bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perception of Healthcare Workers about Barriers Impacting Organ Donation in Qatar: A Focus Group Study
Authors: Agarwal Tulika Mehta , Singh Rajvir , Al Thani Hassan Ali Saoud , Al Maslamani Yousuf , El-Menyar Ayman , Mekkodathil Ahammed Abdulla
Published: January 2018

Objectives: To understand perception of healthcare workers about factors acting as barriers to organ donation and transplantation process in Qatar.Subjects and Methods: A phenomenological approach with the help of focus group discussions was used to fulfill the objectives of the research. Participants were healthcare workers working as volunteers in organ donation campaigns or playing a crucial role in the process of organ donation or transplantation in Qatar. They were selected purposively to participate in the discussions. Open-ended questions were asked during the audio-recorded discussions. Transcripts were coded and assessed using NVivo software. Results were analyzed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior to explore intentions shaping an individual’s donation decision.Results: Lack of awareness and information about the process of organ donation were found to be the root cause barriers for both deceased and living organ donation in Qatar whereas; family, religious and community influences, and an incongruous attitude towards organ donation are the main factors influencing organ donation registration and family consent for deceased donation.Conclusion: Improving awareness and accurate information about organ donation could play significant in increasing deceased and living organ donation in Qatar. However, factors impacting family consent, which was found to be the most prominent reason for gap between availability and utilization of organs, need to be further researched.
Efficacy of Methotrexate in Combination with Antioxidant Vitamins (A, C & E) versus Methotrexate alone in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Rahman Mizanur , Lohani Kamrul Hasan , Nath Ratan Kumar , Hasan Mahtab Uddin , Paul Sujat , Rahman Mohammed Habibur , Faruk Golam , Uddin Mohammad Nezam , Biswas Rajat Sanker Roy , Karim Mohammed Rezaul
Published: January 2018

Background: There is evidence that oxidative stress plays an important role in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite the supporting evidence for a beneficial effect of antioxidants on clinical characteristics of RA, the right balance for optimal effectiveness of antioxidants is largely unknown. A study was designed to determine the potential beneficial effects of antioxidant intervention on clinical parameters of RA.Methods: Randomized clinical trial of 152 patients with positive rheumatoid factor (RF) and a Disease Activity Score (DAS 28) higher than 3.2 were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups (Group A and Group B) randomly and group A received methotrexate and antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E in a fixed dose) and group B methotrexate only. They were followed up for three visits (baseline, 10th week and 14th week). The intervention was stopped after 10 weeks and was followed by a ‘wash-out’ period of 4 weeks. At baseline, 10th week and 14th week patient’s condition were assessed by means of DAS-28 score. P- Value less than <0.05 was considered significant.Results: The numbers of swollen and tender joints were significantly reduced and general health was improved reflected by improved DAS-28 score at 10th week.The antioxidant effect was considered beneficial as compared to the scores of 1st visit at baseline; the DAS-28 score was significantly reduced at 2nd visit at 10th week. Increment of the DAS-28 score among the group A patients who were on antioxidant up to10 weeks, after the “wash-out period” of four weeks i.e. at 14th week confirmed a significant relation between changes in clinical condition and antioxidants.Conclusion: This study was designed to assess the potential beneficial effect of antioxidants (Vitamin A, C and E) in combination with methotrexate in the treatment of RA.
Stefnumiðuð stjórnun: Fimm greiningarlíkön
Authors: Steinþórsson Runólfur Smári
Published: January 2018

Stjórnun gerir kröfu um að náð sé utan um mikilvægar forsendur og frumsetningar. Þetta á sérstaklega við um stefnumiðaða stjórnun. Til viðbótar við undirstöðuatriði stjórnunar er með stefnunni búið að marka frekar og skerpa á þeim forsendum sem taka á mið af við þróun viðkomandi starfsemi. Þessar forsendur gefa starfseminni grunngildi, ákveða sýn á fyrirtækið, tilgang þess og framlag til umhverfisins. Hvað það á þátt í að gera og hvað það verður að búa við.
Fyrirtæki er umgjörð utan um kvika starfsemi og stöðugt þarf að takast á við breytingar hið ytra og hið innra. Með umgjörðinni er komið á böndum til að auðvelda meðferð og ráðstöfun þeirra auðlinda sem fyrirtækið nýtir til að ná tilgangi sínum. Árangurinn veltur á samstillingu milli þess sem fyrirtækið kann og getur og hver eftirspurn er í umhverfi þess. Stefnumiðuð stjórnun snýst á hverjum tíma um að ná sem mestum árangri í rekstri fyrirtækisins á grundvelli afstöðu um hvað fyrirtækið vill vera og vill verða.
Þessi grein varpar ljósi á atriði, þætti og víddir sem skipta máli við stefnumiðaða stjórnun fyrirtækja. Eftir yfirlit yfir fagið er kynnt fjórvítt greiningarlíkan sem gefur yfirsýn yfir þau atriði sem draga þarf fram í greiningu á starfsemi ef stjórna á stefnumiðað. Fyrir hverja af fjórum víddum stefnumiðaðrar stjórnunar er síðan gerð grein fyrir sérstöku greiningarlíkani.
Útgangspunkturinn er að stefnumiðuð stjórnun sé viðvarandi viðfangsefni hjá þeim fyrirtækjum sem ná árangri. Ætlunarverkið er að fræða lesandann um þau fjölmörgu atriði sem máli skipta við stefnumiðaða stjórnun.
Population Dynamics and Convergence in Fertility Rates
Authors: Herbertsson Tryggvi Þór , Orszag J. Michael , Orszag Peter R.
Published: January 2018

