bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conservation genetics of Mahogany Gliders and insights into their evolutionary relationship with Squirrel Gliders
Authors: Chang Yiyin , Bertola Lorenzo V. , Zenger Kyall R. , Hoskin Conrad J.
Published: October 2024

Squirrel Gliders (Petaurus norfolcensis) are widely distributed throughout the woodlands of eastern Australia, while the similar but larger Mahogany Glider (Petaurus gracilis) inhabits the coastal woodlands of the Wet Tropics in northeastern Queensland. The Mahogany Glider is an Endangered species due to habitat loss and fragmentation. To inform effective conservation management, this study used single nucleotide polymorphism markers (SNPs) from field and museum-derived samples to investigate genetic relationships within the Squirrel/Mahogany Glider complex and conduct a conservation genetics assessment for the Mahogany Glider. Analyses of genetic structure, phylogenomics, and outlier loci identified four genetic groups: Mahogany Glider and three distinct groups in Squirrel Gliders (North Queensland, Cape Cleveland, and mid-eastern/south-eastern Queensland). We found genetic admixture between these groups, but whether the admixture is historic or current remains unclear. Gliders from North Queensland were genetically more similar to Mahogany Gliders in some analyses than to the other Squirrel Glider groups. Morphological analysis confirmed that Mahogany Gliders are distinguishable from other gliders by their larger body size and longer tail. The study emphasizes the taxonomic uncertainty in the Mahogany-Squirrel Glider complex and the need to investigate glider populations at contact zones. When assessing Mahogany Gliders alone, we found a clear north-south split in genetic structuring, with the southern cluster being more structured than the northern cluster. Genetic diversity within Mahogany Gliders was generally comparable to that of Squirrel Gliders, but some sampling localities indicated loss of genetic diversity and low effective population size. Regardless of whether Mahogany Gliders are classified as a species or subspecies, their Endangered status underscores the need for targeted conservation efforts. The genetic findings offer practical pathways for on-ground management to enhance population recovery and connectivity.
Availability and Stock Levels of Essential Medicines in Government Healthcare Institutions of Different Settings in a Rural District in Sri Lanka: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Bopage Janani Buddhika Rathnaweera , Yapa Anura Abeysinghe Jayawardhana , Wickramasinghe Nadeesha Dilmi Dias , Abayawardana Chinta , Tennekoon Janitha Chandanie Manike , Fernandopulle Rohini
Published: October 2024

Background: The availability of essential medicines (EMs) is an important aspect of quality healthcare services. This study aimed to assess the availability, stock-out periods, record-keeping, presence of expired medicines, and conservation and handling of selected EMs across different levels of Government Healthcare Institutions (GHCIs) in Monaragala, one of the rural districts in Sri Lanka.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted, with retrospective data collection methods where necessary. Six GHCIs representing four different levels of care were selected in Monaragala District, Sri Lanka. EMs for 23 diseases were selected from the National Essential Medicine List (EML) of Sri Lanka. Data was collected using survey forms adapted from the WHO operational package for assessing, monitoring, and evaluating country pharmaceutical situations (WHO-OP). Ethics review approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee, the Open University of Sri Lanka, and institutional permissions were obtained from the relevant authorities.
Results: The average availability of selected EMs was fairly high (77.1%) in the Monaragala district, while the “highest” availability (80.49%) was recorded by divisional hospitals type B. The highest average stock-out days (66 days) were reported from the Divisional Hospital- Type C. Only Divisional Hospital- Type A reported having expired medicines on shelves (2.43%). All six GHCIs reported more than 80.49% for record-keeping on medicines. Divisional Hospital Type-A reported having the lowest score for warehouse management.
Conclusions: The availability of EMs at the GHCIs of the Monaragala district was fairly high. Record keeping of EMs was high while the average number of stock-out days varied per institution. Conservation and handling practices of the store rooms and dispensing areas of the GHCIs in the Monaragala district should be further improved.
Indonesian Adolescents’ Perceptions of Front-of-package Labels on Packaged Food and Drinks
Authors: Gonzalez Wendy , Sari Eny Kurnia , Sutrisn Aang , Felix Zineb , Dibyasari Adhika Dwita , Ernada Nabila , Taillie Lindsey S.
Published: October 2024

