bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upshot of Epigenetics and Famine on Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Purkait Pulakes
Published: August 2022

Chronic diseases are stimulated in the womb through adaptations acquired by the fetus in response to malnutrition. Maternal malnutrition during early pregnancy, in relation to low birth weight as well as uterine growth restriction, may adversely influence offspring metabolism and health. Parental nutritional imbalance, either through global nutritional manipulation or deficiencies in specific nutrients, predisposes the offspring to metabolic disease. Exposure to environmental factors in early life can influence the developmental process as well as long-term health in humans. The famine affected fertility, weight gain during pregnancy, maternal blood pressure, infant size at birth and development of the central nervous system, are associated with an increased risk of adult-onset metabolic syndrome. The point to ponder over here is how these risk factors interact at the cellular level so as to cause disease? Here, epigenetic epidemiology enables researchers to explore critical links between genomic coding, modifiable exposures and the manifestation of the disease phenotype. Extensive epidemiologic studies have suggested that adult disease risk is associated with adverse environmental conditions (famines) to which the mother is exposed to early in development.
SGLT2-Inhibitors in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among East Asians-A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Vijay Sarvesh
Published: August 2022

The burden of type 2 diabetes in East Asia is frightening. There have been dreadful changes in environmental, lifestyle, and dietary factors in East Asia during the past few decades which resulted in major lifestyle changes and an astounding increase in the prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. Although well‑established treatment modalities exist for type 2 diabetes mellitus management, they are limited by their side effect profile. Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of glucose lowering agents developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. These drugs prevent the kidneys from reabsorbing sugar into the blood. Instead, the sugar is excreted in urine. Subsequent reduction of glucotoxicity improves beta-cell sensitivity to glucose and tissue insulin sensitivity.
The Level of Knowledge and Practice of Secondary Prevention among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Selected Healthcare Facilities in Meru County, Kenya
Authors: Ngari Dennis Mugambi
Published: August 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease of multiple etiologies that results from a deficit in insulin production, insulin action or both. Diabetes affects millions of people globally and is among the chronic diseases that take a huge toll on human health as well as resources, and regardless of this, the condition continues to face neglect by individuals, communities and states. The disorder is associated with significant disability, premature deaths and enormous medical costs often resulting from the chronic complications. Chronic complications of diabetes result from inadequate secondary prevention practices and they include both micro-vascular and macro-vascular complications affecting the kidneys, eyes, neurons, heart, and the circulation. Upon diagnosis with T2DM, secondary preventive practices are fundamental in the prevention of the occurrence of chronic complications. However, inadequate knowledge on these measures among the patients and healthcare providers has been indicated as a major reason for the development of complications. Thus, the study sought to assess the level of knowledge and practice of the secondary prevention among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Consolata Nkubu and Meru Level Five Hospital in Meru County. A descriptive correlational study design was adopted to collect data from 357 purposively sampled participants with T2DM using questionnaires and Focus Group Discussion Guide. Quantitative data was analyzed at 95% confidence interval and a significance level p≤0.05. Most respondents had T2DM for 5-10 years and the main co-morbidity that affected 79% of the respondents was hypertension. The last BP measurements for most respondents was >140/90mmHg and blood glucose level of >7.8mmol/L with 53.7% having a BMI score of more than 25kg/m2. Concerning secondary prevention 70.6% (n=250) did foot examination during every visit, 56.5% (n=200) had their eyes examined annually, 26% (n=92) had urine checks annually, 18.9% (n=67) had body cholesterol level check-up regularly and 69.5% (n=246) had regular blood pressure monitoring. The mean score was 48.3% and SD was 30.1. Most respondents had overall poor knowledge of prevention practices. Knowledge level significantly influenced T2DM secondary prevention at a p value ≤0.05. Measures to improve the knowledge and practice of secondary prevention should be instigated.
Conditions for Better uses of Some Cameroonian Plants Potentially Anti-Diabetic and Reversing Insulin Resistance
Authors: Nolé Tsabang
Published: August 2022

Background: Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative and inflammatory harm are the major causes of chronic and fatal complications of diabetes. In many developing countries the products of socio-cultural medicine are more used by low income populations to fight against diseases particularly diabetes. The economic crises, the slump of agricultural product’s prizes and the significant increase of the population, are at the origin of the strong dependence on African traditional medicine. Objective: The objectives were to identify factors that influenced the better uses of potential bioactive plants published by Cameroonians, particularly used for diabetes management in order to select those that can improve insulin sensitivity and can be principally used to avoid diabetic complications. Methods: To achieve this objective, the review was carried out in online databases including Google, Google Scholar and Pubmed, between 2018 and 2019. For the ethnopharmacological standardization of recipes, we proposed in this work the doses calculated by deduction from the doses used to treat in vivo alloxan or streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The presence of one or several antihyperglycemic compounds in recorded plants and the hypoglycemic effects of their extract reinforced the herbal use of these species. Results: All the admitted plants exhibited antidiabetic properties. Twenty-eight point fifty-seven percent (28, 57%) of them were confirmed antihyperglycemic and improved insulin sensitivity. Permanent stress is the important factor influencing the better management of diabetes by these plants. 1.5. Conclusion: The results of this study can be the scientific basis for antidiabetic drugs discovery that can prevent insulin resistant and consequently complications of diabetes type 2.
The Role of Obesity in Producing Type 2 Diabetes by Insulin Resistance
Authors: Premkumar Daivasikamani
Published: August 2022

