bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fechamento ortodôntico de espaço do incisivo central superior ausente avulsionado por trauma, em uma má oclusão de Classe II
Authors: Oliveira Pedro Lima Emmerich , Souza Margareth Maria Gomes de , Pithon Matheus Melo
Published: July 2021

OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente artigo é relatar o tratamento de um paciente com má oclusão de Classe II e incisivo central superior avulsionado por trauma. DESCRIÇÃO: O primeiro pré-molar superior direito foi extraído, e o movimento mesial do incisivo lateral foi realizado para substituir o incisivo central; o canino foi mesializado para substituir o lateral, e os pré-molares do lado esquerdo migraram para mesial, substituindo o canino, terminando a relação molar em Classe II. Para a realização do tratamento, foram utilizados mini-implantes ortodônticos como ancoragem para os movimentos dentários. CONCLUSÃO: A estratégia de tratamento atendeu aos objetivos estéticos, oclusais e funcionais estipulados.
Tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico de deformidade dentofacial complexa associada à SAHOS, com o auxílio de dispositivos de ancoragem esquelética: miniplacas e mini-implantes
Authors: Zanardi Gustavo
Published: July 2021

OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente artigo foi relatar o caso clínico de um paciente portador de deformidade dentofacial complexa associada a má oclusão assimétrica, com desvio da linha média inferior, ausência de incisivos superiores e mordida cruzada posterior, além de distúrbios respiratórios graves, caracterizados pela Síndrome de Apneia e Hipopneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAHOS), confirmada pelo exame de polissonografia do sono. RELATO DE CASO: Durante o preparo ortodôntico, foram instaladas duas miniplacas na maxila, além de utilização de barra transpalatina expandida e elásticos intermaxilares cruzados, para expandir a arcada superior, descruzar a mordida e criar espaço para implantes anteriores superiores. Utilizou-se mecânica com molas fechadas de níquel-titânio apoiadas nas miniplacas, para distalização de toda a arcada superior e correção da má oclusão de Classe II. Na arcada inferior, optou-se pela instalação de um mini-implante na distal do #37 em região de trigonorretromolar, utilizado de maneira indireta como ancoragem, e foi realizada a extração do dente #35 e retração dos dentes anteriores, com correção do desvio da linha média inferior, que era de cerca de 5 mm, para que ela passasse a coincidir com a linha média do mento. Após adequado preparo ortodôntico, realizou-se a cirurgia ortognática de avanço bimaxilar, com rotação do plano oclusal no sentido anti-horário e avanço e redução vertical do mento. Os objetivos propostos foram atingidos, tanto no aspecto estético quanto no oclusal e no funcional. Houve melhora na apneia, conforme resultado da nova polissonografia do sono. O paciente ficou satisfeito com o resultado obtido, principalmente pelas mudanças faciais e respiratórias ocorridas. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se, com a descrição desse caso clínico, que a associação de preparo ortodôntico realizado com o auxílio de ancoragem esquelética (miniplacas e mini-implantes), cirurgia ortognática e finalização ortodôntica com elásticos intermaxilares e dobras de finalização mostrou-se adequada para a solução dos problemas apresentados, visando a obtenção de uma face, respiração e oclusão mais harmoniosas ao fim do tratamento.
Tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico da Classe II, Padrão II, com retrognatismo mandibular, utilizando miniparafusos na buccal shelf para verticalização dos incisivos inferiores
Authors: Villela Henrique Mascarenhas , Drago Paula
Published: July 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: Os tratamentos ortodônticos-cirúrgicos são empregados nas correções das deformidades dentofaciais de pacientes adultos que apresentam discrepâncias esqueléticas severas ou moderadas que sejam incom- patíveis com a camuflagem ortodôntica. Muitas vezes, as metas terapêuticas dos preparos ortodônticos para a cirurgia ortognática são opostas às metas das correções ortodônticas compensatórias. A camuflagem da Classe II em pacientes Padrão II com retrognatismo mandibular tem como objetivo reduzir o trespasse horizontal, por meio da diminuição da inclinação dos incisivos superiores e/ou o aumento da inclinação dos incisivos inferiores. Por outro lado, nos preparos ortodônticos pré-cirúrgicos, essas compensações dentárias são eliminadas com o correto posicionamento dos incisivos em suas bases ósseas. Isso torna o trespasse horizontal compatível com a discrepância esquelética, permitindo a adequada correção cirúrgica. Assim sendo, a avaliação inicial das inclinações dos incisivos exerce um importante papel nas diretrizes do tratamento ortodôntico preparatório para cirurgia ortognática. Para reduzir a inclinação dos incisivos inferiores, pode-se recorrer a extrações de primeiros pré-molares inferiores ou à distalização de toda a arcada, com a utilização de ancoragem esquelética. A recente utilização de miniparafusos extra-alveolares na região da buccal shelf possibilitou maiores movimentações sagitais, por meio da retração de toda a arcada inferior, quando comparados aos miniparafusos intra-alveolares. Em comparação às miniplacas, esse dispositivo apresenta as mesmas taxas de sucesso e, ainda, algumas vantagens, como: menor risco de inflamação, menor custo, menor morbidade, menor desconforto e maior simplicidade na instalação e na remoção, dispensando a necessidade do encaminhamento para um cirurgião. OBJETIVO: O presente artigo apresenta, por meio do relato de um caso clínico, uma estratégia de tratamento ortodôntico preparatório para cirurgia ortognática de correção da Classe II, em um paciente Padrão II com retrognatismo mandibular. Nesse caso, foi efetuada a descompensação dos incisivos inferiores, utilizando a ancoragem esquelética com miniparafusos extra-alveolares na região da buccal shelf. CONCLUSÃO: A utilização dos miniparafusos extra-alveolares na região da buccal shelf se mostrou eficiente para efetuar a retração da arcada inferior, visto que ocorreu uma redução de 13o na inclinação dos incisivos inferiores (IMPA inicial de 118o para IMPA de 105o ) em um período de 7 meses de retração no tratamento pré-cirúrgico. Essa estratégia, além de evitar a indicação da extração de pré-molares inferiores, promoveu o aumento do trespasse horizontal e possibilitou o correto posicionamento dos incisivos inferiores em sua base óssea, bem como propiciou condi- ções adequadas para efetuar a correção da discrepância esquelética por meio da cirurgia ortognática.
Tratamento da má oclusão de Classe II com retrusão mandibular e apinhamento severo superior e inferior, em paciente com crescimento vertical: relato de caso
Authors: Dasneves Bruno Moreira , Capelli Júnior Jonas
Published: July 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: No tratamento da má oclusão de Classe II, existem diversos fatores que devem ser avaliados para se determinar o correto diagnóstico, a terapêutica e o momento da intervenção ortodôntica. CASO CLÍNICO: O presente artigo relata o tratamento ortodôntico de um paciente com onze anos de idade e má oclusão de Classe II, divisão 1 de Angle, subdivisão direita, com sobressaliência positiva de 6 mm, Classe II esquelética por retrusão mandibular e caninos superiores em infraoclusão. Devido ao perfil convexo e ao severo apinhamento superior e inferior, a opção de tratamento escolhida foi a exodontia dos quatro primeiros pré-molares, permitindo a resolução do apinha- mento e a colocação dos caninos na correta posição nas arcadas. RESULTADOS: Ao fim do tratamento, o paciente apresentou uma melhora no perfil facial, estética do sorriso agradável e sobressaliência e sobremordida ideais, além de oclusão funcional, com guias excursivas dos movimentos mandibulares bem estabelecidas. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando-se as possibilidades de abordagem, a realização de exodontias com camuflagem ortodôntica auxiliada por dispositivos de ancoragem temporária se mostrou uma alternativa de tratamento correta, oferecendo ao paciente bons resultados estéticos e funcionais.
Pode movimentar dente com ápice incompleto?
Authors: Consolaro Alberto , Miranda Dario A Oliveira , Consolaro Renata Bianco
Published: July 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: Dentes com ápices incompletos podem ser movimentados desde que se distribuam uniformemente as forças aplicadas ao longo da raiz, sem abusar da inclinação. Não há como eliminar os cementoblastos no ápice em formação. Forças muito intensas, aplicadas de forma inadvertida, acidental ou negligente, podem reduzir o volume sanguíneo para essa região e levar ao amadurecimento precoce desses tecidos embrionários, com formação antecipada do ápice e encurtamento discreto do dente. CONCLUSÃO: Isso ajuda a explicar os pré-molares mais curtos que os demais em um mesmo paciente, por sobrecarga oclusal, quando chegam ao plano oclusal com o ápice em formação.
Tudo tem um tempo certo!
Authors: Almeida Marcio
Published: July 2021

