bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Damaging and Deleterious Non-Synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (nsSNPs) in the Orang Asli, Jakun
Authors: Zaidan Tabarek Najeeb , Alamoudi Nawal Abdulrahman , Yap Wai-Sum , Khalid Ali Qusay , Avupati Vasudeva Rao
Published: April 2024

The study of genetics and its relation to different disorders has recently been getting remarkable attention worldwide. Non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) are coding variants that introduce amino acid alterations to proteins. Since nsSNPs have various effects on protein structure and function, these changes can significantly impact human health. The primary purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between diseases and Jakun nsSNP mutations. A total of 10 samples with 24,604 nsSNPs were used in the study. Several in silico bioinformatics tools were used to classify the high-risk nsSNPs that might affect the structure and function of proteins in the Jakun tribe. The in silico tools PROVEAN, SIFT and PolyPhen2 identified 1395 high-risk nsSNPs. Further analysis with the DAVID annotation tool revealed that these related genes are associated with cardiovascular diseases, myocardial infarction, Alzheimer's and obesity. Other bioinformatics tools were then used to infer the protein structures of these high-risk nsSNPs. From SNP&GO and PhD-SNPs, the results conclude that there are four damaging nsSNPs in the Jakun tribe. The damaging nsSNPs and the mutation positions are MTHFR (A222V), ESR2 (G445S), ACSM3 (G460R) and UGT3A1 with two mutation sites, C121G and C67G. This study using in silico tools can be the basis for increasing medical discoveries, reducing lab costs and helping with clinical trials for further studies by providing genetically related information.
Development of “eIndianMedicine” App for subclinical infection of COVID-19
Authors: Saranya S. , Chellapandi P.
Published: April 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and has infected more than 561M people worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it an international public health concern. Approximately 80% of subclinical COVID-19 cases continue to rapidly spread in India. Consequently, the Indian Government urges the scientific community to control its transmission by developing self-assessed mobile apps and searching for Indian systems of medicine. The Ministry of Ayush, Government of India, recently recommended Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of COVID-19 subclinical infection. However, awareness of Indian systems of medicine is not yet popularized because of low consumer perception and ignorance of scientific facts in India. This study provides a perspective on the design and development of a mobile app “eIndianMedicine for COVID-19” with a self-assessment tool. The abstraction of scientific facts regarding Indian systems of medicine is important for the development of such information tools in India. It can gather information from any patient to stop the spread of a silent carrier and to start treatment immediately. This can reduce mass testing costs and awareness of the Indian systems of medicine. Hence, current progress in information technology can increase the mobilization of International Trade in Indian traditional medicine to treat asymptomatic COVID-19 patients worldwide.
Constructing linear-fractional functional dependencies based on data with interval uncertainty
Authors: Шарый С.П. , Шашкина Е.П.
Published: April 2024

Рассмотрены методы восстановления дробно-линейных функциональных зависимостей по данным с интервальной неопределенностью. В качестве практического приложения решена задача обработки интервальных данных измерений электро-химического процесса формирования осадка металла. Для восстановления искомой функциональной зависимости предлагается развитие метода максимума совместности, ранее успешно зарекомендовавшего себя при решении задач нахождения параметров линейных зависимостей. Для случая сильной совместности параметров и данных показана квазивогнутость распознающего функционала, точка максимума которого берется в качестве оценки параметров зависимости. Рассматривается обобщение на произвольные дробно-линейные функции.

The paper addresses methods for the solution of curve ҥtting problem from inaccurate data that have interval uncertainty, i. e. about which it is only known that they belong to some intervals of possible values. Under these conditions, it is necessary to construct a functional dependence from a given class that has the best possible consistency (compatibility) with the interval data. In order to construct the required functional dependence, we develop the maximum compatibility method, in which, to ҥnd the parameters of a function, it is required to maximize the so-called recognizing functional of the solution set to an interval system of equations built from interval data and the expression of the constructed function. A strong version of the maximum compatibility method is preferred, as it is more practical and has better theoretical properties. Previously, a strong version of the maximum compatibility method has successfully proven itself in solving data ҥtting for linear function, from interval data. In the theoretical part of the paper, a general approach to the nonlinear curve ҥtting problem is proposed, and then the practically important fractional-linear function is discussed in more detail. It is shown that the recognizing functional of the information set of the problem in this special case is a quasi-concave function, so that its maximum is unique. In addition, the quasi-concavity property radically simpliҥes the numerical maximization of the recognizing functional. As a practical application, the problem of processing interval measurement data of the electrochemical process of metal deposit formation is solved. Finally, the paper considers a generalization of the proposed technique for constructing the best ҥt linear-fractional functions from interval data applied to the case of an arbitrary number of variables. We substantiate the quasi-concavity of the recognizing functional of the information set for the problem arising in this case, which allows applying the developed methods of non-smooth optimization for ҥnding their maximums
Integrated geoinformation system for environmental monitoring of the Ob-Irtysh river basin
Authors: Донцов А.А. , Суторихин И.А. , Кириллов В.В. , Ловцкая О.В.
Published: April 2024

Показаны результаты разработки геоинформационной веб-системы, предназначенной для формирования единой научно обоснованной системы высокотехнологического комплексного экологического мониторинга (гидрологического, гидрохимического, гидробиологического) Обь-Иртышского речного бассейна и позволяющей оценивать экологическое состояние водных объектов с учетом изменяющегося климата и увеличения антропогенной нагрузки. Представлены архитектура геоинформационной системы, основные модули и компоненты, функциональные возможности и интерфейс пользователя. Рассмотрена структура проблемно-ориентированной базы данных, используемой для хранения и обработки информации в составе геоинформационной веб-системы.

