bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proportion of active tuberculosis among HIV-infected children after antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kebede Bizuneh Fassikaw , Tsegaye Dejen , Negese Gemeda Belete , Kebede Bizuneh Tsehay
Published: August 2024

Despite effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in reducing mortality of opportunistic infections among HIV infected children, however tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant cause for morbidity and attributed for one in every three deaths. HIV-infected children face disproportionate death risk during co-infection of TB due to their young age and miniatures immunity makes them more vulnerable. In Ethiopia, there is lack of aggregated data TB and HIV mortality in HIV infected children. We conducted an extensive systematic review of literature using Preferred Reporting of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. Five electronic databases were used mainly Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Google scholar for articles searching. The pooled proportion of TB was estimated using a weighted inverse variance random-effects meta-regression using STATA version-17. Heterogeneity of the articles was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistic. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity test, and Egger’s regression were conducted for publication bias. This met-analysis is registered in Prospero-CRD42024502038. In the final met-analysis report, 13 out of 1221 articles were included and presented. During screening of 6668 HIV-infected children for active TB occurrence, 834 cases were reported after ART was initiated. The pooled proportion of active TB among HIV infected children was found 12.07% (95% CI: 10.71–13.41). In subgroup analysis, the Oromia region had 15.6% (95%CI: 10.2–20.6) TB burden, followed by southern Ethiopia 12.8% (95%CI: 10.03–15.67). During meta-regression, missed isoniazid Preventive therapy (IPT) (OR: 2.28), missed contrimoxazole preventive therapy (OR: 4.26), WHO stage III&IV (OR: 2.27), and level of Hgb ≤ 10gm/dl (OR = 3.11.7) were predictors for active TB. The systematic review found a higher proportion of active TB in HIV-infected children in Ethiopia compared to estimated rates in end TB strategy. To prevent premature death during co-infection, implement effective TB screening and cases tracing strategies in each follow up is needed.
Unveiling metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: Knowledge gaps and attitudes among Lebanese university students
Authors: Abdelkhalik Mohamad , Al Tawil Samah , El Fouani Adam , Allakiss Nour , Mattar Lama , Faour Wissam H. , Chatila Rajaa
Published: August 2024

Background

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a rapidly growing global health problem. Despite its growing incidence and potential for significant repercussions, MAFLD is still widely misunderstood and underdiagnosed.

Aim

The purpose of this study was to investigate MAFLD-related knowledge, attitudes, and risk profiles among university students aged 17 to 26.

Methods

A cross-sectional study with 406 university students in Lebanon, equally distributed among males and females, was conducted using a questionnaire that includes demographics, medical information, dietary habits, physical activity, and MAFLD-related knowledge and attitudes.

Results

The findings demonstrated a significant lack of knowledge regarding MAFLD, with more than half of participants (54.7%) having no prior knowledge of the illness. Students exhibited unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such as smoking (68%), insufficient physical exercise (44.1%), and poor food habits (52.5%). Having a family history of heart disease, personal history of diabetes mellitus, a balanced diet and prior knowledge of the disease were associated with a higher knowledge score (p<0.05). A higher attitude score existed among those who have a personal or family history of chronic diseases and those who have a prior negative impression about the disease, prior knowledge of the disease, and those who are physically active (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Despite knowledge gaps, university students in Lebanon have, in general, an appropriate and positive attitude towards MAFLD. We recommend the introduction of focused educational interventions to address the necessity of lifestyle changes among university students and the community as a whole. Developing comprehensive MAFLD prevention methods requires future studies in different age groups and demographics
Narrative of traumatic memory in Spirits’ Homecoming (2016) and Tuning Fork (2014)
Authors: Lee Eunah
Published: August 2024

This article analyses two South Korean feature films representing the traumatic memories of the ‘comfort women’ – Spirits’ Homecoming (2016) and Tuning Fork (2014). While both of these films share some thematic and stylistic similarities as depictions of the sexually enslaved women by Imperial Japan during the Second World War, there is a crucial contrast in their narrative structure. This article analyses Spirits’ Homecoming as a fiction whose narrative structure conforms to Amsterdam/Bruner’s conservative account, while Tuning Fork illustrates Strejilevich’s account of victims’ stories that defies traditional narrative conventions. Although both films find creative ways to disseminate the once-silenced stories of the victims and hold different sociocultural meanings, this analysis suggests Tuning Fork highlights a distinctive intergenerational remembrance of the ‘comfort women’, which eschews dominant nationalistic discourse.
Opinion
Authors: Dombrádi Krisztián
Published: August 2024

Recently an addition to charles darwin’s theory of evolution has received a considerable international publicity, titled: on the roles of function and selection in evolving systems.1 „motion, gravity, electromagnetically charged fields, and the principle of interactions described by the second law of thermodynamics energize universal evolution,” they argue. but it is not quite clear why they did not start from an autopoietic theory that describes complex natural and social subsystems without contradiction? this would have the explanatory power to bridge the gaps in darwin’s theory of evolution in a more elegant way.
The framework of large group identification
Authors: Szilárdi Réka
Published: August 2024

It is often the case that religious and national forms of self-definition are mutually reinforcing and intertwined (e.g. Smith 1991, 2004; Daniel – Durham 1997; Friedland 2001; Hoppenbrouwers 2002; Anderson 2006, etc.). This process can occur in a variety of ways and contexts all over the world. In addition to attempts at defining religious and national identities, the following paper focuses primarily on three approaches: (1) how religious and national identification can be understood, (2) what is the relationship between religion and nationalist worldviews, what is the reason for this linkage, and (3) what is the mechanism and significance of the connection.
Secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes mellitus: the role of vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Avdeeva V. A. , Syachina S. N. , Suplotova L. A.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency in secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) against the background of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the key factors in the deterioration of renal function.

