bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengantar Redaksi
Authors: Redaksi Redaksi
Published: May 2021

Puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas terbitnya Jurnal Tunas Agraria (JTA) Edisi Ke-empat ini, bulan Oktober 2019, dapat kembali terbit ke hadapan para pembaca dengan segala kelebihan dan kekurangannya. Pada edisi ke-empat ini Jurnal Tunas Agraria (JTA), Jurnal Mahasiswa Agraria dan Tata Ruang Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Nasional menyajikan sepuluh artikel terpilih dengan beragam tema. Artikel-artikel tersebut membahas mengenai redistribusi tanah, reforma agraria, manajemen pertanahan, kasus pertanahan, pengadaan tanah, teknologi pertanahan dan pendaftaran tanah sistematis lengkap.
Efektivitas Pemanfaatan Aplikasi LOCUS GIS dan MAPIT GIS Untuk Pengumpulan Data Pendaftaran Tanah
Authors: Ariwibowo Muhammad Mahirda , Suharno Suharno , Wahyuni Wahyuni
Published: May 2021

Abstract: The activity of collecting land registration data is the main stage in the Complete Systematic Land Registration program (PTSL). Nowadays, the acceleration strategy by utilizing information technology such as Locus GIS and Mapit GIS as an android-based application for support land data collection activities has been widely used, both free and paid. Therefore, the factors of effectiveness of the application are important to be considered by the users so that they can be used appropriately and optimally according to user needs. This study aims to explore important matters related to the features owned and their advantages and disadvantages and usability of applications for collecting land registration data. Mix methods were used in this study which combines two approaches, namely qualitative and quantitative approach. The data of this study was collected through interview, observation and questionnaire. The result of this study shows that 1) Application features of Locus GIS and Mapit GIS  can be used for land data collection by considering the advantages and disadvantages of each; 2) The results of evaluating the utility test toward both applications for land data collection in accordance with ISO / IEC 9126-1 and ISO / IEC 9126-4 standards shows that it is equivalent to "Good" in the ratings and "Very Effective" in the categories.Keyword: The Effectiveness, Locus GIS, Mapit GIS, PTSL. Intisari: Pengumpulan data pendaftaran tanah menjadi tahapan utama dalam program Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL). Strategi percepatan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi seperti Locus GIS dan Mapit GIS sebagai aplikasi berbasis android untuk mendukung kegiatan pengumpulan data pertanahan telah banyak digunakan dari yang gratis maupun yang berbayar. Maka dari itu faktor efektivitas aplikasi menjadi penting untuk dipertimbangkan pengguna sehingga bisa dimanfaatkan secara tepat dan optimal sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hal penting terkait fitur yang dimiliki beserta kelebihan dan kekurangannya dan kedayagunaan aplikasi untuk pengumpulan data pendaftaran tanah. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan mix methods yang menggabungkan dua bentuk pendekatan, yaitu kualitatif dan kuantitatif melalui wawancara, observasi dan pemberian kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini 1) Fitur Aplikasi Locus GIS dan Mapit GIS dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengumpulan data pertanahan dengan pertimbangan kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing; 2) Hasil evaluasi uji kedayagunaan kedua aplikasi untuk pengumpulan data pertanahan sesuai  standar ISO/IEC 9126-1 dan  ISO/IEC 9126-4 menunjukkan hasil dengan penilaian “Baik” dan kategori “Sangat Efektif”.Kata Kunci: Efektivitas, Locus GIS, Mapit GIS, PTSL.
Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer: Re-Treatment
Authors: FitzGerald TJ , Ding Linda , Shoukry Roubil John G. , Banson Kara , Kalifeh Abdulnasser , Bradford Carla , Kuo I-Lin , Fan Yankua , Liu Fenghong , Lu Suhong , Bushe Harry , Saleeby Jonathan , Bunaciu Camelia , Shen James , O’Connor Kevin , Bishop Maryann , Britton Maureen , Higgins Shannon , Trifone Julie , Quinn Thomas , Taylor Joshua , Croos Vijay , Nochomowitz Bashera , FitzGerald TJ
Published: May 2021

Radiation therapy is an established form of therapy for breast cancer, often applied in an adjuvant setting delivered in a post-operative environment to volumes including the breast, surgical cavity, and regional lymph nodes when appropriate. Historically, radiation therapy has not been considered an option for care when the patient recurs with the disease despite being treated with radiation therapy in the adjuvant setting. However, there can be clinical circumstances that require a different approach to the care including comprehensive re-treatment with radiation therapy in highly selected situations. This paper reviewed two patients with clinical circumstances requiring consideration for re-treatment with radiation therapy and were successfully re-treated with an acceptable outcome.
Are thyroid functions affected in children diagnosed with COVID-19?
Authors: YILMAZ Kamil , UNAL Edip
Published: May 2021

Introduction: In December 2019, a novel type of coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in China and started to spread rapidly. It is unclear whether the thyroid gland is affected in patients with COVID-19. We aimed to investigate the changes in thyroid function in pediatric patients with COVID-19.

Methods: This study enrolled 79 patients aged 0-18 years with confirmed COVID-19 and the control group consisted of 57 healthy children. All patients thyroid function tests and acute phase reactants were studied.