The results of the development of a geographic information web system (GIS) are presented, designed to form a uniҥed scientiҥcally based system of high-tech integrated environmental monitoring (hydrological, hydrochemical, hydrobiological) of the Ob-Irtysh river basin. It allows assessing the ecological state of water bodies and accounting for the climate change and the increasing anthropogenic load. The architecture of a geoinformation system based on a service approach is presented. When implementing a GIS, the API-Gateway programming pattern was used. The system provides the main modules and components of the GIS, its functionality and user interface designed to display expeditionary data. The structure of a problem-oriented database used for storing and processing information as part of a geoinformation web system is considered. The database was built using the CUASHI HIS data model and a standardized relational database structure proposed by the Consortium of Universities for the Development of Hydrology to store and describe point observations. This data model is quite universal and can be used to organize the storage, search and retrieval of information collected by many organizations to solve the problems of integrated environmental monitoring. The layout of such database with a single expandable system of directories allows collecting and combining the most important data on the subject area of research and use the data for subsequent analysis, calculations, and display of results. The obtained results are applicable for organization of integrated monitoring of the ecological state of Subarctic water bodies, the implementation of environmental policy, educational and educational activities and solving important socio-economic and environmental problems, arising within the framework of the Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and ensuring national security until 2035. The developed GIS provides diverse information about the state of water bodies. Software interfaces allows receiving data from various measuring instruments and complexes, as well as downloading the results of expeditionary work with the help of web interface
Подход к определению пространственного положения и размеров объектов сцены по изображению с использованием методов машинного обучения
Authors: Letenkov M.A. , Cherskikh E.O.
Published: April 2024

This paper considers an urgent problem of assessing spatial position and geometric characteristics of environmental objects from images. An approach was developed based on combining the results of object detection using the Mask R-CNN model and the reconstruction of depth maps obtained using the RealSense camera. We evaluated the class-averaged values of the relative error in determining the size of objects for test sets of images formed at various levels of scene illumination: 0.1449, 0.3313, 0.6332. Also, within the experiments relative deviation values were obtained when determining the spatial positions of objects: 0.1010, 0.1624, 0.3477.

В контексте определения характеристик киберфизической среды одной из актуальных проблем является определение пространственных координат, местоположения и размеров объектов внешнего окружения. В рамках настоящего исследования для решения указанной проблемы был предложен подход к оценке пространственного положения и геометрических характеристик объектов окружающей среды по изображениям, основанный на объединении результатов детектирования объектов с использованием нейросетевой модели Mask R-CNN, а также результатов восстановления карт глубины наблюдаемой сцены с помощью камеры RealSense D435. В работе представлены авторские алгоритмы анализа геометрических свойств наблюдаемых на изображении областей сцены, а также комплементарные алгоритмы оценки размеров и положения объектов. Оценка качества разработанного подхода проводилась на основе тестового набора данных, включающего 12 000 изображений, сформированных при трех различных уровнях освещенности сцены: 100, 70 и 50 %. В рамках эксперимента найдены усредненные по классам значения относительной ошибки вычисления размеров объектов для соответствующих наборов изображений: 0.1449, 0.3313, 0.6332. Значения относительного отклонения при определении пространственного положения объектов по результатам тестирования составили 0.1010, 0.1624, 0.3477. Таким образом, предлагаемое решение позволяет успешно определять размеры и пространственное положение объектов различных классов по изображениям сцены с уровнями освещенности 100 и 70 %.
Efficient Method for Twist-Averaged Coupled Cluster Calculation of Gap Energy: Bulk Study of Stannic Oxide
Authors: Shaban Tameh Maliheh , Gladfelter Wayne L. , Goodpaster Jason D.
Published: April 2024

