bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Translation of Culture-bound References for Dubbing: A Model for the Analysis
Authors: Satkauskaitė Danguolė , Astrauskienė Jurgita
Published: April 2022

Culture-bound references receive considerable attention from translation scholars, as they are regarded as one of the most difficult challenges that translators face. However, most studies examine the transmission of culture-bound references to the target audience in literary texts, while research that would examine the translation of culture-bound references in audiovisual discourse involving additional constraints is somewhat limited. Dubbing is considered to be one of the most challenging modes of audiovisual translation, mainly due to the synchronization applied to it. This paper presents a model for the analysis of the translation of culture-bound references dedicated specifically to dubbing. The authors of the paper discuss the complexity of the concept of culture-bound references, their categorization and the taxonomies of their translation procedures. The article discusses the specifics of dubbing, the typology of synchronies applied in dubbing and restrictions posed by it on the translation of culture-bound references.
Chosen Keywords in the Discourse of British Politicians on Brexit: A Pragmatic Analysis
Authors: Kubicha Patrycja
Published: April 2022

The goal of the article was to select and analyze keywords concerning central Brexit-related themes found in chosen speeches delivered in the years 2013-2021 by politicians from three British parties: the Conservative Party, the Labour Party, and the Brexit Party. The decision regarding Brexit had been made as a result of the referendum in which a small majority of British citizens had voted for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to leave the EU. Via a pragmatic analysis conducted with the help of the program AntConc on a sample of one hundred transcripts of chosen speeches from sources such as the official government website and media websites, four keywords which played a crucial role in the discourse on Brexit were chosen, namely leave, remain, referendum, and country. They appeared in the speeches of members of all of the three above mentioned parties. In their rhetorical and persuasive speeches delivered before the referendum, the politicians tried to convince the British society to support Brexit or to be against it, and in their speeches given after the referendum, they accented, e.g., that the decision made by the majority of the voters needs to be honored.
Risk factors for chronic non-diseases and cardiovascular risk anthropometric indices: is there a correlation?
Authors: Araújo Machado Richele Janaina de , Brito Lorena Almeida , Oliveira Carla Braga Campelo de , Souza Marcos Porto Arrais de , Filho Júlio César Chaves Nunes , a Nunes Marilia Porto Oliveira , Rego Juliana Magalhães da Cunha
Published: April 2022

It aimed to correlate the prevalence of risk factors with the anthropometric indices of risk analysis for CVD in employees of a university center in Fortaleza/CE. It was a cross-sectional, observational, quantitative, descriptive, and analytical study, carried out in a Higher Education Institution. Sociodemographic, food consumption and anthropometric data were collected, in addition to the self-reported presence of any chronic disease, from August 2019 to January 2020. Anthropometric data were classified according to the WHO, characterizing the nutritional status and the presence of risk for CVD. Food frequency was analyzed by food groups, correlated with risk for CVD (eg consumption of soft drinks and sweets, whole milk, red meat with apparent fat and added salt). Data tabulation was performed in Microsoft Excel 2019 and statistical analyzes in SPSS 22.0. All data were collected after approval by the ethics committee and participants signed an informed consent form. Eighty employees were evaluated, 65% women, aged between 20 and 29 years old (50%, 62.5%), brown with 56.70% and with at least complete high school (52.5%). In the BMI, 68.75% were overweight (p= 0.172). Regarding the classification of WC, 62.5% of the population has a moderate to high risk according to their classification, with a difference between genders (p=0.00). In PC, 77.5% are obese and overweight (p=0.639). In WHtR, 75% of women and 60.7% of men had risk values, with no difference between genders (p=0.184). In both sexes, they ingested soda and artificial drinks from 1 to 2 days a week, where 42.9% were men and 30.8% were women (p = 0.654), consuming sweets 1 to 2 days a week, with the percentage of 37,5% (p=0.431). Vegetables and vegetables cooked, 3 to 4 times a week, 45% of the population consumed and 26.25% rarely consumed these raw foods. In red meat with visible fat, it was observed that most of the population consumes (57.5%) and whole milk (70%). Employees also presented as a protective factor for hypertension and dyslipidemia the presence of milk consumption and as a risk, and a higher risk when they had a BMI >25kg/m2. Thus, it could be observed that there is a large consumption of foods with saturated fats such as red meat and sugars such as soft drinks, sweets and artificial drinks that end up contributing to excess weight, cardiovascular risks and it is possible to identify how eating habits and the indicators are related to the development of chronic diseases.
EKSPLORASI PERAN MOTIVASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN SEMANGAT BELAJAR BAHASA ARAB DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH NURUL HIDAYAH BLADO KULON
Authors: Wijaya Mualim , Maulidiyah Malihatul
Published: April 2022

