bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning QM/MM Potential using Equivariant Multiscale Model
Authors: Lei Yao-Kun , Yagi Kiyoshi , Sugita Yuji
Published: February 2024

The machine learning (ML) method emerges as an efficient and precise surrogate model for high-level electronic structure theory. Its application has been limited to closed chemical systems without considering external potentials from the surrounding environments. To address this limitation and incorporate the influence of external potentials, polarization effects, and long-range interactions between a chemical system and its environment, the first two terms of the Taylor expansion of an electrostatic operator have been used as extra input to the existing ML model to represent the electrostatic environments. However, high-order electrostatic interaction is often essential to account for external potentials from the environment. The existing models based only on the invariant features cannot capture significant distribution patterns of the external potentials. Here, we propose a novel ML model that includes high-order terms of the Taylor expansion of an electrostatic operator and uses an equivariant model, which can generate high-order tensors covariant with rotations as a base model. Thus, we can use the multipole-expansion equation to derive a useful representation by accounting for the polarization and intermolecular interaction. Moreover, to deal with long-range interactions, we follow the same strategy adopted to derive long-range interaction between a target system and its environment media. Our model achieves higher prediction accuracy and transferability among various environment media with these modifications.
Modeling the initiation phase of the catalytic cycle in the glycyl-radical enzyme benzylsuccinate synthase
Authors: Szaleniec Maciej , Oleksy Gabriela , Sekuła Anna , Aleksić Ivana , Pietras Rafał , Sarewicz Marcin , Krӓmer Kai , Pierik Antonio J. , Heider Johann
Published: February 2024

The reaction of benzylsuccinate synthase, the radical-based addition of toluene to a fumarate cosubstrate, is initiated by hydrogen-transfer from a conserved cysteine to the nearby glycyl radical in the active center of the enzyme. In this study we analyze this step by comprehensive computer modeling, predicting (i) the influence of bound substrates or products, (ii) the energy profiles of forward- and backward hydrogen-transfer reactions, (iii) their kinetic constants and potential mechanisms, (iv) enantiospecificity differences and (v) kinetic isotope effects. Moreover, we support several of the computational predictions experimentally, providing evidence for the predicted H/D-exchange reactions into the product and at the glycyl radical site. Our data indicate that the hydrogen transfer reactions between the active site glycyl and cysteine are principally reversible, but their rates differ strongly dependent on their stereochemical orientation, transfer of protium or deuterium, and the presence or absence of substrates or products in the active site. This is particularly evident for the isotope exchange of the remaining protium atom of the glycyl radical to deuterium, which appears dependent on substrate or product binding, explaining why it is observed in some, but not all glycyl-radical enzymes.
Catalyst-free photochemical fluorination of C-H bonds of aromatic carbonyl compounds
Authors: Chernovskii Nikita , Zaikin Pavel
Published: February 2024

A wide range of organic molecules can participate in hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) processes as both HAT-donors and photo-HAT-acceptors simultaneously. Therefore, it opens the possibilities to exclude catalysts for C-H functionalization in such cases. This is the underlying idea of the presented catalyst-free C-H bond fluorination approach. We demonstrated that broad range of aryl alkyl ketones can be efficiently fluorinated with Selectfluor-based reagents at benzylic position under UV-A irradiation without any added catalyst. The selectivity of mono- and difluorination can be controlled by con-trolling the excess of fluorinating reagent. Additionally, we propose an analogue of Selectfluor reagent - F-TEDA-TFSI with much greater solubility in acetonitrile which makes our protocol solvent-economical. By the same manner benzaldehydes can be transformed to corresponding benzoyl fluorides with almost quantitative yields. The protocol was successfully applied in late-stage fluorination of complex molecules Tonalide and Tolperisone. Kinetic measurements demonstrated zero-order kinetics which indicates that light flux is the limiting factor. A tentative mechanism was proposed based on the selectivity of fluorination of primary, secondary, and tertiary benzylic C-H bonds.
Machine learning in materials research: developments over the last decade and challenges for the future
Authors: Jain Anubhav
Published: February 2024

The number of studies that apply machine learning (ML) to materials science has been growing at a rate of approximately 1.67 times per year over the past decade. In this review, I examine this growth in various contexts. First, I present an analysis of the most commonly used tools (software, databases, materials science methods, and ML methods) used within papers that apply ML to materials science. The analysis demonstrates that despite the growth of deep learning techniques, the use of classical machine learning is still dominant as a whole. It also demonstrates how new research can effectively build upon past research, particular in the domain of ML models trained on density functional theory calculation data. Next, I present the progression of best scores as a function of time on the matbench materials science benchmark for formation enthalpy prediction. In particular, a dramatic improvement of 7 times reduction in error is obtained when progressing from feature-based methods that use conventional ML (random forest, support vector regression, etc.) to the use of graph neural network techniques. Finally, I provide views on future challenges and opportunities, focusing on data size and complexity, extrapolation, interpretation, access, and relevance.
EFFECT OF GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF SEED OF BJRI TOSSA PAT-8
Authors: Alam Sarker Mohammad Saiful , Islam Ariful , Moniruzzaman Md. , Hossain Sarker Muhammad Delwar , Tareq Md. Zablul
Published: February 2024

