bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diaspora Journalism and Turkey’s Virtual “Imagined Communities”: Syrian Media
Authors: Atay Tülay
Published: November 2024

The media provides a field of self-expression for individuals, as well as an area for them to announce other avenues of self-expression they’re participating in. Individuals usually express their thoughts and feelings at moments of solitude when they are away from their loved ones and their homeland. Such themes of longing, alienation, solitude, connection, home, and separation are quite often the subject of literature and songs. Those who live far from their homeland, or who have been forced to do so, are more attuned to the events unfolding “back home,” and more sensitive to the plight of their fellow citizens. Even the most ordinary news from their homeland can be an exciting piece of information. This study is linked to the author’s own journeys, and its timing was made more fitting by the earthquake. The author has distilled her own knowledge and views from the ocean of existing literature available to them and brought them together. This article examines every aspect of the concept of the diaspora; its main focus is to showcase how a displaced community living in a foreign county has attempted to create a network of mass communication. As well as investigating the profiles and the eco-politics of six Syrian-origin media companies based in Turkey, interviews with directors and employees reveal the views on diaspora media of those who fled to Turkey as a result of the “Arab Spring” rebellion. Turkey has always been a land of migration due to its geographical location, but this is perhaps the first time in its history that it has been so closely acquainted with the concept of diaspora media.
Percepción de la inteligencia artificial en la lucha contra la corrupción: una exploración al caso del Estado de Colombia
Authors: Ospina Díaz Milton Ricardo , Mora Pabón Ricardo , Maya Ceballos Ana Bolena
Published: November 2024

Este artículo examina la percepción y la efectividad de la inteligencia artificial (IA) como herramienta para combatir la corrupción en organizaciones públicas, evaluando su capacidad para fortalecer dimensiones clave como datos, tecnología, recursos humanos y habilidades organizacionales. Además, se propone un marco para la implementación ética y eficiente de estas tecnologías en el sector público. La metodología del estudio incluye un análisis bibliométrico realizado con VOS-viewer, que ofrece una visión comprehensiva de las tendencias de investigación, identificando las principales áreas de enfoque y las interrelaciones entre conceptos fundamentales como inteligencia artificial, corrupción, ética en la toma de decisiones, gobierno digital e interoperabilidad. Complementariamente, se aplicó un instrumento cuantitativo a 87 egresados de programas de gobierno, estructurado en cinco dimensiones: datos, tecnología, recursos básicos, habilidades humanas y capacidades intangibles. Los promedios agregados por dimensiones revelan los siguientes resultados: datos (3,7), ética (3,6), entidad organizacional (2,8), talento humano (2,5), liderazgo directivo (2,4) e inteligencia artificial (1,9). Notablemente, el 100% de los encuestados considera necesario desarrollar más herramientas tecnológicas de IA para combatir la corrupción, subrayando la importancia de estas tecnologías en la mejora de la transparencia y la eficiencia administrativa. Las conclusiones destacan la necesidad de que el Estado colombiano continúe desarrollando iniciativas tecnológicas respaldadas por marcos normativos y éticos a nivel nacional y territorial, así como fortalecer la formación y capacitación de la ciudadanía y los funcionarios públicos en temas de transparencia y lucha contra la corrupción. Este estudio contribuye a la literatura existente al proporcionar evidencia empírica sobre el potencial de la IA en la lucha contra la corrupción y al ofrecer recomendaciones prácticas para su implementación efectiva y ética en el sector público.
Incidencia de la cooperación internacional y oportunidades de transformación en la Policía Nacional de Colombia
Authors: Santofimio Fernández Luis Alfonso
Published: November 2024

En la última década, Colombia ha venido desarrollando procesos de cooperación e interés común que promueven la transferencia de conocimiento y la gestión de recursos para enfrentar la problemática de multicrimen, así como los diferentes factores que afectan la seguridad ciudadana en un contexto local y global, a partir de la capacitación, la formación y entrenamiento de los miembros de las Fuerzas Armadas. Esto le ha permitido ser vista como un líder en articulación. Así las cosas, el objetivo de este texto es establecer qué papel ocupa la Policía Nacional en los ejercicios de cooperación y cómo la Institución puede fortalecerse estableciendo lazos de construcción conjunta con otros organismos a nivel internacional. Su desarrollo metodológico acogió un enfoque cualitativo, con el desarrollo de tres fases en las que se hizo una revisión y análisis de fuentes documentales primarias y secundarias referentes a las políticas, planes y estrategias nacionales e institucionales en materia de cooperación internacional. Como resultado, se generaron una serie de recomendaciones a la institución para el fortalecimiento y aprovechamiento de las oportunidades de cooperación internacional.
Incidencia de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil globales en el combate a la trata de personas
Authors: Salinas Gómez Goretti Danaé , Rubio Campos Jesús
Published: November 2024

