bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LIMB LOSS: FACTS& STATISTICS - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY AMONG AMPUTEES REPORTING TO A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN TAMILNADU
Authors:   Professor and HOD Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Government Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, KK Nagar, Chennai., Jayakumar T.
Published: March 2023

Background: Despite advances in medical interventions and emphasis on prevention programs, studies have shown that the rate of amputation procedures and prevalence of persons living with limb loss continues to increase. Today, when amputation is necessary, surgery is undertaken with consideration for the functional aspects of the residual limb.The purpose of this study was to describe the etiology and characteristics of major limb amputees at GIRM, a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: It is a cross sectional study, including a total of 500 patients, underwent limb amputations for various reasons, who has reported for prosthesis fitting and disability certificate at Government Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chennai for a period of 1 year from January 2022 to December 2022.In this study, we studied several variablesincluding age, sex,side of the limb, level of the amputation, etiology etc. Results: In this study, dysvascular disease was the major reason of amputation, followed by traumatic cause, with a male preponderance, with peaking at the age of 41-60 years. Lower limb, being the most common with predominance of transtibial amputation. Conclusion: In contrast to declining rates of trauma-related and cancer-related amputations, we found evidence of a significant increase in the incidence of amputations due to diabetic foot syndrome.Overall, the risk of amputations increased with age. This was true for all etiologies and for both sexes. Males with an average age of 50 generally at higher risk for limb loss than women.
ASSESSMENT OF INFLUENZA VACCINATION STATUS IN CHILDREN WITH NEPHROTIC SYNDROME
Authors:   Assistant Professor., Mondal Monojit ,   Department of Pediatric Medicine,College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India, Tudu Biplab ,   Assistant Professor.,   Department of Pediatric Medicine,College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India, Barik Chinmoy ,   Associate Professor.,   General Medicine, College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India., Biswas Nirmay ,   Assistant Professor.,   Department of Pediatric Medicine,College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India, Das Arijit ,   Professor.,   Department of Pediatric Medicine,College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
Published: March 2023

Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common kidney disease in childhood. Children with this condition are at higher risk of developing vaccine-preventable diseases. Prednisolone remains the mainstay for the treatment of NS. Giving influenza vaccination to NS children will significantly lower the risk of NS relapse during the post-vaccination period. Aims and Objectives: To assess the influenza vaccination status in children with nephrotic syndrome. Materials and Methods: Parents/guardians of 69 pediatric patients (<18 years old) diagnosed with NS from February 2022 to January 2023 were surveyed to evaluate influenza immunization status and parental knowledge regarding flu vaccination recommendations. Results:Among 69 patients included in the study, 7 children (10.1%) were vaccinated with inactivated influenza vaccine. Among the 62 parents of unvaccinated children, 21 (33.9%) had concerns about the safety of influenza vaccination, 18 (29%) had concerns about the cost of such vaccine, 17 (27.4%) were not aware of the proper recommendations and 6 (9.7%) had been told by their neighbors and relatives not to vaccinate with such vaccine. Conclusions:Physicians must be aware that proper information oninfluenza vaccination recommendations must be provided to family members along with the safety and efficacy profile of the vaccine for successful influenza vaccination in childhood nephrotic syndrome.
EDUCATIONAL BACKWARDNESS OF WOMEN AMONG MUSLIM MINORITY: ANANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors:   PhD. Research Scholar at Department of Education, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur UP., a Noorjahan
Published: March 2023

India is the sixth-largest economy in terms of nominal GDP and the third-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). Our country is moving globally and there are many factors that influence the economic growth and development of the country, such as education, political and social organizations etc.There is no doubt thateducation is the basic and fundamental demand for the development.It also create an impact on national integrity and equality while, gender inequality in education frames thedisparate position of women in the social system. Education can increase the efficiency andthe manpower of individual.countries cannot achieve their objectiveswithout humanefforts and organizational structure.In India women constitute around 50% of total population but they neither received a quality education nor a proper workplace. Among all religious communities, Muslim women are the least educated and suffering from backwardness as compared toMuslim men andnon-Muslim women as well. Hence, it is necessary to take essential steps torecommend a positive attitude for the educational development of Muslim Minority women.
PERINEURAL DEXAMETHASONE AS ADJUVANT TO LOCAL ANAESTHETIC AGENT IN ULTRASOUND GUIDED POPLITEAL NERVE BLOCK FOR VARIOUS ANKLE & FOOT SURGERIES
Authors:   Professor H.G in Anaesthesia, Narendra Modi(AMCMET) Medical College, Ex Associate Professor in Anaesthesia, NHLM Medical Collage, Ahmedabad, Gujarat., Kapdi Manisha , Raj Aishwarya ,   Senior Resident in Anaesthesia, Narendra Modi(AMCMET) Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat., Modi Shreya ,   Resident in Anaesthesia, Narendra Modi(AMCMET) Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat., Pandya Kirtan ,   Resident in Anaesthesia, Narendra Modi(AMCMET) Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat., Parmar Kinjal ,   Resident in Anaesthesia, Narendra Modi(AMCMET) Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
Published: March 2023

