bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enteric Virus Diversity Examined by Molecular Methods in Brazilian Poultry Flocks
Authors: De la Torre David , Nuñez Luis , Astolfi-Ferreira Claudete , Piantino Ferreira Antonio
Published: March 2018

Enteric viruses play an important role in the Brazilian poultry industry due to the economic impact of resulting low yields of broilers, layers, and breeders. The most common enteric viruses affecting commercial flocks in Brazil include Fowl Adenovirus of group I (FAdV-I), Chicken Parvovirus (ChPV), Chicken Astrovirus (CAstV), Avian Nephritis Virus (ANV), Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV), Avian Reovirus (AReo), and Avian Rotavirus (ARtV). The aim of this study was to identify single and multiple infections using data obtained from 270 samples from eleven Brazilian states, corresponding to the period between 2010 and 2017. This was accompanied by an analysis of the relationship between the age of birds, clinical signs, and geographical distribution, using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Reverse Transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) techniques. Twenty-five profiles of virus combinations were detected. Single infections were encountered in 86.3% of samples, and multiple infections were present in the remaining 13.7%. Both single and multiple infections affected all kinds of commercial chickens with digestive problems, stunting syndrome, decreases in egg and meat production, increased mortality, and respiratory signs. FAdV-I, ChPV, CAstV, ANV, and ARtV were mostly detected in young broilers, in contrast with IBV, which was detected in hens from one to greater than 51 weeks of age. These results exhibit the complexity of enteric diseases and the still poorly understood role of each pathogen as a unique etiological agent.
High Resolution Monitoring of River Bluff Erosion Reveals Failure Mechanisms and Geomorphically Effective Flows
Authors: Kelly Sara , Belmont Patrick
Published: March 2018

Using a combination of Structure from Motion and time lapse photogrammetry, we document rapid river bluff erosion occurring in the Greater Blue Earth River (GBER) basin, a muddy tributary to the sediment-impaired Minnesota River in south central Minnesota. Our datasets elucidated dominant bluff failure mechanisms and rates of bluff retreat in a transient system responding to ongoing streamflow increases and glacial legacy impacts. Specifically, we document the importance of fluvial scour, freeze–thaw, as well as other drivers of bluff erosion. We find that even small flows, a mere 30% of the two-year recurrence interval flow, are capable of causing bluff erosion. During our study period (2014–2017), the most erosion was associated with two large flood events with 13- and 25-year return periods. However, based on the frequency of floods and magnitude of bluff face erosion associated with floods over the last 78 years, the 1.2-year return interval flood has likely accomplished the most cumulative erosion, and is thus more geomorphically effective than larger magnitude floods. Flows in the GBER basin are nonstationary, increasing across the full range of return intervals. We find that management implications differ considerably depending on whether the bluff erosion-runoff power law exponent, γ, is greater than, equal to, or less than 1. Previous research has recommended installation of water retention sites in tributaries to the Minnesota River in order to reduce flows and sediment loading from river bluffs. Our findings support the notion that water retention would be an effective practice to reduce sediment loading and highlight the importance of managing for both runoff frequency and magnitude.
Application of Geomorphologic Factors for Identifying Soil Loss in Vulnerable Regions of the Cameron Highlands
Authors: Kok Kahhoong , Mohd Sidek Lariyah , Jung Kwansue , Kim Joo-Cheol
Published: March 2018

The main purpose of this study is to propose a methodology for identifying vulnerable regions in the Cameron Highlands that are susceptible to soil loss, based on runoff aggregation structure and the energy expenditure pattern of the natural river basin, within the framework of power law distribution. To this end, three geomorphologic factors, namely shear stress and stream power, as well as the drainage area of every point in the basin of interest, have been extracted using GIS, and then their complementary cumulative distributions are graphically analyzed by fitting them to power law distribution, with the purpose of identifying the sensitive points within the basin that are susceptible to soil loss with respect to scaling regimes of shear stress and stream power. It is observed that the range of vulnerable regions by the scaling regime of shear stress is much narrower than by the scaling regime of stream power. This result seems to suggest that shear stress is a scale-dependent factor, which does not follow power law distribution and does not adequately reflect the energy expenditure pattern of a river basin. Therefore, stream power is preferred as a more reasonable factor for the evaluation of soil loss. The methodology proposed in this study can be validated by visualizing the path of soil loss, which is generated from the hillslope process (characterized by the local slope) to the valley through a fluvial process (characterized by the drainage area as well as the local slope).
Morphogenesis of a Floodplain as a Criterion for Assessing the Susceptibility to Water Pollution in an Agriculturally Rich Valley of a Lowland River
Authors: Sieczka Anna , Bujakowski Filip , Falkowski Tomasz , Koda Eugeniusz
Published: March 2018

