bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Just In Time Di Proses Produksi Dalam Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Komponen Otomotif Pada PT Chuhatsu Indonesia
Authors: Anwar Chairul , Nurhidayat Asep Endih
Published: October 2020

PT Chuhatsu Indonesia adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang bergerak dibidang komponen otomotif, salah satu produknya adalah coil spring untuk jenis mobil toyota. Permasalahan yang terjadi di perusahaan ini adanya sisa bahan baku yang tidak terpakai dalam pembuatan produk sehingga menimbulkan biaya simpan digudang. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui jumlah pengiriman optimal setiap kali pesan, kuantitas pengiriman optimal, kuantitas pesanan, frekuensi pembelian bahan baku pertahun, mengetahui total biaya persediaan dan biaya penghematan dengan sistem just in time. Dari perhitungan kebijakan perusahaan masih belum maksimal dan belum efisien untuk biaya persediaan. Adapun bahan baku untuk pemakaian periode tahun 2016 sebanyak 163.379 kg, 2017 sebanyak 165.643 kg dan 2018 sebanyak 164.620 kg. Biaya persediaan yang terdiri dari biaya pemesanan dan penyimpanan menurut perhitungan perusahaan tahun 2016 Rp 18.342.670,50, 2017 Rp 19.744.301,52, dan 2018 Rp 21.094.967,25. Dalam perhitungan sistem just in time periode tahun 2016 Rp 6.767.451,60, 2017 Rp 7.149.413,74, dan 2018 Rp 8.606.915,82. Maka penghematan yang didapat perusahaan dalam biaya persediaan dengan sistem just in time tahun 2016 Rp 11.575.218,9, 2017 Rp 12.594.887,78, dan 2018 Rp 12.488.051,43.
Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) Pada Mesin Tandem 03 Di PT. Supernova Flexible Packaging
Authors: Rifaldi Muhammad Rizki
Published: October 2020

Berdasarkan latar belakang yang telah dikemukakan maka didapat permasalahan sebagai berikut yaitu bahan yang digunakan untuk merekatkan material (resin) tidak merata sesuai lebar material sehingga mesin harus dimatikan untuk perbaikan (maintenance), hasil pada proses mesin tersebut tidak terlalu merekat sesuai yang diharapkan (bonding), material yang dihasilkan dari proses sebelumnya terlalu lebar atau tidak sesuai ukuran yang ditentukan (circum) dan material yang digunakan untuk melapisi hasil proses keriput. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya nilai OEE pada Mesin Tandem 03, untuk mengidentifikasi analisa six big losses yang terjadi pada Mesin tandem 03, untuk memberikan usulan atau rekomendasi upaya perawatan pada Mesin Tandem 03. Dari periode penelitian yang dilakukan (Juli 2018 s/d Juni 2019) didapatkan rata-rata nilai Availbility 88.49%, nilai Performance 81.47%, dan nilai Quality 99.76%. Dan rata - rata nilai OEE yang diperoleh masih dibawah standar yaitu 71.66%. Dari hasil analisa Six Big Losses pada pengolahan data tersebut yaitu masalah â€“ masalah yang mempengaruhi nilai OEE ialah seperti berikut : Belum ada Jadwal Preventive Maintenance (PM) Filter Adapter, Stok material kosong, Belum ada Metode perhitungan waktu ganti anilox yang efisien, Belum dibuat jadwal training/diajukan, Airshaft kurang maksimal, Keterlambatan supply material/bahan, Mesin sering idle dan Operator sering menggangur. Rencana usulan perbaikan untuk meningkatkan OEE yaitu sebagai berikut yaitu melakukan analisa kapan waktu yang tepat untuk PM (Preventive Maintenance) & membuat jadwal PM,dengan melakukan pengawasan dan mencari alternative lain saat stok material kosong, menyetel ulang jadwal pergantian anilox dan dibuat ukuran waktu standart yang tepat untuk penyelesaiannya, mengajukan surat permohonan permintaan training kepada pihak HRD & GA, melakukan perawatan secara berkala dan untuk operator agar lebih berhati hati saat menggunakannya, dengan melakukan Preventive Maintenance (PM) pada mesin blowing, mengatur ulang jadwal produksi agar mesin terus berproduksi, melakukan cleaning area mesin agar lebih terlihat bersih.
Gifted Rural Learners: Exploring Power, Place, and Privilege with a Focus on Promising Practices
Authors: Novak Angela M.
Published: October 2020

This special issue of Theory & Practice in Rural Education highlights gifted rural learners; the call sought papers on the concepts of power, place, privilege, or promising practices in the field of gifted rurality. This introductory article provides a brief synopsis of each of the seven peer reviewed articles and an analysis of three principal themes that emerged from the articles: equity, identity, and a sense of place. Additionally, three questions regarding gifted rurality are explored: How does gifted education view equity in the context of rurality? How does intersectionality impact gifted students? How does (or should) gifted education as a field adjust in order to recognize the strengths and assets of our gifted rural students?
Hubungan Dukungan Spiritual Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Lansia
Authors: Sibuea Riyanti Vianica
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

Elderly  is the final stage in human life. In this phase, you will experience physically,mentally, socially, and spiritually health problems that affected the quality of life of the elderly. Problems often faced by the elderly are loneliness and anxiety facing death. This problems requires spiritual support. Spiritual support can help the elderly reduce stress and anxiety. If spirituality is fulfilled, the quality of life will increase. This studywas to determine the relationship between spiritual support and the quality of life elderly. The design of this study was descriptive correlation method, with the respondent 30 elderly , aged 60 years or more and analyzed using Spearman-rho. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. SpNQ (Spiritual Needs Questionnaire) used to measued spiritual support and WHOQOL_BREF (WHO Quality of Life) to measured quality of life. The results showed a relationship between spiritual support and the quality of life of the elderly. With a significant value at the 0.01 level. Research suggestion that a community with many elderly people in it pay attention to their spiritual needs in order to improve the quality of life and live a more prosperous life.

