bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Marketing in Social Media: Investigating the Precursor in Influencing Behaviors of Government Healthcare Campaign
Authors:   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Hadiansyah Laksmi Saraswati , Nasution Reza Ashari
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Social media platforms have become a tool for spreading information in society, it enables the government to use this media for giving information to the public, especially in pandemic situations. Social media has revolutionized the way of reaching out to consumers and communicating with them. Branding in social media strategy is commonly used in advertising and product marketing but has not been widely used in the health communication field. In this study, we shine a light on the new way health communications marketing is reaching audiences with health messages. The information adoption process in social media might be a strategy for spreading trusted information on the internet, so this study aims to examine the precursor of this case. Using Structural Equation Model (SEM) we identify the relationship between variables influencing certain behaviors related to health content in social media. This study used snowballing technique for collecting data through online questionnaires with a sample of 297 respondents who were in accordance with the criteria of the population. We offer insight for future research on these topics by discussing the public marketing role in social media interaction. Our outcome of the study to serve as a platform to positively impact future research on information in social media regarding health is being delivered to society. Furthermore, the study may develop a socialization program to educate society, campaign for a healthy lifestyle, and health information media using social media. Keywords: Social marketing, social media, information adoption, sharing behavior, cet framework.
Integration of Three-Dimensional Reflections from Curved Mirrors Using Computer Algebra Tools
Authors: Suncov O. , Zhikharev L. , Efremov A.
Published: March 2024

This article is a continuation of the study of the process of reflection of various objects from curved mirrors. So, earlier in the works [18; 20], a geometric method of constructing the results of reflections was described, which was implemented mathematically in the article [38] using the principles of analytical geometry [6; 11–14; 30]. The obtained analytical equations of the reflection results were visualized in the Wolfram Mathematica [24] program with the ability to dynamically change the parameters of the mirror and the reflected object. However, in the listed works, only cases of reflection on the plane were considered. In this study, attention is paid to a more complex case — reflection in three-dimensional space.

The article considered the reflection of a point from surfaces of the second order: a cylinder, a cone, a single-cavity and double-cavity hyperboloids, a sphere, elliptical and hyperbolic paraboloids, and from a torus — a surface of the fourth order. As before, the reflection result obtained in each of the cases is accompanied by a program code for Wolfram Mathematica, which allows the reader to independently simulate the reflection process with different initial parameters.

In addition, the relationships between the results obtained were analyzed — both the relationships between the results of various three-dimensional reflections, and the relationship of the results of three-dimensional reflections with the results of similar plane reflections. In particular, on the basis of this, a hypothesis was formulated about the relationship between the curvature of the Gaussian mirror and the dimension of the object obtained as a result of reflection.

Based on the results of the work, conclusions were drawn and prospects for further research were outlined. One of them is to obtain an analytical mechanism for describing complex geometric surfaces using a set of simpler objects. This feature will increase the efficiency of specialists when working with reflections from complex surfaces in areas such as aircraft construction (for creating aerodynamic surfaces and air ducts), medicine [40], shipbuilding [7; 31; 42], etc.
Demograficzne konsekwencje zróżnicowania społecznego w osiemnastowiecznej Polsce
Authors: Poniat Radosław , Guzowski Piotr , Kaźmierczyk Ewa , Liedke Marzena
Published: March 2024

W literaturze historycznej stosunkowo często podkreśla się zróżnicowanie społeczne i ekonomiczne dawnych populacji, ale rzadko zjawisko to analizowane jest kwantytatywnie, zwłaszcza w przypadku społeczeństwa Rzeczypospolitej przedrozbiorowej. Warunki mieszkaniowe, higiena, dieta, charakter aktywności zawodowej czy poziom bezpieczeństwa wpływały na biologiczny standard życia, który można badać m.in. za pomocą metodologii demograficznej. Artykuł wskazuje społeczne zróżnicowanie takich parametrów demograficznych, jak dalsze trwanie życia osób dorosłych, wielkość i struktura gospodarstw domowych oraz wiek opuszczania gospodarstwa domowego.
Doświadczenie społeczne służby wojskowej w ludowym Wojsku Polskim: terra incognita?
Authors: Jarosz Dariusz
Published: March 2024