The experiment was conducted in two locations, namely Manikganj and Noakhali to evaluate the effect of geographic position on the performance of seed yield and yield contributing characters of BJRI Tossa Pat-8. The result of data analysis revealed that the seed yield of BJRI Tossa Pat-8 in Manikganj (7.30g) was higher than the yield of Noakhali (5.63g). On the basis of morphology such as plant height, top diameter, base diameter, capsule length, number of seeds/pod, number of pods/plant & number of branches/plant, superior performance of Manikganj was observed to Noakhali. It was worth noticing that germination percentage of seeds of Manikganj (95%) was overwhelmingly higher than the seeds of Noakhali (84%). Geographic position also exerts significant effect on seed emergence and 1000 seed weight. Seeds harvested from Manikganj witnessed 90% of field emergence in contrast to only 72% in Noakhali. Similarly, a significant difference in 1000 seed weight was observed, 1000-seed weight of the seeds of Manikganj and Noakhali were 2.098g and 1.892g respectively.
POSSIBLE SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN NEPAL: A REVIEW
Authors: Regmi Susma , Neupane Suprina
Published: February 2024

Nepal, a predominantly agricultural nation, is highly reliant on agriculture for its economic growth and the livelihoods of its people. However, conventional farming methods have posed significant challenges, including soil degradation, water scarcity, and biodiversity loss. In recent years, there has been an increasing emphasis on adopting sustainable agricultural practices to mitigate these issues and promote long-term food security and environmental conservation. This review paper aims to explore and assess various sustainable agricultural practices that hold promise for Nepal’s agriculture sector. The paper analyzes the feasibility, benefits, and challenges associated with each practice, highlighting their potential for transforming the agricultural landscape in Nepal.
Livestock breeding development in Siberia
Authors: Mager S. N. , Soloshenko V. A.
Published: February 2024

The establishment of the Siberian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry was in the 1930s, a time when the whole country, having survived collectivization and famine, was beginning to form a cultural animal husbandry with livestock productivity capable of providing the population of the region with milk and meat. The vast extent of the territories and the diversity of climatic conditions required animals capable of adapting to the cold long winters and hot short summers to which the cultivated European breeds were not adapted. In this regard, Siberian scientists faced the task of creating new types of dairy and meat specialized cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, combining high productivity and survivability in extreme conditions. If high genetically determined productivity was achieved by combining local improved cattle with European pedigree cattle, it was impossible to surpass the best imported breeds or at least maintain their level due to the inconsistency of natural and climatic conditions and incomparable feeding and housing conditions. It is necessary to create new breakthrough technologies in fodder production and animal housing with more energy-consuming elements, which will make the livestock products produced in Siberia competitive in comparison with the southern regions of Russia, not to mention Germany, France, USA, Australia. For this purpose, it is advisable to combine the efforts of fundamental and applied sciences in the development of breakthrough technologies for obtaining elite delicacy products demanded abroad. There is a need for economic mechanisms to facilitate this process, which in return will bring development and repopulation of remote and underdeveloped territories.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media PhET Simulation Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pada Materi Usaha dan Energi
Authors: Maharani Nanda Nabila , Hikmawati Hikmawati , Susilawati Susilawati , Gunada I Wayan
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji model problem based learning berbantuan media PhET simulation terhadap hasil belajar pada materi usaha dan energi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain nonequivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas X SMAN 4 Mataram yang berjumlah 272 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, sehingga diperoleh peserta didik X.8 yang berjumlah 31 orang sebagai kelas eksperimen menggunakan model problem based learning berbantuan media PhET simulation dan peserta didik X.2 yang berjumlah 28 orang sebagai kelas kontrol menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk penilaian pada ranah kognitif berupa tes soal pilihan ganda yang mengacu pada revisi taksonomi Bloom yang terdiri dari level C1 sampai dengan C6 sebanyak 20 butir soal setelah diuji validitas, reliabilitas, daya beda, dan taraf kesukaran soal, dan untuk penilaian pada ranah afektif dan psikomotor berupa lembar observasi. Data hasil belajar ranah kognitif dianalisis menggunakan statistik parametrik yaitu uji hipotesis t-test polled varians dengan taraf signifikan 5% dan dianalisis menggunakan uji N-Gain. Diperoleh dari hasil analisis uji hipotesis, sebesar 3,86 dan  sebesar 2,00 dan dari hasil uji N-Gain, nilai rata-rata N-Gain pada kelas eksperimen dan kontrol sebesar 0,59 dan 0,40 dengan kriteria peningkatan sedang. Sesuai dengan kriteria uji hipotesis, jika lebih besar dari , maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model problem based learning berbantuan media PhET simulation berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi usaha dan energi.
USE OF DEEP LEARNING FOR ANALYSIS IN MICROSCOPIC IMAGES OF SOLANUM
Authors: Migliari Sara Lopes , SANCHES DANILO SIPOLI , Sanches Silvio Ricardo Rodrigues , Oliveira Admilton Gonçalves de , Resende Juliano Tadeu Vilela de
Published: February 2024

