bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of tall man lettering on the visual behaviour of critical care nurses while identifying syringe drug labels: a randomised in situ simulation
Authors: Lohmeyer Quentin , Schiess Cornel , Wendel Garcia Pedro David , Petry Heidi , Strauch Eric , Dietsche Andreas , Schuepbach Reto A. , Buehler Philipp K. , Hofmaenner Daniel A.
Published: March 2022

Background

Patients in intensive care units are prone to the occurrence of medication errors. Look-alike, sound-alike drugs with similar drug names can lead to medication errors and therefore endanger patient safety. Capitalisation of distinct text parts in drug names might facilitate differentiation of medication labels. The aim of this study was to test whether the use of such ‘tall man’ lettering (TML) reduces the error rate and to examine effects on the visual attention of critical care nurses while identifying syringe labels.

Methods

This was a prospective, randomised in situ simulation conducted at the University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Under observation by eye tracking, 30 nurses were given 10 successive tasks involving the presentation of a drug name and its selection from a dedicated set of 10 labelled syringes that included look-alike and sound-alike drug names, half of which had TML-coded labels.

Error rate as well as dwell time, fixation count, fixation duration and revisits were analysed using a linear mixed-effects model analysis to compare TML-coded with non-TML-coded labels.

Results

TML coding of syringe labels led to a significant decrease in the error rate (from 5.3% (8 of 150 in non-TML-coded sets) to 0.7% (1 of 150 in TML-coded sets), p<0.05). Eye tracking further showed that TML affects visual attention, resulting in longer dwell time (p<0.01), more and longer fixations (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively) on the drug name as well as more frequent revisits (p<0.01) compared with non-TML-coded labels. Detailed analysis revealed that these effects were stronger for labels using TML in the mid-to-end position of the drug name.

Conclusions

TML in drug names changes visual attention while identifying syringe labels and supports critical care nurses in preventing medication errors.
Red blood cell-derived phosphatidylserine positive extracellular vesicles are associated with past thrombotic events in patients with systemic erythematous lupus
Authors: Hasse Stephan , Julien Anne-Sophie , Duchez Anne-Claire , Zhao Chenqi , Boilard Eric , Fortin Paul R , Bourgoin Sylvain G
Published: March 2022

Background

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by blood cells have proinflammation and procoagulant action. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) present high vascular inflammation and are prone to develop cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we postulated that the EV populations found in blood, including platelet EVs (PEVs) and red blood cell EVs (REVs), are associated with SLE disease activity and SLE-associated cardiovascular accidents.

Method

We assessed autotaxin (ATX) plasma levels by ELISA, the platelet activation markers PAC1 and CD62P, ATX bound to platelets and the amounts of plasma PEVs and REVs by flow cytometry in a cohort of 102 patients with SLE, including 29 incident cases of SLE and 30 controls. Correlation analyses explored the associations with the clinical parameters.

Result

Platelet activation markers were increased in patients with SLE compared with healthy control, with the marker CD62P associated with the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). The incident cases show additional associations between platelet markers (CD62P/ATX and PAC1/CD62P) and the SLEDAI. Compared with controls, patients with SLE presented higher levels of PEVs, phosphatidylserine positive (PS+) PEVs, REVs and PS+REVs, but there is no association with disease activity. When stratified according to the plasma level of PS+REVs, the group of patients with SLE with a high level of PS+REVs presented a higher number of past thrombosis events and higher ATX levels.

Conclusion

Incident and prevalent forms of SLE cases present similar levels of platelet activation markers, with CD62P correlating with disease activity. Though EVs are not associated with disease activity, the incidence of past thrombotic events is higher in patients with a high level of PS+REVs.
Predictors of dysphagia screening and pneumonia among patients with acute ischaemic stroke in China: findings from the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance (CSCA)
Authors: Liang Jianshu , Yin Zhike , Li Zixiao , Gu Hongqiu , Yang Kaixuan , Xiong Yunyun , Wang Yongjun , Wang Chunjuan
Published: March 2022

Background and purpose

Guidelines recommend dysphagia screening to identify those at high risk of pneumonia. However, little is known about the prevalence and predictors of dysphagia screening and pneumonia among patients with acute ischaemic stroke in China.

Methods

Using data from the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance, which is a multicentre, prospective, consecutive patient enrolment programme, univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify patient and hospital characteristics associated with dysphagia screening and pneumonia during acute hospitalisation.

Results

Of 790 811 patients admitted to 1476 hospitals, 622 718 (78.7%) underwent dysphagia screening, and 64 398 (8.1%) developed pneumonia. Patients in stroke units were more likely to be screened for dysphagia than those not in stroke units (OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.48 to 1.52), while patients with a past history of stroke were less likely to be screened (OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.86 to 0.88). Dysphagia screening (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.30 to 1.65), dysphagia (OR 7.31; 95% CI 7.15 to 7.46), and admission to stroke units (OR 1.17; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.19) were significantly associated with a greater risk of pneumonia.

