bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecologo-geographic modelling of distribution of abundant acridid species (Orthoptera, Acrididae) over South Siberia and adjacent regions
Authors: Sergeev M. G. , Molodtsov V. V. , Baturina N. S. , Efremova O. V. , Zharkov V. D. , Popova K. V. , Storozhenko S. Yu. , Shamychkova A. A.
Published: November 2024

Two abundant acridid species (Chorthippus apricarius and Locusta migratoria) are widely distributed over South Siberia. Estimations of suitability conditions on the basis of the MaxEnt algorithm well correspond to the known localities of each species for the contemporary period. The main bioclimatic variables explaining these species distribution are associated with temperatures, especially those of the cold season. Predicted distribution patterns for 2021–2040 and 2041–2060 and for the scenarios of the high levels of the greenhouse gas emission show serious significant differences between the two model species. These forecasts demonstrate the explicit worsening of conditions for Chorthippus apricarius in South Siberia, and the significant expansion of territories applicable for Locusta migratoria in the southern parts of West Siberia and in Northern Kazakhstan. This trend looks like enhancing in the second half of the 21st century. The optimal areas for the migratory locust may cover the huge territories between 50° and 62° N and between the Ural Mts. and the north-western parts of the Altai-Sayan Mts. where a new area of possible outbreaks of L. migratoria may emerge. In the adjacent regions, the areas with suitable conditions for this species can expand significantly as well, including Primorskii Territory. Hence, the general continuation of global warming will most likely lead to some significant shifts in the distribution of some possible acridid pests across South Siberia.
The emergence of related rights: the retroactive aspect
Authors: Yastrebov Oleg A. , Lepeshin Dmitry A. , Petkilev Petr I.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of the emergence of related rights through the prism of the retroactive aspect. The work uses historical, comparative legal and formal legal methods. Based on the analysis of the legislation of the USSR and current judicial practice, it was revealed that in relation to related rights, the axiom “the law has no retroactive effect” is valid without any exceptions. Related rights to the relevant results of intellectual activity could arise only after the amendments made to civil legislation in 1991. The problem of protecting authors and copyright holders of related rights in the event of the emergence of a new information and telecommunications network is identified, and options for its resolution are proposed.
All-Russian Scientific Conference with international participation “The concept of law: history and theory (on the 300th anniversary of the birth of Immanuel Kant)”
Authors: Krotkova Natalya V.
Published: November 2024

The review of the conference offers views on law that are widespread in Russian theoretical and legal science. The outstanding role of the founder of German classical philosophy I. Kant in the formation of the Philosophy of Law is noted. His idea of a categorical imperative is aimed at creating a model of a state governed by the Rule of Law, where a person is declared not only a means, but also a goal. Kant is one of those who formed the metaphysical Philosophy of Law, i. e. the branch of knowledge that creates semantic models in the world of political and legal reality. The influence of Kant on the Russian and European Philosophy of Law, the importance of his ideas for modernity is shown.
State Feedback Control of Multiagent Singular Linear Systems Representing Brain Neural Networks
Authors: Garcia-planas Maria İsabel
Published: November 2024

A multi-agent singular system is an extension of a traditional multi-agent system. The behavior of neural networks within the brain is crucial for cognitive functions, making it essential to understand the learning processes and the development of potential disorders. This study utilizes the analysis of singular linear systems representing brain neural networks to delve into the complexities of the human brain. In this context, the digraph approach is a powerful method for unraveling the intricate neural interconnections. Directed graphs, or digraphs, provide an intuitive visual representation of the causal and influential relationships among different neural units, facilitating a detailed analysis of network dynamics. This work explores the use of digraphs in analyzing singular linear multi-agent systems that model brain neural networks, emphasizing their significance and potential in enhancing our understanding of cognition and brain function.
Employment differences among persons with congenital and	adventitious vision loss
Authors: Adele Crudden  , Robert Hanye
Published: November 2024

Employment differences among 413 persons who are congenitally or adventitiously blind and employees of National Industries for the Blind (NIB) associated industries were investigated through personal interviews. A one-way multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) found no significant differences between NIB employees with congenital and adventitious vision loss across four dependent variables; alpha was .05. Persons who were congenitally blind worked a comparable number of hours ( \bar{x}=37 ), earned just as much money ( \bar{x}=5.32 ), were as satisfied ( \bar{x}=3.60 ), and retained their jobs as long ( \bar{x}=11.44 ) as persons who were adventitiously blind. Although no significant differences on employment factors were determined, other differences may have been undetected. Additional research regarding how age at time of vision loss affects persons in other work settings, successful adjustment, rehabilitation, employment, and life success is recommended.
Factors associated with employment among persons who have a vision	impairment: a follow-up of vocational placement referrals
Authors: Robin Leonard  , Tana D'Allura  , Amy Horowitz
Published: November 2024