“As coisas boas chegam com o tempo, e as melhores, de repente.” (autoria desconhecida)
Tratamento da Classe III esquelética, hiperdivergente, assimétrica, utilizando elásticos intermaxilares ancorados em miniplacas, associados a aparelhos autoligáveis passivos com prescrição individualizada
Authors: Villela Henrique Mascarenhas
Published: July 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: O uso de elásticos intermaxilares aplicados nas mini-placas tem se mostrado eficiente na correção de más oclusões de Classe III esquelética por meio da protração maxilar. Além do efeito ortopédico na maxila, os elásticos intermaxilares podem obter excelentes resultados no redirecionamento do crescimento mandibular, controlando o componente vertical, bem como a assimetria. Quando essa estratégia é associada ao tratamento ortodôntico com aparelhos autoligáveis passivos com prescrição individualizada, a compensação dentária pode ser inibida. OBJETIVO: O presente artigo apresenta um relato de caso clínico que mostra uma estratégia de tratamento ortopédico e ortodôntico para correção da Classe III esquelética, hiperdivergente e assimétrica. Foram utilizados elásticos intermaxilares nas miniplacas localizadas na crista infrazigomática e na região anterior da mandíbula. Após um ano de tratamento ortopédico, foi instalado aparelho ortodôntico fixo autoligável passivo, com prescrições individualizadas. RESULTADO: As alterações ortopédicas foram: mudança de 9,5 mm na medida Wits (de -11,0 mm para -1,5 mm), aumento de 3,5o no ANB (de -4,5o para -1,0o ), redução de 8o no plano mandibular FMA (de 31o para 23o ) e correção da assimetria mandibular. O efeito ortodôntico mais significativo foi a correção do apinhamento severo na arcada superior, utilizando torques negativos nos braquetes dos incisivos, proporcionando um movimento de corpo para vestibular (1.PP = 117o ). Na arcada inferior, não houve modificações nas inclinações dos incisivos (IMPA= 89o ).
Financing in Women-Led Companies in Mexico City
Authors: Saavedra García María Luisa , Aguilar Anaya María de los Ángeles , Tapia Sánchez Blanca
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar un diagnóstico para conocer de qué manera se están financiando las empresas dirigidas por mujeres y cuáles son los principales obstáculos para acceder a fuentes de financiamiento. Se recolectaron los datos aplicando un cuestionario a una muestra de 272 empresarias voluntarias de la Ciudad de México. Los principales hallazgos muestran que predomina el tamaño micro, en sectores servicios y comercio, y no cuentan con personalidad jurídica. Las empresarias no acceden a las ayudas gubernamentales y privadas como consecuencia de la falta de participación en redes empresariales, por lo que prefieren financiarse con recursos propios y con familiares y amigos. Por esta razón, solo una tercera parte han accedido a fuentes de financiamiento externo, y el principal obstáculo para obtenerlo es el exceso de requisitos, entre ellos, ser propietarias de bienes inmuebles y contar con garantías. Estos hallazgos ponen en evidencia la falta de apoyo para las mujeres empresarias, las cuales requieren tanto capacitación como financiamiento para hacer competitivas a sus empresas.
Social Commerce: a Conceptual Approach from the Production of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: García Bonilla Diego Alonso , Rodriguez Guevara Edgar Guillermo , Pineda Ospina Diana Lorena
Published: July 2021