Results: The median age was 132 months in the patient group and 108 months in the control group. TSH level was lower in the COVID-19 patients compared to the controls although the difference did not statistical significance (p=0.051). Free T3 level was significantly lower in the patient group compared to the control group (p
Generating Enriched Synthetic German Hospital Claims Data – A Use Case Driven Approach
Authors: Helfer Sven , Kümmel Michéle , Bathelt Franziska , Sedlmayr Martin
Published: May 2021

Clinical data and above all individual patient data are highly sensitive. All the more it is important to protect these critical information while analyzing and exploring their specifics for further research. However, in order to enable students and other researchers to develop decision support systems and to use modern data analysis methods such as intelligent pattern recognition, the provision of clinical data is essential. In order to allow this while completely protecting the privacy of a patient, we present a mixed approach to generate semantically and clinically realistic data: (1) We use available synthetic data, extract information on patient visits and diagnoses and adapt them to the encoding systems of German claims data; (2) based on a statistical analysis of real German hospital data, we identify distributions of procedures, laboratory data and other measurements and transfer them to the synthetic patient’s visits and diagnoses in a semi-automated way. This enabled us to provide students a data set that is as semantically and clinically realistic as possible to apply patient-level prediction algorithms within the development of clinical decision support systems without putting patient data at any risk.
The Process of Modeling Information System Architectures with IHE
Authors: Merzweiler Angela , Stäubert Sebastian , Strübing Alexander , Tonmbiak Armel , Kaulke Knut , Drepper Johannes , Bergh Björn , Winter Alfred
Published: May 2021

IHE has defined more than 200 integration profiles in order to improve the interoperability of application systems in healthcare. These profiles describe how standards should be used in particular use cases. These profiles are very helpful but their correct use is challenging, if the user is not familiar to the specifications. Therefore, inexperienced modelers of information systems quickly lose track of existing IHE profiles. In addition, the users of these profiles are often not aware of rules that are defined within these profiles and of dependencies that exist between the profiles. There are also modelers that do not notice the differences between the implemented actors, because they do not know the optional capabilities of some actors. The aim of this paper is therefore to describe a concept how modelers of information systems can be supported in the selection and use of IHE profiles and how this concept was prototypically implemented in the “Three-layer Graph-based meta model” modeling tool (3LGM2 Tool). The described modeling process consists of the following steps that can be looped: defining the use case, choosing suitable integration profiles, choosing actors and their options and assigning them to application systems, checking for required actor groupings and modeling transactions. Most of these steps were implemented in the 3LGM2 Tool. Further implementation effort and evaluation of our approach by inexperienced users is needed. But after that our tool should be a valuable tool for modelers planning healthcare information system architectures, in particular those based on IHE.
Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR®) Representation of Medication Data Derived from German Procedure Classification Codes (OPS) Using Identification of Medicinal Products (IDMP) Compliant Terminology
Authors: Sass Julian , Zabka Susanne , Essenwanger Andrea , Schepers Josef , Boeker Martin , Thun Sylvia
Published: May 2021

Electronic documentation of medication data is one of the biggest challenges associated with digital clinical documentation. Despite its importance, it has not been consistently implemented in German university hospitals. In this paper we describe the approach of the German Medical Informatics Initiative (MII) towards the modelling of a medication core dataset using FHIR® profiles and standard-compliant terminologies. The FHIR profiles for Medication and MedicationStatement were adapted to the core dataset of the MIl. The terminologies to be used were selected based on the criteria of the ISO-standard for the Identification of Medicinal Products (IDMP). For a first use case with a minimal medication dataset, the entries in the medication chapter of the German Procedure Classification (OPS codes) were analyzed and mapped to IDMP-compliant medication terminology. OPS data are available at all German hospitals as they are mandatory for reimbursement purposes. Reimbursement-relevant encounter data containing OPS medication procedures were used to create a FHIR representation based on the FHIR profiles MedicationStatement and Medication. This minimal solution includes – besides the details on patient and start-/end-dates – the active ingredients identified by the IDMP-compliant codes and – if specified in the OPS code – the route of administration and the range of the amount of substance administered to the patient, using the appropriate unit of measurement code. With FHIR, the medication data can be represented in the data integration centers of the MII to provide a standardized format for data analysis across the MII sites.
Deep Neural Network Driven Speech Classification for Relevance Detection in Automatic Medical Documentation
Authors: Ahamed Suhail , Weiler Gabriele , Boden Karl , Januschowski Kai , Stennes Matthias , McCrae Patrick , Bock Cornelia , Rawein Carina , Petris Marco , Foth Kilian , Rohm Kerstin , Kiefer Stephan
Published: May 2021

