bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI METODE SOSIOMETRI DALAM PEMBINAAN KARAKTER SISWA SMA
Authors: Muryono Sigit , Nurmawati Nurmawati , Pramesti Alma Elvira , Putri Nadia Amelia , Febrianti Elrica , Putri Dina Aulia , Ahmad Rifky Ahmayda , Fahrunnisa Ifa
Published: July 2024

Pembinaan karakter merupakan aspek penting dalam dunia pendidikan yang mencakup pengembangan nilai-nilai moral dan etika, terutama pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) yang berada dalam fase penting pembentukan identitas dan kepribadian. Proses ini menghadapi berbagai tantangan, termasuk pemahaman dinamika sosial dan pengaruh interaksi sosial terhadap pembentukan karakter. Metode sosiometri menawarkan pendekatan inovatif untuk memahami hubungan sosial dan interaksi antar anggota kelompok. Dengan memetakan hubungan sosial dan preferensi individu dalam kelompok, metode ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang struktur sosial dan dinamika kelompok. Penerapan metode sosiometri di lingkungan sekolah dapat membantu guru dan pendidik dalam mengidentifikasi pola interaksi sosial yang berdampak pada pembentukan karakter siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi implementasi metode sosiometri dalam pembinaan karakter siswa SMA, mengidentifikasi kendala yang dihadapi, serta mengevaluasi efektivitas metode ini dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan bagi pengembangan strategi pembinaan karakter di sekolah.
PENGARUH MODEL TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) BERBASIS PERMAINAN BOWLING DAN KARTU TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPS
Authors: Litasari Nur Endah , Retnoningsih Diyah Ayu
Published: July 2024

Based on the results of the initial data analysis in the research, several problems were found, including a lack of student activity in asking questions, teachers needing tools in social studies lessons, a lack of variety in learning models, students tend to get bored because teachers only use the lecture method which in the end students' scores are still below the KKM score. This research aims to find the influence of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model based on Bowling and Card Games on the social studies learning outcomes of class V MI NU 01 Prupuk Selatan. This research is experimental. This type of research uses a quantitative approach with experimental methods and a quasi-experimental design using The Nonequivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group. Data analysis techniques use validity, reliability, normality tests, homogeneity tests, and simple regression tests. The results of the research show that there is an influence of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model based on bowling and cards on the social studies learning outcomes of class V MI NU 01 Prupuk Selatan. The resulting influence is 54.20%
Analysis of associative entrepreneurship as a territorial strategy in the municipality of Mesetas, Meta
Authors: Luz Rodríguez Aura
Published: July 2024

This document reflects partial results of the characterization phase of the research project, where approaches were made with the community to identify the territory, using temporality maps within the participatory methodology called: social cartography. In this identification process, the association to achieve productive development and rural competitiveness in Mesetas was determined as a territorial enterprise, which in recent years, after the Peace Accords, have been constituted in a large number under the collective and collaborative principle, to the channeling of resources offered by governmental and international cooperation entities; improve the quality of life of producers; access training programs; implement farmers markets; incentivize fair prices, thus eliminating intermediaries; develop business skills; improve the marketing, distribution and even raw material transformation system to achieve optimal negotiation conditions, among other findings
Analysis of the simple tax regime in Colombia, case of night traders in the city of Florencia, Caquetá
Authors: Valencia Roa Brian Andrés , Cardona Ortiz Mario Alberto
Published: July 2024

To analyze the process of implementation and transition to the simple tax regime in the night merchants of the city of Florencia, Caquetá. Method: It was guided by a descriptive and exploratory investigation, the actors involved are the merchants of night establishments in the city of Florencia, Caquetá. The population was defined according to the database provided by the Florence Chamber of Commerce for the Caquetá year 2021, for the calculation of the size of the data sample, a population sample formula was implemented, giving a result of 96. Results: was able to determine that the Simple Tax Regime is a viable and adequate option for the night merchants of the city of Florencia, Caquetá to implement, Discussions: Although the merchants consider that the RST has notorious advantages, they also consider that its Implementation has not reduced the payment of taxes or the number of related procedures, which is why a gap is established where the benefits do not meet expectations, and it is also necessary to analyze each accounting situation individually to determine the convenience of its implementation. Implementation Conclusions: The merchants surveyed consider that there has not been an adequate dissemination of the concepts and benefits of the RST, in addition, when applying the survey, it was possible to identify that some taxpayers tend to think that the new simple tax regime is the same simplified regime
Challenges Faced by Rural Health Care Providers Caring for Parkinson’s Disease Patients in Neighbor Islands of Hawai‘i
Authors: Ma Erica , Krening Emma , Seto Brendan K. , Bruno Michiko K.
Published: July 2024

