bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In horses with trigeminal-mediated headshaking, is neuromodulation with EquiPENS™ more effective than with electroacupuncture?
Authors: Hindmarsh Jennifer
Published: January 2021

PICO question

In horses diagnosed with trigeminal-mediated headshaking, is EquiPENS™ therapy more efficacious when compared to electroacupuncture in terms of remission of clinical signs?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Treatment

The number and type of study designs reviewed

Three papers were critically reviewed, all three were descriptive case series

Strength of evidence

Weak

Outcomes reported

Remission was achieved following both EquiPENS™ and electroacupuncture therapy in a proportion of horses for variable lengths of time. Median remission times appear to be longer with repeated treatment of EquiPENS™ compared to electroacupuncture

Conclusion

The evidence for EquiPENS™ treatment is more robust than for electroacupuncture, and remission defined more clearly, and so could be recommended with greater confidence

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Analisis kondisi fisik menggunakan software Kinovea pada atlet taekwondo Dojang Mahameru Surakarta
Authors: Jariono Gatot , Subekti Nur , Indarto Pungki , Hendarto Singgih , Nugroho Haris , Fachrezzy Fahmy
Published: January 2021

[Bahasa]: Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan berdasarkan hasil diskusi dengan pengurus, dan pelatih taekwondo sebagai mitra tentang kendala-kedala yang dialami dalam mengevaluasi performa atlet. Berdasarkan fenomena situasi seperti ini peneliti sekaligus sebagai pengabdi memberikan alternatif berupa solusi salah satunya aplikasi Kinovea digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kondisi fisik atlet. Aplikasi Kinovea merupakan perangkat lunak atau software sebagai alat bantu untuk menganalisis video kondisi fisik. Software Kinovea berfungsi untuk memperlambat video latihan, sehingga hasil dari latihan dapat direkam dan diamati hasilnya. Penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada pengurus, pelatih dan atlet taekwondo pada Dojang Mahameru Surakarta tentang pemanfaatan software Kinovea untuk menganalisis kondisi atlet baik sebelum latihan maupun setelah latihan. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah dokumentasi, interview, dan pengamatan. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam kegiatan ini, pengurus dan pelatih memperoleh pemahaman dalam menggunakan software Kinovea untuk mengevaluasi kelemahan kondisi fisik atlet taekwondo di Dojang Mahameru Surakarta.

Kata Kunci: kondisi fisik atlet,, software Kinovea, taekwondo

[English]: This community service was based on the results of discussions with the board and taekwondo coaches as partners about the obstacles experienced in evaluating athletes' performance. Based on the situation, we suggested the Kinovea application, which can be used to evaluate athletes' physical condition. It is software to analyze videos of physical condition. The software serves to slow down the training video so that the exercises' results can be recorded and observed. This research and community service aims to provide understanding to the management, coaches, and taekwondo athletes at Dojang Mahameru Surakarta about the use of Kinovea software to analyze the condition of athletes both before training and after training. The data were collected through documentation, interviews, and observations. The results showed that administrators and coaches gained an understanding of using the software to evaluate the weakness of the physical condition of taekwondo athletes in Dojang Mahameru Surakarta.

Keywords: physical condition, Kinovea software, taekwondo
Membangun moderasi beragama di Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur’an dengan parenting wasathiyah dan perpustakaan Qur’ani
Authors: Afwadzi Benny
Published: January 2021

[Bahasa]: Persoalan radikalisme dan terorisme di Indonesia sudah sangat nampak kian berbahaya. Bahkan, aksi tersebut sudah menyeret anak-anak di dalamnya. Misalnya saja bom bunuh diri di tiga gereja Surabaya pada tahun 2018 silam yang juga melibatkan empat orang anak yang notebenenya masih sekolah, bahkan yang menyedihkan dua diantaranya masih berada pada tingkatan Sekolah Dasar. Pengabdian ini berupaya untuk turut berkontribusi dalam menyelesaikan persoalan tersebut dengan bentuk pengabdian di lembaga pendidikan dasar Islam, yakni Taman Pendidikan al-Qur’an (TPQ) dengan kerangka besar moderasi beragama. Kegiatan yang dijalankan ada dua, yakni parenting yang bernuansa wasathiyah dan perpustakaan Qur’ani. Dengan metode  Participatory Action Research (PAR) dan dilaksanakan dalam jangka waktu tiga bulan, yaitu Juli sampai September 2020, pengabdi sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa dua kegiatan tersebut cukup bisa membangun pemahaman keagamaan masyarakat TPQ menjadi lebih moderat, atau paling tidak, bisa lebih memperkuat moderasi beragama yang sudah mereka yakini. Mereka menyadari bahwa harus adanya kecintaan terhadap Indonesia dan adanya kesadaran bahwa perbuatan radikalisme dan terorisme merupakan perbuatan yang keji. Meskipun demikian, pengabdi menyadari bahwa perlu waktu yang jauh lebih lama untuk bisa merubah pemahaman ke arah yang benar-benar moderat.