El desarrollo de nuevas plataformas tecnológicas que facilitan la comunicación entre productores y consumidores da lugar a nuevas formas de intercambio como el comercio social. Para ello, el acceso a la información es un elemento central. Sin embargo, lo reciente de su definición genera inquietudessobre su desarrollo conceptual y empírico. Por ello, este artículose propuso identificar las categorías analíticas en la producción de artículosen el comercio social. Metodológicamente, el análisis se desarrolló a partir del análisis semántico latente y el uso contextual de las palabras clave en la producción de la literatura científica. Entre los principales hallazgos,se destacaron cinco aspectos centrales en la producción de conocimiento en el comercio social: conceptualización, formulación de su estrategia,experiencia de los actores involucrados, intercambio comercial y rol de la tecnología. Al respecto, el análisis permitió concluir la existencia de un amplio grupo de posibilidades para el desarrollo del comercio social, y destaca las nuevas funciones para los actores que en el interactúan. En general, los principales aportes contribuyen a la identificación y comprensión de los cambios asociados al consumo y el uso de las tecnológicas de información,especialmente en lo relacionado con las redes sociales.
A bolsa faz diferença? Uma análise do desempenho acadêmico de alunos bolsistas de cursos de graduação da área de negócios
Authors: Nasu Vitor Hideo , Sasso Maiara
Published: July 2021

Esta pesquisa buscou analisar a relação entre as modalidades de bolsas acadêmicas e o desempenho acadêmico de alunos de cursos de graduação da área de negócios. Com base na literatura, duas hipóteses foram formuladas: (i) os alunos que recebem bolsas acadêmicas possuem melhor desempenho acadêmico em relação àqueles que não as recebem e (ii) as modalidades de bolsas acadêmicas possuem relação positiva com o desempenho acadêmico. Utilizaram-se os dados do Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes de 2018, resultando em uma amostra de 83.003 observações. Os resultados dos testes t de Welch indicaram que os alunos bolsistas possuem melhor desempenho acadêmico do que os não-bolsistas e os modelos de regressão apontaram que a modalidade de bolsa acadêmica está positivamente associada à performance discente. Portanto, ambas as hipóteses foram sustentadas. Estas evidências sugerem que as políticas educacionais referentes à concessão de bolsas acadêmicas no âmbito da graduação na área de negócios são relevantes e que as entidades podem, continuamente, aprimorar tais políticas, sobretudo, quando houver mudanças nos contextos social e econômico. Todavia, não foram avaliados os valores das bolsas, mas tão somente a sua concessão e modalidade, abrindo espaço para investigações, especialmente em momentos de restrição orçamentária, tal como provocado pela Covid-19.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in The Community
Authors: Krisniawati Nia , Widhi Anriani Puspita Karunia Ning
Published: July 2021

