bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exophthalmos Revealing a Spheno Temporo Orbital Meningioma
Authors: Hassina S , Krichene MA , Hazil Z , Bekkar B , Hasnaoui I , Robbana L , Bardi S , Akkanour Y , Serghini L , Abdallah EL
Published: June 2024

Intracranial meningiomas are usually non-cancerous tumors that develop from arachnoid cells in the meningeal envelope. However, there are rare forms called intraosseous meningiomas, which present unique challenges for diagnosis and treatment. In this report, we describe a rare case of a giant sphenotemporal meningioma in a 72-year-old male with diabetes. The patient experienced progressive exophthalmos and visual impairment over a period of five months. Radiological imaging confirmed the diagnosis, showing extensive infiltration into the infra-temporal region. Histopathological examination confirmed a plaque-type meningothelial meningioma. The patient underwent surgical management, which involved maxillofacial surgery. Intraosseous meningiomas are rare but are increasingly being recognized, accounting for about two percent of all meningiomas. The spheno-orbital region is a common site for these tumors. Histologically, there are various subtypes, with meningothelial meningioma being the most common. The differential diagnosis includes Paget’s disease and osteomas. The optimal treatment approach involves extensive surgical resection, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy for any remaining or symptomatic tumors. The prognosis depends on the extent of resection and tumor progression, underscoring the importance of regular monitoring. Early intervention is crucial to preserve visual function and achieve favorable outcomes.
Forensic Analysis of WhatsApp: A Review of Techniques, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Nishchal Soni
Published: June 2024

WhatsApp, a widely used instant messaging application, has become a valuable source of digital evidence in forensic investigations. This review article explores the forensic analysis techniques, challenges, and future directions associated with WhatsApp. It covers the extraction and analysis of data from various sources, including mobile devices, cloud backups, and network traffic. The article discusses the challenges faced by forensic examiners, such as encryption, data volatility, and the need for proper validation of tools. It also highlights the importance of keeping up with the latest updates and changes in WhatsApp’s features and security measures. The future directions for WhatsApp forensics are explored, focusing on the development of more advanced and efficient analysis techniques, the need for standardization, and the importance of international cooperation in addressing cross-border investigations. This review provides insights for forensic examiners, researchers, and legal professionals involved in cases requiring WhatsApp evidence.
Mixed-methods exploration of challenges to stoma care for ostomates in four low- and middle-income countries: STomacARe For Improvement reSearcH (STARFISH) study
Authors: Lapitan Marie Carmela M. , Sacdalan Marie Dione P. , Lopez Marc Paul J. , Cruz Ma. Felina P. , Msosa Vanessa J. , Ademuyiwa Adesoji O. , Alakaloko Felix M. , Jain Ritu , Mahajan Amit , Michael Vishal , Ghosh Dhruva N. , Haque Parvez D. , Kumar Ashwani , Aggarwal Manisha , Glasbey James C.
Published: June 2024

Background

Little is known about the challenges of stoma care and potential solutions for patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to assess the outcomes and experience of care for patients with stomas in LMICs using a mixed methods approach.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey of hospitals assessed health system characteristics relevant to stoma care. A six-month retrospective audit collected data on all patients undergoing new stoma formation, and postoperative complications. Semi-structured interviews with stoma patients and informal caregivers, and key informant interviews with healthcare providers were conducted to gather information on experiences, challenges and coping strategies relating to stoma care. The results were triangulated to develop a questionnaire-based tool to assess patients’ and carers’ knowledge and attitudes towards stoma and stoma care.

Results

Six hospitals from the Philippines, Malawi, Nigeria and India participated in the study. Data from 446 patients demonstrated diversity case mix, outcomes and postoperative stoma counselling. Interview data from the Philippines highlighted the lack of knowledge on stoma care of the patients and carers, poor access to stoma care and resources and the lack of affordable stoma care supplies. Triangulating these inputs, a 33-item questionnaire was developed to facilitate task sharing of expert stoma care to non-expert nurses and caregivers.

Conclusions

This study highlighted gaps in capacity to provide stoma counselling and poor access to and affordability of stoma care supplies for patients in LMICs. This novel questionnaire can help close these gaps and improve care for new ostomates in resource limited settings.

Registration

The study is registered in the Philippine Health Research Registry PHRR No.210805-003783 (https://registry.healthresearch.ph/index.php/registry)
The Impact of Malnutrition and Frailty on Morbidity and Mortality in Geriatric Internal Intensive Care Patients: A Prospective Study
Authors: ÖNER Özlem , HANCI Volkan , GÜRKOK Mehmet Çağatay , AKTUNA Hakan , BALCIOĞLU Merve , ERGÜN Bişar , DEMİRER Ferhan , ERGAN Begüm , GÖKMEN Ali Necati , YAKA Erdem
Published: June 2024

