bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plagiarism Software is a Creator or Destroyer for Effective Writing
Authors: A. Subaveerapandiyan
Published: March 2022

Plagiarism is malpractice, the fabrication of others’ “ideas or work” published without the proper permission or citation of the original contributors. Plagiarism is detected through different software, i.e., Turnitin, before publishing any research data. The present survey study assesses whether academicians, researchers, and scholars around the world perceive this software as a creator or destroyer of new thoughts and ideas. A survey of this research data was conducted with academicians, researchers, and scholars around the globe. The number of respondents is 1100, including 688 teaching professionals, 347 non-teaching, and 65 others. The present study finds that 82.7 per cent of research professionals mentioned that plagiarism could be appropriately citable. 76.7 per cent suggested that plagiarism can be completely avoidable, and 72.4 per cent has been proposed to be punishable. The study also described that plagiarism software is a good, efficient, and effective creator for new ideas.
Data Capital A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ramadhan Arief
Published: March 2022

Data capital is one of the newly emerging concepts in information technology. It emerged in early 2015, and currently, we have an opportunity to explore it in more detail. Data capital is a way to treat data as an asset that is used to increase revenue, gain profit or generate new income. There has never been a proper review of data capital. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a systematic literature review of academic articles on data capital. We use the Kitchenham method and combine it with the narrative synthesis as prescribed by Cochrane. The obtained results show that there is still very limited academic research related to the concept of data capital. The reviewed articles focus on five issues, i.e., ethical, legal, infrastructure, data capital application, and data capital conceptualisation. This study is the first attempt to conduct a detailed systematic literature review in the data capital context. It provides a broad insight into data capital. It improves our understanding of how data capital is currently developing, why it is important, and the impact of data capital incorporation. Any issues that have been researched in the data capital context are also revealed in this study including the type of research performed, approach used, and method chosen. These insights will encourage other researchers to delve into data capital research.
Understanding Users Attitude towards Information Technology Application in University Libraries
Authors: Singh Tarvinder , Singh Jagtar
Published: March 2022

In the present study, researchers aim to understand the attitude of users towards information technology application in two university libraries of north India, namely Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla and Panjabi University, Patiala. Survey method of research was used to collect data from the users. The sample consisted of 391 users, which included PG Students, Research Scholars and Faculty Members in the Faculties of Social Sciences and Sciences in both the universities. The data were collected through structured questionnaires and further analysed using the Chi-Square test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The data analysis and discussion reveals that despite a few number of library users being involved in the decision-making of IT application in libraries and availability of few training programmes on the know-how of IT systems, a positive attitude towards information technology application prevails among the library users in both the university libraries. In the end, some key recommendations are presented for deriving more benefits from future IT initiatives in libraries.
The Effect of Traffic Levels on the Distribution and Behaviour of Calving Caribou in an Arctic Oilfield
Authors: Prichard Alexander K. , Welch Joseph H. , Lawhead Brian E.
Published: March 2022

Caribou are the most abundant large terrestrial mammals in Arctic Alaska, providing important cultural and subsistence resource values for local communities. As oil and gas development expands across the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska, understanding the potential impacts on caribou and improving associated mitigation measures are a crucial focus of applied research. One consistently observed impact in northern Alaska is displacement of maternal caribou within 2 – 5 km of active oilfield roads and gravel pads for a period of 2 – 3 weeks during and immediately after calving. A potential mitigation measure to address calving displacement is convoying of traffic to reduce traffic frequency and vehicle-related disturbance on roads in calving areas. We conducted frequent road and aerial surveys of caribou near two oilfield roads, one with convoying and one without, over a 3-year period during the precalving, calving, and postcalving periods to evaluate the effectiveness of traffic convoying. Road surveys indicated that caribou closer to the roads and groups with calves exhibited more frequent and stronger behavioural reactions in response to traffic, and that moderate or strong reactions to traffic, such as standing up and walking or running away, were more frequent near the road with convoying than near the road with unlimited traffic. Aerial survey results indicated some avoidance of areas up to at least 2 km from the road with convoying and 4 km from the road without convoying by caribou groups with calves. This relationship was present even after adjusting for other factors affecting distribution. This avoidance of roads by maternal caribou was limited to the calving period and was not evident during the precalving or postcalving periods. In addition, an inactive elevated terrestrial drilling platform was present on the calving grounds during one year, but we found no evidence of caribou avoidance of that structure during calving at our scale of analysis.
As políticas públicas estatais e o campo da educação a distância: Disputas e perspectivas em torno da qualidade
Authors: Oliveira João Ferreira , Lima Daniela Costa Britto Pereira
Published: March 2022

