bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy as Adjuvant Therapy in Nasopharyngeal Cancer : A Literature Review
Authors: Djatiwidodo Djatiwidodo Edi Pratiknyo
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) may not be widely known. In Indonesia itself, the HBOT application was first carried out in 1960 by the Indonesian Navy Marine Health Institute / Lembaga Kesehatan Kelautan TNI AL (Lakesla) in collaboration with the Naval Central Hospital (Rumah Sakit Pusat Angkatan Laut / RSPAL) Dr. Ramelan Surabaya, where until now the facility is still the largest in Indonesia. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was first introduced by Behnke in 1930. At that time hyperbaric oxygen therapy was only given to divers to relieve symptoms of decompression sickness (Caisson's Disease)1. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a treatment method using high pressure oxygen, where the pressure used is higher than atmospheric pressure (more than 1 atm). High pressure oxygen therapy methods are currently widely used as adjuvant therapy for various pathological conditions associated with hypoxic and/or ischemic conditions. The standard procedure for HBOT is to inhale pure oxygen (100% O2) using a pressure between 1.5 and 2.5 atmospheres absolute (ATA) by mask or by endotracheal tube which is the sum of the atmospheric pressure and the gauge pressure in a hyperbaric chamber2–4.
PROFIL DAN ETIOLOGI FLUOR ALBUS DI POLIKLINIK OBSTETRI-GINEKOLOGI RSPAL DR. RAMELAN SURABAYA
Authors: Sudiarta I Ketut Edy
Published: March 2023

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang.  Sepanjang hidup hampir setiap wanita pernah mengalami keputihan. Angka kejadiannya belum diketahui secara pasti, tetapi WHO melaporkan 75% wanita pernah mengalami keputihan, sedangkan 25% wanita Eropa  dilaporkan pernah mengalami keputihan. Di Indonesia sekitar 90% wanita berpotensi mengalami keputihan. Kenyataannya memang  tidak semua kasus keputihan merupakan keadaan patologis. Keputihan yang bersifat patologis sebagian besar disebabkan oleh Gardnerella vaginalis, Trikomonas, kandida albikan, Neisseria gonorrhoea, Chlamydia trachomatis.

Tujuan : Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profile dan sebaran kuman kasus fluor albus di poliklinik Obstetric-Ginekologi Rumah Sakit Pusat Angkatan Laut DR. Ramelan Surabaya Periode Oktober 2019 sampai Desember 2021.

Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif, dengan menggunakan total sampling yang diambil dari rekam medis pasien yang terdiagnosis fluor albus.

Hasil : Selama kurun waktu penelitian didapatkan  49 sampel dengan frekuensi terbanyak adalah usia produktif masing-masing 20 orang (41%) yaitu masing-masing pada kelompok usia  35 – 44 tahun dan 45 – 54 tahun, pendidikan SMA sebanyak 26 orang (53%),31 sampel (63%) ibu rumah tangga,  41 orang (84%) multipara, dan hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopik dari swab vaginaadalah Haemophylus vaginalis sebanyak 17 orang (35%).

Kesimpulan : Profile dan gambaran mikroskopik  dari 49 sampel penelitian didapatkan mayoritas pada kelompok usia 35 – 44 tahun dan 45 – 54 tahun masing-masing 20%, pendidikan SMA 53%, ibu rumah tangga 63%, multipara 84%, dan hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopik  swab vagina adalah Haemophylus vaginalis.
KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN LEIOMYOMA UTERI PADA MASYARAKAT PESISIR DI LUMAJANG TAHUN 2019-2021
Authors: Al Bashor Arifin Alief Qobidh
Published: March 2023

Leiomyoma uteri merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan reproduksi perempuan yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap morbiditas dan kualitas hidup pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan karakteristik pasien leiomyoma uteri pada masyarakat pesisir di RSUD dr. Haryoto Lumajang periode 2019-2021. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain observasional, menggunakan pendekatan retrospectif pada periode Januari 2019 sampai dengan Desember  tahun 2021. Pengambilan data sekunder sesuai kriteria inklusi, dilakukan pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan September 2022 di RSUD dr. Haryoto Lumajang. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada peningkatan kasus leiomyoma uteri masyarakat pesisir yang dirawat di RSUD dr. Haryoto Lumajang terdapat peningkatan sejumlah 6 orang  (20%) tahun 2020, menjadi 10 orang (33%) tahun 2021. Karakteristik pasien diantaranya, faktor usia yang sebagian besar usia reproduksi >40 tahun (73,4%), paritas primipara dan nullipara (53,3%), penggunaan kontrasepsi/ KB Pil Kombinasi dan Suntik 1 bulan (34%), IMT 25-29,9 atau obesitas tingkat 1 (34%).

Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa karakteristik pasien leiomyoma uteri masyarakat pesisir di RSUD dr. Haryoto Lumajang sebagian menunjukkan adanya faktor risiko memicu terjadinya kasus tersebut, diantaranya faktor usia, paritas, penggunaan KB dan BB/ IMT. Perlu adanya informasi kesehatan secara berkala terutama tentang kesehatan reproduksi untuk deteksi awal terjadinya leiomyoma uteri dan juga kasus reproduksi lain seperti dengan pemeriksaan IVA (Inspection Visual with Acetic acid).
Perbedaan Manifestasi Klinis Kejang Demam Pada Anak Anemia dengan Tanpa Anemia di RSPAL dr. Ramelan Surabaya Tahun 2019-2022
Authors: - Delia
Published: March 2023

Study aims: Febrile seizures are the most common neurological disorder in children. The incidence of febrile seizures is related to the incidence of epilepsy at 2-4% in the future and the probability of recurrence is about 30% and 50% after the first and second febrile seizures, respectively. Several recent studies have suggested that febrile seizures are more common in children with anemia. Anemia patients who experience febrile seizures can cause more severe clinical manifestations. Where 40.5% of the incidence of anemia in Indonesia occurs in children under the age of 5 years. Therefore, this study is conducted to determine the differences of the clinical manifestations of febrile seizures with and without anemia in children at RSPAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya on 2019-2022.

Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study approach and qualitative methods from secondary medical record data of infants and children aged 6 months-5 years at RSPAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya for the period May 2019-May 2022. The number of samples in this study was 82 samples.

Results: The characteristics of the sample which experiences the most febrile seizures occurres between the ages of 6-18 months, the gender of male with a temperature >38°C and manifestations in the form of simple febrile seizures. In addition, the results of the fisher exact test with a significance level of 5% shows p = 0.96 which means there is no difference in the clinical manifestations of febrile seizures in anemic and non-anemic children.

Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that based on the classification of febrile seizures, the most common clinical manifestations that occur in children with anemia and without anemia are simple febrile seizures. So that there is no difference in the clinical manifestations of febrile seizures in anemic children and without anemia.
Mekânın Folkloru: Ticari İşletmelerin Duvar Dekorasyonunda Kültürel Unsurların Yeri (Erzurum İli Örneği)
Authors: DAŞTAN Nihangül
Published: March 2023

Kent folkloru kavramı halkbilimi alanında 1970’li yıllardan itibaren önemli inceleme konularından biri durumuna gelmiştir. Sanayileşme, küreselleşme ve bununla beraber gelişen hızlı kentleşme halkbiliminin yönünü kırsal alanlardan kente döndürmesine zemin hazırlamıştır. Folklor terimi, halk felsefesini, halk fikirlerini ve geleneksel dünya görüşünü yansıtan somut ve somut olmayan her türlü kültürel konuyu bünyesinde barındırır. Kent folkloru çatısı altında da folklorun somut ve somut olmayan unsurları bir bütün olarak değerlendirilmektedir.

Mekân ve mekâna kimlik kazandıran objeler, halk felsefesini yansıtan somut kültürel simgelerdir. Bunlar bir kültürün ihtiyaçlarını, fikirlerini, estetik bakışını, teşkilatlanma tarzını, ekonomisini, halkın hukukunu, inanışlarını, bilgi ve becerilerini, normlarını yansıtır. Halk nesneleri ile somut olmayan kültür birbiri ile uyum içerisinde bir harmoni oluşturur.

Kent hayatının gündelik hayatın akışına eşlik eden önemli mekanlardan birini ticari işletmeler oluşturur. Bu mekanlarda insanlar alışveriş yaparlar. Bu alışveriş sadece tüketim maddelerinden veya hizmetlerden ibaret değildir. İnsan sirkülasyonunun yoğun olduğu bu mekanlar aynı zamanda kültürel alışverişin de gerçekleştirildiği yerlerdir.

Bu çalışmada Erzurum’da faal bulunan ticari işletmelerin duvarlarında yer alan ve halk nesneleri olarak tanımlanabilecek levhaların, duvar yazılarının ve resimlerinin kültürel işlevlerine odaklanılmaktadır. Makale, bu nesnelerin salt aksesuar olmaktan öte anlamlar içerdiğini ve halk felsefesinin somut birer göstergeleri olduğunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla Erzurum il merkezinde ziyaret edilen yaklaşık 350 ticari işletmede yer alan dekoratif nesneler fotoğraflanmış, tasnif edilmiş ve halkbilimi bakış açısı ile analiz edilmiştir.

Yapılan araştırma ile bu nesnelerin somut ve aynı zamanda sözlü olma, geleneğe bağlılık, kalıplaşma, çoğunlukla anonim olma ve çeşitlenme yönleriyle birer folklor ürünü oldukları; eğlenme/eğlendirme, toplumsal kurumlara ve törelere destek verme ve kültürel aktarımı sürdürme işlevlerini üstlendiği; kolektif hafızayı oluşturan sembolik anlamları olan önemli simgeler olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Subjektive gesellschaftliche Handlungsfähigkeit von Arbeiter*innen in Zeiten entsicherter Lohnarbeit
Authors: Hürtgen Stefanie
Published: March 2023

Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert die in der Kritischen Psychologie entwickelte Unterscheidung zwischen restriktiver und verallgemeinerter subjektiver gesellschaftlicher Handlungsfähigkeit mit Blick auf (Lohn-)Arbeiter*innen. Die zentrale These lautet, dass zur Analyse politischer, auf die Gesellschaft gerichteter eingreifender Handlungsfähigkeit die Relation von (Arbeits-)Subjekt und Gesellschaft in den Blick genommen werden muss. Hierbei ist es entscheidend, so zeigt die arbeitssoziologische Forschung, ob aus Arbeiter*innenperspektive betriebliche und gesellschaftliche Verhältnisse überhaupt noch als (kollektiv) gestaltbare, progressiv veränderbare erscheinen oder nicht. Von der Auseinandersetzung um diese Frage hängt nicht nur die Selbstkonstitution als eingreifend-handelndes Subjekt, sondern auch das alltagspraktische Verständnis von der eigenen (Lohn-)Arbeit als für konkrete und abstrakte Andere nützliche, beitragende Tätigkeit ab. Der Beitrag diskutiert die fundamentale Krisenhaftigkeit beider idealtypisch vorgestellten Formen von subjektiver gesellschaftlicher Handlungsfähigkeit als allgemeine, gesellschaftliche Angelegenheit.
Analysis of Microplastic in Holothuria leucospilota (Echinodermata-Holothuroidea) and Sediments from Karachi coast, (Northern Arabian Sea)
Authors: Ahmed Quratulan , Öztekin Ayşah , Ali Qadeer Mohammad , Bat Levent , Shaikh Iqra
Published: March 2023

