bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The synergistic effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and quercetin co-loaded hydrogel beads on inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Hu Miao , Huang Yuyang , Du Xiaoqian , Liu Guannan , Qi Baokun , Li Yang
Published: March 2023

The synergistic effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (E) and quercetin (Q) enhances the therapeutic efficacy on related diseases; however, the instability and lower bioavailability of E and Q limited their application.
BaTiO3/MXene/PVDF-TrFE composite films via an electrospinning method for flexible piezoelectric pressure sensors
Authors: Liu Xingmin , Tong Jinling , Wang Jijie , Lu Shaowei , Yang Dongxu , Li Hongmei , Liu Chunzhong , Song Yutong
Published: March 2023

The BaTiO3/MXene/PVDF-TrFE piezoelectric pressure sensor had a wide detection range and a short response time, which showed great advantages and potential in the application of human motion monitoring.
Determination of the quality of lipoproteins by Raman spectroscopy in obese and healthy subjects
Authors: Bonizzi Arianna , Magri Flavia , Mazzucchelli Serena , Truffi Marta , Rizzi Andrea , Corsi Fabio , Cazzola Roberta , Morasso Carlo
Published: March 2023

Raman spectroscopy (RS) detects the quality of lipoproteins (LPs) extracted from obese patients and healthy subjects. RS simultaneously identified clear differences in the LPs composition and in the oxidation state between the two groups.
(Z)-4,4′-Stilbene dicarboxylic acid, the overlooked metal–organic framework linker
Authors: Hunter Lucy R. , Karlsson Joshua K. G. , Sellars Jonathan D. , Probert Michael R.
Published: March 2023

The synthesis of 10 lanthanide metal–organic frameworks that incorporate the isomeric (Z)-4,4′-stilbenedicarboxylic acid. These form 2D and 3D frameworks, uncovering a previously unknown underlying net topology, lmj1, as well as time dependant dimensionality.
Luminescence–structure relationships in solids doped with Bi3+
Authors: Boutinaud Philippe
Published: March 2023

The 1S0 → 3P1 transition energy of Bi3+ in solids is predicted within ±0.35 eV.
Ferromagnetic vanadium disulfide VS2monolayers with high Curie temperature and high spin polarization
Authors: Wu Hao-Jia , Wan Yu-Lu , Zeng Zhao-Yi , Hu Cui-E , Chen Xiang-Rong , Geng Hua-Yun
Published: March 2023

The magnetothermal properties and spintronic properties can be controlled by adjusting the carrier concentration and external magnetic field.
The neural network based Δ-machine learning approach efficiently brings the DFT potential energy surface to the CCSD(T) quality: a case for the OH + CH3OH reaction
Authors: Song Kaisheng , Li Jun
Published: March 2023

The recently proposed permutationally invariant polynomial-neural network (PIP-NN) based Δ-machine learning (Δ-ML) approach (PIP-NN Δ-ML) is a flexible, general, and highly cost-efficient method to develop a full dimensional accurate potential energy surface (PES).
The path towards type V deep eutectic solvents: inductive effects and steric hindrance in the system tert-butanol + perfluoro tert-butanol
Authors: Vaz Inês C. M. , Lobo Ferreira Ana I. M. C. , Silva Gonçalo M. C. , Morgado Pedro , Abranches Dinis O. , Bastos Margarida , Santos Luís M. N. B. F. , Filipe Eduardo J. M. , Coutinho João A. P.
Published: March 2023

The electron withdrawal effect of the fluorine atoms in perfluoro-tert-butanol leads to a large polarity asymmetry. This results in strong hydrogen bonding when mixed with a regular alcohol and is explored to prepare a type V deep eutectic solvent.
Correction: Atmospheric chemistry of CF3CN: kinetics and products of reaction with OH radicals, Cl atoms and O3
Authors: Andersen Mads Peter Sulbaek , Ohide Joanna , Sølling Theis I. , Nielsen Ole John
Published: March 2023

Correction for ‘Atmospheric chemistry of CF3CN: kinetics and products of reaction with OH radicals, Cl atoms and O3’ by Mads Peter Sulbaek Andersen et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 2638–2645, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CP05288H.
Trifunctional electrocatalysts of ternary iron–copper–molybdenum Schiff base complexes applied to Zn–air battery and alkaline water splitting
Authors: Chiang Tzu Hsuan , Chen Yu-Si
Published: March 2023

A trifunctional electrocatalyst of Fe0.5Cu0.5Mo0.5–SB complexes with versatile multifunctional electrocatalytic activity for ORR/OER/HER.
In or on, a study of the influence of the binding site for TiO2 and MIL-101(Cr)
Authors: Lin Jianwei , Chen Jing , Ye Yaling , Zhuang Yafeng , Sun Weiming , Chen Jinghua , Han Zhizhong
Published: March 2023

TiO2 nanoparticles were formed in different locations in MIL-101(Cr). The binding site of TiO2 and MIL-101(Cr) has dramatic effect on the photocatalytic degradation.
Highly efficient yellow emission and abnormal thermal quenching in Mn2+-doped Rb4CdCl6
Authors: Huang Dayu , Ouyang Qiuyun , Kong Youchao , Wang Bo , Cheng Ziyong , Al Kheraif Abdulaziz A. , Lian Hongzhou , Lin Jun
Published: March 2023

Schematic illustration of energy transfer from the STE excitons, deep traps, and shallow traps to Mn2+. This simply and clearly explains the phenomenon of abnormal luminescence at high temperatures.
Gut content microbiota dysbiosis and dysregulated lipid metabolism in diarrhea caused by high-fat diet in a fatigued state
Authors: Qiao Bo , Liu Jing , Deng Na , Cai Ying , Bian Yao , Wu Yueying , Tan Zhoujin
Published: March 2023