El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar la incidencia que tienen las organizaciones de la sociedad civil (OSC) globales en la prevención, atención y lucha contra la trata de personas. La investigación se hizo mediante el método de estudios multicaso. Se analizaron seis OSC: The A21 Campaign, Coalition to Abolish Slavery & Trafficking, Stop the Traffik: People Shouldn’t be Bought or Sold, International Justice Mission: End Slavery in Our Lifetime, Polaris Project y Free the Slaves. En una primera fase se utilizó una metodología documental, a partir del uso de informes anuales de las OSC investigadas, artículos académicos, datos e información existente en los portales oficiales de las OSC, de organismos internacionales y páginas gubernamentales. La segunda fase fue cualitativa, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a directivos de OSC y expertos académicos. Las principales acciones directas realizadas por las OSC tienen que ver con apoyo médico, psicológico y acompañamiento a víctimas; programas de reinserción social y asentamiento para las víctimas sobrevivientes; operación de refugios, albergues y casas hogar de protección y rehabilitación para víctimas; asesoramiento jurídico a víctimas; campañas de capacitación, identificación y prevención; educación a través de plataformas sociales; charlas públicas y testimonios; talleres de concientización; líneas nacionales e internacionales de atención y denuncia; aplicaciones tecnológicas de denuncia anónima, y georreferenciación digital de rutas de la trata de personas para el uso de autoridades. Las acciones de incidencia están relacionadas con la incidencia legislativa: copatrocinio de leyes, revisión y apoyo a creación o modificaciones de leyes; colaboración con organismos internacionales, instituciones privadas y otras OSC; participación en consejos y comités gubernamentales; participación en reuniones intergubernamentales e interinstitucionales; participación en foros regionales; creación de grupos de trabajo; marchas y protestas pacíficas.
El “orden institucionalizado” del mal: Colombia
Authors: Insuasty Alfonso , Cometa Alejandro
Published: November 2024

En el contexto colombiano, el Estado se ha transformado en un instrumento que, en algunos casos, incluye la gestión criminal a través de prácticas y dinámicas que han permeado diversos niveles de la sociedad y las instituciones. El presente texto hace una breve introducción en perspectiva histórica para ubicar la dimensión de la situación. Luego, con base en un cúmulo de documentos oficiales y la línea investigativa adelantada por el grupo Kavilando sobre este tema, se presentan características y rutas de la génesis de este orden institucional del mal, de esta reconfiguración del Estado que incluye el orden criminal como parte de su estructura real. Este fenómeno ha instaurado un modelo de administración pública de corte corporativista, que constantemente impide y se opone a la implementación de reformas y ajustes institucionales democráticos necesarios. Estas reformas son cruciales para lograr equidad, justicia, ética en lo público, participación real, verdad y no repetición de violencias pasadas, que son condiciones fundamentales para avanzar hacia una paz participativa, transformadora, sostenible y duradera.
Is prostate-specific antigen density superior than prostate-specific antigen kinetics and prostate volume in predicting clinically insignificant prostate cancer?
Authors: Avcı Sinan , Ekici Özgür , Çağlayan Volkan , Erdoğan Abdullah , Önen Efe , Akgün Uğur , Özcan Rıdvan , Öner Sedat
Published: November 2024

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the parameters that could predict clinically insignificant prostate cancer (ciPCa) in men who underwent transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy.
Methods: Data of patients who underwent transrectal prostate biopsy between January 2015 and November 2019 were examined retrospectively. Free/total PSA ratio (fPSA%), serum total and free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, prostate volumes (PV) measured by ultrasonography, and PSA density (PSAD) values of the patients before biopsy were recorded. ciPCa patients were defined as patients with Gleason scores ≤6 and clinical stage ≤T2a (Group 1). The remaining patients (Gleason score >6 and clinical stage >T2a) were included in Group 2 (clinical significant prostate cancer (csPCa). The parameters examined before biopsy were compared between groups.
Results: After performing the exclusion criteria, the study counts in 168 patients with the current data of total/free PSA levels, age, PV calculated by TRUS, rectal examination findings, and pathology reports. Group 1 consisted of 115 patients and Group 2 consisted of 53 patients. In the univariate analysis, PV, total PSA and PSAD were found significantly different between groups, while age, free PSA, and fPSA% showed no significant difference between the two groups. According to the results of the multivariate analysis, the independent predictor of ciPCa was determined to be PSAD while total PSA and PV were not independent predictors.
Conclusion: PSAD was found to be superior to other PSA kinetics in predicting ciPCa.
The Impact of Adhering to a Mediterranean Diet on the Severity of Overuse Tendinopathy Symptoms
Authors: Örsçelik Aydan , Acar Verda , Ataoğlu Buse , Uğurlu Beyza , Ercan Sabriye
Published: November 2024

