bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Civil Society and Public Engagement in Russia’s Regions (based on the case of Tatarstan)
Authors: Kuznetsova Alexandra Vital'evna
Published: October 2024

The author examines the issue of public engagement in Russian civil society organizations based on the case of the Republic of Tatarstan. Local support for civil society organizations is critical to their success, so is productive collaboration between different groups and third sector organizations. The study explores differences of public support for various forms of civil society. In particular, attention is paid to the differences in civil participation in such segments of civil society as socially-oriented NGOs, formally unorganized groups and movements (such as, for example, animal rights activists) and in human rights organizations. Federal and local trends in the development of civil society that affect the civic participation are examined in detail. The author also draws attention to the strategies used by civil society organizations to attract support from the local population. The study is based on in-depth interviews with representatives of civil society organizations and movements. In the selection of participants, purposive sampling is used with balanced representation of age, gender and ethnicity. The main conclusion of the study is the reluctance of Tatarstan’s residents to engage in formal CSOs on a regular basis. However, respondents argued that statistics on low public support for civil society did not always reflect reality, as casual activism went largely unreported, so did voluntary participation in community projects outside formal CSOs. Study participants also pointed to the division of the civil society sector into three subgroups: political groups, socially oriented NGOs and independent groups. These groups see each other not as allies, but as competitors. However, public support for certain initiatives is not determined neither by the type of organization, nor by the presence or absence of government support. Tatarstan’s residents support initiatives that can change their immediate environment in the nearest future.
The place of the Arab Spring in French foreign policy
Authors: Ionov Dmitriy Dmitrievich , Kretov Andrey Dmitrievich
Published: October 2024

The events of the Arab Spring have had a significant impact on the world stage, extending its influence beyond the Arab region, leading to dramatic changes in the political landscape of the Middle East. This article analyses assessments of the Arab Spring and its impact on French foreign policy. The paper examines the key factors that shaped France's approach to the Arab Spring events, including geopolitical interests, economic ties, historical relations with the Arab world, and domestic political considerations. The aim of the paper is to analyse the key assessments, approaches and interpretations of the French expert community in relation to the Arab Spring events. The object of the study is French foreign policy in the context of the Arab Spring events and its impact on France's relations with Arab countries. The subject of the study is the assessment of the ‘Arab Spring’ by the French expert community. The methodological basis of the article is based on the system approach. The scientific novelty of the work is due to the fact that it treats the events of the Arab Spring as a turning point for French foreign policy in the Middle East, leading to a revision of previously established approaches. The authors concluded that the events of the Arab Spring have become a serious challenge for France's foreign policy, requiring a flexible response and adjustment of previously established approaches. The results of the study contribute to the understanding of the peculiarities of France's foreign policy course in the Middle East region, and also make it possible to assess the impact of the Arab Spring on the transformation of foreign policy priorities of one of the leading states of the European Union.
Global Criminal Alliances: The Phenomenon of Interaction between European Union and Latin American Criminal Organizations
Authors: Tsimashchenia Viachaslau Andreevich
Published: October 2024

The research focuses on the evolution of transnational organized crime, mechanisms of interaction between criminal structures in these two regions, and the impact of this cooperation on global security. Special attention is given to the analysis of criminal flow convergence, including drug trafficking, money laundering, and arms trade. The study investigates the transformation process of local criminal organizations into global criminal networks, as well as the formation of shadow enclaves in Latin America. The object of research includes specific cases of cooperation between European and Latin American criminal groups, their methods and strategies, and the socio-economic and political factors contributing to the development of this phenomenon. The research employs an interdisciplinary approach, combining methods from criminology, political science, sociology, and economics. Data is sourced from official reports, academic publications, and expert interviews. The scientific novelty of the research lies in its comprehensive analysis of international criminal alliances, viewing transnational organized crime as a complex adaptive system. Key findings include the identification of trends towards the formation of stable transcontinental criminal networks, determination of key factors facilitating this process, and analysis of its impact on regional and global security. The author's contribution is the development of the "shadow enclaves" concept as key nodes in the structure of international criminal alliances. The study also reveals new forms of criminal cooperation, including the symbiosis of terrorism and drug trafficking.The article provides insights for developing more effective strategies to counter transnational organized crime, emphasizing the need for enhanced international cooperation in law enforcement, legislative harmonization, and anti-corruption efforts.
