bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of ozonation on resistance of ovine and human erythrocytes to hypothermic storage
Authors: Holovina K. M. , Bobrova O. M. , Kovalenko S. Y. , Hovorova Y. S. , Nardid O. A.
Published: June 2021

Long-term hypothermic storage of animal blood can lead to the loss of its quality and can cause complications in recipient animals after transfusion, so the search for new methods of increasing the preservation of erythrocytes after hypothermic storage continues. The article presents the data of the ozonation effect on the preservation rate of ovine and human erythrocytes during hypothermic storage with Alsever’s solution and mannitol medium. Hemolysis, osmotic fragility and distribution density of ovine and human erythrocytes by the sphericity index were determined at different stages of hypothermic storage. The ovine erythrocytes in the control had a lower osmotic resistance compared to human erythrocytes; however, their osmotic fragility did not change significantly after hypothermic storage for 8 weeks, and for human erythrocytes, it significantly increased. Storage of ovine and human erythrocytes longer than 8 weeks led to a sharp hemolysis, while the level of hemolysis of ovine erythrocytes was lower than that of human erythrocytes. Preservation of ozonated erythrocytes is higher than non-ozonated ones during prolonged hypothermic storage. The effect of ozonation on the preservation rate of red blood cells depended on the composition of the preservation media. Hypothermal storage of human erythrocytes in Alsever’s solution for up to 8 weeks led to a shift in the density of distribution according to the sphericity index towards spheroidization of cells; in a medium with mannitol, the number of flattened cell forms increased. After 8 weeks of hypothermic storage of ovine erythrocytes, most of the cells had high sphericity indices. Pretreatment of human and sheep erythrocytes with ozone allows the distribution of cells to be kept closer to the control during long-term storage, which is especially pronounced in mannitol medium. Ovine erythrocytes retained the ability to form rosettes with human T-lymphocytes after hypothermic storage for up to 12 weeks. Thus, ozone pretreatment and the use of mannitol as part of hypothermic storage medium could be an approach to improve the quality of preserved ovine erythrocytes.
Народна школа грамоти в таборі полонених українців Вецляр, Німеччина (вересень 1915 – березень 1917 рр.): короткий нарис історії створення та діяльності.
Authors: Срібняк Ігор Володимирович
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the specifics of the functioning of the public school in the Wetzlar Camp of Ukrainian prisoners of war who served in the tsarist army. The authors also identify the impact of education on the prisoners. Although the school was an effective tool of the Ukrainization processes, its influence was limited by strong anti-Ukrainian obstruction by the Black Hundred groups’ members and the Little Russians during September 1915 – October 1916. They were kept in the camp for many months. Nevertheless, the teaching staff of the school did not stop their work, contributing into the formation of national consciousness of their Ukrainian students. In the autumn of 1916, the efforts of the local Ukrainian clubs and institutions (including the public school) brought about a cumulative effect – most campers had adhered pro-Ukrainian views and begun actively participate in the activity of camp cultural and educational centres. This way the public school became a kind of «centre of gravity» throughout the camp and the number of its students grew steadily. It happened because the prisoners realized the ultimate need for their own education. They wanted to get rid of their illiteracy and acquired additional primary knowledge from various subjects offered to them by the school. The teachers staff were the civilian members of the Educational Department of the “Union for the Liberation of Ukraine”. Thanks to them, the prisoners had the opportunity to learn Ukrainian literature, as well as get some knowledge in history and geography of Ukraine, arithmetic and science. Thus, because of the public school, the prisoners not only acquired literacy, got writing and grounding in mathematics, but they also broaden their minds.  The irreversible changes in their national character happened due to the education and consistent patriotic position of the teachers. After visiting school, most of students were already inextricably linked to Ukraine, ready to share their knowledge to affirm national ideals among the Ukrainians.

Key words: Ukrainians – prisoners of war, public school, alphabet, teacher, student, Wetzlar camp, Germany.
Гуманитарная экспедиция Рейна Виллинка в Молочанский меннонитский округ. Между реконструкцией и эмиграцией: голландская помощь Украине 1922–1929 гг.
Authors: Штаай Ад ван де
Published: June 2021