This paper presents findings from a follow-up study of persons with a vision impairment who were referred to vocational placement services. Study objectives were to determine the employment status of respondents and identify the factors associated with employment and more positive employment characteristics. Data were collected from telephone interviews ( N=167 ) and consumer case records. The sample consisted of all persons who were referred to Lighthouse Vocational Placement services during a five year period. The results indicated that of respondents who were not involved in another ``primary activity'' (e.g., attending college), 54% employed. Predictors of employment included having been integrated into a regular school setting (as opposed to special schooling for persons who have a disability) for most of their schooling, reading primarily printed material, and receipt of technology training. Predictors of employment in higher level positions and perceived underemployment (match between abilities and job responsibilities) were also examined. Receiving technology training and receiving fewer hours of rehabilitation teaching emerged as significant predictors of employment in higher level positions. Underemployment was predicted by lack of encouragement received in looking for work. Findings from this study may be useful in identifying potential risk factors associated with poorer vocational outcomes among persons with vision impairments.
Surveying the employment concerns of people with multiple sclerosis: a participatory action research approach
Authors: Phillip D. Rumrill, Jr.  , Richard T. Roessler  , Lynn C. Koch
Published: November 2024

The article describes the results of a survey of the employment concerns reported by a random sample ( N=227 ) of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). From an item pool generated in previous research, state chapter members of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society identified 34 employment concerns as most reflective of the career development implications of MS. Survey respondents considered each item along two dimensions, the importance of the item to career development and their satisfaction with the adequacy of services to address that concern. Results regarding high importance items indicated that respondents were most satisfied with issues such as health insurance coverage, potential to work and take control of their lives, wages and benefits, and workplace accommodations. They were most dissatisfied with issues including fair treatment by employers in the hiring process, access to service providers who understand their needs, access to adequate information about Social Security programs, optimism regarding their future, and issues related to re-entering the workforce. Implications for vocational rehabilitation practice and future research are discussed.
Psychosocial adjustment to multiple sclerosis: implications for rehabilitation professionals
Authors: Connie J. McReynolds  , Lynn C. Koch  , Phillip D. Rumrill, Jr.
Published: November 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders in the world, and it has a potentially devastating impact on people's psychological and social functioning. Foremost among the factors that make MS a difficult condition with which to cope are the range and severity of symptoms, the capricious disease process, and the psychological uncertainty that accompanies such an unpredictable illness. In this article, the authors construct a Five Factor Model of Psychosocial Adjustment for people with MS that is predicated on (a) enhancing personal resilience and active coping skills and (b) increasing utilization of social supports. The Five-Factor Model includes the following determinants of psychosocial adjustment to MS: (a) range and severity of illness-related symptoms, (b) uncertainty of the disease process, (c) sense of loss associated with functional limitations, (d) personal resilience and adaptability, and (e) social supports.
Themes arising in the motherhood decision for women with multiple sclerosis: an exploratory study
Authors: Mary Elizabeth McNary
Published: November 2024

The author examines the motherhood decisions of four women with multiple sclerosis (MS). Themes arising in the decision to become a mother, to remain childless, or to enlarge an existing family are identified. Implications for program development and future research are discussed.
Description of variables impacting successful and unsuccessful cases of social integration involving co-workers
Authors: Janis G. Chadsey  , Debra L. Shelden  , Jennifer R. Horn  , De Bardeleben  , Robert E. Cimera
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between 10 pairs of supported employees who had been involved in co-worker interventions and were judged to be either successfully or unsuccessfully integrated into work settings. This study was part of a larger national survey study designed to examine the variables that predict successful social integration efforts. The results from this study revealed that of the five categories of variables that could have had an impact on social integration (i.e., Agency, Supported Employee, Service Provider, Workplace, and interventions), only Workplace Characteristics and Interventions differentiated the two groups.
Achieving greater independence through assistive technology, job	accommodation and supported employment
Authors: Michael Schneider
Published: November 2024

