bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PARAMETER PERMESINAN TERHADAP BURR FORMATION PADA PROSES MILLING DENGAN CNC ROUTER ALUMINIUM SHEET 1100
Authors: Urbeyni Fariq
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai Burr Formation pada benda aluminium sheet 1100 menggunakan metode pemesinan milling router dengan parameter kedalaman makan (1mm ; 1,5mm ; 2mm), tool (4mm ; 5mm ; 6mm), feeding (100m/menit ; 200m/menit ; 300m/menit), speed (5000rpm ; 8000rpm ; 12000rpm) dan cairan pendingin (coolant ; udara ; oli SAE 40). penelitian ini dilakukan di lab robotika jurusan Teknik Elektronika di kampus Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis. Sampel digunakan berukuran 100 x 60 mm sebanyak 27 buah yang akan mendapat perlakuan berbeda variasi diameter tool end mill, kedalaman pemakanan, feeding, speed dan cairan pendingin Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur burr formation benda kerja tersebut adalah microscpoe USB. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Taguchi dan Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai burr terendah diperoleh pada kedalaman makan 1mm, tool 6mm, feeding 50 m/menit, pendingin oli dan speed 5000 rpm yaitu 0,2288 sedangkan nilai burr tertinggi diperoleh pada kedalaman makan 1,5mm, tool 5mm, feeding 50 m/menit, pendingin coolant dan speed 12000 rpm yaitu 0,590967. bedasarkan analisys of varian (ANOVA) bahwa parameter yang paling signifikan dalam mempengaruh burr formation adalah tool dan cairan pendingin.
PERANCANGAN ULANG MACHINING FIXTURE UNTUK PRODUK CYLINDER HEAD DAN COVER CRANKCASE TIPE 168
Authors: Komara Asep Indra
Published: June 2020

The cylinder head and crankcase cover are components of an engine produced by a manufacturing company in Tangerang. Companies need to make improvements to the production process of these components in order to compete with their competitors. The improvement of the production process is done by improving the machining process stages and re-designing the engine product fixture. Actually the company already has a fixture for the engine machining process, but the fixture cannot be used to produce engine components because it still does not function properly. The problem that occurs is the deviation of the dimensions of machining results and the ineffectiveness of the machining process thereby reducing work productivity. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new fixture that is able to answer both of these problems. Fixture design through the application of the VDI 2222 method combined with the design method according to the Handbook of Jig Fixture has resulted in a fixture design and estimated new machining process time for engine components. The fixture design is then analyzed and validated using engineering software to ensure the fixture's rigidity of the clamping force, machining force, and deflection that occur during the machining process which can have an impact on dimensional deviations. Based on the results of the study conducted, a fixture design for machining cylinder head and crankcase cover products has been produced with fixture dimensions of 450 x 459 x 1125 with a weight of 190 kg. The time needed to complete the cylinder head product is 308.67 seconds and the crankcase cover is 224.19 seconds. The maximum clamping force required is 0.36 kN. Deflection that occurs in the clamping rod is 0.0048 mm, the fixture frame is 0.029 mm and the product deformation is 0.06 mm. The fixture design is expected to be able to solve the problems that exist in the company today.
RANCANG BANGUN PRESS TOOL UNTUK ALAT BENDING PELAT TIPE DIE-V AIR BENDING
Authors: SUYUTI MUHAMMAD ARSYAD
Published: June 2020

Pekerjaan pembentukan logam (metal forming) pada industri permesinan maupun pabrikasi las saat ini sangat banyak permintaan khususnya pada pekerjaan yang memerlukan proses bending. Proses bending merupakan pembentukan logam yang umumnya menggunakan lembaran pelat atau batang, baik dari bahan logam ferro maupun logam non ferro dengan cara ditekuk, yang mana dalam proses pembengkokan akan menyebabkan terjadinya pemuluran atau peregangan pada sumbu bidang netral sepanjang daerah bendingan dan menghasilkan garis bending yang lurus. Penggunaan teknologi tepat guna telah banyak digunakan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, efisiensi, dan efektivitas dalam proses produksi pada industri permesinan maupun pabrikasi las berskala kecil dan menengah. Salah satu teknologi tepat guna yang memungkinkan diterapkan dalam proses produksi khususnya pekerjaan bending pelat yaitu mesin atau alat press bearing dengan cara menambahkan dengan press tool yang dilengkapi punch dan die penekuk. Press tool adalah salah satu jenis alat bantu pembentukan, pemotongan dan penekukan produk dari bahan dasar lembaran pelat yang operasinya menggunakan mesin press. Dari penelitian telah diciptakan press tool yang dilengkapi punch penekuk dan die berbentuk V air bending. Adapun spesifikasi press tool ini yaitu: sudut punch sama dengan 85o, radius punch sama dengan 1.5 mm, panjang punch sama dengan 300 mm, sudut die sama dengan 85o, lebar bukaan die sama dengan 33 mm, jarak langkah sama dengan 19 mm.
KINERJA PENGERING PAKAIAN DENGAN MEDIA AIR PANAS MENGGUNAKAN ALAT PENUKAR KALOR BERBAHAN TEMBAGA
Authors: Setiawan Yudi
Published: June 2020

