bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETERMINATION OF DELTAMETHRIN RESIDUES IN MANDARIN ORANGE AND STUDYING ITS PHYSIOLOYICAL EFFECTS ON MALE MICE BLOOD PROFILE
Authors: &et al. Jawad
Published: June 2020

Deltamethrin insecticide was highly toxic to mammals and had long-term residual effects and easily causing environmental pollution. The dependence concentration of deltamethrin (25 ppm) was used to treat  unripe mandarin orange fruits through a field experiment. A daily and weekly fruit samples, up to 35 days, were examined for deltamethrin residues. The concentrations  of  deltamethrin  which immigrated via peel into flesh of mandarin orange were 3.4, 3.9, 4.5 and 5.2 ppm after 1, 2, 3 and 4 days respectively. The levels of deltamethrin residues were decreased (due to many degradation reasons) from the maximum amount (after 4 days) to undetectable amount after 35 days. The field experiment showed that the fruits are ready to consume (matured) after 21 days, at this time,  the deltamethrin residue was 2.3 ppm in mandarin fruit flesh, while the Maximum Residue Level of deltamethrin recommended is 0.02 mg/kg. Dealing with the peel part of fruits, at zero time, the mandarin orange peel trapped more than 40% of the initial concentration (25 ppm) of deltamethrin. The effect of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 ppm deltamethrin, on blood profile of male mice was determined.
PROTEIN EFFICIENCY IN JAPANESE QUAIL (Coturnix-coturnix Japonica) FED FERMENTED PALM KERNEL CAKE BY ( Aspergillus niger)
Authors: &et al. Nurhayati , &et al. Nurhayati
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted to determine the efficiency of protein in quails fed fermented palm kernel cake by Aspergillus niger (FPKC). Ninety six three-weeks-old female quails were raised in 16 cages with 60 x 60 x 40 in size of each and 6 quails each. Diets were formulated by yellow corn, rice bran, soybean meal, coconut meal, fish meal, bone meal, premix, palm kernel cake and fermented palm kernel cake by Aspergillus niger. This study used a randomized block design with 4 treatments and 4 blocks as replications. The treatments were R0 = basal diet as a control diet, R1 = basal diet + 15 % FPKC, R2 = basal diet + 20 % FPKC, R3 = basal diet + 25 % FPKC. The observed variables were feed consumption, body weight gain, protein consumption and protein efficiency. The results from this study showed that quail fed fermented palm kernel cake by Aspergilus niger had no significantly different on their performance ; feed intake, body weight gain, protein consumption and protein efficiency. It can be concluded that using palm kernel cake by Aspergillus niger up to 25% in the ratio had no adverse effect on quail performance and protein efficiency.
STUDY OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF VEGETATION INDEX OF AL-ZAWRA AMMUSEMENT PARK IN BAGHDAD AREA USING GEOTECHNIQUES
Authors: & Jasim Al-fatlawi
Published: June 2020

The recent needs using new technologies depending on the geomatics and geotachnologies represented by remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) as a tool to manage urban parks green spaces as it allows to collect a lot of data easily and quickly. Also, geoanalyzing and interpreting them to improve these spaces role in urban cities. Normalized differences of vegetation index (NDVI) is considered as one of the most important geotechnical applications and a mean to monitor and interpret changes occurring in this land cover. NDVI has been studied by using Arc GIS v10.3 and the image taken by landsat 8 of OLI sensor at spatial resolution 30*30m2. NDVI result showed that it was ranging between (0- -0.6) in no vegetative cover areas such as water surfaces and bare soils areas at 2.13% of the total area of Al-Zawra park area. It was also ranging between  (0.4 – 0.3) in areas heavy with large trees planted intensively in that area of 1.25% of the park. Other values ranged between (0.2 – 0.3) of areas  planted with less intensive trees them previous of 12.4% of the total area of the park. NDVI ranged between     (0.1 – 0.2) in areas planted separately with plants where this area formed 60.92% of the total park area. Last category ranged between (0 – 0.1) where it include light vegetation cover of pale colors including weeds and grasses up to parking lots and empty spaces of (0) NDVI values at 23.30% of the total area of the park.
DEVELOPMENT SOIL FERTILITY MAP BY GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY FOR AL-SOUERA
Authors: & AL-Aloosy AlBudeiri
Published: June 2020

The study area is located in Wasit province, represented in Al-Souera about 60km south of Baghdad (464273.369- 463318.982) East and (3643443.734 - 3643798.3013) North. GIS technology was used to predict some of soil fertility parameters by using Kriging Application and to produce a final fertility map by standard method of assessment, building a database of soil characteristics in GIS environmental. The results showed: There were four classes of fertility assessment in the study area, very fertile soil class was not found because the study area did not contain the ideal state of the indicators used in soil fertility assessment. The fertile soil class in the study area was 7.53% from the total area were silty clay loam texture, high organic matter, neutral pH, moderately CaCO3, high CEC, high contain NPK, low ECe , and low ESP. The moderately fertile soil class in the study area was 51.99 % from the total area were silty clay loam texture, low organic matter, neutral pH, high CaCO3, high CEC, high contain NPK, low ECe, and low ESP. The slightly fertile soil class in the study area was 39.61 % from the total area were silty clay loam texture, moderately organic matter, neutral pH, high CaCO3, high CEC, high contain NPK, moderately ECe, and low ESP. The non-fertile soil class in the study area was 0.93% from study area. The soil productivity digresses because of low organic matter, high CaCO3, and high ECe.
Manejo anestésico de paciente con púrpura de Henoch-Schönlein y dolor abdominal en fosa ilíaca derecha
Authors: Morales Villatoro Daniel Marcelo , Muralles Claudia
Published: June 2020

