bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The First Advisory Group Meeting (AGM) in Open and Distance Education
Authors: Giannoukos Georgios , Stergiou Ioannis , Hioctour Vasilios , Kallianta Sotiria
Published: March 2020

The main reason for someone to participate in an Open and Distance Education program is either the acquisition of professional skills on a given object, or the development of his existing skills and consequently their improvement. By carrying out Advisory Group Meetings (AGM) on specific issues related to the trainees, a deepening of their theoretical background and the practical aspects of their training takes place, which they all seek. In this paper we present in a concise way the course of such a meeting according to the extent that it may have, in which the theory is being associated with practice.
The Contribution of Teaching Skill and Learning Skill To The Competence Achievement of Computer Assembly in Public Vocational High School of Malang City
Authors: Maryati Tri , Elmunsyah Hakkun , Sutadji Eddy
Published: March 2020

Good competence mastering for the package of Computer and Network Engineering skill canâ€™t be separated from maturity of competence achievement in the skill program basic as well. Thus, with good and appropriate basic competence achievement of Computer and Network Engineering skill, competence mastering of Computer and Network Engineering skill will also be great. Computer assembly subject is one subject which included into basic of Computer and Network Engineering skill. Besides that, computer assembly subject supports computer technician work which much needed in the industrial or business world. Less basic competence mastering of Computer and Network Engineering skill is assumed due to many aspects, both internal and external aspect. Internal aspect includes factor which affects from the inside of student such as learning skill. External aspect is factor which affects from studentâ€™s outside such as teacher teaching skill. This research aims to know how large the contribution of teaching skill and learning skill to the vocational competence achievement for students in the Vocational High School (SMK-Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan) at Computer and Network Engineering skill Malang City. Type and data analysis in this research included into quantitative research. Sample in this research was 199 students in the 10th Grade. Data collection technique for teaching skill and learning skill variable used questionnaire, while competence achievement of computer assembly variable used test and documentation. Data analysis that used in this research was frequency distribution with SPSS program for Windows version 16. Data analysis included description and multiple regression. Research result showed that: (1) contribution of teaching skill to the competence achievement of computer assembly was 5%; (2) contribution of learning skill to the competence achievement of computer assembly was 8%; and (3) contribution of teaching skill and student learning skill simultaneously to the competence achievement for computer assembly was 20.2%. Suggestion that recommended in this research as follow: (1) it needs improvement or development for teachers in order to be able to give question and distribute the question which will encourage student to have critical thinking; (2) it needs guidance for students who have difficulty in arranging their learning schedule and cooperate with parents in order to support their childrenâ€™s effort to be discipline in learning as with the learning schedule.
Banatite metallogeny of North Poiana Ruscă Mts. revisited
Authors: Vlad Şerban
Published: March 2020

The somehow ignored northern portion of the Banat-Timok Province/Banatitic Belt is reconsidered in metallogenetic terms after updated evaluation based on recent considerations and long ago recognized tectonic, magmatic and metallogenetic evidence. Banatitic occurrences in the investigated area are confined to the NE extent of the non productive alkali-calcic alignment up to the Mures Valley where it joins the sub-latitudinal Bega-Mures branching lineament. Banatitic edifices related to this junction depart from the alkali-calcic trend, drifting to the productive calc-alkaline porphyry environment, characteristic of Timok-South Banat metallogeny. The assemblage of Cretaceous volcanics/pyroclastics and sedimentary formation with subvolcanic and blind intrusions with associated alteration and mineralization creates a environment that reminds the well-known Timok setting. Despite the so far poor understood setting with underestimated economic attractivity, integrated geological-geophysical evidence underscore the potential of this peculiar Timok like volcano-plutonic structure associated with blind porphyry Cu-Au and distal base metal expression, fostering future investigations.
PEG mediated synthesis of 6-pyrazinyl-/fused pyrazinylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones using Castro-Stephen coupling, oxidation and cyclocondensation reactions
Authors: Pagilla Shankaraiah , Kumar Angajala , Sunitha Vianala , Bhavani Anagani
Published: March 2020

A PEG-mediated green synthesis of 6-pyrazinyl-/fused pyrazinylquinazolin- 4(3H)-ones was developed starting from 6-iodo-3-methyl-2-phenylquinazolin- 4(3H)-one by means of quinazolinone-based internal alkyne/1,2-diketone as intermediates using the Castro?Stephen coupling reaction/potassium permanganate mediated oxidation and cyclocondensation reactions.
Fixed bed adsorption treatment of effluent of battery recycling unit to remove Pb(II) using steam-activated granular carbon
Authors: Meshram Saurabh , Thakur Chandrakant , Soni Anupam
Published: March 2020

Battery recycling generates large amount of effluent which contains the toxic Pb(II) beyond the permissible limit. This effluent was treated for the removal of Pb(II) by fixed bed adsorption onto steam-activated granular carbon. Effect of flow rate, bed diameter and bed height on the performance of fixed bed column was investigated. The experimental data was presented in the form of breakthrough curve. Bed exhaustion time, breakthrough time and adsorbent capacity were determined. The obtained experimental data were evaluated with the four kinetic models: Thomas, Yoon?Nelson, Adams?Bohart and Clark model. The data were fitted well to the Thomas, Yoon?Nelson and Clark model with correlation coefficient R2 > 0.96.
The Long-term Effects of Metformin on Patients With Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Kwon Soie , Kim Yong Chul , Park Jae Yoon , Lee Jeonghwan , An Jung Nam , Kim Clara Tammy , Oh Sohee , Park Seokwoo , Kim Dong Ki , Oh Yun Kyu , Kim Yon Su , Lim Chun Soo , Lee Jung Pyo
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

Metformin is the first pharmacological option for treating type 2 diabetes. However, the use of this drug is not recommended in individuals with impaired kidney function because of the perceived risk of lactic acidosis. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of metformin in patients with type 2 diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of 10,426 patients with type 2 DKD from two tertiary hospitals. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) progression. The secondary outcome was metformin-associated lactic acidosis. Taking into account the possibility that patients with less severe disease were prescribed metformin, propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted.

