bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disease mapping: Geographic differences in population rates of interventional treatment for prostate cancer in Australia
Authors: Cameron Jessica K. , Chandrasiri Upeksha , Millar Jeremy , Aitken Joanne F. , Cramb Susanna , Dunn Jeff , Frydenberg Mark , Rashid Prem , Mengersen Kerrie , Chambers Suzanne K. , Baade Peter D. , Smith David P.
Published: November 2023

Background

Treatment decisions for men diagnosed with prostate cancer depend on a range of clinical and patient characteristics such as disease stage, age, general health, risk of side effects and access. Associations between treatment patterns and area-level factors such as remoteness and socioeconomic disadvantage have been observed in many countries.

Objective

To model spatial differences in interventional treatment rates for prostate cancer at high spatial resolution to inform policy and decision-making.

Methods

Hospital separations data for interventional treatments for prostate cancer (radical prostatectomy, low dose rate and high dose rate brachytherapy) for men aged 40 years and over were modelled using spatial models, generalised linear mixed models, maximised excess events tests and k-means statistical clustering.

Results

Geographic differences in population rates of interventional treatments were found (p<0.001). Separation rates for radical prostatectomy were lower in remote areas (12.2 per 10 000 person-years compared with 15.0–15.9 in regional and major city areas). Rates for all treatments decreased with increasing socioeconomic disadvantage (radical prostatectomy 19.1 /10 000 person-years in the most advantaged areas compared with 12.9 in the most disadvantaged areas). Three groups of similar areas were identified: those with higher rates of radical prostatectomy, those with higher rates of low dose brachytherapy, and those with low interventional treatment rates but higher rates of excess deaths. The most disadvantaged areas and remote areas tended to be in the latter group.

Conclusions

The geographic differences in treatment rates may partly reflect differences in patients’ physical and financial access to treatments. Treatment rates also depend on diagnosis rates and thus reflect variation in investigation rates for prostate cancer and presentation of disease. Spatial variation in interventional treatments may aid identification of areas of under-treatment or over-treatment.
Evaluation of push-out bond strength, dentinal tubule penetration and adhesive pattern of bio-ceramic and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers
Authors: Karobari Mohmed Isaqali , Batul Rumesa , Snigdha Niher Tabassum Siddiqua , AL-Rawas Matheel , Noorani Tahir Yusuf
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Root canal sealing materials play a crucial role in an endodontic procedure by forming a bond between the dentinal walls and the gutta-percha. The current study aims to analyse the dentinal tubule penetration and adhesive pattern, including the push-out bond strength of six commercially available root canal sealers.

Methodology

Eighty-four mandibular first premolars were split into seven groups (and n = 12), Group 1: Dia-Root, Group 2: One-Fil, Group 3: BioRoot RCS, Group 4: AH Plus, Group 5: CeraSeal, Group 6: iRoot SP, Group 7: GP without sealer (control). Two groups were made, one for dentinal tubule penetration and the other for push-out bond strength; the total sample size was one hundred sixty-eight. Root canal treatment was performed using a method called the crown down technique, and for obturation, the single cone technique was used. A confocal laser scanning microscope (Leica, Microsystem Heidel GmbH, Version 2.00 build 0585, Germany) was used to evaluate dentinal tubule penetration, and Universal Testing Machine was utilised to measure the push-out bond strength (Shimadzu, Japan) using a plunger size of 0.4 mm and speed of 1mm/min. Finally, the adhesive pattern of the sealers was analysed by HIROX digital microscope (KH-7700). Statistical analysis was carried out by a one-way Anova test, Dunnet’s T3 test, and Chi-square test.

Results

Highest dentinal tubule penetration was noticed with One-Fil (p<0.05), followed by iRoot SP, CeraSeal, AH Plus, Dia-Root also, the most negligible value was recorded for BioRoot RCS. Meanwhile, BioRoot RCS (p<0.05) demonstrated the greater value of mean push-out bond strength, followed by One-fil, iRoot SP, CeraSeal, AH Plus and Dia-Root. Regarding adhesive pattern, most of the samples were classified as type 3 and type 4 which implies greater sealing ability and better adherence to the dentinal wall. However, BioRoot RCS revealed the most type 4 (p<0.05), followed by AH Plus, One-Fil, CeraSeal and Dia-Root.

Conclusion

The highest dentinal tubule penetration was shown by One-Fil compared to other groups. Meanwhile, BioRoot RCS had greater push-out bond strength and more adhesive pattern than other tested materials.
Randomized clinical trial to compare the efficacy of self-expanding bare metal nitinol stent and balloon angioplasty alone for below-the-knee lesions following successful balloon angioplasty: 1-year clinical outcomes
Authors: Ahn Jihun , Yu HyeYon , Rha Seung-Woon , Choi Byoung Geol , Kang Dong Oh , Choi Cheol Ung , Park Sangho , Seo Jon , Kim Kichang , Kim Minung , Kim Yong Hoon , Seo Yong Seong
Published: November 2023