This study presents the results of the influence of the specific geological landforms occurring in a lowland river floodplain on the recharge and drainage conditions in an agricultural area. Particular attention has been paid to the presence of the buried erosional channels of flood waters, which may constitute the preferential paths for migration of agricultural contaminants. Moreover, the changes of effective infiltration which affect the hydrogeological regime of the tested area were analyzed. Priority was also given to the use of laboratory techniques in order to determine the parameters influencing the contaminant migration in the soil-water environment for the purpose of hydrogeological modeling. Laboratory tests, based on a column experiment, were performed in a Trautwein apparatus with reference to the constant head procedure, using conservative and reactive markers. The parameters of advection, dispersion, and sorption, obtained in the laboratory experiment were then used as the input data for the hydrodynamic model of groundwater flow and contaminant migration in the research area. Based on the created digital model of groundwater flow, the multi-variant analysis of the effect of specific geological features on the conditions of contaminant transport in a valley was performed. The presented tools and methods contributed to a significant increase in the accuracy of recognizing zones susceptible to water pollution and should be adopted in other valley areas exposed to contamination.
Nanoscopic Zero-Valent Iron Supported on MgO for Lead Removal from Waters
Authors: Siciliano Alessio , Limonti Carlo
Published: March 2018

Lead is one of the most toxic heavy metals that can create a severe risk to water ecosystem health. Zero-valent iron is an effective material for Pb2+ removal treatments. In particular, nanoscopic zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles are characterized by high reaction rates; nevertheless, their utilization in water and groundwater remediation techniques requires further investigations. Indeed, it is necessary to define effective methods able to avoid the drawbacks due to the aggregation tendency of nanoparticles and their potential uncontrolled transport in groundwater. In this work, nZVI was supported on magnesium oxide grains (MgO_nZVI) to synthesize an alternative material for lead removal from aqueous solutions. Many experiments were conducted under several operating conditions in order to analyze the effectiveness of the produced material in Pb2+ abatement. The performance of MgO_nZVI was also compared with those detected using commercial microscopic Fe0 (mZVI) as a reactive material. The experimental findings showed a much greater reactivity of the supported nanoscopic iron particles. By means of a kinetic analysis of batch tests results, it was verified that, both for MgO_nZVI and mZVI, the lead abatement follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic law. The reaction rates were affected by the initial pH of the treatment solution and by the ratio between the Fe0 amount and initial lead concentration. The efficiency of MgO_nZVI in a continuous test was steadily around 97.5% for about 1000 exchanged pore volumes (PV) of reactive material, while by using mZVI, the lead removal was approximately 88% for about 600 PV. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy EDS analyses suggested the formation of typical iron corrosion products and the presence of metallic lead Pb0 and Pb2+ compounds on exhausted materials.
Analysis of the role of copper impregnated composite hard surfaces, bed linens and patient gowns in reducing healthcare-associated infection rates
Authors: Burke Gene H , Butler Jacqueline P
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of copper-impregnated composite hard surfaces, bed linens and patient gowns on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). We took in account potentially confounding factors of new construction and Det Norse Veritas Managing Infection Risk (DNV MIR) certification to mitigate risk of HAIs, multi drug resistant organisms (MDRO) and Clostridium difficile HAIs. The study was conducted in the acute care units from three hospitals within a regional healthcare system and these were assessed retrospectively. Facility 1 and Facility 2 shared the circumstance of new construction. Facility 1 and Facility 3 shared the processes of DNV-MIR. Only Facility 1 undertook the intervention of copper-impregnated hard surfaces, bed linens and patient gowns. We compared infection rates (IR) following their normalization per 10,000 patient hospitalization days before and after complete implementation of copper-impregnated composite hard surfaces, bed linens and patient gowns. Facility 1 had a 28% reduction in total C. difficile and MDRO IR, while Facilities 2 and 3 had 103% and 48% increases in total IR respectively. Although the rate changes per facility were not statistically significantly changed from baseline (p>0.05), there was consistent divergence between the IR at the copper enabled facility and the others. As this divergence occurred when other pertinent factors were constant between them, including new construction and new processes for mitigation of infection risks, these outcomes support the contention that copper-impregnated linens and composite hard surfaces were shown to reduce HAI rates.
Single-crystalline FeCo nanoparticle-filled carbon nanotubes: synthesis, structural characterization and magnetic properties
Authors: Ghunaim Rasha , Scholz Maik , Damm Christine , Rellinghaus Bernd , Klingeler Rüdiger , Büchner Bernd , Mertig Michael , Hampel Silke
Published: March 2018

In the present work, we demonstrate different synthesis procedures for filling carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with equimolar binary nanoparticles of the type Fe–Co. The CNTs act as templates for the encapsulation of magnetic nanoparticles and provide a protective shield against oxidation as well as prevent nanoparticle agglomeration. By variation of the reaction parameters, we were able to tailor the sample purity, degree of filling, the composition and size of the filling particles, and therefore, the magnetic properties. The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Fe–Co-filled CNTs show significant enhancement in the coercive field as compared to the corresponding bulk material, which make them excellent candidates for several applications such as magnetic storage devices.
Volatiles from the xylarialean fungus Hypoxylon invadens
Authors: Dickschat Jeroen S , Wang Tao , Stadler Marc
Published: March 2018

