bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Breast Cancer Patients with T1-2 Tumors and 1-3 Positive Lymph Nodes Treated with or without Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy
Authors: Gilmore Richard C. , Sebai Mohamad E. , Psoter Kevin J. , Prasath Vishnu , Siotos Charalampos , Broderick Kristen P. , Jacobs Lisa K. , Harvey Susan C. , Habibi Mehran
Published: June 2020

The use of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) has been recommended for patients with 4 or more positive lymph nodes, however, its role in patients with 1-3 positive lymph nodes remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate oncological outcomes for breast cancer patients with T1-2 tumors and 1-3 positive lymph nodes after undergoing PMRT. We performed a single-institution retrospective investigation that evaluated the association between PMRT and outcomes in breast cancer patients with T1-2 tumors and 1-3 positive lymph nodes, who underwent mastectomy from 2004 to 2015. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the association of PMRT with disease-free survival and overall survival. A total of 379 patients met inclusion criteria, of which 204 (54%) received PMRT while 175 (46%) did not receive PMRT following mastectomy and were followed over a median of 5.2 years (25th–75th percentile: 2.8–8.4 years). Recurrence was similar in patients receiving PMRT compared to those that did not: locoregional (0 vs 3, P = 0.061), distant (9 vs 3, P = 0.135) and any recurrence (11 vs 7, P = 0.525). After adjustment for potential confounding variables, PMRT was not associated with a statistically significant difference in disease-free survival (HR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.48, 1.79) or overall survival (HR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.45, 1.85). PMRT was not associated with improved oncological outcomes in patients with T1-2 breast cancer and 1-3 positive lymph nodes at our institution.
Comparison of host immune responses to LPS in human using an immune profiling panel, in vivo endotoxemia versus ex vivo stimulation
Authors: Tawfik Dina M. , Lankelma Jacqueline M. , Vachot Laurence , Cerrato Elisabeth , Pachot Alexandre , Wiersinga W. Joost , Textoris Julien
Published: June 2020

Patients that suffer from sepsis exhibit an early hyper-inflammatory immune response which can lead to organ failure and death. In our study, we assessed the immune modulation in the humanin vivoendotoxemia model and compared it toex vivoLPS stimulation using 38 transcriptomic markers. Blood was collected before and after 4 hours of LPS challenge and tested with the Immune Profiling Panel (IPP) using the FilmArray system. The use of IPP showed that markers from the innate immunity dominated the response to LPSin vivo, mainly markers related to monocytes and neutrophils. Comparing the two models,in vivoandex vivo, revealed that most of the markers were modulated in a similar pattern (68%). Some cytokine markers such asTNF,IFN-γandIL-1βwere under-expressedex vivocompared toin vivo. T-cell markers were either unchanged or up-modulatedex vivo, compared to a down-modulationin vivo. Interestingly, markers related to neutrophils were expressed in opposite directions, which might be due to the presence of cell recruitment and feedback loopsin vivo. The IPP tool was able to capture the early immune response in both the humanin vivoendotoxemia model, a translational model mimicking the immune response observed in septic patients.
Effect and mechanism of graphene structured palladized zero-valent iron nanocomposite (nZVI-Pd/NG) for water denitration
Authors: Huang Xiangfeng , Zhang Feifan , Peng Kaiming , Liu Jia , Lu Lijun , Li Shiyang
Published: June 2020

Nitrate reduction by zero-valent iron-based materials has been extensively studied. However, the aggregation of nanoparticles and the preference for unfavored ammonia products limit the application of this technology. To overcome this issue, this study introduced a novel synthesized nanoscale palladized zero-valent iron graphene composite (nZVI-Pd/NG) and explored its nitrate reduction efficiency. A nitrate removal rate of 97.0% was achieved after 120 min of reaction for an initial nitrate concentration of 100 mg N/L. The nitrogen gas selectivity was enhanced from 0.4% to 15.6% at the end point compared to nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles under the same conditions. Further analyses revealed that zero-valent metal nanoparticles spread uniformly on the graphene surface, with a thin layer of iron (hydr)oxides dominated by magnetite. The nZVI-Pd/NG exhibited good catalytic activity with the associated activation energy of 17.6 kJ/mol being significantly lower than that with nZVI (42.8 kJ/mol). The acidic condition promoted a higher nZVI utilization rate, with the excess dosage of nZVI-Pd/NG ensuring a high nitrate removal rate for a wide pH range. This study demonstrates an improvement in nitrate reduction efficiency in a nZVI system by combining the exceptional properties of graphene and palladium.
Conceptual Design of a High-flux Multi-GeV Gamma-ray Spectrometer
Authors: Fleck K. , Cavanagh N. , Sarri G.
Published: June 2020

