bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LNbO3 integrated optics for squeezing generation and manipulation
Authors: Melalkia M. , Brunel L. , Mondain F. , Lunghi T. , Doutre F. , Zavatta A. , Tanzilli S. , Etesse J. , D’Auria V.
Published: November 2021

The talk will discuss the potentiality of quantum photonics on Lithium Niobate for the development of integrated circuits for continuous variables quantum optics. On-chip squeezing generation, detection and manipulation will be discussed.
Two-photon multi-partite d-level cluster states and witness operators for their practical entanglement detection
Authors: Sciara Stefania , Reimer Christian , Roztocki Piotr , Moss David J. , Caspani Lucia , Munro William J. , Kues Michael , Morandotti Roberto
Published: November 2021

We generate a multi-partite d-level cluster state via two photons simultaneously entangled in time and frequency, and validate its entanglement by developing witness operators that enable the practical detection of any complex photon state.
Towards Electrically-Pumped Monolithic InP-Based Topological Lasers
Authors: You Weicheng , Arafin Shamsul
Published: November 2021

We report the design and process development efforts made towards realizing electrically-pumped InP-based topological lasers. Preliminary data on optically-pumped structures reported here serve as the stepping-stone for achieving this new class of lasers.
Photoinduced Temperature Conversion Film Based on Aluminum Black Absorber and Mechanism Study
Authors: Zhao Tianze , Gao Yanze , Li Zhuo , Wang Xin
Published: November 2021

An aggregation model is proposed to associate aluminum black’s nanostructure with conversion ability of light-temperature. FDTD method was used for optical and thermal simulation. Sample achieved 404.8K illuminated by laser of 3.21W/cm2.
Optical properties and UV Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence activity of thin Ag-In films
Authors: Todorov Rosen , Hristova-Vasileva Temenuga , Katrova Vesela , Atanasova Anna
Published: November 2021

The paper presents investigation of plasmonic activity of thin Ag100-xInx films for 25≤x≤67 at.% In and possibility for their application as active materials in the surface enhancement fluorescence measurements in the ultraviolet spectral range.
Femtosecond nonlinear optical properties of -conjugated diketopyrrolopyrrole substituted porphyrin molecules
Authors: Biswas Chinmoy , Rao S. Venugopal , Raavi Sai Santosh Kumar
Published: November 2021

The ultrafast NLO properties of diketopyrrolopyrrole substituted zinc (II) porphyrin molecules are presented here. Intensity-dependent z-scan measurements presenting RSA followed by SA, were analysed using a phenomenological model based on two-photon absorptions.
Diffractive optical coupling elements for microresonators
Authors: Behrens Arne , Bosch Martí , Fesser Patrick , Hentschel Martina , Sinzinger Stefan
Published: November 2021

Coupling is a core challenge when working with whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators. We present a novel coupling concept by integrating diffractive elements into the optimized resonator design using microfabrication tools to enable free-space coupling.
Comparative study of PEALD-deposited and sputtered AlN’s optical properties for mid-infrared wavelengths
Authors: Beliaev Leonid Yu. , Shkondin Evgeniy , Lavrinenko Andrei V. , Takayama Osamu
Published: November 2021

We present a comparative study of the influence o f t he d eposition method (reactive sputtering and plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition) and film thickness (from 66 nm to 303 nm) on the AlN’s dielectric function.
Table-top high-resolution ptychographic EUV imaging
Authors: Eschen W. , Loetgering L. , Schuster V. , Klas R. , Limpert J. , Rothhardt J.
Published: November 2021

Nanoscale imaging at 13.5 nm provides ideal opportunities for ‘at wavelength’ metrology. We present a setup and the latest results on lensless ptychographic imaging at 92 eV achieving sub 30 nm resolution.
Tomography and Radiographic Imaging using Accelerated Muon Beam
Authors: Otani M. , Miyadera H. , Shiba T.
Published: November 2021

Muons have been utilized to see through large structures such as the pyramids. The accelerated muons can have high intensity and monochromatic energy, allowing for better resolution imaging in less time.
Needle-based deep-neural-network imaging method
Authors: Guo Ruipeng , Nelson Soren , Mitra Ekata , Menon Rajesh
Published: November 2021

With a U-net architecture, we experimentally demonstrate the potential of 3D imaging using computational cannula microscopy. In addition, we build a camera based on cannula, which achieves a large effective demagnification of 127× with DNN.
Lensless sensing using the event sensor
Authors: Ge Zhou , Zeng Tianjiao , Lam Edmund Y.
Published: November 2021

We present an efficient sensing technique using the event sensor. Without the use of any lens element, our method is compact and low-cost to evaluate dynamic levels from the pixel-wise asynchronous event streams.
Intensity-Corrected Light-in-Flight Imaging
Authors: Morland Imogen , Zhu Feng , Mora German , Gyongy Istvan , Leach Jonathan
Published: November 2021

Light-in-flight imaging measures light’s path as it propagates. In this work we perform 4D intensity-corrected light-in-flight imaging by compensating for the relativistic and intensity effects observed by the camera.
Single crystal monolithic upconverter solar cell device tandems with integrated optics
Authors: Arnaoutakis Georgios E. , Favilla Elena , Tonelli Mauro , Richards Bryce S.
Published: November 2021

Solar photons possessing energy less than the bandgap of a single-junction solar cell can be utilized via the upconversion (UC) of two or more photons, resulting in the emission of a single above-bandgap photon. Due to the non-linear nature of UC, highly concentrated light is required, which is typically much greater than the practical concentration limits of a solar cell. It has been proposed that concentrating upconversion solar cells (UC-SC) with optical elements integrated into the device could help realize the high solar irradiance required. To avoid scattering problems arising from common UC materials based on micro-crystalline powders, in this work, concentrators are investigated with mono-crystalline upconverters in silicon-based tandem devices. An external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 6% with 1493 nm infrared illumination at

876

W

/

m

2

was obtained in upconverter device with concave integrated optics. At an irradiance higher than

90

W

/

m

2

(equivalent to

2.95

×

in the 1450–1600 nm range), the non-concentrating UC-SC exhibited 1

.