Conclusions

Dysphagia was a critical factor in the development of pneumonia. Nearly one in five patients with acute ischaemic stroke in the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance were not screened for dysphagia. Pneumonia prevention during acute hospitalisation is dependent not only on dysphagia screening but also on the effectiveness of subsequent dysphagia management interventions. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between dysphagia screening, stroke unit care and pneumonia in patients with acute ischaemic stroke.
A comparison between acute large vessel occlusion in the posterior circulation and anterior circulation after endovascular treatment: the ANGEL-ACT registry experience
Authors: Sun Xuan , Zhang Jingyu , Tong Xu , Jia Baixue , Mo Dapeng , Ma Ning , Gao Feng , Liu Lian , Huo Xiaochuan , Song Ligang , Deng Yiming , Miao Zhongrong
Published: March 2022

Background and purpose

Endovascular treatment (EVT) has shown an overwhelming benefit for acute anterior circulation artery occlusion (ACO). Whether it can achieve the same outcomes in posterior circulation artery occlusion (PCO) has not been well explained. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics and prognosis of ACO and PCO after EVT in a nationwide registry.

Method

The present analysis was based on the prospective ANGEL-ACT Registry in China between November 2017 and March 2019. Demographic data, periprocedural times, recanalisation rate, intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) and 90-day functional outcomes were compared between the ACO and PCO groups.

Results

A total of 1793 patients were analysed including 397 (22.1%) consecutive patients with PCO and 1396 (77.9%) patients with ACO treated with EVT. A larger proportion of patients with PCO had intracranial atherosclerotic disease and received extra angioplasty during EVT. Successful recanalisation and 90-day favourable functional outcomes did not differ significantly between the two groups. Patients with PCO showed lower 24-hour ICH and symptomatic ICH rates. There was a trend towards higher mortality rate in the PCO group (22.09% vs 14.44%; adjusted OR 1.286 (95% CI 0.820 to 2.017), p=0.2731), especially when the onset to puncture time was over 6 hours (30.77% vs 11.13%; adjusted OR 2.673 (95% CI 1.280 to 5.583), p=0.0089, interactive p=0.0002).

Conclusions

In this large prospective multicentre registry, there was a significant difference in the characteristics and periprocedural features between patients with PCO and ACO. However, successful recanalisation and 90-day favourable functional outcomes in PCO were equivalent to those in ACO.
Inflammatory biomarkers and cerebral small vessel disease: a community-based cohort study
Authors: Zhang Ding-Ding , Cao Yuan , Mu Jing-Yu , Liu Yi-Ming , Gao Feng , Han Fei , Zhai Fei-Fei , Zhou Li-Xin , Ni Jun , Yao Ming , Li Ming-Li , Jin Zheng-Yu , Zhang Shu-Yang , Cui Li-Ying , Shen Yong , Zhu Yi-Cheng
Published: March 2022

Background and purpose

Although inflammation has been proposed to be a candidate risk factor for cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), previous findings remain largely inconclusive and vary according to disease status and study designs. The present study aimed to investigate possible associations between inflammatory biomarkers and MRI markers of CSVD.

Methods

A group of 15 serum inflammatory biomarkers representing a variety of those putatively involved in the inflammatory cascade was grouped and assessed in a cross-sectional study involving 960 stroke-free subjects. The biomarker panel was grouped as follows: systemic inflammation (high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor α), endothelial-related inflammation (E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), CD40 ligand, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, chitinase-3-like-1 protein and total homocysteine (tHCY)) and media-related inflammation (matrix metalloproteinases 2, 3 and 9, and osteopontin). The association(s) between different inflammatory groups and white matter hyperintensity (WMH), lacunes, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), enlarged perivascular space (PVS) and the number of deep medullary veins (DMVs) were investigated.

Results

High levels of serum endothelial-related inflammatory biomarkers were associated with both increased WMH volume (R2=0.435, p=0.015) and the presence of lacunes (R2=0.254, p=0.027). Backward stepwise elimination of individual inflammatory biomarkers for endothelial-related biomarkers revealed that VCAM-1 was significant for WMH (β=0.063, p=0.005) and tHCY was significant for lacunes (β=0.069, p<0.001). There was no association between any group of inflammatory biomarkers and CMBs or PVS. Systemic inflammatory biomarkers were associated with fewer DMVs (R2=0.032, p=0.006), and backward stepwise elimination of individual systemic-related inflammatory biomarkers revealed that hsCRP (β=−0.162, p=0.007) was significant.

Conclusion

WMH and lacunes were associated with endothelial-related inflammatory biomarkers, and fewer DMVs were associated with systemic inflammation, thus suggesting different underlying inflammatory processes and mechanisms.
Treatment with ddAVP improves platelet-based coagulation in a rat model of traumatic hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Wirtz Mathijs R , Roelofs Joris J , Goslings J Carel , Juffermans Nicole P
Published: March 2022

Objectives

Trauma-induced hemorrhagic shock is characterized by increased endothelial permeability and coagulopathy. Vasopressin analog ddAVP (desmopressin) acts by reorganizing and redistributing adhesive and tight junction molecules, enhancing endothelial barrier function. Furthermore, ddAVP increases von Willebrand factor (vWF) plasma levels and thereby potentially enhances platelet-based coagulation. The objective of this study was to assess whether the use of ddAVP results in improvement of both endothelial barrier function and platelet-based coagulation, thereby improving shock reversal and reduce organ failure in a rat model of trauma and transfusion.