This prospective, multicenter, randomized study aimed to compare the 1-year clinical outcomes after primary stenting with self-expanding bare metal nitinol stent (SENS) and plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) and below-the-knee (BTK) lesions. Overall, 119 patients with CLI and BTK lesions were randomized to POBA alone (POBA group, 61 patients) or primary stenting with SENS (stenting group, 58 patients) after achieving acceptable POBA results in target BTK lesions. Clinical outcomes including amputation and revascularization rates were prospectively compared for 1 year. After 1 year, similar incidence rates of individual clinical endpoints, including cardiac death (6.5% vs. 5.1%, p > 0.999), myocardial infarction (1.6% vs. 0.0%, p > 0.999), repeat revascularization (19.6% vs. 18.9%, p = 0.922), target lesion revascularization (13.1% vs. 17.2%, p = 0.530), and amputation (4.9% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.244), were observed. POBA appeared to have acceptable treatment outcomes compared with primary stenting with SENS after 1 year in CLI patients with BTK lesions undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).
A core outcome set for evaluating the effectiveness of mixed-diagnosis falls prevention interventions for people with Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s Disease and stroke
Authors: O’Malley Nicola , Coote Susan , Staunton Fiona McCullough , O’Connor Eileen , Clifford Amanda M.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of falls prevention interventions for people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and stroke measure heterogeneous outcomes, often omitting those meaningful to patients. A core outcome set (COS) is a standardised set of outcomes that should be assessed in all trials within a research area. The aim of this study was to develop a COS for evaluating mixed-diagnosis falls prevention interventions for people with MS, PD and stroke in non-acute and community settings, with input from relevant stakeholder groups.

Methods

Previously published research undertaken by the team, including a qualitative study with 20 patients and a review of the literature, were used to derive a longlist of potential outcomes. Outcomes were prioritised for inclusion in the COS using a three-round online Delphi survey. A multi-stakeholder, consensus meeting was conducted to agree upon the final COS and to provide a recommendation for a single outcome measure for each outcome in the COS.

Results

Forty-eight participants were recruited across four stakeholder groups (researchers, patients, clinicians, and service-planners/policymakers). A total of 42 participants (87.5%) completed all three rounds of the surveys. Sixty-two outcomes were considered for inclusion in the COS throughout the Delphi process. A total of 15 participants attended the consensus meeting where they agreed upon the final COS and accompanying measurement instruments: fall incidence, injurious fall incidence, quality of life, falls self-efficacy, fear of falling, activity curtailment due to fear of falling, and cost-effectiveness. Attendees at the consensus meeting recommended that the proposed mechanism of impact of an intervention is considered when selecting additional outcomes outside of those in the COS to assess.

Conclusions

This study identified a COS for evaluating the effectiveness of mixed-diagnosis falls prevention interventions for people with MS, PD and stroke. It is recommended that this COS and accompanying measurement instruments be used in all future trials in this research area so that findings can be combined and compared.
Genome-wide identification, classification, and characterization of lectin gene superfamily in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.)
Authors: Faysal Ahmed Fee , Dola Farah Sumaiya , Zohra Fatema Tuz , Rahman Shaikh Mizanur , Konak Jesmin Naher , Sarkar Md. Abdur Rauf
Published: November 2023

Lectins are sugar-binding proteins found abundantly in plants. Lectin superfamily members have diverse roles, including plant growth, development, cellular processes, stress responses, and defense against microbes. However, the genome-wide identification and functional analysis of lectin genes in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) remain unexplored. Therefore, we used integrated bioinformatics approaches (IBA) for in-depth genome-wide identification, characterization, and regulatory factor analysis of sweet orange lectin genes. Through genome-wide comparative analysis, we identified a total of 141 lectin genes distributed across 10 distinct gene families such as 68 CsB-Lectin, 13 CsLysin Motif (LysM), 4 CsChitin-Bind1, 1 CsLec-C, 3 CsGal-B, 1 CsCalreticulin, 3 CsJacalin, 13 CsPhloem, 11 CsGal-Lec, and 24 CsLectinlegB.This classification relied on characteristic domain and phylogenetic analysis, showing significant homology with Arabidopsis thaliana’s lectin gene families. A thorough analysis unveiled common similarities within specific groups and notable variations across different protein groups. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis highlighted the predicted genes’ roles in diverse cellular components, metabolic processes, and stress-related regulation. Additionally, network analysis of lectin genes with transcription factors (TFs) identified pivotal regulators like ERF, MYB, NAC, WRKY, bHLH, bZIP, and TCP. The cis-acting regulatory elements (CAREs) found in sweet orange lectin genes showed their roles in crucial pathways, including light-responsive (LR), stress-responsive (SR), hormone-responsive (HR), and more. These findings will aid in the in-depth molecular examination of these potential genes and their regulatory elements, contributing to targeted enhancements of sweet orange species in breeding programs.
Comparison of cysteine content in whole proteomes across the three domains of life
Authors: Castillo-Villanueva Adriana , Reyes-Vivas Horacio , Oria-Hernández Jesús
Published: November 2023

An empirical observation suggests that Giardia lamblia proteins have larger cysteine content than their counterparts in other organisms. As this parasite lacks conventional antioxidant stress systems, it is generally accepted that high cysteine content helps G. lamblia cope with oxygen toxicity, a strategy apparently shared by other organisms. Here, we question whether the high cysteine content in some organisms is genuine or just a simple assumption based on singular observations. To this end, we analyzed the cysteine content in 78 proteomes of organisms spanning the three domains of life. The results indicate that the cysteine content in eukaryota is approximately double that in archaea and bacteria, with G. lamblia among the highest. Atypical cysteine contents were found in a few organisms correlating with specific environmental conditions, supporting the evolutionary amino acid-level selection of amino acid composition.
A sporulation signature protease is required for assembly of the spore surface layers, germination and host colonization in Clostridioides difficile
Authors: Marini Eleonora , Olivença Carmen , Ramalhete Sara , Aguirre Andrea Martinez , Ingle Patrick , Melo Manuel N. , Antunes Wilson , Minton Nigel P. , Hernandez Guillem , Cordeiro Tiago N. , Sorg Joseph A. , Serrano Mónica , Henriques Adriano O.
Published: November 2023