Kata Kunci: moderasi; parenting wasathiyah; perpustakaan; Taman Pendidikan al-Qur’an

[English]: The problems of radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia have become increasingly dangerous. The actions have already dragged children into it. For example, the suicide bombing in three churches in Surabaya in 2018 involved four schoolchildren; sadly, two of them were still at the elementary school level. This community service program seeks to resolve these problems by implementing religious moderation in Taman Pendidikan al-Qur’an (TPQ). The program comprised two activities; parenting with wasathiyah nuances and the Qur'anic library and applied Participatory Action Research (PAR). It was implemented within a period of three months, from July to September 2020. The results show that both programs are able to construct a moderate religious understanding of the TPQ community, or at the very least, reinforce the existing religious moderation they already have. They realized that people must love their homeland (Indonesia) and that radicalism and terrorism are heinous. Nonetheless, it will take much longer to change their understanding into a truly moderate one.

Keywords: moderation; parenting wasathiyah; library; Taman Pendidikan al-Qur’an
Gerakan komunitas aceh go open source sebagai upaya pengendalian produk halal berbasis teknologi informasi pada Madrasah Aliyah Banda Aceh dan Aceh Besar
Authors: Prajana Andika , AR Khairan , Ahmadian Hendri , Mizuardy Hendy
Published: January 2021

[Bahasa]: Penggunaan perangkat lunak bajakan menjadi budaya baru di kalangan anak muda Indonesia khususnya pelajar-pelajar yang berada di bawah naungan Kementerian Agama mulai dari tingkat Raudhatul Athfal (RA) sampai Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri (PTKIN). Peneliti menemukan suatu masalah yang dihadapi kalangan remaja atau pelajar yaitu kurangnya pengetahuan terhadap teknologi, kurangnya pengetahuan terhadap aspek hukum dan nilai-nilai keislaman. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara kegiatan pengabdian, sosialisasi dan pembentukan komunitas Aceh Go Open Source di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN)/swasta di Kabupaten Aceh Besar dan Kota Banda Aceh. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Knowledge Sharing sebagai proses pengkomunikasian dan pertukaran pengetahuan dari satu individu ke pada individu. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pengabdian berbasis riset ini adalah terbentuknya komunitas kalangan remaja. Selanjutnya efektifitas community leader, organization structure, religious, social trust, share vision tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap knowlege sharing. Sedangkan individual motivation sangat berpengaruh terhadap knowledge sharing yang mengindikasikan bahwa motivasi personal menjadi dorongan utama terbentuknya Komunitas Aceh Go Open source ini.

Kata Kunci: open source, knowledge sharing, komunitas

[English]: The use of pirated software has become a new culture among Indonesian youth, especially students under the Ministry of Religion Affairs' auspices, from primary levels to higher education. We found a problem faced by adolescents or students, namely a lack of knowledge of technology, legal aspects, and Islamic values. This research was conducted in the form of community service activities, socialization, and the formation of the Aceh Go Open Source community at Madrasah Aliyah in Aceh Besar District and Banda Aceh City. The method used was Knowledge Sharing as a process of communicating and exchanging knowledge from one individual to another. The results of this community services-based research are the formation of a community among adolescents. The community leaders, organization structures, religious, social trust, share vision do not influence knowledge sharing. Meanwhile, individual motivation is very influential on knowledge sharing, which indicates that personal motivation is the main driver for forming the Aceh Go Open Source Community.

Keywords: open source, knowledge sharing, community
Pelatihan dasar menulis bagi guru madrasah Aliyah At-Tamimy Praya di Lombok Tengah
Authors: Umami Sri Sofiati
Published: January 2021

[Bahasa]: Kemajuan sebuah bangsa salah satunya ditentukan oleh kualitas sistem pendidikannya. Untuk memajukan sistem pendidikan dibutuhkan sumber daya manusia yaitu guru yang kompeten. Aktivitas menulis dapat mendukung pengembangan kemampuan akademik dan karier profesi guru. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melatih para guru madrasah mengenai teknik dasar menulis sehingga diharapkan setelah mengikuti kegiatan ini, para guru memiliki kesadaran untuk mengembangkan karier profesi guru melalui aktivitas menulis. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Madrasah Aliyah Swasta At-tamimy, Praya, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Metode pengabdian masyarakat menggunakan pendekatan pelatihan yang bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dasar para guru dalam mencari literatur dan menulis kerangka tulisan. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah para guru telah memiliki keterampilan dalam literasi referensi secara daring sebagai bahan rujukan dalam menulis. Para guru masih belum mampu menyusun kerangka tulisan dengan baik. Pelatihan menulis berkelanjutan perlu terus dilakukan agar para guru termotivasi dan memiliki keterampilan untuk mengembangkan karier profesi melalui kegiatan menulis.

Kata Kunci: menulis, guru madrasah, karya ilmiah

[English]: The quality of its education system determines the progress of a nation. Human resources, qualified teachers, are essential to improve the education system. Writing activities can support the development of academic skills and professional careers for teachers. This community service aimed to train teachers of a madrasah in basic writing techniques then after participating in this activity, it is expected that the teachers will have the awareness to develop professional teaching careers through writing activities. This activity was carried out at At-Tamimy Madrasah Aliyah, Praya, Central Lombok Regency. The community service method used a training approach to increase teachers' basic knowledge and skills in searching for literature and writing written frameworks. This activity showed that the teachers have skills in online reference literacy as reference material in writing. However, teachers are still not able to develop a good writing framework. Continuous writing training needs to be carried out to be motivated and have the skills to create professional careers through writing activities.

