bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The authorized person as a subject of a criminal offense under Article 372 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine
Authors: Skrypnyk K.Yu.
Published: February 2024

The article, through a systematic interpretation of the legislation, defines a list of officials who belong to “persons authorized to do so by law”, in the sense of the subject of a criminal offense provided for in Article 372 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, who have the authority to report persons of suspicion, namely, an inquirer and a detective. The topicality of this research is due, first of all, to the lack of thorough research on the subjects of the attracting a deliberately innocent person to criminal responsibility, except for the investigator and the prosecutor, since for a long time in the national criminal procedural legislation only the investigator and the prosecutor had the appropriate authority to report a person of suspicion. After the introduction in our state of the institute of inquirers, as well as detectives in the science of criminal law, not enough attention was paid to these special subjects of a criminal offense specifically under Article 372 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, so the article consistently analyzes their status and authority. Have been considered similar and distinctive features in the procedural status of the investigator and inquirer. Have been determined that the criminal procedural legislation does not provide for the right of inquirers to be served with a written report of suspicion, which causes different understanding and implementation in practice of the procedure of attracting to criminal responsibility for committing criminal misdemeanors. The status of the detective as a new phenomenon for Ukrainian realities within such bodies as the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine and the Bureau of Economic Security of Ukraine was also researched. The set of powers of the detective has been singled out as a symbiosis of a person authorized to conduct both pre-trial investigation and operational search activities, and it also has been emphasized the possibility of attracting the detective to criminal liability under Article 372 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine when he was actually exercising the powers of an investigator. Based on the results of the research, the necessity of making changes to the provision of Article 372 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, namely the definition of the closed list of subjects of criminal offenses - “prosecutor, investigator, detective, inquirer” has been substantiated.
Characteristics of the subject of official forgery: based on the analysis of law enforcement practice
Authors: Stepaniuk M.
Published: February 2024

The article examines the views of various scholars on the definition of the subject of a criminal offense in general and the elements of forgery in particular. The author analyzes the report of the Prosecutor General’s Office of Ukraine for 2019-2022 on the commission of a criminal offense under Article 366 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The author examines, among other things, socio-demographic, socio­role, moral, psychological and criminal law features of the personality structure of a criminal committing forgery. An attempt is made to identify the main features inherent in the subject of this criminal offense. The main attention is paid to the construction of his criminological portrait and determination of the functional relevance of such information.

In the study of the characteristic features inherent in the subject of criminal forgery, an important place is given to the personality structure of the offender who commits this crime. This structure is a set of his/her socially significant qualities that have developed in the process of various interactions with other people. The analysis of the characteristic features of such a person also involves the maximum consideration of psychological characteristics and biologically determined qualities, which in turn determine human behavior, including criminal behavior. Therefore, it should be taken into account that these qualities have a significant impact on criminal behavior. Thus, the subject of forgery is characterized by a system of signs, properties, qualities that define him/her as a person who has committed a criminal offense.

The author provides a criminological and socio-psychological characterization of the subject of forgery, analyzes the demographic, moral and social characteristics of such a person, as well as his/ her anti-social criminal behavior, and provides a substantiation of the socio-psychological portrait of a criminal who commits a criminal offense under Article 366 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Such a person is also characterized by a certain system of moral and psychological beliefs, properties, attitudes, intellectual, emotional and volitional qualities. Given the above, the characterization of an official as part of this criminal offense has specific features that are determined by the peculiar official status of such a person and significantly distinguish it from the general characterization of the subject of the criminal offense.
The objective side of the composition of criminal offenses consisting in the forgery of documents
Authors: Yavorsky S.Y.
Published: February 2024

Analyzing the system of criminal offenses that encroach on the document circulation and whose content is document forgery, we discovered 22 independent compositions of the corresponding offenses. They are contained in different Sections of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and therefore have a different structure of the direct object of the offense, however, each of them, either as the main direct object or as an additional mandatory direct object, contains document circulation, since the essence of these criminal offenses is reduced to the point that as a result of their commission, in objective reality, an unauthentic, falsified document of a certain type appears. The analysis of the text of the Criminal Code of Ukraine made it possible to single out the specifics of the wording of the objective side of criminal offenses consisting of forgery of documents, and to conclude that despite the sufficiently broad terminological apparatus used by the legislator to define the act of forgery, issues with establishing the content of the used features remains more than the identified answers. The purpose of this article was to reveal the content of the signs of the objective side of the composition of criminal offenses, which consist in the forgery of documents, and to develop, on this basis, proposals for improving the normative provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

