bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Изучение феномена «этно-слух»: восприятие «родной» и «чужой» музыки китайскими и российскими студентами вузов
Authors: Торопова А.В. , Князева Т.С.
Published: October 2021

Статья посвящена феномену «этно-слух» в контексте поиска инструментальных исследовательских категорий музыкально-психологической антропологии. Музыкально-психологическая антропология как область знания объединяет комплексную психологическую и культурологическую методологию изучения взаимодействия человека и созданных им форм и стилей музыкального искусства. Серия исследований в статье основана на методологии кросс-культурного изучения особенностей восприятия «родной» и «чужой» музыки группами российских и китайских реципиентов. Все испытуемые — студенты-музыканты московских вузов (N = 53). Представлены процедуры, методы и результаты исследования восприятия музыки разных этнических стилей: а) с помощью биполярных шкал оценки эмоционального содержания; б) с помощью электроэнцефалографических измерений альфа-активности мозга. Как в психосемантическом, так и в ЭЭГ-исследовании было показано, что различий между группами в восприятии классической музыки нет, но есть значительные различия между русскими и китайскими музыкантами в восприятии традиционной русской и китайской музыки. Можно сделать вывод, что восприятие эмоционального контекста «родной» и «чужой» музыки связано с внутренней картиной мировосприятия, сформированной национальной культурой и традициями.
Smart cities IOT & Digital network connectivity devices: Optimization on business in Africa
Authors: Yakubu Ajiji Makeri , Victor Chang Xi’an Jiaotong , Ibrahim Abaker Targio Hashem , Afam Uzorka , Giuseppe T Cirella
Published: October 2021

Today the world is becoming connected. The number of devices that are connected are increasing day by day. Many studies reveal that about 50 billion devices would be connected by 2020 indicating that Internet of things have a very big role to play in the future to come Considering the perplexing engineering of Smart City conditions, it ought not to be failed to remember that their establishment lies in correspondence advancements that permit availability and information move between the components in Smart City conditions. Remote interchanges with their capacities speak to Smart City empowering advancements that give the open door for their fast and effective execution and extension as well. The gigantic weight towards the proficient city the board has triggered various Smart City activities by both government and private area businesses to put resources into Information and Communication Technologies to discover feasible answers for the assorted chances and difficulties (e.g., waste the executives). A few specialists have endeavored to characterize a lot of shrewd urban areas and afterward recognize openings and difficulties in building brilliant urban communities. This short article likewise expresses the progressing movement of the Internet of Things and its relationship to keen urban communities. Advancement in ICT and data sharing innovation are the drivers of keen city degree and scale. This quick development is changing brilliant city development with the beginning of the Internet of Things (IoT). This transformation additionally speaks to difficulties in building (Kehua, Li, and Fu ,Su et al.1). By knowing the attributes of specific advances, the experts will have the occasion to create proficient, practical, and adaptable Smart City frameworks by actualizing the most reasonable one.
Preparation of electrocompetent cells v1
Authors: Guo Shuning
Published: October 2021

This protocol is used to prepare electrocompetent cells with high transformation efficiency.
Mahārah Kalām Book: The Implementation at Arabic Course
Authors: Cholifah Nur , Akmalia Frida
Published: October 2021

In this study, the researchers focus on implementing mahārah kalām book at Al-Azhar Arabic course, Pare. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The data were collected using observation, interviews, and documentation. Miles and Huberman techniques were used to analyzing the data. The results reveal that: first, the textbooks used are books compiled directly by the founder of the course. There are al-muhādaṡah 1, mufradāt 1500 vocabularies, and al-qawāid al-taysīr. Second, in the learning process, the teacher used various methods, namely conversation, singing, question answering, and memorization. Third, the daily evaluation of speaking skills is in the form of a test that requires the students to make a story, which should be memorized and then practiced in front of the class. Finally, the final evaluation covers all the materials learned within 5 -10 minutes.
KONSEP PENATAAN KAWASAN LALEBBATA SEBAGAI KAWASAN HERITAGE DI KOTA PALOPO
Authors: Nurhijrah Nurhijrah , Fisu Amiruddin Akbar , Marzaman Liza Utami , Hafid Zulham
Published: October 2021

