bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring a Gaming-Based Intervention for Unemployed Young Adults: Thematic Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Straand Ingjerd Jevnaker , Følstad Asbjørn , Bjørnestad Jone Ravndal
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Promoting positive psychologies that promote resilience such as a growth mindset could be beneficial for young, unemployed adults, as many lack the self-esteem and self-efficacy to cope with job search adversity. These young people may be reached at scale through the web-based delivery of self-administered positive psychology interventions. However, past studies report unsatisfying user experiences and a lack of user engagement. A gaming-based experience could be an approach to overcoming these challenges.

OBJECTIVE

Our research objective was to explore how young, unemployed adults experience a positive psychology intervention designed as a game to extract learning and principles for future intervention research and development.

METHODS

To respond to the research question, a team of researchers at the University of Stavanger worked with designers and developers to conceptualize and build a gaming-based intervention. Feedback from the users was collected through formative usability testing with 18 young adults in the target group. Retrospectively, recordings and notes were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis to extract learnings for the purposes of this paper.

RESULTS

A total of 3 themes were identified that pinpoint what we consider to be key priorities for future gaming interventions for unemployed young adults: adaptation to user preferences (eg, need for responding to user preferences), empathic player interaction (eg, need for responsiveness to user inputs and a diverse set of interaction modes), and sensemaking of experience and context (eg, need for explicit presentation of game objectives and need for management of user expectations related to genre).

CONCLUSIONS

Feedback from end users in usability-testing sessions was vital to understanding user preferences and needs, as well as to inform ongoing intervention design and development. Our study also shows that game design could make interventions more entertaining and engaging but may distort the intervention if the game narrative is not properly aligned with the intervention intent and objectives. By contrast, a lack of adaptation to user needs may cause a less motivating user experience. Thus, we propose a structured approach to promote alignment between user preferences and needs, intervention objectives, and gameplay.
Designing a Web-Based Navigation Tool to Support Access to Youth Mental Health Services: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Calear Alison L , Batterham Philip J , McCallum Sonia M , Banfield Michelle , Moore Elizabeth , Johnson Natalie , Morse Alyssa R
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Many young people with mental health problems do not readily seek help or receive treatment and support. One way to address low help-seeking behavior is to improve access to information on mental health services and how to navigate the mental health system via a web-based tool. Seeking input from the end users (young people and parents or caregivers) on key features of the tool is imperative to ensure that it is relevant, engaging, and likely to meet their needs and expectations.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate young person and parent or caregiver views on the design, content, functioning, and user experience of a web-based mental health navigation tool to support connection to mental health services for children and young people aged up to 25 years.

METHODS

A total of 4 online focus groups were conducted: 2 with young people aged 16 years and older (total n=15) and 2 with parents or caregivers (total n=13). Focus groups were structured around a series of guiding questions to explore participants’ views on content, features, user experience, and design of a mental health navigation website. Focus groups were audio recorded with detailed notes taken. In addition, 53 young people aged 16-25 years and 97 parents or caregivers completed an online survey, comprising closed- and open-ended questions; open-ended responses were included with the focus group data in the qualitative analysis. All qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 2 topic areas and 7 themes were developed. The first topic area covered the types of information needs of young people and parents. Identified themes concerned the scope of the navigation website, as well as the provision of up-to-date and practical information on how to navigate the whole help-seeking process. The second topic area covered website features that would be beneficial and included the consideration of the website design; search engines; supported navigation; and forums, reviews, and user accounts.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides important insights into the navigation needs of young people and parents or caregivers in seeking mental health services. Key findings identified through this research have directly informed the development of MindMap, a web-based youth navigation tool providing a searchable database of local services, including a clear description, their location, and potential wait times. The website can be navigated independently or with support.
Evaluating a WeChat-Based Intervention to Enhance Influenza Vaccination Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Among Chinese University Students Residing in the United Kingdom: Controlled, Quasi-Experimental, Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Li Lan , Wood Caroline E , Kostkova Patty
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

University students, who often live in close quarters and engage in frequent social interaction, face a heightened risk of influenza morbidity. Still, vaccination rates among this group, particularly Chinese students, remain consistently low due to limited awareness and insufficient access to vaccinations.

OBJECTIVE

This study examines the effectiveness of a cocreated WeChat-based intervention that targets mainland Chinese university students in the United Kingdom, aiming to improve their knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) toward seasonal influenza vaccination.

METHODS

A quasi-experimental mixed methods design was used, incorporating an intervention and comparison group, with baseline and follow-up self-reported surveys. The study was conducted from December 19, 2022, to January 16, 2023. The primary outcome is the KAB score, which was measured before and after the intervention phases. System-recorded data and user feedback were included in the analysis as secondary outcomes. A series of hypothesis testing methods were applied to test the primary outcomes, and path analysis was used to explore the relationships.

