bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived barriers to timely treatment initiation and social support status among women with breast cancer in Ethiopia
Authors: Teshome Bethel , Trabitzsch Josephin , Afework Tsion , Addissie Adamu , Kaba Mirgissa , Kantelhardt Eva Johanna , Getachew Sefonias
Published: September 2021

Timely care is essential to increase breast cancer survival. However, patients in Ethiopia still face multilevel barriers on their pathway to timely treatment initiation. This cross-sectional study at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Oncology Unit in Addis Ababa assessed systemic treatment initiation intervals of breast cancer patients and quantified the impact of socio-demographic and clinical factors, perceived barriers, and the patients´ perceived social support status on timely systemic treatment initiation (chemotherapy or hormonal therapy). A structured questionnaire was designed based on Pechansky´s “Concept of Access”. Applying simple and multivariate logistic regression we analysed the influence of patients´ characteristics as well as their perceived barriers on timely treatment initiation. We measured social support with the Multidimensional Score of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and used the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test to assess its relationship with timely treatment initiation. Of 196 patients included into the study, 53% received systemic treatment within 90 days of their pathological diagnosis–the median treatment initiation interval was 85 days (IQR 123.5). Older women and patients diagnosed at late stages had higher odds of timely treatment initiation. Not being able to pay for services and lack of transport were most often perceived as barriers towards timely care. However, none of the perceived barriers showed a substantial influence on timely treatment initiation in the multivariate regression model. The patients´ perceived social support was found to be high, with an average MSPSS score of 73 out of 84 (SD 13,63). No impact of the perceived social support status on timely treatment initiation was found. The percentage of breast cancer patients waiting longer than 90 days from pathological diagnosis to systemic treatment initiation in Ethiopia remains unacceptably high. While women generally feel well supported by their social environment, costs and accessibility of treatment are perceived to be major barriers towards timely treatment initiation.
Diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 on saliva samples relative to nasopharyngeal swabs in tropical hospital and extra-hospital contexts: The COVISAL study
Authors: Nacher Mathieu , Mergeay-Fabre Mayka , Blanchet Denis , Benois Orelie , Pozl Tristan , Mesphoule Pauline , Sainte-Rose Vincent , Vialette Véronique , Toulet Bruno , Moua Aurélie , Saout Mona , Simon Stéphane , Guidarelli Manon , Galindo Muriel , Biche Barbara , Faurous William , Chaizemartin Laurie , Fahrasmane Aniza , Rochemont Devi , Diop Fode , Niang Moussa , Pujo Jean , Vignier Nicolas , Dotou Dominique , Vabret Astrid , Demar Magalie
Published: September 2021

A prospective study was conducted among different intra and extra-hospital populations of French Guiana to evaluate the performance of saliva testing compared to nasopharyngeal swabs. Persons aged 3 years and older with mild symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 and asymptomatic persons with a testing indication were prospectively enrolled. Nasopharyngeal and salivary samples were stored at 4°C before analysis. Both samples were analyzed with the same Real-time PCR amplification of E gene, N gene, and RdRp gene. Between July 22th and October 28th, 1159 persons were included, of which 1028 were analyzed. When only considering as positives those with 2 target genes with Ct values <35, the sensitivity of RT-PCR on saliva samples was 100% relative to nasopharyngeal samples. Specificity positive and negative predictive values were above 90%. Across a variety of cultures and socioeconomic conditions, saliva tests were generally much preferred to nasopharyngeal tests and persons seemed largely confident that they could self-sample. For positive patients defined as those with the amplification of 2 specific target genes with Ct values below 35, the sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR on saliva samples was similar to nasopharyngeal samples despite the broad range of challenging circumstances in a tropical environment.
Seroprevalence of Zika virus in pregnant women from central Thailand
Authors: Phatihattakorn Chayawat , Wongsa Artit , Pongpan Kirakorn , Anuwuthinawin Sanitra , Mungmanthong Sakita , Wongprasert Manthana , Tassaneetrithep Boonrat
Published: September 2021

Zika virus (ZKV) infection in a pregnant woman, especially during the first trimester, often results in congenital anomalies. However, the pathogenic mechanism is unknown and one-third of ZKV infected pregnancies are asymptomatic. Neutralizing antibodies against ZKV has been reported in 70% of Thai adults, but the prevalence among pregnant women is unknown. Currently, vaccines and specific treatments for ZKV are under development. A better understanding of the immune status of pregnant women will increase the success of effective prevention guidelines. The prevalence of ZKV infection in pregnant women in antenatal care clinics was investigated during the rainy season from May to October 2019 at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. We recruited 650 pregnant women (39.42% first, 52.26% second and 7.36% third trimester) and found that 30.77% had ZKV-specific IgG, and 39.81% had neutralizing antibodies (nAb) against ZKV (titer ≥10). Specific and neutralizing antibody levels varied by maternal age, trimester, and month. We further characterized the cross-reaction between ZKV and the four Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes by focused reduction neutralization test (FRNT) and found that cross-reactions were common. In conclusion, about 60% of pregnant women who living in central Thailand may be at risk of ZKV infection due to the absence of neutralizing antibodies against ZKV. The functions of cross-reactive antibodies between related viral genotypes require further study. These findings have implications for health care monitoring in pregnant women including determining the risk of ZKV infection, assisting the development of a flavivirus vaccine, and informing the development of preventative health policies.
Clinical, financial and social impacts of COVID-19 and their associations with mental health for mothers and children experiencing adversity in Australia
Authors: Bryson Hannah , Mensah Fiona , Price Anna , Gold Lisa , Mudiyanselage Shalika Bohingamu , Kenny Bridget , Dakin Penelope , Bruce Tracey , Noble Kristy , Kemp Lynn , Goldfeld Sharon
Published: September 2021

