bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of ryegrass containing the endophyte (Acremonium lolii), on the performance of associated white clover and subsequent crops
Authors: Sutherland B.L. , Hoglund J.H.
Published: July 2020

Ryegrass seed lines with (+E) and without (-E) the fungal endophyte Acremonium lolii were sown with white clover. Fewer clover seedlings survived under +E ryegrasses irrespective of whether the plots were mown or grazed. The dominant contrast was an inverse competitive relationship between grass yield and clover seedling survival. A further component unexplained by effects of defoliation or competition is interpreted as an allelopathic effect. Two pot trials, using wheat, were established to determine it there was any residual effect of +E wards on following crops. Wheat grown in soil with a history of +E or-E ryegrass with clover produced higher yields from the-E than the +E soil. However, wheat grown on soil from previously clover-free pastures showed no difference between +E and -E. Residual effects on wheat crops are therefore interpreted as being related to lower nitrogen fertility, as a result of reduced clover growth in +E pastures. Keywords: Ryegrass, endophyte, white clover. competition, vigour. allelopathy, soil nitrogen, wheat yield, Acremonium lolii
COMPOSITE ION-EXCHANGES FOR THE RECYCLING OF LIQUID WASTE OF DAIRY INDUSTRY
Authors: Dzyazko Yuliya , Zakharov Vladimir , Kolomiiets Yevhen , Kudelko Kateryna
Published: July 2020

The method of directed formation of particles of hydrated zirconium and titanium oxides into anion exchange resins has been developed. The approach based on the Ostwald-Freundlich thermodynamic equation is applied. Such approach, in particular, connects the size of particles with the solubility of the compound, volume and concentration of reagents. Less soluble zirconium dioxide is deposited as non-aggregated nanoparticles, the size of which does not exceed 10 nm. The composition of such composites is the most reproducible. In the case of more soluble titanium dioxide, aggregates of nanoparticles (up to 70 nm) are formed. When the concentration of the solution of metal salts in the polymer increases, the particles of micron size are deposited, the composition of this type of material is less reproduced. Non-aggregated nanoparticles increase the exchange capacity of the polymer. This leads to an increase in its electrical conductivity in 1.4-1.8 times. This is due to an increase in the concentration of mobile charge carriers in the polymer matrix that is caused by reducing its swelling. Other reason is a contribution of the counter-ions of the functional groups of inorganic component to ion transport. On the contrary, the aggregates of nanoparticles amplify the polymer swelling, resulting in a reduction of exchange capacity and electrical conductivity. Ion-exchangers were used for the ion exchange processing of nanofiltration permeate of milky whey, and for electromembrane desalination of protein concentrate.
Headedness and exocentric compounding
Authors: Nóbrega Vitor A. , Panagiotidis Phoevos
Published: July 2020

Semantic headedness typically serves as the primary criterion for compound endocentricity, i.e. whether a compound has a head. The semantic head is often defined as the hyperonym from which the denotation of the compound is derived, with exocentric compounds being those whose denotation is not a subclass of that of their head element. Headedness, so defined, leads us to analyze every non-compositional compound as exocentric. We explore the boundaries between semantic exocentricity and non-compositionality using established diagnostics in order to decide whether a semantic characterization of headedness is valid, and to determine whether exocentricity and non-compositionality coincide. Assuming a syntactic model of morphological combinatorics we show that exocentricity must be defined configurationally, occurring when the structure of a compound modifies an external entity, frequently instantiated by an empty noun. Hence exocentricity is not the absence of a head, but the realization of the compound's head outside its internal structure. Non-compositionality, in turn, derives from how the root of each constituent member of a compound is compositionally or idiosyncratically interpreted. Finally, we put forth a new typological distribution of exocentric compounds, discriminating real exocentric compounds (bahuvrihi and dvandva) from compounds that are commonly, but wrongly, defined as exocentric (e.g. deverbal and de-prepositional compounds).
REFORMASI BIROKRASI PADA PEMERINTAH PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Rohmadin Sulthon
Published: July 2020

AbstrAct

Indonesia’s bureaucratic condition in the current reform era has not shown a good development direction, because there are still many unprofessional bureaucrats, acting as rulers, running corruption, collusion and nepotism (KKN) practices at the central, provincial and district levels. In addition, bureaucrats tend to choose comfort zones without competition, but rather based on seniority. Bureaucrats are generally not ready to enter the competitive zone.To transform a reliable and professional bureaucracy, the Government has formulated strategic policies. One of them is the Perpres No. 81/2010 on the Grand Design of Indonesian Bureaucracy 2010-2025, which is followed up by the PermenPAN RB No. 37 of 2013 on Guidelines for Formulating the Local Government Bureaucratic Reform Roadmap.The method used in this study is tailor made method combined with FGD (expert meeting) method with related bureaucratic apparatus, and Delphi technique, which is one of the techniques for involving stakeholders in decision making/policy by gathering opinions through questionnaires/questionnaire.This study resulted in 8 recommendations of the Bureaucratic Reform policy program in West Java which are expected to be able to encourage the establishment of a clean and good West Java Provincial government with adaptive characteristics, integrity, professionalism, high performance, freedom, and clean from corruption, collusion and nepotism (KKN) able to serve the public, be neutral, prosperous, dedicated and uphold the basic values and code of ethics of the apparatus. And of course it is able to realize the vision and mission of West Java Province that touches the interests of the wider community towards “West Java Forward and Prosperous”

