bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advertising insert as a special genre of advertising text
Authors: Prokhorova Svetlana N.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the translation of feminine film titles on the example of English filmonyms of the last decade. The article is aimed at the study of the filmonyms’ translation in the Russian film discourse, which leaves its specific imprint on the translator’s decisions. The paper treats the translation of feminine-marked filmonyms as a topical problem of the linguistics of gender and the theory of translation - the study of the means of translation of feature film titles from English to Russian from the point if view of gender-marked translators’ slant. The application of the method of typological synchronous comparison allows to compare translation from the point of view of the feminine-masculine balance and the presence of feminine markers. The comparison is based on the thesis of adaptation and deformation of the source English film title. If the adaptation focuses on the convergence of the translation to the source culture and its specifics and is oriented on the mutrual cultural dialogue, then the deformation, on the contrary, prioritises the peculiarities of the accepting culture. The author of the article proves the thesis that in many cases the translation is not tolerant, the point of view of the translator affects the translation and therefore women are presented as nervous, obese, mentally different and emotionally unstable.
Salivary Tumour Necrosis Factor - Î± Key Inflammatory Mediators in Periodontal Disease
Authors: Malathi K. , Ramkumar G. D. , Gnanasambandam Sandhya
Published: December 2020

Oral health is indispensable to overall health and oral diseases especially periodontitis is well known for its high prevalence and rapid morbidity. Function of the host immune response is the most crucial feature in periodontitis. And this is the reason for both disease progression and severity. Search for a biomarker for periodontitis has turned on researches working out in finding many newer molecules (cytokines), that can help the clinician in deciding regarding the patient's status. This review shortly covers the multiple facets of crosstalk engaged by salivary Tumour Necrosis Factor-Î± key inflammatory mediators in periodontal disease.
Szent György és Szent Demeter kultuszának hatása a magyar személynévadásra
Authors: Slíz Mariann
Published: December 2020

Az esettanulmány azt kívánja bemutatni, hogy a magyar történeti antroponímia elmúlt évtizedekben felépített adatbázisait és névstatisztikáit hogyan lehet hasznosítani a szentkultuszok vizsgálatában. A dolgozat a keresztnevekre koncentrál, hiszen a szentkultuszok személynévadásra gyakorolt ​​hatása leginkább a névállomány történeti változásainak, földrajzi és társadalmi sokszínűségének tanulmányozásával mutatható ki. A két kultusz összehasonlítását több ok is indokolja. Egyrészt módszertani szempontból precízebbé teszi a hatás mértékének értékelését. Másodszor, a két szentet a kultusztörténet több vonatkozása is összekapcsolja: mindketten keleti katonaszentek, gyakran együtt ábrázolják őket. Magyar kultuszaik azonban másként alakultak: míg Magyarországon (és Európa-szerte is) Szent György lett a katona- és lovagszentek prototípusa, addig Szent Demetriusz tisztelete a kora újkor óta korlátozott maradt, és az ország ortodox területeire korlátozódott. Ez a különbség a két név magyarországi népszerűségében is megmutatkozik. A György név kezdettől fogva sokkal gyakrabban szerepel, mint a Demeter „Demetrius”, és manapság a teljes lakosság 100 leggyakoribb keresztneve között szerepel, bár népszerűsége egyre csökken. Ezzel szemben a Demeter kifejezetten ritka névnek tekinthető. A 18. század eleji földrajzi elterjedésük is ugyanazt a képet mutatja: míg a György név a második leggyakoribb név volt a teljes népességben, addig a Demeter név a zömmel ortodox románok és ruszinok által lakott vidékeken volt használatos.
Kézai Simon (Simon de Keza) nevének eredetéhez
Authors: Németh Dániel
Published: December 2020

Jelen írásomban az a célom, hogy a középkori Magyarországról ismert három helynév – Keza – történeti alakjai között párhuzamot bemutassam, hogy megtaláljam etimológiai eredetüket. Korábban e három hely mindegyikét a krónikás, Kézai Simon szülőhelyeként emlegették. Ezt a helynevet egykori személynévnek tekintették, amely a birtoklás miatt vált helynévvé. Megállapítottam, hogy az etimon egy ma már nyelvjárási eredetű kësza ’bőrtáska, pénzeszsák’ lehet, amely török vagy perzsa eredetű szó. Nincs nyoma olyan személynek, aki esetleg az érintett birtokos lehetett volna. A Fejér megyei Ginza helynevet a korábban Keza nevű települések egyikének sugallják. A változást német telepesek miatt magyarázták, de Csánki magyarázata téves, függetlenül attól, hogy a változást valóban nyelvi érintkezés okozta-e vagy sem. A vizsgált időszakban azonban nem találtam pontos nyomokat a migrációra vonatkozóan. A történeti formák viszont magyarból magyarázhatók. A Kanizsa helynév népetimológiai hatása is változhatott.
Exchanging image processing and OCR components in a Setswana digitisation pipeline
Authors: Kotzé Gideon Jozua , Wolff Friedel
Published: December 2020

