bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One Year Evaluation of Material Properties Changes of Polylactide Parts in Various Hydrolytic Degradation Conditions
Authors: Andrzejewska Angela
Published: September 2019

Biodegradable biocompatible materials are widely used in medical applications. Determining the possibility of using biodegradable materials depends on determining the changes in their parameters over time due to degradation. The current scientific research on biodegradable materials has presented results based on research methods characterized by the different geometry and cross-section size of the specimen, type of degradation medium, or different pH value of the medium or maximum degradation time. This paper presents the results of a one-year study on the influence of the type of degradation medium on the changes in mechanical behavior and the uptake of the degradation medium by biodegradable specimens with large cross-sections. In addition, a prototype of a test stand was created, which allowed for the specimens to be stored vertically to ensure regular medium exposure and eliminate the interaction of the surface of the tested specimens with the sides of the container. The obtained results allowed the statistical significance of differences in the mechanical parameters determined in the uniaxial tensile test after 2, 4, 6, 12, 26, 39, and 52 weeks of degradation to be indicated depending on the type of degradation medium. It was proven that the changes in mechanical behavior depend on the percentage change in the mass of the specimens during degradation. The percentage change in mass depends on the type of degradation medium. Based on the results of this research, it was noted that in long-term degradation above 12 weeks, buffered sodium chloride solution is the optimal choice for the degradation medium. However, distilled water or physiological saline solution can be used as an alternative during the degradation period for up to 12 weeks.
Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Spectroscopic Characterization of Bis-aldehyde Monomers and Their Electrically Conductive Pristine Polyazomethines
Authors: Hafeez Abdul , Akhter Zareen , Gallagher John F. , Khan Nawazish Ali , Gul Asghari , Shah Faiz Ullah
Published: September 2019

Bis-aldehyde monomers 4-(4′-formyl-phenoxy)benzaldehyde (3a), 3-methoxy-4-(4′-formyl-phenoxy)benzaldehyde (3b), and 3-ethoxy-4-(4′-formyl-phenoxy)benzaldehyde (3c) were synthesized by etherification of 4-fluorobenzaldehyde (1) with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2a), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2b), and 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2c), respectively. Each monomer was polymerized with p-phenylenediamine and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether to yield six poly(azomethine)s. Single crystal X-ray diffraction structures of 3b and 3c were determined. The structural characterization of the monomers and poly(azomethine)s was performed by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. Physicochemical properties of polymers were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), viscometry, UV–vis, spectroscopy and photoluminescence. These polymers were subjected to electrical conductivity measurements by the four-probe method, and their conductivities were found to be in the range 4.0 × 10−5 to 6.4 × 10−5 Scm−1, which was significantly higher than the values reported so far.
Mathematical Integration of Remotely-Sensed Information into a Crop Modelling Process for Mapping Crop Productivity
Authors: Nguyen Van Cuong , Jeong Seungtaek , Ko Jonghan , Ng Chi Tim , Yeom Jongmin
Published: September 2019

Remote sensing is a useful technique to determine spatial variations in crop growth while crop modelling can reproduce temporal changes in crop growth. In this study, we formulated a hybrid system of remote sensing and crop modelling based on a random-effect model and the empirical Bayesian approach for parameter estimation. Moreover, the relationship between the reflectance and the leaf area index was incorporated into the statistical model. Plant growth and ground-based canopy reflectance data of paddy rice were measured at three study sites in South Korea. Spatiotemporal vegetation indices were processed using remotely-sensed data from the RapidEye satellite and the Communication Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS). Solar insulation data were obtained from the Meteorological Imager (MI) sensor of the COMS. Reanalysis of air temperature data was collected from the Korea Local Analysis and Prediction System (KLAPS). We report on a statistical hybrid approach of crop modelling and remote sensing and a method to project spatiotemporal crop growth information. Our study results show that the crop growth values predicted using the hybrid scheme were in statistically acceptable agreement with the corresponding measurements. Simulated yields were not significantly different from the measured yields at p = 0.883 in calibration and p = 0.839 in validation, according to two-sample t tests. In a geospatial simulation of yield, no significant difference was found between the simulated and observed mean value at p = 0.392 based on a two-sample t test as well. The fabricated approach allows us to monitor crop growth information and estimate crop-modelling processes using remote sensing data from various platforms and optical sensors with different ground resolutions.
How Does Scale Effect Influence Spring Vegetation Phenology Estimated from Satellite-Derived Vegetation Indexes?
Authors: Liu Licong , Cao Ruyin , Shen Miaogen , Chen Jin , Wang Jianmin , Zhang Xiaoyang
Published: September 2019