Aim: The Mediterranean diet’s high carbohydrate content and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties make it appealing to athletes. Tendinopathy etiology is influenced by nutrition. Athletes with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet may have a lower severity of tendinopathy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on tendinopathy severity.
Material and Methods: Exercise habits, physical activity level, body region, stage of the injury, age, body mass index, gender, smoking status, and presence of chronic diseases of individuals older than 18 years of age and who were diagnosed with tendinopathy in the sports medicine clinic were recorded in this cross-sectional study. The Revised Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Overuse Injury and Health Problems Questionnaires and the Mediterranean diet adherence screener were applied to participants.
Results: A total of 152 participants, 52% (n=79) of whom were female, with lateral epicondylopathy (n=71), Achilles tendinopathy (n=25), plantar fasciitis (n=23), patellar tendinopathy (n=13), and other tendinopathies were included in the study. Upon examination of the relationship between the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the severity of complaints due to overuse, no significant differences were found between groups (p=0.935, and p=0.927, respectively). A weak negative correlation was found between weekly exercise duration and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (rs=-0.237; p=0.016).
Conclusion: No evidence was found that adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with differences in the severity of tendinopathy complaints. Athletes with high weekly exercise durations do not adopt the Mediterranean diet as an optimal dietary approach.
Generation and characterization of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines (ICGi052-A and ICGi052-B) from a patient with frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 associated with the pathological variant c.2013T>G in the MAPT gene
Authors: Grigor’eva E. V. , Malakhova A. A. , Yarkova E. S. , Minina J. M. , Vyatkin Y. V. , Nadtochy J. A. , Khabarova E. A. , Rzaev J. A. , Medvedev S. P. , Zakian S. M.
Published: November 2024

Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by pathological aggregation of the tau protein with the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and subsequent neuronal death. The inherited form of frontotemporal dementia can be caused by mutations in several genes, including the MAPT gene on chromosome 17, which encodes the tau protein. As there are currently no medically approved treatments for frontotemporal dementia, there is an urgent need for research using in vitro cell models to understand the molecular genetic mechanisms that lead to the development of the disease, to identify targets for therapeutic intervention and to test potential drugs to prevent neuronal death. Analysis of exome sequencing data from a 46-year-old patient with a clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease revealed the presence of the pathological variant c.2013T>G (rs63750756) in the MAPT gene, which is associated with frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17. By reprogramming the patient’s peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we obtained induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Two iPSC lines were characterised in detail. Reprogramming was performed by transfection with non-integrating episomal vectors expressing the OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, LIN28, L-MYC and mp53DD proteins. The iPSC lines ICGi052-A and ICGi052-B proliferate stably, form colonies with a morphology characteristic of human pluripotent cells, have a normal diploid karyotype (46,XX), express endogenous alkaline phosphatase and pluripotency markers (OCT4, NANOG, SSEA-4 and TRA-1-60) and are able to differentiate into derivatives of three germ layers: ento-, ecto- and mesoderm. The iPSC lines obtained and characterised in detail in this work represent a unique tool for studying the molecular genetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17, as well as for testing potential drugs in vitro.
Comparative analysis of the primary structure and production of recombinant poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 of long-lived Heterocephalus glaber
Authors: Naumenko K. N. , Nurislamov A. R. , Nazarov K. D. , Fishman V. S. , Popov A. A. , Petruseva I. O. , Evdokimov A. N. , Lavrik O. I.
Published: November 2024

DNA repair is a most important cellular process that helps maintain the integrity of the genome and is currently considered by researchers as one of the factors determining the maximum lifespan. The central regulator of the DNA repair process is the enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 (PARP1). PARP1 catalyzes the synthesis of poly(ADPribose) polymer (PAR) upon DNA damage using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as a substrate. This polymer covalently attaches to PARP1, which leads to its dissociation from the complex with damaged DNA and stimulation of the repair process. Despite intensive research on PARP1, its properties as an isolated protein have not been practically studied in mammals that demonstrate a long maximum lifespan, such as, for example, the naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber). High activity of DNA repair systems is observed in the cells of the naked mole rat, which ensures their high resistance to oxidative stress, as well as to genotoxic effects. The revealed features may be due to the high activity of PARP1 in the cells of the naked mole rat; however, this issue remains poorly understood and, thus, requires more detailed research, including one with the use of isolated protein PARP1 of the naked mole rat, the isolation and characterization of which have not been carried out before. In the present work, the amino acid sequence of PARP1 of the naked mole rat is compared with the amino acid sequences of orthologous proteins of other mammals. In contrast to human PARP1, 13 evolutionarily conservative amino acid substitutions in various functional domains of the protein have been identified in the amino acid sequence of naked mole rat PARP1. Using the cDNA of the naked mole rat’s Parp1 gene, a vector was created for the expression of the target protein in Escherichia coli cell culture. For the first time, a detailed description of the procedure for the expression and purification of the recombinant protein PARP1 of the long-lived naked mole rat is presented. In addition, poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase activity of the obtained protein was evaluated. The results presented in this paper are the basis for further detailed characterization of the properties of purified recombinant naked mole rat PARP1.
The potential of the amaranth collection maintained at VIR in the context of global plant breeding and utilization trends
Authors: Sokolova D. V. , Solovieva A. E. , Zaretsky A. M. , Shelenga T. V.
Published: November 2024

