bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Translumbosacral Neuromodulation Therapy for Fecal Incontinence: A Randomized Frequency Response Trial
Authors: Rao Satish S.C. , Xiang Xuelian , Sharma Amol , Patcharatrakul Tanisa , Yan Yun , Parr Rachael , Ayyala Deepak , Hamdy Shaheen
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Treatments for fecal incontinence (FI) remain unsatisfactory because they do not remedy the underlying multifactorial dysfunction(s) including anorectal neuropathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal dose frequency, clinical effects, and safety of a novel treatment, translumbosacral neuromodulation therapy (TNT), aimed at improving neuropathy.

METHODS:

Patients with FI were randomized to receive 6 sessions of weekly TNT treatments consisting of 600 repetitive magnetic stimulations over each of 2 lumbar and 2 sacral sites with either 1, 5, or 15 Hz frequency. Stool diaries, FI severity indices, anorectal neurophysiology and sensorimotor function, and quality of life were compared. Primary outcome measure was the change in FI episodes/week. Responders were patients with ≥50% decrease in weekly FI episodes.

RESULTS:

Thirty-three patients with FI participated. FI episodes decreased significantly (∆ ±95% confidence interval, 4.2 ± 2.8 (1 Hz); 2 ± 1.7 (5 Hz); 3.4 ± 2.5 (15 Hz); P < 0.02) in all 3 groups when compared with baseline. The 1 Hz group showed a significantly higher (P = 0.04) responder rate (91 ± 9.1%) when compared with the 5 Hz group (36 ± 18.2%) or 15 Hz (55 ± 18.2%); no difference was found between the 5 and 15 Hz groups (P = 0.667). Anal neuropathy, squeeze pressure, and rectal capacity improved significantly only in the 1 Hz (P < 0.05) group compared with baseline, but not in other groups. Quality of life domains improved significantly (P < 0.05) with 1 and 5 Hz groups. No device-related serious adverse events were noted.

DISCUSSION:

TNT significantly improves FI symptoms in the short term, and the 1 Hz frequency was overall better than 5 and 15 Hz. Both anorectal neuropathy and physiology significantly improved, demonstrating mechanistic improvement. TNT is a promising, novel, safe, efficacious, and noninvasive treatment for FI (see Visual Abstract, Supplementary Digital Content 3, http://links.lww.com/AJG/B598).
Use of the Functional Lumen Imaging Probe in Clinical Esophagology
Authors: Savarino Edoardo , di Pietro Massimiliano , Bredenoord Albert J. , Carlson Dustin A. , Clarke John O. , Khan Abraham , Vela Marcelo F. , Yadlapati Rena , Pohl Daniel , Pandolfino John E. , Roman Sabine , Gyawali C. Prakash
Published: August 2020

The functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) measures luminal dimensions using impedance planimetry, performed most often during sedated upper endoscopy. Mechanical properties of the esophageal wall and opening dynamics of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) can be objectively evaluated in esophageal motor disorders, eosinophilic esophagitis, esophageal strictures, during esophageal surgery and in postsurgical symptomatic states. Distensibility index, the ratio of EGJ cross sectional area to intraballoon pressure, is the most useful FLIP metric. Secondary peristalsis from balloon distension can be displayed topographically as repetitive anterograde or retrograde contractile activity in the esophageal body, similar to high-resolution manometry. Real-time interpretation and postprocessing of FLIP metadata can complement the identification of esophageal outflow obstruction and achalasia, especially when findings are inconclusive from alternate esophageal tests in symptomatic patients. FLIP can complement the diagnosis of achalasia when manometry and barium studies are inconclusive or negative in patients with typical symptoms. FLIP can direct adequacy of disruption of the EGJ in achalasia when used during and immediately after myotomy and pneumatic dilation. Lumen diameter measured using FLIP in eosinophilic esophagitis and in complex strictures can potentially guide management. An abbreviated modification of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation was used to determine the quality of available evidence and recommendations regarding FLIP utilization. FLIP metrics that are diagnostic or suggestive of an abnormal motor pattern and metrics that define normal esophageal physiology were developed by consensus and are described in this review.
Effectiveness of Dose De-escalation of Biologic Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Little Derek H. W. , Tabatabavakili Sahar , Shaffer Seth R. , Nguyen Geoffrey C. , Weizman Adam V. , Targownik Laura E.
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:

De-escalation of biologic therapy is a commonly encountered clinical scenario. Although biologic discontinuation has been associated with high rates of relapse, the effectiveness of dose de-escalation is unclear. This review was performed to determine the effectiveness of dose de-escalation of biologic therapy in inflammatory bowel disease.

METHODS:

We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to October 2019. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies involving dose de-escalation of biologic therapy in adults with inflammatory bowel disease in remission were included. Studies involving biologic discontinuation only and those lacking outcomes after dose de-escalation were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

RESULTS:

We identified 1,537 unique citations with 20 eligible studies after full-text review. A total of 995 patients were included from 18 observational studies (4 prospective and 14 retrospective), 1 nonrandomized controlled trial, and 1 subgroup analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Seven studies included patients with Crohn's disease, 1 included patients with ulcerative colitis, and 12 included both. Overall, clinical relapse occurred in 0%–54% of patients who dose de-escalated biologic therapy (17 studies). The 1-year rate of clinical relapse ranged from 7% to 50% (6 studies). Eighteen studies were considered at high risk of bias, mostly because of the lack of a control group.

