bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Safety and efficacy of tucatinib, letrozole and palbociclib in patients with previously treated HR+/HER2+ breast cancer
Authors: Shagisultanova Elena , Gradishar William , Brown-Glabberman Ursa , Chalasani Pavani , Brenner Andrew J. , Stopeck Alison , Parris Hannah , Gao Dexiang , Mcspadden Tessa , Mayordomo Jose , Diamond Jennifer R. , Kabos Peter , Borges Virginia F.
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To overcome resistance to anti-hormonal and HER2-targeted agents mediated by cyclin D1-CDK4/6 complex, we proposed an oral combination of the HER2 inhibitor Tucatinib, aromatase inhibitor Letrozole, and CDK4/6 inhibitor Palbociclib (TLP) for treatment of HR+/HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Patients and Methods: Phase Ib/II TLP trial (NCT03054363) enrolled patients with HR+/HER2+ MBC treated with ≥2 HER2-targeted agents. The phase Ib primary end point was safety of the regimen evaluated by NCI CTCAE version 4.3. The phase II primary endpoint was efficacy by median progression free survival (mPFS). Results: 42 women aged 22-81 years were enrolled. Patients received a median of 2 lines of therapy in the metastatic setting, 71.4% had visceral disease, 35.7% had CNS disease. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) of grade≥3 were neutropenia (64.3%), leukopenia (23.8%) diarrhea (19.0%), and fatigue (14.3%). Tucatinib increased AUC 10-19 hours of palbociclib 1.7-fold, requiring palbociclib dose reduction from 125 to 75mg daily. In 40 response-evaluable patients, mPFS was 8.4 months, with similar mPFS in non-CNS and CNS cohorts (10.0 versus 8.2 months; p=0.9). Overall response rate was 44.5%, median duration of response was 13.9 months, clinical benefit rate was 70.4%; 60% of patients were on treatment for ≥6 months, 25% for ≥1 year, and 10% for ≥2 years. In CNS cohort, 26.6% of patients remained on study for ≥1 year. Conclusions: TLP combination was safe and tolerable. AEs were expected and manageable with supportive therapy and dose reductions. TLP showed excellent efficacy for an all-oral chemotherapy-free regimen warranting further testing.
Data from Safety and Efficacy of Tucatinib, Letrozole, and Palbociclib in Patients with Previously Treated HR+/HER2+ Breast Cancer
Authors: Shagisultanova Elena , Gradishar William , Brown-Glaberman Ursa , Chalasani Pavani , Brenner Andrew J. , Stopeck Alison , Parris Hannah , Gao Dexiang , McSpadden Tessa , Mayordomo Jose , Diamond Jennifer R. , Kabos Peter , Borges Virginia F.
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose:
To overcome resistance to antihormonal and HER2-targeted agents mediated by cyclin D1-CDK4/6 complex, we proposed an oral combination of the HER2 inhibitor tucatinib, aromatase inhibitor letrozole, and CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib (TLP combination) for treatment of HR+/HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC).
Patients and Methods:
Phase Ib/II TLP trial (NCT03054363) enrolled patients with HR+/HER2+ MBC treated with ≥2 HER2-targeted agents. The phase Ib primary endpoint was safety of the regimen evaluated by NCI CTCAE version 4.3. The phase II primary endpoint was efficacy by median progression-free survival (mPFS).
Results:
Forty-two women ages 22 to 81 years were enrolled. Patients received a median of two lines of therapy in the metastatic setting, 71.4% had visceral disease, 35.7% had CNS disease. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (AE) of grade ≥3 were neutropenia (64.3%), leukopenia (23.8%), diarrhea (19.0%), and fatigue (14.3%). Tucatinib increased AUC10–19 hours of palbociclib 1.7-fold, requiring palbociclib dose reduction from 125 to 75 mg daily. In 40 response-evaluable patients, mPFS was 8.4 months, with similar mPFS in non-CNS and CNS cohorts (10.0 months vs. 8.2 months; P = 0.9). Overall response rate was 44.5%, median duration of response was 13.9 months, and clinical benefit rate was 70.4%; 60% of patients were on treatment for ≥6 months, 25% for ≥1 year, and 10% for ≥2 years. In the CNS cohort, 26.6% of patients remained on study for ≥1 year.
Conclusions:
TLP combination was safe and tolerable. AEs were expected and manageable with supportive therapy and dose reductions. TLP showed excellent efficacy for an all-oral chemotherapy-free regimen warranting further testing.