5

×

higher EQE than the UC-SC with a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC), while below

90

W

/

m

2

the CPC UC-SC exhibited

1.95

×

higher EQE than the non-concentrating reference device. Due to the negligible scattering of the UC layer, the distribution of localized irradiance is revealed along with its effect on the performance of devices. It is found that irradiance is accumulated within the first 1 mm of the UC layer with peaks at variable depths according to the concentrating scheme. These results suggest ample space for improved UC devices by using integrated optics.
Sensitivity enhancement of a plasmonic biosensor for urine glucose detection by employing black phosphorous
Authors: Yadav Archana , Kumar Anil , Sharan Preeta
Published: November 2021

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, optimized structure is proposed to enhance the sensitivity of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensor for urine glucose detection by adding a few layers of black phosphorous (BP) (two-dimensional material) over the zinc oxide (ZnO) sandwiched in between gold (Au) and silver (Ag) bimetallic layers. Results show that with an optimized thickness of 42 nm/Au, 12 nm/ZnO, .05 nm/Ag, and 2.65 nm/BP, the sensitivity of 289°/RIU can be achieved at a 633 nm operating wavelength. This is enhanced up to 1.5 times from the conventional biosensor. It is further enhanced up to 3 times with the addition of five numbers of BP sheet layers (each sheet has a thickness of 0.53 nm) over the Au/ZnO/Ag layers, as BP possesses a high absorption coefficient at the incident wavelength of 633 nm. This biosensor is rather efficient at responding to the minute change of 0.001 in the refractive index of urine samples for non-diabetic persons (0–15 mg/dL) and diabetic persons (0.625 gm/dL, 1.25 gm/dL, 2.5 gm/dL, 5 gm/dL, and 10 gm/dL) with the corresponding refractive indices of 1.335, 1.336, 1.337, 1.338, 1.341, and 1.347. It provides significant resonance shift and higher sensitivity in terms of changes in the resonance angle shift. This proposed work has the potential to detect glucose concentration levels with higher accuracy and with faster sensor responses.
Diagnosing Transient Behavior during Channel Add/Drop by Real-Time Performance Monitoring
Authors: Jiang Zhiping , Wang Simin
Published: November 2021

We demonstrate the application of millisecond scale, receiver DSP-based performance monitoring capabilities, such as OSNR, fiber nonlinearity, BER, and power monitoring, in understanding the transient behavior during channel add/drop scenarios.
Analysis of Burst Mode Reception in 100 Gbit/s Coherent Passive Optical Networks
Authors: Adib Md Mosaddek Hossain , Füllner Christoph , Schwarzenberger Adrian , Koos Christian , Freude Wolfgang , Randel Sebastian
Published: November 2021

We analyze the impact of clipping and quantization errors in a burst-mode coherent PON receiver. At an ENOB of about 5 bit, we achieve a dynamic range of 20 dB without any adaptive gain control.
Multiband Optical Transport: a Cost-Effective and Seamless Increase of Network Capacity
Authors: Curri Vittorio
Published: November 2021

We discuss on the deployment of WDM optical transport on low-loss C+L+S+E bands available in installed G.652.D fibers. We comment on dominant multiband transmission effects requiring multiband power-control and on the additional networking capacity.
High-Speed Long-Distance Unrepeatered Transmission
Authors: Ionescu M. , Arnould A. , Bissessur H. , Renaudier J.
Published: November 2021

Multiple technological breakthroughs have historically provided significant improvements in transmission capacity and reach for unrepeatered systems. Ultra-wideband 100 nm SOA is a new candidate to enable further system capacity growth.
Petabit-class Optical Networks and Switching Technologies
Authors: Furukawa Hideaki
Published: November 2021

A spatial division multiplexing based hierarchical optical switching testbed to enable add/drop/express operations for optical signals with 1 Pb/s capacity is presented. This is a major step toward petabit-class backbone optical networks.
Experimental Demonstration of Ultrawide Bandwidth-Range Optical Channel Provisioning Using SDM/WDM Hierarchical Optical Cross-Connect
Authors: Urashima Itsuki , Ishikawa Tsubasa , Uchida Yudai , Kodama Takahiro , Jinno Masahiko
Published: November 2021

We show ultrawide-bandwidth-range (100 Gb/s to 38.4 Tb/s) optical channel provisioning in a spatial channel network testbed using a hierarchical optical cross-connect demonstrator based on newly developed core selective switches.
Perovskite Based Hyperbolic Metamaterials: Supercollimation in the Visible by Tailoring the Permittivity Properties
Authors: Basak Supratim , Bar-On Ofer , Scheuer Jacob
Published: November 2021

Hyperbolic metamaterials exhibiting direct-transition from type-I to type-II in the mid- visible region are realized for the first time. They are characterized using angle resolved transmission and reflection measurements, exhibiting supercollimation effect at 589 nm.
Dielectric Fourier Metasurfaces for Wide-Angle Reconfigurable Anomalous Refraction
Authors: Antonov Alexander A. , Gorkunov Maxim V.
Published: November 2021

We theoretically explore metasurfaces based on high-index dielectric films with smooth periodic relief and demonstrate their capability of efficient wide-angle light deflection which is also reconfigurable by subtle inclination of the incident beam.
Engineering Optical Materials Using Focused Ion Beams
Authors: Mei Hongyan , Koch Alexander , Wan Chenghao , Salman Jad , Rensberg Jura , Zhang Zhen , Hafermann Martin , Wambold Raymond , Ramanathan Shriram , Ronning Carsten , Kats Mikhail A.
Published: November 2021

