bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards Knowledge-Based Waqf Organizations
Authors: Laallam Abdelkader , Kassim Salina , Rabiah Adawiah Engku , Saiti Buerhan
Published: December 2019

The world is changing at a great pace and acceleration. The role of science, knowledge, and learning has emerged, in developing and adopting appropriate methods to manage and transfer knowledge and experience within an organization and making it available for everyone to share and exchange easily, through knowledge fountains and databases. This chapter introduces the concept of knowledge management to waqf institutions and the potential contribution that can be provided by this in solving many problems and challenges confronting them, in the hope of achieving a qualitative leap in performance and restoring their leading role in societies. There is some evidence that researchers have addressed the issue of knowledge management in the context of waqf institutions. Consequently, this chapter draws attention to the importance of knowledge management for waqf institutions, with the intent of providing a comprehensive understanding of this topic and its association with the organizational performance enhancements, from different angles.
Islamic Wealth Management and Issues in Waqf Management in Malaysia
Authors: Mohamad Shamsher , Mohamad Mohamed Ariff
Published: December 2019

This chapter briefly examines ideas from Islamic wealth management and waqf concepts to see if there are ways in which human welfare can be better managed on a community-action level without the visible hands of the government. To do this, authors first examine the concept of Islamic wealth management, and then provide some discussion on how waqf assets already in place in all Islamic countries could be mobilised to meet the needs of communities for sustainable economic development as well as fairer ways of looking after the needs of the have-nots of societies.
Cable-Driven Robots in Physical Rehabilitation
Authors: Gonçalves Rogério Sales , Alves Thiago , Carbone Giuseppe , Ceccarelli Marco
Published: December 2019

This chapter deals with cable-driven robots when applied in physical rehabilitation. In general, neurorehabilitation is limited to physical therapy that is delivered by clinicians and potentially augmented by robotic tools to facilitate neurorehabilitation and to reduce the consequences of central nervous system injury. Among the robotic tools for rehabilitation can be considered the cable-driven manipulators. First, this chapter presents the upper and lower human limbs movements. The main rehabilitation robots are presented as exoskeletons and cable-driven manipulators. After, the cable-driven manipulators theory is introduced focusing on considerations for robot design in rehabilitation and control with safe human-machine interaction. Experimental examples with different cable-driven robot's structures are presented so that this chapter suggests that these structures can be used as a complement to conventional therapies and not as a substitute. Finally, this chapter presents the clinical evidence in cable-driven robots when applied in physical rehabilitation.
Romania
Authors: Nicodim Liliana , Nistoreanu Puiu
Published: December 2019

An important component of the anthropic resource category, slow, is represented by the gastronomic component, namely through ethno-cultural events organized throughout the country. As a result of the research, the authors learned that a wide range of festivals and events are organized on the territory of Romania that are promoting the traditional products specific to the different regions. These constitute the main ways to promote tourism for the areas in which they occur. The authors found that Romanian tourists are eager to know their country and that is why these manifestations have real success. Wine-related resources form a real promotional tool for slow current and especially for and slow food. The presence of these resources fits perfectly between two important components of slow movement, namely slow tourism and slow food. The authors, therefore, have a moving part and a feeding component that when combined give to the tourist products of a much greater value than if there was a tourist product for each component.
A Method of Predicting Moments of Market Trend Reversal for Decision-Making Block of Computer-Based Intelligent Financial Agent-Avatar
Authors: Chernyshenko Vsevolod , Soloviev Vladimir , Feklin Vadim , Koroteev Mikhail , Titov Nikita
Published: December 2019

The chapter formalizes the financial task for the definitions and properties of financial indicators under study. A wide range of traditional approaches used for predicting economic time series were reviewed. Investigated as well were the advanced algorithms for predicting moments of reversals of market trends based on machine learning tools. The chapter discusses the effectiveness of different kinds of approaches, which is illustrated with related examples. Described is an original securities price dynamics trend classification algorithm, based on the use of the sliding window methodology and financial agents. General scheme of the classification algorithm to identify market phases is analyzed and results of computer modeling are presented. Selection of initial and resulting metrics is grounded.
Peasant Farms and Industrial Development
Authors: Tuskov Andrey , Volodin Viktor , Goldina Anna , Salnikova Olga
Published: December 2019

The authors propose a general formulation of the economic and mathematical model of the problem of optimizing the size of the newly created peasant farms and Industrial Development, taking into account the chosen specialization of activity, as well as determining the optimal parameters for the already-known size of farms. The developed mathematical model differs from the classical one by the presence of additional blocks, which prescribe the sales channels of manufactured products and determine the necessary financial resources. The proposed methodological approach should be used for planning the development of regional economies, taking into account the existing specifics.
Chaotic Function Based ECG Encryption System
Authors: Singh Butta , Singh Manjit , Sharma Dixit
Published: December 2019

