bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reorienting Migrant Marketplaces in le due Americhe during the Interwar Years
Authors: Zanoni Elizabeth
Published: September 2018

Chapters Five and Six focus on the interwar years, when a worldwide depression, intensifying restrictions against mobile people and products, and rising nationalisms changed the global geography of migrant marketplace connections. After World War I, U.S. economic expansion in South America and U.S. immigration restriction, which redirected Italians to Argentina, intensified North-South links between Italians in New York and Buenos Aires. Migrants in Buenos Aires expressed concern that the growing presence of U.S. capital and consumer goods threatened the Italian export market. After having targeted Italians as consumers in New York, U.S. food corporations like Armour and Company began targeting Italians in Buenos Aires as well. Meanwhile they capitalized on links between consumption and femininity made during the war to depict migrant marketplaces as predominately female.
Epilogue
Authors: Zanoni Elizabeth
Published: September 2018

The epilogue explores the fate of Italian transnational migrant marketplaces after World War II. It connects today’s popularity of Fernet con Coca, considered Argentina’s national drink, to the historical movements of Italians and trade goods in the early-twentieth century. The Epilogue argues that due to Italy’s postwar “economic miracle,” the socio-economic mobility of second- and third-generation Italians and changes in the status of Italian food worldwide, migrant marketplaces came to exist increasingly in the imaginary and in commodified form, rather than in the actual, embodied movements of Italians and foods from Italy. However, imagined migrant marketplaces continue to play a critical role in the performance of ethnicity for descendants of Italians and in the consumption of Italianità for non-migrants in the U.S. and Argentina.
Black Public History in Chicago
Authors: Rocksborough-Smith Ian
Published: September 2018

This book examines how various black Chicagoans used public history to engage with civil rights struggles. Numerous efforts to promote and teach this history demonstrated how dissident left-wing political currents from previous decades remained relevant to a vibrant and ideologically diffuse African American public sphere despite widespread Cold War dispersions, white-supremacist reactions, and anti-Communist repressions. The argument in this book proceeds by demonstrating how public-history projects strategically coalesced around a series of connected pedagogical endeavors. These endeavors included the work of schoolteachers on Chicago’s South Side who tried to advance curriculum reforms through World War II and afterwards; the activities of important cultural workers, such as Margaret T. G. Burroughs and Charles Burroughs, who politicized urban space and fought for greater recognition of black history in the public sphere through the advancement of their vision for a museum; and the Afro-American Heritage Association, which expressed a politics of black left nationalism that engaged with radical politics through black public-history labors. Collectively, these projects expressed important ideas about race, citizenship, education, and intellectual labors that engaged closely with the rapidly shifting terrains of mid-twentieth-century civil rights and international anticolonialisms. Ultimately, this book offers a social history about how black left-wing cultural work in public history and similar forms of knowledge production were at the intersections of political realities and lived experience in U.S. urban life.
Cultural Fronts and Public-History Activism in the Black Power Era
Authors: Rocksborough-Smith Ian
Published: September 2018

The fourth chapter of this book examines how important intergenerational discussions revolved around black public-history labors in Chicago into the Black Power era. Many Chicago activists of the Black Power and black arts movements (BAM) were impacted by the growing influence over the 1960s of the DuSable Museum of African American History, whose programs were expanding and continuing to reach younger generations as the museum’s founders had intended. BAM leaders in Chicago—such as Haki Madhubuti and pioneering black-studies historians—were mentored by Margaret and Charles Burroughs and some of the cohort who founded the DuSable Museum.
The Washington Park Relocation
Authors: Rocksborough-Smith Ian
Published: September 2018

Chapter 5 of this book looks at how the DuSable Museum conducted its expansion and physical development in the Black Power era. The museum’s relocation to Washington Park, next to the University of Chicago, reimagined a historically African American social space and neighborhood in the city’s geography and can be considered alongside the highly diverse engagements of Black Power and black arts movement activists around the country with civic-level politics. The politics this expansion effort brought into play also demonstrate how museum work became a significant part of local movements for urban racial equality through the 1960s and early 1970s, a process that further reflected growing interest in African American history.
Epilogue
Authors: Rocksborough-Smith Ian
Published: September 2018

In a recent interview, Margaret Burroughs noted how mid-twentieth-century civil rights movements and the work she and others did with public history were connected: “I think it’s the civil rights movement that made us realize it’s important to know about and document the history. To know where you’re going, you have to know from whence you came.”...
The Constitution of 1848
Authors: Cicero Frank
Published: September 2018

