bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coagulopatía severa secundaria a intoxicación por rodenticida anticoagulante
Authors: Ferreira Bacciarini Joaquín
Published: October 2023

Introducción: las superwarfarinas son rodenticidas anticoagulantes potentes que provocan una coagulopatía severa y duradera al inhibir los factores de coagulación vitamina K dependientes. La intoxicación es un problema de salud pública creciente debido al uso generalizado de estos compuestos. La presentación clínica puede manifestarse desde casos asintomáticos hasta hemorragias graves y potencialmente mortales. El médico clínico debe tener un alto índice de sospecha de intoxicación en presencia de una coagulopatía sin causa evidente, resistente al tratamiento con vitamina K. Presentación del caso: se presenta un caso de coagulopatía severa secundaria a intoxicación por superwarfarina en un hombre con intento de autoeliminación mediante el uso de difetialona.
“One Belt — One Road” as an Important Factor of Strengthening Economic Cooperation Between Azerbaijan and China
Authors: Musayev A. , Gasimov A.
Published: October 2023

The article considers the philosophy of the “One Belt — One Road” Project and the reasons for its occurrence, as well as the economic cooperation between Azerbaijan and China within the framework of the project. The National Development Strategy of Azerbaijan Restoration of the Great Silk Road is highly compatible with the concept of joint construction of “One Belt — One Road”.

Azerbaijan is one of China’s main cooperation partners in Eurasia. Prospects for the development of world trade are largely related to the implementation of the Chinese One Belt, One Road project, which will significantly change modern trans-Eurasian transport flows. Azerbaijan needs to use the opportunities that open up in this connection and its transit potential to increase its role in world trade and to accelerate its own economic growth. This year marks the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Azerbaijan. At this new starting point in history, both countries have wide prospects for mutually beneficial cooperation in trade and investment, transport, infrastructure, agriculture, finance, digital economy, green energy and other areas. Over the 30 years of cooperation between China and Azerbaijan, the trade turnover of the parties has increased 500 times.
Этнический конфликт: социально-политический аспект: монография, [электронное издание сетевого распространения] / А.А. Вартумян, И.А. Васильева. – М.: «КДУ»; «Добросвет», 2023. – 192 с.
Authors: Вартумян А.А. , Васильева И.А.
Published: October 2023

Настоящая монография посвящена измерению социальной конфликтности в обществе, конфликтности этносоциальных процессов. Рассмотрены растущие этнократические тенденции, представлены современные теоретико-методологические трактовки конфликта. Проанализированы особенности межэтнических конфликтов в переходных типах обществ. Представлены типы и формы национализма и этнофобии. Изучено влияние уровня толерантности на характер национальных отношений. Монография предназначена для всех, кто интересуется вопросами зарождения и протекания этнических конфликтов и способов разрешения, используя арсенал политических факторов.
The making of a racialized surplus population
Authors: Vincze Enikő
Published: October 2023

In capitalist Eastern Europe, surplus population is created at the intersection of economic restructuring, leading to the decline of jobs, the absorption of housing in broader circuits of capital accumulation, and the state's disinvestment in social housing. Drawing on the lived experiences of the impoverished Roma from Baia Mare (Maramureș county, Romania), I analyze how racialization produces them as surplus-as-laborer and surplus-as-tenant. The article explores the historically constituted labor-housing nexus. Capitalist enterprises are interested in having permanent access to a cheap and flexible labor force that reproduces in housing conditions that are as low cost as they are inadequate. Private real estate capital excludes those who cannot afford the fast-rising level of the ground rent while the post-socialist state refuses to invest in public housing.
Klarnetin Alt Gövdesindeki Kalın Seslerin Kullanımını Çalıştıracak Pozisyon Önerileri
Authors: ÇELİK Anıl
Published: October 2023

Klarnet zorluk barındıran bir çalgıdır. Bu çalışmada birtakım zorlukların nasıl üstesinden gelinmesi gerektiği teorik bir şekilde anlatılmıştır. Amaç teorik bilgilerin nota üzerindeki pozisyon yerlerini çalışarak yapıtların daha kolay çalına bilirlik düzeyine getirmektir. Teknik problemlerin kısa sürede giderilmesi ve doğru çözümlenebilmesinin altyapı çalışması oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmaya karar verirken, bir yapıtı çözümleme esnasında kaynak sıkıntısı yaşanmasından dolayı çalışmanın oluşum süreci gelişmiştir. Çalgı ustalığı esnasında edinilen bilgi ve birikimleri çalgı ile bütünleştirdiğimiz zaman başarı kendiliğinden gelecektir. Klarnet çalarken harcanan emek ve sabır sayesinde başarılı bir yorumcu olmak kaçınılmazdır. Önerilen sekiz çalışma ve iki eser çalışması sayesinde klarnet çalarken karşılaşılan pozisyon yerlerini kolaylaştırmak amaç edinilmiştir. Önerilen çalışmaları çalışarak ve ölçü ölçü çözümleyerek alt gövdede olan notaların klarnetteki geçiş yerlerini de çözmüş olacağız. Bir eseri yorumlarken gösterilen öneriler sayesinde eseri daha iyi yorumlamamızı da kolaylaştıracaktır. Çalışmalar hem eser için harcanan süreyi kısaltmamızın hem de esere daha hâkim olmamızın yolunu da açacaktır. Klarnetin alt gövdesinde yer alan bazı geçiş notalarını hızlandırmayı ve hâkim olmayı amaçlayan önerilere değinilmiştir. Eser çalışmaları sayesinde parmak süratinin de çalıştırılması sağlanmıştır. Pasaj çalışmaları yaparken bir yandan da nüans, dil ve nefes çalışmaları ile de zenginleştirilmiştir. Önerilen çalışmalar ve eser çalışmaları ile çalgı hâkimiyetindeki ustalığın daha da öne çıktığı saptanmıştır.
When one Wants More than the Other: Multi-Professional Cooperation between Staff in Extended Education and Teachers
Authors: Näpfli Jasmin , Schweinberger Kirsten
Published: October 2023