Background
Indonesia faces a multi-faceted public health issue, with a shift in dietary patterns leading to increases in overweight and obesity. Unhealthy dietary behaviors arise with increased accessibility to ultra-processed foods and a concurrent drive towards increased autonomy.
Objective
To explore Indonesian adolescents’ drivers of food choice, perceptions of different front-of-package labels (FOPLs), and views on design features that could influence the impact of FOPLs.
Methods
Eight focus groups were conducted with 46 participants aged 12–18, of different socioeconomic status from Jakarta metropolitan areas. Three FOPLs were tested, and the selection of snacks was guided by interviews with four adolescents. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) nutrient profile and the UK nutrient profile were used for the warning label and traffic light label (TLL), respectively. Participants completed a demographics questionnaire, then an online assessment and discussion that encompassed food purchasing decisions, reactions to each of the FOPLs, comparison of FOPLs, and comparing alternative label designs for each FOPL type. Thematic analysis and the Likert scale were used for quantitative and qualitative analysis, respectively.
Results
Price, taste, and value were the major drivers of food purchasing. While most participants said the TLL would make them stop and think (57%) and helped them identify unhealthy food (80%), few believed the label would make them concerned about purchasing unhealthy food (37%). Few participants (35–37%) agreed that any of the three label types would make them not want to buy unhealthy foods or discourage them from purchasing unhealthy foods (26%-28%).
Conclusions
Traffic light and warning labels hold promise for helping adolescents in Indonesia identify unhealthy foods and discourage purchases of these products, while healthy icons are perceived as less effective.
Perception among doctors of Pakistan about using Bariatric Surgery in Morbidly Obese Patients
Authors: Abdullah Areeba Abdullah , Haroon Madiha , Siddiqi Faisal , Beg Mirza Arshad , Abidi Syeda Saroosh , Mansoor Javeria , Rehman Areeba
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Obesity is a global epidemic, with Pakistan being the ninth most obese country, affecting one in four individuals. Literature suggests that less than 1% of eligible patients opt for bariatric surgery, indicating its underutilization. This is due to physicians' limited understanding of its effectiveness, which affects referral rates. This study aims to evaluate doctors' perceptions of bariatric surgery, including its benefits and complications.
Methods
This multicenter cross-sectional study, conducted from January to September 2024, included doctors of varying training levels and specialties. Data were collected using non-probability convenience sampling and analysed with STATA 17. P-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results
Our study involved 414 doctors, mostly females (63.5%), aged 26-35 years (89.3%), with 0-5 years of experience (76.3%) and primarily from surgical and allied fields (44.4%). Nearly all respondents (96.8%) were aware of bariatric surgery as an effective weight loss tool, views on its safety varied, with 46.86% considering it safe and 21.98% viewing it as cosmetic. Complications were estimated by 41.06% to be 5-10%, and 40.1% thought they could be fatal. About 26.57% lacked confidence in discussing bariatric options, with gender-based differences (p=0.019). Most participants (90.82%), primarily from surgical and allied fields, felt more educational resources were needed, with differences across specialties (p=0.005).
Conclusion
In conclusion, although doctors acknowledge the effectiveness of bariatric surgery, concerns about safety and complications lead to reluctance in recommending it. Targeted education is essential for doctors to confidently counsel patients about bariatric surgery.
Identification of Alcoholic Hepatitis-related Genes using Liver and Blood Transcriptomes
Authors: Han Seul Ki , Lee Taesic , Lee Jin Suk , Lim Jisun , Kim Hyunsoo , Uh Young , Kim Moon Young
Published: October 2024

Background Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a widespread and life-threatening chronic liver condition that poses a risk of short-term mortality if not properly managed. Clinicians often encounter challenges due to insufficient knowledge about the underlying mechanisms of AH. This study employs a meta-analysis to identify the molecular mechanisms and potential cell therapy targets for AH. Methods We collected eight gene expression datasets, six from liver tissues and two from blood tissues, to identify AH-associated genes. Two liver datasets that had data on deaths after steroid treatment in patients with alcoholic hepatitis were also examined to uncover signatures associated with poor prognosis. Candidate genes were selected using the inverse weighted variance-based method implemented in the METAL software. We utilized prior knowledge to prioritize potential upstream genes, including a transcription factor (TF) catalog, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, disease-gene association databases, and summary statistics for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) linked to disease and expression. Results Through four stepwise meta-analyses of nine gene expression datasets, we identified the robust AH liver genes. In detail, the first, second, third, and fourth steps of meta-analysis provided the liver-specific, liver-blood, and severe-mortality meta-genes linked to AH condition, respectively. Multiple lines of evidence (TF, PPI, and SNP databases) were used to identify 29 AH-related upstream genes. Among the candidates, 14 genes were replicated in the severe acute AH mouse model. Conclusions This study presented the candidate upstream AH genes, providing a foundation for developing AH therapeutic targets.
Comparative Outcomes of Unilateral versus Bilateral Cage Placement in Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Stamiris Stavros , Stamiris Dimitrios , Anestiadou Elissavet , Sarridimitriou Athanasios , Cheva Angeliki , Loukousia Antonia , Vrangalas Vasileios , Christodoulou Pavlos , Karampalis Christos
Published: October 2024