High and low technology can improve the employability for individuals with disabilities. The employment opportunities can be improved, if the technical side is incorporated in the whole framework of supported employment (SE). The term assistive technology means any service that directly assists an individual with a disability in the selection, acquisition or use of assistive technology (AT) devices. The term includes:(a) evaluating the needs of an individual in the individuals customary environment; (b) selecting, designing, fitting, customising, adapting, applying, maintaining, or replacing assistive technology devices; (c) training in the context of implementing devices; (d) co-ordinating and using other services with assistive technology devices. The article aims to give a wider definition of the term and an overview of the use of possible technology services and devices in different areas. A guideline describes the issues, which should be considered before carrying out particular measures. Case examples will illustrate how assistive technology has been effectively involved in placements. Empirical data and findings from a 3-year-evaluation of 7 SE-agencies in a German region will show how often and in which manner the adaptation of the workplace and assistive technology were used.
Supported employment in Scotland: Theory and practice
Authors: Sheila Riddell  , Alastair Wilson  , Stephen Baron
Published: November 2024

In this paper, drawing on data from the ESRC project The Meaning of the Learning Society for Adults with Learning Difficulties [23], we use key informants' accounts to explore the nature of supported employment provision in Scotland, where it has an even shorter history than in the rest of the UK. We also draw on in-depth case studies of three supported employment participants to investigate the significance of supported employment in their lives and the extent to which it has succeeded in enhancing their degree of social inclusion.
Partnerships, families, employers, transition, disabled: creating	the best transition outcomes for moderate and multiply disabled	individuals
Authors: Douglas Householder  , Duane Jansen
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this article is to stress the importance of making a concerted effort to meet the rising expectations for the disabled. The focus will be the issues that families, employers and the community encounter around transition planning, programs and services. Some of the issues are attitude, knowledge, support, organizational structure and resources. Because we are living in a competitive, technological and increasingly complex global society, individuals and groups in leadership roles in local, state, national and international positions will need to create opportunities in a variety of inclusive environments. They must provide acceptable access to the workplace and set the stage for quality of life issues for individuals with multiple disabilities in a blended society.
Improving collaboration between schools and vocational	rehabilitation: The youth transition program model
Authors: Michael R. Benz  , Lauren Lindstrom  , Tim Latta
Published: November 2024

Helping youth with disabilities successfully negotiate the transition from school to work and community life requires innovative, effective, and enduring partnerships among a variety of key stakeholders. The vocational rehabilitation system is identified consistently as a fundamental partner in any collaborative transition effort because of its ability to help youth develop vocational skills, obtain employment, and advance the opportunity to live independently. Systematic efforts must be undertaken to address the barriers that historically have prevented school and VR staff from working together effectively on behalf of youth with disabilities and their families. The Youth Transition Program is a nationally recognized school to work transition model that has been operated collaboratively by schools and vocational rehabilitation agencies in communities throughout Oregon for the past nine years. The authors provide an overview of the pattern of services provided to youth in the program. Employment outcomes achieved by youth are also provided.
Open employment services for people with disabilities in	Australia, 1995 to 1997
Authors: Philip R. Anderson
Published: November 2024

The National Information Management System for open employment services for people with a disability (NIMS) has been operating in Australia since January 1995. It is a system for collecting information on client and job characteristics, and open employment support received for all clients of these services. The number of active clients recorded on the NIMS database has increased from 18,527 in 1995 to 27,361 in 1997. In each of the three years over this period about one-half of all clients were supported in one or more jobs during the year. Generally there is a high peak period of support provided at the time a client gains a job, and the level of support declines with increasing time in the job. However, patterns of support, along with measures of job experience, vary considerably with client characteristics such as age, sex, disability group, presence of other disability, and assistance required for activities of daily living.
The relative cost of employment for people with a significant	intellectual disability: the Australian experience
Authors: Phil Tuckerman  , Robert Smith  , Jeff Borland
Published: November 2024

In Australia, adults with a moderate to severe intellectual disability receive a Commonwealth Government Disability Support Pension and may enter Commonwealth Government funded employment programs or State Government funded community activity programs. This paper compares the cost to government of Jobsupport (an open employment program) and the available alternatives.

Background data about Jobsupport, including satisfaction surveys of employers and people with disabilities supported by Jobsupport, is included.

Comparisons with other options show Jobsupport to be a cost effective option for government and almost revenue neutral per client for the Commonwealth Government compared to the pension after 12 months. This result has been relatively robust over time; as government funding has increased and the program has grown in size, cost per client has remained steady in real terms.