The automation of medical documentation is a highly desirable process, especially as it could avert significant temporal and monetary expenses in healthcare. With the help of complex modelling and high computational capability, Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and deep learning have made several promising attempts to this end. However, a factor that significantly determines the efficiency of these systems is the volume of speech that is processed in each medical examination. In the course of this study, we found that over half of the speech, recorded during follow-up examinations of patients treated with Intra-Vitreal Injections, was not relevant for medical documentation. In this paper, we evaluate the application of Convolutional and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks for the development of a speech classification module aimed at identifying speech relevant for medical report generation. In this regard, various topology parameters are tested and the effect of the model performance on different speaker attributes is analyzed. The results indicate that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are more successful than LSTM networks, and achieve a validation accuracy of 92.41%. Furthermore, on evaluation of the robustness of the model to gender, accent and unknown speakers, the neural network generalized satisfactorily.
Non-Parametric Classifiers Based Emotion Classification Using Electrodermal Activity and Modified Hjorth Features
Authors: Veeranki Yedukondala Rao , Ganapathy Nagarajan , Swaminathan Ramakrishnan
Published: May 2021

In this work, an attempt has been made to classify various emotional states in Electrodermal Activity (EDA) signals using modified Hjorth features and non-parametric classifiers. For this, the EDA signals are collected from a publicly available online database. The EDA is decomposed into SCL (Skin Conductance Level) and SCR (Skin Conductance Response). Five features, namely activity, mobility, complexity, chaos, and hazard, collectively known as modified Hjorth features, are extracted from SCR and SCL. Four non-parametric classifiers, namely, random forest, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, and rotation forest, are used for the classification. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach can classify the emotional states in EDA. Most of the features exhibit statistical significance in discriminating emotional states. It is found that the combination of modified Hjorth features and rotation forest is most accurate in classifying the emotional states. Thus, the result demonstrates that this method can recognize valence and arousal dimensions under various clinical conditions.
Analyzing Association Rules for Graft Failure Following Deceased and Live Donor Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Naqvi Syed Asil Ali , Tennankore Karthik , Vinson Amanda , Abidi Syed Sibte Raza
Published: May 2021

This paper investigates the clinical attributes that contribute to kidney graft failure following live and deceased donor transplantation using an association rule mining approach. The generated rules are used to analyze the distinctive co-occurrence of attributes for those with or without all-cause graft failure. Analysis of a kidney transplantation dataset acquired from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients that included over 95000 deceased and live donor recipients over 5-years was performed. Using an association rule mining approach, we were able to confirm established risk factors for graft loss after live and deceased donor transplantation and identify novel combinations of factors that may have implications for clinical care and risk prediction post kidney transplantation. Using lift as the metric to evaluate association rules, our results indicate that advanced recipient age (i.e. over 60 years), end stage kidney disease due to diabetes, the presence of recipient peripheral vascular disease and recipient coronary artery disease have a high likelihood of graft failure within 5 years after transplantation.
Transfer Learning for Classifying Spanish and English Text by Clinical Specialties
Authors: Pomares-Quimbaya Alexandra , López-Úbeda Pilar , Schulz Stefan
Published: May 2021

Transfer learning has demonstrated its potential in natural language processing tasks, where models have been pre-trained on large corpora and then tuned to specific tasks. We applied pre-trained transfer models to a Spanish biomedical document classification task. The main goal is to analyze the performance of text classification by clinical specialties using state-of-the-art language models for Spanish, and compared them with the results using corresponding models in English and with the most important pre-trained model for the biomedical domain. The outcomes present interesting perspectives on the performance of language models that are pre-trained for a particular domain. In particular, we found that BioBERT achieved better results on Spanish texts translated into English than the general domain model in Spanish and the state-of-the-art multilingual model.
The Impact of Prescribed Dosage Assumptions on the Evaluation of Adherence and Persistence to Medication in Patients After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Luguzis Artis , Barzdins Juris
Published: May 2021

Medication adherence is a significant problem in public health. Prescription-level pharmacy databases have great potential for monitoring actual drug adherence patterns at the healthcare system level. Many research papers have reported adherence estimates in different settings and populations. However, comparison between studies is not always straightforward due to different approaches taken when computing adherence. A crucial component to accurately estimate adherence is the availability of days’ supply information for each dispensing event. Reasonable assumptions regarding medication dosage have to be made, when this information is not available. In this study, we evaluate adherence and persistence to medication in patients after myocardial infarction and show that corresponding estimates differ significantly, when using different dosage assumptions, namely, when using defined daily dose or tablet per day dosage regimens. Moreover, we demonstrate that observed differences between medications might be a result of inaccurate dosage assumptions. We propose a comparison of distribution of days between dispensing events to that of days’ supplied as a relatively simple visual inspection to validate dosage assumptions.
High Performance Work Practices and Work Results on Non-Profit Institutions
Authors: Liatira Nikolaou Margot , Platis Charalampos , Zoulias Emmanouil , Gorezis Panagiotis
Published: May 2021

High Performance Work Practices (HPWP) has not been sufficiently investigated in the frame of Non-profit Organizations. At the same time the need of NPOs for satisfied employees keeps rising, because of the increased demand for their services, especially in the health care sector. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the relationship between HPWP and the mediation of Work Passion. The survey was based on a quantitative methodological approach, with the use of questionnaires, and the sample was constituted of 125 employees of health and mental health Non-profit Organizations based in Athens. The statistical analysis was implemented with the use of IBM SPSS Statistics 20. It was shown that HPWP are positively related to Work Passion. The implementation of High-Performance Work Practices and the recruitment of employees who share common values with the organization can contribute significantly in this direction, since they are related to higher career satisfaction, through the increase of employee’s work passion.
openEHR Based Contextual Problem List
Authors: Meredith John , McNicoll Ian , Whitehead Nik , Dacey Michael
Published: May 2021

