bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treating Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Recent Advances in Inner Ear Drug
Delivery
Authors: Vachheta Dolly N. , Shah Yamini Dushyant , Athalye Mansi Ninaad , Kakkad Drashty Kumarbhai , Darji Mansi Jitenderabhai
Published: April 2023

This review aims to provide historical, present, and future drug deliveries for treating in-ner ear disorders. Systemic delivery, such as antibiotics and steroids for the inner ear, was the basis on which current drug delivery systems and devices have been researched and developed. Re-searchers and clinicians had to develop and deliver drugs locally due to adverse effects caused by drugs systemically. Intratympanic method of antibiotics and steroid delivery has been common; however, newer techniques such as microcatheter implantation, hydrogels, nanoparticles, and intra-cochlear implants are being investigated successfully. Recently advances in microfluidic and mi-crosystems technology have applied medications directly into the inner ear. This technology will also be adopted to deliver gene therapy, RNA interference technology, and stem cell therapy by cli-nicians in the future.
Current Prospects in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pathophysiology,
Genetics, and Treatments
Authors: Khan Shoaib , Mohan Krishna , Muzammil Sazina , Alam Md. Aftab , Khayyam Khalid Umer
Published: April 2023

An autoimmune inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), predominantly
affects the synovium joint lining, augmenting disability, early mortality, and socioeconomic
difficulty. Therefore, current updates on pharmacological therapies are crucial for
developing drugs to treat the disease at each stage. This review attempts to compile a thorough
analysis of current developments in our knowledge of RA pathogenesis and diseasemodifying
drugs, with the aim of providing insights for next-generation RA therapeutics.
According to the literature, the most successful drugs for treatment techniques described so
far in this area include (cs) DMARDs (sub-class of disease modifying anti-rheumatic
drugs DMARDs), tsDMARDS (targeted synthetic DMARDS), and bDMARDs (biological
DMARDs). However, current pharmacologic therapy consisting of biological, conventional,
and potentially viable small molecule DMARDs remains the cornerstone of
rheumatoid arthritis treatment with which significant progress toward disease remission
has been accomplished. The pathobiology of RA involves cytokine messengers such as B
and T-cells, and an intricate interplay of pro-inflammatory cytokines responsible for activating
and developing effector cells, in turn, accountable for local disease and systemic
symptoms. Despite the fact that the cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not known, new treatments
have been created as a result of better approaches towards the biology of the disease. As they
target molecules directly implicated in the genesis of rheumatoid arthritis, these drugs may be
more effective, targeted, and less harmful in the short and long term than standard therapies.
Role of Nanofertilizers in Agriculture-Futuristic Approach
Authors: Bhojiya Ali Asger , Yahaya Muhammad Abubakar , Ahmad Mahmud Aliyu , Salisu Ahmad Umar , Sen Monica , Jain Devendra
Published: April 2023

Chemical fertilizers are crucial in the production of cost-effective
agricultural crops. However, long-term usage of chemical fertilizers will deteriorate the
soil quality and it is hazardous to human health. Scientists and researchers across the
globe are seeking the help of nanotechnology as a possible solution to combat the
hazardous effect of chemical fertilizers. Nanotechnology is a branch of science and
engineering concerned with the matter at the nanoscale or one billionth of a meter.
Nanofertilizers are modified fertilizers that are synthesized using techniques of
nanotechnology involving various physicochemical and biological methods. These
methods aid in enhancing their attributes and composition, which leads to a positive
effect on crop productivity. Nanofertilizers are far more beneficial when compared to
chemical fertilizers as the former are cost-effective, less toxic and show controlled and
regulated release of nutrients to plants. This chapter is primarily concerned with the
various methods employed in nanofertilizer synthesis, the economic importance of
nanofertilizers and their advantage over conventional chemical fertilizers. 
Nanobiotics for the Treatment of MDR Infections
Authors: Roy Mrinalini , Mewara Surbhi , Sharma Prashant , Jyoti Anupam , Srivastava Vijay Kumar , Kaushik Sanket
Published: April 2023

Nanoparticles are those agents that are made-up of single or a combination
of single or multiple materials which are very small in size ranging from 1 to 100
nanometers. Several studies reveal that nanoparticles have features that interact
effectively with microorganisms and can help in treating multidrug-resistant organisms.
These have intrinsic antimicrobial activity and are of various types broadly divided into
organic and inorganic nanoparticles. Nanoparticles can engage with bacteria and travel
across the bacterial cells and host cell membranes, and help treat ESKAPE pathogens
which are among the most notorious multidrug resistant superbugs. These pathogens
have MDR features and have multiple types of MDR mechanisms including drug
inactivation/alteration, modification of drug binding sites/targets, reduced intracellular
drug accumulation and biofilm formation. For targeting different types of MDR, there
are multiple types of nanoparticles such as metal nanoparticles, nanostructures,
leukocyte membrane-coated nanoparticles, red blood cell membrane-coated
nanoparticles, cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, and platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles among others. Antimicrobial nanobiotics identified and
synthesized to date harbor a vast diversity of intrinsic and modified physicochemical
properties and have applications in diagnostics. No technology is without its challenges
and the same is true for nanobiotics. The major challenges in this field of nanobiotic-based therapeutics are their allergic responses, assembly and pharmacokinetics. This
chapter will elaborate on the mechanisms of action of various types of nanobiotics
present as cost-effective solutions useful in a variety of applications in the treatment of
MDR pathogens with a special focus on ESKAPE pathogens.
Promises of Nanobiosensors in Pathogen Detection
Authors: Jyoti Anurag , Shrivastava Neha , Shrivastava Vikas , Singh Tomar Rajesh
Published: April 2023