Este texto analisa a relação entre as políticas públicas estatais e a formação do campo da educação a distância (EaD) no Brasil, destacando as disputas e perspectivas em torno de sua conceitualização e qualidade. Tem por base pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, bem como o exame de indicadores significativos da EaD. Examina a base legal que vem sendo produzida para a regulamentação da modalidade e defende a regulação e a expansão da educação superior de qualidade acadêmica e social, que inclua uma EaD pública, gratuita e inclusiva, baseada nos mesmos parâmetros. Conclui que, além da formação e consolidação desse novo campo, que possui habitus, agentes e disputas específicos, atualmente há embates em torno de sua flexibilização, (des)regulação, autorregulação competitiva, conceituação e qualidade acadêmica e social, que têm favorecido o setor privado mercantil.
(Des)estruturação da carreira docente nas universidades federais
Authors: Rocha Francilene Macedo , Melo Savana Diniz Gomes , Silva Rafaela Campos Duarte
Published: March 2022

O artigo é fruto de pesquisas voltadas ao estudo da Educação Superior no Brasil. O recorte do artigo recai sobre a carreira dos docentes do magistério superior das universidades federais, com o objetivo de identificar e analisar o significado das alterações processadas no período de 2012 a 2018. O ponto de partida do estudo é o ano de 2012, devido à deflagração de uma grande greve nacional dos docentes dessas instituições, em que uma das reivindicações foi a carreira única. Tal greve perdurou por 120 dias e seu desfecho foi conflituoso com aprovação de um novo plano de carreira docente contrário as reivindicações da categoria. O estudo é pautado em pesquisa documental com análise de legislações, documentos oficiais e publicações do Sindicato Nacional dos Docentes das Instituições de Ensino Superior. O estudo evidencia a desestruturação da carreira docente das universidades federais ao longo da década de 1990 e seu aprofundamento a partir de 2012, em consonância com a reforma empresarial da educação superior empreendida no país, no período. Aponta, também, que essa situação tende a se agravar com as medidas em curso, que visam consolidar o novo modelo de universidade gerida por organizações sociais.
Tmavě modrozelená je nová černá aneb Neologismy v popiscích pořadů na streamovací platformě Netflix
Authors: Lišková Michaela
Published: March 2022

Článek se zabývá neologismy v popiscích pořadů z let 2011–2021 na streamovací platformě Netflix. Neologismy byly určeny na základě lexikografického kritéria (nepřítomnost ve slovnících). Vyexcerpované jednotky byly následně zařazeny do jedné ze tří skupin: 1. pojmenování nového myšlenkového obsahu novou formou (biohacker, fo, morčauta), 2. pojmenování nového obsahu s využitím stávající formy – jednoslovné výrazy (koronavirus, sólista, margaritový), sousloví (bílá privilegia) a frazémy (být nová černá), 3. nové pojmenování již dříve pojmenovaného obsahu (hyeňák). Tematicky se nová slova rekrutují z oblasti gastronomie, nových technologií nebo sociálních sítí a internetu. Významnou roli ve sledované nové slovní zásobě hraje angličtina (přejímky, anglosémantismy). Pro další neologické bádání by były přínosem aktuální lexikony současné češtiny.
Developing Online Czech Proofreader Tool: Achievements, Limitations and Pitfalls
Authors: Hlaváčková Dana , Žižková Hana , Dvořáková Klára , Pravdová Martkéta
Published: March 2022

This paper deals with achievements, limitations and pitfalls of developing the Online Czech Proofreader Tool (OCPT). The Tool has been developed in cooperation with the Department of Czech language of the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University, the Institute of Theoretical and Computational Linguistics of the Faculty of Arts of Charles University, the Czech Language Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Seznam.cz since 2019. The article describes the linguistic data used and tools and modules that constitute the OCPT and indicates the limitations of using an online web-based proofreader tool, especially in areas where mere application of formal rules for language error detection is not sufficient. The article also brings up the drawbacks of developing the OCPT which include occurrence of false-positives.
Long-Term Outcome of Hemimasticatory Spasm
Authors: Ray Somdattaa , Kamble Nitish , Yadav Ravi , Pal Pramod Kumar
Published: March 2022

Objective This study aims to identify the demographic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics of four patients with hemimasticatory spasm (HMS) seen in our outpatient department over a period of 20 years.Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of four patients with HMS who visited outpatient services in the Department of Neurology from 2001 to 2020.Results The follow-up for all patients ranged from 2 years to 9 years. Three patients had facial or bucco-oral morphea. Two patients maintained long-term improvements in symptoms after being treated with botulinum toxin for 4–7 years, while one patient reported improvement in symptoms with treatment of carbamazepine that subsequently remitted after pregnancy.Conclusion This report highlights the long-term outcome of HMS in our patients. Our patients reported a significant reduction or complete resolution of symptoms after treatment, and eventually, two patients were asymptomatic while off treatment.
Quality of cold-pressed murici juice subjected to different concentrations of ascorbic acid
Authors: Gomes Nayane Rosa , Soares Pierre Bianca , Rosa de Almeida Renato , Ascari Morgado Cristiane Maria , Cunha Junior Luis Carlos , De Campos André José
Published: March 2022