When compared to their urban counterparts, rural regions have worse health outcomes and more challenges in health care access. As the only island state in the US, Hawai‘i’s unique geographic layout may magnify these disparities. However, there are limited publications on the impact of urban-rural disparities in health care in Hawai‘i. The study team aimed to identify the challenges rural health care providers face when managing treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD), a complex disease. A self-administered survey was sent to 247 eligible providers who practiced in Hawai‘i and prescribed PD medications from 2017–2019. The survey assessed: provider’s comfort level in PD management; utilization and accessibility of health care services; perspective on barriers to PD care; and perspective on telemedicine. Providers were categorized into O‘ahu providers (OP, urban) and neighbor island (Hawai‘i, Kaua‘i, and Maui) providers (NIP, rural). The final sample size was 44 providers (18% response rate). NIP were significantly less likely than OP to report access to social workers (P =.025), geriatric services (P =.001), and psychologist/psychiatrist/mental health professionals (P =.009). There were no statistical differences in: criteria used for PD diagnosis, resources utilized for PD education, and comfort in prescribing PD medications. The findings show that NIP are just as engaged and capable in providing PD care as OP. However, NIP encounter more limitations to accessibility, which can affect the quality of PD care that their rural patients receive. Further research is needed to understand how these limitations affect health-related outcomes in PD as well as other chronic diseases.
Reglamento (UE) 2023/2675del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo de 22 de noviembre de2023, relativo a la protección de la unión y de sus estados miembros frente a la coerción económica por parte de terceros países
Authors: Jiménez Carrero Jorge Antonio
Published: July 2024

Este Reglamento, que entró en vigor el 27 de diciembre de 2023, recoge cómo ha de ser la respuesta de la UE cuando un tercer país adopte o pretenda adoptar medidas a fin de ejercer una coerción económica con vistas a que la propia UE o un Estado miembro adopte, modifique o revoque un acto que desincentive o vaya en detrimento del comercio o la inversión.
DERECHOS DE AUTOR EN EL ARTE CONCEPTUAL:LA PROTECCIÓN DE OBRAS DE ARTE CREADAS CON IMPRESORAS 3D Y NFTS
Authors: Enríquez Cruz Alba
Published: July 2024

Tras definir el marco del concepto de arte, originalidad y arte conceptual, este artículo analiza la problemática actual de adaptación que presenta la normativa nacional y europea vigente respecto a la realidad existente, creándose un vacío suplido por la jurisprudencia. Por ello, se desarrollan varios casos reales que invitan a la apertura de este debate que se extiende a creaciones tan singulares como las derivadas de impresoras 3D o los NFTs.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dalam Mengimplementasikan Trilogi Kepenyuluhan, Penyuluh Agama Buddha di Provinsi Banten
Authors: Pundarika Herlinda Wening , Heriyanto Heriyanto , Hartono Saputro Edi
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam mengimplementasikan trilogi kepenyuluhan, penyuluh agama Buddha di Provinsi Banten. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan eksploratif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah penyuluh agama Buddha yang terdata dan umat Buddha di Provinsi Banten. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui tiga cara, yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari empat komponen, yaitu pengumpulan data, kondensasi data, penyajian data, serta pengujian kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa implementasi trilogi kepenyuluhan sudah berjalan dengan baik dengan adanya bentuk kegiatan dari setiap fungsinya. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam mengimplementasikan trilogi kepenyuluhan dilakukan penyuluh agama Buddha dengan menggunakan berbagai media berbasis teknologi, seperti Power Point (PPT), media sosial, dan Zoom Meeting. Manfaat yang diperoleh dari penggunaan TIK dalam mengimplementasikan trilogi oleh penyuluh agama Buddha mencakup beberapa hal, yakni meningkatkan kepercayaan diri, mempermudah penyebaran informasi dan administrasi, mengetahui permasalahan awal, serta menjadi bahan referensi.
Percepción del riesgo a la variabilidad climática y adaptación de productores agrícolas en Paraguay.
Authors: Giménez Bareiro Fátima Andrea
Published: July 2024

Dentro de este trabajo se aborda la percepción de los productores de una de las principaleszonas productivas del Paraguay, ante los riesgos que representan la variabilidad climática, ycómo esa percepción supone la adopción de medidas de adaptación para enfrentarse a losimpactos del clima en el sistema productivo. El área de estudio fue el Departamento de SanPedro, se tomaron dos casos de estudio, la ciudad de Santa Rosa de Aguaray y Tacuatí, parael efecto se aplicaron 95 encuestas representativas dentro de un universo homogéneo. Losresultados muestran un gran porcentaje de productores que perciben los cambios del climaen los últimos años, como también que el total de ellos optan por implementar algunamedida de adaptación, perciban o no dicho cambio y crean o no que esa variabilidad seadebido al cambio climático, por lo que se rechaza la hipótesis planteada para el trabajo deinvestigación que propone que aquellos productores que percibían los cambios en el climason aquellos que optan por adaptarse y se concluye que existen otros factores indirectosrelacionados con la disposición de adoptar medidas de adaptación y mitigación.
El uso del ABJ. como estrategia pedagógica en el aula virtual
Authors: Molina de la rosa Luis Gustavo
Published: July 2024

Al examinar el Aprendizaje Basado en el Juego (ABJ) como una estrategia pedagógica en el entorno virtual, explorando sus antecedentes históricos y su potencial transformador en la educación contemporánea. Se destaca la relevancia de figuras como María Montessori en la integración del juego como parte esencial del proceso de aprendizaje, así como las contribuciones de Vygotsky y Piaget en la importancia de la socialización para el desarrollo cognitivo. Se evidencia que el ABJ va más allá del mero entretenimiento, promoviendo un aprendizaje colaborativo y significativo en ámbitos educativos y profesionales. Se ilustran ejemplos prácticos de su implementación, como el uso de juegos de estrategia para enseñar historia. Se abordan los desafíos y resistencias en la adopción del ABJ, especialmente en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19, y se subraya la necesidad de adaptar los planes de estudio y metodologías educativas a las habilidades tecnológicas de los estudiantes del siglo XXI. Se resaltan las ventajas del ABJ, como el fomento del aprendizaje significativo y la motivación estudiantil, junto con algunas herramientas educativas que facilitan su aplicación. En conclusión, se insta a las instituciones educativas y autoridades a promover una educación más inclusiva y centrada en el desarrollo integral de los alumnos, en línea con los avances tecnológicos y sociales de la era digital.
COVID-19: protagonista de cambios en vínculossociales. Caso de una institución educativa en Huila, Colombia
Authors: Rojas Cabrera Jeny , Castillo Hernández José Andrés
Published: July 2024