A genomic signature for endosporulation includes a gene coding for a protease, YabG, which in the model organism Bacillus subtilis is involved in assembly of the spore coat. We show that in the human pathogen Clostridioidesm difficile, YabG is critical for the assembly of the coat and exosporium layers of spores. YabG is produced during sporulation under the control of the mother cell-specific regulators σE and σK and associates with the spore surface layers. YabG shows an N-terminal SH3-like domain and a C-terminal domain that resembles single domain response regulators, such as CheY, yet is atypical in that the conserved phosphoryl-acceptor residue is absent. Instead, the CheY-like domain carries residues required for activity, including Cys207 and His161, the homologues of which form a catalytic diad in the B. subtilis protein, and also Asp162. The substitution of any of these residues by Ala, eliminates an auto-proteolytic activity as well as interdomain processing of CspBA, a reaction that releases the CspB protease, required for proper spore germination. An in-frame deletion of yabG or an allele coding for an inactive protein, yabGC207A, both cause misassemby of the coat and exosporium and the formation of spores that are more permeable to lysozyme and impaired in germination and host colonization. Furthermore, we show that YabG is required for the expression of at least two σK-dependent genes, cotA, coding for a coat protein, and cdeM, coding for a key determinant of exosporium assembly. Thus, YabG also impinges upon the genetic program of the mother cell possibly by eliminating a transcriptional repressor. Although this activity has not been described for the B. subtilis protein and most of the YabG substrates vary among sporeformers, the general role of the protease in the assembly of the spore surface is likely to be conserved across evolutionary distance.
SARS-CoV-2 Nsp8 suppresses MDA5 antiviral immune responses by impairing TRIM4-mediated K63-linked polyubiquitination
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Yang Ziwei , Pan Ting , Sun Qinqin , Chen Qingyang , Wang Pei-Hui , Li Xiaojuan , Kuang Ersheng
Published: November 2023

Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-5 (MDA5) acts as a cytoplasmic RNA sensor to detect viral dsRNA and mediates antiviral innate immune responses to infection by RNA viruses. Upon recognition of viral dsRNA, MDA5 is activated with K63-linked polyubiquitination and then triggers the recruitment of MAVS and activation of TBK1 and IKKα/β, subsequently leading to IRF3 and NF-κB phosphorylation. However, the specific E3 ubiquitin ligase for MDA5 K63-polyubiquitination has not been well characterized. Great numbers of symptomatic and severe infections of SARS-CoV-2 are spreading worldwide, and the poor efficacy of treatment with type I interferon and antiviral immune agents indicates that SARS-CoV-2 escapes from antiviral immune responses via several unknown mechanisms. Here, we report that SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein 8 (nsp8) acts as a suppressor of antiviral innate immune and inflammatory responses to promote infection of SARS-CoV-2. It downregulates the expression of type I interferon, IFN-stimulated genes and proinflammatory cytokines by binding to MDA5 and TRIM4 and impairing TRIM4-mediated MDA5 K63-linked polyubiquitination. Our findings reveal that nsp8 mediates innate immune evasion during SARS-CoV-2 infection and may serve as a potential target for future therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2 infectious diseases.
Una aproximación al marxismo gótico desde David McNally y los imaginarios culturales
Authors: Bullón Gil Coral
Published: November 2023

A través de la lectura de David McNally y utilizando de apoyo diferentes expresiones artísticas, hacemos un mapeo de los imaginarios resultantes de entender al capital en su monstruosidad, tal y como expuso Marx en sus textos. A partir de esas premisas recorremos el concepto de «marxismo gótico» y abordamos la problemática de la violencia representada visualmente, desde las lecciones de anatomía hasta la noción de «lo gore».
Implementation and Performance Analysis of a Low Resolution OFDM System Prototype with Low Cost Hardware
Authors:   Universidade Federal Fluminense, Oliveira de Souza Eder , Terêncio Dias João ,   Federal Center for Technological Education of Rio de Janeiro (CEFET-RJ), Nunes Gonçalves Demerson ,   Federal Center for Technological Education of Rio de Janeiro - UNED Petrópolis
Published: November 2023

The present work focuses on the implementation and analyzes of performance of a low-resolution OFDM system prototype with low-cost hardware. A software defined radio (SDR) system was chosen in this implementation due to its various advantages over a traditional radio system. Among the options of SDR devices available, the use of universal software radio peripherals (USRP) was avoided due to its high cost, despite its popularity in this field of research. Alternatively, a combination of two low-cost SDRs, "Hackrf One" and "RTL-SDR Blog V3" with the GNU RADIO, a popular, free and open source radio software, were used. Thus, it was possible to emulate the behavior of a low resolution A/D converter in the receiver, characterize its performance and estimate its energy savings. This allowed us to determine the feasibility of building a component with the analog-to-digital conversion function with few bits of resolution. We conclude that the performance of an A/D converter with at least 4 bits of resolution is pretty reasonable and that this reduction in the number of bits, in comparison to 8-bit A/D converter, represent a fairly expressive energy saving.
Consumer reaction to dynamic pricing : The moderating effect of price position
Authors: Omarli Sevinj
Published: November 2023

