bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestión de Sitios Turísticos para el Desarrollo Regional del Municipio de Maltrata, Veracruz
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Zongolica, Quezada Fadanelli María Edith , Rosas Jiménez Ariadna Lizbeth , Ruiz Contreras Gabriel ,   Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Zongolica, Munguía Martínez Marlene ,   Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Zongolica
Published: December 2024

Este libro permite al lector adentrarse a conocer la historia, los atractivos turísticos, la música, vestimenta, artesanías, las tradiciones, mitos y leyendas en general con los que cuenta la localidad de Maltrata, Veracruz.
Estoy convencida que, con esta obra, el lector encontrará un compendio de información que servirá como un acervo de conocimientos que podrá ser compartido por generaciones, con el fin de conocer, difundir y seguir preservando las tradiciones que hacen de Maltrata un lugar con un patrimonio cultural y natural único.
A Three-Parameter Exponential Frechet Distribution: Theory and Application
Authors: Omoboriowo Emmanuel Remi , Efuwape Biodun T. , Olatayo Timothy O.
Published: December 2024

A novel three-parameter distribution of the Exponential G-family distribution called the Exponential Frechet Distribution has been proposed. Some properties of the model like moment generating function, characteristic function, quantile function, survival function and hazard function were derived.  Bayesian and MLE approach was used to estimate the parameter. The Exponential Frechet Distribution flexibility was demonstrated by both simulation and application to remission time of bladder cancer patients. The results revealed that the Exponential Frechet Distribution yielded a better fit in comparison with other extended distribution.
The Analysis of Hypo-Exponential and Hyper-Exponential Distributions in Solving Performance Measures for General Phase Type Distributions
Authors: Agboola Sunday Olanrewaju , Ayoade Abayomi , Washachi Dekera , Abdullahi Mohammed
Published: December 2024

The importance of phase-type distribution in modeling activities cannot be under emphasized when both a distribution's initial and second moments are accessible, or when the sequence of data points for computing moments is the information available. In continuous time process for an absorbing finite state Markov chain, the phase-type distribution can be thought of as the of the time until absorption, and it is widely used in queueing theories and other fields of applied probabilities. The common phase-type distributions are generalized Erlang, Coxian, Hypo-exponential, and Hyper-exponential distributions.  In this study, performance measures of phase-type distribution using Hypo-exponential, and Hyper-exponential distributions have been looked into, in order to provide meaningful study into the probability function, mean,  moment, variance, Laplace Stieltjes transform and squared coefficient of variation of phase type distribution. The study started by considering the tractability and memory less properties of exponential distribution, and since these properties are not enough, we examined the journey through a series of exponential phases to arrive at performance measures. Illustrative examples are demonstrated for various cases to arrive at various values for probability functions, Laplace Stieltjes transform, squared coefficient of variation,  moment, mean and variance for the phase type distribution.
A Two-Parameter Ridge Estimator for Handling Extreme Multicollinearity Problems in Logistic Regression
Authors: Oladapo David Ifeoluwa , Efuwape Biodun , Olatayo Timothy
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces a robust two-parameter ridge estimator that is customized for logistic regression models, which tend to be sensitive to extreme multicollinearity problems. Inflated standard errors and unreliability in the results stem from the problem of multicollinearity characterized by high correlations among predictor variables in logistic regression model. Traditional approaches like the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) and one-parameter ridge-type estimators often perform poorly under these settings, thus calling for the development of more robust approaches. This new proposal is called New Biased Two Parameter (NBTP), which extends the ridge regression framework by introducing additional biasing parameters customized for an extreme multicollinearity problem. The paper combines a theoretical analysis with extensive Monte Carlo simulations and real application to Pena data. It demonstrates that the new estimator, New Biased Two Parameter (NBTP), provides much more stable and accurate parameter estimates than previous methods. The results underscore the importance of using robust estimation methods within logistic regression, especially when multicollinearity may be widespread in fields such as medical research, finance, and the social sciences.
Immigrant farm workers, self-exploitation and social reproduction: the Lesotho–South African land-labour questions
Authors: Ngubane Mnqobi
Published: December 2024

This article explores social relations of production and reproduction on redistributed farmland by examining capital–wage relations and social reproduction impacts of land redistribution induced small- and medium-scale capitalist farming on fragmented classes of gendered labour. Such diverse, historically determined, social relations seldom feature in pessimistic views about current land redistribution impacts on farm labour. The article examines the immigrant gendered farm work phenomenon embodied in footloose labour from Lesotho to its neighbour, South Africa. It illuminates capital–wage relations, laying bare the far-reaching social reproduction impacts of farm work, and access to land for petty commodity-producing working-class land beneficiaries via self-exploitation and immigrant wage labour. The findings suggest that intensive labour absorption on recently subdivided and redistributed small- and medium-scale farmland deepens capitalist relations in redistributive ways, fragmenting capital and land concentration, widening the social reproduction material base for classes of labour, and partly resolving the agrarian question of gendered labour. The theoretical implications are that mere social reproduction of gendered immigrant farm workers on the land of their forebears that they do not own is not redistributive enough if Lesotho remains a perpetual labour reserve for South Africa. This article iteratively invokes the forgotten Lesotho land question, the immigrant farm workers’ home country, suggesting reparative land restitution in resolving the agrarian question of gendered labour in Lesotho towards generalised heterogenous small- and medium-scale livestock farming and other crop cultivation, as concretely unfolding on recently redistributed farmland in South Africa.
Transient Models of a Photophoretically Filtering Structure in the Stratosphere
Authors: Sani Hadiza Nass
Published: December 2024