DISCUSSION:

Dose de-escalation seems to be associated with high rates of clinical relapse; however, the quality of the evidence was very low. Additional controlled prospective studies are needed to clarify the effectiveness of biologic de-escalation and identify predictors of success.
Peripheral Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Triggers Jejunal Mast Cell Activation and Abdominal Pain in Patients With Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Guilarte Mar , Vicario María , Martínez Cristina , de Torres Inés , Lobo Beatriz , Pigrau Marc , González-Castro Ana , Rodiño-Janeiro Bruno K. , Salvo-Romero Eloísa , Fortea Marina , Pardo-Camacho Cristina , Antolín María , Saperas Esteban , Azpiroz Fernando , Santos Javier , Alonso-Cotoner Carmen
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:

To determine the effect of peripheral CRF on intestinal barrier function in diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D). Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology has been linked to life stress, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and mast cell activation. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a major mediator of stress responses in the gastrointestinal tract, yet its role on IBS mucosal function remains largely unknown.

METHODS:

Intestinal response to sequential i.v. 5-mL saline solution (placebo) and CRF (100 μg) was evaluated in 21 IBS-D and 17 healthy subjects (HSs). A 20-cm jejunal segment was perfused with an isosmotic solution and effluents collected at baseline, 30 minutes after placebo, and 60 minutes after CRF. We measured water flux, albumin output, tryptase release, stress hormones, cardiovascular and psychological responses, and abdominal pain. A jejunal biopsy was obtained for CRF receptor expression assessment.

RESULTS:

Water flux did not change after placebo in IBS-D and HS but significantly increased after CRF in IBS-D (P= 0.007). Basal luminal output of albumin was higher in IBS-D and increased further after CRF in IBS-D (P= 0.042). Basal jejunal tryptase release was higher in IBS-D, and CRF significantly increased it in both groups (P= 0.004), the response being higher in IBS-D than in HS (P= 0.0023). Abdominal pain worsened only in IBS-D after CRF and correlated with jejunal tryptase release, water flux, and albumin output. IBS-D displayed jejunal up-regulation of CRF2 and down-regulation of CRF1 compared with HS.

DISCUSSION:

Stress via CRF-driven mast cell activation seems to be relevant in the pathophysiology of IBS-D.
Mobilidade Internacional Profissional
Authors: Brassolati Gustavo Gasques , Bueno Janaina Maria
Published: August 2020

O tema mobilidade internacional profissional vem ganhando destaque mundial no que diz respeito às implicações práticas de tal fenômeno, tanto para empresas que buscam alcançar seus objetivos de internacionalização quanto para indivíduos que almejam obter essa experiência profissional. O presente artigo buscou compreender como está a produção acadêmica sobre o tema da mobilidade internacional de profissionais, no campo da Administração, no cenário internacional recente. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo bibliométrico com objetivo de identificar e analisar os artigos sobre mobilidade internacional, em língua inglesa, da área de Administração. De acordo com os critérios utilizados, foram encontrados 39 artigos a partir de busca na base de dados do Portal de Periódicos Capes de 2013 a 2018. A pesquisa possui uma abordagem quantitativa de caráter exploratório e descritivo. Os resultados confirmam as três leis da bibliometria, ou seja, observou-se que há concentração da produção por poucos autores em alguns periódicos e poucas palavras-chave são usadas muitas vezes para descrever o tema e seus subtemas. Identificou-se que o tema está fortemente vinculado à área de Recursos Humanos, em estudos que buscam identificar os fatores de sucesso e fracasso dos processos de mobilidade internacional dos profissionais. A mobilidade internacional é vista como ferramenta estratégica para as empresas alcançarem seus objetivos e melhorias para a organização e seus empregados.
Cenários Prospectivos como Ferramenta de Gestão para Instituições de Ensino Superior
Authors: Silva Welton Roberto , Machado Neto Alfredo José , Guerra José Alfredo de Pádua
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a aplicação de cenários prospectivos em uma Instituição Municipal de Ensino Superior (IMES), em um espaço temporal de cinco anos (2018-2022), e comparar ao estudo similar desenvolvido para os cinco anos anteriores (2014-2018) a fim de identificar prováveis ameaças e oportunidades no segmento estudado. A pesquisa foi fundamentada em estudos sobre cenários prospectivos. Para a elaboração de cenários prospectivos foi utilizado o método Delphi. A coleta de dados foi realizada com o uso de questionário aplicado a profissionais que atuam em Instituição de Ensino Superior. Foi realizado um estudo de caso longitudinal e comparativo com uma abordagem quali-quantitativa dos dados. Como resultado, foi possível construir três cenários: otimista, pessimista e realista, que servirão de base para o planejamento estratégico da IMES. A comparação ao estudo realizado em 2014 mostrou que algumas das variáveis presentes naquela prospecção também aparecem na atual. A pesquisa contribui para os estudos sobre administração estratégica das Instituições de Ensino Superior e oferece uma contribuição prática para o planejamento dessas organizações: a construção de cenários e a análise de probabilidades de cenários futuros para as organizações de ensino. Também oferece uma contribuição prática para outras Instituições de Ensino Superior da região pesquisada.
Adaptação em Equipes Virtuais
Authors: Euko Pedro Henrique , Cazarini Edson Walmir
Published: August 2020

