bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Participation, Recruitment Selection, and the Minimum Wage
Authors: Gavrel Frédéric
Published: October 2015

In this paper, we re‐examine the efficiency of participation with heterogeneous workers in a search‐matching model with bargained wages and free entry. Assuming that firms hire their best applicants, we show that participation is always too low. The reason for this is a hold‐up phenomenon: to be active, a worker must pay the entire search cost whereas part of the gain from this investment goes to the firm. As a consequence, introducing a (small) minimum wage raises participation, job creation, and employment. Therefore, net aggregate income of the economy is increased.
The Impact of School Lunches on Primary School Enrollment: Evidence from India's Midday Meal Scheme
Authors: Jayaraman Rajshri , Simroth Dora
Published: October 2015

At the end of 2001, the Indian Supreme Court issued a directive ordering states to institute school lunches – known locally as “midday meals” – in government primary schools. In this paper we provide a large‐scale assessment of the enrollment effects of India's midday meal scheme, which offers warm lunches, free of cost, to 120 million primary school children across India, and is the largest school feeding program in the world. To isolate the causal effect of the policy, we make use of its staggered implementation across Indian states in government but not private schools. Using a panel dataset of more than 420,000 schools observed annually from 2002 to 2004, we find that midday meals result in substantial increases in primary school enrollment, driven by early primary school responses to the program. Our results are robust to a wide range of specification tests.
What Drives the Historical Formation and Persistent Development of Territorial States?
Authors: Ang James B.
Published: October 2015

The importance of the length of state history for understanding variations in income levels and growth rates across countries has received a lot of attention in the recent literature on long‐run comparative development. The literature, however, is silent about its origins. This paper explores the determinants of statehood by considering the potential roles of an early transition to fully‐fledged agricultural production, the adoption of state‐of‐the‐art military innovations, and the opportunity for economic interaction with the regional economic leader. The results demonstrate that only the association between economic interaction and the rise and development of the state is statistically robust.
Empirical Evidence on the Relationship between Mobile Termination Rates and Firms' Profits
Authors: Andersson Kjetil , Foros Øystein , Hansen Bjørn
Published: October 2015

The theoretical literature on mobile termination rates (MTRs) is inconclusive on how the level of MTRs affects overall consumer charges and firms' profits. We show that when firms offer bundles with fixed included usage – a tariff structure that has become more common in recent years – an identical change in all MTRs does not affect firms' retail prices or profits. We use a panel dataset from saturated European markets to estimate the effect of MTRs on mobile operators' profits. As predicted by the theoretical model, we cannot reject the fact that firms' profits are unaffected by an identical change in all MTRs.
Effects of HLA‐DPB1 genotypes on chronic hepatitis B infection in Japanese individuals
Authors: Nishida N. , Ohashi J. , Sugiyama M. , Tsuchiura T. , Yamamoto K. , Hino K. , Honda M. , Kaneko S. , Yatsuhashi H. , Koike K. , Yokosuka O. , Tanaka E. , Taketomi A. , Kurosaki M. , Izumi N. , Sakamoto N. , Eguchi Y. , Sasazuki T. , Tokunaga K. , Mizokami M.
Published: October 2015

Significant associations of HLA‐DP alleles with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection are evident in Asian and Arabian populations, including Japanese, Han Chinese, Korean, and Saudi Arabian populations. Here, significant associations between CHB infection and five DPB1 alleles (two susceptibility alleles, DPB1*05:01 and *09:01, and three protective alleles, DPB1*02:01, *04:01, and *04:02) were confirmed in a population comprising of 2582 Japanese individuals. Furthermore, odds ratios for CHB were higher for those with both DPB1 susceptibility alleles than for those with only one susceptibility allele; therefore, effects of susceptibility alleles were additive for risk of CHB infection. Similarly, protective alleles showed an additive effect on protection from CHB infection. Moreover, heterozygotes of any protective allele showed stronger association with CHB than did homozygotes, suggesting that heterozygotes may bind a greater variety of hepatitis B‐derived peptides, and thus present these peptides more efficiently to T‐cell receptors than homozygotes. Notably, compound heterozygote of the protective allele (any one of DPB1*02:01, *04:01, and *04:02) and the susceptible allele DPB1*05:01 was significantly associated with protection against CHB infection, which indicates that one protective HLA‐DPB1 molecule can provide dominant protection. Identification of the HLA‐DPB1 genotypes associated with susceptibility to and protection from CHB infection is essential for future analysis of the mechanisms responsible for immune recognition of hepatitis B virus antigens by HLA‐DPB1 molecules.
Vigorous inflammatory responses in noninfectious pulmonary complication induced by donor lymphocyte infusion
Authors: Nishie Miyuki , Fujii Nobuharu , Mimura Yusuke , Asano Takeru , Mimura‐Kimura Yuka , Aoe Keisuke , Aoe Michinori , Nakashima Hiromi , Fujiwara Hideaki , Nishimori Hisakazu , Matsuoka Ken‐Ichi , Kondo Eisei , Maeda Yoshinobu , Tanimoto Mitsune
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND

Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is used for treatment of hematologic malignancy relapse or mixed chimerism after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Although graft‐versus‐host disease is well recognized as one of the adverse effects of DLI, there are limited reports on noninfectious pulmonary complications (NIPCs) after DLI.