The efforts by the American Mennonite Relief organization to provide famine relief to Russia in the early 1920s are relatively well known. Far less known are the actions of Dutch Mennonite relief efforts at the same time, which were intended to strengthen the ties between Dutch and Ukrainian Mennonites. These actions were led by Rein Willink, whose letters to his parents and reports to Frederik Fleischer, the secretary of the Algemeene Commissie voor Buitenlandsche Nooden (General Committee for Foreign Needs), are the main source for this article. Whereas the American Mennonite Relief directed its aid to the whole of Russia, the Dutch Mennonites restricted themselves to the Mennonite colony of Molochna. Although the total contribution of Dutch Mennonites to Russian co-religionists was modest compared to that of the North Americans, it was nonetheless very important when viewed from the perspective of Mennonites who did not emigrate from Molochna in the 1920s.
Радянські шведи в пошуках кращого життя: між Швецією та СРСР
Authors: Кудрицька Тетяна Леонідівна
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the short period of the Soviet Swedes living outside the USSR in Sweden (while their re-emigration). It is proved that majority of the native Swedes saw the common roots with the Soviet Swedes diaspora, approved their reunion and admired their ability to preserve national identity for a long period (about two hundred years) of living outside Sweden. Their arrival in the Motherland was called as reunification. However, there was also a different opinion among the native Swedish society. Some parts of the Swedes were criticising the Swedish government for the financial support of the resettlement. In the context of the economic crisis in the country, the Soviet Swedes were considered as a labor force. The Swedish government set up a committee to take care of the migrants` adaptation. The committee planned to сonnect the Soviet Swedes to successful farmers so that they could get business experience. The settlers were reported that all the money, having spent on their settlement, was only a government loan that they would have to repay. The mismatch between the expectations and the reality, the new conditions and requirements (loans and interest rates, capitalist competition and a new type of society) they faced, gave rise to the Soviet Swedes' desire to seek an even better fate. The last one they traditionally associated with relocation and emigration. Under the influence of the communist propaganda, some poor Swedes decided to return to the USSR. Changing their plans for future, they considered their departure to Sweden as a reckless step and proclaimed the Soviet Union their only true homeland. The back return of 265 Swedes (33% of the diaspora) to the USSR proved that the mentality of the Ukrainian Swedish immigrants had been changed by the Bolsheviks power and national policy. It turned out that the paternalistic policy of the state during the Russian Empire and the uninitiated life during the Soviet era (when the Swedes realized that nothing depended on them) did make some of them a kind of "other" people. This thing changed them so much that they were ready to be satisfied with small possibilities. That is why they were unable to take risks, could not live under the condition of competitive society and capitalist market.
STYLISTIC INTERPRETATION OF SHORT STORIES BY F. S. FITZGERALD
Authors: Semeshko Nina
Published: June 2021

The main task of an artistic text interpretation is to get maximum ideas and feelings of an artist blocked up there. Interpretation is always a version which can be disproved. F. ScottFitzgerald is one of the greatest American writers notable for his unique originality. He is well – known not only for his famous novels but also for his brilliant short stories where hereproduced the crucial moment in the consciousness of the American people. His individual style is considered to be one of the best in American literature. He was a reformer of theAmerican short story as far as the plot structure is concerned. Many of his short stories have unexpected or symbolic endings ruining the traditional «happy end».
Economías creativas en centros históricos. La Habana Vieja
Authors: Montero Graniela Alberto
Published: June 2021

La difícil realidad que viven los países del tercer mundo a causa de la insuficiencia de sus economías exige el desarrollo de nuevas tendencias y paradigmas de modelos económicos que complementen a las economías tradicionales. Las Economías Creativas constituyen un sistema de crecimiento económico y social que agrupa nuevas estrategias de calidad de vida y desarrollo. El patrimonio material e inmaterial de Cuba tiene un alto valor, y el Centro Histórico La Habana Vieja es un reconocido referente de conservación de identidad cultural, por sus exitosas formas de gestión del patrimonio y la puesta en valor de inmuebles olvidados. Teniendo en cuenta el contexto socioeconómico cubano y los objetivos manejados por la Oficina del Historiador de la ciudad de La Habana, este trabajo constituye una indagación de las posibilidades y ventajas de aplicación de las Economías Creativas en el panorama contemporáneo nacional, a partir de algunas experiencias llevadas a cabo en ese territorio.
Tenencia del suelo, normativas y neoliberalismo en Latinoamérica
Authors: Mosso Emilia
Published: June 2021

En el contexto de la política urbana contemporánea, vinculada a la problemática de la propiedad del suelo para familias empobrecidas, que se muestra activo y divergente en Latinoamérica, la reciente implementación de la Ley Nacional N° 27.453/2018 de Regularización Dominial sancionada en Argentina se enmarca en el seno de la discusión. Utilizando como principal instrumento la expropiación pública de terrenos privados, la regularización dominial es argumentada como una política de inclusión que posibilita la incorporación de propietarios plenos, entre otras cuestiones, siguiendo la injerencia del economista neoliberal De Soto. A partir de una metodología de abordaje cuali-cuantitativa, y de la utilización de fuentes secundarias —documentos, normativas, publicaciones, entre otras— emitidas en el ámbito nacional e internacional y vinculadas a la temática propuesta, esta investigación se propone abordar los argumentos teóricos que legitiman la reciente ley, abordando estas estrategias en relación con otras normativas y programas que, aunque instrumentalizados previamente en Latinoamérica y en la Argentina, comparten la injerencia teórica del entramado discursivo proveniente de la línea teórica neoliberal, en defensa de la tenencia segura desde, al menos, mediados de la década de 1970.
Diagnóstico y planificación del espacio público urbano. Análisis espacial soportado en la participación ciudadana
Authors: Jiménez Caldera Juan Eduardo , Durango Severiche Gren Yohana
Published: June 2021

