bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Software Quality Assurance Approaches in Development Models
Authors: Silva D. I. , Siriwardana L. K. B.
Published: October 2023

This study presents a comprehensive comparison of software quality assurance techniques across several software development methodologies. It addresses critical knowledge gaps by examining the application of quality assurance processes, associated challenges, and outcomes in diverse software development contexts. The study covers a wide spectrum of development approaches, including classical Waterfall procedures and Agile alternatives such as Scrum, Kanban, Iterative, and Extreme Programming. The research delves into the responsibilities, experiences, and domains of experts involved in these approaches, providing valuable insights into the realm of software development approaches. Key findings of the study underscore the pervasive use of core testing approaches such as regression testing, unit testing, integration testing, performance testing, and security testing. The study also emphasizes the importance of guaranteeing requirement traceability, as well as providing insights on the technologies utilized for this purpose. Moreover, the research highlights the critical importance of achieving comprehensive test coverage and provides insights into a range of techniques for accomplishing this goal. The paper discusses the challenges encountered while testing complicated or interconnected software systems and offers practical solutions such as shift-left testing and exploratory testing to mitigate them. Notably, it highlights the substantial financial benefits derived from effective quality assurance processes, including reduced defect-fixing costs, minimized rework, optimized resource utilization, and heightened customer retention. Moreover, the paper delves into cost-effective quality assurance solutions and assesses the impact of quality assurance practices on user experience and customer satisfaction.
An integrin-targeting AAV developed using a novel computational rational design methodology presents improved targeting of the skeletal muscle and reduced liver tropism
Authors: Hong Ai Vu , Suel Laurence , Poupiot Jérôme , Richard Isabelle
Published: October 2023

Current adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy using nature-derived AAVs is limited by non-optimal tissue targeting. In the treatment of muscular diseases (MD), high doses are therefore often required, but can lead to severe adverse effects. To lower treatment doses, we rationally designed an AAV that specifically targets skeletal muscle. We employed a novel computational design that integrated binding motifs of integrin alpha V beta 6 (αVβ6) into a liver-detargeting AAV capsid backbone to target the human αVβ6 complex – a selected AAV receptor for skeletal muscle. After sampling the low-energy capsid mutants, all in silico designed AAVs showed higher productivity compared to their parent. We confirmed in vitro that the enhanced transduction is due to the binding to the αVβ6 complex. Thanks to inclusion of αVβ6-binding motifs, the designed AAVs exhibited enhanced transduction efficacy in human differentiated myotubes as well as in murine skeletal muscles in vivo. One notable variant, LICA1, showed similar muscle transduction to other published myotropic AAVs, while being significantly more strongly liver-detargeted. We further examined the efficacy of LICA1, in comparison to AAV9, in delivering therapeutic transgenes in two mouse MD models at a low dose of 5E12 vg/kg. At this dose, AAV9 was suboptimal, while LICA1 transduced effectively and significantly better than AAV9 in all tested muscles. Consequently, LICA1 corrected the myopathology, restored global transcriptomic dysregulation, and improved muscle functionality. These results underline the potential of our design method for AAV engineering and demonstrate the relevance of the novel AAV variant for gene therapy treatment of MD.
Gut microbiota dysbiosis in hyperuricemia promotes renal injury through the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Zhou Xinghong , Ji Shuai , Chen Liqian , Liu Xiaoyu , Deng Yijian , You Yanting , Wang Ming , He Qiuxing , Peng Baizhao , Yang Ying , Chen Xiaohu , Kwan Hiu Yee , Zhou Lin , Chen Jieyu , Zhao Xiaoshan
Published: October 2023

Background
The prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA), a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of uric acid, is on the rise, and it is frequently associated with renal injury. Gut microbiota and gut-derived uremic toxins as the critical mediators in the gut-kidney axis that cause damage to kidney function. Gut dysbiosis has been implicated in various kidney diseases. However, the role of microbiota in HUA-induced renal injury and the underlying mechanism reminds unknown.
Results
Uricase-knockout(UOX−/−) rats is a model of HUA exhibited renal function impairment, renal tubular injury, fibrosis, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and compromised intestinal barrier functions. The 16S rRNA sequencing and function prediction revealed an abnormal gut microbiota profile and activation of pathways associated with uremic toxin production. Metabolomic analysis further confirmed the increase of renal uremic toxins. To provide additional evidence, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was conducted, where mice recolonized with HUA microbiota exhibited severe renal injury and compromised intestinal barrier functions following renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) surgery. Notably, in NLRP3-knockout (NLRP3-/-) I/R mice, the deleterious effects of HUA microbiota on renal injury and intestinal barrier were eliminated.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that HUA-induced gut dysbiosis promotes the development of renal injury, possibly by promoting the production of gut-derived uremic toxins and subsequently activating NLRP3 inflammasome. Our data suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal disease by targeting the microbiota and NLRP3 inflammasome.
Acute Sodium Bicarbonate Administration Improves Ventilatory Efficiency in Experimental Respiratory Acidosis: Clinical Implications
Authors: Adrogué Horacio J. , Madias Nicolaos E.
Published: October 2023