Background: Ankle& foot surgeries are very common surgeries in various age groups like young & geriatric as well as in patients with comorbidities.popliteal nerve block is one of multimodal Anaesthesia & analgesia for same.we have used ultrasound guided block to prevent complications &precise volume at asite for improving Charisteristics of block. Aims of study: To study the technique of giving popliteal nerve blocks with ultrasonographic guidance and evaluate it in terms of: No of attempts ,Time required for sensory and motor blockade,Quality of Intra operative analgesia ,Duration for post operative analgesia , Supplementation required in form of general anaesthesia & Complications encountered. Methods: We have given ultrasonography guided popliteal nerve block in 100 adult patients of ASA grade I/II/III undergoing foot and ankle surgeries. The volume of drug used was 20ml consisting of Lignocaine(1.5%) 10ml and Bupivacaine(0.5%) 10ml+ 2 ml Normal saline in Group A& addition of dexamethasone 8 mg as adjuvant to LA in Group B. Results: The mean time taken to conduct the block was 4.3Â±1.4 mins in Group A,4.2Â±1.6 min inGr.B.The mean time taken for sensory onset was 3.8Â±1.1 mins in Gr A,3.6Â±1.4min in Gr.B .The mean time taken for motor onset was 7.2Â± 1.4 mins in GrA,7.0Â± 1.5 mins in Gr B.The mean time taken for completing the surgery was 39.2Â±5.0 mins in GrA,38.2Â±5.2 mins in Gr.B.The mean time taken for complete motor regression was 143.8Â±13.5 mins in Gr A,340.8Â±10.5 mins in Gr B.The mean time taken for complete sensory regression was 184.8Â± 16.8 minsin Gr.A,379.8Â± 18.8 mins in Gr B.(p<0.05)The patients first complained of pain at the mean time of 239Â±22.4 minsin Gr A,1069Â±12.4 minsin Gr B( p<0.001) In both groups,patients have stable haemodynamic parameters throughout the operation.supplementation of sedoanalgesia was given in 4 patients in the form of Injection Midazolam 1mg IV and Injection Fentanyl 50 microgm IV was given in 2 patients and general anaesthesia was given in 2 patients in both groups.No other neurological complications were noticed in our study. Conclusion: ultrasound guided Popliteal nerve block is safe& effective block for various ankle &foot surgeries. Dexamethasone is effective adjuvant in popliteal sciatic block for foot& ankle surgeries as it increase time to analgesic request.
UNDIFFERENTIATED PLEOMORPHIC SARCOMA OF THE PANCREAS WITH METACHRONIOUS LIVER METASTASIS, A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors:   CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech., Khalid Rabbani , Ben Addi Rachid Ait ,   CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech., Ait Belaid Wafae ,   CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech., Tariq Ahbala ,   CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech., Abdelouahed Louzi ,   CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech.
Published: March 2023

Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma(UPS) is an exceptional histopathological entity of pancreatic tumors, Pancreatic sarcomas tend to be more aggressive and have a poor prognosis(1). We present the case of a 65-year-old man who was treated with a pancreatic head tumor with metachronious liver metastasis for which he was operated in two times, he was first operated for his pancreatic head tumor a UPS of pancreatic head witch consisted on a cephalic duodenopancrtoctomy then he received adjuvant radiochemotherapy, the patient developed a metachron liver metastasis 1 year after first surgery with 2 hepatic lesions, the management of his liver metastasis after DRCs for cancer multidisciplinary consultation meetings is a Right lobectomy with metatsasectomy of the VI segment lesion.this case repport and literature revews take us to conclude about the role of multidisciplinary treatment in the long-term prognosis of primary UPS of the pancreas, we believe that multidisciplinary treatment could improve the survival rates of other patients.
Exploring the mediating influence of job satisfaction on the relationship between job security and turnover intention: A case study of the hospitality industry of Jordan
Authors: Maqableh Omar , Helalat Abdullah , Supian Mohammad Nor Che
Published: March 2023

This study aims to examine the mediation influence of job satisfaction on job security and turnover intention among employees working at the frontline of Jordanian hotels. A quantitative empirical investigation is based on a self-administered electronic questionnaire; the data were collected from 170 frontline employees of 20 five-star hotels in Amman. The paper used Smart-PLS 4 software and statistical techniques to test the research hypotheses and analyze the obtained results. The study confirms the mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between job security and employee turnover intention. The results also found a significant negative impact of job security on turnover intention and a positive impact of job security on achieving employee job satisfaction. The paper highlights the need for senior management and human resources departments working in the hotel sector of Jordan to ensure employees’ job security and provide requirements that achieve employees’ job satisfaction, as these factors are essential in retaining employees.
Science in times of crisis: How does the war affect the efficiency of Ukrainian scientists?
Authors: Suchikova Yana , Tsybuliak Natalia , Lopatina Hanna , Shevchenko Liudmyla , I. Popov Anatoli
Published: March 2023

