan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan metode make a match dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PAI materi iman kepada rasul di SD Negeri 2 Babadan Kec. Ngajum. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas sebanyak dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu, perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV. Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil belajar, lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar. Dari hasil analis didapatkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sampai siklus II yakni, pra-siklus 17% siswa tuntas, siklus I 50% siswa tuntas dan siklus II 100% siswa tuntas diatas KKM. Simpulan dari penelitian ini penggunaan metode make a match dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
A STUDY OF THE CAUSES OF THE EASE OF MEMORIZING: Review In The Book Ta’lim Muta’lim By Imam Al-Zarnuji
Authors: Nur Afidah Rohmatun , Hafidzi Anwar
Published: August 2024

The book of Ta'lim Muta'allim by Imam Al-Zarnuji is one of the classical works that discusses the ethics and methods of learning for knowledge seekers. This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that cause ease of memorization as described in the book. The research method used is a literature study with an analytical descriptive approach to the text of Ta'lim Muta'allim. The results show that there are several main factors that support the ability to memorize, including sincere intentions, discipline in learning, a conducive environment, and support from teachers and peers. In addition, the learning methods recommended by Imam Al-Zarnuji such as repetition, deep understanding, and practical application also play an important role in improving memorization ability. This research is expected to contribute to the development of effective learning methods in the context of Islamic education.
 
Abstrak
Kitab Ta'lim Muta'allim karya Imam Al-Zarnuji merupakan salah satu karya klasik yang membahas tentang etika dan metode belajar bagi para penuntut ilmu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kemudahan menghafal sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam kitab tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis terhadap teks kitab Ta'lim Muta'allim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa faktor utama yang mendukung kemampuan menghafal, di antaranya adalah niat yang ikhlas, kedisiplinan dalam belajar, lingkungan yang kondusif, serta dukungan dari guru dan teman sejawat. Selain itu, metode pembelajaran yang direkomendasikan oleh Imam Al-Zarnuji seperti pengulangan, pemahaman yang mendalam, dan aplikasi praktis juga memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menghafal. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan metode pembelajaran yang efektif dalam konteks pendidikan Islam.
Literasi Dakwah Digital pada Akun Media Sosial Instagram Nahdlatul Ulama @nuonline_id
Authors: Ikrom Zulfikar , Nugraha Muhammad Fauzan
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze digital da'wah literacy carried out by the Instagram account @nuonline_id. Using descriptive qualitative methods and agenda setting theory, this research examines how these accounts utilize social media platforms to spread Islamic messages. The research results show that the @nuonline_id account has succeeded in reaching 1.1 million followers and presents a variety of preaching content, ranging from quotes from Al-Qur'an verses and hadith to the latest news and health information. This content is packaged creatively and innovatively, utilizing Instagram features to attract the attention of the audience. This research concludes that digital da'wah literacy carried out by @nuonline_id is quite effective in spreading Islamic messages and reaching a wide audience.
Dakwah Politik Haji Agus Salim
Authors: Sendi Ramadhan  , Lia Pediati  , Murodi  , Syamsul Yakin
Published: August 2024

This research focuses on the political preaching of Haji Agus Salim, who was a charismatic cleric and accomplished diplomat who fought to defend Indonesia's sovereignty in the international arena. The aim of this research is how Haji Agus Salim's political preaching is, by presenting information about the biography, works, thoughts, and political preaching movements of Haji Agus Salim. Using qualitative descriptive methods. The results obtained in this writing are that Haji Agus Salim has a fairly long life track record in the history of the Indonesian struggle, his intelligence and skill in debating are known throughout the country, and his ability to master foreign languages ​​made him very popular among the Dutch government at that time. Haji Agus Salim is also listed as one of the Indonesian independence fighters who was later nicknamed The Grand Old Man. Haji Agus Salim carries out political da'wah through his works, starting from his writings and his ideological understanding of aqidah and syariah. His political da'wah movements can be seen from his participation in Sarekat Islam and the founding of the Jong Islamieten Bond and Volksraad to his heroism in Indonesian independence.
Analisis Penafsiran Surat Al-Baqarah (2): 143:
Authors: Alma Chairunnisa Alma , Af’idah Nadlilatul Ummah Af'idah , Firza Nada Aulia Firza
Published: August 2024

This article discusses the meaning of Ummatan Wasaṭan in the perspective of Shīah interpretation. The purpose of this paper is to find out how the interpretation of Shia scholars, such as al-Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, ʿAlī b. Ibrāhīm al-Qummī, Al-Ṭabarsi, Ṭabāṭabā'i, and Imām Al-Shaukānī in interpreting the Ummatan Wasaṭan lafadz. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with a comparative-analysis research method and is sourced from primary references to Shīah tafsir books as well as secondary references from various journals and books. The results obtained from this research show that Shīah have certain beliefs and thoughts, especially in terms of the primacy of Ali and the Maksum Imam. Many Shīah scholars actualize the understanding of their school of thought in their interpretive works. It appears that when they interpret Q.S. Al-Baqarah (2): 143 regarding Ummatan Wasaṭan, the personification refers to the Infallible Imams. However, there are also those who have a moderate attitude towards understandings outside their school of thought.
MODEL PENDIDIKAN KHULAFAUR RASYIDUN DAN IMPELEMENTASINYA BAGI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Riptono Riptono , Bakri Syamsul , Rohmadi Yusup
Published: August 2024

