bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel pedicle screw design to maximize screw-bone interface strength using finite element analysis and design of experiment techniques
Authors: Prajapati Arvind Kumar , Harikrishna Varma Parimanathukovilakom Ramavarma , Saravana Kumar Gurunathan , Muraleedharan Chirathody Vayalappil , Divakar Ganesh
Published: October 2024

Study Design: Basic study.Purpose: This study aimed to utilize finite element (FE) analysis and design of experiment (DoE) techniques to propose and optimize a novel pedicle screw design and compare its pull-out force with that of a control device.Overview of Literature: Pedicle screw-based fixation is the gold-standard treatment for spine diseases, particularly in fusion procedures. However, pedicle screw loosening and breakage still occur in osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic patients. This research investigates screw design modifications to enhance screw-bone interface strength and reduce the likelihood of loosening.Methods: We conceptualized a novel pedicle screw considering vertebral bone morphology and strength differences. A validated FE model was developed and used in conjunction with DoE to determine the screw՚s optimum geometrical parameters. The FE model was validated through simulation and laboratory experiments using the control device. The optimized thread profiles for cortical bone and cancellous bone were determined, with pull-out force as the primary factor for screw design evaluation.Results: FE analysis results for the control device closely matched experimental results, with less than 5% difference. The chosen unique pitch/depth ratio showed maximum pull-out force for cortical bone, while DoE enabled the optimization of design parameters for cancellous bone. The optimized pedicle screw exhibited a 15% increase in pull-out force compared to the control device.Conclusions: The study proposes a novel pedicle screw design with better pull-out strength than the control device. Combining FE analysis with DoE is an effective approach for screw design optimization, reducing the need for extensive prototyping tests. A two-variable analysis suffices for optimizing cortical bone design parameters, while a multi-variable analysis is more effective for optimizing cancellous bone design parameters.
Exploring cortical trajectory of the lumbar vertebrae: a morphometric study in dry skeletons: a retrospective study in Thailand
Authors: Hanarwut Parika , Iamsaard Sitthichai , Paholpak Permsak , Wisanuyotin Taweechok , Kasai Yuichi , Yurasakpong Laphatrada , Suwannakhan Athikhun , Chaiyamoon Arada
Published: October 2024

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Purpose: This study aimed to explore the morphometry of the Thai lumbar vertebrae.Overview of Literature: The cortical bone trajectory (CBT) is a novel approach for vertebral screw fixation aimed at addressing spinal instability associated with spinal disorders. The morphometry of the lumbar vertebrae is crucial in tailoring screw design for each CBT application, given the significant variations in optimal screw sizes, lengths, and angles among populations.Methods: A total of 300 dried lumbar columns were used to measure the pedicle height (PH) and width (PW), length for cortical bone trajectory (LCT), cephalad screw angle (CSA), axial cortical bone trajectory angle (ACA), and possible cortical zones for the CBT.Results: The following average values were calculated: PH in L1, 15.09±1.44 mm; PW in L5, 16.96±2.42 mm; LCT in L3, 35.75±2.61 mm; CSA in L1, 20.85°±2.30°; and ACA in L5, 21.83°±2.49°. Women generally had shorter PH and PW than men, with significant differences across lumbar levels. The LCT was significantly shorter in women and was notably different between the left and right sides. The CSA and ACA varied significantly between sexes and sides, with specific lumbar levels showing wider angles in one sex over the other. The most common cortical zones for screw tips were Z3 and Z10, with high incidences across all lumbar levels.Conclusions: This study presents detailed lumbar vertebral morphometry data specific to the Thai population. The results are essential for CBT application in screw fixation procedures. This information will contribute to the production of optimally designed screws for Thai patients in the future.
Factors related to surgical site infection in spinal instrumentation surgery: a retrospective study in Japan
Authors: Konishi Kazumasa , Sano Hideto , Kawano Yosuke , Moroi Takehiko , Takeuchi Takumi , Takahashi Masahito , Hosogane Naobumi
Published: October 2024

Study Design: A retrospective study.Purpose: To identify factors involved in surgical site infections (SSIs) after spinal instrumentation surgery performed at a single institution.Overview of Literature: SSIs after spinal instrumentation surgery are a serious complication. Despite reports on risk factors for SSIs in spine surgery, limited studies are related to spinal instrumentation surgery.Methods: In total, 828 patients (338 males and 490 females; mean age, 65.0 years) who underwent spinal instrumentation surgery from 2013 to 2021 in Kyorin University School of Medicine were retrospectively investigated. Patients were divided into the SSI (group I) and non-SSI (group N) groups. Patient characteristics, comorbidity, laboratory, and surgical factors were investigated. Univariate analysis was performed for each item, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for items with significant differences.Results: Fifteen patients (1.85%) had SSIs. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences between groups I and N in history of steroid use, serum albumin, C-reactive protein, number of fixed vertebrae, and perioperative blood transfusion. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a history of steroid use (odds ratio [OR], 5.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41–20.49; p=0.014), serum albumin (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.13–0.84; p=0.020), and perioperative blood transfusion (OR, 5.85; 95% CI, 1.46–23.50; p=0.013) were independent risk factors for SSIs.Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that preoperative nutritional intervention, appropriate management of anemia, and intraoperative and postoperative bleeding control may decrease the incidence of SSIs. However, this study has several limitations, including its retrospective design, analysis of a few SSI cases, and inclusion of various surgical approaches and disease types. Future studies that address these limitations are desirable.
Evaluating the efficacy of a cost-effective, fully three-dimensional-printed vertebra model for endoscopic spine surgery training for neurosurgical residents
Authors: Akbulut Bilal Bahadır , Bölük Mustafa Serdar , Biçeroğlu Hüseyin , Yurtseven Taşkın
Published: October 2024