Keywords: bureaucratic reform, public service
Exploring the Photothermo-Catalytic Performance of Brookite TiO2-CeO2 Composites
Authors: Bellardita Marianna , Fiorenza Roberto , D'Urso Luisa , Spitaleri Luca , Gulino Antonino , Compagnini Giuseppe , Scirè Salvatore , Palmisano Leonardo
Published: July 2020

The thermocatalytic, photocatalytic and photothermo-catalytic oxidation of some volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 2-propanol, ethanol and toluene, was investigated over brookite TiO2-CeO2 composites. The multi-catalytic approach based on the synergistic effect between solar photocatalysis and thermocatalysis led to the considerable decrease in the conversion temperatures of the organic compounds. In particular, in the photothermo-catalytic runs, for the most active samples (TiO2-3 wt% CeO2 and TiO2-5 wt% CeO2), the temperature at which 90% of VOC conversion occurred was about 60 °C, 40 °C and 20 °C lower than in the thermocatalytic tests for 2-propanol, ethanol and toluene, respectively. Furthermore, the addition of cerium oxide to brookite TiO2 favored the total oxidation to CO2 already in the photocatalytic tests at room temperature. The presence of small amounts of cerium oxide allowed to obtain efficient brookite-based composites facilitating the space charge separation and increasing the lifetime of the photogenerated holes and electrons as confirmed by the characterization measurements. The possibility to concurrently utilize the photocatalytic properties of brookite and the redox properties of CeO2, both activated in the photothermal tests, is an attractive approach easily applicable to purify air from VOCs.
Polymer-Assisted Biocatalysis: Polyamide 4 Microparticles as Promising Carriers of Enzymatic Function
Authors: Dencheva Nadya , Braz Joana , Scheibel Dieter , Malfois Marc , Denchev Zlatan , Gitsov Ivan
Published: July 2020

This study reports a new strategy for enzyme immobilization based on passive immobilization in neat and magnetically responsive polyamide 4 (PA4) highly porous particles. The microsized particulate supports were synthesized by low-temperature activated anionic ring-opening polymerization. The enzyme of choice was laccase from Trametes versicolor and was immobilized by either adsorption on prefabricated PA4 microparticles (PA4@iL) or by physical in situ entrapment during the PA4 synthesis (PA4@eL). The surface topography of all PA4 particulate supports and laccase conjugates, as well as their chemical and physical structure, were studied by microscopic, spectral, thermal, and synchrotron WAXS/SAXS methods. The laccase content and activity in each conjugate were determined by complementary spectral and enzyme activity measurements. PA4@eL samples displayed >93% enzyme retention after five incubation cycles in an aqueous medium, and the PA4@iL series retained ca. 60% of the laccase. The newly synthesized PA4-laccase complexes were successfully used in dyestuff decolorization aiming at potential applications in effluent remediation. All of them displayed excellent decolorization of positively charged dyestuffs reaching ~100% in 15 min. With negative dyes after 24 h the decolorization reached 55% for PA4@iL and 85% for PA4@eL. A second consecutive decolorization test revealed only a 5–10% decrease in effectiveness indicating the reusability potential of the laccase-PA4 conjugates.
Novel Perspective Coatings for the Optoelectronic Elements: Features of the Carbon Nanotubes to Modify the Surface Relief of BaF2 Materials
Authors: Kamanina Natalia , Kuzhakov Pavel , Kvashnin Dmitry
Published: July 2020

It is well known that the optimization of the basic properties of materials is related not only to changes of the substance of the material itself, but can also predict the change of their surface. In this regards, the search for, and study of, new nanostructured coatings based on the laser deposition method becomes extremely promising. Here, we used a laser-oriented deposition technique in order to place carbon nanotubes in a vertical position on the BaF2 surface to modify it. Such modification affected the increasing material transparency, connected with a decrease of the reflection via change the Fresnel losses; hydrophobicity and microhardness as well. Characteristics of the obtained material were studied via spectral analysis, AFM-method, wetting-angle measurements, microhardness estimations to support the possible covalent bonding between the carbon atoms and the interface materials atoms. Moreover, the quantum–chemical calculations completely confirmed the experimental results of the changes of electronic properties of BaF2 substrate after deposition of the CNTs. As the results novel optimized structure based on BaF2 is presented to be used in general optoelectronics, cosmos and laser technique as well.
Genetic Diversity of Local Greek and Bulgarian Grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) Varieties
Authors: Papapetrou Maria , Loukovitis Dimitrios , Papadopoulos Orestis , Kazlari Zoi , Peristeraki Anastasia , Arsenova Slavina , Bardarova Desislava , Doncheva Desislava , Theocharis Serafeim , Karagiannidis Constantinos , Koundouras Stefanos , Giannakoula Anastasia , Aggelopoulos Stamatis , Chatziplis Dimitrios
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic diversity of Greek and Bulgarian grapevine varieties with the use of microsatellite markers. The studied samples were collected from various productive vineyards, consisting of eight Greek and nine Bulgarian native varieties. In order to create a genetic profile for each sample, a multiplex PCR reaction method was used amplifying simultaneously seven microsatellite loci. Statistical analysis of data showed that there was a high degree of genetic heterogeneity among most of the varieties studied, highlighting the discriminative power of the chosen set of markers. Moreover, the synonymy of (I) Greek Pamid and Bulgarian Pamid and (II) Greek Zoumiatiko and Bulgarian Dimyat was suggested, as each variety pair had identical allele profiles in all loci examined. Regarding the Greek Mavrud and Bulgarian Mavrud varieties, there was a close genetic relationship between them, however, they did not share common alleles in all microsatellite loci and, therefore, should not be characterized as synonyms. On the other hand, Greek and Bulgarian Keratsouda, which were supposed to be common varieties, were found to be genetically different, supporting that these two varieties should be considered as homonyms. Despite the genotypic assay performed herein, we believe that additional molecular work is needed for the efficient management of Greek and Bulgarian grapevine genepools, as well as to safely suggest any synonym or homonym annotation.
A Case Study of Nematode Communities’ Dynamics along Successional Paths in the Reclaimed Landfill
Authors: Stamou George P. , Argyropoulou Maria D. , Rodriguez-Polo Ignacio , Boutsis George , Kapagianni Pantelitsa , Papatheodorou Efimia M.
Published: July 2020

