bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FACTORES QUE INFLUYEN EN LA ADHERENCIA AL TRATAMIENTO FARMACOLÓGICO EN PACIENTES INFECTADOS CON VIH
Authors: Ramírez Estefanía Triana
Published: December 2020

Introducción: La adherencia al trata-miento constituye actualmente una de las principales preocupaciones en rela-ción al control del VIH/sida, asociándose fuertemente al éxito o fracaso terapéuti-co. Este estudio muestra la adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral identificando diversos factores que podrían ser facilita-dores u obstáculos por medio de la apli-cación de los instrumentos cuantitativo y cualitativo. Objetivo: Validación los ins-trumentos cuantitativo y cualitativo para determinar los factores que influyen en la adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral y analizar la percepción del paciente sobre el seguimiento que recibe en el Servicio de Farmacia Integral. Métodos: La inves-tigación es mixta, de corte transversal y de tipo exploratorio, descriptivo. El diseño es no experimental. La validación de los instrumentos se realizará mediante juicio de expertos, se utilizó una prueba pilo-to para el cuantitativo con 15 pacientes, seleccionados de forma no aleatoria, no probabilística. Para el instrumento cuali-tativo se utiliza un paciente. Resultados: 98.8% de confiabilidad de los instrumen-tos cualitativos y 85% cuantitativo. De las conductas o comportamiento individual de los pacientes depende exclusivamente la adherencia terapéutica. La percepción del usuario es buena sobre el desempeño profesional al realizar el seguimiento tera-péutico, pero todavía se demuestra que deben incrementarse las acciones para que se logre una verdadera descentra-lización de la atención. Conclusiones: El instrumento es apto para aplicar a los usuarios, los factores sociodemográficos, comportamiento individual y conductas frente al tratamiento influyen en la adhe-rencia terapéutica.
VALIDACIÓN DE LOS INSTRUMENTOS CUANTITATIVO Y CUALITATIVO PARA DETERMINAR LOS FACTORES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS QUE INCIDEN EN LA ACCESIBILIDAD AL SERVICIO DE INMUNIZACIONES EN NIÑOS MENORES DE 24 MESES
Authors: Mullo Espinoza Paul Antonio , Navas Roman Jessica Ivonne , Sellan Reinoso Geovanna Natali
Published: December 2020

Introducción: La inmunización es unade las intervenciones de salud más exitosas y costo-efectivas, por medio de la cual se pueden prevenir entre dos y tres millo-nes de muertes cada año en el mundo, sigue siendo considerada como una inter-vención eficaz que salva vidas y evita el sufrimiento; beneficia a los niños porque mejora la salud y la esperanza de vida, también por su impacto social y econó-mico a escala mundial. Objetivo: Validar los instrumentos cuantitativo y cualitativo para determinar los factores sociodemo-gráficos que inciden en la accesibilidad al servicio de inmunizaciones en niños menores de 24 meses. Metodología: El presente estudio es de enfoque mixto (cuanti – cualitativo) de corte transver-sal, exploratorio de tipo descriptivo y de campo, con un enfoque cualitativo feno-menológico diseñado por 3 categorías y codificado de acuerdo al número de par-ticipantes. La población como muestra de la investigación es de 100 personas, de las cuales se hizo un estudio piloto de 15 personas para la encuesta y 1 persona para la entrevista a profundidad. Resul-tados: Al aplicar el criterio de los juicios de expertos, se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: en el instrumento cuantitativo se obtuvo un promedio de 96 y en el ins-trumento cualitativo logrando un prome-dio de 95, ambos resultados equivalentes a muy confiable. Conclusión: El plan pi-loto da a entender que los instrumentos tienen propiedades buenas para determi-nar los factores sociodemográficos que incidan a la accesibilidad del servicio de inmunizaciones.
Desafios para os professores de inglês de programas bilíngues nas escolas particulares de Fortaleza
Authors: Regina Silva Santa Ana Andrea , Freitas Pereira Toassi Pâmela
Published: December 2020

Neste estudo discutimos os percalços que os professores de programas bilíngues nas escolas privadas de Fortaleza, Ceará encontram dentro dessa modalidade ainda tão recente e livre de abrangência legislativa no Brasil. Ancorados na literatura sobre bilinguismo, buscamos: a) traçar um perfil do cenário sociolinguístico brasileiro; b) analisar a formação dos professores de inglês que atuam em programas bilíngues; c) descrever a atuação desses profissionais dentro do contexto de programas bilíngues fortalezenses. A fim de esboçar um perfil desses docentes, aplicamos um questionário a 29 professores voluntários acerca de sua formação e do seu olhar sobre as próprias vivências e sobre a metodologia utilizada nas escolas. A análise das respostas obtidas mostrou que os educadores bilíngues estão sendo mais valorizados no âmbito escolar, contudo, ainda há carência em formação continuada para eles. O presente estudo contribui para a continuidade de investigação neste campo de estudo recém-chegado, porém, significativo.

