bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies to prevent suppurative chondritis following auricular burns: a systematic review
Authors: Nasrallah Fady , Brewer Christopher F , Arkoulis Nikolaos , Mabvuure Nigel T
Published: May 2022

Objective:

Suppurative chondritis is a potentially devastating complication of burns to the ear. The infection and inflammation can liquify cartilage, leading to significant aesthetic deformities which are difficult to treat. This article reviews published measures for preventing post-burn chondritis.

Method:

A comprehensive search of all available literature up to September 2020 was performed, according to PRISMA guidelines, for studies assessing preventive measures for post-burn chondritis. Randomised controlled trials (RCT), cohort studies, case–control studies, case reports and series were eligible for inclusion

Results:

A total of 10 studies, including one RCT and nine retrospective observational analyses, were included, incorporating 1369 patients with burns to the ear. The most common interventions were pressure avoidance (70%), daily cleansing (60%), topical mafenide acetate (60%) and targeted debridement (30%). Packages of measures which included pressure avoidance were the most effective, all of which achieved a chondritis incidence of <6%.

Conclusion:

Low-level but strong published evidence suggests that important treatment principles include prevention by pressure relief, targeted debridement, prophylactic local antibiotics, local antisepsis and the avoidance of desiccation.
Fatal invasive aspergillosis in a child with chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Sarvestani Hasti Kamali , Ansari Saham , Parvaneh Nima , Yaghmaie Bahareh , Ahmadi Bahram
Published: May 2022

Patients with chronic granulomatous disease, a primary immunodeficiency, experience granulomatous complications and recurrent life-threatening opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections. In this article, we report on a case of invasive aspergillosis in an eight-year-old boy with chronic granulomatous disease, who presented with pleural effusion and pneumonia, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, and unusual skin lesions caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. Antifungal treatment with itraconazole and other antifungal agents, along with interferon-γ, was ineffective and the patient eventually died from cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, and intracerebral haemorrhage following increased intracranial pressure after one month. The diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis should be considered early in children presenting with invasive fungal infections, particularly those involving the central nervous system.
Citric acid treatment of a diabetic leg ulcer infected with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Nagoba Basavraj , Rawal Chandrashekhar , Davane Milind
Published: May 2022

Diabetic leg ulcers are difficult to manage. Infection by bacterial pathogens, such as meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is one of the most important reasons for non-healing of ulcers. If not treated in a timely manner, the ulceration may progress to septicaemia, amputation and even death. We report a successful treatment of a diabetic leg ulcer infected with MRSA, which was not responding to conventional antibiotic therapy and local wound care combined, with a local application of 3% citric acid ointment once daily for 30 days. The results indicated that its use may be a potential treatment in the management of hard-to-heal ulcers when all other options have been exhausted.
Proteus mirabilis resistant to carbapenems isolated from a patient with a venous leg ulcer: a case report
Authors: Oliveira de Araujo Joice Fragoso , Lopes da Silva Andressa Letícia , Acioly de Omena Izabelle Cristina , Alvino Valter , Todaro Adriana Reis , Bastos Maria Lysete de Assis
Published: May 2022

Objective:

The aim of the study was to phenotypically investigate the expression of the enzyme Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) in a Proteus mirabilis sample resistant to carbapenems, isolated from the wound of a patient with a venous leg ulcer (VLU) treated at an outpatient referral service.

Method:

This was a case study conducted with a patient who had a VLU on the lower left limb. Samples were taken for the examination of microbiological material from the patient's wound, using an aseptic technique. The colonies extracted were submitted to Gram staining and biochemical tests to identify the strain. In addition, an antimicrobial susceptibility test, E-test and a modified Hodge test were performed.

Results:

The identified microorganism was Proteus mirabilis, which showed resistance to cefuroxime and the carbapenems imipenem and meropenem. As well as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.0μg/ml for imipenem, demonstrating resistance, there was no KPC production by the tested isolate, which presented a negative modified Hodge test.

Conclusion:

The results highlight the importance of microbiological surveillance, aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality rates associated with infection by multiresistant bacteria.
Design of Load and Bale Density Monitoring and Control System for a Wheeled Self-Propelled Square Baler
Authors: Guo Hui , Gao Guomin , Zhou Wei , Liu Jiajun , Hao Liangjun
Published: May 2022

HIGHLIGHTS

A load and bale density monitoring and control system for a wheeled self-propelled square baler is proposed.

A hydraulic circuit and weighing device are designed, and a bale density control model is established on this basis.

The relationships among the main parameters affecting the operation of the control system are determined.

The control system improved the automation and reliability of the square baler machine as a low-cost solution.

