bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and properties of (Ti, Cr) C reinforced novel medium manganese steel
Authors: Meng Zhengbing , Liu Wei , Lv Xia , Zhou Chaoyang
Published: March 2021

In the casting process, alloying elements Mo and Cr are needed to improve the wear resistance of medium manganese steels for low impact energy. The element Ti is added to avoid the high cost of expenditure for using Mo. This paper studies the effect of Ti and Cr on microstructure and properties of medium manganese steel. It shows that a large number of polygon, column, and square (Ti, Cr) C particles (<13 μm) are formed in the casting samples using the present heat treatment process. A new type of Ti–Cr modified medium manganese steel (Ti content of 0.56%–1.48%) is produced by using (Ti, Cr) C reinforced phase particles. Compared with the traditional medium manganese steel (blank), the hardness increases twice with a slight decrease in impact toughness [traditional and modified medium manganese steels (blank and steels A, B, and C) have values of 42.1 J/cm2, 47.5 J/cm2, 43.8 J/cm2, and 37.9 J/cm2], and the wear resistance also increased nearly two times.
What is learned from an Australian older person health assessment?
Authors: Ramisetty Sai Ram , D’Amore Angelo , Chantler Ruth , Greacen Jane , Campbell David , Mitchell Eleanor Katherine Louise
Published: March 2021

Objective To examine what new health information is identified at a patient’s most recent 75+HA compared with their standard GP consultations in the prior 24 months. Methods Parameters measured included newly identified chronic conditions, new management for previously diagnosed chronic conditions, medication management, referrals, vaccinations, and positive test results for the monitoring of previously diagnosed chronic conditions. A retrospective patient record study collecting data from two GP clinics in metropolitan and regional Victoria was undertaken. A total of 195 75+HA recipients were included. Results No significant difference was found in the number of new chronic conditions recorded at patients’ most recent 75+HA compared with standard GP consultations in the prior 24 months. However, significant differences in the types of conditions were noted, with 75+HAs significantly more likely to record elevated lipids (P < 0.001), vitamin D deficiencies (P = 0.004), eye/vision-related (P = 0.011), diabetes (P = 0.019), and hearing conditions (P = 0.045) compared with standard GP consultations. Significantly more referrals (P < 0.001) and new management for previously diagnosed conditions (P = 0.009) occurred at 75+HA than at standard GP consultations. Patients who were receiving their first 75+HA were significantly more likely to receive vaccinations than those receiving a subsequent 75+HA (P = 0.022). Conclusion 75+HAs fulfil a role in addressing chronic health problems otherwise overlooked during standard GP consultations. What is known about the topic? Since their introduction in 1999, uptake of 75+HAs has been low. Two studies from 2001 to 2002 have suggested benefits of conducting 75+HAs to identify new health problems. What does this paper add? When compared with standard GP consultations, 75+HAs identify different types of new health problems, including elevated lipids, vitamin D deficiencies, eye/vision-related conditions, diabetes, and hearing conditions. Furthermore, more referrals and new management of previously identified problems occur at 75+HA. What are the implications for practitioners? 75+HAs fulfil a role in identifying and addressing chronic health problems in older patients that may otherwise have been overlooked at standard GP consultations. Suggestions of additions to the 75+HA template are made based on common chronic conditions detected in standard consultations but not included currently within the 75+HA.
Mutational fitness landscapes reveal genetic and structural improvement pathways for a vaccine-elicited HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody
Authors: Madan Bharat , Zhang Baoshan , Xu Kai , Chao Cara W. , O’Dell Sijy , Wolfe Jacy R. , Chuang Gwo-Yu , Fahad Ahmed S. , Geng Hui , Kong Rui , Louder Mark K. , Nguyen Thuy Duong , Rawi Reda , Schön Arne , Sheng Zizhang , Nimrania Rajani , Wang Yiran , Zhou Tongqing , Lin Bob C. , Doria-Rose Nicole A. , Shapiro Lawrence , Kwong Peter D. , DeKosky Brandon J.
Published: March 2021

Significance

Many current vaccines seek to elicit protective antibody responses along precise evolutionary pathways, and a fundamental understanding of genetic, structural, and biophysical antibody development features will accelerate guided vaccine strategies. Here we determine the structural and biophysical features associated with improvement or fitness of an antibody targeting the HIV fusion peptide, a known vulnerable site on HIV-1. We show that around 1% of possible antibody mutations can improve virus recognition. Beneficial mutations were often clustered far from the binding interface and altered protein structure and dynamics, leading to reduced antibody thermal stability and higher binding affinity to the HIV envelope trimer. These data quantify the genetic and biophysical landscape for improvement of a vaccine-elicted antibody and provide a rational framework to guide HIV vaccines.
Lipid droplets in mammalian eggs are utilized during embryonic diapause
Authors: Arena Roberta , Bisogno Simona , Gąsior Łukasz , Rudnicka Joanna , Bernhardt Laura , Haaf Thomas , Zacchini Federica , Bochenek Michał , Fic Kinga , Bik Ewelina , Barańska Małgorzata , Bodzoń-Kułakowska Anna , Suder Piotr , Depciuch Joanna , Gurgul Artur , Polański Zbigniew , Ptak Grażyna E.
Published: March 2021