As more natural language processing (NLP) applications benefit from neural network based approaches, it makes sense to re-evaluate existing work in NLP. A complete pipeline for digitisation includes several components handling the material in sequence. Image processing after scanning the document has been shown to be an important factor in final quality. Here we compare two different approaches for visually enhancing documents before Optical Character Recognition (OCR), (1) a combination of ImageMagick and Unpaper and (2) OCRopus. We also compare Calamari, a new line-based OCR package using neural networks, with the well-known Tesseract 3 as the OCR component. Our evaluation on a set of Setswana documents reveals that the combination of ImageMagick/Unpaper and Calamari improves on a current baseline based on Tesseract 3 and ImageMagick/Unpaper with over 30%, achieving a mean character error rate of 1.69 across all combined test data.
Using Summary Layers to Probe Neural Network Behaviour
Authors: Davel Marelie Hattingh
Published: December 2020

No framework exists that can explain and predict the generalisation ability of deep neural networks in general circumstances. In fact, this question has not been answered for some of the least complicated of neural network architectures: fully-connected feedforward networks with rectified linear activations and a limited number of hidden layers. For such an architecture, we show how adding a summary layer to the network makes it more amenable to analysis, and allows us to define the conditions that are required to guarantee that a set of samples will all be classified correctly. This process does not describe the generalisation behaviour of these networks, but produces a number of metrics that are useful for probing their learning and generalisation behaviour. We support the analytical conclusions with empirical results, both to confirm that the mathematical guarantees hold in practice, and to demonstrate the use of the analysis process.
Invited Lecture: Notions of 'Theory' and their Practical Consequences in the Discipline of Software 'Engineering' (including Information Systems Design)
Authors: Gruner Stefan
Published: December 2020

This contribution provides the full text to the invited lecture which I gave at the Annual Seminar of the Southern African Chapter of the Association for Information Systems (AISSAC), September the 14th, 2020. In this contribution, which thoroughly elaborates some of my earlier thoughts on this topic, I argue science-philosophically that the quest for a so-called 'general theory of software engineering' (GTSE) is, all-in-all, not feasible. More positively I also argue that software 'engineering' (which includes information systems design) might well become a 'proper' engineering discipline via the development and appropriate application of a multitude of domain-specific micro theories, by which successful engineering disciplines are typically characterized. Since different meta-theoretical opinions can be found even about what is a 'micro theory', I also explicate which definition of the notion of 'micro theory' is most appropriate in (and for) this particular domain of discourse.
Alternative payment approaches for advancing comprehensive medication management in primary care
Authors: Pham Katherine
Published: December 2020

The increasing prevalence of complex, chronic conditions has profound implications on the growing demand and cost of health care. The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation is testing data-driven approaches to care delivery and payment that are drawn from innovative practices of health care providers and other partners in the health care community. The shift from fee-for-service to value-based care and performance-based payment places increased priority on improved outcomes at lower costs. To advance comprehensive medication management, pharmacists need to understand the opportunities in the evolving value-based payment models and align medication optimization with the specific goals and incentives of these models.
Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Pleurotus species Cultivated on Different Agricultural Wastes in Chiro, Ethiopia
Authors: Gashaw Getachew , Getu Abebe
Published: December 2020

Background: Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus florida were found to be an edible mushroom which have gained worldwide recognition and increasing popularity owing to their nutritional and medicinal values that can be cultivated on different agricultural wastes like Coffee straw, Pea straw, Sorghum Grain Residue, banana leaves, caw dung and Wheat Grain. The current study was aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of Pleurotus species grown on different agricultural wastes and its nutritional purposeMethods: Antifungal activity was carried out against three human pathogenic microorganism Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum gypseum by using disc diffusion method. Result: Methanolic extract of Pleurotus florida gave strong antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum (12.8mm) and Epidermophyton floccosum (11.9mm) when compared to Pleurotus ostreatus. The results suggested that Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus florida cultivated on coffee straw and sorghum grain substrate were found with highest antifungal activity in comparison to other substrates. The results supported the methanolic extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus florida might indeed be potential sources of antifungal agents.
Ultrasonographic findings in pelvic endometriosis: literature review and pictorial essay
Authors: Costa Vitória Liz Taumaturgo da , Moreira Maria Beatriz Taumaturgo , Farias Luís Arthur Brasil Gadelha , Costa Jesus Irajacy Fernandes da
Published: December 2020

