bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peace Education Initiative in Nepal: Redressing the Value of 'Celebrating Diversity'
Authors: Dhungana Raj Kumar
Published: May 2021

In a multicultural society, education can both foster the value of ‘celebrating diversity’ and thereby the social harmony but it can also foster social tensions and fuel conflicts by promoting cultural homogenisation. Using content analysis of education policies, curriculum and textbooks this study examined the way Nepal’s historical education system shifted from monocultural education towards a multicultural peace education approach. This study revealed that, by including the contents that promote multicultural values, the critical peace education initiative contributes to redressing the socio-political tensions that the monocultural education system fuelled historically. However, the local ownership, longer term commitment of the stakeholders, and regular consultations with the representatives of different cultural groups in curricular reform are essential for a successful peace education initiative.
Fotografia ficção
Authors: Barillo Maíra
Published: May 2021

Esse artigo busca investigar as diversas interações entre a fotografia e a performance e performatividade: a tragicidade e ambiguidade como características desse meio de expressão e as dinâmicas de poder envolvidas na criação e exposição de trabalhos fotográficos.
Western Countries: Future of Multiculturalism in Context of Employment
Authors: Klupt M.
Published: May 2021

Will immigrant minorities change the Western world? Two decades ago this question seemed irrelevant as it was expected that the West will change the world in its image. Today, the same question is perceived as rhetorical. The answer is obvious, and the dispute is merely over directions, extent and possible consequences of future changes. The center of this dispute is the multiculturalism – the concept, policy and praxis praising diversity of cultures and denying any of them a vested right to dominate not only in the world at large, but even in a particular country. The assessment of its perspectives presupposes a variety of research approaches in view of its complexity. In the present article only one of them is be used for the analysis focused on the employment of immigrant minorities from the world's South. The viability of such approach is based on two circumstances. Firstly, the employment indexes considered in ethnical context belong to the most important characteristics of ethno-social structure of a society. Secondly, the availability of broad statistical information about employment allows for resting upon empirical data, possibly avoiding a needless bias toward purely theoretical constructions.
Influence of Crisis on Employment and Unemployment
Authors: Goffe N.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the dynamics of the major indicators of labor markets in the major macro-regions of the world, particularly the rates of employment and unemployment. The author analyses the main factors of cross-country variations in reactions of labor markets to the crisis. In the first place, the following indicators are considered: the dynamics of GDP, the industrial composition of the economy, the duration of recession, the labor productivity, the level of rigidity specific to the national labor market’s regulation.
Global Crisis: Disruption of International Security System
Authors: Voronov K.
Published: May 2021

The author examines the global crisis that began in 2008 as a debt one, then transformed into a financial one. Now it is often regarded as a world financial and reproduction (macroeconomic) crisis and causes the most serious concerns. In contrast to the more comprehensive long-term forecasts on fundamental or sub-regional developments, this article presents an attempt to analyze key trends and issues facing the international community in the short term period.
Presidential Elections in France and Russia: Problems of Immigration and Identity
Authors: Strel'tsova Y.
Published: May 2021

The problem of gradual socio-cultural identity change of Russian and French societies under the influence of ethnic immigration is considered in the article. Such spheres as language, staff policy and education are researched. Special attention is given to the growing influence of immigration issue on the electoral discourse of political parties in France and Russia.
INCIDÊNCIA DE CÂNCER DE PRÓSTATA NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS ENTRE 2001 E 2015
Authors: ARAUJO SOUSA BRUNO OLIVEIRA
Published: May 2021

RESUMO:

Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento sobre o número de óbitos e as taxas de mortalidade para câncer de próstata no Estado do Tocantins durante o século XXI e levantar discussão sobre os programas de rastreamento. Métodos: Pesquisa dos dados no site do INCA, disponível no Atlas On-line de Mortalidade, no Século XXI. Resultados: O número de óbitos e a Taxa de Mortalidade para Câncer de Próstata (CaP) vem aumentando neste último século em níveis mundial, nacional e regional. Conclusão: O número de novos casos de CaP vem aumentando em todas as esferas, talvez fruto de overdiagnosis. Políticas de rastreamento devem ser estudadas e discutidas, haja vista que ainda não houve uma relevância significativa de diferença de mortalidade para esse tipo de prática.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DAS PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE MAMA SUBMETIDAS A QUIMIOTERAPIA NEOADJUVANTE EM UM HOSPITAL DE SÃO LUIS-MA
Authors: DO COUTO CORREA FERNANDO HENRIQUE RIBEIRO
Published: May 2021

RESUMO

Introdução: Anualmente são diagnosticados aproximadamente um milhão de novos casos de câncer, existindo uma prevalência de 4,4 milhões de mulheres que padecem dessa enfermidade. A quimioterapia neoadjuvante, é definida como qualquer tratamento quimioterápico prescrito antes do tratamento cirúrgico, com base nos resultados obtidos, passou-se a indicar o tratamento neoadjuvante em pacientes com tumores operáveis, permitindo a utilização de tratamentos cirúrgicos menos invasivos e  mais eficientes. Metodologia: Estudo retrospectivo, de corte transversal  para avaliar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes com câncer de mama sob acompanhamento do Serviço de Mastologia do Hospital do Câncer Aldenora Belo (HCAB) na cidade de São Luis-MA  com uma amostragem de 56 pacientes durante o período de janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2015. RESULTADOS: Os resultados referem-se a 56 pacientes com dados clínico-epidemiológicos. Conclusão:  Os resultados encontrados demonstram a evolução no tratamento do câncer de mama avançado, o que é uma realidade em nossa região, devido a falta de programas de acesso ao rastreamento, principalmente no interior do Estado, o que permitiria diagnósticos precoces e tratamentos mais eficazes e menos lesivos a paciente.  

