bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical quality of duck meat marinated using Keranji (Dialium indium) and mini vacuum tumbler
Authors: Patriani P , Sitepu S Y , Sari T V , Desnamrina K C
Published: February 2024

A sustainable green economy in meat production must consider food safety principles, prevent the risk of meat contamination and improve meat quality. Duck meat has a darker colour than chicken meat, a distinctive aroma, tough texture and high fat, making it less preferred by consumers. This study aimed to determine the effect of Keranji marination using a mini vacuum tumbler on duck meat. This study used a complete factorial randomised design with four replicates. Factor I was the concentration of Keranji (D0=0%, D1=10%, D2=20% and D3=30%). Factor II is marination time using a mini vacuum tumbler (V1=15 minutes and V2=30 minutes). The results showed that Keranji concentration and marination time using a mini vacuum tumbler very significantly affected (P<0.01) pH, tenderness, cooking loss, moisture content and colour. The interaction between Keranji concentration and marination time using a mini vacuum tumbler significantly affects (<0.05) pH, cooking weight loss and tenderness. It was concluded that the best result was the best for Keranji with 20% concentration and marination time using a mini vacuum tumbler of 30 minutes. Keranji is recommended as a marinade that can sustainably improve the physicochemical quality of meat.
Inventory of plants as food source for Apis sp. and Trigona sp. in Tlekung Batu East Java Indonesia
Authors: Purwantiningsih B , Leksono A S , Yanuwiyadi B , Gama Z P
Published: February 2024

This study aims to identify plant species and analyze the density (D), frequency (F), Importance Value Index (IVI) of each plant that is a source of food for Apis sp. and Trigona sp. in Tlekung Village. This research was conducted using survey and sampling methods in 3 garden locations where there is honey bee cultivation. Each location has 10 plots, one plot has an area of 1m x 1m. Data analysis using RD, RF, and IVI formulas. The results of the study were 2579 individuals consisting of 37 species from 20 families and 18 orders. The plant species that has the largest IVI is Synedrella nodiflora (66.30) from the family Asteraceae order Asterales as well as recommendations to be provided around the garden to support the feed of Apis sp. and Trigona sp.
Correlation macroeconomic, government efficiency, infrastructure, and climate change vulnerability: a cross-country analysis
Authors: Ernawati E , Madi R A , Asri M
Published: February 2024

The government is required to take proactive steps to participate in interventions that strengthen resilience in response to climate change as SDG 13: Climate Action. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the correlation of government performance, in the form of macroeconomic performance, efficiency, and infrastructure availability with vulnerability to climate change. Data were analyzed from 2021 to 2022 for 57 countries and the variables used were macroeconomic performance, government efficiency, infrastructure, and vulnerability. Furthermore, vulnerability variable has three dimensions, namely susceptibility, lack of coping capacities, and lack of adaptive capacities. The data used in this study were sourced from reputable references, such as World Competitiveness Yearbook and World Risk Report. For data analysis, correlation and comparison tests were judiciously applied. The results showed that macroeconomic performance, government efficiency, and infrastructure were negatively correlated with vulnerability. Macroeconomic performance and government efficiency variables had the strongest moderate correlation with climate change vulnerability, while infrastructure had a moderate to strong correlation. The results recommended a policy of providing infrastructure in vulnerable areas since economic performance could not guarantee resilience to climate change.
Drying kinetics of rice using a flatbed dryer with a hot air source from a biomass waste pyrolysis reactor
Authors: Hasibuan R , Yudianto Y P , Aritonang M Y A , Fazillah R , Pramananda V
Published: February 2024

This study aims to evaluate the process of rice drying using a flatbed dryer integrated with a biomass waste pyrolysis reactor as a heat supplier. The integration of dryer equipment with pyrolysis reactor aims to replace the use of fossil fuel energy with biomass as an eco-friendly source and abundantly available in nature. The current investigation assessed how tray height and drying temperature affected rice’s moisture ratio, drying rate, and drying characteristics. The drying air temperature of 70°C and the tray height of 40 cm were found to yield the optimum drying outcomes, according to the results. The best drying kinetics model that can describe the rice drying process is the Page model.
Macronutrient and micronutrient intake in vegetarian and non-vegetarian groups of young adults
Authors: Anindya R N , Ervina E
Published: February 2024

Plant-based diets have gained popularity, especially in young age groups. This diet has shown many health benefits, however, following an unbalanced plant-based diet may lead to nutrient insufficiency. This study aims to compare the intake of macronutrients (calories, protein, fat, carbohydrates) and micronutrients (iron, calcium, vitamin B1) between the vegetarian and non-vegetarian groups of young adults. The 2x24h food recall was used to assess the food intake. A total of 140 participants (mean age 25.81 ± 6.64, 36% male and 64% female) participated in this study and they were divided into the vegetarian (n=65) and the non-vegetarian (n=75) groups. The results indicate that the vegetarian group has a lower intake (p< 0.001) for calories, protein, and fat compared to the non-vegetarian group. They also have a lower intake (p< 0.001) of iron and calcium, but a higher intake (p< 0.05) of vitamin B1 as compared to the non-vegetarian group. The source of foods was found to be varied in the vegetarian group but they consumed less amount of foods compared to the non-vegetarian group. This study can be used as educational materials for emphasizing the behavioral change on the importance of a balanced plant-based diet and promoting good and sustainable dietary practices.
Phytochemical investigation and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction of salaon leaves (Indigofera tinctoria Linn.)
Authors: Cintya H , Hutagalung C M
Published: February 2024

