bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring First Graders’ Social and Emotional Development through Situated Learning Experiences with Classroom Companion Animal
Authors: Pearce Nicole , Lake Vickie
Published: September 2019

Previous studies have shown teaching children empathy for nonhuman animals through lessons and story books can transfer to humans. Following the National Institutes of Health’s call for further research exploring the contributions of human-animal interactions to development, the purpose of the present qualitative research study was to explore first graders’ social and emotional development through situated learning experiences with a nonhuman animal in a classroom. The classroom companion animal became a catalyst for integrating humane education into academic content areas through situated learning experiences promoting social and emotional development. The findings indicate the first graders’ social and emotional skills practiced with the classroom companion animal became observable when children were interacting with each other.
The Praise of Folly and the Limits of Satiric Licence
Authors: Blumberg F.L.
Published: September 2019

In this essay, I reconsider the proposition that Erasmus’ The Praise of Folly is a satire—an attribution of genre that has long been treated as a truism. I argue that greater attention to several key sources can adjust our understanding of both the text and its kind. The article examines the early reception of Folly’s speech; a pivotal passage in the text itself; crucial translation choices; and Erasmus’ reflections on both his creation and the nature of satire. I investigate the idea of the Praise as a satire not to quibble about generic designations but to bring into relief Erasmus’ contribution to questions of creative licence during the Renaissance; in particular, the permissible scope of social critique, or how to approach the darker side of epideixis.
The (almost) unknown Italian naturalist Raffaello Bellini (1874–1930): biography, malacological publications, and status of his recent molluscan taxa
Authors: FASULO GIUSEPPE , DURACCIO SERGIO , FEDERICO ANTONIO , CROCETTA FABIO
Published: September 2019

Raffaello Bellini (1874–1930) was an almost unknown Italian naturalist who produced a wide scientific literature. He followed the “Golden Age” of the Neapolitan Malacological School and his malacological papers were particularly related to Italy, focusing on marine, freshwater, fossil, and terrestrial species. We hereby highlight and summarize Raffaello Bellini’s biography and malacological work, and revise the status of recent molluscan taxa described by him. Our bibliographic research revealed that from 1897 to 1929 Bellini published 41 papers dealing with malacology and altogether instituted 46 molluscan nominal taxa, 17 of which are based on fossil samples and 29 on recent samples. Within the latter group, 24 (13 marine, nine terrestrial, and two freshwater) taxa are potentially available, whilst five (two marine and three terrestrial) are nomina nuda. Among these 24 taxa, 13 are available, ten have infrasubspecific rank and thus are not available, and one is permanently invalid. Among available binomial names, seven are junior synonyms of valid taxa and six are nomina dubia. Gibbula umbilicaris var. acherusiae Bellini, 1903 is here considered a junior synonym of Gibbula ardens (Salis Marschlins, 1793) for the first time. Finally, three recent marine molluscan taxa were named after Raffaello Bellini. However, none of these species proved to be valid. The present paper sheds light on the work done by the latest of the “early” authors of the Neapolitan Malacological School and contributes to nomenclature and taxonomy of Recent European molluscan taxa.
Four new species of the genus Tumicla Wallengren, 1863 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)
Authors: VOLYNKIN ANTON V. , LÁSZLÓ GYULA M.
Published: September 2019

The present paper contains descriptions of four new species of the genus Tumicla Wallengren, 1863: T. elephantina sp. nov. (South Mozambique), T. mbeghai sp. nov. (NE Tanzania), T. admiranda sp. nov. (SE Democratic Republic of the Congo) and T. smithi sp. nov. (Central Zambia). The male paratype specimen of T. doa Kühne 2007 is proved to be not conspecific with the holotype female but belongs to an undescribed species described here as T. mbeghai sp. nov. rendering Tumicla doa to be known by the female holotype only. Adults, male and female genitalia of the new and related species are illustrated.
A new Scaphoideini leafhopper genus from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae), with description of two new species
Authors: FANG YONGQIN , XING JICHUN
Published: September 2019

A new genus of the tribe Scaphoideini from China, Changbaninus gen. nov., including two new species: Changbaninus furcatus sp. nov. (type species) and Changbaninus pleiospicules sp. nov. are described and illustrated, and a key to species is provided. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
Development of a Pressure–Precipitation Transmitter
Authors: Inatsu Masaru , Suematsu Tamaki , Tamaki Yuta , Nakano Naoto , Mizushima Kao , Shinohara Mizuki
Published: September 2019