Methods

Blood products were prepared from syngeneic rat blood according to blood bank standards. Polytrauma was induced in Sprague Dawley rats by a fractured femur and crush injury to the intestines and liver. The rats were hemorrhaged until a mean arterial pressure of 40 mm Hg and transfused with RBCs, fresh frozen plasmas and platelets in a 1:1:1 ratio, and randomized to receive a single dose of ddAVP (n=7 per group). Blood samples were taken up to 6 hours after trauma to assess biochemistry, markers of endothelial injury and coagulation status by rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM). Organ damage was assessed by histopathology.

Results

Rats receiving ddAVP showed significantly better shock reversal compared with controls. Also, coagulation parameters remained stable in the ddAVP treated group, whereas rats in the control group showed deterioration of coagulation parameters, including decreased clot strength and decreased platelet functioning (89% (IQR 82% to 92%) of baseline values). Platelet count and vWF antigen levels at exsanguination did not differ between groups. ddAVP did not reduce markers of endothelial dysfunction nor markers of organ injury.

Conclusions

The use of ddAVP in a rat trauma-transfusion model improved shock parameters and ROTEM parameters of clot formation. However, this did not abrogate the amount of organ failure.

Level of evidence

Level III.
Four-component one-pot synthesis of novel dicyanoaniline-anchored triazoles
Authors: Mojtahedi Mohammad M. , Azhari Saeede , Abaee M. Saeed
Published: March 2022

A four-component reaction was developed by taking advantage of the reactivity of propargyl functional groups residing on primarily formed dicyanoaniline products. Various enolizable cyclic ketones were reacted with malononitrile and 4-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzaldehyde derivatives in an aqueous t-BuOH/NaOH medium, and the resulting dicyanoanilines were subjected to a subsequent in situ click reaction to obtain the final dicyanoaniline-anchored triazole products. The enhanced photophysical properties of the novel products are currently under study.
Wormhole solutions through hyperbolic model in f(R,T) gravity
Authors: Ilyas M. , Rahman W. U. , Ullah S. , Khan F. , Ullah H. , Khan R.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we employed a hyperbolic viable model in the [Formula: see text] gravity to inspect the presence of wormhole geometries combined with the configurations of relativistic matter. In this regard, the static form of spherically symmetric spacetime was taken into account and the validity of energy conditions was verified by considering a particular form of matter and a combination of shape functions. The equilibrium background of wormhole models was analyzed by using the concept of an anisotropic fluid and explored our findings graphically. These nonstandard astrophysical wormhole models were further supported by the gravitational entity resulting from the [Formula: see text] gravity in the form of extra-curvature quantities. Furthermore, in the presence of an anisotropic fluid and [Formula: see text] gravity, it was demonstrated that the wormhole models might actually exist in a couple of zones in the parameter space without the requirement of exotic matter.
Torqued vector fields on generalized Ricci solitons and Lorentzian twisted products
Authors: Güler Sinem , Demi̇rbağ Sezgi̇n Altay
Published: March 2022

In this study, some relations between the generalized Ricci solitons with generalized quasi-Einstein manifolds and twisted products are established. Then, an explicit example of generalized quasi-Einstein spacetime endowed with the spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type-V metric is constructed. Also, we get certain identities about the Riemannian and the Ricci tensors on a Lorentzian twisted product [Formula: see text] admitting a timelike torqued vector field. We proved that such spacetime admitting a timelike torqued vector field having a closed torqued form is a generalized Robertson–Walker spacetime. Therefore, from Mantica and Molinari’s classifications, this spacetime becomes a model of perfect fluids. As a physical application, it is shown that the magnetic parts of the Weyl tensor of such spacetime vanish and so its possible Petrov types are [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text].
A stochastic analysis for a triple delayed SIR epidemic model with vaccination incorporating Lévy noise
Authors: El Koufi Amine , Bennar Abdelkrim , Yousfi Noura
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we investigate a stochastic delayed epidemic model with double epidemic hypothesis and vaccination incorporating Lévy noise. First, we show that this model has a unique global positive solution. Furthermore, we give sufficient conditions for extinction and persistence in the mean of the two epidemics and we prove that the two diseases can coexist under some conditions. Finally, we present some examples to illustrate the analytical results by numerical simulations.
Analysis of an initial value problem for an extracellular and intracellular model of hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Nangue Alexis , Rendall Alan D. , Tcheugam Brice Kammegne , Simo Patrick Steve Kamdem
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a mathematical analysis of the global dynamics of a viral infection model in vivo is carried out. We study the dynamics of a hepatitis C virus (HCV) model, under therapy, that considers both extracellular and intracellular levels of infection. At present, most mathematical modeling of viral kinetics after treatment only addresses the process of infection of a cell by the virus and the release of virions by the cell, while the processes taking place inside the cell are not included. We prove that the solutions of the new model with positive initial values are positive, exist globally in time and are bounded. The model has two virus-free steady states. They are distinguished by the fact that viral RNA is absent inside the cells in the first state and present inside the cells in the second. There are basic reproduction numbers associated to each of these steady states. If the basic reproduction number of the first steady state is less than one, then that state is asymptotically stable. If the basic reproduction number of the first steady state is greater than one and that of the second less than one, then the second steady state is asymptotically stable. If both basic reproduction numbers are greater than one, then we obtain various conclusions which depend on different restrictions on the parameters of the model. Under increasingly strong assumptions, we prove that there is at least one positive steady state (infected equilibrium), that there is a unique positive steady state and that the positive steady state is stable. We also give a condition under which every positive solution converges to a positive steady state. This is proved by methods of Li and Muldowney. Finally, we illustrate the theoretical results by numerical simulations.
GiantVM: A Novel Distributed Hypervisor for Resource Aggregation with DSM-aware Optimizations
Authors: Jia Xingguo , Zhang Jin , Yu Boshi , Qian Xingyue , Qi Zhengwei , Guan Haibing
Published: March 2022

