bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educational Platforms and Digital Transformation in Raising Awareness about Remote Education in Light of the Corona Epidemic Spread Among Secondary School Students
Authors: Ibrahim Sameh Awadalla El-Sayad
Published: April 2021

This study aims to find out the role of educational platforms and digital transformation in raising awareness of remote education in light of the spread of the corona epidemic among high school students, to support decision-making in the education sector and to help develop and implement an effective educational response to the new Coronavirus pandemic, which has disrupted various educational institutions in the world, and based on the educational crisis created by the pandemic. Despite the seriousness of the Coronavirus and its serious implications for education for all countries, many countries affected by this pandemic did not find the ideal and flexible alternative to the transition from traditional education to distance education because their educational system was not able to move easily to distance education and because of the lack of the necessary resources and challenges. The idea of this study is to examine the role of educational platforms that face the integration of education remotely within the educational process in a crisis (the Coronavirus pandemic) and the main challenges and difficulties of using in general. The reality of remote education is still under construction. The study also recommended that it be necessary to identify the difficulties and challenges of remote education for educational institutions to integrate distance education into their plans according to a clear and predetermined vision.
Compressibility Characteristics of Soft Clays Treated by Graphene Oxide
Authors: Mahmood Mahmood R. , Al-Haddad Sinan A. , Fattah Mohammed Y.
Published: April 2021

Changing the soft soils' characteristics is difficult by directly incorporating Graphene oxide due to underlying soil properties. Therefore the stability of treated soils used for cementitious materials can be improved by treatment with Graphene oxide. Consistency and compression tests were used to study the mechanical behavior of the new compound Graphene mixture from fine, stable Graphene oxide. The soft clay used in this study has a shear strength of 33.0 kPa. It was stabilized with 0.1% Graphene oxide and cured for one day and some samples for seven days. It was concluded that the void ratio decreased with the addition of Graphene oxide under a given consolidation pressure. The other soil properties: swelling potential, coefficient of volume compressibility (mv), and coefficient of consolidation (Cv) decrease with increasing Graphene oxide under curing periods.
PEMBUATAN PENYIRAM BAWANG MERAH OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO ATMEGA328P
Authors: Aldi Masajid Abdil Bar  , Trismawati Trismawati , Mustakim Mustakim
Published: April 2021

Indonesia hanya memiliki 2 musim yaitu musim penghujan dan musim kemarau. Biasanya petani bawang merah bergantung pada musim penghujan untuk bercocok tanam sehingga tidak perlu dilakukan penyiraman karena telah mendapatkan air hujan yang cukup. Sedangkan pada musim kemarau tanaman harus disiram secara manual dengan teratur sesuai dengan kondisi kelembaban tanah. Para petani biasanya tidak menjual hasil pertanian mereka pada musim kemarau karena petani harus mengeluarkan biaya dan tenaga ekstra untuk melakukan penyiraman tanaman bawang merah. Untuk mengatasi kendala musim kemarau dan agar petani bawang merah tetap bisa bercocok tanam pada musim kemarau maka diperlukan suatu produk alat penyiram tanaman otomatis berbasis arduino berdasarkan kelembaban tanah yang dideteksi menggunakan sensor kelembaban tanah. Alat ini akan mendeteksi apakah tanah tempat bercocok tanam dalam kondisi kering ataupun basah sehingga alat dapat mengontrol penyiraman secara otomatis. Jadi petani tidak perlu melakukan penyiraman secara manual. Sehingga petani bisa tetap bercocok tanam pada saat musim kemarau.
PERANCANGAN LEMARI PENGERING PAKAIAN YANG ERGONOMIS DI LAUNDRY SI DOEL BATU
Authors: Sumanto Sumanto , Achmadi Sentot , Mahmudi Ali
Published: April 2021

Sumber energi terbesar di bumi ini adalah matahari. Tidak ada kehidupan di bumi ini jika tidak ada matahari. Ketergantungan kehidupan manusia di segala bidang kehidupan terhadap matahari tidak dapat dihindari. Salah satu ketergantungan manusia terhadap energi matahari adalah proses pengeringan pakaian yang telah dicuci. Pemanfaatan sinar matahari untuk pengeringan pakaian kadang terkendala dengan musim. Ketika musim penghujan, hamper setiap hari sinar matahari terhalang awan, sehingga tidak dapat menjangkau bumi. Kondisi seperti ini kerap merugikan para pelaku usaha laundry. Untuk mengatasi hal ini dirancang sebuah alat pengering yang didesain untuk mengeringkan pakaian setelah dicuci dengan memanfaatkan panas buangan dari air conditioner (AC). Hasil rancangan berdasarkan data antropometri adalah sebuah lemari/cabinet pengering dengan dimensi tinggi 92 cm, lebar 60 cm dan panjang 55 cm. Data untuk  menentukan efisiensi alat adalah menimbang massa pakaian yang telah dicuci dan dikeringkan dengan mesin cuci dan dimasukkan ke dalam lemari pengering. Selama proses pengeringan panas buangan dari AC dimasukkan ke dalam lemari pengering. Setelah selang waktu10 menit pakaian diangkat dan ditimbang massanya kemabli. Laju pengurangan air dihitung dengan selisih massa pakaian dibagi dengan selang waktu yang diperlukan. Hasil pengeringan dengan lemarin pengering dibandingkan denagn hasil pengeringan alami untuk menentukan efisiensi alat. Hasil uji coba alat menunjukkan efisiensi laju pengurangan kadar air dalam pakaian dibandingkan dengan pengeringan alami dengan cuaca mendung pakaian adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Handuk 64,15%, (2) Baju 188,10%, (3) Kaos tebal 113,56% dan (4) Kaos tipis 155,00%.
IDENTIFIKASI KEHANDALAN PEKERJA TANPA GANGGUAN OTOT DALAM PENYIMPANAN CAT TEMBOK
Authors: Sulistiarini Emma Budi , Utomo Cahyo Wahyu , Putri Chauliah Fatma
Published: April 2021