In 2021 the Swiss Teachers’ Association (LCH) demanded that extended education offerings (EEO) should be the responsibility of schools and not outsourced, which in turn also implies a new cooperation partner for the schools. Till today not much is known about this cooperation. This study investigates this cooperation from the perspective of the cooperation partners – the teachers (N=233), school leaders (N=64), staff (N=349) and leaders (N=67) of the EEO by means of a quantitative survey in a pioneering canton in Switzerland. The findings show that cooperation is rated as “good”—but for different reasons—by the cooperation partners and that cooperation is linked to job satisfaction.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Web Berbantu Geogebra untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa SMP
Authors: Silvi Triana Safitri  , Darminto Bambang Priyo , Purwaningsih Wharyanti Ika
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengetahui kevalidan, kepraktisan, keefektifan media pembelajaran matematika berbasis web berbantu GeoGebra untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa SMP. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian R&D dengan model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah ADDIE. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, angket, dan tes. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi lembar validasi ahli (materi dan media), lembar angket respon (siswa dan guru), dan soal tes pemahaman konsep. Subjek penelitian ini merupakan siswa SMP Negeri 20 Purworejo kelas VIII E. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis kevalidan, analisis kepraktisan, dan analisis keefektifan. Rata-rata hasil analisis kevalidan dari penilaian ahli sebesar 3,715 memenuhi kriteria valid. Analisis kepraktisan dari angket respon yang dijawab siswa dan guru memenuhi kriteria positif dengan persentase sebesar 81,64%. Analisis keefektifan tes pemahaman konsep siswa menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketuntasan belajar sebesar 92,31% dan kemampuan pemahaman konsep sebesar 85,77% memenuhi kriteria sangat baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dinilai valid, praktis, dan efektif, serta mampu atau berpotensi meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Model Means Ends Analysis untuk Mengajarkan Koneksi Matematis Peserta Didik
Authors: Sobiroh Novi Ismi , Suwarno
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan karena pemakaian metode pembelajaran konvensional menyebabkan peserta didik merasa jemu selama proses pembelajaran. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, diperlukan sebuah pendekatan pembelajaran yang lebih kreatif dan inovatif. Solusi yang digunakan adalah mengubah model pembelajaran dengan kooperatif berdasarkan Means-Ends Analysis (MEA) yang merupakan langkah awal untuk mengajarkan konsep matematika kepada peserta didik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan kevalidan, kepraktisan, keefektifan perangkat pembelajaran MEA dalam mengajar konsep matematika kepada peserta didik SMP Argopuro 2 Suci. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Fokus penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Argopuro 2 Suci. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar validasi, lembar observasi, dan angket respons dari peserta didik. Analisis data melibatkan terhadap hasil kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan perangkat pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran ini memiliki skor kevalidan RPP yaitu 3,6, LKPD dengan 3,6, dan soal post-test 3,5. Selain itu, hasil kepraktisan berdasarkan respons peserta didik, keterlaksanaan guru dalam kelas, dan observasi aktivitas peserta didik di masing-masing kelompok tertentu menunjukkan skor kepraktisan lebih dari 60%, yang menandakan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran ini memiliki kualitas sangat baik. Hasil post-test peserta didik secara klasikal juga menunjukkan tingkat keefektifan yang tinggi, yaitu 88,4% untuk tes pengetahuan dan 92,3% untuk tes koneksi matematis. Dengan demikian, perangkat pembelajaran ini dianggap tidak memerlukan revisi lebih lanjut.
Method of creation of FPGA based implementation of artificial intelligence as a service
Authors: Perepelitsyn Artem
Published: October 2023

The subject of study in this article is the technologies of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), methods, and tools for prototyping of hardware accelerators of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and providing it as a service. The goal is to reduce the efforts of creation and modification of FPGA implementation of Artificial Intelligent projects and provide such solutions as a service. Task: to analyze the possibilities of heterogeneous computing for the implementation of AI projects; analyze advanced FPGA technologies and accelerator cards that allow the organization of a service; analyze the languages, frameworks, and integrated environments for the creation of Artificial Intelligence projects for FPGA implementation; propose a technique for modifiable FPGA project prototyping to ensure a long period of compatibility with integrated environments and target devices; propose a technique for the prototyping of FPGA services with high performance to improve the efficiency of FPGA based AI projects; propose a sequence of optimization of neural networks for FPGA implementation; and provide an example of the practical implementation of the research results. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. Analysis of the biggest companies and vendors of FPGA technology is performed. Existing heterogeneous technologies and potential non-electronic mediums for AI computations are discussed. FPGA accelerator cards with a large amount of High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) on the same chip package for implementation of AI projects are analyzed and compared. Languages, frameworks, and technologies as well as the capabilities of libraries and integrated environments for prototyping of FPGA projects for the AI applications are analyzed in detail. The sequence of prototyping of FPGA projects that are stable to changes in the environment is proposed. The sequence of prototyping of highly efficient pipelined projects for data processing is proposed. The steps of optimization of neural networks for FPGA implementation of AI applications are provided. An example of practical use of the results of research, including the use of sequences is provided. Conclusions. One of the main contributions of this research is the proposed method of creation of FPGA based implementation of AI projects in the form of services. Proposed sequence of neural network optimization for FPGA allows the reduction of the complexity of the initial program model by more than five times for hardware implementation depending on the required accuracy. The described solutions allow the construction of completely scalable and modifiable FPGA implementations of AI projects to provide it as a service.
Risk and uncertainty assessment in software project management: integrating decision trees and Monte Carlo modeling
Authors: Strielkina Anastasiia , Tetskyi Artem , Krasilshchykova Vladyslava
Published: October 2023

