bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modulation of the Immune System and Hemogram Parameters by Prunus spinosa in Short-Term Hyperglycemia
Authors: TEMİZ Mehmet Ali , OKUMUŞ Emine
Published: October 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the chronic diseases, relationship increased blood glucose level, that requires urgent global attention due to its prevalence and associated complications. DM leads to oxidative stress that plays an important role in the development of various complications in diabetes by suppressing the immune system. Prunus spinosa is a plant that has been used in the treatment of many diseases from past to present, thanks to its high antioxidant activity. Therefore, the present study aims to research the effect of P. spinosa leaf and flower mixture on immune system during the short-term diabetic condition. In the study, 56 Wistar albino male rats divided into 7 groups, one of which control and others six diabetic groups, were used to determine the effects of P. spinosa on adenosine deaminase (ADA), (xanthine oxidase) XO and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in the liver tissues of diabetic rats as well as on hemogram parameters. Two of these groups were given plant extract in different concentrations (25 and 50 mg/kg bw) and the results were compared with insulin, metformin and acarbose groups. The results showed that both doses administered had a modulating effect on the changing hematological parameters caused by diabetes. Treatment groups significantly decreased ADA, XO, and MPO activities compared to diabetic group. The effects of the PSE50 were found to be more effective than all other treatment. These effects of the plant in diabetesmay be due to its therapeutic immunoregulatory potential. As a result, P. spinosa can be a valuable resource as an adjuvant on diabetes.
The Effect of Short-Term or Long-Term Progesterone-Based Estrus Synchronization on Fertility Parameters in Tuj Ewes outside the Breeding Season
Authors: TAÇYILDIZ Erdem , BOĞA KURU Buket , KURU Mushap
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of estrus synchronization on certain fertility parameters in Tuj ewes during the non-breeding season, using short-term (ST) or long-term (LT) progesterone (P4)-impregnated sponge and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG). Forty-eight clinically healthy Tuj ewes were selected and divided into three groups: Group I (G1, n=15), Group II (G2, n=18), and Group III (G3, n=15). G1 and G2 received hormonal treatment with a P4-impregnated sponge inserted into the vagina on day 0, and 500 IU eCG was administered intramuscularly five or ten days later, respectively. The sponges were removed from the vagina seven days after insertion for G1 and 12 days after insertion for G2. G3 did not receive any hormone treatment. All groups were exposed to the ram 24 hours after sponge removal. Estrus was monitored every six hours for five days, and pregnancy was confirmed by transrectal ultrasonography. The estrus rate, estrus onset time, and pregnancy rate were significantly different between G1 and G3 and between G2 and G3 (p0.05). In conclusion, ST or LTP4-impregnated vaginal sponge treatment was equally effective on fertility parameters in Tuj ewes during the non-breeding season.
Source base of legal dissertation research: understanding, structure, representation of information carriers
Authors: Kodan Sergey
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the problems of understanding and determining the place, role, purpose and meaning of the source base in dissertations on legal sciences. Underestimation of the importance of understanding and compliance with the criteria of rejection, representational characteristics and representation of sources of knowledge of state-legal phenomena and institutions as carriers of legal information in dissertation research directly affects their quality in terms of novelty, consistency, source argumentation. The evidence and verifiability of the provisions of the scientific attestation work. The author focuses on a number of main problems in this regard, offers a number of specific provisions and proposals regarding the correct presentation of the sources of knowledge of state-legal phenomena and institutions in the text of the dissertation research and the abstract of the dissertation.
Variações de nomenclatura e conceitos clínicos em hipomineralização molar-incisivo: revisão da literatura
Authors: Camargos Maria Eduarda Xavier , Machado Fabrício Campos
Published: October 2023

A Hipomineralização Molar-Incisivo (HMI) é um defeito do desenvolvimento do esmalte que afeta crianças e adolescentes, impactando sua saúde bucal e qualidade de vida. O objetivo deste trabalho foi levantar na literatura conceitos, nomenclaturas e definições acerca da HMI. Diversas nomenclaturas são utilizadas para se referir a esta alteração patológica, o que em termos de comunicação científica pode retardar discussões e soluções de casos clínicos. Percebe-se ainda a abrangência dos critérios de classificação clínica, diagnóstico diferencial, distribuição epidemiológica bastante abrangente, além de impacto importante na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, já que sua patogenia pode incluir sintomatologia dolorosa, sensibilidade e fraturas dentárias de acordo com a gravidade do caso. A prevenção é determinante para a conservação e manutenção da saúde bucal de pessoas que apresentam hipomineralização molar-incisivo.  A abordagem precoce, associada ao conhecimento e educação permanente da equipe odontológica, além é claro de um consenso em terminologias podem contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade de vida de pessoas que vivem com HMI.
Detecção de Escherichia coli e coliformes totais e termotolerantes em sushis comercializados nos shoppings da cidade de Belém
Authors: Da Silva da Costa Elisson Yan , Serra Monteiro Liliane , da Cruz Ratts Mayanne , Oliveira Rocha Amanda Gabriella , Da Silvia Ferreira Marinalva Laize , Do Sacramento de Oliveira Andrey Carlos
Published: October 2023