Kehandalan manusia dalam bekerja adalah suatu hal yang sangat penting. Kehandalan manusia terutama dalam hal kesehatan, dalam konteks ini adalah tanpa mengeluhkan kelelahan otot akibat postur tubuh dalam melakukan pekerjaan. Kondisi handal tanpa kelelahan otot tersebut dapat berkontribusi terhadap pembentukan kerja yang aman, nyaman, sehat dan produktif. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi postur kerja yang dapat mengakibatkan gangguan otot, atau MSDs (Musculoskeletal Disorders) yang dapat dialami oleh pekerja pengangkut cat tembok kemasan pail dalam storage. Metode yang digunakan adalah OWAS (Ovako Work Posture Analysis System). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa postur kerja pengangkutan cat tembok kemasan pail pada storage relatif aman, masuk kategori kelas 1 dan 2, artinya tidak terlalu banyak atau tidak langsung menimbulkan gangguan pada otot, meskipun dilakukan assesment pada kondisi sebelum dan setelah istirahat makan siang. Dan faktor psikososial pekerja bisa mempengaruhi kategori kelas, meskipun postur tubuh berubah. Sedangkan faktor individu pekerja dalam hal lamanya bekerja di bagian gudang, tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan dalam pengukuran dengan metode OWAS ini.
NONVERBAL MEANS OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION: A PROBLEM OF CONFORMITY
Authors: ABDUAZIZOVA Durdona
Published: April 2021

The article substantiates the need to study the features of nonverbal behavior of representatives of different cultures due to the discrepancy of kinesic systems. English, Russian and Uzbek non-speech behavior, and the divergence of gestures are analyzed using the example of English, Russian and Uzbek kinesic cultures. Emotions can have a significant impact on the development, success or failure of the speech act and on the expression of the emotional state of each participant in communication. Gestures characterize national, territorial and social peculiarities of the communicant observed in temperament, emotional state and attitude to the interlocutor and, therefore, the author considers the problem of intercultural conformity, closely associated with interpretation of non-verbal text by different cultures. It is argued, for a complete and clear interpretation of the meaning of the statement transmitted by non-verbal means; it is necessary to avoid incorrect, incomplete, and excessive interpretation of non-verbal speech. The special nature of nonverbal communication explains the presence of universal, understandable signs, as well as specific signals used only within one culture. It is also analyzed the phonation phenomena of speech: melody, timbre, rhythm and strength of voice, articulation activity, which have the functions of supplementing and replacing a verbal utterance, which determine the physical and psycho-emotional state of the interlocutor.
EFFECTIVENESS OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) FOR DIGITAL BANKING, E-COMMERCE AND PAYMENT GATEWAYS AMONG THE RURAL COMMUNITY IN ANANTHAPURAMU DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
Authors: Bathena Dilip , Rao M. Trimurthi
Published: April 2021

