bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyaz Baş Lahanada (Brassica oleracea var. capitata. L) Ebeveyn Hatların Kombinasyon Yeteneklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZER Mehtap , KAR Hayati , MURAT DOĞRU Şenay , KOBAL BEKAR Nur , KARAAĞAÇ Onur
Published: January 2021

Bu araştırmada Türkiye sebze üretiminde önemli bir paya sahip olan beyaz baş lahanada pazar değeri yüksek, sarmalık veya sanayide kullanılmak üzere nitelikli hat ve yerli F1 hibrit çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi ve bu çeşitlerinin tohumluk üretiminin erkek kısırlığı sistemiyle gerçekleştirilebilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Karadeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü tarafından geliştirilen 12 adet ileri kendileme kademesindeki fertil hatlar ile bu hatların CMSBY-31 ve CMSP62-1 sitoplazmik erkek kısır hatlar arasında yapılan melezlemeler sonucu ortaya çıkan hibritlerin baş özellikleri yönünden performansları incelenmiştir. Hibritlerin baş ağırlıkları 1442.5-5022.5 g, baş çapı 18.5- 27.9 cm, baş uzunluğu 12.1- 22.0 cm, iç sap çapı 3.0-4.2 cm, iç sap uzunluğu 6.9-12.1 cm, baş hacmi 2457.5-7231.6 cm3, baş yoğunluğu 0.46-0.89 gcm-3, sap hacmi 68.7-174.1 cm3, şekil indeksi 1.16-1.74 olarak bulunmuştur. Ebeveyn materyallerde ise baş ağırlıkları 1000.0-4600.0 g, baş çapı 15.2-28.8 cm, baş uzunluğu 13.7-22.0 cm, iç sap uzunluğu 5.0-10.7 cm, iç sap çapı 2.3-3.8 cm, baş hacmi 1572.8-7120.0 cm3, baş yoğunluğu 0.31-0.94 gcm-3, sap hacmi 46.4-128.6 cm3 ve şekil indeksi 0.91-1.81 olduğu saptanmıştır. Genel olarak hibrit ve ebeveyn hatlarda baş şeklinin eliptik, başın üst kısmı dış yapraklar tarafından örtülü, yaprakların açılma durumu iyi, başın et renginin krem veya beyaz olduğu tespit edilmiştir. CMSBY-31 test ebeveyni ile yapılan melezlerde verime etki eden baş ağırlığı, baş çapı, baş uzunluğu, baş hacmi değerlerinin daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırmada, baş ağırlığı, baş uzunluğu ve baş hacmi CMSBY-31 x W35 hibritinde; baş çapı, sap hacmi ve iç sap uzunluğu ise CMSBY-31 x GAB-F2 hibritlerinde daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır.
An Isolate of Bacillus clausii Appears to Possess Four Distinct Pectinolytic Activities
Authors: BERBER Sevinç , ÇETİNKAYA Serap
Published: January 2021

For the bacterial source, Koyulhisar (Sivas, Turkey) apple orchard soil samples were used. Obtained isolates were identified at the species level by partial protein- and 16S rRNA gene sequence homology All of them were determined to be Bacillus clausii. Cultures were prepared with these isolates and after removing the cells, the proteins in the upper fluid were precipitated with the help of an organic solvent. While performing pectinase screening, it was noticed that an existing protease digested other proteins. This proteolytic activity was eliminated by increasing the incubation temperature to 55oC. Four different pectinase activities, polygalacturonase, pectin lyase, pectate lyase, and pectin methylesterase, were then demonstrated. Four protein bands corresponding to these activities visualised by SDS-PAGE were 80 kDa, 58 kDa, 46 kDa and ~ 28 kDa, respectively. Spectroscopic methods were employed for the identification of the enzymes. The smallest protein band (28 kDa) was found to be pectin methylesterase. Km and Vmax values of this enzyme were 0.4 and 217U, respectively.
S-Bant Adımlı Septum Kutuplaştırıcı Tasarımı ve Analizi
Authors: AKAN Volkan
Published: January 2021

Dalga kılavuzlarının kullanılma fikri ve ilk tasarımları on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısına kadar uzanmaktadır. Ayrıca İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nda özellikle radar teknolojisinin temellerinin atılmasıyla dalga kılavuzları ve bu iletim hatları üzerinde tasarlanarak üretilen RF/Mikrodalga bileşenler kablosuz haberleşme teknolojilerinin vazgeçilmez yapılarından birisi olmuştur. Günümüzde de özellikle yüksek güç ihtiyacı olan RF/Mikrodalga sistemlerde sıklıkla görev almaktadırlar. Ayrıca dairesel kutuplanmalı açıklık antenler ve bu antenlerin besleme bileşenleri özellikle uydu haberleşmesinde önemli bir yer teşkil etmektedir. Mobil haberleşme sistemlerinde kutuplanma kaybının azaltılması, veri hızının artırılması için kutuplanma çeşitliğinin kullanılması vb. uygulamalarda bu yapılara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Özellikle dalga kılavuzu ile beslenen antenlerin dairesel kutuplanmalı elektromanyetik dalga yayması ya da alması için kutuplaştırıcı yapıları kullanılmaktadır. Bu yapılar antenin çevresine yerleştirilen özellikte olabileceği gibi anten girişinde ve dalga kılavuzu içinde de olabilmektedir. Bunlardan birisi de septum kutuplaştırıcıdır. Septum yapısı dalga kılavuzunun içinde yer aldığı için dış etkilere daha az maruz kalmakta ayrıca az hacimli ve hafifliği dolayısıyla da kullanım ve uygulama kolaylığı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada hem uzay kesimi hem de yer kesimi S-Bant uydu haberleşme sistemlerinde dairesel kutuplanmalı anten beslemelerinde kullanılmak üzere dört adımlı septum kutuplaştırıcının analiz ve tasarımı gerçekleştirilerek ticari bir elektromanyetik çözümleyicide benzetimleri yapılmıştır. Belirlenen yalıtım hedefleri doğrultusunda tasarım geri dönüş kaybı, port yalıtımı ve eksenel oran değerleri bakımından iyileştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar da belirtilen geri dönüş kaybı, port yalıtımı, eksenel oran ve ışıma örüntüsü olarak sunulmuştur. Bu sonuçlara göre tasarımı gerçekleştirilen dört adımlı septum kutuplaştırıcı yapısı özellikle S-Bant uydu haberleşme sistemlerinde dairesel kutuplanma elde etmek için anten girişlerinde kullanılabilir.
Environmentally Friendly Rapid Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles from Artemisia absinthium Plant Extract and Application of Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: KESKİN Cumali , ATALAR Mehmet Nuri , BARAN M.firat , BARAN Ayşe
Published: January 2021