Chapter 4 focuses on the 1847 Illinois state constitutional convention and the constitution approved by voters in 1848. Democrats comprised a majority of delegates, but Whigs built many successful coalitions. The new constitution sought greater balance of governmental powers, reducing the legislature’s appointive power, bestowing on the governor a weak veto power, and calling for direct election of judges. Age and residency requirements were specified for government service; citizenship was required of voters. Two contentious provisions put separately to voters were ultimately approved: one prohibiting free blacks from immigrating to the state and one calling for a property tax to relieve the state’s debt. With the 1848 constitution, Illinois transitioned from a frontier to a modern state.
Civil War, a Partisan Convention, the Decisive Later 1860s
Authors: Cicero Frank
Published: September 2018

Chapter 6 covers the Civil War years, during which portions of Illinois leaned toward secession even as white and black regiments mustered for service. The heavily partisan 1862 constitutional convention was led by Democrats who overstepped their charge, tackling the essential issues of increasing executive and legislator pay, strengthening the governor’s veto, and reducing the number of special-interest bills, but also betraying strong feelings against black settlement in the state and harassing the Republican governor. The proposed constitution was rejected by voters. Meanwhile, Chicago transformed into a modern metropolis, leading the region in commerce, finance, manufacturing, and philanthropy. The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution cemented Abraham Lincoln’s legacy even as attitudes toward racial equality in parts of Illinois remained distinctly southern.
The Fight for Asian American Civil Rights
Authors: Griffith Sarah M.
Published: September 2018

During World War II, a group of American liberal Protestants set out to defend the constitutional rights of Japanese Americans interned without trial. The root of their wartime activism can be traced to the late nineteenth century when American imperial expansion and a surge in new immigration from Asia led to heated debates over the meaning of racial difference and the limits of American immigration inclusion. From the early 1900s through World War II, American liberal Protestants stood on the frontlines of these debates. This book explores the myriad religious, social, and political forces that shaped liberal Protestant activism over the first half of the twentieth century and the legacies their initiatives left in the post-World War II era.
Once I Was an American
Authors: Griffith Sarah M.
Published: September 2018

Debates over racial inclusion and exclusion reached a turning point in 1922 when the U.S. Supreme Court denied Japan-born Takao Ozawa’s application for naturalization on racial grounds and reinforced their decision in the 1923 case of India-born Bhagat Singh Thind. Two years later, Congress approved Japanese immigrant exclusion on similar grounds. The Survey of Race Relations unfolded as race was being reintroduced to the nation’s legal codes. The interviews collected among Chinese Americans and Japanese Americans living on the Pacific revealed the precarious racial position these communities faced and how, on the cusp of these historical legal decisions, white racial liberals and Asian North Americans continued to envision assimilation and acculturation as viable options for ensuring inclusion in the nation’s civil, economic, and political life.
Epilogue
Authors: Griffith Sarah M.
Published: September 2018

Liberal Protestant resistance to anti-Asian discrimination evolved over the first half of the twentieth century to become a powerful force for social change. Through their various institutions and organizations, liberal Protestants worked to change the way Americans and policy makers thought about racial difference and inclusion. The interracial coalitions that liberal Protestants built during WWII continued to impact the fight for minority civil rights in the early Cold War era. The 1952 McCarran Walter Act embodied the racial liberalism of liberal Protestants when it lifted the decades-long ban on Asian immigration. Understanding the history of liberal Protestant activism comes at an important time as the nation continues to struggle over the meaning of inclusion and searches for ways to achieve racial equality.
Pigskin Nation
Authors: Berrett Jesse
Published: September 2018

This book explores professional football’s rising popularity in the 1960s and its simultaneous promotion by the NFL as “what makes this country great.” Taking the NFL seriously as a producer of culture—it boasted a publishing house, movie studio, and lobbyists—reveals how it used its status as the national pastime to foment broad debate. The book then explores how political influencers capitalized on that popularity by sending candidates to games, encouraging players and coaches to run for office, and stage-managing conventions that conveyed competence through effective television presentation. Middle Americans might vote for politicians who liked the game; centrist players became engaged democratic citizens; traditionalist coaches and radical athletes suddenly had a platform. Though this field tilted right, politicians on the left saw no contradiction between loving the game and standing for civil rights. This interweaving of football and politics does not reflect a dumbing-down of American politics or merely replicate the standard narrative of conservative realignment: no single participant in this scrimmage won a dominant political meaning for football. But Ronald Reagan built his appeal in 1980 around the romanticized role of George Gipp, making clear that a cluster of images promoted in the ‘60s by the NFL, and created collectively over the next decade, could and would still serve as a resonant symbol through the 80s and beyond.
No Football Fans, Just Football Intellectuals
Authors: Berrett Jesse
Published: September 2018

This chapter explores how official National Football League publications encouraged and attempted to manage a range of interpretations of professional football. These books set out a playing field and opened it for discussion. Even as liberal social observers worried about pro football’s rising appeal, conservatives celebrated its meritocratic traditionalism, radicals found it terrifying, and journalists increasingly made fun of its pretentions to gravitas, David Boss’s books conveyed the broad notion that football mattered in the broader culture and was worthy of serious intellectual consideration. Without centering on a particular meaning, they emphasized the idea that football mattered in the wider culture.
Search and Destroy
Authors: Berrett Jesse
Published: September 2018

