bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perilaku Statik Dan Dinamik Dinding Geser Rangka Laminated Veneer Lumber dengan Panel Fiber Cement Board
Authors: Hadi Maryoko
Published: January 2023

Dinding geser dengan dan tanpa bukaan telah lazim digunakan sebagai elemen struktural, baik sebagai dinding maupun partisi antar ruang pada rumah tinggal di Indonesia. Rumah harus tetap berdiri ketika gempa bumi datang dan menimbulkan gaya inersia yang mendorong rumah pada arah horisontal. Tipe alternatif struktur komposit yang terbuat dari kayu dan bahan berbasis semen diharapkan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tahan gempa di Indonesia. Untuk dapat memahami mekanisme ketahanan dinding geser terhadap gaya gempa, diperlukan kajian perilaku terhadap beban siklik statik, dan beban dinamik. Kajian ekperimental statik dan dinamik dengan spesimen skala-penuh dilakukan pada dinding geser yang terbuat dari rangka kayu rekayasa Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) berbahan dasar kayu Sengon (Paraserianthes Falcataria) dan kayu Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis), dengan panel penutup rangka Fiber Cement Board (FCB). Analisis hasil uji dengan pendekatan teoritis, dilakukan untuk dapat memprediksi kekakuan awal statis dan kuat leleh serta sifat dinamik dasar dinding geser LVL & FCB. Untuk perilaku statik, hasil yang baik diperoleh dari perbandingan antara hasil pengujian dan prediksi teoritis berdasarkan model mekanika yang diusulkan. Sedangkan, untuk perilaku dinamik, hasil tidak cukup baik karena ada efek lentur dan guling pada spesimen. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini akan berguna untuk praktisi dan perancang struktur dalam merancang struktur rumah kayu tahan gempa dengan kinerja tinggi namun dengan biaya konstruksi rendah.
Pengukuran Resistansi Termal Bahan Bangunan dengan Metode Aliran Kalor dalam Lingkungan Terkondisi
Authors: Suhedi Fefen
Published: January 2023

Data sifat termal bahan bangunan diperlukan dalam perancangan maupun evaluasi kondisi eksisting bangunan gedung yang terkait dengan kenyamanan termal dan energi bangunan. Resistansi termal, konduktansi  termal,  dan konduktivitas termal adalah  diantara parameter-parameter untuk menyatakan sifat termal bahan. Salah satu metode untuk menentukan nilai resistansi termal bahan bangunan adalah ASTM C1155 yang menggunakan metode aliran kalor (heat flux) dengan pengambilan data secara in situ untuk   mengevaluasi resistansi   termal   bahan.   Kajian   ini   merupakan   studi   awal   untuk   menjajaki kemungkinan penggunaan instrumen pengukuran insitu dalam skala laboratorium. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan prinsip aliran kalor tetapi dilakukan di lingkungan yang terkontrol. Sebuah ruang pengukuran yang terkondisi telah dibuat yang terdiri dari kotak panas, kotak sampel, dan kotak dingin. Dua buah pemanas elektrik 500W digunakan untuk memanaskan udara di kotak panas, sedangkan udara di kotak dingin didinginkan menggunakan mesin pengondisi udara berkapasitas 5000 kBtu/jam. Sampel yang akan diukur diletakkan  pada kotak  sampel yang memisahkan  kotak  panas  dan  kotak dingin. Laju  aliran kalor dan perbedaan temperatur permukaan sampel diukur menggunakan sistem instrumen TRSYS01 pada dua lokasi ukur.  Eksperimen  pengukuran  resistansi termal  dilakukan  terhadap  sampel  fiber  semen  6 mm,  papan gypsum tipe standar tebal 9 mm, dinding bata merah tebal 100 mm, dan dinding bata ringan tebal 100 mm . Perhitungan resistansi termal dilakukan dengan metode penjumlahan sesuai ASTM C1155. Hasil pengukuran selama 24 jam diperoleh nilai perkiraan resistansi termal fiber semen adalah 0,029 m2.K/W, papan gypsum 0,068  m2.K/W,  bata  merah  0,246  m2.K/W,   dan  bata  ringan 0,583  m2.K/W  memenuhi  persyaratan convergence ratio (CR) < 0,10 dan koefisien variansi V(Re) <10%.
Kenyamanan Termal pada Ruang Iklim di Dua Daerah dengan Karakteristik Iklim yang Berbeda Studi Kasus : Malang dan Surabaya
Authors: Alfata Muhammad Nur Fajri , Nugroho Agung Murti , Eka Siwi Sri Nastiti
Published: January 2023

Penelitian kenyamanan termal perlu banyak dilakukan di Indonesia, karena Indonesia berada di daerah tropis dan wilayah yang luas memiliki corak iklim yang berbeda antara daerah yang satu dengan yang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan tingkat kenyamanan termal di Indonesia dengan metode penelitian laboratorium (ruang iklim) pada dua kota dengan iklim lokal yang berbeda, yaitu Kota Surabaya dan Malang. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat melengkapi data penelitian kenyamanan termal sebelumnya di Indonesia. Dengan penelitian laboratorium, data respon termal diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner tentang respon termal. Ruang iklim dirancang khusus dengan mengendalikan suhu udara dan kecepatan angin. Suhu udara di Malang diatur pada suhu udara 23,0–28,0 °C, sedangkan di Surabaya diatur pada suhu udara 28,0–31,0 °C. Sementara itu, kecepatan angin di kedua kota diatur pada 0 m/s, 0,3 m/s, 0,4 m/s, 0,8m/s, dan khusus di Surabaya ditambah dengan kecepatan angin 1,0 m/s. Kuesioner meliputi tiga aspek, yaiturespon termal, keterterimaan termal, dan preferensi termal. Penelitian melibatkan total 41 responden dari Jurusan Arsitektur Universitas Brawijaya Malang dan Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November Surabaya. Analisis statistik yang meliputi analisis statistik deskriptif, regresi linier, serta regresi (binary logistic) digunakan untuk menganalisis data respon termal. Dari 454 respon termal, diperoleh suhu netral dan keterterimaan termal di kedua kota tersebut, sementara suhu preferensi memiliki korelasi yang tidak signifikan.
Akurasi Perhitungan Faktor Langit dalam SNI 03-2396-2001 tentang Pencahayaan Alami pada Bangunan Gedung
Authors: Mangkuto Rizki Armanto
Published: January 2023