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Data from Safety, Efficacy, and Biomarker Analyses of Dostarlimab in Patients with Endometrial Cancer: Interim Results of the Phase I GARNET Study
Authors: Oaknin Ana , Pothuri Bhavana , Gilbert Lucy , Sabatier Renaud , Brown Jubilee , Ghamande Sharad , Mathews Cara , O'Malley David M. , Kristeleit Rebecca , Boni Valentina , Gravina Adriano , Banerjee Susana , Miller Rowan , Pikiel Joanna , Mirza Mansoor R. , Dewal Ninad , Antony Grace , Dong Yuping , Zografos Eleftherios , Veneris Jennifer , Tinker Anna V.
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This interim report of the GARNET phase I trial presents efficacy and safety of dostarlimab in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (EC), with an analysis of tumor biomarkers as prognostic indicators. Patients and Methods: A total of 153 patients with mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) and 161 patients with mismatch repair proficient (MMRp)/microsatellite stable (MSS) EC were enrolled and dosed. Patients received 500 mg dostarlimab every 3 weeks for 4 cycles, then 1000 mg every 6 weeks until progression. Primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR). Results: A total of 143 patients with dMMR/MSI-H EC and 156 patients with MMRp/MSS EC were evaluated for efficacy. ORR was 45.5% (n = 65) and 15.4% (n = 24) for dMMR/MSI-H EC and MMRp/MSS EC, respectively. Median DOR for dMMR/MSI-H EC was not met (median follow-up, 27.6 months); median DOR for MMRp/MSS EC was 19.4 months. The ORRs by combined positive score (CPS) ≥1 status were 54.9% and 21.7% for dMMR/MSI-H EC and MMRp/MSS EC, respectively. ORRs by high tumor mutational burden (≥10 mutations/Mb) were 47.8% (43/90) and 45.5% (5/11) for dMMR/MSI-H EC and MMRp/MSS EC, respectively. ORR in TP53mut or POLεmut molecular subgroups was 18.1% (17/94) and 40.0% (2/5), respectively. The safety profile of dostarlimab was consistent with previous reports. Conclusions: Dostarlimab demonstrated durable antitumor activity and safety in patients with dMMR/MSI-H EC. Biomarkers associated with EC may identify patients likely to respond to dostarlimab. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02715284
Data from Safety, Efficacy, and Biomarker Analyses of Dostarlimab in Patients with Endometrial Cancer: Interim Results of the Phase I GARNET Study
Authors: Oaknin Ana , Pothuri Bhavana , Gilbert Lucy , Sabatier Renaud , Brown Jubilee , Ghamande Sharad , Mathews Cara , O'Malley David M. , Kristeleit Rebecca , Boni Valentina , Gravina Adriano , Banerjee Susana , Miller Rowan , Pikiel Joanna , Mirza Mansoor R. , Dewal Ninad , Antony Grace , Dong Yuping , Zografos Eleftherios , Veneris Jennifer , Tinker Anna V.
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose:
This interim report of the GARNET phase I trial presents efficacy and safety of dostarlimab in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (EC), with an analysis of tumor biomarkers as prognostic indicators.
Patients and Methods:
A total of 153 patients with mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) and 161 patients with mismatch repair proficient (MMRp)/microsatellite stable (MSS) EC were enrolled and dosed. Patients received 500 mg dostarlimab every 3 weeks for four cycles, then 1,000 mg every 6 weeks until progression. Primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR).
Results:
A total of 143 patients with dMMR/MSI-H EC and 156 patients with MMRp/MSS EC were evaluated for efficacy. ORR was 45.5% (n = 65) and 15.4% (n = 24) for dMMR/MSI-H EC and MMRp/MSS EC, respectively. Median DOR for dMMR/MSI-H EC was not met (median follow-up, 27.6 months); median DOR for MMRp/MSS EC was 19.4 months. The ORRs by combined positive score (CPS) ≥1 status were 54.9% and 21.7% for dMMR/MSI-H EC and MMRp/MSS EC, respectively. ORRs by high tumor mutational burden (≥10 mutations/Mb) were 47.8% (43/90) and 45.5% (5/11) for dMMR/MSI-H EC and MMRp/MSS EC, respectively. ORR in TP53mut or POLεmut molecular subgroups was 18.1% (17/94) and 40.0% (2/5), respectively. The safety profile of dostarlimab was consistent with previous reports.
Conclusions:
Dostarlimab demonstrated durable antitumor activity and safety in patients with dMMR/MSI-H EC. Biomarkers associated with EC may identify patients likely to respond to dostarlimab.
Supplementary table 1 from Spectrum of Response to Platinum and PARP Inhibitors in Germline BRCA–Associated Pancreatic Cancer in the Clinical and Preclinical Setting
Authors: Stossel Chani , Raitses-Gurevich Maria , Atias Dikla , Beller Tamar , Glick Gorman Yulia , Halperin Sharon , Peer Eyal , Denroche Robert E. , Zhang Amy , Notta Faiyaz , Wilson Julie M. , O'Kane Grainne M. , Haimov Talmoud Elina , Amison Nora , Schvimer Michael , Salpeter Seth J. , Bar Vered , Zundelevich Adi , Tirosh Itay , Tal Rotem , Dinstag Gal , Kinar Yaron , Eliezer Yonatan , Ben-David Uri , Gavert Nancy S. , Straussman Ravid , Gallinger Steven J. , Berger Raanan , Golan Talia
Published: July 2023

In vivo, EVOC and clinical response
Supplementary figure 2 from Spectrum of Response to Platinum and PARP Inhibitors in Germline BRCA–Associated Pancreatic Cancer in the Clinical and Preclinical Setting
Authors: Stossel Chani , Raitses-Gurevich Maria , Atias Dikla , Beller Tamar , Glick Gorman Yulia , Halperin Sharon , Peer Eyal , Denroche Robert E. , Zhang Amy , Notta Faiyaz , Wilson Julie M. , O'Kane Grainne M. , Haimov Talmoud Elina , Amison Nora , Schvimer Michael , Salpeter Seth J. , Bar Vered , Zundelevich Adi , Tirosh Itay , Tal Rotem , Dinstag Gal , Kinar Yaron , Eliezer Yonatan , Ben-David Uri , Gavert Nancy S. , Straussman Ravid , Gallinger Steven J. , Berger Raanan , Golan Talia
Published: July 2023

Mechanisms of resistance in glBRCA PDAC
Supplementary figure 1 from Spectrum of Response to Platinum and PARP Inhibitors in Germline BRCA–Associated Pancreatic Cancer in the Clinical and Preclinical Setting
Authors: Stossel Chani , Raitses-Gurevich Maria , Atias Dikla , Beller Tamar , Glick Gorman Yulia , Halperin Sharon , Peer Eyal , Denroche Robert E. , Zhang Amy , Notta Faiyaz , Wilson Julie M. , O'Kane Grainne M. , Haimov Talmoud Elina , Amison Nora , Schvimer Michael , Salpeter Seth J. , Bar Vered , Zundelevich Adi , Tirosh Itay , Tal Rotem , Dinstag Gal , Kinar Yaron , Eliezer Yonatan , Ben-David Uri , Gavert Nancy S. , Straussman Ravid , Gallinger Steven J. , Berger Raanan , Golan Talia
Published: July 2023