A novel method is proposed to create very long term daily precipitation data for the extreme statistics by computing very long term daily sea level pressure (SLP) with the SLP emulator (a statistical multilevel regression model) and then converting the SLP into precipitation by combining statistical downscaling methods of the analog ensemble and singular value decomposition (SVD). After a review of the SLP emulator, we present a multilevel regression model constructed for each month that is based on a time series of 1000 principal components of SLPs on global reanalysis data. Simple integration of the SLP emulator provides 100-yr daily SLP data, which are temporally interpolated into a 6-h interval. Next, the pressure–precipitation transmitter (PPT) is developed to convert 6-hourly SLP to daily precipitation. The PPT makes its first-guess estimate from a composite of time frames with analogous SLP transition patterns in the learning period. The departure of SLPs from the analog ensemble is then corrected with an SVD relationship between SLPs and precipitation. The final product showed a fairly realistic precipitation pattern, displaying temporal and spatial continuity. The annual-maximum precipitation of the estimated 100-yr data extended the tail of probability distribution of the 8-yr learning data.
Characterizing the North American Monsoon in the Community Atmosphere Model: Sensitivity to Resolution and Topography
Authors: Varuolo-Clarke Arianna M. , Reed Kevin A. , Medeiros Brian
Published: September 2019

This work examines the effect of horizontal resolution and topography on the North American monsoon (NAM) in experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model. Observations are used to evaluate the fidelity of the representation of the monsoon in simulations from the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) with a standard 1.0° grid spacing and a high-resolution 0.25° grid spacing. The simulated monsoon has some realistic features, but both configurations also show precipitation biases. The default 1.0° grid spacing configuration simulates a monsoon with an annual cycle and intensity of precipitation within the observational range, but the monsoon begins and ends too gradually and does not reach far enough north. This study shows that the improved representation of topography in the high-resolution (0.25° grid spacing) configuration improves the regional circulation and therefore some aspects of the simulated monsoon compared to the 1.0° counterpart. At higher resolution, CAM5 simulates a stronger low pressure center over the American Southwest, with more realistic low-level wind flow than in the 1.0° configuration. As a result, the monsoon precipitation increases as does the amplitude of the annual cycle of precipitation. A moisture analysis sheds light on the monsoon dynamics, indicating that changes in the advection of enthalpy and moist static energy drive the differences between monsoon precipitation in CAM5 1.0° compared to the 0.25° configuration. Additional simulations confirm that these improvements are mainly due to the topographic influence on the low-level flow through the Gulf of California, and not only the increase in horizontal resolution.
Significant Increases in Extreme Precipitation and the Associations with Global Warming over the Global Land Monsoon Regions
Authors: Zhang Wenxia , Zhou Tianjun
Published: September 2019

The global land monsoon region, with substantial monsoon rainfall and hence freshwater resources, is home to nearly two-thirds of the world’s population. However, it is overwhelmed by extreme precipitation, which is more intense than that on the rest of the land. Whether extreme precipitation has changed significantly, particularly in association with global warming, remains unclear for this region. This study investigates the presence of monotonic trends in extreme precipitation and its association with global warming over the past century over the global land monsoon regions, by employing the most comprehensive, long-running, and high-quality observational extreme precipitation records currently available. Based on a total of 5066 stations with at least 50 years of records, we found significant increases in the annual maximum daily precipitation and associations with global warming in regional monsoon domains, including the southern part of the South African monsoon region, the South Asian monsoon region (dominated by India), the North American monsoon region, and the eastern part of the South American monsoon region during the period of 1901–2010, with responses to global warming of ~10.4%–14.2% K−1, 7.9%–8.3% K−1, 6.4%–10.8% K−1, and 15.1%–24.8% K−1, respectively. For the global monsoon region as a whole, significant increases in extreme precipitation and associations with global warming are also identified, but with limited spatial coverage. The qualitative results on the significance of the changes on the regional scale are generally robust against different time periods, record lengths of stations, and datasets used. The uncertainty in the quantitative results arising from limited spatial and temporal coverages and use of different datasets deserves attention.
Sialorrhoea associated with sertraline use
Authors: Şahan Ebru , Kılıçarslan Tezer , Kırpınar İsmet
Published: September 2019

Introduction

Sialorrhoea, which has been defined as excessive amount of saliva in the mouth, can be a debilitating symptom. Psychoactive drugs may cause an increase or decrease in saliva secretion. Antidepressant drugs, especially tricyclic antidepressants and less often serotonin reuptake inhibitors, are often associated with a decrease in salivation and the complaint of dry mouth.

Case presentation

A 46-year-old male patient with complaints of being depressed, lack of motivation, irritability and difficulty in falling asleep was started on sertraline treatment and had trouble with sialorrhoea after the dose increase, without other causes of hypersalivation.