Turkey's mediation as an attempt to integrate into the emerging multipolarity on the example of the Syrian, Libyan, Nagorno-Karabakh and Ukrainian conflicts
Authors: Mishin Lev
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is Turkey's foreign policy. The subject of the study is Turkey's mediation initiatives based on the example of the Libyan, Ukrainian, Syrian and Karabakh cases. The Turkish mediation is of the greatest interest, in view of Ankara's chosen course to elevate Turkey to the rank of global powers. First of all, this is due to the imperial past of the state, as well as the political orientation of the current leadership. Nevertheless, Turkey does not have the necessary resources to elevate itself to the rank of great powers, so diplomacy, and in particular mediation, has been assigned the role of a locomotive to enhance the country's international image. The purpose of the study is to study Ankara's specific tools for promoting its own interests in the emerging multipolar world through mediation efforts. The objectives are to: 1) analyze the origins of Turkish mediation 2) examine the Syrian case of Turkish mediation 3) analyze the Libyan case of Turkish mediation 3) analyze the Karabakh case of Turkish mediation 4) examine the Ukrainian case of Turkish mediation. The general scientific approach has become the main methodological approach in the research. Synthesis and analysis were mainly used in the course of the research. The Republic of Turkey has been actively promoting itself as one of the most important hubs of Eurasia for several years. The Turkish understanding of "hubness" also includes diplomacy, mediation efforts have become an important part of Turkey image. Turkey has become one of the most active powers offering mediation services to many players on the world stage. The most striking examples of this are the cases of Libya, Syria, Nagorno-Karabakh and Ukraine. This article is intended to review and analyze these cases, the origins of Ankara's mediation initiatives, as well as their consequences. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that today there is an insignificant layer of research devoted to the analysis of Turkish mediation in the context of multipolarity. In the course of the research we made : 1) an analysis of specific cases (Syrian, Karabakh, Libyan and Ukrainian) of Turkish mediation initiatives 2) a hypothesis about the specificity of the Turkish approach to mediation.
Academic Boycott of Israel in 2023-2024: causes, manifestations and consequences
Authors: Shugurov Mark Vladimirovich , Kolodub Grigorii Vyacheslavovich , Shugurova Irina Viktorovna
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the content, structure, and dynamics of the academic boycott against Israel. The aim of the study is to systematically conceptualize the modern academic boycott of Israel in 2023-2024 by universities in the United States and Western Europe through the prism of the correlation of common and special features of this phenomenon. The study revealed the reasons for the academic boycott of Israel as a permanent phenomenon in 2002-2022; the degree of its validity was determined; the Palestinian-Israeli conflict of 2023-2024 was revealed as a factor in the transition of the anti-Israeli boycott in the academic sphere to a new stage, involving the introduction of unprecedented academic sanctions. The specific features of the academic boycott of Israel by universities of various states of the collective West are considered in detail by the authors in the context of new trends in the anti-Israeli protest movement. The methodological base of the research is represented by historical and systematic approaches. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization were used when working with empirical data. The comparative method made it possible to identify common and specific aspects of the anti-Israeli academic boycott. The forecasting method made it possible to assess the possible consequences of the current anti-Israeli boycott on the Israeli academic sector. The main conclusion of the study is that the essence of the new qualitative characteristics of the academic boycott of Israel is that the instruments of isolation of the Israeli academic sector in the space of international relations have become measures aimed at suspending or severing institutional relations between Israeli and foreign universities and research centers in the academic field. The novelty of the study lies in the disclosure of the compromise nature of decisions to limit academic ties with Israel, as well as the lack of a radical break. The consequences of the measures taken are unlikely to cause significant damage to the Israeli academic sector. It has been established that the suspension of bilateral agreements between universities of foreign countries and universities in Israel is often presented as a rupture. The contribution of the article to the subject area of research is the disclosure of the academic boycott model, which unfolds in the absence of economic sanctions, as well as the expansion of initiatives by Western countries aimed at evaluating project cooperation with Israel through the prism of human rights and academic freedom values.