Taking into consideration the rapid advances that occur in science, the search for alternatives to improve existing deep learning tools is a constant nowadays. It is observed in several areas of knowl
O estado do Acre como corredor humanitário e suas políticas migratórias
Authors: Castela Larissa De , Morais Maria de Jesus
Published: February 2024

O Estado do Acre (AC), localizado na região norte do Brasil, recebe constantes números de estrangeiros que entram no país por suas fronteiras. O fluxo de entrada e saída frequente, pelo território acr
LOCALIZAÇÃO DE RESTOS HUMANOS POR UM CÃO DE DETECÇÃO FORENSE NO AUXÍLIO AO TRABALHO POLICIAL EM INVESTIGAÇÃO CRIMINAL DE HOMICÍDIO
Authors: RODRIGUES TIAGO CABRAL
Published: February 2024

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o trabalho realizado por equipe de profissionais da cinotecnia (ciência que estuda os cães), no auxílio ao trabalho policial em uma investigação de homicídio na localização de restos humanos de uma vítima que havia sido morta no ano de 2018 e o caso só veio à tona no ano de 2023, ou seja, 5 (cinco) anos após o corpo da vítima ter sido enterrada. O presente artigo tem também o objetivo de fomentar o uso dos cães de detecção forense no auxílio ao trabalho de investigação criminal, uma vez que o uso de um cão treinado por profissionais especialistas tem se tornado de grande eficiência e tem trazido agilidade e celeridade no processo investigativo no desvendamento de crimes. Palavras-chave: Cinotecnia
Investigação Policial, Detecção Forense
An analysis of classification skills of the 6th grade students on fractions
Authors: Korkmaz Guler Nezihe , Tarim Kamuran
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine how the categorization skills of the 6th grade students in fractions are distributed and to determine the classification errors made by the students, along with the procedural errors of the students in fractions. The descriptive survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the study. In this study, 292 6th grade students from four middle schools in two districts of a province in Turkey participated. Developed by the researcher, the fraction operation skill test and classification skills identification test were used. The results showed that students had difficulty in distinguishing examples and characteristics of fractions and fraction types, and even though they partially succeeded in operations, they made procedural errors. The researchers recommend combining procedural knowledge with conceptual knowledge and explaining the basic characteristics of the concept by comparing examples with non-examples.
Review of AI and machine learning applications to predict and Thwart cyber-attacks in real-time
Authors: Olakunle Abayomi Ajala  , Chinwe Chinazo Okoye  , Onyeka Chrisanctus Ofodile  , Chuka Anthony Arinze  , Obinna Donald Daraojimba
Published: February 2024

The contemporary cybersecurity landscape demands innovative solutions to combat the relentless evolution of cyber threats. Traditional approaches are facing unprecedented challenges, compelling a paradigm shift towards the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). This paper meticulously explores the potential of AI and ML to fortify real-time cybersecurity, with a focus on the swift prediction and mitigation of cyber-attacks. Against the backdrop of an escalating threat landscape, this paper propels the inquiry into advanced technologies to fortify cybersecurity. The limitations of traditional methodologies underscore the urgency of investigating the efficacy of AI and ML in reinforcing defense mechanisms. This paper endeavors to comprehensively investigate the role of AI and ML in real-time cybersecurity. It places a distinct emphasis on their potential to predict and thwart cyber-attacks promptly. The exploration encompasses diverse dimensions, ranging from the intricacies of model complexity to crucial considerations in security, ethics, and emerging trends. Structured around a robust framework, the exploration encompasses comprehensive research directions. These include the imperative to enhance explainability, address vulnerabilities to adversarial attacks, foster collaboration between humans and AI, and develop quantum-resistant cryptographic solutions. The paper navigates through the intricate technical, organizational, and ethical dimensions inherent in the implementation of AI and ML in real-time cybersecurity. The findings of this exploration illuminate both the promises and challenges associated with the integration of AI and ML in cybersecurity. Ethical considerations, vulnerabilities to adversarial attacks, and the exigency for quantum-resistant cryptography emerge as critical areas necessitating nuanced attention and exploration. This paper envisions a future where the fusion of human expertise with the capabilities of AI and ML results in the creation of resilient and adaptive cybersecurity ecosystems. The delineated research directions serve not only as a comprehensive roadmap for ongoing innovation but also as a foundational guide to effectively integrate AI and ML in safeguarding our digital realm against the ever-evolving landscape of cyber threats.
Exploring and reviewing the potential of quantum computing in enhancing cybersecurity encryption methods
Authors: Olakunle Abayomi Ajala  , Chuka Anthony Arinze  , Onyeka Chrisanctus Ofodile  , Chinwe Chinazo Okoye  , Andrew Ifesinachi Daraojimba
Published: February 2024

