bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological trends in three different populations of the noble scallop Mimachlamys crassicostata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842) along the South China Sea Coast and their relationship to environment factors
Authors: Su Jiaqi , Liu Baosuo , Zhu Changbo
Published: April 2023

This study was carried out to assess the spatial patterns of morphological characteristics of the three cultured populations of the scallop Mimachlamys crassicostata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1842), from Yazhou Bay, Liusha Bay and Mirs Bay along the South China Sea coast and to determine whether any of the morphological characteristics could be related to selected environmental parameters. Morphological ratios of seven traits were analysed by classification and regression tree to evaluate the morphological variations in 1353 samples from three geographic locations. In addition, relationships between discriminatory morphological characteristics (ratios of shell weight to length, shell weight to height, whole weight to length and shell weight to adductor muscle weight) and nine environmental parameters (seawater temperature, salinity, pH, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate, total petroleum hydrocarbons, dissolved oxygen (DO) and chlorophyll a were assessed using mixed-effects linear models (LMMs). Results showed that more than 80% of individuals could be assigned to their collection locations based on the classification and regression tree. The accuracy of assigning individuals to their collection location of Mirs Bay, Yazhou Bay and Liusha Bay based on morphological variation was 85.52, 80.30 and 80.68%, respectively. Results of the LMMs revealed that ratios of shell weight to height and whole weight to length correlated positively with temperature and salinity, respectively. Shell weight to adductor muscle weight correlated negatively with DO concentration, indicating that high DO levels may be necessary to provide a suitable environment for scallops cultured in a food-rich coastal bay. These results may be helpful for future resource management, including stock recognition, productive management and stock conservation of M. crassicostata in the South China Sea.Keywords: Environmental parameters, Cultured population, Mixed-effects linear model, Morphological characteristics, Stock conservation
Operational Identification of Resistances of Wires of 380 V Distribution Networks by Automated Accounting Systems
Authors: Danilov M. I. , Romanenko I. G.
Published: April 2023

Four-wire distribution electrical networks of 0.4 kV equipped with automated systems of electrical energy accounting are considered. The problem of identifying the resistances of the wires of the distribution network is solved on the basis of the effective values of voltages and currents, as well as of their phase shift angles obtained by the accounting system in the power supply node of the network and from its subscribers for the selected observation intervals. A brief analysis of the known methods and technologies used in this area of research is carried out. The importance of the formulated problem for applied problems, such as control and diagnostics of electrical energy losses, as well as the technical condition of the network, is noted. A method (algorithm) is proposed that allows determining unknown, unequal complex resistances of inter-subscriber sections of the distribution network. In these resistances, the reactive components are considered equal within the inter-subscriber section; the active components differ due to the influence of unequal flowing currents and/or weather factors. At the same time, data from two different network operating modes are required, which are selected based on the analysis of the dynamics of changes of supply currents and/or voltages by the accounting system device connected to the power supply node. Considering that the active resistances of the wires must remain unchanged, the mode that is used for calculations is the one that is before the change in power consumption in the network and the next one immediately (about 0.1 s) after it. An example of a calculation that demonstrates the reliability of the proposed equations of the method that has been developed on a simulated distribution network is given. The research results are focused on the improvement of automated accounting systems and the implementation of their new functions that elevate the reliability of distribution networks, as well as allowing for the rapid identification of non-technical losses of electrical energy.
Video Spectral Methods and Tools for Monitoring of Controlled Parameters of Forest Fires and Oil Spill Accidents
Authors: Sizikov A. S. , Belyaev Y. V. , Tsykman I. M. , Popkov A. P.
Published: April 2023

The main results of the creation of the domestic complex “Vizir” for measuring bidirectional spectropolarization reflection coefficients and brightness of natural and artificial objects were presented in the article. Its purpose, composition and main technical parameters were indicated.

Spectral-polarization studies of the characteristics of samples that simulates objects (pollution) of natural (forest fires) and man-made (oil spills) emergencies were performed with the help of complex “Vizir” using polarizing nozzles under various conditions (angles of illumination, observation, pollution concentration, the time that passed since the contamination, the degree of wood thermal damage). The results of studies made it possible to increase the accuracy of identification of monitoring objects in emergency zones up to two times.

The main provisions of the two developed methods were outlined. The first method was methodology for determination of the controlled parameters of forest fires by means of aviation monitoring, which makes it possible to record the maximum values of the degree of polarization of reflected radiation for coal 30–40 % and for semi-coal 15–20 % in the wavelength range from 0.5 to 0.7 μm. The second one was methodology for determination of the controlled parameters of man-made emergencies with oil spills by means of aviation monitoring, which makes it possible to record the maximum values of the degree of polarization of an oil spill on water: 40–50 % at optimal view angles close to specular in relation to the angle of solar radiation incidence.