RESULTS

Our study included 596 students, of which 303 (50.8%) were in the intervention group and 293 (49.2%) were in the control group. The intervention group showed significant improvements in knowledge, attitude, and intended behavior scores over time, whereas the control group had only a slight increase in intended behavior scores. When comparing changes between the 2 groups, the intervention group displayed significant differences in knowledge and attitude scores compared to the control group, while intended behavior scores did not significantly differ. After the intervention, the actual vaccination rate was slightly higher in the intervention group (63/303, 20.8%) compared to the control group (54/293, 18.4%). Path analysis found that the intervention had a significant direct impact on knowledge but not on attitudes; knowledge strongly influenced attitudes, and both knowledge and attitudes significantly influenced intended behavior; and there was a strong correlation between intended and actual behavior. In the intervention group, participants expressed a high level of satisfaction and positive review of the content and its use.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates how a WeChat intervention effectively improves KAB related to seasonal influenza vaccination among Chinese students, highlighting the potential of social media interventions to drive vaccination behavior change. It contributes to the broader research on digital health intervention effectiveness and lays the groundwork for tailoring similar interventions to different health contexts and populations.
The Feasibility and Acceptability of Using a Digital Conversational Agent (Chatbot) for Delivering Parenting Interventions: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Klapow Max C , Rosenblatt Andrew , Lachman Jamie , Gardner Frances
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Parenting interventions are crucial for promoting family well-being, reducing violence against children, and improving child development outcomes; however, scaling these programs remains a challenge. Prior reviews have characterized the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of other more robust forms of digital parenting interventions (eg, via the web, mobile apps, and videoconferencing). Recently, chatbot technology has emerged as a possible mode for adapting and delivering parenting programs to larger populations (eg, Parenting for Lifelong Health, Incredible Years, and Triple P Parenting).

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to review the evidence of using chatbots to deliver parenting interventions and assess the feasibility of implementation, acceptability of these interventions, and preliminary outcomes.

METHODS

This review conducted a comprehensive search of databases, including Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Interventions and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were used to conduct the search. Eligible studies targeted parents of children aged 0 to 18 years; used chatbots via digital platforms, such as the internet, mobile apps, or SMS text messaging; and targeted improving family well-being through parenting. Implementation measures, acceptability, and any reported preliminary measures of effectiveness were included.

RESULTS

Of the 1766 initial results, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. The included studies, primarily conducted in high-income countries (8/10, 80%), demonstrated a high mean retention rate (72.8%) and reported high acceptability (10/10, 100%). However, significant heterogeneity in interventions, measurement methods, and study quality necessitate cautious interpretation. Reporting bias, lack of clarity in the operationalization of engagement measures, and platform limitations were identified as limiting factors in interpreting findings.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to review the implementation feasibility and acceptability of chatbots for delivering parenting programs. While preliminary evidence suggests that chatbots can be used to deliver parenting programs, further research, standardization of reporting, and scaling up of effectiveness testing are critical to harness the full benefits of chatbots for promoting family well-being.
IMPACT OF WATCHING ENGLISH MOVIES, SERIES, AND CARTOONS ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING OF A PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Mahbub Rahman M
Published: January 2024

The article examines the influence of English movies, series, and cartoons on students majoring in English at a university in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to ascertain the potential impact of films, series, and cartoons on the acquisition of the English language and to determine the extent of their influence. This quantitative research centered on the English department located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A set of questionnaires was employed to administer a series of inquiries to 140 students. The research uses both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data sources include surveys and interviews, while secondary data sources encompass journals, publications, previous research, and websites. This study has shown the significant impact exerted by English films, series, and cartoons on EFL learners. The development of English language proficiency – reading, speaking, listening, writing – was noticeably improved. It is found that watching English series, cartoons, and movies is a quick and effective way for EFL students to pick up the language. The approach functions as an audiolingual method, incorporating visual aids and facilitating situational language instruction. Moreover, the subtitles have been found to enhance both reading and writing abilities, as well as promote social interactions and foster a deeper understanding of the culture of native speakers. This research will also provide valuable insights for future scholars and researchers.
Historical Contexts, Literary Voices: Exploring Resistance and Marginalized Narratives in Hemingway's 'For Whom the Bell Tolls' through a New Historicist Framework
Authors: Khale Aishwarya
Published: January 2024