   AIM. To assess the indicators of calcium-phosphorus metabolism in individuals with SHPT against the background of CKD, diabetes and without it to optimize treatment approaches.

   MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective analysis of 416 medical records with diagnoses CKD3-C5 and SHPT was carried out, of which 112 had a history of diabetes, which were examined and treated in the nephrology department of the in the period from 01. 01. 2018 to 31. 12. 2022. Demographic and anthropometric data were studied, laboratory (total and ionized calcium, total protein, albumin, phosphorus, creatinine, parathyroid hormone, 25(OH)D, alkaline phosphatase) and instrumental (ECHO-CG, ultrasound of the abdominal organs and retroperitoneal space) research methods.

   RESULTS. Diabetes is the leading cause of CKD among all nosological forms. The level of 25(OH)D in patients without diabetes varied from 9.04 to 152 nmol/l, with diabetes from 8.3 to 77 nmol/l. The average level of 25(OH)D in patients without diabetes (41.7 ± 26.1 nmol/l) was significantly higher than in patients with type 1 diabetes (20.3 ± 14.9 nmol/l) and type 2 diabetes (27.6 ± 19.2 nmol/l) (p = 0.005 and p = 0.003, respectively). 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency were more often recorded in patients with diabetes compared with patients without carbohydrate disorders (89 % and 10 % versus 69 % and 19 % respectively), while the optimal level was more common in patients without diabetes (12 % and 1 %, respectively).
The consensus of experts of the russian association for osteoporosis on the long-term treatment of osteoporosis with bisphosphonates
Authors: Lesnyak O. M. , Belova K. Yu. , Yevstigneeva L. P. , Fominykh M. I. , Baranova I. A. , Belaya Zh. E. , Dudinskaya E. N. , Ershova O. B. , Marchenkova L. A. , Nikitinskaya O. A. , Skripnikova I. A. , Toroptsova N. V. , Shkireeva S. Yu. , Yureneva S. V.
Published: August 2024

Bisphosphonates are the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis and reducing the risk of fractures, which were introduced into clinical practice more than 30 years ago. The bisphosphonate group includes oral (alendronic acid, risedronic acid, ibandronic acid) and parenteral (zoledronic acid, ibandronic acid) preparations. By now, quite large groups of patients with osteoporosis have been taking bisphosphonates for a long time. This fact raises questions about the preservation of the clinical effect, the development of side effects of drugs against the background of prolonged administration, as well as the possibility of cessation or interruption in their use. The document contains recommendations of the experts of the Russian Association for Osteoporosis on the management of patients with osteoporosis receiving bisphosphonate therapy based on the literature review and discussion. The recommended duration of treatment with oral and parenteral bisphosphonates, methods for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment, as well as signs that should be used when deciding on a discontinuation of the therapy or an increase in its duration are formulated. The criteria of ineffectiveness of treatment requiring its correction are discussed. A separate section is devoted to monitoring the patient during a ‘drug holiday’ in taking bisphosphonates and making a decision on resuming treatment. Recommendations are also given for the control and prevention of possible side effects and increasing persistence to bisphosphonate treatment.
Blackness at the Intersection
Authors: Mxalisa Asiphe , Sonkosi Abongile
Published: August 2024

Crenshaw, K., Andrews, K. and Wilson, K. (Eds.) 2024. Blackness at the Intersection. London: Bloomsbury Press.
Tren Algoritma InC, PID dan FLC untuk MPPT Pada Sistem Fotovoltaik: Sistematik Review
Authors: Ananda Briska Putra , Faqih Faiq Mananul , Alkindi Muhammad Faizal , Pribadi Feddy Setio , Aprilianto Rizky Ajie
Published: August 2024

Terkadang ekstraksi daya pada penggunaan sistem fotovoltaik (PV) kurang maksimal, perubahan radiasi matahari dan temperatur lingkungan menjadi salah satu penyebabnya. MPPT adalah metode untuk memaksimalkan ekstraksi daya dari PV. Beberapa penggunaan algoritma kontrol untuk MPPT pada sistem PV diusulkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa efisien metode algoritma yang digunakan untuk MPPT. Kelebihan dari algoritma yang diusulkan juga dibahas. Penelitian ini melakukan tinjauan dari 15 artikel yang diambil dari sumber database Scopus dengan rentang tahun 2020 hingga 2024. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kontroler berbasis PID paling banyak digunakan untuk MPPT. Penggunaan metode kombinasi hingga integrasi Neural Network (NN) menghasilkan nilai efisiensi yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan metode konvensional, tetapi memerlukan komputasi dan resource yang banyak. Systematic Literature Review (SLR) ini bisa menjadi pedoman untuk peneliti dalam mengembangkan algoritma untuk MPPT pada sistem PV di masa mendatang.
Scolochloa marchica Düvel, Ristow & H. Scholz – a German-Polish endemic species of the lowlands and the distribution of S. festucacea (Willd.) Lk. in Poland
Authors: Kruk Jerzy , Ristow Michael , Jedrzejczyk Iwona
Published: August 2024