Background

Australia has maintained low rates of SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) infection, due to geographic location and strict public health restrictions. However, the financial and social impacts of these restrictions can negatively affect parents’ and children’s mental health. In an existing cohort of mothers recruited for their experience of adversity, this study examined: 1) families’ experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic and public health restrictions in terms of clinical exposure, financial hardship family stress, and family resilience (termed ‘COVID-19 impacts’); and 2) associations between COVID-19 impacts and maternal and child mental health.

Methods

Participants were mothers recruited during pregnancy (2013–14) across two Australian states (Victoria and Tasmania) for the ‘right@home’ trial. A COVID-19 survey was conducted from May-December 2020, when children were 5.9–7.2 years old. Mothers reported COVID-19 impacts, their own mental health (Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales short-form) and their child’s mental health (CoRonavIruS Health and Impact Survey subscale). Associations between COVID-19 impacts and mental health were examined using regression models controlling for pre-COVID-19 characteristics.

Results

319/406 (79%) mothers completed the COVID-19 survey. Only one reported having had COVID-19. Rates of self-quarantine (20%), job or income loss (27%) and family stress (e.g., difficulty managing children’s at-home learning (40%)) were high. Many mothers also reported family resilience (e.g., family found good ways of coping (49%)). COVID-19 impacts associated with poorer mental health (standardised coefficients) included self-quarantine (mother: β = 0.46, child: β = 0.46), financial hardship (mother: β = 0.27, child: β = 0.37) and family stress (mother: β = 0.49, child: β = 0.74). Family resilience was associated with better mental health (mother: β = -0.40, child: β = -0.46).

Conclusions

The financial and social impacts of Australia’s public health restrictions have substantially affected families experiencing adversity, and their mental health. These impacts are likely to exacerbate inequities arising from adversity. To recover from COVID-19, policy investment should include income support and universal access to family health services.
Rangsoroljunk vagy nem? A körforgásos gazdaság mérési lehetőségei és azok összehasonlítása az EU-tagországokban
Authors: Kozma Dorottya Edina , Molnárné Barna Katalin , Molnár Tamás
Published: September 2021

A körforgásos gazdaság a lineárissal ellentétben, a gazdaságot egy fenntartható gazdasági rendszernek tekinti. Ebben a rendszerben a gazdasági növekedés elválik az erőforrások felhasználásától azáltal, hogy csökken a természeti erőforrások használata és azok visszaforgatásra kerülnek. Jelen tanulmány célja, hogy megvizsgálja az Európai Unió által gyűjtött, 28 tagállamra vonatkozó körforgásos gazdaságra jellemző indikátorokat abból a célból, hogy tagállami szintű kompozit indikátorok kerülhessenek megalkotásra. A kutatási cél megvalósítása szekunder adatok segítségével az Eurostat különböző, a körforgásos gazdaság valamely részterületéhez kapcsolódó adatbázisán alapul. A tanulmány kutatási eredménye rávilágított arra, hogy habár a körforgásos gazdasággal kapcsolatban létre lehet hozni egy, minden részterületet mérő, kompozit mutatószámot és ezáltal megalkotható, létrehozható egy rangsor, amely mérhetővé teszi az EU-s tagállamok teljesítményét. A tagállamok kompozit eredményei rávilágítottak arra a tényre, hogy a rangsorok élén Németország, az Egyesült Királyság és Hollandia helyezkednek el, míg Magyarország a középmezőnyben, a 19. helyen található, azonban még az indikátor segítségével sem könnyű mérni az EU-s tagállamok teljesítményét, rangsorát.
STRA6 (vitamin A receptor), as a Novel binding receptor of COVID-19
Authors: Elkazzaz Mahmoud , Ahmed Amr Kamel Khalil , Shamkh Israa Mohamed , Abo El Magd Mohammed.F.
Published: September 2021

A global pandemic of pneumonia caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019. Although, the ACE2 receptor has been shown to be the main entry receptor of COVID-19, but here, in our docking analysis , we predicted and discovered a novel receptor called STRA6 that may play a critical role in the pathogenicity of COVID-19 and explain the common pre and post COVID-19 symptoms with uncertain etiology. STRA6 receptor expressed in many organs and immune cells, upregulated by retinoic acid jm6 (STRA6) was the first protein to be identified in a novel category of proteins, cytokine signaling transporters, due to its ability to function as both a cell surface receptor and a membrane protein that binds to retinol binding protein facilitating cellular uptake of retinol. In agreement to our findings, the main ligand of STRA6 (vitamin/retinol) was found to be significantly reduced during COVID-19 infection.
Responsabilidade Civil Ambiental por Derramamento de Óleo e o Problema da Causalidade
Authors: Jiukoski da Silva Sabrina , Lima Reinig Guilherme Henrique
Published: September 2021

