bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robust Optimization Model with Shared Uncertain Parameters in Multi-Stage Logistics Production and Inventory Process
Authors: Xu Lijun , Zhou Yijia , Yu Bo
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we focus on a class of robust optimization problems whose objectives and constraints share the same uncertain parameters. The existing approaches separately address the worst cases of each objective and each constraint, and then reformulate the model by their respective dual forms in their worst cases. These approaches may result in that the value of uncertain parameters in the optimal solution may not be the same one as in the worst case of each constraint, since it is highly improbable to reach their worst cases simultaneously. In terms of being too conservative for this kind of robust model, we propose a new robust optimization model with shared uncertain parameters involving only the worst case of objectives. The proposed model is evaluated for the multi-stage logistics production and inventory process problem. The numerical experiment shows that the proposed robust optimization model can give a valid and reasonable decision in practice.
Control of Sequential MTO Reactions through an MFI-Type Zeolite Membrane Contactor
Authors: Tanizume Shusei , Yoshimura Toshihiro , Ishii Katsunori , Nomura Mikihiro
Published: February 2020

A membrane for controlling methanol-to-olefin (MTO) reactions was developed, which featured an MFI-type zeolite membrane (Si/Al = 25) that was synthesized on a porous α-alumina substrate using a secondary growth method. Here, the H2/SF6 permeance ratios were between 150 and 450. The methanol conversion rate was 70% with 38% ethylene selectivity and 28% propylene selectivity as determined using a cross-flow membrane contactor. In order to improve the olefin selectivity of the membrane, the MFI zeolite layer (Si/Al = ∞) was coated on an MFI-type zeolite membrane (Si/Al = 25). Using this two-layered membrane system, the olefin selectivity value increased to 85%; this was 19% higher than the value obtained during the single-layer membrane system.
Complements to Mügge and Friedel’s Theory of Twinning
Authors: Cayron Cyril
Published: February 2020

The crystallography of twinning is based on the concepts of simple shear and obliquity introduced by Mügge, Mallard and Friedel at the turn of the last century, with tensor mathematics later developed by Bilby, Bevis and Crocker in the 1960s. We propose a synthesis of these works by writing the three transformations (distortion, orientation and correspondence) as matrices in dyadic product forms. We show that a “normal” Friedelian mode is implicitly assumed. We introduce another mode called “tilted” that explains, with the simple twin index q = 1, some twins that were previously oddly reported with q = 2. We also interpret the type II twins, which are usually presented as the conjugate twins of type I twins, as simple shears a rational reciprocal plane, exactly as the type I twins are simple shears a rational direct plane. Finally, we explain why the term “twin” for variants inherited from a phase transformation is not appropriate, and we call for a generalization of the crystallography of twinning by considering epitaxial distortions and iso-orientation shears.
Characteristics of Supergene Gold of Karst Cavities of the Khokhoy Gold Ore Field (Aldan Shield, East Russia)
Authors: Anisimova Galina S. , Kondratieva Larisa A. , Kardashevskaia Veronika N.
Published: February 2020

Typomorphic features of supergene gold in karst cavities were studied in the recently discovered Au–Te–Sb–Tl deposit within the Khokhoy gold ore field of the Aldan-Stanovoy auriferous province (Aldan shield, East Russia). Two morphological types of supergene gold, massive and porous, are recognized there. The first type is represented by gold crystals and irregular mass, with the fineness ranging from 835 to 1000‰. They are closely associated with goethite, siderite, unnamed Fe, Te, and Tl carbonates, Tl tellurites/tellurates and antimonates, as well as avicennite with a Te impurity. The second type is represented by mustard gold of two types with different internal structure: microporous and dendritic. The supergene gold is characterized by persistently high fineness. Along with Ag, it invariably contains Hg (up to 5.78 wt%) and Bi, and, rarely, Pb, Cu, and Fe. The supergene gold is chemically homogeneous, and its particles are all marked by high fineness, without any rims or margins. The obtained characteristics made it possible to prove the existence of two genetic types of supergene gold. Mustard microporous gold is the result of the decomposition of the associated minerals—goethite, Tl oxides, tellurium, Fe, Mn and Tl carbonates and antimonates, containing microinclusions of gold. Massive gold and dendrites are newly formed. The decomposition, remobilization, and reprecipitation of residual gold nanoparticles and their aggregation led to the formation of dendrites, and with further crystal growth and filling of pores, to gold of massive morphology. In terms of morphology, internal structure, fineness, and trace element composition, supergene gold of the Khokhoy gold ore field is comparable to gold from the Kuranakh deposit (Russia) and the Carlin-type gold deposits. It also is similar to spungy and mustard gold from Au–Te and Au–Sb deposits, weathering crusts, and placers. Its main characteristic feature is a close paragenesis with Tl minerals.
Comparison of Different Categories of Slovak Tokaj Wines in Terms of Profiles of Volatile Organic Compounds
Authors: Furdíková Katarína , Machyňáková Andrea , Drtilová Tereza , Špánik Ivan
Published: February 2020