The stratosphere has very little convection and tends to trap any dust and gases that enter this region from the atmosphere. This study suggests how dust and particles can be filtered from the stratosphere by a 2-plated parallel-walled infinite rotatable, levitating vertical/horizontal channel (preferably) perforated with holes which have pockets on the cooler upper wall for collecting particles. A movement of particles by light called photophoresis, is caused by the radiative warming layer of a sandwich structure. Collisions of gases with surface of structure and thermal gradients between the two thin plates will also deflect particles. Equations of momentum and energy are solved using an implicit finite difference scheme while exact solutions are presented for steady state dimensionless velocity, concentration and temperature for a fully developed flow. Heat and mass transfer characteristics of parameters like time are displayed graphically. Combined photophoretic and thermophoretic effect on water particles  is negligible when compared to soot or dust particles Sc=600.
DÜŞÜK GWP AKIŞKANLI ORGANİK RANKİNE ÇEVRİMLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI TERMODİNAMİK ANALİZİ
Authors: Dikmen Erkan , İçer İsmail
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, düşük sıcaklıklardaki ısı enerjisi (yenilebilir enerji ve endüstriyel atık ısı) kaynaklarından elektrik üretebilecek organik Rankine çevrimi (ORC) sistemi için enerji analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. ORC sistemlerinin performansını en önemli faktör iş akışkanıdır. R134a alternatif daha çevreci R512A ve R513A akışkanların ORC sistemi için teorik analiz yapılmıştır. Sistemin performans analizinde sabit buharlaştırıcının kapasitesinde farklı sıcaklıklar için her üç akışkan için karşılaştırma performans analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. ORC sisteminde en yüksek verim sağlayacak akışkan R512A olduğu tespit edilmiştir. R512A akışkan, 65 oC buharlaştırıcı, 32 oC yoğuşturucu sıcaklığında sistemin verimi %6.03 tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, R513A akışkanından %7.9 diğer R134a akışkanından %10.1 daha fazla verime sahip olduğu bulunmuştur.
SHEAR STRENGTH PARAMETERS AND DEFORMABILITY PROPERTIES OF SILICATE-BASED RESIN ADDED SAND-TYPE SOIL SPECIMENS
Authors: Kömürlü Eren
Published: December 2024

In this study, the shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) values and deformability properties of silicate-based polymer resin added silty sand type soil specimens were examined through a series of experimental studies. Although the UCS and shear strength values increased, minor decreases in the internal friction angle values were measured as the resin ratio increased. It was determined that the main reason for the improvement in strength values due to the increase in resin content is the increase in cohesion values. It was found that the UCS values calculated according to the cohesion and internal friction angle parameters of the Mohr & Coulomb failure criterion (UCSc) were 2.6-3.0 times lower than the values obtained from the direct UCS experiment. According to this finding, it was concluded that the Mohr & Coulomb failure criterion is not properly usable to represent the mechanical behaviors of resin added sands. As another outcome, the ratio between UCS/UCSc slightly decreased with an increase in the resin amount. In other words, it has been determined that the Mohr&Coulomb failure criterion gives a bit more inaccurate results for the specimens with low binder contents. With the increase in the resin content ratio, significant increases were obtained in both elastic modulus and ductility properties of the samples. It has been evaluated that the silicate-based polymer resin binder is advantageous to provide significant increases in the toughness and energy absorption capacity of soils.
GEMİ TESPİTİ UYGULAMASINDA YOLOV8 VE YOLOV9 ALGORİTMALARININ PERFORMANS DEĞERLENDİRMESİ
Authors: Tekindemir Beyzanur , Şenel Fatih Ahmet
Published: December 2024

Gemi tespiti ve sınıflandırması, deniz gözetimi ve izleme alanında kritik bir konu olup; balıkçılık yönetimi, göçmen izleme, deniz kurtarma ve deniz savaşlarına kadar geniş bir yelpazede uygulanmaktadır. Uzaktan algılama teknolojileri, geniş kapsama alanı ve düşük maliyetli erişim gibi avantajları nedeniyle gemi izleme için kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, nesnelerin insan tarafından tespiti, sayımı ve takibi süreçlerinin bilgisayarlı görme ve makine öğrenmesi yöntemleri ile gerçekleştirilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, YOLO mimarileri, gemi tespiti ve sınıflandırmasının hızlı ve doğru bir şekilde yapılabilmesi için kullanılan bir teknoloji olarak ele alınmaktadır. YOLOv8 ve YOLOv9 mimarileri ile uzaktan algılama kullanılarak gemi tespiti çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gemi tespiti için 1658 görüntüden oluşan "Ships in Google Earth" adlı veri seti kullanılarak YOLOv8 ve YOLOv9 mimarilerinin performansını karşılaştırmaktadır. Eğitim ve doğrulama kayıpları, kesinlik, duyarlılık ve ortalama hassasiyet kriterleri açısından değerlendirilen modeller, eğitim sürecinde belirli bir başarı ve öğrenme hızı sergilemiştir. Her iki modelin de gemi tespitinde etkili çözümler sunduğu görülmüştür. Ancak, YOLOv9 modeli, özellikle başlangıçta daha hızlı yakınsama ve genel tespit performansında üstünlük sağlamıştır.
The Empirical Study of Technology Acceptance Model among Mobile Banking Users in Indonesia
Authors: Palumian Yonathan , Tarigan Zeplin Jiwa Husada , Garvey Fransiscus Solanus Rayhan , Sundari Santi
Published: December 2024