The diagnosis of endometriosis can be made with some security when they exhibit typical aspects, using the various imaging methods. Ultrasonography is usually a cheap and accessible method that has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of endometriotic lesions. This article aims to describe the main findings in ultrasound of pelvic endometriosis with a focus on extra‑uterine involvement.
Análise das prescrições e notificações de psicotrópicos dispensadas em uma farmácia da cidade de Sobral, Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Ponte Nícolas Matheus , Sousa Gabriela Vieira de , Silva Fábio Ulisses da , Costa George Muniz Portela da , Oliveira Maria Auxiliadora Silva , Val Danielle Rocha do
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Traçar o perfil das prescrições de psicotrópicos em uma farmácia comunitária do município de Sobral, Ceará. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter quantitativo, onde foram coletadas 849 prescrições de psicotrópicos, referentes aos meses de fevereiro e março de 2016, observando os seguintes aspectos: sexo dos consumidores, tipos de psicotrópicos mais comercializados, classe terapêutica que teve maior dispensação, tipologia mais prescrita, classe médica que mais prescreveu e os possíveis erros na prescrição. Resultados: As mulheres representaram 62,6% dos usuários; a especialidade médica que mais prescreveu foi a Clínica Geral (35,9%), seguida pela Psiquiatria (28,1%); os medicamentos mais comercializados foram os antidepressivos (34,5%), seguidos pelos ansiolíticos (20,8%), antiepilépticos (16,5%) e antipsicóticos (12,7%). A principal irregularidade observada foi o nome do medicamento em desacordo com a Denominação Comum Brasileira (DCB) em 73,38% das prescrições. Conclusão: Os resultados indicam a necessidade de uma maior conscientização dos profissionais prescritores, de forma a tornar a prescrição mais correta possível, possibilitando ao usuário um atendimento pleno e eficaz.
Carcinoma papilífero da tireoide, uma abordagem diagnóstica não usual: relato de caso
Authors: Granzotto Lara Fenley , Rodrigues Thainá Louise , Losso Andressa Cristina , Hanada Talie Zanchetta Buani , Martins Ulisses Kiskissian , Paliato Marília , Maccagnan Paulo Henrique Galeti
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: relato de Carcinoma Papilífero da Tireoide com suspeita diagnóstica a partir de uma abordagem não usual com dosagem de Tireoglobulina em material obtido por punção de linfonodo cervical. Métodos: dados obtidos por meio da revisão de prontuário. Resultados: mulher de 32 anos foi submetida à ultrassonografia cervical (USC) que revelou nódulo de 15 mm no terço inferior do lobo tireoidiano direito. Apresentava também elevação dos níveis séricos de TSH e dos anticorpos anti-tireoglobulina. Iniciada reposição com levotiroxina e realizada biópsia do nódulo, que se mostrou negativa para células neoplásicas (classe II – Bethesda). Após um ano, nova USC revelou nódulo tireoidiano com dimensões e características semelhantes e um linfonodo com componente hipercogênico no nível IV à direita. Punção do linfonodo resultou em citologia oncótica negativa. Solicitada a dosagem de Tireoglobulina em lavado de material da punção desse linfonodo, evidenciando níveis elevados. Com a suspeita de carcinoma diferenciado da tireoide foi realizada tireoidectomia. A análise anatomopatológica confirmou o diagnóstico de Carcinoma Papilífero da Tireoide de variante clássica e linfonodos peritireoidianos com metástase. Conclusão: a dosagem de Tireoglobulina em material de punção de linfonodo cervical suspeito, a despeito da ausência de células neoplásicas, foi determinante para o diagnóstico oncológico.
Comprometimento de mãos e punhos no diabetes tipo 2 – relato de caso
Authors: Silva Rafael Esdras Brito Garganta da , Ribeiro Sandra Lúcia Euzébio , Souza Bruno Meireles de Brito , Souza Carla Caroline Oliveira de , Faria Rebeca Patrícia Quereza e Silva , Faria Raquel Patrícia Quereza e Silva
Published: December 2020

O diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) é uma doença crônica de alta prevalência no mundo, a qual é causadora de importante morbimortalidade devido às suas complicações sistêmicas. Dentre elas, inclui-se as manifestações musculoesqueléticas caracterizadas pelo comprometimento ósseo e de tecido mole periarticular. Relata-se o caso de paciente do sexo feminino de 48 anos com DM2 e hipertensa há 12 anos, a mesma foi encaminhada por meio de um projeto de pesquisa ao serviço de reumatologia. No atendimento médico, relata um quadro de dor crônica com início em 2015, principalmente da mão esquerda com parestesia em punho. Além disso, relata que o dedo anelar da mesma mão se torna rígido necessitando deslocá-lo para voltar a sua posição normal. Pelos achados de exame físico e de imagem constatou-se um diagnóstico de tendinite de Quervain, dedo em gatilho e síndrome do túnel do carpo. Espera-se com esse relato conscientizar outros profissionais da real importância do tema. Torna-se imprescindível a exploração de queixas musculoesqueléticas objetivando um diagnóstico precoce, evitando um comprometimento na qualidade de vida de pacientes semelhantes a esse.
Adaptive capacity of winegrape varieties cultivated in Greece to climate change: current trends and future projections
Authors: Mavromatis Theodoros , Koufos Georgios C. , Koundouras Stefanos , Jones Gregory V.
Published: December 2020

Aim: This research aimed to: (1) investigate the relationships between harvest dates and berry composition with air temperature during important periods during the growing season, across a range of indigenous and international winegrape varieties grown in wine regions over the majority of Greece; (2) calculate growing degree-days (GDD) from 1st of April until the harvest date of each variety and group the winegrape varieties according to their heat requirements; and (3) predict future harvest dates based upon these heat requirements under different representative emission pathways (i.e., RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) and future time periods (2041-2065 and 2071-2095) using an ensemble projection dataset.Methods and results: The analysis of heat requirements based on GDD from 1st of April to harvest date identified consistent maturity groups of the varieties studied, especially for indigenous Greek varieties. Trend analysis using the basic linear regression model showed that harvest dates have shifted earlier, during the last few decades, due to warmer conditions (especially during the ripening period) in most cases. In addition, trends in potential alcohol (acid) levels were found to be positively (negatively) correlated with maximum air temperatures in the majority of cases. Analysis of future projections using a global multi-climate model ensemble dataset (10 regional climate models) showed that harvest dates are projected to shift earlier up to 40 days in two future time periods (i.e., 2041-2065 and 2071-2095) depending on the variety and the emission pathway.Conclusions: Harvest dates of the early ripening varieties were associated more with the variations in maximum air temperatures during March to July, while mid- and late ripening varieties appeared to be affected more by maximum air temperatures during the ripening period. In addition, late ripening, mostly indigenous, varieties were less impacted by temperature increases compared to international varieties.Significance of the study: The indigenous Greek varieties appear better adapted to the recent and projected future climate of the region, responding less to warming as compared to international varieties in the majority of the study cases.
O gerencialismo na gestão pública brasileira via parcerias público-privadas
Authors: Alves Antonio Sousa , Oliveira Gomes Albiane
Published: December 2020