We present here a novel scheme for the high-resolution spectrometry of high-flux gamma-ray beams with energies per photon in the multi-GeV range. The spectrometer relies on the conversion of the gamma-ray photons into electron-positron pairs in a solid foil with high atomic number. The measured electron and positron spectra are then used to reconstruct the spectrum of the gamma-ray beam. The performance of the spectrometer has been numerically tested against the predicted photon spectra expected from non-linear Compton scattering in the proposed LUXE experiment, showing high fidelity in identifying distinctive features such as Compton edges and non-linearities.
New LncRNAs in Chronic Hepatitis C progression: from fibrosis to hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ferrasi Adriana Camargo , Fernandez Geysson Javier , Grotto Rejane Maria Tommasini , Silva Giovanni Faria , Goncalves Joao , Costa Marina C. , Enguita Francisco J. , Pardini Maria Inês de Moura Campos
Published: June 2020

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, and about 80% of the cases are associated with hepatitis B or C. Genetic and epigenetic alterations are accumulated over decades of chronic injury and may affect the functioning of tumor suppressor genes and protooncogenes. Studies have evidenced the role of Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNA) with oncogenic or tumor suppressor activities, suggesting a great potential in the treatment, diagnosis or indicator of prognosis in cancer. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the global expression profile lncRNA in hepatic tissue samples with different stages of fibrosis associated with chronic hepatitis C, HCC and normal liver, in order to identify new lncRNAs that could contribute to study the progression of hepatic fibrosis to HCC associated with chronic hepatitis C. RNA-Seq was performed on Illumina NextSeq platform to identify lncRNAs expressed differently in 15 patients with chronic hepatitis C, three patients with HCC and three normal liver specimens. When the pathological tissues (fibrosis and carcinoma) were compared to normal hepatic tissue, were identified 2, 6 e 34 differentially expressed lncRNAs in moderate fibrosis, advanced fibrosis and HCC, respectively. The carcinoma group had the highest proportion of differentially expressed lncRNA (34) and of these, 29 were exclusive in this type of tissue. A heat map of the deregulated lncRNA revealed different expression patterns along the progression of fibrosis to HCC. The results showed the deregulation of some lncRNA already classified as tumor suppressors in HCC and other cancers, as well as some unpublished lncRNA whose function is unknown. Some of these lncRNAs are dysregulated since the early stages of liver injury in patients with hepatitis C, others overexpressed only in tumor tissue, indicating themselves as candidates of markers of fibrosis progression or tumor, with potential clinical applications in prognosis as well as a therapeutic target. Although there are already studies on lncRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma, this is the first study conducted in samples exclusively of HCV-related liver and HCV HCC.
Lightweight carbon-red mud hybrid foam toward fire-resistant and efficient shield against electromagnetic interference
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Sharma Anushi , Pandey Ashutosh , Chaudhary Anisha , Dwivedi Neeraj , Shafeeq M Muhamed , Mondal D. P. , Srivastava A. K.
Published: June 2020

Lightweight, porous, high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and fire-resistant materials are highly demanded in aerospace and defense applications. Due to the lightweight, open porosity and high surface area, carbon foam has been considered as one of the most promising candidates for EMI shielding applications. In the present investigation, we demonstrate the development of novel carbon-red mud hybrid foams with excellent EMI shielding effectiveness (SE). The carbon-red mud hybrid foams are prepared using phenolic resin as a carbon source and red mud (industrial waste) as filler. We observed that the inclusion of red mud in carbon-red mud hybrid foams significantly enhances their dielectric, magnetic, EMI shielding and thermal properties. The EMI shielding results show that absorption is the main contributor to the total EMI SE. The maximum total EMI shielding effectiveness is achieved to be 51.4 dB in the frequency range of 8.2–12.4 GHz for carbon-red mud hybrid foam having 20 wt. % of red mud. The CF-RM20 also showed excellent fire resistance and high thermal stability at elevated temperatures.
Soluble silica stimulates osteogenic differentiation and gap junction communication in human dental follicle cells
Authors: Uribe Pamela , Johansson Anders , Jugdaohsingh Ravin , Powell Jonathan J. , Magnusson Catarina , Davila Marcela , Westerlund Anna , Ransjö Maria
Published: June 2020