The evaluation of risk and uncertainty in the context of software project management is the subject of this paper. This paper discusses the difficulties faced by project managers in handling uncertainty brought on by the complex nature of software projects and the ever evolving requirements of technology. A review of the literature, data production, visualization, statistical analysis, and mathematical modeling are included in this study. The goal of this study is to create a methodical approach to assist project managers in making decisions by considering the inherent uncertainty in software development and to find approaches and procedures that may successfully reduce risks, improve decision-making, and eventually result in the implementation of successful projects. The following tasks were carried out: to evaluate risk and uncertainty by examining the state-of-the-art in decision theory and its applications in software project management; to develop an integrated strategy that blends Monte Carlo Simulation with Decision Trees to assess risk and uncertainty in software project management; to generate data, visualize it, and perform statistical analysis to comprehend how project outcomes, costs, and time are affected; to identify important variables affecting project results and decision-making using decision trees; to use Monte Carlo simulation to create project scenarios and weigh the likelihood of each; and to supply project managers with knowledge and suggestions to help them make informed decisions and successfully manage risks. Methods. To evaluate risk and uncertainty in software project management, this paper analyzes the decision theory approaches currently used as well as Decision Trees and Monte Carlo Simulation techniques. Results. This study offers thorough insights into how project results, costs, and duration vary among various techniques. The critical factors that have a substantial influence on project success are shown through decision trees. According to the study’s findings, combining decision theory and statistical analysis equips project managers to make wise decisions despite uncertainty. Conclusions. Project managers may improve decision making, risk reduction, and overall project success by applying these cutting-edge approaches. To adapt these techniques to unique software project management contexts and real-world situations, further study and implementation in practice are necessary. With the use of such techniques, the software development sector would be better able to manage the complexity of projects and provide good results within set financial and time parameters.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran TGT Berbantuan “Ultraphy” untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Matematis Siswa SMP Negeri 1 Magelang
Authors: Alim Nurvian Santri , Rahmawati Fadhilah , Hendrastuti Zuida Ratih
Published: October 2023

Kemampuan pemahaman matematis siswa SMP Negeri 1 Magelang masih dalam kelompok rendah. Hal ini disebabkan model serta media pembelajaran belum beragam, sehingga dapat berpengaruh bagi keaktifan dan kemampuan pemahaman matematis siswa. Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan guna menganalisis implementasi model pembelajaran TGT berbantuan ULTRAPHY bagi kemampuan pemahaman matematis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metodologi eksperimen semu. Siswa kelas VIII B menjadi kelas eksperimen serta siswa kelas VIII C menjadi kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan yakni angket, pedoman wawancara, lembar observasi, serta tes. Mengacu dari hasil analisis data dengan Independent Simple t-test serta uji N-Gain didapat 1) ketidaksamaan kemampuan pemahaman matematis pada model pembelajaran TGT berbantuan ULTRAPHY dan model pembelajaran langsung; dan 2) kenaikan kemampuan pemahaman matematis yang lebih baik pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Simpulan pengamatan ini, yaitu 1) siswa yang mendapat pembelajaran melalui model pembelajaran TGT berbantuan ULTRAPHY memiliki kemampuan pemahaman matematis yang cenderung baik dibanding melalui model pembelajaran langsung; dan 2) adanya kenaikan pemahaman matematis cukup baik pada siswa yang mendapat pembelajaran melalui model pembelajaran TGT berbantuan ULTRAPHY dibanding melalui model pembelajaran langsung.
Peramalan Harga Gandum di Tengah Invasi Rusia ke Ukraina dengan Pendekatan Intervensi Fungsi Step
Authors: Subiyanto Marcel Laverda , Sediono Sediono , Ana Elly , Mardianto M. Fariz Fadillah , Pusporani Elly
Published: October 2023

Semenjak konflik antara Federasi Rusia dan Ukraina terjadi, perekonomian dunia terdampak cukup parah terutama harga komoditas dunia. Akibat dari perang di Ukraina, beberapa rantai-pasok komoditas pangan dunia mengalami hambatan, hingga berujung pada krisis pangan di sejumlah wilayah di Afrika dan mulai merambat ke beberapa negara khususnya di Asia. Gandum merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan yang mengalami kenaikan harga akibat dari konflik yang terjadi di Ukraina. Kenaikan harga gandum tersebut berdampak pula terhadap kenaikan harga produk turunan dari gandum, seperti tepung yang merupakan bahan baku pembuatan roti dan mie. Produk mie dan roti di Indonesia merupakan salah satu makanan pokok pengganti nasi, sehingga jika kondisi kenaikan harga gandum tidak diatasi, dikhawatirkan akan terjadi krisis pangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini akan memodelkan dan memprediksi harga gandum dunia di tengah konflik antara Rusia dan Ukraina dengan pendekatan model intervensi fungsi step. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prediksi harga komoditas gandum dunia di tengah invasi Rusia ke Ukraina dengan pendekatan model intervensi fungsi step menunjukkan hasil yang akurat. Model ARIMA(1,1,0) dengan b=0, s=2, dan r=2 menjadi model intervensi fungsi step paling baik. Nilai MAPE yang ditentukan dari pengujian data adalah 14,27%.
Optimasi Jaringan Distribusi Air di Desa Gombolharjo Menggunakan Algoritma Prim
Authors: Ilahy Wifqy Inayatul , Ahmad Mizan , Hartono Bryan Pudji
Published: October 2023

