bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Olfactory neuronal precursors as a model to analyze the effects of melatonin in Alzheimer's disease.
Authors: Santillan Morales Valeria , Benitez King Gloria Acacia
Published: December 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disorder of great importance affecting millions globally and its prevalence will triple in the following decades. Therefore, analysis and identification of substances which can effectively reduce the pathological process of this disease in different study models are crucial. Melatonin works as a multitasking substance and some of its activities could be used to target the neurodegenerative process of AD. These include, but not limited to, its potent antioxidant activity, regulation of sleep-wake rhythms (important for the consolidation of memory and cognition) and its action as a neurotrophic growth factor that promotes differentiation and neuronal proliferation. To evaluate the effects of melatonin at cellular level in AD, it is essential to have a study model that reflects the pathological process occurring in the CNS. In this, review we summarize the potential use of olfactory neuronal precursors derived from olfactory neuroepithelium directly obtained from patients for such purposes.
Estimation of some properties of Glass Ionomer Luting Cement reinforced with Zirconium oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: PEERDAWD Bnar Ahmed Perdawd , AL-Hawezi Sazgar Sarbast Qasim AL-Hawezi , Lanja Abubakir Ali  , Abdel-Rahman Hoshang Khalid Abdel-Rahman
Published: December 2023

Aim of the study: This study was designed to examine the effects of addition of Zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO2NPs) into Glass Ionomer luting cement (GIC) on the film thickness, compressive strength and Shear Bond Strength.
Materials and methods: ZrO2NPs at (3% and 5%) concentrations were added to GIC luting cement, while the unmodified GIC cement was used as control.  ISO 9917-1:2007 were used for Film thickness test, compressive strength and Shear Bond Strength. Data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test, using SPSS version 23.                                             
 
Results: The obtained results revealed a statistically significant difference among the tested groups for Film thickness and compressive strength (P<0.05). Regarding Shear Bond Strength test no significant difference was observed.
Conclusion: The incorporation of ZrO2NPs improved compressive strength, increased film thickness concentration-dependently. Yet, didn’t affect shear bond strength.
Analysis of Colour Differences Obtained by Acceptability and Perceptibility Threshold (Visual Method):-Review
Authors: Al-khazraji Khawla , Sleibi Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Backgrounds: Various information about acceptability (AT) and perceptibility thresholds (PT) for colour differences (∆E) was reviewed in dental literatures. There is consensus that determining (∆E) is ideal for identifying AT and PT. However, there is confusion about which values should be used. The aim of this review was to determine the discrepancies in research results and the critical value of ∆E. 
Materials and methods: MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar were screened for studies that investigated colour acceptability, perceptibility, ∆E, but were not sensitive to whether only AT or PT were used. 20 studies matched the study criteria and had been included in this review and clinical measurements were made using spectrophotometers.
Result: Most studies evaluated PT using approximately ∆E = 0.8–1.7. In terms of AT which ranged between 1.8 and 3.7 as a maximum. Many recent studies evaluate AT00=1.8 according to the CIE2000 colour difference formula.
Conclusion: Different formulas as ∆E00 (2000) or ∆Eab(lab) in colour expression may produce different results. The CIElAB formula (ΔEab) has greater evidence; however, current research recommends the CIE2000 formula ∆E. The absence of colourimetric control has a negative effect on overall product quality.
Assessment of the surface roughness and hardness of acrylic resin after incorporation of sodium fluoride salts (An In-vitro Study)
Authors: Hussein Marwah
Published: December 2023

The control of oral hygiene is of great importance, particularly in dental work, to prevent caries caused by bacteria. One method to inhibit bacterial growth is usually by using fluoridated dental materials. The objectives are to assess the effect of sodium fluoride powder (NaF) inclusion with different concentrations on the surface roughness and hardness of heat-cured acrylic resins. A total of forty disc-shaped samples with a diameter of (12±0.1) mm and a thickness of (2±0.1) mm have been fabricated from heat cure acrylic resin. They were grouped into four subgroups according to different concentrations of NaF with 10 specimens for each group. Sodium fluoride powder (NaF) was incorporated into the monomer in concentrations of 0% (control group), 1%, 3%, and 5%. Then mixing was done with polymer according to manufacturer instructions and the conventional flasking, and packing procedures were used. Finally, the specimens are subjected to hardness and surface roughness tests. The results of this study revealed that the lowest mean value surface roughness (Ra) was with the (5%) group of NaF (7828). While, for the surface hardness test, the group (5%) of Naf showed the highest mean value among their subgroups (82.30).  According to the results of the current study, sodium fluoride powder (NaF) has a positive effect on both the surface roughness and hardness of acrylic resin.
Anti-Oxidant Efficacy of Ginger Containing Dentifrice in the Control of Biofilm Induced Gingivitis. ( Randomized Parallel Clinical Trial )
Authors: Al-Alawi Zainab , Abdul Aziz Ahmed Maha
Published: December 2023

Background: Gingivitis induced by biofilm is one of the most prevalent periodontal diseases. Due to their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other multipotent effects, a number of traditional medicinal plants are revered as pharmaceutical alternatives.
 Aim: The aim of the current study was to assess the antioxidant efficacy of ginger containing dentifrice in control patients with biofilm induced gingivitis.
Materials and methods: In a double-blind, randomized, parallel clinical trial, one hundred adults suffering from gingivitis caused by dental biofilm were split into two groups and given either a ginger-containing or a control dentifrice to use for three months. Clinically, periodontal assessment and saliva collection were performed at the baseline visit and after three months of toothpaste use in order to determine the superoxide dismutase level.
Results: Ginger containing dentifrices showed a significantly improved in plaque (0.216+0.069) and bleeding on probing (7.818+7.339) index scores. In addition, a significant increase (22.082+1.510) in the level of SOD antioxidant after 3months compared with control dentifrice. Conclusion: Compared to conventional dentifrices, herbal dentifrices demonstrated promising outcomes.
Effect of Using Race Evo, EdgeFile X7, and Protaper Gold Rotary File Systems on the Fracture Resistance of Obturated Root Canal (A comparative study)
Authors: Kh. A. Alzaidy Israa , M. S. Shukri Biland
Published: December 2023

Aim: The purpose of this research was to compare the fracture resistance of obturated roots prepared by using the Race Evo, Edge File X7, and Protaper Gold file systems.