Discussion

We could not find report of any case with antidepressant-associated sialorrhoea in the literature. Future cases may support a relationship between sertraline and sialorrhoea.
Exploring the Sources of Cognitive Gap Between Accountability and Performance
Authors: Hwang Kwangseon , Han Yousueng
Published: September 2019

This article decouples accountability and performance to highlight the cognitive gap in the ability to discern between accountability and performance at the street level. A qualitative content analysis of interviews from child welfare caseworkers provides several noteworthy findings. While these terms share certain common key themes, they also have different characteristics. Both terms may be understood and used interchangeably in practical applications, including serving (the children and families), responsible action (trust), following rules, completing the task, integrity/ethics, and effectiveness. Aside from the common key themes, accountability was also understood as embodying the key themes of explanation/meeting, expectation, and ownership. Conversely, performance was perceived as representing professionalism, skill, and teamwork. In general, when the frontline workers talk about process and relationships, they reference accountability and when they are discussing outcomes, they reference performance. This study highlights common and disparate characteristics associated with accountability and performance that explain why they are pursued simultaneously and why enhancing accountability sometimes does not lead to improving performance and vice versa.
Does Campaigning on Social Media Make a Difference? Evidence From Candidate Use of Twitter During the 2015 and 2017 U.K. Elections
Authors: Bright Jonathan , Hale Scott , Ganesh Bharath , Bulovsky Andrew , Margetts Helen , Howard Phil
Published: September 2019

Political campaigning on social media is a core feature of contemporary democracy. However, evidence of the effectiveness of this type of campaigning is thin. This study tests three theories linking social media to vote outcomes, using a novel 6,000 observation panel data set from two British elections. We find that Twitter-based campaigning does seem to help win votes. The impact of Twitter use is small, though comparable with campaign spending. Our data suggest that social media campaign effects are achieved through using Twitter as a broadcast mechanism. Despite much literature encouraging politicians to engage with social platforms in an interactive fashion, we find no evidence that this style of communication improves electoral outcomes. In light of our results, theories of how social media are changing processes of campaigns and elections are discussed and enhanced.
Numerical evaluation of the performance of a single-well groundwater source heat pump system in Beijing, China
Authors: Xu Tianfu , Li Fengyu , Feng Bo , Feng Guanhong , Jiang Zhenjiao
Published: September 2019

Shallow geothermal energy is stable and clean. Using a heat pump to produce groundwater and realize heating and cooling can effectively prevent haze and reduce energy consumption. To reduce engineering costs, many buildings in Beijing, China, plan to utilize single-well groundwater source heat pumps. Numerical modeling is an effective way to gain an understanding of thermal transport processes. However, wellbore-reservoir coupling and the uncertainty of productivity due to geological parameters make simulation difficult. A wellbore-reservoir-integrated fluid and heat transport model is defined by T2Well simulator to predict the productivity of a typical single-well system, with consideration of complex geological factors. The model is validated by the analytical model developed in Beijing, China. The fluid processes in the wellbore are described by 1 D non-Darcy flow, and the reservoir 3 D fluid and heat transport processes are calculated. Six crucial factors satisfying a random distribution are used, and for a single well that can supply heat for an area of 9000 m2, the output temperature during the heating season ranges from 11°C to 15°C.
Regional Integration: Do Intra-African Trade and Migration Improve Income in Africa?
Authors: Gnimassoun Blaise
Published: September 2019

Regional integration in Africa is a subject of great interest, but its impact on income has not been studied sufficiently. Using cross-sectional and panel estimations, this article examines the impact of African integration on real per capita income in Africa. Accordingly, we consider intra-African trade and migration flows as quantitative measures reflecting the intensity of regional integration. To address the endogeneity concerns, we use a gravity-based, two-stage least-squares strategy. Our results show that, from a long-term perspective, African integration has not been strong enough to generate a positive, significant, and robust impact on real per capita income in Africa. However, it does appear to be significantly income-enhancing in the short and medium terms but only through intercountry migration. These results are robust to a wide range of specifications.
Persian Pride and Prejudice: Identity Maintenance and Interest Calculations among Iranians in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Worrall James , Saleh Alam
Published: September 2019

Given the ongoing tensions between Iran and the Gulf States, it is odd that Persian speakers, and Iranians in particular, living in the Gulf’s Arab States have received so little scholarly attention. Based on extensive fieldwork in both the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Iran, this article examines conceptualizations of identity and interests within Iranian communities in the UAE. In building an understanding of the diversity of Iranians, while highlighting commonalities across their diverse spectrum, it paints a complex picture of people trapped between pride in their identity and the prejudice they face because of that identity. The article develops the concept of identity maintenance as a key tool, placing this approach within wider calculations of interests and hedging processes embarked on by Iranians within an environment that increasingly securitizes Iranian identity. The case both enriches our understanding of the mosaic of migration in the Gulf and highlights key drivers within processes of identity maintenance. These processes represent a logical outcome of the context of precarity and suspicion that pertains in the UAE, making identity maintenance both similar to and considerably different from more typical migration environments in the West.
Contemporary Prophetic and Deliverance Ministry Challenges in Africa
Authors: Tsekpoe Christian
Published: September 2019