Durante la realización de este estudio teórico, se acudió a la búsqueda y revisión de trabajos de investigación y artículos previos sobre el tema en estudio, que se convirtieron en las fuentes primarias, las cuales reflejan el estado actual de la investigación,sobre los cambios en los vínculos estudiante, docente y familia a raíz del COVID-19, en la institución educativa José Acevedo y Gómez en Acevedo-Huila. En esta revisión se tuvieron en cuenta los aportes y adelantos científico– teóricos que abarcan la socialización y análisis de los diferentes estudios realizados en el contexto regional, nacional (Colombia) e internacional. El objetivo del estudio, el análisis de las consecuencias de condicionar nuevos esquemas pedagógicos mediados por el COVID-19. Metodología, lo anterior condujo a diferenciar en esta investigación el estudio de dos variables sobresalientes: la virtualización como único medio de comunicación y el fortalecimiento de los vínculos entre la familia y el docente. A través de la tecnología, los estudiantes pueden brindar excelentes críticas de las instituciones y las relaciones en la sociedad, utilizando un lenguaje que sugiere cómo se relacionan e influyen en otros contenidos disciplinarios en sus interacciones. La tecnología ha sido reconocida como uno de los elementos más importantes durante la cuarentena, ya que puede crear nuevos vínculos de comunicación, ya sea emocional o puramente académica. Los docentes, las familias y los estudiantes enfrentan el desafío de utilizar nuevos métodos y estrategias para diseñar un plan de estudios de modo que todos puedan utilizar las herramientas tecnológicas en educación.
Analysis Perceptions Performance of Geography Subject Teachers of Public and Private High Schools in Jombang District (Within the Scope of the Professional Phase Before and After Teacher Certification)
Authors: Christyanto Theofilus Brian , Utomo Dwiyono Hari
Published: July 2024

In the current era, the development of education has undergone many transformative changes, such as the integration of technology in learning processes, improvements in educational facilities, innovative teaching methods, and a shift in teachers' paradigms towards professionalism. This study aims to assess the professional status of geography teachers in public and private high schools in Jombang Regency and analyze how teachers' perceptions of professional development phases influence their performance. Data collection methods included observations, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation to provide a comprehensive analysis. The results indicate that geography teachers in both public and private schools exhibit varying levels of professional competence, with notable differences influenced by their perceptions of professional development. Teachers with a positive view of professional growth phases tend to perform better in teaching and student engagement. The discussion elaborates on these findings, highlighting the importance of continuous professional development and supportive institutional policies to enhance teacher performance and educational outcomes.
Fasting and Dietary Restriction Impact on Immune System in Aging Population: A Narrative Review
Authors: Handayani Luh Gede Laksmi Rahayu , Rahmawati Fitriana Nur , Saputri Dianita Susilo
Published: July 2024

Dietary habits and nutrition metabolism are strongly associated with human physiology. Overnutrition or calorie excess has been shown to have many deleterious effects. At the same time, the impact of fasting as part of dietary restriction (DR) remains elusive, especially on the immune system during the aging process. Here, we describe current updates of fasting and DR impact on the immune system and host responses in the aging population. Generally, fasting causes alteration in immune cell distribution by increasing the homing of peripheral cells to the bone marrow. In the aging population, fasting reduces the inflammatory response and promotes cell regeneration. Additionally, fasting is associated with the B cell clonal expansions important to counter infection. This review offers new perspectives and enhances our understanding of immunosenescence as a key to healthy aging.
PEUT-ON TRADUIRE SANS TRAHIR ?
Authors: Maurais Jean
Published: July 2024

Le discours sur la traduction est complexe et parsemé d’embuches, particulièrement lorsqu’il est question de la notion de fidélité à l’original, donc de vérité. Est-elle « fidèle » ou « trompeuse », « véridique » ou « vérité alternative », pour employer un euphémisme à la mode ? Cet article remet en question certains énoncés prescriptifs concernant la Septante ainsi que la manière dont le concept d’équivalence est employé. À la lumière des avancées récentes dans le domaine de la traductologie, il propose un regard descriptif sur la traduction, avec, comme étude de cas, la loi du lévirat en Deutéronome 25,5-6. Sans mettre de côté complètement la notion de fidélité, il devient apparent que celle-ci doit être relativisée et contextualisée, particulièrement lorsque l’objectif est de mieux comprendre son contexte de production.
ISN’T IT IRONIC ?
Authors: Doane Sébastien
Published: July 2024

