bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wind Energy Potential Assessment and Forecasting Research Based on the Data Pre-Processing Technique and Swarm Intelligent Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Wang Zhilong , Wang Chen , Wu Jie
Published: November 2016

Accurate quantification and characterization of a wind energy potential assessment and forecasting is significant to optimal wind farm design, evaluation and scheduling. However, wind energy potential assessment and forecasting remain difficult and challenging research topics at present. Traditional wind energy assessment and forecasting models usually ignore the problem of data pre-processing as well as parameter optimization, which leads to low accuracy. Therefore, this paper aims to assess the potential of wind energy and forecast the wind speed in four locations in China based on the data pre-processing technique and swarm intelligent optimization algorithms. In the assessment stage, the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm, ant colony (AC) algorithm, firefly algorithm (FA) and genetic algorithm (GA) are used to estimate the two unknown parameters in the Weibull distribution. Then, the wind energy potential assessment results obtained by three data-preprocessing approaches are compared to recognize the best data-preprocessing approach and process the original wind speed time series. While in the forecasting stage, by considering the pre-processed wind speed time series as the original data, the CS and AC optimization algorithms are adopted to optimize three neural networks, namely, the Elman neural network, back propagation neural network, and wavelet neural network. The comparison results demonstrate that the new proposed wind energy assessment and speed forecasting techniques produce promising assessments and predictions and perform better than the single assessment and forecasting components.
Some Invariants of Circulant Graphs
Authors: Munir Mobeen , Nazeer Waqas , Shahzadi Zakia , Kang Shin
Published: November 2016

Topological indices and polynomials are predicting properties like boiling points, fracture toughness, heat of formation, etc., of different materials, and thus save us from extra experimental burden. In this article we compute many topological indices for the family of circulant graphs. At first, we give a general closed form of M-polynomial of this family and recover many degree-based topological indices out of it. We also compute Zagreb indices and Zagreb polynomials of this family. Our results extend many existing results.
Effect of Particle Size on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Based Composite Reinforced with 10 Vol.% Mechanically Alloyed Mg-7.4%Al Particles
Authors: Chaubey Anil , Konda Gokuldoss Prashanth , Wang Zhi , Scudino Sergio , Mukhopadhyay Nilay , Eckert Jürgen
Published: November 2016

The effect of Mg-7.4%Al reinforcement particle size on the microstructure and mechanical properties in pure Al matrix composites was investigated. The samples were prepared by hot consolidation using 10 vol.% reinforcement in different size ranges, D, 0 < D < 20 µm (0–20 µm), 20 ≤ D < 40 µm (20–40 µm), 40 ≤ D < 80 µm (40–80 µm) and 80 ≤ D < 100 µm (80–100 µm). The result reveals that particle size has a strong influence on the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and percentage elongation. As the particle size decreases from 80 ≤ D < 100 µm to 0 < D < 20 µm, both tensile strength and ductility increases from 195 MPa to 295 MPa and 3% to 4% respectively, due to the reduced ligament size and particle fracturing. Wear test results also corroborate the size effect, where accelerated wear is observed in the composite samples reinforced with coarse particles.
Clostridium perfringens Sialidases: Potential Contributors to Intestinal Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Li Jihong , Uzal Francisco , McClane Bruce
Published: November 2016

Clostridium perfringens is a major cause of histotoxic and intestinal infections of humans and other animals. This Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium can produce up to three sialidases named NanH, NanI, and NanJ. The role of sialidases in histotoxic infections, such as gas gangrene (clostridial myonecrosis), remains equivocal. However, recent in vitro studies suggest that NanI may contribute to intestinal virulence by upregulating production of some toxins associated with intestinal infection, increasing the binding and activity of some of those toxins, and enhancing adherence of C. perfringens to intestinal cells. Possible contributions of NanI to intestinal colonization are further supported by observations that the C. perfringens strains causing acute food poisoning in humans often lack the nanI gene, while other C. perfringens strains causing chronic intestinal infections in humans usually carry a nanI gene. Certain sialidase inhibitors have been shown to block NanI activity and reduce C. perfringens adherence to cultured enterocyte-like cells, opening the possibility that sialidase inhibitors could be useful therapeutics against C. perfringens intestinal infections. These initial in vitro observations should be tested for their in vivo significance using animal models of intestinal infections.
Mycotoxin Contamination in Sugarcane Grass and Juice: First Report on Detection of Multiple Mycotoxins and Exposure Assessment for Aflatoxins B1 and G1 in Humans
Authors: Abdallah Mohamed , Krska Rudolf , Sulyok Michael
Published: November 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the natural co-occurrence of multiple toxic fungal and bacterial metabolites in sugarcane grass and juice intended for human consumption in Upper Egypt. Quantification of the target analytes has been done using the “dilute and shoot” approach followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total number of 29 and 33 different metabolites were detected in 21 sugarcane grass and 40 juice samples, respectively, with a trend of concentrations being higher in grass than in juice. Among the regulated mycotoxins, only aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) were detected. The prevalence of AFB1 was in 48% of grass samples and in 58% of juice with a maximum concentration of 30.6 μg/kg and 2.10 μg/kg, respectively. AFG1 was detected in 10% of grass samples (7.76 μg/kg) and 18% of juice samples (34 μg/kg). Dietary exposure was assessed using a juice frequency questionnaire of adult inhabitants in Assiut City. The assessment revealed different levels of exposure to AFB1 between males and females in winter and summer seasons. The estimated seasonal exposure ranged from 0.20 to 0.40 ng/kg b.w./day in winter and from 0.38 to 0.90 ng/kg b.w./day in summer.
Spotlight on the Underdogs—An Analysis of Underrepresented Alternaria Mycotoxins Formed Depending on Varying Substrate, Time and Temperature Conditions
Authors: Zwickel Theresa , Kahl Sandra , Klaffke Horst , Rychlik Michael , Müller Marina
Published: November 2016

