bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mother‐child talk about mental states: The what, who, and how of conversations about the mind
Authors: Tompkins Virginia , Montgomery Derek E. , Blosser Michael K.
Published: August 2021

Research on parents’ mental state talk (MST) and children's social understanding is typically situated within a social constructivist approach, which asserts that parent‐child conversations around mental states promotes children's social understanding. However, prior research has provided a limited view of children's participation in these exchanges or the interaction among qualities of MST. This study examined 67 mothers’ MST while narrating a wordless book with their preschoolers (Mage = 4.51 years) and children's subsequent responses; children were 80% White and 49% female. We coded mothers’ MST for three qualities: (1) category (e.g., cognition), (2) referent (e.g., child), and (3) utterance function (e.g., open‐ended question). Using sequential analysis, we hypothesized that children would respond to mothers’ mental state input with MST or connected talk. We also examined relations among mothers’ mental state category and referent/function. Examining over 1700 utterance pairs, there was considerable matching between mother's and children's MST within categories, children responded in a connected way when MST focused on the child or cognition, and children tended to respond to open‐ended questions and closed questions, but not comments, about mental states. This study provides a novel method for analyzing parent‐child MST, suggests that particular qualities of mothers’ MST tend to co‐occur, and suggests that particular qualities of mental states are especially likely to engage children in MST.
Stellar motions along I = 60 - 240 and I = 150-330 inhomogeneous frequency distribution of spectral types
Authors: Freitas S. Menge de
Published: August 2021

Applications of the xÂ² test to the frequency distribution of spectral types show a slight predominance of A, F and G stars running approximately along I = 60 - 240 ; along the orthogonal direction, there seems to occur a preponderance of K and M stars.
Classificação e prospecção das jazidas primárias de água-marinha
Authors: Cassedanne J.P. , Alves J.N.
Published: August 2021

The aquamarine-bearing pegmatites are generally thin, with poorly developed zoning. They are located in biotitic or porphyroblastic granitoids, kinzigites, gneiss and charnockites or in their vicinity, all being Precambrian in age. The pegmatites are divided in three types: one poorly differentiated with quartz, biotite and large K-feldspar crystals, where the graphic texture is well developed, one which contains a little albite and muscovite with regular zoning and one commonly drusic with many albite and muscovite and a little rose quartz, lepidolite and Fe-Mn phosphate minerals. The pegmatites occur isolated or in fields, mostly hand-worked. Searching guides and typical minerals used in prospection are reported.
Aspectos neoicnológicos dos sedimentos da plataforma do Amazonas
Authors: Carvalho Ismar De Souza , Fernandes Antônio Carlos Sequeira
Published: August 2021

Several biogenic structures collected by box core samples in the Amazon Shelf sediments were described morphologically and classified in an ethological point of view. The biogenic structures are associated with ecological data from CTD analyses, such as luminosity, oxygen concentration, temperature and salinity. The present study summarizes the main ichnological aspects observed in the sediments of this area and the organisms which are more active in the biogenic reworking.
Elevated MICs of Susceptible Antipseudomonal Cephalosporins in Non-Carbapenemase-Producing, Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Implications for Dose Optimization
Authors: Gill Christian M. , Aktaş Elif , Alfouzan Wadha , Bourassa Lori , Brink Adrian , Burnham Carey-Ann D. , Canton Rafael , Carmeli Yehuda , Falcone Marco , Kiffer Carlos , Marchese Anna , Martinez Octavio , Pournaras Spyros , Seifert Harald , Thabit Abrar K. , Villegas Maria Virginia , Westblade Lars F. , Nicolau David P.
Published: August 2021

The present study evaluated the
in vitro
potency of ceftazidime and cefepime among carbapenem-resistant
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
isolates collected as part of a global surveillance program and assessed the pharmacodynamic implications using previously published population pharmacokinetics. When susceptible, MICs resulted at the high end of distribution for both ceftazidime and cefepime, thus 6 g/day was required to achieve optimal pharmacodynamic profiles. These findings should be considered in the clinic and for the application of CLSI susceptibility breakpoints.
Supplemental Material: Quaternary basaltic volcanic fields of the American Southwest
Authors: Valentine Greg , al. et
Published: August 2021

Listing of published age dates and total Quaternary volcano counts in the southwest USA.
Palmaris profundus in the carpal tunnel
Authors: Pezas Theodore Paul , Jose Rajive
Published: August 2021

Carpal tunnel release is a routinely performed operation to relieve pressure caused by compression on the median nerve. In the majority of cases, the causation of the compression will be idiopathic. Among the secondary causes of median nerve compression is the palmaris profundus, a rare anatomical variant separate to the palmaris longus tendon. It has been suggested that it may cause carpal tunnel syndrome as it courses underneath the flexor retinaculum with the contents of the carpal tunnel reducing the space available to the median nerve. Several cases have found it intimately associated with the median nerve within the carpal tunnel. Raising awareness of this anatomical variant is therefore important for those undertaking carpal tunnel decompression in order to avoid unintended damage.
Neonatal dengue: an under-diagnosed entity
Authors: Yadav Bharti , Gupta Neeraj , Gadepalli Ravisekhar , Nag Vijaya Lakshmi
Published: August 2021

