bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Intelligence: Its Nature and Implications for Education
Authors: Sternberg Robert J.
Published: December 2021

This article introduces the concept of adaptive intelligence—the intelligence one needs to adapt to current problems and anticipate future problems of real-world environments—and discusses its implications for education. Adaptive intelligence involves not only promoting one’s own ability to survive and thrive, but also that of others in one’s own generation and in future generations. The article opens with a discussion of some of the strengths but also the limitations of the concept of general intelligence. It then discusses the concept of adaptive intelligence. Then, it breaks down adaptive intelligence into its constituent parts—creative, analytical, practical, and wisdom-based skills and attitudes. Finally, it discusses how the concept of adaptive intelligence can be operationalized in schools.
MicroRNAs Regulate Cell Cycle and Cell Death Pathways in Glioblastoma
Authors: Sati Isra Saif Eldin Eisa , Parhar Ishwar
Published: December 2021

Glioblastoma (GBM), a grade IV brain tumor, is known for its heterogenicity and its resistance to the current treatment regimen. Over the last few decades, a significant amount of new molecular and genetic findings has been reported regarding factors contributing to GBM’s development into a lethal phenotype and its overall poor prognosis. MicroRNA (miRNAs) are small non-coding sequences of RNA that regulate and influence the expression of multiple genes. Many research findings have highlighted the importance of miRNAs in facilitating and controlling normal biological functions, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, miRNAs’ ability to initiate and promote cancer development, directly or indirectly, has been shown in many types of cancer. There is a clear association between alteration in miRNAs expression in GBM’s ability to escape apoptosis, proliferation, and resistance to treatment. Further, miRNAs regulate the already altered pathways in GBM, including P53, RB, and PI3K-AKT pathways. Furthermore, miRNAs also contribute to autophagy at multiple stages. In this review, we summarize the functions of miRNAs in GBM pathways linked to dysregulation of cell cycle control, apoptosis and resistance to treatment, and the possible use of miRNAs in clinical settings as treatment and prediction biomarkers.
Surgical Management of Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Cell Carcinoma with Venous Tumor Thrombus: A Liver Transplant-Based Approach
Authors: Ciancio Gaetano , Tabbara Marina M. , Martucci Melanie , Gaynor Jeffrey J. , Morsi Mahmoud , Gonzalez Javier
Published: December 2021

Upper urinary tract urothelial cell carcinoma (UTUC) with venous tumor thrombus (TT) that extends into the renal vein (RV) and inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare entity and its management is a surgical challenge. We report the largest single experience of surgical management of UTUC and accompanying venous TT with radical nephroureterectomy and tumor thrombectomy (RNATT) using transplant-based (TB) surgical techniques. From September 2003 to June 2021, nine patients with UTUC and venous TT underwent RNATT. Demographics, disease characteristics, surgical details, 30-day postoperative complications, and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. All nine patients had extension of the TT into the RV. Of those, seven had additional extension of the TT into the IVC. Venous TT level was categorized as 0 (n = 2), I (n = 2), II (n = 4), and IIIa (n = 1). Median tumor size was 12 cm (range 3–20 cm). Median estimated blood loss was 300 (range 150–1000) cc. One patient was still alive at last follow-up (4 months), and in total, eight patients have died with a median time-to-death of 12 months (range 10 days–24 months). RNATT using TB maneuvers like liver mobilization and pancreas-spleen en bloc mobilization provide excellent exposure to the retroperitoneal space and enable the safe removal of UTUC with venous TT.
Combination Therapy for HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis—A Success Story
Authors: Hurt William J. , Harrison Thomas S. , Molloy Síle F. , Bicanic Tihana A.
Published: December 2021

Cryptococcal meningitis is the leading cause of adult meningitis in patients with HIV, and accounts for 15% of all HIV-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. The mainstay of management is effective antifungal therapy, despite a limited arsenal of antifungal drugs, significant progress has been made developing effective treatment strategies by using combination regimens. The introduction of fluconazole as a safe and effective step-down therapy allowed for shorter courses of more fungicidal agents to be given as induction therapy, with higher doses achieving more rapid CSF sterilisation and improved treatment outcomes. The development of early fungicidal activity (EFA), an easily measured surrogate of treatment efficacy, has enabled rapid identification of effective combinations through dose ranging phase II studies, allowing further evaluation of clinical benefit in targeted phase III studies. Recent clinical trials have shown that shorter course induction regimens using one week of amphotericin paired with flucytosine are non-inferior to traditional two-week induction regimens and that the combination of fluconazole and flucytosine offers a viable treatment alternative when amphotericin is unavailable. Access to drugs in many low and middle-income settings remains challenging but is improving, and novel strategies based on single high dose liposomal amphotericin B promise further reduction in treatment complications and toxicities. This review aims to summarise the key findings of the principal clinical trials that have led to the success story of combination therapy thus far.
Limitations of Muscle Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography for Clinical Routine—Positioning and Muscle Selection
Authors: Romano Alyssa , Staber Deborah , Grimm Alexander , Kronlage Cornelius , Marquetand Justus
Published: December 2021

Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a clinical ultrasound imaging modality that enables non-invasive estimation of tissue elasticity. However, various methodological factors—such as vendor-specific implementations of SWE, mechanical anisotropy of tissue, varying anatomical position of muscle and changes in elasticity due to passive muscle stretch—can confound muscle SWE measurements and increase their variability. A measurement protocol with a low variability of reference measurements in healthy subjects is desirable to facilitate diagnostic conclusions on an individual-patient level. Here, we present data from 52 healthy volunteers in the areas of: (1) Characterizing different limb and truncal muscles in terms of inter-subject variability of SWE measurements. Superficial muscles with little pennation, such as biceps brachii, exhibit the lowest variability whereas paravertebral muscles show the highest. (2) Comparing two protocols with different limb positioning in a trade-off between examination convenience and SWE measurement variability. Repositioning to achieve low passive extension of each muscle results in the lowest SWE variability. (3) Providing SWE shear wave velocity (SWV) reference values for a specific ultrasound machine/transducer setup (Canon Aplio i800, 18 MHz probe) for a number of muscles and two positioning protocols. We argue that methodological issues limit the current clinical applicability of muscle SWE.
APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM EQUIPES: APLICAÇÃO NO ENSINO REMOTO
Authors: Negreiro Camila Conceição , Sesti Luís Fernando Castagnino
Published: December 2021

A aprendizagem dos alunos da educação superior em saúde foi afetada pelo distanciamento imposto pela pandemia da Covid-19. Revelando a necessidade de estratégias de ensino a distância que comporte o ensino teórico juntamente com a aplicação prática dos conteúdos estudados. Para isso, o aluno deve se reconhecer como o protagonista de sua aprendizagem na academia, sendo capaz de resolver problemas e trabalhar em equipe. Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a eficácia prática da aplicação da metodologia Aprendizagem Baseada em Equipes no ensino remoto de Introdução a Biomedicina em turma de Biomedicina no CEULP/ULBRA.  Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, com natureza qualitativa, na perspectiva de um estudo de caso. A amostra foi composta pelos discentes matriculados no segundo semestre de 2021, na matéria Introdução a Biomedicina do curso de Biomedicina, em Palmas-TO. Foi proposto a aplicação do método através de plataforma online, com uso de roteiro de aula. Por fim, houve uma avaliação de forma a compor o sistema de coleta de dados para averiguar a eficácia da metodologia em alcançar os objetivos propostos pela matéria de Introdução a Biomedicina. Frente aos resultados desta pesquisa, identificou-se que a metodologia ativa de Aprendizagem Baseada em Equipes proporciona uma aprendizagem significativa, centrada no construtivismo, sendo favorável para alcançar as competências desejáveis em profissionais na área da saúde.
The development of oil companies in the light of the evolution of digital platforms
Authors: Bryntsev A. , Subbotin A. , Gribanov S.
Published: December 2021

In the article, the authors consider the formation and development of domestic digital platforms for the country's oil companies based on artificial intelligence. A brief analysis of the modern legal framework, which determines the priorities for the formation of the digital economy, is given, and the economic essence of the conceptual apparatus describing AI is revealed. Variants of practical application of expert systems of artificial intelligence are proposed.
Evaluation of the quality of state programs: the outcomes of testing of a multi-criteria model (results, problems, opportunities)
Authors: Gumerov R. , Guseva N. , Solntseva L.
Published: December 2021

Decree of the President of the Russian Federation № 633 dated November 8, 2021 «On approval of the Fundamentals of State Policy in the field of strategic planning in the Russian Federation» among the main directions of state policy in this area, scientific and methodological support for strategic planning of socio-economic development and ensuring national security is defined [3]. Within the framework of this direction, a multi-criteria model for assessing the quality of state programs of the Russian Federation has been developed and passed initial testing. New methodological approaches have been transformed into an algorithm and assessment tools, brought to the level of draft Guidelines and tested on the example of several government programs of various formats and areas of implementation. The model includes the author's conceptual apparatus, parameters and evaluation criteria, a regulated sequence of evaluation procedures (algorithm), specific tools, a specially developed tabular format for obtaining and issuing evaluation results. The principal features of the multicriteria model were described earlier [11]. This article presents the first practical results of assessing the quality of individual state programs of the Russian Federation based on the developed model. The obtained results, in turn, can be used for further improvement of the model.
Tools for solving management tasks in economic systems of the «organization» type
Authors: Gerasimov B.
Published: December 2021

There is a need to research and determine the composition and content of tools that form and ensure the implementation of professional management tasks. Scientific literature and empirical research have allowed us to choose as such tools methods of performing procedures, methods of managerial decision-making and management elements. The use of these tools for the design of technologies for solving professional management tasks will improve the quality and efficiency of the studied, designed and operated processes and their parts in organizations.
Tools for solving management tasks in economic systems of the «organization» type
Authors: Shedko Yu. , Vlasenko M. , Unizhayev N.
Published: December 2021

The digital economy requires the digital transformation of firms. There is no single solution to the digital transformation process. For each company, the process is carried out according to an individual plan. You can use world experience, but in certain segments of the digital economy, the Russian Federation has gone further than other countries. The authors proposed to consider the problems of digital transformation of energy companies separately. Then combine it into a single approach.

