bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sprawozdanie z działalności Ośrodka Archiwów, Bibliotek i Muzeów Kościelnych przy KUL za rok 1966
Authors: Hałasa Marian , Łukasiewicz Elżbieta
Published: April 2020

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Michała Tangla studia dyplomatyczne i źródłoznawcze
Authors: Lenort Feliks
Published: April 2020

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[Recenzja]: Akta synodów różnowierczych w Polsce. Acta synodalia ecclesiarum Poloniae reformatarum. T 1 (1550-1559). Oprac. Maria Sipayłło, Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa 1966, ss. XXXI, 378
Authors: Walachowicz Tadeusz
Published: April 2020

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Zachowane źródła do dziejów Zakonu Ducha Św. de Saxia w Polsce
Authors: Antosiewicz Klara
Published: April 2020

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Genealogia bastardy i przedłużenie jej dziejów w Polsce
Authors: Sczaniecki Paweł
Published: April 2020

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W jaki sposób można ustalić czas powstania oraz miejsce pochodzenia i używania śląskich rękopisów liturgicznych?
Authors: Schenk Wacław
Published: April 2020

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Losy zasobu Archiwum Diecezjalnego w Siedlcach
Authors: Młynarski Zdzisław
Published: April 2020

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Sekcja Wypożyczalni
Authors: Suszyło Irena
Published: April 2020

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Pracownia Fototechniczna
Authors: Wiśliński Jan
Published: April 2020

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Podejmowanie i załatwianie kwerend w archiwach kościelnych
Authors: Librowski Stanisław
Published: April 2020

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Repertorium akt wizytacji kanonicznych dawnej archidiecezji gnieźnieńskiej: część 1: akta przechowywane w Archiwum Diecezjalnym we Włocławku: zeszyt 3: sygnatury 67-89: akta z lat 1775-1792
Authors: Librowski Stanisław
Published: April 2020

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Muzeum Archidiecezjalne we Wrocławiu oraz katalog jego zbiorów: (c.d.)
Authors: Urban Wincenty
Published: April 2020

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Słownik terminologiczny nauk moralnych
Authors: Witek Stanisław
Published: April 2020

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Liturgia wielkoczwartkowa u Bożogrobców
Authors: Piwoński Henryk
Published: April 2020

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Inkunabuły tynieckie w zbiorach Biblioteki Wyższego Seminarium Duchownego w Tarnowie
Authors: Marszalska Jolanta M.
Published: April 2020

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Polskie zbiory archiwalne w Stanach Zjednoczonych
Authors: Nir Roman
Published: April 2020

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Nieznana "Biblia" z biblioteki Zygmunta Augusta
Authors: Karpuk Waldemar
Published: April 2020

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Dyplomy pergaminowe zakonu bożogrobców w zbiorach archiwów państwowych w Polsce
Authors: Skrzyniarz Ryszard
Published: April 2020

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Security Strategic Dimensions of the ‘Fast Track’ Land Reform Programme in Zimbabwe: A Socio-Political Discourse
Authors: Chinyanganya Max John , Chikowore Godfrey
Published: April 2020

The article argues that the Fast Track Land Reform Programme should be viewed from a security and strategic perspective motivated by its historiographical heritage regarded as worthy of preservation. It has always been a sensitive issue so compelling that successive colonial administrations, setter regimes and governments were determined to utilize all their instruments of power to exert authority for its preservation and control. The Fast Track Land Reform Programme, like its predecessors was a clear expression of the close relationship between foreign, domestic and military policy in pursuit of national goals and values. The subtext of the article is the assertion of the principle of self-determination over the right of ownership of land on a people as expressed by the United Nations norms and values. The aim of the article is to interrogate the security and strategic dimension of the Fast Track Land Reform Programme. The article argues that the involvement of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces in the Fast Track Land Reform Programme must be understood and analysed from the long held Clauzewitzian philosophy of the crucial inter-relationship between; foreign, domestic, and military policy (Dimitriu, 2018). Four main areas are discussed: the historical land brutal military conquests through the foreign policy pronouncements at the 1884/5 Berlin conference; the United Nations Resolution on the colonised people and how the Lancaster House torpedoed the principle in 1979; the constitutional provisions and prescriptions on the repossession of land; the historical role of Armed Forces in supporting civilian authorities in the implementation of domestic and foreign policy objectives deemed to be of security and strategic nature by successive colonial and settler regimes in Zimbabwe. The major findings of the study provide the modern classical background theoretic, necessary principles that explain the legitimacy and rationale for the professional military involvement in politics of the day. The study concludes that the issue of land on a State or Nation is an emotive matter, which can easily be a source of conflict, if not addressed from a security and strategic perspective.
水产养殖环境的污染现状及其控制对策
Authors: 杨 春雷
Published: April 2020

伴随国民生活水平的不断提高,水产养殖业也随之迅猛发展。在水产养殖过程中,若养殖控制的不及时,不合理,不仅会降低水产品产量与质量等级,还会造成严重的生态环境污染。由此,加强水产养殖环节的生态环境污染防控成为业内人士致力探究的新课题。对此,本文论述了水产养殖的基本概念,以及水产养殖的环境污染类型,并且提出了切实可行的污染防控策略,旨在推到水产养殖业的良好发展。
水稻纹枯病防治技术要点
Authors: 吕 秋磊
Published: April 2020