Keywords: writing activities, teacher of the madrasah,  scientific paper
Pelatihan pembuatan alat deteksi sederhana boraks dan formalin
Authors: Supardan Dadan
Published: January 2021

[Bahasa]: Salah satu masalah kesehatan di Indonesia adalah rendahnya kesadaran para pedagang makanan kecil tentang keamanan pangan. Penggunaan bahan pengawet berbahaya yang tidak diperuntukan untuk makanan seperti boraks dan formalin masih banyak digunakan. Masyarakat memiliki peran penting untuk turut mengawasi peredaran makanan yang diduga mengandung pengawet berupa boraks dan formalin. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah mengedukasi masyarakat mengenai bahan kimia berbahaya yang digunakan untuk pengawet makanan dan melatih masyarakat untuk membuat alat deteksi sederhana boraks dan formalin menggunakan bahan yang murah, mudah dengan hasil yang cukup akurat secara kualitatif.  Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan laboratorium yang akan dilakukan dengan serangkaian percobaan. Bahan yang digunakan antara lain kunyit, tusuk gigi, kalium permanganat, dan kertas saring. Sampel makanan yang dianalisis pada kegiatan ini adalah mie kuning basah dan bakso yang diambil secara acak di pedagang pasar pagesangan di Kota Mataram. Hasil dari pengabdian ini yaitu masyarakat menjadi teredukasi mengenai bahan kimia berbahaya yang masih digunakan masyarakat sebagai pengawet dan masyarakat mampu membuat alat deteksi boraks dan formalin sederhana pada makanan.

Kata Kunci: boraks, formalin, makanan pasar, pengawet makanan

[English]: One of the health problems in Indonesia is the low awareness of food sellers about food safety. Hazardous preservatives that are not intended for food, such as borax and formalin, are still widely used. The community has a vital role in supervising the circulation of food suspected of containing the preservatives. This community service aims to educate people about hazardous chemicals used for food preservatives and train them to make a simple detection tool for borax and formalin using cheap materials with reasonably accurate results. The method used is an experimental method with a laboratory approach carried out with a series of experiments. The materials used include turmeric, toothpicks, potassium permanganate, and filter paper. The food samples analyzed in this activity were wet yellow noodles and meatballs taken randomly at Pagesangan market in Mataram City. This program's result is that the people get educated about dangerous chemicals still used by the sellers as preservatives and can make the simple borax and formalin detection tool. 

Keywords: borax, formalin, street food, food aditives
Public policies for education of/in the field and the school environment in a settlement of the MST: the intimate relationship with the pedagogical policy
Authors: Silva Luciene Rocha , Santos Arlete Ramos dos , Santos Igor Tairone Ramos dos
Published: January 2021

This article is the result of a research that aimed to analyze the physical environment of a school in an area of agrarian reform settlement, according to what the school architecture proposes. The method used was Historical Dialectical Materialism due to its analysis principles that depart from the universal to the singular, verifying the empirical data that are presented globally in order to make relations, enable interconnections and establish multiple determinations to explain the real object studied. The methodology used to carry out this work was exploratory research, due to its flexibility and possibilities of deepening the various bibliographic research indications and other references for the theoretical support of this document. The conclusion of the analyzes points to the distancing of public policies for Rural Education, as well as the lack of interaction between the physical environment and the school's pedagogical policy, due to signs of inadequacy of the school's physical structure in relation to the work proposal educational system developed at school.
Autonomy and education in Immanuel Kant
Authors: Nascimento Victor Wladimir Cerqueira
Published: January 2021

The principles of Kantian pedagogy are deeply rooted in educational thinking. Although many educators and philosophers did not fully embrace their pedagogical conception, the principles and notions served on a large scale as a toolbox for different names such as Piaget, Kohlberg, Adorno, Habermas, etc. In this sense, Kantian pedagogy is a source of inexhaustible revisiting and critical reflection. The relationship between education and autonomy in Kant is the foundation of educational thinking in modern times. In view of the critique of modern values established by postmodernity, it is necessary to analyze this relationship in Kant's pedagogical conception, its articulation and foundations.
Expression of Recombinant Human Glucocerebrosidase Protein in Sunflowers
Authors: Et al. Al-Dallee
Published: January 2021