As an important land-surface parameter, vegetation phenology has been estimated from observations by various satellite-borne sensors with substantially different spatial resolutions, ranging from tens of meters to several kilometers. The inconsistency of satellite-derived phenological metrics (e.g., green-up date, GUD, also known as the land-surface spring phenology) among different spatial resolutions, which is referred to as the “scale effect” on GUD, has been recognized in previous studies, but it still needs further efforts to explore the cause of the scale effect on GUD and to quantify the scale effect mechanistically. To address these issues, we performed mathematical analyses and designed up-scaling experiments. We found that the scale effect on GUD is not only related to the heterogeneity of GUD among fine pixels within a coarse pixel, but it is also greatly affected by the covariation between the GUD and vegetation growth speed of fine pixels. GUD of a coarse pixel tends to be closer to that of fine pixels with earlier green-up and higher vegetation growth speed. Therefore, GUD of the coarse pixel is earlier than the average of GUD of fine pixels, if the growth speed is a constant. However, GUD of the coarse pixel could be later than the average from fine pixels, depending on the proportion of fine pixels with later GUD and higher growth speed. Based on those mechanisms, we proposed a model that accounted for the effects of heterogeneity of GUD and its co-variation with growth speed, which explained about 60% of the scale effect, suggesting that the model can help convert GUD estimated at different spatial scales. Our study provides new mechanistic explanations of the scale effect on GUD.
Impact of the Lipopolysaccharide Chemotype of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium on Virulence in Gnotobiotic Piglets
Authors: Splichalova Alla , Splichalova Zdislava , Karasova Daniela , Rychlik Ivan , Trevisi Paolo , Sinkora Marek , Splichal Igor
Published: September 2019

Salmonella Typhimurium is an enteric pathogen that causes acute and chronic infections in humans and animals. One-week-old germ-free piglets were orally colonized/infected with the Salmonella Typhimurium LT2 strain or its isogenic rough ΔrfaL, ΔrfaG or ΔrfaC mutants with exactly defined lipopolysaccharide (LPS) defects. After 24 h, the piglets were euthanized and the colonization of the small intestine, translocations into the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lungs, and bacteremia, along with changes in the ileum histology, and transcription levels of the tight junction proteins claudin-1, claudin-2, and occludin were all assessed. Additionally, transcription levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the terminal ileum, and their local and systemic protein levels were evaluated. Wild-type Salmonella Typhimurium showed the highest translocation, histopathological changes, upregulation of claudins and downregulation of occludin, transcription of the cytokines, intestinal IL-8 and TNF-α levels, and systemic TNF-α and IL-10 levels. Depending on the extent of the incompleteness of the LPS, the levels of the respective elements decreased, or no changes were observed at all in the piglets colonized/infected with Δrfa mutants. Intestinal IL-10 and systemic IL-8 levels were not detected in any piglet groups. This study provided foundational data on the gnotobiotic piglet response to colonization/infection with the exactly defined rough Salmonella Typhimurium LT2 isogenic mutants.
Práticas de linguagem na formação dos professores de língua portuguesa
Authors: Rezende Garcia-Reis Andreia
Published: September 2019

O presente artigo relata resultados de uma pesquisa documental cujo objetivo é o de investigar se a formação de professores de Língua Portuguesa, oferecida no curso de Letras da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora e descrita no Projeto Pedagógico do curso, está coerente com as demandas de ensino dessa disciplina e com os documentos legais que regulamentam essa formação. A partir de pressupostos sociointeracionistas (BRONCKART, 2006, 2015; MACHADO, 2009), dos estudos da escola brasileira do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (DOLZ, 2009; PEREIRA, MEDRADO e REICHMANN, 2015) e da problematização sobre resultados de pesquisa referentes à formação docente no Brasil (OLIVEIRA, 2006; GATTI, 2009; GATTI e NUNES, 2010), defendemos que a formação inicial do professor de Língua Portuguesa se constitua numa perspectiva textual e discursiva, por meio de experiências de leitura, escrita e aprendizagem sobre a língua e a linguagem. Embora o Projeto Pedagógico do curso de Letras/UFJF proponha como objetivos a formação de um profissional capaz de utilizar a língua em diferentes contextos e a formação de profissionais aptos à realização da transposição didática dos conteúdos, ele apresenta fragilidades quanto a esses dois aspectos, sobretudo na investigação das ementas, programas e referências das disciplinas.
O paradigma proposto por maus
Authors: Martins Pereira Ânderson , Avila Neto de Farias Ariane
Published: September 2019

O presente artigo busca discutir os processos que envolvem o “lembrar” e “esquecer” representados na obra Maus: a história de um sobrevivente(2009). Dessa maneira, a partir da ficcionalização que se dá na margem entre literatura e história, questiona-se tais processos como perpassados pela contemporaneidade.Este estudo justifica-se por contribuir com os estudos acerca das fronteiras entre história e literatura e, por conseguinte, do real e do ficcional.
O entrelugar na poesiade Paula Tavares
Authors: Breder Kremsper Ciomara
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é entender como se dá o processo de construção do entrelugar na poesia da angolana Paula Tavares. É observado que esse discurso poético é marca de hibridismo, que se efetiva como uma tradução cultural e é instrumento de formação de identidade(s) própria(s) e nacional (is). É visto ainda que essa poesia se consagra como lócus privilegiado da enunciação feminina. Para embasar este estudo adotam-se os pensamentos de alguns teóricos, como Stuart Hall(2003; 2004; 2013); Homi K. Bhabha(2003; 2011); LynnMario T. M. de Souza(2004) e outros.
Novos desafios das políticas públicas para as artes e culturas contemporâneas
Authors: Guerra Paula , Parracho Sant’Anna Sabrina
Published: September 2019

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Ikoma Nominal Tone
Authors: Aunio Lotta
Published: September 2019

Ikoma is a Lacustrine Bantu language spoken in the Serengeti District, Mara

Region (Western Tanzania), and classified a E(J) 45 in the updated Guthrie’s list.