Abstract. This study investigated baler load monitoring and automatic adjustment of bale density. A load monitoring and bale density adjustment system was developed for a wheeled self-propelled square baler. To realize the proposed system, a hydraulic circuit and a weighing device were designed, a bale density control program was developed, and a bale density control model was established. Bench tests were performed to obtain the relationships among the feed quantity of the baler, the load of the hydraulic cylinder on the compression chamber sidewall, the bale density, the piston’s compression force, the bale weight, and the degree of bale compression. The relationships among the operating parameters provided basic data for baler load monitoring and intelligent control of bale density. Field tests showed that when the bale density threshold was set at 5 kg m-3 and the allowable deviation was 2 kg m-3, the coarse adjustment time was less than 5 s, and the adjustment deviation of the bale density was within 5% as a whole, while most of the deviations were within 3%. The results demonstrate that the proposed control system can realize automatic adjustment of bale density according to user requirements within the allowable range. In addition, the proposed system can ensure stable operation and provide a reference for optimization and intelligent control of balers. Keywords: Bale density, Feeding load, Monitoring and control system, Square baler.
SDN East–West cooperation in a converged fixed-mobile optical access network: enabling 5G slicing capabilities
Authors: Wang Minqi , Simon Gaël , Anet Neto Luiz , Amigo Isabel , Nuaymi Loutfi , Chanclou Philippe
Published: May 2022

The new 5G service requirements will force operators to rethink the deployment of infrastructure and management tools. The reuse of passive optical network (PON) technology to connect antenna sites has attracted the attention of some operators, as the high availability of some 5G services, as well as ubiquitous radio coverage in a denser network, could be ensured with minimum deployment efforts. In this case, the implications of each 5G slice instance deserve to be clarified in a PON infrastructure, and a fixed-mobile converged management system in optical access networks (ANs) will be necessary for operators. Some class of service (CoS) algorithms must be developed to ensure that different and heterogeneous services are properly transported through optical fibers in a fixed-mobile converged scenario. Many organizations are considering the use of transmission containers (T-CONTs) (the indicator of the bandwidth distribution in the PON uplink) for PON slicing, but the CoS for mobile traffic in a PON has not yet been defined. In parallel, the new AN management solutions are mostly focused on software-defined network (SDN) northbound/southbound interfaces between orchestrators and abstraction entities. However, if an end-to-end 5G slice instance must be dynamically applied in a fixed-mobile converged architecture, the coordination between mobile and residential management systems is necessary. We propose a disaggregated optical line terminal (OLT) with an SDN controller that leverages the advantages of virtualization technologies and the currently deployed OLT. We propose an East–West interface between fixed and mobile SDN controllers and have successfully implemented a 5G slicing proof of concept in access transport networks using this interface. We succeeded in reducing uplink latency and jitter by 25%–50% thanks to a smart optimization of T-CONTs, which could be interesting for ultrareliable and low-latency communications applications. A discussion of T-CONTs for slicing is also given based on experimental measurements.
Monitoring methane emissions from oil and gas operations‡
Authors: Collins William , Orbach Raymond , Bailey Michelle , Biraud Sebastien , Coddington Ian , DiCarlo David , Peischl Jeff , Radhakrishnan Anuradha , Schimel David
Published: May 2022

The atmospheric concentration of methane has more than doubled since the start of the Industrial Revolution. Methane is the second-most-abundant greenhouse gas created by human activities and a major driver of climate change. This APS-Optica report provides a technical assessment of the current state of monitoring U.S. methane emissions from oil and gas operations, which accounts for roughly 30% of U.S. anthropogenic methane emissions. The report identifies current technological and policy gaps and makes recommendations for the federal government in three key areas: methane emissions detection, reliable and systematized data and models to support mitigation measures, and effective regulation.
Bandgap engineering, monolithic growth, and operation parameters of GaSb-based SESAMs in the 2–2.4 µm range
Authors: Alaydin B. Özgür , Gaulke Marco , Heidrich Jonas , Golling Matthias , Barh Ajanta , Keller Ursula
Published: May 2022

We present the detailed growth and characterization of novel GaSb-based semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) operating in the 2–2.4 µm spectral range. These SESAMs at different wavelengths are bandgap engineered using ternary material compositions and without strain compensation. We observe that even when the thickness of quantum wells (QWs) exceeds the critical thickness we obtain strain relaxed SESAMs that do not substantially increase nonsaturable losses. SESAMs have been fabricated using molecular beam epitaxy with a AlAs0.08Sb0.92/GaSb distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) and strained type-I InxGa1-xSb or type-II W-like AlSb/InAs/GaSb QWs in the absorber region. All the type-I SESAMs show excellent performance, which is suitable for modelocking of diode-pumped semiconductor, ion-doped solid-state, and thin-disk lasers. The recovery time of the type-II SESAM is too long which can be interesting for laser applications. The dependence of the SESAM design, based on its QW number, barrier material, and operation wavelength are investigated. A detailed characterization is conducted to draw conclusions from macroscopic nonlinear and transient absorption properties at different wavelengths in the 2–2.4 µm range for the corresponding devices.
Population and sub-national (district) level diversity in missed and dropout of different doses of hepatitis-B vaccine among Indian children aged 12–59 months
Authors: Khan Junaid , Shil Apurba , Puri Parul
Published: May 2022