We study gap energy of the semiconducting oxide SnO2 through ab-initio calculations. DFT and coupled cluster calculations are presented and discussed. The efficiency of twist averaging in reducing the finite-size errors is tested through different functionals. We report an overestimation in the gap energy by finite-size scaling at the thermodynamic limit through equation-of-motion (EOM) CCSD calculations. To address one-body and many-body errors, we report a combination of the Kwee-Zhang-Krakauer (KZK) approach with twist averaging to explain twist averaged EOM-CCSD gap energy. In this approach, the correction to the gap energy originates from the difference between mean-field and many-body approximations and at the end the difference is added to the mean-filed gap of an infinite system to estimate the many-body gap in the thermodynamic limit. Unique single twist angles are introduced that yield cost-effective and accurate energies compared to the full twist averaging.
A photoactive nickel complex provides evidence for a general Ni(I)/Ni(III) paradigm in cross-coupling catalysis
Authors: Anghileri Lucia , Baunis Haralds , Bena Aleksander R. , Giannoudis Christos , Burke John H. , Reischauer Susanne , Merschjann Christoph , Wallik Rachel F. , Simionato Gianluca , Kovalenko Sergey , Dell’Amico Luca , van der Veen Renske M. , Pieber Bartholomäus
Published: April 2024

Advances in nickel catalysis have significantly broadened the synthetic chemists' toolbox, particularly through methodologies leveraging paramagnetic nickel species via photoredox catalysis or electrochemistry. Nonetheless, the mechanisms of these transformations remain poorly understood. In a pursuit to expand the scope of C(sp2)–heteroatom couplings by modulating the electronic properties of donor-acceptor ligands, we identified a photoactive nickel complex capable of catalyzing C(sp2)–C(sp3) cross-couplings between aryl halides and benzyltrifluoroborate salts without involving photoredox reactivity. Mechanistic investigations provided compelling evidence that an unprecedented direct transmetalation between a NiI intermediate and the organoboron species serves as pivotal catalytic step. More generally, these findings suggest that photo/electrochemically-mediated nickel-catalyzed C(sp2)–heteroatom and C(sp2)–C(sp3) bond formations can operate via similar Ni(I)/Ni(III) manifolds.
Complex network analysis of completely extended chains in rubber elasticity
Authors: Amamoto Yoshifumi , Kojio Ken , Takahara Atsushi , Masubuchi Yuichi , Ito Mariko , Ohnishi Takaaki
Published: April 2024

Rubber elastic theory describes the relationship between the microscopic chain structure and macroscopic mechanical properties of soft network polymers, such as elastomers and gels. When the deformation exceeds a certain threshold, the formation of extended chains induces hardening and failure of the materials, which has been tackled by experiments involving measurement techniques and mechanochemistry. However, the relationship between the network structure as concerns connectivity and the formation behavior of extended chains has hardly been described. Herein, we demonstrate the quantification of chain connectivity based on complex network science to investigate the formation mechanism of completely extended chains in rubber elasticity. Polymer chains in the central position of the network tended to persist in the extended chains as concerns connectivity. Furthermore, the formation of extended chains induces neighboring polymer chains to become extended chains, causing stress concentration at the network scale. Our approach, based on complex network theory, is useful as a bridge between conventional theory and experiments for describing complicated rubber elasticity at the mesoscale.
Differential effects of translation inhibitors onPlasmodium bergheiliver stage parasites
Authors: McLellan James L , Hanson Kirsten K
Published: April 2024

Increasing numbers of antimalarial compounds are being identified that converge mechanistically at inhibition of cytoplasmic translation, regardless of the molecular target or mechanism. A deeper understanding of how their effectiveness as liver stage translation inhibitors relates to their chemoprotective potential could prove useful. Here, we probed that relationship using thePlasmodium berghei–HepG2 liver stage infection model. After determining translation inhibition EC50s for five compounds, we tested them at equivalent effective concentrations to compare the parasite response to, and recovery from, a brief period of translation inhibition in early schizogony, followed by parasites to 120 h post-infection to assess antiplasmodial effects of the treatment. We show compound-specific heterogeneity in single parasite and population responses to translation inhibitor treatment, with no single metric strongly correlated to the release of hepatic merozoites for all compounds. We also demonstrate that DDD107498 is capable of exerting antiplasmodial effects on translationally arrested liver stage parasites and uncover unexpected growth dynamics during the liver stage. Our results demonstrate that translation inhibition efficacy does not determine antiplasmodial efficacy for these compounds.
Strategies for expanding childhood vaccination in the Americas following the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Domingues Carla Magda Allan Santos , Safadi Marco Aurelio P. , Espinal Carlos , Trejo Varon Ruby , Becerra-Posada Francisco , Ospina-Henao Sebastián
Published: April 2024

Objective.

To provide an overview of the status of the childhood vaccination schedule in the Americas, outline program structures, and identify updated implementation strategies to improve vaccination coverage following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods.

A group of experts in pediatrics, epidemiology, vaccines, and global and public health discussed the current status of the childhood vaccination schedule in the Americas, describing the program structure and identifying new implementation strategies that have the potential to improve vaccination coverage in the post-pandemic context, after the challenges COVID-19 presented for more than two years.

Results.

The Americas currently face a high risk of resurgence of diseases that were previously controlled or eliminated. Therefore, it is important to find new strategies to educate citizens on the risks associated with lower vaccination rates, especially in children.

Conclusions.