Empirical studies of per capita income convergence across countries have proliferated in the past decade. The purpose of this paper is to build upon that literature by examining demographic, rather than economic, convergence. In this paper, we examine whether fertility rates have been converging across countries. Our results indicate that fertility rates are indeed converging both absolutely and conditionally. Furthermore the dispersion of fertility rates also seems to be falling, indicating the presence of sigma convergence. A simple model is presented which suggests that this might be an artifact of transitional effects of later childbearing, rather than a slowdown of long‐run fertility rates.
Vægi þjónustuþátta
Authors: Guðlaugsson Þórhallur Örn
Published: January 2018

Viðfangsefni þessarar greinar er tvíþætt, annars vegar er fjallað um grundvallaratriði er tengjast þjónustugæðum og þjónustumati og hins vegar er skoðað með tölulegum gögnum með hvaða hætti má ákvarða vægi þjónustuþátta. Í fyrri hlutanum er þjónusta skilgreind og dregið fram hvaða atriði það eru sem aðgreina þjónustu frá áþreifanlegum vörum. Enn fremur er fjallað um þjónustumat og gæðamælingar og dregið fram hvað þekking á væntingum skiptir miklu máli þegar leggja á mat á gæði þjónustu. Í seinni hlutanum eru kynntar aðferðir við að leggja mat á mikilvægi þjónustuþátta. Byggt er á fjórum rannsóknum á ánægju viðskiptavina og kynntar tvær aðferðir við að ákvarða vægi þjónustuþátta.
Niðurstöður benda til þess að nauðsynlegt sé að nota báðar aðferðirnar þegar kemur að því að leggja mat á vægi þjónustuþátta. Þannig megi fá betri vísbendingar um þau atriði sem skipta máli og hvaða vægi þau eiga að fá.
Leverage Behaviour in the G‐7 Countries and the Influence of Stock Returns
Authors: Briem Ólafur
Published: January 2018

The study addresses the capital structure readjustment process by comparing some theoretical predictions with statistical evidence from international data. Orthodox theories based on debt‐ratio mean reversion are challenged by testing the hypothesis of debt‐ratio target irrelevance and the proposition that institutional factors influence leverage behaviour. The results provide evidence for the dependence of market value debt‐ratio on stock returns in all the G‐7 countries. Ample corporate issuing is not used to counteract the effects of stock returns on capital structure. Firm specific characteristics supported by orthodox theories are found most applicable to the US, UK and Japan. The book‐value debt ratio shows relative dependence on past values, although this is found to be less the case in the Anglo‐American countries than in continental Europe. These results indicate that corporate management is not interested in market‐based debt‐ratio targets, book values may be of greater concern.
Æviágrip Jónasar H. Haralz
Authors: Höfundur ótilgreindur
Published: January 2018

Jónas (Halldór) Haralz er sonur hjónanna Haralds Nielssonar prófessors við Háskóla Íslands (1868-1928) og Aðalbjargar Sigurðardóttur kennara (1887-1974). Hann fæddist 6. október 1919 í Vinaminni í Grjótaþorpinu í Reykjavík, en fluttist sex ára að aldri að Laugarnesi fyrir utan Reykjavík ... Jónas naut í fyrstu kennslu í heimahúsum og um tíma árið 1931 við alþýðuskólann á Eiðum ... Árið 1935 settist hann í fjórða bekk Menntaskólans í Reykjavík (stærðfræðideild) og lauk þaðan stúdentsprófi 1938. Sama ár fór hann til náms í Stokkhólmi og lagði fyrst stund á efnaverkfræði við Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan. Árið 1940 söðlaði hann um, las hagfræði, tölfræði, stjórnmálafræði og heimspeki við Stokkhólmsháskóla til ársins 1945 og lauk magistersprófi (pol.mag) í þessum greinum árið 1944.

Í stjórnmálafræði naut hann leiðsagnar Herberts Tingsten, sem síðar varð aðalritstjóri Dagens Nyheter, í tölfræði Stens Wahlund, hagstofustjóra Stokkhólmsborgar og síðar ríkisdagsmanns, og í heimspeki prófessoranna Einars Tegen og Konrads Marc‐Wogau.

Jónas var kjörinn heiðursdoktor (Dr. econ. honoris causa) við viðskipta‐ og hagfræðideild Háskóla Íslands árið 1988. Þá hefur hann verið sæmdur stórriddarakrossi íslensku fálkaorðunnar og norskum og sænskum heiðursmerkjum.
The Unbearable Lightness of A Useful Knowledge and Economic Growth
Authors: Eggertsson Þráinn
Published: January 2018

Economists usually sing with the same nose when they answer questions about the role of technology in economic growth. They generally agree that sustained long-term growth in productivity, which began in Western Europe some two centuries ago, could not have been maintained in an environment of stagnant production technologies. Whether we consult Karl Heinrich Marx, Joseph Alois Schumpeter or Robert Merton Solow, the answer is the same: new technologies are the source of long-term economic growth. Economists, as we know, usually argue that the production and utilization of new technologies depend critically on appropriate social institutions, such as competition, decentralized markets, secure property rights, enforceable contracts, and norms of trust and reciprocity. Yet virtually no one argues that long-term growth in output per worker is possible in an economy with stationary production techniques.
Mat á efra stigs staðgöngubjaga í verðbólgumælingum á Íslandi
Authors: Halldórsson Bjarni V. , Ottesen Oddgeir Á. , Stefánsdóttir Stefanía H.
Published: January 2018

