bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengendalian Optimal Model Epidemi Flu Burung pada Unggas-Manusia dengan Pengobatan pada Manusia dan Depopulasi pada Unggas
Authors: Ningsih Wahyuni
Published: May 2021

Pengendalian optimal terhadap penyebaran flu burung melalui pendekatan model epidemi flu burung pada unggas dan manusia dilakukan dengan menggunakan prinsip Pontryagin. Pengendalian ini bekerja dengan menambahkan variabel kendali pada model matematika dan mengoptimalkan fungsional objektif. Variabel kendali yang ditambahkan pada model berupa pengobatan pada subpopulasi manusia yang terinfeksi dan depopulasi pada subpopulasi unggas yang terinfeksi. Tujuan dari pengendalian ini yaitu untuk meminimumkan jumlah subpopulasi manusia yang terinfeksi dan jumlah subpopulasi unggas yang terinfeksi serta biaya yang diperlukan selama pengobatan dan depopulasi. Model diselesaikan secara numerik menggunakan metode Runge-Kutta. Sementara proses pengendalian diselesaikan secara numerik dengan bantuan toolbox DOTcvpSB pada bahasa pemrograman Matlab. Setelah dibandingkan dengan hasil simulasi numerik model epidemi flu burung tanpa kendali, hasil simulasi numerik model epidemi flu burung dengan kendali menunjukkan bahwa pengobatan mampu menurunkan jumlah subpopulasi manusia yang terinfeksi hampir 100%. Begitu juga dengan depopulasi yang mampu menurunkan jumlah subpopulasi unggas yang terinfeksi hampir 100%. Sehingga dengan kata lain penyebaran virus flu burung dapat dikendalikan dengan baik jika dilakukan depopulasi pada unggas yang terinfeksi dan pengobatan pada manusia yang terinfeksi.Kata kunci: depopulasi, flu burung, kendali optimal, model epidemi, pengobatan, Pontryagin.
Perspectives of Sunnites on the Foreign Policy Making Process of Iran Balochis and Kurds
Authors: RIGIDERAKHSHAN Mohammad
Published: May 2021

This paper sets out to explain Iranian and Islamic identities that play a critical role in Iran’s foreign policy-making, using “constructivism theory in international relations.” The aim is to ascertain the impact of Iranian and Islamic identities along with concomitant changes in current policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The policies Iran initiated after the 1979 Revolution focused on the relevance of Islamic identity, and also the need to export the Revolution; this will be examined from a socio-economic and socio-cultural viewpoint. In this context, semi-structured interviews were conducted with Sunni Kurds and Balochi Iranian participants, and the data obtained was analyzed using “content analysis.” Iranian Sunni Balochi and Kurdish perspectives on Islamic, specifically Shiite, and also Iranian identity, all three of which gained importance in Iran’s foreign policy from 1979 onward are assessed.
Reasons Women Request for Termination of Pregnancy at a Rural Hospital in Zambia; A Cross Sectional Study at Mansa General Hospital, Mansa District, Zambia
Authors:   University of Zambia, Shanzi Aubrey , Chiluba Brian ,   University of Zambia, Zulu Mabvuto ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mansa General Hospital, Luapula, Zambia
Published: May 2021

Background: Globally, it is estimated that unsafe abortions contribute to 8% of maternal deaths. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest regional estimate of abortion related mortality at 90 per 100, 000 live births. In Zambia the reasons for the termination of pregnancy is enshrined in the Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1972 which states that an abortion may legally take place if the continuation of the pregnancy involves a risk to the pregnant woman's life, physical or mental health; a risk to the physical or mental health of any existing children; or if there is a substantial risk that the child will be born with birth abnormalities. The Termination of Pregnancy Act further specifies that the pregnant woman's actual or reasonably foreseeable environment may be considered. In this study, we set out to assess the reasons women give when requesting for a termination of pregnancy at Mansa General Hospital of Luapula province of Zambia.Methods: We carried out a descriptive cross-sectional study of 66 women’s medical records who requested termination of pregnancy in 2018 January and 2019 December. The records were retrieved from Mansa General Hospital in Luapula province, Zambia. The case notes and consent forms were used to determine the characteristics and the reasons women requested a termination of pregnancy.Results: Out of the 66 retrieved records of women who requested a termination of pregnancy from the registry of the hospital, 58 had their request of a termination of pregnancy successfully done and 8 never went further to terminate their pregnancy while 1 of the 66 records had the information missing on whether their request was met or not for a termination of pregnancy.Mean age was 25 (SD 7.3) with a minimum of 13 and maximum of 44. Average gestation age was 7.5 weeks (SD 2.8). Fifty percent (50%) of women had one living child and 32.7% were married. Forty one percent (41%) were in their first pregnancy. Sixty eight percent (68.2%) of patients had secondary education whereas 27.3% had a tertiary education. Median parity was 2. The commonest reason for termination was the need to advance in education (27.5%). The second was poor economic home situation (20.3%). The third was medical reasons(13.0%).Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, the authors suggest strategies to increase knowledge of abortion rights and services and to improve the quality and accessibility of abortion services in Zambia
Tools of Conducting Strategy of Institutional Transformations in Industrial Complex in Conditions of Digital Economy
Authors: Boev A. G.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with tools of introducing strategy of transformation at industrial enterprises and complexes in conditions of digitalization. It puts forward the author’s definition of the organizational-economic mechanism of conducting strategy of institutional transformations in industrial complex as a goal-oriented system of means, technologies, processes, resources and methodological tools that give an opportunity to carry out planned strategic changes and realize well-balanced managerial, functional, digital, innovation-technological, structural and other transformation of the enterprise to step-up its long-term competitiveness. The author substantiated the goal of development, principles of building, parameters of scientific-methodological and resource support, as well as other aspects of the mechanism of conducting strategy of transformations. Mechanism of algorithm self-diagnosing was designed, which helps control and analyze effectiveness of reforms, speed of transformation in comparison with average-market values, changes in the level of innovation activity and digitalization of the industrial complex, structure of personnel involvement in the process of strategic changes and dynamics of entropy in the enterprise economic system during the transition period. The article puts forward the system of industrial complex personnel involvement in the process of transformations and resistance smoothing, which can mobilize and use personnel of the enterprise to carry out reforms. The requirements to devising organizational-economic mechanism of conducting strategy of transformations were fixed, the most important of which is reliability, adaptability, integrity, efficiency and technologic character. Findings of the research can be used as scientific-methodological and managerial tools to carry out system transformation of industrial enterprises in conditions of digital economic.
Interrelation between the Choice of Investment Trend and Subsequent Economic Results and Strategy of Sustainable Development in Organization
Authors: Ganshina E. U. , Smirnova I. L. , Ivanova S P.
Published: May 2021

