bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of the KRSIK motif of human angiogenin in heparin and DNA binding
Authors: Yeo Kwon Joo , Jee Jun-Goo , Park Jin-Wan , Lee Yu-Jin , Ryu Kyoung-Seok , Kwon Byoung-Mog , Jeon Young Ho , Cheong Hae-Kap
Published: August 2016

The50KRSIK54motif is the main interaction site of hAng for heparin and DNA binding, providing an insight into the potential role of the motif for the internalization and DNA binding of hAng, which is essential for the regulation of angiogenesis.
Low-temperature NOx(x = 1, 2) removal with ˙OH radicals from catalytic ozonation over a RGO–CeO2nanocomposite: the highly promotional effect of oxygen vacancies
Authors: Guo Lina , Zhong Qin , Ding Jie , Lv Zijian , Zhao Wenkai , Deng Zhiyong
Published: August 2016

CeO2grown on a reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (RGO–CeO2) was successfully synthesized by a facile alkaline hydrothermal method with the addition of ethylene glycol.
Interfacial synthesis of lollipop-like Au–polyaniline nanocomposites for catalytic applications
Authors: Jin Wen , Han Li , Han Xijiang , Zhang Bin , Xu Ping
Published: August 2016

Lollipop-like Au–PANI nanocomposites show high catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) into 4-aminophenol (4-AP) and plasmon-driven conversion of 4-aminothiophenol (4ATP) into 4,4′-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB).
Production of unburned calcium silicon filter material (UCSFM) from oyster shell and its performance investigation in an A/O integrated biological aerated filter reactor (A/O-BAF)
Authors: Feng Yan , Li Xing , Yu Yanzhen , Qi Jingyao , Jia Xinqiang , Wang Juanting , Li Xue
Published: August 2016

A considerable amount of the oyster shells as a waste product of mariculture is produced every year, which leads to a major disposal problem with coastal regions of China.
Cobalt/nitrogen co-doped porous carbon nanosheets as highly efficient catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in both basic and acidic media
Authors: Hou Zongsheng , Yang Chongqing , Zhang Wenbei , Lu Chenbao , Zhang Fan , Zhuang Xiaodong
Published: August 2016

Cobalt/nitrogen co-doped porous carbon nanosheets as highly-efficient catalysts for ORR in both basic and acidic electrolytes have been prepared by using cobalt porphyrin based conjugated microporous polymer nanosheet as a precursor.
A bottom-up strategy for exfoliation-free synthesis of soluble α-Ni(OH)2 monolayer nanosheets on a large scale
Authors: Ma Wenle , Wang Li , Xue Junying , Cui Hongtao
Published: August 2016

α-Ni(OH)2 monolayer nanosheets were successfully synthesized in pure ethanol solution with high yield using NaOH as precipitant, based on a facile one-step “bottom-up” strategy.
Study of magnetic and thermal properties of SmCrO3 polycrystallites
Authors: Gupta Preeti , Poddar Pankaj
Published: August 2016

SmCrO3 polycrystallites exhibits inverse and normal magnetocaloric effect at and around spin reorientation transition (TSR) along with normal magnetocaloric effect at Néel transition (TN).
Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of 3′-O,4′-C-methylene-linked α-l-arabinonucleosides
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Manish , Maity Jyotirmoy , Prasad Ashok K.
Published: August 2016

Biocatalytic methodology has been developed for the efficient and environment friendly synthesis of 3′-O,4′-C-methylene-linked α-l-arabinonucleosides.
Solvothermal fabrication of thin Ag nanowires assisted with AAO
Authors: Song Mingxia , He Xin , Zhang Chaozhi , Chen Mindong , Huang Caijin , Chen Fenghua , Qiu Hui
Published: August 2016

Silver nanowires were synthesized using solvothermal method assisted with AAO. AAO here is playing a role as a heterogeneous medium that can promote PVP molecules to form into one dimensional template and thus guiding the growth of Ag nanowires.
Self-assembly of the active lactone form of a camptothecin–phospholipid complex for sustained nuclear drug delivery
Authors: Fan Zhongxiong , Liu Guihua , Li Yang , Ma Jinyuan , Lin Jinyan , Guo Fuqiang , Hou Zhenqing , Xie Liya
Published: August 2016

(A) Illustration of the preparation of the CPT–SPC complex and its self-assembled nanoparticles (CPT–SPC NPs). (B) Illustration of drug delivery of the self-assembled CPT–SPC NPs.
Solid/liquid interfacial synthesis of high conductivity polyaniline
Authors: Kim Chingu , Oh Wangsuk , Park Ji-Woong
Published: August 2016

We have synthesized a high-conductivity polyaniline with few structural defects and highly ordered crystalline structures by solid/liquid interfacial polymerization.
Flow trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds by Ruppert–Prakash reagent and its application for pharmaceuticals, efavirenz and HSD-016
Authors: Okusu Satoshi , Hirano Kazuki , Yasuda Yoshimasa , Tokunaga Etsuko , Shibata Norio
Published: August 2016

Flow trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds using the Ruppert–Prakash reagent, Me3SiCF3 is disclosed including enantioselective trifluoromethylation. Synthesis of pharmaceuticals, efavirenz and HSD-016 were achieved by this flow method.
Surface polymerization of perfluorosilane treatments on paper mitigates HF production upon incineration
Authors: Oyola-Reynoso Stephanie , Chen Jiahao , Chang Boyce S. , Bloch Jean-Francis , Thuo Martin M.
Published: August 2016