Keywords : Spiritual support, Quality of life, Elderly
Sosyal Medya Kullanımının Bilgisayarlı Muhasebe Dersi Başarısı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: AKIN Osman , ONAT Osman Kürşat
Published: October 2020

İnternet bireylerin daha sosyal olmaları konusunda dijital bir mecra sunmaktadır. Bireylerin günlük yaşayışları içerisinde akıllı cihazların kullanımı ve sosyal medya uygulamaları büyük bir oran kapsamaktadır. Bu durum bireylerin bilişim teknolojileri konusundaki farkındalıklarını da arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sosyal medya uygulamalarının kullanılmasının öğrencilerin bilgisayarlı muhasebe derslerindeki başarıları üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmış ve sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir.
Implementation and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in Medical ICU in Cairo University Specialized Pediatric Hospital
Authors: Wassef Mona Abdel Aziz , Sayed Amal Mohamed , Aziz Heba Sherif Abdel , Meligy Bassant , Halim Mona Mohiedden Abdel
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: High antibiotics use in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) results in antibiotic resistance, the unfavorable clinical outcome of patients, increase the length of hospital stay, and drug expenditure.
AIM: This study aimed at setting clinical guidelines customized according to local diseases epidemiology and local cumulative antimicrobial susceptibility, implementing, and evaluating the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) effect in; optimizing antibiotics use, decreasing antibiotics expenditure, decreasing the length of therapy and stay in hospitals, and improving patients’ clinical outcomes.
METHODS: A prospective study was conducted at a PICU of the Specialized Pediatric Hospital, Cairo University. Facility-specific guidelines were set, and the ASP was implemented and evaluated through the following indicators; adherence of physicians to the guidelines, ASP recommendations and acceptance of them, the rate of mortality, length of stay, drug costs, antibiotics days of therapy, and length of therapy.
RESULTS: The adherence to the ASP guidelines was positively correlated to the patient’s clinical outcome (p = 0.018). In post ASP period, the average length of stay and the length of therapy significantly decreased (p = 0.047, p = 0.001, respectively), the rate of adherence to the ASP guidelines was (91.9%), the days of therapy of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and amikacin decreased significantly (p = 0.041, p = 0.026, p = 0.004, respectively). The most common ASP recommendation was drug schedule/frequency change (26.1%) followed by drug discontinuation (17.8%) and the most common antibiotic required intervention was ampicillin-sulbactam (21.6%).
CONCLUSION: The antimicrobial stewardship is very effective in optimizing antibiotics use and leads to favorable outcomes in terms of decreased length of therapy, hospital stay, and mortality rate of the patients.
Hormone Imbalance in Women with Infertility Caused by Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Is There a Connection with Body Mass Index?
Authors: Khmil Mariya , Khmil Stephan , Marushchak Mariya
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: The most common cause of female infertility is ovulation disorders, and the most common non-ovulatory cause is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
AIM: The aim of the study was to define the reproductive hormone levels in women with infertility due to PCOS, depending on the body mass index (BMI).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The present study involved 100 women aged 25–39 years with infertility due to PCOS (PCOS group) and 30 women of the same age with infertility due to tubal-peritoneal causes (control group). Infertility due to PCOS was diagnosed according to the Rotterdam criteria. Hormone levels (anti-Müllerian [AMH], follicle-stimulating [FSH], luteinizing [LH], prolactin, estradiol, and testosterone) in blood serum were determined by ELISA.
RESULTS: We detected a correlation between BMI and sex hormone levels as well as LH/FSH ratio. Notably, the ratio of LH/FSH in women with PCOS was significantly different compared to the control group, while at the same time, PCOS was significantly more frequent in overweight and obese patients compared to those with normal BMI. For instance, the LH/FSH ratio was 30.35% higher in women with Class 2 obesity than in the group of women with normal weight. However, in women with both PCOS and Class 3 obesity, the LH/FSH ratio was the lowest among those with a BMI of 25.0-39.9.
CONCLUSIONS: We found a hormonal imbalance in women with infertility caused by PCOS: Increased levels of AMH and LH, estradiol, and testosterone and decreased FSH levels. Analysis of the relationship between the concentration of reproductive hormones and BMI showed a weak inverse relationship between BMI with FSH levels, as well as a direct correlation with the levels of LH, prolactin, estradiol, and testosterone, and LH/FSH ratio. Thus, obesity exacerbates the hormonal imbalance in women with infertility caused by PCOS.
“Middleness” in Middlemarch
Authors: Hollington Michael
Published: October 2020