The interaction of gut content microbiota, brain gut peptides and lipid metabolism-related indicators leads to digestive dysfunction in mice, which may be one of the mechanisms of action of fatigue factors combined with HFD-induced diarrhea.
Immobilization of laccase on Fe3O4@MF-CNTs for the rapid and sensitive biosensing of catechol
Authors: Liu Zhaofei , Zhang Lili , Wei Yuhang , Chen Zhiming
Published: March 2023

An Fe3O4@MF-CNTs-Lac biosensor was developed for rapid and sensitive detection of catechol.
Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts reaction of 2,5-disubstituted and 2-monosubstituted pyrroles with isoindolinone-derived ketimines
Authors: Beriša Arben , Gredičak Matija
Published: March 2023

A chiral Brønsted acid-catalyzed methodology for the introduction of a congested tetrasubstituted stereogenic center at the β-(C3) position of 2,5-disubstituted pyrroles and at the α-(C5) position of 2-monosubstituted pyrroles is reported.
Correction: WOx/ZrOx functionalised periodic mesoporous organosilicas as water-tolerant catalysts for carboxylic acid esterification
Authors: dos Santos-Durndell Vannia C. , Durndell Lee J. , Isaacs Mark A. , Lee Adam F. , Wilson Karen
Published: March 2023

Correction for ‘WOx/ZrOx functionalised periodic mesoporous organosilicas as water-tolerant catalysts for carboxylic acid esterification’ by Vannia C. dos Santos-Durndell et al., Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SE01724E.
Order–order transitions in poly(N-octadecyl acrylamide-co-hydroxyethyl acrylamide) statistical copolymer films
Authors: Kikuchi Mao , Saito Nozomi , Ohke Mizuki , Nagano Shusaku , Nishitsuji Shotaro , Matsui Jun
Published: March 2023

Order–order transition occurred even in a simple statistical copolymer.
Alloyed triple half-Heuslers: a route toward high-performance thermoelectrics with intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity
Authors: Luo Peng-Fei , Dai Shengnan , Zhang Yuting , Liu Xin , Li Zhili , Zhang Jiye , Yang Jiong , Luo Jun
Published: March 2023

Alloyed triple half-Heusler Ti(Fe0.5+xCo0.25Cu0.25−x)Sb with intrinsically low thermal conductivity have been successfully designed and synthesized based on a valence balanced strategy.
The revelation of glucose adsorption mechanisms on hierarchical metal–organic frameworks using a surface plasmon resonance sensor
Authors: Gumilar Gilang , Chowdhury Silvia , Shukri Ganes , Patah Aep , Nugraha Nugraha , Henzie Joel , Anshori Isa , Kaneti Yusuf Valentino , Yuliarto Brian
Published: March 2023

This work reports the use of M-BDC (M = Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zr) MOFs for glucose sensing by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) methods. The sensitivity is in the order of Zr-BDC > Cu-BDC > Mn-BDC > Ni-BDC > bare Au chip.
Sodium citrate-induced generation of multi-interfacial embroidered spherical SnO2for augmented electromagnetic wave absorption
Authors: Lu Jialei , Zhang Xueqian , Yan Xu , Liu Dongdong , Wang Longxin , Wang Yishan , Huang Xiaoxiao , Wen Guangwu
Published: March 2023

In this paper, sodium citrate was selected as a shape inducer to construct a multi-interface embroidered spherical structure. The RLminvalue is −45.6 dB and the EAB at 2.6 mm is 6.08 GHz, owing to the mutual balance of impedance and attenuation.
Evidence of external reconnection between an erupting mini-filament and ambient loops observed by Solar Orbiter/EUI
Authors: Li Z. F. , Cheng X. , Ding M. D. , Chitta L. P. , Peter H. , Berghmans D. , Smith P. J. , Auchère F. , Parenti S. , Barczynski K. , Harra L. , Schühle U. , Buchlin É. , Verbeeck C. , Aznar Cuadrado R. , Zhukov A. N. , Long D. M. , Teriaca L. , Rodriguez L.
Published: March 2023

Mini-filament eruptions are one of the most common small-scale transients in the solar atmosphere. However, their eruption mechanisms are still not understood thoroughly. Here, with a combination of 174 Å images of high spatio-temporal resolution taken by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on board Solar Orbiter and images of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board Solar Dynamics Observatory, we investigate in detail an erupting mini-filament over a weak magnetic field region on 2022 March 4. Two bright ribbons clearly appeared underneath the erupting mini-filament as it quickly ascended, and subsequently, some dark materials blew out when the erupting mini-filament interacted with the outer ambient loops, thus forming a blowout jet characterized by a widening spire. At the same time, multiple small bright blobs of 1−2 Mm appeared at the interaction region and propagated along the post-eruption loops toward the footpoints of the erupting fluxes at a speed of ∼100 km s−1. They also caused a semi-circular brightening structure. Based on these features, we suggest that the mini-filament eruption first experiences internal and then external reconnection, the latter of which mainly transfers mass and magnetic flux of the erupting mini-filament to the ambient corona.
Forming super-Mercuries: Role of stellar abundances
Authors: Mah Jingyi , Bitsch Bertram
Published: March 2023

