bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Picky Eater Behavior with Stunting among Preschool Children in Surabaya
Authors: Novita Eka Hardini  , Wirjatmadi Bambang
Published: June 2024

Stunting is one of the main nutritional problems in Indonesia. Stunting in children can be caused by various things, one of the problems is picky eater behavior which often appear at preschool age. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between picky eater behavior and stunting in preschool children. The methods of this study used case control design, and for the sample selection used simple random sampling technique. The population of this study was all students in PG-TK Al Irsyad Surabaya and the sample for each case and control group was 15 respondents. Nutritional status was measured using the parameters height for age (H/A) and picky eater behavior using the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). Data was analyzed using chi-square test. Most respondents have picky eater behavior and stunting (93.3%), followed by children with picky eater behavior and not stunting (53.3%). The results of statistical tests show that there is a relationship between stunting and picky eater behavior (p-value = 0.035). Additionally, children with picky eater behavior also have a bigger risk of stunting than children who were not (OR 12.250). So it could be concluded that stunting can be caused by various factors, one of which is picky eater behavior. The recommendation for parents to prevent picky eater behavior and stunting is they can try to use responsive feeding technique, so that children can develop good eating habits, and introduce a variety of foods since childhood.
Double Burden of Malnutrition among Women of Reproductive Age and Its Associated Factors in Makassar District
Authors: Fachruddin Ismi Irfiyanti , Pratiwi Hardyanti
Published: June 2024

The double burden of malnutrition, especially on women, continues to increase, including in Makassar City, Indonesia. The prevalence of malnutrition is quite high based on BMI category in the adult female population aged >18 years in Makassar City, namely thin (8.64%), fat (14.33%), and obese (29.75%). This study aims to compare factors related to undernutrition and overnutrition status in women of childbearing age (WUS) in Makassar District. This research is a cross-sectional study of suburban women aged 16–44 years at the Bara-baraya Community Health Center, Makassar District using a quota sampling technique for two months. Anthropometric measurements were carried out to determine nutritional status, calorie and protein intake were measured using a 24-hour recall questionnaire, and a structured questionnaire to determine the characteristics of respondents. The statistical test used is the Chi Square test. The prevalence of undernutrition, normal and overnutrition in the WUS group was 8.3%, 46.9% and 44.8%, respectively. There is a significant relationship between energy intake (p=0.032), dietary diversity (p=0.025), nutritional knowledge (p=0.029), and education (p=0.009) with nutritional status in women of childbearing age. No significant relationship was found between protein intake, occupation, economic status and age with nutritional status among women of reproductive age (p>0.05).
Mukâtil b. Süleyman’ın Yaşadığı Coğrafyanın Tefsirine Olan Etkisi
Authors: Uzun Ayşe
Published: June 2024

Öz
Bu makalede Mukâtil b. Süleyman’ın (ö. 150/767) tefsirindeki tevhid vurgusu incelenmekte ve söz konusu vurgunun gerekçesi ortaya konmaktadır. Tefsirdeki tevhid vurgusunun genel itibarıyla iki türde tezahür ettiği tespit edilmektedir. Bunlar müfessirin lafızlara doğrudan tevhid anlamı verdiği ve dolaylı olarak tevhide hamlettiği kısımlardır. Mukâtil’in tevhid temasını, tefsirinin temel konularından biri haline getirdiği anlaşılmaktadır. Makalede müfessirin doğup büyüdüğü coğrafyada hâkim olan dinî kültürün onu tevhid vurgusuna sevk ettiği iddia edilmektedir. Mukâtil’in memleketi Belh, İslam fetihlerinden önce Budizm’in önemli uğrak noktalarından biridir. Nevbahâr gibi meşhur Budist tapınağının Belh’te bulunması, bu tapınaktaki putların çeşitli mücevherlerle süslenmesi ve Çinli Budist seyyah ve hacıların dinî ve ilmî gayelerle burayı ziyaret etmeleri Belh ve Budizm ilişkisini gösteren verilerdir. Müslüman müellifler nezdinde Budizm, tevhidin karşıtı olan şirke tekabül etmektedir. Mukâtil’in yaşadığı çağda o coğrafyada Budist etkiler varlığını sürdürmektedir. Müfessirin tevhid vurguları, bu arka plan bilgisiyle anlaşılır hale gelmektedir. Makalede tefsir muhtevasını şekillendiren bir unsur olması hasebiyle coğrafyanın etkisini göstermek amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada metin analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Systems for Genetic Assessment of the Impact of Environmental Factors
Authors: Kislyak Sergey , Dugan Olexii , Yalovenko Olena
Published: June 2024