The topic of making investment and choosing the most effective trends of investing money is becoming more acute for today’s organizations due to numerous crisis economic events and accompanying difficulties with capital reproduction. In researching options of investment special attention is paid to strategic aspects of alternative financial and technological opportunities of putting in resources and forecasting the horizon of recovery of the investment. Apart from this, the research interest is aroused by the impact of basic lines of enterprises’ investment on the level of their economic results together with trends of providing long-term sustainable development. The authors analyzed cases of the biggest Russian industrial organizations, identified correlation between investment flows within the frames of the organization and the effect of investment on the basis of consolidated accounting of these companies. The article analyzes some investment projects of the NMLK Group and the PAO Sibur, for instance, introduction of innovation model of making forecast concerning breaking-down of critical equipment and the system of corporate social responsibility. The authors made recommendations on prioritization of aspects of socially important trends of investment for today’s big companies, which could lead to raising efficiency of organizations’ work and thus to principles of sustainable development
How does the Selection of Laboratory Mice Affect the Results of Physiological
Distribution of Radiopharmaceuticals?
Authors: Ochniewicz Piotr , Karczmarczyk Urszula , Laszuk Ewa , Tomczyk Kamil , Garnuszek Piotr
Published: May 2021

Background:

The choice of mice strain can significantly influence the physiological distribution
and may lead to an inadequate assessment of the radiopharmaceutical properties.

Objective:

This work aims to present how the legal requirements that apply to radiopharmaceuticals
contained in the various guidelines determine the choice of the mouse strain for quality control
and preclinical studies and affect the results of physiological distribution.

Methods:

Swiss and BALB/c mice were chosen as commonly used strains in experiments for research
and quality control purposes. Radiopharmaceuticals, i.e., preparations containing one or
more radioactive isotopes in their composition, are subject to the same legal regulations at every
stage of the research, development and routine quality control as all other medicines. Therefore, in
vivo experiments are to be carried out to confirm the pharmacological properties and safety. Moreover,
if a radiopharmaceutical's chemical structure is unknown or complex and impossible to be determined
by physicochemical methods, an analysis of physiological distribution in a rodent animal
model needs to be performed.

Results:

In our studies, thirty-six mice (Swiss n=18, BALB/c n=18) were randomly divided into
six groups and injected with the following radiopharmaceuticals: [99mTc]Tc-Colloid, [99mTc]Tc-DTPA
and [99mTc]Tc-EHIDA. Measurement of physiological distribution was conducted following the
requirements of European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) monograph 0689, internal instructions and the
United States Pharmacopeia (USP) monograph. Additionally, at preclinical studies, ten mice
(Swiss n=5, BALB/c n=5) were injected with the new tracer [99mTc]Tc-PSMA-T4, and its physiological
distribution has been compared. The p-value <0.05 proved the statistical significance of the
radiopharmaceutical physiological distribution.

Conclusion:

We claim that mice strain choice can significantly influence the physiological distribution
and may lead to inaccurate quality control results and incomprehensible interpretation of the results
from preclinical in vivo studies of a new radiopharmaceutical.
Evaluation of Binding and Abrasion Properties of Grey Mangrove (Avicennia marina) Leaf Extract Against Escherichia coli K12 DNA
Authors: Tudu Praveen , Mahanty Shouvik , Sriramulu Sushmitha , Chaudhuri Punarbasu , Pathak Surajit
Published: May 2021

Background:

Mangroves are globally known for their ecological importance and are
found to be extensively used in traditional medicine. Avicennia marina, commonly known as grey
mangroves, exhibit strong antimicrobial properties and are also considered to be a promising drug
candidate in neutralizing pathogens.

Objective:

In our present study, the leaf extract from Avicennia marina was isolated using organic
solvents of ascensive polarity to evaluate binding and abrasive properties in Escherichia coli K12
DNA.

Methods:

Samples of the pulverized leaves were used for sequential extraction using ethyl acetate,
chloroform and acetone. The minimum inhibitory concentration of isolates from ethyl acetate, chloroform,
and acetone were quantified to be 0.125 gL-1, 0.0625 gL-1, and 0.125 gL-1, respectively. These
values were further utilized to calculate the binding constant between Escherichia coli DNA
and isolates. In addition, the mutagenicity of the isolates was assessed using Ames test in which
the Escherichia coli K12 (strain AB1157) bacteria was cultured in minimal glucose media supplemented
with isolates for assessing their DNA modifying ability. Further, DNA abrasion potential
was assessed for all the isolates using Comet assay.