Dalam struktur ruang Palopo pada periode prakolonial, Kawasan Lalebbata adalah sentrum bagi Kota Palopo. Ia adalah ‘dunia tengah’ yang memiliki sejarah panjang dan menjadi tempat hidup bagi manusia Luwu. Lalebbata menjadi salah satu alasan Kota Palopo tergabung menjadi salah satu anggota Jaringan Kota Pusaka Indonesia (JKPI) dan telah diarahkan oleh pemerintah sebagai Kota Pusaka. Nilai kearifan lokal yang dipegang dalam pengembangan kota adalah konsep ‘marowa’ yang berarti ramai atau meriah. Penghormatan terhadap Istana Datu Luwu dan Masjid Jami Tua masih menjadi norma sosial atau nilai-nilai yang masih diyakini oleh masyarakat. Lalebata sebagai salah satu kawasan bersejarah memerlukan upaya untuk penataan sebagai upaya menghidupkan kembali aktifitas pada kawasan ini sekaligus sebagai upaya perlindungan, termasuk mengendalikan perkembangan kawasan tersebut agar tidak kehilangan identitas kesejarahaannya. Peraturan Daerah Kota Palopo tentang Cagar Budaya mengamanahkan perencanaan pola ruang Kawasan Cagar Budaya ditetapkan di Kelurahan Batupasi. Rencana pengelolaan kawasan cagar budaya ini meliputi revitalisasi cagar budaya, serta pelestarian dan pemeliharaan bangunan bersejarah serta diarahkan sebagai Kawasan Peruntukan Perdagangan dan Jasa, khususnya sebagai pusat perbelanjaan dan ruang terbuka publik. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan konsep perencanaan dan penataan Kawasan Lalebbata di Batupasi sebagai kawasan heritage sekaligus sebagai ruang publik di Kota Palopo. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan partisipatif kepada warga yang tinggal di sekitar lokasi, untuk menggali potensi dan masalah, serta dilakukan pula tinjauan kebijakan terkait perencanaan dan penataan yang akan dilakukan. Hasil dari tulisan ini adalah konsep penataan kawasan dengan membagi kawasan menjadi beberapa fungsi seperti ruang komersil, ruang publik dan pedestrian, sculpture, plaza, tempat pameran dan museum.
GALERI SEBAGAI WADAH POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN HOME INDUSTRI DI KAWASAN KELURAHAN KOPO KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Wisesa Elgri Yugawati
Published: October 2021

Abstract: This gallery design aims to accommodate 206 Small and Medium Enterprises, 5 food stalls, 32 street vendors, 3 food industries, 8 handicraft industries and 3 clothing industries. This is because there is no place for the potential of Home Industry to become a means of developing new business actors, both micro and macro. This gallery design is located in Kopo Village with an area of 28 hectares consisting of 12 RW and 86 RT which are spatially located in slum areas scattered in Kopo Village according to the Bandung Mayor's Decree regarding Housing and slum settlements in Bandung City.The method used in planning and designing this gallery is a participatory approach. A participatory approach is used as an approach that is closer to the community in order to create a sense of belonging in the Kopo District community. Data collection techniques used were interviews and field observations. As well as data collection from the RPJMD and BPS Kota Bandung. The purpose of planning and designing the Gallery building is to realize its potential container by mobilizing the creative economy community (Ekraf) and jointly building facilities and infrastructure to support the creative economy (Ekraf) in Kopo Village.Keywords: Kampung Kota, gallery, creative economy, home industry Abstrak: Perancangan Galeri ini bertujuan untuk mewadahi 206 UKM, 5 Warung makan, 32 Pedagang kaki lima (PKL), 3 Industri Makanan, 8 Industri Kerajinan dan 3 Industri Pakaian. Karena belum ada wadah potensi Home industry yang menjadi sarana berkembangnya pelaku usaha baru baik itu mikro ataupun makro. Perancangan Galeri ini bertempat di kelurahan Kopo dengan luas wilayah mencapai 28 Ha yang terdiri dari 12 RW dan 86 RT yang secara spasial berada di kawasan permukiman kumuh yang tersebar di Kelurahan Kopo sesuai dengan Kepwal Walikota Bandung tentang perumahan dan permukiman kumuh di Kota Bandung.Metode yang digunakan pada perencanaan dan perancangan galeri ini adalah pendekatan partisipatif. Pendekatan partisipatif di gunakan sebagai pendekatan yang lebih dekat dengan masyarakat agar memunculkan sense of belonging dari masyarakat kawasan kelurahan Kopo. Teknik pengambilan data yang dilakukan adalah melakukan wawancara dan observasi lapangan. Serta mengumpulkan data dari RPJMD dan BPS Kota Bandung. Tujuan perencanaan dan perancangan gedung Galeri yaitu mewujudkan wadah potensi dengan menggerakan komunitas ekonomi kreatif (ekraf) dan bersama-sama untuk membangun sarana dan pra-sarana sebagai penunjang ekonomi kreatif (ekraf) di Kelurahan KopoKata Kunci: Kampung Kota, galeri, ekonomi kreatif, home industri
PENGARUH BENTUK GUBAHAN MASSA DINAMIS TERHADAP ESTETIKA DAN KENYAMANAN SPASIAL PADA BANGUNAN HOTEL U JANEVALLA
Authors: Latifah Nur Laela
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Hotel is a commercial building and the success of its design has a very positive impact on increasing its selling value. Generally, hotel buildings in cities or city hotels are designed based on the form follow function theory so that the interior space is functioning optimally, but the shape of the square block buildings that occur tends to look monotonous. In order to make the visual appearance more attractive, through the strategy of transforming the mass composition of the hotel to be dynamic, there will be a consequence where the layout and furnishings of the existing interior may reduce the spatial comfort (space) for the user. Another thing that must be tested from a dynamic mass composition is its aesthetic value in terms of proportion and scale. As a research case study, Hotel U Janevalla was chosen in Jl. Aceh No. 65 Bandung. The analysis was carried out in a comparative way between case studies and theory, both in terms of qualitative and quantitative. The benefit value of this research is an insight into how the dynamic mass composition of hotels influences the aesthetic value and spatial comfort of users in the bedroom.Keywords: Hotel, Dynamic mass composition transformation, Aesthetics, Spatial comfort. Abstrak: Hotel adalah bangunan komersial dan keberhasilan desainnya berdampak sangat positif bagi peningkatan nilai jualnya. Umumnya bangunan hotel di kota atau city hotel dirancang berdasarkan teori form follow function agar ruang dalamnya berfungsi optimal, tetapi bentuk bangunan blok persegi yang terjadi cenderung terlihat monoton. Agar tampilan visualnya lebih menarik, melalui strategi transformasi gubahan massa hotel dibuat menjadi dinamis, maka timbul konsekuensi dimana dengan tata letak dan kelengkapan interior yang ada dapat terjadi kemungkinan berkurangnya kenyamanan spasial (ruang gerak) bagi pengguna. Hal lain yang harus diuji dari gubahan massa dinamis adalah nilai estetikanya ditinjau dari proporsi dan skala. Sebagai kasus studi penelitian, dipilih Hotel U Janevalla di Jl. Aceh No. 65 Bandung. Analisis dilakukan dengan cara komparatif antara kasus studi dengan teori, baik ditinjau dengan cara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif. Nilai manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah wawasan bagaimana pengaruh bentuk gubahan massa hotel yang dinamis terhadap nilai estetika dan kenyamanan spasial pengguna pada kamar tidur.Kata Kunci: Hotel, Transformasi gubahan massa dinamis, Estetika, Kenyamanan spasial.
Tiszaparti késeimargitvirág (Leucanthemella serotina) az Alsó-Dráva menti síkvidék magyarországi szakaszán
Authors: Kóczián Krisztián
Published: October 2021