Obesity is a common condition due wrong eating habits and less physical activity. But it can produce serious illness like type 2 diabetes. In Malaysia 18 years and above 33.3% (5.4 million) are pre-obese and 27.2% (4.4 million) are obese. 7.2% are known to have diabetes and 8.0% are previously undiagnosed with diabetes. There is a strong relationship between obesity and diabetes mellitus. We must understand the mechanism by which obesity causes diabetes through and insulin resistance. When the fat distribution is more peripheral have more insulin sensitivity than whose fat distribution is more in the waist. The insulin resistance is caused by variety of substances like non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, cytokines, proinflammatory markers which leads to the development of insulin resistance. The development of diabetes is a combination of the failure of β-islet cells of the pancreas and insulin resistance. There is a rising incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes due to obesity and weight gain. The obesity is more common in females. Obesity increases with age. Similarly, the incidence of diabetes also increases with and in male sex. Out of 219 persons 77 had normal BMI (less than 25), 83 were overweight (BMI 25 to 30) and 59 were obese (more than 30). The incidence of overweight (37.8%) and obese (26%). People who are overweight (BMI 25- 30) below 40 years are 8, between 40-60 years are 36 and above 60 years are 39. The people who are obese in the 40 years age group 6, 40-60 years 23 and above 60 years 30. Incidence of overweight and obese is more in the females 72.7% and males 58.4%. Incidence of overweight among female is 42% and obese are 30%. Comparatively among male 34.4% are overweight and 24% are obese.
Coronavirus Disease: An Additional Risk Factor for Acute Vascular Events
Authors: HR Rao Gundu
Published: August 2022

Unprecedented spread of a killer coronavirus from Wuhan, China, has caused a catastrophic public health and economic crisis worldwide. Since its initial discovery in late 2019, the virus has spread to all the countries, infected 237 million individuals, and caused death of 4.8 million individuals. No country was prepared to face such a devastating infectious disease pandemic. Global Pharma industries responded rapidly to the call of ‘Operation Warp Speed’ and developed effective vaccines, faster than at any other time in our history. Despite the availability of safe and effective vaccines, large sections of global population, do not have access to these COVID-vaccines. Coronavirus which is highly contagious is transmitted by the respiratory particles and enters the cell by interacting with the angiotensin-converting enzyme-11- receptor (ACE2), which is present on a variety of cells in the human body. Since ACE2 receptors are abundantly expressed on vascular endothelium, upon entry, this virus replicates and spreads to all the vital organs of the body, which are served by the vasculature. Several studies have reported that the severity of the coronavirus disease increases in individuals with underlying health conditions such as hypertension, excess weight, obesity, diabetes, and vascular diseases. These metabolic diseases have increased in the last four decades to epidemic proportions. Individuals with metabolic diseases are at risk for severe coronavirus disease. In view of these observations, those ‘at risk’ population, should take extra precaution from getting infected with this virus. If infected, all attempts should be made to neutralize the virus, reduce the viral load, or initiate appropriate therapies, -to prevent known clinical complications associated with coronavirus disease.
Awareness of Diabetes Complication in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Irace Concetta
Published: August 2022

Patients with diabetes are well-educated about the self-management of glycemic control; conversely, the education on the screening of complications are less structured and personalized. We designed our study to assess the awareness of complications in a sample of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This is an observational cross-sectional study. A questionnaire aimed to evaluate the knowledge of micro- and macro-vascular diabetic complications and of the tests used to detect them was provided to consecutive people with T2D. Three-hundred eleven participants with T2D were enrolled and competed the questionnaire. The majority of them were aware of retinopathy (98%), kidney disease (90%), cardiovascular diseases (57%), and leg sensitive abnormalities (83%), while few were aware of sexual (38%), bladder (45%), gastrointestinal (27%) and cardiovascular autonomic disorders (0.6%). Among those who were aware of sexual disorders, 33% defined the complication specific of male sex and 5% of both sexes. About one-third were aware of albuminuria, and 37% indicated electromyography as the standard test for peripheral neuropathy. An adequate level of awareness for most complications was observed. However, some complications linked to autonomic neuropathy and standard tests to detect diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy were poorly known. Furthermore, bladder, gastrointestinal disorders, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy were also less aware or unaware. A comprehensive education might be helpful to prevent the lesser-known complications and avoid inappropriate and expensive diagnostic tests.
Coconut Oil, Soybean Oil, Lard: Good or Bad? The link to Obesity
Authors: de Almeida Fernanda Radicchi Campos Lobato
Published: August 2022