Murici (Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth) belongs to the Malpighiaceae family and is a typical fruit of the Cerrado. Its consumption occurs by local populations, both fresh and processed, such as juices, liqueurs, ice cream, jellies, yogurt, bread, and cakes. In this sense, this study aimed to assess different concentrations of ascorbic acid added to cold-pressed murici juice for the preservation of physical-chemical and bioactive characteristics. The juice was assessed for soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, ascorbic acid and total extractable polyphenols. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 7 factorial scheme (three concentrations of ascorbic acid × seven days of analysis) to assess three concentrations of ascorbic acid in the preservation of cold-pressed juice (0, 1, and 2%) and seven days of analysis (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days), with four replications. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (P<0.05) and, when significant, the regression analysis was performed. The concentration of 2% ascorbic acid was the most suitable for cold-pressed juice mainly because it maintains the acceptability characteristics of this product.
Higher fractional differentiability for solutions to a class of obstacle problems with non-standard growth conditions
Authors: Grimaldi Antonio Giuseppe , Ipocoana Erica
Published: March 2022

We here establish the higher fractional differentiability for solutions to a class of obstacle problems with non-standard growth conditions.
We deal with the case in which the solutions to the obstacle problems satisfy a variational inequality of the form

∫
Ω

⟨

A
⁢

(
x
,

D
⁢
u

)

,

D
⁢

(

φ
-
u

)

⟩

⁢

d
x

≥
0

 

for all

⁢
φ

∈

K
ψ

⁢

(
Ω
)

,

\int_{\Omega}\langle\mathcal{A}(x,Du),D(\varphi-u)\rangle\,dx\geq 0\quad\text{for all}\ \varphi\in\mathcal{K}_{\psi}(\Omega),

where Ω is a bounded open subset of

R
n

\mathbb{R}^{n}

,

ψ
∈

W

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

\psi\in W^{1,p}(\Omega)

is a fixed function called obstacle and

K
ψ

⁢

(
Ω
)

=

{

w
∈

W

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

:

w
≥

ψ

⁢

a.e. in

⁢
Ω

}

\mathcal{K}_{\psi}(\Omega)=\{w\in W^{1,p}(\Omega):w\geq\psi\ \text{a.e. in}\ \Omega\}

is the class of admissible functions.
Assuming that the gradient of the obstacle belongs to some suitable Besov space, we are able to prove that some fractional differentiability property transfers to the gradient of the solution.
Understanding the Role of Perceptions in Opportunity Evaluation: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Bylund Per L. , Malone Trey
Published: March 2022

We construct a discrete choice experiment to study opportunity evaluation by entrepreneurs. This new method in entrepreneurship studies allows us to measure entrepreneurs’ utility functions and thereby their perceptions of opportunity. Consequently, we produce empirical evidence for how entrepreneurs evaluate opportunities beyond the objective facts and find two types of entrepreneurs with different evaluative behavior that cannot be explained by situational or demographic differences. We contribute to the opportunity evaluation literature by measuring perceptions, provide theoretical argument and present empirical evidence for heterogeneity among entrepreneurs, and introduce new methods that allow for more nuanced empirical analyses of entrepreneurial decision-making.
Textile UWB antenna performance for healthcare monitoring system
Authors: Subbian Parameswari , Chinnasamy Chitra , Suriyan Kannadhasan
Published: March 2022

A unique metamaterial-based UWB band notched textile antenna for Body Area Network (BAN) is created in this paper, with an operational frequency range of 3–11 GHz, spanning the Ultra Wide Band (UWB) band (3.1–10.6 GHz). Using the textile material Jeans, which has a permittivity of 1.67, the antenna’s size is lowered. To enhance the impedance bandwidth, the ground plane is made of partially conductive material and is rectangular. The hexagonal slot is used to increase the electric field dispersion along the borders of the hexagonal slot, which improves bandwidth. The gain of the UWB of the antenna maximum is obtained at 7.52 dB and minimum is obtained at 5.25 dB. The VSWR of the UWB of the antenna maximum is obtained at 1.92 and minimum is obtained at 1.45. The fabrication uses a Denim substrate with a thickness of 1 mm and a microstrip feed. The designed antenna is investigated for its return loss and gain characteristics.
TOPFLOW – a new multipurpose thermalhydraulic test facility for the investigation of steady state and transient two phase flow phenomena
Authors: Schaffrath A. , Krüssenberg A.-K. , Weiß F.-P. , Hicken E. F. , Beyer M. , Carl H. , Prasser H.-M. , Schuster J. , Schütz P. , Tamme M. , Zimmermann W.
Published: March 2022

The Forschungszentrum Rossendorf (FZR) e. V is constructing a new large-scale test facility, TOPFLOW, for thermalhydraulic single effect tests. The acronym stands for Transient Two Phase Flow Test Facility. It will mainly be used for the investigation of generic and applied steady state and transient two phase flow phenomena and the development and validation of models of Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Codes.
Generic evaluation of operating experience with regard to the ageing behaviour of passive mechanical components in nuclear power plants
Authors: Michel F. , Reck H. , Schulz H.
Published: March 2022