Staðgöngubjagi stafar af því að neysluhegðun breytist frá þeim tíma sem líður frá því að vogir neyslukörfu eru metnar og fram að notkun hennar við verðbólgumælingu. Neyslukannanir sem liggja til grundvallar mati á vogum 2/3 hluta neyslukörfunnar eru að meðaltali 3¼ ára gamlar við mælingu verðbólgu. Stafar aldur þeirra að mestu leyti af sofnunar- og úrvinnslutíma gagna, en vogir neyslukörfunnar eru uppfærðar árlega. Í þessari rannsókn er bjagi metinn fyrir þann hluta neyslukörfunnar sem byggir á neyslukönnunum. Með sögulegum gögnum berum við saman verðbólgutölur Hagstofunnar við verðbólgutölur sem fást með notkun einfaldrar útfærslu af Marshall-Edgeworth-vísitölunni sem er að meðaltali samtímamæld. Okkar mat á staðgöngubjaga í verðbólgumælingum á Íslandi er 0,3% á ári (0,45% í 2/3 af neysluvísitölunni). Matið á bjaganum er hærra en fengist hefur í sambærilegum rannsóknum erlendis. Mat á verðbólgu með árlegri uppfærslu voga reyndist svipað og mat á verðbólgu með vogum sem uppfærðar voru á fimm ára fresti.
Euthanasia from The Perspective of Normative Law And its Application in Indonesia
Authors: Hermanto Agus
Published: January 2018

There are differences of opinion among scholars regarding the issue of euthanasia. But the element of goodness makes a consideration, that preventing a disease is an obligation that must be done by every individual. While the difference is more depressed on how to apply euthanasia, namely on how to end the suffering of patients. In Islam, scientific and divine healing is known, while in medical science, only rational healing and emergency-based healing are known. In principle, the intentional killing of a sick person precedes fate. God has set the deadline for human life. By speeding up his death, the patient did not benefit from the test given by Allah to him.
Problematização da proposta “Escola sem Partido” na perspectiva do letramento ideológico
Authors: Lima Jonas Pereira , Silva Wagner Rodrigues , Porto Junior Francisco Gilson Rebouças
Published: January 2018

Analisamos alguns impactos que a Escola sem Partido pode ocasionar ao trabalho pedagógico orientado pelo letramento ideológico. Analisamos documentos escritos publicados, artigos jornalísticos e entrevistas que versam sobre o propósito e atuação do movimento. A investigação toma como objeto de análise a proposta impositiva de que o professor deve ser neutro mediante discussões que envolvem política, ideologia e agremiação partidária, tendo como foco analítico o efeito dessa implicação ao letramento ideológico. A movimento investigado desautoriza a prática do letramento ideológico mediada pelo professor na escola.
MORPHOLOGY, PHASE AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF ZnS MICROSTRUCTURES GROWN BY THERMAL DEPOSITION AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE OF SUBSTRATES
Authors: Nguyen Van Nghia
Published: January 2018

In this paper, we present about influent of temperature at the possitions where we puted the silica substrates on morphology, phase and photoluminescence of ZnS microstructures by thermal evaporation of ZnS powder in Ar gas ambient at atmospheric pressure. From X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), the prepared microstructures have wurtzite (hexagonal) structures for ZnS phase and appear ZnO phase at lower temperature areas. The morphology of the microstructures change depending on substrate temperatures. The photoluminescence spectrum (PL) at room temperature shows that the shift from ultraviolet (UV) emission at high substrate temperature to strong blue emission at lower substrate temperature. The reasons of these peaks will be discussed in detail.
A SIMPLE PROOF FOR A THEOREM OF NAGEL AND SCHENZEL
Authors: HƯƠNG DƯƠNG THỊ
Published: January 2018

In this short note, we present a simple proof for a theorem of Nagel and Schen-zel.
Steatocystoma Multiplex: Case Report and Review of Treatment
Authors: Amin Mina , Hashim Peter
Published: January 2018

Steatocystoma multiplex, an uncommon autosomal dominant disorder, is characterized by numerous asymptomatic skin-colored cystic nodules. The leading hypothesis regarding the pathophysiology of this disease involves a defect at the pilosebaceous duct junction, which leads to cyst formation. Herein, we describe a case of a male patient that presented with steatocystoma multiplex. We examine the cosmetic outcomes of different techniques used in his treatment as well as review the varied therapeutic options available to such patients, including surgical removal, needle aspiration, cryotherapy, isotretinoin, and CO2 laser treatment.
Status Report on the Safety of Topical Dapsone Therapy for Dermatologic Disease
Authors: Jones Megan A , Winkelmann Richard R , Del Rosso James Q
Published: January 2018

Systemic dapsone therapy has historically been used to treat leprosy, inflammatory dermatoses, and severe cases of acne vulgaris. This article reviews the pharmacokinetics, short and long-term safety, drug-drug interactions, gender, and age effects of topical dapsone 5% and 7.5% gel formulations.  In 20 human studies and 7 case reports, 39 of 6,384 total patients (<1%) experienced adverse effects that were considered more than mild or resulted in discontinuation of topical dapsone. The literature supports topical dapsone 5% and 7.5% gels as safe and effective medications for the treatment of dermatologic disease.
Research Inquiry for Whom and for What Purpose?
Authors: Mogadime Dolana
Published: January 2018