We demonstrate modulation of the carrier concentration in zinc oxide and the phase-transition characteristics of vanadium dioxide using a commercial focused ion beam system, providing a simple and broadly applicable route towards reconfigurable infrared optics.
Evolutionary Optics: How Mantis Shrimps Enhance Photoreception and Signaling Effectiveness
Authors: Cronin Thomas W.
Published: November 2021

Mantis shrimps (stomatopod crustaceans) have evolved numerous adaptations in their photoreceptors and in body structures used to produce visual signals. Novel optical structures exist at microscales and nanoscales, often operating by previously unknown optical mechanisms.
Reflectin’s Finely Tunable, Impedance-Matched, Amplifying Biophotonic System
Authors: Morse Daniel E.
Published: November 2021

An integrated system of reflectin proteins and surrounding membranes enables finely tunable photonic camouflage and communication in squids. The mechanism of this system’s tunability in Bragg reflectors and Mie scatterers is presented.
Comparison of Noise Characteristics of InAs/InP Quantum Dash and Quantum Well Mode-locked Lasers
Authors: Liu Guocheng , Poole Philip J. , Lu Zhenguo , Liu Jiaren , Mao Youxin , Barrios Pedro , Vachon Martin
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the comparison of noise properties of an InAs/InP quantum dash (QDash) and quantum well (QW) mode-locked lasers. By comparing their relative intensity noise and phase noise values, we demonstrate that QDash lasers have superior performance for optical transmission.
Heteroepitaxy of GaAsP and ZnSe on OP-GaAs Templates - a Reasonable Solution for Frequency Conversion in MLWIR
Authors: Tassev Vladimir L. , Vangala Shivashankar R.
Published: November 2021

Some promising nonlinear optical materials such as GaP, GaAsP, ZnSe and GaSe are grown heteroepitaxially on GaAs substrates and on orientation-patterned GaAs templates by Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) for frequency conversion in the MLWIR region.
High energy ultrafast all-fiber laser based on InN-GRIN saturable absorber
Authors: Monroy L. , Esteban Ó. , Monroy E. , González-Herráez M. , Naranjo F. B.
Published: November 2021

A simple, solid, cost-effective GRIN-to-fiber coupling system has been developed by incorporating an InN-based SESAM in a polarization independent ring-cavity EDFL. The assembly delivers stable high-power (70 kW) ultrashort pulses (90 fs) at the laser output.
Towards telecom-compatible liquid-core fibers for low-power nonlinear signal processing
Authors: Chemnitz Mario , Perron Nicolas , Fischer Bennet , Junaid Saher , Schmidt Markus A. , Morandotti Roberto
Published: November 2021

We highlight the potential of liquid-core fibers as nonlinear devices for telecom applications featuring low-coupling losses, full fiber-system connectivity, and picojoule pump energy requirements, here experimentally demonstrated by soliton-self frequency shifts and all-optical phase modulation.
Multiplexed PSF engineering - photon-efficient simultaneous multicolor 3D particle tracking
Authors: Opatovski Nadav , Ezra Yael Shalev , Weiss Lucien E. , Ferdman Boris , Orange Reut , Shechtman Yoav
Published: November 2021

We demonstrate photon-efficient, multicolor, large FOV 3D localization microscopy with high spatiotemporal resolution by multiplexing spectrally-defined, single-channel PSFs. This is accomplished by encoding spectral and 3D information into the PSFs.
Improved Microscopy With Ultraviolet Surface Excitation (MUSE) Using High-Index Immersion Illumination
Authors: Ching-Roa Vincent , Huang Chi , Giacomelli Michael
Published: November 2021

We characterize a high-index immersion illumination dipping cap providing improved resolution by refracting light at the tissue interface. We show improved resolution and contrast with deconvolution and focal stacking for high-throughput microscopy.
High speed imaging of calcium dynamics in cardiomyocytes with a flexible light-sheet fluorescence microscope
Authors: Dvinskikh Liuba , Sparks Hugh , Gorelik Julia , Harding Sian , MacLeod Ken , Dunsby Chris
Published: November 2021

Flexible dual-channel inverted light sheet fluorescence microscopy enables high speed 2D imaging and quantitative analysis of calcium sparks and transients in cardiomyocytes and 3D remote refocused imaging of calcium dynamics in stem cell derived cardiomyocytes.
Excitation Polarization Resolved Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy Through a Multimode Optical Fiber
Authors: Cifuentes Angel , Trägårdh Johanna , Pikálek Tomáš , Ondráčková Petra , Amezcua-Correa Rodrigo , Antonio-Lopez José Enrique , Čižmár Tomáš
Published: November 2021

Wavefront shaping has made minimal footprint micro-endoscopes possible by focusing of a tight spot at a multimode optical fiber’s (MMF) tip. Here we show polarization resolved second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy through a MMF.
Collagen in Lentiginous Melanoma Characterized with Polarimetric Second-Harmonic Generation Microscopy
Authors: Riauka Martynas , Mazeika Viktoras , Maciulis Mykolas , Zurauskas Edvardas , Kontenis Lukas , Barzda Virginijus
Published: November 2021

Polarimetric second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy analysis of cancerous and normal tissues revealed the differences in SHG intensity, achiral susceptibility ratio and fiber orientation distribution suggesting an altered collagen structure.
Phase-Sensitive Characterization of Dynamics in Biofilms in Response to Chemical Cues
Authors: Choi Honggu , Zaki Farzana , Won Jungeun , Monory Guillermo L. , Boppart Stephen A.
Published: November 2021

Bacterial biofilm shows different dynamics in response to the environment. Three-dimensional phase-sensitive optical sectioning characterizes the dynamics inside of biofilm by the optical texture and the systematic Doppler shift measurements.
Sensorless shift-compensation for microscopy through a multimode optical fibre
Authors: Turcotte Raphaël , Schmidt Carla C. , Emptage Nigel J. , Booth Martin J.
Published: November 2021