This chapter discusses the impact of the 1960 CBS documentary The Violent World of Sam Huff, which treated professional football as a painful workplace, and NFL Films’ subsequent reshaping of that story to celebrate the sport’s spectacular aspects, ignore its physical toll, and mute individual players’ ability to capitalize on their images. In the hands of Ed and Steve Sabol, professional football, rather than any individual player, was the product on display. NFL Films rendered the sport’s violence impersonal, a matter of technique, and its focus on the skill and expertise necessary to play muted the notion of football as a job. By 1967, thanks to NFL Films, football looked and sounded different on TV than it had in 1957, and it meant different things.
The Kennedy/Lombardi School
Authors: Berrett Jesse
Published: September 2018

This chapter explores a range of responses to professional football as a cultural force: campaign consultants compared their efforts to playing the game and tallied won-lost records; politicians referred offhandedly to game plans and fourth quarters; journalists pondered what socially engaged sportswriting should cover and how to critique or resist the cultural/political dynamo that the NFL had constructed. The interconnections and affinities between football and politics provoked a huge, not always coherent range of attempts to grapple with this new culture. This new language did not simply pit left against right. Instead, the kinds of spectacle embodied in the new politics and football moved in multiple directions, empowering many different contestants to make themselves heard
I Really Believed in the Man
Authors: Berrett Jesse
Published: September 2018

This chapter explores the rising prominence of athletes in political campaigns after 1960, culminating with a wave of football players who served as endorsers and proxy campaigners across the political spectrum in the 1968 and 1972 presidential elections. Though some athletes simply bolstered the candidate’s regular-guy credentials, players like Ray Schoenke and Ed Podolak committed themselves deeply and authentically. The differing fates of Sam Huff and Jack Kemp, who stumped for presidential candidates and worked on political campaigns before entering races of their own, reveal the benefits and the limits of the celebrity that football had brought them.
Multidirectional Care in Transnational Families
Authors: Francisco-Menchavez Valerie
Published: September 2018

Adjusting to long-standing political economic conditions and the culture of migration in the Philippines, Filipino kin view their role of caring for their families in the Philippines as a form of care for a migrant family member, even though the migrant is not the direct receiver of care. To this end, the stories in chapter one follows the transnational care work within family kin networks to establish just how they reconfigure and make meaning of social reproductive labor in and from different places in a transnational arrangement. The unit of analysis in this chapter is the Filipino transnational family; following care work and its different permutations from the migrant abroad and from families in the Philippines. Further, the roles that extended and fictive kin play in the transnational family emerge as key contribution in shifting gender ideologies in care work.
Skype Mothers and Facebook Children
Authors: Francisco-Menchavez Valerie
Published: September 2018

Chapter two examines care work and intimacy between transnational family members shaped by the advancement in communication technologies, specifically, Skype and Facebook. New care providers, patterns of care work and forms of care emerge through these particular technological platforms. Although, technology brings new possibilities of supporting relationships over long distances, it also sometimes hinders relationships through its “all seeing eye” character. Transnational family members are impressive in their ability to stay connected through technology and yet, these strategies are only possible in fact because they are necessary in a world where families are forced to be separated to sustain their livelihoods. The chapter examines multidirectional care through technology’s role in transforming the relationships in transnational families and, importantly, assessing that possibilities and challenges of this development of care under the neoliberal condition they are transformed.
Communities of Care
Authors: Francisco-Menchavez Valerie
Published: September 2018

Using a multidirectional care model, chapter three explores “communities of care” which are a form of reorganizing care horizontally, from migrants to other migrants informed by their transnational familial experience. Past chapters discuss care within transnational family units, this chapter moves beyond the transnational family into the fictive kin created abroad among migrants. Although the subject of this chapter are the relationships between migrants living and working in New York City, the stories demonstrate that migrants actively draw from their transnational subjectivities as transnational family members and domestics workers to build a community of care. Drawing from Queer theories and Black feminist thought on fictive kinship, this chapter demonstrates horizontal care among migrants are configured socially rather than biologically.
Conclusion
Authors: Francisco-Menchavez Valerie
Published: September 2018

This chapter sums up the meaning, forms, roles and definitions of care is at the crux of proposing multidirectional care as a model of transnational care. The different actors contributing care work in the transnational family urge us to decenter the lone migrant family member as the sole provider; rather it values the care work that many people involved in transnational family arrangements contribute to sustaining familial relationships while separated and shifting gender ideologies. It urges us to think about families with an expanded view, to include biological kin and fictive kin, both at home and abroad, as care workers. Although the multidirectional care model illuminates elaborate exchanges of care work, the conclusion critically examines the invisible, institutional actor--the Philippine labor brokerage state--reified in the discussions of reorganized care work in the Filipino transnational family. Finally, the chapter ends with a call to action for the support of migrant workers globally.
Introduction
Authors: Vogel Joseph
Published: September 2018

