bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desain Mesin Pencacah Sampah Organik Kapasitas 20 Kg dalam Mendukung Produksi Eco-Enzyme dan Kompos
Authors: Sundari Susanti , Yuspradana Rizky , Irwanto Sofyan , Pratama Rio Aditiya
Published: August 2024

Research to design an organic waste chopping machine with a capacity of 20 kg, which can be used by small industries and households, aims to facilitate the processing of organic waste with a capacity that is not large to support the activities of processing fruit and vegetable waste into eco-enzyme or compost which is an alternative organic waste processing solutions. During this process, what is done is to cut fruit and vegetable waste into small pieces which will be processed into eco-enzyme using a kitchen knife which is definitely not effective, takes a long time and the results are not uniform. The method used in designing this tool is the French method. This research succeeded in designing an organic waste chopping machine with a capacity of 20 kg, with a motor power of 0.18 kw / 180 watts. The combination of tool capacity and low watt motor makes mobility easier because it is easy to move and saves electricity consumption or costs. This research is a solution for processing organic waste both in households and in communities that are eco-enzyme and compost activists with real implementation in supporting more effective and efficient handling of organic waste.
Dampak Mikroplastik terhadap Ekosistem Pesisir: Sebuah Telaah Pustaka
Authors: Kastilon Kastilon , Novianto Saputra Dhendi , Ritonga Abdullah Ibrahim , Reflis Reflis , Satria P. Utama
Published: August 2024

Microplastics can cause physical, chemical, and biological damage to marine organisms. Small microplastic particles can become trapped in the tissues of organisms or be ingested by marine biota, causing physical injuries and even death. The findings of this study are expected to provide information to companies, governments, and the public regarding the impact of microplastics on coastal ecosystems, as well as recommendations for solutions that can be implemented to minimize the pollution impact. The study results indicate that microplastics can also absorb hazardous chemicals and pollutants, which can enter the bodies of marine organisms and cause toxicity. The accumulation of microplastics in the bodies of organisms can impact higher-level organisms in the food chain, including humans. In this regard, recommendations for strategies and public awareness are necessary to safeguard the environment and ensure a healthy life. The public should play an active role in controlling environmental impacts, reducing the use of single-use plastics, and implementing proper waste management systems. Additionally, governments need to create effective national policies for managing plastic waste, implementing the 4R hierarchy, and educating the public to increase awareness of the negative impacts of microplastics on coastal ecosystems. Lastly, continuous research and monitoring of microplastics in coastal ecosystems are necessary to develop more effective control strategies.
Hubungan Beban Kerja Fisik dan Beban Kerja Mental terhadap Kelelahan Kerja pada Pekerja Las PT PAL Indonesia
Authors: Sahilah Amrina Rosadah  , Denny Ardyanto  , Ayik Mirayanti Mandagi  , Bian Shabri Putri Irwanto
Published: August 2024

Work fatigue in the shipping industry needs attention. Based on 2018 ILO data, it is stated that more than 2 million workers in the world die every year due to fatigue caused by work-related diseases or work accidents. Fatigue can be caused by an imbalance in workload. The workload, both physical and mental, must be in accordance with the worker's abilities. Physical load is dominated by physical activity work while mental load is dominated by mental activity or thinking. The aim of this research is to analyze the strong relationship between mental workload and physical workload on work fatigue. The research method includes descriptive research with an observational research design and a cross-sectional approach on welding 1 and welding 2 workers in the commercial division of PT PAL Indonesia. The strength of the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable is seen based on the results of the correlation coefficient (r) in the Spearman test. The results of the research show that there is a very strong relationship between mental workload and work fatigue of 0.811 (very strong) between physical workload and work fatigue of 0.847 (very strong). The strong relationship between physical workload and work fatigue is greater than the strong relationship between mental workload and work fatigue.
Hubungan Antara Stres Kerja dan Keluhan Nyeri Punggung Bawah Pekerja Las Industri Pembuatan Kapal
Authors: Dwidyah Laurensyah Heriyanto Putri  , Endang Dwiyanti  , Susy Katikana Sebayang
Published: August 2024

Low Back Pain (LBP) is a widespread health issue that profoundly impacts workers' productivity and quality of life. In addition to non-specific health effects, LBP can result in long-term disability and considerable economic losses. Globally, LBP affects 619 million individuals, with projections suggesting an increase to 843 million by 2050, particularly Low Middle Income Countries (LMICs) in Asia and Africa. The shipbuilding industry, known for its physically strenuous tasks and stringent deadlines, presents unique ergonomic challenges that can exacerbate job-related stress and precipitate the onset of LBP. This study examines Project X PT Y, a pivotal entity in Indonesia's shipbuilding sector. Utilizing a quantitative methodology and a cross-sectional research design, the study encompasses all 26 workers from the welding workshop at Project X PT Y. The analysis, conducted using the Spearman test, reveals a robust monotonic relationship between work-related stress and LBP complaints, indicating that the incidence of LBP increases concomitantly with elevated work stress.
Uji Efektivitas Gel Ekstrak Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas L.) sebagai Penyembuhan Luka Sayat
Authors: Vera Estefania Kaban  , Ginting Junius Gian , Nasri Nasri , Sagala Hasel Untung Bersinar , Tarigan Serly Annisa Br
Published: August 2024

