bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capital One kauft Discover
Authors:   Rode, Jörg
Published: February 2024

Die Bank Capital One will für 35 Mrd. US-Dollar den Debit- und Kreditkarten-Herausgeber Discover übernehmen. Das betrifft vor allem die USA, hat aber auch Auswirkungen auf den weltweiten Markt.
Fressnapf baut E-Commerce-Lager
Authors:   Rode, Jörg,   Hofmann, Janine
Published: February 2024

Fressnapf baut in Nörvenich bei Aachen ein zentrales E-Commerce-Lager für Europa. Die hochautomatisierte Technik liefert Vanderlande.
Geballte Verkaufsexpertise auf großer Bühne
Authors:   Nusser, Bernd
Published: February 2024

Es geht stets familiär und leger zu. Am 18. Juni trifft sich die Branche wieder im Frankfurter Palmengarten. Impulse und Innovationen stehen ebenso auf dem Programm wie die Auslobung der diesjährigen „Supermarkt Stars“.
«Die Schweizer Getränkebranche lebt Kreislaufwirtschaft seit Jahrzehnten»
Authors: Frutig Markus
Published: February 2024

Die Schweizer Getränkeindustrie nimmt die Aufgaben in den Bereichen Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltschutz ernst. David Arnold vom Schweizerischen Verein für umweltgerechte Getränkeverpackungen (SVUG) äussert sich in packAKTUELL zu den Entwicklungen in diesem Bereich.
Gut Brook mit neuer Düngestrategie
Authors: Hofnagel Dagmar
Published: February 2024

Winsen/Aller. Ein Zufall brachte ihn dazu, sich intensiver mit der biologischen Wirtschaftsweise in der Landwirtschaft auseinanderzusetzen. Heute ist Richard von Behr überzeugter Biolandwirt und Verwalter auf Gut Brook in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
The Application of the Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model to Improve Social Science Learning Outcomes
Authors: Tiono Kurniawan Andree , Sudirin Sudirin , Firnanda Shinta
Published: February 2024

This research discusses the problem regarding the learning process that has not been achieved. Due to the lack of teachers utilizing varied learning models, it affects student learning outcomes from 22 students who completed 8 students (36.3%) and those who did not complete 14 students (63.6%). The purpose of this research is to find out the improvement of learning outcomes from the use of the jigsaw type learning model in social studies subjects for class IV at MI Muhammadiyah Pekalongan. The researchers used Classroom Action Research (PTK) that is alternative for developing and improving educational practices. PTK uses two cycles consisting of four components, namely planning , action , observation and reflection. By collecting observation data, tests and documentation. The results showed that there was an increase in student learning outcomes for class IV social studies subjects at MI Muhammadiyah Pekalongan, seen in the students' learning mastery at the beginning of 31.8%, the first cycle of the second meeting increased 40.9% and the second cycle of completeness increased to 86.3%.

Keywords: Challenge and Orientation Education, Islamic Education, Education at Border Location
Review of Guidance from Seven States on AI in Education
Authors: Rochelle Jeremy
Published: February 2024

As Artificial Intelligence within education becomes increasingly important, Digital Promise reviewed the guidance documents released by seven states—California, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Virginia, Washington state, and West Virginia—on how to approach artificial intelligence (AI) in education. Throughout this report we summarize the overall themes and considerations that each guidance document covers.
Theoretical justification of modeling the content of the key components of health training for agricultural workers
Authors:   Azov-Black Sea Engineering Institute of Donskoy GAU, Lipkovich Igor , Pjatikopov Sergey , Egorova Irina , Petrenko Nadezhda , Kovaleva Svetlana
Published: February 2024

Agricultural workers face a number of factors on a daily basis that negatively affect their health. These are irregular work schedules, physical activities associated with the peculiarities of agricultural production, and negative environmental impacts. Wellness training is an effective tool in maintaining the health and improving the efficiency of staff. One of the most popular forms of wellness training is circular training. Modeling the key components of such training plays an important role in achieving the desired results. Keywords: WELLNESS TRAINING, PRINCIPLES, METHODS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, REST INTERVAL, FATIGUE, HARDENING
Del naufragio al intercambio de mercancías
Authors: Lazarus Michael , Aguirre Iñaki
Published: February 2024

Robinson Crusoe no es solamente un personaje mítico que vive en el imaginario popular, sino también a través de la historia del pensamiento político y social. El protagonista de Defoe vive abandonado en su isla, aislado y apartado de la sociedad. La narrativa es una perfecta naturalización del mundo “burgués”, dependiente de una ontología del individuo autosuficiente. Este artículo analiza esta línea en la teoría del contrato social de Hobbes, Locke y Rousseau. Más adelante, Hegel usó la novela para ilustrar su dialéctica del amo/esclavo. Desafiando el atomismo del estado de naturaleza, la teoría del reconocimiento de Hegel da cuenta de la libertad positiva, donde el individuo se forma en y a través de la interdependencia social. Esta sociabilidad es continuada por Marx, quien satiriza la novela de Defoe en su forma-valorista crítica de la economía política. La forma-valor provee una idea del trabajo de Robinson en la isla y la diferencia de la teoría del valor-trabajo de Marx con la de Locke. Para Marx, el mito del “hombre natural” esconde la dominación del desarrollo capitalista y Robinson Crusoe refleja la internalización de la racionalidad abstracta de la sociedad de mercancías. Sin embargo, la crítica inmanente de la novela por Marx apunta a una idea radical de la vida social y la libertad.
Music in Sacred Liturgy: Some Factors to be Considered for the Catholic Dioceses in Kenya.
Authors: Nyandiwa Chrispine Ouma
Published: February 2024