Ikoma has both lexical and grammatical tone, but lexical tonal contrasts are found

only in nominal constructions. These constructions and the relevant tonal rules are

discussed in this article, and it will be shown that the tone system of Ikoma nouns is more complex than the typical reduced tonal systems of other Lacustrine Bantu

languages.
Bantu substratum interference in Mozambican Portuguese speech varieties
Authors: Ashby Simone , Barbosa Sílvia
Published: September 2019

Bantu phonological constraints exert varying types of interference in the varieties of Portuguese spoken in Mozambique. While many of these processes – e. g. voicing dissimilation, consonant sequence simplification, and denasalization – are relatively well known among linguists specialized in the study of Mozambican Portuguese dialects, they have received only passing mention in the literature. Moreover, it is unclear from the available data how Bantu substratum influences characterize the Portuguese of L1 speakers and those who acquired the language at a very young age. The present work is based on the analysis of phonetic data from five native Portuguese speaking informants (three L1 speakers and two L2 speakers) from various locations in Mozambique, and whose language backgrounds represent Changana, Chope, GiTonga, Makhuwa, and Nyungwe. Evidence is presented showing the effects of local Bantu phonologies on informants’s spoken Portuguese varieties for the aforementioned phenomena, plus additional processes that correspond with the literature on Bantu linguistics, such as devoiced aspirated word-final consonants, ‘ whistled’ fricatives, and homorganic nasal epenthesis. We conclude that investigations of substratum phonetic and phonological interference are important for the long-term monitoring of a contact situation, and help to elucidate the principles governing how segments are realized in indigenizing languages.
Bantu do/say polysemy and the origins of a quotative in Shangaci
Authors: Devos Maud , Bostoen Koen A. G.
Published: September 2019

L’article décrit la variabilité fonctionnelle du verbe -ira en shangaci et tente d’en définir le sémantisme lexical. Synchroniquement, le verbe -ira doit plutôt être considéré comme un «verbe quotatif » , mais l’étude comparative montre qu’à l’origine il s’agissait d’un verbe d’action générique. L’hypothèse avancée est que son usage fréquent dans le discours rapporté peut mener à une polysémie faire/ dire

et même le transformer en un verbe déclaratif générique.
Le système aspecto-temporel du moore
Authors: Bertinetto Pier Marco , Pacmogda Talatou Clémentine
Published: September 2019

This article presents the structure of the tense-aspect system of Moore (Gur, Niger Congo), a language spoken in Burkina Faso by nearly half of the population, for the purpose of framing it from a typological viewpoint. Section 2 describes the basic structure of the system : morpheme order and principal components, with the fundamental dichotomy between regular and irregular verbs (traditionally referred to as verbs of ‘ action’/‘ state’). Section 3 discusses mood and modality, and provides essential information on several constituent details of Moore morphosyntax, such as the – la assertive marker and its allomorphs (or the contexts for its omission) and the expletive – me. Section 4 provides a list of the main aspectual and temporal predicates, that is, independent particles that express notions of time or aspect (excluding predicates that, from an interlinguistic point, may express information of an adverbial nature). Sections 5 and 6 describe the articulation of an aspect (perfective/ imperfective) and temporal reference. Finally, section 7 situates the aspectual and temporal system of Moore in a general typological context.
Melodic tones in Karanga Shona
Authors: Odden David Arnold
Published: September 2019

Le système mélodique du shona karanga peut, pour une grande partie, se réduire à l’ajout d’un ton H à l’extrémité gauche ou droite du thème, selon le ton lexical. L’interaction entre le H mélodique et la propagation vers la droite est très complexe, et donne lieu à des schèmes de surface différant légèrement selon la catégorie flexionnelle. Le choix du schème mélodique est presque entièrement prévisible à partir des propriétés morphosyntaxiques générales du mot.
L’impersonnalité dans les langues de la région sénégambienne
Authors: Creissels Denis , Bao Diop Sokhna , Bassene Alain-Christian , Cissé Mame Thierno , Cobbinah Alexander , Dieye El Hadji , Ndao Dame , Nouguier Voisin Sylvie , Quint Nicolas , Renaudier Marie , Sall Adjaratou Oumar , Segerer Guillaume
Published: September 2019

La plupart des descriptions de langues ouest-africaines ne soulèvent pas la question de la reconnaissance de constructions impersonnelles, au sens de constructions prédicatives qui posent problème pour la reconnaissance d’un sujet canonique. Cet article montre que des phénomènes syntaxiques largement comparables à ceux pour lesquels cette notion est couramment utilisée se rencontrent aussi en Afrique de l’Ouest, notamment dans les langues de la région Sénégambienne (Sénégal, Cap-Vert, Gambie, Guinée Bissau). Cinq domaines fonctionnels dans lesquels l’absence de sujet canonique est dans les langues du monde un phénomène courant sont successivement passés en revue : (1) phrases décrivant des phénomènes météorologiques, (2) phrases se caractérisant par le caractère indéfini ou générique de l’argument qui pourrait être pris comme sujet, (3) phrases se caractérisant par le caractère non topical de l’argument qui pourrait être pris comme sujet, (4) phrases se caractérisant par le faible degré d’animéité de l’argument qui pourrait être pris comme sujet, (5) phrases se caractérisant par le faible degré d’agentivité de l’argument qui pourrait être pris comme sujet.
Aperçu sur la cicatrisation de fractures dans un cristal
Authors: Vacher André
Published: September 2019

A la lueur des travaux de Deicha (1955) et Rœdder (1967) relatifs à la cicatrisation des fractures, nous avons recherché dans divers minéraux une illustration de ce processus.

