bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian Approach to Item Development: Working with Alternative Item Types
Authors: Dyer Frank
Published: August 2020

Describes a Bayesian procedure for weighting and aggregating individual predictors based on drawings and associations. Discusses forensic psychological applications of the procedure, especially in situations where impression management is a factor. Highlights conceptual differences between Bayesian methods and IRT and CTT systems.
Moderate Scientism in Philosophy
Authors: Turri John
Published: August 2020

Moderate scientism is the view that empirical science can help answer questions in nonscientific disciplines. In this paper, we evaluate moderate scientism in philosophy. We review several ways that science has contributed to research in epistemology, action theory, ethics, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind. We also review several ways that science has contributed to our understanding of how philosophers make judgments and decisions. Based on this research, we conclude that the case for moderate philosophical scientism is strong: scientific practice has promoted significant progress in philosophy and its further development should be welcomed and encouraged.
Virtue Epistemology and Abilism on Knowledge
Authors: Turri John
Published: August 2020

Virtue epistemologists define knowledge as true belief produced by intellectual virtue. In this paper, I review how this definition fails in three important ways. First, it fails as an account of the ordinary knowledge concept, because neither belief nor reliability is essential to knowledge ordinarily understood. Second, it fails as an account of the knowledge relation itself, insofar as that relation is operationalized in the scientific study of cognition. Third, it serves no prescriptive purpose identified up till now. An alternative theory, abilism, provides a superior account of knowledge as it is ordinarily and scientifically understood. According to abilism, knowledge is an accurate representation produced by cognitive ability.
A Need Analysis in Academic Writing by Using Integrative-Based Approach: The Perspective of University Students
Authors: Helaluddin Helaluddin
Published: August 2020

This article discusses the needs and interests of the university students in Banten Indonesia for learning to write with an integrative approach as an initial stage in the development of academic writing textbooks. The participants in this study were 60 students in the first semester of the 2018/2019 academic year who took an Indonesian language course. It was found that students were familiar with writing activities. But the majority were limited to non-academic genres such as writing poetry, short stories, and writing personal blogs. Also, students have almost the same problems in academic writing, both from linguistic aspects, technical aspects, to issues of developing writing ideas. Another thing that was found in this study was the participation of lecturers who they expected in guiding and providing input during academic writing learning.
Efficient Coding and Risky Choice
Authors: Frydman Cary , Jin Lawrence
Published: August 2020

We experimentally test a theory of risky choice in which the perception of a lottery payoff is noisy due to information processing constraints in the brain. We model perception using the principle of efficient coding, which implies that perception is most accurate for those payoffs that occur most frequently. Across two pre-registered laboratory experiments, we manipulate the distribution from which payoffs in the choice set are drawn. In our first experiment, we find that risk taking is more sensitive to payoffs that are presented more frequently. In a follow-up task, we incentivize subjects to classify which of two symbolic numbers is larger. Subjects exhibit higher accuracy and faster response times for numbers they have observed more frequently. In our second experiment, we manipulate the payoff distribution so that efficient coding induces the decision maker’s perceived value function to switch from concave to convex. We find that demand for risk is significantly higher when efficient coding induces a convex value function. Together, our experimental results suggest that risk taking depends systematically on the payoff distribution to which the decision maker’s perceptual system has recently adapted. More broadly, we provide novel evidence of the importance of imprecise and efficient coding in economic decision-making.
Factors Associated for Caesarean Section among Mothers Attending in Teaching Hospital, Chitwan
Authors: Poudel Indira Adhikari , Bhattarai B , Dhakal P
Published: August 2020

Correction: The page numbers were changed from 57-67 to 39-49 on 31/08/2020.

Background: Cesarean section (CS) rate has increased rapidly over the past two decades in world. It is serious concern for public health experts globally. Various medical and non-medical factors, such as maternal socio-demographics, are found to be responsible for this upsurge. Like in other countries, the rate of caesarean sections has increased in Nepal as well. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the factors behind this increase.

Objectives: To identify the factors associate for caesarean section among mothers attending at teaching hospital, Chitwan

Methods: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted using total enumerative sampling technique in the maternity ward of Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. Interview was done with closed ended Questionnaire for data collection, a total number of 139 mothers after 24 hours cesarean section (CS).

Results: The study shows that, nearly three- quarters (71.2%) of CS were performed as an emergency. There are mainly fetal, maternal and placental indication for cesarean section. The most frequent indications were: previous cesarean section (22.3%), thick Meconium stained liquor (12.2%), fetal distress (10.6%) and oligohydramnios (7.2%).
Antioxidant Activity and Nutraceutical Potential of Selected Nepalese Wild Edible Fruits
Authors: Bhusal Santoshi , Pant Deepak Raj , Joshi Giri Prasad , Adhikari Minu , Raut Jay Kant , Pandey Manish Raj , Bhatt Lok Ranjan
Published: August 2020