We demonstrate the use of sensorless adaptive optics in evaluating the three-dimensional shift between a multimode optical fibre and the wavefront control element in a micro-endoscope for deep brain imaging.
Light-field microscopy with correlated beams
Authors: D’Angelo Milena , Di Lena Francesco , Garuccio Augusto , Pepe Francesco V. , Scagliola Alessio , Scarcelli Giuliano
Published: November 2021

Lightfield imaging is an inspiring modality for high speed volumetric imaging; however, in its conventional implementation, resolution is inherently low. We demonstrate diffraction-limited extended volumetric imaging by a lightfield microscope exploiting spatio-temporal correlations of light.
3D Histology of Tissue using Vibrating Microtome Block- Face Imaging and MUSE Microscopy (3D MUSE)
Authors: Fereidouni Farzad , Wood Laura , Kiemen Ashley , Abraham Tanishq , Wu Pei-Hsun , Wirtz Denis , Levenson Richard
Published: November 2021

We describe 3-dimensional histology of fresh or fixed unimbedded tissue using a vibrating microtome with MUSE (microscopy with UV surface excitation) to acquire block-face images that can be reconstructed into 3-dimensional data sets.
Wireless ultraviolet scattering channel estimation method based on deep learning
Authors: Zhao Taifei , Lv Xinzhe , Zhang Haijun , Zhang Shuang
Published: November 2021

Due to the strong scattering characteristics, there are serious problems of inter-symbol interference (ISI) and transmission attenuation in the none-line-of-sight (NLOS) wireless ultraviolet communication system. In this paper, a wireless ultraviolet scattering channel estimation method based on deep learning is presented. The learning model structure is designed by combining the one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) and the deep neural network (DNN). In the training stage, the network optimization process is improved by the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. The computer simulation results show that the proposed deep learning channel estimation scheme has better mean square error (MSE) performance and bit error rate (BER) performance compared with the traditional algorithms. Furthermore, we verify the stability of this scheme in different communication environments, and the constructed neural network model has good generalization ability.
Ghost imaging with Bayesian denoising method
Authors: Kim Junhyeok , Hwang Jisung , Kim Jinwoo , Ko Kilyoung , Ko Eunbie , Cho Gyuseong
Published: November 2021

We propose a Bayesian denoising method to improve the quality of ghost imaging. The proposed method achieved the highest PSNR and SSIM in both binary and gray-scale targets with fewer measurements. Experimentally, it obtained a reconstructed image of a USAF target where the PSNR and SSIM of the image were up to 12.80 dB and 0.77, respectively, whereas those of traditional ghost images were 7.24 dB and 0.28 with 3000 measurements. Furthermore, it was robust against additive Gaussian noise. Thus, this method could make the ghost imaging technique more feasible as a practical application.
Two-photon grayscale lithography for free-form micro-optical arrays
Authors: Aderneuer Tamara , Fernández Oscar , Ferrini Rolando
Published: November 2021

Compared to standard rotationally symmetric macroscopic optical components, free-form micro-optical arrays (FMOAs), sometimes termed microstructured optical surfaces, offer greater design freedom and a smaller footprint. Hence, they are used in optical devices to deliver new functionalities, enhanced device performance, and/or a greater degree of miniaturization. But their more complex surface shape is a challenge for traditional manufacturing technologies, and this has triggered a substantial effort by research institutes and industry to develop alternative fabrication solutions. Two-photon polymerization (2PP) is a promising additive manufacturing technology to manufacture 3D optical (micro)structures. The manufacturing times involved are, however, often impractically long, especially for the excellent surface quality required for optical applications. Recently, Nanoscribe GmbH has reduced manufacturing times substantially with the introduction of so-called two-photon grayscale lithography (2GL). However, its acceleration potential and consequent impact on surface quality have, to the best of our knowledge, yet to be reported. A direct comparison between 2PP and 2GL indicates that, for the investigated FMOA, 2GL is around five times faster than 2PP and also delivers better surface quality. This study therefore confirms the potential of 2GL to manufacture complexly shaped FMOAs.
Evolution of a dominant light emission mechanism induced by changes of the quantum well width in InGaN/GaN LEDs and LDs
Authors: Pieniak Katarzyna , Trzeciakowski Witold , Muzioł Grzegorz , Kafar Anna , Siekacz Marcin , Skierbiszewski Czesław , Suski Tadeusz
Published: November 2021

We examined electroluminescence from In0.17Ga0.83N/GaN quantum wells (QW) of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and laser diodes (LDs). For increasing QW width we observe transition from electron and hole ground-states recombination to excited states recombination. The effect is accompanied by partial (2.6 nm, 5.2 nm, 7.8 nm QW) or practically complete (10.4 nm QW) screening of the built-in electric field with increasing driving current for both types of emitters. The electric field magnitude was studied using an original high pressure method. The investigations are supported by simulations of the variation with driving current of i) electron and hole wavefunctions overlap affecting the recombination channel, ii) built-in electric field.
Self-healing of a heralded single-photon Airy beam
Authors: Li Zhi-Xiang , Ruan Ya-Ping , Tang Jie , Liu Yuan , Liu Jian-Ji , Tang Jiang-Shan , Zhang Han , Xia Ke-Yu , Lu Yan-Qing
Published: November 2021

Self-healing of an Airy beam during propagation is of fundamental interest and also promises important applications. Despite many studies of Airy beams in the quantum regime, it is unclear whether an Airy beam only including a single photon can heal after passing an obstacle because the photon may be blocked. Here we experimentally observe self-healing of a heralded single-photon Airy beam. Our observation implies that an Airy wave packet is robust against obstacle caused distortion and can restore even at the single-photon level.
1.9 µm all-optical wavelength converter based on a graphene oxide coated microfiber
Authors: Du Lei , Ding Xiaobo , Han Dongdong , Sui Lu , Tao Zonghui , Ma Wanzhuo , Tianshu Wang , Wang Yanbo
Published: November 2021

