bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Sensing inside a Diamond Anvil Cell via Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Spins*
Authors: Shang Yan-Xing , Hong Fang , Dai Jian-Hong , Hui-Yu 慧 , Lu Ya-Nan , Liu En-Ke , Yu Xiao-Hui , Liu Gang-Qin , Pan Xin-Yu
Published: August 2019

The diamond anvil cell-based high-pressure technique is a unique tool for creating new states of matter and for understanding the physics underlying some exotic phenomena. In situ sensing of spin and charge properties under high pressure is crucially important but remains technically challenging. While the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a promising quantum sensor under extreme conditions, its spin dynamics and the quantum control of its spin states under high pressure remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate coherent control, spin relaxation, and spin dephasing measurements for ensemble NV centers up to 32.8 GPa. With this in situ quantum sensor, we investigate the pressure-induced magnetic phase transition of a micron-size permanent magnet Nd
2
Fe
14B sample in a diamond anvil cell, with a spatial resolution of ∼2 μm, and sensitivity of ∼20 μT/Hz
1/2. This scheme could be generalized to measure other parameters such as temperature, pressure and their gradients under extreme conditions. This will be beneficial for frontier research of condensed matter physics and geophysics.
Reexploration of Structural Changes in Element Bromine through Pressure-Induced Decomposition of Solid HBr*
Authors: Liu Ming-Kun , Duan De-Fang , Huang Yan-Ping , Liang Yong-Fu , Huang Xiao-Li , Cui Tian
Published: August 2019

Simple molecular solids have been an important subject in condensed matter physics, particularly for research of pressure-induced molecular dissociation. We re-explore the structural changes of element bromine through pressure-induced decomposition of solid HBr. The phase changes in HBr are investigated by Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron x-ray diffraction up to 125 GPa at room temperature. By applying pressure, HBr decomposes into solid bromine in the pressure range of 18.7–38 GPa. The solid bromine changes from molecular phase to incommensurate phase at 81 GPa, and finally to monatomic phase at 91 GPa. During the process of pressure-induced molecular dissociation, the intermediate incommensurate phase of element bromine is confirmed for the first time from the x-ray diffraction studies. The decomposition of HBr is irreversible since HBr cannot form again upon pressure decompression.
Generalised versions of separable decompositions applicable to bipartite entangled quantum states
Authors: Anwar Hussain , Jevtic Sania , Rudolph Oliver , Virmani Shashank
Published: August 2019

The investigation of separable states in quantum theory has been driven by the notion that they are highly classical, in that they do not demonstrate nonlocality, and are in some contexts unable to support non-classical computation. The converse question, the extent to which entangled states do or do not support non-classical information processing, is less well understood. Motivated by this question we extend the notion of quantum separability into the entangled quantum states, by constructing separable decompositions that describe them with the ‘smallest’ possible sets of non-physical local operators. We consider a few ways to define the word ‘smallest’ and present techniques for obtaining them. The methods involve calculating certain forms of cross norm. The results generalise significantly the results obtained in our previous work on this topic (2015 New J. Phys. 17 093047), and can be be used to construct classical simulation methods and local hidden variable models for subsets of local measurements on entangled quantum states.
Temperature effects on atmospheric continuous-variable quantum key distribution*
Authors: Zhang Shu-Jing , Ma Hong-Xin , Wang Xiang , Zhou Chun , Bao Wan-Su , Zhang Hai-Long
Published: August 2019

Compared with the fiber channel, the atmospheric channel offers the possibility of a broader geographical coverage and more flexible transmission for continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD). However, the fluctuation of atmospheric conditions will lead to the loss of performance in atmospheric quantum communication. In this paper, we study how temperature affects atmospheric CVQKD. We mainly consider the temperature effects on the transmittance and interruption probability. From the numerical simulation analysis, it can be shown that the performance of atmospheric CVQKD is improved as temperature increases, with the other factors fixed. Moreover, the results in this work can be used to evaluate the feasibility of the experimental implementation of the atmospheric CVQKD protocols.
Efficient solver for time-dependent Schrödinger equation with interaction between atoms and strong laser field*
Authors: Zhou Sheng-Peng , Liu Ai-Hua , Liu Fang , Wang Chun-Cheng , Ding Da-Jun
Published: August 2019

We present a parallel numerical method of simulating the interaction of atoms with a strong laser field by solving the time-depending Schrödinger equation (TDSE) in spherical coordinates. This method is realized by combining constructing block diagonal matrices through using the real space product formula (RSPF) with splitting out diagonal sub-matrices for short iterative Lanczos (SIL) propagator. The numerical implementation of the solver guarantees efficient parallel computing for the simulation of real physical problems such as high harmonic generation (HHG) in these interaction systems.
Optimized dithering technique in frequency domain for high-quality three-dimensional depth data acquisition*
Authors: Cai Ning , Chen Zhe-Bo , Cao Xiang-Qun , Lin Bin
Published: August 2019