La púrpura de Henoch-Schönlein se trata de una enfermedad sistémica caracterizada principalmente por vasculitis de pequeños vasos, dolor abdominal, artralgias (o artritis) y daño renal, observándose de manera particular en la población pediátrica comprendida entre los 2 y 6 años de edad y manifestando particularidades específicas que representan un reto para el anestesiólogo durante el perioperatorio. Se reporta a continuación el manejo anestésico de una menor de 9 años que acude a urgencias con dolor abdominal en fosa ilíaca derecha y es ingresada a sala de operaciones para realizar apendicectomía.
Array Representation of Entanglement for Pseudo-Quantum Gate Computing on Conventional Digital Circuits
Authors: Hirano Takeshi
Published: June 2020

Entanglement is important on quantum gate based computer.

Simple implementation of simulated entanglement on conventional digital circuits requires

 spatial complexity O(2^N) where N is number of qubits.

In this article, array representation of entanglement which requires

 spatial complexity O(N^2) is proposed for simulated quantum gate on conventional digital circuits.

Simulation shows proposed method can solve the problem which Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm solves.
Optimal Control Model Pemanenan Prey-Predator di Area Konservasi Ikan
Authors: Yunita Nur Afifah  , MNH Qomarudin  , Imamatul Ummah
Published: June 2020

The longer the fish population will decrease or experience extinction due to continuous fishing by humans. Conservation areas are needed as an effort to maintain the marine ecosystem and avoid extinction. The dynamics stability of the model can be seen from the equilibrium point. So that the application of mathematics can be used to make prey-predator population dynamics models and determine ways to optimize fish harvesting. The mathematical model is divided into three populations and in two different areas. To get maximum harvesting (E), use the Pontryagin Maximum Principle. So that the maximum benefit obtained when harvesting is 0.77 to 0.95.
Türkiye Siyasi ve Toplumsal Hayatında Başörtüsünün Değişen Anlamları
Authors: AKBOĞA Sema
Published: June 2020

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulmasından itibaren kadınların seküler modernleşmenin en görünür aktörleri olmaları sebebiyle, başörtüsü ya da çeşitli örtünme biçimleri Türkiye tarihinin tartışmalı konularından biri olagelmiştir. 1980’lerden itibaren de seküler elitler başörtüsünü, İslamcıların sistemi bir İslam devletine dönüştürmeye yönelik çabalarının bir parçası olarak görmüşler ve başörtüsünü eğitim ve diğer kamu kuruluşlarında yasaklamak için çeşitli araçlar kullanmışlardır. Bu makale, kadınların dini bir pratiği olan başörtüsünün hem İslami ve hem de seküler siyaset tarafından nasıl ifade edildiğini, ne amaçla kullanıldığını, siyasi kamplaşmalarda nasıl bir rol oynadığını, özellikle de erkek siyasetçiler tarafından siyasi bir sembole dönüştürüldüğünü, başörtüsü yasaklarını ve kadınların tüm bu süreçlerde hangi şekillerde yer aldığını tarihsel bir perspektif kullanarak inceleyecektir.
ISSUES OF AGITATION AND SOCIAL ECOLOGY
Authors: Gulamov Akram Bakhromovich
Published: June 2020

This article discusses the changes in environmental policy in our country in recent years, its socio-spiritual basis, and the importance of using the views of social scientists on the problem of social ecology in the development of environmental culture in citizens.
KEY WORDS AND PHRASES: ecology, environmental policy, ecological culture, jadids, enlightenment, social ecology, child rearing
ERICH FROMM’S THEORY: THE NATURE OF HUMAN SOUL,
ALIENATION AND ESCAPE FROM FREEDOM
Authors: Asatulloev Inomjon
Published: June 2020

The article analyzes the philosophy of Erich Fromm, the human heart, goodness and evil inclinations, sadism, the problems of freedom of worship, human destructiveness, various forms of aggression, contradictory necrophilia and biophilia. In the philosophy of Erich Fromm, the heart of the human soul is shown by the desire for destructive desires and the uplifting desires - love for humanity and freedom. Our goal is to analyze the souls of human minds based on the works of the intellectuals. From the Erich Fromm heart concept, the robotic personality and the character of the stranger are disclosed.
KEY WORDS: sadism, heart, egoism, violence, weakness, alienation.
ANALISIS DAN ESTIMASI BIAYA BUBUR ORGANIK DAN PUDING RASA MITRA PROCIL KARAWANG
Authors: Annisa Indah Pratiwi
Published: June 2020

