bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hannah Arendt et Walter Benjamin
Authors: Robichaud Arianne
Published: September 2024

Cet article souhaite montrer que la lutte contre un monde totalitaire passe non seulement par une éducation qui préserve, comme le veut Arendt, le ferment révolutionnaire des jeunes générations, mais aussi par la défense d’une éducation anti-égoïstique centrée sur le monde commun et non sur l’individu. J’entends montrer les fondements d’une telle éducation à l’aide de la pensée éducative de Hannah Arendt et de celle de différents philosophes inspirées par ses théories (principalement Gert Biesta), mais surtout en contrastant la pensée de Arendt à celle de Walter Benjamin : je propose ainsi de concevoir l’éducation arendtienne comme une force anti-égoïstique contre le totalitarisme présent et à venir , et l’éducation benjaminienne comme une force anti-égoïstique contre le totalitarisme passé , soit des tâches de mémoire et de rédemption essentielles pour l’émancipation humaine.
De la « banalité du mal » au bouc émissaire
Authors: Casanova Rémi
Published: September 2024

Le texte explore les concepts de « banalité du mal » et de bouc émissaire, mettant en lumière leurs liens avec la violence archaïque dans les organisations. Il examine la signification de la « banalité du mal » selon Hannah Arendt, ainsi que les interprétations et controverses entourant cette expression. En s’appuyant sur des auteurs tels que Durand et Girard, il propose une perspective anthropologique universelle sur la banalité du mal et son lien avec le mécanisme du bouc émissaire. Enfin, il explore comment ce mécanisme peut servir de régulation de la banalité du mal contemporain, avec des exemples tirés des méthodologies d’intervention dans les organisations.
De la reconnaissance avec Hannah Arendt
Authors: Dequiré Anne-Françoise , Micor-Bugaj Marjorie
Published: September 2024

Le terme de reconnaissance fait aujourd’hui partie intégrante autant des débats politiques que des théories philosophiques et sociologiques. En effet, les problèmes sociaux et politiques semblent immanquablement être analysés via le prisme des théories de la reconnaissance. Bien qu’abordé dans des contextes distincts et au-delà des différences conceptuelles, cet article ambitionne la mise en perspective de la reconnaissance, sousjacente chez Hannah Arendt, avec les principaux penseurs contemporains dudit concept. Il vise la mise en exergue des convergences théoriques relatives à la reconnaissance, avec un accent posé sur la dimension identitaire et l’action politique, ouvrant, in fine , vers une réflexion sur l’éducation citoyenne aujourd’hui.
L’appropriation du « sport-santé » par l’instrumentation : l’exemple d’une fédération française omnisports
Authors: Illivi Frédéric
Published: September 2024

Les enjeux contemporains autour du « sport-santé » suscitent la « convoitise » d’une pluralité d’intervenants. Pour se positionner sur ce marché comme « offreurs d’Activités Physiques et Sportives », le monde du sport associatif consacre ses efforts à la mise en place d’un ensemble d’outils ou d’instruments d’action publique (IAP). Il s’agit donc, ici, d’examiner comment une fédération omnisports crée, développe et organise sa propre technologie instrumentale. L’objectif pour le réseau fédéral est de participer pleinement à la diffusion et à la régulation territoriale de la lutte contre la sédentarité et l’inactivité physique, notamment, par le biais du dispositif de prescription introduit par la loi de modernisation de notre système de santé. Cette technologie représente-t-elle un passage obligé pour accéder à une légitimité professionnelle ? Favorise-t-elle l’intéressement du réseau fédéral aux enjeux du « sport-santé » et instaure-t-elle et/ou renforce-t-elle une dynamique partenariale avec d’autres acteurs, notamment le monde de la santé ?
Promouvoir une activité physique régulière chez les patients : l’importance de la perception de l’effort
Authors: Boisgontier Matthieu , Cheval Boris
Published: September 2024

L’activité physique est associée à un large éventail de bénéfices pour la santé. Cependant, de nombreux patients n’atteignent pas les niveaux d’activité physique recommandés. À ce jour, les interventions visant à promouvoir l’activité physique chez les patients s’appuient majoritairement sur les modèles de motivation et de santé qui présentent les processus cognitifs comme un déterminant essentiel des comportements. Cependant, les méta-analyses indiquent que ces interventions sont plus efficaces pour modifier les intentions que pour modifier le comportement lui-même. Il est donc nécessaire de développer des interventions ciblant des mécanismes alternatifs. Dans ce sens, de récentes études ont montré qu’une propension automatique à minimiser l’effort perçu pourrait expliquer l’écart entre l’intention d’être actif physiquement et l’engagement effectif dans l’activité physique. Après une présentation du cadre théorique, cet article explique comment l’intégration de la théorie de la minimisation de l’effort dans la prise en charge des patients peut contribuer à promouvoir leur engagement dans une activité physique régulière. Enfin, des pistes et conseils pratiques sont proposés aux professionnels de la santé et de l’activité physique qui ont pour objectif de promouvoir cet engagement.
La Copa Mundial de la FIFA en los BRICS: Retratos mediáticos internacionales de Sudáfrica, Brasil y Rusia
Authors: Gutierrez Gustavo Luis , Gutierrez Diego
Published: September 2024