Indonesia is known for having abundant biological riches and many plants that can be used as medicine. One of the medicinal plants that is often used by Indonesian people is Jatropha curcas leaves. Jatropha plants are currently used as traditional medicine to treat wounds. One common medication used for cuts is povidone iodine which is effective against bacterial infections. However, povidone iodine also has side effects such as irritation, toxic reactions and burning skin. Jatropha leaves have strong antioxidant activity, so it is necessary to innovate in wound treatment using natural ingredients in the form of gel preparations. The gel preparation was chosen because it is practical, not sticky, easily absorbed by the skin, and works directly on wound tissue. The aim of this study was to assess how well a gel made from ethanol extract of jatropha leaves accelerates the healing of cut wounds in white mice. Jatropha curcas leaves were extracted using the maceration method using 96% ethanol as the solvent. Gel stability testing was carried out organoleptically, homogeneity test and spreadability test. Jatropha leaf extract gel was tested on mice that had been given incisions 1.4 cm long with formulations of 10%, 15% and 20% jatropha leaf extract concentrations. Observations were carried out for seven days. Research findings showed that giving white rats gel containing jatropha leaf extract significantly accelerated their ability to repair wounds
Efektivitas Penggunaan Obat Dislipidemia terhadap Kadar LDL pada Pasien Cardiovaskular Penyebab Stroke
Authors: Rahmawati Raising  , Oktaviarika Dewi Hermawatiningsih  , Wiwi Rumaolat
Published: August 2024

Dyslipidemia is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and cholesterol management therapy has significant benefits in the primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease and stroke. Therefore, lipid-lowering therapy, especially using HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), aims to assess the effectiveness of using statin-class dyslipidemia medications, such as simvastatin and atorvastatin, in reducing LDL levels in cardiovascular patients at X Hospital. This research method uses an observational analytic study with a retrospective research design. This study employs the purposive sampling method. The results of this study show that the majority of patients are female (75%). Based on age grouping, it was found that the highest proportion of patients were aged 56-65 years, accounting for 45%. The use of dyslipidemia drugs that achieved the target LDL reduction ≥ 50% includes Simvastatin 10 mg (33.82%), Simvastatin 20 mg (11.94%), Atorvastatin 10 mg (10.45%), and Atorvastatin 20 mg (41.79%). The most effective drug in achieving the LDL reduction target was Atorvastatin 20 mg.
Tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) dalam perkawinan menurut hukum islam dan hukum positif
Authors: Wahdatus Syarifah Siti , Firdausiyah Vita
Published: August 2024

Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga merupakan bentuk kejahatan dan diskriminasi yang sering menimpa perempuan di dalam rumah tangga. Didalam hukum Islam KDRT tersebut tidak memiliki definisi secara khusus, namun dalam Islam melarang secara keras perbuatan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, hal ini dibuktikan dengan firman Allah di dalam Al-qur’an yang menjelaskan hukum tersebut. Di dalam hukum positif KDRT tersebut dapat menimpa siapa saja, ibu, bapak, suami, istri, anak, bahkan pembantu rumah tangga sekaligus.   Rumusan masalah yang muncul dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dalam perkawinan menurut hukum Islam dan hukum Positif. Kemudian, apa sanksi kekerasan dalam rumah tangga menurut hukum Islam dan hukum Positif.Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini, agar kita bisa mengetahui tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga menurut hukum Islam dan hukum Positif, dan agar kita mengetahui sanksi kekerasan dalam rumah tangga menurut hukum Islam dan hukum Positif.Di dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan secara studi komperatif, yaitu membandingkan tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga menurut hukum Islam dan hukum Positif. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian Library Research (kepustakaan), penulis akan menerapkan data-data pustaka yang berbentuk buku, jurnal, laporan penelitian, makalah dan bahan pustaka lainnya yang akurat terhadap objek yang menjadi pokok permasalahan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat dismpulkan bahwa,    di dalam hukum Islam tindak pidana kekerasan itu termasuk ke dalam jarimah, qishas dan diat. Jarimah, qishas, dan diat adalah jarimah yang diancam dengan hukuman qishas atau diat. Hukuman qishas dijatuhkan terhadap pelaku jarimah agar ia mendapatkan balasan yang setimpal dengan perbuatannya. Jadi, dibunuh kalau ia membunuh atau dianiaya kalan menganiaya. Sedangkan menurut hukum positif, tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga ini terdiri dari berbagai bentuk seperti, kekerasan fisik, psikis, seksual dan penelantaran dalam rumah tangga, dan di dalam UU telah dijelaskan mengenai sanksi dari berbagai bentuk tersebut.
Penetapan wali adhol dalam perspektif hukum islam dan hukum positif
Authors: Sholihah Faridatus , Yuliardy Nugroho Irzak
Published: August 2024

