bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aksesibilitas Pelayanan Publik bagi Penyandang Disabilitas pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Kolyubi Ahmad , Amiruddin Suwaib , Riswanda Riswanda
Published: October 2024

In this study, there is an identification of a gap between what is expected and the actual reality in the efforts of the Tangerang district government in fulfilling the rights of persons with disabilities. This gap, which is called das sein and das sollen, encouraged researchers to make a thesis on the issue. The purpose of this study is to provide a detailed description of the level of accessibility of public services available to individuals with disabilities within the Tangerang Regency local government. Zeithaml, Parasuraman, and Berry (as cited in Hardiansyah, 2018: 63) propose that to assess the quality of service actually perceived by consumers, there are specific indicators of service quality that can be categorised into five categories of service quality, namely tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The results of this study have several points 1) Incomplete regulations or technical implementation standards for public services for persons with disabilities in the form of Tangerang Regent regulations as guidelines for the implementation of Tangerang Regency PERDA No. 11/2018 concerning the protection and fulfilment of the rights of persons with disabilities; 2) The attitude of government officials towards persons with disabilities The government is one of the important actors in the successful implementation of public service accessibility for persons with disabilities. 3) Attitudes of non-disabled people towards people with disabilities and people with disabilities towards non-disabled people In addition to the government as an important actor in the successful implementation of accessibility of public services for persons with disabilities, non-disabled people have an important part in the successful implementation of public service accessibility for persons with disabilities. Suggestions for the Tangerang Regency Government, especially public service providers from the executive branch, to immediately make a Tangerang Regent Regulation (PERBUP) regarding the fulfilment of the rights of persons with disabilities so that it can become a guideline and technical guidance for all public service providers.
Pemetaan Daya Saing Produk Industri Kreatif di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Mardiah Ainun , Emti Desvi , Sehani Sehani , Dewi Ratna
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine the level of economic competitiveness through competitive sectors based on shift-share analysis, leading sectors based on Location Quotient analysis, creative industry mapping, and creative industry product potential in West Sumatra. This research is field research using survey methods. The approach method uses a quantitative and qualitative descriptive approach. The research results show that based on the results of the shift-share analysis there are seven competitive sectors, namely wholesale and retail trade sector, followed by construction, educational services, mining and quarrying, government administration, provision of accommodation and food and drink, services others, while tourism has not been able to compete. Based on the results of the Location Quotient analysis, there are 13 basic and superior business sectors, and the tourism sector which is among the most basic or superior sectors in West Sumatra. The results of mapping the creative industries in West Sumatra showed that Tanah Datar is the area with the most creative workers. Most of the creative industry potential in culinary businesses and is located in Tanah Datar, Pesisir Selatan, Payakumbuh, Padang Panjang, South Solok, Solok, Sinjunjung, Limapuluh Kota, Dharmasraya, Pariaman Districts.
Determinants Of Knowledge, Attitude and Self-efficacy of Khat Chewing Among School Students in Mogadishu Somalia
Authors: Fiidow Osman Abubakar , Minhat Halimatus Sakdiah , Ahmad Norliza , Ying Lim Poh , Mohamed Dirie Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Khat chewing has been a common habit throughout the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula for thousands of years. It is estimated that more than 20 million people in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula are adolescents. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of khat chewing among adolescents in Mogadishu, Somalia. Method: A cross-sectional study with a sample of 284 adolescents was used. A self-administered pretested questionnaire was used after obtaining an ethical approval from Universiti Putr Malaysia. Data were coded, entered, and statistically analyzed. Results: The prevalence of khat chewing among respondents was 10.2%. Almost more than half of the participants had poor knowledge (184, 64.8%) and self-efficacy (154, 54.2%), while 140 (49.3%) respondents had positive attitudes. Significant predictors of the students’ knowledge of khat chewing included monthly income of more than 500$ (AOR: 2.145), family history such as cousin (AOR=0.347), fathers with a high school (AOR=1.75) and a college degree (AOR=2.21). Significant predictors of the students’ attitude towards khat chewing included family income of 100-299 USD (AOR=0.5), fathers’ with a high school (AOR=2.5) and college (AOR=2.4). Significant predictors of the students’ self-efficacy to resist khat chewing included family income of 100- 300$ (AOR=2.25), fathers with a high school (AOR=2.6), and khat accessibility that is fairly difficult (AOR=0.63) and fairly easy (AOR=0.55). Conclusion: The study highlights the need for increased awareness and education about the adverse effects of khat chewing and the importance of addressing social norms and peer pressure in shaping adolescent attitudes toward Khat.
Pseudomonas Keratitis Predominance in Government Hospitals in Johor, Malaysia
Authors: Balasegar Vidhubala , Md Saleh Rafidah , Thian Lung Than Leslie , Jasni Azmiza Syawani , Ibrahim Rosni
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Keratitis is an eye-threatening condition, which requires immediate treatment, due to the rapid progression when the infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study aimed to describe the socio-demographic factors and risk factors related to Pseudomonas keratitis in selected six government hospitals in Johor, Malaysia. Methods: An 18 months cross-sectional study was conducted among bacterial keratitis patients from six government hospitals offering ophthalmology services in Johor, Malaysia. The cases were confirmed through a positive culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All data on socio-demographic factors, risk factors, and symptoms were recorded using a data collection form and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26. Results: Fifty-five patients were diagnosed with Pseudomonas keratitis in this study. The majority of patients were males (65.5%) with a mean age of 41.22 years old. The majority of patients were of Malay ethnicity (60.0%). More than a quarter of cases are involved in office-oriented jobs (n=14, 25.5%). The major risk factors in this study were contact-lens usage (n=25, 45.5%), trauma (n=20, 36.4%), ophthalmic steroid usage (n=16, 29.1%), ocular surface disease (n=12, 21.8%) and previous eye surgery (n=4, 7.3%). This study found underlying medical illness (p=0.036) and ocular surface disease (p=0.051) are significantly associated with Pseudomonas keratitis. Conclusion: The present study is the first study in Malaysia focusing on Pseudomonas keratitis. This study provides additional information on the epidemiology data of keratitis in Malaysia. Future studies shall be extended to all government hospitals in Malaysia to obtain better insight on the disease burden of keratitis especially on Pseudomonas keratitis.