Remote health-care monitoring systems communicate biomedical information (e.g. Electrocardiogram (ECG)) over insecure networks. Protection of the integrity, authentication and confidentiality of the medical data is a challenging issue. This chapter proposed an encryption process having a 4-round five steps -encryption structure includes: the random pixel insertion, row separation, substitution of each separated row, row combination and rotation. Accuracy and security analysis of proposed method for 2D ECG encryption is evaluated on MIT-BIH arrhythmia database.
DNA Sequence Based Cryptographic Solution for Secure Image Transmission
Authors: Jacob Grasha , Annamalai Murugan
Published: December 2019

With the advent of electronic transactions, images transmitted across the internet must be protected and prevented from unauthorized access. Various encryption schemes have been developed to make information intelligible only to the intended user. This chapter proposes an encryption scheme based on DNA sequences enabling secure transmission of images.
Cryptographic Techniques Based on Bio-Inspired Systems
Authors: Anghelescu Petre
Published: December 2019

In this chapter, bio-inspired techniques based on the cellular automata (CAs) and programmable cellular automata (PCAs) theory are used to develop information security systems. The proposed cryptosystem is composed from a combination of a CA as a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) and a PCA that construct the ciphering functions of the designed enciphering scheme. It is presented how simple elements named „cells” interact between each other using certain rules and topologies to form a larger system that can be used to encrypt/decrypt data sent over network communication systems. The proposed security system was implemented in hardware in FPGA devices of type Spartan 3E – XC3S500E and was analyzed and verified, including NIST statistical tests, to assure that the system has good security and high speed. The experimental results proves that the cryptographic techniques based on bio-inspired algorithms provides an alternative to the conventional techniques (computational methods).
Applicability of Cellular Automata in Cryptanalysis
Authors: Bhasin Harsh , Alam Naved
Published: December 2019

Cryptanalysis refers to finding the plaintext from the given cipher text. The problem reduces to finding the correct key from a set of possible keys, which is basically a search problem. Many researchers have put in a lot of effort to accomplish this task. Most of the efforts used conventional techniques. However, soft computing techniques like Genetic Algorithms are generally good in optimized search, though the applicability of such techniques to cryptanalysis is still a contentious point. This work carries out an extensive literature review of the cryptanalysis techniques, finds the gaps there in, in order to put the proposed technique in the perspective. The work also finds the applicability of Cellular Automata in cryptanalysis. A new technique has been proposed and verified for texts of around 1000 words. Each text is encrypted 10 times and then decrypted using the proposed technique. The work has also been compared with that employing Genetic Algorithm. The experiments carried out prove the veracity of the technique and paves way of Cellular automata in cryptanalysis. The paper also discusses the future scope of the work.
Towards Parameterized Shared Key for AVK Approach
Authors: Prajapat Shaligram , Thakur Ramjeevan Singh
Published: December 2019

“Key” plays a vital role in every symmetric key cryptosystem. The obvious way of enhancing security of any cryptosystem is to keep the key as large as possible. But it may not be suitable for low power devices since higher computation will be done for longer keys and that will increase the power requirement which decreases the device's performance. In order to resolve the former specified problem an alternative approach can be used in which the length of key is fixed and its value varies in every session. This is Time Variant Key approach or Automatic Variable Key (AVK) approach. The Security of AVK based cryptosystem is enhanced by exchanging some parameters instead of keys between the communicating parties, then these parameters will be used to generate required keys at the receiver end. This chapter presents implementation of the above specified Mechanism. A model has been demonstrated with parameterized scheme and issues in AVK approach. Further, it has been analyzed from different users' perspectives. This chapter also highlights the benefits of AVK model to ensure two levels of security with characterization of methods for AVK and Estimation of key computation based on parameters only. The characteristic components of recent styles of key design with consideration of key size, life time of key and breaking threshold has also been pointed out. These characteristics are essential in the design of efficient symmetric key cryptosystem. The novel approach of AVK based cryptosystem is suitable for low power devices and useful for exchanging very large objects or files. This scheme has been demonstrated with Fibonacci-Q matrix and sparse matrix based diffused key information exchange procedures. These models have been further tested from perspective of hackers and cryptanalyst, to exploit any weakness with fixed size dynamic keys.
Supply Chain Coordination in the Textile and Apparel Industry
Authors: De-Pablos-Heredero Carmen , De-Pablos-Heredero Mónica
Published: December 2019

The textile and apparel industry has been immersed in processes of deep changes during the last years that have impacted in the way firms produce and sell products in the international context. The need to make agreements with different supply chain partners and the evolution of information and communication technologies have promoted important changes on how relationships are coordinated. This chapter performs a systematical review of the literature on supply chain coordination in the textile and apparel industry and offers new research directions and managerial implications. According to the revision, previous research in this area mainly focuses on supply chain coordination mechanisms, especially contracts. However, there are also organizational and technological mechanisms that can become good opportunities to properly coordinate in this industry.
The Eurasian Idea of Nursultan Nazarbayev
Authors: Saltybayev Yerzhan , Parkhomchik Lidiya
Published: December 2019