Materials and methods: 60 extracted maxillary first molars were selected, their coronal portions were removed and their working length was calculated. The samples were separated into three experimental groups according to the used NiTi rotary systems and one control group; each group contains 15 samples. Group one remained uninstrumented (control), Groups 2-4 were instrumented by the Race Evo (FKG Dentaire SA, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland), Edge File X7(Edge Endo; Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States), and Protaper Gold file systems (Dentsply, Maillefer, Switzerland) respectively. After instrumentation, the experimental groups were filled using a single-cone technique. The sealer was mixed according to manufacturing instructions with master Gutta-Percha cones of size 40 (0.04 taper, (Diadent Group International, Korea) for Race Evo and Edge file X7, and size 40 taper 0.06 for the Protaper Gold file system (Dentsply, Maillefer, Switzerland). To set the sealer, the specimens were kept at 37 °C and 100% humidity for two weeks. The root fracture stress was measured in Newtons using Instron universal testing equipment.

Results: One Way ANOVA test showed there was a significant difference in the mean value of the fracture resistance between the four groups (P < 0.05). The LSD test was used for the comparison of the multiple groups so the control group showed the highest fracture resistance among groups (p < 0.05). among the experimental groups, the roots prepared by Race Evo showed the highest fracture resistance (p < 0.05), while roots prepared by Protaper Gold and Edge file x7 showed the lowest fracture resistance with a statistically significant difference (p > 0.05)
DISPARITIES IN RURAL UNIVERSITIES TRANSFORMATION: A REVIEW FROM A SOUTH AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: DAMOAH Benjamin , KHALO Xolani , OMODAN Bunmi
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the South African government has placed a greater emphasis on transforming rural universities. This has been driven by a desire to increase access to higher education and improve the quality of education in rural areas. However, this process has not been without its challenges, among which is the fact that rural areas tend to be less developed than urban areas, making it difficult to attract and remain in the fulcrum of development. This paper is located with an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach toward transforming rural universities in South Africa. A systematic review approach was employed to investigate the problem, which enabled the researchers to draw logical conclusions from the findings of exhaustive literature to address the problem of the paper. After systematic scrutiny, inclusion and exclusion criteria were operationalized by limiting to 8 relevant articles. The databases used were Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Scopus, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC). Findings revealed that Inequality, Poor physical infrastructure, and Lack of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure and training support in Rural Universities were dimensions against rural university transformation in Africa. The paper, therefore, concludes that rural universities (RUs) are grappling with several challenges thwarting their efforts in delivering quality teaching and learning with the recommendation that adequate infrastructure, policy change, and provision of academic support for students should be provided.
ANALISIS FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL MENGGUNAKAN ELEMEN COSO TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI SIKLUS PENGELUARAN DI PT YONGJIN JAVASUKA GARMENT FACTOR 3
Authors: Sri Rahmawati Aulia Nurul Fiqri Sri Rahmawati Aulia Nurul Fiqri
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAK. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat apakah lingkungan pegendalian, penilaian resiko, informasi dan komunikasi, aktvitas pengendalian dan pengawasan berpegaruh secara parsial dan simultan terhadap efektivitas dan efisiensi siklus pengeluaran di PT Yongjin Javasuka Garment Factory 3. Penelitian ini dikembangkan berdasrkan desain penelitian kualitatif yang dikuantitatifkan dengan pendekatan berbentuk hubungan kausal atau sebab akibat. Dalam penelitian ini efektivitas dan efisiensi siklus pengenluaran menjadivariabel terikat (dependen). Sedangkan variabel bebas (independen) nya ialah Lingkungan Pengendalian, Pneliaian Resiko, Informasi dan Komunikasi, Aktivitas Pengendalian dan Pengawasan. Berdasrkan pada uji (R Square) atau koefisien determinasi menghasilkan nilai sebesar 0,329. Hasil ini memberikan arti ada kontribusi sebesar 32,9% dari bariabel bebas (independen) linkungan pengendalian, penilaian resiko, informasi dan komunikasi, penilaian resiko, aktvitas pengendalian dan pengawasan dalam menjelaskan efektivitas dan efisiensi siklus pengeluaran di PT Yongjin Javasuka Garment Factory 3.

Kata Kunci : Pengendalian Internal, Elemen COSO, Efektvitas dan Efisiensi Siklus Pengeluaran.
Employ the Knowledge Accumulation of Human Resources in Strategic Performance
Authors: Muhammad Farag Anmar , Yasin Rahim Muhammad
Published: December 2023

