bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obstructive factors encountered when using immersive technology in tourism heritage: the moderating effect of the personal capability via SEM-PLS process
Authors: Zhang Hang Jun , Chan Wilco Wai Hung , Qiu Hanqin , Imon Sharif Shams
Published: November 2024

Purpose

There is a void in systematically assessing obstructive factors as antecedents in the technology acceptance model (TAM). Three obstructive factors are investigated, namely, discomfort, insecurity and risk. Besides, this study aims to propose the moderator – personal capability (PC) and tested its effects on the relationship between perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEU) and behavioral intention (BI).

Design/methodology/approach

Quantitative data analysis was used to verify the adapted model by using Smart PLS4. The data from 327 valid respondents are analyzed.

Findings

Discomfort is a significant antecedent impacting both PU and PEU. Insecurity and risk are inhibitors of PEU and PU, respectively. This study contributes to the scarce literature on the moderating effects of PC that moderates the influence between PU and BI positively.

Originality/value

This study contributes a new TAM extension by incorporating obstructive factors and exploring the moderating role of personal capability about AR Glasses. This research also enables innovation companies to enhance the design of their products and services via users’ feedback.
Intellectual capital forecasting for invention patent through machine learning model
Authors: Wang Mei-Hsin , Che Hui-Chung
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This research explores support vector machine (SVM) with Gaussian radial basis function kernel (RBF) as the model and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for forecasting the invalidation re-examination decisions of China invention patents, it is beneficial to support patent monetization for corporate intellectual capital.

Design/methodology/approach

There were 8,666 China invention patents with their existing invalidation re-examination decisions during 2000∼2021 chosen to conduct classification model training and prediction for the accuracy of invalidation re-examination decisions through SVM with RBF. Statistical significance was performed by ANOVA to identify indicators for these invention patents selected in this research. These selected 8,666 China invention patents were divided into two groups based on their invalidation re-examination decisions during 2000∼2021 in Table 1, which Group 1 included 5,974 invention patents with all valid or partially valid claims, and Group 0 included 2,692 invention patents with all invalid claims. Thereafter, each group was further divided into sub-groups based on 13 major regions where the applicants filed invalidation re-examination. The training sets for Group 1, Group 0 and the sub-groups were selected based on the patent issued in January, February, April, May, July, August, October and November; while the prediction sets were selected from the invention patents issued in March, June, September and December.

Findings

The training and prediction accuracies were compared to the existing invalidation re-examination decisions. Accuracies of training sets were ranged from 100% in region 7 (Beijing) and region 9 (Shanghai) to 95.95% in region 1 (US), and the average accuracy of invalidation re-examination decisions was 98.95%. While the accuracies of prediction sets for Group 1 were ranged from 100.00% in region 7 (Beijing) to 90.78% in region 13 (Overseas-others), and the average accuracy of classification was 95.96%, this research’s outcomes confirmed the purpose of applying SVM with RBF to predict the patentability sustainability.

Originality/value

This research developed an empirical method through SVM with RBF to predict patentability sustainability which is crucial for corporate intellectual capital on patents. In particular, the investments on patents are huge, including the patent cultivation and maintenance, developments into products or services, patent litigations and dispute managements. Therefore, this research is beneficial not only for corporation, but also for research organisations to perform cost-effective and profitable patent strategies on intellectual capital.
Digitalizing corporate whistleblowing systems: the role of country peers in the adoption of substantive CSR initiatives
Authors: Rahmatdi Rahmatdi
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This study aims to examine whether companies adopt digital platforms for corporate whistleblowing systems (CWSs), as more substantive corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, by following the existing practices of their industry peers (competitive pressure) and/or geographical location peers (legitimacy pressure).

Design/methodology/approach

This study identifies 446 focal companies in the European Economic Area that introduced new CWSs during 2017–2021. Then, the peers are defined as companies with existing CWS practices that are similar in size to each focal company. Using a quantitative approach, this study uses a logistic regression model.

Findings

This study finds that companies are more likely to adopt digital CWS if their country peers (not, industry peers) have done so, especially the ones operated in countries where governments build CSR partnerships with companies through cooperative consensus. However, the role of country peers is less prominent when companies have CSR committees.

Practical implications

This study shows the importance of country norms over competitive pressure in CSR. Nevertheless, the results offer additional insights for policy-makers by showing that country regulations mandating CWSs are not significant in promoting the adoption of digital CWS nor reducing the role of country peers.

Social implications

Providing CWSs with digital platforms may show corporate commitment to better preventing social misconduct and improving social responsibility.

Originality/value

While most literature focuses on the role of industry peers and/or community peers in a single-country setting, this study examines the role of country peers specifically on digitalization regarding CSR and governance.
The influence of perceived financial security on social intention entrepreneurs in Tunisia
Authors: Fitouri Mohamed , Zouaoui Samia Karoui
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Although a limited number of studies have suggested that financial factors significantly impact social entrepreneurs, the extent to which financial incentives influence the likelihood of starting a new social venture remains unclear. This paper aims to examine the role of perceived financial stability in shaping the propensity to embark on a new social entrepreneurial venture within a specific socio-economic context.