病虫害对农业生产的危害非常大,很多农作物都存在被病虫害侵袭的现象,水稻也是其中之一。在众多病虫害中,纹枯病是水稻生产过程中发生率极高的一种。过去人们将侧重点放在如何选择高产且优质的品种上,对纹枯病的防治不够重视,导致出现水稻纹枯病病害加重趋势。
Developmental stages of Lampides boeticus (Lepidoptera : Lycaenidae) and their association with the host plant Lupinus nanus (Fabaceae)
Authors: Miah Md Kowser , Akand Sajeda , Parven Nousheen , Bashar MA
Published: April 2020

Developmental stages in the life cycle of lycaenid butterfly, Lampides boeticus (Lepidoptera : Lycaenidae) and their association with the host plant (Lupinus nanus) (Fabaceae) were examined both in the laboratory under 29 ± 3ºC temperature with RH 78 ± 2% and field conditions. The oviposition behaviour, incubation and larval‐pupal period of the butterfly and its association with L. nanus were studied. The host plant association and duration of developmental stages were given importance. Duration of life cycle (egg to adult) was 19 ‐ 21 days. Eggs, four larval instars and pupal stages were distinct. Lampides boeticus was found deeply associated with L. nanus to complete its life cycle. This association with host plant was characterized and evidenced by the use of host leaves, flowers, buds and seeds ( pods) both in the larval (11 ‐ 13 days) and pupal (4 ‐ 6 days) stages. The incubation period, different larval instars and pupal stage were found to be associated deeply with the phenological phases of the host plant.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 24(1): 43-52, 2015 (January)
Growth and yield responses of BARI Gom-25 in relation to sowing time
Authors: Jahan Nargis , Adam AMM Golam
Published: April 2020

Abstract not available

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 24(1): 99-102, 2015 (January)
Identification of Megaselia scalaris (Diptera : Phoridae) based on morphology and mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COI gene sequences
Authors: Alam Mohammad Shamimul , Ahmed Khandaker Asif , Begum Rowshan Ara , Shahjahan Reza M
Published: April 2020

Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae), commonly known as scuttle fly, is widely distributed all over the world. It is easily cultured in the laboratory condition making it a potential model organism. Besides, it has forensic importance. However, no report from Bangladesh could be retrieved about this fly. So, in the present study, identification of this species was attempted using both morphological and molecular approaches. Characteristics of male hypopygium and legs played key roles in morphological identification. To strengthen identification, mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA gene fragments were amplified and sequenced. Blast search at NCBI provided highest hits to available COI and 16S rRNA sequences of M. scalaris. A neighbor joining phylogenetic tree was built using sequences of respective COI gene region to show its relationship among other closely related dipteran flies.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 25(2): 149-159, 2016 (July)
Incidence of diseases in germplasms Corchorus olitorius L. and control of fungal pathogens
Authors: Nasim ASM , Hosen S , Bashar MA
Published: April 2020

Screening of 40 germplasms and two released varieties of Corchorus olitorius L. was made to determine the source of resistance in jute germplasm against various diseases under condition of natural infection in the field. The germplasm lines were classified on the basis of their per cent disease incidence according to the scale of Mayee and Datar with some modification. There were 12 germplasm lines of Acc. Numbers 1045, 1050, 1060, 1062, 1065, 1143, 1261, 1338, 3711, 3724, 4178, 5009 and variety O‐72, found resistant to jute diseases which can be utilized for developing disease resistant variety. The effects of Bavistin DF, Capvit 50 WP, Dithane M‐45, Hayvit 80 WP, Ridomil Gold MZ 68 WG and Tilt 250 EC were evaluated against Botryodiplodia theobromae, Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp. 1, Fusarium sp. 2, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii at different concentrations following poisoned food technique. Out of six fungicides, Bavistin, Dithane and Tilt completely inhibited the growth of test pathogens except Sclerotium rolfsii at 500 ppm. Bavistin, Dithane and Tilt also showed promising results against the selected test pathogens at 100, 200 and 400 ppm. The findings of this investigation will be helpful for the plant breeders to select varieties for breeding purposes as well as to control jute pathogens.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 26(2): 189-198, 2017 (July)
The role of internet addiction and mastery motivation on academic achievement among school‐aged children
Authors: Ferdowshi Nafiza , Shithee Ummee Habiba
Published: April 2020

The purposes of the present study were to investigate association of internet addiction and mastery motivation with academic achievement of school-aged children and to investigate whether there is any significant difference of internet addiction and mastery motivation according to grade of school-aged children. Three hundred participants were selected from different grade levels (VIII, IX, X). The collected data were analyzed by using Pearson product moment correlation and one-way ANOVA. Results showed that mastery motivation was positively correlated with academic results that was significant. On the other hand, negative relationship between the academic results of children with internet addiction which was not significant. The findings also revealed that both internet addiction and mastery motivation had significant difference with different grade levels of children. Study limitations and further implications were also discussed.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(1): 49-56, 2018 (January)
Fungi associated with anthracnose of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruits and their pathogenic potentiality
Authors: Islam Farhana , Shamsi Shamim , Bashar Md Abul
Published: April 2020