This study aims to assess how to prevent the loss of academic potential due to the full-scale war unleashed by Russia on the territory of Ukraine. The paper establishes the relationship between the location of Ukrainian researchers and their ability to engage in scientific activity and determines the factors that decrease scientific efficiency during the war. Moreover, it identifies the influence of the scientists’ place of residence on their scientific efficiency. The sample comprises 172 lecturers from Berdyansk State Pedagogical University, Ukraine. This university was chosen because it was located in the temporarily occupied territory at the beginning of the war and later was relocated to another city. 40.8% of respondents who left the temporarily occupied territory for the Ukraine-controlled territories noted a decrease in the effectiveness of their scientific activities. Furthermore, 33.8% could not think about science at all. The most challenging situation is for those who went abroad: 55.6% show decreased scientific activity, and 27.7% note its complete absence. The most significant reasons that prevent scientific activity are financial instability, lack of access to equipment, loss of relevance of previously started research, inability to concentrate on science, poor quality or lack of Internet, and adaptation to a new residence.
Human-derived Biomaterials for Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Singh Arun Kumar , Sundram Sonali , Malviya Rishabha
Published: March 2023

Biomaterials have been utilised since the dawn of time to aid wound healing and to try to restore damaged tissues and organs. Many different materials are now commercially accessible for maintaining and restoring biological functioning, and many more are being researched. New biomaterials have to be developed to meet growing clinical demands. The aim of this study is to propose innovative biomaterials of human origin and their recent applications in tissue engineering and the biomedical field. Recent trends in tissue engineering are summarized in this review highlighting the use of stem cells, 3D printing techniques, and the most recent application of biomaterials to produce a dynamic scaffold resembling natural tissue. Various literature survey was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, google scholar, and others and it was summarized from the study that the extracellular matrix (ECM) offers the opportunity to create a biomaterial consisting of a microenvironment with interesting biological and biophysical properties for improving and regulating cell functions. Based on the literature study, biomaterials have become increasingly important to the development of tissue engineering, which aims to unlock the regeneration capacity of human tissues/organs in a state of degeneration and restore or reestablish normal biological function. Biomaterials have also become increasingly important to the success of biomedical devices. Hence, it can be concluded from the finding of the study that the advances in the understanding of biomaterials and their role in new tissue formation can open new prospects in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Recent Advances in Metal Free Synthesis of N-unsubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles
Authors: Hazarika Priyanuj Krishnann , Hazarika Roktopol , Sarma Diganta
Published: March 2023

1, 2, 3-triazoles display enormous applications in the extensive fields of chemistry such as pharmaceuticals, ligands, conjectures, etc. Among these classes of compounds, the N-unsubstituted triazole emerges as a potent applicant for various fields of chemistry and therefore synthetic procedures for this molecular scaffold possess certain importance. Moreover, from an environmental perspective, metal-free organic synthesis gains tremendous attention as most of the metals are persistent in nature. In this review, we are going to discuss only the metal-free synthetic routes for the construction of N-unsubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles reported during the last decade.
Mortality Predictors of Pre-variant SARS-CoV-2 Infected ARDS Patients
Receiving Favipiravir and Tocilizumab
Authors: Yildirim Fatma , Karaman Irem , Apaydin Muhammed , Ibrahim Dural Halil , Simsek Meltem
Published: March 2023

Objective:

In this study, we investigated the risk factors affecting mortality of critically ill COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients who were followed up in the intensive care unit (ICU) and received tocilizumab and favipiravir treatments together before vaccination.

Materials and Methods:

The data of patients who were followed up and treated between 1, July 2020 and 5, October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data of the patients (age, gender), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation score II (APACHE II), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, RT-PCR of oro-nasopharyngeal swabs, the severity of ARDS on the day of tocilizumab admission, time from RT-PCR positivity to tocilizumab administration, respiratory support treatments, all other medical treatments, and ICU outcomes were recorded. Risk factors affecting mortality were evaluated with multiple regression analysis.

Results:

A total of 60 patients with a median age of 69.8 (24-87) years, 25 females and 35 males were included in the study. The mean APACHE II score was 18.9 ± 8.0, and the SOFA score was 4.5 ± 2.0. Fifty-two (86.7%) patients had positive oro-nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR; (13,3%) patients had positive IgM/Ig G rapid antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2. Tocilizumab was given on an average of 2.5th days (± 2.0 days). On the day of tocilizumab administration, 1 (1.7%) patient had mild ARDS, 30 (50.0%) had moderate ARDS, and 29 (48.3%) had severe ARDS. The PaO2/FIO2 ratio of the study group on the day of tocilizumab administration was 96.7 ± 36.6 mmHg. Thirty-four (56.7%) patients were intubated during follow-up. Forty (66.7%) patients died, while 20 (33.3%) patients were transferred to the ward. The mean length of stay in the ICU was 11.4 ± 5.5 days. Advanced age (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.93; p < 0.001), higher APACHE II score (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.74-0.98; p = 0.001), higher SOFA score on the day of tocilizumab administration (HR 1.47, 95% CI 0.39-0.79; p = 0.001), and lower PaO2/FIO2 ratio (HR 2.54, 95% CI 2.33-3.79; p < 0.001) were determined as independent risk factors for mortality.