الغرض الرئيسي للبحث هو تشخيص دور التراكم المعرفي للموارد البشرية في تعزيز الأداء الاستراتيجي ، ومن أجل ذلك تم تطبيق البحث على المجتمع المتمثل في القيادات الإدارية المكونة من (108) أفراد موزعين حسب مناصبهم وحسب الهيكل التنظيمي للوزارة. الارتباطات والتأثير والاستفادة منها بتعميم النتائج في مجال البحث. كما تم استخدام الاستبيان كأداة رئيسية لجمع البيانات والمعلومات ، بالإضافة إلى المقابلات التي تمت والزيارات التي تمت للمعهد العالي للأمن والتنمية الإدارية. والتأثير في الإجابة عن الأسئلة المتعلقة بمشكلة البحث والوصول إلى الأهداف المراد تحقيقها. تم استخدام عدة طرق إحصائية ، مثل معامل الانحدار ، ومعامل الارتباط ، والمتوسط الحسابي المرجعي ، والانحراف المعياري ، ومعامل الاختلاف ، بالإضافة إلى عدة أشكال ورسوم توضيحية لإظهار العلاقة بين متغيرات البحث وفرعها. أبعاد. وقد تم التوصل إلى النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها ، وكان من أبرزها وجود أثر ذي دلالة إحصائية لتراكم المعرفة للموارد البشرية على الأداء الاستراتيجي. ومن خلال ذلك ، تمت التوصية بضرورة قيام المعهد العالي للأمن والتنمية الإدارية بتأكيد واستثمار التراكم المعرفي للموارد البشرية في تعزيز أدائها الاستراتيجي.

 

نوع البحث: ورقة بحثية.
The Role of Quality of Work Life in Reinforcing Core Competencies: A Descriptive and analytical research in the Ministry of Health
Authors: Adnan Hasan Ali , Fadhel Kadhem Haider , B. Jawad Alaulddin
Published: December 2023

يهدف البحث إلى تشخيص أوجه القصور ونقاط الضعف في تطبيق أبعاد جودة الحياة الوظيفية ومدى تأثيرها على اتجاهات وسلوكيات الموظفين، وبالتالي علاقتها بتعزيز مقدراتهم الجوهرية. وتنبع القيمة العلمية للبحث من إبراز أهمية أبعاد جودة حياة العمل في تحسين الكفاءة الإنتاجية للعاملين في القطاع العام ورفع مستوى الأداء التنظيمي. ولأن جودة الحياة العملية تلعب دوراً مهماً في تعزيز المقدرات الأساسية للموظفين في القطاع العام، فإنها يمكن أيضاً أن تكون حافزاً أو مثبطاً لأي موظف من خلال التكيف مع الظروف الاقتصادية والاجتماعية التي يعيش فيها الفرد والجهود المبذولة في عملهم. استخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من خلال اعتماد الاستبيان كأداة أساسية. تم اختيار وزارة الصحة كمجتمع للبحث من خلال مسح عينة شملت المدير العام ومساعديهم، ورؤساء الأقسام ومساعديهم، من مدراء الاقسام والشعب والوحدات. وبلغ حجم العينة 155 من قيادات وزارة الصحة، وتم استخدام البرنامج الإحصائي SPSS لتحليل البيانات. وأظهرت نتائج البحث أن هناك علاقة ارتباط وتأثير مباشر لابعاد جودة حياة العمل ومساهمتها في تعزيز المقدرات الجوهرية في الوزارة المبحوثة مما ينعكس على تحسين ادائها الوظيفي بشكل عام.

 

نوع البحث: ورقة بحثية
The Role of Digital Economy in Iraqi Economic Growth for The Period of 2010-2022 (Analytical Study)
Authors: Firas Abdullrada Maryam , Ali Waheeb Bushra
Published: December 2023

يتناول البحث دور الاقتصاد الرقمي في نمو الاقتصاد العراقي خلال الفترة من 2010 إلى 2022. وينطلق البحث من فرضية مفادها أن الاقتصاد الرقمي أصبح أحد المحركات الرئيسية للنمو على مستوى العالم وله علاقة وثيقة بالتنمية الاقتصادية.. ولذلك فإن التحول الرقمي في العراق يمكن أن يسرع عملية سد الفجوات التنموية مع الدول الأخرى.

لقد أصبح من الواضح أن الاقتصاد العراقي يعاني من اختلالات هيكلية لأسباب مختلفة، مما يعيق النمو الاقتصادي. وتشمل هذه الأسباب عوامل سياسية واقتصادية، فضلا عن عدم وجود سياسة مدروسة للنهوض بالقطاع الزراعي الذي يعتبر من القطاعات الأساسية القادرة على تحفيز الاقتصاد العراقي.

توصلت الدراسة الى ان الاقتصاد الرقمي يساهم في زيادة الناتج المحلي الإجمالي إذا تم تطبيق تكنولوجيا الكمبيوتر وتكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات في الأنشطة الاقتصادية مثل الزراعة والصناعة والتجارة والتمويل والخدمات. علاوة على ذلك، فإن التركيز على الخبرات والكفاءات المحلية والأفراد المتعلمين يمكن أن يلعب دورًا مهمًا في هذه العملية وتوصي الدراسة الى  توفير البنية التحتية الأساسية للاقتصاد الرقمي في العراق لخدمة جميع القطاعات وخاصة القطاع الزراعي والتجارة الإلكترونية وتفعيل الابتكار والعمل على الحد من الفساد وتحقيق الاستقرار الأمني لخلق بيئة آمنة للاستثمار الأجنبي لغرض إدخال التكنولوجيا المتقدمة إلى العراق والحفاظ على الكفاءات العلمية ورعايتها ، وإنشاء مؤسسة مستقلة تدير وتنظم تطبيق الاقتصاد الرقمي باعتباره أولوية وطنية ، وتعمل على تحسين تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات.