Digital transformation is much broader than the digitization of the workflow. Often, digitizing documents does not provide the synergistic effect of digital transformation. Digital transformation requires a change in the entire management system. All strategic documents should be reengineered. Digital transformation requires new models and methods that can use the information technologies and artificial intelligence systems that appear in the future. The introduction of blockchain technologies as part of digital transformation will allow changing the centralized management system. This will lead to significant cost savings. Digital transformation has highlighted a problem related to the lack of basic competencies of the digital economy among the leaders of energy firms. It is necessary to solve the identified problem in the shortest possible lines. The article reveals the problems associated with the use of information technologies by energy companies supplied from other countries with the possibility of remote change.
On Characterization of Optimal Control Model of Whooping Cough
Authors: Ismail A. S. , Aderinto Y. O.
Published: December 2021

Whooping cough is a vaccine avoidable public health problem which is caused by bacterium Bordetella Pertussis and it is a highly contagious disease of the respiratory system. In this paper, an SIR epidemiological model of whooping cough with optimal control strategy was formulated to control the transmission. The model was characterized to obtain the disease free and the endemic equilibrium points. Finally, the simulation was carried out using the Forward-backward sweep method by incorporating the Runge Kutta method to check the validity and the result obtained was an improvement over the existing results.
Oddziaływanie nieliberalnych rządów Nicolasa Maduro w Wenezueli na bez-pieczeństwo międzynarodowe w perspektywie współpracy Moskwy i Caracas
Authors: Kowalski Wawrzyniec
Published: December 2021

The aim of the paper is to show how the peculiarities of the Venezuelan political system, expressed by Nicolas Maduro and implemented by forces concentrated around this person, affect in-ternational security. The article shows that there is a close correlation between the illiberal political system of contemporary Venezuela and the behavior of the authorities of this country on the interna-tional forum. The degree of military involvement of the Russian Federation in Venezuela was as-sessed. It has been shown that the political system of contemporary Venezuela is petrified by the features of the authoritarian system; thus these features become the source of its weakness. This, in turn, enables countries supporting Maduro's rule to strengthen their positions in this country, which Russia also benefits from. Russia benefits, however, from this situation with a visible reserve resulting from the awareness of the total economic inertia of this, nominally, one of Latin America's richest countries. It was emphasized that Moscow is increasingly taking a wait-and-see position towards Ca-racas, realizing the growing uncertainty about the investments made so far in the country.
Obszary wyzwań edukacji dla bezpieczeństwa
Authors: Kunikowski Jerzy
Published: December 2021

The variability of the closer and more distant environment, which has been ob-served for a long time, requires the preparation of individual entities of social life to cope with threatening situations, which is extremely important due to the need to ensure security in terms of both personnel and structure. This task is possible, although undoubtedly not easy, but thanks to education aimed at: the good of the individual and his creativity, self-fulfillment, broadly understood responsibility, as well as the ability to adapt to behavior in the face of threats, it is possible to equip society with the necessary knowledge and skills. to withstand emerging chal-lenges. The author analyzes the challenges in the area of education for security, pointing to its increasingly expanding subject scope.
Polska mniejszość narodowa na Białorusi w okresie BSRR jako czynnik bezpieczeństwa narodowego ZSRR (1945-1985)
Authors: Kruczkowski Tadeusz
Published: December 2021

The Polish national minority in the USSR, including the BSSR, was viewed from the aspect of state security as an unreliable, subversive element. In this regard, it had to be Sovietized and Russified. In the conditions of the BSSR, there was also a specificity of the solution of the Polish question: first, the Poles were subjected to Sovietization and Byelorussification, and then to Russification. It was not possible to fully implement the plan for Sovietization and depolonization of the region and thus turn the Polish national minority into a Soviet society of power. The cultural and national specificity of the Poles of the BSSR and especially in the Grodno region has been preserved. However, the Soviet legacy in relation to the Polish national minority in independent Belarus has survived, including in the post-Soviet imperial complex “Great Belarus”, a character-istic complex of “small empires” for most of the former Soviet republics.
O intelectual João Roberto Moreira e sua obra “os sistemas ideais de educação”: um estudo sobre o campo científico educacionalL
Authors: Daniel Leziany Silveira
Published: December 2021

O intelectual catarinense João Roberto Moreira (1912-1967) tornou-se figura conhecida no âmbito nacional, quando de sua atuação junto aos principais órgãos da pesquisa educacional no Brasil, como o Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Educacionais (INEP) e o Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Educacionais (CBPE), nas décadas de 1940 e 1950.O presente trabalho tem como foco principal a análise da primeira obra do intelectual João Roberto Moreira, intitulada Os Sistemas Ideais de Educação, de 1945, publicada pela “Biblioteca Pedagógica Brasileira”, na série “Atualidades Pedagógicas”. Nesse livro, Moreira publicaria seus primeiros estudos, construídos no período em que atuou como professor e diretor do Curso Normal do Instituto de Educação de Florianópolis (1937-1943), sobre o campo científico educacional, abordando, principalmente, o papel dos conhecimentos provenientes da Psicologia e da Sociologia Educacionais para a formação de uma “Pedagogia Científica”. Publicada nos meados dos anos 40 do século XX, a obra de Moreira situa-se num ambiente intelectual de intensa preocupação com a constituição científica do campo educacional e que se intensificaria na década de 50 do século XX, com a criação, por exemplo, do Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Educacionais. As análises que Moreira realizou no seu primeiro livro, ainda que incipientes e fruto de seus estudos ainda introdutórios sobre o campo científico educacional, foram primordiais para sua projeção nacional, demonstrando um rigor científico que o credenciaria a realizar estudos mais amplos sobre a educação nacional (Daniel, 2003). São utilizadas como fontes, além do próprio livro analisado, cartas, folhetos, notícias jornalísticas, entre outros
Redwashing y pinkwashing:
Authors: Bento Berenice
Published: December 2021

