bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance and Control of Variable Pitch Proprotors for Multi-Scale Quadrotor Biplane Tail-sitters (QBiTs)
Authors:   University of Maryland, Phillips Brandyn , Safieh Derek , Hrishikeshavan Vikram , Yeo Derrick , Chopra Inderjit
Published: July 2023

Hybrid air vehicles with VTOL capability and fixed wing efficiency continue to find application in the expanding aerospace landscape. One such concept, the quadrotor biplane tail-sitter, has a baseline configuration that is mechanically simple and utilizes a conventional quadcopter control scheme. The subject of this paper is the expansion of the baseline flight envelope through the implementation of independently controlled variable pitch mechanisms on each rotor. Hover data showed that power consumption increased as blade pitch (θ75) increased, climbing from 450 W to 880 W with a 20° increase in blade pitch. Additional hover data demonstrated that the operating motor efficiency decreased from 80% to 60% when blade pitch is increased by 20°. Forward flight data measurements showed that the variable pitch mechanism successfully expanded the flight envelope. From 15° to 30° blade pitch, the minimum power required decreased from 520 W to 326 W, and the airspeed achieved increased from 6 m/s to 8.5 m/s. As a supplement to flight testing, preliminary efforts towards developing a mobile wind tunnel test stand to measure the impact of variable pitch and rotor-wing interactions are discussed.
Flight Test Comparison of Gust Rejection Capability for Various Multirotor Configurations
Authors:   US Army CCDC AvMC, J. Mark ,   San Jose State University, Gong Anthony ,   Universities Space Research Association, Soong Jonathan , Tischler Mark , Juhasz Ondrej , Sanders Frank , Nadell Samuel
Published: July 2023

Multirotor unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are prone to tubulent wind conditions and gust disturbances. Improving gust rejection performance is a critical technology to enable multirotor UAS operations in highly turbulent conditions and has been a recent topic of interest for study. To better understand the impacts of configuration and demonstrate methodologies for improving gust rejection performance, three different multicopters (a quadcopter, hexacopter, and octocopter) were studied. For each vehicle, system identification was used to obtain models from flight data, flight control systems were designed to maximize gust rejection capability, and gust rejection performance was validated in f light using a physically simulated gusts and tubulence. An overview of the key developments and results are presented in this paper.
Africa CDC's inaugural One Health Conference | Abstract Book
Authors: Authors The
Published: July 2023

One Health is a collaborative, multisectoral and transdisciplinary approach used to attain optimal health outcomes for people, animals, plants, and their shared environment. To celebrate and share the various One Health work taking place on the continent, the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) hosted a 3-day virtual One Health Conference from 1-3 November 2021.
A Prospective Study of Comparison between Open Trendelenburg Operation, Radiofrequency Ablation, EVLA, and Glue Technique for the Management of Varicose Veins
Authors: Dash Amrit Shovan , Dhillon Rishi , Jha Rakesh Kumar , Dwivedi Surjeet Kumar
Published: July 2023

Background:

Varicose veins are a subset of Chronic Venous disorders, including spider, reticular, varicose, and leg oedema. In our country, varicose veins are common surgical problems most commonly seen in low socio-economic groups and associated with certain occupation(s). Varicose veins have been known to affect the quality of life (QoL) leading to changes in occupation. Surgical treatment methods such as Saphenofemoral Junction (SFJ) Ligation and Great Saphenous Vein (GSV) stripping with spinal or general anaesthesia, Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA), Endovascular Laser Ablation (EVLA) and GLUE Technique within the operating room are considered in patients who remain refractory to conservative management and continue being symptomatic.

Aim & Objectives:

The study aimed to compare the outcome and associated post-operative complications, including Deep Venous Thrombosis, Pulmonary Embolism or Paresthesia, and Ecchymosis, with various modalities in the management of varicose veins.

Material and Methods:

The study was performed at a tertiary care centre which included 200 patients over a period of one year and was evaluated in the basis of VCSS & VDS scores.

Results:

We observed that all treatment protocols demonstrated results which improved the general physical condition of patients with the least number of complications. Treatment for varicose veins encompasses open surgeries and Endovenous techniques (EVLA and RFA), which show comparative results in clinical improvement, complications and postoperative hospital stay. Both VCSS and VDS are sensitive tools for measuring clinical outcomes of treatments of venous disease. However, the choice of appropriate tool is dependent upon the type of treatment, the Surgeon ‘s personal experience, availability of resources, durations of hospital admission and cost of treatment.
ChatGPT for Teachers: Practical Examples for Utilizing Artificial Intelligence for Educational Purposes
Authors: Mondal Himel , Marndi Gujaram , Behera Joshil Kumar , Mondal Shaikat
Published: July 2023

Background:

Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically ChatGPT, has the potential to revolutionize medical education by acting as an interactive virtual tutor and personalized learning assistant. It may help both teachers and students in various ways.

Objective:

The objective of this article is to provide practical examples of the utilization of ChatGPT for educational purposes in the context of teaching.

Materials and Methods:

The article presents various scenarios and applications where ChatGPT can be effectively employed by teachers. These examples are based on real-world experiences and observations, showcasing the potential of AI in enhancing educational practices.