Obesity is a worldwide public health problem. Obesity and adiposity are caused by different factors but many cases are as a result of overconsumption of high-fat diets. Fat and oil in the diets are made available to the body in form of fatty acids. Considering the degree of saturation, fatty acids can be classified into saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). There have been controversies as regards the consumption of different fats and oils, which is essential for the establishment of public health policies to control the prevalence of metabolic disorders in the global population. The purpose of this review is to examine data from different studies and dietary intervention performed in animal models, as well as humans with the consumption of coconut oil, soybean oil, lard and their link to obesity. In addition, it sheds light on the intracellular metabolism and the changes in gene expression caused by the different dietary fat, elucidating the sex differences in obesity. It also emphasizes the public health policies and the different nutritional recommendations associated to the consumption of dietary fats. Taken together, the different studies showed evidence that high intake of coconut oil, soybean oil or lard promotes obesity, adiposity and insulin resistance through changes in the expression of inflammatory genes in a sex-dependent manner. However, it was revealed that soybean oil is more obesogenic than coconut oil and lard.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN AIKA TERHADAP PERILAKU KEAGAMAAN SISWA DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH SEWON BANTUL YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Syafitri Yunita , Tago Mahli Zainuddin
Published: August 2022

Humans are creations of Allah who have special features when compared to other creatures. The privilege is determined by his mind and conscience and is constantly growing and developing. Child development is always followed by growth both physically and psychologically. Growth itself means physiological changes as a result of the process of maturing physical functions that take place normally in children supported by environmental factors and the learning process. Religious education is one of the three subject matters that must be included in the curriculum of every formal education institution in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of learning Islamic religious education on the religious behavior of grade V and VI students at SD Muhammadiyah, to determine the effect of Muhammadiyah education on religious behavior of grade V and VI students at SD Muhammadiyah. as well as knowing the effect of Islamic religious education and Muhammadiyah education simultaneously on the religious behavior of grade V and VI students at SD Muhammadiyah. This type of research is correlational with a quantitative approach. The research sample consisted of 73 students at Muhammadiyah elementary schools in Sewon District, Kab. Bantul Yogyakarta with sampling proportionate stratified random sampling using the Slovin formula. The results of this study indicate that the variables of Islamic religious education and Muhammadiyah education have a positive influence on students' religious behavior. Whereas in the hypothesis test it was concluded that there was an influence between Islamic religious education on students' religious behavior by 16.5%, the effect of Muhammadiyah education on students' religious behavior was 15.2%, the effect of Islamic religious education and Muhammadiyah education on students' religious behavior was 31.7. % and the remaining 68.3% is influenced by other variables outside the model included in this study.
Visual Discrete Format: An Alternative to Likert-Type Formats of Survey Items Sensitive Enough to Measure Small Changes in Stable Constructs Such as Self-Concept in Science
Authors: Solis Daniel , Hutchinson David , Longnecker Nancy
Published: August 2022

A visual discrete format was developed for use in surveys as an alternative to a Likert-type format to measure changes in a relatively stable construct before and after an intervention. Visitors to a science centre ranging in age from 8 years old upwards were asked to complete surveys that included a seven-item questionnaire scale on self-concept in science using either the Likert-type format (n=446) or the visual discrete format (n=375), before and after their visit. A new set of statements to assess self-concept in science were developed and validated so they could be conducted on either format. Matched responses were used to calculate internal consistency, standard deviation, confidence interval and percentage of missing values; these were all similar for both formats. In the visual discrete format, text labels were replaced by visual labels with a single image of different size for each response option. While a Likert-type format describes a level of agreement/disagreement with a specific item, the visual discrete format relates more to choosing the best reflection of the self in relation to that item. The Likert-type format included a set of emoji in its descriptions to appeal to younger participants. The visual discrete questionnaire scale detected a small increase with medium effect size in self-concept in science after the visit to the science centre while the Likert-type questionnaire scale did not detect any change. This suggests the proposed new format can not only be a viable and useful alternative, but potentially more sensitive under certain conditions.
Attitudes of Teachers to Using Information and Communication Technology in Teaching – Advantages and Obstacles
Authors: Novković Cvetković Biljana , Arsić Zvezdan , Cenić Dragan
Published: August 2022