Cet essai propose une méditation sur les deux moitiés du titre Middlemarch , et en particulier sur le premier segment sémantique du nom. Forgeant le terme de « middleness », l’article étudie la condition humaine telle qu’évoquée dans le roman, « au milieu » à la fois du temps et de l’espace, et analyse celle-ci en suivant trois axes, l’un temporel (en relation avec la conscience de vivre au cœur de l’Histoire) et les deux autres, spatiaux : de ces deux derniers axes, l’un est horizontal, étant lié à la nature des paysages du centre de l’Angleterre (notamment du Loamshire ou Warwickshire), ainsi qu’aux effets psycho-géographiques de ces paysages sur les personnages du roman ; l’autre est vertical, et lié aux personnages appartenant essentiellement à la frange intermédiaire de la hiérarchie sociale. L’article tente de différencier les personnages qui parviennent à atteindre la position du juste milieu (dans le sens que Horace a donné au terme de mediocritas ) et ceux qui sont simplement « médiocres », au sens moderne du terme.
The Angel and the Demon in George Eliot’s The Mill on the Floss
Authors: Jumeau Alain
Published: October 2020

Dans The Mill on the Floss , un roman inscrit pleinement dans la tradition réaliste, nous rencontrons d’étranges créatures, un ange et un démon, qui semblent ne pas y avoir vraiment leur place. Cela vient du fait que l’auteur, George Eliot, désigne plusieurs fois Maggie Tulliver (brune à la peau foncée) comme un démon et décrit sa cousine, la blonde Lucy Deane, comme une personnalité angélique. Tout le roman semble fondé sur cette typologie, qui rend compte de l’opposition entre les deux cousines : Lucy est ainsi associée à la lumière et au bien, tandis que Maggie est associée à l’obscurité et au mal. Cette typologie s’observe dans les deux premiers volumes du roman (Livres I à V). Mais dans le troisième volume (Livres VI et VII), nous remarquons un changement, qui peut aller jusqu’à une redistribution des rôles.
The Romantic Ode and the Art of Brinkmanship
Authors: Duff David
Published: October 2020

Cet article réévalue l’ode romantique à travers le concept de brinkmanship (stratégie de la corde raide) conçu par Edward Young en 1728 et relancé et développé par Coleridge. Young dépeint l’ode pindarique comme un genre à risque qui semble sauvage et « imméthodique », mais qui « a autant de logique au fond, qu’Aristote ou qu’Euclide ». Coleridge élabore cette « logique » poétique et fait de l’idée de forces mentales conflictuelles mais harmonisées une partie de sa théorie de l’imagination. Ses spéculations critiques illuminent sa propre écriture d’odes et celle d’autres poètes romantiques qui utilisent le genre de manière autoréflexive, pour tester les limites de l’imagination et explorer son fonctionnement. L’article se concentre sur l’« Intimations Ode » de Wordsworth et l’« Ode to a Nightingale » de Keats, soulignant leur audace imaginative, leur déploiement stratégique de dispositifs pindariques tels que les transitions, les apostrophes et les paradoxes, et leur audacieuse intertextualité. Les aspects des odes de Keats normalement considérés comme des signes de retenue horatienne sont interprétés à la place comme des manifestations distinctives de la technique du pindarisme.
Making Sense of Wilfred Owen’s Keatsian Heritage: “Exposure” and “Ode to a Nightingale”
Authors: Anthony Laure-Hélène
Published: October 2020

En lisant l’œuvre de Wilfred Owen, on s’accorde souvent à dire que son admiration pour John Keats s’est estompée pendant la guerre ; sa poésie se serait alors retournée contre celle de Keats. C’est pourquoi les premiers vers de « Exposure », qui paraphrasent l’ouverture de « Ode to a Nightingale », ont été perçus comme un rejet de l’ode. Cet article soutient qu’on peut lire le poème d’Owen comme une version inversée et radicalisée de l’ode. Bien que « Exposure » soit plus violent et politique que « Ode to a Nightingale », le poème ne rejette pas la conception keatsienne de la souffrance humaine et de la nature. Au contraire, il s’appuie sur la brève description de l’humanité présentée dans « Ode to a Nightingale » et la développe. On trouve également dans « Exposure » des échos aux sombres descriptions de l’hiver qui apparaissent dans des poèmes moins connus de Keats, ce qui permet à la fois de donner un nouvel éclairage à la lecture de « Ode to a Nightingale » et de faire du poème d’Owen la triste conclusion de l’ode.
Les nouveaux défis des universités dans l’écosystème entrepreneurial
Authors: Bories-Azeau Isabelle , Fort Fatiha , Noguera Florence , Peyroux Catherine
Published: October 2020

L’Université émerge comme un acteur clé de l’écosystème entrepreneurial, d’une part sous la pression des politiques publiques à travers le changement de son statut et des injonctions à introduire l’entrepreneuriat dans les programmes de formation des étudiants. D’autre part, elle est tenue de s’impliquer davantage dans les dynamiques territoriales pour favoriser l’insertion professionnelle de ses lauréats. Cet article interroge les modes de gestion des proximités que les universités peuvent instaurer pour asseoir leur rôle de médiation entre le milieu académique et les acteurs du développement économique du territoire. Comment faciliter les proximités et les interfaces entre les universités et les laboratoires de recherche, et les structures d’accompagnement pour créer de la valeur pour un territoire ? Les résultats d’une étude qualitative auprès des acteurs de l’accompagnement entrepreneurial en Languedoc Roussillon montrent que l’implication des universités dans la construction d’une proximité organisée est une attente forte des parties prenantes de l’écosystème entrepreneurial territorial, qui sont confrontées à un déficit de proximité institutionnelle, voire à une faible proximité géographique avec les ressources universitaires. La construction d’une proximité organisée suppose alors des coopérations et des partenariats qui sont aujourd’hui loin de constituer la règle.
Processus de mise en œuvre de la réforme des études en masso-kinésithérapie par une équipe de direction : entre traduction, dynamiques d’innovation et enrôlement des formateurs
Authors: Perez-Roux Thérèse , Maleyrot Eric
Published: October 2020