This introduction provides an overview of James Baldwin’s work in the 1980s and why it has been overlooked. Against the conventional narrative of Baldwin’s “decline,” a fresh look at his late work reveals a still-razor-sharp, provocative writer who, with the benefit of hindsight, holds up as one of the most prescient observers of the post-civil rights landscape. Indeed, while Baldwin is most often associated with earlier historical moments, he remained prolific in his final decade, publishing his most ambitious novel in 1979 (Just Above My Head), several noteworthy essays and articles (including landmark pieces such as “The Cross of Redemption,” “Notes on the House of Bondage,” “Freaks and the American Ideal of Manhood,” and “To Crush the Serpent”), a collection of poems in 1984 (Jimmy’s Blues), a major nonfiction book in 1985 (The Evidence of Things Not Seen), and arguably his best play (the as-yet unpublished The Welcome Table). In addition, he gave numerous illuminating interviews and speeches, narrated a documentary (I Heard It through the Grapevine), and even collaborated on a spoken-word-music album with jazz musician and composer David Linx (A Lover’s Question).
The Price of the Beat
Authors: Vogel Joseph
Published: September 2018

This chapter draws on James Baldwin’s final novel, Just Above My Head, to explore the complex role of the black “crossover” artist in America. How have black popular artists been read, represented, and evaluated in American media and culture? What was the price of “crossing over,” of playing to increasingly mass, cross-racial audiences, of working for white labels, of conforming to the demands of a white industry? Why was black success so often accompanied by tragedy? This chapter explores why black music—and the black popular artist—were so important to Baldwin, and what his final novel suggests about its paradoxical power and vulnerabilities.
The Welcome Table
Authors: Vogel Joseph
Published: September 2018

This chapter examines Baldwin’s unpublished play, The Welcome Table, within the context of the AIDS epidemic. While it is only mentioned explicitly in a few early passages, the AIDS crisis serves as a significant backdrop to the events that follow. AIDS, that is, is not merely a trivial, passing reference in the text; it plays an important role as subtext and context. Since The Welcome Table remains unpublished and largely unavailable to the general public, the chapter also attempts to showcase a relatively unknown but significant work from Baldwin’s final decade.
“To Crush the Serpent”
Authors: Vogel Joseph
Published: September 2018

This chapter draws on Baldwin’s final major essay, “To Crush the Serpent” (1987), to examine the rise of the religious Right and Baldwin’s alternative vision of morality. In the 1980s, Baldwin recognized, a major transformation had occurred in the sociopolitical functions of religion. His critique adapted accordingly, focusing on the ways in which religion (particularly evangelical Christianity) had morphed into a movement deeply enmeshed with mass media, conservative politics, and capitalism. The new movement was often characterized as the “Religious Right” or the “Moral Majority” and was central to both Reagan’s political coalition as well as the broader culture wars. In “To Crush the Serpent” Baldwin narrows in on the definitions and uses of the sinner or transgressor in the context of Reagan-era obsessions with the body and sexuality.
Things Not Seen
Authors: Vogel Joseph
Published: September 2018

This chapter reads Baldwin’s award-winning essay, “Atlanta: The Evidence of Things Not Seen” and elaborated final nonfiction book, The
Evidence of Things Not Seen, as a corrective to sensationalist media accounts of the Atlanta child murders and simplistic gloss-overs of the New South. This chapter argues that while Evidence is perhaps Baldwin’s most neglected work (both upon publication and today), it offers one of the most penetrating examinations of the paradoxes, hypocrisies, and illusions of the Reagan era. It also presciently anticipates the “post-racial” violence that continues in the Obama era, from Trayvon Martin to Mike Brown, from Sandra Bland to the Charleston Nine.
Epilogue
Authors: Vogel Joseph
Published: September 2018

This epilogue argues for the significance of Baldwin’s contributions to media and cultural studies, highlighting not only how his work in the 1980s engaged with television, film, and other forms of popular culture, but also how he used these media as platforms for his own work.
Conclusion
Authors: Schwoch James
Published: September 2018

The chapter opens with discussion of the secure command of electronic communication networks in the McKinley White House during the Spanish-American War. The chapter then discusses the legacy of how and why the telegraph wired into nature on the North American frontier, the shaping of electronic networks for security and surveillance, and the implications of that legacy for contemporary society.
A Peculiar Obsession
Authors: Sueyoshi Amy
Published: September 2018