Neonatal dengue is an under-diagnosed disease likely due to low index of suspicion along with its resemblance to sepsis. We hereby report two cases of neonatal dengue, highlighting the need of high degree of suspicion in infants born to febrile mothers even with maternal serology being negative. Moreover, severity of neonatal illness positively correlates with the maternal disease.
Knowledge of neonatal danger signs and associated factors among husbands of mothers who gave birth in the last 6 months in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2020: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Shitu Solomon , Abebe Haimanot , Adane Daniel , Wassie Abebaw , Mose Ayenew , Yeshaneh Alex
Published: August 2021

Objective

To assess knowledge of neonatal danger signs and their associations among husbands of mothers who gave birth in the last 6 months in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia, from 1 February to 28 February 2020.

Design

Community-based cross-sectional study.

Setting

Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia.

Participants

The study was conducted among 633 participants living in Gurage Zone from 1 February to 28 February 2020. 618 completed the questionnaire. A multistage sampling technique was employed to obtain study participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews conducted by 20 experienced and trained data collectors using a pretested structured questionnaire. To assess knowledge, 10 questions were adopted from the WHO questionnaire, which is a standardised and structured questionnaire used internationally. Data were entered into EpiData V.3.1 and exported to SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) V.24 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were performed and the findings were presented in text, figures and tables. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between each independent variable and the outcome variable. All variables with p<0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in the final model and statistical significance was declared at p<0.05. Voluntary consent was taken from all participants.

Results

A total of 618 participants were included in the study, with a response rate of 97.6%. Of the participants, 40.7% had good knowledge (95% CI 36.3 to 44.2). Urban residence (adjusted OR=6.135, 95% CI 4.429 to 9.238) and a primary and above educational level (adjusted OR=4.294, 95% CI 1.875 to 9.831) were some independent predictors of husbands’ knowledge status.

Conclusion

Knowledge of neonatal danger signs in this study was low. Urban residence, primary and above educational level, the husband’s wife undergoing instrumental delivery and accompanying the wife during antenatal care visits were independent predictors of knowledge. Thus, strong multisectoral collaboration should target reducing the knowledge gap by improving husbands’ attitude with regard to accompanying their wives during antenatal care and postnatal care visits, or create a strategy to increase husbands’ participation in access to maternal and child health service since husbands are considered decision-makers when it comes to healthcare-seeking in the family. The government should come up with policies that will help promote formal education in the community and increase their media access.
Efficaciousness of dexmedetomidine in children undergoing cleft lip and palate repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Dengfeng , Pan Li , Gao Yin , Liu Jiefan , Li Feng , Li Xiangwei , Quan Jiale , Huang Congcong , Lian Chunwei
Published: August 2021

Objective

To systematically assess the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine as an anaesthesia adjuvant for cleft lip and palate (CLP) repair in children.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and Wanfang (up to October 2020). Studies in languages other than English and Chinese were excluded.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the impact of dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation (EA), the need for postoperative rescue analgesics, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and other adverse events in paediatric patients during CLP repair.

Data extraction and synthesis

The quality of evidence was assessed by using the Cochrane Review Methods and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Data were screened, extracted and assessed by two independent authors. Outcomes were reported as a risk ratio (RR) with a 95% CI. A random-effect model was used when heterogeneity was detected.

Results

Thirteen studies including 1040 children met the inclusion criteria. The incidence of EA was significantly decreased in the dexmedetomidine group (RR, 0.19; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.36; p<0.00001; I2=56%) as compared with the control group. Paediatric patients receiving dexmedetomidine had lower postoperative analgesic requirements (RR, 0.27; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.73; p=0.01; I2=84%) and a lower incidence of respiratory adverse events (RR, 0.49; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.78; p=0.003; I2=0%). There were no significant differences in the risk of PONV and cardiovascular adverse events.

Conclusions

There was a lack of high-quality studies in this field. Perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine reduced the need for postoperative rescue analgesics and the incidence of EA in children without side effects undergoing CLP repair. However, further verification with larger samples and higher-quality RCTs is needed.
E-cigarette advertising exposure among South African adults in 2017: findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey
Authors: Agaku Israel Terungwa , Egbe Catherine O , Ayo-Yusuf Olalekan A
Published: August 2021

Objectives

In South Africa, the Control of Tobacco and Electronic Delivery Systems Bill seeks to regulate e-cigarettes as tobacco products, including their advertising, promotion and sponsorship. Population data on e-cigarette advertising in South Africa are needed to inform public health programs, practice and policy. We examined self-reported e-cigarette advertising exposure during 2017.

