bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guidance and counseling services for reducing youth private social anxiety
Authors: Zikra Zikra , Alizamar Alizamar , Afdal Afdal , Fikri Miftahul , Sukmawati Indah
Published: May 2020

One of the problems faced by juvenile inmates is excessive fear experienced when interacting with new people when they are free to undergo a sentence or also called social anxiety, which requires guidance and counseling services. Guidance and counseling services are one strategy that can be used in alleviating social anxiety faced by prisoners. This article discusses counseling and guidance services that can be done to help alleviate social anxiety of juvenile inmates, which includes Social Anxiety for adolescent inmates and counseling and guidance services, including individual counseling services, group counseling, group counseling. With this service can be given optimal service to adolescent inmates in alleviating the problems faced.
Art appreciation in cultural arts subject
Authors: Wulandari Wulandari
Published: May 2020

This research begins with the finding that the students of class VII who do not appreciate the various arts presented by class IX on art performances held in school. This can be evidenced by the loneliness of his students watching art performances at school because the majority of VII grade students roam the school. As if not concerned with the various artistry that is displayed. This research uses qualitative method. Application of research informants conducted. Determination of research informants conducted by Purposive sampling. Data were collected using observation, interview and documentation techniques. The technique of guaranteeing the validity of the data guarantees the data of this study using triangulation, Data Analysis model Miles dab Hubberman method using three steps consisting of data reduction, data presentation and verification or conclusion. The result of the analysis shows that: the factors that cause the less appreciation of the students of VII and the students of class VII are: (1) the lack of students' understanding of the displayed art, (2) the interesting or unattractive influence of art displayed, (3) puberty, of them come to school just to play around in groups. In the case of the highly needed teacher's ability in the field of art and culture studies to more in depth provide learning to students of class VII and class VIII so they are more appreciative, and can assess every art that is displayed.
Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok untuk Meningkatkan Time Management Skill pada Siswa
Authors: Maryati Maryati
Published: May 2020

Every human being has the same time in a 24-hour day, as well as high school students who have extraordinary activities. Managing an effective time is not an easy task. The many problems of managing the time experienced by students both for learning, socializing and channeling hobbies make students feel time-chased. Through the Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok in the activity of guidance and counseling students participating in a group, counseling raised the problems they were dealing with relating to daily time management. Group Guidance Activities are carried out according to stages. The predetermined stage is the formation stage, the transitional stage, and the Activity Phase and the Termination Phase. In the Guidance Service, the Group carries out two cycles where in the first cycle participants express and find solutions to their problems daily in problems that relate to time. Based on the results of the first cycle it turns out students experience a lack of time to act. In the second cycle, students are given an explanation of how to manage daily time effectively and efficiently, from observations and student reports it turns out students experience positive changes in time management so that participants in the Group Guidance Service are overcome the problems he experienced so far.
Kecerdasan Emosi Siswa Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin dan Jenjang Kelas
Authors: Bariyyah Khairul , Latifah Leny
Published: May 2020

Emotional intelligence refers to the capability of a person to manage and control his or her emotions and possess the ability to control the emotions of others as well. Emotional intelligence is a very important skill for students. It is said to have five main elements such as self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. The purpose of this study First, to describe the level of emotional intelligence of junior high school students of Malang. Second, describe the differences of emotional intelligence based on gender and grade level. This research method is quantitative descriptive. The research sample was 313 students of State Junior High Schools in Malang selected by cluster random sampling technique. The research instrument used a scale of emotional intelligence consisting of 48 items, data analysis using descriptive analysis and T-test. The results showed 1) 25.9% students of State Junior High Schools in Malang were at a high level of emotional intelligence, 61.3% students of State Junior High Schools in Malang were at the level moderate emotional intelligence, 12.8% of students are at a low level of emotional intelligence. (2) there is a significant difference between the level of emotional intelligence of students based on gender, (3) there is a significant difference in the level of emotional intelligence of students from the grade level
Peningkatan Motorik Halus Anak Melalui Proses Pembuatan Minyak Kelapa Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Aisyiah Bustanul Athfal Parit
Authors: Julimarti Dessi , Nurhafizah Nurhafizah
Published: May 2020

This study aims to improve the fine motor skills of children in learning through the process of making Coconut Oil in Kindergarten Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Parit. The type of research is Classroom Action Research conducted in a cyclical way, namely two cycles each cycle of three meetings. The results showed that fine motor skills in children had not yet developed and continued improvement in the first cycle through the activities of the process of making coconut oil using a variety of tools. In the second cycle achieving optimal results with excellent growing results. Thus it was concluded that the process of making coconut oil can improve the fine motor skills of children in kindergarten Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Parit.
Peningkatkan Kemampuan Interaksi Sosial Anak Melalui Cerita Mamuro Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Istiqomah Lubuk Gadang
Authors: Septi Septi , Eliza Delfi
Published: May 2020

This study aims to improve the ability of children's social interaction through the story of Mamuro in kindergarten Istiqomah Lubuk Gadang, West Pasaman. This type of research is Classroom Action Research which is conducted by cyclic, namely two cycles of each cycle of three meetings conducted in the kindergarten Istiqomah Lubuk Gadang. Group B children with 15 children consisted of 8 male  and 7 female. The research procedure was carried out as much as II cycles. Data collection techniques used observation and documentationtechniques.
Penerapan Pendidikan Karakter Pada Mata Kuliah Atletik Dasar
Authors: Sin Tjung Hauw
Published: May 2020