Plants known as salaon (Indigofera tinctoria L.) are commonly employed in conventional medicine. Salaon leaves have secondary metabolites sunch as alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, glycoside, phenol, saponin and triterpenoid levels have benefit as antioxidants in counteracting free radicals. The aimed of this research was to investigate the Antioxidant properties of The EESL, NHFSL and EAFSL. Phytochemical investigation process was used on extracts and fractions. Antioxidant properties was determined using the DPPH technique and a UV/Vis spectrophotometer at 515 nm. The water level of salaon leaf simplicia was around 9.32%; water-soluble extract of 34.70%, ethanol-soluble extract of 23.94%, total ash of 8.57% and acid insoluble ash of 1.38%. Alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids were found in the phytochemical investigation of EESL. The EESL, NHFSL and EAFSL which were tested for antioxidant properties revealed IC50 values of (70.5046 ± 0.0409; 77.2190 ± 0.0021; 56.5593 ± 0.0120) µg/mL. IC50 value of quercetin in the extremely strong category is 2.5424± 0.0010 µg/mL. The results of this investigation indicate that salaon leaf ethanol extract, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate fraction have potent antioxidant properties.
The effect of variations in coffee and tiwai plants as drink products on blood lipid profiles and hematological indices
Authors: Saragih B , Ester A , Putri Y V , Rachmawati M , Rohmah M , Ismanto A , Ardhani F , Saragih F M
Published: February 2024

Plants or spices can be processed into herbal drinks as an alternative to traditional medicine. Using existing local resources, it is possible to produce functional food in the form of drinks. Tiwai coffee (TC) is a drink made by mixing Tiwai onion powder (TP) with coffee powder (CP), sugar, and salt. Therefore, this research aims to determine the effect of administering TC, ground coffee, green coffee (GC), TP, and instant Tiwai (IT) on lipid profiles of cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides, hematological indices of Hb, erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), and hematocrit (HCT), glucose, heart rate, and body temperature in mice. Furthermore, a post-test-only control group design was applied with six treatment types and seven replications. The data were analysed using ANOVA and once a significant difference was discovered, the Tukey’s with a 5% level was subsequently conducted. The administered products had a significant effect only on HDL, TG, WBCs, and body temperature, excluding other parameters. In general, it is best to give green coffee. In general, the best treatment is giving green coffee, especially when increasing immunity as indicated by the lowest WBCs value.
Application of pGFPuv mutant to study Cronobacter sakazakii survival in corn flour during storage
Authors: Sinamo K N , Dewanti-Hariyadi R , Suliantari
Published: February 2024

Cronobacter sakazakii is more resistant in dry conditions for more than 2 years. However, study on the behavior of C. sakazakii in dry product using wild type may encounter problem of inability to distinguish target C. sakazakii with naturally occuring C. sakazakii. This research is useful in studying of C.sakazakii pFGPuv in corn flour having different initial moisture content stored in different relative humidity to ensure food safety and sustainability. The corn flour had a water content of 9% and 12 (w.b.) which had been inoculated with C. sakazakii pFGPuv for 16 weeks at 3 different RHs (50%, 70%, and 90%). The survival ability of C. sakazakii of GFPuv was better in corn flour with an Aw of 0.42-0.44 stored at RH 50% compared to RH 70 and 90%. C. sakazakii pGFPuv survived better at RH 50% which had Aw of 0.42-0.44 which was stored at RH 50% compared to RH 70 and 90%. The number of C. sakazakii pGFPuv in corn flour decreased by 0.470-0.489 log cycle/week. Therefore, the number of C. sakazakii in corn flour that will be stored needs to be considered to produce food that is safe to support good health and well-being.
Physical quality of goat milk yogurt with the addition of pineapple and purple sweet potato
Authors: Ketaren N Br , Hasanah U , Agustien A
Published: February 2024