The volatiles emitted by agar plate cultures of the xylarialean fungus Hypoxylon invadens were investigated by use of a closed loop stripping apparatus in combination with GC–MS. Several aromatic compounds were found that could only be identified by comparison to all possible constitutional isomers with different ring substitution patterns. For the set of identified compounds a plausible biosynthetic scheme was suggested that gives further support for the assigned structures.
Resequencing of Common Bean Identifies Regions of Inter–Gene Pool Introgression and Provides Comprehensive Resources for Molecular Breeding
Authors: Lobaton Juan David , Miller Tamara , Gil Juanita , Ariza Daniel , de la Hoz Juan Fernando , Soler Alvaro , Beebe Steve , Duitama Jorge , Gepts Paul , Raatz Bodo
Published: March 2018

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume for human consumption and is a major nutrition source in the tropics. Because bean production is reduced by both abiotic and biotic constraints, current breeding efforts are focused on the development of improved varieties with tolerance to these stresses. We characterized materials from different breeding programs spanning three continents to understand their sequence diversity and advance the development of molecular breeding tools. For this, 37 varieties belonging to P. vulgaris, Phaseolus acutifolius (A. Gray), and Phaseolus coccineus L. were sequenced by whole‐genome sequencing, identifying more than 40 million genomic variants. Evaluation of nuclear DNA content and analysis of copy number variation revealed important differences in genomic content not only between P. vulgaris and the two other domesticated Phaseolus species, but also within P. vulgaris, affecting hundreds of protein‐coding genomic regions. A large number of inter–gene pool introgressions were identified. Furthermore, interspecific introgressions for disease resistance in breeding lines were mapped. Evaluation of newly developed single nucleotide polymorphism markers within previously discovered quantitative trait loci for common bacterial blight and angular leaf spot provides improved specificity to tag sources of resistance to these diseases. We expect that this dataset will provide a deeper molecular understanding of breeding germplasm and deliver molecular tools for germplasm development, aiming to increase the efficiency of bean breeding programs.
URAT South Parallax Results
Authors: Finch Charlie T. , Zacharias Norbert , Jao Wei-Chun
Published: March 2018

We present 916 trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of newly discovered nearby stars from the United States Naval Observatory Robotic Astrometric Telescope (URAT). Observations were taken at the Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory over a 2-year period from 2015 to 2017 October covering the entire sky south of about +25° decl. SPM4 and UCAC4 early epoch catalog data were added to extend the temporal coverage for the parallax and proper motion fit up to 48 years. Using these new URAT parallaxes, optical and near-IR photometry from the AAVSO Photometric All-Sky Survey and Two Micron All-Sky Survey catalogs, we identify possible new nearby dwarfs, young stars, low-metallicity subdwarfs and white dwarfs. Comparison to known trigonometric parallaxes shows a high quality of the URAT-based results confirming the error in parallax of the URAT south parallaxes reported here to be between 2 and 13 mas. We also include additional 729 trigonometric parallaxes from the URAT north 25 pc sample published in Finch & Zacharias here after applying the same criterion as for the southern sample to have a complete URAT 25 pc sample presented in this paper.
K2-231 b: A Sub-Neptune Exoplanet Transiting a Solar Twin in Ruprecht 147
Authors: Curtis Jason Lee , Vanderburg Andrew , Torres Guillermo , Kraus Adam L. , Huber Daniel , Mann Andrew W. , Rizzuto Aaron C. , Isaacson Howard , Howard Andrew W. , Henze Christopher E. , Fulton Benjamin J. , Wright Jason T.
Published: March 2018

We identify a sub-Neptune exoplanet (R

p
 = 2.5 ± 0.2

) transiting a solar twin in the Ruprecht 147 star cluster (3 Gyr, 300 pc, [Fe/H] = +0.1 dex). The ∼81 day light curve for EPIC 219800881 (V = 12.71) from K2 Campaign 7 shows six transits with a period of 13.84 days, a depth of ∼0.06%, and a duration of ∼4 hr. Based on our analysis of high-resolution MIKE spectra, broadband optical and NIR photometry, the cluster parallax and interstellar reddening, and isochrone models from PARSEC, Dartmouth, and MIST, we estimate the following properties for the host star: M
⋆ = 1.01 ± 0.03 

, R
⋆ = 0.95 ± 0.03 

, and

 = 5695 ± 50 K. This star appears to be single based on our modeling of the photometry, the low radial velocity (RV) variability measured over nearly 10 yr, and Keck/NIRC2 adaptive optics imaging and aperture-masking interferometry. Applying a probabilistic mass–radius relation, we estimate that the mass of this planet is M

p
 = 7 + 5 – 3

, which would cause an RV semi-amplitude of K = 2 ± 1

 that may be measurable with existing precise RV facilities. After statistically validating this planet with BLENDER, we now designate it K2-231b, making it the second substellar object to be discovered in Ruprecht 147 and the first planet; it joins the small but growing ranks of 22 other planets and three candidates found in open clusters.
Isotropic–Nematic Phase Transitions in Gravitational Systems. II. Higher Order Multipoles
Authors: Takács Ádám , Kocsis Bence
Published: March 2018