Several studies have indicated that dietary silicon (Si) is beneficial for bone homeostasis and skeletal health. Furthermore, Si-containing bioactive glass biomaterials have positive effects on bone regeneration when used for repair of bone defects. Si has been demonstrated to stimulate osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralisation in vitro. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects of Si are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of soluble Si on osteogenic differentiation and connexin 43 (CX43) gap junction communication in cultured pluripotent cells from human dental follicles (hDFC). Neutral Red uptake assay demonstrated that 25 μg/ml of Si significantly stimulated hDFC cell proliferation. Dosages of Si above 100 μg/ml decreased cell proliferation. Alizarin Red staining showed that osteogenic induction medium (OIM) by itself and in combination with Si (25 μg/ml) significantly increased mineralisation in hDFC cultures, although Si alone had no such effect. The expression of osteoblast-related markers in hDFC was analysed with RT-qPCR. OSX, RUNX2, BMP2, ALP, OCN, BSP and CX43 genes were expressed in hDFC cultured for 1, 7, 14 and 21 days. Expression levels of BMP-2 and BSP were significantly upregulated by OIM and Si (25 μg/ml) and were also induced by Si alone. Notably, the expression levels of OCN and CX43 on Day 21 were significantly increased only in the Si group. Flow cytometric measurements revealed that Si (50 μg/ml) significantly increased CX43 protein expression and gap junction communication in hDFC. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics processing were used for the identification of differentially regulated genes and pathways. The influence of OIM over the cell differentiation profile was more prominent than the influence of Si alone. However, Si in combination with OIM increased the magnitude of expression (up or down) of the differentially regulated genes. The gene for cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) was the most significantly upregulated. Genes for the regulator of G protein signalling 4 (RGS4), regulator of G protein signalling 2 (RGS2), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 8, and 10 were also strongly upregulated. Our findings reveal that soluble Si stimulates Cx43 gap junction communication in hDFC and induces gene expression patterns associated with osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, the results support the conclusion that Si is beneficial for bone health.
A Transcriptome Analysis Reveals that Hepatic Glycolysis and Lipid Synthesis Are Negatively Associated with Feed Efficiency in DLY Pigs
Authors: Xu Cineng , Wang Xingwang , Zhuang Zhanwei , Wu Jie , Zhou Shenping , Quan Jianping , Ding Rongrong , Ye Yong , Peng Longlong , Wu Zhenfang , Zheng Enqin , Yang Jie
Published: June 2020

Feed efficiency (FE) is an important trait in the porcine industry. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of FE is vital for the improvement of this trait. In this study, 6 extreme high-FE and 6 low-FE pigs were selected from 225 Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) (DLY) pigs for transcriptomic analysis. RNA-seq analysis was performed to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the liver tissues of the 12 individuals, and 507 DEGs were identified between high-FE pigs (HE- group) and low-FE pigs (LE- group). A gene ontology (GO) enrichment and pathway enrichment analysis were performed and revealed that glycolytic metabolism and lipid synthesis-related pathways were significantly enriched within DEGs; all of these DEGs were downregulated in the HE- group. Moreover, Weighted gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA) revealed that oxidative phosphorylation, thermogenesis, and energy metabolism-related pathways were negatively related to HE- group, which might result in lower energy consumption in higher efficiency pigs. These results implied that the higher FE in the HE- group may be attributed to a lower glycolytic, energy consumption and lipid synthesizing potential in the liver. Furthermore, our findings suggested that the inhibition of lipid synthesis and glucose metabolic activity in the liver may be strategies for improving the FE of DLY pigs.
Spatial distribution and differences of stroke occurrence in the Rhone department of France (STROKE 69 cohort)
Authors: Freyssenge Julie , Renard Florent , Khoury Carlos El , Derex Laurent , Termoz Anne , Chakir Amine , Douplat Marion , Bravant Estelle , Schott Anne-Marie , Tazarourte Karim
Published: June 2020

In France, 110,000 patients are admitted to hospital per year for stroke. Even though the relationship between stroke and risk factors such as low socio-economic status is well known, research in the spatial distribution (SD) of stroke as a contributing risk factor is less documented. Understanding the geographic differences of the disease may improve stroke prevention. In this study, a statistical spatial analysis was performed using a French cohort (STROKE 69) to describe spatial inequalities in the occurrence of stroke. STROKE 69 was a cohort study of 3,442 patients, conducted in the Rhône department of France, from November 2015 to December 2016. The cohort included all consecutive patients aged 18 years or older, with a likelihood of acute stroke within 24 hours of symptoms onset. Patients were geolocated, and incidence standardized rates ratio were estimated. SD models were identified using global spatial autocorrelation analysis and cluster detection methods. 2,179 patients were selected for analysis with spatial autocorrelation methods, including 1,467 patients with stroke, and 712 with a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Within both cluster detection methods, spatial inequalities were clearly visible, particularly in the northern region of the department and western part of the metropolitan area where rates were higher. Geographic methods for SD analysis were suitable tools to explain the spatial occurrence of stroke and identified potential spatial inequalities. This study was a first step towards understanding SD of stroke. Further research to explain SD using socio-economic data, care provision, risk factors and climate data is needed in the future.
Effect of plant density on yield and Quality of perilla sprouts
Authors: Wu Liuliu , Deng Zhe , Cao Lifan , Meng Li
Published: June 2020

Growth and nutraceutical quality of perilla sprouts is strongly dependent on planting density. This study explored the influence of planting density on growth, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant capacity, main secondary metabolites, soluble sugar and soluble protein contents of ready-to-eat sprouts. Planting at a density of 1450 plants m−2 significantly increased yield, improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT, enhanced the generation of reactive oxygen species, increased the content of total chlorophyll and net photosynthetic rate, and decreased the content of MDA in perilla sprouts. The content of flavonoids, volatile oil, soluble sugar and soluble proteins was highest when the density was 1450 plants m−2 compared to other groups. The relative contents of RA and anthocyanin in perilla sprouts reached the maximum value at planting density of 1887 plants m−2.
Dissecting myogenin-mediated retinoid X receptor signaling in myogenic differentiation
Authors: Khilji Saadia , Hamed Munerah , Chen Jihong , Li Qiao
Published: June 2020

Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underpinning myoblast differentiation is a critical step in developing the best strategy to promote muscle regeneration in patients suffering from muscle-related diseases. We have previously established that a rexinoid x receptor (RXR)-selective agonist, bexarotene, enhances the differentiation and fusion of myoblasts through a direct regulation of MyoD expression, coupled with an augmentation of myogenin protein. Here, we found that RXR signaling associates with the distribution of myogenin at poised enhancers and a distinct E-box motif. We also found an association of myogenin with rexinoid-responsive gene expression and identified an epigenetic signature related to histone acetyltransferase p300. Moreover, RXR signaling augments residue-specific histone acetylation at enhancers co-occupied by p300 and myogenin. Thus, genomic distribution of transcriptional regulators is an important designate for identifying novel targets as well as developing therapeutics that modulate epigenetic landscape in a selective manner to promote muscle regeneration.
A facile synthesis of a NiMoO4@metal-coated graphene-ink nanosheet structure towards the high energy density of a battery type-hybrid supercapacitor
Authors: Chebrolu Venkata Thulasivarma , Balakrishnan Balamuralitharan , Aravindha Raja Selvaraj , Kim Hee-Je
Published: June 2020

Recently, reagent-based electrode materials have received great attention in various applications (e.g., supercapacitors, solar cells, fuel cells, and batteries).
First principles study of reactions in alucone growth: the role of the organic precursor
Authors: Muriqi Arbresha , Nolan Michael
Published: June 2020

First principles investigation of the molecular mechanism of the growth of hybrid organic–inorganic thin films of aluminium alkoxides, known as “alucones”.
Correlations of acidity-basicity of solvent treated layered double hydroxides/oxides and their CO2 capture performance
Authors: Leung D. W. Justin , Chen Chunping , Buffet Jean-Charles , O'Hare Dermot
Published: June 2020

Acid/basic properties of LDHs can be fine-tuned by using (AMO or AIM) solvent treatments. Furthermore, the CO2 adsorption per surface area increases with increasing acid/base ratio.
In situ semi-transformation from heterometallic MOFs to Fe–Ni LDH/MOF hierarchical architectures for boosted oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Huo Jiamin , Wang Ying , Yan Liting , Xue Yingying , Li Shuni , Hu Mancheng , Jiang Yucheng , Zhai Quan-Guo
Published: June 2020

Design an in-situ semi-transformation strategy for the development of Fe-Ni LDH/MOF hierarchical architecture exhibiting large accessible surface, open electron transport channel and multiple active sites to promote the electrocatalytic capacity.
Optimization of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) under physiologically relevant conditions
Authors: Church Derek C. , Takiguchi Lauren , Pokorski Jonathan K.
Published: June 2020

Ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) is widely considered an excellent living polymerization technique that proceeds rapidly in organic solvents. This work describes the optimization of ROMP under physiologically relevant conditions.
Ex situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of soy sauce residue with HZSM-5 for co-production of aromatic hydrocarbons and supercapacitor materials
Authors: Li Kai , Bolatibieke Dana , Yang Shi-guan , Wang Bo , Nan Dong-hong , Lu Qiang
Published: June 2020

A new method to co-produce aromatic hydrocarbons and a supercapacitor material from the catalytic fast pyrolysis of soy sauce residue has been developed.
Advanced framework-modified POM@ZIF-67 nanocomposites as enhanced oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts
Authors: Abdelkader-Fernández Víctor K. , Fernandes Diana M. , Balula Salete S. , Cunha-Silva Luís , Freire Cristina
Published: June 2020

Increasing the POM loadings in POM@ZIF-67 nanocomposites preparedin situresults in extremely modified framework electrocatalysts with highly enhanced OER performances.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles mediate BMP2 gene delivery and enhance bone regeneration
Authors: Liang Zhuo , Luo Yue , Lv Yonggang
Published: June 2020

Microvesicles–polyethyleneimine/pDNA formed via layer-by-layer self-assembly increase the delivery of hBMP2 plasmids and enhance bone repair.
Laser assisted self-assembly of diphenylalanine: emergence of robust waveguiding properties and Fano resonances
Authors: Tiwari Roshan , Maji Krishnendu , Ajmal  , Ghosh Subhrokoli , Ghosh Nirmalya , Haldar Debasish , Banerjee Ayan
Published: June 2020

The laser directed self-assembled diphenylanaline microstructures display prominent spectrally asymmetric Fano resonances in the waveguiding response to broadband light.
Facile microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of SnSe: impurity removal and enhanced thermoelectric properties
Authors: Sheng Jiaqi , Liu Xiaofang , Niu Chengzhi , Sun Yufeng , Chen Yao , Wang Hengyang , Zhang Bin , Wang Guoyu , Zhou Xiaoyuan , Han Guang
Published: June 2020