It is necessary to eliminate the rancid smell of goat milk by fermentation technology through yogurt-making plus pineapple juice and purple sweet potato juice stabilizer. Adding pineapple juice and purple sweet potato is a food diversification by utilizing agricultural production and maintaining environmental sustainability. The study sought to enhance consumer enthusiasm for ingesting goat milk yoghurt by incorporating pineapple juice and purple sweet potato. This study used a factorial experiment in RAL 3 x 3 with 3 replications. Factor I pineapple juice dose consists of N1 = 5%, N2 = 10%, and N3 =15%. Factor II dose of purple sweet potato juice consisted T1: 0.2% (T1), T2: 0.4% and T3: 0.6%. Control goat milk yogurt without adding pineapple and purple sweet potato juice. The parameters studied consisted of. swell ability and solubility, syneresis, viscosity and WHC (Water Holding Capacity). The results of the study the addition of 15% pineapple juice (N3) and 0.6% purple sweet potato (T3) produced the best physical quality of goat milk yogurt increasing the swelling power, solubility, water holding capacity, viscosity with respective values of 10.73%, 3.08%, 90%, and 352.93% and decreasing syneresis with a value of 15.73%.
Effect of mass and size husk ash adsorbent on acid number and free fatty acid of virgin coconut oil (vco) produced by enzymatic process
Authors: Juwitaningtyas T , Vennada A A
Published: February 2024

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is an oil produced using low temperatures. Efforts to maintain and improve the quality of VCO with papain enzymatic manufacturing method followed by the provision of husk ash adsorbent. The use of papain enzyme as much as 1.5% w/v with an incubation temperature of 40°C 24 hours was effective in reducing acid numbers. The husk ash adsorbent which was treated in an oven at 120°C 2 hours was effective in improving the color quality of the VCO. Variations of husk ash were adsorbent size (60, 80, and 100) mesh and mass (15, 20, and 25) grams. The sample that has been mixed with adsorbent is stirred with a magnetic stirrer at 300 rpm 1 hour then separated by centrifuge at 1000 rpm 1 hour and ends with VCO filtering with filter paper to separate the remaining adsorbent from the oil. Samples were tested for acid number and free fatty acid content. The results show that the smaller the size of the adsorbent and the more the amount added gives a positive effect on decreasing the acid number and free fatty acid content. Production of VCO has low environmental impact because it uses low energy.
Effect of durian and jackfruit seed starch combination variation on bioethanol content using Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Raju  , Sidabutar Y N
Published: February 2024

Durian and jackfruit seeds are around 5-15% of whole fruit, and only few is utilized as animal feed and generally become waste. Based on the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics, durian production in Indonesia reached 1.35 million tons in 2021 and increased by 19.40% compared to 2020. The government issued a policy to encourage the development of renewable energy sources as an alternative to fuel oil because the oil supply will run out in about 12 years. The government targets the use of renewable energy in 2025 to reach 23% by preparing a program to implement the use of bioethanol in motor vehicles and preparing the bioethanol industry in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to get the best seeds combination to produce highest bioethanol content. Research used 50 gram 80 mesh durian and jackfruit seed starch combination and was started with multistage fermentation with addition of Aspergillus niger for 72 hours to produce glucose then continued with Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 120 hours to produce ethanol. The next stage was to distill for 6 hours to separate ethanol and water using the boiling point difference principle. The ethanol will be analyzed using refractometer. The highest ethanol content obtained was 20% from a combination of 25% jackfruit and 75% durian seed starch. This ethanol content was higher than the previous research with 100% durian seed starch which was up to 1.61% and for 100% jackfruit seed starch was up to 2.435%.
Effect of humic acid, calcium and poultry waste on growth and yield of broccoli
Authors: Juma S S , Ahmed F W , Alsalman A H
Published: February 2024

A field experiment aimed to investigate the effect of humic acid, calcium spraying on the plant and poultry waste on growth and yield of broccoli in Abu Ghraib area within the Horticultural Department during 2019 season. The study utilized a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Humic acid to the soil at two levels (0 and 40 L ha−1), poultry manure at two levels (0 and 12 Mg ha−1), nitrogen at 96 kg N ha−1, phosphorous at 184 kg P ha−1, potassium added at 100 kg K ha−1. Calcium sprayed on the plants in the form of CaCl2 and CaSO4 at two levels (0 and 10 g L−1). Results showed effects of humic acid, incorporating poultry manure, plant calcium spraying, their interactions, on N, P and K in flowering leaves number, and plant yield. Nitrogen concentration in the flowering tablets reached 3.04%, phosphorus concentration in the flowering tablets was 0.47%, and potassium concentration in the flowering discs was 3.23%. Additionally, there was a notable increase in leaves number per plant (41.47 leaf plant−1) and plant yield reached 30.07 Mg ha−1, representing a remarkable of 143.87% compared to control.
Program concept and implementation CSR PT. Toba Pulp Lestari, Tbk in community empowerment for livelihood sustainability
Authors: Pakpahan H T , Simatupang D I S , Sitepu I , Maryunianta Y
Published: February 2024