Résumé : L'article explique comment les médias internationaux ont dépeint le pays hôte lors de trois Coupes du Monde de la FIFA, Afrique du Sud 2010, Brésil 2014 et Russie 2018. La recherche a analysé 5085 articles produits par sept médias de quatre pays au cours des événements en utilisant une analyse de Frames. Il vise à comprendre comment les médias ont dépeint ces pays, les similitudes dans la couverture et la transformation au cours de la période. Les trois pays présentent une étude de cas intéressante car ils sont considérés comme des pays en développement qui ont accueilli la Coupe du Monde de la FIFA avec un objectif similaire, améliorer leur image internationale. La couverture de l'Afrique du Sud et du Brésil est dominée par les questions sociales comme l'inégalité, la violence et la pauvreté tandis que la Russie se concentre sur les questions politiques.
Validity of an Exercise Log for Measuring Duration of Exercise in Older Women With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Cheung Corjena , Talley Kristine , Mathiason Michelle A. , Wyman Jean F.
Published: September 2024

Purpose

To examine the validity and usability of a paper log for evaluating exercise duration in older women.

Method

Data from 23 females (mean age = 70.4 years) who completed an 8-week pilot randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of yoga and aerobic/strength training on knee osteoarthritis were included in this secondary analysis. Participants were asked to complete a paper log and video recording of their home exercise sessions.

Results

Concurrent validity was high between minutes reported on the paper logs and video recordings during Weeks 2 to 7 (
r
= 0.878). Usability was high, with participants completing 79% to 91% of paper logs and 74% to 100% of video diaries weekly. Overall minutes reported on the paper exercise logs and video diaries were positively correlated to Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly scores at 8 weeks.

Conclusion

Exercise logs are a valid and useful method in assessing adherence to prescribed exercise duration in unsupervised home programs. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17
(5), 219–225.]
Information about nutritional aspects of edible insects: Perspectives across different European geographies
Authors: Guiné Raquel P. F. , Florença Sofia G. , Costa Cristina A. , Correia Paula M. R. , Ferreira Manuela , Cardoso Ana P. , Campos Sofia , Anjos Ofélia , Bartkiene Elena , Sarić Marijana Matek
Published: September 2024

Edible insects (EIs) have recently gained attention as an alternative and more sustainable food, emerging as an alternative to other protein foods with higher environmental impacts, like bovine meat. EIs contain a valuable composition of macro and micronutrients, important for human nutrition. Nevertheless, their consumption is not yet widespread in Western countries, such as in Europe. This work aimed to study how consumers in three different European locations perceive the role of EIs in human nutrition. Data collection was carried out by a questionnaire survey in three countries (Croatia, Lithuania, and Portugal), and 1723 participants were included in the study. For the treatment of the data, SPSS software was used, and chi-square tests and tree classification analysis were performed. The results showed that for all the statements presented to the participants, significant differences were found in information about EIs according to country. The results further highlighted that the participants were better informed about the high protein content of EIs, while not being well informed about their possible anti-nutritive effects. Tree classification revealed that the most important discriminating variable was country, with Lithuanian participants being better informed than those from Portugal or Croatia.
Stability analysis of Caputo fractional time-dependent systems with delay using vector lyapunov functions
Authors: Achuobi Jonas Ogar , Akpan Edet Peter , George Reny , Ofem Austine Efut
Published: September 2024

In this study, we investigate the stability and asymptotic stability properties of Caputo fractional time-dependent systems with delay by employing vector Lyapunov functions. Utilizing the Caputo fractional Dini derivative on Lyapunov-like functions, along with a new comparison theorem and differential inequalities, we derive and prove sufficient conditions for the stability and asymptotic stability of these complex systems. An example is included to showcase the method's practicality and to specifically illustrate its advantages over scalar Lyapunov functions. Our results improves, extends, and generalizes several existing findings in the literature.
Modeling of 3 SAT discrete Hopfield neural network optimization using genetic algorithm optimized K-modes clustering
Authors: Xie Xiaojun , Sathasivam Saratha , Ma Hong
Published: September 2024

