bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crizotinib in Combination With Chemotherapy for Pediatric Patients With ALK+ Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma: The Results of Children's Oncology Group Trial ANHL12P1
Authors: Lowe Eric J. , Reilly Anne F. , Lim Megan S. , Gross Thomas G. , Saguilig Lauren , Barkauskas Donald A. , Wu Rui , Alexander Sarah , Bollard Catherine M.
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE

Arm crizotinib (CZ) of the Children's Oncology Group trial ANHL12P1 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01979536 ) examined the efficacy and toxicity of adding CZ to standard chemotherapy for children with newly diagnosed, nonlocalized ALK+ CD30+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Between 2013 and 2019, 66 enrolled children received CZ with chemotherapy. Patients received a 5-day prophase followed by six chemotherapy cycles at 21-day intervals with CZ administered twice daily during each 21-day cycle. The study was temporarily closed for two periods (total 12 months) to evaluate toxicity, during which CZ was discontinued. Measurements of NPM-ALK fusion transcripts in peripheral blood were performed at diagnosis for minimal disseminated disease (MDD).

RESULTS

The 2-year event-free survival (EFS) is 76.8% (95% CI, 68.5 to 88.1) and the 2-year overall survival is 95.2% (95% CI, 85.7 to 98.4). Fifteen patients relapsed and one patient died; median time to relapse was 7.4 months from diagnosis, with relapses occurring after chemotherapy was complete. The 66 patients completed 384 cycles of chemotherapy. Thirteen of the 66 patients experienced a grade 2+ thromboembolic adverse event (19.7%; 95% CI, 11.1 to 31.3). In the 25 patients who received mandated prophylactic anticoagulation, there were two thromboembolic events (8.0%; 95% CI, 0.01 to 26). Patients with negative MDD had a superior outcome, with an EFS of 85.6% (95% CI, 68.6 to 93.8); positive MDD was associated with a lower EFS of 58.1% (95% CI, 33.4 to 76.4).

CONCLUSION

Arm CZ of ANHL12P1 demonstrated that the addition of CZ to standard treatment prevented relapses during therapy for children with ALCL, MDD predicted EFS, and the addition of CZ resulted in unexpected thromboembolic events. Overall survival and EFS rates are consistent with the highest reported outcomes for children with ALCL.
Therapy for Stage IV Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Without Driver Alterations: ASCO Living Guideline, Version 2022.2
Authors: Owen Dwight H. , Singh Navneet , Ismaila Nofisat , Blanchard Elizabeth , Celano Paul , Florez Narjust , Jain Dharamvir , Leighl Natasha B. , Mamdani Hirva , Masters Gregory , Moffitt Pamela R. , Naidoo Jarushka , Phillips Tanyanika , Riely Gregory J. , Robinson Andrew G. , Schenk Erin , Schneider Bryan J. , Sequist Lecia , Spigel David R. , Jaiyesimi Ishmael A.
Published: December 2022

Living guidelines are developed for selected topic areas with rapidly evolving evidence that drives frequent change in recommended clinical practice. Living guidelines are updated on a regular schedule by a standing expert panel that systematically reviews the health literature on a continuous basis, as described in the ASCO Guidelines Methodology Manual . ASCO Living Guidelines follow the ASCO Conflict of Interest Policy Implementation for Clinical Practice Guidelines . Living Guidelines and updates are not intended to substitute for independent professional judgment of the treating provider and do not account for individual variation among patients. See Appendix 1 (online only) for disclaimers and other important information. Updates are published regularly and can be found at https://ascopubs.org/nsclc-non-da-living-guideline .
Efficacy of Presurgical Interventions to Promote Smoking Cessation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gavilan Eva , Fernández Esteve , Minguell Joan , Trilla Enrique , Zuriguel-Pérez Esperanza , Martínez Cristina
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of presurgical interventions for promoting smoking cessation in terms of achieving smoking abstinence and reducing surgical complication rates. A systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published from March 2009 to April 2021 was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. References were found in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science (WOS), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). RCTs comparing the efficacy of a smoking cessation program directed at an intervention group (IG) versus the usual intervention or another directed at a control group (CG) were included. No language restrictions were applied in the search. All approaches to smoking cessation were admitted (face-to-face, telephone, group, individual, multicomponent, etc.), as were all methods for assessing abstinence, follow-up times, surgical specialties, definitions of smokers, and all types of surgical complications. Four hundred forty-four references were pulled out, and 79 duplicates were discarded. We excluded 346 records that were after application of the inclusion/exclusion criteria. In addition to the remaining 19 articles, 1 article obtained from citation searches was also assessed. We finally included 11 original articles in this systematic review, corresponding to 9 studies, because 2 of the RCTs had 2 different articles referring to different aspects of the same study. The results showed long-term postoperative (6 to 12 months) abstinence rates between 25.0% and 36.4% in RCTs with intensive multicomponent interventions, versus rates about 13.0% in brief interventions. Two multicomponent interventions obtained significant improvements regarding the reduction of short-term postoperative surgical complications. In conclusion, presurgical multicomponent smoking cessation interventions are more effective than brief interventions in terms of achieving abstinence and reducing surgical complications. The follow-up time and the intensity of the interventions were predictors of dropout.
Translational control by maternal Nanog promotes oogenesis and early embryonic development
Authors: He Mudan , Jiao Shengbo , Zhang Ru , Ye Ding , Wang Houpeng , Sun Yonghua
Published: December 2022