Introduction: This study aims to assess the impact of malnutrition and frailty on morbidity and mortality in geriatric patients in the internal intensive care unit. Materials and Method: The study is prospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional in design, conducted at intensive care unit. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, clinical evaluations, and laboratory parameters are recorded for each patient. Various nutritional screening tools such as the modified NUTRIC score, Subjective Global Assessment, Nutritional Risk Screening, Mini Nutritional Assessment - Short Form, and frailty assessment scales like Edmonton Frailty Scale and Clinical Frailty Scale are used. Results: The patients were divided into two groups: survivors and non-survivors. The mean Nutritional Risk Screening -2002 score was 5.20±0.70 for the survivors group and 6.15±0.57 for the non-survivors group (p<0.001). The mean Mini Nutritional Assessment - Short Form score was 8.20±0.82 for the survivors group and 6.46±1.02 for the non-survivors group (p<0.001). According to the modified NUTRIC score, 40 patients (97.6%) in the non-survivors group were at high risk of malnutrition (p<0.001). According to the Edmonton Frailty Score, in the non-survivors group, 1 patient (2.4%) was classified as light frail, 21 patients (51.2%) as mild frail, and 19 patients (46.3%) as severe frail (p<0.001). The mean Clinical Frailty Score was 5.89±0.99 for the survivors group and 8.0±0.0 for the non-survivors group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Due to the significant prevalence of malnutrition and frailty in the critical patient population being monitored in the intensive care unit, both conditions should be regularly assessed. Keywords: Intensive Care Unit; Malnutrition; Frailty; Mortality; Geriatrics.
Comparison of the efficacy of lumbar erector spinae plane block for chronic axial low back pain in geriatric and younger patients: Results of a retrospective study
Authors: CAN Ezgi , YILDIZ Gökhan , AKKAYA Ömer Taylan , KAVAK Rasime Pelin , GENÇ PERDECİOĞLU Gevher Rabia , YÜRÜK Damla , ALPTEKİN Hüseyin Alp
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The lumbar erector spinae plane block is one of the interventional procedures for chronic low back pain. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of lumbar erector spinae plane block for chronic axial low back pain due to disc protrusion/bulging in geriatric and younger patients and to evaluate clinical, demographic, and radiological characteristics that may be associated with treatment success. Materials and Method: The clinical and demographic data of patients who underwent ultrasound-guided lumbar erector spinae plane block for chronic axial low back pain between November 2022 and July 2023 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups, ≥65 and <65 years of age, and treatment efficacy at the third month after the procedure was evaluated and compared. Results: A total of 147 patients (75 patients aged <65 years and 72 patients aged ≥65 years) were included in the analysis, and a successful treatment response (at least 50% pain relief) was achieved in 44.4% of geriatric patients and 62.6% of younger patients (p=0.027). In addition BMI, comorbidity, opioid use, and lumbar paraspinal fatty infiltration were significantly higher in geriatric patients than in younger patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that lumbar erector spinae plane block for chronic axial low back pain provides significantly less pain relief in geriatric patients than in younger patients at three-month follow-up. Keywords: Lower back pain; Aged; Injection; Ultrasound imaging
Efforts to Improve the Ability of PKN Subject Teachers in the Use of Learning Aids Through the Implementation of Class Visit Supervision at Yunior High School Cerdas Mandiri
Authors: Marpaung Rince , Silalahi Jojor , Napitupulu Herdi Susri
Published: June 2024

The purpose of implementing classroom action research activities is to provide an explanation of the process of implementing class visits as an effort to improve the ability of Civics Subject Teachers using learning teaching aids. This research method is Classroom Action Research with four main steps, namely: action planning, action implementation, observation and reflection. The results showed that the ability of teachers in learning planning using learning aids in the initial condition only reached an average number of 57.58 with less criteria and the first cycle increased to 68.18 in sufficient criteria and in the last cycle to 80.30 in very good criteria, and individually per teacher in the initial condition no teacher was declared complete, increased to 5 teachers or 45.45% and in the last cycle to 100%, and the ability of teachers in the implementation of learning using learning aids in the initial condition only reached an average of 59.22 with less criteria and the first cycle increased to 69.57 in sufficient criteria and in the last cycle to 84.22 in very good criteria, and individually per teacher in the initial condition no teacher was declared complete, increased to 45.45% and in the last cycle to 100%.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek (PjBL), Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Multikultural (PBM) terhadap Altruisme Siswa SDN Margerejo I Surabaya.
Authors: Prastyo Danang , Sulistyowati Ida , Satianingsih Rarasaning , Prameswari Dinda
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran yaitu Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Project (PjBL) dan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Multikultural (PBM) terhadap Altruisme siswa SD Margerejo I Surabaya. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen dengan dua kelas yaitu kelas perlakuan dan kelas kontrol. Desain penelitian menggunakan Posttest Only Grup Design Non Equivalen. Populasi penelitian siswa SD Surabaya dan sampel peneliti SDN Margerejo I Surabaya. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan angket Altruisme. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji T dengan program SPSS. Dari hasil pengolahan data disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh Model PjBL dan PBM terhadap altruisme siswa SDN Margerejo I Surabaya.
Leadership in Developing a Wellness Strategy Using Digital Services and an Integrated Digital Platform
Authors: Doré Bernadette , Yoder Ernie , Kersey Sasha , Rubenfire Karen
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: Healthcare organizations have been transforming their operations to reach patient populations by leveraging community partners and technology. Such transformations, however, require the exploration and evaluation of innovative service ideas that are aligned with organizational vision and patient needs. Some of these innovations are institutionalized to support organizational growth, and others are used to build learning capacity. In this paper, we discuss how one non-profit organization (NPO) used its wellness mission to provide for underserved populations and to explore new program ideas. Two innovations were institutionalized: one with the NPO serving as a critical educational partner and the other serving as a leader in using digital technologies to improve collaboration with community partners. As the NPO worked to sustain the programs into the future, it realized a need for the design of an integrated digital platform that supports collaboration with partner organizations and empowers populations/participants in wellness practices. The paper concludes with a discussion of the modular architecture of its operations prior to its acquisition of a digital platform.
Engaging Caregivers through mHealth to Support Chronic Care Patients
Authors: Ruprecht Michal T. , Kaljee Linda , Zervos John , Gleason Joe , Lorenz-Goings Kara , Ashlock Glen
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: As the U.S. population ages, the demand for long-term care services and support has increased, including those typically provided by informal caregivers. As a result of increased reliance on informal caregivers, caregiver burden is a growing concern, impacting the well-being of caregivers and patient outcomes. This paper explores the development, pilot, and evaluation of a caregiver engagement app designed to alleviate caregiver burden and enhance patient care in rural Michigan counties. Drawing on a multi-step approach, including key-informant interviews, empathy interviews, and focus group discussions, caregiver needs were identified and incorporated into the app’s design and interface. The app, genusConnect, provided caregivers with educational resources, care coordination tools, and communication features to support them and patient care. Pre-post intervention data indicated positive perceptions of the app’s usability and efficacy in reducing caregiver burden and social isolation. Despite these promising findings, challenges remain in addressing financial support for caregivers and expanding the generalizability of the app to accommodate diverse caregiver populations and patient conditions. Future research should focus on addressing these limitations and further developing the app to better support caregivers and improve patient outcomes.
Fabrication of low-cost metal polishing machine for preparation of microstructure samples of lightweight alloy and composite material
Authors: Amit Tiwari  , Himanshu Vasnani  , Ritu Jain  , Harshita Swarnkar  , Hariram Tanwar  , Shikha Srivastava
Published: June 2024