The gravitational interaction among bodies orbiting in a spherical potential leads to the rapid relaxation of the orbital planes’ distribution, a process called vector resonant relaxation. We examine the statistical equilibrium of this process for a system of bodies with similar semimajor axes and eccentricities. We extend the previous model of Roupas et al. by accounting for the multipole moments beyond the quadrupole, which dominate the interaction for radially overlapping orbits. Nevertheless, we find no qualitative differences between the behavior of the system with respect to the model restricted to the quadrupole interaction. The equilibrium distribution resembles a counterrotating disk at low temperature and a spherical structure at high temperature. The system exhibits a first-order phase transition between the disk and the spherical phase in the canonical ensemble if the total angular momentum is below a critical value. We find that the phase transition erases the high-order multipoles, i.e., small-scale structure in angular momentum space, most efficiently. The system admits a maximum entropy and a maximum energy, which lead to the existence of negative temperature equilibria.
Statistics of “Cold” Early Impulsive Solar Flares in X-Ray and Microwave Domains
Authors: Lysenko Alexandra L. , Altyntsev Alexander T. , Meshalkina Natalia S. , Zhdanov Dmitriy , Fleishman Gregory D.
Published: March 2018

Solar flares often happen after a preflare/preheating phase, which is almost or entirely thermal. In contrast, there are the so-called early impulsive flares that do not show a (significant) preflare heating, but instead often show the Neupert effect—a relationship where the impulsive phase is followed by a gradual, cumulative-like, thermal response. This has been interpreted as a dominance of nonthermal energy release at the impulsive phase, even though a similar phenomenology is expected if the thermal and nonthermal energies are released in comparable amounts at the impulsive phase. Nevertheless, some flares do show a good quantitative correspondence between the nonthermal electron energy input and plasma heating; in such cases, the thermal response was weak, which results in them being called “cold” flares. We undertook a systematic search for such events among early impulsive flares registered by the Konus-Wind instrument in the triggered mode from 11/1994 to 4/2017, and selected 27 cold flares based on relationships between hard X-ray (HXR) (Konus-Wind) and soft X-ray (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) emission. For these events, we put together all available microwave data from different instruments. We obtained temporal and spectral parameters of HXR and microwave emissions of the events and examined correlations between them. We found that, compared to a “mean” flare, the cold flares: (i) are weaker, shorter, and harder in the X-ray domain; (ii) are harder and shorter, but not weaker in the microwaves; (iii) have a significantly higher spectral peak frequencies in the microwaves. We discuss the possible physical reasons for these distinctions and implication of the finding.
Deriving the Contribution of Blazars to the Fermi-LAT Extragalactic γ-ray Background at E > 10 GeV with Efficiency Corrections and Photon Statistics
Authors: Di Mauro M. , Manconi S. , Zechlin H.-S. , Ajello M. , Charles E. , Donato F.
Published: March 2018

The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) Collaboration has recently released the Third Catalog of Hard Fermi-LAT Sources (3FHL), which contains 1556 sources detected above 10 GeV with seven years of Pass 8 data. Building upon the 3FHL results, we investigate the flux distribution of sources at high Galactic latitudes (

), which are mostly blazars. We use two complementary techniques: (1) a source-detection efficiency correction method and (2) an analysis of pixel photon count statistics with the one-point probability distribution function (1pPDF). With the first method, using realistic Monte Carlo simulations of the γ-ray sky, we calculate the efficiency of the LAT to detect point sources. This enables us to find the intrinsic source-count distribution at photon fluxes down to 7.5 × 10−12 ph cm−2 s−1. With this method, we detect a flux break at (3.5 ± 0.4) × 10−11 ph cm−2 s−1 with a significance of at least 5.4σ. The power-law indexes of the source-count distribution above and below the break are 2.09 ± 0.04 and 1.07 ± 0.27, respectively. This result is confirmed with the 1pPDF method, which has a sensitivity reach of ∼10−11 ph cm−2 s−1. Integrating the derived source-count distribution above the sensitivity of our analysis, we find that (42 ± 8)% of the extragalactic γ-ray background originates from blazars.
SED Constraints on the Highest-z Blazar Jet: QSO J0906+6930
Authors: An Hongjun , Romani Roger W.
Published: March 2018

We report on Gemini, NuSTAR, and eight years of Fermi observations of the most distant blazar QSO J0906+6930 (z = 5.48). We construct a broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) and model the SED using a synchro-Compton model. The measurements yield a mass of ∼4 × 109
M
⊙ for the black hole and a spectral break at ∼4 keV in the combined fit of the new NuSTAR and archival Chandra data. The SED fitting constrains the bulk Doppler factor δ of the jet to 9+2.5
−3 for QSO J0906+6930. Similar, but weaker, constraints on δ are derived from SED modeling of the three other claimed z > 5 blazars. Together, these extrapolate to ∼620 similar sources, fully 20% of the optically bright, high-mass active galactic nuclei expected at 5 < z < 5.5. This has interesting implications for the early growth of massive black holes.
Une analyse de la participation de l’industrie des télécommunications au « due process » de l’IASB à l’aune de la théorie de la traduction
Authors: Kohler Hervé , Le Manh Anne
Published: March 2018