L’étude de l’ironie permet un rapport complexe à la vérité. Cet article engage une discussion à partir des travaux de Robert Hurley et de Jean-Jacques Lavoie, deux exégètes de l’ACÉBAC qui ont proposé des interprétations ironiques de passages bibliques. Leur méthode d’investigation repose entre autres sur la théorie de Wayne Booth qui, bien que conscient du rôle des lecteurs dans l’acte interprétatif, cherche l’intentionnalité de l’auteur de l’ironie. Cet article offre quelques suggestions heuristiques pour interpréter l’ironie à partir de l’activité interprétative des lecteurs et lectrices. L’ironiste n’est pas seulement l’auteur du texte, mais surtout ses interprètes.
VERS UN CHEMIN DE VIE EN VÉRITÉ
Authors: Dumas Marc
Published: July 2024

Une compréhension de la vérité adéquation cause problème dans l’horizon de la foi et de ses expériences plurielles et existentielles. N’oppose-t-on pas encore trop souvent vérité de foi à vérité d’existence ? Cette contribution explore la proposition critique de la dé-coïncidence de François Jullien, cherchant à y voir comment, à contre-courant de glissements réducteurs et sclérosants de la vérité adéquation, la vérité se découvre à travers la confiance/foi, la liberté/espérance et la relation/charité, voire la communauté. L’auteur veut garder ouvert un chemin de Vie en Vérité et y interroger les conditions de possibilité de ce chemin pour aujourd’hui.
LA VÉRITÉ DANS L’ÉPISTÉMÈ ISLAMIQUE POST-AVERROECIEN
Authors: Aît Kabboura Mounia
Published: July 2024

Averroès (Ibn Rushd, 1126-1198), philosophe et magistrat, est entré en conflit avec les juristes malékites et les théologiens salafistes ach‘artites de son époque qui tenaient à la pensée traditionnaliste et littéraliste selon laquelle la vérité est explicite dans le texte révélé si bien que celui-ci ne nécessite point d’interprétation. Averroès a élaboré une nouvelle conception de la vérité dont le but était de réconcilier deux ordres différents de vérité, à savoir la révélation et la raison ou la foi et la faculté du jugement humain, ou encore la vérité par autrui au lieu de la vérité par soi-même. En approfondissant le rationalisme d’Aristote, il a mis au jour les nouvelles conditions intellectuelles dont Maïmonide, chez les Juifs, et Thomas d’Aquin, chez les catholiques, ont tiré profit pour développer de nouveaux systèmes théologiques. Toute la pensée médiévale a été marquée par la dualité révélation versus rationalité (herméneutique et philosophique), ou, en d’autres termes, par une volonté d’harmonisation du donné révélé en fonction des contraintes nécessaires de la raison. La théorie de la vérité chez Averroès est-elle en mesure de contribuer à une meilleure intégration, souple et apaisée, des musulmans dans les sociétés plurielles ? Ce texte propose d’examiner la théorie de la vérité averroècienne exposée dans Fasl al-Maqâl (Le traité décisif) et Tahâfut al tahâfut (L’incohérence de l’incohérence), et d’examiner ensuite les conditions d’abandon de cette théorie dans l’épistémè islamique post-averroecien qui n’a gardé que la seule et unique vérité de la révélation. La conception de la vérité chez Averroès est, dans ses fondements, une philosophie de la reconnaissance animée par trois principes universels :
Network pharmacology approach to investigate the molecular mechanism of DLBS2411 (Cinnamomum burmannii) as a gastritis treatment
Authors: Rustan Jeni , Yulandi Adi , Tjandrawinata Raymond Rubianto
Published: July 2024

DLBS2411, a bioactive fraction of Cinnamomum burmannii, has been proven to exhibit its anti-ulcer properties through preclinical and clinical studies. However, the bioactive compounds, protein targets, and underlying molecular pathways are still poorly known. Therefore, network pharmacology was used in this study to understand the molecular mechanisms of DLBS2411 in treating gastritis. There were three stages in this investigation. First, the DLBS2411 compounds and targeted proteins associated with DLBS2411 and gastritis were gathered and examined. The subsequent stage involved constructing and analyzing the protein–protein interaction network. Then, molecular docking was employed to confirm the interaction between substances and proteins. This study found that most DLBS2411 compounds, including p-cymene, copaene, and cinnamaldehyde, were apparent in their effects on gastritis. These substances impacted several important target proteins, including PTGS1, PTGS2, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, NOS2, and ATPase H+/K+ transporting subunit alpha, which were associated with the mucosal protector and proton-pump inhibitor modes of action, consistent with earlier in vitro and in vivo studies. In addition, the molecular docking study revealed that the ligand-receptor binding activity had a good vina score, indicating stable ligand-protein complexes. Thus, it can be concluded that the proton pump inhibitor and mucosal protector were the key molecular pathways utilized by DLBS2411 to treat gastritis.
The target of rapamycin signaling pathway regulates vegetative development, aflatoxin biosynthesis, and pathogenicity in Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Li Guoqi , Cao Xiaohong , Tumukunde Elisabeth , Zeng Qianhua , Wang Shihua
Published: July 2024