Molecular farming has become one of the most significant implementations of modern biotechnology to generate modified plant crops to produce medicinal proteins. Agrobacterium is one plant genetic engineering tool that integrates genes of interest inside a host plant.  In recent years, the need to produce recombinant proteins as therapeutics has growing rapidly, and human glucocerebrosidase is one of the proteins that is need to treat disease. In this study, specific primers were designed to amplify Hu-GBA1 gene from constructed pGEM-GBA plasmid which was cloned into the plant expression vector pCAMBIA1304. The generated recombinant pCAMBIA1304-GBA plasmid was used to transform A. tumefaciens LBA4404 and applied for transformation of sunflower cotyledon explants. Colony PCR technique was used to confirm the presence of Hu-GBA1 gene in transformed A. tumefaciens. Agrobacterium containing pCAMBIA1304-GBA was suspended in Infection Medium (IM) supplement with 200 mM acetosyringone. A bacterial suspension was used to transform sunflower cotyledons. After infection, cotyledons were co-cultivated in Co-cultivation medium (CCM), supplied with 200 mM acetosyringone without antibiotics. The cotyledons were then transferred to selection media containing 7.5 mg/L Hygromycin and 250 mg/L Cefotaxime and grown for additional 14 days at 25℃ in photoperiod of  16h L/8h D. The transformed sunflower cotyledons were successfully generated complete plant with used 6-Benzylaminopurine and Naphthalene acetic acid as growth hormones. The presence of the Hu-GBA1 gene in the genomic DNA of transgenic sunflower plant was proven by PCR as a band of 1561bp size. The GBA mRNA expression in modified sunflowers was detected by qRT-PCR compared with control GBA mRNA. Enzyme Linked Immunoassay was done on crude recombinant protein that extracted from transformed sunflower using Human Glucosylceramide ELISA Kit, the Elisa test results confirmed the production of recombinant glucocerebrosidase and the concentration of crude recombinant enzyme extracted from transformed sunflower with GBA1 gene was 0.45 ng/µl
The Influence of Borrowers' Language Features on P2P Lending
Authors: Ma Zhengwei , Zhang Dan
Published: January 2021

Under the background of the reshuffle of the P2P market in China, this paper investigates the influence of four borrower's language features on their funding and default rate based on language function theories. In our study, we use a logistic regression model and the empirical results show that: the more redundant the borrower's language expression is, the more open and objective the content is, and the more attention is paid to the punctuation details, the easier it is to obtain the loan successfully. When the borrower's description is more redundant and more attention is paid to the punctuation details, the probability of default would become lower. Taking the education level into consideration, we find that the negative relating effect between the description redundancy and the default rate would be lower with the increase of the borrower’s education level. Therefore, we can conclude that the four linguistic features of borrowers which are defined in this paper can alleviate the information asymmetry problem of P2P lending to some extent and the borrower's linguistic features can be included into the risk control system.
DNA Methylation Landscape of 16 Canine Somatic Tissues by Methylation-Sensitive Restriction Enzyme-Based Next Generation Sequencing
Authors: Yamazaki Jumpei , Matsumoto Yuki , Jelinek Jaroslav , Ishizaki Teita , Maeda Shingo , Watanabe Kei , Ishihara Genki , Yamagishi Junya , Takiguchi Mitsuyoshi
Published: January 2021

Background: DNA methylation plays important functions in gene expression regulation that is involved in individual development and various diseases. DNA methylation has been well studied in human and model organisms, but only limited data exist in companion animals like dog. Results: Using methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme-based next generation sequencing (Canine DREAM), we obtained canine DNA methylation maps from 16 somatic tissues. In total, we evaluated 130,861 CpG sites. The majority of CpG sites were either highly methylated (>70%, 52.5%-64.6% of all CpG sites analyzed) or unmethylated (<30%, 22.5%-28.0% of all CpG sites analyzed) which are methylation patterns similar to other species. The overall methylation status of CpG sites across the 32 methylomes were remarkably similar. However, the tissue types were clearly defined by principle component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis with DNA methylome. We found 6416 CpG sites located closely at promoter region of genes and inverse correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression of these genes. Conclusions: Our study provides basic dataset for DNA methylation profiles in dogs.
Anatomy Education Environment Measurement Inventory (AEEMI): A cross-validation study in Malaysian medical schools
Authors: Hadie Siti Nurma Hanim , Yusoff Muhamad Saiful Bahri , Arifin Wan Nor , Kasim Fazlina , Ismail Zul Izhar Mohd , Asari Mohd Anizam , Sulong Husnaida Manan @ , Hassan Asma' , Muda Tg Fatimah Murniwati Tg , Bakar Yasrul Izad Abu , Zamin Rasheeda Mohd , Ramli Elvy Suhana Mohd , Hod Rafidah , Talip Saiful Bahri , Noor Ku Mastura Ku Mohd , Merican Yusoff Sharizal Yusoff Azmi , Azmi Muhammad Fairuz , Latiff Atikah Abdul , Rushaidhi Madihah
Published: January 2021