The conducted research made it possible to propose the following key positions. Pluralism in marking the act as a sign of the objective side of criminal offenses consisting of forgery of documents is a generally negative phenomenon and one that should be eliminated in the text of the current Criminal Code of Ukraine. With the small exception of specific types of forgery, the term “forgery” should be used as part of the relevant offenses. At the same time, the meaning of this concept should be understood as follows: forgery is a type (form) of deception, which consists in the complete or partial distortion of the content of a document, resulting in a document that does not accurately reflect reality. This understanding of forgery makes it possible to find additional arguments in favor of the statement that forgery of documents is also possible through inaction.
Rights of victims in criminal proceedings: challenges and state strategy for improving legal status
Authors: Akhtyrska N.M.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to issues of procedural regulation of the rights of victims in criminal proceedings. Based on the generalization of UN data on the increase in the number of victims of murder, statistical data of the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine and the Office of the Prosecutor General, the relevance of legislative initiatives to improve the provision and realization of victims’ rights is substantiated. The directions of state policy regarding ensuring the safety of victims, preventing and countering torture are revealed. It emphasized the “lack of remedies for victims of criminal offenses involving torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.” Recommendations are given to eliminate these gaps by creating, taking into account international standards and the practice of the European Court, an effective system of rehabilitation, legal protection of victims of criminal offenses related to torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, including introduction of an effective mechanism for compensation for damage caused to such persons.

In the conditions of martial law, Ukraine concentrates its efforts on protecting the rights of victims, which requires coordination with the Rules and Procedures of Evidence and Evidence of the International Criminal Court. The full-scale invasion of the aggressor country created new challenges in the field of protection of the rights of victims in criminal proceedings. In order to implement new tasks, a Strategic Plan for the implementation of the powers of the prosecutor’s office in the field of criminal prosecution of international crimes for 2023-2025 was developed, approved by the Prosecutor General on September 15, 2023.

Improving the system of ensuring the rights of participants in criminal proceedings in accordance with international standards will significantly reduce the number of victims of torture, observing reasonable deadlines for the investigation of criminal proceedings will contribute to increasing the trust of victims in law enforcement agencies, preventing delays in the consideration of criminal proceedings by the court will ensure adequate terms of satisfaction (execution of the court decision in part compensation for physical, moral and material damage). A significant number of victims of war crimes should be aware of their rights in accordance with the procedure of trial by the International Criminal Court, for which it is advisable to make appropriate additions to Chapter 19 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine.
The legal guarantees of legality in labor relations with a judge
Authors: Dashutin I.V.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to clarifying the essence of legal guarantees of legality in labor relations with a judge. With such guarantees, the author suggests understanding the institutions and provisions of the current legislation, the main functional focus of which is to ensure and/or create special conditions for the effective objectification of the rule of law. These special conditions assume the protection of the rights, legitimate interests, and freedoms of a judge; the protection of law and order in court (as in an organization) and in the course of the functioning of the court (as a state body), which becomes possible within the framework of the procedural (and non-procedural) work of a judge; the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of the judge, as well as their restoration in the case when they were violated; and the resumption of the actual operation of the regime of compliance with the requirements of legality in labor relations. As a result of the study, it has been demonstrated that the legal guarantees of legality in labor relations can be viewed as instruments of security, protection, and restoration of legality in labor relations; and systems of conditions that create and provide a legal reality that permits you to adhere to the requirements of legality in labor relations. The author refers to the main legal guarantees of legality in labor relations with a judge: the regulatory framework of legality; an integral system of principles of legality; the process of creating and maintaining the existence of a proper organizational regime in court, which fully covers the work of a judge; the activities of the subjects of ensuring the rule of law (rulemaking activities; legal explanation activities; control, and supervisory activities; and activities to restore the rule of law). The article concludes with a summary of the results of the study.
Specialized Prosecutor’s Office in the field of defense: legal status, role in the system of law enforcement agencies, functions and tasks under martial law
Authors: Zahorodniy Y.O.
Published: February 2024

The full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into the territory of Ukraine has directed the activities of state bodies towards defense and preservation of the integrity and sovereignty of the State. The main role in achieving this goal is played by the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other armed military formations, but due to the growth in the number of defense forces, the number of offenses has increased.

To combat such offenses, Ukraine established the Specialized Defense Prosecutor’s Office, the legal status, functions and role of which are not sufficiently studied in the scientific environment, since this body in its current form was established only in 2023.

The article, among other things, examines the retrospective of the formation and development of the military prosecutor’s office in Ukraine, and establishes the fact of continuous reform of the military prosecutor’s office, which over time has led to the leveling and devaluation of the role of military prosecutors in the law enforcement system of Ukraine. The article also substantiates the author’s opinion that the military justice system was unprepared to fulfill its tasks, especially in a full-scale war, and the civilian law enforcement system and civilian courts are not able to fully perform their functions, especially in the combat zone.