Editorial for 26(2)
A Family Affair: Caring in Teaching and Implications for Teacher and Researcher Preparation
Authors: Bernauer James A. , Bernauer Mary Pat , Bernauer Patrick J.
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore how perceptions of remembered instances ofteacher caring in K-College impacted the motivation of a college student. Implicationsfor teacher preparation programs and educational research were then drawn from theseperceptions. The first part of the title “A Family Affair” stems from the fact that theauthors are members of the same family – Father, Mother, and Son. Both the father andmother had prior knowledge of some (not all) of the instances of caring and non-caringdescribed by their son and thus shared a privileged insider position that offered uniqueinsights while cooperative peer checking was used both during and after the interview tohelp promote the trustworthiness of findings. It was found that the degree of caringshown by teachers had a profound influence on the participant’s willingness to put fortheffort especially in those courses that were not his favorite subjects which suggests that astrong connection exists between caring and student motivation. An importantimplication of this study is that teachers and those responsible for teacher preparationprograms would benefit by being aware of the impact of caring on students’ engagementand attitude toward learning. If the ultimate purpose of educational research is tocontribute to effective teaching, then the “soft variable” of caring should be consideredan important component of researcher preparation. It is hoped that readers will find thisstudy to be transferable to the degree that it resonates with their own experience asteachers, students, and parents, and which we refer to as “experiential validity”.
“Deluded and Ruined”: Diana Bastian—Enslaved African Canadian Teenager and White Male Privilege
Authors: Cooper Afua
Published: January 2018

This essay explores the vulnerability of enslaved African Canadian Black women by examining the death of Diana Bastian, an enslaved Black teenager who in 1792 was raped by George More,a member of the Governing Council of Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. Though Bastian begged for assistance during the resultant pregnancy, More denied her such aid and cast her aside. Bastian further appealed to More’s brother, a local magistrate, who also denied Bastian any help, and Bastian died giving birth to the twins More sired. Bastian’s owner, Abraham Cuyler, appeared to have been absent from the province at the time of Bastian’s rape, pregnancy, and labour. Bastian’s brief and tragic history is told in her death certificate recorded at the St. George’s Anglican Church, Sydney. This very succinct document brings to light the story of racial and sexual abuse on the Canadian frontier, and helps us to understand the marginal status of Black women’s lives in colonial Canada. I suggest in this essay that when we place enslaved Black women at the centre of Canada’s historical and colonial past, we come to a new understanding of the power and privilege White men possessed, and the catastrophic impact it had on Black women’s bodies.
Teaching the Possible: Justice-Oriented Professional Development for Progressive Educators
Authors: Gambone Mollie A.
Published: January 2018

Providing justice-oriented professional development for progressive educators has historically been a site of tension. To address this, The Progressive Education Network (PEN), the leading professional organization of progressive educators in the United States, brought together over 800 educators for its 2015 National Conference, titled “Teaching the Possible: Access, Equity, and Activism!” This article documents PEN’s framework for facilitating an opportunity for educators to engage in dialogue about areas of social injustice throughout education and within their own schools. Findings derived from a discourse analysis of workshop abstracts published in the conference program suggest that the conference provided professional development in three areas: 1) workshops were designed by teachers to share useful methodologies relevant to the conference theme with other teachers; 2) workshops encouraged attendees to critically examine how problematic issues in education are commonly understood, then reframe them to consider the issues from different perspectives; 3) doing so gave rise to an understanding that in order to imagine innovative solutions to systemic problems, one must first be able understand how different groups of individuals experience the problems. This analysis establishes that by aligning the conference with a critical, justice-oriented theme, the workshops were designed to provide attendees with opportunities to investigate their own roles in producing, changing, and interpreting socially-just learning and teaching in their own school contexts. This is important because it advances the study of equitable access to progressive pedagogy, while at the same time utilizing Desimone’s (2009) framework for judging effective professional development for teachers.
Model of Teacher Moral Development
Authors: Moore Jeffrey , Neto Roque Do Carmo Amorim
Published: January 2018

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Experiência estética e Educação Matemática: reflexões sobre a formação docente
Authors: Lucas Gilmar Afonso de , Rosito Margarète May Berkenbrock
Published: January 2018

Este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar e compreender o sentido da experiência estética nos processos pedagógicos de ensinar, aprender e formar por meio da Educação Matemática. O estudo é uma abordagem qualitativa e a metodologia utilizada foi a narrativa de si, abordando a vida pessoal, acadêmica e profissional do pesquisador, em diferentes espaços e tempos de formação, visando análise da percepção, interpretação e compreensão dos fatos apresentados pelo pesquisador, sob o enfoque hermenêutico para sua análise à luz da Educação Estética. O estudo mostra que a experiência estética é um processo que considera as emoções e sentimentos como um saber epistêmico, promove uma reflexão, sobre as escolhas, sobre os saberes e sobre as experiências do sujeito, o que faz surgir a autoria, a biografia educativa, resultando em novos conhecimentos, quando tomam consciência de que há mudanças nas relações e no entendimento da diversidade e das transformações, em que possam (re)constituir suas identidades pessoais/profissionais e reinventar representações e práticas. Por fim, busca-se compreender a importância de experiências estéticas, para se refletir sobre os efeitos das mudanças na (re) constituição identitária e contribuir, assim, com a formação de professores
Penerapan Supevisi Akademik Model Kunjungan Kelas untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru dalam Proses Belajar Mengajar
Authors: Utami Ninik
Published: January 2018