Amaranth is an ancient crop of the family Amaranthaceae, but it is fairly new to Russia. Its seeds and leaf biomass contain a high-quality gluten-free protein, fatty acids, squalene (a polyunsaturated hydrocarbon), flavonoids, vitamins, and minerals. A comprehensive study of amaranth, enhancement of its breeding, and development of new cultivars will contribute to food quality improvement through the use of plant raw materials enriched for wholesome and highly nutritious components. At present, selection and hybridization still remain the main amaranth breeding techniques. Meanwhile, mutation breeding and polyploidy have been successfully employed to increase its seed yield and protein content. The genes encoding amaranth proteins have been used to produce transgenic plants of potato, bread wheat, and maize. Despite the great potential of amaranth, little research has been dedicated to the study of its genomics, concentrating mainly on the identification of its species diversity. Targets of breeding practice for amaranth include such characteristics as large size and nonshattering of seeds, short stem, earliness, high yield, cold hardiness, synchronized maturation, resistance to pests and diseases, and high nutritional value, including the content and quality of protein, lipids, squalene, and bioactive compounds. A unique collection of amaranth maintained at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) currently incorporates 570 accessions from various countries. For 70 years it has been replenished with local varieties, commercial cultivars, and wild species supplied by collecting missions, research centers, botanical gardens, genebanks, and experimental breeding stations from all over the world. Long-standing studies have resulted in the formation of trait-specific groups of accessions, with high yields of seeds and leaf biomass, earliness, cold hardiness, high protein content in seeds and biomass, short stems, and resistance to seed shattering, earmarked for vegetable or ornamental purposes. The gene pool of amaranth preserved at VIR can provide unlimited opportunities for breeding and meet the needs of the country’s population, enriching the human diet with ingredients produced from such a health-friendly and useful crop.
Substantia nigra alterations in mice modeling Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Rozhkova I. N. , Okotrub S. V. , Brusentsev E. Yu. , Rakhmanova T. A. , Lebedeva D. A. , Kozeneva V. S. , Shavshaeva N. A. , Khotskin N. V. , Amstislavsky S. Ya.
Published: November 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative pathology of the central nervous system. The well-known abnormalities characteristic of PD are dysfunctions in the nigrostriatal system including the substantia nigra of the midbrain and the striatum. Moreover, in PD persons, alpha-synucleinopathy is associated with abnormalities in the dopaminergic brain system. To study the mechanisms of this pathology, genetic models in mice have been designed. Transgenic mice of the B6.Cg-Tg(Prnp-SNCA*A53T)23Mkle/J strain (referred to as B6.Cg-Tg further in the text) possess the A53T mutation in the human alpha-synuclein SNCA gene. The density of neurons in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, substantia nigra and striatum in B6.Cg-Tg mice was assessed in our previous work, but the dopaminergic system was not studied there, although it plays a key role in the development of PD. The aim of the current study was to investigate motor coordination and body balance, as well as dopaminergic neuronal density and alpha-synuclein accumulation in the substantia nigra in male B6.Cg-Tg mice at the age of six months. Wild-type mice of the same sex and age, siblings of the B6.Cg-Tg mice from the same litters, lacking the SNCA gene with the A53T mutation, but expressing murine alpha-synuclein, were used as controls (referred to as the wild type further in the text). Motor coordination and body balance were assessed with the rota-rod test; the density of dopaminergic neurons and accumulation of alpha-synuclein in the substantia nigra were evaluated by the immunohistochemical method. There was no difference between B6.Cg-Tg mice and WT siblings in motor coordination and body balance. However, accumulation of alpha-synuclein and a decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra were found in the B6.Cg-Tg mouse strain. Thus, the mice of the B6.Cg-Tg strain at the age of six months have some symptoms of the onset of PD, such as the accumulation of mutant alpha-synuclein and a decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Taken together, the results obtained in our work qualify the B6.Cg-Tg strain as a pertinent model for studying the early stage of human PD already at the age of six months.
Spatial genetic characterization of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in the area between the Alps and the Central Dinaric Mountains
Authors: Devedžić A. , F. Urzi F. , Pokorny B. , Vengušt G. , Vengušt D. Ž. , Janžekovič F. , Velić L. , Eterović T. , Stroil B. K. , Bužan E.
Published: November 2024

