bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of the US Democratic Party in the 1830s-1840s
Authors: Taigildin A. V.
Published: March 2023

The article focuses on the history of the Democratic Party during the bipartisan Democrat-Whig system. It shows how the nationwide issues of tariffs, slavery and expansion inﬂuenced the formation of sectional factions. Having progressed from a small-scale factional struggle, by the end of the period under review the party consisted of two major factions divided geographically by North-South. Particular attention is paid to the “Young America” movement, which originated with young and ambitious politicians who promoted infrastructure development and the idea of expanding borders. This idea came to be known as the "idea of predestination". Although the movement died out in the 1840s, the Predestination idea became the ideological basis for the invasion of Texas, California and other Mexican territories, as well as for the justifcation of the spread of slavery. The article examines how the controversy over the extension of slavery to the newly acquired territories caused a division of political forces in the country. "The Wilmot Proviso", which prohibited slavery in these territories, provoked protests from southern politicians, who not only began voting against the amendment in a single section, but began preparations for a convention that would decide the Southern states' secession from the United States.
Calibrated behaviors assessment in spinal cord compression injury model in rats
Authors: Khan Farooq , Baseer Najma , Habib Hamid , Ullah Noman , Khalid Salma , Mumtaz Saima
Published: March 2023

Spinal cord injuries (SCI) are often associated with dire consequences resulting in the serious pathological conditions in SCI patients. These consequences have resulted in an increased interest of basic science researchers and healthcare professionals to investigate effective treatment of SCI. Among these initiatives, animal experimentation models emerged as a successful tool to study the SCI in detail. We created a standardized spinal cord compression injury model for this research and tested its effectiveness in examining the behaviors of rodents with SCI. We used 24 mature Sprague Dawley rats, weighing between 250 and 320g. Two sets, A and B, of rats were created. Under general anesthesia, Rat from group A underwent laminectomy and only had the T6–T8 vertebrae of their spinal arch removed. in contrast to the rats in group B underwent laminectomy as well as compression injuries using an aneurysm clip of 70 gm for 60 seconds. All the rats were observed at day 7, 14 and 28 following the experimentation. Using standardised techniques, the sensory-motor abilities were evaluated.
Geologic and Geochemical Features of the World-Class Archean Windfall Intrusion-Related Au Deposit, Abitibi Subprovince, Canada
Authors: Choquette Brandon , Kontak Daniel J.
Published: March 2023

The Neoarchean Windfall gold deposit, hosted in the Urban-Barry greenstone belt of the Abitibi subprovince (Quebec, Canada), represents an emerging and significant Au deposit with a resource of 7.4 Moz of Au. It is hosted in 2717 Ma bimodal volcanic rocks that are cut by several generations of calc-alkaline quartz-feldspar porphyry dikes separated into (1) a 2697.6 ± 2.6 Ma group spatially related to Au mineralization and (2) a 2697.6 ± 0.4 Ma group that truncates the earlier dikes and the Au mineralization. The Au zones are structurally controlled and localized to faults and fractures proximal to the contacts of the early quartz-feldspar porphyry dikes; these zones form thin, subvertical, and elongate lenses plunging 35° east-northeast. Gold mineralization, present as both free gold and inclusions in pyrite, occurs (1) in gray quartz veins and stockworks with pyrite and subordinate carbonate and tourmaline and (2) in pervasive to patchy sericite-silica-pyrite-carbonate ± tourmaline ± fuchsite alteration zones. The Au mineralization and associated hydrothermal alteration, along with all the host rocks that include postmineralization intrusions, are overprinted by D2 deformational features that include a penetrative fabric, shear zones, and associated folds. The spatial and temporal association of the quartz-feldspar porphyry intrusions with the Au mineralizing event at the Windfall gold deposit, along with its elemental association (Ag, As, Sb, S, Se, Bi, Te, ± Zn, Cu, Pb, Mo, W), suggests an intrusion-related model and contrasts with the more abundant orogenic gold deposits in the Abitibi greenstone belt. This interpretation has important implications both locally and regionally for Au exploration in Archean greenstone terranes.
Possibility of Efficient Utilization of Wood Waste as a Renewable Energy Resource in Ghana
Authors:   Department of Environmental Science, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, Takase Mohammed , Kipkoech Rogers ,   Department of Environmental Science, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, Kibet Joy ,   Department of Spatial and Environmental Planning, School of Architecture and the Built Environment, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya, Mugah Faith ,   Department of Spatial and Environmental Planning, School of Architecture and the Built Environment, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
Published: March 2023

