bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the 𝔞𝔣𝔣(m|1)-relative cohomology of the orthosymplectic superalgebra 𝔬𝔰𝔭(m|2) and 𝔞𝔣𝔣(m|1)-trivial deformation
Authors: Khalfoun Hafedh , Faidi Thamer
Published: October 2016

Over the [Formula: see text]-dimensional supercircle [Formula: see text], we consider the action of the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra [Formula: see text], by the Lie derivative on the superpseudodifferential operators [Formula: see text]. We compute the [Formula: see text]-relative cohomology spaces [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the affine Lie superalgebra on [Formula: see text]. We explicitly give cocycles spanning these cohomology spaces. We study the [Formula: see text]-trivial deformations of the structure of the [Formula: see text]-modules [Formula: see text].
Fabrication of N-doped Reduced Graphene Oxide/Ag3PO4 Nanocomposite with Excellent Photocatalytic Activity for the Degradation of Organic Pollutants
Authors: Feng Longhai , Kong Lirong , Ji Zhenyuan , Wang Yi , Shen Xiaoping , Cheng Shiqing , Wu Shikui
Published: October 2016

An efficient N-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-RGO)/Ag3PO4 nanocomposite with enhanced photocatalytic activity has been prepared through a facile solution-based approach. Since N-RGO could offer more sites for the anchoring of Ag3PO4 nanoparticles, and effectively promote the charge carriers separation and transfer due to its high electrical conductivity, the photocatalytic activity of N-RGO/Ag3PO4 nanocomposite is much higher than bare Ag3PO4 and N-RGO in the degradation of phenol pollutant under simulated solar light irradiation. The mechanism for the photocatalytic process was also investigated. The excellent photocatalytic performance makes the N-RGO/Ag3PO4 nanocomposite a promising photocatalyst for organic pollutant treatment.
Self-dual codes over the ring GR(pm,g) and Jacobi forms
Authors: Ankur
Published: October 2016

We take a Galois ring [Formula: see text] and discuss about the self-dual codes and its properties over the ring. We will also describe the relationship between Clifford-Weil group and Jacobi forms by constructing the invariant polynomial ring with the complete weight enumerator.
Research of crystal changing of barium hexaferrite prepared by citric acid sol–gel method
Authors: Liu Jianwu , Guo Cheng , Zhang Yue
Published: October 2016

Barium hexaferrite was synthesized by combining citric acid sol–gel process with self-propagating at high temperature, relationship between the forming temperature of barium ferrite, and crystal phase was investigated in the experiment. The thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used in the analysis to discuss the influence of different amounts of citric acid additives on the calcination product crystal phase, and relationship of transformation of [Formula: see text]-Fe2O3 to [Formula: see text]-Fe2O3 between W-type and M-type of the crystal phase of barium hexaferrite. The results revealed that the crystal phase of barium hexaferrite was W-type when the value of CA/MN [Formula: see text], and if CA/MN [Formula: see text], the crystal phase became M-type. With the increase in the amount of citric acid, the crystallization temperature of product rose. The excessive citric acid additive changed the existing form of Fe, which contributed to the transformation of [Formula: see text]-Fe2O3 to [Formula: see text]-Fe2O3. The latter had greater thermal stability, resulting in an increase in the formation temperature of the W-type barium hexaferrite, and finally obtaining the M-type.
Clique-to-vertex monophonic distance in graphs
Authors: Asir I. Keerthi , Athisayanathan S.
Published: October 2016

In this paper, we define the clique-to-vertex [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] monophonic path, the clique-to-vertex monophonic distance [Formula: see text], the clique-to-vertex monophonic eccentricity [Formula: see text], the clique-to-vertex monophonic radius [Formula: see text], and the clique-to-vertex monophonic diameter [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a clique and [Formula: see text] a vertex in a connected graph [Formula: see text]. We determine these parameters for some standard graphs. We show the inequality among the clique-to-vertex distance, the clique-to-vertex monophonic distance, and the clique-to-vertex detour distance in graphs. Also, it is shown that the clique-to-vertex geodesic, the clique-to-vertex monophonic, and the clique-to-vertex detour are distinct in [Formula: see text]. It is shown that [Formula: see text] for every connected graph [Formula: see text] and that every two positive integers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] are realizable as the clique-to-vertex monophonic radius and clique-to-vertex monophonic diameter of some connected graph. Also, it is shown any three positive integers [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] are realizable as the clique-to-vertex radius, clique-to-vertex monophonic radius, and clique-to-vertex detour radius of some connected graph and also it is shown that any three positive integers [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] are realizable as the clique-to-vertex diameter, clique-to-vertex monophonic diameter, and clique-to-vertex detour diameter of some connected graph. We introduce the clique-to-vertex monophonic center [Formula: see text] and the clique-to-vertex monophonic periphery [Formula: see text] and it is shown that the clique-to-vertex monophonic center does not lie in a single block of [Formula: see text].
Data collection model in hybrid network for participatory sensing
Authors: Choi Jeongseok , Kim Taeyoung , Kim Jaekwon , Moon Sunghwan , Han Youngshin , Lee Jongsik
Published: October 2016