Conclusion:

Patients administered tocilizumab and favipiravir in our ICU were mostly patients with moderate-severe ARDS and had higher inflammatory markers. The reason for the high mortality in this study was attributed to the fact that all of the patients had moderate-severe COVID-19-related ARDS, rather than severe COVID-19.
Spontaneous Thyroid Parenchymal Hemorrhage Causing Acute Airway
Obstruction and Its Endovascular Treatment: A Case Report and Literature
Review
Authors: Kaba Esat , Beyazal Mehmet , Atas İsmail
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Massive parenchymal hemorrhage of the thyroid gland is very rare. Some of these can reach a life-threatening level.

Case Presentation:

A 70-year-old female patient approached the emergency department with swelling and redness on her neck after a routine dialysis session. In the
neck computed tomography obtained, there was a massive hematoma originating from the thyroid gland parenchyma. The hematoma was causing
airway compression. We performed thyroid artery embolization and within days, hematoma dimensions and compression effect disappeared
without surgical treatment.

Conclusion:

Massive hemorrhage of the thyroid gland parenchyma is very rare and can reach life-threatening dimensions. Effective and rapid treatment should
be done. As an alternative to surgery, endovascular treatment can be life-saving.
First Approval of Pacritinib as a Selective Janus Associated Kinase-2 Inhibitor for
the Treatment of Patients with Myelofibrosis
Authors: De Surya K.
Published: March 2023

Myelofibrosis is one kind of bone marrow blood cancer that gives mainly bone marrow scarring. JAK families
include JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) and they control hematopoiesis and immune cell function.
JAK-STAT pathways have the critical roles in the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory
diseases such as myelofibrosis. The 8 JAK inhibitors are approved by the US FDA for the treatment of various diseases.
Abrocitinib, baricitinib, oclacitinib, ruxolitinib, tofacitinib, upadacitinib, fedratinib, and pactrinib with their IC50
values against JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2 are included. All approved JAK inhibitors with structural similarities
and dissimilarities are summarized. The development story of pacritinib and new design route to overcome intellectual
property-related issues by connecting the A ring and C ring to form the macrocyclic compounds like 16 without compromising
the binding modes in the hinge region are discussed. By using the powerful ring-closing metathesis (RCM),
they designed and synthesized and delivered FDA approved pacritinib. In this short perspective, the chemical structure,
physicochemical properties, mechanism of action, drug-interactions, adverse events, and pharmacokinetic profile of
pacritinib are summarized. Detailed step by step synthesis of pacritinib is provided. Pacritinib is an orally bioavailable
and isoform selective JAK-2 inhibitor for the treatment of patients with myelofibrosis. Detailed metabolism pathway
with proper explanation is discussed.
Evaluation of a practical automatic damage assessment system using a single accelerometer for wooden frame houses
Authors: Furukawa Y.
Published: March 2023