Nanoparticles are used in many areas due to their superior properties. Recently, producing these particles using environmentally friendly synthesis methods has become very popular. Within this context, in this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by using a quick, eco-friendly method with the green leaf extract of Artemisia absinthium (wormwood). The grain size of the AuNPs was determined as 13.40 nm according to the Debye-Scherrer equation. The inhibitory effects of the AuNPs on the growth of the tested microorganisms were determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. The MIC is described as the minimum concentration of an antimicrobial agent that inhibits the growth of a microorganism. The obtained AuNPs were showed inhibitory effects on S. aureus, S. pyogenes, E. coli, P. aeruginosa strains and C. albicans yeast at concentrations of 0.250, 0.125, 0.125, 0.033 and 0.66 mg mL-1 respectively.
Frequency Dependence of Dielectric, Conductivity, Impedance and Electrical Modulus Properties of La3+ Substituted in Cobalt- Magnesium Ferrites
Authors: ŞAŞMAZ KURU Tuğba
Published: January 2021

In this study, structural, morphological, dielectric and AC conductivity properties of CoMgLa ferrite samples (Co0.5Mg0.5LaxFe2-xO4) were investigated according to the change of x (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5). Samples were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The structural properties were examined using XRD and results show that the prepared sample crystallizes in the cubic spinel structure. Crystallite sizes are changing between 24.92 to 9.80 nm. Morphological and elemental properties were analyzed by SEM and EDX. Dielectric properties were investigated by impedance spectroscopy. The samples showed normal dielectric properties consistent with the Maxwell-Wagner model due to interfacial polarization. When the impedance characteristics were examined, it was found that the relaxation process was compatible with the Cole-Cole model. The results of the modulus show that grains contribute to the relaxation process as well as grain boundaries. AC conductivity exhibited semiconductor behavior. The constant behavior of conductivity at low frequencies is a sign that the examined samples may be suitable for many applications.
Malatya İlindeki Atık Plastiklerin Dizel Motor Yakıtı Olarak Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BEHÇET Rasim , EROĞLU Ali
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada, Malatya ilindeki atık plastiklerin geri dönüşümünün sağlanması ve geri dönüşümü yapılan atık plastiklerin sıvılaştırılarak bir dizel motorda yakıt olarak test edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaca yönelik olarak geri dönüşümü yapılan atık plastiklerin sıvılaştırılması için yöntem olarak piroliz proses tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bununla beraber, atık plastik kaynaklı piroliz sıvısı elde edebilmek için hammadde olarak da Malatya ilinde atık hale gelen farklı tür plastik şişe ve kapakları ile atık enjektörler kullanılmıştır. Piroliz yönemi ile atık plastiklerden elde edilen piroliz sıvısı, hacimsel olarak %20 oranında standart dizel yakıtı (SDY) ile karıştırılarak APY20 olarak isimlendirilen karışım yakıt elde edilmiştir. SDY ve APY20 yakıtları, su ile soğutmalı ve tek silindirli bir dizel motorda test edilerek yakıtların motor performans ve emisyon değerleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda SDY’e göre APY20 karışım yakıtın motor momenti ve motor gücü değerlerinde azalma gerçekleşirken özgül yakıt tüketimi değerlerinde ise artış görülmüştür. Ayrıca, karışım yakıtın CO, HC ve CO2 emisyon değerleri dizel yakıta göre artarken NOx emisyon değerlerinde azalma görülmüştür.
An Intuitionistic Fuzzy-based MCDM Approach For Location Selection Of Pilot Area For Green Roof Systems In Igdir Province, Turkey
Authors: TÜRK Seda
Published: January 2021

Green roof systems have been placed as the key to facilitating to mitigate the effects of climate change and weather effects on urban environmental conditions. Green roof systems are defined as sustainable systems due to fact that these systems improve building envelope performance along with many advantages such as improvement on air quality, reduction on carbon emission and mitigation of urban heat island. In addition, Igdir is one of the provinces with the highest carbon emission-environmental pollution in Turkey. Hence, green roof system infrastructure is critical to mitigating effects of anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide and other “greenhouse” gases in Igdir. In this study, an intuitionistic fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision making approach is proposed to evaluate 5 neighborhoods that have been selected according to population density to find out a pilot area for installation. Three main; economical, environmental and social, and 12 their corresponding sub-criteria are used and the results indicate that the approach indeed found out that Baglar neighbourhood is the best area as a pilot to build up a green roof system.
Effects of Different Turbulators on Heat Transfer in Smoke Tube Boilers and Modeling of These Effects with Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: ÇITLAK Aydın , DEMİRPOLAT Ahmet Beyzade
Published: January 2021