In vivo growth kinetics and EVOC efficacy in acquired resistance model
Supplementary Table 2 from Major histocompatibility complex-class II is induced by Interferon-gamma and follows three distinct patterns of expression in colorectal cancer organoids
Authors: Pickles Oliver J , Wanigasooriya Kasun , Ptasinska Anetta , Patel Akshay J. , Robbins Helen L , Bryer Claire , Whalley Celina M , Tee Louise , Lal Neeraj , Pinna Maria , Elzefzafy Nahla , Taniere Philippe , Beggs Andrew D , Middleton Gary M.
Published: July 2023

Summary of CIITA RT-qPCR results. Relative increase in CIITA mRNA expression following IFNy stimulation, mean cycle threshold (Ct) values for CIITA expression pre- and post-stimulation as determined by RT-qPCR. Each condition performed with four technical replicates. Relative expression calculated using 2^-(ΔΔCt) method and controlled using GAPDH.
Efficacy and Safety of Plasma Exchange Combined with Hemoperfusion in the Treatment of Organophosphorus Poisoning: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yao Zhuan'e , Wang Pengbo , Fu Qinjuan , Song Qiong , Wang Wei , Liu Ai , Zhang Peng
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The aim of the study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of plasma exchange combined with hemoperfusion in the treatment of organophosphorus poisoning. Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Internet, Wanfang database, and Weipu database were searched for articles about this subject. Literature screening and selection were conducted in strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: 14 randomized controlled trials with 1,034 participants were included in this meta-analysis study, including 518 cases in plasma exchange combined with hemoperfusion group (the combination treatment group) and 516 cases in hemoperfusion group (the control group). Compared with the control group, the combination treatment group was associated with a higher effective rate (relative risk [RR] = 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.11, 1.30], p < 0.00001) and lower fatality rate (RR = 0.28, 95% CI [0.15, 0.52], p< 0.0001); reduced TNF-α (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −1.95, 95% CI [−2.42, −1.48], p < 0.00001), IL-6 (SMD = −1.94, 95% CI [−3.08, −0.80], p = 0.0009), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD = −1.94, 95% CI [−2.86, −1.03], p < 0.0001); shorten coma time (SMD = −1.99, 95% CI [−2.75, −1.24], p < 0.00001), recovery time of cholinesterase activity (SMD = −1.71, 95% CI [−1.90, −1.53], p < 0.00001), and hospital stay (SMD = −1.29, 95% CI [−1.59, −0.98], p < 0.00001). The incidence of complications in the combination treatment group such as liver and kidney damage (RR = 0.30, 95% CI [0.18, 0.50], p < 0.00001), pulmonary infection (RR = 0.29, 95% CI [0.18, 0.47], p < 0.00001), and intermediate syndrome (RR = 0.32, 95% CI [0.21, 0.49], p < 0.00001) was lower than that in the control group. Conclusions: The current evidence suggests that the combination of plasma exchange with hemoperfusion therapy can reduce the mortality of patients with organophosphorus poisoning, shorten the recovery time of cholinesterase activity and the time of coma, reduce the average length of hospital stay, and reduce the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, but high-quality randomized double-blind controlled trials are still required to confirm the current findings in the future.
Uma etnografia institucional do processo de aferição racial na UFBA
Authors: Santana Ícaro Jorge da Silva , Jesus Rita de Cássia Dias Pereira de
Published: July 2023

Compreendendo a problemática da leniência da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) em relação ao combate às fraudes nas cotas étnico-raciais, busca-se, a partir deste texto, apresentar a análise das implicações dos participantes entrevistados sobre o procedimento de aferição racial referente ao ingresso na graduação por cotas étnico-raciais na UFBA, assim como apresentar a descrição do modo de fazer das bancas de aferição da UFBA. Para tanto, busca-se como aporte teórico-metodológico a etnometodologia, a etnografia institucional a partir de entrevistas compreensivas, observação participante e organizando por uma análise de conteúdo. Ao final da pesquisa, apresenta-se interpretação sobre o procedimento da aferição racial, compreendendo o texto formativo das bancas de aferição racial, o processo decisório da banca de aferição racial na UFBA.
livro sonhado
Authors: Alves Fillipe
Published: July 2023

O livro de Hanna Limulja é construído em diálogo direto com os Yanomami, uma etnografia rica e sensível que ressoa várias vozes afim de mostrar como os sonhos yanomami se constituem como uma forma de se relacionar com o mundo e com os que habitam este mundo. Mitos, ritos e as relações de parentesco são explorados sobre uma lente onírica que enriquecem debates consolidados.A obra se revela um convite ao leitor para pensar novos modos de sonhar e portanto de resistir e experienciar o mundo. Esse trabalho busca apresentar  a relevância do livro e reforçar o convite feito pela autora para que possamos conhecer e aprender com os sonhos Yanomami.
Rostificação e figurabilidade: teses gráficas do rosto na arte parietal egípcia
Authors: Santos Potyguara Alencar dos
Published: July 2023