The target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway is highly conserved and plays a crucial role in diverse biological processes in eukaryotes. Despite its significance, the underlying mechanism of the TOR pathway in Aspergillus flavus remains elusive. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the TOR signaling pathway in A. flavus by identifying and characterizing nine genes that encode distinct components of this pathway. The FK506-binding protein Fkbp3 and its lysine succinylation are important for aflatoxin production and rapamycin resistance. The TorA kinase plays a pivotal role in the regulation of growth, spore production, aflatoxin biosynthesis, and responses to rapamycin and cell membrane stress. As a significant downstream effector molecule of the TorA kinase, the Sch9 kinase regulates aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) synthesis, osmotic and calcium stress response in A. flavus, and this regulation is mediated through its S_TKc, S_TK_X domains, and the ATP-binding site at K340. We also showed that the Sch9 kinase may have a regulatory impact on the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signaling pathway. TapA and TipA, the other downstream components of the TorA kinase, play a significant role in regulating cell wall stress response in A. flavus. Moreover, the members of the TapA-phosphatase complexes, SitA and Ppg1, are important for various biological processes in A. flavus, including vegetative growth, sclerotia formation, AFB1 biosynthesis, and pathogenicity. We also demonstrated that SitA and Ppg1 are involved in regulating lipid droplets (LDs) biogenesis and cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling pathways. In addition, another phosphatase complex, Nem1/Spo7, plays critical roles in hyphal development, conidiation, aflatoxin production, and LDs biogenesis. Collectively, our study has provided important insight into the regulatory network of the TOR signaling pathway and has elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms of aflatoxin biosynthesis in A. flavus.
Human DDX6 regulates translation and decay of inefficiently translated mRNAs
Authors: Weber Ramona , Chang Chung-Te
Published: July 2024

Recent findings indicate that the translation elongation rate influences mRNA stability. One of the factors that has been implicated in this link between mRNA decay and translation speed is the yeast DEAD-box helicase Dhh1p. Here, we demonstrated that the human ortholog of Dhh1p, DDX6, triggers the deadenylation-dependent decay of inefficiently translated mRNAs in human cells. DDX6 interacts with the ribosome through the Phe-Asp-Phe (FDF) motif in its RecA2 domain. Furthermore, RecA2-mediated interactions and ATPase activity are both required for DDX6 to destabilize inefficiently translated mRNAs. Using ribosome profiling and RNA sequencing, we identified two classes of endogenous mRNAs that are regulated in a DDX6-dependent manner. The identified targets are either translationally regulated or regulated at the steady-state-level and either exhibit signatures of poor overall translation or of locally reduced ribosome translocation rates. Transferring the identified sequence stretches into a reporter mRNA caused translation- and DDX6-dependent degradation of the reporter mRNA. In summary, these results identify DDX6 as a crucial regulator of mRNA translation and decay triggered by slow ribosome movement and provide insights into the mechanism by which DDX6 destabilizes inefficiently translated mRNAs.
Clustered synapses develop in distinct dendritic domains in visual cortex before eye opening
Authors: Leighton Alexandra H , Cheyne Juliette E , Lohmann Christian
Published: July 2024

Synaptic inputs to cortical neurons are highly structured in adult sensory systems, such that neighboring synapses along dendrites are activated by similar stimuli. This organization of synaptic inputs, called synaptic clustering, is required for high-fidelity signal processing, and clustered synapses can already be observed before eye opening. However, how clustered inputs emerge during development is unknown. Here, we employed concurrent in vivo whole-cell patch-clamp and dendritic calcium imaging to map spontaneous synaptic inputs to dendrites of layer 2/3 neurons in the mouse primary visual cortex during the second postnatal week until eye opening. We found that the number of functional synapses and the frequency of transmission events increase several fold during this developmental period. At the beginning of the second postnatal week, synapses assemble specifically in confined dendritic segments, whereas other segments are devoid of synapses. By the end of the second postnatal week, just before eye opening, dendrites are almost entirely covered by domains of co-active synapses. Finally, co-activity with their neighbor synapses correlates with synaptic stabilization and potentiation. Thus, clustered synapses form in distinct functional domains presumably to equip dendrites with computational modules for high-capacity sensory processing when the eyes open.
Ih block reveals separation of timescales in pyloric rhythm response to temperature changes in Cancer borealis
Authors: Schapiro Kyra , Rittenberg JD , Kenngott Max , Marder Eve
Published: July 2024

Motor systems operate over a range of frequencies and relative timing (phase). We studied the role of the hyperpolarization-activated inward current (Ih) in regulating these features in the pyloric rhythm of the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the crab, Cancer borealis, as temperature was altered from 11°C to 21°C. Under control conditions, rhythm frequency increased monotonically with temperature, while the phases of the pyloric dilator (PD), lateral pyloric (LP), and pyloric (PY) neurons remained constant. Blocking Ih with cesium (Cs+) phase advanced PD offset, LP onset, and LP offset at 11°C, and the latter two further advanced as temperature increased. In Cs+ the frequency increase with temperature diminished and the Q10 of the frequency dropped from ~1.75 to ~1.35. Unexpectedly in Cs+, the frequency dynamics became non-monotonic during temperature transitions; frequency initially dropped as temperature increased, then rose once temperature stabilized, creating a characteristic ‘jag’. Interestingly, these jags persisted during temperature transitions in Cs+ when the pacemaker was isolated by picrotoxin, although the temperature-induced change in frequency recovered to control levels. Overall, these data suggest that Ih plays an important role in maintaining smooth transitory responses and persistent frequency increases by different mechanisms in the pyloric circuitry during temperature fluctuations.
Sequential replacement of PSD95 subunits in postsynaptic supercomplexes is slowest in the cortex
Authors: Morris Katie , Bulovaite Edita , Kaizuka Takeshi , Schnorrenberg Sebastian , Adams Candace T , Komiyama Noboru , Mendive-Tapia Lorena , Grant Seth GN , Horrocks Mathew H
Published: July 2024