A total of ten fungal species were isolated from the anthracnose symptoms of three varieties of Mangifera indica L. viz., Himsagar, Langra and Amrapali. The isolated fungi were Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger van Tiegh., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc., Fusarium semitectum Berk. & Rav., Papulaspora sp. Preuss., Penicillium sp. Link., Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Stey. and Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vull. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed the highest per cent (26.82) frequency in Himsagar whereas R. stolonifer showed the lowest (2.22). Pestalotiopsis guepinii showed the highest per cent (46.83) frequency in Langra whereas R. stolonifer showed the lowest (1.17). Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed the highest per cent (38.67) frequency in Amrapali whereas Papulaspora sp. showed the lowest (4.00). Among the isolated fungi C. gloeosporioides, F. semitectum and P. guepinii were found to be pathogenic to three mango varieties. Association of Fusarium semitectum, Papulaspora sp. and Pestalotiopsis guepinii with mango is new record in Bangladesh.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(1): 93-100, 2018 (January)
Effects of different levels of soil moisture and indigenous organic amendments on the yield of boro rice grown under field condition
Authors: Islam Md Shiful , Khan Md Harunor Rashid , Hossain Mohammed Sadid
Published: April 2020

A field study was conducted to determine the potentials of moist (70% soil moisture) and saturated (> 100% soil moisture) soil conditions and organic amendments of rice straw compost (RSC), mustard meal (MM) and trichocompost (TC) on the selected rice varieties of BR 3, local BRRI dhan 29 and BRRI dhan 74 in relation to the growth and yield attributes of rice varieties. The rates of amendments were 0, 4, 8 t/ha for RSC; 0, 3, 6 t/ha for MM and 0, 2.5, 5 t/ha for TC. The maximum grain yield of 8.71 t/ha was attained from the RSC4ML100 and 8.58 t/ha from RSC4ML70 treatments. The moist condition of soil had almost similar effects on the number of productive tillers, grain yield, number of filled and fissured grains, 1000-grain weight and harvest index as compared to saturated condition along with the doses of RSC, MM and TC. The RSC (4 t/ha) was the superior treatment with respect to the growth and yield components of rice followed by the treatments of TC (2.5 t/ha) and MM (3 t/ha), irrespective of rice varieties and moisture levels.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(1): 87-96, 2020 (January)
Risk factors for peripheral neuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Akter Taslima , Akhter Qazi Shamima , Polly Zinat Ara , Debsarma Smita
Published: April 2020

Background and Objectives: Peripheral neuropathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Several risk factors may accelerate the development of peripheral neuropathy in DM. The objective of the current study was to determine the risk factors for development of peripheral neuropathy in patients with DM.

Methods: The study was conducted from July 2014 to June 2015 in a large hospital of Dhaka city. A total of 150 diabetic patients of both sexes with and without peripheral neuropathy were enrolled. The investigations included interviewing on clinical history, anthropometry (height, weight, waist- and hip-circumference), blood pressure measurement, estimation of HbA1c, fasting blood glucose and lipids.

Results: Duration of diabetes for more than 5 years was significantly (χ2=124.39, p <0.001) associated with peripheral neuropathy. Sequential logistic regression analysis revealed high BMI (> 25 Kg/m2; OR=8.8, p <0.001), HbA1c (>6.5%; OR=5.25, p<0.05) and higher total cholesterol level (> 200 mg/dl; OR=4.74, p <0.05) as the significant risk factors for peripheral neuropathy.

Conclusion: Obesity, hyperglycemia and high total cholesterol were possible risk factors for development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Proper glycemic control and prevention of obesity and dyslipidemia could be helpful to avert progression to peripheral neuropathy in diabetic population.

Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2019; 13(2): 40-44
Radiographic evaluation of the quality of root canal treatment in a Bangladeshi population
Authors: Nazneen Rafia , Karmaker Rajesh , Begum Gulnar , Amin Nurul
Published: April 2020

Background and objective: Root canal treatment (RCT) has a high rate of success, when performed by properly trained dental surgeons. However, the failure rate is inappreciably high when the same procedure is done by less experienced dental graduates having no specialization on endodontics. This study was conducted to evaluate the technical quality of RCT performed by practicing dental graduates on Bangladeshi patient.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Dentistry of BIRDEM General Hospital Dhaka over a period of 6 months from January to June 2019. Radiographs of patients who had undergone RCT in last 6 months were included in the study. Parameters used to evaluate the obturation of the root canal were presence of root-filled, posts and voids. The RCT was assessed for filling at the end of the root with radiographic apex, the density of the filling material and taper from the orifice to apex. The quality of RCT was evaluated as totally unacceptable (score: 0-2), poorly acceptable (score: 3-4), acceptable (score: 5) and perfect (score: 6) based on the treatment score. Post-treatment complications were determined by furcation and cavity wall perforation, transportation, root perforation, instrument breakage, ledge formation, voids and missed canal.

Result: A total of 180 postoperative readable radiographs with post root-canal treatment were evaluated. Evaluation of the technical quality of RCT revealed that 56% of the RCTs were of standard quality (41.7% were of perfect quality and 14.4% were of acceptable quality). The rest 23.3% were poorly acceptable and 20.6% were totally unacceptable. Majority (92.8%) of the obturation of the root canal revealed that roots were filled with sealing materials; however, 8.9% exhibited posts and 36.7% demonstrated voids. A sizable portion of the root canal obturation was unacceptable in terms of its length (12.2%), density (20%) and tapering (16.7%). Total 132 (73.3%) teeth developed at least one complication. Under filling and voids were predominant complications (42.8% and 41.1% respectively) followed by root perforation (12.2%), transportation (11.7%), ledge formation (5%), instrument breakage (2.8%) and missed canal (3.3%).

Conclusion: The study concluded that over forty percent of the RCTs performed by dental graduates having no specialization on endodontics are of substandard quality and hence not acceptable.

Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2019; 13(2): 59-64
Biochemical Composition of Some Selected Aquatic Macrophytes Under Ex-Situ Conditions
Authors: Hazra Harich And , Alfasane Md Al Mujaddade , Kauser Sharmin , Shahjadee Umme Fatema , Khondker Moniruzzaman
Published: April 2020

Ex-situ culture studies of five selected aquatic macrophytes, namely Nymphaea nouchali Burm. f., Enhydra fluctuans Lour., Ipomoea aquatica Forsk., Hygroryza aristata (Retz.) Nees ex Wight & Arn. and Limnocharis flava (L.) Buch. were carried out. Comparing the biochemical composition of the above mentioned five aquatic macrophytes, on an average, Enhydra fluctuans was found to contain highest amounts of proteins (18.20%) and Ipomoea aquatica contains highest amounts of carbohydrate (58.60%). Lowest amounts of proteins (14.35%) were recorded in Hygroryza aristata and Limnocharis flava. On the other hand lowest amounts of carbohydrates were obtained in Nymphaea nouchali. Ipomoea aquatica contained highest amounts of energy (321.23 kcal) and lowest amount was observed in Limnocharis flava. The five aquatic plants were low in fiber, fat and also in ash. Among all the five aquatic macrophytes, highest values of calcium and phosphorus were found to be present in Limnocharis flava and iron was highest in Nymphaea nouchali. Lowest values of calcium and phosphorus were present in Ipomoea aquatica and lowest amount of iron was present in Limnochris flava. The present study demonstrated that, these five aquatic macrophytes are the important sources of carbohydrate, protein and minerals, which are suitable for incorporation in human diet and feed also.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(1): 53-60, June 2018
Delineating the Service Area of Cyclone Shelter and Vulnerable Households Using Network Analyst Tool: a Case Study on Southkhali Union of Bagerhat District, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Khandaker Tanvir , Rahman Md Hafizur
Published: April 2020

In Southkhali Union of Bagerhat district in Bangladesh about 47% of the total population is living beyond the service area of cyclone shelters (CS) not only for the carrying capacity of CS but also for the accessibility. Location-allocation tool of Network Analyst tool in ArcGIS determined the service area of each CS in the study area based on its shelter capacity and accessibility. People residing outside the service area of cyclone shelter are highly vulnerable due to low elevation of land and poor housing structure. The location-allocation tool of Network Analyst provided the proper evacuation plan that would identify the shelter location for each household or cluster of population and the evacuation route also. It would also help to find the proper location to build new shelters for unserved community.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(2): 137-148, December 2018
COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 10: Reporting week ending 23:59 AEST 5 April 2020
Authors:   COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
Published: April 2020

Confirmed cases in Australia notified up to 5 April 2020: Notifications = 5,805; Deaths = 33.
Notifications in Australia remain predominantly among people with recent overseas travel, with some locally-acquired cases being detected. Most locally-acquired cases are able to be linked back to a confirmed case, with a small portion unable to be epidemiologically link. The distribution of overseas-acquired cases to locally acquired cases varies by jurisdiction.
Early indications are that reduction in international travel, domestic movement, social distancing measures and public health action are slowing the spread of the disease.
Internationally, cases continue to increase, with high rates of increase observed in the European region and the United States of America. The epidemiology differs from country to country depending not only on the disease, but also on differences in case detection, testing and implemented public health measures.
Remolding Turkey-EU Relations: The ‘Swiss Model’ of Differentiated Integration as an Alternative to the Customs Union?
Authors: ALTAY Serdar
Published: April 2020

Alternative
models of differentiated integration with the European Union (EU) discussed in
the context of Brexit might be inspiring for European and Turkish stakeholders
who are concerned with overcoming the deepest crisis in bilateral relations of
recent history. The forthcoming customs union modernization negotiations are likely to
create an opportunity to bring Turkey-EU
relations to a stronger mode of external differentiated integration as in cases
of Norway or Switzerland and fix problems aroused by the current structure of
the customs union. This paper examines Switzerland’s case as an alternative model of
integration between Turkey and the EU which can be considered during the
upgrade process. The paper compares and contrasts the Swiss model with the
existing customs union and the European Commission’s (EC) two upgrade scenarios
for the customs union which were proposed in December 2016. It lays out
potential advantages and disadvantages of a Swiss model for Turkish-EU
relations in the coming future and argues that Switzerland’s “free trade
agreement plus” model provides a better alternative than the current form of the
customs union and the EC’s scenarios.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF FINE MOTOR AND VISUAL MOTOR SKILLS OF CHILDREN 4-5 YEARS OLD TO GET READY WRITE
Authors: Alawiyah Neneng , Attamim Naila
Published: April 2020