O artigo analisa os critérios decisórios utilizados pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça quanto ao problema da causalidade no âmbito da responsabilidade civil ambiental. A estratégia metodológica traçada é o estudo de caso e o recorte analítico dá-se a partir da limitação da responsabilidade civil diante do dano ambiental ocasionado pela explosão do navio Vicuña (Recursos Especiais nº 1.602.106/PR e nº 1.596.081/PR). Ao final, conclui-se que os critérios adotados no julgado não representam soluções que dizem respeito ao nexo de causalidade e o enfoque na teoria da causalidade adequada prejudicou a fundamentação da decisão.
Aplicação da Convenção da UNESCO de 1972 sobre a Proteção do Patrimônio Cultural e Natural da Humanidade pelo STJ em Bem Particular Tombado pelo Poder Público
Authors: Souza Trindade Ivonei
Published: September 2021

O caso versa sobre uma ação civil pública promovida pelo Ministério Público do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (MPE-RJ) contra o proprietário de um bem tombado e o Estado do Rio de Janeiro pedindo, de maneira solidária a ambas partes no polo passivo, a restauração do imóvel bem como uma indenização pelos danos ocasionados. O imóvel tombado é integrante do Conjunto Arquitetônico e Urbanístico da Rua Martins Ferreira e Adjacências, no bairro Botafogo, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O Tribunal de Justiça do Rio de Janeiro (TJ-RJ) condenou somente o Estado do Rio de Janeiro a realizar a reparação do imóvel bem como a pagar a indenização. Em recurso ao Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ), o Estado do Rio de Janeiro alegou que o TJ-RJ não avaliou a posição econômica nem a ausência de manifestação do corréu – no caso, o proprietário do imóvel. Com base nisso, o Estado do Rio de Janeiro defendeu que a decisão do TJ-RJ violava o Decreto-Lei do Tombamento (Decreto-Lei nº 25/1937), ao ignorar o proprietário do imóvel tombado, pois este possui responsabilidade primeira na conservação do bem. O Ministro Herman Benjamin, relator do caso no STJ, acolheu a defesa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e asseverou que é dever primeiro do proprietário em conservar e proteger um patrimônio tombado sob seus cuidados e, caso não tenha recursos financeiros, deve realizar a comunicação às autoridades públicas estatais responsáveis pela proteção do patrimônio cultural. O seu voto ainda ressaltou que o Estado segue tendo a obrigação de preservar, identificar e zelar do seu patrimônio cultural, de modo que ambas as partes (Estado e proprietário particular, caso haja) possuem responsabilidade solidária neste referido dever. A turma da Corte Superior seguiu por unanimidade a posição do relator (STJ, 2019).
Constitucionalismo Democrático Estadunidense
Authors: Oliveira Wagner Vinicius de
Published: September 2021

Esse artigo analisa a resposta do constitucionalismo democrático para a relação entre constitucionalismo e democracia. Distante da pretensão de resolver esse “quebra cabeça” busca-se compreender os traços fundamentais dessa teoria e as possibilidades de leitura comparativa entre as práticas da jurisdição constitucional estadunidense e brasileira. Inicia-se pela leitura aproximativa entre pensamentos, práticas institucionais e ações sociais desenvolvidas nesses países de realidades distintas, sem defender a simples transposição do fenômeno analisado. Utiliza-se como metodologia a revisão bibliográfica para realizar a comparação. Os resultados encontrados justificam o esforço comparativo, apesar das dificuldades de um backlash à brasileira existe uma movimentação em curso.
Efetividade da Guarda Compartilhada Obrigatória como Prevenção da Alienação Parental
Authors: Rielli Silveira D'Angeles Mendes Juliana , De Magalhães Souza Ionete
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo tem como tema a efetividade da guarda compartilhada obrigatória como prevenção da alienação parental. A temática é relevante, tendo em vista a tardia formalização desses institutos no ordenamento brasileiro, bem como o alto número de litígios entre genitores acerca da guarda dos filhos, do que pode decorrer a alienação parental. Portanto, a pesquisa tem por escopo responder ao seguinte questionamento: a guarda compartilhada obrigatória é eficaz para prevenir a alienação parental? Objetiva-se, de forma geral analisar a efetividade da obrigatoriedade da guarda compartilhada como prevenção da alienação parental. Especificamente, aborda-se o tema a partir da noção histórica de família, com delineação do seu conceito; discorre-se sobre poder familiar; analisa-se a doutrina da proteção integral, que se desdobra nos princípios do melhor interesse da criança, da prioridade, do cuidado e da afetividade; examina-se a dissolução das entidades familiares; especificam-se as modalidades de guarda existentes no ordenamento; examina-se a instituição da obrigatoriedade da guarda compartilhada; discorre-se sobre a alienação parental, nos moldes de Lei no 12.318/2010. Realiza-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, bibliográfica, documental, histórica e jurisprudencial. Ainda, utiliza-se do método de abordagem dedutivo e do método de procedimento monográfico. A guarda compartilhada obrigatória enseja o diálogo e o respeito entre os genitores, porquanto fomenta o acompanhamento multiprofissional, de forma que osproblemas advindos do rompimento do vínculo conjugal não afetem o relacionamento com os filhos. Portanto, conclui-se que a guarda compartilhada obrigatória é instrumento eficaz de prevenção da alienaçãoparental.
Racionamento Hídrico e Biopolítica
Authors: H. de S. Mendonça Matheus , Celeste Renata
Published: September 2021