Mobile banking is an innovation of banking services developed to facilitate the activities and financial transactions of customers. Mobile banking offers a high degree of ease and flexibility so it can be used anywhere and anytime through the practices of each user. The continued use of mobile banking is influenced by several important factors including expectation-confirmation, satisfaction, and perceived usefulness.  The study aims to test the role of the above three factors in their influence on sustainable intentions among mobile banking users in Indonesia. The explanatory research with this quantitative approach involved 326 respondents in an online questionnaire-based survey. Using partial least square (PLS-SEM) as the data analysis technique, this study explains that perceived usefulness and satisfaction have a significant influence on continuous usage intention while expectation-confirmation has no significant effect on the continuous intention.
The Role of Digital Supply Chain Management Practices in the Relationship between Organizational Culture and Customer Development
Authors: Awain Ali Mohsin Salim Ba , Sulaiman Mohammed Ali Bait Ali , Al Sheyadi Anwar , Sukati Inda
Published: December 2024

Through Digital Supply Chain Management Practices (DSCMP), this study investigates the relationship between organizational culture (OC) and customer development (CD), taking into account both direct and indirect influences. Data from 214 respondents who have registered in Indonesia's Riau Islands Province were analysed statistically. The results showed that CD was positively impacted by OC and DSCMP. Additionally, the connection between OC and CD was found to be mediated by DSCMP. Two crucial facilitators for growing a company's clientele in digital supply chains (SC) are DSCMP and OC. Using the Resource Dependency Theory (RDT) as a basis. This study discovered that in order to increase the firm's efficiency, digitalization-related SCMP capabilities need to be developed internally. Organizational leaders (OL), organizational glue (OG), dominating characteristics (DC), and strategic focus (SE) should all be integral parts of DSCMP in organizations.
A Comprehensive Review on Mucormycosis as co infection of Immunodeficiency Diseases
Authors: Abbas Mohammed Najwan
Published: December 2024

Mucormycosis is a fatal, life-threatening fungal infection occurring in humans that is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. It is caused by a group of ubiquitous saprophytic molds, which typically affect patients with weak immune defences such as diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketoacidosis, malignant hematological diseases, post-hematopoietic stem cell or solid organ transplants, as well as those with neutropenia. Mucormycosis is mostly related to the current COVID-19 epidemic and the overuse of steroids but can also be caused by haemato-oncological conditions and other health conditions, such as unbalanced diabetes or caustic injuries. It mostly impacts the nose and sinuses, affecting the eyes and other parts of the body. Immediate treatment of mucormycosis is required, consisting of reversal of underlying risk factors, prompt antifungal therapy (preferably as lipid formulations of amphotericin B or isavuconazole), and early surgical debridement. However, the stringent neutropenic and metabolic status of these patients prevents early diagnosis and withholds aggressive antifungal and surgical treatments. The ability of mucormycosis to invade blood vessels and cause angioinvasion, thrombosis, tissue infarction, and the formation of fungal emboli, increases mortality among patients. New surveillance strategies, novel preventive strategies, new applicative detection techniques, novel antifungal agents, or screening for effective agent repurposing are immediately needed to pave the way to enhance the survival of these high-risk patient populations from this deadly infection and reduce the global burden. The present review aimed to provide an exhaustive overview of mucormycosis, including basic information, etiology, epidemiology and incidence, pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis modalities, and treatment.
Experiences and Challenges of Inclusive Education in Higher Education
Authors: Huertas Mayra Solanye Galindo , Giraldo Sandra Lorena Herrera , Castro Flor Deisy Arenas , Sánchez Deisy Marcela Martínez
Published: December 2024

This study explores the experiences and challenges of students with hearing impairment in a Colombian university within the framework of inclusive education. Through a qualitative approach, the perceptions of students and their caregivers regarding admission policies, academic participation, and institutional and curricular environments were analyzed. The findings indicate that, although inclusion policies exist, they are not fully effective, presenting significant barriers to the access and participation of deaf students, such as insufficient availability of qualified interpreters, lack of curricular adjustments, and lack of adequate infrastructure. In addition, participants pointed to attitudes of exclusion on the part of peers and university staff, as well as an institutional culture that does not fully promote diversity. The study suggests the need to strengthen inclusive strategies to guarantee the right to education in conditions of equality and respect for diversity in higher education.
Comparative Analysis of Face Recognition Algorithms for Facial Recognition in Diverse Environments
Authors: Durak Üsame , Koç Ayşegül Ceren , Daş Hüseyin , Karahan Oğuzhan , Kılıç M. Fatih , Akay Mehmet Fatih
Published: December 2024