We assessed the abundance and composition of nematode communities in soil under herbaceous vegetation in reclaimed landfill sites at different ages after closure (3, 10 and 14 years) compared to those in neighboring semi-natural grazed grasslands (reference sites). We further applied network analysis based on the co-occurrence patterns of nematodes. Nematode abundance decreased between 3 and10 years of regeneration, but significantly increased from 10 to 14 years of regeneration. The number and identity of genera were comparable along the succession; however, there were dissimilarities in community composition during early- and mid-succession. The diversity, community composition and abundance at the sites after 14 years of regeneration converged with those at the reference sites. Moreover, changes during succession were not accompanied by the maturation of the soil food web, as demonstrated by Enrichment and Channel indices. In all the networks, centrality and modularity metrics differed significantly from those for random networks, whereas cohesion metrics showed no difference. All the networks exhibited Small-worldness indices higher than one, demonstrating that the networks of the interactions among genera at all the sites shared features that matched both random and non-random networks. The succession trajectory in reclaimed landfills was represented by a sequence of changes that differed in relation to the variable under consideration; network parameters tended to converge with those of a relatively resistant reference community, while the Enrichment and Channel indices did not. Additionally, the succession trajectory was not linear or steady; only the Channel index and Worldness index showed linear responses to succession time. However, across all the successional stages, the resource status remained basal or degraded while the nematode communities had an enhanced ability to cope with sudden changes.
Rapid Large-Scale COVID-19 Testing during Shortages
Authors: Beetz Christian , Skrahina Volha , Förster Toni M. , Gaber Hanaa , Paul Jefri J. , Curado Filipa , Rolfs Arndt , Bauer Peter , Schäfer Stephan , Weckesser Volkmar , Lieu Vivi , Radefeldt Mandy , Pöppel Claudia , Krake Susann , Kandaswamy Krishna K. , Bruesehafer Katja , Vogel Florian
Published: July 2020

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in economic and social lockdowns in most countries all over the globe. Early identification of infected individuals is regarded as one of the most important prerequisites for fighting the pandemic and for returning to a ‘New Normal’. Large-scale testing is therefore crucial, but is facing several challenges including shortage of sample collection tools and of molecular biological reagents, and the need for safe electronic communication of medical reports. We present the successful establishment of a holistic SARS-CoV-2 testing platform that covers proband registration, sample collection and shipment, sample testing, and report issuing. The RT-PCR-based virus detection, being central to the platform, was extensively validated: sensitivity and specificity were defined as 96.8% and 100%, respectively; intra-run and inter-run precision were <3%. A novel type of sample swab and an in-house-developed RNA extraction system were shown to perform as good as commercially available products. The resulting flexibility guarantees independence from the current bottlenecks in SARS-CoV-2 testing. Based on our technology, we offered testing at local, national, and global levels. In the present study, we report the results from approx. 18,000 SARS-CoV-2 tests in almost 10,000 individuals from a low-frequency SARS-CoV-2 pandemic area in a homogenous geographical region in north-eastern Germany for a period of 10 weeks (21 March to 31 May 2020). Among the probands, five SARS-CoV-2 positive cases were identified. Comparative analysis of corresponding virus genomes revealed a diverse origin from three of the five currently recognized SARS-CoV-2 phylogenetic clades. Our study exemplifies how preventive SARS-CoV-2 testing can be set up in a rapid and flexible manner. The application of our test has enabled a safe maintenance/resume of critical local infrastructure, e.g., nursing homes where more than 5000 elderlies and caretakers got tested. The strategy outlined by the present study may serve as a blueprint for the implementation of large-scale preventive SARS-CoV-2 testing elsewhere.
Rheumatoid Arthritis and CLOVES Syndrome: A Tricky Diagnosis
Authors: Damian Laura , Lebovici Andrei , Pamfil Cristina , Belizna Cristina , Vulturar Romana
Published: July 2020