CASE REPORT

A 55‐year‐old woman with acute myeloid leukemia received DLI for conversion from recipient predominant to complete donor chimerism on Day +193 after allogeneic HSCT. Eight weeks later, she complained of dyspnea with fever; chest computed tomography revealed diffuse, bilateral, ground glass opacity and reticular appearance. She was diagnosed as having NIPC based on serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) findings. She was successfully treated with prednisolone (PSL) and completely recovered.

DISCUSSION

We analyzed the cell profile from the BALF and 27 cytokines and chemokines in the serum using the Bio‐Plex platform. The cells consisted of recipient predominant macrophages and T cells. The serum cytokine and chemokine profile showed significant elevation of interleukin (IL)−1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor‐α, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)−1α, and MIP‐1β, which declined with the improvement of symptoms after initiation of PSL treatment.

CONCLUSION

Inflammatory effectors by recipient cells, rather than allogeneic responses by donor cells, played an important role in the pathogenesis of NIPCs after DLI in the present case.
A Novel Model of the Equivalent Viscosity of Simple Viscoelastic Fluids
Authors: Zhang Bo
Published: October 2015

This paper presents the Maxwell model in simple shear flow by using the complex analysis, instead of the matrix analysis which is generally used in the literature. It is found that the viscoelastic fluids will behave viscoelastically only when the elastic shear deformation is significant, say about unity. Analysis of the viscoelastic flow based on the assumption of small elastic deformation will overlook the viscoelasticity. Because the elastic deformation is always great when the viscoelasticity is observed, the constant elasticity assumption, rather than the constant viscosity assumption, will lose its effect. This paper first introduces the assumption that the shear modulus of viscoelastic fluids is linearly related to the shear strain rate, and the equivalent viscosity is compared with the experimental results for some simple hydrocarbons in the literature. The theory proposed in this paper gives predictions agreed with the experimental results as well as the Carreau model.
Warner–Sommerfeld Impedance and Mobility Maps
Authors: Boedo S. , Booker J. F.
Published: October 2015

This note provides additional graphical representations and curve-fit expressions for characteristics of the Warner–Sommerfeld approximate solution of the Reynolds equation for cavitating journal finite bearings. In particular, curve-fit expressions for mobility components, end-leakage factor, and positive film pressure extent are provided in support of previously published graphical representations of the data.
Preshaping Command Functions to Control the Dynamic Impacts in MEMS
Authors: Somà Aurelio , De Pasquale Giorgio
Published: October 2015

The control of electrostatically actuated microsystems with open-loop strategies has the potential to reduce the switching time with immediate benefits on device performances and, on the other hand, to reduce the impact velocity between electrodes with benefits on the device lifetime and reliability. By applying to micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) the controlled methods already validated on machines, it was demonstrated that the accuracy of the control is scalable with the dimensions. Residual vibrations of microstructures in the nanometer range are almost completely suppressed: they are reduced to 6% of the uncontrolled vibration amplitude. The reasons for implementing this kind of control are related to reliability enhancement, by reducing the impact velocity, and for the improvement of device dynamic performances. The robustness of the control method against errors in dynamic parameters evaluation was also demonstrated.
Systematic evaluation of photodetector performance for plastic scintillation dosimetry
Authors: Boivin Jonathan , Beddar Sam , Guillemette Maxime , Beaulieu Luc
Published: October 2015

Purpose:

The authors’ objective was to systematically assess the performance of seven photodetectors used in plastic scintillation dosimetry. The authors also propose some guidelines for selecting an appropriate detector for a specific application.

Methods:

The plastic scintillation detector (PSD) consisted of a 1‐mm diameter, 10‐mm long plastic scintillation fiber (BCF‐60), which was optically coupled to a clear 10‐m long optical fiber of the same diameter. A light‐tight plastic sheath covered both fibers and the scintillator end was sealed. The clear fiber end was connected to one of the following photodetectors: two polychromatic cameras (one with an optical lens and one with a fiber optic taper replacing the lens), a monochromatic camera with an optical lens, a PIN photodiode, an avalanche photodiode (APD), or a photomultiplier tube (PMT). A commercially available W1 PSD was also included in the study, but it relied on its own fiber and scintillator. Each PSD was exposed to both low‐energy beams (120, 180, and 220 kVp) from an orthovoltage unit and high‐energy beams (6 and 23 MV) from a linear accelerator. Various dose rates were tested to identify the operating range and accuracy of each photodetector.

Results:

For all photodetectors, the relative uncertainty was less than 5% for dose rates higher than 3 mGy/s. The cameras allowed multiple probes to be used simultaneously, but they are less sensitive to low‐light signals. The PIN, APD, and PMT had higher sensitivity, making them more suitable for low dose rate and out‐of‐field dose monitoring. The relative uncertainty of the PMT was less than 1% at the lowest dose rate achieved (0.10 mGy/s), suggesting that it was optimal for use in live dosimetry.

Conclusions:

For dose rates higher than 3 mGy/s, the PIN diode is the most effective photodetector in terms of performance/cost ratio. For lower dose rates, such as those seen in interventional radiology or high‐gradient radiotherapy, PMTs are the optimal choice.
Semiautomatic segmentation of liver metastases on volumetric CT images
Authors: Yan Jiayong , Schwartz Lawrence H. , Zhao Binsheng
Published: October 2015

Purpose:

Accurate segmentation and quantification of liver metastases on CT images are critical to surgery/radiation treatment planning and therapy response assessment. To date, there are no reliable methods to perform such segmentation automatically. In this work, the authors present a method for semiautomatic delineation of liver metastases on contrast‐enhanced volumetric CT images.