One of the most important components of environmental protection is the development of hygiene standards aimed at shielding the human population from the adverse effects of environmental pollution. The European and American Chemical Societies have reported approximately 800,000 chemicals, with no available information on potential risks to human genetic health and negative environmental impact. Given the exponential increase in chemical compounds generated by humanity in various industries, the issue of effectivly identifying and accounting for various genetic and carcinogenic hazards is particularle relevant. The assessment of potential genotoxicity of environmental factors is an integral part of genetic safety assessment for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, including humans. The evaluation of the genetic activity of chemical compounds is a fundamentsl requirement for their comprehensive toxicological assessment. From the perspective of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of influence, our review considers standard methods for detecting and assessing the potential genetic hazard associated with environmental factors. These methods are part of a standard, generally accepted test system battery. Additionally, the review covers some modern experimental methods that are not widely accepted today. A detailed analysis of approaches to the assessment of potential genetic mutagenic activity was carried out, presenting their main advantages and disadvantages. Taking into account the recommendations issued by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Deve­lopment on testing hazardous chemical compounds that may affect human health, an attempt was made to find optimal approaches to solving the task of predicting genetic effects and their consequences for humans.
The enigma of cancer polyploidy as deciphered by evolutionary cancer cell biology (ECCB)
Authors: Niculescu Vladimir F. , Niculescu Eugenia R.
Published: June 2024

Evolutionary cancer cell biology reveals that the majority of cancer hallmarks trace their origins back to the premetazoic era. These cancer stem cell hallmarks share deep homology with the oxygen-sensitive non-gametogenic (NG) Urgermline, which evolved from the common ancestor of amoebozoan, metazoan, and fungi (AMF). The genes, gene modules, and gene regulatory networks (GRNs) of the premetazoic cell system are preserved in the ancestral genome compartment of metazoans and humans. The Urgermline serves as a blueprint for all germ and stem cell lineages, including parasitic amoebae. As observed in amoebae, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) manifest in the homologous recombination (HR) genes of NG germlines and stem cell lineages when exposed to specific hyperoxic conditions, referred to as AMF hyperoxia, characterized by an oxygen content exceeding 6.0%. The cells lose their stemness and differentiation potential but persist in proliferation as low-grade polyploids (4n) through defective symmetric cell division (DSCD). Genomic integrity can be restored through homotypic cell and nuclear fusion, resulting in the formation of high-grade polyploids known as multinucleated genome repair syncytia, or by inductive hyperpolyploidization of more than 64n, as observed in single-celled polyploid giant cancer cells. Interestingly, low-, middle-, and high-grade polyploidization are not exclusive to cancer and protists. Therefore, we investigate (i) functional polyploidies of healthy cells, including humans, mammals, and protists; (ii) dysfunctional polyploidies of cells with impaired HR and irreparable DNA-DSB defects; and (iii) the restoration of genome integrity through cyst-like and high-grade polyploidization events. Additionally, we explore dysfunction in aging stem cells, hepatocytes, and cardiomyocytes.
Euclidean Relativity Solves the Hubble Constant Tension
Authors: Niemz Markolf H.
Published: June 2024

Special relativity (SR) and general relativity (GR) describe nature in “subjective concepts” (concepts of an observer). Typical examples are relative spacetime, waves, and particles. Despite the Lorentz covariance of SR and the general covariance of GR, an observer’s perspective is always egocentric. Coordinate-free formulations of SR/GR or multiple egocentric perspectives do not provide a “holistic view of nature” (comprehensive view of nature from all possible perspectives at the same instant in time) because there is no absolute time in SR/GR. Here I show: Euclidean relativity (ER) describes nature in “objective concepts” (concepts that are immanent in all objects). “Pure distance” replaces spatial and temporal distance. “Pure energy” replaces wave and particle. Each object’s proper space d1, d2, d3 and its proper time τ span an absolute 4D Euclidean spacetime (ES), where d1, d2, d3 and d4 = cτ are pure distances. All energy moves through ES at the speed of light c. An object’s proper time flows in the direction of its 4D motion. Thus, there is a relative 4D vector “flow of proper time”. The invariant parameter is absolute, cosmic time t. An observer’s reality is created by projecting ES orthogonally to his proper space and to his proper time. ER compares to a “heliocentric model 2.0”, where the sun is the center of our solar system but not of our galaxy. That model provides a holistic view from “beyond” (outside) our galaxy. ER provides a holistic view from beyond each observer’s reality. In conclusion, SR/GR remain valid in each observer’s reality. ER describes the master reality ES and solves 15 mysteries geometrically—without field equations, dark energy, and non-locality. A holistic view holds more information than all egocentric perspectives taken together.
Metaverse of Things (MoT) Applications for Revolutionizing Urban Living in Smart Cities
Authors: Alam Tanweer
Published: June 2024