A kutatás a dinamikus árazás, a méltányos árazás észlelése és a vásárlási hajlandóság közötti összefüggéseket vizsgálja, valamint teszteli az árpozíció moderáló hatását. A dinamikus árazási stratégiák és az árpozíció stimulusként jelentek meg a kvázi kísérletben, ahol 387 egyetemi hallgatót kérdeztek meg repülőjegy-vásárlási magatartásukról. Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy a dinamikus árazás jelentős hatással van a méltányos árazás észlelésére és ezen keresztül a vásárlási hajlandóságra. Ezen túlmenően az árpozíció moderálja a csökkenő árváltoztatási trendet alkalmazó dinamikus árazási stratégia és a méltányos árazás közötti összefüggést. A relatív magasabb piaci ár esetén ez a hatás erősebb. A tanulmány hozzájárul a témában meglévő szakirodalomhoz, mivel azonosítja a dinamikus árazás különböző formáinak alkategóriáit, meghatározza e kutatási terület fogalmi kereteit, empirikusan alátámasztja ezen alkategóriák hatásait, valamint azonosítja az árpozíció moderáló szerepét.
Reflexão sobre o crime de Brumadinho-MG e o (des) cuidado com a terra à luz de Leonardo Boff
Authors: Vasconcelos Pedro de , Carvalho Paiva Jamille Amorim , Trindade Santos Kleyton , Silva de Oliveira Boery Rita Narriman , Silva Sena Edite Lago da
Published: November 2023

Este estudo objetiva discutir sobre o (des) cuidado com a Terra no crime de Brumadinho-MG, na perspectiva de Leonardo Boff. Trata-se de uma reflexão teórica baseada no pensamento de Leonardo Boff, na qual foram discutidas as suas contribuições acerca de valores como responsabilidade coletiva, compaixão, cooperação, solidariedade, respeito e cuidado com a Terra. A reflexão teve como foco o crime corporativo ocorrido no município de Brumadinho no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, por ocasião do rompimento da Barragem B1 - Mina Córrego do Feijão, que remete à ideia de descuidado e omissão, por parte da empresa responsável, com predominância de interesses econômicos. Tal crime trouxe consequências irreparáveis ao meio ambiente e às vidas humanas e serve de crítica para a sociedade sobre a importância de se reformular o paradigma da convivialidade, ao suscitar preocupações com as questões bioéticas que envolvem a proteção e o cuidado com a Terra.
Modificaciones al consentimiento informado en la investigación clínica en tiempos del SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Zurutuza Lorméndez Jorge Iván , Caba Vinagre Mario Salvador , Linares-Márquez Pascual
Published: November 2023

La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 y la enfermedad derivada, la COVID-19, representan un reto que pone a prueba la capacidad de respuesta de las instituciones de salud, pero que afecta todos los ámbitos de la práctica clínica, incluida la investigación. El alto riesgo de contagio en las interacciones ha dificultado todos los aspectos de la socialización. Los médicos que se dedican a la investigación han encontrado una barrera, ya que deben considerar la posibilidad de infección. Este artículo propone modificaciones al consentimiento informado, considerando este riesgo latente, procurando que sea entendible y expresado de forma clara y sencilla para los participantes. Asimismo, se considera importante identificar las medidas extrapoladas de la atención clínica que deben utilizarse en la interacción entre investigadores y sujetos de estudio, buscando la identificación de casos y prevención de la enfermedad, priorizando las consideraciones bioéticas de la investigación, en momentos de incertidumbre..
How Use-Modify-Create Brings Middle Grades Students To Computational Thinking
Authors: Houchins Jennifer K , Boulden Danielle C , Lester James , Mott Bradford , Boyer Kristy Elizabeth , Wiebe Eric N
Published: November 2023

This design case chronicles the efforts of an interdisciplinary team of researchers as they collaborated with middle grades science teachers and students to build and refine an epidemic disease curriculum module. The initial five-day design was delivered in five science classrooms at three nearby schools where researcher classroom observations and teacher feedback drove iterative refinements of the module’s materials. The final design of this module consisted of four instructional days of modeling and simulation activities that integrate computational thinking practices, computer science concepts, and life sciences content. The paper aims to illustrate the design motivations to address contextual constraints such as tight curricular schedules and varied levels of exposure to programming for both teachers and students. The instructional materials presented in this design case were the result of a three-year long research-practice partnership with science teachers at nearby middle schools.
Bladder Replacement Therapy
Authors: Liu Xinqi , Wang Jiaxin , Ren Lida , Ling Qing
Published: November 2023

The bladder, as a vital organ of the urinary system, facilitates urine storage and micturition. The bladder can store urine under low pressure, sense volume changes, and coordinate with the urethral sphincter to ensure autonomous and efficient urination and bladder emptying. However, irreversible bladder damage may result from various conditions, such as nerve injuries, aging, or metabolic syndrome, compromising its normal physiological functions and necessitating various interventions for anatomical and functional bladder replacements. This review aimed to summarize advances on anatomical and functional bladder replacements.
Prawo dostępu do informacji publicznej w dobie niepewności konstytucyjnej i instrumentalizacji prawa
Authors: Woelke Hubert
Published: November 2023

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie obecnego stanu prawa dostępu do informacji publicznej w Polsce, z uwzględnieniem zwłaszcza przykładu list poparcia do nowej KRS. W opracowaniu odnosi się także prawo dostępu do informacji publicznej do prób instrumentalizacji prawa i zderza je ze sobą. Dzieje się to przez analizę teoretyczną prawa dostępu do informacji publicznej (w szczególności zakreślenie jego zakresu i ograniczeń), przywołującą doktrynę i orzecznictwo, a następnie odniesienie uzyskanych konkluzji do faktycznych zdarzeń związanych ze sporem o listy poparcia do KRS. Zagadnienie to ma z pewnością duże znaczenie w państwie, które konstytucyjnie opiera się na zasadzie demokratycznego państwa prawnego, świadczy bowiem o kondycji demokracji jako takiej.
Analysis of the relationship between students’ argumentation and chemical representational ability: a case study of hybrid learning oriented in the environmental chemistry course
Authors: Ramadhani Dimas Gilang , Yamtinah Sri , Saputro Sulistyo , Widoretno Sri
Published: November 2023