One of the pillars of marriage is having a guardian on the part of the prospective bride, but in reality not all lineage guardians are willing to marry off their daughters, guardians who are reluctant to marry are called adhol guardians. This article will examine the case of determining an adhal guardian in the Kraksaan Religious Court case decision Number: 0078/Pdt.P/2020/PA.Krs. This research aims to determine the legal status of adhol guardians according to Islamic law and positive law, and to determine the factors that cause applications for adhol guardians at the Kraksaan Religious Court. The research method used is qualitative/field research (field research) where this research is descriptive. The data collection method was carried out through observation and interviews. The data sources used come from primary data and secondary data. The data analysis used is qualitative data analysis with an inductive thinking approach. Based on the results of the research, it was concluded that the legal status of the adhol guardian according to Islamic law and Positive law is valid, based on Islamic law, namely paying attention to qoidah fiqhiyyah and also in the 24th letter of the Al-Nur verse 32 of the Al-Qur'an there is an order to marry men and women who alone is worthy of marriage. And based on positive law, namely Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage, article 23 of the Compilation of Islamic Law. The main factor is that many people apply for adhold guardians at the Kraksaan Religious Court because fathers as lineage guardians are reluctant to marry off their daughters for various reasons.
Status anak diluar nikah komparasi hukum islam dan hukum positif
Authors: Afkarina Iza , Nur Khotibul Umam M.
Published: August 2024

One of the legal consequences of the status of a child out of wedlock is the status (position) of the child out of wedlock. In Indonesian legislation, there are several laws that explain the status of children out of wedlock, although there are differences in the law and status of these children between these laws. In Islamic law, children out of wedlock have a different position from legitimate children, biological children, adopted children, and children resulting from adultery. The existence of this position affects in determining guardianship, nasab, inheritance and hadhanah. This research uses a normative study approach, namely comparing the status of adopted children according to Islamic law and positive law. This research is a type of Library Research (literature), the author will present library data in the form of books, journals, research reports, papers and other library materials that are accurate to the object of the subject matter. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that, the status of children outside of marriage based on Islamic law is not the same as biological children, and legal children in Islamic law the status of children outside of marriage in terms of nasab, remains with the mother and her mother's family. According to positive law, Constitutional Court Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 stipulates that the status of children out of wedlock can only be related to the mother and her family, unless there is recognition from a biological father who can be proven scientifically and technologically. This is different from Constitutional Court Decision Number 43/PUU-VIII/2010 which regulates other aspects of children's rights. This is because the status of extramarital children is only dinasabkan to the mother and the mother's family, so directly from the Constitutional Court's decision stipulates that the position or nasab of extramarital children (either due to adultery or nikah sirri) is to their biological father who can be proven by science and technology.
A Study of the Factors Influencing Consumer Behaviour
Authors: Shaw Neha
Published: August 2024

Understanding consumer behaviour is crucial for marketers aiming to create effective strategies, as it allows them to anticipate and respond to consumer needs, preferences, and decision-making processes. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the diverse factors that influence consumer behaviour, organizing them into four primary dimensions: psychological, social, cultural, and economic. The psychological dimension explores how individual perceptions, motivations, attitudes, and personality traits impact purchasing decisions. The social dimension examines the role of social groups, family, and peer influences, as well as the impact of social media and word-of-mouth. The cultural dimension considers how cultural values, traditions, and societal norms shape consumer preferences and behaviours. Lastly, the economic dimension analyzes how factors such as income, economic conditions, and pricing strategies affect consumer choices. By synthesizing current research across these dimensions, the paper not only identifies the key factors driving consumer behavior but also discusses their implications for marketing practices, offering insights that can help marketers develop more targeted and effective strategies. This integrated approach provides a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between these factors, ultimately contributing to more successful marketing outcomes.
Implementation of Supreme Court Regulation No 7 of 2022 concerning electronic case administration and court proceedings at The Denpasar District Court
Authors: Ragawati Ni Ketut , Sihotang Erikson , Saputra Komang Edy Dharma
Published: August 2024

The implementation of electronic trials (e-Litigation) at the Denpasar District Court is a significant step forward in the modernization of the judicial system. This study aims to find out the implementation of the electronic trial and the obstacles encountered during its implementation. The research contributes by providing insights into the practical challenges of adopting electronic trials in a specific judicial context, potentially offering recommendations for overcoming these obstacles. The findings could be valuable for policymakers, legal practitioners, and other courts looking to optimize their own implementation of e-Court.
"Artificial Intelligence Technologies" as a Component of the Training of Railway Engineers
Authors: Тюжина И.В. , Горбатов С.В.
Published: August 2024

В исследовании приведено разработанное авторами содержание дисциплины «Технологии искусственного интеллекта», проходящей апробацию в Самарском государственном университете путей сообщения. При выборе содержания дисциплины учитывались рекомендации Министерства науки и высшего образования, а также потребности железнодорожной отрасли, актуальные тенденции в области искусственного интеллекта, текущий уровень подготовки обучающихся и доступные ресурсы для обучения. Содержание дисциплины может быть использовано для формирования цифровых компетенций студентов транспортных вузов, а также послужить основой для достижения целей по дополнению образовательных программ высшего образования по всем специальностям и направлениям подготовки разделами по изучению технологий искусственного интеллекта.