An all-optical wavelength converter based on graphene oxide (GO) is proposed at the 1.9 µm band. The homemade GO-coated microfiber is acquired through the optical deposition method, which shows a remarkable nonlinear optical response. Stable conversion efficiency up to −45.52 dB is obtained with 1 nm wavelength interval, and the wavelength tuning range can reach 6 nm (1969-1975 nm). With fixed wavelength interval, the conversion efficiency can increase with the increase of pump power. Simultaneously, the fluctuation of conversion efficiency is ±0.41 dB within 2 hours. The demonstrated all-optical wavelength converter based on GO can play an outstanding role in the future of all-optical communications and networks.
Guided mode meta-optics: metasurface-dressed waveguides for arbitrary mode couplers and on-chip OAM emitters with a configurable topological charge
Authors: He Tiantian , Meng Yuan , Liu Zhoutian , Hu Futai , Wang Rui , Li Dan , Yan Ping , Liu Qiang , Gong Mali , Xiao Qirong
Published: November 2021

Metasurface has achieved fruitful results in tailoring optical fields in free space. However, a systematic investigation on applying meta-optics to completely control waveguide modes is still elusive. Here we present a comprehensive catalog to selectively and exclusively couple free space light into arbitrary high-order waveguide modes of interest, leveraging silicon metasurface-patterned silicon nitride waveguides. By simultaneously engineering the matched phase gradient of the nanoantennas and the vectorial spatial modal overlap between the antenna near-field and target waveguide mode profile, either single or multiple high-order modes are successfully launched with high purity reaching 98%. Moreover, on-chip twisted light generators are theoretically proposed with configurable OAM topological charge ℓ from −3 to +2. This work may serve as a comprehensive framework for guided mode meta-optics and motivates further applications such as versatile integrated couplers, multiplexers, and mode-division multiplexing-based communication systems.
Enabling Technology for 9.5-dB SNR Enhancement Utilizing Four-Wave Mixing Between a Conjugate Pair of Angle Modulation for Analog Radio-over-Fiber Links
Authors: Ishimura Shota , Takahashi Hidenori , Tsuritani Takehiro , Suzuki Masatoshi
Published: November 2021

We demonstrate a new application of four-wave mixing which enhances the SNR of angle-modulated RoF signals by 9.5 dB. We experimentally confirmed that the method produced an 8.8-dB enhancement and demonstrated a 400-MHz 1024-QAM transmission.
Experimental Demonstration of XOR Separation by On-chip Training a Linear Silicon Photonic Circuit
Authors: Cong Guangwei , Yamamoto Noritsugu , Inoue Takashi , Maegami Yuriko , Ohno Morifumi , Kita Shota , Namiki Shu , Yamada Koji
Published: November 2021

We experimentally demonstrate XOR separation, a classical linearly inseparable problem, by on-chip training linear silicon photonic circuits that we proposed in OFC2020. This device implements nonlinear-projection-linear-separation principle and can perform classification tasks in machine learning.
Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Network-wide QoT Estimation
Authors: Safari Pooyan , Shariati Behnam , Bergk Geronimo , Fischer Johannes Karl
Published: November 2021

We propose a novel Deep Convolutional Neural Network formulation for network-wide QoT classification tasks and show its effectiveness for networks with significant topological differences. Our formulation achieves ~99% accuracy on large and diverse test datasets.
Generalized Soft Failure Identification enabled by Digital Residual Spectrum and Autoencoder
Authors: Sun Kaixuan , Yu Zhenming , Shu Liang , Wan Zhiquan , Xu Kun
Published: November 2021

We propose a highly generalized soft failure identification model based on digital residual spectrum and autoencoder. In case of random fluctuation, it could reach identification accuracy of more than 97.61% for five different transmission distances.
Co-generated dual-comb spectroscopy based on fiber interrogated graphene-silica microresonator for individual gas molecule detection
Authors: Yuan Zhongye , Tan Teng , Yao Baicheng , An Ning , Zhou Siyu , Xiahou Hao , Peng Bo , Rao Yunjiang
Published: November 2021

Kerr-Raman frequency combs are co-generated in a graphene enhanced silica microsphere resonator. By using the intracavity dual-comb spectroscopy, we demonstrate a sensor platform to detect gas molecules with fast response and individual molecule sensitivity.
Adaptive Gauge Length Method to Avoid Fading Effect for Phase-sensitive OTDR
Authors: Yamashiro Naoki , Kanda Yoshihiro , Murai Hitoshi , Sasaki Hironori
Published: November 2021

An adaptive gauge length method is proposed to effectively eliminate fading effect in phase-sensitive OTDR without complex system configuration. This method enables us to design phase-sensitive OTDR affected by fading only once every 100 years.
Production of ZBLAN Optical Fiber in Microgravity
Authors: Tucker Dennis S. , SanSoucie Michael
Published: November 2021

Microgravity reduces crystallization of ZBLAN in microgravity which will make for a lower optical fiber. Relevant data from previous studies and further look at present studies concentrating on electrostatic levitation of ZBLAN which will help elucidate the mechanism for reduction o crystallization.
Study of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering-Initiated Noise in Distributed Brillouin Sensing
Authors: Kadum Jaffar Emad , Feng Cheng , Schneider Thomas
Published: November 2021

Stimulated Brillouin scattering-initiated noise (SBIN) in Brillouin optical time domain analyzers (BOTDA) is investigated in gain and loss BOTDA. The results reveal that the Loss- BOTDA has lower SBIN and is less sensitive to the power variation.
Low-noise Distributed Acoustic Sensing using Ultra-low- loss, Enhanced-backscatter Fiber
Authors: Redding Brandon , Murray Matthew J. , Donko Andrei , Beresna Martynas , Masoudi Ali , Brambilla Gilberto
Published: November 2021