In smoke pipe boilers, the thermal efficiency of the boiler depends on the smoke pipe diameter, smoke pipe length and the heat transfer between the smoke pipe and the outlet chimney. If the heat in the smoke pipes is effectively transported through the pipes, the heat distribution on the surfaces is balanced and the thermal efficiency of the boiler increases. In this study, the improvement of heat transfer in a solid fuel boiler with 125,000 kcal / h heat capacity with a diameter of 42 mm, chimney diameter of 230 mm and water inlet and outlet diameters of 65 mm was investigated by using 4 different types of strip turbulators. Experiments were carried out with turbulators placed in all the smoke pipes in the boiler. Firstly, experiments were carried out without placing a turbulator inside. In the second step, by placing turbulators in the smoke pipes, experiments were made for each type and heat transfer was calculated. In the experiments, the flow rate of the fan was changed with the help of damper and the reynolds number was calculated between 18000 and 28000. Turbulator experiments for heat transfer improvement have increased by at least %15 and at most %41 compared to turbulator free experiments. For the heat transfer increase values obtained because of calculations, predictive models were obtained using machine learning algorithms SVM (support vector machine) and decision tree (M5P model tree). The resulting models have been analyzed for error analysis and have been shown to successfully predict heat transfer increase values.
Examining the Function of Meromorphic with Using the Linear Convolution Operator
Authors: ŞAHİN Hasan
Published: January 2021

In this study, it is mentioned that meromorphic functions are univalent functions that
are analytical everywhere. Complex analytical transformations were investigated by mentioning the
necessary form for f (z) to have meromorphic function. It is a function that satisfies the condition
  0 hz  . For analytic functions of f and g in the D unit disk, ()fz shows the meromorphic
function class with P and subclasses of the P meromorphic analytical function class using the
subordination principle between functions with the help of Hadamard product and linear operators. In
this way proves is provided.
Doğal Elyaf Takviyeli Grafen Nanoplatelet Dolgulu Epoksi Matrisli Kompozitlerde Abrazif Aşınma
Authors: ERDOĞDU Yusuf Eren , TEMİZ Şemsettin
Published: January 2021

Son yıllarda düşük maliyet, biyobozunurluk, hafiflik gibi özelliklerinden dolayı doğal elyaf takviyeli kompozitler bazı alanlarda sentetik elyaf takviyeli kompozitlere alternatif hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, vakum destekli reçine transfer kalıplama (VDRTK) metodu ile üretilen jüt kumaş takviyeli ve farklı dolgu oranlarında (ağırlıkça % 0, 0.5, 1, 2) grafen nanoplatelet (GNP) dolgusu yapılmış epoksi matrisli kompozitlere abrazif aşınma testleri uygulanmıştır. Tribotestler pim-disk tipi tribotest cihazı kullanılarak 400 grit SiC zımpara kağıdı karşı yüzeyi üzerinde 5 N,10 N ve 15 N yüklerde 1m s-1 kayma hızında ve 200 m kayma mesafesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan testlerde ara yüzey sıcaklığı ve spesifik aşınma oranı değerleri takip edilmiştir. Spesifik aşınma oranının ağırlıkça %1 GNP dolgusunda minimum olduğu ve ara yüzey sıcaklığının genel olarak artan yük ile arttığı görülmüştür.
NRK-52E Hücre Serisinde Timokinon İndüklü PI3K/AKT/mTOR Yolak Aktivasyonu
Authors: YÜKSEK Veysel
Published: January 2021

Çalışma birçok hastalığın geleneksel tedavisinde kullanılan Nigella sativa (çörek otu)’nın önemli içeriliklerinden biri olan ve bazı ilaçların üretiminde kullanılan timokinonun (TQ), hücre proliferasyonunda rol oynayan PI3K/AKT/mTOR yolağında yer alan kavşak genlerinin ekspresyon seviyesine etkisini araştırmak amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma materyali olarak NRK-52E hücre serisi kullanıldı. Hücrelere farklı konsantrasyonlarda TQ uygulanarak MTT canlılık testi ile TQ nun proliferatif konsantrasyonu belirlendi. Belirlenen TQ konsantrasyonu hücrelere uygulandı ve PI3K/AKT/mTOR yolağında yer alan önemli kavşak genlerin ekspresyon düzeyleri gerçek zamanlı kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (RT-qPCR) yöntemiyle tespit edildi. TQ’nun belli konsantrasyona kadar hücre canlılığını artırdığı, sonrasında ise artan konsantrasyon miktarıyla birlikte sitotoksite oluşturduğu tespit edildi. TQ’nun proliferatif konsantrasyonu 10 µM olarak belirlendi. TQ uygulandıktan 24 saat sonra bir reseptör kinaz alt ünitesi olan ERBB2 artışı ile birlikte PI3K ve AKT1 gen düzeylerinin de arttığı, buna karşın mTOR ekspresyon düzeyinde azalma olduğu belirlendi. Bu verilere göre, geleneksel tıpta çokça kullanılan ve içeriğinde timokinon bulunan N. Sativa’nın düşük konsantrasyonda tüketilmesinin yararlı olabileceği, buna karşın yüksek konsantrasyonda tüketilmesinin böbrek hasarına yol açabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu olasılığının araştırılmaya değer olduğu ve bu amaçla daha ileri çalışmaların planlanmasının yararlı olabileceği, TQ’un moleküler düzeyde farklı hücre türlerine olan etkisinin araştırılmasında ileriki çalışmalara ışık tutabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Egg production and quality of Magelang duck, Mojosari duck, and their reciprocal crosses
Authors: Henrik Henrik , Marhayani Marhayani
Published: January 2021