A metallographic specimen should be performed to determine the microstructure of a material. One of the processes of preparation of metallographic specimen is polishing process. The designing and manufacturing a polishing machine will be very helpful in the process of polishing the metallographic specimen. This apparatus includes a motor, aluminum circular disc, switch and speed controller, and base plate. The polishing machine is constructed from these individual parts. This paper is proposed to design and fabrication a metal polishing machine for laboratory scale. In this paper, several stages of the process are performed, such as designing the model, preparing tools and materials used, making components, assembling and testing the polishing machine. The results obtained are polishing machine that works well and can be used for the metallographic test for students and researchers. It can be concluded that this polishing machine can produce the level of specimen preparation for a metallographic test.
Isolation of IgG from chicken serum using a combination of coconut caprylic triglyceride and ammonium sulfate precipitation
Authors: Sulaiman Ngongu Depamede  , Made Sriasih  , Adji Santoso Sudradjat  , Nurul Azizah
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to isolate IgG from chicken serum using a combination of coconut caprylic triglyceride and ammonium sulfate precipitation techniques. This study used serum from chickens that had previously been vaccinated repeatedly using a commercial rabies vaccine. Initially, the serum was treated with 2.5% coconut caprylic triglyceride, followed by serum IgG precipitation using 40% ammonium sulfate. The 10% SDS-PAGE analysis showed that a protein of about 190 kDa with a purity above 95% was successfully isolated. Whether the isolate protein is IgG and specific to rabies antigen still needs to be investigated further.
PENGAPLIKASIAN YUKOM VMA SEBAGAI BANTUAN PENANGKAPAN KAPAL GILLNET DI MADASARI, KABUPATEN PANGANDARAN
Authors: Edward Ganda Dodi , Junianto Junianto
Published: June 2024

One of the fishing gears operated in Pangandaran waters is Gillnet. Traditional method to find ocean fish such as star interpretation, water ripples sound caused by fish shoals, and other indicators, is mostly applied by fishers in Pangandaran. To support their fishing operation a smart fishing tool is needed such as a vessel multi aid (VMA), Created by UCT Inc. as a specific maritime telecommunication, a brand name of Yukom VMA has been cooperated to Fishing Centre of the Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. Yukom VMA basically is a assisting tool to find potential fishing ground. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of Yukom VMA to increase fisher’ catches and their potential utilization. This study was held on August 1, 2021 to September 1, 2021.  The method used is descriptive method and direct interviews. The respondents were Gillnet fishers who drop their catch at the landing site (TPI) of Madasari. The features of Yukom VMA are consisted of e-logbook, SOS for emergency, Yukom chat, navigation supports, information of fishing ground sites and weather. This study resulted that Yukom VMA application is effective to increase fisher’s catches, helps fishers to carry out fishing operation, except for fishing ground information, the sites were too far to be reached out using small boat (2-3 GT). The average catch of Madasari fishermen is 102.6 kg  with an average number of trips per month 16.7 trip  and an average CPUE value of 10.3 kg/trip.
Doctor Who?: Norms, Care, and Autonomy in the Attitudes of Medical Students Towards AI Pre and Post ChatGPT
Authors: Prahl Andrew , Tong Weng Jin Kevin
Published: June 2024