Wild edible fruits play an important role in the nutrition of rural people especially in the hilly and mountainous region, where the wild fruits could be the only source to consume. Though wild edible fruits are widely utilized throughout the country, little works have been done in Nepal on their nutritional and phytochemical analysis. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and nutraceutical potential of the selected wild edible fruits. The fruit samples were extracted in appropriate solvents and all the analyses were done in triplicates using 96 well ELISA plate reader. Nutritionally, Rubus acuminatus was found to be rich in Vitamin C (0.78 ± 0.01 mg/g) over other fruits. Protein content was found to be high in Berberis napaulensis (2.26 ± 0.71 %) and R. ellipticus showed greater lipid (0.15 ± 0.01 %) and β-carotene content (1.08 ± 0.01 mg/100mg). R. acuminatus was found to have high flavonoid content (9.26 ± 0.40 mg QE/g) and exhibited higher antioxidant activity while B. angulosa (29.67 ± 2.28 mg GAE/g) had the highest phenolic content.
Biologically effective dose and prediction of obliteration of unruptured arteriovenous malformations treated by upfront Gamma Knife radiosurgery: a series of 149 consecutive cases
Authors: Tuleasca Constantin , Peciu-Florianu Iulia , Leroy Henri-Arthur , Vermandel Maximilien , Faouzi Mohamed , Reyns Nicolas
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) present no pathologic tissue, and radiation dose is confined in a clear targeted volume. The authors retrospectively evaluated the role of the biologically effective dose (BED) after Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for brain AVMs.

METHODS

A total of 149 consecutive cases of unruptured AVMs treated by upfront GKRS in Lille University Hospital, France, were included. The mean length of follow-up was 52.9 months (median 48, range 12–154 months). The primary outcome was obliteration, and the secondary outcome was complication appearance. The marginal dose was 24 Gy in a vast majority of cases (n = 115, 77.2%; range 18–25 Gy). The mean BED was 220.1 Gy2.47 (median 229.9, range 106.7–246.8 Gy2.47). The mean beam-on time was 32.3 minutes (median 30.8, range 9–138.7 minutes). In the present series, the mean radiation dose rate was 2.259 Gy/min (median 2.176, range 1.313–3.665 Gy/min). The Virginia score was 0 in 29 (19.5%), 1 in 61 (40.9%), 2 in 41 (27.5%), 3 in 18 (12.1%), and 4 in 0 (0%) patients, respectively. The mean Pollock-Flickinger score was 1.11 (median 1.52, range 0.4–2.9). Univariate (for obliteration and complication appearance) and multivariate (for obliteration only) analyses were performed.

RESULTS

A total of 104 AVMs (69.8%) were obliterated at the last follow-up. The strongest predictor for obliteration was BED (p = 0.03). A radiosurgical obliteration score is proposed, derived from a fitted multivariable model: (0.018 × BED) + (1.58 × V12) + (−0.013689 × beam-on time) + (0.021 × age) − 4.38. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.7438; after internal validation using bootstrap methods, it was 0.7088. No statistically significant relationship between radiation dose rate and obliteration was found (p = 0.29). Twenty-eight (18.8%) patients developed complications after GKRS; 20 (13.4%) of these patients had transient adverse radiological effects (perilesional edema developed). Predictors for complication appearance were higher prescription isodose volume (p = 0.005) and 12-Gy isodose line volume (V12; p = 0.001), higher Pollock-Flickinger (p = 0.02) and Virginia scores (p = 0.003), and lower beam-on time (p = 0.03).

CONCLUSIONS

The BED was the strongest predictor of obliteration of unruptured AVMs after upfront GKRS. A radiosurgical score comprising the BED is proposed. The V12 appears as a predictor for both efficacy and toxicity. Beam-on time was illustrated as statistically significant for both obliteration and complication appearance. The radiation dose rate did not influence obliteration in the current analysis. The exact BED threshold remains to be established by further studies.
Plasma extracellular vesicles as a source of biomarkers in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Puffer Ross C. , Cumba Garcia Luz M. , Himes Benjamin T. , Jung Mi-Yeon , Meyer Frederic B. , Okonkwo David O. , Parney Ian F.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to isolate extracellular vesicles (EVs) from plasma in a cohort of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and analyze their contents for novel biomarkers that could prove useful for rapid diagnosis and classification of brain injury during initial evaluation.

METHODS

Plasma EVs were isolated by serial ultracentrifugation from patients with TBI (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 5). Samples were obtained from the TRACK-TBI biorepository (2010–present). Size and concentration were determined by nanoparticle tracking. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) concentration was determined in EV protein. EV RNA was isolated and deep sequencing of short noncoding RNA was performed.

RESULTS

Plasma EVs are physically similar but contained approximately 10 times more GFAP in TBI patients with altered consciousness than patients and controls with normal consciousness. Eleven highly differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified between these groups. Genes targeted by these miRNAs are highly associated with biologically relevant cellular pathways, including organismal injury, cellular development, and organismal development. Multiple additional coding and noncoding RNA species with potential biomarker utility were identified.

CONCLUSIONS

Isolating plasma EVs in patients with TBI is feasible. Increased GFAP concentration—a validated plasma TBI marker—in EVs from TBI patients with altered consciousness, along with differential expression of multiple miRNAs targeting TBI-relevant pathways, suggests that EVs may be a useful source of TBI biomarkers. Additional evaluation in larger patient cohorts is indicated.
Incidence and risk factors for seizures associated with deep brain stimulation surgery
Authors: Atchley Travis J. , Elsayed Galal A. , Sowers Blake , Walker Harrison C. , Chagoya Gustavo , Davis Matthew C. , Bernstock Joshua D. , Omar Nidal B. , Patel Daxa M. , Guthrie Barton L.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of seizures following deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode implantation and to evaluate factors associated with postoperative seizures.