La defensa de las políticas del Estado de Israel en relación a Palestina logra un nivel de adhesión que va desde los sectores más ligados a una ideología conservadora, hasta otros ligados a los activismos, entre ellos, sectores del movimiento LGBTTTI. En este artículo discutiré la defensa del Estado de Israel entre aquellos identificados con un ideal de transformación social. El objetivo aquí no será analizar los discursos de sectores conservadores vinculados a Israel, sino señalar cómo, en los marcos discursivos de una perspectiva de izquierda, existen estrategias discursivas que le dan a Israel el sello de un país democrático. Se van a analizar dos estrategias que operan en el ámbito de los activismos: el redwashing y el pinkwashing. En el primer caso, la atención se centrará en un corpus discursivo que utiliza una ideología de izquierda en la defensa del Estado de Israel. En el segundo, veremos cómo se activan elementos de la agenda LGBTTTI que califican a Israel como un país libre de homofobia / lesbofobia / transfobia, de ahí la defensa de este Estado como respetuoso de los derechos humanos de esta población.
Introducción. Dossier Palestina, Medio Oriente y Nuestra América
Authors: Martinelli Martín
Published: December 2021

En esta introducción resumiremos los principales lineamientos de los cinco artículos de este dossier. La situación actual nos lleva también a comentar, a grandes rasgos, la escalada de violencia actual que acosa a los palestinos y que genera situaciones inéditas en Palestina e Israel actual. Dadas las repercusiones a nivel mundial de lo sucedido en esos territorios, este pequeño aporte buscará desmitificar varios aspectos difundidos en pos de nublar el entendimiento de lo que sucede en la vida cotidiana palestina y también israelí.
Aportes de la fenomenología interpretativa a las investigaciones de enfermería y al cuidado enfermero asistencial
Authors: González Soto Cinthia Elizabeth , Molina Avilez Diana Laura , Sabogal Camargo Francisco Javier , Baca Guido Damarys Julissa
Published: December 2021

La fenomenología como método de investigación representa una de las herramientas más valiosas para la enfermería pues permite estudiar el principal fenómeno de interés para la disciplina: el cuidado de la experiencia de la salud humana. El presente ensayo tiene por objetivo reflexionar sobre los aportes de la fenomenología interpretativa a las investigaciones de enfermería y al cuidado enfermero asistencial. Se inició con el análisis y la reflexión en base al enfoque de Martin Heidegger respecto al uso de la fenomenología interpretativa como medio de investigación en enfermería. En enfermería, el acto de cuidar implica no solo al paciente sino también a la enfermera como proveedora de cuidado, donde debe reconocer su ser y el del otro para comprender y dar significado a la realidad del paciente, para lograr esta interpretación se precisa del diálogo y la escucha, elementos esenciales en la relación de cuidado enfermera-paciente, estos dos elementos muestran la fuerte relación entre la fenomenología interpretativa y el cuidado de enfermería para construir los significados de los fenómenos del cuidado. Los aportes de la fenomenología interpretativa al cuidado enfermero han sido de gran valor para la mejora del cuidado que se brinda, pues han visibilizado las necesidades más humanas de las personas, aspectos que frecuentemente enfermería ha descuidado.
Lean Manufacturing: Efficiency improvement application in multi-product area of the Aerospace Industry
Authors: Cano-Carrasco Adolfo , Fornés-Rivera René Daniel , Vásquez-Torres María Del Carmen , Guerrero-Portillo Arlene Amalia
Published: December 2021

This research addresses the problem of leveling workloads in a multi-product final assembly area. In which it was found that 27.4% of the time is used for set up and the current distribution presents areas of opportunity. The target was to implement improvement actions to make use of resources more efficient in the production process in the aforementioned area through Lean Manufacturing tools. The results obtained consist of eight products generated with the support of lean manufacturing support tools such as SMED, Workload Balancing and MUDA waste identification, achieving important results among which productivity in the area stands out from 109% to 125%, as well as a reduction in set-up time from 17 min to 4.4 min.
Proposals to improve the coaxial cable assembly process in an aerospace company
Authors: Portugal-Vásquez Javier , Sandoval-Gamez Melissa , Lagarda-Leyva Ernesto Alonso , Naranjo-Flores Arnulfo Aurelio
Published: December 2021