This study adopts the combined TAM-TPB model to investigate attitudes and expectations of machines at a pre-career stage. We study how future doctors (medical students) expect to interact with future AI machinery, what AI usage norms will develop, and beliefs about human and machine autonomy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Wave one occurred six-months prior to the public release of ChatGPT; wave two occurred in the 6 months following. Three themes emerged: AI is tomorrow, wishing for the AI ouvrier, and human contrasts. Two differences were noted pre- versus post-ChatGPT: (1) participants began to view machinery instead of themselves as the controller of knowledge and (2) participants expressed increased self-confidence if collaborating with a machine. Results and implications for human-machine communication theory are discussed.
Müzik Öğretmenliği Programlarındaki Müzik Teknolojisi ile ilgili Ders İçeriklerine İlişkin Öğretim Üyesi Görüşleri
Authors: Gürer Mert , Ekdi Yaren Nejla , Yılmaz Gülce , Gedik Gizem , Sever Gülşah
Published: June 2024

Günümüzde eğitim, politika, strateji ve yöntemlerini de belirleyen kavram ve değerler 21. yüzyıl becerileri olarak ifade edilmektedir. 21. yüzyıl becerileri; yaratıcılıktan girişimciliğe, eleştirel düşünceden teknoloji kaynaklarını doğru ve verimli kullanma becerilerine kadar geniş bir alanın ifadesi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda üniversitelerin eğitim fakültelerine bağlı müzik eğitimi anabilim dallarında da müzik teknolojilerini içeren derslerin yeni programlarda yer almaya başladığı görülmektedir. Ancak ilgili dersler programda yer almasına rağmen, üniversitelerin web sitelerinde, bilgi paketlerinde ders içeriklerine ilişkin bilgilerin oldukça sınırlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı, müzik eğitimi anabilim dalı programlarında yer alan müzik teknoloji derslerinin kazanımlarının, materyallerinin, öğretim yöntemlerinin ve değerlendirme yöntemlerinin öğretim üyesi görüşlerine göre belirlenmesidir. Nitel betimsel araştırma türünde durum çalışması desenine sahip çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Görüşmeye Türkiye’de müzik eğitimi anabilim dallarında müzik teknoloji içerikli dersleri yürüten 7 öğretim üyesi katılmıştır. Sonuç olarak müzik teknoloji ile ilgili altyapı, fiziksel ve teknolojik imkanların sınırlı olduğu, öğrencilerin hazırbulunuşluk düzeylerinin beklenenin altında olduğu, öğretim üyelerinin ses kayıt ve düzenleme programları ile nota yazım programlarını konu olarak ele aldıkları, öğretim yöntemi olarak anlatım ve gösterip-yaptırma yöntemlerini kullandıkları, ölçme değerlendirme için test, uygulama sınavı ve proje portfolyo değerlendirme araçlarını kullandıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Öğretim üyeleri ileriki dönemlerde dersin geliştirilmesi için teknolojik ve fiziksel altyapı eksikliklerinin giderilmesi, öğretim üyesi eksiğinin giderilmesi, sadece bir dönem olan dersin süresinin uzatılması ve proje ödevleri ile dersin işlenmesinin gerekli olduğunu belirtmişlerdir.
COVID-19 팬데믹 기간 동안 온라인 악기 교육이 요르단 대학교 음악 학생들의 인식된 학습 성과에 미친 영향: 행동적 접근
Authors:   Korean Music Education Society, 누르 에비니 누르 에비니 , 촌카 알 바크리 촌카 알 바크리
Published: June 2024

악기 교육은 특정한 교수 방법과 전략을 요구하며, 학생들의 학업 발전을 집합적으로 형성하는 다양한 복잡한 사회적, 행동적, 인지적 및 정서적 요소를 한다. 코로나 바이러스 팬더믹은 오프라인 교육에서 온라인 교육으로의 전환 을 촉진하였다. 본 연구는 온라인 교육이 학생들의 학습 환경, 대인 관계, 자기 성찰에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 이러한 변화가 행동적 관점에서 학생들의 학습 성과에 미친 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 설문조사는 코로나 기간동안 요르단 대학교에서 악기 수업을 들은 음악 학생들을 대상으로 실시하였다. 여러 학자가 특정 분야에서 연구 가설을 테스트하 는 데 통계 적으로 충분한 최소 참가자 수가 30명이라는 증거를 제시하고, 요르단 대학교에서 음악 프로그램에 등록하 는 학생들이 적기 때문에 본 연구는 32명의 소규모 표본을 사용하였다. 연구결과, 참가자들은 원격으로 악기를 연습하 는 동기가 적고, 능력과 자기 규제에 대한 감각이 낮으며, 팬데믹 동안 달성한 학습 성과에 불만을 느낀 것으로 보인다.
О ПРИМЕНИМОСТИ ОЦЕНОК ЗЕЛЬДОВИЧА К ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ ДЛИНЫ МАРКШТЕЙНА
Authors:   Институт химической кинетики и горения им. В. В. Воеводского Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, ЧЕРНОВ А. А. , БОЛЬШОВА Т. А. ,   Институт химической кинетики и горения им. В. В. Воеводского Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, ШМАКОВ А. Г. ,   Институт химической кинетики и горения им. В. В. Воеводского Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук
Published: June 2024