Many maternal mRNAs are translationally repressed during oocyte development and spatio-temporally activated during early embryogenesis, which is crucial for oocyte and early embryo development. By analyzing maternal mutants of nanog (Mnanog) in zebrafish, we demonstrated that Nanog tightly controls translation of maternal mRNA during oogenesis via transcriptional repression of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1, like 2 (eef1a1l2). Loss of maternal Nanog led to defects of egg maturation, increased endoplasmic reticulum stress, and an activated unfold protein response, which was caused by elevated translational activity. We further demonstrated that Nanog, as a transcriptional repressor, represses the transcription of eefl1a1l2 by directly binding to the eef1a1l2 promoter in oocytes. More importantly, depletion of eef1a1l2 in nanog mutant females effectively rescued the elevated translational activity in oocytes, oogenesis defects and embryonic defects of Mnanog embryos. Thus, our study demonstrates that maternal Nanog regulates oogenesis and early embryogenesis through translational control of maternal mRNA via a mechanism whereby Nanog acts as a transcriptional repressor to suppress transcription of eef1a1l2.
Resistance Exercise Training Increases Muscle Mass and Strength in Prostate Cancer Patients on Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Authors: HOUBEN LISANNE H. P. , OVERKAMP MAARTEN , VAN KRAAIJ PUCK , TROMMELEN JORN , VAN ROERMUND JOEP G. H. , DE VRIES PETER , DE LAET KEVIN , VAN DER MEER SASKIA , MIKKELSEN ULLA R. , VERDIJK LEX B. , VAN LOON LUC J. C. , BEIJER SANDRA , BEELEN MILOU
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This study aimed to assess the effects of 20 wk resistance exercise training with or without protein supplementation on body composition, muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance, and aerobic capacity in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Methods

Sixty prostate cancer patients receiving ADT were randomly assigned to perform 20 wk of resistance exercise training with supplementation of 31 g whey protein (EX + PRO, n = 30) or placebo (EX + PLA, n = 30), consumed immediately after exercise and every night before sleep. A separate control group (CON, n = 36) only received usual care. At baseline and after 20 wk, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), muscle mass (computed tomography scan), muscle strength (1-repetition maximum strength tests), physical performance (Timed Up and Go Test, 30-Second Chair Stand Test, and Stair Climb Test), aerobic capacity (cardiopulmonary exercise test), and habitual dietary intake (food diary) were assessed. Data were analyzed using a two-factor repeated-measures ANOVA.

Results

Over time, muscle mass and strength increased in EX + PRO and EX + PLA and decreased in CON. Total fat mass and fat percentage increased in EX + PRO and CON, but not in EX + PLA. Physical performance did not significantly change over time in either group. Aerobic capacity was maintained in EX + PLA, but it decreased in EX + PRO and CON. Habitual protein intake (without supplements) averaged >1.0 g·kg body weight−1·d−1, with no differences over time or between groups.

Conclusions

In prostate cancer patients, resistance exercise training counteracts the adverse effects of ADT on body composition, muscle mass, muscle strength, and aerobic capacity, with no additional benefits of protein supplementation.
Effects of spatial and temporal resolution on cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking measurements using a simple realistic numerical phantom
Authors: Adams David M , Boubertakh Redha , Miquel Marc Eric
Published: December 2022

Objectives

To develop a single-slice numerical phantom with known myocardial motion, at several temporal and in-plane spatial resolutions, for testing and comparison of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) feature tracking (FT) software.

Methods

The phantom was developed based on CMR acquisitions of one volunteer (acquired cine, tagging cine, T1 map, T2 map, proton density weighted image). The numerical MRI simulator JEMRIS was used, and the phantom was generated at several in-plane spatial resolutions (1.4 × 1.4 mm2 to 3.0 × 3.0 mm2) and temporal resolutions (20 to 40 cardiac phases). Two feature tracking software packages were tested: Medical Image Tracking Toolbox (MITT) and two versions of cvi42 (v5.3.8 and v5.13.7). The effect of resolution on strain results was investigated with reference to ground-truth radial and circumferential strain.

Results

Peak radial strain was consistently undermeasured more for cvi42 v5.13.7 than for v5.3.8. Increased pixel size produced a trend of increased difference from ground-truth peak strain, with the largest changes for cvi42 obtained using v5.13.7 between 1.4 × 1.4 mm2 and 3.0 × 3.0 mm2, at 9.17 percentage points (radial) and 8.42 percentage points (circumferential).

Conclusions

The results corroborate the presence of intervendor differences in feature tracking results and show the magnitude of strain differences between software versions.

Advances in knowledge

This study shows how temporal and in-plane spatial resolution can affect feature tracking with reference to the ground-truth strain of a numerical phantom. Results reaffirm the need for numerical phantom development for the validation and testing of FT software.
Review Article: The de thematibus (''on the themes") of Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus. Translated with introductory chapters and notes by John Haldon, Liverpool University Press 2021
Authors: LOUNGHIS Telemachos
Published: December 2022

Review Article: The de thematibus (''on the themes") of Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus. Translated with introductory chapters and notes by John Haldon, L[Τranslated Texts for Byzantinists, v. 11],Liverpool University Press 2021
Βιβλιοκρισία: Γ. ΠΑΛΛΗΣ, Από τη Λαμία στο Ζητούνι. Ανασυνθέτοντας μια μικρή βυζαντινή πόλη, εκδόσεις Gutenberg, Ἀθήνα 2020. ISBN 978-960-01-2095-0
Authors: ΓΕΡΟΛΥΜΑΤΟΥ Μαρία
Published: December 2022

Βιβλιοκρισία: Γ. Παλλης, Από τη Λαμία στο Ζητούνι. Ανασυνθέτοντας μια μικρή βυζαντινή πόλη, εκδόσεις Gutenberg, Ἀθήνα 2020. ISBN 978-960-01-2095-0
Βιβλιοκρισία: Χριστίνα Σιδερή, Νεωτερικές τάσεις στην ιστοριογραφία των Μακεδόνων. Η περίπτωση της Συνέχειας Θεοφάνη (βιβλία α´-δ΄) [Βυζαντινά κείμενα και μελέτες 66], Κέντρο Βυζαντινών Ερευνών, Θεσσαλονίκη 2021
Authors: MEΣΣΗΣ Χάρης
Published: December 2022

