bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of an Inhibition-Based Colorimetric Method For Glutathione Determination
Authors: Canbay Erhan , Ceylan Utkan , Topçu Zeynep İlay , Çelik Canbay Zeynep , Çakar Özge , Demirel Sezer Ebru
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Glutathione (GSH, L-γ-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine), one of the major cellular antioxidants, is an important non-protein intracellular physiological antioxidant with sulphhydryl groups for detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in all living organisms. GSH deficiency has been shown to be associated with many human diseases, including cardiovascular, immune and ageing diseases, arthritis and diabetes. Therefore, the development of an accurate, reliable and sensitive method for the determination of GSH in biological fluids is essential for the understanding of GSH homeostasis in medicine and biochemical research

Material and Methods: In this study, a very inexpensive, practical, rapid, sensitive, and highly specific colorimetric method for the determination of glutathione (GSH) that can be detected by the naked eye was developed. This method is based on the inhibition of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) by GSH. As the concentration of glutathione increases, a pink coloured compound consisting of 4-chlorophenol, H2O2 and 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP) decomposes as a result of the reaction catalyzed by HRP, thus reducing the intensity of the colour.

Results: While the linear range of the developed method was found to be between 15.6-1000 mM, the intra- and inter-day repeatability % coefficient of variation values of the method were less than 15%. The effect of potential interfering substances on the developed method was tested, and no interference was found, except for cysteine. Cysteine increased GSH response by 10%. The developed method was used for the determination of GSH in commercial serum samples, and results were obtained between 91-106%.

Conclusion: In conclusion, this study has developed a very simple, inexpensive and unique colourimetric method for the determination of GSH.
Възможната свобода: от логосна метафизика към метафизична постъпка Метафизиката е „първа наука“ защото е и „последна наука“
Authors: Kamburov Ivan
Published: April 2024

The article highlights the main points of the specificity of metaphysics in the European philosophical tradition. The division of wisdom as a unity between knowledge and practice in ancient philosophy is emphasized. Kant's thesis that metaphysics is possible only in the realm of practical reason and only as a metaphysics of freedom is recapitulated. The forms of transcendence are revealed. Two approaches regarding metaphysics are analyzed – as a metaphysics of “questioning”, the logos type, and of a metaphysical act as overcoming causal dependencies in human individuality and truly achieving freedom.
Legal Protection for Consumers Who Buy and Sell Used Goods on Facebook
Authors: Rizka Rizka
Published: April 2024

High consumer interest in purchasing used goods through platforms like Facebook, where the buyer is unknown, is evident. These goods are typically sourced from their original locations, which sometimes leads to consumer losses. The purpose of this research is to acquire knowledge and understanding of the legal protections available to consumers who purchase used goods on the Facebook platform. The research methods employed are normative, utilizing a regulatory legislation approach described as descriptive. This research focuses on analyzing and solving problems that occurred during the study. Consumer rights in these transactions are regulated under Article 4 of the Consumer Protection Act (UUPK), reinforced by the obligations of entrepreneurs in Article 7 of the UUPK. The sale of used goods is also addressed in Chapter 8, Paragraph 2 of the UUPK, which stipulates that entrepreneurs must not sell used goods without providing clear information. To prevent fraud involving stolen goods, consumers must adhere to Article 28 (1) of the ITE Act. Dispute resolution between consumers can be conducted through both litigation and non-litigation methods.
DEVELOPMENT OF BOARD GAME MEDIA “GALAKSI BIMASAKTI PROJECT” TO IMPROVE LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Arianti Ratiwi , Fitriyah Isnanik Juni , Puji Amelia Dwi , Firmansyah Mohammad Rifan
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to determine the effect of developing the media board game "Galaksi Bimasakti Project," which is the development of the Snakes and Ladders game. The Galaksi Bimasakti Project has a colorful space design that makes it attractive to students. This game is equipped with pawns, dice, and 3 types of cards: question cards, answer confirmation cards, and punishment cards. The novelty of the Snakes and Ladders concept game is that question cards and answer confirmations have the same number, making it easier for students to find out whether the answers put forward by other players are right or wrong. Other participants will listen and remember the appropriate answers, besides that the attractive design and additional points make students more interested in answering correctly and contributing to their group. In this game the teacher is only a supervisor of the course of the game, in other words the teacher is only a facilitator. The game is carried out by peer tutors in groups so that in preparation for the game. The method used in data analysis is descriptive quantitative using a group design pretest-post-test. The results showed that there was an increase in the class average at the pretest and post-test. Obtained statistical test results of 0.000 stated that there was an influence of the media on learning outcomes after the implementation of the Galaksi Bimasaktit board game.
DEVELOPMENT OF STEM-BASED E-MODULES USING FLIP PDF PROFESSIONAL ON TEMPERATURE AND HEAT MATERIL
Authors: Azriyanti Riza , Hendri Menza , Rasmi Dian Pertiwi
Published: April 2024