Alternaria (A.) is a genus of widespread fungi capable of producing numerous, possibly health-endangering Alternaria toxins (ATs), which are usually not the focus of attention. The formation of ATs depends on the species and complex interactions of various environmental factors and is not fully understood. In this study the influence of temperature (7 °C, 25 °C), substrate (rice, wheat kernels) and incubation time (4, 7, and 14 days) on the production of thirteen ATs and three sulfoconjugated ATs by three different Alternaria isolates from the species groups A. tenuissima and A. infectoria was determined. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was used for quantification. Under nearly all conditions, tenuazonic acid was the most extensively produced toxin. At 25 °C and with increasing incubation time all toxins were formed in high amounts by the two A. tenuissima strains on both substrates with comparable mycotoxin profiles. However, for some of the toxins, stagnation or a decrease in production was observed from day 7 to 14. As opposed to the A. tenuissima strains, the A. infectoria strain only produced low amounts of ATs, but high concentrations of stemphyltoxin III. The results provide an essential insight into the quantitative in vitro AT formation under different environmental conditions, potentially transferable to different field and storage conditions.
Integrating scFv into xMAP Assays for the Detection of Marine Toxins
Authors: Shriver-Lake Lisa , Liu Jinny , Brozozog Lee P. , Goldman Ellen , Dietrich Richard , Märtlbauer Erwin , Anderson George
Published: November 2016

Marine toxins, such as saxitoxin and domoic acid are associated with algae blooms and can bioaccumulate in shell fish which present both health and economic concerns. The ability to detect the presence of toxin is paramount for the administration of the correct supportive care in case of intoxication; environmental monitoring to detect the presence of toxin is also important for prevention of intoxication. Immunoassays are one tool that has successfully been applied to the detection of marine toxins. Herein, we had the variable regions of two saxitoxin binding monoclonal antibodies sequenced and used the information to produce recombinant constructs that consist of linked heavy and light variable domains that make up the binding domains of the antibodies (scFv). Recombinantly produced binding elements such as scFv provide an alternative to traditional antibodies and serve to “preserve” monoclonal antibodies as they can be easily recreated from their sequence data. In this paper, we combined the anti-saxitoxin scFv developed here with a previously developed anti-domoic acid scFv and demonstrated their utility in a microsphere-based competitive immunoassay format. In addition to detection in buffer, we demonstrated equivalent sensitivity in oyster and scallop matrices. The potential for multiplexed detection using scFvs in this immunoassay format is demonstrated.
Role of Pea Enation Mosaic Virus Coat Protein in the Host Plant and Aphid Vector
Authors: Doumayrou Juliette , Sheber Melissa , Bonning Bryony , Miller W.
Published: November 2016

Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in plant virus–vector interactions is essential for the development of effective control measures for aphid-vectored epidemic plant diseases. The coat proteins (CP) are the main component of the viral capsids, and they are implicated in practically every stage of the viral infection cycle. Pea enation mosaic virus 1 (PEMV1, Enamovirus, Luteoviridae) and Pea enation mosaic virus 2 (PEMV2, Umbravirus, Tombusviridae) are two RNA viruses in an obligate symbiosis causing the pea enation mosaic disease. Sixteen mutant viruses were generated with mutations in different domains of the CP to evaluate the role of specific amino acids in viral replication, virion assembly, long-distance movement in Pisum sativum, and aphid transmission. Twelve mutant viruses were unable to assemble but were able to replicate in inoculated leaves, move long-distance, and express the CP in newly infected leaves. Four mutant viruses produced virions, but three were not transmissible by the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum. Three-dimensional modeling of the PEMV CP, combined with biological assays for virion assembly and aphid transmission, allowed for a model of the assembly of PEMV coat protein subunits.
Erratum: Tahara, M., et al. Measles Virus Hemagglutinin Protein Epitopes: The Basis of Antigenic Stability. Viruses 2016, 8, 216
Authors: Tahara Maino , Bürckert Jean-Philippe , Kanou Kazuhiko , Maenaka Katsumi , Muller Claude , Takeda Makoto
Published: November 2016

The authors wish to make the following change to their paper [1].[...]
Aphis Glycines Virus 2, a Novel Insect Virus with a Unique Genome Structure
Authors: Liu Sijun , Vijayendran Diveena , Chen Yuting , Bonning Bryony
Published: November 2016

The invasive soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, is a major pest in soybeans, resulting in substantial economic loss. We analyzed the A. glycines transcriptome to identify sequences derived from viruses of A. glycines. We identified sequences derived from a novel virus named Aphis glycines virus 2 (ApGlV2). The assembled virus genome sequence was confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Sanger sequencing, conserved domains were characterized, and distribution, and transmission examined. This virus has a positive sense, single-stranded RNA genome of ~4850 nt that encodes three proteins. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of ApGlV2 is a permuted RdRp similar to those of some tetraviruses, while the capsid protein is structurally similar to the capsid proteins of plant sobemoviruses. ApGlV2 also encodes a larger minor capsid protein, which is translated by a readthrough mechanism. ApGlV2 appears to be widespread in A. glycines populations and to persistently infect aphids with a 100% vertical transmission rate. ApGlV2 is susceptible to the antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. This virus, with its unique genome structure with both plant- and insect-virus characteristics, is of particular interest from an evolutionary standpoint.
Quantifying the UK Online Interest in Substances of the EU Watchlist for Water Monitoring: Diclofenac, Estradiol, and the Macrolide Antibiotics
Authors: Mavragani Amaryllis , Sypsa Karla , Sampri Alexia , Tsagarakis Konstantinos
Published: November 2016