Abstrak

Pemandian Air Panas Tirta Tapta Pemali yang merupakan salah satu aset wisata alam yang terletak di desa Pemali Kecamatan Pemali, sekitar 20 km dari Kota Sungailiat.Salah satu sumber energi yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengeringkan pakaian pada obyek wisata Pemali yaitu ketersedian sumber air panas alami, dimana volume air yang keluar berlimpah. Alat pengering pakaian adalah sebuah alat/mesin yang berfungsi untuk mengeringkan pakaian dengan menggunakan sumber panas tertentu. Penelitian ini membuat Alat pengering pakaian adalah sebuah model (prototype) alat/mesin yang menggunakan sumber panas dengan suhu yang sama dengan suhu yang ada di pemandian air panas pemali. Air panas yang digunakan disamakan dengan kondisi air panas pada pemandian Tirta Tapta Pemali yaitu sekitar ±40oC.Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengalirkan air panas ke pipa-pipa tembaga pada ruang pengeringan, uap panas yang dihasilkan akan digerakkan oleh angin dari blower untuk ditujukan kepakaian. Variasi penelitian yaitu debit alir air 2,4-3 liter/menit, 5,4 - 6 liter/menit, dan 10,9 - 11,5 liter/menit. Parameter yang diuji yaitu berapakah penurunan massa pakaian dan suhu pada ruang pengeringan setiap 5 menit sekali. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata waktu tercepat untuk mengeringkan 7 buah pakaian yaitu selama 293,3menit dengan debit alir air 10,9 -11,5 liter/menit dengan rata-rata suhu ruangan teringgi 42,33 oC.

Kata Kunci : pengering, air panas , tembaga
PERAN DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DAERAH PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG DALAM PENGAWASAN TERHADAP PEMBERIAN IZIN USAHA PERKEBUNAN YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH PEMERINTAH DAERAH PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Primadi Sandra
Published: June 2020

A paradigm friction performanc e in the Parliament, and especially in terms of oversight has been pushed to the prioritize for interests and needs of the peoples. And then function of Parliament is a demanding to the implementation of functions in accordance with the expectations of the nation and society. And it has been arrenged in the Constitution number 17 of 2014 about MPR, DPR, DPD and DPRD, in this case the Parliament has already authority which is a form of representation of the people in area. That is problem to raised on my eassy is a about role. And then from the results obtained is a declare that is role and performance of Parliament Province of Bangka Belitung Islands must perspective and be a mandate to take tasks that have been given from the people, and under the supervision performance of local government the represents of aspirations and must or should be a pro-people. And that is must to do a government can functionate like a effectively and efficiently. And that is factors are a barrier of Parliament Province of Bangka Belitung Islands is a external factors that is come from outside of Parliament itself. And that conclusion in the supervision must be accordance with the aspirartions of the people and from the oustide Parliament Province of Bangka Belitung Islands.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEKERJA/BURUH PENERIMA UPAH DALAM SUATU PERUSAHAAN YANG TIDAK DIIKUTSERTAKAN DALAM KEANGGOTAAN BPJS KETENAGAKERJAAN DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 24 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG BPJS
Authors: Luthfiana Ulfa
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to know the legal protection received by labors who work in a company that is not a member of Workers Social Security Agency (BPJS Ketenagakerjaan) viewed from Law Number 24 of 2011 on BPJS. This is a jurnal empirical study. The study was conducted at the office of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Pangkalpinang, Social Services and Employment of Pangkalpinang City, KSPSI of Bangka Belitung Province. To gather the data, interviews and observation wer conducted along with library research. To analyze the data, qualitative method with interactive model was employed. The result shows that membership of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan is BPJS’ preventive step to give legal protection. Law number 24 of 2011 has firmly stipulated that sanctions will be given to employers who fail to register and pay dues for their employees. The administrative sanction takes from of written admonition, fines of IDR 1.000.000.000,00
TANGGUNG JAWAB KONSULTAN DALAM PEMBUATAN ANALISIS MENGENAI DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN (AMDAL) DI PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Yokotani Yokotani , Salfutra Reko Dwi , Wirazilmustaan Wirazilmustaan
Published: June 2020

The purposes of this research are: first, to identify and analyze the arrangement of the consultant responsibilities in making the AMDAL in Indonesia; second, to analyze and criticize the implementation of the consultant responsibilities in making the AMDAL in Bangka Belitung. Based on these purposes, so the issues that have been discussed are: first, how the arrangement of the consultant responsibilities in making the AMDAL in Indonesia?; second, how the implementation of the consultant responsibilities in making the AMDAL in Bangka Belitung?. To discuss these issues, conducted empirical legal research with the type of research the effectiveness of the law. This research proved, that: first, the consultant responsibilities in making the AMDAL regulated by the Act Number 32 of 2009 years, and the Environment Minister Regulation Number 7 of 2010 years; second, the consultant responsibilities in makin AMDAL will be completed to the extent of agreement with the proponent. Therefore, the recommendations of this research are: first, needed to optimize the enforcement of the Act Number 32 of 2009 years, and the Environment Minister Regulation Number 7 of 2010 years; second, needed more specifically regulation concerning the recognition in makin the AMDAL document.
PENGGUNAAN DISKRESI DALAM BIROKRASI PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Budianta Eka
Published: June 2020

Governance reforms should be coupled with a passion for bureaucratic reform. Good Governance must be done in an effective, clean and efficient so as to ensure the welfare and freedom of the life of the nation. The development dynamics of community life must be balanced with the development tingkal laws to regulate behavior in public life. The institutional and system rules experiencing rapid changes that aim to serve the needs of the community with excellent service then takes the free will / discretionary / Freis Emmersen owned by officials of state administration in implementing the government. Modern legal system of the country familiar with the term discretionary / Freies ermessen the free will which is owned by officials of state administration which can be used in certain circumstances. The use of discretion in the administration of government by officials of the state administration should pay attention to the rules of law that is in accordance with the intended use of such discretion is not contrary to the provisions of the legislation, based on the General Principles of Good Governance (Good Governance Principles), based on objective reasons, does not give rise to a conflict of interest; and based on good faith towards the ideals of the nation and state in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution.
HUKUM MODERN DAN PROSES PENAKLUKAN
Authors: Faisal Faisal
Published: June 2020