 

 

نوع البحث: ورقة بحثية[1]
The Importance of Strategic Orientation Dimensions in the Iraqi National Security Service: An Analytical Study
Authors: Hossam al-Rubaie Ammar , Aftan Abdullah Yousif
Published: December 2023

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى التعرف على مستوى التوجه الاستراتيجي بأبعاده (الرؤية والرسالة والاهداف والقيم) في جهاز الامن الوطني العراقي، اتبع الباحثين المنهج الوصفي التحليلي باعتباره أحد أشكال التحليل والتفسير العلمي المنظم لوصف ظاهرة أو مشكلة محددة، اعتمادً الاستمارة (الاستبانة) كونها المصدر الأساس في جمع البيانات والمعدة في سبيل ذلك، والاستناد على برنامج الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS 26) لتحليل البيانات والخروج بنتائج البحث النهائية للتعرف على اراء العينة المقصودة بخصوص موضوع البحث، واعتمد في البحث تدريجات ليكرت الخماسي، تكونت فقرات الاستبانة من (20) فقرة تضمنت متغير البحث، وتم توزيع الاستبيان على مجتمع البحث بواقع (130) استمارة للعاملين في مجال التخطيط في الجهاز المذكور تم استرداد (118) استمارة اختير منها (115) استمارة للتحليل الإحصائي، وذلك لكون (3) استمارات غير صالحة للتحليل، البرامج الاحصائية المعتمدة (المتوسطات الحسابية، الانحراف المعياري، معامل الفروق، الأهمية النسبية)، وقد توصل البحث الى ابرز نتيجة تمثلت في: وجود قيم للإدارة العامة في جهاز الامن الوطني تؤكد على المهنية والنزاهة في العمل حيث يجب على جميع العاملين الالتزام بمبادئ الاخلاق والتزاماتهم واخلاقياتهم المهنية.

 

نوع البحث: ورقة بحثية.
About Semi-parametric Methodology for Fuzzy Quantile Regression Model Estimation: A Review
Authors: Baha Alwan Elaf , Abdulmohsin Ali Omar
Published: December 2023

في هذه البحث، تم تقديم مراجعة لدراسات سابقة حول الانحدار الضبابي. إذ يظهر أنموذج الانحدار الضبابي كتعميم لانموذج الانحدار التقليدي  الذي يصوغ علاقة بين البيئة الضبابية والمتغيرات المستقلة والمعتمدة. كل هذا يمكن تقديمه من خلال انموذج غير معلمي، وكذلك من خلال انموذج شبه معلمي. علاوة على ذلك، تم طرح النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها من الدراسات السابقة في هذا السياق. لذلك نقترح طريقة جديدة في التقدير عبر أوزان جديدة بدلاً من الأوزان القديمة، ونقدم إقتراحاً آخر يستند الى الشبكات العصبية الاصطناعية.

 

نوع البحث: بحث مراجعة.
The Cluster Analysis by Using Nonparametric Cubic B-Spline Modeling for Longitudinal Data
Authors: Nawzat Ahmed Noor , Najm Abdullah Suhail
Published: December 2023

أصبحت البيانات الطولية شائعة بشكل متزايد، خاصة في المجالات الطبية والاقتصادية، وقد تم تحليل وتطوير طرائق مختلفة لتحليل هذا النوع من البيانات.

في الورقة البحثية هذه، تم التركيز على تجميع هذه البيانات وتحليلها، اذ يلعب التحليل العنقودي دورًا مهمًا في تحديد وتجميع الملفات الفرعية والمعبر عنها بمرور الوقت وتوظيفها في نموذج cubic B-spline غير المعلمي، والذي يتميز بكون المشتقات الأولى والثانية لها مستمرة، مما يؤدي إلى منحنى أكثر سلاسة وأكثر مرونة اذ يمكنها التقاط أنماط وتقلبات أكثر تعقيدًا في البيانات.

تم تجميع ملف البيانات الطولية المتوازنة في مجموعات فرعية عن طريق معاقبة المسافات الزوجية بين معاملات نموذج cubic B-spline باستخدام إحدى وظائف العقوبة الشائعة Minimax Concave Penalty function (MCP). وهذه الطريقة بدورها تعمل على تحديد عدد العناقيد من خلال أحد معايير اختيار النموذج وهو معايير المعلومات البايزية (BIC)، واستخدمنا طرائق التحسين لحل معادلاتها. ولذلك قمنا بتطبيق طريقة الاتجاه البديل لخوارزمية مضاعف ADMM للوصول إلى حلول تقريبية لإيجاد مقدرات النموذج غير المعلمي باستخدام برنامج R الإحصائي.

وفي دراسة المحاكاة تم توليد بيانات متوازنة طولياً، ذات احجام عينة 60، 100 subjects، وعدد التكرارات (الزمن) 10 لكل subject. تم تكرار المحاكاة 100 مرة، وأظهرت أن استخدام الطرائق الجزائية MCP في النموذج المكعب يمكن أن يعنقد الملفات الشخصية في مجموعات، وهذا هو الهدف من هذه الدراسة.

 

نوع البحث: ورقة بحثية
Classification of Iraqi Children According to Their Nutritional Status Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Ali Hasan Hussein , Jasim Mohammad Mohammad
Published: December 2023

قدمنا هذا البحث لبناء نظام تصنيف ضبابي لتصنيف الحالة التغذوية للأطفال العراق دون 5 سنوات باستخدام طريقة Mamdani بالاعتماد على متغيرات الادخال الوزن والطول لتحديد الحالة التغذوية للطفل والتصنيف للحالة التغذوية يواجه تحديا صعبا في المجال الطبي بسبب حالة عدم التأكد والغموض في المتغيرات والصفات التي تحدد فئات الحالة التغذوية للأطفال والتي يعتمد عليها التشخيص الطبي في تحديد نوع الامراض المتعلقة في مشاكل سوء التغذية لمعرفة الفئات او المجموعات التي تعاني من سوء التغذية لتحديد المخاطر التي تتعرض لها كل مجموعة او فئة من الأطفال حيث أن سوء التغذية لدى الاطفال تكون من اهم العوامل المساهمة في الأمراض والوفاة. يهدف هذا البحث الى وضع نظام تصنيف ضبابي للمساعدة في تصنيف الحالة التغذوية للأطفال العراق دون سن الخامسة باستخدام المنطق الضبابي حيث تُستمد القواعد الضبابية في التصنيف من طريقة مامداني Mamdani Method وبالتالي بتصنيف للحالة التغذوية لأطفال بشكل أكثر دقة نقلل من فرص التشخيص الخاطئ وتقديم العلاج الملائم لهم بدقة أكثر للارتقاء بالمستوى الصحي للأطفال لبناء مجتمع أكثر مناعة وذات مستوى صحي جيد.