Methods:

The first step is to manually place a seed region‐of‐interest (ROI) in the lesion on an image. This ROI will (1) serve as an internal marker and (2) assist in automatically identifying an external marker. With these two markers, lesion contour on the image can be accurately delineated using traditional watershed transformation. Density information will then be extracted from the segmented 2D lesion and help determine the 3D connected object that is a candidate of the lesion volume. The authors have developed a robust strategy to automatically determine internal and external markers for marker‐controlled watershed segmentation. By manually placing a seed region‐of‐interest in the lesion to be delineated on a reference image, the method can automatically determine dual threshold values to approximately separate the lesion from its surrounding structures and refine the thresholds from the segmented lesion for the accurate segmentation of the lesion volume. This method was applied to 69 liver metastases (1.1–10.3 cm in diameter) from a total of 15 patients. An independent radiologist manually delineated all lesions and the resultant lesion volumes served as the “gold standard” for validation of the method's accuracy.

Results:

The algorithm received a median overlap, overestimation ratio, and underestimation ratio of 82.3%, 6.0%, and 11.5%, respectively, and a median average boundary distance of 1.2 mm.

Conclusions:

Preliminary results have shown that volumes of liver metastases on contrast‐enhanced CT images can be accurately estimated by a semiautomatic segmentation method.
Radiotherapy for stage I seminoma of the testis: Organ equivalent dose to partially in‐field structures and second cancer risk estimates on the basis of a mechanistic, bell‐shaped, and plateau model
Authors: Mazonakis Michalis , Varveris Charalambos , Lyraraki Efrossyni , Damilakis John
Published: October 2015

Purpose:

The aim of the current study was to (a) calculate the organ equivalent dose (OED) and (b) estimate the associated second cancer risk to partially in‐field critical structures from adjuvant radiotherapy for stage I seminoma of the testis on the basis of three different nonlinear risk models.

Methods:

Three‐dimensional plans were created for twelve patients who underwent a treatment planning computed tomography of the abdomen. The plans for irradiation of seminoma consisted of para‐aortic anteroposterior and posteroanterior fields giving 20 Gy to the target site with 6 MV photons. The OED of stomach, colon, liver, pancreas, and kidneys, that were partially included in the treatment volume, was calculated using differential dose–volume histograms. The mechanistic, bell‐shaped, and plateau models were employed for these calculations provided that organ‐specific parameters were available for the subsequent assessment of the excess absolute risk (EAR) for second cancer development. The estimated organ‐specific lifetime risks were compared with the respective nominal intrinsic probabilities for cancer induction.

Results:

The mean OED, which was calculated from the patients’ treatment plans, varied from 0.54 to 6.61 Gy by the partially in‐field organ of interest and the model used for dosimetric calculations. The difference between the OED of liver derived from the mechanistic model with those from the bell‐shaped and plateau models was less than 1.8%. An even smaller deviation of 1.0% was observed for colon. For the rest organs of interest, the differences between the OED values obtained by the examined models varied from 8.6% to 50.0%. The EAR for stomach, colon, liver, pancreas, and kidney cancer induction at an age of 70 yr because of treatment of a typical 39‐yr‐old individual was up to 4.24, 11.39, 0.91, 3.04, and 0.14 per 10 000 persons‐yr, respectively. Patient's irradiation was found to elevate the lifetime intrinsic risks by 8.3%–63.0% depending upon the organ of interest and the model employed for risk analysis.

Conclusions:

Radiotherapy for stage I seminoma of the testis may result in an excess risk for the appearance of secondary malignancies in partially in‐field organs. The organ‐ and model‐dependent second cancer risk assessments of this study may be of value for patient counseling and follow‐up.
Changes in Passive Tension of the Hamstring Muscles During a Simulated Soccer Match
Authors: Marshall Paul W.M. , Lovell Ric , Siegler Jason C.
Published: October 2015

Purpose:

Passive muscle tension is increased after damaging eccentric exercise. Hamstring-strain injury is associated with damaging eccentric muscle actions, but no research has examined changes in hamstring passive muscle tension throughout a simulated sport activity. The authors measured hamstring passive tension throughout a 90-min simulated soccer match (SAFT90), including the warm-up period and every 15 min throughout the 90-min simulation.

Methods:

Passive hamstring tension of 15 amateur male soccer players was measured using the instrumented straight-leg-raise test. Absolute torque (Nm) and slope (Nm/°) of the recorded torque-angular position curve were used for data analysis, in addition to total leg range of motion (ROM). Players performed a 15-min prematch warm-up, then performed the SAFT90 including a 15-min halftime rest period.

Results:

Reductions in passive stiffness of 20–50° of passive hip flexion of 22.1−29.2% (P < .05) were observed after the warm-up period. During the SAFT90, passive tension increased in the latter 20% of the range of motion of 10.1−10.9% (P < .05) concomitant to a 4.5% increase in total hamstring ROM (P = .0009).