In the current study, an extensive worldwide herbarium search, including over 1500 herbarium sheets of Scolochloa festucacea (Willd.) Lk., was performed to find specimens of S. marchica Düvel, Ristow & H. Scholz. The latter is a recently described new species, whose primary distribution was found to be limited to the Brandenburg region in Germany and the Wolin Island in Poland. As a result of the query, S. marchica was not identified in any regions other than those previously known. This indicates that it is a German-Polish endemic species, with a limited distribution range. Taking advantage of flow cytometry, we analysed for the first time the nuclear DNA content of both Scolochloa species and the obtained 2C values correlated exactly with their chromosome numbers. These data allowed us to put forward a hypothesis of evolution of S. marchica from S. festucacea. The new results, together with those previously published, confirmed that we deal with a distinct species. Taking into account recent records of this endemic species, it is currently known from 9 extant and 6 historical localities in Germany. Field search for the species in its only historical locality in Poland, on the Wolin Island, was unsuccessful. The critical revision of herbarium and literature records of S. festucacea from the territory of Poland allowed us to generate an updated distribution map of this declining species, which deserves special protection.
Monetary Policy Transmission in Canada – A High Frequency Identification Approach
Authors: Soosalu Matt
Published: August 2024

I study the effects of monetary policy shocks in Canada on economic and financial variables. With a narrow window around a policy announcement, I create a new set of intraday level, high-frequency monetary policy surprises using the three-month Canadian Bankers’ acceptance rate futures. I use this measure to identify monetary policy shocks as an external instrument in a monthly VAR. Following a 25 basis point contractionary policy shock, I find that the decline in output is more powerful and peaks earlier than previous empirical works show, with a peak decline of 0.5 % points after 18 months. Price level declines are similarly more powerful and earlier, reaching a decline of 0.3 % points after 24 months. In addition, increases in the credit and mortgage spreads indicate the presence of a domestic credit channel of monetary policy transmission for Canada. Finally, I show that the surprise measure is robust to information effects.
Computational chemistry unveiled: a critical analysis of theoretical coordination chemistry and nanostructured materials
Authors: Rahman Mudassir Ur. , Khan Shahab , Khan Hamayun , Ali Arshad , Sarwar Fatima
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the profound impact of advancements in computing and software on theoretical simulations, marking a transformative era in computational chemistry. Focused on theoretical coordination chemistry, it delves into the historical context and underscores the contemporary importance of computational methods. Coordination materials, involving metal atoms surrounded by ligands, are highlighted for their pivotal roles across scientific disciplines. The manipulation of ligands and metal ions within these compounds offers diverse functionalities, from catalytic modifications to enhancing oxygen transport in biological systems. The comprehensive review explores the basics of coordination materials, detailing examples across various categories. Theoretical approaches, including quantum mechanics methods like density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo simulations, are thoroughly examined. The article emphasizes crystallography techniques for Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and concludes by emphasizing the exponential growth in computing power, making modeling and simulation indispensable in molecular and material research. The development of an integrated computational strategy rooted in DFT is highlighted as a crucial advancement, bridging precision and computational practicality. This holistic approach advances understanding in coordination chemistry and nanostructured materials, paving the way for innovative applications and discoveries.
On minimal surfaces in ℍ2 × ℝ space
Authors: Senoussi Bendehiba
Published: August 2024

A surface is minimal if the mean curvature

ℋ
mean

{\mathcal{H}_{\rm mean}}

vanishes everywhere.
In this paper, we study some surfaces in the product space

ℍ
2

×
ℝ

{\mathbb{H}^{2}\times\mathbb{R}}

. In particular, we completely classify minimal surfaces.
Sobolev regularity for a class of local fractional new maximal operators
Authors: Li Rui , Tao Shuangping
Published: August 2024

This paper is devoted to studying the regularity properties for the new maximal operator

M
φ

{M_{\varphi}}

and the fractional new maximal operator

M

φ
,
β

{M_{\varphi,\beta}}

in the local case. Some new pointwise gradient estimates of

M

φ
,
Ω

{M_{\varphi,\Omega}}

and

M

φ
,
β
,
Ω

{M_{\varphi,\beta,\Omega}}

are given. Moreover, the boundedness of

M

φ
,
Ω

{M_{\varphi,\Omega}}

and

M

φ
,
β
,
Ω

{M_{\varphi,\beta,\Omega}}

on Sobolev space is established. As applications, we also obtain the bounds of the above operators on Sobolev space with zero boundary values.
On the rotations and limit cycles of solutions to the basic system of equations
Authors: Barsegian Grigor
Published: August 2024