Standar nasional Indonesia tentang pencahayaan alami pada bangunan gedung yang berlaku pada saat ini, SNI 03-2396-2001, merekomendasikan penggunaan faktor langit dari langit berawan seragam sebagai indikator ketersediaan pencahayaan alami dalam ruangan. Untuk menghitung faktor langit sebagai fungsi dari posisi relatif (L/D and H/D) dari suatu lubang cahaya vertikal tanpa kaca, disediakan tabel referensi yang dapat digunakan. Meskipun demikian, akurasi dari nilai-nilai yang terdapat dalam tabel tersebut tidak diketahui. Artikel ini melaporkan akurasi dari nilai-nilai tersebut dibandingkan terhadap nilai analitisnya. Dari perhitungan, ditemukan bahwa dari 11 dari 361 nilai yang ada dalam tabel memiliki galat relatif sebesar 10% atau lebih besar. Beberapa contoh hasil yang didapat menggunakan interpolasi nilai-nilai pada tabel dibandingkan dengan hasil yang didapat menggunakan persamaan analitik. Berdasarkan analisis, disarankan untuk menggunakan tabel referensi hanya untuk nilai L/D dan H/D yang berada di dalam rentang 0,1 ~ 6,0. Untuk nilai-nilai di luar rentang tersebut, disarankan untuk menggunakan persamaan analitik untuk menentukan faktor langit.
Prediksi Temperatur Kebakaran Ruangan Bangunan Menggunakan Model Babrauskas
Authors: Sujatmiko Wahyu
Published: January 2023

Simulasi diperlukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beban api terhadap susunan proteksi sistem pasif dan aktif bangunan. Masukan dari simulasi adalah beban api. Permasalahannya adalah data beban api yang umumnya berupa data dalam bentuk kg-kayu tidak dapat dipergunakan untuk masukan simulasi. Pada makalah ini coba disampaikan upaya konversi beban api ke dalam kurva api menggunakan model api Babrauskas untuk melihat prospek penerapan di lapangan. Selanjutnya untuk validasi dilakukan komparasi hasil simulasi dengan data sekunder hasil eksperimen. Simulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak Fire Dynamic Simulator. Hasil komparasi memperlihatkan bahwa pada titik-titik interior bangunan (atau pada ruangan yang terbakar) dekat sumber api terjadi prediksi simulasi lebih tinggi sekitar 149 oC sedangkan pada titik yang jauh dari pusat api prediksi simulasi lebih rendah 170 oC. Adapun pada titik eksterior bangunan (atau pada fasada dinding luar di atas jendela ruangan yang terbakar) terjadi hasil prediksi simulasi lebih tinggi atau lebih rendah sampai maksimal 56 oC. Dengan demikian konversi kg-kayu ke dalam kurva Babrauskas dapat dipergunakan dengan prediksi tingkat keparahan kebakaran secara umum mengingat keterbatasan alat ukur laju pelepasan panas ruangan di Indonesia, tetapi kurang tepat untuk prediksi yang membutuhkan perhitungan pendetilan.
Farmers' Constraints on Vegetable Production in the Northwest Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Mujibur Rahman , Hasnat Md. Arif , Alam Rifat
Published: January 2023

This research focused on various aspects of the constraints that farmers experience when producing vegetables in the northwest region of Bangladesh. The goal was to describe selected characteristics of vegetable producers in the research region and to investigate the relationship of these characteristics with the constraints they experience. Data were gathered at random from vegetable producers from several places in Chapainawabganj by a properly structured interview schedule. The findings revealed that in terms of overall constraints, most of the farmers (90.5%) encountered medium constraints in vegetable cultivation. Based on the Constraint Facing Index (CFI), the input constraints had the greatest impact on the production of vegetables. The high amount of land rent was ranked first among the input constraints. The lack of suitable cold storage systems held the first position in the case of technical constraints, and the high price fluctuations of vegetables scored the highest among the constraints in the marketing of vegetables. The technical constraints also had a great impact on the production of vegetables in the study area. High land rent, a lack of suitable cold storage, and the high cost of cold storage each scored above 100 out of a total score of 126 according to the CFI index.
Crpljenje engleskih riječi iz korpusa hrvatskoga jezika
Authors: Borucinsky Mirjana , Bogunović Irena
Published: January 2023