Conclusions:

The findings of this study imply that hamstring passive tension is reduced after an active warm-up that includes dynamic stretching but does not increase in a pattern suggestive of eccentric induced muscle damage during soccer-specific intermittent exercise. Hamstring ROM and passive tension increases are best explained by improved stretch tolerance.
Draft Genome Sequences of Mycobacterium bovis BZ 31150 and Mycobacterium bovis B2 7505, Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Archived Captive Animal Bronchial Washes and Human Sputum Samples in Uganda
Authors: Wanzala Sylvia I. , Nakavuma Jesca , Travis Dominic A. , Kia Praiscillia , Ogwang Sam , Sreevatsan Srinand
Published: October 2015

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB), a zoonotic infection of cattle caused by
Mycobacterium bovis
, results in losses of $3 billion to the global agricultural industry and represents the fourth most important livestock disease worldwide.
M. bovis
as a source of human infection is likely underreported due to the culture medium conditions used to isolate the organism from sputum or other sample sources. We report here the draft genome sequences of
M. bovis
BZ 31150, isolated from a bronchial washing from a captive chimpanzee, and
M. bovis
B2 7505, isolated from a human sputum sample in Uganda.
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus johnsonii Strain 16, Isolated from Mice
Authors: Buhnik-Rosenblau Keren , Danin-Poleg Yael , Elgavish Sharona , Kashi Yechezkel
Published: October 2015

Here, we report the genome sequence of
Lactobacillus johnsonii
, a member of the gut lactobacilli. This draft genome of
L. johnsonii
strain 16 isolated from C57BL/6J mice enables the identification of bacterial genes responsible for host-specific gut persistence.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Acetogenic Bacterium Moorella thermoacetica DSM 2955
T
Authors: Bengelsdorf Frank R. , Poehlein Anja , Esser Carola , Schiel-Bengelsdorf Bettina , Daniel Rolf , Dürre Peter
Published: October 2015

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Moorella thermoacetica
DSM 2955
T
, an acetogenic bacterium, which uses the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway for reduction of H
2
+ CO
2
or CO. The genome consists of a single circular chromosome (2.62 Mb).
Draft Genome Sequence of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, Isolated from the Bloody Stool Sample of a Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: Hayashimoto Nobuhito , Morita Hanako , Inoue Takashi , Yasuda Masahiko , Yamamoto Masafumi , Itoh Toshio
Published: October 2015

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Escherichia coli
strain R811. This bacterium was isolated from the bloody stool sample of a common marmoset, and was categorized as enteropathogenic
E. coli
because it possessed
eae
.
Draft Genome Sequence of Xanthomonas translucens pv. graminis Pathotype Strain CFBP 2053
Authors: Pesce Céline , Bolot Stéphanie , Berthelot Edwige , Bragard Claude , Cunnac Sébastien , Fischer-Le Saux Marion , Portier Perrine , Arlat Matthieu , Gagnevin Lionel , Jacques Marie-Agnès , Noël Laurent D. , Carrère Sébastien , Koebnik Ralf
Published: October 2015

Strains of
Xanthomonas translucens
pv. graminis cause bacterial wilt on several forage grasses. A draft genome sequence of pathotype strain CFBP 2053 was generated to facilitate the discovery of new pathogenicity factors and to develop diagnostic tools for the species
X. translucens
.
Draft Genome Sequences of Two Lipopeptide-Producing Strains of Bacillus methylotrophicus
Authors: Jeukens Julie , Kukavica-Ibrulj Irena , Freschi Luca , Jabaji Suha , Levesque Roger C.
Published: October 2015

Bacillus methylotrophicusis implicated in phytostimulation and disease suppression of agricultural and bioenergy crops. Here, we present the genome sequences ofB. methylotrophicusstrains B26 and OB9. Their assembly resulted in 26 and 24 contigs, respectively. These strains are well suited for comparative genomics studies and the evaluation of commercially valuable biomolecular compounds.
Draft Genome Sequence of Mizugakiibacter sediminis skMP5
T
Authors: Watanabe Tomohiro , Kojima Hisaya , Fukui Manabu
Published: October 2015

Strain skMP5
T
is a moderately thermophilic and facultatively anaerobic bacterium, described as a representative of
Mizugakiibacter sediminis
. Here, we report the annotated draft genome sequence of strain skMP5
T
.
Three floating metatarsals and a half-floating cuneiform
Authors: Madi Sandesh , Vijayan Sandeep , Naik Monappa , Rao Sharath
Published: October 2015

Floating metatarsals are rare and complex injury patterns in the world of foot trauma. The injury is typically characterised by concomitant dislocations of the metatarsals from both articular ends (‘bipolar dislocations’). Fascination arises from the fact that there have been only 15 cases reported in the English literature from 1964 to date. The first metatarsal has been more frequently reported than the lesser metatarsals. More than one floating metatarsal is also extremely uncommon. Inter-cuneiform diastasis is another rare entity seen in low velocity injuries and sports injuries; this condition is very difficult to diagnose clinically and radiologically. The occurrence of these two injury patterns in isolation is itself rare, making their combination even more unique.
A low-energy femoral shaft fracture from performing a yoga posture
Authors: Moriarity Andrew , Ellanti Prasad , Hogan Niall
Published: October 2015

The femoral shaft is rarely the site of a low-energy fracture in a healthy individual. The vast majority of these fractures are due to major trauma such as motor vehicle accidents. Although low-energy femoral shaft fractures do occur, they are typically in patients with osteoporotic bone, or prosthesis related. In this case report, we present a man in his late 30s who was practising a specific yoga stance when he experienced a femoral shaft fracture.
Labour and delivery interventions in women with intellectual and developmental disabilities: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Brown Hilary K , Kirkham Yolanda A , Cobigo Virginie , Lunsky Yona , Vigod Simone N
Published: October 2015

Background

Our objectives were to: (1) examine the occurrence of labour induction, caesarean section, and operative vaginal delivery in women with intellectual and developmental disabilities compared to those without and (2) determine whether pre-pregnancy health conditions and pregnancy complications explain any elevated occurrence of these interventions.