The discrete Hopfield neural network 3-satisfiability (DHNN-3SAT) model represents an innovative application of deep learning techniques to the Boolean SAT problem. Existing research indicated that the DHNN-3SAT model demonstrated significant advantages in handling 3SAT problem instances of varying scales and complexities. Compared to traditional heuristic algorithms, this model converged to local minima more rapidly and exhibited enhanced exploration capabilities within the global search space. However, the model faced several challenges and limitations. As constraints in SAT problems dynamically increased, decreased, or changed, and as problem scales expanded, the model's computational complexity and storage requirements may increase dramatically, leading to reduced performance in handling large-scale SAT problems. To address these challenges, this paper first introduced a method for designing network synaptic weights based on fundamental logical clauses. This method effectively utilized the synaptic weight information from the original SAT problem within the DHNN network, thereby significantly reducing redundant computations. Concrete examples illustrated the design process of network synaptic weights when constraints were added, removed, or updated, offering new approaches for managing the evolving constraints in SAT problems. Subsequently, the paper presented a DHNN-3SAT model optimized by genetic algorithms combined with K-modes clustering. This model employed genetic algorithm-optimized K-modes clustering to effectively cluster the initial space, significantly reducing the search space. This approach minimized the likelihood of redundant searches and reduced the risk of getting trapped in local minima, thus improving search efficiency. Experimental tests on benchmark datasets showed that the proposed model outperformed traditional DHNN-3SAT models, DHNN-3SAT models combined with genetic algorithms, and DHNN-3SAT models combined with imperialist competitive algorithms across four evaluation metrics. This study not only broadened the application of DHNN in solving 3SAT problems but also provided valuable insights and guidance for future research.
Concurrent factorization of RSA moduli via weak key equations
Authors: Ruzai Wan Nur Aqlili , Ying You , Muhammad Khairun Nisak , Asbullah Muhammad Asyraf , Ariffin Muhammad Rezal Kamel
Published: September 2024

The Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) algorithm is a widely utilized technique in asymmetric cryptography, primarily for verifying digital signatures and encrypting messages. Its security relies on the integer factorization problem's difficulty, which is computationally infeasible with large security parameters. However, this study revealed scenarios where an attacker can concurrently factorize multiple RSA moduli $ N_i = p_i q_i $ under specific conditions. The attack is feasible when the attacker possesses a set of RSA key pairs with certain flaws, allowing each $ N_i $ to be factored in polynomial time. We identified vulnerabilities in RSA keys that satisfy particular equations by applying Diophantine approximation and Coppersmith's lattice-based technique. For instance, the study demonstrates that if RSA public exponents $ e_i $ and moduli $ N_i $ adhere to $ e_i r - (N_i - p_i - q_i + u_i) s_i = t_i $, where $ r, s_i, u_i $, and $ t_i $ are small integers, then all $ N_i $ can be factorized simultaneously. Additionally, another vulnerability arises when RSA parameters satisfy $ e_i r_i - s(N_i - p_i - q_i + u_i) = t_i $, enabling concurrent factorization with small integers $ s, r_i, u_i $, and $ t_i $. This research expands the understanding of RSA security by identifying specific conditions under which RSA public-key pairs can be compromised. These findings are relevant to the broader field of cryptography and the ongoing efforts to secure communication systems against sophisticated adversaries.
On the optimal second order decrease rate for nonlinear and symmetric control systems
Authors: Costantini Mauro , Soravia Pierpaolo
Published: September 2024

When a control system has all its vector fields tangent to the level set of a given smooth function $ u $ at a point $ \hat x $, under appropriate assumptions that function can still have a negative rate of decrease with respect to the trajectories of the control system in an appropriate sense. In the case when the system is symmetric and $ u $ has a decrease rate of the second order, we characterise this fact and investigate the existence of a best possible rate in the class of piecewise constant controls. The problem turns out to be purely algebraic and depends on the eigenvalues of matrices constructed from a basis matrix whose elements are the second order Lie derivatives of $ u $ at $ \hat x $ with respect to the vector fields of the system.
Molecular detection of Salmonella typhi from gallbladder tissue of cholecystitis patients and its relation to gallstone formation
Authors: Hassan Bashar A. Abdul , Hassan Jabbar S. , Umayra Ali Nayyef , Abdulrahman Thanaa R.
Published: September 2024