Kinerja guru di SDN Sanankulon 03 Kec. Sanankulon Kab.Blitar masih kurang .Melalui metode akademik model kunjungan kelas dapat meningkatkan kinerja guru dalam proses belajar mengajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Siklus I keberhasilan guru daalam melaaksanakan proses belajar mengajar mencapai 75% atau ada 6 dari 8 guru yang sudah berhasil dalam melaksanakan proses belajar mengajar.Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pada sikus I secara klasikal ,guru belum berhasil hal ini disebabkan,karena guru yang memperoleh nilai = 70 hanya sebesar 75%. Pencapaian keberhasilan ini lebih kecil dari persentase ketuntasan yang dikehendaki yaitu sebesar 85%. Siklus II keberhasilan guru dalam melaksanakan proses belajar mengajar mencapai 100% . Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus II secara klasikal, guru sudah berhasil. terbukti guru yang memperoleh nilai = 70 sudah mencapai ketentuan standarisasi yang dikehendaki yaitu 85%
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning berbantuan Mind Mapping untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Termodinamika
Authors: Yadi Yadi
Published: January 2018

Dalam rangka meningkatkan prestasi belajar Fisika yang memuat Termodinamika pada Siswa Kelas XI IPA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Kalidawir Tulungagung, Peneliti melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan menerapkan pendekatan Problems Based Learning berbantuan dengan Metode Mind Mapping pada pembelajaran Fisika. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas XI IPA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Kalidawir Tulungagung yang berjumlah 35 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang dilakukan di Kelas XI IPA 2 pada waktu pembelajaran Fisika diperoleh hasil bahwa prestasi belajar siswa kurang memuaskan, yaitu dari 35 siswa hanya 14 siswa yang nilainya dapat mencapai KKM atau = 70, sedangkan 21 siswa lainnya masih belum dapat mencapai KKM atau = 69. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pendekatan Problems Based Learning berbantuan dengan Metode Mind Mapping dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa pada pembelajaran Fisika yang memuat Termodinamika.
What Is Psychophysiology? Where to go next?
Authors: Fatima Shad Kaneez
Published: January 2018

Psychophysiology is an area of science which helps us to differentiate between self-reported emotion and physiological expression of emotion. Many techniques such as EMG, EEG and MEG (Magnetoencephalograph) can be used for measuring muscular and electrical activities as well as event related potentials (ERP). EMG of facial muscles (e.g. corrugator, zygomatic, and levator labii superioris/alesque) patterning plus autonomic physiology (e.g. heart rate and skin conductance level) gives a basic picture of a person sense for certain situations. For example activity at a facial muscle, the levator labii was higher during disgust than during anger (Kuhl, 2008). Psychophysiology deals with the exploitation of psychological variables and their equivalent pragmatic effects on physiological processes. Thus, this discipline examines the interactions between physiological and psychological events. In general, psychophysiology studies the behavioral consequences of physiological properties of the body at a biochemical and anatomical level, and vice versa. In short this discipline examines the perception of emotion, behavioral states, stress, cognitive task performance, personality and intelligence. The initiation, execution, maintenance and termination of behavioral events can be determined by observing the relationships between psychological factors, stimulus perception and recognition, physiological response are used to better understand these perceptions.
Effect of exercise on cognition in healthy males. A Comparative Study
Authors: Fazal Amaila , Mirza Faizan
Published: January 2018

Cognition is an intellective action of understanding and gaining knowledge through speculation, acquaintance and practices that result in awareness, impression and perception. Cognition, Proprioception and balance all are aspects of ability of the brain to perform at high level at expense of endurance, speed and power. However, increasing age is linked with decrements in periodic memory. Thus, exercise positively impacts brain utility during middle age, particularly frontal lobe-mediated intellectual processes, like organization, programing, reticence and operational memory. The aim of the present study was to observe whether exercise improve cognitive skills or not. The study was conducted on 200 healthy male subjects equally divided in two groups: exercising males and non-exercising males. The subjects were asked to fill in a proforma consisting of visual test and a reading test, which aimed at comparative evaluation of the duration of short term memory between exercisers and non-exercisers. It was found that exercise impacts on frontal lobe to enhance intellectual processes and hippocampus memory processing.
Suicide; A Manic Engulfing Youth
Authors: Ahmed Sadaf , Noushad Shamoon , Sheikh Salman
Published: January 2018

Whoever attempts to commit suicide and does any act towards the commission of such offence shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which extends to one year or with fine or both”. (Major criminal Acts, PPC-1860 p; 209 Ed.2005). It is always disturbing to know that so many adolescents committing suicide in such quick succession, one can only wonder about the frolic snuffed so callously.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Is More Flyer in New Generation
Authors: Siddiqui Nimra , Knawal Syedd Anamta , Fatima Syeda Zarfshan , ghaffor Kainat
Published: January 2018

Obsessions are thought, images and impulses that occur repeatedly. Persons having obsessive compulsive disorder do not want to have these thoughts because these thoughts disturbing them. Ordinarily, individuals having obsessive compulsive disorder recognized that these thoughts are senseless. The common symptoms of OCD is avoid contamination such as washing hand excessively, cleaning household, etc. Now a days, the use of modern technology such as online video games, selfies and social media is increased. The over use of this technology can lead to obsessive compulsive disorder in young generations. In OCD there is Serotonin deficiency in synapse this low levels of serotonin can cause OCD symptoms. Antidepressants (SSRI’s) is used to treat OCD because it increased the serotonin level in synapse The drugs include: Clomipramine (Anafranil), Fluoxetine (Prozac), Fluvoxamine, Sertraline (Zoloft) and Paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva).The psychological treatment of OCD is very effective when it takes the form of cognitivebehavioral therapy (CBT) and lot of research is required for the same before it affects large population of the world and will be on the top of the list of Global Burden of Diseases.
Drawing room wedlock hunting – A complete disgrace
Authors: Altaf Kisa Fatima
Published: January 2018