Ces dix dernières années en France, dans le champ de la santé, les différentes professions paramédicales ont vécu une réforme des études engageant une réingénierie de la formation. La contribution présente une étude qualitative qui vise à mettre au jour le processus de traduction de la réforme des études en masso-kinésithérapie (2015), par une équipe de direction, au sein d’un institut de formation. La réingénierie opérée par cette direction est étudiée sur la temporalité des quatre premières années post réforme (2015-2019). L’analyse de ce processus est réalisée à partir d’un cadre conceptuel qui prend en compte les enjeux de professionnalisation et les dispositifs de formation, choisis dans une dynamique d’innovation. Par ailleurs, les phénomènes de leadership sont interrogés. Les résultats font état d’un processus complexe. Pour la direction, il s’agit d’abord de concevoir de nouveaux dispositifs réflexifs puis de mobiliser les formateurs afin qu’ils s’engagent dans les démarches attendues. Le leadership développé donne à voir les décalages et les évolutions générés par un tel projet. Un certain nombre de tensions liées aux dynamiques d’appropriation des formateurs sont repérées. Enfin, les résultats indiquent dans quelle mesure la direction met en perspective de nouveaux chantiers, dans un processus d’innovation et de prospection qui nécessite une appropriation par les acteurs.
Rapport conflictuel entre projet de soi pour soi et projet de soi pour autrui : analyse par les théories de la traduction et de la double transaction
Authors: Deltand Muriel , Kaddouri Mokhtar
Published: October 2020

La contribution mobilise la théorie de la traduction et celle de la double transaction qu’elle combine pour analyser le positionnement d’acteurs considérés dans leur dynamique individuelle et sociale. Deux entretiens, issus de deux enquêtes menées dans des contextes différents (Congo, France), servent de base pour cette analyse. Le premier entretien illustre la réussite de la traduction et les transactions biographiques et relationnelles, alors que le second illustre le non-aboutissement des transactions en raison d’une traduction divergente. La question à laquelle tente de répondre l’article concerne le rôle de la traduction dans la réussite de la double transaction.
Les évolutions de la voie professionnelle en France : quelles conséquences sur les dynamiques enseignantes à l’échelle d’un établissement ?
Authors: Bouchetal Thierry
Published: October 2020

Dans un contexte d’évolution de la voie professionnelle, cet article cherche à mieux comprendre comment, à l’échelle d’un établissement du secondaire, un processus d’interprétation des réformes s’opère, révélant des dynamiques professionnelles enseignantes variées. Dans le cadre d’une enquête ethnographique au sein d’un lycée professionnel, l’analyse des données recueillies auprès des professeurs de plus de cinquante ans (proportion importante de l’effectif enseignant) permet d’établir que la réception et la mise en œuvre des prescriptions s’élaborent au sein de collectifs fortement configurés par les filières et les disciplines, dans lesquels l’engagement est pondéré par la nature des parcours et des motifs menant à l’enseignement professionnel.
Enjeux d’une recherche collaborative : les présupposés épistémologiques et méthodologiques requis dans une analyse des processus de traduction
Authors: Montandon Christiane
Published: October 2020

Cette synthèse vise à dégager les présupposés méthodologiques propres au cadre théorique d’une sociologie de la traduction à partir des articles de ce numéro. L’examen des réquisits épistémologiques montre le refus de tout positivisme au profit de l’implication du chercheur : cette posture assigne à ceux qui se présentent comme objet de la recherche d’être aussi des sujets participant aux transactions effectuées par l’ensemble des acteurs engagés dans une démarche de problématisation. La nature multidimensionnelle du terrain pose la question du pilotage des différentes étapes de la négociation où incertitude et hétérogénéité requièrent l’étayage sur des groupes statutaires différents et la reconnaissance d’un leadership institué. Une telle recherche-intervention vise à opérer des transformations structurelles au sein des institutions dans lesquelles interviennent les acteurs du terrain qui se constituent peu à peu en chercheur collectif ; le regard critique sur ces recherches permet de repérer la nécessité de recourir à des espaces intermédiaires pour faciliter ces transitions et multiplier les médiations. Un des points aveugles importants concerne la restitution des analyses heuristiques à communiquer aux acteurs de terrain pour consolider cette démarche collaborative.
Former des retraités au tutorat : questionner les incidents critiques pour conceptualiser les compétences transversales liées à l’action
Authors: Durat Laurence
Published: October 2020

Sollicités pour éclairer la question de la transférabilité de l’expérience de séniors dans un dispositif de tutorat d’étudiants, nous avons fait l’hypothèse qu’une voie d’accès pourrait être de questionner des incidents critiques de ces professionnels expérimentés afin de les aider à formaliser les processus à l’œuvre dans le développement de leurs compétences transversales. Le retour à une situation vécue décrite dans des récits (filmés), retravaillés collectivement avec leurs pairs, a effectivement permis de mettre au jour la structure perceptive de l’expérience en montrant les éléments cognitifs, conatifs et socio-affectifs qui composent le développement de compétences transversales.
L’absence de savoir conceptuel lors de démarches d’investigation scientifique mises en œuvre en classe : une crainte devenue réalité ?
Authors: Perron Séverine , Hasni Abdelkrim , Boilevin Jean-Marie
Published: October 2020

