bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Delirium (POD) in Cancer Patients its Incidence and Risk Factors a Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Qasim Shah , Ying Li Xu- , Wei Tao , Khan Khalid , Khan Qaisar
Published: August 2022

Background: In cancer patients, surgery is an essential part of the multimodality treatment to remove solid tumors and nearly 50% of the cancer patients underwent surgery for the treatment of cancer usually experienced post-operative delirium (POD). Currently, screening for delirium in the surgical wards at many cancer hospitals in China isn’t the component of everyday clinical care. Objectives: This study aims to examine the existing situation of suspected post-operative delirium in cancer patients undergoing surgery during the first 72 hours after surgery, and to identify the risk factors associated with postoperative delirium (POD). Study Design: Prospective/observational study Place and Duration: Hunan cancer Hospital. 1st December 2019 and 31st December 2019 Methods: Chinese Cancer patients scheduled for surgery, aged 18 years or elders were prospectively observed by bedside nurses for 03 consecutive postoperative days for the presence of delirium by using Nursing delirium screening scale (Nu-DESC Chinese version). Results: Among the 319 included cancer patients, 39 (12.2%) developed suspected POD. Univariate analysis showed that cancer surgical patient with comorbidity of hypertension and chronic hepatitis, surgical specialty, duration of surgery >3 hours, post-operative use of benzodiazepine and opioids to be significantly associated with suspected POD. Binary logistic regression model showed hypertension (OR 7.857 95% CI 3.484–17.718 p=<.001), chronic hepatitis (OR 44.087 95% CI 2.517–772.3 p=0.01), and duration of surgery >3 hours (OR 2.908 95% CI 1.285–6.580 p=0.01), to be independent risk factors for occurrence of suspected POD. Conclusion: The 12.2% incidence of suspected postoperative delirium (POD) in cancer patients is significant. Recognizing of cancer patients by the nurses and clinicians who may be at risk for developing POD and addressing the modifiable risk factors are extremely essential to lower the risk of its developing. Keywords: Delirium; Postoperative delirium; Cancer; risk factors; Nu-DESC
Honey as a Medium of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy
Authors: Javaid Zainab , Rashid Usman , Saif Sarmad , Qamar Laraib , Ahmad Maaz , Rafiq Shahab , Hameed Marij , Khan Muhammad Tahir
Published: August 2022

Gingivitis is an infection caused by plaque and calculus accumulation. Gingivitis if not treated progress to periodontitis, a more advanced form of gum disease. Periodontal disease was the world's 11th most frequent disease in 2016 according to the World Health Organization. Surgical as well non- surgical periodontal therapies are carried out for periodontal disease treatment. Debridement of supra-gingival and sub-gingival calculus, along with instructions about oral health care methods are the basis of traditional non-surgical periodontal therapy (NTPS). Honey is beneficial to oral health, particularly in the cure of plaque formation, gingiva inflammation, periodontitis and odor control. Honey has antibacterial activity and is effective against both gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacteria. Honey's antibacterial and anti-inflammatory characteristics can promote the granulation tissue formation and enabling damaged cells to be regeneration. Materials And Method: This review followed the guided framework from the approach of Arksey and O'Malley for the scoping review (2005). The methodology was chosen because it has a five-stage framework. Exclusion & inclusion criteria were made and 60 articles were selected. Articles were searched from the PubMed, Google Scholar and other search engines. Results: Based on the data retrieved we concluded that honey can be used as a medium for non-surgical periodontal therapy. Honey have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties due high osmolarity, acidic nature and hydrogen peroxide as well non-peroxide components of honey and is used by many researcher for cure of periodontal disease but still there is not very strong evidence that locally given honey affects periodontal tissue healing. Despite this, all of the pockets had a good periodontal repair. Honey's efficacy in the treatment periodontal disease is still not well established and still questionable. To substantiate these findings from the literature, more research will be required.
An Evaluation of Professional Integrities in Contemporary Business Modes and Islamic Models
Authors: Hayat Amir , Ramzan Muhammad Tariq , Rabia Hafiza Sumera
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore the relevance of business ethics in the contemporary world in the light of the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and to find an enforcement mechanism for Prophetic business ethics. Current literature available on Islamic business ethics was reviewed to identify the relevance of Prophetic business ethics to modern business. In the final analysis, it is concluded that Islamic ethics are unique because they are based on the unity of Allah and accountability in the hereafter. Moreover Islamic concept of brotherhood justifies observance of ethical standards uniformly in all circumstances. Prophetic business ethics are based on the principles of lawful and un-lawful which restrict human activities to be squandered in the wrong direction. Prophetic business ethics are based on all good and the creation of an environment that is based on mutual benefit and care. The fear and love of Allah and sense of accountability in the hereafter is the real enforcement of ethics in individuals as well as in society. The findings highlighted in the article propose a collective effort to enhance ethical business activities among Muslims.
Halal Purchasing Patterns of Muslim Consumers in Linxia
Authors: Guo Maoqin , Kartika Betania , Jamaludin Aizat
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to look at the Halal purchasing patterns of Muslim consumers in Linxia, so the opportunities and the challenges in the Halal industry can be identified.   The findings show that future market demands and Halal industry-related competitive opportunities are the main motivators for China to take significant regulatory, trade, and industrial support initiatives to strengthen its status as a Halal hub. The proposal and implementation of the "One Belt and One Road" strategy make China have closer ties with Southeast Asia, West Asia, North Africa, and other regions and more frequent trade exchanges, thus bringing unprecedented development opportunities and impetus to the domestic halal industry, but it also faces many challenges and has many problems. In the new era, Chinese halal enterprises should take the northwest region as the center, the food industry as the core, firmly grasp the development opportunities in various ways, and promote the rapid development of the halal industry. The findings of this study may assist government policymakers in identifying concerns that need to be addressed in order to encourage industry participants to embrace halal practices. This research adds to the growth of information on the obstacles and benefits of halal certification adoption in China.
An Appraisal of Political and Legal Rights of Non-Muslims in Pakistan
Authors: Farooq Zahid , Khan Alam
Published: August 2022