Kao globalni jezik modernoga doba engleski je postao dominantan jezik davatelj. Danas se smatra da hrvatski jezik najviše posuđuje upravo iz engleskoga. Utjecaj engleskoga jezika na hrvatski vidljiv je u različitim funkcionalnim stilovima te na gotovo svim jezičnim razinama, no najizraženiji je na leksičkoj razini. U novije vrijeme, posebice u medijima i na društvenim mrežama, sve se češće javljaju neprilagođene engleske riječi, tj. riječi koje su zadržale izvorni oblik, a kojima se po potrebi dodaju hrvatski afiksi. Za sada još uvijek ne postoje konkretni podaci o takvim riječima u hrvatskome jeziku. U cilju pronalaženja engleskih riječi, u drugim su se jezicima koristile različite metode, od ručnih klasifikacija i korištenja postojećih jezičnih resursa do razvoja novih alata i/ili resursa. Međutim, jezične tehnologije za hrvatski jezik još uvijek su nedostatno razvijene. Stoga je cilj ovoga rada ispitati mogućnosti nekih od postojećih alata i resursa za crpljenje engleskih riječi i stvaranje baze engleskih riječi. U tu svrhu pretraživan je mrežni hrvatskog jezika hrWaC pomoću platforme Sketch Engine. Ovom metodom dobiven je popis od 1217 engleskih riječi. Rezultati su pokazali da se pomoću dostupnih alata i resursa za hrvatski jezik može izraditi popis engleskih riječi i njihovih frekvencija, ali i da postoje brojni problemi zbog kojih se rezultati ne mogu smatrati u potpunosti pouzdanima. Isto tako, sam se postupak i dalje mora kombinirati s ručnim metodama i klasifikacijama. Zaključujemo da je za izradu cjelovite baze engleskih riječi u hrvatskome potrebno razviti nove alate i resurse koji bi omogućili automatsko crpljenje engleskih riječi iz korpusa hrvatskoga jezika.
O motivima inovativne uporabe glagola na primjeru konstrukcije obilježavanja
Authors: Krsnik Davor
Published: January 2023

Rad se temelji na teorijskome polazištu prema kojemu se konstrukcije kao nezavisne argumentne strukture poopćuju iz specifičnih klasa glagola (Goldberg 1999: 209; Goldberg 2010: 52). Iz te se perspektive istražuje konstrukcija obilježavanja referenta izravnog objekta u hrvatskome jeziku. Prvo se nastoji obrazložiti iz kojih se glagolskih klasa konstrukcija poopćila, a potom se istražuju motivi i načini njezina širenja na druge klase glagola. U tu svrhu uvodi se model koji se metodski temelji na teoriji značenjskih okvira uređenoj pojmovima profila i baze (Goldberg 2010) te na teoriji konceptualne integracije (Fauconnier i Turner 2003). Obrazlaže se polazište da je enciklopedijsko znanje koje pripada bazama značenjskih okvira glagola presudno za objašnjenje njihove inovativne uporabe koja se svodi na integraciju glagola s argumentnom i pojmovnom strukturom konstrukcije obilježavanja. Polazište se preispituje na primjerima klasa glagola suđenja i glagola komunikacije. Osnovna je namjera rada dati doprinos određenju čimbenika koji motiviraju inovativnu glagolsku uporabu na razinijednostavnih rečenica.
Da li se kiselj jede ili pije? O percepciji kiselja u ruskim poslovicama
Authors: Popović Marija
Published: January 2023

U članku se obrađuju poslovice i neki frazemi s leksemom kiselj koji označava tradicionalnu rusku namirnicu sve popularniju u novije vrijeme. Kiselj se ponekad doživljava kao napitak, a ponekad kao jelo. Cilj ovog rada je predstaviti percepciju kiselja u ruskoj kulturi kroz prizmu paremiološke slike svijeta te ponuditi značenja poslovica i kontekst njihove upotrebe; zadatak je otežan zbog izraženog civilizacijskog sadržaja koje nose navedene paremije. U zaključku se pokazuje da je većina poslovica s leksemom kiselj nacionalnog i regionalnog porijekla te da je njegova konzumacija vezana uz obrede prijelaza i religijske blagdane. Priprema tradicionalnog kiselja i suvremene inačice se razlikuje u vrsti namirnica i načinu spravljanja što utječe na boju i strukturu finalnog proizvoda te ga određuje kao jelo ili piće.
Fonološke varijacije u suvremenom zagrebačkom govoru
Authors: Petrović Ante
Published: January 2023

U radu se predstavlja preliminarno istraživanje četiriju fonoloških obilježja s varijacijama u suvremenom zagrebačkom govoru: gubitka obezvučivanja zvučnih opstruenata na kraju riječi, pomaka udara na drugi slog jedninskih oblika imenica srednjeg roda poput ime i prezime, pomaka udara sa zadnjega na prvi slog osnove pridjeva sa sufiksima -sk- ili -n- te gubljenja međuvokalnih konsonanata. Obilježja se istražuju u okviru varijacijske sociolingvistike s ciljem da se ispita rasprostranjenost pojedinih varijanata među govornicima te prepoznaju eventualne naznake jezične promjene u tijeku. Istraživanje se temelji na govornoj građi prikupljenoj intervjuima, koja je analizirana s obzirom na dob, spol i socioekonomski status ispitanikā. Rezultati upućuju na to da je obezvučivanje krajnjih opstruenata prilično dobro zastupljeno među zrelijim Zagrepčanima, a slabo među mlađima, što navodi na zaključak da se odvija promjena kojom se ovaj proces gubi. Jedninski oblici imenica poput ime i prezime s udarom pomaknutim na drugi slog ispostavili su se varijantom koja se javlja sporadično među mladima te ne pokazuje naznake promjene u tijeku. U pogledu pomaka udara sa zadnjega na prvi slog osnove pridjeva sa sufiksima -sk- ili -n-, pokazalo se da je u nekih pridjeva to već završena promjena, da neki pridjevi s odgovarajućom strukturom još nisu zahvaćeni njime, a da u nekih postoji varijacija. Zapaženi obrasci upućuju na mogućnost da je opisani pomak udara promjena koja se odvija u pridjevā s varijacijom. Naposljetku, gubljenje međuvokalnih konsonanata zabilježeno je vrlo sporadično te ne pokazuje naznake glasovne promjene u tijeku.
Concepts of Teleoperated Robots
Authors: Ladislav JuriSica  , FrantiSek Duchoň  , Martin Dekan  , Andrej Babinec  , Adam Sojka
Published: January 2023