“Women are tenacious, and all of them should be tenacious of respect; without esteem they cannot exist; esteem is the first demand that they make of love,” said Honore de Balzac. We live in a society striped by social and moral values, where one is demanded to follow Islam only in case where elders are satisfied. But when the time comes to make a choice, that Islam allows, our society pressurizes us to leave our rights described in Islam. To a degree that elders start to blackmail by constantly reminding of how many troubles they have gone through to bring us up, the renounce they have made in educating us, and in return ask for a fee for all they have done.
Stronger Connections: Family Stress, Violence and Mental Health
Authors: Pachani Nazish Hussain Ali
Published: January 2018

Traditional family dynamics, with modernity, have evolved disorganization in intra-familial relationship. Family support and affection plays an important role in securing attachment between family members which results in; physical, social, mental and emotional well-being. Alterations have attributed crucial exacerbation of mental illness in society. In Pakistan 89.2% of women with depression and 89.5% of women with Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reported physical and psychological violence in the family. To identify psychosocial risk factors in order to enhance victim’s quality of life. This case study was conducted in the period of October – December 2014 from various online databases such as PubMed, Cinahl, Medline and Google Scholar, and other relevant research articles ranging from 2009-2014. Family stress and violence is one of the key threats to individual mental health. Domestic violence often follows a cyclical pattern of abusive relationship which leads to mental illness. Encouraging relaxation exercises and strengthening social skill is significantly important to halt the deteriorating condition. Individual and group counselling session together with community based awareness platforms are the cornerstone options for the personalized and coordinated care. Public private partnership in short term and long term initiatives for empowerment would yield inspired individuals which in turn end up in inspired community. Genetic predisposition and stressful environmental conditions have a potential to deteriorate individuals mental health. Stress, violence, abuse, maltreatment is common in girls and in women who lives with foster families. Effective community participation is a way forward to weaken the connections between family stress, violence and mental illness from society.
El papel de las universidades saludables hoy
Authors: Pimentel Pérez BM , Busto Villarreal JM
Published: January 2018

La iniciativa internacional de la OMS por fomentar entornos saludables en los ambientes escolares ha fructificado en la generación de una red de universidades promotoras de salud, de la cual, la UAEH es parte. Dichas universidades apuestan por la formación integral del educando utilizando el ambiente universitario como factor protector frente a los múltiples factores de riesgo que se enfrentan los estudiantes día a día. En este trabajo se presenta un breve recorrido histórico de este proceso.
Psicoanálisis y duelo: Comprendiendo el dolor frente a la pérdida
Authors: Iglesias Hermenegildo A. , Barranco Bravo J. A
Published: January 2018

Por ser inherente a la experiencia humana, el tema del duelo ha dado espacio a reflexiones y análisis desde la psicología, la filosofía y otras ciencias afines. De manera particular, el Psicoanálisis ha permitido un conocimiento sobre el psiquismo humano, los aspectos inconscientes y los sentimientos que se ponen en juego cuando se enfrenta el dolor por la ausencia. Es así como la teoría psicoanalítica, desde Freud hasta las perspectivas actuales, ha brindado aportes teóricos que nos permiten comprender y analizar el proceso intrapsíquico por el que se atraviesa ante la ausencia de un objeto amado. El objetivo de este libro es presentar un punto de partida hacia la comprensión, desde la teoría psicoanalítica, a un tema actual como lo es la clínica de la depresión y el duelo, desde los aportes clásicos hasta los más contemporáneos.
Salud y medio ambiente: cáncer y determinantes ambientales
Authors: Pelallo-Martínez NA , Rocha-Amador DO , Gaspar RO
Published: January 2018

La inclusión de los determinantes ambientales en el estudio de los procesos salud-enfermedad ha tomado cada vez más importancia desde que Lalonde en 1974 incluyó estos factores en su modelo de salud pública. Cifras mundiales indican que el ambiente tiene una contribución de aproximadamente un 25% de la morbilidad mundial. En cuanto al cáncer, un importante porcentaje de casos han sido relacionados con exposiciones ocupacionales o ambientales. A este respecto la Organización Mundial de la Salud ha emitido recomendaciones con la finalidad de invertir en estudios enfocados a la investigación para la identificación de riesgos y prevención primaria.
Reingeniería en los servicios de Enfermería
Authors: Lazcano Ortiz M. , Sánchez Moreno C. , Jiménez Sánchez R-C , Hernández Tapia E. , Mejía Venado J. , Torres Sandoval O.
Published: January 2018

La Reingeniería en los Servicios de Enfermería representa una alternativa o forma de pensar para motivar o producir cambios radicales en las prácticas tradicionales, propiciando cambios en las actitudes y valores en el personal de salud. La Reingeniería la podemos entender como una metodología apropiada para rediseñar procesos, mejorar el servicio, mejorar la motivación y participación del personal, puntos que están considerados en la Teoría de los Sistemas de Kast y Rosenzweig. Existen subsistemas tales como: El subsistema de objetivos y valores se refiere a que la organización debe lograr los objetivos que se han fijado.El subsistema técnico se basa en la transformación de entradas de productos. El subsistema psicosocial observa el comportamiento y motivación así como las relaciones de función y posición. El subsistema de estructura se refiere a las formas en que las tareas de la organización están divididas y coordinadas. El subsistema administrativo incluye a toda la organización al relacionarla con su medio ambiente a través de las etapas del Proceso Administrativo. Se cuentan con ocho componentes que permiten a los directivos equilibrar los esfuerzos de las áreas en procura de la calidad de sus servicios para la satisfacción de los usuarios trabajadores y sociedad.
Caries radicular
Authors: Islas-Granillo H. , De la Vega-López JC.
Published: January 2018