Представлено прямое сравнение экспериментов с расчетно-теоретическими оценками Зельдовича гидродинамической и термодиффузионной неустойчивости пламени путем определения длины Маркштейна. Скорость распространения пламени и длина Маркштейна в ламинарных пламенах в предварительно перемешанных смесях различных топлив измерялась при атмосферном давлении и начальной температуре 25 и 55 ◦С методом PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry). Обнаружено, что при числе Льюиса, равном 1, и комнатной температуре наблюдается сильное количественное отличие экспериментальных данных от результатов расчета длины Маркштейна по методике Зельдовича, однако при увеличении начальной температуры и числа Льюиса до Le = 1,5 результаты расчета приближаются к результатам эксперимента, а при Le = 2,5 совпадают с экспериментальными данными.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫХ ПОЛЕЙ В КАМЕРЕ СГОРАНИЯ ГАЗОТУРБИННОГО ДВИГАТЕЛЯ
Authors:   ОКБ им. А. Люльки - филиал ПАО «ОДК-УМПО», ТРОПИН Я. В. ,   Институт проблем механики им. А. Ю. Ишлинского Российской академии наук, РАШКОВСКИЙ С. А. ,   Институт проблем механики им. А. Ю. Ишлинского Российской академии наук
Published: June 2024

На основе проведенного анализа экспериментальных данных выявлены периодические особенности температурных полей на выходе из жаровой трубы камеры сгорания (КС) газотурбинного двигателя(ГТД). Показано, что, вопреки ожиданиям, температурные поля в центральном поясе выходного сечения жаровой трубы не отражают индивидуальность каждого горелочного устройства: количество максимумов и минимумов температурного поля в 2 раза меньше количества горелочных устройств КС. Таким образом, впервые обнаружено, что на выходе из жаровой трубы происходит попарное объединение температурных полей, создаваемых соседними горелками. Установлено, что попарное объединение температурных полей соседних горелок не является случайным: в разных опытах происходит объединение температурных полей всегда одних и тех же горелок. Это указывает на то, что причиной такого объединения является некая конструктивная особенность КС. На основе проведенного анализа сделан вывод, что причиной попарного объединения температурных полей являются стойки, расположенные на входе в КС, однако природа этого эффекта остается пока неясной.
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ПРОГРАММНО-АППАРАТНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА «НАНОГЕЙТ-22/ПАК» В ФИЗИЧЕСКИХ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАХ
Authors:   ООО «Научно-производственное предприятие НАНОСКАН», КРУТИК М. И. , АРИНИН В. А. ,   ФГУП «Российский федеральный ядерный центр - Всероссийский НИИ экспериментальной физики», ТКАЧЕНКО Б. И. ,   ФГУП «Российский федеральный ядерный центр - Всероссийский НИИ экспериментальной физики», ДУДИН С. В. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр проблем химической физики и медицинской химии российской академии наук (ФИЦ ПХФ и МХ РАН)
Published: June 2024

Представлены технические характеристики и возможности программно-аппаратного комплекса «НАНОГЕЙТ-22/ПАК», разработанного в ООО «НПП НАНОСКАН». Проведено сравнение комплекса с зарубежными аналогами. Основой комплекса является 8-канальная 16-кадровая электронно-оптическая камера, предназначенная для высокоскоростной регистрации оптических изображений быстропротекающих процессов в нано- и микросекундном диапазонах времени. Приведены примеры использования комплекса для диагностики высокоскоростных импульсных экспериментов с обработкой полученных результатов. Показаны перспективы повышения пространственного и временного разрешения комплекса.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM DALAM PEMBENTUKAN IDENTITAS DIRI REMAJA DI KECAMATAN PALMATAK KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN ANAMBAS
Authors: Sonia Sonia , Rahmadani Sri , Saputra Hanafi
Published: June 2024

Kesuksesan teknologi dalam komunikasi dan penyebaran informasi sampai saat ini semakin berkembang maju di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia.

Kemajuan teknologi tersebut, menimbulkan inovasi-inovasi yang mengubah banyak aspek dalam kehidupan manusia.

Salah satu inovasi dari perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi saat ini adalah media sosial.
Parametric optimization of asymmetric multiconductor transmission lines taking into account combinational pulses
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Lenina Ave., 40, 634050, Russia, Chernikova E.B.
Published: June 2024

Transmission lines are significant elements and play an important role in determining the performance, reliability and functionality of radio electronics. A number of factors appearing in the use of transmission lines can lead to problems in the field of electromagnetic compatibility. One such factor is the appearance of asymmetry due to inhomogeneities, PCB manufacturing errors, dense tracing, mismatch, etc. The paper considers the effect of asymmetry on the characteristics of transmission lines with inhomogeneous dielectric filling. It is found that asymmetry of cross section and/or boundary conditions leads to the appearance of combinational pulses. Combination pulses are of interest because their arrival times do not correspond to the per-unit-length delays of the modes propagating in the transmission lines, but consist of their combinations. Their level may be comparable to the level of information signals, which may result in distortion or loss of useful information. Meanwhile, asymmetry and the resulting combinational pulses represent a new resource for improving the performance of devices based on transmission lines, which can be used to protect radio electronics from electromagnetic interference of picosecond and nanosecond duration. For the first time the optimization of parameters taking into account combinational pulses is carried out on the example of three diagrams of symmetric multiconductor transmission lines with asymmetry of termination loads: reflection symmetric and with a reference conductor in the form of side polygons. Using the genetic algorithm, the optimal parameters are obtained, which allow to reduce the value of the maximum amplitude by 1.5 times, as well as the parameters allowing to increase in 2 times the minimum value of the time interval between the decomposition pulses, on which depends the possibility of complete decomposition of the interference pulse, compared to the value obtained in the initial diagram with optimized parameters, where there are no combinational pulses at the same device dimensions. The optimization results demonstrate the efficiency of using the resource of combinational pulses to improve protective structures based on transmission lines with inhomogeneous dielectric filling.
Literary path of Kasymaly Bayalinov and artistic analysis of his story “Azhar”
Authors: Ashlar Halit
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the literary path of Kasymaly Bayalinov and his prose works. The story of the author “Azhar" is one of the most important works written in the years of the birth of Kyrgyz literature. The work tells about the hard life of a young Kyrgyz girl named Azhar among people who moved to China after the Urkun uprising in the in Central Asia. Azhar is a tragic symbol of all people, who survived difficult trials at that time.
Diabetes Has Minimal Effect On High Gastrointestinal Symptom Burden in Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency Based On EPI/PEI-SS Scores
Authors: Lewis Dana
Published: June 2024

