bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intra-Articular Opening Medial Tibial Wedge Osteotomy (Plafond-Plasty) for the Treatment of Intra-Articular Varus Ankle Arthritis and Instability
Authors: Mann Haroon A. , Filippi Jorge , Myerson Mark S.
Published: July 2012

Background: Although supramalleolar osteotomy with an opening medial wedge or a closing lateral wedge have been described for varus ankle deformity, these may be associated with failure due to persistence of the medial intra-articular defect, resulting in recurrent varus deformity. We report the results of a retrospective study assessing the outcome of an intra-articular opening wedge osteotomy of the distal medial tibia (plafond-plasty) for intra-articular varus ankle deformity associated with osteoarthritis and ankle instability. Method: The results of 19 plafond-plasties in 19 patients for correction of intra-articular varus osteoarthritis of the ankle associated with ankle instability were reviewed. Fourteen men and five women of a mean age of 47 (range, 32 to 63) years were treated. Followup ranged from 14 to 98 (mean, 59) months. Results: Lateral ligament reconstruction was done at the time of the surgery in 18 out of 19 patients. The radiographic parameters including the TAS and TAL showed no statistical significant improvement when compared pre and post operatively. The varus ankle tilt deformity improved from 18 degrees preoperatively to 10 degrees postoperatively ( p < 0.05). The pre- and postoperative AOFAS score improved significantly from 46 to 78, respectively ( p < 0.05). Two patients underwent ankle arthrodesis at 7 and 36 months, and two patients underwent ankle replacement at 30 and 48 months following the index procedure. Of the remaining 15 patients, 14 reported stable or very stable ankles, and 15 of the 19 were either satisfied or very satisfied with the outcome of treatment. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that plafond-plasty osteotomy associated with lateral ligament reconstruction may be a suitable for patients presenting with intra-articular varus ankle osteoarthritis associated with ankle instability, providing pain relief and better function and stability in most patients.

Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Neuropathic Symptoms following Continuous Popliteal Block After Foot and Ankle Surgery
Authors: Gartke Kathleen , Portner Oliver , Taljaard Monica
Published: July 2012

Background: Continuous perineural blocks are increasingly popular for postoperative pain control. While the reported incidence of neuropathic symptoms has been low, the experience of the lead author suggested it may be much higher. The objectives of this study were to elucidate the incidence of patient-reported neuropathic symptoms following continuous popliteal block (CPB) for postoperative pain control in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery, to characterize these symptoms and to identify preoperative risk factors. Methods A prospective cohort study of 147 surgical patients undergoing significant foot and ankle procedures was carried out. Patients were followed for 8 months post-surgery. Preoperative/perioperative questionnaires were completed by anesthesiologists. Patients completed questionnaires at 2, 6, 14, and 34 weeks. Multivariable logistic regression analysis using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) was used to examine risk factors for neuropathy. Results The prevalence of neuropathic symptoms at 2 weeks was 41% (95% CI, 33% to 49%) decreasing to 24% (95% CI, 15.4% to 32.5%) at 34 weeks. Multivariable analyses revealed that tourniquet placement, tourniquet time, use of prophylactic antibiotics, type of anesthesia, level of training in anesthesiology, patient history of chronic pain and patient age were not significantly associated with neuropathy. Smokers were more likely to report neuropathic symptoms (adjusted OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 0.96 to 5.33). Conclusion The incidence of neuropathic symptoms may be much higher than previously reported. Smoking may be a risk factor for the development of neuropathic symptoms.

Level of Evidence: II, Prospective Cohort Study
Second Metatarsal Length is Positively Correlated with Increased Pressure and Medial Deviation of the Second Toe in a Robotic Cadaveric Simulation of Gait
Authors: Weber Joel R. , Aubin Patrick M. , Ledoux William R. , Sangeorzan Bruce J.
Published: July 2012

Background: The term ‘crossover second toe’ has been used to describe a deformity of the second metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) that includes a progressive migration of the second toe in a dorsal and medial direction. The long onset and complex anatomy of the deformity has led to uncertainty about its etiology and treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between second metatarsal length and second MTPJ plantar pressure and joint angles during gait. We hypothesized that elongation of the second metatarsal would increase the plantar pressure underneath the second MTPJ and be associated with a deviation of the MTPJ angles in a dorsal and medial direction. Methods Incremental surgical elongation of the second metatarsal was performed on six cadaveric feet. A robotic gait simulator (RGS) simulated physiologic tibial motion, tendon loading, and ground reaction forces (GRF) on the cadaveric feet. We determined the peak pressure and pressure-time integral under the second MTPJ during gait, as well as the transverse and sagittal MTPJ angles. Results Second metatarsal peak pressure and pressure-time integral were positively correlated with an increase in second metatarsal length. First metatarsal peak pressure and pressure-time integral were significantly negatively associated with second metatarsal length. MTPJ transverse plane angle was positively associated with second metatarsal length but sagittal angle was not. Conclusion Our results support the hypothesis that second metatarsal length is positively associated with medial deviation of the second toe and increased plantar pressure underneath the second MTPJ. Clinical Relevance: It is biomechanically plausible that this association could lead to the joint instability seen in crossover toe patients.
A Lower Extremity Physical Function Computerized Adaptive Testing Instrument for Orthopaedic Patients
Authors: Hung Man , Clegg Daniel O. , Greene Tom , Weir Charlene , Saltzman Charles L.
Published: July 2012