Abstract In recent years, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has been attracting more attention as a method to determine the existence of the damage and its extent. The typical SHM system employs many sensors to assess the damage quantitatively and qualitatively. However, such a system is not appropriate for wooden houses as it is very costly despite the strong demand. Therefore, developing a low-cost SHM system for wooden houses is necessary. We have been working on algorithms that automatically determine the degree of damage from the maximum inter-story drift angle and natural frequencies using two accelerometers and evaluate the accuracy of the results by applying them to full-scale shake table experimental data.[1] Then, we evolved the system to use only a single accelerometer. In this advanced method, we estimate the first natural frequency without being annoyed by the fundamental frequency of ground motion, which often deteriorates frequency estimation accuracy. In this paper, we demonstrate the applicability of the SHM system using only one sensor in practical scenarios. Firstly, we examined the proposed method using only one accelerometer through the simulation approach. Secondly, we test the system's applicability utilizing a series of large-scale shake table test data. Finally, we examine this method's validity and economic feasibility, contributing to cost reduction and simplification of the algorithm for practical use.
Long-term cable vibration monitoring and cable tension estimation of a cable-stayed bridge
Authors: Jiang W.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. This study aims to investigate the applicability of ambient cable vibrations for cable tension estimation and the identification uncertainty and effect of EOVs in the long-term SHM of cable tensions. An advantage of long-term ambient vibration monitoring is that there is no need to close roads for the monitoring campaign once a monitoring system is installed. A disadvantage of long-term environmental vibration monitoring is the difficulty in dealing with uncertainties caused by environmental and operational variations (EOVs). A Bayesian approach to quantify uncertainties in monitoring is thus proposed for the identification of cable tension. Variations of the identified cable tension in the short- and long-term monitoring are examined to discuss the need for normalization of EOVs in damage detection. Long-term monitoring of the cable-stayed bridge showed that it is possible to estimate cable tension using ambient vibration measurements, but that the seasonal variation is greater for longer cables than for shorter cables, making it clear that a trend component of the seasonal variation needs to be taken into account.
Damage detection in hybrid metal-composite plates using ultrasonic guided waves based on outliers estimate
Authors: Masurkar F.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The present research focusses on the development of a robust data-driven damage diagnosis technique to detect different types of damages in a hybrid metal-composite (HMC) plate specimen resulting from manufacturing processes, loading conditions, and ambient environmental conditions. These defects over a course of time deteriorate the load-bearing capacity of the HMC’s and in turn, their reliability in terms of safe operation. In this work, ultrasonic guided waves (UGW) are used for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of the HMC. The use of UGW for NDE offers advantages such as long-range inspection and sensitivity to small-sized surface and sub-surface damages. The ultrasonic tests are simulated using a pitch-catch active sensing technique at a typical frequency-mode pair best suited to detect and classify damages in the HMCs. The damage-sensitive feature is extracted from the received UGW using Hilbert transform-based feature extraction method. The damage indicator is classified in the damage-sensitive feature space using the root mean square technique identified as outliers, which is further used to classify the detected damages. The achieved results manifest the ability of the proposed technique to be a part of the industrial structural integrity inspection process typically for HMCs in detecting and classifying embedded damages with high accuracy.
Inverse finite element-based shape reconstruction method for large-scale space antenna
Authors: Huang T.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Large-scale space antennas will experience rapid temperature changes and non-uniform temperature distribution during orbit operation. These thermal excitations will lead to unpredictable deformation of the antenna. To ensure its normal operation, real-time and reliable shape monitoring of the antenna is necessary for further array correction and compensation. The structural shape reconstruction method based on strain information and fiber Bragg grating sensors is one of the most potent methods. This paper proposed an inverse finite element-based shape reconstruction method with variable element size for a honeycomb sandwich antenna panel under changing and non-uniform temperature environment. The size of the inverse finite element is optimized by the displacement gradient, which reduces the total number of elements and improves the efficiency of the shape reconstruction algorithm. The proposed method is validated with a honeycomb sandwich antenna panel numerically and experimentally.
Wavefield character in high rise building under earthquake shake and CNN based damage detection
Authors: Zhang A.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Vibration of buildings can be regarded as the wave propagation in the vertical direction. Stiffness deterioration of structures due to damages could be altered by the changes in velocity and attenuation of the traveling waves. Previous studies have proposed methods to construct a new wavefield from the original wavefield of the building, in which the propagation path of the waves can be more easily recognized. In this study, firstly, we construct the wavefield with the virtual source at the top of the building (deconvolved wave), which consist of one acausal up-going wave and one causal down-going wave. Then, the changes of deconvolved waves over time at the base and inter floors are visualized. Finally, the CNN is constructed to automatically recognize the change of the visualized wavefield. To generate training data of the CNN model, multivariate nonlinear vibration simulation, reconstruction of the wavefield and visualization of the wavefield based on the vibration data was performed. To validate the trained CNN, the data of a shake table test on a 1/3 scaled 18-story steel frame building is used. As the damage progresses, the changes in the wavefield are recognized.
Bridge damage detection by means of displacement based bridge weigh-in-motion
Authors: Yokoyama T.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. In order to develop an efficient and quantitative bridge inspection method using sensors, this study investigates feasibility of bridge damage detection using Bridge Weigh-In-Motion (BWIM) and deflection of the bridge. As deflection influence line changes due to damage in BWIM, a virtual axle is introduced to the vehicle and the process of axle weight identification so that the increase of identified wheel loads due to damage can be distributed to the virtual axle. Bridge damage thus can be detected by examining the wheel load on the virtual axle, which should theoretically be zero if the condition of the bridge has not changed from the reference state. Changes in the wheel load of the virtual axle due to damage in the bridge were observed from a laboratory experiment as well as simulations. The results also indicated that the wheel load of the virtual axle varied depending on the position of the virtual axle and the damage position. Observations demonstrated that the damage identification accuracy by means of the virtual axle can be improved by selecting the appropriate position of the virtual axle.
Design of compact and portable structural health monitoring system for piezoelectric guided wave
Authors: Xu Q.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Structural health monitoring (SHM) is an important technology to realize structural reliability evaluation, which can increase the safety and reduce the maintenance costs of engineering structures. Piezoelectric guided wave SHM technology has broad application prospects because it is sensitive to small damage and can realize multi parameter monitoring such as damage and impact. However, the reported piezoelectric guided wave SHM system is large, which is not conducive to engineering applications. In this paper, aiming at the ground rapid monitoring application of aircraft structure, a compact and portable SHM system for piezoelectric guided wave is developed. Firstly, an overall architecture of hierarchical design is proposed, and then the software and hardware design of the system is studied. The volume of the system is only 273×184×59mm3, the mass is less than 3kg, it can support 32 sensor channels, the excitation voltage amplitude can reach 140Vpp, and the maximum sampling rate can reach 60MS/s. Finally, a verification experiment is carried out to realize the accurate location of the damage of carbon fiber composite structure. The results show that the system is a high-performance portable system suitable for aircraft ground applications.
Detecting contact acoustic nonlinearity in TOFD measurements via quasistatic loading
Authors: Carcione A.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. In this paper, we propose a novel method to detect and quantify contact acoustic nonlinearity using conventional time of flight diffraction (TOFD) non-destructive testing (NDT) equipment, with the aim to improve the sensitivity and robustness of TOFD measurements. This new method involves applying an external cyclic quasi-static load while simultaneously taking TOFD measurements. The applied load causes modulation of contact surfaces within damaged areas of the material, which can be observed as changes in the time-domain TOFD response. Additional processing extracts any load-dependent features from the signals, allowing the identification and quantification of damage and defects that exhibit contact acoustic nonlinearity. Importantly, this new quasistatic contact acoustic nonlinearity (QS-CAN) technique maintains time-resolution and localisation capability of conventional TOFD. It is shown that the technique can differentiate between different types of damage such as fatigue cracks or voids within samples. The new QS-CAN nonlinear ultrasonic methodology is a fundamental extension to all existing nonlinear measurement techniques. It allows for the first time to use time signals captured from conventional NDT equipment to extract nonlinear material characteristics.
Modulation of quantum beats signal upon photoionization of Xe isotopes in the magnetic field
Authors: VIKTOROV E.A.  , SERDOBINTSEV P.YU.  , BEZUGLOV N.N.  , MICULIS K.
Published: March 2023