Χριστίνα Σιδερή, Νεωτερικές τάσεις στην ιστοριογραφία των Μακεδόνων. Η περίπτωση της Συνέχειας Θεοφάνη (βιβλία α´-δ΄), Βυζαντινά κείμενα και μελέτες 66, Κέντρο Βυζαντινών Ερευνών, Θεσσαλονίκη 2021
Βιβλιογραφικό σημείωμα: Ἀνάλεκτα Σταγῶν καὶ Μετεώρων – Analecta Stagorum et Meteororum (Τεῦχος 1ο), Μετέωρα 2022
Authors: ΛΑΜΠΑΚΗΣ Στυλιανός
Published: December 2022

Βιβλιογραφικό σημείωμα: Ἀνάλεκτα Σταγῶν καὶ Μετεώρων – Analecta Stagorum et Meteororum(Τεῦχος 1ο), Μετέωρα 2022
Βιβλιοκρισία:Caroline Walker Bynum, Dissimilar Similitudes: Devotional Objects in Late Medieval Europe, New York 2020
Authors: ΓΙΑΝΤΣΗ-ΜΕΛΕΤΙΑΔΗ Νικολέττα , ΓΙΩΤΑ-ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΑΚΗ Γιολίνα
Published: December 2022

Βιβλιοκρισία: Caroline Walker Bynum, Dissimilar Similitudes. Devotional Objects in Late Medieval Europe, New York 2020
Ο ρόλος της τηλεόρασης στις εκλογές του 2000 και του 2004
Authors: Αντωνοπούλου Παναγιώτα
Published: December 2022

Στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας διατριβής μελετάται ο ρόλος της τηλεόρασης σε μία περίοδο της μεταπολιτευτικής ιστορίας με ιδιαίτερα και μοναδικά χαρακτηριστικά. Την περίοδο αυτή εκδηλώνεται μια κορυφαία μεταβολή στις κοινωνικοπολιτικές συντεταγμένες η οποία αποτυπώθηκε στην πλήρη ανατροπή των κοινωνικών και οικονομικών χαρακτηριστικών των ψηφοφόρων των κομμάτων. Νέα σχήματα επάλληλων διαιρέσεων του σώματος των ψηφοφόρων εμφανίζονται στον πολιτικό χάρτη τα οποία όχι μόνο δεν είχαν ταξικό πρόσημο αλλά αντίθετα, εμφανίστηκαν ως πλήρως απο-ιδεολογικοποιημένα. Η ανατροπή στα κοινωνικά χαρακτηριστικά των ψηφοφόρων εκδηλώνεται σε μια περίοδο μετασχηματισμού του τηλεοπτικού τοπίου που χαρακτηρίζεται από την πλήρη επικυριαρχία της ιδιωτικής τηλεόρασης στον τομέα της ενημέρωσης, με τα δημόσια κανάλια να συρρικνώνονται σε εξαιρετικά χαμηλά ποσοστά τηλεθέασης και τους εκδότες- επιχειρηματίες να αναζητούν ρόλο στα πολιτικά πράγματα.
Προγράμματα διδασκαλίας και διάδοσης της ελληνικής γλώσσας στο εξωτερικό
Authors: Χειλίτση Μαρίνα
Published: December 2022

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή καλύπτει το πεδίο των προγραμμάτων Νεοελληνικών Σπουδών στα πανεπιστήμια των Η.Π.Α. και τις δυνατότητες συνεργασίας τους με τα δημόσια πανεπιστήμια στην Ελλάδα. Αποτελείται από τρία μέρη. Το πρώτο μέρος αποτυπώνει το υπάρχον θεωρητικό πλαίσιο, μέσα από μία εκτενή βιβλιογραφική επισκόπηση, ως προς την γλώσσα και την διδασκαλία της, κυρίως ως ξένης, τις σχέσεις της γλώσσας της ακαδημαϊκής κοινότητας και του κράτους, ιδιαίτερα στην περίπτωση των Νέων Ελληνικών και της Ελλάδας προς το εξωτερικό, την δομή και την λειτουργία των προγραμμάτων γλώσσας στα πανεπιστήμια των Η.Π.Α., και την μεταφορά της εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασίας και του γλωσσικού μαθήματος εκτός της παραδοσιακής τάξης, και κυρίως στο εξωτερικό. Το δεύτερο μέρος παρουσιάζει τα αποτελέσματα των ερευνητικών εργαλείων που εφαρμόσθηκαν στο πλαίσιο της έρευνας, στην βάση της θεωρητικής επισκόπησης, επιχειρώντας την χαρτογράφηση των προγραμμάτων Νεοελληνικών Σπουδών στα πανεπιστήμια των Η.Π.Α., την αποδελτίωση των ενημερωτικών δελτίων της Εταιρίας Νεοελληνικών Σπουδών, για να αποτυπωθεί και να καταγραφεί η ιστορία και όσα έχουν προηγηθεί ήδη στο πεδίο, καθώς και τα αποτελέσματα του ερωτηματολογίου και των συνεντεύξεων που πραγματοποιήθηκαν με εμπλεκόμενα μέρη στο αντικείμενο. Στο τρίτο μέρος παρουσιάζονται τα συμπεράσματα της έρευνας, όπως προκύπτουν συνδυαστικά από την θεωρητική επισκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας και τα ερευνητικά εργαλεία που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν. Στο σύνολο της έρευνας, αναδεικνύεται, τελικά, η αξία της εξωστρέφειας στο γλωσσικό μάθημα, προς την βελτίωση της επικοινωνιακής ικανότητας και την βαθύτερη κατανόηση και κατάκτηση του αντικειμένου. Επιπλέον, υπογραμμίζεται ο καταλυτικός ρόλος της γλώσσας σε κάθε διεθνή ακαδημαϊκή συνεργασία, ιδιαίτερα όταν η γλώσσα είναι το αντικείμενο μελέτης αυτής. Παράλληλα, περιγράφεται πώς η διεθνοποίηση και η εξωστρέφεια του δημόσιου πανεπιστημίου στην Ελλάδα ωφελεί την ακαδημαϊκή κοινότητα συνολικά, και ιδιαίτερα όσα άτομα ασχολούνται με τα Νέα Ελληνικά, εφόσον δίνεται μια μοναδική ευκαιρία να πρωταγωνιστήσει το αντικείμενο, και να υποστηρίξει την διάδοση της γλώσσας στο εξωτερικό, και ιδιαίτερα στις Η.Π.Α.
Response of four grafted eggplants to Nacl salinity
Authors: Παναγιωτάκης Γιώργος
Published: December 2022