The gallbladder is often colonized by Salmonella during typhoid fever, and cholelithiasis contributes to many factors one of them is cholecystitis, which results from bacterial infections. This study aims to detect Salmonella typhi in the tissue of the gallbladder and find out its role in cholelithiasis. A total of 55 patients undergoing clinical and ultrasound examination were enrolled in this study, 43 with cholelithiasis and 12 without cholelithiasis, in which the gallbladder was taken as part of the surgical treatment for morbid obesity. DNA from tissue was extracted using QIAamp DNA Mini kit (Qiagen GmbH, Hilden, Germany) according to the manufacturer's recommendations; primer sets were used in this study that targeted fliC and SopB genes. A considerable number of cholelithiasis patients, 35 (81%), presented with multiple stone formation, while 8 (18.6%) presented with single stone formation. As many as 43 (78.1%) of cases presented with chronic cholecystitis, while only 12 (21.8%) of cases presented with acute cholecystitis by sonographic gallbladder; out of 55 samples, 10 (18.1%) were positive for the fliC gene in amplification of 367 bp. All 10 positive samples for Salmonella typhi showed gallbladder stone formation. However, out of 10 positive tissue samples for Salmonella typhi 10 (100%), of them were positive for the SopB gene. The findings in this study add to the body of knowledge around the occurrence rate of Salmonella typhi in gallbladder tissue samples obtained from patients with cholecystitis.
Uma ANÁLISE SOBRE AS EXPORTAÇÕES DE MINÉRIO DE FERRO BRASILEIRO NO PERÍODO 2000 A 2018
Authors: DAL MORO ODIRLEI FERNANDO , Favro Jackelline , Marconato Marcio , Gomes Carlos Eduardo , Michelon Ednaldo
Published: September 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o comportamento das exportações de longo prazo do minério de ferro brasileiro no período 2000-2018, para verificar sua relação com o preço internacional, a taxa de câmbio real, a demanda mundial e a renda internacional. Como método, aplica-se a técnica de análise do modelo de vetor autorregressivo estrutural (SVAR). Os resultados alcançados sugerem a existência de uma inércia das exportações do minério de ferro brasileiro. Além disso, o preço, a taxa de câmbio e a demanda mundial apresentaram impacto positivo sobre as vendas, demonstrando que os efeitos inerentes as variações dos preços comportaram-se coerentemente com as leis de oferta e demanda. Além disso, a taxa de câmbio real, decorrente da depreciação cambial real no período, ampliou a competitividade brasileira, concomitante a expansão da demanda mundial. Em relação a renda mundial, observou-se um comportamento inelástico em relação a oferta.
BRASIL E MÉXICO NAS CADEIAS GLOBAIS DE VALOR: ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA BASEADA NA INTENSIDADE TECNOLÓGICA DA PRODUÇÃO INDUSTRIAL
Authors: Vicente Cateia Julio
Published: September 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo traçar um comparativo da integração brasileira e mexicana nas Cadeias Globais de Valor (CGVs), conforme a intensidade tecnológica da produção industrial (1990-2013). A análise é feita com base nos recentes índices disponibilizados pela OCDE/OMC, que se referem a participação dos países nas CGVs. Estes indicadores sugerem que o grupo industrial de média-alta intensidade tecnológica foi o mais integrado nas CGVs, tanto para o Brasil como para o México. Entretanto, observa-se que os setores industriais mexicanos, em regra, são mais integrados que os brasileiros. Ao analisar o balanço de pagamentos tecnológico (BPT) desses setores, verificou-se que, para o Brasil, quanto maior a intensidade tecnológica, maior o déficit comercial, enquanto que para o México quanto maior intensidade tecnológica, menor o déficit, sinalizando que os setores industriais mexicanos de maior intensidade tecnológica apresentam maiores potenciais de inserção nas CGVs comparativamente aos brasileiros. Portanto, o BPT e sua relação dinâmica com as CGVs explica grandemente o diferencial de inserção das duas economias na produção global.
AGRICULTURE, RIGHT TO FOOD AND BIOECONOMY
Authors: Rocha Rodrigues Romário , Machado de Oliveira Ariane Maria
Published: September 2024

This work aimed to analyze how the bioeconomy contributes to modify the food system, making it sustainable. Surveys carried out internationally demonstrate the concern of analysts with the map of hunger that will increase due to Covid-19, as well as the megatrends that will increase the demand for food. The challenge will be to implement an economic model that changes the food system. The bioeconomy will allow focusing on sustainable alternatives regarding the use of natural and biotechnological resources and the form of economic organization, so as not to compromise socio-biodiversity. Through bibliographical analysis, it is concluded that the exploitation of biotechnology and biological resources will place Brazil in the focus of the production of products, inputs and food, attracting investors to the domestic market, making it an important player in the production chain. Consequently, it will expand regional markets, contributing to the reduction of food insecurity in the country.
Brasil: do eterno país do futuro para um país de sua gente
Authors: Marques Rosa Maria , Álvares de Lima Depieri Marcelo
Published: September 2024

Este texto tem como objetivo registrar os principais desafios que se colocariam para um governo preocupado em reconstruir o Estado na sua capacidade de desenvolver políticas econômicas e sociais dirigidas à maioria da população. Para isso, iniciamos por registrar os elementos estruturais da sociedade brasileira, que fazem o país ser dependente e extremamente desigual. A seguir, analisamos o período recente, quando se acentuou o processo de desindustrialização, foi priorizada a austeridade fiscal acima de qualquer outro objetivo, e quando pioraram diversos indicadores sociais. Ao final, discutimos aspectos ou temas que precisariam urgentemente ser enfrentados para que o quadro econômico e social atual fosse revertido, complementando essa preocupação com a necessidade de serem introduzidas novas formas de participação popular tanto na definição de políticas de governo como na de políticas de Estado.
Bancos de desenvolvimento como braço de política pública para transição verde sustentável
Authors: Fernanda Fernanda Feil , Feijo Carmem
Published: September 2024