This paper provides basic overview of teleoperated robotic systems and their characteristics. The aim of the paper is not to describe such robotic systems in detail such as suggesting actual hardware and software, but to provide basic information, which has to be considered during the design and usage of such robot. Paper is focused on general description of functionality, characteristics and applications of teleoperated robots. Overview of potential use cases is provided with description of potential downfalls. Means of communication with the robot are discussed and elaborated with respect to reliability and safety. Available types of human to machine interfaces and sensor systems are listed and described considering reliability, safety and quality of control. Especially safety issues are highlighted, because such robots suffer from the involvement of humans in the control scheme. This paper comes to a conclusion that it is of primary importance to consider safety measures and stresses vulnerability of whole system introduced by operator and means of communication. In this paper is further stressed that in case of lost communication teleoperated robot must be able to either safely continue its function or stop. Future research will be focused on improving teleoperation via virtual reality, further improvement of autonomous features leaving operator only to decide which actions to perform and cloud computing.
Theory and experiment of tribological test methods
Authors: Dykha O. , Staryi A. , Getman M. , Fasolia V.
Published: January 2023

Based on the analysis of the current state of test methods for wear of friction pairs and the need for methods with certain operating conditions, the problem of developing a theory of test methods for wear of friction pairs according to the ball-cylinder scheme was solved, which makes it possible to determine the parameters of wear models and the general characteristics of the wear resistance of materials. It is shown that the type of wear within the range of properties of the friction pair parameters ensures compliance with the basic conditions in contact: materials, lubrication, pressure, speed, temperature, type of movement, and other less significant factors. It has been established that one of the fundamental issues in the development and conduct of wear tests is to take into account the influence of the stationarity of the wear mode at a point. Test methods in steady and unsteady modes (transient mode) are different. The test method should be based on the solution of the contact problem for a friction pair sample-counter-sample. Based on the solution of wear-contact problem for the "ball-cylinder" scheme, a theory has been developed for identifying the parameters of the wear pattern. To solve the inverse problem, a method of approximating function is proposed and implemented. The power approximation of the experimental function after substitution into the resolving equation gives simple expressions for calculating the model parameters. The results obtained make it possible to predict the intensity of wear of tribocouples under given initial operating conditions: according to loads, sliding speed, characteristics of lubricants and structural materials.
Effect of discrete basalt fiber on operational properties of polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Yeromenko O. , Tomina A.-M. , Rula I.
Published: January 2023

The article examines the effect of discrete basalt fibers on the tribotechnical characteristics of DF-101 polytetrafluoroethylene according to the “disk-pad” scheme under conditions of friction without lubrication. It was established that the introduction of filler leads to decrease in the intensity of wear and the coefficient of friction of the base polymer 1,7 and 360 times, respectively. The improvement of these properties occurs because “anti-friction layer” that is more stable compared to unfilled polytetrafluoroethylene is formed in the process of friction of basalt plastics. As a result, friction occurs according to the “polymer-polymer” scheme. This is confirmed by a profound change in the morphology of the friction surface. For example, deep ploughing furrows and traces of adhesion with the counterbody are observed for polytetrafluoroethylene, while basalt plastics are more resistant to deformations, which, in turn, leads to a reduction of ploughing furrows. A sharp decrease in wear resistance 1,35-3,3 times is observed for basalt plastics containing 30-40 mass.% of fiber. It is probably a consequence of the growth of defects in the volume of the material due to the uneven location of the fiber in the polymer matrix. The confirmation of the presence of defects in the volume of basalt plastics is confirmed by a comparison of the calculated and experimental (hydrostatic) density. It was found that polytetrafluoroethylene loses 10% of its mass at a temperature of 823K, while the temperature of losing 10% of mass increases by 10 degrees for basalt plastic. It was determined that the effective content of the filler in the polymer matrix is 20 mass.%. The obtained basalt plastic (20 mass.% fiber) is recommended in manufacturing rolling and sliding bearings (as anti-friction protection) for tribological units of modern technology operating under the influence of high temperatures, aggressive environments and friction conditions without lubrication.
Pengetahuan dan Sikap Tenaga Kesehatan dengan Penanganan Sampah Medis Sebuah Rumah Sakit di Lampung Tengah
Authors: Sakti Dina Ellia
Published: January 2023

Sampah infeksius, sampah organ, sampah benda tajam, sampah farmasi, sampah sitotoksik, sampah kimia, sampah radioaktif, sampah dari wadah bertekanan, dan sampah yang mengandung logam berat merupakan contoh sampah padat medis. Pengelolaan sampah medis yang buruk dapat berdampak negatif terhadap kualitas lingkungan rumah sakit dan menimbulkan masalah kesehatan bagi masyarakat sekitar maupun masyarakat umum; munculnya penyakit yang berhubungan dengan pekerjaan yang disebabkan oleh sampah medis yang tajam dan menular atau yang mengandung bahan kimia, merupakan contoh masalah kesehatan kerja. penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional dengan 55 sempel yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Purposive sampling digunakan untuk mengumpulkan sampel. Wawancara berbasis kuesioner digunakan sebagai instrumen untuk pengumpulan data. mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap tenaga kesehatan dan penanganan sampah medis merupakan tujuan dari penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan (p-value = 0,015) antara sikap petugas kesehatan dengan pengelola sampah medis dan adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan dengan penanganan sampah medis. Sesuai dengan peraturan dan pedoman yang berlaku, diharapkan tenaga kesehatan memerlukan pelatihan dan penyuluhan pengelolaan sampah medis berkala yang diberikan oleh tim Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi dan sanitarian kepada pegawai baru.
Prevalence of Entamoeba Histolytica infection in patients with colitis (Ulcerative and Infective)
Authors: Farhan Al-Rwi Luay I. , Hassan Alakori Maher M. , Abdulghafour Kifah H.
Published: January 2023