This research will discuss the educational model developed by the Rasyidun Khulafaur. The Khulafaur Raysidun, consisting of four friends, namely Abu Bakar, Umar Ibn Khatam, Uthman Ibn Affan, and Ali bin Abi Talib provided different models or types of learning, but the essence of the teachings was taken from the Koran and the Sunnah of the Prophet. By using the library research method where the sources used are literature and then carrying out analysis with the most relevant sources to find answers to existing problems. The educational model implemented by Khulafaur Rasyidun apparently has different models. Abu Bakr as the first caliph to replace the Prophet Muhammad taught the educational model in the form of faith and moral education. Umar bin Khatam as the second caliph taught a model of education based on the physical framework, Uthman prioritized ethical education which focused on the study of morals, as did his last friend, Ali bin Abi Talib, who taught faith and morals education in forming a good Muslim person. The educational model taught by Khulafaur Rasyidun became the educational model used by the ulama after him. Where this education should also be carried out by Muslims today who are now starting to be attacked by Western-style education which is not in accordance with the soul and personality of their nation.
KEPRIBADIAN TOKOH UTAMA DALAM NOVEL الأجنحة المتكسرة KARYA KAHLIL GIBRAN
Authors: Wahida Mizatul , . Mashyur , Sumarna Luqman
Published: August 2024

Salah satu bentuk karya sastra adalah novel. Menurut paham genetik, novel sebagai sebuah teks merupakan ekspresi menyeluruh dari pribadi pengarang dan latar belakang budaya nya. Keduanya mencakup banyak hal antara lain kepribadian penulis, kondisi psikologi, selera, keterampilan, kondisi sosial, pengalaman, kemampuan, dan berbagai peristiwa disekitarnya. Novel merupakan medium bagi seorang penulis untuk mencurahkan gagasannya berdasarkan struktur mental trans-individual dari anggota masyarakat tempat dia hidup.
Novel ini dipilih untuk diteliti karena memiliki nilai sastra yang tinggi yaitu memiliki nilai estetika dan makna yang dalam. Novel al-Ajnihah al-Mutakassirah merupakan novel best seller Kahlil Gibran karena novel tersebut merupakan novel perdana yang diterjemahkan hampir keseluruh bahasa di dunia. Novel ini lahir karena terinspirasi dari sebuah kisah cinta Gibran yang menggetarkan, menarik dan mengesankan namun berakhir tragis bersama seorang gadis yang dicintainya yang bernama Selma.Bagi Gibran, cinta adalah standing in (bertahan di dalam). Itu berarti cinta lebih pada sebuah tindakan aktif yang bersifat memberi ketimbang menerima. Selain elegi cinta yang sangat mengharukan, Gibran juga menyelipkan pandangannya mengenai berbagai masalah yang berkaitan dengan nasib perempuan, penindasan, ketidakadilan, dan korupsi yang terjadi di Lebanon.
Pengaruh dari novel al-Ajnihah al-Mutakassirah yang ditulis oleh Kahlil Gibran ini terasa sangat besar di dunia Arab, karena di sini untuk pertama kalinya wanita-wanita Arab
 