Microplastics are found in all aquatic environments, and they can have several negative impacts on marine life. In this study, the distribution of microplastics in the sediment and in the organs (gut, respiratory tree, and tentacles) of sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota) collected from Mubarak Village and Cape Monze on the Karachi coast of Pakistan were investigated. The microplastic amount in different organs of H. leucospilota was found as 15.3-40.45 pieces/individual in the gut, 15.45-23.9 pieces/individual in the respiratory tree, 8.9-9.55 pieces/individual in tentacles. The microplastic amount of sediment samples was 57.40-129.35 pieces/kg. Fibers were the dominant microplastic type, up to 99% of all samples. The results of the present study show that the region is contaminated with microplastics both in biota and in sediments.
Determination of the effect of cucumber grafting on some morphological and physiological characteristics in hydroponic conditions
Authors: COŞKUN Ömer Faruk , TOPRAK Seher
Published: March 2023

Due to the benefits and importance of the use of grafted seedlings, the demand for high quality grafted seedlings is increasing. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of rootstocks on some morphological and physiological parameters of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plant under hydroponic growing conditions. In this study, grafted on seven different rootstocks and non-grafted plant characteristics were compared. Non-grafted seedlings were used as control plants. The values measured in at least one grafting application in 9 different morphological and/or physiological parameters among the 12 parameters measured were higher than the non-grafted plants. In leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and root dry weight/fresh weight rate measurements, the values measured in non-grafted plants were not lower than grafted plants. It was determined that Cremna and Devrim rootstocks were effective in terms of shoot length and biomass values, but rootstock use did not have a significant effect in terms of photosynthetic activity. It was concluded that grafting of cucumber plants on different rootstocks may cause significant advantages in terms of some parameters, but the effects largely depend on the rootstock selection.
Prediction of Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Pregnancy Outcomes Based on Early Second Trimester Ultrasound
Authors: Aksam Slavica , Dotlic Jelena , Kocijancic Belovic Dusica , Marjanovic Cvjeticanin Mirjana , Vukovic Ivana , Mitrovic Milena , Babovic Ivana , Milicevic Srboljub , Plesinac Snezana , Buzadzic Snezana
Published: March 2023

Background: Association between second trimester ultrasound findings and twin pregnancy outcome is still unclear. Study aimed to evaluate the performance of second trimester ultrasound scan in the prediction of monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies outcomes. Methods: Prospective-cohort study of all consecutive healthy women with monochorionic twin pregnancies followed-up and delivered in five years was undertaken. During second trimester screening (16–18 weeks) fetal biometry was measured (biparietal diameter–BPD, abdominal circumference–AC, femur length–FL, estimated fetal weight–EFW) and inter-twin discordance noted. Amniotic fluid amount was determined. Pregnancy outcomes were having live-born twins, Apgar sores and birth-weights, pregnancy complications and gestational week of delivery. Results: Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis showed that BPD (p = 0.018), AC (p = 0.019) and FL (p = 0.015) were good predictors of having live-born twins. Regression analysis showed that the most important factors influencing twins’ survival to term were inter-twin AC, BPD and FL differences. Fetal discordance in BPD, AC and FL explained correctly 76.3%, 76.5% and 58% of pregnancy outcomes. If second trimester inter-twin BPD difference was <2.5 mm, AC difference was <17 mm and FL difference was <1.5 mm survival of twins was better, complications were less frequent, delivery mostly occurred closer to term, twins had higher birth-weights and better Apgar scores. Second trimester EFW of twin and its difference as well as the amniotic fluid amount were not associated with examined pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions: Discordant twins’ growth in the second trimester registered by ultrasound reliably implies on adverse monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy outcome.
Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Hysterectomy versus Conventional Laparoscopic Hysterectomy for Endometrial Cancer at a Regional Institution: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hiratsuka Daiki , Tsuchiya Akira , Isono Wataru , Honda Michiko , Tsuchiya Hiroko , Matsuyama Reiko , Fujimoto Akihisa , Nishii Osamu
Published: March 2023