Background: The Anatomy Education Environment Measurement Inventory (AEEMI) evaluates the perception of medical students of educational climates with regard to teaching and learning anatomy. The study aimed to cross-validate the AEEMI, which was previously studied in a public medical school, and proposed a valid universal model of AEEMI across public and private medical schools in Malaysia.Methods: The initial 11-factor and 132-item AEEMI was distributed to 1,930 pre-clinical and clinical year medical students from 11 medical schools in Malaysia. The study examined the construct validity of the AEEMI using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The best-fit model of AEEMI was achieved using five factors and 26 items (ꭓ2 = 3300.71 (df = 1680), P < 0.001, ꭓ2/df = 1.965, RMSEA = 0.018, GFI = 0.929, CFI = 0.962, NFI = 0.927, TLI = 0.956) with Cronbach’s alpha values ranging from 0.621 to 0.927.Results: Findings of the cross-validation across institutions and phases of medical training indicated that the AEEMI measures nearly the same constructs as the previously validated version with several modifications to the item placement within each factor.Conclusions: These results confirmed that variability exists within factors of the anatomy education environment among institutions. Hence, with modifications to the internal structure, the proposed model of the AEEMI can be considered universally applicable in the Malaysian context and thus can be used as one of the tools for auditing and benchmarking the anatomy curriculum.
Genome Evolution During Bread Wheat Formation Unveiled by the Distribution Dynamics of SSR Sequences on Chromosomes using FISH
Authors: Zhang Yingxin , Fan Chengming , Chen Yuhong , Wang Richard R.-C. , Zhang Xiangqi , Han Fangpu , Hu Zanmin
Published: January 2021

Background: During the bread wheat speciation by polyploidization, a series of genome rearrangement and sequence recombination occurred. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) sequences, predominately located in heterochromatic regions of chromosomes, are the effective marker for tracing the genomic DNA sequence variations. However, to date the distribution dynamics of SSRs on chromosomes of bread wheat and its donors, including diploid and tetraploid Triticum urartu, Aegilops speltoides, Ae. tauschii, T. turgidum ssp. dicocoides, reflecting the genome evolution events during bread wheat formation had not been comprehensively investigated.Results: The genome evolution was studied by comprehensively comparing the distribution patterns of (AAC)n, (AAG)n, (AGC)n and (AG)n in bread wheat Triticum aestivum var. Chinese Spring and its progenitors T. urartu, A. speltoides, Ae. tauschii, wild tetroploid emmer wheat T. dicocoides, and cultivated emmer wheat T. dicoccum. Results indicated that there are specific distribution patterns in different chromosomes from different species for each SSRs. They provided efficient visible markers for identification of some individual chromosomes and SSR sequence evolution tracing from the diploid progenitors to hexaploid wheat. During wheat speciation, the SSR sequence expansion occurred predominately in the centromeric and pericentromeric regions of B genome chromosomes accompanied by little expansion and elimination on other chromosomes. This feature might be an adaptation mechanism of the wheat genome to the “genome shock”.Conclusions: During the bread wheat evolution, SSRs including (AAC)n, (AAG)n, (AGC)n and (AG)n in B genome displayed the greatest changes (sequence expansion) especially in centromeric and pericentromeric regions during the polyploidization from Ae. speltoides S genome, the most likely donor of B genome. This work would enable a better understanding of the wheat genome formation and evolution and reinforce the viewpoint that B genome was originated from S genome.
Three-Month Outcomes from a Patient-Centered Program to Treat Opioid use Disorder
Authors: Lynch Alison , Weber Andrea N , Hedden Suzy , Sabbagh Sayeh , Arndt Stephan , Acion Laura
Published: January 2021

Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD), a chronic disease, is a major public health problem. Despite availability of effective treatment, too few people receive it and treatment retention is low. Understanding barriers and facilitators of treatment access and retention is needed to improve outcomes for people with OUD.Objectives: To assess 3-month outcomes pilot data from a patient-centered OUD treatment program that utilized flexible treatment requirements and prioritized engagement over compliance. Methods: Forty patients (62.5% female) receiving medication to treat OUD at all levels of care were enrolled in an observational study. Patients could select or decline case management, counseling, and peer recovery groups. Substance use, risk and protective factors, and recovery capital were measured at intake and 3 months. Results: Most participants reported increased recovery capital. The median Assessment of Recovery Capital (ARC) score went from 37 at enrollment to 43 (p<0.01). Illegal drug use decreased, with the median days using illegal drugs in the past month dropping from 10 to 0 (p<0.001). Cravings improved: 29.2% reported no cravings at intake and 58.3% reported no cravings at 3 months (p<0.001). Retention rate was 92.5% at 3 months. Retention rate for participants who were not on probation/parole was higher (96.9%) than for those on probation/parole (62.5%, p=0.021). Conclusion: This study shows preliminary evidence that a care model based on low-barrier access and strategies to improve treatment retention improves recovery capital, reduces illegal drug use and cravings, and retains people in treatment.
Russian clinical practice guidelines for the management of c1 clinical class of chronic venous disorders (reticular veins and telangiectasias)
Authors: Bogachev V. Yu. , Rosukhovski D. A. , Borsuk D. A. , Shonov O. A. , Manjikian H. P. , Lobastov K. V. , Burleva E. P. , Belentsov S. M. , Sapelkin S. V. , Fokin A. A. , Dvornikov A. S. , Pryadko S. I. , Guzhkov O. N. , Bredikhin R. A. , Barinov V. E. , Soroka V. V. , Larin S. I. , Berezhnoi E. Y. , Semenov A. Yu. , Raskin V. V. , Albitskii A. V. , Arkadan N. R. , Belyanina E. O. , Boldin B. V. , Glagoleva E. N. , Denisov V. E. , Dzenin O. V. , Doronin I. V. , Ivanov O. O. , Kaperiz K. A. , Karev M. A. , Krylov A. V. , Krylov A. Yu. , Letunovsky E. A. , Lobanov V. N. , Martynov V. S. , Morenko D. N. , Pirozhenko P. A. , Savinova Y. V. , Suvorov K. S. , Terekhov A. M. , Turkin P. Yu. , Khafizov A. R. , Chabbarov R. G. , Sharipov A. S. , Kornievich S. N. , Zokirkhonov S. D. , Shaydakov E. V.
Published: January 2021