Since the mid-90s, GRS has been dealing systematically with the assessment of the influences of ageing on the safety of nuclear power plants. This also involves the generic evaluation of operating experience. In the following, the procedure, methodological approaches and relevant results are presented in an exemplary manner for passive mechanical components. The results show that the number of events influenced by ageing phenomena that have so far occurred in German plants is low and that measures were taken where necessary to detect, monitor and control any changes due to ageing. As new insights may emerge over time concerning the assessment of the ageing behaviour of the components, it is considered necessary to continue with the ongoing generic evaluation of operating experience in order to obtain timely indications of any safety-relevant changes.
The role of PLiM technologies in CANDU TM ongoing aging management, life extension, and new designs
Authors: Shalaby B. , Nickerson J. H. , Dam R. F. , Lee N.
Published: March 2022

This paper will discuss AECL’s approach in providing a comprehensive “full knowledge” support to plant ageing and ageing management. This requires the integration of research and development into safety, design, and service areas of the company. The paper will also explore how this integration is being accomplished through the initiatives of the PLiM program. The paper will examine several examples of how AECL is developing its understanding of ageing degradation, the engineered solutions, applying those solutions, improving those solutions, and finally incorporating these solutions into both the PLiM program and into new designs.
Framatome ANP GmbH Concept of Plant Life Management (PLIM)
Authors: Däuwel W. , Biemann W. , Danisch R. , Kastner B. , Meyer W. , Nopper H. , Waas U. , Warnken L.
Published: March 2022

The deregulation of the power generation industry has resulted in increased competitive pressure and is forcing operators to improve plant operating economy while maintaining high levels of plant safety. A key factor to meeting this challenge is to apply a comprehensive plant life management (PLIM) approach which addresses all relevant ageing and degradation mechanisms regarding the safety concept, plant component structures and documentation, plant personnel, consumables, operations management system and administrative controls. For this reason, Framatome ANP GmbH has developed an integrated PLIM concept applicable for both new and operating plants and focusing on the safety concept, plant component structures and documentation.
Clinical value of SIRT1 as a prognostic biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, a systematic meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yu-ling , Chen Pei , Guo Ying , Zhang Yan-jun
Published: March 2022

Several studies reported that the expression of SIRT1 was associated with the clinical features of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the function remains inconsistent. We conducted this study to illustrate the clinical value of SIRT1 expression in the early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis of ESCC. In this study, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched by two independent researchers and STATA14.0 software was used to conduct meta-analysis. The odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to estimate the pooled effect. Egger’s test and Begg’s funnel were used to assess publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the reliability and stability of meta-analysis results. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, six studies were enrolled, including 811 cases of ESCC. Results of the meta-analysis indicated that SIRT1 was overexpressed in ESCC and the SIRT1 expression was closely related to the clinicopathological features of ESCC, such as tumor infiltration, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and lymph node metastasis. In the survival analysis, high expression of SIRT1 represented a poor prognosis in ESCC patients. Our study demonstrated that SIRT1 was overexpressed in ESCC, and it might be a potential biomarker for progress of ESCC.
Hinweise auf Gott
Authors: Heinrich-Ramharter Esther
Published: March 2022

References to God. Some Remarks by Wittgenstein on Religion in the Years 1949 – 51. After a brief overview of Wittgenstein's stock of remarks on the subject of religion from 1949 – 1951, this article will focus on two particular points: (1) supposedly nonsensical conceptions of God, for instance in the context of proofs of God, (2) definitions of the term ”God” by hinting at something. Connections between (1) and (2) both systematically and exegetically within the framework of Wittgenstein's remarks are made.

Ich danke Anja Weiberg für sehr hilfreiche Kommentare.
St Augustine and All That: Remarks on the beginning of Philosophical Investigations
Authors: Schulte Joachim
Published: March 2022

One way of identifying the beginning of the Investigations is by deciding to regard remark 1, and hence neither the motto nor the Preface but the famous quotation from Augustine, as the real starting point of Wittgenstein’s reflections as developed in this book. One point implicit in this decision is that the notion of a language-game is placed in the foreground of Wittgenstein’s discussion. In a way, the language-game of the builders (2) is Wittgenstein’s paradigm of a language-game – but why is it treated differently from the shopkeeper scene (last paragraph of remark 1) in the sense that the latter is not given a separate number? This question appears particularly urgent in view of the fact that in earlier manuscript versions of the Investigations Wittgenstein did allot a separate number to the shopkeeper scene. Towards the end of this paper I make an attempt to answer that question. But in order to get down to this a number of additional questions are raised focussing on Wittgenstein’s use of central terms like “game” (Spiel), “operate”, “sample” (Muster) and drawing on distinctions elaborated in the literature, such as Benacerraf’s distinction between “transitive” and “intransitive” kinds of counting. This reading of the beginning of the Investigations is impregnated with the conviction that later parts of the book can fruitfully be seen as growing out of the remarks immediately following the quotation from Augustine.
On the concept of childhood in Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations
Authors: Franken Figueiredo Florian
Published: March 2022