This paper aims to analyze and understand the problems in learning Arabic that result in low student enthusiasm for learning and the solutions and efforts made by Madrasah Tsanawiyah Nurul Hidayah Blado Kulon Probolinggo who apply the role of motivation in increasing enthusiasm for learning Arabic. This research uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological type, with research located at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Nurul Hidayah Blado Kulon, researchers try to master the phenomena that occur in the madrasa through observation, interviews and documentation as information gathering techniques. Meanwhile, the presentation of information, reduction of information and drawing conclusions, including data analysis from this research. The results of the research show that how to increase the enthusiasm for learning Arabic which is carried out by Madrasah Tsanawiyah Nurul Hidayah Blado Kulon through motivation by providing encouragement in the form of guidance and counseling services, increasing the qualifications of Arabic language teachers and applying varied and communicative educational methods and strategies, using media attractive and communicative, giving rewards in the form of praise and comments to students, and creating competition and cooperation between students.
How to Study Child Sexual Abuse Within the Institutional Framework? The Experience of the Catholic Church in Poland
Authors: Sadlon Wojciech , Nowotny Sławomir
Published: April 2022

Sexual abuse as a manifestation of personality disorders and a crime is shaped and committed in a specific social environment. The Institute for Catholic Church Statistics was the first in Poland to undertake systematic research on the problem of child sexual abuse. The scope of this research concerns the acts committed within Catholic organizations by priests and religious. In this chapter, we present Polish research on abuse and characterize the organizational framework of the Catholic Church in Poland. We highlight the public importance of research on child sexual abuse by priests. The focus of the chapter, however, is devoted to the methodological issues of quantitative sociological research on the sexual abuse of minors within Catholic organizations. We discuss the basic assumptions, methods and scope of collected data that concerns Poland. In an accessible and understandable way for a reader who has no knowledge of social sciences, we ­explain how the facts of child abuse by priests and religious are studied in Poland.
Protection of Minors in the Legislation of the Diocese of Tarnów
Authors: Kantor Robert
Published: April 2022

The sexual abuse of a child is a crime which demands a response on various levels. On the one hand, it requires psychological support for the victims, while on the other, it requires concrete legal and penal measures against the perpetrators, as well as broad social education and preventive measures in order to prevent similar tragedies from recurring in the future. The document entitled “Protection of Minors in the Pastoral Work of the Diocese of Tarnów – Norms and Rules” refers to the actions of the universal Church. The document on the protection of minors is a guideline for the Diocese of Tarnów to be used in all parishes, communities and works of the diocese, both by clergymen, consecrated persons and laity who undertake ministry among children and young people.
“Problematic” Sexual Behaviors: Clinical and Legal Aspects
Authors: Kamińska Agnieszka Gloria
Published: April 2022

There is a vast scientific literature on psychiatric pathologies but research on the sexual problems that secondarily accompany them is still lacking. Among the few issues which in this area still manage to overcome an evident generalized resistance of patients to treating the subject and which can be the purpose of further study, beyond the sexual dysfunctions caused by drugs and the greater risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) we have focused in our bibliographical research on problematic sexual behaviors (PSBs). In particular, we have examined PSBs that complicate axis 2 disorders, usually the field of dynamic psychotherapy, while with reference to axis 1 only those present in bipolar disorder, because of the fact that this last, in its “ultra-rapid” cycles, is located by some authors in the symptom spectrum of borderline personality disorders. Lastly, our in-depth analysis, with the exclusion of paraphilic disorders already nosologically well classified in the DSM-5 with code F65, focused on the still poorly defined legal implications of PSBs secondary to personality disorders (PDs), with the purpose of contributing to a greater consideration of the argument in favor of adequate legal protection of patients and health professionals involved in this particular aspect of psycho-behavioral pathologies.
Kidney autotransplantation: a method for treating ureteral lesions in urological and oncological practice
Authors: Arzumanov S. V. , Polyakov Nikolay , Ryabov Andrey , Galitskaya Daria
Published: April 2022

The first successful kidney autotransplantation was performed in 1902. The technique has undergone several changes since then. The indications and surgical technique are presented in this literature review. Kidney autotransplantation is the treatment of choice for preserving renal function. Three clinical observations on the use of kidney autotransplantation in urological and oncological practice are described: a patient after iatrogenic ureteral injury and two patients with primary retroperitoneal tumor. Literature analysis and clinical observations from urological and oncological practice show that kidney autotransplantation could be safely used for strictly selected indications.
Charlson comorbidity index in predicting deaths in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Svarovskaya A. V. , Shabelsky А. O. , Levshin Artem V.
Published: April 2022

Aim. To assess the clinical performance and factors associated with inhospital mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Material and methods. Our results are based on data from hospital charts of inpatients hospitalized in the Asinovskaya District Hospital in the period from March 11, 2020 to December 31, 2020, with a verified COVID-19 by polymerase chain reaction. The study included 151 patients, the median age of which was 66,2 (50- 92) years (women, 91; 60,3%). The study endpoints were following hospitalization outcomes: discharge or death. Depending on the outcomes, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group included 138 patients (survivors), while the 2nd one included 13 patients (death). To objectify the severity of multimorbidity status, the Charlson comorbidity index was used. The final value was estimated taking into account the patient age by summing the points assigned to a certain nosological entity using a calculator table.

Results. Hypertension was recorded in the majority of patients — 79,5%, chronic kidney disease — in 61,1%. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease was high — 31,8% each. Prior myocardial infarction was diagnosed in 11,3% of cases. The prevalence of percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary bypass surgery was 5,3% and 3,3%, respectively. Stroke was detected in 9,3% of participants. Prior chronic pulmonary pathologies in COVID-19 patients were rare (asthma — 3,3%, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease — 2,0%). In order to predict the death risk in COVID-19 patients, a logistic regression analysis was performed, which showed that age and Charlson comorbidity index were the most significant predictors.