Significance

Lipid droplets (LDs) are stored in the embryo throughout the preimplantation development. Yet, the role of LDs in the embryo remains unknown. Embryonic diapause (ED) is a temporary arrest of an embryo when it waits for the uterine receptivity signal to implant. We provide evidence that LDs play a crucial role in maintaining ED. Diapausing embryos exhibit increased release of exosomes reflecting elevated embryonic signaling to the mother. During ED, the decrease in lipid is caused by a switch from carbohydrate metabolism to lipid catabolism. We have also shown that presence of LDs in the oocytes of various mammals positively corelates with their species-specific length of diapause. Our results reveal the functional role of LDs in embryonic development.
Processing strategies used by Basque-French bilingual and Basque monolingual children for the production of the
subject-agent in Basque
Authors: Duguine Isabelle , Köpke Barbara
Published: March 2021

We sought to describe the strategies used by 2L1 and L2 Basque-French bilingual children and monolingual
Basque children to express subject-agent function in a free elicitation context in Basque. Based on a three-year longitudinal
study, the analysis focused on transitive constructions requiring a subject-agent noun marked for ergative case. The results
showed that the children mastered production of the ergative case marker at different ages, and used different
psycholinguistic strategies to refer to the subject-agent. The majority of the bilingual children favoured topological
strategy (i.e., marking of the subject-agent in the first position through subject-verb-object word order). However, the
children with L1 Basque seemed to engage more in morphological strategy, through the use of the nominal ergative suffix. These
data allowed us to discuss variations in the performance of bilingual children in light of the cue cost and cue validity
concepts elaborated by the Competition Model applied to language production.
Bilingual language control across modalities
Authors: Struys Esli , Surmont Jill , Van de Craen Piet , Kepinska Olga , Van den Noort Maurits
Published: March 2021

Bilingual language control has previously been tested separately in tasks of language comprehension and
language production. Whereas these studies have suggested that local control processes are selectively recruited during
mixed-language production, the present study investigated whether measures of global control show the same dependence on
modality, or are shared across modalities. Thirty-eight Dutch-French bilingual young adults participated by completing two
tasks of bilingual language control in both modalities. Global accuracy on mixed-language comprehension was related to mixing
costs on bilingual verbal fluency, but only when compared to the L2-baseline. Global performance on mixed-language production
was related to forward (L1-to-L2) switch costs. Finally, a significant correlation was found between the mixing cost on verbal
fluency and forward switch costs on the comprehension task. The results are interpreted as evidence for the involvement of
monitoring processes in bilingual language control across modality. The results also highlight the relevance of language
switch directionality.
Investigating vulnerabilities in grammatical processing of bilinguals
Authors: Pourquié Marie , Lacroix Hugues , Kartushina Natalia
Published: March 2021

Bilinguals show a large gap in their expressive-receptive abilities, in both languages. To date, most
studies have examined lexical processing. The current study aimed to assess comprehension and production of verb agreement,
i.e., grammatical processing, in bilinguals, and to examine the factors that might modulate them: exposure, age and
language-specific morphological complexity. Twenty balanced Basque-Spanish bilinguals (10 adults and 10 children) were
assessed on comprehension and production of subject-verb agreement in both languages and object-verb agreement in Basque.
Twenty age-matched Spanish-dominant Basque-Spanish bilinguals were assessed in Spanish only. The results revealed a consistent
gap in Basque in both children and adults, with an advantage for comprehension. In Spanish, a gap appeared in children only,
with an advantage for production. The gap size did not vary with the amount of language exposure but with age and
morphological complexity, suggesting that these factors modulate bilinguals’ grammatical processing.
Dominance, mode, and individual variation in bilingual speech production and perception
Authors: Piccinini Page , Arvaniti Amalia
Published: March 2021

Early Spanish-English bilinguals and English controls were tested on the production and perception of
negative, short-lag, and long-lag Voice Onset Time (VOT), VOT types spanning the Spanish and English phonetic categories:
phonologically, negative and short-lag VOT stops are distinct phonemes in Spanish, but realizations of voiced stops in
English. Dominance was critical: more English-dominant bilinguals produced more short-lag VOT stops in response to negative
VOT stimuli, and were also less accurate than more balanced bilinguals at discriminating negative from short-lag VOT.
Bilinguals performed similarly to monolinguals overall, but they produced more negative VOT tokens and shorter short-lag VOT
in response to negative VOT. Their productions were also less well correlated with perception and showed more variation
between individuals. These results highlight the variable nature of bilingual production and perception, and demonstrate the
need to consider language dominance, individual variation, as well as modalities and tasks when studying bilinguals.
Production, comprehension and repetition of accusative case by monolingual Russian and bilingual Russian-Dutch and
Russian-Hebrew-speaking children
Authors: Janssen Bibi , Meir Natalia
Published: March 2021

The present study explores the acquisition of the Russian accusative [acc] case inflections in two
groups of bilingual children (Russian-Dutch and Russian-Hebrew) who acquire Russian as their Heritage Language (HL) and two
groups of monolingual Russian-speaking children within the Unified Competition Model (MacWhinney, 2008, 2012). Seventy-two typically
developing children participated in the study. Children’s performance on three tasks was compared: elicited production,
forced-choice comprehension and sentence repetition.