This paper analyses the attitudes of teachers to using information and communication technology in teaching. The study was conducted on a sample of 269 teachers in the Republic of Serbia. The purpose of this research is to look at the intensity of ICT use in teaching, as well as to identify the benefits and obstacles that teachers face when using this technology. The study was based on a descriptive research methodology. Surveying and scaling techniques were used to measure the attitudes of teachers. It was concluded that teachers often use ICT in teaching. The greatest advantage of ICT use, as seen by teachers, is improved quality of teaching, a possibility to deliver interesting lessons and quick and easy access to information. The greatest obstacles emphasized by teachers were underdeveloped competencies of teachers, limited access to ICT in schools and insufficient trust in the use of new technologies.
Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies in Foreign Language Listening Comprehension at The Studies of Tourism – Students’ Preference and University Lecturers’ Utility Rating
Authors: Pešić Dragana
Published: August 2022

Being the primary channel of incoming information in spoken communication, listening comprehension is one of the key skills of the second language acquisition to be mastered. Since it is a complex concept implying different types of knowledge, it is assumed nowadays that improving strategic behaviour of students would lead to a more efficient use of listening comprehension. Thus, the aim of the present study is to gain the insight into the strategic behaviour of the freshmen university students through testing cognitive and metacognitive strategy preferences. Moreover, the study included strategy utility rating by university lecturers. The study employed a questionnaire to draw data that were processed by means of mathematical statistics and utility value analysis, whereas the use of Pareto analysis pointed to the set of preferable strategies. The results obtained in the study testify to rather uniform preference ascribed to listening comprehension cognitive and metacognitive strategies by skilled and less skilled first-year university students. On the other hand, the results obtained by university lecturers are consistent with the current literature on the issue. Thus, the set of desirable strategies points to the cognitive strategies of linguistic inferencing, global prediction and academic and world elaboration, i.e. metacognitive strategies of monitoring, directed attention and evaluation as those contributing most to efficient listening comprehension.
Function, Role, Limitation, and Potential of Space Syntax Analysis in Architectural Field
Authors: Khairanisa Fitria
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the function, roles, limitations, and potential of spatial configuration analysis with Space Syntax. The development of digital technology affects the development of science, including in the field of architecture. Digital technology is not only a design visualization tool but also a part of the design process and a thinking tool for architects in designing. One of them is the Space Syntax program. Space Syntax is a quantitative analysis tool used to analyze the pattern of relationships between spaces in various forms of architectural space: buildings, cities, interiors, and landscapes. The method used in this research is the literature study method. Data collection techniques are collecting several sources from the internet and journal references that discuss using the Space Syntax program. The results of this study indicate that Space Syntax has a function, roles, limitations, and potential in analyzing architectural space. SpaceSyntax can explore various horizontal space scales, including buildings objects and urban areas. However, the findings show that Space Syntax has limitations. Some studies use a combination of other methods to overcome this limitation. The combination method also raises the potential of Space Syntax as an analysis tool in the architectural field.
Human Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil Phenotypes Generated in vitro
Authors: Rodríguez Fernando Marcos , Carabajal-Miotti Claudia Leonor , Ruiz de Frattari Susana Graciela , Haydee Vargas Adriana , González-Silva Natalio Emilio , Novak Ivon Teresa Clara
Published: August 2022

Background: There are a variety of polymorphonuclear neutrophil phenotypes described in different species and health or disease situations. 

Objective: Study human neutrophil phenotypes generated in vitro. Methods: Heparinized human blood samples were collected with ethical consent. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils purification and autologous cultures was performed. Neutrophil stimulation was performed with LPS, fMLP or OVA. Immunofluorescence was applied. 

Results: “Polymorphonuclear neutrophil-antigen presenting cell” profile was generated in vitro, expressing CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR molecules. Immunofluorescence analysis show: CD80 expression, significant differences between CTFT control and CTFT fMLP (p<0.05), CTFT control and CTFT OVA (p<0.0001). CD86 expression, significant differences between CTFT control and CTFT fMLP (p<0.05), CTFT control and CTFT LPS (p<0.05), CTFT control and CTFT OVA (p<0.0001). HLA-DR expression, significant differences between CTFT control and CTFT LPS (p<0.05). About “Polymorphonuclear neutrophil-CD4-CD45RO” profile, analysis show: CD4 expression, significant differences between CTFT control and CTFT fMLP (p<0.05). CD45RO expression, no significant differences. “Polymorphonuclear neutrophil-antigen presenting cell” phenotype, released NETs with CD80, CD86 at 30 minutes: paired control samples (7.4%), stimulated with LPS (12.69%), fMLP (16.67%) and OVA (18.47%). HLA-DR expression in NETs, at 30 minutes, in paired control samples (0%), stimulated with LPS (16.17%). At 17 hs, in paired control samples (0%), with OVA stimulation (4.54%). “Polymorphonuclear neutrophil-CD4-CD45RO” phenotype, released NETs expressing CD4 and C45RO molecules. At 30 minutes, in paired control samples (0%), stimulated with LPS (7.67%), fMLP (6.38%) and OVA (0%).