In the sparse literature that is concerned with Wittgenstein’s views regarding children and childhood, in his later work, it is often suggested that Wittgenstein presents, or at least is committed to, a romantic notion of the child according to which children should be conceived of as innocent beings who are ontologically different from adults. In this paper I argue that Wittgenstein’s remarks do not support such an interpretation. First, I investigate the arguments for this view presented by Stanley Cavell, Yasushi Maruyama, and Philip Shields. Second, I consider an anti-essentialist understanding of Wittgenstein’s concept of childhood that has been suggested in opposition to the treatment of the child as the ‘ontological other’ and argue that Wittgenstein refers to the child as intermediate link with which to state grammatical facts. In contrast to these various views, I hold, third, that the PI is committed to a strong and substantial concept of childhood. I argue for this claim on the basis of (i) the ‘Motto’ of the PI; (ii) Wittgenstein’s reference to the philosopher Augustine; and (iii) the use of ‘primitive’. I conclude that Wittgenstein’s concept of childhood in his later works neither romanticises nor dispraises the child as the ‘ontological other’.
Effect of boric acid treatment on decay resistance and mechanical properties of poplar wood
Authors: Hosseini Hashemi Seyyed Khalil , Latibari Ahmad Jahan , Khademi-Eslam Habibolah , Alamuti Reza Faraji
Published: March 2022

This study was performed to determine the effect of boric acid treatment upon the decay resistance and mechanical properties of poplar wood. Test specimens were prepared from poplar wood (Populus nigra L.) to meet ASTM D 143-94 and BS 838:1961 requirements. Samples were impregnated with boric acid solution (0.5, 1, and 2% w/w in distilled water) and by a long-term (21 days) dipping technique to reach complete saturation. Impregnated specimens were exposed to rainbow white-rot fungus (Trametes versicolor) for 14 weeks according to BS 838:1961 as applied by the kolle-flask method. The weight loss, compression strength parallel to the grain, and Brinell hardness were determined after impregnation and exposure to white-rot fungus. The highest weight loss (28.60%) was observed for untreated control samples and the lowest (0.63%) occurred in samples treated with 2% boric acid solution. The highest compression strength parallel to the grain was noted in samples treated with 0.5% boric acid and decayed (22.59 MPa) and the lowest compression strength parallel to the grain was recorded in untreated decayed samples (10.42 MPa). The highest Brinell hardness on tangential surface was observed in samples treated with 1% boric acid and decayed (1.32 KN) and the lowest was noted in untreated decayed samples (0.39 KN). The highest Brinell hardness on radial surface was observed in samples treated with 1% boric acid and decayed (1.07 KN) and the lowest was found in untreated decayed samples (0.35 KN).
Renewable fibers and bio-based materials for packaging applications – A review of recent developments
Authors: Johansson Caisa , Bras Julien , Mondragon Iñaki , Nechita Petronela , Plackett David , Šimon Peter , Gregor Svetec Diana , Virtanen Sanna , Giacinti Baschetti Marco , Breen Chris , Aucejo Susana
Published: March 2022

This review describes the state-of-the-art of material derived from the forest sector with respect to its potential for use in the packaging industry. Some innovative approaches are highlighted. The aim is to cover recent developments and key challenges for successful introduction of renewable materials in the packaging market. The covered subjects are renewable fibers and bio-based polymers for use in bioplastics or as coatings for paper-based packaging materials. Current market sizes and forecasts are also presented. Competitive mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties along with material availability and ease of processing are identified as fundamental issues for sustainable utilization of renewable materials.
Enhanced Mechanism of Nano Zero-Valent Iron Activated Persulfate for Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment
Authors: Iribagiza Marie Rose , Li Ting , Liang Wenjing , Wu Yuanyuan , Zhu Fang
Published: March 2022

The advanced oxidation process based on persulfate has a broad application prospect in the remediation of organic pollutants. As an effective, low-cost and environmentally friendly material, nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) can effectively activate persulfate (nZVI/PS) to generate strongly oxidizing sulfate radical for removing organic pollutants in the environment. In this review, we first clarify the activation pathway of nZVI activated persulfate including direct activation and indirect activation. Direct activation means that the electrons released by nZVI directly participate in the activation of PS; indirect activation means that Fe0 corrodes to generate Fe2+, and Fe2+ further activate the persulfate. Then, the mechanism of nZVI/PS system to degrade organic pollutants including electron transfer, hydrogen extraction and addition reactions are also discussed. Finally, combined with the activation pathway and the mechanism of degrading organic pollutants, we propose several prospects for the future research direction of nZVI activated persulfate. As a result, this review provides a theoretical basis for the nZVI/PS advanced oxidation system to remediate actual sites contaminated with organic pollutants.
Phytonymic Pejorative Names for Men in the Pirot Speech (Linguo­cul­tu­ral Aspect)
Authors: Ratković Dragana M.
Published: March 2022