Les démarches d’investigation scientifique sont recommandées à la fois dans les textes institutionnels et dans la documentation scientifique. Dans cette recherche, nous étudions la manière avec laquelle des enseignants français articulent les démarches d’investigation scientifique (DIS) avec les savoirs conceptuels en sciences de la vie et de la Terre. Notre travail repose sur deux construits : les démarches d’investigation scientifique et les savoirs conceptuels. La méthode de recueil des données correspondant aux pratiques d’enseignement déclarées s’appuie sur une recherche mixte de nature descriptive. Nos résultats permettent de souligner, entre autres, l'absence de visée d'apprentissage associée aux savoirs conceptuels lors de mises en œuvre de DIS en classe. Ce sont surtout les habiletés et les attitudes composant les DIS qui sont priorisées de manière dissociée de la conceptualisation.
Rapid chromatographic immunoassay-based evaluation of COVID-19
Authors: Gupta Ankesh , Khurana Surbhi , Das Rojaleen , Srigyan Deepankar , Singh Amit , Mittal Ankit , Singh Parul , Soneja Manish , Kumar Arvind , Singh Akhil Kant , Soni Kapil Dev , Meena Suneeta , Aggarwal Richa , Sharad Neha , Aggarwal Anivita , Kadnur Harshith , George Netto , Singh Komal , Desai Devashish , Trilangi Praveen , Khan Adil Rashid , Kiro Vandana V. , Naik Shivdas , Arunan Bharthi , Goel Shivam , Patidar Diksha , Lathwal Amit , Dar Lalit , Trikha Anjan , Pandey Ravindra Mohan , Malhotra Rajesh , Guleria Randeep , Mathur Purva , Wig Naveet
Published: October 2020

Background & objectives:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has so far affected over 41 million people globally. The limited supply of real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) kits and reagents has made meeting the rising demand for increased testing incompetent, worldwide. A highly sensitive and specific antigen-based rapid diagnostic test (RDT) is the need of the hour. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a rapid chromatographic immunoassay-based test (index test) compared with a clinical reference standard (rRT-PCR).

Methods:

A cross-sectional, single-blinded study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in north India. Paired samples were taken for RDT and rRT-PCR (reference standard) from consecutive participants screened for COVID-19 to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of the RDT. Further subgroup analysis was done based on the duration of illness and cycle threshold values. Cohen's kappa coefficient was used to measure the level of agreement between the two tests.

Results:

Of the 330 participants, 77 were rRT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2. Sixty four of these patients also tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RDT. The overall sensitivity and specificity were 81.8 and 99.6 per cent, respectively. The sensitivity of RDT was higher (85.9%) in participants with a duration of illness ≤5 days.

Interpretation & conclusions:

With an excellent specificity and moderate sensitivity, this RDT may be used to rule in COVID-19 in patients with a duration of illness ≤5 days. Large-scale testing based on this RDT across the country would result in quick detection, isolation and treatment of COVID-19 patients.
Subepithelial neutrophil infiltration as a predictor of the surgical outcome of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Kim D-K. , Lim H-S. , Eun K.M. , Seo Y. , Kim J.K. , Kim Y.S. , Kim M-K. , Jin S. , Han S.C. , Kim D.W.
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Neutrophils present as major inflammatory cells in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), regardless of the endotype. However, their role in the pathophysiology of CRSwNP remains poorly understood. We investigated factors predicting the surgical outcomes of CRSwNP patients with focus on neutrophilic localization. METHODS: We employed machine-learning methods such as the decision tree and random forest models to predict the surgical outcomes of CRSwNP. Immunofluorescence analysis was conducted to detect human neutrophil elastase (HNE), Bcl-2, and Ki-67 in NP tissues. We counted the immunofluorescence-positive cells and divided them into three groups based on the infiltrated area, namely, epithelial, subepithelial, and perivascular groups. RESULTS: On machine learning, the decision tree algorithm demonstrated that the number of subepithelial HNE-positive cells, Lund-Mackay (LM) scores, and endotype (eosinophilic or non-eosinophilic) were the most important predictors of surgical outcomes in CRSwNP patients. Additionally, the random forest algorithm showed that, after ranking the mean decrease in the Gini index or the accuracy of each factor, the top three ranking factors associated with surgical outcomes were the LM score, age, and number of subepithelial HNE-positive cells. In terms of cellular proliferation, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Ki-67/HNE-double positive and Bcl-2/HNE-double positive cells were significantly increased in the subepithelial area in refractory CRSwNP. CONCLUSION: Our machine-learning approach and immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that subepithelial neutrophils in NP tissues had a high expression of Ki-67 and could serve as a cellular biomarker for predicting surgical outcomes in CRSwNP patients.
Code Mixing as a Window into Language Dominance: Evidence from Korean Heritage Speakers
Authors: Park-Johnson Sunny
Published: October 2020

It is well-documented that children of immigrants often undergo language dominance shift as a result of increased exposure to the mainstream language of their environment (Bialystok, 2001; Portes & Schauffler, 1994; Ro & Cheatham, 2009). One of the ways in which this shift can manifest in natural speech is through language choice and, in particular, intrasentential code mixing. This article investigates the shift in language dominance through a longitudinal study of four young Korean heritage speakers living in the United States. Spontaneous play interaction data was collected on a monthly basis across a two-year span following the children’s entrance into English-medium schools in order to investigate the shift of dominance. In observing the children’s use of Korean, English, and Korean-English code-mixed utterances over time, it was expected that the amount of Korean utterances would decrease, while the amount of English and code-mixed utterances would increase due to the shift of language dominance. Findings revealed that while use of Korean decreased and use of English increased, the amount utterances containing code mixing remained stable across time for all children. The article argues that code mixing is not an indicator of weakened language proficiency.
Application of Multivariate Data Analysis to the Determination of Multiclass Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Abdulra’uf L. B. , Lawal A.
Published: October 2020