We present a distributed acoustic sensor using micro-machined fiber with localized reflectors. The enhanced reflectors enable a phase noise of −91.5 dB (re rad2/Hz), 20 dB below the noise achieved using the Rayleigh backscattered light.
Foot Type Recognition with Multiplexed Optical Fiber Macro-Bend Sensors
Authors: Lugarini Diogo , Girão Natália Soares , de Arruda Lúcia Valéria Ramos , Fabris José Luís , Muller Marcia
Published: November 2021

The tactile sensing system contains six in-series sensors distributed in order to monitor pressures applied in areas that allow the foot type identification. Principal component analysis was used to infer the system performance.
Towards Polarization-Insensitive Coherent Coded Phase OTDR
Authors: Guerrier Sterenn , Dorize Christian , Awwad Elie , Renaudier Jérémie
Published: November 2021

We explore the alternatives for interrogating a fiber sensor from the polarization point of view, and demonstrate a better accuracy with dual polarization probing for coherent phi-OTDR compared with single polarization probing.
Optimal Probing Sequences for Polarization-Multiplexed Coherent Phase OTDR
Authors: Dorize Christian , Awwad Elie , Guerrier Sterenn , Renaudier Jérémie
Published: November 2021

We introduce dual-polarization probing codes based on two circularly shifted frequency sweep signals enabling perfect channel estimation. This is achieved with a probing length equal to at least twice the fiber round-trip propagation time.
One-way Frequency Modulation for Effectively Localizing Brillouin Dynamic Grating by Correlation Domain Technique
Authors: Okawa Youhei , Yamashita Rodorigo K. , Kishi Masato , Hotate Kazuo
Published: November 2021

We measured the distributed reflection spectrum of BDG using the intensity- modulated correlation-domain technique that we proposed recently, and succeeded in detecting the cooled section of 8 cm in the 100 m test fiber.
Single-ended Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis based on far-end modulation
Authors: Gao Xia , Hong Xiaobin , Wang Sheng , Sun Xizi , Guo Hongxiang , Qiu Jifang , Li Yan , Wu Jian , Xiong Liangming , Luo Jie
Published: November 2021

A new single-ended BOTDA technique based on far-end modulation is proposed and demonstrated. 80-km-long sensing range and 1.8 MHz frequency accuracy are achieved with 2 m spatial resolution.
Intermodal measurements in few-mode fibers with phase- sensitive OTDR
Authors: Markiewicz Krzysztof , Kaczorowski Jakub , Yang Zhisheng , Szostkiewicz Lukasz , Dominguez-Lopez Alejandro , Napierała Marek , Nasiłowski Tomasz , Thévenaz Luc
Published: November 2021

We experimentally verify the possibility of measuring the difference in effective refractive index between higher-order-modes using a phase-sensitive OTDR, indicating that it is possible to measure the average difference over long fiber spans.
Combined Effect of Multi-Reflection and Spectral Shadowing Crosstalk in Phase-OTDR System Using Fiber Bragg Grating Array
Authors: Kocal Ertunga B. , Yüksel Kivilcim , Wuilpart Marc
Published: November 2021

The multi-reflection crosstalk when combined with the spectral-shadowing effect has been shown to make the interpretation of spectral analysis more difficult in Phase-OTDR sensing system based on weak fiber Bragg grating array.
High spatial resolution distributed and dynamic strain sensing using direct detection
Authors: Zhang Li , Davidi Roy , Yang Zhisheng , Thevenáz Luc , Tur Moshe
Published: November 2021

A distributed dynamic strain sensing system based on frequency-scanned phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry is proposed and demonstrated. It demonstrates a record spatial resolution of 20 cm, compared with other direct-detection dynamic strain sensing systems.
Spatial resolution of BOCDR based on frequency modulation by arbitrary-shaped waveforms
Authors: Noda Kohei , Lee Heeyoung , Mizuno Yosuke , Nakamura Kentaro
Published: November 2021

We analyze the operation of Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry based on arbitrary-waveform modulation of optical frequency. We provide a general expression for spatial resolution, which is proportional to the foot convexity of the beat-power spectrum.
Single shot BOTDA based on optical chirp chain and image denoising
Authors: Zheng Hua , Zhu Tao , Zhang Jingdong
Published: November 2021

We propose a single shot BOTDA based on optical chirp chain and image denoising. By employing polarization diversity and image denoising technique, the need of trace averaging is avoided. Single shot measurement of temperature over 10 km single mode fiber is achieved. The spatial resolution and BFS uncertainty are 6 m and 2 MHz respectively.
Wavelength Multiplexed Sub-Nano-Strain Resolution Optical Fiber Strain Sensor Array
Authors: Wu Feisheng , Chen Jiageng , Liu Qingwen , Zhao Shuangxiang , Xu Bingxin , He Zuyuan
Published: November 2021

We present a wavelength multiplexed demodulation scheme for high resolution FBG Fabry-Perot interferometer strain sensors. Four sensors with resolution better than 1 nε under sampling rate of 160 samples/s sharing one demodulation system is demonstrated.
Monitoring of an high temperature superconductor magnet by means of OFDR
Authors: Marcon Leonardo , Castaldo Bernardo , Van Nugteren Jeroen , Chiuchiolo Antonella , Bajas Hugues , Kirby Glyn , Galtarossa Andrea , Bajko Marta , Palmieri Luca
Published: November 2021