Burning perfluoro trichlorosilanes (RF) treated paper leads to depolymerization of the crosslinked polysilane, distilling off liquid RF and emitting CO2 and H2O as the only gaseous products.
Optical control of AMPA receptors using a photoswitchable quinoxaline-2,3-dione antagonist
Authors: Barber David M. , Liu Shu-An , Gottschling Kevin , Sumser Martin , Hollmann Michael , Trauner Dirk
Published: August 2016

We have developed the first photoswitchable AMPA receptor antagonist, termedShuBQX-3. It permits the precise optical control of AMPA receptors and exhibits a remarkable red-shifting of its photoswitching properties when bound to the receptor.
Carbon dots with tunable concentrations of trapped anti-oxidant as an efficient metal-free catalyst for electrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Datta Abheek , Kapri Sutanu , Bhattacharyya Sayan
Published: August 2016

Carbon dots, containing keto-groups as active sites and the highest abundance of an anti-oxidant, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde, efficiently catalyse oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline medium and generate 10 mA cm−2at 0.21 V overpotential..
Highly efficient NIR to NIR upconversion of ZnMoO4:Tm3+,Yb3+ phosphors and their application in biological imaging of deep tumors
Authors: Luitel Hom Nath , Chand Rumi , Hamajima Hiroshi , Gaihre Yuba Raj , Shingae Takahito , Yanagita Teruyoshi , Watari Takanori
Published: August 2016

In vivo imaging of deep tumor in nude-mice was successfully demonstrated using highly efficient ZnMoO4:Tm3+,Yb3+,K+ nano-phosphors and an 810 nm NIR laser.
Antibacterial surfaces based on poly(cationic liquid) brushes: switchability between killing and releasing via anion counterion switching
Authors: Dong Yi-Shi , Xiong Xin-Hong , Lu Xiao-Wen , Wu Zhao-Qiang , Chen Hong
Published: August 2016

We demonstrated a “smart” antibacterial surface with the ability to kill and release bacteria over multiple cycles through simple exchange of anionic counterions.
Rapid dielectric bistable switching materials without a time/temperature responsive blind area in the linarite-like type molecular large-size single crystals
Authors: Chen Cheng , Zhang Wan-Ying , Ye Heng-Yun , Ye Qiong , Fu Da-Wei
Published: August 2016

A large-size crystal (1) exhibits a relatively more rapid electrical response compared with common phase transition materials (response time/temperature t ≫ 0 s).
UV irradiation induced reversible graphene band gap behaviors
Authors: Xu Zhemi , Ao Zhimin , Chu Dewei , Li Sean
Published: August 2016

Both experiments and DFT calculations show UV irradiation can tune the band gap of graphene. Most importantly, such a band gap transition is reversible and can be controlled by the alternative treatment of UV irradiation and dark storage.
Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) attenuates methylmercury-induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Arantes Leticia Priscilla , Peres Tanara Vieira , Chen Pan , Caito Samuel William , Aschner Michael , Soares Félix Alexandre Antunes
Published: August 2016

The influence of routine guarana (Paullinia cupana) consumption on apparent tolerance to mercury intoxication has been proposed.
Lagrange multiplier‐based error compensation of heterodyne interferometer
Authors: Lee K. , Pyo Y. , You K.
Published: August 2016

The heterodyne laser interferometer is an ultra‐precise measurement apparatus. However, its susceptibility to environmental error is an obstacle to improve its nanometre‐scale measurement accuracy. To minimise the environmental error factor, a compensation algorithm using a Lagrange multiplier method is proposed. The improved accuracy of the proposed method was verified by means of experiments using nanometre‐scale measurements of a capacitive displacement sensor.
Soft‐switching single‐stage three‐level power amplifier for high‐voltage audio distribution systems
Authors: Guo Shilin , Su Jianhui , Chen Xuejian , Yu Xiang
Published: August 2016

An isolated fully soft‐switching single‐stage three‐level power amplifier (SS3L) based on dual auxiliary networks (DAN) is proposed in this Letter. Compared with the conventional class‐D power amplifier, the proposed DAN‐SS3L achieves high level of integration without bulky dc link capacitor, and high‐efficiency by single‐stage conversion and zero voltage switching for all the switches under different operating conditions from light load to full load, which is suitable for high‐voltage audio distribution systems. By adopting active auxiliary network, the energy stored in the leakage inductor can be recycled, which eliminates the pulse width modulation voltage spikes. The passive auxiliary network provides enough reactive current for primary‐side switches, extending soft‐switching range. In addition, commutation overlap strategy is employed to enable natural commutation of bidirectional switches. Experimental results of a 200 W prototype are presented to verify the analysis results.
High frequency characterisation of wood‐fill PLA for antenna additive manufacturing application
Authors: Mirzaee M. , Noghanian S.
Published: August 2016