Recently collated scientific data on the management of C1 clinical class of chronic venous disorders; wide prevalence of the disease and high variability amongst medical practitioners in relation to managing this category of patients and absence of any regulatory documents has prompted the development of clinical guidelines for the treatment of patients with reticular varicose veins and telangiectasias of the lower extremities and various parts of the body. These guidelines have been developed by a self-regulated organization Association “The National College of Phlebology”. The purpose of the de novo guidelines is to systematize the existing evidence and offer minimal standards of care for chronic venous disorders in C1 patients.
What you need to know to avoid constipation
Authors: Shemerovskii K. A.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Constipation is one of the most common human diseases. Doctors in England consider constipation a “secret national problem” because 50% of the population takes laxatives.

The aim of this work was the introduction of chronomedicine approach to the problem of constipation.

Method the study was chronoenterographia – week monitoring of the circadian rhythm of defecation.

Materials. More than 2,500 people aged 24–75 years, 66% of women, were examined. The frequency and acrophase of the defecation rhythm and quality of life were analyzed.

Results: circadian regular defecation rhythm (Euenteria – 7 times/wk) and irregular (Bradyenteria – 1–6 times/week) was isolated. It is shown that the presence of the morning phase of the defecation rhythm contributes to its regularity, and the absence of this phase increases the risk of constipation by 4 times. The earlier defecation occurs – the less often constipation occurs. Euenteria associated with a high level of quality of life, but Bradyenteria – on the contrary. According to the frequency of defecation, there are 3 stages of Bradyenteria: light (5–6 times/week), moderate (3–4 times/week), severe (1–2 times/week, constipation). The Roman-IV criteria for constipation recommend diagnosing only the severe stage of Bradyenteria (less than 3 times/week), and the first 2 stages of it are not diagnosed.

Conclusion. Late diagnosis of constipation leads to complications: hemorrhoids, diverticulitis and colorectal cancer. For the regularity of defecation, the contribution of timely stool phase is commensurate with the complex of adequate nutrition, sufficient physical activity and optimal sleep. In order not to suffer from constipation, you need to know about regularity, timeliness and complexity. In outpatient surgery, polyethylene glycol, psyllium and sodium picosulfate are most often used to restore the regular rhythm of defecation.
How to properly examine the veins of the lower limbs: lying, sitting or standing?
Authors: Bogachev V. Yu. , Churikov D. A.
Published: January 2021

The article is a discussion of the advantages of a patient’s position during an ultrasound examination of the lower-limb venous system. The presented material is intended to objectively assess the advantages of this or that position of an examined patient in order to obtain necessary information about the state of the veins of the lower limbs from the position of doctors who have years of experience in diagnostics and treatment of acute and chronic diseases of the lower-limb venous system. The material of the article is primarily designed for doctors who, in addition to the ability to use an ultrasound scanner to some extent, know about venous hemodynamics and can afford to think outside the generally accepted concepts and clinical recommendations.

The characteristics of the state of the lower-limb venous system at vertical and horizontal position of the patient are given. Schemes of venous pressure distribution in the system of the inferior vena cava in the horizontal and vertical position of the patient are presented. Methods of manual compression of the muscular mass and straining at different patient positions are described.

The vertical position of the patient (or sitting position) is the most reliable way to identify the peculiarities of anatomical structure and pathological changes of the subcutaneous vein walls, which may be of great importance for planning and carrying out subsequent invasive manipulations, but there is a question about the expediency of making linear measurements in this position, if the invasive intervention is carried out while lying down. Carrying out compression ultrasound, assessment of hemodynamic parameters of venous blood flow, including the use of samples with straining and manual compression of muscle masses of the limb, it is much more convenient to perform in the lying position.
Experimental clinical study on the using of adhesive in the obliteration of varicose veins in humans
Authors: Sannikov A. B. , Shaydakov E. V. , Emelyanenko V. M. , Tolstikova T. G.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. In order to perform endovasal vein lining, the American Rodney D.Raabe developed a system for varicose veins obliteration, consisting of a glue gun and two catheters, called “VenaSeal”. As an occlusant for varicose veins in this system, “Medtronic” company today proposes to use an adhesive compound synthesized on the basis of butyl ether of α-cyanacrylic acid.

Materials and methods. Endovasal catheter obliteration of tributaries and main trunks of the great saphenous vein on the tibia was performed in 15 patients with varicose disease (C2 to CEAR) in order to substantiate the possibility of using the adhesive compound Sulfacrylate. Severity of pain, presence or absence of phlebitis and thrombophlebitis, hyper pigmentation, neurological disorders, allergic reaction were clinically evaluated.