Music is an integral part of worship. Liturgical music has been a topic of interest for centuries. Good liturgical music elevates the hearts of worshippers, uniting them to the heavenly liturgy. There is an ancient saying which proclaims: Bis orat qui bene cantat (who sings well prays twice). St. Augustine also remarks rightly, ‘Singing is for one who loves’ (PL 38:1472). With this in mind when we look at the Catholic liturgical music today in Kenya, we find several issues to be addressed. In this paper we shall look at some general principles in liturgical music, suggested criteria for assessing music and texts, and some emerging issues regarding music in liturgy today, proposing some possible solutions.
Analysis of Boundary Layer Flow Second-Grade Hybrid Nanofluid Subject to Lorentz Force
Authors: Chege Stephen Njoroge , Wafula Maurine
Published: February 2024

The suspension of nanoparticles in a fluid has been a sure way of steadily improving fluid behaviour. A further improvement in the fluid behaviour is achieved by the suspension of two dissimilar nanoparticles in a base fluid. This study analyses the boundary layer flow of second-grade hybrid nanofluid subject to Lorentz force. By considering Titanium Oxide and Molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles, due to their great lubricating and efficient heat transfer properties, the governing non-linear equations are formulated and rendered dimensionless with the help of similarity variables. The resulting boundary condition equations are transformed to initial condition equations by use of shooting technique and numerically solved by 4th-order Runge Kutta method in MATLAB bvp4c. It is noted that the fluid’s velocity profile increases with the increase in volume fraction and fluctuates with increasing fluid parameters and magnetic strength. The temperature profile grows with the Prandtl number and magnetic field and decreases with the increase in volume fraction and the second-grade fluid parameter.
Makna Istri Yang Cakap Berdasarkan Amsal 12:4 Sebagai Role Model Perempuan Masa Kini
Authors: Ohoitimur Reynhard L
Published: February 2024

Proverbs 12 combines many of Solomon's Proverbs and provides many spiritual lessons. Proverbs 12, says a capable wife is her husband's crown. In today's modern world, the tendency of a woman as a wife to ignore spiritual principles as instructed by Solomon in Proverbs 12:4 is one of the most frequent problems and challenges in Christian families. Christian women must meet several requirements to be considered capable wives. Christian women's desire to be good wives, which is a crown or praise that brings happiness to the family, drives this research. The purpose of writing this article is to determine the true meaning of the phrase, "A capable wife crowns her husband", found in the text. The method used is qualitative with general subhermeneutics, namely literal, grammatical and context analysis. Paying attention to the interpretation of Proverbs 12:4, this article finds four truths regarding a wife who is capable of crowning her husband: First, someone who has integrity in motivation, words and deeds. Both are strong, never give up, diligent in managing their household. The third is an honor for her husband. Fourth, pious, maintaining holiness.
AI-ENABLED CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE ENHANCEMENT IN BUSINESS
Authors: Sunday Tubokirifuruar Tula  , Azeez Jason Kess-Momoh  , Ganiyu Bolawale Omotoye  , Binaebi Gloria Bello  , Andrew Ifesinachi Daraojimba
Published: February 2024

This scholarly investigation delves into the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on enhancing customer experience in the business realm. The study's purpose was to meticulously examine the integration, evolution, and strategic implications of AI in business operations, particularly in customer engagement. A comprehensive literature review and detailed case study analysis constituted the core methodology, focusing on peer-reviewed articles and practical examples from diverse business sectors. This approach facilitated a multi-dimensional exploration, capturing both the technological advancements in AI and the associated implementation challenges within various business contexts. Central findings from this research underscore AI's evolution from an emerging technological tool to a fundamental component in customer-centric business strategies. AI's capabilities in personalizing customer interactions, automating support systems, and leveraging predictive analytics have revolutionized business-customer dynamics. However, this evolution is not without its challenges, including data privacy concerns, ethical considerations, and the need for skilled AI expertise. The study concludes that AI is a strategic asset, necessitating thoughtful integration into business models. It emphasizes the importance of a collaborative approach, where AI specialists and industry experts work synergistically to tailor AI solutions to specific business needs. Ethical considerations and maintaining customer trust are highlighted as pivotal in AI deployment strategies. The study recommends continuous innovation, investment in AI infrastructure and talent, and adherence to ethical AI practices. These measures are essential for businesses to enhance customer experiences and drive sustainable growth in the digital age