A térségben 150 éve nem talált, védett kései margitvirág újabb állományai kerültek elő az Alsó-Dráva menti síkvidék magyarországi oldalán. A dolgozatban az élőhelyek lokális fajkompozíció­ját, a legmagasabb példányok méretét és az érett termések ezermagtömegét is meghatározzuk.
The Psychosocial Impact of the Romanian Government Measures on the Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Androniceanu Armenia , Marton Doina-Mihaela
Published: October 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic generated a global crisis involving most countries in the world. State governments worldwide were forced to take appropriate measures impacting different fields. The Romanian government and other local public authorities developed special measures to curb the spread of the SARS-COV-2 virus in Romania in general and in Bucharest, the country’s capital. The purpose of our research was to identify the social and psychological impact of the governmental measures on the citizens of Bucharest. The research was conducted between 28 November and 25 December 2020, but refers to the measures taken by the government and local authorities from the onset of the Covid-19 pandemicto date. The sample, representative for Bucharest, included 421 citizens living in Bucharest, aged between 19 and 40 years. The data were collected using an online questionnaire. Other methods used to analyse the results and verify the hypothesis included the multiple regression model and some applications in Excel. The results confirmed that governmental measures had a strong social and psychological impact on citizens, changing their social behaviour and causing psychological disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Our research results can help the Romanian authorities avoid problems among the population and adapt their measures to better meet the population’s psychosocial needs in time of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis, which is far from over.
S.М. Solovyov’s Conception of the “Struggle between the Forest and the Steppe”: “For” and “Against”
Authors: Volkov Y.K.
Published: October 2021

Based on works by representatives of the Marxist and the Eurasian direction, the article considers arguments “for” and “against” S. M. Solovyov’s conception of the “struggle between the forest and the steppe” as an important part of his historiological and philosophical-historical doctrine. This essay shows that the main arguments against Solovyov’s conception are connected to the interpretations of historical facts corresponding to the theoretical positions of the Marxist and Eurasian paradigms of history. They include: the thesis about the class character of the Russian state and of the state enslavement of the population; that of the subordination of the course of a nation’s history to the action of universal historical laws; that of the decisive role of geographical and ethnic factors; that of the mutual influence of the “forest” and the “steppe” on the formation of the Eurasian state. To determine the balance of arguments “for” and “against” the conception of the “struggle between the forest and the steppe,” the author proposes to use the model of a structural and hierarchical history, where there are stable and dynamic levels in space and time. The essay concludes that the geohistorical fact of the division of the East European plain into forest and steppe belts, which makes it possible to theoretically explain the premises behind the conception of the “struggle between the forest and the steppe, raises no objections from any of the critics of such a struggle. At the same time, historical facts concerning the understanding of the nature of social integrity, on the level at which the struggle took place, lead to fundamentally different theoretical interpretations. Even more discrepancies are found concerning the causes of the changes that determine the historical dynamics. As the real course of history shows, in a changing and interconnected world, such causes can actually become a global conflict of cultures.
“I Know that I don’t Know Anything”. Socio-Cognitive Antecedents of the Radicalization
Authors: Khukhlaev O.E. , Pavlova O.S.
Published: October 2021