Palavras-chave: programas bilíngues, formação de professores, bilinguismo.
An Overview of Charge Pump for Phase Lock Loop System for High Frequency Application
Authors: JAISWAL VISHAL D.
Published: December 2020

Phase lock loop is fundamental building block of modern communication system. Phase lock loop are typically used to provide local oscillator function in radio receiver or transmitter. The design methodology and test result of charge pump structure for phase lock loop application are presented. The structure is composed of two charge / discharge block. This paper provides study of various charge pump and discuss the technologies that is used to design charge pump.
THE MISCONCEPTION OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN AFRICA, CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES: AN APPRAISAL OF ANAMBRA STATE SOUTHEAST NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Geography University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Ayadiuno Romanus , Ndulue Chukwuka ,   Department of Geography University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State
Published: December 2020

Covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria is part of the worldwide pandemic of corona virus disease 2019, caused by the novel corona virus. The first confirmed case was announced in the country on 27th February 2020 and subsequently in Anambra state on 9th April 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the disease, (now officially named COVID-19) a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 31st January, 2020 and subsequently rolled out measures to preventing and or contained the spread of the disease. This paper looks at the preventive measures of the World Health Organization (WHO), adopted by the Nigerian Government in the fight against the Virus and the perceptions of residents in three selected city centers of Onitsha, Nnewi and Awka in Anambra state Southeastern Nigeria. The data used in this paper were accumulated from three hundred randomly selected adult (within 25 and 65years old) literate residents in sampled city centers using structured questionnaire, supplemented by oral interviews and other literatures. The data collected was subjected to Principal Component Analysis to discover the principles underlying variables and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis to identify the effects of the misconceptions. Recommendations therefore suggests rescinding the lockdown policy; production and free distribution of face masks, soaps, hand sanitizers, and immune booster supplements; provision of water supply; intensified sensitization and massive testing for Covid-19.
THE ROLE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY OF COVID – 19 AND WORLD ECONOMY STRATEGIES FOR ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND SUSTAINABILITY
Authors:   Federal College of Education (Tech), Bichi, Kano State, Bichi Maryam
Published: December 2020

In the Global economy, tourism is one of the most noticeable and growing sectors. This sector plays an important role in boosting a nation’s economy. An increase in tourism flow can bring positive economic outcomes to the nations, especially in gross domestic product GDP. The tourism industry is an engine of economic development and GDP growth. As the number of COVID-19 positive cases increasing day by day, government bound to take this hard decision (lockdown). All international flight have been cancelled and stopped for long days accommodation business, hotels, motels/resort owners, already started to face a countless loss, hotels/motels, restaurant, travel agencies already closed their businesses, thousands of people working in tourism industry have started to become jobless. Already government of Nigeria offered different special packages for recovery and ensuring sustainability of different sector. This study also presents the real scenario of tourism industry during COVID-19 pandemic which will help to know the update knowledge regarding the impacts of COVID-19 in tourism and hospitality industry and to take proper recovery steps.
PERSONAL HYGIENE PRACTICES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS: A STRATEGY FOR FIGHTING COVID-19
Authors:   Department of Home Economics,  Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri, Imo. State, Regina Ohaka , O. Oluwaleyimu ,   Department of Science and Technology Education,  University of Lagos, Lagos State, N. Okeke ,   Department of Home Economics,  Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri, Imo. State
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study was to determine personal hygiene practices of primary school pupils in Owerri, Imo State. Two purposes and two research questions guided the study. The study was carried out in Imo State, Nigeria within the early (January to February, 2020) at the onset on Covid-19 Pandemics. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study’s population was made up of 980 pupils and random sampling technique was used to derive a sample size of 200 pupils. Structured and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using frequency and percentage. The findings of the study showed that 89% (174) of the pupils had knowledge that personal hygiene refers to maintenance of cleanliness of one’s body and clothing. Also, 97.5% (195) of the pupils reported associating personal hygiene with good health. However, 15% (30) and 10.5% (21) of the pupils did not have knowledge that personal hygiene helps to reduce contamination of infectious diseases and prevents body odour respectively. Furthermore, the study’s results indicated that 98% (196) of the respondents do not wash their hands immediately they return back from school. Also, 22.5% (45) and 15% (30) do not cover their nose and mouth when sneezing and coughing respectively. The study concluded that personal hygiene practices of primary school pupils needs to be upgraded. The study therefore, recommended re-orientation of the pupils on the observance, need and importance of personal hygiene by the school management.
COVID-19 and its Setback to the Educational Sector in Nigeria: The Way Forward
Authors:   Department of Marketing, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, PMB 0231Bauchi-Nigeria, Abba Maryam
Published: December 2020

Globally, the world is faced with the COVID-19pandemic which has held the economy at ransom not exempting the educational sector. This pandemic has brought about recent changes and disruptions in the educational sector which serves as a catalyst for the development of any nation. Educational sector globally is seen to be shifting towards e-learning in order to cushion the effect of this pandemic. However, developing countries evidence from the Nigerian experience are posed with the challenge of shifting from the traditional teaching method to the e-learning during the pandemic. The challenges arise as a result of the varying degree of preparedness of the institutions,lack of infrastructures, and paucity of funds and policy issues in the Nigerian education sector. In a style of a qualitative research, these paper seeks to look at an overview of covid-19, global response to covid-19, impact of covid-19 on education and proffer recommendations to cushion these effect.Part of the recommendations include,government should immediately embark on the integration of all schools and institutions into online education, direct all the higher institutions to extend physical teaching and research activities to the online network, conduct teaching seminars online, jointly solve new problems that may arise in the teaching process. The government should endeavour to purchase laptops for each students both in the Basic, Secondary and Tertiary institutions, however, they should provide internet facilities in schools and constant electric supply to ease learning for students online.
AFRICAN GOVERNANCE: CHALLENGES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS
Authors:   Stanford University, Crocker Chester
Published: December 2020