Study Design: A fused deposition modeling three-dimensional (3D)-printed model of the L4–5 vertebra for lumbar discectomy was designed. The model included separately printed dura mater, spinal cord, ligamentum flavum, intervertebral disc (from thermoplastic polyurethane), and bony structures (from polylactic acid), and the material cost approximately US$ 1 per model. A simple plumbing endoscope was used for visualization. Dura mater injury was assessed by painting two layers on the dura mater, which peeled off with trauma.Purpose: Endoscopic spine surgery is a subject of high interest in neurosurgery given its minimally invasive nature; however, it has a steep learning curve. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a cost-efficient 3D-printed model when teaching this technique to neurosurgery residents.Overview of Literature: Only a few studies have investigated the efficacy of such a model.Methods: Eight residents with >2 years of training participated. Residents performed the procedure bilaterally and twice at 1-week intervals.Results: From the 32 surgeries, four were excluded because of facet removal (as it widened the surgical corridor), leaving 28 surgeries for analysis. Initial surgeries demonstrated a mean operation time of 21 minutes 18 seconds (standard deviation [SD], 2 minutes 32 seconds), which improved to a mean of 6 minutes 45 seconds (SD, 37 seconds) in the fourth surgery (F(3, 17)=19.18, p <0.0001), demonstrating a significant reduction in surgical time over successive surgeries. The median area with the paint removed decreased, from 161.80 (85.55–217.83) to 95.13 mm2 (12.62–160.54), (F(2.072, Inf)=2.04, p =0.128); however, this was not significant. Resident feedback indicated high satisfaction with the educational value of the model.Conclusions: The developed fully 3D-printed model provides a viable and scalable option for neurosurgical training programs, enhancing the learning experience while maintaining low costs. This model may be an excellent stepping stone for learning lumbar spine endoscopy, acclimating to the two-dimensional view, progressing to cadaver models, and, eventually, independent surgery.
Escuchando al corazón: El poder de las emociones en el proceso de aprendizaje
Authors: Burgos Acosta Juan José
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La agonía del paradigma racionalista de la educación cada día coge más fuerza; las evidencias aportadas desde la neurociencia muestran que las emociones son definitivas en el camino del aprendizaje. Metodología: La metodología implementada usó bases de datos especializadas como ProQuest, Eric, Google Académico y el repositorio de la Fundación Española Marcelino Botín para identificar estudios, artículos y libros relacionados con la expresión de emociones en el aprendizaje, a partir de términos como "emoción", "expresión emocional", "aprendizaje", "educación". Se analizaron estudios para determinar tendencias. Resultados: Algunos hallazgos permiten establecer que las emociones juegan un papel determinante en la formación de la memoria y la atención durante el proceso de aprendizaje, ya sea para debilitarlo o fortalecerlo, lo que está relacionado con el éxito o fracaso académico. El debate surge de las tensiones que emergen entre tener que aprender, lo cual se asocia a emociones como el miedo y el querer aprender que se relaciona con emociones como la confianza y el amor. Conclusiones: Se concluye que las emociones negativas afectan el éxito académico y que está asociado a los sistemas de evaluación, estilos de enseñanza del profesor y los nichos sociales de los estudiantes.
100 días de pandemia: narrativas de los think tanks en el inicio de la Covid-19
Authors: Roger-Monzó Vanessa , Castelló-Sirvent Fernando
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Esta investigación examina el discurso que desarrollan los medios de comunicación españoles sobre los think tanks durante el período inicial de la crisis Covid-19. Metodología: Se realiza un análisis textual de las noticias aparecidas en medios nacionales y en lengua española que hacen referencia a think tanks. La búsqueda de las publicaciones relativas a estas organizaciones se ha realizado mediante la herramienta Factiva®. El período analizado se inicia el 31 de enero de 2020, con la declaración de la alerta sanitaria internacional lanzada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y finaliza 100 días después, coincidiendo con el inicio de la fase de desescalada. Se han recuperado 136 publicaciones que han sido examinadas mediante T-LAB Plus 2021, un software de análisis de datos cualitativo-cuantitativo. Resultados: Las evidencias halladas revelan que los contenidos que publican los medios de comunicación sobre think tanks constituyen informaciones de resultados de los análisis que elaboran y propuestas derivadas de los mismos. Conclusiones: De forma global, abordan temas de preocupación social circunscritos al ámbito de las consecuencias y soluciones de la crisis económica derivada de la Covid-19.
“Red Gold” by Upton Sinclair and Piotr Pavlenko: Unwritten Soviet-American Novel
Authors: Panova Olga Yu.
Published: October 2024