Objective. Analysis of the relationship between loss of personal significance, intellectual humility, the need for cognitive closure, and support for radicalisation.
Background. Psychological studies of the process of radicalization make a significant contribution to the explanation of this negative socio-political phenomenon. One of the questions from these studies is how cognitive rigidity is related to ideological extremism.
Study design. The study examined the relationship between loss of personal significance, intellectual humility, and support for radical views mediated by the need for cognitive closure. The presence and nature of the relationship were checked using a path analysis performed in the AMOS 23 program.
Participants. 365 residents from Russia (78.5% women), age from 20 to 66 years (M=42.11; SD=11.62). The majority of the sample has a higher education (94.1%), the rest have secondary or specialized secondary education. 41.8% of the respondents identified themselves as Christians, 17.8% as Agnostics, 11.7% as atheists, 10.1% as Muslims, the rest-as other faiths or chose to skip this item of the questionnaire.
Measurements. Russian-language versions of the short scale of scales of the need for cognitive closure by D. Webber and A. Kruglansky; the scale of intellectual humility by M. Leary et al. and the scale of loss of personal significance. A questionnaire for assessing support for radical violence.
Results. The direct effect of loss of personal importance on the support of radical views is mediated by the need for cognitive closure. The reverse effect of intellectual humility on the support of radical views is mediated by the need for cognitive completeness.
Conclusions. The study demonstrates the significance of the “cognitive vulnerability” of supporting extremist ideology, which is extremely important for understanding the personal aspects of both radicalization and deradicalization.
Esquivando la corrupción: la remuneración del diputado y la cuestión de las incompatibilidades en España (1812-1933)
Authors: Casals Gemma Rubí , Casals Bergés Quintí
Published: October 2021

En el presente artículo, los autores trazan un estudio pionero sobre la remuneración de los parlamentarios españoles en la época contemporánea (1808-1933). Este trabajo de largo análisis permite recorrer la evolución de la legislación y analizar los debates principalmente centrados en la cuestión de las incompatibilidades. Partiendo de una situación inicial en que los diputados de las Cortes de Cádiz y el Trienio Liberal (1808-1823) cobraban unas dietas por representación, se pasó a la adopción del sistema político liberal censitario, que, exceptuando el Sexenio Democrático (1868-1874), duró hasta 1890, en que solo participaban los mayores contribuyentes y el cargo de diputado se consideró un honor que debía ser ejercido de forma gratuita. Esta concepción cambió con la llegada de la II República y la adopción de un sistema democrático universal, que garantizaba los derechos políticos de todos los ciudadanos y la necesaria retribución de los diputados.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 4/05/2020
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 17/07/2020
La presidencia de las asambleas de las dictaduras en la Europa del Sur
Authors: Urquijo Mikel
Published: October 2021

El objeto de este artículo es contribuir al debate sobre el sentido de las asambleas de las dictaduras del sur de Europa en el siglo XX a través del estudio de la presidencia de las mismas en España (1943-1977), Italia (1924-1943) y Portugal (1935-1974). Para ello vamos a examinar el procedimiento de nombramiento de los presidentes, clasificar las funciones que desempeñaba la presidencia y realizar un análisis prosopográfico de las personas que desempeñaron esta responsabilidad, comparándolas con la presidencia de los parlamentos democráticos que se crearon en estos mismos países tras el fin de las dictaduras.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 05/06/2020
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 9/09/2020
¿Marshall en Weimar? El “derecho de control judicial” en la Alemania de entreguerras
Authors: Riquelme Vázquez Pablo
Published: October 2021

En este trabajo se analiza la génesis de un control judicial difuso e incidental sobre la constitucionalidad de las leyes federales en la República de Weimar. A tal fin se ha dividido el artículo en tres partes. En la primera de ellas se delimita con precisión el objeto de estudio. En la segunda parte se expone, para empezar, el contexto jurídico y político en que se produjeron las primeras manifestaciones de la antedicha facultad jurisdiccional y se analiza, a continuación, la jurispridencia que allanó el terreno para la célebre sentencia de 4 de noviembre de 1925. Esta resolución, que supuso la consolidación definitiva del “derecho de control judicial”, puede ser interpretada como el resultado de una confluencia: la de cierta línea jurisprudencial marcada por una presencia cada vez mayor de consideraciones de índole constitucional con otra más preocupada por los desafíos para la propiedad privada derivados de la gran crisis inflacionaria. El trabajo concluye valorando el equilibrio constitucional logrado por las más alta instancia jurisdiccional alemana tras los titubeos argumentativos del periodo comprendido entre 1921 y 1924.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 03/07/2020
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 8/10/2020
La crisis del ideario republicano de derechos en los estatutos de autonomía
Authors: Álvarez Cora Enrique
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo estudia el concepto de los derechos individuales en el constitucionalismo español, destacando la evolución de los rasgos de su concepción original racionalista, así como el resultado de su contraste con la aparición de los derechos colectivos de carácter social o nacional, estatal o regional, para analizar por último en qué medida la configuración de las identidades históricas en los Estatutos de Autonomía puede absorber o limitar el respeto de los derechos individuales.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 26/10/2020
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 18/12/2020
Celebración pública, ritualidad política y ceremonial religioso: La publicación y el juramento de la Constitución de Cádiz en el suroeste peninsular en 1812
Authors: Saldaña Fernández José
Published: October 2021