In the course of the work, the author emphasizes the need for a complete restoration of military justice and the difficulties of the work of the specialized prosecutor’s office in modern conditions.

In general, the article analyzes the issues of transformation of the military prosecution bodies in Ukraine as a component of the military justice system, examines the changes that have occurred in this structure since Ukraine gained independence, and identifies the problematic aspects and prospects for restoring an effective military justice system.

Based on the results of the article, the author analyzes the legal nature of the body and its formation in historical retrospect, which gave a clear understanding of the legal position of the Specialized Defense Prosecutor’s Office in the system of law enforcement agencies, identifies and studies the functions performed by the body, formulates a list of tasks for which this prosecutor’s office was established, and identifies the shortcomings which require improvement and legal regulation at the legislative level.
Regarding the issue of using digital information obtained during counterintelligence and investigative activities in criminal proceedings
Authors: Metelev O.P. , Kovalenko E.V.
Published: February 2024

In this article, based on the analysis of scientific publications, the norms of the current legislation, the authors investigate the actual problems of using digital information obtained during counterintelligence and investigative activities in the criminal process. The norms of legislation in the field of ensuring state security and the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding the possible use of digital information as evidence in court proceedings are analyzed. Scientific developments and international experience regarding the use of counterintelligence and investigative activity materials in digital form as evidence in criminal proceedings in the context of their admissibility are considered. The authors prove that the vast majority of digital information, which in the future may have evidentiary value, is obtained by conducting covert activities during the implementation of counterintelligence and investigative activities. Such digital information, according to the authors, can only serve as pretexts and grounds for starting a pre-trial investigation in criminal proceedings. The article notes that insufficient harmonization of criminal procedural legislation and legislation regulating counterintelligence and investigative activities negatively affects the effectiveness of operational units in performing their tasks. It is also noted that the further reform of the domestic law enforcement system should follow the example of leading Western countries and the USA, where the concept of “operational investigative activity” is absent at all. In most of the foreign democratic countries of the world, secret police investigation is a criminal procedural activity, which is overt and undercover procedural actions carried out under the direction of the prosecutor. The authors of the article conclude that in order to strengthen the counter-intelligence component in the activities of the Security Service of Ukraine and taking into account foreign experience in this area, it is necessary to create a separate, without reference to the requirements of the provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On Operational and Investigative Activities” and the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, a mechanism for organizing and carrying out activities related to the temporary restriction of human rights and freedoms.
Modern directions of forensic examination and criminalistic
Authors: Yaremchuk V.O.
Published: February 2024

In the conditions of war, investigators investigate hundreds of military criminal offenses. Foreign military assistance provided to Ukraine significantly improves and speeds up the investigation process.

Today, it is extremely necessary to invite foreign criminalistic and forensic experts to help domestic investigators, prosecutors, and forensic experts in disentangling military criminal offenses and conducting forensic examinations._Regarding the state of development, certain aspects of this topic were considered in the works of such scientists as H.K. Avdeeva, M.V. Kostenko, V. Yu. Shepitko and other scientists. The purpose of the article is to consider issues related to modern areas of forensic examination and forensic analysis in the conditions of the war in Ukraine._With the beginning of a full-scale war in Ukraine, law enforcement agencies were faced with the need to conduct hundreds of types of forensic examinations of objects that were subject to individual examinations in Ukraine until 2014.

Therefore, the help of foreign criminalistic, forensic medical experts during the investigation of military criminal offenses and conducting forensic examinations is important today. The burden on forensic experts has increased, related to conducting hundreds of DNA, weapons, etc. examinations. It is necessary to talk about the use of DNA laboratories. One of these was presented to the National Scientific Center of Forensic Examinations named after Honored Professor M.S. Bokarius in 2022. Thanks to it, forensic experts conducted hundreds of expert studies and identified the identities of the dead citizens. We should also use the innovative experience of our French colleagues, who created this DNA laboratory and have already provided two such laboratories for Ukrainian forensic experts. Another urgent problem is the interference of foreign campaigns in the activities of the domestic network of Stylnik communication. Large-scale cyberattacks on the Kyivstar network from the Russian side require investigators and prosecutors to use innovative developments in forensics and forensics. It is necessary for forensic experts to determine many circumstances and establish whether a cyber attack was carried out from the territory of the Russian Federation.
The Establishment of the Institute of the Advisory Bodies in the Judicial System of Ukraine: Historical Context
Authors: Borovska А.
Published: February 2024

This article examines the historical context of the creation and development of advisory bodies in the judiciary system of Ukraine. The article reveals the evolution of the structure and functions of these advisory bodies, from the Revolution of Dignity to the present day, and analyzes the political, legal, and socio-cultural factors that influenced their formation. The author also discusses the issue of public participation in the formation of the judiciary and public control.