Equipes virtuais é um tema em crescimento na literatura de gestão. Os processos de adaptação das pessoas em uma equipe virtual devem considerar as características específicas do trabalho nessas equipes. O objetivo deste estudo é realizar um levantamento sobre os métodos apresentados na literatura para a adaptação de uma pessoa em uma equipe virtual. O problema de pesquisa é: quais métodos são utilizados para adaptar as pessoas que iniciam a sua participação em equipes virtuais? A abordagem teórica é fundamentada na literatura sobre equipes tradicionais e em estudos sobre equipes virtuais. A metodologia utilizada é a revisão sistemática. Os resultados evidenciaram três eixos de ações para a adaptação de pessoas às equipes virtuais: o papel dos métodos de treinamentos, o domínio das ferramentas de tecnologia da informação e o desenvolvimento de relações baseadas na confiança entre as pessoas. A pesquisa também mostra o papel de gestores e líderes na gestão de equipes virtuais. Essa pesquisa mostrou a necessidade de que as capacidades requeridas para o trabalho em equipes virtuais sejam incluídas nos currículos das instituições de ensino, visto ser crescente o trabalho em ambientes virtuais. Pesquisas futuras também podem analisar como desenvolver relações de confiança entre membros e líderes das equipes virtuais e entre esses e a organização, a partir de relacionamentos virtuais que precisam ser desenvolvidos rapidamente e também, por vezes, rapidamente são finalizados/desconectados.
Tradisi Maulid Arba'in di Kampung Arab al Munawwar, Palembang
Authors: Fatonah Dewi
Published: August 2020

This research is a qualitative descriptive study, which discusses about the tradition of the Maulid Arba’in at Al Munawwar, the Arab Villageof Palembang. The study was conducted using a living hadith approach, with the interview method as a data collection technique. To analyze the data, researcher used several stages, reducing data, describing empirial material, and then drawing conclusion and verifying them. The focus in this study is on how the Maulid Arba’in is going, the factors that influence the practice, and how the tradition of Maulid Arba’in is able to influence the community of Al Munawwar Arab Village. From this research it was found that the implementation of Maulid Arba’in which lasted for 40 days became its own uniequesness. The enthusiasm of the people is form of love to the Prophet and form of obedience as Muslims.
Konstruksi Puasa Waqi'ah
Authors: Idris Muhammad Anwar
Published: August 2020

Fasting is divided into at least two groups, namely required fasting and non-required fasting. The only fast that is required in Islam is fasting during Ramadan. In addition to fasting on Mondays and Thursdays, there is one type of fasting done at Pondok Pesantren an- Nur 1, Bululawang, Malang, East Java, which is interesting. Motivation, method of implementation, history, transmission- transformation of Waqi'ah fasting are special and far different from other non-required fasts. The interview, observation, documentation, and utilization of the living hadith approach used in this study, is able to uncover the fact that this fast is a "unique" fast that is only found in Pondok Pesantren an Nur and places the kiai of the pondok pesantren as an agent who has a major role in the formation of this Waqi'ah fasting tradition. This fast originates from the transformation and construction of the benefit of surah al-Waqiah. The fasting which is carried out for seven consecutive days needs to be done together with the dhikr and read the surah al-Waqiah. Waqi’ah fasting must obtain permission from the kiai (ijazah). As the hadith is used as the basis for the implementation of this fast, the purpose of the implementation of this fast is none other than to get great fortune.
Living Hadis di Kampung Madinah, Temboro, Magetan
Authors: Awabien Muhammad Rasyied
Published: August 2020

Temboro Village is located in Magetan, East Java, has a unique Islamic life. In this village, almost the entire community tried to imitate the life and Islamic life of the people of Madinah. This is evidenced from how to dress and the habit of hastening prayer in the mosque and closing the shop when prayer time arrives. Although the style of dress wearing a niqab for women and wearing special trousers for men, Islam in the village of Temboro is considered not radical. Based on interviews and observations, it was found that the Islamic style in Temboro Village was oriented towards the Jama'ah Tabligh and had a large positive impact. The living quran approach used is able to reveal that religious life in Temboro Village has experienced a significant shift. In addition, the economy of the community has also increased since the presence of several Islamic boarding schools in that place.
Tradisi Zikir dan Pengajian Kitab Turast Malam Kamis di Dusun Papringan
Authors: Salda Maulana Iban
Published: August 2020

This paper examines the tradition of zikr and study of turats on Thursday nights in Papringan Village. This paper aims to examine the reception of the local community on the hadith about particular days so that the routine schedule of zikr in Papringan Village is held on Thursday night and not Friday night as is customary in the other locations. Furthermore, this paper examines the impact of zikr and the study of turats on the Papringan Village community. With interview techniques, this research shows that the reason for establishing Thursday night as a routine night of zikr and study of turats is because it has just happened (hereditary) and there is glory on Thursday, the day of forgiveness of sins. The reception of the results of zikr and study of turats was received quite well as evidenced by the conducive behavior of the local community (forming the good akhlaq of the community). However, tradition of zikr and study of turats on Thursday nights in Papringan Village not significantly contributes to the understandingof Islam.
Tradisi Sholawat Mansub Habib Sholeh Bin Muhsin Al-Hamid di Tempeh Tengah, Lumajang
Authors: Mufidah Rizqotul Luqi , Farida Norma Azmi
Published: August 2020