yang dinomorduakan mempunyai kesempatan untuk berbicara bahwa mereka adalah istri yang memiliki hak untuk memprotes struktur kekuasaan yang diatur dalam perkawinan.
TOKOH UTAMA DALAM MEMOAR “AL-I’TIRAF WAHUWA QISSTU NAFSI KARYA ABDURAHMAN SYUKRY
Authors: Rahim M. , Walidin Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Penelitian berjudul ‘Tokoh Utama dalam Memoar al-I’tiraf Wahuwa Qissatu Nafsi (selanjutnya ditulis Memoar) karya Abdurrahman Syukri’ bertujuan untuk membahas mengenai kepribadian tokoh utama M.N dalam memoar tersebut. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan:1) Bagaimana kepribadian M.N dalam Memoar karya Abdurrahman Syukri?. 2) Bagaimana hierarki kebutuhan tokoh M.N dalam Memoar karya Abdurrahman Syukri menurut tinjauan psikologi humanistik Abraham Maslow? Penelitian ini berjenis deskriptif kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah psikologi humanistik Abraham Maslow. Tahap analisis dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data yang relevan dengan teknik baca-catat, kemudian dianalisis dengan teori psikologi Humanistik dengan 5 tingkatan kebutuhan yaitu : a) Kebutuhan Fisiologis, b) Kebutuhan Rasa Aman, c) Kebutuhan Cinta dan Memiliki, d) Kebutuhan Harga Diri dan e) Aktualisasi Diri.Hasil dari penelitian ini, tokoh M.N tidak memenuhi hierarki kebutuhan menurut teori Abraham Maslow. Tokoh M.N memiliki kepribadian introvert, kecemasan dan ketakutan yang berlebih. Dari kepribadian tersebut, M.N mengalami banyak tindakan-tindakan yang mengakibatkan dirinya mengalami kegagalan dalam memenuhi 5 (lima) kebutuhan menurut teori Maslow.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran BCCT Pada Aspek Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini Di Kelompok Bermain Assa’idiyah Bandung Barat
Authors: Al Ayyubi Ibnu Imam , Masfuroh Ai Sri , Muhaemin Abdul , Noerzanah Firda , Aryani Izmi
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat penerapan model pembelajaran Beyond Centre and Circle Time (BCCT) pada aspek perkembangan anak usia dini khususnya pada usia 4-5 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian one sample t-test dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang dilaksanakan di Kelompok Bermain Assa’idiyah. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak di Kelompok Bermain Assa’idiyah dengan sampel sebanyak 36 dengan kategori usia 4-5 tahun. Pengujian persyaratan analisis data yang digunakan terdiri dari uji normalitas menggunakan Kolmogorov-Smirnov berbantuan software SPSS versi 26 dengan skor maksimal ideal 4 dimana skor 1 menunjukkan anak belum berkembang, skor 2 anak mulai berkembang, skor 3 anak berkembang sesuai harapan, dan skor 4 anak berkembang sangat baik. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata aspek perkembangan anak pada usia 4-5 tahun di Kelompok Bermain Assa’idiyah lebih dari tahapan mulai berkembang yakni pada skor 3 dan skor 4. Hal tersebut juga dapat dibuktikan dengan persentase anak yang memiliki nilai 5,6%, 22,2%, 41,7%, dan 30,6% pada skor 1,2,3, dan 4.
Sistem Monitoring dan Logging pada Oxygen Concentrator Berbasis Node-RED dengan Protokol MQTT
Authors: Nugroho Keyasa Abimanyu , Figana Dian
Published: August 2024

Covid-19 is a spreading disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a type of coronavirus. Covid-19 first case was reported from Wuhan, China on 31 December 2019. The virus spread rapidly to the other countries all over the world. The virus spread from an infected person’s mouth or nose in small liquid particles when they cough or sneezing. Oxygen supply in Indonesia is rare because everybody’s panick to buy their own oxygen tank and refill the supply. With PSA technology, Oxygen Concentrator that is going to be made will have an Oxygen Concentration output more than 90%. This sistem is using VPS that has its own public IP that can be accessed by internet. Monitoring and Logging system is made using flow on Node-RED that will monitor data from PLC, Oxygen Concentration and Flow. PLC Data that is read-able by Node-RED LocalHost will be published to broker using MQTT. The othe Node-RED VPS will subscribed to the broker with a specific topic and get that data. Based on the tests that is done, the monitoring and logging system is working, it shows the data on a gauge widget, chart, and level. The data that is sent through broker will be stored in a database. The data will be called by query if the user wanted to see the logger data based on the date. The maximum value of the measured Oxygen Concentration is 96.18%.
T, The Thermostat Automation for Controlled Temperature in Simulated Incubator
Authors: Fauzi Ekha Rifki
Published: August 2024

Morbiditas dan mortalitas neonatus biasanya disebabkan oleh prematuritas neonatus atau BBLR (berat badan lahir rendah). Selanjutnya, neonatus prematur akan diberi obat pada inkubator. Perangkat inkubator harus membuat lingkungan yang cocok untuk bayi seperti tingkat suhu yang stabil, konsentrasi oksigen, dan kelembaban. Tingkat suhu harus dipantau sekitar 36°-38°C pada perangkat inkubator neonatus. Termostat dapat digunakan untuk mendapatkan suhu batas atas & bawah yang telah ditentukan inkubator. Selain itu, inkubator yang disimulasikan memiliki kunci relai yang berfungsi untuk mencegah perangkat rusak karena aliran listrik yang tidak stabil dari sumber listrik. Inkubator simulasi ini secara khusus dapat digunakan dalam sistem inkubator pada perangkat inkubator.
Feminism In The Adaptation Of Brothers Grimm’s Little Snow White Into Movie
Authors: Sampurna Hadi , Salindri Intan , Priya R. Lakshmi
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to identify changes in ideology on character and the plot in the adaptation of the fairy tale Little Snow White by Brothers Grimm. The research data consists of narrative texts from the fairy tale and visual scenes from the movie adaptation. The data are analyzed with comparative approach and Barthes' semiotics theory. In addition, the visual scenes are analyzied with cinematography and mise en scene approach. The findings show the changes of ideology in the fairy tale into movie adaptation. The dominant ideology of fairy tales is patriarchy, which emphasizes gender inequality, women oppression, and damsels in distress. Other than patriarchy, the fairy tale's ideology is Eurocentrism. Meanwhile, the movie adaptation depicts a variety of ideologies, namely cultural racism, feminism, radical-libertarian feminism, and androgyny; however, upon closer inspection, feminism emerges as the dominant ideology
Study On Analysis Of Pre-Marriage Couple's Perceptions Of Partnership Gender In The Domestic Areas In Yogyakarta
Authors: Khasanah Nur , Riska Herliana , Santika Ni Kadek Giri
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, which has occurred, followed by a global crisis and the issue of recession in various parts of the world, including Indonesia, has had a vulnerable impact on family resilience. This can be seen from the phenomenon of a significant increase in the prevalence of divorce from 291,677 in 2020, which increased by 53% to 447,743 in 2021, which places Indonesia as the country with the highest prevalence of divorce in Asia-Africa. This is directly proportional to the high prevalence of single parents, which places Indonesia in the second-highest position in the world with fatherless countries and DI. Yogyakarta ranks third highest in Indonesia. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Religion, the phenomenon of divorce is dominated by contested divorce from wives, namely 73.7%, with the reason being ongoing disputes at 62.4%. Various factors, including gender inequality in the domestic sphere, cause the disputes. The research method used was qualitative, with an explanatory research approach to 34 informants who were prospective premarital couples in the KUA Depok Yogyakarta work area. Data was collected through FGDs and deep interviews to explore prospective partners' perceptions of gender partnership in the family—purposive sampling technique according to inclusion criteria. Data analysis uses phenomenological studies, including data familiarization through identifying thematic frameworks, data indexation, coding and charting, and data interpretation carried out independently by the researcher. The research results show that the lowest knowledge of respondents regarding family functions is the socio-cultural function, namely ten respondents (29.41%), followed by the coaching function, namely 14 respondents (41.17%), and the reproductive function, namely 16 respondents (47.06%).
ANALISIS ESTETIKA ANIMASI 2 DIMENSI CERITA RAKYAT ASAL-USUL BATURRADEN PADA YOUTUBE DONGENG TANAH JAWA
Authors: Amirah Yumna
Published: August 2024