The study presents the content of the discipline «Artificial Intelligence Technologies» developed by the authors, which is being tested at the Samara State University of Transport. When choosing the content of the discipline, the recommendations of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education were taken into account, as well as the needs of the railway industry, current trends in the field of artificial intelligence, the current level of training of students and available resources for training. The content of the discipline can be used to develop the digital competencies of students at transport universities, and also serve as the basis for achieving the goals of supplementing educational programs of higher education in all specialties and areas of training with sections on the study of artificial intelligence technologies.
Возможности искусственного интеллекта для создания образовательных ресурсов в предметной области «Педагогика»: приоритеты и риски
Authors: Грицай Л.А.
Published: August 2024

В научных кругах активно обсуждается внедрение искусственного интеллекта в образовательный процесс. Эксперты сходятся во мнении, что существуют определённые приоритеты создания образовательных ресурсов с помощью технологий искусственного интеллекта для предметной области «Педагогика», которые могут повысить эффективность освоения студентами данных дисциплин. Среди них возможности искусственного интеллекта оценивать вербальное поведение учащихся, создавать индивидуальные задания и тесты, адаптированные под способности каждого из студентов, предлагать методические рекомендации, создавать обучающие модели и анализировать мотивацию и готовность к профессии. Однако есть и риски замены традиционных методов обучения на технологии искусственного интеллекта: среди них сокращение возможностей личностного взаимодействия преподавателей со студентами на занятиях; неспособность искусственного интеллекта оценить самостоятельность и творчество студентов, их личностное погружение в профессию; уменьшение групповой работы из-за индивидуализации программы обучения, предложенной искусственным интеллектом для каждого студента. Указывается на необходимость баланса между инновациями и традиционными методами обучения для успешной интеграции искусственного интеллекта в образовательную сферу.

The introduction of artificial intelligence into the educational process is actively discussed in scientific circles. Experts agree that there are certain priorities for creating educational resources using artificial intelligence technologies for the subject area " Education ", which can increase the effectiveness of students' mastering these disciplines. Among them are the capabilities of artificial intelligence to evaluate the verbal behavior of students, create individual tasks and tests adapted to the abilities of each student, offer methodological recommendations, create training models and analyze motivation and readiness for the profession. However, there are also risks of replacing traditional teaching methods with artificial intelligence technologies: among them, reducing the opportunities for personal interaction between teachers and students in the classroom; the inability of artificial intelligence to assess the independence and creativity of students, their personal immersion in the profession; a decrease in group work due to the individualization of the training program offered by artificial intelligence for each student. It is pointed out that there is a need for a balance between innovations and traditional teaching methods for the successful integration of artificial intelligence into the educational sphere.
The Use of Fuzzy Vault Technology to Find Out Fingerprint Differences
Authors: Dulaimi Ibtisam Kareem AI
Published: August 2024

Fuzzy vault technology is different from biometric security and information recovery. In this article, we explore the utilization of fuzzy vaults in healthcare, because we can acquire crucial information like the vital signs of a person and the specific details of their fingerprint, even when there is limited information about the individual. We discuss both the conceptualized ideas that serve as the foundation for fuzzy vaults, as well as the practical application of these ideas to secure biological templates via biometric means. Our research involves both computer-simulated and actual case history data. Through this, we attempt to balance between preserving biometric privacy while still achieving a degree of identificable physiological variation. In our presentation, we demonstrate a hybrid of tabular data alongside visual illustrations that illustrate the association between different parameters regarding accuracy and the degree of difficulty associated with information recovery via fuzzy vaults. Let's consider the benefits and drawbacks of our options- elements like strength in security, precision, or the potential for application in limited spaces. To conclude this discussion without a definitive conclusion, but by pointing out what additional investigations should be conducted regarding the subject; likely medical advances caused by the adoption of new methods in medical settings should be noted.
De burgemeester in crisistijd
Authors: Bron R. , Zannoni M.
Published: August 2024

The mayor in times of crisis: switching between managerial courage and reservedness

The article aims to illustrate the importance of the mayor in times of disaster and crisis management. The mayor plays a crucial role, even though he is merely one link in the crisis management process. In the Netherlands, the organization and coordination of crisis management is subdivided into 25 safety regions. Recently there has been a strong development towards professionalization of these safety regions and their partners. However, in the case of a local crisis all attention goes to the mayor, whose decisions and actions are critically followed by the media and the public. In order to identify what would constitute a good mayor in times of crisis, the article lists essential points and qualities. In sum, a good mayor in times of crisis should be critical and show managerial courage.
Agenten met een vredesmissie
Authors: Sollie H.
Published: August 2024