Background: The aim of this study was to develop a lower extremity (LE) physical function computerized adaptive testing (CAT) instrument based on Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) physical function items. Methods The PROMIS physical function item bank was administered to adult outpatient orthopaedic patients. Three hundred eighty-two patients presenting with LE disorders were analyzed using item response theory modeling. A LE physical function item bank was developed by distilling relevant and psychometrically sound items from the full PROMIS physical function bank. Real data CAT simulations were conducted to examine specifications for a live CAT. Results The LE physical function item bank was sufficiently unidimensional and free of item bias. It demonstrated high reliability along with content and construct validity. The flexible length LE CAT was highly correlated with the full LE instrument and showed uniformly high precision across the entire measurement continuum. The average CAT length was 6 to 7 items when standard error of measurement was 0.3 or less. Conclusion This LE physical function CAT is a valid, reliable and feasible physical function assessment tool for orthopaedic patients with LE problems that has the potential to reduce patient burden as well as administrative costs associated with data collection.
Secondary Correction of Talar Fractures: Asking for Trouble?
Authors: Rammelt Stefan , Zwipp Hans
Published: July 2012

Secondary anatomical reconstruction of malunions or nonunions after talar fractures or fracture-dislocations with preservaton of all three joints aims at maximal functional rehablilitation. A corrective osteotmy or revision of a pseudoarthrosis with axial realignment and internal fixation was carried out in 22 patients (aged 15 to 50) at a mean of 9 (range, 1.5 to 45) months after having sustained a fracture of the talar head, neck or body. 20 patients were followed for a mean of 4.8 (range, 1.5 to 14) years after reconstruction. No signs of development or progression of avascular necrosis (AVN) were observed in any case. Some amount of progression of peritalar arthritis was seen in 12 of 20 patients (60%). One patient required ankle fusion 7.5 years after reconstruction, another patient needed talo-navicular fusion after 5 years, and a third required a two-stage fusion of the ankle and the subtalar joint after 18 months. Two patients underwent arthrolysis of the ankle and screw removal after 7 and 14 years for dorsiflexion deficit at the ankle. The mean AOFAS ankle/hindfoot score increased from 36.9 preoperatively to 87.5 after correction ( p < 0.001). Secondary correction after talar fractures appears promising in active and compliant patients without symptomatic arthritis, with good bone stock, no or partial AVN (less than one-third of the talar body), and no infection. Late fusion with a well-aligned talus remains a salvage option in cases of progressive arthritis.
Field Validation of Food Service Listings: A Comparison of Commercial and Online Geographic Information System Databases
Authors: Seliske Laura , Pickett William , Bates Rebecca , Janssen Ian
Published: July 2012

Many studies examining the food retail environment rely on geographic information system (GIS) databases for location information. The purpose of this study was to validate information provided by two GIS databases, comparing the positional accuracy of food service places within a 1 km circular buffer surrounding 34 schools in Ontario, Canada. A commercial database (InfoCanada) and an online database (Yellow Pages) provided the addresses of food service places. Actual locations were measured using a global positioning system (GPS) device. The InfoCanada and Yellow Pages GIS databases provided the locations for 973 and 675 food service places, respectively. Overall, 749 (77.1%) and 595 (88.2%) of these were located in the field. The online database had a higher proportion of food service places found in the field. The GIS locations of 25% of the food service places were located within approximately 15 m of their actual location, 50% were within 25 m, and 75% were within 50 m. This validation study provided a detailed assessment of errors in the measurement of the location of food service places in the two databases. The location information was more accurate for the online database, however, when matching criteria were more conservative, there were no observed differences in error between the databases.
The Role of Multimedia Content in Determining the Virality of Social Media Information
Authors: Bruni Leonardo , Francalanci Chiara , Giacomazzi Paolo
Published: July 2012

The paper provides empirical evidence supporting the assumption that content plays a critical role in determining the virality, i.e., the influence, of social media information. The analysis focuses on multimedia content on Twitter and explores the idea that links to multimedia information increase the virality of posts. In particular, we put forward the following three main hypotheses: (1) posts with a link to multimedia content (photo or video) are more retweeted than posts without a link; (2) posts linking a photo are more retweeted than posts linking a video, and (3) posts linking a video raise more sentiment than posts linking a photo. Hypotheses are tested on a sample of roughly two million tweets posted in July 2011 including comments on Berlin, London, Madrid, and Milan relevant from a tourism perspective. Findings support our hypotheses and indicate that multimedia content plays an important role in determining not only the volumes of retweeting, but also the dynamics of the virality of posts measured as speed of retweeting.
A Distributed Continua AHD System with ZigBee/PAN-IF Gateway and Continua QoS Control Mechanism
Authors: Huang Yung-Shun , Shih Min , Shau Yio-Wha , Lin William T.
Published: July 2012