Design of experiment (DOE) was employed to develop a headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) method for multiresidue analysis. The significance of SPME parameters was determined using Placket-Burman (P-B) design. The main effect and the interaction effect of the significant factors were also determined followed by the optimization of the significant factors using central composite design (CCD). A Minitab® statistical software was used to generate both the 27-4 Placket-Burman and the central composite design matrix. The same statistical software was also employed in the determination of the optimum level of the significant parameters using surface response optimizer and desirability surface plot. The most significant factors are: extraction temperature (90%), extraction time (80%), the pH and stirring rate (50% and 60% respectively). The optimum parameters are: Temperature, 62 °C; time, 34 min; NaCl, 10%; stirring, 350rpm; pH, 6. The figures of merit of analytical methodologies was determined using an internal standard calibration method. The linearity of the developed method ranges from 1- 500 µg/kg and correlation coefficient (R2) greater than 0.99. The average recovery was found between 74 – 115% and relative standard deviation ranges from 1.1 – 14%. The developed method was used to analyze 14 multiclass pesticide residues in two fruit (pear and grape) and two vegetable (lettuce and broccoli) samples, and the method was found to be satisfactory with LOD between 0.17 – 7.34 µg/kg and LOQ ranges from 0.55 – 24.50 µg/kg. Keyword: Design of experiment (DOE), solid phase microextraction, response surface optimizer, pesticide residues, Central composite Design
Pasting Properties of Composite of Cassava and Wheat Flours
Authors: Imoisi C. , Iyasele J.U. , Imhontu E.E. , Ikpahwore D.O. , Okpebho A.O.
Published: October 2020

Classification of cassava and wheat using only amylose content is not sufficient enough to predict starch viscosity for end product recommendation, hence this study aimed at characterizing and categorizing the pasting profile of composite flours from cassava-citrus and wheat-watermelon using Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) (used in confectionary products), dried cassava, citrus rind, wheat grain and watermelon rind were processed into flour by grinding. Cassava-citrus and wheat-watermelon flours were blended in the ratio of 100:0, 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25 and labeled as AB1, AB2, AB3, AB4 and BC1, BC2, BC3, BC4 respectively. The data obtained from the pasting properties of composite cassava-citrus and wheat-watermelon flours are as follows: range of peak viscosity (249.6-446.0) and (97.1-116.3) RVU, trough value (158.5-251.5) and (59.5- 70.3) RVU, breakdown viscosity (91.1-184.1) and (37.6-46.0) RVU, final viscosity (222.3-509.3) and (184.4-214.2) RVU, setback viscosity (63.3-247.8) and (124.9-143.8) RVU, peak time (4.27-5.27) and (5.53- 5.67) min and pasting temperatures (72.45-73.40) and (90.40-91.25) oC. The pasting properties of wheat watermelon composite flours increased with increasing substitution of watermelon fibre while those of cassava citrus composite flours decreased with increasing substitution of citrus fibre until 50% replacement. Composite Cassava-citrus flour AB3 and wheat-watermelon flour BC1 respectively had the highest value for all the pasting properties evaluated. Hence, cassava-citrus flour AB3 with 50% citrus substitution and wheat-watermelon flour BC1 without any substitution could find applications in confectionery and pastry industries. Thus, the results also indicated that by incorporating citrus and watermelon fibre, it is possible to enhance the pasting properties of our local cassava and wheat flour. This will also serve as a way of converting wastes from citrus (citrus vesicles) and Watermelon rinds (Citrullus larnatus) into useful materials, thereby reducing environmental pollutions caused by these wastes.
LEVELS OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) IN FISH SAMPLES FROM DIFFERENT PROCESSING METHODS
Authors: Itodo A.U. , Nnodim V.O. , Ande S. , Itodo H.U. , Ofoegbu O.
Published: October 2020

Fish is easily contaminated from water prone to water pollution. In this study, the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fish samples processed, using three methods and marketed in Makurdi, Benue state, were determined. The samples were coded as SF (Smoked Fish), SD (Sundried) and FD (fried) fish samples. PAHs in the samples were quantified, using gas chromatography – mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The Ʃ16PAH concentrations were in the range of 0.2- 10.0 mg/kg. Both LPAHs/HPAHs and the binary diagnostic ratios of PAHs indicated pyrogenic and petrogenic sources Ʃ16PAH and their dominant PAH ring-types were separately computed for each sample. The six-membered ring PAHs in smoked fish was 32.07% (with Bezo(ghi)perylene as most dominant). High levels of six member ring PAHs (Dibenz(a,h) anthracene) were also found in Sundried fish and fried fish contain Dibenz(a,h) anthracene. Generally, the PAHs concentrations in the samples, pointed more at pyrogenic than the petrogenic source. With exception of the five and six membered rings, estimated PAH levels were within the NAFDAC permissible limits.
Physical, Chemical and Functional Characterization of a Novel Starch from Dioscorea sagittifolia and its Synergetic Studies with Terminalia mantalys Gum
Authors: Igwe O. U. , Oko E. H. , Nnaji J. C. , Chisom F.
Published: October 2020