Por meio de quatro coleções visuais tomadas de murais urbanos durante deambulações etnográficas pelo Cairo após os eventos da Revolução Egípcia de 2011, o artigo busca abrir especulações sobre algumas teses despertas pelos gravurismos parietais egípcios contemporâneos através de suas relações pregnantes com a face, com uma teoria do sujeito e com a verdade histórica. Ao intencionar abordar alguns desses experimentos pictóricos baseados nos rostos de jovens manifestantes e de anônimos, ressalta-se que, em vez da máquina abstrata da rostificação do agente revolucionário, os murais egípcios atribuíram à figurabilidade do rosto humano a condição metapolítica de ser qualquer um, sujeito existente para além das segmentações das lutas morais pelo reconhecimento.
"BEM-VINDO A ADIS ABEBA: a vibrante capital diplomática da África": tensões e representações políticas a partir dos ordenamentos urbanos na Etiópia contemporânea
Authors: Wahbeh Jacqueline
Published: July 2023

Buscando identificar os componentes simbólicos que edificaram o título autoproclamado pela Etiópia de capital diplomática da África, analisaremos as construções físicas e narrativas elencadas no projeto de elaboração da capital, Adis Abeba ao longo de seu processo de modernização no século XX. Sobretudo durante os anos 1960, com especial atenção ao processo de transformação do prédio prisional Alem Bekagn em um memorial, às relações internacionais no continente, e o papel do governo etíope nesse contexto das independências africanas em meio as articulações dos primeiros blocos intercontinentais.
Mãe
Authors: Santos Romario de Souza
Published: July 2023

Poema de Romário Souza.
"Vozes d'África": uma oração literária
Authors: Siphone Raquel Abuin
Published: July 2023

Partindo do estudo de Hermann Gunkel, cuja finalidade era mapear as etapas composicionais da representação literária da oração (ato de fé), tentaremos demonstrar como Castro Alves, em seu poema “Vozes d'África”, obedece e/ou transgride o percurso narratológico gunkeliano. Apresentaremos como a adesão do poeta brasileiro a um modelo bíblico fez parte de um plano didático, cujo objetivo era atingir uma camada da sociedade que estava doutrinada por uma exegese bíblica que legitimava a escravização do povo africano. Em seu plano, no entanto, Castro Alves utiliza a fonte primária de tal exegese, isso é, os mitemas judaico-critãos, para demonstrar o absurdo por trás da escravização.
Entrevista com Lúcia Granja
Authors: Bovolato Tatiane Felipe Santana
Published: July 2023

A professora Lúcia Granja nesta entrevista relata sobre seu trabalho de crítica e pesquisadora histórica das crônicas de Machado de Assis. Compartilha sua longa trajetória dos estudos machadianos, os desafios das pesquisas ao longo dos anos e seu parecer em relação a novas pesquisas.
Três miradas sobre o Mangue: representações da prostituição carioca na primeira metade do século XX
Authors: Ferreira Luciana C. B.
Published: July 2023

Em um momento em que o Rio de Janeiro se modernizava, com as reformas urbanas, o Mangue, zona de baixo meretrício carioca, era o emblema máximo da sujeira. O espaço representava tudo aquilo que as classes dominantes desejavam ignorar em prol de um pretenso desenvolvimento e de uma alegada higienização urbana. Jornalistas, juízes, médicos e demais pessoas que ocupavam posições de poder na sociedade tinham particular interesse pela prostituição, tema percebido na época como intrinsecamente ligado ao comportamento da mulher e à moralidade pública, em uma época de intenso crescimento urbano, conforme aponta Margareth Rago (2008, p. 21). Considerando o exercício da prostituição uma atividade remunerada, e levando em consideração também o contextohistórico, o presente artigo busca analisar como as mulheres que vendiam serviços sexuais eram representadas nas artes e na literatura. Para isso, escolhemos três discursos sobre o assunto: o poema “O santeiro do Mangue”, de Oswald de Andrade; as gravuras que compõem o álbum Mangue, de Lasar Segall e algumas obras (sem título) produzidas por Aurora Cursino, pintora que trabalhou como prostituta no Rio de Janeiro durante as décadas de 1920 e 1930.
Da fome à letra: deslocamentos íntimos e geográficos em direção à comida
Authors: Michaelsen Mariana Vogt
Published: July 2023

Nos movimentos em um território, que não é campo nem cidade, as narrativas sobre a fome e a falta delineiam percursos registrados em diários: escritas do (mais ou menos) íntimo. O cotidiano, desse modo, registra-se pela busca por comida, mas também pelos momentos compartilhados e de compartilhamento de comida em As mulheres de Tijucopapo (1982), de Marilene Felinto; Autobiografia precoce (1940) e Parque industrial (1933), de Patrícia Galvão; Casa de alvenaria (1961), Quarto de despejo: diário de uma favelada (1960) e Diário de Bitita (1986), de Carolina Maria de Jesus; e Os supridores (2020), de José Falero. As narrativas acontecem em terrenos reais ou fictícios, mas, em ambos os casos, descrevem e percorrem uma geografia da fome (CASTRO, 1984). Entre a busca por comida e o encontro, mulheres, homens, crianças e trabalhadoras/es são corpos em deslocamento. Em direção à comida: o que se escreve? Diários, cartas, narrativas em primeira pessoa, narrativas em terceira pessoa. Do singular ao plural. Singulares e plurais. Apesar da fome, a voz própria escreve, grita, ecoa.
Uma mudança de clima
Authors: Marinho Francisca Olga
Published: July 2023

Crônica de Francisca Olga Marinho.
Cacau, de Jorge Amado: a ascensão do romance proletário no Brasil (90 anos depois)
Authors: Bergamo Edvaldo Aparecido
Published: July 2023