This experiment was conducted to study the egg production and quality of Magelang, Mojosari duck, and their reciprocal crosses. Forty-eight of twenty weeks old ducks were used for a total of 4 treatments. The treatments were T1=Magelang duck; T2= ♂ Magelang x ♀ Mojosari; T3=Mojosari; and T4= ♂ Mojosari x ♀ Magelang. This research was design by Completed Randomized Design and replicated by 10 times according to number of female ducks in every treatment. Hen Day Production (HDP) as long as 12 weeks were collected as an egg production variable. Egg weight, albumen weight, yolk weight, shell thickness, and Haugh Unit (HU) as the egg quality variable. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance with one-way classification and Honestly Significance Difference. The result showed that were significantly different (P<0.01) on egg production and quality. The egg production was 60.57, 65.29, 68.86, and 61.00%, egg weight was 67.14, 59.79, 61.80, and 6.40 g, yolk weight was 25.06, 23.34, 23.23, and 24.46 g, albumen weight was 33.44, 31.41, 31.73, and 33.35 g, shell thickness were 0.50, 0.60, 0.57, and 0.53, HU were 74.24, 74.48, 72.57, and 71.03 respectively for T1, T2, T3, and T4. Egg production of Mojosari duck higher than Magelang duck (P<0.01) whereas egg quality of Magelang duck higher than Mojosari duck (P<0.01).
Kidding rate of artificial insemination with Boer goat liquid semen during chilled preservation using coconut water-based diluent
Authors: Ade Salim Muhammad , Nur Ihsan Muhammad , Isnaini Nurul , Susilawati Trinil
Published: January 2021

The quality of liquid semen with coconut water as diluent could be preserved up to 3 to 4 days during cold storage at 4 - 5oC. In this research, the successful insemination rate of coconut water-based diluent Boer goat liquid semen was observed to understand the application of coconut water as semen diluent. The materials used in this research were 5 to 7 months Viridis coconut water, liquid semen from 3 years old Boer buck, 30 does for acceptor, and Tris-aminomethane added with 10% egg yolk (EY) as a control diluent. The Boer semen was collected once a week by using artificial vagina, diluted and then stored before used for insemination. The insemination was done by using intra-cervical method at position 3, started with estrous synchronization by using 2 mL PGF2α. The research was conducted as experimental method under randomized group design with two treatments, that were Tris-aminomethane + 10% EY (P0) and coconut water + 10% EY (P1). All of the treatments were repeated for 15 times and the collected data were analyzed with Pearson’s chi square with Genstat 18 program. The observed variables include non-return rate and kidding rate. The results showed that the first non-return rate of P1 were 93.33% and in P0 were 73.33%, while the second non-return rate of P1 were 93.33% and in P0 were 80%. Furthermore, the kidding rate of P1 were 40% and P0 were 66.66%. The Pearson’s chi square analysis showed that there was no effect of coconut water as semen diluent to the kidding rate. The research concludes that the usage of coconut water as semen diluent did not affect the successful insemination rate of Boer goat.
Analysis of Rabbit fillet business with the business model canvas approach at Azhar Farm
Authors: Azizah Siti , Budi Handoko Hafidz
Published: January 2021

The Azhar Farm rabbit fillet business is currently facing various obstacles to maintain sustainability and expand the product marketing area, the Azhar Farm company is demanded to be able to improve performance by improving its previous business model.This research was conducted to find a general description of the business, the business model of canvas that has been used, and create improvement recommendations for business models of the rabbit fillet business at Azhar Farm. This type of research is descriptive. The Business Model Canvas uses a qualitative approach, while the SWOT uses a quantitative approach with data collection conducted for two and a half months from January to March 2020.This research is focused on the level of renewal of information obtained from the real situation. It provides recommendations for business models improvement with the Business Model Canvas tool by looking at Azhar Farm through the nine elements of BMC. The SWOT analysis results show that the value of the axis (X) of 0.68 and the value of the axis (Y) of 0.97 reflect a positive state and are in quadrant I with the strategy that must be implemented is aggressive.In the rabbit fillet,Azhar Farm also needs to make improvements to the nine elements of BMC to be able to compete and expand the market and maintain stability in the business.
Evaluation of booster additive with different DOC body weight on Broiler production performance in closed house
Authors: Muharlien Muharlien , Sudjarwo Edhy , Lestari Yulianti Dyah , Setyo Prayogi Heni
Published: January 2021

This experiment was carried out in a 7,500 m2 poultry closed house located between the geographical coordinates 7°21ʹ-7°31ʹ south latitude and 110°10ʹ-111°31ʹ west longitude and an average altitute of 654 m, from July to August 2020. The chickens were placed in 24 pens measuring 1 m2 each at stocking density of 4 chickens m-2. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of three initial weight (chick weight on first day of experiment) and two types of mixed feed on broiler performance. A total 96 day old chicks strain CP 707 derived from the same flock of breeders, was distributed in completely randomized experimental design with 3 (initial weight) by two type of mixed feed five repliated per treatment. The feed was complete feed produced by PT. Charoen Pokphand Indonesia Tbk. Complete feed was given based on the maintenance phase, include BR0 (1-7 days old), BR1 (8-21 days), and BR2 (>21 days). The booster additive was a commercial product. Initial weights were classified as light (37-41 g), medium (42-46 g) and heavy (>47 g), whereas mixed feed (with and without additive booster) were used as daily chicken feed. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and means were compared by Tukey’s test at 95% confidence level. Initial weight and types of mixed feed have no effect on feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, dan production index.
Toward a Working Definition of eCohort Studies in Health Research: Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Nittas Vasileios , Puhan Milo Alan , von Wyl Viktor
Published: January 2021

Background

The wide availability of internet-connected devices and new sensor technologies increasingly infuse longitudinal observational study designs and cohort studies. Simultaneously, the costly and time-consuming nature of traditional cohorts has given rise to alternative, technology-driven designs such as eCohorts, which remain inadequately described in the scientific literature.