The article is based on an analysis of Ukrainian legislation, scientific works, sociological research, and practical experience of the functioning of advisory and consultative bodies of the judiciary. It was described the role and importance of advisory bodies that were created to assist in the formation and implementation of judicial reform and their contribution to increasing the effectiveness of the judicial system and strengthening democracy in Ukraine. It was also revealed the main reasons for the emergence of the Temporary Special Commission as the first manifestation of public involvement in reforming the justice system and explains the creation, functions, and powers of the Public Integrity Council.

The article also explains that the Ethics Council was created as an auxiliary body in the formation of the High Council of Justice not only to align Ukraine’s direction towards joining the European Union but also due to the total disagreement of society with the existing procedure for the judiciary to exercise its powers.

In conclusion, civil activism was the main prerequisite for the emergence of advisory bodies in the judicial system, with the main function of providing “public control” over the formation of the judiciary through the provision of conclusions on the compliance of candidates for positions and judges with ethical norms, integrity, etc.

The article’s insights can be useful for further research in the field of judicial reform, and for involving civil society in the process of forming a fair, honest, and accessible judicial system.
Formation of the Concept of Supranational Parliamentarism in Modern International Law
Authors: Grebeniuk D.O.
Published: February 2024

This scientific article is devoted to the study of the process of formation of the concept of supranational parliamentarism in modern international law. The study covers the evolutionary path and the formation of the concept of supranational parliamentarism in the context of international relations, revealing its key aspects, significance and impact on the global system. Legal analysis of the historical roots and context of the formation of this concept helps to explore the role of international organizations and parliaments in promoting the formation of supranational parliamentarism. In particular, it focuses on various mechanisms and structures that promote cooperation and regulation of international relations through parliamentary bodies. The study also examines the functions and powers of legislative bodies that have signs of supranational parliamentarism. Comparing different models and mechanisms of parliamentarism at the international level, the study analyzes their effectiveness in solving international problems. The scientific work highlights the challenges and prospects of the concept of supranational parliamentarism, pointing to possible ways of its further development and improvement to ensure the effective participation of national parliaments in the formation of the world order. The idea of becoming a concept of supranational parliamentarism can raise questions about sovereignty, since aspects such as supranationalism and sovereignty can conflict or complement each other. Sovereignty is traditionally defined as the power of a state over its own territory and people, which means that a country has the right to establish its own internal laws, make decisions and act independently without the intervention of external actors. The proposed concept, on the contrary, involves the formation or development of supranational structures that can have their own parliaments or representative bodies that make decisions at a level exceeding the national one. Consequently, the concept of supranational parliamentarism may challenge or rethink the traditional notion of state sovereignty in the context of its participation in supranational structures.
The significance of the implementation of the standards of the istanbul convention in the context of combating incidents of violence during the implementation of martial state in Ukraine
Authors: Hrychko V. , Kyrycuk B.
Published: February 2024

The article examines the controversial issues that arise during the implementation of the Istanbul Convention’s mandatory norms in the field of combating domestic violence. The author proves the necessity of active application of the main provisions of the Convention in the context of martial law and the state of emergency.

It is established that by ratifying in 2022 one of the most important international legal acts in the field of human rights protection - the Istanbul Convention - Ukraine, as a signatory State, has undertaken to ensure the proper functioning of the principle of gender equality of women and men in all spheres of social life of a Ukrainian.

The author analyzes statistical data on registered cases of domestic violence and finds that the number of criminal offenses is increasing every year, despite the introduction of preventive measures in the field of domestic violence by law enforcement agencies of Ukraine. Another concern is the fact that almost a third of those convicted of domestic violence are released from punishment, as courts close criminal proceedings against them.

The ratification of the Istanbul Convention makes it clear that violence against women and children can no longer be viewed as a personal issue. This problem becomes especially urgent during the period of martial law and the state of emergency, as evidenced by the repeated cases of violence committed by the Russian military against the civilian population of Ukraine. At the same time, as practice shows, not all representatives of Ukrainian society unequivocally support the idea of ratifying the Istanbul Convention during martial law, arguing that Ukraine’s gender policy should be improved after the end of the armed conflict. The author establishes that the issue of implementing the provisions of the Istanbul Convention, despite its ratification, remains complicated due to the prevalence of established moral beliefs of Ukrainians. It is proved that the application of the Convention’s provisions in practice will confirm Ukraine’s European integration views and significantly increase its credibility in the eyes of the international community.
The police and the armed forces of Ukraine in the party of victory: problematic issues of today
Authors: Zhbanchyk A.V.
Published: February 2024

This article examines the current aspects of partnership between the police and the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) with the aim of achieving common victories. The author analyzes contemporary challenges faced by both institutions in the process of collaboration and joint work. Specifically, the article highlights issues of coordination, information exchange, and resource sharing between the police and AFU.