Design/methodology/approach

This study introduces perceived financial stability as a new determinant of social entrepreneurial intention (SEI) and uses two distinct measurement tools to validate this model. Separate statistical analyses are conducted using groups of samples (n = 204) to test the influence of perceived financial stability alongside other factors such as perceived social support and entrepreneurial social self-efficacy.

Findings

The results reveal that perceived financial stability, perceived social support and entrepreneurial social self-efficacy are all independent direct predictors of SEI. These factors also moderate the relationship between past experience and SEI. The study culminates in the development of the Hockerts model, highlighting the critical role of perceived financial stability in driving SEIs.

Originality/value

This research provides novel insights into how concerns about future financial security influence social entrepreneurs. It underscores the importance of perceived financial stability as a significant precursor to SEIs, offering a deeper understanding of the motivations behind social entrepreneurship.
Efficient Neutralizing Antibodies Induction by Human Parvovirus B19 Epitope‐Presenting Protein Nanoparticles
Authors: Kimura Sakika , Suzuki Hidehiko , Hatakeyama Yu , Noguchi Takafumi , Ii Koga , Nakamura Kazumasa , Ebina Hirotaka , Morita Eiji
Published: November 2024

Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) causes fetal hydrops in pregnant women. Despite the significant impact of this virus, effective vaccines remain unclear. In this study, we successfully engineered B19V protein nanoparticles by fusing the N‐terminal receptor‐binding domain corresponding to 5–80 amino acids of VP1 with two distinct types of self‐assembling protein nanoparticles. Gel filtration and electron microscopic analysis confirmed the spherical assembly of the antigen‐fused nanoparticles. The purified nanoparticles are efficiently bound to the surface of UT7/Epo‐S1 cells, which are semi‐permissive hosts for B19V infection. Immunization of BALB/c mice with VP1u 5–80 nanoparticles elicited a robust production of B19V‐specific IgG antibodies compared to single VP1u 5–80 peptides. Moreover, a neutralization assay using B19V derived from a blood donor sample revealed that antibodies from mice immunized with VP1u 5–80 nanoparticles exhibited stronger infection‐neutralizing activity. These findings suggest that nanoparticle formation plays a crucial role in enhancing the immunogenicity of the B19V VP1u 5–80 amino acid peptide and that these nanoparticles could serve as promising vaccine candidates, effectively inducing immunity against B19V.
Streamflow simulation improvements enabled by a state‐of‐the‐art algorithm for reservoir routing in the U.S. National Water Model
Authors: Li Donghui , Vora Anav , Cai Ximing
Published: November 2024

This study investigates whether improvements could be achieved for the United States National Water Model (NWM) by using a data‐driven reservoir operation simulation algorithm, that is, the generic data‐driven reservoir operation model (GDROM), to replace the existing reservoir representation in NWM for reservoir routing in streamflow simulation. The evaluations of NWM versus NWM + GDROM are conducted using 41‐year NWM retrospective simulation products during 1979 to 2020. The results show that NWM + GDROM exhibits significant improvement to NWM in both the entire Contiguous U.S. (CONUS) and various regions. It is found that the accuracy of reservoir inflow and storage values affects the NWM + GDROM improvement. When driven by observed storage (which is usually more accurate than modeled storage) or more accurately simulated inflow, NWM + GDROM produces more significant improvements in reservoir outflow simulations in all the study CONUS regions. Especially, since high flows are more accurately simulated by NWM than low flows, NWM + GDROM has larger improvement for the simulation of high flows than low flows.
Viscoelastic haemostatic assays to guide therapy in elective surgery: an updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dias Joao D. , Levy Jerrold H. , Tanaka Kenichi A. , Zacharowski Kai , Hartmann Jan
Published: November 2024

Background

Patients undergoing major surgery frequently experience major uncontrolled bleeding. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of using viscoelastic haemostatic assays to manage peri‐operative bleeding in elective surgery.

Methods

We searched PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases for randomised controlled trials according to pre‐determined criteria. The primary outcomes were blood product requirements; duration of stay in the operating theatre or ICU; and surgical reintervention rate.

Results

We included 20 randomised controlled trials. The overall risk of bias was low to moderate. Twelve studies used thromboelastography‐based transfusion algorithms, while eight used thromboelastometry. Viscoelastic haemostatic assay‐guided therapy was associated with a statistically significant reduction in transfusion of red blood cells (standardised mean difference (95%CI) 0.16 (‐0.29 to 0.02)), platelets (standardised mean difference (95%CI) ‐0.33 (‐0.56 to ‐0.10)) and fresh frozen plasma (standardised mean difference (95%CI) ‐0.64 (‐1.01 to ‐0.28)). There was no evidence of an effect of viscoelastic haemostatic assay‐guided therapy on surgical reintervention (relative risk (95%CI) 1.09 (0.70–1.69)). Viscoelastic haemostatic assay‐guided therapy was associated with lower blood loss and shorter ICU duration of stay. There was no evidence of any effect on total duration of stay and all‐cause mortality.