Police officers on a peace mission

The Dutch police participated in eleven peace missions since 2000. This article describes the experiences of Dutch police officers who carried out police reform during recent missions in Bosnia, Sudan, Kosovo and Afghanistan. In their role as instructor and/or adviser, these police officers taught local constables (basic) policing and management skills. During their mission, they were confronting many obstacles that stem from cultural differences, ethnic tensions, opportunism, unwillingness, corruption and language barriers. Given these limitations, expectations regarding police reform must be tempered. Creating or transforming local police into effective law-enforcement institutions that operate under the rule of law and with respect for human rights, is not a quick fix. However, by means of training and advice, local police officers realize that they should protect and serve.
De architect heeft het gedaan!
Authors: Vanstiphout W.
Published: August 2024

The architect is to blame! The role of city planning, architecture and local government in the 2005 riots in the French suburbs

Is the design of a city a decisive factor in the development of violent behavior by its inhabitants? The discussion following the 2005 riots in the French suburbs shows that many blame the concept of La Ville Radieuse and its most famous founding father, the architect Le Corbusier, for the social degeneration of the banlieues. For some critics, like the British author Theodore Dalrymple, this ‘totalitarian’ architecture symbolizes the evil of the welfare state with its social security, mass immigration, egalitarism and its elites with their blindness for the threat to the western Enlightenment values coming from these ‘black’ suburbs. However, the truth of urban development is that cities are fundamentally unpredictable. After several generations a building will be used in a completely different way than perceived, by people whose existence one wasn't aware of and in a social context one couldn't have predicted. This ‘natural’ development is labeled as the failure of a project, often leading to a policy of repression and demolition. However, local politicians, project developers and architects should realize that it's not their actions that determine the development of cities, but the way the inhabitants use and interpret their environment. They create their own city. Instead of replacing the inhabitants by demolishing their houses, we probably have no other choice than getting to know these quarters better and renovate these together with and for the local inhabitants.
Het aandeel van de drugssector in het nationaal inkomen
Authors: Rensman M. , Bruil A. , van de Steeg A. , Kazemier B.
Published: August 2024

The share of narcotics production and trade in the national income of the Netherlands

Illegal activities like smuggling, prostitution and the production and sales of illicit drugs contribute to the national income of a country. In practice, however, they are not included in the statistics, because reliable estimates of the size of these activities hardly exist. Recently Statistics Netherlands started research into the share of illegal activities in the national income. This article presents the first estimates for the production and trade of illicit drugs. The total contribution of illicit drugs to the national income of the Netherlands ranges from € 1,300 million in 1995 to almost € 1,800 million in 1998 to 1,200 million in 2008. This is equal to approximately 0.45% of the national income in the 1990s to about 0.2% in 2008. The main reasons for this decrease are the decrease in the prices for drugs, the deterioration of terms of trade and the increase in international competition, especially for xtc and amphetamines.
Controlul civil democratic asupra Forțelor Armate ale Republicii Moldova în contextul aspirațiilor de aderare la Uniunea Europeană
Authors:   Universitatea de Stat din Moldova; Institutul de Cercetări Juridice, Politice și Sociologice, Chișinău, Republica Moldova, MARINUȚA Vitalie
Published: August 2024

Based on the experience of other countries, in the current context of regional security, the enhanced relations with NATO, and the status of candidate country for EU membership, the Republic of Moldova has to pay increased attention to its security and defence. It includes not only increasing budget allocations for the defence sector, professionalizing the armed forces or participating with troops alongside other European countries in various theatres of operations, but also ensuring institutional transparency and rigorous implementation of EU standards of civilian democratic control over the armed forces. The effectiveness of democratic civilian control will contribute to enhancing national security and will bring the Republic of Moldova closer to the European community. This article briefly discusses the evolution of democratic civilian control over the armed forces of the Republic of Moldova from a theoretical and practical point of view and sets up some recommendations.
Operating Concepts – An Essential Element for the Romanian Armed Forces Development
Authors: PORTASE Ovidiu
Published: August 2024

Military operating concepts are the mandatory starting point for the defence forces design and development. The Consolidated National Defence and the Integrated Joint Force, two operating concepts presented in the Military Strategy of Romania - 2021, provide the necessary vision for the transformation and adaptation of the Romanian Armed Forces and the joint force to the current and future realities of the operating environment. In this article the author presents some considerations related to the place,
role and importance of operating concepts used by the armed forces of other states, accompanied by some examples and points of view that might help to better understand the terms, to develop and implement these concepts and their subsequent concepts, doctrines, and capabilities through which they are operationalized in the Romanian Armed Forces.
Supremacy in the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Authors:   Academia Oamenilor de Știință din România, BOARU Gheorghe , DAVID Adrian-Cristian ,   Ministerul Apărării Naționale
Published: August 2024