The Survival and Associated Factors for Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis With History of Admission From Volume Overload
Authors: Thuanman Jaruwan , Sangthawan Pornpen , Thinkhamrop Kavin , Thinkhamrop Bandit , Thinkhamrop Jadsada , Changsirikulchai Siribha
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) who develop volume overload (VO) have high risks of dropout from death or advancement to hemodialysis. We aimed to determine the mortality rates, associated factors, and patient survival rates of PD patients who had history of admission from VO. Methods: We reviewed data of PD patients who were registered in the Database of Peritoneal dialysis in EXcel (DPEX) from January 2008 to December 2018. They were followed until death or the end of June 2020. Patients with at least 18 years of age and history of admission from VO were classified into two groups. Group A had a history of VO after starting PD. Group B had a history of VO before and after starting PD. The mortality rates were calculated. Patient survival and associated factors were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier and multiple cox regression, respectively. Results: 1,882 patients had history of admission from VO. The overall mortality rate was 28.9 per 100 person-years. The mortality rates in group A and group B were 25.4 and 41.7 per 100 person-years, respectively. Patients in group A had lower age, fewer comorbidities, longer dialysis vintage, and better patient survival than those in group B. Factors related to worsening patient survival were increased age, diabetes, and comorbidities. Conclusion: Patients with history of admission from VO before and after the start of PD had higher mortality rates than those with history of admission from VO after PD. Increased age, diabetes, and comorbidities were the associated factors of patient survival.
The Moderating Effect of Gender on Premarital Sexual Practices Among the Late Adolescents in Pahang, Malaysia: An Empirical Study
Authors: Minhat Halimatus Sakdiah , Raja Ismail Raja Nurul Najwa , Poh Ying Lim , Mohd Nazan Ahmad Iqmer Nashriq
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Premarital sexual is a sexual and reproductive health concern among adolescents in Malaysia. Guided by the constructs of the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), this study aimed to determine the moderating role of gender on premarital sexual practices among the late adolescents in Kuantan, Pahang. Methods: Probability sampling was utilized to sample the late adolescents from tertiary educational centres. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to verify the factor structure of the observed variables, with the interrelationship between variables were studied using structural equation modelling (SEM). Moderation analysis was completed via multigroup analysis (MGA). Results: A response rate of 72.2% was obtained, with 390 adolescents aged 18 to 19 years old participated in the study. The total mean for premarital sexual practices was 1.14 ± 0.47, with highest mean observed for masturbation (1.33 ± 0.83). Attitude (β = -0.111, p = 0.021), religiosity (β = -0.014, p = 0.032) and high-risk activities (β = 0.999, p < 0.001) illustrated significant relationships with premarital sexual practices. A moderated regression analysis showed significant interactive effects between gender and premarital sexual practices, with negative association between attitude and religiosity with premarital sexual practices were found among male respondents. Conclusion: This empirical study demonstrated significant moderation effect of gender between attitude and religiosity with premarital sexual practices among targeted late adolescents’ population in Pahang, Malaysia. Any efforts to tackle issue related to premarital sexual practices among similar population should be directed towards male adolescents with lower religiosity score.
Exploring Influence of Food-Related Social Media Content on Eating Habits of Undergraduate Students
Authors: Li Tan Yi , Joseph Pereira David , Yusoff Hafzan
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Social media has become a ubiquitous part of daily life. However, little is known about the influence of food-related social media content (FRSMC) on the eating habits of Malaysian undergraduates. This study explored FRSMC usage of undergraduates enrolled in a non-health program, its influence on eating habits, and how such social media content influences dietary behaviours. Method: This qualitative semi-structured interview study involved chemical engineering (CE) undergraduates at a university in Penang, Malaysia. The study was carried out from April 2021 to March 2022 during which ten participants were purposively selected. Based on precedent qualitative research sampling rule of thumb, this sample size of ten participants provided sufficient data saturation for an initial exploratory study. The interview sessions were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed. Results: According to study findings, in terms of usage, food advertising and promotions; cooking tutorials and food and nutrition information are the most appealing types of FRSMC. With regards to eating habits, FRSMC can lead to healthy and unhealthy food choices. The study identified several perceived challenges, namely unrealistic and untrustworthy content, difficult and repetitive content, and algorithm-driven deviations from healthy diets. The effectiveness of FRSMC can be enhanced by creating trustworthy and engaging content. Conclusion: The study highlights that social media engagement can have both positive and negative impact on food choices among undergraduates. Some FRSMC are perceived to encourage and motivate undergraduates to adopt healthier dietary habits. Future research could involve a larger sample, representative of diverse socio-demographic groups in Malaysia.
Biodiversidade na Escola: Promovendo a Educação Ambiental por Meio de Atividades Extensionistas
Authors: Antiqueira Lia Maris Orth Ritter , Pedroso Natalie Alana
Published: October 2024