The rural communities have very different perceptions about ICT among them across various categories. There are
various Information and Communication Technology (ICT) initiatives taken by the Government of India as well the
Government of Andhra Pradesh. This perception of for 'digital banking and payments' user affects the digital transactions. Many rural people do
not use digital banking and payments due to poor perception this may be because of lack of awareness and exposure to this banking applications.
Due to this majority of rural population may not able reap the maximum benets of E-banking and E-commerce initiatives in rural communities
in various other knowledge and information related to digital transfers of various social benets, pensions and other based direct benet
transactions. This study analyzes the positive and negative perceptions of the rural community in the study area with total sample size of 160, in
four villages and 40 respondents were selected randomly from each village, two villages are from Itkalapalle and Rachanapalle of Anantapur
Mandal, Peddapappur, Juttur of Pedapappur Mandal in Ananthapuramu District of Andhra Pradesh. This study focuses on effectiveness of ICT
usage and giving suggestions for improving awareness of ICT programmes to enable the rural communities to benet maximum from the
Government ICT initiatives and schemes in Ananthapuramu District
STUDY ON THE ROLE OF VENTILATION-PERFUSION SCAN IN DETECTION OF SILENT PULMONARY EMBOLISM IN NEPHROTIC SYNDROME CHILDREN
Authors: Sen Srabani , Basu Suprit , Kumar Sinha Malay
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION: Clinically silent pulmonary thromboembolism is commoner than symptomatic one in children with nephrotic syndrome. The present study was done to look for the occurrence of asymptomatic pulmonary thromboembolism in children with nephrotic syndrome using V IQ scan, which is noninvasive, cost effective. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study conducted at a tertiary care centre over a period of one year on one hundred children with nephrotic syndrome between the ages of 5 and 15 years with a median age of 8 years attending the Pediatric Nephrology Clinic were taken up for the study. Patients showing defect in Tc99m-MAA perfusion scintigraphy underwent ventilation scan within 24-48 hours. Scan ndings were interpreted by two nuclear medicine physicians independently who were unaware of illness of the patients. The results were interpreted according to Modied Prospective Investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis (PIOPED) criteria. The overall incidence of abnormal V/Q RESULTS: scan in our study was 14%. Individually the incidence was 13.9% in group I, 22.22% in group II and 3.6% in group III, which indicates that patients with steroid resistant and steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome in relapse were prone to develop thromboembolic complications more than those who were in remission. Combined scintigraphic evidence of pulmonary thromboembolism was 18.05% in Groups I and II compared to 3.6% in controls (Group III). Patients with abnormal ventilation-perfusion scan showed s CONCLUSION: ignicantly larger (p<0.05) duration of illness (mean 69.7±55.3 months) and signicantly greater degree (p<0.001) of proteinuria as compared to patients with normal ventilation-perfusion scan who had mean duration of illness of 45.5±38.0 months.
A STUDY OF ABNORMAL SEMEN PARAMETERS IN INFERTILE COUPLES IN BHAGALPUR, BIHAR
Authors: Anshu Anshu , Kumari Usha , Jana Debarshi
Published: April 2021

Background: The importance of male factor contribution to infertility is well recognised. Semen analysis is an
indispensable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of the male partners of infertile couples. Aim and objective of the study
was conducted to determine the abnormalities in semen among male partners in infertile couples. Detailed history, examination and Methods:
semen analysis was done. Semen samples were analysed for volume, viscosity, sperm concentration, motility, and morphology, according to
WHO guidelines. This study, done at Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of Results: JLNMCH, Bhagalpur, Bihar has demonstrated that
abnormal semen quality is a major factor contributing to infertility in couples. Total number of participants were 94. Most of the male partners i.e.
65.96%, who came for infertility evaluation were between 30-39 years of age with 56.38% participants having abnormal semen parameters. The
most common abnormality found was asthenozoospermia seen in 35.11% of cases followed by oligozoospermia seen in 25.53% of cases.
Teratozoospermia and azoospermia were seen in 7.45% and 4.26% of cases respectively. Males contribute towards infertility in Conclusions:
couples signicantly. Abnormal semen pattern is a common cause. More research is needed to render more valuable and signicant results
regarding male infertility
TO STUDY THE PREVALENCE OF THYROID DYSFUNCTION AND IT'S EFFECTS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Shaik Fouzia Sultana , Kumar G. Vijaya
Published: April 2021

Background: The relationship between normal thyroid function and type 2 diabetes has been a particular focus of
concern. Type 2 Diabetes being the most common endocrine, metabolic disorder, there lies a curiosity to understand and
learn the association of this disease with another common endocrine gland that is the thyroid gland. This study is aimed to describe the
association of poorly controlled diabetes and thyroid dysfunction.
OBJECTIVES:
Ÿ To study the thyroid functions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Ÿ To study the spectrum of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Materials And Methods: A hospital-based observational prospective study was conducted in the Santhiram Medical College and General
Hospital for six months. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of age more than 30 years, from OPD and IPD of all the departments in Santhiram
General Hospital irrespective of glucose control and treatment, with informed written consent were studied. Thyroid prole tests, target organ
evaluation for type 2 diabetes mellitus were performed for all patients in this study group. Thyroid USG was done.
Results: 100 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus without proven thyroid disease were included in the study . Thyroid disorders were diagnosed in 29
% cases . Hypothyroidism in 1 , hyperthyroidism in 13 and subclinical hypothyroidism in 15 cases. In this study 50 patients were male, 50 were
females. Females ( 36%) had high incidence of thyroid disorder than males ( 22%). Subclinical hypothyroidism was more common (31.25%)
in elderly age group. Elderly females had high incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism (18.2%). Clinical features of hyperthyroidism are seen in
8 patients. In the patients with hyperthyroidism( 55.5%) there was poor glycemic control . Duration of diabetes has no relation with incidence of
thyroid disorders. Majority of patients with subclinical hypothyroidism had uncontrolled sugars with microvascular complications.
Conclusion: Prevalence of thyroid disorders in diabetes mellitus is 29%. Incidence is higher in elderly population . Duration of diabetes mellitus
has no impact on thyroid dysfunction. Severe diabetic complications are noted in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Subclinical
hypothyroidism is seen commonly among females. Diabetes with hyperthyroidism has poor glycemic control
A SCROTAL ABDOMEN IN AN ELDERLY PATIENT MANAGED BY HERNIOPLASTY WITHOUT DEBULKING OF THE HERNIA CONTENTS: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Sikdar Sukanta , Mistri Mala , Sengupta Piyas , Manda Tuhinsubhra
Published: April 2021

