bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dimensions of Rational Decision-Making during the Demographic Transition; Aranjuez (Spain) Revisited
Authors: Reher David , Sandström Glenn
Published: August 2021

A set of linked reproductive histories taken from the Spanish town of Aranjuez during the demographic transition is used to address key issues regarding reproductive change and reproductive choice. This paper builds on the existing literature and especially on the findings first shown in Reher & Sanz-Gimeno (2007) and in Van Poppel et al. (2012) where the links between childhood survival and reproductive decision-making were specified. This paper goes beyond the original ones in two  important ways: (a) the sex composition of the surviving sibset is included in the analysis and (b) behavior is modeled by means of event history analysis. In these models, controls for the survival status of the previous child are introduced so as to distinguish between biological factors related to the cessation of breastfeeding and both short term (child replacement) and more long-term reproductive strategies. The results offer convincing proof that couples were continually regulating their fertility in order to achieve reproductive goals both in terms of net fertility and of the sex composition of the resulting sibset. Here results show that both sexes were desired by parents but that lack of surviving males had greater influence on fertility behavior. As expected, controls for the survival status of the previous-born child were important though they did not diminish appreciably the overall effect of the number of surviving offspring. This article offers strong proof for the existence of active decision-making during the demographic transition and applies a method to model these behaviors over the full reproductive history of the couple.
Editorial
Authors: Matthijs Koen , Puschmann Paul
Published: August 2021

Historical Life Course Studies, a journal in population studies, aims to stimulate and facilitate the implementation of IDS (Intermediate Data Structure, a standard data format for large historical databases), and to publish the results from (comparative) research with the help of large historical databases. The journal publishes not only empirical articles, but also descriptions (of the construction) of new and existing large historical databases, as well as articles dealing with database documentation, the transformation of existing databases into the IDS format, the development of algorithms and extraction software and all other issues related to the methodology of large historical databases.
INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES AS A PROSPECT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors: Tarasova Ksenia Sergeevna
Published: August 2021

The article examines the features of innovative activity of enterprises in the context of ensuring the development of the national economy. Special attention is paid to the factors that restrain and stimulate the innovative activity of business entities.
FORTHCOMING IASE CONFERENCES
Authors: BOROVCNIK MANFRED , PFANNKUCH MAXINE
Published: August 2021

Forthcoming IASE Conferences
First published November 2015 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
LEARNING THE LANGUAGE OF STATISTICS: CHALLENGES AND TEACHING APPROACHES
Authors: DUNN PETER K. , CAREY MICHAEL D. , RICHARDSON ALICE M. , MCDONALD CHRISTINE
Published: August 2021

Learning statistics requires learning the language of statistics. Statistics draws upon words from general English, mathematical English, discipline-specific English and words used primarily in statistics. This leads to many linguistic challenges in teaching statistics and the way in which the language is used in statistics creates an extra layer of challenge. This paper identifies several challenges in teaching statistics related to language. Some implications for the effective learning and teaching of statistics are raised and methods to help students overcome these linguistic challenges are suggested.
First published May 2016 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Mazhar Bey’in Farkındalık Yolculuğu
Authors: Üstün Ayfer Şeyma
Published: August 2021

It is known that content based on mythological structure can appeal to the common sense of taste of the reader and the audience. Joseph Campbell explains this situation through the Hero's Journey paradigm; explains the mythic fiction through the stages of departure, initiation and return. He explains that the narratives we read, watch or encounter are always “the same” story, within the framework of the concept of journey he proposes. This journey can be the physical transformation of the hero, as well as an initiation metaphor, which usually has psychological foundations. The movie Yol Ayrımı, written and directed by Yavuz Turgul, is a movie where we can see the initiation of the hero Campbell mentioned. In this study, the movie Yol Ayrımı will be read through the Hero's Journey paradigm, and the aspects that fit and depart from the cycle will be evaluated through the transformation of the leading role Mazhar Bey (Şener Şen) in the movie. In the research, which will be carried out using the qualitative analysis technique, the content analysis of the relevant movie will be carried out by using the content analysis method.
Studies on Operational Frequencies of Controls on Self-propelled Combine Harvesters in India
Authors: Prabhakar Shukla  , C. R. Mehta  , K. N. Agrawal  , R. R. Potdar
Published: August 2021