Conclusions: Molecules expressed by phenotypes can play a relevant role by influencing cellular microenvironment and can be taken into account as possible therapeutic targets.
Love and the Capacity to Love An Ontological Analysis of Love According to Ibn Sina and Thomas Aquinas
Authors: Albertus Joni
Published: August 2022

This paper will elaborate on the different concepts of love as offered by Thomas Aquinas and Ibn Sina; two prominent thinkers representing the Christian and Islamic tradition. Ris?lah f? al- ishq (The Treatise on Love) of Ibn Sina is comparable in terms of theological and philosophical approaches to the Aquinas treatment of love in Summa Theologiae II-IIae q.23, a.2. I argue that since Ibn Sinas ontological definition of love is related tightly to his cosmogony, then there is no rigid distinction between the love of the Pure Being and the contingent beings. Love acts as a medium of unification and perfection towards the Pure Being. The different levels of love are already determined in the contingent beings according to the principle of harmonia during the emanative process. For Aquinas, love is present only in the rational being as it is a grace of God, the Holy Spirit himself. But this similar notion of Aristotelian harmonia in Aquinas (1) would never be able to blur the wide, apparent discrepancy between God and human beings. (2) Through the model of rational love as an intellectual counsel, we can see that there is no sense of determinism on Aquinas concept of rational love.
Theological Study of Power Ministry in the Community of Churches
Authors: Andrian Tonny
Published: August 2022

The church is a legacy of the Kingdom of God which is owned by Jesus Christ, which also involves the participation of the Holy Spirit through believers of Jesus Christ as their Lord and Savior, where they serve one another in the unity of the Body of Christ, worship God through the worship of the people. believe, and proclaim the complete testimony of life and the gospel of Christ, the Kingdom of God (Evangelism) for the ecclesiastical community and the world. The church is a supernatural life, namely the existence of power, divine events as recorded in the Bible, so that church service is a powerful ministry, although often church services are natural and routine services. Thus the study of the theology of power ministry concerns the exegesis of the use of the words "power" and "energy", and the movement of the ministry of the Lord Jesus Christ, including the disciples who are always accompanied by demonstrations of Divine Power, including the essence of the Kingdom of God, which is related to the meaning of the salvation of His renewal, and the role The Holy Spirit who gives gifts of the Spirit based on the grace of the power of the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ. The study of this theological foundation is necessary so that the meaning of powerful ministry can be understood clearly, including its application in the life of the ecclesiastical community.
Ecotheological Dimensions of Roko Molas Poco in the Tradition of Making Traditional Houses of the Manggarai Community - NTT
Authors: Denar Benny , Juhani Sefrianus , Riyanto Armada
Published: August 2022

This article aims to show and introduce ecotheological values of “roko molas poco” ritual in the tradition of making traditional houses of Manggarai people – west Flores – East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The approach used in collecting information about these rituals is qualitative, using ethnographic method. The result of this research is that the “roko molas poco” ritual ini the tradition of making traditional houses of Manggarai people has very rich messages and ecothelogical values. These values can be used as important themes for inculturation of environmental theology in Manggarai people who are mostly Catholics and generally still adhere to their ancestors’ traditions and culture. These values can be used as important themes for inculturation of environmental theology in Manggarai people who are mostly Catholics and generally still adhere to the traditions and culture of their ancestors. It is believed that by strengthening ecotheological inculturation, ecological pastoral efforts in preventing a massive influx of ecological destruction can be easily carried out.
The Catholic Baptism Fulfills the Longing for Salvation at Ruwatan : Pastoral Circle Approach Overview
Authors: Kristanto, Antonius Koko , Martasudjita E.P.D.
Published: August 2022

Javanese Catholic people live in the midst of Javanese culture with its traditions that are still preserved. Out of these traditions, the Javanese people still keep the ruwatan ceremony. Javanese Catholics often question whether or not ruwatan is permissible according to the teachings of the Catholic Church. In this particular topic, the theological question arises regarding whether it is still necessary to seek salvation through rituals, while salvation has been fully accomplished through Jesus Christ and received in the Sacrament of Baptism. In answering this theological problem, the writer uses the pastoral circle method from the theory of Joe Holland & Peter Henriot. Meanwhile, to analyze the ruwatan ritual, the writer uses Victor Turner’s theory regarding the three stages of the rite of passage.
Investigating Teachers’ Beliefs about the Issues Affecting their Assessment of the Writing Skills: The Case of First-Year EFL Teachers at the University of Algiers 2
Authors: Choubane Mounira
Published: August 2022