Rapid and accurate identification of pathogens has always been challenging.
There are a number of methods for the detection of pathogens, but still they face
critical challenges. In general, rapidity, sensitivity, and accuracy are the important
criteria that limit the applicability of classical methods. Nanomaterials-based
biosensors have been proven to be effective for the early and accurate quantification of
pathogens. Interactions between target pathogen and nanomaterials are very important,
as they provide a measurable signal in biosensors. Nanobiosensors are effective in
detecting pathogenic bacteria in various samples, including food, water, blood, and
other matrices. In this chapter, we intend to discuss the existence and importance of
electrochemical-based biosensors for quantification. 
Applications of Taurine in the Central Nervous System Disorders Linked with Mitochondrial Impairment
Authors: Heidari Reza , Ommati M. Mehdi
Published: April 2023

Taurine (TAU) reaches a high concentration in the central nervous system (CNS). The physiological role of TAU in the CNS is the subject of many investigations. It has been suggested that this amino acid could act as a membrane stabilizer, a modulator of calcium signaling, a trophic factor for neuronal development, and even be proposed as a neurotransmitter in the CNS. Besides, several investigations revealed the neuroprotective properties of TAU in various experimental models. Multiple mechanisms, including the inhibition of the excitotoxic response, the blockade of cytoplasmic calcium overload, regulation of oxidative stress, and the positive effects of TAU on mitochondrial parameters, have been proposed for the neuroprotective properties of this amino acid. Today, it is well-known that mitochondrial function and energy metabolism play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders and xenobiotics-induced neurotoxicity. Hence, targeting mitochondria with safe and clinically applicable agents is a viable therapeutic option in various neurodegenerative disorders. In the current chapter, the effects of TAU on the CNS will be highlighted, focusing on the positive effects of this amino acid on mitochondrial parameters. The data could help the development of safe therapeutic agents against CNS complications.
The Mechanism of Action of Taurine in the Digestive System
Authors: Heidari Reza , Ommati M. Mehdi
Published: April 2023

Several transporters have been identified for taurine (TAU) absorption from
the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The Na+
/Cl-
-dependent taurine transporter (TauT) and
PAT1 (SLC36A1) are well-known TAU transporters in the GI. These transporters
efficiently deliver TAU from GI to the bloodstream. On the other hand, no metabolic
pathway has been identified for TAU in the human body. But, it has been found that
GI-resident bacteria are able to metabolize TAU to sulfur-containing chemicals (e.g.,
H2S). Hence, GI is the primary place for TAU metabolism. TAU-conjugated
compounds such as bile acids are also excreted through GI. Compounds such as H2S
could be re-absorbed from GI and have a tremendous physiological effect on other
organs (e.g., heart and vessels). Finally, it should be noted that several studies
mentioned that TAU could protect GI in various pathological conditions (e.g.,
xenobiotics-induced GI damage). In the current chapter, a brief review of the
absorption, metabolism, and excretion of TAU is provided. Then, the importance of
TAU metabolites in the GI and other organs is highlighted. Finally, the effects of TAU
on GI complications are discussed, focusing on the effects of this amino acid on
oxidative stress biomarkers and mitochondrial impairment. These data could give a
new concept of the physiological roles of TAU as well as its effects on GI
complications.
Post-truth era, truth delivery method: Focusing on Beyond Death and Beyond the Darkness of Age, Spring Day, A Boy Is Coming
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Lee myoung-mi
Published: April 2023

This thesis presupposes that a literary approach is needed for truth discourse in the era of post-truth. In spite of fake news and distortion, we looked at the methods of conveying the truth of Beyond Death and Beyond the Darkness of Age, a novel form of Spring Day, and A Boy Is Coming, a non-fiction dealing with the May 18th, which received fair evaluation despite fake news and distortion. Literature that has narratives and deals with emotions and emotions that move the human heart is a complete genre that can return to the truth in the post-truth era where fake news is prevalent. If non-fictional discourse forms explore the meaning and expression of the event in the category of literature, and literature also conveys the truth through literary devices and various formal aesthetic expressions, it can be more effective for readers to accept it. The truth of our time can be communicated when the act of reconstructing a huge historical event into a literary discourse is accompanied by the legitimacy itself. Literature has a humanistic status in that it can embrace universal human intelligence and sensibility to imagine and draw a better world. And because its status is organic and inseparable from our lives, it has dignity that is neither high nor low. If the metaphorical language system replaces communication beyond objective information and presents a solution to ethical problems caused by fictionization, then the truth discourse in literature can be an alternative to the post-truth era.
The Formation of Media Buzzwords and Linguistic-Cultural orientation
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Gang Yeon-im
Published: April 2023