Design

Cross-sectional.

Setting

Household-based survey.

Participants

3063 individuals who participated in the 2017 South African Social Attitudes survey, a nationally representative, in-person survey of the non-institutionalised civilian adult population aged ≥16 years

Exposure

‘In the past 12 months, have you seen advertisements or promotions for e-cigarettes (including e-shisha, e-pipe) on any of the following media: newspapers/magazines, billboards, in the malls or any other source?’

Main outcomes

Beliefs and attitudes regarding e-cigarettes.

Findings

Participants’ mean age was 37.7 years. Overall, 20.1% reported exposure to e-cigarette advertisements. By age, exposure was most prevalent among those aged 16–19 years (24.6%). Top sources of exposure among those exposed were stores, 40.7%; malls, 30.9%; and television, 32.5%. Of those aware of e-cigarettes, 61.2% believed ‘e-cigarette advertisements and promotion may make adolescents think of smoking traditional cigarettes’; 62.7% believed that ‘e-cigarette advertisements and promotions may make ex-smokers think of starting smoking cigarettes again’; and 59.5% supported the statement that ‘e-cigarette smoking should be banned indoors just as traditional cigarette smoking’. Notably, teens aged 16–19 reported the lowest prevalence (49.0%) of those believing that ‘e-cigarette advertisements and promotion may make adolescents think of smoking traditional cigarettes’, whereas this percentage was highest among those aged 55–64 years (73.2%).

Conclusion

Comprehensive regulatory efforts are needed to address e-cigarette advertising, marketing and sponsorship in order to protect public health. The urgent enactment of the new tobacco control legislation, The Control of Tobacco Products and Electronic Delivery Systems Bill, can help reduce youth exposure to e-cigarette advertising in South Africa.
Collaborative care model for depression in rural Nepal: a mixed-methods implementation research study
Authors: Rimal Pragya , Choudhury Nandini , Agrawal Pawan , Basnet Madhur , Bohara Bhavendra , Citrin David , Dhungana Santosh Kumar , Gauchan Bikash , Gupta Priyanka , Gupta Tula Krishna , Halliday Scott , Kadayat Bharat , Mahar Ramesh , Maru Duncan , Nguyen Viet , Poudel Sanjaya , Raut Anant , Rawal Janaki , Sapkota Sabitri , Schwarz Dan , Schwarz Ryan , Shrestha Srijana , Swar Sikhar , Thapa Aradhana , Thapa Poshan , White Rebecca , Acharya Bibhav
Published: August 2021

Introduction

Despite carrying a disproportionately high burden of depression, patients in low-income countries lack access to effective care. The collaborative care model (CoCM) has robust evidence for clinical effectiveness in improving mental health outcomes. However, evidence from real-world implementation of CoCM is necessary to inform its expansion in low-resource settings.

Methods

We conducted a 2-year mixed-methods study to assess the implementation and clinical impact of CoCM using the WHO Mental Health Gap Action Programme protocols in a primary care clinic in rural Nepal. We used the Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) implementation research framework to adapt and study the intervention. To assess implementation factors, we qualitatively studied the impact on providers’ behaviour to screen, diagnose and treat mental illness. To assess clinical impact, we followed a cohort of 201 patients with moderate to severe depression and determined the proportion of patients who had a substantial clinical response (defined as ≥50% decrease from baseline scores of Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) to measure depression) by the end of the study period.

Results

Providers experienced improved capability (enhanced self-efficacy and knowledge), greater opportunity (via access to counsellors, psychiatrist, medications and diagnostic tests) and increased motivation (developing positive attitudes towards people with mental illness and seeing patients improve) to provide mental healthcare. We observed substantial clinical response in 99 (49%; 95% CI: 42% to 56%) of the 201 cohort patients, with a median seven point (Q1:−9, Q3:−2) decrease in PHQ-9 scores (p<0.0001).

Conclusion

Using the COM-B framework, we successfully adapted and implemented CoCM in rural Nepal, and found that it enhanced providers’ positive perceptions of and engagement in delivering mental healthcare. We observed clinical improvement of depression comparable to controlled trials in high-resource settings. We recommend using implementation research to adapt and evaluate CoCM in other resource-constrained settings to help expand access to high-quality mental healthcare.
Interventions to improve infant and young child feeding practices in Ethiopia: a systematic review
Authors: Ahmed Kedir Y. , Agho Kingsley Emwinyore , Page Andrew , Arora Amit , Ogbo Felix Akpojene
Published: August 2021

Objective

In Ethiopia, despite the implementation of several interventions to improve infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, no published studies have highlighted the most effective IYCF interventions in the country. This systematic review investigated the impacts of various interventions on IYCF in Ethiopia.