On the basis of the objective functions, dithering optimization techniques can be divided into the intensity-based optimization technique and the phase-based optimization technique. However, both types of techniques are spatial-domain optimization techniques, while their measurement performances are essentially determined by the harmonic components in the frequency domain. In this paper, a novel genetic optimization technique in the frequency domain is proposed for high-quality fringe generation. In addition, to handle the time-consuming difficulty of genetic algorithm (GA), we first optimize a binary patch, then join the optimal binary patches together according to periodicity and symmetry so as to generate a full-size pattern. It is verified that the proposed technique can significantly enhance the measured performance and ensure the robustness to various amounts of defocusing.
Evolution of quantum states via Weyl expansion in dissipative channel*
Authors: Hu Li-Yun , Rao Zhi-Ming , Kuang Qing-Qiang
Published: August 2019

Based on the Weyl expansion representation of Wigner operator and its invariant property under similar transformation, we derived the relationship between input state and output state after a unitary transformation including Wigner function and density operator. It is shown that they can be related by a transformation matrix corresponding to the unitary evolution. In addition, for any density operator going through a dissipative channel, the evolution formula of the Wigner function is also derived. As applications, we considered further the two-mode squeezed vacuum as inputs, and obtained the resulted Wigner function and density operator within normal ordering form. Our method is clear and concise, and can be easily extended to deal with other problems involved in quantum metrology, steering, and quantum information with continuous variable.
The 2-

μ
m

to 6-

μ
m

mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in cascaded ZBLAN and As2Se3 step-index fibers*
Authors: Yao Jinmei , Zhang Bin , Yin Ke , Hou Jing
Published: August 2019

Fiber-based mid-infrared (MIR) supercontinuum (SC) sources benefit from their spectral brightness and spatial coherence that are needed for many applications, such as spectroscopy and metrology. In this paper, an SC spanning from

2

μ
m

to

6

μ
m

is demonstrated in cascaded ZrF4–BaF2–LaF3–AlF3–NaF (ZBLAN) and As2Se3 step-index fibers. The pump source is a ZBLAN fiber-based MIR SC laser with abundant high-peak-power soliton pulses between 3000 nm and 4200 nm. By concatenating the ZBLAN fiber and the As2Se3 fiber, efficient cascading red-shifts are obtained in the normal dispersion region of the As2Se3 fiber. The spectral behavior of cascaded SC generation shows that the long-wavelength proportion of MIR SC generated in the ZBLAN fiber plays a critical role for further spectral extension in the As2Se3 fiber.
Non-crossover sub-Doppler DAVLL in selective reflection scheme*
Authors: Zhang Lin-Jie , Zhang Hao , Zhao Yan-Ting , Xiao Lian-Tuan , Jia Suo-Tang
Published: August 2019

We demonstrate a non-crossover sub-Doppler dichroic atomic vapor laser locking (DAVLL) in selective reflection scheme, which allows us to obtain a modulation-free laser locking with wide tuneable range. The dependence of peak-to-peak amplitude, tuneable range and the slope near the zero-crossing point of error signal on the frequency shift induced by the magnetic fields are studied. The adjustable error signal by the varying external magnetic field can offer the laser locking from the order of tens MHz to hundreds MHz. The ultimate dither of locked laser frequency is less than 0.5 MHz. The square root of Allan variance of the error signals reaches a minimum of 3 × 10−10 for an averaging time of 130 s.
Opto propeller effect on Micro–Rotors with different handedness*
Authors: Tang Yiwen , Li Zhibing
Published: August 2019

Manipulating biomacromolecules and micro-devices with light is highly appealing. Opto driving torque can propel micro-rotors to translational motion in viscous liquid, and then separate microsystems according to their handedness. We study the torque of dielectric loss generated by circular polarized lasers. The unwanted axial force which causes the handedness independent translational motion is cancelled by the counter propagating reflection beams. The propelling efficiency and the friction torque of water are obtained by solving the Navier-Stokes equation. In the interesting range of parameters, the numerical friction torque is found to be linear to the angular velocity with a slope depending on the radius of rotor as r
3. The time-dependent distribution of angular velocity is obtained as a solution of the Fokker–Planck equation, with which the thermal fluctuation is accounted. The results shed light on the micro-torque measurement and suggest a controllable micro-carrier.
Damage characteristics of laser plasma shock wave on rear surface of fused silica glass*
Authors: Shen Xiong , Feng Guo-Ying , Jing Sheng , Han Jing-Hua , Li Ya-Guo , Liu Kai
Published: August 2019

The damage to the rear surface of fused silica under the action of high power laser is more severe than that incurred by the front surface, which hinders the improvement in the energy of the high power laser device. For optical components, the ionization breakdown by laser is a main factor causing damage, particularly with laser plasma shock waves, which can cause large-scale fracture damage in fused silica. In this study, the damage morphology is experimentally investigated, and the characteristics of the damage point are obtained. In the theoretical study, the coupling and transmission of the shock wave in glass are investigated based on the finite element method. Thus, both the magnitude and the orientation of stress are obtained. The damage mechanism of the glass can be explained based on the fracture characteristics of glass under different stresses and also on the variation of the damage zone’s Raman spectrum. In addition, the influence of the glass thickness on the damage morphology is investigated. The results obtained in this study can be used as a reference in understanding the characteristics and mechanism of damage characteristics induced by laser plasma shock waves.
Nucleation and growth of helium bubble at (110) twist grain boundaries in tungsten studied by molecular dynamics*
Authors: Li Fang-Biao , Ran Guang , Gao Ning , Zhao Shang-Quan , Li Ning
Published: August 2019