On April 16, 1938 Upton Sinclair sent a letter to the editors of the Soviet magazine International Literature, in which he shared the idea of a new novel Red Gold and asked to find him a co-author among Soviet writers. In his letter U. Sinclair gave a detailed synopsis of the novel: the plot was to be based on the story of a young American engineer who in the mid-1920s goes to Siberia to provide Soviet gold mining with the American technology. There on the banks of the river Lena he meets a Russian Bolshevik girl and they fall in love. As an American “bourgeois specialist” he used to believe that capitalism is the most effective social and economic system; his belief, however, was shaken in the course of ideological disputes with his girl-friend, and the Great Depression of the 1930s increased his doubts. Soviet partners proposed Piotr Pavlenko as co-author, and the writers began to exchange letters, discussing their future work and various details of the planned novel. The project was supervised by the Foreign Commission of the Soviet Writers’ Union; its functionaries reported to party and government organs (the Central Committee of the Communist Party, the Peopleʼs Commissariat of Foreign Affairs). Letters signed by Pavlenko were read, edited and approved at several levels of Soviet bureaucracy, from the Writersʼ Union to the Press Department of the Central Party Committee. Thus, Upton Sinclair, in fact, negotiated and argued not just with his co-author, but with a hierarchial administrative body with a strict chain of command. Due to the obvious discrepancy between his own and Soviet attitudes, Sinclair soon decided to abandon the idea of a “collective novel”. The study is based on the materials from the funds of the Russian State Archive of Arts and Literature (RGALI).
Retelling: a New Genre or an Insufficiently Investigated “Old” Notion?
Authors: Nenarokova Maria R.
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on the phenomenon known as “retelling”. The mass reader, both domestic and foreign, perceives retelling as one of the neterature genres. The word “retelling” is borrowed from the English language. According to the English-language publications concerning retelling, in modern mass consciousness this concept corresponds, on the one hand, to the methods of borrowing and processing plots, known in European culture since antiquity, on the other, to a system of primary and secondary features, reproduced in mass literature texts. However, neither American nor British literary criticism knows such a genre. Foreign literary critics use the term “adaptation”, which implies one type of the text transformation: from a literary work to a theatrical production or film. Russian researchers apply the term “adaptation” to the alterations of classical literature for theatre, cinema, television and computer games. Although in the English language culture retelling is perceived as a new, recently emerged phenomenon, the first authorʼs adaptations of classical works appeared at the beginning of the 19th century. The collection of stories “Tales from Shakespeare”, written by Charles and Mary Lamb can be considered the first example of a “retelling” adaptation. The “Preface” to the stories contains the principles, formulated by the authors. According to the given principles they reworked Shakespeareʼs plays for childrenʼs reading. These principles fall under both the concept of “retelling” and the concept of “adaptation”. The research shows that though “retelling” is perceived as one of the characteristic features of modern culture, this phenomenon existed as a conscious way of creative working with text for at least two centuries. This phenomenon is not a genre, but a set of techniques for transforming a text, a still insufficiently studied universal of literary creativity.
Evaluación de la huella de carbono en un horno de ladrillo rojo
Authors: Garza Galicia Alejandro
Published: October 2024

Uno de los procesos más contaminantes en México es la producción de ladrillo rojo; su importancia radica en la economía y desarrollo de diferentes grupos marginados, siendo un pilar para el desarrollo de la industria de la construcción residencial; sin embargo, genera una significativa huella de carbono que, al mismo tiempo, ha provocado un problema toxicológico por la cantidad de enfermedades en la población dedicada a este sector. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo, obtener la huella de carbono real mediante el monitoreo de las emisiones de monóxido y bióxido de carbono a la atmósfera, por la combustión abierta de un horno tradicional, al determinar las cantidades de carbono equivalente y comparar la huella obtenida por el monitoreo con la calculada por la metodología de factores equivalentes. Se identificó que la huella del monitoreo es 48 % mayor, lo que significa que, factores alusivos al proceso como la geometría, el tamaño y el acomodo de la leña, el régimen de flujo dentro de la cámara de combustión y las pérdidas por transferencia de calor, hacen que la combustión en este tipo de hornos funcione con una eficiencia muy baja, provocando serios efectos al cambio climático.
Evaluación de la aplicación del proyecto Ambiental Escolar PRAE de la IEM Ciudad de Pasto
Authors: Hernández Erazo Santiago Miguel , Toledo Hurtado Paula Andrea , Torres Martínez Luz Nathalia
Published: October 2024

Este estudio se concentra en la evaluación del impacto del Proyecto Ambiental Escolar (PRAE) en la Institución Educativa Municipal Ciudad de Pasto sobre la comunidad educativa. Con el objetivo de alcanzar este propósito, se estableció metas específicas que, inicialmente, incluyeron un diagnóstico para identificar las dificultades que la comunidad educativa enfrenta en la implementación adecuada del PRAE. La metodología empleada abarcó una investigación evaluativa con enfoque mixto (cualitativo, cuantitativo), utilizando herramientas como encuestas, árbol de problemas y matriz DOFA. Los resultados del estudio pusieron de manifiesto deficiencias en la educación ambiental en todos los niveles, evidenciando la falta de conciencia ambiental y prácticas inapropiadas de gestión de residuos entre los estudiantes de grados inferiores. Aunque los docentes, administrativos y directivos demostraron un entendimiento más sólido del PRAE, se destacó la falta de compromiso general para integrar la educación ambiental en todas las áreas curriculares. Se subrayó la necesidad de promover el proyecto de manera más efectiva y de implementar políticas de educación ambiental. Entre las debilidades identificadas se encontró la gestión ineficiente de residuos sólidos, la limitación de fondos dependientes de entidades gubernamentales y, la falta de colaboración y compromiso de la comunidad educativa en la educación ambiental del PRAE. Por otro lado, se resalta oportunidades como la colaboración activa con entidades públicas y privadas para actividades sostenibles, así como el cumplimiento de los lineamientos legales y la reputación destacada del colegio en la ciudad de Pasto. No obstante, se señaló la necesidad de abordar la falta de participación activa en el PRAE, afectando la comprensión del programa y generando resistencia al cambio de mentalidad.
Monitoreo para cultivos hidropónicos aplicando IoT y Visión Artificial mediante uso de energía solar
Authors: Muñoz Villota Ana Sofía , Yepez Moran Ivette Camila , Díaz Iguá Alejandro , Eraso García David , Moncayo Torres Edna Margarita , Piamba Mamián Tito Manuel
Published: October 2024