We present GiantVM,

1

an open-source distributed hypervisor that provides the many-to-one virtualization to aggregate resources from multiple physical machines. We propose techniques to enable distributed CPU and I/O virtualization and distributed shared memory (DSM) to achieve memory aggregation. GiantVM is implemented based on the state-of-the-art type-II hypervisor QEMU-KVM, and it can currently host conventional OSes such as Linux. (1) We identify the performance bottleneck of GiantVM to be DSM, through a top-down performance analysis. Although GiantVM offers great opportunities for CPU-intensive applications to enjoy the aggregated CPU resources, memory-intensive applications could suffer from cross-node page sharing, which requires frequent DSM involvement and leads to performance collapse. We design the guest-level thread scheduler, DaS (DSM-aware Scheduler), to overcome the bottleneck. When benchmarking with NAS Parallel Benchmarks, the DaS could achieve a performance boost of up to 3.5×, compared to the default Linux kernel scheduler. (2) While evaluating DaS, we observe the advantage of GiantVM as a resource reallocation facility. Thanks to the SSI abstraction of GiantVM, migration could be done by guest-level scheduling. DSM allows standby pages in the migration destination, which need not be transferred through the network. The saved network bandwidth is 68% on average, compared to VM live migration. Resource reallocation with GiantVM increases the overall CPU utilization by 14.3% in a co-location experiment.
Dependence-aware Slice Execution to Boost MLP in Slice-out-of-order Cores
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Alipour Mehdi , Black-Schaffer David
Published: March 2022

Exploiting memory-level parallelism (MLP) is crucial to hide long memory and last-level cache access latencies. While out-of-order (OoO) cores, and techniques building on them, are effective at exploiting MLP, they deliver poor energy efficiency due to their complex and energy-hungry hardware. This work revisits slice-out-of-order (sOoO) cores as an energy-efficient alternative for MLP exploitation. sOoO cores achieve energy efficiency by constructing and executing
slices
of MLP-generating instructions out-of-order only with respect to the rest of instructions; the slices and the remaining instructions, by themselves, execute in-order. However, we observe that existing sOoO cores miss significant MLP opportunities due to their dependence-oblivious in-order slice execution, which causes dependent slices to frequently block MLP generation. To boost MLP generation, we introduce Freeway, a sOoO core based on a new dependence-aware slice execution policy that tracks dependent slices and keeps them from blocking subsequent independent slices and MLP extraction. The proposed core incurs minimal area and power overheads, yet approaches the MLP benefits of fully OoO cores. Our evaluation shows that Freeway delivers 12% better performance than the state-of-the-art sOoO core and is within 7% of the MLP limits of full OoO execution.
A Novel Coverless Text Steganographic Algorithm Based on Polynomial Encryption
Authors: Guan Bo , Gong Lichun , Shen Yanzhao
Published: March 2022

Aiming at the problems of low text utilization rate and ambiguity of secret information extraction in the “tag + keyword” coverless information hiding methods, we propose a coverless information hiding method of Chinese text based on polynomial encryption in this paper. The secret data communication is realized by the analogously forged URLs transmission, which improves the security of mobile computing to avoid the risk that the carrier texts are attacked maliciously. The text utilization rate and retrieval success rate are improved by using tags to select multiple keywords to expand the number of keywords in the index table. The keyword’s location in secret message is obtained through text vocabulary matching, and the tag index and location information are encrypted by polynomial for secret information transmission. The split keywords of secret message can be transmitted in disorder. The experimental result shows that the secret message can be successfully extracted by sorting the extracted keywords according to the frequency and relevance of their combined tags. In our experiments with different test databases, both the hiding success rate and the average hiding capacity are improved with higher test values than other existing methods.
Experimental Evaluation Study on High Temperature Tolerance Foam for Profile Control of Steam Huff-n-Puff
Authors: Liu Yang , Yuan Xiao , Bao Yu
Published: March 2022