Living Quran and Hadith studies are increasingly prevalent in Indonesia, the studies increasingly reveals that many traditions of society or groups are based on the Qur’an and hadith. This article focuses on the tradition of reading the sholawat mansub by Habib Sholeh bin Muhsin Al-Hamid in Tempeh Tengah Village, Tempeh District, Lumajang Regency, East Java. Shalawat mansub is a result of the spiritual journey of Habib Sholeh who met with the Prophet Khidir.Then it become a community tradition that was read every night Friday Kliwon 141 times. Then the community perpetuates the recitation of sholawat mansub  as a means of tawasul to facilitate all matters. This paper aims to identify phenomenon that use Talal Asad’s theory that Islam as a discursive tradition. This research is a field research about the phenomenon of living hadith. The data used are library sources and interviews that are processed in analytic descriptive. The result of this study are the tradition of reading the blessings of Mansub as a discursive tradition that is accepted and practiced by the people of Central Tempeh, Lumajang. So that the hadiths related to this phenomenon are presentedas a form of text that intermediate human's approach to Allah Swt.
Tidak Ada Penyakit Menular: Praktik Dakwah Jamaah Tabligh dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Penyebaran Covid-19
Authors: Mustautina Inayatul
Published: August 2020

This research discussed the conversion of Jama'ah Tabligh Bantarkawung, Brebes, Central Java, and its effects on the spread of Covid-19. In this case, the phenomenon of Jama'ah Tabligh's preaching activity produced a wide variety of reactions. The methods employed in this study combines field research with literature. The results in this paper are; first, the practice of Jama 'ah Tabligh preaching at Bantarkawung that attended the Ijma' Ulama' Jamaah Tabligh at Gowa during the Covid-19 pandemic. Second, there is a say that there is no contagious disease, if it is contagious, then it must be transmitted by God's will. Third, the approximately 27 person of Jama'ah Tabligh Bantarkawung who attended Ijtima Ulama' Gowa, 17 person were positively Covid-19 proved by rapid test. Then, 13 person tested positive for swab tests that made their home area become Covid-19 red zone.
Kritik Ignaz Goldziher dan Pembelaan Musthofa al Azami terhadap Hadis dalam Kitab Shahih al-Bukhari
Authors: Helma Hera Siska
Published: August 2020

Kritik terhadap  kitab hadis akan selalu muncul, walaupun para ulama sudah bersepakat bahwa kitab hadis tersebut shahih, hal ini bisa  dilihat dari kitab shahih Imam al-Bukhari, dimana Imam al-Bukhari sudah menyatakan bahwa hadis yang terdapat dalam kitabnya (Shahih al-Bukhari) semua hadisnya shahih, dan itu sudah diakui oleh jumhur ulama akan keshahihan kitab hadis shahih al-Bukhari. Walaupun demikian, juga dapat kritikan dari orientalis yaitu Ignaz Goldziher ia juga termasuk pengkaji hadis yang berasal dari Barat, ia mengatakan bahwa hadis yang terdapat dalam shahih Imam al-Bukhari tidak shahih dan ada hadis palsu didalamnya, kemudian Imam al-Bukhari hanya mengkritik hadis dari segi sanadnya dan tidak pada matannya. Sehingga ia menawarkan dalam membahas hadis harus mengkritik juga matannya dan  Ignaz tidak mengakui bahwa hadis yang terdapat dalam kitab shahih Imam al-Bukhari berasal dari Nabi Muhammad SAW melainkan hadis tersebut berasal hanya dari generasi setelah Nabi karena masa pengkodifikasian (pembukuaan) jauh setelah Rasulullah wafat dan hal tersebut dibantah oleh Musthofa al-Azami bahwa tuduhan Ignaz Goldziher terhadap hadis yang ada dalam kitab shahih al-Bukhari tidak valid dijadikan sebagai kebenaran.
An integrative approach to professional development to support college- and career- readiness standards
Authors: Pak Katie , Desimone Laura M. , Parsons Arianna
Published: August 2020

Though scholars agree that professional development (PD) is a key mechanism for implementing education policies that call for teacher change, and that PD generally needs to be content-focused, active, collaborative, coherent, and sustained, the application of this framework has yielded mixed results. In this qualitative study, we employed structured interviewing methods to explore how district leaders across five states are implementing college- and career- readiness (CCR) standards across the United States by creatively adapting and integrating the features of this PD framework in order to meet the demands of this mandated educational policy. We illustrate a revised model for how 70 district officials are conceptualizing these features of PD to support CCR standards-based learning.
Efectos de los procesos de evaluación y acreditación en los académicos. Un estudio de caso en una institución de educación superior colombiana
Authors: Suárez-Landazábal Nelcy , Buendía Angélica
Published: August 2020

La implementación de las políticas públicas de evaluación y acreditación que de manera imperativa son asumidas en las instituciones de educación superior colombianas, plantean la inminente adopción de un nuevo modelo de universidad que introduce la lógica de mercado y modifica las funciones sustantivas, produciendo un efecto directo en el rol que desempeñan los actores académicos que sin evidente resistencia interiorizan una nueva forma de vida institucional. Esta problemática se aborda mediante una investigación de carácter cualitativo a partir de un estudio de caso único en la modalidad de histórico-organizacional en una institución de educación superior pública colombiana. Los resultados muestran que la institución reconfigura su historia asumiendo los lineamientos que le imponen las políticas públicas en las que subyace una perspectiva de gestión de la educación superior sustentada en propuestas internacionales en donde la Nueva Gestión Pública (NGP) y la gobernanza generan dinámicas diferentes que modifican las reglas de juego al sobrevalorarse la función de investigación y otorgan un nuevo sentido al trabajo de los académicos en una lógica de producción científica en pro de logros institucionales que proveen prestigio y posicionamiento en los rankings nacionales e internacionales.
ADAÇAYI EKSTRAKTLARININ FARKLI YÖNTEMLER İLE KONSANTRASYONUNUN MATEMATİKSEL MODELLENMESİ VE KALİTE ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: DİNÇER Cüneyt
Published: August 2020