Conclusion. Independent factors of inhospital mortality were age and Charlson’s comorbidity index. The risk assessment model will allow clinicians to identify patients with a poor prognosis at an earlier disease stage, thereby reducing mortality by implementing more effective COVID-19 treatment strategies in conditions with limited medical resources.
Features of COVID-19 course in patients with obesity and dysglycemia
Authors: Strongin L. G. , Korneva K. G. , Petrov A. V. , Nekrasova T. A. , Mavia E. A.A. , Belikina D. V. , Malysheva E. S. , Melnichenko O. V.
Published: April 2022

Aim. To study the features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with different severity of carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMDs), taking into account the possible role of obesity in the acceleration of clinical and laboratory disorders.

Material and methods. There were 137 consecutive patients admitted to the infectious disease hospital for COVID-19patients. Three 3 groups were formed: group 1 — 42 patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes (T2D); group 2 — 13 patients with concomitant prediabetes; group 3 — 82 patients without concomitant CMDs.

Results. Patients with T2D tended to have a more severe disease course according to the SMRT-CO algorithm (p=0,089), which was associated with the longest hospital stay (p=0,038), the most pronounced (p=0,011) and prolonged (p=0,0001) decrease in oxygen saturation, the maximum percentage of lung injury at the beginning (p=0,094) and at the end (p=0,007) of hospitalization, the greater need for intensive care unit (p=0,050), as well as the highest increase in C-reactive protein and fibrinogen (hypercoagulability and systemic inflammation were noted in all groups). Patients with prediabetes in terms of COVID-19 severity occupied an intermediate position between those with T2D and without CMDs; at the same time, they most often needed the prescription of biological preparations (p=0,001). In the first and second groups, there were larger, compared with the control, proportions of obese people (61,9%, 53,8% and 30,5%, respectively, p=0,003). Prediabetes group had a strong correlation between the severity of viral pneumonitis according to SMRT-CO and the presence of obesity (R=0,69, p=0,009).

Conclusion. In patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism of any severity, COVID-19 is more severe. At the same time, persons with overt T2D are prone to the most severe COVID-19 course, while patients with prediabetes in terms of disease severity occupy an intermediate position between them and those without CMDs. Obesity is a strong risk factor for severe COVID-19 among patients with initial CMDs (prediabetes), which is partly mediated by prior liver dysfunction associated with the metabolic syndrome. The increase in proinflammatory changes and hypercoagulability is associated with COVID-19 severity in patients with and without CMDs. These disorders had the greatest severity and persistence in patients with T2D.
Prospects for using a perindopril/amlodipine combination in patients with hypertension and/or coronary artery disease and COVID-19: focus on the endothelium
Authors: Polyakova O. A. , Kochetkov A. I. , Ostroumova O. D.
Published: April 2022

The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an ongoing public health emergency that has caused unprecedented morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndromerelated coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which affects not only the lungs but also the cardiovascular system. A strong theoretical justification for the multisystem effect of COVID-19 is the close relationship between it and endothelial dysfunction, which, according to expert consensus, is crucial for the pathogenesis and severity of the disease. Endothelial dysfunction is considered as the main pathophysiological process in the severe and/or prolonged course of COVID-19, and is probably the common denominator of many clinical aspects of severe COVID-19. This review presents scientific data on the effect of perindopril and amlodipine in patients with hypertension and/or coronary heart disease and COVID-19 on endothelial function.
Low-dose ionizing radiation as a factor increasing cardiovascular mortality: is there a risk from multiple computed tomographies in the context of COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Koterov A. N. , Ushenkova L. N.
Published: April 2022

The review aim was to familiarize biomedical professionals with the latest evidence-based data on the effect of sparsely ionizing radiation (X-ray, γ- and β-radiation) on cardiovascular mortality (ICD-9: 390-459; ICD-10: I00-I99), which is especially important during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic due to the increased use of computed tomography (CT) and X-ray procedures. Information is presented on the officially accepted range of radiation doses (very low doses — 0-0,01 Gy, low doses — 0,01-0,1 Gy, moderate doses — 0,1- 1,0 Gy, high doses — over 1 Gy). The evolution of ideas about the effects of radiation on the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is discussed: from high and very high doses to the declaration in recent years of the possible effect of low doses. The statements from the documents of authoritative radiation organizations (UNSCEAR, ICRP, NCRP, EPA, etc.) are given, according to which the threshold for increasing cardiovascular mortality is 0,5 Gy (range of moderate doses), and there are no epidemiological justifications for the effects of low doses. According to a data for six countries, the maximum cumulative doses from multiple CT scans for COVID-19 diagnosis are one order less than the threshold dose, and the average cumulative doses are two orders less. Data on the absence or low risk of cancer after CT for this reason are also presented.
Empagliflozin in patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure: an expert resolution on the discussion of the EMPULSE trial
Authors: Lopatin Yu. M. , Arutyunov G. P. , Ametov A. S. , Ageev F. T. , Antsiferov M. B. , Barbarash O. L. , Villevalde S. V. , Vinogradova N. G. , Galstyan G. R. , Galyavich A. S. , Gilyarevsky S. R. , Glezer M. G. , Zhirov I. V. , Ilyin M. V. , Lebedeva A. Yu. , Nedogoda S. V. , Salukhov V. V. , Tarlovskaya E. I. , Tereshchenko S. N. , Fomin I. V. , Khalimov Yu. Sh. , Cherkashin D. V.
Published: April 2022