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Customer Experience, Business Strategy, AI Integration, Ethical Considerations.
A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF DATA ENCRYPTION METHODS IN THE USA AND EUROPE
Authors: Akoh Atadoga  , Oluwatoyin Ajoke Farayola  , Benjamin Samson Ayinla  , Olukunle Oladipupo Amoo  , Temitayo Oluwaseun Abrahams  , Femi Osasona
Published: February 2024

Data encryption is a critical aspect of modern information security, and understanding the approaches taken by different regions is vital for a comprehensive analysis. In the United States and Europe, data encryption methods vary in implementation, legal frameworks, and overall priorities. In the United States, encryption methods are primarily governed by a combination of federal laws and industry standards. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) plays a central role in recommending cryptographic standards, while the Department of Commerce oversees export controls on encryption technology. The focus in the U.S. is on balancing national security needs with individual privacy rights. The tension between law enforcement's desire for access to encrypted data for criminal investigations and the right to privacy has sparked debates and legal battles. On the other hand, Europe has taken a more privacy-centric approach to data protection. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a cornerstone in the European Union's efforts to safeguard individual privacy rights. GDPR mandates the use of encryption to protect personal data, and failure to implement adequate measures can result in hefty fines. European countries also emphasize the importance of end-to-end encryption in communication services to ensure confidentiality. Both regions prioritize encryption, but their approaches reflect different values and legal philosophies. The U.S. tends to navigate a delicate balance between national security and individual rights, while Europe places a stronger emphasis on the protection of personal data as a fundamental right. In terms of technological implementation, the encryption algorithms adopted in both regions are often aligned with global standards. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is widely accepted and implemented in various sectors. However, the choice of key management and the level of regulatory oversight differ, contributing to the nuanced landscape of data protection. In conclusion, a comparative review of data encryption methods in the USA and Europe reveals the complex interplay between security, privacy, and legal frameworks. Understanding these differences is crucial for multinational organizations and individuals navigating the intricate landscape of global data protection.

Keywords: Data, Encryption, USA, Europe, Review.
WEB BASED HEART DISEASE PREDICTION MODEL USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Musa Abubakar  , Abba Hamman Maidabara  , Yusuf Musa Malgwi  , Abdulrahman Mohammed
Published: February 2024

The cases of heart diseases are increasing at a rapid rate and it’s very important to take precaution to predict any such diseases beforehand. This diagnosis is a difficult task i.e. it should be performed precisely and efficiently. The research paper mainly focuses on wen based heart disease prediction technique based on various medical attributes. Heart disease prediction system were prepared to predict whether the patient is likely to be diagnosed with a heart disease or not using the medical history of the patient. We used different algorithms of machine learning such as logistic regression and Naïve Bayes to predict and classify the patient with heart disease. A quite helpful approach was used to regulate how the model can be used to improve the accuracy of prediction of Heart Attack in any individual. The strength of the proposed model was quiet satisfying and was able to predict evidence of having a heart disease in a particular individual by using Naïve Bayes and Logistic Regression which showed a good accuracy in comparison to the previously used classifier such as naive bayes etc. So a quiet significant amount of pressure has been lift off by using the given model in finding the probability of the classifier to correctly and accurately identify the heart disease. The Given heart disease prediction system enhances medical care and reduces the cost. This project gives us significant knowledge that can help us predict the patients with heart disease.

Keywords: Web Based, Heart, Disease, Prediction Model, Machine Learning.
Examination of Parties to Electronic Litigation in the Religious Courts
Authors: Faghfirli A. Rizqon
Published: February 2024

Electronic courts provide convenience to justice seekers starting from registration, summons, and trial proceedings. On the other hand, electronic trials will also have implications for the effectiveness and efficiency of the litigation process, so that not much time is wasted and costs are not incurred. However, it is interesting to analyze in fact that in Supreme Court Regulation Number 7 of 2022 the author does not find any rules governing the procedures for examining one of the litigants who do not agree to conduct electronic trials, in the case of electronic trials (e-Litigation) Court Regulations Agung Number 7 of 2022 only regulates the exchange of response documents, replicas and duplicates from the parties electronically as well as arrangements for examining witnesses or experts which can be carried out remotely through electronic audio-visual communication media. So a party who refuses an electronic trial is deemed not to have exercised his rights so this is detrimental to that party, there is no procedure available for that party to continue to exercise his rights.
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MELALUI KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM CREDIT UNION (CU)
Authors: Fitriani Aida
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kondisi Pemberdayaan Ekonomi AnggotaPada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam CU Bina Masyarakat (BIMA) Kabupaten Melawi. Metode kualitatifyang bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui pedoman wawancara,observasi dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian Ketua Pengurus, Manajer, dan Pengawas KoperasiSimpan Pinjam Credit Union Bina Masyarakat (BIMA) Kabupaten Melawi, 2). Anggota Pada KoperasiSimpan Pinjam Credit Union Bina Masyarakat (BIMA) Kabupaten Melawi, diambil dengan teknikincidental sampling artinya menemui anggota yang kebetulan bertemu peneliti di kantor CU BimaMelawi pada saat peneliti melakukan penelitian.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA BENGKEL SEPEDA MOTOR
Authors: MM Paulus
Published: February 2024

Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Bengkel Mitra Motor di Kota Nanga Pinoh Kabupaten Melawi.Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Usaha bengkel dikembangan dengan menerapkanstrategi penetapan harga berdasarkan Cost Plus Pricing (penetapan harga berdasarkan harga pokokdan margin) dan Average Rate Pricing (harga berdasarkan rata-rata harga produk di pasar). Hargaproduk yang ditetapkan terdiri dari produk jasa reparasi kendaraan dan produk suku cadang kendaraan.Strategi kedua dalam pengembangan usaha adalah pelayanan. Pelayanan di menerapkan konsep RATER(Daya tanggap (Responsiveness), Jaminan (Assurance), Empati (Empathy), Kendalan (Reliability).Pelayanan, selanjutnya di dukung oleh sarana dan prasarana pendukung. Usaha bengkel sepeda motordapat berkembang dengan pelaksanaan pelayanan yang baik dan harga yang kompetitif. Karyawandapat melaksanakan pelayanan reparasi dan pelayanan penjualan suku cadang dengan dukungan saranaperbengkelan yang memadai.
MAGNÉSIO E DEPRESSÃO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Severiano Anna Carolina de Carvalho , Figueiredo Júnior Hélcio Serpa de
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da suplementação com magnésio em paciente depressivos, bem como se há associação entre hipomagnesemia e sintomas depressivos, e suas principais conclusões. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, por meio de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, no qual as bases de dados utilizadas foram: PubMed, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) e Cochrane Library (CL). Os descritores escolhidos, intermediados pelo operador booleano “AND”, para a busca dos artigos nas plataformas foram “magnesium”, “depression” e “supplementation”. Resultados: Após a aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão, restaram 16 artigos selecionáveis. Dos artigos analisados, 04 não encontraram resultados estatisticamente significativos que justifiquem a suplementação de pacientes com sintomas depressivos com o magnésio; 12 apontaram a capacidade de aumentar a qualidade do humor. Considerações finais: Os pacientes com baixa de magnésio parecem se beneficiar com a suplementação. Sintomas depressivos com desencadeantes multifatoriais, como a depressão da puérpera, permanecem obscuros. Novos estudos devem ser conduzidos.
South Asian summer monsoon enhanced by the uplift of Iranian Plateau in Middle Miocene
Authors: Zuo Meng , Sun Yong , Zhao Yan , Ramstein Gilles , Ding Lin , Zhou Tianjun
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) significantly intensified during the Middle Miocene (17–12 Ma), but the driver to this change remains an open question. The uplift of the Himalaya (HM) and Iranian Plateau (IP), and global CO2 variation are prominent factors among suggested drivers. Particularly the impact of high CO2 on the Miocene SASM is little studied despite a large range of reconstructed CO2 values around this period. Here we investigate their effects on the SASM using the fully coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Global Climate Model CESM1.2 through a series of 12 sensitivity experiments. Our simulations show that the IP uplift plays a dominant role in the intensification of the SASM, mainly in the region around northwestern India. The effect of the HM uplift is confined to the range of the HM and its vicinity, producing orographic precipitation change. The topography forcing overall out-competes CO2 variation in driving the intensification of the SASM. In the case of extremely strong CO2 variation, the effects of the two factors are comparable in the core SASM region while in the western region, the topographic forcing is still the dominant driver. A thermodynamical process is proposed to link the uplift of the IP and enhanced SASM through latent heating release. Compared with reconstructions, the response of SASM to the IP uplift is in good agreement with observed precipitation and wind while the effects of the HM uplift and CO2 variation are inadequate to interpret the proxies.
Information Content of Brightness Temperature Differences of Spaceborne Imagers with respect to Cloud Phase
Authors: Mayer Johanna , Mayer Bernhard , Bugliaro Luca , Meerkötter Ralf , Voigt Christiane
Published: February 2024

Abstract. This study investigates the sensitivity of two brightness temperature differences (BTDs) in the infrared (IR) window of the SEVIRI imager to various cloud parameters in order to better understand their information content, with a focus on cloud thermodynamic phase. To this end, this study presents radiative transfer calculations, providing an overview of the relative importance of all radiatively relevant cloud parameters, including thermodynamic phase, cloud top temperature (CTT), optical thickness (τ), effective radius (Reff) and ice crystal habit. By disentangling the roles of cloud absorption and scattering, we are able to explain the relationships of the BTDs to the cloud parameters on the one hand by spectral differences in the cloud optical properties. In addition, an effect due to the nonlinear transformation from radiances to brightness temperatures contributes to the specific characteristics of the BTDs and their dependence on τ and CTT. We find that the dependence of the BTDs on phase is more complex than sometimes assumed. Although both BTDs are directly sensitive to phase, this sensitivity is comparatively small in contrast to other cloud parameters. Instead, the primary link between phase and the BTDs lies in their sensitivity to CTT, which is associated with phase. One consequence is that distinguishing high ice clouds from low liquid clouds is straightforward, but distinguishing mid-level ice clouds from mid-level liquid clouds is challenging. These findings help to better understand and improve the working principles of phase retrieval algorithms.
On non-SI units accepted for use with the SI in a digital system of units
Authors: Valdés Joaquín
Published: February 2024