Methods

We conducted a population-based study using linked Ontario (Canada) administrative data. We identified deliveries to women with (N=3932) and without (N=382 774) intellectual and developmental disabilities (2002–2011). Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted relative risks (aRR) and 95% CIs for interventions, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. We used generalised estimating equations to determine whether pre-pregnancy health conditions and pregnancy complications explained any statistically significantly elevated aRRs.

Results

After controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, women with intellectual and developmental disabilities were more likely to have labour inductions (aRR, 1.13; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.20) and caesarean sections (aRR, 1.09; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.16) but not operative vaginal deliveries, compared to the referent group. Pre-pregnancy health conditions explained 12.9% of their elevated aRR for labour induction. Pre-pregnancy health conditions and maternal complications explained 27.8% and 13.3%, respectively, of their elevated aRR for caesarean section.

Conclusions

Women with intellectual and developmental disabilities are slightly more likely to have labour inductions and caesarean sections than women without intellectual and developmental disabilities. The elevated occurrence of these interventions is not fully explained by their pre-pregnancy health conditions or pregnancy complications. Non-medical issues should be evaluated for their influence on the timing of labour and delivery in this population.
Community structure detection based on the neighbor node degree information
Authors: Tang Li-Ying , Li Sheng-Nan , Lin Jian-Hong , Guo Qiang , Liu Jian-Guo
Published: October 2015

Community structure detection is of great significance for better understanding the network topology property. By taking into account the neighbor degree information of the topological network as the link weight, we present an improved Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) method for detecting community structure. The results for empirical networks show that the largest improved ratio of the Normalized Mutual Information value could reach [Formula: see text]. Meanwhile, for synthetic networks, the highest Normalized Mutual Information value could closely reach 1, which suggests that the improved method with the optimal [Formula: see text] can detect the community structure more accurately. This work is helpful for understanding the interplay between the link weight and the community structure detection.
A Wide Locking Range and Low Power Divide-by-2/3 LC Injection-Locked Frequency Divider
Authors: Gao Wanhang , Zhang Wei , Liu Yanyan
Published: October 2015

A direct divide-by-2/3 LC injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) is presented in this paper. The proposed ILFD circuit is based on a CMOS LC tank oscillator coupled with an injection NMOS transistor in series with an inductor. Together with body-biased technique and current-reused topology, the locking range of the ILFD is improved and the power consumption is reduced. The circuit is implemented in a 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m standard RF CMOS process. At the incident power of 0[Formula: see text]dBm, the measured locking range of the divide-by-2 and divide-by-3 modes are from 5.37[Formula: see text]GHz to 7.68 (8.07[Formula: see text]GHz to 11.4[Formula: see text]GHz) GHz, and the core circuit without buffers consumes 3[Formula: see text]mW at the supply voltage of 1.5[Formula: see text]V. The chip only occupies [Formula: see text] without the pads and the buffers.
Generic representations in L-packets
Authors: Mishra Manish
Published: October 2015

We give the details of the construction of a map to restate a conjecture of Gan, Gross and Prasad about adjoint group action on generic representations in [Formula: see text]-packets. We give an application of the construction to give another proof of the classification of the Knapp–Stein [Formula: see text]-group associated to a unitary unramified character of a torus. Finally, we prove the conjecture for unramified [Formula: see text]-packets.
On identities of an n-ary group
Authors: Gal’mak A. M.
Published: October 2015

Known and new results on identities of an [Formula: see text]-ary group are studied in this paper.
Maximum incomplete recursive circulants in graph embeddings
Authors: Sundara Rajan R. , Rajasingh Indra , Manuel Paul , Miller Mirka , Rajalaxmi T. M.
Published: October 2015

An incomplete recursive circulant possesses virtually every advantage of a complete recursive circulant, including simple deadlock-free routing, a small diameter, a good support of parallel algorithms, and so on. It is natural to reconfigure a faulty recursive circulant into a maximum incomplete recursive circulant so as to lower potential performance degradation. For [Formula: see text], the maximum incomplete subgraph problem is to identify a subgraph [Formula: see text] of a graph [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] vertices having the maximum number of edges among all subgraphs on [Formula: see text] vertices and is NP-complete. In this paper we identify maximum incomplete recursive circulants and use them as a tool to compute the exact wirelength of embedding recursive circulants into special classes of trees, such as [Formula: see text]-rooted complete binary trees, [Formula: see text]-rooted sibling trees, binomial trees, certain caterpillars and path.
Experimental Evaluation of Evaporative Cooler Using Agro Materials
Authors: Ramkumar R. , Kesavan M. , Ragupathy A.
Published: October 2015