Bu çalışmada adaçayı ekstraktlarının konsantrasyonunun modellenmesi ve konsantrasyon işleminin adaçayı ekstraktlarının kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla uygulamalar termal vakum konsantrasyon (75, 80 ve 85 ºC, 250 mbar basınç) ve mikrodalga vakum konsantrasyon (180, 300, ve 450W, 250 mbar basınç) olmak üzere iki farklı konsantrasyon sisteminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hedeflenen 40 °Bx konsantrasyon seviyesine en kısa sürede 450 W’ta gerçekleştirilen mikrodalga vakum konsantrasyon uygulamasıyla ulaşılmıştır. Örneklerin konsantrasyon kinetiğinin modellenmesinde 13 farklı model kullanılmıştır. Termal yöntem ile konsantre edilen adaçayı örnekleriyle en iyi uyumu Modifiye Henderson ve Pabis modeli gösterirken, mikrodalga yöntemiyle konsantre edilen örnekler için en iyi uyum gösteren model Midilli olmuştur. Konsantre edilen örneklerin fizikokimyasal özelliklerinde genel olarak önemli değişimler gözlenmemiştir.
Polymorphism and Divergence of Novel Gene Expression Patterns in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Cridland Julie M , Majane Alex C , Sheehy Hayley K , Begun David J
Published: August 2020

One mechanism by which transcriptomes evolve is though tissue-specific gene expression. Cridland et al. measured gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster in five tissues: accessory gland, testis, larval salivary gland, head, and first....
Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Study of Bicelles and Proteobicelles with Incorporated Mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase
Authors: Siposova K. , Petrenko V. I. , Ivankov O. I. , Bulavin L. A. , Musatov A.
Published: August 2020

The structural investigations of a model membrane system, bicelles, and the aggregation state of isolated and purified bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) in bicelles have been performed using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), SANS contrast variation, and complemented by various biophysical and biochemical techniques. The average size of bicelles prepared from long-chain 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and short-chain 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine was found to be about 22 nm with a thickness of about 4 nm. Enzyme in bicelles was remained active and structurally unaltered. The estimated volume of protein in bicelles of 240 nm3 corresponded well to the monomeric form of CcO. The ab initio modeling supports the experimental data and suggests that CcO in bicelles is a homogeneous monomeric complex incorporated into bicelles.
Experimental Approach to the Creation of Efficient Multicomponent Nanocomposites for Antitumor Therapy
Authors: Kutsevol N. , Kuziv Y. , Chumachenko V. , Nadtoka O. , Bulavin L. , Chekhun V.
Published: August 2020

Water-soluble polymers with special characteristics can be used as carriers in which the active ingredients are entrapped, encapsulated, adsorbed, or chemically attached. The understanding of the processes occurring during the formation of multicomponent nanosystems is the urgent task for the synthesis of antitumor nanocomposites. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), photosensitizer Chlorine e6 (Ce6), and Doxorubicin (Dox) are currently used for the photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. We have been focused on the study of three-component nanosystems Polymer/AuNPs/Ce6, and four-component nanosystems Polymer/AuNPs/Ce6/Dox at physiological temperatures (37 ∘C). The star-like copolymer with Dextran core and grafted Polyacrylamide chains in nonionic and anionic forms are used as a matrix for the synthesis of nanocomposites. The nanosystems are characterized by the dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The increasing of the aggregation processes for the four-component nanosystem Polymer/AuNPs/Ce6/Dox in comparison with the three-component one Polymer/AuNPs/Ce6 is registered. These nanosystems are tested in vitro against the subline of breast carcinoma MCF-7/S – sensitive to cytostatics. It is demonstrated that the increase of the aggregation process occurring in four-component systems leads to the loss of the antitumor activity of multicomponent drugs.
The Concept of Fractals in the Structural Analysis of Nanosystems: A Retrospective Look and Prospects
Authors: Tomchuk O. V.
Published: August 2020

The concept of fractals is widely used in various fields of science. By an example of the results obtained by L.A. Bulavin’s scientific school, the tendency toward a more intense application of the fractal analysis to structural studies of nanosystems has been demonstrated. It is shown that the peculiarities in the distribution of nanosystems over their fractal dimensions are related to the mechanisms of growth and aggregation of the dispersed phase. An important aspect of the considered issue is the kinetics of the process under the influence of various factors. The leading role of small-angle scattering methods (analysis in the reciprocal Fourier space) together with microscopy ones (analysis in the direct space) used to study advanced nanostructured materials in various states of matter is emphasized.
To the 90th Birthday of Petro Ivanovych Fomin (1930–2011)
Authors: Bakai O. S. , Bar’yakhtar V. G. , Gusynin V. P. , Zagorodny A. G. , Loktev V. M. , Peletminskii S. V. , Sitenko Yu. O. , Slyusarenko Yu. V. , Storizhko V. Yu. , Shulga M. F.
Published: August 2020

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To the 95th Birthday of Dmytro Vasylyovych Volkov (1925–1996)
Authors: Bakai O. S. , Bar’yakhtar V. G. , Gusynin V. P. , Zheltukhin O. O. , Zagorodny A. G. , Loktev V. M. , Peletminskii S. V. , Sitenko Yu. O. , Slyusarenko Yu. V. , Storizhko V. Yu. , Uvarov D. V. , Shulga M. F.
Published: August 2020

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Aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica leaves favorably alters the course of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats: A comparative prospective cohort study
Authors: Ezeigwe Obiajulu C. , Ezeonu Francis C. , Okani Chukwudi O. , Onwusulu Daniel N. , Onuegbu Maryclare E.
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Azadirachta indica (neem) is one of the plants commonly used in African traditional medicine for the treatment and management of diabetes mellitus. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of A. indica leaves on hematology, lipid profile and organ-system function of streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats.