Degradasi karakter saat ini menjadi masalah yang begitu penting di perguruan tinggi. Hal ini dikarenakan setiap tahunnya terjadi kemundaran moral terutama bagi mahasiswa tahun pertama. Karakter atau moral mahasiswa tahun pertama ini biasanya bawaan dari sekolah asal. Untuk itu dosen di perguruan tinggi perlu memikirkan suatu cara atau inovasi, yang dimana tujuannya untuk meningkatkan nilai-nilai karakter dikalangan mahasiswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai evaluasi pembelajaran mengenai karakter mahasiswa tahun pertama di jurusan Kepelatihan Olahraga. Jenis penelitin merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang diuraikan dalam bentuk deskriptif. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 1 Maret - 30 April 2019. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Padang. Proses pengumpulan data dalam penelitian lebih banyak bersifat uraian dari hasil observasi, wawancara, diskusi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan pendidikan karakter perlu ditingkatkan didalam proses belajar mengajar di Perguruan Tinggi hal ini sebagai upaya meningkatkan moral mahasiswa. Pentingnya penerapan pendidikan karakter di Perguruan Tinggi bertujuan mendorong kebiasaan dan mahasiswa memiliki ahlak maupun prilkau yang terpuji dan sejalan dengan nilai-nilai universal dan tradisi budaya bangsa yang religious.
Keberadaan Niniak Mamak dalam pertunjukan Ulu Ambek di Korong Pucuang Anam Nagari Tandikek (kajian status, peran dan fungsi)
Authors: Harsih Windu Okri , Elida Elida
Published: May 2020

This article aims to reveal and explain the status, role and function of Niniak Mamak in Ulu Ambek Performing arts in Sungai Pucuang Anam Kanagarian Tandikek. This research uses a qualitative approach that is descriptive analysis. Data collection techniques are conducted by observation/observation, literature study, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques are conducted with data reduction measures, data presentation and taking conclusions (verification). The results of the research found was that the status of Niniak Mamak was as owner, controller, manager, supervisor, and policy makers from the performances and artistic culture of Ulu Ambek. While the function of Niniak Mamak is as a policy maker and as a planner and as a controller of the show Ulu Ambek.
Testing the quality of film-based creative and innovative character education test with rasch model
Authors: Barus Gendon , Sinaga Juster Donal , Moron Yustinus Dasilva
Published: May 2020

This study aims to test the quality of Film-Based Creative and Innovative Character Education Test by examining the values of validity, reliability, different power, and level of difficulty. This study focuses on the Film-Based Creative and Innovative Character Education Outcomes Test using the 40 items Rasch Model. This research is a research development. Research subjects numbered 66 students in grade VII and VII of junior high school. Data analysis techniques to see the quality of test kits developed in this study using the Rasch Model with QUEST and Ministeps programs. The results showed: (1) the validity of the whole test items fit in the range of INFIT MNSQ 0.80-1.0; (2) the reliability of the test questions is very high with a value of 0.92; (3) the level of difficulty of the midterm test items (-1 to 1) according to the Rasch Model category (-2 to +2); and (4) the power of different test questions is in the good category. The conclusion of this research is that Film-Based Creative and Innovative Character Education Test Results can be used to measure the results of creative and innovative character education in schools.
Manajemen kebijakan kepala madrasah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan
Authors: Yanto Murni , Fathurrochman Irwan
Published: May 2020

This qualitative research raises the theme of Madrasah Head Policy Management in improving the quality of education in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Rejang Lebong, the results of the study indicate that the quality of education can be achieved by prioritizing madrasas in curriculum development and teacher professional development through the activities of Teacher Working Groups, Madrasah Head Policy Management can be done through internal and external factors of madrasas in fostering teacher honesty, appreciation, harmonious and humane climate of communication of democracy between leaders and teachers, Principals of madrasas foster a conducive atmosphere of madrasas, foster a sense of responsibility to teachers in teaching, through coordination with district leaders, madrasa committee and the community, so that the quality of education can be improved.
Hubungan kemampuan mengelola emosi dengan kecenderungan berperilaku agresif siswa
Authors: Putri Mutiara Eka , Nirwana Herman , Sukmawati Indah
Published: May 2020