In a residential or nursing home environment, using ZigBee/802.15.4 wireless network specifically to collect and gather various types of personal health data proves to be a feasible choice. The Continua Guidelines has defined both the sensor-LAN IF (sensor Local Area Network Interface) PHD (Personal Health Device) and PAN IF (Personal Area Network Interface) PHD, but only a Continua certified sensor-LAN IF PHD with Zigbee HC (Health Care) profile can connect with Continua AHD (Application Hosting Device) through Zigbee/802.15.4 network and allows data communicating between AHD and PHDs. In this paper, we present a distributed Continua AHD system design that divides the AHD device containing Continua PAN IF into Continua AHD Host and Continua AHD Gateway with communication through ZigBee/802.15.4 network. Under this structure, a Continua PHD connects with a Continua AHD Host through Continua AHD Gateway within ZigBee/802.15.4 network. One immediate advantage of the proposed system is that both of the Continua sensor-LAN IF and PAN IF PHDs can connect with Continua AHD (Host) through ZigBee/802.15.4 network. To further address the QoS (Quality of Service) issue for Continua PAN IF message transmission in a ZigBee network, we present a software approach to automatically determine the types of packet transmitted and execute Continua QoS control. Together with the QoS mechanism in the enhanced ZigBee MAC Layer, this approach realizes a complete Continua QoS control mechanism for the distributed AHD system.
Proton Content and Nature in Perovskite Ceramic Membranes for Medium Temperature Fuel Cells and Electrolysers
Authors: Colomban Philippe , Zaafrani Oumaya , Slodczyk Aneta
Published: July 2012

Recent interest in environmentally friendly technology has promoted research on green house gas-free devices such as water steam electrolyzers, fuel cells and CO2/syngas converters. In such applications, proton conducting perovskite ceramics appear especially promising as electrolyte membranes. Prior to a successful industrial application, it is necessary to determine/understand their complex physical and chemical behavior, especially that related to proton incorporation mechanism, content and nature of bulk protonic species. Based on the results of quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QNS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman and IR measurements we will show the complexity of the protonation process and the importance of differentiation between the protonic species adsorbed on a membrane surface and the bulk protons. The bulk proton content is very low, with a doping limit (~1–5 × 10−3 mole/mole), but sufficient to guarantee proton conduction below 600 °C. The bulk protons posses an ionic, covalent bond free nature and may occupy an interstitial site in the host perovskite structure.
Anomalous Structure of Palladium-Capped Magnesium Thin Films
Authors: Yoshimura Kazuki
Published: July 2012

Pd capped pure Mg thin film (50 nm thick) was prepared by magnetron sputtering and its hydrogenation at room temperature has been investigated. After exposure to 4% hydrogen gas diluted by argon, the Pd/Mg thin films show drastic optical changes from the metallic state to the transparent state within five seconds by hydrogenation. Transmission electron microscope observation reveals that this sample has an anomalous structure; Mg grain is surrounded by Pd. This structure may be the reason why Pd/Mg films can be hydrogenated so quickly at room temperature.
Synthesis of 9,9′-[1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxymethylene)]bis-2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one, an Impurity of Acyclovir
Authors: Suárez Rosa M. , Matía Maria Paz , Novella José Luis , Molina Andres , Cosme Antonio , Vaquero Juan José , Alvarez-Builla Julio
Published: July 2012

The synthesis of 9,9'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxymethylene)]bis-2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one, a minor impurity of acyclovir, is described. Starting with commercial N-(9-acetyl-6-oxo-1H-purin-2-yl)acetamide, the process uses an acid catalysed phase transfer catalysis (PTC) process to produce the selective alkylation at the 9 position of the guanine ring.
Optimization of Enzymatic Process for Vanillin Extraction Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Gu Fenglin , Xu Fei , Tan Lehe , Wu Huasong , Chu Zhong , Wang Qinghuang
Published: July 2012

Vanillin was extracted from vanilla beans using pretreatment with cellulase to produce enzymatic hydrolysis, and response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the processing parameters of this extraction. The effects of heating time, enzyme quantity and temperature on enzymatic extraction of vanillin were evaluated. Extraction yield (mg/g) was used as the response value. The results revealed that the increase in heating time and the increase in enzyme quantity (within certain ranges) were associated with an enhancement of extraction yield, and that the optimal conditions for vanillin extraction were: Heating time 6 h, temperature 60 °C and enzyme quantity 33.5 mL. Calculated from the final polynomial functions, the optimal response of vanillin extraction yield was 7.62 mg/g. The predicted results for optimal reaction conditions were in good agreement with experimental values.
Two New Compounds Isolated from Liriope muscari
Authors: Li Wen-Jie , Zhang Zhi-Hao , Cheng Xian-Long , Liu Jing , He Yi , Zhou Chao , Guo Ying , Lin Rui-Chao , Wang Gang-Li
Published: July 2012

Two new compounds, (2S,3R)-methyl 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carboxylate (1) and (4R,5S)-5-(3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-isopropyldihydrofuran-2-one (2), tentatively named norcurlignan and limlactone, respectively, were isolated from Liriope muscari, together with the known compound (−)-pinoresinol (3). The structures of these compounds were elucidated and characterized on the basis of 1D NMR, 2D NMR, CD and MS data. The in vitro antioxidant activities of compounds 1–3 were assessed by the DPPH and ABTS scavenging methods.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of 23-Hydroxybetulinic Acid C-28 Ester Derivatives as Antitumor Agent Candidates
Authors: Bi Yi , Xu Jinyi , Sun Fei , Wu Xiaoming , Ye Wencai , Sun Yijun , Huang Wenwen
Published: July 2012

23-Hydroxybetulinic acid (1) served as the precursor for the synthesis of C-28 ester derivatives. The target compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antitumor activities against five cell lines (A549, BEL-7402, SF-763, B16 and HL-60). Among the obtained compounds, 6i had the most potent antitumor activity, with the IC50 values of 8.35 µM in HL-60 cells and showed similar antitumor activity as cyclophosphamide in H22 liver tumor and as 5-fluorouracil in B16 melanoma in vivo.
Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activity of Total Flavone of Cunninghamia lanceolata
Authors: Xin Hai-Liang , Zhai Xiao-Feng , Zheng Xu , Zhang Lei , Wang Yu-Liang , Wang Zhuo
Published: July 2012