Visualization of pre-revolutionary projects of the Moscow metro
Authors: Polishchuk Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the research is the reflection of the futurological image of the Moscow metro in the works of fine art of the pre—revolutionary period, as well as the phenomenon of the artistic evolution of ideas about the Moscow metro in the works of artists and engineers. The paper will also briefly consider the main projects of the Moscow metro, both visualized and not. Among the sources it is worth mentioning drawings from the book by A. I. Antonovich, N. I. Golinevich and N. P. Dmitriev "Moscow City Railway. (Metro)" (1902), illustrations by N. N. Karazin to the project of the metro by P. I. Balinsky and E. K. Knorre (1902) and a series of postcards by the Einem company "Moscow of the Future" (1914). The iconographic method and the method of stylistic and artistic analysis are used in the work. The main attention will be paid to the peculiarities of the authors' ideas about the future of the metro and the city as a whole.   The scientific novelty of this publication lies in the fact that the pre-revolutionary futurological images of the Moscow metro will be analyzed comprehensively, the connection of later works with earlier ones will be shown. A special contribution of the author to the study of the topic is the introduction into scientific circulation of N. N. Karazin's work "View of the Subway from the side of the Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge", which is known only by photocopy. This photocopy is published in this article. The main conclusion of the study is that all the images appeared by chance, but each series of works for its own reason. All the authors also depicted the Central Station in their works, which was never built.
Polyphony in D. Shostakovich's a cappella choral work
Authors: Koshkareva Natalya  Vladimirovna
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this article is to identify the role of polyphony in choral a cappella music of Russian compositional writing of the twentieth century. The subject of the study is the a cappella choral work of Dmitry Shostakovich. The object of the research is to consider the polyphonic techniques in the works "Ten poems of revolutionary poets", "Two treatments of Russian folk songs for unaccompanied choir", "Fidelity". The author examines in detail the polyphonic means in the choral heritage of the great Russian composer. Special attention is paid to polyphonic methods in a cappella choral works. The author states that D. Shostakovich's polyphony is distinguished by its depth and semantic concentration. The appeal to imitation, sub-vocal and contrasting polyphony in D. Shostakovich's a cappella choral compositions is characterized by an individual approach to solving a creative idea. The methodology consists in the synthesis of research methods, including musicology, poetics and choral studies. On the basis of this synthesis, the parameters of the musical composition are revealed: the analyzed genre specifics and polyphonic means, the features of choral writing. The main conclusion of the research is the paradigm of a deep stylistic synthesis of secular and spiritual principles in the works of D. Shostakovich. This position has become a determining factor for polyphony as the dominant principle of the composer's musical thinking. Attention is focused on the need to study the polyphony associated with the genre and style features of choral compositions for unaccompanied choir due not only to the general artistic and historical potential of choral culture in general, but also especially to its great importance in modern musical art. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time polyphony in the works of D. Shostakovich is analyzed from the standpoint of musicology and choral studies. The author's special contribution to the disclosure of the topic is the study of the works "Ten poems by revolutionary poets", "Two arrangements of Russian folk songs for unaccompanied choir", "Fidelity", which had not previously been the object of special research.
Stories about the expression of filial piety in Huizhou architectural carvings
Authors: Mitasova Svetlana  Alekseevna , Yan Tao
Published: October 2024

The object of research is Huizhou architectural carving, the subject of research is the formation and development of Confucian and neo-Confucian subjects in carving. The source for the plots was the treatise "Twenty-four examples of filial piety" attributed to Confucius. The stories of the treatise reflect the respect and reverence of the ancients for their parents. The cult of Chinese ancestors with the obligatory birth of a boy, many children in the family, the amazing self-sacrifice of sons for the sake of the life and health of their parents, is expressed in the stories of the treatise. Many of them are based on real historical figures and events and are used to foster respect for elders. Using the example of Huizhui carving samples, the plots are shown: Leaving the service to find a mother, Collecting mulberries in different vessels, Sampling a medicinal decoction, Celebrating the birthday of an elderly family member, Qilin brings sons, the Phoenix bird brings sons. Research methods in the article: descriptive (describes the main Confucian themes in carving), typological and systematic method allowed us to identify the most important themes in the general system of Chinese carving, created to educate the morality of the people. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that there are no such studies in the special Russian-language literature, all sources are written in Chinese. For the first time, the artistic embodiment of Confucian subjects in Huizhou architectural carvings has been analyzed. A brief literary history is given, the key cultural meaning is indicated – the manifestation of filial piety in all its manifestations, the artistic features of the carving (composition, layout of the plans) are highlighted, and the symbolic interpretation of the depicted characters (birds, plants, trees) is also revealed. Woodcarving samples were also published for the first time – the window of the living room of the ancestral temple of the ancestors of the Hu family, Jixi County; the window of the living room of the Zhichengtang house, Lu village of Yi County (late XIX century). A sample of brick carving is presented by the 2017 work of master Wu Zhenghui, demonstrating the ancient method of "nine-layer openwork carving". The material of the article expands the possibility of learning Chinese culture and art, and, consequently, contributes to the establishment of stronger intercultural ties between Russia and China.