Conclusions

Viscoelastic haemostatic assay‐guided therapy may reduce peri‐operative blood product transfusion requirements and blood loss during major elective surgery, with no discernible effect on patient‐centred outcomes. The overall quality of evidence was modest.
A single‐session growth mindset intervention among Chinese junior secondary school students
Authors: Yu Cheng , Zhao Shan , Jin Ling , Wang Yaqiong , Lin Danhua
Published: November 2024

Brief, low‐cost growth mindset interventions improving academic‐related outcomes can be valuable. However, less is known regarding their effectiveness on learning motivation, behaviors, and academic performance in non‐Western cultures like China. This study aimed to examine the effects of a single‐session growth mindset intervention on Chinese junior secondary students during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We recruited 618 Chinese junior secondary school students from two schools and cluster‐randomly assigned them to be the intervention school (n = 311) or the control school (n = 307). Data was collected during the fall semester of 2019 and the spring semester of 2020. Compared with the control school, students in the intervention school reported stronger growth mindset (partial η2 = 0.02, p < .001), academic self‐efficacy (partial η2 = 0.02, p < .001), study engagement (partial η2 = 0.01, p = .041), and improved Chinese performance (partial η2 = 0.07, p < .001), with lower helpless attributions (partial η2 = 0.03, p < .001) over time. The intervention had direct and indirect effects (i.e., via the growth mindset) on helpless attributions and academic self‐efficacy, with an indirect effect on study engagement.The results support the effectiveness of the brief growth mindset intervention.
Effects of age on accuracy of advanced imaging modalities in identifying intervertebral disc extrusions in Dachshunds
Authors: Giles A , Gal A , Wilson L
Published: November 2024

Objective

The aim of this study was to ascertain whether patient age was a significant factor for the accurate identification of compressive intervertebral disc extrusions (IVDE) in Dachshunds using non‐contrast computed tomography (CT).

Methods

This retrospective analysis encompassed 150 Dachshunds evaluated for suspected IVDE at a referral hospital in south‐eastern Queensland, Australia. Each case underwent diagnostic evaluation by CT, either with or without myelography, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), followed by surgical intervention for an intervertebral disc extrusion.

Results

In the <9‐year dog cohort, 94.7% (71/75) were diagnosed with IVDE via non‐contrast CT and proceeded to surgery. In contrast, the ≥9‐year dog cohort, only 56% (42/75) were diagnosed via non‐contrast CT, with the remaining 44% (33/75) necessitating CT myelography or MRI for diagnosis. The odds of requiring CT myelography or MRI increased 13.95‐fold (95% CI, 4.62–42.13) in Dachshunds aged 9 years or older. Furthermore, each additional year of age was associated with a 0.60 increase in the odds of undergoing these advanced imaging modalities (CT myelography or MRI) (95% CI, 0.49–0.74).

Conclusions

Age significantly affected the efficacy of non‐contrast CT in diagnosing IVDE in Dachshunds. Dogs aged 9 years and above were substantially more likely to require CT myelography or MRI due to the reduced visibility of disc extrusions on non‐contrast CT. Veterinarians performing advanced imaging on older Dachshunds for suspected IVDE should be aware of the limitations of non‐contrast CT in obtaining an accurate diagnosis and localisation of IVDE, and be prepared to perform either CT myelography or MRI if required.
Ethical considerations for non‐procreative uterus transplantation
Authors: Lee J. Y.
Published: November 2024

The growing demand for uterus transplantation (UTx) invites continued philosophical evaluation of the function of UTx (and what constitutes its ‘success’), as well as the recipient eligibility for UTx. Currently, UTx caters to partnered, cisgender women of childbearing age looking to get pregnant and give birth to a biogenetically related child. The medical justification for this—the treatment of uterine infertility—explains the primacy of this practice. However, this dominant conceptualization of UTx does not necessarily capture the diverse needs for which both cis‐ and transgender women might take interest in UTx that are not strictly procreative, such as bodily integrity and gender identity reasons. In this paper, I argue that non‐procreative motivations for uterus acquisition ought to be taken seriously as a matter of non‐discrimination and consistency.
Two‐year‐olds selectively seek help, but not based on helper maturity
Authors: Raport Alexandra , Ipek Canan , Park Joanna , Moll Henrike
Published: November 2024

Help‐seeking is a strategy by which children signal their need for social learning. In three experiments, we examined when and from whom 2‐year‐old (N = 146 children; mean age = 31.4 months) US children from diverse ethnoracial and economic backgrounds (62% White; 9% Latine; 24% low‐income) seek help in problem‐solving contexts. In Experiment 1, children sought more help when unfamiliar (and thus unable to solve) than when familiar with a problem. In Experiment 2, children selectively sought help from knowledgeable as opposed to ignorant helpers. Against our prediction, children in neither experiment preferred mature (adult) over immature (infant or peer) helpers. In Experiment 3, children again did not prefer mature over immature helpers when helpers were depicted with realistic photos instead of line drawings (as in Experiments 1 and 2). We discuss the findings in relation to children's knowledge of their status as social learners.
Personalized interventions for behaviour change: A scoping review of just‐in‐time adaptive interventions
Authors: Hsu Ting‐Chen Chloe , Whelan Pauline , Gandrup Julie , Armitage Christopher J. , Cordingley Lis , McBeth John
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Examine the development, implementation and evaluation of just‐in‐time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) in behaviour change and evaluate the quality of intervention reporting.