O Estado de Pernambuco arrasta uma crônica deficiência na distribuição de água potável. Atualmente a distribuição hídrica ainda deficitária, apresenta um problema empiricamente notável de isonomia, o qual perfaz-se na incidência do regime de racionamento: somente bairros economicamente desfavorecidos sofrem com os efeitos da atuação desta técnica, não recebendo fluxo constante de água da rede geral, mormente as Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social. Não obstante o racionamento, em um fundamento elementar, visar a garantia de acesso a todos, por igual limite máximo, a determinado recurso alimentar finito, o uso do racionamento na cidade do Recife tem sido perpassado por um recorte socioeconômico.Assim, quando se entende o acesso à água potável como um direito humano proporcionador do gozo de outros tantos, a distribuição desigual assume caráter vilipendiador. A noção de água como essência da vida, de tal modo a confundirem-se vida e água nos seres vivos, força a concluir que controlando a água, controla-se a vida de determinadas populações. Nesta perspectiva, pensou-se em uma razão biopolítica por excelência. Diante disso, o objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a ocorrência de operações biopolíticas na distribuição hídrica na cidade do Recife, por meio de pesquisa de campo em um conjunto de bairros com deficiência em tal serviço, buscando compreender qual papel exerce o racionamento nessas operações de gestão da vida. Dessa forma, tem-se Michel Foucault como marco teórico, adotando-se o método dedutivo e fazendo uso de uma análise qualitativa, concluindo que o regime de racionamento da distribuição de água potável na cidade do Recife é um regime de razão biopolítica.
Racismo reverso e alteridade
Authors: Damasceno Gabriel Pedro Moreira
Published: September 2021

O Direito tem enfrentado uma luta contra o negacionismo epistêmico, que gera concepções errôneas por seus próprios profissionais e ditos estudiosos, contribuindo, infortunadamente, para o aumento de discriminação e preconceitos e o desrespeito à alteridade. Através da Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito, Streck põe em relevo os principais problemas contemporâneos do Direito, objetivando, desta forma, a desconstrução da tradição jurídica desde a primeira codificação, com o surgimento do positivismo jurídico. Esta pesquisa pretende, assim, responder ao seguinte problema: a alteridade pode ser considerada como um direito/dever dentro do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro? Para tanto, foi realizada uma apresentação da matriz teórica da Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito, fundada por Lênio Streck, para basear a atividade crítico-hermenêutica, apresentando-se os elementos caracterizadores da alteridade na análise da sentença do Processo nº. 3466-46.2019.4.01.3500, com o objetivo de se identificar como a alteridade é trabalhada dentro da ordem jurídica pátria.
Capacidade Civil e Deficiência
Authors: Pantaleão Dirscherl Fernanda
Published: September 2021

A resenha discorre sobre a obra “Capacidade civil e deficiência: entre autonomia e proteção”, escrito por Mariana Alves Lara. É uma obra dividida em duas partes, com revisão e crítica a literatura, e a segunda tratando dos valores e interesses sobre sistema de proteção e apoio das pessoas com deficiências. A obra contém uma argumentação sólida tanto na construção teórica básica, mas também na fundamentação crítica sobre a estreita relação entre autonomia e proteção que foi alterada pela intervenção da Convenção de Nova York nas legislações brasileiras por meio do Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência. A autora desenvolve as considerações acerca das capacidades que integram o sistema jurídico brasileiro e o impacto na realidade fática do regime das incapacidades, elucidando sobre as perspectivas de proteção e opressão em relação às pessoas com deficiência e como passam a ser verificados os sistemas de apoio pelas atuais legislações. Por fim, a obra indica a necessidade de buscar adequações no ordenamento brasileiro para que haja um equilíbrio entre autonomia e proteção da pessoa com deficiência.
(Im)Possibilidade de Reconstrução Judicial da Vontade de Paciente Relativamente Incapaz, no Âmbito de Tratamentos Médicos
Authors: Macena de Lima Taisa Maria , Silva Macedo Manoel Antônio
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo busca oferecer uma resposta ao seguinte problema: é possível assegurar ao paciente, já na condição de incapaz, alguma forma de exercício do direito de decidir sobre cuidados e tratamentos que quer, ou não, receber? Foram estudados os aspectos mais relevantes da autonomia privada, no âmbito da relação médico-paciente, com apoio nos métodos científicos indutivo e dedutivo, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Atualmente, reconhece-se apenas aos pacientes lúcidos, ou aos que formalizaram diretivas antecipadas, o direito de decidir quais tratamentos médicos aceitam, ou não, receber. A hipótese aponta para a reconstrução judicial da vontade como alternativa que pode promover de maneira adequada o exercício da autonomia privada de pacientes incapazes, quando em situações de risco relevante à própriasaúde. Ao final, conclui-se pela legitimidade da reconstrução judicial da vontade, com base em interpretação compatível com o tratamento legal conferido ao incapaz, que leva em consideração suas vontades e preferências.
Transdisciplinaridade da Bioética e sua Relação com os Direitos Humanos
Authors: Alves de Araújo Janaína , Lima Neto Bento José
Published: September 2021