The developed methods were introduced into the activities of the Ministry for Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus to make the right management decisions to eliminate emergency situations and their consequences.
Power Calculation of Anti-Driveaway Crane Device from Eccentric and Wedge Mechanisms
Authors: Selivonchik N. M. , Nesterenko N. L.
Published: April 2023

To carry out a power calculation of the anti-driveaway device (AD) of lifting cranes operating in the open air, it is necessary to know the conditions that ensure their reliable stop and fixation on rails, as well as kinematic parameters, namely, the speed and acceleration of cranes when they move along the rails under the influence of  the wind force. The considered AD for stopping cranes driven away by the force of the wind uses a tong gripper driven by an eccentric mechanism.The paper presents the calculation of the forces arising during the operation of the tong gripper, considering the possibilities of various types of friction on the contact surfaces both in the absence of lubrication and in its presence.  The calculations of the eccentric mechanism as one of the fundamental mechanisms of the anti-driveaway crane device are presented in the paper. The stronger the wind force, the more due to the kinematic connection of the two mechanisms, when turning the eccentric mechanism, the pressure of the tong mechanism increases on the side faces of the head of the crane rail. The constructive solution of the AD excludes any actions of the personnel and makes it automatic.
Contact Problem for the End of Elastic Half-Strip
Authors: Bosakov S. V.
Published: April 2023

The paper considers contact problems for a stamp located at the end of an elastic half-strip without friction under the action of a concentrated force. A practical analogue of this problem is the support zone of a beam or truss on the head of a rectangular column, since the supporting parts of beams or columns have high bending rigidity. The calculation is performed in two stages. At the first stage, the variational-difference method solves the problem of the action of an arbitrarily applied concentrated force on the end of an elastic half-strip. The solution of this problem makes it possible to compose a square matrix of vertical displacements of the points of the end of the half-strip from the action of a single force. At the second stage, the Zhemochkin method solves the contact problem for a stamp arbitrarily located at the end of the elastic half-strip. The coefficients of the canonical equations of the forces method in the Zhemochkin method are based on the previously obtained matrix of vertical displacements of the end points of the elastic half-strip. Three problems for stamps located at the end of an elastic half-strip are considered in the paper. Graphs of the distribution of contact stresses, a plot of bending moments are given and the position of the force causing the translational movement of the stamp located on the edge of the half-strip is determined. The similarity of the obtained is noted with the results for a stamp located on an elastic half-plane.
Features of Nonlinear Calculation of Bending Rods Partially Supported on Elastic Foundation
Authors: Skachok1 P. D.
Published: April 2023

The paper investigates the results of solving spatial contact problems on the free support of bending rods (hereinafter referred to as beams) on elastic quarter-space and octant of space. The objectives of the study include determining the stress state of contact pads, obtaining a picture of the distribution of contact stresses over them, and studying the features that arise when solving these contact problems. The main solution method is the method of B. N. Zhemochkin, based on the discretization of contact areas by replacing a continuous contact with a point one. This approach allows us to reduce the contact problem to the calculation of a statically indeterminate system using well-developed methods of structural mechanics. The mathematical model of the contact problems to be solved is built on the assumption of linear elastic (geometric and physical linearity) work of both the bending element and the elastic foundation. Since in the process of deformation the end sections of the beam element can break away from the support areas, the contact problems to be solved belong to the group of contact problems with a previously unknown contact area. The design schemes of such problems are constructively nonlinear, and their calculation is carried out by iterative methods. Based on the results of solving the considered contact problems, it has been found that with a geometrically symmetrical support of the beam element on the left and right on elastic quarter-spaces (space octants) with equal support areas, but different mechanical characteristics, as well as symmetrical loading, the values of support reactions, considering them as resultants of contact stresses on the left and right contact pads, and the coordinates of the points of their application are not equal to each other. The solution of the contact problem leads to a similar result in the case of a bending beam element resting on the elastic quarter-space on one side, and on the edge of the space octant on the other. In addition, a constant torque appears along the entire length of the beam element, indicating that the beam element is in a torsional transverse bending condition.
Comparative Analysis of Movements of Curved Ultrasonic Instruments
Authors: Lugovoi V. P.
Published: April 2023