The Metaverse of Things (MoT) is an advanced technology that has the potential to revolutionise urban living in the present era. This article explores the advantages, uses, and transformative outcomes of MoT in smart cities. The covered subjects encompass sustainability, urban planning, citizen participation, infrastructure management, and various more. MoT integrates the Internet of Things (IoT) with metaverse technologies. The ultimate objective is to develop virtual environments that are highly interactive, interconnected, and immersive while maintaining a high level of fidelity to reality. The IoT utilises virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and other digital technologies to gather data, facilitate communication, and automate certain processes, thereby enhancing several elements of urban living. It is all a component of the metaverse. The IoT will bring about a profound transformation in the way cities gather and utilise data to enhance services and optimise efficiency. Cities that can efficiently distribute this data can enhance public safety, optimise energy usage, regulate traffic, and manage waste properly. MoT apps that utilise immersive technologies and the IoT can be used to generate more intelligent and captivating cityscapes. The implementation of MoT can greatly enhance the quality of life for residents of smart cities through improvements in transportation, healthcare, education, and community engagement. The study's author examined how smart cities utilise the IoT to enhance the daily experiences of their inhabitants. This study examines the technical structure, possible advantages, and difficulties of implementing MoT in urban settings, aiming to enhance the resilience, responsiveness, and adaptability of cities. The findings emphasise the importance of robust legislative frameworks, stringent security requirements, and well-developed infrastructure to facilitate the extensive use of MoT technology. These factors are crucial for establishing a highly interconnected and efficient urban environment.
Research on the Anti-fatigue Effect and Mechanism of Arecoline in Sleep Deprived-Induced Mouse Fatigue
Authors: Wang Danyang , Sun Yuan , Liu Jiameng , Sun Jing , Fan Bei , Lu Cong , Wang Fengzhong
Published: June 2024

Objective: This research was aimed to estimate the anti-fatigue effects of arecoline and elucidate its underlying mechanisms using a murine model of central fatigue precipitated by sleep deprivation (SD).
Methods: Seventy-two male C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated into six groups: a control group, a SD-induced fatigue model group, a group receiving Rhodiola Rosea capsules (2.5 mg/kg), and arecoline groups administered low, medium, and high doses (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, respectively). Following 28 days of continuous administrations, the effects of arecoline on the mouse fatigue-related behaviors was assessed by the behavioral tests, including grip strength, rotarod performance, and weight-bearing swimming endurance. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were utilized to measure the levels of the relevant biochemical markers. Western blotting was employed to quantify the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), sequestosome-1 (p62), and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in the gastrocnemius muscle.
Results: Arecoline administration notably enhanced grip strength, delayed the onset of fatigue as evidenced by extended latencies in rotarod tests, and increased the duration of weight-bearing swimming in mice. In the elevated plus maze, arecoline significantly reduced both the number of entries and the total distance traveled in the open arms. Arecoline markedly decreased serum levels of creatine kinase, blood urea nitrogen, lactate dehydrogenase, triglycerides, and cholesterol, while elevated total testosterone, lactate dehydrogenase, and immunoglobulin G levels. Furthermore, it significantly increased superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), and glutathione peroxidase activity in the gastrocnemius muscle, reduced malondialdehyde levels, augmented hippocampal SOD and CAT activity, and elevated glycogen stores in both liver and muscle tissues. Neurotransmitter levels were significantly increased, cytokine levels were markedly reduced, and the expression of Nrf2, Keap1, NQO1, p62, and HO-1 in brain tissue was significantly upregulated.
Conclusion: The current study for the first time demonstrated that arecoline has significant anti-fatigue activity, and its mechanism of action is related to elevate the levels of glucose and lipid metabolism, relieve oxidative stress damage, inhibit neuroinflammatory response, regulate neurotransmitter levels and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. The current study provides a new insight into the potential of arecoline in prevention and improvement of fatigue.
A New Fuzzy Backstepping Control Based on RBF Neural Network for Vibration Suppression of Flexible Manipulator
Authors: Wei Zhiyong , Zheng Qingchun , Zhu Peihao , Ma Wenpeng , Deng Jieyong
Published: June 2024

Flexible manipulators have been widely used in industrial production. However, due to the poor rigidity of the flexible manipulator, it is easy to generate vibration. It will reduce the working accuracy and service life of the flexible manipulator. It is necessary to suppress the vibration during the operation of the flexible manipulator. Based on the energy method and Hamilton principle, the partial differential equations of the flexible manipulator are established. Secondly, an improved radial basis function (RBF) neural network is combined with the fuzzy backstepping method to identify and suppress the random vibration during the operation of the flexible manipulator, and the Lyapunov function and control law are designed. Finally, Simulink was used to build a simulation platform, three different external disturbances were set up, and the effect of vibration suppression was observed through the change curves of the final velocity error and displacement error. Compared with RBF neural network boundary control method and RBF neural network inversion method, the simulation results show that the effect of RBF neural network fuzzy inversion method is better than the previous two control methods, the system convergence is faster, and the equilibrium position error is smaller.
Analysis of Complex Entities in Algebra B
Authors: Bermejo Valdés Alejandro Jesús
Published: June 2024