The First President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev had always emphasized the mutual influences of the culture and religions of people living in the country. Having absorbed both the European and Asian traditions Kazakhstan illustrates the principles of a diverse country that could build bridges among West and East. It became obvious that the newly independent nation led by Nursultan Nazarbayev was confronted with the need to find new forms of cooperation with the world community after the major geopolitical change. As a result, the Leader of the Nation proposed the long-term initiative, namely, the Eurasian idea that was designed to create an atmosphere of mutual confidence and cooperation. In this regard, this chapter will briefly identify the preconditions for the introduction of the Eurasian initiative with special emphasis placed on the transformation of Kazakhstan's vision of the issue. As a result, the conclusions of this chapter focus on the further prospects for integration between the Eurasian states within the frameworks of Nazarbayev's Eurasian concept.
“External Contour” of Eurasian Integration
Authors: Fedorov Nikolai
Published: December 2019

The Eurasian Economic Union is interested in development of cooperation with external actors. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is considered as a prospect partner. ASEAN states play a significant role in economy and international relations in the Asia-Pacific region. The ASEAN is seen as one of the key institutions in Asia-Pacific integration. Moscow keeps stable and friendly relations with many states of Southeast Asia and the ASEAN. It lays a solid foundation for development of a dialogue in Eurasian format. The EAEU signed with Vietnam a free trade agreement in 2015 and it is negotiating on similar treaties with some other states of the ASEAN. The Association expressed readiness to consider the issue of a comprehensive free trade zone between the EAEU and the ASEAN. In November 2018 the Eurasian Economic Commission and the ASEAN Secretariat adopted a memorandum of understanding. The dialogue in Eurasian format can accelerate cooperation between states of the EAEU and Southeast Asia and create more benevolent conditions for alignment of the EAEU and the ASEAN.
Reputation Management and a Corporate Identity
Authors: Rink Olga
Published: December 2019

Reputation management is based on digital platforms and tools such as monitoring mass or social media, compliance facilities, and trade credit ratings. The digital instruments extensively utilize various methods of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and predictive analytics, including neural networks and natural language processing (NLP). The computational tools simplify managerial challenges, though assume their users to understand the whole scope and logical structures of data management. Opinions about a company, person, product, or a country are important, but financial consequences of reputational triggers are even more valuable. Reputation management merges with credit and compliance risk assessment both in regulation and in corporate practices.
Blockchain Characteristics and Green Supply Chain Advancement
Authors: Kouhizadeh Mahtab , Sarkis Joseph
Published: December 2019

Blockchain is an emerging technology that has been widely hyped for addressing many business issues. Blockchain's disruptive technological capabilities have the potential to revolutionize global supply chain management processes, and impact green supply chain initiatives. Blockchain technology incorporates four major characteristics: transparency, reliability, smart execution, and tokenization. Blockchain characteristics have implications for green practices in the upstream supply chain, focal company, and downstream supply chain. This chapter provides insights, exemplary practices, and use cases on how blockchain features can enhance green supply chain activities. Research concerns and directions are proposed to advance the discussion and research on this emergent field.
Green Product Innovation and Financial Resource Availability
Authors: Khan Haroon ur Rashid , Khan Zubair Rashid
Published: December 2019

There is dire and critical need to deeply understand green consumers, given the implications for marketers to comprehend and communicate green buying patterns on the one hand, and to design and strategize both product range and motivation and financing available to develop them on the other hand. The chapter is built on theory Rational Choice and Revealed preferences Theory, while extending using experimental approaches involving multi actors' model. The multiple actors included consumer with their preferred order of choices, entrepreneurs with their preferences, and financiers with their preferred order, under the budget constraint. This chapter interacts with practical aspects of green product innovation behavior in general, and advances research with a focus on specific behaviors, highly desired in this field investigating the rise of green purchases. Globally, consumers are increasingly acquiring green products, and this study indicates to an improved understanding of the decision-making process of consumers' green product.
Current Situation and Solution of Express Packaging Under “Green Logistics”
Authors: Yu Zhang
Published: December 2019

With the continuous development of e-commerce in China, the business volume of the express delivery industry is also growing, which brings tens of millions of express package garbage, which not only causes serious waste of resources, but also serious environmental pollution. This chapter analyses the current situation of packaging in express delivery industry, in the “green logistics”. The main measures for the green development of express packaging are given below.
Interpersonal Trust and Knowledge Seeking in China
Authors: Zhang Michael J.
Published: December 2019

In this chapter, a study that investigated the roles of interpersonal trust in knowledge seeking in China is presented. Specifically, the study examined and tested the effects of two distinct types of interpersonal trust (cognition-based and sincerity-based) on Chinese employees' willingness to seeking two different types of knowledge (explicit and tacit). Using data from a survey of 243 Chinese MBA students at two universities in China, the study found both types of interpersonal trust positively related to explicit knowledge seeking as well as tacit knowledge seeking. The study also found that cognition-based trust had a stronger relationship with seeking of both explicit and tacit knowledge than sincerity-based trust. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Recognizing Threats From Unknown Real-Time Big Data System Faults
Authors: Money William H. , Cohen Stephen J.
Published: December 2019