Abstract. There is a need to develop an unambiguous digital version of the International System of Units (SI), as required for information systems and distributed sensor networks. This leads to a reconsideration of the status of the non-SI units accepted for use with the SI. Here, the case of the non-SI units dalton (Da), neper (Np), bel (B) and decibel (dB) is considered.
Recent Advances in Solar-powered Photovoltaic Pumping Systems for Drip Irrigation
Authors: Bawa Abdul-Rahim , Sunnu Albert Kojo , Sarsah Emmanuel Akono
Published: February 2024

Solar-powered photovoltaic pumping systems (SPVPSs) have emerged as a promising solution for sustainable drip irrigation in agriculture. This review article presents recent advances in SPVPSs for drip irrigation, with a focus on their design, performance and integration. The paper provides an overview of the key components and working principles of SPVPSs. Various system configurations and optimization strategies are discussed, emphasizing the importance of system sizing, energy management and water supply efficiency. The review also addresses challenges and future directions in the field. The initial investment costs, technical constraints, and the need for capacity building are identified as key challenges to widespread adoption. However, ongoing research and development efforts are focused on cost reduction, system optimization, and policy support to overcome these challenges. Technological innovations, such as advanced control algorithms and energy storage systems, are paving the way for improved system performance and reliability. The integration of SPVPSs with drip irrigation offers environmental and socio-economic benefits. These systems contribute to reduced greenhouse gas emissions and water conservation. Moreover, they enhance agricultural productivity, income generation, and food security, particularly in off-grid and rural areas. SPVPSs for drip irrigation hold great promise for sustainable agriculture and water resource management. Continued research, collaboration, and policy support are essential to further advance these systems, address challenges, and promote their widespread adoption. This review paper provides insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners interested in harnessing the potential of SPVPSs for sustainable drip irrigation.
Barriers to Uptake of Low Vision Assistive Devices Amongst Patients with Low Vision Attending Sabatia Eye Hospital, Western Kenya
Authors: Ashioya Doreen , Lang’at Evans , Bore Faith
Published: February 2024

Introduction: There is an increase in the burden of low vision, yet the uptake of low vision assistive devices is still very low in developing countries. This study aimed at investigating the barriers to uptake of low vision devices amongst patients who attended Sabatia Eye Hospital low vision clinic in the year 2018.
Methods: Patients’ medical records were retrieved from patients’ files to obtain data on demographic characteristics, causes of low vision, entry Visual Acuity (VA) and the type of device that were prescribed for the patients. Telephone calls were made to seek consent from the patients and interview them on the use and the barriers to the uptake of low vision assistive devices. A total of 57 questionnaires were completed by the patients.
Results: The majority (82.5%) of patients were using low vision assistive devices, with each level of education recording at least 75% usage of the devices. Concerning marital status, 39 (83%) of the single individuals used the devices while 8 (80%) of the married individuals used the devices. All Muslim participants as well as most Christians used the assistive devices. Uptake of low vision assistive devices was considerably lower amongst participants earning less than 1000 Kenyan shillings a month. The barriers to uptake of low vision devices, from the study, were high cost of the devices (69.2 %) distance from the facility (19.2 %), lack of awareness (3.7%) and long delivery time of the devices to the patients (7.7 %).
Conclusion: Subsidizing the cost of low vision assistive devices, creating awareness amongst the patients and training them on appropriate use of these devices will increase the uptake of low vision assistive devices.

Key words: low vision, low vision assistive devices, uptake
Serum PRL, TSH and Insulin Have Any Association with Insulin Resistance in Females with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Soni Ankita , Satyanarayana P. , Yadav Bindoo
Published: February 2024

Background & Objective: One of the main public health issues in India that has medical repercussions is polycystic ovarian syndrome. As a result of its several etiological factors, including menstruation disruption, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, obesity, and infertility. Hence, the main objective of the study is to evaluate the levels of serum PRL, TSH, FBG, Insulin and find out its association with HOMA-IR in females with PCOD.
Method: - The cross-sectional study was conducted at SGT Medical College and Hospital, Gurgaon where a total of 200 females participated in the study, out of which 100 were considered as a study group and 100 were considered as a healthy control group between the age group of 18-45 years. Fasting blood samples were drawn to assess the levels of serum PRL, serum Insulin, TSH, FBS and were sent to laboratory.
Result: A significant increase in the level of PRL, TSH, FBG, Insulin and HOMA-IR (p<0.001) were found in patients with PCOS in comparison with controls. Significant correlation was found between Serum Insulin and HOMA-IR. Further, no significant correlations were found between serum prolactin, TSH, FBG and HOMA-IR.
Conclusion: Elevated levels of PRL, TSH and Insulin indicates the possibility of developing Insulin Resistance among patients of PCOS. Insulin Resistance may be helpful in diagnosing number of comorbidities that may lead to metabolic syndrome, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, glucose intolerance, and diabetes.