The present study was undertaken to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of total flavone of branches and leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata (TFC) to provide a scientific basis for its clinical use and resource development. TFC was evaluated for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity in mice or rats using chemical and thermal models of nociception, including acetic acid-induced writhing test, hot plate latency test, formalin test and carrageenan induced paw oedema test. Results showed that TFC given orally can significantly attenuate acetic acid-induced writhing in mice in a dose-dependent manner. In the hot plate latency test, TFC showed common activity in prolonging duration time only at the highest dose (400 mg/kg). Each dose of TFC could not significantly inhibit the first phase but was active in the later phase of formalin-induced pain, whereas morphine showed notable activity in the two phases. In the carrageenan-induced paw oedema model, TFC could significantly and dose-dependently reduce the carrageenan-induced paw edema at the third and fifth hour, and decrease the content of PEG2 in paw edema tissue and that of COX-2 in blood serum. It may be concluded that TFC showed both anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, showing that it can be of importance in drug development, especially in the field of pain and inflammation.
Heat Shock Protein 90 and Role of Its Chemical Inhibitors in Treatment of Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Ho Ngoc , Li Adam , Li Shaoguang , Zhang Haojian
Published: July 2012

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a conserved and constitutively expressed molecular chaperone and it has been shown to stabilize oncoproteins and facilitate cancer development. Hsp90 has been considered as a therapeutic target for cancers and three classes of Hsp90 inhibitors have been developed: (1) benzoquinone ansamycin and its derivatives, (2) radicicol and its derivates, and (3) small synthetic inhibitors. The roles of these inhibitors in cancer treatment have been studied in laboratories and clinical trials, and some encouraging results have been obtained. Interestingly, targeting of Hsp90 has been shown to be effective in inhibition of cancer stem cells responsible for leukemia initiation and progression, providing a strategy for finding a cure. Because cancer stem cells are well defined in some human leukemias, we will focus on hematologic malignancies in this review.
Experimental Estimating Deflection of a Simple Beam Bridge Model Using Grating Eddy Current Sensors
Authors: Lü Chunfeng , Liu Weiwen , Zhang Yongjie , Zhao Hui
Published: July 2012

A novel three-point method using a grating eddy current absolute position sensor (GECS) for bridge deflection estimation is proposed in this paper. Real spatial positions of the measuring points along the span axis are directly used as relative reference points of each other rather than using any other auxiliary static reference points for measuring devices in a conventional method. Every three adjacent measuring points are defined as a measuring unit and a straight connecting bar with a GECS fixed on the center section of it links the two endpoints. In each measuring unit, the displacement of the mid-measuring point relative to the connecting bar measured by the GECS is defined as the relative deflection. Absolute deflections of each measuring point can be calculated from the relative deflections of all the measuring units directly without any correcting approaches. Principles of the three-point method and displacement measurement of the GECS are introduced in detail. Both static and dynamic experiments have been carried out on a simple beam bridge model, which demonstrate that the three-point deflection estimation method using the GECS is effective and offers a reliable way for bridge deflection estimation, especially for long-term monitoring.
Low-Voltage 96 dB Snapshot CMOS Image Sensor with 4.5 nW Power Dissipation per Pixel
Authors: Spivak Arthur , Teman Adam , Belenky Alexander , Yadid-Pecht Orly , Fish Alexander
Published: July 2012

Modern “smart” CMOS sensors have penetrated into various applications, such as surveillance systems, bio-medical applications, digital cameras, cellular phones and many others. Reducing the power of these sensors continuously challenges designers. In this paper, a low power global shutter CMOS image sensor with Wide Dynamic Range (WDR) ability is presented. This sensor features several power reduction techniques, including a dual voltage supply, a selective power down, transistors with different threshold voltages, a non-rationed logic, and a low voltage static memory. A combination of all these approaches has enabled the design of the low voltage “smart” image sensor, which is capable of reaching a remarkable dynamic range, while consuming very low power. The proposed power-saving solutions have allowed the maintenance of the standard architecture of the sensor, reducing both the time and the cost of the design. In order to maintain the image quality, a relation between the sensor performance and power has been analyzed and a mathematical model, describing the sensor Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and Dynamic Range (DR) as a function of the power supplies, is proposed. The described sensor was implemented in a 0.18 um CMOS process and successfully tested in the laboratory. An SNR of 48 dB and DR of 96 dB were achieved with a power dissipation of 4.5 nW per pixel.
Retrospective comparison between minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis and open plating for tibial fractures in dogs
Authors: Boero Baroncelli A. , Peirone B. , Winter M. D. , Reese D. J. , Pozzi A.
Published: July 2012

Objectives: To compare fracture healing in diaphyseal tibial fractures stabilized using either minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) or open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).

Methods: Dogs in each group were matched for type of fracture, age and body weight. Stage of healing was measured blindly every four weeks postoperatively until complete healing. Outcome variables including fracture length, plate length, plate bridging ratio, plate working length, healing grading, and fracture reduction were compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney test. Significant difference was set at p <0.05.

Results: Based on the definition of clinical union, at 30 days five out of eight dogs managed with MIPO had healed, while two of the eight of dogs managed with ORIF had healed. We did not find any significant differences in the other outcome measures. No complications were reported in the MIPO group whereas one major complication was reported in the ORIF group.