The objective of this research is to describe: (1) the process developmentÂ  of fine motor and visual motor skills of children 4-5 years old, (2) the learning media appliedÂ Â  development ofÂ  fine motor and visual motor skills, (3) the learning method applied development ofÂ  fine motor and visual motor skills of children 4-5 years old, (4) the learning evaluative applied development of fine motor and visual motor skills of children 4-5 years old to get ready write. The research is implemented at TK A â€œPlusâ€ Insan Sejati, Cibinong West Java. This study is naturalistic qualitative deskriptive. The process of the research follows the Spradleyâ€™s advance stages which consists of collecting data by applying observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis consists of domain analysis, taxonomi analysis, component analysis, and theme analysis. The result of the study show that: (1) the learning activities on the development fine motor and visual motor skills to get ready write are carried out by defference activities applied in each learning process, (2) learning strategy applied by the theacher are: defferent method, media and evaluation.Keywords: Early childhood, Development motor skills, Visual motor skills.Â ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) memahami proses perkembangan keterampilan motorik halus dan visual motorik usia 4-5 tahun, (2) menemukan media yang digunakan dalam pengembangan keterampilan motoirk halus dan visual motorik dalam menyiapkan menulis, (3) mengetahui aplikasi metode yang digunakan dalam upaya pengembangan keterampilan motorik halus dan visual motorik usia 4-5 tahun, dan (4) penggunaan evaluasi dalam mengembangkan keterampilan motorik halus dan visual motorik usia 4-5 atahun dalam menyiiapkan menulis. Penelitian ini di laksanakan di TK A â€Plusâ€ Insan Sejati Cibinong dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif naturalistik. Proses penelitian ini mengikuti alur maju bertahap dari Spradley, proses pengumpulan data meliputi: analisis domain, analisis taksonomi, analisis komponen, dan analisis tema. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pembelajaran dalam pengembangan keterampilan motorik halus dan visual motorik dalam menyiapkan menulis dilakukan melalui kegiatan-kegiatan yang beragam yang dilakukan pada setiap proses pembelajaran, (2) strategi pembelajaran yang digunakan meliputi: metode yang bervariasi, media yang disesuaikan dengan jenis kegiatan, dan evaluasi yang dilakukan pada setiap akhir kegiatan
MANAJEMEN OPERASIONAL DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN METODE SENTRA
Authors: Rosita Rosita , Nelvita Rica , Mawaddah Nurul Hikmah
Published: April 2020

This qualitative research was conducted with a background enriching discourse and analyzing operational management in TK / RA Sentra, namely RA Daaruttuqo. In addition, researchers want to describe the theories and facts of operational management of education in the RA / TK Daaruttuqo School which almost fulfill the management function, but with a note that is an improvement in organizing due to an unprofessional and proportional position in the realm of teaching and educational staff (administration), but in The application of RA Daaruttuqo's child development theory has fulfilled the criteria for organizing, planning and managing the curriculum in the Early Childhood learning model very well namely the Sentra method. Because the age of kindergarten should be a time of imagination so that they can present their world with words, pictures and works through their world that is playing. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach using Spradley analysis.Keywords: Education, Operational management, Early childhood, Qualitative, Sentra.Â ABSTRAKPenelitian kualitatif ini dilakukan dengan latar belakang memperkaya wacana dan menganalisa manajemen operasional di TK/RA Sentra, yaitu RA Daaruttuqo. Selain ituÂ  peneliti ingin mendeskripsikan teori dan fakta manajemen operasional pendidikan di Sekolah RA/TK Daaruttuqo yang hampir memenuhi fungsi manajemen namun dengan catatan yaitu perbaikan dalam hal pengorganisasian dikarenakan ada posisi yang tidak professional dan proporsional dalam ranah tenaga pendidik dan kependidikan (administrasi), namun dalam aplikasi teori perkembangan anak RA Daaruttuqo telah memenuhi kriteria pengorganisasian, perencanaan dan pengelolaan kurikulum pada model pembelajaran Anak usia Dini dengan sangat baik yaitu metode sentra. Karena sepatutnya usia Taman Kanak Kanak adalah masa untuk berimajinasi sehingga mereka dapat mempresentasikan dunia mereka dengan kata-kata, gambar-gambar dan karya melalui dunia mereka yaitu bermain. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskrptif dengan menggunakan analisis Spradley.
Temporary Relocation during Rest Periods: Relocation Stress and Other Factors Influence Hair Cortisol Concentrations in Horses
Authors: Gardela Jaume , Carbajal Annaïs , Tallo-Parra Oriol , Olvera-Maneu Sergi , Álvarez-Rodríguez Manuel , Jose-Cunilleras Eduard , López-Béjar Manel
Published: April 2020

Horse transportation for temporary relocation during rest periods is a common and widespread practice among horse owners, either from sport competition or working tasks. This study aimed to determine the effect of a relocation period and the multiple factors associated with a rest period on hair cortisol concentrations (HCCs) in horses. Additionally, this study reports the seasonal effect on HCCs and hair growth over a year. Thirteen police horses, Pure Spanish stallions of various ages (5–13 y), were selected to participate in this study. Hair sample collection was carried out approximately every 30 d for seven months (Study 1) and a year (Study 2). Cortisol determinations were performed by enzyme immunoassay. Interestingly, Study 1 revealed that relocated horses (n = 4) exhibited elevated HCCs compared with control horses (n = 4) after the relocation period (p < 0.05). Study 2 (n = 5) showed higher HCCs during summer compared with autumn and winter, and higher hair growth rates in winter compared with the other seasons (p < 0.05). Relocated horses had higher HCCs, suggesting a change in their welfare status, probably related to the sudden change in their surrounding conditions. However, these results should be interpreted cautiously due to the low sample size used. The nature of the relationship between HCCs and horse welfare needs to be further examined.
Ecological Niche Models of Four Hard Tick Genera (Ixodidae) in Mexico
Authors: Clarke-Crespo Emilio , Moreno-Arzate Claudia N. , López-González Carlos A.
Published: April 2020