Scientific of modern law is strongly influenced by the emergence of the paradigm of positivism. Modern law which in various ways or road, then spread to various parts of the world, is a type of law reached the peak of its development in the 19th century in Europe. The influence of modern law can make local laws with all their local wisdom becomes alienated in your own home. This is done by a process of conquest.
DESAIN OTONOMI DAERAH DALAM KERANGKA PENEGASAN SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDENSIAL
Authors: Agustian Rio Armanda
Published: June 2020

This research is entitled “Design Of Regional Autonomy In The Affirmative Framewok Of Presidential Government Systems Affirmation:. This research is motivated by the decentralization of Indonesia which has unsymmetrical, because of the existence of specific nd special regions, further more in terms of the presedential government system there is a problem in the development of its subsystems up to regional government. Thus, understanding is needed to understand th reality and redesign of regional autonomy in regional head elections, specific and special regions, and in order to reaffirm the presidential government system in an effort to build relations between the president and regional heads. As for the method used in making this writing is a juridical method normative or doctrinal. Design Of Regional Autonomy In The Affirmative Framewok Of Presidential Government Systems, By Rio Armanda Agustian. Abstract this research is entitled Design Of Regional Autonomy In The Affirmative Framewok Of Presidential Government Systems Affirmation. This research is motivated by the decentralization of Indonesia which has symmetricity, namely the existence of special and special regions, then if viewed from the presidential government system there is a problem in the development of its subsystems to regional government. Thus, understanding is needed to  nderstand the reality and redesign of regional autonomy in regional head elections, special and special regions and in order to reaffirm the presidential government system in an effort to built relations between the president and regional heads. As for the method used in making this writing is a juridical method normative or doctrinal, because the data search is done by reviewing local government law and legislation related., and the data also related to the privilege and specificity of the region. The results of this study is themiddle solution to solve the problem can also be done by direct appointment of the governor by the president, although this is very unpopular and very risky politically, but if it starts with rational reasons, surely the people in the area will accept, and of course with a low cost as well. The direct appointment is very necessary for the president so that relations with the governor as an extension of president’s hand will be stronger.
Mewaspadai jebakan reifikasi dalam wajah industrialisasi niretika lingkungan dan kebakaran hutan
Authors: Santoso Bambang , Rustamaji Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Manusia dan kualitas hidup komunitas global sangat tergantung pada kondisi lingkungan hidupnya. Oleh karenanya, berbagai kebijakan, pengelolaan peraturan, penegakan hukum dan pengawasan teknis dilakukan dalam upaya pelestarian lingkungan biologis. Namun, pasar tunggal dengan gaya industrialisasi global seperti itu memberikan pekerjaan rumah yang rumit di sektor ekologis. Pada Konferensi Markplus 2015, Hermawan Kartajaya mengingatkan bahwa industrialisasi global, seperti pasar tunggal yang diprakarsai oleh MEA berpotensi lebih berbahaya daripada AFTA (Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas ASEAN) dan CAFTA (Perjanjian Perdagangan Bebas China-ASEAN). Dia menyatakan bahwa jika AFTA dan CAFTA hanya fokus pada aliran barang, tetapi MEA mencakup aliran barang, orang, layanan jasa, dan uang yang bebas (permodalan dan investasi). Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk menunjukkan tantangan yang harus diatasi ketika pasar industrialisasi global semisal MEA mendirikan pasar tunggal ASEAN, terutama yang terkait dengan fenomena kebakaran hutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebakaran hutan dan pasar tunggal ASEAN, secara sadar atau tidak, telah menciptakan mitos baru yang disebut rasionalitas efisiensi komoditas. Horkheimer dan Adorno dalam 'dialektika pencerahan' menjelaskan bahwa efisiensi, dalam ekonomi, adalah prinsip pasar yang melampaui semua jenis pembatasan feodal dan agama. Dengan demikian, rasionalitas disamakan dengan efisiensi. Ketika efisiensi diterapkan dalam dinamika ekonomi kapitalis, maka seluruh bidang kehidupan manusia dianggap sebagai komoditas. Akibatnya, reifikasi berlaku, yaitu ketika semuanya adalah komoditas sehingga orang tidak lagi menikmati produksi dan tanpa harus membangun hubungan sosial dalam arti yang sebenarnya. Pada titik terendah seperti itu, kerusakan ekologis tidak dapat dihindari atau bahkan dianggap sebagai harga yang pantas untuk dibayar. Hukum yang pada dasarnya merupakan percakapan etis manusia untuk menghasilkan keadilan mudah dilupakan karena keserakahan. Namun, semua kelebihan reifikasi semacam itu dapat dihindari ketika hukum masih dikejar secara progresif, sehingga hukum harus sampai pada radikalisme untuk menghancurkan kemapanan asumsi-asumsi hukum. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa hutan tidak hanya dieksplorasi untuk sumber dayanya semata-mata sesuai dengan perangkap reifikasi pasar industrialisasi global, tetapi juga harus dilestarikan untuk generasi mendatang karena mempertimbangkan ekologi yang mendalam.
Reklamasi pantai berkaitan dengan status hukum tanah dan pendapatan daerah dalam tatanan negara Indonesia
Authors: MP H Muhamad Rezky Pahlawan
Published: June 2020