For any company it is of utmost importance to have quality processes and products to deliver to its customers and that they are satisfied with them. In the same way, take care of your economy and the expenses that you have for this. This project revolves around the quality that is presented in the products. In the company under study there was a problem specifically in the area of coaxial cable assembly, in which a considerable number of defects were identified from the electrical and continuity test. To solve the problem, the objective is to develop an improvement proposal that helps to minimize the defects found in the aforementioned area. Regarding the applied method, the modified Six Sigma DMAIC procedure was followed. Statistical tools were used to analyze the results obtained, to have evidence of their behavior for the problem posed and that the best decision could be made to improve the coaxial cable assembly process. Having as a main result a proposal to improve the coaxial cable assembly process which will significantly reduce the defects generated in the electrical and conductivity test.
Penolakan Gugatan Indonesia Oleh WTO Atas Kebijakan Australia Mengenai Kemasan Rokok Polos
Authors: Setiadi Wicipto
Published: December 2021

Pemerintah Australia mengeluarkan kebijakan tentang kemasan rokok polos untuk membatasi penjualan rokok di negaranya. Sejak itulah semua rokok yang diproduksi di Australia harus berkemasan polos, tanpa gambar dan slogan. Kebijakan ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran bagi Indonesia karena akan berdampak pada perdagangan internasional produk tembakau. Sebab kebijakan pemerintah Australia tersebut akan diikuti oleh negara-negara lain. Oleh karena itu, Indonesia mengajukan gugatan kepada World Trade Organization (WTO), namun gugatan Indonesia ditolak oleh WTO. Rumusan masalah yang digunakan sebagai dasar pijakan penelitian adalah  bagaimana penerapan kebijakan kemasan rokok polos Autralia ditinjau dari hukum internasional yang diatur oleh WTO dan apa dasar hukum penolakan gugatan Indonesia oleh WTO terkait dengan kebijakan kemasan rokok polos Australia? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis-normatif yang dilakukan dengan cara mempelajari dan mengkaji bahan-bahan pustaka yang terkait dengan permasalahan. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa penolakan gugatan yang dilakukan oleh WTO tidak sesuai dengan perjanjian internasional yang sudah disepakati. Selain itu, kebijakan kemasan rokok polos merupakan kebijakan yang lebih mengarah pada tindakan untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang sangat parah di Australia.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana Penganiyaan Dalam Persfektif Kuhp Dan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor :2/Pid.Sus.Anak/2019/PN.Dpk)
Authors: Mulyadi
Published: December 2021

Dalam perkembangan ilmu pengetauan dan teknologi sangat perlu Negara me – canangkan anak bangsa segagai generasi muda, Anak anak bangsa sebagai generasi penerus yang nota bene sebagai pionir, anak  yang dilahirkan sebagai anugrah ciptaan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang dititipkan kepada kita semua, anak memiliki hak sejak dilahirkan sehingga tidak ada siapaun yang bisa merampas hak hak tersebut, anak punya  hak yang sama untuk dilindungi dipelihara dan didik sesuai dengan usia dan kedudukannya, anak merupakan potensi sumber daya insani bagi pembangunan Nasional oleh karena pembinaan dan pemgembanganya dimulai sedini mungkin agar dapat berpartisipasi secara optimal bagi pembangunan bangsa dan Negara.  Penelitian ini membahas tentang Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak   Yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana Penganiyayaan (tawuran),  dalam Persfektif KUH Pidana dan UU No. 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak dalam studi kasus putusan Nomor 2/Pid.Sus.Anak/2019/PN.Dpk serta sanksi apa yang diterapkan  kepada pelaku tawuran anak-anak pelajar ini  sedangkan metoda penelitian  yang dilakukan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif. Dalam Undang-undang ini, Anak adalah seorang yang belum berusia 18 (delapan belas) tahun, termasuk anak masih dalam kandungan. Pelajar adalah siswa didik  tingkat menengah dan tingkat atas yang masih aktif menempuh pendidikan. Hukum yang merupakan sebagai panglima  yang dibuat oleh penguasa mempunyai berfungsi untuk menjaga ketertiban masyarakat meliputi seluruh wilayah Nusantara termasuk menjaga ketertiban antar pelajar.  Kasus ini yang  diangkat, adalah terjadinya tawuran anak-anak dilingkungan masyarakat yang tergolong masih pelajar, ini menunjukan masih kurangnya prikemanusiaan    serta menipisnya moralitas Bangsa. Acap kali  terjadinya  kekerasan terhadap fisik yang  di alami dilingkungan pelajar saat ini, ini merupakan suatu fenomena buruk yang sangat memprihatinkan,  Banyaknya perkelahian masal atau tawuran antar pelajar dikota-kota besar di Indonesia khususnya di wilayah Depok dan sekitarnya merupakan hal yang menarik untuk dibahas.
Pemidanaan Sebagai Ultimum Remidium Dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak-Hak Konsumen Pada Suatu Transaksi Elektronik
Authors: Indrawan Ronny
Published: December 2021