Este articulo expone el desarrollo de un análisis espacial enfocado en el diagnóstico y la planificación del espacio público articulador, de intercambio y encuentro ciudadano existente en la Comuna 2 de la ciudad de Montería. Los datos utilizados provienen de la participación voluntaria de los ciudadanos usuarios de estos espacios, a través de un formulario web georreferenciado implementado como prueba piloto. Se aplicaron procedimientos y técnicas con base en elementos de análisis claves, que conllevaron a concluir que en este sector de la ciudad no se dan las condiciones ideales para que el espacio público sea totalmente funcional en beneficio de la ciudadanía. Los resultados destacan el importante rol de la ciudadanía como colaboradora activa en los procesos relacionados con la planificación de los elementos estructurantes de las urbes, por ser una fuente fiable e inagotable de datos insumos requeridos, que respaldan la toma de decisiones.
Identificando las complicidades urbanas del COVID-19 en Latinoamérica. El caso de las ciudades peruanas.
Authors: Palomino Pichihua Yeimis Milton
Published: June 2021

El mundo entero viene atravesando una severa crisis sanitaria, generada por el avance del COVID-19 y sus impactos sobre la salud de la población más vulnerable. Esta situación tiene como principales escenarios de batalla a nuestras ciudades, las mismas que cumplen un papel ambivalente: pues protegen y ofrecen cobijo a sus habitantes, mientras que los exponen a un inusitado riesgo de contagio producto de las grandes aglomeraciones. El presente estudio, intenta desarrollar este problema de la mano del análisis de indicadores urbanos. Mediante la identificación de dos variables independientes de contagio (incidencia y tasa de crecimiento), sumado al cálculo de coeficientes de correlación bivariante, revela los estrechos vínculos entre los rasgos urbanos preexistentes y la propagación del virus. Los resultados nos exhortan a poner atención a las debilidades estructurales de nuestros espacios urbanos. Entendidas como limitaciones que, desde la perspectiva de este estudio, son capaces de magnificar los efectos locales de la actual emergencia sanitaria global.
The switching control method for the nonlinear response of seismic surface based on the local T-S model
Authors: Jiang Yudong , Luo Jinming , Azarkhosh Hojatallah , Wu Erjun
Published: June 2021

Based on the local T-S model, the switching control method for the nonlinear response of the seismic surface is studied, and the stiffness matrix of the composite interlayer element of viscoelastic damper and herringbone support is derived. The high-order single step ß method is applied to the nonlinear seismic response analysis and the instantaneous optimal active switching control. The local T-S model and controller are designed, and the approach and control of global nonlinear responses are realized through the multi-model switching control. The results show that the proposed method can accurately reflect the reduction of seismic ground load and the switching control of the main structure when the viscoelastic damper is installed. The switching control effect of the maximum spatial displacement becomes more and more obvious with the change of time history, and the control effect of all layers applying the switching control force is the most significant. Whether the controller is disturbed or not, it is always good and stable performance.
Burial history and the evolution of hydrocarbon generation in Carboniferous-Permian coal measures within the Jiyang super-depression, China
Authors: Sijie Han , Shuxun Sang , Peiming Zhou , Jinlong Jia , Jingjing Liang
Published: June 2021

In the Jiyang Sub-basin, Carboniferous-Permian (C-P) coal-measure source rocks have experienced complex multi-stage tectonics and therefore have a complex history of hydrocarbon generation. Because these coal measures underwent multi-stage burial and exhumation, they are characterized by various burial depths. In this study, we used the basin modeling technique to analyze the relationship between burial history and hydrocarbon generation evolution. The burial, thermal and maturity histories of C-P coals were reconstructed, including primary hydrocarbon generation, stagnation, re-initiation, and peak secondary hydrocarbon generation. The secondary hydrocarbon generation stage within this reconstruction was characterized by discontinuous generation and geographical differences in maturity due to the coupled effects of depth and a delay of hydrocarbon generation. According to the maturity history and the delay effect on secondary hydrocarbon generation, we concluded that the threshold depth of secondary hydrocarbon generation in the Jiyang Sub-basin occurred at 2,100 m during the Yanshan epoch (from 205 Ma to 65 Ma) and at 3,200 m during the Himalayan period (from 65 Ma to present). Based on depth, residual thickness, maturity, and hydrocarbon-generating intensity, five favorable areas of secondary hydrocarbon generation in the Jiyang Sub-basin were identified, including the Chexi areas, Gubei-Luojia areas, Yangxin areas, the southern slope of the Huimin depression and southwest of the Dongying depression. The maximum VRo/burial depth (%/km) occurred in the Indosinian epoch as the maximum VRo/time (%/100Ma) happened in the Himalayan period, indicating that the coupling controls of temperature and subsidence rate on maturation evolution play a significant role in the hydrocarbon generation evolution. A higher temperature and subsidence rate can both enhance the hydrocarbon generation evolution.
The SHRIMP U-Pb isotope dating of Mesozoic volcanic from Zhangwu-Heishan Area, West Liaoning Province, China
Authors: Hou Chaoyong , Cai Houan , Pei Senlong
Published: June 2021