We present an exploration of algebra B, a recently published unital and non-associative algebra. Unique complex entities emerged from this algebra, distinct from both quaternion and complex number systems, which we termed treons. We defined the treonic number system and established an isomorphism between this system and the real vector space. Our findings revealed that the treonic representation maintained structural integrity under the defined operations. Based on this foundation, we proceed to determine Euler identity for algebra B within the treonic system. By presenting the fundamental definitions and properties of algebra B, we derived a generalized version of Euler identity applicable within this algebra. This formula revealed the emergence of hyperbolic trigonometric entities, extending the applicability of Euler identity beyond traditional complex numbers. Our results provide a theoretical foundation for a deeper understanding of the properties and behaviors of complex entities within this expanded algebraic framework, thus enabling new theoretical developments and practical applications in the realms of advanced mathematics and theoretical physics.
The Interactions between Smoking and Sleep
Authors: Grigoriou Ioanna , Kotoulas Serafeim - Chrysovalantis , Porpodis Konstantinos , Spyratos Dionysios , Papagiouvanni Ioanna , Tsantos Alexandros , Michailidou Anastasia , Mourelatos Constantinos , Mouratidou Christina , Alevroudis Ioannis , Marneri Alexandra , Pataka Athanasia
Published: June 2024

Smoking a cigarette before bed or first thing in the morning is a common habit. In this review the relationship between smoking and sleep is investigated, based on the existing literature. Tobacco smoking disrupts sleep architecture by reducing slow wave and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and undermining sleep quality. Furthermore, smoking affects sleep-related co-morbidities, such as obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), insomnia, parasomnias, arousals, bruxism, restless legs but also non-sleep-related conditions such as cardiovascular, metabolic, respiratory, neurologic, psychiatric, inflammatory, gynecologic and pediatric. This review aims to consolidate all the existing knowledge about the relationship between smoking and sleep.
PET-CT in Polymyalgia Rheumatica: When and for what—A Critical Review
Authors: Heras-Recuero Elena , Blázquez-Sánchez Teresa , Landaeta-Kancev Laura Cristina , Martínez de Bourio-Allona Marta , Torres-Roselló Arantxa , Rengifo-García Fernando , Caraballo-Salazar Claritza , Largo Raquel , Castañeda Santos , González-Gay Miguel Angel
Published: June 2024

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory disease common in people aged 50 years and older. This condition is characterized by the presence of pain and stiffness involving mainly the shoulder and pelvic girdle. Besides the frequent association with giant cell arteritis (GCA), several conditions may mimic PMR or present with PMR features. Since the diagnosis is basically clinical, an adequate diagnosis of this condition is usually required. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) has proved to be a useful tool for the diagnosis of PMR. The use of 18F-FDG-PET imaging appears promising as it provides detailed information on inflammatory activity that may not be evident with traditional methods. However, since PET-CT is not strictly necessary for the diagnosis of PMR, clinicians should consider several situations in which this imaging technique can be used in patients with suspected PMR.
Lonely but No Longer Alone: A Review of First‐Ever Clinical Guidelines on Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults
Authors: Hoang Peter M. , Conn David
Published: June 2024

Social isolation and loneliness are major public health concerns and are associated with morbidity and mortality. As this is an increasing issue in older adults, guidance for healthcare providers is a priority. The Canadian Coalition for Senior’s Mental Health (CCSMH) has de-veloped the first Canadian social isolation and loneliness guidelines to help providers recog-nize, assess, and manage social isolation and loneliness among older adults. We review and summarize these guidelines to support healthcare to apply best practices and evidence based care for older adults experiencing social isolation and loneliness.
Building Nonlinear, Systemic Bow Ties, Using Functional Barriers
Authors: Slater David H. , Hill Rees
Published: June 2024

Although it’s been some forty years since we started to teach combined modified Fault Tree / Event Tree acyclic digraphs, as much simpler Bow Tie diagrams, their popularity seems undimmed; as their pictorial and focussed discussion prompts, fulfil a valuable function in the safe design and operation of hazardous plants and installations. An excellent review of the current state of the art and an authoritative treatise on the terminology and issues involved has been produced as an internationally recognised standard for using the approach. But just as this model has augmented and helped formalise previous pictorial tools, (such as “Dominoes” and holey “Cheese” slices), this paper suggests and sets out to show how we can build on even this current cornerstone of practice and augment its versatility; with the ability to obtain, what engineers rely on, some more quantitative insights from these pictures. “Layers Of Protection Analysis” (LOPA), has already demonstrated a way of pulling together more quantitative predictions from the pictures. This paper would go further and by concentrating on the function not the physicality of a barrier, outlines a methodology that can extend, not just the quantification ability of the LOPA extension, but present a much more holistic view of how the Barriers, as functions, need to work together, interact and interdepend; often in nonlinear, unexpected ways, to give system designers and operators a much clearer view of actual performance predictions.
Corporate Sustainability Strategies and Performance of Manufacturing Firms: A Visionary Leadership among Industry Managers in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Abdulrazak Shehu Usman , Bello Taofik A.
Published: June 2024