Accountability and transparency are key principles to fight corruption and achieve good governance in any country, especially in a democratic setting. Accountability and transparency are the criteria for goof governance which bring about legitimacy and popular support from the people. The economy of the country cannot develop when its members lack a sense of duty and accountability. In create an administration that will be responsive to the yearnings and aspiration of the people by the government, the role of accountability and transparency cannot be over stressed. This paper examines the concept of accountability, transparency and corruption in decentralized governance. It highlights the types of accountability and identify that the process of accountability should increase the pressure for more transparent local governance.
TACKLING THE NATURAL AND CULTURAL BARRIERS TO FEMINISM & GENDER EQUALITY: A STUDY AMONG THE ETSAKO OF NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Federal University, Otuoke, Nigeria, Omoro Joseph , Asekhauno Anthony
Published: December 2020

Recently, there has been an increase among gender sensitivists’ agitation for women equality with men—despite their obvious or obscure physical dissimilarities or uniqueness, natural/social-condition. So what is the basis of quest for gender equality? Is this possible or necessary? Although several plausible claims are made by the equalitarians, this paper explains the formidable and seemingly insurmountable barriers to an ‘impeccable’ level of women equality with men existing in their respective natural-condition (disabling or enabling), or other social/cultural-condition. Accordingly, it reviews the conception of women among the Etsako of Nigeria so as to be enabled to sift such culture-base barriers. Thus, it point out that though developments in science and technology have tended to develop some schemes and mechanisms to enhance women’s natural disablements to fit in social participation as man, custom, tradition and cultural accretions have tended to be formidable barriers. Affirming feminism, it concludes that the proper focus for women is simply to act their roles dictated by nature, and stipulated by culture, which men cannot.
O espectro da Lei de Bronze: uma reflexão sobre a teoria política de Robert Michels por meio do contextualismo social
Authors: Dias Jhonathan Matheus , Neres Geraldo Magella
Published: December 2020

A obra de Robert Michels, denominada Sociologia dos partidos políticos, publicada originalmente em alemão em 1911, é um estudo feito com base na investigação empírica do Partido Socialdemocrata Alemão (SPD), por meio do qual Michels constrói sua famosa “Lei de Bronze” da burocratização e oligarquização de toda organização social complexa. Passados mais de 100 anos de sua formulação, o espectro da lei de bronze continua a aparecer nos debates acerca das organizações humanas. Compreendendo esse duradouro legado e sua relevância, o presente artigo tem como objetivo central apresentar a possibilidade de uso da teoria michelsiana para além da forma como é comumente evocada, como um meio de justificação ao abandono do ideal democrático. Com isso, pretende-se, por meio do uso do contextualismo social, evidenciar o potencial da obra de Michels como um importante mecanismo de reflexão no complexo processo de formulação das instituições representativas no século XXI.
The environmental price of socio-economic development: worldwide trends from 1990 to 2016
Authors:   University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Vintar Mally Katja
Published: December 2020

Plans for achieving sustainable development around the world are based on the assumption that socio-economic progress can be ensured only by staying within the carrying capacity of the environment, which has already been exceeded in a number of areas. In this paper the concepts of human development and ecological footprint have been combined in order to shed light on the current state and trends over time. Using available data for the human development index and the ecological footprint, 175 countries were included in the analysis of the current state (based on data from 2016), while 121 countries were analysed in the study of trends from 1990 to 2016. Based on their degree of success or failure in approaching decoupling targets, the countries were further classified into three types. All countries have shown progress in human development, which has been accompanied on a global scale by a large increase in environmental pressures, and this is still reflected in the high correlation of the human development index and the ecological footprint per capita. However, for only 38% of countries could it be concluded that socio-economic progress in the period 1990-2016 was achieved while reducing the per capita consumption of natural resources and ecosystem services.
O ENSINO DE ROBÓTICA EDUCACIONAL POR MEIO DE METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS: O OLHAR DA FENOMENOLOGIA PARA OS DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES NA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA
Authors: FERNANDES R.
Published: December 2020

No século XXI, a robótica educacional tornou-se uma ferramenta de ensino-aprendizagem inovadora que passou a conquistar cada vez mais espaço no planejamento curricular das instituições públicas/privadas (CAMPOS, 2017). Ao promover no espaço físico da sala de aula um ambiente de aprendizagem lúdico e inovador, a robótica educacional, quando é trabalhada pelo professor em sala de aula, possibilita aos alunos a oportunidade de serem os próprios mentores de sua aprendizagem, ao invés de meros consumidores passivos de informações.
Bustan al-Salatin Panduan kepada Pemerintahan Islam yang Adil oleh Golongan Pembantu Raja ~ Bustan al-Salatin as a Guide to Justice of Islamic Government by Kingâ€™s Aides
Authors: MD NOR NOR ASHIKIN BINTI , NOOR MUHAMMAD SALMAH JAN BINTI
Published: December 2020