Baturraden is one of the areas in the province of Central Java. The name Baturraden was created from
folklore. In fact, not many local people, especially children, know the origins of the creation of Baturraden.
Therefore we need media that can attract the attention of children namely is through 2-dimensional
animation which can be accessed easily via YouTube. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis
approach using the science of aesthetics. The theory of aesthetics uses a theoretical approach according
to Djelantik which describes aesthetics into three basic elements, namely form, weight, and appearance.
A 2-dimensional animation of the folk story "Origin of Baturraden", using a cartoon-style illustration. The
type of typography used belongs to the decorative style with a touch of serif fonts. The most common
colors used are pink, yellow, orange, brown, purple, indigo, blue, green, gray, black, and white. While the
arrangement in the animation refers to shots, scenes, and sequences. The atmosphere that was built is
around the duchy area with traditional nuances and beautiful nature typical of ancient times. The message
that I want to convey is that if you want to get something you want, you have to fight and try hard. Besides
that, there is also a message to act sincerely in order to bring success in the future.
ILUSTRASI TENTANG PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ISYARAT DASAR DALAM BENTUK ANIMASI
Authors: Herlijanto Amelia Agustina , Avrilukito Decky , Berliana Iona
Published: August 2024

Bahasa isyarat luas dikenal sebagai sebuah bahasa yang lekat pada komunitas berkebutuhan khusus, sehingga tidak banyak yang mengetahui bahwa bahasa isyarat itu boleh untuk dipelajari oleh semua orang yang ingin mempelajari walau tidak memiliki keterbatasan tertentu. Meski banyak usaha untuk mengajak untuk belajar, masih banyak yang belum mengerti bagaimana untuk memulai mempelajarinya. Ketidaktahuan untuk bagaimana cara memulai untuk bisa mempelajari bahasa inilah yang sering kali menjadi penghambat bagi orang Dengar yang ingin mempelajarinya.
Mempelajari bahasa isyarat bagi orang Dengar tentunya bukanlah hal yang mudah karena terbatasnya informasi. Ilustrasi merupakan bentuk visualisasi yang mudah dipahami dalam rangka membangun persepsi yang sama. Dengan penambahan animasi tentunya akan semakin membuat pembelajaran menarik. Oleh karena, itu dalam penelitian ini akan dibuat Ilustrasi tentang Pembelajaran Bahasa Isyarat Dasar dalam bentuk Animasi. Karya ini dibuat dengan maksud untuk memperluas informasi mengenai bahasa isyarat Indonesia.
Karya animasi ini berisikan cara pengenalan diri dan kata-kata penting yang perlu untuk diingat, seperti kata maaf, terima kasih dan tolong, serta cara untuk berkomunikasi yang sopan yang dibuat dalam bentuk bahasa isyarat dengan ilustrasi dan animasi yang ringan untuk dinikmati. Materi pembelajaran dan cerita dibantu oleh narasumber anggota komunitas Tuli Surabaya dan Gerakan untuk Kesejahteraan Tunarungu Indonesia atau GERKATIN yang bertempat di Surabaya. Hasil karya ini mendapatkan respon yang baik dan terbukti dapat mempermudah pembelajaran bahasa isyarat bagi orang Dengar.
ANALISIS DESAIN INTERAKSI AUGMENTED REALITY PADA BUKU ENSIKLOPEDIA TERHADAP KONTEN PEMBELAJARAN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Ester Anggun , Noviani Astri
Published: August 2024