Manufacturing firms need to streamline their initiatives in line with 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) 2030 as a means for improving performance. This research adapts SDG’s goals 8 decent job and economic growth’ as a measure of performance, in examine the effect of corporate sustainability strategies on performance of manufacturing firms. Census sampling technique was used in cross sectional survey of 900 multi-industry managers from one hundred and fifty (150) manufacturing firms in Kano, Nigeria. A five Likert scale, well-structured questionnaire was used in collecting data, analysed by Structural Equation Modelling SEM PLS Package. The study shows positive and significant effect of eco-efficiency, and positive and insignificant effect of both legitimation and risk mitigation strategies on performance respectively. The study concluded that the positive and significant effects of eco efficiency initiatives could be due to benefits derived from total quality management system, energy monitoring, and process safety management reflected in sustainability oriented visionary leadership of the managers. The positive and insignificant effects of legitimation initiatives could be as a result of huge spending on sustainability reporting, and corruption. The positive and insignificant effect of risk mitigation could be due to pro-activeness of the firms’ managers in tackling risk through sustainability oriented visionary leadership. The study recommended firms should adopt conservative eco-efficiency initiatives for improving performance and stop adopting extroverted legitimation and introverted risk mitigation strategies as both have no significant effect on performance. Future researchers should use longitudinal research design using financial metrics adopting the same independent variables in other economic sectors.
Hyperuricemia: Current State and Prospects
Authors: Zhang Wei-Zheng
Published: June 2024

Hyperuricemia (HU), characterized by elevated uric acid (UA) levels in the blood, represents a global health concern associated with various conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, gout, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, renal dysfunction, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review offers a contemporary analysis of HU, encompassing its causes, associated health risks, diagnosis, treatment, and future outlook. Recent studies have underscored the multifaceted origin of HU, implicating genetic predisposition, dietary patterns, lifestyle choices, and environmental influences. Genetic variations affecting enzymes and transporters involved in purine metabolism and UA excretion have been identified, laying the groundwork for personalized treatment strategies. Advances in diagnostic imaging and omics technologies provide enhanced precision in the detection and evaluation of risks. While pharmacological interventions remain central to managing HU, persistent challenges such as treatment resistance prompt exploration of novel drug targets and lifestyle modifications. Chinese herbal medicines offer a potentially alternative approach with fewer side effects. Emerging research on the impact of gut microbiota on UA metabolism opens new therapeutic avenues. Despite progress, challenges such as optimizing treatment duration and understanding long-term effects persist. Collaborative efforts are crucial to address these challenges and advance our comprehension of HU. The integration of precision medicine and holistic patient care approaches holds promise for improving outcomes and enhancing quality of life for individuals with HU.
Unification: inflation and dark epochs from multi-field theory.
Authors: Guendelman Eduardo L , Herrera Ramon
Published: June 2024

A two scalar field model that incorporates non Riemannian Measures of integration or usually called Two Measures Theory (TMT) is introduced, in order to unify the early and present universe. In the Einstein frame, a K-essence is generated and as a consequence for the early universe, we can have an Inflation for the very early universe and then, after inflation, an early dark energy period and a late dark energy period for the present universe dark, both dark energy epochs have a consistent generation of dark energy (DE), dark matter (DM) and stiff matter. This is obtained when the scale invariance is introduced and then is spontaneously broken from the integration of the degrees of freedom associated with the modified measures. The resulting effective potentials and K-essence in the Einstein frame produce the three flat regions corresponding to the different epochs mentioned before. For the first flat region, we can associate an inflationary universe. Also assuming this first plateau, we study the inflation in the framework of the slow-roll approximation. In this scenario under the slow roll approximation, we obtain a linear combination that is a constant. The corresponding cosmological perturbations in our model are determined and we also obtain the different constraints on the parameter-space from the Planck data.
The slow roll approximation can be arranged so that the transition from inflation to the next flat region can be achieved without problems.
In the following two flat regions, in addition to the inflation phase, representing the Early Dark Energy and Late Dark Energy Periods, with DE and also the DM, do not need to be introduced separately, they are instead a result of a K-essence induced by the multi measures, multi field theory. Therefore the scalars generate both the DE and the DM . Also a stiff matter component is automatically generated from the K-essence theory from two scalar fields. From the perturbative analysis associated to the perturbation solution of background, we find a correlation between the two scalars. Besides, we obtain that our model during the
dark epoch has a behaviour of tracking freezing mode
Well-being of Emotional Labor Force: A Case of Healthcare Workers at a Government District Hospital in Rumphi, North Malawi
Authors: Mwanza Brave , Soko Margret , Njunga Doreen , Zgambo Donalia
Published: June 2024