The paper presents a theoretical analysis of vibrations of a curvilinear  rod in the form of a loop of low rigidity formed from a quarter of a circle with a constant radius, limited by an angle π/2 < γ < π and two rectilinear rods. It is indicated that in the practice of ultrasonic technology, some types of structures are known in which elastic elements are used as resonators, waveguides, oscillation transformers and instruments for influencing the processed materials. Their use makes it possible to obtain an additional impulse of force in the working area by using the potential energy caused by the action of the elastic properties of such elements. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the theoretical justification of the use of elastic elements in ultrasonic systems. In this regard, the present work is devoted to the theoretical  substantiation of the use of an elastic tool made of a thin rod having the shape of a loop. The diagram and calculation of displacements of the free end of a curved rod under the action of forces directed along the longitudinal axis are given in the paper. It is shown that elastic displacements are caused by a curved shape in the form of an arc of a circle of a curved rod. For comparison, calculation schemes of two types of curved rod with an attached rod are given. In the first case, the free ends of the rectilinear rods, directed vertically downwards, make elastic movements along two coordinates. In the second case, the ends of rectilinear rods directed at a certain angle to the vertical axis and converging at the bottom point due to the symmetry of their location, make vertical movements only along one coordinate. The considered shape of the curved rod can be successfully used as a tool for performing technological tasks in the ultrasonic method of processing holes in brittle materials, spot welding, etc. Such a scheme, in contrast to the traditional ultrasonic treatment scheme based on the use of rectilinear rods, makes it possible to increase the magnitude of the vibration amplitude of the instrument due to elastic displacements of the curved section of the rod of low rigidity. The proposed form will increase the intensity of tool vibrations and increase process productivity and processing accuracy. The resulting calculation formula shows that the amount of elastic displacements of curved rods is affected by the cross-sectional stiffness and the radius of curvature of the curved part, as well as the angle of inclination of the rectilinear rod. The theoretical calculation is supplemented by a comparative experimental study of the Chladni forms for both schemes obtained on the sheet surface using abrasive particles.
Dynamic damage evaluation of lining across the main sliding surface reinforced with multi-anchor round piles under different seismic sequences
Authors: Pai Lifang , Wu Honggang
Published: April 2023

To study the dynamic damage effect of lining across the main-sliding surface reinforced with multi-anchor round piles under different seismic sequences, shaking table test is used for the first time to design two loading sequences of "foreshock-main shock" and "mainshock-aftershock". Based on acceleration, the seismic performance evaluation factor (SPEC) and seismic effect coefficient (Sec) of reinforced lining are proposed. Based on dynamic strain, a calculation method of shear force (Sf) and bending moment (Mb) of multi-anchor round piles is proposed, and the distribution characteristics are given. The evaluation index of reinforcement effect evaluation coefficient (REEC) of reinforced lining is put forward. The results show that the acceleration of the main-aftershock sequence to the multi-anchor round piles is greater than that of the foreshock-main shock sequence. The Sf of pile presents inverted "S" type distribution, while the Mb presents "S" type distribution. Compared with the unoptimized multi-anchor round piles, the seismic effect of Sec and REEC can reach 3.04%-18.96% and 120%-180% respectively. The seismic effect of anchor head optimization is related to seismic sequence, and it is more suitable for seismic structure design of foreshock-main shock sequence. It has great popularization value in tunnel-landslide engineering treatment in high intensity area.
High-efficient biosorbent of Pb2+ derived from the organic frameworks of Cladophora rupestris
Authors: Zhang Lu-sheng , Feng Xiao-yu , Li Ling-sheng , Sun Yu , Tao Xin-yi , Yin Qian , Li Xin-yue , Ma Shi-ying , Cao deju , Liu Zhao-wen
Published: April 2023

This study aims to investigate the Pb2+ adsorption performance of the organic frameworks derived from Cladophora rupestris (CROF). The characterizations of CROF and Pb2+ adsorption process was analysed using SEM-EDS, LPSA, BET, PHPZC, FTIR and XPS. The results was showed that CROF was porous structure, had both macroporous and microporous properties. The particle size is normally distributed with a median diameter of 36.8 µm. PHPZC of CROF was 7.02. The CROF adsorption isotherms and kinetics closely matched Langmuir model and Pseudo-second-order(PSO), respectively, the adsorption behaviors can be classified as monolayer chemical adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) was 15.02 mg/g and 97% of the Pb2+ was adsorbed onto the CROF within 20 min. And the adsorption was exothermic, spontaneous and minimised randomness. Additionally, the biosorbent has outstanding Pb2+adsorption capability due to pore filling, ion exchange, Pb-πinteraction, and surface complexation between nitrogen and oxygen functional groups(OFGs and NFGs). CROF is economical and environmentally friendly and it can be used as an adsorbent to take Pb2+ out from waterbodies.
Complications and Related Risk Factors of Transradial Access Cannulation for Hemodynamic Monitoring in General Surgery： A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Hou Qin , Zhou Bin , He Juanjuan , Chen Xueying , Zuo Yunxia
Published: April 2023