The subject of the paper are nouns and noun phrases of negative expressive tonality, which primarily name realities from the plant world (plants and their parts, terms related to wood processing), and secondarily people in the Pirot dialect. The analysis also includes derivatives of units that belong to the semantic field “phytonym” and noun phrases whose adjective has a phytonymic meaning. The corpus consists of two dictionaries of the Pirot dialect: Novica Živković [Živković 1987] and Dragoljub Zlatković [Zlatković 2014; 2017]. The author analyzes language units from the linguocultural aspect to answer the questions related to: (1) human characteristics, behaviors and actions in Pirot speech which initiate negative characterization of a person with a phytonymic pejoratives; (2) appointments that reveal evaluation parameters; (3) the relationship between pejoration and laudation on the material of botanical vocabulary and terminology in naming the man in the Pirot dialect and (4) the relation of the phytonymic pejoration of man in the Pirot dialect with the same names in the modern Serbian language. Such a methodological procedure enables (1) reconstruction of the conceptualization of man as a plant outlined by phy­to­nymic pejoratives in the linguistic picture of the world and in the traditional culture of the Pirot region, as well as (2) consideration of relations and determination of (in) similarity with the image of the world in the modern Serbian language developed by the same lexical-semantic means.
Emergency Medical Response for Non-Hospitalized Person Events in a Children’s Hospital
Authors: Hoffman Olivia L. , Romano Jane , Kleinman Monica E.
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVES

Hospital-based code blue (CB) teams are designed for hospitalized patients (HP) with unanticipated medical emergencies outside of an ICU. At our freestanding pediatric institution, the same team responds to CB calls involving nonhospitalized persons (NHP) throughout the hospital campus. We hypothesized there are significant differences between the characteristics of NHP and HP requiring emergency medical response, and most responses for NHP do not require advanced critical care.

METHODS

We analyzed a retrospective cohort of CB responses at our large, urban, academic children’s medical center from January to December 2017. We evaluated the demographic and clinical characteristics of these HP compared with NHP events.

RESULTS

There were 168 CB activations during the study, of which 135 (80.4%) were for NHP. Ninety-one (67.4%) of the NHP responses involved adults (age >18 years) compared with 6 (18.2%) of the HP. Triggers for CB team activation for NHP were most frequently syncope (42.2%), seizure (10.3%), or fall (9.6%) compared with seizure (30.3%), hypoxia (27.3%), or anaphylaxis (12.1%) for HP. Critical interventions such as bag-mask ventilation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were infrequently performed for either cohort.

CONCLUSIONS

CB activations in our pediatric institution more often involve NHP than HP. NHP responses are more likely to involve adults and infrequently require advanced interventions. Use of a pediatric CB team for NHP events may be an unnecessary use of pediatric critical care resources. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the most effective team composition, training, and response system for NHP in a freestanding children’s hospital.
Slow Coronary Blood Flow: Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications
Authors: Aparicio Andrea , Cuevas Javier , Morís César , Martín María
Published: March 2022

Coronary slow flow (CSF) phenomenon, also known as cardiac syndrome Y, is defined as the delayed opacification of the coronary vasculature at the distal level. Different hypotheses and theories have been postulated about its substrate and mechanism, such as microvascular and endothelial dysfunction. Several studies have confirmed that CSF is a cause of ischaemia detected by non-invasive testing. Clinically, it can present as angina pectoris, acute coronary syndrome and sudden cardiac death. It has an incidence of 1–5% in patients undergoing coronary angiography and has been most frequently found in young men who are smokers with metabolic syndrome. There are no established treatments for CSF and further studies are still necessary.
Altitudinal distribution of the functional feeding groups of aquatic macroinvertebrates using an ecological network in Andean streams
Authors: Serna Juan Pablo , Fernandez David , Velez Fabio , Ruiz Julián , Breckling Broder , Aguirre Néstor
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Analysis of functional feeding groups (FFG) in aquatic macroinvertebrates is important in understanding the structure, function, and dynamics of ecological processes ecosystems. Modularity refers to the degree of compartmentalization of food webs and varies between -1 and 1. A network with a modularity value close to 1 is resilient to disturbances and can be interpreted as an indicating factor for the stability of communities. Objective: In this study, we analyzed the trophic structure of benthic macroinvertebrates in La Nitrera stream, the San Juan River, and the Cauca River. Methods: The study was supported by ecological networking techniques using Gephi software. We studied nine sites in dry, rainy, and transition seasons in 2017 and 2018, monitoring changes in the altitude gradient. At each of the sites, the organisms were captured and determined, and physicochemical and hydraulic information was obtained. Results: The variance component analysis allowed to explain the variability of the data by relating the following environmental variables: FFG, diversity, richness, modularity, season, and time. Simple multifactorial ANOVA indicated that significant changes in FFG were associated with altitude, and modularity to time. The allocation of the FFG was done by stomach analysis and secondary information. Conclusion: The transition season had the highest modularity, possibly due to the recolonization of some biotopes caused by the decrease in riverbed velocity. La Nitrera and San Juan presented higher values than the Cauca, which may indicate that the altitudinal change and velocity of water currents affects the compartmentalization of the network.
Population genetics and molecular identification of Crocodylus acutus and C. moreletii (Crocodilia: Crocodylidae) in captive and wildlife populations
Authors: Villegas Alejandro , Rojas-Santoyo Aliet , Ulloa-Arvizu Raúl
Published: March 2022