The current study intends to investigate teachers’ beliefs about the issues encountered by writing teachers when they assess writing skills at the University of Algiers2. It also examines the factors which lie behind these challenges. Understanding the nature of the perceived challenges of assessing writing is very important to rethink the assessment practices of writing skills. Therefore, this study addresses the following research question: what are teachers’ beliefs about the issues encountered when assessing students’ writing skills? In this concern, the researcher adopted mixed method research to collect data by using a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview with ten teachers of writing selected randomly in the English department at the University of Algiers 2. Findings revealed that almost all teachers viewed the process of assessing writing as a very challenging task. Examples of the difficulties identified in this research include students’ language problems, teachers’ confusion between focusing on the content or the form, time pressure, overloaded classes, and lack of sufficient time to assess students’ writing skills. Regarding the reasons behind these perceived challenges, teachers believed that the abovementioned issues stemmed from the lack of participation in a professional development program, low teaching load, and students’ lack of intensive practice. This research provided a set of pedagogical implications to overcome these issues by calling for an emphasis on the importance of teachers’ participation in a professional development program, reinforcement of teachers’ training in the field of assessment, and the encouragement of students’ intensive practice, and a sufficient teaching load.
The Use of Social Media Text-Based Exercises to Promote University Students’ Knowledge of Non-Academic and Academic English Language
Authors: Sriwichai Chuanpit
Published: August 2022

In this digital era, students tend to write more for non-academic purposes on social media platforms by using informal language. Consequently, they become familiar with the informal writing style and use non-academic language in academic writing. This research, therefore, aims to discover 1) what are the results of using the social media text-based exercises developed by the researchers in promoting university students’ knowledge of non-academic and academic English language, and 2) what are the students’ attitudes toward the use of social media text-based exercises. The instruments included four sets of social media text-based exercises, a pre-test, a post-test, and an open-ended questionnaire. Participants were 96 third-year English major students enrolling in the Academic Writing course, sections 1, 2, and 3 in the 1st semester, the academic year 2021 of a university in Thailand. The findings showed that the social media text-based exercises were effective in promoting the students’ knowledge of the non-academic and academic language. Questionnaire respondents expressed great attitudes toward the exercises. They believed the materials enabled them to analyze and identify distinct features of the registers in non-academic and academic writing. Additionally, they mentioned that learning through the exercises was interesting, enjoyable, and understandable. The study also provided suggestions for improving the exercises.
Beyond Agamben’s ‘Homo Sacer’
Authors: Olivier Bert
Published: August 2022

The current ‘pandemic’ is approached through the lens of (mainly) the concept of Homo sacer, elaborated on by Giorgio Agamben (1998). Taking the work of Michel Foucault on the ‘disciplinary society’ and ‘bio-politics’ further, and drawing on the role played by the principle of homo sacer in antiquity, Agamben uncovers the disconcerting extent to which this principle has become generalised in contemporary societies. In antiquity, the principle of ‘sacred man/human’ was invoked in cases where someone was exempted from ritual sacrifice, but simultaneously seen as ‘bare life’, and therefore as being fit for execution. Agamben argues that the sphere of ‘sacred life’ has grown immensely since ancient times in so far as the modern state arrogates to itself the right to wield biopolitical power over ‘bare life’ in a manner analogous to ancient practices, and finds in the concentration camp the contemporary paradigm of this phenomenon. Arguing that today we witness a further downward step in the treatment of humans as ‘bare life’, these concepts are employed as a heuristic for bringing into focus current practices under the aegis of the COVID-19 ‘pandemic’. In particular, here the spotlight falls on those areas where burgeoning ‘bare life’ practices can be detected, namely ‘origin of the virus’ and ‘lethal vaccines’. In an upcoming second article, other aspects are addressed, as well as the question of commensurate psychotherapy.
Spontaneous Expulsion of a Bronchial Foreign Body
Authors: Mohd Baki Addina , Che Mohd Amin Anis , Ali Ahmad Hafiz , Mohamad Irfan
Published: August 2022

Foreign body aspirations represent a life-threatening emergency and continue to pose challenges to the otorhinolaryngology team. The mainstay of treatment remains bronchoscopy, and early removal should be performed to prevent complications. Spontaneous expulsion of an airway foreign body is a rare entity with few cases reported. Additionally, its occurrence and associated complications are still unclear. Besides, an expelled foreign body can be swallowed, migrate to another location, or lodge in a subglottic area. We are reporting an unusual case of a young man who accidentally inhaled a thumb pin. However, the foreign body was expelled without any complications after he suddenly had a severe bout of cough.
Development of Arabic Language Learning Model Based on Bi'ah Lugawiyyah to Improve Student's Speaking Skills in Islamic Religious College
Authors: Takdir  , Ahmad Arifin , Abdul Gani Hamsu
Published: August 2022