This research aims to produce a STEM-based e-module on temperature and heat material and determine student perceptions. This research is development research that uses the ADDIE model, which consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. However, this research is limited to the implementation stage. The test subjects for this research were class XI MIPA 6 students at Senior High School 3 Jambi City and class XI MIPA 3 students at Senior High School 11 Jambi City. The instruments used were media and material validation questionnaires and student perception questionnaires. Two types of data are collected, namely qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data was obtained from media and material experts' criticism, comments, and suggestions. Then, quantitative data was obtained from the results of product validation by validation by media and material experts, as well as student perception questionnaires. The results of media expert validation by the two validators were 100% in the very good category. The results of material validation by the two validators were 70.83% in the good category and 97% in the very good category. The results of the analysis of student perceptions obtained an average score from the two schools, namely 84.05% and 86.97% in the very good category. The STEM-based electronic modules developed are valid and suitable for use to help students in the learning process, and the e-modules developed can be accessed offline via laptop/computer and online via cellphone by distributing links to students.
THE INFLUENCE OF A GUIDED INQUIRY LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENT MOTIVATION AND LEARNING OUTCOMES ON SOLAR SYSTEM MATERIAL
Authors: Simamora Nadia Natalia , Kimball Derek F. Jackson , Maulana Rizki Catur Dimas , Sunarmi Nani
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of the guided inquiry learning model on student motivation and learning outcomes at Junior high school 2 Piyungan. This research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental type of research in the form of Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population of this study were all students in class VII of Junior high school 2 Piyungan with a sample of 64 students. The research instruments used were test instruments in the form of multiple choice questions and non-test instruments in the form of questionnaires. The data analysis technique used in the research is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential data analysis using the Paired Sample t-test and MANOVA test. The research results were analyzed using statistical analysis showing that the average value of learning motivation and learning outcomes for experimental class students was greater than that of the control class. These results are supported by the results of inferential analysis using the MANOVA test which shows a sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 < 0.05. This means that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be said that the guided inquiry learning model influences student motivation and learning outcomes. This research can be used as a reference for further research regarding the influence of the guided inquiry learning model on student motivation and learning outcomes.
THE VALIDITY OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS IN THE POE OF DYNAMIC FLUID MATERIALS FOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Yanuar Dinda , Festiyed Festiyed
Published: April 2024

The era of revolution 4.0 will be marked by the development of science and technology that is increasingly rapid and advanced. The rapid development of science and technology is a challenge for the world of education. Ongoing learning must facilitate the acquisition of student skills such as collaboration, creativity, literacy, communication, and critical thinking. To answer these challenges, the government has taken various initiatives to improve the quality of education in Indonesia, including improving the curriculum, providing school facilities and infrastructure, and improving teacher professionalism. Advances in educational theory by educational professionals have also led to developing different learning models that school teachers can apply. However, one thing that has not received much attention is the assessment or assessment system. This study aimed to determine the validity of an authentic assessment of the POE model of fluid dynamics for class XI high school. The model used in this research is the ADDIE development model design. The assessment of the validity of an authentic assessment of the POE model of fluid dynamics for class XI high school, according to three experts, uses Aiken's V formula, which is 0.87 with a valid category. So that the authentic assessment of the class XI high school fluid dynamics POE model created is in the valid category.
DISCOVERY LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS AND ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND CONCEPTS IN OHM'S LAW MATERIAL: META ANALYSIS
Authors: Taurusi Tutris , Septi Sabila Eka , Osma Ummi Shuhada
Published: April 2024

This research is based on several articles published in articles found on Google Scholar throughout Indonesia from 2016 to 2023. Variables were analyzed using the descriptive method of systematic literature review by collecting data from written sources such as books, journals and sources related to improvement. discovery learning model to improve creative thinking skills and the ability to understand concepts in Ohm's law materials. The aim of this literature study research is to find out and see whether there is an increase in creative thinking skills and the ability to understand concepts through the application of the discovery learning learning model. The results of research literature show that the discovery learning model can improve creative thinking skills and the ability to understand concepts in Ohm's law material and improve material in several other subjects.
UNLOCKING COGNITIVE POTENTIAL: ENHANCING PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITIES THROUGH INNOVATIVE PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODELS
Authors: Triani Elza , Oktami Listyana , Inghug Delicia , Rizqiyah Nabila Nur
Published: April 2024

In this context, this literature review article aims to analyze how PBL can be a strong foundation in developing students' problem solving skills in the realm of science learning, as well as highlighting practical implications for education in the future. This research method uses qualitative. The data collection technique uses literature study, which is a technique used to collect data and theoretical and research sources related to the topic raised in a study. Types of secondary data obtained from published articles related to the PBL learning model in improving students' science problem solving skills. The analysis technique is carried out using a synthetic matrix. This research procedure begins with determining article search keywords, searching for literature articles on Goggle Scholar, selecting articles according to keywords, and analyzing the articles and their findings. The conclusion from the results of the literature study carried out regarding how the problem based learning model has an impact on students' problem solving skills in science learning is that by implementing this problem based learning model it will improve students' problem solving skills. This is proven by the results of 10 studies that have been analyzed.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Kerentanan K3 yang Berhubungan Terhadap Keselamatan di Tempat Kerja Pada PT X Semasa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Hartono Muhammad Faqih , Lestari Fatma
Published: April 2024