Artykuł zawiera próbę charakterystyki rozwoju historii społecznej ludowego Wojska Polskiego po 1989 r., w tym szczególnie społeczno-psychologicznych aspektów służby wojskowej. Autor podjął próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, jakie przyczyny mogły spowodować relatywną słabość tego nurtu badawczego. Jednocześnie wskazuje na materiały źródłowe, które jego zdaniem wypełniają luki w historiografii na ten temat. Studium oparte jest przede wszystkich na analizie materiałów archiwalnych, odnalezionych w Centralnym Archiwum Wojskowym – Wojskowym Biurze Historycznym w Warszawie.
Zapomniane wybory. O lwowskiej Radzie Miejskiej 1892 roku
Authors: Biedrzycka Agnieszka
Published: March 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie przebiegu i wyników wyborów do lwowskiej Rady Miejskiej w styczniu 1892 r. W trakcie liczenia głosów doszło do fałszerstw mających na celu zwiększenie szans kandydatów komitetu miejskiego, co spowodowało protesty członków komisji skrutacyjnej i wyborców. Powołana przez nowo obraną Radę komisja weryfikacyjna, złożona z radnych popieranych przez komitet miejski, przyznała, iż doszło do nieprawidłowości, uznała jednak wybory za ważne, unieważniając jedynie mandat jednego z pięciu radnych, na rzecz których dokonywano fałszerstw. Dopiero gdy z mandatów zrezygnowało 38 radnych, Rada uznała wybory za nieważne. Kolejne wybory przeprowadzono w styczniu 1893 r.: spośród pięciu beneficjentów fałszerstw wybrano (w wyborach ściślejszych) tylko jednego. Winnych fałszerstw nie wykryto.
Основные идеи русской исторической полонистики и творческое наследие П.Н. Жуковича
Authors: Kruczkowski Tadeusz
Published: March 2024

Artykuł przedstawia podstawowe (fundamentalne) idee rosyjskiej polonistyki historycznej w twórczym dziedzictwie Platona N. Żukowicza jako konserwatywnego historyka orientacji słowianofilskiej. Żukowicz badał historię Polski, Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego, terenów Ukrainy w XVI–XVIII w., a szczególną uwagę poświęcił reformacji w Polsce, w tym problematyce współpracy prawosławnych i protestantów, a także szerzeniu się unii kościelnej.
Rosja w publicystyce „Myśli Polskiej” w latach 1989–1999
Authors: Lubczyńska Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

Artykuł poświęcony jest obrazowi Związku Radzieckiego i Rosji kreowanemu w publicystyce neoendeckiej, na przykładzie „Myśli Polskiej” – pisma wydawanego jako organ Stronnictwa Narodowo-Demokratycznego. Zakres chronologiczny obejmuje lata 1989–1999, czyli od momentu przemian ustrojowych w Polsce i odrodzenia się ruchu narodowego, po ustąpienie z fotela prezydenta Borysa Jelcyna i objęcie władzy przez Władimira Putina. Zawiera najważniejsze elementy dyskursu dotyczącego wschodniego sąsiada Polski na przełomie lat osiemdziesiątych i dziewięćdziesiątych XX w.
Informalidad y género: grandes ausentes en la discusión sobre el derecho al trabajo
Authors: Céspedes Báez Lina María , Prieto Ríos Enrique Alberto
Published: March 2024

Las Naciones Unidas ha propuesto una agenda de derechos humanos y empresas, como un marco de referencia para que los países adopten acciones que permitan prevenir las violaciones a derechos humanos que algunas empresas han cometido a lo largo de la historia. Sin embargo, esta iniciativa ejemplifica la situación de los países desarrollados, donde no se tiene en cuenta la informalidad laboral, que está ampliamente representada por mujeres y predomina en los países en desarrollo. Para analizar la ausencia de este enfoque de género en el contexto de la informalidad laboral dentro de la agenda, Investigadores de Jurisprudencia de la Universidad del Rosario tomaron como caso de estudio a la minería informal en Colombia, un campo históricamente relacionado con violencia y discriminación hacia la mujer.
2024 The Big One
Authors: Stone Tom
Published: March 2024

It’s a massive year for Intertraffic with its flagship Amsterdam show set to be the largest ever. We get the inside story from the organisers
Modern Mapping
Authors: Pirazhenka Aliaksandra
Published: March 2024

A new asset management tool contains a digital map of all legal and law-related signs and beacons throughout the Netherlands
Urban Solutions
Authors: Bourdinot Julie
Published: March 2024

Lidar technology can facilitate safer, smarter transportation in city centres
Let’s Make Europe Green
Authors: Neumann Richard
Published: March 2024

Swarco has embarked on a tour of Europe to showcase, using virtual reality technology, how its traffic technology solutions can help cities reduce emissions and achieve the key goals of the European Green Deal
"See Detroit Like We Do": White Savior Capitalism and the Myth of Black Obsolescence
Authors: Helps David , Hwang Christine
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This essay investigates the phenomenon of wealthy white men who use financial means and power to "revive" Detroit after a perceived "death" through what we call white savior capitalism. This "death," popularized by media portrayals of decline, relies on projecting an image of Detroit, a Black-majority city on stolen Native land, as a vacant, postindustrial "frontier" despite the continued existence and resistance of Black and Indigenous residents. We trace the prehistory of white savior capitalism to the area's eighteenth-century conquest by French settlers, the exclusionary redevelopment policies of Mayor Coleman Young's administration (1974–94), and Detroit's use of federal antipoverty funds and eminent domain to establish a General Motors Plant in the Poletown neighborhood. Finally, we demonstrate how the recent and ongoing "rediscovery" of Detroit by businesspeople such as Dan Gilbert gave rise to white savior capitalism. Parallel to these developments, activist movements in the Black Left have presented alternative solutions and imagined futures that include Black and Native Detroit.
Koigoromo (Robe of Love) Part 2: A Translation of Masuda Masako’s “Complete Devotion” / 『恋衣』英訳(2):増田雅子の「みをつくし」
Authors: Albertson Nicholas
Published: March 2024