Administering sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) to patients with respiratory acidosis breathing spontaneously is contraindicated because it increases carbon dioxide load and depresses pulmonary ventilation. Nonetheless, several studies have reported salutary effects of NaHCO3 in patients with respiratory acidosis but the underlying mechanism remains uncertain. Considering that such reports have been ignored, we examined the ventilatory response of unanesthetized dogs with respiratory acidosis to hypertonic NaHCO3 infusion (1 N, 5 mmol/kg) and compared it with that of animals with normal acid-base status or one of the remaining acid-base disorders. Ventilatory response to NaHCO3 infusion was evaluated by examining the ensuing change in PaCO2 and the linear regression of the PaCO2 vs. pH relationship. Strikingly, PaCO2 failed to increase and the ΔPaCO2 vs. ΔpH slope was negative in respiratory acidosis, whereas PaCO2 increased consistently and the ΔPaCO2 vs. ΔpH slope was positive in the remaining study groups. These results cannot be explained by differences in buffering-induced decomposition of infused bicarbonate or baseline levels of blood pH, PaCO2, and pulmonary ventilation. We propose that NaHCO3 infusion improved the ventilatory efficiency of animals with respiratory acidosis, i.e., it decreased their ratio of total pulmonary ventilation to carbon dioxide excretion (VE/VCO2). Such exclusive effect of NaHCO3 infusion in animals with respiratory acidosis might emanate from baseline increased VD/VT (dead space/tidal volume) caused by bronchoconstriction and likely reduced pulmonary blood flow, defects that are reversed by alkali infusion. Our observations might explain the beneficial effects of NaHCO3 reported in patients with acute respiratory acidosis.
Clinical mycology capacity and access to antifungal treatment in Portugal
Authors: Fernandes Raquel , Carvalho Agostinho , Salmanton-García Jon , Cunha Cristina , Sabino Raquel , Cornely Oliver
Published: October 2023

The success of the clinical management of invasive fungal diseases (IFD) is highly dependent on the availability of suitable tools for the timely and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. Unfortunately, the lack of appropriate diagnostic tools remains still one major hurdle contributing to the high mortality rates associated with these infections. An in-depth analysis of the ability of European institutions to promptly and accurately diagnose IFD was previously conducted to identify limitations and aspects to improve. Here, we evaluated and discuss the specific case of Portugal, for which, to our knowledge, there are no reports describing the national mycological diagnostic capacity and access to antifungal treatments. Data from 16 Portuguese medical institutions were collected via an online electronic case report form covering different parameters, including institution profile, self-perceived IFD incidence, target patients, diagnostic methods and reagents, and available antifungals. The majority of participating institutions (69%) reported a low-very low incidence of IFD, with Candida spp. indicated as the most relevant fungal pathogen, followed by Aspergillus spp., and Cryptococcus spp. All the institutions had access to culture and microscopy, whereas 94% and 88% were able to run antigen-detection assays and molecular tests, respectively. Regarding the antifungal availability in the country, 100% of the institutions capable of providing antifungal therapy, declared to have access to at least one formulation. However, echinocandins were only available at 85% of the sites. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) was reported to remain a very restricted practice in Portugal, being available in 19% of the institutions, with the TDM of itraconazole and posaconazole performed in only 6% of them. Importantly, despite some of these resources being well-represented among Portuguese institutions, most of them are outsourced to external entities. With the exception of TDM, Portugal appears to be well-prepared with regard to the overall capacity to diagnose and treat IFD. Future efforts should focus on promoting the widespread availability of TDM and improved access to multiple classes of antifungals, to further improve patient outcomes.
Identification and analysis of autophagy-related key genes in recurrent pregnancy loss based on integrative bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhuo Ai-Ping , Huang Wu-Jia , Tang Li-Chao , Gao Meng , Xie Jia-Xin , Wu Yan-Hong , Yang Ming-xin , Mao Meng-Li , Nie Jia , Fu Xia-Fei
Published: October 2023