Results:

The article demonstrates how ChatGPT can serve as a valuable tool for teachers in preparation of presentation slide, formulating essay-type, multiple choice, and viva questions, answering students’ queries, making customized content for students according to comprehension capability, evaluation of answers, creating case vignette, plan a lesson, or create contents for blended learning.

Conclusion:

The findings of this article emphasize the practical implications and benefits of utilizing ChatGPT for educational purposes. Teachers who are overburdened with academic loads can take help from the program. However, teachers must use it with caution as the content created by ChatGPT may have errors or have scientific inaccuracy. Future research should focus on exploring the long-term effects and pedagogical strategies for effective implementation of ChatGPT in educational settings.
Pulmonary Cavities following Blunt Chest Injury
Authors: Kalaiyarasan K. , Begam A. Sharmila
Published: July 2023

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are the most common cause of chest injuries. In this case report, a 17-year-old male presented with left-sided chest pain and hemoptysis after an RTA. Radiological investigations showed a left-sided pneumothorax with multiple cavities in the left lower lobe of the lung and surrounding ground glass opacities, which was suggestive of pulmonary lacerations. We managed the patient conservatively and followed up after 1 month. The computed tomography thorax showed near-complete radiological resolution after 1 month. In all patients with injuries to the chest, we have to suspect pulmonary lacerations, which can present with cavities in the lung parenchyma, and manage them accordingly. As demonstrated in this case, a pulmonary laceration following a RTA can present with pulmonary cavities. Hence, this should be kept in mind during the management of the patient with a chest wall injury.
Dengue-COVID-19 overlap
Authors: Patil Shital , Toshniwal Sham , Dhumal Uttareshvar , Narwade Ganesh
Published: July 2023

Background:

Dengue-COVID-19 overlap is a mixture of both diseases sharing few similarities in pulmonary and extrapulmonary involvement. Although dengue fever is more commonly reported in tropical settings, very little literature is available regarding dengue-COVID-19 overlap in Indian context. Due to high prevalence of both diseases later being pandemic disease, and overlapping laboratory and clinical parameters, we have conducted a study to observe dengue-COVID-19 overlap in Indian settings in tertiary care hospitals.

Methods:

This prospective, observational study included 600 COVID-19 cases with dengue nonstructural protein 1 or dengue immunoglobulin (Ig) M positive, with lung involvement documented and categorized on high-resolution computerized tomography (CT) thorax at entry point. All cases were subjected to dengue IgG antibody titers and dengue IgM/IgG antibody titer analysis after 12 weeks of discharge from the hospital.

Results:

Dengue-COVID-19 overlap was documented in 16.33% (98/600) of cases. CT severity has documented a significant correlation with dengue-COVID-19 overlap cases (P < 0.00001). Hematological evaluation, white blood cell count, and platelet count were having a significant association with dengue-COVID-19 overlap (P < 0.0076 and P < 0.00001, respectively). Clinical parameters as hypoxia have a significant association with dengue-COVID-19 overlap (P < 0.00001). Inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase have a significant association in dengue-COVID-19 overlap (P < 0.00001), respectively. In study of 600 cases of “dengue COVID 19 overlap”, post COVID lung fibrosis was documented in 92/600 cases. Serological assessment between dengue IgM/IgG antibody and COVID antibody titers has a significant association with post covid lung fibrosis (P < 0.00001).

Conclusions:

Dengue-COVID-19 overlap is clinical syndrome with overlapping clinical and laboratory workup of both the illnesses. High index of suspicion is must in all COVID cases in tropical settings where dengue is endemic, and all cases with leucopenia and thrombocytopenia with fever should be screened for dengue serology. False-positive dengue serology or dengue antigen cross-reactivity is known to occur in underlying COVID-19 illness, and have impact on clinical outcome as it will result in delay in COVID appropriate treatment initiation and many cases require intensive care unit treatment due to progressed COVID pneumonia.
Analysis of the Effect of Female Genital Tuberculosis on Ovarian Reserve Parameters
Authors: Richa Sharma , Anjali Kanhere , Sonal Jain , Akrati Jain
Published: July 2023

Background:

Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is a known cause of female infertility. Worldwide incidence is 5%–10% and annual burden in India is around 4%–7%. It is known to cause tubal and endometrial damage. However, the effect on ovarian damage is poorly known. The availability of ovarian markers has contributed to an improved understanding of ovarian reserve in FGTB.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to assess ovarian reserve by measuring anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) amongst infertile women and analyse the effect of GTB on ovarian reserve parameters.

Settings and Design:

This was a prospective study at a tertiary referral centre for infertility for 18 months.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 133 infertile women who underwent diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy and cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test testing of an endometrial biopsy were included in the study. AMH and AFC of all the infertile women were assessed and compared between cases with and without FGTB.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Independent t-test was used to find the outcome differences in the distribution of values. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Fifty-eight (43.6%) cases were diagnosed with FGTB (Group I), and 75 (56.3%) cases were without FGTB (Group II). The mean AMH level 1.88 ng/ml (±1.52) and mean AFC 9.0 (±5.50) were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in Group I than in Group II with AMH 3.57 ng/ml (±2.93) and AFC 12.50 (±6.0).