The need for land has become a very important demand explosion due to the vast area of ​​the city of Jakarata which is already very dense. So that reclamation becomes one of the efforts in increasing the region as well as regional income. The purpose of this research is to provide a clear and formal explanation for both the regional government and the general public. The writing uses an empiric juridical method with a positive written legal approach that is applied to in concreto legal events in society. . This can affect the legal subjects holding rights from land reclaimed by the beach. The legal status of the legal subject to management rights is still regulated by general regulations so that it can lead to multiple interpretations of legal subjects that hold management rights from land reclaimed by the beach. Regional Governments should be able to prepare legal infrastructure in accordance with the existing laws and regulations and can also have a positive effect on the business world as well as the economic sector.
Checks and balances antara lembaga legislatif dengan eksekutif terhadap perjanjian internasional pasca putusan MK No. 13/PUU-XVI/2018
Authors: Asyikin Nehru
Published: June 2020

Putusan Hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi menyatakan Pasal 10 Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2000 bertentangan dengan Konstitusi Indonesia dan tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum mengikat, namun secara bersyarat bahwa persetujuan legislatif hanya pada jenis-jenis perjanjian tersebut pada Pasal 10. Perjanjian internasional yang dilakukan eksekutif menimbulkan paradigma terkait pengawasan dan mengimbangi eksekutif terhadap penerapan perjanjian internasional ke dalam sistem hukum nasional sehingga paradigma tersebut menghadirkan prinsip checks and balances dikeduanya. legislatif memiliki kewenangan penuh berada untuk mengkaji peraturan yang hendak di ratifikasi yang bersumber dari perjanjian internasional bertentangan dengan UUD atau tidak. Kontrol legislatif terletak pada Pasal 11 ayat 2 UUD apabila perjanjian internasional itu menimbulkan dampak bagi kehidupan rakyat terkait dengan beban keuangan Negara dan perasyarat menurut Pasal 10 UU Nomor 24 tahun 2000 tentang perjanjian internasional. Sedangkan hak presiden untuk mengeluarkan Keputusan Presiden hanya sebatas evaluasi saja kepada Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, dimaknai sebagai proses menilai norma-norma yang berlaku di Indonesia sehingga ratifikasi melalui Keputusan Presiden tidak bersifat menolak tetapi mengevaluasi dan dikembalikan kepada Presiden untuk di terbitkan dalam lembaran negara. Sama halnya dengan menteri, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat diposisikan sebagai lembaga yang diminta pertimbangan atau konsultasi saja, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat tidak memiliki kewenangan untuk membatalkan kebijakan yang akan diambil Menteri tersebut.
Religion and the Law in Jonson’s Bartholomew Fair
Authors: Ferreira-Ross Jeanette
Published: June 2020

In Bartholomew Fair, Jonson, speaking for the Establishment, debunks the presumptuous "singularity" of extreme Puritans, demonstrating the folly of "authority" which is rooted not in traditional structures of church and state but in excentricity and private fancies. Jonson's satirical method combines parodic allusion with the reductive method of caricature. As would be moralists, Busy and Overdo are cowed into submission by the plea for a larger humanity which places hypocritical meddlesomeness within the wider context of a social structure embracing both civil order and the stage.
The Tridentine Ruling on the Vulgate and Ecclesiastical Censorship in the 1580s
Authors: McCuaig William
Published: June 2020

Four works by the historian Carlo Sigonio (1523-1584) were made the target of censures by ecclesiastical authorities in the early 1580s. His works were never put on the index of prohibited books, but the censures reveal the mentality and concerns of the censors more clearly than any other surviving documentation from this period. This article examines the censures directed against Sigonio's historical investigation of Old Testament history. By using sources such as the Greek text of the Old Testament, Philo, and Josephus, Sigonio committed the error of Judaizing.
Colliding Discourses: John Donne's "Obsequies to the Lord Harington" and the New Historicism
Authors: Hurley Ann
Published: June 2020

This essay seeks to develop new critical procedures to better serve works like John Donne's "Obsequies to the Lord Harington." It argues that Donne's "Obsequies" is more profitably approached by readings which de-emphasize the valorization of personality and presence which have so dominated Donne studies in the past. For example, by focusing on a variety of discourses, rather than a single personalized "voice," one discovers in this poem a richly complex fabric of cultural, economic and social ideologies. The poem is thus restored to readability and its cultural contexts recaptured for future discussion.
Montaigne's Vanity: Reading Digressions on Travel
Authors: Green Virginia M.
Published: June 2020

The theme of travel, prominent in the essay "De la Vanité" (III, 9), and the subject of many of its "digressions," serves, in a sense, to disguise the more central and unifying theme of vanity. The question of vanity lies behind all of Montaigne's so-called "digressions" on travel, which are not really digressions from his stated theme at all, but rather ways of recasting and examining vanity in a more personal vein. Travel is perhaps the essayist’s chief vanity; yet, despite its inherent vanity, Montaigne takes great pleasure in this self-indulgence.
Distributed Donne: A Response to the Problem of His Titles
Authors: Lull Janis
Published: June 2020

Most of the titles traditionally associated with Donne's poems probably did not originate with the biographical Donne. When modern editors use these titles, they expand Donne's authorial "self" to include the literary judgments of the poet's first readers as well as their own literary judgments. Assimilating such non-authorial choices to the self of the author has two things to recommend it: it is consistent with the practices of the interactive literary subculture to which Donne chose to belong, and it offers an alternative for those who can no longer believe in intentionalism as the only principle of editorial choice.
The Development of Hispanitas in Spanish Sixteenth-Century Versions of the Fall of Numancia
Authors: Schmidt Rachel
Published: June 2020