Supremacy in the electromagnetic spectrum provides additional options and increased flexibility in any competition, even other than military conflicts, in addition to greater control of the scale of escalation. It gives policy makers and military leaders the decision space to manage events in real time while denying equivalent decision space to adversaries. At the same time, supremacy in the electromagnetic spectrum requires the collection, analysis and validation of robust information in the following key areas: electromagnetic spectrum sensors, communications, data links, radars, jamming, directed energy and infrared systems, engineering data describing the performance, characteristics and signature information of associated equipment, weapons and platforms, combat support data and modelling and simulation support. The authors
describe these topics through a detailed analysis of the importance and role of supremacy in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Loitering Munitions – Possible “Game Changer” in Future Warfare
Authors:   Universitatea Națională de Apărare „Carol I”, NISTORESCU Claudiu Valer
Published: August 2024

While the nature of warfare remains constant, it is important to acknowledge that its character is evolving due to the influence of new technologies and weapon systems. Recent armed conflicts, such as those in Nagorno-Karabakh, Ukraine, and the Gaza Strip, highlight the importance of technology in military operations’ planning and execution, as well as the need to integrate new technologies and weapon systems within the existing military capabilities in order to enhance their effectiveness.
Loitering munitions, also known as “kamikaze drones” or “suicide drones”, are new and versatile weapons that are increasingly used in both conventional and unconventional military confrontations. Military organizations show growing interest in the opportunities and benefits of using these new capabilities. In this context, we aim to investigate the integration of these capabilities into land operations, with a focus on their potential to shape future battlefields and warfare. The study topic is of interest to military planners, military commanders, and defence decision-makers.
Troops Air Deployment – A Necessity for Mountain Forces
Authors:   Brigada 2 Vânători de Munte „Sarmizegetusa”, Brașov, CRISTESCU Cristian Tiberiu
Published: August 2024

In the current context of war, adaptation to the ever-changing situation is very important. Mobility in the battlefield is one of the main factors that make the difference. This article aims to highlight the advantages of mountain troops air deployment, hence the need to develop this capability for Romanian mountain troops.
In this regard, the article addresses the mountain troops air deployment as an additional capability necessary for mountain troops to successfully conduct military actions in mountainous-wooded terrain. Resorting to a qualitative type of research, the author presents a series of advantages arising from the establishment, within the mountain troops structures, of the structures capable of being deployed or parachuted into areas of operations that are difficult to access, as they exist in countries with tradition in this military specialty (Italy, Germany).
Terrorism and Organized Crime – 21st Century Threats to Critical Infrastructures. An Analysis of Motivations and Modus Operandi
Authors:   Universitatea Națională de Apărare „Carol I”, BUȚĂ Ionuț-Cosmin
Published: August 2024

In today’s world, where globalization has led to the emergence of various state and non-state actors, including sub-national ones, with differing interests and motivations that often conflict with one another, the provision of essential services such as transportation, electricity, drinking water, medical and digital services, and others is of critical importance to contemporary society. About half a decade ago, when the critical infrastructures that provide these services were built, threats to them, such as terrorism, organized crime, asymmetrical or hybrid ones, were almost non-existent and not as much of a concern to the critical entities responsible for protecting them. The present research is intended to carry out an analysis of two threats to critical infrastructures – terrorism and organized crime, with the aim of identifying their typology, the effects they produce, the method of operation employed by the non-state actors that conduct such activities. The article’s findings have demonstrated that ideological, political, and religious motivations of terrorist organizations, as well as the financial motivations of organized crime hold special significance as they yield effects in the modus operandi of these entities and also shape the response of law enforcement authorities.
80 Years since the Repatriation of British and American Prisoners from Romania
Authors:   Comisia Română de Istorie Militară, VARTIC Gheorghe
Published: August 2024

As Romania joined the Allied Powers (23 August 1944), the fate of American and British prisoners became uncertain, as they were in danger of either being captured by German troops or falling into the hands of the Red Army. As the archive documents show, at that time, there were 1,262 prisoners (1,123 American and 39 British) in Romania, interned in camp no. 13 Bucharest (Pedagogical School on “Sfânta Ecaterina” Street and “Regina Elisabeta” Military Hospital) and camp no. 14 Timișu de Jos1.
In the rescue operation, with the support of the Romanian authorities, Lieutenant Colonel James Gunn was transported by a plane, piloted by Captain Constantin Bâzu Cantacuzino, in Bari, Italy, where the 15th Air Force Command was located. All American and British prisoners in Romania were transported to Italy during Operation Reunion, organised by the 15th Air Force, on 31 August, 1 September, and 3 September 1944.
Perbandingan Hasil Radiografi Efusi Pleura Pada Proyeksi Right Lateral Decubitus (RLD) Dan Left Lateral Decubitus (LLD) Pada Klinis Dengue Haemoragic Fever (DHF) Di RSU. Wisata Universitas Indonesia Timur
Authors: Akhmadi Akhmadi  , Rini Hatma Rusli  , Muhamad Rudiansyah  , Amelia Niwele  , Yohannes Hursepunny
Published: August 2024