Si de nombreuses études ont été menées sur la participation au processus de consultation formelle des parties prenantes de l’IASB, le due process , peu d’entre elles se sont intéressées aux stratégies mises en œuvre par un acteur ou un groupe d’acteurs pour influer sur les décisions du normalisateur. C’est l’objet de notre recherche. Notre travail s’articule autour d’une étude de cas relative à la participation de l’industrie des télécommunications au due processus de la norme IFRS 15 pour laquelle nous mobilisons la théorie de la traduction. Ce cadre nous permet d’organiser la description des événements intervenus et de mettre en perspective les rôles essentiels des porte-parole et des actants non-humains tels que le cadre conceptuel de l’IASB.
L’identité négative de l’auditeur
Authors: Jerman Lambert , Bourgoin Alaric
Published: March 2018

Dans cet article, nous développons la conception d’une identité « négative » de l’auditeur pour comprendre le travail identitaire dans les cabinets du Big Four. L’identité négative ne sert pas à la critique d’un métier. Elle décrit l’ensemble des pratiques et des discours par lesquels le praticien se construit en « bon professionnel » dans un rapport pressant et continu à ses faiblesses. Au moyen d’une étude ethnographique de six mois, nous montrons que l’identité négative se structure autour de l’expérience, de la confession, et de l’administration de ses faiblesses par l’auditeur. Ces trois ensembles de pratiques et de discours permettent de comprendre une partie méconnue du travail identitaire de l’auditeur et d’analyser comment les difficultés qu’il rencontre sur le terrain, participent à la mise en cohérence de son identité personnelle et de son identité sociale.
La professionnalisation des coordonnateurs : des voies multiples et paradoxales
Authors: Fondeville Florence , Ranchin Bruno
Published: March 2018

La fonction de coordination apparaît prise dans des injonctions fortes qui conduisent les coordonnateurs à évoluer dans des espaces multiples. Dans ce contexte, nous défendons la nécessité de considérer la coordination comme une courroie de transmission entre les professionnels, les activités, les projets ; comme une fonction transversale. Nous proposons de penser la formation des coordonnateurs à partir du prisme du réel de l’activité (du travail en train de se faire) et du collectif comme espace d’innovation et de transformation possible.
Professionnalisation : le caferuis en question ?
Authors: Derrien Marie-Laure
Published: March 2018

Cet article analyse le désir d’évoluer et de se professionnaliser vers un caferuis autour d’une question fondamentale : pourquoi et jusqu’où suis-je prêt à aller pour exercer mon métier de cadre intermédiaire ? C’est dans le cadre de la formation que le futur cadre va pouvoir s’affirmer, se positionner, muer pour changer de posture, et trouver sa propre trajectoire. Contribuer à la fabrique de cadres, c’est être en phase avec trois logiques : le cadre formatif lié au référentiel professionnel, l’organisation qualifiante comme organisation apprenante lors du stage, le soutien du futur cadre dans son insertion professionnelle.
Des espaces pour penser le quotidien
Authors: Michelet Coutama Danielle
Published: March 2018

La quotidienneté comme support de formation. Cet article propose de repenser les espaces d’activités pour en faire des lieux auto-formatifs à la fois pour les professionnels mais aussi pour les usagers. Penser un faire ensemble, c’est avant tout penser un cadre dans lequel on se risque à la différence mais surtout à la ressemblance. La relation est parfois mise à mal et reste pourtant l’enjeu majeur des pratiques sociales et éducatives, il faut alors penser des brèches dans les espaces institutionnels pour rendre possible la rencontre.
Construire les professionnels par la pratique distanciée
Authors: Chobeaux François
Published: March 2018

La professionnalité des jeunes éducateurs est mise à mal par des formations portant essentiellement sur la formation théorique, les stages étant découplés des contenus de formation et ne les alimentant que très peu. Une autre logique est possible avec un centrage sur la découverte des pratiques de terrain, accompagnée par des séquences de formation articulées avec les questions rencontrées. Cela nécessite des stages longs et de qualité, et des formateurs qui articulent leurs apports avec les questions rencontrées dans la pratique.
La formation professionnelle continue en mutation
Authors: Thob Anne-Marie
Published: March 2018

Aujourd’hui, une dichotomie entre les attentes des employeurs et celles des professionnels de terrain apparaît en ce qui concerne la formation professionnelle continue. Un retour sur ses fondements, et ceux du métier d’éducateur spécialisé, amène à comprendre l’actualité de ce sujet. Les éducateurs doivent connaître les transformations et ce qu’elles engendrent, afin de ne pas les subir mais de s’en saisir pour continuer à participer à l’évolution du travail social et lui conserver ses attributs.
L’accueil dans le champ sanitaire et social en France et au Brésil : un analyseur d’une professionnalité en souffrance
Authors: Rougerie Corinne , Carvalho Romagnoli Roberta , Fortuna Cinira Magali
Published: March 2018

L’accueil dans le champ sanitaire et social, au Brésil et en France, est un analyseur de la souffrance au travail qui permet de comprendre les contradictions des institutions, à partir des références de l’analyse institutionnelle. Cette pratique est souvent réduite à ses aspects géographique, économique, socioculturel, fonctionnel. Mais le quotidien des services sous-entend pourtant une réorientation individualisée des actions, une pratique de responsabilité de l’équipe avec la promotion de l’intégration des connaissances et des pratiques. Au-delà de la souffrance produite par la difficulté d’accueillir physiquement du public, cette fonction qui place le salarié au front de la relation sociale montre une autre forme de souffrance inhérente à la place occupée par le travailleur lui-même face à un service de plus en plus standardisé.
Résistance et mémoire. L’artisanat secret des camps soviétiques
Authors: Čepaitienė Auksuolė , Muller Sylvie
Published: March 2018