Purpose To examine the short-term complications of arterial cannulation for intraoperative monitoring and their related risk factors.Methods We included adult inpatients (≥ 18 years old) who underwent an initial transradial access (TRA) cannulation and were scheduled for general surgery between April 8 and November 30, 2020. We used 20G arterial puncture needles for puncturing and manual compression for hemostasis. Demographic, clinical, surgical, anesthetic, and laboratory data were extracted from electronic medical records. Vascular, neurologic, and infectious complications of TRA cannulation were recorded and analyzed. Univarable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors related to TRA cannulation for intraoperative monitoring.Results Among 509 included patients, 174 developed TRA cannulation-related complications. Puncture site bleeding/hematoma and median nerve injury were observed in 158 (31.0%) and 16 (3.1%) patients, respectively. No patient developed cannula-related infections. Multivariable regression analysis revealed increased odds of puncture site bleeding/hematoma in women (odds ratio 4.49, 95% CI 2.73–7.36; P < 0.001) and patients who received intraoperative red blood cell (RBC) suspension transfusion ≥ 4U (odds ratio 5.26, 95% CI 1.41–19.57; P = 0.01). No risk factors for nerve injury were identified.Conclusion Bleeding/hematoma was a common complication of TRA cannulation for intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring during general surgery. Median nerve injury may be an underrecognized complication. Female sex and extensive intraoperative RBC transfusion are associated with an increased risk of bleeding/hematoma; however, the risk factors for nerve injury remain unclear.Trial registration The study protocol was registered at https://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1900025140).
The effect of risperidone on behavioral reactions and gene expression of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines in neuropathic pain model induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve in rat
Authors: Lari Mohammad Mehdi Haghighat , Banafshe Hamid Reza , Hosseini Elahe Seyed , Kashani Hamed Haddad
Published: April 2023

Background:
Neuropathic pain is caused by injury or disease that affects the somatosensory system. Management of patients with chronic neuropathic pain remains a challenge Multiple studies have reported the analgesic effects of serotonin receptor antagonists in different experimental pain models. This study aimed to investigate the effect of systemic administration of risperidone on the behavioral score of neuropathic pain in the chronic contraction (CCI) model in rats.
Methods:
Inducing neuropathic pain with the CCI model which causes heat hyperalgesia, heat & mechanical allodynia was performed on rats then in 2 phases risperidone effect was determined. in the acute phase, risperidone 1,2,4 mg was administered for 3 groups half an hour before behavioral tests on the 7th,14th, and 21st day after surgery, and in the chronic phase risperidone 1,2,4 mg was administered for 3 different groups from the 1st to 14th days after surgery than on 14th-day behavioral scores were performed. For gene expression analysis, samples are taken from spinal cord tissues in lumbar segments.
Results:
This study shows chronic administration of risperidone as an antipsychotic drug was effective on heat hyperalgesia & allodynia. However, only the max dosage (4mg) of risperidone showed meaningful improvement in increasing mechanical allodynia. however acute administering of risperidone didn’t show any meaningful changes in behavioral tests on neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve in rats. In addition, gene expression results showed an increase in IL-4 and IL-10 gene expression in the risperidone group compared to the sham group.
Conclusion:
This study suggests the helpful preventive effects of risperidone in developing and increasing neuropathic pain but it doesn’t have any instant effect.
A Study on the Mesoscale Eddies In the Northern Indian Ocean and the Concentration of Its Inner Chlorophyll-a
Authors: Zhao Sicong , Shen Zhichao , Shen Zhou , Zhu Guohao , Ji Fangzheng , Sun Jialong
Published: April 2023

This paper uses the observation data set of the interaction among the atmosphere, ocean, and organisms caused by the global mesoscale eddy and the data of chlorophyll-a in the tertiary sea surface (OC-CCI 5.0 version) to make month-on-month and year-on-year statistical analysis on the life cycle, movement trajectory and generation number of mesoscale eddies in the North Indian Ocean (5°N-30°N, 45°E-100°E) from 2009 to 2019. It also summarizes the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of chlorophyll concentration inside the mesoscale eddies in this sea area and makes a brief analysis accordingly. The analysis results show that the life cycle, spatial distribution, and frequency distribution of the number of cyclone and anticyclone vortices in the North Indian Ocean are relatively consistent, and they all move westward. The average lifespan of the cyclone vortex is 7.94 weeks, slightly longer than that of the anticyclone vortex, which is 7.87 weeks. The monthly average number of cyclone vortices is 9, more than the monthly average number of anticyclone vortices of 8. There are obvious seasonal differences. Cyclonic eddies will increase the sea surface Chl-a concentration, while anticyclonic eddies will reduce the sea surface Chl-a concentration. And the concentration distribution of Chl-a may be affected by the seasonality of mesoscale eddies.
Dual-frequency piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer based on polarization switching in ferroelectric thin film
Authors: Lee Byung Chul , Park Jin Soo , Jung Soo Young , Kim Dong Hun , Park Jung Ho , Jang Ho Won , Kim Tae Geun , Baek Seung-Hyub
Published: April 2023