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) data collection of Escherichia coli resistant to cephalosporin generation III already confirmed in 86 countries. Incredibly high carrier prevalence rates were also widely developed in Thailand, Egypt, and China. The Faculty of Medicine's research team at Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto,  discovered at the beginning of 2018 that Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) E. coli carriers throughout the 2015 class students were 26.8 percent.Objective: This research investigated the Prevalence and associated factors of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (EPE) asymptomatic carriers in the community.Methods: The participant fill a questionnaire, and samples were taken from rectal swabs using Amies transport medium (Labware Charuzu), and then models were analyze using HiCrome ™ ESBL Agar Base (Himedia, India). Analysis of its Prevalence and Resistance Predictors uses IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22.0 for Windows (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp).Results: The Prevalence of EPE asymptomatic carriers in the community in Purwokerto was 66.7%. In the bivariate analysis, subjects who took antacids in the last eight weeks, history of hospitalization in the previous 12 months, the habit of consuming milk, yogurt, cheese, meat, seafood, and raw vegetables did not show any significant difference. Frequent chicken and freshwater fish consumption tended to be a risk factor for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae with PR 1.462, 95% CI (1.115-1.918); PR 1.666, 95% CI  (0.936-2.966); however, in the multivariate logistic regression analysis, this was not significant.Conclusion: The Prevalence of EPE asymptomatic carriers in the community in Purwokerto is 66.7%. All variables did not become any significant of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. However, ESBL remains an emerging antimicrobial resistance.
Water Conservation and Management Practices at the University of Sharjah to Achieve Sustainability Excellence
Authors: Siddique Mohsin , Semerjian Lucy , Bettayeb Maamar , A. Al-Sadoon Zaid , Al Jaberi Bushra Hussein , Eltarabishi Fatma , AlSane Shahd Ibrahim
Published: July 2021

The University of Sharjah is a leading educational and research institution in the Gulf region. To stimulate the different aspects of sustainability in education and research as well as to ensure the implementation of sustainability concepts throughout the University campus operations, the concept of sustainability circles is implemented. The University being in hot-arid-zone and mostly surrounded by desert terrain relies on unconventional water conservation programs and initiatives such as the use of innovation & technology, reuse and recycling of water, and awareness campaigns. In line with such programs, the use of potable water is limited for hygiene purposes and wastewater generated within the University is reused after treatment to irrigate the vast green spaces through the most efficient irrigation water application systems. Examples of water conservation practices include use of efficient water devices, reuse of treated greywater for toilet flushing at a selected location, water quality monitoring, preservation to conserve water for its intended use, promoting waterless car wash on the campus grounds etc. On-campus water is also conserved through disseminating knowledge and awareness to the University community and beyond through various sustainability related programs and initiatives organized by Sustainability Office for water conservation and environmental protection.
Biocarbon from Pruning and Gardening Residues on The Santander University Campus, Using a Pirolisis System with Minimal Gas Emission
Authors: Livia Walter Pardavé , Mantilla Suarez Nadia Fernanda
Published: July 2021

A pilot – level system of the termal pirolisis process was developed to obtain biocarbon with minimal emission of polluting gases, from the solid waste generated in the pruning gases, from the solid waste generated in the pruning and gardening of the university campus of the University of Santander in Bucaramanga Colombia. The pilot – level system has a processing capacity of 50 kilograms of prunning and garden waste, and the operating variables ser 500ªC of temperatura and 120 minutes of processing. The prunnig and gardenning samples were divided into two. The first simple consisted of Woody-type residues (pruningn), the second simple consisted of grass and leat litter remains. The biocarbons obtaneid were characerized physicochemically, by close analysis and last chemical analysis (CHN). For its part, the morphology of the biocarbons and the microchemical anlysis of the ash particles that they possessed was carried out by means of scanning electron microscopy coupled with chemical microanalysis by means of X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy. The biocarbon obtained can be used as soil additions to increase the forests that surrond the University campus.
„Film nowofalowy”. Rola kina w poezji pokolenia ’68
Authors: Czaja Kamila
Published: July 2021

Artykuł prezentuje rolę filmu w poezji pokolenia ’68 – głównie Stanisława Barańczaka, ale także Juliana Kornhausera, Ewy Lipskiej i Adama Zagajewskiego. Nowofalowi twórcy sięgali w wierszach po postacie aktorów (m.in. Humphrey Bogart, Gary Cooper, duet Laurel i Hardy, Charlie Chaplin, Ali McGraw), bohaterów, tytuły, sceny, gatunki filmowe oraz związane z kinem czy, rzadziej, produkcjami telewizyjnymi przeżycia i wnioski. Pozwalało to werbalizować, wręcz „tłumaczyć” na zmysłowe kategorie kwestie dotyczące wyborów etycznych, kondycji człowieka zagubionego w zderzeniu ze światem i nieraz z góry skazanego w tym starciu na porażkę, przemijania oraz prób ominięcia jego bezlitosnych praw.
Kinowa materialność teorii. Deleuze i Jacques Rivette
Authors: Waligóra Agnieszka
Published: July 2021

Artykuł jest próbą analizy perspektyw obejmowanych przez teorię poststrukturalną w analogii do konstrukcji dzieła filmowego. Zgodnie z myślą Gilles’a Deleuze’a, wspieraną interpretacją dzieł Lewisa Carrolla, najważniejszym elementem każdego systemu jest funkcjonalny brak, który ów system aktywizuje i dynamizuje, motywując odbiorców do czynności poznawczych. Tym samym dzieła fabularne i towarzyszące im akty analizy i interpretacji działają na podobnej zasadzie – okazują się „ściganiem sensu”. Hipoteza ta wzbogacona zostaje przez obserwację – dokonaną na podstawie nowofalowego filmu Jacques’a Rivette’a Out 1 – dotyczącą zwrotnego „detekstocentryzowania” i „materializowania” teorii przez dzieła kinowe.
Victoria Kaweiku Lunalino Kalaninuiahilapalapa Kaiulani Cleghorn. Twórcze pisanie i ekranizowanie
Authors: Klimko-Dobrzaniecki Hubert
Published: July 2021