Advances in mobile technology make most people have their own mobile devices which contain various sensors such as a smartphone. People produce their own personal data or collect surrounding environment data with their mobile devices at every moment. Recently, a broad spectrum of studies on Participatory Sensing, the concept of extracting new knowledge from a mass of data sent by participants, are conducted. Data collection method is one of the base technologies for Participatory Sensing, so networking and data filtering techniques for collecting a large number of data are the most interested research area. In this paper, we propose a data collection model in hybrid network for participatory sensing. The proposed model classifies data into two types and decides networking form and data filtering method based on the data type to decrease loads on data center and improve transmission speed.
Approach of hybrid GA for multi-objective job-shop scheduling
Authors: Meng Qiaofeng , Zhang Linxuan , Fan Yushun
Published: October 2016

In recent years, scholars have made many research results on job-shop scheduling (JSP) problem, especially in single objective such as the maximum completion time. But most of the actual system scheduling problems are more than one object. Therefore, the research of multi-objective scheduling problem is very important and meaningful. In this paper, we proposed a multi-objective scheduling model which adopts weighted sum method to optimize two important indexes (makespan and total flow time). Genetic algorithm (GA) has diversified global search ability, while simulated annealing (SA) combined with tabu search (TS) have intensified capabilities in local neighborhood search. To overcome the drawback of the GA, we proposed a new hybrid GA (NewHGA) which produces initial solutions by GA firstly, and then take SA operator incorporate TS operator to search in the local space. By adding the novel local search strategy, the diversity of solutions will be improved greatly so that it can ensure the algorithm jump out of the local optimal value. We test this algorithm using the benchmark instances of different sizes taken from the OR-Library, and the results show that the algorithm is efficient than another hybrid algorithm.
Nonlinear System Identification of a Refrigeration System
Authors: Dantas Tarcísio Soares Siqueira , Franco Ivan Carlos , Fileti Ana Maria Frattini , da Silva Flávio Vasconcelos
Published: October 2016

Applications of advanced control algorithms are important in the refrigeration field to achieve low-energy costs and accurate set-point tracking. However, the designing and tuning of control systems depend on dynamic mathematical models. Approaches like analytical modeling can be time-consuming because they usually lead to a large number of differential equations with unknown parameters. In this work, the application of system identification with the fast recursive orthogonal least square (FROLS) algorithm is proposed as an alternative to analytical modeling to develop a process dynamic model. The evaporating temperature (EVT), condensing temperature (CDT) and useful superheat (USH) are the outputs of interest for this system; covariance analysis of the candidate inputs shows that the model should be single-input–single-output (SISO). Good simulation results are obtained with two different validation data, with average output errors of 0.0343 (EVT model), 0.0079 (CDT model) and 0.1578 (USH model) for one of the datasets, showing that this algorithm is a valid alternative for modeling refrigeration systems.
Learning Contextualized Music Semantics from Tags Via a Siamese Neural Network
Authors: Sandouk Ubai , Chen Ke
Published: October 2016

Music information retrieval faces a challenge in modeling contextualized musical concepts formulated by a set of co-occurring tags. In this article, we investigate the suitability of our recently proposed approach based on a Siamese neural network in fighting off this challenge. By means of tag features and probabilistic topic models, the network captures contextualized semantics from tags via unsupervised learning. This leads to a distributed semantics space and a potential solution to the out of vocabulary problem, which has yet to be sufficiently addressed. We explore the nature of the resultant music-based semantics and address computational needs. We conduct experiments on three public music tag collections—namely, CAL500, MagTag5K and Million Song Dataset—and compare our approach to a number of state-of-the-art semantics learning approaches. Comparative results suggest that this approach outperforms previous approaches in terms of semantic priming and music tag completion.
Analysis and Scheduling of a Battery-Less Mixed-Criticality System with Energy Uncertainty
Authors: Asyaban Sedigheh , Kargahi Mehdi , Thiele Lothar , Mohaqeqi Morteza
Published: October 2016

We consider a battery-less real-time embedded system equipped with an energy harvester. It scavenges energy from an environmental resource according to some stochastic patterns. The success of jobs is threatened in the case of energy shortage, which might be due to lack of harvested energy, losses originated from the super-capacitor self-discharge, as well as power consumption of executed tasks. The periodic real-time tasks of the system follow a dual-criticality model. In addition, each task has a minimum required success ratio that needs to be satisfied in steady state. We analytically evaluate the behavior of such a system in terms of its energy-related success ratio for a given schedule. Based on these results, we propose a scheduling algorithm that satisfies both temporal and success-ratio constraints of the jobs, while respecting task criticalities and corresponding system modes. The accuracy of the analytical method as well as its dependence on the numerical computations and other model assumptions are extensively discussed through comparison with simulation results. Also, the efficacy of the proposed scheduling algorithm is studied through comparison to some existing non-mixed- and mixed-criticality scheduling algorithms.
Vertical Field-of-View Extension and Walking Characteristics in Head-Worn Virtual Environments
Authors: Jones J. Adam , Krum David M. , Bolas Mark T.
Published: October 2016