Migration of He atoms and growth of He bubbles in high angle twist grain boundaries (HAGBs) in tungsten (W) are investigated by atomic simulation method. The energy and free volume (FV) of grain boundary (GB) are affected by the density and structure of dislocation patterns in GB. The migration energy of the He atom between the neighboring trapping sites depends on free volume along the migration path at grain boundary. The region of grain boundary around the He bubble forms an ordered crystal structure when He bubble grows at certain grain boundaries. The He atoms aggregate on the grain boundary plane to form a plate-shape configuration. Furthermore, high grain boundary energy (GBE) results in a large volume of He bubble. Thus, the nucleation and growth of He bubbles in twist grain boundaries depend on the energy of grain boundary, the dislocation patterns and the free volume related migration path on the grain boundary plane.
Crystal structure and magnetic properties of disordered alloy ErGa3−xMnx*
Authors: Wang Cong , Guo Yong-Quan , Yang Shuo-Wang
Published: August 2019

ErGa3−x
Mn
x
disordered alloy is successfully prepared by the vacuum arc melting technology, and the crystal structure and magnetic properties are investigated by using the x-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. The Rietveld structural analysis indicates that the ErGa3−x
Mn
x
crystallizes into a cubic structure with space group of

Pm

3

¯

m

in Mn doping range of x = 0–0.1. However, the disordered alloy with structural formula of

Er

0.8

Ga

2

I

(GaII, Mn)0.4 as the second phase is separated from cubic phase for the samples with x = 0.2 and 0.3, which is induced by substituting the (GaII, Mn)–(GaII, Mn) pair at 2e crystal position for the rare earth Er at 1a site. The lattice parameters tend to increase with Mn content increasing due to the size effect at Ga (1.30 Å) site by substituting Mn (1.40 Å) for Ga. The paramagnetic characteristic is observed by doping Mn into ErGa3 at room temperature. With Mn content increasing from x = 0 to 0.1, the magnetic susceptibility χ tends to increase. This phenomenon can be due to the increase of effective potential induced by doping Mn into ErGa3. However, the magnetic susceptibility χ continues to decrease with the increase of Mn content in a range of

x
>
0.2

, which is due to the phase separation from the cubic Er(Ga, Mn)3 to the hexagonal Er0.8Ga2(Ga, Mn)0.4.
Structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of 25 kinds of III–V binary monolayers: A computational study with first-principles calculation*
Authors: Liu Xue-Fei , Luo Zi-Jiang , Zhou Xun , Wei Jie-Min , Wang Yi , Guo Xiang , Lv Bing , Ding Zhao
Published: August 2019

Using first-principle calculations, we investigate the mechanical, structural, and electronic properties and formation energy of 25 kinds of III–V binary monolayers in detail. A relative radius of the binary compound according to the atomic number in the periodic table is defined, and based on the definition, the 25 kinds of III–V binary compounds are exactly located at a symmetric position in a symmetric matrix. The mechanical properties and band gaps are found to be very dependent on relative radius, while the effective mass of holes and electrons are found to be less dependent. A linear function between Young’s modulus and formation energy is fitted with a linear relation in this paper. The change regularity of physical properties of B–V (V = P, As, Sb, Bi) and III–N (

III
=
Al

, Ga, In, Tl) are found to be very different from those of other III–V binary compounds.
Effects of oxygen vacancy concentration and temperature on memristive behavior of SrRuO3/Nb:SrTiO3 junctions*
Authors: Wang Zhi-Cheng , Cui Zhang-Zhang , Xu Hui , Zhai Xiao-Fang , Lu Ya-Lin
Published: August 2019

Metal/semiconductor memristive heterostructures have potential applications in nonvolatile memory and computing devices. To enhance the performance of the memristive devices, it requires a comprehensive engineering to the metal/semiconductor interfaces. Here in this paper, we discuss the effects of oxygen vacancies and temperature on the memristive behaviors of perovskite-oxide Schottky junctions, each consisting of SrRuO3 thin films epitaxially grown on Nb:SrTiO3 substrates. The oxygen partial pressure and laser fluence are controlled during the film growth to tune the oxygen defects in SrRuO3 films, and the Schottky barrier height can be controlled by both the temperature and oxygen vacancies. The resistive switching measurements demonstrate that the largest resistance switching ratio can be obtained by controlling oxygen vacancy concentration at lower temperature. It suggests that reducing Schottky barrier height can enhance the resistive switching performance of the SrRuO3/Nb:SrTiO3 heterostructures. This work can conduce to the development of high-performance metal-oxide/semiconductor memristive devices.
Lorentz transmission electron microscopy for magnetic skyrmions imaging*
Authors: Tang Jin , Kong Lingyao , Wang Weiwei , Du Haifeng , Tian Mingliang
Published: August 2019