Objective: Ghana has an abundance of energy resources, including biomass, hydrocarbons, hydropower, solar, and wind. The purpose of this work is to explain the importance of using, woody biomass in particular as a renewable source of energy. To improve the utilization of all types of woody biomass, particularly those that are currently considered waste, this paper provides an analysis and overview of the possibilities for using wood waste as a renewable energy, as well as the challenges that producers in Ghana face due to underdeveloped markets and a large amount of capital required to begin production of briquettes and pellets. Methods: The research strategy is based on the use of secondary data obtained from the internet, as well as analytic and synthetic methods in the preparation of the paper. As a data source, the literature on the production and use of biomass was used. The "Journal of Renewable Energy Review" and other expert literature were used to determine the energy potential of woody biomass residues in Ghana. Results: More than 3.5 million m3 of wood is cut annually in Ghana to meet the energy demand. Wood biomass has traditionally been used for energy but the way it is used is outdated, and its efficiency is extremely low. Additionally, the current situation on wood biomass, management of waste in saw mills and, the need for future development of the industrial development is also briefly described. It is of great necessity to fulfill what is outlined in the Convention on Climate Change to transition to a more modern method of producing and using woody biomass. Conclusion: Biomass has the potential of replacing 25% of the total energy production. Woody biomass process at sawmills generates more than 20% of residues in form of briquettes and pellets, most of which are not exploited. Creation and utilizations wood waste is limited due to lack of technologies, markets, pollution of environment with primary and secondary waste, etc.
Ensino de solos na escola: conscientização da importância desse recurso natural
Authors: Freitas Daniela Aparecida
Published: March 2023

O ensino de solos visa conscientizar as pessoas da importância desse recurso natural. Busca-se criar, desenvolver e consolidar a sensibilização de todos em relação ao solo, promovendo o interesse para sua conservação, uso e ocupação sustentável. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo ensinar a temática de solos em duas escolas na cidade de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, através de práticas pedagógicas em parceria com o Instituto de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. O projeto foi executado em 2016 na Escola Municipal Ruy Lage e na Escola Estadual Professor Hamilton Lopes, através de diversas oficinas. Percebeu-se grande interesse e conhecimento dos alunos, o que os tornaram capazes de correlacionar as atividades das oficinas com o cotidiano. Desta forma deseja-se que projetos como este se expanda e seja uma ferramenta de auxílio para a popularização da temática solos entre alunos e professores.
Computer statistical and big data analysis on the comparisons between traditional engine, electromotor, and hybrid systems
Authors: Dai Zijie , Ye Jiacheng
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to discuss and differentiate conventional engines such as gasoline and diesel driven engines versus electric motor and hybrid engines. In the modern-day, various concepts are introduced to produce and invent automobiles that will lessen the impact on the environment and implement sustainability. To understand their differences, this paper will tackle all the basic components of each engine concerning their working principle, efficiency, capacity, and the characteristics of power and torque. The entire project is based on comparison to determine the benefits of various engines. Through various research and investigations, it can be found that electric motors have more advantages than internal combustion engines, such as higher than 90% efficiency, zero environmental pollution or small pollution, more powerful power, lower use and maintenance costs. However, while electric vehicles are full of advantages, disadvantages cannot be ignored. The mileage is limited, and there are fewer charging stations and fewer models to choose from on the market. Because of various advantages and disadvantages, diesel locomotives and electric vehicles will coexist in a short time, but in the future electric vehicles will dominate and lead a more efficient life.
Towards Highly Efficient Lithium-Ion Batteries: Focusing on Electrolytes
Authors: Li Jie
Published: March 2023

Lithium-ion is various advantages and is required by batteries such as high power, so lithium-ion plays a crucial role in lithium-ion batteries. The electrolyte is one of the core materials of lithium secondary battery and primary battery capacity, improves the mobility between the mobile anode and cathode, and plays the role of medium material. The lithium-ion battery's electrolyte, a crucial component, transports ion conduction current between the positive and negative electrodes. Choosing the right electrolyte is also essential for achieving high energy and power densities, long cycle lives, and good safety performance of the lithium-ion secondary battery. First, understand the lithium-ion battery charge and discharge of the working principle of the chemical equation, and the lithium-ion battery is split into four key components, respectively: positive and negative electrode, diaphragm, and electrolyte, then the electrolyte analysis, the electrolyte is composed of organic solution, conductive salt, and additives. Finally, a new type of sulfate additive, ethyl sulfate, is found and studied at the electrolyte level by literature search. By using the constant current charge-discharge test, cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, energy scattering spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, researchers are examining the effects of additive ethyl sulfate (DTD) on the performance of lithium-ion batteries and the interfacial performance of graphitized carbon microspheres (MCMB) electrode/electrolyte (EIS).
The Potential Superconducting Materials in MRI Scanner—Comparison between NbTi and MgB2
Authors: Zhang Rongli
Published: March 2023