The story of the Celtiberian town of Numancia and its fall in 133 B.C., as seen in the writings of Livy, Plutarch and others, was a well established topos in sixteenth-century Spain. The accounts of the bravery of the Numantians in defending their besieged city formed the basis for hispanitas, the gradual construction of a Spanish national identity. This paper examines the circulation of the tale of Numancia in four writers of the period: Antonio Guevara, Ambrosio de Morales, Fernando de Herrera, and Miguel de Cervantes.
“To Warn Proud Cities”: a Topical Reference in Milton’s “Airy Knights” Simile (Paradise Lost II.531-8)
Authors: Leonard John
Published: June 2020

In Paradise Lost II.531-8 modern editors often see an allusion to Josephus’ account of armies appearing in the sky shortly before the fall of Jerusalem. In fact, reports of spectral soldiers and aerial battles were quite common in seventeenth-century English pamphlets, such as Mirabilis Annus and Five Strange Wonders. Airy apparitions do not seem to have held much fascination for Milton. But this does not mean that he could not exploit their popular appeal and their political symbolism in Paradise Lost.
The English Enchiridion Militis Christiani in the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Centuries
Authors: Parker Douglas H.
Published: June 2020

Following earlier articles in Renaissance and Reformation and Erasmus in English, this paper examines the fate of Erasmus's Enchiridion Militis Christiani in three late editions published in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. Again in 1686, 1752, and 1816, Erasmus's work was called upon to support Catholic and Protestant convictions alike.
Observations on Milton’s Accents
Authors: Hale John K.
Published: June 2020

Milton’s diacritics in six languages, though mostly typical of his time, allow some inferences about his language attainments and scholarship. For Latin verse, he uses accents to disambiguate rhythm or meaning. For Greek scholarship, he is punctilious. Italian authors are culture to him, French ones merely data. His Hebrew accents suggest neither a theological fundamentalist nor a textual conservative. His English verse ones reflect both etymology and rhythm, but where these part company he gives priority to rhythm.
“The Obedience due to Princes”: Absolutism in Pseudo-Martyr
Authors: Jensen Phebe
Published: June 2020

This paper attempts to tease out the contemporary political resonances found in John Donne’s Pseudo-Martyr. While it is true that Pseudo-Martyr aligns itself with absolutism, it does so in a very complex and ambivalent manner, rejecting political patriarchalism and adopting a moderate sense of the obedience due to the monarch.
"Saper la mente della soa Beatitudine": Pope Paul II and the ambassadorial community in Rome (1464-71)
Authors: Dover Paul M.
Published: June 2020

Cet article examine la pratique des ambassadeurs envoyés par les états italiens à la cour du pape Paul II (1464–71), en se concentrant en particulier sur la façon dont ils ont assumé leur rôle d’informateur. Puisque Paul était un pape instable, impénétrable et souvent inaccessible, les ambassadeurs ont souvent été dans l’obligation d’obtenir des informations au sujet du pape et de ses intentions de manière indirecte. En s’appuyant largement sur la correspondance diplomatique romaine durant le pontificat de Paul, cet article montre comment les ambassadeurs se sont construit des réseaux de contacts au sein même de la cour papale afin de s’assurer un apport continu d’informations utiles et ce, en temps voulu. Ces réseaux comptaient donc des membres de toute la communauté évoluant autour de la papauté, incluant des cardinaux bien placés, des fonctionnaires ecclésiastiques, d’autres ambassadeurs, des agents politiques, aussi bien que plusieurs informateurs des hiérarchies inférieures. Rome était, en effet, un marché de l’information, si bien que les ambassadeurs devaient utiliser toutes leurs compétences pour entrer en possession des informations les meilleures et les plus précieuses.
The "sweet-gorged Maw": Feeding and Physic in the Elizabethan Dramatic Life of Sir Thomas More
Authors: Fitzpatrick Joan
Published: June 2020

La description que fait Anthony Munday de Sir Thomas More dans la pièce de théâtre du même nom est cohérente avec l’approche anti-catholique de Munday observable dans ses autres écrits, ainsi qu’avec son caractère fuyant. À travers toute cette pièce, des préoccupations au sujet de la sécurité nationale et du comportement des étrangers sont exprimés en termes de nourriture et d’alimentation, lesquelles marquent également la représentation de More. Alors que les biographes du martyr Thomas More le dépeignent comme un catholique modéré, voire ascétique, la pièce de Munday révèle plutôt un Thomas More davantage enclin aux plaisirs culinaires, avec le résultat qu’il y est présenté comme un hypocrite.
Les orateurs de «La Pléiade» à l'Académie du Palais (1576): étude d'un album manuscrit ayant appartenu à Marguerite de Valois
Authors: Rouget François
Published: June 2020

According to contemporary observers, in the years from 1576 to 1579 Henry III brought together groups of orators-men and women, poets and courtiers-to discuss questions of moral philosophy. This happened both in Paris, and in provincial towns such as Blois and Ollainville. Several of the speeches given by these diverse orators remain extant. Among the spectators was Marguerite de Valois, who ordered the transcription of thirteen speeches that were pronounced during the January-February period of 1576. This album, preserved in a beautifully-bound manuscript, provides an interesting testimony to the intellectual curiosity of Marguerite and to the abiding interest of the king and his court in the domain of eloquence. The present article describes the context in which Marguerite de Valois participated in the first sessions of the Palace Academy, and presents the manuscript volume containing several, palpable traces of her reading of the texts. It also evaluates the contribution of some poets from Marguerite's entourage, such as Ronsard, Desportes, Baïf and Jamyn, and examines aspects of their philosophical debates as well as their oratorical skills.
L'invention rhétorique dans la Rhetorique françoise faicte particulierement pour le roy Henri III de Germain Forget
Authors: Nassichuk John
Published: June 2020