Objective

The aim of this study was to outline and discuss what may constitute an eCohort, as well as to formulate a first working definition for health researchers based on a review of the relevant literature.

Methods

A two-staged review and synthesis process was performed comparing 10 traditional cohorts and 10 eCohorts across the six core steps in the life cycle of cohort designs.

Results

eCohorts are a novel type of technology-driven cohort study that are not physically linked to a clinical setting, follow more relaxed and not necessarily random sampling procedures, are primarily based on self-reported and digitally collected data, and systematically aim to leverage the internet and digitalization to achieve flexibility, interactivity, patient-centeredness, and scalability. This approach comes with some hurdles such as data quality, generalizability, and privacy concerns.

Conclusions

eCohorts have similarities to their traditional counterparts; however, they are sufficiently distinct to be treated as a separate type of cohort design. The novelty of eCohorts is associated with a range of strengths and weaknesses that require further exploration.
Real-Time Respiratory Tumor Motion Prediction Based on a Temporal Convolutional Neural Network: Prediction Model Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chang Panchun , Dang Jun , Dai Jianrong , Sun Wenzheng
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

The dynamic tracking of tumors with radiation beams in radiation therapy requires the prediction of real-time target locations prior to beam delivery, as treatment involving radiation beams and gating tracking results in time latency.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, a deep learning model that was based on a temporal convolutional neural network was developed to predict internal target locations by using multiple external markers.

METHODS

Respiratory signals from 69 treatment fractions of 21 patients with cancer who were treated with the CyberKnife Synchrony device (Accuray Incorporated) were used to train and test the model. The reported model’s performance was evaluated by comparing the model to a long short-term memory model in terms of the root mean square errors (RMSEs) of real and predicted respiratory signals. The effect of the number of external markers was also investigated.

RESULTS

The average RMSEs of predicted (ahead time=400 ms) respiratory motion in the superior-inferior, anterior-posterior, and left-right directions and in 3D space were 0.49 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.67 mm, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The experiment results demonstrated that the temporal convolutional neural network–based respiratory prediction model could predict respiratory signals with submillimeter accuracy.
Perception and awareness of COVID-19 among health science students at Kuwait University: An online cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Alali Walid , AlFouzan Wadha , Aljimi Dhuha , Altawalah Haya , Kheirallah Khalid , Yimer Ali
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is unprecedented. Health science students are the future frontliners to fight pandemics.

OBJECTIVE

Awareness and perception toward COVID-19 among health science students at Kuwait University was assessed.

METHODS

Between June and July 2020, an online questionnaire was distributed to all students at HCS. The questionnaire was divided into six sections: socio-demography, risk and awareness, preparedness and prevention, source of information, policies, and social stigma.

RESULTS

A total of 592 students completed the questionnaire. The self-reported COVID-19 prevalence among students was 2.7%. About 54% of students reported that they knew someone within their immediate social environment who have been/are infected with SARS-CoV-2. The prevalence of self-reported chronic condition among students was 14.0% including 42.2% reported having a form of asthma. Among students, 92.4% wore face mask in indoor places (outside of their home) ‘often/all the time’ compared to wearing it outdoors (69.3%). Students indicated a great deal of trust in official government press releases and consultation with healthcare workers. On COVID-19 vaccination, 50% of students ‘strongly agreed’ to uptake it with an additional 25.8% ‘agreed’ to taking it. Participants strongly agreed or agreed (72.5% and 19.6%, respectively) that wearing face mask in public should be obligatory. More than 18% of students indicated that they would avoid contact with COVID-19 infected people.

CONCLUSIONS

: Responses of students showed that they follow precautionary measures to control spread of COVID-19, understand the viral transmission risk, and willing to uptake the COVID-19 vaccine.
Kinerja Pendidikan Dasar Setelah Sembilan Tahun Otonomi Asimetris di Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Uswanas Mohammad , Keban Yeremias T. , Hadna Agus Heruanto , Kutanegara Pande Made
Published: January 2021

Special Autonomy (Otsus) for Papua and West Papua is expected to improve people’s welfare comprehensively. The implementation of Otsus for Papua and West Papua has emphasized on the development or improvement of education, particularly basic education, particularly the basic education. The granting of Otsus status is accompanied by a sufficient financial supports to conduct development programs in both provinces. However, a question has araised which needed to be answered. Did the large financial support could significantly increase the coverage as well as improve the quality of basic education services in West Papua Province? The purpose of this study is to determine the driving and hindering factors of education performance in West Papua Province by utilizing descriptive-evaluative methods and ex-post facto. Secondary data is obtained from relevant institutions and pimary data is obtained from in-depth interviews, participatory observations, document reviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The study reveals that the policy of asymmetric decentralization education in West Papua Province is far from expectations. Factors that hindered the improvement basic education in West Papua Province are policy implementations, standardization of achievements, regional sovereignity in preparing program plans and action plans. Asides from that were specific factors, such as accessibilty, school proximity, geographical constraints and low dedication of teachers.
Perilaku Seksual Remaja dan Pengaruh Lingkungan Sosial pada Anak-Anak Keluarga Migran dan Nonmigran
Authors: Purwatiningsih Sri
Published: January 2021