As the landscape of cybersecurity continually evolves, traditional encryption methods face unprecedented challenges from the impending era of quantum computing. This paper undertakes a comprehensive exploration of the potential transformative impact that quantum computing could have on enhancing cybersecurity encryption methods. Commencing with an overview of quantum computing fundamentals, including the principles of quantum mechanics and key quantum properties, the paper delves into the disruptive power of Shor's algorithm. This algorithm, capable of exponentially faster factorization than classical counterparts, poses a significant threat to prevalent cryptographic techniques such as RSA and ECC. In response to the vulnerabilities exposed by quantum algorithms, the paper investigates the field of post-quantum cryptography, examining cryptographic algorithms designed to resist quantum attacks. Additionally, the study scrutinizes Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) as a potential solution for secure communication in a quantum environment, analyzing its strengths and limitations. The paper provides an updated survey of the current state of quantum computing, highlighting achievements, milestones, and a comparative analysis of existing quantum computing platforms. Subsequently, it assesses the potential impact of quantum computing on cybersecurity, addressing both its ability to fortify encryption and potential risks and vulnerabilities. Striking a balance between benefits and challenges, the research offers insights into the coexistence of quantum and classical cryptographic methods. Looking toward the future, the paper explores ongoing research and development in quantum computing, identifying challenges and ethical considerations. In conclusion, it synthesizes key findings, emphasizing the implications for the future of cybersecurity and advocating for continued research to ensure the development of resilient encryption methods in the quantum era.
Young generations perceptions of the farmers profession after the conversion of agricultural land into coal mining in Gunung Raja Village, Empat Petulai Dangku District, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Dodi Priandi  , Sriati
Published: February 2024

The present study aims to investigate two key areas of research: (1) the perception of farming among younger generations following the conversion of agricultural land to coal mining land, and (2) the factors that influence this perception. This research was conducted in Gunung Raja Village, Empat Petulai Dangku District, Muara Enim Regency, using a survey method. Sampling was carried out using a simple random sampling technique from the younger generation aged 16 to 30 years, with as many as 560 children of farmers and 402 children of non-farmers, resulting in a sample of 50 people consisting of 25 people each, children of farmers and non-children of farmers. Data were analyzed descriptively using the chi square test and contingency correlation test. The research results show that the younger generation's perception of the farming profession after the conversion of agricultural land to coal mining in Gunung Raja Village is in the medium category, with an index of 68.37%. The factors that influence the perception of the younger generation are internal factors, namely gender and education level, with a weak contingency correlation, and external factors, namely the area of land owned by families and non-agricultural employment opportunities, with a moderate contingency correlation. Based on these results, it can be seen that the presence of coal mining companies does not make the perception of the younger generation towards the farmer profession low.
Knowledge of public health nurses on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Riyadh City: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Salihah Ali Al Sharif  , Zahra ahmed alosimi  , Ebtehal Faraj Ali Majrashi  , Shouq Mohmmad Alkhalifah  , Fatma Salem Alfageer  , Medel O. Cabalsa
Published: February 2024

Introduction: One of the common causes of maternal mortality is the medical disorder in pregnancy known as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Since hypertension complicates an estimated 10 percent on all pregnancies, the healthcare professionals’ role is of major public health concern. The knowledge on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) among public health nurses is an important part of serving the community to address the complication. The primary aim was to assess the level of knowledge of the public health nurses on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used to assess the knowledge of nurses working in primary healthcare level regarding HDPs. The purposive sampling was utilized in selecting 280 registered nurses working in primary health centers. The sample was taken using Slovin’s formula with 5% margin of error. The data were analyzed with Spearman rho using SPSS version 23. Significance was determined at 5% level (P-value ≤0.05). Results: The public health nurses were highly knowledgeable (3.29) in the definition of hypertension in pregnancy as well as in appropriate patient positioning for current readings of blood pressure (3.37). Despite the level of knowledge, determining the clinical manifestation of severe pre-eclampsia got the lowest mean (2.59). Conclusion: The nurses working in primary health center have adequate knowledge about hypertensive disorders of pregnancy including assessing, diagnosis and management while need additional knowledge on identifying the clinical manifestation of severe pre-eclampsia.
Neurobiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A brief review
Authors: Marcos Altable  , Emilio Díaz-Moreno  , Muhammad Akram
Published: February 2024

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common condition associated with long-lasting psychosocial functioning difficulties and high psychiatric morbidity. ADHD is a heterogeneous syndrome in its clinical presentation and probably in its aetiology. Nevertheless, it can be understood as a spectrum of multifactorial cognitive, emotional, and behavioural dysfunctions under the influence of genetic and environmental factors, mainly perinatal. For several decades, the dopaminergic dysfunction hypothesis has been one of the possible pathways in the origin of ADHD. Still, other neurotransmission systems also appear to play a role, as evidenced by the recent therapeutic development of noradrenergic agonists in this indication.
IMPLEMENTATION OF E-GOVERNMENT IN PUBLIC SERVICES: A CASE STUDY ON THE DEPARTMENT OF POPULATION AND CIVIL REGISTRATION OF BONE DISTRICT
Authors: Sakir Ahmad Rosandi , Almahdali Humairah , Amaliah Yusriah
Published: February 2024