La caries dental es una enfermedad en los tejidos calcificados de diente, se caracteriza por desmineralización de la parte inorgánica y destrucción de la sustancia orgánica, topográficamente puede clasificarse como Caries Coronal cuando se presenta en la Corona del diente y Radicular cuando afecta la raíz dental1. La caries radicular (CR) es una de las patologías bucales más frecuentes en adultos mayores, este padecimiento puede clasificarse como 1)Activo e 2)Inactivo2. Según reportes de estudios transversales la presencia de CR se asocia a multiples factores socioeconomicos, sociodemograficos, bucales y microbiológicos3,4 La CR puede medirse a través de diferentes métodos clínicos.5,6,7 La presencia de CR se asocia siempre a la Enfermedad Periodontal, para que se manifieste esta lesión debe existir necesariamente la presencia de una recesión gingival o de una bolsa periodontal. 8,9,10 El tratamiento de la CR se base en técnicas preventivas y/o restaurativas, el uso de antisépticos bucales, ozonoterapia y cepillado dental con floruros ha dado buenos resultados en lesiones incipientes.11,12 Las restauraciones con ionomero de vidrio pueden restaurar lesiones pequeñas y secundarias13 y los composites restauran lesiones mas grandes.
La herbolaria como tratamiento de apoyo para el control de la Diabetes MellitusTipo 2
Authors: Sánchez Padilla ML , Saucedo-García M. , Jiménez Sánchez RC
Published: January 2018

El papel del farmacéutico se desarrolló rápidamente para cubrir las necesidades de los sistemas sanitarios. La cuidadosa dispensación de medicamentos bajo prescripción y el consejo fundado sobre la automedicación responsable, permanecen como parte vitalmente importante del servicio prestado por los farmacéuticos, quienes reconocen que goza de la misma importancia aconsejar a otros profesionales de la salud sobre el uso seguro y racional de fármacos como aceptar la responsabilidad de garantizar que los medicamentos sean empleados con seguridad y eficacia por aquellos a quienes son dispensados, para alcanzar los máximos beneficios terapéuticos derivados del tratamiento. Esta actividad contribuye tanto al bienestar del individuo como a la mejora general de la salud pública.Estos desarrollos establecieron las actividades para la práctica de la farmacia, cuyos orígenes fueron plasmados en diferentes reuniones para definir el papel del farmacéutico en el equipo de salud, el cual ha sido analizado en diversas actividades de carácter global de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, destacándose entre ellas la reunión efectuada en Nueva Deli en diciembre de 1988, en seguimiento a ésta, la efectuada en Tokio, Japón, en setiembre de 1993 y posteriormente en Vancouver en 1997, cuyas conclusiones permitieron establecer los conocimientos, habilidades así como las responsabilidades del farmacéutico en relación con las necesidades asistenciales del paciente y de la comunidad.
El estrés oxidativo y las enfermedades crónico-degenerativas. Un papel para los antioxidantes, 2012
Authors: Bautista Ávila M.
Published: January 2018

En el libro titulado: El estrés oxidativo y las enfermedades crónico degenerativas. Un papel para los antioxidantes, tanto estudiantes como profesionales de la salud e incluso público en general, encontrarán una guía útil para un mejor entendimiento de los antioxidantes, desde su estructura y fuentes hasta su uso terapéutico en diversas enfermedades. Este libro ha sido escrito por investigadores de diversas áreas y profesiones, lo que le da una riqueza excepcional.
Importancia de los antibióticos y uso en enfermedades periodontales
Authors: Macías Ortega J. , Molina Trinidad EM , Flores Richards E.
Published: January 2018

El objetivo de realizar la terapia de antibióticos sistémicos en enfermedades periodontales se basa en la detección de microorganismos patógenos específicos iniciadores de la enfermedad periodontal destructiva, y dado que el antibiótico puede exceder las concentraciones necesarias para eliminar o inhibir la patología su uso es esencial. Por otra parte los antibióticos pueden ser prescritos en base a la necesidad clínica para un tratamiento específico en el paciente. De esta manera la terapia periodontal inicial debería incluir, un desbridamiento mecánico de raíz en combinación con cirugía, si fuera necesario. Así la enfermedad periodontal aparece progresando y la inflamación no se resuelve, por lo cual es indispensable realizar un examen microbiológico de la microbiota gingival, ya que, puede ayudar a determinar la presencia y la cantidad remanente de microorganismos patógenos periodontales. Este documento va dirigido a los docentes y a los estudiantes, ya que en la práctica clínica y docente es muy importante informar lo relativo a estos conceptos que forman parte de la formación de los estudiantes en su práctica clínica y para el docente sirve como apoyo en la actualización de estos conocimientos para poder dar un mejor tratamiento al paciente. Finalmente dado que en la práctica clínica el uso de antibióticos es necesario, es nuestro deber como docentes conocer los principios básicos del uso responsable de los antibióticos en las enfermedades periodontales.
Biodisponibilidad de ácido acetil salicílico in vitro
Authors: Molina Trinidad EM , Naranjo Hernández OF , Mateo González JC , Álvarez Medina SL , González Zepeda CA , Lira Garnica VJ , Reyes Cerón , Aguilar Hernández A.
Published: January 2018