Abstract: “Complete Devotion” ( Miotsukushi ), by Masuda Masako, is Part Two of Robe of Love ( Koigoromo , 1905), a book of poems she published with Yamakawa Tomiko and Yosano Akiko. Here I present a brief introduction to Masuda Masako’s life and poetry, followed by translations of the 114 tanka of “Complete Devotion.” For a fuller introduction to Robe of Love and a translation of Yamakawa Tomiko’s “White Lily,” please see “ Koigoromo (Robe of Love) Part 1” in the U.S.-Japan Women’s Journal , number 63/64 (2023), pages 53–97. The third and final section of Robe of Love , consisting of Yosano Akiko’s tanka and shintaishi (new-style poems), will appear in the next issue of this journal.
Anguish in Language: Pain as a Biocultural Experience in Claudia Rankine's Citizen: An American Lyric
Authors: Direkoglu Daniel
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Claudia Rankine's Citizen: An American Lyric (2014) represents physical pain as a multidimensional experience entwined with history, language, and culture. By linking descriptions of anti-Black racist encounters with the imagery of somatic aches, Rankine blurs the boundaries between psychological suffering and physical distress to offer readers a nuanced depiction of the way racist discourse can both cause and, most crucially, shape one's private perception of corporeal agony. She zeros in on the experience of headaches to represent the interwoven relationship between the psycholinguistic contours of thought and bodily hurt, insisting that physical pain is more than a physiological alarm whose essence lies outside of language and culture.
"Your Tiny White Vests, Unworn": Contemporary Elegies of Maternal Loss
Authors: Whitehead Anne
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This essay asks whether poetry can articulate the experience of maternal loss, paying particular attention to questions of form. Focusing on two British poetry collections, Rebecca Goss's Her Birth (2013) and Karen McCarthy Woolf's An Aviary of Small Birds (2014), I argue that the contemporary elegy is currently being reshaped to explore the grief of losing a baby, and to bear witness to a life briefly lived. Drawing on Caroline Levine's emphasis on the affordances of form, the essay first examines these elegies' aural qualities thorugh the motif of the echo. Next I attend to the shaping of the poems, and how their word placement gives weight to the experience of baby loss. Finally, I consider how the modes of address at the end of the two collections negotiate the possibility of moving forward.
Crime Fiction and the Knowing of Pain
Authors: Mintz Susannah B.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Recent studies of pain have disputed the idea that pain eludes representation in language. Where these have largely focused on the experience of pain, my paper examines the epistemological function of pain in crime fiction, a genre that by definition foregrounds meaning: what and how we know. A good crime story depends structurally on resolution, but its pleasure derives more thoroughly from suspense. Pain would seem to defy those logics; surely we long for its ending, not its persistence. Yet many contemporary detectives do their work in pain, embodying an impossible contradiction between chaos and order. This suggests that pain is somehow integral to the process of knowing, inviting us to rethink pain as disrupting rather than constituting the forward motion of meaning.
Attending Pain, Ethnographically
Authors: Crowley-Matoka Megan
Published: March 2024

Abstract: What might ethnography—as both practice and text—offer for thinking about and with non-narrative forms of pain representation? Ethnography operates as an inherently fragmentary, episodic form of knowledge-making: the central acts of observing and writing social life rest upon moments plucked and crafted from the unruly, relentless rush of intersubjective experience. Bringing an ethnographic sensibility to bear on clinical encounters around pain thus attunes us to both the partiality and the sociality of representation. Drawing from ongoing research into how clinicians encounter patients' pain, here I hold together two ethnographic moments, reading across them to explore the consequential forms of attention and of representation at work in the ephemeral utterances and exchanges of everyday work in clinical settings.
Fandom and Fictionality after the Social Web: A Computational Study of AO3
Authors: Vadde Aarthi , So Richard Jean
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Web-based fanfiction is an increasingly important species of modern fiction that is necessary to understanding contemporary literary culture in a multimedia world. Using the Harry Potter fandom on the platform Archive of Our Own (AO3) as our case study, we combine close reading and computational analysis to examine the narrative features of fanfiction and the rhetorical commentary surrounding it. Our approach models a rapprochement between literary studies and fan studies, offering a new data-driven method for analyzing the relationship between traditionally published fiction, web-based fanfiction, and empirical forms of reader response.
Not Quite So Kind: Mrs. Dalloway and the Problem of Kindness
Authors: Fernald Anne E.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: An exploration of the two senses of the word kind—“kind” as “of a piece” and “kind” as “amiable”—in Virginia Woolf. The essay focuses on Mrs. Dalloway , with reference to the short story “The Man Who Loved His Kind” and To the Lighthouse . Unlike goodness or beauty, kindness in Mrs. Dalloway operates as a conservative virtue, designed to reinforce social hierarchies and demand gratitude from the recipient. Kindness is not only demonstrated in action, but also in thought. Despite Woolf’s satire, Mrs. Dalloway retains a faith in what we might term “real kindness,” though examples of such kindness are rare.
Collectivize Time, Redistribute the Future
Authors: Staal Jonas
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Our present moment is shaped by violent forces of global precarization, rising authoritarianism, and ecosystem collapse. In that context, we face a chronopolitical struggle: a struggle over the politics of time. What is the role of art and cultural work in expanding time, solidarizing different time scales: to collectivize time, and to redistribute the future?
Pastoral Authority
Authors: TeBokkel Nathan
Published: March 2024