PT X Unit Citeureup merupakan pabrik industri manufaktur semen terbesar di dunia. Proses industri di dalamnya melibatkan berbagai proses, bahan, serta pekerjaan berbahaya. Sehingga dengan demikian proses kerja di dalamnya banyak menyebabkan risiko keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja. Selain itu, pada saat ini PT X Unit Citeureup juga menghadapi tantangan pandemi COVID-19 sama seperti industri lainnya. Hal ini dapat berdampak negatif baik kepada pekerja ataupun manajemen PT X Unit Citeureup. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, terbentuknya keselamatan di tempat kerja merupakan hal yang harus diupayakan dan lebih dimaksimalkan. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengevaluasi faktor-faktor yang membentuk keselamatan di tempat kerja dengan upaya pencegahan COVID-19 dan dimensi-dimensi kerentanan K3. Dimensi-dimensi tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai dasar studi elemen psikologi organisasi dan iklim keselamatan yang mampu memprediksi keselamatan di tempat kerja. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara daring melalui google form untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi pekerja terkait variabel-variabel yang diteliti. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan Mei dengan besar sampel yang terkumpul adalah 126 responden dari 19 divisi. Data berikutnya dianalisis dengan PLS-SEM (Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling). Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor kerentanan K3 seperti kesadaran K3 dan partisipasi K3, serta upaya pencegahan COVID-19 berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap keselamatan di tempat kerja. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa intervensi terhadap peningkatan kesadaran K3, partisipasi K3, dan upaya pencegahan COVID-19 di tempat kerja dapat meningkatkan keselamatan di tempat kerja pada masa pandemi COVID-19.
Hubungan Tingkat Berat Jenis Urin dengan Keluhan Kesehatan akibat Pajanan Panas pada Pekerja Konstruksi Depo LRT
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Nafis Muhammad Syafiq , Ramdhan Doni Hikmat ,   Universitas Indonesia
Published: April 2024

Background: Construction workers in Indonesia are among vulnerable workers of the negative impact of heat hazard from the work environment. Past research has found that more than 80% of construction workers experienced dehydration and 100% construction workers have experienced heat-related symptoms/illnesses. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between dehydration (based on urine specific gravity) and heat-related symptoms/illnesses in depo Light-Rail Transit (LRT) construction workers. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional method from secondary data of work environment heat level measurement, workers’ questionnaire, and workers’ urine specific gravity in depo LRT construction 2021. Results : There is a significant correlation between workers’ urine specific gravity level and heat-related symptoms/illnesses on workers. Conclusion: Workers whose urine specific gravity level is not normal (>1,020) or experiencing dehydration, are in more risk of experiencing heat-related symptoms/illnesses compared to workers whose urine specific gravity level is normal (≤1,020) or having a good hydration status.
Influence of Utilization of Electronic Instructional Media on Undergraduate Educational Management Students’ Academic Performance in Rivers State Universities
Authors: Nte Oluchi Helen
Published: April 2024

The study investigated influence of utilization of electronic instructional media on undergraduate Educational Management students’ academic performance in Rivers State universities. Six specific objectives, six research questions and six hypotheses guided the study. This study adopted quasi-experimental research design. The population of the study was all 170 level 300 undergraduate Educational Management students in Rivers State Universities. The study used the entire population. The data collecting instrument for this study is a self-structured questionnaire titled “Influence of Utilization of Electronic Instructional Media on Undergraduate Educational Management Students’ Academic Performance Questionnaire.” The instrument was structured using 4-point rating scale and was face and content validated by the researcher’s supervisor and two experts in Measurement and Evaluation in Rivers State University. The instrument was tested for reliability using test-retest reliability technique and the scores collated were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient which yielded an average reliability index of 0.77. Mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions while the null hypotheses were tested using quasi-experimental design at 0.05 level of significance with a critical value of ±1.96. Findings revealed that lecturers’ utilization of zoom, google classroom, WhatsApp, digital textbooks, open educational resources, and computer networks in instructional delivery influences students’ academic performance in Rivers State universities to a high extent. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that seminars and training workshops be regularly organized to empower the teachers with skills needed for using the zoom for instructional delivery by the school management.
Psychological and Sociological Influences Contributing to Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) Across Age Groups and Gender
Authors: Kerna Nicholas A , Pruitt Kevin D , Jomsky Breanna M , Rodriguez Daylin , Azi Cornelius I , Carsrud N.D. Victor , Ngwu Dabeluchi C , Holets Hilary M , Flores John V , Chawla Sudeep , Saini Sawanjit , Jeremiah Shoyoye Muyiwa
Published: April 2024