This article examines the place given to the part of rhetoric known as "invention" in the Rhetorique françoise faicte particulierement pour le roy Henry III, a treatise which has been attributed to the jurist Germain Forget. First, this study underlines the relative importance, in Forget's treatise, of this category which traditionally occupies the first place in the ordered disposition of ancient rhetorical treatises. In comparison, reference is made to two other contemporary treatises. Then, second, the analysis shows that the author favours a general idea of invention setting it apart from the technical considerations pertaining to specific theories of "causes". Finally, the third part of the study proposes the hypothesis that this general idea of invention, inspired by Quintilian, bears the stamp of contemporary Humanism, in particular that of the adherents, in the tradition of Erasmus and Politian, to the theory commonly known as "innutrition". At a time when the last of the Valois kings ardently wished to become a father, even commanding that public prayers be recited to this effect, the theory of rhetorical invention rests, perhaps appropriately, on humanist ideas concerning pedagogy.
Henri III épistolier: rhétorique royale de la lettre familière
Authors: Vaillancourt Luc
Published: June 2020

It might seem surprising to find, in a royal correspondence dedicated primarily to the task of public administration, elements of informal expression, an obvious informal tone of personal concern, and even numerous signs of friendly consort. Since the royal person remains indistinguishable from his function, he avoids with greater difficulty than others the hierarchical imperatives that determine epistolary exchanges. Even so, the letters addressed by Henry III to his court favourites and to state secretary Villeroy are particular in that they exhibit an exemplary sociability that invites reciprocity within the master-servant relationship. The present article aims to show that this rhetoric of familiarity contributes to an expression of favour which strengthens a privileged mode of communication, which constitutes a real pact of fidelity. Indeed, epistolary correspondence is seen as much more than a simple administrative expedient, or a means of long-distance communication. It is seen rather as a political technique which is useful in serving the mutual interest of the correspondents.
The Female Tongue as Translator in Thomas Tomkis's Lingua, or The Combat of the Tongue and the Five Senses for Superiority
Authors: Ellerbeck Erin
Published: June 2020

Les universités du début des temps modernes étaient des bastions de la langue latine: longtemps après que l'anglais ait été établi comme «langue maternelle» de l'Angleterre, le savoir était publié et enseigné en latin. La langue latine était donc associée avec la formation de l'élite masculine, et contribuait à la séparation des classes instruites des profanes. Cet article examine le rôle de la traductrice dans la pièce de théâtre de Thomas Tomkis, Lingua, or The Combat of the Tongue and the Five Senses for Superiority (1607), présentée comme une comédie savante en langue vernaculaire. Le personnage éponyme représente la langue et le discours. «Lingua» est une oratrice puissante et une traductrice hors-pair de textes académiques. Elle est donc dans la pièce l'ennemi de la société savante. «Lingua» est ainsi représentée comme une force menaçante de changement culturel et social: elle est capable à la fois de participer aux échanges savants et de communiquer le savoir aux profanes, détruisant ainsi le clivage entre les instruits et les ignorants. La pièce de théâtre présente donc la langue féminine en tant qu'acteur associé à la dissémination de la connaissance.
Launching stakeholder discussions on identified regulatory needs for nanotechnology-enabled health products
Authors: Halamoda-Kenzaoui Blanka , Box Helen , van Elk Merel , Gaitan Sandra , Geertsma Robert E. , Gainza Lafuente Eusebio , Owen Andrew , del Pozo Angel , Roesslein Matthias , Bremer-Hoffmann Susanne
Published: June 2020

The development of nanotechnology-enabled health products offers innovative therapeutic and diagnostic opportunities to address medical needs. At the moment, no specific regulatory framework exists for such products since they can be covered by the existing frameworks for medicinal products and medical devices. However, these frameworks do require additional guidance to fully cover the particularities of nanotechnology-enabled products. After a detailed analysis of regulatory guidance documents, standards, and scientific publications originating mainly from Europe and the US, the European project “REFINE” has released a White Paper summarising the main needs in the field. The selection of the regulatory pathway, the identification of regulatory information needs, as well as the availability of standardised testing methods are among the identified regulatory challenges.

Furthermore, additional guidance is needed on how the similarity of follow-on medicinal products can be demonstrated. Also, challenges related to the classification and assessment of nanotechnology-enabled medical devices are presented. The project consortium is now collecting feedback on the identified challenges through a dedicated survey and published comments on this manuscript. The resulting discussions within the scientific community should help to understand how essential knowledge, methods, tools, and approaches can be obtained with to advance the regulatory science in the area of nanotechnology-enabled health products.
KEMAPANAN SISTEM DEMOKRASI DI INDONESIA (Antara Demokrasi Islam Versus Demokrasi Barat) (Review)
Authors: Djumat Irwan
Published: June 2020