The current study confirmed the predictions of the Unified Competition Model: monolingual
children view the [acc] case inflection as a reliable cue. Conversely, bilingual children showed lower accuracy on
nouns which require the use of a dedicated [acc] marker. Similarly, the percentage of children manifesting
sensitivity to [acc] case cue was low in bilinguals. The findings of the study extend the Unified Competition
Model to patterns of HL acquisition in bilinguals. Cue detection in HL for bilinguals is challenged when exposure
is limited.
“I just sound Sco[ʔ]ish now”
Authors: Ryan Sadie Durkacz
Published: March 2021

This article investigates the speech of adolescents who have moved directly from Poland to Glasgow, using data
from a range of social contexts and comparing their speech to that of their locally-born peer-group. Focusing on the acquisition
of word-medial glottal replacement, I find that the Polish participants have replicated one of the constraints shown by their
locally-born peers (number of syllables), have come close to replicating another (following segment), and have three which are not
significant for the Glaswegians: lexical frequency, preceding segment and speech context. The emergence of the speech context
constraint for the Polish group (and not for the Glaswegians) is a novel finding, and sheds light on how learners come to
understand and negotiate style in the L2. I suggest that as they are going through the acquisition process, the Polish group use
speech context as an interpretive framework around which they structure their stylistic variation.
On the development of the social-linguistic nexus in discourse research
Authors: Cap Piotr
Published: March 2021

This paper gives a critical overview of analytical approaches dominating the field of discourse studies in the last three decades, from the perspective of their philosophical and formative bases: social constructionism and linguistics. It explores different conceptions of the theoretical nexus between these two bases leading to the emergence of three distinct yet complementary strands of thought (i–iii). The paper starts with poststructuralist views of discourse salient in (i) Laclau and Mouffe’s Discourse Theory. Laclau and Mouffe’s assumption that no discourse is a closed entity but rather transformed through contact with other discourses is taken as the introductory premise to present a large family of (ii) critical discourse studies, characterized as text-analytical practices explaining how discourse partakes in the production and negotiations of ideological meanings. Finally, the paper discusses (iii) three recent discourse analytical models: Discourse Space Theory, Critical Metaphor Analysis and the Legitimization-Proximization Model. These new theories take a further step toward consolidation of the social-theoretical and linguistic bases in contemporary discourse studies. The empirical benefits of this consolidation are discussed in the last part of the paper, which includes a case study where the new models are used in the analysis of Polish anti-immigration discourse.
When OKAY is repeated
Authors: Kuroshima Satomi , Kim Stephanie Hyeri , Hayano Kaoru , Kim Mary Shin , Lee Seung-Hee
Published: March 2021

This chapter explores the use of the repetition
of OKAY in a third position and in a transitional phase between
activities in Korean and Japanese conversations. We have identified
that (1) the duplicated OKAY, by being placed either in the middle
of the other speaker’s turn or after a gap, is employed to accept
the second position turn as sufficient and thereby propose to close
the protracted sequence, and (2) it is deployed to serve as a
boundary marker between two activities. These actions are commonly
observed as an achievement of multiple actors displaying their
orientation toward the activity through various resources, including
the duplicated OKAY.
OKAY in health helpline calls in Brazil
Authors: Ostermann Ana Cristina , Harjunpää Katariina
Published: March 2021

This chapter investigates phone calls to a health
helpline in Brazilian Portuguese, focusing on how call-takers employ
OKAY as a resource in managing the participants’ mutual alignment
and the progression of activities during the calls. Call-takers make
use of OKAY in transitioning between main and
subsidiary actions and activities and in eliciting
uptake from the recipient. In both contexts, the use of OKAY relates
to the work of managing the institutional agenda and technical
resources in relation to the situated concerns of the callers. The
analysis thus contributes to the study of particles and
institutional interaction by showing how OKAY is used in organizing
the routinized, agenda-driven conversational structures of helpline
interactions.
Coordination of OKAY, nods, and gaze in claiming understanding
and closing topics
Authors: Helmer Henrike , Betz Emma , Deppermann Arnulf
Published: March 2021

Our paper examines how bodily behavior
contributes to the local meaning of OKAY. We explore the interplay
between OKAY as response to informings and narratives and
accompanying multimodal resources in German multi-party interaction.
Based on informal and institutional conversations, we describe three
different uses of OKAY with falling intonation and the recurrent
multimodal patterns that are associated with them and that can be
characterized as ‘multimodal gestalts’. We show that: 1. OKAY as a
claim to sufficient understanding is typically accompanied by upward
nodding; 2. OKAY after change-of-state tokens exhibits a recurrent
pattern of up- and downward nodding with distinctive timing; and
3. OKAY closing larger activities is associated with gaze-aversion
from the prior speaker.
A Novel Vehicular Heatstroke Prevention by Smart HVAC System Model
Authors: Seng Yeap Wei , Chuan Tan Say , Ong Yoong , Mohd Fadzil Lokman , Khairi Ishak Mohamad
Published: March 2021