In evaluating the cost of the Jobsupport program, displacement effects have proved to be less important than had been previously believed and smaller for Jobsupport than in general labor market programs. Even when displacement differences are included, there are significant savings, including reductions in pension payments, from programs such as Jobsupport. When these savings are considered, a Jobsupport open employment program is much less expensive than State-funded Post School Options activity programs.
Effecting a system change in the delivery of employment services	for people with disabilities: a view from Australia
Authors: Trevor R. Parmenter
Published: November 2024

The Australian Disability Services Act [24] signalled a dramatic change in the delivery of employment services to people with disabilities. The Act introduced alternative integrated employment options to traditional sheltered employment services. Despite the steady growth in the numbers of disabled people working in the integrated options, a concomitant drop in the number of people in sheltered employment programs has not occurred. Reasons for this are explored in the context of the implementation processes put in place by successive governments. It is argued that the most serious challenge facing contemporary vocational service provisions is the reconciliation of a person-centred values philosophy with services driven by neo-classical economic policies.
Supported employment for people who are deaf: An overview of the	unique needs and challenges
Authors: Ellen M. Hansen
Published: November 2024

This article reviews the specialized needs of Deaf individuals in supported employment. The primary focus will be the discussion of common challenges and strategies for effectively providing services to Deaf people; both those with disabilities, and those who have immigrated to the United States from developing countries. Inclusion into the workplace, successful assessment, job placement, and ongoing support strategies will also be discussed.
Development of business supports for persons with mental	retardation in the workplace
Authors: Paul Wehman  , Pam Targett  , Helen Eltzeroth  , Howard Green  , Valerie Brooke  , J. Michael Barcus
Published: November 2024

The establishment of business based supports for workers with disabilities can increase opportunities for secure employment with good pay, benefits, and advancement for people with moderate and severe mental retardation. This article describes a model that helps companies build their capacities to support workers with disabilities. A corporate or community based liaison is available to guide and provide technical assistance during this internal process, which involves: analyzing existing workplace supports and modifying or creating new strategies or activities that enable people with disabilities to participate in all phases of the employment process.
Job readiness, self-efficacy and work personality: A comparison of	trainee and instructor perceptions
Authors: Jeanmarie Keim  , David R. Strauser
Published: November 2024

This research study examined the effect of a job readiness training program on job readiness self-efficacy and work personality factors among 77 job readiness training participants in a major urban city. Participants were compared for gender and ethnic differences. T-test results indicated significant differences in the self-perceptions of participants and the job-readiness evaluations their instructors completed in relation to job readiness self-efficacy and some aspects of work personality. Increased focus on interpersonal and social skills training that incorporates both process and performance training programs as part of a comprehensive job readiness training program is suggested.
Procedures used to identify and measure benefits and costs of	supported employment provision
Authors: Marie Gardner
Published: November 2024

Supported employment consists of an array of services and is one of many service venues available to individuals with disabilities. Analyses of costs and benefits provide valuable evidence with regard to the economic feasibility of alternative programs and assist with the decisions of which of these programs to expand, reduce, or discontinue. Human service providers must also be accountable to the recipients of their services, and have an obligation to ensure that individuals with disabilities and their families benefit from service participation. These seemingly incongruent perspectives, the participant's perspective, the provider's perspective, the taxpayer's perspective and the perspective of society in general, may be addressed individually, or addressed concurrently in an effort to fulfill all obligations of service provision. Likewise, cost analyses may be used to compare supported employment services to other service venues, or they may be used within the supported employment venue to compare cost efficiency of various supported employment services. This article is a review of the procedures used in benefit-cost analyses of supported employment provision, with emphasis upon the purposes of various analyses.
Because it was the right thing to do: Changeover from facility	based services to community employment
Authors: John Butterworth  , Sheila Lynch Fesko  , Vaunne Ma
Published: November 2024

This manuscript presents findings from a qualitative study of six community rehabilitation providers that successfully closed a facility-based program. Potential organizations were selected using a national nominations process and results from a 1991 national survey of community rehabilitation providers. Following a screening process, participating organizations were selected to provide diversity in location and size. Primary data collection took place during a two-day site visit with each program. The six organizations that participated in this study established an explicit goal to redirect resources from facility-based services to community employment, and each succeeded in closing a sheltered workshop or other facility-based program. Catalysts for the change were almost exclusively internal to the organization. The change in each organization was based on a change in organizational values and goals, but was often supported by other factors including financial concerns or other pressures. While leadership and the approach used to implement the change process varied, there was striking consistency across seven themes or characteristics of the organization that suggest organizational and systems strategies for approaching change. These themes included an openness to risk taking, shared values that drive service delivery, an ongoing process of self evaluation, linkages to external resources, a holistic focus on consumer needs, direct staff roles in organizational goals and decision-making, and an emphasis on continuous improvement. Strategies for state systems, community rehabilitation providers, and advocates are reviewed.
Going to work: Placement trends in public rehabilitation
Authors: Dennis Gilbride
Published: November 2024