Islamic society, which is based on justice and peace, gives all rights to each community living within its legal and juridical limits. It has been observed in seerat al-Nabi (PBUH) that, non-Muslims were given full rights to building their temples and they were also free to worship according to their religious ways and thoughts. Holy Prophet (PBUH) allowed them to perform their religious customs in their towns as they wish but within the limit of Islamic terms and conditions which were imposed in different agreements (i.e. Misaq e Madinah). In the present era, as we are living in multi-cultural and multi religions, there is much confusion about whether non-Muslims should be allowed or not for these acts. There is a great discussion between classical Islamic scholars. They think not to be allowed, although if necessary they should be bond in special terms and conditions. In a certain situation, there is a second opinion that allows Muslim statesman to give non-Muslims their religious liberty and allow them to build their temples in their areas under the need of circumstances. This article deals with both views and signifies the correct one in the light of seerat al-Nabi (PBUH) and presents various charters i.e. UNO charter.
Muhammad (ﷺ): The Emancipator of Humanity
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Zahid Zaheer
Published: August 2022

A review of the following English Edited book:

Farooq, Yasir (2022). Muhammad (ﷺ): The Emancipator of Humanity. School of Religious and Social Studies: Faisalabad, 288 pp.
Percepção ambiental dos visitantes de duas áreas do Parque Municipal Serra do Periperi
Authors: Silva Mauricio de Oliveira , Souza Alday de Oliveira , Sá-Neto Raymundo José de , Corrêa Michele Martins
Published: August 2022

As áreas verdes desenvolvem importantes serviços ecossistêmicos nos espaços urbanos. Neste sentido, o objetivo desse estudo é apontar a percepção ambiental dos visitantes da Praça da Juventude e do Poço Escuro, na Serra do Periperi, duas áreas do Parque Municipal Serra do Periperi, em Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil, a fim de indicar a utilização ideal da reserva para conservação, espaço de lazer ou ecoturismo a partir da visão da população. Os dados foram coletados com o uso de questionário estruturado, respondido por 108 visitantes. Os resultados demonstraram que os visitantes consideram as áreas desta Unidade de Conservação Municipal e seus subespaços atraentes, que o clima, os animais e plantas, como as espécies Melocactus conoideus e os Sapajus sp. são estímulos para visitação com vistas ao lazer. Ainda, os visitantes apontam ações de melhorias em segurança, mobilidade, mobília pública, pavimentação, número de obras de arte e tratamento do corpo hídrico presente no local, bem como a inclusão de estratégias de conservação ex situ. Pesquisas científicas e Educação Ambiental no local também foram consideradas importantes para melhorar a atratividade do Parque.
Cost effective preservatives free ophthalmic formulation
Authors: Namdeo Srishti , Chhipane Sonam
Published: August 2022

The present invention is directed to a method for producing an ophthalmic pharmaceutical formulation containing a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (HEC), and a beta-adrenergic antagonist for the treatment of ocular hypertension and glaucoma that is free of benzalkonium chloride and other preservatives. The current production technique is a simpler, more cost-effective method of preparing pharmaceutical ophthalmic formulations in a single tank without the usage of extra sterile-filtered tanks. For individuals with newly diagnosed glaucoma, optical therapy is usually the initial line of treatment. Preservatives are essential in all multi-dose ophthalmic drugs to maintain an antibacterial environment in the container, thus eye care professionals must be aware of the effects of preservatives on the ocular surface.
Formulation and evaluation of nitric oxide nasal spray
Authors: Chhipane Sonam
Published: August 2022