La Constitución de 1812 requirió desde un principio del conocimiento y la adhesión pública del conjunto de la población, circunstancias que las autoridades de Cádiz trataron de conseguir mediante una puesta en escena de carácter protocolario y festivo: a la publicación en lugar público y lectura en voz alta y al juramento en la parroquia se añadían repiques de campana, iluminaciones y salvas de artillería. Pero la realidad resultó finalmente mucho más rica y compleja, sobrepasándose en no pocos casos el marco de celebración recogido en la normativa. Precisamente, este artículo analiza el desarrollo de la publicación y el juramento constitucional en diversos pueblos del suroeste peninsular y permite constatar la pluralidad de experiencias como resultado de la combinación de directrices generales establecidas desde fuera de la comunidad y de las lecturas e interpretaciones que se hacían desde dentro de la misma a partir de sus realidades y tradiciones propias.  
Enviado el (Submission Date): 07/12/2020
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 3/02/2021
Carta del Carnaro: rights of freedom and prospects for social justice in Fiume 1920
Authors: Tosoni Leonardo
Published: October 2021

In this article for the magazine "Historia constitutionale" it was intended to draw up a general picture of the most relevant legal aspects in the Carnaro Charter. One hundred years after its enactment, there are many current aspects that are worth exploring.  Starting from a brief reference to the historical events in which this constitution came to light, the article will focus in particular on the rights of freedom and articles concerning social rights, therefore aimed at guaranteeing social justice and solidarity.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 11/1/2021
 
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 13/03/2021
Rui Barbosa, Constituição e intervencionismo estatal na Primeira República brasileira
Authors: Covolan Fernanda Cristina , Marques do Rio Tayná da Silva
Published: October 2021

Esta pesquisa desejou analisar as narrativas político-jurídicas da primeira Constituição brasileira,  de 1891, dos discursos legislativos e da Emenda Constitucional de 1926 à luz do pensamento de Rui Barbosa. Viu-se que a Emenda Constitucional de 1926 concedeu um rol considerável de hipóteses de intervenção federal nos Estados. Rui Barbosa era favorável a uma reforma constitucional que regulasse a intervenção do governo federal, ainda que tenha sido um dos artífices da constituição. Rui Barbosa viu-se entre a memória agradável da Monarquia Parlamentar e a realidade abismal da República presidencial.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 11/02/2021
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 27/04/2021
Destellos del constitucionalismo para ambos hemisferios: las cátedras universitarias de Constitución durante el Trienio liberal en la América española continental (1820-1821)
Authors: Martín Blázquez Francisco Miguel
Published: October 2021

Con el regreso del sistema constitucional durante el Trienio liberal (1820-1823), sus partidarios recuperaron una serie de iniciativas orientadas al afianzamiento del nuevo régimen que ya se impulsaron desde su anterior periodo de vigencia. En este artículo repasaremos una de ellas, la referente a la implantación de cátedras de Constitución en los espacios de educación de la Monarquía española, centrándonos en las que se erigieron en las instituciones localizadas en el continente americano a lo largo de este periodo. Analizaremos, a través de los discursos inaugurales conservados, los planteamientos en que se basaron, los catedráticos escogidos para enseñarlas y otros elementos propios del contexto de la tesitura en que se desarrolló este episodio de la historia de las universidades del orbe hispánico.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 01/05/2021
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 6/05/2021
Una nueva síntesis interpretativa del Trienio Liberal en su bicentenario
Authors: Simal Juan Luis
Published: October 2021

Recensión de / Review of: Pedro Rújula y Manuel Chust, El Trienio liberal en la monarquía hispánica. Revolución e independencia (1820-1823), Los Libros de la Catarata, Madrid, 2020, 190 páginas.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 29/04/2021
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 5/05/2021
“El padre inmediato de los pueblos” La cuestión constitucional doceañista deviene municipal y federal. El caso de Zacatecas, 1808-1835
Authors: Chust Calero Manuel , Terán Mariana
Published: October 2021

El propósito del artículo es explicar la dinámica y participación política de los ayuntamientos en la provincia y entidad de Zacatecas durante los años de transición del orden monárquico hispano a la república federal mexicana. Desde la Constitución Política de la Monarquía Española (1812) se alentó el incremento de órganos de representación local con los ayuntamientos constitucionales, lo que implicó una transformación en las jerarquías territoriales en un proceso de creciente consolidación del poder local. El ayuntamiento fue reconocido como la institución cardinal de las poblaciones, el de mayor cercanía en la vida cotidiana. Se pretende explicar, desde el análisis de un caso en el marco de la perspectiva liberal, tres momentos en su historia en los que interactuaron las instituciones, las prácticas políticas, las legislaciones generales y secundarias, configurando una cultura política de la representación con elementos heredados del antiguo régimen e innovaciones que se permitieron gracias a la prolongación de la revolución liberal hispana en el federalismo mexicano.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 23/04/2021
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 3/05/2021
Philosophical Reflection of Law Branches (Report on S.A. Bochkarev's Thesis Review "Theoretical and Methodological Research of Criminal Law as a System of Scientific Study" Submitted to the Competition for the Degree of Doctor Habilitated in Law)
Authors: Shultz Vladimir L.
Published: October 2021

The review evaluates the dissertation research of S.A. Bochkarev "Theoretical and methodological research of criminal law as a system of scientific study", submitted to the competition for the degree of Doctor Habilitated in law. Taking into account the applicant's contribution to science, the review is positive.
Adolescent Socialization of Careers within Arts Administration for Students of African and/or Latin Descent
Authors:   , Blanchard Bolden Kandra , Yau Pamela , Vakharia Neville
Published: October 2021