This article reviews and discusses current placement trends in public rehabilitation. In order to identify current trends a survey of state vocational rehabilitation agency administrators was conducted. Responses were received from 52 agencies representing 40 states. The results of the survey, along with current literature, resulted in identification of four key trends in placement services: increased emphasis on placement; reconfiguring placement delivery services; expanded employer development; and increased use of the Internet and other technology. The implications of these trends to rehabilitation counseling are also discussed.
Rehabilitation counseling and education: Career counseling	suggestions for the profession
Authors: Carolyn E. Hawley  , Brian T. McMahon  , Chris Reid  , Linda R. Shaw
Published: November 2024

The intent of this article is to explore the possibility of an opportunity structure for rehabilitation counselors that extends far beyond that which has previously been considered. The current trends that are enlarging the rehabilitation arena. Beyond this, however, career counseling principles are applied to the rehabilitation counseling profession itself. The authors ask, ``To what related and unrelated occupations might one transfer the skills of a trained rehabilitation counselor?'' The answers provide a more expansive view of the true opportunity structure for rehabilitation counselors. Implications for rehabilitation counselor education are addressed.
Separating the wheat from the chaff: The role of the vocational	expert in forensic vocational rehabilitation
Authors: Stephanie L. Sleister
Published: November 2024

This article discusses prerequisites for becoming an effective vocational expert witness by exploring the consequences of recent Supreme Court rulings on the admissibility of expert witness testimony. To address these issues, the author provides a discussion of: (a) The standards for admissibility of expert witness testimony; (b) the relevance of these standards to vocational expert testimony; (c) the resources used by vocational expert witnesses to arrive at their conclusions; and (d) the types of litigation cases in which vocational experts are utilized.
A theoretical construct for benefits planning and assistance in	the Ticket to Work and Work Incentive Improvement Act
Authors: Thomas P. Golden  , Susan O'Mara  , Connie Ferrell  , James R. Sheldon, Jr.
Published: November 2024

This article provides a primer on the emerging field of benefits planning, assistance and outreach as outlined in the Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999 (TWWIIA). Detailed is an overview of the TWWIIA and a theoretical construct for the delivery of benefits planning and assistance services and supports. A review and description of the major practice domains within the construct are provided as is an operational definition of benefits planning and assistance. In conclusion, a summary of needed developments and critical next steps for the emerging field are presented.
Cost effectiveness of supported employment programs: What we need	to do to improve outcomes
Authors: Grant Revell  , John Kregel  , Paul Wehman  , Gary R. Bond
Published: November 2024

Cost effectiveness of supported employment can only be meaningful studied in the context of how meaningful the actual outcomes are. This paper examines how to assess outcomes, how funding agencies purchase services, and describes how two states, Massachusetts and Oklahoma, provide funding for supported employment. A summary of cost effectiveness recommendations is provided as well.
Clinical differential analysis of persons with autism in a work	setting: A follow-up study
Authors: Domingo Garc\'{\i}a-Villamisar  , Douglas Ross  , Paul Wehman
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in clinical syntomatology between two groups of adults with autism who participated in two modalities of employment: supported vs sheltered. This study was part of a larger study designed to analyze the variables that predict the success of people with autism in employment settings. The results suggested that a possible relationship existed between clinical evolution of people with autism and modality of employment. Specifically, the sheltered group scored higher than the supported group in total CARS scores in 1999, and the total score of the sheltered group in 1999 was higher than total score in 1996 for the same group. The total score of the supported group, on the other hand, was the same in 1996 and 1999.
The Quality of Supported Employment Implementation Scale
Authors: Gary R. Bond  , Jeff Picone  , Beth Mauer  , Steve Fishbein  , Randy Stout
Published: November 2024