This research is motivated by the number of students who have a tendency to behave aggressively. One of the factors that is thought to influence is the ability to manage emotions. The purpose of this study is to describe (1) the tendency to behave aggressively, (2) the ability to manage emotions, and (3) test the relationship between the ability to manage emotions and the tendency to behave aggressively in students. The population of the study was 205 students of SMP N 1 X Koto Singkarak in the July-December semester of the 2018/2019 academic year and a sample of 138 students was selected by Stratified Random Sampling. The instrument used is the Aggressive Behavior Trending questionnaire with a reliability of 0.942 and the Emotion Management Ability questionnaire with a reliability of 0.741. Data were analyzed by descriptive techniques and Pearson Product Moment. The research findings are: (1) the tendency of aggressive behavior of students in the high category, (2) the ability to manage students' emotions in the very low category, and (3) there is a significant negative relationship between the ability to manage emotions and the tendency to behave aggressively in students.
Estudando os anfíbios: uma proposta didática
Authors: Arrais Antonia Adriana Mota
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar uma proposta didática para abordar a temática sobre anfíbios em quatro turmas do 2º ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública do Distrito Federal. Essa proposta foi composta por aulas expositivas dialogadas e um jogo didático com a temática de Amphibia – Zoologia. Após a aplicação da ação, foi realizada uma análise qualitativa dos resultados adquiridos. Dessa forma, ficou evidente que a inserção de estratégias diferenciadas podem promover uma melhor associação, motivação e interesse dos alunos pela temática de anfíbios. Além do mais, as atividades contribuíram para que os educandos obtivessem uma nova concepção e uma visão mais sensível em relação aos anfíbios, ao reconstruir os seus conhecimentos prévios e adquirir novos conceitos.
Efficacy of Interventions Based on Applied Behavior Analysis for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yu Qian , Li Enyao , Li Liguo , Liang Weiyi
Published: May 2020

Objective To systematically evaluate evidence for the use of interventions based on appied behavior analysis (ABA) to manage various symptoms of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Methods Sensitivity analyses were conducted by removing any outlying studies and subgroup analyses were performed to compare the effectiveness of ABA and early start denver model (ESDM), picture exchange communication systems (PECS) and discrete trial training (DTT).Results 14 randomized control trials of 555 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The overall standardized mean difference was d=-0.36 (95% CI -1.31, 0.58; Z=0.75, p=0.45) for autism general symptoms, d=0.11 (95% CI -0.31, 0.54; Z=0.52, p=0.60) for socialization, d=0.30 (95% CI -0.02, 0.61; Z=1.84, p=0.07) for communication and d=-3.52 (95% CI -6.31, -0.72; Z=2.47, p=0.01) for expressive language, d=-0.04 (95% CI -0.44, 0.36; Z=0.20, p=0.84) for receptive language. Those results suggested outcomes of socialization, communication and expressive language may be promising targets for ABA-based interventions involving children with ASD. However, significant effects for the outcomes of autism general symptoms, receptive language, adaptive behavior, daily living skills, IQ, verbal IQ, nenverbal IQ, restricted and repetitive behavior, motor and cognition were not observed.Conclusion The small number of studies included in the present study limited the ability to make inferences when comparing ABA, ESDM, PECS and DTT interventions for children with ASD.
The Effect Bonapace Method Reduces Labor Pain Of Active Phase I To Intranatal Care
Authors: Susiloningtyas Luluk , Wulandari Ratna Feti
Published: May 2020

Sampling technique used is Accidental Sampling. The independent variable is Bonapace Method, the instrument used is a checklist. Dependent variable is the reduction of labor pain in the active phase I, an instrument used to measure the level of pre and post pain with an observation sheet with a pain scale between 0 to 10 and an interview using the Verbal Descriptive Scale (VDS), rating scale, value 0 = no pain , 1-3 = mild pain, 4-6 = moderate pain, 7-9 = severe pain, 10 = very severe pain. Analysis of data using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank. The results of the data analysis stated sig (p) = 0,000 where α = 0.05, p <α, it means that there is an effect of the Bonapace Method on the reduction of labor pain in the active phase of the First Maternity where the Correlation or effect using the Wilcoxon Correlation = -0,382
New data on aphyllophoraceous fungi of the protected areas of the Leningrad Region. V. Regional sanctuaries "Syabersky" and "Cheremenetsky"
Authors: Kotkova V. M.
Published: May 2020

The paper provides the first data on aphyllophoraceous fungi of regional complex sanctuary "Syabersky" and regional landscape sanctuary "Cheremenetsky" located in the Luga District (Leningrad Region). Ceriporiopsis rivulosaem (Berk. et M. A. Curtis) Gilbertson et Ryvarden is recorded for the first time for the European part of Russia. The new localities of 4 species from Red Data Book of Leningrad Region were found.
New data on the morphology of Stephanodiscus suzukii (Bacillariophyta)
Authors: Genkal S. I.
Published: May 2020

The study of new materials from Lake Biwa (Japan) has shown that the diatom Stephanodiscus suzukii has more variability of morphological features such as the diameter of vegetative and initial valves, the number of stria in 10 μm and the number of areolae at the end of the striae, location of marginal fultoportula. The initial valves have the number of central fultoportula exceeding several times their number on vegetative cells. An emended diagnosis of the species is presented.
Preliminary data to the flora of conjugates (Streptophyta, Zygnematophyceae) of Mshinskoye Bog System (Leningrad Region)
Authors: Luknitskaya A. F.
Published: May 2020

73 species and varieties from 15 genera of Streptophyta, Zygnematophyceae (Actinotaenium, Closterium, Cylindrocystis, Cosmarium, Cosmoastrum, Desmidium, Euastrum, Gonatozygon, Mougeotia, Netrium, Pleurotaenium, Spirogyra, Spondylosium, Staurastrum, Staurodesmus) were found in Mshinskoye Bog System (Leningrad Region, Russia). Cosmarium (17 species), Closterium (16), Euastrum (8 species) are leading genera.
Penyakit Menular
Authors: Marchel
Published: May 2020