Engaging students in collaborative learning fosters the expression of ideas, deepens understanding, and hones argumentation skills. Argumentation is pivotal, and instructors should facilitate opportunities for its practice. In the study on an environmental chemistry course, class conversations were recorded to analyze students’ contributions to online learning. Participants shared opinions, raised objections, and built on others’ answers. The instructor played a crucial role in harmonizing collaboration and guiding comprehensive argumentation. The study found claims and data as the most basic and common elements of argumentation. However, more complex components like rebuttal and backing warrants often need instructor intervention. While claims and data typically relied on one form of representation, such as macroscopic or symbolic, warrants demanded multiple dimensions, predominantly symbolic and submicroscopic. Toulmin’s arguments and Mahaffy’s tetrahedral ability of chemical representation were used for analysis. The findings highlighted that argumentation skills and chemical representation are intertwined, with certain argumentative components calling for specific representational dimensions. Collaborative online learning, thus, can enhance student participation and multifaceted skill development.
Road cut slope stability analysis for static and dynamic (pseudo-static analysis) loading conditions
Authors: Meko Leta , Chemeda Yadeta C. , Meko Bikila
Published: November 2023

Slope instability has been identified as one of the most natural and man-made disasters that can lead to the life of humans in danger and enormous loss of capital. The roads which pass on the hilly and mountainous terrains are frequently affected by slope failures since hilly and mountainous areas are characterized by variable topographical, geological, hydrological, and land-use conditions. Slope stability analysis was carried out using FEM (plaxis 2D) and LEM (slide software). The stability analysis covers both static and dynamic (in pseudo-static analysis) loading conditions on soil and rock material along selected critical slope sections. Two soil-critical slope sections and two rock-critical slope sections are analyzed in this study. The strength reduction method and method of the slice with Mohr–Coulomb model were used in FEM and LEM, respectively. The slope stability analysis was carried out for both dry and wet states of the soil and rock material along the critical slope sections (i.e., static dry, dynamic dry, static wet, and dynamic wet). The analysis result shows that the total displacement of the slope along soil critical slope section one is (0.58703, 0.58755, 2.35, and 2.38 m), along soil critical slope section two is (0.6574, 0.6621, 1.2841, and 1.2872 m), along rock-critical slope section one is (4.8624, 4.8672, 17.8463, and 17.8512 m) and total displacement along rock-critical slope section two is (3.8365, 3.8391, 11.437, and 11.6275 m) during static dry, dynamic dry, static wet, and dynamic wet loading conditions, respectively. In general, the result shows soil critical slope sections one and two are stable in dry conditions and unstable in wet conditions. Rock-critical slope sections are stable during the dry and wet states of the slope.
Effect of habitual breakfast skipping on information processing capacity, cortical response, and cognitive flexibility among medical collegiate – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jennifer Anugraha , Srinivasan Krishnan , Raj Jeneth Berlin
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Breakfast replenishes glucose homeostasis and provides other micro-nutrients for the normal functioning of the body after a long night at night. Habitually skipping breakfast leads not only to metabolic disturbances but also to neurocognitive impairment. Hence, the current study was carried out to study the effect of skipping breakfast on neurocognitive functions.

Methods

A 9-item breakfast questionnaire was distributed online to students for identifying habitual breakfast skippers from non-skippers based on inclusion criteria. Random blood glucose was noted and visual and auditory reaction time, critical flicker fusion frequency, and Stroop test were assessed in both groups to assess cognition.

Results

Forty one habitual breakfast skippers who met the inclusion criteria showed increased visual reaction time, and auditory reaction time indicating cognitive impairment. A significant reduction in the Stroop test was observed among the non-skipper group when compared to the skipper group.

Conclusions

This study suggests that skipping breakfast diminishes neurocognitive functions like problem-solving, planning, judgment, information retention, and reasoning.
Kann Familie Religion? Religiöse Familiensozialisation im Spiegel der sechsten Kirchenmitgliedschaftsuntersuchung
Authors: Findeis Hagen
Published: November 2023

Der Beitrag diskutiert familienbezogene Daten der sechsten Kirchenmitgliedschaftsuntersuchung. Im Fokus steht die Fähigkeit von Familie, christlichen Glauben an nachfolgende Generationen weiterzugeben. Den Daten werden qualitative Befunde gegenübergestellt. Diese betreffen die Frage, welche familiären Konstellationen dazu beitragen, dass Menschen sich an religiösen Orientierungen ausrichten, sie ggf. verändern und wie diese Orientierungen über mehrere Generationen hinweg weitergegeben werden. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass die familiäre Sozialisation für die Weitergabe des Glaubens wichtig ist. Ihrer Verbindung mit kirchlichen Angeboten wie Kasualien kommt primär eine formal sozialisierende Rolle zu. Unabhängig von ihrer religiösen Disposition ist Familie vor allem auf ihre Selbsterhaltung angelegt und tradiert sich selbst. Ihre kulturelle Reproduktionsfähigkeit ist in hohem Maße kontextabhängig.
“Sejão Educados na Verdadeira Moral”
Authors: Lucas Marciano Ruan
Published: November 2023