Study design: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of unilateral versus bilateral cage placement in lumbar interbody fusion.
Summary of background data: Lumbar interbody fusion is a common surgical procedure designed to treat chronic spinal conditions. The procedure often involves the use of intervertebral cages to increase stability and promote fusion. While bilateral cage placement has traditionally been favored, recent studies have questioned its necessity.
Methods: A comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases identified eight eligible RCTs involving 509 patients. The primary outcome focused on the spinal fusion rate, whereas the secondary outcomes included surgery related outcomes (operative time, estimated blood loss, length of stay), patient-reported outcomes (visual Analog Scale, Oswestry Disability Index, patient satisfaction) and complications.
Results: The analysis revealed no significant difference in successful spinal fusion rates between the two groups (p=0.41). Unilateral cage placement was associated with significantly shorter operation time (p<0.0001) and reduced estimated blood loss (p<0.0001), whereas hospital stay was not affected by the number of cages used (p=0.24). Patient-reported outcomes, including VAS back score (p=0.61), VAS leg score (p=0.64), ODI score (p=0.23) and patient rate of results (p=0.55) showed no substantial differences between the two groups. Patients in the unilateral group had a lower overall risk for complications (p=0.03), but no difference in the risk of cage migration was noted between the two groups (p=0,97).
Conclusions: Unilateral cage placement in lumbar interbody fusion is as effective as bilateral for achieving fusion without compromising patient outcomes. Furthermore, offers significant advantages, including reduced operative time, blood loss and reduced risk for complications.
Plywood Proficiency: Navigating Quality Assurance in Manufacturing
Authors: Vashishtha Shwet Raj
Published: October 2024

Proficiency testing (PT) is a critical tool for quality assurance in plywood manufacturing, ensuring that products meet the necessary quality benchmarks and are fit for purpose. This study investigates the effectiveness of PT in identifying quality issues, analyzes the root causes of these problems, and proposes solutions for enhancing product quality. The PT scheme design includes securing ply boards conforming to IS 303:1989, ensuring the homogeneity and stability of samples, and employing robust statistical analyses. The results from eight participating laboratories for the Modulus of Rupture (MoR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MoE) were statistically evaluated, revealing some concerns regarding the performance of the material. The study concludes that PT is an essential tool for maintaining high-quality standards in the plywood industry, providing insights into laboratory performance, and highlighting areas for improvement. Recommendations for process modifications and quality control measures were provided, emphasising the importance of material selection, adhesive application, pressing parameters, and layer alignment. This study also underscores the need for in-process inspections, random sampling, end-of-line testing, traceability, employee training, quality awareness campaigns, cross-functional collaboration, and supplier audits to maintain consistent product quality and reliability.
Effectiveness of Calcium Supplementation for Improved Outcomes in Hypertensive Pregnancies in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ahiafe Saviour Selase , Gmanyami Jonthan Mawutor , Asiwome Ameko , Amuna Paul
Published: October 2024

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are common and result in a substantial health burden. Evidence from epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between calcium intake and development of hypertension in pregnancy. This study evaluated the evidence of effectiveness of calcium supplementation for improved outcomes in hypertensive pregnancies in developing countries.
Method: A systematic review was undertaken. Medline, Scopus, Hinari, and Cochrane databases were searched for literature published between 1985 to October 2020. Only RCTs published in English were included. Primary outcomes were pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and gestational hypertension. Secondary outcomes were preterm birth and low birth weight. Data were extracted from 21 selected RCTs for analysis. Meta-analysis was performed where data were available from more than one study for an outcome. Log risk ratio and the 95% confidence interval were estimated for each study. Risk ratios were directly pooled across studies using fixed-effects model if heterogeneity was absent, otherwise a random-effects model was used. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant, except for the test of heterogeneity where P<0.10 was used.
Results: Pooled analysis showed that calcium supplementation significantly reduced the risk of pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension by 49% [RR: 0.51, (95% CI: 0.38, 0.67), P<0.001] and 53% [RR: 0.47, (95% CI: 0.32, 0.69), P<0.001] respectively when compared with placebo. The best intervention for lowering risk of pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension was calcium supplement plus other co-supplements. The incidence of preterm delivery was lowered by 48% [RR: 0.52, (95% CI: 0.35, 0.78), P=0.001] in the intervention group.
Conclusion: There is strong evidence that maternal calcium supplementation is associated with improved outcomes in hypertensive pregnancies in developing countries.
Identifying the interactome of altered ion channels with lipid metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in post-COVID-19 era
Authors: George John Philip , Parthasarathi K. T. Shreya , Gaikwad Kiran Bharat , Rana Shweta , Gupta Vibha , Kaur Punit , Pandey Akhilesh , Singh Harpreet , Sharma Jyoti
Published: October 2024

The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection continues to expand its horizon through the development of diverse symptoms, particularly concerning long COVID. The patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 are being reported to develop new symptoms such as brain fog, fatigue, and other symptoms that are not limited to the respiratory system. The SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the human ion channels (HICs) and molecules involved in lipid metabolism from their entry to their egress. Here, to identify molecular alterations in HICs and lipid metabolism-related genes, transcriptomic data of 277 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients were analyzed. 287 HICs and 754 lipid metabolism-related genes were found to be differentially expressed in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Further, an interactome of altered HICs and lipid metabolism-related proteins with SARS-CoV-2 proteins was generated. Extensive data mining approach was employed to generate a pathway map highlighting alteration in several pathways including calcium signaling, long-term depression, and cholesterol metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Moreover, 17 potential drugs with known modes of action that interact with 4 altered HICs including inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (InsP3) receptors and gap junction protein alpha 1 were identified. Most likely, these HICs are potential candidates for drug repurposing in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and require further experimental validation.
A pathway to protect 30% of coastal waters by 2030
Authors: Rechberger Kristin , Mayorga Juan , Booth Mara , Sala Enric
Published: October 2024