Abstract: We are “label eaters”; we eat “storied food.” In agricultural and literary history, the food label is a central medium, the pastoral a central genre. Revisiting the pastoral through William Empson’s influential theory and through science and technology studies, this essay argues that the pastoral covertly legitimates authority by overtly mediating nature. It was refined during the consummation of agricultural improvement, or romanticism, by authors such as Arthur Young, William Wordsworth, and Fredrick Accum. This revised theory of the pastoral genre facilitates an examination of today’s “clean label” trend as part of a broader coalescence of populism and technocracy.
The Tyranny of Bread: Utopian Visions in Dostoevsky's "The Grand Inquisitor" and Zola's Germinal
Authors: Montgommery-Anderson Brad
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This study examines the treatment of socialism in Zola's Germinal and Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov . Their views towards socialism represent a striking contrast: Dostoevsky condemned the utopian vision of a perfected and scientifically organized humanity, while Zola increasingly supported socialist ideals through both his novels and his activism. One point of contact, however, occurs in the symbolic use of bread. The role of bread in Germinal echoes its meaning in the story of the Grand Inquisitor, the most famous episode within The Brothers Karamazov . Zola portrays hunger and appetite from a deterministic perspective and ties this force to utopian political visions. Both authors portray a "tyranny of bread" where human needs are met at the cost of individual liberty.
"Blocks for Freedom": Sewing for Voting in Post-Jim Crow Mississippi
Authors: Sturkey William
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This article examines a voting rights campaign known as "Blocks for Freedom" that was launched in 1966 to help a group of rural African American women in Clay County, Mississippi, protect their right to vote. These Black women faced significant obstacles to vote even after the passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act. Local white vigilantes and county administrators used violence and the threat of informal economic sanctions to punish Black citizens who registered to vote. "Blocks for Freedom" sought to circumvent these limitations by creating jobs for Black women that would offer a living wage and protect their ability to cast ballots. Led by poor women in Mississippi and civil rights advocates in New York City, this innovative campaign shows how grassroots activists encountered voter suppression techniques employed to dilute the Black vote after the Civil Rights Movement.
Voting Rights in Georgia: A Short History
Authors: Burton Orville Vernon , Eisenstadt Peter
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This article is a brief history of the struggle for Black voting rights and against determined opposition in Georgia since the end of the Civil War. After a brief period during Reconstruction when there was significant Black voting and Black representation in the Georgia legislature, Black people were systematically denied both voting rights and representation in the state of Georgia. After 1944, when the US Supreme Court ruled against the all-white primary, and especially after 1965, with the passage of the Voting Rights Act, white Georgia politicians tried any number of strategies to limit minority voting strength, from efforts to limit Black registration, to manipulating election districts and voting rules to keep African Americans from winning elective office. These efforts continued, and in many ways increased after the Supreme Court in 2013 ended the preclearance provisions of the Voting Rights Act. Nonetheless, the increasing demographic power of metro Atlanta, with its large minority population, was a key in 2020 to the narrow victory of Joseph Biden in the presidential race in Georgia, and the election of two liberal Democratic US Senators, including the first African American and Jew elected in the state's history.
Influence of corneal astigmatism on near and far vision in eyes with bifocal intraocular lenses
Authors: You Jongin , Jang Mooseok
Published: March 2024

Here, we present a full wave propagation model that quantitatively assesses the effect of astigmatism on visual functions in eyes with diffractive bifocal IOLs. The proposed model with bifocal IOLs evaluated the image quality of each focus at varying degrees of corneal astigmatism with the metrics of modulation transfer function and light-in-the-bucket. The results show that corneal astigmatism alters the distance-near image quality balance. Positive (negative) astigmatism has more detrimental effects on far (near) vision. Additionally, bifocal IOLs are more vulnerable to corneal astigmatism, highlighting the need to consider multifocal toric IOLs with astigmatism greater than 1.0 D. The numerical results closely agreed with previous relevant clinical findings, suggesting the clinical usability of the presented method in predicting the postoperative visual function of patients.
Online digital compensation of pump dithering induced phase and amplitude distortions in transmission links with cascaded fibre-optical parametric amplifiers
Authors: Nguyen Long H. , Boscolo Sonia , Sygletos Stylianos
Published: March 2024