Rocky exoplanets with bulk iron mass fraction of more than 60%, known as super-Mercuries, appear to be preferentially hosted by stars with higher iron mass fraction than that of the Sun. It is unclear whether these iron-rich planets can form in the disc or whether giant impacts are necessary for their formation. Here, we investigate the formation of super-Mercuries in their natal protoplanetary discs by taking into account their host stars’ abundances (Fe, Mg, Si, and S). We employed a disc evolution model which includes the growth, drift, evaporation, and recondensation of pebbles to compute the pebble iron mass fraction. The recondensation of outwardly drifting iron vapour near the iron evaporation front is the key mechanism that facilitates an increase in the pebble iron mass fraction. We also simulated the growth of planetary seeds around the iron evaporation front using a planet formation model which includes pebble accretion and planet migration and we computed the final composition of the planets. Our simulations were able to reproduce the observed iron compositions of the super-Mercuries, provided that all the iron in the disc are locked in pure Fe grains and that the disc viscosity is low (α ~ 10−4). The combined effects of slow orbital migration of planets and long retention time of iron vapour in low-viscosity discs makes it easier to form iron-rich planets. Furthermore, we find that decreasing the stellar Mg/Si ratio results in an increase in the iron mass fraction of the planet due to a reduction in the abundance of Mg2SiO4, which has a very similar condensation temperature as iron, in the disc. Our results imply that super-Mercuries are more likely to form around stars with low Mg/Si (≲ 1), in agreement with observational data.
An inverse problem for a double phase implicit obstacle problem with multivalued terms
Authors: Zeng Shengda , Bai Yunru , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Winkert Patrick
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we study an inverse problem of estimating three discontinuous parameters in a double phase implicit obstacle problem with multivalued terms and mixed boundary conditions which is formulated by a regularized optimal control problem. Under very general assumptions, we introduce a multivalued function called a parameter-to-solution map which admits weakly compact values. Then, by employing the Aubin-Cellina convergence theorem and the theory of nonsmooth analysis, we prove that the parameter-to-solution map is bounded and continuous in the sense of Kuratowski. Finally, a generalized regularization framework for the inverse problem is developed and a new existence theorem is provided.
Interdisziplinäre Herausforderung der minimalinvasiven Chirurgie
Authors: Kajaia David , Zugor Vahudin , Weingärtner Karl , Kliebisch Stefan , Thies Jochen , Pistorius Georg , Seggewiss-Bernhardt Ruth , Hager Benjamin
Published: March 2023

Der vorliegende Fall eines 51-jährigen Patienten mit dem gleichzeitigen Vorliegen eines Pankreastumors und einer Leberläsion unklarer Dignität in Kombination mit einer Nierenbeckenabgangsenge und einer begleitenden Nephrolithiasis zeigt, was heutzutage minimalinvasiv in einer einzelnen Operation möglich ist. Hierzu beigetragen hat die rasante Entwicklung der letzten 20 Jahre auf dem Gebiet der Laparoskopie und der roboterassistierten Chirurgie. Essenziell sind jedoch eine entsprechende Expertise und interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zwischen Chirurgie und Urologie.
Wie lässt sich die Arbeitszufriedenheit steigern?
Authors: Momberger Michael
Published: March 2023

Spätestens seit der Coronapandemie sind die Berufe der kritischen Infrastruktur in den Fokus der Gesellschaft und politischer Diskurse gerückt. Doch obwohl diese Berufe zwingend notwendig sind, ist von guten Arbeits- und Rahmenbedingungen kaum etwas spürbar: Nach wie vor fehlt eine adäquate monetäre Vergütung ebenso wie genügend Personal auf den meisten Stationen. Künftig werden Führungskräfte im Gesundheitswesen daher vor neue Herausforderungen gestellt: Wie gelingt es, die Arbeitszufriedenheit zu steigern und Personal langfristig zu binden? Unser Autor liefert Antworten.
Demografische und epidemiologische Risikofaktoren bei Patienten mit akuter unilateraler Vestibulopathie M. Menière (hydropische Innenohrerkrankung)
Authors: von Bernstorff Maximilian , Obermueller Theresa , Münst Julia , Hofmann Veit M. , Pudszuhn Annett
Published: March 2023

Einleitung Die Neuropathia vestibularis (NV) gehört zu den häufigsten peripher vestibulären Gleichgewichtserkrankungen. Demografische und weitere Risikofaktoren sind unzureichend publiziert. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, bei Patienten mit NV assoziierte Risikofaktoren zu identifizieren.

Methoden In dieser retrospektiven Untersuchung erfolgte eine Auswertung der stationär therapierten NV-Fälle zwischen 2017 und 2019. Einschlusskriterium war die otoneurologisch gesicherte Diagnose einer akuten NV. Patientendaten wurden mit denen der deutschen Normalbevölkerung (Robert Koch-Institut, „Gesundheit in Deutschland aktuell“) verglichen.

Ergebnisse Es wurden 168 Patienten (Ø 59,8 Jahre) behandelt. Die Studienpopulation hatte im Vergleich zur deutschen Normalbevölkerung signifikant häufiger kardiovaskuläre Vorerkrankungen und männliche Patienten signifikant häufiger eine arterielle Hypertonie. Weitere Nebenerkrankungen zeigten keine signifikanten Unterschiede. 23% hatten eine Leukozytose und 9% gaben an, eine VZV- oder HSV-1-Erkrankung in der Vergangenheit gehabt zu haben.