Many studies have found that anti-covid nasal sprays and gargles are more effective at preventing SARSCOV-2 infection. Antiviral qualities are seen in anti-covid nasal sprays and gargles. "Invisi Mask, Nitric oxide Nasal spray (NONS), Povidone-iodine Nasal spray (PVP-I), Taffix spray" are some of the most regularly used anti-covid nasal sprays. "Povidone-iodine gargle (PVP-I), Betadine gargle, 'Nozin,' Chlorhexidine gargle, hydrogen-peroxide gargle, dequonal, dequalinium chloride, and Benzalkonium chloride independently with antiviral and virus, Cetylpyridinium chloride, C31 G," We also found that pre-treating cells with the product prevented SARS-CoV-2 infection, regardless of viral subtype. The creation of a physical, passive barrier appears to be the major mechanism of action. In other combinations, however, the addition of wild garlic gave extra direct antiviral activities. We suggest that nasal sprays based on HPMCs could be a useful supplement to efforts for limiting the transmission of respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2.
Effectiveness of an educational program on pregnant women’s attitude about coronavirus prevention
Authors: Dakhl Noor Abdulkadhim , Kassim Wissam Jabbar
Published: August 2022

Background:  Increasing pregnant women's awareness, attitude, and practices around COVID19 is a critical component of ensuring their health and safety, attitude about COVID-19 influence pregnant women's adherence to control measures. Method: A pre-experimental design (one group pre-test – post-test design) the for period from (December 27th, 2021 to February 27th, 2022) on a non-probability (purposive) sample consisting of (40 pregnant women) who were recruited from primary health care centers in Najaf City. The study instrument includes a questionnaire that includes (45) items related to the prevention of the Coronavirus, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistical measure (t-test). Result: The study results revealed that the educational program intends to increase pregnant women's attitude of Coronavirus prevention, and that there are statistical differences in pregnant women's attitude of coronavirus prevention before and after the program, which is a good thing. Pregnant women have an acceptable level of attitude and about coronavirus protection, according to the findings, but they require training programs and sessions. Conclusion: The administered educational program positively influenced pregnant women's attitudes about prevention from Coronavirus.
To investigate the efficacy of topical application of heparin sodium, benzyle nicotinate and nifedipine paste in external thrombosed prolapsed haemorrhoids
Authors: Meher Bhanjan Kumar , Meher Sasmita , Soni Sahoo , Dhone Pravin G. , Rai Neeta
Published: August 2022

Eighty-six patient (49males, 37 females) with acute thrombosed external prolapsed haemorrhoids from January 2019 to January 2022 were treated topically with heparin sodium plus benzyl nicotinate along with 0.5% nifedipine ointment paste (t.i.d.) for 8 wk. All the patients were advised to take a high-fibre diet and assessed post-treatment at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The healing of external thrombosed haemorrhoids and any side effects were recorded. The patients were again followed up subsequently in the outpatient department for the period of 2years and contacted by phone every three months thereafter, while they were encouraged to come back if symptoms recurred. Seventy-nine of the 86 patients followed the instruction regularly and completed the 8-wk treatment course, of them 77 patients (85.2%) achieved a complete remission indicated by resolution of pain and swellings symptoms and resolution of the thrombosis of haemorrhoids. Of the remaining nine unhealed patients (14.8%), 5 opted to undergo haemorrhoidectomy and the other 4 to continue therapy for four additional weeks, resulting in healing and resolution of pain and swellings symptoms and resolution of the thrombosis of haemorrhoids.
Evaluation of aromatase as a potential biomarker and its association with CA 15-3 in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Hussein Ammar Ahmed , Baban Rayah S. , Mahdi Qahtan A.
Published: August 2022

Breast cancer has been more common among Iraqi women in recent years. Monitoring proteins in human bodily fluids for early stage detection and prognosis of breast cancer is the best way and the first step toward effective therapy, delaying metastases and lowering mortality. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the value of Aromatase as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in breast cancer patients and to analyze the associations between Aromatase and standard CA 15-3 biomarker, as well as clinicopathological parameters. This study included 60 newly diagnosed patients, 49 receiving adjuvant hormone therapy, and 50 women who had a benign breast tumour as controls. We measured the serum levels by ELISA technique of Aromatase and CA 15-3. The results showed there were a significant difference in the mean serum Aromatase level amongst study groups (p < 0.001), and showed significant positive correlation with serum CA 15-3 in newly diagnosed group and treated group, (P < 0.001) and (p = 0.041), respectively. It also showed there were no significant correlations of serum Aromatase and CA 15-3 with menopause status, age, BMI, tumor size, node status, grade, tumor type, ER, PR and Her2.
Assessment of right ventricular function by 2D transthoracic echocardiography in COVID-19 hospitalized patient in correlation with CT pulmonary angiographic findings
Authors: Omar Yasser Abd Aljalil , Abdo Ahmed Ali Faheem , Elsisi Ahmed Yassien , Edress Ahmed Hameed
Published: August 2022