Se realizó un estudio de biodisponibilidad in vitro de tres formulaciones de ácido acetilsalicílico, se utilizaron presentaciones farmacéuticas en forma de tabletas producidas por tres laboratorios diferentes (genérico, similar y de patente). Se realizó una simulación farmacocinética monitoreando el fármaco durante 100 minutos, midiéndose los niveles de ácido salicílico simulados en muestras de plasma y de orina por, espectrofotometría a una longitud de onda de 230 nm. Se determinó la cantidad de ácido salicílico total excretado en muestras simuladas de orina (E∞), la cantidad acumulada de la dosis del fármaco recuperada a los 100 minutos (%R100), las constantes cinéticas de absorción (ka) y de eliminación (ke), el ABC0∞, Tmáx, Cpmáx y la Biodisponibilidad. Todos estos datos se compararon con los valores obtenidos en las tres formulaciones presentadas de los parámetros obtenidos experimentalmente. Se analizó estadísticamente cada parámetro mediante el método de ANOVA y se compararon los datos por el método de comparación múltiple de la Mínima Diferencia Significativa (LSD) para un nivel de significación de p < 0.05, hallándose diferencias significativas entre las diferentes formas farmacéuticas, concluyéndose que si son biodisponibles.
Lágrimas en el cielo
Authors: Islas Pérez M. , Hernández Castillo A. , Soto Arista A. , Sandoval Zamorano C. , Espinoza Espinoza C.
Published: January 2018

Este ensayo muestra un breve análisis del duelo vivido por el músico Eric Clapton; trabajo basado en su autobiografía, en donde Clapton describe todo su proceso. La experiencia de Clapton se analiza con el modelo propuesto por la Dra. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross “Las 5 etapas de duelo”.
Reseña de artículo: La corresponsabilidad en salud pública
Authors: Balderrama Díaz R. , Arroyo Ramírez M.
Published: January 2018

El artículo titulado “La corresponsabilidad en salud pública” hace hincapié en la trascendencia de acuñar este nuevo concepto a partir de la construcción teórica fundamentada desde las necesidades a nivel comunitarias y la dispersión existente entre gobierno y comunidad. Este término y definición de corresponsabilidad en salud pública es muy reciente, pues algunas comunidades son impactadas por programas paternalistas que condicionan la participación de la comunidad con un incentivo, impidiendo el desarrollo humano y de las capacidades individuales y comunitarias, por lo que es importante resaltar que la corresponsabilidad en salud pública: Es un compromiso por parte de gobierno y de la población ciudadana para lograr una completa eficiencia y eficacia de los programas de intervención comunitaria y que incide conceptualmente en la estimulación de políticas públicas en salud.
Theoretical issues related to the impact of research and development expenditures on the growth of the firm
Authors: Pavlova Darina Marinova
Published: January 2018

The substitution of capital for knowledge as the main source of progress is the basis for the development of a "knowledge-based economy". Research and development (R & D) is one of the means by which the availability of new knowledge can be increased in an organized manner. The paper, therefore, enquires into such issues as the impact of research and development (R&D) expenditures on the firm’s growth. Brought into focus is the fact that the level of innovation adoption of other firms is not completely an exogenous variable but is directly related to the R&D expenditures incurred by the firm itself. Accordingly, the assumption that the level of innovation adoption is to some extent an endogenous process is brought to the fore.
Innovative and intelligent solutions for recycling of household waste in Bulgaria
Authors: Dimitrova Krasimira Atanasova
Published: January 2018

Waste from industrial and other human activities, as well as household waste is a major source of environmental pollution. If it is controlled and managed in a adequate and intelligent way, the waste can be a valuable source of raw materials, especially considering that many of them are becoming more and more scarce. Many countries still manage their waste by landfills, although they are not sustainable in the long run. Landfill sites are potential pollutants of soil, water and air. The uncontrolled waste disposal can cause the release of chemicals that pose a danger to the human life and health. Among other things, the valuable materials in waste are lost. It is impossible to stop waste generation and the only alternative is their reuse through recycling and innovative utilization. Good waste management can greatly contribute to economic growth and work places creation. It saves valuable resources, helps to avoid expensive cleaning activities, as well as to prevent health and environmental problems. This study aims to analyze the situation of waste treatment in Bulgaria and to search for innovative intelligent solutions, based on international experience and best practices..
INTEPOLATOR DALAM PEMBUATAN KONTUR PETA BATIMETRI
Authors: Siregar Vincentius P. , Selamat Muhammad Banda , Selamat Muhammad Banda
Published: January 2018

Suatu model batimetri digital dapat dibangun melalui interpolasi sejumlah besar titik kedalaman hasil pemeruman. Studi ini menggunakan dua skenario pengolahan yaitu menggunakan keseluruhan data perum dan menggunakan data perum terpilih. Pada setiap skenario pengolahan data, ada tiga metode interpolasi yang dibandingkan yaitu metode inverse distance to power, kriging dan minimum curvature.Nilai RMSE yang didapatkan dari masing-masing interpolator pada setiap skenario tersebut ternyata cukup bervariasi. Secara umum metode Kriging lebih efektif digunakan untuk menghasilkan gambar kontur kedalaman perairan dibandingkan dengan metode lainnya. Hasil studi ini memperlihatkan perlunya penanganan data agar pola suatu unsur spasial (kontur kedalaman) dapat ditampilkan secara lebih baik.Kata Kunci: interpolasi, kriging, inverse distance to power, minimum curvature,batimetri