Buzzwords are formed most sensitively and quickly reflecting the changes in society at the time. Therefore, social characteristics, the meaning pursued by life, and linguistic and cultural orientation can be examined through buzzwords. Since buzzwords in the media are linguistic data that have not gone through filtering, they are data that can vividly explore social changes. In this study, the linguistic function and linguistic cultural orientation of buzzwords in the media were examined. The conclusion is replaced by a summary of the preceding discussion. First, the method of forming the meaning of buzzwords was examined. Trendy words are linguistic materials that sharply express various phenomena of society at the time. Trendy words are formed by mobilizing various methods to express and convey as strong and impressively as possible. The method of forming the meaning of buzzwords can be divided into synthesis, transfer, and emphasis of meaning. Second, the meaning and expression patterns of buzzwords were examined. Because buzzwords are formed under various intentions, their meanings and expressions can also vary. Representative meanings and expressions include abbreviated expressions for quick delivery, idiom expressions for fun, emphatic expressions through reproduction, and extreme expressions containing excesses. First, abbreviated expressions for quick information transfer are the core required in buzzwords. And for fun expressions, we pursue fun in a variety of ways, such as matching rhythms and using homophones. Emphasizing expression through reproduction means that when a buzzword appears, it is used as a base form to freely create and use similar forms. Lastly, as we pursued something fresher and more impressive in order to get a favorable response from the public, an excess of verbal expression appeared, and finally, a buzzword containing extreme expression appeared. Third, the linguistic and cultural orientation of buzzwords in the media appears as value orientation, self orientation, and excessive orientation. The linguistic culture of value orientation refers to the pursuit of legitimate values accepted by individuals or society. Self-oriented language culture can be understood as representing the life and values of modern people. Excessive orientation reflects the desire to effectively express the intended content whenever possible.
Decomposition of carbon dioxide in a discharge maintained by continuous focused sub-terahetz radiation at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Sintsov S. V.  , Mansfeld D. A.  , Veselov A. P.  , Fokin A. P.  , Ananichev A. A.  , Glyavin M. Yu.  , Vodopyanov A. V.
Published: April 2023

For the first time, experiments were carried out on the decomposition of carbon dioxide in a plasma torch maintained by continuous focused gyrotron radiation with a frequency of 263 GHz in an argon flow at atmospheric pressure. It is shown that, despite the decrease in the electron density by a factor of 5, when 3% carbon dioxide is added to the plasma-forming gas, it is possible to achieve its degree of conversion of 22% due to the nonequilibrium nature of maintaining the discharge. Thus, the prospects of using high-power electromagnetic radiation in the sub-terahertz range for solving plasma-chemical problems of the decomposition of highly stable molecules have been demonstrated. Keywords: microwave discharge, nonequilibrium plasma, gyrotron, subterahertz radiation, CO2 decomposition. Keywords: microwave discharge, nonequilibrium plasma, gyrotron, subterahertz radiation, CO2 decomposition.
Dynamic fluctuation of the tropospheric height over Baghdad city
Authors: Abodi Nemah Hussain , Abbas Mohammed Nagham , Nihad Zaki Khawla , Abdulkareem Iqbal H.
Published: April 2023

Troposphere height has extensive interaction with other atmospheric components; it gives a good indication of what happened inside; therefore, this work tried to investigate the heat rate effect on troposphere height, especially after the global warming intensity and increased temperature degree rate along the time; thus the study covered 13 years to understand the real behavior of troposphere. Data for this work was given from the European center for medium-range weather forecasting (ECMWF) over Baghdad city, the result showed that there is a fluctuation in troposphere height, and the difference between a higher and lower point in winter was about (120 m), and that was higher than its rate on summer which was about only (30 m), also the result denoted that the fluctuation frequency becomes lower in the late of the study period. On the other side, the study found that the coherence between temperature and troposphere height fluctuation becomes higher in summer than in winter. Still, in general, the troposphere height recorded an increasing trend over time of the study period.