Facial recognition technology has evolved significantly over the last five decades and plays a central role in various applications such as biometrics, information security, access control, law enforcement and surveillance. In this study, the performance of two face recognition algorithms, Dlib and FaceNet, is evaluated using datasets obtained from video recordings in different environments. The Dlib algorithm uses the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) method for face detection, while FaceNet uses the Multi-Task Cascaded Convolutional Neural Network (MTCNN). The experimental results show that both algorithms achieve high accuracy in controlled environments, with Dlib showing greater robustness in complex scenarios. This study makes an important contribution to this topic by presenting a comparative analysis of the face recognition performance of the OpenFace, ArcFace, Exadel, and Dlib methods under different environmental conditions and scenarios. The results show that while the tested methods achieve high accuracy in controlled environments, their performance differs in more com-plex environments.In the results, OpenFace and ArcFace showed lower success rates than the other two algorithms. In particu-lar, Dlib proved superior in dynamic and challenging scenarios, achieving an overall accuracy of 96.1% compared to 94.6% for Exadel. Exadel, on the other hand, performed slightly better in certain controlled environments, highlighting its potential strength in certain applications. These results emphasize the importance of selecting the appropriate algorithm based on the specific environmental conditions and requirements of the application. This research not only improves our understanding of the performance characteristics of leading facial recognition technologies, but also provides practical insights into their use in real-world applications.
Design and Development of a Fashion Oriented Personalized Search Engine
Authors: Yalın Bahadır , Akyuz Akasya , Abut Fatih , Akay Mehmet Fatih , Ulus Ceren
Published: December 2024

Finding the desired product in the e-commerce sector in the fastest and easiest way plays a vital role in customer satisfaction and revenue growth. Some interactive search engines have already been proposed in the literature and allow for text or visual queries. Nevertheless, these studies focus on finding items aesthetically similar to the query without considering the query personalization aspects. Query personalization allows that user preferences are provided as a user profile separately from the query and dynamically decide how this profile will affect the query results. In this study, a personalized search engine is proposed, which is fed with the product data of the e-commerce site trendyol.com operating in the fashion-oriented retailing sector. More specifically, a search engine has been developed to recognize and help online shoppers find what they are looking for and discover a broader and more relevant range of products in the trendyol.com catalog. The index, search, and data collection infrastructures and a brand-based user-segmented product listing algorithm have been designed and implemented to realize the search engine. As the outcome of the study, a fashion-oriented and personalized site search has been enabled thar successfully reveals products that have never been thought of before by directly associating the products the customers want. The results show that personalizing the search queries increase the odds of success. With the development of the personalized search engine, it is expected that Trendyol’s revenues will grow in a short time through users visiting the site.
Optimizing Carbon Capture Supply Chains with AI-Driven Supplier Quality Management and Predictive Analytics
Authors: Mohammed Irshadullah Asim
Published: December 2024

As the need for sustainable practices grows, carbon capture and storage (CCS) systems have become critical in mitigating environmental impact by reducing carbon emissions. This study explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing the CCS supply chain, with a specific focus on supplier quality management and predictive analytics. By integrating AI technologies, companies can optimize their supply chains, minimize operational costs, and improve supplier quality performance. Supply chain managers can better forecast disruptions, identify potential risks, and enhance decision-making using predictive analytics. This paper synthesizes recent research on AI applications in CCS, assessing its impact on supplier quality management and operational efficiency. Key findings indicate that AI-driven supplier management systems significantly enhance carbon capture efficiency, reducing overall emissions and facilitating more streamlined CCS operations.
MİLLÎ İDEOLOJİMİZİN DİREKLERİNDEN - ASKER AĞA GORANİ
Authors: Abasova Leyla
Published: December 2024

Azerbaycan halkının değerli evladı, seçkin bir yazar, pedagog, çevirmen, gazeteci ve eğitimci olarak tanınan Asker Bey Adıgözelov’un (Gorani) hayatı, edebî ve toplumsal faaliyeti oldukça geniş ve kapsamlıdır. Makalede Asker Ağa Gorani’nin çeşitli alanlardaki faaliyetleri araştırılarak Anavatan için yaptığı çalışmalar ortaya konmuştur. Makalede A. Gorani’nin Azerbaycan halkının eğitim ve kültürünün gelişmesinde, basının kuruluşunda olağanüstü hizmeti olan seçkin şahsiyetlerden biri olduğu üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca A. Gorani’nin hayattaki asıl görevinin halkın eğitimi, toplumsal bilincin geliştirilmesi olduğu ve bunun için eğitim almanın önemli olduğunu belirtmiştir. Bu nedenle hem maddi hem de manevi olarak vatandaşlarına her zaman destek olmuştur. Yazıda ayrıca aydın şahsiyetler sayesinde toplumun sürekli ilerlediği ve ilerleme kaydedildiği de belirtiliyor. Bu türden çalışmalarla böyle değerli kişilerin yaşamlarını incelemenin ve öğrenmenin önemli olduğu düşüncesindeyiz.
VERİ ODAKLI HALKLA İLİŞKİLERDE İNSAN-YAPAY ZEKÂ İŞ BİRLİĞİ: CHATGPT ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Çataldaş İbrahim
Published: December 2024