This article discusses the rotations (windings) of solutions to the basic
system of equations

y
′

=

F
1

⁢

(
x
,
y
)

{y^{\prime}=F_{1}(x,y)}

and

x
′

=

F
2

⁢

(
x
,
y
)

{x^{\prime}=F_{2}(x,y)}

. This allows us to return to the topic of known
limit cycles from a much broader point of view, in particular, it makes it
possible to describe the conditions for the existence of limit cycles.
An investigation on explicit exact non-traveling wave solutions of the (3+1)-dimensional potential Yu–Toda–Sasa–Fukuyama equation
Authors: Guo Qianqian , Peng Xiaoming
Published: August 2024

This paper is devoted to investigating new non-traveling wave solutions for the (3 + 1)-dimensional potential Yu–Toda–Sasa–Fukuyama (YTSF) equation. By using the generalized variable separation method and extended three-wave approach, the process of solving the (3 + 1)-dimensional potential-YTSF equation is simplified and the interactions of multiple waves are revealed. With the aid of Maple, we derive thirty-six types new exact explicit non-traveling wave solutions with a like-parabolic tail. The main characteristic of these solutions is that they contain three arbitrary functions, which greatly enrich the diversity of solutions. This characteristic shows the novelty of our work. In particular, selecting suitable arbitrary functions, we can obtain traveling solutions, such as kink-wave solutions, solitary-wave solutions, kinky breather-wave solutions, singular solutions and periodic solutions. Then, some dynamical phenomena are exhibited by 3D representation, providing the complicated structure of the non-traveling wave solutions for the (3 + 1) dimensional potential-YTSF equation and their physical interpretation. In addition, our findings improve and extend the existing literature on related topics.
Comparison of two different technologies measuring the same analytes in view of the In Vitro Diagnostic Regulation (IVDR)
Authors: Stierlin Noel , Hemmerle Andreas , Jung Karin , Thumfart Jörg , Risch Martin , Risch Lorenz
Published: August 2024

Objectives

This study systematically compared the performance and comparability of two medical laboratory analytical instruments, the conventional wet chemistry analyzer (cobas) and the dry slide technology (Vitros), across various clinical chemistry assays.

Methods

The evaluation focused on assessing imprecision, inaccuracy, recovery, and method comparison using leftover patient serum samples.

Results

The results indicated good to very good agreement for most clinical chemistry analytes, with larger differences observed for comparison of serum patient samples on albumin and protein.

Conclusions

Understanding and acknowledging method-specific variations, are crucial for accurate result interpretation in clinical laboratories. This study contributes valuable insights to ongoing discussions on method standardization.
Dynamics of a multigroup stochastic SIQR epidemic model
Authors: Lamei Sanaz , Akbari Mozhgan
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we consider a multigroup stochastic SIQR epidemic model with varying total population size. After proving the existence and uniqueness of the global solution to the system, we developed sufficient conditions for the existence of an stationary ergodic distribution of the positive solutions.
Then we gave sufficient conditions for extinction of the diseases which is based on the basic reproduction number in its corresponding deterministic system.
Fast and low energy-consumption integrated Fourier-transform spectrometer based on thin-film lithium niobate
Authors: Wang Xijie , Ruan Ziliang , Chen Kaixuan , Chen Gengxin , Wang Mai , Chen Bin , Liu Liu
Published: August 2024

Integrated miniature spectrometers have impacts in industry, agriculture, and aerospace applications due to their unique advantages in portability and energy consumption. Although existing on-chip spectrometers have achieved breakthroughs in key performance metrics, such as, a high resolution and a large bandwidth, their scanning speed and energy consumption still hinder practical applications of such devices. Here, a stationary Fourier transform spectrometer is introduced based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer structure on thin-film lithium niobate. Long and low-loss spiral waveguides with electro-optic tuning are adopted as the optical path scanning elements with a half-wave voltage of 0.14 V. A high resolution of 2.1 nm and a spectral recovery with a bandwidth of 100 nm is demonstrated under a high-speed and high-voltage scanning in the range of −100 V to +100 V at up to 100 KHz. A low energy consumption in the μJ scale per scan is also achieved.
Mapping Emotion Regulation Patterns Within the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders Personality Traits
Authors: Stulcbauer Lewis B. , Chen Wai , Gross James J. , Krueger Robert F. , Preece David A.
Published: August 2024

Personality pathology is associated with emotional problems that are potentially attributable to problematic emotion regulation strategy patterns. We evaluated the emotion regulation strategies associated with the pathological personality traits in the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD). A total of 504 participants completed measures of AMPD traits and strategy usage, which were analyzed using hierarchical regressions and latent profile analysis (LPA). Regression results demonstrated that each trait was associated with a unique strategy pattern: negative affect with emotional overengagement, detachment with socialemotional avoidance, antagonism with emotional externalization/avoidance, disinhibition with emotional avoidance and overengagement, and psychoticism with strategies linked to psychotic/dissociative experiences. The LPA identified three profiles with heightened AMPD traits: an internalizing/distressed profile, an externalizing/distressed profile, and a schizoid-schizotypal profile; each had a unique strategy pattern that varied depending on trait composition. This research highlights the relevance of emotion regulation strategy patterns in the assessment, conceptualization, and treatment of personality pathology.
Exploring the Nexus: Personality Disorders and Their Impact on Violent Extremism, Radicalism, and Activism
Authors: Thomson Nicholas D. , Kjaervik Sophie L.
Published: August 2024