The present work deals with the characterization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in wines from the Slovak Tokaj wine region. Studied wine samples were divided into three groups—varietal wines from registered Tokaj vine varieties, film wines Tokajské samorodné dry, and naturally sweet botrytized wines Tokaj selections. The VOCs from wines were extracted using optimized solid phase microextraction (SPME) and analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) coupled to high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HRTOF-MS). In total, 176 VOCs were identified in all 46 studied samples. It was found that the total number of VOCs in varietal wines was generally higher than in botrytized wines. All three studied categories showed characteristic VOC profiles with significant differences. Varietal wines were characterized by higher concentrations of esters and terpenoids originating from grapes. The presence of γ-octalactone, (E)-6-methylhept-2-en-4-one, and lack of benzaldehyde were typical for Tokajské samorodné dry. Tokaj selections expressed the highest concentration of diethyl malate, benzaldehyde, and furfurals. Several interesting trends were also observed. The concentration of fermentation products was highest in varietal wines, while long-term matured Tokaj special wines were typified by the presence of compounds related to noble-rotten raisins (2-phenylacetaldehyde, ethyl 2-phenylacetate, and 2-phenylethanol), wood (cis-whisky lactone), and aging (1,1,6-trimethyl-2H-naphthalene, furfural, and 5-methylfurfural).
Tricyclic Nucleobase Analogs and Their Ribosides as Substrates and Inhibitors of Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylases III. Aminopurine Derivatives
Authors: Stachelska-Wierzchowska Alicja , Wierzchowski Jacek , Górka Michał , Bzowska Agnieszka , Stolarski Ryszard , Wielgus-Kutrowska Beata
Published: February 2020

Etheno-derivatives of 2-aminopurine, 2-aminopurine riboside, and 7-deazaadenosine (tubercidine) were prepared and purified using standard methods. 2-Aminopurine reacted with aqueous chloroacetaldehyde to give two products, both exhibiting substrate activity towards bacterial (E. coli) purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) in the reverse (synthetic) pathway. The major product of the chemical synthesis, identified as 1,N2-etheno-2-aminopurine, reacted slowly, while the second, minor, but highly fluorescent product, reacted rapidly. NMR analysis allowed identification of the minor product as N2,3-etheno-2-aminopurine, and its ribosylation product as N2,3-etheno-2-aminopurine-N2-β-d-riboside. Ribosylation of 1,N2-etheno-2-aminopurine led to analogous N2-β-d-riboside of this base. Both enzymatically produced ribosides were readily phosphorolysed by bacterial PNP to the respective bases. The reaction of 2-aminopurine-N9-β -d-riboside with chloroacetaldehyde gave one major product, clearly distinct from that obtained from the enzymatic synthesis, which was not a substrate for PNP. A tri-cyclic 7-deazaadenosine (tubercidine) derivative was prepared in an analogous way and shown to be an effective inhibitor of the E. coli, but not of the mammalian enzyme. Fluorescent complexes of amino-purine analogs with E. coli PNP were observed.
Curcumin, an Active Constituent of Turmeric Spice: Implication in the Prevention of Lung Injury Induced by Benzo(a) Pyrene (BaP) in Rats
Authors: Almatroodi Saleh A. , Alrumaihi Faris , Alsahli Mohammed A. , Alhommrani Mazen Fahad , Khan Arif , Rahmani Arshad Husain
Published: February 2020

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a well-known carcinogen and enhances oxidative stress and apoptosis and also alters several molecular pathways. Curcumin is an active ingredient of Curcuma longa, and it has potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity that defends cells from oxidative stress and cell death. The objectives of the present study were to explore the protective effects of curcumin against long-term administration of BaP induced disturbances in lungs of rats. Male rats were randomly divided into four groups: saline control, BaP only, BaP + curcumin, and curcumin only. Lung histopathology, electron microscopy, inflammatory cytokine release, antioxidant levels, apoptosis, and cell cycle were examined. Instillation of BaP significantly increased infiltration of inflammatory cells in alveolar space and inflammatory cytokine in blood. BaP induced lung tissue alterations including mild bronchitis, scant chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate in the wall of the respiratory bronchiole, and mild intra-alveolar haemorrhage. However, these alterations were found to be significantly less as mild inflammatory cell infiltrate in curcumin plus BaP treated group. Furthermore, electron microscopy results also showed necrotic changes and broken cell membrane of Type-II epithelial cell of alveoli in BaP group, which was reduced after adding curcumin treatment. In addition, we found BaP plus curcumin treatment effectively reduced inflammatory cytokines Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in blood serum. Moreover, the levels of tunnel staining and p53 expression were significantly increased by BaP, whereas these changes were noticeably modulated after curcumin treatment. BaP also interferes in normal cell cycle, which was significantly improved with curcumin treatment. Overall, our findings suggest that curcumin attenuates BaP -induced lung injury, probably through inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in lung epithelial cells, and improving cell proliferation and antioxidants level. Thus, curcumin may be an alternative therapy for improving the outcomes of Benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung injury.
Relationship between Inflammatory Food Consumption and Age-Related Hearing Loss in a Prospective Observational Cohort: Results from the Salus in Apulia Study
Authors: Sardone Rodolfo , Lampignano Luisa , Guerra Vito , Zupo Roberta , Donghia Rossella , Castellana Fabio , Battista Petronilla , Bortone Ilaria , Procino Filippo , Castellana Marco , Passantino Andrea , Rucco Roberta , Lozupone Madia , Seripa Davide , Panza Francesco , De Pergola Giovanni , Giannelli Gianluigi , Logroscino Giancarlo , Boeing Heiner , Quaranta Nicola
Published: February 2020