Apresenta-se aqui o relato de uma experiência desenvolvida em uma disciplina extensionista do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, campus Ponta Grossa. Por meio desta atividade, o grupo de acadêmicos realizou uma intervenção em uma escola pública do centro da cidade, abordando a Sustentabilidade por meio de um tema ligado à Educação Ambiental, sob a supervisão das professoras regentes de turma. A atividade propiciou a inserção dos acadêmicos em ambiente escolar, como um primeiro contato dos licenciados com a sala de aula, além de reforçar os laços da universidade com a comunidade escolar, uma premissa da extensão. Além disso, propiciou aos alunos de uma turma de nono ano fundamental, participarem de uma atividade prática e desenvolverem
Quilombolas de Mata Cavalo: ressignificando a escola, a cultura e a natureza
Authors: Soares Cristiane Carolina de Almeida , Silva Regina Aparecida da , Sato Michèle
Published: October 2024

No quilombo de Mata Cavalo, comunidades lutam pela preservação de sua identidade e conquista definitiva de seu território, onde resistem à margem da sociedade. Vitimados pelo poder hegemônico das políticas excludentes, permanecem enfrentando invasões de fazendeiros, perdendo meios de subsistência para as monoculturas do agronegócio, para a poluição dos rios e outros prejuízos ambientais que desencadearam o colapso climático atual. Enfrentaram a COVID-19 com atraso às vacinas, sofreram para se manterem em isolamento social e garantir condições de sobrevivência, pois sua força para resistir aos embates socioambientais sempre esteve fundamentada na articulação coletiva. Mesmo após o retorno às atividades presenciais, a evasão escolar foi significativa e muitos estudantes optaram por garantir a renda familiar, abandonando a escola. Após um período de grandes dificuldades em acessar os estudos, estes jovens têm enfrentado desafios na adaptação ao “novo ensino médio”, mesmo com a implantação de disciplinas eletivas relacionadas à cultura quilombola. A metodologia investigativa foi o Mapa Social, estimulando narrativas coletivas e individuais. Em meio à preservação da natureza como tática de resistência, este povo permanece resistindo com sua cultura ancestral na escola e arredores, legitimando o desejo por visibilidade e dias melhores.
 
Palavras-Chave: Quilombo de Mata Cavalo. Colapso climático. Mapa Social. Cultura. Natureza.
Implicit ecological considerations on Paris Agreement
Authors: Souza Filipe Bellincanta de
Published: October 2024

The object of this study is the structure of the Paris Agreement on the attribution of transparency, the Nationally Determined Contributions, support for the economy and reduction of the emission of polluting gases with consequences of environmental constitutionalism in the Risk Society. The method used to approach is the inductive, through the investigation of bibliographies, rules and laws. The Paris Agreement has not favored mitigation by the international cooperation, although it does offer financing strategies for development projects. Sophisticating documents is not showing the ecological sustainability of human rights as a relationship between all forms of life. Everyone involved in this process needs to have a true and cohesive democratic participation, favoring a new conscience, access to information, popular participation in legislative processes, in decision making and access to environmental justice strengthen the environmental preservation in all its levels.
Água para Consumo Humano na Comunidade Tradicional de Forte Príncipe da Beira, Rondônia
Authors: Vieira Vanessa Mattos , Ribeiro João Gilberto de Souza , Webler Alberto Dresch , Ferreira Hildevan Teixeira Oliveira , Andrade Nara Luisa Reis de , Carniatto Irene
Published: October 2024

Este artigo aborda a avaliação da qualidade da água na comunidade quilombola Forte Príncipe da Beira, situada em Costa Marques, Rondônia. A população da comunidade, que não tem acesso à água tratada e saneamento básico, depende de um poço artesiano. O objetivo principal é analisar a qualidade da água na comunidade, contribuindo para os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, especialmente Saúde e Bem-estar, Água Potável e Saneamento, e Cidades e Comunidades Sustentáveis. Os procedimentos metodológicos incluíram a coleta de amostras de água dos poços para análise físico-química e microbiológica. Foram avaliados parâmetros como pH, turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade, nitrogênio amoniacal, nitrato, nitrito e cor. Os resultados físico-químicos indicam valores de pH dentro dos padrões de consumo humano. A turbidez, associada à presença de sólidos suspensos, mostrou variações, sendo uma amostra acima do recomendado pelo Ministério da Saúde. O oxigênio dissolvido e a condutividade estavam geralmente dentro dos limites aceitáveis. Quanto aos parâmetros de nitrogênio, os valores de amoníaco e nitrato estavam abaixo dos limites estabelecidos por normativas ambientais, enquanto o nitrito estava em conformidade. A análise de cor seguiu padrões alemães, revelando valores dentro das diretrizes estipuladas. Na análise microbiológica, a presença de E. coli foi detectada em uma amostra de um poço simples, indicando possível contaminação. No entanto, os demais pontos estavam em conformidade com os padrões de potabilidade. Conclui-se que, embora a água na comunidade quilombola apresente alguns parâmetros fora dos limites recomendados, a situação geral sugere que a água é adequada para consumo, ressaltando a necessidade contínua de monitoramento e ações corretivas para garantir a segurança hídrica na região.
Investigating the Linguistic Fingerprint of GPT-4o in Arabic-to-English Translation Using Stylometry
Authors: Banat Maysaa
Published: October 2024