Na região metropolitana de Belém o consumo de alimentos oriundos da culinária japonesa vem crescendo, isso fica evidente pelo crescimento dos pontos de comercialização desse produto pelos shoppings da cidade. Isso tem despertado a necessidade de se encontrar metodologias viáveis de controle de qualidade desse produto, a fim de evitar surtos de toxinfecção alimentar. O fato de o preparo do sushi envolver elevada manipulação manual e ser consumido sem aquecimento, apresenta alto risco de contaminação por micro-organismos indicadores de contaminação microbiológica. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi detectar a presença de Escherichia coli e coliformes totais e termotolerantes em sushis comercializados nos shoppings da cidade de Belém. Utilizou-se o kit comercial COLItest® e conclui-se que 100% das amostras analisadas encontram-se contaminadas com coliformes totais e termotolerantes.
Análise do Perfil Clínico-Epidemiológico dos Pacientes Que Vivem com HIV/AIDS Submetidos a Intervenções Fisioterapêuticas
Authors: Da Silva da Costa Elisson Yan , Ferreira de Oliveira Tânia Jaqueline , Mendonça de Sousa Liciethy , Da Silvia Ferreira Marinalva Laize , Da Paixão Caldas Kézia , de Carvalho Nascimento Ruana de Paula , Pinheiro Cardoso Vinicius Henrique , Do Sacramento de Oliveira Andrey Carlos
Published: October 2023

Pacientes diagnosticados com HIV/AIDS frequentemente enfrentam uma série de desafios físicos, musculoesqueléticos, respiratórios e neurológicos. A fisioterapia desempenha um papel vital no gerenciamento dessas complicações e na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O presente trabalho visa identificar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes que vivem com HIV/AIDS, e compreender do ponto de vista do paciente a experiência e adesão das intervenções fisioterapêuticas no manejo do HIV/AIDS.  Para tanto, foram aplicados questionários eletrônicos com perguntas abertas e fechadas, sobre o perfil do paciente e rotina de atendimentos. Concluiu-se que há uma predominância de casos em adultos jovens, especialmente do sexo masculino, muitas vezes associados a práticas sexuais de risco. Além disso, ficou evidente que a disseminação do vírus é desigualmente distribuída geograficamente no Brasil e que a fisioterapia desempenha um papel integrado e multidisciplinar no cuidado de pacientes com HIV/AIDS e contribui significativamente para melhora da qualidade de vida e da capacidade funcional desses pacientes.
Efficient Charging and Power Management System for Drone Fleets: Revolutionizing Aerial Operations
Authors: Aayush Sen
Published: October 2023

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), sometimes known as drones, have become more widespread in a variety of industries, ranging from agricultural and infrastructure inspection to emergency response and surveillance. This proliferation demonstrates drones' transformational potential in optimizing operational efficiency, data collection, and cost-effectiveness. However, as the applications of drone technology expand and the demand for their services grows, an urgent need for an effective charging and power management system for drone fleets develops.Several essential reasons highlight the need for better charging and power management infrastructure. For starters, the increasing breadth and length of drone operations necessitate a dependable and simplified power supply method. Drones are increasingly being charged with operations that need continuous power delivery for hours or even days. A trustworthy power management system is critical for conducting large-scale surveys, monitoring vast agricultural regions, or providing critical airborne help in crises.Furthermore, the logistical challenges of controlling a fleet of drones are significant. Coordination of charging schedules, optimization of flight hours, and smooth transitions between missions are all complex activities that require an intelligent and adaptive power management system. This is especially important for companies and organizations that rely substantially on drone technology in their core operations.
Słowacki na uniwersytecie
Authors: Jędrychowski Zbigniew
Published: October 2023

Artykuł przedstawia okres 1825-1828, kiedy Juliusz Słowacki studiował na Uniwersytecie Wileńskim. Autor wyszczególnia i charakteryzuje miejsca, w których poeta mieszkał przez dłuższy czas. Opisuje także położenie Belwederu, letniej rezydencji i ogrodu Augusta Bécu, do którego Słowacki często chodził na spacery. Artykuł uzupełnia pewne luki w wiedzy na temat życia studenckiego poety. Dzięki odnalezieniu kopii dyplomu, wykazu ocen i informacji o ukończeniu studiów udało się ustalić, którzy studenci Oddziału Nauk Moralnych i Politycznych otrzymali nagrodę pieniężną, kto otrzymał wyróżnienie, jaki był temat pracy końcowej Słowackiego i kiedy Słowacki opuścił Wilno na stałe.
DAMPAK STRES KERJA DAN BEBAN KERJA TERHADAP TURNOVER INTETION KARYAWAN HOKKY MART BIMA
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Widakdo Sugeng
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh stres kerja dan beban kerja terhadap turnover itention karyawan Hokky Mart Bima. Intrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa angket atau kuisoner dengan menggunakan skala likert. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Asosiatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karawan sejumlah 40 karyawan. Teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sejumlah 32 responden. Teknik analisa data menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas,uji multikolinearitas, uji normalitas, analisis regresi linier berganda, koefisien determinasi, koefisien korelasi, uji T dan uji F dengan bantuan program SPSS. Hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa variabel variabel stres kerja nilai t hitung sebesar 4,342 dan variabel beban kerja 6,732 yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel stres kerja  di terima, dan variabel beban kerja di terima . Nilai uji f didapatkan sebesar 24,148 sehingga dapat disimpulkan stres kerja dan beban kerja secara bersama-sama memberikan dampak secara positif dan signifikan terhadap turnover itention karyawan Hokky Mart Bima.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN JATI (Tectona grandis) TERHADAP BAKTERI Coliform PADA PRODUK IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Febriana Erna , Chaidir Riri Rimbun Anggih
Published: October 2023

Ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) termasuk salah satu hasil perikanan yang sering dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia karena memiliki kandungan gizi tinggi. Namun, penanganan yang tidak baik dapat menyebabkan kerusakan produk perikanan karena aktivitas mikroorganisme, sehingga diperlukan bahan pengawet alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun jati (Tectona grandis) terhadap bakteri coliform pada produk ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengisolasi bakteri coliform dari sampel ikan nila dengan media Lauryl Tryptose Broth (LTB), Brilliant Green Lactose Broth (BGLB), dan Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB). Ekstraksi daun jati menggunakan metode infundasi (1:10) dan diuji terhadap isolat coliform dari sample ikan nila dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% yang dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif (aquades) dan kontrol positif (formalin). Data yang diamati adalah zona hambat terhadap isolat bakteri coliform yang terbentuk di sekitar kertas cakram. Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 ulangan setiap perlakuan, kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan Duncan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun jati dengan konsentrasi 5% - 20% memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 9,3 mm - 17,6 mm. Konsentrasi ekstrak daun jati 20% merupakan konsentrasi terbaik, dengan zona hambat terbesar yaitu 17,6 mm sehingga memiliki potensi antimikroba terhadap coliform, serta berpotensi sebagai pengganti formalin dalam mengawetkan produk ikan nila.
PEMETAAN DAERAH RAWAN BENCANA BANJIR BERBASIS ANALISIS SPASIAL DI KECAMATAN BRANG REA KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT
Authors: Utama Pramudya Bagas
Published: October 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara dengan kategori rawan bencana alam. Berdasarkan aspek geografis yaitu dinamika struktur geologi yang menyebabkan kelerengan yang beragam sehingga menyebabkan keterjadian bencana. Berdasarkan aspek klimatologis yaitu curah hujan dengan intensitas yang tinggi terjadi pada periode bulan November-April. Berdasarkan aspek demografis yaitu ulah manusia yang melakukan penumpukan sampah di setiap tempat yang merupakan jalur air mengalir dari hulu ke hilir. Kecamatan Brang Rea merupakan salah satu wilayah di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat yang kerap terjadi bencana banjir karena wilayah tersebut merupakan daerah tangkapan air hujan (water catchment area) dan juga dilintasi oleh wilayah Daerah Aliran Sungai Brang Rea. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memetakan wilayah yang memiliki kerawanan banjir sedang sampai tinggi untuk mengetahui wilayah rawan bencana banjir. Pengumpulan dan analisis data dilakukan melalui observasi wilayah menggunakan interpretasi data citra dan peta dasar maupun tematik sehingga dapat dilakukan analisis tumpangtindih (overlay) untuk mengetahui wilayah kerawanan bencana banjir. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa kerawanan bencana banjir pada Kecamatan Brang Rea termasuk dalam kategori sedang sampai berat.
PENILAIAN STATUS GIZI IBU MENYUSUI EKSKLUSIF DENGAN METODE 24 H RECALL DI KECAMATAN SUMBAWA
Authors: Sari Ratna Nurmalita , Murniyati  , Azis Lukman
Published: October 2023

Asupan gizi yang cukup merupakan faktor penting dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan ibu menyusui dan bayinya, terutama pada periode ASI eksklusif. Kekurangan gizi dapat berdampak pada kualitas air susu ibu (ASI) yang dihasilkan dan meningkatkan risiko stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status gizi ibu menyusui pada periode eksklusif menggunakan metode 24h recall di Kecamatan Sumbawa. Studi ini dilakukan menggunakan metode cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada 24 ibu menyusui. Asupan ibu menyusui juga dikelompokan dengan menggunakan pedoman Food Agriculture Organization (FAO), sementara asupan gizi dinilai menggunakan Nutrisurvey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asupan gizi makro dan mikro melebihi AKG. Namun, terdapat 6 zat gizi mikro yang berada di bawah AKG yaitu asam folat, vitamin E, vitamin C, kalsium, dan serat. Berdasarkan kelompok makanan yang dikonsumsi, kelompok makanan berpati merupakan kelompok paling banyak dikonsumsi oleh responden.
Determinan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Pekerjaan Bebas di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Alem Janitra Raden
Published: October 2023