This study addresses a gap in literature by comprehensively analyzing the emotional well-being of healthcare workers. Methods: The study employed an analytical cross-sectional design utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methodologies among 84 healthcare workers. Quantitative data was analyzed using STATA version 17 while qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Ethical approval was sought from the University of Livingstonia Research Ethics Committee (UNILIA-REC). Results: 88% of the participants had experienced verbal abuse; stress and anger, 87% emotional tiredness, 22% depression, and 4% physical abuse. Emotional tiredness was associated with department (p=0.004) and work demand (p=0.0047), stress and anger were associated with experience (p=0.033), department (p=0.002) and work demand (p=0.002), depression was associated with age (p=0.035), experience (p=0.025), cadre (p=0.046), staffing (p=0.005) and work demand(p=0.044), verbal abuse was associated with department (p=0.035) and physical abuse was associated with knowledge of policies (p=0.002). Being aware of emotions and controlling them was the common coping strategy used by most (26%) of the respondents. The study established that most (78%) of healthcare workers did not receive formal training on coping skills for emotional disturbances. Conclusions: Healthcare workers experience some emotional disturbances within their professional roles. There is a need for healthcare workers to be trained on how to cope with emotional disturbances.
Disparity in temporal and spatial relationships between resting-state electrophysiological and fMRI signals
Authors: Tu Wenyu , Cramer Samuel , Zhang Nanyin
Published: June 2024

Resting-state brain networks (RSNs) have been widely applied in health and disease, but the interpretation of RSNs in terms of the underlying neural activity is unclear. To address this fundamental question, we conducted simultaneous recordings of whole-brain resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) and electrophysiology signals in two separate brain regions of rats. Our data reveal that for both recording sites, spatial maps derived from band-specific local field potential (LFP) power can account for up to 90% of the spatial variability in RSNs derived from rsfMRI signals. Surprisingly, the time series of LFP band power can only explain to a maximum of 35% of the temporal variance of the local rsfMRI time course from the same site. In addition, regressing out time series of LFP power from rsfMRI signals has minimal impact on the spatial patterns of rsfMRI-based RSNs. This disparity in the spatial and temporal relationships between resting-state electrophysiology and rsfMRI signals suggests that electrophysiological activity alone does not fully explain the effects observed in the rsfMRI signal. To reconcile this disparity, we propose a model hypothesizing that a significant component of the rsfMRI signal is driven by neural activities that are not directly captured by electrophysiology, yet are active in neurovascular coupling. These "electrophysiology-invisible" signals exhibit weak temporal correlation with electrophysiology data. However, due to the shared anatomical backbone constraining both types of neural activities, they can produce similar spatial patterns in RSNs in parallel. These findings, along with our proposed model, offer a novel perspective on our understanding of RSN interpretation.
Concurrent infection of Babesia canis vogeli and Ehrlichia canis in a non-descriptive Indian dog
Authors: Sharma Maneesh , Kumar Tarun , Kumar Aman , Kumar Sanjay , Lata Sneh , Sharma Shalini , Jain V K
Published: June 2024

The present study reports a complicated case of co-infection by haemoprotozoan and haemorickettsiale in a two months old non descriptive male dog. The aim of present clinical study includes early diagnosis of complicated infections to make the prognosis safe. For confirmatory diagnosis, blood sample was collected for routine haemato-biochemical, blood smear examination and molecular diagnosis. Dog had history of vomition and anorexia since last one week. Clinical examination of animal revealed dullness, depression, pale conjunctival mucus membrane and decreased rectal temperature (96.20F). Haematological investigation revealed severe anaemia, neutrophilic leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Biochemical examination revealed increased plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia, hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Microscopic examination of blood smear revealed oval to pyriform bodies in groups as Babesia canis in RBC’s as well as outside the RBC’s and morula of Ehrlichia canis within the cytoplasm of monocyte. Blood sample was also processed for molecular diagnosis and confirmed positive for both the infections by PCR method. Haemato-biochemical alterations; microscopic examination and molecular diagnosis by PCR confirmed the coinfection of Babesia canis vogeli and Ehrlichia canis in affected dog and proved the infection fatal and can make the prognosis grave. Treatment was given to animal but unfortunately animal was died on the same day. Hence, the present study concludes the confirmatory diagnosis of coinfection of Babesia canis vogeli and Ehrlichia canis in dogs.
A relational approach to co-create Advance Care Planning with and for people living with dementia: a narrative study
Authors: Phenwan Tharin , Sixsmith Judith , McSwiggan Linda , Buchanan Deans
Published: June 2024