Ernest Hemingway, celebrated for his prowess as both a journalist and literary artist, demonstrates a profound engagement with diverse societal strata and narrative dimensions in his works. This abstract explores Hemingway's thematic exploration of war, particularly within the Spanish landscapes of "For Whom the Bell Tolls" and "A Farewell to Arms," highlighting the transcendence of national identity. Employing a New Historicist perspective, the deconstruction of Hemingway's narratives reveals the transformative potential of this critical approach in amplifying diverse voices. Despite his American origins, Hemingway's depiction of Spain goes beyond geographical boundaries, encapsulating universal narratives while providing a platform for marginalized voices. In "For Whom the Bell Tolls," Hemingway strategically incorporates supporting characters to amplify the voices of the marginalized, emphasizing an inclusive ethos aligned with New Historicism. The novel becomes a conduit for multiplicity, illustrating the traumatic repercussions of war on the human psyche. Hemingway, viewed through the lens of New Historicism, emerges as a custodian of war writing, constructing a framework that elucidates power structures and oppressive regimes. The metaphor of 'Alluvial soil' symbolizes the dynamic and evolving nature of historical narratives, promoting an acknowledgment of history as inherently multi-narrative. This paradigm shift encourages the acceptance that history is subjective and contributes to the cultivation of a transformative space for societal and cultural progress. Ultimately, Hemingway's narrative craftsmanship, interpreted through New Historicism, extends beyond literary exploration, evolving into a critical discourse that shapes collective consciousness and fosters societal transformation.
Environmental Enrichment Has Minimal Impact on Fresh and Processed Meat Quality of Turkeys
Authors: Dennis Melinda , Dong Yiru , Guo Yufei , Kim Yuan H. Brad , Erasmus Marisa , Zuelly Stacy M. Scramlin
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study was to determine impacts of environmental enrichment (EE) on turkey meat quality. A randomized complete block design was used with commercial turkeys (n = 420) randomly assigned to 6 EE treatments (control [C], pecking block [PB], platform [P], wooden platform þ straw bale [PSB], straw bale [SB], and tunnel [T]) across 24 pens (16 to 18 turkeys/pen). At 19 wk, turkeys were weighed (live weight [LW]), and 6 birds per pen were harvested, a subset (n = 96 carcasses) fabricated into wings, drumsticks, and boneless breasts and thighs. From the breast and thigh, samples were taken for pH and drip loss. From the breast, samples were taken for instrumental color and shear force, with remaining breast portions further processed into boneless turkey breast logs. From each log, slices were taken for packaged purge loss (PPL), expressed moisture loss (EML), instrumental color, and texture. All EE treatments were analyzed using PROC GLM. For LW, SB turkeys were lightest, PB turkeys were heaviest, and T, PSB, C, and P were intermediate (P = 0.01). For fresh turkey, EE treatment did not impact the fabrication values, fresh breast color, breast or thigh drip loss, or breast or thigh pH (P > 0.05) and had minimal impact to thigh color with significant differences only in the b* values (P = 0.04). For processed turkey, EE did not impact processing yield, PPL, a*, b*, or texture (P > 0.05). For L*, SB, T, P, and PSB were lighter, C were darker, and PB had intermediate values (P = 0.02). PB, PSB, C, and T had greater EML loss, P had the least, and SB had intermediate EML (P = 0.04). The results indicate some variations of turkey quality due to EE, but the impacts of specific enrichments were not consistent across quality parameters.
POINTWISE 1-TYPE GAUSS MAP OF DEVELOPABLE SMARANDACHE RULED SURFACES IN $\mathbb{E}^{3}$
Authors: Tamta Stuti - , Gupta Ram Shankar
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we study developable TN, TB, and NB-Smarandache ruled surface with pointwise 1-type Gauss map. In particular, we obtain every such developable TN-Smarandache ruled surface has constant mean curvature, developable TB Smarandache ruled surface is minimal if and only if the curve is a planar curve or helix, and developable NB-Smarandache ruled surface is always plane. Also, we give some examples.
Sustentabilidad alimentaria y empoderamiento de mujeres en huertos de la zona periurbana de Mérida, Yucatán
Authors: Montejo Murillo Silvia , Sarmiento Franco José Francisco , Monforte Méndez Gustavo Adolfo
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: analizar el empoderamiento de las mujeres y la sustentabilidad alimentaria en dos huertos comunitarios de Mérida, ubicados en el fraccionamiento Las Américas, y en un huerto en Dzityá, que estuvo a cargo de mujeres entre 2018 y 2021. Metodología: el estudio es cualitativo y consistió en observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Resultados: el empoderamiento personal y los conocimientos formales en torno a la producción agroecológica son las principales fortalezas de los huertos del fraccionamiento Las Américas. En Dzityá, el huerto estuvo sujeto a la aprobación de los hombres de la comunidad maya. Valor: la presente investigación proporciona información útil al estudio del empoderamiento espacial de las mujeres en relación con la sustentabilidad alimentaria. Limitaciones: debido a que la población fue flotante en los huertos, no se pudo entrevistar a todas las personas que participaron en los proyectos. Conclusiones: el empoderamiento personal fue la base del empoderamiento colectivo en ambas iniciativas.
SERPIENTES DE CHIPAUQUIL, MESETA DE SOMUNCURA, PATAGONIA ARGENTINA
Authors: Vera David Gustavo , Nigro Rocío , Berkunsky Igor , Fortunato Damián , Velasco Melina , Quiroga Sofía , Povedano Hernán , Williams Jorge , Tettamanti Germán , Kacoliris Federico , Di Pietro Diego
Published: January 2024

La Meseta de Somuncura, ubicada en el norte de la Patagonia Argentina, es un sitio de conservación de importancia global. La herpetofauna de esta área ha sido estudiada, sin embargo, aún no hay trabajos específicos sobre las serpientes presentes en el área. En este trabajo reportamos las serpientes de la localidad de Chipauquil, ubicada en la Meseta de Somuncura. Los registros pertenecen a encuentros casuales obtenidos en el marco de proyectos de investigación realizados en Chipauquil. Para su identificación utilizamos los patrones de escamas dorsales y la coloración. En total reportamos cinco especies de serpientes: Oxyrhopus rhombifer, Philodryas patagoniensis, Philodryas trilineata, Tachymenis trigonatus y Xenodon semicinctus. Todas las especies registradas están categorizadas como "Preocupación Menor" por la UICN. Estos registros representan el primer reporte de serpientes en Chipauquil, proporcionando nuevas localidades y extensiones de distribución dentro de la provincia de Río Negro, y llenando vacíos en su distribución geográfica.
HERPETOFAUNA OF THE “EL MINERAL DE NUESTRA SEÑORA DE LA CANDELARIA” RESERVE: A BIOLOGICAL TREASURE IN SINALOA, MEXICO
Authors: Jacobo-González José David , Chan Chon Diego Sidu , Razo Pérez Antonio , Leal Orduño Alfredo , Centenero Alcalá Eric , Lara Resendiz Rafael Alejandro
Published: January 2024