The Zhangwu-Heishan area is located in the east of the Fuxin-Yixian basin. Besides the Quaternary soil, the study area is mostly covered with volcanic rock. The horizon and age of volcanic rock play an essential role in understanding fossil beds, structures, and sedimentary evolution of West Liaoning Province and coal seeking. During this work, 11 volcanic rock samples were measured by SHRIMP U-Pb isotope analysis. Based on the reported data on the age of the Mesozoic volcanic rock in West Liaoning Province, in combination with new measurement data, Cretaceous volcanic activities in West Liaoning Province can be divided into five stages, namely 132±1 Ma, 126±1 Ma, 122±2 Ma, 115±2 Ma, and 100±5 Ma. Based on statistical results, this paper concluded that the thinning time of the crust in Northeast China is from 132±1 Ma to 115±2 Ma.
Molecular study of sticky platelet syndrome using exome sequencing
Authors: Pérez-Niño Jaime José , Barros-García Gisela , Garcés María Fernanda , Caminos Jorge Eduardo , Brion María , Beltrán-Dussán Eduardo Humberto
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Sticky platelet syndrome (SPS) is a prothrombotic condition characterized by increased platelet aggregation that causes arterial and venous thrombosis. Its diagnosis is reached by identifying increased aggregation using low concentrations of adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine in platelet aggregation tests.
Objectives: To identify common mutations through exome sequencing in two patients from the same family diagnosed with SPS and, thus, contribute to the molecular study of this disease.
Materials and methods: Descriptive study. In January 2018, exome sequencing was performed in a 10-year-old patient treated at Fundación HOMI (Bogotá D.C., Colombia), index case, and in one of his adult first-degree relatives, both with a history of thrombotic disease and diagnosed with SPS. Exome sequencing was performed at the Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (Spain) using the SureSelect Clinical Research Exome V2 software by Agilent.
Results: Exome sequencing led to detect genetic variants in both cases when compared with the reference sequence. The following variant was identified in the two samples: a cytosine to thymine transition at position c.236 (NM_000174.4) of the glycoprotein (GP)Ib-IX-V complex platelet membrane receptor, which causes a heterozygous transition of the amino acid threonine to isoleucine (i.e., a transition from hydrophilic amino acid to a hydrophobic amino acid) at position p. 79 of the extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain of GPIbα subunit of the (GP)Ib–IX complex, involving a conformational change of the main receptor of ligands IB alpha, which might result in platelet hyperaggregation and thrombosis. This variant has not been described in patients with SPS to date.
Conclusion: The mutation identified in both samples could be related to SPS considering the importance of glycoprotein IX in platelet function.
Diagnostic performance of platelet count/spleen diameter ratio to detect esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Martínez-Marín Julián David , Marrugo-Padilla Katherine , Garzón-Olarte Martín Alonso
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The platelet count/spleen diameter (PC/SD) ratio is a noninvasive method for the diagnosis of esophageal varices (EV) used as an alternative to endoscopy in patients with cirrhosis.
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the PC/SD ratio (cut-off point <909) to detect EV in patients with cirrhosis treated at a tertiary referral hospital in Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
Materials and methods: A prospective diagnostic test accuracy study was conducted in 66 patients with cirrhosis treated at the Hospital Universitario de La Samaritana between July and December 2018. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed. In addition, the diagnostic performance of the PC/SD ratio (cut-off point <909) for the detection of EV was compared with the findings reported in the esophagogastroduodenoscopy (gold standard), calculating its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (LR+), and negative likelihood ratio (LR-). A significance level of p<0.05 was considered.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 65.5 years, 53.03% were female, and the most common causes of cirrhosis were alcohol consumption (40.90%) and autoimmune hepatitis (22.72%). EV was diagnosed in 48 patients (72.72%). The PC/SC ratio showed sensitivity of 60%, specificity of 78%, PPV of 0.88, NPV of 0.42, LR+ of 2.73, and LR- of 0.51.
Conclusion: The low sensitivity, specificity, and NPV found in the present study suggest that the PC/SD ratio (cut-off point <909) may not be a useful diagnostic test for detecting EV in patients with cirrhosis.
Seudohipoparatiroidismo asociado con síndrome de Gitelman. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Saavedra-López Harold Felipe , Meléndez-Rhenals Sugeich
Published: June 2021

Introducción. El seudohipoparatiroidismo (SPT) es una enfermedad genética con una prevalencia muy baja que causa resistencia a la paratohormona (PTH), con complicaciones subsecuentes a la hipocalcemia resultante.
Presentación del caso. Hombre de 37 años con antecedente de crisis tetánicas desde la infancia y con diagnóstico impreciso de parálisis periódica hipocaliémica desde 2013 que ingresó al servicio de urgencias de un hospital de segundo nivel de Bogotá D.C., Colombia por experimentar parestesias en manos y pies durante dos días que empeoraron a espasmos dolorosos intermitentes. El paciente negó antecedentes genéticos familiares. En los exámenes de laboratorio se reportó hipocalcemia, hipomagnesemia, hiperfosfatemia e hipocalemia, además de niveles elevados de PTH (369 pg/ml), por lo que, luego de descartarse varias causas de hiperparatiroidismo secundario, se sospechó hipocalcemia dependiente de PTH, compatible con SPT. Al mismo tiempo, el paciente presentó alcalosis metabólica compensada, aumento de pérdidas renales de potasio, hipocalciura y presión arterial normal, por lo que se sospechó síndrome de Gitelman (SG). Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, se inició suplementación de calcio, potasio y magnesio, obteniéndose una resolución completa de los síntomas y niveles normales de electrolitos. En todo caso, debe mencionarse que debido a que en el hospital no se contaba con los medios necesarios para realizar las pruebas genéticas, algo común en Colombia, no fue posible confirmar el diagnóstico de las dos condiciones.
Conclusión. Si bien en este caso no fue posible obtener la confirmación genética del diagnóstico de SPT y SG, este sería el segundo caso reportado en el mundo de un paciente con sospecha clínica de SPT y SG, lo que podría constituir una nueva mutación genética aún desconocida que explique la ocurrencia simultánea de estas dos condiciones.
Publicación de los trabajos calificados como “top ten” en los congresos científicos de estudiantes de medicina del Perú
Authors: Aquino-Canchari Christian , Ticona Diana Manuela , Alarco Juan Jhonnel
Published: June 2021