Konsep keadilan dalam Islam mempunyai pengertian yang luas dan mendalam. Keadilan dalam Islam mencakupi keseluruhan sudut kehidupan manusia tanpa sebarang pengecualian. Golongan raja atau pemerintah sering dikaitkan dengan konsep keadilan. Hal ini demikian kerana golongan ini memegang amanah dan tanggungjawab yang besar terhadap rakyat dan negara di bawah pemerintahannya. Namun begitu, konsep keadilan juga dianggap penting bagi golongan pembantu raja iaitu golongan kadi, wazir, utusan dan kahtib. Oleh itu, artikel ini akan membincangkan konsep keadilan Islam oleh golongan pembantu raja yang terdapat dalam naskhah Bustan al-Salatin di samping menganalisis implikasi amalan keadilan dalam sistem pemerintahan sesebuah kerajaan. Kajian ini akan menggunakan kaedah analisis teks dan kaedah kepustakaan. Selain itu, kajian ini akan menggunakan teori keadilan Islam oleh Majid Khadduri (1999). Menurut beliau, keadilan dalam Islam dapat dibahagikan kepada beberapa aspek, iaitu keadilan politik, keadilan teologi, keadilan falsafah, keadilan akhlak, keadilan undang-undang, keadilan antara bangsa dan keadilan sosial.The concept of justice in Islam has a broad and deep understanding. Justice in Islam embraces all aspects of human life without exception. The Kings or governments are often associated with the concept of justice. This is because these people hold the trust and great responsibility toward the people and the country under their rule. However, the concept of justice is also considered important for the kingâ€™s aides, whom are the the viziers, messengers and scribes. This article discusses the concept of Islamic justice embraced by the kingâ€™s aides as recorded in the Bustan al-Salatin and the implications of the practice of justice in the system of a government. This study employed the methods of textual and documentary analysis. In addition, this study incorporated the theory of Islamic justice by Majid Khadduri (1999). According to Majid Khadduri, the justice in Islam can be divided into several aspects, such as political justice, theological justice, philosophy of justice, morality justice, legal justice, justice between peoples, and social justice.
ISSUES WITH EFFECTIVE DESIGN OF AN ESL TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME IN SABAH, MALAYSIA
Authors: HIEW WENDY , MURRAY JILL
Published: December 2020

Abstract

This study investigates English as Second Language teachersâ€™ perceptions and the impact of the Professional Up-skilling of English Language Teachers programme, which was designed and conducted by the British Council Malaysia. A review of previous studies revealed a paucity of research focusing on large-scale, standardised teacher professional development programmes that involved English language teachers from both heterogeneous teaching levels (i.e. primary and secondary schools) and heterogeneous districts (i.e. urban and rural). The limited published studies available have been critical of this mode of professional development for a number of reasons, and the purpose of this study was to investigate these issues in the Malaysian context. A mixed methods explanatory sequential design was adopted, which utilised a questionnaire survey, interviews and focus group with the teachers and District English Language Officers. However, this article will focus on the qualitative findings. The findings reveal four major limitations of the programme: in the coursebook materials; negative emotional impact on the teachers, which compromised the potential benefits of the programme; selection of participants; and the amount of follow-up support. The findings have implication on programme designers and providers in designing future teacher professional development programmes.

Keywords: Teacher professional development, English language teachers, standardised program, developing country, Malaysia.
MANIFESTASI AGAMA DALAM FILEM â€˜TALENTIMEâ€™ ARAHAN YASMIN AHMAD: SATU ANALISIS MENURUT KERANGKA TAKLIF
Authors: TONYA NURUL ATIRA , MOHAMMAD ZULKIFLI , ABDUL RANI MOHD. ZARIAT
Published: December 2020

Abstrak

Kajian ini bertitik tolak daripada ulasan-ulasan terhadap filem â€˜Talentimeâ€™ arahan Yasmin Ahmad yang diterbitkan dari tahun 2009 oleh Primeworks Studios dengan kerjasama Chilli Pepper. Ulasan-ulasan ini antara lain membangkitkan isu berkenaan manifestasi-manifestasi berkaitan agama yang dianggap mencerminkan realiti masyarakat di Malaysia. Berkaitan isu tersebut, kajian ini mengenal pasti dua jalur pendirian yang saling bertentangan yang mengisi ulasan-ulasan tersebut. Pertama, jalur pendirian yang menganggap bahawa manifestasi-manifestasi berkaitan agama dalam filem ini sejajar dengan agama Islam. Kedua, jalur pendirian yang menganggap bahawa manifestasi-manifestasi berkaitan agama itu bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam. Perbezaan jalur pendirian ini mengundang satu penelitian lanjut tentang manifestasi-manifestasi berkaitan agama Islam dalam filem â€˜Talentime.â€™ Kajian ini menggariskan dua objektif, iaitu menganalisis manifestasi-manifestasi agama dalam filem â€˜Talentimeâ€™ arahan Yasmin Ahmad, dan seterusnya merumuskan manifestasi-manifestasi tersebut berdasarkan kerangka taklif. Kajian ini menerapkan taklif sebagai kerangka analisis, sebagai satu kerangka yang berasaskan Islam. Taklif merujuk kepada kebertanggungjawaban manusia kepada Allah SWT yang lahir daripada janji asli manusia untuk mengabdikan diri hanya kepada Penciptanya. Dengan menerapkan kerangka taklif, kajian ini merumuskan bahawa manifestasi-manifestasi agama Islam dalam filem â€˜Talentimeâ€™ adalah bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam.