Due to the increased interest in micropollutants, this paper aims at quantifying and analyzing the UK online interest in Diclofenac, Estradiol, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, and Erythromycin, substances included in the EU watchlist for monitoring, in order to examine if the public’s online behavior and the use of these substances, in terms of issued prescriptions, are correlated. Using time series data from Google Trends from January 2004 to December 2014, an analysis of these substances in the UK, and in each UK region, i.e., England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, is at first performed, followed by an analysis of interest by substance. The results show high interest in Diclofenac with a slight decline, while the Macrolides are significantly less popular though increasing. For Estradiol, the interest is low and declining throughout the examined period, in contrast to the scientific community, where Estradiol is the most studied substance. Prescription items and Google hits are highly correlated in the UK for Diclofenac, Azithromycin, and Clarithromycin, while no correlation is observed for Estradiol. Results from this study indicated that online search traffic data can be valuable in examining the public’s online behavior towards the monitored micropollutants, and could assist with the evaluation and forecasting of their concentrations in the waste, surface, and ground water in the UK.
National Large-Scale Wetland Creation in Agricultural Areas—Potential versus Realized Effects on Nutrient Transports
Authors: Weisner Stefan , Johannesson Karin , Thiere Geraldine , Svengren Henrik , Ehde Per , Tonderski Karin
Published: November 2016

During 2007–2013, the Swedish Board of Agriculture granted support within a national program to about 1000 wetlands, corresponding to a 5300-hectare wetland area, with the dual goal to remove nutrients from water and to improve biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects on nutrient transports that are realized within the national program to what could be obtained with the same area of wetlands if location and design of wetlands were optimized. In single, highly nutrient-loaded wetlands, a removal of around 1000 kg nitrogen and 100 kg phosphorus per hectare wetland area and year was estimated from monitoring data. Statistical models were developed to estimate the overall nutrient removal effects of wetlands created within the national program. Depending on model, the effect of the national program as a whole was estimated to between 27 and 38 kg nitrogen and between 2.7 and 4.5 kg phosphorus per hectare created wetland area and year. Comparison of what is achieved in individual wetlands to what was achieved in the national program indicates that nutrient removal effects could be increased substantially in future wetland programs by emphasising location and design of wetlands.
On the Simulation of Floods in a Narrow Bending Valley: The Malpasset Dam Break Case Study
Authors: Biscarini Chiara , Di Francesco Silvia , Ridolfi Elena , Manciola Piergiorgio
Published: November 2016

In this paper, we investigate the performance of three-dimensional (3D) hydraulic modeling when dealing with river sinuosity and meander bends. In river bends, the flow is dominated by a secondary current, which has a key role on the flow redistribution. The secondary flow induces transverse components of the bed shear stress and increases the velocity in outward direction, thus generating local erosion and riverbed modifications. When in river bends, the 3D processes prevail, and a 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is required to correctly predict the flow structure. An accurate description of the different hydrodynamic processes in mildly and sharply curved bends find a relevant application in meanders migration modeling. The mechanisms that drive the velocity redistribution in meandering channels depend on the river’s roughness, the flow depth (H), the radius curvature (R), the width (B) and the bathymetric variations. Here, the hydro-geomorphic characterization of sharp and mild meanders is performed by means of the ratios R/B, B/H, and R/H, and of the sinuosity index. As a case study, we selected the Malpasset dam break on the Reyran River Valley (FR), as it is perfectly suited for investigating performances and issues of a 3D model in simulating the inundation dynamics in a river channel with a varying curvature radius.
Methods Open – A New Journal Track Starting in 2017
Authors: Haux Reinhold , Gefeller Olaf , Sarkar Indra N. , Bergemann Dieter , Koch Sabine
Published: November 2016

From 2017 (volume 56) onwards the journal Methods of Information in Medicine will consist of two tracks. Authors can decide to submit their manuscript to either the subscription track that continues to publish its six print and electronic (non-open access) issues for journal subscribers, or the new Methods Open track that will consist of digitally published manuscripts (as gold open access). These two tracks will constitute from 2017 on the journal’s Tandem Model. Simultaneously, Methods will introduce a double-blinded review process and reviewer assessment by the submitting authors. Implications of these changes for both authors and reviewers are discussed. With these steps, Methods aims to improve the visibility of the journal and contribute to sharing research results as timely and as widely as possible and thereby to promote scientific progress.
3D printing of mineral–polymer bone substitutes based on sodium alginate and calcium phosphate
Authors: Egorov Aleksey A , Fedotov Alexander Yu , Mironov Anton V , Komlev Vladimir S , Popov Vladimir K , Zobkov Yury V
Published: November 2016

We demonstrate a relatively simple route for three-dimensional (3D) printing of complex-shaped biocompatible structures based on sodium alginate and calcium phosphate (CP) for bone tissue engineering. The fabrication of 3D composite structures was performed through the synthesis of inorganic particles within a biopolymer macromolecular network during 3D printing process. The formation of a new CP phase was studied through X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Both the phase composition and the diameter of the CP particles depend on the concentration of a liquid component (i.e., the “ink”). The 3D printed structures were fabricated and found to have large interconnected porous systems (mean diameter ≈800 μm) and were found to possess compressive strengths from 0.45 to 1.0 MPa. This new approach can be effectively applied for fabrication of biocompatible scaffolds for bone tissue engineering constructions.
VARIO, INDŽIO, SELENO SAULĖS MODULIŲ POVEIKIO APLINKAI VERTINIMAS
Authors: Danila Vaidotas , Vasarevičius Saulius
Published: November 2016

Normalios eksploatacijos metu vario, indžio, seleno (CIS) saulės moduliai nesukelia jokio neigiamo poveikio aplinkai. Tačiau šių modulių gamybos, instaliavimo ant stogo bei išmetimo metu sukeliama reikšminga tarša. Modulių poveikis aplinkai buvo vertinamas naudojant būvio ciklo metodą analizuojant gamybos, instaliavimo ant stogo ir šalinimo į sąvartyną etapus. Poveikio aplinkai gamybos ir instaliavimo ant stogo etapuose vertinimui atlikti buvo naudojama programa SimaPro 7.3. Rezultatai parodė, kad CIS saulės moduliai didžiausią neigiamą poveikį padaro žmonių sveikatai –16,5 Pt, mažiausią – ekosistemos kokybei – 1,4 Pt. Siekiant ištirti galimą poveikį aplinkai esant CIS modulių sudužimo atvejui jų eksploatacijos metu bei CIS modulių atliekų pavojingumą po jų eksploatavimo laiko pabaigos buvo atlikti eksperimentiniai tyrimai analizuojant 6 metalų – Na, Mg, Fe, Cd, Cu, Zn išsiplovimą. Iš analizuotų metalų buvo nustatyta, kad Na išsiplovimas iš CIS modulio atliekų buvo didžiausias. Lyginant tik sunkiuosius metalus buvo nustatyta, kad daugiausia išsiplovė Zn.
INFRASTRUCTURE AND COMMUNITY RESILIENCE METRICS: APPLICATION OF THE HOLISTIC METHOD WITHIN THE LATVIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Feofilovs Maksims , Romagnoli Francesco , Vaiškūnaitė Rasa
Published: November 2016