The issue of the negative impact of PT Toba Pulp Lestari (PT TPL) operations on the environment continues to circulate, but on the other hand, the company has received several awards in the field of community empowerment. This study has the objectives to (1) To find out the concept of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program of PT TPL in community empowerment for livelihood sustainability. (2) To study the implementation of PT TPL based on the perspective of community empowerment. This research uses the descriptive method and qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by triangulation. The method of data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman interactive method. The results of this study can be concluded that (1) The concept of PT TPL Program in community empowerment is carried out in accordance with the Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) by involving community leaders, the community, local government, and all elements of society. (2) Implementation CSR PT TPL toward the community1empowerment program consists of 4 categories i.e. human, business, environmental, and institutional development. It has been a good relationship between the local community, the local government, and the company. The CSR program is influencing the level of community welfare.
The adaptation to climate change of Bromo horticultural farmer to support the environmental and economic dimensions on sustainable agriculture
Authors: Hariyati Y , Hendarsyah A R , Muhtadi K , Rahman R Y , Ibanah I
Published: February 2024

Climate change is a challenge for all humankind, generally caused by the El Nino and La Nina phenomenon. The impact of climate change affects production and income of people who depend on the agricultural sector, one of which is the horticulture sub-sector. This research aims to analyze forms of adaptation to climate change, support for adaptation to ecological/environmental and economic dimensions, as well as factors are taken into consideration by farmers in adapting to climate change. The research was conducted in the Bromo area, Probolinggo Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis, difference test analysis, and logit analysis. The results show that there are 13 forms of climate change adaptation performed by horticultural farmers. Adaptation to climate change is proven to support the ecological/environmental and economic dimensions in realizing sustainable agriculture. Farmers with a high level of adaptation to climate change have higher productivity, income per hectare and cost efficiency than farmers with a low level of adaptation. Factors that influence the decision making of horticultural farmers to implement climate change adaptation include education, number of family, and land area of horticulture.
The sustainability of production and the US Dollar exchange rate influence Indonesian Cocoa and Pepper exports and their competitiveness
Authors: Sitepu I , Nainggolan M L W
Published: February 2024

This research aims to determine the sustainability of production factors and the US dollar exchange rate on Indonesian cocoa and pepper exports for the 2002-2021, as well as their competitiveness with Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, and Japan during the period of 2017-2021. The data analysis methods used were Multiple Linear Regression, RAC, and EPD. The research results indicate that production sustainability has a significant effect on Indonesian cocoa and pepper exports for the 2002-2021 period, while the US Dollar exchange rate variable has a significant effect on cocoa exports but an insignificant effect on pepper exports. The competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa for the 2017-2021 period, using the RCA method, is strong in Malaysia, Singapore, and Japan but weak in Thailand and Vietnam. However, with the EPD method, exports to Singapore and Vietnam are in the Raising Star position, to Thailand and Japan in the Falling Star position, and to Malaysia in the Lost Opportunity position. With the RCA method for the 2017-2021 period, Indonesia’s pepper competitiveness is weak in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, and Japan, but with the EPD method, it is Raising Star in Malaysia and Vietnam, Falling Star in Thailand and Japan, and Lost Opportunity in Singapore.
Farmer’s considerations of grain quality based on government policy: Hutabayu Raja District, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatera Province
Authors: Sembiring S A , Hutauruk J , Saragi C P H , Purba A W D
Published: February 2024

Based on rice policy, this study shows that grain quality is the most important economically for farmers when selling rice. The study examines factors that influence farmers’ consideration of grain quality when selling GKP. Using a questionnaire, data were collected from 150 randomly selected farmers. Binary logistic regression model and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Binary logit results show that variables such as age, area, and GKP price increase the likelihood that farmers consider grain quality when selling GK. On the other hand, increasing farmers’ education and experience levels has a negative impact on their ability to consider grain quality before selling GKP.
Critical of climate change to risk of financial and productivity rice crop in Hamparan Perak District
Authors: Sriwardany  , Fadhilah D D , Sunny R
Published: February 2024

Climatic conditions continue to change, can be seen from various parameters such as rainfall, rainy days, wind speed and solar irradiation. Theoretically, it has an impact on the productivity and welfare of rice farmers and also poses a risk to production and directly or indirectly impacts the finances of rice farmers. The aims of this study were to analyze whether there are differences in rice farming productivity under different climatic conditions. Then to analyze the financial risk on farming rice due the climate change. The research location is in Hamparan Perak District, Deli Serdang Regency, Sumatra Utara Province. We involved 50 farmers as samples and three experts and experienced farmers in risk analysis. Analysis of productivity differences was carried out using the paired sample t-test method with the SPSS 26 tool. While risk analysis is carried out using failure mode effect analysis with Risk Priority Number calculation techniques. The results found that there were significant differences in rice farming productivity during planting periods with different climates. There are 22 financial risks that have the potential to occur in the rice farming process, from land preparation to harvesting stage. The highest level of risk is at the maintenance stage.
The prime spectrum of an 𝐿-algebra
Authors: Rump Wolfgang , Vendramin Leandro
Published: February 2024

We prove that the lattice of ideals of an arbitrary

L
L

-algebra is distributive. As a consequence, a spectral theory applies with no restriction. We also study the spectrum (i.e. the set of prime ideals) of