Processing big data in real time creates threats to the validity of the knowledge produced. This chapter discusses problems that may occur within the real-time data and the risks to the knowledge pyramid and decisions made based upon the knowledge gleaned from the volumes of data processed in real-time environments. The authors hypothesize that not yet encountered faults may require fault handling, analytic models and an architectural framework to manage the faults and mitigate the risks of correlating or integrating otherwise uncorrelated big data and to ensure the source pedigree, quality, set integrity, freshness, and validity of the data. This chapter provides a number of examples to support the hypothesis. The objectives of the designers of these knowledge management systems must be to mitigate the faults resulting from real-time streaming processes while ensuring that variables such as synchronization, redundancy, and latency are addressed. This chapter concludes that with improved designs, real-time big data systems may continuously deliver the value of streaming big data.
Awareness and Perception of Copyright Among Library and Information Science Professionals in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Thanuskodi S.
Published: December 2019

This chapter describes the background, methodology, and results of a preliminary study undertaken in 2018 to determine university faculty awareness and perceptions of copyright as it affects teaching and learning. Copyright remains the cardinal bridge between creation and access to knowledge and knowledge-based materials. However, the issue of copyright awareness has now become a global concern. Since tertiary education revolves around the use of other people's copyrighted works, this study seeks to investigate the level of copyright awareness among Library and Information Science Professionals in Tamil Nadu, India. The study revealed that copyright awareness among LIS professionals is not up to the level expected due to the fact that the academic institution does not have copyright awareness policy to effectively regulate, monitor, and protect its intellectual property, academic and institutional values, as well as to defend its teaching, research, and service mission. This study shows that most of the respondents belonging to ‘below 25 years' (50%) and ‘26 to 35 years' (41.5%) age groups use copyrighted information by ‘seeking permission from copyright holder(s)', followed by ‘crediting original author/authority' (respectively 37.5% and 24.4%).
Live Video Communication in Prehospital Emergency Medicine
Authors: Metelmann Camilla , Metelmann Bibiana
Published: December 2019

Prehospital emergency medicine treats time-critical diseases and conditions and aims to reduce morbidity and mortality. The progression of emergency medicine is an important topic for governments worldwide. A problem occurs when paramedics need assistance at the emergency site by emergency doctors, who cannot be present. Video-communication in real-time from the emergency site to an emergency doctor offers an opportunity to enhance the quality of emergency medicine. The core piece of this study is a video camera system called “LiveCity camera,” enabling real-time high quality video connection of paramedics and emergency doctors. The impact of video communication on emergency medicine is clearly appreciated among providers, based upon the extent of agreement that has been stated in this study's questionnaire by doctors and paramedics. This study was part of the FP7-European Union funded research project “LiveCity” (Grant Agreement No. 297291).
Using the Internet to Plan for Terrorist Attack
Authors: Romyn David , Kebbell Mark
Published: December 2019

In this chapter, we discuss how terrorists can use the Internet as a source of information to plan for terrorist attacks. Online anonymity services such as virtual private network (VPN) are discussed, along with advantages and disadvantages of using these services. We also discuss online bomb-making instructions and highlight ways in which these can be used to the advantage of law enforcement. Finally, the use of the Internet as a reconnaissance tool for target selection is discussed, with descriptions of current and past research in this field to identify key information that is available to terrorists, and how this information can be manipulated to reduce the likelihood or severity of a terrorist attack.
JPSC KP
Authors: Baker Abu
Published: December 2019

Advancement in technology has facilitated humans in various ways. However, the phenomenon has negative strain, too, in the form of weaponry and transport and communication technologies that have accelerated the momentum and broadened the spectrum of terrorist activities. Kidnappings, bomb blasts, vandalisms, target killings, physical harassments, etc. are a few of the various bad practices a racket or terrorist organization resorts to, to satisfy its thirst for blood and money. Some even resort to making extortion demands and threat calls to raise their finances and spread terror, respectively. These activities have become difficult to trace with the use of burner phones, outstation phone calls, and calls from unregistered service identity module (SIMs). Given this scenario, the proposed Joint Public Safety Cell app is intended to assist the general public in efficient registration of a complaint, and keeping updates of security forcers' action on their complaint. Details of JPSC app have been discussed in the chapter.
Design Principles for Online Role Play Simulations to Address Groupthink Tendency in Professional Training
Authors: Leung Lawrence , Law Nancy
Published: December 2019

Decision making for professionals in crisis situations can be highly stressful and mission critical. It is a kind of naturalistic decision making (NDM), characterized by highly fluid situations under great stress and uncertainty and involving interprofessional teams. A major challenge to the effective handling of crisis situations is the tendency for the personnel involved to ignore alternatives and make irrational decisions, a phenomenon referred to as Groupthink. This chapter reports on a case study of the application of a set of design principles for an online role play simulation (RPS) in addressing Groupthink in crisis management professional training. The training effectiveness on participants' Groupthink tendency was investigated using Bale's interaction process analysis (IPA). The design principles underpinning the RPS training system is discussed in light of the findings.
Reviewer Acknowledgement
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: December 2019