Today, automobile safety has become one of the paramount focus areas by car manufacturers. The vehicles of today have increasingly grown more intelligent to keep passengers safe on the road. Apart from traffic safety, non-crash safety issues progressively turn out to be another prime concern. Currently, vehicular heatstroke deaths in parked vehicles are one of the major focuses in the non-crash safety domain. 2018 saw a total of 52 American children died while 90% out of 8290 calls to RSPCA concerned trapped dogs in scorching cars. Thus, we proposed a prototype system with the capability to monitor vehicle conditions and take appropriate actions to save a life. The objective of this work is to reduce the possibility of uninformed passengers, especially children, the elderly, and the pets, from unnecessary deaths or suffering from trapped car-related heatstroke. This prototype can be further enhanced to smartly communicate with other Electrical Control Units (ECUs) inside the vehicle via an in-vehicle communication network, i.e. CAN bus to further improve vehicle safety.
UniCycle: An Android Application of Bike Sharing System in the Digital Campus
Authors: Ku Azir K.N.F. , Junita M.N. , Loke E.Y.N. , Zul M.F. , Roszaki M.A.A. , Zakaria N.H. , Abdalla J.A.
Published: March 2021

Bike Sharing System (BSS) has been on a rapid rise to provide healthy lifestyle and a sustainable environment to the world. However, the concept of BSS has a multiple flaws such as in managing of bike’s usage and maintenance. BSS that is currently used in Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) is based on rental concept which reduces time efficiency and is inconvenient to users due to its lack of maintenance management. Thus, this work has been innovated to monitor the bike’s maintenance by designing the concept of dock free system and design of mobile application to monitor bike’s usage, payment and location of the bike based on Internet of Thing (IoT) platform. UniCycle provides services that are useful as neither there will be wastage nor shortage of parking dock. The dock free system provides a service where users need not worry about finding the parking dock and they can place the bicycle at anywhere and anytime within the campus’ compound. Therefore, UniCycle provides dock-free smart bike sharing services which is a more convenient alternative to students to navigate around the campus. Furthermore, the maintenance team can also monitor the condition of the bicycles.
Design and Integrate Real Time Clock and Temperature Digital Signal Processing with ARM System
Authors: Wang H S , Jambek A B , Boey K H , Mohd Alias M N A , Faezal S F R , Md Isa M N
Published: March 2021

The integrated circuit had been developed rapidly from microprocessor to microcontroller and System-on-Chip (SoC) just happen within a few decade. The development is continuing as the demand for the functionality increase. The Real Time Clock (RTC) is one of the peripherals most widely used inside the microcontroller. Besides, when Moore’s law is still applied, the number of transistor will increase, so does the temperature. Thus, the temperature digital signal processing (TDSP) unit had become an important peripheral to monitor the system-on-chip temperature. In this paper, these two Intellectual Property which are RTC and TDSP are designed and integrated into ARM system. The system architecture and implementation strategies are discussed. The results were run and simulated in the Synopsys software.
Dielectric Properties Characterization of Material Under Test using Microstrip Ring Resonator
Authors: Masrakin Khuzairi , Abdul Malek Sofea , Zuraidah Ibrahim Siti , Rahim Hasliza A. , Dewani Aliya A.
Published: March 2021

The Resonator is one of the techniques widely used to determine the dielectric properties of a material. It is due to the accuracy of the resonator technique as compared to the other methods such as open wave guide sensor, transmission method, and coaxial probe. The accuracy plays an important role in any measurement devices as this is one of the features to show that the device is competent enough to perform a specific task. So, as to cope with accuracy issues, two microstrip ring resonators were designed and prototyped to detect the dielectric properties of Material Under Test (MUT) in this study. Both utilize Rogers Duroid 4003C as the substrate for the dielectric sensor and is meant to resonate at 4 and 5 GHz in which the substrate possesses 3.38 dielectric properties and 0.0027 loss tangent. Several features in designing the resonator such as the coupling gap, d, and radius of the ring, R were taken into consideration. Those parameters were verified and validated through software simulation and measurement using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) to achieve the expected sensor prototype to operate in the real environment. The measurement was made to test two known dielectric properties of MUT to demonstrate the sensitivity of the sensors. The outcome from the measurement was evaluated in terms of S-21 parameter. The dielectric measurement leads to a change in frequency response against different MUT. The measurement was extended to study the performance of the resonator through the R and d of the resonator in which these parametric studies were made by varying the R and d of the resonator with the presence and the absence of MUT. The outcomes from the measurement suggest the best R and d for the resonator in terms of dielectric permittivity.
Crypto-Core Design using Camellia Cipher
Authors: Wei Ci Chew , Zarina Md Naziri Siti , Che Ismail Rizalafande , Hussin Razaidi , Nazrin Md Isa Mohd , Sufyan Safwan Mohamad Basir Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Camellia cipher is another symmetric block cipher which allows the encryption and decryption process to share the same key. The cipher permits a 128-bits input data with three different key size: 128, 192 and 256 bits. This paper presents two hardware design approach of Camellia cipher, which are FPGA and custom-based design approach. These approaches utilized design softwares of Altera Quartus II with device family of Cyclone II and Synopsys Design Compiler. The performance of Camellia crypto-core design is then been evaluated based on the implementation platform in terms of speed, area and power. With an equal base of 50MHz of clock frequency, custom-based design is found more efficient than FPGA-based design due to the execution time achieved with 8.46ns, which is faster than the latter that consumed double the time with 16.075ns. The custom-based design achieved 15.13 Gbps of throughput. Besides, the power consumption of custom-based design is 1.3519 mW which is lower than the FPGA-based design. In a nutshell, the design has successfully done as it achieved expected encryption and decryption outcomes with acceptable performance.
An Analysis of Multiclass Imbalanced Data Problem in Machine Learning for Network Attack Detections
Authors: Fern Soon Hui , Amir Amiza , Norlyana Azemi Saidatul
Published: March 2021