Enhancing and building resilient cities represent a contemporary approach on which scientists and policy makers
are strengthening cooperation; however, so far quantitative metrics and standards for measuring resilience are still open
issues. This must be aimed toward diminishing society’s vulnerability and reducing the likelihood of disasters (both manmade
and natural) and their possible effects. The evaluation of metrics within the crisis management should be able to provide
a useful tool and enable stakeholders to assess the effectiveness of resilience strategies and their added value is a key factor
for building resilient sound communities and infrastructures.

Several frameworks and models have been created and proposed to assess and evaluate the resilience of critical infrastructures
(CIs) as well as the evaluation of community resilience. Nevertheless, their application is limited to specific case studies,
thus showing lack of a robust link with the decision making dimensions. This study examines infrastructure and community
resilience to natural hazards in six regions of Latvia: Riga, around Riga region, Kurzeme, Vidzeme, Latgale and Zemgale.
The aim of this study is to create a Community disaster resilience index (CDRI) with the application of a holistic indicatorbased
model. Based on the literature-based research an initial total list of 86 indicators has been selected for a model representing
social, economic, physical, human and environment capital (or resources to be potentially mobilized) and linked by
their relevance to the main phases of the disaster resilience dynamics: mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery.
ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF URBAN SOILS IN CHERKASSY
Authors: Hovorun Anastasiia , Myslyuk Olga
Published: November 2016

The characteristics of the soil cover of the city Cherkassy and the sources of anthropogenic changes of its acidbase properties are presented. The results of the research of soils from different functional zones of the city Cherkassy showed that its reaction is mainly alkaline. The cartographic model of experimental data was made with the program SURFER showing acid-base regime characteristics of soils in different functional zones of the city. This mapping allowed to identify the following soils: fertile (рН = 6.5–7.0) and potentially fertile (рН = 7.0–7.5), hardly suitable (рН = 7.5–8.0), moderately (рН = 8.0–8.5) and highly (рН = 8.0–8.5) toxic. It is concluded that only 60% of urban soils can be identified as fertile or potentially fertile in terms of characteristics of acid-base regime. The results of the evaluation of acid-base regime of urban soilsare correlated with the results of the previous studies of pollution of snow cover in the areas of permanent emissions and the anionic composition of soils. The analysis of the cause-effect relationships in the impact of adverse environmental factors on urban landscapes showed that the formation of acid-base regime of soils is influenced both by the natural landscape, i.e. geochemical, and anthropogenic factors.
BUITINIŲ NUOTEKŲ IŠVALYMO TYRIMAS IR VERTINIMAS
Authors: Jacerytė Ieva , Mažeikienė Aušra
Published: November 2016

Tirtas mažų buitinių nuotekų valymo įrenginių (AT-6) darbas. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kokios teršalų koncentracijos
lieka išvalytose nuotekose. Atlikta veikliojo dumblo mikroskopinė analizė. Tyrimų laikotarpiu visuose tirtuose įrenginiuose
efektyviai (>95 %) iš nuotekų buvo šalinami SM bei BDS7 rodikliais apibūdinami teršalai. BDS7 rodiklis išvalytose
nuotekose neviršijo 17 mg O2/l ir buvo 2 kartus mažesnis už vidutinę metinę DLK mažosioms (iki 5 m3/d) nuotekų
valykloms. Tiriamieji įrenginiai užtikrino aplinkosauginiais norminiais dokumentais reikalaujamą valytų nuotekų kokybę.
Mikroskopinė veikliojo dumblo mėginių analizė patvirtino nuotekų valymo įrenginiuose rezultatus. Vieno įrenginio darbas
buvo sutrikęs dėl erlifto užsikimšimo, todėl tuo metu azoto junginiai nebuvo efektyviai šalinami iš nuotekų.
MEDIENOS KURO PELENŲ PANAUDOJIMO SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ ŠALINIMUI IŠ TIRPALŲ TYRIMAI
Authors: Libikaitė Ieva , Valskys Vaidotas , Ignatavičius Gytautas
Published: November 2016

Vis didėjant Europos Sąjungos įsipareigojimams aplinkosaugos srityje tiesine priklausomybe didėja ir medienos
kuro / biokuro naudojimas. Šio atsinaujinančio šaltinio naudojimo skatinimas vyksta dėl to, kad siekiama sumažinti iškastinio
kuro naudojimą, tačiau biokuras pasižymi ir neigiamomis savybėmis. Viena iš jų – dideli susidarantys pelenų kiekiai ir
mažai išvystytas jų tvarkymas / panaudojimas. Siekiant prisidėti prie šios problemos sprendimo, straipsnyje nagrinėjama
medienos kuro pelenų geba sorbuoti sunkiuosius metalus. Atlikus sorbcijos tyrimus sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos matuotos
sausame pelenų mėginyje naudojant Thermo Scientific Niton® XL2 serijos rentgeno spindulių fluorescencinį spektrometrą
(RFS). Taip pat sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos matuotos tirpale naudojant atominės absorbcijos spektrometrą AAnalyst200
(AAS). AAS tyrimus atliko atestuota UAB „Vilniaus vandenys“ geriamojo vandens laboratorija. Gauti pelenų
sorbcinės gebos tyrimų rezultatai analizuojami sudarant adsorbcinės gebos kreives bei metalo jonų pašalinimo efektyvumo
kreives. Taip pat lyginant rezultatus su pradine sunkiųjų metalų koncentracija pelenuose ir užsienio autorių naudotų sorbentų
sorbcinėmis savybėmis. Atlikus tyrimus gautas 97,6 % sorbento–pelenų pašalinimo efektyvumas sorbuojant šviną ir
99,2 % sorbuojant cinką. Tyrimų rezultatų paklaida patikrinta lyginant išmatuotą sorbento gebą su apskaičiuotąja. Švino
adsorbcinės gebos didžiausia paklaida siekia14,19 mg/kg, o cinko – 57,99 mg/kg.Atlikus išsamius sorbcijos tyrimus tiek
sausame mėginyje, tiek tirpale galima įvertinti pelenų, kaip biosorbento, efektyvumą ir gebą sorbuoti sunkiuosius metalus.
EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF MICROWAVE RADIATION OF MICROWAVE OVENS ON WATER AS A SUBSTRATUM FOR PLANT GROWTH
Authors: Mamienko Vadim , Chemerys Ingrida
Published: November 2016