Results:

Results of Ames test showed that the isolates have DNA modifying ability, whereas the
Comet assay demonstrated that isolates have not exhibited DNA degrading potential.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the mechanism by which the isolates degrade the bacterial cell must be
contrary to its DNA degrading potential. Experiments paved the way for further quantification and
examination using bioinformatics tools to find the best drug candidate and run clinical trials.
Phytochemicals as Potential Inhibitors of Advanced Glycation End Products: Health Aspects and Patent Survey
Authors: Fernandes Annayara C. F. , Melo Jeane B. , Genova Vanize M. , Santana Ádina L. , Macedo Gabriela
Published: May 2021

Background:

The glycation of proteins and lipids synthesizes the advanced glycation end products (AGEs), i.e., substances that irreversibly damage macromolecules present in tissues and organs, which contribute to the impairment of biological functions. For instance, the accumulation of AGEs induces oxidative stress, the inflammatory responses, and consequently the on set/worsening of diseases, including obesity, asthma, cognitive impairment, and cancer. There is a current demand on natural and low-cost sources of anti-AGE agents. As a result, food phytochemicals presented promising results to inhibit glycation and consequently, the formation of AGEs.

Objective:

Here we describe how the AGEs are present in food via Maillard reaction and in organs via natural aging, as well as the effects of AGEs on the worsening of diseases. Also we described the methods used to detect AGEs in samples, and the current findings on the use of phytochemicals (phenolic compounds, phytosterols, carotenoids, terpenes and vitamins) as natural therapeuticals to inhibit health damages via inhibition of AGEs in vitro and in vivo.

Methods:

This manuscript reviewed publications available in the PubMed and Science Direct databases dated from the last 20 years on the uses of phytochemicals for the inhibition of AGEs. Recent patents on the use of anti-AGEs drugs were reviewed with the use of Google Advanced Patents database.

Results and Discussion:

There is no consensus about which concentration of AGEs in blood serum should not be hazardous to the health of individuals. Food phytochemicals derived from agroindustry wastes, including peanut skins, and the bagasses derived from citrus and grapes are promising anti-AGEs agents via scavenging of free radicals, metal ions, the suppression of metabolic pathways that induces inflammation, the activation of pathways that promote antioxidant defense, and the blocking of AGE connection with the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE).

Conclusion:

Phytochemicals derived from agroindustry are promising anti-AGEs, which can be included to replace synthetic drugs to inhibit AGE formation, and consequently to act as therapeutical strategy to prevent and treat diseases caused by AGEs, including diabetes, ovarian cancer, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer’s disease.
Millimeter Wave Communication Technology
Authors: Kleyn Aart  W. , Luo Wei , Yin Bo
Published: May 2021

Millimeter-wave plays an indispensable role in the new generation of
mobile communication because of its abundance of unexplored resources, which can be
used to meet the requirements of greater bandwidth and ultra-high data rate. This
chapter firstly introduces the development, characteristics, and applications of
millimeter-wave. Then the application of millimeter-wave in mobile communication
systems is described in detail, and the common channel model is listed. Secondly, a
large-scale MIMO system, precoding technology, and three kinds of beam forming
structures are introduced. Finally, combined with the current development of mobile
communication, the requirements on the millimeter-wave devices for the new
generation of mobile communication system are summarized, and some typical
millimeter-wave devices are listed.
Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Aktivitas Antiemesis Ekstrak dan Mikrokapsul Propolis Trigona itama
Authors: Nusa Cassandra Permata , Sulaeman Ahmad , Marliyati Sri Anna
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAKPropolis merupakan senyawa resin yang dikumpulkan oleh lebah dari bagian tanaman untuk membangun dan melindungi sarangnya. Propolis memiliki banyak manfaat, salah satunya adalah aktivitas antiemetik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui fisikokimia dan aktivitas antiemetik ekstrak dan mikrokapsul propolis Trigona itama. Propolis diekstraksi menggunakan ultrasonic bath dengan pelarut air. Ekstrak propolis kemudian dikeringkan dengan teknik pengeringan semprot menggunakan maltodekstrin dan gum arab sebagai bahan penyalut. Rendemen ekstrak dan mikrokapsul propolis ditentukan dengan menimbang berat ekstrak kering atau mikrokapsul. Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Total flavonoid dan total fenol dianalisis secara berurutan dengan menggunakan metode AlCl3 dan Follin-Ciocalteu. Aktivitas antiemetik diamati pada hewan coba anak ayam yang diinduksi dengan tembaga sulfat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak propolis memiliki rendemen sebesar 13,73%, sementara rendemen mikrokapsul sebesar 32,27%. Aktivitas antioksidan, total flavonoid, dan total fenol ekstrak propolis lebih tinggi dibandingkan mikrokapsul propolis. Penelitian ini menyajikan bahwa ekstrak dan mikrokapsul propolis Trigona itama memiliki aktivitas antiemetik, di mana ekstrak propolis memiliki aktivitas yang lebih tinggi daripada mikrokapsul.Kata kunci: lebah tanpa sengat, mikrokapsul, pengeringan semprot, propolis, Trigona itamaABSTRACTPropolis is a resinous-like substance collected by bees from plant parts to build and protect their hives. Propolis has many benefits, one of which is the antiemetic activity. This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical and antiemetic activity of extract and microcapsule of Trigona itama propolis. Propolis was extracted using an ultrasonic bath with water solvent. Propolis extract was then spray-dried using maltodextrin and gum arabic as a coating agent. The yield of propolis extract and microcapsule was determined by weighing the dry extract or microcapsule. Antioxidant activity assay was conducted using the DPPH method. Total flavonoids and total phenolic were analyzed using AlCl3 and Follin-Ciocalteu methods, respectively. The antiemetic activity was observed on chicks induced with copper sulfate. The results showed that propolis extract has 13,73% produce, while the microcapsule has 32,27% produce. Antioxidant activity, total flavonoid, and total phenolic of propolis extract were higher than those of propolis microcapsule. This study presents that Trigona itama propolis extract and microcapsule have antiemetic activity, where propolis extract has higher activity than microcapsule.Keywords: microcapsule, propolis, spray drying, stingless bee, Trigona itama
Hubungan Indonesian's Healthy Eating Index dengan Biomarker Sindrom Metabolik pada Penderita Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK)
Authors: Briawan Dodik , Nurpratama Widya Lestari , Riyadina Woro
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAKPenilaian konsumsi pangan dengan metode Healthy Eating Index (HEI) belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan HEI versi Indonesia dengan biomarker Sindrom Metabolik (SM) pada penderita Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK). Penelitian ini menggunakan data Studi Kohor Faktor Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular periode tahun 2013-2016. Ditemukan sebanyak 124 kasus baru PJK berdasarkan pengukuran EKG. Pengukuran konsumsi pangan menggunakan konsumsi pangan 1x24 jam setahun sebelum subjek didiagnosa PJK. Penilaian kualitas diet dengan metode US-HEI yang dimodifikasi berdasarkan jumlah porsi pada pedoman gizi seimbang Indonesia. Data biomarker SM yang digunakan meliputi tekanan darah, glukosa darah puasa (GDP), glukosa darah pasca pembebanan (GD2PP), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) dan trigliserida yang diukur pada saat pertama kali didiagnosis PJK. Rata-rata skor HEI yaitu 58.6, dan sebanyak 1.6% subjek termasuk kategori baik. Komponen HEI yaitu minuman berpemanis berhubungan signifikan dengan GDP (r=0.271), GD2PP (r=0.191), HDL (r=-0.200) (p<0.05); sedangkan skor Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) berhubungan signifikan dengan HDL (r=0.219) (p<0.05). Hasil studi mengonfirmasi kembali bahwa dalam program pencegahan PJK sebaiknya diikuti dengan mengurangi asupan gula dan meningkatkan konsumsi pangan sumber PUFA.Kata kunci: Â healthy eating index, konsumsi pangan, penyakit jantung koroner, sindrom metabolikABSTRACTThe food consumption assessment using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) method has not been widely applied in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the Indonesian version of HEI and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) biomarkers on coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. This study used data from the Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors for the 2013-2016 period. There were 124 new cases of CHD based on ECG measurements. The measurement of food consumption used a 24-hour dietary recall a year prior to the CHD diagnosis.Â The diet quality assessment was done using the modified US-HEI method based on the number of servings in the Indonesian balanced nutrition guidelines. Data on MetS biomarkers were blood pressure, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Postprandial Blood Glucose (PBG), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides at the time of the CHD diagnosis. The mean HEI score was 58.6, and 1.6% of patients were in good categories. The HEI component, sugar-sweetened beverage, was significantly associated with FBG (r=0.271), PBG (r=0.191), HDL (r=-0.200) (p<0.05); meanwhile, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) score was significantly associated with HDL (r=0.219) (p<0.05). These results confirm that CHD program prevention is better followed by reducing sugar intake and increasing PUFA food sources.Keywords: coronary heart disease, food consumption, healthy eating index, metabolic syndromeÂ
Ocular Pressure-Volume Relationship and Ganglion Cell Death in Glaucoma
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, NC 205, Houston, Texas, Pang Ji-Jie , Wu Samuel M. ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, NC 205, Houston, Texas
Published: May 2021