Perumdam Tirta Wijaya merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang penyediaan air bersih. Salah satu hal yang penting dalam pendistribusian air bersih adalah jaringan pipa. Jaringan pipa yang terpasang harus dibuat seminimal mungkin untuk mendistribusikan air secara merata. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan rute terpendek pada jaringan pipa di Gombolharjo Kecamatan Kesugihan Kabupaten Cilacap dengan menggunakan Algortima Prim’s. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, diperoleh total pipa sepanjang 5706 m.
Distribusi Power Gompertz-Makeham: Sifat-Sifat Statistika dan Aplikasinya
Authors: Hakiki Moch. Taufik , Umam Hairul
Published: October 2023

Pada artikel ini, kami memperkenalkan distribusi power Gompertz-Makeham (PGM) dengan empat parameter. Distribusi ini didapat melalui transformasi power pada distribusi Gompertz-Makeham. Pada distribusi baru ini, pertama kami turunkan beberapa sifat statisitika dari distribusi PGM, seperti fungsi kuantil, momen, dan momen tak lengkap, serta beberapa akibat dari sifat tersebut. Semua sifat tersebut disajikan dalam bentuk tertutup yang dapat mempermudah proses komputasi pada sifat tersebut. Pada distribusi baru ini, kemudian kami lakukan estimasi parameter menggunakan maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), pertama pada data simulasi untuk mengukur performa MLE pada distribusi PGM, dan selanjutnya pada data kekuatan fiber karbon untuk mendemonstrasikan fleksibilitas distribusi power Gompertz-Makeham.
Implementasi Matematika Terapan Pada Kemampuan Penyusunan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) Bangunan Konstruksi (Studi Kasus: Politeknik Negeri Jakarta)
Authors: Saputra Jonathan , Edistria Ega , Sari Tri Wulan
Published: October 2023

Dalam mendukung pembangunan yang dinamis dan berkembang, mahasiswa dan lulusan Teknik Sipil perlu memiliki beragam kompetensi di bidang bangunan konstruksi. Salah satu kompetensi yang dibutuhkan adalah kemampuan menyusun Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) yang berkaitan erat dengan kemampuan untuk mengimplementasikan konsep matematika. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat implementasi konsep dan kemampuan matematika pada proses penyusunan RAB bangunan konstruksi. Konsep matematika yang diteliti adalah aljabar, geometri, kalkulus, statistika, dan trigonometri. Kemampuan matematika yang diteliti adalah kemampuan penalaran, interpretasi, analisis, dan evaluasi terhadap informasi yang dimiliki untuk memecahkan masalah. Responden penelitian adalah mahasiswa tingkat akhir dan alumni Teknik Sipil Politeknik Negeri Jakarta (PNJ) yang sudah mendapatkan mata kuliah yang berkaitan dengan penyusunan RAB bangunan konstruksi dan diterapkan pada saat magang maupun bekerja. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan mengimplementasikan metode Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa konsep aljabar (mean: 4,196 dan 3,868), konsep geometri (mean: 4,170 dan 3,414), kemampuan penalaran (mean: 4,053 dan 3,461), dan kemampuan interpretasi (mean: 3,972 dan 3,548) tergolong pada kategori penting dan harus dikuasai. Tidak ada konsep dan kemampuan matematika yang masuk ke kategori tidak penting maupun tidak dikuasai berdasarkan persepsi responden. Dengan demikian, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa konsep dan kemampuan matematika sudah terimplementasi dengan baik namun perlu untuk ditingkatkan agar kemampuan penyusunan RAB bangunan konstruksi juga semakin meningkat
The use of electrospinning in the development of systems for buccal drug delivery: a review
Authors: Manfredi Márcia Azevedo Bastian , Silva Marcos Antonio Segatto , Merlini Cláudia
Published: October 2023

Electrospinning is a simple, low cost and versatile technology used for the manufacture of nanomaterials. The electrospun nanofibers produced are characterized by high porosity and large specific surface area, factors that make the membranes potentially useful in the development of systems for drug release. When it comes to drug release in the oral cavity, the nanofibers are highlighted due to the advantage of easy modulation of the drug release profile, by monitoring the morphology, porosity, chemical composition of the fibers and the electrospinning technique. In this sense, this study developed a literature review on the use of the electrospinning technique to obtain buccal drug delivery systems. Scientific articles published in the databases Science Direct and Embase were used, with the following descriptors and their combinations: [electrospinning] and [buccal drug delivery]. Articles published between 2013 and 2023 were considered. For the inclusion of the studies, the following criteria were used: articles published in English, experimental studies, and the descriptors should appear in the title, abstract, or keywords. Fourteen articles were included in the final analysis and from them it was verified the wide use of the electrospinning technique for the development of buccal drug delivery systems and the employment of active substances of various pharmacological classes. The analyzed studies conclude that the use of electro-spinning of drugs associated with other pharmaceutical excipients are promising tools in the development of drug delivery systems in the oral cavity, since they avoid first-pass hepatic metabolism, enzymatic degradation of the drug, present ease of administration and allow easy removal of the system in case of adverse events.
Comparison of classification criteria for giant cell arteritis
Authors: Filatova E. , Bulanov N. , Borodin O.O. , Meshkov A.D. , Smitienko I.O. , Chachilo E. , Nartov A. , Suvorov A. , Filatova A. , Naumov A.V. , Iwanitsky L.V. , Novikov P. , Moiseev S.
Published: October 2023