METHODS

The authors performed a single-center retrospective case-control study. The outcome of interest was seizure associated with DBS implantation. Univariate analyses were performed using the Student t-test for parametric continuous outcomes. The authors used the Kruskal-Wallis test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for nonparametric continuous outcomes, chi-square statistics for categorical outcomes, and multivariate logistic regression for binomial variables.

RESULTS

A total of 814 DBS electrode implantations were performed in 645 patients (478 [58.7%] in men and 520 [63.9%] in patients with Parkinson’s disease). In total, 22 (3.4%) patients who had undergone 23 (2.8%) placements experienced seizure. Of the 23 DBS implantation–related seizures, 21 were new-onset seizures (3.3% of 645 patients) and 2 were recurrence or worsening of a prior seizure disorder. Among the 23 cases with postimplantation-related seizure, epilepsy developed in 4 (17.4%) postoperatively; the risk of DBS-associated epilepsy was 0.50% per DBS electrode placement and 0.63% per patient. Nine (39.1%) implantation-related seizures had associated postoperative radiographic abnormalities. Multivariate analyses suggested that age at surgery conferred a modest increased risk for postoperative seizures (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.10). Sex, primary diagnosis, electrode location and sidedness, and the number of trajectories were not significantly associated with seizures after DBS surgery.

CONCLUSIONS

Seizures associated with DBS electrode placement are uncommon, typically occur early within the postoperative period, and seldom lead to epilepsy. This study suggests that patient characteristics, such as age, may play a greater role than perioperative variables in determining seizure risk. Multiinstitutional studies may help better define and mitigate the risk of seizures after DBS surgery.
Under-contouring of rods: a potential risk factor for proximal junctional kyphosis after posterior correction of Scheuermann kyphosis
Authors: Grelat Michael , Du Chang-Zhi , Xu Liang , Sun Xu , Qiu Yong
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Scheuermann kyphosis (SK) could require surgical treatment in certain situations. A posterior reduction is the most widespread treatment so far, although the development of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is one of the possible complications of this procedure. The contour of the proximal part of the rod could influence the occurrence of PJK in SK patients. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of the proximal rod contour on the occurrence of a PJK complication in SK patients.

METHODS

This retrospective monocentric study was performed in the Nanjing Spine Surgery Department. All eligible patients had undergone posterior correction surgery with pedicle screws only between 2002 and 2017 and had at least 24 months of follow-up. The presence of PJK was quantified on radiographs using the proximal junctional angle (PJA > 10° at the last follow-up). The authors propose a new radiological parameter to measure the angulation of the proximal part of the instrumentation: the proximal contouring rod angle (PCRA) is the angle between the upper endplate of the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) and the lower endplate of the second vertebra caudal to the UIV. The patients were analyzed according to the presence or absence of PJK. A t-test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and logistic regression analysis were performed for statistical analysis.

RESULTS

Sixty-two patients treated for SK were included in this study. The mean age was 18.6 ± 8.5 years, and the mean follow-up was 42.5 ± 16.4 months. The mean correction rate of global kyphosis was 46.4% ± 13.7%. At the last follow-up, 17 patients (27.4%) presented with PJK. No significant difference was found between the PJK and non-PJK groups in terms of age and other preoperative variables. A significant difference in the postoperative PCRA was found between the PJK and non-PJK groups (8.2° ± 4.9° vs 15.7° ± 6.6°, respectively; p = 0.001). A postoperative PCRA less than 10.1° predicted a significantly higher risk for PJK (p = 0.002, OR 2.431, 95% CI 1.781–4.133).

CONCLUSIONS

Under-contouring of the proximal part of the rods (lower than 10°) is a risk factor for PJK after posterior correction of SK.
Evaluation of the 6-minute walking test as a smartphone app-based self-measurement of objective functional impairment in patients with lumbar degenerative disc disease
Authors: Maldaner Nicolai , Sosnova Marketa , Zeitlberger Anna M. , Ziga Michal , Gautschi Oliver P. , Regli Luca , Weyerbrock Astrid , Stienen Martin N. , _ _
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Digital transformation enables new possibilities to assess objective functional impairment (OFI) in patients with lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD). This study examines the psychometric properties of an app-based 6-minute walking test (6WT) and determines OFI in patients with lumbar DDD.

METHODS

The maximum 6-minute walking distance (6WD) was determined in patients with lumbar DDD. The results were expressed as raw 6WDs (in meters), as well as in standardized z-scores referenced to age- and sex-specific values of spine-healthy volunteers. The 6WT results were assessed for reliability and content validity using established disease-specific patient-reported outcome measures.

RESULTS

Seventy consecutive patients and 330 volunteers were enrolled. The mean 6WD was 370 m (SD 137 m) in patients with lumbar DDD. Significant correlations between 6WD and the Core Outcome Measures Index for the back (r = −0.31), Zurich Claudication Questionnaire (ZCQ) symptom severity (r = −0.32), ZCQ physical function (r = −0.33), visual analog scale (VAS) for back pain (r = −0.42), and VAS for leg pain (r = −0.32) were observed (all p < 0.05). The 6WT revealed good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.82), and the standard error of measurement was 58.3 m. A 4-tier severity stratification classified patients with z-scores > −1 (no OFI), −1 to −1.9 (mild OFI), −2 to −2.9 (moderate OFI), and ≤ −3 (severe OFI).