O artigo examina a obra Cacau, de Jorge Amado, como um admissível romance proletário da matéria rural brasileira. A conhecida obra do autor baiano é uma referência incontornável do denominado romance de 1930, por expor com veemência os empecilhos nacionais insuperados 90 anos depois, como a disputa pela posse da terra, a exploração da mão-de-obra de trabalhadores sem direitos, a condição dependente da nossa economia agroexportadora no sistema-mundo global. Ademais, insere-se como forma literária na disputa sem fronteiras pelos rumos do processo histórico, ao vislumbrar na alternativa revolucionária universal a ultrapassagem dos impasses locais seculares que subjugavam as classes subalternas à condição de dominados das oligarquias regionais subordinadas ao capital internacional.
Sobras
Authors: Tavares André Peric
Published: July 2023

Poema de André Peric Tavares.
Entrevista com André Novais Oliveira
Authors: Azevedo Gabriela Lopes de , Bonavina Rafael , Mouallem Tiago Salomon Bezerra
Published: July 2023

Nesta entrevista com o diretor e produtor André Novais Oliveira, busca-se conversar sobre o filme Temporada (2018), investigar questões críticas relacionadas ao filme – sobretudo relativas à figuração do trabalho e dos trabalhadores – e discutir as percepções autorais acerca da obra. Nesse processo, busca-se também compreender as noções que orientam mais amplamente a criação artística de André Novais Oliveira e a construção do cinema brasileiro contemporâneo.
É preciso despertar
Authors: Alencar Celso de
Published: July 2023

Poema de Celso de Alencar.
Brasil, canteiro de obras: relações entre trabalho e literatura
Authors: Azevedo Gabriela Lopes de , Mouallem Tiago Salomon Bezerra
Published: July 2023

Editorial da Revista Opiniães número 22.
Relationship Between Azithromycin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Unvaccinated Patients With COVID‐19 and Preexisting Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Bergami Maria , Manfrini Olivia , Nava Stefano , Caramori Gaetano , Yoon Jinsung , Badimon Lina , Cenko Edina , David Antonio , Demiri Ilir , Dorobantu Maria , Fabin Natalia , Gheorghe‐Fronea Oana , Jankovic Radmilo , Kedev Sasko , Ladjevic Nebojsa , Lasica Ratko , Loncar Goran , Mancuso Giuseppe , Mendieta Guiomar , Miličić Davor , Mjehović Petra , Pašalić Marijan , Petrović Milovan , Poposka Lidija , Scarpone Marialuisa , Stefanovic Milena , van der Schaar Mihaela , Vasiljevic Zorana , Vavlukis Marija , Vega Pittao Maria Laura , Vukomanovic Vladan , Zdravkovic Marija , Bugiardini Raffaele
Published: July 2023

Background

Empiric antimicrobial therapy with azithromycin is highly used in patients admitted to the hospital with COVID‐19, despite prior research suggesting that azithromycin may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events.

Methods and Results

This study was conducted using data from the ISACS‐COVID‐19 (International Survey of Acute Coronavirus Syndromes‐COVID‐19) registry. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were eligible for inclusion. The study included 793 patients exposed to azithromycin within 24 hours from hospital admission and 2141 patients who received only standard care. The primary exposure was cardiovascular disease (CVD). Main outcome measures were 30‐day mortality and acute heart failure (AHF). Among 2934 patients, 1066 (36.4%) had preexisting CVD. A total of 617 (21.0%) died, and 253 (8.6%) had AHF. Azithromycin therapy was consistently associated with an increased risk of AHF in patients with preexisting CVD (risk ratio [RR], 1.48 [95% CI, 1.06–2.06]). Receiving azithromycin versus standard care was not significantly associated with death (RR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.69–1.28]). By contrast, we found significantly reduced odds of death (RR, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.42–0.79]) and no significant increase in AHF (RR, 1.23 [95% CI, 0.75–2.04]) in patients without prior CVD. The relative risks of death from the 2 subgroups were significantly different from each other (
P
interaction
=0.01). Statistically significant association was observed between AHF and death (odds ratio, 2.28 [95% CI, 1.34–3.90]).

Conclusions

These findings suggest that azithromycin use in patients with COVID‐19 and prior history of CVD is significantly associated with an increased risk of AHF and all‐cause 30‐day mortality.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT05188612.
Baseline Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Disease Versus Stroke: Secondary Analysis of Cardiovascular Outcome Trials
Authors: Balasubramanian Priyadarshini , Kernan Walter N. , Sheth Kevin N. , Ofstad Anne Pernille , Rosenstock Julio , Wanner Christoph , Zinman Bernard , Mattheus Michaela , Marx Nikolaus , Inzucchi Silvio E.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:

Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease are at increased risk for recurrent ischemic events. Cardiovascular risk factor control is vital for secondary prevention, but how this compares among individuals with different T2D macrovascular complications is unknown. We aimed to determine if there might be differences in risk factor control in patients with T2D with previous stroke versus coronary artery disease (CAD).

METHODS:

Cross-sectional analyses were performed on 12 856 patients with T2D with prior history of stroke with or without CAD from 3 diabetes cardiovascular outcome trials: CARMELINA (The Cardiovascular and Renal Microvascular Outcome Study With Linagliptin), EMPA-REG OUTCOME (Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients), and CAROLINA (The Cardiovascular Outcome Study of Linagliptin vs Glimepiride in Type 2 Diabetes). Risk factors at baseline assessed included dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, and current antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy. Control, respectively, was defined as LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-C <100 mg/dL or statin use, systolic blood pressure <140 and diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg, not currently smoking, and use of an antiplatelet/anticoagulant medication. The odds ratio of 3 to 4 (or good) versus 0 to 2 (or suboptimal) risk factors controlled was analyzed by logistic regression models.