Background: Scrotal abdomen is not a common today, but most challenging case even in experienced general surgeon,
as there is no standard surgical procedure. They present as a huge inguinoscrotal swelling for a longstanding, neglected to
treatment, because fear of operative intervention and remote places where medical service is inadequate. The morbidity and mortality also high
because of forced reduction of the herniated viscera to the abdominal cavity, which is accustomed to being relatively empty for long duration,
may cause alteration in the intra-abdominal and intra-thoracic pressures, leading to complications such as ACS, precipitation of cardiovascular or
respiratory compromise, hernia recurrence and wound dehiscence . We present this ca Case presentation: se of giant inguinoscrotal hernia of a 72
years old male who had difculty in performing his daily activities. Patient underwent emergency mesh repair after reduction of content through
inguinal approach. Giant inguinal hernia containing almost whole abdomen with terminal 50 cm ileum, caecum, appendix, ascending colon,
hepatic exure of colon and transverse colon with omentum in the hernia sac and the patient had an uneventful recovery with eventual discharge
on postoperative day 8. The giant inguinal hernias are uncommon in today's surgical Conclusion: practice. Management of which is challenging
with grave complications but early intervention and postoperative monitoring to raised IAP and its complications which can save the patient. We
report this case of an elderly patient with an acute presentation of scrotal abdomen with contents as both direct and indirect component which has
been managed successfully with tension free open mesh hernioplasty and biological repair without debulking of the hernia contents and this case
supported by a review of the literature.
Stabilization of Lateritic Soil with Mahogany (Hardwood) Sawdust Ash
Authors: Oriaje A.T., , Adeyemo K.A. , Ojo O.Y.
Published: April 2021

Most naturally occurring laterites possess poor engineering properties despite their extensive uses for filling and subgrade materials. Few works have been reported on the use of mahogany sawdust ash (MSA) for the stabilization of lateritic soils. This investigation explores the effect of Hardwood Sawdust on the performance of lateritic soils as an engineering material. Particle size distribution, natural moisture content, specific gravity and consistency limits tests were conducted on soil samples obtained from burrow pits at Oke-Baale roundabout of Osogbo West-Bye pass road under construction for classification purpose. Engineering behaviour was also investigated through compaction and unsoaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) performed on natural and admixed specimens, with the inclusion of 2, 4 and 6% MSA by weight of soil. Preliminary tests indicate that the natural samples were well-graded and rated medium as subgrade material in road construction. Reduction in the plasticity index (PI) of samples from 17 to 14% at 4% MSA were observed. MDD decreased to 1.54, 1.38 and 1.45 Mg/m3 at 2, 4 and 6% MSA respectively. The CBR increased to 18.8, 20.2 and 20.4% at 2, 4 and 6% MSA respectively. The research demonstrated that there is an impressive potential for MSA to enhance the mechanical properties of lateritic soils.
Chemical Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Selected Seed Spices in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Adegbite S. A.
Published: April 2021

Monodora myristica (African nutmeg), Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) and Byrosocurpus dinklayer (Efu) are common spices used in the preparation of delicacies. The proximate composition of the seed flour and physicochemical properties of the oil were determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of the seed flours and physicochemical properties of the oil in order to know their domestics and industrial applications. The oil of M. myristica, M. fragrans and B. dinklayer were extracted with petroleum ether. The moisture, dry matter, crude fibre, fat, protein, ash and carbohydrate contents for M.myristica, M. fragrans and B. dinklayer ranged from 11.76-13.67, 88.24-89.30, 13.60-15.47, 5.28-14.65 7.90-10.41, 9.20-11.45 and 40.78-47.13% respectively. The acid values of M. myristica, M. fragrans and B. dinklayer were 0.70, 0.68 and 0.98 g/100g respectively. The values for oil under study suggested its edibility. The iodine values were 93.27, 89.30 and 106.72 g/100g respectively. Since the iodine values of the oil are lower than 100 (gI2/100 g sample) except B. dinklayer, the oils could be classified as non-drying oils. The peroxide values were 8.90, 5.12 and 9.60 g/100g respectively. The values indicate low levels of oxidative rancidity. The saponification values ranged from 179.03-188.64. The values suggested that the oils may be used in soap and shampoos.
TVA-GAN: Attention Guided Generative Adversarial Network For Thermal To Visible Face Transformations
Authors: YADAV NAND
Published: April 2021