Conclusion:

In women with prolonged infertility and low ovarian reserve, FGTB should be ruled out. Early diagnosis and treatment of GTB may prevent further decline of ovarian reserve and improve the reproductive outcome.
Efficacy of Chewable Brush Compared to Manual Brush in School Going Children of Age Group 10–12 Years
Authors: Pawar Madhura , Kumari Neha , Gopal Ruchi , Nasha Divya , Bhuyan Lipsa , Verma Vartika
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

Chewable toothbrushes were compared to traditional manual toothbrushes in terms of their ability to remove plaque and their impact on salivary pH in a sample of school-aged children.

Materials and Methods:

The sample size for this research was 200 youngsters aged 10–12. Saliva was collected by spitting into a clean container, and the pH levels were measured using color-coded pH strips to determine where the person was starting from. The plaque score was measured using the OHI-S index after the application of the disclosing agent. The pH and plaque scores were also recalculated after brushing to see how they had changed after surgery.

Results:

Results indicated that both manual and chewable brushes significantly improved post-brushing pH ratings (P = 0.001), and that plaque scores decreased (P = 0.001). When compared to conventional manual toothbrushes, the chewable brush was much more successful in reducing plaque and elevating salivary pH (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

As a result, parents may offer their kids a chewable toothbrush to help them maintain good oral hygiene after lunch and on lengthy car trips, when they would not have time to wash their teeth properly.
A Study on Urinary Isolates of Candida Species Isolated from Hospitalized Patients with Special Reference to Speciation, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Comparison of Rapid and Conventional Methods of Speciation
Authors: Patel Sanjaykumar P. , Nimavat Keyur , Patel Pragnesh , Kachhadia Jenish
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

In order to determine which species of Candida were isolated from hospitalized patients’ urine, which risk factors they were linked to, and which antifungal drugs were effective against them, the current investigation was carried out.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred inpatients were part of the study group. Urine samples were collected from each subject and spun at 3000 rpm for 10–15 minutes in individual sterile centrifuge tubes. Color, size, texture, and the presence of color diffusion into the surrounding agar were used to identify the distinct Candida species, presumably in 48 hours.

Results:

A total of 86.7% of the Candida spp. were found to be non-albicans. Major inaccuracies occurred because of differences between methodologies; thus, MBD is the best way to determine antifungal susceptibility to itraconazole and amphotericin B.

Conclusion:

To help clinicians decide on an empirical treatment in an emergency, accurate identification of Candida down to the species level is crucial.
Awareness and Constraints towards the Implementation of Green Dentistry amongst Dental Students and Private Practitioners of West India
Authors: Thakar Shaiva , Kinariwala Niraj , Pandya Dhrusha , Parekh Nirav H. , Patel Niravkumar K. , Patel Aastha
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Dentistry is a resource-intensive discipline of healthcare that has a notable impact on the environment. Sustainability should be the major consideration for healthcare service providers to support climate change policies. Green dentistry is an efficient strategy for practicing eco-friendly dentistry. This study was conducted to assess the awareness, knowledge, and barriers to practicing green dentistry among dental practitioners and dental students.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical online questionnaire survey with 22 questions was carried out.

Results:

51.8% of participants were not aware of the concept of green dentistry. Practitioners of the age group 20-30 years are more willing to transform their dental practice into green practice to reduce the carbon footprint of their clinic (P < 0.05). Chi-square data analysis shows that dental practitioners treating more than 20 patients in a week have a better awareness of the concept of green dentistry (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Within the limitations of this study, dental professionals in the younger age group are eager to transform their dental practices to green practices to lessen their clinics’ carbon footprints. Financial constraints limit the implementation of green dentistry into clinical practice.
Case Reports of Aesthetic Rehabilitation by Richmond Crown in Maxillary Anterior Teeth: A Forgotten State of Art
Authors: Patel Neeta , Pallipurath Athulya , Patel Shwetika , Malaviya Gunja , Patel Sheena , Zaveri Mahek
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

After endodontic therapy, restoring severely broken or damaged crown structure is a difficult task in conservative dentistry. Regular post and core followed by crown repair cannot restore a crown with steep incisal guidance, very little overjet, and highly damaged crown structure. Richmond crown is better recommended in these situations since Richmond crown is a crown having post. It is prepared as a single piece having a ceramic facing. We frequently encounter teeth having very less or no clinical crown portion that are structurally damaged. Support and retention of the restoration are challenging to achieve in such situations. The rehabilitation of anterior teeth that has been endodontically treated and structurally impaired is reviewed in two cases.
Lip Biting Scar and its Treatment – A Rare Case Report
Authors: Raaj Vaibhava , Anbuselvan Gobichettipalayam Jagatheeswaran , Salam Sajjad , Sivagami Muthukrishnan , Yamunadevi Andamuthu , Priyadarshini Kedarnath , Anbazhagan Kavinkumar Krishnaswamy
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Oral habits are an acquired mode of behavior that has become nearly or completely involuntary. Oral habits such as thumb sucking, lip sucking, tongue thrusting, lip biting, nail biting, object biting, and bruxism have serious health consequences. Several etiological factors have been linked to the development of oral habits. In this article, a rare case of a scar on the lower lip, which occurred due to lip biting habit, has been reported.
Biomechanical Properties of Maxillary Second Molar with Different Endodontic Cavity Designs - A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Srinivasan Madhumita , Chakravarthy Dhanavel , Yen Vidya Albert , Baskar Kaviya , Thirunavukkarasu Manojkumar , Ravi Megavarnan
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To evaluate the biomechanical properties of maxillary second molars with three different cavity designs – Traditional, Conservative, and Extended – endodontic cavities using the finite element analysis method.