Magnetic skyrmions have interesting properties, including their small size, topological stability, and extremely low threshold current for current-driven motion. Therefore, they are regarded as promising candidates for next-generation magnetic memory devices. Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has an ultrahigh magnetic domain resolution (∼2 nm), it is thus an ideal method for direct real-space imaging of fine magnetic configurations of ultra-small skyrmions. In this paper, we describe the basic principles of Lorentz-TEM and off-axis electron holography and review recent experimental developments in magnetic skyrmion imaging using these two methods.
Rectifying characteristics and solar-blind photoresponse in β-Ga2O3/ZnO heterojunctions*
Authors: Ma Xiao-Fei , Huang Yuan-Qi , Zhi Yu-Song , Wang Xia , Li Pei-Gang , Wu Zhen-Ping , Tang Wei-Hua
Published: August 2019

Heterojunctions composed of β-Ga2O3 and ZnO films are fabricated on sapphire substrates by using the laser molecular beam epitaxy method. The heterojunction possesses excellent rectifying characteristics with an asymmetry ratio over 105. Prominent solar-blind photoresponse effect is also observed in the formed heterojunction. The photodetector exhibits a self-powered behavior with a fast response speed (rise time and decay time are 0.035 s and 0.032 s respectively) at zero bias. The obtained high performance can be related to the built-in field driven photogenerated electron-hole separation.
Spin transport in antiferromagnetic insulators*
Authors: Qiu Zhiyong , Hou Dazhi
Published: August 2019

Electrical spin, which is the key element of spintronics, has been regarded as a powerful substitute for the electrical charge in the next generation of information technology, in which spin plays the role of the carrier of information and/or energy in a similar way to the electrical charge in electronics. Spin-transport phenomena in different materials are central topics of spintronics. Unlike electrical charge, spin transport does not depend on electron motion, particularly spin can be transported in insulators without accompanying Joule heating. Therefore, insulators are considered to be ideal materials for spin conductors, in which magnetic insulators are the most compelling systems. Recently, we experimentally studied and theoretically discussed spin transport in various antiferromagnetic systems and identified spin susceptibility and the Néel vector as the most important factors for spin transport in antiferromagnetic systems. Herein, we summarize our experimental results, physical nature, and puzzles unknown. Further challenges and potential applications are also discussed.
Analysis of non-uniform hetero-gate-dielectric dual-material control gate TFET for suppressing ambipolar nature and improving radio-frequency performance*
Authors: Xu Hui-Fang , Cui Jian , Sun Wen , Han Xin-Feng
Published: August 2019

A tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) is proposed by combining various advantages together, such as non-uniform gate–oxide layer, hetero-gate-dielectric (HGD), and dual-material control-gate (DMCG) technology. The effects of the length of non-uniform gate–oxide layer and dual-material control-gate on the on-state, off-state, and ambipolar currents are investigated. In addition, radio-frequency performance is studied in terms of gain bandwidth product, cut-off frequency, transit time, and transconductance frequency product. Moreover, the length of non-uniform gate–oxide layer and dual-material control-gate are optimized to improve the on-off current ratio and radio-frequency performances as well as the suppression of ambipolar current. All results demonstrate that the proposed device not only suppresses ambipolar current but also improves radio-frequency performance compared with the conventional DMCG TFET, which makes the proposed device a better application prospect in the advanced integrated circuits.
Time evolution of angular momentum coherent state derived by virtue of entangled state representation and a new binomial theorem*
Authors: Wang Ji-Suo , Meng Xiang-Guo , Fan Hong-Yi
Published: August 2019

We study how can an angular momentum coherent state

∣
τ
〉

keeps its form-invariant during time evolution governed by the Hamiltonian

H
=
f
(
t
)

J

+

+

f

*

(
t
)

J

−

+
g
(
t
)

J

z

. We discuss this topic in the context of boson realization of

∣
τ
〉

. By employing the entangled state representation

∣
ζ
〉

and deriving a new binomial theorem involving two-subscript Hermite polynomials, we derive the wave function

〈
ζ
∣
τ
〉

, which turns out to be a single-subscript Hermite polynomial. Based on this result the maintenance of angular momentum coherent state during time evolution is examined, and the value of

τ
(
t
)

is totally determined by the parameters involved in the Hamiltonian.
Electrical transport and optical properties of Cd3As2 thin films*
Authors: Yang Yun-Kun , Xiu Fa-Xian , Wang Feng-Qiu , Wang Jun , Shi Yi
Published: August 2019

Cd3As2, as a three-dimensional (3D) topological Dirac semimetal, has attracted wide attention due to its unique physical properties originating from the 3D massless Dirac fermions. While many efforts have been devoted to the exploration of novel physical phenomena such as chiral anomaly and phase transitions by using bulk crystals, the development of high-quality and large-scale thin films becomes necessary for practical electronic and optical applications. Here, we report our recent progress in developing single-crystalline thin films with improved quality and their optical devices including Cd3As2-based heterojunctions and ultrafast optical switches. We find that a post-annealing process can significantly enhance the crystallinity of Cd3As2 in both intrinsic and Zn-doped thin films. With excellent characteristics of high mobility and linear band dispersion, Cd3As2 exhibits a good optical response in the visible-to-mid-infrared range due to an advantageous optical absorption, which is reminiscent of 3D graphene. It also behaves as an excellent saturable absorber in the mid-infrared regime. Through the delicate doping process in this material system, it may further open up the long-sought parameter space crucial for the development of compact and high-performance mid-infrared ultrafast sources.
Anisotropy in condensed matter — liquid crystals, glass, and phase coexistence
Authors: Aoki K M
Published: August 2019