En Perú cada año se realiza el Congreso Científico Nacional (CCN) de Estudiantes de Medicina, un evento organizado por la Sociedad Científica Médico Estudiantil Peruana (SOCIMEP) que desde 1987 reúne a estudiantes de 40 facultades de medicina del país con el objetivo de promover la investigación científica durante el pregrado. Para cumplir con este propósito, en cada CCN se realiza un concurso científico que evalúa y premia los mejores trabajos en tres modalidades: trabajos de investigación, proyectos de investigación y casos clínicos.
The Salience of Saintliness in Islam: A Sufi Perspective
Authors: Hegazy Wael
Published: June 2021

While materialism largely failed in achieving humanity’s essential goal of attaining happiness in life, as it intensified people’s attachment to the material world, spirituality represents an alternative way towards accomplishing ultimate joy. Multiple approaches have brought the value of spirituality. Classical saintly experience and practice have played a significant role in Islamic spirituality and became in its various forms integrated into social, political, and intellectual life. This paper discusses the ascetic practices of Sufis in approaching the ultimate spiritual goal of inner purification. While classical Sufism’s disciplinary methods have varied significantly across time and place, in many cases, these practices revolve around obedience and asceticism. It then discusses the unique attributes Sufi saints are characterized that speak to the existence of more profound dimensions of reality such as Wilāya and Baraka and their impact on social life.
Modelling of Chronic Stress in Male Rats Subjected to Prolonged Isolation
Authors: Ivanova Yulia , Maltsev Mikhail , Kuzubov Alexander , Mohamed-Amin Natalya
Published: June 2021

Artificially created social isolation in rodents models a form of chronic stress that causes neurodegenerative changes in the brain and subsequent behavioral changes. The aim of this study was to simulate chronic stress in male rats by social isolation and to determine how chronic stress affects the behavioral and sexual responses of rats. During the simulation of chronic stress, rats were divided into two groups: experimental one, where laboratory animals were kept in separate cells for 10 weeks, and control one, where laboratory animals were kept under normal conditions. Subsequently, a clinical examination of each rat, behavioral tests (“Open Field”, “Forced Swimming of Porsolt”, “Raised Cruciate Maze”) and a study of male sexual behavior were carried out to detect changes in behavioral and sexual responses of the animals. The obtained results of behavioral tests and sexual behavior claim marked changes in behavioral and sexual reactions in the experimental group of animals (high emotional reactivity, reduced orientation and research reactions, high sexual activity and increased aggression against females). Thus, the authors conclude on successful modelling of chronic stress through social isolation. This model can be used at the deeper study and development of methods of neuropsychiatric disorders therapy.
O CULTO E A INSTRUÇÃO PÚBLICA E SUAS INTENÇÕES MORALIZADORAS: O OLHAR DOS PRESIDENTES DA PROVÍNCIA DE MATO GROSSO NA PRIMEIRA METADE DO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Aguiar Patrícia Figueiredo
Published: June 2021

Resumo Culto e instrução pública foram preocupações comuns aos presidentes da província de Mato Grosso na primeira metade do século XIX. Preocupações que se voltavam para um contexto importante da história do Brasil, no que se refere à constituição da nação e do sentimento de pertencimento, pois, naquele contexto, era vital a formação de indivíduos dóceis e civilizados. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os discursos proferidos pelos presidentes da província de Mato Grosso, dirigidos à Assembleia Legislativa provincial, na primeira metade do século XIX, acerca do culto e instrução pública, a fim de demonstrar que esses dois setores foram utilizados como estratégias moralizadoras e civilizatórias da população mato-grossense. Para tanto, serão apresentados os discursos e falas dos presidentes, considerando as diretrizes que norteavam a organização e constituição do poder provincial no Oitocentos.
Water governance assessment at different scales: a reservoir case study in the Brazilian semiarid region
Authors: Bezerra Aline Pessoa , Vieira Zédna Mara de Castro Lucena , Ribeiro Márcia Maria Rios
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT This article analyses the application of OECD water governance principles to the semiarid region of Brazil. Between 2012 and 2017, the Paraíba River basin (macroscale) and its Epitácio Pessoa reservoir – EPR (microscale) suffered a severe drought. The reservoir came close to collapse in 2017, which led to water use conflicts that were aggravated due to water mismanagement. Four evaluation criteria were considered: policy alignment to the OECD principles, its implementation, on-ground results, and policy impacts. The outcomes indicate water management fragilities, even after 24 years of the Brazilian National Water Resources Policy enactment, and the need for a better water management integration at different scales: National, State, and River Basin. By considering a smaller scale (a basin and its main reservoir), it was possible to observe water governance failures that lead to water crises since the best practices performed by the national agency, at the national scale, have not been verified at the local scale.
Evaluating Public Deliberation: Including the Audience Perspective
Authors: Kock Christian
Published: June 2021