Introduction: There is low evidence of genetic diversity and hybridization processes within Crocodylus acutus and C. moreletii populations. Objetive: To evaluate genetic diversity and some phylogenetic relationships in wild and captive populations of C. acutus and C. moreletii using the Barcode of Life Data System (COX1, cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 gene). Methods: 28 individuals phenotypically like C. acutus located in the state of Guerrero, Oaxaca and Quintana Roo were sampled, as well as animals belonging to C. moreletii located in the states of Tabasco, Campeche, and Quintana Roo. 641 base pairs of nucleotide sequence from COX1 were used to obtain the haplotype and nucleotide diversity per population, and a phylogenetic and network analysis was performed. Results: Evidence of hybridization was found by observing C. moreletti haplotypes in animals phenotypically determined as C. acutus, as well as C. acutus haplotypes in animals classified as C. moreletti. Low haplotypic diversity was observed for C. acutus (0.455 ± 0.123) and for C. moreletii (0.505 ± 0.158). A phylogenetic tree was obtained in which the sequences of C. acutus and C. moreletii were grouped into two well-defined clades. Organisms identified phenotypically as C. acutus but with C. moreletii genes were separated into a different clade within the clade of C. moreletii. Conclusions: There are reproductive individuals with haplotypes different from those of the species. This study provides a small but significant advance in the genetic knowledge of both crocodile species and the use of mitochondrial markers, which in this case, the COX1 gene allowed the detection of hybrid organisms in wild and captive populations. Conservation efforts for both species of crocodiles should prevent the crossing of both threatened species and should require the genetic identification of pure populations, to design effective conservation strategies considering the possibility of natural hybridization in areas of sympatry.

Palabras clave: ADN mitocondrial; citocromo C oxidasa; diversidad haplotípica; diversidad de nucleótidos; hibridación, Sistema de código de barras de la vida.
Seasonal droughts during the Miocene drove the evolution of Capparaceae towards Neotropical seasonally dry forests
Authors: Mercado-Gómez Jorge D. , Morales-Puentes María E. , Gonzalez Mailyn A. , Velasco Julián A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Neotropical seasonally dry forest (NSDF) climatic constraintsincreased endemism, and phylogenetic niche conservatism in species that are restricted to thisbiome. NSDF have a large number of endemic Capparaceae taxa, but it is unknown ifphylogenetic niche conservatism has played a role in this pattern. Objective: We carried out anevolutionary analysis of the climatic niche of neotropical species of Capparaceae to identifywhether the climatic constraints of NSDF have played a major role throughout the family’sevolutionary history. Methods: Using three chloroplastic (ndhF, matK, rbcL) and one ribosomal(rsp3) DNA sequences, we proposed a date phylogeny to reconstruct the evolutionary climaticniche dynamics of 24 Neotropical species of Capparaceae. We tested the relationship betweenniche dissimilarity and phylogenetic distance between species using the Mantel test. Likewise,we used a set of phylogenetic comparative methods (PGLS) on the phylogeny of Capparaceae toreconstruct the main evolutionary historic events in their niche. Results: Capparaceae originatedin humid regions and subsequently, convergent evolution occurred towards humid and dry forestduring the aridification phases of the Middle Miocene (16-11 Mya). However, adaptationtowards drought stress was reflected only during the precipitation of the coldest quarter, wherewe found phylogenetic signal (Pagel ) for gradual evolution and, therefore, evidence ofphylogenetic niche conservatism. We found convergent species-specific adaptations to bothdrought stress and rainfall during the Miocene, suggesting a non-phylogenetic structure in mostclimatic variables. Conclusions: Our study shows how the Miocene climate may haveinfluenced the Capparaceae speciation toward driest environments. Further, highlights thecomplexity of climatic niche dynamics in this family, and therefore more detailed analyses arenecessary in order to better understand the NSDF climatic constrictions affected the evolution ofCapparaceae.
Gestation complications in women with metabolic syndrome: pathogenesis, diagnosis and prevention (literature review)
Authors:   Donetsk National Medical University, Mariupol, Ukraine, Shelestova L.P. , Ushullu L.F. ,   Donetsk National Medical University, Mariupol, Ukraine
Published: March 2022