Herein, a facile microwave-assisted hydrothermal method was developed for the synthesis of impurity-free SnSe with enhanced thermoelectric properties.
New directions in pollinator research: diversity, conflict and response to global change
Authors: Scott-Brown Alison , Koch Hauke
Published: June 2020

Interactions between pollinators and their plant hosts are central to maintaining global biodiversity and ensuring our food security. In this special issue, we compile reviews that summarize existing knowledge and point out key outstanding research areas to understand and safeguard pollinators, pollinators–host plant interactions and the pollination ecosystem services they provide. The vast diversity of the pollinator–plant interactions that exists on this planet still remains poorly explored, with many being associations involving a specialist pollinator partner, although historically most focus has been given to generalist pollinators, such as the honeybee. Two areas highlighted here are the ecology and evolution of oligolectic bee species, and the often-neglected groups of pollinators that forage solely at night. Advances in automated detection technologies could offer potential and complementary solutions to the current shortfall in knowledge on interactions occurring between less well-documented plant–pollinator associations, by increasing the collection range and capacity of flower visitation data over space and time. Pollinator–host plant interactions can be affected by external biotic factors, with herbivores and pathogens playing particularly important roles. Such interactions can be disrupted by modifying plant volatile and reward chemistry, with possible effects on pollinator attraction and pollination success. Mechanisms which underpin interactions between plants and their pollinators also face many anthropogenic disturbances. Reviews in this issue discuss threats from parasites and climate change to pollinator populations and plant–pollinator networks, and suggest new ways to mitigate these threats. While the protection of existing plant–pollinator networks will be a crucial goal for conservation biology, more research is needed to understand how lost interactions in degraded habitats may be restored with mutual benefits to plants and pollinators.
High‐order high‐performance LCLCL DC/DC converter based on harmonic optimisation
Authors: Zhang Xiangjun , Dai Mingcong , Guan Yueshi
Published: June 2020

This work presents a new type of high‐order LCLCL resonant DC/DC converter. The converter in this study can properly inject the third harmonic for energy transmission through optimal configuration and parameter design of the resonant tank, which can not only achieve a wider voltage regulation range but also provide an easy method for soft start and overcurrent protection. In this study, both switches can realise soft switching, and due to the injection of the third harmonic, the loss of the secondary rectifier diode is reduced. This article describes the working principle of the LCLCL converter and provides the parameter design principle and small‐signal modelling method. In the laboratory, a 400 W prototype with 400 V input and 24 V output is built to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Analysis of Cassini radio tracking data for the construction of INPOP19a: A new estimate of the Kuiper belt mass
Authors: Di Ruscio A. , Fienga A. , Durante D. , Iess L. , Laskar J. , Gastineau M.
Published: June 2020

Context. Recent discoveries of new trans-Neptunian objects have greatly increased the attention by the scientific community to this relatively unknown region of the solar system. The current level of precision achieved in the description of planet orbits has transformed modern ephemerides in the most updated tools for studying the gravitational interactions between solar system bodies. In this context, the orbit of Saturn plays a primary role, especially thanks to Cassini tracking data collected during its 13-year mission around the ringed planet. Planetary ephemerides are currently mainly built using radio data, in particular with normal points derived from range and Doppler observables exchanged between ground stations and interplanetary probes.

Aims. We present an analysis of Cassini navigation data aimed at producing new normal points based on the most updated knowledge of the Saturnian system developed throughout the whole mission. We provide additional points from radio science dedicated passes of Grand Finale orbits and Titan flybys. An updated version of the INPOP planetary ephemerides based upon these normal points is presented, along with a new estimate of the mass of trans-Neptunian object rings located in the 2:1 and 3:2 mean motion resonances with Neptune.

Methods. We describe in detail the orbit determination process performed to construct the normal points and their associated uncertainties and how we process those points to produce a new planetary ephemeris.

Results. From the analysis, we obtained 623 new normal points for Saturn with metre-level accuracy. The ephemeris INPOP19a, including this new dataset, provides an estimated mass for the trans-Neptunian object rings of (0.061 ± 0.001)M⊕.
The millimeter-wave spectrum and astronomical search for ethyl methyl sulfide
Authors: Cabezas C. , Bermúdez C. , Tercero B. , Cernicharo J.
Published: June 2020

Context.Sulfur-containing molecules constitute only 8% of the molecules observed in the interstellar medium (ISM), in spite of the fact that sulfur has been shown to be an abundant element in the ISM. In order to understand the chemical behavior of the ISM and specific cases like the missing sulfur reservoir, a detailed chemical molecular composition in the ISM must be mapped out.

Aims.Our goal is to investigate the rotational spectrum of ethyl methyl sulfide, CH3CH2SCH3, which seems to be a potential candidate for observation in the ISM since the simpler analogs, CH3SH and CH3CH2SH, have already been detected. Rotational spectrum of ethyl methyl sulfide has been observed before, but its experimental rotational parameters are not precise enough to allow its detection in the ISM.