This study explores the linguistic and stylistic characteristics of machine-generated texts, focusing on the output of GPT-4o. Using various natural language processing (NLP) techniques, including word frequency and stopword count analysis, readability and sentence structure metrics, lexical diversity measures, syntactic frequency analysis, and named entity recognition (NER), the research aims to uncover the stylometric fingerprints present in machine-generated content. The results reveal that GPT-4ogenerated texts exhibit moderate lexical diversity and syntactic complexity, with certain chapters reflecting higher readability and more varied sentence structures, while others lean toward simpler linguistic patterns. The findings also highlight thematic variation across chapters, as observed in the distribution of named entities, which contributes to understanding the model’s handling of different contextual content.
The research suggests that while GPT-4o maintains a consistent style in its generated text, there are distinguishable characteristics that may serve as indicators of machine authorship. This provides valuable insights for stylometric analysis, authorship attribution, and the identification of machine-generated texts in various contexts. Future research could extend this work by exploring deeper stylometric features, conducting cross-model comparisons, and developing advanced authorship detection algorithms tailored for AI-generated content. Moreover, the ethical implications of stylometric analysis in the context of AI-generated texts warrant further investigation, particularly as machine-generated content becomes increasingly prevalent across different domains.
Questionnaires used to assess the quality of life of patients with migraine and other headache disorders: an integrative review
Authors: Soares Adriana de Almeida , Fortes Yasmine Maria Leódido , Souza Wallyson Pablo de Oliveira , Silva-Néto Raimundo Pereira
Published: October 2024

IntroductionAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), quality of life is an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value system in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns. Despite the subjectivity, quality of life may be measured through some assessment instruments in various diseases, including migraine and other headache disorders. Objective: This study aimed to review the main instruments used to assess the quality of life of patients with migraine and/or other headache disorders. MethodThis was an integrative literature review using articles with historical data on the main instruments used to assess the quality of life of patients with migraine or other headache disorders. ResultsSeven instruments for assessing the quality of life in patients with headache and other disorders were described. They were: Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS), Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), Headache Disability Index (HDI), Short Form Health Survey (SF 36), Migraine Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ), Migraine Severity (MIGSEV), and Migraine Functional Impact Questionnaire (MFIQ). ConclusionThe quality of life of patients with headache may be compromised, but despite its subjectivity, it can be measured through assessment instruments.
Petasites hybridus in migraine prophylaxis: literature review
Authors: Silva-Néto Raimundo Pereira
Published: October 2024

IntroductionOver the past 25 years, Petasites hybridus has been used effectively in migraine prophylaxis. It acts on its pathophysiological mechanisms, modulating nociception, reducing the release of CGRP, decreasing inflammatory mediators and blocking calcium channels.ObjectiveTo review clinical studies already published on Petasites hybridus in migraine prophylaxis, with emphasis on the initial study by Grossmann and Schmidramsl in 2000.MethodsThis study was an integrative and retrospective review of articles on the use of Petasites hybridus in the prophylactic treatment of migraine that were published in English in the last 25 years.ResultsFive clinical studies were found, all placebo-controlled, three of which were double-blind, involving 488 patients with migraine aged between 6 and 60 years. These studies showed that Petasites hybridus was superior to placebo, proving its effectiveness in the prophylactic treatment of migraine and with good tolerability, including by children and adolescents.ConclusionsClinical studies proved that Petasites hybridus was well tolerated by children and adults and effective in migraine prophylaxis, reducing the number of days with headache by ≥ 50% in the first three months.
SIDEROSE IDIOPÁTICA DO SNC: UM RELATO E REVISÃO
Authors: Rodrigues Isabela da Costa , Hussein Mohamad Ali , Samueli Pedro Cougo , Pedro Matheus Kahakura Franco , Kowacs Pedro André , Cassou Emanuel
Published: October 2024

A siderose superficial (SS) do sistema nervoso central (SNC) é um distúrbio potencialmente incapacitante caracterizado pela deposição de ferro ferroso e hemossiderina, produtos da hemólise, nas leptomeninges e camadas superficiais dos córtices cerebral e cerebelar, além do tronco encefálico e medula espinhal.2,1,4,5,6 Persistindo no espaço subaracnóideo, o acúmulo leva à desmielinização, perda axonal e subsequente atrofia e neurodegeneração mediada por radicais livres.2,5 Na maioria dos casos, identifica-se uma anormalidade dural espinal ou craniana potencialmente causal.2 A classificação da SS baseia-se na distribuição anatômica, etiologia e manifestações clínicas, resultando em subtipos distintos: SS infratentorial (i) clássica (tipo 1), SSi secundária (tipo 2) e SS cortical (c).1,2 A clínica clássica manifesta-se com hipoacusia neurossensorial, ataxia cerebelar e ocasionalmente sinais de mielopatia e radiculares.3,2,1 Apesar de não ser um sintoma clássico da SS, infrequentemente, alguns pacientes desenvolvem hipertensão intracraniana crônica, onde acredita-se estar associada à obstrução do forame interventricular e/ou má absorção do líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR).4 Quando presente, a cefaleia geralmente é consequência de hipotensão intracraniana e sua intensidade varia de acordo com o tipo de defeito dural e da taxa de sangramento ou vazão liquórica por uma fístula.1,2,6 O diagnóstico é estabelecido por meio da ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) de neuroeixo em associação com a avaliação clínica1. Como alternativas visando prevenir a progressão da doença e preservar a integridade funcional do paciente, além do controle dos défices gerados pela siderose, o fechamento cirúrgico da fistula dural e a quelação são as principais alternativas terapêuticas.3,2
Characterization of adult patients with a diagnosis of migraine and osmophobia: the osmograine study
Authors: Benítez-Martínez Brenda , Cantillo-Martínez Marlon  X. , Santoya Sandra Riveros , Proaños Nadia , Mejia Fidel Sobrino
Published: October 2024