Key words: Prolactin, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Fasting Blood Glucose, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, Polycystic Ovary Disorder
Metabolic syndrome as the main risk factor associated with the development of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and cardiovascular pathologies
Authors: Lopes Marta , De Souza Ligia Maria Oliveira de Souza , Jorge de Sousa Filho Neto Girnaldo Leônidas , Pereira de Souza Caroline , Merigo Santa Rosa Luiza , Barbosa Ferreira Marques Pamella , Cardoso Lima Myllena , Farias Cyrino Raquel , Mariele Paredes Dominguez Luz , Priscila Alves de Souza Barbara , Lugo Rita Cardozo , Sánchez Romina Maricel Espínola
Published: February 2024

The objective of this study is to gather information that corroborates that metabolic syndrome acts as the main risk factor associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. An integrative review, carried out between the months of August and December 2023, using the digital library Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and PUBMED in the databases using the Boolean operators: AND and OR. The results were obtained through management with the Rayyan 16 QCRI application and were structured in PRISMA flowcharts. With the search in the databases, 223 articles were found, of which 37 were selected for reading and, according to the objective of the present work, 23 articles were included in the research. In the studies observed, it is concluded that to prevent metabolic syndrome it is essential to adopt a healthy lifestyle, weight control, regular physical activity and frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels and regularly consult a health professional to adjust treatment. and ensure adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures.
Escaping Fiction
Authors: Wieland Nellie
Published: February 2024

In this paper I argue that a norm of literary fiction is to compel the reader to form beliefs about the world as it is. It may seem wrong to suggest that the reason I believe p is because I imagined p, yet literary fiction can make this the case. I argue for an account grounded in indexed doxastic susceptibilities mapped between a fictional context and the particular properties of a reader, more specifically the susceptibilities in her beliefs, attitudes, and psychological states. Works of fiction can be about different things at the same time, some of which are fictive and some of which are factual. Since belief can be weak or strong, partial or complete, tenuous or robust, opaque or clear, there are susceptibilities throughout a doxastic set out of which new beliefs are formed. Skillful works of fiction exploit these susceptibilities and create new ones. This is an aesthetic achievement of such works: they take what should be a norm-violating practice of belief-formation on the basis of imaginative engagement and they make it so.
Development and Validation of FT-IR Spectrophotometric Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Clonidine Hydrochloride and Chlorthalidone in Pharmaceutical Synthetic Mixture
Authors: Kalyankar T. M. , Wadher S. J. , Gaikwad Shital , Burje Gauri
Published: February 2024

A precise, simple, cost effective, accurate, eco-friendly and validated fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of Clonidine Hydrochloride and Chlorthalidone in pharmaceutical synthetic mixture. The developed method involves measurement of spectral wavenumber of the infrared band corresponding to (–C=N) from 1658.78 cm-1 for Clonidine Hydrochloride and (-S=O) group from 1346.31 cm-1 for Chlorthalidone. Over the range of 1.5–3% w/w for Clonidine hydrochloride and 15–90% w/w for Chlorthalidone, the method was found to be linear. It has correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.999 for Clonidine hydrochloride and 0.994 for Chlorthalidone. According to ICH guidelines, in terms of accuracy, linearity, limit of detection and limit of quantitation, precision, the developed method was validated. In addition to this, degradation behaviours of Clonidine Hydrochloride and Chlorthalidone were studied by subjecting them to sunlight, photolytic and thermal degradation.
Analytical Method Development and Validation of Beclomethasone Dipropionate and Fusidic Acid in pure and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form (Cream) by RP-HPLC
Authors: Tiwari Anuradha , Patel Dimpy , Parmar Ishvarchandra , Modi Vishalkumar
Published: February 2024

A simple, rapid, specific, cheap, eco-friendly, and accurate RP-HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of Beclomethasone Dipropionate and Fusidic Acid in pure and combination drugs has been developed and validated. A stationary phase of BDS Hypersil C18 ((250mm x 4.6m, 5m) and a mobile phase of Acetonitrile: Methanol: Orthophosphoric acid (60:20:20v/v) were used for the separation. The flow rate was continued at 1.0 ml/min and the effluent was observed at 230nm. The designated situations were appropriate for separating Beclomethasone Dipropionate and Fusidic acid eluted with a mean retention time of 7.2 and 5.1 minutes, respectively. The planned technique was validated as per the International Council for Harmonisation recommendation. Its linearity, specificity, system suitability, accuracy and precision, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, and robustness are some of the parameters that have been validated. The concentration range produced linear calibration curves of 1-6g/ml and 2-12g/ml for Beclomethasone Dipropionate and Fusidic Acid with R2 = 0.9961 and 0.9963. Percent RSD values for both intraday and interday were determined to be less than 2.0%. Demonstrating the accuracy of the approach. The technique was proven to be reliable. A successful application of the developed RP-HPLC method for the quantification of Beclomethasone Dipropionate and Fusidic Acid in marketed semi-solid dosage form (Cream).
Metformin and Omega 3 effect on Cholesterol and HDL level in Iraqi women with Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Abd Alkareem Baraa , Al–Qadhi Huda I. , S. Salman Fatima
Published: February 2024