This paper discusses the issue concerning the legal protection of consumer rights in transaction activity which at present its development has started to use technology based on computer and telecommunication in cyberspace. This paper argues that in today's era there are often problems related to electronic transactions, especially with regard to consumer rights. Therefore, in providing legal protection against the fulfillment of consumer rights, the study from the perspective of criminal law becomes very important. Furthermore, this paper explains, among other things, the rights of consumers to be protected by criminal law, criminal forms in electronic transactions, the modus operandi of criminals, and applicable criminal sanctions for the perpetrators.
Problematika Pengungkapan Rahasia Bank Antara Kepentingan Negara Dan Perlindungan Kepada Nasabah
Authors: Fahrurrozi Rizky , Murwadji Tarsisius , Rukmini Mien
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis (1) penerapan rahasia bank sebagai bentuk perlindungan hukum kepada nasabah; (2) problematika pengungkapan rahasia bank antara kepentingan negara dan perlindungan kepada nasabah;dan (3) hak tolak bank untuk membuka rahasia bank. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Penerapan rahasia bank sebagai bentuk perlindungan hukum kepada nasabah terdiri dari perlindungan hukum preventif dan represif; (2) Problematika pengungkapan rahasia bank antara kepentingan negara dan perlindungan kepada nasabah harus dilakukan secara seimbang agar tidak timbul opini publik bahwa seolah-olah rahasia bank sudah tidak relevan lagi keberadaannya dan (3) Hak tolak bank untuk membuka rahasia bank menunjukkan bahwa bank berhak menolak untuk membuka rahasia bank berdasarkan hubungan kontraktual antara bank dengan nasabahnya. Menurut Pasal 1338 KUHPerdata perjanjian mengikat bagi para pihak yang membuatnya, tetapi tidak mengikat bagi pihak ketiga dalam hal ini termasuk negara sebagai pihak ketiga.
Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Bank Atas Kelalaian Pegawainya Terhadap Debitur Yang Terkena Bi Checking
Authors: Albabana Namira
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti konsep pertanggungjawaban hukum Bank yang melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum dan untuk menganalisis pertanggungjawaban hukum bank atas kelalaiannya terhadap debitur yang terkena BI checking. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Yuridis Normatif yang didasarkan pada bahan hukum sekunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan: statute approach, conceptual approach, serta case approach. Tehnik penelusuran bahan hukum menggunakan tehnik studi dokumen (library Research), serta analisis kajian menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Dengan adanya kelalaian Bank yang mengakibatkan debitur terkena BI checking, dapat merugikan debitur dan kreditur. Bila melihat adanya hubungan kausal antara perbuatan dengan kerugian apabila dengan menerapkan adequate theorie maka Bank dikatakan melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum yang secara layak dapat diperkirakan akan timbul Dalam Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata, dengan jelas, keharusan adanya hubungan kausal yang timbul karena perbuatan melawan hukum dan dari sekian banyak faktor yang sama-sama menimbulkan akibat, maka hanya dianggap relevan faktor yang memiliki ciri untuk menimbulkan akibat tersebut. Dengan adanya kelalaian dari bank maka menimbulkan kerugian, baik kerugian materiil dan immateriil. Berdasarkan Pasal 1367 KUHPerdata menggunakan teori tanggung jawab pengganti atau vicarious liability. Bank yang merupakan tempat pegawainya bekerja dibebankan tanggung jawab mutlak (strict liability). Dimana berdasarkan Pasal 1367 ayat (1) KUHPerdata menentukan bahwa seseorang tidak hanya bertanggung jawab untuk kerugian yang disebabkan karena perbuatannya sendiri, tetapi juga terhadap perbuatan orang yang menjadi tanggungannya atau barang-barang yang berada dalam pengawasannya. atau yang biasa disebut.
UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Parapat Yon Tado Wali Manda
Published: December 2021

Abstract

The covid-19 Pandemic must be tackled quickly, both government and society. The covid-19 Pandemic changed the lives of all Indonesians. In disaster management, it is the responsibility of the government to provide management to provide protection for the community from the threat of natural disasters and to ensure the implementation of planned, integrated, coordinated and comprehensive disaster management. This study aims to determine the regulation of criminal acts of corruption that were carried out during the Covid-19 Pandemic, the penalties that will be given to perpetrators of corruption during the Covid-19 Pandemic and how to tackle corruption crimes during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The method used in this research is the Normative Juridical Method. Legal efforts in eradicating criminal acts of corruption carried out during the Covid-19 Pandemic carried out two strategies, namely preventive and repensive efforts. The community must fully support all Government policies.

Keywords: Covid-19, Corruption, Prevention

Abstrak

Pandemi covid-19 harus ditanggulangi secara cepat, baik pemerintah ataupun masyarakat. Pandemi covid-19 mengubah kehidupan  seluruh masyarakat Indonesia. Dalam penanganan bencana adalah tanggung jawab dari pemerintah memberikan penanganan terhadap memberi  perlindungan masyarakat dari ancaman bencana alam dan menjamin terselenggarakannya penanggulangan bencana yang terencana, terpadu, terkoordinasi dan menyeluruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaturan tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan pada saat Pandemi Covid-19, hukuman yang akan diberikan pada pelaku pidana korupsi pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 dan upaya penanggulangan tindak pidana korupsi pada masa Pandemi covid-19. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Yuridis Normatif.  Upaya hukum dalam memberantas tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan pada masa Pandemi covid 19 melakukan dua strategi yaitu upaya preventif dan reprensif. Masyarakat harus mendukung penuh seluruh kebijakan Pemerintah.

Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Korupsi, Penanggulangan
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMILIK HAK ATAS SATUAN RUMAH SUSUN TANPA SERTIFIKAT (STUDI KASUS APARTEMEN CASA GRANDE RESIDENCE)
Authors: Zerlina Zana , Taupiqqurrahman Taupiqqurrahman
Published: December 2021

PT. Elite Prima Hutama adalahpengembang Apartemen Casa Grande Residence. Antara PT. Elite Prima Hutama dengan Alia Febyani telah menandatangani Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) Unit Apartemen Casa Grande Residence. Namun sejak  Serah Terima Apartemen hingga saat ini belum dilaksanakan penandatanganan Akta Jual Beli sehingga tidak ada kepastian kapan akan mendapatkan Sertifikat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pelindungan hukum terhadap pemilik hak atas satuan rumah susun tanpa sertifikat serta untuk mengetahui Proses peralihan hak milik atas satuan rumah susun tanpa sertifikat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah penelitian yuridis-normatif dengan menelaah bahan sekunder.Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwasehubungan dengan perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh pengembang atas tidak diterbitkannya Sertifikat, adapun perlindungan hukum terhadap pemilik satuan rumah susun adalah : 1.) KUHPer, 2.) Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2011 tentang Rumah Susun 3.) Undang-Undang No.8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Selanjutnya, Proses peralihan jual beli satuan rumah susun tanpa sertifikat adalah dengan Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) sebagai pengikatan sementara sebelum pembuatan akta jual beli dan menjadi pedoman bagi para pihak untuk melaksanakan hak dankewajiban.
Environmental and Epidemiological Aspects of V. cholerae O1
Contamination of Water Bodies in the Republic of Kalmykia
Authors: Moskvitina EA , Yanovich EG , Kurilenko ML , Kruglikov VD , Noskov AK
Published: December 2021

Background: Within the framework of cholera surveillance in the Russian Federation, annual isolation of nontoxigenic V. cholerae O1 strains from water bodies is registered in the Republic of Kalmykia. This fact is the rationale for the present study and analysis of data on contamination of water bodies with V. cholerae O1 with account for some environmental and quality indicators of water bodies used for recreational purposes.
Objective: To study contamination of water bodies with V. cholerae O1 as a component of cholera control surveillance in the Republic of Kalmykia.
Materials and methods: We used notifications issued by Offices of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, passports for V. cholerae O1 strains, and information from “Cholera vibrios. Russia” database for 1991–2019.
Results: In the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, several outbreaks, sporadic and single imported cases of cholera were registered in the republic. The total of 446 strains of V. cholerae O1 El Tor were isolated during the analyzed period. The PCR analysis identified them as V. cholerae O1 ctxA–tcpA– and V. cholerae O1 ctxA– tcpA+. We observed an increasing trend in the number of isolated strains with the approximation coefficient of 0.374 against its general decrease in the country in 1991–2019. Strains were isolated annually, mainly from the Elista River, Zayachy Pond and other water bodies with poor microbiological and chemical water quality parameters. V. cholerae O1 ctxA– tcpA+ were isolated mainly at the wastewater discharge sites, which indicated their imported origin, along with V. cholerae O1 ctxA– tcpA– with InDel and PCR genotypes not previously found in this region. We consider the contamination of water bodies with V. cholerae O1 ctxA– tcpA– and V. cholerae O1 ctxA– tcpA+ as prerequisites for possible deterioration of the local epidemiological situation due to cholera importation from endemic areas.
Conclusion: When analyzing the pollution of water bodies in the Republic of Kalmykia with V. cholerae O1, we established a long-term annual isolation of cholera vibrios from some water bodies in the city of Elista, including Elistinka river, Zayachy and Kolonsky ponds, notorious for poor microbiological and chemical water quality indicators. The contamination was mainly attributed to domestic wastewater discharge and poorly treated effluents of sewage treatment plants into the Elistinka river within the city boundaries, as well as watercourses from hollows. This proves the imported origin of the bacterium confirmed by isolation of V. cholerae O1 ctxA– tcpA–
with InDel- and PCR-genotypes not previously found in this region.
RESEARCH OF SEED GROUP STRUCTURE CHARACTERISTICS OF VERTICAL DISC METERING DEVICE BASED ON DISCRETE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Chen Yulong , Liu Zeqi , Zhang Meng , Lan Yubin , Yi Lili , Yin Xiang
Published: December 2021

The vertical disc seed metering device was selected to study the influence of the structural characteristics of seed group on the filling performance of seed metering device. The working process of seed metering device was simulated by discrete element software to study the influence of seed quantity and structure characteristics of seed chamber on seed movement and filling results. The seed group was divided into four zones: ascending zone, relative static zone, collapse zone and recirculation zone. The number of seeds and the rotation speed of disk have no effect on the inclination angle of the recirculation zone upper surface, which was always about 35°. But they had a significant effect on the filling performance. When the number of seeds was 500-1500, QFI (quality of feed index) decreased, MIS (miss index) increased and MUL (multiple index) did not change significantly. However, when the number of seeds was 2000, the change trend of filling performance was completely opposite. Inner surface inclination angle and axial width of the seed chamber have significant effects on the filling performance. QFI first increased and then decreased with the increase of inclination angle, reaching the maximum at 20° and MIS showed the opposite trend. QFI increases with the increase of thickness and tends to be stable at 40mm. Similarly, MIS has the opposite trend.
İnşaat Projelerinde Yapı Bilgi Modelleme ile İş Güvenliği Tedbirleri ve Maliyetlerinin Örnek Bir Vaka Üzerinden İncelenmesi
Authors: AKÇAY Cemil , GİRAN Ömer
Published: December 2021