Selain itu, baru-baru ini terdapat penyakit baru yang muncul. Nama penyakit menular itu adalah COVID-19. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh virus yang bernama virus corona.
Makalah Covid-19
Authors: Andini Syifa Fauziyah
Published: May 2020

Setiap manusia pernah mengalami sakit. Penyakit yang diderita oleh setiap makhluk berbeda satu dan yang lainnya. Sakit merupakan suatu keadaan dimana tubuh tidak berada pada kondisi normal yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor dari dalam maupun luar tubuh. Berdasarkan karakteristiknya penyakit dapat digolongkan menjadi 2 yaitu penyakit menular dan penyakit tidak menular. Penyakit menular mendapatkan perhatian yang lebih dari pemerintah dibanding dengan penyakit tidak menular. Penyakit menular adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri, virus, atau parasit yang dapat ditularkan melalui media tertentu. Penyakit menular sering juga disebut penyakit infeksi karena penyakit ini diderita melalui infeksi virus, bakteri, atau parasit yang ditularkan melalui berbagai macam media seperti udara, jarum suntik, transfusi darah, tempat makan atau minum, dan lain sebagainya (Vatimatunnimah, 2013). Penyakit menular merupakan hasil perpaduan berbagai faktor yang saling mempengaruhi.Penyakit menular maupun gangguan kesehatan pada manusia, tidak terlepas dari peran faktor lingkungan. Hubungan interaktif antara manusia serta perilakunya dengan komponen lingkungan yang memiliki potensi bahaya penyakit, juga dikenal sebagai proses kejadian penyakit. Sedangkan proses kejadian penyakit satu dengan yang lain masing-masing mempunyai karakteristik tersendiri. Dalam hal ini faktor lingkungan memegang peranan sangat penting.Interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan telah menyebabkan kontak antara kuman,virus, dan bakteri dengan manusia. Sering terjadi mikroorganisme yang tinggal di tubuh host kemudian berpindah ke manusia karena manusia tidak mampu menjaga kebersihan lingkungan. Hal ini tercermin dari tingginya kejadian penyakit menular berbasis lingkungan yang masih merupakan masalah kesehatan terbesar masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus dan dapat menular ke manusia ialah Virus Corona.
Journal of the History of Economic Thought Preprints – Jewish social science and the analysis of Jewish statistics in the early 20th century
Authors: Vallois Nicolas
Published: May 2020

The late 19th century saw the multiplication of statistical studies on Jewish populations. This literature is now known as “Jewish Statistics” or “Jewish Social Science” (JSS). This article focuses on the articles published in der Zeitschrift für Demographie und Statistik der Juden (Journal for Demography and Statistics of the Jews, ZDSJ). The ZDSJ was the main journal in JSS and appeared from 1905 until 1931. Existing scholarship on JSS has either focused on the influence of Zionism (Hart, 2000) or eugenics and race theory (Efron, 1994). This article proposes to relate JSS to the history of economics and statistics. As suggests the intellectual profile of the main contributors to the ZDSJ, we argue that JSS was a by-product of the German historical school in economics. Though JSS was intended to a mostly Jewish audience, its organization and methods were clearly inspired by those of German economists.
Makalah Penyakit Menular dan Virus Corona
Authors: Salsabila Annisa
Published: May 2020

Virus Corona adalah bagian dari keluarga virus yang menyebabkan penyakit pada hewan ataupun pada manusia. Di indonesia, masih melawan virus Corona hingga saat ini, begitupun juga di negara-negara lain. Jumlah kasus virus Corona terus bertambah dengan beberapa melaporkan kesembuhan, tapi tak sedikit yang meninggal. Usaha penanganan dan pencegahan terus dilakukan demi melawan COVID-19 dengan gejala mirip flu.
Children’s developing capacity to calibrate the verbal testimony of others with observed evidence when inferring causal relations
Authors: McLoughlin Niamh , Finiasz Zoe , Sobel David M. , Corriveau Kathleen H.
Published: May 2020

Across two studies (N = 120), we investigated the development of children’s ability to calibrate the certainty of verbal testimony with observable data that varied in the degree of predictive causal accuracy. In Study 1, four- and 5-year-olds heard a certain or uncertain explanation about deterministic causal relations. The 5-year-olds made more accurate causal inferences when the informant provided a certain, more calibrated explanation. In Study 2, children heard similar explanations about probabilistic relations, making the uncertain informant more calibrated. The 5-year-olds were more likely to infer the correct causal relations when the informant was uncertain, but only when the explanation was attuned to the stochasticity of the individual causal events (or outcomes that sometimes occur). These findings imply that the capacity to integrate, and make efficient inferences from, distinct sources of knowledge emerges during the preschool years.
A human factors engineering approach to a universal labeling system for communicating the risks of hazardous drugs
Authors: Singam Caitlyn
Published: May 2020