Este artigo discute e analisa as estratégias atuais de institucionalização da lógica gerencial na gestão pública por meio das parcerias público-privadas. Partimos das reconfigurações do Estado capitalista e das múltiplas determinações desse processo para a relação entre o público e o privado na educação, em especial a partir das determinações da Reforma do Aparelho do Estado na década de 1990. Neste sentido, serão abordadas as particularidades da Reforma do Estado no Brasil, assim como as inter-relações dos mecanismos do Terceiro Setor no interior das instituições públicas a partir das parcerias público-privadas. A análise bibliográfica e documental permitiu identificar que os princípios gerenciais típicos do mundo dos negócios adentraram as políticas sociais, entre elas as de educação.
Palavras-chave: Reforma do Estado, Parcerias público-privadas, Terceiro Setor, Gestão Gerencial.
 
Managerialism in Brazilian public management via public-private partnerships                          
ABSTRACT. This article discusses and analyzes the current strategies to institutionalize the management logic in public management through public-private partnerships. We start from the reconfigurations of the capitalist State and the multiple determinations of this process for the relationship between the public and the private in education, especially from the determinations of the State System Reform in the 1990s. In this sense, the particularities of State Reform in Brazil will be addressed, as well as the interrelationships of Third Sector mechanisms within public institutions through public-private partnerships. The bibliographic and documentary analysis allowed for the identification that the typical managerial principles of the business world have entered social policies, among them those of education.
Keywords: State Reform, Public-Private Partnerships, Third Sector, Managerial Management.
 
El gerencialismo en la gestión pública brasileña a través de asociaciones público-privadas
RESUMEN. Este artículo discute y analiza las estrategias actuales para institucionalizar la lógica de gestión en la gestión pública a través de alianzas público-privadas. Partimos de las reconfiguraciones del Estado capitalista y de las múltiples determinaciones de este proceso para la relación entre lo público y lo privado en la educación, especialmente a partir de las determinaciones de la Reforma del Aparato del Estado en la década de 1990. En este sentido, se abordarán las particularidades de la Reforma. el Estado en Brasil, así como las interrelaciones de los mecanismos del Tercer Sector dentro de las instituciones públicas basadas en alianzas público-privadas. El análisis bibliográfico y documental permitió identificar que los principios de gestión propios del mundo empresarial entraban en las políticas sociales, entre ellas las de educación.
Palabras clave: Reforma del Estado, Alianzas Público-Privadas, Tercer Sector, Gestión Gerencial.
Paradigmas do ensino de literatura
Authors: Vinicius Costa Corrêa Rafael
Published: December 2020

Resenha do livro:

COSSON, Rildo. Paradigmas do ensino de literatura. São Paulo: Contexto, 2020. 224 p.
Prevalence of COVID -19 Pandemic: A Paradigm Shift to Hydrogen Economy
Authors: Muhibbudin Ismail
Published: December 2020

Covid-19 pandemic lockdown has slow down the world economic system. The pandemic has cleared the roads, close factories and grounded planes causing severe economic challenges. The damaging impact of the pandemic amid lockdown has been a blessing in guise for the environment because of significant drop in pollution level as transport and industrial sectors shutdown. Transport and industrial sectors are major contributors to environmental degradation through various emissions as a result of fossil fuel consumption. Energy consumed by transport and industrial sectors will have to shift to viable, readily available, economically and environmentally friendly with no carbon build up post Covid-19 pandemic. Hydrogen energy remains the best alternative option technologies containing green house gas emission and pollutions of several forms. Hydrogen holds the potential to provide a clean, reliable, renewable and economical source of energy for meeting the growing and unending global energy needs post pandemic. The present paper explores the economic feasibility and potential of hydrogen to serve as a competitive fuel option post pandemic. In this paper, the role of hydrogen as an energy carrier hydrogen economy structure, potential of hydrogen economy, hydrogen production methods, hydrogen application and the economic and environmental importance of hydrogen as a viable fuel option post covid-19 pandemic were discussed. There will be a surge in demand and investment for hydrogen economy post Covid-19.
ANALISIS PERKIRAAN HARGA LAHAN MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DI KECAMATAN RUMPIN KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Yuliawati Vini , Setiawan Iwan , Somantri Lili
Published: December 2020