RESULTS

All-cause mortality and incident ESRD were lower in the metformin group according to the multivariate Cox analysis. Because the two groups had significantly different baseline characteristics, PSM was performed. After matching, metformin usage was still associated with lower all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.65; 95% CI 0.57–0.73; P < 0.001) and ESRD progression (aHR 0.67; 95% CI 0.58–0.77; P < 0.001). Only one event of metformin-associated lactic acidosis was recorded. In both the original and PSM groups, metformin usage did not increase the risk of lactic acidosis events from all causes (aHR 0.92; 95% CI 0.668–1.276; P = 0.629).

CONCLUSIONS

In the present retrospective study, metformin usage in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those with CKD 3B, decreased the risk of all-cause mortality and incident ESRD. Additionally, metformin did not increase the risk of lactic acidosis. However, considering the remaining biases even after PSM, further randomized controlled trials are needed to change real-world practice.
Organisational Justice and Organisational Commitment among Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Jameel Alaa S. , Mahmood Yazen N. , Jwmaa Swran J.
Published: March 2020

Given the importance of teachers ' understanding of organizational justice and its effect on their organizational commitment, the literature of teachers and schools lacks evidence about the relations between these factors in developing countries. This research seeks to investigate the direct influence of organizational justice on teachers committed to their schools. the study consists of three dimensions of Organizational justice namely: distributive, procedural, and interactional justice as a dependent variables and organizational commitment as an independent variable. The study conducted among eight official secondary schools. However, Stratified random sampling choice depending on the total of teachers at each school, Data Collection Method was using a structured questionnaire by self-administrative. SPSS has analysed the 92 valid surveys. The results indicated there is a positive and significant relationship between Organizational justice dimensions and organizational commitment, distributive justice  found highly correlated with organizational commitment. However, the three dimensions of Organizational justice positively and significantly predicted organizational commitment among secondary school teachers. The study could provide some significant literature contributions on the Organizational justice and organizational commitment of secondary school teachers in developing countries.
Review On Electric Traction Systems Driving Induction Motor and Associated Power Quality Issues
Authors: Bharati Servesh , Upadhyay Mrs. Madhu
Published: March 2020

The traction systems for electric vehicles have advanced considerably over recent years, with the application of different topologies of power converters for the control of various types of electric induction motors and permanent magnet. Furthermore, the evolution of power semiconductor elements of Si to SiC wideband have opened up lines of research and development in this area. The trend of manufacturer’s traction systems is to reach compact systems where the power dissipation is high and the reduction of losses is minimal, for it the implementation of topologies of converters with SiC devices seems to be a good alternative of use to improve the performance of these systems. This paper studies the basic topologies of back to back converter in traction systems als well as the powr quality issues arriving in these systems.
EARLY PERFORMANCE OF FOUR SWEET CHERRY CULTIVARS GRAFTED ON GISELA 5 AND COLT ROOTSTOCKS IN A HIGH DENSITY GROWING SYSTEM
Authors: Milić Biserka , Kalajdžić Jelena , Keserović Zoran , Magazin Nenad , Ognjanov Vladislav , Miodragović Maja , Popara Gordana
Published: March 2020

Growing the sweet cherry on different vigor rootstocks, such as Colt and Gisela 5, in a high-density orchard, causes differences in growth and productivity and later imposes the need to change the growing system including pruning, flower and fruit thinning, irrigation and fertilization. In the present research, four sweet cherry cultivars (Summit, Kordia, Lapins and Regina) grafted on Colt and Gisela 5 rootstocks were assessed for morphological traits and productivity. The parameters investigated were: vegetative growth, bearing potential, fruit set, precocity, productivity, fruit growth habit and quality attributes. Compared to Colt, the trees on Gisela 5 had smaller TCSA and the length of two-year-old branches, in the fifth season after planting. Trees on Gisela 5 had a higher number of flower buds per may bouquet compared to Colt, which confirms that bearing potential is highly affected by the rootstock. Growing the sweet cherries on Gisela 5 induced a higher fruit setting in all cultivars except in Kordia. Fruit physical attributes were affected by the cultivar, growing system and experimental year. For all tested cultivars, the yield per tree was significantly lower on Colt compared to Gisela 5. Gisela 5 performed better than Colt, which suggests that Gisela 5 should be used as a rootstock in high density sweet cherry production systems.
TILLAGE MANAGEMENT EFFECTS ON PEA YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PEA SEEDS
Authors: Woźniak Andrzej , Gawęda Dorota
Published: March 2020