In this article, we detail a series of experiments that examines the effect of vertical field-of-view extension and the addition of non-specific peripheral visual stimulation on gait characteristics and distance judgments in a head-worn virtual environment. Specifically, we examined four field-of-view configurations: a common 60° diagonal field of view (48° × 40°), a 60° diagonal field of view with the addition of a luminous white frame in the far periphery, a field of view with an extended upper edge, and a field of view with an extended lower edge. We found that extension of the field of view, either with spatially congruent or spatially non-informative visuals, resulted in improved distance judgments and changes in observed posture. However, these effects were not equal across all field-of-view configurations, suggesting that some configurations may be more appropriate than others when balancing performance, cost, and ergonomics.
Gastrin stimulates renal dopamine production by increasing the renal tubular uptake of l-DOPA
Authors: Jiang Xiaoliang , Zhang Yanrong , Yang Yu , Yang Jian , Asico Laureano D. , Chen Wei , Felder Robin A. , Armando Ines , Jose Pedro A. , Yang Zhiwei
Published: October 2016

Gastrin is a peptide hormone that is involved in the regulation of sodium balance and blood pressure. Dopamine, which is also involved in the regulation of sodium balance and blood pressure, directly or indirectly interacts with other blood pressure-regulating hormones, including gastrin. This study aimed to determine the mechanisms of the interaction between gastrin and dopamine and tested the hypothesis that gastrin produced in the kidney increases renal dopamine production to keep blood pressure within the normal range. We show that in human and mouse renal proximal tubule cells (hRPTCs and mRPTCs, respectively), gastrin stimulates renal dopamine production by increasing the cellular uptake of l-DOPA via the l-type amino acid transporter (LAT) at the plasma membrane. The uptake of l-DOPA in RPTCs from C57Bl/6J mice is lower than in RPTCs from normotensive humans. l-DOPA uptake in renal cortical slices is also lower in salt-sensitive C57Bl/6J than in salt-resistant BALB/c mice. The deficient renal cortical uptake of l-DOPA in C57Bl/6J mice may be due to decreased LAT-1 activity that is related to its decreased expression at the plasma membrane, relative to BALB/c mice. We also show that renal-selective silencing of Gast by the renal subcapsular injection of Gast siRNA in BALB/c mice decreases renal dopamine production and increases blood pressure. These results highlight the importance of renal gastrin in stimulating renal dopamine production, which may give a new perspective in the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
An Access Control Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network Using Double Trapdoor Chameleon Hash Function
Authors: Thakur Tejeshwari
Published: October 2016

Wireless sensor network (WSN), a type of communication system, is normally deployed into the unattended environment where the intended user can get access to the network. The sensor nodes collect data from this environment. If the data are valuable and confidential, then security measures are needed to protect them from the unauthorized access. This situation requires an access control protocol (ACP) in the design of sensor network because of sensor nodes which are vulnerable to various malicious attacks during the authentication and key establishment and the new node addition phase. In this paper, we propose a secured ACP for such WSN. This protocol is based on Elliptic Curve Discrete Log Problem (ECDLP) and double trapdoor chameleon hash function which secures the WSN from malicious attacks such as node masquerading attack, replay attack, man-in-the-middle attack, and forgery attacks. Proposed ACP has a special feature known as session key security. Also, the proposed ACP is more efficient as it requires only one modular multiplication during the initialization phase.
Synthesis and Characteristics of Valeric Acid-Zinc Layered Hydroxide Intercalation Material for Insect Pheromone Controlled Release Formulation
Authors: Ahmad Rozita , Hussein Mohd Zobir , Sarijo Siti Halimah , Wan Abdul Kadir Wan Rasidah , Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap
Published: October 2016

A new intercalation compound of insect pheromone, valeric acid (VA), based on zinc layered hydroxide (ZLH) as host release material, was successfully prepared through coprecipitation method. The as-produced organic-inorganic nanolayered material, valerate nanohybrid, VAN, shows the formation of a new peak at lower 2θ angle with basal spacing of 19.8 Å with no ZnO reflections, which indicate that the intercalation of anion between the inorganic ZLH interlamellae was accomplished. The elemental, FTIR, and ATR analyses of the nanohybrid supported the fact that the intercalation with the percentage anion loading was calculated to be 23.0% (w/w). The thermal stability property of the resulting nanohybrid was enhanced compared to the unbound anion. Field emission scanning electron micrograph of the ZnO has a nonuniform granular structure but transforms into flake-like structure with various sizes after the intercalation process. Release kinetics of anion from the interlayer of intercalated compound exhibited a slow release behavior governed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model at different pHs of aqueous media. The valerate anion was released from VAN with the highest release rate at pH 4. These findings provide the basis to further development of controlled release formulation for insect pheromone based on ZLH intercalation.
Fluid-Elastic Instability Tests on Parallel Triangular Tube Bundles with Different Mass Ratio Values under Increasing and Decreasing Flow Velocities
Authors: Zhang Xu , Jiang Bin , Zhang Luhong , Xiao Xiaoming
Published: October 2016