This chapter details how Japan in the 1890s was largely a mystery to Americans. Chinese, on the other hand, evoked strong sentiments of antipathy in San Francisco. As more Japanese arrived, clear distinctions arose between Chinese and Japanese as two separate races, most visibly in the city morgue’s processing of unknown Asian bodies. This differentiation between the two ethnicities further underscored San Francisco’s obsession over its Asian population, which in total made up less than 3 percent of the city’s population at the time. As city officials took pride in their home being an “International City,” communities of color and indigenous people would never have considered it to be a racial utopia. Indeed, San Francisco’s embrace of its immigrant population and diversity would only be available to ethnic whites.
Managing Masculinity
Authors: Sueyoshi Amy
Published: September 2018

On the eve of the twentieth century, Chinese symbolized a degraded savage masculinity, and Japanese embodied feminine civility just as middle-class whites sought to forge ideal manhood as a balance between primal and overcivilized masculinity. Within five years, however, the representations would switch as the Chinese became civilized, educated men who valued education for their daughters, and the Japanese became oppressive fighting automatons. These polarized representations distinguished the two Asian ethnicities from one another even as the actual characteristics more accurately reflected realities of white masculinity. This chapter traces how explorations of ideal manhood among middle-class whites would be projected on both Chinese and Japanese men.
Introduction
Authors: Flores John H.
Published: September 2018

This introduction explores the literature on Mexican immigrants and transnationalism; social movements; state-sponsored contract-labor programs; deportation; and naturalization, assimilation, and Americanization. It explains that a diverse body of Mexican immigrants settled in metropolitan Chicago in the wake of the Mexican Revolution of 1910. These Mexicans subscribed to distinct liberal, radical, and conservative (traditional) political beliefs and engaged in a wide-range of political projects. In the end, the traditionalists were the Mexican immigrants to become U.S. citizens in significant numbers, and they did so, in part, because of the anticlerical and radical legacy of the revolution, which alienated them from the postrevolutionary Mexican state and set them on course to create new lives for themselves in the United States.
Muncie, India(na)
Authors: Gupta-Carlson Himanee
Published: September 2018

The book is a study of South Asian Americans in Muncie, Indiana – the author’s hometown. Muncie is the small Midwestern city made famous for being “typical America” through the Middletown studies. The book is among the first studies of the South Asian American community in Muncie as well as small-town middle America more generally. It situates the experiences of Muncie’s South Asians within the larger context of scholarship in Asian American Studies, racial and ethnic studies, postcolonial/diaspora studies, and the Middletown archive. At the heart of the book is the question: What does it mean to call one’s self an American is one is non-white, non-Christian, and/or non-U.S. born? It uses an interdisciplinary blend of auto-ethnography, and discourse analysis to argue that a failure to account for the racial, ethnic, and religious diversity of America has left behind a false legacy of what defines an American. It shows how the Muncie South Asian American community has sustained itself through extraordinary friendship and resilience, qualities which allowed the members of the community to negotiate internal differences among Indians and other South Asians to make a home in a city – and a nation – that renders them non-American.
Navigating Rebellion and Respect
Authors: Gupta-Carlson Himanee
Published: September 2018

This chapter uses auto-ethnography and discourse analysis to discuss the lives of South Asian American individuals’ memories of their teenage years in Muncie, Indiana. It compares and contrasts these experiences with the depiction of high school life in the acclaimed documentary Seventeen, analyzing both the experiences and the film against the 1970s racial politics of Muncie life. It also critiques a set of new Middletown studies on Muncie that were conducted in the 1970s and in doing so argues that the exclusions of African Americans and foreign-born individuals in the earlier studies by Robert S. Lynd and Helen Merrell Lynd affected the lens through which the follow-up studies interpreted 1970s Muncie life
Domestic “Dogs of War” Unleashed
Authors: Stromquist Shelton
Published: September 2018

Municipal politics offers an opportunity to assess the impact of the Great War on the lives of workers in Australia and the United States and the fortunes of labor and socialist parties. Although both countries lay on the periphery of the European conflict, each contributed significant manpower and economic resources to the war effort. Each also faced the disruptive impact of the war on their economies. Locally soaring prices, spot unemployment, housing shortages, and the loss of breadwinners’ income put great stress on working-class families that labor and socialist parties sought to address. In the pre-war period, these parties in both countries contested for power in cities but more successfully in the United States, despite limits on municipal home rule. A pre-war surge in strike activity was also more intense in the United States. These circumstances shaped the local politics of the war years in which locally mobilized anticonscription and antiwar activity in Australia surged at the local level. In the United States, urban elites successfully used socialist opposition to the war to severely repress and ultimately disable socialists’ capacity to maintain their pre-war strength in cities. As a consequence, while US socialists’ gains eroded during and after the war, in Australia successful local mobilization against conscription enabled the Labor Party to make gains in municipal as well as state and national politics. The war dramatically changed the political landscape for labor and socialists in both countries—for the worse in the United States and for the better in Australia.
Union-Avoidance Strategies in the Meat Industry in Australia and the United States
Authors: Jerrard Marjorie A. , O’Leary Patrick
Published: September 2018