Background:. The Egyptian protocol in COVID-19 patients includes doing a non- contrast CT chest for patients with suspicious respiratory symptoms. However, many patients with worsened symptoms especially during the second week of disease showed symptoms of thrombotic events of pulmonary arteries, and that is why CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) became recommended by multiple reports. Aim of the Work: Evaluation of RV Function by Echocardiography in COVID-19 hospitalized patients in correlation with CT pulmonary angiographic findings. Patients and Methods: This study is a prospective study which included 100 consecutive adult patients (≥18 years of age). Results: Our study showed that there was non statistically significant difference found between two groups regarding Basal right ventricular diameter , FAC , PASP ,TAPSE (except for sever pulmonary embolism ) Conclusion: Our study revealed the variable presentation of COVID-19 as a cause of pulmonary embolism. And no statistically significant difference found between pulmonary embolism group and no pulmonary embolism group regarding right ventricular dysfunction .
Consent, Estraga Feto & Decision-Making Agency in Timor-Leste.
Authors: Cummins Deborah
Published: August 2022

Sexual violence is a serious problem in Timor-Leste. Drawing on the stories of women survivors of sexual violence and other interviews conducted across TimorLeste since 2008, this paper explores common local understandings of sexual violence as key to enhancing preventative and legal strategies aimed to address this problem. While there are still many questions to be answered, fieldwork indicates that the concept of consent in sexual decision-making is poorly understood, with most community members understanding sexual violence in relation to the locally-used term estraga feto. However, this is misleading as the concept of estraga feto comes from a different paradigm, driven by ideas of family honour which are dependent on unwed women and girls retaining their virginity – and accompanying ideas of ‘lost value’ for women and girls who lose their virginity outside marriage. To challenge the further abuses and victim-blaming that can arise because of this paradigm, such as women and girls being married off to their rapists, subject to further sexual abuse or violence, and/or left with limited future prospects, it would be more useful long-term to educate community members on the concept of consent as a veto in sexual decision-making, and in doing so to refocus the conversation to people’s individual rights under the law.
El diseño de proyectos de desarrollo comunitario para favorecer la inclusión educativa en el nivel universitario
Authors: Jalil Vélez Nadya Judafeet , Zambrano Somoza Johanna María , Mawyin Cevallos Francisco Antonio , Naranjo Flores Christian Alberto , Alcívar Molina Silvio Alejandro
Published: August 2022

El diseño de proyectos de desarrollo comunitario orientados a la comunidad universitaria, se corresponde con la necesidad de fortalecer los vínculos entre los sujetos que componen esta comunidad. Se planteó como objetivo del estudio identificar los presupuestos teóricos que permitan el diseño de proyectos de desarrollo comunitario para favorecer la inclusión de estudiantes con discapacidad. La investigación clasificó como descriptiva con carácter teórico y documental. Se corrobora la necesidad de incluir estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales dentro del diseño de proyectos orientados al desarrollo de la comunidad y sus miembros.
Pandemic Preparedness Strategies with an Eye on Displaced Populations in Yemen: Efforts and Challenges on Hand
Authors: Viola Miranda Adriana , Mohan Anmol , dos Santos Costa Ana Carla , Fatima Hussaini Maheen , Adnan Alishba , Dapke Kartik , Phadke Rachana , Bassey Esther , Ahmad Shahzaib , Yasir Essar Mohammad , Ahmad Shoaib , Tsagkaris Christos , Tunde Aborode Abdullahi , Talib Hashim Hashim
Published: August 2022

This article aims to comment on pandemic preparedness strategies, especially for refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Yemen, and the obstacles that may hinder their success. Yemen is currently undergoing the largest humanitarian crisis worldwide, with 283,000 refugees from the Middle East and Africa, and 3.6 million internally displaced inhabitants. Basic needs including food, water and shelter have been compromised, in the setting of political unrest and financial instability. The effects of healthcare discrimination and inadequate healthcare facilities have intensified in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic, where healthcare resources are of the utmost significance. This amounts to a wake-up call for concerned international bodies and charitable organizations to intensify their efforts in view of the rising infection rate. Since March 2020, numerous endeavors have been made by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and partners, such as the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the Yemen Red Crescent Society (YRCS), with the objective of mitigating the situation in Yemen. Improving relationships between Yemeni citizens and migrants, and strengthening collaboration with foreign governments may help secure the health and wellbeing of the displaced population amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Anti-Vaxxers, Wealth, and Individualism: How Self-Perception May Explain the Immunization Divide
Authors: Krishnan Amrita
Published: August 2022

The proliferation of health misinformation on social media has amplified the voice of the vaccine refusal movement. While popular explanations recognize distrust of institutions and social media as drivers of vaccine skepticism, such refusal exemplifies a wealth gradient that these theories do not resolve: educated, high-income households are more likely to refuse vaccination. This distribution suggests that deeper underlying factors may influence one’s susceptibility to misinformation. Cultural psychology offers one explanation that may reconcile these theories with the wealth gradient: individuals define themselves in part through their communities, but the extent to which they do yields insight into their risk-perception and social decision-making. This concept of the self has been understood through a spectrum with individualists on one extreme and collectivists at the other, with individualists forming an identity that is distinct from their relationships and collectivists identifying with their relationships. Wealth may influence where one falls on the individualist-collectivist spectrum, thereby shaping both how one prioritizes public health with regards to personal freedom and how one evaluates new information that goes against commonly-held beliefs. Vaccination, with its public health repercussions, lends an opportunity to examine how people make decisions with regard to their communities, and how wealth shapes those decisions. This is relevant to future public health crusades: ultimately, any attempt to combat vaccine skepticism must begin with an examination of the factors that make individuals susceptible to misinformation.
Preparing for Consecutive Climate Events
Authors: Enenkel Markus , Bollettino Vincenzo , Vinck Patrick
Published: August 2022