This paper contends that in Africa, the belief in the reality of the spirit world is a persistent phenomenon, which occupies a significant place in their religiosity. By building their theologies around the existential needs of the African people, the prophetic and deliverance ministries represent a contextual approach to Christianity in Africa. Nevertheless, an examination of the strengths and weaknesses of these ministries reveal that their approach may fit well into the African cultural milieu, but their emphasis is a threat to the progress of Christian discipleship in Africa and among Africans in the diaspora. Despite their rapid numerical growth, the deliverance ministries cannot bring the African out of the fear of witchcraft and other supernatural powers. The paper concludes that to be able to mitigate the challenges of these ministries, pragmatic solutions being discussed at the academic levels must be made accessible to grassroots prophets.
Effectiveness of customized insoles in patients with Morton’s neuroma: a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial
Authors: de Oliveira Hilda Alcântara Veiga , Natour Jamil , Vassalli Mariana , Rosenfeld Andre , Jennings Fabio , Jones Anamaria
Published: September 2019

Objective:

To assess the effectiveness of customized insole in patients with Morton’s neuroma.

Design:

Double-blind randomized controlled trial with intent-to-treat analysis.

Setting:

Outpatients, University Hospital.

Subjects:

A total of 72 patients with Morton’s neuroma met the inclusion criteria and were randomly allocated to either the study group ( n = 36) or the control group ( n = 36).

Interventions:

The study group was assigned to use a customized insole with metatarsal and arch support made of ethyl vinyl acetate and the control group received a flat insole of the same material, color, and density.

Main measures:

The primary outcome measure was walking pain intensity measured by the visual analogue scale. The secondary outcomes were as follows: pain at rest, palpation, and paresthesia (visual analogue scale); functional disability (6-minute walk test, Foot Function Index, and Foot Health Status Questionnaire); quality of life (Health Survey Short Form-36 (SF-36)); and foot pressure (AM Cube FootWalk Pro program).

Results:

In the comparison between the groups over time, a statistically significant difference, with improvement in favor of the experimental group, was found for pain during walking ( P = 0.048); in the general health domains ( P < 0.001) and physical activity ( P = 0.025) of the Foot Health Status Questionnaire; in the general Foot Function Index score ( P = 0.012); and in the functional capacity domain of the SF-36 questionnaire ( P = 0.046). For the other parameters, no difference was found between groups.

Conclusion:

The study demonstrated that customized insole with metatarsal and arch support relieved walking pain and improved patient-reported measures of function in patients with Morton’s neuroma.
Brokering Intercultural Relations in the Rainbow Nation: Introducing Intercultural Marketing
Authors: Vorster Lizette , Kipnis Eva , Bebek Gaye , Demangeot Catherine
Published: September 2019

This paper considers the role of marketing in building intercultural relations in superdiverse, post-colonial societies, using post-apartheid South Africa as a case study. Drawing on neo-institutional theory, we analyze South African advertising campaigns to determine how marketing brokers intercultural relations by legitimizing social meanings conveyed through nation-building ideologies and consumers’ lived experiences. We examine whether marketing outputs align with stages of Rainbow Nation-building strategies and types of consumers’ lived experiences of South Africa’s superdiversity. We then derive a conceptualization of intercultural marketing, which we characterize as an approach focused on brokering meanings of convivial intercultural engagement and collective development of societal welfare goals. We contribute to macromarketing theory, directing attention to the important brokering role marketing has, in bridging conceptions of reconciliatory social development held by public policy makers and by societies’ populations. By conceptualizing intercultural marketing, its goals and tools, we contribute to multiculturally-sensitive marketing research and practice advancement.
The independent risk factors of early diarrhoea in enteral nutrition for ICU patients
Authors: Chen Weiting , Wang Hehao , Chen Yingzi , Yuan Danqin , Chen Renhui
Published: September 2019

Objective

To investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with diarrhoea in the early stage of enteral nutrition in critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs).

Methods

This prospective, multicentre, observational study enrolled consecutive patients who were newly admitted to ICUs and received enteral nutrition treatment. Events were observed continuously for 7 days or until patients were transferred out of the ICU after enteral nutrition. Demographic and clinical data, enteral nutrition data, diarrhoea-related data and outcomes were recorded. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the risk factors for diarrhoea.

Results

The study included 533 patients, of whom 164 (30.8%) developed diarrhoea. Diarrhoea was most commonly observed on the first to third days after starting enteral nutrition treatment. The median (interquartile range) duration of diarrhoea was 2 (1–3) days. The administration of gastrointestinal prokinetic agents, the increase in acute physiological and chronic health scores and the pyloric posterior feeding method were independent risk factors for diarrhoea.