CONCLUSIONS

The smartphone app-based self-measurement of the 6WT is a convenient, reliable, and valid way to determine OFI in patients with lumbar DDD. The 6WT app facilitates the digital evaluation and monitoring of patients with lumbar DDD.
On the experience of developing educational and methodological material on the Spanish language for students with visual impairment
Authors: Abkadyrova Irina R. , Shevtsova Maria A.
Published: August 2020

The article provides an overview of the adapted educational and methodological complex „Practical Spanish course for beginners” for students with disabilities (visually impaired)”.
The complex has been compiled taking into account the peculiarities of the development of persons of this nosological group on the basis of the author’s methodology GalaxiaEspiral, which is a synthesis of innovative techniques, traditional technologies and modern developments in linguistics. This technology is focused not only on the assimilation of knowledge, but also on the development of logical and abstract thinking, associative memory, increasing motivation to Spanish language learning.
The presented educational and methodological complex includes exercises aimed at the development of memory and socialization. In order to increase the efficiency of material learning, the set includes a workbook and a video course
Providing the quality of the content of the official websites of contemporary establishments of higher education
Authors: Kravchenko Olena
Published: August 2020

The article argues that the relevance of providing the quality of the official website content of modern universities is predetermined by the objective requirements of the present day, such as the priority of the state policy in the field of integration of higher educational institutions into the European education space, the globalization of information technologies and increasing of the Internet activity among the population. The subject of the study is the features of the websites' information content of the universities from different countries. It is determined that the website content of a modern institution of higher education contains information on various types of university activities (educational, scientific, pedagogic, financial, and marketing). The content of websites of foreign and universities was analyzed according to the following criteria: language; informativeness; utility; administrative and financial transparency; technical design. The analysis of website content of various universities was carried out in accordance the availability of information of university’s general characteristics, of the organization of the university’s educational process and features of student life, of university's scientific activities, of ways of advertising and the formation of a positive image of an educational institution in the imagination of Internet visitors. The attention is focused on the features of the websites' information content of the leading foreign and domestic universities. The main distinctions are in the ways of positioning the institution in the future; outlining the competitive advantages of an educational institution and highlighting the opportunities for improving the quality of the educational process; popularizing the university's scientific activities, and identifying the ways to confirm the reputation of the university. It is proved that the development of top-quality content contributes to the improvement of the image of the higher educational institution on the Internet, as well as increases the competitiveness of the university in the market of educational services both in the country and abroad. Awareness of the relevance of providing the quality of the official website content of the institution of higher education allows to tackle the problem of creating and distributing vital, unique, classified, and interesting information.
Modernization of educational policy in the context of modern civilization processes
Authors: Nezhyva Olga
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the modernization of educational policy in the context of modern civilization processes. The author considers the main features of the educational policy modernization process in the article. Based on the publications and studies of domestic and foreign scientists, the following features were identified: firstly, there is a high level of knowledge pragmatization. An important criterion for the quality and effectiveness of knowledge acquired in education is the ability to sell this knowledge. Secondly, the growing dependence of education on a wide range of socio-political and economic institutions, recalls the phenomenon of "enslavement" of the university by the market, and, in turn, entails the intervention of politicians and businessmen in science and education. Thirdly, the vast majority of researchers note the civilizational and cultural monopolies of Western countries, primarily the United States.

The article finds that decentralization, deconcentration, democratization and liberalization imply the proliferation of educational policy actors. Education policy should refrain from monosubjectivity and become polysubjective. To do this, it must be based not only on state, but also on public mechanisms for regulating activities, create and maintain a favorable environment for the existence and functioning of alternatives, which is a necessary condition for free educational interaction and understanding of education as a practice of freedom.

This study is the first systematic analysis of the phenomenon of educational policy in the modern civilization process, which is based on the basic principles of decentralization and liberalization of education at all levels, the formation of nonlinear thinking of teachers, improving the efficiency of education, improving education. The use of the obtained results can be further used in the development and formation of state educational policy in Ukraine. Because, the principles of effective Ukrainian educational policy of the future are offered.
On the Relationship between Schwartz’s Value Orientation and Willingness to Communicate: The Case of Iranian University Students
Authors: Izadpanah Mohammad Ali , Rakhshandehroo Fatemeh , Eslami Mehrnoosh , shaker Mahmoud
Published: August 2020

Values have always been one of the fundamental concepts in social studies. This is while the reconstruction of our values deeply influences language proficiency and willingness to communicate in a second language. Therefore, the present study attempts to investigate any probable interaction between individuals’ value orientations and their willingness to communicate. To this end and in order to determine the values of the participants, a Persian-translated Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) was distributed among 500 Iranian university students (296 females and 204 males). Additionally, the same group of participants filled out the Persian modified version of MacIntyre, Baker, Clement, and Conrod’s Willingness to communicate questionnaire (MacIntyre et al, 2001) which was employed to put a figure on the participants’ willingness to communicate in the context of the classroom. The conclusions derived from this study revealed that the existence of a positive relationship between overall WTC and value orientation as well as WTC subcomponents and that of value orientation. Furthermore, the results obtained through stepwise regression analysis indicated that in terms of values, openness to change, self-enhancement, universalism, tradition, and self-direction are better indicators of overall WTC. The findings also indicated that although gender affected participants’ willingness to read and speak in the classroom, it did not have any significant effect on their value orientations. The results of the study can improve the researchers’ comprehension of the nature of the connection among basic human values and willingness to communicate among Iranian university students.
The Seller’s Marketing Techniques to Benefit Form the Buyer’s Weaknesses
Authors: Altıncı Vehit , Ertugan Ahmet
Published: August 2020