To date, there is research carried out on the effects of electromagnetic radiation on living organisms, studies are
conducted on substratums that were subjected to microwave radiation. This radiation comes from a common household appliance;
however, the effect of this type of radiation on the vitality of organisms is poorly researched. The purpose of the
current analysis is to identify the morphological changes in vegetative organs of the test objects using microwave-irradiated
water as a substrate. The object of the study – the onion plant (Allium сера L.), which is perfect for objectifying environmental
risks. The results showed that using the water warmed up in a microwave increased the level of oppression in the
morphometric parameters. In particular, there was a clear trend of reduction of growth parameters of vegetative organs and
decrease in their mass (in the test group compared to the the main one the length of the root and shoot of a plant are less
than 20.5% and 27.5%, and the weight is 32.3% and 63.8% less, respectively). The correlation analysis showed that the
root length is the most reliable morphometric indicator that reacts sensitively to changes in water quality caused by microwave
irradiation (r = –0.9995).
ALYTAUS MIESTO TARŠOS ĮTAKOS NEMUNO VERTINIMAS UPĖS HIDROCHEMIJAI VERTINIMAS
Authors: Mankauskaitė Vilma , Šaulys Valentinas
Published: November 2016

Straipsnyje pateikiamas hidrocheminis Nemuno upės vertinimas 2006–2015 m. laikotarpiu. Analizuojami ir aptariami
hidrocheminių tyrimų duomenys (biocheminis deguonies suvartojimas, bendrasis azotas ir bendrasis fosforas), lyginama
upės būklės ekologinės klasės kaita. Tyrimais nustatyta, jog 70 % vidutinių metinių bendrojo azoto koncentracijų atitinka
labai gerą ekologinę upės būklę. Bandrojo fosforo kaitos linijinis trendas aukščiau ir žemiau Alytaus turi tendenciją
mažėti. Fosforo koncentracija aukščiau Alytaus kinta nuo 0,08 iki 0,14 mg/l, o žemiau Alytaus tarša fosforo junginiais
išauga ir koncentracija siekia nuo 0,09 iki 0,17 mg/l. Norint pagerinti Nemuno upės vandens kokybę reikia mažinti taršą
azoto ir fosforo junginiais ne tik iš Alytaus miesto, bet ir iš pramonės įmonių, gerinti bendrą Alytaus miesto vandentvarkos
infrastruktūrą.
UŽDARYTO SĄVARTYNO POVEIKIO PAVIRŠINIAMS VANDENIMS TYRIMAS
Authors: Pačekajūtė Martyna , Bazienė Kristina
Published: November 2016

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama šalia uždaryto buvusio pagrindinio Biržų rajono Ožkiniškio sąvartyno esančios upės Gavėnupio užterštumas sunkiaisiais metalais. Metodas paremtas sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos nustatymu liepsnos arba elektroterminės atomizacijos (grafitinė krosnelė) atominės absorbcinės spektroskopijos metodu. Pateikiami ir aptariami tyrimų duomenys, kurie gauti išanalizavus paimtus vandens mėginius trimis metų laikais: rudenį, žiemą ir pavasarį. Mėginiai imti iš 3 skirtingų vietų, po 3 kartus skirtingais metų laikais (Iš viso – 27 mėginiai). Pasirinkta 1,5 metrų ilgio upės atkarpa. Įvertinta uždaryto sąvartyno įtaka šalia esantiems paviršiniams vandenims. Pastebėta, jog Gavėnupio upėje gausu tokių sunkiųjų metalų, kaip varis, kadmis švinas. Nustatytos sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos, jos palygintos su ribinėmis vertėmis.
UŽTERŠTUMO SUNKIAISIAIS METALAIS VILNIOS UPĖS DUGNO NUOSĖDŲ TYRIMAI
Authors: Semionovaitė Goda , Ignatavičius Gytautas , Valentukevičienė Marina
Published: November 2016

Straipsnyje išnagrinėta Vilnios upės dugno nuosėdų tarša sunkiaisiais metalais. Tiriamasis objektas yra Vilniuje, Vilnios upėje, 7 kilometrų ruože. Nagrinėta sunkiųjų metalų koncentracija upės dugno nuosėdose. Tyrimai atlikti abiejuose upės krantuose, atsižvelgiant į šalia esančius taršos objektus. Nuosėdų tyrimui naudotas rentgeno fluorescencinis spektrometras. Gauti rezultatai apdoroti ir palyginti su didžiausiomis leistinomis sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijomis (DLK) Lietuvos upėse. Nustatomos ėmimo vietos užterštumo kategorijos (laipsniai) pagal Zd rodiklį (HN 60:2004) taip įvertinant didžiausias taršos susitelkimo vietas. Tirtajame Vilnios upės ruože, viename mėginių paėmimo taške, yra nustatytas didelis suminis rodiklis (Zd), kuris siekia 118, o tai sudaro apie 9 % visų tirtųjų mėginių paėmimo vietų Vilnios upės tirtajame ruože.
SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ KONCENTRACIJŲ TYRIMAI PAPRASTOSIOS EGLĖS (PICEA ABIES (L.) KARSTEN) SPYGLIUOSE
Authors: Sinkevič Rita , Oškinis Vytautas
Published: November 2016

Sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos Vilniaus miesto urbanizuotoje teritorijoje augančių paprastųjų eglių spygliuose
nustatytos 38-ose tyrimų vietose: miesto centre, pietuose, vakaruose, šiaurėje, rytuose. Rentgeno spindulių fluorescencinės
spektrometrijos metodu nustatytos 11 sunkiųjų metalų – As, Cu, Zn, Zr, Sr, Rb, Se, Fe, Mn, Ti, Sc – koncentracijos. Rytinėje
miesto dalyje nustatytos maksimalios Fe (445,18 μg·g–1), Zn (90,62 μg·g–1) ir Cu (27,9 μg·g–1) koncentracijos, miesto centre
– Sc (216,79 μg·g–1), As (3,38 μg·g–1) ir Zr (8,22 μg·g–1) koncentracijos, vakarinėje dalyje – Sr (83,24 μg·g–1) ir Ti (149,08
μg·g–1) koncentracijos. Kai kurių sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos palygintos su kitų autorių Europos miestuose gautais rezultatais.
Pateikiami Cu, Rb, Zn ir Sr koncentracijų pasiskirstymo Vilniaus mieste žemėlapiai.
KOMUNALINIŲ ATLIEKŲ DEGINIMO METU SUSIDARIUSIŲ DUGNO PELENŲ IŠPLOVIMO IR ELIUATO CHEMINĖS SUDĖTIES TYRIMAI
Authors: Skridaila Kęstutis , Zagorskis Alvydas
Published: November 2016

Šiuo metu didėjant atliekų kiekiams bei vystantis komunalinių atliekų deginimo technologijoms susidaro dideli
kiekiai dugno pelenų. Kiekviena šalis laikosi savo numatytų ir patvirtintų standartų atliekant išplovimo tyrimus ir nustatant
toksinių medžiagų ribą siekiant įvertinti sunkiųjų metalų ir netirpių druskų išsiplovimo iš dugno pelenų galimybes, kai jie
tiesiogiai kontaktuoja su sąvartyno paviršiumi, gruntu ar vandeniu.

Sunkiųjų metalų išplovimas priklauso nuo ekstarhavimo tirpiklio, pH ir taip pat skystos ir kietos medžiagos santykio. Šie išplovimo testai buvo atliekami laikantis LST EN 12457-2:2003 standartu su dugno pelenų mėginiais, kurie buvo stabilizuoti
ir deponuojami sąvartyne ir dugno pelenų mėginiais, kurie prieš tai buvo apdorojami ir ruošiami.

Atlikus šį išplovimo tyrimą buvo siekiama pagrįsti, ar dugno pelenai gali būti deponuojami nepavojingų atliekų sąvartyne ir
juose esančių pavojingų cheminių elementų koncentracijos nėra grėsmingos. Taip pat buvo siekiama įvertinti, kaip susidariusio
eliuato sudėtis skiriasi, priklausomai nuo to, ar dugno pelenai buvo apdoroti (paruošti galimam jų panaudojimui), ar
ne. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, jog sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos nėra didelės. Pastebimas tik dugno pelenų ėminyje B (II
ketvirčio) švino (Pb) koncentracijos padidėjimas – 4,605 mg/kg s. m. Tačiau ši koncentracija nesiekė reglamentuotos ribinės
vertės (RV) (50 mg/kg s. m.). Iš gautų rezultatų matyti, kad atlikus išplovimo tyrimą (L/S = 10) eliuate nustatytos kitos
tiriamųjų analičių koncentracijos irgi neviršijo RV pagal 1999/31/EB direktyvą.
POTENCIALIAI TOKSIŠKŲ ELEMENTŲ IŠSIPLOVIMO CHARAKTERISTIKOS IŠ BIOANGLIES, PARUOŠTOS IŠ NEVIENODOMIS CHARAKTERISTIKOMIS PASIŽYMINČIŲ DUMBLO RŪŠIŲ
Authors: Usevičiūtė Luiza , Baltrėnaitė Edita
Published: November 2016

Potencialiai toksiški elementai (PTE), esantys bioanglyje, yra pagrindinis veiksnys, ribojantis pramonės ir komunalinių nuotekų dumblo panaudojimą bioanglies gamybai. Pirolizė laikoma perspektyviu nuotekų dumblo apdorojimo metodu PTE imobilizacijai, o tai lemia reikšmingą PTE išplovimo potencialo ir bioprieinamos frakcijos sumažėjimą iš bioanglies lyginant su bendra PTE koncentracija bioanglyje. Bioanglies išplovimo charakteristikos tiriamos atliekant PTE išplovimo procedūrų eksperimentus. Keli iš parametrų, veikiančių PTE išsiplovimą iš bioanglies, yra pirolizės temperatūra, nuotekų dumblo sudėtis, poringumas, pH ir PTE lakumas. Tikslas – palyginti nevienodomis charakteristikomis pasižyminčių nuotekų dumblo rūšių bioanglies savybes priklausomai nuo pirolizės temperatūros ir PTE išsiplovimo potencialą.
Art-thérapie relationnelle dans le cas d’une dépression
Authors: Al-Husseini Leila
Published: November 2016

Roberto est en thérapie chez moi depuis trois ans. Il souffre d’une angoisse paralysante, que j’évoque dans cet exposé avec les transformations du comportement de Roberto et l’évolution de ses moyens d’expression. Par petites séquences, j’évoquerai – à partir du travail thérapeutique – l’évolution de ses peintures, de ses collages, de son écriture, de la perception de ses rêves, de son expérience théâtrale et de son comportement en général.
Introduction d’une psychothérapie relationnelle dans un cas clinique de dermatologie
Authors: Bertolus Sylviane
Published: November 2016