Mexico hosts an exceptional diversity of approximately 1 421 species of amphibians and reptiles, many of which are endemic to the country. However, the Sinaloa region has remained largely unexplored due to access challenges and social conflicts. This study focuses on analyzing the biodiversity of amphibians and reptiles in the “El Mineral de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria” reserve in Sinaloa, Mexico. This reserve, located in the Sierra Madre Occidental, covers 1 256 hectares of diverse habitats, including tropical deciduous and sub-deciduous forests. Through fieldwork conducted between 2017 and 2020, 55 species of amphibians and reptiles were documented in the reserve, of which 34 are endemic to Mexico, highlighting its importance as a refuge for native biodiversity. Furthermore, 20 species are protected by Mexican regulations and are listed on the IUCN Red List, indicating their threatened status. This reserve significantly contributes to Sinaloa’s herpetofaunal landscape, safeguarding approximately 32.4% of its diversity and over 53% of the genera present in the state. The presence of endemic and endangered species underscores the need for specific conservation measures. In conclusion, this listing provides a detailed insight into the biological richness of amphibians and reptiles in the “El Mineral de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria” reserve, emphasizing its value as a refuge for unique and threatened species. The results urge the implementation of effective conservation strategies to protect these unique ecosystems in the context of global environmental changes.
IMPROVING THE PRICING MODEL FOR PRODUCTS OF THE STATE DEFENSE ORDE (BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF IRZ LLC)
Authors: Sevryugin Yu. V. , Styazhkina A. P.
Published: January 2024

The characteristic of pricing methods for products supplied under the state defense order is given. The theoretical aspects of the cost method are considered. The main features and disadvantages of this model are highlighted. The key principles of determining the price of products supplied under the state defense order by the base price indexation method are considered and characterized. The proposal to switch to the base price indexation method is justified, which in turn is an alternative to the cost method in the presence of certain conditions. Examples of calculating the price of products supplied by LLC “IRZ” within the framework of the state defense order by the cost method and the method of indexing the base price are given. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the executor of the state defense order LLC “IRZ” may receive additional profit when switching from the cost method to the base price indexation method. It is suggested that this pricing model will create incentives for the introduction of innovative technologies and increase production efficiency. The approbation of the base price indexation method and the actual result of its application require further scientific research on the issue of improving pricing models in the field of state defense orders.
STRATEGIC TOOLS DEVELOPMENT TO ENSURE PRODUCT COMPETITIVENESS IN THE GLOBALIZATION CONTEXT
Authors: Zhuykov D. A. , Churakova A. A. , Perminova O. M.
Published: January 2024

The article studies the development of new methodological support for marketing activities in the context of globalization for innovative enterprises with a wide range of products. Today, manufacturers are winning over consumers in conditions of high competition and decreasing response time to market needs. It is necessary to structure the needs of the target audience according to purchase decision-making patterns. Based on the analysis of approaches to ensuring competitiveness, it was revealed that it is necessary to study consumer behavior and motivation for purchasing goods. The theories of purchasing decisions and motivation for choosing a product are analyzed. It is noted that globalization has transformed the consumer environment and consumer behavior, and the motives for self-positioning in society and joining new social groups are highlighted. The article proposes a “needs - interests - values” systematization, which highlights the special properties of a product. The proposed systematization is included in the algorithm for choosing a positioning strategy based on a ranking pyramid, taking into account: price, quality, functionality, design, exclusivity, brand status and brand spirit, which allow influencing the choice of the target audience. The developed seven-level ranking pyramid is a tool for making decisions on choosing a product positioning strategy. The proposed methodological approach to positioning of goods will ensure the competitiveness of the organization.
Analisis Penyimpanan Bahan Makanan di Resort
Authors: Paramartha I Dewa Gede Nata , Ekasani Kadek Ayu
Published: January 2024

Restoran adalah salah satu sarana memenuhi kebutuhan tamu akan pangan. Dalam menyediakan kebutuhan makanan butuh prosedur yang baik dalam penyimpanan bahan makanan untuk hasil yang berkualitas dan harga jual tinggi. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana prosedur dalam penyimpanan bahan makanan di St Regis Bali Resort. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Berkaitan dengan hal itu cara menyimpan dengan prosedur yang benar akan membuat bahan makanan lebih awet dan dapat bertahan dari proses kerusakan. Aspek-aspek yang dibahas dalam penelitian meliputi suhu, wadah penyimpanan, rak, kebersihan, dan metode penyimpanan. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses penyimpanan bahan makanan belum terlaksanan dengan baik. Serta perlunya penambahan fasilitas penyimpanan bahan makanan dan evaluasi terhadap penyimpanan bahan makanan.
 