Age related hearing loss (ARHL) affects about one third of the elderly population. It is suggested that the senescence of the hair cells could be modulated by inflammation. Thus, intake of anti- and pro-inflammatory foods is of high interest. Methods: From the MICOL study population, 734 participants were selected that participated in the 2013 to 2018 examination including hearing ability and from which past data collected in 2005/2008 was available. ARHL status was determined and compared cross-sectionally and retrospectively according to clinical and lifestyle data including food and micronutrient intake. Results: ARHL status was associated with higher age but not with education, smoking, relative weight (BMI), and clinical-chemical blood markers in the crossectional and retrospective analyses. Higher intake of fruit juices among ARHL-participants was seen cross-sectionally, and of sugary foods, high-caloric drinks, beer, and spirits retrospectively. No difference was found for the other 26 food groups and for dietary micronutrients with the exception of past vitamin A, which was higher among normal hearing subjects. Conclusions: Pro-inflammatory foods with a high-sugar content and also beer and spirits were found to be assocated with positive ARHL-status, but not anti-inflammatory foods. Diet could be a candidate for lifestyle advice for the prevention of ARHL.
Feeding the Outer Bran Fraction of Rice Alters Hepatic Carbohydrate Metabolism in Rats
Authors: Kawaguchi Mana , Nishikoba Nao , Shimamoto Saki , Tomonaga Shozo , Kohrogi Rukana , Yamauchi Yoko , Fujita Yoshikazu , Ohtsuka Akira , Ijiri Daichi
Published: February 2020

Dietary intake of fiber-rich food has been reported to contribute to multiple health benefits. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effects of a diet containing the outer bran fraction of rice (OBFR), which is rich in insoluble fiber, on the intestinal environment and metabolite profiles of rats. Fourteen 8-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into a control group and an OBFR group. For a period of 21 days, the control group was fed a control diet, while the OBFR group was fed a diet containing 5% OBFR. Metabolomics analysis revealed drastic changes in the cecal metabolites of the rats fed the OBFR diet. Furthermore, in the plasma and liver tissue, the concentrations of metabolites involved in pyruvate metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, gluconeogenesis, or valine, leucine, isoleucine degradation were changed. Concordantly, the OBFR diet increased the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in these metabolic pathways in the livers of the rats. Collectively, these results suggest that the OBFR diet altered the concentrations of metabolites in the cecal contents, plasma, and liver, and the hepatic gene expressions of rats, and that this may have mainly contributed to carbohydrate metabolism in the liver.
Overexpression of Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Enhanced Sucrose Content and Biomass Production in Transgenic Sugarcane
Authors: Anur Risky Mulana , Mufithah Nurul , Sawitri Widhi Dyah , Sakakibara Hitoshi , Sugiharto Bambang
Published: February 2020

Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is a key enzyme in sucrose synthesis, which controls sucrose content in plants. This study was designed to examine the efficacy of the overexpression of SoSPS1 gene on sucrose accumulation and carbon partitioning in transgenic sugarcane. The overexpression of SoSPS1 gene increased SPS activity and sucrose content in transgenic sugarcane leaves. More importantly, the overexpression enhanced soluble acid invertase (SAI) activity concomitant with the increase of glucose and fructose levels in the leaves, whereas sucrose synthase activity exhibited almost no change. In the stalk, a similar correlation was observed, but a higher correlation was noted between SPS activity and sugar content. These results suggest that SPS overexpression has both direct and indirect effects on sugar concentration and SAI activity in sugarcane. In addition, SPS overexpression resulted in a significant increase in plant height and stalk number in some transgenic lines compared to those in non-transgenic control. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that enhancing SPS activity is a useful strategy for improving sugarcane yield.
The Phytotoxic Potential of the Flowering Foliage of Gorse (Ulex europaeus) and Scotch Broom (Cytisus scoparius), as Pre-Emergent Weed Control in Maize in a Glasshouse Pot Experiment
Authors: Pardo-Muras María , Puig Carolina G. , Souza-Alonso Pablo , Pedrol Nuria
Published: February 2020

In our previous studies, the phytotoxicity of Ulex europaeus (gorse) and Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom) was demonstrated in vitro and argued to be caused by the release of volatile and water-soluble compounds from fresh plant foliage. In light of these positive results, there was a need to test the effects ex vitro. In this work, gorse and Scotch broom were used as soil amendments in pot experiments in a glasshouse by incorporating slashed plant material into the soil at a ratio of 1% w/w on a dry mass basis. The phytotoxic effects on the emergence and early growth of maize and five accompanying weed species were analyzed, as were the effect on soil fertility and soil community-level physiological profiles. Thirty days after incorporation, significant decreases in weed density of 32.2% and 59.5% were found for gorse and Scotch broom soil amendments, respectively. Gorse soil amendment was notably effective impairing the establishment of Amaranthus retroflexus and diminishing the plant height of Digitaria sanguinalis and Portulaca oleracea. Scotch broom soil amendment was capable of significantly inhibiting the emergence of D. sanguinalis, Convolvulus arvensis, P. oleracea, and A. retroflexus, with a notable reduction of weed biomass. No undesirable side effects on maize crop or soil quality, including microbial activity, were detected. Our results suggest that the incorporation of gorse and Scotch broom foliage is promising for pre-emergent weed control in maize; however, field trials that support and expand these glasshouse results are essential.
Opportunities and Scope for Botanical Extracts and Products for the Management of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) for Smallholders in Africa
Authors: Rioba Naomi B. , Stevenson Philip C.
Published: February 2020