Ticks are vectors of a large number of pathogens of medical and veterinary importance, and in recent years, they have participated in the rise of multiple infectious outbreaks around the world. Studies have proposed that temperature and precipitation are the main variables that limit the geographical distribution of ticks. The analysis of environmental constraints with ecological niche modeling (ENM) techniques can improve our ability to identify suitable areas for emergence events. Algorithms used in this study showed different distributional patterns for each tick genera; the environmental suitability for Amblyomma includes warm and humid localities below 1000 m above the sea level, while Ixodes is mainly associated with ecosystems with high vegetation cover. Dermacentor and Rhipicephalus genus presented wider distribution patterns; the first includes species that are well adapted to resist desiccation, whereas the latter includes generalist species that are mostly associated with domestic hosts in Mexico. Ecological niche models have proven to be useful in estimating the geographic distribution of many taxa of ticks. Despite our limited knowledge of tick’s diversity, ENM can improve our understanding of the dynamics of vector-borne diseases and can assist public health decision-making processes.
Oxidative Potential Sensitivity to Metals, Br, P, S, and Se in PM10 Samples: New Insights from a Monitoring Campaign in Southeastern Italy
Authors: Romano Salvatore , Becagli Silvia , Lucarelli Franco , Russo Mara , Pietrogrande Maria Chiara
Published: April 2020

Different analytical techniques were used in this work to investigate the relationships between oxidative potential (OP) and metal, Br, P, S, and Se concentration in PM10 samples. Dithiothreitol and ascorbic acid acellular assays were used to determine the oxidative potential (OP) in PM10 samples. The particle-induced X-ray emission technique was used to estimate the mass concentration of specific chemical elements. PM10 samples were collected in Lecce, a coastal site of the Central Mediterranean away from large sources of local pollution. Both winter and spring samples were analyzed to study the seasonal dependence of the relationships between OP values and chemical element concentrations. The Redundancy Discriminant Analysis (RDA) was applied to (volume- and mass-normalized) OP values as response variables and metal, Br, P, S, and Se concentrations as explanatory variables. RDA triplots allowed to visualize the main relationships between PM10 OP values and corresponding chemical element concentrations. Spearman correlation coefficients were also used to investigate the relationships between OP values and metal, Br, P, S, and Se concentrations, besides comparing RDA outcomes. The integrated approach based on two different techniques allowed to better highlight the potentially harmful effects associated with specific metals and other chemical elements in PM10 samples.
Changes in Serotonin Modulation of Glutamate Currents in Pyramidal Offspring Cells of Rats Treated With 5-MT during Gestation
Authors: Hernández-Carballo Gustavo , Ruíz-Luna Evelyn A. , López-López Gustavo , Manjarrez Elias , Flores-Hernández Jorge
Published: April 2020

Changes in stimuli and feeding in pregnant mothers alter the behavior of offspring. Since behavior is mediated by brain activity, it is expected that postnatal changes occur at the level of currents, receptors or soma and dendrites structure and modulation. In this work, we explore at the mechanism level the effects on Sprague–Dawley rat offspring following the administration of serotonin (5-HT) agonist 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MT). We analyzed whether 5-HT affects the glutamate-activated (IGlut) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-activated currents (IGlut, INMDA) in dissociated pyramidal neurons from the prefrontal cortex (PFC). For this purpose, we performed voltage-clamp experiments on pyramidal neurons from layers V-VI of the PFC of 40-day-old offspring born from 5-MT-treated mothers at the gestational days (GD) 11 to 21. We found that the pyramidal-neurons from the PFC of offspring of mothers treated with 5-MT exhibit a significant increased reduction in both the IGlut and INMDA when 5-HT was administered. Our results suggest that the concentration increase of a neuromodulator during the gestation induces changes in its modulatory action over the offspring ionic currents during the adulthood thus contributing to possible psychiatric disorders.
Proliferation, Adult Neuronal Stem Cells and Cells Migration in Pallium during Constitutive Neurogenesis and after Traumatic Injury of Telencephalon of Juvenile Masu Salmon, Oncorhynchus masou
Authors: Pushchina Evgeniya V. , Zharikova Eva I. , Varaksin Anatoly A. , Prudnikov Igor M. , Tsyvkin Vladimir N.
Published: April 2020

A study of the lateral pallium in zebrafish and the visual tectum of the medaka revealed a population of adult neuroepithelial (NE) cells supported from the early stage of development to various postembryonic stages of ontogenesis. These data emphasize the importance of non-radial glial stem cells in the neurogenesis of adult animals, in particular fish. However, the distribution, cell cycle features, and molecular markers of NE cells and glial progenitors in fish are still poorly understood at the postembryonic stages of ontogenesis. Fetalization predominates in the ontogenetic development of salmon fish, which is associated with a delay in development and preservation of the features of the embryonic structure of the brain during the first year of life. In the present work, we studied the features of proliferation and the migration of neuronal precursors in the pallial proliferative zone of juvenile Oncorhynchus masou. The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of the distribution of glial-type aNSCs markers, such as vimentin and glial fibrillar acid protein GFAP, as well as the proliferation marker BrdU and migratory neuronal precursor doublecortin, in the pallial zone of the intact telencephalon in juvenile O. masou normal and after mechanical injury. The immunohistochemical IHC labeling with antibodies to vimentin, GFAP and doublecortin in the pallium of intact fish revealed single, small, round and oval immunopositive cells, that correspond to a persistent pool of neuronal and/or glial progenitors. After the injury, heterogeneous cell clusters, radial glia processes, single and small intensely labeled GFAP+ cells in the parenchyma of Dd and lateral part of pallium (Dl) appeared, corresponding to reactive neurogenic niches containing glial aNSCs. A multifold increase in the pool of Vim+ neuronal precursor cells (NPCs) resulting from the injury was observed. Vim+ cells of the neuroepithelial type in Dd and Dm and cells of the glial type were identified in Dl after the injury. Doublecortine (Dc) immunolabeling after the injury revealed the radial migration of neuroblasts into Dm from the neurogenic zone of the pallium. The appearance of intensely labeled Dc+ cells in the brain parenchyma might indicate the activation of resident aNSCs as a consequence of the traumatic process.
Genetic Deficiency of the Histamine H4-Receptor Reduces Experimental Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Mice
Authors: Schirmer Bastian , Rother Tamina , Bruesch Inga , Bleich Andre , Werlein Christopher , Jonigk Danny , Seifert Roland , Neumann Detlef
Published: April 2020