Materials and Methods:

Three finite element models of a maxillary second molar with three different types of endodontic cavities were designed and restored. Each model was subjected to three different force loads directed at the occlusal surface. The stress distribution patterns and the maximum von Mises (VM) stresses were calculated and compared.

Results:

Vertical force of multipoint load on the occlusal surface and lateral forces to the palatal cusp showed the maximum stress values in the extensive cavity design, followed by the traditional cavity design and then the conservative cavity design.

Conclusion:

The VM stress distribution in the conservative endodontic cavity was minimal when compared to other access cavity designs.
Can Histopathological Evidence of Ankylosis of the Tooth be Helpful in the Prevention of a Medicolegal Case in Case of Iatrogenic Fracture of the Mandible during Dental Extraction where Preoperative Radiographs have not been Taken?
Authors: Khaire Samir D. , Thopte Shameeka S. , Nisa Shams UL , Wadde Kavita
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

A fracture of the mandible is a rare complication that can occur during a dental extraction being carried out under local/general anesthesia. It is always advisable to take a pre-operative radiograph of the tooth to be considered for extraction to study the root configuration and make a surgical plan for the case. Most of the dental extractions carried out without taking a preoperative radiograph are completed uneventfully. However, in rare cases, complications can arise owing to local anatomical variations and lead to medicolegal issues and litigation. This article discusses the management of a case of iatrogenic fracture of the mandible during dental extraction, wherein a pre-operative radiograph was not taken; however, following extraction of the tooth and management of the fracture mandible, the histopathology report of the extracted tooth was suggestive of ankylosis of the tooth.
Evaluation of Hearing Performance in Patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Relation to Different Grades
Authors: Srivastava Rahul , Bagde Hiroj , Thomas Pallavi A. , Ahmed Syed B. , Singh Dhirendra K. , Tiwari Manish K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

OSMF is now recognized worldwide as an Indian disease. Blanching and rigidity of the oral mucosa, impaired mobility of the soft palate and tongue, difficulty opening the mouth, burning sensation, lack of gustatory sensation, and mild deafness due to Eustachian tube dysfunction. Soft palatal muscles often affect Eustachian tube function.

Materials and Methods:

Rama Dental College Hospital and research center Kanpur conducted a cross-sectional study. 60 OSMF patients were randomly selected for this study. Visible light was used for a detailed case history and clinical examination. OSMF was diagnosed by difficulty opening the mouth, blanched oral mucosa, and palpable fibrous bands. Burning, salivation, tongue protrusion, habits, and malignant changes were also diagnostic. ENT specialists used pure tone audiometry to examine the ear (PTA).

Results:

Out of 60 patients 59 were males and 1 female. The participants who took part in this study ranged in age from 18 to 65. Pure tone audiometry of 120 years, 84 (70%) revealed normal hearing, 10 (8.33%) revealed minimal hearing loss, 14 (11.67%) revealed mild hearing loss and 12 (10%) revealed moderate hearing loss.

Conclusion:

In order to improve the success rate of treatment, the protocol for managing OSMF patients should therefore include ENT consultation and hearing impairment treatment.
Cleidocranial Dysplasia: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Dhobley Akshay A. , Thombre Aparna V. , Ghatage Dipak , Patil Ranu Ingole
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare hereditary disease of unknown etiology which was previously known as cleidocranial dysostosis. It usually follows an autosomal dominant mode of transmission with no predilection of genre or ethnic group. It is caused by a mutation of RUNX2, characterized by generalized dysplasia of the bones and teeth. Affected individuals have short stature, atypical facial features, and skeletal anomalies affecting mainly the skull and clavicle. The dental manifestations are mainly delayed exfoliation of the primary teeth and delayed eruption of the permanent teeth, with multiple impacted supernumeraries, and the absence of cellular cementum. The frequency of this disorder is 1 per million individuals. Here we report a rare case of CCD in a 23 year old female patient having most of the characteristic features of this syndrome.
Comparison of Root Dentinal Crack Formation after Coronal Pre-Flaring using Different Rotary Instruments: An In vitro Study
Authors: Oak Anjali , Chandy Ajith A. , Murugesan Sabari , Dalal Dhanashree , Subramani Savadamoorthi K. , Sunnanguli Gowrish
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:

The aim of this study was to see the incidence of cracks in root dentin after coronal flaring using various rotary instruments such as Gates Glidden (GG) drills, ProTaper Universal SX, OneFlare, and HyFlex EDM.