We studied how GC death in glaucoma related to the intraocular pressure (IOP), eyeball volume (VS) and elasticity (volumetric KS and tensile ES), and eyeball volume-pressure relation. Glaucomatous GC loss was studied in DBA/2J (D2) mice with wild-type mice as controls. GCs were retrogradely identified and observed with a confocal microscope. The elasticity calculation was also done on published data from patients treated by a gas bubble injection in the vitreous cavity. The GC population in D2 mice (1.5- to 14-month-old) was negatively correlated with following factors: VS (p = 0.0003), age (p = 0.0026) and IOP (but p = 0.0966). As indicated by average values, adult D2 mice (³6 months) suffered significant GC loss, low KS and ES, and universal expansion of VS with normal IOP. KS and ES in the patients were also lower upon prolonged eyeball expansion compared to acute expansion. Based on the results and presumptions of a closed and continuous eyeball space (thereby ΔVS » ΔVW, ΔVW-the change in the aqueous humor amount), we deduced equations on the ocular volume-pressure relationship: ΔIOP = KS*ΔVW/VS or ΔIOP = (2/3)*[1/(1-n)]*(H/R)*ES*ΔVW/VS (n, Poisson’s ratio taken as 0.5; R, the curvature radius; and H, the shell thickness). Under normal atmospheric pressure, IOP of 10~50 mmHg contributed only 1.2~6.6% of the pressure opposing the retina and eyeball shell. We conclude: 1) A disturbance of ocular volume-pressure homeostasis, mediated primarily by low KS and ES, expanded VS, and large ΔVW, is correlated with GC death in glaucoma and 2) D2 mice with GC loss and normal IOP may serve as animal models for human normal-tension glaucoma.
Micropropagation of arrow cane, Gynerium sagittatum (Aubl.) P. Beauv. cv. Criolla, Criolla 1, and Martinera, in a double-phase medium
Authors: Lopez Diaz Claudia Marcela , Suárez Padrón Isidro Elías , Humanez Alvarez Alicia
Published: May 2021