The next generation of disaster financial instruments seeks to provide social protection mechanisms for the world’s most vulnerable populations and help avoid public health emergencies. Anticipatory action is designed to mobilize resources in risk-prone areas when there is a forecast for extreme weather events. In the case of drought risk, for instance, weather-index insurance can trigger payouts based on satellite-based monitoring of environmental variables and pre-agreed thresholds to speed up the availability of funds to prepare for and mitigate disasters. Such insurance models are usually designed to cover the ‘statistical tails’ of weather and climate - the most extreme events. However, there are cases where consecutive moderate to severe drought events result in socioeconomic impacts that are comparable or more severe than the impact of an isolated extreme event. Covering these consecutive events reveals unique challenges and data gaps, particularly because there is currently no socio-economic baseline that matches the granularity of available climate hazard datasets. We argue that longitudinal data collection exercises that are complementary to state-of-the-art vulnerability or food security surveys would enable researchers and index designers to explore new opportunities. A better understanding of pre-existing vulnerabilities would help to better translate non-extreme hazard information into impact estimates and predict critical socioeconomic developments more reliably. It would also support the evaluation and improvement of anticipatory financing strategies via feedback loops at household level.
Climate Change and Neglected Tropical Diseases: The Case in Sudan
Authors: Osman Elmahi​ Osman Kamal , Abuelgasim Mohammed Yagoub Fatima Elbasri , Hassan Mohammed Hassan Khalafallah , Yasir Essar Mohammed , Ahmad Shoaib
Published: August 2022

Climate change has demonstrated a threatening impact on the fight against neglected tropical diseases in Sudan, with temperatures projected to increase by 1.5-3.1 degrees. Resultant effects are increased exposure to vector-borne diseases including onchocerciasis, leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis. Strengthened surveillance systems, increased effort of vaccine developments and multisectoral initiatives are therefore considered to be mandatory to achieve the elimination of neglected tropical diseases.
Part II: Vaccine Hesitancy and Misinformation
Authors: Tejan Mariama
Published: August 2022

As noted in Misinformation in Public Health Emergencies, health misinformation has far reaching and potentially damaging impacts on behavior. One example of a behavior change based on misinformation is vaccine hesitancy, a movement whose concerns been largely scientifically discredited but continue to spread through online communities. Misinformation and vaccine hesitancy are issues that the global community, both in the public and private sector are struggling to address.
Part III: Case Study: COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Cameron County, Texas
Authors: Tejan Mariama
Published: August 2022

As noted in Vaccine Hesitancy, Misinformation, and COVID-19, health misinformation can lead to damaging behaviors in emergency settings such as vaccine hesitancy. One U.S. community, however, appears to be at least marginally protected from the behavior changes associated with health misinformation: Cameron County, Texas. Cameron County has been an epicenter in the U.S. for public health emergencies such as H1N1, Zika virus, and now COVID-19. Despite this, the county continues to be largely responsive to public health interventions and has been minimally impacted by misinformation in public health emergencies. Further research is needed to understand why and how Cameron County has been largely unaffected by health misinformation.
Part I: Misinformation in Public Health Emergencies
Authors: Tejan Mariama
Published: August 2022

Health misinformationis a health-related claim of fact that is currently false due to lack of scientific evidence. Misinformation frequently impacts health behaviors, particularly during Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEICs). With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, misinformation will continue to impact adherence to public health measures such as mask wearing and vaccine hesitancy.
Foliar morphology and venation pattern in different Mulberry (Morus spp.)
Authors: Tikader A. , Dandin S.
Published: August 2022

The morphological features are the basis of taxonomic identification of Mulberry species. The leaf morphology and venation pattern have been described in 4 Indian Mulberry species i.e., M. indica, M. alba, M. laevigata and M. serrata of the family Moraceae. The median strand joined and formed the mid rib, which extends into secondary in the opposite of both sides of lamina. The veins turned into a dense reticulum. The overall venation is reticulate with marked diversity in the mode of ramification. The development of areole showed variation in different species. The leaf size of Morus species varied and a wide range i.e., M. indica (120.00–234.00 cm²), M. alba (168.00–253.00 cm²), M. laevigata (204.00–480.00 cm²) and M. serrata (168.00–272.00 cm²). Number of strands ending into petiole is more or less similar in all species, which ranges from 3–5 but the venation pattern is thick in case of M. laevigata and M. serrata. The areole number/mm² varies from 1.54–5.20 and areole size from 0.18–0.65/mm² in different species. The areole number is higher in M. laevigata and M. serrata and lower in M. indica and M. alba. The leaf morphological characters, the foliar venation pattern, areole formation, number of veins ending into petiole and veins/areole are the important features for identification of different Morus species at the vegetative stage. The minor venation, which ramifies into lamina also indicates the leaf quality i.e., palatability to silkworm.
Importância dos Conselhos Consultivos Nacionais de Bioética em tempos de Covid-19: realidade e perspectivas de Angola
Authors: Francisco António Hélder Manuel , Cornelli Gabriela
Published: August 2022