Cette courte note repose finalement sur l'observation de fragments de topaze provenant du Minas Geraes (Brésil). Toutes les étapes intermédiaires entre les fractures ouvertes et les inclusions en cristaux négatifs sont visibles.

Nous avons, en outre, noté de nombreux exemples d'évolution par étranglement des canalicules inter-inclusions.
Détermination expérimentale de la pression et de la température de formation d'un filon quartzeux wolframifère. Approche théorique
Authors: Amossé Jean
Published: September 2019

La mesure des températures d'homogénéisation des inclusions fluides du quartz est utilisée pour la détermination du profil de température le long d'un filon quartzeux wolframifère de Borralha (Portugal) . La pression de formation est obtenue en mesurant tout d'abord la variation Δl/l de la maille de la wolframite après recuit à haute température et relâchement des contraintes mécaniques dues à la pression. Après mesure du coefficient de compressibilité du minéral, l'application de l'équation d'état des solides donne la valeur recherchée. Les températures de formation obtenues sont utilisées comme conditions aux limites pour intégrer l'équation du transfert thermique. Les conditions initiales étant fournies par une hypothèse de remplissage de la faille filonienne, le bon accord entre l'équation obtenue et les résultats expérimentaux justifie « a posteriori » les hypothèses avancées.
Préparation et structure cristalline d'un chromate bichromate de fer Fe2 (CrO4)2 Cr2O7, 4H2O
Authors: Gérault Yves , Bonnin André
Published: September 2019

L'étude du ternaire Fe₂O₃, CrO₃, H₂O à 50° C met en évidence un nouveau composé auquel la formule Fe₂ (CrO₄)₂ Cr₂O₇, 4H₂O n'a été attribuée définitivement qu'après la détermination de la structure. Ce chromate bichromate de fer existe sous deux variétés allotropiques α et ß qui cristallisent respectivement dans les systèmes monoclinique, groupe spatial P2/n, et orthorhombique, groupe Cmc2₁ ou Cmcm. La structure de α a été déterminée à l'aide de fonctions de Patterson et de densité électronique. Les intensités ont été recueillies par un diffractomètre automatique CAD ₄. Cette structure est caractérisée par la présence simultanée de groupements CrO₄⁻ et Cr₂O₇⁻ qui relient des octaèdres [FeO₆], dont deux oxygènes appartiennent à des molécules d'eau, formant ainsi des feuillets ondulés parallèles au plan (a, c). Les liaisons par pont hydrogène assurent la cohésion de la structure.
Sur les propriétés optiques du tellure dans le spectre visible
Authors: Cervelle Bernard , Lévy Claude
Published: September 2019

Spectral dispersion curves of reflectances in air and in oil are given for the synthetic tellurium. From 420 to 800 nm, the reflectance in air varies from 70 % to 62 % (extraordinary ray Re), and from 60 % to 53 % (R₀). A large difference between values of R₀ measured on two different faces (10.0) and (00.1) allowed to suppose either a modifiation of the surface state or an effect of the rotatory power (?). The calculation of the optical constants, from reflectance values against two immersion media, leads to very unreliable values. Vickers microhardness numbers, measured on the face (00. 1) for 5 and 25 g loads, are respectively 68 and 117. The very big deformation of indentations made on the face (10.0) shows that this face is much more fragile than the basal face.
Contribution à l'étude des échanges d'ions dans les gels silicatés. Comportement des éléments alcalino-terreux et de quelques éléments de transition, Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+
Authors: Perruchot Alain
Published: September 2019

On étudie les réactions d'échange d'ions entre gels silicatés de composition (SiO₂) (A,B) O rH₂O et solution aqueuse, mettant en jeu des couples d'éléments divalents appartenant au groupe des alcalino-terreux (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) et à la première période des éléments de transition (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn). Ces réactions d'échange peuvent être, en première approximation, décrites par un modèle de solution idéale. On établit une échelle d'affinité des divers éléments pour les gels (ou les solutions). Les éléments étudiés peuvent être ainsi classés par ordre d'affinité croissante pour les gels : Sr < Ba < Ca < Mg < Mn < Ni < Co < Fe < Zn < Cu. Les coefficients de distribution D(A,B) = (A/B)[gel]/(A/B)[solution] (où (A/B)[gel] et (A/B)[solution] sont des rapports en nombre d'atomes) s'écartent notablement de l'unité (log D(Cu,Mg) = 4,82, log D(Sr,Mg) = — 2,81,) conduisant à des fractionnements très importants entre gels et solutions. On montre que log D(A,B) peut s'exprimer comme la différence de deux termes Γ'(A) et Γ'(B) caractéristiques de chaque élément, et que l'on peut estimer à partir des enthalpies libres standard des oxydes et des ions. Les coefficients de distribution dépendent de la teneur en silice des gels ; la sélectivité diminue lorsque la teneur en silice augmente. La température (jusqu'à 80° C) est sans effet sur les coefficients de distribution. Le comportement très différent des éléments alcalino-terreux, qui se concentrent en solution, et des éléments de transition, qui se concentrent dans les gels, présente un intérêt géochimique. Ces réactions pourraient jouer un rôle important dans la formation des gîtes d'éléments de transitions.
Thermal decomposition of the villamaninite, CuNiCoFe (SeS)2
Authors: La Iglesia Angel , Caballero Manuel Antonio
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the thermal decomposition of villamaninite, a mineral of the pyrite group, has been studied.