Materials and Methods:

Seventy freshly extracted premolar teeth with single canal were collected. All the teeth were randomly divided into five groups of fourteen each (n = 14), of which one group served as the control and the rest of the four groups were instrumented with GG drills, ProTaper Universal SX, OneFlare, and HyFlex EDM, respectively.

Results:

The GG drills resulted in a higher rate of crack formation in root dentin (P < 0.05) than the ProTaper Universal SX, OneFlare, and HyFlex EDM instruments (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The use of GG drills resulted in more crack formation. However, the results for the ProTaper Universal SX, OneFlare, and HyFlex EDM flaring instruments were less in terms of crack formation.
A Comparative Study of the Flap and Flapless Techniques of Ridge Preservation: A Clinical Double-Blinded Study
Authors: Guruprasad Yadavalli , Dhurubatha J , Kumar Santosh , Sultana Rafat , Bakshi Heer T. , Desai Dhriti T.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Extraction of the tooth often leads to crestal bone loss. It is difficult for clinicians to decide on the technique of extraction. Many studies on flap and flapless have led to confusion. Hence it becomes necessary to conduct this study to show the efficient ridge preservation technique.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty patients were selected for this study. It was divided into the flap and flapless groups. In group A, the flap was elevated, tooth extraction was undertaken, the socket was cleaned, a graft was placed, a barrier was placed, and a suture was placed. In group B all the procedures were the same but without flap elevation. After surgery, clinical and radiographical parameters were recorded.

Result:

Flapless technique showed a better result in bone preservation. There was a low vertical bone loss in the flapless technique.

Conclusion:

Both techniques showed bone loss. But the flapless technique gave better results.
Hypoglycemic Effect of Nelumbo Nucifera Seed Extract on GLUT-4 mRNA and GLUT-4 Protein in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Pipil Neha , Gupta Prem Prakash , Soni Sachin , Chopra Deepti , Lhamo Yangshen , Singh Niraj , Shree Bhagya
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To investigate the effect of N. nucifera hydroalcoholic seed extract on fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, glucose transporter (GLUT)-4 mRNA, and GLUT-4 protein in the adipose tissue of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Materials and Methods:

Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were first fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for three weeks, and then, diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ at a dose of 35 mg/kg bw. Rats were divided into four groups: group 1: normal rats (NC), group 2: STZ-induced diabetic rats (DC), group 3: diabetic rats with N. nucifera hydroalcoholic seed extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg bw (NN), and group 4: diabetic rats with metformin at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw (MET) for 28 days.

Results:

FBG level was significantly lower in the NN group than in the DC group (P < 0.05). Also, the NN group increased GLUT-4 mRNA expression and GLUT-4 protein in the adipose tissue when compared to the diabetic group.

Conclusion:

We conclude that the observed hypoglycemic effect of N. nucifera seed extraction in STZ-induced diabetic rats could be due to insulinomimetic activity.
The Different MRI Features of Hepatocellular Adenoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Abdullah Ayoob D , Taher Hayder J. , Alareer Hayder S. , Easa Ahmed M. , Dakhil Hussein A. , Bustan Raad A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) are benign tumours that may be broken down into three different molecular pathogenic categories: catenin activator, hepatic cell nuclear agent 1 (HNF- 1) that has been inactivated, and Inflammatory hepatic adenomas are a genetic and pathological subtype of hepatic adenoma.

Methodology:

An analysis of 50 HCA cases was conducted to identify the magnetic resonance imaging characteristics that were specifically related to each HCA subtype IV. This method included 50 patients in total for the study, with 30 of them being new cases. Four cases involving medicine, pathology, surgery, and radiology were gathered and examined.

Results:

As per these analyses for inactivated HNF-1, the sure predictive esteem about homogeneous indicator spillage on the compound shift pictures could have been as high as 100%, negative predictive quality could have been as high as 94.7%, affectability could have been as high as 86.7%, and specificity could have been as high as 100%. Enhancement of the solid blood vessels to support the ongoing and future stages of the portal vein change. It took a certain predictive quality of 88.5%, a negative predictive worth of about 84%, an affectability of about 85.2%, and more specificity of about 87.5% to diagnose incendiary HCA from the predominant signs seen for T2W successions linked with late constant upgrades.

Conclusions:

Both HNF-1–mutated HCAs and incendiary HCAs need to be associated with specific magnetic resonance imaging phenotypes characterized independently as having diffused lipid repartition and sinusoidal expansion.
A Comparative Evaluation of Collagen in Ameloblastoma and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma using Picrosirius Red Staining with Polarizing Microscopy and CD44v6 Immunoreactivity
Authors: Thete Sanjay G. , Deshmukh Atul , Yadav Renu , Umbare Dhirajkumar , Shinde Kanchan N. , Kandalkar Sachin
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Solid multicystic ameloblastoma (SMA) is a locally aggressive, benign odontogenic tumor of odontogenic origin with greater rate of recurrence. Epithelial-mesenchymal interaction plays an important role in tooth morphogenesis that shows complete differentiation of epithelial and ectomesenchymal components to the level of tooth formation. Tumor stroma in ameloblastoma is normal mature collagen that prevents differentiation to the level of tooth formation. Current study evaluates the role of stromal elements in aggressive behavior of SMA using picrosirius red staining with polarizing microscopy and CD44v6 immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Objectives:

To compare nature of collagen using picrosirius red staining under polarized microscope and IHC expression of CD44v6 marker in SMA and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods:

Thirty blocks were retrieved from departmental archives and subjected to picrosirius red staining and CD44v6 IHC staining. Slides stained with picrosirius red were observed under polarized microscope to report the birefringence pattern. IHC slides were annotated for intensity of staining of tumor cells.