IntroductionOsmophobia is associated with a greater intensity of the headache, a more significant presence of affective symptoms, and the appearance of cutaneous allodynia.ObjectivesTo determine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with episodic and chronic migraine associated with osmophobia.MethodsA cross-sectional analytical observational study, 100 patients were included.Results65% of the patients presented osmophobia, 64.6% of patients with osmophobia had chronic migraine, and 35.4% had episodic migraine without statistically significant differences p=0.120. Regarding the clinical characteristics, pulsatile pain was the most frequent in 49%, and severe intensity was present in 81%. Statistically significantrelationships were found between osmophobia and photophobia [(95.4 vs 77.1]; p=0.005), phonophobia ([96.9 vs 74.3); p=0.001) and allodynia ([75.4 vs 45.7); p=0.002). The that become chronic factors were more frequent in the group with osmophobia, in which an association with the excessive use of analgesics ([43.8%vs. 22.9%]; p=0.029) and a history of anxiety and depression ([32.8% vs. 14.3%]; p=0.045). In the multivariate model, the variables associated with osmophobia with statistically significant differences were photophobia, allodynia, and botulinum toxin application.ConclusionsIn this first study of osmophobia in migraine in Colombia, osmophobia is a frequent symptom in patients with chronic migraine; it has related to markers of central sensitization; it is also related to that become chronic factors and the use of botulinum toxin. Therefore, it is likely that osmophobia can predict the risk of that factor, causing the disease to become chronic.
The study protocol for a multicenter observational headache registry: Brazilian Headache Registry - REBRACEF II
Authors: Souza Jesuély Spieckert de , Antunes Marcos Otávio Brum , Oliveira Vinícius da Silva Lessa de , Hammes Jordana Henz , Barros Lígia , Vieira Rebeca Veras de Andrade , Jurno Mauro  Eduardo , Friedrich Frederico , Grassi Vanise
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThis article presents the protocol for the Brazilian Headache Registry (REBRACEF), the first national registry designed to systematically collect real-world data on patients with primary and secondary headaches at specialized centers in Brazil. The main objective is to describe the methods for patient selection, the registry infrastructure, data collection, and the standardized instruments used.MethodologyREBRACEF is a prospective, observational, multicenter cohort study conducted in real-world settings.Expected resultsThis protocol aims to standardize and enable the structuring of the registry, allowing its implementation in other centers across Brazil. It also ensures external feasibility by establishing a robust framework that can be replicated in other national and international healthcare institutions.ConclusionThe registry protocol provides a standardized framework for the collection of real-world data on patients with primary and secondary headaches, facilitating the improvement of headache management and research in Brazil.
Boundaries of visual phenomena in migraine: the charles bonnet’s syndrome - report of two cases
Authors: Pelliciari Davy Henrique Sousa , Bordini Carlos Alberto
Published: October 2024

IntroductionTwo patients were referred to a tertiary headache center due to complex visual phenomena that might be related to migraine aura. Eventually, it turned out that they were Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) patients. The syndrome is characterized by vivid visual hallucinations in the absence of other psychiatric symptoms, often in patients with optical morphophysiological disorders. The pathophysiology of CBS remains uncertain, and the syndrome lacks robust diagnostic criteria. So far, reports on CBS are scarce in Brazilian neurological literature, leading to challenges in identification and diagnosis. The condition is primarily recognized through anamnesis and clinical examination.ObjectiveTo report two cases of CBS to draw the attention of headache specialists about this syndrome.Case reportsThe first case involves a 93-year-old male patient, retired, who reported experiencing vivid hallucinations sometimes of an old white car and sometimes a group of children. Despite the clarity of these visions, the patient remained aware that they were not real. In the second case, a 70-year-old male farmer began experiencing hallucinations involving scratches, scribbles, letters, stones, and women in his visions. ConclusionHere two cases of CBS were reported concerning a not so rare condition, but for sure very uncommon to headache specialists.
Profiling oxidative stress markers and cardiovascular complications in chronic kidney disease patients supplemented with vitamin E
Authors: Azouaou Leila , Adnane Mounir , Chabati Omar , Arab Medina , Chahine Toualbi , Chader Henni
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Cardiovascular diseases are common complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Oxidative stress associated with renal and metabolic dysfunctions is one of the cardiovascular complications (CVC) in haemodialysis patients. The aim of the present study is to analyse the oxidative stress markers in CDK patients supplemented with antioxidants and vitamin E, with monitoring of CVC.

Material and methods

This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 99 subjects. CKD patients received oral supplementation of vitamin E (300 mg/day) for 2 years. Oxidative stress markers, nitric oxide (NO); myeloperoxidase (MPO); oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDLox); malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione were measured before and after the vitamin treatment.

Results

NO (62.62 ±2.80 µmol/l), LDLox (10.55 ±4.62 µmol/l), MDA (6.11 ±2.83 µmol/l) and MPO (53.35 ±3.82 UI/ml) were overconcentrated, while glutathione (62.09 ±4.15 UI/ml) was less concentrated in CKD patients with cardiovascular complications, compared to those without cardiovascular complications (67.08 ±1.90 µmol/l, 31.18 ±5.25 µmol/l, 16 ±6.47 µmol/l, 57.00 ±7.24 UI/ml, 43.09 ±3.33 UI/ml, respectively). After 2 years of vitamin E treatment, the overall cardiovascular complications were not significantly decreased.