The escalating global concerns surrounding radicalization and violent extremism necessitate a comprehensive understanding and explanation. Identifying the risk factors associated with radicalism and violent extremism is critical to the development of risk assessment, prevention, and intervention strategies. It is imperative to distinguish these risks from civic responsibilities (i.e., activism) to safeguard individual rights. This study aims to examine the association between well-established risk factors for violence—personality disorder symptoms—and violent extremist attitudes, radicalism, and activism. Findings indicate that antisocial personality disorder symptoms were linked to violent extremist attitudes and radicalism, whereas obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms were related to activism. This suggests that obsessive-compulsive personality disorder may signify a readiness for legal and nonviolent political action; in contrast, antisocial personality disorder symptoms signify a readiness for extremist violence and illegal political action.
Memórias de família: lembranças e afetos no Museu da Baronesa
Authors: Montone Annelise
Published: August 2024

Memórias de família: lembranças e afetos no Museu da Baronesa
A schizo do olhar: quando a realidade é espetáculo de efabulação
Authors: Barberena Ricardo
Published: August 2024

A schizo do olhar: quando a realidade é espetáculo de efabulação
Memória e Patrimônio: diversidade e identidades
Authors: De Carvalho Aline Vieira , Funari Pedro Paulo
Published: August 2024

Memória e Patrimônio: diversidade e identidades
Identidade Afro-brasileira: Um diálogo entre Memória e Cultura material
Authors: Da Rosa Estefania Jaékel
Published: August 2024

Este ensaio apresenta uma breve discussão teórica sobre as perspectivas da pesquisaarqueológica na charqueada Santa Rita (Pelotas/RS). Para isso desenvolve-se um diálogodos referenciais teóricos e metodológicos da Arqueologia afro-americana e afro-brasileiracom obras historiográficas que abordam o tema da escravidão em Pelotas. O intuito éapresentar novas questões para discutir a representação da memória e da identidadeafro-brasileira em Pelotas.
Reflexões sobre o Patrimônio Cultural da Ciência e Tecnologia na Atualidade
Authors: Granato Marcus
Published: August 2024

Nesse texto fazemos uma breve discussão sobre o que constituiria opatrimônio cultural da ciência e tecnologia, ampliando as discussões já realizadasanteriormente. São apresentadas as informações mais recentes relacionadas àsiniciativas e possibilidades reais de preservação desse patrimônio no país, comdestaque para os resultados da sessão temática Ciência, Tecnologia e Cultura,ocorrida na 4ª Conferência Nacional de C&T&I, realizada em Brasília entre 26 e 28de maio desse ano. Finalmente, discute-se a concepção e o desenvolvimento doprojeto de pesquisa Valorização do Patrimônio Científico e Tecnológico Brasileiro,no âmbito do Grupo de Pesquisa em Preservação de Acervos Culturais (MAST),abordando seus objetivos, metodologia e parcerias para sua realização.
Escrever, rescrever e inventar a nação: memória e identidade em Mia Couto e José Eduardo Agualusa
Authors: Martins Aulus Mandagará
Published: August 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é aproximar duas “narrativas de nação” de autores africanos de língua portuguesa, O último voo do flamingo (2000) do moçambicano Mia Couto e O vendedor de passados (2004) do angolano José Eduardo Agualusa, verificando de que modo esses romances constroem (ou desconstroem) a identidade nacional, através de um processo que mobiliza tanto a memória ancestral quanto o passado colonialista.
Ostalgia sem lamento...
Authors: Chauliac Marina
Published: August 2024

Vinte anos após a queda do muro o termo Ostalgia adquire notabilidade conforme vai sendo significado. Longe de designar unicamente a nostalgia de um pais que desapareceu, reflete múltiplas tensões que acompanham a reunificação. Em um primeiro momento esse texto se propõe a explicar os usos dessa noção a partir de três principais discursos da Ostalgia (o discurso denunciador, o discurso de propapaganda e o discurso identitário). Em seguida se discute a realidade do sentimento de nostalgia da RDA e sua possível transmissão. A partir de dois depoentes representantes do leste alemão e ideológicamente próximos do partido comunista « Die Linke », um representando a geração que construiu a RDA e outra àquela que não conheceu a RDA, se demonstra como a vinculação com o Estado socialista não pode se resumir aos clichês veiculados pelos políticos e pela mídia, mas reflete uma complexa combinação de experiências positivas do passado, rupturas traumáticas e desilusões do presente.
O patrimônio urbano da rainha da fronteira. Bagé. RS
Authors: Gutierrez Ester Judite Bendjouya , Neutzling Simone
Published: August 2024