Kepatuhan wajib pajak adalah suatu keadaan dimana wajib pajak memenuhi seluruh kewajiban perpajakannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi di Yogyakarta yang memperoleh penghasilan pekerjaan bebas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara semi terstruktur. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah sepuluh orang wajib pajak yang mendapatkan penghasilan dari pekerjaan bebas yang terdaftar di Yogyakarta. . Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Wajib Pajak telah dipahami sebagai bentuk kepatuhan, kontribusi terhadap masyarakat dan tanggung jawab sebagai warga negara yang baik dan patuh terhadap peraturan. Faktor penentu perilaku kepatuhan berasal dari faktor eksternal dan internal. Faktor internal yang mendukung perilaku kepatuhan peserta adalah perspektif berlatar belakang usia,  dan pekerjaan, kesadaran,cara pandang terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak . Faktor eksternal tersebut adalah pelayanan fiskus kantor pajak dan lingkungan sekitar , berpengaruh pada perilaku kepatuhan.
DETERMINATION OF THE DISINFECTING PROPERTIES OF THE «BACTERIDEZ VET» AGENT IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Shcherbakova Gulizar Sh.
Published: October 2023

Laboratory studies of the agent «Bacteridez Vet» were carried out, during which it was found that it has disinfectant properties. The studies were carried out on reference strains of microorganisms: Escherichia coli (strain 1257), Staphylococcus aureus (strain 209-P), Mycobacterium (strain B-5), Bacillus cereus (strain 96) and test samples made of smooth and rough materials used at veterinary surveillance facilities. Studies have shown that disinfection of artificially infected E. coli strain 1257 and S. aureus strain 209-P test surfaces achieved: smooth (stainless steel, tile) – 0,1%, rough (wood, concrete) – 1% solutions when exposed to the agent 1 hour, the rate of consumption of the agent 0,25–0,5 l/m2 for all types of surfaces. Disinfection of test surfaces made of wood and concrete contaminated with highly resistant and especially resistant microorganisms was achieved by double spraying, exposure of 24 hours for mycobacteria – 4% concentration, for spores of B. cereus strain 96-6%.
MICROBIOLOGICAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Conservation Technology – a branch of the Federal Scientific Center for Food Systems named after V.M. Gorbatov of RAS, Vidnoye 142703, Russian Federation, Bondarenkо Anna V. ,   Russian Biotechnological University (ROSBIOTECH), Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Kurbanova Madinat N. ,   Russian Biotechnological University, (BIOTECH University), Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Abdullaeva Asiyat M. ,   Russian Biotechnological University, (BIOTECH University), Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Samoylova Anastasia M. ,   Russian Biotechnological University, (BIOTECH University), Moscow 125080, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The article presents the dynamics of seasonal changes in regulated microbiological indicators of dairy products. Dairy products from various outlets of the Central subject of the Russian Federation were examined depending on the time of year: in 2019 – 917 samples of various names and manufacturers, in 2020 – 740 samples, in 2021 – 908 samples. It was found that in 2019 and 2021 there was a similar dynamics of inconsistencies in indicators: coliform bacteria, the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultatively anaerobic microorganisms, yeast and mold fungi, with the main share of violations occurring in the summer period. In 2020, violations of sanitary and hygienic indicators are especially noticeable during the spring, and spoilage microorganisms – in the summer months.
STUDYING THE EFFICIENCY OF ENTEROSORBENT ALVISORB FOR REDUCING INTOXICATION OF THE BEE ORGANISM DURING TREATMENT WITH OXYVIT FROM EUROPEAN FOULDER
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Galimova Valentina P. , Blinov Nicolay V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Sokhlikov Alexey B. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the possibility of using enterosorbents for detoxification of the organism of bees under the influence of excessive doses of drugs used to treat bee colonies from foul diseases. The conducted studies have confirmed that the use of the drug Oxyvit (active ingredient – oxytetracycline hydrochloride) in compliance with the therapeutic dose, the viability of bees is not impaired and honey is not contaminated with antibiotic residues. Doubling the dose of the drug when spraying honeycombs is detrimental to young bee larvae and adversely affects the quality of honey. The negative effect of the use of an overdose of the antibiotic was neutralized with the help of Alvisorb enterosorbent by joint use.
Тенденції та проблеми у сфері територіальної організації влади в Україні
Authors: Красівський Д. О. , Качан Я. В.
Published: October 2023

Здійснено аналіз наукових статей, монографій, законодавчих актів, які стосуються сучасних тенденцій та проблематики у сфері територіальної організації влади в Україні. Проаналізовано основні тенденції та проблеми у сфері місцевого самоврядування, впровадження децентралізації та громадської участі.