To evaluate the micropropagation response of arrow cane, Gynerium sagittatum (Aubl.), plants using a double-phase medium in the multiplication stage, explants consisting of stem sections with axillary meristems from cultivars Criolla, Criolla 1, and Martinera were established in vitro in a semisolid medium. Then, they were multiplied using a double-phase medium supplied at several Benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/L), followed by rooting in a culture medium supplied at several Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 20 mg/L). Both multiplied unrooted and rooted microshoots were transferred ex vitro. Treatments were distributed with a completely randomized design; data were analyzed with an ANOVA and means separated with Tukey’s test. Explants from Criolla and Martinera cultured with 0.5 mg/L BAP resulted in higher multiplication rates. All microshoots transferred to the rooting medium rooted, although NAA significantly increased the number of roots and reduced root length. Plants from all three cultivars, in vitro rooted or unrooted transferred to ex vitro conditions, showed 100 % survival and adaptation. For Criolla and Martinera, 0.5 mg/L BAP statistically increased shoot multiplication rates and NAA increased adventitious root formation and reduced root length. Plants of all cultivars survived and adapted 100 % to ex vitro conditions.
Developing a Time-Adaptive Prediction Model for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea
Authors: Kim Ji Woong , Ha Juhyung , Kim Taerim , Yoon Hee , Hwang Sung Yeon , Jo Ik Joon , Shin Tae Gun , Sim Min Seob , Kim Kyunga , Cha Won Chul
Published: May 2021

Background

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a serious public health issue, and predicting the prognosis of OHCA patients can assist clinicians in making decisions about the treatment of patients, use of hospital resources, or termination of resuscitation.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a time-adaptive conditional prediction model (TACOM) to predict clinical outcomes every minute.

Methods

We performed a retrospective observational study using data from the Korea OHCA Registry in South Korea. In this study, we excluded patients with trauma, those who experienced return of spontaneous circulation before arriving in the emergency department (ED), and those who did not receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the ED. We selected patients who received CPR in the ED. To develop the time-adaptive prediction model, we organized the training data set as ongoing CPR patients by the minute. A total of 49,669 patients were divided into 39,602 subjects for training and 10,067 subjects for validation. We compared random forest, LightGBM, and artificial neural networks as the prediction model methods. Model performance was quantified using the prediction probability of the model, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), and area under the precision recall curve.

Results

Among the three algorithms, LightGBM showed the best performance. From 0 to 30 min, the AUROC of the TACOM for predicting good neurological outcomes ranged from 0.910 (95% CI 0.910-0.911) to 0.869 (95% CI 0.865-0.871), whereas that for survival to hospital discharge ranged from 0.800 (95% CI 0.797-0.800) to 0.734 (95% CI 0.736-0.740). The prediction probability of the TACOM showed similar flow with cohort data based on a comparison with the conventional model’s prediction probability.

Conclusions

The TACOM predicted the clinical outcome of OHCA patients per minute. This model for predicting patient outcomes by the minute can assist clinicians in making rational decisions for OHCA patients.
Beta Rasa: Emotion Regulation Program to Reduce Young Offenders Anxiety in LPKA Kupang
Authors: Benu Juliana Marlin Y , Manafe Rizky Pradita , Nabuasa Engelina
Published: May 2021

. Anxiety is one of the emotional problems experienced by young offenders in LPKA (Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak/Juvenile Detention Center) Kupang and this condition has a negative impact on their rehabilitation process. The condition requires psychological intervention. This research aimed to understand the impact of the Beta Rasa Program in reducing anxiety. Beta Rasa Program focuses on improving young offender’s emotional regulation ability. This research was a quasi-experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. In total, there were 20 young offenders participating in this program for 4 sessions. Paired sample t-test was used to analyze data in this research. Young offender’s anxiety was measured by Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The research showed a significant decrease in young offenders’ anxiety (t = 2.116, p = 0.02) after they joined Beta Rasa Program. The effect size of this program was 0.41. The result indicates that Beta Rasa Program has a moderate effect to reduce anxiety.
Pelatihan Konselor Sebaya Daring Untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Kesehatan Mental Siswa di SMA Islam XY Semarang
Authors: Syafitri Diany Ufieta , Rahmah Laily
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan konselor sebaya daring dalam meningkatkan literasi kesehatan mental pada beberapa siswa yang terpilih di SMA Islam XY Semarang. Dalam pelatihan ini peserta diberi materi tentang mengenali berbagai masalah kesehatan mental, berbagai pilihan bantuan psikologis yang tersedia, dan keterampilan sederhana untuk menolong diri sendiri dan orang lain. Terdapat 16 siswa dari kelas XI-XII. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan desain kuasi eksperimen satu kelompok dengan pre dan postes. Sebelum dan setelah pelatihan, partisipan diberi tes pengetahuan terkait literasi kesehatan mental dan skala sikap terhadap pencarian bantuan psikologis daring dan luring. Analisis yang dilakukan menggunakan uji t berpasangan menunjukkan setelah pelatihan terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan (t -3.162, p 0.006) dan sikap yang lebih positif terhadap bantuan psikologis daring (t -3.108, p 0.007). Secara umum hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan konselor sebaya daring dapat meningkatkan literasi kesehatan mental partisipan.
Relationship between HEXACO Personality Traits and Rolefulness
Authors: Sakakibara Aoi , Kato Daiki
Published: May 2021

The main purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between HEXACO personality traits and rolefulness. Data were collected from 96 Japanese university students. The results showed that honesty–humility was negatively associated with social rolefulness, and extraversion and openness were related to increased social rolefulness. In addition, openness to experience and emotionality were associated with increased internal rolefulness. This model revealed significant relationships between personality traits and rolefulness, contributing to the understanding of how rolefulness develops based on individual characteristics.
REGIONALNA SARADNJA NA ZAPADNOM BALKANU – DUGOROČNO ČEKANJE NA ČLANSTVO U EVROPSKOJ UNIJI I/ILI „BALKANSKA UNIJA”
Authors: Djukanovic Dragan , Krstic Milan
Published: May 2021