Analisis dan estimasi biaya diperlukan untuk mengetahui besar biaya produksi, harga pokok produksi, Break Even Point dan mengetahui profit suatu produk. Hal ini juga berlaku di outlet Mitra Sehat Indonesia (Procil) Karawang yang banyak mendapatkan order dari pelanggan, sehingga peneliti tertarik untuk menganalisis perusahaan Mitra Procil Karawang tersebut dengan menggunakan metode service hours dalam menghitung penggunaan asset secara penuh, full costing method dalam menentukan Harga Pokok Produksi (HPP), gross margin pricing (Mark Up) method dalam menentukan harga jual dan Break Even Point dalam menentukan minimal batas penjualan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan. Dari hasil penelitian selama periode satu bulan diperoleh Harga Pokok Produksi sebesar Rp. 7.791.594, Harga Pokok Penjualan sebesar Rp. 9.739.492, harga jual per unit bubur organik sebesar Rp. 3.500, harga jual per unit puding sebesar Rp. 2.500, BEP unit bubur organik sebesar 861,8 porsi, BEP Rupiah bubur organik sebesar Rp. 3.016.300, BEP unit puding sebesar 214 cups, BEP Rupiah pudding sebesar Rp. 536.729 dan total profit sebesar Rp. 15.079.000. Kata Kunci: Harga Pokok Produksi, harga jual, Break Even Point, keuntungan
PERBAIKAN PROSES PERAKITAN CASE ASSEMBLY FRONT WITH WATER PUMP AND OIL PUMP PADA PERUSAHAAN AUTOMOTIVE DI KARAWANG
Authors: Sayuti Muhamad
Published: June 2020

This research was conducted on companies engaged in the automotive sector. Many automotive component products are produced by this company, one of which is the case assembly front with water pump and oil pump. There are several elements that can be observed in the assembly process of the case assembly front with water pump and oil pump, starting from the number of man power, SOP (Standard Operational Procedure), assembled components, and so on. In the assembly process, there are several things that become obstacles, both in terms of product quality or from the constraints of the machines used. The case assembly front with water pump and oil pump has its own standard time or cycle time to meet customer demands. The production process for the case assembly front with water pump and oil pump still creates NG products which cannot be forwarded to the next process. The suggestion to increase the number of workers in the 004 line assembly, which is to 4 workers, can cause productivity to decrease from 0.85% to 0.81%. However, production capacity increased by 27% from the previous.
State of forest genetic resources in the world and in Ukraine
Authors: Tkach V. P. , Los S. A. , Vysotska N. Yu. , Tereshchenko L. I. , Torosova L. O.
Published: June 2020

The aim of the article is to generalize the information presented in the FAO report ‘The State of World Forest Genetic Resources (FGR) and in the reports on the state of forest genetic resources in Ukraine and other countries.
Results and Discussion. To draw up the World Report, the information was provided by 86 countries which occupy 76% of the earth's surface and involve 85% of the total forest area. The countries’ reports cover 8,000 species of trees, palm trees and bamboo, among which about 2,400 are economically important; at that, information at the genetic level is only available for 500 to 600 species. The vast majority of important for environmental protection species (84%) are indigenous, in contrast to those economically important, 85% of which are introduced species. About 50 indigenous and non-native species of forest trees are used in the forestry of Ukraine. 26 of them are given as high-priority ones. They are used to produce wood, pulp, fuel, non-timber products, as well as to create protective plantations. The total number of species and subspecies in the world that are preserved in situ is almost 1,000, with about 500 of them – in Asia and almost 200 in both Europe and Africa. In Ukraine, there are about 30 of such species. In cases where in situ conservation is problematic, alternative methods are used, namely ex situ. The total number of species that are conserved ex situ is 1,800; at that, 1,025 of them grow in Africa, 401 – in Europe, 389 – in Asia, 372 – in Latin America and the Caribbean, 265 – in North America, 102 – in the Middle East and 57 species – in Oceania. In Ukraine, they make a stock of the seeds of more than 130 tree and shrub species, including decorative ones. Man-made forests are created with more than 20 species of trees annually. Non-native species of woody plants in the forestry of Ukraine make 39%. Methodological approaches to the study of genetic variability involve analysis of biometric, morphological and biochemical characteristics, as well as DNA markers. They analyze genetic variation as in field studies in provenance trail and progeny tests, so in laboratory studies.
Conclusions. The basic tasks for the forest genetic resources conservation is to develop and implement national in situ and ex situ conservation strategies for sustainable use of FGR, to strengthen the role which forests and protective stands play in the in situ FGR conservation, and to identify first-priority measures at the species level. FGR conservation strategies should contribute to both ecosystem restoration using appropriate genetic material and adaptation to climate change along with mitigating its impacts.
TANDOALE: DARI TRADISI KE AGENDA POLITIK-EKONOMI ERA REFORMASI DI BOMBANA SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Ahmad Taufik
Published: June 2020