Fall Armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a polyphagous and highly destructive pest of many crops. It was recently introduced into Africa and now represents a serious threat to food security, particularly because of yield losses in maize, which is the staple food for the majority of small-scale farmers in Africa. The pest has also led to increased production costs, and threatens trade because of quarantines imposed on produce from the affected countries. There is limited specific knowledge on its management among smallholders since it is such a new pest in Africa. Some synthetic insecticides have been shown to be effective in controlling FAW, but in addition to the economic, health and environmental challenges of pesticide use insecticide resistance is highly prevalent owing to years of FAW management in the Americas. Therefore, there is a need for the development and use of alternatives for the management of FAW. These include plant-derived pesticides. Here we review the efficacy and potential of 69 plant species, which have been evaluated against FAW, and identify opportunities for use among small-scale maize farmers with a focus on how pesticidal plants might be adopted in Africa for management of FAW. The biological activities were diverse and included insecticidal, insectistatic (causing increased larval duration), larvicidal, reduced growth and acute toxicity (resulting in adverse effects within a short time after exposure). While most of these studies have been conducted on American plant taxa many South American plants are now cosmopolitan weeds so these studies are relevant to the African context.
Co-Translational Protein Folding and Sorting in Chloroplasts
Authors: Ries Fabian , Herkt Claudia , Willmund Felix
Published: February 2020

Cells depend on the continuous renewal of their proteome composition during the cell cycle and in order to replace aberrant proteins or to react to changing environmental conditions. In higher eukaryotes, protein synthesis is achieved by up to five million ribosomes per cell. With the fast kinetics of translation, the large number of newly made proteins generates a substantial burden for protein homeostasis and requires a highly orchestrated cascade of factors promoting folding, sorting and final maturation. Several of the involved factors directly bind to translating ribosomes for the early processing of emerging nascent polypeptides and the translocation of ribosome nascent chain complexes to target membranes. In plant cells, protein synthesis also occurs in chloroplasts serving the expression of a relatively small set of 60–100 protein-coding genes. However, most of these proteins, together with nucleus-derived subunits, form central complexes majorly involved in the essential processes of photosynthetic light reaction, carbon fixation, metabolism and gene expression. Biogenesis of these heterogenic complexes adds an additional level of complexity for protein biogenesis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about co-translationally binding factors in chloroplasts and discuss their role in protein folding and ribosome translocation to thylakoid membranes.
Robust Model Selection: Flatness-Based Optimal Experimental Design for a Biocatalytic Reaction
Authors: Schulze Moritz , Schenkendorf René
Published: February 2020

Considering the competitive and strongly regulated pharmaceutical industry, mathematical modeling and process systems engineering might be useful tools for implementing quality by design (QbD) and quality by control (QbC) strategies for low-cost but high-quality drugs. However, a crucial task in modeling (bio)pharmaceutical manufacturing processes is the reliable identification of model candidates from a set of various model hypotheses. To identify the best experimental design suitable for a reliable model selection and system identification is challenging for nonlinear (bio)pharmaceutical process models in general. This paper is the first to exploit differential flatness for model selection problems under uncertainty, and thus translates the model selection problem to advanced concepts of systems theory and controllability aspects, respectively. Here, the optimal controls for improved model selection trajectories are expressed analytically with low computational costs. We further demonstrate the impact of parameter uncertainties on the differential flatness-based method and provide an effective robustification strategy with the point estimate method for uncertainty quantification. In a simulation study, we consider a biocatalytic reaction step simulating the carboligation of aldehydes, where we successfully derive optimal controls for improved model selection trajectories under uncertainty.
Acid and Enzymatic Fractionation of Olive Stones for Ethanol Production Using Pachysolen tannophilus
Authors: Cuevas Manuel , Saleh Marwa , García-Martín Juan F. , Sánchez Sebastián
Published: February 2020

Olive stones are an abundant lignocellulose material in the countries of the Mediterranean basin that could be transformed to bioethanol by biochemical pathways. In this work, olive stones were subjected to fractionation by means of a high-temperature dilute-acid pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated solids. The hydrolysates obtained in these steps were separately subjected to fermentation with the yeast Pachysolen tannophilus ATCC 32691. Response surface methodology with two independent variables (temperature and reaction time) was applied for optimizing D-xylose production from the raw material by dilute acid pretreatment with 0.01 M sulfuric acid. The highest D-xylose yield in the liquid fraction was obtained in the pretreatment at 201 °C for 5.2 min. The inclusion of a detoxification step of the acid prehydrolysate, by vacuum distillation, allowed the fermentation of the sugars into ethanol and xylitol. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated solids was solely effective when using high enzyme loadings, thus leading to easily fermentable hydrolysates into ethanol. The mass macroscopic balances of the overall process illustrated that the amount of inoculum used in the fermentation of the acid prehydrolysates strongly affected the ethanol and xylitol yields.
The Application of a New PID Autotuning Method for the Steam/Water Loop in Large Scale Ships
Authors: Zhao Shiquan , Liu Sheng , De Keyser Robain , Ionescu Clara-Mihaela
Published: February 2020