Dual-frequency ultrasound has advantages over conventional ultrasound, which operates at a specific frequency band, due to its additional frequency response. Moreover, a tunable frequency from a single transducer enables sonographers to achieve ultrasound images with a large detection area and high resolution. This facilitates the availability of more advanced techniques that require low- and high frequency ultrasound simultaneously such as harmonic imaging and image-guided therapy. In this article, we present a novel method for dual-frequency ultrasound generation from a ferroelectric piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (PMUT). Uniformly designed transducer arrays can be used for both deep low-resolution imaging and shallow high-resolution imaging. To switch the ultrasound frequency, the only requirement is to tune a DC bias for controlling the polarization state of the ferroelectric film. Flextensional vibration of the PMUT’s membrane strongly depends on the polarization state, producing low- and high-frequency ultrasound from a single excitation frequency. This strategy for dual-frequency ultrasound dispenses with the requirement for either multi-electrode configurations or hetero-designed elements, which are integrated into an array. Consequently, this technique significantly reduces the design complexity of transducer arrays and their associated driving circuits.
Ameliorative effect of montelukast against STZ induced diabetic nephropathy: targeting HMGB1, TLR4, NF-kB, NLRP3 inflammasome, and autophagy pathways.
Authors: Abdelaziz Rania R. , Awad Ahmed M. , Elshaer Sally L. , Gangaraju Rajashekhar , Nader Manar A.
Published: April 2023

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is reported as one of the most serious microvascular diabetic complications and the trigger of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), underscoring the concern of any therapeutic intervention directed at ameliorating the development and progression of DN. The current study explored the renoprotective impact of montelukast (Mon) against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN in rats compared to a standard anti-hyperglycemic insulin (Ins) treatment. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of STZ (55 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were treated with Mon (10 and 20 mg/kg, oral gavage) for eight weeks. Mon administration for 8 weeks after induction of diabetes conferred significant dose-dependent renoprotection, independent of blood glucose levels (unlike Ins), as evidenced by the improvement in serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and ameliorated STZ-induced renal necrotic, inflammatory alterations, and renal fibrosis. Additionally, Mon treatment in diabetic rats significantly restored redox hemostasis as evidenced by malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels; significantly reduced the renal expression of high mobility group box (HMGB) 1, toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) (in the nucleus), NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing (NLRP) 3, and interleukin (IL) -1β. Moreover, Mon administration ameliorated the dysregulation in autophagy as evidenced by p62 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)-II levels. In conclusion, the renoprotective effect of Mon is potentially associated with its modulatory effect on inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant properties and autophagy.
Hemagglutinin genetic characteristics of the influenza B virus Victoria lineage in Fujian Province from 2015 to 2022，China
Authors: LIN Qi , YAN Yuqing , ZHANG Yanhua , WU Jingjing , Chen Hongbin
Published: April 2023

Objective This study analyzed the molecular characteristics of hemagglutinin(HA) of the influenza B virus (IBV) Victoria lineage in Fujian Province from 2015 to 2022.Methods Fujian flu surveillence data during 2015.1.1-2022.3.31 were collected through China’s Disease Prevention and Control Information System and counted.The strains were obtained from canine kidney passaged cells or chicken embryo culture isolates of influenza-like cases from the 2015–2022 Influenza Network Surveillance System.The virus nucleic acid was extracted, and the HA gene fragment was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced .MEGA5.0, Net NGlyc 1.0 Server software to analyse genetic characteristics.Results From 2015 to 2022, the HA gene of the influenza B virus Victoria lineage in Fujian Province had three nucleotide lengths, 1758 bp、1752 bp and 1749 bp respectively.The HA gene differential loci are mainly involved in the antigenic determinant clusters 120-loop, 150-loop, 160-loop, 190-helix and several receptor binding sites(RBS).145, 166 and 197 glycosylation sites are more diverse relative to other glycosylation sites.Conclusion The variation of the HA gene of influenza B virus Victoria lineage in Fujian Province from 2015 to 2022 is diversifying and the number of variant loci is increasing year by year, and research should continue to be strengthened to provide basic data for the prevention and control of the epidemic in Fujian Province.
Knowledge, Experiences, and Attitude towards Tuberculosis Disease among Clinical and Pre-clinical Medical Students in the West Bank, Palestine: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dukmak Osama N. , Tos Salem M. , Alawi Ranin F. F. , Farhat Walaa K. Y. , Asad Diya M. , Elqadi Muawiyah
Published: April 2023

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common causes of mortality worldwide. The global tuberculosis report in 2020 states that TB remains a major public health problem. Even though the incidence of TB in Palestine has fluctuated recently, medical students' training and education about TB are necessary to perform effective clinical practice and to control the disease appropriately in the future. This study aims to assess the experiences, knowledge, and awareness toward TB among medical students in the West Bank, Palestine, and to compare the level of knowledge among clinical and pre-clinical medical students.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on medical students at two Palestinian medical schools. The students were enrolled voluntarily and were administered a well-structured electronic questionnaire analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 after ethical approval was given.Results A total of 383 students participated in the study and were divided into two groups, pre-clinical 252 (65.8%) and clinical 131 (34.2%). Most (89.1%) had never seen TB in clinical practice, and two-thirds (66.8%) considered themselves ignorant about TB. Although BCG vaccination is mandatory in Palestine, only 36.6% of medical students believed that they were vaccinated with BCG. Only 4.4% and 20.6% of clinical students had performed a Mantoux test and observed at least one X-ray of a TB case, respectively. The year of study was associated with students’ knowledge of TB (P > 0.05). 76.3% of clinical and 25.6% of preclinical sd that a positive Mantoux test doesn’t mean a definite TB infection and about 77.1% of clinical and 31.7% of preclinical perceived that Penicillin G is not useful for TB treatment. Medical students had poor knowledge about the prophylactic treatment of TB (9.9%) and the prevalence of TB disease in Palestine (12.5%).Conclusion Clinical students significantly had better knowledge than pre-clinical. The study showed limited experience, awareness, and knowledge regarding TB among medical students. The findings suggest that more effort is needed to improve medical students' knowledge regarding TB disease.
Adequacy of an automatic tool to select and stratify chronic complex patients with multiple unplanned visits to the emergency department
Authors: Abadías María José , Giménez Emmanuel , San-José Antonio , Losada Marta , Acezat Jordi , Ibañez Jordi , Marte Luis , Berrecheguren Miriam , Mendez Ana , Aguayo Marta , Ramos Rosa
Published: April 2023