Although the technology used in commercial MRI scanners is in a very mature state, there are still many reasons for researchers to keep exploring how it can be optimized, such as the pursuit of higher image quality and greater patient comfort while keeping costs low. Changing the material of the superconducting magnets in MRI scanners is one of these ways. Currently, NbTi is the most commonly used superconducting magnet in MRI scanners, while in situ MgB2 is one of the hottest candidates for MRI superconductors. This paper presents the advantages of NbTi being able to be realistically installed in MRI scanners for many years and also analyzes the match of in situ MgB2 to various requirements of superconducting magnets in MRI scanners. The comparison shows that it is still NbTi that is more advantageous in recent years to come. MgB2, on the other hand, does almost match the requirements of commercial MRI scanners, if cost is not considered. However, this does not mean that MgB2 can be installed in commercial MRI scanners, and a lot of technical modifications and developments are still needed to adapt MgB2 to commercial MRI scanners before that.
Mindfulness-Based Therapy in Patients with Breast Cancer with Depression and Anxiety: A Literature Review
Authors: Shi Runjue
Published: March 2023

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Breast surgery and follow-up treatment for breast cancer patients are accompanied by side effects, which have a negative impact on both the mental health and quality of life of breast cancer survivors. At present, mindfulness is regarded as an effective way to improve psychological problems. Mindfulness based interventions are common means to improve the depression, anxiety of breast cancer patients. This paper reviews the mindfulness based interventions related to breast cancer, and studies the impact of MBSR, MBCT and MBAT in MBI on breast cancer patients. The results showed that MBI had a positive effect on depression, anxiety in breast cancer patients. This review found that the intervention time and the participation of breast cancer patients played an important role in the intervention effect.
A Model for Measuring the Effect of Asteroid Mining on Global Equity
Authors: Wu Xudong
Published: March 2023

If space exploration has been realized in the future, mankind no longer needs to worry about safety and cost. However, how to obtain resources peacefully and fairly is a problem that mankind needs to think about. To solve this problem, this paper constructs a measurement model of global equity. Then, by identifying the unknown conditions, imagine and show the possible vision of the future of asteroid mining. The impact of asteroid mining on global equity is analyzed by using the global equity model.
Neural Style Transfer with Content Feature Segmentation
Authors: Fang Xiaotian
Published: March 2023

In our work we propose a new model by segmenting content features (i.e., segregating the feature map into several parts) of the content image in style transfer. We demonstrate that our novel way for style transfer with segmentation ties together the style of both global effect and local appearance that are used in majority of parametric and non-parametric techniques respectively. Our new model can successfully figure out the difficult problems with the current transfer techniques. For one thing, the new model in our research is able to avoid the distortion of local style maps, at the same time it also allows transfer in the level of semanteme compared to parametric means. For another thing, in contrast to other nonparametric approaches, it keeps the style image's overall appearance consistent and avoids washing-out images. We also present a feature optimization strategy based on this. Our trials have proven that our approach is suitable to a wide range of style genes and simultaneously yields higher-quality results over earlier papers.
Mobile Phone Price Prediction with Feature Reduction
Authors: Chen Menghan
Published: March 2023

Feature reduction can reduce data dimensionality and streamline model size, which focuses on the high relevance data and inferences the output faster. This paper aims to explore the performance and effectiveness of feature reduction methods that accompany the Multilayer Perceptron classifier in predicting the mobile phone price range. Pearson’s Correlation and Principal Components Analysis are chosen as the feature reduction techniques in the research. The experiment sorts the features in significant order with two distinct methods. The three experimental groups reduce 5 features each time and the control group has no feature selection. Then all the groups use the open dataset to train and test the accuracy and loss through MLP. The result indicates that the feature selected by the correlation coefficient facilitates the accuracy of the classification model. When PCA is implemented and only a few features get reduced, the performance improves a little bit, but when more features are eliminated there are huge negative influences. Pearson’s correlation has a better performance than PCA in this experiment, which achieves 95.8% accuracy and validate the effectiveness of the feature reduction method.
Research on Jewelry and Jade Precious Metal Inspection System Under Computer Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Shi Li , Chi Hui , Wang Wei , Yu Yong
Published: March 2023

This paper analyzes the gold and silver jewelry inspection work management control system based on computer virtual reality technology. This article introduces the overall design of the system, process control, etc. The focus is on summarizing the changes in the existing work after the application of the management software, and making a detailed analysis of its function and the impact on the informatization of the quality inspection system. Then, a systematic study was conducted on the application of X fluorescence spectrometer in the detection of jewelry and jade. Finally, this paper uses a number of technologies in computer science such as database, pattern recognition, and information coding to realize computer-aided identification and related information query in appraisal practice.
Ancient glass classification based on random forest algorithm and decision tree model
Authors: Wang Zikai , Lu Yun , Li Tianze
Published: March 2023