Esta pesquisa adotou metodologia do Sistema Integrado de Conhecimento e Gestão do Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional. A área inventariada compreendeu 101 quarteirões e 2620 prédios. O texto fez análise e leitura do tecido e do espaço urbano em relação à malha, a estrutura viária, as áreas públicas e em relação aos parcelamentos, as construções e aos prédios. Foi destaque a paisagem, fortemente marcada pelos cerros, arroios, platô, que acolheu o conjunto arquitetônico implantado em tecido homogêneo e integro. A maior freqüência de edificações no alinhamento predial, com único pavimento, manteve a continuidade dos espaços e da horizontalidade do perfil original. Alguns prédios se sobressaíram: os de linguagem eclética histórica e os revestidos com cimento penteado. Essas características indicaram que o Conjunto Histórico e Paisagístico de Bagé merece ser qualificado e preservado.
De olhos cerrados: uma experiência poética da cidade
Authors: Wendt Kelly
Published: August 2024

O presente relato de pesquisa traz reflexões acerca do processocriativo da série de trabalho De Olhos Cerrados- Cidade que evoca questõesrelativas a experiência da deambulação por Satolep. Processo que passa serfonte de criação e que pensa a cidade dentro de um contexto político e poético,vislumbrando a estética urbana e permitido ser afeta por ela.Palavras Chaves: Deambulação, Satolep, cidade, poética, olhos cerrados
STRENGTHENING OF GROUND FORCES AS AN INDICATOR OF POLAND’S FOREIGN POLICY PRIORITIES
Authors: Trunov Philip ,   INION RAS
Published: August 2024

Poland seeks to play an increased role in the confrontation between the West and Russia, in the distribution of NATO multilateral resources. Warsaw has chosen a noticeable increase of its land forces as an important attribute of its attractiveness to Western partners. The article tried to analyze the evolution of the structure and location of Polish land forces, basing on it to determine some Warsaw’s foreign policy’ priorities. Methodologically, the author relied on the provisions of the theory of armed forces’ building. If the «old» NATO member states have faced with the problem of increasing the military personnel in 2014–2023, then the «new» ones, especially Poland, in general successfully have grown their armed forces. The article compares the models of armed forces of Poland and Germany as the state which tried to make an increased contribution to NATO military groups. The difference between the rapid creation of land brigades and divisions in Polish army and the slow speed for German one is presented. This has become an advantage for Warsaw in its informal leadership dispute with Berlin. The illustrative is the location of rather powerful Polish land forces group in its western voivodeships, adjacent to Germany. Only since the end of 2010s Warsaw started to reinforce its group near Russian Kaliningrad region. Since the beginning of the 2020s Poland has begun the creation of powerful forces near Belarus, which reflected a noticeable change in its perception. The article explores of Poland for the operational use of its ground forces in Western Ukraine.
THE PARTY AND POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF GERMANY AFTER THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ELECTIONS
Authors: Belov Vladislav ,   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2024

On June 9, 2024, elections to the European Parliament were held in Germany. With active face-to-face and absentee voting, almost almost 65% of German voters cast their vote for one of the 35 German parties admitted to the electoral process. It is expected that the most votes were received by the affiliated parties. The main opposition forces – the CDU/CSU union and the protest Alternative for Germany – turned out to be the winners. The members of the government coalition were defeated, they gained almost the same number of votes in total as the Christian Democrats and their Bavarian partners. For the first time, citizens over the age of 16 took part in the elections. The author analyzes the election programs of the main parties and the voting results. In his opinion, they reflected the main processes taking place in the German party-political landscape over the past few years, including the ongoing fragmentation and change of electoral preferences. It is concluded that one of the main reasons for the changes is the rejection by German citizens of the policy of the «traffic light» government. The majority believes that it has proved unable to provide effective responses to numerous crises in the national economy. The article provides a forecast of the ability of government parties to continue their compromise-based activities and the possibility of maintaining the coalition until the next Bundestag elections in September 2025. The interim litmus test will be the upcoming September elections to the landtags of the three East German lands, in which the victory of the AFD is predicted.
NO LONGER EUROSKEPTICS: THE EVOLUTION OF THE STRATEGY OF «BROTHERS OF ITALY»
Authors: Shibkova Maria ,   MGIMO-University, Nebyanskaya Alena ,   MGIMO-University
Published: August 2024

In the European Parliament elections, the incumbent Italian Prime Minister and leader of the political party «Brothers of Italy», Giorgia Meloni, was personally leading her party’s list in all constituencies and urged citizens to vote for her if they approve of her cabinet’s policies. However, being a vivid example of a populist and personalized party, «Brothers of Italy» in this election campaign bet not only on the image of Meloni herself, but also on a new strategy of building relations with the European Union. The aim of this article is a comparative analysis of the election programs of the ruling Italian party «Brothers of Italy» for national and European elections held over the last five years. Identifying and comparing the key priorities around which these program documents were built allowed us to trace the influence of the leftist agenda on the political course of «Brothers of Italy», which is considered center-right, as well as the evolution of the party’s strategy towards the European Union – from a Eurosceptic to a Eurorealist paradigm. With the ambitious goal of repeating the success of 2022 now at the supranational level, «Brothers of Italy» aim to create a broad center-right majority in the European Parliament and send the left into opposition, but this raises the question of how far the ruling Italian coalition will be able to maintain its unity depending on the outcome of the European elections.
BRITISH MONARCHY: FROM THE PAST TO THE FUTURE?
Authors: Ostapenko Galina ,   Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arkhipova Ludmila ,   Independent researcher
Published: August 2024