RESULTS:

The odds for good versus suboptimal risk factor control in patients with CAD alone was higher than in those with stroke alone across all 3 trials odds ratios (95% CI): CARMELINA, 2.05 (1.67–2.51), EMPA-REG OUTCOME, 2.50 (2.10–2.99), and CAROLINA, 1.63 (1.21–2.20). The respective odds ratios were lower (and rendered nonsignificant in CAROLINA) when cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with both CAD and stroke were compared with those with stroke alone: CARMELINA, 1.45 (1.13–1.87); EMPA-REG OUTCOME, 1.62 (1.25–2.08); and CAROLINA, 1.16 (0.74–1.83).

CONCLUSIONS:

In contemporary populations of patients with T2D, there was significant discordance in control of cardiovascular risk factors between patients with stroke versus CAD, with the former having less optimal control. The intermediate results in patients with both CAD and stroke suggest that these differences could be related at least in part to clinician factors.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT01243424, NCT01131676, NCT01897532.
Saving Animals?
Authors: Marais Nadia
Published: July 2023

‘Saving’ language is often employed in relation to animals—both in conservation campaigns and in animal theology—and therefore the question as to how we speak about animal redemption is arguably of both rhetorical and theological importance. This article considers the rhetorical and hermeneutical dynamics of ‘redemption talk’ in the work of two animal theologians, Andrew Linzey and David Clough. Although language alone may not save animals, cultivating life-giving theological grammars that make for the flourishing of all living beings is arguably a slow and deep and important work that has the capacity to go the distance. Rhetoric could herein become a partner to ethical and practical work that shares the concern for the safety of and care for animals, as well as a resource that could shape how the redemption of animals could be imagined publicly. In short, this article seeks to demonstrate that how we speak about animal salvation matters.
Rooted Challenges: Palestinian Refugees’ Right to Work in Lebanon
Authors: Owda Majd , Abubadawia Raed
Published: July 2023

Since the Arab-Israeli War of 1948, the Palestinian refugees are still waiting to exercise their right of return, which was articulated in General Assembly Resolution 194 and approved by dozens of international resolutions. Despite the wait, Palestinian refugees continue to live in unsustainable conditions in many host countries. In these waiting stations, they are still deprived of many rights. Perhaps Lebanon is one of the most extreme waiting stations in depriving Palestinian refugees their rights, especially the right to work. Indeed, Palestinians are facing considerable obstacles to exercise their right to work in Lebanon because of policies and regulations enacted by the Lebanese government which limit this right. This paper attempts to identify the various Lebanese partisan and sectarian points of view that stand in the way of granting Palestinian refugees their right to work and the recent administrative attempts of the Lebanese government (2021) to grant them this right. In addition, it uncovers the legal and political obstacles faced by these attempts. This paper highlights the continued need of Palestinian refugees in Lebanon for various social, political and international actions to grant them their basic rights in order to preserve human dignity, which cannot be achieved without these rights.
Preface
Authors: Haring Lee
Published: July 2023

The Preface introduces Mayotte (Comoros) and describes the work of the three French ethnographers who collected the tales. It proposes that the tellers used their skills at entertaining their audiences to deal critically with issues like marriage, the family, domination, power, and the need for secrecy.
Breaking Conventions
Authors: Auspos Patricia
Published: July 2023

This rich history illuminates the lives and partnerships of five married couples – two British, three American – whose unions defied the conventions of their time and anticipated social changes that were to come in the ensuing century. In all five marriages, both husband and wife enjoyed thriving professional lives: a shocking circumstance at a time when wealthy white married women were not supposed to have careers, and career women were not supposed to marry.

Patricia Auspos examines what we can learn from the relationships of the Palmers, the Youngs, the Parsons, the Webbs, and the Mitchells, exploring the implications of their experiences for our understanding of the history of gender equality and of professional work. In expert and lucid fashion, Auspos draws out the interconnections between the institutions of marriage and professional life at a time when both were undergoing critical changes, by looking specifically at how a pioneering generation tried to combine the two.

Based on extensive archival research and drawing on mostly unpublished letters, journals, pocket diaries, poetry, and autobiographical writings, Breaking Conventions tells the intimate stories of five path-breaking marriages and the social dynamics they confronted and revealed. This book will appeal to scholars, students, and anyone interested in women’s studies, gender studies, masculinity studies, histories of women in the professions, and the history of marriage.
1. The Making of a Victorian Myth
Authors: Auspos Patricia
Published: July 2023

Alice Freeman Palmer (1855-1902), one of the most influential forces in women’s education in late 19th-century America, became President of Wellesley College at the age of 27 in 1882. A beloved, charismatic leader, she raised the school’s academic standards and solidified its finances. She fell deeply in love with George Herbert Palmer (1842-1933), a professor of Moral Philosophy at Harvard University, but was reluctant to marry him because he insisted she would have to give up the Wellesley presidency. She finally agreed, and they married in 1887. Her public life did not end, however. After she spent several years as a paid lecturer, speaking all over the country on women’s education, she and George were both offered jobs at the newly founded University of Chicago in 1892. George refused to leave Harvard, but Alice continued to negotiate for herself. Overcoming George’s objections, Alice became the first dean of women at the University of Chicago in 1892. She went to Chicago for weeks at a time, leaving him in charge of their Cambridge household and the renovations of their new home, financed in part with her earnings. Alice loved her work, and George applauded her achievements. But he repeatedly pressured her to return home earlier than planned to ease his loneliness or deal with troublesome servants. After three years, she resigned from the deanship and stayed in Cambridge, where she devoted herself to George and a demanding mix of volunteer activities.