O processo de adaptação e mitigação à mudança climática exige uma rápida transição verde sustentável. A principal responsabilidade por este processo cabe aos Estados que são legitimados e têm um amplo espectro de instrumentos à sua disposição, tais quais suas instituições e políticas econômicas. Para tanto, tanto, a intencionalidade da promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável necessita do alinhamento das políticas do Estado, suas instituições e, como reflexo, as políticas adotadas – fiscal, monetárias, cambial e industrial, junto com a política de crédito público, devem juntas, garantir a longevidade e sustentabilidade do processo. Bancos de desenvolvimento são essenciais para o processo, mas sua eficácia somente será garantida se houver concatenação das políticas macroeconômicas convencionais atuando em harmonia com os demais instrumentos disponíveis pelo Estado. Para tanto, necessitam não apenas incorporar a sustentabilidade em sua missão, mas especialmente, necessitam de legitimidade para liderarem essa transformação do sistema financeiro e das relações de produção.  Partimos da hipótese de que a existência de um sistema financeiro eficiente é condição necessária, mas não suficiente, para a sustentação do processo de desenvolvimento sustentável e da garantia do nível de investimento de forma a assegurar que ocorra mudança estrutural da economia. A funcionalidade do sistema financeiro deve estar voltada para esse novo desafio.
DESENVOLVIMENTO EXILADO
Authors: Iazdi Oz
Published: September 2024

O objetivo do artigo é avaliar se há particularidades territoriais e institucionais fronteiriças que exercem alguma influência habilitadora/limitadora sobre a potencialidade de desenvolvimento e inovação nessas áreas. Partindo de uma abordagem ampla de desenvolvimento local, observa-se que as regiões fronteiriças apresentam três particularidades: (I) a possível presença de barreiras políticas e burocráticas que dificultam o potencial de coordenação das elites locais que põem em marcha o processo de crescimento; (II) a presença de instituições habilitadoras ou limitadoras para o aproveitamento dos recursos endógenos que criam redes inovadoras e permitem a tradução cultural e a utilização do conhecimento local; (III) a necessidade excepcional de se buscar um diálogo inclusivo e transparente entre todas as esferas dos agentes públicos e locais a fim de construir uma governança multidirecional e democrática. Atentar a essas três particularidades contribui para que o desenvolvimento não fique exilado, com suas potencialidades barradas no outro lado da fronteira.
A ABORDAGEM TEÓRICA DA INFLAÇÃO BRASILEIRA NA DÉCADA DE 1980
Authors: Ferreira de Araujo Renan
Published: September 2024

O presente trabalho busca mostrar, de forma organizada, a abordagem teórica animada pelo denso debate sobre as causas e soluções para a alta inflação na década de 1980. O trabalho parte de uma revisão bibliográfica que envolve a conjuntura econômica da época, as reverberações do debate na atualidade para entender quais os caminhos teóricos percorridos, e quais as leituras clássicas não poderiam deixar de ser abordadas. Como resultado, foi possível focalizar o debate teórico sem obliterar viradas importantes nos eventos históricos e categorizar, de forma simples, as abordagens da inflação inercial e da financeirização dos preços. A exposição foi feita na intenção de acompanhar o movimento da inflação durante a década referida, uma vez que aceitamos que houve uma mudança nas características da inflação da primeira metade da década, conhecida como inflação inercial, para a segunda metade, onde ocorre o fenômeno da financeirização dos preços.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM METAPARADIGMA PARA A CIÊNCIA ECONÔMICA
Authors: De Carvalho Azevedo Anache Marcelo
Published: September 2024

A partir da ocorrência dos apelos por uma Economia pluralista há mais de quatro décadas e das dificuldades encontradas para sua concretização, dadas às ambiguidades sobre o que exatamente se entende por esse conceito, esse artigo busca, através de um framework demonstrar como um metaparadigma pluralista pode solucionar essa incipiência. Os caminhos para a sua concepção passam pela análise das dimensões paradigmáticas das escolas de pensamento neoclássica, pós-keynesiana e evolucionista. Com base nessa perspectiva se pretende justificar um procedimento descritivo para o termo paradigma, além de elaborar um cabedal do potencial de pensamento pluralista para a pesquisa científica. Em suma, a abordagem através de um metaparadigma pluralista demonstra que é possível substituir as idiossincrasias específicas de um paradigma à la Kuhn por princípios pluralistas.
Development of a scale to measure selection, optimization, compensation (SOC) strategy in late middle-aged women: a methodological study
Authors: Lee Do-Young , Noh Gie Ok
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Selection-optimization-compensation (SOC) models have been proposed and applied to various populations to examine successful aging from a multidimensional perspective. This study aimed to develop a scale to measure SOC strategy among late middle-aged women (aged 50 to 64 years) and to test its validity and reliability.Methods: Preliminary items were developed through a literature review and interviews. Overall, 32 preliminary items were confirmed via two rounds of expert content validity analysis and a pilot survey. Data were collected from 299 late middle-aged women and analyzed using IBM SPSS/PC+ version 27.0. Construct validity, criterion validity, and reliability tests were conducted.Results: The SOC strategy scale, reflecting the characteristics of late middle-aged women and developed through exploratory factor analysis, comprised 19 items across four factors: goal-oriented selection, compensation for loss, outcome optimization, and ability-based optimization. The scale explained 66.9% of the variance in total factors, with a Cronbach’s α of .95. Statistically significant correlations with the reference scale (r=.30, p<.001) were observed.Conclusion: The developed scale demonstrated high validity and reliability, thus representing a viable instrument for measuring SOC strategy among late middle-aged women. Using this scale to assess the use of SOC approaches in these women can improve our understanding of the aging process and help establish supportive programs for their aging journeys.
Cold Sprayed Copper-Diamond Composites for Thermal Management of Semiconductor Packages
Authors: Li Wenhao (Eric) , Eid Feras , Tomita Yoshihiro
Published: September 2024

Thermal management is key to enabling increasingly

powerful chips and heterogeneous integrated 2.5D/3-D systems.