E-Government (Electronic Government) merujuk pada inisiatif untuk mengembangkan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi elektronik. Konsep ini melibatkan restrukturisasi sistem manajemen dan proses kerja di lingkungan pemerintah, dengan mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. E-Government tidak hanya sekadar menggunakan teknologi untuk memodernisasi pemerintahan, tetapi juga sebagai strategi untuk mencapai efisiensi dan efektivitas biaya. Selain itu, tujuannya adalah memberikan kemudahan dalam fasilitas layanan pemerintah dan memberikan akses informasi kepada masyarakat umum. Salah satu kabupaten di Indonesia yang menerapkan e-Government, terletak di Sulawesi Selatan, yaitu Kabupaten Bone. Dalam kerangka penerapan e-Government di Kabupaten Bone, salah satu instansi pemerintah yang mengadopsinya adalah Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencacatan Sipil Kabupaten Bone. Legalitas dari sistem ini telah ditegaskan melalui Peraturan Daerah (Perda) Kabupaten Bone No. 3 Tahun 2017 yang membahas Penyelenggaraan Administrasi Kependudukan. Program e-Government yang diimplementasikan di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencacatan Sipil Kabupaten Bone dikenal dengan sebutan SIAK (Sistem Informasi Administrasi Kependudukan). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fenomena atau peristiwa yang nyata. Jenis penelitian yang diterapkan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan metode "studi kasus". Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan gambaran atau deskripsi rinci tentang sifat, karakter, dan latar belakang suatu penelitian. hasil penelitian dan pembahasan di atas mengenai implementasi E-Government dalam Pelayanan Publik pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kabupaten Bone, terdapat tiga elemen sukses yang dapat disimpulkan. Pertama elemen support, Kedua Element Capacity, dan yang Ketiga Element Value.
Determinan Hasil Produksi Kelapa di Desa Nglebeng Kecamatan Panggul Kabupaten Trenggalek
Authors: Sutiknjo Tutut Dwi , Andajani Wiwiek , Rosaning Trisna Natasya Puspa , Pamujiati Agustia Dwi
Published: February 2024

Coconut is an important plantation crop in Indonesia. Panggul District Trenggalek Regency was one of the coconut production centers in East Java. Coconut became an excellent product in this district, and hence it was the potential to be developed. Nevertheless, research about production determinants and revenue of coconut farmers has not been done yet. This research aimed to determine the factors that influence coconut production and the revenue of coconut farmers. The research was conducted in Nglebeng Village, Panggul District, Trenggalek Regency, with 30 randomly selected coconut farmers as respondents. Data was collected using observation, interviews, and distributing questionnaires. The data analysis method used descriptive analysis to determine the characteristics of the respondents, the factors that affect coconut productivity using multiple regression analysis, and income analysis to determine the income of coconut farmers. The results showed that most coconut farmers in Nglebeng Village were 61â€“70 years old with an elementary education level and had been doing coconut farming for 30â€“50 years with a land area of 0.01â€“0.05 ha. From the calculation results, it can be seen that the factors that significantly affect coconut production were the population of coconut trees and the amount of inorganic fertilizer used. In contrast, the income of coconut farmers in Nglebeng Village was IDR19,113,337 per year.Â Kelapa merupakan komoditas penting pada sector perkebunan yang memegang peranan cukup sentral. Kecamatan Panggul Kabupaten Trenggalek adalah salah satu sentra produksi kelapa di Jawa Timur. Kelapa menjadi produk unggulan di kecamatan tersebut sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan, namun belum dilakukan penelitian terkait daterminan produksi dan pendapatan petani kelapa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni Faktor Determinan produksi kelapa serta pendapatan petani kelapa. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Nglebeng Kecamatan Panggul Kabupaten Trenggalek dengan jumlah responden 30 petani kelapa yang dipilih secara acak. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara observasi, interview, dan penyebaran kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif guna mengetahui lebih dalam karakteristik pada setiap responden, sedangkan analisis regresi berganda digunakan untuk mengetahui Faktor Determinan produksi kelapa, dan analisis pendapatan untuk mengetahui pendapatan petani kelapa. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan petani kelapa di Desa Nglebeng mayoritas berumur 61â€“70 tahun dengan tingkat pendidikan SD dan melakukan usahatani kelapa selama 30â€“50 tahun dengan luas lahan 0,01â€“0,05 ha. Dari hasil perhitungan dapat diketahui bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi kelapa yaitu populasi pohon kelapa dan jumlah pupuk anorganik yang digunakan sedangkan pendapatan petani kelapa di Desa Nglebeng sebesar Rp19.113.337 per tahun.
The Effect of Planting Time and Plant Density on Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) on Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cv. Inpari 30
Authors: Diyoprakuso First , Suryanto Agus , Soelistyono Roedy
Published: February 2024

The right planting time and plant density in rice cultivation in the rainy season affect the generative phase, where absorption of solar radiation intensity more efficiently increases productivity. This study aims to improve the absorption of energy efficiency of solar conversion with differences in planting time and planting density. The experiment was carried out from January to June 2019 in the experimental garden of Brawijaya University, Malang City, East Java. The research design used is a nested design with three replication. The main factor is planting time which consists of 3 levels, namely: January (B1); February (B2); March (B3). The nested factor is plant density which consists of 3 levels, namely: 111.111 plant ha-1 (T1); 166.667 plant ha-1 (T2); 226,667 plant ha-1 (T3). Data analysis used variance (ANOVA). If the results are significantly different, then the honest significant difference test (HSD) is continued at the 5% level. The results showed the differences in total leaf area index, plant dry weight, panicle weight every clump, grain weight every clump, grain weight every harvest plot, yield per hectare, and radiation use efficiency (RUE). The planting time in March has a higher RUE value than the planting time in January or February. The yield per hectare shows the planting time in March is higher than the planting time in January or February planting time. Plant density of 30x30 cm shows yields per hectare higher than planting density of 30x20 cm and planting density of 40x20x12.5 cm.Â
Any Correlation between Agricultural Extension with Participation Farmer Groups in Guava Farming?
Authors: Roni Roni , Sundari Ristina Siti , Umbara Dona Setia
Published: February 2024