Diskussion Ätiologie und Pathogenese der NV sind unzureichend geklärt. Entzündliche und vaskuläre Ursachen werden diskutiert. In dieser Studie hatten Patienten vermehrt kardiovaskuläre Vorerkrankungen im Vergleich zur Normalbevölkerung, die Patienten hatten jedoch einen höheren Altersdurchschnitt. Unklar ist die Bedeutung unspezifisch erhöhter Leukozytenwerte als Zeichen einer durch eine Infektion ausgelöste NV. Vor dem Hintergrund zunehmender stationär therapierter NV-Erkrankungen sollten prospektive Untersuchungen erfolgen, um die Pathogenese der Erkrankung besser zu verstehen.
Mehr Stimmrecht für die Pflege im G-BA
Authors: Lukuc Sarah
Published: March 2023

Die Pflegeberufe sollen im Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss (G-BA) deutlich mehr an Einfluss gewinnen. Dies werde im kommenden Versorgungsgesetz aus dem BMG enthalten sein, kündigte der unparteiische Vorsitzende Josef Hecken an.
Elektronische Zigaretten – Schadensminimierung oder Schadensverlängerung?
Authors: Hanewinkel Reiner
Published: March 2023

Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Frage, ob Elektronische Zigaretten (E-Zigaretten) den erwiesenen Schaden des Rauchens von Tabakprodukten minimieren können oder zu einer Schadensverlängerung führen. Während das britische Royal College of Physicians Rauchern E-Zigaretten als Substitut für Tabakprodukte empfiehlt, rät die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin Rauchern von der Nutzung der E-Zigarette ab. Drei Hypothesen liegen der Schadensminimierungsstrategie zugrunde. Hypothese 1: Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass E-Zigaretten gesundheitlich weniger Schaden anrichten als Tabakzigaretten. Hypothese 2: Es wird postuliert, dass Raucher motiviert sind, von konventionellen Zigaretten auf E-Zigaretten umzusteigen. Hypothese 3: Es wird vermutet, dass E-Zigaretten ein nebenwirkungsarmes, effektives Mittel zum Rauchstopp sind. Obwohl die langfristigen gesundheitlichen Folgen des E-Zigarettenkonsums nach wie vor unbekannt sind, mehren sich die Befunde, dass E-Zigaretten toxisch wirken, schädlich für das Herz-Kreislauf-System, die Gesundheit der Atemwege und möglicherweise krebserregend sind. Bevölkerungsrepräsentative epidemiologische Erhebungen zeigen, dass drei Viertel aller aktuellen E-Zigarettennutzer in Deutschland gleichzeitig Tabak rauchen. E-Zigaretten haben in wenigen randomisierten klinischen Studien im Vergleich zu Nikotinersatzprodukten höhere Erfolgsraten. Als frei verkäufliche Konsumprodukte unter Realbedingungen findet sich in einer Vielzahl von Studien kein Vorteil für E-Zigaretten. Zudem verlängern E-Zigaretten im Vergleich zu Nikotinersatzprodukten die Nikotinabhängigkeit. Die Hypothesen der Schadensminimierungsstrategie mittels E-Zigaretten müssen nach derzeitigem Kenntnisstand als widerlegt angesehen werden. Daher erscheint es ethisch nicht unproblematisch, wenn Ärzte ihren Patienten E-Zigaretten als Substitut zum Rauchen empfehlen.
Synthesis of Sulfoximines through Selective Sulfur Alkylation of Sulfinamides Generated In Situ from β-Sulfoximine Esters
Authors: Li Guang-xun , Wang Qiwei , Han Min , Luo Lanxin , Tang Zhuo
Published: March 2023

Over the past decade, the incidence of sulfoximine functional groups in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals has increased significantly. This increase has led to a range of useful strategies for installing a S(VI) functionality into complex organic molecules. Conventional synthetic methods for forming α-substituted sulfonimidoyl motifs rely on late-stage modifications at sulfur and involve multistep routes. We report the development of an efficient and general method for the synthesis of various α-arylated sulfoximines through a selective S-alkylation. This strategy uses economical and readily available β-sulfoximine esters as precursors of sulfinamides and has been demonstrated by the preparation of 31 sulfoximines in good yields (up to 87%).
Recovery of Acute Ophthalmoplegia after Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injections to the Temples: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Tabatabaei Fatemeh-sadat , Azimi Amirali , Tabatabaei Seyyed Shahabeddin , Pakdaman Hossein
Published: March 2023

Soft tissue filler injection is the second most common nonsurgical cosmetic procedure. Despite the safety of fillers, as use has grown, so has the number of patients affected by adverse events. Ophthalmoplegia following cosmetic filler injection is a rare complication, mostly occurring after injection to the glabella, nasolabial fold, periorbital, and lateral nasal site. In all cases where ophthalmoplegia has been reported following fillers, patients have simultaneously experienced vision loss and other ocular symptoms. We report a case of isolated acute ophthalmoplegia following hyaluronic acid injection solely in the temple region. A 40-year-old woman, 3 hours after the procedure, presented to our hospital with left eye ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, and hypotropia. Treatment started with hyaluronidase, steroids, and anticoagulants. After 4 weeks, left eye ophthalmoplegia remained unchanged, and through a 10-week follow-up, all left ocular movements improved, and only mild hypotropia and ptosis persisted. This case report shows that ophthalmoplegia may also happen with temple region filler injections. We also review available prevention techniques and treatments to avoid such complications when performing soft tissue fillers for gaunt appearance correction.
Shrinkage Volume, Compressive Strength, and Surface Roughness Y-TTRIA Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal (Y-TZP) Using Binders Variation PVA:PEG as an Alternative Dental Implants Materials
Authors: Widaningsih Widaningsih , Ariestania Vivin , Ashrin Meinar N. , Prananingrum Widyasri , Rahmitasari Fitri , Apituley Terry , Joshua Alvin , W. Yeremia Alfred , Fauzia Bunga , Nanik Chaterina D. , Lestari Oka
Published: March 2023

Objective Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) is one of the materials that can be used as an alternative material for dental implants because of its good mechanical, biocompatible, and aesthetic properties. The binder used for ceramic processing to help bond is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which can increase the density of the ceramic material, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), which is used as a plasticizer for PVA, so it is pretty soft when pressed.