Composite materials with high thermal conductivities that can be

placed at different levels of proximity to the die provide new solutions

for heat dissipation. Here we report the fabrication of thick

copper-diamond composite films using cold spray, which is a

high-throughput, low-thermal-budget deposition technology. In

cold spray, feedstock micro powder is accelerated in a specially

designed nozzle by a heated pressurized gas and adheres to the

substrate upon high-speed impingement. This process achieves

higher deposition rates than other methods used in semiconductor

manufacturing (such as electroplating). It also produces films that

are denser and much less porous than ones produced by conventional

thermal spray techniques. In this work, we first use process

and thermal simulations to determine the requirements of the

micro diamond powder feedstock, including the diamond core

size, metal-clad thickness, core-clad interfacial resistance, and

volume fraction to enable the cold spray of copper-diamond composites

with thermal conductivities that are higher than copper.

Subsequently, we perform a systematic characterization of the

diamond powders from several suppliers, including the purity,

metal oxygen content, particle morphology, and metal-clad adhesion.

This characterization reveals the challenges of meeting all

the specs using currently available diamond powders. Finally, we

cold spray copper-diamond composite films on a variety of substrates

with tunable thicknesses between 100 mm and 2 mm,

achieving a thermal conductivity that is approximately 10%

higher than cold-sprayed pure copper. Further improvement of

the thermal properties relies on continued innovation in powder

surface modification and powder storage/shipping methods.
Coping strategies adopted by caregivers of children with autism in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Sumbane Gsakani O.
Published: September 2024

Background: Emotion- and problem-focused coping strategies are frequently employed by caregivers of autistic children to increase their general well-being and resilience to the stress of raising the child. Although these strategies cannot directly address the situation, it is useful for handling stressful situations that cannot change.Objectives: The study seeks to explore and understand the emotion- and problem-focused strategies that caregivers use to cope with the challenges of raising a child with autism.Method: This was a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research study. Twenty-eight caregivers were purposive-convenient sampled from the public special schools where their autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children are schooling. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data, which were then transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis.Results: Positive emotion-focused strategies include positive reappraisal, reframing and acceptance. Negative emotion-focused strategies include denial, emotional release, cognitive distortion, self-isolation, overprotection, negative self-talk, punishment and religion. Problem-focused coping strategies include active and adaptive coping, peer group, professional support and social support.Conclusion: The coping methods that have been identified can be integrated into intervention programmes and serve as a guide for specialised institutions that offer more extensive knowledge and assistance to families who are caring for children with ASD.Contribution: The study contributes to understanding the emotion- and problem-focused strategies adopted by rural caregivers in managing their emotions, interpretation of the situation and adjusting to the demands of raising an autistic child.
Managerial practices for app-based primary care telemedicine service acceptance in South Africa
Authors: Van Tonder Grethe , Du Preez Ronel , Pentz Christian D.
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study addresses the qualitative research phase of a mixed methods study conducted to investigate patient acceptance of an app-based telemedicine service for primary care aimed at South African public health care sector patients.Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative data were collected by means of semi-structured individual interviews with patients who had exposure to an existing app-based primary care telemedicine service in South Africa named Kena Health. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data using ATLAS.ti software was conducted to identify the relevant antecedents of telemedicine service acceptance in the study’s context.Findings/results: Eight antecedents of app-based primary care telemedicine service acceptance among South African patients (who are predominantly reliant on public health care sector services to receive medical care) were identified, namely, perceived compatibility, perceived ease of use, relative advantage, price value, trust, innovativeness, privacy perception and care perception.Practical implications: To date, prior literature has not yet identified the specific antecedents that would apply to the acceptance of an app-based telemedicine service for primary care among South African individuals who are predominantly reliant on the country’s public health care system to receive medical care.Originality/value: Our study contributes to the literature by identifying which existing factors of technology acceptance apply to primary care telemedicine service acceptance, predominantly in the South African public health care sector context. Furthermore, additional antecedents of telemedicine service acceptance that have not been included in technology acceptance theory until present, that is, (positive) privacy perception and care perception are identified.
Gender Differences in the Relationship between Forearm Length and Height across Different Age Groups: A Correlation and Regression Analysis
Authors: Joshi Aparnamilind , Thorat Shweta Shankarrao
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Forearm length (FrL) and height (Ht) are important anthropometric measurements used in clinical practice and research. This study aimed to investigate the correlation and regression between FrL and Ht in males and females across different age groups.

Materials and Methods:

Participants aged 18 to under 23 years were recruited, and FrL and Ht were measured using standardised techniques. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyse the data.