Clinical significance: All dogs treated by MIPO healed rapidly without any complications, nevertheless the difference in radiographic healing between the two groups was not significant.
Correction of severe congenital flexural carpal deformities with semicircular external skeletal fixation system in calves
Authors: Ozak A. , Nisbet O. , Yardimci C.
Published: July 2012

Objective: To present a novel technique for the treatment of severe congenital flexural forelimb deformities in calves.

Methods: Thirteen calves of different breeds and sex with severe congenital flexural forelimb deformities were enrolled in the study. A semicircular external skeletal fixation system composed of 6-hole, 45° carbon-fiber arches, 6 mm threaded rods, half-pin fixation bolts, 6 mm hexagonal nuts, and negative profile end-threaded half-pins were used for pancarpal arthrodesis. Complications, time to first use of the limb, fixator removal time, preoperative and postoperative sagittal plane angles of the fused joints, and functional outcomes were evaluated clinically and radiographically. Final assessments were determined according to functional and cosmetic outcomes.

Results: All of the surgically treated carpal joints obtained fusion. Seven of the calves started to use the limb immediately after recovering from anesthesia. In the other six calves, the time ranged from one to two days. Time to fixator removal ranged from 25 to 36 days (mean 30 days). Final outcome was excellent in 11 cases, and good in two cases.

Clinical significance: The technique was found to be a useful method for the treatment of severe congenital flexural forelimb deformities in calves. The cost of the operation is negligible compared to the economic value of beef cattle.
Oxidative dna Damage of Lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood and Ascites in Cancer Patients
Authors: Wang J. , Xing S.S. , Guo S.B. , Jin W. , Zhang W.
Published: July 2012

Background: Patients with malignant ascites (MA) usually experience poor quality of life, and treatment of this symptom remains a challenge. Oxidative stress, which can cause oxidative damage to DNA, plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis; however, the relationship between oxidative stress and DNA damage to tumour-associated lymphocytes (TALS) in MA is unclear. Methods: We measured the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of plasma and MA supernatant in 31 cancer patients with MA, and we used a comet assay to assess DNA damage to both peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCS) and TALS. Measurements in age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were used as controls. Results: The TAC of plasma was remarkably lower in cancer patients (9.73 ± 1.96 U/mL) than in healthy control subjects (11.31 ± 1.50 U/mL, p < 0.001). The TAC of MA supernatant (6.34 ± 1.57 U/mL) was significantly lower than that of plasma in cancer patients (7.42 ± 1.36 U/mL, p < 0.001). The comet percentage of PBMCS was higher in cancer patients (17.26% ± 6.04%) than in healthy control subjects (9.44% ± 4.47%, p < 0.01). In cancer patients, the comet percentage of TALS (36.14% ± 17.85%) was significantly higher than that of PBMCS (17.26% ± 6.04%, p < 0.001). In cancer patients with MA, negative correlations were observed between plasma TAC and DNA damage to PBMCS (r = −0.505, p = 0.004) and between the TAC of ma supernatant and the comet percentage of TALS (r = −0.588, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Results indicate the presence of significant oxidative damage to the DNA of lymphocytes in peripheral blood and ascites from patients with MA, being especially higher in the cells from ascites. The lower TAC of MA supernatant may be related to a higher degree of DNA damage to TALS. The present study suggests that an oxidant–antioxidant imbalance may be one of the mechanisms leading to the DNA damage detected in peripheral blood and local TALS in patients with MA, which may provide a novel approach to the treatment of MA.
L'adolescence face aux préjugés de la société
Authors: Birraux Annie
Published: July 2012

Résumé Ce texte cherche à cerner les processus adolescents en les resituant dans le contexte actuel des préoccupations des parents et de la société à partir de la clinique des Maisons des Adolescents. Qu’est-ce qui détermine l’adolescence, hier et aujourd’hui ? Les changements physiques et sociétaux sont-ils suffisants pour définir cette période de la vie ? Nos adolescents sont-ils plus précoces ? Faut-il les considérer comme des adultes sous le seul prétexte qu’ils sont grands et forts et, par là même, renoncer à la part d’infantile constitutive de chacun ? Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 297-306.
Anthropologie et clinique
Authors: Pionnié-Dax Nancy , Lida-Pulik Hélène , Enjolras Franck , Martin Solène , Paupe Gaëlle , Discour Valérie
Published: July 2012

Résumé Les MDA des deux départements du 78 et du 92 prennent pied dans un maillage partenarial pré-existant. Elles soutiennent ou organisent un dispositif de réseau en même temps qu’elles favorisent l’accès à des consultations de première ou deuxième ligne pour des adolescents ou leurs familles. Elles apportent des réponses plurielles et favorisent l’articulation, la collaboration entre les professionnels des différents champs de prise en charge, en proposant notamment des lieux d’échange et de formation. Pour autant, ces dispositifs portent aussi en eux-mêmes certains paradoxes. Cet article propose, à partir d’une analyse des dispositifs CASA et MDA, une réflexion transversale sur ce type de structures et sur la dynamique de la rencontre avec l’adolescent. Une rencontre qui recrée un espace potentiel où puissent se préfigurer des dispositifs articulés les uns aux autres. Une rencontre qui soit bien réelle et qui soutienne les processus identitaires et identificatoires des jeunes pris en charge. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 325-336.
« Va à la MDA »
Authors: Poitou Pierre , Maillet Benoît , Brugallet-Collet Lynda , Burban Bruno , Cottin Patrick , Picherot Georges
Published: July 2012