In the current trend, machine learning has been used widely for network attack detection. The performance of a machine learning model depends on its training dataset and the dataset distribution. Network attack detection is one of the problems that usually suffer from the imbalanced data distribution. However, the effect of this imbalanced data is generally neglected by researchers. Therefore, in this research, we studied the impact of an imbalanced multiclass dataset to the machine learning performance. Five state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms were used in this study, and the classifiers that can classify the minority class or the majority class instances accurately were also identified. In this research, the performances of these classifiers were evaluated by using the performance metrics: true positive rate, false positive rate, precision, F-measure, ROC area, and classification accuracy. The results show that the J48 classifier outperforms the other four classifiers in every aspect. Besides, Naïve Bayes, J48, has also worked as the best classifier that able to classifies the instances of the minority class accurately.
Text Reader for Visually Impaired Person
Authors: Nadhir Ab Wahab Mohd , Sufril Azlan Mohamed Ahmad , Syafiq Abdull Sukor Abdul , Chia Teng Ong
Published: March 2021

There are approximately 1.3 billion people in the world have visual impairment issue. They usually have to read printed material using Braille. However, there are limitations for these people when the material is not printed in Braille. Although there is much electronic equipment that can help them to read, the prices are too expensive to afford. Thus, this paper proposes an affordable mobile application which is designed for the visually impaired person. The mobile application is able to capture the image of printed material with a mobile camera. The captured image is then converted to text by using image-to-text conversion in Optical Character Recognition (OCR) framework. Finally, the text will be read out into speech format using text-to-speech conversion in Text to Speech (TTS) framework. As a result, a person who has visual impairment can understand the printed material which is not written in Braille through listening instead of touching. Some alert sound is provided to allow the users to know what exactly happened in the mobile application. It is user friendly for the visually impaired person since the designed system has sound for guideline so they can always get to know the process of the application.
Identification of Caridae Cryptic organism (Crustacea) on the Pocillopora dead coral in Sabang, Aceh
Authors: Ulfah M , Fadhlurrahman  , Devira C N , Kurnianda V , Nurfadillah N , Mellisa S , Sembiring A , Kurniasih E M , Ambariyanto  , Meyer C , Muiari
Published: March 2021

Research on the composition of Caridea cryptic organisms (crustasea) on dead corals of pocillopora in Sabang waters has been conducted on January 2017. The purpose of this study was to identify the composition of Caridea cryptic organisms - found in dead coral Pocillopora. The location of research was decided by purposive sampling methods. The results showed that they were three families (Alpheidae, Hippolythidae, and Palaemonidae) were found at each station. Total number of individuals found as many as 109 individuals scattered into 3 stations. The most abundant families were from Alpheidae family with a total of 79 individuals while the fewest families found were Palaemonidae with a total of 11 individuals. The largest value of dead coral volume was found at Seulako island station which was 3.2 liter as the highest abundance of Caridae organisms (41 individuals). On the other hand, the station of Sumur Tiga was found the smallest coral volume of the two other stations of 1.2 liter with the lowest abundance of Caridea organisms 33 individuals.
Sub-surface identification of iron sand in Lamreh, Aceh Besar using very low frequency method
Authors: Jannah M , Muhammad  , Marwan  , Jalil Zulkarnain
Published: March 2021

This work was studied about 2D Sub-Surface Identification of iron sands in Lamreh, Aceh Besar by using Very Low Frequency method based on Resistivity mode (VLF-R). The aims of the research; (1) Predicting 2D sub-surface of iron sands resistivity in Lamreh based on VLF data. (2) Conducting 2D sub-surface identification measurement data of iron sands. VLF data were measured into 3 lines, by the first line was 250 meters and the second line was 120 meters and the third lines was 100 meters. 2D modelling in VLF-R was conducted by using 2LAYINV electromagnetic inversion program. Inversion process showed 2-iron sands-conductivity-zone, where the resistive layer in depth was covered by conductive layer on it. The conductive layer was expected as clay being rich of water content by resistivity rate at 10 – 100 Ωm. Resistive layer was expected as cap rock by resistivity rate at 20000 – 40000 Ωm.
Waste management model in the residential environment of the Bajo Tribe, Torokeku Village, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province
Authors: Nurdin I N , Fajriah  , Suwarjoyowirayatno  , Sari S F , Isamu K T , Maheng M D
Published: March 2021