We present an advanced online digital signal processing (DSP) method for correcting the phase and amplitude distortions caused by the phase modulation of the pump source and its interaction with the dispersive fibre channel in transmission systems using cascaded fibre-optical parametric amplifiers. The proposed algorithm is numerically demonstrated to achieve significant (up to 3.7 dB for a four-tone pump-phase modulation scheme) Q2-factor performance improvement over conventional DSP in 16 quadrature-amplitude modulation signal transmission.
Thermal and electrical switchable wide-angle multi-band terahertz absorber
Authors: Cheng Rong , Zhou Yuxiu , Liang Beirong , Pan Jisi , Luo Quan , Liu Jianqiang
Published: March 2024

Multi-band terahertz (THz) absorbers have recently gained attention due to their favorable application prospects in communication, imaging, detection, and other fields. However, many multi-band THz absorbers are tuned by a single method, which limits their tuning effect. To address this issue, we propose a multi-band THz absorber that can be co-modulated by thermal and electrical methods. Our proposed absorber uses vanadium dioxide (VO2) to achieve this co-modulation. When VO2 is insulating, the frequency of the absorbing peaks originating from the lateral Fabry-Pérot resonance mode can be changed by adjusting the VO2 width. When VO2 is a conductor, the quality factor of the absorbing peak based on the inductor-capacitor resonance mode can be tuned by adjusting the width of VO2. By varying the top dielectric layer thickness, the frequency of the absorbing peaks can be tuned over a wide range. For devices with two or three layers of graphene nanoribbons-dielectric stacks, a modulation effect similar to that of varying dielectric layer thickness in a single-layer graphene device can be achieved simply by applying a 1 eV Fermi energy to graphene nanoribbons in different layers. By combining thermal and electrical modulation, the two or three-layer stacked device can be dynamically switched between four or six absorbing states, and a wider range of dynamic peak frequency modulation can be realized. Furthermore, the performance of the absorber does not deteriorate significantly at an incident angle of up to 70°. Our proposed thermal-electrical switchable wide-angle multi-band THz absorber provides a reference for the design, fabrication, and application of high-performance THz absorbers in different fields.
AI-Aristotle: A physics-informed framework for systems biology gray-box identification
Authors: Ahmadi Daryakenari Nazanin , De Florio Mario , Shukla Khemraj , Karniadakis George Em
Published: March 2024

Discovering mathematical equations that govern physical and biological systems from observed data is a fundamental challenge in scientific research. We present a new physics-informed framework for parameter estimation and missing physics identification (gray-box) in the field of Systems Biology. The proposed framework—named AI-Aristotle—combines the eXtreme Theory of Functional Connections (X-TFC) domain-decomposition and Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) with symbolic regression (SR) techniques for parameter discovery and gray-box identification. We test the accuracy, speed, flexibility, and robustness of AI-Aristotle based on two benchmark problems in Systems Biology: a pharmacokinetics drug absorption model and an ultradian endocrine model for glucose-insulin interactions. We compare the two machine learning methods (X-TFC and PINNs), and moreover, we employ two different symbolic regression techniques to cross-verify our results. To test the performance of AI-Aristotle, we use sparse synthetic data perturbed by uniformly distributed noise. More broadly, our work provides insights into the accuracy, cost, scalability, and robustness of integrating neural networks with symbolic regressors, offering a comprehensive guide for researchers tackling gray-box identification challenges in complex dynamical systems in biomedicine and beyond.
Mathematical modelling, analysis and numerical simulation of social media addiction and depression
Authors: Ali Abu Safyan , Javeed Shumaila , Faiz Zeshan , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: March 2024

We formulate a mathematical model of social media addiction and depression (SMAD) in this study. Key aspects, such as social media addiction and depression disease-free equilibrium point (SMADDFEP), social media addiction and depression endemic equilibrium point (SMADEEP), and basic reproduction number (R0), have been analyzed qualitatively. The results indicate that if R0 < 1, the SMADDFEP is locally asymptotically stable. The global asymptotic stability of the SMADDFEP has been established using the Castillo-Chavez theorem. On the other hand, if R0 > 1, the unique endemic equilibrium point (SMADEEP) is locally asymptotically stable by Lyapunov theorem, and the model exhibits a forward bifurcation at R0 = 1 according to the Center Manifold theorem. To examine the model’s sensitivity, we calculated the normalized forward sensitivity index and conducted a Partial Rank Correlation Coefficient (PRCC) analysis to describe the influence of parameters on the SMAD. The numerical results obtained using the Fourth-order Runge-Kutta (RK-4) scheme show that increasing the number of addicted individuals leads to an increase in the number of depressed individuals.
Water-inrush mechanism from the head-on working face roof in a Jurassic coal seam in the Ordos Basin
Authors: Shi Longqing , Qu Xingyue , Qiu Mei , Han Jin , Zhang Weiqiang
Published: March 2024