Geneza regionalne saradnje na Zapadnom Balkanu protekle dve i po decenije imala je različite etape, uz dugotrajne krize i probleme u vezi sa razvojem vlastitog koncepta. U ovom radu autori stoga analiziraju njene dosadašnje domete, sa posebnim akcentom na period nakon transformacije Pakta za stabilnost u Jugoistočnoj Evropi u Savet za regionalnu saradnju početkom 2008. godine, kao i na pokušaj rekonceptualizovanja saradnje u okviru Zapadnobalkanske šestorke tokom 2013. godine. Istovremeno oni pažnju posvećuju i dometima Berlinskog procesa nakon 2014. godine i stvaranja novog oblika prelaska regionalne saradnje u regionalnu ekonomsku integraciju (Zajedničko regionalno tržište) s kraja 2020. godine. U tom kontekstu autori razmatraju da li će da usledi i produbljivanje političke saradnje kroz eventualno osnivanje zajedničkog parlamenta Zapadnog Balkana i uvođenje redovnih sastanka predsednika vlada i ministara inostranih poslova.
Autori zato ukazuju i na određena strahovanja u regionu da bi već otpočeta integracija u oblasti ekonomske saradnje, koja bi bila praćena i produbljenom političkom saradnjom, mogla rezultirati osnivanjem „Balkanske unije”. To suštinski nailazi na značajne otpore i protivljenja u regionu Zapadnog Balkana zbog straha da će ona postati trajno rešenje, koje kao takvo dugoročno isključuje članstvo država regiona u Evropskoj uniji.
METODOLOGIJA ISTRAŽIVANJA U POLITIČKIM NAUKAMA
Authors: Arezina Vera
Published: May 2021

U radu se proučava metodologija istraživanja u političkim naukama, od izbora teme do definisanja istraživačkog pitanja, predmeta, ciljeva, hipoteza, metoda, kao i naučnog i društvenog doprinosa. Cilj ovog rada je da prikaže i objasni metodologiju istraživanja koja se više decenija primenjuje u političkim naukama, i drugim društvenim naukama kao što su pedagogija, sociologija, bezbednost, pravo i vojne nauke, a u poslednjoj deceniji i u antropologiji, medicini, kao i u tehničko-tehnološkim, računarskim, matematičkim i drugim naukama.
Rezultati ovog rada treba da doprinesu boljem razumevanju metodologije istraživanja u različitim naučnim radovima, posebno u master radu i doktorskoj disertaciji, kao i da podstaknu mlade istraživače da uspešno sprovode svoja istraživanja u političkim i drugim naukama.
U SENCI DREVNOG DRUŠTVA: ENGELSOVO POREKLO PORODICE
Authors: Matic Ivan
Published: May 2021

Osvrt na knjigu Poreklo porodice, privatne svojine i države Fridriha Engelsa (Friedrich Engels.1884. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State. New York: Pathfinder Press, 180 p.)
SVETOGORSKI MODEL: NEPRIMENjIV NA KOSOVU I METOHIJI
Authors: Rakovic Aleksandar
Published: May 2021

Rad putem analize svetogorskog modela i odnosa Svete Gore prema Grčkoj i Vaseljenskoj patrijaršiji pokazuje da bi istovetno ili slično rešenje za srpske crkve i manastire na Kosovu i Metohiji bilo neprimenjivo, pa čak i veoma štetno za Srpsku pravoslavnu crkvu, Republiku Srbiju i srpski narod ukoliko bi takav model bio nametnut.
ALBANSKO NASILJE NAD SRBIMA U KRALJEVINI SHS I KRALJEVINI JUGOSLAVIJI
Authors: Gacinovic Radoslav
Published: May 2021

Ovaj rad je pokušaj autora da podseti domaću i međunarodnu naučnu javnost na kontinuitet albanskog nasilja nad Srbima u XX veku. Velikoalbanska iredentistička aktivnost između dva svetska rata imala je snažnu podršku fašističkih sila, zainteresovanih za razbijanje novonastale jugoslovenske države. Bila je to u prvom mestu fašistička Italija i Treća komunistička internacionala (Kominterna) sa sedištem u Moskvi. Velikoalbanski „Kosovski komitet” se početkom 1920. godine povezao sa Kominternom. Italija je neposredno podržavala akcije albanskih terorista (kačaka) u Jugoslaviji u godinama posle Prvog svetskog rata. „Vođe tog pokreta Hasan Priština i Mustafa Kroja dobijali su od italijanske vlade u početku 50 000 lira mesečno, kasnije oko 200 000 od septembra 1927. godine znatno više”. Na Beogradskom univerzitetu formirana je 1935. godine tajna studentska organizacija „Besa” s osnovnim programskim opredeljenjima da radi na priključenju Kosova i Metohije Albaniji. Idejne vođe tajne terorističke organizacije bili su Ćazim Blaca, Šaip Mustafa i Ibrahim Ljutva, a njihov osnovni zadatak bio je da na univerzitetu stvore atmosferu o neophodnosti stvaranja Velike Albanije, da formiraju oružane formacije u i datom momentu krenu sa terorističkim akcijama. Finansiralo ju je albansko i italijansko poslanstvo u Beogradu.
AZIJSKI PACIFIK I AMERIČKO-KINESKO NADMETANJE
Authors: Stojanovic Stanislav , Saranovic Jovanka
Published: May 2021