Molecular dynamics (MD) methods suitable for treating anisotropic fluctuations in condensed matter are discussed. Barostats with two anisotropic factors to control the simulation cell dynamics are introduced in three MD simulation methods; constant pressure, constant surface tension, and canonical hydrostatic. To demonstrate the possibilities of these methods, calculations of two systems, one consisting of anisotropic particles and other consisting of isotropic particles, are presented.
Thermodynamic analysis of semiflexible helical polymers
Authors: Williams Matthew J. , Bachmann Michael
Published: August 2019

Tertiary structure formation underlies the folding mechanics of many classes of polymers. A simplified model of helical polymers is a useful system in which to begin studying the formation and properties of compact conformations known from biomolecules. Hyper-phase diagrams and structural transitions are presented for polymers of length 40 and 50 over an array of model parameters.
Ab initio density-functional studies of 13-atom Cu and Ag clusters
Authors: Limbu Dil K. , Madueke Michael U. , Atta-Fynn Raymond , Drabold David A. , Biswas Parthapratim
Published: August 2019

The putative ground-state structures of 13-atom Cu and Ag clusters have been studied using ab initio molecular-dynamics (AIMD) based on density-functional theory (DFT). An ensemble of low-energy configurations, collected along the AIMD trajectory and optimized to nearest local minimum-energy configurations, were studied. An analysis of the results suggests the existence of low-symmetric bilayer structures as strong candidates for the putative ground-state structure of Cu13 and Ag13 clusters. These bilayer structures are markedly different from a buckled bi-planar (BBP) configuration and energetically favorable, by about 0.4–0.5 eV, than the latter proposed earlier by others. Our study reveals that the structure of the resulting putative global-minimum configuration is essentially independent of the nature of basis functions (i.e., plane waves vs. pseudoatomic orbitals) employed in the calculations, for a given exchange-correlation functional. The structural configurations obtained from plane-wave-based DFT calculations show a noticeably tighter or dense first-shell of Cu and Ag atoms. A comparison of our results with recent full-potential DFT simulations is presented.
On properties of the Wang–Landau algorithm
Authors: Shchur L. N.
Published: August 2019

We review recent advances in the analysis of the Wang–Landau algorithm, which is designed for the direct Monte Carlo estimation of the density of states (DOS). In the case of a discrete energy spectrum, we present an approach based on introducing the transition matrix in the energy space (TMES). The TMES fully describes a random walk in the energy space biased with the Wang–Landau probability. Properties of the TMES can explain some features of the Wang–Landau algorithm, for example, the flatness of the histogram. We show that the Wang–Landau probability with the true DOS generates a Markov process in the energy space and the inverse spectral gap of the TMES can estimate the mixing time of this Markov process. We argue that an efficient implementation of the Wang–Landau algorithm consists of two simulation stages: the original Wang-Landau procedure for the first stage and a 1/t modification for the second stage. The mixing time determines the characteristic time for convergence to the true DOS in the second simulation stage. The parameter of the convergence of the estimated DOS to the true DOS is the difference of the largest TMES eigenvalue from unity. The characteristic time of the first stage is the tunneling time, i.e., the time needed for the system to visit all energy levels.
Effect of the cooling rate in the thermally driven differential mutation method
Authors: Biswas Katja
Published: August 2019

The thermally driven differential mutation algorithm is an evolutionary algorithm dealing with the structural optimization of large amorphous systems represented by empirical potentials. It is a hybrid algorithm that combines a differential mutation evolutionary algorithm with a metropolis selection criterion and a cooling schedule inspired by simulated annealing. In this manuscript, the influence of the cooling rate on the quality of obtained amorphous graphene structures is discussed.
Optimization production and distribution using production routing problem with perishable inventory (PRPPI) models
Authors: Dewi Novi Rustiana , Susanti Eka , Roflin Eddy , Octalia Tiara Bella , Novita Rika
Published: August 2019

This paper discussed about optimization production and distribution problem of tempe using Production Routing problem with Perishable Inventory (PRPPI) models with First Produce, First Deliver (FPFD) and First Produce First Selling (FPFS) inventory management policy. Tempe is a food made from soy fermentation and distributed from the depot to retailers. There are three retailers, namely Perumnas market, Sekip market and Kebon Semai market respectively as retailer 1, 2 and 3, and Ana depot is defined as retailer 0. An exact Branch and Bound algorithm was developed and solved by Lingo 17.0 Software. The results of minimum cost production and distribution retailer 0 was 69,174 rupiah, optimal amount of tempe production 34 pieces. The shipping routes starting from retailer 0 to retailer 1, proceed to retailer 2 and then to retailer 3 finally return to retailer 0.
Set covering models in optimizing the emergency unit location of health facility in Palembang
Authors: Sitepu Robinson , Puspita Fitri Maya , Romelda Setia , Fikri Ahmad , Susanto Beta , Kaban Hadir
Published: August 2019