Demokrasi kini telah menjadi bagian terpenting dari kehidupan manusia. Demokrasi sebagai suatu sistem telah dijadikan alternatif dalam berbagai tatanan aktifitas kehidupan bermasyarakat dan bernegara. Terdapat dua alasan dijadikannya demokrasi sebagai sistem bermasyarakat dan bernegara, Pertama, hampir semua negara di dunia ini telah menjadikan demokrasi sebagai asas yang fundamental; kedua, demokrasi sebagai asas kenegaraan secara esensial telah memberikan arah bagi peranan masyarakat untuk menyelenggarkan negara sebagai organisasi tertingginya. Dalam prakteknya di Indonesia masih terbelenggu oleh demokrasi Islam ataukah Barat. Namun demikian intin dari demokrasi adalah dari rakyat, oleh rakyat dan untuk rakyat. Artinya pemerintahan memberikan penekanan pada keberadaan kekuasaan di tangan rakyat, baik dalam penyelenggaraan negara maupun pemerintahan. Kekuasaan pemerintahan berada di tangan rakyat mengandung arti; pertama, pemerintahan dari rakyat (goverment of the  people) mengandung pengertian yang berhubungan dengan pemerintahan yang sah dan diakui (legitimate government); kedua, pemerintahan oleh rakyat (goverment by people), yakni suatu pemerintahan yang menjalankan kekuasaan atas nama rakyat, bukan atas dorongan dan keinginan sendiri; ketiga, pemerintahan untuk rakyat (government for the people), mengandung pengertian bahwa kekuasaan yang diberikan oleh rakyat kepada pemerintah harus dijalankan untuk kepentingan rakyat.
PERILAKU PENYIMPANGAN SOSIAL PADA KALANGAN REMAJA KELURAHAN AKEHUDA KOTA TERNATE UTARA
Authors: Muhammad Syahril , Kaimudin Mhd. Asikin
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku menyimpang sosial pada kalang remaja di Kelurahan Akehuda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan objek penelitian meliputi pimpinan kelurahan (Lurah), Tokoh Masyarakat, Ketua Pemuda, Guru, RT, Ibu/bapak pemilik rumah sewa (indekos). Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang terkumpul kemudian direduksi, dan ditarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku penyimpangan sosial ialah bentuk tindakan yang bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai adat dan norma yang berlaku di masyarakat, seperti miras, tawuran, judi, dan narkoba. Adapun faktor penyebab terjadinya perilaku penyimpangan sosial yang di lakukan oleh para remaja di kelurahan Akehuda yaitu Faktor keluarga, pergaulan,  lingkungan, dan pendidikan. Perilaku menyimpang ini telah membawa dampak negatif pada keluarga dan diri sendiri, seperti orang tua di mata masyarakat sangat buruk dan terhina. Dampak dalam diri sendiri pun sangat besar seperti gangguan psikologi dan bahkan ada yang mengalami cacat fisik.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS GEOGRAFI SISWA KELAS VIII MTS AR-RIDHA PAISUMBAOS HALMAHERA-SELATAN
Authors: Kusrini Kusrini , Mustafa Fahran
Published: June 2020

Model problem based learning (PBL) adalah model pembelajaran yang memberi pengertian lebih mendalam serta menekankan pada pengembangan penalaran dan ketrampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang ditunjukkan dengan mendorong siswa untuk mempergunakan analisis kritis dalam pemecahan masalah.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada kelas VIII MTs Ar-Ridha Paisumbaos Halmahera Selatan dengan penerapan pembelajaran melalui model Problem Based Learning (PBL). Desain penilitian adalah penilitian tindakan kelas dengan instrument yang digunakan adalah soal tes, lembar observasi guru dan siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini dapat ditunjukkan dengan perolehan rata-rata skor hasil belajar siswa sebesar 20% (siklus I) meningkat menjadi 80% (siklus II). Selain itu, aktivitas belajar siswa meningkat yang ditunjukkan dengan perolehan rata-rata skor aktivitas siswa sebesar 70% (siklus I) meningkat menjadi 100% (siklus II). Penerapan pembelajaran model Problem Based Learning (PBL), juga dapat meningkatkan ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa, yaitu jumlah siswa yang tuntas belajar pada siklus I adalah 8 siswa (58,33%) meningkat menjadi 25 siswa (95%) pada siklus II dari jumlah siswa 25 orang. Selain itu, aktivitas proses belajar mengajar guru meningkat yang ditunjukkan dengan perolehan rata-rata skor aktivitas proses belajar mengajar guru sebesar 70% (siklus I) meningkat menjadi 100% (siklus II). Kata Kunci:  Model pembelajaran PBL, hasil belajar, IPS geografi
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM MENYUSUN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN (RPP) MELALUI SUPERVISI AKADEMIK OLEH KEPALA SEKOLAH DI SD NEGERI 43 KOTA TERNATE TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017–2018
Authors: Ali Rusni Hi
Published: June 2020

Pendidikan adalah salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk memperbaiki sumber daya manusia. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk memperbaiki sumberdaya manusia adalah dengan memperbaiki proses pembelajaran di sekolah. Proses pembelajaran dikelas dilaksanakan harus berdasarkan rencana yang telah disusun yang disebut Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP). RPP dari guru harusnya diperiksa oleh kepala sekolah. Karena salah satu tugas kepala sekolah adalah Supervisi akademik yang merupakan kegiatan terencana yang ditujukan pada aspek kualitatif sekolah dengan membantu guru melalui dukungan dan evaluasi pada proses belajar dan pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar. Salah satu materi yang disupervisi adalah Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) . bagian dari perencanaan pembelajaran yang sangat penting dibuat oleh guru sebagai pengarah pembelajaran adalah Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP). Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) adalah instrumen perencanaan yang lebih spesifik dari silabus. Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran ini dibuat untuk memandu guru dalam mengajar agar tidak melebar jauh dari tujuan pembelajaran. Hasil supervisi akademik terbukti secara ilmiah dapat meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun RPP di SD Negeri 43 Kota Ternate. Ini terbukti dengan meningkatnya jumlah RPP guru yang baik dari dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2 , dengan peningkatan  31% menjadi 83% setelah supervisi akademik.Kata Kunci: Peningkatan kemampuan guru, supervisi akademik, RPP
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS GURU SDN 49 TERNATE DALAM PENGEMBANGAN INDIKATOR PENCAPAIAN KEBERHASILAN PADA SILABUS MELALUI POS PELATIHAN SEDERHANA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Nur Sofyan M
Published: June 2020