Materials and Methods The sample was divided into five groups for volume shrinkage and compressive strength examination consisting of K1 (PVA 100%), K2 (PEG 100%), P1 (PVA:PEG 95:5), P2 (PVA:PEG 90:10), and P3 (PVA:PEG 85:15) and four groups on the surface roughness test, namely, K (PVA:PEG 1%), P1 (PVA:PEG 2%), P2 (PVA:PEG 3%), and P3 (PVA:PEG 4%). PVA:PEG binder with various concentrations was mixed with Y-TZP. The mixture was pressed using a uniaxial pressing method and continued by sintering at 1200°C for 4 hours.

Statistical Analysis Least significant difference (LSD) test result showed that there was a significant difference in the compressive strength value and shrinkage volume between groups K1 and K2 and P3, and groups K2 with P1, P2, and P3. Post hoc LSD surface roughness test showed a significant difference between groups K with P2 and P3 and P1 and P3 (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between K with P1 and P2 with P3.

Results The Y-TZP group with the PVA binder mixture had the highest compressive strength, while the highest volume shrinkage was found in the PEG group. The next highest compressive strength and volume shrinkage values were found in the PVA:PEG group with a ratio of 95:5, 102.44 MPa, and 12.5%. The best PVA:PEG ratio of 95:5 is used to make surface roughness measurement samples. The best results showed that mixing Y-TZP with 4% PVA:PEG binder had the highest surface roughness compared to other PVA:PEG binders, namely 1.3450 μm.

Conclusion From this study, it can be concluded that the best PVA:PEG percentage ratio to produce volume shrinkage and compressive strength is 95:5. The higher the concentration of PVA:PEG (95:5) binder mixed with Y-TZP, the higher the porosity will be.
Genetic Analysis of the Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms rs880810, rs545793, rs80094639, and rs13251901 in Nonsyndromic Oral Clefts: A Case–Parent Trio Study
Authors: Khan Mahamad Irfanulla , CS Prashanth , Srinath N. , Neela Praveen K. , Mohiuddin Mohammed K.
Published: March 2023

Oral clefts, including cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), and cleft lip and palate (CLP), are the most common types of congenital anomalies of the human face. Various genetic and environmental factors play a role in developing oral clefts. Several studies have shown the association of the PAX7 gene and the 8q24 region with these oral clefts in different populations worldwide. However, there are no reported studies on the possible connection between the PAX7 gene and the 8q24 region nucleotide variants and the risk of developing nonsyndromic oral clefts (NSOC) in the Indian population. Hence, this study aimed to test the possible association between PAX7 gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs880810, rs545793,rs80094639, and rs13251901 of the 8q24 region using a case-parent trio design. Forty case-parent trios were selected from the CLP center. Genomic DNA was isolated from the cases and their parents. The rs880810, rs545793, rs80094639, and rs13251901 were genotyped by the MassARRAY technique. PLINK software was used for statistical analysis. All the SNPs were tested for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No statistical significance was found with any SNPs, as none of the genotyped SNPs showed a p-value of less than 0.05. Hence, the rs880810, rs545793, and rs80094639 of the PAX7 gene, and rs13251901 of the 8q24 region are not associated with NSOC in the Indian population.
Comparison between Protocols for Management of Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Leal Caio Ribeiro Vieira , Rezende Karen Pereira , Macedo Evilane do Carmo Patrício de , Rezende Guilherme de Castro , Corrêa Júnior Mário Dias
Published: March 2023

This comprehensive review compares clinical protocols of important entities regarding the management of fetal growth restriction (FGR), published since 2015. Five protocols were chosen for data extraction. There were no relevant differences regarding the diagnosis and classification of FGR between the protocols. In general, all protocols suggest that the assessment of fetal vitality must be performed in a multimodally, associating biophysical parameters (such as cardiotocography and fetal biophysical profile) with the Doppler velocimetry parameters of the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, and ductus venosus. All protocols reinforce that the more severe the fetal condition, the more frequent this assessment should be made. The timely gestational age and mode of delivery to terminate the pregnancy in these cases can vary much between the protocols. Therefore, this paper presents, in a didactic way, the particularities of different protocols for monitoring FGR, in order to help obstetricians to better manage the cases.
Polymeric gene vectors enable safe and customizable gene delivery
Authors: Shapiro Maura
Published: March 2023

Alternative to viral and lipid-based gene therapy vectors can be tailored to improve efficiency and targeting
Determining metallic nanoparticle size from exploding wires
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: March 2023

Computational model describes metallic nanoparticle synthetization from cold-start conditions.
Double interlacing in random tiling models
Authors: Adler Mark , van Moerbeke Pierre
Published: March 2023

Random tilings of very large domains will typically lead to a solid, a liquid, and a gas phase. In the two-phase case, the solid–liquid boundary (arctic curve) is smooth, possibly with singularities. At the point of tangency of the arctic curve with the domain boundary, for large-sized domains, the tiles of a certain shape form a singly interlacing set, fluctuating according to the eigenvalues of the principal minors of a Gaussian unitary ensemble-matrix. Introducing non-convexities in large domains may lead to the appearance of several interacting liquid regions: They can merely touch, leading to either a split tacnode (hard tacnode), with two distinct adjacent frozen phases descending into the tacnode, or a soft tacnode. For appropriate scaling of the non-convex domains and probing about such split tacnodes, filaments, evolving in a bricklike sea of dimers of another type, will connect the liquid patches. Nearby, the tiling fluctuations are governed by a discrete tacnode kernel—i.e., a determinantal point process on a doubly interlacing set of dots belonging to a discrete array of parallel lines. This kernel enables us to compute the joint distribution of the dots along those lines. This kernel appears in two very different models: (i) domino tilings of skew-Aztec rectangles and (ii) lozenge tilings of hexagons with cuts along opposite edges. Soft tacnodes appear when two arctic curves gently touch each other amid a bricklike sea of dimers of one type, unlike the split tacnode. We hope that this largely expository paper will provide a view on the subject and be accessible to a wider audience.
Understanding the effect of ambient gas pressure on the nanoparticle formation in electrically exploding wires
Authors: Wang Kun , Zhang Yuqing , Jiang Lincun , Li Zhiyuan , Wang Xin , Zhai Jinwei , Zhang Siao
Published: March 2023