The meat industries in the United States and in Australia share a number of common features, including similar economic and industrial development, overlapping ownership patterns, the nature of the work, a trend toward relying on a migrant workforce, and similar management union-avoidance strategies. There are industry differences between the two countries due primarily to the unique labor-relations regulatory system in each country. Australian legislation since the mid-1990s has enabled industry employers to follow more closely the pattern of union avoidance established in the United States, but protections are still found in Australian industry awards and the industrial tribunal. Both countries have witnessed a deunionization of the industry at the cost of declines in workers’ wages and conditions, and worker exploitation is increasingly common due to the neoliberal ideology that influences government policy and legislation and encourages employers to individualize the employment relationship.
Selfing
Authors: Hartigan John
Published: September 2018

Chapter Four goes inside the lab, examining the genetic techniques by which the razas de maíz are broken down into mapping populations—more manageable samples of genetic structure and material. The initial focus is on the technique of selfing plants and the recent sexual history of maize, using these as the basis for transposing “care of the self” to “care of the species.”
Interlude
Authors: Hartigan John
Published: September 2018

On one of my last days in Guanajuato, I visit the botanical garden and nature reserve, El Charco Ingenio, outside San Miguel de Allende. Driving from Ciudad Guanajuato, I climb up from the city (2,000 meters), through the mountains, rising up into the woodlands of pine and live oak (2,500 meters). This is likely the route Sessé and Mociño followed as they searched these mountains for plants they had not yet collected. The scent of pines is strong and sweet, the road narrow and twisting. I catch glimpses of the rocky soils of eroding lava cores until, once through the high pass, the terrain slowly morphs into savanna plains starting back around 2,000 meters. My colleague, geographer Karl Butzer, described this terrain as “Rough hill country and uplands, normally formed by ignimbrites tuffs with duricrusts, or lavas, appears to have had a medley of vegetation types, with scattered woodlands of mesquite or acacia, probably open” (1997, 162). Along the way, the car radio crackles with ...
A Savage Ontology
Authors: Tarizzo Davide
Published: September 2018

The underlying idea is that “life” is a metaphysical notion, not a scientific one, and that this notion has permeated both the European and the Anglophone traditions of thought
Rhodes Tavern and the Problem with Preservation in the 1980s
Authors: Logan Cameron
Published: September 2018

unpacks the contradictions and conflicts within the preservation movement that emerged during and after the Rhodes Tavern controversy (1977-1984). In particular the chapter interprets the different social and cultural objectives nested within the broad preservation movement and the difficulties involved in maintain the coherence of that movement in the 1980s.
The Long Take
Authors: Koepnick Lutz
Published: September 2018

In The Long Take, Lutz Koepnick posits extended shot durations as a powerful medium for exploring different modes of perception and attention in our fast-paced world of mediated stimulations. This book serves as a critical hallmark of international art cinema in the twenty-first century, inviting viewers to probe the aesthetics of moving images and to recalibrate their sense of time.
Images of/as Promise
Authors: Koepnick Lutz
Published: September 2018

Chapter 2: explores probing of the durational, and the promise of wondrous interruption of time, in the photographic work and installativepractive of Hiroshi Sugimoto and Philip Lachenmann; though neither work lives up to classical defintions of the long take, both indicate the neeed to expand that concepts beyond traditional understandings of “cinema.”
(Un)Timely Meditations
Authors: Koepnick Lutz
Published: September 2018

Chapter 7: focusing on the role of long takes in the films and installation works of Abbas Kiarostami and ApihcatpongWeerasethakul, this chapter explores in greater detail how long takes haven taken on a crucial role in contemporary screen practice to investigate the intermingling of different temporalities and incongruous spaces often associated with recent processes of globalization, both image makers calrify also that the boudnaires between cinematic auditorium and museum gallery have become utterly porous, and that long takes serve as one among other possible media and technqiues navigating this grey zone.
New Lines
Authors: Wilson Matthew W.
Published: September 2018

New Lines considers a society increasingly drawn to the power of the digital map, examining the conceptual and technical developments of the field of geographic information science as this work is refracted through a pervasive digital culture. This book draws together archival research on the birth of the digital map with a reconsideration of the critical turn in mapping and cartographic thought.
Greetings from Hollywood!
Authors: Mack Jennifer
Published: September 2018

Chapter 5 analyzes several new and controversial Syriac-dominated neighborhoods of custom-designed and formally elaborate single-family houses that majority Swedish planners regard as cautionary tales of too-flexible planning regulations. Syriac architectural displays of difference in affluent enclaves have required new forms of professional planning practice and reconsiderations of “participation.”
Neighbors
Authors: Pearson Thomas W.
Published: September 2018