Keywords: Troposphere height, Temperature, Baghdad city, ECMWF, Seasonal variation.
Exodia phenomenon of foodborne Mycophages cocktails against chimeric strains of Candida albicans recovered from dairy chain ecosystems in Baghdad
Authors: Al-Shammary Ali , Abdul Mounam Moutaz
Published: April 2023

Influential, organized groups with natural antimicrobial and anti-biofilm broad-spectrum power exist within the food chain, like a hidden dormant mimic hygienic bio life nanobodies that can terminate multiple opportunistic disease entities owing multi-stress resistant forbidden recalcitrant power, such as Candida albicans. These wonderful dynamic forces created by ALLAH Almighty are the Mycophages or fungi-eating state of fungi foodborne phages, and this project was redirected to be a dare to leap from us towards the future. Multi-stress resistant C. albicans that are resistant to different antifungal agents with their genetic tolerance plasticity to thermal pasteurization decontamination module as well as to ultraviolet irradiation hurdle strategy recovered from raw milk (mastitis), yogurt and soft cheese with versatile phenotypes resident in topic sectors of Abu-Ghraib, Al-Fudhaliyah and Al-Sadrya in Baghdad. From the other side of trueness, we discover an abnormal deviated activity of bacteriophages cocktails that behave with broad-spectrum functions against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin-resistant Streptococci (VRE) as lytic bactericidal and versus multi stress resistant C. albicans as redirected terminator lytic Mycophages thus objected to be a new nano-built hygienic phenomenon entity (Exodia).

Keywords: Exodia, Lytic Mycophages, Multi stress-resistant Candida albicans, dairy chain ecosystems
The Spatiotemporal Pattern and Its Determinants of Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome in Northeastern China: Spatiotemporal Analysis
Authors: Wang Yanding , Wei Xianyu , Jia Ruizhong , Peng XingYu , Zhang Xiushan , Yang Meitao , Li Zhiqiang , Guo Jinpeng , Chen Yong , Yin Wenwu , Zhang Wenyi , Wang Yong
Published: April 2023

Background

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a significant zoonotic disease mainly transmitted by rodents. However, the determinants of its spatiotemporal patterns in Northeast China remain unclear.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics and epidemiological characteristics of HFRS and detect the meteorological effect of the HFRS epidemic in Northeastern China.

Methods

The HFRS cases of Northeastern China were collected from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and meteorological data were collected from the National Basic Geographic Information Center. Times series analyses, wavelet analysis, Geodetector model, and SARIMA model were performed to identify the epidemiological characteristics, periodical fluctuation, and meteorological effect of HFRS in Northeastern China.

Results

A total of 52,655 HFRS cases were reported in Northeastern China from 2006 to 2020, and most patients with HFRS (n=36,558, 69.43%) were aged between 30-59 years. HFRS occurred most frequently in June and November and had a significant 4- to 6-month periodicity. The explanatory power of the meteorological factors to HFRS varies from 0.15 ≤ q ≤ 0.01. In Heilongjiang province, mean temperature with a 4-month lag, mean ground temperature with a 4-month lag, and mean pressure with a 5-month lag had the most explanatory power on HFRS. In Liaoning province, mean temperature with a 1-month lag, mean ground temperature with a 1-month lag, and mean wind speed with a 4-month lag were found to have an effect on HFRS, but in Jilin province, the most important meteorological factors for HFRS were precipitation with a 6-month lag and maximum evaporation with a 5-month lag. The interaction analysis of meteorological factors mostly showed nonlinear enhancement. The SARIMA model predicted that 8,343 cases of HFRS are expected to occur in Northeastern China.

Conclusions

HFRS showed significant inequality in epidemic and meteorological effects in Northeastern China, and eastern prefecture-level cities presented a high risk of epidemic. This study quantifies the hysteresis effects of different meteorological factors and prompts us to focus on the influence of ground temperature and precipitation on HFRS transmission in future studies, which could assist local health authorities in developing HFRS-climate surveillance, prevention, and control strategies targeting high-risk populations in China.
A Web-Based Sexual Violence, Alcohol Misuse, and Bystander Intervention Program for College Women (RealConsent): Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Salazar Laura Francisca , Schipani-McLaughlin Anne Marie , Sebeh Yesser , Nizam Zainab , Hayat Matt
Published: April 2023

Background

Sexual violence (SV) incidence among college women has been invariant for the past 20 years. Innovative prevention strategies that are low resource and technology driven but demonstrate efficacy are greatly needed.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of a novel theoretically driven internet-based intervention for first-year college students who identify as women (RealConsent) in reducing their risk of exposure to SV and alcohol misuse as well as increasing alcohol protective and bystander behaviors.

Methods

This randomized controlled trial involved first-year college students who identified as women (n=881) attending 1 of 3 universities in the southeastern United States. Participants aged 18 to 20 years were randomized to RealConsent (444/881, 50.4%) or to an attention-matched placebo control (437/881, 49.6%). RealConsent is fully automated and consists of four 45-minute modules that incorporate entertainment-education media and proven behavior change techniques. The primary outcome was exposure to SV; the secondary outcomes were alcohol protective behaviors, dating risk behaviors, alcohol misuse, and bystander behavior. Study outcomes were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up.

Results

Among participants with some exposure to SV, those in the RealConsent group experienced less exposure to SV than the placebo group (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.48, 95% CI 0.33-0.69; P=.002). Furthermore, participants in the RealConsent group engaged in more alcohol protective behaviors (adjusted odds ratio 1.17, 95% CI 0.12-2.22; P=.03) and were less likely to binge drink (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.81, 95% CI 0.67-0.97; P=.003). Finally, participants in the RealConsent group who had 100% dosage were more likely to engage in bystander behavior than those with <100% dosage plus placebo group (adjusted odds ratio 1.72, 95% CI 1.17-2.55; P=.006).