Résumé L’orientation d’un adolescent vers un lieu spécifique de soin n’est jamais simple. Les Maisons des Adolescents possèdent des atouts qui sont développés à travers les modalités même du travail mené par les accompagnants sociaux. Nous proposons de souligner ici la manière dont ces derniers, dans leur accueil, appellent à un transfert tant sur l’institution que sur ses membres. L’accent est également mis sur un temps institutionnel fort, celui de la réunion clinique, qui permet la co-élaboration de l’expérience clinique originale de ces professionnels, ainsi que la mise au travail de chacun des membres de l’équipe auprès des adolescents accueillis. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 349-357.
Funerailles d'un double virtuel
Authors: Guzman Gabriela , Benoit Jean-Pierre , Fiorin Maria Chiara , Vachey Bertrand , Aidouni Salima , Moro Marie Rose
Published: July 2012

Résumé Les nouvelles technologies prennent une place de plus en plus importante dans la vie des jeunes et dans nos consultations médico-psychologiques. En s’appuyant sur l’analyse d’un cas clinique d’une jeune en souffrance, les auteurs discutent le rôle d’Internet, des espaces virtuels et de la figure du double dans la construction identitaire à l’adolescence. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 381-390.
L'atelier maquillage
Authors: Manzano Laurence , Moro Marie Rose
Published: July 2012

Résumé Cet article décrit une médiation originale utilisée dans une Maison des Adolescents : l’esthétique. L’activité, menée par une socio-esthéticienne professionnelle et un des membres de l’équipe institutionnelle, est très demandée par les adolescentes et permet d’importants changements dans les représentations que les adolescentes ont de leur propre corps. Par l’intermédiaire de modalités esthétiques adaptées à ce qu’elles désirent, demandent ou ont envie d’essayer, les adolescentes apprennent progressivement à se soucier d’elles-mêmes, de leurs désirs et de leur beauté. L’ensemble de ce qui est vécu par les adolescentes est repris et élaboré dans le cadre thérapeutique. Adolescence , 2012, 30 , 2, 411-419.
Le Mas des Alouettes
Authors: Sommantico Massimiliano
Published: July 2012

Résumé À partir du film des frères Taviani Le Mas des Alouettes (2007), l’auteur propose une analyse de la question de la transmission de l’horreur aux descendants des situations de catastrophes génocidaires comme celle qui s’est abattue sur le peuple arménien. Dans ce but, il étudie plus particulièrement, à travers l’analyse de certaines séquences clés du film, les questions suivantes : que faire de cet héritage ? Comment lui donner un sens et une « forme féconde » ? Comment rendre possible le travail d’historisation et d’appropriation d’une histoire si traumatique ? Comment faire face à l’impossibilité des survivants de nommer la violence subie ? En référence à la notion d’alliance inconsciente défensive pathogène, l’auteur propose en conclusion une analyse du rapport entre espace individuel, espace familial et espace social en situation de catastrophe génocidaire.
Tarnation
Authors: Eiguer Alberto
Published: July 2012

Résumé L’auteur avance que selon le film autobiographique Tarnation construit avec des fragments de films d’amateur, le cinéaste Jonathan Caouette se donne comme but d’œuvrer au rétablissement de sa mère en essayant de faire la lumière sur l’origine de sa psychose et, en même temps, de comprendre pour quoi le père l’(les) a abandonné(s). Le réalisateur dit lui-même qu’il aura du mal à se reconstruire aussi longtemps que sa mère ne pourra elle-même émerger. Son œuvre se met alors au service d’une quête sur les mystères de ses origines. Dans ce film très émouvant, des assertions avancées à un moment donné seront écartées ultérieurement. Plusieurs pistes envisagées se révéleront erronées. Le cinéaste nous fait partager les prises de conscience douloureuses qui émaillent ce parcours initiatique. L’auteur de l’article élabore à son tour ses hypothèses en examinant nombre de concepts et de notions : l’homosexualité, le travestisme, la création artistique, les fonctions parentales, la filiation, la nomination du sujet, l’après-coup et la construction-reconstruction. Il note que la réalisation du film permettra au cinéaste d’agir et finalement de se retrouver.
Réflexion sur les rapports entre genre et parentalité
Authors: Loncan Anne
Published: July 2012

Résumé L’auteur présente 3 axes de réflexion théorique concernant la parentalité, la paternité puis la fonction parentale et paternelle dans l’homosexualité masculine. Les modes d’entrée en famille et de filiation ayant grandement évolué depuis un demi-siècle, la fonction parentale et son exercice ont vu leurs définitions s’élargir. En ce qui concerne le genre (fonction maternelle et fonction paternelle), la psychanalyse avait ouvert la voie en mettant en évidence la bisexualité psychique chez tout sujet. Cette conception permet de considérer que le dépositaire de chacune de ces fonctions parentales différenciées n’est pas unique et référé seulement à son genre. La capacité parentale continue cependant d’être contestée, voire déniée, aux personnes qui ne sont pas les géniteurs, d’une part, et ne s’inscrivent pas dans un fonctionnement hétérosexuel, d’autre part. Le présent travail tend à envisager, à travers l’exemple du film Cachorro , que l’homosexualité, ici masculine, ne constitue pas un obstacle a priori à la parentalité ni à la fonction parentale paternelle, qui devient alors une variante contemporaine inscrite dans un continuum évolutif familial et sociétal.
Clinique des traces traumatiques familiales chez l'enfant placé en institution
Authors: Derivois Daniel , Duperray Marie , Guillier Nathalie , Simon Audrey
Published: July 2012