Household waste is an environmental problem that has not been resolved properly. The problem of water environmental pollution, the emergence of various diseases, decreased production of fisheries products and a dirty environment can be symbols of poverty and underdevelopment. This study aims to obtain an overview of waste management in the coastal area of the Bajo ethnic settlement of Torokeku Village, to inventory the problems in the waste management system and to provide recommendations for optimizing the waste management system independently and sustainably based on coastal communities. The research was conducted using descriptive qualitative analysis methods in Torokeku Village, Tinanggea District from June to August 2020. Collecting data through structured interview techniques and observations. The results obtained by public awareness are still relatively low, lack of information and knowledge about the impact of environmental problems, there are no real examples that can be used as a reference in managing waste, and the government is less firm in addressing environmental problems. The waste management model formed is Utilizing waste to increase fishery business production by using the 3R principle (Reduce, Reuse, Recyle), optimizing community empowerment activities directly to the target group.
Management of environmentally friendly fishing gears based on the code of conduct for responsible fisheries in Pidie District
Authors: Chaliluddin M A , Rahmah A , Aprilla R M , Rizwan T , Ikram M , Satria D , Yani F I
Published: March 2021

Fishery management is all efforts that are integrated in laws and regulations in the field of fisheries to achieve sustainable productivity of aquatic biological resources. Fishery management activities in a water area with a high number productivity of fish resources have to pay attention to aspects that can support of goal the achievement of environmentally friendly and sustainable fisheries management. Pidie District is located in the east of Aceh which is directly opposite the Malacca Strait and has a high productivity of fish resources using various fishing gear. The purpose of this study was to determine the management strategy for environmentally friendly fishing gear based on the code of conduct for responsible fisheries (CCRF) in Pidie District. The data analysis method used in this research is descriptive, scoring, and SWOT analysis. The results, strategies used within environmentally friendly capture fisheries management are enhancement, monitoring, and law enforcement upon the un - selective fishing gears that tend to be destructive, optimize human resources in utilizing fish resources to environmentally friendly capture fisheries management in both of pre-production to post – production, improve the capacity of facilities and infrastructure in supporting environmentally friendly capture fisheries operations, monitor fisheries activities as well surrounding areas of port upon the pollution that harms environmental quality order, and socialization upon the used of environmentally friendly current technologies.
Socio economic assessment of brackish water aquaculture business in Aceh Tamiang Regency
Authors: Zulham A , Soejarwo P A , Shafitri N , Triyanti R , Mira  , Widihastuti R
Published: March 2021

Brackish water aquaculture is an essential business in Aceh Tamiang Regency. Data and information about the brackish water business collected from selected villages in four regencies from April until August 2020. In 2019, the brackish water farmers run their business 91.1% as the traditional type of aquaculture, 2.0% as semi-intensive, and 6.9% as intensive practices. The traditional brackish water farm is depending on “toke” as the source of funding. Meanwhile, the last two types of businesses grew with rent and sharing system. The brackish water activities only give limited benefits to the local community because they highly depend on other regions for seed, feed, pesticides, and labor, and the local institution supports the brackish water business not yet created. This research recommends: the village’s government should develop and implement the regulation for the involvement of local people in business activities; the brackish water institution should be created in the location especially for water management, control water pollution, and sources of various information regarding brackish water business. The Village Business Agency (Badan Usaha Milik Gampong) should improve its capabilities and play a role in the village’s brackish water business.
Purse seine productivity in Lhok Pawoh fishing port, Sawang, South Aceh
Authors: Rahmah A , Ulfa M , Damora A , Aprilla R M , Chaliluddin M
Published: March 2021

The capability of catching from fishing gear can be known from the fishing productivity. The purpose of this study was to calculate the productivity of purse seine vessels in the Fishing Port of Lhok Pawoh, Sawang, South Aceh. This research was conducted from June 10thto July 10th2019. The method used was a census method by collecting some data such as number of fishing trip (during 2018), species and number of catches, and specification of 15 units of purse seine at Lhok Pawoh fishing port, then the data was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the material of purse seiner at Lhok Pawoh were made of local wood with a vessel size of 23-60 GT, LOA was 16-24.2 meters, breadth was 4-7.5 meters, depth was 1.3-1.9 meters, and main engine power was 90-360 HP. The purse seine at PPI Lhok Pawoh has a length of between 1,100-1,500 meters and a width of 45-100 meters with the number of fishermen ranges between 18-28 people/unit. The total catches of purse seine during the research was 162,116 kg, dominated by skipjack tuna (67.97%). The highest productivity (production/GT) for large pelagic target was 2,458.8 kg/GT, and the lowest one was 209.3 kg/GT. The highest productivity (production/GT) for small pelagic target was 2,630.7 kg/GT and the lowest one was 418.3 kg/GT. The highest productivity (production/trip) for large pelagic target was 3,046.0 kg/trip, and the lowest one was 187.6 kg/trip. The highest productivity (production/trip) for small pelagic target was 2,067.3 kg/trip and the lowest one was 340.2 kg/trip.
The effect of ethanolic extracts Ulva lactuca on growth performance and survival rate of milk fish (Chanos chanos)
Authors: Nurfadillah N , Ningsih H A , Rahimi S A E , Dewiyanti I , Mellisa S , Syahril A
Published: March 2021