Conclusions

A comprehensive exposure to SV, alcohol use, and bystander educational program was successful in decreasing the occurrence of exposure to SV among those most at risk and in increasing alcohol protective behaviors. Because of its web-based and mobile technologies, RealConsent can be easily disseminated and holds potential for reducing campus SV.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03726437; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03726437
Impact of Social Isolation, Physician-Patient Communication, and Self-perception on the Mental Health of Patients With Cancer and Cancer Survivors: National Survey Analysis
Authors: Choudhury Avishek
Published: April 2023

Background

Cancer is perceived as a life-threatening, fear-inducing, and stigmatized disease. Most patients with cancer and cancer survivors commonly experience social isolation, negative self-perception, and psychological distress. The heavy toll that cancer takes on patients continues even after treatment. It is common for many patients with cancer to feel uncertain about their future. Some undergo anxiety, loneliness, and fear of getting cancer again.

Objective

This study examined the impact of social isolation, self-perception, and physician-patient communication on the mental health of patients with cancer and cancer survivors. The study also explored the impact of social isolation and physician-patient communication on self-perception.

Methods

This retrospective study used restricted data from the 2021 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), which collected data from January 11, 2021, to August 20, 2021. We used the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method for data analysis. We checked for quadratic effects among all the paths connecting social isolation, poor physician-patient communication, mental health (measured using the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-4]), and negative self-perception. The model was controlled for confounding factors such as respondents’ annual income, education level, and age. Bias-corrected and accelerated (BCA) bootstrap methods were used to estimate nonparametric CIs. Statistical significance was tested at 95% CI (2-tailed). We also conducted a multigroup analysis in which we created 2 groups. Group A consisted of newly diagnosed patients with cancer who were undergoing cancer treatment during the survey or had received cancer treatment within the last 12 months (receipt of cancer treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic). Group B consisted of respondents who had received cancer treatment between 5 and 10 years previously (receipt of cancer treatment before the COVID-19 pandemic).

Results

The analysis indicated that social isolation had a quadratic effect on mental health, with higher levels of social isolation associated with worse mental health outcomes up to a certain point. Self-perception positively affected mental health, with higher self-perception associated with better mental health outcomes. In addition, physician-patient communication significantly indirectly affected mental health via self-perception.

Conclusions

The findings of this study provide important insights into the factors that affect the mental health of patients with cancer. Our results suggest that social isolation, negative self-perception, and communication with care providers are significantly related to mental health in patients with cancer.
Ethical Considerations of Using ChatGPT in Health Care (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Changyu , Liu Siru , Yang Hao , Guo Jiulin , Wu Yuxuan , Liu Jialin
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

ChatGPT has promising applications in health care, but potential ethical issues need to be addressed proactively to prevent harm. ChatGPT presents potential ethical challenges from legal, humanistic, algorithmic, and informational perspectives. Legal ethics concerns arise from the unclear allocation of responsibility when patient harm occurs and from potential breaches of patient privacy due to data collection. Clear rules and legal boundaries are needed to properly allocate liability and protect users. Humanistic ethics concerns arise from the potential disruption of the physician-patient relationship, humanistic care, and issues of integrity. Overreliance on artificial intelligence (AI) can undermine compassion and erode trust. Transparency and disclosure of AI-generated content are critical to maintaining integrity. Algorithmic ethics raise concerns about algorithmic bias, responsibility, transparency and explainability, as well as validation and evaluation. Information ethics include data bias, validity, and effectiveness. Biased training data can lead to biased output, and overreliance on ChatGPT can reduce patient adherence and encourage self-diagnosis. Ensuring the accuracy, reliability, and validity of ChatGPT-generated content requires rigorous validation and ongoing updates based on clinical practice. To navigate the evolving ethical landscape of AI, AI in health care must adhere to the strictest ethical standards. Through comprehensive ethical guidelines, health care professionals can ensure the responsible use of ChatGPT, promote accurate and reliable information exchange, protect patient privacy, and empower patients to make informed decisions about their health care.
COVID-19 as a cause of acute kidney transplant rejection: clinical and morphological analysis of a fatal case report
Authors: Demchenko V.M. , Myroshnychenko M.S. , Tsymbal M.M. , Lysachenko V.L. , Dyadyk O.O. , Zhelieznikova M.O.
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 against the background of the respiratory system damage often causes changes in the morpho-functional state of the kidneys, accelerates the progression and development of complications of chronic kidney disease, and is the cause of a high mortality rate in kidney transplant recipients. In the article, the authors conduct a detailed clinical and morphological analysis of a fatal case report of acute kidney transplant rejection of antibody-mediated and cell-mediated genesis, the development of which was determined by the presence of COVID-19 in the patient. The authors emphasize that the morphological study is crucial for the diagnosis of renal transplant rejection. This clinical and morphological analysis of a case report shows the need for an individual approach to this category of patients for the purpose of timely diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF INTRAVENOUS FERRIC CARBOXYMALTOSE VERSUS IRON SUCROSE COMPLEX FOR THE TREATMENT OF MODERATE GRADE ANEMIA IN POST CAESAREAN SECTION WOMEN: A RANDOMIZED AND PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: SAROJ KOTHARI , SHIRALEE RUNWAL
Published: April 2023