Initiating with a birth dose and a full immunization against hepatitis-B is crucial during early childhood in a country like India where maternal screening of hepatitis-B surface antigen is almost negligible and there is a considerable risk of vertical transmission among children. It is also evident that coverage of hepatitis-B is lowest among all other vaccine doses included in the universal immunization program. In addition, the major challenge is posed by the missed and drop-out of different doses of hepatitis-B among Indian children. In this context, this study examined the population and sub-national level diversity in missed and dropout of different doses of hepatitis-B vaccine in India. We analysed a large dataset of 196,654 children aged 12–59 months from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey, the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), 2015–16. Bivariate cross tabulation was used to estimate the prevalence and the dropout rates. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was applied to assess the likelihood of the study events. Within a Bayesian framework, a district-level spatial analysis was conducted employing the Besag-York-Mollie (BYM) Model and the Leroux Model. During 2016, 38% of the children missed the birth dose nationally and 45% of the children did not complete full immunization of hepatitis-B. Findings suggest, presence of socio-economic and demographic gradients in missed and drop-out of different doses of hepatitis-B at national level. The sub-national level spatial analysis identifies more than 280 (out of 640) districts with substantially higher risk (Posterior Median Risk>1) in terms of missed and drop-out of different doses. Most of these districts are scattered across the North-Eastern and Northern part of India. The findings hint the existence of a population and sub-national level diversity in India’s missed out and dropout of hepatitis-B doses. Identifying high risk population sub-groups and the districts with children at higher risk of missing the birth and consecutive doses informs the existing knowledge base and helps in formulating community-oriented policies and programs.
Human brucellosis: Widespread information deficiency hinders an understanding of global disease frequency
Authors: Laine Christopher G. , Scott Harvey M. , Arenas-Gamboa Angela M.
Published: May 2022

Background

For decades, human brucellosis has been recognized worldwide as a significant cause of morbidity, yet the annual incidence of this disease remains unknown. We analyzed this frequency, using international reports (2005–2019), identifying information gaps, and distinguishing a possible path forward.

Methodology/Principal findings

A novel approach to estimating the incidence of this disease was explored. We utilized annual health data extracted from the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)–World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS) database, assessing the dataset completeness and representativeness of the data for the world population. Additionally, we assessed the reported country level human brucellosis case counts and the factors that influenced the observed changes over time. Our analysis revealed incomplete and unrepresentative information, preventing the estimation of annual human brucellosis case incidence at the global level. In the OIE-WAHIS database, only 48.4% of the required reports have been submitted as of 2019, with approximately 47.3% of the world population represented. Additionally, geographic regions were disproportionate in completeness, representativeness, and actual reported case counts. Africa and Asia constituted the majority of reported cases, while simultaneously submitting the lowest percentage of reports as well as covering the lowest percentage of their populations within those reports, when compared to the rest of the world.

Conclusions/Significance

The global annual frequency of human brucellosis cases remains elusive. Furthermore, there exists great heterogeneity in diagnostic, surveillance, and reporting systems worldwide, calling into question the validity of available information. This study reveals that the Neglected Zoonotic Disease priority status for brucellosis should be restored.
Apoptosis like symptoms associated with abortive infection of Mycobacterium smegmatis by mycobacteriophage D29
Authors: Calcuttawala Fatema , Shaw Rahul , Sarbajna Arpita , Dutta Moumita , Sinha Saptarshi , K. Das Gupta Sujoy
Published: May 2022

Mycobacteriophages are phages that infect mycobacteria resulting in their killing. Although lysis is the primary mechanism by which mycobacteriophages cause cell death, others such as abortive infection may also be involved. We took recourse to perform immunofluorescence and electron microscopic studies using mycobacteriophage D29 infected Mycobacterium smegmatis cells to investigate this issue. We could observe the intricate details of the infection process using these techniques such as adsorption, the phage tail penetrating the thick mycolic acid layer, formation of membrane pores, membrane blebbing, and phage release. We observed a significant increase in DNA fragmentation and membrane depolarization using cell-biological techniques symptomatic of programmed cell death (PCD). As Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) systems mediate bacterial PCD, we measured their expression profiles with and without phage infection. Of the three TAs examined, MazEF, VapBC, and phd/doc, we found that in the case of VapBC, a significant decrease in the antitoxin (VapB): toxin (VapC) ratio was observed following phage infection, implying that high VapC may have a role to play in the induction of mycobacterial apoptotic cell death following phage infection. This study indicates that D29 infection causes mycobacteria to undergo morphological and molecular changes that are hallmarks of apoptotic cell death.
Olfactory interference on the emotional processing speed of visual stimuli: The influence of facial expressions intensities
Authors: Ferreira Matheus Henrique , Renovato Tobo Patricia , Barrichello Carla Regina , Gualtieri Mirella
Published: May 2022