The purpose of the study is to investigate the direct evaporate cooler in hot and humid regions with two different types of agro-based materials. In our experimental study, the locally available agro materials luffa (Sponge Gourd), zizanioides (Vetiver) were used with various thickness and the experimental results were compared with mathematical values. The operating parameters of pad thickness, air velocity, were changed and the performance of the cooler was analyzed. A test rig was designed and fabricated to collect experimental data. The performance of the evaporative cooler was evaluated based on the ambient condition. The analysis of the data indicated that cooling saturation efficiency improve with decrease of air velocity and higher pad thickness. It was shown that zizanioides-based pad with 160[Formula: see text]mm thickness has the higher performance (88%) at 4.5[Formula: see text]m/s air velocity in comparison with luffa pad materials. The experimental results of outlet air temperature and number of transfer units (NTU) were compared with mathematical model. The test results were within the limit of 15% and 10% to mathematical values.
WikiKreator
Authors: Banerjee Siddhartha , Mitra Prasenjit
Published: October 2015

This article describes ongoing dissertation work on the automatic generation of Wikipedia articles. The goal of this work is to build an AI system to automatically summarize existing web content and utilize the resulting text to improve incomplete Wikipedia articles.
Nutrients Impact the Pathogenesis and Development of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Du Wan , Fang Jing-Yuan
Published: October 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer is a commonly diagnosed cancer and the cause of many cancer deaths worldwide. Nutrients might be crucial in the pathogenesis and development of colorectal cancer. Although a number of studies have demonstrated the potential effects of nutrients, many challenges still remain. Summary: A tremendous amount of research has emerged concerning the roles of nutrients in colorectal cancer during the past decades. Here, we review the latest research progress on nutrients, including vitamins, folic acid, calcium, selenium and dietary fiber, involved in colorectal cancer prevention. Key Message: Nutrients are commonly consumed in foods or dietary supplements. It is clear that nutrients could play an important role and influence colorectal cancer outcomes. The relationship between nutrients and colorectal risk is complex. Vitamins, folic acid, calcium, selenium and dietary fiber have been proposed as potential agents to prevent colorectal cancer. However, some studies found that these nutrients did not reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer. Practical Implications: The supplementary dose of nutrients, the length of time required to observe the effects and confounding factors during the study might influence the role of nutrients in the prevention of colorectal cancer. Therefore, more evidence from ongoing clinical trials with different population groups and longer follow-up periods is critical to determine the relationship between nutrients and colorectal cancer.
Dialogismo e tensividade
Authors: Mendes Conrado Moreira
Published: October 2015

Neste artigo, articula-se a noção de dialogismo, advinda das teorias do Círculo de Bakhtin, com o conceito de tensividade, desenvolvido no âmbito da semiótica de vertente tensiva. Propõe-se que, em se tratando do fait divers, relações dialógicas, que constituem qualquer dizer, sobredeterminam a expectativa, o querer-saber, do enunciatário desse gênero do discurso, tornando-a mais intensa, tônica. Para verificar tal
proposta, apresenta-se um diálogo do relato sobre o Caso Isabella Nardoni, televisionado pelo Jornal Nacional, da TV Globo, com dois contos dos Irmãos Grimm (2012) e com a tipologia do romance policial, prevista por Todorov (2006). Pelo que se pode demonstrar por meio das análises realizadas, relações dialógicas – do âmbito do interdiscurso – repercutem no intradiscurso em termos de tensividade, isto é, de gradientes de intensidade e extensidade.
O estilo dos gêneros digitais
Authors: Pereira Daniervelin Renata Marques
Published: October 2015

Este texto tem como ponto de partida a análise de chats e fóruns de dois cursos online sob o viés da teoria semiótica francesa aliada à teoria dos gêneros de Bakhtin. Nosso objetivo é compreender os mecanismos de produção de sentido nessas práticas, na medida em que elas se vinculam a ajustamentos sensíveis e “contagiam” a estrutura dos gêneros como totalidade. Aqui, trataremos das regularidades e sensibilidades que constituem as práticas digitais, as quais, atreladas aos gêneros, neles se manifestam como sistema de regras
passíveis de inovações em uso. Para isso, partimos de algumas características dos gêneros chat e fórum da esfera educacional visando ao conjunto de gêneros digitais dentro de uma teoria geral dos gêneros. Das análises feitas, depreendem-se recorrências que apontam para o estilo do gênero chat e para o estilo do gênero fórum, que permitem, em consequência, a identificação de características mais gerais que remetem ao estilo do gênero digital da esfera educativa. Deste estudo emergem então questões ainda pouco exploradas, como: o estilo dos gêneros digitais e categorias para sua depreensão; modos de ensino e de aprendizagem acolhidos pela
prática educativa digital; formas de vida pedagógico-digital e procedimentos de ajustamento desenvolvidos pelos
sujeitos, entre outras, condizentes com nossos objetivos.
Modos de enunciação da cidade de São Paulo na mídia impressa
Authors: Silva Simone Bueno da
Published: October 2015