Dalam proses relasi sejarah, budaya dan kekuasaan antara etnis Bugis dan Moronene memproduksi tandoale sebagai sumpah persaudaraan antara kedua etnis. Tandoale dimaknai sebagai kohesi sosial pada akhirnya menjadi identitas budaya baru “Bugis-Moronene”. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk memeriksa perubahan makna tandoale dari tradisi ke agenda politik-ekonomi di era reformasi .Dengan menggunakan metodologi sejarah dan pendekatan antropologi, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa makna dari identitas budaya tandoale senantiasa berubah seiring dengan perubahan-perubahan sosial-politik dalam konteks lebih luas.Di era Pilkada, tandoale selain sebagai perekat sosial, juga dimaknai sebagai politik representasi Bugis-Moronene dalam berdemokrasi, dan sekaligus diartikulasikan oleh elite politik di tingkal lokal untuk memuluskan tujuan-tujuan politik tertentu.Ketika sektor pertambangan emas berkembang, identitas budaya tandoale menguat di tengah munculnya persilangan kepentingan di dalamnya. Kepentingan masyarakat adat Moronene mempertahankan tanah adat dari ekspansi pertambangan bersinergi dengan kepentingan ekonomi orang Bugis dalam mengakses pertambangan.Tandoale muncul dan dimaknai kembali sebagai ruang budaya yang memfasilitasi kepentingan Bugis-Moronene. Pada saat yang sama, perusahaan penambang, penambang pendatang, pemerintah daerah dan elite birokrasi juga memiliki kepentingan dalam pertambangan. Persilangan kepentingan ini mengakibatkan Bugis-Moronene dengan tandoale-nya terartikulasi di berbagai level, menguat dalam kompetisi ekonomi di sektor pertambangan dan menjadi politik representasi dalam Pilakada.
DINAMIKA PERAN SANDO MEANAQ DALAM UPACARA KELAHIRAN BAYI PADA MASYARAKAT MANDAR
Authors: Saleh Nur Alam
Published: June 2020

Tulisan yang disajikan ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan peran dan dinamika sando meanaq dalam upacara tradisional, pada tahap (a) masa kehamilan, (b) kelahiran, dan (c) pascamelahirkan, pada masyarakat Mandar di Kabupaten Majene. Informasi yang tersaji ini terjaring melalui metode pengamatan (observasi) dan wawancara mendalam (depth interview), serta dokumentasi tertulis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peran seorang sando meanaq dalam sistem upacara masa hamil, melahirkan, dan pasca kelahiran seorang bayi masih tetap diselenggarakan. Meskipun sedikit mengalami pergeseran dengan keterlibatan bidan desa, tidak terlalu signifikan dalam proses pelaksanaannya. Fungsi dan makna dari sebuah upacara itu masih tetap dipegang teguh oleh masyarakat pendukungnya.
LAHIRNYA PERJANJIAN LANRISANG DAN SALEMO ABAD XVII
Authors: Hafid Rosdiana
Published: June 2020

Kajian penelitian ini merupakan sejarah politik yang mewarnai kehidupan masyarakat Sulawesi Selatan antara Kerajaan Balanipa dengan Kerajaan Bone. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap dan menjelaskan tentang lahirnya Perjanjian Lanrisang dan Perjanjian Salemo. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah metode sejarah yang meliputi empat tahap secara sistematis, yaitu: pengumpulan data, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan penulisan sejarah. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa tiga perjanjian lahir karena dilatari adanya konflik antara dua pihak.Konflik itu kemudian berkembang menjadi peperangan yang sangat merugikan semua pihak yang bertikai. Akhir dari peperangan itulah yang menutup dan mengakhiri segalanya dengan lahirnya sebuah perjanjian. Dua perjanjian itu melibatkan secara langsung Kerajaan Balanipa, yaitu Perjanjian Salemo satu dan Perjanjian Lanrisang. Sementara itu, Perjanjian Salemo tidak melibatkan secara langsung Kerajaan Balanipa, tetapi yang berkonflik adalah Todani Arung Bakke, raja dari Kerajaan Limae Ajatappareng.
TRANSFORMASI PENANGKAPAN IKAN DI TAKIMPO KECAMATAN PASARWAJO BUTON SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Hasmah Hasmah
Published: June 2020

Tulisan ini mengkaji transformasi penangkapan ikan di Kelurahan Takimpo Pasarwajo Kabupaten Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi yang kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan proses alat tangkap dari tradisional ke alat tangkap modern dengan perkembangan alat tangkap dapat meningkatkan produktiftas perikanan rakyat melalui perkenalan teknologi baru. Melalui teknologi tersebut diharapkan masyarakat dapat memanfaatkan sumber daya alam dan potensi sumber daya manusia guna meningkatkan kehidupan sosial masyarakat itu sendiri. Pemakaian alat tangkap yang lebih modern bagi masyarakat nelayan di Takimpo merupakan pendorong besar untuk mengembangkan berbagai perubahan. Perubahan tidak hanya orang bekerja, melainkan juga gaya hidup dan nilai-nilai itu sendiri.
RAGAM HIAS MAKAM KUNO RAJA-RAJA KALOKKO’E
Authors: Rakhmat Muhammad Aulia
Published: June 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis dan ciri khas ragam hias pada makam Raja-raja Kalokko’E di Kabupaten Bone. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga jenis ragam hias yang diterapkan pada makam tersebut, yakni motif flora, motif geometris, dan kaligrafi arab. Ciri khas ragam hias pada makam Raja-Raja Kalokko’E adalah sebagian besar ragam hiasnya menggunakan motif flora yakni ragam hias bermotif tumbuhan yang menjalar atau merambat dimana daun dan tangkainya ikut menjalar. Ragam hias yang diterapakan juga telah mendapat pengaruh ajaran Islam. Sebagaimana dengan posisi makam yang menunjukkan ciri Islam yaitu membujur menghadap kiblat
FROM THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Authors: Khamidulina Kh. Kh.
Published: June 2020