Western European and National in Chinese string music: ways of mutual influence
Authors: Wang Nan
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on the problem of the mutual influence of traditional Chinese string music and the "cultural inoculation" of Western European strings, in particular, the violin. The historical materials related to the existence of instrumental music are studied: elite palace and folk music associated with cults and holidays. The author's attention is drawn to the problem of the absence of writing compositions in the centuries-old tradition of China, the possibility of acquiring musical and cultural monuments exclusively in oral form – from teacher to student. The ways of the influence of Western European music education on changing the current situation towards the greatest possible preservation of this heritage are reviewed. As a result of a detailed analysis of compositions for national stringed instruments, both solo and ensemble, and comparing them with the parallel developing violin art in the country, the mutual influence of the traditions of the East and the West in this highly specialized field of professional music is investigated. The historical-comparative method allows us to reconstruct the picture of the existence of instrumental ensembles and genres in previous centuries and to find differences with modern concert practice. The methods of structural, grammatical, semantic, and genre analysis help to find parallels in the development of music for national and Western European strings in modern China. A special contribution of the author is that for the first time points of contact were found, both the features and similarity of performing techniques were emphasized, the rise in popularity of violin art in the country was explained due to the similarity of many methods of violin and erhu sound production. The transformation of playing techniques on stringed instruments of the Celestial Empire and classical symphony orchestra as a result of mutual diffusion is considered; the evolution of synthetic genres based on the structural patterns of Western European forms, but enriched with Chinese methods of variation, ladoharmonic and melodic features is traced. The main result of the article is the finding of many common vectors of development both in the compositional art and in the performing methodology of erhu, banhu, sihu and other national strings and the entire family of stringed instruments of the classical symphony orchestra.
ECOWAS peacekeeping missions and their effects on West African nations
Authors: Bokeriya Svetlana , Nguevese Gbaa Emmanuella
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the research is determined by the increased role of regional actors in peacekeeping on the African continent. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is spearheading efforts to promote peace and security throughout the West African region. Through its peacekeeping and conflict resolution activities, ECOWAS has contributed greatly in shaping the policies of West African states. The object of the research is ECOWAS peacekeeping missions in West Africa. The subject of the research is ECOWAS peacekeeping. The aim of this article is to examine the ECOWAS peacekeeping missions in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau and the Gambia, their mandates, achievements, challenges and problems. The objectives of the article are to compare ECOWAS peacekeeping missions in terms of their impact and role in shaping the future of West Africa, and to assess the challenges and problems faced by ECOWAS in improving the effectiveness of peacekeeping missions. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the authors' endeavor to characterize, using a wide range of sources and academic literature, the ECOWAS peacekeeping missions and their impact on West African countries. The methodological basis of the article is the system approach, which is based on the consideration of the object as a holistic set of interrelated elements. Based on an institutional analysis of ECOWAS peacekeeping in West Africa and a comparative analysis of conflicts in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Guinea Bissau and the Gambia, the authors conclude that ECOWAS continues to be a leader in ensuring peace and stability in Africa and its experience, mechanisms and instruments for crisis resolution in West Africa can be used not only to resolve existing conflicts but also to prevent the emergence of new ones on the African continent.