 

Abstract

This study is based on the reviews of â€˜Talentime,â€™ a film directed by Yasmin Ahmad and produced in 2009 by Primeworks Studios in collaboration with Chilli Pepper. The reviews among others highlight issues of religious manifestations regarded as reflective of the reality of society in Malaysia. This study identifies two opposing standpoints in these reviews. The first standpoint proposes the religious manifestations in the film as being in line with Islam. The second standpoint on the other hand asserts that these manifestations are contrary to Islamic teachings. These opposing standpoints point to a need for further examination on the religious manifestations pertaining to Islam in the film. This study outlines two objectives i.e. to analyse the religious manifestations in Yasmin Ahmadâ€™s â€˜Talentime,â€™ and subsequently summarise these based on taklif, an analytical framework based on Islam. Taklif refers to man's accountability to Allah SWT which originates from his primordial covenant to submit solely to his Creator. Based on the taklif framework, this study concludes that the religious manifestations in â€˜Talentimeâ€™ are contrary to the teachings of Islam.
Exploring the Long-term impact of Maximum Markup Deregulation
Authors: Dimas Athanasios , Genakos Christos
Published: December 2020

Do product market reforms have a lasting impact on the market? How does the adjustment path to the new equilibrium look once these reforms are implemented? Does it matter whether reforms are conducted under weak macroeconomic conditions? We examine pricing equilibrium, three and five years after the repeal of the maximum wholesale and retail markup regulation, in an oligopolistic and vertically non-integrated market in Greece, at the beginning of its economic crisis. Using a difference-in-difference framework, we show that market liberalization led to a significant decrease in both retail and wholesale prices and a shift to the left of the whole price distribution five years after the change, corresponding to approximately €212 million of added consumer welfare per year, or €1.06 billion in total over five years.
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL GOVERNMENT WORK PLAN PONTIANAK CITY OF WEST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE IN 2016
Authors: Sujendra Bima
Published: December 2020

Public Participation in Local Government Planning Work Pontianak province of West Kalimantan in 2016 was chosen because the researchers are encouraged by the phenomenon of community participation in implementation RKPD Musrenbang for the preparation of the proposal is still lacking and many people who do not direalisaikan. To that end, the general research problem is formulated: "How can public participation in the Development Plan Local Government of West Kalimantan Province Pontianak Year 2016". The study design used a qualitative approach. The results showed that community participation in providing information about the conditions, needs and attitudes in preparation RKPD 2016 that have not responded by the City Government through Bapedda, community involvement in the preparation and planning preparation RKPD Year 2016 in order to generate trust and a sense of community has also not been successful optimally, and public participation in the utilization of democratic rights in the implementation of Musrenbang RKPD still lacking, so the implementation of the present society Musrenbang more impressive work in vain or simply fulfill a formality or a mechanism to meet the requirements set out in legislation.
Edukasi Dengan Media Permainan Ular Tangga Terhadap Pengetahuan Kebersihan Gigi Dan Mulut Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nova Ghea Pinky
Published: December 2020

Penggunaan media yang menarik diperlukan guna meningkatkan pengetahuan anak sekolah dasar mengenai kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Pemilihan media perlu di uji untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektifitas edukasi dengan media Permainan Ular Tangga terhadap pengetahuan kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada siswa Sekolah Dasar di SD Muhammadiyah 2 Pontianak. Dalam penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Quasi Eksperiment dengan Pre and Posttest Group. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 siswa dari kelas IV A. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 5 hari berturut-turut pada bulan Agustus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian edukasi dengan media Permainan Ular Tangga di SD Muhammadiyah 2 Pontianak pada siswa kelompok eksperimen peningkatan pengetahuannya lebih signifikan daripada kelompok kontrol yang tidak diberi intervensi. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan skor pengetahuan siswa kelompok eksperimen sebelum intervensi 52,25 meningkat menjadi 89,25 dengan P value = 0,000 sedangkan kelompok kontrol pretest 52,25 meningkat menjadi 55,25 dengan P value = 0,137. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan kepada instansi terkait agar mengadopsi model intervensi kebersihan gigi dan mulut dengan pemberian media Permainan Ular Tangga kepada siswa tujuannya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa tentang kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada siswa Sekolah Dasar.
Cartazes urbanos acessíveis a pessoas cegas: proposta de um modelo de design para todos, baseado numa solução mobile
Authors: Mineiro Joana Pimparel , Almeida Ana Margarida , Lélis Catarina
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo apresenta uma investigação em curso cujo principal propósito é explorar a área da acessibilidade a pessoas cegas, procurando compreender como um cego consegue “ver” um cartaz de rua. Pretende-se conhecer e estudar como estes indivíduos interagem com o espaço urbano e compreender quais as melhores estratégias e paradigmas de interação a utilizar neste contexto. A principal finalidade é, pois, contribuir para a construção de um espaço urbano mais acessível, como forma de proporcionar a divulgação e a inclusão de todos. Assim, de forma a analisar e validar estas melhores estratégias, foi construído um protótipo, baseado numa solução mobile, em que a sua função é, sem dúvida, o ponto-chave e dominante neste processo. Nas diferentes secções do artigo apresentamos o enquadramento desta temática, o processo de desenvolvimento do referido protótipo assim como a metodologia utilizada durante o seu desenvolvimento e as conclusões perante a observação dos dados recolhidos no sistema adotado.
Recursos diagramáticos aplicados ao desenho de esboço no processo de concepção projetual: Uma análise sob a perspectiva da psicologia da imagem | Diagram applied to sketches in the design process: An analysis from the perspective of psychology of representation
Authors: Rodrigues Raissa Araujo , Moreira Daniel De Carvalho
Published: December 2020