The countries of the world agreed to protect at least 30% of the global ocean by 2030 (30x30), from the current 8% under some kind of protection. However, there is no roadmap for achieving this global target. We find that, to achieve the protection of 30% of the exclusive economic zones of countries (EEZs), the world needs to establish 190,000 new small MPAs in territorial seas alone by 2030. Despite the proven benefits of coastal MPAs to nature and people, MPAs aren’t being established at the pace required to achieve the global target. We argue that the three main obstacles to scaling coastal MPAs are lack of awareness, inadequate governance, and the wrong business models. Here we propose a novel cost-effective and scalable pathway that would enable and equip coastal communities around the world to establish and effectively manage their own local MPAs.
Differential association of inflammation with pain and physical function in knee osteoarthritis by race: Focusing on non-Hispanic Whites and Asian Americans
Authors: Lee Chiyoung , Kwoh Kent , Park Juyoung , Ahn Hyochol
Published: October 2024

Background: The current body of work has not yet addressed the potential racial differences in the relationship between systemic inflammation and knee osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms, including pain and physical function. This pilot study aimed to investigate this association specifically among non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) and Asian Americans.
Design: We cross-sectionally analyzed 40 community-dwelling participants aged 50–70 years with self-reported knee OA pain, including 20 NHWs and 20 Asian Americans. Knee OA symptoms were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain and functional subscales. The serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-10, as systemic inflammatory markers, were measured. Univariate and multivariable analyses, using stepwise linear regression models, were conducted to examine the correlation between these inflammatory markers and OA symptoms, with systematic adjustment for age.
Results: In NHWs, the above inflammatory markers did not correlate with knee pain or physical function. In Asian Americans, bivariate analyses revealed that CRP and TNF-α were associated with worse WOMAC pain scores (r = 1.325, p = .041; r = 2.418, p= .036, respectively), and CRP was also linked to worse WOMAC functional scores (r = 4.950, p = .035). Multivariate analyses confirmed the association of CRP with both worse WOMAC pain (β = 1.328, p = .046) and functional (β = 4.974, p = .034) scores in this group.
Conclusions: CRP may be a clinically relevant marker for knee OA symptoms, specifically in Asian Americans; however, caution is warranted owing to the exploratory nature of this study. Future research is set to benefit from leveraging a larger sample, incorporating additional inflammatory markers, and including racially diverse samples to validate and augment these findings.
Endogenous time of day-dependent modulation of brain activity and visual perception in humans
Authors:   , Cordani Lorenzo
Published: October 2024

Earth’s rotation and the resulting day-night cycle of solar irradiance causes rhythmic changes in environmental conditions. The circadian system anticipates these predictable challenges and the brain integrates this information with homeostatic cues in order to time behavior accordingly. Humans highly depend on the visual system, which is most drastically affected by planetary rotation, with the most pronounced changes occurring during twilight. Yet, it is still unclear how visual perception and its underlying neural processes are modulated according to the time of day. We thus investigated human brain activity in constant dim light via the fMRI BOLD-signal during resting-state and a close-to-threshold visual detection task over 6 times of the day. BOLD-variability decreased endogenously at times of twilight in sensory cortices during resting-state and, even more, in the visual cortex during visual perception at these times. Furthermore, the visual cortex BOLD-variability reductions were associated with improved visual detection performance. In contrast, mean BOLD-activations related to visual perception were not significantly modulated by the time of day. In conclusion, these results imply that the visual cortex BOLD-variability reductions at times of twilight constitute a predictive mechanism facilitating visual perception to compensate for the degraded visual signal quality at these times. Individual chronotype and homeostatic sleep pressure explained part of the BOLD-variability modulation, suggesting a combined circadian and homeostatic regulation. Human activity usually extends into times of twilight, even in preindustrial societies. Therefore, anticipatory optimization of the visual system at twilight may have been crucial for survival and may still be relevant today whenever electric light is not available at these times. Moreover, the findings suggest that endogenous BOLD-variability reductions in sensory cortices constitute a novel general mechanism underlying enhanced close-to-threshold perception, further supporting the biological significance of BOLD-variability.
«Еврейский вопрос» в зеркале античной философии
Authors: Столяров А.А
Published: October 2024

Данная статья посвящена «еврейскому вопросу» - насколько он может быть проиллюстрирован текстами античных философов и близких к ним авторов, - и основана на собраниях текстов Т. Рейнаха и М. Штерна. Как полагает автор статьи, антисемитизма как целенаправленной политики в античности не было. Если сопоставить позицию античного философского и околофилософского социума с отношением к евреям и иудаизму прочих античных интеллектуалов, то она в позитивном своем аспекте отличается более высоким уровнем рефлексии и, в частности, стремлением находить в иудаизме и монотеистической парадигме продуктивные элементы. Такой позиции придерживались многие представители платонической и пифагорейской традиции, особенно Нумений из Апамеи. Данную позицию, по мнению автора, можно считать в историко-философском плане гораздо более внимательной, а в историко-культурном - принципиально толерантной.