Background: Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI or PEI) may be prevalent in as many as 3 of 10 people with diabetes, due to exocrine pancreatic function reduced as early as the time of diagnosis. EPI can be treated with pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT), but the symptom burden of EPI remains high and improved screening and diagnosis methods are needed.Methods: An online survey (n=324) evaluated the gastrointestinal symptom experiences of people with (n=155) and without (n=169) EPI using a novel symptom tool, the Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency Symptom Score (EPI/PEI-SS). A large subgroup (n=120) of people with diabetes, with EPI (Type 1, n=14, Type 2, n=20) or without EPI (Type 1, n=78; Type 2; n=6) was characterized and compared to those without diabetes (n=204) in a sub-analysis of the larger EPI/PEI-SS study.Results: The symptom burden of EPI is similar, irrespective of diabetes. Like those without diabetes, people with type 1 diabetes had a statistically significant (p<0.001) higher mean score (range 0-225) with the EPI/PEI-SS (100.86, SD: 48.92) than did people with T1D without EPI (31.59, SD: 28.25), distinct from other GI conditions (p<0.001). Similar patterns occurred in those with T2D. Conclusion: High EPI/PEI-SS scores seem to distinguish between likely EPI and other GI conditions among people with diabetes, and it should be further studied as a possible screening method for EPI at a population level. It should also be evaluated as a tool to aid individuals with diabetes in tracking changes to EPI symptoms over time based on PERT titration.
Distributive Convolution for Faster Feature Mapping of Two-Dimensional and Volumetric Images
Authors: Xu Qinwu , Jiang Yifan
Published: June 2024

This study introduces a distributive convolution framework for feature mapping, aiming to improve computing speed of convolutions for the two-dimensional (2D) plane and three-dimensional (3D) volumetric images. This method distributes the kernel (filter) to smaller ones (e.g., one-dimensional, 1D) at each spatial direction, applies convolutions concurrently and then fuses (adds) results together. It is different from the separable convolution which separates the convolution on the channel direction and operates in sequence. The Gaussian and Laplacian filters using the distributive convolution are evaluated on some public images for de-noise and edge detection. Results show that this method achieves similar effects and even improved edge detection performance for some cases as compared to the traditional convolution. The fusion of linear addition achieves similar performance as that of the root square addition. This indicates a potential future opportunity to speed up the convolutional neural network which requires extensive computing recourse for both 2D and 3D images. Note that the evaluations are based on a limited number of filters and images.
Social cognition can predict behavioral and psychological effects of digital interventions
Authors: Grüning David Joachim , Krawiec Jakub Maciej , Riedel Frederik , Mehlig Leonard
Published: June 2024

Personality traits have been widely studied as moderators of digital interventions, yet the role of social-cognitive processes remains underexplored. This study investigates how key social-cognitive factors—self-enhancement, social projection, and cognitive reflection or motivation—moderate the effectiveness of two prominent digital interventions: reducing digital consumption (via the app one sec) and enhancing productivity (via the app Structured). We hypothesize that understanding users' social-cognitive profiles can illuminate mechanisms driving intervention outcomes and guide the development of more personalized digital solutions. Across two large-scale experiments (N = 1,809; N = 1,932), we examined (1) the moderating effect of self-enhancement on behavioral change, (2) the influence of social projection on subjective intervention experiences, and (3) the impact of cognitive reflection or motivation on dropout likelihood. Our findings highlight the critical role of social cognition in tailoring and optimizing digital interventions, providing actionable insights for researchers and practitioners aiming to improve their efficacy.
The Japanese version of the Phenomenological Control Scale
Authors: Imaizumi Shu , Suzuki Keisuke
Published: June 2024

People possess the capacity for phenomenological control that enables them to align their perceptual experiences with their intentions and goals. The Phenomenological Control Scale was developed to measure this trait, and we developed and validated a Japanese version of this scale (PCS-J) based on preregistered online surveys (n = 261; retest n = 152). The PCS-J demonstrated sufficient internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Given the known association between hypnotic susceptibility and positive schizotypy, the convergent validity of the PCS-J was supported by a weak positive correlation with positive schizotypy. The discriminant validity of the PCS-J was demonstrated by the absence of a correlation with negative schizotypy. The PCS-J would be useful for research on perception, phenomenological control, and their individual differences in Japanese samples as well as for intercultural studies.
Meta-CLI: A web app for a community-augmented meta-analysis of cross-linguistic influence in bilingual children
Authors: van Wonderen Elise , van Dijk Chantal , Unsworth Sharon
Published: June 2024