استخدم هذا البحث عينة عنقودية بحجم 16487 مشاهدة من الأطفال العراق دون 5 سنوات، 8427 ذكور، 8060 اناث، قسمت حسب العمر الى 12 فئة او مجموعة. وكانت نتائج هذه الدراسة ان الفئات العمرية اقل من 2، 4، 6، 8 شهر يعانون من نقص في الوزن بنسبة تجاوزت تقريبا 30%، بينما الفئات العمرية 8 شهر الى اقل من سنتين كانوا يعانون من زيادة في الوزن بنسبة تقريبا 30%، اما باقي الاطفال في الفئات العمرية الاخرى ذات حالة تغذوية طبيعية.

 

نوع البحث: بحث تطبيقي
Assessment On Interconnection Between Personal Branding and Job Recruitment Among Students Through A Digital Platform (TikTok)
Authors: Khalili Ayu Balkis , Mustaffa Norsimaa
Published: December 2023

This research examined the assessment on interconnection between personal branding and job recruitment among students through a digital platform which is TikTok. This study examines which TikTok features help students develop personal branding for job recruitment and how they can use the platform to meet digital job recruitment requirements. Snowball sampling selected five USIM students involved in TikTok personal branding for in-depth interviews. The data analysis was manually coding the data revealed themes. The research finding highlighted that the features in TikTok can help develop personal branding, according to the research. It follows by accessibility in every feature on TikTok, personality, creativity, and engagement with the audience. It shows that personal branding leads to job fulfilment and empowerment. This study helps students create originality on TikTok by maintaining their self-identity and presenting employment opportunities. However, a creator's originality can also come from user-audience interaction based on performance, appearance, and manners.
KEPERLEMBAGAAN SEKSYEN 498 KANUN KESEKSAAN: ANALISIS JURISPRUDENS WATAN
Authors: Wan Husain Wan Ahmad Fauzi
Published: December 2023

While Muslims in Malaysia are not yet overcome by shock due to Nik Elin's lawsuit, the atmosphere is re-heated by the repeal of section 498 of the Penal Code by the recent Federal Court’s interpretation. Such development attracted the public to inquire more about the Federal Constitution, especially the position on Islamic law. Section 498 touches on criminal offences that punish men who entice married women with the intent to have illicit intercourse. This article aims to analyse the constitutionality of section 498 of the Penal Code viewed from Article 8(5)(a) and Article 11(5) of the Federal Constitution. The methodology of this study is doctrinal research using Watanic jurisprudence. Although this article touches on the interpretation of section 498 of the Penal Code, it is not intended to discuss the facts of the case in trial at the time this article was written. The analysis here also does not touch on whether the position of the Penal Code, being the existing law, is subject to Article 162(6). However, the repealing effect of section 498 has been duly analysed.  The findings show that the essence of section 498 is based on the teachings of Islam, and a similar provision is stipulated in the Law of the Pahang, Johor, and Perak Codes. It is mandatory for preserving personal law and upholding the principles of morality in accordance with customs and religious beliefs. 
 
ABSTRAK
Walaupun umat Islam di Malaysia masih belum reda dengan kejutan akibat tuntutan mahkamah Nik Elin, suasana kembali hangat dengan pemansuhan seksyen 498 Kanun Keseksaan oleh tafsiran Mahkamah Persekutuan baru-baru ini. Perkembangan itu menarik minat ramai orang untuk bertanya lebih lanjut tentang Perlembagaan Persekutuan, terutamanya kedudukan undang-undang Islam. Seksyen 498 menyentuh kesalahan jenayah yang menghukum lelaki yang menggoda wanita berkahwin dengan niat untuk melakukan persetubuhan luar nikah. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keperlembagaan seksyen 498 Kanun Keseksaan yang dilihat daripada Perkara 8(5)(a) dan Perkara 11(5) Perlembagaan Persekutuan. Metodologi kajian ini adalah penyelidikan doktrin menggunakan jurisprudens watan. Walaupun Artikel ini menyentuh tafsiran seksyen 498 Kanun Keseksaan, ia tidak bertujuan untuk membincangkan fakta kes dalam perbicaraan pada masa Artikel ini ditulis. Analisis di sini juga tidak menyentuh sama ada kedudukan Kanun Keseksaan sebagai undang-undang sedia ada, tertakluk kepada Perkara 162(6). Walau bagaimanapun, kesan pemansuhan seksyen 498 telah dianalisis dengan sewajarnya. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan intipati seksyen 498 adalah berlandaskan ajaran agama Islam, dan peruntukan yang sama termaktub dalam Hukum Kanun Pahang, Johor dan Perak. Adalah satu yang wajib untuk memelihara undang-undang diri dan menegakkan prinsip moral mengikut adat dan kepercayaan agama.
Functional state of the autonomic nervous system in patients with chronic pancreatitis combined with chronic bronchitis
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Byelyayeva N. V.
Published: December 2023

60 patients with chronic pancreatitis (acute exacerbation) combined with chronic bronchitis (mild exacerbation) were examined. 33 almost healthy patients (the control group) were also examined.

The functional state of the autonomic nervous system was assessed using an analysis of heart rate variability.