L
L

-algebras and characterize prime ideals in topological terms.
Hodge numbers of desingularized fiber products of elliptic surfaces
Authors: Schoen Chad
Published: February 2024

Each element of

(

Z

≥
0

)
2

(\Bbb Z_{\geq 0})^2

is realized as the Hodge vector

(

h

3
,
0

(
Z
)
,

h

2
,
1

(
Z
)
)

(h^{3,0}(Z),h^{2,1}(Z))

of some compact, connected, three dimensional, complex, submanifold,

Z
⊂

P

C

N

Z\subset \Bbb P^N_{\Bbb C}

. Each

(
x
,
y
)
∈
(

Z

≥
1

)
2

(x,y)\in (\Bbb Z_{\geq 1})^2

with

y
≤
11
x
+
8

y\leq 11x+8

is shown to be the Hodge vector of a projective desingularized fiber product of elliptic surfaces which moves in moduli.
Global regularity and decay behavior for Leray equations with critical-dissipation and its application to self-similar solutions
Authors: Miao Changxing , Zheng Xiaoxin
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we show the global regularity and the optimal decay of weak solutions to the generalized Leray problem with critical dissipation. Our approach hinges on the maximal smoothing effect,

L

p

L^{p}

-type elliptic regularity of linearization, and the action of the heat semigroup generated by the fractional powers of Laplace operator on distributions with Fourier transforms supported in an annulus. As a by-product, we construct a self-similar solution to the three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Most notably, we prove the global regularity and the optimal decay without the need for additional requirements found in existing literatures.
Fire and flood
Authors: McGuire Bill
Published: February 2024

It is not surprising that, on a hotter planet, the occurrence and impacts of wildfires and floods are becoming magnified. Extra heat enhances the tinder dry conditions required for wildfires to ignite and spread, while a warmer atmosphere holds more water in vapour form, fostering the extreme precipitation that drives flooding. Wildfires have devastated huge areas of North America, Russia, Australia, and southern Europe in recent years, especially where so-called ‘heat domes’ have brought exceptional and persistent temperatures. The greatest wildfires can last for months, becoming self-perpetuating as pyrocumulonimbus clouds build into colossal thunderstorms triggering lightning strikes that cause new burns. As rainfall becomes more extreme and persistent, both river flooding and surface flooding have become more common, and increasingly devastating. Flash floods, which happen with little or no warning, are—in particular—a growing threat to life. Meanwhile, accelerating construction across flood plains means that river flooding is affecting ever more people and having an increasing impact on vulnerable infrastructure. Some of the worst flooding in recent years has been caused by so-called atmospheric rivers—long conveyor belts of moist air that bring torrential rains and can last for days, even weeks. As sea levels continue to rise, the coastal zone is increasingly impacted, not only by flooding but by permanent inundation. This is especially problematical where large cities are constructed on river deltas from which water is being abstracted, and which are sinking rapidly at the same time as the sea rises.
ASACO: Automatic and Serial Analysis of CO-expression to discover gene modifiers with potential use in drug repurposing
Authors: Moral-Turón Cristina , Asencio-Cortés Gualberto , Rodriguez-Diaz Francesc , Rubio Alejandro , Navarro Alberto G , Brokate-Llanos Ana M , Garzón Andrés , Muñoz Manuel J , Pérez-Pulido Antonio J
Published: February 2024

Massive gene expression analyses are widely used to find differentially expressed genes under specific conditions. The results of these experiments are often available in public databases that are undergoing a growth similar to that of molecular sequence databases in the past. This now allows novel secondary computational tools to emerge that use such information to gain new knowledge. If several genes have a similar expression profile across heterogeneous transcriptomics experiments, they could be functionally related. These associations are usually useful for the annotation of uncharacterized genes. In addition, the search for genes with opposite expression profiles is useful for finding negative regulators and proposing inhibitory compounds in drug repurposing projects. Here we present a new web application, Automatic and Serial Analysis of CO-expression (ASACO), which has the potential to discover positive and negative correlator genes to a given query gene, based on thousands of public transcriptomics experiments. In addition, examples of use are presented, comparing with previous contrasted knowledge. The results obtained propose ASACO as a useful tool to improve knowledge about genes associated with human diseases and noncoding genes. ASACO is available at http://www.bioinfocabd.upo.es/asaco/.
Recovery from kidney failure associated with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension following pulmonary thomboendarterectomy
Authors: Nassar George M , Jameson Robert , Sathiyaraj Steffi , Bidikian Nayda , Villasmil Hernandez Nelson , Sahay Sandeep
Published: February 2024

The occurrence of renal failure in pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an ominous sign and implies excessive adverse hemodynamic factors. Pharmacologic agents to treat the PH are the mainstay of management, whereas diuretics assist in management of fluid overload. However, when such measures fail, dialysis and ultrafiltration (UF) become necessary to manage progressive azotemia and hypervolemia. Reversal of PH is essential to interrupt this vicious cycle of multisystem failure; otherwise, the need for renal replacement therapy would be permanent.
Impact of climate change on vegetation patterns in Altay Prefecture, China
Authors: Li Li , Pang Yi-Zhi , Sun Gui-Quan , Ruan Shigui
Published: February 2024