PCOS is a prevalent endocrine condition affecting women in their reproductive years all over the world. Metabolic abnormalities in women with PCOS frequently include insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, which is characterized by low levels of HDL and increased cholesterol. Metformin, an insulin-sensitizing medication, is commonly used to treat PCOS. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oil supplements, have been shown to have beneficial effects on lipid profiles and reduce inflammation, making them a potential complementary therapy for PCOS. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a combination of metformin and omega-3 supplements on the lipid profiles of women with PCOS. This study aim to evaluate the effect of using metformin (1000mg/day) and omega 3(1000mg/day) for 3 consecutive months on cholesterol and HDL level (in prospective manner) of patient serum with PCOS. This study was performed at gynecology outpatient clinic and infertile center in AL-batol hospital during the period from December 2021 to march 2022. A total 59 women between (18-40years) with PCOS were randomly assigned into two group, the first group were taking metformin for 12 week and the second group were taking metformin and omega 3 for 12 week. There cholesterol and HDL were measure before and after the treatment .The result show that use of metformin and omega 3 is more significant (P value 0.281) in reducing the level of cholesterol and increase HDL(p value 0.627) than metformin alone (p value 0.525) and (p value 0.106) respectively.
A Qualitative Content Analysis on MilkLife Instagram Towards Awareness of Lactose-Free Milk on Urban Indonesian Consumer
Authors: Herdian Rizal BD , Syafitri Mirza , Fauzi Almira N
Published: February 2024

In Indonesia, up to 100% of people suffer from lactose intolerance therefore creating lactose-free milk by Milk Life is a vital option. However, despite its benefits, sales are not reaching the brand’s expectations, suggesting the Indonesian market is yet to be fully tapped. This research examines Milk Life's Instagram marketing strategies aimed at enhancing awareness and sales of its lactose-free milk product. Utilizing qualitative research methodology, particularly in-depth interviews for data collection and analysis, it investigates the efficacy of these marketing endeavors in educating consumers and influencing their purchasing behaviors. Upon data collection, the analysis is conducted manually, involving careful examination of interview results, linking them to research questions, and interpreting them in an interpretive manner. Results reveal a significant lack of awareness about lactose intolerance and Milk Life's products, attributed to the current digital marketing approach, which led to low purchase intentions. The study highlights an urgent need for better digital marketing strategies and communication to inform the Indonesian public about the advantages of lactose-free milk. Enhancing online visibility and education could improve market growth and meet the needs of lactose-intolerant individuals. This research emphasizes the role of targeted digital marketing to increase the reach and acceptance of lactose-free milk in Indonesia.
Effect of electrogenerated random defects on Pt(111) surface over methanol electrooxidation: Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies
Authors: Colle Vinicius Del
Published: February 2024

In the present paper, the influence of electrogenerated (110) defects in the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR)
on a Pt(111) electrode has been studied. It is shown that methanol oxidation is favored at the defected surfaces as
evidenced by the displacement of the onset potential to lower values and the increase of the peak current density.
The currents obtained by transient curves at short times (0.015 – 0.50 s) at 0.50 V vs RHE demonstrate the faster
formation of strongly adsorbed species on disordered surfaces when compared to Pt(111). On the other hand, for
long-term transient currents (600 s), the surface with a higher surface density of (110) defects presented the best
activity among all ones studied. Galvanostatic results showed that potential oscillations emerged only on
disordered surfaces. The large induction time up to the beginning of the oscillations as well as the lower fre­
quency registered on these surfaces demonstrates the enhancement of CO formation on defects. This point is
confirmed by in situ FTIR experiments. From the results obtained by using electrochemical techniques, it was
possible to infer that the dehydration rate constant (kdh) and the rate constant for CO oxidation (kCO) are affected
by the number of (110) defects, which give rise to kCO and kdh values higher than those obtained for Pt(111).
Relative equilibria and periodic orbits in a Circular Planar (2+2)-Body Problem, Equilibria in an accelerated three-body problem
Authors: Freeman Nick , McInnes Colin
Published: February 2024

Relative equilibria and periodic orbits in a Circular Planar (2+2)-Body Problem

Authors: Lennard F. Bakker, Nicholas J. Freeman

We present a planar four-body model, the Circular Planar (2+2)-Body Problem, for the motion of two asteroids (having small but positive masses) moving under the gravitational attraction of each other and under the gravitational attraction of two primaries (with masses much larger than the two smaller mass bodies) moving in uniform circular motion about their center of mass.