The article shows the traditions of the British monarchy and at the same time steps towards its modernization. The authors return to long-standing discussions about the possibility of republicanism prevailing in the United Kingdom. The work highlights the foundations of the British monarchy; Republican trends in the activities of T. Hardy’s Independent Labor Party, other political organizations, Conservative and Labor governments, individual prime ministers and social and political figures are examined. The efforts of the anti-monarchist group «Republic» are assessed. The authors analyzed the periods of the so-called crisis of the «model family of the nation», relying on the publications of British biographers on individual members of the royal family. The article reveals the attitude of the British towards the monarchy, King Charles III and the royal family according to the results of public opinion polls. It could be argued that at this stage most Britons view the monarchy and the reign of Charles III with approval.
Enhanced Drug Dissolution of Nitrofurantoin Using a Solid Dispersion Technique
Authors: Bhosale D. S. , Kalshetti M. S.
Published: August 2024

Background: Nitrofurantoin is a BCS II drug with a low solubility and dissolution rate. Therefore, the pharmaceutical applications of nitrofurantoin are limited. The purpose of the current study was to enhance the solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability of nitrofurantoin by formulating a solid dispersion (SD).

Methods: The SD was developed using 32 factorial designs considering poloxamer 188 and the trituration time as independent variables, and solubility and drug release as dependent variables. The developed SD was characterized for solubility, FTIR, DSC, XRD, in vitro dissolution, and pharmacokinetic studies in rats.

Results: Nitrofurantoin:poloxamer 188 at a 1:1 ratio had higher solubility than nitrofurantoin. The solubility of nitrofurantoin was directly related to the amount of poloxamer 188 and trituration time. In addition, poloxamer 188 concentration was directly related to the DR45 (%), while the rate of stirring was inversely related to the DR45 (%). An FTIR study revealed excellent drug excipient compatibility. The crystallinity of the drug was decreased, which indicated a more amorphous nature of the drug in XRD and DSC studies. Compared to pure drug dispersion, the optimized formulation exhibited a 3.88-fold improvement in the bioavailability of nitrofurantoin, whereas compared to the marketed formulation, a 1.77-fold enhancement in bioavailability was noted.

Conclusion: This study indicated that SD could be a potential carrier system to enhance the solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability of nitrofurantoin.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE, LIKUIDITAS, DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS DENGAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI PADA PERUSAHAAN SUBSEKTOR TRANSPORTASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Abdullah Faizzal , Sari Maylia Pramono Sari
Published: August 2024

Like companies in general, transportation sub-sector companies must maintain the company's financial condition so that they do not experience financial distress or the stage of decline in financial condition that occurs before bankruptcy or liquidation occurs. Financial distress is a situation where a company experiences poor financial performance which is characterized by the company experiencing losses for at least two consecutive years. Financial distress occurs before the company experiences bankruptcy. Financial distress can be measured through financial reports by analyzing financial ratios. This research was conducted to test and analyze financial ratios in predicting financial distress. This research is a type of quantitative research to analyze whether leverage, liquidity and profitability can influence financial distress. The population in this research is all transportation companies in 2020-2022 with a total of 25 companies. The sample selection technique used purposive sampling, so that 75 units were obtained and significance analysis was carried out. Data is collected first using documentation techniques. The data analysis tool used is panel data regression using the Eviews 12 program. The research results show that leverage and liquidity show a negative influence on financial distress, while profitability has no effect on financial distress. Company size is able to moderate variable leverage and financial distress. However, company size is not able to moderate the influence of liquidity and profitability on financial distress. Based on this research, investors are expected to be able to make decisions to invest by considering the financial health condition of transportation subsector companies by knowing the risk level of the possibility of the company experiencing financial distress. The government's role is important in supporting companies that are experiencing financial distress, both from a financial and non financialperspective, by providing relaxation in existing policies. And for further research you can add other independent variables such as the amount of institutional ownership, good corporate government (GCG) or those that influence financial distress. Apart from that, we can add differences in the company's financial distress conditions before, during and after the Covid-19 pandemic.
Re-creation of a scientific feat
Authors: Пономарев В.И.
Published: August 2024

Представлен обзор содержания, процессов написания и воссоздания из рукописных материалов монографии В. П. Гречкина «Лесопатологическая характеристика лесов СССР по отдельным природно-географическим зонам» под редакцией Ю. И. Гниненко (2019–2021).