A study was conducted to measure the operational frequencies of various controls on self-propelled combine harvesters and to categorize them into frequently and infrequently operated controls. The operational frequency of controls on 10 combine harvesters of different makes and models were measured during harvesting of wheat crop. The frequency of use of frequently operated controls viz. header assembly control lever, ground speed control lever, gear shift lever, brake pedal, and clutch pedal ranged 232-484, 43-170, 41- 135, 42-140, and 66-162 action.h-1, respectively. The percent time distributions of operation of controls were 44.84, 13.40, 12.21, 13.10, and 16.42%, respectively. The controls on the combine harvesters used repetitively that require high level of human effort. Therefore, to accommodate 90% of user population, the most frequently operated controls should preferably be placed in the optimum reach zone, and infrequently used controls can be conveniently placed within maximum reach zone of operators’ reach envelope.
Textural and Sensory Characteristics of Milk Protein- Maize Flour-based Extrudates
Authors: R. Thirumuruga Ponbhagavathi  , Ashish Kumar Singh  , P. Narender Raju  , Neelam Upadhyay
Published: August 2021

Sensory and textural characteristics of milk protein-maize-based extrudates were studied as affected by extrusion conditions and milk-proteins Rennet Casein (RC), skimmed milk powder (SMP) and whey protein concentrate (WPC) to maize ratio. Appearance attributes of products decreased significantly (P<0.05) with SMP addition and higher feed moisture content, but improved with WPC-70 and RC. Colour of extrudates was mostly affected by the milk protein- maize ratios, especially with increase in SMP concentration that led to significantly (P<0.05) darker products scoring less than five due to the presence of higher amount of lactose. Feed moisture content decreased mean sensory score for crispness and increased hardness of the extrudates. Overall acceptability of extrudates decreased with the addition of SMP and increase in feed moisture content, except in WPC-70 at 8% level of protein. Extrudate with 8% RC and 12% feed moisture treated at 40 0 C inlet and 100 0 C outlet cooking zone temperature at screw speed of 340 rpm gave minimum maillard browning, desired textural characteristics, and colour. The correlation of sensory and textural properties showed that textural characteristics can be related with appearance which affected the product most.
Comparing post-release cover and burrow use by differentially head-started Mojave desert tortoises in southern California
Authors: McGovern Pearson A. , Peaden J. Mark , Buhlmann Kurt A. , Todd Brian D. , Tuberville Tracey D.
Published: August 2021

The effects of indoor rearing versus the conventional method of solely outdoor head-starting on post-release cover and burrow use of juvenile Mojave desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii), a threatened endemic species, were investigated. We found that partially indoor-reared tortoises exhibited similar post-release behaviours when compared to both same-aged, but smaller, and similar-sized, but older outdoor-reared head-started tortoises, thus increasing the success and decreasing the costs of head-starting.
The impact of the four motivation boosters on tennis player development (part 1)
Authors: Girod Antoni
Published: August 2021

The development of a tennis player is a long-term process. On average, the development of a high-level player takes ten years, during which time the coach’s role is to help the player acquire the required technical, tactical, physical and mental skills. On the psychological level, one particular skill which reflects permanently on the development of all other skills is motivation. Its importance is such that even the slightest change in motivation, or temporary lack of motivation, can have a major impact on a player’s entire game, performance on the court and, ultimately, long-term progress. Motivation is thus the fuel that a player needs to progress with consistency and determination on the road to the highest level. However, fuel alone is not enough: what you also need is an engine.
Improving forehand performance through functional core training
Authors: Genevois Cyril
Published: August 2021