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease that can be fatal in a relatively short time. This disease is classified as "difficult to differentiate" from other dengue fever diseases. If without quick and appropriate treatment, the sufferer could fall into an even more fatal condition. And generally the supporting action taken is an X-ray examination of the chest to assess the presence of fluid in the pleura as a result of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito virus. The purpose of this research is to know the Comparison of Radiographic Results of Pleura Effusion on Right Lateral Decubitus Projection and LLD ( Left Lateral Decubitus ) in DHF ( Dengue Haemoragic Fever ) case. This research was conducted in RSU.Wisata Radiology installation of Universitas Indonesia Timur with quantitative research method with experimental design approach. Data collection is done by finding literature, observation, interview, and documentation. From the results of the research that the image of pleural effusion with RLD projection ( Right Lateral Decubitus ) shows better radiographic picture in assessing the level of pleural effusion with clinical DHF ( Dengue Haemoragic Fever ).
Pengaruh Pengaturan Processing Digital Radiography terhadap Kualitas Gambar pada Pemeriksaan Lumbosacral Posisi Lateral di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Makassar
Authors: Rini Hatma Rusli  , Bambang Ariyanto
Published: August 2024

Optimal health services require supporting examinations in diagnosing a disease. On lumbosacral examination, radiograph quality is often less than optimal. Digital radiography is a new system on x-ray machines that has features for better image processing, one of which is flexible noise control (FNC). This study aims to determine the effect of digital radiography processing settings on image quality on lateral position lumbosacral examination. In this study using a qualitative descriptive method with an experimental or experimental research approach. The results showed that there was an effect of digital radiography processing settings on image quality with the FNC feature. This was shown by using the Image J application, there was a change in the standard deviation value before and after processing with the FNC feature. It is known that the FNC feature suppresses the noise value in the radiograph images.
МОНОГРАФИЯ НОРАЙРА АКОПЯНА «ПРАВОВОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ В СФЕРЕ ОХРАНЫ ОБЪЕКТОВ КУЛЬТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ И ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ СРЕДЫ: ОПЫТ АРМЕНИИ И БЕЛАРУСИ» / MONOGRAPH OF NORAYR HAKOBYAN “LEGAL REGULATION IN THE FIELD
OF PROTECTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE AND HISTORICAL ENVIRONMENT: THE EXPERIENCE OF ARMENIA AND BELARUS”
Authors: SIMONYAN HAKOB
Published: August 2024

Review (criticism) is one of the driving forces of science. Every new book needs a professional examination and grade. Norayr Hakobyan’s publication on "Legal regulation in the field of protection of cultural heritage objects and historical environment: The Experience of Armenia and Belarus” (2019, Grodno, in Russian) addresses one of the most important issues of the Armenian reality- the legal field of preservation of historical and cultural heritage.
The experience of Armenia and Belarus (member states of the Eurasian Economic Union ) in the field of protection of cultural heritage – the main legal issues on legal regulation, public administration, control and registration, state cultural policy and cadastre management, as well as legal-administrative, civil-legal and criminal-legal protection of historical and cultural values was examined and presented.
Comparative assessment of different rose cultivars under environmental conditions in central Transylvania, Romania
Authors: SALCĂ ROMAN Gabriela M. , SESTRAS Adriana F. , STOIAN-DOD Roxana L. , DAN Cătălina , MIRCEA Diana-Maria , BOSCAIU Monica , SESTRAS Radu E.
Published: August 2024

Despite the abundance of rose varieties, it is necessary to create and use new genotypes to improve the appearance of green spaces and meet the demands of society, as well as to ensure their response to environmental variables and climate change. To assess the overall value and flower quality of several Romanian and foreign varieties under the ecological circumstances of Northwest Romania, 14 rose varieties from the shrub and floribunda groups were examined. The study identified notable variations among the cultivars for plant growth, foliage, flowers, and their susceptibility to the three primary fungal diseases (black spot, powdery mildew, and rust) prevalent in the study area. Additionally, the study identified the cultivars with proper resilience to frost during the five-year investigation period, particularly after the cold winters. New varieties obtained at HRS Cluj-Napoca, such as Cristiana, Pasiune mov, Maria-Cristina and Splendid, and international varieties such as Fisherman's Friend, Bonica and Mirato, stood out for their decorative quality and attractive floral elements. Some of these varieties have also been considered potential parents for disease and frost resistance in new hybridization projects. Broad-sense heritability data for the quantitative variables under investigation, as well as multivariate analyses, provided useful information for new rose breeding programs. The comparison of quantitative and qualitative assessments of important decorative traits for the roses, together with proper statistical calculation processes to assure their validity and trustworthiness, enabled the development of hypotheses or working models that can improve rose breeding efficiency.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR AR-GE VE İNOVASYON PERSPEKTİFİYLE KÜRESEL ÖLÇEKTE VE TÜRKİYE’DE AR-GE MERKEZİ HARCAMALARİNİN İNCELENMESİ VE ANALİZİ
Authors: Dönerkaya Samet , Aligholipour Omid
Published: August 2024