Markets are the institutions that provide services within the daily needs and wants of the people. There are three distinct markets in the markets; market, supermarket, and hypermarket. This research is intended to examine the different techniques of buyers of villagers, towns, and cities between buyers. Buyer will follow the methods of purchasing goods when they go in the market. The buyer's promotion, discount, promotional advertisement, after - sales services will be evaluated within the framework of customer satisfaction. The methods that the receiver follows in the direction of the requests will be examined. As a research method, a survey method will be used to determine the sanitary effect of the buyers in the settlements in three different locations.
O direito à educação para as pessoas com deficiência: nuances e entraves
Authors: Cunha Marisa Nascimento , Thomasi Tanise Zago
Published: August 2020

O artigo explora as questões relativas ao direito à educação escolar para a pessoa com deficiência. Tem por objetivo identificar os óbices atinentes à materialização desse direito fundamental e analisar os instrumentos normativos que a sociedade pode utilizar para pleitear a concretização dessa garantia. Sendo a educação um direito previsto na Constituição Federal de 1988 e, considerando um cenário democrático e de convivência com a pluralidade humana, é imprescindível a plena efetivação da educação inclusiva e do atendimento educacional especializado para as pessoas com deficiência. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se segundo o método hipotético-dedutivo e a metodologia utilizada é a bibliográfica. Constata-se que há omissão estatal ou proteção insuficiente para implementar políticas públicas que consubstanciem essa garantia para os indivíduos com deficiência, o que fere a dignidade da pessoa humana e gera a ausência de estrutura adequada nas escolas.
Dynamic programming in applied tasks which are allowing to reduce the options selection
Authors: Karpov D. A. , Struchenkov V. I.
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the dynamic programming algorithm developed by R. Bellman, based on the search for the optimal trajectory connecting the nodes of a predefined regular grid of states. Possibilities are analyzed for a sharp increase in the effectiveness of using dynamic programming in solving applied problems with specific features, which allows us to refuse to split a regular grid of states and implement an algorithm for finding the optimal trajectory when rejecting not only unpromising options for paths leading to each of the states, and all of them continuations, as in R. Bellmanʼs algorithm, but also actually hopeless states and all variants of paths emanating from them. The conditions are formulated and justified under which the rejection of hopeless states is possible. It has been established that many applied problems satisfy these conditions. To solve such problems, a new dynamic programming algorithm described in the article is proposed and implemented. Concrete examples of such applied problems are given: the optimal distribution of a homogeneous resource between several consumers, the optimal loading of vehicles, the optimal distribution of finances when choosing investment projects. To solve these problems, dynamic programming algorithms with rejecting unpromising paths, but without rejecting states, were previously proposed. The number of hopeless states that appear at various stages of dynamic programming and, accordingly, the effectiveness of the new algorithm depends on the specific numerical values of the source data. For the two-parameter problem of optimal loading of vehicles with weight and volume constraints, the results of comparative calculations by the R. Bellman algorithm and the new dynamic programming algorithm are presented. As a source of data for a series of calculations, pseudorandom numbers were used. As a result of the analysis, it was shown that the comparative efficiency of the algorithm with rejection of states increases with increasing dimension of the problem. So, in the problem of the optimal choice of items for loading a vehicle of a given carrying capacity with a number of items of 150, the number of memorized states and the counting time are reduced by 50 and 57 times, respectively, when using the new algorithm compared to the classical algorithm of R. Bellman. And for 15 items, the corresponding numbers are 13 and 4.
浅谈提高教务处教学管理工作的措施——以桂林理工大学博文管理学院为例
Authors: 马 伟力
Published: August 2020

教务处是高等学校教学管理的职能部门，在高校的组织机构中具有十分重要的作用。教务处办公室工作在新时期面临一系列新的挑战和机遇，需要办公室人员重新认识工作环境，立足现状，把握时代教育背景，树立牢固的责任感和服务意识，善于总结学习，提升业务素质、健全规章制度，从而把办公室的管理水平提升到一个新的高度。
地域文化在中职院校校本课程建设中的实践探索
Authors: 韩 岩
Published: August 2020

中等职业院校是国家培养高素质、高技能人才的摇篮，是助力地方经济发展的后方阵地。增进学生对地域文化的了解，激发其热爱家乡、乐于奉献家乡的情怀尤为重要。本文以徐州地区为例，从理论依据、内容撷取、教学过程、组织形式、效果反思五个方面，对地域文化在中职院校校本课程建设中的实践，做了深入思考与大胆尝试。
差速器外壳的数控车床加工
Authors: 许 靳凯
Published: August 2020

本文通过对差速器的加工顺序以及切削用量的选择，结合数控加工的原理，分别进行零件图的加工工艺分析，确定加工方案，确定刀具的选择，确定切削用量的选择，严格控制掉头装夹产生的跳动及圆跳动误差的检测。以分析差速器的加工过程中出现的一系列问题，使工件以最合适的方法加工完成，从而在变速器中更为精确的配合，产生更大经济利益。
Personal finances in the palm of your hand: an experience report
Authors: Wataya Roberto Sussumu , Frauches Patricia , Bergamo Andressa Ferreira
Published: August 2020