The texture change of ancient glass depends on its chemical composition and preservation environment, and it is highly susceptible to weathering by the burial environment. In this paper, a classification model based on random forest algorithm is established to solve the problem of analyzing the classification laws of high potassium glass and lead-barium glass; a decision tree model based on decision tree is established to solve the problem of subclass differentiation of glass categories and analyzing their rationality and sensitivity. The reasonableness of the model and the accuracy of the data are tested by the plain Bayesian algorithm.
CAR-T cell therapy in part of the B cell hematological malignancies
Authors: Gao Zhu
Published: March 2023

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy, more often known as CAR-T cell treatment, has emerged as one of the most promising immunotherapies in nowadays. This treatment uses the patient's own immune cells in an effort to eradicate cancerous cells. Since it was discovered, people have begun to create as many possibilities as they can for CAR-T cells from various perspectives, such as the treatment of specific diseases or a wide range of targets. The first CAR-T cell treatment, CD19-targeting, is still the most widely utilized kind of CAR-T cell therapy that is commercially available, and it continues to play an essential role. Since multi-targeting CAR-T cells are able to focus on a variety of targets at the same time, they are able to effectively block immunological escape by tumor cells. However, this also raises the likelihood that a cytokine storm may occur. The effectiveness of treating non-lymphoma, Hodgkin's and multiple myeloma with BCMA targeting CAR-T cells has been proven by massive clinical trials. The goal of this review is to summarize and analyze the research that has already been done on the typical CAR-T cell treatment and some of the B cell hematological malignancies that they are effective against in most cases.
The Relationship Between the Causes of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Shi Ruoqi
Published: March 2023

To effectively prevent and improve cardiovascular disease. R and python were used to explore the relationship between various indicators of cardiovascular disease, to predict cardiovascular disease and to analyze netizens' focus on cardiovascular disease. The study found that smoking, drinking, higher age, higher cholesterol, higher blood glucose, and heavier men are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease. Men should pay more attention to cardiovascular disease. With the growth of age, both men and women should control their weight, smoke and drink less, eat healthily, work and rest, and control their cholesterol and blood glucose indicators in an appropriate range.
Ethical Challenges Posed by Neurotechnology in Treating Disability
Authors: Huang Zihao
Published: March 2023

As the applications of neurotechnology like DBS are increasingly accepted by the public, many people are concerned about the risk of such treatment. This paper is focused on the potential ethical issues posed by the treatment of neurotechnology. Two ethical issues, informed consent, and patient selection would be expressed in detail by analyzing case studies and other related papers. In many cases related to children, parents and doctors did not make the appropriate assessment of the risk and benefits of the treatment. Therefore, it caused needless problems on the effect of the operation and postoperative care. Furthermore, sometimes patients and doctors focus on the different risks of benefits of an operation. Firstly, parents and doctors should be responsible for children who cannot make decisions about important and risky treatment. Secondly, patients need to have a good chance of benefiting from surgery and at the same time, doctors should inform patients benefits and risks of the treatment.
Advances in the study of corticoid and melatonin in circadian rhythm disorders of oncology patients
Authors: Liang Jinming , Luo Lifan , Wang Xuanqian
Published: March 2023

It has been increasingly common to be diagnosed with cancer in recent years. In addition to cancer itself, which torments the patient and impairs body functions, oncology patients may develop many complications, and sleep disorders are one of them. Sleep disorders that are found in tumor survivors including sleep related breathing disorders, sleep related movement disorders, parasomnias, central disorders of hypersomnolence, insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders (CRSWDs). It has been proved that tumors are the cause of sleep disorders, but the mechanism underlying them remains unknown. Therefore, the study of the mechanism of sleep disorders in oncology patients has become very popular among researchers today. A wide range of systemic tumors, including brain tumor, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, renal tumor and so on have a mutation of RAS or MYC, which may cause circadian rhythm disorders through some changes on Clock genes in the body. This review will focus on whether different tumors follow the same mechanism causing circadian rhythm disorders. Whether Melatonin and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) are efficient in treating post-cancer sleep disorders in clinical trials will also be introduced.
Effect of sodium channels in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Li Mingqiao
Published: March 2023

Alzheimer disease (AD), depicted by the formation of amyloid β-protein plaque(Aβ), has been recognized for dementia and epilepsy. The pathological mechanism of AD is complicated and it remains unclear. Currently, most therapies are focusing on elimination of Aβ plaque and preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine to prevent neuron cell death, however, most of these drugs fail to improve cognitive functions in AD patients. Therefore, the development of novel therapies for AD is in urgent need. Emerging evidences show that cellular sodium (Na+) signals play a significant role in neurol physiology. Aβ oligomer upregulates the expression of Nav1.6, leading to cognition loss, epilepsy, and malfunction of neuron development (shorter neurite length is observed during Aβ-interfered neuron development), indicating that sodium channel may be a target for treating AD. This review summarizes current development of molecular mechanisms linking sodium dysregulation with AD pathologies and discusses potential therapies for AD by correcting Na+ disruption.
Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatments of Stenosing Tenosynovitis
Authors: Weng Wenqi
Published: March 2023