Pemetaan perkiraan harga lahan di Kecamatan Rumpin Kabupaten Bogor sangat diperlukan, mengingat kenaikan harga lahan sangat pesat seiring dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Pemetaan perkiraan harga lahan dipengaruhi oleh faktor tertentu yaitu data penggunaan lahan (sawah, pemukiman), aksesibilitas lahan positif (jalan, pendidikan, pemerintahan), dan aksesibilitas lahan negatif (sungai, industri, kuburan). Oleh karena itu perlunya meneliti harga lahan untuk memudahkan memberikan informasi penting dalam pengambilan keputusan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis parameter peta perkiraan harga lahan di Kecamatan Rumpin Kabupaten Bogor dan menganalisis peta perkiraan harga lahan di Kecamatan Rumpin Kabupaten Bogor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah skor dan pembobotan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian berlangsung dalam beberapa tahap, yaitu tahap persiapan, tahap pemrosesan data dan tahap analisis data. Hasil pemetaan estimasi harga lahan dibagi menjadi 5 kelas harga lahan. Nilai lahan sangat tinggi memiliki luas 9,74 km2, nilai lahan tinggi 5,36 km2, nilai lahan sedang 20,94 km2, nilai lahan rendah 65,08 km2, dan nilai lahan sangat rendah 37,82 km2.
IDENTIFIKASI AIR TANAH KAWASAN CAGAR PURBAKALA LEANG-LEANG KABUPATEN MAROS DENGAN METODE GEOLISTRIK KONFIGURASI WENNER-SCHLUMBERGER
Authors: Okviyani Nur , Sebrahim Andi , Ma'rief A Al'Faizah , Mahyuni Enni Tri
Published: December 2020

Kawasan Cagar Purbakala Leang – Leang merupakan kawasan wisata di Kabupaten Maros. Peningkatan pengunjung baik dari kalangan peneliti maupun masyarakat harus didukung dengan fasilitas termasuk ketersediaan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikan keberadaan air tanah di Kawasan Cagar Purbakala Leang – Leang berdasarkan pengukuran nilai resistivitas bawah permukaan menggunakan metode geolistrik konfigurasi Wenner-Schlumberger sebanyak 2 lintasan lalu menghitung dan memodelkan data tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lintasan 1 diidentifikasikan tidak memiliki potensi air tanah dengan nilai resistivitas >200 Ωm sedangkan lintasan 2 diidentifikasi memiliki potensi air tanah dangkal kedalaman 20 m, dan potensi air tanah dalam pada kedalaman 50 m dengan rentang nilai resistivitas 100 – 200 Ωm.
Evaluation of Event Time of Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Application of Surrogate Endpoints Method
Authors: Abolghasemi Jamileh , Rad Mina Motamedi , Soheilipour Fahimeh , Baradaran Hamid Reza , Rimaz Shahnaz , Marvasti Sadegh Kargarian
Published: December 2020

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes, the effective control of which requires accurate diagnosis of neuropathy on a regular basis. The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the event time of neuropathy using the Clayton copula model in type 2 diabetic patients in the presence of a surrogate response variable. Methods: The data of all the people whose diabetes test results were negative in the 2006 screening by the health centers in Fereydun Shahr, Isfahan, but their diabetes re-tests were positive in 2007, and were at least 30 years of age were collected, and their neuropathy status was followed up for at least 10 years. To investigate the factors affecting the event time of neuropathy in the patients, the Clayton copula model as well as the true variable, ten-point monofilament test and surrogate variable, and Michigan questionnaire including interviews and examinations by a trained physician were used. All the statistical analyzes were performed using the R software (version 3.6.2) and tests were done with an error of 0.05. Results: Of the total of 371 diabetic patients studied, 114 (30.7%) were male and their mean age was 63.93 (±0.568) years. According to the Clayton copula model, the individuals with a family history of diabetes and Hemoglobin A1c of >=8.1, BMI of >=35, HDL of <54, and under treatment with oral and insulin injections would develop neuropathy more quickly. Conclusion: In this study, using the survival ROC curve, was shown that the Copula model was more efficient than the surrogate model, so it is suggested that the Copula model be used to predict the occurrence of neuropathy for patients who do not have access to the monofilament test. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes, Neuropathy, Michigan Questionnaire, Monofilament Test
Parietal Foramen as A Landmark to Locate Intracranial Vascular and Parenchymal Structures
Authors: Brainer-Lima Pedro , Brainer-Lima Alessandra , Ferreira Maria Rosana , Brainer-Lima Paulo , Valença Marcelo
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to define the location of the parietal foramina (PF) with reference to skull landmarks and correlate the PF with cerebral and vascular structures to optimize neurosurgical procedures in the intracranial compartment. Two hundred and thirty-eight parietal bones studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 119 patients were reviewed. The cephalometric points, inion, bregma, sagittal suture and lambda were used as anatomical references to locate the PF and define its anatomical relationships to parenchymal cerebral structures, especially some eloquent areas. The PF was identified in the MRI in 83 of the 119 individuals (69.7%) and was located at an average distance of 9.5 ± 0.8 cm (mean ± SD) posteriorly and 0.9 ± 0.3cm laterally to the Bregma. In over 90% of cases, the PF was located within a 2 cm radius of the bregma-PF distance’s mean value. Surgeons operating in the parietal region should be aware of the frequency of PF (69.7%), its location (superolateral to lambda) and its stable relationship with underlying anatomical structures. 88% of the 62 left PF’s were situated within 1cm, laterally to the left margin of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS). 60% of the right PF were situated within 1.3 cm laterally from the right margin of the SSS, while 40% were directly above the SSS. We propose that the PF should be used as the reference for the superior sagittal sinus during its course through the parietal lobe, as its constancy overtakes other commonly used landmarks (sagittal suture and midline). In conclusion, clinicians should be aware of the PF to both avoid iatrogenic injury to an emissary vein that courses through it that can lead to air embolism and as a guide to maneuvering through the parietal region.
The Evaluation of Maritime Search and Rescue Ability by Using Virtual Probability Circle Based on GIS
Authors: Wang Ruirui , Shi Wei , Chen Xingwang
Published: December 2020