This review depicts the epidemiology of avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), a relatively new eating disorder characterized by persistent food restriction leading to weight loss or nutritional deficiencies. The prevalence of ARFID varies, with the disorder occurring in both children and adults, although rates may be higher among females. Psychopathological, medical, neurodevelopmental, family, genetic, and cultural factors may contribute to the development of ARFID. The media can significantly impact the development and persistence of ARFID, both positively and negatively. This review also discusses diagnostic criteria and differential diagnosis of ARFID. Assessment tools and evaluation protocols are described, such as clinical, physical, psychiatric, psychological, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Finally, the review covers various treatment options for ARFID, like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), nutritional interventions, family-based therapy (FBT), and pharmacotherapy. The challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of ARFID are also highlighted, including overlapping symptomatology with other mental health disorders and heterogeneous manifestations of the disorder.
Unveiling the Nexus Between Career Fulfillment and Resilience in the Public Sector: A Case Study of Ministry Employees in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Adegoroye Ademola , Adekeye Oluwatoyosi Oluwatoyin
Published: April 2024

This study examines the influence of career satisfaction on employee resilience within the context of Lagos State Government workers, aiming to fill the gap in empirical evidence regarding this relationship in the Nigerian population. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, the research surveyed 200 participants using the Greenhaus and Hordlife scales to measure career satisfaction and employee resilience, respectively. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and frequency distributions. Findings indicated there are no significant gender differences in resilience levels; however, employees aged 46 and above reported higher resilience compared to younger age groups. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between career satisfaction and resilience, suggesting that higher career satisfaction enhances employee resilience. The study contributes to understanding the impact of career satisfaction on resilience among Nigerian workers and highlights the importance of considering these factors in policy-making.
New Critical Density in Metal-Insulator Transition, obtained in n(p)- Type Degenerate InP1-x Asx (Sbx), GaAs1-xTex(Sbx,Px), CdS1-xTex(Sex)-Crystalline Alloys. (II)
Authors: Van Cong Huynh
Published: April 2024

By basing on the same physical model and treatment method, as used in our recent works [1, 2], we will investigate the critical impurity densities in the metal-insulator transition (MIT), obtained in n(p)-type degenerate [〖InP_(1-x) As_x (Sb_x),GaAs〗_(1-x) Te_x 〖(Sb_x,P_x),CdS〗_(1-x) Te_x (Se_x)]- crystalline alloys, 0≤x≤1, being due to the effects of the size of donor (acceptor) d(a)-radius, r_(d(a)), the x- concentration, and finally the high d(a)-density, N, assuming that all the impurities are ionized even at T=0 K. In such n(p)-type degenerate crystalline alloys, we will determine:(i)-the critical impurity density N_(CDn(CDp)) (r_(d(a)),x) in the MIT, as that given in Eq. (8), by using an empirical Mott parameter M_(n(p))=0.25, and(ii)-the density of electrons (holes) localized in the exponential conduction (valence)-band tails (EBT), N_CDn(CDp)^EBT (〖 r〗_d(a) ,x), as that given in Eq. (26), by using our empirical Heisenberg parameter, H_(n(p))=0.47137, as given in Eq. (15), according to: for given〖 r〗_d(a) and x, N_CDn(CDp)^EBT (〖 r〗_d(a) ,x)≅N_(CDn(CDp)) (r_(d(a)),x), with a precision of the order of 2.92×10^(-7) , as observed in Tables 2-8 in Appendix 1.In other words, such the critical d(a)-density N_CDn(NDp) (r_(d(a))),x), is just the density of electrons (holes) localized in the EBT, N_CDn(CDp)^EBT (〖 r〗_(d(a)),x), respectively.
Intermolecular Forces in a Physical Molecular Visualization System: A Human-Computer Interaction Application
Authors: Kedwan Ftoon
Published: April 2024

This paper extends the concept of self-reconfigurable physical programming to incorporate attraction and repulsion forces between physical objects controlled by a software, Unity 3D engine. Those forces are further explained as force curves that justify the behavior of molecules under specific circumstances. A better programming methodology for physical structures is represented in this paper for demonstrating an interactive 3D physical simulation of the attraction and repulsion forces. The bottom-up programming of self-reconfigurable mid-air flying drones has proved to be more efficient in facilitating code modifications, maintenance, and scalability. The implementation evaluation covered drones’ response latency and accuracy as a drones’ deviation ratio from the correct path. The evaluation results show marginal latency measures and considerably high accuracy in the drones’ movements. This opens the door for many future works on this subject to improve its scalability and adaptability in similar self-reconfigurable physical structures programming projects.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Health and Safety Practices in Reducing Workplace Risk: A Case Study of Thomas Armstrong (Holdings) Limited Company, United Kingdom
Authors: Garba Nura , Audu Ibrahim Abubakar
Published: April 2024