A Covid-19 trouxe ao mundo uma nova dinâmica de vida, obrigando que os Conselhos Consultivos Nacionais de Bioética de muitos países, principalmente os africanos (Togo, Argélia) e alguns europeus (França e Portugal), se reinventassem para se adequarem ao contexto. Dentro da sua linha de actuação os conselhos apenas opinam, sugerem, analisam e recomendam algumas medidas que poderiam ser tomadas diante de conflitos morais. O objectivo deste trabalho é apresentar o papel dos Conselhos Consultivos Nacionais de Bioética no enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid-19. O texto sustenta-se metodologicamente em um estudo documental e bibliográfico com abordagem qualitativa e de carácter exploratório. Nos resultados, foram encontradas informações sobre Conselhos Consultivo Nacionais de Bioética em África, bem como outros denominados por Comité Nacional de Bioética. Entretanto, constatou-se que de algum modo eles ajudam na manutenção dos conhecimentos sobre como lidar com a Covid-19, embora em alguns países africanos seja inexpressivo. É essencial ressaltar que um Conselho Consultivo Nacional de Bioética tem missão diferente de um Comité de Ética em Pesquisa, uma vez que o Conselho vela por questões de maior magnitude, como projectos que serão convertidos em políticas de Estado. Por fim, vale ressaltar que no caso africano, existe uma ausência de órgãos governamentais atinentes à bioética. E é de suma importância para os países africanos a implementação de órgão dessa dimensão (Conselho Nacional de Bioética) para permitir o diálogo de temas de bioética de complexa resolução como é o caso da Covid-19. Palavras-chave: Bioética; Conselho consultivo Nacional de Bioética; Covid-19
Analysis of the Russia-Ukraine War’s Consequences on Sustainable Livelihoods of Refugees in Africa
Authors: Mwansa Rodgers
Published: August 2022

The Russia-Ukraine War will leave behind unprecedented scars among the primary conflicting parties and the international community. One of such scars is already being felt – a surge of refugee influx into neighbouring countries with mounting humanitarian needs. As the world continue recovering from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the war will make the recovery process more complicated. While geopolitical relations are threatened, the global economy is also affected – prices of commodities have gone high. The livelihood is endangered and many other services such as education and healthcare have been heavily impacted. Many countries are realigning their financial policies to meet economic uncertainties. Support for the most vulnerable that includes refugees is likely to be threatened. Amidist these challenges, refugees, particularly those in low-income countries, Africa inclusive, are left in peril. With that in mind, this paper aimed at analysing the relational consequence of the Russia-Ukraine war on sustainable livelihoods of refugees in Africa. Secondary qualitative data was obtained through the exploration of relevant literature, reports, articles, and news. While imploring “social solidary theory” of Émile Durkhein (1858-1917) and the African Solidarity perspective of “ubuntu”, the paper argues for a “re-envisioned collaboration” among African states in the context of global crises vis-à-vis the plight of refugees in Africa.
K-3 Teachers’ Competencies Addressing Learners’ Literacy and Numeracy Gaps in the Global South
Authors: D Villamor Harvie , P Arante Clark Dave
Published: August 2022

Patterned after the Learning and Development Needs Assessment, this sequential explanatory design mixed method research was conducted to identify the competency gaps or priority learning needs and compelling reasons of the K-3 public school teachers in Eastern Visayas. The approach of this study was group needs assessment using functional competency models. A total of 6,428 K-3 teachers responded to this study. Results demonstrated that crafting action research that focuses on literacy and numeracy was highly prioritized learning need. Others were on recommending learners with difficulty in reading to be enrolled in special reading program, encouraging students to learn Math using technology, and performing interventions for learners who have difficulty in reading and at risk of dropping out. Further, it also found out that the compelling reasons of having such priority learning needs were insufficient knowledge in performing tasks, lack of resources, school-related activities as hindrance, and lack of parental support. This suggests that a Learning and Development Planning be conducted in order to identify interventions and their implementation requirements to address identified priority learning needs of K-3 teachers with regards to competencies on literacy and numeracy.
Ecological aspects of the nesting life of the black-necked grebe (Podiceps nigricollis C.L. Brehm) in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals
Authors: Lamekhov Yuri Gennadievich
Published: August 2022