The problem list is a key facet of the digital patient record that has historically been difficult to curate. This paper presents an implementation of a contextual problem list using openEHR. It describes the modelling approach, key model elements, and how these are assembled to underpin a Problem Oriented Medical Record. Finally, it discusses issues associated with how problem lists may be used.
Infodemic, Misinformation and Disinformation in Pandemics: Scientific Landscape and the Road Ahead for Public Health Informatics Research
Authors: Pool Javad , Fatehi Farhad , Akhlaghpour Saeed
Published: May 2021

In response to epidemics and pandemics, access to authentic sources of information plays a critical role in informing public health practices. However, infodemic, i.e., an overabundance of health information, misinformation, and disinformation, impede implementing best public health policies during a public health crisis such as COVID-19. In this bibliometric study, we aim to report on concept mapping of infodemic literature, and in line with the World Health Organization (WHO)’s repeated calls for actions in managing infodemic, we highlight fruitful avenues for future directions. Through a visualization approach on a set of 414 records, a concept mapping was carried out. This map revealed 42 infodemic-related nodes in five clusters. We also propose an infodemic research platform in which a combination of the research nodes (e.g., COVID, pandemic, disinformation, fake news, post-truth, fact-checking, social networks, Facebook, WhatsApp, and lockdown) with impactful questions suggest future directions.
COVID-19 Is Connected with Lower Health Literacy in Rural Areas
Authors: Greer Melody L. , Sample Steven , Jensen Hanna K. , McBain Sacha , Lipschitz Riley , Sexton Kevin W.
Published: May 2021

The relationship between social determinants of health (SDoH) and health outcomes is established and extends to a higher risk of contracting COVID-19. Given the factors included in SDoH, such as education level, race, rurality, and socioeconomic status are interconnected, it is unclear how individual SDoH factors may uniquely impact risk. Lower socioeconomic status often occurs in concert with lower educational attainment, for example. Because literacy provides access to information needed to avoid infection and content can be made more accessible, it is essential to determine to what extent health literacy contributes to successful containment of a pandemic. By incorporating this information into clinical data, we have isolated literacy and geographic location as SDoH factors uniquely related to the risk of COVID-19 infection. For patients with comorbidities linked to higher illness severity, residents of rural areas associated with lower health literacy at the zip code level had a greater likelihood of positive COVID-19 results unrelated to their economic status.
Chances and Barriers of Online Problem-Based Learning (ePBL) for Advanced Training in the Healthcare Sector
Authors: Mansholt Hilke , Götz Nina-Alexandra , Babitsch Birgit
Published: May 2021

An online advanced training for professionals within the healthcare sector was developed including a problem statement to be solved following the steps of problem-based learning (PBL).The findings show that it is feasible to transfer PBL electronically (ePBL) where participants favoured the flexibility and time independency of ePBL. However, the evaluation revealed issues with the learning platform, insufficient technical conditions in the hospitals and a lack of personal exchange. Thus, ePBL offers advantages especially for advanced training in the healthcare sector but requires adaptations and the necessary technical prerequisites.
Data Management for Systems Medicine: The SMART-CARE Joint Environment
Authors: Ringwald Friedemann , Czernilofsky Felix , Dudchenko Aleksei , Ganzinger Matthias , Dietrich Sascha , Knaup Petra
Published: May 2021

For a research project on mass spectrometry, a streamlined, harmonized and robust analytical pipeline is built to predict tumor recurrence. By means of standardization all steps from sample collection, analysis, proteome, and metabolome analysis are harmonized. Challenges like non-central identificators and distributed data are overcome with a centralized high-performant IT-platform in combination with a pseudonymization service and harmonization.
Pharmacy Electronic Records and Patient Clustering: Exploring New Ways to Increase the Provision of Tailored Pharmaceutical Services
Authors: Reis Lígia , Monteiro Miguel , Lourenço Luís , Gregório João
Published: May 2021

Patients’ electronic records in community pharmacy are an untapped resource to uncover new ways of providing healthcare services. In this paper, we present a preliminary work, where we explore this resource, aiming to identify patients’ clusters that will help to define a future algorithm. This algorithm will then enable community pharmacists to provide tailored pharmaceutical interventions according to patient’s risk assessment and needs. In this way, this work will provide a way to overcome known barriers for community pharmacists’ provision of services and integration in the health system, while also contributing to support a better care for chronic patients.
Az I. világháború hadműveleti változásai
Authors: Szilágyi-Kiss Hajnalka
Published: May 2021

