bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Management of Business and Technology Incubators in Brazil
Authors: Silva Luan Carlos Santos
Published: February 2024

Objective: This article presents effective guidelines for the management of business and technology incubators in the Brazilian context.   Method: The research covers an analyzed context of 56 incubators located in different regions of the country. The recommended practices were identified based on a thorough analysis of the information available on institutional websites and the incubators' documents.   Results and Conclusion: The study focuses on three key areas: the selection process, the activities carried out by the incubator, and the marketing and dissemination strategies. As far as the selection process is concerned, practices such as the participation of partners in the evaluation of projects, the division of the process into careful stages, the analysis of the internationalization potential of the ventures, and the evaluation of the behavioral profile of the entrepreneurs involved stand out. About the activities promoted by the incubator, it is worth highlighting the offer of courses aimed at business development, the stimulation of innovation through technological support, the sharing of resources such as university laboratories, and the creation of collaborative networks between entrepreneurs. In terms of marketing and dissemination strategies, recommended practices include creating a bank of opportunities for startups, and using the university's institutional media as a platform for visibility and access to online resources to facilitate the exchange of knowledge and information.   Research Implications: This study offers a valuable contribution to the understanding of the successful strategies adopted by Brazilian incubators in promoting entrepreneurship and innovation, providing a solid guide for the effective management of these important centers of entrepreneurial and technological development in the country.
Could Aqueous Extract from Castor Plants be the Solution to Effectively Control the Pink Mealybug Nymphs?
Authors: Marchiori Johnatan Jair de Paula , Holtz Anderson Mathias , De Assis Caio Henrique Binda , Piffer Ana Beatriz Mamedes , Aguiar Ronilda Lana , Oliveira Vinicius de Souza , Carriço Eduarda , Bruni Bruno Silva
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate under laboratory conditions the potential of the leaf extract of the species Ricinus communis L. regarding its insecticidal activity on nymphs of the pink mealybug and determine the Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50).
 
Theoretical reference: Maconellicoccus hirsutus is one of the key pests of several crops and has been diagnosed in more than 350 plant species. The species was reported for the first time in Brazil in 2010 in the State of Roraima, and has since spread to other Brazilian states causing considerable economic losses to the affected areas.
 
Method: The castor bean leaf extract was tested on M. hirsutus insects with varying concentrations. Application was done directly using an airbrush connected to a calibrated compressor. Evaluation occurred at 24, 48, and 72-hour intervals post-application.
 
Results and discussion: As the dosage of the extract was increased, a significant increase in the mortality rate of mealybugs was observed. The lethal concentration for 50 % of the M. hirsutus population (LC50) was calculated at 6.14%, with a confidence interval between 5.40 % and 7.02 % (m/v).
 
Implications of the research: The research proposes a sustainable approach to controlling pink mealybug nymphs, using an aqueous extract of R. communis leaves.
 
Originality/value: This article stands out for its innovation in exploring a sustainable approach to pest control, presenting an effective alternative to reduce dependence on chemical pesticides. This proposal is especially relevant to promote the adoption of more sustainable agricultural practices aligned with the principles of sustainable agriculture and providing benefits for both agricultural production and the environment.
Comparing the Frequency of Flare-Ups in Single vs Multiple Visit Non-Surgical Root Canal Therapy in Multi-Rooted Non Vital Teeth
Authors: Anjum Maham , Shirazi Um-e-Rubab , Awais Tabassum , Shafi Nighat , Ashfaq Misbah , Kamal Muhammad Mohsin
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to make a comparison between the frequencies of flare-ups occurring in single versus multiple visit non-surgical root canal therapy in multi-rooted teeth with pulpal necrosis.

Materials and Methods: 360 patients with multiple-rooted Non-Vital Teeth between the ages of 20 and 60, from both genders, were selected and randomly assigned into two groups. In group A, patients underwent root canal treatment in single visit. In group B, patients underwent 2 visits for root canal treatment. On follow up, if patient complained of endodontic pain not controlled with medication with or without swelling within 24 to 48 hours postoperatively, then flare-up was noted.

Results: The mean age recorded in group A was 41.90 ± 10.94 years whereas in group B, it was 41.21 ± 9.25 years. 148 (41.11%) were male and 212 (58.89%) were female with male to female ratio of 1:1.4. Frequency of flare-ups was 21 (11.67%) in single visit and in 05 (2.78%) patients in multiple visit non-surgical root canal therapy in multi-rooted teeth with pulpal necrosis with p-value of 0.001.

Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of flare-ups is lower after multiple visit non-surgical root canal therapy in multi-rooted teeth with pulpal necrosis as compared to single visit.
Role of Audiovisual Aid in Reduction of Dental Anxiety during Tooth Extraction: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rehman Ijaz ur , Babar Palwasha , Qaiser Uswa , Amin Salman , Saeed Tooba , Tayyab Tahmasub Faraz
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective: Dental anxiety has been reported to be the fifth most prevalent reason for anxiety among adults. It is a negative psychological effect of the stress-induced, precisely due to dental treatment. This study was conducted to assess the effect of audiovisual aid in reducing dental anxiety during tooth extraction.

Methodology: 162 participants who needed tooth extraction were randomly divided into two groups of 81, each using a simple randomization method using the lottery method. Participants in Group A were given verbal information about the procedure preoperatively, while participants in Group B were shown an audiovisual clip. Preoperative and postoperative anxiety levels were self-reported by the patients on the Visual Analogue Scale from 0 to 10. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.