Το μείζον πρόβλημα της αλατότητας σε περιοχές εντατικών καλλιεργειών όπως η Ιεράπετρα, έχει αρχίσει να επηρεάζει τη φυτική παραγωγή. Αυτό το έργο σχεδιάστηκε για να μελετήσει τις επιπτώσεις της αλατότητας σε διάφορες βιοχημικές και φυσιολογικές παραμέτρους σε δύο υβρίδια μελιτζάνας ως εμβολιασμένα και μη. Τα δύο υβρίδια ήταν το Solanum melongena L υβριδικό Habana και το Solanum melongena L υβριδικό Vernina.Οι συγκεντρώσεις που επιλέχθηκαν (12,5 25, 50, 100, 150 και 200 ​​mM) αντιπροσωπεύουν μια κλίμακα συγκέντρωσης αλατιού και καλλιεργήθηκαν ως φυτά με ρίζες στο έδαφος, υδροπονικά και υδροπονικά ως εμβολιασμένα. Ο εμβολιασμός φαίνεται επίσης να παίζει σημαντικό ρόλο για την ανοχή στην αλατότητα. Για να επιβεβαιωθούν οι διάφορες παράμετροι χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ως δείκτες επηρεασμού για την αλατότητα και ποσοτικοποιήθηκαν.Το ύψος του φυτού και ο αριθμός των φύλλων επηρεάστηκαν και στα τρία πειράματα και για όλους τους τύπους φυτών είτε εμβολιασμένα είτε όχι. Παρόμοια ήταν τα αποτελέσματα για το ξηρό και φρέσκο ​​βάρος των φύλλων και των καρπών του στελέχους. Για τη φυσιολογική λειτουργία των φυτών παράγοντες όπως ο φθορισμός της χλωροφύλλης και ο ρυθμός φωτοσύνθεσης επηρεάστηκαν ιδιαίτερα σε υψηλότερες συγκεντρώσεις NaCL. Η περιεκτικότητα σε χλωροφύλλη στα φύλλα, η οποία επίσης μετρήθηκε, επηρεάστηκε αρνητικά σε όλα τα υβρίδια.Έγιναν επίσης βιοχημικές μετρήσεις οι συγκεντρώσεις Κ και Na σε ξερά φύλλα και η ενζυμική δραστηριότητα των APX, GPX και SOD. Οι συγκεντρώσεις ιόντων Κ και Na ήταν παρόμοιες με άλλες μελέτες που παρουσίαζαν μείωση του Κ και αύξηση του Na καθώς η συγκέντρωση του άλατος αυξανόταν.Δυστυχώς η ενζυμική δραστηριότητα δεν επηρεάστηκε στο συγκεκριμένο πείραμα και έτσι δεν μπόρεσε να βρει ακριβώς πώς η αλατότητα επηρεάζει αυτόν τον παράγοντα.Συνολικά τα αποτελέσματα των εμβολιασμένων φυτών ήταν καλύτερα από ό,τι ως αυτόριζα και το φυτό Solano torvum που χρησιμοποιείται ως υποκείμενο είναι πιο ανεκτικό από το Tomato Resistar που χρησιμοποιείται επίσης ως υποκείμενο.
Caffeine maternal intake and its effect on low birth weight of newborns - a literature review
Authors: Luchowska Anna , Sroczyńska Monika , Żaczek Aleksandra
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Caffeine consumption during pregnancy is associated with a number of concerns related to fetal development. The daily amount of caffeine consumed has consequences depending on the doses taken.Aim of the study: The purpose of this study is to present the contemporary knowledge on the relationship between prenatal caffeine exposure and its effects on fetal development with special attention to low birth weight of newborns.Materials and methods: PubMed and Google Scholar medical databases were analyzed by typing the following keywords: caffeine, low birth weight, caffeine consumption during pregnancy, cohort studies. During analyzing the literature, data from 14 scientific articles from the last five years (2017-2022) were used.Results: In most of the articles using cohort studies and meta-analyses based on them, the authors emphasize the link between caffeine consumption and low neonatal birth weight and other health implications among children. However, some argue that caffeine consumption does not significantly affect low birth weight in newborns.Conclusions: The results are inconclusive and the study needs to be continued. Most authors confirm the association between caffeine consumption during pregnant and low birth weight while some do not. It seems reasonable to increase awareness among women about the sources of caffeine, the amount of caffeine consumption and the effects on the fetus before conception.
The Importance of Separating the Probability of Committing and Detecting Misstatements in the Restatement Setting
Authors: Barton F. Jane , Burnett Brian M. , Gunny Katherine , Miller Brian P.
Published: December 2022

This study demonstrates the importance of separating the probabilities of misstatement occurrence and detection when examining financial statement restatements. Despite the many benefits of examining the probability of restatements using traditional logistic models, interpretations of these models are clouded by partial observability—only subsequently detected misstatements are observable. We propose addressing this often overlooked issue by implementing a bivariate probit model with partial observability. We demonstrate the importance of separating these latent probabilities by re-examining three prior restatement studies and show the importance of separating the occurrence and detection probabilities. Our evidence suggests that future studies interested in restatements as a measure of accounting quality should consider implementing bivariate probit models as one way to address the partial observability inherent in this setting.