The author emphasizes the importance of effective collaboration between these two institutions in the context of modern geopolitical instability and terrorism threats. Additionally, the article provides recommendations for enhancing the partnership between the police and AFU to optimize their efforts in ensuring security and addressing contemporary challenges. The overall context of the article is focused on uncovering problems and potential ways to improve the interaction between the police and AFU to provide an effective response to modern security challenges and achieve common strategic goals.

One of the key aspects discussed in the article is the coordination of actions between the police and AFU. The author analyzes the interaction of both structures, paying attention to potential difficulties and challenges that arise in the process of joint activities. Special emphasis is placed on the exchange of information and resources between these two crucial institutions.

Furthermore, the article highlights contemporary geopolitical and security challenges faced by the police and AFU, examining their joint role in ensuring the country’s security. The author also delves into issues such as terrorism and other threats to national security, discussing how cooperation between the police and AFU can be optimized for effective counteraction to these threats.

Based on the conducted analysis, the article proposes specific recommendations and strategies for improving the partnership between the police and AFU to enhance the efficiency of their collaborative activities. The conclusions of the article are geared towards practical application and can serve as a foundation for developing optimal strategies in the conditions of the modern security environment.
Gender Equality in Wartime: How War Changed the Role of Women in Society
Authors: Tinin D.G.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the current state and promising ways of ensuring gender equality in the defense and security forces of Ukraine. The aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, the resulting violation of territorial integrity, sovereignty, encroachment on Ukraine’s independence, brought to the fore the issue of overcoming gender stereotypes, establishing equality, and combating gender-based and sexual violence both in Ukraine and around the world. In these conditions, first of all, the state policy regarding the development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine was revised. This article focuses on the issues of military service from the point of view of equal rights, opportunities and equal value of the results of the activities of men and women. “Stereotyping” of their roles in resolving armed conflicts is one of the reasons for gender inequality within the security and defense sector of Ukraine. The author analyzed the number of armed forces of some foreign countries for genetic equality. Some countries already have female (or predominantly female) units, however, regular armies rarely involve them in direct combat. It is concluded that women play a significant role in the modern Ukrainian army, and recent events, in particular Russian aggression against Ukraine, continue to create instability in the world. And in such difficult conditions, our state, most likely, will have to exist for quite a long time. Therefore, it would be possible to significantly strengthen the defense capability of the country by attracting women to mandatory military service. The article also draws attention to the fact that in modern conditions there is a steady trend towards a significant increase in the number of women, the geography of the positions held by female servicemen is expanding significantly, but in order to ensure gender equality in the Armed Forces, the legislator must still improve the mechanism for taking into account the characteristics of social gender under time of military service. Moreover, the understanding of gender equality in the military should become established - not as a mechanical identification of men and women, but as taking into account the specifics of the capabilities of one or another social gender to effectively perform their official duties in certain positions with the most positive result.
Dysfunctional family as a determinant of mercenary and forcible crimes of minors and young people
Authors: Kulik L.M.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of criminological determination of mercenary and forcible crimes of minors and youth. The author defines dysfunctional family as one of the main determinants of mercenary and forcible crimes among minors and youth.

The article characterizes the influence of adversity in the family, defects of family upbringing on the formation of a young personality.

The author analyzes modern criminological concepts regarding family problems as determinants of juvenile and youth crime and notes that the aggravation of problems of family dysfunction against the general background of poverty and constant need, moral and social degradation that occurs in families, lead to extremely negative consequences.

It is a well-known fact that the intensity of crime is particularly high among minors and young people from disadvantaged families. Basically, drunkenness, drug addiction, and prostitution thrive in these families, there are no moral foundations, elementary culture. All this affects the formation of the character of the individual, because the influence of the family, upbringing is of decisive importance.

Negative socio-economic and political processes significantly weakened the importance of the family institution as a social institution that protected children and youth. The majority of juvenile criminals were brought up in dysfunctional, single-parent families with a critical financial situation, and were witnesses of scandals and fights.

Parents who lead an immoral lifestyle, are indifferent to the interests of the child, are unable to provide the proper conditions for the normal psychophysical development of the child, and the deterioration of the financial situation of families leads to the inaccessibility due to the increase in the prices of using the benefits of civilization and, combined with discomfort in the family, provokes minors spending more and more time outside.