The restaurant is one of the means to meet the needs of guest for food. In providing food needs, good procedures in food storage are needed to obtaon result and high selling prices. The purpose of this study is to find out how the procedures for storing foodstuffs at St Regis Bali Resort are. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. In this regard, how to store with the correct procedure will make food ingredients last longer and can survive the process of damage. The aspects discussed in the study include temperature, storage container, shelves, cleanliness, and storage methods. Base on this research it can be concluded that the food storage process has not been implemented properly. As well as the need for additional food storage facilities and evaluation of food storage.
Kualitas Cookies Dengan Bahan Dasar Tepung Biji Nangka
Authors: Widiari Ni Luh Putu Febri , Purnaya I Gusti Ketut
Published: January 2024

Cookies adalah kue yang terbuat dari bahan dasar tepung terigu namun tingginya penggunaan terigu membuat banyak alternatif untuk mengurangi pemakaian terigu, salah satu yang dapat dilakukan adalah melakukan substitusi atau penggantian tepung terigu. Sementara biji nangka masih belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik, maka dapat dilakukan substitusi tepung terigu menggunakan tepung biji nangka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas cookies dari segi rasa, warna, tekstur, dan aroma, untuk mengetahui daya tahan atau masa kadaluarsa serta menganalisis biaya yang diperlukan dalam pembuatan cookies. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen yang kemudian diuji oleh 30 panelis dengan tes organoleptik, observasi dan analisis biaya produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas cookies dengan bahan dasar tepung biji nangka masuk dalam kriteria enak dari segi rasa, tekstur yang renyah, beraroma harum serta warna yang menarik. Dari hasil uji daya tahan mampu bertahan selama 2 minggu. Dari hasil analisis biaya produksi membutuhkan biaya Rp 91.600,-.
 
Cookies are cakes made from wheat flour, but the high use of flour makes many alternatives to reduce the use of flour, one of which can be done is to substitute or replace wheat flour. While jackfruit seeds are still not used properly, it can be substituted for wheat flour using jackfruit seed flour. This study aims to determine the quality of cookies in terms of taste, color, texture, and aroma, to determine durability or expiration and analyze the costs required in making cookies. The research approach used is experimental research which is then tested by 30 panelists with organoleptic tests, observation and analysis of production costs. The results showed that the quality of cookies with the basic ingredient of jackfruit seed flour was included in the delicious criteria in terms of taste, crunchy texture, fragrant aroma and attractive color. From the results of the endurance test, it can last for 2 weeks. From the results of the analysis of the cost of production costs Rp 91,600, -.
On ellipticity of operators with shear mappings
Authors: Boltachev A. V.
Published: January 2024

The nonlocal boundary value problems are considered, in which the main operator and the operators in the boundary conditions include the differential operators and twisting operators. The de nition of the trajectory symbols for this class of problems is given. We show that the elliptic problems de ne the Fredholm operators in the corresponding Sobolev spaces. The ellipticity condition of such nonlocal boundary value problem is given.
Suppression of nitrogen deposition on global forest soil CH4 uptake depends on nitrogen status
Authors: Cen Xiaoyu , He Nianpeng , Li Mingxu , Xu Li , Yu Xueying , cai weixiang , Li Xin , Butterbach-Bahl Klaus
Published: January 2024

Methane (CH4) is the second most important atmospheric greenhouse gas
(GHG) and forest soils are a significant sink for atmospheric CH4.
Uptake of CH4 by global forest soils is affected by nitrogen (N)
deposition; clarifying the effect of N deposition helps to reduce
uncertainties of the global CH4 budget. However, it remains an unsolved
puzzle why N input stimulates soil CH4 flux (RCH4) in some forests while
suppressing it in others. Combining previous findings and data from N
addition experiments conducted in global forests, we proposed and tested
a “stimulating-suppressing-weakening effect” (“three stages”)
hypothesis on the changing responses of RCH4 to N input. Specifically,
we calculated the response factors (f) of RCH4 to N input for N-limited
and N-saturated forests across biomes; the significant changes in f
values supported our hypothesis. We also estimated the global forest
soil CH4 uptake budget to be approximately 11.2 Tg yr–1. CH4 uptake
hotspots were located predominantly in temperate forests. Furthermore,
we quantified that current level of N deposition reduced global forest
soil CH4 uptake by ~3%. This suppression effect was
more pronounced in temperate forests than in tropical or boreal forests,
likely due to differences in N status. The proposed “three stages”
hypothesis in this study generalizes the diverse effects of N input on
RCH4, which could help improve experimental design. Additionally, our
findings imply that by regulating N pollution and reducing N deposition,
soil CH4 uptake can be significantly increased in the N-saturated
forests in tropical and temperate biomes.
Improved estimates of North Atlantic deoxygenation trends by combining shipboard and Argo observations using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Ito Takamitsu , Cervania Ahron
Published: January 2024