O artigo propõe discutir, a luz dos estudos da Sociossemiótica francesa, os modos de enunciação da cidade de São Paulo na mídia impressa de grande circulação e os processos de midiatização. Para tanto, toma como objeto de análise importantes periódicos temáticos que se ocupam de falar da capital, destacando as revistas Veja São Paulo e Época São Paulo, além dos cadernos diários Metrópole, publicado no jornal O Estado de S. Paulo e Cotidiano da Folha de S. Paulo. Parte da análise de algumas constantes nos modos de enunciação
da cidade a partir de modalidades discursivas que circulam nessas publicações como formas invariantes, considerando os distintos enunciadores bem como as instâncias enunciativas, inscritas em uma enunciação coletiva. A análise dos diferentes procedimentos discursivos fundados no uso de determinados operadores linguísticos nos enunciados postos mostra a construção de diferentes procedimentos de midiatização, permitindo a formulação de categorizações relacionadas a diferentes modos de informar sobre a metrópole e assim enunciar a cidade. Organizadas sob os eixos da objetivação e subjetivação, pautados ora por maior aproximação ora maior
distanciamento essas categorizações podem ser relacionadas a diferentes regimes de interação e de sentido os quais participam na estruturação de uma imagem de cidade permitindo um aprofundamento nas relações de midiatização na construção do sentido em ambientes midiáticos tomados como instâncias de sociabilidade.
Elementos de passionalização no RAP
Authors: Segreto Marcelo
Published: October 2015

Este artigo estuda os procedimentos de compatibilização entre melodia e letra definidos por Luiz Tatit, em especial a passionalização presente na canção do gênero rap. Os elementos passionais podem ser observados na entoação do cantor, em trechos instrumentais ou vocais e em samples utilizados pelos DJ‘s (como, por exemplo, nas apropriações de músicas de autores que fazem parte da história da black music). Esta é uma perspectiva pouco usual para o estudo deste gênero de canção, mais ligado ao procedimento da figurativização e
ao recurso musical da tematização (pela presença marcante do ritmo). Contudo, ao examinarmos mesmo que superficialmente obras dos principais rappers brasileiros, podemos notar a presença constante de elementos passionalizantes que fazem atenuar a remissão à fala. Passionalização advinda do conteúdo disjuntivo de grande parte das letras, bem como por sua inserção dentro de uma tradição da musica negra norte-americana em que as canções passionais são muito frequentes.
Um olhar tensivo sobre o semissimbolismo em “O Senhor dos Anéis”
Authors: Mancini Renata Ciampone , Calil Lucas
Published: October 2015

Este artigo analisa uma cena do último filme da saga, O Retorno do Rei, de 2003, da série O Senhor dos Anéis, adaptada para o cinema por Peter Jackson – em filmes de 2001, 2002 e 2003 – da obra literária de J. R. R. Tolkien. A série retrata o confronto entre as forças do bem e as forças do mal, controladas pelo vilão Sauron, que busca dominar a Terra-média com o Um Anel, o anel do poder. Com o objetivo de emular, visualmente e com coerência, o folclórico universo criado por Tolkien, Jackson lança mão de recursos estéticos canônicos, cristalizados, e relaciona os lados opostos na batalha pela Terra-média com a claridade e a escuridão. Enquanto Gandalf, o sábio mago do bem, é associado ao branco e usa a luz como arma, os espectros do mal (os nazgul) se protegem nas sombras e são retratados em preto. A análise do resgate dos cavaleiros de Gondor – e a progressiva ascensão da claridade como predominante na cena, conforme Gandalf se aproxima do objetivo – rediscute, com base em conceitos da semiótica tensiva e do conceito de formas de vida, a relação semissimbólica entre o claro e o escuro como recursos do plano de expressão associados ao bem e ao mal.
Poesia, imagem, sentido: tensões e intenções no espetáculo “Crianceiras”
Authors: Martins Geraldo Vicente , Batistote Maria Luceli Faria
Published: October 2015

Ao se constituir como projeto científico, a semiótica assume a imperfectividade como marca de seu fazer e, ao mesmo tempo, reitera uma necessidade teórica de estar aberta à contemplação dos novos objetos discursivos colocados em seu caminho. Nesse particular, com o desenvolvimento das tecnologias de informação registrado nos últimos anos, merece destaque a entrada em cena das mídias eletrônicas, as quais, para além das singularidades que as marcam, permitem a retomada de outros textos para acrescentar-lhes novos sentidos, sejam esses complementares ou não, a partir da conjunção de linguagens efetivadas. Considerando tais pontos, este trabalho propõe-se a analisar, da perspectiva tensiva, como os sentidos são construídos no vídeo “O menino e o rio”, extraído do espetáculo “Crianceiras”, no qual o cantor e compositor Márcio de Camillo revê a poesia de Manoel de Barros.
Tensão e relaxamento no vídeo “The space between the teeth”, de Bill Viola
Authors: Sanoki Ricardo Akira
Published: October 2015

O trabalho de videoart de Bill Viola explora as relações entre a imagem eletrônica e o mundo físico. A obra The space between the teeth é um vídeotape de nove minutos de duração, colorido, com som, produzido em 1976, e faz parte de uma série de quatro vídeos chamada “Four Songs”, onde o artista mostra a relação de seu trabalho com as estruturas musicais e poéticas do Romantismo. A semiótica tensiva, proposta por Claude Zilberberg e Jacques Fontanille, permite melhor análise nas relações semissimbólicas, correlacionando o fluxo da expressão com o conteúdo. Ao analisarmos este vídeo utilizaremos da semiótica tensiva principalmente os conceitos de tensão x relaxamento e os esquemas tensivos descritos no livro Semiótica do Discurso (Fontanille, 2007) para descrever o direcionamento do fluxo de atenção.
Surpresas e riquezas de Entretiens sémiotiques
Authors: Harkot-de-La-Taille Elizabeth
Published: October 2015