Autor tekstu naświetla okoliczności oraz mechanizmy wzajemnego przenikania się osobistych doświadczeń, fascynacji literaturą i filmem, które po latach doprowadzą do wydania zbioru opowiadań. Stanie się on inspiracją do napisania scenariusza fabularnego filmu krótkometrażowego. Z czasem scenariusz zostanie sfilmowany przez tego samego twórcę. Tekst próbuje wyjaśnić również, w jaki sposób twórcze pisanie może doprowadzić do twórczego ekranizowania.
FAIR and Open Data in Science: The Opportunity for IUPAC
Authors: Bruno Ian , Coles Simon , Koch Wolfram , McEwen Leah , Meyers Fabienne , Stall Shelley
Published: July 2021

At the start of 2020, IUPAC’s Committee on Publications and Cheminformatics Data Standards (CPCDS) formed a Task Force to propose guidelines for the dissemination and sharing of machine-readable chemical data. These guidelines would be for IUPAC to adopt internally and recommend to the wider chemistry community.
IUPAC Focus on Digital Health
Authors: Johannessen Helle Møller , Petersen Ulla Magdal
Published: July 2021

The G-Science Academies of Science and of Medicine published a statement in 2020 titled “Digital Health and the Learning Health System." The statement is interesting and relevant to the work of the Div. VII Chemistry and Human Health, and especially to the Subcommittee on Nomenclature for Properties and Units (SC-NPU).
Diffusion Research with Nanoporous Material
Authors: Kärger Jörg , Ruthven Douglas M. , Valiullin Rustem
Published: July 2021

Owing to their potential for eco-friendly matter upgrading by molecular sieving and shape-selective conversion, nanoporous materials are among the pioneers of green chemistry. The performance of their application is often controlled by diffusion, i.e. the rate of mass transfer within these materials. This mass transfer, however, is rather complex and subject to numerous influences. Unambiguous diffusion measurement has thus remained a challenge to this day with errors in the interpretation of experimental data being all too common. The present feature reports the efforts of an IUPAC initiative to overcome these limitations.
Green synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles prepared using Trigonella foenum-graecum L. leaves grown in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Rizwana Humaira , Alwhibi Mona S. , Aldarsone Hadeel A. , Awad Manal Ahmed , Soliman Dina A. , Bhat Ramesa Shafi
Published: July 2021

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used for medical applications particularly as antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant microbial strains. Some plants stimulate the reduction of Ag ions to AgNPs. In this study, we prepared AgNPs via the green synthesis approach using fenugreek leaves grown in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, we characterized these AgNPs and evaluated their antimicrobial activities against pathogenic yeast, bacteria, and fungi. The ultraviolet-visible peak at 380 nm confirmed the biosynthesis of NPs. Transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed particle size in the range of 9–57 nm with a spherical shape. Dynamic light scattering results confirm slight aggregation as the average particle size was shown as 68.71 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.083. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results showed an intense peak at 3 keV, indicating the presence of elemental AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs efficiently inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; however, varying degree of inhibition was shown toward fungi. The potent antimicrobial ability of the synthesized NPs can be attributed to their small size and round shape. Among all test organisms, the growth of Candida albicans and Helminthosporium sativum was remarkably affected by AgNPs treatment.
Mode of delivery and adverse short- and long-term outcomes in vertex-presenting very preterm born infants: a European population-based prospective cohort study
Authors: Wolf Hanne Trap , Weber Tom , Schmidt Stephan , Norman Mikael , Varendi Heili , Piedvache Aurélie , Zeitlin Jennifer , Huusom Lene Drasbek
Published: July 2021

Objectives

To compare mortality, morbidity and neurodevelopment by mode of delivery (MOD) for very preterm births with low prelabour risk of caesarean section (CS).

Methods

The study was a population-based prospective cohort study in 19 regions in 11 European countries. Multivariable mixed effects models and weighted propensity score models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) by observed MOD and the unit’s policy regarding MOD. Population: Singleton vertex-presenting live births at 24 + 0 to 31 + 6 weeks of gestation without serious congenital anomalies, preeclampsia, HELLP or eclampsia, antenatal detection of growth restriction and prelabour CS for fetal or maternal indications.

Results

Main outcome measures: A composite of in-hospital mortality and intraventricular haemorrhage (grade III/IV) or periventricular leukomalacia. Secondary outcomes were components of the primary outcome, 5 min Apgar score <7 and moderate to severe neurodevelopmental impairment at two years of corrected age. The rate of CS was 29.6% but varied greatly between countries (8.0–52.6%). MOD was not associated with the primary outcome (aOR for CS 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–1.50) when comparing units with a systematic policy of CS or no policy of MOD to units with a policy of vaginal delivery (aOR 0.88; 95% CI 0.59–1.32). No association was observed for two-year neurodevelopment impairment for CS (aOR 1.15; 95% CI 0.66–2.01) or unit policies (aOR 1.04; 95% CI 0.63–1.70).