Pada saat peneliti mengadakan supervisi akademik, ada beberapa hal  yang peneliti temui, diantaranya guru belum mampu mengembangkan Indikator Pencapaian Keberhasilan pada silabus, jika indikator pencapaian keberhasilannya belum mampu dibuat oleh guru, maka akan berdampak pada proses pembelajaran di kelas. Untuk meningkatkan pemahaman guru tentang pembuatan indikator pencapaian keberhasilan dengan benar, maka melalui pos pelatihan sederhana dalam Kelompok Kerja Guru (KKG) menjadi salah satu alternatif dan bisa menjadi solusi untuk perbaikan-perbaikannya. Prosedur pelaksanaan penelitian tindakan yang dilakukan melalui empat tahapan, yaitu perencanaan (planning), pelaksanaan tindakan (acting), pengamatan (observing), dan refleksi (reflecting), dan dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Hasil pada sikulus I rata-rata pemahaman guru tentang KKO dan penggunaannya dalam pengembangan indikator masih kurang (36%). Demikian juga rata-rata kemampuan guru kelas dalam pengembangan indikator masih kurang (38,50%). Penelitian dilanjutkan ke siklus II, hasilnya terlihat ada rata-rata peningkatan pemahaman mereka (guru) tentang KKO dan penggunaanya dalam pengembangan indikator tersebut, dari 36% menjadi 81%, dan pengembangan indikator dalam penyusunan silabus meningkat, yakni dari rata-rata  38,50% (Siklus I) menjadi 76%. Dan rata rata prosentase aktivitas guru dalam kegiatan pengembangan indikator juga meningkat dari 81,60% (siklus I) menjadi 94% (siklus II). Para guru menyambut baik program kegiatan pengembangan indikator ini dan menyatakan kepuasan dengan kegiatan di forum ini.Kata Kunci: Peningkatan kualitas Guru, indikator pencapaian keberhasilah, Kelompok Kerja Guru (KKG)
Gynecologic Risk Mitigation Considerations for Long-Duration Spaceflight
Authors: Steller Jon G. , Blue Rebecca S. , Burns Roshan , Bayuse Tina M. , Antonsen Erik L. , Jain Varsha , Blackwell Michele M. , Jennings Richard T.
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION: As NASA and its international partners, as well as the commercial spaceflight industry, prepare for missions of increasing duration and venturing outside of low-Earth orbit, mitigation of medical risk is of high priority. Gynecologic considerations constitute one
facet of medical risk for female astronauts. This manuscript will review the preflight, in-flight, and postflight clinical evaluation, management, and prevention considerations for reducing gynecologic and reproductive risks in female astronauts.METHODS: Relevant gynecological articles
from databases including Ovid, Medline, Web of Science, various medical libraries, and NASA archives were evaluated for this review. In particular, articles addressing preventive measures or management of conditions in resource-limited environments were evaluated for applicability to future
long-duration exploration spaceflight.RESULTS: Topics including abnormal uterine bleeding, anemia, bone mineral density, ovarian cysts, venous thromboembolism, contraception, fertility, and health maintenance were reviewed. Prevention and treatment strategies are discussed with
a focus on management options that consider limitations of onboard medical capabilities.DISCUSSION: Long-duration exploration spaceflight will introduce new challenges for maintenance of gynecological and reproductive health. The impact of the space environment outside of low-Earth
orbit on gynecological concerns remains unknown, with factors such as increased particle radiation exposure adding complexity and potential risk. While the most effective means of minimizing the impact of gynecologic or reproductive pathology for female astronauts is screening and prevention,
gynecological concerns can arise unpredictably as they do on Earth. Careful consideration of gynecological risks and potential adverse events during spaceflight is a critical component to risk analysis and preventive medicine for future exploration missions.Steller JG, Blue RS, Burns
R, Bayuse TM, Antonsen EL, Jain V, Blackwell MM, Jennings RT. Gynecologic risk mitigation considerations for long-duration spaceflight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(7):543–564.
Total Ankle Replacement in a Military Jet Pilot
Authors: Verde Paola , Guardigli Stefano , Morgagni Fabio , Roberts Steve , Monopoli Donato , Scala Andrea
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION: A total ankle replacement in a jet pilot after an open, high-energy foot and ankle fracture and dislocation with talar extrusion in a plane crash was carefully evaluated before considering fitness to fly.CASE REPORT: A 33-yr-old male test pilot of the
Italian Air Force was involved in a plane crash and reported an open high-energy fracture/dislocation of the right ankle, with the expulsion of the right talus due to the impact, and other fractures. A titanium replica was inserted inside the ankle. However, the patient suffered from intolerable
pain and developed arthritic changes in the cartilage of the tibial plafond. For these reasons, a decision was made to perform a custom-made total ankle replacement.DISCUSSION: The 2-yr follow-up after the last operation and the evaluation of the pilot’s fitness to fly are
reported in this case study. The pilot was assessed fit to fly, including high performance military aircrafts.Verde P, Guardigli S, Morgagni F, Roberts S, Monopoli D, Scala A. Total ankle replacement in a military jet pilot. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(7):597–603.