In the recent advancement of machine learning
methods for realistic image generation and image translation,
Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) play a vital role. GAN
generates novel samples that look indistinguishable from the real
images. The image translation using a generative adversarial
network refers to unsupervised learning. In this paper, we
translate the thermal images into visible images. Thermal to
Visible image translation is challenging due to the non-availability
of accurate semantic information and smooth textures. The
thermal images contain only single-channel, holding only the
images’ luminance with less feature. We develop a new Cyclic
Attention-based Generative Adversarial Network for Thermal
to Visible Face transformation (TVA-GAN) by incorporating a
new attention-based network. We use attention guidance with
a recurrent block through an Inception module to reduce the
learning space towards the optimum solution.
Pengaruh Pengorganisasian dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai PDAM Kabupaten
Authors: Askarno Askarno
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh pengetahuan baru tentang pengaruh pengorganisasian terhadap kinerja pegawai PDAM Kabupaten Kuningan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian survey explanatory, yaitu menganalisis pengaruh satu variabel terhadap variabel lain dan menguji hipotesis yang diajukan dengan cara empirik. Jumlah responden = 176 orang dan nilai skala pengukuran terbesar = 5 sedangkan nilai skala pengukuran terkecil = 1, sehingga diperoleh jumlah komulatif nilai 176x5 = 880, dan nilai komulati terkecil 176 x 1 = 176. adapun nilai prosentase terbesar adalah 880/880 x 100% = 100% dan nilai prosentase yang terkecil adalah 176/880 x 100% = 20%. Dari kedua nilai prosentase tersebut nilai rentang 100% - 20 % = 80 % dan jika dibagi lima skala pengukuran didapat nilai interval presentase sebesar 80/5 x 100 = 16%. Variabel pengorganisasian (X1) berngaruh terhadap variabel kinerja pegawai (Y) yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai t hitung lebih besar dari nilai t tabel dan nilai koefesien jalur PyX1 = 0.7567 berarti PyX1 > 0, menunjukan pengorganisasian mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai PDAM Kabupaten Kuningan.
ESTIMATION OF DAILY ENERGY GAIN OF SOLAR TRACKING SURFACES BASED ON GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
Authors: Miguel Higor , Colombi Gomes Leticia , Turczyn Campos Cesar , Rodrigues Muniz Pablo
Published: April 2021

The performance of solar systems depends on the effective incident solar energy on the capture surface. This factor is dependent on the geographic position, the orientation of the surface, atmospheric conditions, and other geo-climatic factors. Solar trackers, typically uni- and biaxial, are used to optimize the capture of solar radiation via movement of the plane of incidence of these devices. A reliable estimation of the energy gain of these trackers with respect to a fixed surface facilitates more accurate analyses of the feasibility, operation, and maintenance of solar ventures. In this work, a method for estimating the relative energy gain of uni- and biaxial solar trackers is developed. This approach applies to locations between the Arctic Circle and the Antarctic Circle, using geographic coordinates and the altitude of the location of interest, providing daily results throughout the year. Unlike empirical results or case studies, the proposed method applies to any location and has a low error. It can be implemented using iterative algorithms with a low computational cost and can be easily utilized by researchers and technicians in the field.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GENRE FORM "NOVEL" MODIFICATIONS (ON THE YURI ANDRUKHOVYCH’S NOVEL "DARLINGS OF JUSTICE" AND DANIEL KEHLMANN’S NOVEL “FAME. A NOVEL OF NINE STORIES ")
Authors:   National Pedagogical Mykhajlo-Drahomanov-University Kyiv, Ivanenko Svitlana
Published: April 2021

The article deals with modifications of the genre form "novel". These modifications consist of novellas but they show a new quality: the coherent harmonious whole. The comparative analysis extends to the text categories. The category of integrity is the hyper-category of text. It is a bipolar unity with discreteness. The tonality as a category belongs to the first degree categories and expresses bipolar unity of the personality/impersonality on a level with coherence and completeness. Then follow the second degree categories (major) - composition form text organization (KMF), architectonic form text organization (AMF) and oralness / writeness. To these categories submit the third degree categories (primary): phonologic, grammar, semantic and stylistic. They are primary only at the text and in the language system they can have two or more degrees. As the relationships of the parameter "text categories " equivalence, inclusiveness, intersection and inconsistency were considered. The comparison of the novels by Yurii Andrukhovych and by Daniel Kehlmann shows the equivalence of the text categories integrity, coherence and completeness (cohesion), oralness / writeness. The same applies to the categories KMF and AMF. It should be noted, that the equivalence is compensatory at the level of simple categories. Simultaneity of events as a manifestation of integrity is expressed in the novel ofAndrukhovych mainly by anachronisms, Kehlmann does not use they (relationship of inconsistency), but Kehlmann connects his stories with characters, it is absent in the work of Andrukhovych, who minimally mentions some characters in the last chapter. The allusion to cinematography is represented in Andrukhovych's novel through the whole text and the ring repetition (in the title and at the end of the novel). It is something else in the novel by Kehlmann. The character Ralph Tanner, a film actor, who appears in one story as the main character and in four stories as a minor character shows that the novel has the tangency to the cinematography.
THE SHORT FORM OF THE ADJECTIVE IN PRESENT-DAY GERMAN IN THE LIGHT OF THE GRAMMAR THEORY OF THE WORD
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Maksymchuk Bohdan , Arabska Iryna ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: April 2021