Photoionization processes involving polarized Xe atoms in the presence of an external magnetic field were analyzed in our previous studies. It was shown that the modulation of quantum beats in the observed electronic photo signals could not be explained by the Paschen-Back effect accounting for fine-structure levels only. In the current work, ionized Xe+ isotopes are used as the output channel of photoionization. By comparing the temporal partial signals in the mass spectra of the Xe+ isotopes, it was possible to explain the modulation of quantum beats in ion fluxes as a consequence of the presence of the hyperfine structure in the Zeeman components of the 129Xe and 131Xe isotopes. Keywords: quantum beats, hyperfine structure, Zeeman effect, two-photon excitation, femtosecond ionization, "pump-probe"-experiment.
Magnetic resonance frequency shifts of alkali atoms in a K-Li mixture
Authors: Kartoshkin V.A.
Published: March 2023

The calculation of the frequency shifts of the magnetic resonance of K and Li atoms in a K-Li mixture has been carried out. A significant difference in the behavior of the temperature dependences of the frequency shifts for the optical orientation of K or Li atoms is established. Keywords: spin exchange, cross sections, frequency shifts.
The Backscattering Polarization for a Sphere with a Two-Scale Relief of Rough Surface
Authors: Klass E.V.  , Ulyanov S.A.  , Belorybkin I.Y.
Published: March 2023

The paper presents the results of studies of the polarization of backscattered optical radiation for a model of a sphere with a wavy surface covered with arbitrarily oriented ellipsoidal pores. The calculations were performed by the Monte Carlo method (ROKS-RG program, geometrical optics approximation). Surface roughness of objects is taken into account using local geometries. It is shown that for structures whose pores contain a vitreous medium, the presence of vacuum voids between a transparent and opaque medium determines the nature of the phase dependence of the degree of polarization. In the absence of vacuum, the polarization is always positive and, for small phase angles, depends significantly on the optical characteristics of an opaque medium. The presence of vacuum is a catalyst for the growth of the p-component of the reflected radiation. This leads to a significant decrease in the amplitude of the positive polarization branch. Differences in the optical characteristics of opaque materials are also leveled out, and in some cases negative values of the degree of polarization are observed in the region of small phase angles. Keywords: polarization, geometrical optics approximation, Monte Carlo method, rough surface, Two-Scale Relief.
Excitation of waveguide modes in plasmonic waveguide, formed by electron beam in glass
Authors: Sidorov A. I.  , Tislenko V.
Published: March 2023

By methods of computer simulation the features of excitation of waveguide modes in plasmonic waveguide, formed by electron beam in glass, were studied. The waveguide is the thin layer of silver, or silver nanoparticles under the glass surface. It is shown that the efficiency of transformation of volume electromagnetic wave to waveguide mode can reach 0.8. The influence of geometry factors on the efficiency of transformation was studied. Keywords: plasmonic waveguide, waveguide mode, glass, electron beam.
Optical express monitoring of Internalin B, a protein of the pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, using SERS-active silver-decorated silicon nanowires
Authors: Gonchar K. A.  , Alekseeva E. A.  , Gyuppenen O. D.  , Bozhev I. V.  , Kalinin E. V.  , Ermolaeva S. A.  , Osminkina  L. А.
Published: March 2023

Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is a powerful vibrational optical spectroscopy method that allows highly sensitive detection of molecules at very low concentrations of matter by amplifying the electromagnetic fields created by excitation of localized surface plasmons on the surface of noble metal nanostructures. In the presented work a method of manufacturing composite nanostructures of silicon nanowires decorated with silver (AgSiNWs) has been developed. The SERS activity of AgSiNWs for protein detection was investigated using human serum albumin as an example. For the first time, the possibility of rapid diagnosis of internalin B (InlB) protein of pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes by SERS using the obtained nanostructures was shown. In the spectra of InlB adsorbed on AgSiNWs at different concentrations, distinct peaks corresponding to Raman scattering on protein molecules are observed. Based on the experimental data obtained, the detection limit of InlB was calculated to be 4.8· 10-9 M. The results presented in this work demonstrate the high potential of the obtained composite nanostructures for the diagnosis of various proteins by SERS. Keywords: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering, silicon nanowires, composite nanostructures, albumin, listeria, internalin B.
Energetic and radiative properties of the A-=SUP=-2-=/SUP=-Sigma-=SUP=-+-=/SUP=--X-=SUP=-2-=/SUP=- system of the OH radical: ab initio calculation and non-adiabatic simulation
Authors: Kozlov S. V.  , Pazyuk E. A.
Published: March 2023

A quantum-chemical model for non-adiabatic simulation of the energetic and radiative properties of the A2Sigma+-X2 system of the OH radical is presented. The electronic structure parameters (potential energy functions and electronic matrix elements of the spin-orbit and the electron-rotation interactions) are obtained by means of ab initio calculation. The reliability of the performed calculations is confirmed by comparing ab initio estimates with experimental values for the spin-orbit splitting, the -doubling parameters of the X2 state, and the γ-doubling of the A2Sigma+ state. The frequencies and Einstein coefficients for rovibronic transitions between the A2Sigma+ and X2 states are simulated in a wide range of rovibrational excitations. The obtained values are in quantitative agreement with the data available from literature. Keywords: OH radical, ab initio calculation, non-adiabatic interaction, fine structure, radiative transition probability.
Anisotropic saturation of the EPR spectrum of an DCO radical stabilized in solid CO at 4.2 K and its orientation motion
Authors: Dmitriev Yu. A.
Published: March 2023

Formyl radicals, DCO, were produced in solid CO matrix and studied by EPR using gas deposition technique on a cold substrate at 4.2 K. The radical electron spin-lattice relaxation was measured to be anisotropic. The anisotropy was found to originate from the anisotropic orientational motion of the radical with the most intensive librations performed around a z axis corresponding to the smallest moment of inertia of the molecule. It was shown that, in solid CO, the libration motion of small molecules is modeled by considering a particle rotating in the orientational potential box. A suggestion was substantiated about the complicated nature of the orientational motion of HCO in the solid CO matrix including the intensive librations and slow tunneling rotation of the molecule around the z axis. Keywords: electron paramagnetic resonance, matrix isolation, formyl radical, anisotropy of the spin-lattice relaxation time, librations and tunneling rotation of molecules.
On the nonlinear optics of extremely short pulses
Authors: Sazonov S.V.
Published: March 2023

A brief scientific-methodological review of theoretical works and approaches created in the nonlinear optics of extremely short pulses from the 1970s to the present is presented. Important features are emphasized that distinguish the nonlinear optics of extremely short pulses from the nonlinear optics of quasi-monochromatic signals. Keywords: Extremely short pulse, Unipolar Pulse, Soliton.
Investigation of the surface layer formed during the processing of quartz glass using mechanochemical and ionic polishing
Authors: Zolotarev V. M
Published: March 2023

Quantitative studies of the optical parameters of the surface layer formed during the polishing of quartz glass have been carried out. It is shown that the mechanism of formation of the surface layer when using the methods of mechanochemical and ion polishing has much in common. In both cases, the appearance of a surface layer, which differs by a high refractive index from the corresponding bulk properties of glass, is associated with the stress and breaking of the Si-O-Si bridge bonds during hydrolysis during glass polishing. The hydrolysis of Si-O-Si bonds is associated with the formation of Si-O and Si-OH groups, which leads to an increase in the refractive index of the surface layer. Keywords: surface layer, quartz glass, mechanochemical and ionic polishing, formation of Si-O and Si-OH groups.
A Low-Wavelength Host Absorption Edge of Cesium-Lithium Borate CsLiB-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-10-=/SUB=-
Authors: Ogorodnikov I. N.
Published: March 2023

We have carried out an experimental study of the VUV edge of the optical host absorption of cesium-lithium borate crystals CsLiB6O10 (CLBO). The transmission (T=293 K) and absorption (T = 80, 293 K) spectra were studied, the short-wavelength edge of the transparency band (cutoff wavelength) and the energy position of the edge fundamental absorption at which the absorption coefficient k=50 cm-1 were determined. The absorption edge temperature shift coefficient -5.5·10-4 eV/K was determined. Based on low-temperature reflection spectra (T=10 K, theta=17o, E=7-30 eV) the Kramers-Kronig method was used to calculate the spectra of optical constants: refractive index (n) and absorption index (k), real (ε1) and imaginary (ε2) parts of the complex permittivity , as well as the absorption coefficient μ. The lowest energy peak, due to electronic transitions from the top of the valence band to the states of the bottom of the conduction band, was studied in the ε2(E) spectrum, the thresholds for interband transitions were determined Eg=7.95 eV. The origin of the fundamental absorption edge of cesium-lithium borate is discussed. Keywords:: Cesium-lithium borate CsLiB6O10 (CLBO), host absorption edge, optical properties.
Photostability of luminescence of Ag-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-S quantum dots and Ag-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-S/SiO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- core/shell structures
Authors: Grevtseva I.G.  , Ovchinnikov O.V.  , Smirnov M.S.  , Kondratenko T.S.  , Derepko V.N.  , Hussein A.M.Kh.  , Egorov N.E.  , Vozgorkova E.A.
Published: March 2023