Objective: Iron deficiency anemia is common in postpartum women in India. The present study is aimed at comparing the safety and efficacy ofintravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) with intravenous iron sucrose complex (ISC) in patients who underwent cesarean section and havingmoderate grade anemia in postpartum period.Methods: A prospective and comparative study was carried out in 100 post-cesarean section women with moderate grade anemia hemoglobin (Hb7–9 g%) in Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior (M.P.) from February 2019 to August 2020. Subjects were randomly allocated to two groups, namely,FCM and ICS, 50 patients in each group. In group FCM, patients were infused with 1000 mg of FCM in a single dose on 4th post-operative day. Patients inISC group were infused with ISC 200 mg in 100 mL normal saline on 3 alternate days on 4th, 6th, and 8th post-operative day. Mean, Hb mean corpuscularvolume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), and MCH concentration (MCHC) were recorded before start of therapy and 15 days after treatment in allstudy subjects. Mean reticulocyte count was recorded before start of treatment and 2 days after completion of treatment that is on 6th and 10th postcesarean day in FCM and ICS group, respectively. Adverse drug reactions were recorded during the study period. Statistical analysis was done usingStatistical Package for the Social Sciences software.Results: Mean Hb increased by 27% in FCM and by 19% in ISC group and is significant (*p<0.05) from baseline values. FCM showed significantly(**p<0.01) better response, than ISC group. Mean reticulocyte percent showed significant increase by 120% and 73% in FCM and ISC group,respectively, from the baseline and change in mean reticulocyte in FCM was significant (***p<0.001) as compared to ISC. The mean rise in MCV was12% and 5% and MCH was by 10% and 1% in FCM and ISC group, respectively. FCM groups showed significantly better response (p<0.05) than ISC.However, in MCHC, there were 7% and 4% increase in FCM and ISC group, respectively, and on inter group comparison was not significant (p>0.05).Adverse effects noted during the study were mild and responded to symptomatic treatment. Sixteen percentage of FCM cases and 26% of ISC casesunderwent adverse drug reactions that included nausea, vomiting, giddiness, and injection site reactions.Conclusion: FCM is more efficacious and safer than ISC, making it the first line of management in postpartum iron deficiency anemia.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN RP-HPLC METHOD FOR DEFERIPRONE ESTIMATION IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Authors: KOTHAWADE SACHIN N , V PANDE VISHAL
Published: April 2023

Objectives: For the simultaneous estimation of deferiprone in pharmaceutical formulations, a high-performance liquid chromatographic technique that is straightforward, reproducible, and effective was developed.
Methods: The Advanced Technologies Ltd HPLC system with a UV-2075 UV-Vis detector, P-2080 HPLC pump, and a Hypersil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm) was used to perform the chromatographic separation. ACN and water make up the mobile phase (55:45 v/v). The solvent system was flowing at a rate of 1.0 mL/min. 4.7 g of sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate and 1 mL of triethyl amine were used as the buffer, and orthophosphoric acid was used to bring the pH of the solution to 4.0 ± 0.05. The sample volume was 20 μL, as well as the temperature range, was kept at room temperature.
Results: The method was approved for the rapid screening and confirmed in conformance with ICH guidelines. For the purpose of determining the presence of deferiprone in active ingredients, an RP-HPLC analysis model with Uv spectrophotometer has been developed. The drug determination retention time (4.960 min), which is crucial for routine analysis. The method’s high sensitivity was indicated by the low identification and qualifying limits.
Conclusion: The developed method for simultaneously determining Deferiprone in pharmaceutical formulations was found to be more accurate, precise, and selective.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SCREEN TIME AND ITS EFFECTS IN PRE-COVID AND COVID-ERA IN CHILDREN OF 5 TO 15 YEARS
Authors: Rajpoot Atul , Jain Anurag , Gupta Preeti , Bhargava Neeta , Vijaywargiya Taruna , Gupta Mahesh
Published: April 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the screen time (ST) in pre-COVID and COVID era in children aged 5–15 years and to analyse the ST effect in pre-COVID and COVID era in the children.
Methods: The study was done at Vivekananda Polyclinic and Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow. Two hundred and seventy-six children aged between 5 and 15 years, attending outpatient department or inpatient department were enrolled in the study.
Results: It was observed that the ST was significantly increased in post-COVID as compared to pre-COVID time and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001*). It was also observed that the screening time was significantly increased in post-COVID as compared to pre-COVID time and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001*).
Conclusion: The present study found that when screening duration was analysed, the screening time during COVID-19 was significantly longer than the screening time before COVID-19 which may be associated with the various health problems reported among children during COVID-19 pandemic.
Openmenot: A Google Chrome Extension for Detecting Phishing Websites Using Deep Learning
Authors: Govindhasamy Dr. V. , P Ms. Nivethitha. A. , K Ms. Pandeeswari. , Aswathi Ms. , Piravin Mr.
Published: April 2023