Sports injuries frequently occur to the hand and wrist, and one of the most common illnesses of the hand and wrist is stenosing tenosynovitis. This report concentrated on stenosing tenosynovitis, encompassing hand and wrist anatomy, high-risk groups and activities, diagnosis, conservative treatment, surgery, traditional Chinese treatment, and post-operative precautions. A high prevalence of stenosing tenosynovitis has been linked to specific sports, occupations, lifestyles, genes, illnesses, and females. The most noticeable clinical symptom is a brief blocking of the fingers during flexion, followed by painful snapping during extension. Auxiliary apparatus such as MRI, ultrasound, and goniometer, as well as specific testing for De Quervain tenosynovitis, are the two basic commonly used diagnostic techniques. Conservative treatment, surgery, and traditional Chinese medicine are options for treating stenosing tenosynovitis. Conservative treatment includes orthoses, steroid injections, and NSAIDs. Surgery involves open release and percutaneous procedures, and the major modalities of Chinese medicine are acupuncture and moxibustion, needle knives and massage. After being successfully treated, the prognosis findings could be influenced by lifestyle, psychological changes, environment, and exercise.
Current Drug Treatments in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Lan Tian
Published: March 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a global common concerned neurodegenerative disease, leading to an increase in death and social problems. The pathological mechanism of AD is complicated and still unclear, and it may be affected by various epigenetic factors. So far, drugs such as cholinesterase inhibitors and glutamate receptor antagonists have been approved for clinical treatment to improve the cognitive ability of patients who suffers Alzheimer’s disease. Meanwhile, natural medicines including traditional Chinese medicine have attracted attention for their function in reducing oxidant stress, suppressing inflammation in the neuron system, and regulating gut microbiota homeostasis. The mechanism of natural medicines for AD treatment is still under investigation of the complicity of chemical ingredients in natural medicines. However, experiments and clinical trials show promising advantages of natural medicine to treat and prevent AD. The curative effect and safety of natural medicine on AD will be gradually confirmed with the development of research and clinic trials in the near future.
The interaction between tumor derived exosomes and various cells in the progress of tumor
Authors: Han Xiaoqing , Long Yun , Yu Jianv
Published: March 2023

Exosomes, actively secreted from cells to the outside, are a series of small vesicles which is full of biological functions, which bring a variety of active elements (lipids, proteins, nucleic acids and other biological information molecules). They are instrumental in impacting immune response, tumorigenesis, tumor invasion and metastasis. Exosomes that come from tumor can influence the growth of tumor and metastasis by regulating different types of cells, like endothelial cells, epithelial cells and immune cells. Exosomes can open the close connection of endothelial cells, enhance the infiltration of tumor cells, and promote tumor angiogenesis. In the meantime, exosomes can also target epithelial cells to promote the process of tumor metastasis. This impact is mainly reflected in the key event——EMT caused by exosomes, including the direct effect of exosomes and the indirect effect of exosomes on ECM regulation. The former is divided into three parts: inducting factor, signaling pathways and miRNAs, while the latter covers the remodeling of ECM by exosomes and the ECM modification led by the interaction between exosomes and other cells. Besides, Tumor-derived exosomes can inhibit and activate immune cells which cause tumor cell immune escape, inhibit anti-tumor immunity, and promote the killing ability of immune cells. This review summarized the function of exosomes secreted by tumor cells that it may have a significant impact on the development of tumors for interfering with the functioning of immune cells, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells, and gave some prospective exosome-based therapy methods.
Development and comparison between three type of checkpoint inhibitor drug
Authors: Jiang Haoqian
Published: March 2023

In the recent years, many monoclonal antibody drugs related to the immunotherapy is taken by many cancer patients. This passage will give the information about the three common checkpoint inhibitor drugs. Information of each of drug will be divide into three parts including mechanism and structure, efficiency and strength, drawback and side-effect. Then limitation and new improvement of checkpoint inhibitor drugs of all three drugs will be introduced in the last part.
The relationship between nervous system and meridians
Authors: Shen Yibing , Wang Lu , Zhang Enwei , Zhang Xinyi
Published: March 2023

The nervous system and Chinese meridians have played vital roles in western medicine treatment and traditional Chinese medicine treatment, respectively. However, few studies have focused on relationships between them and develop effective treatments combining them. This paper discuss relationships between the nervous system and meridians from structures, functions, treatments and modern methods used to study them. Hopefully through this article, relationships between the nervous system and meridians will be revealed to some extent.
Research progress of targeted drugs in tumor therapy
Authors: Cai Qiyu , Cheng Jingren , Ge Jiahua , Luo Jianing
Published: March 2023