In the process of steam huff and puff to develop heavy oil reservoirs, steam channeling is the main factor that restricts the development effect, which causes that the swept area of steam is limited and unable to heat heavy oil adequately. It is important to find an economical and efficient method to prevent steam channeling from happening at steam huff and puff production; thus, a DF-2 high temperature tolerance foam system is proposed to assist steam huff and puff production in this paper. Firstly, utilizing high-temperature aging tank and high-speed stirrer device, the foam quality of DF-2 foam and four kinds of other common industrial foams were evaluated and compared; this experiment result shows that the DF-2 foam has the best temperature tolerance. Whereafter, three groups of single-sandpack experiments were carried out to investigate the change of DF-2 foam resistance factor under different conditions, which included the influence of gas liquid ratio, injection pattern, and crude oil, and the blocking capabilities of DF-2 foam were studied. Through the dual-sandpack experiment, the profile control performance and diversion capacity of the DF-2 foaming agents were studied and evaluated systematically. Finally, the DF-2 high temperature tolerance foam agent was applied to on-site production. The sandpack experiment results indicated that the resistance factor of DF-2 foam agent decreased with gas-liquid ratio, and the optimal gas-liquid ratio was 1 : 1. Coinjection of gas and liquid with foam generator is better than slug injection. Crude oil in sandpack can reduce blocking capability to some extent. During the application of the DF-2 high temperature tolerance foaming agent in the steam huff-n-puff process in M-12 Oilfield block, it had a good performance of profile control and foam blocking, solving the problem of steam channeling and improving the steam sweep area to increase the steam-oil ratio in the heavy oil reservoir, and the production performance of steam huff and puff was improved to a great extent.
A Theoretical Investigation Based on the Rough Approximations of Hypergraphs
Authors: Sarwar Musavarah
Published: March 2022

Rough sets are a key tool to model uncertainty and vagueness using upper and lower approximations without predefined functions and additional suppositions. Rough graphs cannot be studied more effectively when the inexact and approximate relations among more than two objects are to be discussed. In this research paper, the notion of a rough set is applied to hypergraphs to introduce the novel concept of rough hypergraphs based on rough relations. The notions of isomorphism, conformality, linearity, duality, associativity, commutativity, distributivity, Helly property, and intersecting families are illustrated in rough hypergraphs. The formulae of 2‐section, L2‐section, covering, coloring, rank, and antirank are established for certain types of rough hypergraphs. The relations among certain types of products of rough hypergraphs are studied in detail.
Three Nontrivial Solutions for Second-Order Partial Difference Equation via Morse Theory
Authors: Long Yuhua , Zhang Huan
Published: March 2022

In the present paper, we consider a second-order nonlinear partial difference equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Applying variational method together with the Morse theory, we establish a criterion to obtain at least three nontrivial solutions. An example is also elaborated to demonstrate our main result.
Microtubule Organization Is Essential for Maintaining Cellular Morphology and Function
Authors: Huang Lijiang , Peng Yan , Tao Xuetao , Ding Xiaoxiao , Li Rui , Jiang Yongsheng , Zuo Wei
Published: March 2022

Microtubules (MTs) are highly dynamic polymers essential for a wide range of cellular physiologies, such as acting as directional railways for intracellular transport and position, guiding chromosome segregation during cell division, and controlling cell polarity and morphogenesis. Evidence has established that maintaining microtubule (MT) stability in neurons is vital for fundamental cellular and developmental processes, such as neurodevelopment, degeneration, and regeneration. To fulfill these diverse functions, the nervous system employs an arsenal of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) to control MT organization and function. Subsequent studies have identified that the disruption of MT function in neurons is one of the most prevalent and important pathological features of traumatic nerve damage and neurodegenerative diseases and that this disruption manifests as a reduction in MT polymerization and concomitant deregulation of the MT cytoskeleton, as well as downregulation of microtubule-associated protein (MAP) expression. A variety of MT-targeting agents that reverse this pathological condition, which is regarded as a therapeutic opportunity to intervene the onset and development of these nervous system abnormalities, is currently under development. Here, we provide an overview of the MT-intrinsic organization process and how MAPs interact with the MT cytoskeleton to promote MT polymerization, stabilization, and bundling. We also highlight recent advances in MT-targeting therapeutic agents applied to various neurological disorders. Together, these findings increase our current understanding of the function and regulation of MT organization in nerve growth and regeneration.
Use of Cryopreserved Human Umbilical Cord for Wound Healing of the Nose after Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Authors: Herne Kathleen , Fabric Robert K.
Published: March 2022

Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is microscopically controlled surgery used to treat common skin cancers including primary and recurrent basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Unfortunately, postexcisional MMS wounds, particularly down to periosteum or perichondrium, are susceptible to potentially poor cosmetic outcomes, including wound contracture, hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation, and contour mismatch. Herein, we report a case to show how adjunctive application of human cryopreserved umbilical cord tissue (UC) may expedite wound healing with improved aesthetic outcome. A 53-year-old Caucasian female with a slight natural lifelong depression between her lower nasal tip alar cartilages suffered from a recurrent BCC mostly of the right nasal tip. After MMS down to the perichondrium, UC was immediately applied to the surgical wound. Prolific granulation developed at one week followed by rapid reepithelialization at two weeks. This resulted in complete closure at four weeks and a pleasing aesthetic nasal tip at 6 weeks. At one year and 5 months after MMS, there continued to be excellent aesthetic outcome as evaluated by surrounding skin color, contour, and texture with a minimal residual scar. In this case, the adjunctive use of cryopreserved human UC accelerated the postsurgical MMS wound healing in the nasal tip particularly in patients with significant comorbidities or are unwilling to undergo a formal surgical reconstruction. This encouraging finding warrants further controlled studies in the future.
Intrusion Detection Method for In-Vehicle CAN Bus Based on Message and Time Transfer Matrix
Authors: Bi Zixiang , Xu Guoai , Xu Guosheng , Tian Miaoqing , Jiang Ruobing , Zhang Sutao
Published: March 2022

As the number and computational power of electronic computing units installed in standard automobiles continue to increase, contemporary motor vehicles face more cybersecurity threats than previous designs, while providing greater convenience and various useful features. Although vehicles are attacked at various entry points, eventually, attacks are injected into the in-vehicle controller area network (CAN) to cause vehicle anomalies. Currently, OEMs and research fields have implemented protection for the CAN bus in terms of external interfaces, internal protocols, and intrusion detection. Although the deployment of intrusion detection solutions is the most effective approach, the main challenges currently faced by automobile intrusion detection algorithms in practice involve limited computing resources, insufficient real-time responsiveness, and low recognition accuracy. In this study, we propose a novel intrusion detection method based on the message and time transfer matrix to address these difficulties, which can be applied to the vehicle Electronic Control Unit (ECU) to achieve real-time attack signal identification with high accuracy. Experiments on actual vehicles show that the proposed algorithm identified various attacks with high accuracy while consuming less computational and storage resources than previous methods. Moreover, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm is not affected by the attack injection frequency. Compared with other methods, the proposed method achieved better attack identification performance. Additionally, the message and time transfer matrix used by the algorithm can be used as a message transfer fingerprint of the CAN bus to discover anomalies.
Parametric Analysis of Structural Noise of Steel-Concrete Composite Slab Beams
Authors: Liu Xiao , Zhang Nan , Sun Qikai , Wang Kunpeng , Wu Zhaozhi
Published: March 2022

In this study, the vibration acceleration and radiation structure noise in specific points, 30 cm away from the center surface of each plate of the concrete deck, web, and flange of the steel beam, are measured via the hammering test. The test is conducted on the middle concrete deck of an 8.5 m steel-concrete composite slab beam. The accuracy of the numerical model is then carefully justified. The influence of the number of shear studs, spacing, and arrangement of ribs on the concerning results is methodically examined and discussed by employing the numerical model. In the center frequency of 10–1000 Hz, the total sound power level of the structure can be lessened by improving the concrete deck thickness as well as the number of shear studs. The reduction of the rib spacing can effectively lessen the sound power level as well. The noise reduction of the plate with rib arrangement in the midspan zone is more influential than the case with uniform layout in the whole span.
Laparotomy for Advanced Abdominal Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Tegene Dereje , Nesha Sultan , Gizaw Befikadu , Befikadu Tadele
Published: March 2022

Background. Abdominal pregnancy is the rarest and the most serious type of extrauterine pregnancy. The mainstay of treatment for advanced abdominal pregnancy is surgery. The fetus can be delivered easily, and there are two options for the management of the placenta: removal of the placenta and leave the placenta in situ. Case Presentation. This is a 26-year-old primigravida lady who does not recall her first day of last normal menstrual period (LNMP) but claimed to be amenorrhic for the past 9 months. She had antenatal care (ANC) follow-up at a private hospital and had obstetric ultrasound two times and told that the pregnancy was normal. Currently, she presented with absent fetal movement of one week and vaginal bleeding of 3 days duration. She had history of abdominal pain with fetal movement before one week. Upon examination, the abdomen was 34 weeks sized, with easily palpable fetal parts; fetal heartbeat was negative, with mild abdominal tenderness. The cervix was closed and uneffaced. She was investigated with ultrasound which reveals 3rd trimester abdominal ectopic pregnancy with negative fetal heartbeat. Laparotomy was done to deliver a 2000 gm female stillborn with GIII maceration from the peritoneal cavity. Placenta was removed after releasing adhesion from the bowel and omentum. She had smooth postoperative course and discharged on her 5th postoperative day. Conclusion. Abdominal ectopic pregnancy could be missed despite having repeated ultrasound scanning and may continue to third trimester. High index of suspicion and correlation of patient’s sign and symptom is very important to make early diagnosis.
Electroresponsive Hydrogel-Based Switching Components for Soft, Bioelectrical, and Fluidic Circuits
Authors: Li Naner , Philamore Hemma
Published: March 2022