An online expert meeting held on November 17, 2021 reviewed the results of the randomized, double-blind, multinational, parallel-group EMPULSE trial, evaluating the clinical benefit and safety of the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) empagliflozin compared with placebo in patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Patients were included in the study regardless of ejection fraction (EF) and the presence of diabetes and randomized during hospitalization after stabilization. In addition, the EMPULSE trial used a composite result analyzed using a stratified benefit ratio — Win Ratio analysis. There is evidence of clinical benefit of empagliflozin in hospitalized patients with preserved and reduced LVEF, as well as in patients with newly diagnosed ADHF or with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure (CHF) compared with placebo, regardless of type 2 diabetes presence. The importance of the favorable results of the EMPULSE trial and its significance for clinical practice, which implies the early administration of empagliflozin for inpatients, is noted. A number of proposals have been adopted to accelerate the introduction of empagliflozin into clinical practice for patients with ADHF.
Nursing in hemotherapy services: considerations on public policies associated with blood and blood components
Authors: Mendes Patrícia Aparecida Tavares , Matias Daniela de Oliveira , Berlitz Maristela Moura , Aguiar Beatriz Gerbassi Costa
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: Reflect on how the evolution of legislation related to blood and blood-based products has shaped the role of nurses in hemotherapy services. Methods: A reflective study, carried out employing surveys in databases, about the evolution of the nurse’s role in hemotherapy services. Results: Several legislations, published since 1950, have encouraged blood donation and shaped the work of nurses in hemotherapy services, being the most relevant Law #10.205/2001 (Lei nº 10.205/2001), about blood collection, processing, storage, distribution, and blood transfusion; and COFEN’s resolution # 629/2020 (COFEN nº 629/2020), which addresses in detail the practice of these services. Final considerations: The evolution of legislation related to blood and blood-based products contributed to the consolidation of nurses’ attributions in hemotherapy services since it guaranteed legal support and defined the practices in these services.
Meanings attributed to changes occurring after bariatric surgery: an analysis in the light of Grounded Theory
Authors: Zulin Aline , Rêgo Anderson da Silva , Santos Fernanda Gatez Trevisan dos , Cardoso Luana Cristina Bellini , Santos José Luís Guedes dos , Salci Maria Aparecida , Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida Trindade
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the meanings attributed to the changes experienced after bariatric surgery by people with obesity. Methods: this is a study with a qualitative approach, with a theoretical framework in Symbolic Interactionism; and methodological, in the Grounded Theory. There were 12 participants who underwent bariatric surgery in two health services (bariatric surgery clinic; general hospital). Data collection took place between July and October 2020, through an intensive interview. Testimonies were recorded using an electronic device and transcribed in full. Data were coded in the MAXQDA 2020 software and analyzed considering the adopted theoretical framework. Results: two categories emerged: Rebuilding a social life; and Rediscovering self-esteem. From the articulation of these categories, the phenomenon “Re-signifying life after bariatric surgery” was constructed. Final Considerations: bariatric surgery contributed to significant changes in the daily lives of participants, and Symbolic Interactionism allowed the understanding of how participants interpreted their meanings.
Application of empathy map on educational actions carried out by nursing professionals
Authors: Corrêa Cíntia Eliane Costa , Lopes Giovana Puchalski , Silva Caroline Barbosa da , Paulin Julyhe Nunes , Oliveira Nathália Dias , Graeff Murilo dos Santos , Lima Ana Amélia Antunes , Paz Adriana Aparecida
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to apply an empathy map to assess nursing professionals’ needs, desires, frustrations and aspirations regarding educational actions. Methods: a cross-sectional study, carried out in a hospital institution with 164 nursing professionals, who responded to the empathy map, which clarified their participation in institutional educational actions, which were collected from 2019 to 2020, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: when using the empathy map, educational actions focused on routines predominated, with the sharing of knowledge; promotion of improvements in care; agreement of commitment with proposed actions; insufficient compliance; little incentive to participate; dispersed guidelines among professionals; increased labor demand; and educational activity during the working day. Conclusions: the empathy map, applied as an instrument for assessing the institutional educational process, qualified as appropriate educational actions or opportunities to improve significant learning for professional nursing education.
Accuracy of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis hypothermia in patients on hemodialysis
Authors: Damasceno Jackson Rodrigues , Cavalcante Tahissa Frota , Ferreira José Erivelton de Souza Maciel , Barbosa Eloise da Silva , Moreira Rafaella Pessoa , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Lira Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the accuracy of the defining characteristics of hypothermia in patients on hemodialysis. Methods: a diagnostic accuracy study was assembled within a cross-sectional study with 124 patients from two dialysis centers. A latent class model was used for data analysis. Results: the nursing diagnosis hypothermia was present in 13 (10.48%) study participants. The most prevalent defining characteristics were hypoxia (100%), decrease in blood glucose level (83.1%), hypertension (65.3%), piloerection (45.2%), and skin cool to touch (41.1%). The defining characteristics acrocyanosis (99.96%) and cyanotic nail beds (99.98%) had a high sensitivity. Acrocyanosis (91.8%), skin cool to touch (64.8%), and peripheral vasoconstriction (91.8%) had high specificity. Conclusion: specific and sensitive indicators of hypothermia work as good clinical indicators for confirming this diagnosis in patients on hemodialysis. The study findings can assist nurses in their clinical reasoning for a correct inference of hypothermia.
A Economia Política como uma ciência autônoma: um estudo sobre as contribuições metodológicas de John Stuart Mill
Authors: MATTOS LAURA VALLADãO DE
Published: April 2022