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STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF PULMONOTOXICOLOGICAL ACTION OF CARBONYL DICHLORIDE
Authors: Tolkach P. G.
Published: June 2020

Accidents at industrial facilities that use phosgene as a feedstock for the synthesis of chemical compounds can become a source of formation of a persistent focus of chemical contamination. Phosgene has an acylating effect on the macromolecules of the components of the aerogematic barrier, which leads to the development of toxic pulmonary edema. To date, it is not known which component of the aerogematic barrier (surfactant layer, alveolocytes or endotheliocytes) serves as the primary target for this toxicant. It has been found in vitro that the action of phosgene on the surfactant (Biosurf Ltd., Russian Federation) did not lead to a decrease in the content of main phospholipids (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine), but contributed to an increase in the content of compounds from the group of lysophosphatidylethanolamines (proinflammatory agents). In in vivo study with intraperitoneal administration of phosgene to laboratory animals (rats), there were no signs of an inflammatory reaction of the components of the mesentery of the small intestine. Pathological changes in the lungs and liver of animals that received phosgene intraperitoneal were also not detected. The results of the study indicate that endotheliocytes located in the aerogematic barrier do not play a leading role in the initiation of a proinflammatory cascade in lung tissues after inhaled exposure to phosgene. The primary sources of proinflammatory mediators that lead to the development of toxic pulmonary edema may be alveolocytes and/or surfactant components.
GREEN PESTICIDES (ADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION)
Authors: Khamidulina Kh. Kh. , Rabikova D. N.
Published: June 2020

Currently, the excessive use of pesticides has caused environmental problems and become a subject of deep reflection, both for the public and for scientists. Since pesticides are harmful to ecosystems and human health, there is a need to study pesticides that meet the goals of green chemistry to varying degrees, meaning they are safe, effective and biodegradable with minimal environmental disturbance. The implementation of biopesticides is a new and advanced tool for creating natural products safe for humans and the environment. This makes the commercial appeal of green pesticides interesting, but their introduction raises questions on the development of a system of safety criteria and regulation.
Análisis ambiental de la movilidad y el consumo de papel en los estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Fernández María José , García Fronti Verónica , Parma Andrea
Published: June 2020

Las actividades que se desarrollan en las organizaciones educativas tienen un determinado impacto ambiental. Analizar el efecto de las mismas sobre el medio ambiente permite determinar y priorizar acciones para minimizarlo. Una forma de cuantificarlo es mediante el indicador ambiental Huella Ecológica que tiene un alto potencial como herramienta de concientización.
Este tipo de organizaciones presentan un alto consumo de papel. Además, la movilidad de la comunidad hacia las sedes en las cuales se realizan las actividades académicas involucra un uso intensivo de transporte (trenes, subte, colectivos, bicicletas y autos particulares).
Con el objetivo de calcular el indicador Huella Ecológica se realizó una encuesta a estudiantes de la asignatura Análisis Matemático II de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas (FCE) de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) para determinar el consumo de papel y el tipo de movilidad utilizada para asistir a clase. Con estos datos, se calculó el impacto ambiental de dicha actividad.
En este trabajo se describe la metodología utilizada y se presentan los resultados obtenidos sobre estos dos aspectos ambientales: consumo de papel y transporte estudiantil.
First Record of Two Species of Eudactylina (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Elasmobranch Fishes of the Arabian Gulf
Authors: Adday Thamir K. , Khamees Najim R.
Published: June 2020

Description and some ecological aspects of two species of Eudactylina (E. rhinabati and E. turgipes) were found parasitic on two specimens of Glaucostegus granulatus and seven of Gymnura poecilura during the period from January 2011 till June 2012 from the north west of the Arabian Gulf (Latitudes 48° 44? to 48° 46?; longitude 29° 46? to 29° 47?). The prevalence of infection and the mean intensity of infection of E. rhinabati and E. turgipes was 40 %, 4.5 and 28.5, 2 respectively. The present finding of E. rhinobati on the gills of G. granulatus represents its first record in fishes of the Arabian Gulf, and its second occurrence in the World, while the finding of E. turgipes  on the gills of G. poecilura in the present study represents a new host record and a new geographical distribution .
Toleransi Antar Umat Beragama (Studi Kasus Keluarga Islam dan Keluarga Non Islam di 10 Ulu Palembang)
Authors: Handayani Yuniar , Suaidi Ruskam
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine how the form of tolerance between religious communities in Rt 34 Kelurahan 10 Ulu, Jakabaring Sub-district in Palembang and to find out how the relationship between Islamic families and non-Islamic families in Rt 34 Kelurahan 10 Ulu, Jakabaring Sub-district in Palembang. The research approach uses a qualitative approach. The social situation in the community in the 10 Ulu Palembang neighborhood RT 34 that is Muslim and non-Muslim. The subjects of the study were the people in the 10 Ulu Palembang, RT 34 village who were Muslim and non-Muslim. Data collection techniques are observation, in-depth interviews, FGD, and documentation. Data analysis techniques use data presentation, data reduction, and data conclusions. The result of the research is that religious tolerance in RT 34 has occurred between Muslims and Confucianists. This can be seen from the location of the al Ghazali mosque with the kwan in goddess temples which are close together. And tolerance in the area of ​​9/10 ulu can also be seen from the harmonious life of the residents there. Even though they have different religions, they still help and help each other, if there are religious ceremonies carried out by Muslims, Congolese and Buddhists.
Maisyah and Culture of Work as Motivation for Work, Analysis in the General Elections Commission Secretariat (KPU) Musi Rawas Regency
Authors: Supriadi Supriadi , Pasiska Pasiska
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of Maisyah and Culture of Work toward the Work Motivation Employee of General Elections Commissionof Musi Rawas regency. This study involved 4 respondents, all of which were employees of General Elections Commissionof Musi Rawas regency. To collect the data, this study used a set of questionnaires and the respond given by the sample was analyzed by (1) average score, (2) multiple linearity regression, (3)determination coefficient, (4) partial t-test and F test techniques.Based on the result analysis, it was found out that (1) there is a positive correlation between independent variables with the dependent variables, (2) the magnitude of independent variables influence toward the dependent variable was 40.40% and (3) the partial t – test and F – test result showed higher coefficient values than those on the critical value of the t and F tables. Based on these findings, it was concluded that maisyah and culture of work, separately and simultaneously, influenced the work motivation employee of General Elections Commission of Musi Rawas regency.
Agama Sebagai Transpormasi Sosial
Authors: NOPRIYANSA EKO
Published: June 2020