Source of information

A systematic search was conducted on seven computerised bibliographic databases (Embase, ProQuest Central, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed and CINAHL) to locate experimental or quasi-experimental studies published between the year 2000 and May 2021.

Study eligibility criteria

Interventional studies that measured IYCF indicators (early initiation of breast feeding (EIBF), exclusive breast feeding (EBF), the introduction of complementary foods, minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF) and minimum acceptable diet) as outcome variables were included.

Study appraisal and synthesis

All included studies were examined for biases related to interventional studies (ie, selection bias, performance bias, attrition bias, detection bias and reporting bias). Author reports of effect size measures were used to narratively report the findings of each study.

Results

Of the 23 eligible studies, 14 studies were quasi-experimental and 9 studies were cluster randomised trials (CRTs). Eight quasi-experimental studies had a serious risk of bias, while two CRTs had a high risk of bias. Four studies for EBF and six studies for EIBF showed significant impacts of policy advocacy, health service strengthening, interpersonal communication, community mobilisation and mass media campaigns. Six studies for MDD and three studies for MMF indicated significant effects of community-level and health facility complementary feeding promotions on infants and young children. Interventions that delivered in combination increased the impacts in improving EIBF, MDD and MMF compared with a single intervention.

Conclusion

Our review showed that 12 out of 21 eligible studies that implemented in the form of community-level and health facility interventions improved EIBF, EBF, and/or MDD in Ethiopia.

Protocol registration number

PROSPERO, CRD42020155519.
Experiences of preparing children for a death of an important adult during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study
Authors: Rapa Elizabeth , Hanna Jeffrey R , Mayland Catriona R , Mason Stephen , Moltrecht Bettina , Dalton Louise J
Published: August 2021

Objective

The objectives of this study were to investigate how families prepared children for the death of a significant adult, and how health and social care professionals provided psychosocial support to families about a relative’s death during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/setting

A mixed methods design; an observational survey with health and social care professionals and relatives bereaved during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK, and in-depth interviews with bereaved relatives and professionals were conducted. Data were analysed thematically.

Participants

A total of 623 participants completed the survey and interviews were conducted with 19 bereaved relatives and 16 professionals.

Results

Many children were not prepared for a death of an important adult during the pandemic. Obstacles to preparing children included families’ lack of understanding about their relative’s declining health; parental belief that not telling children was protecting them from becoming upset; and parents’ uncertainty about how best to prepare their children for the death. Only 10.2% (n=11) of relatives reported professionals asked them about their deceased relative’s relationships with children. This contrasts with 68.5% (n=72) of professionals who reported that the healthcare team asked about patient’s relationships with children. Professionals did not provide families with psychosocial support to facilitate preparation, and resources were less available or inappropriate for families during the pandemic. Three themes were identified: (1) obstacles to telling children a significant adult is going to die, (2) professionals’ role in helping families to prepare children for the death of a significant adult during the pandemic, and (3) how families prepare children for the death of a significant adult.

Conclusions

Professionals need to: provide clear and honest communication about a poor prognosis; start a conversation with families about the dying patient’s significant relationships with children; and reassure families that telling children someone close to them is dying is beneficial for their longer term psychological adjustment.
Cluster synchronization in fractional-order network with nondelay and delay coupling
Authors: Wang Yi , Wu Zhaoyan
Published: August 2021

In this paper, cluster synchronization for fractional-order complex network with nondelay and delay coupling is investigated. Based on the stability theory of fractional-order systems and the properties of fractional derivative, both static and adaptive control schemes are adopted to design effective controllers. Sufficient condition for achieving cluster synchronization about static controllers is provided. From the condition, the needed feedback gains can be estimated by simple calculations. Further, adaptive control scheme is introduced to design unified controllers. Noticeably, in the adaptive controllers, the feedback gains need not be calculated in advance and can adjust themselves to the needed values according to updating laws. Finally, numerical simulations are given to demonstrate the correctness of the obtained results.
A NOVEL FRACTAL MODEL FOR THE INVASION DEPTH OF FLUID THROUGH THE TORTUOUS CAPILLARY BUNDLE WITH ROUGHENED SURFACES IN POROUS MEDIA
Authors: GAO JUN , LI ZIHAO , XIAO BOQI , LIU YONGHUI , LIANG MINGCHAO
Published: August 2021