Buku ensiklopedia augmented reality (AR) menawarkan pengalaman yang unik bagi pembaca anak-anak. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya membahas penerapan buku AR dalam meningkatkan motivasi, pemahaman, dan perkembangan kognitif anak. Namun, penelitian mengenai desain interaksi AR pada buku ensiklopedia masih minim ditemukan. Belum banyak penjelasan desain interaksi AR seperti apa yang cocok untuk konten dan aspek pembelajaran tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan interaksi AR dengan konten pembelajaran dan keterlibatan siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi literatur, studi komparasi, dan field testing untuk mengidentifikasi dan menjelaskan delapan jenis interaksi AR. Delapan jenis interaksi yang diidentifikasi dan dijelaskan meliputi interaksi menampilkan objek atau karakter 3D, interaksi memperbesar dan memutar, interaksi membongkar objek, interaksi panel informasi 2D, interaksi tombol 2D atau 3D, interaksi permainan, interaksi spasial, dan interaksi video 360o. Temuan ini menyoroti potensi buku ensiklopedia AR sebagai media pembelajaran yang menarik dan meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa sekolah dasar pada mata pelajaran sains. Penelitian ini diharapkan menginspirasi desainer buku yang akan merancang desain interaksi augmented reality untuk media dan konten pembelajaran siswa sekolah dasar.
Multi-Host Pathogen Transmission and the Disease-Diversity Relationship
Authors: Toorians Marjolein  E.M. , MacPherson Ailene , Davies T. Jonathan
Published: August 2024

Disease transmission in wildlife is linked to ecosystem and human health, and host community structure can mediate pathogen spread. Here, we decompose the well-known susceptible-infected (SI) compartmental models of disease transmission for multi-host communities to explore the disease-biodiversity relationship. We examine the parameters involved in interspecific transmission and link them to the multi-host outbreak potential, R0. We partition R0 into its separate elements that can be associated with either the recipient or donating host, and show how this allows us to identify maintenance versus spillover hosts, allowing us to quantify separate stages of spillover into a novel, recipient host. We further suggest that the evolutionary relatedness between donating and recipient host may play a role in the probability a pathogen establishes in a novel species, as illustrated by the observed phylogenetic signal in the host-breadth of multi-host pathogens. We discuss how anthropogenic changes to the environment and wildlife communities, such as the reduction and fragmentation of wildlife habitat, might alter the mode and dynamics of disease transmission. This discussion contributes to the ongoing debate on the relationship between disease incidence and biodiversity. Through a synthesis of classic ecological theory, we illustrate how pathogens can affect host populations through phenomena such as in/direct symbioses, that can save a pathogen from extinction or suppress competing host species, but we highlight how host diversity can simultaneosuly influence the survival and success of the pathogen, suggesting a complex feedback between hosts and parasites in multi-host communities. Our review provides a guide to common derivations of interspecific transmission, and underscores the critical connections between community and disease-ecology.
Mechanism of Malignancy Development When the Metabolism of the Human Body Deteriorates
Authors: kato manabu
Published: August 2024

Globally, cancer is an important health problem worldwide, and has become one modern medicine’s most serious problems to prevent, diagnose, and treat. Many types of cancers still have non-negligible mortality rates, and new treatments need to be developed for them. This study aimed to elucidate cancer mechanisms and facilitate cancer treatment and prevention. The ideal temperature for cancer growth is 35°C; however, conditions were not consistent with chromosomal instability, loss of alleles of tumor-suppressor genes, abnormal DNA methylation, and collagen phagocytosis, which are known causes of cancer. In addition, when cancer develops, white blood cells attack the cancer tissue and remove it; however, as the decrease in body temperature drops, leads to a reduction in the immune potential of the white blood cells. Based on previous papers, this study focused on aimed to determine the effects of the low-temperature environment of 35°C, the temperature at which cancer is most likely to proliferate, and changes in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. The study revealed that Therefore, the causes of cancer is caused by include chromosome fusion that occurs occurring due to the impaired DNA topoisomerase IIα proliferation and primary cilia rotation due to resulting from decreased intercellular adhesion.
Nature-based solutions and the rural-urban divide: CNature-Based Solutions and the Rural-Urban Divide: Community-Based Convergence Research for Food System and Ecological Resilienceommunity-based convergence research for food system and ecological resilience
Authors: McCarthy Sarah Grace , Rushforth Richard
Published: August 2024