Seems that the position of intellectual community gets its own attention to the public because by knowing it is expected to be able to convey an objective and neutral view in providing views on a social problem. Therefore intellectuals are characterized by their ability to respond critically to social problems through discussion or writing in the public sphere. In a wider social context, important roles as well as having the main potential in correcting social problems include religious leaders, pioneers, and intellectuals, where they have a great responsibility for a harmonious society both in religion and more in the state.
IJARAH DALAM KEUANGAN ISLAM
Authors: Choirunnisak Choirunnisak , Amalia Jihad Azka
Published: June 2020

This study aims to find out how Ijarah in Islamic finance. This research is a type of library research (libraty research) which focuses on qualitative data management with data analysis methods using descriptive-analysis method. The results of this study are: In Banking, two types of Ijarah. The first ijarah is done in cash between the bank as a renter and the one who rents out services. The second ijarah is made in installments between banks as tenants to customers. The bank also takes advantage of this ijarah transaction. Islamic banks that operate ijarah products do leasing, both in the form of operating leases or financial leases. But in general, more Islamic banks use ijarah vomiting tamlik bit (IMBT) because it is simpler in terms of bookkeeping. Ijarah contract development is also known as ijarah muntia bi at-tamlik (IMBT).
Tobacco Use among Adolescents of a Public School of Kaski District
Authors: Sharma Sailaja , Banstola Ratna Shila , Pageni Sakuntala
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Tobacco is one of the proven risk factors, contributes substantially to the rising epidemic of non-communicable diseases.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and associated factors among adolescents of a selected public School in Kaski district. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was adopted and data was collected with self-administered questionnaire from 168 respondents.

Results: The prevalence of tobacco-use was 19.6 percent and mean age of initiation was13.84 years. The most common reasons for smoking were peer pressure (63.3%), imitation (27.3%), family influence (27.3%) and quest for new experience (21.2%). Tobacco-use was strongly associated with ethnicity (p=0.03), mother's education level (p=0.02), father's occupation (p=0.03), peer pressure (p=0.01) and friends smoking habit (p=0.03).

Conclusion: Tobacco-focused interventions are required for school going adolescents to promote cessation among users and prevent its initiation.
Assessment of Drug use Practices among Patients Visiting Outpatient Department of Dermatology at a Hospital in Pokhara, Nepal.
Authors: Bhandari Sujata , Khan Gulam Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Skin is the part of an integumentary system that constitutes the largest organ of the human body and thus it is exposed to injury by various extrinsic factors such as environmental, chemical, infectious agents as well as intrinsic factors such as metabolic, genetic and immunological. These are the major contributors to disease burden in society. The goal of the study was to assess the current drug use practices and pattern of skin diseases among the patients visiting the outpatient department of dermatology at a Green Pastures Hospital in Pokhara, Nepal.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in an outpatient pharmacy over a period of three months by clinical pharmacists. Patient data collection forms were the tools used to collect data.

Results: A total of 246 patients were included where 135 were females and 111 were males. The most common skin disease seen in the age group of 19-29 (39.4%). The major skin disease seen in the study were Tinea skin infections (21.1%), Urticaria (11.8%), Eczema (11.1%), Dermatitis (10.6%) followed by Acne (8.1%) and so on. Antihistamines (33.38%), Antifungals (30.03%), Corticosteroids (27.1%) were majorly prescribed drugs. The average number of drug prescriptions per encounter was 2.66. Drugs prescribed by their generic name were 11.2% and those prescribed from the National essential medicines list of Nepal were 22.4% and those prescribed from WHO list of essential medicines was 21.6%.