No abstract available.
Identity and Fear – Burials in the Upper Palaeolithic
Authors: Petru Simona
Published: December 2019

Ritual burials probably appeared, when human beings became aware of their existence not only at a given moment, but also in the future. Death then became something to be afraid of, since it annihilated the identity of the deceased. Consequently a belief appeared that rituals at the time of death and proper handling of the corpse could preserve the identity of the dead, so that they only enter a different "world", that is afterlife, where life and personality continue in some way. Since finds of deformed and damaged skeletons in Upper Palaeolithic graves are relatively frequent, it may be possible to conclude, that people at that time were particularly cautious with the bodies of those who, for a variety of reasons, deviated from normal in their lifetime.
Graduate students’ preferences in technology usage in student-faculty interactions at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana
Authors: Boateng William , Boateng Christina , Boateng John
Published: December 2019

Technology has had a major impact in education especially in the context of tertiary education. Such impact has manifested more in the advanced world compared to the developing world. This indicates that digital technologies undoubtedly have the potential to enhance traditional classroom teaching. Unfortunately, the exact nature of their contributions to educational achievement are highly debated and understudied in the African context. The impact of various uses of technology in tertiary African education needs to be well understood. This study therefore aimed at exploring graduate students’ perception regarding the use of technology in facilitating student-faculty interaction and its impact on learning experiences and outcomes at the University of Cape Coast (UCC), Ghana. The study had graduate students from EVT 852- Curriculum Development in Vocational and Technical Education, and SOC 803- Special Problems in Theory Building classes as its population. These courses were purposively chosen to be studied. All the twenty-three students in the two classes participated in the study. The qualitative research design informed the orientation of the study. In-depth interviews were conducted. The deductive and inductive thematic analytical approach informed the discussion of the qualitative data elicited via the interviews. The study found out that the participants were satisfied with the face-toface and online technology-based forms of interaction for pedagogical and post-lecture communication purposes respectively. It is therefore recommended, among others, that more emphasis should be placed on technological use in education because it has the capability to enhance the learning experiences and outcomes of graduate students.Key Words: Higher Education, Graduate Students, Face-to face interaction, Technology usage, Student-Faculty interaction, and Pedagogy
Effects of urbanization on habitat characteristics: what are the responses of habitat alteration on functional feeding groups of aquatic invertebrates?
Authors: Rigotti Jucimara Andreza , Pompêo Cesar Augusto , Fonseca Alessandra Larissa d'Oliveira
Published: December 2019

A urbanização causa muitas alterações nas comunidades aquáticas. Sob ocupação urbana intensa, os rios sofrem as maiores modificações estruturais. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da urbanização nas características físicas e químicas do habitat e as respostas da urbanização nos grupos funcionais de alimentação (FFG) dos invertebrados. Parâmetros de qualidade da água (temperatura, condutividade, oxigênio dissolvido, pH, fósforo, clorofila-a, turbidez e matéria orgânica) e parâmetros do escoamento foram medidos em áreas pouco e altamente urbanizadas. Os FFG dos macroinvertebrados foram analisados e aplicados como substitutos de atributos do ecossistema. As diferenças na comunidade dos macroinvertebrados entre as áreas pouco e altamente urbanizadas foram avaliadas pelo escalonamento multidimensional não-métrico (nMDS) e pela análise de variância permutacional multivariada (Permanova). No nMDS foram observadas diferenças entre as áreas pouco e altamente urbanizadas. A Permanova mostrou diferença significativa entre os grupos do nMDS. As áreas pouco urbanizadas apresentaram maior riqueza em cada FFG, por outro lado, as áreas altamente urbanizadas apresentaram maiores valores de abundância de organismos coletores e predadores. Assim, a composição dos FFG respondeu às alterações no habitat que foram representadas pelos parâmetros de qualidade da água e do escoamento.
Hungary
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: December 2019

In an increasingly uncertain global economic environment, Hungary’s growth
registered one of the highest rates in Europe in 2018. The economy now appears to be
running above capacity and wages are growing rapidly amid historically low
unemployment. It is thus likely that growth will slow down over the medium-term.
Supply-side reforms can help sustain the momentum.
Early instrumental meteorological observations in Switzerland: 1708–1873
Authors: Brugnara Yuri , Pfister Lucas , Villiger Leonie , Rohr Christian , Isotta Francesco Alessandro , Brönnimann Stefan
Published: December 2019

Abstract. We describe a dataset of recently digitised meteorological observations from 40 locations in today's Switzerland, covering the 18th and 19th century. Three fundamental variables – temperature, pressure, and precipitation – are provided in a standard format, after they have been converted into modern units and quality controlled. The raw data produced by the digitisation, often including additional variables and annotations, are also provided. Digitisation was performed by manually typing the data from photographs of the original sources, which were in most cases handwritten weather diaries. These observations will be important for studying past climate variability in Central Europe and in the Alps, although the general scarcity of metadata (e.g., detailed information on the instruments and their exposure) implies that some caution is required when using the data.
Impact of the ice thickness distribution discretization on the sea ice concentration variability in the NEMO3.6-LIM3 global ocean–sea ice model
Authors: Moreno-Chamarro Eduardo , Ortega Pablo , Massonnet François
Published: December 2019