With the development of The Times, people have a deeper understanding of cancer cells, while explaining the related carcinogenic mechanism, cancer treatment drugs have also been developed accordingly, and more and more new anticancer drugs have been developed. Cancer generally refers to malignant tumors, which is caused by malignant cell proliferation and is invasive and metastatic. Targeted drug therapy is one of the means of malignant tumors, and also an important method to achieve breakthrough effect of malignant tumors. Targeted drugs are mainly divided into two categories, one is monoclonal antibody, the other is single target or multi-target small molecule inhibitors. In recent years, we promote tumor treatment, and obtain huge clinical benefits. Targeted drugs can also be expensive while exerting their therapeutic advantages, and the long-term use of targeted drugs can easily cause the limitations such as drug resistance, toxic and side effects. In short, compared with traditional surgical treatment, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other means, targeted drugs have significant therapeutic advantages but also have many limitations. With the development of technology, proteomics, genomics and so on, targeted drugs also have great development prospects.
Enhancement of Human Feeling via AI-based BCI: A Survey
Authors: Chang Yuwei
Published: March 2023

Technology developments related with brain-computer interface (BCI) promote study and research in emotion recognition. In study recognizes, classifies human emotional states, electroencephalograph (EEG) signal acquired by BCI devices will go through several process include data analysis in computational research. This article performs a survey in recent study use EEG as signal acquisition equipment, compare research targets, and provide summary of both research-grade EEG, consumer-grade EEG devices used in recent research. A comprehensive view of emotion recognition research process is given. The last section focuses on advanced processing method of extracted EEG signals proposed in recent study and compare their performances.
Insight into the Role of the Immune System in Atherosclerosis and Related Immune Therapy Strategies
Authors: Li Yiyang
Published: March 2023

Atherosclerosis is identified as the most common reason of numerous cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which is a chronic disease caused by the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) accumulate together and form a plaque. One of the factors contributing to that is the inflammatory response which is related to various signaling pathways. Both innate immune cells and adaptive immune cells participate in inflammatory responses, which lead to atherosclerosis. Their specific roles in the disease are explained in detail respectively in this project. In order to mitigate overactivated inflammatory responses in atherosclerosis, lots of research and studies have been made to find the potential treatment. Various antagonists which target interleukin 6 (IL-6) or interleukin-1 (IL-1) have been evaluated and applied in clinical treatment for atherosclerosis. In addition, monoclonal antibodies are also developed to target oxidized LDL. Despite the progress on the current therapy for atherosclerosis, more research on the field is needed due to the limit efficiency and adverse effects.
Insight into the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Current Strategies of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hu Ruiqin , Huang Lu , Liang Yuhan , Zhou Ruyi
Published: March 2023

The concept of diabetes cardiomyopathy (DCM) was first introduced by rubler and his colleagues. DCM refers to the adverse myocardial structure which is associate with diabetes. The primary pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, is also a predisposing factor for cardiovascular disease. In addition, diabetic disease is also associated with abnormal cytosolic calcium regulation, systolic dysfunction, cardiac remodeling, myocardial stiffness, and hypertrophy. Diabetic patients are normally affected by cardiovascular disorders. Several diagnosis approaches could be used in DCM, including echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear imaging. Given the broad influence and complex mechanism of DCM, effective therapies are urgently needed. Current treatments for DCM are mainly target several critical proteins. Lifestyle interventions for patients with DCM are beneficial as well. DCM has been known by researchers for 50 years, but the relevant signaling pathways and targeted therapies still need further investigation.
Recommendations for Repair of Three Types of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries with Combined Specific Meniscal Injuries
Authors: Deng Kexin , Hu Yuzhou , Liu Peng
Published: March 2023

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury plays an important role in affecting the stability of the knee of patients. ACL injuries often have meniscus injuries. When ACL is combined with special types of meniscus injuries, there are still research gaps on the therapeutic effect of ACLR. The article analyzes the impact on ACLR in terms of its injury mechanism and treatment for three specific types of meniscus: ramp lesions, bucket-handle tear (BHT), and root injury. It is not necessary to repair stable ramp lesions, nor does it affect the rate of recovery of motion. ACL injuries, combined with meniscal BHT, usually result in significant knee instability, causing further damage to the meniscus and articular cartilage and affecting ACLR outcomes. Therefore, simultaneous repair is recommended. If ACLR is performed over three months after injury, the timing positively correlates with the medial meniscus tear rate. BHT during simultaneous repair can lead to the risk of postoperative arthroplasty surgical revision. When combined with root injury, root tears which happened in lateral meniscus after ACLR lead to increased tibial anterior translation, and posterior root tears of lateral meniscus can further disrupt the ACL stability of reconstructed knee joint. Repairing posterior lateral meniscal root tears with good short-term clinical results is recommended.
Mechanism and means of exosomes in the treatment of osteoarthritis
Authors: Huang Jialin , Su Yuru
Published: March 2023