We describe a 33-item interviewer-rated checklist, the Quality of Supported Employment Implementation Scale (QSEIS), designed to measure implementation of supported employment (SE) programs for people with severe mental illness (SMI). We used a 1.5-hour semi-structured interview with program directors in 32 SE programs in Kansas (KS) and New Jersey (NJ). Interviewers averaged 84% in item ratings. The internal consistency for the total scale was low (Cronbach's alpha = 0.51), but higher for four subscales: Teamwork (0.74), Planning and Support (0.60), Rapid Job Search (0.74), and Integration with Mental Health (0.62). In these programs we found substantial implementation of SE standards, with mean ratings exceeding 4.0 on a 5-point scale, for 18 of 33 items. Mean overall implementation was similar in both states, with somewhat different patterns, with NJ rating higher on Planning and Support, and KS rating higher on Integration of Mental Health and Rapid Job Search. The QSEIS total scale and the 4 subscales were correlated with 9 indicators of employment outcomes, obtained from a retrospective survey completed by program directors in 24 of the programs. The total QSEIS score was not significantly correlated with any of the outcome measures. Planning and Support correlated positively with job tenure (r = 0.62), but was not related to annual VR closure rate (r = -0.15). Conversely, Rapid Job Search was negatively correlated with job tenure (r = -0.56), while positively correlated with annual VR closure rate (r = 0.46). Thus, supported employment interventions may be multidimensional, with one set of interventions fostering job acquisition and a second set fostering job retention. We conclude that the QSEIS is a pragmatic tool for describing SE programs for people with SMI, although more work on psychometric precision and predictive validity is needed. The survey provides norms by which other providers and other states can compare their achievement of the principles of supported employment.
The progression of employees with mental disorders through	disability benefits systems
Authors: Christopher C. Wagner  , Carolyn E. Danczyk Hawley  , Christine A. Reid
Published: November 2024

This study is part of a larger investigation that explored the phenomenon called the Progression of Disability Benefits (PODB). PODB refers to the migration of workers with work-limiting disabilities through a system of economic disability benefits, resulting for some in their ultimate placement into the Social Security disability system. The present study focuses on 6,035 claims submitted to a large disability insurance company for financial support following the development of a mental disorder and examines the PODB phenomenon within this population. The study found significant relationships between demographic, work-related, International Classification of Diseases volume 9 (ICD-9) disorder, and benefit claims patterns. Claimants receiving mental disability benefits were more likely to be younger, female and to progress to advanced benefits than those with physical disabilities. Mental disability claims were most often based upon Mood disorders, followed by Anxiety/Stress-related and Substance-related disorders. Mood and Anxiety disorder clusters were comprised predominantly of females, whereas claimants with Substance-related disorders were predominantly male. Mental disorder type varied across US geographical region and industry type. PODB varied across disability type, gender, geographical region, and industry type.
Vocational rehabilitation and the evolution of disability	management: An organizational case study
Authors: Amy Ahrens  , Kathy Mulholland
Published: November 2024

Emerging rehabilitation practices in the field of employer-based disability management emphasize leadership, program administration, and communications competencies that transcend traditional graduate Rehabilitation Counselor education. Using an organizational case study, this article identifies new skills required of rehabilitation professionals in a company that successfully adopted an integrated health and disability management strategy.
Finding the key: Using personal futures planning in the	homeownership process
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Published: November 2024

As professionals and policymakers gain a clearer understanding of the critical role choice and control play in people's lives, homeownership is increasingly being considered a desirable community housing option for people with disabilities. Personal futures planning (PFP) supports an individual's lifestyle choices and control. In addition, it is a grassroots planning and community-building effort that emphasizes team action planning to achieve desired outcomes. Because of these values and practices, PFP is a frequently proposed approach to working through the homeownership process with people with disabilities. This article uses a PFP framework to identify the steps, activities and key questions to be explored by interested homebuyers with the support and assistance of a team of their allies.
Developing homeownership opportunities: The role of community	partners
Authors: Nancy Robertson  , Charol Armand  , Lauren Anderson  , Sharon Mee
Published: November 2024

Affordable housing describes those programs and resources that assist persons with low and moderate incomes in overcoming their barriers to homeownership. Such programs include: specialized mortgage loan products, homebuyer education and counseling programs, rehabilitation and remodeling of properties, and the provision of financial subsidies to assist with down payment and closing cost requirements. This article discusses the three levels of partnerships rehabilitation professionals must develop with community partners: (1) individual-to-individual; (2) organization-to-organization; and (3) multi-organizational.
Slidin' into home: Supporting self-determination through personal	support agents and service brokerage strategies
Authors: E. Richard Blumberg  , Philip M. Ferguson  , Dianne L. Ferguson
Published: November 2024