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon that often extends to involve the remainder of the large intestine in a continuous manner. Intestinal amoebiasis can present as a chronic, dysenteric syndrome of diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal pain that can last for years and mimic ulcerative colitis.Objective: Studying the prevalence of E..histolytica by using serological method ELISA for their detection, Investigate the possible role of E.histolytica as a cause of blood, diarrhea in non-ulcerative colitis group &Comparison between serological detection of E.histolytica and stool examination.Patients and Methods: Retrospective and prospective study was conducted on 48 patients (18 males, 30 females); 30 patients were diagnosed as ulcerative colitis and 18 as non ulcerative colitis patients by endoscopy, histopathology, radiology and laboratory examinations at Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital through the period between January 2008 and June 2008. From all patients and control, a detailed medical history was taken; routine examination and relevant investigations were done. Blood and fresh stool specimens were collected from all patients and control. General stool examination and ELISA tests for IgG anti E.histolytica antibodies were assessed. Results: Histological typing of ulcerative colitis grouped into chronic ulcerative colitis 42 cases(86.67%) and active on chronic ulcerative colitis 6 cases (13.33%). By general stool examination, E.histolytica was positive in (70%) of ulcerative colitis (53.33% cyst and 16.67% trophozoit) and results of ELISA test for IgG anti E.histolytica antibodies was significant compared with control group (P < 0.05). General stool examination and IgG anti- E histolytica antibodies has been found that 75.8% of patients have positive IgG and cyst stage, and 77.8% were have positive IgG and trophozoit stage , while 24.2% of negative GSE results were also negative for IgG anti-E.histolytica antibodies, and the association was significantcompared with control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: E.histolytica IgG Abs were significantly higher in ulcerative colitis compared to non ulcerative colitis group .Close association between E.histolytica and ulcerative colitis also there is a high incidence of E.histolytica among group of non ulcerative colitis patients. Sensitivity of detection of E.histolytica by ELISA and GSE is rather equal.
Serological Patterns of Hepstitis B Virus Among HBsAg Negative Blood Donors in Baghdad, Iraq by Using Architect System
Authors: Hassab Zainab S. , Abd Al-Ruhman Amani K. , Saleh Yakub A. , Abd Allah Auroba I.
Published: January 2023

Background: About 10-15% of population HBV infection becomes chronic, and 85-90% are resolved. In Iraq, HBs-Ag assay by ELISA is only mandatory test for detection of HBV infection in blood donors. Anti- HBc and anti-HBs were not detectable in their sera.Objective: To investigate the distribution of serological patterns for HBV who were HBsAg negative.Material and method: Between July 18, 2011 to December 25, 2011, 10ml of blood samples were collected from National blood Transfusion Center donors, Baghdad, for 25782 individuals (25294 male, 488 female), mean age (20-65)years. HbsAg positive sera excluded (185), and final number of donors included in thestudy was 25597 HbsAg negative.Result: The data showed a previous exposure for HBV(p>0.05) through anti-HBc and anti-HBs 3.8% by Architect system. The anti-HBs combine with anti-HBc was 68.5%, while anti-HBc alone was 31.5%. Independent risk factors were association with married, history of blood transfusion and residence.Conclusion: The prevalence of the HBV in Iraq is 4.6% as intermediate region at first time.
Surgical management of staple line leak after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Mukhtar Ramiz S. , AbdulJabbar Mohammed Q.
Published: January 2023

Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG)is derived from the biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch operation(BPD-DS). Specific and potentially severe complications of LSG are bleeding from the staple line and staple line leakage (SLL). A staple line leak may result in severe morbidity with potential sepsis and multi- organ failure.Objectives: To review our experience with the definitive surgical management of staple line leak Post sleeve gastrectomy and its outcomes.Patients and methods: retrospective review of patients who underwent definitive surgical treatment of staple line leak post sleeve gastrectomy from May 2014 till June 2016 at Saint Raphael center of morbid obesity, Primary surgery was laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in all patients. Staple line leak was diagnosed at the gastroesophageal junction in all patients.Results: Six female patients were treated with definitive surgical management, mean body mass index was 42.7±4.0(range from 35.3-51.2 kg/m2 ), all patient had no associated co-morbidities related to obesity, the mean age of the patients was 36(range from 29-43 years), The leak was at the Gastroesophageal junction in all patients.All patients were fully recovered after definitive surgical treatment of leak, no signs of persist leak during the follow up period, with no mortalityConclusions: Definitive surgical repair with conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, is safe and very effective and should be done when the general condition of the patient is optimized whenever possible.
Prawo dziecka do sakramentów w świetle inicjacji chrześcijańskiej i wychowania do wiary
Authors: Nykiel Krzysztof
Published: January 2023

Artykuł ma na celu zastanowienie się nad prawem dziecka do sakramentów, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem chrztu i bierzmowania, w epoce, w której z jednej strony doświadczamy nowego wymiaru tak zwanych praw obywatelskich, a z drugiej strony – nieporozumienia i systematycznej zdrady życia i godności dzieci. Artykuł został podzielony na trzy części, których celem jest pogłębienie znaczenia słowa „prawo” w odniesieniu do Boga i człowieka, ukazanie sposobu, w jaki Kościół postrzega dziecko w sprawowaniu sakramentów, a także ich wpływu na rozwój chrześcijańskiej tożsamości w czasach współczesnych.
Zielone zamówienia w orzecznictwie Krajowej Izby Odwoławczej
Authors: Filipek Mariusz
Published: January 2023