Ulva lactuca is an algae that is a source of protein for fish and can increase resistance to disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ethanolic extracts Ulva lactuca on growth and survival rate of milkfish (Chanos chanos). This research was conducted at Brackish Water Aquaculture Development Center, Ujung Batee, Aceh, Indonesia on April-March 2019. Data were analyzed using a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replication, namely A (0 ppm), B (100 ppm), C (200 ppm), D (300 ppm), E (400 ppm), F (500 ppm). The parameters measured were absolute weight growth, absolute length growth, specific growth rate, survival rate and water quality. The ANOVA test results showed that the Ulva lactuca extract had a significant effect (P<0.05) on absolute weight growth, absolute length growth and specific growth rate but had no effect (P>0.05) on the survival rate of milkfish (Chanos chanos). The concentration of 500 ppm extract Ulva lactuca (treatment F) produced the highest on absolute weight growth (1.52 g), absolute length growth (1.96 mm), specific growth rate (0.30 %/day), and survival rate (96%).
Biodiversity of bivalves in the mangrove ecosystem in Kampung Jawa, Banda Aceh
Authors: Ramadhaniaty M , Syawali  , Karina S , Muhammadar
Published: March 2021

Mangrove ecosystem as a feeding ground contributes to habitat complexity and diversity of the macrofauna, while bivalves are dominant in this ecosystem. The diversity of Bivalve had influenced by habitat conditions that have an impact on ecosystem stability. This research purposed to assess diversity and species abundance of bivalve in Kampung Jawa. The parameters analyzing included density, diversity index, and the species of a dominant index. The research was conducted in March 2020 at five stations with purposive sampling method. There are 8 species of Bivalve found in this area. The Bivalve species found are Nucula sulcata, Anadara granos, Glycymeris Modesta, Anadara transversa, Brachidontes granulatus, Anadara nodifera, Cucullaea Labiatae, and Glycymeris glycymeris. The analysis showed that Anadara transverse species was the most abundant with a density value 5.2 ind/m2. Diversity values from the five stations have obtained at 0.69 - 1.37 with a medium diversity category indicated that the variation of Bivalve species is quite diverse.
Strengthening maritime cultures as a source of creative ideas for maritime tourisme development in Kuta, Central Lombok
Authors: Kurniasari N , Muawanah U , Yuliaty C
Published: March 2021

The development of tourism-oriented mass tourism often weakens the existence of culture that has become the identity of local communities. This paper aims to examine how the culture in the area around The Mandalika Central Lombok can actually be a source of creative ideas for tourism development. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and focused discussions with informants, and were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Negative impacts on culture due to the development of tourism in the Mandalika can be avoided by preparing the community to package this culture through creative economic activities. The variables that need to be improved are digital capabilities, business management, and the ability to develop business networks. In addition, the existence of social norms must be maintained as a control so that creativity remains within the corridors of norms prevailing in society.
Biological community structure in Krueng Sarah River, Aceh Besar District
Authors: Octavina C , Razi N M , Agustiar M , Sakinah R , Fazillah M R , Sahidin A
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the biological community structure (plankton and macrozoobenthos) in the river from 2017 to 2019. This research method is purposive sampling. The results showed that there were five species of macrozoobenthos, namely Neritrodyas (2017), Polinices hepaticus, Telebra gulata, and Telebralia sulcate (2018), and Tronchus concave (2019). Overall the abundance was high and the same in the three stations. The diversity index (H’) is classified as moderate, while the similarity (E) and dominance (D) are classified as high. Plankton data shows that 15 species of biota were found, namely Rhizoselenia stolterfazhii, Hemialus sp. (2017), Civutum hinnalinclla, Bulduehatae sp., Planctotturnix sp., Canccella sp., Cospidothrea sp., Rhizosolenia sp., and Alana bullata (2018) Isothrix spopsi., Fragila sp., Cylindrusperm raciborska, Cuspidothrix sp., Flagiloria sp., and Cosmarium sp. (2019). Overall, the abundance of plankton is still high. The plankton diversity index is high each year, while the similarity and dominance are low. The water quality data of Krueng Sarah shows that it is still within the tolerance limits for macrozoobenthos and plankton. Therefore, the overall structure of the biological community in Krueng Sarah is still classified as suitable for natural balance.
Analysis of chlorophyll-a and phytoplankton abundance in Ujung Pancu Waters, Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Authors: Karina S , Agustina S , Nurfadillah N , Rafsanjani A A , Heriantoni J
Published: March 2021