The article summarizes modern scientific views on the main links of pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria and methods for the prevention of gestational complications in women with metabolic syndrome. The aims of study is to analyze modern domestic and foreign studies on the study of pathogenetic mechanisms of influence of metabolic components syndrome for the development of gestational complications, methods of their diagnosis and prevention in women with metabolic syndrome. Results. It has been proven that the components of metabolic syndrome are associated with the development of pregnancy complications, such as pre-eclampsia, fetal growth retardation and macrosomia, gestational diabetes, preterm labour, fetal death, habitual early termination of pregnancy. On the basis of joint pathogenesis, the above-mentioned complications belong to the group of «the great obstetrical syndromes». It has been shown that pregnant women with metabolic syndrome are at high risk for the occurrence of «the great obstetrical syndromes» and require timely appointment of preventive measures to reduce them. Almost all scientific studies have demonstrated the importance of regulating metabolic processes in the body of a woman with metabolic syndrome at the stage of preconcepence period. It is reported that a lifestyle modification that aims to reduce body weight by prescribing a balanced low-calorie diet combined with exercise and the use of behavioral therapy leads to improved pregnancy outcomes for both mother and baby. The conclusion. The problem of metabolic syndrome in women of reproductive age remains relevant in modern medicine and taking into account its social significance, requires further research in the aspect of studying pathogenesis, early diagnosis and prevention of his pathology, since it can significantly improve the condition of the pregnant woman in the future and have a positive effect on the course of pregnancy and childbirth. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Keywords: metabolic syndrome, pregnancy, gestational complications, diagnosis, pathogenesis, prevention.
Institutions authorized to prevent and combat phenomenon of corruption in Poland
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Kułak Izabela
Published: March 2022

Corruption is a threat to people, society, the state and the economy. It is a phenomenon that particularly harms the basic principles of the functioning of the country. This article focuses on entities authorized to prevent corruption. Individual bodies, services and institutions obliged to fight corruption and equipped with a number of competences that facilitate the performance of their tasks are discussed. The Central Anticorruption Bureau, the Internal Security Agency, the Police, the Public Prosecutor’s Office and other entities forming the system of prevention and combating corruption crime in Poland are presented. To discuss the subject it is necessary to refer to legal acts and the literature. The aim of this description, however, is not a comprehensive presentation of the subject matter indicated in the title, as it seems impossible to provide an exhaustive study of each entity authorized to prevent corruption in only one article. Due to the limited scope of the article only a synthetic presentation of the subject matter has been presented.
Współdziałanie w procesie stosowania prawa – krytycznie o regulacjach obowiązujących w zakresie wydawania zezwoleń na sprzedaż napojów alkoholowych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Polska, Lewicki Marek
Published: March 2022

The applicable legal regulations to the procedure and conditions for issuing permits for the sale of alcoholic beverages require, as a condition for issuing such a permit to obtain a positive opinion of the Communal Commission to solve alcoholic problems with the compliance of the location of the point of sale with certain resolutions of the Commune Council. In the opinion of the author of the article, considering a number of circumstances, and above all, the subject of the required opinion required not requiring the disposal of specific competences inaccessible authorization authority, the introduction of this form of cooperation when issuing permits for the sale of alcoholic beverages is not justified and can be eliminated, without any damage to substantive correctness issued in this regard decision.
Współdziałanie wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne jednostek samorządu terytorialnego – zagadnienia wybrane
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Polska, Małecka-Łyszczek Magdalena
Published: March 2022

Cooperation at the level of local government structures can take the form of: 1) internal interaction, i.e. in relation to the structures of the administration itself, and 2) external cooperation i.e. combining the potential of administration with non-public entities. This article will refer to the cooperation of local government administration structures, and particular attention will be focused on the following specific problems: 1) cooperation as a sine qua non condition for the implementation of the concept of governance; 2) cooperation as having an impact on the effectiveness of administration; 3) cooperation as requiring proper communication.
Obowiązkowe szczepienia ochronne a formalna przesłanka klauzuli limitacyjnej konstytucyjnych praw i wolności
Authors:   Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Polska, Miaskowska-Daszkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: March 2022

The obligation to subject oneself or a child to preventive vaccinations may undoubtedly be perceived as a restriction in the sphere of the constitutional right to decide about one’s personal life (Art. 47 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland). However, this interference becomes permissible taking into account the general limitation clause resulting from Art. 31 sec. 3 of the Constitution. Apart from the criteria of a material nature, the general clause specifying the premises for limiting constitutional rights and freedoms requires a statutory form of restriction. In view of placing some solutions regarding the vaccination obligation in the executive regulation and the Protective Vaccination Program, doubts arose as to the compliance of the provisions of the vaccination obligation with the formal condition for placing it in the act. The aim of this article is an attempt to answer the question whether the legislator meets this premise. On the basis of the analysis of the normative material, jurisprudence and views of the doctrine, it is legitimate to state that the currently binding legal solutions correspond to the principle of exclusive statutory form of limiting constitutional rights and freedoms.
Dopuszczalność zajęcia ruchomości w egzekucji sądowej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Dzierżak Anna
Published: March 2022

This article presents the issue of the admissibility of seizure of movable property in court enforcement. The analysis of the issue in question was made not only in the light of the current legal situation, i.e. the state resulting from the changes introduced by the Act of 22 March 2018 on Court Bailiffs, but also taking into account the comments relating to the previously binding procedural regulations. The purpose of this amendment is to increase the protection of non-debtors by replacing the costly and time-consuming process to exempt things from enforcement under Art. 841 of the Code of Civil Procedure with the necessity to withdraw from the seizure. However, these are not the only changes in the area of legal regulation of seizures aimed at increasing the protection of third parties. The changes motivated in such a way also included the legal regulation of the measures available to a third party in the event of seizure of movable property owned by it. This issue has also been analyzed in this study.