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é investigar possíveis inconsistências entre as posições metodológicas de J. S. Mill sobre a ciência da Economia Política e a visão histórica do homem e da sociedade que ele finalmente adotou. A análise de suas principais proposições sobre o método revela que Mill era inconsistente em manter - como ele fez - a validade universal de investigar essa ciência pelo método dedutivo. Mas dois exemplos selecionados de seus Princípios mostram que, como economista político, Mill usava procedimentos metodológicos alternativos quando a ocasião exigia, sendo mais consistente como cientista do que como filósofo da ciência.
Extraction of antioxidant and antimicrobial phytochemicals from corn stigma: a promising alternative to valorization of agricultural residues
Authors: Boeira Caroline Pagnossim , Flores Déborah Cristina Barcelos , Lucas Bruna Nichelle , Santos Daniel , Flores Erico Marlon Moraes , Reis Frederico Luiz , Morandini Liziane Maria Barassuol , Morel Ademir Farias , Rosa Claudia Severo da
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT: The discovery of new natural additives from agro-industrial waste is considered an important research topic. This study investigated the feasibility of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of antioxidant compounds from corn stigma (CS) and the effect of independent variables (time and solid-solvent ratio) and their interaction in the extraction of CS. Results indicated that the UAE method increases the antioxidant activity and reduces the extraction time by 67%. Optimized conditions for the simultaneous extraction of antioxidants and polyphenols from CS were obtained using 5 min and a solid-solvent ratio of 0.05 g mL-1. The CS extract obtained by UAE was characterized by ESI-ToF-MS and 27 phytochemicals were reported. The extract showed promising antifungal and antibacterial activities against 23 of the studied microorganisms. Therefore, the CS extract obtained by the UAE can be used as a source of bioactive and antimicrobial compounds for use as a functional ingredient in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
EFFECT OF HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY ON NERVE REGENERATION IN RATS
Authors: BARROS THIAGO FELIPE DOS SANTOS , PAULOS RENATA GREGORIO , IWASE FERNANDA DO CARMO , SANTOS GUSTAVO BISPO DOS , REZENDE MARCELO ROSA DE , MATTAR JÚNIOR RAMES
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate histological changes in peripheral nerves of rats after sciatic nerve neurorrhaphy, according to the time of exposure to hyperbaric oxygen chamber treatment. Methods: Twenty-five Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups according to the amount of exposure to hyperbaric oxygen chamber treatment. Group 1 was the control and there was no use of hyperbaric oxygen chamber; group 2 received one week of therapy; group 3, two weeks; group 4, three weeks; and group 5, four weeks. After the fourth postoperative week, the animals were submitted to euthanasia and a sciatic nerve sample sent for histological analysis. Axons proximal and distal to the neurorrhaphy were counted with axonal regeneration index measurement. Results: We observed that the number of axons distal to neurorrhaphy increases with the amount of hyperbaric oxygen chamber exposure, the results were more expressive from the third week of treatment. However, the statistical analysis found no significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: The descriptive analysis suggests benefit of using hyperbaric oxygen chamber directly proportional to the time of therapy. The study, however, did not present statistically relevant results, probably due to the reduced sample size. Subsequent studies with more significant sampling would be of great value. Level of Evidence II, Prospective Comparative Study.
Bioaccumulation of lead in different organs of Ctenopharyngodon Idella (grass fish) and Tor putitora (Mahseer) fish
Authors: Latif M. , Zahoor M. , Muhammad A. , Naz S. , Kamran A. W. , Ullah R. , Shah A. B. , Almeer R. , Sayed A.
Published: April 2022