The article provides a criminological description of the modern aspects of family dysfunction, which are associated with military actions and the temporary occupation of large territories, and also complements the classification of dysfunctional families, which is developed today by criminological science.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TENTANG PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN KESALAHAN DIAGNOSIS DOKTER PADA PELAYANAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Batista Gabriel Tito
Published: February 2024

Pasien yang menerima pelayanan kesehatan dari dokter harus dilindungi. Dokter memiliki kewenangan untuk melakukan tindakan medis yang salah satunya adalah diagnosa. Kesalahan dalam melakukan diagnosa dapat menyebabkan ketidaktepatan tindakan medis, sehingga merugikan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketentuan hukum tentang diagnosis dokter dalam pelayanan kesehatan dan untuk mengetahui tanggungjawab hukum dokter jika terjadi kesalahan diagnosis dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Metode penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif yaitu dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ketentuan hukum tentang diagnosis dokter dalam pelayanan kesehatan diatur dalam UUD 1945, Undang-Undang No. 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan, dan Undang-Undang No. 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran, Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 2052 Tahun 2011 tentang Izin Praktik Dan Pelaksanaan Praktik Kedokteran, Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 1438 Tahun 2010 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kedokteran, Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Panduan Praktik Klinis Bagi Dokter di Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer, dan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 290 Tahun 2008 tentang Persetujuan Tindakan Kedokteran. Hasil penelitian lainnya menunjukan bahwa pertanggungjawaban dokter jika melakukan kesalahan diagnosa yaitu pertanggungjawaban secara pidana, perdata, dan administrasi.
PERTIMBANGAN LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN KEDUNGPANE DALAM PEMBERIAN HAK PEMBEBASAN BERSYARAT BAGI NARAPIDANA KORUPSI
Authors: Li Maria Anastasia Mi
Published: February 2024

Pemberian pembebasan bersyarat terhadap narapidana tindak pidana korupsi merupakan hak setiap narapidana, akan tetapi hal tersebut mencederai amanah rakyat atas penegakan hukum di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui prosedur pelaksanaan pemberian pembebasan bersyarat oleh Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kedungpane Semarang kepada narapidana tindak pidana korupsi dan (2) untuk mengetahui hambatan yang ditemui petugas Lembaga Pemasyarakatan dalam pelaksanaan pemberian pembebasan bersyarat terhadap narapidana tindak pidana korupsi di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kedungpane Semarang.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi lapangan dengan wawancara dan juga dengan cara studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa (1) saat masih menggunakan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 1995, khusus narapidana tindak pidana korupsi dalam hal pengajuan pembebasan bersyarat perlu memperhatikan syarat yang harus dipenuhi, salah satunya adalah membayar uang denda atapun uang ganti kerugian. Undang-undang terbaru menetapkan persyaratan dalam pengajuan Hak Pembebasan Bersyarat oleh narapidana tindak pidana korupsi sudah sama seperti narapidana tindak pidana pada umumnya. (2) Hambatan yang ditemui oleh pihak Lembaga Pemasyarakatan dalam pemberian pembebasan bersyarat bagi narapidana tindak pidana korupsi, berasal dari narapidana itu sendiri dan juga berasal dari pihak Balai Pemasyarakatan yaitu kurangnya petugas.
Pablo Puchol, pintor poco conocido
Authors: Torres Pérez José María
Published: February 2024

Pablo Puchol Arquero, dibujante y pintor poco conocido; nace, vive y muere en Valladolid (1876-1919). Sus datos biográficos aquí se acrecientan y ofrecen documentados. Su pintura de retratos, paisajes, bodegones y religiosa, recuerda la manera de pintar de José Martí y Monsó y Luciano Sánchez Santarén sus profesores en la Escuela de Bellas Artes de Valladolid.

En la serie de San Agustín que pinta en el convento de Agustinos Filipinos de Valladolid se mueve en la órbita del purismo nazareno, sin adscribirse rigurosamente a ese movimiento, tampoco al barroco de Murillo cuya obra conoce por las copias que hace de sus Inmaculadas en el Museo Nacional del Prado
Variedades discursivas en la novelística de Miguel Delibes (1920-2010). Un análisis de El disputado voto del señor Cayo (1978)
Authors: Seye Ibou
Published: February 2024

El presente artículo pretende analizar las variedades discursivas en la narrativa de Miguel Delibes, haciendo esencial hincapié en su novela El disputado voto del señor Cayo publicada en pleno periodo de propaganda electoral. Estas variedades se explican por la influencia del espacio sobre el comportamiento lingüístico de los personajes. Si, en el pueblo, el lenguaje es la expresión de la sabiduría y el pragmatismo; en la ciudad, permite dejar al desnudo el carácter violento y vacuo de los urbanitas, sobre todo los jóvenes. Se trata también de descifrar el discurso político que, más allá de seducir al electorado, resulta ser un perfecto medio para denigrar al adversario.
Jóvenes y consumo de información en redes sociales
Authors: Maldonado Pérez Patricia
Published: February 2024