High‐frequency characterisation of the wood‐fill filament for three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology and its feasibility in small‐size antenna manufacturing based on additive manufacturing (AM) technology is focused. A Keysight 85070E high performance dielectric probe was utilised to characterise the wood‐fill material for a wide frequency range. The real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivity for the various 3D printed samples were measured from 20 MHz to 20 GHz, and the corresponding loss tangent was calculated accordingly. A dipole antenna embedded on the wood‐fill 3D printed substrate was designed, simulated, and fabricated at the centre frequency of 2.4 GHz. Three different conductive materials were utilised for the conductor part of the antenna.
Bi‐frequency control for LLC resonant converter with fast transient response
Authors: Zhong Shu , Xu Jianping , Zhao Sheng , Zhou Xiang
Published: August 2016

Bi‐frequency (BF) control for LLC resonant converter is proposed and studied. Compared with conventional voltage mode control of LLC resonant converter, which realises output voltage regulation by adjusting control pulse frequency cycle by cycle, BF control of LLC resonant converter realises its output voltage regulation by adjusting the combination of two preset control pulses with 50% duty ratio and different switching frequencies. BF controlled LLC resonant converter benefits from simple controller design and fast transient response. A 130 W prototype is presented to verify the analysis results of BF control method.
Approximate controllability of infinite dimensional system with internal damping dependent on fractional powers of system operator
Authors: Wyrwał Janusz
Published: August 2016

In this study, a class of models governed by a second‐order (in time) evolution differential equation with damping and positive definite, self‐adjoint system operator is studied. Damping term has a special, but practically important, form of a finite sum of fractional powers of the system operator. This type of damping operator can be used to model a variety of physical phenomena related to dissipation of energy empirically observed in physical systems. It may be used to model dissipation mechanisms resulting from air damping, internal structural damping, internal viscous damping, etc. Using spectral theory of linear unbounded operators and semi‐group theory necessary and sufficient conditions of approximate controllability for second order infinite dimensional system with damping are formulated and proved. Some important, from the practical point of view, remarks and comments are also provided. In particular, necessary condition for approximate controllability is formulated and discussed. Finally, an illustrative example related to approximate controllability of distributed parameter system described by the partial differential equation with higher order spatial differential operators is presented. The example refers to a system describing dynamical behaviour of damped Kirchhoff–Love plate. The study extends earlier results on approximate controllability of damped second‐order abstract evolution dynamical systems.
Towards a fully integrated market for demand response, energy and reserves
Authors: Saebi Javad , Nguyen Duy Thanh , Javidi Mohammad Hossein
Published: August 2016

There is a trend for demand response (DR) market as a dedicated competitive environment for trading DR. In this market, aggregators participate as DR providers, while system operator, retailers and distributors are the DR buyers. Scheduling DR through the DR markets leads to a fair allocation of the benefits and payments across all participants. However, the integration of the DR markets into the existing power markets leads to technical and economic challenges. Those challenges associated with the integration of the DR markets into the energy/reserve markets are addressed in this study. To clear the DR markets jointly with the energy/reserve market, a bilevel approach is proposed in which the upper level belongs to energy/reserve market problem and the lower level includes DR market clearance. The proposed bilevel programming problem is then recast as a mixed‐integer linear programming problem which can be solved using commercially available software. Finally, numerical results are provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach, demonstrating it brings about lower reserve price and higher social welfare compared with the existing markets.
Operation window constrained strategic energy management of microgrid with electric vehicle and distributed resources
Authors: Panwar Lokesh Kumar , Konda Srikanth Reddy , Verma Ashu , Panigrahi Bijaya Ketan , Kumar Rajesh
Published: August 2016

In this study, an operation window constrained strategic energy management (OWCSEM) for microgrid operational scheduling is examined. The scheduling problem is formulated as cost minimisation/benefit maximisation of distribution resources. The scheduling operation of distributed resources is evaluated for various perspectives such as customer driven, micro grid operator (MGO) driven and MGO driven with utility constraints. The MGO driven scheduling operation considers the distribution network loss minimisation in addition to economic benefits of distributed resources. The loss estimation of distributed network/microgrid is performed using forward‐backward sweep algorithm, considering the ill‐natured radial network. Thereafter, the optimisation is performed using modified gradient‐based search method, considering the linear nature of the problem. The simulation results are presented and discussed for the three scheduling scenarios proposed under operation window constraints. The customer driven scheduling of distributed resources resulted in highest profit among all the scheduling alternatives. On the other hand, the MGO driven scheduling horizon resulted in lower line loss cost component at a compromise of distribution resource benefit. The utility constrained MGO driven scheduling objective attained a compromise solution in terms of loss component and customer benefit. Thus, it is identified as best practice for overall welfare maximisation of microgrid/distribution network.
Formulation of phasor unbalance power: application to sinusoidal power systems
Authors: Diez José M. , Blasco Pedro A. , Montoya Rafael
Published: August 2016

Imbalances significantly reduce the efficiency of electric power systems. There are several negative effects of these phenomena, and they have been extensively studied within the scientific community. The accurate determination and measurement of the unbalance power at any point in a power system aids in the elimination of such type of not useful energies. In this study, a new formulation of the phasors of unbalance power in electric systems is presented. The phasors caused by the unbalance current and unbalance voltage are deduced from the expressions of instantaneous power. From them, the total phasor of unbalance power in the system is proposed. To demonstrate the validity of the proposed formulation, a four‐wire system formed by two nodes is used.
Optimisation for unit restarting sequence considering decreasing trend of unit start‐up efficiency after a power system blackout
Authors: Gu Xueping , Liu Wenxuan , Sun Cong
Published: August 2016