The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is significantly activated in rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, somatic activating mutations of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may result in PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum diseases, including CLOVES (Congenital Lipomatous Overgrowth, Vascular malformation, Epidermal nevi, Skeletal abnormalities/Scoliosis) syndrome. We describe the case of a young female patient, with anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies-positive rheumatoid arthritis, referred for persistent finger pain and stiffness. Examination revealed discrete macrodactyly involving two fingers, scoliosis, asymmetrical calves, venectasias, a shoulder nevus and triangular feet with a “sandal gap” between two toes. These mild dysmorphic features with early-onset and the history of surgeries for thoracic lipoma and venous malformation were strongly suggestive of CLOVES syndrome. Confirmatory mutation analysis was not performed, as blood or saliva testing is not contributive for tissue-specific localized effects in the PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum. Nevertheless, lack of detection of a PIK3CA mutation does not exclude the diagnosis in patients fulfilling clinical criteria. Due to the patient’s wish to plan a pregnancy, therapy consisted in sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine, along with orthotic correction of leg length discrepancy. Overgrowth syndromes and arthritis may share common pathways. Mild macrodactyly should be differentiated from dactylitis. Diagnosing patients with minimal dysmorphic features within the PI3K-related overgrowth spectrum may help design better care strategies, in the quest for personalized medicine.
Arrays of Plasmonic Nanostructures for Absorption Enhancement in Perovskite Thin Films
Authors: Shen Tianyi , Tan Qiwen , Dai Zhenghong , Padture Nitin P. , Pacifici Domenico
Published: July 2020

We report optical characterization and theoretical simulation of plasmon enhanced methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI 3 ) thin-film perovskite solar cells. Specifically, various nanohole (NH) and nanodisk (ND) arrays are fabricated on gold/MAPbI 3 interfaces. Significant absorption enhancement is observed experimentally in 75 nm and 110 nm-thick perovskite films. As a result of increased light scattering by plasmonic concentrators, the original Fabry–Pérot thin-film cavity effects are suppressed in specific structures. However, thanks to field enhancement caused by plasmonic resonances and in-plane interference of propagating surface plasmon polaritons, the calculated overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cell is expected to increase by up to 45.5%, compared to its flat counterpart. The role of different geometry parameters of the nanostructure arrays is further investigated using three dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations, which makes it possible to identify the physical origin of the absorption enhancement as a function of wavelength and design parameters. These findings demonstrate the potential of plasmonic nanostructures in further enhancing the performance of photovoltaic devices based on thin-film perovskites.
Introduction to “Religious Conflict and Coexistence: The Korean Context and Beyond”
Authors: Yoo Yohan , Lee Song-Chong
Published: July 2020

This Special Issue is composed of the articles that were presented at the first World Religion Forum held 7–8 October 2019 by the World Religious Peace Committee (세계종교평화협의회, hereafter WRPC) [...]
Spiritual Activism. Saving Mother Earth in Sápmi
Authors: Kraft Siv Ellen
Published: July 2020

Arctic Shaman Circle was founded in Oslo in November 2018. This article discusses what the Circle’s founding document refers to as “spiritual activism”, and how this was translated into action over the year that followed. I will follow one case in particular, which concerns plans for a power plant at the base of the mountain Aahkansnjurhtjie in the South Sámi area. Aahkansnjurhtjie is a sacred Sámi mountain, the shamans claim, and should be protected accordingly. My focus is on the learning processes that have emerged as the shamans have explored and argued the case, locally and nationally. I examine the negotiations that have happened along the way, in a political climate that has so far been hostile to religious arguments of any sorts, and in this example, involves a group that is contested among the Sámi. Finally, I look at the role of “indigeneity” in regard to claims, performances and responses to these particular concerns, as these have played out in different parts of the Sámi geography.
Whole Genomic Analysis and Comparison of Two Canine Papillomavirus Type 9 Strains in Malignant and Benign Skin Lesions
Authors: Chang Chia-Yu , Yamashita-Kawanishi Nanako , Tomizawa Sonoka , Liu I-Li , Chen Wei-Tao , Chang Yen-Chen , Huang Wei-Hsiang , Tsai Pei-Shiue , Shirota Kinji , Chambers James K , Uchida Kazuyuki , Haga Takeshi , Chang Hui-Wen
Published: July 2020

Papillomaviruses (PVs) usually cause benign proliferative lesions in the stratified epithelium of various animal species. However, some high-risk types of PVs have been proven to lead to malignant transformations. In dogs, several canine papillomaviruses (CPVs) have been identified in malignant lesions and are suggested as one of the risk factors for the development of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). In the present study, the full genomes of two CPV9 strains from recurrent SCCs of Dog 1 and skin viral papilloma (viral plaque) of Dog 2 were sequenced. Alignment of the two CPV9 sequences with the genome of the reference CPV9 strain (accession no. JF800656.1) derived from a solitary pigmented plaque was performed. Compared with the reference strain, a 27 bp in-frame insertion in the E1 gene was identified in both CPV9 strains in this study. In comparison with the CPV9 strains derived from benign lesions, the CPV9 from the SCCs of Dog 1 exhibited a 328 bp deletion at the 3′ end of the E2 and spacer sequence, which encoded a truncated deduced E2 protein and a chimeric E8^E2 protein. However, there was no difference in the mRNA expression levels of viral oncoproteins of E6 and E7 between the two CPV9 cases, suggesting that the oncogenesis of CPV9 for malignant transformation might be different from that of human papillomaviruses. The roles of E2 and E8^E2 deleted CPV9 in the oncogenesis of benign and malignant lesions should be further investigated.
Osnivanje i rad Križarske organizacije u Hrvatskoj (1930. – 1945.)
Authors: Matić Zdravko , Stručić Damir
Published: July 2020