The cool-down and powering of a high temperature superconductor mag- net have been monitored by means of optical frequency domain reflectometry. The optical fibers have been integrated in the structure to sense thermal perturbations and deformations.
Watershed Algorithm Based Automatic Spatio-Temporal Event Localization on Fiber Optic Sensor Data for Railway Domain Applications
Authors: Hamadi Abdelkader , Montarsolo Emma , Kabalan Ali , Garbini Gabriel Papaiz , Hammi Tarik
Published: November 2021

This article introduces a two-step method for automatic spatio-temporal events localization, in railway environment based on Optical DAS system. A preprocessing is applied to remove unnecessary information. Then, the watershed algorithm is used to locate and delimit the events. This allows to filter the data to treat which could then be pushed to a machine learning system for events recognition.
Quasi-Distributed Spectroscopic Gas Sensing Based On Coherence-Multiplexed FMCW Interferometry
Authors: Lou Xiutao , Feng Yabo , Chen Chen , Dong Yongkang
Published: November 2021

We present an innovative spectroscopic method based on coherence-multiplexed optical FMCW interferometry that can realize quasi-distributed gas detection over a long distance >10 km. Quasi-distributed acetylene gas sensing is experimentally demonstrated.
Long range φ-OTDR based on full wave rectification and Raman amplification
Authors: Huang Jingsheng , Zhang Jingdong , Sun Xuefei , Wen Jianfeng , Zhu Tao
Published: November 2021

Full wave rectification and Raman amplification are used to improve the SNR and reduce the computer cost of the coherent detection φ-OTDR. Experimental results show vibration intensity detection over 50km can be achieved.
Micronewton force sensor with tapered silica optical fiber
Authors: Godet Adrien , Chrétien Jacques , Huy Kien Phan , Beugnot Jean-Charles
Published: November 2021

MicroNewton point fiber force sensor is demonstrated for the first time, using backscattering Brillouin phenomenon with a tapered silica optical fiber with a subwavelength diameter. The measurements are in good agreement with the theoretical model.
Fiber optic seismometer array based on time-division locking technique for subway intrusion detection
Authors: Huang Wenzhu , Zhang Wentao , Huang Jiantao , Shen Yusong , Luo Yingbo , Su Jinzhu , He Xiaoqing , Huang Wenhui , Li Fang
Published: November 2021

Fiber optic interferometric seismometer array is used for intrusion detection of geological drilling in subway tunnel. The results are given. The time-frequency characteristics of the recorded intrusion signals are analyzed and discussed.
Pulmonary Health Assessment using Fiber Bragg Gratings in a 3D Printed Spirometer
Authors: Nepomuceno Ana Catarina , Pereira Luís , Alberto Nélia , André Paulo , Antunes Paulo , Domingues M. Fátima
Published: November 2021

We present the design and implementation of a FBG based 3D-printed spirometer. The flow-volume curves acquired are consistent with the ones obtained in such medical exams, which renders the proposed solution reliable for these applications.
Oxygen sensing with laser photothermal spectroscopy in a hollow-core optical fiber
Authors: Hong Yingzhen , Bao Haihong , Jin Wei , Ho Hoi Lut , Zhao Yan , Gao Shoufei , Wang Yingying , Wang Pu
Published: November 2021

We report an oxygen sensor based on laser photothermal spectroscopy in a hollow-core fiber with double transmission (i.e., visible and near infrared) bands. With a 4.3-cm-long hollow- core fiber as the gas cell, we demonstrated oxygen detection down to 1800 ppm.
How Light Source Affects to Speckle Pattern in Specklegram System
Authors: Reyes-Gónzalez Luis , Anabitarte-Garćıa Francisco , Rodŕıguez-Cobo Luis , Lomer Mauro , Lopez-Higúera José Miguel
Published: November 2021

This works compares how different light sources affect to the speckle pattern obtained into a specklegram system developed to monitorize pulse.
High-Speed Railway Pantograph Dynamic Performance Monitoring Using Fibre Bragg Grating Sensor System
Authors: Vidakovic Miodrag , Fabian Matthias , Sun Tong , Askill Matthew , Warren Simon , Grattan Kenneth T. V.
Published: November 2021

Overhead-line (OHL) installation errors and infrastructure wear significantly affect efficient current collection in electrified train operation. Optical-fibre based real-time monitoring of the pantograph-OHL interface on a 25 kV powered network is reported.
Fiber-optic biosensors based on tapered two-mode fibers
Authors: Fang Fang , Sun Bing , Zhang Zuxing , Xu Jing , Zhang Lin
Published: November 2021

An ultrasensitive detection of IgG levels can be achieved by exploiting the DTP existed in TTMFs.It was found that the fabricated TTMF device exhibited limits of detection down up to concentrations of 10 fg/mL of IgG.
Radiation-induced effects on UV-written LPGs inscribed in B-Ge doped optical fiber for experiments running at CERN
Authors: Berruti Gaia Maria , Vaiano Patrizio , Quero Giuseppe , Boniello Alessandra , Petagna Paolo , Consales Marco , Cusano Andrea
Published: November 2021

In this contribution, we provide an overview of our recent results concerning the proton radiation-induced effects of a bare Long Period Grating (LPG) inscribed in a B-Ge co-doped optical fiber by means of an excimer laser. Experimental data collected during an extensive irradiation campaign performed at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (with a fluence of 4.4·1015 p∙cm-2) have been combined with numerical simulations in order to estimate the variations of the major parameters affecting the grating response during the high dose proton exposure. A maximal radiation-induced variation of the core effective refractive index of ~1.61·10-4, responsible for a resonance wavelength red shift of ~44 nm, was retrieved at the maximal absorbed dose of 1.16 MGy. At the same time, a relevant decrease of ~0.93·10-4 in the grating refractive index modulation was estimated, leading to a reduction of the resonant dip visibility of ~12 dB. The spectral response of the LPG and the optical fiber parameters were analyzed also during the relaxation phase, showing a partial recovery of the wavelength shift due to a decrease of the core refractive index, without any relevant change in the dip visibility as a consequence of the constant grating modulation.
Electrochemically-enhanced Lossy-Mode Resonance Optical Fiber Sensor for Protein Detection
Authors: Koba Marcin , Lechowicz Katarzyna , Niedziałkowski Paweł , Białobrzeska Wioleta , Burnat Dariusz , Sezemsky Petr , Stranak Vitezslav , Bogdanowicz Robert , Śmietana Mateusz
Published: November 2021