Changes in hydrology from aridification in the U.S. Southwest have led to tension at the urban-rural divide about conservation and land management strategy. Strain on multi-generational agricultural livelihoods and a nearly 150-year-old Colorado River water adjudication system presents an opportunity for multidisciplinary solutions and symbiotic partnerships. In this study, producers in a small San Juan River headwater community in southwestern Colorado participated in a convergence research study developed collaboratively with community partners, prioritizing local objectives and policy needs. Acknowledging the historic and sometimes perceived role of academic institutions as representing urban interests, our goal was to highlight how research could support rural governance and identify rural interests. Respondents identified water availability and climate changes as the factor that most negatively affects operations. Respondents had interest in nature-based agroforestry methods like windbreak trees and drought-resistant crop species. Community members identified cost as the leading perceived barrier to implementing nature-based agricultural solutions, with over half of respondents indicating that programs to subsidize or eliminate cost would improve willingness to try nature-based methods. Analyses identified that satisfaction with community resources was positively correlated with scale of production, satisfaction with irrigation equipment, and familiarity with water rights. Further, our results outline barriers to perceptions about nature-based solutions on rural landscapes. We hope to contribute this model for wider applications in other regions to uncover place-based solutions to resource challenges and contribute to addressing stress at the urban-rural divide.
The Relationship of Heavy Metals With Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohammed Mostafa Salim
Published: August 2024

General Background: Heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, nickel, and copper are known environmental pollutants with established toxic effects on human health. Specific Background: These elements have been identified as significant contributors to various diseases, with emerging evidence suggesting their role in promoting cancer, particularly lung cancer. Knowledge Gap: Although numerous studies have investigated the relationship between heavy metals and lung cancer, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of various metal concentrations on cancer development and progression remains underexplored. Aims: This systematic review aims to consolidate and analyze the existing literature on the effects of heavy metal exposure on lung cancer, focusing on different biological samples such as plasma, urine, nails, and hair. Results: The review identified consistent evidence linking increased levels of heavy metals with higher risks of lung cancer. Studies highlighted the role of metals like cadmium, chromium, and nickel in not only promoting cancer growth but also in impacting the efficacy of cancer treatment. The findings suggest that exposure to these metals, often from environmental and industrial sources, is a critical risk factor for lung cancer. Novelty: This review uniquely synthesizes data from diverse biological samples, providing a holistic view of how heavy metal exposure influences lung cancer. Implications: The study underscores the importance of monitoring and regulating heavy metal exposure to reduce the incidence of lung cancer. It also emphasizes the need for further research to develop targeted strategies for mitigating the risks associated with heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis.
Highlights:
 

Heavy metals like cadmium increase lung cancer risk significantly.
Diverse samples (plasma, urine) reveal metals' impact on cancer.
Regulating metal exposure is key to preventing lung cancer.

 
Keywords: Heavy Metals, Lung Cancer, Cadmium, Carcinogenesis, Toxic Exposure
Placental-derived mesenchymal stem cells restore ovarian function and metabolic profile in the rat model for polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Sarvestani Mojtaba , Rajabzadeh Alireza , Mazoochi Tahereh , Samimi Mansooreh , Navar Mohsen , Moradi Faezeh
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and metabolic disturbance that affects many women worldwide and is characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and ovarian dysfunction. Infertility, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and liver dysfunction are perturbations induced by PCOS. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently emerged as a potential therapy for metabolic disorders such as PCOS due to their anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, proangiogenic, and proliferative properties. Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PDMSCs) are derived from the placenta and have advantages over other sources of MSCs in terms of availability, safety, and immunomodulation.
Materials and Methods
In this experimental study, we assigned twenty female Wistar rats into four groups (n = 5): control, sham, PCOS, and PCOS-PDMSCs. We induced PCOS in the rats by administering letrozole for 21 days. PDMSCs (1 × 106 cells) were injected through the tail vein. Fourteen days after cell infusion, we evaluated the number of healthy follicles, corpus luteum, and cystic follicles, as well as the levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance. Moreover, we measured the serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Liver function was determined by evaluating aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.
Results
The number of corpora luteum, primordial, primary, secondary, and antral follicles significantly elevated in the PCOS-PDMSCs group versus the PCOS group. The number of cystic follicles significantly decreased in the PCOS-PDMSCs group. LH and testosterone levels decreased significantly, while FSH levels increased significantly in the PCOS-PDMSCs group. Fasting blood glucose levels, fasting insulin levels, and insulin resistance notably decreased in the PCOS-PDMSCs group. The lipid profile improved in the PCOS-PDMSCs group with significant cholesterol, LDL, and TG decreases and an increase in HDL. The PCOS-PDMSCs group exhibited marked decreases in the AST and ALT levels.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that PDMSCs are a potential treatment option for PCOS because they can effectively restore folliculogenesis, correct hormonal imbalances, modify metabolic/lipid profiles, and alleviate liver dysfunction in a rat model of PCOS. However, further research is needed to establish the safety and effectiveness of PDMSCs for treating PCOS.
WITHDRAWN: Analysis and Control of the Gearshift Process Based on a Dog Clutch Shiftability Model
Authors: Aljawabrah Ayham , Szabó Ádám , Lovas Laszlo
Published: August 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors as it was submitted and made public without the full consent of all the authors. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
The Paradoxical Influence of Amerindian Ancestry on Clinical Outcomes in Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: Insights from a Chilean Cohort.
Authors: Perez-Jeldres Tamara , Bustamante María , Alvares Danilo , Alvarez-Lobos Manuel , Kalmer Lajos , Azocar Lorena , Melero Roberto , Ascui Gabriel , Aguilar Nataly , Estela Ricardo , Hernández-Rocha Cristian , Candia Roberto , González Mauricio , Silva Verónica , Vega Andrés De La , Arriagada Elizabeth , Serrano Carolina , Pávez-Ovalle Carolina , Quinteros Carol , Miquel Juan , Alex Di
Published: August 2024