La mémoire tend à être matérialisée par des choses qui forment un tout objectif et représentent des personnes et leur vie. Tout en étant individuelle, cette mémoire objectivée donne corps à une histoire nationale, à ses récits et images collectives. Cet article montre que la création d’objets d’artisanat, à la fois acte de mémoire et acte de résistance patriotique, aide les prisonniers politiques à traverser indemnes la déportation et la captivité. Ces objets, fabriqués en secret dans les camps soviétiques entre 1941 et 1956 constituent, avec leur histoire, le terrain empirique de cette étude.
Transnationalisme et fragmentation identitaire. La citoyenneté culturelle et le capital social postsocialiste des migrants lituaniens aux États-Unis
Authors: Čiubrinskas Vytis , Muller Sylvie
Published: March 2018

La migration massive depuis l’Europe de l’Est (la Pologne, les pays baltes, les Balkans) vers l’Occident fait partie de cette transformation postsocialiste qui crée des « réalités nouvelles », une extension de l’espace ouvert à des pratiques individuelles et familiales, mais aussi au déploiement d’une différence culturelle et d’un capital social propre. Cet article s’appuie sur une enquête ethnographique menée à Chicago en 2013 parmi des immigrés de Lituanie et d’autres pays est-européens. Il aborde le transnationalisme de deux points de vue : l’ethnicisation et la citoyenneté culturelle, d’une part, et, de l’autre, le réseautage interethnique en tant qu’héritage postsocialiste. L’auteur plaide pour approcher au plus près du terrain ce phénomène complexe qu’est le transnationalisme, qui a ouvert un nouveau réseau de relations intra et interethniques chez les Européens de l’Est immigrés aux États-Unis, en particulier les Lituaniens.
Oh tout finir ? Sur le motif de la disparition dans Je m’en vais , de Jean Echenoz
Authors: Mével Yann
Published: March 2018

Le titre de cet article renvoie aux derniers mots de Soubresauts , de Beckett, de manière à poser la question de ce qui rapproche et différencie les imaginaires de Beckett et d’Echenoz dans leur rapport à la disparition. Le roman d’Echenoz Je m’en vais met à l’épreuve le personnage en tant que tel, tant l’errance sentimentale donne à voir la perte d’une énergie vitale, l’indécision et l’indifférence, l’ambivalence plutôt que la capacité à se métamorphoser. Le personnage principal, toujours fuyant, échappe dans une certaine mesure à la mélancolie, mais non à une peur obsessionnelle du vide.
Sculpteur et femme : Félicie de Fauveau (1801-1886) et la transgression des genres
Authors: Caron Mathieu
Published: March 2018

Cette étude consacrée à Félicie de Fauveau, femme sculpteur et légitimiste exilée à Florence, s’attache à analyser et à comprendre les imbrications entre la vie et l’œuvre de l’artiste d’une part, les assignations de genre faites la société et le monde de l’art d’autre part. Conçu comme une étude de cas, cet article repose sur l’étude des sources contemporaines de l’artiste afin de rendre compte des réactions soulevées par sa trajectoire socio-professionnelle. En transgressant les normes sociales de son temps – aristocrate célibataire, sculpteur professionnel, chef du foyer familial, femme de convictions politiques – l’artiste s’approprie des droits traditionnellement réservés aux hommes. Préraphaélite avant l’heure, elle se voit reconnaître des qualités esthétiques par le milieu artistique, mais sa condition féminine et sa formation ne lui permettent pas d’accéder à la reconnaissance en tant que statuaire, à l’égal des hommes, et la cantonnent à un art mineur.
De l’art de la mystification dans Le Spleen de Paris : pour une « explication syphilitique » des « Yeux des pauvres »
Authors: Cagnat-Debœuf Constance
Published: March 2018

Que « Les Yeux des pauvres » relève de la mystification poétique, on ne saurait en douter tant se devine, dans le procès pour insensibilité que le narrateur intente à sa maîtresse, l’œuvre de la mauvaise foi. Aussi se propose-t-on d’interroger le récit de cette soirée pour tenter d’y découvrir la secrète raison de la rupture des amants. L’hypothèse ici avancée est qu’elle réside dans la jalousie du narrateur qui voit la femme échapper au mal dont lui-même souffre : la syphilis. L’ensemble du poème est interprété comme une variation sur cette « lèpre des temps modernes », dont semblent atteints aussi bien les pauvres que le narrateur et dont le café parisien apparaît comme une saisissante allégorie. Mais derrière la dénonciation de cette cruelle réalité, c’est aussi une réflexion sur l’entreprise poétique qu’engage le poème, qui fait de la contagion une métaphore de l’interprétation.
Les mots du travail : analyse des thématiques de recherche publiées dans Le travail humain de 1933 à 2016
Authors: Cuvillier Bruno , Bouzid Sofiane , Bobillier-Chaumon Marc-Éric , Laneyrie Elsa , Rouat Sabrina , Sarnin Philippe
Published: March 2018