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries, such as laparoscopic and robotic surgeries, have been the main treatment methods for stage I endometrial cancer instead of laparotomy. However, minimally invasive surgeries for malignant tumors have not yet been established in many rural hospitals or hospitals with few gynecologists. This study aimed to investigate whether laparoscopic or robotic surgery for stage I endometrial cancer is more sustainable and useful at a rural hospital where a single non-laparoscopic-specialized surgeon performs oncologic surgery and provides outpatient care. Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted at our hospital. The study enrolled 65 patients with endometrial cancer who underwent robotic-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy (RALH) or total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH). We compared surgical outcomes such as patient background, operation time, blood loss, and other indices. Results: Exactly 34 patients underwent robotic surgery, and 31 underwent laparoscopic surgery. No severe adverse events required reoperation, conversion to laparotomy, or ureteral injury during either operation. The operation time decreased in patients who underwent robotic surgery compared with those who underwent laparoscopic surgery (193 (140–227) vs. 253 (219–287) min, p < 0.001). In addition, the blood loss volume decreased by half in patients who underwent robotic surgery compared to those who underwent laparoscopic surgery. Significantly more operations were completed by two operators rather than three operators at robotic surgery compared to laparoscopic surgery (59% vs. 26%, p = 0.007). The hospitalization days were 1.5 days shorter in the robotic surgery group than in the laparoscopic surgery group (p < 0.001). Exactly 18 patients underwent robotic surgery with pelvic lymphadenectomy, and 26 underwent laparoscopic surgery with pelvic lymphadenectomy. Patients who underwent robotic surgery required less operation time than those who underwent laparoscopic surgery (226 (199–246) vs. 261 (236–287) min, p = 0.001). Conclusions: In the surgical treatment of stage I endometrial cancer, robotic surgery was associated with a significantly shorter operation time, shorter hospital stay, and no obvious complications. This study proposes that robotic surgery is a promising solution for the sustainable introduction of minimally invasive surgery for stage I endometrial cancer in rural hospitals or hospitals with few gynecologists.
Effect of Intradermal Sterile Water Injection on Labor Experiences: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Mamuk Rojjin , Şahin Nevin Hotun
Published: March 2023

Background: Sterile water injection is rapidly gaining popularity as a method of pain relief in labor. The purpose of this single-blinded randomized controlled study is to investigate the effect of intradermal sterile water injection (ISWI) on labor experiences of women who experience low-back pain during labor. Methods: The sample group of the study was 120 pregnant women with severe low-back pain during labor (30-sterile water, 30-saline solution, 60-control). In the study, the baseline low back pain score (>7) was determined with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in the ISWI group and then 0.1 mL sterile water made to form 4 small blebs 1 over each posterior superior iliac spine and 2 others placed 3 cm below and 1 cm medial to each of the first sites (Michaelis Rhomboid). The VAS scoring were repeated at 10–30–60–90 and 120th minutes after the injections. In the saline solution group, injection of 0.1 mL saline solution was made with the same procedure. Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) were utilized to determine the effect of injections on participants’ labor experiences. Also participants’ satisfaction with the method was evaluated via Intradermal injections assessment form. Results: There was a significant difference between the mean VAS scores in favor of the ISWI group (p < 0.05). Also comparisons indicated significant differences in favor of the ISWI group in terms of both CEQ total mean score and women’s thoughts about injections (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that ISWI was effective in relieving low-back pain during labor and the technique had positive effects on labor experiences.
Review Of Electricity Subsidies In Indonesia 2015-2020
Authors: Hanan Naufal Noor , Fuady Muhammad Syahrul
Published: March 2023

To meet the adequacy of electricity needs and help people's purchasing power, the government through the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN) provides cheap and affordable electricity services for certain segments of society every year. Electricity subsidies are assistance provided by the government to consumers in the form of electricity tariffs that are lower than their economic tariffs. The difference between the subsidized tariff and the economic tariff is borne by the Government, which is then paid to PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PT PLN Persero). This research will review the burden of subsidy spending that must be borne by the government and the journey of electricity subsidy reform on target. In addition, it will also review the role of electricity as an instrument in handling COVID-19 in 2020. Based on data on the realization of electricity subsidy spending for the last 5 years which have been audited (2015-2020), it can be seen that starting in 2015 there was a decline in spending as policy reforms began. more targeted electricity subsidies. However, since 2018 electricity subsidies have again increased due to one of the reasons for the increase in the cost of providing electricity (BPP) of electricity in FY 2018 compared to FY 2017 and a significant increase in the number of 450 VA customers. In 2020, an increase in electricity subsidies also occurred due to the electricity discount policy for certain groups of people and business entities as part of handling the impact of COVID-19.
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection, a multifactorial disease: insights from a center experience
Authors: Oliveira Cátia , Vasconcelos Natália , Abreu Glória , Braga Carlos , Costa João , Marques Jorge
Published: March 2023

Background: Although it is a poorly known disease, spontaneous coronary artery dissection is an important and frequently underdiagnosed cause of non-atherosclerotic acute coronary syndrome, particularly in women. The objective of this study was to characterize a consecutive sample of patients diagnosed with spontaneous coronary artery dissection with respect to predisposing and precipitating factors; clinical and angiographic presentation; management; occurrence of adverse cardiac events; recurrence; and de novo spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Methods: Longitudinal, observational, retrospective, single-centre study, including patients diagnosed with spontaneous coronary artery dissection (n=60) admitted between January 2010 and December 2020. Results: Median age was 55 years, and 83% were women. Most patients (60%) presented without any or just one cardiovascular risk factor. Non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction accounted for 67% of clinical presentations. The most frequently affected coronary artery was the left anterior descending (47%). Most lesions (77%) appeared on angiography as type 2 spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Conservative management was chosen as the initial approach in most patients (72%). The overall incidence of de novo spontaneous coronary artery dissection was not significantly different among patients initially managed with revascularization as compared to conservative treatment (p=0.953). However, spontaneous coronary artery dissection recurrence occurred in the originally involved vessel in 3 of 15 patients initially managed with revascularization, as compared to only one among 43 patients treated conservatively (p<0.05). Conclusion: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection occurs more often in young women. Non- ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction was the most frequent clinical presentation involving mainly the left anterior descending artery. Revascularization did not protect from recurrence.
Probabilistic risk calculation for chemical mixtures: environmental risk of pharmaceuticals under future scenarios
Authors: Welch Samuel A , Grung Merete , Madsen Anders L. , Moe S. Jannicke
Published: March 2023