Results:

In contrast to OSCC’s 40% red, 40% yellowish-red, and 20% greenish-yellow birefringence, SMA displayed 87% red, 13% yellowish-red, and 0% greenish-yellow. Compared to OSCC, which had tumor cells stained 9% strongly, 64% moderately, 27% mildly, and 0% negatively, SMA revealed 0% strong, 10% moderate, 60% weak, and 30% negative staining.

Conclusion:

As opposed to OSCC, which exhibited a greater quantity of greenish-yellow birefringence of immature collagen, SMA showed predominantly red birefringence, which is suggestive of mature collagen with a lack of metastasis. Comparing SMA to OSCC, the lack of significant CD44v6 positivity suggests that there has not been perineural invasion or regional metastases in SMA.
Evaluation of Smear Layer Removal and Micro Hardness Alteration of Radicular Dentin after Using Various Chelating Agents – An Atomic Force Microscopic Study
Authors: Veeraiyan Mounika , Kumar Yata Prashanth , Chandhar Chikine Yashas , Priyanka Yeligati , Jaiswal Manisha , Kemasaram Deepika
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:

For endodontic therapy to be successful, the smear layer produced by the root canal instruments must be removed. The study’s objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of radicular dentin microhardness modification and smear layer removal utilizing various chelating agents.

Materials and Methods:

Extracted human mandibular single-rooted premolar teeth were selected for the study. The specimens were sectioned to obtain a standard root length and, working length determination was done. Cleaning and shaping were done in all the samples till the size F3 (Protaper universal). Based on the chelating agents using samples were randomly divided into four groups, Group-I: Saline (negative control), Group-II: 17% EDTA (DeSmear, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) (positive control), Group-III: 0.2% Chitosan (Everest-Biotech, Bengaluru), Group-IV: 20% N-Acetyl cysteine (NAC) (Sisco Research Laboratories, Mumbai), Group-V: 5% Pentetic acid (New Alliance Fine chem Pvt Ltd, Mumbai). All the samples were prepared for smear layer removal and surface roughness evaluation using an atomic force microscope.

Results:

It was observed that significantly (P = 0.000) the mean roughness average was higher among group II EDTA (148 ± 8.5) followed by group III 0.2% Chitosan (92.5 ± 3.42), group IV 20% NAC (85.2 ± 2.17), and group V 5% Pentetic acid (73.3 ± 3.39) and least by group I Saline (59.3 ± 3.31). The highest smear layer removal was seen with group II (EDTA) followed by group III (0.2% Chitosan), group IV (20% NAC), and group V (Pentetic acid).

Conclusion:

All the chelating agents removed smear layer in coronal third, middle third whereas none of them were able to entirely eliminate from the apical third. Chitosan with smear layer removal capacity equal to EDTA with limited roughness can be considered as a valid alternative as final irrigant.
Quantitative Association of Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) and Hyperacute Serum (HAS) with Glycemic Control (HbA1c) in Chronic Periodontitis Patients: An Ex vivo Study
Authors: Bains Vivek Kumar , Mahendra Jaideep , Mahendra Little , Mittal Madhukar , Gunam Valli
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To evaluate correlation of PRF and HAS with glycemic control (HbA1c) and other systemic parameters amongst the chronic periodontitis patients.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-seven non-smoker, non-tobacco users, non-alcoholic moderate chronic periodontitis volunteers (Stage II, Grade A or B), aging between 40 and 50 years of both genders with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, HbA1c >6.5%) or without T2DM (HbA1c <6.5%), were recruited. After recording vitals and demographic parameters, 20 ml of intravenous fasting blood was collected, of which 11 ml blood was used for investigating complete blood count, lipid profile, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-reactive protein, and fasting insulin level. As per the standard protocol, PRF and HAS was prepared from the 9-ml blood sample of the patients. PRF obtained was quantified using Wensar’s analytical balance with a readability of 0.0001 g. Prepared HAS from the fibrin clot was quantified using a micropipette and stored in 2 ml Eppendorf vials.

Results:

Mean values of PRF and HAS obtained in the study were 2.0089 ± 0.844 g (ranged between 0.0 g and 3.968 g) and 1.540 ± 0.552 ml (ranged between 0.00 and 3.500 ml), respectively. The amount of PRF and HAS obtained were significantly higher in non-diabetic patients (mean 2.3093 g and 1.743 ml, respectively) as compared to diabetic patients (mean 1.5762 g and 1.266 ml, respectively). Results suggested a significant correlation between HbA1c level and quantification of PRF (P=0.007) and HAS (P=0.037), whereas no correlation was observed between HbA1c levels and hematologic, lipid, and demographic parameters.