Red fox, Vulpes vulpes, is a globally distributed species characterized by its high adaptability to diverse habitats and a broad range of food resources. This remarkable adaptability has allowed the red fox to thrive in various environments, from urban areas to remote wilderness. In this study, we used a set of microsatellite markers for the comparative genetic analysis of red fox populations from two countries. We included populations from the Eastern Alps and the northern Dinaric Mountains in Slovenia, as well as the Central Dinaric Mountains in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We successfully isolated DNA and genotyped 118 red fox samples. Our analyses, which included Bayesian clustering techniques, revealed a weak genetic differentiation among the studied populations. However, it is noteworthy that statistically significant differences in estimates of genetic differentiation were only apparent when comparing the populations between the two countries. Further spatial genetic clustering analyses provided additional insights, unveiling a differentiation into four genetic clusters. These clusters comprised two distinct groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina and two in Slovenia. This pattern of differentiation suggests that isolation by distance is a key factor influencing the genetic structure of the red fox in this studied region. Additionally, our findings highlighted that populations from the Alps and northern Dinaric Mountains exhibit higher genetic diversity and observed heterozygosity compared to their counterparts in the Central Dinaric Mountains. The genetic diversity is also notable when compared to other European red fox populations. Studying genetic diversity is crucial for the resilience and adaptability of populations, ensuring their survival amid environmental changes and human-induced pressures.
Polymorphic variants of the genes for enzymes of the antioxidant system, apoptosis and inflammation as potential predictors of myocardial infarction
Authors: Nasibullin T. R. , Erdman V. V. , Timasheva Y. R. , Tuktarova I. A. , Petinseva A. A. , Korytina G. F.
Published: November 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a multifactorial polygenic disease that develops as a result of a complex interaction of numerous genetic factors and the external environment. Accordingly, the contribution of each of them separately is usually not large and may significantly depend on the state of other accompanying factors. The purpose of the study was to search for informative predictors of MI risk based on polygenic analysis of polymorphic variants of (1) the antioxidant defense enzyme genes PON1 (rs662), PON2 (rs7493), CAT (rs1001179), MSRA (rs10098474) and GSTP1 (rs1695); (2) the apoptosis genes CASP8 (rs3834129), TP53 (rs1042522) and BCL2 (rs12454712); and (3) the inflammation genes CRP (rs1205), CX3CR1 (rs3732378), IL6 (rs1800795) and CCL2 (rs1024611). 591 DNA samples were used in the study (280 patients with the onset at 30 to 60 years, with an average age of 46.02 ± 6.17, and 311 control subjects aged 30 to 62, with an average age of 44.65 ± 7.07). All the participants were male and Tatars by ethnicity. The logistic regression analysis with various models demonstrated associations with MI of polymorphic variants of the genes CX3CR1 (rs3732378) (overdominant model – G/G + A/A vs A/G P = 0.0002, OR = 1.9), MSRA (rs10098474) (dominant model – T/T vs T/C + C/C P = 0.015, OR = 1.51), CCL2 (rs1024611) (recessive model – P = 0.0007 – A/A + A/G vs G/G OR = 2.63), BCL2 (rs12454712) (log-additive model – *C allele, P = 0.005, OR = 1.38). Using the Monte Carlo method and Markov chains (APSampler), combinations of alleles/ genotypes of the studied polymorphic loci associated with a high risk of MI were obtained, which, in addition to those identified during single-locus analysis, contained polymorphic variants of the genes CASP8, TP53, CAT, PON2, CRP, IL6, GSTP1. Among the combinations obtained, a pairwise analysis of possible non-linear interactions between the identified combinations of alleles/genotypes was carried out, which showed synergistic interactions of the polymorphic variants CX3CR1*A/G and CASP8*I/I, MSRA*C and CRP*C, CAT*C/T and MSRA*C, CAT*C/T and CX3CR1*A contributing to the development of MI. Based on the results obtained using multivariate logistic regression analysis, a predictive model was built to assess the risk of developing MI, the predictive ability of which reached the value AUC = 0.71 (AUC – area under the curve in ROC analysis).
Handel internetowy
Authors: Gregor Bogdan , Kalińska-Kula Magdalena
Published: November 2024

Rewolucja cyfrowa, znosząc barierę czasu i przestrzeni, motywuje do zakupów w Internecie, a dostępność kanału wirtualnego transformuje zachowania zakupowe konsumentów. Dynamicznie rozwijający się sektor handlu internetowego implikuje daleko idące zmiany w postawach, zachowaniach rynkowych i oczekiwaniach współczesnych konsumentów.
Podjęty w pracy problem badawczy sprowadza się do rozpoznania zachowań współczesnego (nowego) konsumenta, który podejmuje decyzje w środowisku cyfrowym, zdominowanym przez innowacyjne technologie. Praca ma charakter teoretyczno-empiryczny. Podstawę źródłową rozważań stanowi obszerna literatura przedmiotu oraz wyniki własnych badań empirycznych o zasięgu międzynarodowym. Badaniami objęto konsumentów z Polski oraz pięciu innych krajów europejskich – z Białorusi, Ukrainy, Hiszpanii, Portugalii i Włoch. Na bazie pozyskanych danych przeprowadzono analizę porównawczą dotyczącą roli i uwarunkowań rozwoju handlu internetowego oraz postaw i zachowań e-konsumentów w procesach zakupowych w przekroju badanych krajów.
Książka wpisuje się w niezwykle aktualny i ważny nurt rozważań związanych z trans- formacją biznesu w erze technologii cyfrowych. Ma ona walory poznawcze, metodyczne i aplikacyjne, co pozwala kierować ją do szerokiego grona odbiorców. Może być ona inspirująca dla przedstawicieli świata nauki – badaczy zajmujących się tą problematyką, użyteczna dla podmiotów funkcjonujących w branży e-commerce, a także wykorzystana w dydaktyce – na studiach z zakresu ekonomii i zarządzania oraz na studiach podyplomowych, poświęconych problematyce e-commerce.
Gospodarka i społeczeństwo Rosji
Authors: Duraj Natasza
Published: November 2024