Встановлено, що потрібно вдосконалювати організаційні та правові механізми, спрямовані на підвищення ефективності територіальної організації влади. З'ясовано, що важливо враховувати передовий досвід країн Європейського Союзу та адаптувати його до українських реалій.

Проаналізовано роль місцевого самоврядування у розбудові демократії та регіонального розвитку. Охарактеризовано принципи децентралізації влади, місцевого самоврядування та громадської участі, що сприяють покращенню життя громадян та зміцненню регіонального розвитку.

Зроблено висновок про необхідність подальших досліджень та розвитку концепцій територіальної організації влади в Україні. Запропоновано детальніше проаналізувати регіональні особливості та визначити способи покращення системи місцевого самоврядування з урахуванням ефективних механізмів громадської участі.
Origin of the Moon and Lunar Water
Authors: Gorkavyi Nick
Published: October 2023

Three principal concepts regarding lunar formation have been examined: the accretion hypothesis, the mega-impact theory, and the multi-impact model. The multi-impact model amalgamates the salient facets of the mega-impact theory and the accretion hypothesis. As per this model, fragments of the terrestrial crust are ejected into space during collisions with numerous planetesimals (proto-asteroids) with diameters around 10-100 kilometers. In the vicinity of Earth’s orbit, this ejecta interacts with the accretion disk, augmenting its mass. Numerical computations demonstrate that particles within the prograde-rotating accretion disk effectively capture prograde-rotating ejecta while shedding retrograde-rotating ejecta onto the planetary body. The multi-impact theory provides an explanation for the creation of not just the Moon and Charon but also the satellites of asteroids. Several predictions regarding the parameters of asteroid satellites posited by this theory have already been validated through statistical analysis of binary asteroids. Different models of lunar formation yield varied conclusions regarding the quantity of lunar water, its subsurface distribution, and isotopic composition. The mega-impact theory postulates the genesis of a largely desiccated Moon. Consequently, the modest lunar water content may arise from comets, solar wind, or the transport of water from Earth’s atmosphere. These mechanisms for lunar water formation imply its superficial occurrence in polar regions and substantial deviation of the deuterium-to-hydrogen (D/H) ratio from terrestrial norms. Conversely, the multi-impact theory posits lunar water’s origin from planetesimals, akin to terrestrial water. Thus, a significant quantity of lunar water is inferred, expected to be pervasive across the lunar surface at varying depths, and possessing isotopic composition analogous to terrestrial water. Geomorphological structures in the lunar polar regions (smoothed craters, landslides, regular patterns) suggest the presence of a substantial permafrost layer with an approximate thickness of a kilometer.
Value-Added of Processed Cocoa Seed: A Case Study In CV. Putra Mataram, Polewali Mandar Regency
Authors: Fattah Muhammad Arifin , Arifin Arifin , Sadat Mohammad Anwar , Azisah Azisah , Pata Abdul Asis
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the added value of processed cocoa bean products in chocolate bars and powder at CV. Putra Mataram, Poolewali Mandar Regency. This research was conducted at CV. Putra Mataram, Polewali Mandar Regency in July to August 2022. The data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The data were analyzed by the Hayami method. The results showed the added value obtained by CV. Putra Mataram from processing cocoa beans into chocolate bars and cocoa powder for one production, which is IDR. 527,640, with details for chocolate bars of IDR. 406,640 and cocoa powder for IDR. 121,000. The added value and benefits obtained by CV. Putra Mataram from the processing of cocoa beans is larger than chocolate bars compared to cocoa powder. Therefore chocolate bars need to be prioritized to produce larger quantities to increase profits.
Spatiotemporal variability of thunderstorm activity in the North Caucasus
Authors:   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, Nalchik,, Russia, Adzhiev A.H. , Kerefova Z.M ,   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, Nalchik,, Russia, Gyatov R.A ,   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, Nalchik,, Russia
Published: October 2023

The analysis of the long-term observations (2008–2019) of thunderstorm activity in the North Caucasus using the High-mountain Geophysical Institute lightning detection network with LS8000 and LS7002 sensors is performed. Climatic and orographic regional factors forming the spatial heterogeneity of thunderstorm activity in the analyzed region are identified. It is shown that the number of thunderstorm events, their direction and lightning discharge intensity determine microphysical processes in the atmosphere, namely, the intensity of cloud and precipitation formation. Keywords: thunderstorm activity, climate, lightning, lightning detection network, precipitation, radar High-
The influence of short-term variations in atmospheric forcing on the large-scale structure of oceanographic fields
Authors:   Hydrometeorological Research Center of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Resnyanskii Yu.D. , Zelenko A.A., ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Stepanov V.N ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Strukov B.S. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2023