A novel starch extracted from Dioscorea sagittifolia and its composite blends with gum from Terminalia mantalys were studied. The starch/gum blends were prepared in the following ratio: 3.0:0.0, 3.0:0.25, 3.0:0.50, 3.0:0.75 and 3.0:1.0. The proximate and functional properties of the novel starch were determined using standard procedures. The proximate analysis of the starch gave values of 14.37%, 84.63%, 2.30%, 1.92%, 1.34%, 0.56% and 93.88% for moisture, dry matter, crude protein, ash, crude fibre, crude fat and carbohydrate respectively. The energy value was 389.76 Kcal/100 g. The amylose and amylopectin contents of the novel starch were 23.65 and 76.35% respectively. There were significant differences in the solubility index, bulk/particle density, least gelation concentration and foaming capacity of the free starch and its blends while there were no significant differences in their water absorption capacity and swelling power. The peak and trough viscosities ranged from 26.17 (starch/gum ratio of 3.0:0.25) to 246.75 RVU (starch/gum ratio of 3.0:1.0) and 19.00 (starch/gum ratio of 3.0:0.25) to 221.75 RVU (starch/gum ratio of 3.0:1.0) respectively. Final viscosity ranged from 73.25 (starch/gum ratio of 3.0:0.25) to 290.67 RVU (starch/gum ratio of 3.0:1.0) while the pasting temperature and time ranged from 88.05 to 95.00 and 6.87 to 7.0 min, respectively. The morphology of the starch granules (size and shape) was studied with scanning electron microscope (SEM), which revealed cylindrical, rod-like or oblong and oval shaped granules that are symmetrical with smooth surfaces and with lengths between 134 and 179􀀀􀀁m. There were no appreciable change in shapes and sizes of the starch granules after modification with T. mantalys gum. Generally, there were improvements in the functional properties of the starch after modification. The nutritional properties of the novel starch have also been revealed. Keywords: Dioscorea sagittifolia, Terminalia mantalys, Starch, Gum, Functional properties
EFFECT OF STORAGE AND INSECT INFESTATION ON PHYSICO CHEMICAL AND NUTRITIVE VALUES OF SUN DRIED YAM (DIOSCOREA ROTUNDATA)
Authors: AREMU J.A. , DUROSINMI L.M. , AREMU J.A. , OLADOYINBO F. , AKINLABI A.K. , DARE E.O.
Published: October 2020

Effect of storage and insect infestation on physicochemical and nutritive values of sundried yam (Dioscorea Rotundata) were studied. The samples were subjected to proximate and elemental analyses. There was a decrease in carbohydrate value of the infested yam compared with the uninfested yam which was also found to be lower than that of the raw yam. Copper, zinc, iron, magnesium, potassium, calcium and sodium were found to be 72.69 mg/100g, 70.58 mg/100g, 78.88 mg/100g, 71.70 mg/100g, 76.60 mg/100g, 60.06 mg/100g and 50.35 mg/100g in uninfested yam while the values of the mineral elements in the infested yam samples were obtained as 76.22 mg/100g, 75.91 mg/100g, 77.02 mg/100g, 76.08 mg/100g, 80.04 mg/100g, 64.55 mg/100g, 52.02 mg/100g compared to the raw yam which gave 74.44 mg/100g, 73.58 mg/100g, 79.99 mg/100g, 75.48 mg/100g, 78.26 mg/100g, 72.98 mg/100g and 51.50 mg/100g respectively. The Results showed that the samples were non–resistant to insect infestation with acute deterioration in food values.
EFFECT OF STUDY SKILLS TRAINING ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS GEOGRAPHY STUDENTS IN JALINGO METROPOLIS
Authors: MICHAEL Happy , JOSEPH Joshua , IORNYAGH Peter
Published: October 2020

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of study skills training on academic achievement and retention of geography students in Jalingo metropolis of Taraba State. A pre-test, post-test control group, quasi experimental design was adopted for this study. Geography students were purposively selected from two private schools in Jalingo metropolis of Taraba State. Three validated and standardized instrument were used for data collection. These instruments were pre-test geography achievement, post-test geography achievement and retention geography test. Four research questions were stated for the lesson and four hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. Test- retest method of reliability estimate was determined by using Pearson product moment correlation coefficient. The reliability coefficient of 0.86 was obtained. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test and analysis of covariance. The result of the study revealed that the experimentalgroup thatwas given study skills training performed higher (mean=52.87, SD=12.5) than that of the control group (mean=41.0, SD=8.1). Also the retention score of the experimental group is higher (mean=49.60, SD=14.38) than the control group (mean= 36.20, SD=8.01). There was also a significant difference in the academic achievement and retention scores of experimental group and control group. Based on these findings, school teachers, curriculum planners are encouraged to include study skills training in the instructional processes in classrooms to enhance retention and achievement of students.
PROPERTY ENHANCEMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF POLYPROPYLENE MATRIX FOR AUTOMOBILE APPLICATION: INFLUENCE OF COIR FIBER PROPORTION AND LENGTH
Authors: Abayomi Akinwande , Adeiza Barnabas , Abiodun Balogun , Daniel Daniel , Shittu Shittu
Published: October 2020