To compare the diagnostic value of classification criteria for giant cell arteritis (GCA).
Estrategia Horizonte África: una revisión para los próximos años
Authors: Países Mediterráneos, África y Oriente Medio Subdirección General de
Published: October 2023

La Secretaría de Estado de Comercio lanzó la Estrategia Horizonte África en 2020 y tres años después se ha revisado. Para ello, la Subdirección General de Países Mediterráneos, África y Oriente Medio ha realizado una encuesta en la que han participado once oficinas económicas y comerciales de las embajadas de España, treinta y una empresas con sede en España y sesenta con presencia en los países objetivo. Para esta revisión se han tenido en cuenta los datos más actuales relativos a dimensión del mercado, estabilidad macroeconómica y financiera, grado de apertura y acceso al mercado, exportación española y su potencial, inversión española y su evolución reciente, e interés de las empresas españolas en los distintos países y sectores. Las conclusiones obtenidas han llevado a incluir en la estrategia a Sudáfrica, Nigeria y Angola como países prioritarios, así como adoptar una serie de medidas concretas para la mejora de los instrumentos institucionales y financieros.
Lacking, needing, and wanting
Authors: Hunter David
Published: October 2023

I offer a novel conception of the nature of wanting. According to it, wanting is lacking something one needs. Lacking is not a normative notion but needing is, and that is how goodness figures in to wanting. What a thing needs derives from what it is to be a good thing of its kind. In people, wanting is connected to both knowledge and the will. A person can know that she wants something and can act on that knowledge. When she does, she is acting in light of that want and her want is a reason why she acted. There is a close connection between wanting and our wills, not just because we can sometimes choose how to get what we need, but because our choices can determine what we want. We can't simply choose to want something, but in deciding how to live our lives, who to be, and what to pursue, we are free to settle what we want, at least within limits. These connections to knowledge and the will make human wanting rich and morally relevant, but they don't transform human wanting into something special. Wanting is everywhere just a matter of lacking something one needs.
Open science datasets from PREVENT-AD, a longitudinal cohort of pre-symptomatic Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Tremblay-Mercier Jennifer , Madjar Cécile , Das Samir , Binette Alexa Pichet , O. M. Dyke Stephanie , Etienne Pierre , Lafaille-Magnan Marie-Élyse , Remz Jordana , Bellec Pierre , Louis Collins D. , Rajah M. Natasha , Bohbot Veronique D. , Leoutsakos Jeannie-Marie , Iturria-Medina Yasser , Kat Justin , Hoge Richard D. , Gauthier Serge , Tardif Christine Lucas , Chakravarty M. Mallar , Jean-baptiste Poline  , Rosa-Neto Pedro , C. Evans Alan , Villeneuve Sylvia , Poirier Judes , Breitner John C. S. , Group the PREVENT-AD Research
Published: October 2023

To move Alzheimer Disease (AD) research forward it is essential to collect data from large cohorts, but also make such data available to the global research community. We describe the creation of an open science dataset from the PREVENT-AD (PResymptomatic EValuation of Experimental or Novel Treatments for AD) cohort, composed of cognitively unimpaired older individuals with a parental or multiple-sibling history of AD. From 2011 to 2017, 386 participants were enrolled (mean age 63 years old ± 5) for sustained investigation among whom 349 have retrospectively agreed to share their data openly. Repositories are findable through the unified interface of the Canadian Open Neuroscience Platform and contain up to five years of longitudinal imaging data, cerebral fluid biochemistry, neurosensory capacities, cognitive, genetic, and medical information. Imaging data can be accessed openly at https://openpreventad.loris.ca while most of the other information, sensitive by nature, is accessible by qualified researchers at https://registeredpreventad.loris.ca. In addition to being a living resource for continued data acquisition, PREVENT-AD offers opportunities to facilitate understanding of AD pathogenesis.
Multielement Episodic Encoding in Young and Older Adults
Authors: James Taylor , Rajah M. Natasha , Duarte Audrey
Published: October 2023