Conclusions

These results showed that oral complementation with vitamin E did not affect the occurrence of cardiovascular complications associated with CKD. These findings may pave the way for future innovative strategies for antioxidant supplementation in CKD patients.
The Soldier’s Second Act: Navigating the Challenges and Opportunities of Entrepreneurship After Retirement
Authors: Rozali Norhasyikin , Jonit Zalina , Mohd Saufi Mohd Shahid Azim , Mat Khairi Siti Murni , Sobry Suheil Che
Published: October 2024

The transition from military duty to civilian entrepreneurship has distinct obstacles and possibilities. This phenomenal movement has garnered significant interest as seen from the increasing number of veterans engaging in entrepreneurial endeavors. The present study examines the diverse experiences of former military personnel who engage in entrepreneurial endeavors, with a specific emphasis on the obstacles encountered and the prospects they profit from. The present study employs a conceptual research approach that emphasizes on the synthesis and analysis of extant literature pertaining to the obstacles and prospects encountered by veterans during their transition into entrepreneurship. The findings of this study highlight notable challenges, such as restricted access to civilian networks and financial limitations. However, they also demonstrate that veterans have transferable competencies such as leadership and strategic analytical abilities. Furthermore, this study reveals some effective techniques employed by veteran entrepreneurs, for instance using military networks and implementing focused training programs. The aforementioned findings highlight the necessity of customized support initiatives that cater to the distinct requirements of veteran entrepreneurs. Furthermore, they propose that the integration of military and civilian resources can immensely facilitate the process of transitioning. The present study contributes to the extant body of literature by offering valuable insights that can be applied by policymakers, veteran support organizations, and researchers seeking to enhance entrepreneurial results among former military veterans.
Understanding HIV Prevalence among Teenagers in Western Kenya: Risk Factors, Challenges, and Intervention Strategies
Authors: Oginga Fredrick Otieno , Kulimankudya Vasco Dominic , Lijodi Brenda , Okila Charles Stephen , Edung Felisters Akal
Published: October 2024

Sub-Saharan Africa remains the epicentre of the global HIV epidemic, with the region accounting for 67% of the 39 million HIV-positive individuals worldwide in 2021. Kenya ranks among the top fifteen countries with the highest HIV prevalence, with approximately 3.7% of adults aged 15 to 49 affected. The prevalence among women is notably double that of men. This review focuses on the HIV prevalence among teenagers in Western Kenya, examining the sociocultural, economic, and environmental factors that contribute to HIV transmission in this demographic. It analyses current data on prevalence rates, risk behaviours, and the uptake of HIV testing and treatment among teenagers in the region. Additionally, the narrative review identifies key challenges in addressing HIV in this group and evaluates effective intervention strategies. By highlighting gaps in knowledge and synthesizing existing research, this review aims to guide targeted public health initiatives to reduce HIV incidence and improve outcomes for teenagers in Western Kenya.
THE NEUROSIS OF RACISM
Authors: Jonas Ribeiro Magno
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to present an analysis of racism based on the studies of Brazilian philosopher and sociologist Lélia González. The author brought a different view from her contemporaries on this subject, since racism had its premises of analysis only through sociology. With this, Lélia González brought richness and an innovative reflection on how we can broaden and deepen the reflection on this concept, expanding and making intersections with the psychoanalysis of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan, in order to raise the following question within several questions: does racism as we know it until its extension to structural racism have in its genesis an influence of the psychoanalytic unconscious?Finally, the work intends to lead the reader to reflections on the new perspectives that Lélia González inserted into the studies of racism so that we can understand what this concept would be and how it operates in the unconscious of the Brazilian individual based on a neurosis; a concept studied in psychoanalysis.
Current approach to resistant hypertension
Authors: Yıldırım Çelebi , Chaudhry Afnan , Basrak Mohamad Talal , Aksu Çağrı , Karataş Mesut , Digregorio Alexander
Published: October 2024

Resistant hypertension is the inability to achieve target blood pressure (<130/80 mmHg) despite using the maximum tolerated doses of three antihypertensive drugs, including a diuretic, or the need for four or more medications. It is linked to aging, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and chronic kidney disease, with contributing factors such as high sodium intake and sympathetic nervous system overactivity. Treatment includes optimizing diuretic use, with spironolactone proving highly effective. Lifestyle modifications, including sodium reduction and exercise, are critical. Emerging therapies like renal denervation offer promising long-term blood pressure control.
Descriptive analysis of road traffic accidents in children aged 0-2 years
Authors: Gölcük Yalçın , Karakoyun Ömer Faruk , Koyuncuoğlu Halil Emre
Published: October 2024