Background
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a common gynecological and obstetric condition. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying RPL remain unclear. Studies have suggested that autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RPL. Therefore, this study aimed to identify key genes related to autophagy in RPL using bioinformatics analysis.
Results
A total of 517 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with significant differences in expression between the RPL and control groups, including IRGQ, NCSTN, IRF2BP1, TSPAN14, PCGF1, ZNF90, PSIP1, SNRPE, LOC148709, and C2orf69. Six autophagy-related DEGs were screened and identified as hub genes, namely FAM115A, RGS11, TRIM59, CENPK, GLRX, and P2RY14, which can identify potential biomarkers for RPL. In addition, immune infiltration analysis revealed significant correlations between FAM115A, RGS11, TRIM59, and monocytes. In patients with RPL, the BILE ACID METABOLISM and KRAS SIGNALING DN signaling pathways were significantly upregulated, whereas FAM115A was associated with several pathways, including HALLMARK_XENOBIOTIC_METABOLISM. The RNA-binding protein (RBP)-mRNA network demonstrated a regulatory relationship between hub mRNA and its RBP, further revealing the correlation between them.
Conclusions
Six key hub DEGs related to autophagy in recurrent miscarriages were identified. These may serve as potential biomarkers with differential abilities in patients with RPL, further providing a theoretical basis for the prediction and diagnosis of the condition.
"Unusual" viral diseases after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a multicenter, retrospective study
Authors: Lin Zhimin , Wu Yanjun , Zhang Yanming , Cao Junjie , Lin Guoqiang , Wang Tingjing , Xia Jing , Tang Xiaowen , Xue Shengli , Jin Zhengming , Wu Depei , Chen Feng , Zhao Ye
Published: October 2023

Objective
To observe the risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis of "unusual" viral diseases except "common" viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) under the background of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation dominated by haploidentical transplantation; to explore the optimal detection strategy for rare viruses.
Method
From April 2018 to June 2023, the "uncommon" virus disease cases other than CMV and EBV diagnosed in 3 transplant centers in China: the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, the Second People's Hospital of Huai'an and the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University were retrospectively observed and analyzed.
Result
There were 10 cases of human adenovirus (HAdV) virus diseases, 7 cases of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) virus diseases and 2 cases of human parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19) virus diseases. Up to the end of follow-up, 1 in 10 HAdV patients had survived and 9 had died, 8 of them died from viral infection and 1 died from recurrence of the primary disease. Of the 7 patients with HHV-6 virus, 6 survived and 1 died from recurrence of the primary disease. Of 2 patients with HPV-B19 virus, 1 survived and 1 died of HPV-B19 pneumonia.
Conclusion
CD3+T cells < 300 /ul, GVHD, ATG, the use of CD25 monoclonal antibody, pre-transplant chimeric antigen receptor T-Cell immunotherapy (CAR-T) or blinatumomab treatment history: may increase the risk of "unusual" viral disease; Pathogenic metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS) of organ-specific samples has the best detection efficiency and can provide information about virus subtypes. The prognosis of HAdV-C infection and HPV-B19 systemic infection is poor, which should be paid more attention to, and high-risk patients should be screened as early as possible.
Intrinsic Piezoelectric Anisotropy of Tetragonal ABO3 Perovskites: A High-Throughput Study
Authors: Jia Fanhao , Xu Shaowen , Hu Shunbo , Chen Jianguo , Wang Yongchen , Li Yuan , Ren Wei , Cheng Jinrong
Published: October 2023

A comprehensive understand of the intrinsic piezoelectric anisotropy stemming from diverse chemical and physical factors is a key step for the rational design of highly anisotropic materials. We performed high-throughput calculations on tetragonal ABO3 perovskites to investigate the piezoelectricity and the interplay between lattice, displacement, polarization and elasticity. Among the 123 types of perovskites, the structural tetragonality is naturally divided into two categories: normal tetragonal (c/a ratio < 1.1) and super-tetragonal (c/a ratio > 1.17), exhibiting distinct ferroelectric, elastic, and piezoelectric properties. Charge analysis revealed the mechanisms underlying polarization saturation and piezoelectricity suppression in the super-tetragonal region, which also produces an inherent contradiction between high d33 and large piezoelectric anisotropy ratio |d33/d31|. The polarization axis and elastic softness direction jointly determine the maximum longitudinal piezoelectric response d33 direction. The validity and deficiencies of the widely utilized |d33/d31| ratio for representing piezoelectric anisotropy were reevaluated.
MIC-GDM Coupled Quantification Model: A New Data-Driven Approach to CBM Reservoir Potential Evaluation
Authors: Luo Jinhui , Chen Yuhua , Zhu Zhen , Wei Chongtao , Sun Luwei , Zhang Huashi , Zhang Huiyuan
Published: October 2023

In coalbed methane (CBM) development, it is imperative to evaluate the reservoir’s potential and identify the favorable areas to achieve higher production. This paper presents a novel quantified model inspired by the reservoir hydrodynamic heterogeneity. Treating the groundwater hydrodynamic zones as the computation units, the Maximal Information Coefficient (MIC) and the Geodetector Model (GDM) are applied to quantify the correlation and the degree of impact of the reservoir parameter on the average daily gas production, respectively. Afterward, an evaluation index system is established and its weight vector is obtained from a Game Theory (GT) model which couples the MIC scores with the GDM q-values. Taking the Gujiao mining area in the northern Qinshui Basin as an example, the reservoir potential classification of the proposed model demonstrates reliability compared to the prior studies and provides a deep insight into the relationship between CBM production and the reservoir heterogeneity. The reservoir spatial heterogeneity, i.e. the differences in hydrodynamics, lead to variations in the ranking of the primary impact factors and result in the uneven production. The model proposed in this study eliminates the subjective influence and can be applied to quantitatively evaluate geoscience issues that are impacted by spatial distribution heterogeneity.
Clinical Outcomes of Pediatric Patients on Topical Ruxolitinib for Acute and Chronic Skin GVHD
Authors: Hudda Zahra , Flannery Amanda , Teusink-Cross Ashley , Davies Stella , Khandelwal Pooja
Published: October 2023