Federal law defines hazardous chemicals as any chemical that poses a physical or health hazard. A burgeoning segment of the modern arsenal of medications pose a similar risk. Cytotoxic and genotoxic medications are commonly cited examples of what this author classifies as hazardous drugs. However, due to the ambiguity or outright absence of textual warning labels on these medications, individuals who suffer incidental exposure in preparation, handling, administration and disposal of the drug may be compromising their health and safety. The risk posed by hazardous drugs is not limited to those within the healthcare community either, due to the large number of individuals who handle hazardous drugs during the process of manufacturing, transport, administration, and disposal. The author proposes a simple, clear label by which all individuals who come in contact with hazardous drugs – regardless of background – can readily distinguish between hazardous and non-hazardous drugs. The implementation of the labeling system proposed herein has the potential to increase awareness of handling risks for hazardous drugs, thereby improving health, safety, and the environment.
Text captioning buffers against the effects of background noise and hearing loss on memory for speech
Authors: Payne Brennan , Silcox Jack , Crandell Hannah , Lash Amanda , Ferguson Sarah Hargus , Lohani Monika
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectives. Everyday speech understanding frequently occurs in perceptually demanding environments, for example due to background noise and normal age-related hearing loss. The resulting degraded speech signals increase listening effort, which gives rise to negative downstream effects on subsequent memory and comprehension, even when speech is intelligible. In two experiments, we explored whether the presentation of realistic assistive text captioned speech offsets the negative effects of background noise and hearing impairment on multiple measures of speech memory.Design. In Experiment 1, young normal hearing adults (N = 48) listened to sentences for immediate recall and delayed recognition memory. Speech was presented in quiet or in two levels of background noise. Sentences were either presented as speech only or as text captioned speech. Thus, the experiment followed a 2 (caption vs no caption) x 3 (no noise, +7 dB SNR, +3 dB SNR) within-subjects design. In Experiment 2, a group of older adults (age range : 61 – 80, N = 31), with varying levels of hearing acuity completed the same experimental task as in Experiment 1. For both experiments, immediate recall, recognition memory accuracy, and recognition memory confidence were analyzed via general(ized) linear mixed effects models. In addition, we examined individual differences as a function of hearing acuity in Experiment 2.Results. In Experiment 1, we found that the presentation of realistic text-captioned speech in young normal-hearing listeners improved immediate recall, delayed recognition memory accuracy, and memory confidence compared to speech alone. Moreover, text captions attenuated the negative effects of background noise on all speech memory outcomes. In Experiment 2, we replicated the same pattern of results in a sample of older adults with varying levels of hearing acuity. Moreover, we showed that the negative effects of hearing loss on speech memory in older adulthood were attenuated by the presentation of text captions.Conclusion. Collectively, these findings suggest that listeners can rapidly integrate text and speech, and that the simultaneous presentation of text can offset the negative effects of effortful listening on speech memory.
General claims require generalized effects: A reply to Ruiz et al.’s (2020) ‘A systematic and critical response to Pendrous et al. (2020) replication study’
Authors: Hussey Ian
Published: May 2020

Recent evidence suggests replications of psychology studies produce discrepant findings, and that original studies frequently report inflated estimates of effect size. Colloquially speaking, studies ‘fail to replicate’ at an alarming rate, at least in terms of congruence of finding significant p values. Replies are often then written by the authors of the original studies. This discourse often follows a predictable pattern: highly general claims are made in an original study, the replication produces null results, and the response by the original authors primarily focuses on reasons to disqualify the replication’s results from requiring consideration, rather than acknowledging that the original study’s finding may not, in fact, be replicable, or that the generality of the original claims may require revision or constraint. I illustrate these points using the example of a recently published trio of an original study, a failed replication, and a response by original authors. I argue that our scientific goals would be better served by efforts to avoid falling into these writing tropes and to instead move the discourse forward and reinforce the behaviours we want to see in our scientific community, such as the conduction of high-quality replication studies. All data and code at osf.io/du8xk.
Response-locked component of error monitoring in psychopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of error-related negativity/positivity
Authors: Vallet William , Neige Cecilia , MOUCHET-MAGES Sabine , Brunelin Jerome , Grondin Simon
Published: May 2020

Prior findings reported that externalizing behaviors are closely related to disturbances in error monitoring. It has been suggested that these impairments are not applied to individuals with psychopathy. However, mixed results are reported in the field considering the etiological heterogeneity of the psychopathy construct. Most of the scales for the assessment of psychopathic traits use a modern conception of psychopathy. This conception suggests a pathological personality construct comprising factor conceptualization rather than a unitary construct. Deficits in error-related processing measures with event-related potential components are reported among individuals with psychopathy, but it is unclear whether these deficits are modulated by an interpersonal-affective or an impulsive-antisocial dimension
Is Self-Other distinction malleable? Egocentric and altercentric biases in empathy are modulated by priming attachment style and similarity mindsets
Authors: Bukowski Henryk , Boch Magdalena , Lamm Claus , Silani Giorgia
Published: May 2020