Conclusion:

Within the limitation of the present study, it can be concluded that a significant correlation exists between the HbA1c level and quantification of PRF and HAS.
A Retrospective Analysis of the Need for the Root Canal Therapy for the Full Crown Restorations: An Original Study
Authors: Sharma Neha , Gill Shruti , Gautam Abhishek , Bansal Kritika , Oswal Piyush , Dutta Smita D. , Mustafa Mohammed
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

There are numerous chances for pulpal irritation during the placement of a crown on a tooth. This study’s goal was to find and examine the variables that influence the prevalence of routine root canal therapy after the teeth were restored with full coverage crowns.

Methods:

The hospital records were retrospectively evaluated from 2000 to 2010 for a decade. The demographics as well as the various variables that caused for the intervention with the root canal therapy for the teeth with the full crowns were evaluated. The values were compared for the significance.

Results:

The total number of the teeth that were finalized in the study was 4308. Of the total teeth that were treated with full coverage crowns, 50% were metal ceramic, 42% were full ceramic, and 9% were full metal crowns. After 10 years, possibility that every tooth with a crown would survive was 91%. The most frequent adverse incident was the intervention with the RCT. Metal ceramic crowns had poor survival rates and needed the maximum intervention. Younger age-group had least survival rate than the older age-groups.

Conclusions:

Endodontic therapy is unlikely to be necessary after crown installation. As the patient’s age declines and all-ceramic or PFM crowns are used, this risk rises.
Comparison of the Bleached and Non-Bleached Teeth for the Adhesive Boosters for the Orthodontic Bonding: An Original Research
Authors: Deepak V Arun , Kovelakar Ekavenika , Chacko Prince K. , Kandikatla Pradeep , Kumari Lalima , Varma Praveen K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The bleaching of the teeth is known to reduce the bonding of the orthodontic brackets. Hence, this in vitro study was piloted to analyze if there was any variance between the teeth that were and were not bleached when the adhesive boosters were used and for its effect on the shear bond strength.

Materials and Procedures:

Hundred premolars (maxillary) that had been excised were randomly split into two groups: bleached teeth and unbleached teeth. The bleaching agent was gel composed of 22% carbamide peroxide. Maxillary premolar brackets were bonded, and each group was subdivided as control and adhesive booster Enhance LC groups. A universal testing device was used for debonding. The SBS thus recorded was compared for the subgroups and groups.

Results:

Significant variance was obtained for between the groups and between the subgroups. Higher bond strength was for the non-bleached teeth than the bleached teeth and was seen in the adhesive booster subgroup than the control group.

Conclusion:

In summary, adhesive boosters dramatically raised the shear bond strength of teeth irrespective of the bleaching. Further in vivo studies are suggested.
Application of the OPG in the Prediction of Unfavorably Angulated Canines: An Original Study
Authors: Ansari Faisal M. , Naseem K. T , Ashok Amrita , Bavitha T. K , Fawaz V , Sabu Jibin K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Achieving a correct occlusion depends heavily on the axial inclination of the teeth, particularly the maxillary anteriors, which have the longest crowns. This study, which expanded the use of angular measures to the mandible, was created to determine the prevalence of adversely angulated canines using orthopantomograms.

Methods:

A sample of 200 people between the ages of 18 and 25 was chosen and separated into two groups based on the degree of crowding; one group served as the control group while the other, which experienced severe, crowding, served as the study group. All of the individuals had their Orthopantomogram and study models taken.

Results:

While canine angulation in controls typically ranges from 85 to 95 degrees, cases of crowding were observed to have angulation as low as 67 degrees and as high as 105 degrees.

Conclusion:

Orthopantomogram can be used to predict canine angulation, with distally and mesially angulated canines occurring at rates of roughly 18% and 37%, respectively.
An in vitro Study on the Antibacterial Efficiency of the Various Composites in the Children: An Original Research
Authors: Bagchi Anandamoy , Dolker Tundup , Talukdar Anindita , Sowmya Kona , Khan Mohammed M. , Raj Urvashi
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Many generations of esthetic materials have been introduced in the market, the most popular being the composites. Bioactive restorative materials are a recent development in restorative dentistry. However, the main cause of secondary caries is the development of bacterial plaque on these restorations. Current in vitro study was conducted to assess the antibacterial properties of three common composites.

Materials and Methods:

Only a single parameter was assessed in this study, which was the bacterial colonies on each of the material blocks that were confined in the same experimental conditions. For this assessment, three composite materials were used that were made into blocks of 10 each. “Beautifil Flow Plus X” and “ACTIVA BioACTIVE” were used as the interventional groups, while “Filtek Z250 XT” was used as the control. Streptococcus mutans was used as an antibacterial test subject, and confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to observe the results.

Results:

When compared to other groups, ACTIVA BioACTIVE exhibited the highest quantity of dead bacteria on the material surface. There was significant variance among the three composites in the number of live and dead bacterial colonies.