Productivity of plants is determined by multiple factors that directly affect one another, therefore yield variability may be high and difficult to predict. Most often, however, a lower crop yield is achieved in the notillage system than in the ploughing system. An exact field experiment was undertaken to determine the yield and chemical composition of pea seeds sown under conditions of: 1) conventional tillage – CT (shallow ploughing and harrowing after the harvest of previous crop, pre-winter ploughing in winter); 2) reduced tillage – RT (stubble cultivator after the harvest of previous crop); and 3) herbicide tillage – HT (only glyphosate after the harvest of previous crop). A cultivation unit was applied on all plots in the springtime. Pea seed yield was higher by 14.1% in the CT than in the RT system and by 50.5% than in the HT system. The CT system was increasing the plant number m–2, number of pods and seeds m–2, seed mass per plant, and 1000 seeds mass, compared to the other systems. Protein content of seeds was at a similar level in all analyzed tillage systems, but was affected by the study year. In turn, the mineral composition of seeds was determined by both tillage system and study year. The seeds harvested from CT plots contained more phosphorus and iron, those from RT plots – more calcium and zinc, whereas those from HT plots – more phytate-P, potassium, magnesium, and copper, compared to the seeds from the other plots.
Private Governance of Freedom of Expression on Social Media Platforms: EU content regulation through the lens of human rights standards
Authors: Jørgensen Rikke Frank , Zuleta Lumi
Published: March 2020

For years, social media platforms have been perceived as a democratic gain, facilitating freedom of expression, easy access to a variety of information, and new means of public participation. At the same time, social media have enabled the dissemination of illegal content and incitement to discrimination, hostility, or violence, fuelling several content regulation initiatives. From the perspective of freedom of expression, this development embraces two challenges: first, private actors govern freedom of expression, without human rights safeguards; second, this privatised governance of human rights is encouraged and legitimised by a broad range of EU policy initiatives. Informed by an analysis of Danish Facebook users’ attitudes toward public debate on Facebook, we pose the question: How do social media companies such as Facebook balance various human rights considerations on their platforms, particularly in relation to freedom of expression? We analyse the abovementioned challenges through a human rights lens, which serves as the analytical framework for this article. Further, we suggest some strategies for moving forward, drawing on recent recommendations from the UN human rights system.
Decolonizing Kink: Nishinaabeg Stories as Critical Engagements with Power
Authors: Kurchina-Tyson Adria
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this paper is to address interpretations of Nishinaabeg epistemologies and pedagogies that replicate essentialist modes of storytelling and governance. This paper elaborates on Anishinaabek theories of consent and consent-based governance systems by drawing upon our stories and storytelling practices. Presenting Anishinaabeg storytelling practices as critically reflexive engagements with power, this paper demonstrates the untranslatability of Nishinaabeg methods of governance to colonial contexts of systemic violence. The intention of this work is to reveal how Nishinaabeg relationship governance practices are fundamentally oriented to consent, sustainability, and collective and/or mutual/reciprocal validation.
Clay and Common Ground: Clanships and Polyspirited Embodiment
Authors: De Line Sebastian
Published: March 2020

In this article, I explore embodiment within discourses on trans and two-spirit through a consideration of polyspirited(many-spirited) within the context of Indigenous and transnational stories of clay. Two main articulations spiral out from embodiments of the polyspirited: 1) that embodiment is not limited to one or two spirits but potentially many spirits operating through or within the body collectively in reciprocal relationality; and 2) that stories of clay teach us that the Westernized scientific conception of the human body is limited in its capacity to articulate what it means to be in relation. By understanding clay stories, we begin to comprehend that we are potentially more than two-spirit peoples.
أنثروبولوجيا الفكر الاقتصادي (اقتصاديات العالم القديم أنموذجاً)
Authors: Mansoor Ahmad I. A. , Haji Bawer A.
Published: March 2020

لم يكن أمام الأنثروبولوجيين الاقتصاديين مناصٌ من ملاحظة أن العالم حولهم يتغيير بسرعة؛ بشكل حالات تتباين من مجتمع إلى آخر في الأخلاقيات والتقنيات وعلاقات الانتاج, فنحن نعلم أن الحلقات والأكثر تطوراً كانت نتيجة الثورة الآلية أو ما يسمى بالثورة الصناعية, ولكن السؤال الذي شغلهم هو كيف كان الإنسان البدائي يعيش حياته بدون هذا التطور؟ وأن جلّ الأنثروبولوجيون ذوي عقلية مركزية أوروبا الفكرية بدأو دراساتهم ببلاد الإغريق مفترضِ أن الحياة الاقتصادية الحقيقية بدأت عندهم, وتعجبوا بأنه كيف كان الرجل الإغريقي البسيط يتولى مسؤولية تأمين احتياجات منزله!. لكن بعض الأنثروبولوجيين الآخرين ذهبوا أبعد من ذلك, أي بدراسة الأفكار الاقتصادية في بلاد ما بين النهرين مهد الحضارات, وافترضوا أن حركة المجتمع حركة تطورية مستمرة بحالات مختلفة, وأن الاقتصاد الإغريقي حلقة من حلقات السلسلة التطورية, فقبل أن يكون هناك اقتصاد يعتمد على العبيد في بلاد الإغريق, كان هناك اقتصاد يعتمد على الصيد ومن ثم على الزراعة وتربية المواشي إلى التجارة وتبادل السلع كما كانت في سومر وبابل ومصر وآشور وغيرها.
Investigating EFL Teachers’ Strategies to Engage Learners in “Conversation” Classes at University Level
Authors: Ahmed Hussein A. , Mohammed Salih Hawar Sh.
Published: March 2020