Nakon uvođenja Šestosiječanjske diktature 1926. i zabrane rada Hrvatskog orlovskog saveza, već je 1930. osnovana Križarska organizacija kako bi se ponovno sakupila raspršena hrvatska katolička mladež koja je bila organizirana u orlovstvu i koja je bila teško pogođena ukidanjem svoje Orlovske organizacije. Nova Križarska organizacija temeljila se na načelima međunarodne organizacije Apostolata molitve, i to njezina ogranka za mladež koji se u Francuskoj nazivao „Croisade Eucharistique“. Jedino je pod tim uvjetom nova organizacija mogla biti priznata od beogradskog režima, ali ipak uz mnoge teškoće, koje su postupno bile nadvladane. Po želji zagrebačkog nadbiskupa koadjutora Alojzija Stepinca 1936. g. Križarska organizacija postaje dio Katoličke akcije i djeluje u skladu s njezinim pravilima, ali je zadržala svoje ime i duhovnu baštinu naslijeđenu od dokinute Orlovske organizacije. Križarska organizacija bila je u svojim društvima prisutna u svim hrvatskim biskupijama i bila je najbrojnija katolička organizacija za mladež u to vrijeme. U njoj su tisuće mladića i djevojaka primali solidan katolički odgoj i formirali se za vjerne članove Katoličke Crkve, njezine suradnike i apostole. Da bi zaštitio članstvo od komunističkih progona, nadbiskup Alojzije Stepinac raspustio je u srpnju 1945. g. sve organizacije Katoličke akcije, među kojima je bila i Križarska organizacija.
MEDIATION IN HEALTH CARE: PROBLEMS OF APPLICATION AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Basova Alla V.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the effectiveness of the mediation procedure in the Russian health care and to determining the level of awareness of patients about the possibility of mediation in the resolution of confl ict disputes in health care. Special attention is paid to the positive practice of mediation, by means of which protracted confl icts between medical organisations, physicians and patients are settled, as well as the economic burden on medical organisations to pay material damage to patients when providing them with poor quality medical care is reduced. The author comes to the conclusion that the introduction of mediation in the practice of settlement of disputes arising in the provision of medical care to the population is only at the stage of formation, since patients do not know this mechanism of protection of their rights.
Comprehensive measures are proposed for the widespread introduction of mediation in health care.
CLASIFICACIÓN DE POBLACIONES NATIVAS DE FRIJOL COMÚN DEL CENTRO-SUR DE MÉXICO POR MORFOLOGÍA DE SEMILLA
Authors: Espinosa-Pérez Esteli N.
Published: July 2020

Se evaluó la morfología de semillas de 75 poblaciones de frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) de hábito indeterminado (tipo IV), colectadas en los estados de México, Morelos, Oaxaca, Guerrero y Tlaxcala. Se obtuvo información relacionada con la zona geográfica, nombre del agricultor, localidad, municipio y estado; así como aspectos de manejo agronómico y de semillas. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y clasificatorios de componentes principales y de agrupamiento jerárquico con base en la distancia euclidiana, respectivamente, con base en seis características de semilla. Se clasificaron 13 grupos de diversidad de colores y nombres locales usados por los agricultores para distinguir las poblaciones de frijol, donde los más frecuentes fueron: amarillo, ensaladilla, rojo, negro y vaquita. En el análisis de componentes principales, las variables de mayor valor discriminatorio de la variación total, entre poblaciones, fueron: longitud, ancho, peso y volumen de semillas y peso específico. En el análisis de conglomerados se determinaron siete grupos fenotípicos: dos grupos del Estado de México, uno de semilla grande y otro de semilla mediana; dos grupos de semillas pequeñas, uno de Guerrero y otro de Oaxaca; y tres complejos grupales, uno con poblaciones de Tlaxcala y Oaxaca, otro con poblaciones de Oaxaca y Guerrero, y uno más que agrupó a poblaciones de Oaxaca, Guerrero, Estado de México, Morelos y Tlaxcala. Las características de semilla permitieron describir y clasificar la diversidad fenotípica de frijol común en el centro-sur de México.
PROMOCIÓN DEL CRECIMIENTO DE PLANTAS DE LECHUGA (Lactuca sativa L.) CON DOSIS SUBLETALES DE OZONO APLICADAS AL MEDIO DE CULTIVO
Authors: Vázquez-Ybarra Jorge A. , Peña-Valdivia Cecilia B. , Trejo Carlos , Villegas-Bastida Albino , Benedicto-Valdéz Sergio , Sánchez-García Prometeo
Published: July 2020

Las plantas han desarrollado un conjunto de mecanismos morfológicos, bioquímicos y fisiológicos de respuesta a los cambios ambientales de O3. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de dosis subletales de O3, aplicadas al medio de cultivo, en el crecimiento de plantas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.). Con base en el fenómeno denominado hormesis, la hipótesis fue que existe una dosis umbral de O3 que modifica positivamente el metabolismo de las plantas e incrementan su crecimiento y productividad. En un sistema hidropónico de plantas en flotación se evaluaron nueve dosis entre 0.53 y 59.40 mg L-1, aplicadas semanalmente, y se compararon con un testigo sin O3. Las variables del crecimiento que se cuantificaron fueron: diámetro del tallo, altura del tallo, altura de hoja, número total de hojas, longitud de raíz, peso fresco de raíz, biomasa seca de raíz, peso fresco y biomasa del vástago. Las plantas completaron su ciclo de crecimiento sin algún daño en el crecimiento con concentraciones entre 0.53 y 5.94 mg de O3 L-1, pero 20, 40 y 60 mg L-1 fueron letales en plantas de cinco semanas de edad. Estas dosis causaron oscurecimiento y necrosis acelerados de los tejidos foliares y muerte, los cambios de color de las hojas fueron evidentes desde los 20 min posteriores a la única aplicación de O3. Además, las dosis de 2.66 y 3.96 mg L-1 incrementaron significativamente (P ≤ 0.05) el diámetro del tallo, la biomasa fresca en la raíz y el vástago y la biomasa seca en la raíz y el vástago, en promedio 16, 23, 15, 89 y 11 % con respecto al testigo, después de 10 semanas de crecimiento.
Take-home Tensile Testing System for Biomechanics Education
Authors: Leineweber Matthew
Published: July 2020