Mining companies have developed various tactics to overcome local opposition, but also to assert a sense of “belonging” in a contentious social landscape. They invoke alluring narratives about jobs, small-town neighborliness, corporate citizenship and responsibility, Wisconsin's supposed mining tradition, the role of resource extraction in modern civilization, and environmental sustainability
In Pursuit of Local Democracy
Authors: Pearson Thomas W.
Published: September 2018

Returns to the story of Vista Sand described in the introduction and follows concerned citizens as they organize against a proposed mine and rail spur, ultimately seeking to confront the mining industry within local democratic decision-making bodies
Confronting the Next Boom
Authors: Pearson Thomas W.
Published: September 2018

Describes the recent downturn of the frac sand mining industry, the broader significance of struggles over local control and local democracy, and promising directions for grassroots activism.
Critical Access Studies
Authors: Hamraie Aimi
Published: September 2018

Investigates twentieth-century strategies for designing the world with disability in mind. Illustrated with a wealth of rare archival materials, this book brings together scientific, social, and political histories in what is not only the pioneering critical account of Universal Design but also a deep engagement with the politics of knowing, making, and belonging in twentieth-century United States.
Sloped Technoscience
Authors: Hamraie Aimi
Published: September 2018

Chapter 4 studies the history of the curb cut as a do-it-yourself accessibility technology produced by disability activists. This chapter uses the curb cut to examine broader histories of disability maker cultures.
Entangled Principles
Authors: Hamraie Aimi
Published: September 2018

Chapter 7 considers the “Principles of Universal Design,” the key document of this movement, unpacking its interventions.
Trans Capable
Authors: Snorton C. Riley
Published: September 2018

Chapter 2 discusses flesh’s collateral genealogy, suggesting that the recurrence of “cross dressing” and cross gender modes of escape in fugitive slave narratives engenders a way of seeing fungible flesh as a mode for fugitive action. This chapter looks at how fungibility and fugitivity occur within the narrative plots of Incidents in the Life of A Slave Girl (1861) and Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom (1860).
DeVine’s Cut
Authors: Snorton C. Riley
Published: September 2018

Chapter 5 turns to the murders of Lisa Lambert, Brandon Teena, and Phillip DeVine on New Year’s Eve in Humboldt, Nebraska in 1993. While much of the scholarship in trans and media studies have focused on the implications of Brandon Teena’s death (and cinematic portrayals), this chapter narrates the Humboldt killings from the perspective of black and disabled DeVine.
Being-together-in-place
Authors: Larsen Soren C. , Johnson Jay T. , Wildcat Daniel R.
Published: September 2018

On the postcolonial landscapes of contemporary settler states, place is guiding Indigenous peoples, settler-descended peoples, and nonhumans into a new dialogue, moving humanity toward an understanding of the world as a series of genealogical connections, each with its own relational worldviews in the pluriverse
Foucault on Painting
Authors: Soussloff Catherine M.
Published: September 2018

Catherine M. Soussloff argues that Michel Foucault’s sustained engagement with European art history critically addresses present concerns about the mediated nature of the image in the digital age. She explores the meaning of painting for Foucault’s philosophy, and for contemporary art theory, proposing a new relevance for a Foucauldian view of ethics and the pleasures and predicaments of contemporary existence.
What Painting Does
Authors: Soussloff Catherine M.
Published: September 2018

Where does a new theory of painting belong in the context of Foucault’s larger philosophical project?
PCBs and Thrifty Genes
Authors: Hoover Elizabeth
Published: September 2018

The fifth chapter explores the ways in which Akwesasne community members conceptualize the environmental, social, and physiological origins of diabetes, placing the blame not just on individual non-compliant bodies, but rather weaving a more complex etiology that indicates connections between PCBs and diabetes
Spectacle of Property
Authors: Rhodes John David
Published: September 2018

Spectacle of Property details the ambivalent but powerful pleasure we take in viewing private property onscreen, analyzing the security and ease the house promises along with the horrible anxieties it produces. It marks a new milestone in examining cinema’s relationship to realism while leaving us vastly more informed about, if less at home inside, the houses we occupy at the movies.
From Port Authority to Strategic Manager: The Transformation of the FPA
Authors: Tull Malcolm
Published: September 2018

This chapter explores the administrative structure of the port, and its profitability as it varied over the twentieth century. It examines the evolution of the Fremantle Harbour Trust into the Fremantle Port Authority. Tull cites the problem of over-staffing and over-investment as core factors in the late twentieth century decline of the port, but claims the microeconomic reform of the authority transformed it into an industrious, commercial, and customer focussed organisation, well equipped to handle the port and its future needs throughout the subsequent century.
The International Maritime Labour Market (Sixteenth-Nineteenth Centuries)
Authors: Lucassen Jan
Published: September 2018