La implementación de un sistema de monitoreo destinado a un cultivo hidropónico en el municipio de Contadero permite hacer uso de diversos sensores para medir variables relevantes del cultivo, entre ellas, la conductividad, el nivel de agua, el pH y la temperatura tanto del agua como del ambiente. Durante el proceso se instaló una cámara para hacer seguimiento del cultivo, que permitió extender el proyecto hacia la visión artificial. Esta implementación hizo posible reducir en gran medida el tiempo que se dedicó al plantío. Se realizó el seguimiento para constatar que esta actividad requería pasar una gran parte del día para hacer las mediciones; con la implementación de los sensores las variables fueron monitoreadas con más eficiencia y eficacia. Además, la investigación buscó avanzar en términos de energía solar, con la instalación a futuro de paneles solares en una de las unidades del cultivo. Los datos óptimos obtenidos por los sensores consistieron en: una temperatura de entre 18 °C y 29 °C, una humedad relativa en un rango de 40 a 45 %, un valor de pH de entre 5.5 y 6.5 y una conductividad eléctrica de entre 1 y 2 dS/m.
Brine shrimp lethality and antioxidant property of Lagenaria breviflora (Benth.) Roberty fruit crude extract and fractions
Authors: Ogunlakin Akingbolabo , Ojo Oluwafemi , Olagookun Favour , Adeyeye Sophie , Olanrewaju Adesoji , Berena Godwin , Adedoyin Oluwadamilola , Esievo Kevwe , Isa Roheemoh , Sonibare Mubo
Published: October 2024

Background: Oxidative injury plays a pivotal impact in the development of human diseases, and it is a major component of the pathophysiology of several inflammation-linked human medical disorders. 
Objective: The focus of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and antioxidant potential of the fruit of Lagenaria breviflora (Benth.) Roberty (LB).
Methods: The antioxidant capacity of L. breviflora's crude and solvent fractions was assessed using standard techniques by measuring the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The data we0re analyzed using One-way ANOVA, and Dunnett's Multiple Comparison was used to establish the threshold.
Results: The total flavonoid contents of fruit methanol extract, LB hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions were 32.00 ± 0.94, 224.32 ±0.05, 224.06 ±0.14, and 2615.67 ± 13.20 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of extract, respectively. In contrast, the total phenolic contents were 5218.83 ± 3.18, 2615.67 ± 13.20, and 4553.00 ± 24.27 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of extract, respectively. The crude extract of LB, hexane fraction, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fraction displayed IC50 values of 242.57 ± 8.90, 262.91 ± 6.49, 96.17 ± 2.74, and 221.45 ± 0.83 μg/mL, respectively, for their ability to scavenge DPPH radicals. Ascorbic acid and rutin had IC50 values of 2.76 ± 0.01 and 20.6 ± 9.26 μg/mL, respectively.
Conclusions: Fruit from L. breviflora (LB) exhibited strong antioxidant potential, which may have resulted from the fruit's phenolic and flavonoid content. This demonstrates the reason this herb is used in traditional medicine.  
Keywords: Oxidative stress, brine shrimp lethality assay, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, DPPH, Lagenaria breviflora fruit.
Foreword
Authors: E. Snow Catherine
Published: October 2024

The breadth of topics covered in this volume gives some sense of the range of Brian MacWhinney’s perspectives on and contributions to our understanding of language -- how it is learned, represented, and studied. My brief personal reflections will focus on this latter contribution – how language is studied, and how researchers can be supported in studying the acquisition and use of language, with appropriate attention to variation due to the language features themselves, the learner’s stage of development, the linguistic context, the activity being engaged in, and the presence of clinical impairments.
Schulverweigerung als familiales Problem
Authors: Eckold Anja
Published: October 2024

Schulverweigerung wird in diesem Beitrag nicht als Krise oder Pathologie zum Thema, sondern als eine Herausforderung für die familiale Erziehung. Beginnend mit einer Einführung in die Geschichte einer Familie, in der zwei Kinder die Schule unregelmäßig besuchen, wird die Frage nach der Schulverweigerung als familialem Erziehungsproblem gestellt. Im theoretischen Teil wird der Bogen von Arendt (Autorität) und Weber (Macht, Legitimität) über Bourdieu/Passeron, Foucault bis Ecarius (Disziplinierung, Erziehung) geschlagen und die Frage nach einer Erziehungsverunsicherung aufgeschlossen, die seitens der Eltern gegenüber der kindlichen Verweigerung des Schulbesuchs anschließend untersucht wird. Die rekonstruktive Auseinandersetzung mit dem Fallbeispiel weist nicht in Richtung pädagogisch notwendiger Unterstützung des Kindes, sondern wird als ein Phänomen erkannt, dem auf diese Weise gerade nicht wirksam begegnet werden kann.
„Einsicht“ in die eigene Unterwerfung?! Die Position der Schwangeren in den Bundesverfassungsgerichtsurteilen zu Schwangerschaftsabbrüchen
Authors: Möller Daniela
Published: October 2024