This research aimed to examine and evaluate the influence of leadership on the effectiveness of health and safety practices to reduce workplace risks in construction companies. Thomas Armstrong (Holdings) Limited, was used as a case study. A literature review has been carried out to determine the effectiveness of health and safety processes in UK construction companies.  The research results show that some of these health and safety practices have failed in construction companies due to negligence from the management.  Poor leadership and improper supervision have contributed a lot to failures in health and safety practices. As such, most construction companies cannot avoid injuries in their companies. The most common injuries in construction companies are those related to the mechanical operation, concretes, excavation, and blasting process.  Due to confidentiality in data, the research tries to compare and evaluate health and safety practices in UK construction companies about Thomas Armstrong (Holdings) Limited. The final result shows that leadership plays a significant role in health and safety practices for reducing workplace risks.  Division of labour (responsibility) plays an important role too. The managers are the head who must evaluate potential risks and find a solution to resolve them. The role of supervisors is to guide, supervise, and advise employees about possible risks. They also have the responsibility of risk assessment and recording.  They have to provide all the training and necessary skills required for employees to perform their duties effectively.
Machine Learning-Based Intrusion Detection System for Encrypted Attacks
Authors: Ali Md Sobuj , Yasmin Fauzia , Sultana Saida
Published: April 2024

In today's society, information and communication technology is developing rapidly. With the gradual maturity and popularization of encryption technology, more and more malicious attacks are also using encryption technology to evade the scrutiny of traditional traffic detection systems. Therefore, accurate identification of encrypted attacks has become a research hotspot in the international community. This paper proposes an encrypted traffic detection method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) technology to address the issues of tedious steps and low recognition accuracy in manually extracting traffic features. This method does not require manual or expert feature extraction, and can automatically extract advanced features through CNNs, which are then fed into XGBoost classifiers for classification processing. On the basis of the above methods, this article designs and implements an encrypted traffic intrusion detection system, which is divided into five parts: traffic collection, data processing, model detection, data visualization, and traffic blocking. Reasonable explanations and technical introductions are provided for these modules.
Reliability Assessment of Power Plant Operations through Boolean Function Expansion and Mean Time to Failure Analysis
Authors: Kumar Sandeep
Published: April 2024

This paper presents an investigation into the reliability assessment of power plant operations using Boolean Function expansion and Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) analysis. The study focuses on a complex system comprising two power generators within a power house. The primary objective of this system i. This paper presents an investigation into the reliability assessment of power plant operations using Boolean Function expansion and Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) analysis. The study focuses on a complex system comprising two power generators within a power house. The primary objective of this system is to ensure uninterrupted power supply from the power house to critical consumers via an output main switch. Reliability calculations are conducted considering failure times of various components, including cables, generators, and main switchboards, assuming arbitrary distribution patterns. Additionally, MTTF for the system under an exponential failure time distribution is determined. Graphical representations are employed to illustrate the utility and efficacy of the proposed models to ensure uninterrupted power supply from the power house to critical consumers via an output main switch. Reliability calculations are conducted considering failure times of various components, including cables, generators, and main switchboards, assuming arbitrary distribution patterns. Additionally, MTTF for the system under an exponential failure time distribution is determined. Graphical representations are employed to illustrate the utility and efficacy of the proposed model.
A Note on Numbers
Authors: Annouk Ikorong
Published: April 2024

A Fermat number is a number of the form F_n=2^(2^n )+1, where n is an integer ≥ 0. A Fermat composite (see [1] or [2] or [4]) is a non prime Fermat number and a Fermat prime is a prime Fermat number. Fermat composites and Fermat primes are characterized via divisibility in [4] and in [5]. It is known (see [4]) that for every j ∈ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}, Fj is a Fermat prime and it is also known (see [2] or [3]) that F5 and F6 are Fermat composites. In this paper, we show [via elementary arithmetic congruences] the following result (E.). For every integer n > 0 such that n ≡ 1 mod [2], we have Fn-1 ≡ 4 mod[7]; and for every integer n ≥ 2, we have Fn−1 ≡ 1 mod[j], where j ∈ {3, 5}. Result (E.) immediately implies that there are infinitely many composite numbers of the form 2 + Fn. Result (E.) also implies that the only prime of the form 4 + Fn is 7 and the only primes of the form 8 + Fn are twin primes 11 and 13. That being said, using result (E.) and a special case of a Theorem of Dirichlet, we explain why it is natural to conjecture that there are infinitely many primes of the form 2 + Fn.
Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Hindrance or an Enabler?
Authors: Nzoka Francis Katumo
Published: April 2024