Engagement is broadly defined as learners’ involvement in activities that bring about high-quality learning. Educationally speaking, learners’ engagement outlines the degree of attention, curiosity, interest and passion that learners display as they are learning or being taught. Recently, learners’ engagement has been researched quite intensively as it plays a crucial role in the acquisition of knowledge and duly achievement in the field of teaching/learning foreign languages. The current research attends to English as a foreign language university teachers’ use of a set of strategies/techniques to make learners’ do some actions so as to be prepared for engagement in the ongoing teaching/learning activities and exercises related to their “Conversation” classes. It further aims at identifying the actions done by the teachers of “Conversation” themselves to engage learners. Based on the preceding aims, it is hypothesized that the researched sample of teachers does not require learners to do certain actions as preparation for engagement in the relevant learning activities and do not do what is required from them to engage learners in their classes and duly do not enhance learners’ engagement in the different learning activities To validate the hypotheses, a sample of 12 English as a foreign language university teachers (6 males and 6 females) specialized in linguistics and teaching the subject “Conversation” has been given a 43-item questionnaire, prepared by the researchers and validated through distribution to a panel of juries in the first place and then piloted to a number of English as a foreign language university teachers, to state their responses to a five-point scale that ranges from “always’ to “never”. The results show that the sample of teachers ask learners to do a set of actions as preparation for engagement in the relevant learning activities; they also do what is required from them to engage learners and duly enhance their engagement in the different learning activities.
Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Berobat Pasien Yang Diterapi Dengan Tamoxifen Setelah Operasi Kanker Payudara
Authors: Budiman Arif , Khambri Daan , Bachtiar Hafni
Published: March 2020

Abstrak Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan berobat pasien yang diterapi dengan tamoxifen setelah operasi kanker payudara. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi kepatuhan berobat pasien di RS. Dr. M Djamil, Padang. Sehingga dapat menjadi masukan dan perbaikan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan berobat pasien. Metode yang digunakan adalah wawancara langsung, penderita mengisi daftar pertanyaan (kuesioner) dan skala likert pelayanan tenaga medis. Periode penelitian dilakukan selama 3 bulan. Analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dilakukan dengan memakai SPSS versi 18.00. Dari 61 pasien didapatkan 9 pasien tidak patuh terapi tamoxifen, hasil penelitian bivariat didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara kepatuhan dengan umur, tingkat pendidikan, pendapatan keluarga, ketersediaan asuransi kesehatan dan pelayanan tenaga medis (p<0,05) sedangkan efek samping tidak berhubungan dengan kepatuhan (p>0,05). Analisis multivariat didapatkan faktor yang paling berpengaruh adalah pelayanan tenaga medis dengan p= 0,06. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelayanan medis merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan berobat pasien yang diterapi tamoxifen setelah operasi kanker payudara, faktor lain yang berpengaruh adalah umur, tingkat pendidikan, pendapatan keluarga dan ketersediaan asuransi kesehatan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi masukan pada tenaga medis sehingga dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan berobat pasien. Kata kunci: Kepatuhan, tamoxifen, kanker payudara.AbstractMany factors affect compliance of treatment in patients treated with tamoxifenAfter breast cancer surgery. This study aims to determine the factors that may affect treatment compliance of patients in the hospital. Dr.M.Djamil, Padang. So it can be sugestion and improvement to enhance patients treatment compliance.Methods. The method is a direct interview, patients filled out a questionnaire (questionnaire) and Likert scale medical services. Period of research carried out for 3 months. Analysis univariat, bivariat and multivariat performed by using SPSS version 18.00.Results. Of the 61 patients we found 9 patients not adherent tamoxifen therapy, the results bivariant a significant association between adherence to the age, level of education, familyIncome, availability of health insurance and medical care (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis found that the most influential factor is the care of medical personnel with p=0.06. Discussion. It can be concluded that the medical services are the most influential factor on treatment compliance of patients receiving tamoxifen after breast cancer surgery, other factors are age, education level, family income and the availability of health insurance. The results of this study can be suggestion on the medical staff so as to improve treatment compliance of patients.Keywords:Compliance, tamoxifen, breast cancer.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Terhadap Rokok Dengan Kebiasaan Merokok Siswa SMP di Kota Padang
Authors: Rahmadi Afdol , Lestari Yuniar , Yenita Yenita
Published: March 2020

Abstrak Latar belakang: Kota Padang, lebih dari 50% anak berumur di bawah 18 tahun memulai kebiasaan merokok sebelum usia 13 tahun. Faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku adalah pengetahuan, sikap, kepercayaan, keyakinan, tradisi, dan nilai. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap rokok dengan kebiasaan merokok pada siswa SMP di Kota Padang. Metode: jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dalam bentuk rancangan cross-sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP di Kota Padang Tahun Ajaran 2011/2012. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 96 siswa yang diambil secara Cluster Sampling dan Simple Random Sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan angket. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara komputerisasi dan analisis dengan uji Chi-Square pada α=0,05. Hasil: didapatkan 32,30% siswa adalah perokok, 10,4% dengan pengetahuan rendah, dan 7,3% dengan sikap negatif. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan (p=1,000) dan sikap (1,000) dengan kebiasaan merokok pada siswa SMP di Kota Padang. Kesimpulan: tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan (p=0,155) dengan sikap terhadap rokok pada siswa SMP di Kota Padang. Sebaiknya perlu dilakukan penyuluhan kepada siswa SMP di Kota Padang mengenai zat-zat kimia dalam rokok dan asap rokok serta dampaknya terhadap kesehatan.Kata kunci: pengetahuan, sikap, kebiasaan merokokAbstractBackground: In Padang, more than 50% of children aged below 18 years started smoking before the age of 13. Factors which can influence behavior are knowledge, attitude, belief, conviction, tradition, and value. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of knowledge and attitude towards smoking with smoking habit in junior high school students in Padang. Methods: Type of this study was observational analytic, in the form of a cross-sectional study. The population in this study is all junior high school students in Padang School Year 2011/2012. The number of samples is as many as 96 students, which was taken by sampling technique namely Cluster Sampling and Simple Random Sampling. Data were collected by questionnaire. Computerized data processing and analysis performed by Chi-Square test at α = 0.05. Result: obtained 32.30% of students were smokers, 10.4% with low knowledge, and 7.3% with negative attitude. There was no significant relationship between knowledge (p=1,000) and attitude (p=1,000) with smoking habit in junior high school students in Padang. Concultion: there was also no significant relationship between knowledge (p=0,155) and attitude towards smoking in junior high school students in the city of Padang. It is necessary to give counseling to junior high school students in Padang about the chemicals contained in cigarettes, its smoke, and its impact to health.Keywords : knowledge, attitude, smoking habit
Hubungan Berat Plasenta Dengan Berat Badan Lahir Bayi di Kota Pariaman
Authors: Mukhlisan1 Hasra , Liputo Nur Indrawaty , Ermawati Ermawati
Published: March 2020