Zasadniczym celem monografii jest przedstawienie problematyki dotyczącej rozwoju gospodarczego i społecznego Federacji Rosyjskiej. Cel pracy został zrealizowany za pomocą krytycznej analizy literatury przedmiotu w języku rosyjskim i języku polskim. Ponadto w książce wykorzystano rosyjskie akty prawne i raporty państwowe dotyczące rosyjskiej gospodarki. Szczególna uwaga została zwrócona na kwestię surowców mineralnych, które stanowią fundament gospodarki Federacji Rosyjskiej.
Backpropagation untuk Memprediksi Tingkat Inflasi di Kota Malang
Authors: Tristianti Aisyah Sukmaindah , Fahmi Hisyam , Herawati Erna
Published: November 2024

Backpropagation is a model of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) that uses supervised learning to solve complex problems, such as predicting the inflation rate by being trained using forward learning methods and backward error correction. The inflation rate is the percentage change in prices of goods and services in the economy during a certain period. Throughout December 2022, the Central Bureau of Statistics recorded the inflation rate in Malang City at 0.58%. One of the causes is the increase in prices of rice and other commodities such as eggs, chicken, and cayenne pepper. From this, predictions need to be made to help prepare programs that must be carried out to overcome inflation. This research aims to determine the level of accuracy of the backpropagation algorithm by testing several parameters and finding out the results of inflation predictions in Malang City in 2019. The findings of this research are the best inflation prediction results were obtained with the 7-14-1 architectural model with the tanh activation function parameters, batch size 16, and number of epochs 1000, with accuracy results of 87.49%. From the results of these predictions, the highest inflation in Malang City is predicted to occur in January 2019 and the lowest inflation is predicted to occur in February 2019.
Presentación de dossier
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Shuttera Alejandro Sacbé , Dander Linares Mina
Published: November 2024

Las nociones de conflicto, lucha, territorialidad, depredación, guerra, parecen consustanciales a la esencia misma de lo viviente. Pareciera que en todos los seres vivos hay un instinto de conservación de la vida, pero también un “querer crecer”, “desarrollarse”, “asimilar fuerzas extrañas”. Por tanto, podríamos preguntarnos si no más bien es la “paz” y no la “guerra” un artificio reciente en una historia cultural de casi diez milenios para evitar un “mal necesario” de efectos devastadores cuanto más sofisticados. Sin embargo, desde el Siglo de las Luces ha habido una especie de "llamado incondicional" al diálogo. Podríamos decir, por tanto, que esa misma condición instintiva se arraiga de manera más profunda en nuestra natural propensión al lenguaje, y apuntalar la potencia de la lengua como el fundamento más alto que nos define como especie. Buscamos con este número apelar a este "instinto" que sobre todo Hoy, atenta seriamente a las circunstancias en que nos encontramos.
Örtüaltı İşletmelerinin Yapısal Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi: Kahramanmaraş İli Örneği, Türkiye
Authors: Kaynakçı Baydar Cevahir , Çetinkaya Semiha , Akbay Cuma , Kaya Habipali , Dalkılınç Serenay
Published: November 2024

Kahramanmaraş ili, bölgenin arazi yapısı, iklim özellikleri ve yaygın tarımsal üretim faaliyetleri gibi faktörler nedeniyle seracılık yatırımları konusunda önemli bir potansiyele sahip olmasına karşın, bölgenin örtüaltı üretim durumunu tarım ekonomisi açısından ve mikro düzeyde inceleyen az sayıda bilimsel çalışma vardır. Bu araştırma, Kahramanmaraş ilinde örtüaltı işletmelerinin sosyo-demografik özelliklerini ve mevcut yapısal özelliklerini tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın materyalini, Kahramanmaraş ilinde ikisi merkez ilçe olmak üzere üç ilçede tam sayım yöntemiyle tespit edilen 68 plastik sera işletmesinden yüz yüze anket ile elde edilen veriler oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, işletmelerin ortalama sera arazi varlığı 7.38 dekar olarak belirlenmiş olup, üreticilerin % 70.05’inin domates, % 23.17’sinin ise salatalık ürettiği saptanmıştır. İşletmelerin tamamının plastik sera kullandığı, % 50’sinin birden fazla ürün yetiştirdiği, % 27.94’ünün tarım sigortası yaptırdığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca işletmeler en çok saman yakarak (% 58.82) ve yağmurlama yaparak (% 13.24) don zararından korunmaktadırlar. İşletmelerin büyük bir kısmı toprak analizi yaptırdığını (% 80.88) bildirmişlerdir. İşletmeler en çok bombus arısı kullanım desteği (% 83.82), girdi (mazot-gübre) desteği (% 80.88) ve Tarım Sigortaları Havuzu (TARSİM) (sera sigortası) desteğinden (% 64.71) yararlandıklarını bildirmişlerdir. Bu araştırmanın bölgedeki seracılık potansiyelini etkin bir şekilde harekete geçirmek için önemli bir veri ve bilgi kaynağı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Municipal authorities in a small Russian town, local elites and foreign investors: interaction practices
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, Chirikova Alla E.
Published: November 2024