Outside of typical educational settings, Artificial Intelligence (AI) may provide real-time feedback, adjust course content dynamically, and evaluate student involvement through interactive learning strategies. By providing learners with a unique educational experience, artificial intelligence improves instructional techniques. Instructors who employ AI in the classroom, on the other hand are most afraid of losing their jobs in large numbers. Workers in a variety of industries, education not being spared in this regard, will eventually be replaced by robots and algorithms as machines grow more adept at handling complicated tasks due to the massive levels of automation brought about by the rapidly advancing field of artificial intelligence. A person’s ability to support themselves and maintain the social cohesiveness and a sense of community that come from meaningful work is negatively impacted by losing their job. Therefore, it’s important to strike a balance between the benefits AI can provide and any potential ethical or other problems.
Radiological Particularities of Apocrine Breast Carcinoma: A Case Study and Literature Review
Authors: Benyahia Radia , Mazouzi Chahira , Kamel Hail , Benghanem Lounes
Published: April 2024

Apocrine carcinoma is a rare form of breast carcinoma. We report the case of a 35-year-old female with a tumor over 4 cm in the major axis located in the inner median quadrant of the right breast. Mammography revealed a breast mass hosting microcalcification. Breast ultrasound highlighted three suspect masses requiring histological verification by micro biopsy; histological diagnosis favored apocrine carcinoma.
Harnessing Tanzania's Rangelands to Mitigate Methane Emissions from Livestock Enteric Fermentation
Authors: Seif Salum Kamota , Kipkirui Edwin
Published: April 2024

Methane emissions from livestock being a major contributor to climate change as methane possesses more global warming potential than carbon dioxide, exacerbating the issue. Therefore, reducing methane emissions is crucial in addressing climate change and promoting sustainable agriculture. Tanzania is endowed with a large livestock population and vast rangelands. The resultant enteric methane emissions share in the agriculture sector was estimated to be 39.71% in 2014. This data suggests that interventions to lower methane emissions in agriculture sectors need to focus on livestock especially ruminants to provide significant reduction. The study found that normalisation of emissions can be facilitated by a set of measures, namely: a) increasing the energy content or quality of ruminant feed to reduce the intensity of methane production in the gut; b) addressing existing problems in pasture use, including deforestation, uncontrolled burning, overgrazing, water shortages and invasive species; c) improving feeding in combination with other livestock management practices to achieve the expected productive effect while reducing methane emissions.
China’s Compliance to International Health Law and Its Implication to Global Health Security
Authors: Ngwa Neba Ridley
Published: April 2024

The Covid 19 pandemic presented a defining challenge to public health and global security. The outbreak of the pandemic in China and its global implications raised persistent doubts of states’ compliance to international health laws. The pandemic therefore, provides an opportunity for us to ascertain the extent to which China adhered to the International Health Regulations. Though a great deal of experts have scrutinized Chinese public health policies in the aftermath of the pandemic, China’s compliance to the 2005 International Health Regulation and its implication to global health security remained unclear. The analysis is largely derived from the Global Health Security-GHS Index and other primary legal texts. The GHS Index represents the first comprehensive unit of measurement of global health security across 195 countries that are parties to the 2005 International Health Regulations. The outcome of the analysis exposed significant gaps in China’s compliance to international health laws. It also indicates that, though international health laws provide useful guidance to prevent, respond and manage pandemics, they are implemented in an ad hoc manner and generally have few tools at their disposal to enforce compliance. China’s failure to timely and adequately discharge its duties under the International Health Regulation prior to and in the wake of Covid 19 shows that the international community needs a new legal enforcement mechanism to ensure that states act promptly, transparently and effectively to protect the world’s population against pandemics. The challenge of a lack of statutory enforcement mechanism is insurmountable and it remains uncertain what the future holds for global health security.
Criminal Profiling and its Use in Crime Solving. Applicable for Malta?
Authors: Vella Robert , Farrugia Julia
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study was to set forth an impartial presentation of the academic situation that prevails in the field of criminology on the subject of criminal profiling. Through an analysis discussion, and interpretation of the main objective of this study research inquiry which is ‘Criminal profiling and its use in crime solving’, this study will explore on the arguments pertaining to the claim of whether or not, criminal profiling can be of assistance in crime solving. Since there is dearth of exploration of this subject in the Maltese context, some recommendations will be suggested. Desk-based approach was used as for this research study. The utilised literature is the work of different authoritative authors involved in the study of criminal profiling and the result of their extensive research and experience in the same field of study. By carrying out a critical analysis, the study discusses and presents the existing disparity that prevails on the argument regards the validity, utility, and effectiveness of using criminal profiling techniques in crime investigations. Moreover, the research opines on the fact that criminal profiling is a valuable investigative tool, that needs to be utilised in conjunction with other valid scientific investigative methods so as to increase the reliability and success rate of crime solving and offender apprehension. For this reason, it is recommended that more studies are required on this topic from a Maltese perspective.
The Rogowski Coil Technology Advancements: A Review of High Current Applications
Authors: Hamdard Rafiqullah , Zhukeshov Anuar M. , Rahime Mustafa , Shahryar Shir Agha , Aseel Yama
Published: April 2024