Palembang comprises 16 districts, but in this research, the focus area is limited to 8 districts namely Sukarami, Sako, Sematang Borang, Kalidoni, Kemuning, Ilir Timur II, Seberang Ulu II, and Plaju. There are currently only 7 districts that have emergency installations. This research is designed to optimize the number and location of emergency installation in Palembang. Optimization of emergency installation location is required to improve health services in Palembang. This optimization uses covering-based models that include location set covering problem and maximal covering location problem. The solutions are obtained by using branch and bound solver on Lingo 13.0. The results of the computation with the best time of 15 minutes are 6 locations of emergency installations in order to serve the existing 8 districts.
Support vector machines for classification of low birth weight in Indonesia
Authors: Eliyati Ning , Faruk Alfensi , Kresnawati Endang Sri , Arifieni Ika
Published: August 2019

This paper proposes support vector machines (SVMs), which is currently one of the most popular algorithms in machine learning (ML), in order to classify the low birth weight (LBW) data. The main objectives of this study are to predict the classification of LBW data in Indonesia based on the SVMs andto compare the performance of the proposed SVMs with the binary logistic regression as the most common model for classification of LBW data. The obtained samples were based on the results of Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey in 2012. The results showed that SVMs with four kernel functions (linear, radial, polynomial and hyperbolic tangent) were fit well to the LBW data in Indonesia. Furthermore, the constructed SVMs based on linear kernel function had the best performance among the SVMs with the other proposed kernel functions. This research also concluded that the SVMs based on linear kernel competed well with thebinary logistic regression forclassification LBW data in Indonesia.
Timetable creation of BRT Trans Musi Palembang on AAL Ampera route
Authors: Irmeilyana  , Indrawati  , Amran Ali , Tomy Reyfaldo
Published: August 2019

Timetable creation is an integer linear programming in transportation scheduling. In this study, we used primary and secondary data of BRT Trans Musi Kota Palembang on AAL-Ampera route for bus operation time in each of the 2 periods in the morning (i. e. at 6 to 8 am) and afternoon (i.e. at 4 to 6 pm). The aim of this timetable creation is to find the optimal departure time of the bus in minimizing the density of passengers in the bus and in a halte (or tranfer node). We solved the problem by Branch and Bound method. Based on the results, headway in the morning is higher than afternoon time, especially for Ampera - AAL route. This means that passengers are transported on the route AAL - Ampera in the morning more than the afternoon. Conversely passengers for the route Ampera - AAL in the afternoon more than the morning. In the morning, the required number of buses for AAL - Ampera route is more than the Ampera - AAL route. By contrast, in the afternoon, the required number of buses for Ampera - AAL route is more numerous. The start time of operation on both routes in each period is relatively the same.
Analyzing characteristics of Songket Palembang weavers productivity using path analysis
Authors: Irmeilyana  , Desiani Anita , Ngudiantoro  , Alfarisy Salman , Andreani Putri Asia
Published: August 2019

Most of women in Desa Limbang Jaya work as songket weavers. Their products have good quality, but their level productivity is low, so it causes the income for them is low. There are characteristics that influence the level productivity of weaver. Path analysis is method that can be used to look for the characteristics that influence the productivity. In this paper, we use path analysis to find exogenous variables that effect directly and indirectly on endogenous variables. Exogenous variables in this paper consist of: age, education, work period, work motivation, work culture and business motivation. Endogenous variables consist of productivity and income. The obtained data by purposive sampling method consist of 104 songket weaver respondents. Characters that have a significant influence on the productivity of songket weavers in Limbang Jaya is education and business motivation. In the craftsman’s income, either with alpha 5% or 10%, no variable has a direct and indirectly significant effect.
The effect of oil palm shell ash to asphalt characteristics
Authors: Ritonga Winsyahputra , Ritonga Nila Yosefa , Rangkuti Muhammad Aswin , Eddiyanto  , Prawijaya Septian
Published: August 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of oil palm shell ash on the characteristics of asphalt and its mixtures. Palm shell is chosen as a filler material due to its content of silicon dioxide (SiO2) so that it is used as a suitable binder. This study consisted of several stages: (1) making modified bitumen; (2) testing modified bitumen with asphalt physical requirements method; (3) making and testing specimens; (4) Marshall testing. The results showed that the addition of oil palm shell ash resulted in increased asphalt stability values with the highest stability of 1553 kg from sample 4. Furthermore, the addition of oil palm shell ash resulted in increased asphalt flow values with the highest flow of 3,85 mm from sample 5. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it was concluded that there was an effect of the addition of oil palm shell ash on the characteristics of asphalt and its mixture.
Analysis crystal structure of magnetic materials Co1-xZnxFe2O4
Authors: Johan Akmal , Adi Wisnu Ari , Arsyad Fitri Suryani , Setiabudidaya Dedi
Published: August 2019