Research on olfactory stimulation indicates that it can influence human cognition and behavior, as in the perception of facial expressions. Odors can facilitate or impair the identification of facial expressions, and apparently its hedonic valence plays an important role. However, it was also demonstrated that the presentation of happiness and disgust faces can influence the emotional appraisal of odorants, indicating a bilateral influence in this phenomenon. Hence, it’s possible that odor influences on emotional categorization vary depending on the intensity of expressions. To investigate this hypothesis, we performed an emotion recognition task using facial expressions of five emotional categories (happiness, fear, disgust, anger and sadness) with ten different intensities. Thirty-five participants completed four blocks of the task, each with a different olfactory condition, and we found that odorants’ effects varied according to the facial expressions intensity. Odorants enhanced the Reaction Time (RT) differences between threshold and high-intensity expressions for disgust and fear faces. Also, analysis of the RT means for high-intensity facial expressions revealed that the well-known advantage in recognition of happiness facial expressions, compared to other emotions, was enhanced in the positive olfactory stimulation and decreased in the negative condition. We conclude that olfactory influences on emotional processing of facial expressions vary along intensities of the latter, and the discrepancies of past research in this field may be a result of a bilateral effect in which the odorants influence the identification of emotional faces just as the facial expressions influence the emotional reaction to the odor.
Ensemble model for rail surface defects detection
Authors: Li Hailang , Wang Fan , Liu Junbo , Song Haoran , Hou Zhixiong , Dai Peng
Published: May 2022

The detection of rail surface defects is vital for high-speed rail maintenance and management. The CNN-based computer vision approach has been proved to be a strong detection tool widely used in various industrial scenarios. However, the CNN-based detection models are diverse from each other in performance, and most of them require sufficient training samples to achieve high detection performance. Selecting an appropriate model and tuning it with insufficient annotated rail defect images is time-consuming and tedious. To overcome this challenge, motivated by ensemble learning that uses multiple learning algorithms to obtain better predictive performance, we develop an ensemble framework for industrialized rail defect detection. We apply multiple backbone networks individually to obtain features, and mix them in a binary format to obtain better and more diverse sub-networks. Image augmentation and feature augmentation operations are randomly applied to further make the model more diverse. A shared feature pyramid network is adopted to reduce model parameters as well as computation cost. Experimental results substantiate that the approach outperforms single detecting architecture in our specified rail defect task. On the collected dataset with 8 defect classes, our algorithm achieves 7.4% higher mAP.5 compared with YOLOv5 and 2.8% higher mAP.5 compared with Faster R-CNN.
‘Fake news’, real impact: Changing practices among public broadcasting organizations in the Asia-Pacific region
Authors: De Rycker Antoon , Ponnan Ramachandran , Yang Lai Fong
Published: May 2022

This study is an attempt to understand ‘fake news’ from the unique perspective of public broadcasting organizations in the Asia-Pacific region; the focus is on how – and how well – they have adapted to the growing incidence of various forms of disinformation, and how they see their role in educating diverse audiences about the phenomenon. This research provides public broadcasting organizations and (news) media practitioners with up-to-date, evidence-based insights on how to combat ‘fake news’ and disinformation effectively. In collaboration with the Asia-Pacific Institute for Broadcasting Development, a census survey was conducted among their members, resulting in 57 completed questionnaires, representing 24 public broadcasting organizations in eighteen countries. A major finding is that public broadcasting organizations have to get used to revisiting, revising and refining what it is they do (practices), how it is being done (systems, operating procedures, technologies, financial resources) and by whom (human but also IT resources). The analysis also points up the need for collaboration so that scarce resources can be utilized more efficiently.
Gender, culture and morality: A case study of young people’s negotiations of sexual intimacy online
Authors: Korkmazer Burcu , De Ridder Sander , Van Bauwel Sofie
Published: May 2022

This study adds to the existing literature on mediated sexual intimacy by exploring young people’s negotiations of sexual self-representations online within a culturally diverse sample. We apply a discourse-theoretical analysis to the data gathered using our visual creative methodology consisting of six focus groups with youngsters between the ages of 13 and 20 years old (N = 57). Although the representation of youth in public and academic discourses is often White, gendered and heteronormative, diversity is growing within digital youth cultures. Our analysis shows that this diversity affects the moral negotiations of young people by providing specific understandings of gender in relation to ethnic–cultural and religious identities.
Beyond responsibility? Fair trade and citizenship
Authors: Van der Steen Laurens , Maeseele Pieter
Published: May 2022

The aim of this article is to investigate by means of a qualitative content analysis which models of citizenship emerge from the communication practices of four fair trade organizations: Oxfam-Worldshops, Fairphone, Trade for Development Centre (TDC) and Colruyt. Drawing on discourse theory, three forms of citizenship are distinguished: expanded, communitarian and agonistic. TDC and Colruyt expose the conditions of production in the Global South and encourage the consumption of fair trade products in the Global North (thus reflecting an expanded citizenship). In contrast, Fairphone aims to create a community and encourages members to communicate the alternative, the Fairphone smartphone (thus reflecting communitarian citizenship). Finally, Oxfam-Worldshops emphasizes the conflicts between the interests of farmers and consumers and those of multinational corporations, thereby encouraging citizens to protest unfair trade (thus reflecting agonistic citizenship). We conclude by highlighting the meaning of purchasing fair trade in the different models of citizenship.
The framing of news reports on the Catalonian referendum in two leading British newspapers
Authors: Blanco-Alfonso Ignacio , Tejedor Santiago , Rodríguez-Luque Cristina , Cervi Laura
Published: May 2022