To study the effects of increasing and decreasing flow velocities on the fluid-elastic instability of tube bundles, the responses of an elastically mounted tube in a rigid parallel triangular tube bundle with a pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1.67 were tested in a water tunnel subjected to crossflow. Aluminum and stainless steel tubes were tested, respectively. In the in-line and transverse directions, the amplitudes, power spectrum density functions, response frequencies, added mass coefficients, and other results were obtained and compared. Results show that the nonlinear hysteresis phenomenon occurred in both tube bundle vibrations. When the flow velocity is decreasing, the tubes which have been in the state of fluid-elastic instability can keep on this state for a certain flow velocity range. During this process, the response frequencies of the tubes will decrease. Furthermore, the response frequencies of the aluminum tube can decrease much more than those of the stainless steel tube. The fluid-elastic instability constants fitted for these experiments were obtained from experimental data. A deeper insight into the fluid-elastic instability of tube bundles was also obtained by synthesizing the results. This study is beneficial for designing and operating equipment with tube bundles inside, as well as for further research on the fluid-elastic instability of tube bundles.
The Role of Targeted Temperature Management in Adult Patients Resuscitated from Nonshockable Cardiac Arrests: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Song Lijuan , Wei Liang , Zhang Lei , Lu Yubao , Wang Kaifa , Li Yongqin
Published: October 2016

Routine targeted temperature management is recommended for comatose adult patients with return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest. However, the role of targeted temperature management in patients resuscitated from nonshockable cardiac arrests remains uncertain. We conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of targeted temperature management in this population. Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were systematically reviewed for studies published between January 2005 and March 2016, in which targeted temperature management was compared with standard care or normothermia for adult patients resuscitated from nonshockable cardiac arrests. A total of 25 trials that included 5715 patients were identified from 10985 relevant papers. Pooled data showed that targeted temperature management not only associated with improved short-term survival (RR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.28–1.57) and neurological function (RR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.39–1.91) but also associated with improved long-term survival (RR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.27–2.12) and neurological recovery (RR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.07–1.90) in observational cohort studies. However, more frequent infectious complications were reported in hypothermia-treated patients (RR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.26–1.70) and the quality of the evidence ranged from moderate to very low.
Neuroprotective Effects of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Bilateral Common Carotid Arteries Occlusion Model of Cerebral Ischemia in Rat
Authors: Pourheydar Bagher , Soleimani Asl Sara , Azimzadeh Mostafa , Rezaei Moghadam Adel , Marzban Asghar , Mehdizadeh Mehdi
Published: October 2016

Cell therapy is the most advanced treatment of the cerebral ischemia, nowadays. Herein, we discuss the neuroprotective effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on rat hippocampal cells following intravenous injection of these cells in an ischemia-reperfusion model. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: control, sham (surgery without blockage of common carotid arteries), ischemia (common carotid arteries were blocked for 30 min prior to reperfusion), vehicle (7 days after ischemia PBS was injected via the tail vein), and treatment (injections of BMSC into the tail veins 7 days after ischemia). We performed neuromuscular and vestibulomotor function tests to assess behavioral function and, finally, brains were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), anti-Brdu immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL staining. The ischemia group had severe apoptosis. The group treated with BMSCs had a lower mortality rate and also had significant improvement in functional recovery (P<0.001). Ischemia-reperfusion for 30 min causes damage and extensive neuronal death in the hippocampus, especially in CA1 and CA3 regions, leading to several functional and neurological deficits. In conclusion, intravenous injection of BMSCs can significantly decrease the number of apoptotic neurons and significantly improve functional recovery, which may be a beneficial treatment method for ischemic injuries.
Order Spectrum Analysis for Bearing Fault Detection via Joint Application of Synchrosqueezing Transform and Multiscale Chirplet Path Pursuit
Authors: Luo Jiesi , Zhang Shaohui , Zhong Mingen , Lin Zusheng
Published: October 2016

Order tracking has become one of the most effective methods for fault detection of rotating machinery under the time-varying shaft speed conditions. The transient phase estimation is very important for order tracking, especially when the tachometer installation is not convenient. The transient phase is usually obtained by integrating the instantaneous frequency (IF), so the IF estimation has attracted a great deal of concerns. This article describes a new IF estimation method based on the joint application of the synchrosqueezing transform (SST) and the multiscale chirplet path pursuit (MSCPP) method. The SST method as its high frequency resolution merits is used to estimate the frequency parameters for the parameter settings of the MSCPP method, that will resolve the high computation problem of the MSCPP method to a certain degree, so as to extensively use the high accuracy of the MSCPP method in IF estimation. The order spectrum based on the estimated IF can provide the demodulation information for the bearing fault diagnosis. The performance of the proposed method has been validated by both simulation and experimental data.
Deep Learning for Hyperspectral Data Classification through Exponential Momentum Deep Convolution Neural Networks
Authors: Yue Qi , Ma Caiwen
Published: October 2016