The unit start‐up efficiency, which has a great effect on unit start‐up time and rapidity of connecting to the grid, will decline with time elapse after outages. In this context, an optimisation method for unit restarting sequence is proposed in this study. The temperature of steam‐turbine cylinder is selected as an index to indicate the unit status. According to diverse temperature drop trend of steam‐turbine cylinders with time, a fuzzy membership function is designed to describe the start‐up time of unit in different status, and the time of unit's start‐up is estimated. The sum of the equivalent ramp rates for restorable units is employed as the optimisation objective. Based on the average attenuation rate of unit start‐up efficiency, a ranking principle is defined to select the units to be recovered in each time stage. The optimisation model of unit restoration sequence is established, and the multiple population genetic algorithm is employed to obtain the optimal unit restoration sequence. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by the optimisation results on the New England 10‐unit 39‐bus power system and the southern power system of Hebei in China.
Single‐image super resolution using evolutionary sparse coding technique
Authors: Ahmadi Kaveh , Salari Ezzatollah
Published: August 2016

Sparse coding (SC) has recently become a widely used tool in signal and image processing. The sparse linear combination of elements from an appropriately chosen over‐complete dictionary can represent many signal patches. SC applications have been explored in many fields such as image super resolution (SR), image‐feature extraction, image reconstruction, and segmentation. In most of these applications, learning‐based SC has provided an excellent image quality. SC involves two steps: dictionary construction and searching the dictionary using quadratic programming. This study focuses on the searching step and a new adaptive variation of genetic algorithm is proposed to search and find the optimum closest match in the dictionary. Also, inspired by the proposed evolutionary SC (ESC), a single‐image SR algorithm is proposed. A sparse representation for each patch of the low‐resolution input image is obtained by ESC and it is used to generate the high‐resolution output image. Experimental results show that the proposed ESC‐based method would lead to a better SR image quality.
Fault‐tolerant control for a dual‐PMSM drive system
Authors: Tseng Shao‐Kai , Liu Tian‐Hua , Hsu Jing‐Wei , Ramelan Luiz R. , Firmansyah Eka
Published: August 2016

In this study, the reliability improvement of a dual‐permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system is achieved via fault‐detection and the real‐time adjustment of the current commands and switching states for a faulty PMSM drive. The proposed method provides a simple fault‐tolerant control of a dual‐PMSM drive system that adds only three extra high‐speed fuses. One power device fault, which includes a short‐circuit fault or an open‐circuit fault, is investigated. By using the proposed fault‐tolerant control method, the dual‐PMSM drive can maintain at the same speed though one power device in the upper leg or lower leg of the inverter is open circuited or short circuited. The control algorithm is implemented by using two TMS320F2808 digital signal processors. Several experimental results show the validity and feasibility of the proposed method. The proposed method can be used for high‐reliability applications such as electric vehicles and electric propulsion systems.
High‐frequency vibration characteristic of Pb0.97La0.02(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 anti‐ferroelectric thick films cantilever
Authors: An Kun , Zhang Hui , Chou Xiujian , Xue Chenyang , Zhang Wendong
Published: August 2016

A Pb0.97La0.02(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 anti‐ferroelectric thick‐film micro‐cantilever applying micro‐machining technology based silicon was designed and fabricated to meet the requirements of high‐frequency vibration energy application. The anti‐ferroelectric cantilevers showed the high‐frequency vibration characteristics with the strain generated due to the anti‐ferroelectric–ferroelectric transformation. The maximum vibration velocity and displacement of the cantilever tip of 600 μm (L) × 60 μm (W) × 10 μm (H) were 4.22 m/s and 23.5 μm. The first response frequency was up to 28.6 kHz at 42 V transitions voltage induced when the anti‐ferroelectric material layer was strained, significantly larger than the typical piezoelectric cantilevers. The five‐size different cantilevers fabricated in one chip had mostly the same sharp voltage, owing to the same thickness of anti‐ferroelectric material layer. The vibration frequency increased with the decrease of the cantilever length, while the vibration velocity and displacement had the opposite trends. It can be seen that the silicon‐based anti‐ferroelectric cantilever with a high vibration frequency shows a more incomparable vibration than other cantilevers of other materials, which can be regarded as a new direction for micro‐electro‐mechanical system vibration devices.
Microfabricated electrochemical gas sensor
Authors: Gross Pierre‐Alexandre , Larsen Tom , Loizeau Frédéric , Jaramillo Thomas , Spitzer Denis , Pruitt Beth
Published: August 2016