Previous research on age-related associative memory deficits has generally focused on memory for single associations. However, our real-world experiences contain a multitude of details that must be effectively integrated and encoded into coherent representations to facilitate subsequent retrieval of the event as a whole. How aging interferes with the processes necessary for multielement encoding is still unknown. We investigated this issue in the current fMRI study. While undergoing scanning, young and older adults were presented with an occupation and an object and were asked to judge how likely the two were to interact, either in general or within the context of a given scene. After scanning, participants completed recognition tasks for the occupation–object pairs and the sources/contexts with which the pairs were studied. Using multivariate behavioral partial least squares analyses, we identified a set of regions including anterior pFC and medial-temporal lobes whose activity was beneficial to subsequent memory for the pairs and sources in young adults but detrimental in older adults. An additional behavioral partial least squares analysis found that, although both groups recruited anterior pFC areas to support context memory performance, only in the young did this activity appear to reflect integration of the occupation, object, and scene features. This was also consistent with behavioral results, which found that young adults showed greater conditional dependence between pair and context memory compared with older adults. Together, these findings suggest that binding and/or retrieving multiple details as an integrated whole becomes increasingly difficult with age.
Volume of the posterior hippocampus mediates age-related differences in spatial context memory and is correlated with increased activity in lateral frontal, parietal and occipital regions in healthy aging
Authors: Snytte Jamie , Fenerci Can , Rajagopal Sricharana , Beaudoin Camille , Hooper Kiera , Sheldon Signy , Olsen Rosanna K. , Rajah M. Natasha
Published: October 2023

Healthy aging is associated with episodic memory decline, particularly in the ability to encode and retrieve object-context associations (context memory). Neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies have highlighted the importance of the medial temporal lobes (MTL) in supporting episodic memory across the lifespan. However, given the functional heterogeneity of the MTL, volumetric declines in distinct regions may impact performance on specific episodic memory tasks, and affect the function of the large-scale neurocognitive networks supporting episodic memory encoding and retrieval. In the current study, we investigated how MTL structure may mediate age-related differences in performance on spatial and temporal context memory tasks, in a sample of 125 healthy adults aged 19-76 years old. Standard T1-weighted MRIs were segmented into the perirhinal, entorhinal and parahippocampal cortices, as well as the anterior and posterior hippocampal subregions. We observed negative linear and quadratic associations between age and volume of the parahippocampal cortex, and anterior and posterior hippocampal subregions. We also found that volume of the posterior hippocampus fully mediated the association between age and spatial, but not temporal context memory performance. Further, we employed a multivariate behavior partial-least-squares analysis to assess how age and regional MTL volumes correlated with brain activity during the encoding and retrieval of spatial context memories. We found that greater activity within lateral prefrontal, parietal, and occipital regions, as well as within the anterior MTL was related to older age and smaller volume of the posterior hippocampus. Our results highlight the heterogeneity of MTL contributions to episodic memory across the lifespan and provide support for the posterior-anterior shift in aging, and scaffolding theory of aging and cognition.
Interactive rather than independent effect of APOE and sex potentiates tau deposition in women
Authors: Wang Yi-Ting , Pascoal Tharick A. , Therriault Joseph , Kang Min-Su , Benedet Andréa L. , Savard Melissa , Tissot Cécile , Lussier Firoza Z. , Fernandez Arias Jaime , Mathotaarachchi Sulantha , Rajah M. Natasha , Gauthier Serge , Rosa-Neto Pedro
Published: October 2023

The apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) is the most important genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer disease, with the ε4 allele being associated with increased cerebral amyloid-β and tau pathologies. Although APOE has been suggested to have a stronger effect in women as compared to men, there is a lack of comprehensive assessment on how the interactive effect of APOE and sex modulates regional vulnerability to tau accumulation. We previously have shown the regional vulnerability to the interactive effect of tau and APOE, yet the sex difference was not specifically addressed. In this study, we leveraged PET imaging data from the Translational Biomarkers in Aging and Dementia cohort at McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging to elucidate the APOE-by-sex interactive effect on tau burden. We hypothesized sex-dependent regional vulnerability to tau deposition. PET radiopharmaceuticals [18F]AZD4694 and [18F]MK6240 were used to assess amyloid-β and tau level respectively in 277 subjects from the Translational Biomarkers in Aging and Dementia cohort. We found that the interaction between APOE and sex, rather than their independent main effects, was associated with abnormal tau accumulation in medial temporal regions. Specifically, we found that female APOEε4 carriers showed significantly higher tau burden in early tau deposition regions including the hippocampus, entorhinal and parahippocampal cortices, after accounting for age, educational attainment, clinical diagnosis and neocortical amyloid load. We replicated these findings in 221 subjects from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort, in which a different tau-PET radioligand, [18F]flortaucipir, was used to assess tau burden. In conclusion, this study provides evidence from two cohort studies that interactive rather than independent effect of APOE and sex potentiates early tau deposition in women. Our results have important implications for clinical trials and practice, which should take into consideration both APOEε4 carriage status and sex for identifying individuals with the highest probability of developing tau accumulation and clinical progression.

 
Age- and Episodic Memory-related Differences in Task-based Functional Connectivity in Women and Men
Authors: Subramaniapillai Sivaniya , Rajagopal Sricharana , Ankudowich Elizabeth , Pasvanis Stamatoula , Misic Bratislav , Rajah M. Natasha
Published: October 2023