Coir-polypropylene composite was developed by the addition of coir fiber treated with 1.7 M NaOH solution for 24 hours at fiber loading 0 – 30 wt. % for automobile application. The fibers were cut to different length of 20 -50mm. Samples produced were subjected to test to examine tensile and flexural strengths and moduli, impact strength and hardness. Microstructural analysis was also carried out. Results obtained reveal rise in tensile strength with increasing fiber proportion up to 15 wt. % before a decline down to 30 wt. %. Increasing fiber length was observed to contribute to appreciation in strength up to 40 mm. Tensile modulus (TM) trended upward with in increased fiber loading up to 30 wt. % for length from 20 to 40 mm and for fiber cut to 50 mm, TM appreciated up to 15 wt. % before eventual depreciation. Results of flexural strength and modulus showed that flexural strength rose with increasing fiber loading up to 30 wt. % for coir fibers cut to 20 to 40 mm. Coir cut to 50 mm, gave increase up to 15 wt. % before eventual decrease in value. Flexural modulus rose from 0 to 30 wt. % for all fiber length except when 50 mm length was incorporated into the composite resulting lower modulus when compared with the ones recorded for coir of 40 mm length.
AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACTS OF CARBON TAX ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Authors: Mohammed Alhassan , Aminu Aminu
Published: October 2020

This study is designed to investigate the anticipated impact of carbon tax on economic growth in Nigeria using the scenario of the proposed tax rate on the primary carbon emission-related activities. This study therefore employed ARDL bound test and Toda-Yamamoto causality tests to show the existence of long-run relationship between carbon tax and economic growth. The study therefore revealed that: carbon tax has positive impact on economic growth; governance has negative impact on economic growth: non-existence of causal relationship between carbon tax and economic growth in Nigeria. Hence, the study recommended among others, upward review of carbon tax and strict adherence to the regulation of tax rate on carbon emission be enforced, as well as consideration for application of tax rate on other non-primary emitters of carbon in Nigeria.
The “Peoples’ Climate Case” summarized
Authors: Leith Hugo , Verheyen Roda , Winter Gerd
Published: October 2020

The case, dubbed the people’s climate case, is brought by children and their parents, working in agriculture and tourism in the EU and abroad who are and will increasingly be adversely affected in their livelihoods and their physical well-being by climate change effects such as droughts, flooding, heat waves, sea level rise and the disappearance of cold seasons. They are supported and joined by an association of indigenous Sami youth. The applicants are engaged in a range of economic activities, including the cultivation of crops, forestry management, animal herding, and eco-tourism. For each of the families, climate change has in some cases already curtailed their activities and livelihoods.
The Defendants are the European Parliament and the Council of the EU. These are the institutions of the Union responsible for the adoption of the legal acts challenged by this application. The Applicants are represented by the three authors of this article. They bring two related applications concerning the responsibility of the Union for emissions of greenhouse gases (‘GHGs’), leading to dangerous climate change. They contend that the Union has failed and continues to fail to meet its urgent responsibilities to limit the emission of GHGs, in breach of its binding obligations of higher rank law. This breach currently manifests in three recently adopted legal acts of the European Parliament and the Council, which cover different sectors of the economy.
The Future of EMAS – 10 years European Environmental Management and Audit Scheme
Authors: Kiel Thomas
Published: October 2020

The Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) is the European Union (EU) voluntary scheme for organisations willing to commit themselves to evaluate, improve and report on their environmental performances. The scheme was launched in April 1995 and was originally restricted to companies of industrial sectors. EMAS II revision has opened the instrument since 2001 to all economic sectors including public and private services. In addition, EMAS was strengthened by the integration of parts of EN ISO 14001 standard as environmental management system requirement; by adopting an attractive logo to signal EMAS registration to the public; and by considering more strongly indirect environmental aspects such as those related to external traffic, financial services or administrative and planning decisions. Participating in EMAS is voluntary and extends to public or private organisations operating in the EU and the European Economic Area (EEA) – Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. In all new member states the EMAS Regulation came into force with the association to the EU in May 2004. On 15 November 2004 a revised version of ISO environmental management standard 14001 was published. The author takes this for opportunity to think about the future developments of EMAS. After ten years practice of a new and proactive instrument in voluntary environmental management a turning point is reached. The commission has to decide whether to give EMAS a permanent place within the canon of environmental policy instruments and to strengthen its use by different means or to restrain from EU management requirements and leave further decisions on development of environmental management tools to the private market.
Towards an integrated approach for sustainability labelling and certification
Authors: Eritja Campins
Published: October 2020

A European research project (EVG1-CT2000-00031) was started in 2000 with the aim of providing the European Union with an analytical framework for assessing ecologically, economically and socially responsible labelling and certification schemes, in order to present a conceptual and theoretical elaboration of the key issues in the international and supranational legal context.
The present short paper is solely intended to present the main results of such a project, which consisted of five steps: a) Interdisciplinary framework for analysis; b) Analysis of the international legal, institutional and organisational framework for sustainability labelling and certification schemes; c) Global inventory of sustainability labelling and certification schemes, d) Six case studies focusing on specific schemes; e) The development of an analytical framework for assessing sustainability labelling and certification schemes.
Preliminary definition of the problem: The adoption of the evolving concept of sustainable development has led social participants to adopt various schemes in relation to product and service labelling and certification. During the last years we have been witnessing a multiplicity of initiatives by NGOs, industry, governments and by partnerships between NGOs and industry. All these initiatives indicate diverse systems with diverse objectives in diverse sectors and diverging approaches and interpretations of sustainable development. The key challenge to the European Union is that all these diverging systems may give rise to trade barriers within the context of the EU’s internal market and within a North-North and a North-South context. This is specially so, since although these schemes are aimed at niche markets, opponents argue that these schemes may gradually become standard setting instruments and that the process of developing such labels is not fully transparent.