The ocean oxygen (O2) inventory has declined in recent decades but the
estimates of O2 trend is uncertain due to its sparse and irregular
sampling. A refined estimate of deoxygenation rate is developed for the
North Atlantic basin using machine learning techniques and
biogeochemical Argo array. The source data includes 159 thousand
historical shipboard (bottle and CTD-O2) profiles from 1965 to 2020 and
17 thousand Argo O2 profiles after 2005. Neural network and random
forest algorithms were trained using 80% of this data using different
hyperparameters and predictor variable sets. From a total of 240 trained
algorithms, 12 high performing algorithms were selected based on their
ability to accurately predict the 20% of oxygen data withheld from
training. The final product includes gridded monthly O2 ensembles with
similar skills (mean bias < 1mol/kg and R2 >
0.95). The reconstruction of basin-scale oxygen inventory shows a
moderate increase before 1980 and steep decline after 1990 in agreement
with a previous estimate using an optimal interpolation method. However,
significant differences exist between reconstructions trained with only
shipboard data and with both shipboard and Argo data. The gridded oxygen
datasets using only shipboard measurements resulted in a wide spread of
deoxygenation trends (0.8-2.7% per decade) during 1990-2010. When both
shipboard and Argo were used, the resulting deoxygenation trends
converged within a smaller spread (1.4-2.0% per decade). This study
demonstrates the importance of new biogeochemical Argo arrays in
combination with applications of machine learning techniques.
BioRT-HBV 1.0: a Biogeochemical Reactive Transport Model at the Watershed Scale
Authors: Sadayappan Kayalvizhi , Stewart Bryn , Kerins Devon , Vierbicher Andrew , Zhi Wei , Vis Marc , Seibert Jan , Li Li
Published: January 2024

Reactive Transport Models (RTMs) are essential for understanding and
predicting intertwined ecohydrological and biogeochemical processes on
land and in rivers. While traditional RTMs have focused primarily on
subsurface processes, recent RTMs integrate hydrological and
biogeochemical interactions between land surface and subsurface. These
emergent, watershed-scale RTMs are often spatially explicit and require
large amount of data and extensive computational expertise. There is
however a pressing need to create parsimonious models that require less
data and are accessible to scientists with less computational
background. Here we introduce BioRT-HBV 1.0 (hereafter BioRT), a
watershed-scale, hydro-biogeochemical model that builds upon the widely
used, bucket-type HBV model (Hydrologiska Bryåns Vattenavdelning), known
for its simplicity and minimal data requirements. BioRT uses the
conceptual structure and hydrology output of HBV to simulate processes
including solute transport and biogeochemical reactions driven by
reaction thermodynamics and kinetics. These reactions include, for
example, chemical weathering, soil respiration, and nutrient
transformation. This paper presents the model structure and governing
equations, demonstrates its utility with examples simulating carbon and
nitrogen processes in a headwater catchment. As shown in the examples,
when constrained by data, BioRT can be used to illuminate the dynamics
of biogeochemical reactions in the invisible, arduous-to-measure
subsurface, and their connections to observed solute export in streams
and rivers. We posit that such parsimonious models increase model
accessibility to users without in-depth computational training. It also
can serve as an educational tool that promote pollination of ideas
across different fields and foster a more diverse, equal, and inclusive
user community.
Ceny skupu owoców miękkich do przetwórstwa a rozwój bazy surowcowej w Polsce w latach 1998-2012
Authors: Kierczyńska Sylwia
Published: January 2024

Celem pracy jest określenie zmian cen skupu owoców miękkich przeznaczonych do przetwórstwa oraz areału upraw tych owoców, a także sprawdzenie istnienia zależności pomiędzy tymi cechami. Zmiany cen oraz powierzchni uprawy określono za pomocą indeksów dynamiki, a siłę zależności pomiędzy powierzchnią uprawy a ceną skupu zmierzono współczynnikiem korelacji Spearmana. W wyniku przeprowadzonej analizy ustalono, że w analizowanym okresie powierzchnia uprawy charakteryzowała się mniejszą zmiennością niż ceny skupu owoców do przetwórstwa. Zmniejszał się areał uprawy wiśni, agrestu oraz truskawek, natomiast zwiększała się powierzchnia uprawy malin oraz porzeczek czarnych i aronii. W przypadku owoców wiśni oraz truskawek uzyskano ujemną zależność cen skupu owoców do przetwórstwa i powierzchni uprawy. W przypadku malin, agrestu, porzeczek czarnych oraz aronii uzyskano dodatnią zależność cen skupu owoców do przetwórstwa i powierzchni ich uprawy.
Specyficzne uwarunkowania inwestycji w biogazownie rolnicze w Polsce
Authors: Franc-Dąbrowska Justyna , Jarka Sławomir
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu przedstawiono specyficzne uwarunkowania inwestycji w biogazownie rolnicze w Polsce. Wskazano na potencjał produkcji biogazu, a także utrudnienia prawno-organizacyjne. Przeprowadzono badania na małej próbce przedsiębiorstw, co może stanowić wstępny obraz sytuacji i poglądów kierowników biogazowni rolniczych. Jednak zgodność opinii kierujących badanymi biogazowniami wydaje się podstawą do wnioskowania o zbliżonych opiniach zakresu ryzyka związanego z tym typem działalności w dalszych badaniach. Konieczna jest eksploracja obszaru efektywności i ryzyka biogazowni rolniczych, gdyż bez wątpienia jest to zakres działań, który będzie rozwijał się w związku z koniecznością zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego i ochrony środowiska, tak w kraju, jak na świecie.
Regionalne zróżnicowanie kredytów klęskowych z tytułu suszy w Polsce w latach 2007-2012
Authors: Gawrońska Anna
Published: January 2024