Conclusion

The increased severity of illness, the administration of gastrointestinal prokinetic agents and the pyloric posterior feeding method were independent risk factors for diarrhoea in critically ill ICU patients undergoing enteral nutrition treatment.
Workplace Gender Pay Gaps: Does Gender Matter Less the Longer Employees Stay?
Authors: Kronberg Anne-Kathrin
Published: September 2019

Research indicates men often receive greater merit rewards than women for the same performance. It is unclear, however, whether gender differences in merit rewards narrow with increasing firm tenure or whether gender differences in merit-rewards stay constant across employees' firm-internal career. Using longitudinal personnel records of a private U.S. employer (2005–2014), the author finds no evidence for declining gender effects on pay when employees stay longer, not even among nonprofessionals where performance is easier to assess. Results contradict information-based theories and speak to status characteristics theory. Moreover, gender disparities are significant only when supervisors have discretion over merit increases.
Hard choices: Reflections from the tomb of the unknown patient
Authors: McCabe Christopher , Round Jeff
Published: September 2019

Health Technology Assessment (HTA) has always sought to incorporate the evidence of all patients affected in the decision-making process. While health system budgets could increase to cover costs of new technologies, the relevant patients are those benefitting from access to the technology being appraised. More recently, with health system budgets effectively fixed, costs of new technologies are covered by displacing other, currently funded care. This reallocation means the patients affected by the decision include those whose healthcare is displaced. These patients are typically unidentified, however, and so HTA in this instance involves choosing between identified and unidentified patients. We argue that HTA should take account of identifiability bias in this decision-making, to avoid promoting inequitable and inefficient access to healthcare.
Sensor fault diagnosis of gas turbine engines using an integrated scheme based on improved least squares support vector regression
Authors: Hu Yu , Zhu Jietang , Sun Zhensheng , Gao Lijia
Published: September 2019

As the flight envelope is widening continuously and operational capability is improving sequentially, gas turbine engines are faced with new challenges of increased operation and maintenance requirements for efficiency, reliability, and safety. The measures for security and safety and the need for reducing the life cycle cost make it necessary to develop more accurate and efficient monitoring and diagnostic schemes for the health management of gas turbine components. Sensors along the gas path are one of the components in gas turbines that play a crucial role in turbofan engines owing to their safety criticality. Failures in sensor measurements often result in serious problems affecting flight safety and performance. Therefore, this study aims to develop an online diagnosis system for gas path sensor faults in a turbofan engine. The fault diagnosis system is designed and implemented using a genetic algorithm optimized recursive reduced least squares support vector regression algorithm. This method uses a reduction technique and recursion strategy to obtain a better generalization performance and sparseness, and exploits an improved genetic algorithm to choose the optimal model parameters for improving the training precision. The effectiveness of the sensor fault diagnosis system is then validated through typical fault modes of single and dual sensors.
The Truth (?) of Wartime Rape: Memory, Form, and Meaning in Helke Sander’s Liberators Take Liberties and Wojciech Tochman’s Today We’re Going to Draw Death
Authors: Sokołowska-Paryż Marzena
Published: September 2019

This article analyzes the representational strategies used to show, narrate, and contextualize sexual violence during past military conflicts in Helke Sander’s 1992 documentary film BeFreier und BeFreite ( Liberators Take Liberties) and Wojciech Tochman’s 2010 reportage Dzisiaj narysujemy śmierć ( Today We’re Going to Draw Death). My comparative analysis of the formal strategies used by Sander and Tochman to effectively diminish various modes of “historical distance” serves to promote a discussion on the potential of each medium to evoke empathetic understanding of the trauma of wartime rape victims in the present.
Idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Caucasians: The POLYON real-life study in 50 naive patients
Authors: El Chehab Hussam , Kodjikian Laurent , Lagenaite-Desmaizère Constance , Agard Emilie , De Bats Flore , Mathis Thibaud , Dot Corinne
Published: September 2019

Objectives:

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy is a common disease in Asia, but it has been less described in the Caucasian population. The aim of this real-life observational study was to describe the diagnostic and therapeutic practices as well as the prognosis in this population.

Method:

Fifty Caucasian patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy were included in this study. All patients underwent angiography to confirm the diagnosis. Patients were divided into two treatment groups: patients of group 1 only received anti–vascular endothelial growth factor injections and those of group 2 required photodynamic therapy rescue in addition to intravitreal injections in case of suboptimal (anatomically or functionally) response. Clinical (visual acuity, fundus examination), paraclinical (retinal pigment epithelium detachment height and central retinal thickness on optical coherence tomography), and therapeutic (number of intravitreal injections) criteria were analyzed after 24 months.