The study was carried out in two stages. The electrocardiogram was recorded in standard lead II at rest and in active orthostasis for 100 cardiocycles. The obtained data were processed using the Korveg computer program. Based on the data obtained, the following indices were calculated: the regulatory system stress index (SI), which reflects the total activity of the central regulatory mechanisms, allows us to assess the degree of shift of the autonomic balance towards sympathetic regulation, characterizes the stress of compensatory mechanisms, and the level of functioning of the central circuit of heart rate regulation; vegetative balance index (VBI), which reflects the ratio of the activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system; an indicator of the adequacy of regulation processes (IARP), which reflects the adequacy of the activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system; vegetative rhythm index (VRI), which reflects the vegetative balance in terms of assessing the activity of the autonomic regulation circuit; orthoprobe ratio (OR), which is the ratio of the 30th R–R interval to the 15th R–R interval after standing up, this coefficient reflects the state of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

SI was statistically significantly higher in the group of chronic pancreatitis combined with bronchitis at rest than in controls, indicating a shift in the autonomic balance towards the sympathetic system.

VBI in patients with chronic pancreatitis combined with bronchitis was significantly higher in the lying position, but significantly lower in the standing position than in the control group.

IARP was statistically significantly lower in the group of patients in the standing position, which indicates some excessive centralization of heart rate control in comorbidities.

VRI did not differ statistically significantly in the control group and in the group of chronic pancreatitis combined with bronchitis, which indicates the normalization of parasympathetics in the group of patients during exercise.

OR was significantly lower in chronic pancreatitis combined with bronchitis, which indicates an increase in the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Thus, there is an imbalance in the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system in patients with chronic pancreatitis combined with chronic bronchitis, which depends on the position of the patient (lying or standing).
Clinical features of chronic pancreatitis in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients
Authors: Linevska K. Yu.
Published: December 2023

Helicobacter pylori infection (Hp) in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) is analyzed in this article. A comparative assessment of the clinical manifestations of the disease in Hp-infected and non-infected patients is carried out. Peculiarities of pain, dyspeptic syndromes, and palpation data are revealed.

96 patients with CP were examined, including 58 (60.4%) women and 38 (39.6%) men from 16 to 75. In addition to patients with CP, 30 patients with chronic gastritis, duodenitis, gastric ulcer, or duodenal ulcer without clinical, biochemical, or sonographic signs of pancreatic disease were examined (as a comparison group). The control group consisted of 30 healthy individuals.

In patients with CP, the Hp infection rate is higher than in patients with acid-related disorders of the gastroduodenal zone. It is equal to 86.5%.

Pain in the epigastrium, in its right half, and in the right hypochondrium is more typical for CP patients infected with Hp than for non-infected patients. Full belt pain irradiation is more frequent in Hp-infected patients. Constant, intense pain occurs in these patients both before and after meals. The intensity of pain in CP patients infected with Hp is higher than in non-infected patients. In the case of Hp infection, pancreatic pain is more clearly stopped by antisecretory drugs and less clearly by antispasmodics and hunger. In non-infected patients, pain relief is preferably achieved through hunger and antispasmodic drugs.

The severity of dyspeptic manifestations, symptoms associated with functional pancreatic insufficiency, is higher in CP patients infected with Hp than in non-infected patients.

It is proven that the clinical manifestations of functional pancreatic insufficiency are more severe in infected patients.
Optimization of the complex treatment of chronic pancreatitis in elderly patients using systemic enzyme therapy
Authors: Shevchenko N. O. , Babinets L. S.
Published: December 2023

In the last few years, the number of young people with pancreatic pathology has increased.  However, exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis (CP) in “favorable conditions” occurs at any age, leading to extremely unfavorable consequences.

The aim is to study clinical and etiological factors of CP in elderly patients and optimize the complex treatment of this category of patients by including a systemic enzyme therapy agent.

Materials and methods. The study included 98 CP patients, with a mean age of 71.3±1.4 years, who were randomized into two groups. All patients received the standard conventional treatment complex (CTC): pantoprazole 40 mg on an empty stomach on demand; prolonged enzyme replacement therapy with pure pancreatin at an adequate dose with each meal; prokinetics and/or antispasmodics as needed for 6 weeks. The study group was randomized into two groups: group I (CTC) — 20 patients got only CTC; group II (CTC+W) — 78 patients received Wobenzym in addition to CTC, 5 tablets three times per day.

Results and discussion. It has been proven that CP in elderly patients occurs against the background of mixed etiopathogenetic factors: ischemic (87.7%), gastroduodenal (84.7%), and dyslipid (70.4%). Clinically, asthenic and dyspeptic syndromes predominate (92.8% and 77.5%, respectively). According to the anthropometric examination, body weight deficiency is observed in 64.3% of the examined, with endocrine pancreatic insufficiency in 29.6% in terms of fasting glucose and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in 70.4% in terms of FαE. The use of CTC contributed to the reduction of dyspeptic and painful abdominal syndromes (p˂0.05), a decrease in body weight deficit by 4.3% in terms of body mass index, and a tendency to normalize pancreatic function.

Conclusions. The addition of CTC with Wobenzym resulted in a decrease in the clinical manifestations of the disease (p<0.03–p<0.05), an improvement in carbohydrate imbalance in terms of postprandial glycemia (p<0.05), and a trend towards a decrease in the level of glycated hemoglobin by an average of 0.2%. The administration of Wobenzym in the complex treatment of CP in elderly patients contributed to an increase in the level of FαE by 42.6% compared to this index before treatment (p<0.001) and a decrease in nutrient deficiency due to the elevated body mass index of this category of patients by 7.0%.
Frequency, clinical picture, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of the pathology of the digestive tract (esophagus, stomach, and bowel) in IgG4-related disease (autoimmune pancreatitis)
Authors: Gubergrits N. B.
Published: December 2023

Despite the publication of European guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), this problem is very complicated from a practical point of view. There are many publications about autoimmune pancreatitis and liver and biliary tract lesions in IgG4-RD, but the data on the digestive tract lesions are not sufficient. Gastrointestinal manifestations of IgG4-RD are considered to be rare or very rare.