Rogowski coil (RC) also known as air-cored was suggested in 1912 and was introduced by German physician Walter Rogowski. This coil is developed for the measurement of alternating and transient high currents, it has the capability of measurement from a few milliamperes to more than 1MA. The advancement of technology and use of microprocessor-based modern signal processing devices have coursed improvement of the Rogowski coil and extended its applications in various places. This article will provide an overview of the theory of Rogowski coils and its high current applications. initially, the article discusses the principles and basics of high current Rogowski coils, explaining their design, construction, and operation. Besides, the research study explores the various high current applications of this coil. its uses overlap from laboratory testing to industrial equipment, Rogowski coils find Usefulness in fault detection, partial discharge measurement, and lightning current detection, surpassing traditional current sensing devices in aspects of speed, accuracy, and reliability. As a result, it is a valuable resource for academics, engineers, and practitioners looking to use this adaptive technology in a wide range of commercial and scientific activities.
Erosion and Resurgence of Biohiphilia in the Evolution of Yoruba Architecture
Authors: Adenaike Folahan Anthony
Published: April 2024

The concept of biophilia in architecture promotes features such as plants, water, light, and materials to increase occupant health and well-being while also fostering a connection with nature. In traditional Yoruba architecture, the buildings and cities were a continuum with the environment and all the construction materials completely sourced from the immediate environment. The evolution of Yoruba architecture into more attritive forms and spaces arising from acculturation of foreign architectures gave rise to less biophilic features. This presentation explores the extent to which the indigenous traditions have yielded towards absolute social-cultural functionalism to the detriment of conservation and bio-sustainability in modern environmental development in primarily Yoruba-speaking areas of southwest Nigeria. Information and data for the investigation were obtained from literature on biophilic designs and indigenous Yoruba architecture. The findings from the research indicate that there were no inclinations in the contemporary indigenous architecture of the Yoruba to bring back the elements of the environment into its building forms until the proponents of sustainability and greening gained prominence. The urban forms fare better due to the efforts of landscape and urban designers. The paper concludes that the proponents of indigenous architecture who are presently premising their advocacy on heritage preservation and urban tourism should include the advantages of biophilic architecture which was present in the Yoruba traditional architecture in their discourses.
The Role of Power Electronic Converters in Microgrid Technology: A Review of Challenges, Solutions, and Research Directions
Authors: Sabo Aliyu , Suleiman Hamza Ozovehe , Dahiru Yakubu , Bukar Babagana , Emmanuel Agnes , Kamaldeen Rabiyat Opeyemi
Published: April 2024

The paper is on the role of power electronic converters in microgrid technology: A review of challenges, solutions and research directions. The objective of the paper is to perform a comprehensive overview of the role of power electronic converters in microgrid technology, focusing on challenges, solutions, and research directions. Findings revealed that major challenges of power electronic converters integration in microgrid technology are voltage and frequency regulation issues, power quality issues, creative management and coordination challenges, and Integration of renewable energy sources. The solutions to these problems are advanced control algorithms such as Model Predictive Control (MPC); deployment of active power filters or harmonic compensators to reduce harmonic distortion and improve power quality; iimplement a centralized control system with centralized monitoring controllers to coordinate the operation of several converters and ensure consistent operation; and combining multiple renewable energy sources in a hybrid energy system to diversify generation sources and reduce the gap. The future research directions include, among others, advanced control strategies, grid-forming converters, wideband semiconductor, and cyber-security and Resilience. The paper concludes that the integration of power electronic converters into microgrid technology presents both opportunities and challenges. Although these converters play an important role in the efficient conversion, distribution and utilization of energy in microgrids, they face various technical and practical challenges. To mitigate these challenges, the implementation of advanced control strategies, grid-forming converters, etc., is inevitable.
Top 5 Posts of 2022
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: April 2024

And just like that, another year is over. I’ll remember 2022 as the year I unwittingly stepped into the world of pop psychology. My post on the Dunning-Kruger effect was meant as a humorous aside from my main work in political economy. Instead, that piece became my most-read post ever — pretty much dwarfing everything else I wrote in 2022. It’s an interesting demonstration of what drives attention on the internet.
How Interest Rates Redistribute Income
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: April 2024

Download: PDF | EPUB [I]nterest rates are, first and foremost, a distributional variable that affects the income shares of various social groups. — Louis-Philippe Rochon & Mark Setterfield (2007) When I read about monetary policy, I have a rule of thumb. Every time I see the phrase  interest rate  , I replace it with the term  wage rate  . Then I ask myself whether the discussion still makes sense. Often, it does not.
Ideological Tunnel Vision
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: April 2024

I rarely write about partisan politics on this blog. Today, though, I’ll make an exception. As the spectre of a second Trump term remains possible, here are some thoughts on the US election. Avoiding democracy A second Trump term is possible largely because the US electoral system is designed to avoid democracy. To be fair to the US, though, many of the world’s democracies have similar features.
In Search of Sabotage
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: April 2024