Premarital sexual behavior in adolescents is a social problem that needs attention. Premarital sexual behavior is problematic, because it is not balanced with adequate knowledge of reproductive health, so it often results in unwanted pregnancies among adolescents. The social environment is one of the factors that can be a driving factor for adolescent behavior, but on the other hand the social environment can also make behavioral changes. This article will describe adolescent sexual behavior, both for adolescents from migrant and non-migrant households in the CHAMPSEA (Child Health and Migrant Parents in South East Asia) research area in West Java and East Java. Respondents for this article are young adults with a sample of 429 adolescents from migrant and non-migrant households. The results of the study show that as many as 5.07 percent of unmarried adolescents have had premarital sexual relations, which are carried out both by adolescents from migrant and non-migrant households. Based on gender, premarital sexual behavior is more often carried out by girls than boys. While the age of first premarital sexual intercourse is mostly carried out by adolescents aged 18 years (35 percent), which is different from their perceptions of the age of marriage. Whereas based on the social environment of adolescents, there are 28.74 percent of respondents who have friends who have premarital sexual relations, have premarital sexual relations.
Kajian Delinkuensi Anak di Indonesia Tahun 2011-2015
Authors: Khusna Nisa’ul , Budiarti Winih
Published: January 2021

Istilah juvenile delinquency digunakan untuk menyatakan kenakalan anak. Istilah ini tidak hanya digunakan untuk kenakalan anak biasa, tetapi juga termasuk kenakalan anak yang apabila dilakukan oleh orang dewasa tergolong dalam tindakan kriminal. Delinkuensi anak di Indonesia saat ini menjadi masalah yang serius. Jumlah anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum meningkat tajam pada kurun waktu enam tahun terakhir. Anak yang pernah menjadi pelaku delinkuensi akan berpotensi kembali melakukan tindakan kriminal saat dewasa, sehingga nantinya dapat memengaruhi proses pembangunan nasional. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis regresi data panel dari tahun 2011-2015 pada 27 provinsi untuk mengetahui variabel-variabel yang memengaruhi tingkat delinkuensi anak secara makro berdasarkan social factor delinquency theory. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel pendapatan per kapita berpengaruh negatif terhadap tingkat delinkuensi, sedangkan rata-rata lama sekolah, dan persentase pengguna internet berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat delinkuensi anak di Indonesia.The term juvenile delinquency is not only used for ordinary child delinquency, but also includes juvenile delinquency which is classified as a crime if this is performed by an adult. The child delinquency in Indonesia is a serious problem and classified as serious crimes as seen from the types of crimes committed by children. Moreover, the number of children in conflict with the law has risen sharply in the last six years. Children who have been perpetrators of delinquency will potentially return to committing criminal acts as adults, so they can later influence the national development process. This study conducted a panel data regression analysis from 2011-2015 in 27 provinces to find out the variables that affect the level of child delinquency based on social factor delinquency theory. The results of this study indicate that the variable income per capita has a negative effect on the level of delinquency, while the average length of schooling and the percentage of internet users have a positive effect on the level of child delinquency in Indonesia.
Anaphora and Merge
Authors: Kang Namkil
Published: January 2021

The ultimate goal of this paper is to show that binding can be captured in terms of Merge and Transfer. It is well-known that the phi-deficiency view of anaphora is taken to be the predominant view in the Minimalist literature and that an anaphor is assumed to be a nominal that lacks one or more phi-features. We examine the phi-deficiency view of anaphora and argue that animate features, phi-features, and R-features are necessary. Korean ku-casin “he-self” and English himself underspecified for R-features are subject/object/indirect object-oriented and are strictly local anaphors. On the other hand, Korean caki “self” underspecified for phi-features is subject/object-oriented and both locally and non-locally bound. Korean caki-casin “self-self” underspecified for both features (phi-features and R-features) are subject-oriented and strictly a local anaphor. Finally, within the Minimalist work, we show that binding can be captured by animate features, phi-features, R-features, Merge, and Transfer. Transfer provides the governing category and semantic computations, by which binding can be captured.
PRIOZERSKY MILITARY SANATORIUM. 75 YEARS SINCE ITS FOUNDATION
Authors: Nikitin E. A.
Published: January 2021

In 2020, the Priozersky sanatorium celebrated its 75th anniversary. Unique reporting data of the sanatorium stage of treatment of patients from the first years of the sanatorium’s Foundation have been preserved. The structure of treated patients by population changed significantly over the years, but always corresponded to the profile of the sanatorium. The existing system of medical and medical-psychological rehabilitation ensures that all categories of patients receive full treatment.
CONTRIBUTION COLONEL OF MEDICAL SERVICE N. N. GURIN IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NAVAL SURGERY (TO THE 90 ANNIVERSARY FROM THE BIRTHDAY)
Authors: Soloviev I. A. , Logunov V. K. , Utochkin A. P. , Kuchev R. D.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the eminent naval surgeon Professor Gurin Nikolay Nikolaevich, head of the Department of marine medicine of the Leningrad GIUV (1978–1980), Vice-rector Langius (1984–1995), Colonel of medical service. Nikolai Nikolaevich graduated from the Naval medical Academy in 1955 and was sent to the black sea fleet. Winner of the government of the Russian Federation award (1999) in the field of education for the development and implementation of systems of practice (clinical doctor) for medical higher educational institutions. In 1959–1962, he studied in the clinical residency of the VMGH clinic, and in 1969–1982, he was the chief surgeon OF the DRA. Scientific works: «Military field surgery» textbook (1980); «Marine medicine» guide for doctors ‘ exams (1989); «General medical practice (family medicine)» (1996). Monographs: «Diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis on ships at sea» (1994); «Treatment of acute cholecystitis» (1999); «Choice of method for treatment of stomach ulcers» (2001); «Family medicine of Gatchina» (2001); «Treatment of complicated osteomyelitis» (2004); «First aid» (2009);«Surgical care for stomach wounds» (2010). Awarded 14 medals. Including the medal «for services to the Fatherland of the II degree».
LENINGRAD INSTITUTE OF TRANSFUSION UNDER THE SIEGE AND IN FIRST POSTWAR PERIOD. TRUTH AND FICTION
Authors: Bobrus V. V.
Published: January 2021