Results: The mean age of the study participants was 35.69. Among the 162 participants, 43.8% were females, and 56.2% were males. The mean score for preoperative anxiety for groups A and B was 6.79 and 7.02, respectively. In both groups, postoperative anxiety levels were 4.37 and 2.33, respectively. A statistically significant association was observed in the reduction of anxiety scores between the two groups.

Conclusion: Audiovisual aid can serve as an effective tool for reducing dental anxiety among patients undergoing tooth extractions.
Effectiveness of 5% Topical Zinc Sulphate Solution in Reduction of Acne Vulgaris in Patients of Lahore
Authors: Aqeel Ayesha , Qamar Muneeza , Gillani Aneela , Khalid Sehrish , Javed Mahwish
Published: February 2024

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition caused by excessive sebum production, bacterial colonization, and inflammation.

Objective: To determine the effect of the 5% topical zinc sulfate solution on reducing the GAGS score in patients with acne vulgaris.

Methodology: This descriptive case series study was conducted in the department of dermatology of a public sector hospital from August 1, 2019, to February 1, 2020. A total of one hundred participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pretreatment photographs were taken, and the baseline GAGS score was documented. Each patient was instructed to use 5% topical zinc sulfate twice daily on the affected area for two months. Compliance was assured by follow-up after every 15 days. The participants were followed up for two months to assess the changes in the GAGS score.

Results: A total of one hundred participants suffering from acne vulgaris were included. The mean age was 28.6 years. There were 46 (46.0%) males and 54 (54.0%) females. After two months of use of the 5% topical zinc sulfate for acne vulgaris, 29 (29.0%) had no response, while 45 (45.0%) and 26 (26.0%) had a fair and good response, respectively.

Conclusion: The 5% zinc sulfate solution demonstrated a significant reduction in the GAGs score. Most responders, particularly those with disease severity grades II and I, exhibited a significant therapeutic response, suggesting it to be an effective mode of treatment for patients with mild to moderate acne.
A Stride towards Global Clinical Research Excellence
Authors: Atif Muhammad
Published: February 2024

N/A
Ensuring AI’s Subservience: A New Dimension of Healthcare Leadership
Authors: Khan Khalid Rahim , Khalid Ambreen
Published: February 2024

N/A
Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of the Bloubergstrand basaltic andesites, Tygerberg Formation, Malmesbury Group, Pan-African Saldania Belt, southwestern Africa
Authors: Bailie R. , Weber B.
Published: February 2024

The Bloubergstrand Member, consisting of mafic to intermediate tuffs and flows within the Tygerberg Formation of the Malmesbury Group, is a crucial but understudied component of the western Saldania Belt in southwestern Africa. With a U-Pb zircon age of 555 ± 5 Ma, these volcanic rocks provide valuable insights into the origins and, more broadly, the tectonic setting of the Saldania Belt during the final stages of Malmesbury Group sedimentation in the context of the construction of southwestern Gondwana at approximately 560 to 540 Ma.

The Bloubergstrand Member amygdaloidal volcanic rocks vary from basaltic andesitic to andesitic and have experienced varying degrees of alteration. The volcanic rocks are enriched in the large ion lithophile elements (LILE) relative to the high field strength elements (HFSE). When normalised to primitive mantle values, they show enrichment in Cs, Rb, K and Pb and mild enrichment in Th, U, Zr and Hf, with the light rare earth elements (LREE) enriched relative to the heavy rare earth elements (HREE). They are depleted in Ba, Nb, Ta, Sr, Eu, P and Ti. εNd(t) values are mildly negative ranging from -3.60 to -2.39, and Nd TDM model ages range from 1.4 to 1.7 Ga. Initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios vary from 0.70478 to 0.70620, with one higher value of 0.72270, the latter likely due to extensive alteration.

The Bloubergstrand Member volcanic rocks exhibit characteristics suggesting their origin from partial melting of lithospheric to transitional asthenospheric upper mantle, influenced by sediment-derived melts and variable degrees of crustal contamination. With continental arc basalt compositions and similarities to shoshonites, the samples reflect variable degrees of partial melting and source heterogeneities. Fractional crystallisation of pyroxenes, hornblende, and plagioclase contributes to compositional variability. Erupting in a continental arc margin, likely part of the Arachania block of the Kalahari craton, separated during the Tonian break-up of Rodinia, the volcanics were associated with the Marmora basin formed by eastward-directed subduction below the western Kaapvaal Craton margin. Extruded in a distal position relative to the Cuchilla Dionisio Arc in present-day southern Brazil and Uruguay, these volcanic rocks preceded the closure of the southern Marmora basin. The mantle melting, possibly a result of slab roll-back, break-off, ridge subduction, or a combination, served as a precursor to the lower crustal heating that generated the granitic magmas of the Cape Granite Suite.
Pemahaman Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas tentang Konsep Fungsi Invers
Authors: Purba Wahyu Aditya Suranta , Hasbi M , Usman Usman , Bambang RM
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Mathematical understanding is a person's capacity to recognize mathematical information and how this information is used as a strategy for solving an existing problem to achieve ease in obtaining the truth. However, students are still found who lack an understanding of inverse functions. This is very unfortunate, even though the inverse function is one of the materials that students must understand. This research aims to analyze students' mathematical understanding of inverse function material. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were 28 class XI students at one of Banda Aceh's high schools. Data collection used two instruments, namely a mathematical understanding test, and an interview guide. The triangulation used is time triangulation. The indicators tested on the test subjects were 1) restating the definition of the inverse function; 2) identifying functions that have an inverse and do not have an inverse; 3) showing examples and non-examples of functions that have an inverse; and 4) apply procedures and algorithms in solving inverse function problems. Based on the results of the analysis, show that a small number of students fulfill all the indicators of understanding in solving inverse function questions. Most students can apply the procedure but are unable to relate the answer to the concept of inverse functions.