Palavras-chave: Oncologia. Mama. Neoplasias.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Approximately one million new cases of cancer are diagnosed annually, with a prevalence of 4.4 million women suffering from this disease. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is defined as any chemotherapy treatment prescribed before the surgical treatment, based on the results obtained, it was indicated the neoadjuvant treatment in patients with operable tumors, allowing the use of less invasive and more efficient surgical treatments. Methodology: Retrospective, cross-sectional study to evaluate the clinical-epidemiological profile of breast cancer patients under follow-up of the Mastology Service of the Aldenora Belo Cancer Hospital (HCAB) in the city of São Luis-MA with a sample of 56 patients during the period from January 2015 to December 2015. RESULTS: The results refer to 56 patients with clinical-epidemiological data. Conclusion: The results show the evolution in the treatment of advanced breast cancer, which is a reality in our region, due to the lack of access programs to the tracing, mainly in the interior of the State, which would allow early diagnosis and more effective treatments and less harmful to the patient.

Keywords: Oncology. Mama. Neoplasms.
AVALIAÇÃO DA RELAÇÃO DO NÚMERO DE SINTOMÁTICOS RESPIRATÓRIOS E OS CASOS CONFIRMADOS DE TUBERCULOSE EM PALMAS-TO NO PERÍODO DE 2015-2016
Authors: Sousa Robson de , Sarmento Nobre Maria do Socorro Rocha
Published: May 2021

RESUMO

Estratégia usada internacionalmente a busca ativa de sintomáticos respiratórios permite identificar precocemente pessoas com tosse por tempo igual ou superior a três semanas consideradas com suspeita de tuberculose pulmonar visando à descoberta dos casos bacilíferos. É uma atividade de saúde pública e deve ser realizada por todos os serviços de saúde de forma permanente. Com o objetivo de identificar os casos, interromper a cadeia de transmissão e reduzir a incidência da doença a longo prazo.  Objetivo: Conhecer os números de casos notificados de tuberculose e realizar um comparativo com os indicadores de sintomático respiratório no município de Palmas/TO entre os anos de 2015 e 2016. Método: O estudo é do tipo descritivo, de corte transversal e documental direta. Conclusão: Verifica-se que o número confirmado de TB da pesquisa do SR tanto para o ano de 2015 quanto para o ano de 2016 está muito aquém dos casos novos notificados, foi possível perceber a descontinuidade dos pacientes que são encaminhados para avaliação e que não há segmentos principalmente em relação ao resultado dos exames.  

Palavras-chave: Tuberculose. Vigilância Epidemiológica. Organização Mundial da Saúde.

ABSTRACT

A strategy used internationally for the active search of respiratory symptomatic patients allows early identification of people with cough for a time equal to or greater than three weeks considered with suspicion of pulmonary tuberculosis in order to discover the bacilliferous cases. It is a public health activity and must be performed by all health services on an ongoing basis. In order to identify the cases, interrupt the transmission chain and reduce the incidence of the disease in the long term. Objective: To know the numbers of reported cases of tuberculosis and to carry out a comparison with the indicators of respiratory symptomatology in the municipality of Palmas / TO between the years 2015 and 2016. Method: The study is descriptive, cross-sectional and direct documentary. Conclusion: It is verified that the confirmed number of TB of the RS research for both the year 2015 and the year 2016 is well below the new cases reported, it was possible to perceive the discontinuity of the patients that are referred for evaluation and which are not mainly related to the results of the exams.

Keywords: Tuberculosis. Epidemiological surveillance. World Health Organization.
CONDIÇÕES FÍSICO-ESTRUTURAL E HIGIÊNICO-SANITÁRIA DE SUPERMERCADOS DE IMPERATRIZ / MARANHÃO
Authors: Lima Ana Paula Ladeira , Araújo Karuane Saturnino da Silva , Santos Neto Dark Luzia dos , Rodrigues Junior Carlos Alberto , Dias Fellipe Camargo Ferreira
Published: May 2021

RESUMO

Definidos como comércio varejista de mercadorias em geral, com predominância de produtos alimentícios, e com área de venda entre 300 e 5.000 m², os supermercados representam hoje o principal local de comércio de alimentos nas cidades de médio e grande porte, constituindo, portanto, setor significativo da economia brasileira e elo sensível e relevante quando se analisa a segurança alimentar. O Objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as condições físicas estruturais e higiênico-sanitárias de supermercados no município de Imperatriz, estado do maranhão (MA). Realizou-se um diagnóstico de Boas Práticas em quinze supermercados de Imperatriz – MA. Para tanto, foi utilizado um check-list sobre Boas Práticas de Fabricação conforme a Resolução - RDC nº 275, de 21 de Outubro de 2002, em que as perguntas foram feitas ao responsável pelo estabelecimento e observando os supermercados de acordo com a classificação em grupos. Desta forma observamos que a maioria dos supermercados nos blocos avaliados estão em condições razoáveis e correspondem a 51 a 75% dos itens.  