In this paper, a computational model characterizing the preparation of metallic nanoparticles by electrically exploding wires from the onset of current flowing through the wire to the final moment of nanoparticle formation in a gaseous environment is constructed. The computational model consists of a 1D magnetohydrodynamic model, a simplified magnetohydrodynamic model with two-temperature approximation, and a set of general dynamic equations based on the nodal approach, corresponding to the phase transition stage, plasma evolution stage, and nanoparticle growth stage, respectively. The numerical investigation on the formation of nanoparticles is performed with “cold-start” conditions. The computational predictions for the dependence of nanoparticle size on proportion under argon gas pressure of 10 kPa demonstrate that the nanoparticles of 21 nm in diameter account for the maximum proportion of 4.3%. It coincides with the experimental measurements for nanoparticles of 19 nm in diameter with the maximum proportion of 3.5%. The computational model is employed to reveal the influence of ambient gas pressures on the process of nanoparticle formation. The variation trends for parameters of exploding products, cooling rate, and nanoparticle diameter with the largest proportion on ambient gas pressures are discussed. The size distribution of nanoparticles under different argon gas pressures matches relatively well with relevant experimental data. This computational model bridges the gap between the electrically exploding wires and the growth of nanoparticles, providing theoretical support for the regulation and control technology in nanoparticle synthesization by electrically exploding wires.
Markov-modulated model for landing flow dynamics: An ordinal analysis validation
Authors: Olivares F. , Zunino L. , Zanin M.
Published: March 2023

Air transportation is a complex system characterized by a plethora of interactions at multiple temporal and spatial scales; as a consequence, even simple dynamics like sequencing aircraft for landing can lead to the appearance of emergent behaviors, which are both difficult to control and detrimental to operational efficiency. We propose a model, based on a modulated Markov jitter, to represent ordinal pattern properties of real landing operations in European airports. The parameters of the model are tuned by minimizing the distance between the probability distributions of ordinal patterns generated by the real and synthetic sequences, as estimated by the Permutation Jensen–Shannon Distance. We show that the correlation between consecutive hours in the landing flow changes between airports and that it can be interpreted as a metric of efficiency. We further compare the dynamics pre and post COVID-19, showing how this has changed beyond what can be attributed to a simple reduction of traffic. We finally draw some operational conclusions and discuss the applicability of these findings in a real operational environment.
Control of low-mode drive asymmetry in an efficient long-pulse low gas-fill density Hohlraum
Authors: Izumi N. , Döppner T. , Milovich J. L. , Landen O. L. , Callahan D. A. , Chapman T. , Hinkel D. E. , Hatala C. V. Houldin , Khan S. , Kroll J. J. , MacGowan B. J. , Marin E. , Mariscal D. , Mauldin M. , Millot M. , Moody J. D. , Newman K. , Ratledge M. , Ross J. S. , Tubman E. , Vonhof S. , Wall J.
Published: March 2023

Laser-driven Hohlraums filled with gas at lower densities (<0.6 mg/cc) have higher efficiency compared to original ≥ 0.96 mg/cc fill because of reduced backscatter losses [Hall et al., Phys. Plasmas 24, 052706 (2017)]. However, using low-density filled Hohlraums with longer drive required for lower adiabat implosions, and hence potentially higher inertial confinement fusion gain designs, has been challenging since the Hohlraum wall blow-off is less tamped, thus altering the laser beam absorption regions and drive symmetry. A series of NIF experiments using optimized pulse shaping, beam pointing, and temporal phasing have demonstrated, through imaging of the Hohlraum and capsule dynamics, that a symmetric implosion using a 14-ns low-adiabat drive pulse {2× longer than high-density-carbon ablator designs using low gas-fill density Hohlraums [Divol et al., Phys. Plasmas 24, 056309 (2017)]} is possible in a low backscatter loss 0.45 mg/cc He-filled Hohlraum. The ingress of the Hohlraum walls was mitigated by revisiting the adiabat-shaped design [Clark et al., Phys. Plasmas 21, 112705 (2014)] that uses a low-power (1 TW) trough that delays the wall expansion. Low-mode P2 and P4 drive asymmetry swings caused by the drift of the laser spots were essentially zeroed out by employing temporal beam phasing between cones of beams [Turner et al., Phys. Plasmas 7, 333 (2000)]. The results also indicate an improved coupling efficiency of ∼30% compared to an earlier design using higher density filled Hohlraums and pave the way for revisiting low-adiabat, high convergence drives using CH ablators.
Continuous three-level quantum heat engine with high performance under medium temperature difference
Authors: Deng Gao-xiang , Shao Wei , Liu Yu , Cui Zheng
Published: March 2023