Methods

A scoping review of JITAIs incorporating mobile health (mHealth) technologies to improve health‐related behaviours in adults. We searched MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO using terms related to JITAIs, mHealth, behaviour change and intervention methodology. Narrative analysis assessed theoretical foundations, real‐time data capturing and processing methods, outcome evaluation and summarized JITAI efficacy. Quality of intervention reporting was assessed using the template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist.

Results

Sixty‐two JITAIs across physical activity, sedentary behaviour, dietary behaviour, substance use, sexual behaviour, fluid intake, treatment adherence, social skills, gambling behaviour and self‐management skills were included. The majority (71%) aimed to evaluate feasibility, acceptability and/or usability. Supporting evidence for JITAI development was identified in 46 studies, with 67% applying this to develop tailored intervention content. Over half (55%) relied solely on self‐reported data for tailoring, and 13 studies used only passive monitoring data. While data processing methods were commonly reported, 44% did not specify their techniques. 89% of JITAI designs achieved full marks on the TIDieR checklist and provided sufficient details on JITAI components. Overall, JITAIs proved to be feasible, acceptable and user‐friendly across behaviours and settings. Randomized trials showed tailored interventions were efficacious, though outcomes varied by behaviour.

Conclusions

JITAIs offer a promising approach to developing personalized interventions, with their potential effects continuously growing. The recommended checklist emphasizes the importance of reporting transparency in establishing robust intervention designs.
The Rehabilitation of Partially Edentulous Maxilla With Unilateral Zygomatic Implants: A Retrospective Study up to 23 Years Follow‐Up
Authors: Fan Shengchi , Davo Ruben , Al‐Nawas Bilal , Valmaseda‐Castellón Eduard
Published: November 2024

Objectives

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes associated with zygomatic implant (ZI) rehabilitation in partially atrophic edentulous maxillae over a mean follow‐up period of more than 10.3 years.

Methods

All consecutive patients underwent ZI rehabilitation between 1999 and 2020, with a minimum follow‐up period of 3 years. The primary outcome was the implant survaival rate. Secondary outcomes included the prosthesis success rate, complications, and Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life.

Results

Of the 21 patients, treated with 27 ZIs and 48 conventional implants (CIs), 9 (42.9%) were females. The mean follow‐up was 10.3 ± 5.7 years (range 3.2–23.4). ZI and CI survival rates were 100% and 97.9%, respectively, with one CI that failed. Eleven patients received 12 CIs placed in the pterygoid and tuberosity region. Most of the implants (81.33%) were immediately loaded, with 17 patients (80.9%) receiving 21 acrylic bridges. Of the total of 26 definitive prosthesis, the success rate was 96.1%. Local inflammation (n = 2) and soft tissue recession (n = 1) were reported as complications, occurring at a mean follow‐up of 4.5 and 3.2 years, respectively. The mean score of the OHIP‐14 questionnaire was 1.19 ± 1.99.

Conclusions

Unilateral ZI rehabilitation was a predictable option for patients with partially atrophic edentulous maxilla who have experienced previous graft or implant failures, or who require immediate loading. Splinting the ZI with CI for restoration appeared to be essential in unilateral ZI treatment. Complications were infrequent and could be managed effectively, with patient‐reported outcomes indicating normalization in quality of life.
Metal stent versus plastic stent in endoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy for unresectable malignant biliary obstruction: Large single‐center retrospective comparative study
Authors: Yamashige Daiki , Hijioka Susumu , Nagashio Yoshikuni , Maruki Yuta , Komori Yasuhiro , Kuwada Masaru , Fukuda Soma , Yagi Shin , Okamoto Kohei , Agarie Daiki , Chatto Mark , Morizane Chigusa , Ueno Hideki , Sugawara Shunsuke , Sone Miyuki , Saito Yutaka , Okusaka Takuji
Published: November 2024

Objective

Whether metal stents (MS) or plastic stents (PS) yield better outcomes for malignant biliary obstruction in endoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS) is controversial. We aimed to compare outcomes of initial EUS‐HGS performed with MS or PS.

Methods

In this single‐center retrospective study, we included patients (MS/PS groups: n = 151/72) with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction and performed multivariable analysis. The landmark date was defined as day 100 and used to evaluate the time to recurrent biliary obstruction (TRBO).