Palavras-chave: Boas Práticas; Alimentos.

ABSTRACT

Defined as retail general merchandise, with predominance of food products, and sales area between 300 and 5,000 m², supermarkets now represent the primary site of food trade in the cities of medium and large and are, therefore, industry significant Brazilian economy and bond sensitive and relevant when analyzing food security. The objective of the study was to evaluate the physical structural and hygienic sanitary supermarket in the city of Imperatriz - MA. We conducted a diagnosis of Practice in fifteen supermarkets Imperatriz - MA for both was used checklist on Good Manufacturing Practices under Resolution - RDC n º 275 of 21 October 2002, in which the questions were asked to the responsible for establishing and observing the supermarkets in accordance with the classification in groups. Thus, we observed that most supermarkets in blocks evaluated in fair condition and correspond to 51-75% of the items.

Keywords: Good practice; Foods.
TROMBOEMBOLISMO PULMONAR EM PACIENTE COM SÍNDROME DE KLIPPEL-TRENAUNAY-WEBER: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Farias Luis Arthur Brasil Gadelha , De Oliveira Mariana Fátima Cabral , Da Ponte Maycon Fellipe , Pinheiro Aglaerton Silva
Published: May 2021

RESUMO

A síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber (KTW) é uma doença rara caracterizada por distúrbio vascular com malformação capilar, venosa e linfática, grandes hemangiomas e hipertrofia óssea ou de tecidos moles. Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 24 anos de idade, obesa, com história prévia de linfedema e hemangioma unilateral da perna direita que evoluiu com tromboembolismo pulmonar. Ela possuia diagnóstico clínico e ultrassonográfico de síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber há 5 anos. Após a anticoagulação, a paciente evoluiu assintomática e sem novos eventos tromboembólicos.  

Palavras-chave: Síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber; Embolia Pulmonar; Tromboembolia; Tromboembolia Venosa.

ABSTRACT

Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (KTW) is a rare disease characterized by vascular disorder with capillary, venous and lymphatic malformation, large hemangiomas and bone or soft tissue hypertrophy. Herein we report the case of a 24-years-old women, obese, with previous history of unilateral lymphedema and hemangioma in right leg witch evolves to pulmonar tromboembolism. She had clinical and ultrasonographic diagnosis of Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome five years before. After anticoagulation, the patient evolves assymptomatic and without new tromboembolic events.

Keywords: Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome; Pulmonary Embolism; Thromboembolism; Venous Thromboembolism.
ARTIGO DE REVISÃO: NOVAS OPÇÕES DE TRATAMENTO DO MELANOMA METASTÁTICO
Authors: Costa Milena Katrini , Soares Rodrigo Mesquita , Fagundes Fabiana Ribeiro Queiroz de Oliveira , Guedes Virgílio Ribeiro
Published: May 2021

RESUMO

O Melanoma é considerado um tumor agressivo, tem sua origem nos melanócitos da pele. Tal tumor tem grande potencial de produzir metástases, e por isso tem grande letalidade. O presente trabalho tem objetivo de fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre as novas terapias da forma metastática do melanoma. Buscou-se artigos através das plataformas SciELO, Pubmed e Bireme, com as seguintes palavras-chave: “melanoma”, “tratamento melanoma”, “treatment melanoma”, “metastatic melanoma”. Os recentes estudos mostram evidências positivas nas pesquisas, atestando a evolução da terapia, passando desde a quimioterapia, inibidores das vias de sinalização, imunoterapia, alternativas naturais até as combinações de terapias. É possível perceber a evolução do tratamento dessa enfermidade, observando a eficácia dos novos métodos e a elevação da sobrevida dos pacientes por meio dos artigos analisados.  

Palavras-chave: melanoma; metástase; tratamento.

ABSTRACT

Melanoma is considered an aggressive tumor, has its origin in melanocytes of the skin. It has a great potential to produce metastases, and therefore has great lethality. The present work aims to review the literature on the new therapies of the metastatic form of melanoma. We searched through the SciELO, Pubmed and Bireme platforms with the following keywords: "melanoma", "melanoma treatment", "treatment melanoma", "metastatic melanoma". Recent studies show positive evidence in research, attesting the evolution of therapy, ranging from chemotherapy, inhibitors of signaling pathways, immunotherapy, natural alternatives to combinations of therapies. It is possible to perceive the evolution of the treatment of this disease, observing the efficacy of the new methods and the increase of the patients survival through the articles analyzed.

Keywords: melanoma; metastasis; treatment.
DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE DE HANSENÍASE E AÇÕES ESTRATÉGICAS PARA A SUA DETECÇÃO
Authors: Stafin Inês , Guedes Virgílio Ribeiro , Mendes Seyna Ueno Rabelo
Published: May 2021

RESUMO

Introdução: O diagnóstico da hanseníase ainda causa grande impacto social, tanto por ser frequentemente tardio e evoluir com sequelas, quanto pelos estigmas que a envolvem. O Brasil persiste como uma área endêmica e possui o segundo lugar em número de casos da doença no mundo. Já o Tocantins é um dos estados com maior endemicidade no país, com um aumento importante no número de diagnósticos em menores de 15 anos e no número de pessoas diagnosticadas com incapacidade grau II. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa, realizada por meio de publicações sobre as ações estratégicas para o diagnóstico precoce de hanseníase, entre o período de 2012 a 2017. Desenvolvimento: A situação atual da hanseníase demonstra a persistência da transmissão, a carência de ações para o seu controle efetivo, a sub detecção e um diagnóstico tardio dessa patologia. O presente artigo aborda as principais ações estratégicas para a realização do diagnóstico precoce da hanseníase, bem como os métodos diagnósticos importantes, proporcionando um maior auxílio aos profissionais de saúde da atenção primária. Considerações finais: Para que se amplie o diagnóstico precoce de forma adequada é essencial a busca e avaliação dos contatos, a qualificação adequada dos profissionais de saúde, a educação em saúde da população e a participação ativa dos gestores.  