Dieser Beitrag verfolgt das Ziel, aufzuzeigen, dass es für die Verwirklichung des Rechts auf reproduktive Selbstbestimmung eines verfassungsrechtlichen Paradigmenwechsels bedarf, der in feministischen Debatten teils nicht explizit in den Blick genommen wird. Um dies plausibilisieren zu können, wird die Position der Schwangeren in den beiden einschlägigen Urteilen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts herausgearbeitet, was hinter der Folie des Geschlechtervertrags im klassischen Gesellschaftsvertrag sowie des Neuen Geschlechtervertrags erfolgt. Dabei wird sich zeigen, dass die Gesetzesänderung 1993 im Strafgesetzbuch, die in erster Linie die Beratungspflicht und die daran anschließende Möglichkeit des straffreien, aber nicht legalen Schwangerschaftsabbruchs beinhaltete, nicht die Selbstbestimmungsrechte der Schwangeren fokussiert, sondern einen Strategiewechsel im Schutzkonzept des „ungeborenen Lebens“ markiert.
Kapitalismus und Eingeschlechtlichkeit. Geschlechterideologie jenseits der Anrufung
Authors: Grubner Barbara
Published: October 2024

Die feministische Gesellschaftstheorie bemüht sich gegenwärtig um eine Neubestimmung des Verhältnisses von Kapitalismus und Geschlechterhierarchie. Der Beitrag stellt die feministische Kapitalismuskritik des aktuellen Denkens der sexuellen Differenz vor. Ausgehend von Befunden der feministischen Ökonomie kommt hier ein Subjekt- und Geschlechterverständnis zum Einsatz, das an der Macht- und Ideologietheorie der Lacan’schen Psychoanalyse orientiert ist, um die widersprüchlichen Geschlechterverhältnisse in westlich-kapitalistischen Gegenwartsgesellschaften zu verstehen. In deutlichem Kontrast zu breiter diskutierten kultur- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Perspektiven der Gender Studies formuliert dieser Ansatz die These, dass spätkapitalistische Produktions- und Organisationsformen nicht auf Zweigeschlechtlichkeit und Heteronormativität angewiesen sind, um die Geschlechterhierarchie auf Dauer zu stellen. Der zentrale herrschaftseinbindende Moment ist vielmehr die Auslöschung der sexuellen Differenz.
Migration und Geschlecht. Eine Reflexion über die paradigmatischen Grundlagen gendersensibler Migrationsforschung
Authors: Trzeciak Miriam Friz
Published: October 2024

Der Beitrag bietet einen Überblick über soziologische und sozialwissenschaftliche Ansätze der gegenwärtigen Forschungslandschaft im Feld Migration und Geschlecht. Ohne Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit zu erheben, zeichnet er profilbildende Debatten der gendersensiblen Migrationsforschung nach und legt Wechselbezüge zwischen Geschlechter- und Migrationsforschung offen. Zunächst werden die historischen Ursprünge der gendersensiblen Migrationsforschung insbesondere im Hinblick auf die sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung zum europäischen Kontext skizziert und grundlegende Impulse aus der Geschlechterforschung diskutiert. In einem zweiten Schritt werden exemplarisch entlang verschiedener Forschungsansätze, dem Doing-Migration-Ansatz, Queer Diaspora Studies sowie Geschlecht im Kontext von citizenship und Postkolonialen Studien, einige der zentralen Leitlinien der aktuellen gendersensiblen Migrationsforschung vorgestellt. Schließlich werden einige der künftigen Herausforderungen für eine gendersensible Migrationsforschung diskutiert, zu denen etwa die De-Naturalisierung der Forschungsgegenstände, ihre gesellschaftstheoretische Einbettung sowie die Reflexion vielfältiger Positionalitäten gehören.
Die Leibsprache der Geschlechter. Eine Intervention
Authors: König Tomke , Wolf Benedikt
Published: October 2024

In den Theoriediskussionen und im Alltagsgeschäft der Geschlechterforschung spielen Überlegungen zum Verhältnis von Körper und Sprache eine wichtige Rolle. Während in dekonstruktivistischen Ansätzen der Körper und körperliche Erfahrungen als immer schon sprachlich vermittelt gelten, wird der Eigenwilligkeit des Körpers in aktuellen aktivistischen Kontexten sowie phänomenologischen Ansätzen eine besondere Funktion für den Wandel der Geschlechterordnung zugesprochen. Gemeinsam ist diesen Ansätzen, dass sie Sprache und Körper als voneinander unterscheidbare und einander entgegengesetzte Entitäten denken. Unsere Intervention möchte, ausgehend vom erlebenden und sprechenden Leib, das Denken in den Bahnen des Paradigmas Körper/Sprache kritisieren und Vorschläge zu einem para-doxen Ausweg aus der Polarisierung von Sprachprimat und Leibemphase machen. Hierfür wird auf Überlegungen Roland Barthes’ zu Materialität und Leiblichkeit (poetischer) Sprache, auf Erkenntnisse aus der linguistischen Pragmatik sowie auf den Ansatz des US-amerikanischen Sprachphilosophen und Psychotherapeuten Eugene T. Gendlin zurückgegriffen. Die Produktivität eines Ansatzes, der aus diesen Positionen einen neuen Blick auf Geschlecht gewinnt, wird abschließend in einer knappen Lektüre von Kim de l’Horizons autofiktionalem Roman Blutbuch (2022) durchgespielt.
Exploring the Lived Experiences and Coping Mechanisms of Unmarried Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Pakistan
Authors: Athar Zahra , Javed Nayab
Published: October 2024