Jelen írás összefoglalja az I. világháború főbb harcművészeti változásait, a hangsúlyt az új fegyvernemek megjelenésére  és a levonható tapasztalatok összegyűjtésére fektetve. Az I.  világháború éveit a rövid 1914-es mozgóháborút nem  figyelembe véve az állásharc és a mozdulatlanság  jellemezte. A nyugati nagyhatalmak gyors gazdasági fejlődése és a népesség növekedése lehetővé tette a  modern technika bevetését, és ezen keresztül vezetett az  anyagháború kibontakozásához. Az antant sikerét elsősorban a harckocsinak és a repülőgépnek köszönheti,  bár fontos tényező az is, hogy a német oldalon elmondható, hogy a kapituláció közvetlen okozója elsősorban a hátország, a társadalom támogatásának összeomlása és  kimerülése.
Enemy Images in the Russian National Narrative
Authors: Parppei Kati
Published: May 2021

Historical contextualizing is essential to examining and understanding the forms of patriotism and applications of national narrative in contemporary Russia. An important aspect in the formation of collective identities are the perceptions of outer threat at any given time. In this chapter, certain aspects of the development of enemy images in Russia are briefly studied and contextualized, followed by an examination of their manifestations in the contemporary Russian politicization of history.
Evolution of Russia’s ‘Others’ in Presidential Discourse in 2000–2020
Authors: Laine Veera
Published: May 2021

In this chapter, the Others of Russia, reoccurring in the presidential discourse in 2000–2020, will be analysed. The key speeches reveal three distinctive ‘Others’ of the Russian state and nation, evolving in space and time: first, an ineffective politician in the 1990s, and, later, a corrupt bureaucrat, is framed as historical and internal Other, whose figure legitimizes the current power. Second, the metaphor of constant competition in the international relations describes the Other as economically stronger developed Western country, against which Russia’s ‘backwardness’ is mirrored, especially in the early 2000s. As the economic competition becomes harder to win and the quest for national unity intensifies, the emphasis turns to the third Other, the one holding fundamentally different values than the Self. Thus, it is argued that the metaphor of competition/conflict between Russia and its Others has undergone a qualitative transformation in the presidential rhetoric, reflecting change in Russia’s relative strength: instead of the previously admired economic performance, the times of conflict show that Russia’s true strength vis-à-vis its Others resides in the conservative, moral values and military might.
Health Disturbances of Negative Nutritional Shocks
Authors: Markovic Zare , Vedad Hodzic  , Hossein Shahri
Published: May 2021

The Fetal Origin Hypothesis show that the prenatal development period is a critical period for birth outcomes. Applying a panel data fixed effect model and using the universe of birth records in the US, I find that exposure to the holy month Ramadan, during which Muslim mothers fast for the whole day, during prenatal development has negative birth outcomes. Exposure to a full month of fasting is associated with 96 grams lower birth-weight. These results are robust across specifications and do not appear to be driven by mothers’ selective fertility.
Efektivitas Pemungutan Pajak Restoran dalam Meningkatkan Penerimaan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Baubau
Authors: Mahyudin Mahyudin , Nastia Nastia , Sa'ban L.M. Azhar
Published: May 2021

Abstract. That there are several factors that become obstacles in implementing restaurant tax collection. These factors are internal factors and external factors. This research uses a mixed approach between quantitative and qualitative. The results of this research are 1) The development of total Baubau City restaurant tax revenue in the 2017-2020 period was in 2017 which was 1.50 and decreased in 2018 which was 1.18. In 2019, there was an increase of 1.41. Based on the effectiveness criteria used, it shows that the restaurant tax revenue in Baubau City is classified as effective, 2) The restaurant tax contribution to local revenue is quite small. This can be seen that starting in 2017 the contribution was 0.03%, the contribution of restaurant tax to PAD increased in 2018 by 0.05% but then the contribution of restaurant tax to PAD in 2019 decreased again by 0.04%, 3) Factors that hinder the effectiveness of restaurant tax revenue are Internal Factors, namely factors from within the Financial Management Agency, Regional Assets and Revenue itself and external factors that come from outside the Regional Financial, Asset and Income Management Agency.Keywords: Effectiveness, Restaurant Tax, Local RevenueAbstrak. Bahwa terdapat beberapa faktor yang menjadi kendala dalam pelaksanaan pemungutan pajak restoran. Faktor tersebut adalah faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Penelitian ini menggunakan dalam pendekatan campuran antara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil dpenelitian ini adalah 1) Perkembangan dari total penerimaan pajak restoran Kota Baubau dalam kurun waktu 2017-2020 adalah pada tahun 2017 yaitu sebesar 1,50 dan mengalami penurunan pada tahun 2018 yaitu sebesar 1,18. Pada tahun 2019 mengalami peningkatan sebesar 1,41. Berdasarkan kriteria efektivitas yang digunakan, menunjukkan bahwa penerimaan pajak restoran Kota Baubau tergolong efektif, 2) Kontribusi pajak restoran terhadap pendapatan asli daerah termasuk cukup kecil. Hal ini dapat dilihat mulai tahun 2017 kontribusinya sebesar 0,03%, kontribusi pajak restoran terhadap PAD mengalami kenaikan pada tahun 2018 sebesar 0,05% tetapi kemudian kontribusi pajak restoran terhadap PAD pada tahun 2019 mengalami penurunan lagi sebesar 0,04%, 3) Faktor-faktor yang menghambat efektivitas penerimaan pajak restoran adalah Faktor Internal yaitu faktor dari dalam Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan, Aset dan  Pendapatan Daerah itu sendiri dan Faktor eksternal yaitu berasal dari luar Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan, Aset dan  Pendapatan Daerah.Kata Kunci: Efektivitas, Pajak Restoran, Pendapatan Asli Daerah
PERAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDes)
Authors: Ubi Laru Ferdi Harobu , Suprojo Agung
Published: May 2021