The black-necked grebe (Podiceps nigricollis C.L. Brehm) is a nesting, migratory bird species, the number of which in the Southern Urals reaches 12 thousand individuals. From an ecological point of view, the named bird species belongs to aquatic birds and prefers aquatic and semiaquatic habitats. Being a waterfowl, the black-necked grebe has a complex of diving adaptations and is characterized as a specialized waterfowl. The literature analysis has proved that the knowledge of the ecological aspects of the nesting life of the black-necked grebe is insufficient. The nesting period of the annual life cycle was studied on the Kurlady and Smolino lakes located in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals. The average date of birds arrival at the nesting area according to 19882013 data is 19 April. The choice of breeding site leads to the fact that black-necked grebes form colonies in stagnant water bodies or with a slow flow of water. The water is fresh or brackish, with a certain pattern of overgrowth of vegetation and depth in the area where the nests are located. The presence of nests of black-headed gulls (Larus ridibundus L.) plays a special role in choosing a place to build a nest. Black-necked grebes and black-headed gulls form polyspecific colonial settlements. The laying of the first egg is carried out by the black-necked grebe in an unfinished nest, floating on the water and having a flat shape. At the stage of the appearance of the first egg in the nest, the elimination of eggs occurs, which can reach 44,1% (the biological center of the colony, 1989). On the periphery of the colonial settlement, the percentage of dead clutches is significantly higher, which can be caused by unfavorable biotic and abiotic relationships. Nests of black-necked grebes are completed from the moment the first egg is laid until the laying is completed. At a statistically significant level, the diameter of the nest and tray, the height of the nest, and the depth of the tray increase. The nest with completed masonry has a truncated-conical shape with a cup-shaped tray. According to long-term observations, the average value of the completed clutch is 3,8 eggs per nest. The reproduction in the composition of a polyspecific colony is accompanied by the establishment of biocoenotic relationships. The manifestation of topical, phoric and factory relationships, which can lead to individual and group elimination, has been established.
Ceramics from the dwellings at the Neolithic site Kairshak III in the northern Caspian Region
Authors: Vybornov Aleksandr Alekseevich , Vasilyeva Irina Nikolaevna , Laktaeva Eleonora Mikhailovna , Frolov Igor Konstantinovich
Published: August 2022

The paper presents the results of ceramic inventory study at Kairshak III site in the northern Caspian region. The relevance of the research is defined by the role of the Neolithic of this region in the adjacent territories cultures. The pottery of the Kairshak type is one of the oldest in Eastern Europe. The analysis was carried out separately for each dwelling. The distribution of vessels across the cultural layers was compared. Its corollas and walls of different shapes were typologically identified. Special attention was paid to fragments of ceramics without ornament. Its features in various constructions were revealed. Ornament application techniques and their correlation were characterized. Ornamental compositions on different vessels in each object were compared. Its peculiar features were found. The reasons for the differences were interpreted. The presence of a time later than the main materials in the upper levels of the vessels was established. Technical and technological analysis of vessels from dwellings was carried out, and their features were revealed. According to radiocarbon dates, the chronological period of the functioning of each dwelling was determined. The absolute chronology of the human inhabitation on this monument was corrected. A different time of existence of the population in various complexes on this monument was confirmed. This makes it possible to reconstruct the appearance, development and final period of operation of Kairshak III site.
Confessional identity and modern religious practices of the Chuvash
Authors: Iagafova Ekaterina Andreevna
Published: August 2022

The paper discusses the conformity of the declared confessional identity of the Orthodox and unbaptized Chuvash with actual religious practices common for both groups. The paper reveals features of ritual practices, shows their role in the formation of the confessional identity of the group and its members. In accordance with the tasks, specific ritual practices that exist in various confessional environments are analyzed, the state of religiosity of individual local groups of the Orthodox and unbaptized Chuvash is characterized. The research is based on the authors field materials collected in rural settlements of the Samara Region, the Republics of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan and the Chuvash Republic in 20202021. The results of the study showed that the religious practices of both groups do not fully correspond to the declared religious identity. In the practices of the Orthodox Chuvash, a significant layer of views, prescriptions and behavioral practices dating back to the traditional religion is preserved, while the unbaptized Chuvash have Christian elements that have penetrated in the course of interaction with the Orthodox environment, which makes it possible to determine the religiosity of these groups, in some cases, as syncretism, in others as dual faith. Differences in confessional identity with current religious practices are due to the partial blurring of confessional borders as a result of religious conversion, transformation of ritual practices, and perception by communities of both religious systems as a common ethno-cultural heritage.
Museums of death as a modern trend
Authors: Danilko Elena Sergeevna
Published: August 2022