The last three decades of deinstitutionalization have not fulfilled their promise of creating full lives in inclusive communities for persons with intellectual disabilities. There are too many adults still living with their aging parents, or in regimented group homes that seem like nothing more than smaller versions of the institutions they left. The recent initiatives for self-determination and self-directed services hope to restructure our approach to providing support and thereby finally fulfill the promise of building inclusive communities. This paper provides an informal case study of how one young man and his family have benefited from this move to self-directed services. We tell the story of Ian Ferguson moving into a home of his own. As part of that story, we describe two support strategies that have emerged as crucial to the success of his living a life on his own. We describe the Personal Support Agent (PSA) and Community Service Brokerage (CSB), connect them with the principles of self-determination and report how they have actually been applied in Ian's life.
What do homeowners with disabilities tell us about being	homeowners? A qualitative report
Authors: Jane M. Everson  , Philip G. Wilson
Published: November 2024

Advocates of homeownership for individuals with disabilities and low-incomes claim that multiple benefits are associated with homeownership versus renting. However, little data exist to support these claims. This qualitative study used a focus group to explore the impact of homeownership on the lives of adults with disabilities and low-incomes. Results indicate that participants are extraordinarily satisfied with their homes, neighborhoods, and status as homeowners. They also expressed more self-determination behaviors and skills since becoming homeowners. However, data also indicate that these homeowners may experience different and perhaps less community presence and participation than they did as renters.
Making employment a reality
Authors: Eaton Bill , Condon Ellen , Mast Melinda
Published: November 2024

Significant issues for people with severe physical and multiple disabilities and for professionals working in the employment field continues to be how to determine an applicant's goals and abilities, how to approach employers and how to effectively represent the strengths and potential contributions of an applicant. This paper presents an individualized approach that includes discovery as the key component leading to job development for people with physical and significant disability. Case studies serve as examples of the process.
Personal budgets: The future of funding?
Authors: Callahan Michael
Published: November 2024

The reauthorization of the 1992 Rehabilitation Act prompted Vocational Rehabilitation to authorize a five-year demonstration to enhance choice using ``vouchering'' or personal budgets. During the years of the project a great deal was learned about the issues surrounding individual control of resources for persons with significant disabilities. This article identifies significant findings and ramifications and provides insight into the possible future of funding.
Factors that prevent or assist the integration of assistive	technology into the workplace for people with spinal cord injuries:	Perspectives of the users and their employers and co-workers
Authors: Driscoll Michelle P. , Rodger Sylvia A. , Jonge Desleigh M. de
Published: November 2024

{\it Objective:} This paper examines the barriers faced by people with Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI) when integrating their Assistive Technology (AT) into the workplace, as well as factors that contribute to successful integration.

{\it Study design:} A qualitative research design was used, and indepth interviews were undertaken with five people with SCI, three of their employers and two co-workers.

{\it Results:} Results indicated that in addition to the barriers previously outlined in the literature related to funding the technology, time delays, information availability, training and maintenance, other issues were highlighted. These included the attitudes of the parties involved, the level of responsibility they assumed in the process, and their knowledge and awareness of AT and AT services, as well as issues associated with the work environment.

{\it Conclusions:} Implications for service providers are considered in relation to these barriers and the factors that promoted successful integration. Limitations of this study are noted and recommendations for future research are highlighted.
Why businesses don't employ people with disabilities
Authors: Peck Bob , Kirkbride Lynn Trew
Published: November 2024

This article provides a business perspective and shares the unspoken fears within the employer community related to the hiring and advancement of people with disabilities. It discusses the importance of understanding these fears and the strategies that will be necessary for combating these issues.
Recruiting and retaining the best from America's largest untapped	talent pool
Authors: Green J. Howard , Brooke Valerie
Published: November 2024

This article examines the need for identifying the business reasons for including people with disabilities in the workplace. Attitudes of businesses will be addressed, as well as strategies for bringing about a reduction in the unemployment of people with disabilities. The authors will discuss suggestions made by Human Resource personnel, as well as first line managers regarding issues of recruiting, hiring, accommodating, and promoting people with disabilities.
Getting corporations ready to recruit workers with	disabilities
Authors: Younes Nadia
Published: November 2024

Wells Fargo shares their strategies for the hiring, advancing, and retaining people with disabilities in the workplace. Vital to their company model is the belief that companies that have diverse customers needs a diverse workforce to serve them. A corporate culture that promotes continues learning and develops hiring procedures that yields good employee/job matches have been the keys to success.
The rehabilitation and employer partnership: Walking the	walk
Authors: Anderson Peggy
Published: November 2024

This articles reviews the basic principles of marketing and applies them to partnerships between staff in vocational rehabilitation organizations and the business community. Best practices are shared for developing and strengthening such partnerships. In addition, guidelines and components for rehabilitation personnel training programs are provided and designed to strengthen the business-rehabilitation partnership.
Interagency partnerships and funding: Individual supports for	youth with significant disabilities as they move into postsecondary education	and employment options
Authors: Hart Debra , Zimbrich Karen , Ghiloni Claire
Published: November 2024

Massachusetts youth with significant disabilities, ages 18 to 22, have new opportunities to enter postsecondary education and employment options while still under the auspices of their local school districts. This article describes how an interagency partnership of adult service agencies, the Community Based Employment Services (CBES) program, was utilized by high school-based Youth Support Teams (YSTs) to develop a new individual support model of collaborative funding for transition-aged youth.