 

Keywords: Inverse functions; Comprehension indicators; Mathematical understanding.

 

Abstrak

Pemahaman matematis adalah kapasitas seseorang untuk mengenali informasi matematika dan bagaimana informasi tersebut digunakan sebagai strategi penyelesaian suatu permasalahan yang ada sehingga tercapainya kemudahan dalam memperoleh kebenaran. Namun faktanya masih ditemukan siswa yang kurang memiliki pemahaman fungsi invers. Hal ini sangat disayangkan, padahal fungsi invers merupakan salah satu materi yang harus dipahami oleh siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pemahaman matematis siswa pada materi fungsi invers. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. subjek penelitian yaitu 28 siswa kelas XI di salah satu SMA Banda Aceh. Pengumpulan data menggunakan dua instrument yaitu tes pemahaman matematis dan panduan wawancara. Triangulasi yang digunakan adalah triangulasi waktu. Indikator yang diuji kepada subjek tes yaitu 1) menyatakan ulang definisi fungsi invers; 2) mengidentifikasikan fungsi yang memiliki invers dan tidak memiliki invers; 3) menunjukkan contoh dan non-contoh fungsi yang memiliki invers; dan 4) menerapkan prosedur dan algoritma dalam menyelesaikan soal fungsi invers. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan sebagian kecil siswa memenuhi keseluruhan indikator pemahaman dalam menyelesaikan soal fungsi invers. Sebagian besar siswa mampu menerapkan prosedur namun tidak mampu mengaitkan jawaban dengan konsep dari fungsi invers.

 

Kata Kunci: Fungsi invers; Indikator Pemahaman; Pemahaman Matematis.
The productivity of perennial ryegrass as affected by seeding rates and techniques
Authors: Золотарев В.Н.
Published: February 2024

Исследования по изучению норм высева и способов посева при ширине междурядий 15 и 30 см райграса пастбищного сорта ВИК 22 проводили в 2018–2021 годах на опытном поле ФНЦ «ВИК им. В. Р. Вильямса». Цель работы — выявить оптимальные нормы высева и способы посева семян райграса пастбищного сорта ВИК 22, обеспечивающие формирование структуры семенного травостоя с лучшими параметрами для получения наиболее высокой урожайности в условиях Центрального Нечерноземья России. В технологическом опыте был произведён посев райграса с нормами высева от 4 до 16 кг/га (в пересчёте на 100% посевную годность) с интервалом 2 кг/га при ширине междурядий 15 и 30 см. Это позволило сформировать посевы с густотой всходов от 75 до 302 шт./м2. Полевая всхожесть в зависимости от норм высева и способов составляла от 51 до 56%. В травостоях 1-го года пользования наибольшее количество генеративных побегов — от 1152 до 1314 шт./м2 — насчитывалось в посевах с нормами от 8 до 16 кг/га. Однако вследствие загущения с увеличением норм высева количество колосков в колосе и их обсеменённость снижались на 11–15% при последовательном увеличении полегания посевов с 44–47 до 66%. Наиболее высокие сборы семян — 0,94–1,07 т/га — в 1-й год использования травостоя были получены при нормах высева от 8 до 16 кг/га с междурядьями 15 см, при нормах 8–10 кг/га — с междурядьями 30 см. При двухгодичном использовании травостоев в сумме за 2 года наиболее высокий сбор семян — от 1,66 до 1,73 т/га — был получен при нормах высева 10–12 кг/га с междурядьями 15 см, при норме 10 кг/га — при черезрядном способе посева.

The experiment presented in this article took place at the Federal Williams Research Center of Fodder Production and Agroecology in 2018–2021. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal seeding rate and technique of VIK 22, perennial ryegrass, to obtain high yields in the Central Non-Chernozem region of Russia. The seeding rates from 4 to 16 kg ha-1 were used (100% of high-quality seeds) under the planting interspace of 2 kg ha-1 and widths of 15 and 30 cm. This resulted in the seedling density from 75 to 302 pcs/m2. The germination ability amounted to 51–56% in a field depending on the seeding rate and technique. The 1-year-old stands formed the highest number of generative shoots — from 1152 to 1314 pcs/m2 — under the seeding rates from 8 to 16 kg ha-1. However, due to the higher seeding rates and, therefore, higher plant density, the number of spikelets and seeds dropped by 11–15% while crop lodging increased from 44–47 to 66%. The seeding rates of 8–16 and 8–10 kg ha-1 provided the highest seed yields of 0.94–1.07 t ha-1 in the first year under the planting widths of 15 and 30 cm, respectively. When cultivating ryegrass for two years the highest seed productivity of 1.66–1.73 t ha-1 was obtained under the seeding rate of 10–12 kg ha-1 and planting width of 15 cm, as well as 10 kg ha-1 and skip-row planting.
أحكام اتفاق التحكيم في منازعات عقود الامتياز النفطي - دراسة مقارنة - بالتطبيق على دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي
Authors: بدوي فدوى محمد علي
Published: February 2024