Methods: Thirty albino rats of Wistar strain, weighing between 120 and 150 g, were randomly divided into 6 groups (A-F) and used for the study. Group A was used as a healthy normal control. Groups B-F were induced with diabetes using 50 mg/kg bodyweight (bw.) of streptozotocin. Group B was diabetic untreated; Group C was treated with 100 mg/kg bw. metformin; Groups D to F were treated with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bw. of the aqueous extract, respectively. The treatment was carried out daily for a period of 28 days. At the end of the experimental period, the hematological parameters were analyzed using auto haematology analyser. Lipid profiles and histopathological investigations were performed using standard methods.

Results: The results obtained showed that aqueous extract of A. indica significantly (p < 0.05) increased the hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, and platelet count of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats compared with those of the diabetic-untreated rats. The mean hemoglobin concentrations for groups A, B, C, D, E and F were 11.78, 8.200, 15.18, 13.88, 14.03 and 14.93, respectively. Treatment with the graded doses of the aqueous extract of A. indica significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and very-low-density lipoprotein, compared with those of the diabetic-untreated control. Treatment also significantly (p < 0.05) increased the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), compared with that of the control. The mean HDL-c concentration for groups A, B, C, D, E and F were 49.58, 29.79, 40.89, 38.53, 40.40 and 46.54, respectively. The histopathological studies showed regeneration of the pancreas, liver, kidney, heart, brain and lungs for the groups treated with the extract, compared with the diabetic-untreated animals that revealed severe damage to the organ-system functions.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the aqueous extract of A. indica can be considered as an excellent remedy for diabetes and a substitute for drugs to reduce complications associated with diabetic conditions.
COVID-19 around the world and the Chinese strategy to cope with SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Shereen Muhammad Adnan , Ullah Hafiz , Khan Suliman , Bashir Nadia , Kazmi Abeer , Saif Kainat , Qudus Muhammad Suhaib
Published: August 2020

SARS-CoV-2, a zoonotic virus, emerged in China causes Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Senior citizens and people with co-infections, genetic diseases, immune-compromised states, and cardiovascular diseases are at higher risk. There is no approved vaccine or drug available to treat COVID-19, although a few antivirals, interferon, and other drugs have reduced viral load in infected patients. However, these drugs have not been significantly effective in European countries. More than 40 different strains of SARS-CoV-2 have been detected in various parts of the world; they might have adapted themselves to the environmental conditions and have become resistant to therapeutic strategies. Many developed and developing countries are facing shortages of surgical masks and other protection tools. So far, the strategies developed by Chinese authorities have efficiently mitigated the SARS-CoV-2 transmission and limited mortality rate to less than 4%, with more than 78,000 people recovered from COVID-19. This review article highlights the pandemic conditions in different parts of the world, as well as possible reasons behind minimal COVID-19 infections and the high mortality rates. It will discuss information about China’s strategies to cope with SARS-CoV-2 which can help other countries to mitigate viral spread and infection.
ПРЕВЕНТИВНА ДИПЛОМАТИЧНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ У ЗОВНІШНЬОПОЛІТИЧНІЙ СТРАТЕГІЇ ТУРКМЕНІСТАНУ
Authors: Mykytchuk Nataliia
Published: August 2020

Досліджено роль і місце превентивної дипломатії у зовнішній політиці сучасного Туркменістану. Визначено, що Туркменістан обрав курс на постійний нейтралітет для забезпечення рівних можливостей у розвитку двосторонніх відносин з іншими країнами. Виявлено, що досвід посередництва і превентивної дипломатії, набутий у 1990-х рр., Туркменістан прагне розширювати, беручи участь у діяльності відповідних інституцій ООН та ОБСЄ. Визначено, що з ініціативи Туркменістану, підтриманої іншими державами регіону, в Ашгабаті відкрито Регіональний центр ООН з превентивної дипломатії для Центральної Азії (РЦПДЦА). З’ясовано, що діяльність РЦПДЦА сприяє підтримці безпеки в регіоні на належному рівні та консолідації зусиль країн Центральної Азії для боротьби з сучасними загрозами. Встановлено, що результатом участі Туркменістану у діяльності РЦПДЦА є ініціативи, озвучені на засіданнях структур ООН та спрямовані на розширення застосування дипломатичних засобів вирішення конфліктів, а також інтеграція підходів, запропонованих РЦПДЦА, у підготовку дипломатичних співробітників.
Potensi bakteri pelarut P dan Penambat N rhizosper kelapa sawit gambut saprik
Authors: Istina Ida Nur , Widiastuti Happy , Joy Benny
Published: August 2020