This thesis addresses the lack of diversity within the arts administration professional pipeline by analyzing methods of adolescent Vocational Anticipatory Socialization utilized in the campaign for increased diversity within the STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) industries. Levels of opportunity, access, and exposure to the field of arts administration for students and current professionals of African and/or Latin descent were studied to understand how early exposure to the sector can increase the presence of Black and Brown professionals entering the arts workforce over time. This qualitative study was developed from the analysis of existing literature on diversity in the arts, diversity in STEM, and research on the ways in which individuals learn about and develop educational and career interests during adolescence. In addition to these sources, primary research was conducted to better understand the influences, interests and experiences of both students and arts administrators of African and/or Latin descent. Through a series of interviews and surveys, common themes of societal and familial messaging, perceived racial barriers and a lack of exposure and access proved to be significant factors for Black and Brown students pursuing a career in arts administration. Students that were exposed to experiences within the field of arts administration in high school were more likely to pursue a profession in the sector as well as more likely to support and advocate for the arts in adulthood. A case study was also conducted on the efficiency and impact of the Bloomberg Arts Internship, a high school arts administration internship program facilitated through the Greater Philadelphia Cultural Alliance that provides paid work experience to rising seniors. The findings of this study revealed that the exposure of first-hand work experience to high school students was imperative to their perception of professional success particularly in sectors of low visibility for communities of color. Additionally, the data collected highlighted the messaging received by Black and Brown students during adolescence from family, peers, educators and media that shape perceptions of reality that subsequently impact their professional pursuits.
How the TCT Network is Using Channel Sharing and Advances in Digital Broadcasting to Expand its Reach and Overcome the Challenge of Limited Broadcast Spectrum
Authors:   , Nolan Tom , McHugh Michelle , Cowart Helen Claire
Published: October 2021

This paper examines the changes in broadcast spectrum usage over the years and the effects it is having on the broadcast television industry. It is a case study of the TCT Television Network, a small independent religious broadcasting network. The recent 600 MhZ spectrum auction facilitated by the FCC reallocated spectrum from television stations to wireless phone companies. This move required repacking the television spectrum into a smaller amount of available bandwidth. Administrative and engineering professionals from the TCT Network, along with some administrative professionals from other television stations were interviewed to discover how they were adapting to these changes to continue their broadcast operations. Despite decreased access to broadcast spectrum for the television industry, technological advances and regulatory changes including subchannels, channel sharing, and the upcoming rollout of ATSC 3.0 all show potential to allow television broadcast operations to meet and exceed their previous operations using less broadcast spectrum.
Methods for the Preparation of Blood Serum Samples in the Assessment of the Pharmacokinetics of Protein Drugs by the Example of Viscumin
Authors: Yudina N.S. , Barashkova Ya.N. , Vladimirova O.V. , Myasnikov V.A.
Published: October 2021

A comparative evaluation of methods for preparing blood serum samples for determination of the lectin content of the mistletoe Viscum Album, viscumin, by high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with high-resolution mass-spectrometry detection has been carried out. Based on the results of the analysis of the lectin hydrolyzate, a specific peptide fragment with m/z 791.388 suitable for subsequent quantitative determination was selected. Isolation of viscumin from serum components was carried out without the use of specific antibodies. The study used methods employing various spin columns and the method of protein precipitation with 1% TCA (trichloroacetic acid) in IPA (isopropyl alcohol). Testing the methods of depletion of blood serum proteins was based on the determination of the degree of extraction of lectin from model serum samples. As a result of our research, we have developed a technique for the quantitative analysis of viscumin in blood serum by the most efficient method of sample preparation using the ProteoMiner spin columns. The technique allows to determine the protein concentration up to 5·10-4 mg/ml with the extraction degree (2.7 ± 0.6) %.
Expression and Isolation of N-Terminal Truncated Human Recombinant Renalase in Prokaryotic Cells
Authors: Fedchenko V.I. , Kaloshin A.A. , Kaloshina S.A. , Medvedev A.E.
Published: October 2021

Renalase (RNLS) is a flavoproteinin which its N-terminal peptide (residues 1-17) has several important functions. In cells, it participates in the formation of the so-called Rossmanfold (residues 2-35), needed for «accommodation» of the FAD cofactor and for performing the catalytic functions of RNLS as a FAD-dependent oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.3.5). RNLS secretion into the extracellular space is accompanied by cleavage of this peptide. The resultant truncated extracellular RNLS cannot bind FAD and therefore performs various noncatalytic functions. In this work, we have performed expression the genetic construct encoding RNLS lacking its N-terminal signal peptide (tRNLS) in E. coli Rosetta (DE3) cells. The recombinant protein was accumulated in inclusion bodies in an insoluble form, which could be solubilized in the presence of a high concentration of urea or guanidine chloride. In contrast to full-length RNLS, which was effectively solubilized in the presence of 8 M urea, tRNLS was preferentially solubilized in the presence of 6 M guanidine chloride.
DEFENSE DIPLOMACY: VIETNAM’S NEW APPROACH FOR NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Hoang Hai Ha , Nguyen Duy Thai
Published: October 2021