The short form of the adjective in present-day German, which stems from the Indo-European protolanguage and for that matter is found both in the Germanic and Slavic languages, in the German language took its evolutionary path along the way of the rise and establishment of the morphological features and syntactic functions re-forging itself from one of the forms of expression of a qualificator word into a representative nominator of the morphological paradigm. It widened its syntactic functioning on account of the qualitative adverb that due to the reduction of final vowels, i.e. its grammatical markers, coincided by sounding and meaning with the short form of the qualificator words. In German, these processes brought about the appearance of a new part of speech known as Artwort with the categorical meaning of the qualificator attribution. It realizes its grammatical potentialities in the substance-predicate structure of the sentence revealing in this way a bipolar functionality. Proceeding from the lexicon-centric approach to the categorical meaning of the word including the "amorphous” word of the kind of GUT an attempt is being made to describe the specificity of this type of meaning. In the opinion of the authors the categorical meaning of the "amorphous” word”, which determines its morphological paradigm and syntactic behavior, is vested at the level of the mental lexicon of the speaker as awareness and linguistic experience of using this kind of word in communication. In this way the short form of the adjectives comes in possession of all the features of the elementary sign which non-discretely combines the lexical and categorical meaning. The text-centered approach to the identification of the grammatical concept of the elementary sign reduces the word to the root morpheme. The latter attains the categorical status in its usage which is detrimental to the hierarchical construal of language. The syntactically polar bi-functionality of the short form of the adjective as the elementary sign is foregrounded in the system of actual, real and potential predications and, specifically, in the structure of Paul’s "degraded predicates” as well as in the propositions of the sentence deep structure getting explicated by means of logical implicates that represent a bipolar syntactic functionality of qualificator words. The implicit propositions reveal homonymous ties of the short form of the adjective with the first constituents of compound words which in most cases show themselves as units of the phraseological level of language structure.
ENJAMBMENT IN THE SONNET POEM
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Moisiienko Anatolii
Published: April 2021

This article contains a short overview of theory and practice of the poem text, dealing with the phenomenon of enjambment. It should be stressed that Ukrainian poetry (both classic and modern) widely uses the figure of enjambment. There is a number of recently published articles by Ukrainian authors offering the study of this poetic figure in different aspects of different individual styles. But for obvious reasons there are no such studies about sonnet texts in particular. Regarding the sonnet poem, since the times of the first French theorists of the 17-18 th centuries up to modern reference editions, genre definitions of its figurative structure almost always contain a number of restrictions. There should be no repeated words, the rhymes should be exact and voiced, every stanza - with the relevant rhyming system - has to be a complete syntactic entity etc. The author (using as example a number of sonnets of Ukrainian poets) tries to show that the enjambement accented word in the sonnet text is as natural as in any other poetic text. And as in any other poetic text (depending on the author’s intention) it can play an important semantic and stylistic function. The main meaning and functional shift of enjambement word on the structural level is being studied here both in the system of simple and compound sentence of the sonnet. Quite often we can observe the phrase shift from one stanza to another, from quatrain to tercet. An example of such enjambement structure of the poem where the shift is being observed in every line and every stanza is a sonnet of Dmytro Pavlychko "Слова”. Another rare phenomenon of syllable shift in the sonnet poem can be found here: Дихнуло весною, Десною... Над супер- / крутою урбанню.Над біль./У долі моєї чебрець і канупер / З чернігівських піль / (А. Мойсієнко).
ABOUT HE PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION OF FUTURE TEACHER SPEECH THERAPIST
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Kashuba Lyudmila , Labenko Olexandr ,   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2021