Osteoarthritis is a chronic and degenerative disease for which effective early diagnosis and treatment have not been established. Exosomes represent a useful value in the clinical trial phase of OA. This article discusses the relationship between different sources of exosomes and the pathogenesis of OA, and describes the characteristics of exosomes and their application in the diagnosis and treatment of OA. Exosomes may be directly involved in antigen presentation, interact with the endogenous immune system to regulate immune function, or influence cellular function through their miRNAs; T cell-derived exosomes may inhibit the activity of other T cells and prevent excessive inflammation. Apoptosis of chondrocytes leads to proliferation and hypertrophy of articular cartilage, which accelerates the development of osteoarthritis. Exosomes are biomarkers and can be used as diagnostic tools for early diagnosis of OA. Therapeutically, exosomes contain miRNAs that can be used as regulatory targets for drug delivery to treat OA, and exosomes can be injected into the joint cavi.
Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases
Authors: Lu Hongyang
Published: March 2023

With the development of today's world, with the development of the times, medical technology is becoming more and more advanced. But infectious diseases and pandemics remain one of the most troubling problems of this era. Even, some infectious diseases cannot be cured at all and can only be controlled by some special drugs. Three of them are the most troublesome: tuberculosis, AIDS and Human papillomavirus. Among them, tuberculosis and AIDS have long incubation periods. The characteristics of the HPV virus are very clear and the incubation period is very short. This paper is going to discussing the prevention and control of infectious diseases. The purpose of this article is to let the public know how to protect themselves against infectious diseases.
CAR T-cell Therapy for Neuroblastoma
Authors: He Shujun
Published: March 2023

Children aged under 5 being the main patient group of neuroblastoma has been widely acknowledged according to clinical diagnosis results. Traditional therapies like monoclonal therapy and chemo therapy have achieved relatively high curing rate, the 5-year survival rate of these therapies are still not acceptable, followed by strong side effects to microenvironment.  To help improve the prognosis of patients who have high risk and lift the survival rate, CAR T-cell therapy for neuroblastoma can be an achievable option. In this review, I summarize the mechanism of CAR T cell therapy, the general information about neuroblastoma and the current clinical experiences advancement in this area.
Purposed potential Alzheimer’s Disease treatment based on the results from current primary research models
Authors: Jiang Zhiyi
Published: March 2023

Alzheimer’s Disease is one of the most known neurodegenerative diseases that causes over 100,000 deaths till now. The pathology of Alzheimer’s Disease is still not fully clear, but the most widely accepted pathology is the chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by neurotoxicity via amyloid beta (Aß) plaques and intracellular tau tangles. In Alzheimer's patients, the abnormal Aß plaques and tau tangles cause oxidative stress and induce chronic ER stress, which can hardly be relieved by the normal UPR pathway. One potential treatment for rescuing the excessive ER stress caused by Aß accumulation in human neural cells is the Salubrinal (Sal) treatment. Amentoflavone (AF) treatment is a plausible treatment to alleviate cell death stress due to pyroptosis in Alzheimer's patients. Latrepirdine (LAT) is a treatment that can induce autophagy with the help of ATG5. Mitophagy is a special form of autophagy that degrades dysfunctional mitochondria and does not function well in Alzheimer's patients. Treatment like NMN, UA, and AC can effectively induce mitophagy, decrease memory loss, and relieve common Alzheimer’s pathology like Aß plaques and tau tangles.  In this review, the primary research on four key mechanisms in Alzheimer's etiology - UPR pathway(apoptosis), pyroptosis, autophagy and mitophagy - will be discussed and some potential treatments targeting these four mechanisms will be briefly introduced with the primary research results.
Nanotechnology and its Role in Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis
Authors: Feng Alice
Published: March 2023

Globally, cancer is one of the leading causes of death and is extremely difficult to treat and diagnose. The numerous types and variations of the disease make it a complex illness to tackle. Often, a patient diagnosed with cancer will face a drastic reduction in quality of life, if not death. One of the biggest challenges regarding cancer is early detection and toxic therapies. Over the past few years, the two factors have been improved upon by the employment of nanotechnology via innovations in tumor imaging and reducing toxicity in drug delivery. Various nanocarriers and materials such as liposomes and nanotubes have shown improvement in target specificity and enhanced imaging. They preserve healthy tissue cells to a greater degree and can aid in accurately detecting cancer before metastasis. In this paper, there will be (i) an overview of various nanoparticles and their advantages, (ii) how nanocarriers are applied in cancer diagnosis and treatment, (iii) the developmental path of nanotechnology methods, and (iv) future prospects of nanotechnology development.
Car-NK cell therapy for overcoming solid tumors
Authors: Lyu Jiaying
Published: March 2023