Empathic abilities are increasingly shown to be modulated by interpersonal and contextual factors. However, causal evidence regarding self-other distinction abilities in empathy, as measured by egocentric and altercentric biases, is virtually non-existent. This study aimed to demonstrate how malleable such biases are by investigating the impact of two priming manipulations. Prior to completion of an affective touch task, Experiment 1 primed a secure, avoidant, or anxious attachment style, whereas Experiment 2 primed a similarities or dissimilarities focus. We predicted that, unlike affect sharing, self-other distinction benefits from interpersonal distance primed by avoidant attachment and dissimilarities focus. Experiment 1 revealed a modulation of the altercentric bias: the extent the other person’s feelings biased self-perspective judgments was significantly lower in the avoidant attachment group than in the secure and anxious attachment groups. Experiment 2 demonstrated that egocentric bias – the extent to which first-hand experienced emotion biases judgments of another person’s emotion – was significantly lower in the group primed with a similarities focus. These findings suggest that self-other distinction abilities in empathy are modulated by interpersonal and contextual factors, but in ways that differ from affect sharing (in Experiment 1), and non-affective self-other distinction (in Experiment 2).
The dynamics of explore-exploit decisions reveal a signal-to-noise mechanism for random exploration
Authors: Feng Samuel Franklin , Wang Siyu , Zarnescu Sylvia , Wilson Robert C
Published: May 2020

Growing evidence suggests that behavioral variability plays a critical role in how humans manage the trade-off between exploration and exploitation. In these decisions a little variability can help us to overcome the desire to exploit known rewards by encouraging us to randomly explore something else. Here we investigate how such `random exploration' could be controlled using a drift-diffusion model of the explore-exploit choice. In this model, variability is controlled by either the signal-to-noise ratio with which reward is encoded (the `drift rate'), or the amount of information required before a decision is made (the `threshold'). By fitting this model to behavior, we find that while, statistically, both drift and threshold change when people randomly explore, numerically, the change in drift rate has by far the largest effect. This suggests that random exploration is primarily driven by changes in the signal-to-noise ratio with which reward information is represented in the brain.
Moral Concerns are Differentially Observable in Language
Authors: Kennedy Brendan , Atari Mohammad , Davani Aida Mostafazadeh , Hoover Joseph , Omrani Ali , Graham Jesse , Dehghani Morteza
Published: May 2020

Language is a psychologically rich medium for human expression and communication. While language usage has been shown to be a window into various aspects of people's social worlds, including their personality traits and everyday environment, its correspondence to people's moral concerns has yet to be considered. Here, we examine the relationship between language usage and the moral concerns of Care, Fairness, Loyalty, Authority, and Purity as conceptualized by Moral Foundations Theory. We collected Facebook status updates (N = 107,798) from English-speaking participants (n = 2,691) along with their responses on the Moral Foundations Questionnaire. Overall, results suggested that self-reported moral concerns may be traced in language usage, though the magnitude of this effect varied considerably among moral concerns. Across a diverse selection of Natural Language Processing methods, Fairness concerns were consistently least correlated with language usage whereas Purity concerns were found to be the most traceable. In exploratory follow-up analyses, each moral concern was found to be differentially related to distinct patterns of relational, emotional, and social language. Our results are the first to relate individual differences in moral concerns to language usage, and to uncover the signatures of moral concerns in language.
OUTLIER DETECTION TECHNIQUE USING CT-OCSVM AND FUZZY RULE-BASED SYSTEM IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Authors: Hassan Shia Hussein , Ali Tawfeeq Mohammed , Mousa Mahmoud Sawsan
Published: May 2020

The development of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has been attained in the past few years due to its important using in wide range of application. The readings of data derived from WSN nodes are not always accurate and may contain abnormal data. This paper proposed an anomaly detection and classification algorithm in WSNs. At first, an integration of Contourlet Transform (CT) algorithm and One Class Support Vector Machine (OCSVM) algorithm (CT-OCSVM) is utilized to detect outliers then Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) is used to identify the source of these outliers. The underlying aim of this paper focuses on treating the collected streams of data as raw datum of an image, which is then passed through some filters using CT to get compressed size of directional subbands coefficients. The coefficients of CT are examined by OCSVM algorithm to detect anomalies. Finally the source of anomalies is identified based on using FIS and by exploiting the spatial temporal correlation existing between the sensed data. The integrated algorithm is tested using different types of filters. Real datasets collected from a small WSN constructed in a local lab are used for testing the integrated algorithms. The simulation results have shown a high rate of accurate classification with high detection rate and low false alarm rate.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF POOL BOILING OF NANO-FLUIDS
Authors: Hameed Majeed Amer , Hamed Abd Yasmin
Published: May 2020

Pool boiling of Nano Al2O3, TiO2, and ZrO2 of concentrations 0.1, 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 g/L in distilled water (which is taken as a base fluid) were experimentally studied in a test boiling chamber of stainless steel cylindrical vessel of 15 cm diameter and 30 cm length, provided with a 500 W heater. Results showed that the Nano-fluid heat transfer coefficients are higher than that for distilled water. The increments of heat transfer coefficient of Al2O3-H2O Nano-fluid was more than that for TiO2-H2O Nano- fluid which is more than that for ZrO2-H2O Nano fluid. The increment beyond 1 g/L were slight for nanomaterials used.
Uloge dekoncentrirane državne uprave
Authors: Lopižić Iva
Published: May 2020