Os desenhos de esboço são ferramentas muito próximas ao arquiteto durante o processo projetual, principalmente na sua fase de concepção, visto que o permite transmitir com agilidade a ideia mental. Levando em consideração que a concepção do projeto é, para muitos arquitetos, parte fundamental do processo, o foco deste estudo é dado à aplicação, quase sempre natural, de recursos diagramáticos, fundamentais para expressar e ordenar a complexa quantidade de informações inerentes ao projeto de arquitetura, nas suas diversas fases, nos desenhos de esboços, com o intuito de tornar a comunicação cada vez mais sintética, clarificando a ideia central a ser transmitida ao fruidor. Para a análise dos desenhos de esboço, foi desenvolvido um quadro, baseado nos estudo de psicologia da imagem e information design, que analisa os aspectos técnicos, comunicativos e cognitivos do desenho, levando em consideração a relação intrínseca entre a representação, a concepção e a percepção do projeto. O resultado da investigação sugere que cada desenho de esboço tem um propósito específico e um conceito a esclarecer, que é influenciado diretamente pelo tipo de representação, adotado por uma determinada percepção do arquiteto.*****Sketches are contiguous tools for architects during the design process, especially in the conception phase whereas they are able to convey agile a mental idea. Taking into account that to concept is, for many architects, a fundamental part of the process, the research focus is concerning the usage, often natural, of diagrammatic resources. These media are fundamental to express and to order the complex amount of information inherent in the architecture project, in its various phases, such as in sketches, for the purpose of becoming communication increasingly more synthetic. Toward sketches analysis, a chart was design, based on psychology of representation studies and information design. Both areas analyze technical, communicative and cognitive aspects of drawing, considering the intrinsic relation between the representation, the conception and the perception of the project. The result suggests that each sketch has a specific purpose and a concept to be clarified, which is directly influenced by the type of representation, adopted by a certain perception of the architect.
A ergonomia cognitiva aplicada a interfaces de máquina de lavar: uma proposta de redesign inclusivo | Ergonomics applied to washing machine interfaces: an inclusive redesign proposal focused on the elderly
Authors: Kumagai Deborah Naomi , Tomazzia Pâmela Greice , De Medeiros Ivan Luiz
Published: December 2020

O envelhecimento populacional, um efeito da transição demográfica acelerada no Brasil, evidencia a necessidade de projetar para atender as demandas deste segmento da população que, embora compreenda um extremo etário, mantêm-se ativo, com autonomia nas atividades cotidianas. Deste modo, o presente estudo teve como propósito a problematização, sob a ótica da ergonomia cognitiva, dos padrões de interface nos modelos de máquinas de lavar residenciais disponíveis no mercado, e a apresentação de uma proposta de um redesign alinhado aos princípios do Design Universal para, assim, proporcionar melhores experiências de uso, de forma inclusiva e sem estigmatização de qualquer segmento do público usuário. *****The population ageing, an effect of the accelerated demographic transition in Brazil, highlights the necessity of designing to fulfill the demands from this population segment, which, despite comprising the senior age range, stays active and maintains its autonomy in day-to-day activities. Thus, this study had the intent of discussing, from the perspective of ergonomics, the interface design standards in residential washing machine models available on the Brazilian market, in order to present a redesign proposal envisioning better experiences for elderly users.
A comunicação visual de bulas de remédios: análise ergonômica da diagramação e forma tipográfica com pessoas de terceira idade
Authors: Fujita Patrícia Tiemi Lopes
Published: December 2020

A comunicao visual o meio necessrio para transmisso de informaes. Considerando-se que as bulas de remdios oferecem dificuldades de legibilidade para o consumidor da terceira idade prope-se uma anlise de sua composio grfica da bula de remdio feita por investigao ergonmica textual quanto sua adequao tipogrfica e de diagramao. O estudo realizou pesquisa descritiva com anlise da bula de medicamento e de duas coletas de dados por entrevista individual com pessoas acima de 65 anos. A anlise da bula do Medicamento X, conforme fatores de legibilidade, apresenta inadequao quanto confuso entre letras e seu tamanho reduzido para a distncia de leitura que so combinados com as alteraes visuais do envelhecimento. A primeira coleta confirma essas dificuldades de leitura da bula do Medicamento X. A segunda coleta de dados consistiu da apresentao da bula do Medicamento X comparada com dois modelos que se diferenciaram quanto tipografia - Arial e Times New Roman, porm, com uma mesma diagramao, obedecendo os fatores de legibilidade de texto de Dull (1995) . Os resultados de melhor legibilidade para a bula indicam o modelo com tipo Arial. Conclui-se pela necessidade de equilbrio entre diagramao e tipografia para uma comunicao visual de bulas de remdios. [ Download ]
Critério para avaliação de notações de engenharia fundamentados em princípios do design da informação: estudo preliminar
Authors: Pece Carlo Alessandro Zanetti , Padovani Stephania , Almeida Sérgio Frascino Müller de
Published: December 2020

As notaes utilizadas nas disciplinas de cinemtica e dinmica de pontos materiais e de corpos rgidos ministradas em cursos de engenharia apresentam, muitas vezes, problemas. Esses problemas so de variada magnitude e natureza, destacando-se: arbitrariedade, pouca diferenciao e, por vezes, mesmo inconsistncia, tanto conceitual quanto estrutural. O presente trabalho, um estudo exploratrio, prope critrios preliminares para a avaliao de notaes utilizadas na engenharia, particularmente as supra-mencionadas. Tais critrios so fundamentados em princpios do design da informao.Trs categorias de agrupamento dos critrios foram adotadas: o escopo, a estruturao da informao e a apresentao visual. Espera-se que a aplicao desses critrios venha a contribuir para o desenvolvimento de notaes com mecanismos grficos e diagramticos que garantam a hierarquia informacional, a lgica estrutural e a boa discriminabilidade. O artigo ainda versa sobre os benefcios educacionais potenciais associados a cada um desses critrios, alm dos limites de aplicao das solues engendradas. Por fim apresentam-se alguns exemplos ilustrativos de notaes pertinentes onde so identificados problemas com base nos critrios propostos. [ Download ]
Design para comunicação: design de solução e de interação
Authors: Padovani Stephania
Published: December 2020