This article highlights the importance of functional core strengthening to improve forehand performance. It suggests on-court physical training exercises aimed at improving core rotation power and vertical stability of the body.
Tìm hiểu đặc điểm và một số yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng hạ đường huyết ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2 điều trị tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108
Authors: Quỳnh Lưu Thuý , Hà Lê Thanh , Thuý Nguyễn Thị , Loan Vũ Thị , Nhàn Lê Bích , Mạnh Nguyễn Văn , Huyền Phạm Thanh , Hải Nguyễn Thị , Điều Đồng Thị Thuý , Phượng Ngô Thị
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Tìm hiểu đặc điểm và một số yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng hạ đường huyết ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2 điều trị tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 107 bệnh nhân hạ đường huyết điều trị tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ tháng 4/2020 đến tháng 5/2021. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình là 74,0 ± 10,6 năm, tỷ lệ nam/nữ: 1,3/1. Giá trị đường huyết trung bình lúc nhập viện là 1,99 ± 0,69mmol/l. HbA1c trung bình là 6,4% ± 1,2%. Tỷ lệ mắc bệnh trên 10 năm là 38,4%. 100% bệnh nhân có triệu chứng lâm sàng và 83,2% có rối loạn ý thức. Tỷ lệ ăn kém/bỏ ăn bị hạ đường huyết chiếm 71%. 89% bệnh nhân có bệnh lý tăng huyết áp đi kèm, 66,3% có suy thận kèm theo. Tỷ lệ các trường hợp có tiền căn hạ đường huyết chiếm 50,3%. Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân hạ đường huyết có dùng thuốc insulin là cao nhất sau đó là đến sulfonylurea với tỷ lệ lần lượt là 53,2% và 50,4%. Kết luận: Bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2 tuổi cao, thời gian mắc bệnh kéo dài, có suy thận và sử dụng thuốc hạ đường huyết là insulin hoặc nhóm sulfonylurea thì có nguy cơ bị hạ đường huyết cao.
Đặc điểm kỹ thuật và tính an toàn của phương pháp nút động mạch điều trị tăng sinh lành tính tuyến tiền liệt
Authors: Tâm Trịnh Tú , Dũng Nguyễn Quốc , Hiền Nguyễn Xuân
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Thống kê đặc điểm lâm sàng, kỹ thuật và tính an toàn của kỹ thuật nút động mạch tuyến tiền liệt điều trị tăng sinh lành tính tuyến tiền liệt. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu can thiệp lâm sàng trên 66 bệnh nhân tăng sinh lành tính tuyến tiền liệt được điều trị nút động mạch tuyến tiền liệt tại Bệnh viện Hữu Nghị từ tháng 05/2015 đến tháng 06/2019. Kết quả: Thể tích tuyến tiền liệt trung bình của bệnh nhân trong nghiên cứu là 62,8 ± 29,86mL, điểm IPSS trung bình 30,8 ± 2,36, điểm QoL trung bình 4,7 ± 0,46 điểm. Tỷ lệ can thiệp thành công về kỹ thuật là 100%, tỷ lệ nút tắc hoàn toàn động mạch tuyến tiền liệt hai bên là 83,3%, nút tắc một bên là 16,7%. Tỷ lệ tai biến trong can thiệp là 0%. Tỷ lệ biến chứng sau can thiệp là 31,8% trong đó chủ yếu là biến chứng nhẹ và trung bình, có 1 trường hợp biến chứng nặng chiếm tỷ lệ 1,5%. Kết luận: Nút động mạch tuyến tiền liệt là phương pháp điều trị có tính an toàn cao trong điều trị tăng sinh lành tính tuyến tiền liệt.
Các yếu tố nguy cơ gây biến chứng suy thận cấp sau phẫu thuật
Authors: Hạnh Bùi Mỹ , Hòa Trần Quốc
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Nhận xét tỷ lệ biến chứng suy thận cấp và một số yếu tố nguy cơ của người bệnh sau phẫu thuật. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Sử dụng thiết kế hồi cứu người bệnh từ 18 tuổi trở lên được phẫu thuật theo số liệu từ các bệnh viện gửi lên cổng điện tử thanh toán bảo hiểm quốc gia Việt Nam từ ngày 01/1/2017 đến ngày 31/9/2018. Chúng tôi so sánh 2 nhóm có biến chứng suy thận cấp và không có biến chứng sau phẫu thuật. Sử dụng ghép cặp xác suất và hiệu chỉnh các yếu tố nguy cơ gây biến chứng suy thận cấp bao gồm tuổi, giới, tình trạng cấp cứu lúc nhập viện, các bệnh mạn tính trước phẫu thuật: Suy tim, van tim, mạch máu ngoại vi, liệt nửa người, bệnh phổi mạn tính, đái tháo đường, đái tháo đường có biến chứng, suy giáp, suy thận, gan, ung thư, ung thư di căn, khớp, rối loạn nước và điện giải, thiếu máu, sút cân và trầm cảm. Từ đó đánh giá tỷ lệ tái nhập viện và khám ngoại trú sau phẫu thuật 30 ngày và 90 ngày. Kết quả: Trong thời gian 21 tháng nghiên cứu có 0,09% người bệnh đã phẫu thuật được xác định có biến chứng suy thận cấp sau phẫu thuật. Các yếu tố nguy cơ bao gồm mạch máu ngoại vi (OR = 4,91) và thiếu máu (OR = 4,86), van tim (OR = 2,2). Tỷ lệ tái nhập viện sau phẫu thuật của nhóm có biến chứng suy thận cấp sau 30 ngày và 90 ngày lần lượt là 36,9% và 48,3%. Những bệnh nhân ung thư bị biến chứng suy thận cấp có tỷ lệ vào viện lại sau 30 ngày và 90 ngày cao hơn với OR lần lượt là 3,94 và 3,43. Kết luận: Suy thận cấp là một biến chứng ít gặp sau phẫu thuật, nhưng là nguyên nhân gây tử vong cao cho người bệnh sau phẫu thuật. Các yếu tố nguy cơ gây biến chứng suy thận là: Bệnh mạch máu ngoại vi, thiếu máu, bệnh van tim.
Đánh giá tình trạng nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ lấy thai tại Khoa Sản, Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108
Authors: Thu Nguyễn Thị Kim , Ly Nguyễn Thị Hương
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát tỷ lệ và các yếu tố liên quan đến nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ ở bệnh nhân mổ lấy thai tại Khoa Sản, Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu trên các sản phụ được mổ lấy thai tại Khoa Sản, Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108, từ tháng 1 năm 2018 đến tháng 12 năm 2020. Kết quả: Tổng cộng 3.623 ca mổ đẻ trong 3 năm, tuổi trung bình của sản phụ: 28,5 ± 5,2 năm. Tỷ lệ nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ chung cả 3 năm là 1,9% (70/3.623). Tỷ lệ nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ trong từng năm lần lượt là 3,7%; 1,5% và 0,9%. Chủ yếu là nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ nông (94,2%). Các yếu tố liên quan đến nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ bao gồm: Thừa cân béo phì (BMI > 25), có bệnh lý mạn tính kết hợp, thời gian vỡ ối > 6 giờ và thời gian mổ lấy thai trên 60 phút. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ sau mổ lấy thai tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 có xu hướng giảm trong các năm gần đây, tuy nhiên cũng cần lưu ý đến một số yếu tố nguy cơ liên quan đến nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ.
Đánh giá các phương pháp phẫu thuật tạo hình di chứng hẹp khí quản do đặt ống nội khí quản hoặc mở khí quản
Authors: Thắng Nguyễn Đức , Giang Nguyễn Trường , Kiểm Trần Trọng
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá các phương pháp phẫu thuật tạo hình di chứng hẹp khí quản sau mở khí quản hoặc đặt ống nội khí quản và kết quả sớm. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Mô tả cắt ngang trên 72 trường hợp hẹp khí quản sau đặt nội khí quản, mở khí quản kéo dài có chỉ định phẫu thuật tạo hình khí quản tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 và Bệnh viện Chợ Rẫy từ tháng 01/2014 đến tháng 12/2017. Kết quả: 72 bệnh nhân được tiến hành phẫu thuật qua đường cổ (93,1%), đường cổ - ngực hình chữ T (6,9%) và cắt dọc xương ức (4,2%). Kĩ thuật sử dụng là cắt nối khí quản - khí quản tận tận (86,1%), cắt nối sụn nhẫn - khí quản (12,5%), thủ thuật hạ thanh quản (Montgomery) 2,8%. Đoạn khí quản cắt chủ yếu từ 1 - 2cm (40,3%), độ dài trung bình đoạn khí quản cắt 25,4 ± 9,7 (mm). Biến chứng ngay sau mổ 5 (7%) BN, biến chứng sớm trong thời gian hậu phẫu 11 (13,4%) bệnh nhân. Kết quả phẫu thuật theo phân loại Grillo nhóm tốt có tỷ lệ cao nhất 73,6%, đạt yêu cầu là 18,1%, kém là 6,9%, tử vong là 1,4%. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật tạo hình khí quản điều trị di chứng hẹp khí quản sau mở khí quản và đặt nội khí quản kéo dài cho kết quả sớm tốt và tỷ lệ biến chứng thấp.
ANALISIS BIAYA DAN PENDAPATAN USAHA TANI TOMAT DI KABUPATEN GARUT
Authors: Awaliyah Fitri , Rostwentivaivi Vela
Published: August 2021