Characterizing the load–deformation relationships in both engineering materials and biologic tissues is a key component of undergraduate biomechanics and mechanobiology courses. These relationships are essential to determining the suitability of a given material for biomedical applications, such as identifying the root causes of implant failure and injury and quantifying the effects of mechanical cellular mechanotransduction. Typically, material characterization is done by using industry standard and research-grade material testing systems, which can cost tens to hundreds of thousands of dollars and require large amounts of dedicated laboratory space. This article presents a new design for a low-cost and portable alternative to these commercial systems, consisting of off-the-shelf and 3-dimensional printed components for teaching purposes. Student groups assemble their own devices and conduct material characterization experiments for both elastic and viscoelastic materials on their own time, outside of traditional laboratory settings. The “take-home” labs were pilot tested over a single semester, and preliminary results showed increased understanding of elastic and viscoelastic theory compared with lecture alone. These results suggest that the take-home tensile testing systems may be an effective means of providing a hands-on educational experience in courses in which traditional lab activities are not otherwise possible.
PRACTICALITY OF TEACHING LEARNING MATERIALS VOCATIONAL SKILLS FOR FACILITIES IN SLB 1 LIMA KAUM
Authors: Nella Kusuma
Published: July 2020

This Development Research aims to develop a teaching material for vocational skills in fashion design designed to enhance student skills, as well as reveal the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the media. This study uses a Research and development development model that focuses on the IDI Method. Data analysis techniques used qualitative data through questionnaires and analyzed statistically. The results obtained from this research and development are as follows: (1) The learning module is a printed module for deaf students in Class X Semester 1 in the Vocational Fashion Dress subject. (2) Practicality of fashion skills skills module for deaf students in Class X Semester 1 based on the teacher's response after going through practicality was declared practical with an average total of 69.6%. (3) Practicality of fashion skills skills modules for deaf students in class X semester 1 based on students' responses after going through practicality was declared practical with an average total of 65%.
Foreword
Authors: De Giorgi Fulvio
Published: July 2020

Fin dal suo insediamento, questa Direzione e tutto il Consiglio Direttivo del Cirse hanno messo in cima alle

loro preoccupazioni il miglioramento della Rivista. Non è infatti da considerarsi ovvio che una “Società di categoria” possa disporre di una rivista di fascia A (non accade, per esempio, per altre Società storiche, anche molto titolate): si tratta, dunque, di un patrimonio importante di tutti i soci e a servizio di tutti, in particolare dei più giovani. Un passaggio decisivo di questa ‘politica di potenziamento’ è stato il cambio dell’editrice, resosi ormai indilazionabile per una serie di questioni di ordine organizzativo.
Building national identity in opposition to otherness in liberal Age. Racial prejudices in trademark images in Central State Archives
Authors: Elia Domenico Francesco Antonio
Published: July 2020

The paper analyses the origins of Italian national identity in opposition to the «otherness» of the African peoples subject to colonization between the end of the 19th century and the 1920s. The paper takes into consideration background studies in the history of pedagogy, among which, Gabrielli (2013, 2015) and colonial studies as Del Boca (1988) and Labanca (2002) in order to investigate the development of racial stereotypes outside the school. Racial stereotyping increased in advertising and emerged in trademark images of Italian companies so that it influenced the idea of otherness between 1890 – i.e. the conquest of Eritrea – and 1922 – i.e. the advent of Fascism.
Whoʼs afraid of comics? When Gianni Rodari was the ‘devil’ and when he ‘desecrated’ childhood
Authors: Articoni Angela
Published: July 2020

In order to understand Gianni Rodariʼs originality one must retrace his biography and his work, and take into account that he was proudly a factious man, a politically committed journalist and an expression of primordial Italian post-war left-wing culture. An essential ingredient of his poetry is, therefore, that civil passion that always inspired him. Due to such ‘passionʼ that appears clearly in the first phase of his production, his work was initially opposed by conservatives, clerics and the left-wing party itself. It was the 1950s ‘quando Rodari era il diavoloʼ and even comic strips were considered misguiding and immoral from the point of view of the Communist leaders, as well as the Pope and the Democrats. Rodari tried to change that and, countering Nilde Jotti and Palmiro Togliatti, claimed that comics had the power to conquer a new expressive autonomy useful for spreading progressive ideas among the masses.
PrEPping for a healthier future – a concise update of current pharmacological HIV-prophylaxis practices
Authors: Steyn SF , Wolmarans DW , Brand L
Published: July 2020

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) refers to the use of antiretroviral drugs to prevent one from acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection when engaging in high-risk sexual behaviour. Adequate PrEP initiation is key in the clinical outcome and survival of not only vulnerable and high-risk populations, but also to ensure that a society which is free of HIV, is built.
PERBEDAAN PERLAKUAN PENYIMPANAN CETAKAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN STABILITAS DIMENSI BAHAN CETAK ALGINAT
Authors: Hutagalung Mangatas , Haloho Rotua
Published: July 2020