Altay Prefecture, a typical arid region in northwestern China, has experienced the climate transition from warming-drying to warming-wetting since 1980s and has attracted widespread attention. Nonetheless, it is still unclear how climate change has influenced the distribution of vegetation in this region. In this paper, a reaction–diffusion model of the climate–vegetation system is proposed to study the impact of climate change (precipitation, temperature and carbon dioxide concentration) on vegetation patterns in Altay Prefecture. Our results indicate that the tendency of vegetation growth in Altay Prefecture improved gradually from 1985 to 2010. Under the current climate conditions, the increase of precipitation results in the change of vegetation pattern structures, and eventually vegetation coverage tends to be uniform. Moreover, we found that there exists an optimal temperature where the spot vegetation pattern structure remains stable. Furthermore, the increase in carbon dioxide concentration induces vegetation pattern transition. Based on four climate change scenarios of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), we used the power law range (PLR) to predict the optimal scenario for the sustainable development of the vegetation ecosystem in Altay Prefecture.
Metabolic cell death in cancer: ferroptosis, cuproptosis, disulfidptosis, and beyond
Authors: Mao Chao , Wang Min , Zhuang Li , Gan Boyi
Published: February 2024

Cell death resistance represents a hallmark of cancer. Recent studies have identified metabolic cell death as unique forms of regulated cell death resulting from an imbalance in the cellular metabolism. This review discusses the mechanisms of metabolic cell death—ferroptosis, cuproptosis, disulfidptosis, lysozincrosis, and alkaliptosis—and explores their potential in cancer therapy. Our review underscores the complexity of the metabolic cell death pathways and offers insights into innovative therapeutic avenues for cancer treatment.
Which Subjective Expectations Explain Asset Prices?
Authors: De la O Ricardo , Myers Sean
Published: February 2024

We present a method for determining whether errors in expectations explain asset pricing puzzles without imposing assumptions about the error mechanism. Using accounting identities and survey forecasts, we find that errors in expected long-term inflation explain price variation, return predictability, and the rejection of the expectations hypothesis for aggregate stock and bond markets. Errors in short-term (long-term) nominal earnings growth expectations explain (do not explain) stock price variation and return predictability. The relevant errors are consistent with mistakes about the persistence of forecasted variables and the response to surprises. A simple framework based on fundamental extrapolation successfully replicates these findings. (JEL G40, G12, G14, E71)
Driving effect of P16 methylation on telomerase reverse transcriptase-mediated immortalization and transformation of normal human fibroblasts
Authors: Zhang Xuehong , Li Paiyun , Gan Ying , Xiang Shengyan , Gu Liankun , Zhou Jing , Zhou Xiaorui , Wu Peihuang , Zhang Baozhen , Deng Dajun
Published: February 2024

Background:

P16 inactivation is frequently accompanied by telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) amplification in human cancer genomes. P16 inactivation by DNA methylation often occurs automatically during immortalization of normal cells by TERT. However, direct evidence remains to be obtained to support the causal effect of epigenetic changes, such as P16 methylation, on cancer development. This study aimed to provide experimental evidence that P16 methylation directly drives cancer development.

Methods:

A zinc finger protein-based P16-specific DNA methyltransferase (P16-Dnmt) vector containing a “Tet-On” switch was used to induce extensive methylation of P16 CpG islands in normal human fibroblast CCD-18Co cells. Battery assays were used to evaluate cell immortalization and transformation throughout their lifespan. Cell subcloning and DNA barcoding were used to track the diversity of cell evolution.

Results:

Leaking P16-Dnmt expression (without doxycycline-induction) could specifically inactivate P16 expression by DNA methylation. P16 methylation only promoted proliferation and prolonged lifespan but did not induce immortalization of CCD-18Co cells. Notably, cell immortalization, loss of contact inhibition, and anchorage-independent growth were always prevalent in P16-Dnmt&TERT cells, indicating cell transformation. In contrast, almost all TERT cells died in the replicative crisis. Only a few TERT cells recovered from the crisis, in which spontaneous P16 inactivation by DNA methylation occurred. Furthermore, the subclone formation capacity of P16-Dnmt&TERT cells was two-fold that of TERT cells. DNA barcoding analysis showed that the diversity of the P16-Dnmt&TERT cell population was much greater than that of the TERT cell population.