Geographic information system (GIS) is widely used to solve the problems about spatial decision making and strategy planning. However, the potential application in maritime search and rescue (SAR) strategic planning still needs to be opened up. With the theory of accessibility, a new evaluating model of maritime SAR ability was proposed to assess the efficacy of the SAR unit serving a certain sea area by using a key indicator named virtual probability circle (VPC) which stand for the extent of how difficult or how long the SAR vessels reaching the accidental site. In this article, an application to the South China Sea area is shown. Comparing with the SAR abilities before and after new bases settled, the results indicate that the model provides good opportunities for improving maritime management.
Bionomics of Peckia (Euboettcheria) Anguilla and Peckia (Euboettcheria) Collusor (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) in The Laboratory.
Authors: Nascimento Raquel , da-Silva-Xavier Alexandre , Pereira Lorrane , Sánchez Carlos , Queiroz Margareth
Published: December 2020

Flesh-flies are important mechanical vectors that cause myiasis in man and animals and they also play an important role in forensic entomology. Postmortem interval can be estimated using data available in the literature on the biology of the species. This study aims to elucidate the bionomics of these two species in order to provide preliminary data for medical, veterinary and forensic entomology analyses. We analyzed the larval stage durations (L1–L3), weight of the mature larvae (L3), L1-pupae stage duration, L3-pupae stage duration, pupal stage duration, L1–adult duration, adult emergence, atrophies and the viability of larvae and adults. The mean duration of the L1–adult of Peckia anguilla was 22.6 days and 21.8 days, in the first and second experiments. Mean lifespan for females and males was 75 and 69.6 days, respectively. The mean duration of the L1–adult of Peckia collusor was 25.9 days and 23.8 days, in the first and second experiments. Mean lifespan for females and males was 77.5 and 73.5 days, respectively. Although the two species presented similar results in relation to their post-embryonic development, P. collusor showed an adult lifespan longer, laying 1983 larvae throughout the experiment, while P. anguilla depositing 2298 larvae.
Integrative Analysis of Lipidomics and Transcriptomics Revealed Dynamic Details of Lipids Metabolism and Accumulation in Developing Tiger Nut (Cyperus Esculentus) Tubers
Authors: Wang Liyan , Jing Meiling , Wang Yifei , Wang Yijin , Li Jia , Zhou Yonggang , Wang Fawei , Li Xiaowei , Liu Weican , Wang Nan , Dong Yuanyuan , Li Haiyan
Published: December 2020

Background: Oil crop varieties are currently subjected to an increasing worldwile demand and the tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) attracts significant attention because of its huge capacity of lipids production. In eukaryotic cells, the balance between the accumulation of lipids and the distribution of certain pivotal molecules is fundamental for the regulation of many complex transcriptional regulatory networks. However, many studies have struggled to understand the dynamic of lipids and the transcriptomic mechanisms governing their biosynthesis and accumulation process during plant development. Results: Our results displayed dynamic patterns for key lipids like glycolipid, phospholipid, and glyceride during the development of tiger nut tubers. Lipidomic analysis showed molecular species distribution of lipid class during developing stages. Here, we also characterrized transcription profiles of key transcripts that determined biosynthesis and distribution of natural lipids in tiger nuts tuber. The expression of FAD2 exhibited a significant influence on the molecular composition of phosphatidylcholines (PC) and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) in tiger nuts. Moreover, during lipids accumulation, the expression pattern of three candidate transcripts of oleosin genes (OLE9, OLE10 and OLE11) also displayed significant leverage on the size of lipid drops. Conclusion: We described the significant alterations in the composition of lipids class during developing stages of tiger nut tuber, we also revealed transcriptional profiles of genes invloed in lipid biosynthesis and accumulation. These results provided new landscapes for research on lipid composition, synthesis and accumulation during different developmental stages of plant tubers.
High Concentration of Inflammatory Cytokines in the Tears of Patients with Concomitant Strabismus
Authors: Hong Xiaoping , Ding Fadian , Huang Shirong , Lian Wei , Zheng Weidong
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Our study aimed to determine whether the expression concentration of inflammatory cytokines in ocular surface tears was increased in patients with concomitant strabismus.METHODS: In this study, the concentration of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-12p70 (IL-12P70), interferon gamma (INF-γ), and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) were detected in tears in patients with concomitant strabismus and healthy controls matched by age and gender.RESULTS: Our results showed that the concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the normal group. The concentration of IL-17A, IL-10, IL-12p70, and INF-γ in patients with concomitant strabismus were higher than those in the control group, but not reached the statistically significant.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that most of concomitant strabismus patients have higher concentration of inflammatory cytokines in tears.
Prognostic Significance of The Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients With Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated With Intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin and The Relationship With The CUETO Scoring Model
Authors: Kim Jin Woo , Chung Jae-Wook , Lee Eun Hye , Chun So Young , Park Dong Jin , Byeon Kyeong Hyeon , Choi Seock Hwan , Lee Jun Nyung , Kim Bum Soo , Kim Hyun Tae , Yoo Eun Sang , Kwon Tae Gyun , Ha Yun-Sok , Kim Tae-Hwan
Published: December 2020