I argue that in evaluating public deliberation, the basic criterion should be how deliberating citizens’ need for usable input is met, rather than how the debaters embody Habermasian consensus-oriented ideals, and I question assessment of “deliberative quality” on that basis, such as the “Discourse Quality Index.” Studies of public deliberation should instead build on an Aristotelian notion of deliberation, on Rawls’s idea of “reasonable disagreement” and on the deliberating audience’s needs. To explore these, we need real-time studies of audience reception of public deliberation. I place the studies I call for in a typology of studies, present a study with novel methodological features and discuss its implications for criteria for public deliberation.
Problem of identification of materials structures based on fractal representations
Authors: Myshlyaev L. P. , Venger K. G. , Grachev V. V. , Ivushkin K. A.
Published: June 2021

The research work is devoted to the control of materials structures described on the basis of fractal representations. The formation of fractal structures of materials is carried out due to positive feedback. The article describes the first stage of the work – statements of the problem of identification of materials structures based on fractal representations. Many recent studies indicate the fractal nature of material structures, while the mechanisms of positive feedbacks are based on the generation of fractal structures. At the present stage, the fundamental physicochemical laws governing the emergence and transformation of material structures are developed and presented in such a way that it is difficult to use them for the synthesis of structure control algorithms. In other words, they do not meet the requirements of control models – they do not reflect the dependence of the output actions on external factors. Therefore, it seems useful to go along the path of creating fractal models of structures that are identification structures of materials and then development of control actions, in particular on the parameters of positive feedback for predicting and changing the material structure in the required direction. This corresponds to the method of control algorithms synthesis with an assessment of the control object state and choice of controller gain coefficient. In this work, the statements of the problem of identification images of natural materials structures are formulated. Firstly, fractal models are built using well-known (standard) fractals, and secondly, fractal models are generated using the fractal structure formation mechanism. In the future, these statements of the problem will be used to develop methods and algorithms for materials structuresidentification in various industries, including mining and metallurgical industries.
Quality improvement of calibrated steelby surface deformation. Part 2. Effect of enveloping surface deformation on residual stresses in cylindrical bars
Authors: Zaides S. A. , Pham Van Anh , Klimova L. G.
Published: June 2021

Cold-drawn metal has a number of undeniable advantages over the hot-rolled one. Increased hardness, high surface quality, stability of the diametrical dimension along the length of the workpiece are the basis for choosing calibrated metal as effective workpieces for the manufacture of long parts such as shafts, axles, and rods. In some cases, such workpieces require a small amount of machining, for example, threading or making necks at the ends of a bar. The wider use of the calibrated metal is hindered by residual stresses that are formed during its manufacture. In the first part of this article, it was proposed to use small plastic deformations to control residual stresses. By the example of a new process of surface plastic deformation, which is called orbital burnishing, the working and residual stresses in cylindrical workpieces are determined. In the second part of the article, the process of enveloping surface plastic deformation is considered, which, at high productivity, makes it possible to reduce the residual tensile stresses in the calibrated metal or form the surface layers of the workpiece compressive stress. A technique for the experimental determination of residual stresses in the volume of a body is based on layer-by-layer removal of the inner and outer layers of cylindrical samples. Influence of the main parameters of the enveloping deformation process on the components of the residual stress tensor is established. A range of relative compressions (0.1 – 1.0 %) is revealed, at which residual compressive stresses are formed in the surface layers of the workpiece. It was found that at a relative compression of 0.5 %, the maximum residual compression stresses are created. Enveloping surface deformation has a positive effect on the residual stress state and on colddrawn metal – the residual tensile stresses can be reduced, removed or converted into compressive ones.
On thermodynamics of iron reduction from oxides
Authors: Berdnikov V. I. , Gudim Yu. A.
Published: June 2021

A computer simulation of the chemical process of direct iron reduction in aggregates was performed with the use of MIDREX technology. The analysis of four variants of this technology, which differ in the type of raw material and temperature of the working process, was carried out. It was determined that when the process temperature increased, the required consumption of natural gas decreased, and methane in the waste gas was completely eliminated. It was also noted that at a constant process temperature, the concentrations of all components of the system were linearly dependent on flow rate of the reducing gas. This circumstance allowed us to write a single balance equation for all variants of the studied chemical process.
From the periphery to the center. Theses to the interpretation of the situation of Hungarian youth abroad.
Authors: Gábor Kálmán
Published: June 2021