Colorectal cancer (CRC), a severe complication of inflammatory bowel diseases, is a common type of cancer and accounts for high mortality. CRC can be modeled in mice by application of the tumor promoter, azoxymethane (AOM), in combination with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), which are able to induce colitis-like manifestations. Active colitis correlates with high mucosal concentrations of histamine, which, together with the histamine receptor subtype 4 (H4R), provide a pro-inflammatory function in a mouse colitis model. Here, we analyzed whether H4R is involved in the pathogenesis of AOM/DSS-induced CRC in mice. As compared to wild type (WT) mice, AOM/DSS-treated mice lacking H4R expression (TM) demonstrate ameliorated signs of CRC, i.e., significantly reduced loss of body weight, stiffer stool consistency, and less severe perianal bleeding. Importantly, numbers and diameters of tumors and the degree of colonic inflammation are dramatically reduced in TM mice as compared to WT mice. This is concomitant with a reduced colonic inflammatory response involving expression of cyclooxygenase 2 and the production of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) and CXCL2. We conclude that H4R is involved in the tumorigenesis of chemically-induced CRC in mice via cyclooxygenase 2 expression and, probably, CXCL1 and CXCL2 as effector molecules.
Artesunate Affects T Antigen Expression and Survival of Virus-Positive Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Sarma Bhavishya , Willmes Christoph , Angerer Laura , Adam Christian , Becker Jürgen C. , Kervarrec Thibault , Schrama David , Houben Roland
Published: April 2020

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and highly aggressive skin cancer with frequent viral etiology. Indeed, in about 80% of cases, there is an association with Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV); the expression of viral T antigens is crucial for growth of virus-positive tumor cells. Since artesunate—a drug used to treat malaria—has been reported to possess additional anti-tumor as well as anti-viral activity, we sought to evaluate pre-clinically the effect of artesunate on MCC. We found that artesunate repressed growth and survival of MCPyV-positive MCC cells in vitro. This effect was accompanied by reduced large T antigen (LT) expression. Notably, however, it was even more efficient than shRNA-mediated downregulation of LT expression. Interestingly, in one MCC cell line (WaGa), T antigen knockdown rendered cells less sensitive to artesunate, while for two other MCC cell lines, we could not substantiate such a relation. Mechanistically, artesunate predominantly induces ferroptosis in MCPyV-positive MCC cells since known ferroptosis-inhibitors like DFO, BAF-A1, Fer-1 and β-mercaptoethanol reduced artesunate-induced death. Finally, application of artesunate in xenotransplanted mice demonstrated that growth of established MCC tumors can be significantly suppressed in vivo. In conclusion, our results revealed a highly anti-proliferative effect of the approved and generally well-tolerated anti-malaria compound artesunate on MCPyV-positive MCC cells, suggesting its potential usage for MCC therapy.
The Glasgow Prognostic Score at Diagnosis Is a Predictor of Clinical Outcome in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Undergoing Autologous Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Witte Hanno M. , Bonorden Bastian , Riecke Armin , Biersack Harald , Steinestel Konrad , Merz Hartmut , Feller Alfred C. , Bernard Veronica , Fetscher Sebastian , von Bubnoff Nikolas , Gebauer Niklas
Published: April 2020