Notre présentation de ce cas clinique est centrée sur la démarche active, pédagogique du médecin psychosomaticien lors d’une thérapie en dermatologie. Une jolie jeune femme présente une acné excoriée. Elle provoque des lésions par auto-manipulation répétitives. Nous comprenons que ces troubles obsessionnels compulsifs TOC constituent un véritable mécanisme pour refouler ses affects. Son premier rêve met en scène une agression témoignant d’une impasse qui est liée à une angoisse de parler d’elle au thérapeute.
Macroalgal diversity of Santa Cesarea-Castro (Salento Peninsula, southeastern Italy)
Authors: Bottalico Antonella , Alongi Giuseppina , Perrone Cesira
Published: November 2016

The benthic macroalgal flora from the eastern Ionian coastal area of the Peninsula Salentina is scarcely studied. This study gives a contribution to the knowledge on its biodiversity in this area, which also includes marine caves, and the geographical distribution of some interesting species. A total of 174 macroalgae (119 Rhodophyta, 27 Ochrophyta, and 28 Chlorophyta) were identified. Six species are first records for the region, one of which, Liagora ceranoides, represents a new record for the Italian flora. The vegetation of most of the wave-exposed rocky substrata, as well as of the two sulphureous caves at Santa Cesarea Terme is characterised by extensive populations of Corallinales. The chorological spectrum of the flora shows a high occurrence of Indo-Pacific and Circumtropical elements, thus resulting more similar to that of floras of the Greek Ionian Sea.
Las espadas de hierro de la necrópolis de Son Pellisser; avance preliminar
Authors: Fernández Mártinez Agustín , Alvarez Jurado-Figueroa Mercedes
Published: November 2016

Este trabajo presenta las espadas de hierro procedentes de la necrópolis de Son Pellisser (Calviá–Mallorca). Aunque el número de materiales recuperados es elevado y continúan en fase de estudio ofrecemos un avance preliminar sobre tres espadas de importación, localizadas entre los ajuares, así como su posible origen y vía de introducción en la isla. Estas armas constituirían la primera evidencia arqueológica de la participación de mercenarios baleáricos en las Guerras de Sicilia, entre cartagineses y griegos, desde el siglo V a. n. e.
Lanzas largas y tácticas de los Germanos occidentales en el siglo I D. C. (según la descripción de Tácito)
Authors: Nefedkin Alexander K.
Published: November 2016

En la formación de batalla los guerreros germánicos con largas lanzas y grandes escudos se colocaban en la vanguardia. El tamaño de estos escudos daba una buena protección contra las armas enemigas y por lo tanto las armaduras no eran muy necesarias para estos guerreros. Por otro lado, la ausencia de armadura potenciaba el desarrollo de una buena cobertura con el escudo de gran tamaño. Detrás de los portadores de los escudos se colocaban un gran número de guerreros armados con armas arrojadizas (lanzas y jabalinas). Durante el combate cuerpo a cuerpo los portadores de escudos protegían a éstos de los ataques enemigos. Extendían sus largas lanzas y no permitían la aproximación. Los escudos de gran tamaño los protegían bien, no solo a los que llevaban escudos también al segundo cuerpo que portaban las armas arrojadizas. Esta táctica básica de los germanos en combate nos da la clave para entender la interacción entre los lanzadores y los guerreros armados con largas lanzas y escudos.
Una posible espada de periodo romano de Grzybowo (Grzybowen), Masuria, NE. de Polonia. Contexto arqueológico y tecnológico
Authors: Żabiński Grzegorz , Rzeszotarska-Nowakiewicz Aleksandra , Nowakiewicz Tomasz , Kontny Bartosz , Kucypera Paweł
Published: November 2016

En este trabajo se analiza el fragmento de una espada con posible sello de Masuria hallada en el NE de Polonia. Fue encontrada cerca de una necrópolis romana de la Cultura Bogaczewo. Tipológicamente es una espada romana. Sin embargo, los resultados de los análisis metalográficos sugieren que fue fabricada o bien con un limpio hierro forjado (o hipotéticamente con hierro fundido) o con acero preindustrial (Bessemer, Thomas, Siemens-Martin, etc.). Por otro lado, la composición química de la misma implicaría el empleo de acero pre-industrial. Para concluir, se sugiere, con cautela, que la espada puede ser una espada antigua, pero esta conclusión solo puede verificarse si aparecen hallazgos similares del periodo romano.
Conservatorio de Berlín
Authors: Baumgarten Paul
Published: November 2016

La necesidad, la urgente necesidad que tenía la capital alemana —después de la guerra— de una sala de conciertos digna, era tan apremiante, que empezaron los ensayos en la nueva cuando todavía no se habían acabado las obras, y como tal fue inscrita mucho tiempo antes de ser abierta al público. Por esta razón apenas hubo lugar a introducir reformas, ni siquiera a realizar algunas pruebas.
Auditorium: Orange Coast College, California
Authors: Neutra Richard J. , Alexander Robert
Published: November 2016

El Auditorium es un local especialmente diseñado para representaciones habladas y cantadas o para espectáculos musicales; pero, como su nombre indica, lo verdaderamente importante allí es escuchar, poniendo a contribución la colaboración estereognóstica de todos los sentidos, para conseguir una perfección máxima en la percepción total de la acción.
Cine teatro Maestoso, Roma
Authors: Morandi Ricardo
Published: November 2016

En un barrio de densa población y en la Via Appia Nuova, se levanta un tanto macizo y compacto este edificio, destinado a un triple fin: almacén, cine-teatro y viviendas. Dadas sus dimensiones, las tres funciones son de gran volumen: 3.000 m2 de almacén, 2.800 asientos del cine y 100 apartamentos.
Centro Cultural San Martín, Buenos Aires
Authors: Álvarez Mario Roberto , Ruiz Macedonio Óscar
Published: November 2016