U tekstu se analizira američko-kinesko nadmetanje koje ima progresivnu tendenciju i svojom kompleksnošću teško je kontrolisano što čini realnim opasnost od dalje intenzivne radikalizacije njihovih odnosa. Taj rivalitet dobija posebne dimenzije na prostoru azijskog Pacifika čija jedinstvena geopolitička osobenost podstiče snažnu koncentrisanost američko-kineskih interesa, SAD da ospore sve jasniji smer diskreditacije sopstvene moći, a Kine da potvrdi svoje sve izvesnije liderstvo. Konfrontiranost njihovih interesa upućuje na neizvesnost u pogledu budućih bezbednosnih trendova na prostoru azijskog Pacifika.
Kroz prizmu realpolitičke teorije međunarodnih odnosa i nadmetanja za moć kao suštinskog određenja odnosa među državama, kao i geopolitičkih škola koje ističu primarni značaju pomorske moći, u fokusu istraživačke pažnje su analiza strateških opredeljenja i ambicija SAD i Kine na azijskom Pacifiku kao jednom od najznačajnijih geopolitčkih središta savremene svetske politike. Komparacija strateških ambicija i na njima zasnovanih politika u kojima strateška osetljivost Istočnog i Južnokineskog mora ima poseban značaj, jasno nagoveštava dugoročnu suprotstavljenost američko-kineskih interesa, čineći tako konfliktni kontekst dominantnim u njihovim bilateralnim odnosima. Konfliktni potencijal u njihovim odnosima primarno će određivati karakter odnosa u regionu, doprinoseći da odnosi na tom prostoru budu, kompleksni, nejasni i potencijalno eksplozivni.
Autori zaključuju da nadmetanje Kine i SAD ima narastajući tok koji će, imajući u vidu izražen trend snažne polarizacije odnosa u međunarodnoj politici, uključujući i nesagledive posledice pandemije Korona virusa koja nastavlja da još intenzivnije diskredituje poredak koji je uspostavio zapadni svet, dodatno zaoštravati potencijalni sukob SAD i Kine na azijskom Pacifiku kao globalnom čvorištu savremenog sveta.
PREDSEDNIČKA KRIZA U VENECUELI: UZROCI, AKTERI I PERSPEKTIVE
Authors: Trapara Vladimir
Published: May 2021

Predmet ovog rada je aktuelna predsednička kriza u Venecueli, izbila januara 2019, usled odluke Sjedinjenih Američkih Država (SAD) i još oko 50 zemalja sveta da ne priznaju Nikolasa Madura za izabranog predsednika Venecuele. Cilj je da se istraži kako i zašto se Venecuela našla u takvoj situaciji, ko su osnovni akteri koji učestvuju ili utiču na krizu, i koji scenariji razvoja krize se mogu očekivati u budućnosti. Korišćene metode su analiza sadržaja i istorijsko-komparativna metoda, jer se želi ući u genezu uzroka i aktera koja će kulminirati krizom. Rezultat istraživanja pokazuje da je u krizu odvelo hronično loše upravljanje Venecuele naftom kao osnovnom polugom njene ekonomije i društva, i to na području hegemonije SAD, s kojima se sukobio čavistički projekat izgradnje venecuelanskog društva i regionalno aktivne spoljne politike. Zaključak je da splet aktuelnih uzroka i aktera, zajedno sa tekućom pandemijom koronavirusa, favorizuje održavanje pat pozicije u nedogled.
Method for the Production of Fat from Raw Materials and Animal Waste
Authors: Iskakov Ruslan Maratbekovich , Iskakova Assel Maratbekovna , Nurushev Murat Zhusypbekovich , Khaimuldinova Altyngul Kumashevna , Karbayev Nurlan Kazhkenovich
Published: May 2021

The aim of this article was to study degreasing of raw materials raw fish bone waste and animal waste. A new method was developed, aimed at intensive extraction of fat with an additional absorber- de-limonene, placed in water during high-temperature cooking of raw materials of animal origin. De-limonene is a widespread terpene hydrocarbon, and a primary component of orange peel oil (constitutes up to 80–90%). Degreasing with the inclusion of de-limonene increases the degree of hydrolysis of collagen from animal raw materials, which intensifies the extraction of fat from the processed raw materials. High-temperature cooking promotes the breakdown of triglycerides into free fatty acids, which further break down into low molecular weight products. At the end of the heat the temperature of the heating plates is 70-90 ° C, the pressure inside the boiler is 1.6,-2.4 kPa, the duration is 60-100 minutes treatment of the raw material, a two-phase system was obtained: dry fat greaves and fat. Fat was sucked off by pumps connected to digesters, and greasy greaves were sent for degreasing by pressing. The method produced broth, fat, and feed.
Understanding Strategies of Anti-Nuclear Movement: A Study of ICAN [Memahami Strategi Gerakan Anti-Nuklir:Sebuah Studi Tentang ICAN
Authors: Anggitta Mutti
Published: May 2021

This article argues that the most unique characteristic of the ICAN’s activism is its transnational scope, which was made possible by the use of eight strategies by the organization including geostrategic headquarters, internet and technology, government relations, NGOs connection, celebrity spotlight, perfect timing, creativity, and responsiveness. In evaluating the argument, this article provides evidence by employing process-tracing methods and conducting archival analysis to closely examine the historical timeline of important events or moments surrounding the ICAN’s activism since its inception in 2007 to the adoption of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in 2017. This article first provides a literature review on social movements against nuclear weapons to provide some background. It then describes how the eight strategies are employed by the ICAN as they are reflected in its transnationalactivism. It finally notes the five key milestones that are achieved by the organization.AbstrakArtikel ini berargumen bahwa karakteristik paling unik dari aktivisme ICAN adalah jangkauannya yang bersifat transnasional, yang dicapai berkat penggunaan delapan strategi mencakup letak kantor pusat yang strategis, internet dan teknologi, hubungan dengan pemerintah, jejaring LSM, sorotan selebriti, pemilihan waktu yang tepat, kreativitas, dan kemampuan merespon. Dalam mengevaluasi argumen tersebut, artikel ini memaparkan data dengan menggunakan metode process tracing dan melakukan analisis arsip untuk memeriksa secara detail peristiwa-peristiwa penting seputar aktivisme ICAN sejak didirikan pada 2007 hingga diadopsinya Perjanjian Pelarangan Senjata Nuklir pada 2017. Artikel ini menyediakan tinjauan pustaka tentang gerakan sosial melawan senjata nuklir untuk menjelaskan latar belakang isu ini. Kemudian artikel ini menjelaskan bagaimana delapan strategi tersebut digunakan oleh ICAN, sebagaimana tercermin dalam aktivisme transnasionalnya. Di akhir, artikel ini mengidentifikasi lima pencapaian utama yang diraih oleh ICAN.
Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of Chlorella isolates from Indonesia using rbcL gene
Authors: FITRIYAH Fauziatul , FARAMITHA Yora , SARI Dini Astika , KRESNAWATY Irma , PANJI Tri , SANTOSO Djoko
Published: May 2021