Zbadano regionalne zróżnicowanie kredytów klęskowych udzielonych na wznowienie produkcji w gospodarstwach rolnych i działach specjalnych produkcji rolnej w Polsce w wyniku szkód wyrządzonych przez susze w okresie od 1 maja 2007 roku do 31 grudnia 2012 roku. Skutki szkód po suszach w województwach z północno-zachodniej Polski minimalizowano w największym stopniu wykorzystując kredyty klęskowe. Z kolei w takich województwach, jak: lubelskie, małopolskie, podkarpackie i świętokrzyskie w ogóle nie korzystano z kredytów klęskowych z tego tytułu. Poziom zróżnicowania kwoty kredytów klęskowych według powiatów województwa wielkopolskiego również był duży. Najwięcej środków trafiło do rolników wschodniej części województwa wielkopolskiego, zaś w przeliczeniu na 1 gospodarstwo rolne i 1 ha UR do powiatów: krotoszyńskiego, obornickiego, pleszewskiego, średzkiego i złotowskiego.
Problem eliminacji trendów podczas oceny ryzyka produkcyjnego podstawowych roślin uprawnych
Authors: Kobus Paweł
Published: January 2024

Na podstawie danych dotyczących plonowania roślin uprawnych z wielu lat można potwierdzić występowanie systematycznych zmian w wysokości plonu na poziomie krajowym. W ocenie wielkości ryzyka produkcyjnego ogólną zmienność plonowania pomniejsza się o systematyczne zmiany wynikające z trendów w plonowaniu poszczególnych roślin uprawnych. W pracy podjęto próbę oceny zasadności takiego postępowania. W tym celu wyznaczono trendy plonowania podstawowych roślin uprawnych w Polsce i porównano jakość predykcji plonów opartych na wyznaczonych trendach oraz jakość predykcji plonów bazujących na średniej arytmetycznej. Jako miarę jakości predykcji przyjęto pierwiastek ze średniego kwadratu błędu predykcji. Badania wykazały, że stosowanie funkcji trendu do predykcji plonowania prowadzi przeciętnie do pogorszenia jakości predykcji o około 27%.
Gospodarowanie wspólnym zasobem na przykładzie wybranych wspólnot gruntowych w Polsce
Authors: Daniłowska Alina , Zając Adam
Published: January 2024

Celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie i ocena sposobu zarządzania wspólnymi zasobami na przykładzie wybranych wspólnot gruntowych w Polsce na tle rozwiązań proponowanych przez teorię wyboru publicznego. Z analizy zasad, którymi kierują się badane wspólnoty w praktyce, wynika, że są one zgodne z kilkoma zasadami postulowanymi przez Elinor Ostrom, mianowicie z zasadą ściśle ograniczonych granic wykorzystania zasobu, adaptacją zasad wykorzystania zasobu do lokalnych warunków, włączeniem w decyzje dotyczące wspólnoty większości użytkowników, monitorowania efektywnego wykorzystania zasobów, poczucia wspólnoty. W badanych dwóch wspólnotach są określone zasady wykorzystania zasobu (drewna) przez członków wspólnoty, a monitorowaniem wykorzystania zasobów zajmują się komisje leśne. Wielu członków wspólnoty jest zaangażowanych w pracę różnych organów wspólnoty i może realnie wpływać na jej bieżące funkcjonowanie. Poczucie wspólnoty jest budowane poprzez bieżące działania. Bez poczucia wspólnoty obie istniałby tylko formalnie jak tysiące innych wspólnot w kraju.
Ceny detaliczne warzyw w Polsce i w wybranych krajach europejskich
Authors: Sobczak Wioleta , Jabłońska Lilianna
Published: January 2024

W pracy dokonano poziomej oraz pionowej analizy porównawczej cen detalicznych warzyw w Polsce i w wybranych krajach europejskich. Analizowano zróżnicowanie cen pomiędzy krajami na tle zróżnicowania poziomu zamożności, dynamikę ich zmian w wybranych krajach oraz relacje cen wybranych gatunków warzyw. Szeregi czasowe dotyczące relatywnych cen produktów ogrodniczych w postaci indeksów cen i wartości PKB przypadającego na jednego mieszkańca pochodzą z Eurostatu, Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego oraz publikacji Instytutu Ekonomiki Rolnictwa i Gospodarki Żywnościowej – Państwowego Instytutu Badawczego (IERiGŻ-PIB). Okres badawczy obejmuje lata 2004-2012, czyli po wejściu Polski do Unii Europejskiej (UE). Badania wykazały, że na europejskich rynkach występuje tendencja wzrostowa cen detalicznych warzyw, której towarzyszył wzrost produktu krajowego brutto (PKB) per capita, a siła współzależności obu zmiennych była wyższa w krajach o niższym poziomie zamożności.
Działalność wiosek tematycznych w Polsce i wstępna ocena jej efektów
Authors: Kłoczko-Gajewska Anna
Published: January 2024

Zmiany zachodzące na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce zmuszają do poszukiwania nowych rozwiązań, pozwalających na stworzenie dodatkowych form zarobkowania przy zachowaniu charakteru wsi. Jedną z inicjatyw w nurcie odnowy wsi jest tworzenie wiosek tematycznych, w których aktywność mieszkańców jest podporządkowana konkretnemu hasłu. Powstające od kilkunastu lat w Polsce wioski tematyczne mają ciekawą ofertę dla turystów i stwarzają możliwość aktywizacji społecznej mieszkańców oraz pozyskania dochodów z turystyki.
Narzędzia identyfikacji niewypłacalności przedsiębiorstw sektora prywatnego
Authors: Franc-Dąbrowska Justyna , Karbowiak Katarzyna , Porada-Rochoń Małgorzata
Published: January 2024