Basing on detailed study of open information and documentary sources, the author of the paper assumed the ground-lessness of official narrative setting out in the A. A. Crohn’s book «Deep-sea master. A tale of friend” (Moscow, New World Journal. Congress of People’s Deputies of the Soviet Union Publishing House, 1984. 272 p.) with regard to causes of conviction of the Hero of the Soviet Union, Diver No. 1 — A. I. Marinesco, as a result of malice from former director of Leningrad Institute of Transfusion (LIT) — associate professor, candidate of medicine V. V. Kuharchik. An exceptional importance of collaborative work of collective and chiefs of LIT on organization of donor movement under the severe conditions of the siege Leningrad and in a time of despiteous political repressions during the Great Patriotic War was shown. On the basis of analysis of confusion of biographies of two special persons: A. I. Marinesco and V. V. Kuharchik, it was made a conclusion of necessity of continuation historical and documentory studies aimed to discover the historical truth representing heroism of Soviet people at struggle with fascism.
MEDICAL SERVICE OF THE NAVY OF THE USSR IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945 (to the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory)
Authors: Mosyagin I. G.
Published: January 2021

Together with all the millions of people during the past war, thousands of medical workers of the USSR Navy fulfilled their patriotic duty. During the war, the medical service of the USSR Navy provided for the use of medical vessels on all fleets. The medical service of the fleets did not intend to carry out sea transportation of the wounded in the interests of the ground forces, so it was planned to put into operation only 9 medical vessels. The heroic traditions of Russian naval medicine are carefully preserved and enhanced by the current medical staff of the Navy.
MILES OF IMMORTALITY… (NEW HISTORY ON THE DEATH OF THE HEALTH TRANSPORT «ARMENIA»)
Authors: Mosyagin I. G. , Murynin V. A. , Zubarev A. A.
Published: January 2021

The article tells about the heroic epic of one of the ships of the Black Sea Fleet’s health service ambulance squad, which participated in the defense of Odessa and Sevastopol in October-November 1941 — sanitary transport «Armenia.» As a result of search work in the archives of the Russian Ministry of Defense with declassified documents in 2020, data on the volume of evacuated defenders of Odessa and Sevastopol, as well as the personnel of the crew of «Armenia» and medical personnel, who died on the ship on November 7, 1941, are being entered into scientific circulation. The preconditions for the sea disaster and the death of 5–7 thousand people are analyzed.
Euceramus transversilineatus (Decapoda: Porcellanidae) living in the mantle lobe of the snail Melongena patula (Gastropoda: Melongenidae) in the south eastern Gulf of California: Inference of a biological association
Authors: Góngora-Gómez Andrés Martín , García-Ulloa Manuel II , García-Ulloa Diego , Manuel García-Ulloa Manuel , Salgado-Barragán José , Arzola-González Juan Francisco , Hernández-Sepúlveda Juan Antonio
Published: January 2021

There are abundant reports of symbiosis wherein crustaceans live inside or on mollusks; however, there are few published records of gastropods hosting decapods. This study examines the biological association between fifteen snails (124.86 ± 19.01) from the species Pacific crown conch Melongena patula and the porcelain crab Euceramus transversilineatus. Morphometric relationships of both invertebrates, as well as some sexual characteristics of the crab were conducted. These invertebrates were sampled in the Navachiste Lagoon, in the south eastern Gulf of California, Sinaloa, Mexico. It was found 86.6% of the snails housed at least a female or a male porcelain crab (17.82 ± 3.27 mm total body length) or a pair of them (heterosexual and same sex) with a sexual proportion of 2M:1F. There were no correlations between any of the crab and snail based on their analyzed morphometric relationships. For the crab males, the measurements of both chelae presented relationships with total body length, carapace length, and abdomen width however, no significant differences were observed between the mean width and chelae length of males, females or between sexes. Of the six females collected, four were gravid. Preliminary observations indicated that the porcelain crab E. transversilineatus is a commensal endosymbiont that coexist in short-term association with M. patula. Their population distribution suggests that E. transversilineatus are polygamous with a promiscuous mating pattern.
Effective Disposal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Waste: A Note to the Health Care Professional
Authors: Arigela Sai Likhitha  , Hindustan Abdul Ahad  , Chinthaginjala Haranath  , Swamygari Satya Harsha  , Kumbarthi Thanmayadivya  , Gopavaram Sumanth  , Ambati Nagarajeswari
Published: January 2021