Abstrak : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peran Pemerintah Desa Tlekung dalam pengembangan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes), serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berperan dalam pelaksanaan peran yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Desa Tlekung. Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data triangulasi dan teknik analisis interaktif Miles and Huberman. Hasil dari penelitian diketahui bahwa terdapat lima peran yang telah dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Desa Tlekung. Dalam menjalankan peranannya tersebut terdapat Faktor pendukung yaitu tersedianya sarana prasana, adanya kebijakan khususmengenai pengurus, adanya pembinaan dan  pengawasan. Sedangkan untuk faktor penghambatyang dihadapi adalah minimnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam melakukan pengembalian piutang, dan minimnya kemampuan pengurus dalam hal pembuatan laporan keuangan. Kata kunci: Peran, Pemerintah Desa, Badan Usaha Milik Desa Abstract :The purpose of this study is to describe the role of the Tlekung Village Government in the development of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes), and identify the factors that play a role in the implementation of the role carried out by the Tlekung Village Government. This study uses a qualitative approach, using triangulation data collection techniques and Miles and Huberman's interactive analysis techniques. The results showed that there were five roles that had been carried out by the Tlekung Village Government. In carrying out this role, there are supporting factors, namely the availability of infrastructure, the existence of special policies regarding management, guidance and supervision. The inhibiting factors were the lack of public awareness in returning receivables, and the lack of the board's ability to make financial reports. Keywords: The Role, Village Government, Village-Owned Enterprises
BUDAYA KONSUMSI MINUMAN BERALKOHOL (STUDI KASUS PADA MASYARAKAT MOSKONA DI KELURAHAN BINTUNI BARAT, DISTRIK BINTUNI BARAT, KABUPATEN TELUK BINTUNI)
Authors: Yerkohok Frans , Kanto Sanggar , Chawa Anif Fatma
Published: May 2021

Abstrack. This article is a socio-cultural study of the culture of consuming liquor. This research was conducted using a qualitative method with a case study approach to the Moskona community in West Bintuni Village, West Bintuni District, Bintuni Bay Regency. Using Herbert Blumer's theory of symbolic interactionism, this study seeks to understand the meaning of alcohol consumption for the people of Moscow and the economic, social, and health impacts of the culture of consuming alcoholic beverages. The results of this study reveal that the consumption of alcoholic drinks does come from outside and has developed into a habit in society, and people perceive alcoholic drinks as a form of brotherhood and kinship between groups of people when sitting together. Various efforts have been made by elements of society such as traditional leaders, religious leaders, and the government, such as very high customary fines for people who commit deviant behavior after consuming liquor, but in reality, the rate of accidents and fights after consuming alcoholic beverages is still high. This study also shows that the persistence of alcohol consumption in the community is related to family, economic and social factors.Keyword : Indigenous people, Liquor, Teluk BintuniAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan komsumsi minuman beralkohol pada masyarakat Moskona yang berada di Kelurahan Bintuni Barat, Distrik Bintuni, Kabupaten Teluk Bintuni, sehingga menjadi sebuah budaya. Sselain itu juga untuk memahami makna konsumsi minuman beralkohol bagi masyarakat Moskona serta dampak ekonomi, sosial dan budaya dari konsumsi minuman beralkohol, dengan menggunakan Teori Interaksionisme Simbolik dari Herbert Blumer. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa konsumsi minuman beralkohol memang datang dari luar dan berkembang menjadi sebuah kebiasaan pada masyarakat, dan masyarakat memaknai minuman beralkohol sebagai bentuk persaudaraan dan kekerabatan di antara kelompok masyarakat saat duduk bersama. Berbagai upaya yang dilakukan oleh elemen masyarakat seperti tokoh adat, tokoh agama, dan pemerintah sudah dilakukan seperti denda adat yang sangat tinggi kepada masyarakat yang melakukan perilaku menyimpang pasca mengkonsumsi minuman beralkohol, namun dalam kenyataannya tingkat kecelakaan dan perkelahian pasca konsumsi minuman beralkohol masih tetap tinggi. Bertahannya kebiasaan konsumsi minuman beralkohol pada masyarakat ada kaitannya dengan faktor keluarga, individu pelaku konsumsi dan maraknya minuman beralkohol yang beredar luas di tengah masyarakat, oleh karena itu upaya yang diharapkan oleh peneliti adalah pemerintah mengambil sikap tegas dengan mengeluarkan Peraturan Daerah (PERDA) terkait minuman beralhokol, untuk mampu meredam berdar luasnya minuman beralkohol tersebut.Kata Kunci : Minuman beralkohol, Peraturan Daerah, Teluk Bintuni
ORAL HEALTH OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF VAIGACH ISLAND, ARCTIC RUSSIA
Authors: Vorobyeva N. A. , Kunavina K. A. , Golubovich A. V. , Vorobyeva A. I.
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Environmental, social and cultural factors are the main determinants of human health including oral health. However, the evidence on oral health among indigenous people of Arctic Russia is very scarce. Aim: To assess dental health among indigenous residents of the Arctic island of Vaigach. Methods: All 14 children and 24 adults of the Nenets ethnic group permanently living on Vaigach island (Arctic Russia) were examined. The prevalence and experience of dental caries was measured using the sum of decayed, missing and filled teeth in permanent and primary dentition (DMFT, dft, dft + DMFT). Oral hygiene was assessed by Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHIS). Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was studied by y Оral Health Imрact Рrоfile-14 (OHIP-14). The data are presented as medians with the first- and the third quartiles (Q1; Q3). Results: A moderate prevalence and low experience of caries was revealed among children of the indigenous ethnic group (dft = 1,5 (0,0; 4,5), dft + DMFT = 2,5 (1,0; 4,0)). All 100 % of adults had caries with DMFT of 15,0 (8,0; 25,5). As many as 42 % had a healthy periodontium, 33 % had gingivitis 25 % had periodontitis. At the same time, the level of hygiene was good and with low intensity of gingival inflammation (median OHIS = 1,0 (0,3; 1,0). Periodontal attachment loss of 0-3 mm and 4-5 mm was observed in 75,0 % and 4.2 % of participants, respectively. The level of dental care was insufficient 13,4 (0,0; 61,3) %. The median total OHIP-14 score was 6,5 (2,0; 12,0) suggesting a good level of OHRQoL. Conclusion: Our results warrant development of activities aimed at promotion of oral health and OHRQoL and prevention of caries and other oral diseases of the indigenous people in Arctic Russia.
Türkiye’de özel gereksinimli öğrencilerle Fen Bilimleri öğretimine ilişkin yapılan araştırmaların gözden geçirilmesi
Authors: KARABULUT Havva Aysun , UÇAR Ahmet Serhat , UÇAR Kadriye
Published: May 2021