The fabrication and working principle of an electrochemical gas sensor for direct gas phase detection of organic molecules is presented. The sensor is composed of two Pt electrodes where redox reactions can occur, and an ion exchange membrane to conduct H+ from an electrode to the other. As proton exchange membrane they used a spin‐coated Nafion® layer. An underlying SU‐8 layer assures a double role of adhesion of the Nafion to the substrate and water reservoir to limit dehydration of the Nafion. The sensor is characterised for its electrochemical properties and tested for the detection of CO as model pollutant. The detection tests are performed in the form of cyclic voltammetry, and show that the sensor can detect the gas at the applied voltage corresponding to the oxidation potential of CO into CO2.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Twelfth data release
Authors: Pâris Isabelle , Petitjean Patrick , Ross Nicholas P. , Myers Adam D. , Aubourg Éric , Streblyanska Alina , Bailey Stephen , Armengaud Éric , Palanque-Delabrouille Nathalie , Yèche Christophe , Hamann Fred , Strauss Michael A. , Albareti Franco D. , Bovy Jo , Bizyaev Dmitry , Niel Brandt W. , Brusa Marcella , Buchner Johannes , Comparat Johan , Croft Rupert A. C. , Dwelly Tom , Fan Xiaohui , Font-Ribera Andreu , Ge Jian , Georgakakis Antonis , Hall Patrick B. , Jiang Linhua , Kinemuchi Karen , Malanushenko Elena , Malanushenko Viktor , McMahon Richard G. , Menzel Marie-Luise , Merloni Andrea , Nandra Kirpal , Noterdaeme Pasquier , Oravetz Daniel , Pan Kaike , Pieri Matthew M. , Prada Francisco , Salvato Mara , Schlegel David J. , Schneider Donald P. , Simmons Audrey , Viel Matteo , Weinberg David H. , Zhu Liu
Published: August 2016

We present the Data Release 12 Quasar catalog (DR12Q) from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. This catalog includes all SDSS-III/BOSS objects that were spectroscopically targeted as quasar candidates during the full survey and that are confirmed as quasars via visual inspection of the spectra, have luminosities Mi [z = 2] < −20.5 (in a ΛCDM cosmology with H0 = 70 km s-1 Mpc-1, ΩM = 0.3, and ΩΛ = 0.7), and either display at least one emission line with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) larger than 500 km s-1 or, if not, have interesting/complex absorption features. The catalog also includes previously known quasars (mostly from SDSS-I and II) that were reobserved by BOSS. The catalog contains 297 301 quasars (272 026 are new discoveries since the beginning of SDSS-III) detected over 9376 deg2 with robust identification and redshift measured by a combination of principal component eigenspectra. The number of quasars with z > 2.15 (184 101, of which 167 742 are new discoveries) is about an order of magnitude greater than the number of z > 2.15 quasars known prior to BOSS. Redshifts and FWHMs are provided for the strongest emission lines (C iv, C iii], Mg ii). The catalog identifies 29 580 broad absorption line quasars and lists their characteristics. For each object, the catalog presents five-band (u, g, r, i, z) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag together with some information on the optical morphology and the selection criteria. When available, the catalog also provides information on the optical variability of quasars using SDSS and Palomar Transient Factory multi-epoch photometry. The catalog also contains X-ray, ultraviolet, near-infrared, and radio emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra, covering the wavelength region 3600–10 500 Å at a spectral resolution in the range 1300 < R < 2500, can be retrieved from the SDSS Catalog Archive Server. We also provide a supplemental list of an additional 4841 quasars that have been identified serendipitously outside of the superset defined to derive the main quasar catalog.
Adaptive neural network backstepping control for a class of uncertain fractional-order chaotic systems with unknown backlash-like hysteresis
Authors: Wu Yimin , Lv Hui
Published: August 2016

In this paper, we consider the control problem of a class of uncertain fractional-order chaotic systems preceded by unknown backlash-like hysteresis nonlinearities based on backstepping control algorithm. We model the hysteresis by using a differential equation. Based on the fractional Lyapunov stability criterion and the backstepping algorithm procedures, an adaptive neural network controller is driven. No knowledge of the upper bound of the disturbance and system uncertainty is required in our controller, and the asymptotical convergence of the tracking error can be guaranteed. Finally, we give two simulation examples to confirm our theoretical results.
Penning trap with an inclined magnetic field
Authors: Yaremko Yurij , Przybylska Maria , Maciejewski Andrzej J.
Published: August 2016

A modified Penning trap with a spatially uniform magnetic field B inclined with respect to the axis of rotational symmetry of the electrodes is considered. The inclination angle can be arbitrary. Canonical transformation of phase variables transforming the Hamiltonian of the considered system into a sum of three uncoupled harmonic oscillators is found. We determine the region of stability in space of two parameters controlling the dynamics: the trapping parameter κ and the squared sine of the inclination angle ϑ0. If the angle ϑ0 is smaller than 54°, a charge occupies a finite spatial volume within the processing chamber. A rigid hierarchy of trapping frequencies is broken if B is inclined at the critical angle: the magnetron frequency reaches the modified cyclotron frequency while the axial frequency exceeds them. Apart from this resonance, we reveal the family of resonant curves in the region of stability. In the relativistic regime, the system is not linear. We show that it is not integrable in the Liouville sense. The averaging over the fast variable allows to reduce the system to two degrees of freedom. An analysis of the Poincaré cross-sections of the averaged systems shows the regions of effective stability of the trap.
First-principles study of graphene under c-HfO2(111) layers: Electronic structures and transport properties
Authors: Kaneko Tomoaki , Ohno Takahisa
Published: August 2016

We investigated the electronic properties, stability, and transport of graphene under c-HfO2(111) layers by performing first-principles calculations with special attention to the chemical bonding between graphene and HfO2 surfaces. When the interface of HfO2/graphene is terminated by an O layer, the linear dispersion of graphene is preserved and the degradation of transport is suppressed. For other interface structures, HfO2 is tightly adsorbed on graphene and the transport is strictly limited. In terms of the stability of the interface structures, an O-terminated interface is preferable, which is achieved under an O-deficient condition.
Quantization of the nonlinear sigma model revisited
Authors: Nguyen Timothy
Published: August 2016