Conclusions

Among singleton vertex-presenting live births without medical complications requiring a CS at 24 + 0 to 31 + 6 weeks of gestation, CS was not associated with improved neonatal or long-term outcomes.
Assessment of intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnancy and the effect of disease severity on transient tachypnea in the newborn in uncomplicated fetuses
Authors: Madendağ Yusuf , Sahin Erdem , Col Madendag Ilknur , Eraslan Sahin Mefkure
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Considering the effects of bile-acid levels on fetal lungs and pulmonary surfactants, we hypothesized that in the presence of intrahepatic pregnancy cholestasis (ICP), poor neonatal respiratory problems are observed in relation to the severity of the disease. Delivery timing with the presence of ICP is scheduled during late-preterm and early term gestational weeks. The aim of this study was to assess ICP and disease severity effects on transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) in uncomplicated fetuses.

Methods

This study comprised 1,097 singleton pregnant women who were separated into three groups—control, mild ICP, and severe ICP. The pregnant women diagnosed with ICP between January 2010 and September 2020 was investigated using the hospital’s database. For the control group, healthy pregnant women who met the same exclusion criteria and were similar in terms of maternal age, gestational age at delivery, and mode of delivery were analyzed.

Results

The TTN rate was 14.5% in the severe ICP group, 6.5% in the mild ICP group, and 6.2% in the control group. The TTN rate in the severe ICP group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (p<0.001). Similarly, the rate of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit was significantly higher in the severe ICP group than in the other groups (p<0.001). According to Pearson correlation analyses, maternal serum bile–acid levels were positively correlated with TTN (r=0.082; p=0.002).

Conclusions

Severe ICP, but not mild ICP, and serum bile–acid levels were positively correlated with increased TTN risk and reduced pulmonary surfactant levels.
Quantifying Age-Related Changes in Brain and Behavior: A Longitudinal versus Cross-Sectional Approach
Authors: Argiris Georgette , Stern Yaakov , Habeck Christian
Published: July 2021

Cross-sectional versus longitudinal comparisons of age-related change have often revealed differing results. In the current study, we used within-subject task-based fMRI to investigate changes in voxel-based activations and behavioral performance across the life span in the Reference Ability Neural Network cohort, at both baseline and 5 year follow-up. We analyzed fMRI data from between 127 and 159 participants (20–80 years) on a battery of tests relating to each of four cognitive reference abilities. We applied a Gaussian age kernel to capture continuous change across the life span using a 5 year sliding window centered on each age in our participant sample, with a subsequent division into young, middle, and old age brackets. This method was applied separately to both cross-sectional approximations of change and real longitudinal changes adopting a comparative approach. We then focused on longitudinal measurements of neural change to identify regions expressing peak changes and fluctuations of sign change across our sample. Our results revealed several regions expressing divergence between cross-sectional and longitudinal measurements in each domain and age bracket; behavioral comparisons between measurements showed differences in change curves for all four domains, with processing speed displaying the steepest declines. In the longitudinal change measurement, we found lack of support for age-related frontal increases across analysis types, instead finding more posterior regions displaying peak increases in activation, particularly in the old age bracket. Our findings encourage greater focus on longitudinal measurements of age-related changes, which display appreciable differences from cross-sectional approximations.
Complications after different surgical methods for suburethral implantation of polypropylene slings in women with stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Eizenakh Igor , Korotkevich Olesiya , Mozes Vadim , Vlasova Veronika
Published: July 2021

Objective: to identify the proportion of complications after suburethral implantation of polypropylene slings in women with stress urinary incontinence based on a seven-year experience. Material and Methods. We conducted the analysis of а seven-year experience in various implantation techniques of suburethral slings in 1260 women with stress urinary incontinence: inside-out and outside-in obturator sling fixation; suprapubic sling fixation and non-trocar mini-sling installment. Results. The highest incidence of complications was observed over the first two years after suburethral sling implantation was performed. Subsequently, the proportion of complications declined progressively to the lower limit values of 7-8% in the course of three last years. An incidence of early surgical complications among various suburethral sling implantation techniques had no statistically significant differences. However, after the suprapubic sling implantation, intraoperative and mesh-associated complications prevailed. Conclusion. Our study confirmed that suburethral sling implantation using suprapubic fixation method was associated with a higher incidence of complications and should have been performed exclusively for the target group of the patients, for whom safer surgical procedures were contraindicated.
Medicamentous therapy of stable coronary artery disease sensu the guidelines on myocardial revascularization
Authors: Posnenkova Olga , Genkal Ekaterina , Popova Yulia , Kiselev Anton , Gridnev Vladimir
Published: July 2021