Classification is a hot topic in hyperspectral remote sensing community. In the last decades, numerous efforts have been concentrated on the classification problem. Most of the existing studies and research efforts are following the conventional pattern recognition paradigm, which is based on complex handcrafted features. However, it is rarely known which features are important for the problem. In this paper, a new classification skeleton based on deep machine learning is proposed for hyperspectral data. The proposed classification framework, which is composed of exponential momentum deep convolution neural network and support vector machine (SVM), can hierarchically construct high-level spectral-spatial features in an automated way. Experimental results and quantitative validation on widely used datasets showcase the potential of the developed approach for accurate hyperspectral data classification.
Functional Performance of Chitosan/Carbopol 974P NF Matrices in Captopril Tablets
Authors: Aguilar-López Yuritze Alejandra , Villafuerte-Robles Leopoldo
Published: October 2016

Chitosan and Carbopol have been used to form a complex through an electrostatic interaction between the protonated amine (NH3+) group of chitosan and the carboxylate (COO−) group of Carbopol. In situ polyelectrolyte complexes formations based on the physical mixture of chitosan and sodium alginate were found and could be used as an oral controlled release matrix. The aim of this work is the assessment of a possible interaction between the particles of chitosan and Carbopol 974P NF that could modify their technological performance in captopril tablets. The drug and excipients were evaluated as mixtures of powders and tablets. The mixtures with captopril contained Carbopol 974P NF, chitosan, or a 1 : 1 mixture thereof with polymer proportions of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The evaluated parameters were the powder flow rate, the powder compressibility index, and the compactibility and release behavior of the tablets. The observed technological behavior points out to a greater interaction between the particles of polymers with different charge than between particles of the individual polymers. This produces more coherent matrices restricting more efficiently the drug dissolution, more coherent tablets with higher compactibility, and less flowing powder mixtures. All this, however, requires additional investigation to confirm the current results.
An Unusual and Complicated Course of a Giant Cell Tumor of the Capitate Bone
Authors: Schmidt Ingo
Published: October 2016

A 51-year-old female patient presented with a carpal giant cell tumor (GCT) of the right capitate bone. The lesion was initially misdiagnosed as having an osteomyelitis. First, the diagnosis of a benign GCT was confirmed by histological examination. Second, an intralesional curettage and packing of the cavity with cancellous iliac crest bone grafts combined with a fusion of the third carpometacarpal (CMC III) joint were carried out. Third, due to a secondary midcarpal osteoarthritis and a secondary scaphoid nonunion, the CMC III joint fusion plate was removed and the midcarpal joint completely excised. Fourth, in the absence of recurrence of GCT, a four-corner fusion (4CF) with a corticocancellous iliac crest bone graft and complete excision of the scaphoid bone had to be performed. Fifth, a total wrist arthroplasty (TWA) was performed due to hardware failure of 4CF with migration of a headless compression screw into radiocarpal joint which led to erosion of articular surface of the distal radius. At the 3-year follow-up that includes a 1-year follow-up after TWA, there was no recurrence of GCT, and the TWA was not failed. The patient reported that she would have the motion-preserving TWA again.
Nondestructive Microcomputed Tomography Evaluation of Mineral Density in Exfoliated Teeth with Hypophosphatasia
Authors: Hayashi-Sakai Sachiko , Hayashi Takafumi , Sakamoto Makoto , Sakai Jun , Shimomura-Kuroki Junko , Nishiyama Hideyoshi , Katsura Kouji , Ike Makiko , Nikkuni Yutaka , Nakayama Miwa , Soga Marie , Kobayashi Taichi
Published: October 2016

Most cases of hypophosphatasia (HPP) exhibit early loss of primary teeth. Results of microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) analysis of teeth with HPP have rarely been reported. The purpose of the present study was to describe the mineral density distribution and mapping of exfoliated teeth from an HPP patient using micro-CT. Four exfoliated teeth were obtained from a patient with HPP. Enamel and dentin mineral densities of exfoliated teeth were measured on micro-CT. The mean values of enamel and dentin mineral densities in mandibular primary central incisors with HPP were 1.61 and 0.98 g/cm3, respectively. The corresponding values in the mandibular primary lateral incisors were 1.60 and 0.98 g/cm3, respectively. Enamel hypoplasia was seen in the remaining teeth, both maxillary and mandibular primary canines and first and second molars. Micro-CT enables nondestructive, noninvasive evaluation and is useful for studying human hard tissues obtained from patients.
Site Saturation Mutagenesis Applications onCandida methylicaFormate Dehydrogenase
Authors: Özgün Gülşah P. , Ordu Emel B. , Tütüncü H. Esra , Yelboğa Emrah , Sessions Richard B. , Gül Karagüler Nevin
Published: October 2016