Kurum ve organizasyonların hedef kitlelerine yönelik olarak yürüttüğü iletişim çalışmalarını içeren halkla ilişkiler, meslek olarak ortaya çıktığından beri çeşitli dönüşümler geçirmiştir. Mesleğin ilk dönemlerinde basın ve medyayla ilişkiler gibi geleneksel medya mecraları üzerinden yürütülen halkla ilişkiler uygulamaları dijitalleşmeyle birlikte daha çeşitli mecralara taşınmıştır. İnternet ağı, sosyal medya ve büyük veri analitiği gibi yeni araçların ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte halkla ilişkiler uygulayıcılarının hedef kitleye yönelik yürüttüğü iletişim faaliyetleri dönüşmüştür. Bu kapsamda günümüzde yürütülen halkla ilişkiler faaliyetlerinde yapay zekâ aracılığıyla elde edilen veriye dayalı analizler ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yapay zekâya dayalı bir sohbet uygulaması olan ChatGPT, veri odaklı halkla ilişkiler bağlamında ele alınmıştır. ChatGPT’nin halkla ilişkiler alanındaki kullanımını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmış olan bu çalışmada veri toplamaya yönelik olarak doküman incelemesi yapılmış ve elde edilen verileri analiz etmeye yönelik içerik analizi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre ChatGPT uygulamasının veriye dayalı olarak medya izleme ve analiz, içerik üretimi ve optimizasyonu, kriz yönetimi, hedef kitle segmentasyonu, etkinlik yönetimi ve raporlama gibi hususlarda halkla ilişkiler alanında görevler üstlenebileceği belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu faaliyetlerin yürütülmesinde ChatGPT raporlama ve analiz bakımından rol üstlenirken halkla ilişkiler uygulayıcılarının ise bu analiz ve raporlara bağlı olarak değerlendirmeler yaptığı ve ChatGPT’nin stratejik kararlar aldığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu bakımdan veri odaklı halkla ilişkilerde, yapay zekâ ve insan iş birliğine dayalı bir halkla ilişkiler modelinin ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir.
İNÖNÜ MAĞARASI KALKOLİTİK ÇAĞ ÇAN GÖVDELİ ÇANAKLARI ÜZERİNE GÖZLEMLER
Authors: Kader Burak , Ekmen Hamza
Published: December 2024

Zonguldak ili, Ereğli ilçesi sınırları içinde yer alan İnönü Mağarası’nda 2017 yılından itibaren yapılan kazılarda, bölgenin hakkında çok az şey bilinen dip tarihi hakkında önemli verilere ulaşılmıştır. Mağarada yapılan kazılarda tespit edilen Kalkolitik Çağ’dan Orta Çağ’a kadar uzanan yerleşim evreleri Zonguldak’ın oldukça zengin ve özgün bir içeriğe sahip olan uzunca bir geçmişine ait kanıtlar sunmuştur. Mağaranın ilk sakinlerine ait olan V. tabaka bulguları, günümüzden yaklaşık 6300 yıl önce mağaranın ilk kez iskân edildiğini göstermiştir. Bu tabakada bulunan süs eşyaları, mağara sakinlerinin Balkan kültürleri ile yakın ilişkiler içerisinde olduklarının izlerini ortaya koymuştur. Ancak çanak çömleklerin analojik değerlendirmesi kap üretiminde ve form çeşitliliğinde yerel unsurların ön planda olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında incelenen çan gövdeli çanaklar bölgeler arası ilişkilere ışık tutabilecek az sayıda kap formlarından biridir. Balkanlarda, Kıyı Ege ve Adalar’da Kalkolitik Çağ yerleşimlerinden bildiğimiz çan gövdeli çanaklardan bazılarının üzerinde yine dönemin modasına uygun olarak mat beyaz boya bezeme unsurları göze çarpmaktadır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu formun genel özellikleri, bölgeler arası ilişkiler açısından önemi ve mat boya bezemeli örneklerle ilişkisi açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır.
Liberté et loi morale chez Kant et Platon
Authors: Delcomminette Sylvain
Published: December 2024

De prime abord, tout semble opposer l’attitude de Platon et de Kant relativement à la loi. Selon Kant, seule la soumission à la loi morale permet au sujet d’accéder à l’autonomie, et donc à la liberté, tandis que Platon affirme que toute soumission à une loi est incompatible avec la liberté authentique de l’intelligence. Le présent article s’attache à nuancer cette opposition, en montrant que l’approfondissement de la position respective de chacun des deux auteurs permet de les rapprocher, tout en mettant en évidence le point précis qui les distingue, à savoir la question de l’application de cette loi aux cas particuliers qui se présentent dans l’expérience.
Unsupervised discovery of family specific vocal usage in the Mongolian gerbil
Authors: Peterson Ralph E , Choudhri Aman , Mitelut Catalin , Tanelus Aramis , Capo-Battaglia Athena , Williams Alex H , Schneider David M , Sanes Dan H
Published: December 2024

In nature, animal vocalizations can provide crucial information about identity, including kinship and hierarchy. However, lab-based vocal behavior is typically studied during brief interactions between animals with no prior social relationship, and under environmental conditions with limited ethological relevance. Here, we address this gap by establishing long-term acoustic recordings from Mongolian gerbil families, a core social group that uses an array of sonic and ultrasonic vocalizations. Three separate gerbil families were transferred to an enlarged environment and continuous 20-day audio recordings were obtained. Using a variational autoencoder (VAE) to quantify 583,237 vocalizations, we show that gerbils exhibit a more elaborate vocal repertoire than has been previously reported and that vocal repertoire usage differs significantly by family. By performing gaussian mixture model clustering on the VAE latent space, we show that families preferentially use characteristic sets of vocal clusters and that these usage preferences remain stable over weeks. Furthermore, gerbils displayed family-specific transitions between vocal clusters. Since gerbils live naturally as extended families in complex underground burrows that are adjacent to other families, these results suggest the presence of a vocal dialect which could be exploited by animals to represent kinship. These findings position the Mongolian gerbil as a compelling animal model to study the neural basis of vocal communication and demonstrates the potential for using unsupervised machine learning with uninterrupted acoustic recordings to gain insights into naturalistic animal behavior.
Tgfbr1 regulates lateral plate mesoderm and endoderm reorganization during the trunk to tail transition
Authors: Lozovska Anastasiia , Casaca Ana , Nóvoa Ana , Kuo Ying-Yi , Jurberg Arnon D , Martins Gabriel G , Hadjantonakis Anna-Katerina , Mallo Moises
Published: December 2024