The Projeto Gestão Financeira na Palma da Mão, was elaborated aiming to raise awareness of the theme of finance for undergraduates of theCentro Universitário Adventista of São Paulo campus São Paulo – UNASP / SP, and the surrounding community, because it is understood that it is a very important theme for the future of these young university students. The aim of this study was to train individuals more aware and responsible about the use of money, providing a change in behavior and financial attitudes in order to obtain effective results in social and professional life. This study presented the results of the ninth edition of the 2018 project, which began in 2010, data were collected at UNASP/SP. The activities consisted of lectures on the theme in question and application of activities aimed at raising awareness and knowing how their financial health is, in addition, the Mobills, GuiaBolso and Realcash applications were used, allowing participants to “get to know” and become familiar, and then choose one of them, as a tool to control their personal finances. The performance “in degree of ease” of the participants with the applications had the following results with Mobills 85%; GuiaBolso 90% and RealCash 75%, from this result the GuiaBolso application was the highlight for the participants. Thus, we can affirm that most of the students completed the seven stages satisfactorily. For the final considerations, we can affirm that financial education combined with technological resources with own applications, resulted in a significant awareness of young people seeking greater knowledge about finance, in order to be able to make better choices related to money, in the short, medium and long term.
ALTERAÇÕES MORFOLÓGICAS NO TECIDO ÓSSEO EM ANIMAIS TREINADOS EM ESTEIRA MOTORIZADA
Authors: Silva Andreson Charles de Freitas , Freitas Priscilla de Oliveira Mendonça
Published: August 2020

De acordo com a World Health Organization, o Diabetes Mellitus é uma síndrome de etiologia múltipla, ocasionada pela falta de insulina ou por uma incapacidade da insulina de exercer de forma eficaz sua função. O exercício físico é definido como toda atividade física planejada e repetitiva que tem por objetivo a melhoria das funções do organismo. A prática de pelo menos 150 minutos semanais de atividade com intensidade moderada é recomendada para pacientes com diabetes mellitus. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a influência do exercício físico no tecido ósseo de ratos diabéticos submetidos ao treinamento em esteira motorizada. Foram utilizados 12 animais, divididos em dois grupos: Diabético Sedentário (DS) que não praticava nenhum exercício e Diabético treinado (DT) submetidos ao exercício físico em esteira durante 10 semanas duas vezes por dia, com 6h de repouso entre uma sessão e outra, 5 dias por semana. O diabetes foi induzido através de injeção intraperitoneal de estreptozotocina (60mg/Kg, S.C; Sigma ChemicalCo.) dissolvida em tampão de citrato, pH 4.5. Realizamos, neste estudo, a mensuração das tíbias de ratos diabéticos para verificar a possível participação do exercício físico no desenvolvimento ósseo desses animais. Como resultado, verificou-se que o exercício foi capaz de promover de forma significativa o aumento nos diâmetros da diáfise e epífise distal, bem como aumento no comprimento e peso das tíbias do grupo (DT) vs (DS) com p<0,05.
Franceso Giacomantonio, Sociologia e sociosofia. Dinamiche della riflessione sociale contemporanea (Trieste: Asterios, 2012)
Authors: Baruchello Giorgio
Published: August 2020

Giacomantonio’s new book sets a task for itself that is both humble and bold, that is, to charter crucial themes of contemporary sociology in order to make sense of this discipline’s 21st-century theoretical evolutions.
Katy Fox, Peasants into European Farmers? EU Integration in the Carpathian Mountains of Romania (Zurich: LIT Verlag, 2011)
Authors: Serban Henrieta
Published: August 2020

As the Romanian philosopher and poet Lucian Blaga said: “Eternity was born in the village.”
Viorella Manolache (ed.), Centru si margine la Marea Mediterana. Filosofie politica si realitate internationala (Bucharest: Editura ISPRI, 2009)
Authors: Serban Henrieta
Published: August 2020

The collective volume entitled Center-Margin at the Mediterranean Sea (Political Philosophy and International Reality) was conceived as an ampler echo and also as a complementary dimension to the laboratory work of the journal of the Institute of Political Science and International Relations of the Romanian Academy, Romanian Review of Political Sciences and International Relations.
Initiation of Population-based Cancer Registry in Nepal
Authors: Chapagain Sandhya , Budukh Atul , Dangal Ganesh , Jha Anjani Kumar
Published: August 2020

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Оценка эффективности системы раннего оповещения о сильных землетрясениях в условиях редкой сети сейсмических станций
Authors: Ибрагимов Алишер Хайдарович
Published: August 2020

Цель. Разработка системы раннего оповещения о сильных землетрясениях в условиях редкой сети сейсмических станций.

Методы. Исследования проводятся в трех направлениях – оперативная автоматическая генерация карт изосейст после события, создание акселерометров с возможностью отправки данных на центральный сервер с последующим расчетом ожидаемой интенсивности колебаний и времени ожидания события и разработка прибора, непрерывно рассчитывающего спектр колебаний по вертикальной компоненте и подающего сигнал при поступлении волны с периодом больше 2 с и величиной ускорений определенной величины.