Esta pesquisa propõe analisar os discursos morais da elite goiana na primeira metade do século XIX, em Goyaz. Dessa maneira, pretendo abordar de que forma os discursos da moralidade impactaram nas estratégias de controle social na cidade de Goiás. Por meio desse estudo foi possível compreender a formação da elite goiana e suas principais estratégias, com a utilização de cargos públicos para a naturalização dos discursos morais contra os sujeitos pobres, indígenas e loucos da província. A ocupação de cargos públicos consolidou o monopólio dos altos cargos, fincando a relação intrínseca da elite com atribuições de interesse próprio na administração pública provincial. Consequentemente, o discurso proferido pela classe dominante naturalizou dinâmicas desclassificatórias de indivíduos subalternizados, intensificando a percepção de inimigo social quanto a vadios, indígenas e loucos.
A História dos, nos e por meio dos periódicos e a Hemeroteca Digital Brasileira
Authors: Vitor de Armas Teixeira João
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo se propõe a contribuir com um debate teórico-metodológico ainda incipiente na historiografia que é a investigação na Hemeroteca Digital da Biblioteca Nacional. Nesse sentido, aborda contribuições já presentes nessa discussão como o paradigma da materialidade das fontes e apresenta reflexões próprias a partir da metodologia da Análise de Conteúdo como uma proposta para o tratamento dos resultados de pesquisa e os procedimentos da História da e por meio da imprensa para a problematização dos periódicos. Portanto, é um esforço pelo rigor teórico e metodológico nas pesquisas na Área da História em um contexto de centralidade e ampliação dos acervos digitais nos estudos históricos.
GIDA MİKROBİYOLOJİSİNDE METAGENOMİK YAKLAŞIMLAR
Authors: AKTEPE Yeşim , ÇAKIR İbrahim
Published: November 2023

Gıda mikrobiyolojisinde kullanılan klasik kültürel yöntemler ile gıdaların mikrobiyotalarının tam olarak tanımlanamaması sorunu üzerine kültüre bağlı olmayan moleküler yöntemler geliştirilmiştir. Kültüre bağlı olmayan yöntemlerden olan metagenomik çalışmalarda kültürleme adımı olmaksızın direkt DNA izolasyonu ile mikroorganizmaların tanımlaması yapılabilmektedir. Bu sayede mikrobiyota içerisinde yer alan fakat kültüre edilemediği için tanımlanamayan mikroorganizmalarında tanımlanması mümkün kılınmaktadır. Gıda mikrobiyolojisi alanında incelenen kültür ortamlarının mikrobiyotasının sahip olduğu mikrobiyel çeşitlilik, amplikon dizileme (hedefli dizileme) ve shotgun metagenomik yaklaşımları kullanılarak belirlenmekte olup her iki yöntemin de avantaj ve dezavantajları mevcuttur. Metagenomik son yıllarda gıda endüstrisinde özellikle gıda mikrobiyolojisi ve gıda güvenliği alanlarında yardımcı disiplin olarak sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Özellikle fermente gıdaların üretimindeki karmaşık mikrobiyel aktivitenin tespiti üzerine yapılan çalışmalar ve gıdaların bozulmasında yer alan mikrobiyel toplulukların incelenmesini hedefleyen çalışmaların sayısı giderek artmaktadır.
BİTKİSEL LİF-BÜTİRİK ASİT ESTERLERİNİN ÜRETİMİ VE KEK FORMÜLASYONUNDA EMÜLGATÖR OLARAK KULLANIMI
Authors: EROL Sena , ERİNÇ Hakan
Published: November 2023

Sunulan bu çalışmada, nispeten kısa ve ince lifler içeren bir buğday kepeğinden, ıslak öğütme tekniği kullanılarak selüloz içeriği yüksek lifler elde edilmiş ve sonrasında bütirik asit ile beş farklı derecede esterleştirilmiştir. Bu esterleştirme işlemi ile farklı oranlarda hidrofilik ve lipofilik gruplara sahip bitkisel lif-bütirik asit esterleri üretilmiştir. Elde edilen bu ürünlerin karakterizasyonu için esterleşme derecesi, su tutma kapasitesi, FTIR (Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi Spektroskopi), SEM (Taramalı Elektron Mikroskopi) ve TGA (Termogravimetrik Analiz) analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ürünlerin karakterizasyonu tamamlandıktan sonra, bu bitkisel lif-bütirik asit esterleri emülgatör olarak kullanılması amacıyla kek formülasyonuna eklenmiştir. Kek örneklerinin renk, kurumadde içeriği ve tekstürel özellikleri incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, tüm örneklerin renk değerleri ve kuru madde içerikleri kontrol örneğine benzer bulunmuştur. Ancak, tekstürel analizlerde sertlik, gamlılık ve çiğnenebilirlik değerlerinde hafif bir azalma gözlemlenmiştir.
The dialect of Gammalsvenskby: compiling a dictionary of an unexplored language (rokäḷ—sirop)
Authors: Mankov Alexander
Published: November 2023