Zielone zamówienia są niejako odpowiedzią na aktualne trendy w zakresie ochrony środowiska. Definiuje się je jako proces, w wyniku którego instytucje publiczne uzyskać mają towary, usługi bądź roboty budowlane o zmniejszonym negatywnym oddziaływaniu, z zachowaniem przeznaczenia i funkcjonalności. Obecnie tego rodzaju zamówienia publiczne dotyczą zwykle największych inwestycji, które jednocześnie charakteryzują się innowacyjnością. Niezależnie jednak od dostrzegania przez zamawiających potrzeby stosowania tego rodzaju zamówień, przez wzgląd na brak konkretnych regulacji prawnych, w praktyce pojawiać się mogę problemy z ich stosowaniem, stąd kluczowa okazuje się analiza i znajomość orzecznictwa Krajowej Izby Odwoławczej. Problematyczny okazuje się m.in. sposób weryfikacji zdolności wykonawców do sprostania wymogom zamawiających w zakresie ochrony środowiska, co wiąże się z koniecznością sformułowania warunku udziału w postępowaniu nieograniczającego zasad konkurencji, choć Krajowa Izba Odwoławcza wskazała wielokrotnie, iż wymagania są zgodne z interesem i potrzebami zamawiającego, nawet jeśli są trudne do spełnienia dla większości wykonawców.
Odpowiedzialność pracodawcy z tytułu mobbingu – porównanie roszczenia o zadośćuczynienie i odszkodowanie z uwzględnieniem statystyk sądowych
Authors: Gąsior Sandra , Klimas Anita
Published: January 2023

Artykuł poddaje analizie problematykę odpowiedzialności pracodawcy z tytułu stosowania wobec pracownika mobbingu. W rozważaniach odniesiono się zarówno do doktryny oraz orzecznictwa, w szczególności Sądu Najwyższego, wskazując na liczne kontrowersje pojawiające się w tej materii. Omówiono zarówno kwestię zadośćuczynienia, jak i odszkodowania, zwracając uwagę na różnice występujące pomiędzy tymi dwoma roszczeniami przysługującymi pracownikowi w przypadku doświadczenia przez niego mobbingu w miejscu zatrudnienia, jednocześnie wskazując na charakter odpowiedzialności – tj. kontraktowy czy też odszkodowawczy. W ostatniej części odniesiono się do statystyk sądowych obrazujących liczbę wszczynanych roszczeń z art. 943 § 4 oraz § 5 k.p. uwzględniając również liczbę spraw prawomocnie zakończonych, a także długość trwania takich postępowań i wysokość przyznanych przez sądy odszkodowań oraz zadośćuczynienia.
Zagraniczna działalność banku krajowego
Authors: Gil Jakub
Published: January 2023

Artykuł wprowadza w genezę regulacji krajowej, a następnie analizuje zasady prowadzenia działalności zagranicznej przez banki krajowe. Polskie prawo bankowe przewiduje dwie zasadnicze formy prowadzenia takiej działalności: oddziałową oraz transgraniczną. W przypadku każdej z nich bank krajowy powinien spełnić konkretne wymagania formalne związane z podjęciem takiej działalności oraz jej dalszej realizacji. W przypadku zaś prowadzenia działalności z naruszeniem prawa państwa gościnnego, jest to związane z ryzykiem nadzorczym ze strony polskiego organu nadzoru.
Prawne aspekty odbudowy szkolnictwa wojskowego w II Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Niewada Szymon
Published: January 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu jest zarys historii odrodzenia szkolnictwa wojskowego II Rzeczypospolitej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wybranych prawnych aspektów rozwoju struktur organizacyjnych powstałych w tym czasie szkół wojskowych. Ramy czasowe rozważań rozpoczynają się wraz z odzyskaniem niepodległości w 1918 r., a kończą wraz z wybuchem II wojny światowej. Autor przedstawia wybrane zagadnienia z zakresu odbudowy i rozwoju polskiego szkolnictwa wojskowego w okresie międzywojennym, z uwzględnieniem okresu powojennego i pokojowego. Okupione ogromnym wysiłkiem odzyskanie niepodległości umożliwiło dwutorowe odrodzenie się polskich szkół wojskowych: na kanwie kadry oficerskiej dawnych państw zaborczych oraz w formie kształcenia oficerów na kursach w kraju. W latach 1921–1923 doszło do zmiany charakteru systemu szkolenia żołnierzy z wojennego na pokojowy. Wojskowy system edukacyjny zorganizowany w tym czasie pozostał względnie stabilny do wybuchu II wojny światowej. Dziedzictwo historyczno-prawne obejmujące powstanie i ewolucję systemu polskich szkół wojskowych po I wojnie światowej stanowi znaczącą część dziejów Wojska Polskiego. Również współcześnie poziom, jaki reprezentuje kadra zawodowa świadczy o wartości sił zbrojnych jako całości. Przywołanie stosownego kontekstu historycznego w zakresie prawnych aspektów odbudowy systemu edukacyjnego żołnierzy w II Rzeczypospolitej wydaje się zasadne z punktu widzenia przeprowadzanej obecnie reformy wyższego szkolnictwa wojskowego w Polsce.
Powinności podwodowe w świetle przekazu pierwszych sześciu tomów „Volumina Legum”
Authors: Konarski Marcin
Published: January 2023

Przedmiot niniejszych rozważań stanowi jedna z wielu posług o charakterze transportowym świadczonych przez ludność poddaną na rzecz panującego i jego urzędników na ziemiach dawnego państwa polskiego. Podwoda (podwód) polegała na dostarczeniu koni, z których korzystał przede wszystkim król ze swoją małżonką oraz osoby, którym jedno z nich poleciło dostarczyć konie podwodne (np. posłańcy królewscy), przy czym obowiązek świadczenia tego rodzaju powinności był często zamieniany na rodzaj czynszu (podwodne, podwodnie) składanego w zamian za powinność odbywania i dostarczania podwód. Analiza przeprowadzona przez Autora dotyczy zagadnień związanych z regulacjami prawnymi w zakresie obowiązku podwodowego w świetle postanowień XVI i XVII-wiecznych uniwersałów i konstytucji zawartych w zbiorze najdawniejszych praw państwa polskiego.
Utworzenie Banku Państwowego w Cesarstwie Rosyjskim i jego znaczenie dla rozwoju systemu bankowego na Ukrainie do 1918 roku
Authors: Yefremova Natalia
Published: January 2023