Conclusion: Overall analysis of the drug showed, the most common route of the prescribed drug was topical followed by oral. In this study, generic prescribing of the drug was low compared with a brand prescription. WHO core drug use indicators have been used in the present study as a measure of performance of drug usage. The prescription audit can be an eye-opener and therefore it should be done periodically to rationalize the prescription, reduce error and suggest cost-effective management.
Cancer Risk Genes growing from few to many: Are we aware ?
Authors: Nagila Amar
Published: June 2020

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Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Properties of Seeds of Cucurbitaceae Family from Western Nepal
Authors: Kaundinnyayana Atisammodavardhana , G.C Anita , Banstola Asmita , Poudel Kishwor , Acharya Nirmal , Koirala Sanjay
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by the defect in insulin secretion or insulin action or both. The association between diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress is well established. Cucurbitaceae is the largest family containing 120 genera mostly grown for its sweet and juicy fruit in warm climates all over the world. In the present work ethanolic extracts of the seeds of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn (Chichinno), Lagenaria siceraria (Lauka), Cucurbita pepo (Pharsi), Luffa aegiptiaca (Ghiraula), and Benincasa hispida (Kubindo) collected from Western Nepal has been evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo hypoglycemic effects.

Methods: In vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by using DPPH free radical scavenging activities and their IC50 values were calculated. In vivo hypoglycemic effect was examined on normoglycemic rats. The clinical significance of ethanolic extract at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight was investigated in 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes of oral administration. Metformin treated group was used as the positive control.

Results: For DPPH radical scavenging action, the IC50 values of Trichosanthes cucumerina, Luffa aegiptiaca, Benincasa  hispida, Cucurbita pepo, Lagenaria siceraria were found to be 60.72, 127.73, 49.63, 98.16 and 52.46 µg/ml respectively which were compared to the IC50 value of ascorbic acid (Positive control) which was found to be 38.11 µg/ml. The extracts of Benincasa hispida, and were having higher antioxidant activity and tested for in vivo hypoglycemic activity.In vivo administration of two doses of ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria reduced the level of blood glucose while the best result was obtained at 250 mg/kg.

Conclusions: Present study revealed promising antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity of ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria. The further exploration of Lagenaria siceraria for its effective use in the traditional medicinal system is essential.
Health Domain Determing Quality of Life of Elderly People in Baglung
Authors: Rana Indeera Shrees , Adhikari Rita
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Quality of life reflects physical and mental health, emotional well being and social functioning of an individual’s life. Elderly is the period accompanied by decline in person’s physical and cognitive domain that is associated with decreased quality of life. The purpose of this study is to assess the health domains determining quality of life among elderly people in Baglung.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among conveniently selected 130 elderly people in Jaimini-10, Baglung and interviewed using the WHO QOL-BREF structured interview schedule. The data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 20.

Results: The finding revealed that nearly elderly people enjoyed the quality of life as excellent (60.8%) and good (39.2%). Regarding the domains of QOL in the WHOQOL-BREF, the highest mean score was for the environmental domain (Mean 30.04±2.04) and lowest for the social relation domain (Mean 7.42±0.75). The quality of life was more excellent among females (50.63%), currently married (79.74%) than in widowed (20.25%), living in nuclear family (56.96%) than in joint family (43.03%) and independent elderly (88.61%) than dependent elderly people (11.39%). There was significant association of quality of life to age (p = 0.004), marital status (p= 0.000), educational status (p=0.000), occupation (p=0.004), financial status(p = 0.002) and social status (p = 0.023).

Conclusions: This study concluded that three-fifths of respondents had excellent QOL. There was significant association of quality of life to age (p= 0.004), marital status (p= 0.000), educational status (p= 0.000), occupation (p= 0.004), financial dependency (p= 0.002) and social status (p= 0.023).
Socio-cultural Barriers in Infant and Young Child Feeding Practice among Mothers of Kumal Community in Nuwakot District
Authors: Shrestha Ramesh , Bhandari Ved Prasad , Bhatt Laxman Datt
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Child feeding practices have a direct consequence on the nutritional status of children under two year which ultimately have impact on child survival. Socio-cultural barriers is one of the main factors in infant and young child feeding in various community. This study aims to explore socio-cultural barriers of infant and young child feeding practices among mothers of Kumal community in Nuwakot district.

Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among mother of 6-23 months children’s in Kumal community. Data was collected from 67 respondents through face-to-face interview. The collected data was entered in Epi-data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS, version 20.

Results: Our study reveals that 83.6% of the respondents had initiated early breastfeeding. More than half (56.7%) of the respondents had exclusive breastfeeding and 97% had extended breastfeeding. Half (50.7%) of the respondents introduce complementary feeding in time, sex of child was associated with exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding. Similarly, size of household, mother and father education was associated with continuation of breastfeeding practice.

Conclusions: The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and appropriate complementary feeding is still low due to many factors and one being socio cultural practices and beliefs. Interventions that can hit the socio-cultural beliefs should be given priority to exterminate the socio-cultural taboos from root level.
Sexual Behavior and Its Associated Factors among Male College Youths of Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Parajuli Bijaya , Adhikari Chiranjivi
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Young people are the important group for addressing sexual and reproductive health of Nepal as the proportion of youth is nearly a fifth of the total population. The issue of youth’s sexual behavior and its consequences is a concern for every generation and it is likely to continue to be a challenge in the future. The study aimed to assess the sexual behavior and its associated factors among male college youths of Pokhara, Nepal.

Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted among the 801 male youths of 16 colleges of Pokhara metropolitan. Probability proportional to size sampling was used as sampling strategy. A structured, pretested and sealed self-administered questionnaire was distributed among the 967 participants. The association between sexual behavior and the explanatory variables were assessed using chi square test and multivariate logistic regression.