Conclusion:

P16 methylation drives TERT-mediated immortalization and transformation of normal human cells that may contribute to cancer development.
Novel Therapeutic Insights Into the Treatment of Pericarditis: Targeting the Innate Immune System
Authors: Vecchié Alessandra , Bonaventura Aldo , Golino Michele , Thomas Georgia , Abbate Antonio
Published: February 2024

Acute pericarditis is characterized by pericardial inflammation that can be treated with anti-inflammatory drugs. A considerable percentage of patients develops recurrent pericarditis with several relapses. In developed countries, the idiopathic form is the most frequent and has a high risk of recurrences. Two pathophysiological mechanisms have been described for idiopathic recurrent pericarditis: autoimmune and autoinflammatory. The autoimmune mechanism is more frequently encountered in patients with rheumatologic disorders, especially systemic lupus erythematosus. The innate immune system plays a central role in the pathophysiology of pericarditis, especially in the autoinflammatory phenotype. Current evidence highlights the central role played by interleukin 1 and NLRP3 (NACHT, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) in idiopathic recurrent pericarditis. Accordingly, interleukin 1 blockers have been approved for the treatment of this condition. Neutrophils are likely to be important in such setting; however, their role has only been partially investigated. In the present review, we have collected the current knowledge on the role of innate immune system in pericarditis pathophysiology and how this can be used to provide targeted treatments for patients with recurrent pericarditis.
Case Management in Prevention of 30-Day Readmission in Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Mary Annapoorna , Mzayek Fawaz , Lefler Leanne L. , Jiang Yu (Joyce) , Taylor Meghan Meadows
Published: February 2024

Purpose of Study:

Thirty-day readmission is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among postoperative coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery patients. Interventions such as case management and follow-up care may reduce 30-day readmission. The purpose of this article is to report a study on modifiable factors that may have significant implications for case management in the prevention of readmission after CABG surgery.

Primary Practice Setting(s):

The study population included all the adult patients who underwent first-time CABG surgery from January 1, 2013, to January 1, 2016, from a Mid-South hospital.

Methodology and Sample:

A retrospective case–control study was employed to examine 1,712 patients who underwent CABG surgery.

Results:

The results revealed that patients readmitted within 30 days had a significantly shorter length of stay (LOS) (6 days vs. 10 days; p < .0001), more days in intensive care unit (6 days vs. 4 days; p = .0391), and significantly higher diabetes/renal (4% vs. 1%), infection (17% vs. 2%), and respiratory-related diagnoses (10% vs. 1%; p < .0001).

Implications for Case Management Practice:

Among these factors, hospital LOS is a major factor that can be addressed through case management in addition to other modifiable risk factors. Understanding modifiable factors associated with higher readmission risk is crucial for effective intervention and case management planning.
An intelligent continuous bladder irrigation monitoring and control system: Development and preliminary assessment
Authors: Liu Chunxia , Wang Lu , Chen Zhiqian , Zhang Hongxian , Li Baohua
Published: February 2024

Objectives:

To design an intelligent continuous bladder irrigation monitoring and control system and preliminarily assess its sensitivity of the early warning of flushing anomalies.

Methods:

According to the principle of bladder irrigation, an intelligent continuous bladder irrigation monitoring and control system was designed. The Amesim fluid simulation software was used to establish a parameterized simulation model for the bladder perfusion process and simulate the dynamic changes of bladder pressure and volume under different perfusion speeds to assess the sensitivity of the early warning of flushing anomalies.

Results:

The intelligent system consisted of 3 parts: the monitoring part (a flushing fluid inlet flow monitoring device, a flushing fluid outlet flow monitoring device, and a flushing fluid outlet color recognition sensor), the transition part (a control motherboard), and the regulation part (an alarm device, an electric control device for flushing fluid input speed, and a squeezing device for flushing waste fluid line). The data of the parameterized simulation model for the bladder perfusion process suggested that the sensitivity of the system was acceptable.

Conclusion:

The intelligent bladder irrigation system can automatically detect, report, and resolve signal abnormalities, thereby achieving the closed-loop management of bladder irrigation. The intelligent system might be used in clinical settings to reduce the burdens of nurses and promote patients’ recovery.
A model for cortical activity sequences
Authors: Lehr Andrew B. , Erzmann Finn , Michaelis Carlo , Nowak Julia , Gail Alexander , Kumar Arvind , Tetzlaff Christian
Published: February 2024

Networks of neurons in the brain, that act on a timescale of milliseconds, can intrinsically generate reliable sequential activity on slow behavioral timescales of seconds. A possible mechanism for intrinsic sequence generation based on theoretical evidence points to distance-dependent connectivity with correlated spatial asymmetries, establishing an anisotropic network connectivity. We show that networks with such correlated asymmetric connectivity as well as symmetric distance-dependent connectivity match experimental data of connectivity motifs as well as neuronal activity statistics from rat and monkey cortex. At the network level, however, only the correlated asymmetric connectivity pattern generates spatiotemporal activity sequences on behaviorally relevant timescales, while the symmetric connectivity results in transient but stationary spatial bumps of neural activity. Our results strongly support the role of correlated asymmetries in connectivity for the generation of sequential activity in neural networks.
A parabrachial hub for the prioritization of survival behavior
Authors: Goldstein Nitsan , Maes Amadeus , Allen Heather N. , Nelson Tyler S. , Kruger Kayla A. , Kindel Morgan , Smith Nicholas K. , Carty Jamie R.E. , Villari Rachael E. , Cho Ella , Marble Erin L. , Khanna Rajesh , Taylor Bradley K. , Kennedy Ann , Betley J. Nicholas
Published: February 2024