Abstract. This study assesses the impact of different sea ice thickness distribution (ITD) configurations on the sea ice concentration (SIC) variability in ocean-standalone NEMO3.6-LIM3 simulations. Three ITD configurations with different numbers of sea ice thickness categories and boundaries are evaluated against three different satellite products (hereafter referred to as “data”). Typical model and data interannual SIC variability is characterized by k-means clustering both in the Arctic and Antarctica between 1979 and 2014 in two seasons, January–March and August–October, which show the largest coherence across clusters in individual months. Analysis in the Arctic is done before and after detrending the series with a 2nd degree polynomial to separate interannual from longer-term variability. Before detrending, winter clusters capture SIC response to atmospheric variability at both poles and summer cluster a positive and negative trend in the Arctic and Antarctic SIC respectively. After detrending, Arctic clusters reflect SIC response to interannual atmospheric variability predominantly. Model–data cluster comparison suggests that no specific ITD configuration or category number increases realism of the simulated Arctic and Antarctic SIC variability in winter. In the Arctic summer, more thin-ice categories decrease model–data agreement without detrending but increase agreement after detrending. Overall, a single-category configuration agrees the worst with data. Direct model–data comparison of SIC anomaly fields shows that more thick-ice categories improve winter SIC variability realism in Central Arctic regions with very thick ice. By contrast, more thin-ice categories reduce model–data agreement in the Central Arctic in summer, due to an overly large simulated sea ice volume. In summary, whereas better resolving thin ice in NEMO3.6-LIM3 can hamper model realism in the Arctic but improve it in Antarctica, more thick-ice categories increase realism in the Arctic winter. And although the single-category configuration performs the worst overall, no optimal configuration is identified. Our results suggest that no clear benefit is obtained from increasing the number of sea ice thickness categories beyond the current usual standard of 5 categories in NEMO3.6-LIM3.
Editors' Note
Authors: Cohn Ellen R. , Cason Jana
Published: December 2019

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2020 Mid-Atlantic Telehealth Resource Center Annual Summit
Authors: Browning Anita
Published: December 2019

x
Osservazioni sul soggetto espletivo tra fiorentino del Due-Trecento, antico francese e volgari dell’Italia Settentrionale.
Authors: Vai Massimo
Published: December 2019

Il soggetto espletivo caratterizza la sintassi dell’italiano antico, dell’antico fracese e dell’antico provenzale. Se ne trovano numerosi esempi anche nei volgari medievali dell’Italia Settentrionale. Dal momento che le lingue romanze sono continuazione di una lingua pro-drop, il latino, non stupisce di trovare fasi pro-drop nelle più antiche testimonianze delle stesse. Tuttavia, la non obbligatorietà del pronome soggetto espresso si organizza diversamente nelle varietà medievali, che manifestano una sintassi caratterizzata da pro-drop asimmetrico: comportamento pro-drop per le proposizioni principali, rispetto a una spiccata tendenza alla presenza del pronome soggetto nelle frasi subordinate. Questo fenomeno sembra collegato a una sintassi V2: il verbo si muove nella periferia (CP) e legittima un soggetto nullo. Il movimento a CP non è possibile o comunque molto limitato nelle dipendenti (CP è occupato dai subordinatori) e il soggetto deve essere espresso con un pronome. È con questa sintassi che si intreccia la storia del pronome soggetto espletivo in antico francese, anatico provenzale, italiano antico e volgari medievali dell’Italia settentrionale. La struttura V2 è indipendente dal carattere pro-drop della lingua, ma il soggetto obbligatorio mostra più chiaramente il fenomeno V2.

Parole chiave: soggetto espletivo; Verb Second; pro-drop asimmetrico; periferia sinistra della frase; sintassi delle lingue romanze medievali.
«L’eterno brivido del mistero». Il fantastico nella produzione novellistica di Grazia Deledda
Authors: Zangrandi Silvia
Published: December 2019

Nella produzione novellistica di Grazia Deledda si trovano evidenti tracce di fantastico. Si tratta di un fantastico che si muove tra strano e meraviglioso, tra rêverie (intesa come una situazione in cui l’ìo, dimentico della sua storia contingente, lascia errare il proprio spirito e gode così di una libertà simile a quella del sogno) e narrazioni di superstizioni e leggende popolari in cui si avvicendano maghi dai poteri sovrumani, statuette in cui sono conficcati spilloni, giaculatorie propiziatorie, uso di olio santo o paramenti sacerdotali per fare riti magici. A onor del vero, tutta la produzione deleddiana reca tracce di incantamenti e mistero; tuttavia il presente studio intende indagare, all’interno della produzione novellistica, solo un aspetto del fantastico deleddiano, quello rappresentato dalle figure fantasmatiche. Deledda pare trovare nella forma del racconto la formula più adatta a unire l’elemento magico a quello realistico rappresentato dal mondo barbaricino.
El invisible hilo de Raissa: deseo utópico y conflicto urbano en "Le città invisibili" de Italo Calvino
Authors: Giordano Chiara
Published: December 2019