Objective: based on the Russian Federation multicenter registry data, to assess the comprehensiveness of medicamentous therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) from the perspective of 2018 European Society of Cardiology (ESC-2018) recommendations for myocardial revascularization and 2017 American Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC-2017) for the expediency of revascularization.
Materials and methods. Anamnestic data of 1531 patients with stable CAD (average age: 61.7 ± 9.8 years; 76% men) were studied. The data source was the Russian Federation multicenter registry of patients with arterial hypertension, CAD, and chronic heart failure. We identified the prescription of optimal medical therapy (OMT) sensu ESC-2018, maximal anti-ischemic therapy (MAT) sensu AUC-2017, and compliance of drug therapy with ESC-2018 and AUC-2017 simultaneously. OMT included at least one anti-ischemic medication + antiplatelet agent + statin + short-acting nitrate + blocker of the renin-angiotensin system in the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or heart failure. MAT included at least two anti-ischemic pharmaceutical drugs. Compliance with these criteria was determined in the groups of patients who underwent, or did not undergo, myocardial revascularization, as well as among those, for whom invasive treatment was indicated as the first priority, as the second priority, or was not indicated at all, according to ESC-2018 and AUC-2017.
Results. Among patients who received solely medicamentous therapy (n=924), OMT was prescribed in 18%, while in the revascularization group (n= 07), in 9% of cases (p <0.001). MAT was also prescribed more often in the conservative therapy group (34%) than in the revascularization group (24%): p = 0.001. OMT sensu ESC-2018 and AUC-2017 in the groups with, or without, intervention was prescribed in 3% vs. 7% of cases, respectively (p <0.001).
Conclusion. According to the Russian Federation multicenter registry, medicamentous therapy of stable CAD complies with the provisions of European and American clinical guidelines for myocardial revascularization in a small proportion of patients, regardless of the chosen treatment tactics.
A novel approach to initial hearing assessment
Authors: Vladimirova Tatyana , Aizenshtadt Lyubov , Davydkin-Gogel Mikhail
Published: July 2021

Objective: justifying the possibility of using frequency-based hearing research via the web application ‘Automated System for Initial Hearing Assessment’.
Materials and methods. The study was carried out at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the Samara State Medical University clinics in October 2019. It involved 91 patients 17 to 73 years old (average age 48±14.6 years). All study participants were divided into two age groups: Group I 17-59 years old), and Group II (over 60 years old). Patients were required to undergo two hearing assessment tests: using the Interacoustics AC-40 clinical audiometer and using our web application ‘Automated System for Initial Hearing Assessment’ (patent No. 2019664671).
Results. The maximum difference in average hearing thresholds between pure-tone threshold audiometry and the web application in Group I was 3.3 dB at a frequency of 2 kHz on the right and 3.2 dB at frequencies of 2 and 4 kHz on the left; in Group II, it constituted 4.7 and 3.5 dB at 1 and 2 kHz, on the right, correspondingly, and 7.2 dB at 4 kHz on the left. The presented data were evaluated using the Cohen’s kappa coefficient, which confirmed high level of agreement between the results obtained using the clinical audiometer vs. our original web application.
Conclusion. Based on the obtained results, a conclusion was made about the possibility of using the original web application for the initial hearing express assessment in general practice in conditions of limited availability of audiological care.
Stress-strain properties of aponeurotic suture in anterior abdominal wall after a midline laparotomy
Authors: Vertyankin Sergey , Vanzha Yana , Mayorov Rodion , Turlykova Izabella , Golyadkina Anastasia , Polienko Asel , Inozemtsev Evgeny
Published: July 2021

Objective: method development for preventing postoperative ventral hernias based on experimental assessment of the stress-strain properties of aponeurosis in various types of a midline laparotomy.
Materials and methods. We evaluated 42 fascia muscular aponeurotic complexes of the anterior abdominal wall. Based on the technique for dissecting the aponeurosis and its suturing, the complexes were divided into two groups (each containing 21 samples): Group 1 with a bypass of the umbilical ring on the left, and Group 2 with umbilical ring dissection.
Results. Fascia aponeurotic complexes dissected and sutured through the umbilical ring (Group 2) had, on the average, higher values of mechanical characteristics. E.g., mean values of tensile stress (S), tensile stress at a maximum load (Smax), Young’s modulus (E), aponeurotic tensile strain (D), aponeurotic tensile strain at a maximum load (Dmax), and maximum load level (Load) were higher in Group 2 by 35.4; 39.8; 14.9; 34.6; 30.2 and 40.2 (%), respectively.
Conclusion. We conducted the development, experimental application and evaluation of a novel method for preventing postoperative ventral hernias after a midline laparotomy based on the assessment of the stress-strain properties of aponeurosis.
Whole-genome sequencing of single circulating tumor cells from neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Childs Alexa , Steele Christopher D , Vesely Clare , Rizzo Francesca M , Ensell Leah , Lowe Helen , Dhami Pawan , Vaikkinen Heli , Luong Tu Vinh , Conde Lucia , Herrero Javier , Caplin Martyn , Toumpanakis Christos , Thirlwell Christina , Hartley John A , Pillay Nischalan , Meyer Tim
Published: July 2021

Single-cell profiling of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as part of a minimally invasive liquid biopsy presents an opportunity to characterize and monitor tumor heterogeneity and evolution in individual patients. In this study, we aimed to compare single-cell copy number variation (CNV) data with tissue and define the degree of intra- and inter-patient genomic heterogeneity. We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) whole-genome CNV analysis of 125 single CTCs derived from seven patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) alongside matched white blood cells (WBC), formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), and fresh frozen (FF) samples. CTC CNV profiling demonstrated recurrent chromosomal alterations in previously reported NEN copy number hotspots, including the prognostically relevant loss of chromosome 18. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering revealed CTCs with distinct clonal lineages as well as significant intra- and inter-patient genomic heterogeneity, including subclonal alterations not detectable by bulk analysis and previously unreported in NEN. Notably, we also demonstrated the presence of genomically distinct CTCs according to the enrichment strategy utilized (EpCAM-dependent vs size-based). This work has significant implications for the identification of therapeutic targets, tracking of evolutionary change, and the implementation of CTC-biomarkers in cancer.
Modal analysis of violin bodies with back plates made of different wood species
Authors: Gliga Vasile Ghiorghe , Stanciu Mariana Domnica , Nastac Silviu Marian , Campean Mihaela
Published: July 2021