Conclusion:

The highest antibacterial efficacy among the evaluated materials allows for a conclusion.
Assessment of Parental Satisfaction with Various Aesthetic Crowns Among Children of Various Age Groups: An Original Research
Authors: Verma Rajnish K. , Srilatha V. , Patel Smit , Dithi C , Somaraj Vinej , Vallabhaneni SS Krishna
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Over the past ten years, parents have become more involved in choosing the aesthetic restorations for their ward. The strip crown and the prefabricated zirconia crown are some of the common anterior aesthetic complete crowns. The purpose of this study is to examine parental satisfaction over a one-year period in children aged three to five with “Strip Crowns” versus “Preformed Primary Anterior Zirconia Crowns”.

Materials and Procedures:

Current study included 20 children. Among them their both central incisors were restored using the two varieties of crowns. The distribution of participants was done using the permuted block randomization approach. Twenty parents who participated were called back over a year to complete the questionnaire. The data was collected and compared while the statistics are deemed significant at P < 0.05.

Results:

Both restoration options received positive feedback from parents. With strip crowns, there was a statistically significant correlation between overall happiness and longevity of the restoration (P = 0.003) and color (P = 0.033) in zirconium crowns. The parents who expressed less pleasure with the strip crowns’ longevity and the color of zirconia crowns did so overall, though.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, prefabricated primary anterior zirconia crowns were more popular with parents than strip crowns. All other criteria were about equally well-liked by parents, with the exception of longevity, which was more common for zirconia crowns.
Evaluation of the Various Oral Candida Species among Patients on Hemodialysis: A Clinical Study
Authors: Devarapalli Nagaraju , Awari Abhijit , Shinde Aparna B. , Yanaka Kavitha R. , Dashatwar Pallavi D. , Somaraj Vinej
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Oral candidiasis develops as a result of an opportunistic infection. In patients on hemodialysis who may be immune-compromised, candida can change from a commensal to a pathogen. Identification and classification of Candida species are crucial for the treatment of these patients. To distinguish between distinct species of candida found in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure‘s oral cavity.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 100 people were investigated, including 50 patients with “Chronic Renal Failure (CRF)” on hemodialysis and 50 healthy controls. Using “Sabouraud‘s Dextrose Agar (SDA)” and “CHROM Agar Culture Media”, salivary samples were incubated for 24, 48, or 72 hours at 37°C to develop candida species. Colony forming units/milliliter, a unit of measurement for colonies, were counted and calculated (CFU).

Results:

On SDA and CHROM agar medium, positive candidal growth was seen in the CRF with HD and Control Groups. There was a significant variance in the growth and the subspecies distribution of the colonies among the groups. The most common species was c.albicans followed by c. cruzi and tropical. Other subspecies were negligible. The number of colonies was also greater than 400 CFU in the majority of the dialysis subjects, while it was only 200 CFU for the majority of the controls.

Conclusion:

Patients with chronic renal failure receiving hemodialysis showed significantly higher levels of candida isolation and differentiation than healthy individuals (P 0.05).
Pregnant Women’s Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Lifestyle Factors
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Priyaranjan  , Gautam Abhishek , Quazi Syeda S. Nastaran , Singh Anubhuti , Ranjan Rajeev
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Pregnancy is often associated with a number of oral manifestations. There is a change in lifestyle factors and dental care during pregnancy.

Aim:

We conducted this cross-sectional study to determine how lifestyle factors affect oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) in pregnant women residing in Bero block, Jharkhand.

Methods:

The study included a total of 400 pregnant women aged 18–45. The assessment of lifestyle factors and OHRQOL was done using Health Practice Index (HPI) Index and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), respectively. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews.

Results:

Forty percent of the pregnant women showed low OHRQOL. The majority of them were not using mouthwash and were brushing their teeth using faulty techniques. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that women with poor lifestyle scores (Odds Ratio [OR] =3.8, P-value <0.0001*), and systemic diseases (OR = 2.6, P-value < 0.001*) were more likely to have poor OHRQOL.

Conclusion:

Pregnancy is associated with poor OHRQOL and poor lifestyle scores. Effective policies for oral health need to be drafted for this group.
Prevalence of Oral Submucous Fibrosis, Its Correlation of Clinical Grading to Various Habit Factors among Patients of Bihar: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Rani Priya , Singh Rana N. P. , Sharma Swati , Shahi Ajoy K. , Chandra Subhash , Singh Bishnupati
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To find out the prevalence of OSMF and its Co-relation of clinical grading to various habit factors (time span of habit practiced in years, repetition of habit practiced per day, time of habit practiced in minutes per use).

Method:

This descriptive, cross-sectional survey was carried out and close ended questionnaire was used for data collection. Demographic details like gender & age and different tissue exploiting habits like, chewing gutkha, chewing areca nut, chewing panmasala with or without tobacco, plain tobacco, mawa, smoking, alcohol was recorded. Also, duration of habit in years, repetition of habit per day, time of habit per use & site of involvement was recorded.

Results:

Among 5297 patients examined at OPD, 120 were diagnosed with OSMF. The present study found no statistical relation between age, gender & OSMF. The present study concluded that majority 83 (69.17%) of the OSMF patients are guthka user and buccal mucosa was most affected site. OSMF was more prevalent in patients who practiced the habit for more than 15 years.

Conclusion:

Among the OSMF patients, guthka was most commonly practiced & buccal mucosa was most commonly involved. Duration and frequency of consumption were significantly associated with severity of OSMF.