In large scale ships, the most used controllers for the steam/water loop are still the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers. However, the tuning rules for the PID parameters are based on empirical knowledge and the performance for the loops is not satisfying. In order to improve the control performance of the steam/water loop, the application of a recently developed PID autotuning method is studied. Firstly, a ‘forbidden region’ on the Nyquist plane can be obtained based on user-defined performance requirements such as robustness or gain margin and phase margin. Secondly, the dynamic of the system can be obtained with a sine test around the operation point. Finally, the PID controller’s parameters can be obtained by locating the frequency response of the controlled system at the edge of the ‘forbidden region’. To verify the effectiveness of the new PID autotuning method, comparisons are presented with other PID autotuning methods, as well as the model predictive control. The results show the superiority of the new PID autotuning method.
Data Analytic Approaches for Mining Process Improvement—Machinery Utilization Use Case
Authors: Brzychczy Edyta , Gackowiec Paulina , Liebetrau Mirko
Published: February 2020

This paper investigates the application of process mining methodology on the processes of a mobile asset in mining operations as a means of identifying opportunities to improve the operational efficiency of such. Industry 4.0 concepts with related extensive digitalization of industrial processes enable the acquisition of a huge amount of data that can and should be used for improving processes and decision-making. Utilizing this data requires appropriate data processing and data analysis schemes. In the processing and analysis stage, most often, a broad spectrum of data mining algorithms is applied. These are data-oriented methods and they are incapable of mapping the cause-effect relationships between process activities. However, in this scope, the importance of process-oriented analytical methods is increasingly emphasized, namely process mining (PM). PM techniques are a relatively new approach, which enable the construction of process models and their analytics based on data from enterprise IT systems (data are provided in the form of so-called event logs). The specific working environment and a multitude of sensors relevant for the working process causes the complexity of mining processes, especially in underground operations. Hence, an individual approach for event log preparation and gathering contextual information to be utilized in process analysis and improvement is mandatory. This paper describes the first application of the concept of PM to investigate the normal working process of a roof bolter, operating in an underground mine. By applying PM, the irregularities of the operational scheme of this mobile asset have been identified. Some irregularities were categorized as inefficiencies that are caused by either failure of machinery or suboptimal utilization of the same. In both cases, the results achieved by applying PM to the activity log of the mobile asset are relevant for identifying the potential for improving the efficiency of the overall working process.
Mobile Computing for Disaster Emergency Management: Empirical Requirements Analysis for a Cooperative Crowdsourced System for Emergency Management Operation
Authors: Astarita Vittorio , Giofrè Vincenzo Pasquale , Guido Giuseppe , Stefano Giulio , Vitale Alessandro
Published: February 2020

In large-scale civil emergencies such as floods, earthquakes, and extreme weather conditions, extended geographic areas and a great number of people may be affected by the unfortunate events. The wireless internet and the widespread diffusion of smart-phones and mobile devices make it possible to introduce new systems for emergency management. These systems could improve the efficiency of the interventions by transferring information between affected areas and a central decision support system. Information on the state of the infrastructures, on people displacement, and on every other important and urgent issue can be gathered in the disaster area. The central system can manage all the received information and communicate decisions back to people and also facilitate the exchange of information for different people that are still in the disaster area. This paper presents a requirement analysis for these kinds of systems. The presented analysis allows better tailoring of the features of these systems with the aim to meet the real need of emergency management operators and citizens.
Rapid Recent Recovery from Acidic Deposition in Central Ontario Lakes
Authors: Watmough Shaun A. , Eimers M. Catherine
Published: February 2020

In many regions, chemical recovery in lakes from acidic deposition has been generally slower than expected due to a variety of factors, including continued soil acidification, climate-induced sulphate (SO4) loading to lakes and increases in organic acidity. In central Ontario, Canada, atmospheric sulphur (S) deposition decreased by approximately two-thirds between 1982 and 2015, with half of this reduction occurring between 2005 and 2015. Chemical recovery in the seven lakes was limited prior to 2005, with only small increases in pH, Gran alkalinity and charge-balance ANC (acid-neutralizing capacity). This was because lake SO4 concentrations closely followed changes in S deposition, and decreases in base cation concentration closely matched declines in SO4. However, decreases in S deposition and lake SO4 were more pronounced post-2005, and much smaller decreases in lake base cation concentrations relative to SO4 resulted in large and rapid increases in pH, alkalinity and ANC. Dissolved organic carbon concentrations in lakes increased over the study period, but had a limited effect on lake recovery. Clear chemical recovery of these lakes only occurred after 2005, coinciding with a period of dramatic declines in S deposition.
An Exploration of the Value of Timeless Design Styles for the Consumer Acceptance of Refurbished Products
Authors: Wallner Theresa S. , Magnier Lise , Mugge Ruth
Published: February 2020