Background: Unplanned emergency department visits are an ongoing challenge, since the patients are increasingly ageing, chronic, complex, frail and multimorbid. The aim is to demonstrate the feasibility of establishing a proactive intervention to detect and distribute complex, chronic, unplanned multiple emergency department patients, tailored to the patient's needs.
Methods: Prospective study to evaluate the intervention, which is divided into the following drivers: automated pre-selection sent lists, a specific experienced multiple frequent case-manager nurse, and a 3-level territorial derivation consensus protocol. Chronic complex patients presenting two or more times in the last six months to a tertiary hospital emergency department for COPD or HF. Analysis of the percentage of patients well selected by the three drivers, and their corresponding characterisation by the three levels of care to which they are referred: primary, intermediate and specialist care. Number of visits six months before and after referral.
Results: 368 patients were selected; the 85% were well selected. The patients' age, frailty, home care percentage, Barthel index and cognition are progressively consistent with the three levels of care of referral according to previously defined and consensus criteria. The intervention achieves lowering participant visits: 3.1 before (SD = 2.42) versus 1.6 after (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: An automated selection, plus a territorial protocol consensus of circuits and clinical profiles, together with the autonomous assessment of a multiple case-managing nurse, achieves in a proactive and simple manner, a better and adapted distribution of patients in coherent care levels institutions, regarding their socio-health needs.
Concordance between Virtual Physician advice and subsequent health service utilization for callers to a nurse-managed provincial health information telephone service: a time-to-event analysis
Authors: Duncan Ross , Stewart Kurtis , Scheuermeyer Frank X. , Abu-Laban Riyad B. , Ho Kendall , Lavallee Danielle , Christenson Jim , Wood Nancy , Bryan Stirling , Hedden Lindsay
Published: April 2023

Background: British Columbia 8-1-1 callers who are advised by a nurse to seek urgent medical care can be referred to virtual physicians (VPs) for supplemental assessment and advice. Prior research indicates callers’ subsequent health service use may diverge from VP advice. We sought to 1) estimate concordance between VP advice and subsequent health service use, and 2) identify factors associated with concordance to understand potential drivers of discordant cases.Methods: We linked relevant provincial administrative databases to obtain inpatient, outpatient, and emergency service use by callers. We developed operational definitions of concordance collaboratively with researcher, patient, VP, and management perspectives. We used Kaplan-Meier curves to describe health service use post-VP consultation and Cox regression to estimate the association of caller factors (rurality, demography, attachment to primary care) and call factors (reason, triage level, time of day) with concordance as hazard ratios.Results: We analyzed 17,188 calls from November 16, 2020 to April 30, 2021. Callers advised to attend an emergency department (ED) immediately were the most concordant (73%) while concordance was lowest for those advised to seek Family Physician (FP) care either immediately (41%) or within 7 days (47%). Callers unattached to FPs were less likely to schedule an FP visit (hazard ratio = 0.76 [95%CI: 0.68–0.85]). Rural callers were less likely to attend an ED within 48 hours when advised to go immediately (0.53 [95%CI:0.46–0.61]) compared to urban callers. Rural callers advised to see an FP, either immediately (1.28 [95%CI:1.01–1.62]) or within 7 days (1.23 [95%CI: 1.11–1.37]), were more likely to do so than urban callers.Interpretation: Concordance between VP advice and subsequent caller health service use varies substantially by category of advice and caller rurality. Concordance with advice to “Go to ED” is high overall but to access primary care is below 50%, suggesting potential issues with timely access to FP care. Future research from a patient/caller centered perspective may reveal additional barriers and facilitators to concordance.
Dysregulated long non coding RNA as biomarkers for diagnosis of Mesothelioma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Elkahwagy Dina M. , Kiriacos Caroline Joseph , Mansour Manar
Published: April 2023