In this paper, a novel fractal model for the invasion depth of fluid through the tortuous capillary bundle with roughened surfaces in porous media is proposed. The capillary pressure effect is considered in the proposed model. The proposed model is expressed as a function of structure parameters of porous media, including the relative roughness, the fractal dimension for pore size distribution, the contact angle, the density, the gravitational acceleration, the tortuosity and porosity. The invasion depth can be quantitatively characterized by the proposed model. By using the fractal theory, the effect of relative roughness on the invasion depth is discussed. It is observed that the invasion depth decreases with increasing the relative roughness of the tortuous capillary bundle with roughened surfaces. In addition, it is found that the invasion depth increases with the increase of the invasion time. The proposed model predictions are in good agreement with the available experimental data. Each parameter in our model has clear a distinct physical meaning, which may contribute to comprehend the better understanding of seepage mechanisms.
MULTI-DIRECTION CHAIN AND GRID CHAOTIC SYSTEM BASED ON JULIA FRACTAL
Authors: XU XIANG-LIANG , LI GUO-DONG , DAI WAN-YING , SONG XIAO-MING
Published: August 2021

In this paper, based on the multi-scroll chaotic system, multi-direction chain and grid chaotic attractors are generated by a new Julia fractal mapping process. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by numerical simulation. This scheme not only realizes the combination of unidirectional and bidirectional distributed multi-scroll chaotic system and Julia fractal, but also applies to three-directional distributed 3D grid-like multi-scroll generalized Jerk system. This paper takes unidirectionally distributed multi-scroll chaos as an example. It discusses the influence of Julia fractals with coefficients and complex constants on the system and generalizes them to the higher-order Julia fractal mapping process. Then, three types of chaotic systems with controllable scroll numbers distributed in multiple directions are obtained. The results of the dynamic analysis method show that the post-fractal chaotic system not only increases the bifurcation interval of its parameters compared with the original chaotic system, but also increases the complexity of its sequence and the maximum Lyapunov exponent, and its attraction domain has a very complex fractal boundary. A kind of multi-directional chain chaotic attractor is realized by the Digital Signal Processors (DSP). The phase diagram of the oscilloscope is consistent with the result of numerical simulation, which verifies the possibility of this method in the digital circuit.
Dynamics of Conflicts in Family Firms: Towards a Non-Linear Approach to the Succession Process
Authors: Yezza Hedi , Chabaud Didier , Calabrò Andrea
Published: August 2021

The succession process can be a traumatic event in the life cycle of a family firm and is usually characterised by an increased interest towards the firm of the successor accompanied by a progressive disengagement of the predecessor. Drawing on five longitudinal case studies of Tunisian family firms examined from 2016 to 2019, we investigated the sequential and dynamic nature of this process, focusing on the conflicts among family members involved in the process. The main findings suggest that professional and family-related conflicts can lead to excessive tensions between the involved parties, which can result in failure of the succession process. Moreover, specific contingency factors, such as tragic events, can positively or negatively trigger deviation from the succession process path.
Fundamental Values of Length, Time, and Speed
Authors: Abdukadyrov Askar
Published: August 2021

In 2018, it was shown that the electromagnetic units of the MKSA system (the ampere, coulomb, ohm, volt, etc.) can be written using the base units of the MKS system: the meter (m), kilogram (kg) and second (s). In this paper, using the conversion of units, the value of the lowest speed of movement in nature is calculated. It is shown that the value of the gravitational constant is determined by the values of the speed of light in a vacuum and the elementary speed. It is obtained a new formula for the law of universal gravitation, which is completely analogous to Coulomb’s law. It is shown that the system of the fundamental units of mass, length, and time is the system of the natural units, built on the universal constants [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]).
An Alternative Approach of the Dark Energy Beyond the Equation of State
Authors: Goray Mahendra , Annavarapu Ramesh Naidu
Published: August 2021

Several concepts have been proposed to explain the mystic nature of dark energy and the accelerating universe. Among them, geometrical dark energy is one such class that is based on the scalar curvature, and another type is based upon the “equation of state”. Also, another model suggests that neutrino rest-mass interaction is responsible for the “equation of state” with constant energy density. In this work, we have investigated another dark energy approach which is based on the illusive mass of the photon and a new geometrical perspective. Photon reveals its illusive mass behavior when it interacts with the surface of matter, i.e., photon manifests itself into different forms of mass. Hence, photon might hide some of its energy due to this new characteristic. This photon’s energy is embedded in the form of a curvature dependent complex number and could be considered as the new form of dark energy. Hence, we propose that the dark energy might be hiding in the photon’s illusive form and could pave the way towards unravelling the secrets of the dark energy of the universe and hence the accelerating universe.
Payoff-based Dynamic Segment Replication and Graph Classification Method with Attribute Vectors Adapted to Urban VANET
Authors: Alaya Bechir
Published: August 2021