Palavras-chave: Hanseníase; diagnóstico precoce; estratégias; atenção primária.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The diagnosis of leprosy still causes great social impact, both because it is often late and evolves with sequelae, and because of the stigmas that surround it. Brazil persists as an endemic area and has the second largest number of cases of the disease in the world. The state of Tocantins represents one of the areas with high endemicity in the country, with a significant increase in the number of diagnoses in children under 15 years and in the number of people diagnosed with disability grade II. Methodology: This is a literature review of the narrative type, carried out through publications on strategic actions for the early diagnosis of leprosy, between the period of 2012 to 2017. Development: The current situation of leprosy shows the persistence of transmission, lack of actions for effective control, sub detection and a late diagnosis of this pathology. This article discusses the main strategic actions for the early diagnosis of leprosy, as well as the important diagnostic methods, providing greater assistance to primary health care professionals. Final considerations: In order to increase the early diagnosis in an adequate way, it is essential the search and evaluation of contacts, the adequate qualification of health professionals, the health education of the population and the participation of managers.

Keywords: Leprosy; early diagnosis; strategies; primary care.
PERFIL CLÍNICO E CITOPATOLÓGICO CONTIDO EM AMOSTRAS DE PUNÇÃO ASPIRATIVA POR AGULHA FINA DE NÓDULOS TIREOIDIANOS
Authors: Lima Silveira Edvaldo Lima , Santos Silveira Yan
Published: May 2021

RESUMO

A malignidade de nódulos tireoidianos é identificada em aproximadamente 10% dos indivíduos e, apesar de pouco frequente, é a principal causa de neoplasia endócrina. Variáveis clínicas como idade, gênero e achados ultrassonográficos são determinantes ao risco de malignidade, e tal determinação é peculiar para cada população estudada, ficando evidente a necessidade de se avaliar tais variáveis em níveis regionais. A partir disso, o estudo buscou investigar o perfil clínico e citopatológico de amostras de Punção Aspirativa por Agulha Fina de nódulos tireoidianos em um laboratório particular de Belém-PA, recebidas entre janeiro de 2016 a dezembro de 2017. Para isso, o estudo contou com a análise de 486 resultados de amostras de Punção Aspirativa por Agulha Fina (PAAF) de nódulos tireoidianos. A maioria das amostras analisadas era de indivíduos do sexo feminino (92,4%), entre 46-65 anos (47%) e com níveis normais de TSH (83,5%). O tamanho do nódulo e a ecogenicidade apresentou influência sobre os grupos de amostras benignas (93,6%) e não benignas (6,4%). Conclui-se que é fundamental a busca pelos perfis de cada população individualmente, identificando quais fatores estão relacionados à maior ou menor risco de malignidade.  

Palavras-chave: Nódulo da glândula tireoide; Citopatologia; Ultrassonografia; Biópsia por agulha.

ABSTRACT

The malignancy of thyroid nodules is identified in approximately 10% of the individuals and, although infrequent, is the main cause of endocrine neoplasia. Clinical variables such as age, gender and ultrasonographic findings are determinant to the risk of malignancy, and this determination is peculiar to each population, making evident the need to evaluate such variables at regional levels. From this, the study investigated the clinical and cytopathological profile in samples of Fine-needle Aspiration of thyroid nodules in a private laboratory from Belém-Pará, received between January 2016 and December 2017. For this, the study analyzed 486 results of Fine-needle Aspiration Biopsy of thyroid nodules. Most of the samples analyzed were female (92,4%), 46-65 years old (47%) and normal TSH levels (83,5%). The nodule size and echogenicity had an influence on groups of benign samples (93,6%) and non-benign samples (6,4%). It is fundamental to search for the profiles of each population individually, identifying which factors are related to the greater or lesser risk of malignancy.

Keywords: Thyroid nodules; Pathology; Ultrasonography; Biopsy, Fine-Needle.
RELATO DE CASO: SÍNDROME DO DESFILADEIRO TORÁCICO
Authors: Gonçalves Tatiane Silva , De Sá Raíssa Nunes Bezerra , Pacheco Jéssica Neto Ferreira , Leite Alexis Alison Cardozo , Cuellar Pedro Manuel Gonzales
Published: May 2021