New strategies along with strong mobilization of the population and advocacy by citizens are necessary to prevent antivaccination groups from gaining a stronger presence in the region and jeopardizing the credibility of the Expanded Program on Immunization.
Sociodemographic differences in nutrition labels effect on Chilean and Mexican youth
Authors: Quevedo Kathia Larissa , Jáuregui Alejandra , Nieto Claudia , Contreras-Manzano Alejandra , White Christine M. , Vanderlee Lana , Barquera Simón , Corvalán Camila , Hammond David
Published: April 2024

Objective.

To examine sociodemographic differences in the awareness, understanding, use and effect of nutrition labels among Mexican and Chilean youth.

Methods.

Online surveys among youth (10-17 years) were obtained in 2019 (n=2631). Participants reported their awareness, understanding, and use of their country-specific nutrition facts tables (NFT) and front-of-pack labels (FOPL) (Chile: warning labels [WLs]; Mexico: guideline daily amounts [GDA]). Additionally, participants reported their perceived healthfulness of a sweetened fruit drink after viewing one of six versions of it with different FOPL (no-label control, Health Star Rating, WLs, GDAs, Traffic Light, or Nutri-Score) during an experimental task.

Results.

Higher self-reported nutrition knowledge was associated with higher NFT and FOPL awareness, understanding, and use, except for WL use. WLs were the most effective FOPL in decreasing the perceived healthfulness of the sweetened fruit drink compared to a no-label condition and other FOP labels. In Chile, the effect of GDA differed by income adequacy, while in Mexico Nutri-Score differed by age.

Conclusions.

Results suggest that nutrition label awareness, use, understanding, and impact differ across demographics, favoring higher income and nutrition knowledge. Despite this, WLs are likely to have a positive impact on nutrition-related knowledge and behaviors among Mexican and Chilean youth, independently of their socio-demographic groups.
Transformative Insights: Global Perspectives on Feedback Quality for Elevating undergraduate students’ Engagement and Motivation
Authors: Moussa Anass , Fisher Jonathan , Eddahmani Hassan
Published: April 2024

This study explores the dynamics of feedback quality from the perspectives of professors and its profound impact on the motivation and engagement of undergraduate students. Drawing upon insights from a diverse group of professors representing 12 different countries, this study employs a meticulously designed qualitative methodology, facilitating a thorough exploration of the connections between feedback processes and student outcomes through an interpretive lens. Notably, our findings emphasize the transformative potential of constructive feedback when supported by contemporary pedagogical approaches. The study reveals the challenges educators face in delivering comprehensive feedback while also highlighting themes such as a commitment to continuous professional development, a preference for face-to-face interactions over technological advancements, and the transformative impact of the feedback process on personal growth. Additionally, the participants’ recommendations align with broader pedagogical principles, emphasizing relationship building, perceiving feedback as an opportunity for improvement, fostering accessibility, continuous professional development, and creating psychological safety within the classroom. These recommendations provide practical insights for educators, guiding them to enhance their practices and cultivate supportive learning environments.
Streaming Media for English Language Learners’ Vocabulary Development: A Systematic Review of Features and Challenges
Authors: Gatcho Al Ryanne Gabonada
Published: April 2024

Focusing on the educational potential of streaming media in English language learners' (ELLs) vocabulary development, this systematic review bridges a notable gap in understanding the nuances of digital learning tools. Utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework, this review meticulously sifted through academic databases, selecting 22 peer-reviewed journal articles that met stringent eligibility criteria. Keywords that were used to identify the studies were “Streaming Media/Utilization/Implementation/Adoption” or “Vocabulary Learning/Development/Acquisition/Enhancement” and “English Language Learning” or “ESL/EFL Contexts/Environments/Settings.” It yielded six key themes contributing to vocabulary enhancement in ELLs: Authentic Learning Content, Adaptability, Engaging Material, Consolidation, Subtitle, and Multimodality. Concurrently, it revealed five prominent challenges: Limited Content, Access Issues, Passive Learning Risks, Reduced Focus, and Inadequate Pedagogical Support. Employing thematic analysis, the review offers a structured synthesis of these findings. This comprehensive approach not only highlights the beneficial aspects of streaming media in language education but also underscores the critical challenges that educators, educational technologists, and curriculum designers must navigate. The insights gained are poised to guide effective incorporation of streaming media in ELL vocabulary instruction, signifying a step forward in harnessing digital platforms for educational enhancement.
The Role of Government, Financial Literacy and Inclusion on the Financial Peformance of MSMEs in Malang City
Authors: Harmadji Dwi Ekasari , Yuliana Rachma , Arifin Rosyid , Putri Ayu Kemala
Published: April 2024