Skin is commonly involved in acute and chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD). Ruxolitinib 1.5% cream is a topical Janus Kinase (JAK)1/2 inhibitor approved for atopic dermatitis and vitiligo but has not been evaluated for treatment of skin GVHD. We conducted a retrospective review of patients with acute or chronic skin GVHD who received topical ruxolitinib. Responses and adverse effects were reviewed. Ten patients, median age 11.5 years (range 0.9-37 years) with acute(n=7) or chronic(n=3) skin GVHD were treated with topical ruxolitinib. Topical ruxolitinib was applied to >20% BSA in all acute GVHD patients and 1 chronic GVHD patient. In 5 evaluable acute skin GVHD patients, 2 had a complete response, 2 had a partial response, and one patient did not respond to topical ruxolitinib. In 2 evaluable chronic GVHD patients, the maculopapular erythematous rash resolved in 1 patient and improved in 1 patient. No infections or allergic reactions to ruxolitinib cream was observed, despite exceeding 20% BSA application. Ruxolitinib topical cream is a promising treatment for acute skin GVHD and non-sclerotic chronic skin GVHD rash.
Test-time Self Supervision for Data Efficient and Cross-domain Robust Particle Tracking in Turbulent Flow
Authors: Zhang Yifei , Gao Huan-ang , Jiang Zhou , Zhao Hao
Published: October 2023

3D particle tracking velocimetry (PTV), which allows the determination of instantaneous velocity, is a key technique for analyzing 3D turbulent flow. While deep learning based methods have fostered advancements in the realm of 3D PTV, they remain heavily dependent on vast volumes of labeled data.This dependency is problematic considering the challenges of collecting particle sets in a large scale, especially when the data collection process is complex or the data itself is rare.Additionally, supervised learning excels primarily with in-domain data, and it may not exhibit the same efficacy with out-of-domain samples.To improve data efficiency and robustness, this paper introduces an innovative test-time self-supervised framework designed for the task of 3D PTV.Notably, we consider an extremely challenging setting of using only 1% data that previous methods use.However, drastically reducing the training samples to this extent can severely hurt performance. To alleviate this, we introduce the zero-divergence loss as an additional regularization mechanism, which draws inspiration from the inherent zero-divergence principle of incompressible fluid's velocity fields.To further enhance cross-domain robustness, we introduce a module named Dynamic Velocimetry Enhancer. During test-time, this module leverages a reconstruction loss to optimize the initial flow predicted by a trained network, enabling the estimated flow to better adjust to unseen samples.Through comprehensive experiments, we reveal that our novel test-time self-supervised framework notably outperforms fully-supervised counterparts with only 1% training samples used by previous methods.Additionally, our cross-domain robustness analysis confirms our framework can naturally generalize to new cases at the merit of test-time optimization. We finally present two evaluations on real-world data in the physical and biological domains, respectively, highlighting the valuable potential for applications in new, noisy real-world scenarios.
The genomic basis of childhood T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Mullighan Charles , Pölönen Petri , Giacomo Danika Di , Seffernick Anna , Elsayed Abdelrahman , Kimura Shunsuke , Benini Francesca , Montefiori Lindsey , Wood Brent , Xu Jason , Chen Changya , Cheng Zhongshan , Newman Haley , Myers Jason , Iacobucci Ilaria , Li Elizabeth , Sussman Jonathan , Hedges Dale , Hui Yawei , Diorio Caroline , Uppuluri Lahari , Frank David , Fan Yiping , Chang Yunchao , Meshinchi Soheil , Ries Rhonda , Shraim Rawan , Li Alexander , Bernt Kathrin , Devidas Meenakshi , Winter Stuart , Dunsmore Kimberley , Inaba Hiroto , Carroll William , Ramirez Nilsa , Philips Aaron , Kriwacki Richard , Yang Jun , Vincent Tiffaney , Loh Mignon , Rampersaud Evadnie , Raetz Elizabeth , Hunger Stephen , Tan Kai , Chang Ti-Cheng , Wu Gang , Pounds Stanley , Teachey David
Published: October 2023