Background: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a marker of the systemic inflammatory response, which is associated with tumor recurrence and progression. In this study, we evaluated the predictability of a modified Club Urológico Español de Tratamiento Oncológico (CUETO) scoring model and preoperative NLR in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods: From August 2005 to May 2016, a total of 281 patients received intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin therapy after transurethral resection of a bladder tumor. The pathologic stage of all patients was Ta or T1. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier curves were used to evaluate the prognosis predictability of the CUETO risk model and NLR. Of 281 patients, 84 (29.9%) experienced recurrence and 14 (5.0%) developed progression. The mean follow-up period was 46 months. The cut-off value for NLRs was 2.29. Results: Of the study patients, 108 (38.4%) displayed a high NLR (> 2.29). In Kaplan–Meier curve analysis, a high NLR was associated with lower recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P < 0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.002). CUETO scores were associated with RFS (P < 0.001), but not with PFS (P = 0.423). A combination of NLRs and the CUETO risk model correlated with RFS (P < 0.001) and PFS (P = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, female gender, concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS), tumor number >3, recurrent tumors, and a high NLR were independent factors predicting recurrence (all P < 0.05). Concomitant CIS, recurrent tumors, and a high NLR were independent factors for predicting progression (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: In patients with NMIBC, an NLR >2.29 was identified as a significant factor for predicting tumor recurrence and progression. Inclusion of preoperative NLR enhanced the accuracy of the CUETO model to predict disease progression. We therefore recommend that patients with a high NLR receive more aggressive management.
Identification of a Novel Immune Landscape Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Response of Endometrial Carcinoma to Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy
Authors: Liu Jinhui , Wang Yichun , Mei Jie , Nie Sipei , Zhang Yan
Published: December 2020

Background: Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) is the most common gynecological cancer. Here, we have investigated the significance of immune-related genes in predicting the prognosis and response of UCEC patients to immunotherapy and chemotherapy.Methods: Based on TCGA database, the single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA scores) was utilized to obtain enrichment of 29 immune signatures. Univariate, multivariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analyses were performed to generate an immune-related prognostic signature (IRPS). The biological functions of IRPS-associated genes were evaluated using GSEA, TIMER Database analysis, Mutation analysis, IPS analysis, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) and Immune Cell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI). Potential small molecule drugs for UCEC were predicted using the connectivity map (Cmap). The mRNA and protein expression levels of IRPS-associated genes were tested via quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and immunohistology.Results: Two immune-related genes (CCL13 and KLRC1) were identified to construct the IRPS. Both genes were related to the prognosis of UCEC patients (P<0.05). The IRPS could distinguish patients with different prognosis and was closely associated with the infiltration of several types of immune cells. Our findings showed that patients with low IRPS benefited more from immunotherapy and developed stronger response to several chemotherapies, which was also confirmed by the results of ImmuCellAI. Finally, we identified three small molecular drugs that might improve the prognosis of patients with high IRPS. Conclusion: IRPS can be utilized to predict the prognosis of UCEC patients and provide valuable information about their therapeutic response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
The Effects of Acid Etching on the Morphology and Properties of Medical Grade Alumina and Zirconia Surfaces for Prosthetics
Authors: Nakonieczny Damian S , Paszenda Zbigniew Kazimierz , Hundáková Marianna Hundáková , Kratošová Gabriela , Holešová Sylva , Majewska Justyna , Kałużyński Piotr , Martynková Gražyna Simha
Published: December 2020

In this study we modify and functionalize the surface of alumina and zirconia ceramics for medical applications using chemical etching with mixtures of sulfuric, nitric, hydrofluoric acids and peroxide. After etching, the impact of processes on surface development, chemical composition, and topography is studied to select the most effective process of surface development. Medical grade alumina and zirconia ceramic powders have been chemically etched with selected three kinds of acidic solutions : 1.sulfuric and nitric acid, 2.sulfuric acid and peroxide, 3.fluoric acid various diluted aqueous solution during the selected time periods. Following heat treatment was performed and the samples characterization were undertaken: morphology and chemical composition , phase composition, functional group determination, and the specific surface area and porosity evaluation.. Comparing the results raised from acidic etching, it was noticed that the use of H2SO4:HNO3 solutions causes sulphur residues in ceramic in the form of sulphates. The application of HF negatively affects the structure of the material and cause agglomeration. The most advantageous modification of ceramic powders was application of piranha solution, the obtaining surface development was achieved, satisfactory degree of agglomeration and post-process pollution.
Management of multiple rib fractures-results from a Major Trauma Centre with review of the existing literature
Authors: Chowdhury Debkumar , Okoh P. , Dambappa H.
Published: December 2020