W artykule poddano analizie genezę utworzenia Narodowego Banku Ukrainy w drugiej połowie XIX w. – do 29 kwietnia 1918 r. Analiza dwóch okresów historycznych pozwoliła na wyciągnięcie szeregu wniosków. Będąc częścią cesarstwa rosyjskiego Ukraina posiadała identyczny system bankowy i finansowy. Jego funkcjonowanie było wyraźnie regulowane przez przepisy prawne cesarstwa. Było ono dobrze skoordynowane i planowane. Jednak wraz z nadejściem rewolucji 1917 r. jednolitość finansowa została zaburzona. Powstanie Narodowego Banku Ukraińskiej Republiki Ludowej nastąpiło na podstawie daleko idących zmian w Rosyjskim Banku Państwowym. Wraz z utworzeniem Ukraińskiej Rady Centralnej na Ukrainie przez ponad 9 miesięcy nie rozwiązano problemu własnego zabezpieczenia finansowego. Rewolucyjny rząd nie poczynił znaczących kroków legislacyjnych ani faktycznych działań administracyjnych i gospodarczych w celu ustabilizowania sytuacji finansowej. Regulamin Banku Państwowego nie został opracowany.W innych regionach kraju nie było kontaktów z oddziałami. Nie utworzono kapitału podstawowego ani rezerwowego. W ten sposób, po bankructwie finansowym, rewolucyjny rząd na Ukrainie pokazał, że nie jest w stanie rządzić krajem.
Breastfeeding counseling changes breastfeeding behavior of babies in coastal communities in the area of Mangara Bombang community health centers, Takalar regency
Authors: Marhaeni Marhaeni , Rahmawati Ros , Sonda Maria , Noor Hasnah M. , Prihantono Prihantono
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION: Breastfeeding is the first step to forming children who are not only healthier but smarter, with a better emotional quotient (EQ) and spiritual quotient (SQ). Babies need physical closeness and warmth from their mother as much as optimal nourishment. Poor knowledge and attitudes towards exclusive breastfeeding can result from information that is not intensive and maximal, due to limited breastfeeding counseling staff. Other reasons include cultural factors, especially in coastal areas, such as the belief in prelacteal feeding before the first breastfeeding; the baby has then automatically not exclusively breastfed. METHODS: This study used an intervention with a one-group pretest–posttest design. It aimed to analyze the role of breastfeeding counseling in increasing mothers’ knowledge and attitudes regarding exclusive breastfeeding. The participants were pregnant women from the end of the second trimester to the third trimester, selected using stratified systematic random sampling. RESULTS: Counseling had a significant effect on mothers’ knowledge (p = 0.004) and attitude (p = 0.000) in changing the behavior of coastal communities towards giving exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.03). Intensified counseling is recommended for pregnant women in the third trimester to realize exclusive breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS: A positive and significant effect of breastfeeding counseling was found on the level of knowledge, attitudes, and changes in the behavior of coastal communities in exclusive breastfeeding.
Vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression is significantly correlated with HER2 expression in late-stage breast cancer patients
Authors: Saputra Teddy Agung , Indra Indra , Syamsu Salman Ardi , Sampepajung Elridho , Nelwan Berti Julian , Hamid Firdaus , Faruk Muhammad
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Molecular marker analysis has become important in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment and may reveal new mechanisms in breast cancer pathogenesis. Aside from the commonly used hormonal receptors and HER2, VEGF-A has been increasingly shown to be important in breast cancer diagnosis and pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the relationship between VEGF-A expression on ER and PR and HER2 hormonal status in patients with late-stage breast cancer (locally advanced or with distant metastases). METHODS: This observational, cross-sectional study examined VEGF-A expression and molecule markers (ER, PR, and HER2) of breast cancer tissue using immunohistochemistry. The Chi-square test was used to determine whether two categorical variables were correlated. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: VEGF-A showed no significant correlation with demographic characteristics, TNM staging, pathological grading, luminal or non-luminal type, or hormonal receptor markers but showed a significant positive correlation with HER2 receptors (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS: VEGF-A was positively correlated with HER2 expression in breast tumor tissue but showed no significant correlation with other breast cancer markers, including luminal typing or hormonal receptors. Further study is needed to understand the mechanistic interplay between VEGF and HER2 in breast cancer pathogenesis.
The impact of HIV on the risk of COVID-19 death among hospitalized patients
Authors: Looha Mehdi Azizmohammad , Taraghikhah Nazanin , Amini Maedeh , Pormehr Pegah Salimi , Talaei Negin , Khodadoost Mahmood , Gholamzadeh Saeid , Vafaee Reza , Mohammadi Gohar
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the association between Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and risk of death among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We aimed to investigate this association using a multicenter study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This multicenter study was conducted using the registry database of Coronavirus Control Operations Headquarter from March 21, 2021 to January 18, 2020 in the province of Tehran, Iran. The interest outcome was COVID-19 death among hospitalized patients living with and without HIV. The Cox regression models with robust standard error were used to estimate the association between HIV infection and risk of COVID-19 death. The subgroup and interaction analysis were also performed in this study. RESULTS: 326052 patients with COVID-19 were included in the study, of whom 127 (0.04%) were living with HIV. COVID-19 patients with HIV were more likely to be female, older, and to have symptoms such as fever, muscular pain, dyspnea and cough. The death proportion due to COVID-19 was 18 (14.17%) and 21595 (6.63%) among HIV and non-HIV patients, respectively. Patients living with HIV had lower mean survival time compared to those without HIV (26.49 vs. 15.31 days, P-value = 0.047). Crude risk of COVID-19 death was higher among HIV patients than in non-HIV group (hazard ratio[HR]: 1.60, 1.08–2.37). Compared to those without HIV, higher risk of COVID-19 death was observed among patients with HIV after adjusting for sex (1.60, 1.08–2.36), comorbidities (1.49, 1.01–2.19), cancer (1.59, 1.08–2.33), and PO2 (1.68, 1.12–2.50). However, the risk of COVID-19 death was similar in patients with and without HIV after adjusting for age (1.46, 0.98–2.16) and ward (1.30, 0.89–1.89). CONCLUSION: We found no strong evidence of association between HIV infection and higher risk of COVID-19 death among hospitalized patients. To determine the true impact of HIV on the risk of COVID-19 death, factors such as age, comorbidities, hospital ward, viral load, CD4 count, and antiretroviral treatment should be considered.
Approaches to high-density storage experiments with in-situ production and detection of ultracold neutrons
Authors: Degenkolb Skyler , Fierlinger Peter , Zimmer Oliver
Published: January 2023