A bioética estuda problemas e implicações morais relativos a questões decorrentes dos avanços científicos tecnológicos principalmente na área médica. Esta agregou à esfera jurídica normas éticas referentes à medicina e tecnologias associadas a ela e aplicadas em seres humanos, alargando e inovando o campo de ingerência jurídica no mundo social. Para contribuir com a compreensão do tema, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a transdisciplinaridade da Bioética e sua relação com os Direitos Humanos e o consequente surgimento do Biodireito. Para obter os resultados esperados concernentes à problematização apresentada, será utilizado o método de pesquisa descritiva explicativa de forma a tentar apresentar a conceitualização e a história do surgimento do Biodireito. Acredita-se que a bioética apresenta um caráter transdisciplinar ao somar conhecimento de áreas distintas, posicionando-se entre elas, contudo, construindo algo que as transcende. Quanto ao Direito, é possível observar uma evidente interface ao judicializar as relações de saúde, de modo a garantir e defender os direitos humanos.
Mediação Familiar a Partir da Teoria do Pluralismo Jurídico Comunitário-participativo em Conflitos Familiares Indígenas
Authors: Ozelame Rigo Moschetta Silvia , Roman Mylenna
Published: September 2021

O artigo busca demonstrar a aplicabilidade da mediação familiar, a partir da teoria do pluralismo jurídico comunitárioparticipativo, no âmbito dos conflitos familiares indígenas. A problemática circunscreve-se à pergunta “A mediação familiar, a partir da teoria do pluralismo jurídico comunitário-participativo, pode ser uma metodologia utilizada diante de conflitos familiares indígenas?” Tem-se como objetivo geral analisar se a mediação familiar, a partir da teoria do pluralismo jurídico comunitário-participativo, pode ser uma metodologia utilizada diante de conflitos familiares indígenas. Os objetivos específicos são verificar os fundamentos da teoria do pluralismo jurídico comunitárioparticipativo; compreender a mediação como prática interventivoparticipativa mediante os conflitos familiares; observar os conflitos familiares que se apresentam entre as famílias indígenas. A partir dessa inquietação, o método de abordagem é o dedutivo, o método de procedimento é o monográfico, a metodologia da pesquisa é exploratória, cumulada com pesquisa descritiva. Os resultados advieram do cotejo entre a mediação perante os conflitos de uma forma geral e perante os conflitos familiares indígenas. Ao fim, pode-se considerar que a mediação, comouma metodologia que prima pelo diálogo, por escuta qualificada e corresponsabilidades dos envolvidos, encontra espaço de utilização no ambiente das famílias indígenas, podendo ser manejada pelo cacique queencampa os encaminhamentos dos conflitos familiares ou em Centros Judiciários de Solução de Conflitos e Cidadania. (CEJUSC).
Representação n. 1.048-1/PB, Urbanização e a Vedação ao Retrocesso
Authors: Vivenza Stefano , Andrade Matos Pedro
Published: September 2021

No presente comentário, pretendeu-se estudar as propostas de alteração dos artigos 164 e 165 da Constituição Estadual da Paraíba, através da Representação 1.048-1/PB perante o Supremo Tribunal Federal, em conflito com a vedação ao retrocesso na proteção ambiental. Os artigos em comento visavam disciplinar e restringir as construções de edifícios nos Municípios de Cabedelo, Campina Grande e João Pessoa, com a finalidade de garantir a correta ordenação urbanística e de promover a qualidade de vida da coletividade. Como já era de se esperar, tal legislação era contrária aos interesses do mercado de construção civil. Dessa disputa surgiu a Representação 1.048-1/PB que foi julgada improcedente pelo STF. Observou-se que esse acórdão pode ser considerado como um marco da construção do Direito Fundamental ao Meio Ambiente Ecologicamente Equilibrado reforçando a importância do patrimônio cultural e trazendo reflexos, inclusive, na Constituição Federal de 1988 e marcou a vedação ao retrocesso no Direito Ambiental.
Digital Yuan – currency or policy tool?
Authors: Samek Martin , Vlasta Martin
Published: September 2021

Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are Bitcoin-inspired currencies that combine aspects of virtual currencies with FIAT money. Many central banks and countries around the world are thinking about or planning to introduce some form of CBDC. Among them, China is leading the way, being the first country to issue their CBDC (Digital RMB) into circulation, even if it is yet a pilot program only. This article focuses not only on the Digital RMB and its legal implementation but also on the political, historical, and economic circumstances of its birth, which, when talking about anything related to China, is often crucial to understanding the phenomenon more than the legal provisions themselves. The aim is to deepen the understanding of legal policies in China and open a discussion about the Digital RMB.
Konfiskace uměleckých děl fyzických osob v době nesvobody
Authors: Löbling Zuzana
Published: September 2021