IgG4-RD presenting as esophageal lesions is rare condition. Only single clinical cases are available. I. Obiorah et al. reported the highest number of cases of IgG4-related esophagitis (8 cases). Interestingly, 7/8 cases reported by I. Obiorah et al. were males (age range: 18 to 79 years), and most patients had dysphagia as the most prominent symptom, with erosions and strictures at endoscopy. Histologically, all patients had a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and storiform fibrosis, while obliterative phlebitis was observed in 3/8 patients. Hence, 2 of the 3 major histological “Boston criteria” of IgG4-RD were fulfilled in all patients. Besides, all patients had at least 50 IgG4-positive cells per HPF (range: 50–110), and IgG4/IgG ratios of at least 50% (range: 50–90%). Of I. Obiorah’s patients, s-IgG4 had only been measured in three — all of whom had values in the normal range. Esophageal strictures were identified in three patients, two patients had achalasia.

Based on K. Notohara’s series and the other published cases, it can be concluded that gastric IgG4-RD often (but not always) seems to be clinically asymptomatic, that s-IgG4 is elevated in a considerable number of cases, and histologically, that at least two of the Boston criteria often are found. The recommended cut-off of 50 IgG4-positive cells and IgG4/IgG ratios of >40% was often fulfilled in the reported cases of IgG4-RD.

There are few reports of IgG4-RD involving the duodenum, duodenal papilla, ileum with small bowel obstruction caused by pseudotumor or sclerosing disease of the small bowel with luminal narrowing.

There are case reports of IgG4-RD with lesion of ileocecal area with an obstructing ileocecal mass and appendix, mimicking Crohn’s disease, appendicitis or appendiceal tumor. IgG4-related inflammatory bowel disease may — rarely — also be one of manifestations of IgG4-RD.

Treatment should be conducted in accordance with European guidelines.
Global and regional patterns in distribution and threat status of zoo collections of turtles and tortoises
Authors: Ahmed Khalid , Tapley Benjamin , Michaels Christopher J.
Published: December 2023

Turtles are a globally threatened group of reptiles. Zoo populations may contribute to the conservation of species, including turtles, but collection composition may not align with conservation needs. We combined data from the Zoological Information Management System (ZIMS), EDGE of Existence, the IUCN Red List and the Reptile Database to investigate zoo turtle holdings on global and regional scales. Globally, zoo collections were representative of turtle diversity, regional species distributions and threat statuses, indicating no bias towards threatened species and no taxonomic or distribution blind spots. Species kept in zoos had significantly lower EDGE scores than those not represented, and threatened species were no more likely to have been bred in the year prior to data collection (before March 2022) or have non-viable populations, but were more likely to have a larger population size. Although Africa, Asia and South America have the smallest turtle holdings in terms of species, allowing for regional capacity, these regions hold more, while Europe holds fewer than expected turtle species – North American and Asian holdings do not differ from expected. African, Asian, North and South American regions significantly bias their collections towards native species. We found evidence for significant increases in turtle populations at the genus level following the EAZA Shellshock campaign in Europe. ZIMS data are limited by taxonomy, membership and accuracy of records but provide the best window into patterns of zoo turtle collections. While holding a species in a zoo does not equate to conservation value, based on these data, we recommend that conservation prioritisation exercises are developed for all turtle species, holding institutions or regional taxonomic advisory address population viability and support for institutions working with significant turtle populations in captivity to join ZIMS is provided. Keywords: chelonia, ex-situ, zoos, conservation, ZIMS
Living on the EDGE: From the evolutionary uniqueness to the conservation status of the Colombian elapids and viperids
Authors: Moya-Bedoya Yolima , Cortés-Díaz Daniela , Grajales-Andica Andrés Felipe , Martínez-Arias Víctor M. , Cáceres-Rave Juan Esteban , Vargas-Salinas Fernando , Buitrago-Torres Diana L.
Published: December 2023

Phylogenetics applied to conservation provides a comprehensive and alternative approach that contributes to prioritising species and areas for conservation, even if the species have significant information gaps concerning their ecology. Using a distribution of 10,000 phylogenetic trees of the 30 elapid and 21 viperid snakes in Colombia, we calculated the species evolutionary distinctiveness (ED) scores. Then, based on the ED median values reported from previously fully-sampled phylogenies of squamates, we quantified evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered (EDGE) scores and, with updated distribution maps of the species, we computed and plotted biogeographically weighted evolutionary distinctiveness (BED) scores. Among threatened species, Bothrocophias campbelli reached the highest ED score. This species, together with Micrurus medemi, are the top EDGE species, and with Micrurus renjifoi achieved the highest BED scores. The spatial patterns of richness and BED values highlight the Andean, Amazonian and Pacific regions as biodiversity hotspots. Although some areas are under some protection status, anthropic pressures, such as deforestation, along with the lack of knowledge about these snakes, exhibit a worrisome panorama. Thus, it is imperative to implement conservation measures focused on areas where species with both ecological and evolutionary value are concentrated. Keywords: Coral snakes, Elapidae, evolutionary distinctiveness, global endangerment, phylogenetic diversity, Viperidae, vipers
Dark future for a black salamander: effects of climate change and conservation implications for an endemic alpine amphibian
Authors: Giuliano Davide , Seglie Daniele , Bergò Paolo Eusebio , Cavalcante Riccardo , Favelli Marco , Gigio Bruno Aimone , Bloc Alain , Gaggino Anna , Massara Matteo , Pucci Alessandra , Rastelli Marco , Miaud Claude , Rizzioli Barbara
Published: December 2023