AbstrakPertumbuhan janin intrauterine dipengaruhi oleh fungsi plasenta. Plasenta mensuplai oksigen dan makanan dari sirkulasi ibu ke janin dan mengeluarkan sisa metabolisme dari sirkulasi janin ke ibu. Berat plasenta bertambah akibat pertumbuhan vilus plasenta. Vilus-vilus ini berfungsi sebagai tempat pertukaran makanan, oksigen dan zat sisa janin, sehingga berat plasenta akan berperan penting dalam menentukan berat badan lahir bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan berat plasenta dengan berat badan lahir bayi di Kota Pariaman. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif dan analitik, sedangkan pengolahan data dilakukan dengan uji korelasi software SPSS 15. Penelitian dilakukan di kota Pariaman dengan menggunakan data ibu melahirkan dari bulan Januari-Juni 2011. Ada 30 orang subjek dalam penelitian ini, didapatkan berat badan lahir bayi rata-rata adalah 2.996,67 gram (SD = 448,36), 4 diantaranya (13,33%) memiliki berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) sementara yang lainnya normal. Berat plasenta rata-rata 496,67 gram (SD = 49,01). Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi, berat plasenta berhubungan dengan berat badan lahir bayi di Kota Pariaman dengan p = 0,00 (<0,05) dan r = 0,784. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah berat plasenta memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan berat badan lahir bayi di Kota Pariaman dan kekuatan hubungan sedang.Kata kunci: Plasenta, berat plasenta, berat badan lahir bayiAbstractThe intrauterine growth of foetus is affected by the placental function. The functions are supplying oxygen and nutrition from maternal circulation to the foetus and secreting the metabolism residual from foetus circulation to the maternals. The increase of placental and foetus weight occurs in the same time. The villi is the surface for the exchange of nutritions, oxygens, and residual substances of feotus. The goals of this study is to identify the relationship between placental weight and birth weight in Pariaman. The method of this study is descriptive and analytical with correlation test and SPSS 15 was used for data processing. This study was held in Pariaman and pregnant woment’s data taken from January until June 2011. The results of this study showed that 30 subjects had the average of birth weight was 2,996.67 gram (SD = 448.36), 4 (13.33%) were low birth weight, while the others were normal. The average of placental weight was 496.67 gram (SD = 49.01). Based on correlation test, placental weight had relationship with birth weight in Pariaman (p = 0.00 (<0.05) and r = 0.784). The conclusion is placental weight had significant correlation with birth weight in Pariaman and the power of correlation was intermediate.Keywords:Placenta, placental weight, birth weight
Hubungan Kadar Limfosit Total dengan Prognosis Penyakit pada Penderita Sirosis Hati di Bagian Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2011
Authors: Regina Vyola , Arnelis Arnelis , Edward Zulkarnain
Published: March 2020

AbstrakSirosis hati adalah stadium akhir dari penyakit hati kronik berupa proses fibrosis difus yang ditandai dengan perubahan arsitektur normal hati menjadi bentuk nodulus abnormal. Pada penderita sirosis hati ini sering terjadi penyakit infeksi akibat adanya imunosupresi. Hitung kadar limfosit total dapat digunakan untuk menentukan status imunitas penderita sirosis hati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kadar limfosit total penderita sirosis hati. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik. Populasi penelitian adalah penderita sebagai sirosis hati yang dirawat di Bagian Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2011. Sampel diambil dari populasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data diolah menggunakan uji Chi-square. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sebanyak 83,1% penderita sirosis hati memiliki kadar limfosit total yang rendah. Terdapat hubungan kadar limfosit total dengan berat ringannya penyakit sirosis hati dengan p<0,05. Sebanyak 49,2% infeksi ditemukan pada penderita sirosis hati. Kematian pada penderita sirosis hati akibat penyakit infeksi ditemukan 52,9%.Kata kunci: kadar limfosit total, sirosis hatiAbstractLiver Cirrhosis is the end stage of chronic liver disease in the form of a diffuse fibrotic process characterized by changes in the normal architecture of the liver to abnormal nodules. In patients with liver cirrhosis is common infections due to immunosuppression. The total lymphocyte count can be used to determine the immune status of patients with liver cirrhosis. The purpose of this study was to determine total lymphocyte count of liver cirrhosis patients. This research design is descriptive analytic. The population is the liver cirrhosis patients as treated in the Internal Medicine Dr. M. Djamil Padang in 2011. Samples were taken from the population that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data processed by Chi-square test.The results of this study indicated that as many as 83,1% of cirrhosis patients have a low total lymphocyte count. There is a relationship of total lymphocyte levels with severity of liver cirrhosis with a value of p<0,05. The infections found 49.2% of cirrhosis patients. Mortality in cirrhosis patients due to infection was found 52,9%Keywords:total lymphocyte count, liver cirrhosi
Pengaruh Lamanya Pemberian Citicoline dalam Memperbaiki Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (Rnfl) dan Lapang Pandangan pada Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (Poag)
Authors: Sayuti Kemala , Harmen Harmen , Hondrizal Hondrizal
Published: March 2020