The prior use and age make refurbished products a less desirable option because they are perceived to be of lower quality, to have a reduced performance and a less attractive appearance. This research investigates one strategy on how to enhance the appearance of refurbished products and thereby encourage circular consumption via refurbishment. In 21 in-depth interviews, we explore whether embodying refurbished products in a timeless design can serve as a potential strategy to influence consumer acceptance of refurbished products. Specifically, we examined two design styles that were proposed as timeless: the neo-retro design style, which evokes nostalgia and benefits from associations with the past, and the simplistic design style, that is independent of cultural or time-related cues. Our findings provided qualitative support that the neo-retro and the simplistic design styles can improve consumers’ evaluations of refurbished products. Both design styles were considered to be timeless and elicited favorable associations in consumers. While refurbished products, following a neo-retro design style, evoked positive associations with old products, such as feelings of nostalgia and the good quality of the past, simplistic products benefited from associations with durability and associations with high-quality brands.
Detection Method of Data Integrity in Network Storage Based on Symmetrical Difference
Authors: Ding Xiaona
Published: February 2020

In order to enhance the recall and the precision performance of data integrity detection, a method to detect the network storage data integrity based on symmetric difference was proposed. Through the complete automatic image annotation system, the crawler technology was used to capture the image and related text information. According to the automatic word segmentation, pos tagging and Chinese word segmentation, the feature analysis of text data was achieved. Based on the symmetrical difference algorithm and the background subtraction, the feature extraction of image data was realized. On the basis of data collection and feature extraction, the sentry data segment was introduced, and then the sentry data segment was randomly selected to detect the data integrity. Combined with the accountability scheme of data security of the trusted third party, the trusted third party was taken as the core. The online state judgment was made for each user operation. Meanwhile, credentials that cannot be denied by both parties were generated, and thus to prevent the verifier from providing false validation results. Experimental results prove that the proposed method has high precision rate, high recall rate, and strong reliability.
Discrepancies Between Protocols of Immunization Targeting Internationally Adopted Children in Western Countries
Authors: Alimenti Cecilia Maria , Bechini Angela , Boccalini Sara , Bonanni Paolo , Galli Luisa , Chiappini Elena
Published: February 2020

The immunization status of Internationally Adopted Children (IAC) newly arrived in the adoptive country require a timely assessment and completion of necessary vaccinations. In fact, due to their frequent suboptimal immunization status, IAC are at high risk for vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs). Comparative analysis of immunization protocols adopted in European countries, United States, and Canada disclosed different approaches to the immunization of these children. In order to guarantee the continuity of paediatric immunization schedules that may have been interrupted in countries of origin, a homogeneous and internationally shared standard of immunization in the management of IAC should be provided.
CFD Investigations of Transient Cavitation Flows in Pipeline Based on Weakly-Compressible Model
Authors: Tang Xuelin , Duan Xiangyu , Gao Hui , Li Xiaoqin , Shi Xiaoyan
Published: February 2020

In hydraulic systems, transient flow often occurs and may results in cavitation in pipelines. In this paper, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method based on the Fluent software was used to investigate the cavitation flow in pipeline; the density-pressure model was incorporated into the continuity equation by using further development of UDF (user defined function), which reflects the variable wave speed of the transient cavitation flow, and the related algorithms were established based on weakly compressible fluid Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) techniques. Firstly, the numerical simulations of the transient non-cavitation and cavitation flows caused by the fast closing valve in the reservoir-pipe-valve system were carried out by using the grid slip technique. The simulation results can enrich the flow field information such as velocity, pressure and vapor volume fraction. Through the evolution process of the pressure field, the propagation characteristics of pressure waves can be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Through the evolution process of the velocity field, it can be seen that the velocity distribution in the wall area changes rapidly and has a high gradient, which mainly depends on the viscosity. However, the change of the velocity distribution in the core region is related to the velocity distribution of the history of the past time, which mainly depends on the diffusion. The formation, development and collapse of the cavity can be successfully captured, and it can be clearly and visually observed that the uneven distribution of vapor cavity in the direction of pipe length and pipe diameter, and the vapor cavity move slowly along the top of the pipe wall. Rarefaction wave’s propagation into pressure decreasing region and pressure increasing region can lead to different results of cavitation flow. The accuracy and reliability of the weakly compressible fluid RANS method were verified by comparing the calculated results with the experimental data.
Pensar o mundo aos pedaços
Authors: Bertazi Marcio Henrique
Published: February 2020

As transformações contemporâneas cada vez mais aceleradas que perpassam a sociedade trazem à história ambiental o compromisso de entender as rupturas e permanências entre a cultura e a natureza. Também consistem em uma fecunda oportunidade para se pensar novas possibilidades do devir histórico. Este artigo objetiva discutir brevemente como textos filosóficos (enquanto fontes de pesquisas) podem auxiliar tal atividade. A partir do conceito de ecologia profunda, no qual equilíbrio, estabilidade e diversidade fundem-se na complexidade, apresentamos um exercício metodológico que parte do mecanicismo cartesiano e desemboca no organicismo kantiano.
“Os fins lógicos nos escapam”: a crítica da alienação em André Breton
Authors: Fortaleza de Aquino João Emiliano
Published: February 2020