In this article, using the example of one city (district) Rodniki, Ivanovo
region, we consider the practices of interaction between Turkish foreign investors and
authorities of different levels: municipal and regional. The subject of our analysis was
a description of the difficulties and prospects for the development of foreign business
in this territory, as assessed by the actors themselves, both from the government
and from the investors. The study was conducted in 2023. A total of 17 interviews
were conducted with key figures of the municipal government and foreign investors,
representatives of the local elite in the city of Rodniki, where enterprises of foreign
investors have either been operating for several years or are just starting their activities.
The obtained empirical results allow us to say that the arrival of foreign investors
in the Russian outback, at first glance, can be assessed as quite random, however,
as empirical analysis shows, it is based on a number of reasons, in which the readiness
of the infrastructure plays a major role, but not only it. In this study, we tried to assess
and describe a set of factors that can hinder, or, on the contrary, help, foreign investors
to develop their business in the territory of a small town. Particular attention in the
work is paid to the analysis of the positions of local elites regarding the attraction
of migrants from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, due to the shortage of labor in the
regions. The study revealed the contradictory nature of the assessments of local elites
regarding the advisability of attracting migrants, despite the fact that most of them
admit – “otherwise the city’s economy cannot be raised”.
Russian teaching and authority: experience of interaction
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Political Research of FCTAS RAS, Bulanova Marina B. ,   Russian State Humanitarian University, Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2024

Modern Russian teaching has formed in the process of long historical evolution.
This article examines the formation of this professional group in a rather difficult situation
that developed in the period from 1917 to 1929. In educational policy, a key role was assigned
to the educational process, therefore, itwas important for the authorities to divide teaching
into old (pre-revolutionary) and new (Soviet) according to the level of understanding and
implementation of the ideology of the Soviet state. Two periods of interaction between
teachers and authorities are identified: from 1917 to 1922 and from 1923–1929. The main
projects proposed by the authorities during these periods to teachers: the organization
of a unified labor school (UTS) and the elimination of illiteracy of the population. For
teachers, the implementation of these projects was a difficult test, because they carried
out at the same time with the forcedly limited material costs of the state for organizing the
educational process and paying salaries to teachers. If in the first period the authorities
widely attracted pre-revolutionary personnel and encouraged the manifestation of initiative
from below (A. S. Makarenko, S. T. Shatsky), then the second period occurred under the
auspices ofstrengthening the class principle and ideological functions in school education,
the approval of unified educational programs, preparation new cadres of Soviet teachers.
Despite internal heterogeneity, low wages and external difficulties, the Soviet teaching staff
supported the government in all its endeavors. The problem of the relationship between
Russian teachers and authorities requires further research.
Social guarantees and benefits at enterprises: slugged stabilization (based on RLMS-HSE data, 2000–2022)
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kozyreva Polina M. , Smirnov Alexander I. ,   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Based on data from the «Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher
School of economics» (RLMS-HSE), the article analyzes the changes which have
occurred over the past two decades in the practice of providing social guarantees and
benefits to employees at Russian enterprises. It was revealed that the changing conditions
of operation and development, objectively associated with instability and uncertainty,
change the attitude towards the social policy of enterprises and organizations, and make
significant adjustments to the system of providing social guarantees and benefits at the
place of work that has developed since the transition to a market economy. Sharply
increased economic difficulties caused by the aggravation of the crisis, the consequences
of the COVID-19, and unprecedented sanctions pressure have undermined the financial
position of many companies, which has led to a forced limitation of the set of additional
benefits and the circle of employees who can use them. The significantly narrowed
coverage of employees by most additional benefits, services, and goods has stabilized
at a fairly low level in recent years, and for some benefits, primarily related to the
provision of medical services and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, a further contraction
was noted. The only type of social support for workers characterized by a consistently
high level of coverage throughout all years of the survey is vocational training at the
expense of the enterprise. The processes of precarization and the development of online
forms of employment significantly limit workers’ access to guarantees and benefits.
Evaluation of international educational programme student engagement in Spanish classes in a multilingual learning environment
Authors: Khalyapina L. P. , Tokareva E. Yu.
Published: November 2024

Importance. The main goal of the study is to study the impact of multilingual education of uni versity students on the degree of their involvement in the educational process, as well as to prove the positive impact of involvement on the level of mastery of a second foreign language – Spanish. Although the impact of engagement on student achievement in traditional learning has previously been extensively researched, less is known about how it influences student learning in the context of multilingual learning. The research contributes to the study of student learning engagement in higher education by exploring the less studied context of learning in a multilingual environment.