The development of various soft components for fluid circuits is conducive to the further development of soft robots. The electroresponsive hydrogel is applied to build a functional oscillator in the study conducted. Based on the multiphasic mixture model, the deformation of the hydrogel under external electric fields is analyzed through COMSOL Multiphysics simulator. Owing to the characteristics of the hydrogel that it will deform in response to electric field, the hydrogel is employed to control fluidic circuits, resulting in a novel controllable functional soft oscillator.
MicroRNA-181a-5p Promotes Osteosarcoma Progression via PTEN/AKT Pathway
Authors: Sun Chen , Chen Chi , Chen Zhen , Guo Jun , Yu Zhi-Hong , Qian Wei , Ai Fen , Xiao Liang , Guo Xiao
Published: March 2022

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents with poor prognosis. MicroRNA-181a-5p (miR-181a-5p) is involved in the progression of various tumors; however, its role and underlying mechanism in osteosarcoma remains unclear. In this study, we found that miR-181a-5p was upregulated in human osteosarcoma cells and tissues. miR-181a-5p mimic significantly promoted, while miR-181a-5p inhibitor blocked the proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression of osteosarcoma cells. Mechanistically, miR-181a-5p bound to the 3

′

-untranslational region of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and reduced its protein expression, thereby activating protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) pathway. Either PTEN overexpression or AKT inhibition notably blocked the tumor-promoting effects of miR-181a-5p. Moreover, we observed that miR-181a-5p mimic further inhibited growth of human osteosarcoma cells in the presence of adriamycin or cisplatin. Overall, miR-181a-5p promotes osteosarcoma progression via PTEN/AKT pathway and it is a promising therapeutic target to treat osteosarcoma.
Error Handling Method for Improving BDS Monitoring Accuracy of Bridge Deformation
Authors: Bao Longsheng , Tao Tianyang , Yu Ling
Published: March 2022

The existing high‐tech bridge deformation monitoring technologies mostly use the GPS system. To eliminate the dependence on this system, China has independently developed and built the Beidou satellite navigation system. In this study, an improved algorithm for differently modulated signals is proposed to increase the accuracy of satellite monitoring and minimise the intercode interference into the output signals of the Beidou bridge deformation monitoring system. It includes a modified recurrent least square constant modulus algorithm (RLS‐CMA) developed using MATLAB software. The numbers of iterations for four modulated signals are determined through various blind equalisation and intersymbol interference (ISI) algorithms as well as by performing error vector magnitude comparison simulations without equalisation, with CMA equalisation, and with enhanced RLS‐CMA equalisation. At high signal‐to‐noise ratios, the correction speed and anti‐intercode interference capability of the improved RLS‐CMA are greater than those of the CMA. Moreover, the lower the error vector amplitude, the higher is the accuracy of received constellations. The error vector amplitude achieved by the RLS‐CMA equalisation algorithm is lower than those of the CMA equalisation and nonequalisation algorithms, while its accuracy is increased by 17%. Hence, the improved RLS‐CMA can eliminate ISI, increase the accuracy of satellite monitoring, and satisfy the requirements of theoretical analysis, calculation accuracy, and engineering error.
A Tropical Cyclone Center Location Method Based on Satellite Image
Authors: You Qingxiang , Li Zhenqing , Qian Cheng , Wang Tian
Published: March 2022

Accurately detecting and locating the center of the tropical cyclone is critical for the trajectory forecasting. This study proposed an automatic method for centers’ location of the tropical cyclones based on the visible or the infrared satellite images. The morphological structure of the tropical cyclone is modeled using the circular pattern. The tropical cyclone center is located based on regional pixels instead of skeleton points. All pixels in a segmented cloud cluster vote for a 2-dimensional accumulator. The center of the cloud cluster is computed by the mean voting distances, which are calculated by fitting quadratic functions in every column of the two-dimensional (2D) accumulator. Then, a linear function is fitted according to the functional relationship between the mean voting distance and voting angle. The fitted coefficients of the linear function are the center coordinates of the tropical cyclone. The proposed method for centers location of the tropical cyclones is tested using visible and infrared satellite images. The results of center location are compared with the best track provided in JMA datasets.
Circular RNA RHOT1 Regulates miR-142-5p/CCND1 to Participate in Chondrocyte Autophagy and Proliferation in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Man Gu , Yang Haiwen , Shen Kai , Zhang Donghong , Zhang Julin , Wu Hao , Zhang Hongyu , Wang Jinhuan
Published: March 2022