DTA and TG performed in still air and flowing N₂ atmospheric pressure, coupled with high temperature X-Ray diffraction and chemical analysis, indicate the formation of α-NiS and carrollite (CuCo₂S₄) at around 400° C, together with some nickel and cobalt sulphates. At a later stage of the decomposition, about 600° C, copper sulphate is formed. The final products after heating up to 900° C are CuO and NiO.
Ab-sens
Authors: Koren Daniel
Published: September 2019

Ab-sense

This text treats some aspects of the issue of “sense” within the perspective of psychoanalytical practice. The text focuses particularly on the impossibility of determining an ultimate sense ; this is seen as an effect of subject structure, subordinated both to the intrinsic limitations of the symbolic order and to the relationship with the coherence of the psychoanalytic order. Some clinical data (such as dreams, interpretations, symptoms, the division between the subject who states and the subject of statement, the role of metalanguage) are cited, along with some examples taken from linguistics, logic and literature.
Unstressed word-final vowels
Authors: Guierre Lionel
Published: September 2019

Voyelles inaccentuées en fin de mot.

La réduction des voyelles est un trait frappant de l’anglais parlé ; les syllabes inaccentuées ont une forte tendance à réduire leur voyelle. Mais ce phénomène peut être étudié sous des angles différents. Cette étude porte sur les corrélations entre sons et lettres du point de vue de l’auditeur-scripteur moyen, qui doit convertir des voyelles réduites en lettres au cours d’une dictée par exemple. L’auteur tente d’évaluer les différentes stratégies et les indices disponibles pour désambiguiser les voyelles réduites (miner, minor) en utilisant les contraintes structurales, l’analyse des catégories lexicales et le découpage morphologique. Cette étude est limitée au cas des voyelles phonétiques en fin de mot (soda, jumbo, continue, depot, precis,...), qui sont attestées dans quelque 10.000 des 41.000 mots de notre corpus. Les autres cas de réduction vocalique seront étudiés dans un prochain article.
Le suffrage universel ou «le bonheur du plus grand nombre»
Authors: Wulf Naomi
Published: September 2019

Universal Suffrage , or ‘the Greatest Happiness of the Greatest Number’.

In November 1828, suffrage was extended to include all white males in Jacksonian America. In Benthamite terms, America thus achieved the «happiness» of the American people it had been pursuing since its Declaration of Independence. Publicist Orestes Brownson challenged this link between the majority principle and the happiness of the people by adopting two seemingly contradictory viewpoints. First, he developed a social critique of the shortcomings of political democracy infighting social evils. Secondly, he adopted the liberal standpoint which distrusted the capacity of the people to create their own happiness. These two trends of thought offer an incisive critique of mainstream democracy by invoking the principles of the virtuous republic and the necessary sacrifice to achieve the longed for happiness.
Die Bewaffnung im Hallstattkreis
Authors: Frey Otto Hermann
Published: September 2019

Les deux grandes zones hallstatttiennes — la zone orientale el la zone occidentale qui est le berceau des Celtes historiques — se distinguent non seulement par la forme des armes mais aussi par des usages différents : dans le sud-est de la zone alpine, le guerrier est enterré avec une panoplie offensive et défensive proche de l'armement répandu en Italie centrale ; dans l’ouest, c’est d’abord la longue épée seule qui apparaît quelquefois dans les mobiliers funéraires ; comme elle, le poignard qui la remplace au VIe siècle av. n. è. constitue probablement surtout l’insigne du rang du défunt ; le combat était le fait de formations armées de lances. La différente situation dans l’Est est confirmée par la rareté des poignards : quelques exemplaires connus sont sans doute dérivés de l’akinakes scythe et étaient des armes de cavaliers.
LAPAROSCOPIC TRANS-ABDOMINAL PRE-PERITONEAL (TAPP) REPAIR FOR TREATMENT INGUINAL HERNIA DISEASE
Authors: Nguyen Minh Thao , Pham Anh Vu , Nguyen Huu Tri , Nguyen Doan Van Phu , Nguyen Thanh Phuc , Tran Van Khoi , Doan Phuoc Vung , Truong Dinh Khoi , Nguyen Duy Thang
Published: September 2019

Background: Inguinal hernia is one of the commonest surgical diseases and there are many different techniques applied. The laparoscopic trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) repair allows a better view of the inguinal anatomy, evaluation of opposite side and resolve combined peritoneal diseases as well.