Results:

The correlation analysis revealed a moderate-to-strong positive correlation between FrL and Ht in males across all age groups, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.318 to 0.866. In females, the correlation was weaker, ranging from 0.123 to 0.561. Regression equations were derived to estimate FrL from Ht, showing that Ht explains a larger proportion of the variability in FrL in males compared to females. These findings suggest that FrL can be used as a predictor of Ht, particularly in males, but caution is advised when applying this relationship to females. These results have implications for growth assessment and nutritional status evaluation in clinical practice, especially in populations, where direct measurement of Ht may be challenging.

Conclusion:

The study provides insights into the relationship between FrL and Ht, with implications for Ht estimation and growth assessment in clinical practice. Further research is needed to validate these findings in larger populations.
Smartphone addiction and its correlation with academic performance in high school adolescents: An observational study
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Gupta Alpa , Jaiswal Ashvita
Published: September 2024

Background:

The widespread use of smartphones, particularly among youth, has raised concerns about smartphone addiction and its adverse effects on physical activity and academic performance. This study conducted in Uttarakhand investigates the frequency of smartphone addiction and its influence on academic performance in high school adolescents, with implications amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic’s increased smartphone reliance on education.

Objectives:

This research aims to (a) assess the prevalence of smartphone addiction, (b) correlate addiction levels with academic performance, and (c) scrutinize the influence of daily smartphone usage on scholastic outcomes.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional observational study involved 331 students aged 12–17 in Dehradun, India. Data collection employed self-administered questionnaires comprising demographic parameters, the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, and self-reported academic results. Statistical analysis utilized nonparametric tests, the Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and Spearman rank correlation. Statistical significance was set at a P < 0.05.

Results:

The mean age of the participants was 14.60 ± 1.2 years and an equitable gender distribution. Most attended Classes 8 and 9, with parents typically well-educated and employed. Notably, most students 224 (67.7%) borrowed smartphones rather than owning them 97 (29.3%). Daily smartphone usage averaged 2.27 ± 1.34 h, with video watching 97 (29.3%), music listening 91 (27.5%), and social media engagement 84 (25.4%) as common activities. Sixty-eight (20.5%) of students showed smartphone addiction, but this addiction did not significantly correlate with academic performance. Nevertheless, a negative correlation was observed between time spent on smartphones and academic marks (r = −0.198, P < 0.000), underscoring the importance of interventions to manage smartphone usage.

Conclusions:

Although many school-going adolescents exhibit some level of smartphone addiction, this study did not find a substantial correlation between smartphone addiction and academic achievement. However, it emphasized the significance of addressing and moderating the time spent on smartphones to optimize academic outcomes.
Metabolic and Hormonal Parameters in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-sectional, Multicenter Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Shefin Sultana Marufa , Sobhan Rezwana , Qureshi Nazmul Kabir
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women globally, characterized by metabolic, hormonal, and reproductive disturbances. This study aims to elucidate the specific metabolic and hormonal intricacies of PCOS within the Bangladeshi demographic, addressing a noticeable dearth of comprehensive investigations in this population.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Endocrine Department of Ibn Sina Medical College Hospital and the National Healthcare Network Uttara Executive Center from January 2022 to March 2023. The study included 237 participants diagnosed with PCOS based on the modified Rotterdam criteria. Data collection encompassed demographic details, clinical parameters, and laboratory investigations recorded systematically through history taking, physical examinations, and laboratory analyses. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Analysis Software Studio Version.

Results:

The study revealed a mean age of 25.1 years among 237 participants, with 70.5% married and 33.5% having children. Hormonal assessments uncovered intriguing patterns, including elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and an increased LH: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio. Weight distribution highlighted a significant association between obesity and fatty liver. Despite an elevation in thyroid-stimulating hormone levels among obese PCOS individuals, FSH, LH, and testosterone levels showed no significant differences between obese and nonobese groups.

Conclusion:

In-depth analysis of metabolic and hormonal parameters in Bangladeshi PCOS patients contributes to the global understanding of PCOS, while offering insights specific to this demographic. The study has implications for tailored therapeutic interventions and refined diagnostic criteria, potentially improving clinical outcomes for individuals affected by PCOS in Bangladesh and beyond.
Bibliometric analysis of the research publications on AYUSH-64 for COVID-19
Authors: Singh Shyam Babu , Sisodia Brijesh Singh , Mansoria Poornima , Ahmad Azeem , Rai Amit Kumar
Published: September 2024

In India, traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda have played a very significant role in the mitigation of COVID-19. AYUSH-64 was one of the main Ayurveda formulations which were used for the management of asymptomatic, mild, and moderate cases of COVID-19. To serve as a resource for future research, we set out to analyze the research articles on AYUSH-64 for COVID-19. In this study, the publications from the year 2019 to 2024, related to AYUSH-64, were searched in the Dimensions database and bibliometrically analyzed with VOSviewer 1.6.19 software. A total of 34 publications were found from 22 journals and 3 preprint platform sources. Chief contribution from 64 authors and 17 organizations was identified, and 17 keywords were used more than 10 times indicating clinical research as the hotspot for AYUSH-64. Overall, this analysis suggests the presence of a limited yet substantial number of good-quality research publications associated with AYUSH-64 for COVID-19. Furthermore, the study highlights the notable level of research collaboration, as evidenced by the strong associations among highly contributing authors.
Balancing paternalism and autonomy in healthcare: Insights from Ayurveda
Authors: Kumar B Praveen , Paudel Pratima , Panja Asit K , Sharma Sanjeev
Published: September 2024