Bahan cetak alginat yang digunakan dokter gigi memiliki sifat imbibisi dan sineresis, hasil cetakan yang tidak dilakukan pengisian langsung dengan dental stone dapat menyebabkan perubahan stabilitas dimensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat perbedaan perlakuan penyimpanan terhadap perubahan stabilitas dimensi bahan cetak alginat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan 24 sampel yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok penyimpanan yaitu di udara bebas, disimpan dalam wadah berisi air, disimpan dalam kain basah dan disimpan dalam plastik klip. Analisa data menggunakan One Way Anova. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan selisih rata-rata berat hasil cetakan alginat pada masing-masing kelompok perlakuan menunjukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara menit ke 10, 20 dan 30 yaitu p=0,000 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan dari  penelitian ini adalah perbedaan perlakuan penyimpanan pada masing-masing bahan cetak alginat menghasilkan perbedaan stabilitas dimensi juga pada masing-masing perlakuan.
PENGALAMAN PASIEN KANKER SERVIKS DALAM MENGATASI KECEMASAN
Authors: Sinaga Dameria Magdalena , Santosa Heru , Lubis Namora
Published: July 2020

Penyakit kanker serviks merupakan penyakit yang menimbulkan permasalahan pada kehidupan wanita yang mengalaminya terkait akan penurunan peran sebagai istri dan ibu serta kualitas hidupnya. Umumnya wanita dengan kanker serviks datang pada stadium lanjut sehingga mereka mengalami depresi yang ditandai dengan sikap marah, menutup diri dan kurang  menerima keadaan dirinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman pasien kanker serviks dalam mengatasi kecemasan. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara indepth interview dan fieldnote. Partisipan berjumlah lima orang pasien kanker serviks yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Wawancara dilakukan di rumah sakit dan di rumah partisipan yang kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Colaizzi. Hasil analisis penelitian ditemukan empat tema yaitu, mengalami perubahan psikologis, mengalami perubahan dalam berinteraksi, memperoleh dukungan keluarga dan melakukan aktifitas spiritual. Dari hasil penelitian disarankan pasien kanker serviks  membutuhkan dukungan keluarga, teman sekerja dan teman sesama kanker serviks, lebih banyak melakukan aktifitas spiritual dengan berdoa dan ikhlas dalam menerima dan menjalani pengobatannya.
Bounded Degree Spanners of the Hypercube
Authors: Nenadov Rajko , Sawhney Mehtab , Sudakov Benny , Wagner Adam Zsolt
Published: July 2020

In this short note we study two questions about the existence of subgraphs of the hypercube $Q_n$ with certain properties. The first question, due to Erdős–Hamburger–Pippert–Weakley, asks whether there exists a bounded degree subgraph of $Q_n$ which has diameter $n$. We answer this question  by giving an explicit construction of such a subgraph with maximum degree at most 120.

The second problem concerns properties of $k$-additive spanners of the hypercube, that is, subgraphs of $Q_n$ in which the distance between any two vertices is at most $k$ larger than in $Q_n$. Denoting by $\Delta_{k,\infty}(n)$ the minimum possible maximum degree of a $k$-additive spanner of $Q_n$, Arizumi–Hamburger–Kostochka showed that  $$\frac{n}{\ln n}e^{-4k}\leq \Delta_{2k,\infty}(n)\leq 20\frac{n}{\ln n}\ln \ln n.$$ We improve their upper bound by showing that     $$\Delta_{2k,\infty}(n)\leq 10^{4k} \frac{n}{\ln n}\ln^{(k+1)}n,$$where the last term denotes a $k+1$-fold iterated logarithm.
A NEW SPECIES OF ISLAMIA (CAENOGASTROPODA: HYDROBIIDAE) FROM LAKES REGION OF TURKEY
Authors: Yildirim Mehmet Zeki , Çağlan Kaya Duygu Ceren , Gürlek Mustafa Emre , Bahadir Koca Seval
Published: July 2020

A new species Islamia burduricus is described from Lakes Region of Turkey. Shell photographs and genitalia illustrations of the new species and also comparisons between new taxon and Islamia species previously described from Turkey are provided.
Una intervención comunitaria desde la comunicación para la salud
Authors: Zermeño Espinosa María Elena
Published: July 2020

La comunicación vista más allá de la difusión de las campañas de salud es un proceso que busca la interacción entre los diferentes sectores, instituciones e integrantes que conforman la sociedad; además, la comunicación facilita la vinculación entre las distintas disciplinas que aportan a la promoción para la salud integral de las personas como la medicina, enfermería, psicología, educación, sociología, derecho, psiquiatría, deportes, artes, la propia comunicación y otras, con objeto de realizar investigaciones e implementar estrategias de comunicación y educación para la salud que involucren a la comunidad. Aquí se presenta un estudio e intervención comunitaria con dichas características.
Study on Data Journalism in Tamilnadu & the Challenges
Authors: Lakshmi Aiswarya
Published: July 2020