Patient and method: The study included 60 cases with inguinal hernia that have been treated by laparoscopic transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) repair. Method: Description, prospective follow-up.

Result: The mean age was 58±18.2. 96.7% were males. The average operative time was 45.6±15.1 minutes for one side hernia, 73±25.2 minutes for bilateral hernia. 02 cases have been post-operation inguinal seroma complication (3.3%), 02 cases with hydrocele (3.3%), 01 case with abdominal seroma (1.7%). 04 cases (6.7%) opposite inguinal hernia were detected and 05 cases (8.3%) with combined diseases were resolved. Duration of post-operative stay was 3.9±1.1 days.

Conclusion: TAPP is a safe and feasible procedure, allows evaluation of opposite side and resolve combined peritoneal diseases.
STUDY ON HER2 STATUS AND RELATIONSHIP WITH PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN INVASIVE BREAST CARCINOMA
Authors: Dang Cong Thuan , Le Trong Lan ,   Song Nguyen Tran Bao, Thuy Phan Thi Thu, Dong Tran Nam, Thao Le Thi Thu, Sach Ngo Cao, Lien Tran Thi Hoang, Van Vo Thi Hong
Published: September 2019

Background: To select patients with targeted breast cancer need to accurately determine the status of HER2 gene amplification. Therefore, HER2 gene amplification should be determined by in situ hybridization (ISH) for all of cases which HER2 positive (2+) by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Our study aims to apply IHC and DISH to detect HER2 status and relationship with prognostic factors in breast cancer.

Subjects and research methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study; 92 patients were diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma at Hue University Hospital and Hue Central Hospital. IHC and DISH are performed on the Benchmark machines (Ventana) of Roche Diagnostics. Molecular subtypes based on the classification of Saint Gallen (2011).

Results: Tumor is usually located in the right breast (53.3%); tumor size > 2-5cm (46.7%); Invasive carcinoma not otherwise specified (73.9%); lymph node metastasis 59.8%, histologic grade 2 (60.3%); disease stage II (51.1%). ER (+) 42.4%, PR (+) 41.3%, HER2 (+) 34.8%, Ki67 (+) 59.8% of cases. The most common molecular subtype of breast cancer is Luminal B (28.3%). HER2 gene amplified by DISH in HER2 (2+) 46.2%, HER2 (3+) by 100%. HER2 gene amplification is associated with HER2 protein expression, molecular subtypes; There is no relationship with the disease stage.

Conclusion: In addition to immunohistochemistry, gene amplification with DISH is useful for determining the status of the HER2 gene and supporting the accurate grouping molecular subtypes of breast cancer and target therapy. 34.8% HER2 positive by IHC staining; HER2 gene amplified by DISH in 46.2% of HER2 (2+) cases. There are relationship between the HER2 gene amplified and HER2 protein expression, molecular subtypes in invasive breast carcinoma.

Key words: invasive breast cancer, immunohistochemistry, histologic grade, disease stage, molecular subtypes, Dual In Situ Hybridization, DISH
THE EARLY USE OF NON-INVASIVE VENTILATION FOR ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE IN ICU
Authors: Vo Viet Ha , Nguyen Van Minh , Tran Xuan Thinh
Published: September 2019

Background: The noninvasive ventilation (NIV) can prevent the need for intubation and the mortality associated with episodes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, asthma... The aim of this study was to find whether the introduction of NPPV early after the admission was effective at reducing the need for intubation and the mortality rate.

Methods: Patients were recruited from 9/2017 to 5/2018. CPAP mode delivered through a face mask may be used. Blood gas was tested after 3 hrs.

Results: 31 patients were recruited, The use of NIV significantly reduced the need for intubation. The failure rate must set an local management in the research group is 19,8%.

Conclusions: The early use of NIV in ICU improved arterial blood gas, decreases the rate of need for intubation and reduces the mortality in patients with moderate respiratory failure.

Key words: noninvasive ventilation (NIV), failure in ICU
Physicochemical principles and implementation of the technology for producing fluxed agglomerate using ore the sukha balka field
Authors: Myanovska Ya , Projdak Yu , Kamkina L , Babenko O , Kolbin M
Published: September 2019