Introduction Rib fractures are amongst the most common fractures following major trauma presenting to the Emergency Department. It accounts for more than 15% of ED presentations (1) on a global scale. As the population ages the incidence of rib fractures also rises often following falls from a relatively small height being part of fragility fractures. The impact of rib fractures is even more significant in the patient with underlying chronic respiratory conditions.Aim To assess our current management of rib fractures at our trauma centreMethod We collected our data from the TARN Registry primarily focussing on patients with multiple rib fractures. The main components were the analgesic requirement of our patients. We also studied the number of rib fracture stabilisation procedures and the average number of ribs fixed.Results The data was collected retrospectively over a period of 12 months. There were 313 patients identified as having chest wall injuries. From the data, 41.9% (131) of patients were over the age of 65 years. A significant proportion of our patients 34.5% (108) were noted to have multiple rib fractures (>3 Ribs). It was noted that 3% (9) of the 313 patients required operations. The average of the patients included in the study was noted to be 61 years with an age range of 17-92 years.Conclusion The mainstay management of rib fracture is provision of adequate analgesia and the prevention of respiratory complications that can all stem from poor ventilatory function amongst other patient factors and injury patterns. Through the decades, surgical stabilisation has gained pace and has found its niche in the management of rib fractures.
Introducing V-line as a New Strategy to Choose Surgical Corridor in Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion at the L5-S1 Segment
Authors: Zhang Wei , Du Xing , Zhu Yong , Luo Wei , Wang Ben , Jiang Guanyin , Ou Yunsheng
Published: December 2020

Purpose: To assess the availability of oblique lumbar interbody fusion at the level of L5-S1 (OLIF51) and to choose ideal surgical corridor in OLIF51 by introducing V-line. Methods: The axial views through the center of L5-S1 disc were reviewed. We adopt 18mm as the width of the simulated surgical corridor. The midline of the surgical corridor is at the center of L5-S1 disc. According to the traction distance of the left iliac vein (LCIV) and psoas major (PM), we defined all the subjects as V (+) (traction-difficultly LCIV), V (-) (traction-friendly LCIV), P (+) (traction-difficultly PM) and P (-) (traction-friendly PM). V-line was defined as a straight line dividing equally the simulated surgical corridor. All cases were divided into 2 groups: The V-line (+) group, more than half of the LCIV region is located in ventral part of V-line; the V-line (-) group, more than half of the LCIV region is located in dorsal part of V-line. Multiple variables regressive analysis was conducted to analyze the independent risk factors of V-line (+). Results: V-line (+) was found in 36 (38.7%) patients and V-line (-) in 57 (61.3%). Incidence of V (+) and P (+) were 35.4% (33/93) and 30.1% (28/93), respectively. 16.1% (15/93) subjects processed V (+) and P (+) at the same time. The independent risk factor of V-line (+) were gender of male (P = 0.034, OR: 12.152) and medial position of LCIV (P ＜ 0.001, OR: 265.085). High iliac crest was a significant independent protective factor (P = 0.001, OR: 0.750). Conclusions: Most patients were suitable for OLIF51. V-line could assess the injury risk of LCIV. Among male patients having the LCIV near the midline or the iliac crest relatively low, a surgical corridor external to the LCIV should be taken into consideration.
Increased Cerebrospinal Fluid Adenosine 5'-triphosphate in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Nukui Takamasa , Matsui Atsushi , Niimi Hideki , Hayashi Tomohiro , Dougu Nobuhiro , Konishi Hirofumi , Yamamoto Mamoru , Anada Ryoko , Matsuda Noriyuki , Kitajima Isao , Nakatsuji Yuji
Published: December 2020

Background: Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) has been suggested to cause neuroinflammation and motor neuron degeneration by activating microglia and astrocytes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Since we have developed a highly sensitive ATP assay system, we examined CSF ATP levels in patients with ALS whether it can be a useful biomarker in ALS. Methods: Forty-eight CSF samples from 45 patients with ALS were assayed for ATP with a newly established, highly sensitive assay system using luciferase luminous reaction. CSF samples from patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) were assayed as a control. Patients were divided into two groups depending on their disease severity, as evaluated using the Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score. Correlations between the CSF ATP levels and other factors, including clinical data and serum creatinine levels, were evaluated. Results: ALSFRS-R (37.9 ± 5.7 vs. 42.4 ± 2.8, p<0.01) and serum creatinine levels (0.51 ± 0.13 vs. 0.68 ± 0.23 mg/dL, p < 0.05) were significantly lower in the severe group than in the mild group respectively. CSF ATP levels were significantly higher in the more severe group than in the iNPH group (6860 ± 8312 vs. 716 ± 411 pmol/L, p < 0.05) and mild group (6860 ± 8312 vs. 2676 ± 3959 pmol/L, p < 0.05) respectively. A negative correlation of CSF ATP levels with MRC sum score was demonstrated in the correlation analysis (r = -0.3862, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Extracellular ATP is particularly increased in the CSF of patients with advanced ALS. CSF ATP levels may be a useful biomarker for evaluating disease severity in patients with ALS.