This paper presents an overview of the legal regulation and practice related to the confiscation of works of art in the so called “time of oppression”, which is a legal term for a historical period from 30.9.1938 to 4.5.1945 in the territory of the recent Czech Republic. Since the aim of the paper is to serve as a handout helping to understand the historical context by applying the restitutional statute No. 212/2000 Sb., it shows no detailed case study, but concentrates on an instructional overview. After a brief introduction, which explains the aim of the paper and defines its scope, the time of oppression is divided into two phases – the so called Second Republic and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. There is a short characterism of the respective phase and an indicative timeline describing the Era of Protectorate. The following parts deal with the legal regulation and confiscation praxis in more detail. The era of the so called Second Republic is by the nature of things shorter; however, the roots of the oppression practice are well illustrated. On the other hand, the description of the protectorate era required it to be subdivided into three parts: i) an introduction of the basic legal framework; ii) institutions dealing with confiscation; and iii) the disposition of confiscated goods, taking into account the museum practice.
A two-microRNA signature predicts the progression of male thyroid cancer
Authors: Liu Bingyang , Shi Haihong , Qiu Weigang , Wu Xinquan , Li Liqiong , Wu Wenyi
Published: September 2021

In various cancers, microRNAs (miRNAs) are abnormally expressed, including thyroid cancer (TC). In recent years, the incidence of TC has increased annually around the world. Compared with female patients, male TC patients are more likely to have a postoperative recurrence and lymph node metastasis, and hence need second treatments. However, the molecular biological processes underlying this phenomenon are not understood. Therefore, we collected data on miRNA expression and clinical information of male TC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified between male TC tissues and matched normal tissues. The Kaplan–Meier method, univariate and multivariate Cox regressions, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to assess the association between miRNAs and the disease-free survival of male TC patients. Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) enrichment analyses were then used to explore the function of miRNA target genes. Furthermore, we evaluated the ability of the miRNA biomarker to predict survival in female TC patients. As a result, a total of 118 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, including 25 upregulated and 93 downregulated miRNAs. Among them, miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p were confirmed to be independent prognostic factors for the disease-free survival rate. The target genes of miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p were identified, and functional analysis showed that these genes were enriched in 25 Go and KEGG accessions, including cell signal transduction, motor adhesion, phagocytosis, regulation of transcription, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, etc. Neither miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p, nor a prediction model based on both miRNAs effectively predicted survival in female TC patients. In conclusion, both miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p may play important roles in the processes of male TC. The two-miRNA signature involving miR-1258 and miR-193a may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for male TC patients.
Corruption Accusations and Bureaucratic Performance: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Mazhar Ummad , Iftikhar Komal
Published: September 2021

This study assesses the effectiveness of anti-corruption policies of Pakistan by relating the corruption of government officials to the actual and perceived bureaucratic hurdles faced by formal businesses. It offers a unique perspective by focusing on cases in which the accused officers voluntarily disclosed the misuse of public money (or gains acquired through corruption) in order to avail the option of plea-bargaining. The empirical analysis estimates the effect of these policies on the responses of the managers of business firms in Enterprise Surveys. The number of accusations seems to reduce the incidence of bureaucratic corruption. While the amount that is being offered in bargaining has a negative effect overall, it switches sign overtime suggesting the possibility that it may increase corruption in the long run. The core results are robust across various measures of firm-level corruption. The instrumental variable estimates produce similar results.
A new method for solving quadratic fractional programming problem in neutrosophic environment
Authors: Khalifa Hamiden Abd El-Wahed , Alharbi Majed , Kumar Pavan
Published: September 2021

In the current study, a neutrosophic quadratic fractional programming (NQFP) problem is investigated using a new method. The NQFP problem is converted into the corresponding quadratic fractional programming (QFP) problem. The QFP is formulated by using the score function and hence it is converted to the linear programming problem (LPP) using the Taylor series, which can be solved by LPP techniques or software (e.g., Lingo). Finally, an example is given for illustration.
Is the Expectation of Privacy a Dying Standard? The Government’s Access to Biological Data, Consumer Data and Bioinformatics – And the Limitations that Should be in Place
Authors: Gutierrez Jose Angel
Published: September 2021

The Judicial System is by and large a backward-looking, rather than a forward-looking system. The rapid advancement of technology is creating a greater strain on our legal framework. The current legal system considers whether the Technology is in common use to determine the expectation of privacy, however, this legal standard will, and arguably already does, lack the flexibility to make timely and efficient determinations on the constitutionality of using certain technology for governmental searches and seizures. The solution is a proactive approach through a combination of Legislative and Judicial action that will ensure individual privacy is protected in an ever-advancing technological world.
An examination of imagery ability and imagery use in skilled golfers
Authors: Parker John K. , Lovell Geoff P. , Jones Martin I.
Published: September 2021

Objectives

The use of imagery to improve golf performance is well established and recognised as a key psychological technique in developing and maintaining excellence. However, the relationship between a golfer’s imagery ability and their imagery use is still poorly understood. The current study examined differences in participants vividness of movement imagery and imagery use and the extent their vividness of movement imagery predicted functions of imagery use.

Methods

One hundred and one male skilled golfers (Mage=27.80, SD=11.03) with CONGU recognised handicaps ranging from plus 4 to 5 (Mhandicap=1.32, SD=2.74) completed both the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire-2 (Roberts, R., Callow, N., Hardy, L., Markland, D., & Bringer, J. (2008). Movement imagery ability: Development and assessment of a revised version of the vividness of movement imagery questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 30(2), 200–221) and Sports Imagery Questionnaire (Hall, C. R., Mack, D. E., Paivio, A., & Hauesenblas, H. A. (1998). Imagery use by athletes: Development of the sport imagery questionnaire. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 29, 73–89).