Fen bilimleri doğayı ve doğal olayları sistemli bir şekilde inceleme, henüz gözlenmemiş olayları kestirme gayretleridir. Fen bilimleri öğretimi öğrencilerin halihazırdaki bilgilerini kullanarak yeni bilgiler edinmelerine ve bu sayede çevrelerini anlamlandırma becerilerini geliştirmelerine olanak tanır. Özel gereksinimli bireylerin toplumsal yaşama katılımının sağlanması ve bağımsız yaşam becerilerinin desteklenmesi bağlamında fen bilimleri öğretiminin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ülkemizde 2000-2020 yılları arasında özel gereksinimli öğrencilerle fen bilimleri öğretimine yönelik gerçekleştirilen çalışmaların derlenmesi ve çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma betimsel tarama modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ulusal Tez Merkezi, Google Akademik ve Ulusal ve Akademik Ağ ve Bilgi Merkezi (ULAKBİM) veri tabanlarında “fen bilimleri eğitimi/öğretimi”, “özel gereksinimli birey”, “zihin yetersizliği”, “otizm”, “yaygın gelişimsel bozukluk”, “işitme yetersizliği”, “üstün yetenek/zekâ”, “görme yetersizliği”, “öğrenme güçlüğü”, “çoklu yetersizlik” anahtar sözcükleri kullanılarak tarama yapılmıştır. Taramada özel gereksinimli bireylere fen bilimleri öğretimine yönelik 25 araştırmaya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmaların 18’i nitel, 7’si ise nicel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel araştırmalar bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenler, araştırma yöntemleri, katılımcılar ve özellikleri, kullanılan veri toplama araçları, izleme/genelleme verileri, gözlemciler arası güvenirlik/uygulama güvenirliği, sosyal geçerlik ve bulgular kategorileri altında, nicel araştırmalar ise araştırma amacı, yöntem, veri toplama araçları, katılımcılar ve özellikleri ve bulgular olmak üzere beş kategoride incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları ülkemizde özel gereksinimli bireylerle fen bilimleri öğretimine ilişkin araştırmaların son yıllarda artan bir ivme kazandığını göstermektedir. Fen bilimleri öğretiminin özel gereksinimli bireylerin yaşamlarını bağımsız idame ettirebilmeleri noktasındaki önemi konuya daha fazla odaklanılmasını gerektirmektedir. Özel gereksinimli bireylere fen bilimleri öğretiminde farklı yöntemlerin etkililik ve verimliliklerinin incelendiği çalışmalara gereksinim duyulmaktadır.
Rheb1-Deficient Neutrophils Promote Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Proliferation via Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Gao Juan , Hou Shuaibing , Yuan Shengnan , Wang Yuxia , Gao Yanan , Sun Xiaolu , Wang Weili , Chu Yajing , Zhou Yuan , Feng Xiaoming , Luo Hongbo R. , Cheng Tao , Shi Jun , Yuan Weiping , Wang Xiaomin
Published: May 2021