The contemporaneity needs of deep and comprehensive of modernization in the sphere higher education with allocation necessity for it resources and creating of mechanisms in their effective application. The European integrative direction of education will demand of ensuring of quality in the educational services in the process professional preparation of future specialists. Generally speaking, educational services must be more attractive, it must be improve by way of the sense improvement. The professional preparation of specialists in the branch of special education needs seeking off-standard of ways in the organization of teaching process. At the same time, the integration of educational subjects into professional preparation future teacher-speech therapists is a task of high priority. The integrative approach manifests itself in a job description. Differently, the job description presents as a process and result creating the unified, united integral educational system in the preparation future teacher-speech therapists. Then it needs carry out of searching and realization of different ways and manners in integration of the educational programs on the different level of professional preparation. That said, the professional composition at the preparation of a teacher-speech therapist accelerates forming of persuasions and the scientific outlook formation for future specialists and also trains students for the successful professional activities.
TERMS OF DESIGNATION OF PERSONS IN JURIDICAL TERMINOLOGY OF BRITISH AND AMERICAN VARIANTS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Authors:   temporarily self-employed, Kizil Maryna
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the research of Briitsh and American English juridical terms designating persons. This is the most numerous thematic group of juridical terms among others including terms designating different branches of law, terms denoting types of different insitutions of the sphere, types of legal documents, stages of legal procedures, procedural norms, types of crimes, offences, punishments in particular. The group of juridical terms designating persons is not homogeneous semantically. It consists of terms denoting representatives of different professions of the sphere, persons with assigned juridical rights or duties, criminals who break the law. Many of these terms have the same meanings in British and American variants of the English language. That is why they are called equivalent for both variants. Most of these terms are of Franco-Latin origin, as they were borrowed from Latin into Old French and from it into Middle and New English. So they appeared in the British English and penetrated into American one later. Some terms in the analyzed thematic group have synonymous or nearly synonymous meanings represented by different forms in British and American variants of the English language. The analyzed group also comprises other types of terms. Such terms are not equal in meanings or their shades. That is why they are called non-equivalent terms for analyzed variants of the English language. The categorial semes of their meanings are the same or practically the same in both variants. The differential semes of meanings of these terms can differ not only qualitatively, but also quantitavely. Their quality reveals in the shades of meanings or their differences. Quantitative differences reveal in widening of the denotative meaning of the term in one variant of the English language (British or American) and its narrowing in another variant correspondently. Most of non-equivalent terms from the analyzed thematic group have nationally marked semes. Such semes reveal and characterize national and cultural peculiarities of the development of British and American legal and juridical system somehow.
THE DISEASE CONCEPT THROUGH THE LANGUAGE MIRROR
Authors:   Kyiv Borys Grinchenko University, Kolesnyk Oleksandr
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes language means verbalizing the concept of DESEASE. The paper suggests multi-vecrored interpretations of the concept names' etymology and highlights a number of typological parallels thus targeting certain universalia that pertain to biological systems' disorders and dusfunctions. The implemented methodology exercises the eco-centric focus of interpretations, considers irrational premises of cognition and rationalization of reality, fuzzy nature of objects and phenomena involved in multidimensional interactions, non-linear causative correlations of diverse phenomena and respective generic systems, quantum peculiarities of verbally conveyed informational clusters, enigmatic nature of systems' development at bifurcation points as well as systems' inverse fluctuations. The synthetic-analytical interpretations of the concept names' etymology allowed reconstructing the inchoative "nano-myth" that impacts the trajectories of further conceptualization and designation of disease-related phenomena. This "nano-myth' contains the idea of structural deformation (distortion or uncontrolled expansion) which triggers the systems' entropy rise, energy loss, dysfunctionality, discomfort and painful symptoms, as well as negative assessment (as either auto-diagnostics or external assessment). Semantics of respective stems suggests an explanation of traditional asspciating disease and mythic creatures. The paper introduces a folmal logical model of DISEASE as scenario / "eventive" concept. The article discusses functional-semantic roles of language signs verbalizing DISEASE in different texts in Germanic languages of diverse historic periods. The paper provides quantitative analysis of respective designation units within a customary corpus encompassing English lyrics authored by the present-day rock musicians. The units from the corpus are subjected to semantic and linguo-cognitive analysis which traces the way the DISEASE is projected onto a variety of social and cultural spheres of human existence.
THE STRUCTURAL MODEL OF THE CONCEPT ‘FRIENDSHIP’ IN THE CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE UKRAINIANS
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Chernyshenko Iryna
Published: April 2021

The main results of the experimental research of the concept FRIENDSHIP in the Ukrainian language are given in the article. On the base of the received data, the concept’s model was built and the main cognitive signs were analyzed. The description of the structure of the concept is also proposed. The method of semantic and cognitive analysis of concepts was chosen. The latter was proposed and multiply used by Russian linguists Z. Popova and J. Sternin. The free, directed, receptive, and symbolic experimental techniques were used as main ones. The first stage of building the concept’s model is the description of its macrostructure. The found cognitive signs of the given concept are distributed according to its main structural components - image component, informational sense and interpretation field. Thus, the informational sense of the concept includes cognitive signs that characterize its essence and defining components. The interpretation field is usually very large and includes many cognitive signs, which characterize the attitude of the folk to the given concept and various encyclopedic knowledge about its features, functions, and they are usually gained from the individual’s experience. The phraseological zone of the interpretation field is analyzed separately. It describes the understanding of the concept by the folk’s consciousness mainly in historic perspective. The results of researching proverbs and sayings are included into the concept’s model. The structure of the concept’s model is build in a way of different fields and it depicts the hierarchy of separate cognitive signs in the structure. The division of separate cognitive sign in to the fields (nuclear, periphery) was made on the basis of their "brightness " (the quantity of association proposed during the experiments). It is worth noting that dictionaries give only small part of such sighs, which does not depict the whole structure of the concept. Proposed experimental research of the structure of a separate concept gives the opportunity to describe them more effectively.
EMPHASIZING OF SPEECH DEFINITION IN MODERN UKRAINIAN DIALECTOLOGY
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Hromko Tetiana
Published: April 2021