When Chinese coal mines are mining Carboniferous Permian coal seams, the mechanism of water inrush from the roof of the working face usually conforms to the "Upper Three Zones" or "Upper Four Zones" theory. The water inrush passageway is water-conducting fracture zone, and the water inrush position is located in the goaf. However, when mining Jurassic coal seams in Chinese coal mines, the location of water inrush often appears at the head-on working face, above the coal mining machine. Due to the support of the fully mechanized mining support, the roof rock layer cannot collapse and therefore cannot form water-conducting fracture zone. Therefore, the water inrush mechanism cannot be explained by the above two theories. This paper is guided by the Practical Mine Pressure Control Theory, and based on the explanation of the motion forms of bending (pulling) failure movement and shearing (cutting) failure movement, and combined with on-site examples, it is revealed that the passageways leading to from the head-on working face roof in a Jurassic coal seam in the Ordos Basin are splitting zones type, fracture line type and structural fracture type, respectively. Taking the changes in water inflow during the mining process of the 3301 and 3302 working faces in Zhujiamao Coal Mine as examples, this paper reveals the mechanism of water inrush from the head-on working face roof caused by splitting zones type, and proves the existence of this passageway through on-site 3D high-density electrical detection and tracing experiments. Taking two catastrophic water inrush accidents that occurred head-on in the 1309 working face of Guojiahe Coal Industry Co., Ltd. as examples, the water inrush mechanism of the fracture line type and the water inrush mechanism of the structural fracture type were respectively revealed. Based on mechanism of water inrush from head-on roof of working face and the analysis of the on-site water inrush process, a method for distinguishing the type of water inrush passageway from the front roof of the working face is proposed. The results indicate that the Jurassic coal seam mining in the Ordos Basin is prone to shearing (cutting) failure movement, resulting in the frequent formation of the three types of water inrush passageways mentioned above.
Exploration of hypoglycemic peptides from porcine collagen based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Zhou Fating , Li Di , Hou Yakun , Cong Zhihui , Li Kaifeng , Gu Xin , Xiao Guosheng
Published: March 2024

In recent years, the extraction of hypoglycemic peptides from food proteins has gained increasing attention. Neuropeptides, hormone peptides, antimicrobial peptides, immune peptides, antioxidant peptides, hypoglycemic peptides and antihypertensive peptides have become research hotspots. In this study, bioinformatic methods were used to screen and predict the properties of pig collagen-derived hypoglycemic peptides, and their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase were determined in vitro. Two peptides (RL and NWYR) were found to exhibit good water solubility, adequate ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity) properties, potentially high biological activity, and non-toxic. After synthesizing these peptides, NWYR showed the best inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase with IC50 = 0.200±0.040 mg/mL, and it can regulate a variety of biological processes, play a variety of molecular functions in different cellular components, and play a hypoglycemic role by participating in diabetic cardiomyopathy and IL-17 signaling pathway. Molecular docking results showed that NWYR had the best binding effect with the core target DPP4 (4n8d), with binding energy of -8.8 kcal/mol. NWYR mainly bonded with the target protein through hydrogen bonding, and bound with various amino acid residues such as Asp-729, Gln-731, Leu-765, etc., thus affecting the role of the target in each pathway. It is the best core target for adjuvant treatment of T2DM. In short, NWYR has the potential to reduce type 2 diabetes, providing a basis for further research or food applications as well as improved utilization of pig by-products. However, in subsequent studies, it is necessary to further verify the hypoglycemic ability of porcine collagen active peptide (NWYR), and explore the hypoglycemic mechanism of NWYR from multiple perspectives such as key target genes, protein expression levels and differences in metabolites in animal models of hyperglycemia, which will provide further theoretical support for its improvement in the treatment of T2DM.
Anterior cruciate ligament injury should not be considered a contraindication for medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: Finite element analysis
Authors: Ou Deyan , Ye Yongqing , Pan Jingwei , Huang Yu , Kuang Haisheng , Tang Shilin , Huang Richao , Mo Yongxin , Pan Shixin
Published: March 2024

Purpose

The research objective of this study is to use finite element analysis to investigate the impact of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and explore whether patients with ACL injuries can undergo UKA.

Methods

Based on the morphology of the ACL, models of ACL with diameters ranging from 1 to 10mm are created. Finite element models of UKA include ACL absence and ACLs with different diameters. After creating a complete finite element model and validating it, four different types of loads are applied to the knee joint. Statistical analysis is conducted to assess the stress variations in the knee joint structure.

Results

A total of 11 finite element models of UKA were established. Regarding the stress on the ACL, as the diameter of the ACL increased, when a vertical load of 750N was applied to the femur, combined with an anterior tibial load of 105N, the stress on the ACL increased from 2.61 MPa to 4.62 MPa, representing a 77.05% increase. Regarding the equivalent stress on the polyethylene gasket, a notable high stress change was observed. The stress on the gasket remained between 12.68 MPa and 14.33 MPa in all models. the stress on the gasket demonstrated a decreasing trend. The equivalent stress in the lateral meniscus and lateral femoral cartilage decreases, reducing from the maximum stress of 4.71 MPa to 2.61 MPa, with a mean value of 3.73 MPa. This represents a reduction of 44.72%, and the statistical significance is (P < 0.05). However, under the other three loads, there was no significant statistical significance (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