يمثل اتفاق التحكيم الطريق الأساسي للجوء أطراف منازعات عقود الامتياز النفطي إلى التحكيم بدلاً عن القضاء، حيث أن هذا الاتفاق هو الضابط الأساسي لإجراءات التحكيم. هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان أحكام اتفاق التحكيم بشأن عقود الامتياز النفطي. وعليه فإن الدراسة قد ناقشت مفهوم التحكيم، صوره مع الإشارة إلى شروطه، آثاره والأسباب التي تؤدي إلى انهائه في عقد الامتياز النفطي وذلك وفق تشريعات دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي المقارن وذلك لجمع البيانات من المصادر ونصوص التشريعات محل الدراسة ثم تحليلها ومقارنتها، وذلك للوصول إلى نتائج واضحة.  من خلال سرد موضوعات الدراسة، تم التوصل إلى نتائج من أهمها:  1-أن هنالك توافق بين التشريعات محل الدراسة إلى لجوء أطراف عقود الامتياز النفطي إلى ابرام اتفاق تحكيم بشأن المنازعات التي يثيرها هذا العقد وذلك بحلها عن طريق التحكيم وليس القضاء العادي. 2-وأن أساس لجوء أطراف عقد الامتياز النفطي إلى إبرام اتفاق تحكيم هي تشريعات التحكيم التي أشارت إلى جواز التحكيم في مثل هذه المنازعات.
الحصانة القضائية للبعثة الدبلوماسية
Authors: العمودي أبرار جمال
Published: February 2024

تناولت الدراسة الحصانات المقررة للبعثة الدبلوماسية، و تدور مشكلة الدراسة حول ضرورة التعرف على الحصانات الدبلوماسية المقررة لكل من البعثة الدبلوماسية و المبعوث الدبلوماسي و ذلك لتوفير الحماية اللازمة لاعضاء البعثة الدبلوماسية عند قيامهم بواجبهم الوظيفي، و قد قسمت الدراسة إلى ثلاثة مباحث ، المبحث الأول و يتناول مفهوم الحصانة الدبلوماسية و الأساس القانوني لمنحها، و يتناول المبحث الثاني الحصانات القضائية للمبعوث الدبلوماسي، و جاء المبحث الثالث موضحًا أحكام و تطبيقات الحصانة القضائية الجزائية، و تهدف هذه الدراسة بشكل رئيسي إلى توضيح الجوانب المتعلقة بالحصانة القضائية للبعثة الدبلوماسية ، و اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي و المنهج التحليلي، و قد توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج أهمها استقرار العرف الدولي منذ القدم على منح المبعوثين الدبلوماسيين مجموعة من الحصانات و الامتيازات الدبلوماسية كحماية لهم من أي ضغوط أو أضرار تحول دون قيامهم بواجبهم الوظيفي و تتنوع الحصانات القضائية الدبلوماسية التي يتمتع بها المبعوث الدبلوماسي ما بين الحصانة القضائية الجزائية و الحصانة القضائية المدنية و الحصانة القضائية الإدارية و تعد القيود و الاستثناءات الواردة على الحصانات و الامتيازات التي يتمتع بها مقر البعثة الدبلوماسية و ملحقاتها قائمة على مفهوم الأمن القومي و السيادة الوطنية، و كان من أهم توصيات الدراسة انشاء محكمة جنائية دبلوماسية تختص بالنظر في الجرائم المرتكبة من قبل الدبلوماسيين خاصةً الجرائم الخطيرة التي قد تهدد الأمن القومي للدول و ضرورة تعديل بعض نصوص اتفاقية فيينا للعلاقات الدبلوماسية و خاصةً تلك الي تتعلق بالحصانة القضائية لتواكب التطور و المستجدات في عصرنا الحالي وانشاء اتفاقية دولية هدفها تحقيق التوازن بين الحصانات و الامتيازات الممنوحة للمبعوثين الدبلوماسيين و ضمان حصول ذوي الشأن على حقوقهم.
تفعيل الدور الاجتماعي التنموي لصندوق التكافل الاجتماعي بجامعة الملك سعود (نموذج مقترح)
Authors: العتيبي ديم سالم
Published: February 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على واقع الدور الاجتماعي لصندوق التكافل الاجتماعي بجامعة الملك سعود وفقاً لتحقيق مستهدفات الجامعة في خدمة المجتمع وتعزيز المسؤولية المجتمعية في أعمال ومبادرات الصندوق والالتزام بمعايير المسؤولية المجتمعية 26000 ISO من خلال تقديم نموذج مقترح تم استخدام منهج تحليل المحتوى للوثائق والسياسات الرسمية، وجمع البيانات من المصادر الرسمية لصندوق التكافل الاجتماعي بجامعة الملك سعود، من خلال مبحثين رئيسين: المبحث الأول: تم فيه استعراض الإطار النظري للمسؤولية المجتمعية والتعرف على تجارب عربية وتجربة محلية في المملكة العربية السعودية لصناديق التكافل الاجتماعي وتحليلها. المبحث الثاني: واقع المسؤولية المجتمعية لصندوق التكافل الاجتماعي بجامعة الملك سعود حسب معايير ISO26000 من خلال الإجابة على تساؤلات الدراسة. خلصت الدراسة الى نتائج من أهمها: ضعف الدور الاجتماعي التنموي لصندوق التكافل الاجتماعي، غياب السياسات المنظمة لأعمال المسؤولية المجتمعية في نظام ولائحة الصندوق بالإضافة الى القصور في فهم المسؤولية المجتمعية وغياب التقييم لأعمال الصندوق وفق معايير قياس المسئولية المجتمعية   ISO26000 . توصي هذه الدراسة بتطبيق النموذج المقترح على أعمال الصندوق وتبني معيار المسؤولية المجتمعية ISO26000 من أجل تعزيز الدور التنموي وفقاً للهدف الاستراتيجي الثالث من أهداف جامعة الملك سعود.
دالة التضخم في الاقتصاد السوداني للفترة ( 1992-2022)
Authors: الجزولي ابتهاج هاشم محمد
Published: February 2024