Results

The clinical success rate was similar in both groups. The mean total bilirubin percentage decrease at week 2 was significantly higher in the MS group than in the PS group (−45.1% vs. −23.7%, P = 0.016). Median TRBO was significantly different between the MS and PS groups (183 and 92 days, respectively; P = 0.017). TRBO within 100 days was comparable in both groups but was significantly shorter only after 100 days in the PS group (adjusted hazard ratio 12.8, P < 0.001). Adverse events were significantly more common in the MS group (23.8% vs. 9.7%, P = 0.012), although they occurred relatively frequently even with PS in the cholangitis subgroup (Pinteraction = 0.034). After endoscopic re‐intervention, TRBO tended to be longer with revision PS (hazard ratio 0.40, P = 0.47).

Conclusions

Although MS provided early improvement of jaundice and long stent patency, PS provided a better safety profile and comparable stent patency until 100 days. PS might also be an adequate and optimal palliation method in EUS‐HGS.
Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting in left main disease according to patients' sex: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Meynet Pierre , Improta Riccardo , Carbone Maria Luisa , Pecoraro Martina , Pagliassotto Ilaria , Di Pietro Gianluca , Demetres Michelle , Bruno Francesco , Comitini Gaia , Leone Attilio , Martinengo Eleonora , Siliano Stefano , D'Ascenzo Fabrizio , Chieffo Alaide , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria , Gaudino Mario , Mancone Massimo , Di Franco Antonino , De Filippo Ovidio
Published: November 2024

Background

The role of sex in choosing between coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease has gained interest.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials and adjusted observational studies comparing PCI versus CABG in ULMCA patients with outcomes by sex were included. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), with secondary endpoints being all‐cause mortality and repeated revascularization.

Results

Ten studies (3 randomized, 7 observational) involving 22,141 ULMCA disease patients (13,411 PCI, 8730 CABG) with a median 5‐year follow‐up were included. Among males, PCI was associated with a higher risk of MACE (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–1.38), while no significant difference was seen in females. However, moderator analysis showed no significant interaction between sex and revascularization strategy for MACE (p for interaction .422). No differences in all‐cause mortality were observed between PCI and CABG for either sex. Repeated revascularization risk was significantly higher with PCI for both sexes (HR 3.51, 95% CI 2.21–5.59 in males and HR 4.20, 95% CI 2.57–6.87 in females).

Conclusions

In males with ULMCA disease, CABG was associated with a lower risk of MACE compared to PCI, while no significant differences were seen in females. The lack of a significant interaction between sex and revascularization strategy suggests that these findings may not reflect true sex‐based effect modification. PCI was linked to a higher risk of repeated revascularization in both sexes compared to CABG.

Trial registration

The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (ID: CRD42024537726).
The Adults Are Not Alright: Theorizing Adult Democratic Education from the Capability Approach
Authors: DeCesare Tony
Published: November 2024

Education‐related responses to our current democratic crisis have largely been focused on schooling children and youth. This narrow focus has foreclosed or diverted our attention from other possibilities for democratic education, especially as it relates to adult citizens and the ways in which such education can — and must — extend beyond schools and other formal educational institutions. In this paper, Tony DeCesare aims to theorize these possibilities in order to lay some philosophical groundwork for an idea of adult democratic education (ADE) that can help us combat our current democratic crisis and, more generally, strengthen our commitment to and practice of democracy. Drawing on the capability approach, he argues for prioritizing two related capabilities in our theorizing of ADE: (1) democratic capability, and (2) the capability to participate in ADE. These two capabilities are both deeply interconnected and central to a theoretical framework for ADE that is grounded in the capability approach.
Parents’ perceptions of cohesion in diverse stepfamilies
Authors: Fang Christian , Poortman Anne‐Rigt , Brons M.D. (Anne)
Published: November 2024

Objective

The goal was to assess how cohesive parents perceive their stepfamilies to be and to explain how cohesion relates to aspects of stepfamily structure.

Background

Cohesion is important to study as it can bolster the well‐being of stepfamily members. Prior research has mostly considered relationship qualities as predictors of cohesion. Little is known about differences in cohesion by family structure (i.e., whether parents have a shared child, whether the stepfamily is simple or complex, and in which households the respective children live).

Method

We analyzed data from a sample of Dutch divorced parents (N = 3,056) using linear regression.

Results

Parents perceived their stepfamilies as very cohesive. Having a shared child with the current partner was associated with higher perceptions of cohesion, whereas having a stepchild was associated with lower perceptions of cohesion. Non‐ or part‐time residency of parents' biological child from their previous relationship or their potential stepchild was associated with lower perceptions of cohesion. Cohesion was lowest in complex stepfamilies in which parents' biological children and potential stepchildren followed nonaligning residence arrangements.

Conclusion

Aspects of stepfamily structure appear to affect perceptions of stepfamily cohesion. These findings imply that well‐being of stepfamily members in complicated stepfamily structures might be lower.