This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.

Funding: B. P. Miller gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Sam Frumer Professorship.

Supplemental Material: Data and the internet appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4627 .
The Firm as a Subsociety: Purpose, Justice, and the Theory of the Firm
Authors: Gartenberg Claudine , Zenger Todd
Published: December 2022

Research in the “theory of the firm” tradition has often characterized firms as subeconomies, in which economic exchange is shaped by a central authority. We propose an expanded view of firms as subsocieties, in which authority is also responsible for establishing principles that shape cooperation among members. We draw on insights from political theory, sociology, and, to a lesser degree, legal theory to discuss how employees become members of subsocieties by exchanging rights, such as formal control over their work, for the benefits of membership. With this rights exchange, subsociety members develop expectations that those in positions of authority will use their control to define and sustain principles of justice and common purpose consistent with members’ moral sentiments. This view suggests expanded roles for authority and firm boundaries from what are incorporated into standard theories of the firm. These expanded roles have implications both for internal governance and for the boundary itself: When considering boundary changes, leaders must weigh both the economic and the social consequences of their decision.

Funding: C. Gartenberg recognizes financial support from the Wharton School at University of Pennsylvania. T. Zenger recognizes the financial support of the Eccles School at the University of Utah.
Anomalous Aortic Origin of the Right Coronary Artery: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Benjanuwattra Juthipong , Abdelnabi Mahmoud , Leelaviwat Natnicha , Cavazos Annia , Sethi Pooja , Jenkins Leigh Ann
Published: December 2022

Patients with symptomatic or malignant anomalous aortic origin of the right coronary artery (AAORCA) warrant surgical treatment to decrease morbidity and mortality. Various surgical techniques have been implemented including unroofing, reimplantation and bypass grafting. A 43-year-old woman presented with intermittent chest pain due to malignant AAORCA and received saphenous bypass grafting, instead of reimplantation, due to intraoperative spasm.
Prototipe Solar Tracking Berbasis Arduino dan Sensor Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)
Authors: Saputra Bangun Aji , Ma'arif Alfian
Published: December 2022

The government prioritizes the availability of electrical energy, especially in the industrial sector and urban areas, but the infrastructure to provide access to electricity in rural areas, especially street lighting, is still very lacking as a result of the need for a different energy source to overcome this problem. Solar cells are power plants that can convert solar energy into electricity, but most solar panels are installed statically which results in less than optimal absorption of solar energy. The purpose of this research is to make a prototype solar tracking based on the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller with the fuzzy logic method with an LDR sensor as a light sensor and a servo motor as a driver so that the solar panel can track the movement of the sun to get the maximum light intensity. The results of this study there are four test conditions which indicate that the percentage of the comparison value of solar panels statically and tracking in cloudy conditions is 34.07% while the test in cloudy sunny conditions is 25.603%.
Pemerintah memprioritaskan ketersediaan energi listrik khususnya di sektor industri dan wilayah perkotaan tetapi infrastruktur untuk memberikan akses listrik di daerah pedesaan terutama penerangan jalan masih sangatlah kurang akibatnya perlunya sumber energi yang berbeda diperlukan untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Sel surya adalah pembangkit listrik yang dapat mengubah energi matahari menjadi listrik namun sebagian besar Panel surya dipasang secara statis yang mengakibatkan penyerapan energi matahari kurang optimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat Prototype solar tracking berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino Mega 2560 dengan metode fuzzy logic dengan sensor LDR sebagai sensor cahaya dan motor servo sebagai penggerak sehingga panel surya dapat melacak pergerakan matahari untuk mendapatkan intensitas cahaya yang maksimal. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat empat kondisi pengujian yang menunjukkan bahwa persentase nilai perbandingan panel surya secara statis dan tracking dalam kondisi mendung sebesar 34,07% sedangkan pengujian dalam kondisi cerah Berawan sebesar 25,603%.
Comparative effects of wearing N95, surgical, cloth, and PM2.5 masks during six-minute walk test on dyspnea, breathing effort, oxygen saturation, and functional capacity in pre-aging individuals
Authors:   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand, Khamtue Kusalin , Sitilertpisan Patraporn ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand, Dacha Sauwaluk ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand
Published: December 2022