RESUMO

Introdução: A Síndrome do Desfiladeiro Torácico (SDT) é uma entidade clínica com sintomatologia diversa, decorrente de compressão anormal do plexo braquial, na região do desfiladeiro torácico. Esta compressão é exercida, na maioria das vezes, pelo músculo escaleno anterior, mas pode resultar também da existência de bandas musculofibróticas, alteração da morfologia da primeira costela, costelas cervicais e músculos anômalos. A SDT pode ser classificada nos tipos vascular e neurogênico. Descrição do caso: Paciente, sexo feminino, 27 anos, com quadro de dor e parestesia, há dois anos, de início insidioso, em 4º e 5º quirodáctilos e, posteriormente, com progressão para todo membro superior esquerdo (MSE). Procurou Unidade de Pronto Atendimento, sendo prescrito apenas medicação analgésica. Após três dias, apresentou intensificação da dor, associada a palidez e parestesia de MSE procurando atendimento no Hospital Geral de Palmas. Discussão: A SDT acomete mais mulheres entre 20-50 anos, com vários fatores contribuintes, chegando a limitar as atividades diárias e laborais. O tratamento clínico, frequentemente, é a conduta inicial, procurando aliviar os sintomas. Em geral, o tratamento cirúrgico tem indicação em 15 % dos casos, quando a síndrome é decorrente de anomalias ósseas sintomáticas e complicações vasculares.  

Palavras-chave: Síndrome do Desfiladeiro Torácico; Costela Cervical; Plexo Braquial.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) is a clinical entity with diverse symptomatology due to abnormal compression of brachial plexus in the thoracic outlet region. This compression is often carried out by the anterior scalene muscle, but it may be a result from the presence of musculofibrotic bands, alteration of the first rib morphology, cervical ribs and anomalous muscles. TOS can be classified into vascular and neurogenic types. Case description: Patient, female, 27 years old, with pain and paresthesia, since two years ago, insidious onset, in 4th and 5th fingers, and later with progression to all left upper limb (LUL). She looked for Emergency Care Unit, and only analgesic medication was prescribed. After three days, she presented pain intensification, associated with pallor and paresthesia of LUL, looking for care at the General Hospital of Palmas. Discussion: The TOS affects more women between 20-50 years old, with several contributing factors, limiting daily activities and work. The clinical treatment, often, is the initial conduct, seeking to relieve symptoms. In general, the surgical treatment is indicated in 15% of cases, when the syndrome is due to symptomatic bone anomalies and vascular complications.

Keywords: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome; Cervical Rib; Brachial Plexus.
CONGENITAL CENTRAL HYPOVENTILATION SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH HIRSCHSPRUNG’S DISEASE
Authors: De Lima Daniel Jhonatas Silvério , De Pina Tavares Nadine Nair , Alcantara Lucas dos Santos , Pereira Lúcia Caetano , Do Amaral Andrea Silva
Published: May 2021

RESUMO

A síndrome de hipoventilação central congênita (SHCC) é uma desordem genética rara, associada a mutações no gene paired-like homeobox 2B (PHOX2B), caracterizada por disautonomia e apneia central. A doença de Hirschsprung (DH) está presente em cerca de 20% dos casos de SHCC. Este estudo objetiva relatar o caso de um neonato que apresentou apneia central recorrente, eliminação tardia de mecônio e distensão abdominal diagnosticado com DH associada a SHCC, comparando-se os aspectos clínicos esperados e os encontrados pela equipe que assistiu a criança. Nota-se um retardo no diagnóstico principalmente pela raridade da síndrome e ao seu desconhecimento por parte dos profissionais da saúde. Sendo assim, conclui-se ser imprescindível medidas de suporte, diagnóstico e tratamento precoces pelo risco de complicações graves que ambas as doenças podem acarretar ao recém nascido.  

Palavras-chave: Síndrome de hipoventilação central congênita, síndrome de Ondine, gene PHOX2B, doença de Hirschsprung,  síndrome de Haddad.

ABSTRACT

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare genetic disorder associated with mutations in paired-like homeobox 2B gene (PHOX2B), characterized by dysautonomia and central sleep apnea. Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is present in about 20% of CCHS cases. This study aims to report the case of a neonate who presented with sleep apnea, late elimination of meconium and abdominal distension diagnosed with CCHS associated with HD, comparing the clinical aspects expected and those found by the medical team that attended the child. There was a delay in the diagnosis, mainly due to the rarity of the syndrome and the lack of knowledge about the disease by health professionals. Therefore, it is concluded that life support, early diagnosis, and treatment are essential due to the risk of serious complications that both diseases can cause to the newborn.

Keywords: Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome, Ondine’s curse, PHOX2B gene, Hirschsprung's disease, Haddad syndrome.
A Study on Ways to Improve Mobile RPG Using Big Data Text Mining
Authors: Youm DongHyun , Kim JungYoon
Published: May 2021

As RPG has high sales and profits, lots of developers have supplied various RPG to market but it changed to mass production type with sensational advertising, low quality and excessive charging and similar contents which affects game market and users’ game play experience. The author of this paper studied ways to improve mobile RPG by collecting and analyzing users’ reviews using crawling on Google Play Store. The author of this paper used topic modeling that uses text mining technique and LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) to extract meaningful information from collected big data and visualized it. Inferring users’ reviews, figuring out opinions objectively and seeking ways to improve games are helpful in improving mobile RPG that can be played continuously.
Changes in Nutrient Biomarkers, Body Composition, and Burnout Symptoms in Collegiate Athletes across a Season
Authors: Hew-Butler Tamara , Aprik Carrie , Byrd Brigid , Landis-Piwowar Kristin , Smith-Hale Valerie , VanSumeren Matthew , Sabourin Jordan , Byrd Gregory , Martin Jeffrey
Published: May 2021