FRASCARA, Jorge. Communication Design principles, methods and practice. New York: Allworth Press, 2004. 207p. [ISBN 1-58115-365-1]Resumo da obraCommunication Design proporciona uma viso geral do campo de design da comunicao, suas principais reas, mtodos de trabalho e propsitos. O livro dirigido a estudantes de comunicao visual (no a designers experientes) e inclui discusses de algumas reas que devem crescer e se modificar nesta era de exploso da informao e inovao tecnolgica. [Frascara, 2004] [ Download ]
Tipografia ‘desconstrucionista’ e o modelo triádico de Peirce
Authors: Migliari Mirella De Menezes , Nojima Vera Lúcia M. dos Santos
Published: December 2020

A teoria literria ps-estruturalista de Jacques Derrida influenciou toda uma gerao de designers grficos na dcada de (19)80, inicialmente na Califrnia, Estados Unidos, promovendo uma alternativa a tendncia em voga at aquele momento: o Estilo Internacional. Desta confluncia de idias surge um novo conceito no mbito do design grfico: a tipografia desconstrucionista. Entretanto, sob um olhar semitico, a tipografia configura-se em um sistema de signos que extrapola a esfera lingstica. Neste artigo, a tipografia desconstrucionista analisada luz do modelo semitico proposto por Charles Sanders Peirce. [ Download ]
Eu ♥ kitsch: uma análise da atitude kitsch na obra de Pedro Almodóvar
Authors: Beltrão Hallina , Waechter Hans
Published: December 2020

Este artigo aborda o kitsch como fenmeno mundial estabelecido e identifica sua presena na obra de Pedro Almodvar atravs da anlise de Mulheres beira de um ataque de nervos (1987), Ata-me (1989) e Kika (1993), trs pelculas da fase mais kitsch do diretor espanhol. [ Download ]
Contribuição metodológica em design de sinalização
Authors: Cardoso Eduardo , Scherer Fabiano De Vargas , Teixeira Fábio Gonçalves , Silva Régio Pierre , Silva Tânia Luisa Koltermann
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a pesquisa sobre metodologia em design de sinalizao realizada pelo Ncleo de Design Grfico Ambiental - NDGA da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Pretende-se assim expor as metodologias utilizadas por autores relevantes nesta rea como refe- rncia para a anlise comparativa e posterior contribuio metodolgica.
Validation of a coupled δ2Hn-alkane-δ18Osugar paleohygrometer approach based on a climate chamber experiment
Authors: Hepp Johannes , Mayr Christoph , Rozanski Kazimierz , Schäfer Imke Kathrin , Tuthorn Mario , Glaser Bruno , Juchelka Dieter , Stichler Willibald , Zech Roland , Zech Michael
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The hydrogen isotopic composition of leaf wax-derived biomarkers, e.g. long chain n-alkanes (δ2Hn-alkane), is widely applied in paleoclimatology research. However, a direct reconstruction of the isotopic composition of source water based on δ2Hn-alkane alone can be challenging due to the alteration of the soil water isotopic signal by leaf-water heavy-isotope enrichment. The coupling of δ2Hn-alkane with δ18O of hemicellulose-derived sugars (δ18Osugar) has the potential to disentangle this effect and additionally to allow relative humidity reconstructions. Here, we present δ2Hn-alkane as well as δ18Osugar results obtained from leaves of the plant species Eucalyptus globulus, Vicia faba var. minor and Brassica oleracea var. medullosa, which grew under controlled conditions. We addressed the questions (i) do δ2Hn-alkane and δ18Osugar values allow precise reconstructions of leaf water isotope composition, (ii) how accurately does the reconstructed leaf-water-isotope composition enables relative humidity (RH) reconstruction in which the plants grew, and (iii) does the coupling of δ2Hn-alkane and δ18Osugar enable a robust source water calculation? For all investigated species, the alkane n-C29 was most abundant and therefore used for compound-specific δ2H measurements. For Vicia faba, additionally the δ2H values of n-C31 could be evaluated robustly. With regard to hemicellulose-derived monosaccharides, arabinose and xylose were most abundant and their δ18O values were therefore used to calculate weighted mean leaf δ18Osugar values. Both δ2Hn-alkane and δ18Osugar yielded significant correlations with δ2Hleaf-water and δ18Oleaf-water, respectively (r2 = 0.45 and 0.85, respectively; p
A Robust calibration/validation protocol of a hydrological model
using hidden Markov states
Authors: Guilpart Etienne , Espanmanesh Vahid , Tilmant Amaury , Anctil François
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The impacts of climate and land-use changes make the stationary assumption in hydrology obsolete. Moreover, there is still considerable uncertainty regarding the future evolution of the Earth's climate and the extent of the alteration of flow regimes. In that context, it is crucial to assess the performance of a hydrologic model over a wide range of climates and their corresponding hydrologic conditions. We propose a calibration/validation protocol based on the differential split-sample test and numerous, contrasted, climate sequences identified through a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) classification. The proposed protocol is tested on the Senegal River in West Africa. Results show that when the time series of river discharges does not exhibit a clear climate trend, or when it has multiple change points, classical rupture tests are useless and HMM classification is a viable alternative as long as the climate sub-sequences are long enough.
'No minorar la memoria de mis pasados'. Apuntes para una biografía política de Gaspar de Haro y Guzmán, marqués del Carpio
Authors: Fernández-Santos Ortiz-Iribas Jorge
Published: December 2020