Résumé Le clinicien intervenant auprès de l’enfant placé en institution est souvent confronté à des traces familiales difficiles à décoder dans la psyché de l’enfant. À partir de deux vignettes cliniques, cet article interroge le statut et le trajet des traces du passé familial dans la psyché de l’enfant. Dans l’ici et maintenant de la rencontre clinique, une trace est coconstruite par le clinicien et l’enfant. Les auteurs l’appellent « trace habilitée ». Elle permet de suivre la « traçabilité » processuelle de l’expérience subjective vécue.
Devenir des couples après un parcours en assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) sans obtention de grossesse
Authors: Mazoyer Anne-Valérie , Bourdet-Loubère Sylvie
Published: July 2012

Résumé L’échec de procréation pour le couple engagé en AMP est souvent vécu comme un traumatisme et affecte ses ressources psychiques, communicationnelles et relationnelles. Deux situations représentatives du retentissement de l’échec d’un protocole hautement médicalisé, permettent de spécifier le dispositif et les effets des rencontres avec un psychologue clinicien d’orientation psychanalytique, telles qu’elles sont instituées dans ce type de prise en charge. Cette étude est l’occasion de souligner la pratique singulière du psychologue clinicien dans les protocoles institués d’AMP, accompagnant les sujets à assumer les limites biologiques de leur désir de devenir parent et les aidant à inscrire leur couple dans l’histoire du groupe familial.
L'océan Indien, laboratoire de la géographie militaire américaine
Authors: Samaan Jean-Loup
Published: July 2012

Longtemps, l’océan Indien fut considéré par l’armée américaine comme un espace géographique secondaire, à la différence des océans Atlantique et Pacifique. Or, depuis le milieu des années 2000, cette perception a changé. Cette nouvelle attention américaine est avant tout le résultat des appréhensions de Washington quant au rôle croissant de la Chine dans l’océan Indien. Toutefois, dans le contexte politique et financier actuel, les forces américaines ne devraient pas opérer de revirement spectaculaire vers l’océan Indien. Cependant, l’approche coopérative vis-à-vis de l’Inde ou de l’Australie qui anime la stratégie du Pentagone pour la zone préfigure des pratiques qui pourraient devenir structurantes pour les armées américaines. S’il est donc encore prématuré de faire de l’océan Indien le centre de gravité du XXI e siècle, il constitue indéniablement un laboratoire de la géographie militaire américaine de demain.
Idéologies religieuses et réseaux transnationaux à travers l'océan Indien
Authors: Germain Éric
Published: July 2012

Peut-on considérer que le maillage de communautés diasporiques établies sur le pourtour de l’océan Indien induit une interdépendance sécuritaire qui autorise à considérer cette région comme un véritable « complexe de sécurité » ? Dans les pays riverains, l’importance du fait diasporique (indien, yéménite, somalien, philippin ou chinois) tout comme le développement de stratégies d’influence régionale (Inde, Iran, voire la Chine ou la Turquie) apportent une réelle cohérence à une vision d’une aire économique et culturelle propre et non plus d’un simple espace de transit maritime. Les menaces qui pèsent sur la sécurité de cette région ne peuvent pas être considérées indépendamment de ces flux et de ces réseaux transnationaux. Les idéologies légitimant le recours à la violence reposent aujourd’hui moins sur un socle national ou ethnique (à l’exemple des Tigres tamouls) que religieux. On assiste à la diffusion à une échelle régionale d’un type de violence essentiellement intermusulmans (antichiites ou anti-ahmadis), mais d’autres violences confessionnelles pourraient naître, particulièrement dans les zones où le rapport entre populations « autochtones » et « allogènes » demeure tendu.
Quelles architectures de sécurité pour l'océan Indien ?
Authors: Saint-Mézard Isabelle
Published: July 2012

Espace instable et peu organisé, exposé qui plus est à de nombreux risques de conflits et menaces de sécurité, l’océan Indien suscite néanmoins l’intérêt d’un nombre croissant de puissances régionales et extrarégionales. Ce foisonnement des acteurs et des menaces conduit à s’interroger sur la nécessité d’une architecture de sécurité dont la vocation première serait de préserver une certaine stabilité régionale. Dans cette perspective, le présent article s’interroge sur la capacité des États actifs en océan Indien à mettre sur pied des institutions ou des mécanismes multilatéraux, œuvrant en faveur d’une approche coopérative de règlement des problèmes de sécurité affectant la région. Jusqu’à présent, l’histoire de la coopération en océan Indien révèle une série d’échecs ou de projets inaboutis à l’échelle macrorégionale, ou très parcellaires et fragmentés au niveau sous-régional. À défaut d’organisation régionale panocéanique, une architecture de sécurité complexe se construit de facto , basée essentiellement sur l’engagement militaire des États-Unis et de leurs alliés ou partenaires et, potentiellement, sur la prise en compte par les enceintes régionales actives en Asie-Pacifique de certains des enjeux stratégiques existants à leur porte, en océan Indien.
L'imaginaire géographique du tourisme sexuel
Authors: Staszak Jean-François
Published: July 2012