Learning Arabic in universities has not yet utilized the language environment as a learning resource. Improve speaking skills in Arabic cannot be separated from the language environment. This study aims to produce a valid, practical, and effective Arabic learning model to improve students' Arabic speaking skills at Islamic religious colleges. This research is research and development by adopting the ADDIE design by Branch, which consists of five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluations. The research subjects involved 23 university students for the practicality and effectiveness test and two experts for the validity test. Data collection techniques were carried out using instruments such as questionnaires, interviews, observation sheets, and tests of Arabic speaking skills. Qualitative and quantitative methods then analyzed the data. The data analysis showed that the bi'ah lugawiyyah-based Arabic learning model was tested to be valid, practical and effective in improving students' Arabic speaking skills at Islamic universities.
The mediating effect of intrinsic motivation between goal orientation and job crafting
Authors: Lee Sumin , Suh Yongwon
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine whether intrinsic motivation acts as a psychological mechanism that induces members' job crafting behavior in the relationship between goal orientation and job crafting. To explore this, we collected data by surveying full-time workers aging 19 or older online and used 333 participants for the final analysis. The results showed that mastery goal orientation positively predicted intrinsic motivation, and performance-approach goal orientation positively predicted both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Also, performance-avoidance goal orientation statically predicted extrinsic motivation. In addition, intrinsic motivation had a positive effect on job crafting, and relationship between goal orientation and job crafting was mediated by intrinsic motivation. Besides, a competition model was set up to check whether there is a mediating effect of extrinsic motivation on job crafting and compared with the research model. As a result, the research model that mediates job crafting only with intrinsic motivation was found to be a suitable and simple model. The implications and limitations of this study and directions for future research are addressed in the final part.
The Effect of Psychological Bonds toward One’s Workgroup and Organization on Innovative Behavior:
Authors: Kim Seonok , Cha Oona
Published: August 2022

Using the concept of affective commitment and two types of group cohesion, i.e., social cohesion and task cohesion, this research attempts to study the impact of psychological bonds toward one’s workgroup and organization on innovative behavior through voice behavior. The study also considered promotive and prohibitive voice behavior together in the model to determine their relative impact on innovative behavior. Thus, using the structural equation modeling, the effects of three antecedents-affective commitment, social cohesion, and task cohesion-on innovative behavior through both promotive and prohibitive voice were examined in an integrated model. A total of 350 online survey responses from Chinese employees were used for analyses. First, only affective commitment and social cohesion positively affected innovative behavior through employee voice behavior; task cohesion did not have significant effects on either voice or innovative behavior. Second, both promotive voice and prohibitive voice were found to have a positive effect on innovative behavior. However, the indirect effect of voice behavior on innovative behavior was significant only for promotive voice but not for prohibitive voice. Implications were discussed.
PENERAPAN DISTANCE LEARNING PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DAN BUDI PEKERTI DI SMA NEGERI KOTA BIMA
Authors: Andi Achruh  , Saprin  , Isradin Isradin
Published: August 2022

Analisi perencanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh serta proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh dan evaluasinya pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Karakter di SMA Negeri Kota Bima. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, lokasi penelitian di Kota Bima, dengan menggunakan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Kemudian teknik pengolahan data ialah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persiapan guru dalam penerapan pembelajaran jarak jauh menggunakan aplikasi Whatsapp proses Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh dimulai dengan menyiapkan media perangkat pembelajaran sementara pelaksanaannya terdiri dari pengenalan kegiatan, inti kegiatan dan kegiatan Menutup setelah itu berulah dievaluasi kegiatan dengan mengacu pada aspek kognitif, efektif dan psikomotorik.
Forest communities in secondary high Andean forests (Azuay, Ecuador)
Authors: Jadán Oswaldo , Toledo Cristian , Tepán Braulio , Cedillo Hugo , Peralta Ángel , Zea Pedro , Castro Patricio , Vaca Carlos
Published: August 2022