Results:

Patient mean age was 73.9 ± 9.1 years, and half of the patients had age-related macular degeneration. In the whole cohort, the initial visual acuity was equivalent to the final visual acuity (59.9 ± 24.0 letters vs 62.5 ± 21.1 letters, p = 0.259). In group 1, the final visual acuity was significantly increased (from 56.9 ± 24.7 letters to 63.4 ± 21.6 letters, p = 0.016), while in group 2, it remained stable (from 61.7 ± 23.4 letters to 61.0 ± 21.4 letters, p = 0.249). The number of intravitreal injections was similar between both groups.

Conclusion:

In a Caucasian population, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy seems to have a later onset. A non-standardized management allows stabilizing the functional prognosis. Patients requiring photodynamic therapy rescue have a poorer prognosis.
Longevity of total hip arthroplasty implants in patients with Gaucher disease
Authors: Cohen Daniel , Kogan Dina , Rubin Amir , Zimran Ari , Lebel Ehud
Published: September 2019

Background:

Total hip replacement (THR) is performed for arthritic hip joints, which in Gaucher disease results from osteonecrosis of the femoral head. This procedure was recommended as valid and safe for this group of patients. Nevertheless, long term outcome has not been evaluated in a large cohort.

Methods:

Data regarding all patients having hip replacement in a relatively large Gaucher clinic was collected. Specifically, details such as patient background and quality of life, implant types, radiographic signs of implant-loosening, and success of implant revision were gathered.

Results:

The cohort included 48 patients (females 42%, mean age at operation 42 ± 14 years), having 54 hip implants. 15 years survival was 60% and an average implant life was 12.8 years. Longevity was related to implant type, with cementless implants using ceramic-on-ceramic bearing surfaces performing better than other types (no revisions so-far). Older age at surgery also involved a lower revision risk. Gender, disease genotype, and use of cement during the procedure did not have significant effect on longevity. As expected, quality of life and hip related function were better for patients who did not undergo revision. This implies the importance of long-term implant survival

Conclusion:

Based on these results we recommend THR as a viable treatment for symptomatic hip arthrosis, especially at older age. Specifically, the utilisation of ceramic on ceramic bearing surfaced shows promising result in patients with Gauchers disease.
Revisiting the governance narrative: The dynamics of developing national educational assessment policy in South Korea
Authors: Kim Taeyeon
Published: September 2019

This paper argues that the ‘new governance’ narrative should be revised and modified to reflect context-specific details of the policy sector and styles of government. I discuss the modified network governance narrative, including how the theory of bureaucracy informs the function of network governance. I then apply it to analyze a case study of Korean educational assessment policy, specifically the National Assessment of Educational Achievement, as empirical evidence to support the claim. The case study revealed that central government was a major force in the policy development, and its bureaucratic power combined with soft and hard capital was strong. Responding to central government, opposing groups tried to change the policy by forming networks for collective action, utilizing the media and discovering flexibility within bureaucratic rules, which led to partial changes of the policy in the next regime. The study concludes with several remarks that contribute to policy analysis in education: (a) the usefulness of the modified network governance framework in analyzing policy; (b) bureaucratic structures as useful resources for stakeholders in policy; (c) educational and political beliefs as critical factors in forming and tightening networks; and (d) broader implications for understanding testing policy in Asian contexts.
Memoirs and the Ars Moriendi
Authors: Gillman John
Published: September 2019

The Ars Moriendi, from the Late Middle Ages, has been revitalized and adapted for the 21st century. This paper examines how the model has been utilized by contemporary authors and how current memoirs on death and dying may function for clinical skill development.
Finite element analysis of deep drawing
Authors: Chen Dyi-Cheng , Cheng-Yu Li , Lai Yu-Yu
Published: September 2019

With the advancement of technology, aiming for achieving a greater lightness and smaller size of 3C products, parts processing technology not only needs to explore the basic scientific theory of materials but also needs to discuss the process of deep drawing numerical and the plastic deformation. This study is based on the square shape of the deep drawing numerical simulation, and aluminum alloy plastic flow stress was input into the finite element method for simulation of plastic deformation in the aluminum alloy friction, mold clamping force, and frequency, as well as amplitude in the influence of forming mechanism and the drawing ratio of aluminum alloy. Finite element analysis software has the function of grid automatic rebuild, which can rebuild the broken grid in the analysis into a complete grid shape, which can avoid the divergence caused by numerical calculation in the analysis process. The greater the obtained error value, the best plastic parameters can be found.
Microwave ablation versus resection for hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria: a propensity-score analysis
Authors: Liu Wenwu , Zou Ruhai , Wang Chenwei , Qiu Jiliang , Shen Jingxian , Liao Yadi , Yang Zhiwen , Zhang Yuanping , Wang Yongjin , Yuan Yichuan , Li Kai , Zuo Dinglan , He Wei , Zheng Yun , Li Binkui , Yuan Yunfei
Published: September 2019

Background:

Whether the efficient heat-generating mechanism of microwave ablation (MWA) is comparable with resection (RES) in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study comprised 126 and 1183 patients with HCC meeting the Milan criteria who received MWA or RES between 2002 and 2017. We compared 5-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) using both propensity-score matching (PSM) and inverse-probability-of-treatment-weighting (IPW) analysis and investigated the prognostic factors with multivariate Cox analysis.