This work discuses an optical fiber lossy-mode resonance-based sensor used for label- free biosensing of protein in optical and electrochemical domains. Thanks to application of electrochemical domain biological receptor was electropolymerized on the sensor’s surface.
Experimental Demonstration of 3-D Curvature Sensing Using Multicore FBG and Distance Measurement based on Two-Photon Absorption Process in Si-APD
Authors: Tanaka Yosuke , Abe Tetsuya
Published: November 2021

Three-dimensional bending measurement is experimentally demonstrated using a multi-core fiber Bragg grating along with a measurement system of distance and reflection spectra based on two-photon absorption process in a silicon avalanche photodiode.
Smart Textile Fabrics Using Weaved Fiber Optic Sensors
Authors: Mendoza Edgar , Porhaska John , Mendoza Sebastian , Andreas Ted , Esterkin Yan , Bazin John , Hill Peter , Theodosiou Antreas , Kalli Kyriacos
Published: November 2021

Our research group at Redondo Optics and support collaborators have been working on developing novel methods for weaving fiber optic sensors within high performance synthetic textile materials used in the manufacturing of “Smart” fabrics. Specifically, our group has investigated and developed automated manufacturing techniques for weaving and braiding glass and plastic optical fiber sensors within the strands and yarns of the produced textiles. The weaved fiber sensors – Microbend & FBGs Strain and Temperature, DCS & DBS Chemical & Biological – and support wearable electronics and power are used to monitor stress, strain, fatigue, load and movement, temperature, pressure, respiration and hearth rates, and body sweat chemical and biological constituents, and to transmit this information in real time to wearable communication devices for global dissemination to key intelligence sources. In the paper we provide on-going results on the use of the DIFOS technology for the global measurement of strain in high performance applications such as supersonic parachute canopies and strength member ropes, to jet fighter arresting gear cables in aircraft carriers.
Passive nano-strain sensor for very remote interrogation
Authors: Aydin Deniz , Hazel Nicole , Barnes Jack A. , Gu Xijia , Loock Hans-Peter
Published: November 2021

A pi(π)-shifted grating has been used as a passive strain sensor to achieve a resolution of 50 nanostrain (nε). The Pound-Drever-Hall frequency locking technique was used to obtain a stable signal at a distance of 50 km, paving the way for remote detection of sound, temperature and pressure at a long distance from sources of electricity.
Temperature compensation of fiber-optic water flow sensor based on laser-heated silicon Fabry-Perot cavity
Authors: Uddin Nezam , Liu Guigen , Sheng Qiwen , Hou Weilin , Han Ming
Published: November 2021

Flow measurement by the hot-wire fiber-optic water flow sensor based on laser-heated silicon Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI) need to compensate the temperature variation of the water. This temperature compensation is required to get the flow speed from a unique calibration irrespective of the initial water temperature. Flow measurement is the wavelength change from the baseline wavelength to the final wavelength due to the laser heating of the silicon FPI and cooling by the flow. Temperature variation of the water will also induce wavelength change in the measurement. This will change the baseline resulting different wavelength shift for different water temperature for a given flow speed. We report a technique to compensate the effect of water temperature change in the flow measurement by using another sensor which will track the temperature of the water. By using the information of the water temperature change, baseline can be defined which will provide unique wavelength change for the flow. Finally, wavelength change corresponding to the flow speed were calibrated using the sensor pair after compensating the water temperature.
Measuring the sub-pico-Newton optical force in a nano-optomechanical system with the pump-probe technique
Authors: Zhang Yu , Fan Pengpeng , Zhuo Linqing , Che Zhen , Li Dongquan , Zhu Wenguo , Zheng Huadan , Tang Jieyuan , Qiu Wentao , Lu Huihui , Luo Yunhan , Guan Heyuan , Zhang Jun , Yu Jianhui , Chen Zhe
Published: November 2021

A sub-pico-Newton repulsive optical force induced by strong coupling of tapered nanofiber (TNF) with a glass substrate is measured using the pump-probe technique in a nano-optomechanical system.
Highly Sensitive Supermode Interferometer for Low Frequency Vibration Monitoring
Authors: Amorebieta Josu , Ortega-Gomez Angel , Durana Gaizka , Antonio-Lopez Enrique , Schülzgen Axel , Zubia Joseba , Amezcua-Correa Rodrigo , Villatoro Joel
Published: November 2021

A compact and highly sensitive interferometric vibration sensor fabricated with two segments of asymmetric multicore fiber rotated 180º with respect to each other is presented. The sensor performs well for frequencies below 1 Hz.
High-Sensitivity Plasmonic Fiber Sensor applying Ag Aperture Arrays on its Endface
Authors: Yang Hongyan
Published: November 2021

The high average sensitivity of 194±6 nm/RIU of the sensor in the sensing range 1.4-1.5 is obtained for the peak wavelength inquiry. The averaged figure of merit of sensor is estimated to be 2.84 RIU-1.
Optoelectronic sensor applied to airflow velocity measurements through cross-correlation technique
Authors: Allil Alexandre , Dutra Fábio , Carvalho Cesar Cosenza , Dante Alex , Allil Regina , Werneck Marcelo Martins
Published: November 2021

This paper presents an optoelectronic-sensor solution characterized by its small dimensions, electromagnetic free interference and fast response time, besides its non-flammable property. It will be installed in the burner line of an oil platform (Flare).