Methods.The rotational spectrum of ethyl methyl sulfide in the frequency range 72−116.5 GHz was measured using a broadband millimeter-wave spectrometer based on radio astronomy receivers with fast Fourier transform backends. The spectral searches and identification of the vibrational excited states of ethyl methyl sulfide was supported by high-level ab initio calculations on the harmonic and anharmonic force fields.

Results.The rotational spectra for the trans and gauche conformers of ethyl methyl sulfide was analyzed, and a total of 172 and 259 rotational transitions were observed for each one, respectively. The observation ofA − Einternal rotation splittings allowed the experimental determination of theV3hindered internal rotation barrier height for both trans and gauche species. In addition, the vibrational excited states, resulting from the lowest frequency vibrational modeν30were identified for both conformers. The new experimental rotational parameters were employed to search for ethyl methyl sulfide in the warm and cold molecular clouds Orion KL, Sgr B2(N), B1-b and TMC-1, using the spectral surveys captured by IRAM 30 m at 3 mm and 2 mm.
Theoretical Justification for the One-Dimensional Geolocation Method
Authors: Sirota Dmitry , Prostov Sergei , Rasumov Egor , Loskutov Nikolay
Published: June 2020

In this article we will discus the usage feature of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) for the solution underground geotechnologies problems. One of the main problems by the usage GPR method is that the surface of the workings is shielded by metal elements of support (frames, fittings, tightening and other). In this article we suggest to use one- dimensional GPR-scanning method instead of traditional GPR-profiling method. We assume that the scanning will be performed on the development contour in areas free from shielding. For justification one- dimensional GPR method we propose a mathematical model for the propagation of an electromagnetic signal in an inhomogeneous medium based on classical equations of electrodynamics. We also present a numerical implementation of it, which confirms the validity of the accepted problem statement.
Factor Model of Labour Productivity in the Coal Mining Industry
Authors: Kharlampenkov Evgeniy , Kudryashova Irina , Zakharova Natalia , Loginova Anastasiya
Published: June 2020

In the article the problem of increasing labour productivity at Russian coal-mining enterprises is considered. The authors note the impossibility of intensive development of the coal industry, the formation and development of effective models of industrial enterprise management without a radical increase in labour productivity, which is an indicator of the level of efficiency of human labour costs in the production of the final product per unit time. On the example of coal enterprises in the Kemerovo region, the authors investigate the dynamics of coal production and the level of labour productivity depending on the method of production: underground or open. The authors justify the need to assess labour productivity on the basis of system analysis and using a multiplicative model. On the example of the Kuzbass coal industry, the authors investigated labour productivity in the context of assessment of influence of major factors such as the introduction of new equipment and mining technologies, the formation of qualified personnel, robotics basic processes of coal mining, introduction of system of quality management and information technologies, etc. Using a multiplicative model evaluation of the labour productivity it’s obtained estimates of the influence of these factors on the change in the level of productivity. Thus, the article solves one of the actual problems of today’s reality and has considerable theoretical and practical importance.
Evaluation of KTT-2 Pneumatic Peat Harvesting Machine’s Nozzle Suction Capacity
Authors: Yablonev Alexander , Scherbakova Darya
Published: June 2020

Milled peat harvesting with pneumatic harvesting machines has a number of doubtless advantages over mechanical harvesting: operating time decreases down to 1 day, additional milling of wet peat deposit during the harvesting is not needed, list of necessary machinery decreases. However, in the late 1980s, due to the imperfection of the design of pneumatic machines, this method began to be used less and less frequently. Market appearance of KTT-2 and MPTU-30 pneumatic harvesting machines promoted their introduction into operating processes of peat extractive companies. According to feedback from operators, these machines work well with high-moor peat but work much worse with low- moor peat which is of higher density. One of basic parameters of pneumatic harvesting is suction velocity, that’s why field experiment for evaluation of KTT-2 machine suction nozzle performance was held. Experiment results enabled us to plot velocity diagram of suction flow and find maximum suction velocity: 26.74 m/s. Velocity diagram analysis showed distance from the nozzle – air flow speed relation. We calculated size of suction flow’s active area and offered methods of active area sizing.
Minimization of Coal Mining Machines Downtime in Coal Mining by Opened-Underground Mining Method on Simulating Model
Authors: Kuznetsov Igor , Sinoviev Vasily , Starodubov Aleksey
Published: June 2020

Discrete-and-stochastic simulation model has been developed. The model displays in time and space the interaction between elements of excavating machines complex and deep mining seams complex. Program realization of the model has been created in GPSS Studio simulating modeling tool. The influence of offers for minimization of unplanned downtime of mining machines on daily volume of mined coal by opened- and-underground method has been researched in simulation experiments.
Assessing the Impact of Innovation Activity on Mining Industry Results
Authors: Kalenov Oleg , Kukushkin Sergey , Bolkina Galina
Published: June 2020