Implications

To understand stepfamily cohesion and design therapeutic approaches for stepfamilies, it is crucial to look beyond relationship qualities and explicitly consider the role of stepfamily structure.
Fatigue Assessment of Copper‐Brazed Stainless‐Steel Joints for Plate Heat Exchangers
Authors: Hayta Yiğit , Kandemir Sinan
Published: November 2024

Cyclic pressures can cause fatigue failure in the brazed joints and plates of the plate heat exchangers (PHEs). This study examines the fatigue behavior of PHEs made from 316L and 304L steels brazed with copper foils employing strain‐controlled fatigue tests to explore if 304L could replace 316L in the existing production line for cost reduction. Fatigue tests were conducted at four different load levels with a stress ratio of zero and a frequency of 5 Hz. Finite Element Analysis was used to assess strain distribution and estimate PHE lifespan based on generated strain versus number of cycles to failure curves. The microstructural analysis revealed that copper diffuses more easily into 316L than 304L, and using 50 μm thick foil causes more defects compared with 100 μm foil. It was shown that 316L joints have a significantly increased fatigue life compared with 304L. Both 316L and 304L met the 15‐year lifetime requirement set by manufacturers.
Further Understanding of Formation Mechanisms of Micropits and Microcracks on Precision‐Bearing Raceway Surfaces Under Light Load Condition
Authors: Zhang Xiaochen , Wu Di , Hou Dongcen , Wang Jianqiu , Han En‐Hou
Published: November 2024

In this study, precision‐bearing samples were tested on bearing test bench under light load condition for different time periods. Surface morphologies of damage bearing samples were characterized from two aspects (2D and 3D) by various methods. Numerous micropits can be observed on surfaces of raceways and steel balls. Combing with surface damage morphologies and thickness of oil films, it can be speculated that main formation mechanism of micropits is that the surface asperities puncture the oil film firstly and then squeezed into surface in contact with it. Potential effect of vibration during the formation process of micropits had been found by repetitive experiments on RCF test machine. Micropits can form more easily under higher vibration values. Surface microcracks can initiate and propagate with the synergistic effects of repeated plastic deformation and oxide‐assisted.
Bitcoin spillovers: A high‐frequency cross‐asset analysis
Authors: Leong Minhao , Kwok Simon
Published: November 2024

This study examines the spillover of Bitcoin's jumps and diffusive variations to traditional assets using high‐frequency data. For our cross‐asset analysis, we detect positive spillovers from Bitcoin to risk assets and negative spillovers to defensive assets. We also find evidence of positive jump and diffusion spillovers from Bitcoin to U.S. equity sectors, particularly the financials, technology, consumer discretionary, and communication services sectors. By examining the source of these risk transmissions, we show that these spillovers are exacerbated by increased economic exposures to blockchain and cryptocurrency technologies by U.S. companies. The empirical findings reveal that the price fluctuations of an unregulated asset such as Bitcoin can materially affect the price dynamics of regulated assets.
Beyond the Boundaries: Poleward Range Expansion of the Atlantic Chub Mackerel Scomber colias in SW Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Parietti Manuela , Giorgini Micaela , Orlando Paula , Derisio Carla , Temperoni Brenda , Padovani Luciano Nahuel , Marrari Marina , Buratti Claudio César
Published: November 2024

Shifts in species distribution have far‐reaching implications across ecological, economic, and social dimensions. Pelagic fish, integral to global fisheries, have displayed notable euryhaline and eurythermal characteristics. However, a poleward range expansion trend has emerged in the northern hemisphere for certain Scomber species since the 2010s, attributed to sea surface temperature and food resource dynamics. Scomber colias, a principal pelagic fishery resource in Argentina, stands as an underexploited species with recent landings totaling approximately 14,800 tons. In the North Patagonian shelf waters, where S. colias resides at its southern distribution, there has been documented ocean warming. In this context, this study evaluates potential changes in the distribution and abundance of S. colias from 1991 to 2022 in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SAO). Drawing on two distinct data sources, the analysis reveals a poleward range expansion, extending to 48°5′S, exceeding historical limits by 278 km. This expansion is positively correlated with rising sea surface temperatures, with the most significant displacement observed during summer, when this species has a high feeding activity in the study area. The investigation further explores the relationship between S. colias presence and the abundance of its primary prey species between 2011 and 2022. This is highly possible, yet no significant results were uncovered. This study marks the first documented southward range expansion of S. colias in the SAO, providing essential quantitative insights for biological studies, fisheries management, and the canning manufacturing industry. The latter could benefit from year‐round access to fish, potentially generating employment opportunities and fostering economic growth within the local community.
Moving Beyond the Observable: What Distinct Values Contributed to Utah's Postsecondary Sector Changes in the United States?
Authors: Rubin Paul G. , Coon Shawn R. , Daily Cheri A.
Published: November 2024

Research on higher education policy in the United States often seeks to understand commonalities across state contexts to understand broader concepts influencing decision‐making. However, this minimises the importance of abstract and distinct factors impacting policy processes within a state. While researchers in other fields attribute these non‐tangible characteristics to a state's culture, a similar concept has yet to emerge within the higher education policy context. By considering gaps within the literature, the current exploratory case study considers two statewide postsecondary sector changes in Utah that occurred in 2019–2020 and the distinct state‐level values that were commonly influential during these processes.
‘For Youth by Youth’: Distributive Leadership in Action With a Youth Codesign Team
Authors: Melro Carolyn M. , Brook Caleb , Martin Reid A. , Roberts Renn A. , Young Sophia , Zalik Savannah J. R. , Ballantyne Clifford T. , Neuman Amanda , Reimer Pamela
Published: November 2024

Background

Integrated youth services are an emerging delivery model in Canada that addresses siloed and fragmented youth mental health and other services. Youth engagement is viable for developing integrated youth services when purposefully built. However, it is not always clear how youth are involved in service transformation as decision‐makers, and it requires an exploration of how to work with youth authentically and intentionally in the codesign process.