Russian experience in applying environmental payments in the context of fiscal regulation of business involvement in ESG processes
Authors: Advokatova Alena Stanislavovna , Goncharenko Lyubov Ivanovna , Zavorikin Aleksei Alekseevich
Published: October 2024

The study of the evolutionary aspect of changes in the composition and structure of fiscal instruments of environmental protection in the Russian Federation is particularly relevant under the influence of the international scientific and public agenda in the field of sustainable development. The purpose of the research is to analyze the experience of using payments and fees of a direct and indirect environmental nature, institutional forms of their mobilization and application, as well as the level of effectiveness of their impact on achieving the goals set – to find an answer to the question of ways to eliminate shortcomings and possible measures to improve the mechanism of their collection and use. The author examines the institutional structure of fiscal instruments for influencing environmental problems of doing business. On the one hand, the tendency towards centralization of income management is shown, since the target state extra-budgetary funds were disbanded with the transition to income distribution through the budget levels of the budgetary system, on the other hand, the experience of other institutional forms. The analysis and assessment of the structure of environmental payments and fees is given, among which there are payments with the status of a system codified instrument administered by the Federal Tax Service of Russia, as well as a number of uncodified fees, fiscal payments and parafiscalities. The conclusion is made about the comparability of Russia's practice with the actions of developing countries, as well as the influence of a number of cross-border factors on environmental fiscal payments policy, in particular the EU's CBAM, and the reaction of business to changes in rules in the field of environmental taxation is assessed. Examples of responsible attitude of companies to the problems of the ecological state of the country and regions are given.
The boundaries of public financial control in the Russian Federation: towards the formulation of the problem
Authors: Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich , Malinovskii Oleg Nikolaevich , Petrenko Elena Gennad'evna
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of defining the boundaries of public financial control in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the work is due to the need to resolve the research problem of determining the optimal limits for the implementation of public control in relation to such an important branch of public administration as the financial activities of public authorities, local governments, as well as other objects of public control endowed by legislation with the right to exercise certain public powers. The authors investigate the risks associated with insufficient and superficial implementation of public control in this area, as well as with the excessive influence of subjects of public control on the activities of the above-mentioned objects. The main problems preventing the definition of the boundaries of public financial control are formalized and analyzed: the disregard of this institution by the Constitution of the country; the lack of its detail in financial legislation; the lack of consolidation of the system of public control, as well as the concept of "financial public control" in the legislation on public control; the lack of development of the concept and limits of the boundaries of public financial control in scientific legal doctrine weak use of foreign experience and modern digital technologies in this field.  The article uses a number of scientific research methods: formal-logical; comparative-legal; historical-legal; statistical; sociological; financial analysis; method of analyzing specific legal situations. In this work, ways to solve the above-mentioned problems related to the definition of the boundaries of public financial control are developed and justified, including by: incorporating the institute of public control into the Constitution of the Russian Federation, and the concepts of "public control system", "public financial control" into current legislation with the definition of the boundaries of its implementation; implementation of a system of measures to to stimulate these scientific and theoretical developments in the domestic scientific legal doctrine of public control, dedicated to defining the boundaries of public financial control; the adoption by the Government of the Russian Federation with the assistance of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation of a number of federal programs dedicated to the development of the institute of public financial control (taking into account positive foreign experience, as well as modern digital technologies and artificial intelligence technologies).
Improving excise taxes on "harmful" products taking into account their effects
Authors: Tikhonova Anna Vital'evna
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to a relevant area of tax science – strengthening the effects of excise taxes on alcoholic, tobacco products and sugar-containing beverages. In particular, the article is devoted to the fiscal, price, redistributive and consumer effects of excise taxes, which is the subject of the research. The topic of the study corresponds to the modern vector of the tax policy of the Russian Federation. The object of the study is economic relations that develop in the process of excise taxation of certain goods in Russia. In the work, the author gives a statistical assessment of the effects of excise taxes in Russia according to the Federal Tax Service, Rosstat, UN and WHO for the period from 2006 to 2023. In addition, the effects of excise taxation of "harmful" products in certain countries are presented: in the countries of the European Union, Australia, Belgium, China (Hong Kong), Brazil. In the work, the method of bibliographic analysis was used to analyze foreign experience. The results of Russian practice are assessed using the analysis of dynamic series and correlation analysis. The scientific novelty of this study consists in the development and substantiation of proposals for improving tax policy measures in the field of excise taxes on food and beverages aimed at enhancing their effects in the current economic conditions. Specific practical recommendations for the introduction of excise taxes on non-alcoholic beer and beverages made with artificial sweeteners have been developed. Based on open data, an estimated fiscal effect has been estimated. The study has a significant limitation, since it does not provide an assessment of other economic, social and cultural factors affecting the consumption of "harmful" foods and beverages.