This article provides the vision of the “jewish question” in so far as the latter can be illustrated by the opinions of ancient philosophers and authors with semi-philosophical interests. The article rests upon the collections of texts supplied by T.Reinach and M.Stern, the starting point being one of the first works of S.Luria, the prominent Russian researcher of antiquity. Up to my mind, there existed no consistent and centralized antisemitic policy in antiquity. Far from being homogenous, the attitude of ancient philosophical and semi-philosophical socium towards jews and Judaism compared with that of other ancient intellectuals appears, however, to be marked in its positive aspect by a higher level of reflexion and by intention to find out productive elements in judaism and in monotheistic paradigm. Such attitude is peculiar to many adherents of platonic and pythagoreic tradition, particularly to Numenius; from the historic-philosophical and from historic-cultural points of view it appears to be more perceptive and decidedly tolerant.
«Участное мышление». Философский проект М.М.Бахтина в контексте онтологического поворота ХХ в
Authors: Махлин В.Л
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируется научно-философский проект молодого М.М. Бахтина Невельско-Витебского периода его жизни и творчества (1918-1924) в двух взаимосвязанных направлениях: (1) «изнутри» его замысла «первой философии», на путеводной нити понятия «участное мышление»; и (2) «извне» этого замысла, в контексте магистрального события в западноевропейской философии конца 1910-1920-х гг., а именно - экзистенциально-онтологического поворота, связанного в особенности с понятием «социальная онтология» (Гуссерль, Шелер, Бубер, Г. Марсель, Сартр и др.). По мысли автора статьи, для того чтобы ответить на вопрос «Откуда взялся Бахтин?», недостаточно изолированных сопоставлений в расхожем жанре «Бахтин и…»; более перспективным представляется реализованный в статье историко-систематический подход, в соответствии с которым ключевые понятия проекта Бахтина - «конкретная историчность», «участное мышление», «событие бытия» и др. - применяются для осмысления того, почему и каким образом его проект одним из первых участвовал в общем поворотном событии мысли между Россией и Западом в тот исторический момент, когда это «между» еще не было разорвано. Кроме того, в статье показано, какие мотивы бахтинского философского проекта получили развитие в последующих, более известных работах М.М. Бахтина, включая так называемые «спорные тексты».

In this essay the young Bakhtin’s philosophical project from the early 1920s, is analyzed in two interrelated directions: first, within the “inner” context of his “first philosophy”, secondly, against the “outer” background of the West European (mostly German) turn to the “New Thinking”, that is, to the so-called existential ontology, or the “social ontology” (Husserl, Scheler. Buber, G. Marcel, Sartre et al.). Methodologically, in order to answer the question “Where did Bakhtin come from?”, the author of the essay, in contrast to the trend of research in the comparative genre of ‘Bakhtin and…’, works both historically and systematically using the ontological category of the “in-between”: his subject is just the “event of being” and the “concrete historicity” as mediation between Bakhtin’s project and the projects of his Western contemporaries. Thus, it becomes clear why and under what circumstances the Russian thinker’s concept of the “participative thinking” in fact participated in the European turn to the modern, or existential, ontology. Besides, some motives or elements in Bakhtin’s early project are taken into consideration, which he later developed in his well-known works written since the mid-1920s and up to the mid-1970s.
О подходах к пониманию истории в философии Б. Кроче и Э. Бетти
Authors: Россиус Ю.Г.
Published: October 2024

Цель настоящей статьи сопоставить философские взгляды Б. Кроче и Э. Бетти применительно к их трактовке истории. Принимая во внимание существенное различие в исходных теоретических установках этих философов (неогегельянство и абсолютный историцизм Кроче и методологическую герменевтику Бетти), автор выбирает для соотнесения некоторые идеи, высказывания философов и фрагменты их работ, где просматривается сходство их позиций или же, напротив, моменты разногласий или положения, за которые философы критиковали друг друга. Как показано в статье, теория интерпретации истории у Бетти не испытала влияния со стороны крочеанского историцизма. Рассматривая концепцию современности истории у Кроче и ее схожесть с каноном актуальности понимания у Бетти, автор статьи отмечает, что Бетти пришел к этому тезису независимо от Кроче, в результате своих исследований в области истории права, и первоначально этот канон имел более узкую историко-правовую формулировку.