Phytoplankton plays the important role as primary producers which determine the productivity of the waters. The purpose of the research was to determine the abundance of phytoplankton and the distribution of the chlorophyll-a at Ujong Pancu Waters, Aceh Besar, Indonesia. This research was conducted from November 2017 to January 2018. Samples were collected from five observation stations using purpossive sampling method. Samples then were identified to figure out the species of phytoplankton and the chlorophyll-a was analyzed using spectrophotometric method. It was obtained 17 spesies of phytoplankton from those sites, and Chaetoceros sp. (469 ind/l) was the most abundant spesies from class of Bacillariophyceae. The chlorophyll-a concentration was obtained ranged from 0.32 - 2.05 μg/l.
Effect of stocking density of the growth performance, survival rate and feed utilization of the eels Anguilla bicolor (pisces: anguillidae) Larvae
Authors: Muchlisin Z A , Indrianti Y S , Dewiyanti I , Lisra F , Yanti R Z , Nur F M , Batubara A S
Published: March 2021

The objective of this study was to determine the optimum stocking density of Anguilla bicolor larva on the growth performance, feed utilization, and survival rate. The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Ichthyology, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used in this study. The treatment included six different levels of stocking density (3 eels L-1, 4 eels L-1, 5 eels L-1, 6 eels L-1, 7 eels L-1 and 8 eels L-1). The fish samples ranged between 7-9 cm in total length and 2-3 g in body weight. The fishes fed on a commercial diet twice a day at a feeding ration of 10% body weight a day for 60 days. The data was analyzed using One-way Analysis of Variance (One-way ANOVA) and followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that the stocking density had a significant effect on the weight gain, specific growth rate and survival rate (P <0.05). However, it did not have a significant effect on feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency (P> 0.05). It is concluded that the best stocking density was found at 3 fish L-1, it resulted in a weight gain of 1.43 g, specific growth rate of 1.62% day-1, survival rate of 79.00%, a feed conversion ratio of 5.17 and a feed efficiency of 19.52%.
Strategy for strengthening gender mainstreaming (PUG) in the marine and fisheries sector
Authors: Nurlaili N , Hikmah H , Kurniawan T , Widihastuti R
Published: March 2021

Gender mainstreaming (PUG) in the marine and fisheries sector requires a strategy to be able to realize equity and equality. This paper aims to describe the strategies for strengthening gender mainstreaming in the marine and fisheries sector. The writing is based on the results of research in 2018 and 2019 in several research locations Jakarta, Central Java, West Java, Banten, and West Nusa Tenggara. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are in-depth interviews with male and female entrepreneurs as well as beneficiaries of training programs that are included in gender mainstreaming activities in the marine and fisheries sector. The results showed that the gender mainstreaming’s problems in marine and fisheries sector include (1) not having a map of program needs and beneficiaries; (2) Activities have not fully involved the participation of women and men; (3) The program is not planned in advance (tagging only); (4) The standar of procedure PUG documents are not yet available, starting from planning to monitoring, in particular the monitoring evaluation guidelines and indicator (5) Human resource knowledge capacity. A strategy is needed to optimize gender mainstreaming in the marine and fisheries sector.
Effect of human activities on coastal landform recovery after the tsunami at Padang Seurahet coastal zone, Meulaboh, Indonesia
Authors: Setyawan W B
Published: March 2021

Padang Seurahet coastal zone was eroded by tsunami of 26 December 2004. As well as the other coastal zone that eroded by the tsunami, at the coastal zone immediately occur recovery processes after the event. This study depicts how a recovery process of the coastal zone has been influenced by human activity. Images from Google Earth were used to analyze coastal landform condition visually before and after the tsunami. Results of this study show that the effect of the tsunami on the coastal zone and process of restoring the coastal zone in Padang Seurahet is affected by the existence of an old seawall remain along the coastline that was built to protect the coastal zone from wave erosion before the tsunami.
The effect of papain and bromelain enzymes on the growth and feed utilization of post larvae Litopenaeus
vannamei
Authors: Arisa I I , Muchlisin Z A , Purba S , Muhammadar M , Mellisa S
Published: March 2021

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of papain and bromelain enzymes in feed on growth and feed utilization of post larvae Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp. The research was conducted during 23 January to 2 March 2020 at the Fish Hatchery Laboratory, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University. The completely randomized design consisting of four treatments and three replications were used in this study (A (feed without enzyme); B (feed + 1% papain enzyme); C (feed + 1% bromelain enzyme), and D (feed + 1% papain enzyme + 1% bromelain enzyme)). The shrimp was fed with the tested feed five times on 07.00 AM, 11.00 AM, 03.00 PM, 07.00 PM and 11.00 PM for 42 days. The ANOVA test results showed the addition of papain and bromelain enzymes in the feed had a significant effect on weight gain, daily growth rate and specific growth rate of vannamei shrimp (P<0.05). However, there was no significant effect on its survival, feed conversion and feed efficiency (P>0.05). The best treatment was found in treatment D with the weight gain of 1.15 g, daily growth rate of 0.027 g day-1, specific growth rate of 7.14% day-1, feed conversion ratio of 1.85, and feed efficiency 54.15%, but the highest survival was found at treatment A. It is concluded that the best treatment is a combination between of 1% papain enzyme and 1% bromelain enzyme).