Results

The results demonstrated no significant differences between Internal and External visual imagery, however, Kinaesthetic imagery scores were significantly higher than External visual imagery scores. Significant differences in imagery use were recorded with participants reporting higher Cognitive specific imagery use scores compared to other functions of imagery use. Regression analyses indicted that golf handicap accounted for 12% in the variance of Cognitive specific imagery use with an additional 12% accounted for by Internal visual imagery and 7% Kinaesthetic imagery. For Cognitive general imagery use golf handicap accounted for 4% of the variance with Internal visual imagery adding a further 5% to the model.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight that vividness of movement imagery; specifically, Internal and Kinaesthetic imagery ability are significant predictors of skilled golfers Cognitive specific and Cognitive general imagery use.
Effect of misalignment on coupling efficiency in laser diode to single-mode circular core graded-index fiber coupling via cylindrical microlens on the fiber tip
Authors: Ray Biplab Kumar , Maity Mithun , Gangopadhyay Sankar , Maiti Anup Kumar
Published: September 2021

We report here the first theoretical prediction of coupling efficiency of the laser diode to single-mode graded-index fiber coupling via cylindrical microlens on the tip of the fiber in presence of possible transverse and angular mismatches. Moderately efficient cylindrical microlens on the fiber is easily fabricable and graded-index fiber has less sensitivity to macro as well as micro bending. Thus this coupling device emerges as a potential candidate in the field of coupling optics. The analysis takes into consideration the allowable aperture provided by cylindrical microlens. Further, we shall consider here the coupling in the vertical plane only since the coupling in the horizontal plane has poor performance. Using the relevant ABCD matrix of refraction for a cylindrical lens in the vertical plane, we prescribe analytical expressions of the coupling efficiencies in presence of said kinds of misalignments. In our analysis, we use Gaussian field distribution for both the laser and fiber fields. We carry on our investigation for two commonly used wavelengths namely 1.3 and 1.5 µm. As an example of graded-index fiber, we use some typical step, parabolic, and triangular index fibers in our study. The execution of the prescribed formulations involves little computation. Thus the evaluation of the concerned coupling efficiencies is very much user friendly. The present analysis surfaces the tolerance factors of the coupling devices. Accordingly, the results will prove beneficial to designers and packagers in respect of the design of such coupler involving cylindrical microlens in the field of optimum launch optics.
The Sound Monad: A Philosophical Perspective on Sound Design
Authors: Zingaro Vincenzo
Published: September 2021

This article aims at sketching a philosophical theory of sound based on the perspective of sound designers: unique agents blurring the boundaries between engineering, music, acoustics and sound-based art. After having introduced the general framing in Section 1, focusing on a short history of the theory and practice of sound design, in Section 2 we propose a reading of sound as monad. We derive such intuition from the technology of digital sampling of audio signals, based on the decomposition of complex sound waves in a number of elementary sinusoidal waves. Thus, in Section 3, we attempt at grounding the resulting “sound-atom” on Leibniz’s notion of monad, intended both as a “simple substance without parts” and as a “nucleus of forces in statu possibilitatis.” The insight is resumed and further discussed in Section 4, where we draw our conclusions by demonstrating the fitness of such framing with regards to the standpoint of sound design, while accounting for the work of sound artists Carsten Nicolai and Ryoji Ikeda.
“A Throne Will Be Established in Steadfast Love”: Welcoming Refugees and the Davidic Kingdom in Isaiah 16:1–5
Authors: Aspray Barnabas
Published: September 2021

All commentators agree that Isaiah 16:1–5 is about refugees, yet the passage’s implications for forced migration have not yet been investigated. This article argues that it contains a prophetic call by Isaiah, speaking with God’s authority, that Jerusalem should welcome the Moabite refugees who have fled there for safety. Isaiah tells Jerusalem that by welcoming these refugees they are participating in the coming of a Kingdom and a Davidic King who will rule with justice, righteousness, love, and faithfulness.
Źródła zasobów rodziców wychowujących dzieci z głębszą niepełnosprawnością intelektualną
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Gumienny Beata
Published: September 2021

The issues raised are based on the analysis and interpretation of the narratives of parents raising children with multiple profound intellectual disabilities, collected in a biographical study. The aim of the research was to try to understand and show the subjective meanings that parents give to their own resources, discovered in the course of the life that they build. Narrative interviews were conducted with twenty parents, who were selected non-randomly, based on their experience of the stress of changing their children’s educational institution. Analysis of the empirical material shows five sources of resource generation, i.e. sources of increased strength for parents in the course of their lives.
Znaczenie terapii integracji sensorycznej w funkcjonowaniu dzieci ze spektrum autyzmu w normie intelektualnej (na przykładzie uczniów Szkoły Podstawowej Specjalnej nr 2 w Bytomiu)
Authors:   Szkoła Podstawowa Specjalna nr 2 w Bytomiu, Wyższa Szkoła Humanitas w Sosnowcu, Jarzombek-Ziemiańska Sonia
Published: September 2021