When Digital technology brought online journalism and new practices into newsrooms that made a huge impact on Indian newsrooms articles that lead to different perspective stories which gave a lot of space for creativity, this allowed every citizen to become online journalist that was a great milestone in digital evolution. But, when the news credibility in online journalism gradually fell, many journalist and publishers worried that admired principles of news reporting, experience and intuition might decline or even disappear. On the other hand, they fail to realise that this will empower journalists to use numbers to tell stories with fewer anecdotes, more reliability and to cover challenging invisible stories. Journalism has always involved numbers and data analysis was also a part of it. Then a new practice, “Data journalism” sparked in the newsroom that involves data to find a story and create visualizations which are not a very easy process in the newsroom. Howard (2014) in his study mentioned that 21st century was a change for mobile computing that lead to increases in online connectivity, access, speed and an explosion in data creation that completely changed the landscape for computer-assisted reporting. Another study by Parasie and Dagiral (2012) argued that data journalism comes into light because of hacker culture, initially, the hackers deal with the open-source and open government with some political values, which injects a new culture into the newsrooms. When we look at the national context there are many challenges to adapt in India newsrooms and confusion about its role and importance in the field of journalism. The major focus of this research is to find the complications faced by journalists while incorporating data into their news organization. The sample consisted of data journalists from various parts of India
Convergence and Divergence over the Growth Paradigm: The OECD Working Party 2 and the Japanese “Doubling National Income Plan” (1961–70)
Authors: Yago Kazuhiko
Published: July 2020

La croissance économique au Japon a été stimulée par une série de plans, dont l’un des plus connus a été le « Plan de doublement du revenu national » (1961-1970). Cet article vise à reconstituer les vues sur ledit plan proposées et débattues parmi les fonctionnaires japonais ainsi que de l’OCDE, notamment le Groupe du travail n˚ 2. Confrontés à une balance des paiements déficitaire et à une croissance inégale, ces acteurs ont émis des opinions plus réservées sur la planification de la croissance. Pourtant, la croissance japonaise a excédé le plan initial, comme l’avait prédit l’économiste Osamu Shimomura. Le « paradigme de croissance économique » au Japon au début des années 1960 était un paradigme équilibré, cependant tôt ou tard il s’est heurté à la « période de transformation » visant à un investissement plus fort avec inflation.
Capitalisation et répartition dans l’histoire du système français des retraites avant 1945
Authors: Saly Pierre
Published: July 2020

L’article revient sur l’histoire des retraites, avant 1945, en rappelant les étapes du passage de l’épargne individuelle libre à l’assurance vieillesse collective : aliénation du capital, âge élevé d’entrée en jouissance, large obligation d’assurance. Ces traits se retrouvent dans les retraites ouvrières et paysannes (ROP) de 1910 comme dans les Assurances sociales (1930). Ces deux législations furent toutefois incapables de fournir des retraites décentes, pour deux raisons : le délai nécessaire à la constitution d’une pension dans un système qui se voulait contributif et imposait de longues années de cotisation ; et l’inflation, qui lamina la valeur réelle des cotisations versées. Le principe de la capitalisation, retenu par le législateur, s’avéra ainsi tout à fait impraticable et dût être abandonné, dans les faits d’abord, puis en droit à partir de 1941. Si la répartition s’est imposée depuis cette date, tout système de retraite suppose un prélèvement sur le revenu des actifs au profit des inactifs et le seul moyen de garantir une pension décente à une population nombreuse est d’imposer un taux de prélèvement élevé.
Quelle protection sociale pour les personnes âgées ? Un débat au long cours
Authors: Capuano Christophe
Published: July 2020

Cet article interroge sur le temps long, la construction sociale d’un nouvel âge de la vie au cours du XX e  siècle, celui de la retraite. Souvent choix individuel réservé à une élite au XIX e  siècle, elle devient une solution collective au siècle suivant mais peine à s’imposer dans une société en voie de salarisation. Cette contribution entend ainsi mettre au jour les logiques qui ont présidé à ces dispositifs mais aussi les aléas, écueils et échecs qui ont jalonné un parcours loin d’être linéaire avant qu’un système stable ne soit éprouvé. Cette analyse éclaire enfin la réalité du niveau de vie des retraités, extrêmement modeste jusqu’aux années 1970.
Pandemic Anxiety: How Can I Help?
Authors: Limandri Barbara J.
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has aroused a level of anxiety and uncertainty that spans demographics and diagnoses. Because the coronavirus is a novel variant, the expert scientific community presents to the public as uncertain and inconsistent in information and ways to deal with potential infection, which creates disbelief and uncertainty. The most consistent recommendation is physical distancing and self-imposed isolation to reduce the spread. However, such isolation also adds to individual and community distress. This column focuses on the neurobiological explanations for anxiety, complications to pre-existing psychiatric disorders, sub diagnostic states of stress and anxiety generally and with health care providers, and pharmacological and nonpharmacological ways of addressing this anxiety. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 58
(7), 7–10.]
Formative Assessment and Classroom Activities of New Era Microwave Engineering Curriculum
Authors: You Kok Yeow
Published: July 2020

Microwave engineering (ME) is a technology-based course. The aim of this course is to train future professional engineers to gain practical skills, such as RF-integrated circuits design and analysis, as well as microwave instrument operation. Therefore, the curriculum for this course needs to revise and meet the needs of the future so that future graduated engineers in the telecommunication field can find the job easier and have the professional skills required by the employer. This chapter proposes and presents some simple practical assignments for undergraduates to complete their assessment in the ME course. At the same time, the gap between the university's curriculum and the current development of microwave technology in the industrial sector can be reduced through such practical assignments.