هدفت الدراسة لمعرفة الاسباب والعوامل المؤثرة على التضخم في السودان في الفترة بين (1990-2022) ، بشكل كمي من خلال نموذج قياسي يعمل على تقدير دالة التضخم ، وتحليل الخصائص الاحصائية للمتغيرات موضع الدراسة ومعرفة مدي تأثيرها . ومن اجل تحقيق هذا الهدف وضعت الفرضيات الاتية: وجود علاقة عكسية بين التضخم والناتج المحلي الاجمالي GDP، وجود علاقة طردية بين التضخم وعرض النقود ، وجود علاقة طردية بين التضخم سعر الصرف .وجود علاقة طردية بين التضخم التمويل بالعجز . استخدم الباحث صيغة الانحدار المتعدد هي الصيغة القياسية التطبيقية الملائمة والمناسبة لدراسة وتقدير دالة التضخم ، هنالك العديد من الاسباب المتعددة التي ادت الى ظهور وتفاقم ظاهرة التضخم ، اعتمد الباحث على المصادر الثانوية والمتمثلة في(المراجع والمجلات و الدوريات الاقتصادية ) وهي من وزارة المالية والاقتصاد الوطني وبنك السودان والجهاز المركزي للإحصاء . كما استخدم الباحث المنهج التاريخي للإطار النظري ومنهجية الاقتصاد القياسي للإطار التطبيقي و البيانات الخاصة بمتغيرات التضخم في السودان للفترة محل الدراسة وقد تم تطبيق طريقة المربعات الصقري العادية و برنامج spss. وقد توصلت الدراسة الى نتائج اهمها وجود تأثير معنوي لكل متغيرات الدراسة على المتغير التابع (التضخم) و ذلك بوجود علاقة عكسية بين التضخم والناتج المحلي الاجمالي GDP ، ووجود علاقة طردية بين كل من التضخم و عرض النقود . وجود علاقة عكسية بين التضخم وسعر الصرف وجود علاقة عكسية بين التضخم التمويل بالعجز . كما توصلت الدراسة الي عدة توصيات من اهمها التحكم في الاصدار النقدي  وكمية النقود والرقابة على الاسعار ورفع البنك المركزي نسبة الاحتياطي على ودائع البنوك  يجب استخدام التمويل بالعجز فقط بعد انقضاء المرحلة الأولي من التنمية مما يؤدي الي المساهمة الحقيقية في الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في السودان، العمل على تقليل الارتباط بين التمويل بالعجز والناتج المحلي الإجمالي حتي لا يتم الاعتماد عليه في تمويل التنمية الاقتصادية في السودان.
واقع استعمال المنصات الرقمية وأثره في تحقيق التكافل الاجتماعي، المنصَّة الوطنية السعودية للعمل الخيري (إحسان) أنموذجا
Authors: عابد فهد محمد
Published: February 2024

يتناول البحث دراسة واقع استعمال المنصات الرقمية في العالم بشكل عام ثم المملكة العربية السعودية على وجه الخصوص، مع بيان دور المنصَّة السعودية الوطنية للعمل الخيري (إحسان) في تحقيق التكافل الاجتماعي. واعتمد البحث المنهج الوصفي لبيان واقع استعمال المنصات في العالم والمملكة العربية السعودية على وجه الخصوص، ثم التحليلي لإحصائيات منصَّة إحسان من خلال مساهمتها في تحقيق التكافل الاجتماعي. وتظهر أهمية البحث بالنظر لمفهوم التقنيات الرقمية ومساهمتها العالمية في التنمية والتطور الاقتصادي وبيان مدى الاستفادة منها في تحقيق أسس وأهداف الاقتصاد الإسلامي، من خلال أحد ركائزه وهو التكافل الاجتماعي. وتوصل البحث إلى إبراز دور المنصَّة السعودية الوطنية للعمل الخيري (إحسان) في تحقيق التكافل الاجتماعي من خلال تكامل الجهات الحكومية مع القطاع الخاص والقطاع الخيري. الأمر الذي يؤكد قوة البنية التحتية التكنولوجية في المملكة العربية السعودية. كما توصل البحث إلى إثبات الفرضية الأولى: وجود تأثير واضح باستخدام المنصات الرقمية على تحقيق التكافل الاجتماعي. ونفي الفرضية الثانية: وجود ارتباط معنوي بارتفاع أو انخفاض مبالغ الحالات المعلنة في منصة إحسان على مدى إقبال المجتمع في تغطيتها. الأمر الذي يؤكد تكاتف المجتمع مع كافة الحالات الإنسانية بواسطة المنصات الرقمية. وتوصي هذه الدراسة الباحثين بمزيد من البحث لدور التقنية في كافة المجالات الاقتصادية. كما توصي الباحثين بتخصيص بحث مفصل عن مركز الملك سلمان للإغاثة والأعمال الإنسانية ودوره في تحقيق التكافل الاجتماعي؛ لما له دور إيجابي بارز في كافة المجالات.
Design of Driver Seat in Automobile Car
Authors:   PG Scholar, Mechanical Department  Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Wagholi, INDIA, Deshmukh Ganesh , Kharamkar Prof.Bhushan ,   Professor, Mechanical Department Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Wagholi, INDIA
Published: February 2024