Background
Discussing Advance Care Planning (ACP) with people living with dementia (PwD) is challenging due to topic sensitivity, fluctuating mental capacity and symptom of forgetfulness. Given communication difficulties, the preferences and expectations expressed in any ACP may reflect family and healthcare professional perspectives rather than the PwD. Starting discussions early in the disease trajectory may avoid this, but many PwD may not be ready at this point for such discussions. Consequently, the optimal timing to discuss an ACP with and for PwD is undetermined. This study explored the changing needs of PwD and experiences of social contexts that influence ACP initiation and revision and aimed to identify the optimal time to discuss an ACP with PwD.
Methods
Narrative online and telephone interviews were conducted with 13 PwD and 23 family carers. Participants were recruited via the Join Dementia Research (JDR) Platform. Narrative analysis was used to identify patterns in the data, generating three narratives: Shifting Expectations; Relational Interdependency and Trigger Points.
Results
The Shifting Expectations narrative indicated that PwD’s needs shifted to co-constructed needs with their family as PwD’s independence declined. This was reflected in the Relational interdependency narrative where PwD almost always co-created and revised their ACPs with trusted key persons who provided relational support. The Trigger points narrative indicated various points in time when PwD can effectively initiate and revise their ACPs, ranging from before the diagnosis to years afterwards, challenging the current suggestion of an early ACP initiation.
Conclusions
This study highlighted the changing co-constructed needs between PwD and their families that influence how PwD initiate and revise their ACP. The identification of ACP trigger points - the pivotal events throughout the dementia journey - that prompt PwD and family members to discuss their ACPs were suggested, indicating that PwD can initiate and revise their ACPs throughout the disease trajectory provided relational support is available whereby key persons involved in their care are involved and agree with the decisions being made. Therefore, an alternative, relational approach to ACP with and for PwD is recommended.
The Ecological Tapestry of Lonar Crater: Biodiversity, Conservation Challenges, and Preservation Strategies of the Ecosystem
Authors: Dighe Bhushan B. , Singh M. R. , Ragde Rajesh , Maurya Satish
Published: June 2024

The Lonar Crater, a geological marvel located in Buldana District of India’s Maharashtra state, stands as a unique testament to Earth's natural history, formed around 30,000-50,000 years ago by a meteorite impact on Deccan Plateau basalts. The floral and faunal study of Lonar Lake is a comprehensive research endeavor aimed at understanding the biodiversity and ecological dynamics of this unique ecosystem. The study covered various significant points around the lake spanning a total distance of 3.2 km (aerial) and then back to the Lonar Lake entry point. The main objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of native flora and fauna and to assess the impact of introduced species on the native biodiversity of the area. This study deals into the diverse flora and fauna of the Lonar ecosystem, revealing 85 plant species, including natives, naturalized, and introduced varieties, alongside a rich avian and reptilian fauna. However, presently the ecosystem faces challenges, including invasive species, deforestation, and pollution. This research underscores the urgency of conservation efforts to protect Lonar's ecological balance and preserve its unique biodiversity.
Comparison of RSM, ANN, and ANFIS in predicting the weld strength of Laser transmission welds of oak wood powder-reinforced polypropylene absorbent part.
Authors: Kapuyanyika Munyaradzi , Ude Albert Uchenna , Chinnasamy Vivekanandhan
Published: June 2024

This study examines the feasibility of Laser transmission welding(LTW) of a 100% homo-polypropylene transparent part joined to an absorbent part composed of 15% wt white oak wood fiber reinforced homo-polypropylene doped with 0.2% carbon black in lap-joint configuration. Focus is given to investigating the influence of process parameters, namely laser power, welding speed, stand-off distance, and clamp pressure on the laser welded joints of polypropylene joined to plant-based polypropylene composite and the feasibility of weld strength prediction using Response Surface Method (RSM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). Results showed that stand-off distance was the most crucial factor affecting weld strength, followed by welding speed. Laser power and clamp pressure had insignificant effects on weld strength in the design space studied in this paper. The coefficient of determination (R2) was (0.90), (0.93), and (0.99) for the RSM model, the ANN model, and the ANFIS model, respectively. All the prediction models exhibited acceptable mean absolute error percentages and root-mean-square errors. The results suggested a satisfactory performance in predicting weld strength for the specified materials in this study's specified parameter design space. The ANFIS model showed the best predictions, followed by the ANN and RSM models.
The relationship between kindergarten teachers' emotional intelligence and classroom management ability: An investigative study with latent profile analysis
Authors: Di Huijuan , Lun Yuting , Zhang Beibei
Published: June 2024

Objective
To explore the potential categories of preschool teachers' emotional intelligence and its influence on classroom management ability, and to provide a theoretical basis for improving preschool teachers' classroom management ability. Methods: In March, 2023, 496 preschool teachers from all districts and counties in Hebei Province were selected by cluster sampling, and a cross-sectional survey was conducted by using the Emotional Intelligence Scale and the Classroom Management Ability Scale. The potential profile analysis is used to construct different potential categories of emotional intelligence, and the influence of emotional intelligence on classroom management ability was analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results: There are three potential types of emotional intelligence of preschool teachers: low emotional intelligence (20.8%), medium emotional intelligence (59.9%) and high emotional intelligence (20.8%). There are significant differences in the EQ level of preschool teachers in the aspects of teachers' age, marital status, kindergarten types and locations. Compared with low emotional intelligence group, middle emotional intelligence group and high emotional intelligence group can positively predict classroom management ability (β = 0.39, 0.75; p <. 001); The organization of teaching activities for classroom management ability (β = 0.41, 0.76; p <. 001), teacher-child interaction (β = 0.36, 0.71; p <. 001), creating a classroom environment (β = 0.36, 0.73; p <. 001), order maintenance (β = 0.16, 0.30; p <. 001), children's participation (β = 0.29, 0.72; p <. 001) has a positive predictive function. Conclusion: There are three potential categories of preschool teachers' emotional intelligence, which have a positive predictive effect on classroom management.
Sociodemographic and Ocular Factors Associated with Glaucoma ER Care: A Retrospective Analysis from an Eye Emergency Room
Authors: Shukla Aakriti , Ramesh Sunidhi , Abishek Robert , Cherkas Elliot , Shalaby Wesam , Zhang Qiang (Ed) , Chung Christine , Haqqie Nadie , Kolomeyer Natasha , Lee Daniel , Razeghinejad Reza , Myers Jonathan
Published: June 2024