A review of the contents, processes of writing and reconstitution from manuscript materials of V. P. Grechkin’s monograph «Lesopathological characterization of the forests of the USSR by separate natural and geographical zones» is presented. Edited by Yu. I. Gninenko. In 3 volumes. VNIILM, 2019–2021.
Using machine learning to predict biochar yield and carbon content: Enhancing efficiency and sustainability in biomass conversion
Authors: Xu Qingsheng , Du Long , Deng Rui
Published: August 2024

The production of biochar through pyrolysis of biomass is expected to reduce dependence on traditional energy sources and mitigate global warming. However, current predictive models for biochar yield and composition are computationally intensive, complex, and lack accuracy for extrapolative scenarios. This study utilized machine learning to develop predictive models for biochar yield and carbon content based on pyrolysis data from lignocellulosic biomass. Assessing the importance of input features revealed their significant role in predicting biochar properties. The findings indicate that eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithms can accurately forecast biochar yield and carbon content based on biomass characteristics and pyrolysis conditions. This research contributes new insights into understanding biomass pyrolysis and enhancing biochar production efficiency.
Prediction of raw-wood consumption based on potential wood usage in public buildings: A quantitative approach using building construction statistics
Authors: Kim Min-Ji , Chun Sangjin , Han Yeonjung
Published: August 2024

The use of wood in the construction sector to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is garnering global interest. In South Korea, the wood usage in public buildings is limited, being influenced by factors such as the high price of wood products and their limited use in large structures. In this work the future wood consumption in South Korea is predicted based on its potential use in current public buildings. The structural wood products required for the buildings were quantified based on the available statistical data. Items investigated were the (1) number of buildings started, (2) ratio of public buildings, (3) ratio of wooden structures, (4) average floor area of wooden buildings, (5) material cost per floor, and (6) wood prices. Assuming that the buildings contain reinforced-concrete and wooden structures, the wood consumption was estimated based on the replacement ratio. The results indicated that the prices of wood products were relatively higher than those of raw timber. The number of buildings is expected to decrease in line with the expected population decline, resulting in the decrease of wood amount required for public buildings. To achieve long-term GHG-reduction goals, it is important to replace the existing public buildings in Korea with wooden structures.
Numerical and mechanical research on withdrawal capacity of parallel-to-grain connection part of mortise and loose tenon joint for wooden furniture
Authors: Chen Jie , Guan Huiyuan
Published: August 2024

The mortise and loose tenon (M<) joint is a form between mortise-and-tenon (M&T) joint and dowel. It combines the advantages of easy processing and high bonding strength and has no requirement for the shape of the tenon shoulder. However, there is a lack of research conducted separately on the parallel-to-grain part of M< joint. This study explored the withdrawal capacity of the equivalence I-type specimen to focus on the strength of the parallel-to-grain part of M< joint by conducting mechanical experiments and establishing finite element model. The results indicated that (1) The largest average pull-out load occurred at the group of 0.1 mm interference fit with the value of 16000 N, most of the joints underwent shear damage of material parallel-to-grain; (2) The maximum load of FEM is 14300 N with an error of 10.5%, so finite element model is a rational approach to predict the withdrawal strength of parallel-to-grain connection of M< joint.
Use of catastrophe theory to establish safety assessment model for timber-framed heritage buildings
Authors: Qian Wei , Li ShuaiBing , Wang Wei
Published: August 2024

Catastrophe theory was used to establish a safety assessment model to reduce the reliance on subjective judgments in evaluation of timber-framed heritage buildings. This study was conducted in three phases. Initially, a comprehensive evaluation index system was established from the perspective of foundation. It consisted of eight aspects and 25 safety evaluation indicators using superstructure load-bearing elements, maintenance structures, and their interconnections in timber-framed heritage buildings. The 25 safety evaluation indicators included foundation, base, stone piers, columns, beams, lintels (beams, pads, and other bending components), bracket sets, arches, maintenance walls, beam-brace connections, and roof structures. The bottom-level indicators in the index system were dimensionless. The second phase employed typical catastrophe models (cusp, swallowtail, and butterfly) for normalization, resulting in calculated catastrophe scales and evaluation levels. The case study of the Buddha Hall of Zhihua Temple, Beijing, was applied in the final phase. It was found that the catastrophe scales method solved the subjectivity issues in determining weights. Additionally, the calculations were found to be concise and reliable, providing accurate results. The model can be used as a theoretical reference for the future safety assessment of timber-framed heritage buildings.
Effect of caragana and corn straw mixture parameters on pellet feed unit density
Authors: Zhang Jianchao , Yu Zhihong , An Zhizhen
Published: August 2024

The unit density value is a key quality index for pellet feed production. This study presents an experimental evaluation of the unit density for the pelletizing of caragana and corn straw, under different levels of technological parameters, including moisture content, weight ratio of caragana, and particle size. Results showed that these three parameters of raw materials affected unit density. Through orthogonal test and extreme variance analysis, it was shown that the various moisture content and weight ratio of caragana had a significant effect on the density of pellets, and the influencing factors were ranked as moisture content > weight ratio of caragana > particle size of the materials. In compliance with industry standards, optimizations of the parameters resulted in a granulation density of 1.15 g/cm3 with particle size of 5 mm, moisture content of 13.4% and weight ratio of caragana of 24.8%.