El auge de las redes sociales ha dado lugar a una nueva generación de personas influyentes así como de ciudadanos/as que se han encontrado en la intersección del periodismo. El crecimiento en su actuación como periodistas plantea preocupaciones sobre la erosión de la profesión y los estándares noticiosos. Frente a esto, el presente estudio analiza la relevancia que para jóvenes de la generación Z tienen las figuras del influencer y el/la ciudadano/a que informa. La investigación se soporta en una encuesta cuantitativa aplicada sobre una muestra 913 estudiantes de preparatoria de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (Uaemex).
INTERNALISASI MODERASI BERAGAMA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI SMPN 8 SATAP TELAGA BIRU
Authors: Mohamad Sandra , Yahiji Kasim , Yasin Zohra , Arsyad Lukman
Published: February 2024

Abstrak: Penelitian ini menjelaskan Internalisasi Moderasi Beragama dalam Pengembangan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar di SMPN 8 Satap Telaga Biru. Jenis penelitian ini yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif menggunakan objek penelitian formal dan material. Adapaun teknik pengumpulan data mencari data yang akan digunakan untuk mengetahui suatu gambar tentang hal yang akan diteliti, dibahas atau dianalisis. Dan teknik pengolohan data yang digunakan mengolah sebuah data menjadi informasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan pembahasan peneliti menyimpulkan pelaksanaan moderasi beragama harus diterapkan di lingkungan pendidikan dalam pembentukan sikap moderat dalam beragama bagi peserta didik. Untuk itu perlunya pengembangan kurikulum PAI di sekolah yang mengajarkan moderasi Islam pendidikan pesantren untuk menghadirkan gerakan Islam moderat di kalangan peserta didik yang mengembangkan ajaran: (1) untuk membangun kerukunan (toleransi) di antara kelompok-kelompok yang berbeda, baik di luar Islam maupun di dalam Islam itu sendiri; (2) menebarkan perdamaian di lingkungan sosialnya; (3) mengedepankan dialog antar agama dan (4) menanamkan sikap keterbukaan dengan fihak luar dan 4) menolak ujaran kebencian (hoax) baik didalam dan luar sekolah.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK DALAM KITAB AL-ARBA’IN AL-NAWAWIYAH KARYA IMAM NAWAWI
Authors: B Muhammad Rusmin , Al Qifari Abudzar
Published: February 2024

This study discusses the values of moral education in the book al-Arba'in al-Nawawiyah by Imam Nawawi. This research was conducted with the objectives: (1) to determine the values of moral education contained in the Kitab al-Arba'in al-Nawawiyah, (2) to determine the concept of implementing the values of moral education in the Kitab al-Arba'in al-Nawawiyah. Nawawiyah. This library research research is carried out by collecting data or materials related to the theme of the discussion and the problem, which is taken from library sources, then analyzed by the method of content analysis, this analysis examines the values of moral education from the contents of the book al-Arba'in al-Nawawiyah. To support this research, the author uses the main data source, namely, the book of hadith al-Arba'in al-Nawawiyah by Imam Nawawi. Data were analyzed using content analysis. The results of the study show that the book al-Arba'in al-Nawawiyah contains the values of moral education, broadly divided into two parts, namely: morals to Allah Swt and morals to creatures. First, Morals towards Allah include: monotheism, piety, prayer, shame, and trustworthiness, second, Morals towards creatures include: morality towards fellow humans (saying good, being generous, holding back anger, maintaining honor, advice, brotherhood, helper, forgiving), morals towards oneself (maintaining cleanliness and beauty and asceticism), morals towards neighbors and guests, morals towards animals. Some of these educational values can be implemented in schools and in everyday life by using several methods including the mau'izah (advice) method, the uswatuh hasanah (exemplary) method, the ta'wid method (habituation) and the targhib and tarhib methods.
ENHANCING MATHEMATICS LITERACY IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS: THE KEY ROLE OF PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE (PCK) AMONG TEACHERS
Authors: Patimbangi Andi , Kasmah  , Hidayati Rahma
Published: February 2024

Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) is an ability that is very necessary to improve students' mathematical literacy skills. For this reason, this research describes in depth the ability of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) teachers and the relationship between these abilities in building mathematical literacy. This type of research used a mixed method through data collection techniques using triangulation, namely interviews, observation, and questionnaires. The research results show that Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) is still at level 1 in terms of the teaching knowledge component, student knowledge component, and content knowledge component. Besides that, the research results also found that Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) teachers have a relationship with students' mathematical literacy skills. The better the ability of the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) teacher the greater the potential for students to have good mathematical literacy skills. One of the learning models needed to improve students' literacy skills is a learning model that can accommodate differences in student characteristics including differences in intelligence.
ANALYSIS OF CONCEPT UNDERSTANDING IN THE PYTHAGORAS THEOREM AT STUDENTS SMPN 1 KOTABARU
Authors: Yuliana Rahmi , Novianty Evi , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: February 2024