Myeloid cells have been identified as hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-regulating cells. However, the mechanisms by which myeloid cells regulate the function of HSCs are not fully defined. Our previous study indicated that the HSCs are over-expanded in Vav1-Cre;Rheb1fl/fl mice. Here, using in vivo and in vitro models, we found that Rheb1-deficient neutrophils remodeled the bone marrow environment and induced expansion of HSCs in vivo. Further studies showed that loss of Rheb1 impaired neutrophils’ ability to secrete IL-6, led mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to produce more SCF, and promote HSC proliferation. We further found that IL-6 suppressed SCF mRNA expression in human MSCs. Interesting, the high level of IL-6 was also related with poor survival of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, and higher expression of IL-6 in CML cells is associated with the lower expression of SCF in MSCs in patients. Our studies suggested that blocking IL-6 signaling pathway might stimulate MSCs to secrete more SCF, and to support hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells proliferation.
Sex Differences in the Immune System Become Evident in the Perinatal Period in the Four Core Genotypes Mouse
Authors: Ghosh Mrinal K. , Chen Kuan-hui E. , Dill-Garlow Riva , Ma Lisa J. , Yonezawa Tomohiro , Itoh Yuichiro , Rivera Lorena , Radecki Kelly C. , Wu Quiming P. , Arnold Arthur P. , Muller H. Konrad , Walker Ameae M.
Published: May 2021

We have used the four core genotypes (FCG) mouse model, which allows a distinction between effects of gonadal secretions and chromosomal complement, to determine when sex differences in the immune system first appear and what influences their development. Using splenic T cell number as a measure that could be applied to neonates with as yet immature immune responses, we found no differences among the four genotypes at postnatal day 1, but by day 7, clear sex differences were observed. These sex differences were unexpectedly independent of chromosomal complement and similar in degree to gonadectomized FCG adults: both neonatal and gonadectomized adult females (XX and XY) showed 2-fold the number of CD4+ and 7-fold the number of CD8+ T cells versus their male (XX and XY) counterparts. Appearance of this long-lived sex difference between days 1 and 7 suggested a role for the male-specific perinatal surge of testicular testosterone. Interference with the testosterone surge significantly de-masculinized the male CD4+, but not CD8+ splenic profile. Treatment of neonates demonstrated elevated testosterone limited mature cell egress from the thymus, whereas estradiol reduced splenic T cell seeding in females. Neonatal male splenic epithelium/stroma expressed aromatase mRNA, suggesting capacity for splenic conversion of perinatal testosterone into estradiol in males, which, similar to administration of estradiol in females, would result in reduced splenic T cell seeding. These sex steroid effects affected both CD4+ and CD8+ cells and yet interference with the testosterone surge only significantly de-masculinized the splenic content of CD4+ cells. For CD8+ cells, male cells in the thymus were also found to express one third the density of sphingosine-1-phosphate thymic egress receptors per cell compared to female, a male characteristic most likely an indirect result of Sry expression. Interestingly, the data also support a previously unrecognized role for non-gonadal estradiol in the promotion of intra-thymic cell proliferation in neonates of both sexes. Microarray analysis suggested the thymic epithelium/stroma as the source of this hormone. We conclude that some immune sex differences appear long before puberty and more than one mechanism contributes to differential numbers and distribution of T cells.
Parathyroid Changes After RAI in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Liu , Zhang Wenjie , Zhu Hongmei , Wang Yueqi , Liu Bin , Huang Rui , Li Lin
Published: May 2021

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, phosphorus, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-VD) changes before and after radioactive iodine (RAI) in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients at different time points.

Methods

A total of 259 DTC patients who received RAI were prospectively enrolled. We evaluated PTH, serum calcium, phosphorus, and 25-OH-VD levels at baseline pre-RAI, five days, six weeks, and six months post-RAI, respectively. We analyzed the risk factors of hypocalcemia at five days post-RAI.

Results

The mean PTH, serum calcium and phosphorus values decreased five days post-RAI compared with pre-RAI (PTH 4.18 ± 1.23 pmol/L vs. 3.95 ± 1.41 pmol/L; calcium 2.27 ± 0.09 mmol/L vs. 2.20 ± 0.11 mmol/L; phosphorus 1.25 ± 0.17 vs. 0.98 ± 0.20 mmol/L, P < 0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. The mean 25-OH-VD levels did not significantly decrease at five days post-RAI. 21.2% (55/259) of patients had hypocalcemia at five days post-RAI, and all of them were given oral calcium supplements. At six weeks post-RAI, all of the above parameters were higher than those at five days post-RAI. Multivariate regression analysis showed that baseline pre-RAI serum calcium < 2.27 mmol/L, PTH < 4.18 pmol/L and negative 99mTcO4- thyroid imaging were risk factors for hypocalcemia at five days post-RAI.

Conclusion

For DTC patients with normal PTH and serum calcium levels at pre-RAI, their PTH, serum calcium, and phosphorus levels decreased at five days post-RAI. About one-fifth of patients could have hypocalcemia at five days post-RAI. Lower baseline pre-RAI serum calcium and PTH levels and negative 99mTcO4- thyroid imaging were risk factors for hypocalcemia five days post-RAI.