Driver seat in the automobile is an important system. There are so many parts in the driver seat which made it a complicated system. Adjustments as well as safety systems. A seat adjustment includes height adjustment, fore and aft adjustment, back recline adjustments. Safety systems include seat belts, air bags and advanced head restraints. Generally professional driver works more than eight hours per day of a week, therefore driver seat must be designed by considering all the parameters. Also uneven road condition induces the vibration in a vehicle transmitted to driver body. Poorly designed driver seat affects the driver health and psychological conditions of mind. Three main objectives of any driver seats are safety, health and comfort of driver. This paper presents all the parameters of driver seat such as anthropometry of human, ergonomics related parameters, seat materials, safety related parameters, comfort related parameters as well as weight and aesthetics with classifications and basics of driver seat.
Optimization of Motor Bracket for Enhanced Performance in Electric Vehicles - A Review
Authors:   PG Scholar, Mechanical Engineering Dept, Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Wagholi, INDIA, Pawar Mayur , Karamkar Prof.Bhushan ,   Professor, Mechanical Engineering Dept, Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Wagholi, INDIA
Published: February 2024

As electric vehicles (EVs) continue to gain prominence in the automotive industry, the demand for efficient and lightweight components becomes crucial for overall vehicle performance. This study focuses on the optimization of the bracket used for mounting the motor in electric vehicles, aiming to enhance structural integrity, reduce weight, and improve overall efficiency. The research employs a multi-faceted approach, combining advanced materials analysis, structural simulations, and manufacturing techniques to achieve an optimal design. Initially, a comprehensive materials selection process is conducted, considering factors such as strength, weight, and cost. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is then employed to simulate the bracket's structural behavior under various loading conditions, ensuring that it meets stringent performance and safety standards. The optimization process involves fine-tuning the bracket's geometry to strike a balance between weight reduction and structural robustness, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the electric motor system. Additionally, advanced manufacturing methods, such as additive manufacturing and precision machining, are explored to facilitate the production of the optimized bracket. These techniques not only contribute to the reduction of material waste but also allow for complex geometries that further enhance the bracket's performance.
Design and Analysis of Universal Joint to Enhanced Performance in Electric Vehicles - A Review
Authors:   PG Scholar, Mechanical Engineering, Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Wagholi, INDIA, Salunke Karan , Chavan Prof.Dr.Ajay ,   Professor, Mechanical Engineering Dept,  Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Wagholi, INDIA
Published: February 2024

The rapid evolution of electric vehicles (EVs) has necessitated a comprehensive reevaluation of critical components, particularly the universal joint (U-joint), which plays a pivotal role in transmitting power from electric motors to the wheels. This review meticulously examines the existing literature on the design and analysis of U-joints, with a primary focus on enhancing performance in the context of electric vehicles. Challenges unique to EVs, including higher torque demands and variable speeds, underscore the urgency for optimized U-joint designs. Material advancements and manufacturing techniques, analytical tools, and innovative designs are explored, considering their potential to address these challenges. Smart technologies, such as sensors and condition monitoring systems, are integrated into the discussion, offering insights into real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance strategies. Environmental considerations, case studies, and practical implementations are also deliberated upon. The literature review concludes with a forward-looking perspective, identifying future trends and recommending areas for continued research and development in the pursuit of achieving enhanced U-joint performance for electric vehicles. This synthesis of research findings serves as a valuable resource for engineers, researchers, and industry professionals engaged in advancing the efficiency and reliability of electric propulsion systems.
CUPPING THERAPY
Authors:   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode., Tamil Nadu, INDIA, V Kanimozhi , Sathik Raja Prof.Muhammadu ,   Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode. Tamil Nadu, INDIA, E. Dr.Geetha ,   Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode,Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published: February 2024

Traditional cupping therapy (CT) has been around for a long time and is still used today to treat many different kinds of medical issues. Still, researchers have yet to pin down exactly how (CT) works. Looking at CT through the lens of contemporary medicine, this review set out to determine how it might work and provide some explanations for its effects. A search was conducted using keywords in the English publications in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. From the 223 articles that were found, 149 records were reviewed and 74 articles were deemed irrelevant and removed. Of the 75 full-text publications that were considered for this review, 64 were ultimately included. There are six competing explanations for the benefits of cupping therapy. Nitric Oxide theory may provide an explanation for the calming effects on muscles, alterations in local tissue structures, and improvements in blood circulation. The Activation of immune system theory may explain the hormonal changes and immunological effects. According to the "Blood Detoxification Theory" heavy metals and waste are eliminated while toxins are released. These theories can complement one another or even be used interchangeably to treat different diseases and ailments. It would appear that the many impacts of cupping cannot be adequately explained by a single theory. The aforementioned theories require further investigation to either confirm or disprove them, and future research should also aim to develop novel conceptualizations of CT.
IoT Cloud Based Low-Cost Temperature, Humidity and Dust Monitoring System to Prevent Food Poisoning
Authors:   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, K Mohanapriya , sathik Raja Prof.Muhammadu ,   Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College(Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, Zabiullah Prof.Zyed ,   Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published: February 2024