Les résumés des articles scientifiques publiés dans la revue Le Travail humain depuis 1933, date de sa création, constituent un matériau sur lequel nous nous sommes appuyés pour tenter de saisir l’évolution des thématiques abordées. Nous nous sommes penchés sur l’analyse des 1665 publications scientifiques afin d’en extraire l’essence en termes de thématiques de recherches abordées et comprendre les dynamiques scientifiques et les orientations thématiques de la revue. Premièrement, nous avons analysé les points communs et les spécificités des publications dans les différentes éditions de la revue ainsi que les principales différences entre les éditions consécutives. Puis nous nous sommes intéressés à la façon dont les publications s’articulent autour des thématiques extraites et sur lesquelles nous avons essayé de visualiser une approximation sémantique. Enfin, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’évolution des thématiques depuis la création de cette revue jusqu’à l’édition 2016.
Through the Eyes of Nurse Managers in Long-Term Care: Identifying Perceived Competencies and Skills
Authors: Dever Kathleen H.
Published: March 2018

Nurse managers (NMs) in long-term care supervise health care services for individuals with high acuity levels and numerous comorbidities. There is minimal research identifying NMs' skills and competencies as unit leaders within the long-term care environment. The current mixed-methods study identified NMs' leadership skills and competencies. Nineteen NMs with ≥5 years' long-term care management experience completed the Nurse Manager Inventory Tool and were individually interviewed. They rated their clinical skills at the competent level and their financial/strategic management skills at the novice level. All other skill categories, including leadership reflective practice, diversity, human resource leadership/management, relationship management, performance improvement, and problem solving, were rated at a competent level. Emergent interview qualitative themes included their visibility on the unit, trial and error learning, a sense of “aloneness” due to the absence of other RNs, NM position being a tough job, need for peer support, role modeling, and importance of supporting the resident through their “final journey.” [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 44
(5), 32–38.]
Leadership in Nursing Homes: Directors of Nursing Aligning Practice With Regulations
Authors: Siegel Elena O. , Bettega Kristen , Bakerjian Debra , Sikma Suzanne
Published: March 2018

Nursing homes use team nursing, with minimal RN presence, leaving the majority of direct care to licensed practical/vocational nurses (LPNs/LVNs) and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP), including medication aides. The current article describes challenges faced by nursing home directors of nursing (DONs) leading and managing a team nursing approach, including consideration of scope of practice, delegation and supervision regulations, and related policy implications. A secondary data analysis was performed of qualitative data from a study to develop and test DON guidelines for delegation in nursing home practice. A convenience sample (
N
= 29) of current or previous DONs and other nursing home leaders with knowledge and expertise in the DON role participated in in-depth, guided interviews. The findings highlight a core concern to nursing licensure policy and regulation: knowledge and practice gaps related to scope of practice and delegation and supervision among DONs, RNs, and LPNs/LVNs, as well as administrators, and the role of nursing leaders in supporting appropriate delegation practices. The findings offer directions for research and practice in addressing challenges in aligning team nursing practices with regulatory standards as well as the related gaps in knowledge among DONs, administrators, and nursing staff. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 44
(6), 10–14.]
Psychopharmacology for Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Limandri Barbara J.
Published: March 2018

Treating individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex and challenging process fraught with clinician stigma and bias. Clinically, polypharmacy is the most common approach, even though it is more likely to produce greater drug–drug adverse effects and interactions than effective improvement in symptoms. Currently, there are no approved medications specific for the treatment of BPD. The current article reviews the extant literature on psychopharmacology and provides treatment recommendations. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 56
(4), 8–11.]
The role of long non-coding RNAs in cardiac development and disease
Authors: García-Padilla Carlos , Aránega Amelia , Franco Diego
Published: March 2018

Cells display a set of RNA molecules at one time point, reflecting thus the cellular transcriptional steady state, configuring therefore its transcriptome. It is basically composed of two different classes of RNA molecules; protein-coding RNAs (cRNAs) and protein non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Sequencing of the human genome and subsequently the ENCODE project identified that more than 80% of the genome is transcribed in some type of RNA. Importantly, only 3% of these transcripts correspond to protein-coding RNAs, pointing that ncRNAs are as important or even more as cRNAs. ncRNAs have pivotal roles in development, differentiation and disease. Non-coding RNAs can be classified into two distinct classes according to their length; i.e., small (<200 nt) and long (>200 nt) noncoding RNAs. The structure, biogenesis and functional roles of small non-coding RNA have been widely studied, particularly for microRNAs (miRNAs). In contrast to microRNAs, our current understanding of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is limited. In this manuscript, we provide state-of-the art review of the functional roles of long non-coding RNAs during cardiac development as well as an overview of the emerging role of these ncRNAs in distinct cardiac diseases.
Iron-oxide and alkali-calcic alteration ore systems and their polymetallic IOA, IOCG, skarn, albitite-hosted U±Au±Co, and affiliated deposits: a short course series. Part 2: overview of deposit types, distribution, ages, settings, alteration facies, and ore deposit
models
Authors: Corriveau L , Potter E G , Montreuil J
-F , Blein O , Ehrig K , De Toni A F
Published: March 2018