The role of the mining industry in the world economy is enormous, since its branches are the most important source of industrial raw materials, without which the intensive growth of modern industry would be completely impossible. However, the technologies used in it are not always innovative. Despite the fact that the mining industry occupies a fairly small percentage in the structure of the world economy and does not exceed 10%, it is an important source of income for many states, including Russia. However, the changes that are now observed in the global economy require new approaches to organizing activities. Despite its profitability, this industry is quite difficult to manage. The way from the extraction of raw materials to their end user is very complicated and depends on many conditions. For the successful integration of the Russian mining industry into new economic realities, it is necessary to intensify innovative processes by investing financial resources in new equipment and high technology. At the same time, acceleration of the development of the mining industry can be achieved in the chain “mining industry - processing industry” through the introduction and use of nanotechnology, which can significantly improve the quality of raw materials.
Improving the method for determining the granular media strength performance by oblique shear test
Authors: Shabaev Sergey , Martel Nikita , Shtark Artemy , Rysbekova Elmira
Published: June 2020

To ensure the strength performance of the pavement of open pit truck roads, it is necessary that it conforms not only to the designed required deformation (elasticity) modulus, but also to the condition for ensuring the shear resistance of structural layers made from non-cohesive and lowly cohesive granular media. However, today there are no reliable methods for determining the strength performance of coarse-grained materials, therefore, for them there are no designstrength values, and therefore their shear resistance is not evaluated, which is a serious omission. It is proposed to evaluate the strength performance of granular media by the oblique sheartest, for which an improved design of oblique shear apparatus was developed, which made it possible to adjust the granular medium density (structure) to the corresponding density (structure) under construction conditions. An analysis was also made of the influence of the angle of inclination of the shear area on the predicted values of normal and shear stresses arising in the cross section, which made it possible to establish the recommended values of this indicator depending on the prevailing particle size of the test medium.
A Survey on the potential of monitoring of longwall complex parameters based on industry 4.0
Authors: Szolc Patryk , Stempniak Marta , Grudziecki Remigiusz , Pałka Dorota
Published: June 2020

A brief description of the program of Industry 4.0 and the impact it has on the economy and its development provided by the students show how the young generation sees the concept–a reality they themselves will soon be engage in as workers. The paper discusses the principles of Industry 4.0 and what they mean to Polish economy. The authors developed a survey and conducted it among students of the Wrocław University of Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, and engineers from the Polska Grupa Górnicza S.A. KWK ROW Ruch Chwałowice. The survey was of an informative nature. It covered a group of underground workers holding different positions including miners, electricians or mechanical fitters. The respondents are employed to carry on various tasks related to operation and maintenance of mining machinery and devices. The questionnaire consists of 15 questions. They were arranged in such a way that the participants could respond in an efficient and quick way. Additionally, the questionnaire contained information about the seniority of a given employee, education and age. The results of the survey demonstrate how employees understand technological change. They can be helpful in implementing the development and implementation of new technologies.
Technogenic Coal Formations – Promising Raw Materials for Improvement of Mining and Processing Enterprises Energy Independence
Authors: Ushakov Andrey , Ushakova Elena , Bogolyubova Irina , Alibaeva Gulnaz
Published: June 2020

There are coal-processing products (coal sludge, screening, dust, coke dust and fines) and organic waste (excess activated sludge, waste from water treatment plants) suggests using to produce energy gaseous in the paper. The optimal compositions of molded granules subjected to thermochemical processing to obtain synthesis gas are determined. The technological design of coal and organic waste joint processing has been developed. The main technological parameters of the processes are indicated and calculations of the main material flows are performed in accordance with the conditions of the processes.
Physico-chemical properties of peatland located in the impact zone of municipal landfill
Authors: Telak Oksana , Popovych Vasyl , Zachko Oleh , Korol Kateryna
Published: June 2020

The results of studies of peat located in the impact zone of municipal landfill are presented. It is established that according to the peat genetic horizons profile the distribution of the mobile fractions of heavy metals is manifested in a gradual decrease with depth. The content of heavy metals (manganese, copper, zinc, lead, cobalt, mercury) in the peat does not exceed the MAC, except for cadmium, which is spread by waste from the landfill. The source of cadmium in landfills is waste containing lacquers and paints, fluorescent lamps, batteries etc. Cadmium sulfide is the basis for yellow paints used in vehicle dyeing, textile production, soap making. Peat is characterized as very poor in micromycetes distribution. Some micromycetes detected are indicators of high mineral content and low heavy metal content. Analysis of peat micromycetes by growth rate showed that the slowest growing micromycetes owns the largest proportion - 70%. The distribution by color showed that dark-colored micromycetes of the Moniliaceae, characterized by toxicity, predominate. According to the humus reserve, peat is slightly humus. It is not recommended to use such peat for crop cultivation. Instead, peat can be a source of fuel under conditions of industrial development and compliance with existing rules and state standards.
Natural Resource Potential as a Factor in the Formation of the Region’s Natural-Economic System
Authors: Amirova Naylya , Sargina Lyudmila , Khasanova Asiya
Published: June 2020