The possibility of utilizing quantum effects to enhance the performance of quantum heat engines has been an active topic of research, but how to enhance the performance by optimizing the engine parameters needs to be further studied. In this study, the temperature difference and dissipation modes affecting the performance of a three-level quantum heat engine were analyzed using an orthogonal test. The results indicated that the dissipation mode dominated the performance of the quantum heat engine. The quantum heat engine performs best when there is only resonance and no detuning; however, when detuning exists, a lower resonance can improve the efficiency by reducing energy losses. Regarding the temperature difference, the best performance was achieved at a medium temperature difference owing to the decreasing heat leakage. Finally, the “quantum friction” caused by the detuning could make the maximal efficiency lower than the Carnot efficiency.
Mobile defects as mediated states for charge-carrier trapping in metal halide perovskites quantum dots
Authors: Liu Xiao-Yi , Li Wei-Ping , Cui Yu , Li Shao-Juan , Yang Ran-Bo , Li Zhi-Qing , Wang Zi-Wu
Published: March 2023

The migration motion of defects in metal halide perovskites' quantum dots (MHPQDs) results in charge-carrier trapping which has become more complicated. We study two-step trapping mediated by mobile defects between the ground state of MHPQDs and a fixed-depth defect using a full-configuration defect method, where all possible trapping processes mediated by these mobile defects could be reproduced and the fastest channels among them are picked out. We find that these two-step trapping processes could keep more one order of magnitude faster than these direct ones as mobile defects with the appropriate localization strength, which implies that these indirect trapping should play the crucial rule to determine the non-radiative recombination losses. These results provide the significant explanation for studying non-radiation processes of carriers in the presence of the migration defects in recent experiments. Moreover, this model will be available to analyze some key performance related defects in electronic devices.
Controllable 2H/3R phase transition and conduction behavior change in MoSe2:Nb substitution by high pressure synthesis for promising thermoelectric conversion
Authors: Zhu Yinghao , Wan Biao , Shen Weixia , Zhang Zhuangfei , Fang Chao , Wang Qianqian , Chen Liangchao , Zhang Yuewen , Jia Xiaopeng
Published: March 2023

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are uniquely multifunctional materials with optical, electronic, and catalytic properties. Despite the advantages of low cost, low toxicity, and high abundance, the thermoelectric transport properties of MoSe2 were not extensively investigated. Meanwhile, MoSe2 bulk material with 3R phase was rarely reported compared to 2H phase. In this work, controllable phase transition from 2H to 3 R for MoSe2 bulk polycrystalline material was achieved with various Nb contents by a simple and feasible high-pressure method. The preferred orientation resulted in anisotropy of both electrical and thermal transport. The samples converted from n type for pristine sample to p type conduction after Nb doping. Meanwhile, the conduction type gradually changed from semiconductor to degenerated semiconductor. The electrical properties were distinctly improved by Nb doping systematically from the reduced bandgap and the enhanced carrier concentration and mobility. The lattice thermal conductivity was reduced by point defects and grain/phase boundaries generating from Nb doping. Maximum zT of 0.17 at 873 K was obtained for Nb0.04Mo0.96Se2, which is among the highest values for Te-free Mo dichalcogenides. The strategy of chemical doping and high-pressure synthesis provides an alternative route to achieve MoSe2 bulk materials with a controllable 2H/3R phase ratio for potential applications, which can be extended to other TMDs.
Improved perovskite triboelectric nanogenerators by effective defect passivation and interface modulation
Authors: Yu Bin-Bin , Hu Xuanang , Wang Haijun , Liang Qihua , Wang Liaoyu , Wu Yinghui , Qin Qi , Huang Long-Biao
Published: March 2023

Perovskite-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have obtained wide attention and investigation due to their excellent dielectric and electrical properties, as well as the diversity of perovskite materials. In this work, phenethyl ammonium iodide (PEAI) was applied to tailor the interface of MAPbI3 films, to form a 2D/3D heterojunction, and to passivate defects of films. The TENGs after PEAI passivation achieved significant improvement in voltage and current density with an increase in the output voltage from 33.3 to 40.1 V, and the current density was improved from 9.1 to 10.1 mA/m2. The improved output properties might be attributed to changes in the triboelectric charge density, carrier mobility, reduced interfacial combination by effective defect passivation, and favorable charge transporting by constructing 2D/3D heterojunctions for the effect of the built-in electric field. This work demonstrates that interfacial modification is one of the feasible methods for improving the performance of TENGs and supplies further possibilities for high-performance perovskite-based TENGs.
Theoretical insight into potential thermoelectric performance of ternary metal phosphide CaAgP
Authors: Jong Un-Gi , Ryu Chol , Kang Chung-Jin , Yu Chol-Jun
Published: March 2023

Metal phosphides have recently emerged as promising thermoelectric materials with high performance and low cost of constituent elements. In this work, we provide atomistic insight into thermoelectric performance of ternary metal phosphide CaAgP using first-principles calculations of transport properties, focusing on an accurate description of phonon–phonon and electron–phonon interactions. Applying a unified theory for lattice thermal conductivity and momentum, self-energy relaxation time approximation approaches for phonon-limited electronic transports result in overall agreement with experiment for transport properties of CaAgP. Having a promising thermoelectric figure of merit ZT over 0.48 at 650 K, nano-phasing or doping is suggested to further enhance the thermoelectric performance.
Oxygen vacancy contributions to the electrical stress response and endurance of ferroelectric hafnium zirconium oxide thin films
Authors: Mallick Antik , Lenox Megan K. , Beechem Thomas E. , Ihlefeld Jon F. , Shukla Nikhil
Published: March 2023