O artigo tematiza a crítica da lógica e do racionalismo de André Breton, buscando mostrar que ela se volta a uma experiência social na qual os fins das atividades humanas escapam aos homens. Por isso, sua crítica da personalidade coerente consigo mesma, da consequência das ações, do trabalho e da obra. Contra essas formas alienadas das atividades humanas, Breton reivindica um conceito de homem determinado pelos desejos e vocacionado à perda e à errância; e, nisso opõe a verdadeira vida (vraie vie) à vida real (vie réele). A hipótese central do artigo é a aproximação da crítica de Breton da crítica da alienação apresentada pela crítica da economia política de Marx.
Bauhaus e a puravisualidade
Authors: De Souza Rodrigo Mendes
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo percorre a extensão que a teoria da puravisualidade (Sichtbarkeit) adquire nos programas e na prática pedagógica da Bauhaus, como também as tensões e as distensões desta teoria com a objetividade (Sachlichkeit), representada pela produção do arquiteto e teórico Gottfried Semper. Para tanto, as referências são os textos de Konrad Fiedler, Adolf von Hildebrand, Alois Riegl, expoentes desta primeira corrente estética de matriz neokantiana. Assim, estas obras são contrastadas com os escritos do fundador da Bauhaus, Walter Gropius, e a produção dos alunos da escola durante o curso preliminar – Vorkurs –, fundado por Johannes Itten e, depois, legado a Laszlo Moholy-Nagy e Josef Albers.
Walter Benjamin. "Pinturas chinesas na Bibliothèque Nationale".
Authors: Del Lama Fernando Araújo
Published: February 2020

Tradução de: BENJAMIN, W. “Peintures chinoises à la Bibliothèque Nationale” in: _____.

Gesammelte Schriften. (Hrsg. von Rolf Tiedemann und Hermann Schweppenhäuser). Band IV – Kleine Prosa, Baudelaire-Übertragungen; hrsg. von Tillman Rexroth. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1991, pp. 601-5.
Genel Sinizm ve Örgütsel Sinizm İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÖNDEŞ Emine , İRMİŞ Ayşe
Published: February 2020

Araştırmanın amacı
bireylerin genel sinizm ve örgütsel sinizm düzeylerini saptamak ve genel sinizm
ile örgütsel sinizm arasındaki ilişkiyi irdelemektir. Araştırmada 5’li Likert
Ölçeği kullanılmış ve anketler Denizli’de yer alan tekstil firmalarında uygulanmıştır.
Araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturabilmek için 210 adet anket dağıtılmış ancak
156 adet anket üzerinde analiz yapılabilmiştir. Genel sinizm eğilimini ölçmek
amacıyla Wrightsman’ın 1992’de geliştirdiği, Erdost ve diğerlerinin uyarladığı
on sorudan oluşan genel sinizm ölçeği, örgütsel sinizm eğilimini ölçmek
amacıyla ise Brandes’in 1997’de geliştirdiği Kalağan (2009)’ın uyarladığı
bilişsel, duyuşsal ve davranışsal olarak üç boyuttan oluşan on üç sorunun yer
aldığı örgütsel sinizm ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler istatistiksel
analize tabi tutularak yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma bulguları sonucunda genel
sinizm ve örgütsel sinizm arasında düşük ama anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur.
Genel sinizm ve örgütsel sinizmin boyutları arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde
ise genel sinizmin etkisi en çok örgütsel sinizmin bilişsel boyutu üzerinde
görülmektedir. Genel sinizmin davranışsal boyut üzerindeki etkisinin orta
düzeyde ve anlamlı, duyuşsal boyut üzerindeki etkisinin ise düşük seviyede ve
anlamlı olduğu görülmektedir.
Ответственность за оправдание геноцида, преступления против человечества, преступления против мира и военного преступления в уголовном законе Латвийской Республики
Authors: Trels Eriks
Published: February 2020

ccording to the Section 1 of the Council of European Union Framework Decision 2008/913/JHA on combating certain forms and expressions of racism and xenophobia by means of criminal law, each Member State shall take the measures necessary to ensure that the following intentional conduct is punishable: publicly condoning, denying or grossly trivialising crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. Section 74.1 ―Acquittal of Genocide, Crime against Humanity‖ of the Criminal Law provides for liability in the public glorification of genocide, crime against humanity, crime against peace or war crime or glorification, denial, acquittal or gross trivialisation of committed genocide, crime against humanity, crime against peace or war crime, including genocide, crime against humanity, crime against peace or war crime committed by the U.S.S.R. or Nazi Germany against the Republic of Latvia and its inhabitants. The article aims to initiate a debate on potential problems related to the application of the Section 74.1 ―Acquittal of Genocide, Crime against Humanity‖ of the Criminal Law. The author offers his vision of the regulatory framework application problems.
The influence of the industrial policy of Latvia on the country’s economy
Authors: Stecenko Inna , Alekseev Andrei
Published: February 2020