Aging is associated with episodic memory decline and changes in functional brain connectivity. Understanding whether and how biological sex influences age- and memory performance-related functional connectivity has important theoretical implications for the cognitive neuroscience of memory and aging. Here, we scanned 161 healthy adults between 19 and 76 years of age in an event-related fMRI study of face-location spatial context memory. Adults were scanned while performing easy and difficult versions of the task at both encoding and retrieval. We used multivariate whole-brain partial least squares connectivity to test the hypothesis that there are sex differences in age- and episodic memory performance-related functional connectivity. We examined how individual differences in age and retrieval accuracy correlated with task-related connectivity. We then repeated this analysis after disaggregating the data by self-reported sex. We found that increased encoding and retrieval-related connectivity within the dorsal attention network (DAN), and between DAN and frontoparietal network and visual networks, were positively correlated to retrieval accuracy and negatively correlated with age in both sexes. We also observed sex differences in age- and performance-related functional connectivity: (a) Greater between-networks integration was apparent at both levels of task difficulty in women only, and (b) increased DAN-default mode network connectivity with age was observed in men and was correlated with poorer memory performance. Therefore, the neural correlates of age-related episodic memory decline differ in women and men and have important theoretical and clinical implications for the cognitive neuroscience of memory, aging, and dementia prevention.
The impact of the Siemens Tim Trio to Prisma upgrade and the addition of volumetric navigators on cortical thickness, structure volume, and 1 H-MRS indices: An MRI reliability study with implications for longitudinal study designs
Authors: Plitman Eric , Bussy Aurélie , Valiquette Vanessa , Salaciak Alyssa , Patel Raihaan , Cupo Lani , Béland Marie-Lise , Tullo Stephanie , Tardif Christine Lucas , Rajah M. Natasha , Near Jamie , Devenyi Gabriel A. , Chakravarty M. Mallar
Published: October 2023

Many magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures are being studied longitudinally to explore topics such as biomarker detection and clinical staging. A pertinent concern to longitudinal work is MRI scanner upgrades. When upgrades occur during the course of a longitudinal MRI neuroimaging investigation, there may be an impact on the compatibility of pre- and post-upgrade measures. Similarly, subject motion is another issue that may be detrimental to MRI work and embedding volumetric navigators (vNavs) within acquisition sequences has emerged as a technique that allows for prospective motion correction. Our research group recently underwent an upgrade from a Siemens MAGNETOM 3T Tim Trio system to a Siemens MAGNETOM 3T Prisma Fit system. The goals of the current work were to: 1) investigate the impact of this upgrade on commonly used structural imaging measures and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy indices (“Prisma Upgrade protocol”) and 2) examine structural imaging measures in a sequence with vNavs alongside a standard acquisition sequence (“vNav protocol”). While high reliability was observed for most of the investigated MRI outputs, suboptimal reliability was observed for certain indices. Across the scanner upgrade, increases in frontal, temporal, and cingulate cortical thickness (CT) and thalamus volume, along with decreases in parietal CT and amygdala, globus pallidus, hippocampus, and striatum volumes, were observed. No significant impact of the upgrade was found in 1H-MRS analyses. Further, CT estimates were found to be larger in MPRAGE acquisitions compared to vNav-MPRAGE acquisitions mainly within temporal areas, while the opposite was found mostly in parietal brain regions. The results from this work should be considered in longitudinal study designs and comparable prospective motion correction investigations are warranted in cases of marked head movement.
ПРОГРАМА ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ ПЕДАГОГІВ, ЯКІ НАВЧАЮТЬ ДІТЕЙ З ПОРУШЕННЯМИ СЛУХУ, В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ ТА ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ УКРАЇНИ (МОДУЛІ 4, 5 ТА КУРС З ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ ПІДТРИМКИ)
Authors: Литовченко Світлана , Таранченко Oксана , Жук Валентина , Литвинова Віра , Шевченко Володимир , Вовченко Ольга
Published: October 2023

Модель сучасного педагога передбачає готовність до застосування нових освітянських ідей, здатність навчатися, бути у постійному творчому пошуку, володіти інтерактивно-комунікативними технологіями та засобами дистанційної форми роботи. Це потребує неперервного професійного розвитку, самоосвіти, підвищення кваліфікації. Актуальність проблеми зумовлює мету статті: представити «Програму підвищення кваліфікації педагогів, які навчають дітей з порушеннями слуху, в умовах воєнного стану та відновлення України» (модулі 4, 5 та курс з психологічної підтримки), підготовлену за результатами дослідження «Науково-методичне забезпечення навчання дітей раннього та дошкільного віку з порушеннями слуху» (2021-2023). Дослідження виконувалося відділом освіти дітей з порушеннями слуху Інституту спеціальної педагогіки і психології імені Миколи Ярмаченка НАПН України. Перша частина «Програми підвищення кваліфікації педагогів, які навчають дітей з порушеннями слуху, в умовах воєнного стану та відновлення України» (вступ та модулі 1-3) представлено у попередній публікації (збірник «Освіта осіб з особливими потребами: шляхи розбудови», Випуск 22, 2023). Основними методами визначено: теоретичний аналіз літературних джерел та результатів сучасних досліджень, представлених у наукових виданнях, зокрема включених до наукометричних баз даних Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science та ін.; аналіз нормативно-правових документів, сайтів закладів освіти та установ; узагальнення досвіду проведення курсів підвищення кваліфікації педагогів в Інституті спеціальної педагогіки і психології імені Миколи Ярмаченка НАПН України. На виконання окреслених завдань: презентовано «Програму підвищення кваліфікації педагогів, які навчають дітей з порушеннями слуху, в умовах воєнного стану та відновлення України», зокрема зміст 4, 5 модулів та курс з психологічної підтримки учасників освітнього процесу: учнів, педагогів, батьків. За результатами апробації програму рекомендовано до впровадження в системі підвищення кваліфікації психолого-педагогічних кадрів (спеціальних закладів освіти, закладів з інклюзивним навчанням, інклюзивно-ресурсних центрів), а також системі вищої освіти для формування професійної компетентності майбутніх фахівців психолого-педагогічного профілю.
Efficiency Analysis of Middle-Income Countries in Terms of Health Indicators for the Covid Process
Authors: ACAR Elif , GÖKKAYA Durmuş , ŞENOL Osman
Published: October 2023