Even though the independence referendum held in 2017 in Catalonia was unsuccessful, the large role of the media together with easy, fast international broadcasting and the fear of a possible mimic effect in other regions made the entire world observe and discuss the event. The purpose of this article is to analyse the media coverage of the referendum in two benchmark British newspapers, The Guardian and The Telegraph. Based on hypotheses that the news coverage regarding the Catalonian referendum might be prone to the dissemination of information according to the editorial position of the newspapers, this research has analysed 188 news pieces by using framing analysis. The first hypothesis, that both newspapers adapted their versions of the story to readers according to the predisposition of the different editorial trends of each newspaper, was not confirmed. The results allow us to conclude that in the news of the benchmark British press regarding the illegal referendum in Catalonia, fair journalistic coverage prevailed.
Entrevistas con creadoras del cine español contemporáneo (‘Interviews with creators of contemporary Spanish cinema: A million things to be done’), Annette Scholz, Elena Oroz, Mar Binimelis-Adell and Marta Álvarez (eds) (2021)
Authors: Tassier Anna Fonoll
Published: May 2022

Review of: Entrevistas con creadoras del cine español contemporáneo (‘Interviews with creators of contemporary Spanish cinema: A million things to be done’), Annette Scholz, Elena Oroz, Mar Binimelis-Adell and Marta Álvarez (eds) (2021)

Berlin: Peter Lang, 346 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-63180-795-8, h/bk, €60.03

ISBN 978-3-63185-073-2, e-book, €67.88
Representaciones como sistemas
Authors: Céspedes Esteban
Published: May 2022

Uno de los problemas señalados habitualmente para criticar distintas formas de representacionalismo es la dificultad encontrar definiciones que no sean semánticas ni realistas en un sentido simple. El presente trabajo aborda esta clase de críticas desde un punto de vista contextualista, asumiendo los aspectos semánticos necesarios para un concepto de representación, pero mostrando que las relaciones semánticas de representación no deben ser estáticas, ni estrictamente referenciales en un sentido clásico y realista. Dos distinciones son cruciales para nuestra propuesta: Por un lado, tenemos la distinción entre sistemas cerrados y abiertos; por otro, una distinción tripartita entre representaciones estructurales, informacionales y semánticas. Con esto, entendemos las representaciones en términos de variaciones asimétricas entre modelos contextuales.
Uma alternativa contrafactual ao paradoxo ‘grue’
Authors: Arruda Renata
Published: May 2022

Na análise do filósofo Frank Jackson acerca do novo ‘enigma’ da indução de Nelson Goodman, uma crítica é suscitada com relação à própria definição que Goodman oferece para o predicado que lhe dá origem: o predicado grue / verdul. Como este se aplica a coisas observadas até certo momento e verdes, ou a coisas não-observadas e azuis, Jackson defende que essa definição pressupõe uma associação ilegítima entre certas propriedades. Jackson apresenta sua solução afirmando que esmeraldas verduis não existem, na medida em que uma esmeralda futura só poderá ser azul enquanto ela não for examinada. Essa saída está fundamentada na aceitação de condições contrafactuais sob as quais realizamos certos tipos de inferências. Nesse sentido, Jackson acusa Goodman de não abordar com precisão o modo como avaliamos as circunstâncias em que determinados eventos ocorrem, na medida em que elas favoreçam ou não a manifestação de certas propriedades que os objetos possam vir a apresentar. O objetivo aqui será o de mostrar como Jackson fundamenta nossas inferências indutivas na nossa avaliação das condições que as tornam válidas, e sua crítica à ideia de que a projetabilidade dependa de características de certos predicados, como defende Goodman.
Growth Performance and Cost Benefits of Broilers Fed Diets Containing Ipomoea asarifolia Leaf Meal
Authors: Leonard Ugwuowo Chidi , Charles Osita Onochie , Caleb Ezeano Ike , Esther Chukwkuka Chiemelie
Published: May 2022

This experiment was conducted to determine growth performance and cost benefit of including cooked Ipomoea asarifolia leaf meal (CIALM) in broiler diets. Eight diets were compounded by including Ipomoea asarifolia leaf meal at 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5% to form T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively of both starter and finisher diets. One hundred and twenty broiler birds were used in a Complete Randomized Design experiment that lasted for eight weeks.Â  Daily feed intake and weekly weight gain were measured. Average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, total feed consumed, feed conversion ratio and cost benefit parameters were calculated. In starter phase results showed that there were significant differences (P0.05) between treatment means in all the parameters except initial weight of the birds. There were significant differences (p0.05) between treatment means in all the parameters measured during the finisher phase including the cost analysis parameters except that feed cost decreasing with increasing levels of CIALM and net profit decreased from T1 to T4 because of the decrease in total weight gain from T1 to T4. Final weight gain, total weight gain, average daily feed intake, total feed intake, average daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, feed cost and feed cost per kg weight gain all decreased with increasing levels of CIALM. Results control diet performed better than other treatment diets which suggest that lower levels of inclusion that is less than 2.5% may give positive results.
Análisis de sentimiento de tweets sobre la vacuna contra el COVID-19 en países iberoamericanos hispanohablantes
Authors:   Universidad de Concepción, Chile, Salcedo Lagos Pedro Antonio , Kotz Grabole Gabriela Emilce ,   Universidad de Concepción, Chile, Vergara Espinoza Carla Michele ,   Universidad de Concepción, Chile, Sánchez-Hechavarría Miguel Enrique ,   Universidad de Concepción, Chile,   Universidad Adventista de Chile
Published: May 2022