This paper aims to compare the interpretations of history put forward by Benedetto Croce and Emilio Betti. In view of the serious differences between the theoretical foundations of their respective positions (Croces neohegelianism and absolute historicism, on the one hand, and methodological hermeneutics in the case of Betti), the present author has chosen for comparison some of the opinions expressed and statements made by either philosopher, as well as such fragments of their works, where their views seem to converge, or, on the contrary, where the divergences are manifested with greatest clarity, in particular in the passages containing reciprocal criticism. The author comes to the conclusion that, contrary to the widespread belief, Bettis theory of the interpretation of history had not been influenced by the historicism of Croce to any considerable degree. Analyzing, among other things, the idea of modernity of history in Croce with its similarity to Bettis canon of actuality of the understanding, she demonstrates that Betti arrived at the same thesis independently of Croce as a result of his own investigations in the history of law, giving it initially a more restricted juridical formulation.
Религиозные учения Л. Толстого и Вл. Соловьева и проблема единства русской религиозной философии
Authors: Матвеева И.Ю. , Евлампиев И.И.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается история творческих отношений Л.Н. Толстого и В.С. Соловьева и доказывается, что религиозные учения мыслителей близки в своих главных принципах. В работах 1890-х гг. Соловьев, как и Толстой, резко критикует историческую церковь за то, что она исказила первоначальное, истинное христианство, главный смысл которого он видит в соединении человечества с Богом и в построении Царства Божьего на земле силами человечества. Точно такое же понимание христианства как пути к совершенной жизни на земле составляет основу религиозного учения Толстого. Показано, что два важнейших мотива учения Толстого: отрицание телесного воскресения человеческих личностей и принцип непротивления злу насилием, вполне логично вытекают из этого учения. Точка зрения Соловьева в этих вопросах, наоборот, свидетельствует о его непоследовательности в развитии принципов истинного христианства. Сделан вывод о том, что Толстой, вопреки распространенному мнению, не является маргинальной фигурой в русской религиозной философии, напротив, он наиболее полно выражает ее главную тенденцию критики церковной религии и поисков истинного христианства, объединяющую подавляющее большинство известных мыслителей.

The article deals with the history of the creative relationship of L.N. Tolstoy and V.S. Solovyov and it is proved that religious teachings of thinkers are close to one another in their main principles. In the works of the 1890s Solovev, like Tolstoy, sharply criticizes the historical church for the fact that it distorted original, true Christianity, the main meaning of which he sees in the union of humanity with God and in building the Kingdom of God on earth by the forces of humanity. Exactly the same understanding of Christianity as the path to a perfect life on earth is the basis of Tolstoys religious teaching. It is shown that the two most important motives of Tolstoys teaching: the denial of the bodily resurrection of human personalities and the principle of non-resistance to evil by violence flow quite logically from this teaching. The point of view of Solovev in these questions, on the contrary, testifies to his inconsistency in the development of the principles of true Christianity. It is concluded that Tolstoy, contrary to popular belief, is not a marginal figure in Russian religious philosophy, on the contrary, he most fully expresses its main trend of criticism of church religion and the search for true Christianity, which unites the overwhelming majority of famous thinkers.
«Испытать жизнь сполна». Интервью с проф. М.Ф. Быковой
Authors: Быкова М.Ф. , Синеокая Ю.В.
Published: October 2024

В юбилейном интервью с профессором Университета Северной Каролины Мариной Федоровной Быковой речь идет о ее творческом становлении, студенчестве в Ростовском государственном университете, годах аспирантуры в Институте философии РАН, опыте исследовательской работы в европейских научных центрах, успешной академической карьере в России и США. Обсуждается понимание философии, рассматривается вопрос о специфике профессионального занятия историей философии, вскрываются различия континентальной и аналитической философских традиций, рассказывается о журналах «Studies in East European Thought» и «Russian Studies in Philosophy» и о ключевых требованиях к авторам в американской философской периодике, анализируются особенности преподавания философии в США, Европе и России. Интервью провела Юлия Вадимовна Синеокая.

In an interview with Professor Marina F. Bykova conducted on the occasion of her birthday anniversary, we talk about her professional career: from her student years at the Rostov State University (Rostov-on-Don, Russia) to her PhD study and then work at the Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia), from her research stays and visiting research positions in Europe to her successful academic career in Russia and the USA. The topics under discussion include the understanding of philosophy, the specifics of the professional work as a historian of philosophy, the differences between the Continental and Analytic philosophical traditions, as well as the peculiarities of teaching philosophy in the USA, Europe, and Russia. The interview also goes into details about the journals Studies in East European Thought and Russian Studies in Philosophy and about the major requirements for publication in the American philosophical journals. The interview was conducted by Professor Julia Sineokaya.
Degradation of diesel fuel by Dietzia sp. Ndt10 in saline conditions
Authors: Nazarov Alexey , Pyankova Anna , Korsakova Ekaterina , Plotnikova Elena
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the degradation of diesel fuel (DF) by an aerobic halotolerant strain, Dietzia sp. NDT10 (VKM Ac-2994D), under high salinity conditions. Dietzia sp. strain NDT10 has been isolated from diesel-contaminated rhizosphere soil of Dactylis glomerata L. on the territory of industrial production and processing of potassium salts (Solikamsk, Perm Krai, Russia). The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain NDT10 is phylogenetically close (99.89 % similarity) to the type strains of two species, Dietzia maris DSM 43672T and Dietzia kunjamensis subsp. The ability of the strain NDT10 to degrade diesel fuel without salt and in the presence of up to 125 g NaCl/L was found. When adding 30, 50, and 70 g NaCl/L to the culture medium, the diesel fuel degradation ability of strain NDT10 was markedly increased, especially in the case of long-chain hydrocarbons (С15–С20) compared with short-chain hydrocarbons (С9–С14). An improvement in the degradative activity of Dietzia sp. NDT10 correlated with an increase in cell surface hydrophobicity in the presence of NaCl in the medium. Using the NDT10 strain as an example, a positive effect of diesel fuel components on the salt tolerance of bacteria was established. The results obtained can be used to develop biotechnological strategies for the clean-up of contaminated sites with DF and other petroleum products.
Microencapsulation contaning L. acidophilus and S. boulardii for targeted release in the stomach and small intestine
Authors: Ngo Anh , Minh Thao , Bui Nhi , Dam Xuan
Published: October 2024