Aims: This study aims to investigate road traffic accidents (RTAs) involving infants and toddlers, defined as children from birth to 2 years old, focusing specifically on their epidemiology and outcomes.
Methods: A retrospective, single-center, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted in the Emergency Department of a university-affiliated training and research hospital. Data were collected from July 1, 2019, to January 1, 2024.
Results: During the study period, 659 cases involved pediatric RTAs patients (individuals under 17 years old), with 41 cases specifically concerning infants and toddlers. These patients had a mean age of 12.98 ± 5.64 months, and 27 (65.9%) were boys. The median Pediatric Trauma Score for was 9 (range: 5-12) while the median pGCS score was 15 (range: 14-15). Motor vehicle accidents were the leading cause of injuries, accounting for 92.6% of cases, followed by motorcycle accidents (4.8%) and pedestrian-vehicle collisions (2.6%). Hospitalized patients exhibited various injuries, including femur fractures, subdural hematoma, orbital roof fracture, scalp hematomas, and lung contusion. Surgical intervention was required in only one case for a femur shaft fracture. Fortunately, no in-hospital deaths occurred among the study participants.
Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of adult supervision to prevent RTAs and emphasizes the critical need for strict enforcement of child passenger safety laws to reduce the incidence of motor vehicle accidents involving infants and toddlers.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ ÁP XE GAN DO VI KHUẨN Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TYP 2
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Sơn , Nguyễn Công Long , Nguyễn Thị Vân Hồng
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và kết quả điều trị áp xe gan do vi khuẩn ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường typ 2. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu và tiến cứu 58 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán áp xe gan có kết quả cấy dịch ổ áp xe mọc vi khuẩn ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường typ 2 điều trị tại Trung tâm tiêu hóa - gan mật bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ 1/2022 đến 4/2024. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của đối tượng nghiên cứu là 61,9 tuổi ± 12,3. Tỷ lệ nam/nữ: 2,41/1. Triệu chứng gặp chủ yếu là sốt (94,8%), sau đó đau hạ sườn phải (93,1%). Ngoài đái tháo đường thì bệnh lý đi kèm thường gặp khác là sỏi mật (13,8%), lạm dụng rượu (10,3%). 89,7% bệnh nhân có tăng số lượng bạch cầu; tăng CRP (100%); giảm albumin máu (63,8%), gía trị trung bình của đường huyết lúc nhập viện là 12,7 ± 4,3 mmo/l, HbA1c là 9,2 ± 1,8%, có 60,3% số trường hợp rối loạn đường huyết lúc nhập viện. 69% có 1 ổ áp xe đơn độc, 79,3% ở vị trí gan phải, 29,3% hình thành khí trong ổ áp xe. Căn nguyên vi sinh thường gặp gây áp xe gan là Klebsiella pneumoniae chiếm 89,7% và Escherichia coli 3,4%. Số ngày nằm viện trung bình là 15,3 ngày (dao động từ 4 đến 52 ngày). Số ngày hết sốt trung bình là 3,9 ngày. Tỷ lệ điều trị Cephalosporin thế hệ 3 phối hợp Metronidazol là nhiều nhất chiếm 44,8%, tiếp đến là điều trị Carbapenem đơn độc chiếm 27,6%. Có 67,2% bệnh nhân được điều trị khỏi bệnh và 32,8% bệnh nhân được điều trị đỡ và chuyển tuyến dưới, không có bệnh nhân tử vong. Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến thời gian nằm viện có ý nghĩa thống kê là bệnh nhân có đường huyết, CRP, số lượng bạch cầu lúc nhập viện cao và Albumin máu thấp. Kết luận: Áp xe gan do vi khuẩn ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường typ 2 có triệu chứng thường gặp là sốt, đau hạ sườn phải, thường gặp 1 ổ áp xe ở thùy gan phải, căn nguyên vi sinh chủ yếu do Klebsiella pneumoniae. Đường huyết, CRP, số lượng bạch cầu lúc nhập viện cao và Albumin máu thấp là các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến thời gian nằm viện.
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT CẮT LÁCH THÂN ĐUÔI TỤY TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y HÀ NỘI
Authors: Nguyễn Hoàng , Nguyễn An Khang
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đánh giá kết quả sớm của phẫu thuật cắt lách thân đuôi tụy tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu trên 28 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật cắt lách thân đuôi tụy tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội trong 4 năm từ tháng 6 năm 2020 đến hết tháng 6 năm 2024. Kết quả: Chúng tôi thực hiện phẫu thuật cắt lách thân đuôi tụy cho tổng số 28 bệnh nhân. Tuổi trung bình là 54,7 ± 12,5. Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân nữ chiếm 67,8%. Triệu chứng khiến bệnh nhân đi khám chủ yếu là đau bụng thượng vị chiếm 96,4%. Thời gian phẫu thuật trung bình là 170 ± 17 phút. Kích thước u trung bình là 5,4 ± 2,1 cm. Tỷ lệ mổ mở chiếm 71,4%. Thời gian nằm viện trung bình là 9,4 ± 3,4 ngày. Tỷ lệ rò tụy sau mổ chiếm 85,7%, trong đó rò tụy mức độ A chiếm 83,3%, rò tụy độ B chiếm 16,7%. Trong số 28 bệnh nhân, không có trường hợp nào phải truyền máu trong mổ. Không có trường hợp phải mổ lại do chảy máu sau mổ, không có trường hợp nào tử vong. Kết quả giải phẫu bệnh sau mổ có 10 trường hợp là ung thư biểu mô tuyến của tụy, 6 trường hợp là u nang nhầy, 3 trường hợp là u đặc giả nhú, 4 trường hợp là u thần kinh nội tiết, 2 trường hợp là u nang thanh dịch, 1 trường hợp vết thương tụy, 1 trường hợp chấn thương tụy có đứt rời thân tụy, 1 trường hợp nang giả vùng đuôi tụy bội nhiễm. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật cắt lách thân đuôi tụy là an toàn và khả thi, có thể áp dụng đối với các bệnh lý ở thân và đuôi tụy kể cả trong chấn thương và vết thương tụy có đứt rời ống tụy. Tuy nhiên, đây là kĩ thuật khó, tỷ lệ rò tụy sau mổ cao, đòi hỏi phẫu thuật viên phải có nhiều kinh nghiệm và trang thiết bị, dụng cụ phải đầy đủ.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ CẮT CUỐNG VẠT SỚM TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ TỔN KHUYẾT PHẦN MỀM MŨI BẰNG VẠT TRÁN
Authors: Ngô Thế Mạnh , Đặng Minh Vương
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả cắt cuống vạt sớm trong điều trị tổn khuyết phần mềm mũi. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Gồm 21 bệnh nhân có tổn thương khuyết mũi được phẫu thuật tạo hình bằng vạt trán tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103  từ năm 2016 – 2023. Kết quả:  Vị trí tổn thương hay gặp nhất là cánh mũi với 11/31 đơn vị chiếm tỷ lệ 35,48%. Hầu hết BN có kích thước tổn thương lớn ≥ 2cm2, với 19/21 BN chiếm tỷ lệ 90,48%. Cắt cuống vạt sau 10-14 ngày chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất 66,67%.  Kết quả sau mổ đa số BN trong nhóm NC có kết quả tốt, chiếm tỷ lệ 71,4%, khá chiếm 23,8%  và không có trường hợp nào đạt kết quả kém kém. Kết luận: Tập vạt cắt cuống vạt sớm giúp giảm thời gian điều trị và chi phí.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ MỘT SỐ NGUYÊN NHÂN ĐAU BỤNG CẤP Ở TRẺ EM TẠI TRUNG TÂM NHI KHOA BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Đỗ Thái Sơn , Lê Thị Kim Dung , Hoàng Thị Huế , Trần Nhân Duật , Trần Tuấn Anh
Published: October 2024