In this tutorial paper we give a brief overview of Meta-CLI (cls.ru.nl/meta-CLI), a web app developed at Radboud University as part of the 2in1 project as a follow-up to our meta-analysis (van Dijk et al., 2022). After a brief introduction, we first describe the structure of the database and then explain how to add data to it. Next, we demonstrate how Meta-CLI can be used to analyze and visualize (subsets of) the database and we discuss the summary statistics that are calculated by Meta-CLI. An appendix provides step-by-step instructions on how to add data in more detail. Note that whilst Meta-CLI is an independent project, our 2022 meta-analysis on cross-linguistic influence is its starting point and we therefore refer the reader to this study to get a deeper understanding of certain concepts discussed here:van Dijk, C. N., van Wonderen, E., Koutamanis, E., Kootstra, G. J., Dijkstra, T., & Unsworth, S. (2022). Cross-linguistic influence in simultaneous and early sequential bilingual children: a meta-analysis. Journal of Child Language, 49(5), 897-929. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000921000337
The influence of anxiety on exploration: A review of computational modeling studies
Authors: Chou Ko-Ping , Wilson Robert C , Smith Ryan
Published: June 2024

Exploratory behaviors can serve an adaptive role within novel or changing environments. Namely, they facilitate information gain, allowing an organism to maintain accurate beliefs about the environment and select actions that better maximize reward. However, finding the optimal balance between exploration and reward-seeking behavior – the so-called explore-exploit dilemma – can be challenging, as it requires sensitivity to one’s own uncertainty and to the predictability of one’s surroundings. Here, we review computational modeling studies investigating how exploration is influenced by anxiety. While some apparent inconsistencies remain to be resolved, studies using reinforcement learning tasks suggest that directed (but not random) forms of exploration may be elevated by trait and/or cognitive anxiety, but reduced by state and/or somatic anxiety. Anxiety is also consistently associated with less exploration in foraging tasks. Some differences in exploration may further stem from how anxiety modulates changes in uncertainty over time (learning rates). Jointly, these results highlight important directions for future work in refining choice of tasks and anxiety measures and maintaining consistent methodology across studies.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance in Nepalese Commercial Banks
Authors: Panthi Top Lal
Published: June 2024

In this study, the effect of corporate social responsibility on total assets, proxy of financial performance with a mediating variable number of employees in Nepalese commercial banks, has been examined to fulfill the objective of identifying the size, trend and status of corporate social responsibility and analyzing the effect of CSR with a mediating variable number of employees on total assets. An aggregate level of CSR with a mediating variable number of employees have been applied as the independent variable and total assets have undertaken as the dependent variable in the research framework. Panel data sets from seventeen Nepalese commercial banks for ten years have been observed and tested using correlation coefficients and regression models under the approach of descriptive and analytical research design, to determine the effect of CSR with a mediating variable number of employees of the organization on the total assets. The findings postulate that the increasing trend of CSR expenditure made by the banks and total assets have a significant positive relationship. From the analysis, it has concluded that there is a positive relationship between the variables and the impact of CSR on total assets, symbolizes increasing in CSR leads to an increase in the financial performance of the organization. Furthermore, it raises the public image of the firm and attracts more investors which creates sustainable growth over the competition. This study demands the implication of CSR practices for all the business organization even if not mandatory from the concerned department.
Particle Filter Enhanced by CNN-LSTM for Localization of Autonomous Robot in Indoor Environment
Authors: Giri Rabin , Kumar Sah Anand , Satyal Sanjivan
Published: June 2024

Particle filters play a crucial role in indoor localization tasks where GPS or similar sensors are unavailable, owing to their adaptability to dynamic environments and contribution to precise navigation. However, despite their effectiveness in non-Gaussian and non-linear settings, particle filters face challenges such as issues with particle initialization and recovery from scenarios like robot kidnapping. These limitations impede the complete autonomy of robots, a critical aspect of their functionality. This research presents a novel solution that integrates particle filters with a CNN-LSTM network to address these challenges. Leveraging the time-series image processing capabilities of CNN-LSTMs, this architecture aids in particle filter initialization and facilitates recovery from challenging situations. The integration enhances the overall performance and autonomy of robots, making them more efficient in indoor navigation tasks.
Trends of Marshall Mix Design Practices in Nepal: A Perspective on Compliance with Standard Specification of Road and Bridge Work 2016 Section 1309 and Fuller’s Maximum Density Gradation
Authors: Giri Moti Ram , Tamrakar Gautam Bir Singh
Published: June 2024