Objective: To describe the demographic factors and clinical characteristics associated with the utilization of an eye emergency room resulting in glaucoma care referral.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Subjects: All patients seen at the Wills Eye Emergency Room (ER) from October 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021, who were referred for glaucoma care.
Methods and Measures: Demographic data were collected. Blindness in one or both eyes was defined as BCVA ≤20/200.1
Results: 7438 patients presented to the ER during the study period, and 192 (2.6%) were referred for glaucoma care. Of the 108 patients who provided ophthalmic history, 76 (70.4%) patients (40.8% unilaterally blind and 5.3% bilaterally blind) received a new diagnosis of definite or suspected glaucoma in the ER. 43 of 192 (22.4%) patients required urgent glaucoma procedural intervention after the ER visit; 28 (65.1%) were given a new diagnosis of definite or suspected glaucoma in the ER. 31 of 192 (16.2%) patients were uninsured; they were more likely to be younger in age (54.4 ± 14.5 years vs. 61.8 ± 15.7 years; P=0.016) and to speak a primary language other than English (16.1% vs. 5.6%; P=0.042) as compared to insured patients.
Conclusion: Over a 6-month period, glaucoma represented a small subset of ER visits but resulted in a new diagnosis of definite or suspected glaucoma in the majority of cases, of whom 46.1% were unilaterally or bilaterally blind. Almost two-thirds of those with a new diagnosis required an urgent glaucoma procedural intervention after the ER visit.
Investigating PCB degradation by Indigenous Fungal Strains Isolated from the Transformer Oil-Contaminated Site: Degradation Kinetics, Bayesian Network, Artificial Neural Networks, QSAR with DFT, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Singh Ningthoujam Samarendra , Mukherjee Irani
Published: June 2024

The widespread prevalence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the environment has raised major concerns due to the associated risks to human health, wildlife, and ecological systems. Here, we investigated the degradation kinetics, Bayesian Network (BN), Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship-Density Functional Theory (QSAR-DFT), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Molecular docking (MD) and Molecular dynamics stimulation (MS) of PCBs biodegradation i.e. PCB-10, PCB-28, PCB-52, PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-180 in the soil system using fungi isolated from the transformer oil-contaminated sites. Results revealed that the efficacy of PCBs biodegradation best fits the first-order kinetics (R2 ≥ 0.93). The consortium treatment (29.44–74.49%) exhibited more efficient degradation of PCBs than those of Aspergillus tamarii (27.09–71.25%), Corynespora cassiicola sp. MN69 (23.76–57.37%), and Corynespora cassiicola sp. MN70 (23.09–54.98%). 3'-methoxy-2, 4, 4'-trichloro-biphenyl as an intermediate derivative was detected in the fungal consortium treatment. The BN analysis predicted that the biodegradation efficiency of PCBs ranged from 11.6–72.9%. The ANN approach showed the importance of quantum chemical descriptors (QCD) i.e., LUMO > Molecular weight > Ionization Potential > No. of Chlorine > HOMU in PCBs removal. Furthermore, the QSAR-DFT model between the QCD and rate constant (Log K) exhibited a high fit and good robustness of R2 = 99.12% in predicting ability. The MD and MS analyses showed the lowest binding energy through Normal Mode Analysis (NMA), implying stability in the interactions of the docked complexes. These findings provide crucial insights for devising strategies focused on natural attenuation, holding substantial potential for mitigating PCBs contamination within the environment.
Deep Learning Approaches for COVID-19 Detection from CT Scans and Chest X-Rays: A Comparative Study of VGG, ResNet, Inception, and Xception Models
Authors: M Balaji , C Venkata Arun Kumar , S Ayyasamy
Published: June 2024

Accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 is critical for patient management and disease control. In this study, we evaluate the performance of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models, including VGG, ResNet, Inception, and Xception, for COVID-19 detection using CT scans and chest X-ray images. Leveraging deep learning algorithms and multiple layers such as Conv2D, MaxPooling2D, Flatten, and Dense, we analyze medical images to identify COVID-19 patterns. Through comprehensive dataset training and evaluation, we assess model accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Our findings highlight the potential of CNN-based approaches for accurate COVID-19 diagnosis from chest radiography images, contributing to the development of advanced diagnostic tools in combating the pandemic.