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Malang City, East Java Province, are important economic assets because they reduce unemployment and poverty. The number of MSMEs units in Malang City has increased, but their performance has decreased during the Covid-19 pandemic. This situation correlates with financial literacy, the role of Government, and financial inclusion. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the financial performance of MSMEs in Malang City during the COVID-19 pandemic, which includes financial inclusion as a moderating variable for the influence of financial literacy and the role of the Government. This research is quantitative, and data is obtained through questionnaires. Respondents to this research questionnaire were 129 MSMEs in Malang City. The results of the analysis are: first, the role of the Government has a positive effect on the financial performance of MSMEs; second, financial literacy has a positive impact on the financial performance of MSMEs; third, financial inclusion moderates the role of the Government and financial literacy on the financial performance of MSMEs in Malang City. This research contributes to collaboration on the part of Government, financial literacy, and financial inclusion to improve the financial performance of MSMEs.
Corporate governance and leverage on firm value: Evidence of Indonesian large firms
Authors: Santosa Perdana Wahyu , Setianingrum Any , Yusuf Chadra
Published: April 2024

This paper aims at the nexus of corporate governance, leverage, and firm value of selected Indonesian large firms in the 2014-2019 period. Specifically, the study is concerned about the effect of independent commissioner board size, institutional ownership, and audit committee size as proxies of corporate governance on firm value. The controlling variables are leverage and firm age. Panel regression analyzed secondary data collected from the LQ-45 index at Indonesia Stock Exchange firms as the large firms. The findings show that institutional ownership positively impacted firm value. However, the independent commissioner and audit committee exerted insignificant influence. The study results further showed that firm age and leverage significantly negatively impact firm value, respectively. Decisively, findings from this paper reflect that corporate governance positively influences firm value significantly. The study recommended that corporate governance dynamics in firms be empowered and re-examined, especially the audit committee's effectiveness. Both firm age and leverage do not affect productivity and firm value. The audit committee's role is more than optimal in carrying out the supervisory and control functions of the corporate management so that the responsibility of the management is considered transparent and results in an increase in shareholder trust. It is also recommended that the increase in firm age and excessive leverage be balanced with the creation of innovation and productivity of large firms.
Dynamics Analysis of Credit Transmission on Foreign Bank Penetration in Indonesia
Authors: Ekananda Mahjus
Published: April 2024

Studies explore mode penetration bank foreign in transmission credit channel in Indonesia. ARDL-PMG is used for analyzing Office Bank branch Foreign (FOB) and Foreign Acquired Banks (FAB) on data panel bank-level, using the BI-7DR Days Reverse-repo rate and JIBR as monetary policy indicators. This study uses data on individual banks classified as FBO and FAB in Indonesia. The use of the ARDL-PMG model as an alternative to solve dynamic heterogeneous panels on credit channel problems in Indonesia. The main finding of this study proves that FBO and FAB show different credit channel transmission mechanisms in response to monetary policy. Studies also show that monetary policy contraction significantly impact towards FBO and FAB in Indonesia in the long-run. This studies due to the characteristics of Foreign Bank Branch Offices that are risk averse and have higher liquidity and Foreign Acquired Banks with higher capitalization. This characteristic causes the impact of contractionary monetary policy insignificant on FBO credit growth and FAB. The research has implications for financial and banking authorities to improve supervision over credit transmission at FBO and FAB due to differences in credit channel transmission mechanisms in response to monetary policy.
Death and Grief in Indonesian Culture During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Krisna Puri Swastika Gusti , Anggun Imanuel Eko , Nurcahyo Fajar
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges to

societies worldwide, imposing unprecedented restrictions on the way people

grieve and commemorate their departed loved ones. In the context of Indonesia,

a country renowned for its rich and expressive cultural and religious mourning

practices, these restrictions have profound implications. This study explores

the intricate relationship between death, grief, and the limitations imposed by

pandemic-related protocols within Indonesian religious culture. Indonesia’s

diverse cultural landscape encompasses a myriad of religious traditions and

religious rituals that offer solace and support during times of loss. However,

stringent safety measures, including restrictions on funerals and burial

practices, have disrupted these customs. This paper delves into the emotional

and psychological impact of these restrictions on the Indonesian population,

examining the tension between the deep-rooted religious and cultural practices

surrounding death and mourning, and the necessity of adhering to public health

measures. The results of this study unveil the silent sorrows experienced by

Indonesians, who have been forced to adapt their grieving process. It explores

the innovative ways in which individuals and communities have sought to

maintain their religious and cultural identities while adhering to pandemic

protocols. Furthermore, it reflects the resilience and adaptability of

Indonesian society in the face of unprecedented challenges. By shedding light

on this unique intersection of religious and cultural traditions, pandemic

restrictions, and grief, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of

how societies cope with losses during times of crisis. It emphasises the

importance of preserving religious-cultural identity and mental well-being even

amidst adversity and calls for a more nuanced approach to pandemic management

that respects the cultural tapestry of a nation while safeguarding public health.
TURBULENCE MODELS IN CALCULATIONS OF AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GAS FLOWS
Authors: Gusentsova Ya. , Krasnogrudov A. , Rodygina M. , Ibragimov R.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The review of the most common turbulence models in engineering calculations, which allow approximate description of turbulent flows using the Reynolds equations of motion, is carried out, and their areas of application are shown. To calculate turbulent flows by solving the Reynolds equations, a closure hypothesis is adopted for apparent turbulent stresses and other variables included in the equations.