Introducción: En este estudio se evalúa la emocionalidad asociada a la vacunación contra el COVID-19 a partir de la técnica de análisis de sentimientos de los tweets en países iberoamericanos hispanohablantes. Método: En enero de 2021 se realizó un estudio mixto observacional transversal de 41 023 tweets procedentes de nueve países iberoamericanos hispanohablantes (Chile, El Salvador, Venezuela, Ecuador, Argentina, México, Panamá, Perú y España) con una fase cuantitativa y técnicas de análisis de sentimientos mediante algoritmos de inteligencia artificial y una fase cualitativa donde se realizó un análisis del discurso de los tweets cuya emocionalidad era en extremo positiva y negativa. Resultados: A partir del análisis de sentimiento de los tweets, se observó que los países presentan una emocionalidad negativa asociada a la vacunación contra el COVID-19, que se podría atribuir a la desconfianza hacia las autoridades y a la eficacia o seguridad de las vacunas, según el análisis del discurso en los tweets de emocionalidad en extremo negativa. Conclusiones: Las técnicas de análisis de sentimientos en combinación con el análisis del discurso de la emocionalidad extrema posibilitaron la monitorización de las opiniones negativas y sus posibles factores asociados en la vacunación contra el COVID-19 en los países iberoamericanos estudiados.
Consumo político: estrategias de comunicaciónbasadas en el voto ideológico y de rendimiento
Authors:   Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia, Borja-Orozco Henry
Published: May 2022

Introducción: Desde el consumo político, las estrategias de comunicación en cam-pañas electorales muestran la importancia de estudiar los mensajes que se propagan a través de distintos medios digitales y sociales con el propósito de influir en la opinión pública para obtener un mayor número de votos. Por lo mismo, es relevante identificar y analizar las estra-tegias comunicativas racionales y emotivas presentes en los mensajes de campañas electorales que se relacionan con el denominado voto ideológico o de rendimiento. Método: Se realizó un estudio lingüístico descriptivo comparativo de los contenidos publicados por 15 candidatos políticos a elecciones territoriales (2019) de cinco ciudades principales de Colombia, en la red digital Twitter. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que los candidatos políticos comparten el uso de 20 estrategias comunicativas racionales y dos emotivas. No obstante, son los candidatos electos quienes hacen más énfasis en el discurso racional y emotivo en contexto sociopolítico. Conclusiones: El discurso de los candidatos políticos elegidos como alcaldes se distingue por el uso de estrategias comunicativas racionales centradas en el bienestar social con un tono emo-cional positivo, lo cual desvela que las propuestas electorales ganadoras usaron estrategias de comunicación orientadas a la obtención de un voto por rendimiento más que ideológico.
Adaptation and evidence of validity of the corporate ethical virtues scale in Brazil: A measure of ethical culture in organisations
Authors:   Universidade de Brasília, Brasil, Mesquita Resende Marília , Barreiros Porto Juliana ,   Universidade de Brasília, Brasil, Gracia Francisco J. ,   Universitat de València, España, Tomás Inés ,   Universitat de València, España
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Ethical culture stands out as an important variable in comprehending ethical norms and ethical behaviour at work. The Corporate Ethical Virtues (CEV) Scale is a widely used measure of ethical culture in organisations. This study aimed to adapt and validate the CEV Scale to a Brazilian context. Method. In Study 1 (n = 1.219), the CEV Scale was trans-lated and adapted, the reliability and the internal structure were tested and the discriminant validity of ethical climate measures was demonstrated. In Study 2 (n = 635), measurement invariance in two groups was demonstrated, and there was evidence of validity based on the relationships with related constructs. Results. The results indicated that the Brazilian ver-sion of the CEV Scale showed reasonable psychometric properties and provided evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion. This measure can be used by managers and consultants to diagnose ethical organisational culture.
Ambiente matemático de niños y niñas chilenos: Factores que explican las actividades matemáticas en el hogar
Authors:   Duoc UC, Chile, García de Magalhaes-calvet Bernardita , Susperreguy María Inés ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile, del Río M. Francisca ,   Universidad Diego Portales, Chile., Salinas Viviana ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
Published: May 2022

Introducción: el estudio analizó (a) las diferencias entre madres y padres en sus actividades matemáticas en el hogar y en otros factores del ambiente matemático (actitudes, ansiedad, creencias y expectativas matemáticas) y (b) la asociación entre los factores del ambiente matemático y las actividades matemáticas en el hogar. Método: participaron 266 familias de niños y niñas chilenos de primer a tercer grado de primaria (edad promedio = 93.35 meses, DE = 11.45 meses). Ambos padres contestaron un cuestionario sobre matemáticas en el hogar. Resultados: las madres reportaron realizar actividades matemáticas con mayor frecuencia que los padres. Análisis de ecuaciones estructurales mostraron que las actividades matemáticas realizadas por los padres se relacionaron con sus creencias, actitudes y expectativas matemáticas; mientras que las de las madres se relacionaron con sus creencias, actitudes y género de los niños. Conclusiones: los hallazgos aportan a la comprensión del ambiente matemático en el hogar.
Procesos de argumentación y demostración en un grupo de alumnos de ingeniería.
Authors: Rojas Álvarez Carlos Javier
Published: May 2022