Preparing for tomorrow’s environmental issues requires understanding of how risks will evolve with time. Current regulatory models of environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals make a conservative prediction of present risk, without considering interactions with global change or presenting uncertainty transparently. In this paper, we present a prototype object-oriented Bayesian network for the prediction of risk for 6 pharmaceuticals across 36 spatial, temporal, population growth and infrastructure scenarios. We compare individual and combined distributions of Risk Quotients across the scenarios. Our results suggest that risk posed would be greatest in rural regions, especially under larger population growth scenarios, but that improved wastewater treatment infrastructure could mitigate risk. We demonstrate the added value of a joint probability of risk threshold exceedance approach, to summed Risk Quotients. With this prototype, we have developed a large-scale probabilistic model and shown its value in forecasting risk, including via an alternative approach to combining individual risks.
Dynamically learning the meaning of deceptive cues about pain
Authors: Hird Emily , Charalambous Christiana , El-Deredy Wael , Jones Anthony K. P. , Talmi Deborah
Published: March 2023

Beliefs influence the intensity of felt pain. We previously applied regression models to two independent pain-cueing datasets (https://osf.io/5r6z7/) and found that pain intensity reports were a function of the error between participants’ belief, as determined by cues that informed participants about the level of forthcoming noxious stimulation, and the actual stimulation intensity, such that greater error decreased the influence of prior beliefs. Although this result appeared to present a challenge to established models of perception, our analysis did not formally compare the result against established computational models. This made it difficult to assess the validity of our results against the wider literature and we could not explain why the effect of information cues changed over the course of the task. In the current study (https://osf.io/fj27k/) we compared a model that corresponded to our original interpretation where pain ratings were considered a function of prediction error size, against Bayesian reinforcement learning models. Pain ratings were best explained by a model in which the expected value of each information cue was updated via a Bayesian reinforcement learning algorithm. These new results indicate that deception pain studies should not assume that participants’ belief about the information they are given is fixed. Rather, our results provide evidence that the meaning of cues change dynamically over the course of the session through trial-by-trial updates, even when participants are instructed otherwise.
The common effect of value on prioritized memory and category representation
Authors: Cushman Fiery Andrews , Knobe Joshua
Published: March 2023

The way we represent categories depends on both the frequency and value of the category’s members. Thus, for instance, the “prototype” of a category tends to have especially common and valuable features. Notably, recent research on memory suggests that we tend to prioritize memory for frequent and valuable things. Although work on conceptual representation and work on prioritized memory have thus far proceeded almost entirely independently, the patterns of existing findings provide evidence for a link between these two phenomena. In particular, these patterns provide evidence for the hypothesis that the impact of value on prioritized memory explains the impact of value on conceptual representation.
The Construction of Racial Stereotypes and How They Serve as Racial Propaganda
Authors: Melson-Silimon Arturia T , Spivey Briana N. , Skinner-Dorkenoo Allison Louise
Published: March 2023

In social psychology, stereotypes have generally been viewed as overgeneralized beliefs about social groups in society. Although stereotypes—especially those that are negative—tend to be recognized as contributing to prejudice and discrimination of marginalized communities, they are often conceptualized as containing a “kernel of truth.” Meanwhile, there has been relatively little consideration of the historical and cultural origins of racial stereotypes. This is an important oversight given that stereotypes have and continue to be used as a means to excuse and reinforce the systemic oppression of communities of color. Thus, the current paper uses a historical framework to review major stereotypes that have targeted communities of color throughout U.S. history, with a focus on stereotypes of Black people. In doing so, we conceptualize racial stereotypes as propaganda that have historically functioned to support oppressive societal systems in the U.S. by both (a) shaping public perceptions and expectations and (b) by influencing the thoughts and behavior of members of stereotyped groups. By situating stereotypes within their historical and cultural frames, readers can recognize the way stereotypes reinforce systems of oppression. We conclude with research implications and encourage stereotyping scholars to foreground the social construction of stereotypes and the function that they serve by contextualizing their work in the social and historical context in which stereotypes emerged.
All I Do Is Win, Win, Win No Matter What? Pre-Game Anxiety and Experience predict Athletic Performance in the NBA
Authors: Gruda Dritjon , Ojo Adegboyega
Published: March 2023

In this study, we examine the relationship between anxiety and athletic performance, measuring pre-game anxiety in a corpus of 12,228 tweets of 81 National Basketball Association (NBA) players using an anxiety inference algorithm, and match this data with certified NBA individual player game performance data. We found a positive relationship between pre-game anxiety and athletic performance, which was moderated by both player experience and minutes played on the court. This paper serves to demonstrate the use case for using machine learning to label publicly available micro-blogs of players which can be used to form important discrete emotions, such as pre-game anxiety, which in turn can predict athletic performance in elite sports. Based on the results, we discuss these findings and outline recommendations for athletes, teams, team leaders, coaches, and managers.
New study investigates the impact of Amazonian ayahuasca retreats on veterans, assessing its effect on brainwaves, the genome, gut microbiome and mental health
Authors: Ruffell Simon
Published: March 2023