The need to deepen theoretical research on the reproduction of regional natural-economic systems, the mechanism of their economic transformation and the development of methodological foundations for further improving the development of the region is one of the basic issues in the implementation of the strategy for sustainable development, determining the most effective directions for solving environmental management and environmental protection problems. The processes of transformation of natural-economic systems of a regional level are caused, first, by factors that contribute to the transfer of part of the reserves of natural resources into the natural-resource potential of the regions. Thus, the development of scientific and technological progress contributes to the reduction of current and investment costs for the extraction and processing of natural resources in the context of new technical capabilities. The role of the latter is also high in solving the problem of exceeding the growth rate of the use of natural resources in comparison with their reproduction and restoration. The rationalization of the use of reserves of natural resources, which is justified by the ever-increasing needs of society, necessitates the economic assessment of different gradation of natural resources in terms of quantitative and qualitative analysis. In this regard, the article attempts to find an answer to a number of questions about the content, object, mechanism of development of the natural-economic system based on the natural resource potential of the region.
Implementation of environmental principles of sustainable development in the mining region
Authors: Shavina Evgeniya , Prokofev Viktor
Published: June 2020

The extractive regions are experiencing both the economic problems associated with the depletion of the resource base and the relative development of other industries, as well as the environmental problems caused by the depletion of the bowels and the use of backward equipment. On the path of sustainable development, it is essential to envisage areas that can improve efficiency. The authors of the article highlighted two main areas: management and innovation. The first area is implemented by two approaches: authoritarian governance and multi-stakeholders’ initiatives (MSI). MSI is more effective, but at the same time only possible if there are developed and interested initiative participants. It allows us to discuss key issues together, as well as increases the degree of cooperation of companies in the regions. Voluntary initiatives have been made possible by increased attention to environmental issues and the transition to green mining. On the part of innovation, the authors note the importance of supporting them, as new technologies not only improve efficiency, but also reduce emissions and improve safety of working conditions. Encouraging innovation is possible both on the part of the companies themselves, which should be targeted assistance from the authorities, and through the mechanism of innovative vouchers, which result in practical and economically feasible technologies.
Analysis of the methane-bearing capacity in Polish hard coal mines in the years 1993–2018
Authors: Tutak Magdalena
Published: June 2020

The process of underground coal production is inseparably connected with methane emissions. This gas has good energy characteristics and, at the same time, represents a huge threat to the safety of mining exploitation. Due to its flammability and explosiveness, the occurrence of methane-related incidents disturbs the entire production process and is extremely dangerous for the crew. Moreover, methane is a greenhouse gas that has a highly negative impact on the natural environment. These factors make it necessary to carry out works in order to limit its negative effects and increase its use as an energy raw material. The article presents the results of an analysis of the main parameters describing the methane-bearing capacity in Polish hard coal mines. The analysis was conducted within the scope of their absolute values and with reference to one tonne of coal extracted. The purpose of these studies was to identify the changes in the parameters under analysis over the last 25 years in the Polish mining industry and, at the same time, to determine how the structural changes in the mining industry and the entire economy influenced those parameters. This particularly concerns the emission of methane into the environment. The reason is that this value has a huge influence on the opinion about the mining industry. The results presented should be used for works on limiting the harmful effects of methane and increasing the degree of its utilisation in the economy.
Organizational and managerial measures to identify and document crimes of illegal coal mining (by the example of Kuzbass)
Authors: Volgin Yury , Safargalieva Olga , Sergeev Oleg
Published: June 2020

Based on the analysis of the operational situation in the Kemerovo region, the article formulates recommendations on the content of organizational and managerial measures aimed at ensuring the detection and documentation of crimes in the field of illegal coal mining. Considering the operational situation, the crimes in the field of illegal coal mining committed on the territory of Kuzbass were characterized. A description of the organizational structure and effectiveness of activities directed to fighting against crimes in the field of illegal coal mining realized by operational units of economic safety and anti-corruption of the Chief Administration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Kemerovo region was made. The proposed organizational and management measures include: measures aimed at changing the organizational structure of the operational units of economic security and anti-corruption of the Chief Administration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Kemerovo region. Measures to increase the efficiency of operational services for coal mining enterprises and territories in which illegal coal mining are considered as well. The recommendations for changing the organizational structure are based on the choice of the type of operational service. Measures aimed at improving the efficiency of operational services contain such recommendations as: the organization of interaction with various state and law enforcement agencies; the choice and change of the operational service regime, as well as the formation of open sources of operational search information.
Study of the Processes of Rare and Rare-Earth Metal Extraction from Ash and Slag Materials
Authors: Cherkasova Tatiana , Cherkasova Elizaveta , Tikhomirova Anastasia , Golovachev Andrey , Dormeshkin Oleg
Published: June 2020

The problem of disposal of ash and slag waste in Russia and in the world is very urgent. Ash dumps occupy vast areas, damaging the ecosystem. At the same time, these wastes are independent deposits of rare and rare-earth metals, which are necessary for the production of modern high-tech devices. The efficiency of flotation and chemical methods of concentration of materials in order to extract valuable components are evaluated in the paper. The composition of the initial ash and slag samples and the resulting products of their processing were analyzed using IR spectroscopic and optical emission methods.