T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a high-risk tumor that has eluded comprehensive genomic characterization, in part due to the high frequency of non-coding genomic alterations resulting in oncogene deregulation. Here we report integrated genome and transcriptome sequencing of T-ALL tumor and remission samples obtained from over 1300 uniformly treated children with T-ALL, coupled with epigenomic and single cell analysis of malignant and normal T cell precursors. Integrated analysis identified 15 subtypes with distinct genomic drivers, gene expression, developmental state and outcome. Integration with chromatin topology analyses enabled elucidation of multiple mechanisms of enhancer deregulation that involve enhancers and genes in a subtype-specific fashion, demonstrating a wide-spread involvement of the noncoding genome that has not been systematically interrogated in prior studies. We show that the immunophenotypically-described, high-risk entity of early T-cell precursor ALL is superseded by a broader category of “ETP-like” leukemia with variable immunophenotype and diverse genomic alterations of a core set of genes encoding regulators of hematopoietic stem cell development. Numerous genetic alterations and disease subtypes emerged as independent predictors of survival and treatment failure in univariable and multivariable outcome models. These findings provide a roadmap for the classification, risk stratification and mechanistic understanding of this disease.
Drone Photogrammetry-Based Meticulous Monitoring and Management of Urban Park Green Space
Authors: Jin Rongye , Xiao Xiangdong
Published: October 2023

Urban park green spaces combine multiple ecological benefits and meet the entertainment and leisure needs of residents, and have attracted the attention of urban managers and various stakeholders. The benefits of urban park green space mainly come from vegetation, facilities, and the spaces they create. To better monitor and manage individual urban parks with data, suitable remote sensing methods and suitable protocols are needed for recording, evaluation, and visualization. Drones have become a potential tool for future monitoring and management of individual urban parks due to their ease of operation, cost-effectiveness, and ability to derive multiple types of data. However, previous relevant studies have not considered the particularity of urban park green space vegetation and the facilities and spaces that provide cultural value. Monitoring of vegetation mainly focused on homogeneous green spaces such as artificial forests, orchards, and street trees. Research on facilities focused on campus, cultural heritage, and road-supporting facilities. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how drones can be used to assess objects of concern (vegetation, facilities, and spaces) in urban park monitoring and management. This study draws inspiration from a variety of drone processing methods to explore a processing workflow and effective data suitable for heterogeneous urban park green spaces, making full use of all data that can be derived from drones. The results show that drones can effectively estimate tree heights through three-dimensional point clouds in heterogeneous green spaces. Missions with high-quality flight parameters have an accuracy comparable to missions targeting homogeneous green areas. At the same time, drones can effectively estimate crown width through orthophotos in heterogeneous green spaces. In addition, drones demonstrate excellent accuracy, efficiency, and good visualization when monitoring facilities and spaces. Therefore, it is feasible and effective to apply various data from drones (i.e., aerial photos, point clouds, orthophotos, and digital surface model (DSM)) in urban park green space monitoring and management. This will contribute significantly to the digital development of urban park green spaces, as well as the advancement of urban landscape ecology, landscape architecture, urban planning, and urban forestry disciplines.
Assessment of Risk Factors and Clinical Impact of Postoperative Diarrhea after Primary Colorectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Chen Ying , Cai Zhongxiang , Liu Ying , Xie Fei , Zhong Jun , Ji Huiqin , Cheng Fan
Published: October 2023

Purposes
The objective of this study was to assess the clinical significance and risk factors for postoperative diarrhea following primary colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery.
Methods
This prospective cohort study included patients with CRC who underwent radical non-stomy surgery between December 2021 and April 2022 at three tertiary care hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Assessment of risk factors and clinical impact of postoperative diarrhea after CRC surgeryby univariate and multifactorial logistic regression.
Results
The incidence of postoperative diarrhea was 20.3% (41/202). Multifactorial regression analysis showed that hypertension and diabetes mellitus were strongly associated with postoperative diarrhea (P=0.035 and P=0.037). Patients who after rectal resection were more likely to have postoperative diarrhea than patients after colectomy (P=0.030). Elevated postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) was a strong predictor of postoperative diarrhea (P＜0.001). The probability of other complications was significantly higher in patients with diarrhea than in those without diarrhea (36.6% and 14.3%, P=0.001), with a significant impact on the development of late intestinal anastomotic fistula and abdominal infection in particular (P=0.001 and P=0.003).
Conclusions
Postoperative diarrhea in CRC is independently predicted by high postoperative CRP, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and rectal resection. Early postoperative diarrhea can cause more serious problems to emerge.
Conservative versus surgical approachs in the treatment of intracapsular condylar fractures: a retrospective study
Authors: Qi JiangHong , Deng Ying , Jiang Ling , Lu Yang , Li Wei
Published: October 2023