New study investigates the impact of Amazonian ayahuasca retreats on veterans, assessing its effect on brainwaves, the genome, gut microbiome and mental health
Effectiveness of Pyridostigmine and Pyridoxine in Vinca AlkaloidInduced Cranial Neuropathy – A Case Series
Authors: Gupta Aparajita , Roy Shuvendu , Paul Prateep
Published: March 2023

The neurotoxicity of the vinca alkaloids in the form of peripheral neuropathy is well known, however, cranial neuropathy is not widely recognized especially in children. We describe here in three children with malignancies who developed vinca alkaloid induced cranial nerve palsies during treatment which resolved on institution of pyridoxine and pyridostigmine. Vinca-alkaloid-induced cranial nerve palsies represent a potentially dangerous but reversible condition.
Chicken meat quality raised in an integrated organic production system
Authors: Ahn Dong U. , Xiao Shulan
Published: March 2023

This work aimed to evaluate and compare the meat quality of chicken raised by traditional confinement (CR) and integrated (FR) conditions. Eighty chickens (40 for each group) were slaughtered, and parts yield, chemical composition, and meat quality parameters were measured. There was no significant difference in parts yield. Protein content in the breast of the CR group was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of the FR group. The ash content of chicken thighs in the FR group was significantly higher than in the CR group. The cooked chicken breast from the FR group was significantly more tender than that from the CR group. The TBARS values of breast and thigh meats on the sixth day after grinding did not differ between CR and FR groups. However, the chickens raised in the FR had better appearance (color), fatty acids composition, and tenderness perspective than those in the CR system. All these results indicated that the plant-animal integrated system is a good alternative to the traditional confinement production system that can enhance farm diversity, land use efficiency, and sustainability of farm agriculture.
Farklı Seramik Takviyeli Al Alaşım Matrisli Nanokompozitlerin Mekanik ve Korozyon Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KARABACAK Abdullah Hasan , ÇANAKÇI Aykut
Published: March 2023

Alüminyum metal matrisli kompozitler uçak, uzay, otomotiv ve savunma sanayi gibi birçok dalda kullanılan malzemelerdir. Araştırmacılar birçok çalışmada metal matrisli kompozitlere farklı takviyeleri mikro boyutta ekleyerek araştırmışlardır. Bu çalışmada ise, nano boyutta B4C ve SiC takviyeleri ayrı ayrı ve birlikte alüminyum metal matrisli kompozitlere ilave edilerek nanokompozit ve hibrit nanokompozit numuneler toz metalurjisi yöntemi ile üretilmiştir. B4C ve SiC takviye türünün nanokompozitlerin ve hibrit nanokompozitin mekanik ve korozyon davranışı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Mekanik testler sonucu takviye türü ne olursa olsun sertlik ve eğme mukavemeti değerleri artmıştır. En yüksek sertlik (209.9 HB) ve eğme mukavemeti (799.2 MPa) değerleri ağırlıkça %5 B4C takviyeli nanokompozit numune göstermiştir. En düşük porozite değeri ise takviyesiz Al 2024 alaşım numunesine aittir. Korozyon testi sonuçlarına göre ise en düşük akım yoğunluğuna sahip numune Al 2024-B4C (0.53 A/cm2x10-6) nanokompozitidir ve ayrıca takviyesiz Al 2024 numunesinin (46.12 A/cm2x10-6) akım yoğunluğundan yaklaşık 87 kat daha düşüktür.
Comportamentos problemas em idosos com transtorno neurocognitivo maior
Authors: Aggio Natalia
Published: March 2023

Problemas de comportamento são comuns em indivíduos com transtorno neurocognitivo maior (TNM) e estão associados à altos níveis de estresse dos cuidadores e à decisão sobre institucionalização desses idosos. Apesar de sua importância, existem poucos artigos sobre avaliações em manejo de comportamentos problemas envolvendo a população idosa, com referencial analítico comportamental. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar um levantamento bibliográfico nas base de dados PsycInfo e Scielo acerca de pesquisas empíricas em Análise do Comportamento Aplicada sobre avaliação e manejo de comportamentos problemas em idosos com TNM, publicadas em revistas com avaliação por pares. A busca pelas palavras chave resultou em 73 artigos, dos quais 15 foram considerados para análise. Os comportamentos alvo envolveram vocalizações disruptivas; agressão física ou verbal; deambulação; e outros. As pesquisas apresentaram intervenções eficazes para redução de comportamentos problemas. Foram discutidas questões acerca das avaliações, assim como da viabilidade de implementação das intervenções.
Comparison Between Classical Masks and (Odd and Even) Groups Masks for Mycosis Fungoides Disease Skin Image Edges Detection
Authors: Al-Fayadh Ali Hassan , Mohammed Hind Rostom , Kadham Shaymaa Maki
Published: March 2023

In the present paper, a comparisonÂ  between classical masks and (odd and even) masks groups for Mycosis Fungoides disease Skin image edges detection is performed.The goal is to extract the information known in the image because it is vital to understand the image content as the proposed approach is the comparative edge by masks classical and a new set Â of Groups Â masks (odd and even ) which consist of 10 masks. TheÂ  database consists of 40 images reprints different Â stage of the Mycosis Fungoides disease Skin images 10 images for each stage. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed system. and confirm the effectiveness of the proposed(odd and even) Groups masks.
Fuzzy - Î±â€“ space
Authors: Khudayir Alyaa Yousif
Published: March 2023

In this paper , we introduce the definition ofÂ  Â Fuzzy- Î±â€“ Â space andits Â some propositionÂ  aboutÂ Â  this subject .Â
On A Class Of P - Valent Functions Defined By Integral Operator
Authors: Buti Rafid Habib , Fadhel Mustafa Abbas
Published: March 2023