It is noted that Businex is considered one of the main ones, which is confirmed by experimental studies of turbulence, which show that the turbulent flow is characterized by the presence of an energy cascade from large to smaller scales.

In addition, the authors considered: the semi-empirical Prandtl theory based on the assumption that turbulent motion consists of an infinite number of vortices of various scales that interact with each other and transfer energy from large scales to smaller ones, models specially adapted to a specific type of problem, for example, LES for modeling the interaction of turbulent flows, a generalized theory of developed turbulence (GDT, Generalized Theory of Turbulence), which is a theory, developed for the description and simulation of turbulent flows in various technical devices.

It is proved that one of the most common approaches is to use models with different levels of detail, starting with simpler models and moving on to more complex ones, if necessary to achieve the required accuracy. This approach is called the "ladder of models" or RANS/LES method.

Subject of research: turbulence models for calculating aerodynamic characteristics of gas flows.

Materials and methods: the basis of the performed research is a number of scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers in this field and the results obtained by the authors in the course of the work.

A systematic approach is used, meaning consideration and study of the object of research as an integrated system consisting of many interrelated elements.

Results: The authors note that one of the most common approaches is to use models with different levels of detail, starting with simpler models and moving on to more complex ones if necessary to achieve the required accuracy. This approach is called the "ladder of models" or RANS/LES method.

Conclusions: The choice of a turbulence model for specific cases depends on a number of factors, including flow characteristics, available data, accuracy requirements and computational capabilities. The selection criteria include: physical properties and flow mode; the degree of accuracy of calculations and calculation capabilities.
Orientasi Eksternal, Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan, dan Emisi Polusi
Authors: Aziza Nurna
Published: April 2024

Companies in open economies with stronger external orientations have come under pressure from customers and other stakeholders to implement global corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities since the 2000s. The purpose of this study proposes a relationship between CSR, the level of external orientation, and pollution emissions, such as pollution reduction. It uses an empirical methodology using secondary data for manufacturing companies. The results showed that external orientation is related to pollution emissions, corporate social responsibility is negatively related to pollution emissions, and there is a proven moderating effect on pollution emissions. The higher the external orientation but with high corporate social responsibility can withstand the increase in pollution emissions by manufacturing companies.
Dijital Oyun Bağımlılığı ve Okul Bağlılığı Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Tonga İlknur
Published: April 2024

Özet: Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaokul öğrencilerinde dijital oyun bağımlılığı ile okul bağlılığı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın verileri 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında 8. Sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 104’ü(%29,1) kız, 253’ü (%70,9)erkek olmak üzere toplam357 öğrenciden elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada Dijital Oyun Bağımlılığı Ölçeği ile Okula Bağlılık Ölçeğinden faydalanılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Analizler sonucu elde edilen puanların normal dağılım göstermesi üzerine; t Testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve korelasyon teknikleri ile bağımsız değişkenlerin bağımlı değişken üzerinde ki etkilerin yordanması için çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, öğrencilerin Okul Bağlılığı Ölçeği puanları ile Oyun Bağımlılığı Ölçeği puanları arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Genel olarak; erkek öğrencilerin oyun bağımlılığı puanları, kız öğrencilere göre daha yüksektir. Savaş\dövüş türünde ve günde 4 saat ile üzeri oyun oynayan öğrencilerin okul bağlılığı puanları gruplar arasında en düşük, oyun bağımlılığı puanları gruplar arasında en yüksektir. Derslerinde başarılı olduğunu düşünen öğrencilerin oyun bağımlılığı puanları grup içinde en düşük, okul bağlılığı puanları grup içinde en yüksek olarak bulunmuştur. Ailesinin yüksek ve orta düzey ekonomik gelire ve ebeveyninin demokratik tutuma sahip olduğunu düşünen öğrencilerin okul bağlılığı puanları grup içerisinde en yüksek olarak bulunmuştur. Oyun bağımlılığı alt ölçeklerinin okul bağlılığını yordam gücü incelendiğinde sadece dijital oyun oynamaya yönelik aşırı odaklanma ve çatışma alt boyutunun negatif yönde anlamlı bir yordayıcı olduğu görülmekte ve bu da okul bağlılığındaki varyansın yüzde 11’ini açıkladığı görülmüştür. Genel olarak bulgular tartışılmış yorumlanmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Okul bağlılığı, dijital oyun bağımlılığı.
	Adaptation of the Child-Adolescent Digital Addiction Scale (CADAS) to the Turkish Culture: A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Türk Nuri , Batmaz Hasan , Keleş Osman
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Digital addiction has become one of the types of behavioral addiction that has started to affect all segments of society starting from early childhood. In this context, it was deemed necessary to adapt the Child-Adolescent Digital Addiction Scale (CADAS) to determine the digital addiction levels of school-age children

Design & Methodology: Within the scope of adaptation, data were collected from 305 students from 4th to 12th grades (Mage = 14.14, SD = 2.40) for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), 301 students (Mage = 13.36, SD = 2.16) for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and 372 students (Mage = 12.26, SD = 1.55) for criterion validity. Data were collected face-to-face and online voluntarily.