Background. Osteoarthritis (OA) serves as one of the most prevalent types of joint disorders and is a leading cause of symptoms of stiffness, swelling, and arthralgia. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to participate in various cellular processes by competing with microRNAs. Meanwhile, cyclinD1 (CCND1) is a key cell cycle regulatory protein and plays a crucial role in OA progression. Nevertheless, the function of circRHOT1 in the modulation of OA progression is still obscure. Here, we explored the effect of circRHOT1 on autophagy and extracellular matrix (ECM) in OA. Methods. The expression of circRHOT1 and autophagy markers was detected in OA samples. The effect of circRHOT1 on OA was analyzed in the OA rat model. The function of circRHOT1 in the regulation of OA was assessed by CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, and luciferase reporter gene assay in chondrocytes. Results. We observed that autophagy markers, including LC3 and beclin1, were repressed in clinical OA samples. The expression of circRHOT1 and CCND1 was induced but the miR-142-5p expression was reduced in clinical OA samples. The miR-142-5p expression was negatively correlated with circRHOT1 and CCND1, and the circRHOT1 expression was positively associated with CCND1 in clinical OA samples. Meanwhile, the apoptosis was induced in OA rats but the depletion of circRHOT1 could block the phenotype in the rats. The articular cartilage degeneration was promoted in OA rats, while the knockdown of circRHOT1 repressed the degeneration. The serum levels of CTX-II and COMP were increased in OA rats, and the silencing of circRHOT1 downregulated levels of these proteins. In addition, the expression of collagen II and aggrecan was promoted by the depletion of circRHOT1 in the OA rats. Significantly, the expression of LC3 and beclin1 was suppressed in OA rats, in which the knockdown of circRHOT1 could reverse the effect. Moreover, the depletion of circRHOT1 repressed the cell viability and proliferation but induced apoptosis of chondrocytes. The expression levels of LC3, beclin1, collagen II, and aggrecan were induced by circRHOT1 knockdown. Mechanically, circRHOT1 was able to enhance the CCND1 expression by sponging miR-142-5p in chondrocytes. The overexpression of CCND1 or the inhibition of miR-142-5p reversed circRHOT1 depletion-mediated chondrocyte phenotypes. Conclusions. Circular RNA RHOT1 enhances the CCND1 expression by sponging miR-142-5p to inhibit chondrocyte autophagy and promote chondrocyte proliferation in osteoarthritis. Our findings provided a promising therapeutic target for OA.
Virtual Reality Technology Based on Embedded Image System Simulates Urban Disasters
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Jahng Surng Gahb
Published: March 2022

At present, urban disasters are generally valued by various companies and organizations. Although many companies claim to have effectively tested their urban disaster recovery plans, the effectiveness, completeness, and efficiency of their test plans still exist in many aspects. Therefore, it is very important to effectively check the city’s disaster recovery plan. Nowadays, both the scientific research community and the industrial community have paid enough attention and research to urban disaster backup. This is a shield of a guaranteed simulation system. The research in this paper belongs to the category of urban disaster virtual reality technology. Urban disaster virtualization is an integral part of virtual reality technology in the current information technology field. Based on the embedded image system, this article divides the virtualization of urban disasters into two meanings: one is to virtualize various disasters into one type of disaster, so as to focus attention on the process and mechanism of disasters on the information system. The meaning is to virtualize different disaster response methods in the standard process, and all links are interrelated and interdependent so that the highest level of disaster response can be implemented. The main goal of disaster virtualization is to integrate different disasters into a comprehensive model. This paper studies urban disasters through embedded image systems and uses virtual reality technology to establish a simulation system to complete the test.
Profound Vagal Tone and Bradycardia Mimicking Asystole: A Resuscitation Case Report
Authors: Mannion J. , Chapman L. , Deasy K. , Colwell N. S.
Published: March 2022

A 48-year-old man presented with dizziness. When he arrived at the emergency department, he collapsed and became pulseless. Prior to his collapse, he was asymptomatic and now even participated in multiple marathon and ultra-running events per year. However, he previously experienced a vasospastic inferior STEMI eight years prior from cocaine use. As a result, he had an ischaemic cardiomyopathy with LVEF of 45%. He never took any further illicit substances after the STEMI; instead, he changed his lifestyle completely and commenced extreme endurance sports. After one hour of alternations between VF/VT rhythms and asystole, a rhythm check demonstrated a single complex with a corresponding pulse. He had received 12 mg of epinephrine up to that point as per local resuscitation guidelines. Upon diagnosing extreme bradycardia, 2 mg of total atropine administration resulted in ROSC. We theorise that this bradycardia was a result of increased vagal tone as ROSC was quickly achieved following atropine administration.
Decision-Making Model of Social Work Specialization Process Using Big Data Analysis and Chaos Cloud
Authors: Chen Zhiyu , Chen Jingguo
Published: March 2022

Big data and mobile edge computing information technology have revolutionized traditional industries’ development. The organic integration of community social work and big data technology will undoubtedly promote the growth of community social work services, thanks to the new information technology platform for big data. In terms of the future of big data-driven social work, it is primarily reflected in the following: in the application of social work, big data can acquire and update real human behavior data in real time, and eliminating the need for subjects’ subjective reports in the data collection process; It can also provide a basis for public decision-making, which is worthy of our active exploration and innovation, provide efficient and accurate technical means for risk population assessment and crisis intervention and have a more accurate and intuitive grasp of the temporal and spatial distribution of service personnel and basic social service facilities. The core of professionalization of social work is improving the post-setting system for social workers in our country, improving their treatment, and strengthening the construction of professional ethics for social workers in our country. A big data social workflow adaptive scheduling optimization algorithm based on the chaotic cloud diversion mechanism is proposed to address the problems of high costs, poor time convergence performance, and poor cost accounting quality in the current social workflow adaptive scheduling optimization algorithm. As an important part of social governance, social work accelerates the process of social work specialization to improve decision-making efficiency.