Identifying the newly isolated species is crucial to establishing a reliable algal database with successful commercial applications for different biotechnological applications. Morphological identification does not give sufficient description, especially for tiny unicellular microalgae. The rbcL gene encodes the large unit of ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase /oxygenase (Rubisco) has been widely known for barcoding in plants and developed for microalgae molecular identification. In this study, we examined the local strains of green microalgae from Indonesia using the rbcL partial gene sequence to identify the strains. Green microalgae isolates originated from Yogyakarta, Serayu, Gondol, Ancol, Cilegon, and Teluk Jakarta were cultured in f/2 media and harvested for DNA extraction. The DNA extracted was proceeded to PCR using 1AB_rbcL primer pair to amplify the sequences of rbcL gene with target band located at 582 bp, followed by the sequencing of the PCR product was conducted. Molecular identification of local green microalgae isolates was successfully carried out using primers 1AB_rbcL with a genetic similarity of 99% toward identified species in the NCBI database. Among six isolates, TJ, G, S, C, and A isolates were identified as C. pyrenoidosa. Only CP isolate from Yogyakarta identified as C. sorokiniana. Nannochloropsis gaditana rbcL sequence was selected as an outgroup. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the five isolates of Chlorella belong to one clade and clearly distinguished from C. sorokiniana isolate from Yogyakarta.
Reviewing Japanese Dream Culture and Its History: Where Ancient, Medieval and Modern Times Meet
Authors:   International Research Center for Japanese Studies, Araki Hiroshi
Published: May 2021

‘Dream’ is an important keyword in the study of cultural history. Dreams relate profoundly to various cultural phenomena, so that the aspects of this relationship are broad and diverse. Japanese dreams are also represented visually in many different cultural contexts, in various styles and media, and their representation changes according to social and historical situations. In particular, pictorialization of dreams offers interesting possibilities. For example, the ‘speech balloon’ (or bubble) is a popular device for depicting speech acts in picture books and manga, and a significant symbolic image in contemporary culture such as LINE messages in Japan. Historically, however, speech balloons also seem to have a close relationship with the visualization of dreams. In this paper, I would like to trace and review the Japanese dream culture and its history, to consider where or how ancient, medieval and modern times encounter in the history of East Asian cultural representation.
Koki, meži, upes, ezeri un ūdens “Mana vectēva Korkuda grāmatā”
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Strode Elīna
Published: May 2021

“Mana vectēva Korkuda grāmata” ir vecoguzu valodā rakstīts teiku krājums, kas veidojies aptuveni no 7. līdz 9. gadsimtam. Grāmatā aprakstītās teikas atspoguļo tā perioda politisko, sociālo un kultūras struktūru. Divpadsmit stāsti satur tālaika domāšanu, dzīvesveida un vērtību sistēmas iezīmes. Lai izprastu stāstus, ir nepieciešams atklāt iepriekšējo periodu uzskatu sistēmas, episkā stāstījuma iezīmes un tālaika dzīves filozofiju. Kaut arī stāstos ir acīmredzamas pārejas pēdas no tjurku senās reliģijas – tengrisma – uz islāmu, redzami arī veidi, kā pagātnes vērtību sistēma tiek atspoguļota vēlāko periodu literatūrā. Simboli ir nozīmīgi daiļliteratūras elementi stāstos semantisko un formālo aspektu ziņā, tie tiek iekļauti stāstos kā tilts, kas pagātnes vērtības nodod nākamajām paaudzēm. Pagātnes vērtības ir kā elements, kas nodod svarīgu informāciju par kultūras struktūru. Izmantojot šo funkciju, “Mana vectēva Korkuda grāmatas” stāsti ir kultūras bagātība, kas sniedzas pagātnē un nākotnē.
ANALISIS WACANA SARA MILLS TENTANG KASUS KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP PEREMPUAN
Authors: Widiyaningrum Wahyu
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini membahas tentang wacana kekerasan seksual dalam pemberitaan Tribunnews.com dan Tirto.id. Fokus penelitian adalah menganalisa 1) bagaimana media online seperti Tribunnews.com dan Tirto.id dalam menampilkan representasi perempuan dalam teks, dan (2) mendeskripsikan bagaimana teks berita melakukan strategi pemunculan korban kekerasan seksual dalam pemberitaan media. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode analisis wacana Sara Mills. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Tribunnews.com belum menjadikan perempuan sebagai prioritas dalam teks berita. Penulis berita Tribunnews.com memposisikan perempuan dalam teks sebagai obyek dan adanya kecenderungan penulis menempatkan dirinya dalam perspektif laki-laki. Adapun hal sebaliknya dilakukan oleh media Tirto.id. Selanjutnya strategi pemunculan korban kekerasan dalam teks berita Tribunnews.com dilakukan dengan tiga cara yaitu secara karakter, focalization dan schemata. Tribunnews.com masih merepresentasikan citra perempuan sesuai dengan budaya patriarki secara umum.