Background: Immunity and inflammatory response affect the tumour microenvironment and the progression of malignancies. Metabolic and inflammatory parameters and ratios of the peripheral blood correlate with outcome in cancer patients. There exist several established and validated inflammation-based scores of prognostic significances including the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS). Methods: In this retrospective, multicentre study, we investigated the prognostic capabilities of baseline GPS in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation as a complementary resource for risk stratification. For GPS calculation, a C-reactive-protein (CRP) value of >10 mg/dL counts as one point and an albumin value of <35 g/L connotes another point, resulting in three different subgroups (group I: 0 points; group II: 1 point; and group III: 2 points). Patients with MM admitted to the participating institutions between January 2010 and July 2018 were screened, and established prognostic scores and ratios were assessed. Characteristics significantly associated with overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS), upon univariate analysis, were included in a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Following initial assessment, we identified 224 fully evaluable patients who underwent autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. A centralised review of pathology and cytogenetic reports was conducted, and a central hematopathology assessment was performed in 175 of 224 cases (78.1%). Proceeding to high-dose chemotherapy and subsequent autologous stem cell transplantation was the main inclusion criterion for all transplant-eligible patients in the study. The median age at diagnosis was 59 years (range: 35–76 years) with a median follow-up of 76 months. Multivariate analysis revealed neutrophil–platelet score (NPS) (HR = 0.528, 95% CI = 0.284–0.984) and B symptoms at primary diagnosis (HR = 1.838, 95% CI = 1.232–2.740) to be independent predictors of PFS while high-risk cytogenetic changes (HR = 2.358, 95% CI = 1.413–3.934, p = 0.001) could be identified as an independent predictor of OS, and GPS to be the only independent predictor of both OS and PFS (OS: HR = 2.127, 95% CI = 1.431–3.162, p < 0.0001 and PFS: HR = 1.405; 95% CI = 1.058–1.867, p = 0.019). Conclusions: Our data show that baseline GPS correlates with rates of relapse and refractory disease in MM patients undergoing autologous transplantation. In a multivariate analysis, these effects were proven to hold prognostic capabilities beyond and independent from established prognosticators. These results require further validation in a prospective setting.
The Roles of ROS Generation in RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis: Suppressive Effects of Febuxostat
Authors: Ashtar Mohannad , Tenshin Hirofumi , Teramachi Jumpei , Bat-Erdene Ariunzaya , Hiasa Masahiro , Oda Asuka , Tanimoto Kotaro , Shimizu So , Higa Yoshiki , Harada Takeshi , Oura Masahiro , Sogabe Kimiko , Nakamura Shingen , Fujii Shiro , Sumitani Ryohei , Miki Hirokazu , Udaka Kengo , Takahashi Mamiko , Kagawa Kumiko , Endo Itsuro , Tanaka Eiji , Matsumoto Toshio , Abe Masahiro
Published: April 2020

Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), a critical mediator of osteoclastogenesis, is upregulated in multiple myeloma (MM). The xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat, clinically used for prevention of tumor lysis syndrome, has been demonstrated to effectively inhibit not only the generation of uric acid but also the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS has been demonstrated to mediate RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis. In the present study, we therefore explored the role of cancer-treatment-induced ROS in RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and the suppressive effects of febuxostat on ROS generation and osteoclastogenesis. RANKL dose-dependently induced ROS production in RAW264.7 preosteoclastic cells; however, febuxostat inhibited the RANKL-induced ROS production and osteoclast (OC) formation. Interestingly, doxorubicin (Dox) further enhanced RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through upregulation of ROS production, which was mostly abolished by addition of febuxostat. Febuxostat also inhibited osteoclastogenesis enhanced in cocultures of bone marrow cells with MM cells. Importantly, febuxostat rather suppressed MM cell viability and did not compromise Dox’s anti-MM activity. In addition, febuxostat was able to alleviate pathological osteoclastic activity and bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Collectively, these results suggest that excessive ROS production by aberrant RANKL overexpression and/or anticancer treatment disadvantageously impacts bone, and that febuxostat can prevent the ROS-mediated osteoclastic bone damage.
A G-Protein Coupled Receptor and Macular Degeneration
Authors: Figueroa Anna G. , McKay Brian S.
Published: April 2020

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. The risk of AMD increases with age and is most common among the white population. Here, we discuss the convergence of factors related to race, pigmentation, and susceptibility to AMD, where the primary defect occurs in retinal support cells, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). We explore whether the observed racial bias in AMD incidence is related to innate differences in the basal level of pigmentation between races, and whether the pigmentation pathway activity in the RPE might protect from retinal degeneration. More specifically, we explore whether the downstream signaling activity of GPR143, a G-protein coupled receptor in the pigmentation pathway, might underly the racial bias of AMD and be a target to prevent the disease. Lastly, we summarize the past findings of a large retrospective study that investigated the relationship between the stimulation of GPR143 with L-DOPA, the pigmentation pathway, and AMD, to potentially help develop new ways to prevent or treat AMD. The reader of this review will come to understand the racial bias of AMD, which is related to the function of the RPE.
Role of Wnt Signaling During In-Vitro Bovine Blastocyst Development and Maturation in Synergism with PPARδ Signaling
Authors: Sidrat Tabinda , Khan Abdul Aziz , Idrees Muhammad , Joo Myeong-Don , Xu Lianguang , Lee Kyeong-Lim , Kong Il-Keun
Published: April 2020

Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays vital role in the regulation of cellular proliferation, migration, stem cells cell renewal and genetic stability. This pathway is crucial during the early developmental process; however, the distinct role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling during pre-implantation period of bovine embryonic development is obscure. Here, we evaluated the critical role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the regulation of bovine blastocyst (BL) development and hatching. 6 bromoindurbin-3’oxime (6-Bio) was used to stimulate the Wnt signaling. Treatment with 6-Bio induced the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta (PPARδ). Interestingly, the PPARδ co-localized with β-catenin and form a complex with TCF/LEF transcription factor. This complex potentiated the expression of several Wnt directed genes, which regulate early embryonic development. Inhibition of PPARδ with selective inhibitor 4-chloro-N-(2-{[5-trifluoromethyl]-2-pyridyl]sulfonyl}ethyl)benzamide (Gsk3787) severely perturbed the BL formation and hatching. The addition of Wnt agonist successfully rescued the BL formation and hatching ability. Importantly, the activation of PPARδ expression by Wnt stimulation enhanced cell proliferation and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) metabolism to improve BL development and hatching. In conclusion, our study provides the evidence that Wnt induced PPARδ expression co-localizes with β-catenin and is a likely candidate of canonical Wnt pathway for the regulation of bovine embryonic development.