Na temelju institucijsko-pravne analize poslova koje je središnja državna vlast tijekom razvoja upravljanja na teritoriju dodjeljivala dekoncentriranoj državnoj upravi razvija se klasifikacija uloga koju dekoncentrirana državna uprava može imati u upravno-političkom sustavu. Uloge dekoncentrirane državne uprave shvaćaju se kao ciljevi koje središnja državna vlast želi ostvariti preko institucije državnog predstavnika na teritoriju i/ili organiziranjem područnih upravnih organa i područnih upravnih jedinica. Razlikuju se integrativna, provedbena i koordinativno-planska uloga dekoncentrirane državne uprave. Njihove karakteristike opisuju se po dimenzijama vrijednosti na kojima počivaju, nositeljima poslova, teritorijalnim razinama na kojima su državne upravne jedinice organizirane te odnosa dekoncentrirane državne uprave sa središnjom državnom vlasti i lokalnim samoupravnim jedinicama. Rad sadržava prvi sustavni pregled zadaća koje dekoncentrirana državna uprava može obavljati neovisno o stupnju društvenog razvoja ili primijenjenome organizacijskom modelu dekoncentrirane državne uprave u pojedinoj zemlji u novijoj znanstvenoj literaturi.
Antibiotic Sensitivity against Proteus Mirabilis Isolated from Pus Samples in Tertiary Care Hospital of Quetta, Pakistan
Authors: Saif ur Rahman  , Zafar Ahmad  , Saad Ullah Jan  , Muhammad Shafee  , Ashiq Hussain
Published: May 2020

Abstract

 

Proteus is an important microorganism that have been isolated from wound infections causing severe complications. This study was aimed to isolate and determine the antibiotic sensitivity profile against isolates. A total of 50 wound and pus samples were collected from patients admitted in BMC Hospital, Quetta and processed in Pathobiology Laboratory of Center for Advance Studies of Vaccinology and Biotechnology (CASVAB) University of Baluchistan. All the samples were inoculated onto Brain Heart infusion (BHI), MacConkey agar, Cysteine-Lactose-Electrolyte-Deficien (CLED) and Blood agar and incubated at 37 oC, overnight. The suspected colonies were identified by gram stain and different biochemical tests and also confirmed by local made Quick Test Strip 12 (QTS 12). Among the total 50 samples 8 were found positive for Proteus mirabilis. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Proteus mirabilis against different antibiotic was evaluated by Kirby-Baur Method. Four different antibiotics were tested and ampicillin was found highly susceptible (75%), followed by Gentamicin (50%), Ceftazidime (40%) and ciprofloxacin (40%). This study shows the incidence of Proteus mirabilis in wound infection and best possible antimicrobial therapies against its infection.
The Study on Urolithiasis in Human Population of Baluchistan
Authors: Hameed Tahir
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

 

The aim of this research is to determine the Bio physiological study on urolithiasis by diagnostic techniques and chemical composition in Balochistan, Pakistan. Study is designed to identify the Urolithiasis by using imaging techniquesThe urinary tract (UT) is complex system to conduct and perform excretory function in the body. It is divided into two parts upper urinary tract (UUT) and lower urinary tract (LUT). The UUT formed by the kidneys and ureters, while lower LUT associated with urinary bladder and urethra. The persistent flow of urine from upper urinary tract and lower urinary tract plays important role for the excretion of urine and cleansing of urinary tract Usually the primary function of the kidneys is filtration of blood for the removal of urinary system through urination, the lower parts of the urinary tract is the collection, storage, transportation and drain out urine from body. Moreover, urinary tract ensures the removal of products after metabolism and excretion of toxic products produced by both kidneys and thus help in maintaining homeostasis like water, electrolytes, red blood cells, leucocytes, calcium and blood pressure.
PCR based detection and evaluation of fermenting capability of local strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: ABDULLAH GUL GHUTAI , Naseer Ahmed  , Arsalan Ahmed Shah  , Abdul samad  , Tauseef M Asmat
Published: May 2020

On Earth there are several organisms that share close relationship with humankind and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of them. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is also known as the brewer´s or baker´s yeast and has been used for fermentation and production of bread and alcoholic beverages since long time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fermentation capability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae local isolates. For this purpose 100 fruit samples (mango, sugarcane, orange, honey melon, grapes) were collected from local fruit markets and subjected to identification by standard microbiology tests and advance molecular techniques like Polymerase reaction test (PCR). The results revealed the typical growth, shape and color of S. cerevisiae on YPD media. The growth culture subjected to microscopy showed the budding characteristic of S. cerevisiae.  The initial identified strains by virtue of YPD selective media and microscopy were subjected to PCR. The PCR results revealed the presence of S. cerevisiae in 28 samples among all analyzed samples. Importantly, the presence of S. cerevisiae was detected 30% in oranges, in mango 27.77%, in sugarcane 35% while in honey melon and grapes it was 13.63%, 31.81% respectively.

This study concludes that S. cerevisiae was more abundant in sugarcane and grapes analyzed samples. The collected strains of present study may be further used in future studies like ethanol production from raw materials and also used as reference strain when working with samples of unknown nature
Isolation, Identification, Molecular Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing of Uro- Pathogenic E.Coli (UPEC) Isolated From Non-Hospitalized Urinary tract infections (UTI)
Authors: Zahoor Ahmed Badini  , Abdu Rauf  , Mumtaz Ali Sanjrani  , Mohammad Rahim Niazi  , Zia-Ud-Din  , Kamran Baseer  , Muhammad Ali Khan
Published: May 2020

Background of the study: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Uro-pathogenic E.coli (UPEC) considered as most serious infections with increased mortality and morbidity. The ability of UPEC to encode variety of virulence determinants correlated with high recurrence rates and antibiotic resistance.