El artículo propone un primer esbozo del talante político de Gaspar de Haro echando mano fundamentalmente de testimonios contemporáneos o no muy posteriores a su muerte en 1687. Las fuentes utilizadas son tanto internas a la Monarquía de España como extranjeras. Se ha buscado asimismo dar voz al propio marqués del Carpio y calibrar en qué medida su auto-percepción y, como consecuencia, su auto-representación estaban condicionadas por su “linaje político” como hijo de Luis de Haro y sobrino-nieto del conde-duque de Olivares. Se plantea por último la adhesión del marqués –tanto en su calidad de embajador de Carlos II ante Inocencio XI (1677-1682) como más tarde como virrey de Nápoles (1683-1687)– a un regalismo en el que, bajo el insistente rechazo de los “medios blandos”, latía la admiración por el pujante galicanismo de Luis XIV.
Bases medioambientales para la didáctica de la Geografía: Los espacios naturales, estudio de caso
Authors: Sotelo Pérez Ignacio , Sotelo Pérez María
Published: December 2020

Los denominados “Espacios Naturales Protegidos” se consolidan como áreas que poseen notables valores de interés científico. Desde esta perspectiva, en el presente trabajo se desarrolla una investigación que tiene como punto de referencia los “Espacios Naturales Protegidos”, haciendo especial hincapié, en los valores intrínsecos de los mismos (aspectos culturales, sociales, económicos, políticos, educativos, científicos,…). En este sentido, tanto la protección como la conservación y la gestión pasan a desempeñar un papel prioritario desde la perspectiva de la didáctica de la Geografía. El estudio de caso se detiene en uno de los Parques más genuinamente medioambientales de nuestro país: el Parque Nacional de las Islas Atlánticas, en el que se resumen los valores anteriormente citados.
El proceso de transformación de la economía de Polonia, ¿un milagro económico?
Authors: Escribano López Alberto
Published: December 2020

Desde 1989 la economía de Polonia ha experimentado un exitoso proceso de transformación económica. En la literatura económica, el éxito de dicho proceso esta frecuentemente asociado a las políticas neoliberales aplicadas durante los primeros años de la década de los 90, la denominada Terapia de Choque. Sin embargo, a lo largo de esta investigación se va a considerar que el exitoso proceso de transformación de la economía de Polonia no es únicamente resultado de la aplicación efectiva de dichas políticas, sino que el posterior éxito cosechado no podría ser entendido sin las políticas orientadas hacia la acumulación y sin la adhesión de Polonia a la UE, que ha permitido alcanzar importantes niveles de desarrollo socioeconómico. Macroeconómicamente, el proceso de transformación es visto como un proceso exitoso, que ha ayudado a Polonia a prosperar económica y socialmente; pero desde la perspectiva social y a pesar de los avances obtenidos, el proceso de transformación no ha conducido una mejora sustancial de los estándares de vida que permitan equiparar a Polonia con los países más avanzados de la Unión Europea.
Dinâmicas e fluxos da teatralidade do interior: as características folkmidiáticas da Companhia Teatral Arte Viva de Santa Cruz/RN
Authors: Paiva Beatriz Lima de , Nobre Itamar de Morais
Published: December 2020

Analisam-se as práticas, narrativas e aspectos culturais da Companhia Teatral Arte Viva (Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil) no âmbito comunicacional e midiático. O relato ressalta as suas características representativas e a interação social entre a companhia e o público, bem como evidencia a observação de um fenômeno original: a expressão e resistência dos teatristas em associação à sua contextualização folkmidiática ao abordar a teatralidade que ocupa o espaço público e demonstra, em sua essência, a vocação. Folkcomunicação; Teatro de Rua; Companhia Teatral Arte Viva.
EFEITO DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO LIPÍDICA PARA MATRIZES SUÍNAS NO PERÍODO PÓS PARTO SOBRE SEU INTERVALO DESMAME-ESTRO E, VARIAÇÃO DE PESO E ESCORE CORPORAL
Authors: Conceição dos Santos Marley , Fonseca da Silva Kariny , Dzierva Letícia , De Camargo Dias Isabella , De Oliveira Marx Francielle , Bernardini Zavelinski Vitor Augusto , Maiorka Alex
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho buscou avaliar alternativas viáveis para diminuir a perda de peso e escore de condição corporal das porcas, bem como seu intervalo desmame-estro, testando a suplementação de óleo de soja, em cinco níveis, para 300 matrizes nos três primeiros dias pós parto. Os tratamentos foram: CO – Controle (apenas o óleo já presente na ração – 604,5g), T750 – 750g, T1000 – 1000g, T1250 – 1250g e T1500 – 1500g. Não foi observada diferença significativa para variação de peso e escore corporal das matrizes entre os tratamentos durante o período experimental, assim como sobre o IDE (P>0,05). Esse resultado provavelmente se deve ao que foi relatado por Zhang et al. (2018), que mostram que nos três primeiros dias de vida as porcas ainda não estão consumindo a quantidade de ração suficiente para suprir sua demanda nutricional, portanto mesmo a suplementação lipídica pode ser insuficiente para alcançar os níveis demandados. Considerando as condições experimentais deste estudo, a suplementação de óleo de soja para as matrizes nos três primeiros dias pós parto não tem efeito sobre a sua perda de peso e condição corporal na fase de maternidade, e não influencia seu intervalo desmame-estro subsequente.