Adequate serum vitamin D and iron levels are thought to positively influence physical training adaptations and mood. The purpose of this prospective, observational, study was to investigate relationships between serum 25-OH vitamin D and serum ferritin levels with body composition and athlete burnout symptoms. Seventy-three collegiate athletes (49 female) from 7 indoor and outdoor sports were tested pre-season and post-season for: nutrient biomarkers (serum 25-OH vitamin D and serum ferritin) via venipuncture; body composition (total lean mass, bone mineral densi-ty/BMD, and % body fat) via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans; and athlete burnout symptoms (post-season) via the athlete burnout questionnaire (ABQ). When male and female co-horts were combined, significant relationships were noted between pre-season serum 25-OH vit-amin D versus the change (∆: post-season minus pre-season) in both BMD (r=-0.34;p=0.0003) and % body fat (r=-0.28;p=0.015). Serum ferritin ∆ was significantly associated with lean mass ∆ (r=-0.34;p=0.003). For burnout symptoms, serum 25-OH vitamin D ∆ significantly explained 20.6% of the variance for devaluation of sport in the male cohort only. Across time, serum 25-OH vitamin D levels increased while serum ferritin levels decreased, non-significantly, in both males and fe-males. Relationships between nutrient biomarkers and body composition were opposite of physio-logical expectations.
Energy Efficiency, Emissions, Tribological Challenges and Fluid Requirements of Electrified Passenger Car Vehicles
Authors: Taylor Robert Ian
Published: May 2021

The motivations for the move to electrified vehicles are discussed with reference to their improved energy efficiency, their potential for lower CO2 emissions (if the electricity system is decarbonized), their lower (or zero) NOx/particulate matter (PM) tailpipe emissions, and the lower overall costs for owners. Some of the assumptions made in life-cycle CO2 emissions calculations are discussed and the effect of these assumptions on the CO2 benefits of electric vehicles are made clear. A number of new tribological challenges have emerged, particularly for hybrid vehicles that have both a conventional internal combustion engine and a battery, such as the need to protect against the much greater number of stop-starts that the engine will have during its lifetime. In addition, new lubricants are required for electric vehicle transmissions systems. Although full battery electric vehicles (BEVs) will not require engine oils (as there is no engine) they will require a system to cool the batteries – alternative cooling systems are discussed, and where these are fluid based, the specific fluid requirements are outlined.
Identification of epigenetic readers by DAPPL
Authors: Song Guang , Wang Guohua , Luo Ximei , Cheng Ying , Song Qifeng , Wan Jun , Moore Cedric , Song Hongjun , Jin Peng , Qian Jiang , Zhu Heng
Published: May 2021

Identifying readers of epigenetic marks on DNA is a critical step towards understanding the mechanisms of those modifications in many biological processes. Here, we present an all-to-all approach, dubbed digital affinity profiling via proximity ligation (DAPPL), to simultaneously profile readers for different epigenetic modifications (i.e., 5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-formylcytosine, and 5-carboxylcytosine) on CpG dinucleotides using random DNA libraries. Using specific DNA fragments to covalently barcode each human TFs and co-factors, we could connect the identity of a protein to its captured DNA fragments via proximity ligation in a highly multiplexed. Using this approach, we identified numerous readers for different DNA epigenetic modifications
VaNGuard assay protocol for SARS-CoV-2 detection
Authors: Ooi Kean Hean , Liu Mengying Mandy , Tay Jie Wen Douglas , Teo Seok Yee , Kaewsapsak Pornchai , Jin Shengyang , Lee Chun Kiat , Hou Jingwen , Maurer-Stroh Sebastian , Lin Weisi , Yan Benedict , Yan Gabriel , Gao Yong-Gui , Tan Meng How
Published: May 2021

This protocol presents the Variant Nucleotide Guard (VaNGuard) assay, which is robust towards viral mutations and can be performed on purified RNA or directly on nasopharyngeal (NP) swab samples. The procedure typically comprises three parts, namely sample preparation, RT-LAMP reaction, and Cas12a-based detection via fluorescence or lateral flow assay. Sample preparation from NP swabs involves Proteinase K digestion followed by heat inactivation. Purified RNA or digested NP swab samples are then added as templates into RT-LAMP reactions and incubated at 65ºC for 22 minutes. Next, enAsCas12a and ssDNA-probes are added and the reactions are incubated at 60ºC for another 5 minutes. End-point fluorescence can be detected by a plate reader or a real-time PCR machine. Alternatively, a lateral flow strip can be inserted into each reaction tube for equipment-free read-out. The VaNGuard assay is a rapid and convenient point-of-care test for SARS-CoV-2 and is applicable to resource poor settings.
Role of Interferon Therapy in Severe COVID-19: The COVIFERON Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Irvani Seyed Sina Naghibi , Golmohammadi Maryam , Pourhoseingholi Mohamad Amin , Shokouhi Shervin , Darazam Ilad Alavi
Published: May 2021

Study Title: Effectiveness of Interferon Beta 1a and Interferon Beta 1b compared to the Usual Therapeutic Regimen to Treat Adults with Moderate to Severe COVID-19Objectives:We will investigate the effectiveness of Interferon Beta 1a, compared to Interferon Beta 1b and the usual therapeutic regimen in COVID-19 in patients that have tested positive and are moderately to severely ill. Trial Design:This is a single center, open label, randomized, controlled, parallel group, clinical trial that will be conducted at Loghman Hakim hospital in conjunction with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.
Single cell high-throughput qRT-PCR protocol
Authors: Achanta Sirisha , Vadigepalli Rajanikanth
Published: May 2021