El objeto de este estudio es determinar la evolución de los alumnos en el proceso de la argumentación deductiva, a través de la geometría, y compararla con los procesos de demostración. La metodología consistió en aplicar dos reglas de inferencia: afirmación del antecedente y negación del consecuente, en la argumentación de las respuestas a los problemas de respuesta corta, como alternativa a la demostración deductiva. La estrategia se aplicó a 37 alumnos nuevos de ingenierías en el primer período académico del 2006. El proceso se utilizó durante 10 semanas de tres horas cada una. Se escogió como instrumento de evaluación el primero y segundo parciales y como modelo de decisión estadística la comparación de proporciones o porcentajes. Los resultados indican que: hubo una mejoría en la argumentación entre el primero y el segundo parciales con un nivel de significancia de á = 0.07; en el segundo parcial, a los alumnos les cuesta más aplicar la regla de la negación del consecuente que la afirmación del antecedente con un nivel de significancia de á = 0.01 y, por último, en el segundo parcial se encontró que a los alumnos les cuesta más demostrar que argumentar con un nivel de significancia de á = 0.01.
A multimedia material for effective transcultural learning.
Authors: Mizuno Jorge , Jánica Diana , Rey Lourdes , Rosado Nayibe
Published: May 2022

The aim of this paper is to present the results of a research, which analyzed the characteristics of a multimedia material that could actually be related to transcultural learning for level 7 students at the Language Institute, Universidad del Norte (Barranquilla, Colombia). A qualitative approach with a case study design (level 7 of English in the undergraduate program) was used to accomplish the objectives of the research. The techniques utilized were class observations, surveys and interviews to students and professors, and document analysis.
Teaching and learning crossroads
Authors: García Castañeda María Guadalupe , Figueroa Juris Mahela Sofía
Published: May 2022

En este trabajo se describe una investigación evaluativa cuya meta fue averiguar los estilos de aprendizajes de los estudiantes y del profesor y verificar si el estilo de enseñanza de este último coincidía con los estilos de aprendizajes de los estudiante para determinar si el aprendizaje y la motivación están presentes cuando existe una coincidencia entre los estilos de aprendizaje y enseñanza Se tomó como muestra un grupo de Inglés Uno conformado por 32 estudiantes y su profesor que pertenecen a una universidad privada localizada en la costa norte de Colombia. Para recolectar información sobre los cuestionamientos de esta búsqueda, al grupo se le aplicaron diversos instrumentos. Analizados los resultados se encontró que el estilo de aprendizaje más representativo fue el Táctil, seguido por el Auditivo y Kinestésico. Este hallazgo no es similar a ningún otro encontrado en este campo. Hubo coincidencia entre los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes y el estilo de enseñanza del profesor. También se confirmó que cuando existe una relación entre estos estilos la motivación está presente.
Diseño de ambientes virtuales de enseñanza aprendizaje y sistemas hipermedia adaptativos basados en modelos de estilos de aprendizaje
Authors: Fontalvo Heidy , Iriarte Díaz-Granados Fernando Segundo , Domínguez Eulises , Ricardo Carmen , Ballesteros Blessed , Muñoz Ventura , Campo José David
Published: May 2022

Este documento es el resultado de una revisión teórica de los diferentes modelos e investigaciones realizadas en torno al concepto de los estilos de aprendizaje y su intervención en el desarrollo de ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje. En un primer momento se presenta una breve reseña del surgimiento de los estilos de aprendizaje a nivel teórico, se describen sus principales autores, modelos, y las categorías que los conforman. Posteriormente se presentan los diferentes estudios realizados a partir del uso de diversos modelos en el diseño y evaluación de ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje, así como de sistemas hipermedia adaptativos. Al final del documento se describen los avances del proyecto que se ha venido desarrollando en la Universidad del Norte (Barranquilla, Colombia), el cual pretende establecer los efectos de un modelo de enseñanza virtual centrado en los estilos de aprendizaje en el desempeño académico de un grupo de estudiantes universitarios.
O diálogo como estratégia das ações educativas no hospital: o pedagogo hospitalar e alguns saberes e fazeres
Authors: Tomasini Ricardo
Published: May 2022

Com base nas teorias da educação e da saúde, busca-se construir diálogos entre teorias e práticas, motivando e valorizando a participação do leitor com questionamentos relativos às práticas educativas e pedagógicas. Expõem-se brevemente relatos de experiências no estágio realizado no Hospital Universitário Evangélico de Curitiba, na interação discente do curso de especialização em pedagogia hospitalar com o projeto de intervenção pedagógica através de ações lúdicas. Busca-se ainda, articulação com os conteúdos teóricos da disciplina de práticas pedagógicas realizada no mestrado em educação. Mais do que uma reflexão teórica, pretende-se estabelecer um diálogo entre a prática anterior e o mestrado, as teorias e autores estudados neste, em uma tentativa de levantar questionamentos relevantes a todos profissionais da educação e da saúde, com o intuito iniciar novas reflexões sobre a práxis pedagógica.
Concepciones de las alumnas de licenciatura en Pedagogía Infantil acerca de los polígonos.
Authors: Rojas Álvarez Carlos Javier
Published: May 2022