Findings: EFA and CFA were used to determine the validity level of the scale. For criterion validity, the correlation obtained from the Digital Game Addiction Scale (r=.77) and the Social Media Addiction Scale for Adolescents (r=.74) was examined. Cronbach alpha (.875) and McDonald ω (.872) values were calculated for the reliability of the scale. In addition, the corrected item-total correlations of the scale ranged between .66 and .85.

Implications & Suggestions: The findings of the study show that CADAS is valid and reliable for Turkish culture.
Követéses helynévismereti vizsgálatok Tépén
Authors: Győrffy Erzsébet
Published: April 2024

Real-time studies are needed to provide empirical evidence for changes in toponymic knowledge. These studies can be completed by examining the relative toponymic knowledge of generations of the same age at different times: this is called a trend study. In a panel study, the data collection is repeated with the same individuals who participated in the first study. A combination of a panel and a trend study is the most efficient, which is why the author repeated their 2013 survey of toponymic knowledge in Tépe in 2023. As a first step in the more recent survey, interviews were conducted with 7% of the population in four generational groups. Here the research aimed to discern how the generational groups’ toponymic knowledge evolved in relation to each other. In addition, a panel study with 11 respondents was also completed. This study focused on changes in individual toponymic knowledge. Out of 11 respondents, only 2 individuals showed an increase in toponymic knowledge, while the other respondents exhibited a decrease to a lesser or greater extent. One important finding of the present study is that the change in toponymic knowledge is not a one-directional process: not only did new names appear on the mental maps of younger and middle-aged respondents, some also disappeared.
Helynév-szociológiai vizsgálatok Jablonca községben
Authors: Csobády Csilla
Published: April 2024

The study presents the results of research into the use of toponyms in Jablonca (Silická Jablonica), a Hungarian settlement in Slovakia. According to the results of the 2021 census 91.76% of the population in this border village is of Hungarian nationality. The village community is characterised by Hungarian-Slovak bilingualism. Consequently, the place-name collection revealed both Hungarian and Slovak place names for some areas. The paper describes the sociological aspects of the research, which aimed to investigate the inhabitants’ knowledge of place names. The paper reviews the non-lingual factors that influence the knowledge of place names. Research was conducted via interviews, questionnaires and asking respondents to draw a mental map. The results showed that place of birth, ethnicity and mother tongue, as well as occupation and leisure activities, are the main factors that determine knowledge of place names. Hungarian dominates the residents’ place name use, with only a minority knowing place names in Slovak (i.e., those shown on a map). The study of place-name knowledge within the family shows the importance of family knowledge in the transmission of place-names.
Növénynevet tartalmazó településnevek
Authors: Kovács Éva
Published: April 2024

The paper examines the relationship between place names referring to the natural environment and plant names. It provides a comprehensive picture of the role of plant names in the formation of settlement names describing the natural environment: what form plant names take in early Old Hungarian settlement names, when and in what proportion they appear in early Old Hungarian sources, and what shifts in their frequency occurred over the centuries. The study also examines the spatial characteristics of the name type and the distribution of certain plant names. Summarising the results, it can be concluded that in the early Old Hungarian period, the settlement names derived from plant names were usually formed by adding suffixes to single words. Morphematic naming played the dominant role in the formation of these settlement names. A significant increase in the number of such settlement names can be seen from the beginning of the 13th century, and continued at a steady pace until the end of the early Old Hungarian period. Settlement names of botanical origin are relatively common and cover the whole Carpathian Basin. Settlement names also include names of various plants, but the frequency of certain plant names varies greatly.
Osztrák és magyar borterméknevek nyelvészeti vizsgálata
Authors: Szilágyi-Kósa Anikó
Published: April 2024

The study presents the product-naming strategies of innovative wineries in Eastern Austria and Transdanubian Hungary that mainly produce natural wines. The dataset was compiled through an internet search of wine product names used in the early 2020s. The names were classified according to the linguistic elements and strategies found in the names. The names were then used to identify the linguistic-cultural contacts on both sides of the Hungarian-Austrian border. The wine product names contain many primary proper names (surnames, forenames, toponyms), but also abound in linguistic play and elements of foreign origin. All these can be explained by the general expectation of product names to attract the attention of the consumer, to be memorable and useful for advertising purposes.
LIPID PROFILE COMPARISON BETWEEN CYCLISTS AND SEDENTARY PEOPLE
Authors: Ida Ayu Eka Widiastuti  , Seto Priyambodo  , Gede Wira Buanayuda
Published: April 2024