During the trunk to tail transition the mammalian embryo builds the outlets for the intestinal and urogenital tracts, lays down the primordia for the hindlimb and external genitalia, and switches from the epiblast/primitive streak to the tailbud as the driver of axial extension. Genetic and molecular data indicate that
Tgfbr1
is a key regulator of the trunk to tail transition.
Tgfbr1
has been shown to control the switch of the neuro mesodermal-competent cells from the epiblast to the chordo-neural hinge to generate the tail bud. We now show that Tgfbr1 signaling also controls the remodeling of the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) and of the embryonic endoderm associated with the trunk to tail transition. In the absence of
Tgfbr1
the two LPM layers do not converge at the end of the trunk, extending instead as separate layers enclosing the celomic cavity until the caudal embryonic extremity, and failing to activate markers of primordia for the hindlimb and external genitalia. However, this extended LPM, does not exhibit the molecular signatures characteristic of this tissue in the trunk. The vascular remodeling involving the dorsal aorta and the umbilical artery leading to the connection between embryonic and extraembryonic circulation was also affected in the
Tgfbr1
mutant embryos. Similar alterations in the LPM and vascular system were also observed in
Isl1
null mutants, indicating that this factor acts in the regulatory cascade downstream of
Tgfbr1
in LPM-derived tissues. In addition, in the absence of
Tgfbr1
the embryonic endoderm fails to expand to form the endodermal cloaca and to extend posteriorly to generate the tail gut. We present evidence suggesting that the remodeling activity of
Tgfbr1
in the LPM and endoderm results from the control of the posterior primitive streak fate after its regression during the trunk to tail transition. Our data, together with previously reported observations, place
Tgfbr1
at the top of the regulatory processes controlling the trunk to tail transition.
Hidden GPCR structural transitions addressed by multiple walker supervised molecular dynamics (mwSuMD)
Authors: Deganutti Giuseppe , Pipitò Ludovico , Rujan Roxana M , Weizmann Tal , Griffin Peter , Ciancetta Antonella , Moro Stefano , Reynolds Christopher A
Published: December 2024

The structural basis for the pharmacology of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the most abundant membrane proteins and the target of about 35% of approved drugs, is still a matter of intense study. What makes GPCRs challenging to study is the inherent flexibility and the metastable nature of interaction with extra- and intracellular partners that drive their effects. Here, we present a molecular dynamics (MD) adaptive sampling algorithm, namely multiple walker supervised molecular dynamics (mwSuMD), to address complex structural transitions involving GPCRs without energy input. We first report the binding and unbinding of the vasopressin peptide from its receptor V
2
. Successively, we present the complete transition of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) from inactive to active, agonist and G
s
-bound state, and the GDP release from G
s
. To our knowledge, this is the first time the whole sequence of events leading from an inactive GPCR to the GDP release is simulated without any energy bias. We demonstrate that mwSuMD can address complex binding processes intrinsically linked to protein dynamics out of reach of classic MD.
An improved bacterial single-cell RNA-seq reveals biofilm heterogeneity
Authors: Yan Xiaodan , Liao Hebin , Wang Chenyi , Huang Chun , Zhang Wei , Guo Chunming , Pu Yingying
Published: December 2024

In contrast to mammalian cells, bacterial cells lack mRNA polyadenylated tails, presenting a hurdle in isolating mRNA amidst the prevalent rRNA during single-cell RNA-seq. This study introduces a novel method, ribosomal RNA-derived cDNA depletion (RiboD), seamlessly integrated into the PETRI-seq technique, yielding RiboD-PETRI. This innovative approach offers a cost-effective, equipment-free, and high-throughput solution for bacterial single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). By efficiently eliminating rRNA reads and substantially enhancing mRNA detection rates (up to 92%), our method enables precise exploration of bacterial population heterogeneity. Applying RiboD-PETRI to investigate biofilm heterogeneity, distinctive subpopulations marked by unique genes within biofilms were successfully identified. Notably, PdeI, a marker for the cell-surface attachment subpopulation, was observed to elevate cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels, promoting persister cell formation. Thus, we address a persistent challenge in bacterial single-cell RNA-seq regarding rRNA abundance, exemplifying the utility of this method in exploring biofilm heterogeneity. Our method effectively tackles a long-standing issue in bacterial scRNA-seq: the overwhelming abundance of rRNA. This advancement significantly enhances our ability to investigate the intricate heterogeneity within biofilms at unprecedented resolution.
Biochemical and neurophysiological effects of deficiency of the mitochondrial import protein TIMM50
Authors: Paz Eyal , Jain Sahil , Gottfried Irit , Staretz-Chacham Orna , Mahajnah Muhammad , Bagchi Pritha , Seyfried Nicholas T , Ashery Uri , Azem Abdussalam
Published: December 2024