This project presents a cost-effective IoT-based system designed for monitoring temperature, humidity, and dust levels in food storage environments to mitigate the risk of food poisoning. Utilizing sensors and a microcontroller, real-time data is collected and transmitted to a cloud platform through a secure communication protocol. The cloud-based solution incorporates a backend server and a database for efficient data processing and storage. A user-friendly web or mobile interface enables stakeholders to monitor conditions, set custom thresholds, and receive timely alerts. The system's design emphasizes scalability, adaptability, and ease of deployment, making it suitable for various food storage facilities. Rigorous testing ensures the reliability and accuracy of the system, and its implementation is intended to enhance food safety practices. Ongoing maintenance and updates are incorporated to ensure the sustained effectiveness of the monitoring solution in preventing food borne illnesses.
RHEUMATIOD ARTHRITIS
Authors:   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous),  Tiruchengode. Tamil Nadu, INDIA, M Sarumathi , sathik Raja Prof.Muhammadu ,   Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous),  Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, K Prof.Abirami ,   Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous),  Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published: February 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting joints, with risk factors including age, gender, genetics, and environmental exposures. Complications, such as joint damage, rheumatoid vasculitis, and Felty syndrome, underscore the need for effective management. Treatment modalities, ranging from Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) to physical therapy and surgery, aim to alleviate symptoms and prevent further damage. While there is no cure for RA, ongoing research explores emerging therapies and precision medicine approaches. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial, tailoring treatment to individual needs for optimal outcomes and improved quality of life. Regular monitoring and adjustments to the treatment plan are essential aspects of RA management.
Smart Warming: Lab VIEW- Powered Patient Mattress for Ultimate Comfort
Authors:   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics,  Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, R. Balamurugan , R. Dr.SatishKumar ,   Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous),  Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, Sathik Raja Prof.Muhammadu ,   Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published: February 2024

Exposure to cold temperatures is, often, a neglected problem in ICUs, CT, AND MRI scans it may cause several discomforts such as shivering, lung diseases, and artifacts in scan reports, etc., one of the leading influences of the overall sensation of cold discomfort is the cooling of the back. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a heated ambulance mattress- prototype on body temperatures and thermal comfort in an experimental study. The endotherm patient warming mattress and ambulatory patient mattress are the preexisting projects. The Inditherm mattress is designed for use by all patients undergoing anesthesia who may be at risk of inadvertent pre-operative hypothermia, and for any patients who require warming in pre-operative, intra-operative, and postoperative settings the ambulatory mattress is generally a warming mattress. The main disadvantage is that these two technologies are not automated the operator has to set all parameters. In this project, we are designing a mattress that liberates heat depending on room temperature. The Lab VIEW controls on and off of the system it compares the room temperature with the present value and produces a suitable result. The main advantage is the project is fully automated and warms the patient only at the required time.
Transportation and Disposal of Medical Waste Using Block Chain Technology
Authors:   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, M Moulika , sathik Raja Prof.Muhammadu ,   Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, Zabiullah Prof.G.Syed ,   Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published: February 2024

This project proposes a blockchain-based solution to enhance the regulation and supervision of medical waste disposal, addressing critical loopholes in current management practices. By introducing decentralized system architecture and smart contracts, the model ensures the authenticity and credibility of medical waste data throughout its lifecycle. Digital credentials are employed to protect operator information privacy, while blockchain technology facilitates information sharing and transfer among stakeholders. The integration of digital credentials for physical certificates enhances security and privacy protection. The model offers authoritative evidence for regulatory bodies, supporting the establishment of a new generation of medical waste regulatory information systems. Through insightful discussions and case studies, the practicability of blockchain in waste management is highlighted, paving the way for a more efficient and accountable approach to medical waste disposal.
Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles with an Ethanolic Asparagus racemosus Root Extract: Environmental Protection Against Blue-Green Algae and its Bactericidal Potential
Authors: Subha Veeramani , Thulasimuthu Eswari , Shanmugam Kirubanandan , Ilangovan Rajangam
Published: February 2024

This study was done to prove the environmental application of copper nanoparticles, particularly theantimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The root extract ofAsparagus racemosus was used to synthesize copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) via biosynthesis. Cu-NPs were characterizedusing a UV-Visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electronmicroscopy. The antibacterial activity of Cu-NPs was studied by treating nanoparticles with two bacterial pathogens,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The biosynthesized copper nanoparticles displayed satisfactoryantibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens. Antioxidant and antidiabetic assays were performed via the enzymeinhibition property. The biosynthesized Cu-NPs exhibited a satisfactory antifouling function to eradicate algae growth.
Establishment of Chain Library Based on UG
Authors: Han Lixi , Zhong Peipei
Published: February 2024

Sprocket chain drive is a common transmission mode in mechanical engineering that is widely used. However,due to the complexity of sprocket chain manufacturing, the three-dimensional design and motion simulation and analysisusing modern engineering software are time-consuming, and a great deal of calculations are needed. Therefore, it is ofgreat significance to develop a sprocket chain reuse library based on the modern engineering software Unigraphics. Amongthem, the sprocket design library was designed many years ago and published relevant papers (establishment of sprocketparametric modeling and reuse library based on UG). Therefore, this time, the chain reuse library is mainly establishedfor sleeve roller chains that meet the national standard (GB/t1243-2006), With the sprocket reuse library, 3D models canbe established and assembled rapidly. The system was proven to be efficient and reliable through numerous engineeringdesign verifications. This system makes engineering design, 3D assembly, and motion simulation easier and provides areference for the development of other complex computing systems.
Current State of Sexual Rights Protection for Male Minors in China
Authors: Li Shaoshuai
Published: February 2024