This research investigated the potential of some European wood species for use in the manufacturing of the back plates of violins as an alternative to the quite rare curly maple wood. An experimental modal analysis was employed for this purpose using the impact hammer method. The modal analysis was performed both on the top and back plates, as individual structures, and then after being integrated into the violin body. The modal analysis envisaged the determination of the eigenfrequencies (natural frequencies), the number of spectral components, and the quality factor, as important indicators of the acoustic performances of a musical instrument. A multi-criteria analysis based on the values obtained for these indicators allowed interesting findings concerning the acoustic properties of the selected wood species (hornbeam, willow, ash, bird-eye maple, walnut, and poplar). Same as curly maple, they all have special aesthetics, but only hornbeam, willow, and ash wood proved to have acoustic potential as well.
COGNITIVE TRANSLATION STRATEGIES (ON THE MATERIAL OF COMIC BOOK “THE DESTINY OF NUMANTIA”)
Authors: Khodorenko Anna
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe background of the article are the aspects of the problem solving in the process oftranslation, as well as the aspect of cognitive metaphor translation Theoretical background goes tothe works dedicated to intersemiotic translation of the comics, particularly the comic book “Aius.El Destino de Numancia (Ayus. The Destiny of Numantia)” from Spanish into Russian.

The purpose of the article is to discuss problem of equivalency characterized in generalterms of the theory and practice of translation.

The research material has been specified with the methods of description and analyticalobservation of the process of problem solving in the translation process.

Results. The material of the article is the original book and the original publishedtranslation of Spanish comics based on the Numantia real story, historical fight against Romanexpansion led by ancient people of Numantia, modern territory of Castille and Leon, Spain. Thedifficulties of translation, mainly, stylistic, cognitive, cultural conflicts in the process of translatingare discussed and analyzed.Based on the identified typological characteristics, types, components,functions of the source language, the most commonly used problem solving model has beenconstructed and most usable translation strategies are highlighted, as well as there wererecommended solutions to emerging problems of the lacunarity concept problem solving, complexasymmetric constructions translation solutions.

Discussion. The emotional-cognitive component, the value of intercultural adaptation, in theframework of heuristic theory in the process of further developing of the theory and practice ofprofessional translation was substantiated. It has been outlined the perspectives of the current studywith a cognitive component included, gaining relevance in the process of general globalization andtrends of modern society as well as the role of the translation in it.
COMMUNICATIVE-PRAGMATIC POTENTIAL OF THE MEANS OF EXPRESSION OF FUTURAL MEANING IN PUBLICISTIC DISCOURSE OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE
Authors: Kirkovs'ka Inga
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground. The article under consideration focuses on the comprehensive research of CF,integrating stylistic, lexico-grammatical and communicative contexts of its realization in publicisticdiscourse of the French language.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the stylistic and communicative peculiarities ofthe publicistic type of discourse, research the discourse differences between publicistic and literarytypes of discourse, define the types of futural semantics in publicistic type of discourse in theFrench language and specify their communicative potential.

Methods of the research. The article under discussion applies comprehensive approach toCF research: interpretation procedure to differentiate modus components and separate modalmeanings of CF, method of semantic generalization to study the CF tense forms usage, thediscourse analysis operations to discover the remote structure with futural meaning, contextual andfunctional-stylistic analyses to discover CF semantics in separate microcontexts.

Results of the investigation. The notions of strategy and tactics of language communication,overall context of utterance and speaker’s communicative aim producing, realized within a singlecommunicative act, are the foundation of the communicative-pragmatic analysis of the types ofdiscourse, implementing CF. Publicistic discourse is regarded as a certain type of discourse, as acorrelate of publicistic style. The communicative-pragmatic effect realization in a certain type ofdiscourse may involve the combination of semantic-stylistic and contextological analysis of theutterance. The analysis of the factual material proves that predictive publicism makes a significantpart of CF rate of usage.

Discussion. It has been found out that publicistic discourse feeds into existential discoursebasic model. Its essence is in semiotization of the future reality in the long term or near-termperspective. The comparison of the tenses usage in publicistic and literary texts has demonstratedthe difference in their temporal structure – publicistic style, as opposed to literary style, ischaracteristic of preservation of frequency of the timeframe. Publicistic style, as well as literarystyle, contains futural contexts, which include integrative combinations of the verbs of movement,semantics of verbs, conveying different types of aspectual situations and grammar means.Publicistic type of discourse of the French language contains all four moods of French, able torealize two major forms of futural semantics – “future prediction” and “volitive future”. Prospectsof the future investigations lie in the study of CF expression in different types of language acts suchas: emotional-evaluative, declarative, directive, commissive, representative, in particular, wishes,permissions, demands, hints. Moreover, it seems highly potential to research CF in different typesof discourse, namely, in esoteric, culinary, advertese, intensional, etc.