Đặt vấn đề : nghiên cứu này nhằm mục tiêu mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và phân tích một số nguyên nhân chính gây đau bụng cấp ở trẻ em. Phương Pháp: nghiên cứu mô tả được thực hiện trên 567 trẻ đau bụng cấp vào điều trị tại trung tâm nhi khoa, Bệnh viện Trung ương Thái Nguyên trong thời gian từ năm 2023 đến 2024. Đối tượng nghiên cứu:  là những bệnh nhân với triệu chứng đau bụng cấp tính vào điều trị tại trung tâm Nhi khoa. Kết quả : ngoài triệu chứng đau bụng thì nôn và sốt là các triệu chứng thường gặp hơn cả với tỉ  lệ lần lượt lần lượt là 89,3% và 24,6% đối với nguyên nhân đau bụng ngoại khoa, 53,5% và 59,6% đối với nguyên nhân đau bụng nội khoa. Giá trị của siêu âm trong chẩn đoán lồng ruột và viêm ruột thừa với tỉ  lệ phát hiện lần lượt là 67,5% và 26,8%. Trong nhóm nguyên nhân đau bụng ngoại khoa,ở trẻ dưới 1 tuổi chủ yếu là lồng ruột với tỉ lệ là 72,7%. Trong nhóm nguyên nhân đau bụng nội khoa, viêm ruột và viêm loét dạ dày tá tràng là hay gặp hơn cả  với tỉ lệ  lần lượt là 10% và 9,2%.
KẾT QUẢ CỦA SIÊU ÂM ĐIỀU TRỊ KẾT HỢP ĐIỆN CHÂM TRONG HỖ TRỢ ĐIỀU TRỊ THOÁI HÓA KHỚP GỐI THEO THỂ BỆNH Y HỌC CỔ TRUYỀN
Authors: Bùi Thị Thanh Thanh , Nguyễn Thị Thanh Tú
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tác dụng giảm đau và cải thiện tầm vận động khớp gối của siêu âm điều trị kết hợp điện châm trong điều trị thoái hóa khớp gối theo thể bệnh của y học cổ truyền. Đối tượng, phương pháp: Nghiên cứu can thiệp lâm sàng, so sánh trước sau điều trị trên 60 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán thoái hoá khớp gối, chia làm 2 nhóm: nhóm I (thể Phong hàn thấp kết hợp Can thận hư) và nhóm II (thể Phong thấp nhiệt kết hợp Can thận hư). Kết quả: Sau 15 ngày điều trị, hiệu suất giảm điểm trung bình theo thang điểm VAS của nhóm I là 3,21 ± 0,78 (điểm), nhóm II là 3,41 ± 0,69 (điểm); hiệu suất giảm điểm trung bình chung theo thang điểm WOMAC của nhóm I là 27,82 ± 4,55 (điểm), nhóm II là 29,22 ± 4,92 (điểm); hiệu suất tăng tầm vận động trung bình của nhóm I là 11,42 ± 4,48 (độ); nhóm II là 12,74 ± 6,38 (độ). Sự cải thiện hiệu suất trung bình của từng nhóm có ý nghĩa thống kê so với trước điều trị. Tuy nhiên, sự cải thiện hiệu suất trung bình của hai nhóm khác biệt không có ý nghĩa thống kê với p > 0,05.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM CÁC RỐI LOẠN NHU ĐỘNG THỰC QUẢN Ở BỆNH NHÂN CÓ TRIỆU CHỨNG ĐƯỜNG TIÊU HÓA TRÊN THEO PHÂN LOẠI CHICAGO 4.0
Authors: Đào Việt Hằng , Lưu Thị Minh Huế , Nguyễn Duy Thắng
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả phân bố các rối loạn nhu động (RLNĐ) theo phân loại Chicago 4.0 trên đo HRM ở bệnh nhân có biểu hiện đường tiêu hóa trên. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu sử dụng dữ liệu hồi cứu trên các bệnh nhân đến khám tại Phòng khám Đa khoa Hoàng Long – Viện nghiên cứu, đào tạo Tiêu hóa, Gan mật từ tháng 09/2020 đến 02/2023 có biểu hiện đường tiêu hóa trên được chỉ định đo HRM. Các RLNĐ được chẩn đoán dựa theo tiêu chuẩn Chicago 4.0. Kết quả: 2219 bệnh nhân thỏa mãn tiêu chuẩn, 4,1% có chẩn đoán GERD dựa trên kết quả nội soi và đo pH trở kháng thực quản 24 giờ. Ở các bệnh nhân có biểu hiện đường tiêu hóa trên, 42,2% có RLNĐ thực quản trên đo HRM, trong đó IEM là RLNĐ phổ biến nhất (36,1%), co thắt tâm vị gặp tỉ lệ thấp (2,3%). Tỉ lệ IEM có xu hướng cao hơn ở nhóm GERD so với nhóm có triệu chứng đường tiêu hóa trên (46,2% với 36,1%). Tỉ lệ co thắt tâm vị và tắc nghẽn vùng nối dạ dày-thực quản chiếm 3,8% và 3,5% ở nhóm nuốt nghẹn và nhóm có triệu chứng GERD điển hình. Kết luận: RLNĐ gặp khá phổ biển ở các bệnh nhân có triệu chứng đường tiêu hóa trên, trong đó IEM là RLNĐ thường gặp nhất.