Due to the number of constraints and the dynamic nature of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET), effective video broadcasting always remains a difficult task. In this work, we proposed a quality of video visualization guarantee model based on a feedback loop and an efficient algorithm for segmenting and replicating video segments using the Payoff-based Dynamic Segment Replication Policy (P-DSR). In the urban VANET environment, P-DSR is defined by taking into account the position of the vehicles, the speed, the direction, the number of neighboring vehicles, and the reputation of each node to stabilize the urban VANET topology. However, the management of various load control parameters between the different components of the urban VANET network remains a problem to be studied. This work uses a multi-objective problem that takes the parameters of our algorithm based on the Graph Classification Method with Attribute Vectors (GCMAV) as input. This algorithm aims to provide an improved class lifetime, an improved video segment delivery rate, a reduced inter-class overload, and an optimization of a global criterion. A scalable algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the GCMAV. The simulations were carried out using the NetSim simulator and Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms framework to optimize parameters. Experiments were carried out with realistic maps of Open Street Maps and its results were compared with other algorithms such as Seamless and Authorized Multimedia Streaming and P-DSR. The survey suggests that the proposed methodology works well concerning the average lifetime of the inter-classes and the delivery rate of video segments.
No Need of Data Pre-processing
Authors: Wei Bo , Li Kai , Luo Chengwen , Xu Weitao , Zhang Jin , Zhang Kuan
Published: August 2021

Device-free context awareness is important to many applications. There are two broadly used approaches for device-free context awareness, i.e., video-based and radio-based. Video-based approaches can deliver good performance, but privacy is a serious concern. Radio-based context awareness applications have drawn researchers' attention instead, because it does not violate privacy and radio signal can penetrate obstacles. The existing works design explicit methods for each radio-based application. Furthermore, they use one additional step to extract features before conducting classification and exploit deep learning as a classification tool. Although this feature extraction step helps explore patterns of raw signals, it generates unnecessary noise and information loss. The use of raw CSI signal without initial data processing was, however, considered as no usable patterns. In this article, we are the first to propose an innovative deep learning–based general framework for both signal processing and classification. The key novelty of this article is that the framework can be generalised for all the radio-based context awareness applications with the use of raw CSI. We also eliminate the extra work to extract features from raw radio signals. We conduct extensive evaluations to show the superior performance of our proposed method and its generalisation.
Postexercise changes in myocellular lipid droplet characteristics of young lean individuals are affected by circulatory nonesterified fatty acids
Authors: Daemen Sabine , van Polanen Nynke , Bilet Lena , Phielix Esther , Moonen-Kornips Esther , Schrauwen-Hinderling Vera B. , Schrauwen Patrick , Hesselink Matthijs K. C.
Published: August 2021

Skeletal muscle stores lipids in lipid droplets (LDs) that can vary in size, number, and location and are a source of energy during exercise. Specifically, subsarcolemmal LDs were used during exercise when fasted. Exercising in the fasted state leads to postrecovery elevation in IMCL levels due to an increase in LD number in type I muscle fibers, in subsarcolemmal region and decorated with PLIN5. These effects are blunted by glucose ingestion during exercise and recovery.
Preparation and Functional Properties of Synbiotic Yogurt Fermented with Lactobacillus brevis PML1 Derived from a Fermented Cereal‐Dairy Product
Authors: Falah Fereshteh , Vasiee Alireza , Yazdi Farideh Tabatabaee , Behbahani Behrooz Alizadeh
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, production of functional foods has become very essential. Inulin is one of the most functional hydrocolloid compounds used in such products. In the present study, the production of a synbiotic yogurt containing 1, 2.5, and 5% (w/v) inulin has been investigated. The yogurt was fermented with Lactobacillus brevis PML1 derived from Tarkhineh, an Iranian cereal‐dairy fermented food. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, sensory attributes, and microbial viability properties were investigated on the 0th, 7th, and 14th days of storage after fermentation. The viable cells of L. brevis PML1 reached 108 CFU/g, and the product resisted to simulated digestive juices. Moreover, the synbiotic yogurt impressively increased the production of antimicrobial compounds and had the most profound antimicrobial effect on S. typhimurium. The physiochemical properties were in the normal range, and the fat content of the synbiotic yogurt was reduced remarkably. The antioxidant capacity of the fermented yogurt was significantly increased (p < 0.05), which was equal to those of DPPH (69.18 ± 1.00%) and BHA (89.16 ± 2.00%). The viability of L. brevis PML1 was increased during storage. Sensory analysis showed that there were significant differences in terms of the impressive parameters between the samples and the control (p < 0.05). Addition of 2.5% inulin not only improved the physical properties but also retained the viability of the probiotic after 14 days of storage, in addition to the viability of L. brevis with a viability count above 6 log CFU/g in the yogurt. Therefore, a novel synbiotic product containing L. brevis PML1, which can exert the desired properties, can be used as a suitable carrier for the delivery of the probiotic strain, exerting its beneficial health effects.
Research on the Station Layout Method of Ground‐Based Pseudolite Positioning System Based on NSGA‐II Algorithm
Authors: Yang Li , Yang Kaiyuan , Sun Danshi
Published: August 2021