The concept that dimeric protein complexes in synapses can sequentially replace their subunits has been a cornerstone of Francis Crick’s 1984 hypothesis, explaining how long-term memories could be maintained in the face of short protein lifetimes. However, it is unknown whether the subunits of protein complexes that mediate memory are sequentially replaced in the brain and if this process is linked to protein lifetime. We address these issues by focusing on supercomplexes assembled by the abundant postsynaptic scaffolding protein PSD95, which plays a crucial role in memory. We used single-molecule detection, super-resolution microscopy and MINFLUX to probe the molecular composition of PSD95 supercomplexes in mice carrying genetically encoded HaloTags, eGFP, and mEoS2. We found a population of PSD95-containing supercomplexes comprised of two copies of PSD95, with a dominant 12.7 nm separation. Time-stamping of PSD95 subunits in vivo revealed that each PSD95 subunit was sequentially replaced over days and weeks. Comparison of brain regions showed subunit replacement was slowest in the cortex, where PSD95 protein lifetime is longest. Our findings reveal that protein supercomplexes within the postsynaptic density can be maintained by gradual replacement of individual subunits providing a mechanism for stable maintenance of their organization. Moreover, we extend Crick’s model by suggesting that synapses with slow subunit replacement of protein supercomplexes and long-protein lifetimes are specialized for long-term memory storage and that these synapses are highly enriched in superficial layers of the cortex where long-term memories are stored.
Early-life diet does not affect preference for fish in herring gulls (Larus argentatus)
Authors: Inzani Emma , Kelley Laura , Thomas Robert , Boogert Neeltje J.
Published: July 2024

Urban populations of herring gulls (Larus argentatus) are increasing and causing human-wildlife conflict by exploiting anthropogenic resources. Gulls that breed in urban areas rely on varying amounts of terrestrial anthropogenic foods (e.g., domestic refuse, agricultural and commercial waste) to feed themselves. However, with the onset of hatching, many parent gulls switch to sourcing more marine than anthropogenic or terrestrial foods to provision their chicks. Although anthropogenic foods may meet chick calorific requirements for growth and development, some such foods (e.g., bread) may have lower levels of protein and other key nutrients compared to marine foods. However, whether this parental switch in chick diet is driven by chicks’ preference for marine foods, or whether chicks’ food preferences are shaped by the food types provisioned by their parents, remains untested. This study tests whether chick food preferences can be influenced by their provisioned diet by experimentally manipulating the ratio of time for which anthropogenic and marine foods were available (80:20 and vice versa) in the rearing diets of two treatment groups of rescued herring gull chicks. Each diet was randomly assigned to each of the 27 captive-reared chicks for the duration of the study. We tested chicks’ individual food preferences throughout their development in captivity using food arrays with four food choices (fish, cat food, mussels and brown bread). Regardless of the dietary treatment group, we found that all chicks preferred fish and almost all refused to eat most of the bread offered. Our findings suggest that early-life diet, manipulated by the ratio of time the different foods were available, did not influence gull chicks’ food preferences. Instead, chicks developed a strong and persistent preference for marine foods, which appears to match adult gulls’ dietary switch to marine foods upon chick hatching and may reinforce the provisioning of marine foods during chick development. However, whether chicks in the wild would refuse provisioned foods, and to a sufficient extent to influence parental provisioning, requires further study. Longitudinal studies of urban animal populations that track wild individuals’ food preferences and foraging specialisations throughout life are required to shed light on the development and use of anthropogenic resource exploitation.
Risk factors of bloodstream infection in erythroderma from atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and drug reactions: a retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Liufu Qian , Niu Lulu , He Shimin , Zhang Xuejiao , Chen Mukai
Published: July 2024

Background

Atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis, and drug reactions associated with erythroderma are frequently complicated by infections. However, bloodstream infection (BSI) have received less research attention.

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with BSI in patients with erythroderma.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 141 erythroderma cases. Eleven cases were identified as having BSI. Clinical records of both BSI and non-BSI groups were reviewed and compared.

Results

BSI was diagnosed in 7.80% (11/141) of erythroderma cases, with a breakdown of 7.14% in AD, 2.00% in psoriasis, and 17.14% in drug reactions. Notably, all positive skin cultures (7/7) showed bacterial isolates concordant with blood cultures. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed several significant associations with BSI, including temperature (≤36.0 or ≥38.5 °C; odds ratio (OR) = 28.06; p < 0.001), chilling (OR = 22.10; p < 0.001), kidney disease (OR = 14.64; p < 0.001), etiology of drug reactions (OR = 4.18; p = 0.03), albumin (ALB) (OR = 0.86; p < 0.01), C-reaction protein (CRP) (OR = 1.01; p = 0.02), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (OR = 1.02; p = 0.02), and procalcitonin (PCT) (OR = 1.07; p = 0.03). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated significant associations with ALB (p < 0.001; the area under curve (AUC) = 0.80), PCT (p = 0.009; AUC = 0.74), and CRP (p = 0.02; AUC = 0.71).