 James McMahon and Blair Fix   The most important feature of private ownership is not that it enables those who own, but that it disables those who do not.  — Jonathan Nitzan and Shimshon Bichler A key aspect of Jonathan Nitzan and Shimshon Bichler’s theory of ‘capital as power’ is that it treats property not as a productive asset, but as a negative social relation.
Dualism in Science, Theology, and Economics
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: April 2024

I’ve spent a lot of time on this blog debunking economists’ claims about productivity. Usually, I come at the problem from a fairly technical angle, meaning I break down the contradictions involved in economists’ methods. Today, I want to try a more philosophical approach. I’m going to talk about dualism — the idea that something can be two things at once.
Redistributing Income Through Hierarchy
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: April 2024

Download PDF Abstract Although the determinants of income are complex, the results are surprisingly uniform. To a first approximation, top incomes follow a power-law distribution, and the redistribution of income corresponds to a change in the power-law exponent. Given the messiness of the struggle for resources, why is the outcome so simple?
Massaging the Message: How Oilpatch Newspapers Censor the News
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: April 2024

Download: PDF | EPUB In their book  Manufacturing Consent  , Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky argue that the mainstream media functions largely as a propaganda arm for the state. When the war drum beats, the corporate media tows the government’s line, censoring facts that don’t fit the official narrative. Outside of war, media bias is typically less overt. But to the careful observer, it can still be discerned.
Inflation: Everywhere and Always Differential
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: April 2024

Download: PDF | EPUB In November 2021, I wrote a post called ‘The Truth About Inflation’. At the time, inflation fears were heating up. And as usual, mainstream economists were missing the bus. Sure, economists pointed to the consumer price index and said, “Look, it’s going up!” But they didn’t look under the hood of this index to see the big picture. Despite what economists proclaim, inflation is not a uniform increase in prices.
Large-scale disruptive activism strengthened environmental attitudes in the United Kingdom
Authors: Kenward Ben , Brick Cameron
Published: April 2024

The 2019 London Extinction Rebellion was the first attempt by environmental protesters to create prolonged large-scale disruption in a Western capital city. The effects on public opinion were difficult to predict because protests seen as extreme can reduce support, but protests seen as justified can increase support. We studied longitudinal opinion changes in a nationally representative sample (n = 832) before, during, and after the rebellion, in conjunction with experimental analysis of the causal effects of media reports (n = 1441). The rebellion was longitudinally associated with national increases in environmental concern, and activist media increased dissatisfaction with current government action. Reports from different media sources caused activism intentions and support to move in different directions, contributing to longitudinally increased polarisation in attitudes to activism. The rebellion had minimal effects on belief in whether ordinary people can produce relevant change (based on collective efficacy and support for a Citizens’ Assembly). The rebellion thus apparently succeeded in strengthening general environmental attitudes without polarising them, and probably somewhat grew the pool of engaged activists, but did not lead to major growth in collective mobilisation or improved environmental policy.
Ruínas vivas do Teatro de Arte Israelita Brasileiro no livro “TAIB: Uma história do teatro”
Authors: Toledo Paulo
Published: April 2024

Resenha do livro Taib: uma história do teatro sobre a trajetória de teatro construído pelo Instituto Cultural Israelita Brasileiro (ICIB), mantido pela comunidade judaica de cultura ídiche em São Paulo na década de 1960. A análise destaca como o livro apresenta o caráter singular daquele teatro, seja para a cultura ídiche dos anos 1950 e 1960, seja para o teatro político brasileiro das décadas seguintes. Na pesquisa realizada pelos autores e autoras dos textos reunidos no livro, é possível ver ainda como as ruínas atuais do TAIB ainda guardam as marcas fantasmagóricas de uma trajetória marcante e com potencial para ser reativada.
Hizkuntza Garapeneko Nahasmenduaren adierazle bila euskal hiztunen ahotan: izen- eta aditz-morfologiaren erabilera
Authors: Ainhoa Leyaristi Oñederra
Published: April 2024

Hizkuntza Garapeneko Nahasmendua (HGN) 30 ikasletatik bik duen hizkuntza-arazoa da (Norbury eta beste 2016), baina sarri oharkabean igarotzen da arazoarekiko ezjakintasuna eta diagnostikorako erronkak direla medio. Lan honek HGNaren euskarazko adierazleak identifikatu nahi izan ditu, berariaz lan honetarako diseinaturiko zein estandarizatze-bidean dauden tresnak baliatuz. Emaitzek erakutsi dute, -ela eta -en konplementatzaile-markekin loturiko hutsak HGNaren balizko adierazleak direla. Gainera, hizkuntza-nahasmendurik ez duten nerabe euskaldunek ere adizki forma okerrak ekoizten dituzte.