A principio de los años setenta, justo cuando Italo Calvino termina de construir sus Ciudades invisibles, en las calles de la sociedad capitalista se está librando una lucha ideológica entre tres fuerzas principales: una dominante (cuyo modelo urbano es la ciudad burguesa, racional y modernista), otra emergente (la ciudad posmoderna) y una tercera de tipo reactivo o resistente (la ciudad onírico-situacionista). El sustrato, esto es, el inconsciente ideológico en el que germina el texto, pues, es el mismo desde el que se desarrollan los debates de los urbanistas, arquitectos y geógrafos políticos de finales de los años sesenta y la consecuente resemantización de términos como “ciudadanía” o “espacio público”. Como trataremos de demostrar en el presente artículo, además, en la obra calviniana los conflictos ideológicos y las transformaciones sufridas por la ciudad posindustrial se tematizan en una dialéctica entre deseo colectivo y trauma colectivo, ciudad anhelada y ciudad padecida, y, en definitiva, en una deconstrucción de la antítesis utopía vs distopía en favor de una estructura que llamaremos intópica.
Una "Lupa" tra lupe. Riflessioni filologiche e traduttive nella combinazione linguistica italiano-spagnolo-francese
Authors: Marangon Giorgia
Published: December 2019

Questa indagine centra la sua attenzione nell’analisi filologica e dei risultati traduttivi in spagnolo e francese di alcuni frammenti della novella La Lupa di Giovanni Verga, raccolta nell’opera Vita dei campi (1880). Abbiamo scelto, per la sua comparazione, la traduzione spagnola del granadino José Abad Baena, Cavalleria rusticana y otros cuentos sicilianos (20112), e quella francese, della svizzera Béatrice Haldas, Cavalleria rusticana et autre nouvelles siciliennes (2013). I risultati pratici ottenuti sono utili per uno studio approfondito della traduzione dei fenomeni di variazione linguistica tra lingue affini.
Italian ma ‘but’ in deverbal pragmatic markers: Forms, functions, and productivity of a pragma-dyad
Authors: Fedriani Chiara , Molinelli Piera
Published: December 2019

This paper focuses on the development, paradigmaticization, and productivity of a set of complex pragmatic markers in Italian, which are constituted by two distinct elements, namely the adversative conjunction ma ‘but’ and a deverbal pragmatic marker (e.g., ma dai ‘come on! really!’, literally: ‘but give’, or ma piantala ‘just stop! give it a rest!’, literally ‘but dump it’). The main idea we will develop is that such a complex pattern can be better described in terms of a pragma-dyad, i.e., a dyadic construction with a pragmatic meaning, featuring a fixed element which systematically combines with a set of preferential fillers. In our case, the fixed element is ma, which generally signals a contrast with the interlocutors’ point of view, thus shaping the pragmatic meaning of the resulting complex in terms of interactional contrast. Such a meaning is then functionally enriched through a variety of fillers compatible with the schema, which actualize it in conveying mock politeness, disagreement, counter-expectation, and pragmatically neighbouring values. By providing a corpus-based study of the development and productivity of these complex markers, we illustrate the empirical and theoretical advantages which a pragma-dyadic approach can offer in exploring processes of functional enrichment involving complex markers.
Héroes frigios, nación y distorsión. La batalla por la supertónica descendida como signo musical en el metal español
Authors: García-Peinazo Diego
Published: December 2019

El modo frigio, poco habitual en el canon del rock anglosajón, es, sin embargo, un elemento estilístico profusamente empleado en el heavy metal. En especial, la supertónica descendida (b2) ha sido abordada en relación con su apropiación desde la masculinidad en el heavy metal y con su uso en estos repertorios como elemento de tensión y disonancia, en ocasiones vinculado a lo oscuro y a la fatalidad. El presente artículo examina procesos inter/hipertextuales y transfonográficos en torno al modo frigio, al intervalo de segunda menor y a la supertónica descendida en la música metal en España. Se presentan una diversidad de representaciones de esta estructura melódica o armónica, desde imaginarios sobre lo andaluz, español, árabe y flamenco en música que conectan estas estructuras musicales con el exotismo y el orientalismo, hasta su uso como marcador estilístico del metal sin evocaciones territoriales explícitas. Este signo musical, continuamente reapropiado dentro de un entramado complejo de significados presentes en la canción popular grabada de las bandas de metal, conforma un espacio de primer nivel en la enunciación de narrativas patrimoniales diversas. Estos aspectos son vinculados en el artículo a la construcción de discursos en torno a las identidades nacionales en España y la recreación de comunidades imaginadas basadas en mitos históricos y héroes nacionales, desde la exaltación de figuras como la del Cid hasta la evocación del pasado de Al-Ándalus.
'Ciudad azul': la habanera como tópico de identidad en la obra de Hilario González
Authors: Blanco García Yurima
Published: December 2019