We revisit the subject of perturbatively quantizing the nonlinear sigma model in two dimensions from a rigorous, mathematical point of view. Our main contribution is to make precise the cohomological problem of eliminating potential anomalies that may arise when trying to preserve symmetries under quantization. The symmetries we consider are twofold: (i) diffeomorphism covariance for a general target manifold; (ii) a transitive group of isometries when the target manifold is a homogeneous space. We show that there are no anomalies in case (i) and that (ii) is also anomaly-free under additional assumptions on the target homogeneous space, in agreement with the work of Friedan. We carry out some explicit computations for the O(N)-model. Finally, we show how a suitable notion of the renormalization group establishes the Ricci flow as the one loop renormalization group flow of the nonlinear sigma model.
Condensed phase QM/MM simulations utilizing the exchange core functions to describe exchange repulsions at the QM boundary region
Authors: Umino Satoru , Takahashi Hideaki , Morita Akihiro
Published: August 2016

In a recent work, we developed a method [H. Takahashi et al., J. Chem. Phys. 143, 084104 (2015)] referred to as exchange-core function (ECF) approach, to compute exchange repulsion Eex between solute and solvent in the framework of the quantum mechanical (QM)/molecular mechanical (MM) method. The ECF, represented with a Slater function, plays an essential role in determining Eex on the basis of the overlap model. In the work of Takahashi et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 143, 084104 (2015)], it was demonstrated that our approach is successful in computing the hydrogen bond energies of minimal QM/MM systems including a cationic QM solute. We provide in this paper the extension of the ECF approach to the free energy calculation in condensed phase QM/MM systems by combining the ECF and the QM/MM-ER approach [H. Takahashi et al., J. Chem. Phys. 121, 3989 (2004)]. By virtue of the theory of solutions in energy representation, the free energy contribution δμex from the exchange repulsion was naturally formulated. We found that the ECF approach in combination with QM/MM-ER gives a substantial improvement on the calculation of the hydration free energy of a hydronium ion. This can be attributed to the fact that the ECF reasonably realizes the contraction of the electron density of the cation due to the deficit of an electron.
On Lorentz invariants in relativistic magnetic reconnection
Authors: Yang Shu-Di , Wang Xiao-Gang
Published: August 2016

Lorentz invariants whose nonrelativistic correspondences play important roles in magnetic reconnection are discussed in this paper. Particularly, the relativistic invariant of the magnetic reconnection rate is defined and investigated in a covariant two-fluid model. Certain Lorentz covariant representations for energy conversion and magnetic structures in reconnection processes are also investigated. Furthermore, relativistic measures for topological features of reconnection sites, particularly magnetic nulls and separatrices, are analyzed.
Decoding quantum information via the Petz recovery map
Authors: Beigi Salman , Datta Nilanjana , Leditzky Felix
Published: August 2016

We obtain a lower bound on the maximum number of qubits, Qn, ε(N), which can be transmitted over n uses of a quantum channel N, for a given non-zero error threshold ε. To obtain our result, we first derive a bound on the one-shot entanglement transmission capacity of the channel, and then compute its asymptotic expansion up to the second order. In our method to prove this achievability bound, the decoding map, used by the receiver on the output of the channel, is chosen to be the Petz recovery map (also known as the transpose channel). Our result, in particular, shows that this choice of the decoder can be used to establish the coherent information as an achievable rate for quantum information transmission. Applying our achievability bound to the 50-50 erasure channel (which has zero quantum capacity), we find that there is a sharp error threshold above which Qn, ε(N) scales as n.
Primary and secondary creep in aluminum alloys as a solid state transformation
Authors: Fernández R. , Bruno G. , González-Doncel G.
Published: August 2016

Despite the massive literature and the efforts devoted to understand the creep behavior of aluminum alloys, a full description of this phenomenon on the basis of microstructural parameters and experimental conditions is, at present, still missing. The analysis of creep is typically carried out in terms of the so-called steady or secondary creep regime. The present work offers an alternative view of the creep behavior based on the Orowan dislocation dynamics. Our approach considers primary and secondary creep together as solid state isothermal transformations, similar to recrystallization or precipitation phenomena. In this frame, it is shown that the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov equation, typically used to analyze these transformations, can also be employed to explain creep deformation. The description is fully compatible with present (empirical) models of steady state creep. We used creep curves of commercially pure Al and ingot AA6061 alloy at different temperatures and stresses to validate the proposed model.
(Sr1-xNax)(Cd1-xMnx)2As2: A new charge and spin doping decoupled diluted magnetic semiconductors with CaAl2Si2-type structure
Authors: Chen Bijuan , Deng Zheng , Li Wenmin , Gao Moran , Li Zhi , Zhao Guoqiang , Yu Shuang , Wang Xiancheng , Liu Qingqing , Jin Changqing
Published: August 2016

We report the synthesis and characterization of a new bulk diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor via Na and Mn co-doping in SrCd2As2 with a hexagonal CaAl2Si2-type structure. Together with carrier doping via (Sr,Na) substitution, spin doping via (Cd,Mn) substitution results in ferromagnetic order with Curie temperature of TC up to 13 K. Negative magnetoresistance is assigned to weak localization at low temperatures, where the magnetization of samples becomes saturated. The hexagonal structure of (Sr1−xNax)(Cd1−xMnx)2As2 can be acted as a promising candidate for spin manipulations owing to its relatively small coercive field of less than 24 Oe.
Strong magnetoelectric and spin phonon coupling in SmFeO3/PMN-PT composite
Authors: Ahlawat Anju , Satapathy S. , Sathe V. G. , Choudhary R. J. , Gupta P. K.
Published: August 2016