Background: Wearing a face mask became a part of daily life due to the COVID-19 pandemic and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution in Thailand. However, performing activities while wearing different types of masks can cause different physiological effects, especially in the pre-aging population that still performs outdoor activities regularly. Objectives: To compare the impacts of different types of the mask (no mask, N95, surgical, cloth, PM2.5 mask) on dyspnea, breathing effort, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), and functional capacity (six-minute walk distance and estimated VO2max) during the six-minute walk test (6MWT) in pre-aging individuals. Materials and methods: Twenty-four healthy pre-aging individuals (54±3 years) performed five trials of 6MWT wearing different types of masks. Pre-test and post-test of dyspnea, breathing effort, and blood oxygen saturation values were recorded. The estimated VO2max was calculated from 6MWT. The satisfaction for each type of mask was collected using questionnaires. Results: SpO2, walking distance, and estimated VO2max were not significantly different (p>0.05) among all trials. Changes in dyspnea, breathing effort, and systolic blood pressure values were statistically different (p=0.026, p=0.031, and p=0.028, respectively). Despite post hoc analysis revealing a nonsignificant difference in delta changes in dyspnea between walking trials, there was a clinical difference in dyspnea while wearing N95 compared to no mask as well as surgical masks compared to other masks (MCID for Borg scale ≥1). Wearing an N95 or surgical mask resulted in higher dyspnea. Moreover, wearing an N95 mask also resulted in higher breathing effort and systolic blood pressure compared to wearing no mask. Conclusion: Wearing various types of masks in the pre-aging population during moderate-intensity activity did not result in differences in oxygen saturation and functional capacity. Wearing an N95 resulted in higher levels of dyspnea, breathing effort and systolic blood pressure than wearing no mask. Wearing a surgical mask may have resulted in higher levels of dyspnea than wearing no mask, a cloth mask, or a PM2.5 mask.
Ultrafast switching with nonlinear optics in thin films
Authors: Steinecke Morten , Jupé Marco , Wienke Andreas , Ristau Detlev
Published: December 2022

We demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, concept for an
all-optical switch based on the optical Kerr effect in optical
interference coatings. The utilization of the internal intensity
enhancement in thin film coatings as well as the integration of highly
nonlinear materials enable a novel approach for self-induced optical
switching. The paper gives insight into the design of the layer stack,
suitable materials, and the characterization of the switching behavior
of the manufactured components. A modulation depth of 30% could be
achieved, which prepares the way for later applications in mode
locking.
Robust numerical solution to the Levi-Civita wavefront coupling problem via level set computation of the point characteristic function
Authors: Vila Rosa , Portilla Javier , Barbero Sergio
Published: December 2022

The Levi-Civita wavefront coupling problem consists of, given two prescribed wavefronts, obtaining a refractive or reflective surface coupling them. We propose a robust numerical method to solve Levi-Civita’s problem, whose rationale is to consider that Levi-Civita’s solutions are level surfaces of the point characteristic function established between points of incoming and outgoing wavefronts. The method obtains both surface data points and their normals, enabling a more robust surface reconstruction. We carry out a detailed error analysis of our method by means of comparing the surface data estimation with nominal surfaces obtained in reference tests offering analytical solutions to Levi–Civita’s problem. The method offers, in computer simulations, highly accurate results with moderate computational cost.
Grating couplers for guided Bloch surface waves
Authors: Perani Tommaso , Liscidini Marco
Published: December 2022

Photonic crystal ridge waveguides supporting guided Bloch surface waves (GBSWs) are a valuable and flexible platform for the development of integrated optical devices. However, coupling light into a GBSW from a single-mode optical fiber remains challenging. In this work, we study the main issues preventing the efficient excitation of GBSWs using grating couplers, and we present some solutions to increase the coupling efficiency. Our approaches do not require any additional fabrication step and can lead to a significant improvement compared to previous implementations. Further optimization along the lines illustrated in this work may allow one to achieve even larger coupling efficiency.
Low-loss, ultracompact n-adjustable waveguide bends for photonic integrated circuits
Authors: Zhang Lichao , Chen Jiamin , Ma Weichao , Chen Guangyuan , Li Ruoming , Li Wangzhe , An Junming , Zhang Jiashun , Wang Yue , Gou Guangyang , Liu Chunxiu , Qi Zhimei , Xue Ning
Published: December 2022

Countless waveguides have been designed based on four basic bends: circular bend, sine/cosine bend, Euler bend (developed in 1744) and Bezier bend (developed in 1962). This paper proposes an n-adjustable (NA) bend, which has superior properties compared to other basic bends. Simulations and experiments indicate that the NA bends can show lower losses than other basic bends by adjusting n values. The circular bend and Euler bend are special cases of the proposed NA bend as n equals 0 and 1, respectively. The proposed bend are promising candidates for low-loss compact photonic integrated circuits.
Emergent optical nonreciprocity and chirality-controlled magneto-optical resonance in a hybrid magneto–chiral metamaterial
Authors: Peng Peisong , Thapa Grija , Zhou Jiangfeng , Talbayev Diyar
Published: December 2022

Broken spatial and time reversal symmetries in materials often give
rise to new emergent phenomena in the interaction between light and
matter. The combination of chirality and broken time reversal symmetry
in a magnetic field leads to magneto–chiral phenomena, such as
the nonreciprocity of transmission. Here, we construct a terahertz
hybrid metamaterial that combines the natural optical activity of a
chiral metallic gammadion bilayer and the magneto-optical activity of
semiconductor indium antimonide in a magnetic field. We report a
resonant magneto–chiral effect that leads to
polarization-independent nonreciprocal optical transmittance.
Furthermore, we discover a magneto-optical Faraday effect that is
resonantly controlled by the natural optical activity of the chiral
gammadion bilayer. Unlike optical activity due to chirality, the novel
Faraday effect is odd under time reversal. Both phenomena are
activated by a modest magnetic field, which may open doors for their
potential applications in polarization-independent optical isolation
and highly efficient polarization control at terahertz
frequencies.
The structure of the human LACTB filament reveals the mechanisms of assembly and membrane binding
Authors: Bennett Jeremy A. , Steward Lottie R. , Rudolph Johannes , Voss Adam P. , Aydin Halil
Published: December 2022