The current appraisal aims to educate and give valuable information about disposal methods adopted in hospitals and health sectors. Many healthcare departments like microbiology labs, pharma industries, medical agencies, healthcare sectors all produce waste which usually contains unsafe materials that should not be exposed untreated to the atmosphere. In these health sectors, many types of wastes are separated as lab debris, chemical, and biological waste. These waste are rich in contaminants and pathogenic microbes which will be more lethal if they are not properly disposed of. The authors describe the various wastes and  the  definite  discarding  process  to  minimize  costs  and  impact  on  the  surroundings.  Presently  many  of  these  sector professionals have some difficulty in disposal, these issues can be overcome by the systematic and easy plan described by the authors. Specific treatment  must  be required for this waste before they disposed off. This waste must be washed before introducing them into a particular disposable discard. Medical waste can be disposed of thoroughly as they contain infectious or non-infectious microorganisms. Biological and pharmaceutical waste must be disposed of, to prevent environmental hazards. Among the various approaches adopted for the disposing of these waste includes incineration, autoclaving, chemical disinfection, ignitability, etc. are popularly adopted. Each particular waste can be disposed of in a specific manner. The authors succeed in bringing the systematic approach in the disposal of waste in health care units and concludes that proper disposal is important to reduce the contamination and pollution of the environment and maintain a healthy atmosphere.
Fabrication and Characterization of Lercanidipine Hydrochloride Solid Dispersions by Fusion Technique
Authors: Nazemoon Reddy  , Swarnalatha Dugasani  , Devanna Nayakanti
Published: January 2021

The authors aimed to design solid dispersions with Lercanidipine Hydrochloride (LCD) with PVP K-30, Poloxamer-188, and HPMC K4M as carriers. Various mixtures of LCD and Polymers (PVP K-30, Poloxamer-188, and HPMC K4M) were made in 1:1, 1:3, 1:5 and 1:7 ratios, and the solid dispersion was prepared by melting tactic, later compressed into tablets. Drug excipient compatibility studies were examined by DSC and FTIR studies. LCD was found to compatible with carriers used. The LCD solid dispersion was measured for physicochemical quality both in solid dispersions SD, and tablet states. The LCD solid dispersions found to  have  excellent flow  possessions  and compression  assets.  The  yield  of  prepared solid  dispersion  was observed to be more than 90%), and the formulation LPOX-3 has showed a good yield of 98.9±1.95%, The tablets which were compressed  from solid  dispersions  were  found  to have a uniform  in size, shape, color, and consistency.  The tablets  were observed to have a uniform in thickness, and weight and ranged from 300.2±1.64 to 301.7±1.64 mg. The loss on friability was less than 1%, and the hardness was more than 4 Kg/cm2 indicates significant mechanical strength and the LCD content was also found to be uniform (96.8±1.35 to 99.9±2.34). The solubility of LCD was found to be good in 0.1N HCl and diminished with an increase in pH of the buffer. LCD released from the tablets were firstly by eruption followed by zero order. The dissolution was found to be good in solid dispersions with LCD: Poloxamer-188 at the ratio of 1:5. The results obtained were satisfactory. The study concludes that LCD solid dispersions (LPOX-3) with 1:5 ratios of LCD and Poloxamer-188 was found to be a better carrier than PVP K-30, and HPMC K4M in increasing the solubility of LCD from the solid dispersions.
Um framework para concepção de Smart Learning Environments
Authors: David Netto Silveira Pedro , Cury Davidson , Silva de Menezes Crediné
Published: January 2021

A consequência da imersão da sociedade na cultura digital, é uma tendência em avançarmos rumo a uma escola digital apoiada pela aprendizagem informal e personalizada. Os ecossistemas de aprendizagem, se devidamente fomentados, são um potencializador desta escola em meio a esse processo de transformação. Propomos neste artigo um framework para apoiar a modelagem de ambientes de aprendizagem inteligentes capazes de estimular as interações nos diversos ecossistemas que participamos e dessa forma favorecer a construção do conhecimento. Também apresentamos três instâncias do framework, a primeira para demonstrar a concepção de um ambiente inteligente de recomendações de nossa autoria para apoiar a aprendizagem enquanto as outras duas são para fins de validação, demonstrando que o framework é capaz de atender as especificações de sistemas previamente existentes que notadamente se comportem como um ambiente de aprendizagem inteligente.
Uso de métodos estatísticos e computacionais em pesquisas educacionais utilizando o Moodle: um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura
Authors: Dalcin Eduardo , Abegg Ilse , Ceretta Paulo
Published: January 2021

Este estudo apresenta os resultados de um mapeamento sistemático da literatura, que buscou investigar o uso de métodos estatísticos e computacionais em pesquisas educacionais utilizando o Moodle, no âmbito nacional e internacional. Após a seleção dos estudos primários, foram analisados 59 trabalhos, os quais registraram as maiores frequências para o uso de medidas descritivas, algoritmo de aprendizado de máquina (Machine Learning) e estudos envolvendo as variáveis: aprendizagem, interação e interatividade. As contribuições mais citadas foram relacionadas com o acompanhamento de estudantes, aprendizado online e inovações tecnológicas nos ambientes virtuais de ensino e aprendizagem. Como limitações registraram-se o aumento do número de variáveis e diferentes análises nos processos de interações. A pesquisa apresentou contribuições relevantes, principalmente para aperfeiçoar e (re)planejar metodologias de ensino a distância em momentos de distanciamento social .
Aprendizagem das operações de adição e subtração baseada na Teoria dos Campos Conceituais
Authors: Corradi Genilson Gomes , Silva de Menezes Crediné
Published: January 2021

A Teoria dos Campos Conceituais, concebida para favorecer a aprendizagem das operações de adição e subtração, tem encontrado barreiras na sua implantação. Realizamos um experimento em escolas da rede pública, usando um ambiente digital para apoiar o trabalho de professores e alunos no contexto do Campo Aditivo. Os resultados obtidos sinalizam melhorias nas aprendizagens dos alunos e na mediação dos professores. O experimento apontou ainda oportunidades para melhorias no ambiente.