The philosophy of law as a tool for the formation of legal awareness among young people in the process of education
Authors: Slanov Oleg Taimurazovich
Published: October 2024

The subject of this study is the philosophy of law and its role in the formation of legal awareness among young people in the educational process. The aim of the work is to identify the influence of the philosophy of law on the formation of legal culture and lawful behavior, as well as the development of methods and techniques that will help to successfully implement the formation of legal awareness. The methodology of the work includes the analysis of theoretical works and research in the field of philosophy of law, the study of the experience of practical application of philosophical concepts. In order to identify knowledge and ideas about law, as well as the level of development of legal awareness, the results of a sociological study are presented, including questionnaires and interviews of young people. The novelty of the work lies in the analysis of modern methods and approaches in educational activities aimed at the formation of legal awareness, as well as in identifying factors influencing the successful implementation of this process. In addition, the study covers not only theoretical aspects of the philosophy of law, but also practical aspects related to the application of legal norms and the adoption of legitimate decisions. The results of the work allow us to identify a number of important factors that influence the formation of legal awareness among young people in the learning process. Firstly, the active use of the philosophy of law as an academic discipline allows students to significantly deepen their knowledge of the basics of law, its values and principles. Secondly, the inclusion of practical tasks and situations in the educational process that require the analysis of legal norms and decision-making based on legal awareness helps students develop practical skills of legal activity. The obtained conclusions show the need to strengthen the role of the philosophy of law in the educational process for the effective formation of legal awareness, the importance of not only theoretical, but also practical training of students in the field of law in order to apply their knowledge in practice and make positive changes in the legal environment of society is emphasized.
Orthodoxy in the era of COVIID-19: using the example of social networks of executive authorities in the Northwestern Federal District (Russia)
Authors: Kovalenko Vladimir Dmitrievich
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the process of mediatization of Orthodoxy. Research on the process of mediatization is a relatively new topic in modern sociology, but it has already become widespread. In the theory focused on the phenomenon of mediatization, several basic theoretical and methodological approaches can be distinguished – cultural, figurative, socio-constructivist and institutional. Studies of the process of mediatization of religion are carried out by sociologists in a separate direction, a large number of studies and publications in foreign scientific discussion are devoted to it. However, in the domestic research field, the number of works devoted to the mediatization of religion is small. There are even fewer of them in relation to the study of Orthodoxy. The purpose of the article is to expand the scope of the concept of mediatization through the application of one of the theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of mediatization – institutional – to the study of state–confessional relations in Russia. The theoretical part of the study is based on the concept of the mediatization of religion by the Danish sociologist Stig Hjarvard. The empirical part was based on materials collected during the implementation of the research project "State and Religion in the Northwest: a sociological analysis", which was conducted on the basis of the RANEPA in 2020 and was aimed at developing and implementing an interdisciplinary methodology for analyzing the religious situation in the Northwestern Federal District. During the content analysis, the author was interested in the speech categories of congratulations on a religious holiday or mention of it. As a result, conclusions are drawn about the nature of the mediatization of Orthodoxy and a characteristic of mediatized Orthodoxy in the media of the authorities is given.
On the proactivity and strategic planning of prosecutorial activities
Authors: Karpysheva Yuliya Olegovna
Published: October 2024

The object of this study is a set of public relations that arise during the planning and implementation of prosecutorial activities. The subject of the study was the possibility of applying to the prosecutor's activities the features inherent in proactivity as a quality inherent in managerial functions. The purpose of the study was to study the features of the organization of proactive activities of the prosecutor. The choice of the object of the study is due to the recently increasing role of the work of state and municipal bodies "ahead of the curve", which is largely ensured by the strategic planning of their activities. At the same time, despite the fact that many scientific papers have already been devoted to proactivity in various spheres of public relations, the specifics of applying this term to the Prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation have not yet found sufficient coverage. The methodological basis of this study was the general dialectical method of scientific cognition, which is universal in nature, as well as methods of logical deduction, induction, cognitive methods and techniques of observation, comparison, analysis, generalization and description. Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that such activities of the prosecutor can be considered proactive, which is aimed not only at eliminating the detected violations of the law, compensating for the damage and bringing the perpetrators to the responsibility established by law, but also at preventing possible violations in the future by responding, among other things, to the causes and conditions that contributed to the occurrence of detected violations. In addition, the proactive activity of the prosecutor should be based on the principles of strategic planning, which must be used when organizing work in certain areas. In strategic planning, goals are set and the prosecutor achieve it in the supervised territory in a certain area of public relations, as well as a number of tasks and a list of activities are developed, the solution and implementation of which will achieve the set goals. At the same time, it is important that achieving the set goals and solving the tasks necessary for this is feasible for a particular prosecutor, taking into account his competence and the specifics of the supervised territory.