En la construcción de la identidad cultural de Cuba, la canción constituyó una vía para expresar las cualidades de lo criollo, especialmente en los inicios del siglo XX. En la creación musical de Hilario González (La Habana, 1920-1996) la permanencia de esos ideales románticos y nacionalistas son elegidos para la comunicación artística y trascienden ese parámetro como propuesta consciente y portadora de rasgos de cubanidad. Más de sesenta obras confirman la presencia de la tradición popular en el uso de tópicos musicales vinculados a la canción y la danza cubanas, entre ellas, la habanera. Esto refleja una apropiación cultural por parte del compositor, figura apenas explorada en la historiografía.
Las miradas cruzadas en la ópera. Reflexiones sobre cuerpo e identidad en Bogotá en el siglo XIX
Authors: Torres Rondy
Published: December 2019

La definición de una identidad por parte de la élite letrada de Bogotá durante el siglo XIX produjo un discurso en torno a lo civilizado. En este texto, proponemos indagar cuáles fueron los mecanismos para observar y controlar los comportamientos civilizados durante una función de ópera. Los cuerpos que se observaban eran cuerpos que, por medio de diferentes estrategias, manifestaban una identidad individual y colectiva. Las miradas cruzadas entre ellos nos permiten definir mecanismos de control y de verificación de una identidad republicana, asociada al ideal de civilización de la nueva república. La mirada del espectador-cronista era diferente según si se dirigía al proscenio, al público femenino o a los otros hombres. Esta mirada quedó consignada en las reseñas, verdaderas crónicas de una élite, cuya lectura oscila entre lo verídico y lo ideado. De esta manera, la ópera aparece como un gran teatro social, ajeno a consideraciones estéticas o artísticas.
Introducción. De entramados sonoros y descubrimientos
Authors: García-Peinazo Diego , Ogas Julio
Published: December 2019

Este fragmento del Libro de Manuel de Julio Cortázar expresa el núcleo de ese proceso dual de mostrar y descubrir qué se establece entre el compositor y el oyente (o viceversa) cuando una obra incluye en su forma elementos relacionados con un repertorio anterior. El pasaje del libro donde Andrés realiza su “descubrimiento” (del cual hemos extraído este fragmento) expone el proceso reflexivo de este personaje, presentando la causa (el sonido del piano) que genera su inquietud inicial y su razonamiento posterior, a la vez que interpela al lector sobre los posibles motivos del compositor para incluir ese sonido y la adecuación de las competencias de ese oyente para interpretarlas.
Fake News durante la Primera Guerra Mundial: Estudio de su representatividad en las portadas de la prensa española (ABC Madrid)
Authors: Barragán-Romero Ana I. , Bellido-Pérez Elena
Published: December 2019

Las fake news han sido utilizadas por los grandes poderes políticos desde el comienzo de la Historia. Un ejemplo muy sonado fueron las noticias relacionadas con las atrocidades cometidas por el bando alemán durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, utilizadas por el bando aliado como propaganda para convencer a la opinión pública y los países neutrales (sobre todo, Estados Unidos) de la necesidad de la guerra. Aunque España declaró su neutralidad ante el conflicto, la población se dividió en dos bloques que simpatizaban con uno u otro bando: aliadófilos y germanófilos. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la representatividad de las historias de atrocidades alemanas en el diario español ABC, acusado de defender al bando alemán, aunque oficialmente fue declarado neutralista.
Perversas, seductoras y villanas: La construcción de la mujer fatal en la telenovela latinoamericana
Authors: Hidalgo-Marí Tatiana
Published: December 2019

Desde la consolidación de las telenovelas, el estereotipo de la mujer fatal, concebido como mujer seductora y persuasiva, causante de los males del mundo, se ha configurado en ellas como la villana antagonista por excelencia, influyendo directamente en la construcción social de la mujer. Este trabajo, mediante una metodología cualitativa basada en un análisis documental de enfoque semiótico, analiza cómo la telenovela se apropia del estereotipo de la mujer fatal, lo estandariza y lo configura de forma personalizada en sus discursos narrativos.
Ibánez Fanés, Jordi (ed.): En la era de la posverdad. 14 ensayos. Editado por Calambur (colección criterios), Barcelona, 2017, 197 páginas. ISBN. 978-84-8359-417-9
Authors: Crespo Alcázar Alfredo
Published: December 2019

Jordi Ibáñez coordina una obra coral en la que participan autores pertenecientes a disciplinas como el periodismo, la ciencia política o la filosofía, aspecto que corrobora las numerosas aristas y la complejidad del objeto de estudio abordado: la posverdad. En efecto, nos hallamos ante la palabra del año para el diccionario Oxford en 2016. No obstante, este mediático vocablo goza de profundas raíces históricas, si bien determinados acontecimientos recientes lo han expoleado, destacando el referendo que dio como resultado el Brexit o las últimas elecciones presidenciales celebradas en Estados Unidos las cuales arrojaron la victoria de Donald Trump.