Materials and Methods. The study involves 2 groups of 3rd year undergraduate students (N = 47) of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. To identify the degree of student engage ment in the process of learning Spanish, questionnaires, testing and statistical methods are used.

Results and Discussion. In the experimental group (N = 23), a multilingual approach is imple mented. In the control group (N = 24), the English Medium Instruction-based approach is used. The Student Engagement Scale is measured using the three most common dimensions identified by researchers (behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement). Paired samples Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation test are performed to analyze descriptive statistics.

Conclusion. Based on the results of student engagement, it can be concluded that students in the experimental group show a higher level of emotional and cognitive activity.
A study of motivation to learn Swedish in higher education students
Authors: Romanovskaia I. V. , Konovalova M. A.
Published: November 2024

Importance. The problem of modern students’ motivation to study Swedish in the conditions caused by a sharp reorientation of the country’s course is analyzed. Understanding motivation, especially the characteristics of learning motivation, is one of the issues that has remained relevant in pedagogy and foreign language teaching methodology for decades. The aim of the study is to analyse students’ learning motivation and determine the correlation of the initial and current motivation to study Swedish due to the sharp change in the country’s geopolitical course.

Materials and Methods. The research is conducted on the basis of Petrozavodsk State University (PetrSU), the respondents are students of the Institute of Philology, Department of German Philology, and Scandinavian Studies, studying Swedish as a main language from the 1st to the 4th year of undergraduate studies. The number of respondents is 34. Sociological and statistical methods of research are used to collect materials, for processing and analysis; theoretical and descriptive methods are used. Studies of E.N. Deulina, T.A. Deulina, M.V. Spirina, N.V. Lobastova, G.N. Arutyunyan, I.B. Vorozhtsova, etc., which are considered with the methodology of foreign language teaching and the problem of learning motivation, as well as students’ answers received during the research, are used as research materials.

Results and Discussion. Based on received data, the methodology of Swedish language teaching has been improved. The dependence of motivation for learning foreign languages on external and internal factors has been established on the basis of students’ answers. The answers received in the research help to correct and adjust the learning process in rapidly changing conditions, to organise the work with the team correctly, to increase the learning motivation, and to keep the contingent of students.

Conclusion. The study has practical relevance and research perspectives: no significant decrease in motivation to learn Swedish has been revealed, however, there is a consistent, logical, and wellexplained change in motivation throughout the learning process caused by external factors such as the “plateau effect”, a specific response to the teaching efforts of the instructor, changes in the types and forms of work, technologies, methods, and teaching techniques. Despite the fluctuating nature of motivation, students remain persistent and determined in learning the foreign language. The decrease in motivation to learn a foreign language is caused by too much academic workload and/or personal problems; while the increase in motivation is related to the variety of tasks and forms used, including the inspiring activities of the teacher.
Regional identity of schoolchildren in foreign language communication
Authors: Glumova E. P. , Chelovskaya A. S.
Published: November 2024

Importance. The issues of theory and methods of developing a schoolchildren's regional identity in foreign language communication are considered. In conditions of social global changes in modern Russia, the development of traditional social institutes that impact the process of a person’s regional identity is necessary. In modern Russian society, there is a need to prepare citizens for productive intercultural interaction, to form a core of values of national and regional culture, representing the basis of identity. The identity problem is the most relevant for Russia due to its diverse ethnic composition of the population and administrative-territorial division.

Materials and Methods. A comprehensive approach is used to conduct the research in the field of schoolchildren’s foreign-language communication. At the first stage of the study, theoretical methods are used, involving the study of scientific literature on the research topic, analysis, generalization and classification of the obtained information. At the second stage of the study, empirical methods such as observation and description are applied. Two key concepts “identity” and “regional identity” are considered, and the components of regional identity in the process of teaching foreign languages to schoolchildren are identified.

Results and Discussion. The concept of “regional identity of a student in the process of foreign language communication” has been highlighted and defined. Three levels of development of regional identity of schoolchildren in the process of foreign language communication are identified: basic level, main level, analytical level. As a result of the analysis of scientific works on the problem under consideration, components of regional identity are identified in the process of teaching foreign languages to schoolchildren: cognitive, affective, behavioral.

Conclusion. The development of the student’ regional identity in the process of foreign-language communication is determined by the need for interaction with representatives of other cultures, a social order that determines the need for society to prepare a communicable personality focused on interpersonal productive cooperation in all spheres of social life, which implies the ability of the personality to present its own region to foreign-language communicators, as well as the requirements of federal state educational standards.