Pemanfaatan pupuk hayati sangat berpotensi untuk menurunkan input produksi pada budidaya kelapa sawit khususnya pupuk. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan Bakteri Pelarut P dan Penambat N yang berpotensi sebagai bahan pupuk hayati dari rizosfer tanaman kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan gambut saprik Kabupaten Pelalawan, Provinsi Riau dari bulan Juni sampai November 2014. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan menggunakan bor gambut pada bagian rizosfer dengan kedalaman sampai 20 cm. Isolasi dan karakterisasi dengan metode pure plate menggunakan media selektif N Ashby untuk penambatan N dan Pikovskaya untuk pelarutan P, sedangkan analisis fiksasi N dan pelarutan P dilakukan menggunakan HPLC dan spektrofotometer di Laboratorium mikrobiologi PT. RPN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanah gambut saprik berpotensi sebagai sumber isolat bakteri pelarut P dan penambat N potensial. Jumlah isolat bakteri pelarut P yang berhasil diperoleh adalah 11 isolat sedangkan jumlah bakteri penambat N non-simbiotik adalah 6 isolat. Isolat bakteri pelarut P potensial asal Sungai Ara dengan kemampuan melarutkan P 329,94 ppm; sedangkan bakteri penambat N non-simbiotik potensial adalah asal Kuala Panduk dengan kemampuan fiksasi N 0,0293 mmol l-1jam-1. ABSTRACTUtilization of biofertilizer is potential to decrease production inputs on oil palm cultivation, especially fertilizer expense. The research aimed to obtain Solubilizing P-Bacteria and Non-Symbiotic Fixing N bacteria which potential as biological fertilizer from oil palm rhyzosphere. The research was conducted at Pelalawan sapric peat soil from June to November 2014. Soil samples were taken by using peat drill into 20 cm soil depth, while isolation and characterization used pure plate method by using the selective media N Ashby for N fixation and Pikovskaya for P solubility. N fixation and P dissolution analyzed by using HPLC and spectrophotometer at PT. RPN microbiology laboratory. The results showed that sapric peat soil potentially utilize as microbial resource. The number of phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolates were 11 isolates, while the number of non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation bacteria inhibiting N Azotobacter sp. were 6 isolates. The potential isolate of P-solubilizing bacteria was Sungai Ara origin with the ability to dissolve P about 329.94 ppm; while the potential of non-symbiotic N-fixing bacteria was Kuala Panduk origin with N fixation ability 0.0293 mmoll-1h-1.
Numerical Analysis of the Characteristics of Glass Photonic Crystal Fibers Infiltrated with Alcoholic Liquids
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Thi , Chu Trang Thi Gia , Le Minh Van , Tran Vu Quoc , Nguyen Manh The , Doan Khoa Quoc , Dinh Khoa Xuan , Chu Lanh Van , Le Tran Tran Bao
Published: August 2020

The characteristics of PCF with various air hole diameters infiltrated with alcoholic liquids such as ethanol, methanol, propanol and butanol are numerically investigated. Based on the numerical results, we have analyzed and compare in detail the characteristics of these fibers including effective refractive index, effective mode area, dispersion and confinement loss for two case: the diameters and lattices constant of air holes are equal 1 µm and 5µm, 1.42µm and 3.26µm, respectively. The PCF infiltrated with ethanol and butanol showed better near zero flattened dispersion property at 1.42µm and 1µm wavelength respectively. With diameters and lattices constant of air holes equal 1.42μm and 3.26μm, the smallest dispersion of PCF filled with ethanol of 5.91075308 (ps.(nm.km)-1) and methanol of 19.3592474 (ps.(nm.km)-1). The highest ZDW of the PCF infiltrated with ethanol and methanol is 1.24604224µm and 1.22405714µm, respectively. Specially, the value of effective refractive index, effective mode area, dispersion and confinement loss decrease in an orderly manner from butanol, propanol, ethanol to methanol and all the alcoholic liquids’s cuvers of dispersion are flat and are very close to each other and near the zero dispersion curve in case the diameters and lattices constant of air holes are equal 1µm and 5µm. The proposed PCF shows a promising prospect in technology applications such as supercontinuum generation.
Microfluidic Chip for Trapping Magnetic Nanoparticles and Heating in Terms of Biological Analysis
Authors: Le Ngoc Tu , Nguyen Cong Thinh , Tran Lam Dai , Nguyen Van-Anh , Cao Hong Ha
Published: August 2020

In this study, we reported the results of the design and the fabrication a planar coil in copper (square, a = 10 mm, 15mm high, 90 turns), these planar coils were integrated in a microfluidic chip for trapping magnetic nanoparticles and local heating applications. A small thermocouple (type K, 1 mm tip size) was put directly on top of the micro-channel in poly(dimethyl-siloxane) in order to measure the temperature inside the channel during applying current. The design of planar coils was based on optimizing the results of the magnetic calculation. The most suitable value of the magnetic field generated by the coil was calculated by ANSYS® software corresponded to the different distances from the coil surface to the micro-channel bottom (magnetic field strength Hmax = 825 A/m). The magnetic filed and heating relationship was balanced in order to manipulating the trapping magnetic nanoparticles and heating process. This design of the microfluidic chip can be used to develop a complex microfluidic chip using magnetic nanoparticles.
Effect of Molecular Charge Asymmetry on Even-to-odd Ratio of High-order Harmonic Generation
Authors: Nguyen-Huynh Kim-Ngan , Le Cam-Tu , Phan Ngoc-Loan Thi , Nguyen Hien Thi , Tran Lan-Phuong
Published: August 2020