Results and discussion. All patients after the introduction of the glue Sulfakrilat had a clinic of moderate phlebitis, without the formation of blood clots in the lumen of the vein. No local or general allergic reaction was observed. From day 7 occluded venous segments were palpated in the form of moderate density bands, without infiltration to surrounding tissues. In the absence of blood flow ultrasound examination showed gradual biodegradation of the adhesive strip inside the vein with the development of complete obliteration of the lumen starting from the 4th month. Starting with the 7th day gradually stopped aseptic inflammation in the wall of the vein was observed on histological examination. Monocytic infiltration of the venous wall with the formation of multinucleated cells of foreign bodies was present until the time of complete biodegradation of the glue. The process of diffuse growth of connective tissue with the presence of fibroblasts from the subendothelium and in the middle shell was most actively observed in histological material from 90 to 120 days after occlusion. Within 180 days, the lumen of the veins occluded by “Sulfacrylate” was completely obliterated by mature connective tissue, in the absence of glue particles, which indicated its complete biodegradation.

Conclusion. The experimental studies conducted with the assessment of clinical symptoms, ultrasound examination and histological study of morphogenesis in the lumen of blood vessels in different periods up to 6 months allow us to conclude the potential use of the adhesive compound “Sulfacrylate” (produced in Russia) for endovasal obliteration of varicose veins in humans.
The experience of hospital-replacing surgery for varicose veins in St Petersburg outpatient clinics
Authors: Davydenko V. V. , Galileeva A. N. , Ivanova O. P. , Romanov A. V. , Afanasyev B. I. , Reytel R. R.
Published: January 2021

Introduction.Over the last 20 years the widespread introduction of ultrasound imaging into clinical practice and the emergence of new endovascular technologies in the treatment of varicose veins have brought about a paradigm shift in the surgical treatment and the introduction of innovative minimally invasive technologies (thermoobliteration, chemical obliteration, microphlebectomy), which can be performed on outpatient basis under local anesthesia. Therefore, the widespread introduction of these technologies into the outpatient practice is the foremost task.

Objective of the study.Analyse the results of the experience gained in the St Petersburg polyclinics concerning the introduction of hospital-replacing surgical treatment of varicose vein diseases and appropriate training. Materials and methods. We have performed 854 surgeries including endo-venous laser coagulation (EVLС), sclerobliteration (SO) and Varadi miniflebectomy (MF) under local infiltration anesthesia: EVLC + MF in 71%, MF in 12%, EVLC + SO in 9%, EVLC + MF + SО in 3%, EVLC in 3% and SО in 2% of cases. The patients operated on ranged in age from 19 to 78 years (53 ± 21 g), among them there were 611 women and 202 men. The clinical distribution of patients was in accordance with CEAP classification: C2 – 62%, C3 – 22%, C4a/b – 12%, C5 – 2.5%, C6 – 1.5%.

Results and discussion.The evaluation of treatment results based on a retrospective analysis of patients’ examination findings after 1, 39, 180 and 365 postoperative days has demonstrated that there is no evidence of intra- and postoperative complications requiring hospitalization, disease recurrence. However, ecchymosis in 35% of cases, limited superficial infiltrates - in 18%, limited superficial thrombophlebitis - in 0.8% have been reported after MF. They have been treated using topical agents. According to the questionnaire, after a year of treatment 96% of patients appear to be satisfied with the results obtained. After a year payback financial costs have been achieved. An effective practical training program has been developed and implemented for innovative technologies for surgery of varicose veins of lower extremities. 42 physicians of outpatient clinics underwent the program.

Conclusions.It can therefore be concluded that the further introduction of innovative technologies into the polyclinics is reasonably practicable as it is safe, effective, expands the population’s access to modern technologies, is economically feasible and is perceived positively by patients, reduces the burden on surgical hospitals, improves professional qualifications and expands the professional competencies of surgeons in outpatient settings.
Successful treatment of extensive recurrent keloid scar
Authors: Lomakin V. I. , Kuzmichev A. S. , Akinchev A. L.
Published: January 2021

The treatment of scars and impact by them their deformations, as well as the formation of pathological scars, remain one of the most difficult and insufficiently explored problems of plastic and reconstructive surgery. The most severe type of pathological scars is keloid a tumor-like growth of immature connective tissue due to uncontrolled proliferative fibroblast activity. The simple removal of keloids even within healthy tissue was often accompanied by their recurrence. Here presented clinical observation of the patient with benign fibroma of 1 finger of the right foot, who had after excision of formation, keloid scar has developed. Repeated operations with keloid excision and the use of free skin plastic have proved ineffective. Only long-term therapy with diprospan injections for 1.5 years allowed to achieve cure of the patient.
Hydatid cysts in the outpatient practice of a surgeon
Authors: Pakhnov D. V. , Odishelashvili G. D. , Odishelashvili L. G.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The hydatid form of echinococcal disease of EB is a rather urgent problem and over time the degree of its significance does not decrease. The main target organ is the liver, according to various authors, it accounts for up to 84% of all clinical observations. The probability of lung tissue involvement in the pathological process is 15%. Echinococcosis of other organs and tissues, as well as a combined lesion occurs in 25% of cases. Lesion of echinococcosis of muscle tissue is observed in 0.7–0.9% of all cases. The main method of treatment at present is surgery with its various options such as echinococcectomy, pericystectomy, resection.