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai pengaruh lamanya pemberian citicoline dalam memperbaiki kualitas RNFL dan lapang pandangan pada POAG. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pasien POAG yang datang dari bulan September 2010 – Januari 2011 dengan tehnik consecutive sampling. Semua subjek penelitian yang sudah diskrining dilakukan pemeriksaan OCT dan perimetri segera sebelum pemberian citicoline, pemeriksaan ulangan dilakukan setelah 10 hari pertama, 10 hari kedua, dan 10 hari ketiga pemberian citicoline. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan perbaikan ketebalan RNFL dengan pemeriksaan OCT lebih banyak terjadi pada pemberian citicoline selama 10 hari III (45.7%) dibandingkan dengan pemberian 10 hari I (25,7%) dan 10 hari II (42,9%). Perbaikan mean sensitivity lapang pandangan dengan pemeriksaan perimetri lebih banyak terjadi pada pemberian citicoline selama 10 hari III (51,4%) dibandingkan dengan pemberian 10 hari I (32.4%) dan 10 hari II (37.2%). Lama pemberian citicoline sangat berpengaruh meningkatkan ketebalan RNFL dengan pemeriksaan OCT dan mean sensitivity lapang pandangan dengan pemeriksaan perimetri pada pasien POAG dan bermakna secara statistik dengan p=0.000 dan p=0.001Kata kunci: Primary Open Angle Glaucoma, Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, CiticolineAbstractThe objective of this study was to assessing the influence of duration of citicoline administration in improve the quality of RNFL and visual field in POAG. The study was conducted in patients with POAG who take place in September 2010 - January 2011 with consecutive sampling technique. After screening examination, subjects underwent OCT examination and early perimetry after the administration of citicoline, re-examination were in first 10 days, second 10 days, and third 10 days. RNFL thickness by OCT examination were much more going in citicoline administered for the third 10 days (45.7%) compared with the provision of first 10 days (25.7%) and second 10 day (42.9%). Mean sensitivity improvements with visual field perimetry examination occurs more frequently in the administration of citicoline for the third 10 days (51.4%), compared with 10 days of first administration (32.4%) and second 10 days (37.2%). Length of citicoline administration is influencing of RNFL thickness in OCT examination and improvement of the mean sensitivity of perimetry examination in patients with POAG and statistically significant, each with p = 0.000 and p = 0.001.Keywords: Primary Open Angle Glaucoma, Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Citicoline
Twin to Twin Transfusion Syndrom
Authors: Yusrawati Yusrawati , Effendy Rika
Published: March 2020

AbstrakPeningkatan mortalitas pada kembar monokorion disebabkan oleh adanya anastomosis vaskuler pada plasenta yang menyebabkan Twin to Twin Transfussion syndrome.Berikut laporan kasus yang ditangani di RS. DR. M. Djamil Padang. Kasus 1: Seorang pasien usia 28 tahun dengan diagnosa MP3 gravid preterm 33-34 minggu dengan Twin To Twin Transfusion Syndrom, Dari pemeriksaan USG didapatkan kesan: Gemelli, gravid 33-34 minggu dengan TTTS. Pasien diterminasi secara SCTPP. Bayi pertama lahir perempuan, dengan: BB: 1400 grams, PB: 44 cm, A / S: 8/9, Bayi ke II: perempuan, BB: 1000 grams, PB: 38 cm, A / S: 6/7, Hb janin I: 16,9 g/dl dan Hb janin II : 11,3 g/dl. Kedua bayi dirawat di bagian perinatology. Bayi pertama bertahan hidup dengan beberapa kelainan kongenital yaitu VSD dan Hemangioma Orbita. Bayi kedua meninggal pada usia 7 hari dengan susp. Sepsis. Hingga saat ini, bayi ini masih kontrol rutin ke poliklinik RS. DR. M. Djamil Padang. Kasus 2: Seorang pasien usia 31 tahun dengan diagnosa MP5 parturient aterm kala II dengan gemelli. Pasien melahirkan spontan. Bayi pertama lahir perempuan dengan: BB: 3200 grams, PB: 48cm, A / S: 8/9, Bayi ke II perempuan : BB: 2100 grams, PB: 44 cm, A / S: 7/8. Kadar Hb bayi I : 17,6 g/dl dan bayi II: 14,1 g/dl. Plasenta lahir secara spontan lengkap 1 buah, berat 1150 gr, ukuran 20x19 x3 cm, panjang kedua tali pusat masing-masing 60 cm, insersi paracentralis,Monokhorion-Monoamnion. Kesan: TTTS.Kata kunci: twin to twin transfusion sindrom, ultrasonografi, monokorionAbstractIncreased mortality in monochorionic fetus caused by vascular anastomosis in the placenta that causes Twin to Twin Transfusion Syndromes (TTTS). Reporting two cases experienced and taken care in our hospital. Case1: a woman 28 years old was diagnosed with MP3 preterm pregnancy 33-34 weeks with Twin to Twin Transfusion Syndromes.Ultrasound impression: Gemelli gravid 33-34 weeks with TTTS. The patient was terminated by SCTPP. The first baby was female, born with: BW: 1400 grams, BL: 44 cm, A / S: 8/9, the second baby: female, BW: 1000 grams, BL: 38 cm, A / S: 6/7 the first baby Hemoglobin was 16,9 g/dl and the second baby was 11,3 g/dl. The babies were treated in Perinatology, the first baby survive with some congenital abnormalities such as VSD and hemangioma in the orbita. The second baby died at the age of 7 days with suspected sepsis. To date the baby still has a routine medical checkup to RS. DR. M. Djamil Padang. Case2: a woman 31 years old with diagnose MP5 term parturient in second stage of labour with, gemelli. The babies were born spontaneously. The first baby: BW: 3200 gr, BL: 48 cm, A/S: 8/9. The second baby: BW: 2100 gr, BL: 44 cm, A/S: 7/8. Hemoglobin Concentration of the first baby: 17,6 g/dl and the second baby : 11,4 g/dl. Placenta was born monochorion, diamnion.Keywords:twin to twin transfusion syndrome, ultrasonography, monochorion
Prevalensi Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian dan Hiperaktivitas pada Siswa dan Siswi Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kecamatan Padang Timur Kota Padang Tahun 2013
Authors: Novriana Dita Eka , Yanis Amel , Masri Machdawaty
Published: March 2020