Background:Malignant Mesothelioma is a rare and fatal cancer caused by uncontrolled growth and proliferation of pleural mesothelial cells and it is frequently diagnosed late. Furthermore, diagnosis can be difficult, which provides incentive for the investigation of new methods of diagnosis. Biomarkers are biological indicators of a biological state or disease. lncRNA have been found to be linked to the progression of mesothelioma. LncRNAs were discovered to be expressed differently across tissues and conditions, which suggests potential as biomarkers.Aim:we discuss the potential in using lncRNA as biomarkers in Mesothelioma, emphasizing on specific lncRNA that have already been explored and to clarify their diagnostic value. In order to narrow down all lncRNA markers investigated for mesothelioma, we conducted a systematic review of the literature on the subject.Methods:Searches were conducted through four databases (Pubmed, JStor, Mdpi and Sciencedirect) for articles in time frame between 2010 and 2022. The search criteria based on the keywords: “Mesothelioma”, “lncRNA” or “Long non coding RNA”. The study was evaluated by 2 researches independently. Screening of 1141 articles, only 3 articles were included for fulfilling the criteria. Quality Assessment was carried using Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS)-2Results:Three studies analyzed and confirmed the expression and diagnostic value of 4 lncRNAs (GAS5, lncRNA‐RP1‐86D1.3, SNHG8, POT1-AS1) by RT-qPCR in 96 patients of various ethnic backgrounds and gender groups.Conclusion:The present studies hold promise for LncRNAs as novel diagnostic markers for pleural mesothelioma. However, larger sample size and more standardized protocols are required for validation.
Comparison of Postural Sway in Individuals with and without Dynamic Knee Valgus
Authors: Karimi Kimia , Seidi Foad , Mousavi Seyed Hamed , Alghosi Mohammad , Morad Nafiseh Homaie
Published: April 2023

Background: Dynamic knee valgus (DKV) is a multi-planar faulty movement pattern that can cause faulty postural control. This study aimed to compare individuals with and without DKV aged 18–30 years old in terms of postural sway (PS).
Methods: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 62 individuals with (33) and without (29) DKV were selected and assigned to two groups by conducting the single-leg squat test in the screening stage. The Biodex balance system was then employed to compare the two groups in PS. Mann–Whitney U test was conducted to compare the groups in PS. The statistical significance was set at an alpha of p ≤ 0.05.
Results: The result showed that there were no significant differences between individuals with and without DKV in terms of the anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and overall stability indices (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Apparently, there are no significant differences between individuals with and without DKV in PS due to several possible factors including differences in the measurement tools for postural control, the sensitivity of variables in the postural stability test, and the movement variability and postural stability test (single-leg stance versus double-leg stance). Therefore, it is suggested that future studies should analyze PS in more functional tasks by changing the methodological patterns.
Identification of A Novel Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs for the Prognostic and Immune Landscape in Wilms Tumor
Authors: Li Yadong , Xie Siqi , Wang Song , Li Yi , Zhang Bing , Cheng Feng , Fang Yifan
Published: April 2023

Background In contrast to all other known kinds of regulated cell death, cuproptosis is a unique copper-dependent cell death pathway that has a close connection to mitochondria and metabolism. The pathogenesis of Wilms tumor (WT), a common pediatric abdominal tumor, has yet to be fully defined. Besides, previous studies on lncRNAs related to Cuproptosis in WT and the connection between Wilms tumor, the microenvironment, and cuproptosis are still scarce.Results Our results show that Individuals with WT and high-risk group identified utilizing the signature were related to poorer survival outcomes. The study revealed that high-risk group had a worse prognosis (P < 0.001) in contrast with the group of low-risk. The risk score AUC for this signature was 0.818, which was higher than the risk score for age (0.524), sex (0.580), race (0.489), stage (0.673) and the modeling of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (0.775). Individuals in the group of low-risk had an elevated TIDE scores ratio and were more sensitive to 13 drugs, including BI-2536, EX-527, IspinesibMesylate, KIN001-135, etc.Conclusions Our model can precisely predict the WT patients' prognosis and differentiate between low- and high-risk WT patients. It is hoped that this study will give a novel method for clinical prognosis and appropriate WT patients therapy.
Discovery of extracellular vesicle-delivered miR-185-5p in the plasma of patients as an indicator for advanced adenoma and colorectal cancer
Authors: Shi Yunjie , Fang Yunxiang , Tian Tongguan , Chen Weiping , Sun Qiang , Guo Fangqi , Gong Piqing , Li Chunmei , Wang Hao , Hu Zhiqian , Li Xinxing
Published: April 2023