Single cell high-throughput qRT-PCR protocol combines high sensitivity technique of single cell qPCR with high-throughput qPCR technology that can generate data from 96 samples and 96 genes in a single experiment. It can be adapted for various sample types- cell culture, tissue samples and extracted RNA (10 pg) and measured on traditional qPCR and high-throughput qPCR platforms. The workflow is comprised of four steps – cell lysis, reverse transcription, pre-amplification and qPCR. Key features of this protocol are; processing low input samples directly to reverse transcription without RNA extraction which minimizes sample loss, pre-amplification enables amplification of cDNA from single cells to detectable levels for qPCR and measuring up to 400 genes from a single cell sample/10 pg of RNA (starting material). Robust, reproducible and versatile this protocol can be adapted to several upstream and downstream techniques.
Characterization of the bacterioplankton community and the influencing factors in the upper reaches of the Han River basin
Authors: Sun He , Pan Baozhu , He Haoran , Zhao Gengnan , Jiang Xiaoming , Han Xu , Wang Hao
Published: May 2021

The upper reaches of the Han River are the source region of water for the Middle Route of China’s South-to-North Water Diversion Project, mainly for household, industrial, and irrigation purposes. Planktonic bacteria are more sensitive than macroorganisms to water physical and chemical properties and play a critical role in biogeochemical processes in river ecosystems. In November 2017 and April 2018, a systematic and methodical survey was carried out to evaluate the water quality and bacterial communities, on the mainstem of the Han River and its five main tributaries. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology has been employed to investigate the bacterioplankton community composition. The results indicated that: 1) Diversity increased downstream, especially in the upper reaches of the Han River. 2) The relative abundance of Actinobacteria increased with the increase of river length, while that of Bacteroidetes decreased slightly. 3) Five tributaries were found to be importance sources of taxa to the Han River, however in both months a large proportion of OTUs (37.84% and 36.34%, respectively) had unknown sources. 4) Finally, redundancy analysis (RDA) and Bioenv analysis showed that environmental parameters (pH, TN, Cond, NH4+-N, DO, NO2−-N, Chl-a and T) had a great influence (p ≤ 0.05) on the bacterioplankton community. These research results are beneficial for the managing the ecological system, protecting the tributary biodiversity, and conserving the mainstem and tributaries of the Han River basin.
Anti-Fungal and Anti-Aflatoxigenic Properties of Organs of Cannabis sativa L.: Relation to Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Capacities
Authors: Khoury Anthony Al , Sleiman Rhend , Atoui Ali , Hindieh Pamela , Maroun Richard G , BAILLY Jean-Denis , Khoury André
Published: May 2021

Aflatoxin B1 is a carcinogenic mycotoxin that frequently contaminates crops worldwide. Current research indicates that the use of natural extracts to combat mycotoxin contamination may represent an eco-friendly, sustainable strategy to ensure food safety. Although Cannabis sativa L. has long been known for its psychoactive cannabinoids, it is also rich in many other bioactive molecules. This study examines extracts from various organs of Cannabis sativa L. to determine their ability to limit aflatoxin production and growth of Aspergillus flavus. The results indicate that flower extract is most effective for limiting the synthesis of aflatoxin B1, leading to an almost-complete inhibition of toxin production at a concentration of 0.225 milligrams dry matter per gram of culture medium. Since flower extract is rich in phenolic compounds, its total antioxidant ability and radical-scavenging capacity are determined. Compared with other anti-aflatoxigenic extracts, the anti-oxidative potential of Cannabis sativa L. flower extract appears moderate, suggesting that its anti-mycotoxin effect may be related to other bioactive compounds.
A recessive gene pepy-1 encoding Pelota confers resistance to begomovirus isolates of PepYLCIV and PepYLCAV in Capsicum annuum
Authors: Koeda Sota , Onouchi Mika , Mori Namiko , Pohan Nadya , Nagano Atsushi J. , Kesumawati Elly
Published: May 2021

Pepper yellow leaf curl disease caused by begomoviruses seriously affects pepper (Capsicum spp.) production in a number of regions around the world. Ty genes of tomato, which confer resistance to the tomato yellow leaf curl virus, are the only begomovirus resistance genes cloned to date. In this study, we focused on the identification of begomovirus resistance genes in Capsicum annuum. BaPep-5 was identified as a novel source of resistance against pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PepYLCIV) and pepper yellow leaf curl Aceh virus (PepYLCAV). A single recessive locus, which we named as pepper yellow leaf curl disease virus resistance 1 (pepy-1), responsible for PepYLCAV resistance in BaPep-5 was identified on chromosome 5 in an F2 population derived from a cross between BaPep-5 and the begomovirus susceptible accession BaPep-4. In the target region spanning 34 kb, a single candidate gene, the messenger RNA surveillance factor Pelota, was identified. Whole-genome resequencing of BaPep-4 and BaPep-5 and comparison of their genomic DNA sequences revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism (A to G) located at the splice site of the 9th intron of CaPelota in BaPep-5, which caused the insertion of the 9th intron into the transcript, resulting in the addition of 28 amino acids to CaPelota protein without causing a frameshift. Virus-induced gene silencing of CaPelota in the begomovirus susceptible pepper No.218 resulted in the gain of resistance against PepYLCIV, a phenotype consistent with BaPep-5. The DNA marker developed in this study will greatly facilitate marker-assisted breeding of begomovirus resistance in peppers.
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Strains Selected from Nature Significantly Increased the Production of 2-Phenylethanol Through Protoplast Fusion
Authors: Lin Lucheng , Xu Zhiwei , Wang Weixia , Wang Kun , Zhu Tingheng
Published: May 2021