In this study, a microencapsulation system was developed with a dual-layer structure comprising Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces boulardii to enhance the survival rates of probiotic bacteria during transit through the stomach. Alginate and chitosan were identified as key factors influencing the shape, moisture content, and the number of encapsulated microorganisms in the microcapsules. The optimal concentrations of alginate and chitosan were determined to be 0.5 % and 3 %, respectively. The microencapsulated structure was clearly visualized through Scanning Electron Microscope images, and Infrared spectra confirmed the successful encapsulation. Experimental findings revealed that S. boulardii was released directly in the stomach, while L. acidophilus was released after a 2-hour delay, coinciding with the arrival of microcapsules in the small intestine. Subsequently, we proposed the release kinetics of microcapsules in the gastrointestinal tract. Although the viability of both S. boulardii and L. acidophilus in the microcapsules exhibited a steady decline over the storage period, a notable 109 CFU/g of bacteria persisted even after 120 days.
Males and females of the Greater White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) divide behavioural roles at a spring migratory stopover
Authors: Polikarpova Diana , Babkina Olga , Loshchagina Julia , Glazov Peter , Litvin Konstantin , Zaynagutdinova Elmira
Published: October 2024

Geese form long-term pair bonds due to the constant need for cooperation between partners. During spring migration, mates are assumed to divide roles: females feed more intensively than males to accumulate nutrient reserves for clutch formation and incubation, while males spend more time on alert to protect females. However, some behaviours require synchronisation to increase reproductive success. We studied whether there were behavioural differences between mates in Greater White-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) during feeding at a migratory stopover. According to our results, females spent more time feeding, and males were more alert while females were feeding. Walking intensity was significantly correlated between partners. Preference to follow the mate and the manifestation of visual lateralization did not differ between sexes. These findings illustrate the division of roles between partners and the synchronization of their movements. Such behaviour allows partners to stay close to each other and provide support to the mate.
Sostenibilidad ambiental: diálogos entre la economía ecológica, el territorio y la territorialidad en el desarrollo resiliente
Authors: Gómez Rodríguez Dustin Tahisin , Barbosa Pérez Ehyder Mario
Published: October 2024

El artículo tiene como objetivo general integrar la Economía Ecológica, el Territorio y la Territorialidad para promover la sostenibilidad y la resiliencia. La metodología cualitativa se divide en dos fases principales: la búsqueda de categorías analíticas y la revisión documental a través del método PRISMA. Se identificaron y seleccionaron 179 documentos relevantes, que fueron filtrados según criterios de inclusión y exclusión para asegurar la coherencia con las categorías de interés. Los datos extraídos incluyeron 81 artículos de investigación, 93 documentos institucionales y cinco reseñas. La conclusión principal es que los vínculos entre la Economía Ecológica, el Territorio y la Territorialidad son fundamentales para enfrentar los retos ambientales y económicos contemporáneos. El estudio sugiere que la adopción de enfoques complejos que combinen la comprensión de los límites ambientales con las necesidades humanas es esencial para avanzar hacia soluciones sostenibles.
MicroRNAs as Indicators of Alterations in Reaction to Endurance Training
Authors: Mourgan Fatma Hassan Abd Elbasset , Al Shamli Ali , Al Qasimi Aida Bati Rashed , Hefny Nana EL Dawy Ahmed , Hasan Laila Sharafeldeen Emam
Published: October 2024