This comprehensive study delves into the minute details of Marshall Mix Design practices in Nepal, specifically examining their compliance with Section 1309 of the Standard Specification for Road and Bridge Works 2016 (SSRBW 2016). The research utilized robust secondary data collection from diverse sources, including laboratories, projects, and construction sites, enhancing the dataset's utility and uniqueness. Compliance checks against SSRBW 2016 standards indicated satisfactory performance in stability and flow but highlighted concerns in the Marshall and Filler-Binder Ratio. For the Marshall Quotient, only 82% and 76% and for the Filler-binder ratio, only 61% and 38% of mix designs of gradation type I and type II respectively, followed the standard specified in SSRBW 2016, indicating tender mix design practice in Nepal. Furthermore, the study employs statistical analyses to scrutinize critical parameters, including Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), shedding light on significant disparities in mid-point gradation and sample mean of the dataset. It also investigates the compliance of mix designs with Fuller's ideal gradation for maximum density, emphasizing the significance of aggregate gradation in pavement performance. The evaluation of gradation at 0.45, 0.5, and 0.55 exponents extends to the interplay of volumetric properties, emphasizing the need for refined gradation specifications to enhance the durability and overall performance of asphalt mixtures in the Nepalese context. In this study, RMSE results offer a quantitative measure of the percentage discrepancies between observed gradation and anticipated values of Fuller’s gradation, resulting in RMSE values computed at 3.37%, 4.77%, and 6.74% for percentage passing in the mid-point grade of type I, and 8.23%, 10.89%, and 13.30% for mid-point grades of type II. This analysis provides a clear understanding of the deviation from Fuller's maximum density gradation. The study concludes with actionable recommendations for practitioners and policymakers, aiming to optimize mix designs gradation of Section 1309 of SSRBW 2016 for asphalt pavements in Nepal.
American Sign Language Classification using CNNs: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kumar Adhikari Samrat , Neupane Pranav , Mainali Shyama , Regmi Utsarga , Chapagain Pralhad
Published: June 2024

American Sign Language (ASL) classification is crucial in facilitating communication for individuals with hearing impairments. Traditional methods rely heavily on manual interpretation, which can be time-consuming and error-prone. Inspired by the success of deep learning techniques in image processing, the paper explores the application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for ASL classification. The paper presents a CNN architecture tailored specifically for this task and investigates the effectiveness of transfer learning by leveraging four pre-trained models: VGG16, InceptionV3, ResNet50, and DenseNet121. A comparative analysis of these architectures has been presented in this paper. The experimental results show that the customized CNN model outperformed other models with a testing accuracy of 99.93% when provided with testing set images. Consequently, it is concluded that customized CNN outshines other models in accurately classifying sign languages.
Performance Evaluation of Ekantakuna Intersection
Authors: Raj Kafle Shesh , Kumar Shrestha Pradeep
Published: June 2024

Majority of the intersections in Kathmandu valley are unsignalized and hence traffic management becomes one of the emerging issues for traffic police and traffic designers. The number of vehicles in Kathmandu Valley is increasing at the rate of 12% annually (Department of Transport Management, 2018). The manual traffic management is very tedious and hectic nowadays. The consequence leads to traffic congestion and sometimes crashes too. Hence, the performance evaluation of such unsignalized intersection is essential and considering the real time situations, scenario analysis should be done. The research was carried out in Ekantakuna Intersection. The data's were collected in Ekantakuna Intersection through video-graphic surveying during weekdays: Monday to Friday both morning and evening during peak hours (9 to 11 AM in morning and 4 to 6 PM in evening).The model was developed in PTV VISSIM ( Micro-simulation software ) and thus the developed model was calibrated and validated using traffic volume. The relationship between field volume (actual volume) and VISSIM volume (Simulated Volume) was found with the help of R2 Value (Coefficient of Determination) which is found to be 0.9993 which indicates that variance of VISSIM output explains 99.9 percentage of variance in field data's. Pedestrian movement was not given priority and hence pedestrian simulation is not considered. Total three scenario analysis were performed in base case scenario. Among them the best scenario analysis was found to be scenario 1 which indicates  the restriction of vehicles from service lanes to main lanes and allowing the movement of vehicles from Balkhu(service) to Satdobato(service) and Jawalakhel lanes, and Satdobato(service) to Balkhu(service ) and Bhaisepati lane.
The Impact of Street-Vended Bean Cake on Residents in Makurdi Town, Nigeria
Authors: Mchi Akaawase Alexander , Akaawase Doosuur Beatrice , Koffi Ayadu Edwin
Published: June 2024

With the rate of urbanization in third-world cities, street-vended foods play a vital role in providing many urban residents with cheap, nutritious, and accessible food regardless of its safety, quality, and hygiene. This study assessed the impact of street-vended bean cake on residents in Makurdi town, Nigeria, which covered two council wards, namely North-Bank Ward I and North-Bank Ward II. A sample of 30 street-vended bean cakes was collected from vendors in 10 locations within Makurdi town for laboratory analysis. Miles and Misra's technique was performed in triplicate to determine the total bacterial counts. The vendor’s socioeconomic characteristics, cleanliness, and bean cake security were assessed. The bean cake vendors are between the age group 26 - 35 years. Most vendors have completed primary school and earn ₦11,000 - ₦25,000 monthly from bean cake vending.  Although 66.7 % of bean cake street vendors wear a neat apron and trim their nails short, however, 73.3 % serve their customers with bare hands, which implies a high possibility of bean cake contamination. It also implied that vendor’s hygiene factors and improper handling of bean cake can cumulatively affect the quality of bean cake available to Makurdi residents and could lead to loss of man-hour productivity. Four bacterial pathogens were identified in the study area; Bacillus spp. had the highest percentage (33.33 %), closely followed by Staphylococcus aureus (30.00%), Proteus spp. (20.00 %), while E. Coli maintained the least with (16.67%). The presence of Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus spp., and E. Coli implied a threat to human health. The study recommended proactive measures to be taken to forestall food-borne diseases, public awareness campaigns on food hygiene, and routine inspection of street bean cake vending locations.