Результаты. Получены зависимости величины землетрясения от периода P-волны и пиковой амплитуды смещения грунта. Создана система автоматического построения карт изосейст сильных событий, запущен сервер сбора данных от удаленных станций, отправляющий предупреждение об ожидаемом землетрясении посредством telegram-bot.

Область применения исследований. Полученные результаты дают возможность реализовать систему предупреждения о сильных землетрясениях, которая может быть использована в МЧС для оперативной оценки ситуации, защиты особо важных объектов (плотин крупных водохранилищ, атомных электростанций и т. д.).
Perfil socioeconômico dos consumidores e comerciantes de frutas de Barra-BA
Authors: Oliveira Iurimon , Aquino César Fernandes , Guerra Antônia Mirian Nogueira de Moura , Bezerra Neto Francisco das Chagas Bezerra , Caiana Clarice Ribeiro Alves , Medeiros Aline Carla de , Maracajá Patrício Borges
Published: August 2020

Objetivou-se identificar o perfil dos consumidores e dos comerciantes de frutas da cidade de Barra-BA, de forma a gerar dados informativos acerca do comércio e consumo de frutas, com vistas à proposição de melhorias e exploração de novos nichos do mercado de frutas da cidade. As entrevistas foram realizadas por meio de aplicação de questionário socioeconômico, aplicado no comércio varejista de frutas e feiras livres da cidade. 60,5 % dos consumidores são do sexo feminino, sendo 45% com idade entre 20 e 35 anos. A frequência de compra de frutas é semanal (62,5%), e a maioria dos consumidores (36%) gasta em média de R$ 21 a 30 por compra de frutas. Para 69% a qualidade das frutas atende a suas exigências parcialmente. Os sacolões se destacam como local de preferência para compra de frutas, representando 51%. A banana é a fruta mais consumida pelos entrevistados (82%). 60,4% dos comerciantes não compram frutas na cidade, por não encontrar, sendo a cidade de Irecê-BA a principal fonte fornecedora de frutas (92,6%), que são transportadas em caminhões baú fechado (46,4%) e caminhões com carroceria aberta (43,9%). A perda pós-colheita é unanime entre os comerciantes, sendo que a maioria não sabe como resolver o problema. A frequência de compras do consumidor de frutas é influenciada pela logística dos comerciantes que costumam renovar as prateleiras apenas uma vez por semana. Melhorias nos comércios de frutas na cidade devem ser incentivadas para atender melhor a população e evitar perdas pós-colheita.
Avaliação da qualidade de serviços através do modelo SERVQUAL: um estudo de caso em uma clínica médica da Cidade de Pau dos Ferros, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
Authors: Lima Jacob Alves , Acuña Gioconda Sunción
Published: August 2020

A qualidade na prestação de serviços na área da saúde se apresenta como um elemento indispensável para as empresas, visto que busca maximizar o bem-estar e satisfação do cliente. Nesse sentido, a avaliação desse serviço torna-se relevante por permitir identificar as fragilidades a serem corrigidas. Assim, o estudo tem por objetivo geral avaliar o nível de qualidade no atendimento, em uma clínica médica da cidade de Pau dos Ferros/RN por meio da aplicação do modelo SERVQUAL. Esta pesquisa é caracterizada como estudo descritivo, de caráter exploratório, configurado como estudo de caso. Como ferramenta de pesquisa foi empregado o modelo SERVQUAL, a partir da aplicação de 2 questionários constituídos por 22 questões cada, aplicados a 50 clientes. Como resultado da pesquisa constatou-se que os principais gaps negativos identificados estão associados à tangibilidade e responsividade, em que se destacam a ausência de vagas para estacionamento e o dispêndio de tempo em filas de espera. Todavia, ressalta-se as determinantes positivas, sendo confiabilidade, segurança e empatia. É importante que haja um processo contínuo de monitoramento, identificação das causas dos pontos negativos encontrados e adoção de mecanismos adequados para a melhoria.
Avaliação e diagnóstico de sistema de drenagem urbana consolidado
Authors: Monteiro Pablo Rhuan Ataide , Mendes Thiago Augusto
Published: August 2020

Falhas nos sistemas de drenagem urbana são problemas corriqueiramente encontrados no cenário brasileiro. Problemas estes relacionados com a intensa antropização dos centros urbanos, falhas na concepção de projetos e deficiências das diretrizes normativas que orientam ocupação e uso do solo. Neste contexto, o presente artigo objetiva apresentar método para avaliação e diagnóstico de sistemas de drenagem urbana consolidados (GAPs), de forma a subsidiar possíveis ações corretivas para o adequado funcionamento do importante eixo do saneamento básico que é o manejo de águas pluviais. A elaboração do método é complementada com a aplicação da metodologia à área de estudo (setor Serra Dourada, 3ª etapa), sendo discriminados os métodos para verificação do dimensionamento e obtenção de dados que os subsidiam. Os resultados da verificação do dimensionamento indicaram insuficiência da quantidade de bocas de lobo e subdimensionamento das GAPs para drenagem da vazão total, conduzindo ao redimensionamento do sistema e apresentação das especificidades necessárias para que os equipamentos atendam à realidade local.
Caracterização das teses e dissertações brasileiras na área de Enfermagem em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Amorim Ingrid Gurgel , Morais Rafael Otávio Bezerra de , Amorim Érico Gurgel , Medeiros Neta Olívia Morais de , Beserra Patrícia Josefa Fernandes , Sousa Andreza dos Santos , Mendonça Ana Elza Oliveira de
Published: August 2020