AbstrakGangguan Pemusatan Perhatian dan Hiperaktivitas (GPPH) adalah salah satu masalah psikiatri utama yang sering ditemukan pada anak. Gangguan ini dapat dijumpai pada kehidupan sehari – hari, terutama pada anak usia prasekolah dan usia sekolah. Gangguan ini adalah alasan utama orangtua membawa anaknya berkonsultasi ke psikiater. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi GPPH pada siswa dan siswi sekolah dasar negeri Kecamatan Padang Timur Tahun 2013. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dan sampel diambil secara proportional stratified random sampling di empat sekolah dasar negeri dengan jumlah sampel 80 orang dan yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi berjumlah 75 orang yang terdiri dari 38 orang laki – laki dan 37 orang perempuan. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner Conner’s Abreviated Parent – Teacher Rating Scale dan hasil yang didapatkan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi GPPH di Kecamatan Padang Timur sebesar 8%. Perbandingan GPPH pada anak laki – laki dibandingkan anak perempuan 2 : 1. Gejala GPPH terbanyak ditunjukkan pada kategori usia 11 – 13 tahun dan berada pada tingkatan kelas 5. GPPH tipe predominan hiperaktivitas – impulsivitas berjumlah lebih banyak bila dibandingkan dengan tipe predominan inatensi. Anak – anak dengan GPPH membutuhkan perhatian yang lebih dari orang tua dan guru. Hal ini agar kemampuan dan potensi anak tersebut dapat berkembang dengan optimal.Kata kunci: Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian dan Hiperaktivitas, GPPH, prevalensiAbstractAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the main problem in psychiatric which is often found in children. This disorder can be found in daily life, especially in preschoolers and school-ages. This disorder is the main reason for the parents taking their children consult to a psychiatrist.The aim of this study is for knowing the prevalence of ADHD in primary school boys and girls at East District of Padang City in 2013. This is a descriptive study and samples were taken by proportional stratified random sampling at four of state primary schools with the total 80 persons. The inclusion criteria was accomplished by 75 persons consisting of 38 boys and 37 girls. Instrument of this study is Conner’s Abreviated Parent – Teacher Rating Scale questionnaire and the result is presented in frequency distribution table.The study shows that prevalence of ADHD in East District of Padang is 8%. The ratio between boys and girls is 2 : 1. ADHD’s symptomp mostly found in the range of age 11 – 13 years old and also in the 5th grade of primary school. ADHD predominant type of hyperactivity – impulsivity is more than predominant type of inattentivity.The children with ADHD need more attention from parents and also the teacher. The purpose is to maximize the existing ability and potential.Keywords:Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD, prevalence
Identifikasi Formalin pada Bakso yang Dijual pada Beberapa Tempat di Kota Padang
Authors: Faradila Faradila , Alioes Yustini , Syamsir Elmatris
Published: March 2020

AbstrakKonsumsi makanan cepat saji saat ini telah menjadi kebiasaan makan bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu makanan cepat saji yang popular adalah bakso, namun saat ini sering dijumpai penggunaan bahan tambahan non pangan di dalam bakso yaitu formalin. Penggunaan formalin sudah dilarang dalam makanan berdasarkan peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 1168 tahun 1999, tetapi pada kenyataannya masih ada produsen makanan yang memproduksi makanan mengandung formalin. Salah satu makanan yang sering ditemukan berformalin adalah bakso. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi apakah terdapat formalin pada bakso yang dijual di Kota Padang. 42 sampel yang diidentifikasi diambil dari pedagang bakso gerobak, warung bakso, serta rumah makan franchise di beberapa lokasi dengan jumlah pedagang bakso terbanyak. Pemeriksaan kualitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan Test Kit Formalin yang terdiri atas cairan pereaksi I dan serbuk pereaksi II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 20 sampel dari 42 sampel yang diidentifikasi dilaboratorium positif mengandung formalin (47,6%). Bedasarkan hasil yang didapatkan dapat disimpulkan bahwa hampir separuh bakso yang dijual di Kota Padang mengandung formalin.Kata kunci: Bakso, FormalinAbstractNow a days, the consumption of fast food has become an eating pattern for Indonesian. One of the most popular fast food is meatball, but today, we often found that the producents add a non food addition ingredient in the meatball that we call formalin. The use of formalin actually has been prohibited used in food based on the Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No.1168 tahun 1999, but in fact, there are food producent that produce food with formalin. One of the food is meat ball. The objective of this research is to identifying whether there are formalin in meatballs that sold in padang. 42 samples that identified taken from mobile vendor, meatball restaurant and franchise restaurant in several locations with the greatest numbers of meatball seller. The qualitative examination done by using the formalin test kit that contain of reagen I and reagen II. The result of the research conclude that 20 sample from 42 sample that has been identified in laboratorium are positive have formalin (47.6%). Based on the result, we can conclude that almost of the bakso that has been sold in Padang contain formalin.Keywords:Meatball, formalin
Gambaran Zat Pewarna Merah pada Saus Cabai yang Terdapat pada Jajanan yang Dijual di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kecamatan Padang Utara
Authors: Putra Ilham Rizka , Asterina Asterina , Isrona Laila
Published: March 2020