Modification of zinc substitution cobalt ferrite material is expected to be one of the microwave absorbing material candidates because it has single phase permittivity and permeability. Permitivity and permeability are engineered from the inter-substitution of atoms in the crystal lattice as a function of composition. Substitution of zinc into cobalt ferrite (Co1- xZnxFe2O4) for Zn2+ (x = 0 – 1) has been synthesized using the solid reaction method through mechanical deformation techniques. The results of refinement of X-ray diffraction patterns indicates that a single phase is obtained for all x compositions. Cubic structure formation with Fd3m space group, where the lattice parameter, lattice strain, cell unit volume, and atomic density change as a composition function. Morphological observations of particles using a scanning electron microscope showed that the particle size distribution was evenly distributed for all compositions with particle sizes ranging from 100-500 nm, whereas in each particle the average size of crystallite also changed as a function of composition. It was concluded that the effect of Zn substitution on Co1-xZnxFe2O4 resulted in changes in the crystal structure parameters as a function of composition with a uniform particle size distribution in all compositions.
Waste as fastest cycle of renewable energy sources through TOSS Model
Authors: Legino Supriadi , Hidayawanti Ranti , Wirantika Irma
Published: August 2019

Natural fossil formation takes several million years while coal consumption trends to be higher from time to time. Such unbalance condition leads to the faster decreasing reserve of oil, gas, and coal that will create various impacts for people in the future since they will have no fossil energy anymore. Therefore, many countries in the world make an effort to use various biomass as renewable energy sources alternatives. Unlike intermitten sources such as solar, wind, or tidal energy that cannot be storaged, biomass can be renewed and storage as similar to fossil fuel. However, it takes million decades to create fossil fuel like coal, gas, and oil, while biomass can be renewed in much shorter cycle. For examples, wooden biomass from natural forest or jungle will take around ten years cycle to grow, forest woods from cultivated plantation will take around five years cycle, and some kind of biomass take less than a year renewable cycle such as rice husk, straw, vetiver grass, and other cultivated plantation. Waste as a focal point of this study is a biomass with a shortest renewable cycle because human, animal, and plant produced waste continuously and its population is always increasing. STT PLN school of technology Jakarta has conducted study and pilot project to convert waste into pellet or briquette that can be used to replace coal, gas, or oil. This waste to energy model that takes only less than ten days to produce pellet from fresh waste is named TOSS, stand for tempat olah sampah stempat, means localized waste treatment. Therefore it can be stated that renewable cycle of waste, particularly municipal waste is only ten 10 days cycle. By using this renewable cycle approach, any kind of biomass value can be compared to the value of coal over certain period of time. For instance, 1000 ton of waste can be converted into at least 100 kg with 3000 kcal/kg equivalent pellet in 10 days. It means that 1000 ton of waste in only 100 days is equivalent to 1000 ton of low rank coal that takes million years to formed.
Temperature carbonization effect on the quality of activated carbon based on rubber seed shell
Authors: Aulia  , Aprilianda  , Arsyad F S , Johan A
Published: August 2019

Successful activated carbon-based rubber seed shell was made using a chemical activation method using H3PO4 activator 7% at 400, 500 and 600°C carbonization temperature variations. Based on the results of testing the activated carbon which was burned at 600°C had a better quality compared to activated carbon which was burned at 400 and 500°C. Activated carbon burned at 600°C has a low moisture content of 2.03%, the high ash content of 2.57%, the low volatile matter of 19.64% and high fixed carbon of 76.15%. From the calculation of the density and porosity of the activated carbon has been made known that the higher the carbonization temperature from 400°C to 600°C there is an increase in porosity from 7.689% to 14.809% and there is a decrease in density from 0.01198 gr/cm3 to 0.01182 gr/cm3. While from FTIR characterization seen the functional group of P-OH, O-H and C-H aliphatic at active activated carbon.
Study the synthesis of LiBOB compounds using lithium sources from sea water
Authors: Lestariningsih T. , Sabrina Q , Nuroniah I. , Prihandoko B. , Marti Wigayati E. , Rina Ratri C.
Published: August 2019

Indonesia as a country rich in natural resources has a source of lithium that can be used as raw material for making LiBOB salt. Natural sources of lithium are found in seawater or brines, mineral rocks and in geothermal fluids. Seawater contains large amounts of NaCl so that it is possible to have Na impurities in Lithium obtained from seawater. In this research, LiBOB synthesis has been done using a source of lithium-containing Na. LiBOB is made by solid-state reaction method, where the raw material is mixed in solid condition, then heating in the furnace for calcination and sintering process. Sample analysis was carried out by comparing the synthesis of LiBOB using lithium sources containing Na with LiBOB synthesis using lithium sources without containing Na. Based on the results of the XRD analysis, it is showed that the content of 3% Na in the Lithium source does not affect changes in the LiBOB crystal structure. FTIR analysis showed that the content of 3% Na does not affect the formed LiBOB functional group, even though there is a shift in wave numbers. The results of the thermal analysis showed that both samples occurred endothermic reactions and had a decomposition temperature of around 300°C.
Change of Structure and Magnetic Properties of La-Substituted Barium Hexaferrite
Authors: Taryana Yana , Manaf Azwar , Adi Wisnu Ari
Published: August 2019