Background: We aimed to evaluate whether extracellular vesicles (EV)-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as biomarkers for advanced adenoma (AA) and colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: We detected the changes in the plasma EV-delivered miRNA profiles in healthy donor (HD), AA patient, and I-II stage CRC patient groups using RNA deep sequencing assay. We performed the TaqMan miRNA assay using 173 plasma samples (two independent cohorts) from HDs, AA patients, and CRC patients to identify the candidate miRNA(s). The accuracy of candidate miRNA(s) in diagnosing AA and CRC was determined using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) values. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association of candidate miRNA(s) as an independent factor for the diagnosis of AA and CRC. The role of candidate miRNA(s) in the malignant progression of CRC was explored using functional assays.
Results: We screened and identified four prospective EV-delivered miRNAs, including miR-185-5p, which were significantly upregulated or downregulated in AA vs. HD and CRC vs. AA groups. In two independent cohorts, miR-185-5p was the best potential biomarker with the AUCs of 0.737 (Cohort I) and 0.720 (Cohort II) for AA vs. HD diagnosis, 0.887 (Cohort I) and 0.803 (Cohort II) for CRC vs. HD diagnosis, and 0.700 (Cohort I) and 0.631 (Cohort II) for CRC vs. AA diagnosis. Finally, we demonstrated that the upregulated expression of miR-185-5p promoted the malignant progression of CRC.
Conclusion: EV-delivered miR-185-5p in the plasma of patients is a promising diagnostic biomarker for colorectal AA and CRC.
Trial registration: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, China (Ethics No. 2022SL005, Registration No. of China Clinical Trial Registration Center: ChiCTR220061592).
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Experience : A Retrospective analysis from largest center of India’s largest state
Authors: Jasuja Sandeep kumar , kumar Mukesh , Mittal Aditi , Goyal Krutika , Krishan Ram , Mittal Lalchand , Hooda Linu
Published: April 2023

Objective: The present study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with malignant and non-malignant disorders who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at largest public Hospital of Rajasthan, India.
Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at the Department of Medical oncology & Stem cell transplant, SMS hospital, Jaipur, India. The study included patients of either sex who had underwent any type of Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation during 2009 to June 2021. Data collected for retrospective observational analysis included demographic and clinical details including age, sex, clinical diagnosis, type of transplant, time of transplant, treatment regimen, status at transplant, acute/chronic GVHD, date of discharge/last follow-up/death, clinical outcome, and cause of death.
Results: Total of 100 patients which underwent HSCT from initiation of transplant in 2009 at our Center to June 2021 were included (mean age: 29.9 years). Out of 100 patients, 49% of patients underwent autologous transplantation, while 51% underwent allogeneic transplantation during this period. Out of 51% of patients which underwent allogeneic transplant, 17.6% were haploidentical stem cell transplant. The most common malignancies for which patients underwent HSCT at our center was multiple myeloma (29.0%), followed by aplastic anemia (24.0%), and Hodgkin’s lymphoma (12.0%). Other diseases for which patients underwent HSCT at our center are Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, amyloidosis, multiple sclerosis, Thalassemia, germ cell tumor, chronic myeloid leukemia, Acute Myeloid leukemia, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Neuroblastoma, dyskeratosis congenita ,primary CNS lymphoma and congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 2.Majority of patients which underwent stem cell transplant were in complete remission (82%) at the time of transplant. Acute graft versus host disease (GvHD) was observed in 80% of patients while 11.8% of patients reported chronic GvHD in allogeneic Hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Total of 84 patients survived while 16 patients died post-transplant. Majority of patients died due to infection (60.0%) and GvHD (20.0%). The overall mean survival time was 1540 days at the time of data analysis. The mean survival time in patients with allogenic transplants was significantly higher than those with autologous transplant (1907.2 vs. 452.3 days; p=0.042).
Conclusion: With overall higher survival rate and overall mean survival of more than four years, HSCT in Indian settings may be considered as a promising treatment for patients with benign or malignant diseases.
Title: Prevalence，Distribution Characteristic and Risk Factors of Lumbar Vertebral Axial rotation in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation：A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhao Shixian , Yao Zhou , Wang Qiushi , Huang Peipei , Tu Zhipeng , Xie Fang , Ye Bin , Ma Yachao , Wang Zhe , Luo Zhuojing , Hu Xueyu
Published: April 2023

Disc herniation have shown confirmed biomechanical influence on close neighboring vertebrae but the impact on distant neighboring vertebrae remains unknown. After matching age and gender at a single site, we retrospectively evaluated 516 patients with lumbar disc herniation(LDH group)and an equal number of healthy people༈Control group༉to determine the effect of disc herniation on vertebral axial rotation (VAR) in lumbar spine, and explore potential risk factors for VAR in patients with (LDH). Each lumbar spine vertebra's degree of axial rotation was evaluated using the Nash-Moe index. The prevalence of VAR of lumbar spine is greater in LDH group than in Control group (65.7% vs 46.7%, P༜0.001). L2 vertebra in LDH group had the highest frequency of VAR (49.5%), followed by L1(45.1%), and from L3 to L5༈33.6%,8.9%,3.1%༉. The Control group also displayed a similar pattern (L2,39.8%; L1,34.6%; L3,23.2%; L4,3.1%; L5,0.8%). Disc herniation was associated with a higher incidence of VAR in both close and distant neighboring vertebrae. Multivariate analysis showed that age is an independent risk factor for VAR, (OR = 1.245, 95% CI [1.111,1.394], P༜0.001), while symptoms duration and back pain not.