Objetivou-se caracterizar a produção de teses e dissertações brasileiras na área de enfermagem em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Estudo de revisão bibliométrica realizado no mês de outubro de 2018 na Plataforma Sucupira. Utilizou-se o descritor “Unidades de Terapia Intensiva” e incluíram-se teses e dissertações publicadas nos anos de 2013 a 2017. Os dados foram tabulados no Microsoft Excel® e os resumos processados no Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaire (IRAMUTEQ). A população constou de 181 produções, das quais 71,8% eram dissertações, 20,6% teses e 7,6% monografias de mestrados profissionais. As regiões do Brasil com maiores percentuais de produções foram a Sudeste (44,0%) e Sul (23,2%). As principais áreas de concentrações em UTI foram: “Enfermagem no contexto social brasileiro” e “Saúde e Enfermagem”. No IRAMUTEQ o corpus geral foi constituído por 181 dissertações e teses, 1714 segmentos de textos e 60.838 ocorrências. Aproveitaram-se 1584 (92,42%) segmentos, configurando-se em corpus significativo. A Nuvem de Palavras destacou a relação entre a terapia intensiva e a “equipe de enfermagem”, a “segurança” e a “segurança do paciente” os diferentes grupos de pacientes desta assistência: “neonatal”, “criança” e “adulto”. A terapia intensiva é um cenário rico e complexo para a realização de pesquisas e os resultados das produções contribuem para a melhoria da segurança do paciente e da assistência de enfermagem.
Estudo comparativo de técnicas de criopreservação em tecido somático de Felis silvestres catus
Authors: Martins Jane Cleide Jenuario , Praxedes Érika Almeida , Nascimento Matheus Barbosa do , Aquino Leonardo Vitorino Costa de , Alves Nilza Dutra , Oliveira Moacir Franco de , Pereira Alexsandra Fernandes
Published: August 2020

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar os efeitos da Congelação Lenta (CL) e da Vitrificação em Superfície Sólida (VSS) na criopreservação da pele auricular apical de gatos domésticos utilizando ferramentas histológicas. Fragmentos de pele obtidos a partir de seis gatos (Felis silvestres catus) foram processados e destinadas à criopreservação por CL e VSS, utilizando uma solução composta por Meio Essencial Mínimo Modificado por Dulbecco (DMEM) acrescida de dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) a 1,5 M ou 3,0 M, para CL e VSS, respectivamente, além de 0,25 M de sacarose e 10% de soro fetal bovino (SFB). Após o aquecimento, as amostras foram destinadas ao processamento histológico para posterior realização das colorações com hematoxilina-eosina, tricrômico de Gômori, e coloração de Weigert, bem como foi realizada a marcação de regiões organizadoras de nucléolo (NORs) utilizando nitrato de prata. Na técnica de VSS, características como espessura da epiderme, derme e espessura total da pele, apresentaram valores similares ao grupo controle (p > 0,05). Além disso, a VSS mostrou-se eficiente na manutenção do número de células epidermais e percentual de fibras de colágenas. Conclui-se que a aplicação da técnica de VSS mostrou-se superior na manutenção histológica da pele auricular apical de gatos domésticos, auxiliando na geração de um banco somático da espécie.
Descrição dos Fatores Motivacionais no Setor Público: O Caso da Emater – Regional Caiapó
Authors: Furquim Maria Gláucia Dourado , Abdala Klaus de Oliveira , Andrade Adriene Silva , Sousa Júnior José Carlos de , Oliveira Daniela Cabral de , Salviano Paulo Alexandre Perdomo , Rabelo Juliano de Caldas
Published: August 2020

Toda organização é constituída por pessoas e o pleno exercício de suas atividades pode estar condicionado aos aspectos motivacionais desses indivíduos no ambiente de trabalho. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa, fundamentada na abordagem teórica motivacional da gestão de pessoas, segundo os dois fatores de Herzberg, objetiva identificar os fatores que influenciam a motivação dos colaboradores da Emater - Regional Caiapó, localizada na região Oeste de Goiás, realizando um estudo de caso. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa descritiva, visando a identificação e análise dos dados, com a aplicação de questionário que evidenciem os fatores de satisfação e insatisfação dos colaboradores. Os resultados obtidos apontaram satisfação com a realização do trabalho em si e sua contribuição na conclusão de uma tarefa. A insatisfação remeteu às questões salariais e possibilidades de crescimento e desenvolvimento profissional.
Breve histórico da letalidade no exercício da atividade policial no Estado do Pará, Amazônia- Brasil
Authors: Garcia Carlos Stilianidi , Ramos Edson Marcos Leal Soares
Published: August 2020

O estudo objetiva descrever o panorama da letalidade decorrente da intervenção policial no Estado do Pará, Brasil. É utilizada a técnica da estatística descritiva, com enfoque quantitativo dos dados, a partir do censo dos casos registrados no período de 2011 a 2016, no Estado do Pará. Os dados policiais foram obtidos junto à Polícia Civil do Estado do Pará. Os resultados obtidos indicam a incidência com tendência de alta de mortes decorrentes de intervenção policial, principalmente na Região Metropolitana de Belém, capital do Estado. Dessa forma, é necessário que haja frequente interação entre sociedade e a polícia como forma de controle eficaz da atividade policial, garantindo respeito aos direitos humanos.