We have investigated spin phonon coupling in the strain coupled magnetoelectric SmFeO3/0.65Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.35PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) composite in the temperature range of 300–650 K by Raman spectroscopy and magnetic measurements. The SmFeO3/PMN-PT composite shows sharp rise in magnetic moment across ferroelectric transition temperature (Tc) of PMN-PT. Around this transition temperature (Tc of PMN-PT), the temperature evolution of Raman spectra of the composite also shows anomalies in the phonon frequencies and line width corresponding to the SmFeO3 phase which indicate structural modifications in the SmFeO3 phase around Tc of PMN-PT. The observed structural, magnetic, and phonon anomalies of SmFeO3 around Tc of PMN-PT in SmFeO3/PMN-PT are attributed to spin-phonon coupling providing evidence of strong strain mediated magnetoelectric effects.
Note: A versatile radio-frequency source for cold atom experiments
Authors: Li Na , Wu Yu-Ping , Min Hao , Yang Tao , Jiang Xiao
Published: August 2016

A radio-frequency (RF) source designed for cold atom experiments is presented. The source uses AD9858, a direct digital synthesizer, to generate the sine wave directly, up to 400 MHz, with sub-Hz resolution. An amplitude control circuit consisting of wideband variable gain amplifier and high speed digital to analog converter is integrated into the source, capable of 70 dB off isolation and 4 ns on-off keying. A field programmable gate array is used to implement a versatile frequency and amplitude co-sweep logic. Owing to modular design, the RF sources have been used on many cold atom experiments to generate various complicated RF sequences, enriching the operation schemes of cold atoms, which cannot be done by standard RF source instruments.
In situ neutron scattering study of nanoscale phase evolution in PbTe-PbS thermoelectric material
Authors: Ren Fei , Schmidt Robert , Keum Jong K. , Qian Bosen , Case Eldon D. , Littrell Ken C. , An Ke
Published: August 2016

Introducing nanostructural second phases has proved to be an effective approach to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity and thus enhances the figure of merit for many thermoelectric materials. Studies of the formation and evolution of these second phases are essential to understanding material temperature dependent behaviors, improving thermal stabilities, as well as designing new materials. In this study, powder samples of the PbTe-PbS thermoelectric material were examined using in situ neutron diffraction and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques between room temperature and elevated temperature up to 663 K, to explore quantitative information on the structure, weight fraction, and size of the second phase. Neutron diffraction data showed that the as-milled powder was primarily a solid solution prior to heat treatment. During heating, a PbS second phase precipitated out of the PbTe matrix around 500 K, while re-dissolution started around 600 K. The second phase remained separated from the matrix upon cooling. Furthermore, SANS data indicated that there are two populations of nanostructures. The size of the smaller nanostructure increased from initially 5 nm to approximately 25 nm after annealing at 650 K, while the size of the larger one remained unchanged. This study demonstrated that in situ neutron techniques are effective means to obtain quantitative information on temperature-dependent nanostructural behavior of thermoelectrics and likely other high-temperature materials.
Thermal depth profiling of materials for defect detection using hot disk technique
Authors: Mihiretie B. M. , Cederkrantz D. , Sundin M. , Rosén A. , Otterberg H. , Hinton Å. , Berg B. , Karlsteen M.
Published: August 2016

A novel application of the hot disk transient plane source technique is described. The new application yields the thermal conductivity of materials as a function of the thermal penetration depth which opens up opportunities in nondestructive testing of inhomogeneous materials. The system uses the hot disk sensor placed on the material surface to create a time varying temperature field. The thermal conductivity is then deduced from temperature evolution of the sensor, whereas the probing depth (the distance the heat front advanced away from the source) is related to the product of measurement time and thermal diffusivity. The presence of inhomogeneity in the structure is manifested in thermal conductivity versus probing depth plot. Such a plot for homogeneous materials provides fairly constant value. The deviation from the homogeneous curve caused by defects in the structure is used for inhomogeneity detection. The size and location of the defect in the structure determines the sensitivity and possibility of detection. In addition, a complementary finite element numerical simulation through COMSOL Multiphysics is employed to solve the heat transfer equation. Temperature field profile of a model material is obtained from these simulations. The average rise in temperature of the heat source is calculated and used to demonstrate the effect of the presence of inhomogeneity in the system.
Effects of wet feeding and enzyme supplementation on nutritional value of wheat screenings for broiler chickens
Authors: Sadeghi Ghorbanali , Karimi Ahmad , Mohammadi Soosan , Vaziry Asaad , Habibian Mahmood
Published: August 2016