Abstract: With the advent of internet as a major medium right from inter-personal communication to how business transactions occur, the need to focus on research and development of various cyber security techniques rises. Phishing is one of the most common social engineering methods faced by public internet users, governments and businesses. There are several types of phishing by which users are directed to fake websites that resemble the legit ones. These fake websites collect the user credentials and use them for illegal purposes. In this project, a three-fold detection model using deep learning techniques like (Gradient Booster) for lexical and domain feature extraction ,(LSTM) for hyperlink extraction and (CNN) for content based extraction to detect phishing websites is proposed. This model is deployed by developing a google chrome extension that classifies and alerts the user when he/she is directed to a website that is not legit
Intruder Alert System
Authors: V Soniya Komal , Kaunain Sayyida , Naaz Sheefa , M IndraKumar , Mohammed Irfan
Published: April 2023

Abstract: In this paper, we present an intruder alert system that detects and classifies potential intruders in a given environment using computer vision and machine learning. A network of cameras and a central processing unit run an object detection algorithm and a machine learning classifier in the system. This project was designed and built with an Arduino mega microcontroller, system connected to a GSM module with SIM (subscriber identification module) from a network provider (LDR) sensor which is used in this project is connected to a microcontroller unit, GSM module, and other electronic devices which thus detect any intruder in a classified area, activates the alarm system, and sends text message notifications to the house owner specifying the location and time of intrusion to the house owner's programmed phone number. The design worked in real-time in an area with good network coverage, as expected, according to preliminary testing. It has a wide range of applications in surveillance, particularly in industrial and home security, where internet connectivity is unavailable. The findings demonstrate that the system is capable of accurately identifying and categorizing possible intruders with low rates of false positives.
AN ANALYSIS OF COMPENSATION AND COMPETENCE EFFECTS TOWARDS LECTURER PERFORMANCE AT STMIK ROYAL KISARAN
Authors: Putri Pristiyanilicia , Syafwan Havid , Dristyan Febri
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of compensation and competence partially andsimultaneously on the lecturer’s performance of STMIK Royal Kisaran in Asahan Regency, NorthSumatera. The population of this research was all regular (permanent) lecturers at STMIK Royaltotally of 90 people where data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires and interviewsto those permanent lecturers. The quantitative method was used in this study, while the analyticalmethod used was multiple regression analysis by performing the F test and t test where the data isprocessed using SPSS software. From the results of multiple regression analysis the equation Y = 8.032+ 0.181X1 + 0.339X2 is obtained. Partially and simultaneously the compensation and competencevariables affect the performance variables of lecturers at STMIK Royal Kisaran.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MFEP METHOD IN DETERMINING THE PERFORMANCE OF VILLAGE GOVERNMENT APPARATUS BUHUNG SIBATU STONE
Authors: Nazmi Sitorus Arrizka , - Hambali , Maulina Azmi Sri Rezki
Published: April 2023

The village government is a government that channels the aspirations of the people from the community to the hamlet head and to the village hall led by a village head. A village head must be able to regulate and direct the apparatus to carry out quality government services. One of the methods used by the Village Head to improve quality services is to determine the performance of the government apparatus at the Village Hall Office. This method aims to determine the level of quality of the apparatus in the sub-district office. Apparatus assessment was also carried out by Bahung Sibatu Batu Village to determine the level of quality of the apparatus in the Village Hall Office. However, the assessment carried out now is still done manually on the assessment sheet and is still subjective, because there are no aspects of the assessment used in evaluating the performance of this apparatus. In assessing the performance of the apparatus of Bahung Sibatu Batu Village by evaluating which apparatus matches the criteria with the Village Head. The criteria for determining the performance of the apparatus include attendance, attitude, loyalty, responsibility and task completion. In addition to still using the conventional system, the closeness of the Village Head with employees often results in decisions that are different from what they should, this causes the results of the decisions to be inaccurate, so a decision support system is needed using the Multifactor Evaluation Process (MFEP) method.
El embargo preventivo respecto de los administradores de hecho en la Ley de Proceso Concursal
Authors: García Scavino Joaquín
Published: April 2023

Este trabajo analizará el embargo de los administradores de hecho desde la óptica de la Ley de Proceso Concursal en armonía con el Código General del Proceso, desde su procedencia, así como sus requisitos y su apelabilidad, en contraposición con el administrador de derecho.
HOMOFOBIA: um elemento estressor para a sintomatologia ansiosa
Authors: Medeiros Rafhael Barros , Vieira Kay Francis Leal , Ferreira Olivia Dayse Leite , Cipriano João Pedro dos Santos , Coutinho Marcio de Lima , Ferreira Maria Denise Leite
Published: April 2023