Abstract Bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals in the human body can give rise to adverse health effects, the severity of which depends upon their dosage and duration of exposure. In this study, yearlings of two different species of edible fish, i.e., Tor putitora (Mahseer) and Ctenopharyngodon Idella (grass carp), were exposed to different concentrations of lead nitrate in a controlled environment of aquarium for three different lengths of duration (14, 28, and 60 days). The bioaccumulation of lead in different organs, including gills, skin, muscles, liver, intestine, and swim bladder of the fish, was assessed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Generally, the highest lead concentration was observed in the gills and lowest in the muscles for both species at each experimental dosage and duration. In 14-days exposure, the relative pattern of bioaccumulation in different organs was observed as gill > liver > skin > intestine > swim bladder > muscle for both fish species. Similarly, the pattern of bioaccumulation observed in 28-days exposure was as: gill > liver > intestine > skin > swim bladder > muscle in both species. Whereas, pattern in 60-days exposure was observed as gill > liver > intestine > swim bladder > muscle > skin. The data shows that grass carp had stored higher concentrations of lead than Mahseer, which may be attributed to the fact that they are omnivorous. Furthermore, the lowest bioaccumulation was recorded in the muscles until the 56th day of the exposure, after which the concentration steadily increased in the muscles. The observed pattern highlights the importance of exposure’s duration to lead; chronic exposure could result in its bioaccumulation at toxic concentrations in the muscles, which is particularly of concern because the fish muscles are heavily consumed as food worldwide.
PERFIL DE SENSIBILIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA IN VITRO DE STAPHYLOCOCCUS COAGULASE POSITIVOS ISOLADOS DE LEITE DE VACAS COM MASTITE NO AGRESTE DO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Freitas M.F.L. de , Pinheiro Júnior J.W. , Stamford T.L.M. , Rabelo S.S. de A. , Silva D.R. da , Silveira Filho V.M. da , Santos F.G.B. , Sena M.J. de , Mota R.A.
Published: April 2022

RESUMO A mastite, inflamação da glândula mamária, é uma das principais doenças da bovinocultura de leite tendo como principal agente infeccioso bactérias do gênero Staphylococcus spp. que comumente apresentam resistência aos antibióticos utilizados no tratamento da mastite. Desta forma, objetivouse com este estudo traçar o perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana de 59 cepas de estafilococos coagulase positivo, isolados de amostras de leite de vaca com mastite. Os testes de sensibilidade antimicrobiana foram realizados através da técnica de difusão com discos para 13 antibióticos, verificando-se que os mais eficazes foram a vancomicina com 100% de sensibilidade e a norfloxacina com 96%. O menos eficaz foi a penicilina com 20% de sensibilidade. Em alguns municípios estudados as cepas de estafilococos apresentaram resistência múltipla para 6 a 9 antibióticos simultaneamente. Conclui-se que a análise da sensibilidade antimicrobiana in vitro deve ser considerada pelos proprietários antes da tomada de decisões para a escolha do tratamento adequado para reduzir perdas na produção de leite e em programas de controle da doença em questão.
PRIMEIRO RELATO DE SPALANGIA DROSOPHILAE ASHMEAD, 1887 (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) EM PUPAS DE FANNIA PUSIO (WIEDEMANN, 1830) (DIPTERA: FANNIIDAE) NO BRASIL
Authors: Marchiori C.H. , Barbaresco L.F. , Ferreira M.M.
Published: April 2022

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo é relatar a primeira ocorrência do parasitóide Spalangia drosophilae Ashmead, 1887 (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) em pupas Fannia pusio (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Fanniidae). Para coleta dos insetos foi utilizado como isca fígado bovino. Obtiveram-se 265 pupas de F. pusio, das quais 4 emergiram parasitóides pertencentes à espécie S. drosophilae. A porcentagem de parasitismo foi de 1,5%.
Conservation and physiological quality of Handroanthus spongiosus (Rizzini) S. Grose (Bignoniaceae) seeds
Authors: Silva Jailton de Jesus , Alencar Sara de Souza , Gomes Raquel Araujo , Matias Janete Rodrigues , Pelacani Claudinéia Regina , Dantas Bárbara França
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Handroanthus spongiosus (Rizzini) S. Grose is an endangered tree species. However, its seed quality, storage, and conservation strategies are issues still unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of H. spongiosus seeds subjected to different storage times, packaging, and environments for their conservation. A completely randomized experimental design was used, in a double factorial arrangement with an additional treatment (recently-harvested seeds), consisted of five storage times (up to 24 months) and six storage conditions, combining packaging types (permeable and impermeable) and environments (room, cold chamber, freezer, and liquid nitrogen conditions). Seed germination percentage and normal seedling percentage, shoot length, root length, and root to shoot dry weight ratio were evaluated. The seed germination and normal seedling percentages of H. spongiosus seeds conserved under room conditions decreased over the storage time. Normal seedling percentages decreased from the 12th month of storage onwards. Low and ultralow temperatures are recommended for short and medium-term conservation of H. spongiosus seeds, since they did not affect the growth of seedlings.
Estresse no trabalho e níveis de hemoglobina glicada: o papel da escolaridade. Dados da linha de base do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil)
Authors: Santos Raíla de Souza , Griep Rosane Harter , Fonseca Maria de Jesus Mendes da , Chor Dóra , Santos Itamar Souza , Melo Enirtes Caetano Prates
Published: April 2022