After Alice’s untimely death in 1902, George published a best-selling account of her life. His Life of Alice Freeman Palmer (1908) enshrined her in the public imagination as a domestic angel who happily gave up her career to marry the man she loved and fulfill her womanly destiny. As a result, she became a symbol of what a college-educated woman could accomplish before marriage, rather than an inspiration for women who wanted to combine marriage and career. The Palmers’ correspondence and the poems Alice wrote in secret tell a more complex, and more troubling, story of her work and marriage. They reveal how she struggled to maintain her independence and resist his efforts to protect and control her.
Do EU and U.K. Antitrust “Bite”?: A Hard Look at “Soft” Enforcement and Negotiated Penalty Settlements
Authors: Brook Or
Published: July 2023

EU and U.K. antitrust are contingent upon rigorous enforcement and the imposition of sanctions. Hard enforcement is key; antitrust loses its effect when it does not “bite.” Soft instruments (non-adversarial, informal) and negotiated penalty settlements may be used, but authorities are expected to exercise self-restraint. This article reveals that despite the prevalence of hard-enforcement rhetoric, the vast majority of actions taken by the European Commission (1958–2021) and German, Dutch, and U.K. antitrust authorities (2004–2021) were not fully adversarial. The hard-enforcement actions, moreover, were confined to limited practices and sectors. Despite the prominence of non-fully adversarial instruments in Europe, and in striking contrast to the United States, only limited attention was devoted to their existence and implications. Urging to take a hard look at soft enforcement and negotiated penalty settlements, the article systematically records the enforcement instruments and their particularities, questions their effectiveness, and calls to align enforcement theory to practice.
Matching Pursuit for Denoising Raman Spectra, Based on Genetic Algorithm and Hermite Atoms
Authors: Vazquez-Osorio Noe , Castro-Ramos J. , Sánchez-Escobar Juan Jaime
Published: July 2023

Due to its various advantages, Raman spectroscopy has become a powerful tool in different fields of science and engineering; however, in specific applications, this technique's limiting factor is closely related to the inherent noise of the Raman spectra. To eliminate the noise of a Raman spectrum, preserving its position, intensity, and width characteristic, we propose using a genetic matching pursuit-Hermite atoms (GMP-HAs) algorithm in this work. This algorithm helps recover Raman spectra immersed in Gaussian noise with the least number of atoms. The noise-free Raman signal is reconstructed with the GMP-HAs algorithm, transforming the typical best-matching atom search into an optimization problem. Specifically, we maximize the fitness function, defined as the correlation between current residual and Hermite atoms, with the genetic algorithm MI-LXPM encoded in a real domain and avoiding local maxima, by adding a stopping criterion based on an exponential adjustment according to the algorithm's behavior in the presence of noise. Simulated and biological Raman spectra are used to evaluate the proposed algorithm and compare its performance with typically known methods for denoising, such as the Savitzky– Golay filter (SG) and basis pursuit denoising. Using the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N)metric resulted in a 0.31 dB advantage in the S/N product for the proposed algorithm with respect to SG. Additionally, it is shown that the algorithm uses only 25.3% of the number of atoms needed by the matching pursuit algorithm. The results indicate that the GMP-HAs algorithm has better denoising capabilities, and at the same time, the Raman spectra are decomposed with fewer atoms compared to known sparse algorithms.
Employee reactions to planned organizational culture change: A configurational perspective
Authors: Tasoulis Konstantinos , Pappas Ilias O , Vlachos Pavlos , Oruh Emeka Smart
Published: July 2023

Can organizational culture be intentionally changed? And if so, what are the pathways to success versus failure? We address these questions by employing a configurational perspective, which allows us to examine the impact of multiple combinations of employee perceptions and traits on planned organizational culture change. Although employees have long been the focus of culture change research, the complex interactions of factors affecting their reactions have been largely ignored. With such a focus, the study empirically identifies pathways to successful versus failed organizational culture change, drawing rare empirical evidence from 59 interviews and secondary data from one of the longest surviving examples of industrial democracy, John Lewis Partnership, which underwent change geared away from a ‘civil-service’ towards a high-performance culture. Applying a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), we identify multiple equifinal combinations of employee perceptions and traits (e.g., perceived organizational support, empowerment, and tenure) associated with successful or failed organizational culture change. Interestingly, we find more pathways leading to positive (i.e., ‘comparing’, ‘acquitting’, and ‘tolerating’) versus negative (i.e., ‘disillusioning’ and ‘dissociating’) reactions to culture change. We leverage these findings to show that employee reactions are more complex than currently considered, illustrating the value of a configurational perspective in such efforts.
Representing the ‘Little Fresh Meat’ Phenomenon in the Chinese English-Medium News Media: A Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Yu Yating , Li Run , Chan Tayden Fung
Published: July 2023

In China, the phenomenon of ‘little fresh meat’ has recently sparked a contentious debate. However, few studies have examined the thematic concepts surrounding the phenomenon of ‘little fresh meat’ in the Chinese English-medium news media. In order to fill this gap, this study used corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis to examine how the ‘little fresh meat’ phenomenon has been represented discursively in Chinese English-language news media and observe which stance the media take on this phenomenon. The findings show that four semantic domains, namely, entertainment, education, personal care, as well as gender and sexuality, are inextricably intertwined with the ‘little fresh meat’ phenomenon. The findings also show that patriarchal discourse is prominent, and resistance discourse is only subordinate in the representations. This paper sheds light on debates surrounding the ‘little fresh meat’ phenomenon and demonstrates state gender governance through China’s state media.
The right to the smart city in the Global South: A research agenda
Authors: Alizadeh Tooran , Prasad Deepti
Published: July 2023