This research paper provides an overview of the current state of sexual rights protection for male minors inChina and makes recommendations to strengthen existing protection mechanisms. It examines the legal framework,the prevalence of sexual offenses, and the current state of sex education in the context of the rights of male minors. Byanalyzing these aspects, the paper aims to reveal the challenges and opportunities for strengthening the protection of thesexual rights of this vulnerable group.
Gender Identity Construction of Mother in A Woman’s Story Based on Social Identity Theory
Authors: Tang Jun , Wang Ranran
Published: February 2024

Papers on A Woman’s Story are mainly about the novel’s narrative strategies and writing techniques, mostly onanalyzing the static features rather than the dynamic characteristics of the novel. According to the theory of social identity,identity construction is a spontaneous process driven by individual self-esteem, with social mobility as one of its commonidentity construction strategies. As spatial mobility is a metaphorical expression of social mobility, which also could beregarded as the active choice and practice of Mother’s identity determination, we explored the corresponding changes inMother’s clothing and cognitive information based on her space mobility through her life. We then analyzed the awakeningof her identity consciousness and the processes involved in her identity construction. The dilemma and breakthroughof identity construction, represented by Ernaux’s mother, in the spatial mobility of marginalized individuals living in20th-century French society, were expounded. Thus, we excavated the correlation between spatial mobility and identityconstruction.
STATE OF ART ON MICROSTRIP RESONATORS, FILTERS, DIPLEXERS AND TRIPLEXERS
Authors: Mezaal Yaqeen S.
Published: February 2024

In today's world, communication is essential for various aspects of life. From military operations and medical systems to community networks, communication plays a crucial role in ensuring the smooth functioning of these applications. With the advancement of technology, communication has become more efficient and has significantly reduced the barriers of distance, bringing people and nations closer together. One of the key components of modern communication systems is microstrip devices. These devices are used in a wide range of applications, including filters, diplexers, and triplexers. Filters are used to selectively allow certain frequencies to pass through while blocking others, making them essential for signal processing and interference reduction in communication systems. Diplexers and triplexers are used to combine or separate multiple signals, allowing for more efficient use of the available frequency spectrum. This article aims to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art microstrip devices used in communication systems. It will review previous studies and advancements in the field, providing insights into the latest developments and technologies. By understanding the current state of research and development in microstrip devices, engineers and researchers can gain valuable knowledge to improve the performance and efficiency of communication systems. Furthermore, the article will explore the potential applications of microstrip devices in various communication systems, such as satellite communications, wireless networks, and radar systems. Understanding the capabilities and limitations of these devices will be crucial for optimizing their performance in different scenarios. Overall, this article will serve as a comprehensive resource for anyone interested in the role of microstrip devices in communication systems. Delving into the scope of filters, diplexers, and triplexers, will provide valuable insights into the advancements and potential future developments in this important area of technology.
HARNESSING CLOUD OF THING AND FOG COMPUTING IN IRAQ: ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATICS SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Q Mohammed
Published: February 2024

This article provides an overview of cloud computing and fog computing, as well as a discussion of the potential applications of these technologies in Iraq. The ability of cloud computing to provide scalable and adaptable computer resources on demand has led to a significant uptick in interest in this computing model all around the world. However, fog computing improves cloud computing by moving computation to devices that are positioned on the edge of a network. This research investigates the up-to-date applications of cloud computing and fog computing in Iraq, as well as the challenges that have been faced and the potential applications of these technologies in the future, particularly in the areas of agriculture, transportation, and healthcare. The use of questionnaires in research will be the topic of discussion in this study. This is made up of two different parts that work separately. In the first part of our survey, we ask respondents questions about their level of expertise with direct and indirect cloud on object and fog computing. The remaining aspects of the investigation are dissected in Part 2 of the study. These inquiries are in accordance with concerns regarding the complexity of the implementation process, the size and culture of an organization, practicability, compliance with legislation, compatibility with current systems, and support from the government. The final open-ended inquiry of the survey will assist us in compiling a wide variety of opinions on the types of cloud-on-object and fog computing services that are required by the Iraqi government.
FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF WAVE PROPAGATION IN IMPERFECT CYLINDER MATERIALS
Authors: Anitha L
Published: February 2024

This work provides a theoretical framework to investigate the shear wave propagation properties within an Electrostrictive cylindrical layered structure. The structure is made up of a concentric, Functionally Assessed Electrostrictive Material (FAEM) cylindrical layer of limited width and an inadequately bonded Electrostrictive material cylinder. The FAEM layer has a constant functional gradient in the radial direction, and flaws at the interface are taken seriously, mirroring actual circumstances involving structural and electrical degradation. The fundamental electromechanical connected Bessel's equations are used to simplify field differential equations by mathematical modifications. Relationships for shear wave propagation under electrically short and open circumstances are established analytically. The acquired findings are verified against predefined standards and a particular issue instance. The impact of variables on the phase velocity of shear waves, including functional range and imperfection parameters, is shown through numerical simulations and graphical displays. The research also establishes boundaries for electrically short and open circumstances, taking into account the shear defect that exists between the inner and outer cylindrical layers.