Purpose of the study: The present study focuses on DNA Extraction from E.coli by rapid PCR method and also characterization of Emboli’s molecules. E coli has the carrying ability of many mobile genes, these mobile genes carry the virulence factors. The present study was designed to detect these virulence genetic factors, using phenotypic method like multiplex PCR and detecting capsule synthesis, invasions toxin’s, Adhesions and side-rophores, The study also focused on a specific gene CHUA having ability in heme iron acquisition system and investigation of various virulence determinants expressed by UPEC and their relationship with antibiotic resistance.

Methods: Total 15 clinical samples of UPEC were isolated, identified and screened for antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Kirby Bauer disc diffusion test and micro broth dilution method were used to measure the antibiotic sensitivity testing of UPEC isolates. The susceptibility was tested by measuring the zone size after impregnated with antibiotic discs.

Results: The interpretation of zone size was done according to the proposed protocol of Clinical Laboratory and Standard Institute (CLSI). Majority of UPEC isolates (22%) were sensitive to tetracycline followed by Norfloxacin (18%). However, least sensitivity was observed against ampicillin (2%) and no sensitivity was experienced against cephalosporin (0%) and penicillin (0%).

Conclusion: It has been concluded that majority of UTI patient were suffering from UPEC. Resistance of UPEC against frontline drugs increasing rapidly. Thereby rational and appropriate use of antibiotics is the only way to save important therapeutic options.
Prevalence of Multiple Drug Resistance among Avian Pathogenic E. coli Isolates from Commercial Poultry
Authors: Baloch Abdul latif
Published: May 2020

Infections associated with Avian Pathogenic E. coli are responsible for huge economic losses for poultry industry worldwide. Particularly, its association with colibacillosis, a complex syndrome which is characterized by lesions of multiple organs i.e. peritonitis, pericarditis, air Sacculitis, osteomyelitis, salpingitis and yolk sac infections is responsible for high mortality and morbidity. Moreover, it causes respiratory tract infections among poultry birds, followed by septicaemia. Liver samples were collected from commercial poultry birds from the various retail shops located in Peshawar City. Bacteria were identified by biochemical and molecular methods. Out of all the tested isolates n=85, 98% were identified as Avian Pathogenic E. coli (APEC). Identified APEC samples were further tested against 23 different antibiotics including amoxicillin (89.40%), levofloxacin (62.40%), ciprofloxacin (71.80%), tobramycin (14.10%), gentamycin (34.10%),neomycin (53.00%), streptomycin (81.00%), tigecyclines (0.00%), oxytetracyclines (96.50%), doxycycline (61.20%), nitrofurantoin (1.00%), chloramphenicol (63.50%), cefixime (7%), cefepime (4.70%), ceftazidime (8.30%), cefotaxime (8.00%), cephalothin (43.50%), trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole (77.60%), lincomycin (100%), augmentin (4.70%), carbapenem (4%) and polymyxin B (15%). Out of all n=85 isolates 99.9% were multi-drug resistant. Furthermore, ESBL encoding TEM, OXA, SHV were detected in following percentages 53.60%, 19.50%, 9.70% respectively genes.
Investigating the Influence of Transformational Leadership Style on Employee Commitment: A Case of Petroleum Sector in Pakistan
Authors: Sultan Fahad , Khalil Syed Haider , Shah Syed Mohsin Ali
Published: May 2020

The current study aimed to find out the influence of transforming style of leadership on employees commitment, working in petroleum sector of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Transformational leadership theory proposed that leaders with competence and vision instill commitment in employees. Based on leadership transformation theory, this study adopts positivistic approach using quantitative techniques. Data were obtained through 5 points Likert scale questionnaire, distributed inside the employees of KPOGCL and ODGCL the questionnaire was having three part. Random sampling method was adopted during data collection. Among 65 questionnaires, 60 were returned back which show 92.30 % response of the study area. Statical analysis of data showed significant relationship among transformation style of leadership and commitment of the employees (P<0.05). It is inferred, based on the current investigation, that transforming style of leadership has positive influence on employees organizational commitment.
Pre and Post Partition Socio-Economical and Educational Development in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Historical Review
Authors: Sohail Mohammad , Kanwal Shazia , Rizwan Nayab
Published: May 2020

This paper shows the pre and post partition socio-educational scenario of the then N.W.F.P now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The objectives of the study were (i) to explore the pre partition history of the educational development (ii) to explore the post partition scenario of educational uplift in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (iii) to compare the pre and post partition educational developments in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data was collected mainly from primary sources like Directorate of Archives and libraries, Peshawar and personal interviews were conducted too. For secondary sources, data was collected from books, research papers, newspapers, magazines and other published material. The data was analyzed through internal and external criticism. It was concluded from the study that education as policy matter saw no difference both in pre and post partition period. However, after the independence, the development ration ratio increased with a high momentum.