Section 1 of this article presents the rationale for using an individual support model of service delivery and describes the six-step process that supports the vision of participating youth. Section 2 discusses the development and main components of the CBES partnership.
Post-secondary educational practices for individuals with mental	retardation and other significant disabilities: A review of the	literature
Authors: Neubert Debra A. , Moon M. Sherril , Grigal Meg , Redd Vanessa
Published: November 2024

Providing opportunities for individuals with mental retardation and other significant disabilities to participate in educational, vocational, and recreational activities on college campuses has been a topic of interest among educators and adult service providers for the past 30 years. We reviewed the literature on post-secondary programs and supports for these individuals to (a) identify a philosophical basis for providing such opportunities, (b) identify practices, and (c) summarize research on the efficacy of these efforts. The literature from the 1970's to 1990's provided descriptions of programs or advocated for the inclusion of adults with mental retardation on college campuses in position papers. Limited empirical data supported the efficacy of these programs. The literature during the 1990's shifted to providing post-secondary programs or individual supports to students with mental retardation and other significant disabilities, ages 18--22, who were still enrolled in public schools. Implications for emerging trends, research and program evaluation, and replication of practices are discussed.
A 20/20 analysis of postsecondary support characteristics
Authors: Sharpe Michael N. , Johnson David R.
Published: November 2024

A 20/20 analysis was conducted with data obtained from a national survey to study institutional characteristics of support services that reflect high and low levels of capacity based on supports and accommodations available to students with disabilities. In this analysis, 2-year and 4-year public and private institutions (N = 259) were partitioned into two groups representing High Capacity and Low Capacity institutions. The analysis examined issues related to institution size, disability types of students served, staff-to-student ratios, and other elements of services that reflect "capacity". The purpose of 20/20 analysis is to "look to the margins" of programs to better understand the nature and range of supports which are currently provided to students. Results of this study indicate that High Capacity institutions provide significantly more supports and accommodations to a more diverse range of students with disabilities, even with staff-to-student ratios about the same or higher than Low Capacity institutions. Also, supporting other research conducted in this area, large, public institutions were found to reflect a greater level of capacity than small, private institutions.
The monetary benefits and costs of hiring supported employees: A	primer
Authors: Cimera Robert E.
Published: November 2024

The fiscal aspects of supported employment programs are well explored from the perspectives of the supported employee, taxpayer, and society in general. However, little has been written regarding the economic advantages or disadvantages experienced by employers who hire supported employees. A potential cause for this lack of emphasis on the employer's perspective may be the convoluted nature of the issue. This manuscript proposes an economic, cost-accounting, framework that could help determine whether hiring supported employees is a good financial decision for businesses.
An end user survey on the development of an on-line job	information system for people with psychiatric disabilities in Hong Kong
Authors: Tsang Hector W.H. , Chiu Pi-Fan , Ng Bacon F.L.
Published: November 2024

An on-line job information system facilitating the vocational rehabilitation process for use by rehabilitation professionals, people with psychiatric disabilities, and their relatives are to be developed in Hong Kong. The preferred functions and features of the system were collected by a questionnaire survey among 90 occupational therapists, social workers, and nurses as the potential end users. The preferred functions included job matching, providing information on job vacancies relevant to people with psychiatric disabilities, and making suggestions on areas of improvement on clients'abilities.
From values to practice: State level implementation of supported	employment
Authors: Rogan Pat , Novak Jeanne , Mank David , Martin Rita
Published: November 2024

To what extent have states implemented supported employment in a manner consistent with the Rehabilitation Act? Why is there such a variation across states in supported employment outcomes? Why have some states developed progressive systems of supported employment, while others maintain more restrictive policies and practices? This article highlights the values and principles embodies in the Rehabilitation Act and explores the extent to which state supported employment policies and practices reflect the spirit of the law. Examples of state policies and practices that exemplify the key values of the Rehabilitation Act are discussed, and challenges and choices faced by states are presented in the context of systems change.