Systems transform their current inputs into outputs to achieve their goals and objectives. Efficiency analysis is used to describe the degree to which a system achieves its goals using its resources. Pandemics similar to the Covid process may recur, and countries must use their existing resources more effectively in these struggles. The scope of this study was to evaluate the struggle of middle-income countries with Covid-19 within the scope of certain health indicators according to the World Bank's income classification by using the DEA, one of the methods used to measure the effectiveness of health systems. The ratio of GDP devoted to health services, the number of patient beds, the number of doctors per thousand population, the number of nurses and midwives per thousand population, and finally, the amount of health expenditure per capita were selected as the input variables in the study. The number of people recovering from Covid-19 disease per 100,000 people, total cases per 1 million people, total deaths per 1 million people, and total number of tests per million people were selected as the output variables in the study. The VZA input-oriented CCR model was used in the study. The reasons for the inefficiency of inefficient countries have been identified. In order for these countries to be located on the effective border, the targeted values have been revealed. Based on the efficient countries, potential improvements are made in the input values of the inefficient countries and the input values that can increase their efficiency are calculated. As a result of the study, 18 countries out of 47 countries were located in the effective border. Finally, the reasons for the inefficiency of the countries below the efficient frontier were calculated using the multiple linear regression analysis method, and the suggestions for necessary corrections were presented.

The VZA input-oriented CCR model was used in the study. The reasons for the inefficiency of inefficient countries have been identified. In order for these countries to be located on the effective border, the targeted values have been revealed. Based on the efficient countries, potential improvements are made in the input values of the inefficient countries and the input values that can increase their efficiency are calculated. As a result of the study, 18 countries out of 47 countries were located in the effective border. Finally, the reasons for the inefficiency of the countries below the efficient frontier were calculated using the multiple linear regression analysis method, and the suggestions for necessary corrections were presented.
Köklü Geçmişten Güçlü Geleceğe Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı: Küresel Ekonomik-Siyasal Potansiyeli ve Teşkilatın Geleceğine Dair Öngörüler
Authors: ÇINAR Yusuf , UZUN Yılmaz Ulvi
Published: October 2023

Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı bilindiği üzere daha önce literatürde; Türk Konseyi veya Türk Dili Konuşan Ülkeler İşbirliği Konseyi olarak yer almış olup, günümüzde ise isim olarak son halini Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı olarak almıştır. Türk devletleri Teşkilatı; Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Kırgızistan, Özbekistan ve Türkiye'nin üye, Macaristan, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti ve Türkmenistan'ın gözlemci ülkeler statüsünde yer aldığı ve Türk devletlerinin oluşturduğu bir uluslararası kuruluş olarak ortaya çıktığı bilinmektedir. Teşkilatın ortak amacı; Türk dillerini konuşan ülkeler arasında kapsamlı işbirliklerini teşvik etmek ve bu işbirliklerini geliştirmek şeklinde belirlenmiş olmakla birlikte günümüzün uluslararası siyasi ve ekonomik konjonktürel gelişmeleri de bölgede güçlü bir uluslararası işbirliğinin kurulmasını önemli bir ihtiyaç haline getirmiştir. Bu çalışmamızda; Türk Devletleri Teşkilatının geçmişten günümüze kadar yaşamış olduğu tarihsel süreç ile Teşkilatın küresel ekonomik ve küresel siyasi potansiyeli detaylı bir şekilde ele alınarak açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca teşkilatın güçlü yönleri, zayıf yönleri ve yararlanabileceği fırsatlar ile karşılaşabileceği olası tehdit unsurları swot analizi ile ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bunun yanında çalışmada Teşkilatın geleceğine dair öngörülerde açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
DergiPark’ta Yayınlanan Türk Dünyası İçerikli Makalelerin Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: ÇELİK Fatih , GÜLLÜ Kenan
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada, DergiPark platformunda yer alan akademik çalışmaların “Türk Dünyası” içeriğinde profilini çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, 2023 yılı itibarı ile son 10 yılda DergiPark’ta yayınlanmış olan “Türk Dünyası” konulu makalelerin bibliyometrik profili ortaya konulmuştur. Söz konusu periyotta DergiPark platformunda yer alan toplam 238 makale bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, yazarları, yazarların kurumları, yazarların ünvanları, yayın dili ve anahtar kelimeleri itibarı ile analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca incelenen makalelere ait anahtar kelimeler içerisinde “Türk”, “Türk Coğrafyaları” ve “Türk Dünyası Turizm Varlıkları” içeriği dikkate alınarak tarama yapılmış ve çıkan sonuçlar bulutlama yöntemi ile özetlenmiştir. DergiPark’ta en çok makalenin 194 adet olmak üzere 2017-2021 yılları arasında yayınlandığı, yayın dili olarak Türkçe, İngilizce, Azerbaycan ve Kazak Türkçesi kullanıldığı, yayınlandıkları dergilerin sahipliklerine göre %60 oranında kamu dergisi ve makalelerin %80 oranında tek yazarlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Türk Dünyası içerikli makalelere en çok Gazi Üniversitesi ve Ege Üniversitesinin katkı yaptığı, bulutlama yönteminde en çok Azerbaycan, Dede Korkut ve Destan kelimelerinin öne çıktığı görülmüştür.