Despite its scalability and CMOS process compatibility, the limited endurance and sub-optimal stress response of ferroelectric Zr-substituted hafnia [(Hf,Zr)O2] have been one of the key impediments toward its integration into practical device and technology applications. Here, using electrical measurements complemented by photoluminescence spectroscopy, we investigate the underlying mechanisms behind this behavior in 10 nm thick W/Hf0.5Zr0.5O2/W capacitors. Analyzing the evolution of leakage current with stress cycles and the spectroscopic response of the stress-induced leakage current, we attribute the behavior to defect levels, which lie at 0.6 eV from the conduction band edge of the ferroelectric. Photoluminescence spectroscopy, in turn, further corroborates the defect level's position within the bandgap while enabling its attribution to the presence of oxygen vacancies. This work helps to identify oxygen vacancies as the key factor responsible for the degraded endurance and stress response in (Hf,Zr)O2 and subsequently motivates the exploration of methods to reduce the oxygen vacancy concentrations without destabilizing the ferroelectric orthorhombic phase.
Measurement and diagnosis of miniaturized ion thruster plume
Authors: Yang Yunfan , Zhou Siyin , Yan Kang , Wang Zitong , Zhang Zun , Nie Wansheng
Published: March 2023

A planar Langmuir probe, which can be used for both ion electric propulsion beam characteristics measurement and plasma diagnosis, was developed and applied to plume measurement and diagnosis experiments of an 8 cm Kaufman ion thruster to address the growing demand for miniaturized ion thruster plume measurement and diagnosis. The experimental results show that the plume area exhibits good symmetry along the central axis, and the beam dispersion angle of the 8 cm ion thruster is approximately 22.7°. The radial distributions of the floating potential, plasma space potential and ion density are similar, showing a high distribution in the middle and a relatively low distribution at the two ends. The miniaturized ion thruster plume measurement and diagnosis system is not only easy to manipulate, but also fast and efficient for plasma plume measurement and diagnosis, which provides more complete data support for analyzing the working state of the miniaturized ion thrusters and optimizing the design of the thruster structure.
Thermal divergences of quantum measurement engine
Authors: Su Shanhe , Lin Zhiyuan , Chen Jincan
Published: March 2023

A quantum engine fueled by quantum measurement is proposed. Under the finite-time unitary transformation, the conversion of heat to work is realized without the compression and expansion of the resonance frequency. The work output, quantum heat, and efficiency are derived, highlighting the important role of the thermal divergence recently reappearing in open quantum systems. The key problem of how the measurement basis can be optimized to enhance the performance is solved by connecting the thermal divergence to the nonequilibrium free energy and entropy. The spin-engine architecture offers a comprehensive platform for future investigations of extracting work from quantum measurement.
Magnetic field-induced Freedericksz transition in a chiral liquid crystal
Authors: Missaoui Amine , Susser Adam L. , Aharoni Hillel , Rosenblatt Charles
Published: March 2023

A wedge cell made of homeotropically treated glass plates is filled with a chirally doped nematic liquid crystal. When a sufficiently large magnetic field is applied in the cell plane, a bend-like distortion occurs above a Fréedericksz threshold field Hth. Hth is reduced from the achiral case because of a field-induced bend distortion that facilitates a chiral twist distortion. Measurements of Hth vs sample thickness are reported and compared favorably with a theoretical model presented herein. A further theoretical comparison is made between Hth and the electric-field-induced transition in a geometry, exhibiting a 2π azimuthal degeneracy. The results may have technological implications in, for example, in-plane switching devices.
Utility of Shockley–Read–Hall analysis to extract defect properties from semiconductor minority carrier lifetime data
Authors: Webster P. T. , Carrasco R. A. , Newell A. T. , Logan J. V. , Grant P. C. , Maestas D. , Morath C. P.
Published: March 2023

The semiconductor minority carrier lifetime contains information about several important material properties, including Shockley–Read–Hall defect levels/concentrations and radiative/Auger recombination rates, and the complex relationships between these parameters produce a non-trivial temperature-dependence of the measured lifetime. It is tempting to fit temperature-dependent lifetime data to extract the properties of the Shockley–Read–Hall recombination centers; however, without a priori knowledge of the distribution of the Shockley–Read–Hall states across the bandgap, this fit problem is under-constrained in most circumstances. Shockley–Read–Hall lifetime data are not well-suited for the extraction of Shockley–Read–Hall defect levels but can be used effectively to extract minority carrier recombination lifetimes. The minority carrier recombination lifetime is observed at temperatures below 100 K in a Si-doped n-type InGaAs/InAsSb superlattice, and deviation from its expected temperature-dependence indicates that the capture cross section of the defect associated with Si-doping has an activation energy of 1.5 meV or a characteristic temperature of 17 K. This lower temperature regime is also preferrable for the analysis of the physics of defect introduction with displacement-damage-generating particle irradiation.
Perspective on perovskite indoor photovoltaics
Authors: Chen Chun-Hao , Wang Zhao-Kui , Liao Liang-Sheng
Published: March 2023

The concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) is a future development opportunity for mankind, which is a system that realize the interaction of various electronic devices through wireless communication. With the rise and development of this concept, the energy demand gap of self-powered equipment in IoT has emerged. The construction of an off-grid power system will make the wireless network of IoT easy to integrate and meet the higher requirements of power supply equipment in terms of size, weight, energy-consumption, and cost. Indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) can provide stable and long-term power guarantee by collecting indoor light, which are perfectly matched with IoT. Photovoltaic cells based on a-silicon, dye, organic compounds, and halide perovskite have been proved to be suitable for IPVs. Among them, perovskite indoor photovoltaics (PIPVs) have attracted much attention due to its advantages of tunable bandgap, high output voltage, flexible preparation, and low cost. In addition, the indoor stability and toxicity of PIPVs are also discussed in this Perspective.