Mitochondria are complex organelles that play a central role in metabolism. Dynamic membrane-associated processes regulate mitochondrial morphology and bioenergetics in response to cellular demand. In tumor cells, metabolic reprogramming requires active mitochondrial metabolism for providing key metabolites and building blocks for tumor growth and rapid proliferation. To counter this, the mitochondrial serine beta-lactamase-like protein (LACTB) alters mitochondrial lipid metabolism and potently inhibits the proliferation of a variety of tumor cells. Mammalian LACTB is localized in the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS), where it assembles into filaments to regulate the efficiency of essential metabolic processes. However, the structural basis of LACTB polymerization and regulation remains incompletely understood. Here, we describe how human LACTB self-assembles into micron-scale filaments that increase their catalytic activity. The electron cryo-microscopy (cryoEM) structure defines the mechanism of assembly and reveals how highly ordered filament bundles stabilize the active state of the enzyme. We identify and characterize residues that are located at the filament-forming interface and further show that mutations that disrupt filamentation reduce enzyme activity. Furthermore, our results provide evidence that LACTB filaments can bind lipid membranes. These data reveal the detailed molecular organization and polymerization-based regulation of human LACTB and provide new insights into the mechanism of mitochondrial membrane organization that modulates lipid metabolism.
tension: A Python package for FORCE learning
Authors: Liu Lu Bin , Losonczy Attila , Liao Zhenrui
Published: December 2022

First-Order, Reduced and Controlled Error (FORCE) learning and its variants are widely used to train chaotic recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and outperform gradient methods on certain tasks. However, there is currently no standard software framework for FORCE learning. We present tension, an object-oriented, open-source Python package that implements a TensorFlow / Keras API for FORCE. We show how rate networks, spiking networks, and networks constrained by biological data can all be trained using a shared, easily extensible high-level API. With the same resources, our implementation outperforms a conventional RNN in loss and published FORCE implementations in runtime. Our work here makes FORCE training chaotic RNNs accessible and simple to iterate, and facilitates modeling of how behaviors of interest emerge from neural dynamics.
Breaking the cycles of violence with narrative exposure: Development and feasibility of NETfacts, a community-based intervention for populations living under continuous threat
Authors: Schmitt Sabine , Robjant Katy , Elbert Thomas , Carleial Samuel , Hoeffler Anke , Chibashimba Amani , Hinkel Harald , Koebach Anke
Published: December 2022

Background

Interpersonal violence damages mental health and frequently leads to aggressive defence strategies. If survivors are subsequently blamed for the events, both consequences worsen. Stigma flourishes, especially when survivors are silenced so that details of the trauma remain unknown. Breaking the secrecy both at the individual and collective level is key to enable the healing and reconciliation of individuals and communities living under continuous threat.

Method

TheNETfacts health systemis a stepped care model with three components: (1)Narrative Exposure Therapy(NET), an evidence-based trauma therapy that includes survivor testimony (2)NET for Forensic Offender Rehabilitation(FORNET) acknowledges that perpetrators are frequently also victims and assists in reducing aggression and the attraction to violence, and (3) a community intervention disseminating and discussingFacts derived from NETtreatment (NETfacts) to challenge the collective avoidance of atrocities and other traumatic material. The intervention was piloted in a community with 497 adult residents in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. The willingness of clients to consent to sharing their anonymised testimonies (with a focus on sexual violence survivors and ex-combatants) was investigated, together with other components of feasibility including security and clinical safety, extent of support of respected local authorities and participation rates. As secondary outcomes, clinical and social measures were assessed before and post NETfacts among 200 village residents of whom 160 self-enrolled and 40 had not participated in any form of treatment.

Results

Implementation was feasible with 248 clients from a partner project giving consent to use their testimonies and high support of respected local authorities and participation rates (56% of residents self-enrolled in NETfacts). Immediate beneficial effects were shown for posttraumatic stress and rejection of rape myths among NETfacts participants who experienced multiple traumatic events in their own past. Attitudes towards ex-combatants improved and the perceived lack of social acknowledgement after trauma increased independent from participation. No significant change was observed for depressive symptoms.

Conclusion

NETfacts is a feasible and promising approach to challenge the culture of secrecy surrounding trauma, suppression and social exclusion. Long term effectiveness requires further evaluation.
The efficacy and safety of remifentanil patient-controlled versus epidural analgesia in labor: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Lei Xiuzhen , Yu Yang , Li Mei , Fang Peng , Gan Shuyuan , Yao Yongxing , Zhou Yanfeng , Kang Xianhui
Published: December 2022

Background

Remifentanil patient-controlled analgesia (rPCA) and epidural analgesia (EA) has been used for pain relief in labor. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rPCA versus EA in labor, to provide evidence support for clinical analgesia and pain care.

Methods

We searched PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Weipu databases for RCTs comparing rPCA and EA in labor until February 15, 2022. Two researchers independently screened literature and extracted data. RevMan 5.3 software was used for data analysis.

Results

A total of 10 RCTs involving 3086 parturients were enrolled, 1549 parturients received rPCA and 1537 received EA. Meta-analysis indicated that the incidence of intrapartum maternal fever within 1 hour of labor analgesia (OR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.30~0.62), after 1 hour of labor analgesia (OR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.20~0.90) in the rPCA was significantly less than that of EA (all P<0.05). The incidence of respiratory depression (OR = 3.56, 95%CI: 2.45~5.16, P<0.001) in the rPCA was significantly higher than that of EA. There were no significant differences in the incidence of Apgar scores<7 at 5 minutes (OR = 1.18, 95%CI: 0.71~1.96, P = 0.53), the patients’ satisfaction of pain relief during labor analgesia (SMD = 0.03, 95%CI: -0.40~0.46, P = 0.90) between rPCA and EA (all P>0.05).