The substitution of Lanthanum into barium hexaferrite (Ba1-xLaxFe12O19) for La3+ (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6) has been synthesized using the solid reaction method through mechanical milling. Refinement results from X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) showed that the formation of hexagonal crystal structures with space group P63/mmc, where the lattice parameters of a = b and c decreased, while the lattice strain obtained increased with increasing La concentration in the sample. The single phase is obtained at the concentration of x = 0, while the concentration of x = 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 are already multi-phase. The morphological observation of particles using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that with the presence of the La3+ substitution results the particle size distribution varies. Saturation magnetization and magnetocrystalline anisotropy are reduced due to this La substitution. This is thought to be caused by a decrease in magnetic (Fe-O-Fe) interaction and a reduction in the barium hexaferrite phase fraction in the sample. It was concluded that the effect of La substitution on Ba1-xLaxFe12O19 resulted in changes in Crystal structure parameters, particle size distribution, and magnetic properties of the material.
Analysis of seismicity level and return period of bengkulu area earthquake from 1960-2017
Authors: Patrisia Desy , Sailah Siti , Affandi Azhar K
Published: August 2019

In this research, seismicity and the return period of earthquake in Bengkulu and surrounding areas has been analyzed using the relationship between the frequency and the magnitude of earthquakes. Study area is at coordinate points of 1,1-6,4° SL and 99,5° - 104,9° EL, whereas the earthquake data used is limited only to 5.0 SR magnitude and 100 km depth from 1960-2017 sourced catalog data from United States Geological Survey (USGS) and using the Zmap Matlab 2007Rb software program. The analysis results that spatial variation b-value is 0,6–2, a-value is 5-15 while magnitude of Completeness is 5,1. And return period of earthquake with magnitude 5 ranges from 0,2-0,5 years, magnitude 5,5 ranges from 1,5-3,5 2-4 years, magnitude 6 ranges from 6-12 years, magnitude 6,5 ranges from15-25 years and magnitude 7 ranges from 10-20 years, magnitude 7,5 ranges from 30-50 years, and magnitude 8 and 8,5 ranges from 100-150 years. Hence the results show that Bengkulu area is an area with high stress level and relatives high magnitude level.
Optical properties doped RuO2 (0, 2, 4, 6%) of thin film LiNbO3
Authors: Zuhri Mahfuddin , Novitri  , Irmansyah  , Setiawan Ardian Arif , Alatas Husin , Irzaman
Published: August 2019

Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) can be applied as a thin film coating because it has superior piezoelectric, optoelectronic, pyroelectric, and photorefractive properties. The growth of LiNbO3 thin film using Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) method with spin coating technique speed of 8000 rpm for 30 seconds on a p-type silicon substrate (100) with variations in concentration of RuO2 container (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%) and annealing temperature (750 °C, 800 °C, 850 °C). The annealing temperature is kept on hold for 8 hours with an increase of 1.67 °C/minute. The result of LiNbO3 bandgap energy film is 2.55 eV to 3.18 eV with a refractive index ranging from 1.15 to 1.65.
Analysis and enhancement of the ethanol resistance of Pichia kudriavzevii N77-4, a strain newly isolated from the Korean traditional fermentation starter Nuruk, for improved fermentation performance
Authors: Sugiyama M , Fukaya T , Moon J Y , Ishida K , Matsushita A , Kim S Y , Yeo S H
Published: August 2019

Nuruk is a traditional fermentation starter used for making starch-based Korean alcoholic drinks. The yeast strain Pichia kudriavzevii N77-4 was newly isolated from nuruk. Resistance to ethanol stress is a crucial characteristic in alcoholic beverage production, but the ethanol stress-resistance of P. kudriavzevii remains to be clarified. In this study, we attempted to analyze the ethanol resistance of P. kudriavzevii N77-4, and to improve it by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. After 4 h of cultivation in 5% ethanol, N77-4 showed a growth defect accompanied with accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, exposure of N77-4 to ethanol stress induced a more than 3-fold increase in the expression of PkSOD2, which encodes a superoxide dismutase, indicating that the strain was able to generate PkSOD2 to decrease ROS. EMS mutagenesis was performed to improve the ethanol resistance of N77-4. An isolated mutant, HER8, exhibited higher ethanol resistance, a 50% decrease in ROS accumulation, and enhanced expressions of PkGPX2, which encodes a glutathione peroxidase, and PkSOD1. Moreover, HER8 showed 10% greater ethanol production, indicating that up-regulation of these antioxidant genes is important for improving ethanol resistance in P. kudriavzevii, and use of the HER8 strain will improve the brewing fermentation.
Supramolecular design of Benzene-1,3,5-Tricarboxamide with Hydrophobic Alkyl side chains toward long-range liquid crystalline properties
Authors: Lintang H O , Matmin J , Yuliati L
Published: August 2019

Herein we report the first approach of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamides (BTAs) with long-range liquid crystalline properties by utilizing hydrophobic alkyl side chains at the amide functional group. These compounds were successfully prepared in high yields by reacting 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride with series of aliphatic linear alkyl amines as the side chains. By increasing the length of hydrocarbon chains at the amino, thermograms of BTAs showed the formation of mesophase rangesbetween 21.8- 196.3, 41.9 - 212.4, 57.9 - 203.7, 76.1 - 207.7 and 80.5 - 200.1 degrees for decylamine, dodecylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamineand octadecylamine, respectively. Such liquid crystalline properties indicate the formation of self-assembly through supramolecular interactions with a lamellar structure. In particular, benzene tricarboxamide with short alkyl chains will reduce the Van der Waals interactions to give room temperature range of mesophase structure.