Given the problem that the existing method of station distributing the pseudosatellite system cannot ensure both its coverage and position in a situation of signal occlusion, it proposed a new stationary layout method with an elite strategy for a ground‐based pseudosatellite positioning system based on the elite strategy of the nondominant genetic rankings (NSGA‐II). The geometrical design of the pseudosatellite system is calculated by visual domain analysis and precision factors for the signal coverage age and base station. To optimize the algorithm, the NSGA‐II algorithm is used. An earth pseudosatellite positioning system method of stationary distribution is obtained that simultaneously optimizes signal coverage and positioning accuracy. The algorithm is better distributed and has a certain superintendence compared with the traditional genetic algorithm.
Cloud Education Chain and Education Quality Evaluation Based on Hybrid Quantum Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Liu Hong-Xia , Zhang Yong-Heng , Tsai Sang-Bing
Published: August 2021

This paper proposes the functional model and application service implementation process of the education cloud platform application service architecture. The entire cloud application service architecture mainly includes four parts: cloud service management, cloud application service rapid creation and deployment, dynamic process configuration, and unified identity authentication. Based on the basic theory of workflow, the process status and business services of cloud application services are discussed. The BP neural network weight optimization model based on the improved quantum evolution method is studied, and a method that combines the improved quantum evolution algorithm (IQEA) and the BP algorithm to complete the back propagation neural network training is proposed, that is, the IQEA‐BP algorithm. Firstly, the traditional quantum evolution algorithm is improved, and then, the improved quantum evolution algorithm is used to optimize the network weights as a whole to overcome the shortcomings of the BP algorithm that is easy to fall into the local optimum; then, we use the BP algorithm to find the better weight as the initial value to improve the training and prediction accuracy of the network. In order to enrich the school education quality evaluation system, this article adds soft indicators that can reflect school education performance on the basis of the existing “National Education Inspection Team” indicators and uses analytical methods to prove the effectiveness and feasibility of the new evaluation indicators. The X1‐X10 index data is selected as the evaluation index of the school education quality evaluation system in this paper. Testing the performance of the BP neural network, the accuracy rate of the school education quality evaluation is 93.3%, the average absolute error is 0.067, and the accuracy and recall rate of the test set grade gradient of 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 8 are all 93%, indicating that the IQEA‐BP neural network algorithm has a good effect on the evaluation of school education quality.
Convolutional Neural Network‐Assisted Strategies for Improving Teaching Quality of College English Flipped Class
Authors: Liu Tiankun
Published: August 2021

The “flipped classroom” teaching paradigm not only follows the cognitive rules of the learners, but it also subverts and reverses the standard classroom teaching process. Problem‐oriented, teacher‐led, student‐centered, and mixed teaching approaches are the key teaching methods in the flipped classroom teaching model, which focuses on students’ procedural knowledge acquisition and critical thinking training. There are a lot of studies on the specific practice path of the “flipped classroom” teaching style right now, but there are not many on the learning involvement of college English students in this approach. According to studies, the level of student participation in classroom learning is the most important factor limiting the efficiency of teaching. The lack of research in this subject greatly limits the “flipped classroom” teaching model’s ability to improve college English classroom teaching quality. The degree of engagement between teachers and students, the enthusiasm of students in class, and the competence of teachers to educate are all reflected in student conduct in the classroom. Understanding and evaluating the behaviors and activities of students in the classroom are helpful in determining the state of students in the classroom, as well as improving the flipped classroom teaching technique and quality. As a result, the convolutional neural network is used to recognize student behavior in the classroom. The loss function of VGG‐16 has been enhanced, the distance inside the class has been lowered, the distance between classes has been increased, and the recognition accuracy has improved. Accurate recognition of classroom behavior is beneficial in developing methods to improve teaching quality.
Neural Network Algorithm-Based Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Evaluation in the Diagnosis of Fetal Spina Bifida
Authors: Chen Lei , Tian Yingying , Deng Yujie
Published: August 2021

In order to realize the automatic recognition and diagnosis in ultrasound images of fetal spina bifida, the U-Net algorithm was improved in this study to obtain a new convolutional neural network algorithm—Oct-U-Net. 3,300 pregnant women were selected as the research objects, who underwent three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound examinations. Then, Oct-U-Net was applied to evaluate the diagnostic effect of fetal spina bifida by recall rate, precise rate, mean standard error, pixel accuracy (PA), mean intersection over union (MIoU), and running time. Besides, the fully convolutional network (FCN) algorithm and the U-Net algorithm were introduced for comparison. Results showed that recall rate, precise rate, PA, and MioU of Oct-U-Net were 0.93, 0.96, 0.949, and 0.917, respectively, which were markedly higher than those of FCN and U-Net

P
<
0.05

. The mean standard error of Oct-U-Net was 4.1243, and its average running time was 12.15 seconds. The values of the above two indicators were sharply lower than those of FCN and U-Net