Low counting statistics is one of the most important challenges in modern experiments with ultracold neutrons (UCN). UCN densities in superthermal sources based on superfluid helium are normally much higher than those after UCN delivery to ex-situ volumes. Therefore, and due to the vanishing neutron absorption of 4He, storage-based experiments performed in-situ promise significant sensitivity gains. Scalable measurements offer a promising path to simultaneously address the inefficient use of cold neutron beams as precursors for UCN production in 4He, by recuperating the unused beam fraction, and confront the practical challenges of large-scale UCN infrastructure. We suggest strategies for the development of modular cryogenic cells, propose a novel approach for in-situ UCN detection, and discuss the ultimate statistical reach of such a multiplexed experiment for measuring the neutron’s permanent electric dipole moment (EDM). While dedicated research and development are needed to evaluate the feasibility for many requirements, a neutron EDM measurement with sensitivity well beyond 10 − 28 e  cm seems possible. Such an experiment could be pursued at any compatible cold neutron beamline, e.g., at the Institut Laue–Langevin, or later using the ANNI facility or large beam port (LBP) at the European Spallation Source.
Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) for handling imbalanced data in poverty classification
Authors: Adi Pratama Firza Refo , Oktora Siskarossa Ika
Published: January 2023

Poverty data in official statistics data is important for development planning. The lower percentage of the poor recorded yearly indicates good development of a country. Moreover, there is always a problem when performing an inferential and classification analysis because of the imbalanced data, thereby leading to biases in the estimation results and prediction errors in the classification. One of the solutions to this problem is using Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE). Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the inference and classification quality using the binary logistic regression model without and with SMOTE. The data utilized was the poverty status of households in the rural and urban areas in East Java, Indonesia as contained in the 2019 National Socio-Economic Survey. Furthermore, the variables used are poverty status of the household, the age of the household head (HH), the ratio of household members who are employed, gender of the HH, number of household members, education level of HH, and occupation of the HH. It was concluded that the model with SMOTE approach was better at inference and classifying the results.
Identification of abnormally methylated differentially expressed genes in chronic periodontitis by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Tian Xiufen , Zheng Juan , Luo Yuanyuan , Wei Chengshi , Ma Jing , Wang Dawei , Li Keyi
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: DNA methylation plays a vital role as an epigenetic change that contributes to chronic periodontitis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to integrate two methylation datasets (GSE173081 and GSE59962) and two gene expression datasets (GSE10334 and GES16134) to identify abnormally methylated differentially expressed genes related to chronic periodontitis. METHODS: Differentially methylated genes were obtained. Functional enrichment analysis of DMGs was performed. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and Cytoscape software. Finally, the hub genes were selected from the PPI network by using CytoHubba. RESULTS: In total, 122 hypomethylated and highly expressed genes were enriched in the biological mechanisms that are involved in the differentiation of extracellular matrix organization, extracellular structure organization, and cell chemotaxis. The three selected hub genes of the PPI network were IL1B, KDR, and MMP9. A total of 122 hypermethylated and lowly expressed genes were identified, and biological processes, such as cornification, epidermis development, skin development, and keratinocyte differentiation were enriched. CDSN DSG1, and KRT2 were identified as the top 3 hub genes of the PPI network. CONCLUSION: Based on the comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, six hub genes (IL1B, KDR, MMP9, CDSN DSG1, and KRT2) were associated with chronic periodontitis. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying epigenetic changes in chronic periodontitis.
Classification of EEG signals related to real and imagery knee movements using deep learning for brain computer interfaces
Authors: Lee Yeji , Lee Hyun Ju , Tae Ki Sik
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Non-invasive Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) uses an electroencephalogram (EEG) to obtain information on brain neural activity. Because EEG can be contaminated by various artifacts during the collection process, it has primarily evolved into motor imagery (MI) with a low risk of contamination. However, MI has a disadvantage in that accurate data is difficult to obtain. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine which motor imagery and movement execution (ME) of the knee has the best classification performance. METHODS: Ten subjects were selected to provide MI and ME data for four different types of knee exercise. The experiment was conducted to keep the left, right, and both knees extend or bend for five seconds, and there was a five seconds break between each movement. Each motion was performed 20 times and the MI was carried out in the same protocol. Motions were classified through a modified model of the Lenet-5 of CNN (Convolution Neural Network). RESULTS: The deep learning data was classified, and a study discovered that ME (98.91%) could be classified significantly more accurately than MI (98.37%) (p< 0.001). CONCLUSION: If future studies on other body movements are conducted, we anticipate that BCI can be further developed to be more accurate. And such advancements in BCI can be used to facilitate the patient’s communication by analyzing the user’s movement intention. These results can also be used for various controls such as robots using a combination of MI and ME.