The paper examines how Vietnam’s defense diplomacy following a multidirectional and diversified approach works in order to maintain and increase national security and strategic interests since the beginning of the 21st century. In doing so, it aims to clarify conceptual and practical aspects of military diplomacy. In the area of national defense policy, Vietnam strives to ensure stability not only of bilateral relations but also of the strategic environment of the region for the national security and territorial integrity. Furthermore, Vietnam’s defense diplomacy aims to deal with the traditional security issue of sovereignty over the East Sea, thereby maintaining economic development and regime legitimacy. This paper concludes that Vietnam seeks to use defense diplomacy in order to preserve its strategic autonomy in facing security challenges caused by major international powers.
Functional and radiological outcome of surgical fixation of distal femur fractures by distal femoral locking plate in a tertiary care hospital in North India
Authors: Singh Simranpreet , Arif Mudasser , Gupta Anil
Published: October 2021

Background: the aim of the study was to the functional and radiological outcome of fracture of distal femur treated by open reduction and internal fixation with locking compression plate.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on patients admitted in orthopedic department in government medical college, Jammu with distal femur fracture AO 33A, AO 33B and AO 33C during the period of June 2019 to February 2021 treated with open reduction and internal fixation with distal femur locking compression plate with 4.5 system. All patients were followed up for an average of 6 months. Outcome was assessed by Neer’s score.Results: The 42 patients (18 female and 24 males), mean age was 45 years (18 to 62 years) 26 cases were high energy trauma and out of 26, 8 patients had type I compound wound as per Gustilo Anderson classification and remaining 16 patients had trivial trauma. Out of 42 fractures treated, 38 fractures showed radiological signs of union within 6 months, remaining 3 cases showed delayed union which united completely by end of 10 months. One patient required bone grafting, 3 patients got infected, 2 implant failure, mean range of motion of all patients were 110 degrees.Conclusions: Open reduction and internal fixation of distal femur fractures with locking compression plate provides the good angular stability, prevents varus collapse and is gratefully helpful in osteoporotic patients.
Study of carcinoma embryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels in patients of esophageal cancer
Authors: Ansari Fahad , Rai Arvind , Shukla Shikha
Published: October 2021

Background: The aim of the study was to analyze the role of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) as diagnostic and prognostic markers in patients of esophageal cancer. Various tumor markers are being investigated as non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools in patients of esophageal cancer.Methods: This was a prospective observational study in which we analyzed the levels of CEA and CA 19-9 in blood samples of 35 patients of esophageal cancer. All patients underwent esophagoscopy and computed tomographic (CT) scan to assess site and extent of tumor. Histological diagnosis was confirmed in all cases by endoscopy guided biopsy.Results: The sensitivity of CEA and CA 19-9 in detecting disease was found to be 34.3% and 28.6% respectively. The difference in CEA levels between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of esophagus was not found to be significant (p value=0.69). However, the difference in levels of CA 19-9 was found to be statistically significant (p value=0.02) between the two groups. The sensitivity and specificity of CEA to predict severity of disease was 66.7% and 70% respectively with positive and negative predictive value of 62.5% and 73.4 % respectively. In case of CA 19-9, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 26.7%, 55%, 30.8% and 50% respectively.Conclusions: CEA was found to be a more sensitive diagnostic marker than CA 19-9 and better at predicting prognosis. However sensitivity and specificity of both were relatively low. CA 19-9 levels were seen to be higher in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma versus adenocarcinoma.
Effect of delayed elective surgeries during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Siddiqui Mohammad S. , Alrumayh Shouq S. , Alothman Nada T. , Al Rheman Saad A. , Alsalman Ali H. , Alzbedi Hassan H. , Nafa Fatemh A. , Alotaibi Mutaib N. , Almadan Ali F. , Ahmed Rahaf S. , Siddiqui Moaz M.
Published: October 2021

The field of surgery has been greatly affected during the pandemic due to the shift of resources to manage the huge numbers of COVID-19 cases. In this study, we aim to review the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on elective surgeries and the subsequent complications, in addition to the previously announced preparations and precautions for performing surgeries whenever indicated. Preparations include the availability of resources and performing each surgery in separate rooms away from other wards within the hospital to prevent any possibility of nosocomial infections. Moreover, limiting the number of individuals within the operation room and wearing personal protective equipment should be done. Limiting hospital visits and reducing in-hospital stays is also recommended. Regarding cancer operations, malignant tumors that were indicated for surgeries cannot be postponed. However, other non-malignant ones can be delayed depending on the pathologist's perspective and the symptomatology of the tumor. Besides, other surgeries like plastic and reconstructive ones can be re-scheduled. Additionally, most surgeries like urologic, orthopedic, and neurological operations can be delayed unless they are associated with a life-threatening lesion that can only be healed by surgical interference. On the other hand, palliative surgeries aiming to manage obstructions of the gastrointestinal tract cannot be delayed.
Unsafe abortion: Combating the silent menace
Authors: Mishra Shilpa , Kumar Rath Sudhanshu
Published: October 2021

Medical abortion (MA) is the mechanism by which the administration of one or more drugs willingly interrupts a pregnancy. Around 46 million induced abortions occur annually worldwide. About half of these are unsafe abortions and they occur in developing countries. With the goal of decreasing the number of maternal deaths due to unsafe abortions, the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act of India (1971) was adopted to legalise abortions. Medical method involving ingestion of oral drugs is an accepted mode of MTP. However, self-administration of MTP pill carries number of risks. This study was carried out on women who presented with complaints following self-administration of abortion pills.