AbstrakSaat ini, semakin banyak produsen makanan menggunakan zat pewarna yang sudah dilarang penggunaannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran zat pewarna pada saus cabai yang terdapat pada jajanan yang dijual di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kecamatan Padang Utara pada bulan November 2013 - Februari 2014. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Laboratorium kesehatan Padang. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 25 sampel yang diambil dari pedagang makanan jajanan saus cabai yang terdapat di SD Negeri pada kecamatan Padang Utara. Pemeriksaan dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan pereaksi kimia NaOH 10%, NH4OH 10%, HCl pekat dan H2SO4 pekat serta dilanjutkan dengan metoda kromatografi kertas untuk mendapatkan jenis zat pewarna yang terdapat didalam jajanan saus cabai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 10 sampel (40%) mengandung Rhodamin B dan 15 sampel (60%) yang diizinkan penggunaannya. yaitu Erytrosin. Rata-Rata kadar Erytrosin dalam saus cabai adalah 639,5% dari 300 mg/kg sampel yang diizinkan.Kata kunci: saus cabai, zat pewarna berbahaya, kadar zat pewarnaAbstractNowadays more and more food manufacturers use dyes that have been banned uses. Applied this study is to describe the dye contained in the chili sauce snacks sold in Elementary School District of the northern desert in November 2013-February 2014. This research was conducted in Health Laboratoratorium Padang. The method used a descriptive with a sample size of 25 samples taken from street food vendors chili sauce found in the districts of SD Negeri Kecamatan Padang Utara. Examination conducted qualitatively by using chemical reagents NaOH 10%, 10% NH4OH, and concentrated HCl and concentrated H2SO4 followed by paper chromatography method to get the type of dye contained in chili sauce snacks.The results showed that 10 samples (40%) containing Rhodamine B and 15 samples (60%) which allowed determination of use, Erytrosin. Concentration of Erytrosin, the average levels in the chili sauce as much as 639,5% of the 300 mg/kg samples were allowed.Keywords: chili sauce, harmful dyes, dye concentration
Pengaruh Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) terhadap Suhu dan Kehilangan Panas pada Bayi Baru Lahir
Authors: Hutagaol Hotma Sauhur , Darwin Eryati , Yantri Eny
Published: March 2020

AbstrakHipotermia merupakan penyebab utama kesakitan dan kematian bayi baru lahir di negara berkembang. Salah satu asuhan untuk mencegah hipotermi adalah dengan melaksanakan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh inisiasi menyusu dini terhadap suhu aksila dan kehilangan panas kering pada bayi baru lahir. Ini merupakan studi cross-sectional comparative yang melakukan observasi bayi yang lahir dengan persalinan normal yang dilaksanakan IMD atau tidak, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran suhu aksila dan kehilangan panas kering pada kedua kelompok. Data dianalisa menggunakan uji t-test, dan nilai p<0.05 dianggap bermakna secara statistik. Rerata suhu aksila kelompok IMD sebesar 37,1 ± 0,20C dan rerata suhu aksila pada kelompok non IMD sebesar 36,8 ± 0,40C. Rerata total kehilangan panas kering pada kelompok IMD sebesar 30,1 ± 3,4 J dan pada kelompok non IMD sebesar 31,2 ± 3,9 J. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa IMD berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan suhu aksila. Kehilangan panas kering lebih rendah pada kelompok IMD walau tidak bermakna secara statistikKata kunci: IMD, suhu aksila, kehilangan panas keringAbstractHypothermia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal period. One of essential care for newborn to prevent hypothermia is early initiation of breastfeeding. The objective of this study was to see the effects of early initiation of breastfeeding to increase axillary temperature and decrease dry heat loss in newborn. The design of this study is observational study with cross-sectional comparative design. The subjects were normal newborn with early initiation of breastfeeding and without early initiation of breastfeeding. Axillary mean temperature after early initiation of breastfeeding is 37,1 ± 0,20C and axillary mean temperature on non early initiation of breastfeeding group is 36,8 ± 0,40C. Total dry heat loss mean on early initiation of breastfeeding group is 30,1 ± 3,4 J and on non early initiation of breastfeeding group is 31,2 ± 3,9 J. This study concluded that there is the effect of early initiation of breastfeeding to axillary temperature. Total dry heat loss is lower on early initiation of breastfeeding group but not significant statistically.Keywords: early initiation of breastfeeding, axillary temperature, dry heat loss