Equilibria in an accelerated three-body problem

The general three-body problem is investigated with the addition of an external force applied to one of the masses. It is firstly demonstrated that the centre-of-mass of the three-body system accelerates. Then, it is demonstrated that only a single, unstable, collinear equilibrium solution exits in the accelerating frame. While unstable, it is also demonstrated that this single equilibrium configuration is in principle controllable using additional control accelerations distributed between the masses. Potential applications of such an accelerated collinear equilibrium configuration are discussed for the active manoeuvring of chains of small asteroids for space resource utilisation.
INSTRUMENTELLE RATIONALITÄT UND SKEPTIZISMUS. LÄSST SICH DIE HUME‘SCHE AUFFASSUNG DER PRAKTISCHEN RATIONALITÄT ALS SKEPTIZISMUS VERSTEHEN?
Authors: PERSU Darius
Published: February 2024

This essay examines the question of whether the Humean view of instrumental rationality, i.e., rationality in the sense of acting optimally to achieve given goals, should be understood as skepticism. The analysis draws on two classic texts on the problem of practical rationality, namely K. Setiya's essay "Hume on Practical Reason" and J. Hampton's essay "Does Hume have an Instrumental Conception on Practical Reason?”. The text contains three parts. The first part is dedicated to some terminological distinctions regarding the question of skepticism and practical rationality. The second part outlines the arguments offered by the two authors in relation to the question posed in the title. The third part of the analysis points out the most important ideas that, in my opinion, make K. Setyia's argumentation more convincing than J. Hampton's.
THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF MYSTERY IN RUDOLF OTTO’S METAPHYSICS
Authors: CUCU Marius , LENȚA Oana
Published: February 2024

The interrogation of the sacred proposed by Rudolf Otto’s metaphysical theology is not so much an answerless question as it is a conceptual open invitation to becoming aware of the phenomenon of meeting sacrality. It is also desired to become aware of the limits of reason in the process of analyzing the phenomenology of the sacred. Thus, the irrational is assumed to have the sense of mystery and knowledge becomes, then, an assumption of that which cannot be known about mystery. Regarded analytically, in the Kantian sense, the mystery and the numinous state it induces, that of mysterum tremendum, is revealed to be situated beyond the formalisms of reason, but also of the conventional ethics, metaphysically undefinable, above the relations of causality or dependency. Its reality, confirmed, at the level of the impact on human conscience, and by the philosophies of empirical pragmatism, could better be postulated by appealing to similar perspectives of the negative theology. For Rudolf Otto, these ascertainments and the appeal to the terminological genesis and evolution of the concept of divine mystery’s typology constitute landmarks which confirm the dimension of the human being’s spiritual life, a dimension which remains, for now, undefinable for the potential of our reason and argumentative logic.
Pengaruh Keadilan Organisasi Dan Iklim Etis Terhadap Kinerja Dengan Variable Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Mediasi
Authors: Binardi Timan , B. Setiadi Pompong , Dwi Fanny
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak keadilan organisasi dan iklim etis terhadap kinerja karyawan, dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai mediator. Melalui metode kuantitatif dan penyebaran kuesioner kepada karyawan dari berbagai organisasi, data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keadilan organisasi dan iklim etis berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja dan kinerja karyawan. Selain itu, kepuasan kerja juga berfungsi sebagai mediator yang menghubungkan keadilan organisasi dan iklim etis dengan kinerja karyawan. Implikasi penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya penciptaan lingkungan kerja yang adil dan etis oleh organisasi untuk meningkatkan kepuasan kerja dan kinerja karyawan. Menyelaraskan nilai-nilai keadilan dan etika dalam struktur organisasi dapat memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap motivasi dan produktivitas karyawan, menciptakan atmosfer kerja yang kondusif bagi pertumbuhan dan keberhasilan bersama.
Spiritual Values In Buddhism And Christianity: A Philosophical Study
Authors: Sangma Dipty D , Bharani Dr. M.
Published: February 2024

The spiritual values of Buddhism and Christianity, are two major world religions with profound influences on the lives and beliefs of millions of people. Buddhism, originating over 2,500 years ago with Siddhartha Gautama, "the Buddha," and Christianity, rooted in the teachings of Jesus Christ, offer rich spiritual values centered on compassion, love, morality, mindfulness, and forgiveness. Through an in-depth examination of these values, the study unveils their significance and influence in guiding the lives of adherents. Compassion, regarded as the cornerstone in both Buddhism and Christianity, drives the alleviation of suffering and ethical living. Love and charity are paramount in Christianity, while Buddhism emphasizes generosity. Moral conduct is fundamental in both, with Buddhism placing strong emphasis on the Noble Eightfold Path. Mindfulness is a shared practice, that promotes self-awareness and inner peace. Forgiveness, crucial in Christianity, emphasizes reconciliation and restoration. These values, though differently interpreted due to their theological foundations, demonstrate a universal theme of empathy and interconnectedness. This study further accentuates the relevance of these shared values in the contemporary world, fostering dialogue between Buddhists and Christians to cultivate a more compassionate and understanding society. It delves into the practical implications of these values for personal growth and ethical decision-making, offering insights into their potential to bridge differences and promote empathy. By highlighting these shared spiritual compasses, this study encourages the pursuit of virtuous and righteous living within the diverse contexts of Buddhism and Christianity and paves the way for an enriched interfaith discourse.