La municipalidad de Buenos Aires resuelve, con la erección de este importante edificio, un impostergable problema de orden artístico y cultural, común a las grandes ciudades de América, creado por desarrollo intelectual de las misas, pese a la falta de locales adecuados para sus manifestaciones.
Teatro al aire libre
Authors: Canac Philippe
Published: November 2016

Siendo cada vez más frecuentes y numerosas las peregrinaciones a la basílica de Notre Dame, de Laus (Altos Alpes), su capacidad resultaba hace tiempo insuficiente para acoger a sus peregrinos. Este fue el motivo de crear, en un terreno situado ante el atrio de la basílica, un conjunto, que permitiese celebrar misas al aire libre, ceremonias litúrgicas o representaciones de teatro religioso y que dispusiese de todas las posibilidades para conseguir la libertad del juego escénico.
Salto de Volturno
Authors: Cocchia Carlo , Sambito Giuseppe
Published: November 2016

De los tres aprovechamientos hidroeléctricos correspondientes ala cuenca del rio Volturno (Italia), el denominado n.°2 presenta dos características notables: La primera es la de derivar las aguas del rio, llevarlas con una tubería en carga a la proximidad de un pozo, descendiendo vertical y paralelamente a éste hasta llegar a la turbina instalada en el fondo del mismo, desaguando en galería y, finalmente, restituyendo en el rio. La segunda es la casa central, que cubre el pozo y que constituye en sí un ensayo de tipo arquitectónico.
La presa de San Martín y los saltos de Montefurado y Sequeiros
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: November 2016

En el número 89 de esta revista se describieron las obras de la presa de San Esteban; en el 91, las correspondientes al río Navea, afluente del Sil, y en éste, dos de los saltos que la Empresa Saltos del Sil, S. A., viene realizando en la cuenca del Sil y sus afluentes. La presa de derivación de San Martín es también objeto de descripción.
A importância do recurso hídrico para os indígenas de uma aldeia da região central do Brasil
Authors: Cristaldo da Silva Andrew Vinícius , Mantovano Tatiane , Bomfim Francieli de Fátima
Published: November 2016

Estudos relacionados à etnografia tem como base discutir o conhecimento que determinada população tem em relação ao ambiente natural onde vive, e sua correlação com os diversos tipos de cultura. Diante disso, o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a importância da água para os indígenas da Aldeia Limão Verde, compreendendo e comparando, o uso do córrego João Dias como um importante recurso hídrico, no passado e nos dias de hoje. Para tanto, foi aplicado um questionário contendo 18 perguntas, as quais foram respondidas por 100 moradores indígenas de diversas idades, pensamentos, níveis escolares e ainda, de diferentes percepções do lugar onde vivem. Ao analisar os dados obtidos, verificou-se que a cultura do homem “branco” invadiu a cultura dos indígenas, tornando-os alienados. Antigos indígenas ainda tentam valorizar sua cultura e tradições em relação ao respeito ao meio ambiente, como o córrego João Dias, em contrapartida os índios mais jovens não estão adquirindo essa cultura. Os indígenas utilizam o córrego João Dias para irrigação, banho, ritos espirituais e para contar lendas a qual o envolve, mas, acredita-se que tais relações poderão ser reduzidas ou até mesmo extintas com o passar dos tempos, uma vez que nos jovens a relação água-indígena não é prioridade, sendo substituída aos poucos por outros interesses mais afeitos as culturas urbanas. Sendo assim, verifica-se a necessidade da implantação de programas de valorização da cultura indígena dentro da própria aldeia, realizando práticas que permeiem a educação formal e informal, sensibilizando e fortalecendo a relação homem-natureza, principalmente direcionada à parcela mais jovem.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE MODELOS DIDÁTICOS PARA O ENSINO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO EMBRIONÁRIO HUMANO
Authors: Oliveira Andressa Antônio de
Published: November 2016

A compreensão das diferentes fases embrionárias é dificultada, em geral por falta de modelos tridimensionais que representem as várias fases da evolução ontogênica intra-uterina, principalmente em mamíferos. O alto custo dos modelos, que é um excelente recurso didático, dificulta a sua aquisição, tornando-os de difícil acesso na maioria das escolas. Assim objetivou-se a construção de modelos de baixo custo para o ensino da Embriologia. Para tal, foi utilizada a manipulação da massa de biscuit para a construção dos modelos. Foram desenvolvidos doze modelos como material didático de apoio para a disciplina de Embriologia.
QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE ÍONS FLUOR EM ÁGUAS ENGARRAFADAS E COMERCIALIZADAS NO OESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Bianchi Fabio José
Published: November 2016

O programa de fluoretação das águas nos municípios brasileiros tem apresentado um crescimento, abrangendo hoje quase todas as regiões do país. O conhecimento da concentração de flúor utilizada fornecerá uma maior segurança para a população, pois é conhecido que flúor em excesso pode causar  fluorose, comprometendo, assim, a estética. A substituição da água pública por água mineral para ingestão diária tem sido observada como uma tendência comum entre os consumidores em vários países. Através deste trabalho foi realizada a quantificação de flúor nas águas engarrafadas do Oeste do Paraná. Foram coletadas amostras de águas comercializadas em supermercados da cidade de Cascavel e região de várias marcas e lotes. A concentração de flúor foi determinada usando o potenciômetro ORION EA940 com eletrodo específico para flúor, utilizando-se assim o eletrodo íon sensível, após tamponamento com TISAB II pH 5,0 (20 g de NaOH/L). Os resultados mostram que uma das marcas apresenta uma grande diferença entre o nível do íon fluoreto encontrado e o informado pelo fabricante (diferença de 7 vezes). Nenhuma das amostras ultrapassou o limite máximo em que as propriedades do íon deixam de ser benéficas e trazem malefícios para o organismo. Com base nos resultados, concluiu-se que a concentração de flúor contida nas águas engarrafadas e comercializadas na região Oeste do estado do Paraná é insuficiente para fazer o papel de prevenção da cárie. E, além disso, nem sempre a concentração de íons flúor informado pelo fabricante é confiável.