In this paper , we study a new class Â of p-valent functions with negative coefficient defined byÂ Â  integral operator in the unit disk . We obtain some results of this class .
Solving Parabolic Partial Delay Differential Equations Using The Explicit Method And Higher Order Differences
Authors: Haydar Amal Khalaf
Published: March 2023

In this paper we use the higher order differences for second order (derivative) Â in solvingÂ  parabolic partial delay differential equations by using the explicit method and we get results are more closer to the exact values than the results which can be obtained if the familiar second order (derivative) form is used.Â  Finally ,we make a comparison using Matlab Â between theÂ  results through two Â tables of values form [ 3] which results fromÂ  Taylor series expansions of a function centered on the grid point Â . In this paper, we use the higher order differences for second order instead of the familiar form for solving the parabolic delay differential equations .
A Comparison Between the Bayesian and the Classical Estimators of Weibull Distribution
Authors: Alabadee Fadhil abdulabaas , Al â€“ Mayali Yahya Mahdi , Neama Irtifaa AbulKadhum
Published: March 2023

In this paper ,we study estimation of two parameters of Weibull distribution .Methods of estimation used are maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and Bayes. We compared the numerical results by simulation in MATLAB program. The comparison show that the Bayes estimator gives the best results ( less error) .Â
On A Subclass Of P- Valent Functions With Negative Coefficsients Defined By Integral Operator By Applying Fourier Series I
Authors: Buti Rafid Habib
Published: March 2023

In this paper , we introduced a new subclass Â which consists of analytic and valent functions with negative coefficients in the unit disk defined by integral operator . We obtain coefficient estimates and some results including applications of Fourier series .Â
An Approach for Solving Missing Values in Data Set Using Clustering-Curve Fitting Technique
Authors: AlJanabi Kadhim AlJanabi , Habeebi Mansoor Habeebi , Neamah Nawras Riyadh
Published: March 2023

Missing values in data sets represent one of the greatest challenge in analyzing data to extract knowledge from the data set. The work in this paper presents a new approach for solving the missing values problems by using and merging two different techniques; clustering (K-means and Expectation Maximization) and curve fitting. More than twenty thousand records of real health data set collected from different Iraqi hospitals were used to create and test the proposed approach that showed better results than the most popular techniques for estimation missing values such as most common values, overall overage, class average, and class most common values. Different software were used in the proposed work including WEKA (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis), Matlab, Excel and C++.
CHROMATICITY OF WHEELS WITH MISSING THREE SPOKES
Authors: Khalaf Abdul Jalil M. , Shaaban Hind R.
Published: March 2023

All graph consider here are simple graphs. For a graph G, Let V(G) and E(G) be the vertex set and a edge set of graph G, respectively. The order of G is denoted by v(G), and the size of G by e(G), i.e. v(G)=|V(G)| and e(G) = |E(G)|. Let P(G,Î») (or simply P(G)) denote the chromatic polynomial of graph G. Two graphs G and H are called chromatically equivalent if P(G)=P(H), and G is called chromatically unique if P(G)=P(H) implies H isomorphic to G for any graph H [9]. A wheel W_n is a graph obtained by taking the join of K_1 and the cycle C_(n-1), edges which join K_1 to the vertices of C_(n-1) are called the spokes [2]. Let W_n be wheel of order n and let W(n,k) be the graph obtained from W_n by deleting all but k consecutive spokes, where nâ‰¥4 and 1â‰¤kâ‰¤ n â€“ 1. Chia [2] showed that W(n,n-2) is chromatically unique for any even integers nâ‰¥6. In [1], W(5,3) was proved to be chromatically unique. Dong and Li, [5], proved that for any odd integer nâ‰¥9,W(n,n-2) is chromatically unique, and just one graph, ( shown in Fig.1(b)) is chromatically equivalent to W(7,5), and is not isomorphic to it. It is easy to check that W(4,1) and W(5,2) are chromatically unique.
On The Stability Of Fixed Points In Topological Spaces
Authors: Hamza Abedal-Hamza Mahdi , Y Mohammed Faris
Published: March 2023

In this papers we introduced new concepts of stability: strongly stable, c-stable, and c-strongly stable. We discussed the stability of fixed points with respect to each of a topology and a base for that topology. We obtained that if a fixed point is stable (strongly stable, c-stable, strongly c- stable respectively) with respect to a base for a topology, then it is stable (strongly stable, c-stable, strongly c- stable respectively) with respect to that topology
Fuzzy Semi Compact and Fuzzy Semi Coercive Mappings
Authors: Abdulla Habeeb Kareem , Musa Zainab Omran
Published: March 2023

In this paper ,we introduce the concept of fuzzy semi compact and fuzzy semi coercive mappings in fuzzy topological spaces ,Wediscuss several characterizations and some interesting properties of these mappings. Also, we explain the relation between fuzzy semi compact mapping and fuzzy semi coercive mapping.
On 3-prime ideal with respect to an element of a near ring
Authors: Ibrahem Showq M.
Published: March 2023

In this paper ,we introduce the notions 3- prime ideal with respect to an element x denoted by (x-3-prime ideal ) of a near ring and the 3-prime ideal near ring with respect to an element x denoted by (x-3-prime ideal near ring ) ,and we studied the image and inverse image of x-3-prime ideal under epimomorphism and the direct product of x-3-prime ideal of near ring .
EU:s utrikespolitiska åtgärder till stöd för demokrati i en ny geopolitisk verklighet: Policydokument
Authors:   International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA)
Published: March 2023