Long-term sustained pain in the absence of acute physical injury is a prominent feature of chronic pain conditions. While neurons responding to noxious stimuli have been identified, understanding the signals that persist without ongoing painful stimuli remains a challenge. Using an ethological approach based on the prioritization of adaptive survival behaviors, we determined that neuropeptide Y (NPY) signaling from multiple sources converges on parabrachial neurons expressing the NPY Y1 receptor to reduce sustained pain responses. Neural activity recordings and computational modeling demonstrate that activity in Y1R parabrachial neurons is elevated following injury, predicts functional coping behavior, and is inhibited by competing survival needs. Taken together, our findings suggest that parabrachial Y1 receptor-expressing neurons are a critical hub for endogenous analgesic pathways that suppress sustained pain states.
Executing marketing through a gender lens: a consumer purchase decision-making study in an emerging economy
Authors: Siraj Ahsan , Zhu Yongming , Taneja Shilpa , Ali Ehtisham , Guo Jiaxin , Chen Xihui
Published: February 2024

Purpose

With rapidly changing marketing landscape, nowadays, the formulation of various marketing strategies is increasingly focused on how consumers tend to make decisions. To meet the highly demanding consumer expectations, market segmentation can be used as an important marketing strategy. Due to gender marketing concept familiarity in the contemporary world, gender difference is one of the reference features in the process of market segmentation for marketers. This research is aimed to examine various determining factors that foster consumer purchase decision-making and the differences between consumers of different genders while making shopping and purchase decisions with special reference to an emerging economy, i.e. Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on a cross-sectional sample of 367 consumers, the study adapted Sproles and Kendall's (1986) Consumer Style Inventory (CSI) to scrutinize the decision-making of both genders in Pakistan. For data analysis, the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in addition to the structural equation modeling has been used.

Findings

The study emphasized that, with the exception of quality awareness, brand consciousness, fashion consciousness, option overload and price consciousness greatly affect buying decisions. In addition, when it comes to consumer purchase decision-making, significant gender variations were discovered for both fashion consciousness and price consciousness.

Originality/value

Drawing upon the distinctive cultural characteristics of Pakistan and its people, in-depth research was conducted on purchasing behaviors of Pakistani consumers and the decision-making characteristics of customers of different genders were summarized. The outcomes are expected to make a significant contribution to the field of gender marketing by organizations.
A BIM-integrated multi objective optimization model for sustainable building construction management
Authors: N. Hemanth Kumar , Padala S.P. Sreenivas
Published: February 2024

Purpose

The construction industry is tasked with creating sustainable, efficient and cost-effective buildings. This study aims to develop a building information modeling (BIM)-based multiobjective optimization (MOO) model integrating the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm III (NSGA-III) to enhance sustainability. The goal is to reduce embodied energy and cost in the design process.

Design/methodology/approach

Through a case study research method, this study uses BIM, NSGA-III and real-world data in five phases: literature review, identification of factors, BIM model development, MOO model creation and validation in the architecture, engineering and construction sectors.

Findings

The innovative BIM-based MOO model optimizes embodied energy and cost to achieve sustainable construction. A commercial building case study validation showed a reduction of 30% in embodied energy and 21% in cost. This study validates the model’s effectiveness in integrating sustainability goals, enhancing decision-making, collaboration, efficiency and providing superior assessment.

Practical implications

This model delivers a unified approach to sustainable design, cutting carbon footprint and strengthening the industry’s ability to attain sustainable solutions. It holds potential for broader application and future integration of social and economic factors.

Originality/value

The research presents a novel BIM-based MOO model, uniquely focusing on sustainable construction with embodied energy and cost considerations. This holistic and innovative framework extends existing methodologies applicable to various buildings and paves the way for additional research in this area.
An institutional perspective on the shifts in banking and capitalist ideology: sustainability, social and environmental insights
Authors: Saeudy Mohamed , Hussainey Khaled
Published: February 2024

Purpose

This paper investigates the development of moralised business ideologies (MBIs) amongst sustainable banks as they navigate social and environmental business prospects.

Design/methodology/approach

Empirical evidence is drawn from top-management-level interviews with 16 UK-based small and medium-sized banks that specialise in financing social and environmental projects.

Findings

MBIs have emerged in the literature review and empirical data analysis as a new concept taken on by sustainable banks with roots closer to sustainability such as ethical practices, moralised values, sustainable business models and ecological standards. The results confirm that MBIs help banking institutions create a more sustained positive impact in terms of social and environmental business opportunities.

Originality/value

This paper offers novel evidence on the intersection between banking and MBIs, with a focus on social, sustainability and environmental considerations.