Background
Various procedures have been described for the Intracapsular condylar fractures (ICFs), but a lack of consensus on therapeutic methods. This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of conservative management and surgical of intracapsular condylar fractures.
Methods
This was a retrospective study. Thirty-five patients with unilateral or bilateral intracapsular condylar fractures were divided into two groups between April 2013 and April 2017. The patients in the surgery group were treated with open reduction to remove condylar fracture fragments, and those in the conservative treatment group were treated with manual reduction of the temporomandibular joint. Clinical parameters were assessed, including maximum mouth opening, occlusion, radiographic outcomes, complications, condylar reconstruction assessment using three-dimensional computed tomography, and to evaluate the function of the TMJ by observing the mouth opening function, facial shape, and occlusal relationship. The clinical features and demographic data (age, sex, fracture type, etiology, concomitant fracture, and fracture location) were also recorded.
Results
Included in the study were 35 patients (47 sides) with intracapsular condylar fractures. There were 30 male patients (85.71%) and 5 female patients (14.29%), with a mean age of 34.2 years (range: 18–59 years). The main mechanism of injury was road traffic accidents (91.43%). Furthermore, we observed that patients treated with the conservative procedure had less than treated with surgery in terms of complications (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups of patients regarding mouth opening and occluding (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
The results of our study showed no statistically significant difference in the clinical outcomes was found among the groups. Both surgical management and conservative management approaches for intracapsular condylar fractures are associated with significant improvements, but the conservative group had fewer complications.
Radiative Darcy-Forchheimer fluid Flow under Buongiorno model in a Moving Thin Needle with MHD and Entropy Generation
Authors: Jawad Muhammad , Fu Zhuojia
Published: October 2023

In this study, the Darcy-Forchheimer fluid flow in a thin needle with entropy generation is scrutinized. Nonlinear thermal radiation and MHD are considered. The consequences of Darcy flow along with Joule heating effect, Brownian motion and thermophoresis are scrutinized. Variable viscosity as well as thermal conductivity is the art of current study. To get a solution by using HAM, systems of PDEs are transmuted into non-dimensional forms by using similarity transformation. Influence of porosity parameter, Prandtl number, variable viscosity parameter, size of the needle, inertial parameter, buoyancy ratio parameter, MHD and variable thermal conductivity parameters, thermophoresis parameter and Brownian motion parameter on dimensionless cocentration, Sherwood number, velocity, temperature and Nusselt number, skin friction are explored by graphical representation. It is perceived that flow with variable thermal conductivity and viscosity is expressively dissimilar and genuine in associated with constant properties-based flow. Velocity and Temperature profile have converse influence for greater estimate of magnetic field. Larger Prandtl number declines the temperature. Amplification in values of thermal radiation parameters improved the temperature profile.
Geoelectric analysis for groundwater potential assessment and aquifer protection in a part of Shango, Northcentral Nigeria
Authors: Ejepu J.S , Jimoh M.O , Abdullahi S , Abdulfatai A I , Musa S.T , George N.J
Published: October 2023

Groundwater plays a crucial role in sustainable development. This study focuses on the challenges of potable water supply faced by the inhabitants of Shango area, northcentral Nigeria. The objective of this research is to identify suitable sites for new wells and boreholes by leveraging the geological and geoelectrical attributes of existing productive boreholes and hand-dug wells in the area. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) was employed to assess the groundwater potential, aquifer protective capacity and the corrosivity of the overburden units. The VES results revealed five subsurface geoelectric units, each exhibiting distinct characteristics contributing to the lithological variability of the research area. Hydraulic conductivity ranged from 0.465 to 0.534 m/day, while transmissivity varied from 9.589 m²/day to 26.029 m²/day across different VES points. Zones with thick layers and low resistivity values were indicative of high longitudinal conductivity. Regions with low protective capacity were found to be vulnerable to pollution and contamination from leaks, and waste sites. Conversely, regions with high protective capacity and sealing make groundwater pollution in such areas very difficult. Except for one VES point with low groundwater potential and limited withdrawal capacity for local water supply, the aquifers in the study area generally have intermediate designations. The study revealed that all VES points are in practically non-corrosive zones, making them suitable for burying underground tanks without extremely low deterioration rates. Based on geoelectrical characteristics, the study area was divided into three groundwater potential zones: low, medium, and high. These findings provide valuable insights into the groundwater potential and protective capacity of the Shango area, aiding in the sustainable management of water resources.
Integrated valorization of MSW incursion into water resources: a tool for environmental monitoring and assessment near dumpsite areas, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Inyang N.E , George N.J , Ehibor I.U , Ekot A.E , Udoh I.G
Published: October 2023

Sites set aside for the dumping of municipal solid waste (MSW) are not used for any other purposes other than the dumping of refuse. Aside from the stench released from the dumpsites, which pollutes the air, the major issue is the dispersion of leachate from the MSW sites into the groundwater aquifers within the dumpsites and the contiguous groundwater resources. This research aims at using an integrated technique to valorize the effect of leachate from MSW sites in Uyo and Eket on the groundwater resources. Geo-electrical technology involving vertical electrical techniques and constant electrode separations were used to acquire 1D and 2D resistivity data. The interpreted resistivity results constrained by ground-truthing data were combined with hydro-physiochemical analysis to valorize the effect of MSW sites on groundwater. The VES curve types in the survey area are primarily K (57.1%), HK (21.3%), Q (14.3%) and H (7.3%), which exhibit the intercalations of various lithological suites. The inferred image maps at MSW sites showed a dispersion of leachate, which appears to follow the inverse square law between the source and the sink. The BOD-COD ratio revealed that the waste is partially biodegradable. The analyses of hydro-geochemistry of surface and groundwater in the area showed a sequence of average abundance of cations of light metals in the order:; heavy metals as:. The anionic average relative abundance takes the following order:. The use of surface water and groundwater resources for irrigation in the MSW sites has been found to be dependent on the sodium adsorption ratio and total hardness required by the crops. With the results of this study, the valorization of the ingress of leachate into groundwater resources near the MSW sites should be assessed annually to ameliorate the unfortunate environmental hazards.
Assessing the Effect of Land Use and Land Cover Changes on Land Surface Temperature in Jessore District, Bangladesh using Remote Sensing Techniques
Authors: Islam Md. Tarequl , Shahriar Md. Adil
Published: October 2023