Detta policydokument ger en kortfattad sammanfattning av den fullständiga rapporten: The EU’s External Democracy Policy in a New Geopolitical Reality: Recommendations Report [EU:s utrikespolitiska åtgärder till stöd för demokrati i en ny geopolitisk verklighet]. Syftet är att inspirera EU:s framtida demokratipolitik för att garantera att denna ska kunna försvara demokratin globalt och på hemmaplan i linje med EU:s uttalade avsikt att bli en starkare geopolitisk aktör. En sådan förändring är berättigad och nödvändig med tanke på upptrappningen av geopolitisk oro, auktoritära tendenser och de senaste attackerna på demokratins grundvalar å ena sidan, och ger ett positivt svar på den efterföljande politiska dynamiken å andra sidan.
Serum Cystatin C as a Predictor of Acute Kidney Transplant Rejection
Authors: Shamkhi Fadhil B. , Ali Ala Sh. , El-Yassin Hedef D.
Published: March 2023

Background: Accurate and rapid assessment of allograft function is essential. Cystatin C has recently been proposed as an alternative marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Its diagnostic value for the longitudinal assessment of graft function has not been addressed well.Objective: To study the validity of cystatin C as an early marker and predictor of acute transplant rejection in the first week post transplantation.Subjects and Methods: Sixty six renal transplants recipients recruited. The study conducted in four renal transplantation centers in Baghdad for the period from September to December 2011. Serum creatinine and cystatin C concentrations measured 48 hours before transplantation and day 3 and 7 post transplantation.Results: Serum Cystatin C observed to significantly increased at day 3 (p<0.0001) and still increased at day 7 in the rejection. On day 3 areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were 0.749 for creatinine and 0.909 for cystatin C. In patients with acute rejection, serum cystatin C level elevated earlier than serum creatinine.Conclusion: Serum cystatin C seems to be a valuable marker of renal function in the first week post transplantation.
Der Umgang mit tierischen Lebensmitteln im Schulbuch. „Starke Seiten“ – Welche Werte und Normen liegen den Darstellungen zu Produktion und Konsum tierischer Lebensmittel zugrunde?
Authors: Stommel Jonas
Published: March 2023

Eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Produktion und dem Konsum tierischer Lebensmittel ist mit Blick auf die umwelt- und ernährungspolitischen Herausforderungen des 21. Jahrhunderts zwingend notwendig. Das Thema ist unmittelbar mit gesellschaftlichen Wert- und Normvorstellungen verknüpft und somit auch für die Fachdidaktik ein aufschlussreiches Themenfeld.
Zwischen Wunsch und Wirklichkeit. Die Erwerbsbiografie von Ingenieurinnen
Authors: Niersbach Silvia
Published: March 2023

In einem qualitativen Forschungsdesign wird die Erwerbsbiografie von 15 Ingenieurinnen untersucht, die im öffentlichen Dienst tätig sind und Kinder im Alter von maximal sechs Jahren haben. Herausgearbeitet werden die persönlichen Bedürfnisse der Ingenieurin, die für die Gestaltung der Erwerbsbiografie handlungsleitend waren. Es handelt sich um genuine und Familienhaushalt abhängige Bedürfnisse. Letztere können erstere dominieren.
Nachhaltigkeitsbezogene Kompetenzen für die berufliche Bildung – Ein Strukturmodell für die gastronomischen Berufe
Authors: Steinmeier Fara
Published: March 2023

Eine stärkere Berücksichtigung von Nachhaltigkeitsaspekten ist ein erklärtes Ziel der Neuordnung der gastronomischen Berufe. Zudem ist Nachhaltigkeit durch die modernisierte Standardberufsbildposition „Umweltschutz und Nachhaltigkeit“ curricular verankert. In diesem Beitrag wird aufgezeigt, wie nachhaltigkeitsbezogene Kompetenzen in der Gastronomie bestimmt werden können. Damit soll eine Orientierung für die Gestaltung von Lehr-Lernprozessen gegeben werden.
Finding the illuminance levels for walkers in a prominent public park in New Delhi during the post-twilight period for healthy visual comfort, security, and other related parameters.
Authors: Singh Raja
Published: March 2023

This paper measures the illuminance level during the past twilight darkness on the walking path of a famous public park in New Delhi. The readings, 252 in number, were mapped on a map using Global Positioning System and were measured using a lux meter at regular intervals throughout the pathway. The required illuminance depends upon multiple factors, including visual comfort, safety, security, prevention of light pollution and energy-saving concerns. This paper has looked at the measured values and checked whether they fall within the limits of visual comfort derived from literature and security as taken from the s] Indian lighting standard. The readings show that about one-third of the points on the pathway have zero illuminance levels. Among the rest, 127 of the 252, about half the points were at the level of comfort of 1 to 2 lux. The remaining one-third of the total were over-illuminated from the visual comfort point of view but appropriate from the security approach, which requires readings above 5 lux. It is recommended that instead of the appropriate focus on lighting levels, uniformly distributed light at an equally distributed spacing throughout the pathway would be more appropriate. Bollard-based lighting focusing on the pathway will be more suitable than the existing high street lamps. This will not only provide lighting for security and comfort but will also prevent light pollution. Such studies must be repeated across parks and streets in India, and more factors like light temperature should be studied further.