How to control an official? Personnel supervision in China (political aspect)
Authors: Lu Xiao , Seltser Dmitrii Grigorievich
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the article is to determine the place of party supervision in the general course of political control of managerial personnel in the People's Republic of China. In the system of political control of personnel (selection, recruiting, upbringing, education, training, retraining, encouragement, punishment), supervision is the main political function of ensuring the quality and loyalty of a party and state official. The study is based on a wide range of documents of the CPC Central Committee and its supervisory bodies. As a result of the analysis, the authors find the origins of the Chinese surveillance scheme in the control systems “from above” (Yu Shi) and “from below” (Denwengu), but tend to talk about them more as archetypes, philosophy and political tasks of the top management class of the PRC. The authors see the substantial basis of supervision in a set of utilitarian forms of strategic and everyday attention to the work ethic, moral character and political dedication of an official. The authors' conclusions can be expressed as follows: party supervision is above the law; internal party control extends to all spheres of the life of the state and society; the “self-revolution of the party” presupposes its consistent significant improvement. Under Xi Jinping, there have been three major changes in China's surveillance system. Firstly, they are standardized: a) public discourse with the formation of an atmosphere of absolute intolerance to violations in society; b) internal documents of the CPC, extremely harsh against officials; c) legislation that prevents corruption. Secondly, the lifelong responsibility of an official for violations and crimes committed in the course of public service has been introduced (the statute of limitations has been abolished). Thirdly, the policy on corruption has been clarified – an extensive and multi-stage early warning system has been created.
Repatriation and support of compatriots abroad: the experience of the Republic of Hungary
Authors: Nesterchuk Ol'ga Alekseevna , Dubrovina Ol'ga Vasil'evna
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is one of the directions of the state's migration policy related to the repatriation of compatriots. Repatriation as a separate area of migration management requires the development of separate approaches and practices aimed at solving strategic tasks of the state's migration policy. The subject of the study is the policy of repatriation in Hungary at the present stage, which is considered within the framework of solving such tasks as one of the conditions for solving demographic problems, as well as preserving national identity. Within the framework of the domestic political track, the return of compatriots is considered as one of the structural elements of electoral support for the ruling Fidesz party. At the same time, support for ethnic Hungarians living in other countries is considered an essential element of foreign policy. The study provides a number of statistical indicators to assess the quantitative indicators of resettlement policy.  In order to objectively analyze the Hungarian resettlement policy and support compatriots abroad, an institutional method was used, which allowed us to consider the participation of government institutions and public organizations in this process, as well as a formal legal method, the application of which is justified by a detailed analysis of Hungarian national legislation in this area. The main results of the study allow us to state a fairly high level of effectiveness of the Hungarian repatriation practice, as well as existing programs to support compatriots abroad, primarily within the framework of the cultural and humanitarian component of foreign policy. It can be argued that the practices of repatriation and support of compatriots abroad implemented in modern Hungary have a positive impact on solving problems in the field of demography and preserving the Hungarian identity of a mono-national state. It should also be noted that for the political authorities of modern Hungary, the support of repatriates and compatriots abroad is an essential element of electoral support, and therefore it is under special control. The considered repatriation practices may also be of some interest for the policy of voluntary resettlement of compatriots to the Russian Federation
Ideal traces as an element of the forensic characteristics of "Your relative got into trouble" frauds
Authors: Revenko Natal'ya Ivanovna