Urbanization has had a significant impact on global environmental change, with more than half of the population now living in cities. Rapid population growth and changes in land use and land cover (LULC) are closely linked, leading to significant impacts on ecosystems, habitats, and regional and local climates. The drastic changes in LULC resulting from rapid urban growth have played a major role in these impacts. The rise in urban surface temperature is a result of inadequate planning and uncontrolled management of land use and land cover changes. This study utilizes multi-temporal and multi-spectral Landsat 7 ETM and Landsat 8 OLI satellite data to analyze the impact of different land use and land cover changes on surface temperature in the Jessore region of Bangladesh for the years 2000, 2010, and 2020. The analysis of land use and land cover changes indicates a significant increase in populated areas, accompanied by a noticeable decrease in vegetation, aquatic land, and agricultural land. Over the past two decades, the built-up area of the study region has almost doubled. An analysis of changes in Land Surface Temperature (LST) reveals that the built-up parts experienced the most significant increase in temperature, followed by empty space, vegetation, farmland, and water bodies. The research LULC-LST profiles also showed that the degree of heat was highest in populated regions and lowest in water bodies. The LST has risen by about\(3^\circ\)C over the past 20 years. The research shows that the amount of vegetation in the study area is declining, while the amount of non-evaporating surfaces is increasing, and the surface temperature is significantly rising. Remote sensing is an effective method for quickly studying urban growth and determining how urbanization affects LST. The findings contributed to the establishment of a policy that promoted inclusive climate resilience and made Jessore more resilient to the effects of climate change by increasing knowledge about urban LST's relationship to LULC.
Classification of Deepfake Images Using a Novel Explanatory Hybrid Model
Authors: Kerenalli Sudarshana , Yendapalli Vamsidhar , Chinnaiah Mylarareddy
Published: October 2023

In court, criminal investigations and identity management tools, like check-in and payment logins, face videos, and photos, are used as evidence more frequently. Although deeply falsified information may be found using deep learning classifiers, block-box decisionmaking makes forensic investigation in criminal trials more challenging. Therefore, the research suggests a three-step classification technique to classify the deceptive deepfake image content. The research examines the visual assessments of an EfficientNet and Shifted Window Transformer (SWinT) hybrid model based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Transformer architectures. The classifier generality is improved in the first stage using a different augmentation. Then, the hybrid model is developed in the second step by combining the EfficientNet and Shifted Window Transformer architectures. Next, the GradCAM approach for assessing human understanding demonstrates deepfake visual interpretation. In 14,204 images for the validation set, there are 7,096 fake photos and 7,108 real images. In contrast to focusing only on a few discrete face parts, the research shows that the entire deepfake image should be investigated. On a custom dataset of real, Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN)-generated, and human-altered web photos, the proposed method achieves an accuracy of 98.45%, a recall of 99.12%, and a loss of 0.11125. The proposed method successfully distinguishes between real and manipulated images. Moreover, the presented approach can assist investigators in clarifying the composition of the artificially produced material.
Pengembangan Komunikasi Efektif dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Ayuningrum Anisa , Latifah Azizah Nur , Hudayani Wakhida Fajar , Setiyatna Hery
Published: October 2023

Communication is an activity that is very often carried out by everyone in any world, and at any time. Communication in PAUD is a relationship between educators and students, in learning children will always communicate with teachers, by conveying information or messages so that there is feedback between educators and students. Communication in early childhood education is very important, because it can develop children's language skills. In addition, language development can create a pattern of good relationships between educators and students. Effective communication is expected to have a positive impact on children and schools.Keywords: developing, effective communication, children
Peningkatan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Melalui Permainan Tradisional Taktuk Payung Pada Anak Kelompok B TK Dharma Wanita Pacing Padas Ngawi
Authors: Hidayah Nurul , Wijayanti Arwendis , Tanto Octavian Dwi
Published: October 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah permainan tradisional taktuk payung dapat meningkatkan motorik kasar anak dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kegiatan permainan tradisional taktuk payung dapat meningkatkan motorik kasar anak di TK Dharma Wanita Pacing Tahun 2022-2023. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 20 orang anak. Metode penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan yang mengacu pada model Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart yang meliputi empat tahap : perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari 3 kali pertemuan. Tehnik analisis data  yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis data kualitatif dengan menganalisis data dari wawancara selama penelitian untuk langkah-langkah reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data. Analisis data kuantitatif dengan statistik deskriptif yang membandingkan hasil yang diperoleh dari prasiklus, siklus I  dan siklus II. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan motorik kasar anak melalui permainan tradisional taktuk payung, dibuktikan dengan rata-rata pemahaman skor kemampuan motorik kasar prasiklus sebesar 92, kemudian meningkat pada siklus I sebesar 116, dan siklus II sebesar 154.  Kata Kunci: kemampuan, motorik kasar, permainan tradisional taktuk payung
Peningkatan Kemampuan Interaksi Sosial Anak Melalui Metode Bermain Peran
Authors: Sulistyani Sulistyani , Herawati Herawati , Sudarti Sudarti
Published: October 2023