Conclusions

Increased awareness of BSI risk is essential in erythroderma management. Patients with specific risk factors, such as abnormal body temperature (≤36.0 or ≥38.5 °C), chilling sensations, kidney disease, a history of drug reactions, elevated CRP (≥32 mg/L), elevated PCT (≥1.00 ng/ml), and low albumin (≤31.0 g/L), require close monitoring for BSI development.
Normalmente demasiada, y a veces muy poca… protección familiar obligatoria a través de la herencia forzosa (legítima). Una apreciación crítica
Authors: Zimmermann Reinhard
Published: July 2024

A nivel comparado, el Derecho Sucesorio contempla distintos medios de pro- tección familiar obligatoria. Sin embargo, los mecanismos de herencia forzosa y porción obligatoria carecen de flexibilidad, y los sistemas altamente flexibles, presentan problemas de discrecionalidad judicial y falta de certeza. La manera menos disruptiva de lograr la protec- ción familiar obligatoria es evitando que los acreedores de deudas alimenticias pasen a una situación peor que la que tenían cuando el causante aún vivía. Así, el patrimonio del difunto debería quedar disponible para satisfacer las reclamaciones de alimentos que hayan existido antes de su muerte; permitiendo que las personas necesitadas reciban algo más que la simple porción obligatoria y, además, fortaleciendo la libertad testamentaría del causante.
Intervenções educativas para prevenção do suicídio entre adolescentes
Authors: Santos Daniela Bruno dos , Ferreira Sara Ingrid de Rezende , Solon Soraya , Bellenzani Renata , Veivenberg Carmem Gress , Giacon-Arruda Bianca Cristina Ciccone
Published: July 2024

O suicídio é um problema recorrente no Brasil e no mundo, nas últimas décadas tem se tornado alvo de pesquisas, sobretudo, em razão do aumento progressivo de casos. A nível mundial está entre as principais causas de óbito entre jovens de 15 a 29 anos. Diante disso, é importante o desenvolvimento de estudos que visem estratégias de enfrentamento dessa realidade, principalmente no ambiente escolar, o qual se apresenta como local oportuno. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo descrever o uso de intervenções educativas sobre o suicídio entre os adolescentes. Foi realizado uma revisão integrativa entre agosto e setembro de 2021, de estudos publicados nos últimos dez anos, nos idiomas inglês e português, em periódicos indexados nas bases de dados Cinahl, Pumed, Science Direct, Scopus e Web of Science. Dos resultados, retornaram um total de 13 estudos, sendo desses três por meio da retro busca, com “designer” de estudo clínico randomizado e estudo clínico não randomizado. As intervenções encontradas apresentam um destaque para o entendimento do funcionamento cognitivo do sujeito, não se propoem compreender em que condições históricas e sociais têm se produzido ideações e tentativas de suicídio, se articulam em geral com as abordagens dos fatores de risco.
Trabalho remoto docente: um estudo sob perspectiva da saúde mental do docente de ensino superior
Authors: Felix Hugo Christian de Oliveira , Almeida Renata Barreto Fernandes de , Balle Andre Raymundo
Published: July 2024

A pandemia de Covid-19 impactou profundamente a educação, com 51% dos profissionais de educação trabalhando remotamente em 2020, conforme aponta a Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD). As restrições incluíram o isolamento social, levando à adoção do ensino remoto. O estudo realizado com 95 docentes do ensino superior privado na Região Metropolitana do Recife revelou que 78% nunca haviam trabalhado remotamente antes da pandemia e 58,3% tiveram dificuldades na transição. Além disso, 35,9% dos professores enfrentaram ansiedade, com apenas 30,1% recebendo suporte emocional e 54,4% suporte tecnológico das suas instituições. A falta de suporte correlacionou-se com maiores níveis de ansiedade. A pesquisa enfatiza a necessidade de suporte organizacional para garantir a qualidade do ensino e a saúde mental dos docentes no trabalho remoto.
Processing of computer algorithms for traceability identification in scientific research
Authors: Fraga Hilda Carolina de Jesus Rios , Machado Vagner de Oliveira , Reina Julian , Santos André Lucas Coelho dos , Oliveira Bruno Santos , Souza Antonio Carlos dos Santos
Published: July 2024

Considering that scientific research is an essential part of the development of new knowledge and a multidisciplinary, time-consuming and error-prone task, it must be conducted under verifiable conditions in order to contribute to safe decision-making. The aim is to extract quality information from scientific articles automatically, presenting reliable, traceable and safe knowledge. To this end, this study investigates the perspective of identifying traceability and reproducibility patterns, using algorithmic Natural Language Processing methods, to demonstrate the identification of information contained in scientific articles, regardless of the research area. Therefore, in this work, the languages ​​Naive Bayes (NB), Cosine Similarity, Bag of Words (BOW) and Neural Networks (RN) were used for this purpose. As a result, it was possible to identify nine traceability patterns in the articles analyzed and propose an Artificial Intelligence model using algorithms with a minimum accuracy of 70%, demonstrating the traceability and reproducibility of the scientific articles analyzed.
Análise da eficiência da tramitação legislativa na Câmara dos Deputados: aplicação da teoria das filas
Authors: Vilasboas Anna Eloyr Silveira , Moreira Lucas
Published: July 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo aplicar a Teoria das Filas para analisar a tramitação de proposições na Câmara dos Deputados entre 2011 e 2021, com o intuito de identificar medidas de desempenho que possam expressar a produtividade e a operacionalidade do processo legislativo, além de propor melhorias para sua eficiência. A pesquisa utiliza uma metodologia quantitativa baseada na Teoria das Filas, avaliando o fluxo de proposições legislativas e suas respectivas etapas de tramitação. Os principais resultados indicam que a aplicação da Teoria das Filas permite uma análise detalhada do tempo de espera e do processamento das proposições, revelando pontos críticos e gargalos no processo legislativo. Além disso, a pesquisa sugere estratégias para otimizar a alocação de recursos e melhorar a eficiência do processo legislativo, contribuindo para a transparência e eficácia das atividades parlamentares. Este estudo destaca a importância da modernização e sistematização dos procedimentos legislativos para a promoção de um Estado de Direito mais eficaz e transparente.
Shaping effective public health messaging for global impact: An analysis of the media coverage of Canada’s proposed updated alcohol guidelines
Authors: Ugland Trygve , Gottin Thomas , Dubeau Chad , Paradis Catherine
Published: July 2024