Celem badania było zdiagnozowanie i ocena, czy niewypłacalność przedsiębiorstw sektora prywatnego (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sektora małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw oraz sektora rolnego) można oceniać z wykorzystaniem poziomu przychodów ze sprzedaży. W analizach panelowych małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw uwzględniono dane z lat 2007- 2011 dla 451 przedsiębiorstw (łącznie 2255 obserwacji), a po przekształceniach 408 jednostek (łącznie 1942 obserwacje). Do uzupełnienia analizy wykorzystano badania przeprowadzone z użyciem kwestionariusza ankiety w 2014 r. Stwierdzono, że identyfikacja niewypłacalności jest postępowaniem wieloaspektowym, wymagającym postrzegania problemów finansowych przedsiębiorstwa m.in. z punktu widzenia cash flow, zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa finansowego czy kontroli czynników powiązanych z poziomem przychodów ze sprzedaży.
Tendencje w produkcji, zużyciu krajowym i handlu zagranicznym wieprzowiną, wołowiną i mięsem drobiowym w Polsce w latach 2000-2015
Authors: Stańko Stanisław , Mikuła Aneta
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu przedstawiono tendencje w produkcji, zużyciu i w obrotach handlu zagranicznego wieprzowiny, wołowiny i mięsa drobiowego w Polsce. Zakres czasowy badań obejmował lata 2000-2015. Z badań wynika, że od 2008 roku Polska jest importerem netto wieprzowiny. Oszacowano, że w 2020 roku niezbędny import na uzupełnienie podaży w kraju wyniesie 150-200 tys. t. Tendencje wzrostowe w produkcji wołowiny determinowane są głównie popytem na rynkach zagranicznych. Eksport wołowiny pozwolił zagospodarować rosnącą produkcję i nadwyżki rynkowe wynikające z ograniczania konsumpcji w kraju. W 2020 roku niezbędne będzie zagospodarowanie na rynkach zagranicznych 88% wołowiny produkowanej w Polsce. Dynamiczny rozwój produkcji mięsa drobiowego wynikał z rosnącego popytu krajowego i zagranicznego. W latach 2016-2020 niezbędne będzie zagospodarowanie na rynkach zagranicznych prawie 80% przyrostu produkcji mięsa drobiowego.
Czynniki warunkujące kierunki zmian handlu targowiskowego w Polsce
Authors: Hamulczuk Mariusz
Published: January 2024

Targowiska odgrywają ważną rolę w handlu towarami rolno-żywnościowymi. Niemniej jednak znaczenie tej formy handlu maleje wraz ze wzrostem poziomu rozwoju gospodarczego. Celem opracowania było wskazanie czynników warunkujących zmiany handlu targowiskowego w Polsce. Badania empiryczne oparto na danych GUS z lat 1999-2014. Wyniki potwierdzają spadkowe tendencje w zakresie powierzchni targowisk stałych z towa­rzyszącymi procesami koncentracji handlu detalicznego w Polsce. Do głównych czynników warunkujących spadek znaczenia handlu targowiskowego zaliczyć można wzrost znaczenia sklepów wielkopowierzchniowych, zmiany zachodzące w rolnictwie oraz zmiany nawyków zakupowych konsumentów.
UNEMPLOYMENT IN POLISH REGIONS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION
Authors: Chrzanowska Mariola , Drejerska Nina
Published: January 2024

Unemployment is traditionally a phenomenon analysed by economists. Recently these investigations are often run with use of methods allowing for identification of spatial autocorrelation on the labour market. The aim of the study is to analyse spatial interrelationships of the unemployment rate between Polish regions (NUTS2) and then to verify if any results can be interpreted through a perspective of the urban-rural classification for NUTS 3 regions applied by the European Union. Research covered the period from 2004 to 2014 and was based on the data of the Central Statistical Office of Poland. The global and local Moran’s statistics were applied. Results prove existence of spatial patterns on labour market in Poland - local statistics indicate that outliers and clusters of similar regions occur.
Struktura ciągników według mocy a struktura obszarowa gospodarstw rolnych w Polsce – analiza porównawcza wyników powszechnego spisu rolnego 2010
Authors: Rudnicki Roman , Biczkowski Mirosław , Kluba Mieczysław
Published: January 2024

Przeprowadzone badania dotyczą analizy dwóch struktur: ciągników według ich mocy oraz obszarowej gospodarstw rolnych prowadzących działalność rolniczą. Celem artykułu jest ustalenie zależności między wielkością gospodarstw rolnych a mocą użytkowanych przez nie ciągników w warunkach wsparcia finansowego z programów unijnych na ich zakup. Na podstawie wyników Powszechnego Spisu Rolnego w 2010 roku stwierdzono, że wśród woje­wództw tylko dolnośląskie cechuje się szczególnie dużą przewagą średniej mocy ciągników nad średnią wielkością gospodarstwa rolnego (typ 1), natomiast w województwach małopolskim, podkarpackim, ale także łódzkim i mazowieckim przeważała wielkość gospodarstwa nad mocą ciągników (typ 4). W pozostałych regionach moc ciągnika oraz wielkość gospodarstwa były na tym samym poziomie (typ 3). Zróżnicowanie przestrzenne badano także w ujęciu powiatowym.