Expressing the definition of speech in the paradigm of modern Ukrainian dialectological studies is not only a promising area of scientific work in terms of linguistic terminology apparatus, but also the unification of the description and stratigraphy of the study of dialects in Ukraine, generalization of modern scientific knowledge, creation of scientific picture of the world, etc. The general scientific definition of speech as "a functioning linguistic system that may differ from other words by the features of phonetic, grammatical, word-forming and lexical features" has changed somewhat in modern conditions. To express the definition of speech in this plan, according to the author, the following positions should be added: establishment of its origin (taking historical evidence into account); material and spiritual culture taking into account; detection of nuclear and peripheral features of speech; definition of diachronic and synchronous aspects of speech functioning; establishment of traditional differential and relevant features of speech as a linguistic portrait of a settlement; study of the composition of the city as a conglomerate of surrounding dialects, etc. Modern theoretical substantiation of speech implies unification of the differential system of dialect units "idiom - dialect - subdialect". Today, the three-stage system of dialect units in the direction of multilevel is required to be refined. Retrospective and modern studies of speech as a linguistic system show that the process offorming a dialectological base in terms of expressing its definition by virtue of the philosophical laws of stability and variability is not absolutely complete, since in this compulsory component of dialectological research is taken into account as constant information and so constant information that there is in a state of dynamic development and need constant updating with new data, which is seen in the perspective of the methodology of Ukrainian dialectology.
THE COVID-19 PERIOD: A CRISIS FOR ON-SITE LEARNING OR AN OPPORTUNITY FOR OPTIMAL DISTANCE LEARNING? EXAMINATION OF STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES
Authors:   Ariel University, Israel, Davidovitch Nitza , Amram Miri Ben ,   Ariel University, Israel
Published: April 2021

This study, which explores student attitudes to online learning, is based on a psychoanalytic theory (Existence-relatedness-growth, ERG) on relatedness and growth, developed by American psychologist Clayton Alderfer. The purpose of the study was to examine whether online learning is merely a short-term temporary solution necessitated by the COVID-19 crisis, or will it enable a transformation of teaching and learning patterns in educational systems in the post-COVID era? What is students’ personal preference regarding online learning after having inadvertently experienced it? What dimension of online teaching was meaningful for them: social presence, instructional-cognitive presence, emotional-personal presence? The research population consisted of 306 students, with a mean age of 15.5. Only 85% of the students who participated in the study had technological resources for online learning at home. About 41% of the students preferred lessons that combine online teaching with frontal teaching in the classroom. In addition, the dimensions of online teaching reported by students as meaningful were, in descending order, social presence, emotional­personal presence, and instructional-cognitive presence. The research findings might have an effect on policy makers in education with regard to maintaining an "innovative pedagogy" aimed at shaping students’ image in order to prepare them for the new post-COVID era. In this period of global crisis, online learning afforded students innovative learning, where students enhanced their awareness of the significance of social presence, which was more meaningful than the dimension of instructional-cognitive presence. The significance of interpersonal interaction in teaching and learning received support, more so than ever before.
TYPICAL ERRORS IN THE USE OF VERBAL FORMS AS A CONSEQUENCE OF GAPS IN SCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors:   Institute of Journalism of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Protsenko Olesia
Published: April 2021

Verb is the most important part of speech because it is the syntactic and communicative center of the sentence. So the verb form errors is an important problem of culture of language. The mediaproducts (215 texts of different information genres) of first year students from the Institute of Journalism of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv was analyzed. A classification of tipical errors of verbs forms was suggested. Gaps in the school education (on the material of schools textbooks was analyzed) are the main cause of the following verb errors: verb-conjunction "to be" in the Present, verb nouns, passive verbs, passive participle, active participle, impersonal verbs, redundant constructs, lexical errors. The topics to supplement the school program of language was suggested. It is recommended to omit the verb-conjunction in the present tense; prefer verb forms, not nouns; use active constructions, not passive ones; not to use active present participles; the instrumental case of nouns should be used in the instrumental, not in the subjective sense; use adjectives as a predicate to describe the subject; not to use stationery and tautological constructions; distinguish the meaning of Ukrainian and Russian tokens.