The doctor–patient relationship has undergone a transition throughout the ages. Before the last two decades, the relationship was predominantly between a patient seeking help and a doctor whose decisions were silently complied with by the patient. In this paternalistic model of the doctor–patient relationship, the doctor utilizes his skills to choose the necessary interventions and treatments most likely to restore the patient’s health or ameliorate his pain. Any information given to the patient is selected to encourage them to consent to the doctor’s decisions. This description of the asymmetrical or imbalanced interaction between doctor and patient has been challenged during the past 20 years. Critics have proposed a more active, autonomous and thus patient-centered role for the patient who advocates greater patient control, reduced physician dominance, and more mutual participation. This patient-centered approach has been described as one where “the physician tries to enter the patient’s world, to see the illness through the patient’s eyes” and has become the predominant model in clinical practice today.
When regulation ignores evidence: The case of Denmark’s Ashwagandha ban and the Technical University of Denmark’s misguided risk assessment
Authors: Morandi Antonio
Published: September 2024

The recent ban on Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal) supplements in Denmark, based on a risk assessment by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), exemplifies the challenges in regulating traditional herbal medicines within modern frameworks. This article critically examines the DTU report, highlighting methodological flaws including overreliance on animal studies and selective literature review. The report’s disregard for Ashwagandha's long history of traditional use and mischaracterization of its effects, particularly alleged abortifacient properties, contradicts a growing body of scientific evidence supporting its safety and efficacy. The current research demonstrating Ashwagandha's benefits in stress reduction, sleep improvement, and cognitive function further underscores the disparity between scientific findings and the DTU’s conclusions. The ban’s implications extend beyond Denmark, raising questions about regulatory consistency and proportionality in evaluating herbal products globally. The Indian Ministry of Ayush’s critique emphasizes the need for a more comprehensive, evidence-based approach for assessing traditional medicines. This controversy may catalyze the development of integrated evaluation methods, such as the Collaborative Medicine and Science framework, bridging diverse knowledge systems in regulatory decision-making. The case underscores the necessity for a global health paradigm that harmonizes traditional and modern medical approaches, ensuring public safety while preserving access to beneficial traditional remedies.
Ashwagandha under fire: A critical scientific analysis of regulatory decisions
Authors: Berra Jorge Luis , Chernigoy Silvia , Alvarez Karina , Wernisch Maria Jose
Published: September 2024

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera [L.] Dunal) is one of the most renowned Ayurvedic medicinal plants, extensively used in traditional Indian medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and Sowa Rigpa for millennia. Its medicinal uses of the root are documented in ancient texts such as the Charaka samhita, Sushruta samhita, and various Nighantus. Recognized globally, Ashwagandha is included in numerous pharmacopoeias, including the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (API), British Pharmacopoeia, and United States Pharmacopoeia. Despite its extensive use and documented benefits, Ashwagandha faced scrutiny in Denmark. The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration banned Ashwagandha based on a 2020 report by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). This report has been criticized for its technical, scientific, and ethical flaws, including reliance on unverified sources and omission of significant data from authoritative compendiums such as the API. Notably, the report’s references often included studies that did not adhere to established standards for Ashwagandha extracts. Furthermore, the alleged abortifacient properties cited in the Danish report are not supported by extensive reviews of traditional texts and modern scientific literature, which indicates the safety of Ashwagandha when used appropriately. This article aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the Danish report, emphasizing the necessity of adhering to rigorous scientific standards and accurately representing historical and contemporary data on Ashwagandha.
Multimodal Ayurveda and Yoga intervention in mixed depressive and anxiety disorder: A case report
Authors: Jayakrishnan K. , Kulkarni Medha , Deogade Meena , Alingal Sajeena
Published: September 2024

Mental health disorders represent a significant global health challenge, affecting individuals across age groups, cultures, and socioeconomic backgrounds. This case report illustrates the integration of Ayurveda intervention and cognitive therapy module in the management of Mixed Anxiety Depressive disorder in 40-year-old male police personnel. The patient presented with symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression attributed to his demanding work schedule and law-enforcement responsibilities. Ayurvedic interventions, including Jatamansi and Brahma rasayana, Yoga in the form of Naadi shuddhi pranayama, and personalized diet and lifestyle modifications, were given for three months with three months follow-up to address the patient’s symptoms comprehensively. General health questionnaire 12, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36) scale, Depression, anxiety, and stress scale - 21, World Health Organization quality of life brief version were used to assess the benefit of therapy. Significant improvements were observed in the patient’s sleep quality, stress levels, and overall mental well-being over the course of treatment. This case report highlights the efficacy of the multi-modal approach in promoting mental health and resilience in high-stress occupations, emphasizing the value of holistic healing modalities in addressing complex mental health concerns.