The dialect of the village of Gammalsvenskby belongs historically to the Swedish dialects of Estonia, which were spoken before World War II in the Noarootsi peninsula (Sw. Nuckö), in the villages of Kurkse (Korkis) and Vihterpalu (Vippal), and in the islands of the Moonsund archipelago: Osmussaar (Odensholm), Vormsi (Ormsö), Suur- and Väike-Pakri (Stora och Lilla Rågöarna), Ruhnu (Runö), Naissaar (Nargö) and Hiiumaa (Dagö). In 1782, around 1,000 Swedes from the island of Dagö, which at the time belonged to the Russian Empire, were resettled in the Kherson Governorate. There, on the bank of the Dnieper River, a village that later came to be called Gammalsvenskby was founded. The native language of its founders was the dialect of Dagö. Up to end of the 2010s, some of the elderly residents of the present-day village preserved a language variety that goes back to the dialect of Dagö; this is the dialect of Gammalsvenskby. The present-day state of this dialect has not been systematically described in linguistic literature. The only source of data for this article is fieldwork with speakers of the dialect. The main objective is to present material recorded in the interviews in the most complete way possible and to describe the state of the vocabulary and inflection in the dialect. The entries include the following information: type of inflection; translation; phrases, sentences and short texts illustrating the usage (with initials of the informants). In many cases full paradigms are given as well. They include all phonetic and morphological forms that have occurred in the interviews.
La eugenesia. Claves de una agresión contra el ser humano
Authors: Perez-Castells Javier
Published: November 2023

La nueva eugenesia se basa en la liberalización del aborto eugenésico, la selección de embriones y la edición génica de los mismos. Tras revisar los antecedentes históricos, se resumen los avances científicos que dan lugar a esta nueva forma de eugenesia que se presenta como terapéutica, mejoradora de la población humana y garante de la libertad procreadora. A continuación se indican los principales argumentos que demuestran que en realidad esconde una contundente agresión al ser humano libre. Están en juego el descarte de los débiles y defectuosos, la pérdida de la igualdad en la consideración de las personas y la libertad de construirse a uno mismo y ser agentes de nuestras vidas. Se discute cómo el proceso, que dejará a millones de embriones en el camino, quizá no sea tan viable como se dice gracias a la complejidad del genoma. Se pretende hacer una llamada de atención para saber a lo que nos enfrentamos y exigir un profundo diálogo sobre las consecuencias de lo que podemos llegar a hacer para las generaciones futuras.
A Balanced Intrusion Detection System for Wireless Sensor Networks in a Big Data Environment Using CNN-SVM Model
Authors: Krishna Kuraganty Phani Rama , Thirumuru Ramakrishna
Published: November 2023

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) were exposed to several distinct safety issues and attacks regarding gathering and sending data. In this scenario, one of the most prevalent WSN assaults that may target any tier of the protocol stack is the Denial of Service (DoS) attack. The current research suggested various strategies to find the attack in the network. However, it has classification challenges. An effective ensemble deep learning-based intrusion detection system to identify the assault in the WSN network was, therefore, suggested in this research to address this issue. The data pre-processing involves converting qualitative data into numeric data using the One-Hot Encoding technique. Following that, Normalization Process was carried out. Then Manta-Ray Foraging Optimization is suggested to choose the best subset of features. Then Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) oversampling creates a new minority sample to balance the processed dataset. Finally, CNN–SVM classifier is proposed to classify the attack kinds. The Accuracy, F-Measure, Precision, and Recall metrics were used to assess the outcomes of 99.75%, 99.21%, 100%, and 99.6%, respectively. Compared to existing approaches, the proposed method has shown to be extremely effective in detecting DoS attacks in WSNs.
Application of Harmonic Half-Waves for Automation of High-Speed Trains Control
Authors: Mayorov Boris
Published: November 2023