The effects of wet feeding and a multi-enzyme preparation on the nutritional value of wheat screenings (WS) for broiler chicks were investigated. In total, 540 1-day-old Ross-308 broiler chicks were fed a corn–soybean meal-based diet up to 29 days of age. At that time, the birds were randomly assigned to nine diets in a completely randomised design with a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement, including three levels of WS (0%, 25% and 50%, WS0, WS25 and WS50 respectively) and three processing methods (no processing, enzyme supplementation and wet feeding). The enzyme mixture contained endo-1, 4-β-xylanase (200 FXU/g), endo-1, 4-β-glucanase (50 FBG/g), endo-1, 8-β-glucanase (21 FBG/g), hemicellulase (3000 VHCU/g), α-galactosidase (3 GALU/g) and protease (260 U/g) and was supplemented at a level of 6 g/kg of diet. The inclusion of water in wet diets was in the extent of 1.2 kg/kg of diet. During the period from 29 to 49 days of age, feed intake was not affected (P > 0.05) by the inclusion of WS in the diet, whereas chicks fed the WS25 diet had a higher (P < 0.05) bodyweight gain than did those on WS0 diet. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was improved (P < 0.05) by the inclusion of WS in the diet throughout the study. The feed intake was increased (P < 0.05) by enzyme supplementation to WS50 diet, while bodyweight gain was increased (P < 0.05) by wet feeding. Enzyme supplementation did not affect (P > 0.05) FCR, whereas wet feeding resulted in lower (P < 0.05) FCR over the entire study. The plasma concentration of glucose was increased (P < 0.05) by the inclusion of WS in the diet. The viscosity of the ileal digesta was higher (P < 0.05) in chicks receiving the WS50 diet than that in chicks receiving the other diets. The jejunal villus height was increased (P < 0.05) and the jejunal crypt depth was decreased (P < 0.05) by the inclusion of WS in diet. The jejunal crypt depth was greater (P < 0.05) in chicks receiving the wet diets than in chicks receiving the enzyme-supplemented diets (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the results from the present study indicated that broiler growth performance was improved by the inclusion of WS in the diet and also by wet feeding. These effects were largely compatible with the changes that occurred in the small intestine morphology, but not with those observed for ileal digesta viscosity.
Berry quality and antioxidant properties in Vitis vinifera cv. Tempranillo as affected by clonal variability, mycorrhizal inoculation and temperature
Authors: Torres Nazareth , Goicoechea Nieves , Morales Fermín , Antolín M. Carmen
Published: August 2016

The projected increase in mean temperatures caused by climate change is expected to have detrimental impacts on berry quality. Microorganisms as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) produce numerous benefits to host plants and can help plants to cope with abiotic stresses such as high temperature. The aims of this research were to characterise the response of three clones of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo to elevated temperatures and to determine whether AMF inoculation can improve berry antioxidant properties under these conditions. The study was carried out on three fruit-bearing cuttings clones of cv. Tempranillo (CL-260, CL-1048 and CL-1089) inoculated with AMF or uninoculated and subjected to two temperature regimes (day–night: 24°C−14°C and 28°C−18°C) during berry ripening. Results showed that clonal diversity of Tempranillo resulted in different abilities to respond to elevated temperature and AMF inoculation. In CL-1048, AMF inoculation improved parameters related to phenolic maturity such as anthocyanin content and increased antioxidant activity under elevated temperature, demonstrating a protective role of AMF inoculation against warming effects on berry quality. The results therefore suggest that selection of new clones and/or the implementation of measures to promote the association of grapevines with AMF could be strategies to improve berry antioxidant properties under future warming conditions.
Chronic rhinosinusitis: a microbiome in dysbiosis and the search for alternative treatment options
Authors: Bordin Amanda , Sidjabat Hanna E , Cottrell Kyra , Cervin Anders
Published: August 2016

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common chronic disease. While CRS is a multifactorial disease, many cases involve an imbalance in the sinus bacterial microbiome. This article reviews the composition of the healthy human sinus microbiome compared to the microbiome of CRS patients. Issues with current treatment options, particularly antibiotics, are discussed. Insights into the future of CRS treatment are also explored, principally with regards to probiotics.
The price of complexity in financial networks
Authors: Battiston Stefano , Caldarelli Guido , May Robert M. , Roukny Tarik , Stiglitz Joseph E.
Published: August 2016

Significance

Estimating systemic risk in networks of financial institutions represents, today, a major challenge in both science and financial policy making. This work shows how the increasing complexity of the network of contracts among institutions comes with the price of increasing inaccuracy in the estimation of systemic risk. The paper offers a quantitative method to estimate systemic risk and its accuracy.
Protein kinase CK2 governs the molecular decision between encephalitogenic T
H
17 cell and T
reg
cell development
Authors: Ulges Alexander , Witsch Esther J. , Pramanik Gautam , Klein Matthias , Birkner Katharina , Bühler Ulrike , Wasser Beatrice , Luessi Felix , Stergiou Natascha , Dietzen Sarah , Brühl Till-Julius , Bohn Toszka , Bündgen Georg , Kunz Horst , Waisman Ari , Schild Hansjörg , Schmitt Edgar , Zipp Frauke , Bopp Tobias
Published: August 2016

Significance

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in the western world and leads to devastating disability in young adults, with only limited treatment options currently available. Our recent work demonstrates that pharmacological inhibition of the protein kinase CK2 (CK2) results in inhibition of encephalitogenic human and mouse T helper 17 (T
H
17) cell development and effector function while at the same time promoting development of induced regulatory T (iT
reg
) cells. Hence, modulation of CK2 activity might represent a promising approach for the treatment of MS and other T
H
17 cell-driven inflammatory diseases.