Guava is a rapidly growing commodity. The management of guava farming carried out by the Sari Tani Mandiri farmer group could have been more optimal. Therefore, it has yet to be able to meet the demand for guava. This study intends to examine the correlation between the role of agricultural extension workers and the participation of members of farmer groups in guava farming management. The survey used a qualitative research approach conducted by interview, observation, and documentation. The Non-Probability Sampling technique determines the sample with a saturated sample type. It was then analyzed using Rank Spearman. The results showed a uni-directional and significant relationship with a moderate correlation between the role of agricultural extension workers and the participation of farmer groups in guava farming management. The research showed that the higher the part of agricultural extension workers, the higher the involvement of farmer group members in guava farming management.
Rencana Tata Tanam Kelompok Tani Sumber Rejeki Kecamatan Durenan Kabupaten Trenggalek
Authors: Susanto Didik , Nareswari Aptika Hana Prastiwi , Ristiyawati Asca , Rahardjo Tjatur Prijo
Published: February 2024

Community service in the farming environment is a concept that describes the active efforts of agricultural instructors and educators in making positive contributions to farming communities. This activity was carried out in the working area of the Sumber Rejeki Farmers Group, Durenan District, Trenggalek Regency, East Java. Target farmers will receive knowledge and implement best practices to increase agricultural productivity sustainably. The aim of preparing planting arrangements is to help with more efficient and sustainable agricultural planning by considering natural cycles and the characteristics of the plants to be cultivated. The planting plan was designed based on climate factors, temperature, rainfall and duration of sunlight. Plant characteristics were also an essential consideration in determining planting plans. Planting planning is an essential tool in modern agriculture because it will facilitate agricultural actors to plan and manage agriculture more effectively, increase productivity and maintain environmental sustainability. Integration between educators, agricultural extension workers and farmer groups provides tangible benefits for overcoming food problems and building solid foundations for sustainable agriculture. It also appreciates farmers' important role in maintaining communities' resilience and well-being.
Pengabdian masyarakat di lingkungan petani merupakan konsep yang menggambarkan upaya aktif penyuluh pertanian dan tenaga pendidik dalam memberikan kontribusi positif kepada masyarakat tani. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di wilayah kerja Kelompok Tani Sumber Rejeki, Kecamatan Durenan, Kabupaten Trenggalek, Jawa Timur. Petani sebagai sasaran akan menerima pengetahuan dan melakukan praktik terbaik untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian secara berkelanjutan. Penyusunan tata tanam bertujuan untuk membantu perencanaan pertanian yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan dengan memperhitungkan siklus alam dan karakteristik tanaman yang akan dibudidayakan. Rencana tata tanam dirancang berdasarkan faktor iklim, suhu, curah hujan, dan durasi sinar matahari. Karakteristik tanaman juga menjadi pertimbangan penting dalam menentukan rencana tata tanam. Rencana tata tanam adalah alat yang sangat penting dalam pertanian modern karena akan memfasilitasi pelaku pertanian untuk merencanakan dan mengelola pertanian lebih efektif, meningkatkan produktivitas, dan menjaga keberlanjutan lingkungan. Integrasi antara tenaga pendidik, penyuluh pertanian, dan kelompok tani memberikan manfaat nyata untuk mengatasi masalah pangan serta membangun fondasi kuat untuk pertanian berkelanjutan. Hal ini juga menghargai peran penting yang dimainkan oleh petani dalam menjaga ketahanan dan kesejahteraan komunitas.
The Effect of Different Drying Temperatures Using a Tray Dryer on the Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.)
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati , Tanggasari Devi
Published: February 2024

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is a potential vegetable crop that has high economic value and has the potential to continue to be developed, but cayenne pepper is a type of fruit that is easily damaged, therefore proper post-harvest handling is needed, one of which is drying. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different drying temperatures on physical analysis (weight loss) and chemical analysis (moisture content, vitamin C and capsaicin content). The dryer used in this study was a tray dryer. The experimental design used was a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments. The temperatures used in this study were 40, 50, and 55°C. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the best decrease in weight loss in drying cayenne pepper was at 55°C with a decrease in weight loss of 62.67%. The best decrease in water content for drying cayenne pepper was at 55°C with a total moisture content of 50.3%. The best vitamin C content was found at 45°C, which was 0.65%, and the best capsaicin content for drying cayenne pepper was found at 45°C, which was 244.4702 ppm with an SHU level of 730.776.
The Role of Time Management on Behavior and Perception with Qualitative Descriptive
Authors: Pertiwi Suci , Marpaung Sophya Hadini , Joosten Joosten
Published: February 2024