In NADH regeneration,Candida methylicaformate dehydrogenase (cmFDH) is a highly significant enzyme in pharmaceutical industry. In this work, site saturation mutagenesis (SSM) which is a combination of both rational design and directed evolution approaches is applied to alter the coenzyme specificity of NAD+-dependentcmFDH from NAD+to NADP+and increase its thermostability. For this aim, two separate libraries are constructed for screening a change in coenzyme specificity and an increase in thermostability. To alter the coenzyme specificity, in the coenzyme binding domain, positions at 195, 196, and 197 are subjected to two rounds of SSM and screening which enabled the identification of two double mutants D195S/Q197T and D195S/Y196L. These mutants increase the overall catalytic efficiency of NAD+to5.6×104-fold and5×104-fold value, respectively. To increase the thermostability ofcmFDH, the conserved residue at position 1 in the catalytic domain ofcmFDH is subjected to SSM. The thermodynamic and kinetic results suggest that 8 mutations on the first residue can be tolerated. Among all mutants, M1L has the best residual activity after incubation at 60°C with 17%. These studies emphasize that SSM is an efficient method for creating “smarter libraries” for improving the properties ofcmFDH.
Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Disorders in Diabetes Mellitus Patients Compared with a Control Group
Authors: González-Serrano José , Serrano Julia , López-Pintor Rosa María , Paredes Víctor Manuel , Casañas Elisabeth , Hernández Gonzalo
Published: October 2016

Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with impaired wound healing and higher susceptibility to infections. It is unclear whether patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) present more oral mucosal disorders compared to control groups. The objectives were to compare (a) the prevalence rates of oral mucosal disorders in the DM and non-DM population and (b) the prevalence rates of specific disorders in the DM and non-DM population. Full-text articles were included if they met the following inclusion criteria: (a) they must be original articles from scientific journals, (b) they must be only cross-sectional studies in English, (c) the prevalence of oral mucosal disorders in DM patients must be evaluated, (d) results must be compared with a healthy control group, and (e) oral mucosal disorders must be specified in DM and non-DM group. All studies showed higher prevalence of oral mucosal disorders in DM patients in relation to non-DM population: 45–88% in type 2 DM patients compared to 38.3–45% in non-DM groups and 44.7% in type 1 DM patients compared to 25% in non-DM population. Tongue alterations and denture stomatitis were the most frequent significant disorders observed. The quality assessment following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool showed the low quality of the existing studies.
Autoantibody Response to ZRF1 and KRR1 SEREX Antigens in Patients with Breast Tumors of Different Histological Types and Grades
Authors: Dyachenko Lada , Havrysh Kristina , Lytovchenko Anita , Dosenko Irina , Antoniuk Stepan , Filonenko Valeriy , Kiyamova Ramziya
Published: October 2016

Purpose. To investigate a frequency of antibody response to SEREX-identified medullary breast carcinoma autoantigens ZRF1 and KRR1 in sera of breast cancer patients taking into account clinical and molecular characteristics of tumors for opening of new perspectives in creation of minimally invasive immunological tests for cancer diagnostics.Methods. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and bioinformatics analysis.Results. Increased frequency of antibody response was found in sera of breast cancer patients to ZRF and KRR1 antigens. The antibody response to these antigens was higher in sera of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma than in sera of patients with other histological types of breast tumors. Moreover, more frequent antibody response to ZRF antigen was found in sera of patients with less aggressive tumors. The sequence analysis of ZRF1 antigen SEREX clones obtained from cDNA libraries of different tumors demonstrates that they encode different protein isoforms.Conclusion. Tumor-associated antigens KRR1 and ZRF1 and their cognate autoantibodies could be considered as potential molecular markers of breast cancer which need to be further investigated.
The Necessity of Mobile Phone Technologies for Public Health Surveillance in Benin
Authors: Hounmanou Yaovi M. G. , Agonsanou Murielle S. S. , Dougnon Victorien , Vodougnon Mahougnon H. B. , Achoh Ephraim M. , Mohammed Jibril , Karimuribo Esron D.
Published: October 2016

A cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2016 to assess the need of mobile phone technologies for health surveillance and interventions in Benin. Questionnaires were administered to 130 individuals comprising 25 medical professionals, 33 veterinarians, and 72 respondents from the public. All respondents possess cell phones and 75%, 84%, and 100% of the public, medical professionals, and veterinarians, respectively, generally use them for medical purposes. 75% of respondents including 68% of medics, 84.8% of veterinarians, and 72.2% of the public acknowledged that the current surveillance systems are ineffective and do not capture and share real-time information. More than 92% of the all respondents confirmed that mobile phones have the potential to improve health surveillance in the country. All respondents reported adhering to a nascent project of mobile phone-based health surveillance and confirmed that there is no existing similar approach in the country. The most preferred methods by all respondents for effective implementation of such platform are phone calls (96.92%) followed by SMS (49.23%) and smart phone digital forms (41.53%). This study revealed urgent needs of mobile phone technologies for health surveillance and interventions in Benin for real-time surveillance and efficient disease prevention.
On the Adjacency, Laplacian, and Signless Laplacian Spectrum of Coalescence of Complete Graphs
Authors: Jog S. R. , Kotambari Raju
Published: October 2016

Coalescence as one of the operations on a pair of graphs is significant due to its simple form of chromatic polynomial. The adjacency matrix, Laplacian matrix, and signless Laplacian matrix are common matrices usually considered for discussion under spectral graph theory. In this paper, we compute adjacency, Laplacian, and signless Laplacian energy (Qenergy) of coalescence of pair of complete graphs. Also, as an application, we obtain the adjacency energy of subdivision graph and line graph of coalescence from itsQenergy.
Acute Mountain Sickness Symptoms Depend on Normobaric versus Hypobaric Hypoxia
Authors: DiPasquale Dana M. , Strangman Gary E. , Harris N. Stuart , Muza Stephen R.
Published: October 2016