Resumo Introdução: as condições estressantes do trabalho estão associadas ao aumento dos níveis glicêmicos, mas pouco se conhece sobre o papel da escolaridade neste contexto. Objetivos: analisar a associação entre o estresse psicossocial no trabalho e os níveis de hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c) e a influência da escolaridade como modificador de efeito. Métodos: estudo transversal com dados de 11.922 trabalhadores ativos da linha de base do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil). O estresse psicossocial no trabalho foi avaliado pelo modelo demanda-controle. Foram empregadas a regressão logística multinomial e interações multiplicativas. Resultados: em trabalhadoras do sexo feminino com baixa escolaridade, observou-se associação entre baixo uso de habilidades no trabalho (OR 1,56; IC95% 1,09-2,24) e HbA1c elevada. A baixa autonomia no trabalho foi relacionada à HbA1c limítrofe (OR 1,21; IC95% 1,01-1,45) e elevada (OR 1,73; IC95% 1,19-2,51). Entre trabalhadores do sexo masculino com baixa escolaridade, o trabalho de alto desgaste (OR 1,94; IC95% 1,18-3,21), o baixo uso de habilidades (OR 2,00; IC95% 1,41-2,83) e a baixa autonomia no trabalho (OR 1,58; IC95% 1,13-2,21) foram associados à HbA1c elevada. Conclusão: o estresse psicossocial no trabalho foi associado a níveis limítrofes e elevados de HbAlc para trabalhadores com baixa escolaridade de ambos os sexos. Assim, ações para modificar as relações de trabalho e prevenir doenças crônicas devem ser priorizadas.
Impactos da cadeia do etanol: subsídios para uma proposta integrada de vigilância ambiental e de saúde do trabalhador
Authors: Bühler Helena Ferraz , Hacon Sandra Souza
Published: April 2022

Resumo Objetivos: analisar os impactos positivos e negativos da cadeia produtiva do etanol em municípios do polo agroindustrial do estado de Mato Grosso como subsídio à formulação de uma proposta de vigilância integrada e participativa em Saúde e Meio Ambiente. Métodos: estudo de caso no campo da Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental desenvolvido no perímetro de abrangência de uma usina de etanol. Utilizou-se o método de Diagnóstico Rápido e Participativo com uso de dados secundários, análise documental e entrevistas. Resultados: a análise de conteúdo propiciou quatro temáticas: impactos positivos e negativos da cadeia produtiva do etanol na área de influência direta e indireta do empreendimento; riscos socioambientais em território inserido no polo agroindustrial do etanol; condições e relações de trabalho dos (ex-)trabalhadores inseridos na cadeia do agronegócio; vigilância em Saúde e Meio Ambiente para um empreendimento de médio porte em polo agroindustrial de etanol no Cerrado. Conclusão: os impactos usualmente percebidos como positivos não promoveram melhorias sociais e econômicas permanentes para os trabalhadores e a população local. Verificou-se que a vigilância ao meio ambiente e à saúde dos trabalhadores inexiste, mas a vigilância participativa contribui para o empoderamento dos atores sociais nas discussões dos direitos dos trabalhadores e para a percepção socioambiental local.
VALIDATION OF THE ROCKALL SCORE IN UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT BLEEDING IN A COLOMBIAN TERTIARY HOSPITAL
Authors: FRÍAS-ORDOÑEZ Juan Sebastián , ARJONA-GRANADOS Dayana Andrea , URREGO-DÍAZ José Augusto , BRICEÑO-TORRES Mónica , MARTÍNEZ-MARÍN Julián David
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Background Rockall score is the most widely used prognostic scale for assessing risk of complications from non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Several studies have been conducted in adult populations with non-varicose UGIB in different parts of the world, with conflicting findings regarding the extent of association between the score and some morbidity and mortality outcomes. Also, there is controversy regarding the best cut-off point for the score. Moreover, no studies validating this score in Colombia have been carried out. Objective To assess the diagnostic performance of the Rockall score in predicting rebleeding and mortality in patients with non-varicose UGIB. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted in patients requiring upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) for non-varicose bleeding. The pre-and post-endoscopy Rockall scores were calculated and outcomes, including mortality, UGIB-associated mortality and in hospital rebleeding were determined at the 1 and 3-month time points. The association between the scores and these outcomes was assessed using the chi2 or the Fisher test, whereas the discrimination ability of the score was determined using the areas under the ROC curve (AUC). High discrimination ability was considered to exist in cases in which an AUC ≤0.7 with α=0.05 could be rejected. Results Overall, 177 patients were analyzed. In-hospital outcomes at 1 and 3 months were 12%, 17% and 23% for general mortality, 6%, 12% and 15% for UGIB mortality, and 19%, 30% and 37% for rebleeding. The post-endoscopy Rockall score was associated with the three outcomes at the three time points assessed, while the pre-endoscopy score was only associated with general mortality at the three time points, and rebleeding at 1 and 3 months. Regarding discrimination ability, although the AUC was greater than expected by randomness (0.5) in all cases, only one AUC ≤0.7 was rejected in the post-endoscopy score for in-hospital UGIB mortality (AUC=0.901; 95%CI: 0.845—0.958), at 1 month (AUC=0.836; 95%CI: 0.717—0.954) and at 3 months (AUC=0.869; 95%CI: 0.771—0.967), and for rebleeding at 1 month (AUC=0.793; 95%CI: 0.725—0.861) and at 3 months (AUC=0.806; 95%CI: 0.741—0.871). Conclusion An association was found between the Rockall score and rebleeding and mortality in patients with non-varicose UGIB. Only the post-endoscopy score had a high predictive ability for rebleeding and UGIB mortality.
AGREEMENT BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL SCREENING INSTRUMENTS IN HOSPITALIZED OLDER PATIENTS
Authors: ALMENDRA Antonio Alberto Rodrigues , LEANDRO-MERHI Vânia Aparecida , AQUINO José Luis Braga de
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Background The prevalence of hospitalized elderly patients has grown substantially and has impacted the hospital health services. Thus, it is believed that an investigation of the nutritional status associated with different clinical situations in elderly patients could contribute to multidisciplinary hospital intervention and nutritional care actions suitable for this population. Objective To investigate the relationship between two nutritional screening instruments in hospitalized older patients and to compare clinical variables between these two instruments. Methods Retrospective study with hospitalized older patients (n=277), investigating the agreement between two nutritional screening instruments. The data were analyzed using the McNemar, chi-square, Fisher, Mann-Whitney tests and the kappa coefficient for the agreement assessment. Results There was a significant difference (P=0.0002) between the nutritional risk classifications of the two nutritional screening instruments and moderate agreement (k=0.5430) between them. The association between nutritional risk screening and age (P=0.0255), length of hospital stay (P<0.0001), gender (P=0.0365) and illness (P=0.0001) were assessed. There was an association between Mini Nutritional Assessment and length of stay (P<0.0001), illness (P=0.0001) and body weight evolution (P=0.0479). Conclusion The nutritional risk screening and Mini Nutritional Assessment showed moderate agreement in the assessment of elderly patients.
Flow theory and learning in the Brazilian context: a systematic literature review
Authors: Pereira Alanda Maria Ferro , Fernandes Sheyla C. S. , Bittencourt Ig Ibert , Félix Amarillys
Published: April 2022