Special Needs Primary School No. 2 in Bytom is a place of study for children from the spectrum of autism and hearing loss in the intellectual norm. As part of revalidation classes, a variety of therapies are conducted. Research was carried out to determine the importance of sensory integration therapy on the quality of functioning and educational progress of students. The conclusions obtained from the research are the basis for determining the further form of therapeutic work.
Rapid response to leptin therapy in a FPLD patient with a novel PPARG missense variant
Authors: Melzer Fiona , Geisler Corinna , Schulte Dominik M , Laudes Matthias
Published: September 2021

Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) syndromes are rare heterogeneous disorders especially in women characterized by selective loss of adipose tissue, reduced leptin levels and severe metabolic abnormalities. Here we report a 34-year-old female with a novel heterozygotic c.485 thymine>guanine (T>G) missense variant (p.phenylalanine162cysteine; (Phe162Cys)) in exon 4 of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene, developing a non-ketotic diabetes and severe hypertriglyceridemia with triglyceride concentrations >50 mmol/L. In this case, a particular interesting feature in comparison to other known PPARG mutations in FPLD is that while glycaemic control could be achieved through standard anti-diabetic medication, hypertriglyceridemia did neither respond to fibrate nor to omega-3-fatty acid therapy. This might suggest a lipid metabolism driven phenotype of the novel PPARG c.485T>G missense variant. Notably, recombinant leptin replacement therapy (metreleptin (Myalepta®)) was initiated showing a rapid and profound effect on triglyceride levels as well as on liver function tests and satiety feeling. Unfortunately, severe allergic skin reactions developed at the side of injection which could be covered by anti-histaminc treatment. We conclude that the heterozygous PPARG c.485T>G variant is a yet undescribed molecular basis underlying FPLD with difficulties predominantly to control hypertriglyceridemia and that recombinant leptin therapy may be effective in affected subjects.

Learning points

Heterozygous c.485T>G variant in PPARG is most likely a cause for FPLD in humans.

This variant results in a special metabolic phenotype with a predominant dysregulation of triglyceride metabolism not responding to standard lipid lowering therapy.

Recombinant leptin therapy is effective in rapidly improving hypertriglyceridemia.
The role of hypoxia-inducible factors in the development of chronic pathology
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Department of Pediatrics No. 2,Ukraine, Shevchenko N. S. , Krutenko N. V. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Department of Pediatrics No. 2,Ukraine;, Zimnytska T. V. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Department of Pediatrics No. 2,Ukraine;, Voloshyn K. V. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Department of Pediatrics No. 2,Ukraine;
Published: September 2021

This review highlights the current understanding of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) role as regulators of oxygen-dependent reactions and inducers of genes expression in human organism. The focus is on the most significant relationships between the activation or inhibition of the HIFs intracellular system and development of the inflammatory process in various organs, chronic diseases of gastrointestinal tract, osteoarticular system, kidneys as well as hematological, endocrine and metabolic disorders.
Educational Priorities for Providing End-of-Life Care: Parent Perspectives
Authors: Arora Gitanjli , Caliboso Menchie , Baird Jennifer , Rusch Rachel , Greenman Jennifer , Obregon Daniela , Serwint Janet R.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVES

Partnership with parents is a tenet of pediatric medicine; however, initiatives to include parents in education and research have been limited. Through focus groups, we included parents at the beginning of curriculum development by asking them to identify the priorities, existing supports, and opportunities for improvement in their child’s end-of-life (EOL) care.

METHODS

English and Spanish-speaking bereaved parents whose child had been cared for by the palliative care team and had died >18 months before the study initiation were invited to participate. In-person focus groups and a follow-up phone call were used to elicit opinions and capture a diversity of viewpoints. Themes were identified and clustered through an iterative analytic process.

RESULTS

Twenty-seven parents of 17 children participated, with the total sample size determined by thematic saturation. Four themes were identified as important to parents in their child’s EOL care: (1) honoring the role of the parent, (2) having confidence in the care team, (3) receiving gestures of love and caring, and (4) navigating logistic challenges.

CONCLUSIONS

We asked parents to be partners in guiding priorities for health care education and professional development to improve pediatric EOL care. In addition to strengthening skills in communication, confidence in the team, and compassion, parents in this study identified a need for hospital staff to anticipate financial and social stressors and provide supportive resources more readily. Additionally, parents described clinical and nonclinical staff as providing support, suggesting that a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary curriculum be developed to improve pediatric EOL care.
A habilidade de se reinventar em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Da Cunha Michelle Okrazewski , Klein Caroline dos Santos , Dresch Tanusa
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo busca relatar a experiência realizada por três professoras do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental do Colégio Marista Assunção, as quais durante o período de pandemia, associada à COVID-19 no ano de 2020, tiveram de reinventar suas práticas pedagógicas. Tem como ponto de partida o ensino a distância, pois frente às decisões governamentais, decidiu-se pela paralisação das aulas presenciais e transformação destas para a modalidade de ensino remoto, a qual tem por objetivo, aulas ministradas remotamente sem a necessidade da presença física. Contudo, tal modalidade, até então, não era tão abrangente para os anos iniciais. Partiu-se, assim, de uma proposta diferenciada, alicerçada nas metodologias ativas, entre elas a sala de aula invertida, que possibilita reorganizar o espaço-tempo e mobilizar o protagonismo dos estudantes.