Results:

After PSM (1:2), although MWA ( n = 116) offered decreased 5-year RFS (30.6% versus 57.5%, p < 0.001) compared with RES ( n = 212), both treatments provided similar 5-year OS (82.2% versus 80.5%, p = 0.360) because most patients with intrahepatic recurrence remained eligible for repeat treatments; similar results were found in the IPW analysis. Additionally, the comparable efficacy of MWA and RES was consistent across all subgroups: those with solitary HCC ⩽ 3.0 cm or >3.0 cm, or multifocal HCCs within the Milan criteria, patients with liver function of albumin–bilirubin grade 1 or 2, and older (⩾60 years) or younger (<60 years) patients. Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed that no difference was seen between MWA and RES in OS (hazard ratio = 0.85; p = 0.581) in the overall population; similar results were obtained in the propensity-score-matched and IPW cohorts.

Conclusions:

Compared with RES, MWA offered worse RFS for HCC within the Milan criteria; however, both treatments provided equivalent long-term OS because most patients with intrahepatic recurrence remained eligible for repeat treatments.
Process-ing with mechanism: The renaissance of critical realism in human geography?
Authors: Hsu Jinn-yuh
Published: September 2019

This paper fleshes out the advantages of critical realism in social explanation. It does so first through criticizing the obsession with process-ing in the field of geography, which uses time to explain space, for obscuring inherited social relations and key mechanism in social research. Second, the paper argues that under such a circumstance, Yeung’s ((2019) Rethinking mechanism and process in the geographical analysis of uneven development. Dialogue in Human Geography 9(3): 226–255) accusation that the conflation of process and mechanism leads to chaotic concepts makes great sense. While he distinguishes the process as a contingent change from the mechanism as a necessary relation, he combines them to explain specific and concrete outcomes. Finally, the paper argues that this insight suggests the need to return to Doreen Massey’s distinction and interaction between time- and space-dimension explanations by comparing Harvey’s views on the Marxist political economy with Ong’s assemblage thinking used when scrutinizing ‘neoliberalization’ in China. As such, the purpose of this paper is to underscore the merit of causal analysis as advocated by critical realism.
A Personalized Self-image: Gender and Branding Practices Among Journalists
Authors: Molyneux Logan
Published: September 2019

As the field of journalism becomes increasingly unrecognizable, the messages that identify the journalist, their work, and their affiliations are of increasing importance. This study envisions journalism and social media both as gendered spaces and examines their intersection as the setting of much of journalists’ branding work. In this setting, gender’s influence on the extent, style, and target of journalists’ branding efforts is examined using data from two different datasets (content analysis and survey). The findings suggest that female journalists take a more personalized approach by speaking about themselves in their profiles and their tweets and focusing more resources and attention on their individual brands. This suggests that female journalists are not well served by male-dominated news organizations and therefore turn to a more personalized self-image in their branding efforts. This understanding is particularly important as societies and newsrooms both work toward a more inclusive, egalitarian future.
Accuracy of Accelerometers for Measuring Physical Activity and Levels of Sedentary Behavior in Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lynch Brian A. , Kaufman Tara K. , Rajjo Tamim I. , Mohammed K. , Kumar Seema , Murad M. Hassan , Gentile Natalie E. , Koepp Gabriel A. , McCrady-Spitzer Shelly K. , Levine James A.
Published: September 2019

Objectives: This systematic review evaluated the accuracy of triaxial and omnidirectional accelerometers for measuring physical activity and sedentary behavior in children. Design: Systematic review of the literature. Methods: We comprehensively searched several databases for studies published from January 1996 through June 2018 that reported diagnostic accuracy measures in children and adolescents (age 3-18 years) and compared accelerometers with energy expenditure using indirect calorimetry. Results: We included 11 studies that enrolled 570 participants. All studies used indirect calorimetry as the reference standard. Across the studies, median sensitivity ranged from 46% to 96% and median specificity ranged from 71% to 96%. Median area under the curve ranged from 69% to 98%. Conclusions: Accuracy measures were greatest when detecting sedentary behavior and lowest when detecting light physical activity. Accuracy was higher when the accelerometer was placed on the hip compared with the wrist. The current evidence suggests that triaxial and omnidirectional accelerometers are accurate in measuring sedentary behavior and physical activity levels in children.
Transcriptome analysis of the effect of C-C chemokine receptor 5 deficiency on cell response to Toxoplasma gondii in brain cells
Authors: Kobayashi Kaoru , Umeda Kousuke , Ihara Fumiaki , Tanaka Sachi , Yamagishi Junya , Suzuki Yutaka , Nishikawa Yoshifumi
Published: September 2019

Background

Infection with Toxoplasma gondii is thought to damage the brain and be a risk factor for neurological and psychotic disorders. The immune response-participating chemokine system has recently been considered vital for brain cell signaling and neural functioning. Here, we investigated the effect of the deficiency of C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), which is previously reported to be associated with T. gondii infection, on gene expression in the brain during T. gondii infection and the relationship between CCR5 and the inflammatory response against T. gondii infection in the brain.