The paper analyzes Museums of death, which in recent decades have appeared in many countries of the world, including Russia. The popularity of museums that bring death out of the private and into the public sphere, removing the social taboos associated with it, testifies to a shift in public consciousness that is taking place before our eyes, which will require anthropologists to pay closer attention. Turning to their experience, on the one hand, is interesting as another attempt to answer the question why does the topic of death look both frightening and attractive at the same time? On the other hand, it will allow us to analyze the possibilities of museification of the idea of death, taking into account its social taboo. In this paper methods of digital ethnography were used, the sources were materials from the Internet official websites of institutions, their pages on social networks, reviews of visitors on various platforms. Materials of the authors observations and field studies in Russian museums, primarily in the Novosibirsk Museum of World Funeral Culture, were also partially involved. This paper also considers stages of international museum community formation associated with the presentation of the theme of death in public space, museum practices and development strategies, as well as the problems of exploiting the theme of death in the entertainment industry.
The potential of a personal educational environment in the development of information and communication competence of a university teacher
Authors: Garaeva Ekaterina Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2022

In modern conditions, significant changes are taking place in the functional components of the university teachers activity, due to the influence of many factors of the transforming digital educational reality. The paper actualizes the problem of detailed study at the theoretical and practical level of the process of developing information and communication competence of a teacher, as a personal quality manifested in the willingness and ability to work with information, the main types of software and hardware and to carry out productive interaction in the digital educational space, due to the capabilities and resources of personal educational environment. The author of the paper defines the possibilities (filling with various structural components depending on the goals, objectives, content of activities and planned results; adaptation to the abilities, needs, interests of the teacher; providing conditions for achieving the necessary level of personal self-organization of the individual; creating a space for effective online communication; integration of formal education and education outside the formal system; implementation of individual models of pedagogical activity) and resources (functional technical and software tools: gadgets, services, programs, platforms, as well as their interrelations; electronic information and educational resources used to solve educational and professional-pedagogical tasks, as well as contributing to effective personal and professional development) of the personal educational environment in the development of information and communication competence of a university teacher.
Media Literacy and Women Empowerment: An Evidence from India
Authors: Padmaja Tamuli  , Kaushik Mishra
Published: August 2022

In the present times the role of media and its impact on holistic development of the society is a topic of scholastic and as well as political discussions across the globe. The power of media to empower the underprivileged, especially the women is a topic that attracts lot of public discourse. Previous studies have proved that for any society to develop and prosper, its women are to be developed first and development is the outcome of empowerment. The ability to develop self-control, independence, and confidence in the face of a patriarchal culture is women empowerment and studies claim that having access to information is one of the major factors of empowerment. And the ability to access, understand, evaluate, and disseminate messages in a variety of forms is referred to as media literacy.

This study is aimed at understanding the relationship between media literacy and women empowerment in the context of India. The study highlights the scope and challenges of Indian media and its treatment towards women related issues in India. Further, an attempt has been made to identify the disconnect between the various facets of Indian society which has widened due to the media's distorting of reality with special reference to women.
The Role Of Technology In Era 5.0 In The Development Of Arabic Language In The World Of Education
Authors: Keshav Masahiko , Julien Laura , Miezel Jessica
Published: August 2022

Along with the development of the times, the world is currently entering the 5.0 era, which means that all must be prepared for technology in this era, including the Indonesian education system. And this research focuses on the role of technology in era 5.0 on the development of the Arabic language in education. The type of research conducted is library research which is processed qualitatively. The primary data sources in this research are international journals. The secondary data sources in this study were books and national journals related to technology in the 5.0 era and those related to learning Arabic. The results of this study explain how important the role of technology in era 5.0 in learning Arabic is because Arabic is often categorized as a lesson that is considered difficult to understand, and in the learning process, it is often considered boring because of the rigidity of the Arabic learning process with technology that follows developments. The times will make it easier for educators and students and will also attract students' interest in carrying out the learning process, especially in learning Arabic.
LA PERCEPCIÓN SOCIAL Y EL ESTEREOTIPO DE LAS NACIONALIDADES Y PUEBLOS INDIGENAS Y SU INFLUENCIA EN ECUADOR.
Authors: Pazmiño Linzán Jhony Fabián , Echeverría Ruiz Carmita del Rocío , Avilés Mena Sylvia Alexandra
Published: August 2022

En esta investigación social vamos hablar sobre el nivel interpersonal: La percepción socialy el estereotipo de las nacionalidades y pueblos indígenas y como es su influencia en elEcuador y su relación con la naturaleza y la sociedad. Los estudios realizados mostraron quese discrimina y se estereotipa al personaje indígena (Runa), colocándolo en una posicióninferior y que generalmente se encuentran al servicio de otros, los resultados también nosllevan a determinar que se los presenta con características físicas muy marcadas, creando unadiferencia notable a comparación con los demás, pero a la vez poseen una caracterizaciónneutral que no brinda una distinción clara entre las numerosas etnias ancestrales. Durantemucho tiempo se ha tratado de conseguir una transformación social en permanenteconstrucción y renovación, que permitan reconocer un estado plurinacional y contemplar lavisión indígena sobre la naturaleza, sin embargo, algunos esfuerzos se han materializadodejando muchas cosas pendientes por realizar a fin de lograr la inserción total de los indígenasen nuestra sociedad. Adicionalmente en los últimos años su intervención en decisionespolíticas y económicas han sido tan trascendentales en Ecuador