TIMM50, an essential TIM23 complex subunit, is suggested to facilitate the import of ~60% of the mitochondrial proteome. In this study, we characterized a TIMM50 disease-causing mutation in human fibroblasts and noted significant decreases in TIM23 core protein levels (TIMM50, TIMM17A/B, and TIMM23). Strikingly, TIMM50 deficiency had no impact on the steady-state levels of most of its putative substrates, suggesting that even low levels of a functional TIM23 complex are sufficient to maintain the majority of TIM23 complex-dependent mitochondrial proteome. As TIMM50 mutations have been linked to severe neurological phenotypes, we aimed to characterize TIMM50 defects in manipulated mammalian neurons. TIMM50 knockdown in mouse neurons had a minor effect on the steady state level of most of the mitochondrial proteome, supporting the results observed in patient fibroblasts. Amongst the few affected TIM23 substrates, a decrease in the steady state level of components of the intricate oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial ribosome complexes was evident. This led to declined respiration rates in fibroblasts and neurons, reduced cellular ATP levels, and defective mitochondrial trafficking in neuronal processes, possibly contributing to the developmental defects observed in patients with TIMM50 disease. Finally, increased electrical activity was observed in TIMM50 deficient mice neuronal cells, which correlated with reduced levels of KCNJ10 and KCNA2 plasma membrane potassium channels, likely underlying the patients’ epileptic phenotype.
Association between hand grip strength and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alghadier Mshari , Almasoud Nada , Alharthi Dalia , Alrashdi Omar , Albesher Reem
Published: December 2024

Background

Cerebral palsy (CP) covers a wide range of causes and symptoms. It is characterized by persistent motor and postural dysfunction caused by a non-progressing pathological lesion of the immature brain. Development of fine motor skills, such as the ability to manipulate objects with smaller muscles, is crucial for a child’s development. It is evident that there is a lack of hand grip strength (HGS) and quality of life (QoL) data in children with CP compared to typically developed (TD) children. Understanding the relationship between these factors might help facilitate healthcare provision and provide insight into rehabilitation programs. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between HGS and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with CP compared to TD children.

Methods

An experimental cross-sectional study was conducted and 60 children (30 CP and 30 TD) were chosen; age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, preferred hand, number of siblings, school attendance, and housing type data were collected. HGS was measured using a standard hand dynamometer, and HRQoL was measured using the KIDSCREEN-10 item questionnaire.

Results

There was a statistically significant main effect of gender on the average HGS, F (1, 56) = 24.09, p < 0.001, and the KIDSCREEN-10 sum score, F (1, 56) = 8.66, p < 0.001, and the main effect of group on the KIDSCREEN-10 sum score, F (1, 56) = 17.64, p < 0.001. A significant correlation between HGS and the KIDSCREEN-10 sum score in the CP group (r = 0.35, p = 0.03), and the TD group (r = 0.56, p = 0.001).

Conclusion

HGS was lower in children with CP, and girls had significantly lower HGS compared to boys in both groups, CP and TD children. HRQoL was significantly lower in children with CP, with boys reporting higher HRQoL on the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire compared to girls. Our data showed that the higher the KIDSCREEN-10 sum score is, the stronger the HGS of children in both groups. The results of this study indicate that hand grip strength may significantly impact the QoL of children with CP. A correlation between HGS and HRQoL points to the importance of improving strength in children with CP through interventions and directed rehabilitation programs.
miRNAs as radio‐response biomarkers for breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Griñán‐Lisón Carmen , Olivares‐Urbano María Auxiliadora , Jiménez Gema , López‐Ruiz Elena , del Val Coral , Morata‐Tarifa Cynthia , Entrena José Manuel , González‐Ramírez Amanda Rocío , Boulaiz Houria , Zurita Herrera Mercedes , Núñez María Isabel , Marchal Juan Antonio
Published: January 2020

In breast cancer (BC), the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been related to relapse, metastasis, and radioresistance. Radiotherapy (RT) is an extended BC treatment, but is not always effective. CSCs have several mechanisms of radioresistance in place, and some miRNAs are involved in the cellular response to ionizing radiation (IR). Here, we studied how IR affects the expression of miRNAs related to stemness in different molecular BC subtypes. Exposition of BC cells to radiation doses of 2, 4, or 6 Gy affected their phenotype, functional characteristics, pluripotency gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenic capacity. This held true for various molecular subtypes of BC cells (classified by ER, PR and HER‐2 status), and for BC cells either plated in monolayer, or being in suspension as mammospheres. However, the effect of IR on the expression of eight stemness‐ and radioresistance‐related miRNAs (miR‐210, miR‐10b, miR‐182, miR‐142, miR‐221, miR‐21, miR‐93, miR‐15b) varied, depending on cell line subpopulation and clinicopathological features of BC patients. Therefore, clinicopathological features and, potentially also, chemotherapy regimen should be both taken into consideration, for determining a potential miRNA signature by liquid biopsy in BC patients treated with RT. Personalized and precision RT dosage regimes could improve the prognosis, treatment, and survival of BC patients.
Fluoride resistance in fibroblasts is conferred via reduced susceptibility to oxidative stress and apoptosis
Authors: Ni Jing , Zhong Zhe , Zhang Wu , Liu Bin , Shu Rong , Li Yiming
Published: January 2020

Chronic fluoride exposure from drinking water may result in endemic fluorosis. To better understand the mechanisms by which some people are resistant to fluorosis, here we investigated the effect of treatment with NaF (sodium fluoride) on production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), morphological changes in mitochondria, the mRNA expression of Fas ligand (Fas‐L), and the protein expression of cleaved caspase‐3 in regular L‐929 cells and fluoride‐resistant (FR) L‐929 cells. While morphological changes indicative of apoptosis and a network of fragmented mitochondria were observed in regular L‐929 cells after NaF treatment, there were no morphological changes in FR L‐929 cells after NaF treatment. Treatment with 10 mm NaF induced a significant difference in the production of ROS, triggered the expression of cleaved caspase‐3, and upregulated the mRNA expression of Fas‐L in regular L‐929 cells. However, there was no significant production of ROS in FR L‐929 cells. Additionally, cleaved caspase‐3 and upregulated Fas‐L were not detected in FR L‐929 cells. These results suggest that FR fibroblasts are resistant to oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by fluoride.
Assessing students' use of optional online lecture reviews
Authors: Corral Daniel , Carpenter Shana K. , Perkins Kyle , Gentile Douglas A.
Published: January 2020