The dependence of the large-scale structure of oceanographic fields on short-term variations in atmospheric forcing (AF) at the ocean surface has been studied. Estimates of this dependence were obtained by comparing the results of two numerical experiments with the NEMO model in the ORCA1 configuration used as a computational core in the data assimilation system at the Hydrometeorological Center of Russia. The experiments similar in all other respects differed only in the discreteness of the AF data: 3–24 hours in the main experiment and 1 month in the experiment with time-averaged AF. Large-scale characteristics were compared: kinetic energy averaged over large regions, Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, meridional heat transport, mixed layer depth, sea ice volume. It is shown that neglecting high-frequency AF variability can significantly distort the long-term evolution of oceanographic fields reproduced by ocean models and thereby affect the quality of model forecasts. Keywords: oceanographic fields, large-scale structure, NEMO model, atmospheric forcing, short-term variations
A History of Money and Banking in Barbados, 1627-1973
Authors: Armstrong Eric
Published: October 2023

A History of Money and Banking in Barbados documents the development of money and commercial banking in Barbados from the date of the settlement in 1627 to the establishment of the Central Bank of Barbados in 1973. It examines the early years of barter; the introduction of British coins by the Royal Proclamations of 1825 and 1838; the issue of colonial coins (anchor money); the introduction and circulation of foreign coins; the debate over the legal tender of British silver coins and the share of the seigniorage of these coins. Armstrong examines the first banks, the Colonial Bank and the West India Bank, in the nineteenth century, the introduction of Canadian banks in the twentieth century, the expansion of Barclays Bank as well as the issue of Barbados government currency notes; the measures taken by the British government and the Caribbean governments during the Second World War to ensure an adequate supply of currency; and the agreement between Barbados, Trinidad and British Guiana (Guyana) to make their government currency legal tender in each country. Armstrong analyses the establishment and operation of the British Caribbean Currency Board and its acrimonious demise, the establishment of the East Caribbean Currency Authority, the withdrawal of Barbados from the Authority, and the establishment of the Central Bank of Barbados.
Legal Protection Against Sexual Violence on Women: A Study on Legislation
Authors: Salsabilla Salwa , Razif Imran Bukhari , Albab Ulil
Published: October 2023

This study aims to examine the legal protection framework against sexual violence towards women based on Law Number 12 of 2022. This study uses normative legal research methods with a statute approach. These legal materials were collected through a systematic literature review. The results show that Law Number 12 of 2022 has introduced a new paradigm in enhancing legal protection for women victims of sexual violence. Law Number 12 of 2022 provides guarantees of protection and the fulfillment of rights for victims. It also emphasizes the proactive role of the state in assuring and implementing these rights. In providing safety-assuring assistance, the central and regional governments have a strategic role in administrating integrated services encompassing treatment, protection, and recovery for sexual violence victims. Therefore, it is recommended for stakeholders, especially the central and regional governments, to increase the intensity and quality of integrated services that encompass the treatment, protection, and recovery of victims of sexual violence, primarily women. Moreover, the relevant agencies must ensure that every victim has full access to the information and support required by the rights guaranteed by Law Number 12 of 2022. A close collaboration between the government, civil society organizations, and the community can reinforce the implementation of Law Number 12 of 2022. Lastly, educating the general public about protecting women from sexual violence should be continuously enhanced to foster an environment free from violence.
Financial Performance and Working Capital Management Practices of Nigeria’s Consumer Goods Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Iyalla Oprite Malvan , Ibrahim Umar Abbas
Published: October 2023

This study examines the impact of working capital management practices on the financial performance of consumer goods manufacturing firms listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange. The analysis is based on a sample of 20 firms over a ten-year period from 2011 to 2020, utilizing a generalized method of moment (GMM) model. Four indicators of working capital management, including the cash conversion cycle (CCC), inventory turnover period (IVP), accounts payable period (APP), and accounts receivable period (ARP), are assessed, while return on assets (ROA) is used as the measure of financial performance. The findings reveal that a shorter cash conversion cycle and a higher inventory turnover period positively influence the firm’s financial performance. Conversely, a longer accounts payable period has a negative impact, while a longer accounts receivable period positively affects financial performance. These results highlight the importance of adopting effective working capital management practices for enhancing the financial performance of consumer goods manufacturing firms. The study’s conclusions provide valuable insights for firms, investors, and policymakers, emphasizing the significance of optimizing working capital management to drive financial success.
Real-world assessment of treatment multiple myeloma patients on the example of one hematology center
Authors: Luchinin A. S. , Minaeva N. V.
Published: October 2023