Problems that occur at Mikroskil University student organizations include obstacles from the administrative side, such as delays in submitting proposals and reporting activities which result in delays/especially delays in the funding process, to issues of morality and management of each studentorganization as well as time management itself. This research aims to determine and analyze the condition of Mikroskil University student organizations in running student organizations so that studentperceptions and behavior can be known, and this is the novelty of this research. This research used aqualitative descriptive survey method with a purposive sampling technique involving core administrators and active members of divisions within Mikroskil University as samples. The results of the partialtest (t-test) show that the time management variable has a positive effect on student behavior and perceptions at the Mikroskil University Student Organization. The Adjusted R2value of the time managementvariable on student behavior was obtained at 44.8%, while the time management variable on behaviortowards student perceptions was 32.8% and the remaining 55.2% and 67.2% were influenced by othervariables not examined in this research. The research results show that time management partially hasa positive and significant effect on behavior and perceptions
САМОВОСПЛАМЕНЕНИЕ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ НИТРОЭФИРЫ: СРАВНЕНИЕ РАСЧЕТНЫХИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ ДАННЫХ
Authors:   Федеральный центр двойных технологий «Союз», МИЛЁХИН Ю.М. , КОПТЕЛОВ А.А. ,   Федеральный центр двойных технологий «Союз», АСТАХОВА Л.К. ,   Федеральный центр двойных технологий «Союз», РОГОЗИНА А.А. ,   Федеральный центр двойных технологий «Союз»
Published: February 2024

Расчетным путем определены температуры окружающей среды (термостата) T S, приводящие к самовоспламенению образцов ракетного топлива типа NEPE в форме цилиндров диаметром и высотой от 20 до 150 мм при периодах задержки теплового взрыва τ , соответствующих экспериментальным(HIACT, Китай). В экспериментах температуры T S составляли 90, 100, 110 и 120 ◦С. Необходимые для расчета кинетические параметры были ранее определены авторами методом дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии (ДСК) для близкого по составу модельного энергетического композиционного материала (ЭКМ), содержащего смесь нитроэфиров, одним из компонентов которой является нитроглицерин. Показано, что одной из основных причин различий между расчетными и экспериментальными температурами T S при одинаковых значениях τ может являться миграция активных продуктов разложения из образцов топлива в окружающую среду. Приведен качественный анализ процесса миграции.
NAVIGATING TURBULENT WATERS: EVALUATING THE CRISIS MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES OF TRAVEL AGENCIES IN MPUMALANGA
Authors:   Department of Tourism Management, Tshwane University of Technology, Faculty of Management Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa, MBUYANE Sbusiso , SIFOLO Portia Pearl Siyanda ,   Department of Tourism Management, Tshwane University of Technology, Faculty of Management Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa, NAUDE POTGIETER Rosa Anne ,   Department of Tourism Management, Tshwane University of Technology, Faculty of Management Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic decreased tourism-related business by 49.2%, hence, travel agencies needed to develop crisis management strategies to remain operational post-crisis events. The aim of this study is to evaluate crisis management strategies adopted by travel agencies during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Mpumalanga province, South Africa. A quantitative study was conducted by using Survey Monkey, which was distributed to 121 respondents who are working for travel agencies. The results revealed that 41% of travel agencies constantly monitor any signs and problems that may provide insights into any crisis, and 31% indicated that sharing of crisis management information with workers is essential. About 53% prioritise tourists and staff members, by allowing staff to work remotely and tourists to postpone their bookings without penalties. Only 51% of travel agencies indicated the importance of effective coordination with government institutions in the province of Mpumalanga. The travel and tourism sector should consider the significance of “evaluation” to increase effectiveness of the crisis management process. Future studies need to incorporate the 5IR on human interaction for business during the crisis management process.
FACTORS AFFECTING SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION LIVELIHOODS IN RURAL AREAS IN THE MEKONG DELTA, VIETNAM
Authors:   Vinh University, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Politics and Journalism, Nghe An Province, Vietnam, LE Vu Thi Phuong , TUAN Phan Van ,   Vinh University, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Politics and Journalism, Nghe An Province, Vietnam, HAI Nguyen Chi ,   An Giang University, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, An Giang Province, Vietnam; Vinh University, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam
Published: February 2024

Sustainable poverty reduction livelihoods in rural areas is a comprehensive process to solve current problems and build sustainability for the future. Sustainable Poverty Reduction Livelihoods in Rural Areas aims at solutions to reduce poverty and ensure complete and sustainable development of rural communities. The research seeks to discover factors affecting sustainable poverty reduction livelihoods in rural areas. Research data was collected in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. In the survey with the questionnaire, 750 people responded directly to the questionnaire. SPSS 20 and AMOS 24 software are used to analyze data. The data collection process takes place from August to October 2023. Implementation methods include data descriptive statistics, testing scales, analyzing factors' suitability, and testing research structure. The research results show that six factors affect sustainable livelihoods and poverty reduction in rural areas in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, including local government policies, infrastructure, education and training, labour market, community involvement, and finance and banking services. From the study's findings, several contents are discussed and suggested to help understand the relationship between factors affecting sustainable poverty reduction livelihoods in rural areas.
Jurisprudence: The Study of the Rule of Law in a Republic
Authors: Samraj Tennyson
Published: February 2024