Lipid profile describes the varying levels of lipids in the blood, the most commonly reported ones being high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides. Cardiorespiratory endurance exercises, such as cycling increased HDL-cholesterol, while triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol levels decreased. The purpose of this study was to compare lipid profile between cyclists and sedentary people. This research is an analytic observational with cross sectional method. The subjects consist of two different group, which were 21 cyclists of 1st group and 21 sedentary people of 2nd group. Lipid profile was measured on subjects that included serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) of serum triglycerides (p=0.000), total cholesterol (p=0.005), HDL-cholesterol (p=0.000), and LDL-cholesterol (p=0.001) levels between cyclists and sedentary people. Cyclists have a better lipid profile compared to sedentary people.
Hubungan Obesitas pada Kehamilan dengan Berat Bayi dan Usia Kehamilan Saat Persalinan di Puskesmas Cakranegara
Authors: I Dewa Bagus Ketut Widya Pramana  , Ario Danianto  , Rifana Cholidah
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Obesitas merupakan gangguan metabolisme lemak akibat penumpukan lemak berlebih pada jaringan adiposa. Penumpukan lemak berlebih pada jaringan adiposa mengakibatkan peningkatan sekresi sitokin inflamasi yang berdampak terhadap kesehatan ibu dan bayinya. Peningkatan sitokin inflamasi dapat mengganggu aksis hipotalamus pituitari, kontraktilitas miometrium dan pematangan serviks yang berhubungan dengan usia kehamilan saat persalinan. Selain itu, peningkatan sitokin inflamasi juga menyebabkan peningkatan sistem transpor asam amino plasenta dan penurunan faktor pertumbuhan plasenta yang berhubungan dengan berat lahir bayi.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional dengan mengambil data menggunakan kohort ibu hamil yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi di Puskesmas Cakranegara pada tahun 2019 hingga 2021. Metode pengambilan sampel adalah total sampling.Hasil: Pada penelitian ini, didapatkan 243 data ibu hamil yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Didapatkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara IMT ibu hamil pada trimester satu dengan usia kehamilan saat persalinan (p=0.032). Didapatkan juga hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara obesitas pada kehamilan dengan kejadian prematur (p=0.029) dan kejadian postmatur (p=0.047). Peneliti tidak mendapatkan hubungan secara statistik antara IMT ibu hamil yang diukur pada trimester pertama dengan berat bayi (p=0.066).
GAMBARAN EPIDEMIOLOGI FAKTOR RISIKO PREEKLAMSIA PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Ika Primayanti  , Ario Danianto  , Rizkinov Jumsa  , NN Geriputri  , Marie Yuni  Andari
Published: April 2024

Preeklamsia merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama kematian ibu disamping perdarahan dan infeksi. Meningkatnya angka kejadian preeklamsia tentu saja menjadi permasalahan ditengah meningkatnya upaya pelayanan kesehatan maternal yang dilakukan. Faktor risiko kejadian preeklamsia dapat ditemukan melalui pengkajian riwayat dan pemeriksaan khusus pada kunjungan antenatal care. Melalui deteksi dini tentang faktor risiko kejadian preeklamsia diharapkan morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal dan perinatal dapat dicegah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi guna mendapatkan gambaran epidemiologis faktor risiko kejadian preeklamsia pada ibu hamil. Desain penelitian adalah deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Selama periode Juli - November 2021dengan subjek penelitian adalah ibu hamil trimester kedua dengan cara wawancara terpimpin disertai dengan pemeriksaan tekanan darah dan pemeriksaan proteinuri melalui tes celup sederhana. Besar sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 52 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan faktor risiko sedang preeklamsia terbanyak adalah Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) >90mmHg yaitu 17 responden (32,7%), sedangkan pada faktor risiko tinggi preeklamsia didapatkan faktor terbanyak adalah riwayat hipertensi kronik yaitu 2 responden (3,8%).
Faktor Risiko Reaksi Erythema Nodosum Leprosum di RSUD Patut Patuh Patju Tahun 2016-2020
Authors: Eva Aguswulandari Suwito  , Farida Hartati
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Morbus Hansen (MH) atau penyakit kusta merupakan penyakit infeksi pada kulit yang bersifat kronis, disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium leprae. Terdapat dua jenis reaksi kusta, yaitu tipe Reversal dan tipe Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL). ENL merupakan komplikasi penyakit kusta berupa reaksi hipersensitivitas tipe III dengan peradangan akut karena respon berlebihan tubuh terhadap M. leprae.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari catatan rekam medis pasien MH yang berkunjung ke Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUD Patut Patuh Patju selama tahun 2016 – 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control dengan jumlah sampel 40 pasien MH yang dibagi menjadi 20 pasien kelompok kasus (pasien yang mengalami reaksi ENL) dan 20 pasien kelompok kontrol (pasien tidak mengalami reaksi ENL). Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan cara univariat dan bivariat untuk melihat faktor risiko apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian ENL.Hasil: Faktor yang secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya ENL, yaitu jenis kelamin (p=0,023), koinfeksi dengan penyakit lain (p=0,030), Indeks Bakteri ≥2+ (p=0,044), serta usia (p=0,048).