The current research aimed to demonstrate the lived experiences and coping mechanisms of unmarried women suffering from Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Pakistan, given that it is the most prevalent endocrine disorder. Furthermore, the study also focused on how these women cope with PCOS, based on a phenomenological qualitative research design. The study utilized a qualitative research design comprising in-depth interviews analyzed through thematic analysis to understand the lived experiences of women with PCOS. Moreover, the perceptions regarding the cultural norms, societal expectations, as well as health information sources were also examined. The results revealed a multifaceted web of stigma, misinformation, and desire to be perceived positively by family and community. Additionally, the study outlined the strategies employed by these women to cope with excessive hair growth anxiety, ranging from medications, diet, and exercises, to using natural remedies. It also underscored the importance of familial support including the access to authentic information as it is helpful for these women to optimally self-manage their emotional well-being. The current study provided a better understanding pertaining to specific healthcare issues faced by unmarried women with PCOS in Pakistan. Moreover, it also enhanced the advocacy for the culturally appropriate and societal stigma targeted interventions to encourage the provision of relevant healthcare services. Furthermore, this study may contribute to new policy adjustments and improvements of healthcare services to enhance the PCOS vulnerable members’ conditions through raising awareness.
Pengaruh Rasio Profitabilitas, Likuiditas dan Solvabilitas terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Otomotif yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Pangestu Retno , Tyas Karunia Zuraidaning , Rachman Bobi
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan dalam memahami situasi dari keuangan pada perusahaan yang berada pada sector bidang otomotif yang menerapkan kriteria perusahaan di BEI dari tahun 2018 hingga 2020. Dengan data sekunder yang terkumpul pada dokumen keuangan yang sudah dikonfirmasi, kuantitatif menjadi dasar dalam desain penelitian ini. Populasi dan sampelnya adalah berbagai perusahaan sub bidang manufaktur sub-sub otomotif pada BEI pada tahun 2018 hingga 2020. Populasi dan sampel terdiri dari beberapa perusahaan manufaktur sub-sub mobil yang ada pada BEI range tahun 2018 sampai dengan 2020. Tiga puluh perusahaan dengan kriteria tahun buku 2018–2020 pada 10 perusahaan mobil pada Bursa Efek Indonesia yang dijadikan sampel penelitian. Hasil pengolahan data memperlihatkan variabel Profitabilitas (X1) memiliki pengaruh yang tinggi pada variabel Kinerja Keuangan (Y) terbukti dari nilai korelasi sebesar 0,00 < 0,05 sehingga hipotesis tervalidasi. Pada nilai korelasi masing-masing sebesar 0,077 > 0,05 dan 0,078 < 0,05 maka variabel Likuiditas (X2) dan Solvabilitas (X3) tidak mempunyai pengaruh yang cukup besar terhadap variabel Kinerja Keuangan (Y). Oleh karena itu, teori tersebut terbantahkan. Variabel profitabilitas (X1), kemudian variabel likuiditas (X2), dan Solvabilitas (X3) memiliki hubungan positif signifikan terhadap Kinerja Keuangan (Y) sebesar 85,5% yaitu 85,5%. Nilai Adjusted R Square setiap variabel independen dan variabel dependen mempunyai nilai sebesar 0,855.
Pioneering Digital Ventures: Investigating Proactive Personality, Education, and Opportunity in Malaysian Higher Education
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kee Daisy Mui Hung , Khor Yen Jou ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Khor Jie Ning ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Han Jia Yue ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Jiang Xin Lan ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Singh Ayushi ,   IMS Engineering College
Published: October 2024

Digital entrepreneurship has become increasingly important in the context of Industry 4.0. This study explores the connections between digital entrepreneurial intention, proactive personality, entrepreneurial education, and entrepreneurial opportunity among Malaysian public university students. Additionally, it examines the mediating roles of attitudes, subjective norms, and PBC, guided by the TPB. A quantitative research design was employed, collecting data from 250 students, which was then analyzed using SPSS to test the proposed model. The findings reveal that entrepreneurial education and PBC are significant predictors of students’ digital entrepreneurial intention. Moreover, proactive personality, entrepreneurship education, and entrepreneurial opportunity indirectly influence digital entrepreneurial intention via PBC. These results contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the factors driving digital entrepreneurial intention and highlight the importance of fostering educational environments that support entrepreneurship. The study provides valuable insights for educators and policymakers to develop strategies that enhance digital entrepreneurial capacities among students, promoting innovation and self-employment opportunities
Women and legal education
Authors: Kundal Navjeet Sidhu , Singh Garima
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the gendered experiences of female students in Indian law schools, highlighting the influence of societal norms and patriarchal expectations on their education and career choices. Despite the growing presence of national universities offering legal education, women continue to face significant challenges rooted in traditional gender roles. These societal pressures often dictate the professions deemed appropriate for women, reinforcing male-dominated norms and limiting their professional autonomy. Through an analysis of the experiences of female law students, this study sheds light on the structural barriers they encounter both within educational institutions and in broader society. The findings emphasize the need for systemic changes at the home, workplace, and societal levels to create a more equitable environment for women pursuing careers in law.
Correlation between teacher competence and the self-efficacy of secondary school teachers
Authors: Shukla Jyoti
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to compare the different levels of teacher competence and self-efficacy among secondary school teachers. A comparative survey method for descriptive research was used. A total of 147 secondary school teachers were selected through a random sampling method. Analysis of variance was used for data analysis. The key finding of this study is that among male and female teachers with high, moderate, and low competency levels, there are no significant differences in self-efficacy. Government teachers show no significant differences in self-efficacy with respect to their competence levels, but private teachers show an apparent pattern. Private teachers differ only in terms of high and low levels of self-efficacy; neither high nor medium self-efficacy levels differ from one another.
Digital diaspora
Authors: Dhiman Pankaj , Paliktzoglou Vasileios
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we examined the relationship between social networking sites (SNSs) and the coping strategies international students adopt amidst cultural shocks in India, particularly in the vibrant locale of Chandigarh. The study scrutinizes pivotal factors that influence international students' SNS use and creates and validates an instrument that measures this relationship. Grounded in the uses and gratifications theory (UGT), this research introduces an instrument—the Social Capital Assessment Scale and Inventory (SCASI), which was developed via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The research concludes that SNSs play a pivotal role in the globalization of information, encompassing education, knowledge dissemination, interactivity, and cultural exchange in geographically diverse countries such as India.
A Large Language Model-Based Question Answering System for Online Public Administrative Services
Authors: Tran Van-Khanh
Published: October 2024