Ar-Ge ve inovasyon kültürlerinin şirketlere entegrasyonu oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, Ar-Ge ve inovasyonun sosyo-ekonomik ölçekte etkisi, bilimsel etkileri ve teknolojik ilerleme konuları araştırılmıştır. Özellikle Ar-Ge ve inovasyon politikalarının endüstride uygulanabilirliğine odaklanarak, hızla büyüyen inovasyon kültürünün gelişiminde ki parametrelerin ve metriklerin belirlenmesinin yanı sıra Ar-Ge kültürü kilometre taşlarının önemi ve son yıllarda ulusal ve uluslararası literatürde yer alan çalışmalar ve uygulamalar incelenerek analiz edilmiştir.
Türkiye’de inovatif faaliyetlerin yeterli olmadığı hem ülke hem de bölgesel kalkınmalara katkı sağlanabilmesi için bilimsel araştırma kurumlarının kalitesi ve Ar-Ge harcamalarında üniversite-sanayi iş birliklerinin artırılması öncelikli bir amaç olarak belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında özellikle inovasyon politikalarının endüstride uygulanabilirliğine odaklanarak, hızla büyüyen inovasyon kültürünün gelişiminde ki parametrelerin ve metriklerin belirlenmesinin yanı sıra Ar-Ge kültürü kilometre taşlarının önemi ve son yıllarda literatürde yer alan çalışmalar ve uygulamalar bu perspektifte incelenerek analiz edilmiştir. Türkiye’nin Ar-Ge harcamalarının ihracatı üzerinde meydana getirdiği etkilerin yanı sıra Ar-Ge faaliyetlerinin makro ekonomik performansları bu çalışmada sunulmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara bakıldığında Ar-Ge harcamalarının ihracatı doğrudan artırdığı yönünde güçlü bulgular elde edilmiş, nihai sonuçta Ar-Ge faaliyetlerinin Türkiye’de daha bilinçli bir şekilde planlanarak artırılması gerekliliği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Práticas estratégicas de orçamentação e faturamento na administração pública: um estudo de caso no Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Miranda Ramon Machado de , Passos Ivan Carlin , Damaso José Cláudio Garcia , Brito Eduardo de
Published: August 2024

Objetivo do Estudo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar e compreender como os praticantes do processo alcançam os objetivos institucionais por meio de práticas estratégicas no processo de orçamentação e faturamento no Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
Metodologia: O estudo foi classificado como qualitativo e descritivo, baseado em um estudo de caso único. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas individuais e análise de documentos.
Originalidade: A contabilidade gerencial está presente nas práticas do modelo gerencial da Administração Pública. Este modelo é uma premissa para aumentar a eficácia das ações governamentais direcionadas aos cidadãos, os principais interessados. O cenário atual aumentou o controle sobre as organizações e inibiu a gestão gerencial. O modelo de Whittington (2006) serviu como base para uma análise criteriosa do conceito de estratégia como prática e seus aspectos sociais.
Principais Resultados: Os principais resultados obtidos foram: a) o modelo gerencial fornece informações importantes para o processo de adaptação do orçamento; b) as práticas gerenciais não são predominantes, com uso limitado no modelo burocrático; e c) o sistema militar é parte do contexto social e contribui para a adoção de práticas estratégicas padronizadas.
Contribuições Teóricas/Metodológicas: Discussão teoricamente fundamentada sobre práticas estratégicas no processo de orçamentação e faturamento de uma organização pública.
Pengaruh dana bagi hasil, dana alokasi umum, dana alokasi khusus, dan pendapatan asli daerah terhadap belanja daerah di bidang pendidikan pada kabupaten dan kota di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Ahlillah Rua Wahyu , Sari Kartika Rachma , Oktarida Anggeraini
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of Revenue Sharing Funds, General Allocation Funds, Special Allocation Funds and Local Original Revenue on Regional Expenditures in the Education Sector in Regencies and Cities in South Sumatra Province. This study is focused only on Regencies/Cities in South Sumatra Province. The research data uses secondary data. The research data was obtained from the revenue realization report and Regional Education Balance per Regency/City in South Sumatra Province. The number of samples was 17 Regencies/Cities with a total observation of 85 budget realization reports and Regional Education Balance per Regency/City in South Sumatra Province. The data analysis technique was multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS software version 24. The results of the study showed that the Special Allocation Fund and General Allocation Fund had a positive and significant effect on Regional Expenditures in the Education Sector partially, but the Revenue Sharing Fund and Local Original Revenue did not affect Regional Expenditures in the Education Sector partially. It can be concluded that Revenue Sharing Funds, General Allocation Funds, Special Allocation Funds and Local Original Revenue have a positive and significant effect on Regional Expenditures in the Education Sector simultaneously.