Conclusion

rPCA can be an optional alternative to EA with similar pain relief and less risk of intrapartum maternal fever. However, rPCA was associated with increased risk of respiratory depression. Future studies with rigorous design and larger sample size are needed to provide more reliable evidences for clinical rPCA and EA use.
Dietary diversity and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Jeldu District, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Ethiopia
Authors: Merga Gudisa , Mideksa Samson , Dida Nagasa , Kennedy Gina
Published: December 2022

Background

Women of reproductive age are at a higher risk of insufficient micronutrient intake due to their low dietary diversity which has an impact on child growth and development, anemia and low birth weight. However, there are no information from the study area. Hence, the study aimed to assess dietary diversity and associated factors among reproductive-age women in Jeldu District, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2018.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken among 634 women of reproductive age. The study participants were recruited using a systematic sampling method. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on 24-hour dietary recalls. The data were checked, coded, and entered into EpiData version 3.1 before being exported to SPSS Version 21 for analysis. Descriptive statistics like frequency standard deviation, mean and proportions were computed., both binary and multivariable logistic regressions were run at 95 percent confidence intervals. A P-value of <0.05 was used to declare a statistically significant association between dietary diversity and explanatory variables.

Results

The proportions of women who consumed greater than or equal to five food groups were 81.9%. Agro-ecological zone of highland (AOR = 7.71: 95% CI: 3.72, 15.99), women who have a radio (AOR; 1.87: 95% CI; 1.17, 2.99) and women’s decision-making power to purchase food for household (AOR; 3.93:95% CI; 2.3, 6.71) and having own mobile phone (AOR: 1.92 (1.74, 3.16)) were statistically associated with food dietary diversity.

Conclusion

The proportion of women who met the minimal standard for dietary variety requirements was high. The presence of radios, mobile phones, women’s purchasing decision power, as well as possessing large cattle, and the agroecological zone of the participants were all important predictors of dietary variety among reproductive-age women. The local media, agriculture office, health office, and women, youth, and children office all need to pay more attention to the determinants of dietary variety in women.
Modeling post-holiday surge in COVID-19 cases in Pennsylvania counties
Authors: Ren Benny , Hwang Wei-Ting
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 arrived in the United States in early 2020, with cases quickly being reported in many states including Pennsylvania. Many statistical models have been proposed to understand the trends of the COVID-19 pandemic and factors associated with increasing cases. While Poisson regression is a natural choice to model case counts, this approach fails to account for correlation due to spatial locations. Being a contagious disease and often spreading through community infections, the number of COVID-19 cases are inevitably spatially correlated as locations neighboring counties with a high COVID-19 case count are more likely to have a high case count. In this analysis, we combine generalized estimating equations (GEEs) for Poisson regression, a popular method for analyzing correlated data, with a semivariogram to model daily COVID-19 case counts in 67 Pennsylvania counties between March 20, 2020 to January 23, 2021 in order to study infection dynamics during the beginning of the pandemic. We use a semivariogram that describes the spatial correlation as a function of the distance between two counties as the working correlation. We further incorporate a zero-inflated model in our spatial GEE to accommodate excess zeros in reported cases due to logistical challenges associated with disease monitoring. By modeling time-varying holiday covariates, we estimated the effect of holiday timing on case count. Our analysis showed that the incidence rate ratio was significantly greater than one, 6-8 days after a holiday suggesting a surge in COVID-19 cases approximately one week after a holiday.
Comprehensive characterization of toxins during progression of inhalation anthrax in a non-human primate model
Authors: Boyer Anne E. , Gallegos-Candela Maribel , Lins Renato C. , Solano Maria I. , Woolfitt Adrian R. , Lee John S. , Sanford Daniel C. , Knostman Katherine A. B. , Quinn Conrad P. , Hoffmaster Alex R. , Pirkle James L. , Barr John R.
Published: December 2022

Inhalation anthrax has three clinical stages: early-prodromal, intermediate-progressive, and late-fulminant. We report the comprehensive characterization of anthrax toxins, including total protective antigen (PA), total lethal factor (LF), total edema factor (EF), and their toxin complexes, lethal toxin and edema toxin in plasma, during the course of inhalation anthrax in 23 cynomolgus macaques. The toxin kinetics were predominantly triphasic with an early rise (phase-1), a plateau/decline (phase-2), and a final rapid rise (phase-3). Eleven animals had shorter survival times, mean±standard deviation of 58.7±7.6 hours (fast progression), 11 animals had longer survival times, 113±34.4 hours (slow progression), and one animal survived. Median (lower–upper quartile) LF levels at the end-of-phase-1 were significantly higher in animals with fast progression [138 (54.9–326) ng/mL], than in those with slow progression [23.8 (15.6–26.3) ng/mL] (p = 0.0002), and the survivor (11.1 ng/mL). The differences were also observed for other toxins and bacteremia. Animals with slow progression had an extended phase-2 plateau, with low variability of LF levels across all time points and animals. Characterization of phase-2 toxin levels defined upper thresholds; critical levels for exiting phase-2 and entering the critical phase-3, 342 ng/mL (PA), 35.8 ng/mL (LF), and 1.10 ng/mL (EF). The thresholds were exceeded earlier in animals with fast progression (38.5±7.4 hours) and later in animals with slow progression (78.7±15.2 hours). Once the threshold was passed, toxin levels rose rapidly in both groups to the terminal stage. The time from threshold to terminal was rapid and similar; 20.8±7.4 hours for fast and 19.9±7.5 hours for slow progression. The three toxemic phases were aligned with the three clinical stages of anthrax for fast and slow progression which showed that anthrax progression is toxin- rather than time-dependent. This first comprehensive evaluation of anthrax toxins provides new insights into disease progression.
Impermanent inhabitations: ‘The everyday’ as a catalyst for transcultural curation
Authors: Watkins Jonathan , Jiang Julia
Published: December 2022

What spaces do we inhabit? How do we become integrated within an unfamiliar community in an unfamiliar territory? Can we ever be fully immersed in a foreign place during art production and exhibition? As I think about the notion of transcultural curating, I start to interrogate questions of belonging and borders.