The author – Kálmán Gábor, sociologist, youth researcher from Hungary – interprets the situation of Hungarian youth abroad from the hypothesis that in the 1990’s, after the fall of communism their position shifted from the periphery to the center. This means that the Hungarian youth abroad, as well as in Hungary, is subject to many kinds of pressure: from competition in school to unemployment, premature independence, entering the market too early, and different stress-fighting techniques. For the Eastern European youth, their central position means better chances in a harshening competition, but first of all, the urge to meet the same, or almost the same challenges as Western-European youth.
Hungarian students’ migration from Transylvania to Hungary between 1990–2000
Authors: Horváth István
Published: June 2021

Although there is a vast literature describing different aspects of the migration of Transylvanian Hungarian youth to Hungary, only a few papers deal with their migration with the purpose to study, in the period after 1990. István Horváth analyzes this phenomenon from the perspectives of its dynamic in time, its structural context, and the changes of its general (social) and closer environment (the relationships between the educational system, the labor market, and the system of social stratification). The author is a sociologist teaching at the Hungarian Department of the Department of Sociology, University of Kolozsvár. He has specialized on ethnicity, bilingualism and migration studies
How do the Csango manage? Strategies of showing or hiding identity in a Moldovan community
Authors: Simon Boglárka
Published: June 2021

The author investigates inhabitants of a Moldovan village and seeks answer to the question of their linguistic strategies to show or hide the Csango ethnical identity in public space. The paper builds upon data found in an empirical fieldwork: the author made interviews and participant observation in the Csango village Frumosa. Her conclusion is that the ethnical identity is formed upon a situational basis, in the context of catholic-non catholic interactions. Identity, according to Simon, is re-interpreted depending on everyday situations, and made visible by over/under-communication of the main indicators of group barriers: language use (romanian-hungarian bilinguism) and religion (belonging to the catholic church)
„We're gypsies, poor and nameless". An analysis attempt upon ethnical identity construction strategies in a poor gypsy community
Authors: Péter László
Published: June 2021

Laszlo Peter's paper builds upon the data of an empirical study, participant observation and interviews. He sketches the ethnical identity construction strategies in a poor gypsy community in Moldova. He claims that this strategy in the Tatroseni community stands in strong relation with two groups of factors. First, with the historical, social and economical context these people live in, and second, with the classification practice of the Romanian population. His conclusion is that the self-knowledge of the Tatroseni gypsies is strong and two-fold: it is formed by the strategies of (forced) locking in, social identification and differentiation
Characteristics of national identity among teenagers in Hungary at the end of the 20th century
Authors: Murányi István
Published: June 2021

The main findings of the research are: Socio-cultural factors bear only small and limited influence on the development of national identity of young people in Hungary. However, on the base of socio-cultural characteristics distinctively different types of national identity could be identified. National identity characterized by giving preference to a closed, cultural concept of a nation occurred only in an environment primarily reflecting socio-cultural consequences of cultural disadvantages. We identified a definitive structure of consistent and logical patterns in the way of thinking about the national identity in young people. No definite causation relations, but rather probability trends were identified between religious belief, religious affiliation and national identity. Rejection of freedom of selfidentification of being Hungarian, understanding a concept of a nation by employing the logic of a culture-nation concept and national emotions are characteristic features of those young people whose immediate family and wider residential environment bear adverse socio-cultural characteristics
Hungarians in Transylvania: ours, theirs, no one's? Or how to interpret the public vote on double citizenship and the reactions to it
Authors: Culic Irina
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to investigate those institutions, practices and social context that formed the frames of Transylvanian Hungarian identity in the period after Trianon. The starting point of this research were the reactions of Transylvanian Hungarians to the outcome of the public vote on their double citizenship, organized in Hungary on 5 December, 2004
Some basic mathematical features of the simultaneous convection anomalous diffusion transport processes
Authors: Bálint Ágnes , Mészáros Csaba
Published: June 2021

The basic mathematical features of the anomalous diffusion processes are discussed in detail, together with some of the open research subdomains belonging to it. Due to its practical importance in engineering applications, the possibilities of the necessary mathematical refinements are proposed and justified for the general case of the simultaneous convection-anomalous diffusion processes taking place through porous bulk materials.
Growth inhibitory effects of bioactive metabolites in wood extracts of Robinia pseudoacacia L. inhibit the growth of various microorganisms
Authors: Dobrányi Szandra , Dancs Gábor , Posta Katalin , Fülöp László
Published: June 2021