This study suggests that the integrity of the ACL plays a protective role in performing medial UKA. However, this protective effect is limited when performing medial UKA. When the knee joint only has varying degrees of ACL injury, even ACL rupture, and the remaining structures of the knee joint are intact with anterior-posterior stability in the knee joint, it should not be considered a contraindication for medial UKA.
Rainfall as a driver for near-surface turbulence and air-water gas exchange in freshwater aquatic systems
Authors: Bohórquez-Bedoya Eliana , Rovelli Lorenzo , Lorke Andreas
Published: March 2024

Gas fluxes from aquatic ecosystems are a significant component of the carbon cycle. Gas exchange across the air-water interface is regulated by near-surface turbulence and can be controlled by different atmospheric forcing conditions, with wind speed and surface buoyancy flux being the most recognized drivers in empirical studies and modeling approaches. The effect of rainfall on near-surface turbulence has rarely been studied and a consistent relationship between rain rate and near-surface turbulence has not yet been established. In this study, we addressed some limitations still present in the quantitative understanding of the effect of rain rate on near-surface turbulence and on the resulting gas transfer velocity in freshwater. We performed controlled laboratory experiments over a wide range of rain rates (7 to 90 mm h-1) and estimated gas transfer velocities from high-resolution measurements of O2 concentration, while rain-induced turbulence was characterized based on particle image velocimetry. We found that the rain-induced dissipation rates of turbulent kinetic energy declined with depth following a consistent power-law relationship. Both energy dissipation rates and gas transfer velocity increased systematically with the rain rate. The results confirm a causal relationship between rainfall, turbulence, and gas exchange. We propose a power-law relationship between near-surface turbulent dissipation rates and rain rate. In combination with surface renewal theory, we derived a direct relationship between gas transfer velocity and rain rate, which can be used to assess the importance of short-term drivers, such as rain events, on gas dynamics and biogeochemical cycling in aquatic ecosystems.
Insect population dynamics under Wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility: Puzzle more than buzz in Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Auguste Alexandra , Ris Nicolas , Belgaidi Zainab , Kremmer Laurent , Mouton Laurence , Fauvergue Xavier
Published: March 2024

In theory, the introduction of individuals infected with an incompatible strain of Wolbachia pipientis into a recipient host population should result in the symbiont invasion and reproductive failures caused by cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). Modelling studies combining Wolbachia invasion and host population dynamics show that these two processes could interact to cause a transient population decline and, in some conditions, extinction. However, these effects could be sensitive to density dependence, with the Allee effect increasing the probability of extinction, and competition reducing the demographic impact of CI. We tested these predictions with laboratory experiments in the fruit fly Drosophila suzukii and the transinfected Wolbachia strain wTei. Surprisingly, the introduction of wTei into D. suzukii populations at carrying capacity did not result in the expected wTei invasion and transient population decline. In parallel, we found no Allee effect but strong negative density dependence. From these results, we propose that competition interacts in an antagonistic way with Wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility on insect population dynamics. If future models and data support this hypothesis, pest management strategies using Wolbachia-induced CI should target populations with negligible competition but a potential Allee effect, for instance at the beginning of the reproductive season.
Establishing age and gender-specific serum creatinine reference ranges for Thai pediatric population
Authors: Suwanrungroj Sakon , Pattarapanitchai Parichart , Chomean Sirinart , Kaset Chollanot
Published: March 2024

Accurate assessment of kidney function in children requires age and gender-specific reference ranges for serum creatinine. Traditional reference values, often derived from adult populations and different ethnic backgrounds, may not be suitable for children. This study aims to establish specific reference ranges for serum creatinine in the Thai pediatric population, addressing the gap in localized and age-appropriate diagnostic criteria. This retrospective study analyzed serum creatinine levels from Thai children aged newborn to 18 years, collected from the Laboratory Information System of the Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health from January 2017 to December 2021. The Bhattacharya method was employed to establish reference ranges, considering different age groups and genders. The study compared these newly established reference values with international studies, including those of Schlebusch H., Pottel H., and Chuang GT., to validate their relevance and accuracy. A total of 27,642 data entries (15,396 males and 12,246 females) were analyzed. The study established distinct reference ranges for serum creatinine, which varied significantly across different age groups and between genders. These ranges were found to gradually increase with age from 2 months to 18 years. The study also highlighted notable differences in reference values when compared with other ethnic populations. The study successfully establishes tailored reference ranges for serum creatinine in Thai children, providing a valuable tool for more accurate diagnosis and monitoring of kidney health in this demographic. This initiative marks a significant advancement in pediatric nephrology in Thailand and suggests a need for continuous refinement of these ranges and further research in this area.
Laying foundations for transformation: Insights from local government engagement on climate-resilient rural water services in Nepal
Authors: Kohlitz Jeremy , Grant Melita , Budhathoki Ratan Bahadur , Chhetri Shova , Paneru Heman , Basnet Min Prasad , Lala Sunetra , Halcrow Gabrielle , Carrard Naomi
Published: March 2024