Background: 2-Phenylethanol (2-PE) is an aromatic alcohol with rose fragrance, which is widely used as an additive in food, tobacco and daily chemical industries. Yeast is the main microorganism producing natural 2-PE, but it is limited by low production and weak tolerance. Nature and fermented products is a resource treasury of yeasts with excellent traits. Screening strains with good phenotypic traits and conducting breeding by cell fusion for genetic pyramiding is an effective way to improve strains. Results: In this study, 25 strains of 2-PE-producing yeasts were isolated from Chinese brewed samples. Three Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with good traits in tolerance and 2-PE titre were screened out. The strain LSC-1 produces 2-PE of 3.41 g/L with an increase of 9.3% compared to the industrial strain CWY132. The strain NGER shows good tolerance to 2-PE at the concentration of 3.60 g/L in agar plate, and the thermotolerant strain S.C-1 shows growth ability at 41℃. Two rounds of protoplast fusion were performed with these three parent strains for pyramiding of traits. A fusant strain RH2-16 with high 2-PE titre and increased tolerance was obtained. Using 5g/L L-phenylalanine as the precursor substrate, the maximum titre of 2-PE produced by the RH2-16 strain through fermentation and transformation is 4.31 g/L, and the average titre is 4.04 g/L. The molar conversion rate of L-Phe reached 115% in 36 h. Compared to the parental strain LSC-1 and the industrial strain CWY132, 2-PE titre in RH2-16 increased by 26.4% and 38.1%, respectively.Conclusion: Diversified S. cerevisiae strains with different traits can be isolated from the brewing related samples. Protoplast fusion technology can effectively pyramid excellent genetic traits and breed yeast strains with significantly improved tolerance and 2-PE titre. Our research provided a breeding strategy for S. cerevisiae and a strain for industrial production of 2-PE.
Development and performance of a population-based risk stratification model for COVID-19
Authors: Vela Emili , Carot-Sans Gerard , Clèries Montse , Monterde David , Acebes Xènia , Comella Adrià , Eroles Luís Manuel García , Coca Marc , Valero-Bover Damià , Piera Jordi , Sust Pol Pérez
Published: May 2021

The shortage of recently approved vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has highlighted the need for evidence-based tools to prioritize healthcare resources for people at higher risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Current evidence indicates that age is far from accurate in identifying the risk of severe illness; furthermore, the count of individual risk factors has limited applicability to population-based “stratify-and-shield” strategies. We developed a COVID-19 risk stratification system that allows allocating people into four mutually-exclusive risk categories based on multivariate models for hospital admissions, transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality among the general population. The model was developed using clinical, hospital, and epidemiological data from the entire population of Catalonia (North-East Spain; 7.5 million people) and validated using an independent dataset of 218,329 individuals with PCR-confirmed COVID-19, who were infected after developing the model. This showed high discrimination capacity, with an area under the curve of the receiving operating characteristics of 0.85 (95% CI 0.85–0.85) for hospital admissions, 0.86 (0.86–0.97) for ICU transfers, and 0.96 (0.96–0.96) for deaths. Our results provide clinicians and policymakers with an evidence-based tool for prioritizing COVID-19 healthcare resources other population groups aside from those with higher exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and frontline workers.
Homogenization of Fish Composition Among Mesohabitats Driven by Stream Degradation from Urban Land Use
Authors: Pessoa Leonardo Antunes , Baumgartner Matheus T. , Frota Augusto , Garcia Thiago D. , Pagotto João , Goulart Erivelto
Published: May 2021

The heterogeneity along the course of streams beget habitat features that are highly different and strongly influence the composition of fish assemblages. Stream stretches such as riffles, runs, and pools are particularly distinct in physical structures and water flow, with expected differences in the identity and body shape of the species that occupy these habitat units. However, how land is used in the adjacent areas of these aquatic environments also changes the habitat characteristics and, therefore, the fish composition from each stretch. In this context, we collected data from both rural and urban streams to assess how these land-use types influence the species composition and their body morphology among mesohabitats. Differences in body morphology were evaluated using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the mean of Compression Index (CI) weighted by the species abundance for each sampled site. The differences in species composition were assessed using permutational multivariate analogous (PERMANOVA) and Indicator Value (IndVal). Urban streams showed a significantly decreased fish diversity combined with no differences in body morphology of fish and homogenization of species composition among mesohabitats. Importantly, we could infer that mesohabitats influence the body shape of fish and, consequently, species composition in less disturbed streams. However, the lower fish diversity in more imperiled streams led to the homogenization of fish composition among mesohabitats. These patterns constitute important contributions for evidence-based management and restoration of streams, as the presence of different mesohabitats is not enough to overcome the effects of urbanization on fish assemblages.