The emergency braking processes in the European Train Control System (ETCS) of high-speed trains are associated with stepwise regulation of acceleration (deceleration) depending on the braking ability of the train, terrain data and changing weather on the route. These processes are defined in ETCS. The procedure for stepwise regulation of deceleration is carried out by the driver repeatedly in the process of braking until the train stops completely. The beginning of emergency braking and its end, as well as the braking process itself, is accompanied by repeated pulsed operation of the brakes, which leads to jumps in deceleration and, accordingly, to increased wear of the brake system, a decrease in comfort for passengers, which results in the limitation of the maximum allowable speed. The article proposes a new concept and technique for constructing mathematical models of emergency braking curves different from ETCS curves and based on harmonic half-waves. It is shown that the ETCS deceleration curves are described by known second-order power half-waves. Their joint study gives grounds to assert that the application of these curves leads to the obligatory pulsed mode of brake operation. Two new variants of models of emergency braking curves described by harmonic half-waves are proposed. The first option has one pulsed brake application at the end of the braking interval. The second option is free from braking impulses and allows the use of continuous regulation. These models explain the features of ETCS, contain proposals for their elimination, and are applicable to the development of new emergency braking curves that allow smooth control of emergency braking of trains. Efficiency, differences and advantages over ETCS braking curves are shown on the results of mathematical modeling of emergency braking processes.
Vulnerabilidade à inatividade física: evidências de validade de conteúdo e nos processos de resposta
Authors: Pereira Déborah Santana , Florêncio Raquel Sampaio , Cestari Virna Ribeiro Feitosa , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar evidências de validade de conteúdo e processos de resposta de um banco de itens para mensuração da vulnerabilidade à inatividade física de adultos. Método: Estudo metodológico, com 13 especialistas e 46 representantes da população-alvo. Calculou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) e teste binomial; os dados obtidos pela validade baseada nos processos de respostas foram coletados mediante entrevistas. Resultados: Dos 105 itens construídos, 16 foram excluídos (IVC<0,78); 89 itens apresentaram concordância <80% nos critérios psicométricos, sendo modificados. Dos 101 itens que permaneceram (IVC>0,78), 34 foram alterados e 4 eliminados após avaliação das evidências dos processos de resposta. Ao final, permaneceram 97 itens, com IVC global de 0,92, organizados em duas dimensões: Sujeito (IVC=0,91) e Social (IVC=0,94). Conclusão: Os itens apresentaram parâmetros e evidências de validade adequados; e podem subsidiar a construção de instrumentos que consideram a vulnerabilidade do sujeito e social na compreensão da inatividade física.
Development of educational videos about bathing in bed newborns admitted to a neonatal unit
Authors: Silva Maria Paula Custódio , Teixeira Cinthia Lorena Silva Barbosa , Nascimento Juliana da Silva Garcia , Nascimento Kleiton Gonçalves do , Baptista Rui Carlos Negrão , Fonseca Luciana Mara Monti , Contim Divanice
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop and analyze evidence of content validity of educational videos about bathing newborns in bed in a neonatal unit. Method: applied and methodological research, carried out from December/2020 to February/2022, in three phases: pre-production, production, post-production. Validity was carried out by nurses specializing in social communication and nursing professionals, including the Brazilian Sign Language and assessment by nursing students. The Content Validity Index and Cronbach’s alpha above 0.8 were considered for analysis. Results: the videos were entitled “Best practices: bathing newborns in the heated crib” and “Best practices: bathing newborns in the incubator”, lasting seven minutes each, divided into six scenes that demonstrated the approach to parents, environment and material organization, preparing newborns, bathing and after-bath care. Conclusion: the videos will support permanent education processes, academic training and professional training in nursing.
Elaboration and validity of the Instrumento para Avaliação de Modelos metodológicos voltados ao Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias
Authors: Salbego Cléton , Nietsche Elisabeta Albertina , Greco Patrícia Bitencourt Toscani , Girardon-Perlini Nara Marilene Oliveira , Cogo Silvana Bastos , Ramos Tierle Kosloski , Antunes Andrei Pompeu
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to elaborate and validate the Instrumento para Avaliação de Modelos metodológicos voltados ao Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias. Methods: a methodological study, developed in three stages: instrument structuring through documentary research and researchers’ expertise; instrument validity with a panel of 11 expert judge nurses; and instrument final composition. Results: the instrument, after validity by experts, consisted of 30 items, divided into the content (26 items) and appearance (four items) domains. In the initial instrument validity process, 11 items were modified and seven were withdrawn, as they had a percentage of agreement below 0.80. The instrument showed excellent internal consistency, with values greater than 0.90 in its psychometric criteria. Conclusion: the instrument produced and validated aimed at assessing research methodological models for technological development showed good reliability, and may contribute to the methodological rigor of technological development research in nursing.
Estudo epidemiológico do câncer de pênis em um estado do Nordeste - Brasil
Authors: Silva Thais Cristina Loyola da , Ximenes Érika Gabrielle Pinheiro , Santos Ythalo Hugo da Silva , Araújo Rodrigo Jerônimo , Macedo Eurides Araújo Bezerra de , Medeiros Kleyton Santos de , Araújo-Filho Irami
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: traçar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico do câncer de pênis no Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil e relacioná-los com dados publicados na literatura. Métodos: realizou-se estudo transversal de 94 pacientes diagnosticados com câncer de pênis no período de 2011-2018, tratados na Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer. Resultados: todos os pacientes foram diagnosticados com carcinoma espinocelular, principalmente com idade acima dos 50 anos, provenientes do interior do estado, pardos, analfabetos ou com ensino fundamental incompleto. Ao diagnóstico, 68% dos pacientes foram classificados com tumores =T2 e 30% possuiam envolvimento linfonodal. Metástases à distância foram detectadas em 2,1% dos pacientes ao diagnóstico. A maioria dos pacientes recebeu o diagnóstico na fase inicial da doença, mas 20,2% foram diagnosticados em estádio IV. Penectomia parcial foi a cirurgia mais realizada e 10% dos pacientes recidivaram, principalmente para linfonodos (87,5%). A média de seguimento dos pacientes foi de 18 meses, apresentando estimativa de sobrevida global em 5 anos de 59,1%. No entanto, 25% dos pacientes foram acompanhados por até 3 meses, perdendo o seguimento. Conclusão: o Estado do Rio Grande do Norte apresenta elevada incidência de câncer de pênis com alta frequência de tumores localmente avançados ao diagnóstico, assim como em pacientes mais jovens, menores que 50 anos de idade. Outrossim, o fator socioeconômico interfere no diagnóstico precoce e dificulta o acesso a serviços especializados. .
Abertura comercial, produtividade e emprego no Brasil
Authors: Borges Thalita , Romero João P. , Silveira Fabrício
Published: November 2023

RESUMO O presente artigo propõe uma reavaliação do efeito da abertura comercial na década de 1990 sobre a produtividade do trabalho e emprego no Brasil. A discussão é ancorada em um exercício de decomposição da produtividade no período anterior e posterior à abertura comercial, o qual permite avaliar a participação da realocação intersetorial do emprego e dos ganhos de eficiência intrasetoriais na produtividade agregada. A principal contribuição do estudo está na inclusão do setor de desocupados no exercício, o que permite mensurar o efeito do aumento do número de desempregados e de inativos sobre a produtividade média da força de trabalho. Os resultados sugerem que embora a abertura comercial tenha contribuído para elevar a produtividade intrasetorial média, ela está associada tanto a um aumento da desocupação e do desemprego, como a uma realocação do trabalho em setores de menor produtividade. O estudo mostra que estes efeitos negativos sobre o mercado de trabalho tendem a ser dominantes, resultando na redução do crescimento da produtividade média dos trabalhadores quando comparada ao período pré-abertura.