Resenha de: Biglari, Amir (éd.). Entretiens sémiotiques. Limoges: Lambert-Lucas, 2014. 510 páginas.
Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Incident Small Vessel Disease on Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Dearborn Jennifer L. , Schneider Andrea L.C. , Sharrett A. Richey , Mosley Thomas H. , Bezerra Daniel C. , Knopman David S. , Selvin Elizabeth , Jack Clifford R. , Coker Laura H. , Alonso Alvaro , Wagenknecht Lynne E. , Windham Beverly G. , Gottesman Rebecca F.
Published: October 2015

Background and Purpose—

The term metabolic syndrome describes the clustering of risk factors found in many individuals with obesity. Because of their pathophysiology, we hypothesized that 2 features of metabolic syndrome, central obesity and insulin resistance (IR), would be associated with cerebrovascular changes on magnetic resonance imaging, and specifically with incident lacunar disease and not white matter hyperintensity (WMH) progression.

Methods—

Risk factors were defined at study baseline in 934 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, who completed 2 brain magnetic resonance imagings ≈10 years apart. WMH progression and incident lacunes between the 2 magnetic resonance imagings were determined. An IR score for each participant was created using principal component analysis of 11 risk factors, including (among others): insulin, homeostatic model assessment-IR, body mass index, and waist circumference. Metabolic syndrome (presence/absence), using standard clinical definitions, and IR score at the first magnetic resonance imaging, were independent variables, evaluated in multivariate logistic regression to determine odds of WMH progression (Q5 versus Q1–Q4) and incident lacunes.

Results—

Metabolic syndrome (adjusted odds ratio, 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.28–3.05) and IR score (adjusted odds ratio per 1-SD increase, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.68) were associated with incident lacunes but not with WMH progression. Insulin, homeostatic model assessment-IR, and body mass index were not associated with incident lacunes or WMH progression in separate models.

Conclusions—

The IR score and central obesity are associated with incident lacunar disease but not WMH progression in individuals. Central obesity and IR may be important risk factors to target to prevent lacunar disease.
Early Loss of Immediate Reperfusion While Stent Retriever in Place Predicts Successful Final Reperfusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Okawa Masakazu , Tateshima Satoshi , Liebeskind David , Rao Neal , Jahan Reza , Gonzalez Nestor , Szeder Viktor , Ali Latisha , Kim Doojin , Saver Jeffrey , Duckwiler Gary
Published: October 2015

Background and Purpose—

Degree of stent retriever engagement with target thrombi may be reflected by (1) immediate reperfusion (IR) on first deployment, indicating displacement of clot toward the vessel wall, and (2) by early loss of IR (ELOIR), indicating penetration of retriever struts through the thrombus. The relation of these early findings to final reperfusion and clinical outcomes has not been well delineated.

Methods—

We investigated IR and ELOIR in patients undergoing stent retriever mechanical thrombectomy at an academic medical center between March 2012 and June 2014.

Results—

Among 56 patients, IR itself was not associated with final successful reperfusion, which occurred in 66.7% of IR patients and 71.4% of non-IR patients (
P
=0.999). However, ELOIR was associated with a higher rate of final successful reperfusion (92% versus 44%;
P
=0.046). Patients with ELOIR had a higher nominal rate of final favorable outcome (42% versus 22%;
P
=0.64).

Conclusions—

ELOIR during the embedding period after deployment of stent retrievers is associated with successful final reperfusion, likely because of greater thrombus engagement with the stent retriever. ELOIR may be a useful finding to guide duration of embedding time in clinical practice and design of novel stent retrievers.
A First Evaluation of ERA-20CM over China
Authors: Gao Lu , Bernhardt Matthias , Schulz Karsten , Chen Xingwei , Chen Ying , Liu Meibing
Published: October 2015

As an important global data resource, reanalysis is widely applied for climate impact studies of the past several decades. For the first time, monthly mean temperature and monthly total precipitation derived from the newest generation reanalysis product—the ECMWF twentieth-century reanalysis dataset (ERA-20CM)—is quantitatively evaluated based on probability density functions and 702 meteorological stations during the period of 1960–2009 across China. This study attempts to investigate how well each member ensemble prediction of ERA-20CM performs for different regions. Generally, all ensemble predictions in ERA-20CM are able to recreate the real conditions on a comparable level. More than 90% of the observed probability for temperature and more than 80% of the probabilities for precipitation could be captured by ERA-20CM over China. However, the performance changes significantly from region to region because of different topographical features and climate characteristics. The Tibetan Plateau is the most difficult to model for all member ensembles. The Jianhuai region is the area with the best performance for both temperature and precipitation. Although the best and worst ensembles for temperature and precipitation for each region were selected according to the skill scores, the differences among the 10-member ensemble predictions are negligible. This evaluation would be helpful for the potential users of reanalysis data, such as ERA-20CM for local climate impact assessments in China.