The general regularities and mechanism of the process of sintering of iron ore are considered, taking into account the transformation occurring during sintering and with the participation of components of heterogeneous systems. It is shown that in heterogeneous systems during sintering significant influence on the change of mineralogical composition of the finished agglomerate is influenced by the amount of introduced ore and CaO due to which the phases are formed, which provide sufficient strength of the finished product. Microstructure studies have shown that the appearance of calcium ferrite agglomerates between magnetite grains and a decrease in the amount of silicate glass increases the agglomerate strength. Analysis of the sintering results shows that the ore substitution has no significant effect on the strength of the test sinter. However, with the ratio of ore / concentrate 9/1, the time at which the maximum temperature of the exhaust gases is reached is increased, which may be due to the change in the porosity of the charge layer when larger particles of iron ore are used. Obtaining agglomerate of a given basicity and properties is carried out at the size of limestone and solid fuel within 0-3mm, the size of the room-ore concentrate to 0.1 mm, iron ore was used without sieving by fractions, the humidity of the charge 7 - 8%, the consumption of solid fuel for the process 6 - 8%. The positive effect of the replacement of iron ore concentrate with the iron ore deposit "SUKHA BALKA" may be related to the chemical composition of the ore, which is rich in ore and contains aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide. Aluminum oxide promotes the formation of calcium Al2O3•SiO2•Fe2O3 and provides sufficient metallurgical strength for the agglomerate. The amount of magnetite decreased as it was spent on the formation of aluminosilicopherite. In addition, during crystallization, magnesium enters the lattice of two-calcium silicate and prevents the polymorphic transformation of β2CaO • SiO2 → γ 2CaO • SiO2, which also affects the strength of the agglomerate.
Engineering technique for determining antifiction efficiency of emulsols for cold rolling by their physical and chemical properties
Authors: Vasilev J , Zamogilniy R , Samokysh D
Published: September 2019

An engineering technique was developed to determine the antifriction efficiency of emulsols during cold rolling according to their physicochemical properties. This method is based on the dimensionless exponent’s kсм, kвяз kэф and kотн.эф, taking into account, respectively, the influence of the chemical and physical properties of emulsols on the antifriction efficiency of the latter and the proposed dependencies for calculating rating of their antifriction efficiency. With the proposed method and criterion kотн.эф antifriction efficiency of 24 different emulsol it was investigated applied in cold rolling and the calculated rating antifriction their effectiveness. It is established that the high antifriction and washing efficiency of modern emulsols is achieved with a value of the kinematic viscosity of the latter at a level of 30-45 mm2/s and an increase in the saponification to 160-195 mg KOH/g.
Porto Maravilha
Authors: Barroso de Mello Flávia , Grubits de Paula Pessôa Luís Alexandre
Published: September 2019

A partir das narrativas institucionais veiculadas no site portomaravilha.com.br e de algumas manifestações culturais que se concretizam no porto do Rio, pretende-se, neste artigo, refletir sobre a interseção entre os grandes projetos de revitalização urbana patrocinados pelo poder público e as disputas que envolvem a produção de novos imaginários e identidades culturais na região portuária. Para tanto, o aporte teórico-metodológico parte dos estudos culturais (PESAVENTO,2007,2014; SEVCENKO, 1998, 2001; HALL, 2000) e das teorias sobre memória  (POLLACK, 1989; HALBWACHS, 1990). O percurso da análise se dá na interseção entre os campos teóricos visitados e o corpus analisado e aponta pistas sobre uma estratégia discursiva institucional que apropria símbolos e imaginários da cidade, do passado e do presente, para inserir o Rio de Janeiro no cenário de cidades globais.
SIKAP ORANG TUA TENTANG PENDIDIKAN SEKS PADA REMAJA DI DESA JATILENGGER RT 04/ RW 02 KECAMATAN PONGGOK KABUPATEN BLITAR
Authors: ISTIGHOSAH NINING
Published: September 2019

Di Indonesia hingga kini pendidikan seks terus ditolak banyak pihak. Pendidikan sekss dicurigai sebagai kegiatan kontra produktif dan mengarah pada pornografi. Akses terhadap pendidikan seks juga minim, serta hanya sebagian orang tua bersikap positif terhadap pendidikan seks yang diberikan kepada remaja. Banyak orang tua yang bersikap canggung untuk terbuka dengan anak-anak tentang persoalan seksualitas. Padahal, dengan sikap keliru tersebut, anak justru akan berusaha mencari sendiri pengetahuan yang berhubungan dengan kehidupan seksual. Akibatnya pengetahuan yang diperoleh bisa setengah-setengah atau bahkan keliru sehingga dapat menjerumuskan anak pada hal yang negatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh orang tua di Desa Jatilengger RT 04/ RW 02 Kecamatan Ponggok Kabupaten Blitar sebanyak 30 responden.

Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwasanya sikap orang tua tentang pendidikan seks pada remaja adalah positif sebanyak 14 responden (46,66%). Dari berbagai komponen sikap didapatkan bahwasanya sikap orang tua tentang pendidikan seks pada remaja adalah negatif 16 sebanyak responden (53,33%).

Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya pemberian informasi pada orang tua khususnya yang mempunyai anak pada usia remaja tentang pentingnya pendidikan seks pada remaja dengan menggunakan pendekatan sesuai dengan tahapan perkembangan remaja.
The Impact Of Macroeconomic Variables On Real Estate Price Forecasting Modelling In Abuja Nigeria
Authors:   Faculty of Built Environment and Survey, University Technology Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia., Alkali Musa Abubakar , Sipan Ibrahim Atan Bin ,   Faculty of Built Environment and Survey, University Technology Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia., Razali Muhammad Najib ,   Faculty of Built Environment and Survey, University Technology Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia.
Published: September 2019