The goal of this article is to show the role of the production sector in the economy of Latvia. The authors carried out the comparative analysis of the implementation of the production policy in the Baltic States. The methodology assumes the system approach to problem solving, providing unity of the following qualitative and quantitative methods: Monographic document analysis method (makes it possible to carry out a detailed study based on the extensive scientific literature review and law); Statistical research method. The authors of the article also used the cross correlation analysis (correlation analysis, regression analysis) to study the concept of production policy, its objectives and types, as well as pay special attention to the transformation of the definition of ―the production policy‖ in the modern economy. A comparative analysis of implementation of the Europe 2020 program in the Baltic States and its main indicators was also carried out. The implementation of the production policy was examined: export – import operations in the industry and the level of salaries. Using econometric methods (correlation of Spearman, Pearson and tau Kendall) the authors have shown the relationship between the investments in research and development, the level of salaries and export – import operations in the production sector.
Prolegomena do badań kultury ratownictwa
Authors: Gromek Paweł
Published: February 2020

The paper presents an outline of the rescue culture in Poland. It was achieved by the specification of the research object, building and characterizing the ideal model of the rescue culture, as well as description of the general culture determinants. The hypothesis was acknowledged with the use of theoretical research methods. The author found out that the ideal model can be built on the base of the Cieślarczyk‘s security culture model, taking into consideration all areas of the rescue operations. Whereas relevant determinants have their main source in rescue entities specification. The determinants are expressed by commonly accepted values, established standards, expressed patterns and behaviors as well as conducted operations (including emergency cooperation).
KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER VERSUS GOOD SOCIETY OF THE SECOND LA BELLE EPOQUE
Authors: Pietruszka-Ortyl Anna
Published: February 2020

Currently, we are witnessing the second la belle epoque characterised by huge economic and social inequalities. Striving for a good state of society aims to reduce the inequalities conditioned by access to knowledge. One of the methods to reach this goal can consist of the conscious shaping of knowledge transfer between particular groups of knowledge agents. representing diverse, often overlapping, social and organisational categories. The purpose of this study is to check what sub-processes of knowledge transfer are implemented in specific groups of knowledge agents and what their context is from the perspective of the tools used, the main principles and the standards of behaviour. The main research hypothesis is that the course of knowledge transfer process depends on the fact of which groups of knowledge agents it concerns. Using the method of critical analysis and surveys supported by in-depth interviews, it was determined that knowledge sharing is the domain of professionals and the intergenerational dimension of knowledge transfer. Knowledge acquisition is most often carried out at the level of specialists' relations with other employees and at the intergenerational level. Knowledge sharing is a domain of specialists, and usually takes place during their contacts with other employees, while knowledge dissemination is the prime sub-process of the hierarchical dimension of knowledge transfer.
ESTABILIDAD TÉRMICA DE ACEITE VIRGEN DE COCO OBTENIDO DE DOS CULTIVARES CRECIDOS EN GUERRERO, MÉXICO
Authors: Elodio-Policarpo Fabiola , Peñaloza-Herrera Brenda , Maldonado-Astudillo Yanik I. , Jimenez-Hernandez Javier , Flores-Casamayor Verónica , Arámbula-Villa Gerónimo , Salazar Ricardo
Published: February 2020

El interés por el aceite virgen de coco ha crecido en los últimos años debido a sus efectos benéficos para la salud y a sus características fisicoquímicas y sensoriales atractivas para el consumidor. En este estudio se evaluó la estabilidad térmica del aceite virgen de coco extraido a partir de dos cultivares crecidos en el estado de Guerrero, México. Los resultados se compararon con un aceite de coco virgen comercial. Los aceites estudiados mostraron una composición similar de ácidos grasos. Se determinó el cambio en el contenido de ácidos grasos libres, fenoles y flavonoides totales, color, espectro de infrarrojo y valores de los coeficientes de extinción K232 y K270 de los aceites durante 5 d almacenados a 80, 100 y 120 ºC en un horno de convección forzada. El contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales para el aceite virgen de coco comercial (AVCC), aceite virgen elaborado del cocotero Híbrido Mapan (AVCHM) y aceite virgen elaborado del cocotero Alto del Pacífico (AVCAP) fue 3.00 ± 0.30, 60.04 ± 4.10 y 78.00 ± 6.20 mg equivalentes de ácido gálico 100 g-1 aceite, respectivamente. Los AVCHM y AVCAP de Guerrero, México mostraron una estabilidad oxidativa significativamente mayor al AVCC (P ≤ 0.05). Lo anterior se concluyó al no observar cambios importantes en el valor de índice de peróxidos, porcentaje de ácidos grasos, coeficientes de extinción K232 y K270 y ángulo matiz. La presencia de compuestos oxidados después del almacenamiento se demostró con espectroscopía infrarroja a través de los cambios en las frecuencias 1746 y 3470 cm-1 que corresponden a la presencia de compuestos carbonílicos e hidroperóxidos, respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio indican que los aceites de coco artesanales elaborados en Guerrero, México tienen un mayor potencial tecnológico por su elevado contenido de compuestos fenólicos y mayor estabilidad oxidativa en comparación con el aceite de coco comercial.