Relevance. Despite significant improvements in therapeutic options, patients with multiple myeloma (MM) experience a series of remissions and relapses requiring further lines of therapy, which requires the prescription of new lines of therapy. Methods. We analyzed the types and outcomes of treatment, attrition rates (AR) — the proportion of patients who dropped out of program therapy, and refractoriness to different lines of therapy (LOT) in 447 patients with MM between 2010 and 2022. Resalts. The AR was 17% between LOT-1 and LOT-2, 15% between LOT-2 and LOT-3, and 25% between LOT-3 and LOT- 4. In multivariate regression analysis, only high MM risk significantly increased AR risk. Each new progression of MM increased the number of patients with refractory to bortezomib, lenalidomide, or daratumumab. After LOT-1, LOT-2, and LOT-6%, 26%, and 53% of patients were double-refractory, respectively, and 54% were triple-refractory. Bortezomib- or lenalidomide-refractory patients had a 2.6-fold lower chance of achieving a very good partial response or better (VGPR+). From LOT-1 to LOT-4, the overall response rate and VGPR+ decreased from 74% and 53% to 25% and 15%, respectively. Overall survival (OS) in the entire population was 7.6 years, with an actuarial 5-year OS of 67% and a 10-year OS of 44%. The median of progression-free survival (PFS) was 20 months on LOT-1, 19 months on LOT-2, and 7 months on LOT-3, and the actuarial 5-year PFS was 25%, 18%, and 10%, respectively. Conclusions: In this regard, we observe a continuing trend in the use of cisplatin-containing "rescue" chemotherapy regimens, especially in patients with an aggressive course, including extramedullary forms of MM. These patients could be candidates for bispecific antibody therapy and CAR T-cell therapy, but these options are not yet available in Russia.
Clinical and immunological characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with frequent exacerbations associated with obliterating atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries
Authors: Kotlyarov S. N. , Suchkov I. A. , Uryasev O. M.
Published: October 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), of which obliterating atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries or peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an important component. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical, functional and immunological characteristics of COPD with the phenotype of frequent exacerbations in combination with PAD. Materials and methods. Four groups of COPD patients were included: 20 COPD patients with infrequent exacerbations without ASCVD, 20 COPD patients with frequent exacerbations without ASCVD, 20 patients with frequent exacerbations and PAD, and 20 COPD patients with a phenotype of frequent exacerbations and PAD. Data from 20 healthy controls were analysed for comparison. Clinical and spirometric data were evaluated. General clinical laboratory data and immunological markers (interleukin 1 beta (IL1b) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and serum were analysed. Results. Higher levels of IL1b and TNF in EBC and serum were found in patients with COPD and PAD compared to COPD patients without ASCVD (p<0.05) and healthy controls (p<0.001). The high prevalence of COPD exacerbates the clinical and immunological characteristics of disease severity both without ASCVD and with concomitant PAD. Conclusions. COPD with the phenotype of frequent exacerbations and PAD is characterized by greater severity of local and systemic inflammation, which corresponds to increased inflammatory markers in EBC and serum.
Technologies for acoustic emission monitoring of concrete and reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Sagaidak A. I.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The acoustic emission (AE) method is successfully used for diagnostics and monitoring in various industries including oil and gas, nuclear, aerospace as well as in welding processes and structural corrosion. However, inspection of reinforced concrete structures seldom involves the AE method. The main reason behind is the lack of regulatory documents and specific control procedures.

State Standard R 59938-2021 “Concretes. Acoustic emission testing method” was issued in 2021. Over the past few years, new data on effective application of the acoustic emission method for non-destructive testing and technical diagnostics of the building structures have been obtained. The studies were carried out on specimens and fragments of structures (reinforced concrete beams, concrete samples in the form of slabs, wall panels, etc.) in NIIZHB named after A.A. Gvozdev. The studies were conducted on the structures under construction at Kursk NPP-2.

Aim. To present the results of the recently developed methods of technical diagnostics and non-destructive AE testing of concrete and reinforced concrete structures.

Materials and methods.The investigations were carried out on concrete and reinforced concrete specimens made of both normal (B15–B40) and high-strength (B60–B100) concrete. A number of beams were made of fiber concrete. Structures were tested in the power unit. AE monitoring of concrete hardening involved concrete mixtures made of heavy, fine-grained, cement concrete with mineral and chemical additives. Concrete hardening was investigated remotely, with online data transmission.

Results. Based on the results of the conducted study, the technologies for acoustic emission monitoring and technical diagnostics of the structures under construction and in operation have been developed.

Conclusions. The given acoustic emission technologies can be used for monitoring and technical diagnostics of structures under construction and in operation. The implementation of technologies in construction will lead to the increase in safety and reliability of building structures due to the introduction of acoustic emission monitoring.
A video-game-based method to induce states of high and low flow
Authors: Joessel Freya , Pichon Swann , Bavelier Daphne
Published: October 2023