Without a doubt, endurance sports are beneficial for heart health and general fitness; regular physical exercise is thought to be one of the best ways to avoid cardiovascular disease. Gene expression is regulated by tiny molecules known as microRNAs, which are generated subsequent to transcription. Translational repression, mRNA deadenylation, and decapping are all caused by miRNAs when they attach to a certain region at the 3′ UTR of their target mRNAs (40, 41). Along with promoter regions, additional mRNA regions such as the 5′ UTR and coding sequence have also been shown to include miRNA binding sites. While it has been shown that miRNA contact with a promoter region may drive transcription, miRNA binding to the 5′ UTR and coding sections silences the expression of genes. According to preliminary research, miRNAs may serve as helpful indicators of the systemic changes brought on by exercise before they are identified using traditional imaging or laboratory methods. This study focused on four important physiological processes that help the body adapt to various endurance workouts. We found that miR-27, miR-221, miR-210, miR-328, miR-133a, miR-134a, and miR-20a are essential for adaptive response to exercise after conducting a thorough literature search.
New Perspective of Multi-dimensional Approach for the Management of Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review
Authors: Singh Sachitanand , Thakur Renu , Kumar Krishan , Dogra Ayush
Published: October 2024

One of the most common mental diseases in childhood, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often lasts into adulthood for many individuals. The neurodevelopmental condition known as ADHD impacts three areas of the brain: hyperactivity, impulsivity, and attention. The visual field is where attention is most affected by ADHD. Non-strabismic binocular vision disorder (NSBVD), which impairs eye coordination and makes it challenging to focus, has been linked to ADHD. Through a critical cognitive process called visual attention, humans are able to take in and organize information from their visual environment. This greatly affects how one observes, processes, and understands visual information in day-to-day living. Vision therapy is a non-invasive therapeutic approach that aims to improve visual talents and address visual attention deficits. This study aims to provide an overview of the research on the many approaches to treating ADHD, the relationship between NSBVD and ADHD, and whether vision therapy is a viable treatment option for ADHD. After a comprehensive search of many online resources, relevant studies were found. The review's findings provide insight into the range of ADHD patients' treatment choices. In order to improve treatment outcomes, non-pharmacological treatments can be employed either alone or in conjunction with medicine. Medicine by itself is insufficient and has several severe side effects when used continuously. The efficacy of vision therapy in improving visual attention and making recommendations for potential directions for further research in this field. Multiple studies are needed to identify the most effective treatment modalities for achieving positive outcomes for ADHD patients.
A Quality Gap Analysis of Educational Services among Iranian Medical Students Using the SERVQUAL Method
Authors: Amiri Mohammad , Sadeghi Elham , Shahsavar Hajar , Heidari Horieh , Alemohammad Atefeh , Gharepour Mohammad Reza , Khosravi Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The quality gap in educational services among the students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences in the year 2023 was evaluated using the SERVQUAL method.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 334 participants were selected through a multi-stage random sampling method, and 316 responded to the standard SERVQUAL questionnaire.

Results

The majority, 181 students [57.3%], had a strong interest in their field of study. The mean scores for the current status [perceptions] and the optimal status [expectations] of educational service quality were 3.27±0.66 and 4.41±0.63, respectively. There was a significant difference between the current and optimal status across all SERVQUAL dimensions. The largest gaps were in the dimensions of Responsiveness, Empathy, and Tangibles, followed by Assurance and Reliability. The comparison of mean scores for the educational service quality gap across variables, such as gender, academic semester, and interest in the field of study, indicated significant differences among these groups.

Conclusion

By assessing the status of educational services from the student's perspective, this study aims to provide valuable information to policymakers and university senior management to enhance the educational service system. Educational and incentive strategies, along with careful monitoring and planning according to different dimensions of service quality, can be effective in improving the system.
SOMson - Sonification of Multidimensional Data in Kohonen Maps
Authors: Linke Simon , Ziemer Tim , Desainte-Catherine Myriam , Semal Catherine
Published: October 2024

Kohonen Maps, aka. Self-organizing maps (SOMs) are neural networks that visualize a high-dimensional feature space on a low-dimensional map. While SOMs are an excellent tool for data examination and exploration, they inherently cause a loss of detail. Visualizations of the underlying data do not integrate well and, therefore, fail to provide an overall picture. Consequently, we suggest SOMson, an interactive sonification of the underlying data, as a data augmentation technique. The sonification increases the amount of information provided simultaneously by the SOM. Instead of a user study, we present an interactive online example, so readers can explore SOMson themselves. Its strengths, weaknesses, and prospects are discussed.
DNA Sonification Using 8-Channel Audio for Data Analyses and Music Composition
Authors: Temple Mark D.
Published: October 2024

DNA sequences contain vast amounts of biological data and computer algorithms play an important role in processing these data for human inspection. Here we describe an updated computer-generated auditory display tool to be used as stand-alone audio or as a complement to a visual display for DNA sequence inspection. The auditory display uses musical notes to represent the data in relation to the process of gene expression or DNA replication. Given the use of musical notes in the auditory display raises the possibility these may be considered algorithmic music. To pursue this notion further the auditory displays were used in a music studio setting outside of the science laboratory. Musicians were challenged to play in-sync with the audio and to embellish the melodic and harmonic content of the auditory display. New music compositions featuring the auditory displays were recorded and performed live in outreach events to promote a wider understanding of the processes of gene expression and DNA replication and how gene sequence information affects human health conditions.