Objective. To demonstrate on the available clinical example the feasibility of using surgical treatment of EB of rare localization in the area on the anterior abdominal wall.

Materials and methods. The result of treatment of a patient with echinococcosis of rare localization on the anterior abdominal wall is presented. The diagnosis is established in accordance with the available clinical recommendations. The examination was carried out using a standard set of clinical metols, and included: collection, analysis of complaints, as well as an anamnesis of life and disease. Standard clinical and biochemical studies were performed.

Results. The hydatid form of echinococcosis with localization on the anterior abdominal wall is a rather rare pathology. However, treatment issues and diagnostic difficulties are quite relevant for doctors of various specialties. As a result of this clinical observation and the treatment, the patient recovered; after 17 months there was no data for a relapse of the disease.

Conclusion. 1. Timely diagnosis of hydatid echinococcosis of any localization is fundamental in improving the results of treatment of this category of patients. 2. A multidisciplinary approach in the selection of therapeutic tactics, namely the appointment of chemotherapeutic effects before and after surgery, an active surgical one, allows to achieve a good therapeutic result.
COVID-19-associated coagulopathy: review of current recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and prevention
Authors: Lobastov K. V. , Schastlivtsev I. V. , Porembskaya O. Ya. , Dzenina O. V. , Bargandzhiya A. B. , Tsaplin S. N.
Published: January 2021

The coronavirus infection COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Specific prothrombotic changes of the hemostasis system in COVID-19 are associated with increased incidence of venous thromboembolic complications. The article is a literature review on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of coagulopathy and venous thromboembolic complications associated with COVID-19. 11 studies evaluating the frequency of registration of venous thromboembolic complications and 11 clinical recommendations on correction of coagulopathy published before May 22, 2020 have been studied. The frequency of venous thromboembolic complications was unexpectedly high: 8–13% in the general ward and 9–18% in the intensive care unit against the background of preventive measures. Preventive doses of anticoagulants, low-molecular weight heparins or unfractionated heparin are indicated to all hospitalized patients. Prolonged prophylaxis after discharge from hospital can be recommended for those at high risk of venous thromboembolic complications and low risk of bleeding. An increase in D-dimer may be considered as an indication for instrumental detection of venous thromboembolic complications. If there is a suspicion of venous thromboembolic complications, anticoagulant therapy at therapeutic doses can be started before the diagnosis is confirmed: during inpatient treatment preference should be given to low-molecular heparin or unfractionated heparin, after discharge from hospital it is recommended to transfer to direct oral anticoagulants for a period of at least 3 months. Routine prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in ambulatory patients is not recommended.
Practical experience with adjustable, non-extensible compression bandages in patients with nonhealing trophic ulcers
Authors: Zotov S. P. , Shishmentsev N. B. , Vladimirskiy V. V. , Bogachev V. Yu.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The adjustable non-extensible compression bandage is a new product recently registered and approved for clinical use in the Russian Federation. The main indications for its use are severe chronic venous insufficiency and lymphedema, which cannot be corrected with traditional bandages and flat knit medical compressions. On the affected limb, an adjustable, non-extensible compression bandage allows high working pressure to be created at low, approaching zero, resting pressure. And depending on the tension of the velcro fastener, the working pressure can be adjusted between 20 and 50 mmHg or more. At the same time, the patient can maintain the actual pressure independently, regardless of the reduction in the volume of the limb. Low resting pressure makes it possible to use this type of bandage all day without the discomfort that is typical for traditional bandages and therapeutic compression knitwear felt by patients during sleep.

Clinical case. Patient diagnosed with chronic lymphovenous insufficiency in both lower limbs. CEAP class C5 on the left, CEAP class C5 on the right. After undergoing acute iliofemoral thrombosis on the left, complicated by thromboembolism of small branches of the pulmonary artery, he was treated in a specialized vascular unit, where anticoagulant, antiplatelet and phlebotropic therapy was carried out. After the second episode of deep vein thrombosis, pain in the lower extremities, swelling of the tibia, skin itching and the appearance of small trophic ulcers started to worry, which temporarily closed against the background of increased compression therapy, prescription of phlebotropic drugs and local treatment. Subsequently, large trophic ulcers were formed on the inner surface of both shins above the ankle joint. An adjustable, non-extensible compression bandage was used on the right shin to correct chronic venous insufficiency and heal a trophic ulcer. The use of an adjustable, non-extensible compression bandage within 2 to 4 weeks resulted in the disappearance of chronic swelling, reduction of the pain syndrome, and then 5 months later – led to a reduction in trophic ulcer and the disappearance of infection signs.

Conclusions. This clinical case of the successful closure of a large infected trophic ulcer that occurred after deep vein thrombosis against the background of coxarthrosis and which remained unhealed for 7 years clearly illustrates the broad possibilities of an adjustable, nonextensible compression bandage.