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the ideal traces formed when committing frauds against the elderly, using the method of providing false information by phone that their close relative or acquaintance was in a traffic accident and needed help. The mechanism of formation of traces for this type of fraud depends on the method of its commission in modern conditions, when fraudsters remotely convince victims to transfer money through a courier. When committing these crimes, a set of ideal traces is formed, which in criminology include the testimony of victims, witnesses, suspects, and accused. The investigator's knowledge of the typical features of the ideal traces of the type of crime under consideration will allow to establish the mechanism of committing a criminal act, identify the circle of witnesses to the crime, determine the list of investigative actions aimed at collecting evidence. Research methods: the research is based on comparative legal, formal legal, systemic structural and specific sociological methods. The analysis of the materials of criminal cases allowed us to conclude about a certain set of ideal traces formed during the commission of the type of fraud in question. At the initial stage of the investigation, the testimony of the victims, who provide complete information about the event of the crime, is of great importance. The paper provides the author's justification for the conditions of presentation for the identification of a suspect by voice. Among the close relatives or acquaintances of the victim, three groups of witnesses have been identified who should be questioned during the investigation of the type of crimes in question. These include persons whose name the fraudsters presented themselves to; persons to whom the victim reported the incident and persons who are eyewitness. The ideal traces for this category of fraud include the testimony of suspected couriers, who, as a rule, plead guilty and give confessions. The testimony of other persons who contacted the courier and have information about the crime event is also important.
Financial Legal Aspects of Legal Regulation of Digital Currency Circulation
Authors: Andrianova Natalia Gennadievna
Published: October 2024

In the context of unprecedented sanctions pressure on the Russian Federation, there is an increasing need to search for alternative tools for making settlements on cross-border payments outside the banking system. In this regard, the issue of detailing the procedure for legal regulation of the circulation of digital currencies in the Russian Federation becomes relevant. In the article, the author analyzes the latest legislative changes in terms of legal regulation of digital currency mining, proposed in the Federal Law of 08.08.2024 No 221-FZ "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation". In the article the existing doctrinal approaches to the definition of the concept of "mining" of digital currency and proposed approaches to the legal regulation of entities that can carry out operations in the field of digital currency mining and the main requirements for them are analyzed. As a result of the study, a positive assessment of the changes made to the legislation, which initiated the process of legal regulation of the circulation of digital currencies, was made, but it was established that at the moment the process of exchanging digital currencies for fiat money and the process of transferring digital currencies from one person to another still remains outside the framework of legal regulation. In order to protect the rights and legitimate interests of persons carrying out transactions of the exchange of digital currencies for fiat money and the transfer of digital currencies from one person to another, it seems necessary to expand the range of subjects in the field of digital currency circulation by including a new subject – the operator of the exchange of digital currencies. It is proposed to add a new subject in the Federal Law of 31.07.2020 No 259-FZ.
The formation of patriotic entrepreneurship and the institutionalization of interaction between government and business in Russia in 1992-2022.
Authors: Barannikov Denis Igorevich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the research is patriotic entrepreneurship in Russia as a historical and political phenomenon: its formation in the process of institutionalization of relations between government and business in Russia in 1992-2022, as well as its role and place in the domestic political system. The stages of formation of patriotic entrepreneurship in the framework of the process of transformation of interaction between government and business in Russia in 1992-2022, its significance in the Russian political system are shown. When identifying the periods, the institutional and event contexts were taken into account: the domestic policy of the Russian Federation in its institutional aspect, as well as international events and nuances of domestic foreign policy that influenced the transformation of the political system of Russia and the openness of foreign markets for domestic businessmen. The dialectical method, methods of institutional and event analysis are used to identify the features of the transformation of institutions of interaction between government and business in 1992-2022. On this basis, the author's periodization is substantiated, showing the stages of the formation of patriotic entrepreneurship (the periodization method), which is compared with existing periodizations of the institutionalization of interaction between government and business in Russia (the comparative analysis method). The novelty lies in the fact that the formation of patriotic entrepreneurship in Russia is considered in the historical and political science context and the periodization of its formation in the process of institutionalization of interaction between the authorities and business and stabilization of the political system is substantiated. It is shown that in 1992-2022 the political institutionalization of interaction between the authorities and business went through four stages. The time of formation of patriotic business began in 2003, i.e. starting from the second stage and “equal distance of oligarchs from power”.