Results: The study revealed that the substantial proportion (45.1%) of the male college youths had indulged in sexual intercourse. Nearly two third (60.4%) of the sexually active respondents had two or more than two partners. Similarly,more than half (51.61%) of those who were involved in sexual intercourse with commercial sex worker had not used condom at an every act of sexual intercourse. Age of the respondents (AOR=3.20, 95% CI; 1.06-9.66), permanent residence (AOR=2.38,95% CI;1.55-3.68), living arrangement (AOR=1.71 ,95% CI; 1.13-2.58) and dependent for income (AOR= 0.39,95% CI; 0.24-0.63) were significantly associated with having sexual intercourse.

Conclusions: The younger male college youths living with friends, relatives or alone in temporary residences were sexually more active than their counterparts.
Coronavirus : A Lesson to be Learned
Authors: Panta Sushil
Published: June 2020

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Globalisation, Public Health and COVID-19
Authors: Karkee Rajendra
Published: June 2020

Public Health is the collective action for sustained population-wide health improvement. There are various factors that can affect the health of a population. These factors are often summarised as social, economic, political, cultural, and environmental factors. Along with these classical factors, there is another emerging factor in 21st century; that is globalisation. Globalisation and ‘Global Health’ has become an important aspect of public health to be known by a public health graduates Not only transmissions of diseases across borders are threat but also economic policies, politics, trade treaties, expansion of multination companies and consumption of foods affect health worldwide.
Risk Factors of Overweight among Urban School-Going Adolescents: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Sapkota Bibechana , Bhandari Tulsi Ram
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Obesity is seen high in rapid economic growth, industrialized and urbanized area. CBS 2012 report showed that Nepal is urbanizing at a fast pace which show that Nepal is also at the risk of obesity problem. The study aim was to study the risk factors associated with overweight among urban school-going adolescents.

Methods: In this institution based case-control study, age, sex and ethnicity matched 63 cases (BMI≥25) and 63 controls (BMI 18.5- 24.99) adolescents between 13-16 years were recruited. Self administer question was used to collect data from case and control. Data were entered in Epi Data 3.1 and analysis was done using SPSS 20.0 full version. Crude odd ratio was calculated to assess the risk factors associated with overweight.

Results: Regular meat consumption (OR =3.47), consumption of fruit < 3 days per week (OR=2), regular consumption of junk food (OR= 2.564) ≥5 DDS (OR= 2.591) significantly increase the risk of overweight. Cases were 6.259 times more likely to do dieting for physical fitness as compare to control similarly irregular menstruation was 4.960 times noted among controls.

Conclusion: Regular consumption of meat, junk food and soft drink, likewise family history with obesity, the habit of dieting for weight-loss purposes, irregular menstruation and screen viewing lead to obesity among adolescent in Lekthnath city in Pokhara metropolitan.
Prevalence of Depression and its Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Rayamajhi Divya , Wagle Shreejana , Karki Arun
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Mental health and physical health are association with each other’s: poor mental health is a risk factor for chronic physical condition and it significantly impact on people’s quality of life. The social determinants of health impact on both chronic physical condition and mental health. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence sub-clinical depression and factors associated with depression among the hypertensive out patients’ department ofhospitals in Pokhara. 

Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 215 hypertensive patient visiting OPD ward of selected hospitals of Pokhara Metropolitan City. Depression levels were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-Ia (BDI) scale. Demographics and risk factors were assessed. Systematic random sampling was conducted for selecting hospitals and proportionate random sampling technique was used to make the sample representative of hospitals.

Results: Out of the total 215 hypertensive patients and around fifty-nine percentage were males and the mean age of respondents is 52 +12.04 years. Around one-third of the hypertensive patients had depression. The mean BDI-Ia score for depression status having respondent was 16.88±16.45.

Conclusions: This study provides the evidence of depression is associate with hypertensive patient’s socio-demographic factors such as sex, age, marital status, employment and income and behavioral factors. Hypertensive patients should be encouraged to increase their physical activities and family support.
Influence of Despotic Leadership on Personnel Lives via Emotional Exhaustion and Moderating role of Perceived Supervisory Support. A Testing of COR Model
Authors: Hewawitharana Aravinda , Saher Shazmina , Daniel Karman , Masih Shahbaz , Daniel Irfan
Published: June 2020

Dynamics of organizations become more and more diverse, there is a greater need
for leaders who manipulate their followers to achieve organizational goals and
improve their performances. The objective of this research is to inspect the
association among despotic leadership and employees’ life. The ignored areas of
research are negative impacts of despotic leadership on follower’s personal life.
By testing the COR Model, this research examines the intervening impact of
emotional exhumation by which despotic leadership surpass from work setting to
workers’ personal lives and consequence in lower wellbeing. The study also
investigates the moderating impact of employee’s perceived supervisory support on
the association of their observations of despotic leadership with employee’s
wellbeing. Time lags were utilized to gather the data from 384 employees of
hospitality industry of Sri Lanka. To run moderation, the Hayes’ PROCESS was
used and SEM to test mediation. Consequences of this research recommend that
dark side of leadership like despotic leadership negatively affects the wellbeing
through emotional exhaustion. The consequences of this research show that
despotic leadership badly affect the employees’ wellbeing and these effects
strengthen when there is less perceived supervisory support.