Recently, asymmetric molecules, such as HeH\(_2^+\), CO, OCS, HCl, have been evolved much attention since its rich information in the high-order harmonic generation (HHG), whose ratio of adjacent even and odd harmonics characterizes the asymmetry of molecules. In this paper, we study the dependence of even-to-odd ratio on the asymmetric parameters, in particular, the nuclear-charge ratio, and the permanent dipole, by exploiting a simple but general model of asymmetric molecules \(Z_1Z_2\) subjected to an intense laser pulse. The HHG is simulated by the numerical method of solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. We find out that this even-to-odd ratio strongly depends on the nuclear-charge ratio. In particular, the even-to-odd ratio reaches its maximum when the nuclear-charge ratio is about from 0.5 to 0.7. Besides, the dependence on the permanent dipole of the even-to-odd ratio has a non-trivial law. To explain, we calculate the analytical ratio of the transition dipole according to the emission of even and odd harmonics, and this ratio is well consistent with the even-to-odd ratio of the HHG.
Effect of Sm and Mn Co-doping on the Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of \(\text{BiFeO}_{3}\) Polycrystalline Ceramics
Authors: Nguyen Van Hao , Pham Van Hai , Truong Thi Thao , Nguyen Thi Minh Hong , Pham Truong Tho
Published: August 2020

The crystal structure, phonon vibration, microstructure, and magnetic properties have been investigated in multiferroics Bi0.9Sm0.1Fe1-xMnxO3 for \(x = 0.02 – 0.1\). The structural analysis by XRD and Rietveld refinement suggest that Mn doping compounds crystallize in the polar R3c rhombohedral symmetry (isostructural with BiFeO3). Raman analysis confirms no structural transformation but the change of line widths and peak intensities reveal the lattice distortion in Mn-substitution samples. The study of microstructure shows no obvious change of grain size and shape. The magnetic properties of the as-prepared samples show the linear magnetic field dependence of magnetization, suggesting the antiferromagnetic feature of polycrystalline ceramics. The field dependence of magnetization measured after two-years synthesis and after applying an electric field reveal a decrease of maximum magnetization but the hysteresis loops retain the antiferromagnetic behavior. The implication of these results is that the magnetic properties of single structural phase compound, including coercivity and remanent magnetization, do not show the aging behavior as observed in the morphotropic phase boundary systems.
Valance Band Maximum and Thermoelectric Properties of Bi\(_2\)O\(_2\)Se: First-Principles Calculations
Authors: Tran Van Quang
Published: August 2020

Bi2O2Se has been known as a promising thermoelectric material with low thermal conductivity. Detail understanding of band structure is therefore important. In this report, by employing first-principles density functional theory and using primitive unit cell, the electronic band structure of Bi2O2Se is examined. The compound is found to be a narrow band gap semiconductor with very flat bands at the valence band maximum (VBM). Nevertheless, the curvature of energy surface at VBM is directional dependent. Overall, the heavy bands at VBM do not reduce drastically electrical conductivity. It is demonstrated by utilizing the solution of Boltzmann Transport Equation to compute the transport coefficients, i.e. the Seebeck coefficient, the electrical conductivity thereby the power factor and the electronic thermal conductivity. The figure of merit of the compound is also estimated and discussed. The p-type doping is suggested increasing the thermoelectric performance of the compound. All results are in good agreement with experiments and calculations reported earlier.
Anomalous Magnetic Dipole Moment \((g-2)\mu\) in 3-3-1 Model with Inverse Seesaw Neutrinos
Authors: Tran Dinh Tham , Nguyen Thanh Phong , Le Tho Hue
Published: August 2020

We will show that the recent experimental value of the anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) of the charged lepton m , denoted as \(a_mu (g-2)\mu/2\), can be explained successfully in a 3-3-1 model with right handed neutrino adding new heavy \(SU (3)_L\) neutrinos singlets. Allowed regions satisfying the recent AMM data are illustrated numerically.
Виды эффективности государственного сектора экономики и их классификация
Authors: Герсонская Ирина Валерьевна
Published: August 2020

Цель: статья посвящена научным подходам к экономической категории «эффективность государственного сектора экономики» и классификации ее видов, поскольку на современном этапе социальноэкономического развития вопросы повышения эффективности функционирования государственного сектора являются актуальными для большинства стран мира. Обсуждение: посредством государственного сектора экономики осуществляется процесс производства общественных благ, а также происходит государственное регулирование экономики, что предполагает значимость и важность научных исследований в данной области. Однако в современной экономической теории методологические вопросы оценки эффективности госсектора еще до конца не проработаны, отсутствует единое определение этой экономической категории и классификация видов эффективности государственного сектора. Результаты: автор предлагает классификацию видов экономической эффективности государственного сектора экономики, которая с различных позиций отражает действенность и результативность его функционирования. В процессе оценки эффективности различных направлений государственной деятельности целесообразно, на наш взгляд, обобщить целевые, ресурсные, социально-экономические, институциональные и общественные показатели, систематизация которых позволит в полной мере оценить эффективность функционирования государственного сектора экономики.
Адаптивный таргет-анализ прогнозных вариантов ожидаемой реальности
Authors: Давнис Валерий Владимирович , Белокопытова Татьяна Николаевна , Чекмарев Артем Витальевич
Published: August 2020

Цель: дать описание нового метода сравнительного анализа прогнозных вариантов, формируемых с помощью адаптивно-таргетированных регрессионных моделей и показать возможность его практического применения. Обсуждение: приводится достаточно подробное описание процедуры адаптивного регрессионного анализа и на его основе предлагается двухшаговая процедура сравнительного анализа авторегрессионной модели, полученной после таргетирования с этой же самой моделью до таргетирования. Результаты анализа, как правило, хорошо интерпретируются, позволяя понять на качественном уровне основные различия между прошлым периодом и ожидаемой реальностью, характеристики которой предусматриваются прогнозным образом. Приведены результаты расчетов, иллюстрирующих возможность практического использования предлагаемой методики сравнительного анализа. Результаты: разработана процедура экономического анализа ожидаемого будущего, описываемого многовариантной структурой прогнозного образа.