The aims of this study were 1) to analyze the conceptual understanding of students in class VIII F in understanding the Pythagorean theorem and 2) to find out the factors that cause misconceptions in class VIII F students in solving problems regarding the Pythagorean theorem. The approach used in this research is qualitative research. The method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. There are 3 subjects in this research. Data was collected using research instruments in the form of learning achievement tests and interviews. The results of the study stated that students' conceptual understanding subject S1 had a high conceptual understanding even though S1 was less thorough in checking answers. Whereas the S3 subject was able to explain the description of the Pythagorean theorem, it's just that the S3 could not continue the solving procedure on the Pythagorean triple problem due to lack of thoroughness, being in a hurry when working on the problem, and not understanding the Pythagorean theorem material. S2 was not able to understand some of the questions presented. It could not continue the completion procedure according to the questions due to not being thorough, easily forgetting the material that had been taught, being in a hurry when working on the questions, and not understanding the questions that had been given.
Ryzyko sercowo-naczyniowe związane z cukrzycą ciążową
Authors: Sieradzki Jacek
Published: February 2024

Cukrzyca ciążowa jest nie tylko czynnikiem ryzyka cukrzycy typu 2, ale także podstawą rozwoju późniejszych powikłań sercowo-naczyniowych. Powikłania sercowo-naczyniowe po przebyciu cukrzycy ciążowej powstają niezależnie od rozwoju późniejszej cukrzycy typu 2. Powikłania sercowo-naczyniowe rozwijają się nawet zaraz po porodzie i nasilają się w miarę starzenia. Zaburzenia metaboliczne w mięśniu sercowym i nieprawidłowości budowy lewej komory pojawiają się już w późniejszych okresach ciąży. Zapobieganie powikłaniom sercowo-naczyniowym należy podjąć w cukrzycy ciążowej zaraz po porodzie, ponieważ ten typ cukrzycy stanowi dodatkowy czynnik ryzyka chorób układu krążenia.
Osiem twarzy ramiprilu, czyli drogowskaz terapeutyczny dla lekarza praktyka A.D. 2023
Authors: Barylski Marcin
Published: February 2024

Zgodnie z aktualnymi wytycznymi przy podejmowaniu decyzji o rozpoczęciu leczenia hipotensyjnego najistotniejsze jest oszacowanie ryzyka sercowo-naczyniowego związanego ze stopniem nadciśnienia tętniczego oraz z liczbą i rodzajem współistniejących czynników ryzyka. Współczesna terapia polega bowiem nie tylko na uzyskaniu trwałej normotensji przy zachowaniu dobrej jakości życia, ale również na korygowaniu zaburzeń hemodynamicznych i metabolicznych, a przede wszystkim – na przedłużaniu życia poprzez redukcję zachorowalności i umieralności z powodu incydentów wieńcowych, niewydolności serca oraz udarów mózgu. U większości pacjentów z nadciśnieniem tętniczym i różnymi schorzeniami współistniejącymi lub wysokim ryzykiem powikłań sercowo-naczyniowych najkorzystniejszym wyborem jest lek blokujący układ renina–angiotensyna–aldosteron. W chorobie wieńcowej i innych sytuacjach wysokiego ryzyka krążeniowego szczególna rola przypada ramiprilowi, który oprócz działania hipotensyjnego wykazuje wybitne właściwości kardio- i wazoprotekcyjne.
Betahistyna i preparaty złożone zawierające cynaryzynę i dimenhydrynat w leczeniu przedsionkowych zawrotów głowy
Authors: Berkowicz Tomasz
Published: February 2024

Betahistyna jest szeroko stosowana w terapii przedsionkowych zawrotów głowy o różnej etiologii. Ostatnio w leczeniu przedsionkowych zawrotów głowy stosowane są również preparaty złożone zawierające cynaryzynę i dimenhydrynat. Nie wykazują one większej skuteczności niż betahistyna, a ponadto krótki dopuszczalny okres leczenia (do 4 tygodni) i działania niepożądane, takie jak senność i wpływ na zdolność prowadzenia pojazdów i obsługiwania maszyn, ograniczają ich zastosowanie. Z tego względu preparaty te mogą być krótkotrwale stosowane w ostrym okresie westybulopatii, także w polifarmakoterapii z betahistyną.