Transformative change in how local governments support rural water services is required to accommodate the increasingly extreme effects of climate change on water service systems. This study explores the potential for contextualised soft systems thinking activities to prepare local government officials with responsibilities pertaining to rural water services in Nepal to shift towards more transformative thinking. First, the study presents the findings of focus group discussions in two rural districts of Nepal that identified common climate-related problems for rural water access including water shortages, contamination, and unequal burden of impacts. Second, we facilitated workshops with local government and non-government stakeholders, drawing on the focus group findings to frame the challenges for rural water linked to climate change that require local government response. We designed the workshops drawing on ‘transformative spaces’ concepts and included soft systems thinking activities to foster systemic perspectives. Participants learned about worldviews, leverage points, rich pictures, root cause analysis, and theory-of-change based action planning. Following the workshops, the study team participated in reflective sensemaking in which they deliberated on their experiences and notes from facilitating the workshops to assess the extent to which the participants demonstrated transformative thinking about rural water systems. The workshop approach showed promise in shifting how local government participants think about rural water services beyond technical fixes towards addressing deep-seated issues. However, further work is required to foster new relationships necessary to support transformation and grapple with ethical dilemmas pertaining to power dynamics at community and government levels. Nevertheless, the approach presented here is a replicable, low-cost way to prepare local government stakeholders in Nepal for transforming their thinking and systems to ways that enable sustainable rural water service delivery under threats of climate change.
‘Virtuous Attachment’ and three dramatizations of James’s The Ambassadors
Authors: Weinman Geoffrey S.
Published: March 2024

Henry James’s The Ambassadors is considered by many James scholars his most complex novel and his central character, Lambert Strether, a man whose decisions are not always easy to explain to either the reading audience or the other characters in the text. Adapting this work to other media formats presented challenges that, this article argues, were not fully met. One of the major problems faced by the two television versions and one theatrical version of this work is their failure to address what James calls a ‘virtuous attachment’, a term understood by Strether to define the relationship between young New Englander Chad Newsome and his French ‘companion’, Madame de Vionnet. This article examines this issue as well as the particular demands that television and stage adaptations of literary works must address and that these ambitious and distinctive approaches to The Ambassadors faced, including adapting the work into a big Broadway musical.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Teacher Training in

Open Distance and Electronic Learning
Authors: du Plessis Elize
Published: March 2024

Conventional methods of teacher training are now constrained by series of barriers such as limited resources and distance related barriers. The emergence of new technologies that involves artificial intelligence (AI) became a paradigm shift on teacher training and in education at large. Nevertheless, there are challenges attached to these new methods of teacher training. The purpose of this paper was to assess the impact of AI in an Open Distance and Electronic Learning (ODeL) teacher training. In a process of data collection, the study employed quantitative approach. As a survey, copies of a questionnaire were electronically administered to relevant respondents. Random sampling strategy was employed on teachers and student teachers from various institutions. A total of 115 respondents took part in this research by filling in a questionnaire. Relevant literature on teacher training and AI were also reviewed. More emphasis was on integration of AI as a new technology in teacher training. Empirical data were descriptively and inferentially analysed through Statistical Packagefor the Social Sciences (SPSS) application. The results constitute multiple opportunities as well as limitations attached to AI implementation in an ODeL teacher training. The study recommended a proper evaluation of AI prior to implementation to ascertain that ethical issues and education assessment integrity are not compromised.
Neural networks reliability for feedback processing.
Authors: Ermakova Anastasia
Published: March 2024

Nowadays neural networks are a powerful instrument involved in industry, medicine, and science. AI takes part in graphics design, medicine, natural text processing, video recognition, speech generation, autonomous driving, and numerous other fields. Might AI completely replace a human workforce in specific areas? Or does it stay as a mighty instrument to facilitate task execution?

Firstly, I have analyzed CNN and RNN neural network structure.

Secondly, I have described an experiment to process feedback with AI to check its reliability
Analyzing the role of HLA class I molecules in COVID-19 disease in Africa and around the world
Authors: Naidoo Lisa , Arumugam Thilona , Ramsuran Veron
Published: March 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has left a devasting effect on various regions globally. Africa has exceptionally high rates of other infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB), Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and malaria, and was not impacted by COVID-19 to the extent of other continents (1). Globally, COVID-19 caused approximately 7 million deaths and 700 million infections thus far. COVID-19 disease severity and susceptibility vary among individuals and populations which could be attributed to various factors including the viral strain, host genetics, environment, lifespan, and co-existing conditions. Host genetics play a substantial part in COVID-19 disease severity among individuals. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) was previously shown to be very important across host immune responses against viruses. HLA has been a widely studied gene region for various disease associations that have been identified. HLA proteins present peptides to the cytotoxic lymphocytes which causes an immune response to kill infected cells. The HLA molecule serves as the central region for infectious disease association; therefore, we expect HLA disease association with COVID-19. Therefore, in this review, we look at the HLA gene region, particularly, HLA class I, and understand its role in COVID-19 disease.