Online practice quizzes can be used to supplement instruction in the classroom. Such quizzes can engage retrieval practice, thereby improving learning and retention. However, despite their potential benefits, recent work suggests that students typically underutilize online practice quizzes. This article reports an observational classroom study, in which students were provided optional online reviews throughout the semester. The reviews could be accessed in test format, in which students were given multiple‐choice questions and provided correct answer feedback, or in read format in which students were given the same questions and were shown the correct answers. Students who used the test format performed better on exams than students who used the read format or did not use the reviews. Nevertheless, the massive majority of the online reviews (approximately 88%) were not completed, highlighting the tendency for students to underutilize optional online reviews.
Piezoelectricity in Multilayer Black Phosphorus for Piezotronics and Nanogenerators
Authors: Ma Wenda , Lu Junfeng , Wan Bensong , Peng Dengfeng , Xu Qian , Hu Guofeng , Peng Yiyao , Pan Caofeng , Wang Zhong Lin
Published: January 2020

Recently, piezoelectric characteristics have been a research focus for 2D materials because of their broad potential applications. Black phosphorus (BP) is a monoelemental 2D material predicted to be piezoelectric because of its highly directional properties and non‐centrosymmetric lattice structure. However, piezoelectricity is hardly reported in monoelemental materials owing to their lack of ionic polarization, but piezoelectric generation is consistent with the non‐centrosymmetric structure of BP. Theoretical calculations of phosphorene have explained the origin of piezoelectric polarization among P atoms. However, the disappearance of piezoelectricity in multilayer 2D material generally arises from the opposite orientations of adjacent atomic layers, whereas this effect is limited in BP lattices due to their spring‐shaped space structure. Here, the existence of in‐plane piezoelectricity is experimentally reported for multilayer BP along the armchair direction. Current–voltage measurements demonstrate a piezotronic effect in this orientation, and cyclic compression and release of BP flakes show an intrinsic current output as large as 4 pA under a compressive strain of −0.72%. The discovery of piezoelectricity in multilayer BP can lead to further understanding of this mechanism in monoelemental materials.
Efficient Spin‐Orbit Torque Switching of the Semiconducting Van Der Waals Ferromagnet Cr2Ge2Te6
Authors: Ostwal Vaibhav , Shen Tingting , Appenzeller Joerg
Published: January 2020

Being able to electrically manipulate the magnetic properties in recently discovered van der Waals ferromagnets is essential for their integration in future spintronics devices. Here, the magnetization of a semiconducting 2D ferromagnet, i.e., Cr2Ge2Te6, is studied using the anomalous Hall effect in Cr2Ge2Te6/tantalum heterostructures. The thinner the flakes, hysteresis and remanence in the magnetization loop with out‐of‐plane magnetic fields become more prominent. In order to manipulate the magnetization in such thin flakes, a combination of an in‐plane magnetic field and a charge current flowing through Ta—a heavy metal exhibiting giant spin Hall effect—is used. In the presence of in‐plane fields of 20 mT, charge current densities as low as 5 × 105 A cm–2 are sufficient to switch the out‐of‐plane magnetization of Cr2Ge2Te6. This finding highlights that current densities required for spin‐orbit torque switching of Cr2Ge2Te6 are about two orders of magnitude lower than those required for switching nonlayered metallic ferromagnets such as CoFeB. The results presented here show the potential of 2D ferromagnets for low‐power memory and logic applications.
Color‐Tunable Polymeric Long‐Persistent Luminescence Based on Polyphosphazenes
Authors: Wang Zhonghao , Zhang Yongfeng , Wang Chang , Zheng Xian , Zheng Yan , Gao Liang , Yang Chaolong , Li Youbing , Qu Lunjun , Zhao Yanli
Published: January 2020

Organic long‐persistent luminescence (OLPL) materials have attracted wide attention on account of their fascinating luminescence properties, presenting application prospects in the fields of bioimaging, information security, displays, anti‐counterfeiting, and so on. Some effective strategies have been developed to promote the intersystem crossing (ISC) of the excited singlet state to triplet state and limit nonradiative transition, and thus OLPL materials with long lifetime (more than 1s) and high quantum yield have been explored. However, OLPL materials with dynamic and excitation‐dependent characteristics are rarely reported. In this work, two novel polyphosphazene derivatives containing carbazolyl units are designed and synthesized successfully, and then they are doped into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films to achieve polymeric long‐persistent luminescence (PLPL). Unexpectedly, excitation‐dependent PLPL (ED‐PLPL) is obtained under ambient conditions (in air at room temperature), and the persistent luminescence color can be changed from blue to green upon varying the excitation wavelength. At the same time, a dynamic cycle of ED‐PLPL is realized based on the formation and destruction of hydrogen bonding interactions between the PVA chains and polyphosphazene phosphor. This work provides a new strategy for the design of color‐tunable polymeric luminescent materials under ambient conditions.