P
<
0.05

. In conclusion, Oct-U-Net had a better diagnostic effect on 3D ultrasound images of fetal spina bifida, with higher segmentation accuracy and shorter running time, so it was worthy of clinical application.
The Potential Effects of Oxidative Stress‐Related Plasma Abnormal Protein Aggregate Levels on Brain Volume and Its Neuropsychiatric Consequences in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chen Pei-Chin , Yu Chiun-Chieh , Chen Yueh-Sheng , Lu Cheng-Hsien , Chan Shan-Ho , Chou Kun-Hsien , Chen Mei-Hsiu , Chen Meng-Hsiang , Lin Wei-Che
Published: August 2021

Background. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including Parkinson’s disease. Large protein aggregates may be produced after the breakdown of the proteostasis network due to overt oxidative stress. Meanwhile, brain volume loss and neuropsychiatric deficits are common comorbidities in Parkinson’s disease patients. In this study, we applied a mediation model to determine the potential influences of oxidative stress‐related plasma abnormal protein aggregate levels on brain volume and neuropsychiatric consequences in Parkinson’s disease. Method. 31 patients with PD and 24 healthy controls participated in this study. The PD patients were further grouped according to the presentation of cognitive decline or not. All participants received complete examinations to determine plasma abnormal protein aggregates levels, brain volume, and neuropsychiatric performance. The results were collected and analyzed in a single‐level three‐variable mediation model. Results. Patients with PD cognitive decline exhibited higher plasma NfL levels, decreased regional brain volume, and poor neuropsychiatric subtest results compared with PD patients with normal cognition, with several correlations among these clinical presentations. The mediation model showed that the superior temporal gyrus completely mediated the effects of elevated plasma NfL levels due to the poor psychiatric performance of picture completion and digit span. Conclusion. This study provides insight into the effects of oxidative stress‐related plasma abnormal protein aggregate levels on regional brain volume and neuropsychiatric consequences in Parkinson’s disease patients.
The Influence Factors of Grain Integrity under the Internal Pressure Condition in SRM
Authors: Wang Chunguang , Tian Weiping
Published: August 2021

To investigate the influence factors of propellant grain integrity under the internal pressure, the cylindrical grain was equivalent to a thick-wall cylinder and its three-dimension stress-strain problem was solved. Under the internal and external pressure, the strain and displacement equations of the inside thick-wall cylinder were expressed, and then, the stress and strain expressions of grain were obtained. On this basis, the hoop strain equations on the inside surface of the cylindrical grain and case were developed. The hoop strain on the inner surface of the grain can be predicted by the hoop strain of the case cylinder via the strain equations, and therefore, the hoop strain in the inner surface can be indirectly monitored in real time during the working process of the motor. The hoop strain in the inner surface of grain can be effectively reduced by increasing the case stiffness or decreasing the m number of the grain.
Social Group Behavior Analysis Model Integrating Multitask Learning and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Zhou Chuan , Gui Suying , Zhang Gaoming , Zhang Qirui , Wang Xudong , Wei Jianqing
Published: August 2021

Social group behavior analysis has always been the key research direction of sociologists and psychologists. With the rapid development of the Internet of Things and the proposal of deep learning theory, convolutional neural networks are also used in social group research. In the process of social development, group incidents continue to increase, and there are more and more studies on social group behavior analysis. Although the research content and research methods are also richer, the research that combines the Internet of Things, convolutional neural network, and group behavior is more. This article will specifically propose a social group behavior analysis model that combines multitask learning and convolutional neural networks. This paper deeply learns the research of convolutional neural network and group behavior‐related theories, makes full use of the advantages of convolutional neural network algorithm and multitask learning mode, and builds a social group behavior analysis model based on multitask learning and convolutional neural network. The experimental results on different data sets are analyzed. The results show that the accuracy rate of the experimental algorithm of convolutional neural network is as high as 95.10%, and it is better than other algorithms in time complexity, which is very suitable for social group behavior analysis.
A Review on Health Benefits of Malva sylvestris L. Nutritional Compounds for Metabolites, Antioxidants, and Anti-Inflammatory, Anticancer, and Antimicrobial Applications
Authors: Mousavi Seyyed Mojtaba , Hashemi Seyyed Alireza , Behbudi Gity , Mazraedoost Sargol , Omidifar Navid , Gholami Ahmad , Chiang Wei-Hung , Babapoor Aziz , Pynadathu Rumjit Nelson
Published: August 2021

The utilization of medicinal plants and their derivatives in treating illnesses is more appropriately recognized as herbal remedy than traditional medicine. For centuries, medicinal herbs have been used for the treatment of diseases in many countries. Malva sylvestris L. is a kind of mallow derived from Malvaceae species and is recognized as common mallow. This amazing plant has antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties and is considered as one of the most promising herbal medicinal species. This plant’s traditional use in treating many diseases and preparing pharmaceutical compounds can show us how to know in depth the plant origin of drugs used to produce antibiotics and other therapeutic agents.