When we understand the ontological, political and legal underpinnings associated with the concept of freedom, liberty and rights, we understand the relationship between rights and laws. Rights can be understood as liberties or as laws. Liberties can be understood as de facto rights or as de jure rights. It is de jure rights that are recognized as laws that provide the basis for the rule of law. It is the rule of law that provides the basis for equal rights and equal justice in an ideal republic. Rights, laws and the rule of law are distinct. Rights are self-evident truths. Laws are imperatives backed by sanctions (John Austin). The rule of law is a principle that purports that the recognition de facto and de jure rights provide the basis for political, social and economic justice. People live by the rights recognized by law. As such, the rule of law advocates two fundamental underpinnings in a republic: (1) the recognition of rights as the basis for equal rights and equal justice, and (2) the recognition of law as the basis for governance. (H.L.A. Hart). However, since the recognition of law is the recognition of rights, the recognition of rights precedes the governance by law principle. What is fundamental to the rule of law is that it recognizes rights, legitimizes political rule and administers equal/blind justice (Meyers, 1213). As such, no branch of government can weaponize laws to terminate recognized individual rights. The maxim of the republic should be – while anyone can be the ruler, everyone lives as free as the ruler. Majority rule and protection of self-evident individual rights is fundamental to an ideal republic. Keywords: law, equal rights, equal justice, impunity, rule of law
ПРО НЕОБХІДНІСТЬ ДОПОВНЕННЯ СХЕМИ ГЕНЕТИЧНОЇ КЛАСИФІКАЦІЇ РОДОВИЩ КОРИСНИХ КОПАЛИН КЛАСОМ МЕТАМОРФОГЕННО-ГІДРОТЕРМАЛЬНИХ РОДОВИЩ ГІДРОТЕРМАЛЬНОЇ ГРУПИ
Authors: Павлунь Микола
Published: February 2024

У статті розглянуто особливості фізико-хімічного перебігу процесів формування золоторудних родовищ Українського щита (УЩ). Установлено їхню метаморфогенно-гідротермальну природу. Про це свідчить найбільш високобаричний (до гіпербаричного) тиск мінералоутворення (200–300–350 МПа), субізохоричний тренд перебігу процесів рудогенезу та високий ступінь термостатування й геологічно найзакритіший тип глибинних рудогенерувальних палеогідротермальних систем, де вертикальний палеотемпературний градієнт (ΔТ/100 м) змінюється від 8–10°С/100 м (Балка Широка), 5–8°С/100 м (Балка Золота) до 3–5°С/100 м (Майське). Діагностовано високий ступінь густини діоксиду вуглецю у флюїдах (до 0,944–1,02 г/см3) у початковий гіпер- і високобаричний період формування родовищ УЩ. Це проявляється в очевидному домінуванні гомогенізації складних вуглекислотно-водно-сольових, водно-сольових, вуглекислотно-водних і суттєво водних включень за першим типом – у рідину. Натомість гомогенізація в газову фазу за другим типом, у тім числі часткова й повна (для інклюзивів із СО2), відбувається у зв’язку з фазовими переходами СО2 в складі генерацій «киплячих» гідротерм (РСО2–Г–РН2О і РСО2–Г) під час та особливо на завершення формування золотоносних парагенезисів. Неординарно висока густина метаморфогенних флюїдів через особливо велику в’язкість рідинної фази інклюзивів проявляється в украй повільному (стисненому) процесі часткової й повної гомогенізації (гетерогенізації) інклюзивів, що не властиво магматогенно-гідротермальним родовищам. Ці та деякі інші ознаки термобарохімічного перебігу процесів рудоутворення, які виключно властиві метаморфогенно-гідротермальним родовищам, дають нам підстави доповнити класифікацію родовищ корисних копалин В. Смірнова новим класом гідротермальної групи – метаморфогенно-гідротермальним.
Analisis Pemahaman Sex Education Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Melalui Media Flashcard Berbasis Audiovisual
Authors: Mufidah Izzatul , Zulfahmi Muhammad Nofan
Published: February 2024

Kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pendidikan seksual menjadi salah satu penyebab banyaknya kasus pelecehan seksual dan pernikahan di bawah umur. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan media Flashcard berbasis audiovisual di TK Citra Kusuma Kecapi dalam memahami sex education. Pendekatan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Subjek penelitian pada penelitian ini berupa 2 guru sebagai informan dan mediator yang melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran kepada anak di TK Citra Kusuma dan siswa kelompok B berjumlah 18 orang sebagai subjek penelitian dalam penggunaan media flashcard berbasis audiovisual. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini dimulai dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, serta menarik suatu kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa media pembelajaran flashcard berbasis audiovisual efektif dalam mengenalkan sex education pada anak. Hal tersebut terbukti dari 18 anak, terdapat 70% anak mengalami perbedaan antara sebelum dan sesudah pengenalan sex education. Anak sudah mulai memahami cara menjaga dirinya dan memahami tentang bagian anggota tubuh yang boleh dilihat atau tidak boleh dilihat. Kurang adanya komunikasi antara pendidik dan juga orang tua di rumah merupakan salah satu faktor penghambat bagi pendidik dalam mengedukasi anak tentang pendidikan seks ini.