İnşaat sektörü gelişmekte olan ülke ekonomileri için lokomotif bir sektördür. Çok tehlikeli iş kollarından biri olan inşaat işlerinde, iş güvenliği hususu oldukça önemlidir. Şantiyelerde gerçekleşen iş kazalarının sonuçları oldukça ağır olabilmektedir. Ülkemizde gerçekleşen ölümlü iş kazalarının üçte biri inşaat sektöründe meydana gelirken söz konusu ölümlü iş kazalarının büyük çoğunluğu ise yüksekten düşme sonucunda gerçekleşmektedir. Deprem kuşağında yer alan ülkemizde, son yıllarda kentsel dönüşüme verilen önemin artmasıyla birlikte bina yapım işleri de çoğalmıştır. Özellikle, kentlerin yerleşim bölgelerinde yapılan bina yapım işlerinde gerek çalışanların gerek şantiyelerde bulunan diğer paydaşların gerekse inşaat çevresinden geçenlerin güvenliğinin sağlanması önem arz etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda yapılan çalışmada, inşaat işlerinde şantiye sahasında işin yapımı sırasında alınması gerekli iş güvenliği tedbirleri, ele alınan bir vaka özelinde sözleşme öncesi projelendirme aşamasında yapı bilgi modellemesi yazılımlarından biri olan revit ile modellenmiş ve maliyetleri incelenmiştir. Oluşturulan üç boyutlu modele, inşaat sırasında oluşabilecek risklere karşı çalışanları ve şantiye çevresinde bulunanları korumak amacıyla yapıda alınması gerekli iş güvenliği tedbirleri parametrik tasarımla eklenmiştir. Tanımlanan objelerden metraj bilgisi otomatik olarak alınmıştır. Piyasa rayiçlerine göre birim fiyatlar oluşturularak maliyetler hesaplamış ve m² olarak toplam maliyet içerisindeki oranı bulunmuştur. Oluşturulan linke tıklanarak veya Karekod okutularak üç boyutlu modelde gezinme ve alınan tedbirlerin görülmesi sağlanmıştır.
On operational search support of special operations
Authors: Ivanov Svyatoslav
Published: December 2021

The problem of operational-search support of special operations with the help of a complex of operational-search measures and other auxiliary tactical methods of actions that contribute to the effective achievement of goals and the solution of special operations tasks is considered. Based on the definitions of the concepts «special operation», «operational-search operation» and the opinions of researchers, the author proposed a definition of an operational-search support of special operations, tasks and stages of its implementation are formulated. It is noted that the entire range of tasks can be solved only with the widespread use of the undercover method, the use of an operational game, which implies the use of an organizational and tactical form - an operational search operation. If it is necessary to urgently conduct a special operation in conditions of extremely limited operational illumination, only certain measures of operational-search support are possible, which do not include an operational-search operation. Analyzing the experience of the practical activities of the internal affairs bodies of Russia, the author concludes about the consideration of special and operational-search operations in their dialectical interaction, when one type of operation by tactical methods of action can solve problems inherent in it, and at the same time it can ensure the actions of another type of operation. When analyzing the operational-search support, the author determines its most effective organizational and tactical form – the operational-search operation.
Organizational foundations for operational and search prevention of crimes committed in the sphere of illegal drug trafficking and psychotropic substances
Authors: Sidorenko Aleksandr , Maslennikov Konstantin
Published: December 2021

High level of drug criminality has a negative impact on economic and social stability, harms the national security of the state. Only operational and investigative activities, which have a complex structure of interconnected organizational and tactical elements, ensure in the face of the opposition from the criminal environment timely detection, prevention, suppression and disclosure of latent and camouflaged crimes committed in the sphere of illegal drug trafficking and psychotropic substances. The issues of organizing the activities of officers of operational units for the prevention and suppression of these crimes are the least regulated in departmental regulations. With the adoption of Federal Law, No. 182-FZ dated 23.06.2016 «About the basis of the crime prevention system in the Russian Federation» it is required to specify the tasks of operational search prevention and suppression of crimes under consideration. Taking into account the special nature of operational search information about persons involved in the illicit trafficking of narcotic substances, methods for identifying this information, in order to solve specified tasks, it is necessary to form an appropriate management system for the activities of officers of the operational units. Structurally, the management system provides for a set of mandatory elements and functional relationships that ensure a sufficient level of a separate unit efficiency. Priority tasks for the prevention of crimes committed in the field of illegal trafficking of drugs and psychotropic substances are highlighted in the article on the basis of the theoretical and legal analysis of the modern organization of the operational units’ activities of territorial bodies.