This chapter explores the modes of the recruitment of seamen in European countries with changing economic positions from the sixteenth to nineteenth century. It discusses the four divisions of recruitment policies: mixed systems of free and unfree labour; national recruitment of free labour; national recruitment of unfree labour; and international and national recruitment of free labour, and analyses the influence of labour migration, war, imperialism and internationalisation.
British Sailors, 1775-1870
Authors: Palmer Sarah , Williams David M.
Published: September 2018

This chapter provides a study of British seamen in the “age of sail” and analyses how Britain became the undisputed maritime world power in both mercantile and naval terms. It looks at the country’s expansion of maritime activity in the light of the uniqueness of Britain’s position as an island with a lengthy coastline and ports facing in more than one direction, and questions the reliability and accessibility of data concerning the mercantile maritime.
Sailors in the Southern Netherlands and Belgium (16th-19th Centuries)
Authors: Baetens Roland
Published: September 2018

This chapter explores the lives and social status of seamen in the Southern Netherlands and Belgium, and provides insight on the respective country’s labour market. It sheds light on the sailor recruitment process; influence of the industrial revolution on maritime growth; the government’s attitude toward maritime affairs; size of merchant fleets and the navy; working conditions; wages; and opportunities for promotion.
The Expansion of American Interests in Transatlantic Commerce and Trade, 1865-1893
Authors: Flayhart III William Henry
Published: September 2018

This chapter analyses the expansion of America’s transatlantic trade in the period directly following the American Civil War. Post Civil War, industrialisation increased rapidly, alongside the expansion of rail networks, allowing for the investment in steamship technology. The chapter tracks the development of business rivalries, governmental acts, and the passenger and freight trade that led America to take a key role in international maritime trade. In particular, the author follows the history of the Philadelphia Railroad Company and the role it played in the process of globalisation.
Cooperation and Reorganization on the North-South Routes from Japan in the Interwar Period
Authors: Tatsuki Mariko
Published: September 2018

This chapter focuses on the Japanese shipping industry in the interwar years between the First and Second World Wars. It follows Japanese developments such as the expansion into Australian and New Zealand routes; the dominance of British shipowners over latitudinal routes and the subsequent response from rival nations in commoditizing longitudinal routes; the dominance of Nippon Yusen Kaisha over conference systems and other Japanese shipping companies; and the post-war utilisation of large diesel-powered ships for trade routes.
Convergence or National Styles? The Japanese Challenge to British-Norwegian Hegemony in the Twentieth-Century Whaling Industry
Authors: Basberg Bjørn L.
Published: September 2018

This chapter discusses the British-Norwegian technological and economic hegemony of the modern whaling industry during the twentieth century, and the nature of the challenge presented by Japan, and the relationship between rival states during this period of globalisation. It follows the development of Japanese whaling; their adoption of the modern ‘Norwegian’ method; the 1934 Japanese move into Antarctic waters; and the eventual dominance of Japan over the whaling industry. It concludes by affirming that Japan’s success came from importing British-Norwegian technology, and later, blueprints, in order to adopt and adapt modern whaling technology to suit their national needs, demonstrating that the integration of technology is made possible by globalisation.
Organizational and Managerial Patterns of Greek-Owned Shipping Enterprises and the Internationalization Process from the Interwar Period to 1990
Authors: Theotokas John
Published: September 2018

This chapter discusses the organisational and managerial practices of Greek shipping enterprises during the twentieth century, seeking to answer why these structures changed very little over the course of the century, and how their organisational structures gave them a positive, competitive advantage in an internationalised shipping industry. The author is particularly interested in the family-oriented nature of the greek shipping industry in comparison to other nations. The chapter also contrasts Greek-owned shipping enterprises during the interwar years with the post-war years that followed.
Internationalization and the Collapse of British Shipbuilding, 1945-1973
Authors: Johnman Lewis
Published: September 2018

This chapter studies the collapse of British shipbuilding, in attempt to determine how directly it was linked to the internationalisation of the shipping industry. Lewis Johnman asserts that the lack of response from the British shipbuilding industry to the post Second World War boom in the international industry is a core reason for its decline. To prove this, the chapter considers the globalisation of shipping in post-war context; the second phase of the internationalisation of the world economy; the Norwegian market; the Japanese presence in the industry; and the failure of British Shipbuilding in both international and domestic markets during the period.
Credit, Risk and Reputation in Late Seventeenth-Century Colonial Trade
Authors: Zahedieh Nuala
Published: September 2018

This essay considers the purpose and value of credit - in the sense of character esteem and regard - in the early modern economic system. Particular focus is given to the role of credit, and the nature of risk in colonial trade. The essay seeks to prove that integrity amongst merchants was essential due to the necessity of promise and trust - promises to provide and deliver goods, promises to pay, these were necessary pacts that minimised the risk of colonial trade. It also examines the way colonial merchants confined their business to small circles of correspondents rather than large trade networks. The conclusion asserts that mercantile trade system was shaped by credit, building from the evidence raised by examining trade documents concerning London and the West Indies.