Part 2 of the short course series reviews the deposit types, classification, distribution, ages, settings, alteration facies and ore deposit models of iron oxide and related alkali?calcic alteration ore systems. These systems include iron oxide copper?gold (IOCG)
deposits and their Co? and Bi?rich variants, iron oxide-apatite (IOA) deposits and their rare?earth element?rich variants, some albitite-hosted U and Au?Co?U deposits, Mo?Re deposits and polymetallic skarn deposits. The course also discusses the continuum with epithermal systems and polymetallic
vein deposits. Two main examples are used, the systems from the Great Bear magmatic zone in Canada and the Olympic Dam deposit in Australia.
The main references for this chapter include Hitzman et al. (1992), Hitzman (2000), Williams et al. (2005, 2010), Oliver et al. (2006), Corriveau (2007, 2017a, b), Corriveau and Mumin (2010), Corriveau et al. (2010a, b, 2016, 2017, in press a?h), Mumin et al. (2007, 2010), Porter (2010a, b), Rusk et
al. (2010), Skirrow (2010), Williams (2010a, b), Montreuil et al. (2013, 2015, 2016a, b), Ehrig et al. (2012, 2017); Barton (2014) and Richards et al. (2017).
Lessons from the pilot of a mobile application to map assistive technology suppliers in Africa
Authors: Visagie Surona J. , Matter Rebecca , Kayange George M. , Chiwaula Mussa , Harniss Mark , Mji Gubela , Scheffler Elsje
Published: March 2018

A pilot project to develop and implement a mobile smartphone application (App) that tracks and maps assistive technology (AT) availability in southern Africa was launched in Botswana in 2016. The App was developed and tested through an iterative process. The concept of the App (AT-Info-Map) was well received by most stakeholders within the pilot country, and broader networks.Several technical and logistical obstacles were encountered. These included high data costs; difficulty in accessing AT information from the public healthcare sector, the largest supplier of AT; and the high human resource demand of collecting and keeping up-to-date device-level information within a complex and fragmented supply sector that spans private, public and civil society entities. The challenges were dealt with by keeping the data burden low and eliminating product-level tracking. The App design was expanded to include disability services, contextually specific AT categories and make navigation more intuitive.Long-term sustainability strategies like generating funding through advertisements on the App or supplier usage fees must be explored. Outreach and sensitisation programmes about both the App and AT in general must be intensified. The project team must continually strengthen partnerships with private and public stakeholders to ensure ongoing project engagement. The lessons learnt might be of value to others who wish to embark on initiatives in AT and/or implement Apps in health or disability in southern Africa and in low-resourced settings around the world.
An investigation whether the deputy president of the African National Congress can be the successor to the president during the National Elective Conference
Authors: Musitha Mavhungu E. , Mafukata Mavhungu A.
Published: March 2018

This is a qualitative study which investigated whether the deputy president of the African National Congress (ANC) can be the heir and elected president in the December 2017 elective conference. The study found that the deputy president is not the heir to the position of the president but that anybody can be elected to the position in terms of the existing constitution. The study also found that while the ANC has a constitution that prescribes how members are elected to positions, it is open to manipulation by those who wish to position their preferred comrades. The ANC does not have a clear policy or procedure to decide who succeeds to the presidency. This lack of policy has led to infighting among the comrades along factional lines as they seek to capture the soul of the ANC. The study found that most former liberation ruling parties such as ZANU–PF and the South West African People’s Organisation are faced with the same challenge. The Chinese Communist Party has faced and overcome this challenge by formulating a clear policy and procedure on who becomes the president or leader of the party. The study recommends that the ANC should formulate clear policies and regulations to define and determine who becomes its president.
Intrinsic vulnerability assessment of shallow aquifers of the sedimentary basin of southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Oke Saheed A. , Vermeulen Danie , Gomo Modreck
Published: March 2018

The shallow groundwater of the multi-layered sedimentary basin aquifer of southwestern Nigeria was assessed based on its intrinsic vulnerability property. The vulnerability evaluation involves determining the protective cover and infiltration condition of the unsaturated zone in the basin. This was achieved using the PI (P stands for protective cover effectiveness of the overlying lithology and I indicates the degree of infiltration bypass) vulnerability method of the European vulnerability approach. The PI method specifically measures the protection cover and the degree to which the protective cover is bypassed. Intrinsic parameters assessed were the subsoil, lithology, topsoil, recharge and fracturing for the protective cover. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of topsoil, infiltration processes and the lateral surface and subsurface flow were evaluated for the infiltration bypassed. The results show moderate to very low vulnerability areas. Low vulnerability areas were characterised by lithology with massive sandstone and limestone, subsoils of sandy loam texture, high slopes and high depth to water table. The moderate vulnerability areas were characterised by high rainfall and high recharge, low water table, unconsolidated sandstones and alluvium lithology. The intrinsic vulnerability properties shown in vulnerability maps will be a useful tool in planning and monitoring land use activities that can be of impact in groundwater pollution.