Background. Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) assessing the genetic structure and its association with IBD phenotypes is needed, especially in IBD-underrepresented populations such as the South American IBD population. Aim. We examine the correlation between Amerindian ancestry and IBD phenotypes within a South American cohort and investigate the association between previously identified IBD risk variants and phenotypes.
Methods. We assessed the ancestral structure (IBD=291, Controls=51) to examine the association between Amerindian ancestry (AMR) and IBD variables. Additionally, we analyzed the influence of known IBD genetic risk factors on disease outcomes. We employed statistical tests to compare the different groups.
Results. The median distribution of global ancestry was 58% European, 39% Amerindian, and 2% African. There were no significant differences in IBD risk based on ancestry proportion between cases and controls. Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients diagnosed before age 40 had a higher median Amerindian ancestry proportion (39.9% versus 37.4%, P value = 0.01). Conversely, UC patients with prolonged clinical and endoscopy remission had a lower median Amerindian ancestry proportion (35% versus 39%, P value = 0.02). In the Crohn’s Disease (CD) group, the median Amerindian ancestry proportion was lower in the group with perianal disease (33.5% versus 39.5%, P value = 0.03). Only 6% of patients with resective surgery had a higher Amerindian ancestry proportion.
Conclusion. Our study highlights the impact of Amerindian ancestry on IBD phenotypes, suggesting a role for genetic and ancestral factors in disease phenotype. Further investigation is needed to unravel the underlying mechanisms driving these associations.
Spatial quantum-interference landscapes of exciton polaritons with multi-site-controlled quantum dots in extended cavity modes
Authors: Huang Jiahui , Miranda Alessio , Liu Wei , Cheng Xiang , Dwir Benjamin , Rudra Alok , Chang Kai-Chi , Kapon Eli , Wong Chee Wei
Published: August 2024

Emission properties of quantum light source can be modified through tailored photonic cavities via Purcell effect or strong light-matter interactions with various applications in integrated quantum photonics. The interacting excitonic and photonic states are core elements in the framework of cavity quantum electrodynamics. Successful characterization of subwavelength features of photonic modes from photonic crystal cavities constitutes basic building blocks for engineering the quantum photonic circuits. Potential trapping of polaritonic states has made great progress towards realizing efficient polaritonic devices. However, spatially features of excitonic states are rarely explored because extended wavefunction of quantum well excitons in the conventional quantum well – distributed Bragg reflector cavity system cannot be spatially distinguished from the photonic states. In this work, interactions of site-controlled quantum dots with a high-order cavity mode of an L7-type photonic crystal cavity with extended photonic states are spatially- and spectrally-resolved. We observed the first detuning-dependent spatial avoided crossing of the exciton-polaritons by polarized-imaging of the microphotoluminescence. Interestingly, such phenomenon is observed to be dependent on the position of the quantum dot in the cavity, with our precise control of the four quantum dot sites in the microcavity. The observed effect arises due to a unique quantum interference feature and can facilitate a deeper understanding of the spatial extent of a localized strongly-coupled excitonic state interacting with an extended photonic mode pattern. Based on our results, incorporating site-controlled quantum dots at prescribed locations in a photonic structure with tailored spatial patterns of photonic states can enable new integrated photonic devices with functionalities such as single-photon transport to remote locations for quantum information processing, quantum engineering, and quantum metrology.
The research on mechanism and prevention strategy of coal and gas outburst in normal faults based on support body model
Authors: Yang Gang , Song Dazhao , He Xueqiu , Zhang Jianguo , Qiu Liming , Guo Minggong , Zhao Yingjie
Published: August 2024

The depth of coal mining in China is increasing year by year, and the coal and gas outburst disaster is becoming more and more serious, which threatens the safe production of coal energy. Most of the coal and gas outburst sites occur near normal faults tectonic zone. In this paper, the evolution law of stress field and displacement field of driving face under different tectonic zone width of the normal fault was studied, and the support body model of normal fault coal and gas outburst was constructed, the occurrence mechanism of normal fault coal and gas outburst was revealed, and the prevention and control strategy of normal fault coal and gas outburst was put forwarded. The results show that the greater the width of the fault tectonic zone, the higher the horizontal stress of the driving face, the greater the deformation degree, and the higher the risk of coal and gas outburst. Based on the support body model, the criterion of coal and gas outburst induced by disturbance of normal fault is proposed, and the evolution process of coal and gas outburst from start to end of normal fault is revealed. Using the microseismic and electromagnetic radiation to monitor the normal fault area, it is found that the fracture frequency and stress of coal rock in the normal fault area are significantly higher than those in the non-fault area, and the stress of fault hanging wall is higher than that of fault footwall. The prevention and control of coal and gas outburst in normal fault tectonic zone should be started from two aspects: eliminating the energy storage body and improving the supporting ability of tectonic zone. The research results provide a new strategy for the prevention and control of coal and gas outburst in fault zones.
MLKL are involved in the regulation of skin wound healing and the interplay between macrophages and myofibroblasts
Authors: Zhao Jiamin , Zhang Shuangyi , Bai Yunjie , Gong Zhiguo , Bao Wenhui , Yu Zhuoya , Liu Bo , Mao Wei , Hasi Surong
Published: August 2024