Acute mountain sickness (AMS), characterized by headache, nausea, fatigue, and dizziness when unacclimatized individuals rapidly ascend to high altitude, is exacerbated by exercise and can be disabling. Although AMS is observed in both normobaric (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH), recent evidence suggests that NH and HH produce different physiological responses. We evaluated whether AMS symptoms were different in NH and HH during the initial stages of exposure and if the assessment tool mattered. Seventy-two 8 h exposures to normobaric normoxia (NN), NH, or HH were experienced by 36 subjects. The Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire (ESQ) and Lake Louise Self-report (LLS) were administered, resulting in a total of 360 assessments, with each subject answering the questionnaire 5 times during each of their 2 exposure days. Classification tree analysis indicated that symptoms contributing most to AMS were different in NH (namely, feeling sick and shortness of breath) compared to HH (characterized most by feeling faint, appetite loss, light headedness, and dim vision). However, the differences were not detected using the LLS. These results suggest that during the initial hours of exposure (1) AMS in HH may be a qualitatively different experience than in NH and (2) NH and HH may not be interchangeable environments.
Autophagy Promoted the Degradation of Mutant ATXN3 in Neurally Differentiated Spinocerebellar Ataxia-3 Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Ou Zhanhui , Luo Min , Niu Xiaohua , Chen Yuchang , Xie Yingjun , He Wenyin , Song Bing , Xian Yexing , Fan Di , OuYang Shuming , Sun Xiaofang
Published: October 2016

Spinocerebellar ataxia-3 (SCA3) is the most common dominant inherited ataxia worldwide and is caused by an unstable CAG trinucleotide expansion mutation within the ATXN3 gene, resulting in an expanded polyglutamine tract within the ATXN3 protein. Many in vitro studies have examined the role of autophagy in neurodegenerative disorders, including SCA3, using transfection models with expression of pathogenic proteins in normal cells. In the current study, we aimed to develop an improved model for studying SCA3 in vitro using patient-derived cells. The patient-derived iPS cells presented a phenotype similar to that of human embryonic stem cells and could be differentiated into neurons. Additionally, these cells expressed abnormal ATXN3 protein without changes in the CAG repeat length during culture for at least 35 passages as iPS cells, up to 3 passages as neural stem cells, and after 4 weeks of neural differentiation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that neural differentiation in these iPS cells was accompanied by autophagy and that rapamycin promoted autophagy through degradation of mutant ATXN3 proteins in neurally differentiated spinocerebellar ataxia-3 human induced pluripotent stem cells (p<0.05). In conclusion, patient-derived iPS cells are a good model for studying the mechanisms of SCA3 and may provide a tool for drug discovery in vitro.
Hyperammonemia Is Associated with Increasing Severity of Both Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Khan Abidullah , Ayub Maimoona , Khan Wazir Mohammad
Published: October 2016

Background. Hyperammonemia resulting from chronic liver disease (CLD) can potentially challenge and damage any organ system of the body, particularly the brain. However, there is still some controversy regarding the diagnostic or prognostic values of serum ammonia in patients with over hepatic encephalopathy, especially in the setting of acute-on-chronic or chronic liver failure. Moreover, the association of serum ammonia with worsening Child-Pugh grade of liver cirrhosis has not been studied. Objective. This study was conducted to solve the controversy regarding the association between hyperammonemia and cirrhosis, especially hepatic encephalopathy in chronically failed liver. Material and Methods. In this study, 171 cirrhotic patients had their serum ammonia measured and analyzed by SPSS version 16. Chi-squared test and one-way ANOVA were applied. Results. The study had 110 male and 61 female participants. The mean age of all the participants in years was 42.33±7.60. The mean duration (years) of CLD was 10.15±3.53 while the mean Child-Pugh (CP) score was 8.84±3.30. Chronic viral hepatitis alone was responsible for 71.3% of the cases. Moreover, 86.5% of participants had hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The frequency of hyperammonemia was 67.3%, more frequent in males (N=81, z-score = 2.4, and P<0.05) than in females (N=34, z-score = 2.4, and P<0.05), and had a statistically significant relationship with increasing CP grade of cirrhosis (χ2(2) = 27.46, P<0.001, Phi = 0.40, and P<0.001). Furthermore, serum ammonia level was higher in patients with hepatic encephalopathy than in those without it; P<0.001. Conclusion. Hyperammonemia is associated with both increasing Child-Pugh grade of liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy.
Pancreatic Cancer: 80 Years of Surgery—Percentage and Repetitions
Authors: Gudjonsson Birgir
Published: October 2016