There are many standard treatments for solid tumors, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or combination therapy, but all of them are difficult to maintain long-term anti-cancer effects. Recent immunotherapies such as Car-T have achieved remarkable results in hematologic cancers. However, clinical success of immunotherapy for solid tumors remains difficult to achieve due to the specific nature of solid tumor microenvironment and impediments to drug delivery. NK cell therapies can be divided into two main types, those that directly use unmodified NK cells to kill cancer cells and CAR-NK cell therapies, which genetically engineer NK cells to bind to specific CAR structures, thereby increasing specificity and thus reducing damage to normal cells when NK cells target cancer cells. Therefore, researchers are currently focusing more on the second type of NK cell therapy. Compared with CAR-T cells, CAR-NK cells have benefit in significant immune rejection, more effectiveness in solid tumor.
The Research Progress and Practice Exploration of the Spread Period during COVID-19
Authors: Lin Chloe Han-Yin , Luo Yining
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis that severely influences humanity and the well-being of the planet. Countries and international health organizations implemented distinct protocols during the spread period of COVID-19, in efforts to control the spread of the pandemic. Before protocols are implemented, risk communication occurs as a foremost connection between the pandemic and the public. Public efforts and attention are important factors in further establishing specific protocols for them to work successfully. After risk communication, protocols such as quarantine, isolation, contact tracing, and social distancing, are implemented to control the spread of COVID-19. Each protocol contains specific advantages but also certain shortcomings that can be improved with future research. All can harm the well-being of individuals in some particular way, which needs to be improved. The spread period takes in protocols generated by the efforts of multiple parties, in order to reach the ultimate goal of returning to normal life.
The Prevention and Treatment of the Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Covid-19
Authors: Li Nuoyan
Published: March 2023

Communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the two major diseases that affect human health. The former has a wide range of influence and involves a large number of people, while the latter has a long onset time and is difficult to recover once the disease develops. Since 2019, covid-19 has become a global pandemic, killing and infecting millions of people. For patients with NCDs, no matter when vaccinating or taking drugs, there are more things to pay attention to in the prevention and treatment during the covid-19 pandemic. According to many studies, people with hypertension, coronary heart disease, obesity and some other chronic diseases are more likely to have covid-19 diagnosed. This paper aims to analyze the prevention, treatment and management strategies of covid-19 for patients with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Dispensing regimens during pandemic are discussed as well to minimize exposure and avoid contamination of the population.
The Impacts of SARS-2 and Its Variants on Human Health and How They Cause it
Authors: Chen Menglin
Published: March 2023

Began from the end of 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in Wuhan, China, this unknown virus are first been recognized and it continues to devastate millions worldwide. As more individual has been infected, Covid-19 has been considered an international public health event and research on its pathogenesis and impacts are necessary. Some research has already shown that the virus can also infect multi organs including human gut enterocytes and the respiratory tract and brings both short-term and long-term effects to humans, the more research has shown the varying immediate symptoms of Covid-19 including acute respiratory distress (ARDS), fever, cytokines storm and long-term risk with the impacts on heart, male reproductive system, neurological and psychological health, and other mysterious risks. In this article, multiple journals and review articles have been researched and managed into long-term and short-term sections, the result shows that Covid-19 has significant impacts on humans for both chronical and instant manifestations.
The impact of COVID-19 on human body
Authors: Shi Haoran , Xu Jingyuan
Published: March 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has the potential to infect a number of organs and systems to varying degrees. Human immune system will respond to it within few days with symptoms such as the fever, cough and trouble breathing. Despite the fact that COVID-19 is considered as a disease that mostly affects the lungs, it may also have an impact on the kidneys, brain and heart. Many individuals mistakenly think that COVID is a temporary illness. However scientific research has shown that organ damage can result in both of short-term and long-term health issues that can continue for up to six months and have an irreversible impact on the body. However, clinically, the human body is not completely clear about the impact of the disease on the human body, especially after recovery, it will still be harassed by some symptoms.This paper aims to discuss how the coronavirus influences the human body.
The role of nanoparticles in cosmetics and the potential harms of enhanced absorption: a review
Authors: Zhang Luojia
Published: March 2023

As an emerging technology, Nanotechnology has already been used in many fields of technology and science, e.g., medicine, electronics, and materials science. In cosmetics too, nanotechnology can play a significant role. Even though the method of producing nanoparticles is not yet very mature, they pose significant potential in additives to cosmetics. Moreover, because of their unique properties, they can largely enhance the performance of cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Herein, the properties and mechanisms of some typical nanoparticles for cosmetics were explained. Furthermore, some potential harms of nanoparticles in cosmetics, for example, damages resulting from the chemicals carried by liposomes, were discussed. This review intends to deepen the understanding of nanoparticle applications that can improve cosmetics quality.