Public administrative services are one of the key concerns for citizens; however, there are still numerous procedures and issues that citizens encounter and need clarification on. This study aims to alleviate some of this burden on officials by developing a Question Answering System (QnA) to address inquiries about public administrative services. We present a framework for utilizing Large Language Models to develop and implement a QnA system on the Online Public Administrative Service Portal in Ha Giang Province.We also provide extensive experimental analysis to demonstrate the effectiveness of each component in the QnA system.
5. Sınıf Türkçe Öğretim Programının Dezavantajlı Öğrenciler Üzerindeki Etkililiğinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Yirçi Mehmet , Yumuşak Güngör
Published: October 2024

Göçmen çocukların yeni okul ortamlarına uyum sağlamalarında dil becerilerinin geliştirilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Türkçe dersleri, dil eğitimi konusunda destek sağlayan en önemli derslerdendir. Alan yazında, göçmen çocuklara dil becerilerini kazandırmaya yönelik birçok çalışmaya rastlanırken, Türkçe programlarının göçmen çocuklara uygulanabilirliğinin değerlendirildiği herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanamamıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, "İlköğretim 5. sınıf Türkçe dersi öğretim programının dezavantajlı öğrenciler açısından eğitsel değeri nedir?" sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Araştırma, Eisner (1985)’in Eğitsel Eleştiri modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen bir program değerlendirme çalışmasıdır ve durum çalışması ile desenlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler betimleme, yorumlama, değerlendirme ve temalaştırma başlıklarıyla sunulmuştur. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına bakıldığında, öğrencilerin Türkçeyi konuşma ve anlama konusundaki zorluklarının, kazanımların kavranmasını ve öğrencilere kazandırılmasını güçleştirdiği görülmüştür. Öğretmenler, bu kazanımların göçmen öğrencilerin seviyesinin üzerinde olduğunu belirtmiştir. Dil yetersizliği nedeniyle öğretmenlerin bu kazanımlara daha fazla zaman ayırması gerekmiş; ancak kazanımlar için ayrılan sürenin yetersiz kaldığı ifade edilmiştir. Göçmen öğrencilerin konuları daha iyi kavrayabilmesi için daha fazla etkinlik yapılmasına ihtiyaç duyulduğu, bu nedenle öğretmenlerin ek etkinlik örneklerine gereksinim duyduğu vurgulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, kazanımlara ayrılan sürenin artırılması, öğretmenlere hizmet içi eğitim ve materyal desteği sağlanması gibi önlemlerin, programın göçmen öğrenciler açısından eğitsel değerini artırabileceği düşünülmektedir.
The effect of corporate governance attributes on human capital disclosure in South Africa
Authors: Magau Mpho Dennis
Published: October 2024

The disclosure of human capital (HC) information in corporate reports continues to be at the centre of discussions in the executive boardroom. Currently, standard setters grapple with implementing uniform disclosure requirements for human capital disclosure (HCD) and as a result this information is scant, erratic, and inconsistently reported.  Hence the ISO 30414 was introduced to breach this gap.  The aim of the study is to critically examine how corporate governance attributes affect HCD.  A quantitative based cross-sectional design was followed using a sample of top 100 companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE).  The ISO 30414 HR reporting framework containing 48 metrics was utilised to construct an assessment instrument with a 7-point scale to assess the extent of HCD.  Overall, board meeting attendance yielded positive statistically significant association with HC information disclosed on recruitment, retention rate, turnover rate, internal mobility rate, competency rate, employee value-added, absenteeism rate. The board of directors play a critical role in improving the disclosure of HC information in the integrated reports.  The study provides first empirical evidence on the impact corporate governance attributes have on HCD using the ISO 30414 HR reporting framework.
Determinants Of Msmes Welfare Through Sharia Financial Literacy In Ultra-Micro Financing
Authors: Hasan Asyari , Nasution Siti Sarah , Nasution Hairatunnisah , Arafah Santi
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine how much influence sharia financial inclusion, financial experience and financial management have on the welfare of MSMEs through sharia financial literacy at PT. Pegadaian Syariah Langsa. This research uses a quantitative approach using 88 MSME actors who are registered in Ultra Micro financing. Based on cross section data using analysis techniques in the form of SEM-PLS. The results of the research analysis conducted with 5% alpha show that  sharia financial literacy moderates by strengthening the relationship between sharia financial inclusion and sharia financial experience on the welfare of MSMEs, while sharia financial literacy neither strengthens nor weakens the relationship between financial management and the welfare of MSMEs. The welfare of MSMEs is based on a good and increasing condition of productive businesses owned by individuals and / or individual business entities that have micro business criteria must be based on an understanding of sharia financial literacy, because sharia financial literacy is a fundamental factor for economic growth and financial stability in sharia
Automedicación y complicaciones en la salud en la zona rural del oriente de El Salvador
Authors: Bermúdez de Díaz Fátima Elizabeth , Campos Hernández Maximiliano Enrique
Published: October 2024