The pseudokinase mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) acts as a crucial effector in the necroptosis pathway. It is widely recognized that MLKL-dependent necrosis is closely related to inflammation in wound healing, which contributes to detrimental pathologies. In present study, transcriptome sequencing data indicate sustained overexpression of MLKL throughout the wound healing process, extending beyond the early inflammation phase. In vivo experiments clearly demonstrate that MLKL deficiency delays skin wound healing, as evidenced by morphological observations and pathological characteristics. MLKL deficiency impairs the synthesis of inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE2) and tissue repair-related molecules (EGF, VEGF, ERα, and MMP-9) at the wound site, potentially leading to delayed wound closure. Furthermore, we have identified the roles of MLKL and PGE2 in the interaction between macrophages (both classically activated and alternatively activated) and myofibroblasts, an interaction essential at each stage of wound healing. Our findings suggest that MLKL's involvement in wound healing may not solely rely on necrosis-induced inflammatory responses during the early stages but also contributes to other activities in tissue regeneration.
Expression of genes involved in insulin metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue of pregnant women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Authors: Alvandi Shirin Joodi , Ghoraeian Pegah , Alizadeh Alireza , Aghajanpour Sama , Emami Neda , Moini Ashraf , Shahhoseini Maryam , Schmutzler Andreas , Hafezi Maryam
Published: August 2024

Background
The qualitative analysis of adipose tissue (AT) is an exciting area for research and clinical applications in several diseases and it is emerging along with the approach to research on women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is a common disorder in women of reproductive age, which is associated with dysfunction of AT. The aim of study was comparing the expression of genes involved in insulin metabolism in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of pregnant women with and without PCOS.
Methods
In a case-control study, after cesarean section, SAT was taken from two groups of women with PCOS (n = 12) and without PCOS (non-PCOS;n = 24) (2:1 ratio control: case). Then the relative expression of Insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 (IRS1, IRS2), phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1) and phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate3-kinasecatalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) were measured using Real-time qPCR.
Results
No significant difference was observed in terms of age, pre-pregnancy BMI and BMI on the day of delivery between PCOS and non-PCOS groups. The mRNA levels of IRS1, IRS2, PIK3R1 and PIK3CA in the SAT of pregnant women with PCOS showed a significant decrease compared to non-PCOS pregnant women (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion
This is the first study in humans that investigated gene expression involved in insulin metabolism in subcutaneous AT of pregnant women with and without PCOS. Overall, dramatically decrease in mRNA abundance of IRS1, IRS2, PIK3R1 and PIK3CA in age and BMI-matched case and control groups, proposing the possible central role of AT for insulin metabolism in women suffering from PCOS during pregnancy and around parturition. Given that mRNA may not be directly proportional to the expression level of the proteins, further studies are warranted to elucidate the protein expression of selected factors in response to PCOS in pregnant women with PCOS.
Trial registration:
not applicable
Genome-wide and candidate gene association mapping for plant height in wheat
Authors: Suleman Hafiz Muhammad , Qayyum Humaira , ur-Rehman Sana , Majeed Khawar , Mukhtar Misbah , Zulfiqar Saima , Mahmood Zahid , Aziz Abdul , Fayyaz Muhammad , Cao Shuanghe , Rasheed Awais , He Zhonghu
Published: August 2024

Plant architecture and yield potential of wheat are significantly influenced by the plant height (PH). In the present study, a diversity panel consisting of 199 historical wheat cultivars of Pakistan was evaluated for PH in three environments, and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to identify loci associated with reduced height. GWAS identified 19 loci that were associated with reduced height, out of which 12 loci were consistently identified in all environments. Allelic variations were analyzed in the diversity panel for five Rht genes including Rht-B1, Rht-D1, Rht13, Rht25, and Rht26 using diagnostic KASP markers. Furthermore, a KASP marker was developed for the identification of dwarfing allele Rht-B1p in wheat. Allelic frequency of the GA-insensitive dwarfing allele Rht-B1b was pre-dominant (69.6%) followed by the GA-sensitive Rht26 mutant allele (58.5%). Five dwarfing allele of Rht25 including Rht25c, Rht25d, and Rht25e were rarely present in the cultivars with a frequency of 1.5%, 1%, 0.5%, respectively. The use of alternate dwarfing alleles to reduce PH can increase the genetic base of wheat cultivars by removing selection pressure on Rht-B1b/Rht-D1b haplotype and can lead to the development of wheat cultivars with improved characteristics such as reduced lodging risk, increased resource allocation to grain, improved harvest efficiency, enhanced crop stability, and adaptability.