Climate change is threatening several montane species across the world, including a large number of endemics, needing the development of forward-looking conservation strategies to foster their future survival. In this context, Species Distribution Models (SDMs) represent a useful method to forecast changes in species’ habitat suitability under different scenarios of global warming, often advising conservation frameworks with credible, defensible and repeatable information. In this paper, we estimate the environmental and bioclimatic suitability for an endemic mountain amphibian (Salamandra lanzai) in the western European Alps through an SDM approach, considering both current and future scenarios, to address short- and long-term management and conservation actions, and to update the current IUCN extinction risk assessment. The ensemble model forecasts predict a dramatic decline of the climatically suitable area for the Lanza’s alpine salamander in the next 20–40 years, even considering an optimistic CO2 emissions scenario, leading to a theoretical extinction of this species in 2100 in case the worst global warming prediction will be actualised. This underlines the urgent need for up-to-date conservation and management strategies to ensure the successful mitigation of climate change effects on S. lanzai, especially by adapting and improving the network of protected areas, immediately removing additional threats and identifying possible management actions able to increase fine-scale habitat suitability and connectivity among populations. In addition, a significant range contraction in the future has to be considered when assessing the extinction risk for this species, possibly exacerbating the effect of other threatening factors, such as the spread of lethal pathogens. Keywords: Salamandra lanzai, ensemble models, environmental suitability, bioclimatic suitability, future projections
Digitalization as a means of achievement of economic and out-economic aims (on the example of struggle for control of the southern international trade ways) (part 2)
Authors: Selishchev Nikolay
Published: December 2023

It is considered general questions of the digital development, the strong and the weak sides of digitalization in the modern conditions of sanctions and counter-sanctions. It is studied, by which historical and ideological motives sanction’s sponsors are guided. It is analyzed  the role of digitalization in the struggle for control of the  southern international  trade ways – the African one, Azov – Black sea’s one, transport corridor «North – South» (Russia – Iran – India with a  possible branch to the east of Africa). It is mentioned the significance of historical experience, people’s mentality and geopolitical prerequisites in concluding of new economical alliances.
Simulation modelling of multi-agent regional socio-economic systems: methods and examples
Authors: Beklaryan Gayane
Published: December 2023

The paper presents a new approach to modelling multi-agent regional socio-economic systems. Within the framework of the proposed approach, the possibilities of constructing hybrid multi-level simulation models using methods system dynamics and agent-based modelling, designed to assess the state of individual regions, characterizing the economic growth rate (e. g., the GRP dynamics) and finding solutions to improve them. As a result, it is possible to study the characteristics of the regional socio-economic system, taking into account the complex relationships and interactions between economic agents and the external environment. At the same time, the use of the simulation modelling tools such as the AnyLogic makes it possible to implement a decision-making system for regional socio-economic planning as the software framework.
Localization of a Retro Rectal Hydatid Cyst: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Osmane Rania , Sarraj Achref , Baccouche Seifeddine , Wael Ferjaoui , Bacha Douha , Hafedh Mestiri
Published: December 2023

Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is a worldwide zoonotic infection caused by the larval stage of  Echinococcus  granulosus. It has a widespread distribution in the human population of Tunisia.The liver hydatid cysts are the most commun abdominal site. However, other rare intra cavity location, can occur.   We report the case of 56 year old patient with surgical history for liver hydatid cyst. Ten years after surgery, he was presented with chronic abdominal pain and constipation. The imaging results were all in favor of a retro rectal hydatid cyst. A total resection of the hydatid cyst was executed good outcomes.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2023;10(2):101-103
Nts on the Incidence and Damage of Flea Beetle (Phyllotreta Nigripes) and Thrips (Megalurothrips Usitatus) on Mungbean
Authors: Ullah Mohammad Habib , Khan Md Mohasin Hussain
Published: December 2023

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatments for the management of flea beetles and thrips of mungbean using BARI Mung-6 as experimental material. Nine treatments, viz., T1 = Use of White sticky trap, T2= Bioneem plus (Azadirachtin) 1%EC @ 1 ml/L of water at 40 DAS, T3 = Virtako (Chlorantraniliprole + Thiamethoxam) 40 WG @ 0.15g/L of water at 40 DAS, T4 = Amithrin plus 3% WDG @ 1 ml/L of water at 40 DAS, T5 = Ecomec (Abamectin) 1.8 EC @ 1 ml/L of water at 40 DAS, T6 = Nitro (Chlorpyriphos + Cypermethrin) 505 EC @ 1 ml/l of water at 40 DAS, T7 = Raise (Chlorantraniliprole) 20 SL @ 3 ml/L of water at 40 DAS and T8 = control were applied. Data were recorded on the number of flea beetles per plant, leaf area damaged by flea beetles, number of thrips-infested flowers per plant, and number of thrips per 20 opened flowers. Results revealed that the lowest number of flea beetles (3.00/m2 plants) and the highest percent reduction (64.71%) of flea beetle population over control were recorded in Virtako 80 WG at 0.15 g/L of water-treated plots. The lowest percent damage (3.75%) of leaf area and the highest percent reduction (79.73%) of leaf area damage over control were observed in Virtako-treated plots. The lowest number of thrips population (1.50/20 flowers), the highest percent of thrips population reduction (85.37%) over control, the lowest number of infested flowers (0.88/20 flowers) by thrips, and the highest percent reduction (88.65%) of flower infestation over control were found in mungbean plants treated with Raise 20 SL @ 3 ml/L of water. A strong negative correlation between the number of flea beetles and total yield was observed. There were negative relationships between the number of thrips, percent flower infestation, and total yield. Therefore, the application of Virtako 80 WG at 0.15 g/L and Raise (Chlorantraniliprole) 20 SL at 3 ml/L were found to be the best treatments for controlling flea beetles and thrips on mungbean.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 49(2): 225-235, December 2023