Resumen: La automedicación representa un desafío significativo para las sociedades globales dado el creciente número de individuos que optan por esta práctica sin la prescripción ni supervisión de profesionales de la salud. Este comportamiento conlleva riesgos potenciales para la salud, ya que implica la ingestión de medicamentos sin la debida evaluación clínica y orientación médica.  Objetivo: Describir la automedicación y su relación con las complicaciones de la salud de los habitantes del área rural de la zona oriental de El Salvador, generando la pregunta de investigación:  ¿cuál es la relación de la automedicación con las complicaciones de la salud de los habitantes de la zona oriental de El Salvador? Materiales y métodos: Para el desarrollo de la investigación se utilizó el enfoque cuantitativo con la finalidad de usar procesos estadísticos para el análisis y procesamiento de la información, con una metodología deductiva que permitió servir de guía para la recolección de la información. Resultado: A través del análisis y procesamiento de la información recopilada se pudo identificar que un alto porcentaje de la población encuestada posee un grado “Básico” de estudios académico. En cuanto a las razones para automedicarse predomina la “Falta de tiempo” de los participantes para acudir a un centro asistencial y ser atendidos por el personal de Salud. Conclusiones: La automedicación es la actividad en la que las personas ingieren medicamentos sin haber recibido una receta dispensada por un médico. Esta práctica conlleva riesgos directos para la salud de la población.
 
Fecha de recepción: 21/11/2023
Aceptación de originales: 25/06/2024
Порівняльний аналіз становлення та розвитку криптовалют у світі: уроки для України
Authors: Дідик А.М. , Нечай О.Р.
Published: October 2024

Розглянуто поняття криптовалюти як цифровогоактиву, який здатен виконувати традиційні функціїфіатних грошей. Проведено монографічний аналізпроблемного поля дослідження використання крип-товалют в Україні. Показано, що відмітною особ-ливістю криптовалюти є відсутність центральногооргану влади, який би здійснював її емісію та регулю-вання обігу, на відміну від фіатних грошей. Показано,що це формує певні переваги у разі використаннякриптовалюти, але водночас породжує й специфічніризики. Розглянуто історію виникнення криптова-люти та її поширення у світі. Окреслено техно-логічні особливості криптовалюти та акцентованоувагу на технологічній складовій їхнього обігу. Роз-крито переваги та недоліки використання криптова-люти, які зумовлюють її поширення, можливість ви-користання замість традиційних фіатних грошей,але разом із тим є передумовою виникнення ризиків,які пов’язані з використанням криптовалюти субєк-тами господарювання та фізичними особами. Пока-зано принципові відмінності криптовалюти від тра-диційних фіатних валют. Представлено перевагикриптовалюти, які роблять її використання більшпривабливим, ніж використання традиційних фіат-них грошей. Надано опис наявних підходів щодоставлення до криптовалюти у різних країнах. Уточ-нено країни, в яких обіг криптовалюти стиму-люється та підтримується з боку держави, тавизначено країни із жорсткими обмежувальними за-ходами щодо обігу криптовалюти. Сформовано тригрупи країн за критерієм міри поширення криптова-люти та ефективності регулювання ринку крипто-валют: країни, в яких обіг криптовалют і пов’язанийз ними бізнес необхідною мірою регулюється законо-давством, країни, які тільки почали впроваджуватинормативне регулювання обігу криптовалюти та ве-дення криптовалютного бізнесу та країни, які незробили відповідних дій або тільки нещодавно почаливживати дії для нормативного регулювання обігукриптовалют. Надано склад кожної групи країн. По-казано світові підходи щодо сприйняття криптова-люти як ще однієї валюти поряд з фіатними гро-шима та як товару. Надано опис поширення крипто-валют в Україні та окреслено основні нормативніакти, які регулюють питання обігу криптовалют вУкраїні. Окреслено наслідки ухвалення певних норма-тивних актів щодо обігу криптовалют в Україні.
PERMITA-ME INCLUIR A GEOGRAFIA EM TUAS CONSIDERAÇÕES
Authors: Silva Leonardo Luiz Silveira da
Published: October 2024

O sujeito indefinido do tí­tulo deste artigo é o eu-lí­rico que conversa com o saudoso professor Edward Saïd, em uma proposta que transita entre a antropologia e a geografia. Famoso internacionalmente por propor reflexões nos debates interculturais, sobretudo aqueles vinculados a dicotomia que envolve o embate ocidente versus oriente, Edward Saïd estabeleceu quatro dogmas para aludir ao que sustenta as formulações orientalistas. Para além do embate Ocidente e Oriente, os dogmas orientalistas servem a todo embate intercultural, ainda que, em algumas especificidades, alguns dogmas podem se mostrar mais expressivos do que outros. Dentre os dogmas de Saïd, nota-se a força da supressão da experiência histórica, que é a desconsideração dos efeitos do dinamismo identitário e cultural submetidos ao tempo atomí­stico em movimento. Ressentimos, contudo, de um destaque mais detido à supressão da geografia, entendida como formulações que unem o que é espacialmente apartado e apartam o que é espacialmente indissociável. Tomando como empréstimo as reflexões do crí­tico literário de origem palestina, o artigo em questão penetra nos domí­nios do não-dito ao propor rigorosa interface dos escritos de Saïd com a espacialidade. É o objetivo deste artigo apresentar como se dá a manifestação da supressão da geografia, concebida como um dogma ausente na tipologia de Saïd. Para tanto, trabalharemos hermeneuticamente os dogmas do orientalismo, que sintetizam poderosamente os argumentos da magnus opus de Saïd.sente na tipologia de Saïd.