Abstract Flow theory derives from Positive Psychology and addresses an individual’s optimal state of conscience Flow state provides the individual high concentration, relaxation, control over anxiety, and satisfaction while performing a certain task, originating from the optimal state of conscience that is experienced when achieving the proposed objective. Thus, this study aims to conduct a systematic literature review to understand how flow theory is being used in the context of education and learning in Brazil. We conducted a search for publications in the databases SciELO, Index Psi, LILACS, PePSIC, PsycINFO, BDTD, and the Capes platform. Two hundred and sixty studies were found, however, only 5 met the inclusion criteria of this study, that is, to present flow theory as the main theme, to be linked to education, and to be a study conducted in Brazil. From the selected articles, it was possible to identify that, in Brazil, flow theory is being used within music, physical education, language and computer engineering teaching. Thus, aiding the motivational process, promoting cooperation, participation and engagement of teachers and students in teaching and learning environments. Despite this, the scenario of publications in this field is still reduced.
As operações e o mando: ensaio de análise de ofícios burocráticos (Santa Catarina, 1928)
Authors: Philippi Carolina Cechella
Published: April 2022

Resumo Este artigo tematiza os expedientes burocráticos disparados pelas penalizações de duas professoras normalistas em exercício no Grupo Escolar Hercílio Luz, na cidade de Tubarão, em Santa Catarina. A partir dos fatos descritos, buscou-se problematizar as movimentações engatilhadas pelas suas suspensões para o entendimento dos jogos de influência e sociabilidade presentes nas tomadas de decisão no gerenciamento do cotidiano escolar. Para tanto, tomou-se como fonte a série de ofícios exarada por Albano Monteiro Espíndola, diretor da instituição, a Antônio Mâncio da Costa, diretor da Diretoria Geral da Instrução Pública catarinense, bem como jornais de ampla circulação que noticiaram a trajetória funcional das docentes. Interessou rastrear as operações encampadas para aplicação das penas, assim como os sujeitos políticos que elas mobilizaram com o objetivo de problematizar as tomadas de decisões e as ações no interior de uma instituição escolar específica. Para isso, foi importante mapear as trajetórias e movimentações funcionais dos sujeitos políticos envolvidos e rastrear seus lugares no interior da organização burocrática da instrução catarinense. Utilizou-se como método a operação historiográfica, tal qual proposta por Michel de Certeau, e a consideração das práticas como operações. Apresentam-se como principais resultados o inventário dos lugares acessados pelos sujeitos políticos cujas operações foram narradas e as elaborações acerca do exercício de mando nesse grupo escolar catarinense. Conclui-se este artigo com elaborações a respeito da ambivalência dos lugares de mando no gerenciamento da instrução pública e do amplo leque de esferas comunicantes presente nas hierarquias que os compõem.
Knowledge Graphs: Introduction, History and, Perspectives
Authors: Chaudhri Vinay , Baru Chaitanya , Chittar Naren , Dong Xin , Genesereth Michael , Hendler James , Kalyanpur Aditya , Lenat Douglas , Sequeda Juan , Vrandečić Denny , Wang Kuansan
Published: April 2022

Knowledge graphs (KGs) have emerged as a compelling abstraction for organizing the world's structured knowledge and for integrating information extracted from multiple data sources. They are also beginning to play a central role in representing information extracted by AI systems, and for improving the predictions of AI systems by giving them knowledge expressed in KGs as input. The goals of this article are to (a) introduce KGs and discuss important areas of application that have gained recent prominence; (b) situate KGs in the context of the prior work in AI; and (c) present a few contrasting perspectives that help in better understanding KGs in relation to related technologies.
The Third AI Summer: AAAI Robert S. Engelmore Memorial Lecture
Authors: Kautz Henry
Published: April 2022

This article summarizes the author's Robert S. Englemore Memorial Lecture presented at the Thirty-Fourth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence on February 10, 2020. It explores recurring themes in the history of AI, real and imagined dangers from AI, and the future of the field.