In the mountains of southern Ecuador there are areas occupied by high Andean secondary forests formed as a result of anthropogenic activities. Here we identified different secondary forest communities located above 2,900 m a.s.l., based on their floristic similarity. In each community the floristic composition was described by total, exclusive and shared species. Estimation curves were used to provide richness and diversity metrics. Structure was analyzed according to abundance and basal area. In addition, the role of environmental variables in explaining floristic conformation and structure was evaluated through principal component and redundancy analysis. Three forest communities were identified. The highest value in diversity and basal area was for the community located at the highest altitude and lowest temperature. Variation in species composition was explained by climatic and geographic environmental variables, density by edaphic and climatic variables, and basal area by topographic variables. Species richness and basal area did not show a similar altitudinal distribution pattern with other Andean tropical forests. Therefore, it was deduced that floristic variation, species richness and basal area are also explained by the chronological age of secondary succession, as shown by indicator species belonging to different ecological groups. It was concluded that floristic composition, richness and vegetation structure in forest communities of high Andean secondary forests are influenced by climatic, topographic, physiographic and geographic variables linked to the age of succession.
Thinking about the development of solar energy resources in Wulian County, Shandong Province
Authors: Chen Zhichao
Published: August 2022

In order to cope with the shortage of conventional energy and curb the sustainable development of global warming, it expounds on the natural conditions and national policies for the development of solar energy in Wulian County, and points out that the development and utilization of solar energy resources is an inevitable trend to cope with climate change, introduces the current situation of solar energy utilization in Wulian County, as well as the lack of specific policies and perfect economic subsidy measures, insufficient understanding of the strategic significance of solar energy resources, the fact that resource advantages have not been converted into economic advantages, and the prospects for solar energy utilization, such as solar water heaters. Solar ovens, solar cells, and solar power generation were analyzed, and the development and utilization of solar energy resources were promoted by formulating mandatory policies for the development and utilization of new energy, government incentive subsidies, and formulating development plans.
Research on solar energy resource assessment and development pathway in Singapore
Authors: Bai Su , Gao Yi
Published: August 2022

Solar energy is the only renewable energy source likely to be developed on a large scale in Singapore. Singapore has limited land resources. According to the land use, the solar energy exploitable areas can be divided into five categories: rooftop photovoltaic, building surface photovoltaic, land-based photovoltaic, floating photovoltaic and infrastructure photovoltaic. The total development area of each type of photovoltaic is about 3,680 × 104 m2. According to the assessment, Singapore has about 968 × 104 kW in 2050, of which distributed solar energy accounted for about 74%. Roof, building and infrastructure photovoltaic mainly adopt distributed development with high cost of per kWh; land-based and floating photovoltaic mainly adopt centralized development with low cost. According to the cost reduction speed and development degree of various kinds of solar energy, two solar energy development paths from 2030 to 2050 are proposed, namely, the full development path and the economic development path. The full development path aims at the full development of solar energy potential, and the economic development path considers the kilowatt-hour cost of solar energy development. The difference between the two paths focuses on the development degree of rooftop photovoltaic and building surface photovoltaic. Under the full development path, the electrification level reaches 61%, 16 percentage points higher compared with the economic development path; the installed renewable energy capacity reaches 51%, 19 percentage points higher compared with the economic development path. On the basis of two solar energy development paths, two 2050 energy scenarios adapted to different solar energy development paths are proposed. Singapore is unable to be carbon neutral in either development path or needs to increase transnational transmission.
Spatial and temporal characteristics of China’s water footprint of energy and its matching relationship with water resources
Authors: Guan Wei , Zhao Xiangning , Xu Shuting
Published: August 2022

Energy and water resources are very important for human survival and social development. Energy and water footprint can reflect the real occupation of water resources in the process of energy production. Based on the energy and water footprint evaluation model, this paper calculates the life cycle water footprint of fossil energy and power production in 30 provinces (cities and autonomous regions) in China, studies the temporal and spatial pattern evolution characteristics of China’s raw coal, crude oil, natural gas, hydropower and thermal power from 2004 to 2016, and analyzes the spatial matching relationship between China’s energy and water footprint and water resources. The results show that: (1): during the study period, the water footprint of fossil energy increases first and then decreases with 2012 as the boundary. The rapid growth of hydropower water footprint promotes the continuous growth of power water footprint. (2): In terms of spatial pattern, the water footprint of fossil energy increases in the West and decreases in the East with the Huhuanyong line as the boundary, and the Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Shaanxi region as the high-value concentration area; in the power water footprint, there is a significant spatial boundary between hydropower water footprint and thermal power water footprint. The rapid growth of hydropower water footprint has gradually formed a high-value concentration area of power water footprint in the Yangtze River Basin, the Pearl River Basin and the southeast coast. (3): The spatial matching degree of energy and water footprint and water resources fluctuates and declines in the pattern of high in the south and low in the north. The spatial matching degree of fossil energy and water footprint is lower than that of electric power and water resources. The energy water contradiction between raw coal production and thermal power generation is the most prominent. One third of the country has the problem of energy water mismatch. North China with high energy and water footprint has great pressure on energy water matching. The contradiction between energy production and water resources allocation still exists. Truly reflect the matching relationship between energy and water footprint and water resources, help to optimize the comprehensive management of energy and water resources, and provide a quantitative basis for maximizing the energy water synergy.