The paper presents regularities that demonstrate the effect of passivating ligands formation of thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine (TGA, L-Cys) and dielectric shells (SiO2) on Ag2S nanocrystals interface on the photostability of their IR luminescence. Using FTIR absorption spectroscopy, the interaction manifestations of passivating ligands molecules of TGA and L-Cys with Ag2S nanocrystals, as well as the formation of SiO2 shell due to the process of replacing organic ligands with a silica ligand (MPTMS) ("ligand exchange"), were found. In the case of replacing TGA with MPTMS, an increase in the luminescence quantum yield of Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) and its resistance to long-term exposure to exciting radiation was found. In the case of replacing L-Cys with MPTMS, the formation of a fragmentary SiO2/L-Cys shell on Ag2S nanocrystals was observed due to the partial replacement of L-Cys with MPTMS, which contributes to the reverse photodegradation of KT Ag2S luminescence of as a result of SiO2/L-Cys shell photodestruction. Keywords: photoluminescence, luminescence photostability, quantum yield, quantum dot, core/shell structures, FTIR spectroscopy.
Reflectometric temperature measurement using a single-mode-multimode-single-mode" fiber optic structure
Authors: Igumenov A. Yu.  , Melnikov I. V.  , Afanasiev A. A.  , Popova S. S.  , Lukinykh S. N.  , Tambasov I. A.
Published: March 2023

It is shown the "single-mode-multimode-single-mode" structure allows carrying out remote temperature measurement with optical time domain reflectometer. A multimode fiber length was 10 mm. We used the temperature range from 30 to 70oC and wavelengths of 1310 and 1550 nm. The total length of a single-mode fiber-optic line for reflectometric measurements was 20 km. Keywords: fiber optics, fiber optic sensors, optical fiber reflectometry, multimode interference.
AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs heterostructures for pHEMT switching transistors
Authors: Protasov D. Yu.  , Dmitriev D. V.  , Zhuravlev K. S.  , Ayzenshtat G. I.  , Yushchenko A. Y.  , Pashkovsky A. B.
Published: March 2023

The pHEMT heterostructures optimized in this work to improve the parameters of switching microwave transistors have a one-sided delta-doping at 6· 1012 cm-2 and an AlAs/GaAs spacer. Such heterostructures were used to fabricate the monolithic integrated circuits of single-pole double throw pHEMT switches with gate length and width of 0.5 μm and 100 μm, respectively. The resulting transistors had the following parameters: gmax=400 mS/mm, saturation current ID=380 mA/mm, ON-state resistance 1.0 Ω· mm, OFF-state capacitance 0.37 pF/mm. The switch parameters at 20 GHz are: insertion loss -2.2 dB, isolation -56 dB, return loss -11.7 dB, linearity P1 dB=21 dBm and IIP3=40 dBm. Keywords: Single-side doping, spacer design, maximal conductivity, pHEMT, switches.
Study of optical and photocatalytic properties of titanium oxide films with different oxidation degree
Authors: Ruchkin S. E.  , ZhidikY. S.  , Yuryev Y. N.  , Runts A. A.  , Goncharova E. D.  , Yuryeva A. V.
Published: March 2023

The results of studies of the optical and photocatalytic properties of titanium oxide films deposited by vacuum-arc evaporation in an oxygen-containing atmosphere are presented. It was experimentally shown that films of different degrees of oxidation are formed during deposition, depending on the amount of oxygen flow entering the working chamber. The results of studies of the obtained films showed that the films obtained in a transitional mode between the deposition of metallic Ti films and dielectric TiO2 films have the maximum photocatalytic activity. This deposition mode is observed at the oxygen flow into the working chamber from 9 to 12 cm3/min Keywords: titanium dioxide, anatase, photocatalytic activity.
Rotation of an atomic-molecular particle placed into the linearly polarized light field and static electric or magnetic fields
Authors: Grachev A. I
Published: March 2023

Rotation mechanisms of an atomic-molecular particle being into the linearly polarized light field and applied static electric or magnetic fields are for the first time shortly analyzed. Exerting of the particle torque is based on the dynamic molecular Hall effect, distinctive features of which are able to expand the resource of the optical-mechanical manipulation by molecular objects. Keywords: nonlinear optics, nano-photonics, Faraday effect, Hall effect, torque.