An observational study was carried out in 100 women who reported with complaints seeking medical help following consumption of abortion pills to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences and Pradyumna Bal Memorial Hospital (PBM), Bhubaneswar between September 2018 and June 2020.

Unmet need for spacing and unwanted pregnancy was the main reason behind self-administration of these pills. Most frequent presenting complaint was excessive bleeding per vaginum (78%). Twelve (12%) of the women presented with severe anemia and another 12% were diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy. Surgical intervention was needed in a majority (84%) of the cases.

These unsafe abortions mostly go unnoticed and come to the limelight only when women present with serious consequences. This study highlights the immediate need for regulation and prohibition of unrestricted access to these drugs by the public.
Role of spot urine albumin-creatinine ratio in predicting pre-eclampsia between 20-28 weeks of gestation
Authors: Mahajan Pallavi , Panda Jyochnamayee
Published: October 2021

Preeclampsia is best characterized as a condition unique to pregnancy that can affect almost any organ system. Appropriate treatment can be given and its effects can be closely monitored. The only widely recognized procedure remains the 24hour urine collection. However, the protracted time involved in sample collection to final reporting in this method, renders it impractical. The current research was therefore aimed at determining the accuracy of the spot urine ratio of albumin-creatinine in asymptomatic pregnant women. Appropriate treatment if started at early stage of the disease helps in closely monitoring of the disease process.

A hospital based prospective, observational study was conducted with 150 patients to establish whether a spot urine albumin-creatinine ratio measured between 20-28 weeks gestation could predict pre-eclampsia in asymptomatic pregnant woman in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences and PBM Hospital, Bhubaneswar between September 2018 and April 2020.

Of the study group, 28 patients had high ACR value, with 25(89.3%) developed pre-eclampsia and 3(2.4%) remained normotensive whereas among 122 (81.3%) patients that were ACR negative 3 (10.7%) patients developed pre-eclampsia. ACR had a sensitivity of 89.29%, specificity 97.54%, positive predictive value of 89.29% and the negative predictive value is 97.54%.

Our analysis showed that in pre-eclampsia patients, urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) values were higher and UACR >35.5 mg / mmol predicted pre-eclampsia well before clinical manifestations started. It is an easy, rapid and reasonably reliable method for predicting and assessing the severity of pre-eclampsia.
Thrombocytopenia during pregnancy and its outcome- A prospective study
Authors: Kaur Parneet , Sahiwal Hargun , Garg Rama , Kaur Mohanvir
Published: October 2021

Thrombocytopenia is the second most common haematological finding in pregnancy after anaemia. Thrombocytopenia is defined as decrease in platelet count < 1,50,000/µL. The physiological thrombocytopenia of pregnancy is mild and has no adverse effects on mother and foetus whereas thrombocytopenia associated with medical conditions can have serious maternal-foetal consequences and needs specific monitoring and appropriate management.

: The aims of the study were to evaluate causes of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy and to study clinical profile, maternal and perinatal outcome in thrombocytopenic antenatal patients after 28 weeks.

: Aprospective study was conducted in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and department of Pathology at Government Medical College and Rajendra Hospital, Patiala.100 antenatal females were included in the study with platelet count <1,50,000/µL and period of gestation more than 28 weeks. The subjects were investigated after detailed history and examination. Maternal and foetal outcomes were observed in all cases.

Out of 100 subjects with thrombocytopenia, 33% had gestational thrombocytopenia, which was the most common cause; followed by preeclampsia/eclampsia (24%). 18% subjects had severe thrombocytopenia. Complications were seen in the form of HELLP (6%), ICU admission (3%), PPH (3%), Puerperal sepsis (1%).

Maternal thrombocytopenia due to medical causes needs strict observation and timely intervention for favourable maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Prevalence of cervical abnormalities amongst HIV-positive women
Authors: Gheewala Amisha , Patel Suchita , Verma Ragini
Published: October 2021

To study the prevalence and variety of cervical squamous intra-epithelial lesions (SIL) by Pap smear screening as an indicator of suspected HPV infection among HIV-infected women in Surat, Gujarat, India.

All consecutive asymptomatic HIV seropositive women 18 years and older and attending the Anti-Retroviral Therapy Centre at New Civil Hospital, Surat, India between October 2009 to September 2011 were eligible for inclusion in the study. Participants constituted 439 asymptomatic HIV seropositive women receiving care at the ART centre underwent detailed history taking, physical examination and Pap smear screening.

The incidence of SIL was 8.7% (38/439) in the participants. Further, statistical significance (p value > 0.05) was observed in parity more than two, lost their husband, duration of marriage more than 10 years and CD4 count greater than 250.

An association between HIV infection with pre-invasive changes in the cervical epithelium is noted. Early detection and prompt treatment of these changes after a thorough understanding of the natural history of disease in these women would go a long way in improving the survival as well as the quality of life in this increasing seropositive younger population.