This paper examined the impact of macroeconomic variables on real estate price forecasting modelling in Abuja, Nigeria using the family of Box-Jenkins ARIMA models. The ARIMA and ARIMAX models were used to forecast real estate residential price in Abuja, Nigeria using quarterly data from 2000Q1 to 2017Q in Naira (N). The outcome revealed that, macroeconomic variables such as consumer price index, price of crude oil, exchange rate of Naira against US dollar, GDP, interest rate, household income has significant positive impact on the real estate residential price forecasting models of 2 bedroom flat, 3 bedroom flat and 5 bedroom flat, while they have strong negative impact on the price forecasting model of 4 bedroom flat. Moreover, ARIMA and ARIMAX provides best out of sample forecasting models.
Social Needs And Intention To Stay By Generation Y Employees In The Banking Sector In Malaysia: The Mediating Role Of Perceived Organizational Support
Authors:   Business School, Open University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Othman Zabedah bt , Singh Jugindar Singh Kartar ,   School of Management, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Hashim Raemah Abdullah ,   Business School, Open University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: September 2019

This study examined the impact of social needs of Generation Y employees towards their intention to stay longer in organizations. The mediating role of perceived organizational support was also examined. In this quantitative research, data was collected using a survey method. The study population were Generation Y employees in the banking sector in Malaysia. Random sampling was used to collect data from 470 respondents. Self-administered questionnaires were delivered by hand. Structural equation modelling was used to test the relationships. The findings revealed that Gen Y employees’ social needs were positively related to their intention to stay. It was found that perceived organizational support mediated the relationship between the two constructs. The findings presented new insights into how Gen Y employees social needs can contribute to improving their intention to stay in the banking sector. Given the paucity of research in the context of the role of social needs and perceived organizational support, this study provides an understanding to organizations on the influence of social needs and perceived organizational support in improving retention of Gen Y employees.
Innovative Characteristics Among Small And Medium Enterprises In (Johor) Malaysia
Authors:   Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia., Nadhim Mohammed Hayder , Omar Siti Sarah ,   Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia., Oleiwia Ali Taha ,   Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia, Gueme Ganama Moustapha ,   Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia., Fernandez Dahlia Fernandez binti mohd Farid ,   Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia.
Published: September 2019

Innovation is seen as a means that aids in promoting opportunities for new businesses to grow in the market. It has been proven to have a significant increase in SMEs as well as an expansion of business due to an implementation of innovation. Hence, SMEs are in competition among themselves in Malaysia even throughout the world, to improve their strategic innovation in order for them to boost productivity as well as sustain their competitive advantage. Thus, the objectives of this research are:(1) To identify the external business success factors being implemented by the SMEs in Johor. (2) To identify the internal business success factors being implemented by the SMEs in Johor. (3) To investigate the current level of innovative practices among SMEs in Johor. (4) To identify the relationship between external and internal factors with innovative practices among SMEs in Johor. Data was collected from 152 respondents of SMEs from all sectors in Johor. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze of the data. The findings confirmed that the survey instruments used were reliable. The findings enlighten that there is a significant positive relationship between external factors (Financial resource, Government supported developments, Market dynamics, and Academia-industry collaborations) on another hand, the internal factors (Organizational culture, and Management orientation) with innovation practices. The study also found that the level of innovation practices among SMEs in Johor was at a medium level. This study recommended to apply this study in other states within Malaysia and in other countries, Besides comparing innovative practices of locally managed SMEs and SMEs managed by foreign entities can increase our understanding of SME innovation practices. The study focused on SMEs, may better to examine large companies and identify whether they have similar outcomes.
Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in the Retailing Industry: Evidence from Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors:   Business and Management, University of Technology MARA (UiTM), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia., Andrew Leviana , Haris Nurfazlina ,   Business and Management, University of Technology MARA (UiTM), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia., Latif Siti Fatimah Abdul ,   Business and Management, University of Technology MARA (UiTM), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia., Zakariah Habiel ,   Business and Management, University of Technology MARA (UiTM), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.
Published: September 2019

These days all organizations are facing challenges in delivering quality services, creating values and satisfying customers, let alone in the retailing industry. The economic instability due to government policy, the rising cost of living, players in the retailing industry are forced to downsize, relocate branch and minimize its operations. Not only that, retailers, specifically hypermarkets which have direct access to individual customers personally try their best to satisfy its customers through monthly promotions, member's discounts, extending physical store to online store and many more. But what are the elements of service quality and how does it affect customer satisfaction? Some studies found that customer's satisfaction seemed to be lower in the retailers that have rigid operating hours. Another study claimed that a long queue was also the culprit for lower customer satisfaction. The truth is, service quality needs assurance, responsiveness, reliability, and tangibility in order to satisfy customers. There was not enough evidence regarding service quality and customers in the retailing industry in Sarawak. Thus, this study seeks to identify the relationship between the two variables in Sarawak’s setting. The researchers adapted the SERVQUAL questionnaire to analyze the gap between perceptions and expectations of the customer, concerning the service at a hypermarket. A total of 169 responses from 181 questionnaires distributed were used for the analysis of this study. The results showed that all the variables in the service quality were positively related to customer satisfaction. These findings showed that assurance, responsiveness, reliability, and tangibility are considered as service quality which then translated into the retailers' policy, management, and operations. The study also proved that service quality can be considered as a competitive advantage and should be taken seriously to ensure the survival of the hypermarket.