The present research aimed to analyze the relation of Homophobia with anxiety symptoms; wherein the specific objectives were to characterize the profile of the participants; analyze anxiety in people with and without interest in homoaffective relationships; compare the level of anxiety in victims and non-victims of homophobia. For this, a descriptive field research, almost experimental design and quantitative in nature was carried out. Regarding data collection, a sociodemographic form was used; as well as a self-identification questionnaire as a victim of homophobia; and, finally, the Anx-iety Inventory of the “Mind Over Mood”. A total of 241 individuals participated in this research, mostly cisgender women. According to the results, it was identified that people who have an interest on homoaffective relationships have a significantly higher level of anxiety than those who do not (t (239) = 3,143; p < 0,05); it was also found that people who have already suffered homophobia, have a significantly higher level of anxiety than those who have not (t (239) = 2,641; p < 0,05). In conclusion, the study is conducive to mental health professionals, especially the psychologist, to look at the process of investigation and care of the LGB patient (lesbian, gay, bisexual, respective-ly), understanding homophobia as the problem and not the human sexuality variable.
ACTIONS OF THE AUTHORITIES IN PETROGRAD OF FEBRUARY 23 – 28, 1917: SOME LESSONS
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Андрей Геннадьевич Данилов
Published: April 2023

In this article, the author is looking for answers to three questions. After the outbreak of unrest in Petrograd on February 23th, 1917, the fall of the monarchy was inevitable, or could the tsar retain his throne? If Nicholas II had chances to remain on the throne after February 23th, what specific actions (steps) or inactivity on some issues during these days led to the collapse of the autocracy? Are there signs that allow society and the authorities to notice in time the process of transforming a stable state into an unstable situation? The analysis of mistakes made by the authorities only in Petrograd has become the geographical scope of the topic. To solve the set tasks, the article analyzes the socio-economic situation in Petrograd and Moscow in January-February 1917, the mood in the capital, the degree of preparedness of the government and the military to act in a crisis situation, specific blunders, mistakes of the government and the military in the capital during the revolution.
ON THE NATURE OF INCOME OF THE SUBJECT OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
Authors:   Институт государства и права Российской академии наук, Москва, Россия, Мариетта Дамировна Шапсугова
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the development of understanding of the economic activities of individuals in economic and legal teachings. Particular emphasis is placed on the study of theories of entrepreneurship as a type of economic activity. The criteria defining individual and collective forms of entrepreneurship are highlighted. Factors affecting the understanding of the nature of the income of the subject of economic activity have been identified.
THE ROLE OF THE RULE OF LAW IN THE SPHERE OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE MECHANISM FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors:   Ростовский филиал Российского государственного университета правосудия, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Олеся Евгеньевна Немыкина
Published: April 2023

Since the adoption of the current Constitution of the Russian Federation, two most important constitutional provisions have been at the forefront of the activities of our state, namely, that in the basic law of our country, it is declared as right, and human rights and freedoms are proclaimed as the main value. At the same time, the interrelationship and interdependence of the state and fundamental rights are not fully realized both in society and in the scientific environment. In addition, there are also judgments that fundamental rights and freedoms are incompatible with the very essence of the state as such. The rule of law is an integral part of the modern doctrine of the fundamental rights and freedoms of man and citizen, respectively, the demand for research on their relationship is unconditional. Interest in the concept of human rights and the rule of law extends from individuals and groups to academia, parliaments, governments, NGOs and NGOs, as well as from political philosophy to political science and international relations.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CATEGORIES OF RESPONSIBILITY AND GUILT: LINGUISTIC, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Чеченский государственный университет им. А. А. Кадырова, Грозный, Россия, Хусейн Вахаевич Идрисов
Published: April 2023

The article provides a scientific analysis of the categories of guilt and responsibility, taking into account the approaches formed in linguistics, sociology, psychology and jurisprudence. It is noted that the concepts of guilt and responsibility, as phenomena filled with specific historical content and character, are polyscientific categories and are the subject of research in many sciences: psychology, jurisprudence, history of philosophy, sociology. The article examines the main theories of deviance that formulate the conduct of a subject deviating from the normal: the economic theory of deviance, the theory of heterogeneity and variability of the normative value system of society, the theory of social destabilization and the theory of stigmatization. In addition, within the framework of the studied phenomena from a legal point of view, statistical data on the crime rate in the Russian Federation, conducted on a sample of different periods, are provided. In conclusion, the article concludes that the subject builds his own line of behavior in society based on an internal attitude, an available alternative, freedom of choice, guided by his own desires and interests. And if such a choice is made towards deviant behavior, then such a fact inevitably mediates the process of the offender's legal responsibility from a socio-legal point of view and the individual's suffering of guilt from a psychological point of view.