Background: This paper analyses the news media coverage of Canada’s proposed updated alcohol guidelines that were submitted for public consultation in the fall of 2022.
Methods: Systematic media tracking was performed from August 29 to October 14, 2022 in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. News articles were included if they mentioned the guidelines, and they were classified as positive, negative, or neutral in tone. Different types of arguments were inductively identified and defined from the raw data.
Results: Canada’s proposed updated guidelines received substantial media attention. In total, 870 articles were identified over the nine-week period: 85 positive, 279 negative and 506 neutral articles. A clear majority of the articles were duplicates, and 65 were original (24 positive, 22 negative and 19 neutral articles). Most articles were coded for several arguments. All positive articles evoked the Scientific Argument stating that the guidelines demonstrated that alcohol was harmful and/or more harmful than previously thought. The Access to Information Argument, which highlights that people lack knowledge about the risks of alcohol and that they have the right to know, was also evoked in a majority of the positive articles. Most negative articles criticized the guidelines for overlooking the benefits of alcohol and exaggerating its risks. The Canadian proposed updated guidelines seemed to receive comparatively more attention, and a higher number of positive news articles compared to what has been observed elsewhere.
Conclusions: The paper suggests that informative guidance based on people’s right to know about the risks of alcohol rather than firm prescriptive guidelines may generate more positive coverage in the news media. Furthermore, the paper highlights the importance of public health actors adopting a strategic and coordinated knowledge translation and exchange approach to counteract the predominantly negative reception from the commercial and alcohol industry actors.
Effectiveness of Ethnopharmacological Weed Extract on Seed Yield and Quality of Vigna unguiculata L.
Authors: Nyamagoudar Anushree. S. , B. N Radha, , K Vishwanath, , Boraiah B. , M Mahesh,
Published: July 2024

Over the last couple of years, the production of cow pea has declined dramatically due to lack of quality seeds, poor germination, uneven plant stands, insect pest problems, and improper storage techniques. To ensure sustainable good crop growth and productivity, it is imperative to develop a judicious and comprehensive package of crop-specific seed management technologies, involving seed germination, vigour enhancing treatments, and seed protection treatments. A new approach to improve seed performance is to value-add plant-based extracts i.e., ethnopharmacological weed extracts at low doses, which are natural and multi-compound products. A study was carried out to explore the impact of ethnopharmacological weed extract on growth, yield and seed quality parameters of cowpea. Cowpea seeds primed with various ethnopharmacological weed extracts (Alternanthera sessilis, Cassia tora, Croton bonplondianum, Euphorbia hirta and Xanthium strumarium) with different concentrations for 8 hours. Ethnopharmacological weed extract of Alternanthera sessilis at the concentration of 0.5 % for 8 hours found superior in promoting higher plant height (28.27 cm), number of branches (15.53), pod length (19.84 cm) that resulted in higher seed yield per hectare (13.89 q) compared to control ( 23.73 cm, 10.80, 14.09 cm and 10.28 q) and higher seed quality attributes viz., seed germination (97.35%), seedling vigour index Ⅰ( 3532) and Ⅱ (6409), TDH activity (2.05), seed protein content (269.10 μg/g) and lesser electrical conductivity (218.78 μS/cm/g) and total soluble sugar content (68.24 μg/ml) compare to control (90.50 %, 2856 and 5533, 1.59 and 207.70 μg/g and 264.23 μS/cm/g and 108.14 μg/ml). The observations indicated that seeds treated Alternnathera sessilis @ 0.5% could be employed to enhance seed yield and quality of cowpea.
Bio‐Inspired Synthesis of High‐Performance Nanocomposite Catalysts for Hydrogen Oxidation
Authors: Kong Chang Sun , Zhang Hong‐Li , Somodi Ferenc , Morse Daniel E.
Published: April 2013

A biologically inspired synthesis method is presented as a new tool for the design of novel electrochemically active materials, focusing on the advantages for fuel cell development. The need for cost‐effective, high‐performance materials is driving contemporary fuel cell research, with the expectation that advances in synthetic methods will be necessary for commercialization of this energy technology. Highly active electrocatalysts for proton‐exchange‐membrane (PEM) fuel cells are being developed, by combining a kinetically controlled synthesis method of the nanocrystalline metal catalyst with the mesoscale assembly of two morphologically different carbon building blocks of the supporting matrix. These methods provide access to new combinations of porosity, conductivity and electrochemical hydrogen oxidation. The relationships between the porous morphologies of the carbon matrices, the sizes of the platinum nanocrystals and their resulting electrochemical activities are discussed, correlating these with the relevant fuel cell principles.