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo la descripción de las concepciones que tienen las alumnas de primer semestre de Licenciatura en Pedagogía Infantil acerca de los polígonos. El estudio fue de carácter descriptivo, realizado a 52 alumnas del primer semestre de Licenciatura en Pedagogía Infantil durante los años 2005 y 2006. Se encontró, por ejemplo, que 32 de 52 alumnas (el 61,53%) diferencian un pentágono de un triángulo argumentando correctamente su respuesta, por lo que dicho porcentaje se encuentra en el nivel 2 de razonamiento geométrico según Van Hiele. También se encontró que 15 de 23 alumnas (el 65,21%) identifican un cuadrilátero cóncavo como cuadrilátero argumentado correctamente su respuesta.
Uso de los errores matemáticos como dispositivo didáctico para generar aprendizaje de la racionalización de radicales de tercer orden.
Authors: Escudero Rafael
Published: May 2022

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la investigación “Uso de los errores matemáticos para generar aprendizaje de la racionalización de radicales de tercer orden”. Para ello se utilizó un diseño cuasi experimental con grupo de control y experimental con aplicación de pretest y postest. La hipótesis nula o de investigación planteada fue: “No existe diferencia significativa entre el aprendizaje de los estudiantes que utilizan sus errores como fuentes de conocimientos versus el aprendizaje de los estudiantes que no utilizan sus errores como fuentes de conocimiento”. Se encontró que hubo diferencia significativa entre el grupo experimental y el grupo de control con un nivel de significancia del 95%. Por lo tanto, los estudiantes que utilizaron sus errores como fuentes de conocimientos, aprendieron a racionalizar radicales de tercer orden significativamente mejor que los estudiantes que no utilizaron sus errores como fuente de conocimiento.
Compasión y solidaridad política desde la educación
Authors: Suárez González Javier Roberto
Published: May 2022

Este artículo propone el análisis de una serie de categorías que, vistas desde la filosofía de la educación, se constituyen en un referente para mirar nuevas alternativas de humanización de la especie humana a la luz de las tareas y acciones de la educación. Se trata de poner en escena los sentimientos morales de la compasión y la solidaridad política como puntos cardinales para abordar una nueva perspectiva ética de la actividad educadora: se trata de pasar del principio de justicia, como fundamento clave del trabajo moral, hacia el principio del cuidado, como artífice de prácticas educativas más inclusivas y tolerantes.
Conceptualización acerca del perímetro, área y volumen en tres alumnos universitarios.
Authors: Manotas Mercado Marelly , Rojas Álvarez Carlos Javier
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la conceptualización que tienen tres alumnos acerca del perímetro, área y volumen para determinar en qué estadio del desarrollo de la comprensión del proceso de medida, según Piaget, se encuentra cada uno de estos estudiantes. Se aplicó un cuestionario, en el primer semestre académico del 2007, a un grupo de alumnos de segundo semestre de Diseño Industrial. Los tres alumnos se seleccionaron porque presentaron dificultades en la comprensión de los temas tratados en la asignatura de Cálculo. Se encontró que los sujetos estudiados no se encuentran en el estadio superior de desarrollo de comprensión de la medida; esto es un obstáculo para la solución de problemas de cálculo, relacionados con perímetro, área y volumen.
La enseñanza desde la reflexión económica pedagógica: Un punto de partida.
Authors: Miranda Morales Juan Carlos
Published: May 2022

Se presentan los argumentos sobre la gran resistencia de la comunidad educativa cuando se trata de relacionar la economía con la educación o de hacer lecturas de la educación desde la reflexión económica; así mismo, se establece que dicha resistencia ha disminuido recientemente entre los investigadores, sobre todo aquellos con horizontes educativos más holísticos en los que se incluye a la economía como una disciplina integrada a este campo del saber.
Los niños y los otros. Dos estudios de caso acerca del imaginario y la diferencia
Authors: Turrent Cortés Jimena , Villaseñor Ferrer María De carmen
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer lo imaginario del otro que tienen los niños de dos escuelas con sistema pedagógico alternativo (Freinet y Montessori) de la Ciudad de México. Se partió de los conceptos teóricos de diferencia (caracterización), otredad (contextualización) y alteridad para construir las etapas de acercamiento del imaginario. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de grupos de discusión en los que se implementaron diversas herramientas metodológicas como la clasificación de fotografías y la lluvia de ideas. Luego del análisis de los datos se concluyó que la escuela tiene una influencia importante en la construcción de las imágenes mentales que tienen los niños sobre la diferencia y la otredad y que la experiencia directa permite un mayor acercamiento a la otredad. A partir del análisis concluimos que debido a la naturaleza de los sistemas Montessori y Freinet lo imaginario de los niños de ambas escuelas se ubica en la diferencia y se acerca a la otredad.