Results

We performed a genome-wide comprehensive analysis of brain cells from wild-type and CCR5-deficient mice. Mouse primary brain cells infected with T. gondii were subjected to RNA sequencing. The expression levels of some genes, especially in astrocytes and microglia, were altered by CCR5-deficiency during T. gondii infection, and the gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed an enhanced immune response in the brain cells. The expression levels of genes which were highly differentially expressed in vitro were also investigated in the mouse brains during the T. gondii infections. Among the genes tested, only Saa3 (serum amyloid A3) showed partly CCR5-dependent upregulation during the acute infection phase. However, analysis of the subacute phase showed that in addition to Saa3, Hmox1 may also contribute to the protection and/or pathology partly via the CCR5 pathway.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that CCR5 is involved in T. gondii infection in the brain where it contributes to inflammatory responses and parasite elimination. We suggest that the inflammatory response by glial cells through CCR5 might be associated with neurological injury during T. gondii infection to some extent.
Escherichia coli O157:H7: distribution, molecular characterization, antimicrobial resistance patterns and source of contamination of sheep and goat carcasses at an export abattoir, Mojdo, Ethiopia
Authors: Abreham Solomon , Teklu Akafete , Cox Eric , Sisay Tessema Tesfaye
Published: September 2019

Background

Cattle have been identified as a major reservoir of E. coli O157:H7 for human infection; the ecology of the organism in sheep and goats is less understood. This study was carried out to determine prevalence, source of infection, antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of Escherichia coli O157: H7 isolated from sheep and goat.

Methods

Systematic random sampling was carried out at Modjo export abattoir, Ethiopia, from November 2012 to April 2013 to collect 408 samples from 72 sheep and 32 goats. Samples collected were skin swabs, fecal samples, intestinal mucosal swabs and the inside and outside part of carcasses as well as carcass in contacts such as workers hands, knife, hook and carcass washing water. Then, samples were processed following standard bacteriological procedures. Non-Sorbitol fermenting colonies were tested on latex agglutination test and the positives are subjected to PCR for detection of attaching and effacing genes (eaeA) and shiga toxin producing genes (stx1 and stx2). All E. coli O157:H7 isolates were checked for their susceptibility pattern towards 15 selected antibiotics.

Results

E. coli O157:H7 were detected in only 20/408 samples (4.9%). Among these 20 positive samples, 70% (14/20), 25% (5/20) and 5% (1/20) were from sheep, goats and knife samples, respectively. No significant associations were found between carcasses and the assumed sources of contaminations. Of all the 20 isolates virulence genes were found in 10 (50%) of them; 3 (15%) with only the eaeA gene and 7(35%) expressing eaeA and stx2 genes. All the isolates were susceptible to Norfloxacin (NOR) (100%).

Conclusions

The presence of virulence genes shows E. coli O157:H7 is a potential source of human infection in Ethiopia.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying graft success in grapevine
Authors: Assunção M. , Santos C. , Brazão J. , Eiras-Dias J. E. , Fevereiro P.
Published: September 2019

Background

Grafting is an intensive commercial practice required to protect the European grapevine against the Phylloxera pest. Rootstocks resistant to this pest are hybrids of American vine species with different levels of compatibility with EuropeanVitis viniferavarieties. Aiming to understand what drives grafting compatibility in grapevine, a transcriptomic approach was used to search for master regulators of graft success. Two scion/rootstock combinations, with different levels of compatibility, were compared in a nursery-grafting context at two stages, at 21 and 80 days after grafting.

Results

In the most compatible combination, an earlier and higher expression of genes signaling the metabolic and hormonal pathways as well as a reduced expression of genes of the phenolic metabolism and of the oxidative stress response was observed. At 80 days after grafting a higher expression of transcription factors regulating vascular maintenance, differentiation and proliferation was obtained in the most compatible combination. Moreover, lower expression levels of microRNAs potentially targeting important transcription factors related to plant development was observed in the more compatible combination when compared to the less compatible one.

Conclusion

In this context, a set of regulators was selected as potential expression markers for early prediction of a compatible grafting.