Objective. The incidence of pancreatic cancer is estimated to be 48,960 in 2015 in the US and projected to become the second and third leading causes of cancer-related deaths by 2030. The mean costs in 2015 may be assumed to be $79,800 per patient and for each resection $164,100. Attempt is made to evaluate the results over the last 80 years, the number of survivors, and the overall survival percentage.Methods. Altogether 1230 papers have been found which deal with resections and reveal survival information. Only 621 of these report 5-year survivors. Reservation about surgery was first expressed in 1964 and five-year survival of nonresected survivors is well documented.Results. The survival percentage depends not only on the number of survivors but also on the subset from which it is calculated. Since the 1980s the papers have mainly reported the number of resections and survival as actuarial percentages, with or without the actual number of survivors being reported. The actuarial percentage is on average 2.75 higher. Detailed information on the original group (TN), number of resections, and actual number of survivors is reported in only 10.6% of the papers. Repetition occurs when the patients from a certain year are reported several times from the same institution or include survivors from many institutions or countries. Each 5-year survivor may be reported several times.Conclusion. Assuming a 10% resection rate and correcting for repetitions and the life table percentage the overall actual survival rate is hardly more than 0.3%.
Optimal Preview Control for Discrete-Time Systems in Multirate Output Sampling
Authors: Liao Fucheng , Guo Yujian
Published: October 2016

This paper studies the disturbance preview optimal control problem for discrete-time systems with multirate output sampling. By constructing the error system and using the discrete lifting technique, we reduce the multirate preview control problem to a single-rate one for a formal augmented system. Then, applying preview control theory, the optimal preview control law of the augmented error system is obtained. Meanwhile, we introduce a discrete integrator to eliminate the static error. Then we study a method to design a controller with preview action for the original system. And the existence conditions of the controller are also discussed in detail. Finally, numerical simulation is included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Pasteurella multocidaBacteremia in an Immunocompromised Patient
Authors: Kukrety Shweta , Parekh Jai , Townley Theresa
Published: October 2016

We present the case of a 61-year-old Caucasian gentleman who presented with a one-day history of fever, chills, and altered mental status. His symptoms were initially thought to be secondary to cellulitis. Blood cultures grewPasteurella multocida, a rare pathogen to cause bacteremia. Our patient was treated with ciprofloxacin for two weeks and made a complete and uneventful recovery. Our patient’s uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease put him at a higher risk for developing seriousP. multocidainfection. The patient’s dog licking the wounds on his legs was considered as the possible source of infection. AsP. multicodabacteremia is rare, but severe with a high mortality rate, it is imperative to have a high index of suspicion for this infection especially in the vulnerable immunocompromised population.
Investigating the Relationship between Knitted Fabric Porosity and Light Permeability
Authors: Imrith Manoj Kumar , Unmar Roshan , Rosunee Satyadev
Published: October 2016

The present paper attempts to investigate the relationship between fabric porosity and light permeability of the knitted structures, namely, rib 1 × 1, rib 2 × 1, single jersey, and plain structure. The rationale is that pores (in a fabric) would allow light to pass through but at the same time provide a quantitative assessment of the UV light permeability of the knitted fabrics, an indication of the protective capacity of the fabrics against UV radiation. The porosity and corresponding light permeability of the knitted structures were measured after varying the following knitting parameters: stitch length, stitch density, and tension on the machine. Furthermore, this work has enabled the development of an apparatus that can measure the amount of light transmitted through the knitted fabrics. The results generated by the equipment were validated through the use of regression equations.
Measuring QoS in an Aeronautical Opportunistic Network Architecture with Limited Access to a Satellite Communications Backhaul
Authors: Martínez-Vidal Rubén , Martí Ramon , Sreenan Cormac J. , Borrell Joan
Published: October 2016

We measure quality of service (QoS) in a wireless network architecture of transoceanic aircraft. A distinguishing characteristic of the network scheme we analyze is that it mixes the concept of Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) through the exploitation of opportunistic contacts, together with direct satellite access in a limited number of the nodes. We provide a graph sparsification technique for deriving a network model that satisfies the key properties of a real aeronautical opportunistic network while enabling scalable simulation. This reduced model allows us to analyze the impact regarding QoS of introducing Internet-like traffic in the form of outgoing data from passengers. Promoting QoS in DTNs is usually really challenging due to their long delays and scarce resources. The availability of satellite communication links offers a chance to provide an improved degree of service regarding a pure opportunistic approach, and therefore it needs to be properly measured and quantified. Our analysis focuses on several QoS indicators such as delivery time, delivery ratio, and bandwidth allocation fairness. Obtained results show significant improvements in all metric indicators regarding QoS, not usually achievable on the field of DTNs.
Multisensory Integration in the Virtual Hand Illusion with Active Movement
Authors: Choi Woong , Li Liang , Satoh Satoru , Hachimura Kozaburo
Published: October 2016

Improving the sense of immersion is one of the core issues in virtual reality. Perceptual illusions of ownership can be perceived over a virtual body in a multisensory virtual reality environment. Rubber Hand and Virtual Hand Illusions showed that body ownership can be manipulated by applying suitable visual and tactile stimulation. In this study, we investigate the effects of multisensory integration in the Virtual Hand Illusion with active movement. A virtual xylophone playing system which can interactively provide synchronous visual, tactile, and auditory stimulation was constructed. We conducted two experiments regarding different movement conditions and different sensory stimulations. Our results demonstrate that multisensory integration with free active movement can improve the sense of immersion in virtual reality.