Flow has been defined as a state of full immersion that may emerge when the skills of a person match the challenge of an activity. It is a special case of being on task, as during flow, keeping focused on the task feels effortless. Most experimental investigations of the neural or physiological correlates of flow contrast conditions with different levels of challenge. Yet comparing different levels of challenge that are too distant may trigger states where the participant is off task, such as boredom or frustration. Thus, it remains unclear whether previously observed differences ascribed to flow may rather reflect differences in how much participants were on task—trying their best—across the contrasted conditions. To remedy this, we introduce a method to manipulate flow by contrasting two video game play conditions at personalized levels of difficulty calibrated such that participants similarly tried their best in both conditions. Across three experiments (> 90 participants), higher flow was robustly reported in our high-flow than in our low-flow condition (mean effect size d = 1.31). Cardiac, respiratory, and skin conductance measures confirmed the known difference between a period of rest and the two on-task conditions of high and low flow, but failed to distinguish between these latter two. In light of the conflicting findings regarding the physiological correlates of flow, we discuss the importance of ensuring a low-flow baseline condition that maintains participants on task, and propose that the present method provides a methodological advance toward that goal.
Application of facial neuromuscular electrical stimulation (fNMES) in psychophysiological research: Practical recommendations based on a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Efthimiou Themis Nikolas , Hernandez Monica Perusquia , Elsenaar Arthur , Mehu Marc , Korb Sebastian
Published: October 2023

Facial neuromuscular electrical stimulation (fNMES), which allows for the non-invasive and physiologically sound activation of facial muscles, has great potential for investigating fundamental questions in psychology and neuroscience, such as the role of proprioceptive facial feedback in emotion induction and emotion recognition, and may serve for clinical applications, such as alleviating symptoms of depression. However, despite illustrious origins in the 19th-century work of Duchenne de Boulogne, the practical application of fNMES remains largely unknown to today’s researchers in psychology. In addition, published studies vary dramatically in the stimulation parameters used, such as stimulation frequency, amplitude, duration, and electrode size, and in the way they reported them. Because fNMES parameters impact the comfort and safety of volunteers, as well as its physiological (and psychological) effects, it is of paramount importance to establish recommendations of good practice and to ensure studies can be better compared and integrated. Here, we provide an introduction to fNMES, systematically review the existing literature focusing on the stimulation parameters used, and offer recommendations on how to safely and reliably deliver fNMES and on how to report the fNMES parameters to allow better cross-study comparison. In addition, we provide a free webpage, to easily visualise fNMES parameters and verify their safety based on current density. As an example of a potential application, we focus on the use of fNMES for the investigation of the facial feedback hypothesis.
Analsis Perbandingan Return Saham Di Masa Covid-19 Pada Perusahaan Perbankan Syariah Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia dan Bursa Malaysia
Authors: Yolanda Dean Fanni , Azmi Zul , Fionasari Dwi
Published: October 2023

This study aims to analyze the comparison of stock returns during the Covid-19 period in Islamic banking companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange and the Malaysian stock exchange. This research is a quantitative research using secondary data. The research data is in the form of stock prices at the closing price obtained from two exchanges, namely the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Malaysia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2021 period. The results of the research based on the normality test using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test tool show that the p-value is 0.000 <0.05, which means that the data is not normally distributed. The results of hypothesis testing using the Mann Whitney test tool show a significance of 0.000 for stock returns during the Covid-19 period in Islamic banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and Malaysia Stock Exchange. This shows a p value <0.05. Thus it means that Ha is accepted, because from the data it is said that there are differences in stock returns during the Covid-19 period for Islamic banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Malaysia Stock Exchange.
Engeli Olan Çocuklar İçin Kapsayıcı Erken Çocukluk Eğitimi Projesi Öykü Kitaplarındaki Değerlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: TÜRKOĞLU Bengü
Published: October 2023

Okul öncesi dönemde hem normal gelişim gösteren hem de engeli olan çocuklar için öykü kitapları hiç şüphesiz ki değerler eğitimi açısından oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu araştırma Engeli Olan Çocuklar İçin Kapsayıcı Erken Çocukluk Eğitimi Projesi’nde yer alan öykü kitaplarında hangi değerlere ne kadar sıklıkla yer verildiğini tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada verilerin toplanması, analizi ve yorumlanması nitel araştırma yöntemine göre yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini okul öncesi dönem çocukları için uygun olan ve Engeli Olan Çocuklar İçin Kapsayıcı Erken Çocukluk Eğitimi Projesi’nde yer alan 38 adet öykü kitabı oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak 24 değerden oluşan Değerler Kontrol Listesi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin toplanması aşamasında doküman analizi yöntemi, verilerin analizi aşamasında ise içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda sevgi, mutluluk, işbirliği, arkadaşlık ve özgürlük değerlerinin öykü kitaplarında en çok rastlanan değerler; çalışkanlık, merhamet, barış, alçak gönüllülük, vatanseverlik ve adalet değerlerinin ise öykü kitaplarında en az yer verilen değerler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öykü kitaplarındaki toplam cümle sayısıyla karşılaştırıldığında değer ifade eden cümlelerin toplam cümleye oranı %52,4’tür. Öykü kitaplarında Değerler Kontrol Listesi’ndeki tüm değerlere farklı oranlarda ve farklı değer ifadeleriyle yer verildiği tespit edilmiştir. Bütün öykü kitaplarında sevgi ve mutluluk değerlerine vurgu yapılmıştır. Ulaşılan sonuçlar çerçevesinde çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarının öğretmenlere, ebeveynlere, yazarlara ve araştırmacılara katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.