Methods

This study reflects on the development of HOMEBASE, a network of integrated youth service delivery in Saskatchewan, Canada, and documents the process of actively and authentically engaging with youth through distributive leadership in the codesign process.

Findings

Youth are actively and eagerly willing to participate in the codesign process of developing integrated services when there is a shared responsibility, and they are authentically involved and informed within the decision‐making process. This requires time to form trust, build relationships and provide youth with low‐pressure environments to foster healthy debates.

Conclusion

By utilizing a distributive leadership approach, the Youth Codesign Team has been engaged in various levels of decision‐making. By following these guiding principles, policymakers, youth development workers and researchers can engage youth in meaningful ways to improve the design and development of integrated care.

Patient or Public Contribution

Five youths from the HOMEBASE Provincial Youth Co‐Design Team collaborated in writing this article based on their experiences of being engaged at varying levels of decision‐making in a distributive leadership approach to building integrated youth services.
Co‐Creation in Research: Further Reflections From the ‘Co‐Creating Safe Spaces’ Project
Authors: Fitzpatrick Scott J. , Lamb Heather , Oldman Erin , Giugni Melanie , Chakouch Cassandra , Morse Alyssa R. , Gulliver Amelia , Stewart Erin ,   Stride Safe Space and Safe Haven Team, Oni Helen T. , Miller Benn , Edwards Bronwen , Stewart Kelly , Bliokas Vida , Ellis Louise A. , Shand Fiona , Calear Alison L. , Banfield Michelle
Published: November 2024

Background

Applied research using co‐creation methods is rarely described or evaluated in detail. Practical evidence of co‐creation processes and collaboration effectiveness is needed to better understand its complex and dynamic nature.

Methods

Using a case study design and survey method, we assessed processes of co‐implementation and co‐evaluation grounded in our own experiences from the Co‐Creating Safe Spaces project. We examine these in the context of a published systematic framework designed to improve clarity about co‐creation processes and report on how co‐creation was experienced by collaborative partners.

Results

Our study showed the interconnectedness between co‐implementation and co‐evaluation processes and the importance of aligning research with program processes to ensure it is responsive to emergent local needs and problems. Given relatively low levels of researcher embeddedness across sites, service champions played a pivotal role in data collection. Survey findings indicated strong support for a healthy collaboration with some concerns expressed over individual partner's areas of responsibility and ability to deliver on commitments.

Conclusion

Co‐creation can be a very robust approach to translational research but is a complex endeavour. Ongoing reflexivity and attention to relational aspects support genuine collaboration and provide a foundation for addressing challenges.

Patient or Public Contribution

People with lived experience of emotional distress and/or suicidal crisis, including researchers from both academic and non‐research backgrounds, service managers, peer workers, carers and advocates, were involved in this research and authored this paper.
Co‐Design of a Facilitated Self‐Management Toolkit for People With Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Davies Nathan , Armstrong Megan , Pigott Jennifer S. , Nimmons Danielle , Read Joy , Gardner Benjamin , Maydon Bev , Schrag Anette , Walters Kate
Published: November 2024

Background

Parkinson's disease is a complex progressive neurodegenerative disease increasing globally. Self‐management interventions have shown promise in improving the quality of life for people with chronic conditions. This paper aims to describe the development processes and the core components of a facilitated self‐management toolkit to support people with Parkinson's disease to self‐manage their condition.

Methods

An iterative co‐design approach was adopted and included the use of systematic reviews, qualitative methods and theory to develop the Live Well with Parkinson's toolkit. A co‐design group was established consisting of people with Parkinson's, family carers and health and social care experts to produce and refine an online self‐management toolkit to be tested in practice. Five co‐design groups were conducted alongside several phases of toolkit development.

Results

An online self‐management toolkit, called Live Well with Parkinson's, was developed with core aspects such as tailored information to the individual, a well‐being section using an asset‐based approach and problem‐solving skills to create and maintain goals, symptom review and management sections and a tracker of medication, symptoms and activities/actions. A paper‐based alternative version was also created for those who cannot use an online resource. The toolkit is fully manualised and facilitated by six sessions from a ‘supporter’ who is trained in behaviour change techniques. It can be shared with carers and healthcare professionals.

Conclusion

The toolkit is a robust and comprehensive approach to self‐management of Parkinson's disease. It is evidenced based, incorporates theory and was developed with people with Parkinson's and experts in the area. The Live Well with Parkinson's toolkit has the potential to be embedded within routine healthcare, aligning with self‐management policies.