The need for more efficient use of natural resources recently became apparent. Lowering the amount of harmful chemicals released into the environment is a crucial task. Besides it is essential to seek for novel resources closer to natural origin. The aggressive growth of certain plant species is attributed to their metabolic features as well. Several plant secondary metabolites have been identified recently that are crucial for their intensive spread. These metabolites are only present in particular taxonomic groups. The most important attribute they share is that they regulate the interactions between the plant and the environment. These metabolites often possess traits that inhibit the growth of pathogen microbes. Due to their antimicrobial effects these bioactive substances may be utilized as novel pesticide agents in the future. In our project we assessed the inhibitory effects of various black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) wood extracts on the growth of different microorganisms using agar plate disc diffusion method. Our results suggest that black locust wood extracts evolves comprehensive inhibition against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and Fusarium proliferatum The highest bioactivity was carried by the hexane and methanolic fraction. Further purification using HPLC revealed some particular components that show significant correlation with the inhibitory effects of the extracts. Some extracts were able to lower the infection ability of Fusarium proliferatum in in-vivo infection tests.
The impact of personal pseudoscientific beliefs in the pursuit for non-evidence-based health care
Authors: Taschner Natália Pasternak , Orsi Carlos , Almeida Paulo , Pilati Ronaldo
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTION: Pseudoscientific beliefs are widespread in society and are influenced by several factors. The endorsement of alternative medicine treatments, mostly not evidence based, has relevant negative impacts on health care public policies. The understanding of the impact of pseudoscientific beliefs on the endorsement of alternative treatments is a relevant issue in this matter. OBJECTIVES: We aim at describing scientific and pseudoscientific beliefs and its impact on the endorsement of evidence and non-evidence-based health care treatments. METHOD: We conducted a survey in a representative sample of 2,091 participants from all Brazil geopolitical regions and 130 different cities. We measured knowledge about health treatments, including alternative medicine treatments, and trust in each treatment, if treatment had been previously sought, if treatments should be funded by the public health system, among other issues. We also measured beliefs in scientific and pseudoscientific claims using a 5-point Likert agreement scale with 9 items with two factors: Scientific beliefs and Pseudoscientific beliefs. RESULTS: Our results show that most part of the sample recognizes conventional medicine as a treatment (64.5%), but also alternative medicine practices such as homeopathy (69.2%), and spiritual therapy (68.6%). We found that support of all alternative medicine treatments is significantly predicted by pseudoscientific beliefs (betas regression coefficients ranging from .13 to .38 all p <.01). On the other hand, the support of evidence-based medicine is rooted in scientific beliefs (beta = .12, p<.01). CONCLUSION: Our results have shown a high rate of prevalence of pseudoscientific beliefs related to non-evidence-based health treatments. It also shreds a favorable evidence that general pseudoscientific beliefs are relevant to assess the endorsement of non-evidence-based healthcare.
Наука. Технологии. Инновации: 2017
Authors: Городникова Наталья , Гохберг Леонид , Дитковский Кирилл , Кузнецова Ирина , Лукинова Евгения , Мартынова Светлана , Ратай Татьяна , Росовецкая Лариса , Сагиева Галина , Стрельцова Екатерина , Суслов Антон , Тарасенко Ирина , Фридлянова Светлана , Фурсов Константин , Бычкова Людмила , Варзановцева Ирина
Published: June 2021

Краткий статистический сборник содержит основные показатели, характеризующие научный и инновационный потенциал Российской Федерации. Приводятся сведения об интеллектуальной собственности, результативности исследований и разработок, данные международных сопоставлений. В сборнике использованы материалы Росстата, Минобрнауки России, ОЭСР, Евростата, ЮНЕСКО, Роспатента, ВОИС, национальных статистических служб зарубежных стран, а также разработки Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики». Отдельные показатели по итогам 2016 г. носят предварительный характер.
COVID-19 и общественный транспорт: текущая оценка, перспективы и потребности в исследованиях
Authors: Тирачини Алехандро , Катс Одед
Published: June 2021

Пандемия COVID-19 представляет собой серьезную проблему для современного общественного транспорта во всем мире, так как является причиной беспрецедентного падения спроса и доходов. В этой статье обобщаются различные ответные меры, принятые правительствами и операторами общественного транспорта в разных странах по всему миру, и проясняется потребность в исследованиях минимизации риска заражения в общественном транспорте в период после локдауна. Хотя в ряде стран ставка сделана на соблюдение физического дистанцирования (что ставит под сомнение саму концепцию общественного транспорта), последние исследования показывают, что в закрытых средах, таких как общественный транспорт, вероятность заражения значительно снижается за счет правильного использования защитных масок. Возможные экономические и социальные последствия вспышки COVID-19 в общественном транспорте выходят далеко за рамки вопроса качества обслуживания и рисков для здоровья и влияют на финансовую жизнеспособность, социальную справедливость и устойчивую мобильность населения. Существует риск того, что если сектор общественного транспорта будет восприниматься как плохо приспособленный к функционированию в постпандемических условиях, то может распространиться и, возможно, закрепиться его восприятие как эпидемически опасного места. Поэтому авторы определяют потребности и излагают программу исследований эффективности альтернативных стратегий и сценариев для общественного здоровья, в частности мер по снижению скопления людей в общественном транспорте. Даются обзор и прогноз, позволяющие тем, кто определяет политику в области общественного транспорта, специалистам по планированию и исследователям составить карту текущего состояния дел и потребностей в исследованиях, связанных с воздействием пандемического кризиса на общественный транспорт. Некоторые вопросы требуют безотлагательного внимания, ведь в конечном итоге в некоторых странах на карту поставлено восстановление способности систем общественного транспорта выполнять свою социальную функцию.