Résumé Cet article examine l’imaginaire géographique lié au tourisme sexuel. Il porte sur le corps, la rencontre sexuelle et le paysage, susceptibles d’être érotisés ou désérotisés selon le lieu. Les touristes sexuels occidentaux affirment être frustrés par les possibilités de rencontre dans les pays de provenance, en raison de la ré-affectation des rôles de genre liée à la libération de la femme depuis les années 1970. Ils trouveraient ailleurs, dans des destinations exotiques qui sont souvent d’anciennes colonies, des corps phantasmés comme plus érotiques et des possibilités de rencontre où l’homme blanc détient et exerce (encore) un pouvoir qu’il estime nécessaire à la satisfaction de ses pulsions sexuelles. Le paysage exotique est lui-même aphrodisiaque, non seulement pour le touriste sexuel mais aussi pour tous les touristes, ce qui conduit à reconsidérer la catégorie « tourisme sexuel ». L’imaginaire géographique des touristes sexuels serait le même que celui des autres touristes. Les tourismes sexuels féminin et homosexuel nuancent cet imaginaire, mais ne remettent pas en cause le cadre (néo)colonial dans lequel il s’inscrit.
Genre et espaces du temps libre
Authors: Raibaud Yves
Published: July 2012

Résumé La civilisation des loisirs a des conséquences sur la transformation et la requalification des espaces. Cet article se propose de mettre ces changements « à l’épreuve du genre » en montrant comment ils s’inscrivent dans une continuité historique d’espaces marqués par la ségrégation des sexes, la domination masculine et les stéréotypes de genre, mais aussi par l’émergence d’espaces utopiques de mixité, d’égalité et de tolérance à la diversité. En préambule il sera nécessaire de s’interroger sur les liens qui existent entre corps, genre et espace. Le temps libre sera présenté ensuite comme une mutation importante des sociétés modernes et postmodernes. Sur le corps/espace/temps ainsi décrit, la trame historique fait apparaître la reproduction des rapports de genre mais aussi les mécanismes et les institutions historiques qui tentent d’arracher ces invariants à l’histoire. Quelques exemples empruntés à la géographie du temps libre (lieux sportifs, plages, espaces publics de loisirs urbains) permettent d’illustrer le propos. Le fait d’intégrer la variable sexe/genre à l’analyse des espaces du temps libre peut ouvrir des perspectives innovantes pour une géographie qui serait à la fois sociale et culturelle.
Éléments de réflexion pour une géographie sociale du genre : le cas des femmes dans la ville
Authors: Di Méo Guy
Published: July 2012

Résumé Cet article s’efforce surtout d’établir un lien méthodologique entre théories du genre et géographie sociale. Il propose des outils opératoires (espaces de vie et vécu, territorialité et territoire, lieu et réseau...) dont les résultats d’une expérimentation, réalisée auprès d’un échantillon de Bordelaises, sont présentés. Il s’avère que sous l’influence d’un ordre politique, urbanistique et social de nature masculine et familiale, les femmes interrogées construisent leur propre ville vécue, en fonction de valeurs de genre. Elles y dessinent leurs territoires, leurs réseaux et leurs lieux (tous très diversifiés), que limitent des « murs invisibles ».
Les cours de préparation à la naissance comme espace de ségrégation sexuelle
Authors: Jacques Béatrice
Published: July 2012

Résumé Les cours de préparation à la naissance se présentent comme un des lieux de l’hôpital, le plus genré. Ouverts aux hommes, et parfois même à eux seulement, ils renvoient pourtant encore aujourd’hui au traditionnel gynécée. L’enquête qualitative menée dans plusieurs établissements de soins montre que nous avons affaire à la production d’un impensé paternel, qui empêche les pères de pouvoir jouer totalement le rôle que l’on attend d’eux. Ainsi demande-t-on à ces derniers de prendre une place, alors même qu’aucune des composantes du rôle n’a été réfléchie dans et par l’institution. Nous montrerons aussi, que les futures mères laissent peu de possibilité d’entrée aux hommes dans ces espaces typiquement féminins.
La arqueología contextual: una revisión crítica
Authors: Ruiz Rodríguez Arturo , Chapa Brunet Teresa , Ruiz Zapatero Gonzalo
Published: July 2012

En este trabajo se analiza la creciente importancia de la «Arqueología Contextual», y se realiza una crítica de sus presupuestos teóricos y de sus aplicaciones prácticas, señalándose el efecto que puede desencadenar en la Arqueología española.
El contexto del arte parietal. La tecnología de los artistas en la Cueva de Tito Bustillo (Asturias)
Authors: Moure Romanillo Alfonso , González Morales Manuel R.
Published: July 2012

El trabajo coincide parcialmente con la comunicación presentada al «Colloque International d'Art Parietal Paléolithique» celebrado en Perigueux-Le Thot, en diciembre de 1984. Se analizan las respuestas tecnológicas contenidas en un área de decoración de la cueva de Tito Bustillo (Asturias), así como las actividades en áreas de estancia relacionadas con la preparación y ejecución del arte parietal.
Exvotos ibéricos de bronce: aspectos tipológicos y tecnológicos
Authors: Prados Torreira Lourdes
Published: July 2012

A partir del estudio sistemático de las colecciones de figuras de bronce ibéricas del Museo Arqueológico Nacional de Madrid y del Museo Arqueológico de Barcelona, se establece su ordenación tipológica, y se indican los posibles procesos de fabricación seguidos en su elaboración. Apoyado todo ello, en la realización de un número representativo de análisis arqueometalúrgicos, tanto cualitativos como cuantitativos. Se rechaza la posibilidad de seguir fechando estas piezas en función exclusiva de sus rasgos «estilísticos».