Urban research has increasingly embraced the Global South, as recent critical scholarship continues opening to Southern cities, scholars and ideas generated from the South. Here, we (the authors, two women of the Global South) think strategically about ‘the Southern urban critique’, ‘the right to the city’ and ‘smart cities’– as well as some limitations of doing so. Intrigued by the fast pace of smart city development across the Global South, and informed by the ongoing critical debates and increasing empirical work focused on the unfolding of ‘smart’ in the Southern cities, we put forward a research agenda ‘the right to the smart city in the Global South’. Through three lenses of expose, propose and politicise this research agenda articulates the smart city shortcomings from a Southern critical perspective to elevate the ongoing empirical studies on the subject, to shed light on the gaps in knowledge, and to produce a normative alternative vision for ‘just smart city’. Our challenge to readers is to help create such smart cities, to engage with and reflect on the arguments in this positioning piece, and then complement them with further normative, future-oriented work – informed by empirical knowledge – to fully map out the particularities of an alternative Southern smart city, to inform planning and policymaking for just smart cities, and to enact the right to the smart city in the Global South.
The Biomechanical Role of the Deltoid Ligament on Ankle Stability: Injury, Repair, and Augmentation
Authors: Brady Alex W. , Bryniarski Anna , Brown Justin R. , Waltz Robert , Stake Ingrid K. , Kreulen Christopher D. , Haytmanek C. Thomas , Clanton Thomas O.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Deltoid ligament injuries occur in isolation as well as with ankle fractures and other ligament injuries. Both operative treatment and nonoperative treatment are used, but debate on optimal treatment continues. Likewise, the best method of surgical repair of the deltoid ligament remains unclear.

Purpose:

To determine the biomechanical role of native anterior and posterior components of the deltoid ligament in ankle stability and to determine the efficacy of simple suture versus augmented repair.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Ten cadaveric ankles (mean age, 51 years; age range, 34-64 years; all male specimens) were mounted on a 6 degrees of freedom robotic arm. Each specimen underwent biomechanical testing in 8 states: (1) intact, (2) anterior deltoid cut, (3) anterior repair, (4) tibiocalcaneal augmentation, (5) deep anterior tibiotalar augmentation, (6) posterior deltoid cut, (7) posterior repair, and (8) complete deltoid cut. Testing consisted of anterior drawer, eversion, and external rotation (ER), each performed at neutral and 25° of plantarflexion. A 1-factor, random-intercepts, linear mixed-effect model was created, and all pairwise comparisons were made between testing states.

Results:

Cutting the anterior deltoid introduced ER (+2.1°; P = .009) and eversion laxity (+6.2° of eversion; P < .001) at 25 degrees of plantarflexion. Anterior deltoid repair restored native ER but not eversion. Tibiocalcaneal augmentation reduced eversion laxity, but tibiotalar augmentation provided no additional benefit. The posterior deltoid tear showed no increase in laxity. Complete tear introduced significant anterior translation, ER, and eversion laxity (+7.6 mm of anterior translation, +13.8° ER and +33.6° of eversion; P < .001).

Conclusion:

A complete deltoid tear caused severe instability of the ankle joint. Augmented anterior repair was sufficient to stabilize the complete tear, and no additional benefit was provided by posterior repair. For isolated anterior tear, repair with tibiocalcaneal augmentation was the optimal treatment.

Clinical Relevance:

Deltoid repair with augmentation may reduce or avoid the need for prolonged postoperative immobilization and encourage accelerated rehabilitation, preventing stiffness and promoting earlier return to preinjury activity.
Influence of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Expression of Genes and Proteins in Patients With Medium Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Kim Hyun Tae , Lee Su Hyun , Lee Jeong Kun , Chung Seok Won
Published: July 2023

Background:

Whether vitamin D deficiency is related to rotator cuff muscle and tendon physiology is controversial.

Purpose:

To assess the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and various gene expression patterns in patients with rotator cuff tears.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

During arthroscopic surgery, samples from the supraspinatus muscle, deltoid muscle, and supraspinatus tendon were acquired from 12 patients with vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration <20 ng/dL) and 12 patients with sufficient vitamin D levels (control group, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration ≥30 ng/dL) who were matched for age, sex, and tear size. Alterations in the expression of genes and proteins associated with myogenesis, muscle atrophy, adipogenesis, inflammation, and apoptosis, as well as in vitamin D receptor expression, were assessed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry and were compared between the 2 groups.

Results:

Vitamin D receptor gene expression in the deltoid muscle was significantly lower in the vitamin D deficiency group than in the control group ( P = .043). Additionally, in the deltoid muscle, myoDgene expression levels were lower and atrogin levels were higher in the vitamin D deficiency group than in the control group ( P = .034 and P = .011, respectively). However, in the supraspinatus muscle, no differences were observed between groups in the expression of myogenesis- or atrophy-related genes (all P > .05). The expression of inflammation-related genes (interleukin ( IL)-1β and IL-6) was significantly higher in the vitamin D deficiency group, in both the deltoid and supraspinatus muscles (all P < .05). The supraspinatus tendon tissue did not show any significant differences in any gene expression evaluated (all P > .05). A correlation between gene and protein expression was observed for atrogin and IL-1β in the deltoid muscle ( P = .019 and P = .037, respectively) and for IL-6 in the supraspinatus muscle ( P = .044).

Conclusion:

Vitamin D deficiency was not associated with the expression of myogenesis-related or muscle atrophy–related genes in the supraspinatus muscle of patients with rotator cuff tears, unlike in the deltoid muscle; rather, vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased proinflammatory cytokine expression.

Clinical Relevance:

In patients with rotator cuff tears, vitamin D deficiency was observed to be associated with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the rotator cuff muscles, without significant changes in gene expression related to myogenesis or muscle atrophy.