The ability of children's social interaction in group A RA Fatih Al-Baariq Central Java Village has a tendency for children to play alone, lack of children in socializing, not greeting each other, still rarely making eye contact when talking, and during the process is still centered on the teacher which causes the conversation to be dominated by the teacher. The purpose of the study was to determine the objective condition of children's social interaction skills before applying the role-playing method and the application of the role-playing method in improving children's social interaction skills. The research method used collaborative classroom action with professional role play. The subjects in the study amounted to 23 children. The result of the research is that children's social interaction abilities have increased in each indicator including children being able to greet, children being able to communicate verbally, children being able to ask for help, children being able to listen, children being able to ask questions and children being able to have conversations. The recommendations given improve children's social interaction as an interesting method, and motivate and involve children directly.
Correlations among AHP-based scenic beauty estimation and water quality indicators of typical urban constructed WQT wetland park landscaping
Authors: Huang Yan , Li Tianjie , Jin Yang , Wu Wenting
Published: October 2023

Water environments of urban constructed water quality treatment (WQT) wetland waterscapes are strongly related to water quality, whereas scenic beauty values help achieve better aquatic environments. However, correlations between several water quality indicators (WQIs) and scenic beauty indexes (SBIs) have not been thoroughly revealed in the existing studies. In this research, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-based on scenic beauty estimation (SBE) per site in two WQT wetlands has been developed. The weights of indicators were determined by the AHP voting, which includes three main criteria, i.e., conditions of vegetation, physical geographical conditions, and human geographical conditions. SBIs are voted and calculated from the professional group and the unprofessional group. WQIs of typical pollutants (i.e., dissolved oxygen (DO), CODCr, NH3-N, pH, and total phosphorus) were sampled in situ simultaneously. Inter-relationships among SBIs and WQIs are indicated by correlative analysis and a regression model, which highlights that DO increase, CODCr removal, and NH3-N removal can explain 68.8% of changes in the SBI. Accordingly, applications for WQT wetland eco-engineered landscaping (EEL) were suggested to be conducted on quantitative estimations in three aspects, i.e., following strategies of EEL, improving WQT techniques, and applying the attention restoration theory.
Revolutionizing Medicine: The Promise of Camouflage Nanoparticles - A Review
Authors: Mohammed Vajagathali , Richard Nikitha Shalom
Published: October 2023

Camouflage nanoparticles (CNPs) have emerged as a promising paradigm in the realm of
disease therapy, offering a distinctive set of properties and versatile applications. These nanoparticles,
characterized by their size, typically falling within the range of 1 to 100 nm, hold significant promise
for the realms of targeted drug delivery, diagnostics, and imaging. Diverse categories of camouflage
nanoparticles, encompassing liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and dendrimers, have been under intensive
scrutiny for their potential to combat a spectrum of diseases, including neurological disorders,
cardiovascular ailments, genetic anomalies, and cancer. These nanoparticles exhibit the remarkable
ability to surmount biological barriers, including the formidable blood-brain barrier, thereby facilitating
the precise delivery of therapeutic agents to specific cells or tissues. This precision augments drug
efficacy while simultaneously mitigating systemic side effects. Nevertheless, challenges persist in the
refinement of nanoparticle design, the assurance of long-term safety, and the pursuit of scalability and
cost-effectiveness. Looking ahead, future prospects encompass expanding the purview of diseasespecific
applications, advancing cutting-edge imaging modalities, crafting multifunctional nanoparticles,
and seamlessly integrating nascent technologies. With relentless dedication to research and innovation,
CNPs hold the potential to metamorphose the landscape of disease therapy, ushering in a new
era marked by heightened drug efficacy, diminished side effects, and the realization of personalized
medicine paradigms. This review aims to illuminate the burgeoning arena of CNPs in disease therapy,
casting a spotlight on their latent potential as a conduit for targeted drug delivery. Through an exploration
of their unique attributes, applications, and extant challenges, this review seeks to galvanize further
research and development within this propitious domain, ultimately striving to revolutionize disease
therapy by aligning it with the tenets of enhanced efficacy, attenuated side effects, and the realization
of personalized medicine aspirations.