Patient or Public Contribution

Author B.M. is our patient and public involvement (PPI) representative and author on this paper. B.M. supports a team of 15 PPI members who have contributed to the development of the toolkit. This involvement has included attending research team and steering group meetings, attending and facilitating co‐designed workshops, reviewing all the toolkit information before approval and supporting with the user testing.
Introducing a new regular feature: Practice‐Based Studies
Authors: Pratchett Tracey , Greenfield Katy
Published: November 2024

Tracey Pratchett, Regular Feature Editor, outlines the requirements of the new Practice‐Based Studies regular feature (formerly Dissertations into Practice). She discusses why the feature has changed and how it will increase the value of short features, providing a broader remit which will appeal to students, early career professionals and those new to publishing who want to share findings which may affect practice. This article also includes a short vignette from Katy Greenfield discussing the benefits of publishing their outputs from an apprenticeship project.
Influencer Marketing, Narrative Transportation, and Consumer Well‐Being: An Exploration of How Virtual Influencers Impact Followers' Well‐Being
Authors: Jain Ritesh , Schuster Lisa , Luck Edwina , Jin Hyun Seung
Published: November 2024

With recent advancements in technologies such as artificial intelligence and computer‐generated imagery, virtual influencers (VIs) have become prominent branding tools that command high engagement rates. Most extant research explores the marketing outcomes of using VIs in brand campaigns. However, little is known about how interacting with VIs on social media platforms may affect consumers' well‐being. This research takes a comprehensive approach, developing a nuanced understanding of whether (and how) human‐like VIs (HVIs) impact consumers' well‐being. We employ a conceptual development approach drawing on scholarship from influencer marketing, narrative transportation, and consumer well‐being and gather additional support for the conceptual framework from data collected by interviewing 25 followers of HVIs. The conceptual framework proposes that when interacting with influencers' social media posts, followers experience narrative transportation, which positively influences followers' hedonic and eudaimonic well‐being. However, the conceptual framework also proposes that these relationships are moderated by the type of influencer (human vs. virtual) sharing the post. Specifically, we suggest that interactions with HVIs provide followers with enjoyment (hedonic well‐being) and support their self‐acceptance, personal growth, relationships, and autonomy (eudaimonic well‐being). We also provide initial evidence of the favorable marketing outcomes of enhanced well‐being from engagement with HVIs, including contemplation of brand purchase. The study thus advances extant VI literature by proposing a theoretically and empirically informed conceptual model that examines HVIs' influence on consumer well‐being. Also, it contributes to addressing the broader calls for research on the impact of social media and influencer marketing on consumer well‐being.
Animal spirits at play? Firm sentiments and labour demand during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: BELLO Ridwan Bolaji
Published: November 2024

Economists have long theorized that sentiments, or spontaneous beliefs that are unjustified by economic fundamentals, are a driver of economic behaviours. In this study, I explore whether such sentiments influenced firms’ behaviours following the outbreak of COVID‐19. Using a sample of Italian firms, I observe that in the immediate aftermath of the outbreak, firms’ expectations about post‐COVID economic recovery largely reflected beliefs unexplained by their COVID‐related experiences. I then show that these beliefs were associated with firms’ labour market behaviours. Firms that displayed more pessimistic beliefs were more likely to implement cost‐cutting labour market measures, such as dismissing employees and reducing work hours.
Analysis of the matching effectiveness of vocational training for the unemployed: Evidence from the Republic of Korea
Authors: HWANG Inyoung , PARK Youngseok , CHOE Chung
Published: November 2024

The Republic of Korea is in urgent need of vocational training to mitigate high levels of skill mismatch. This article studies the largely unexplored impact of vocational training on skill mismatch using administrative vocational training data (HRD‐Net, 2016‐19). We consider skill‐matched employment rates (as opposed to the conventional employment rate), applying a fixed effects model to analyse their determinants. Our analysis of training course and individual characteristics as major variables indicates that training time has a significantly greater positive effect on skill‐matched employment rates than on the conventional employment rate, but that the opposite is true of individual characteristics.
Formation professionnelle et inadéquation des qualifications: l'exemple de la République de Corée
Authors: HWANG Inyoung , PARK Youngseok , CHOE Chung
Published: November 2024

Les auteurs examinent l'impact de la formation professionnelle sur l'inadéquation des qualifications ‐ un sujet peu étudié ‐ dans le contexte de la République de Corée, où cette inadéquation est forte. Ils utilisent des données administratives sur la formation professionnelle (2016‐2019) et un modèle à effets fixes pour analyser les déterminants des taux d'emploi spécifiques (dans le métier ciblé ou les métiers connexes) au lieu de se cantonner au taux d'emploi total. Ils constatent que le nombre d'heures de formation a un impact positif plus grand sur les taux d'emploi spécifiques que sur le taux d'emploi total, tandis que l'inverse est vrai s'agissant des caractéristiques individuelles.