Kabupaten Garut pada tahun 2018 mempunyai proporsi produksi tomat mencapai  35,46% dari total produksi tomat keseluruhan di Provinsi Jawa Barat, sehingga mempunyai potensi besar dalam proses budidaya dan akan memberikan manfaat yang besar dalam meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat Kabupaten Garut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengaanalisis biaya dan pendapatan usahatani komoditas tomat, agar mengetahui efisiensi dan efektivitas pengelolaan pembudidayaan komoditas tomat di Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian dilakukan di 4 Kecamatan sentra budidaya komoditas tomat yaitu di Kecamatan Cikajang, Cigedug, Cisurupan dan Pasirwangi dengan mewawancarai 40 petani tomat yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode perhitungan keuntungan dengan cara penerimaan dikurangi biaya total setelah itu menggunakan R/C rasio. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa usahatani tomat di Kabupaten Garut mampu memberikan keuntungan terhadap petani dan layak untuk dikembangkan. Kata kata Kunci: Biaya, Pendapatan, Usahatani Tomat, RC Rasio.
منهج الحافظ ابن رجب في رسالته: الحكم الجديرة بالإذاعة من قول النبي بعثت بالسيف بين يدي الساعة
Authors: مولوي عبد الغفور عبد الله
Published: August 2021

This article aims to examine the methodology of Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Rajab al-Ḥanbalī in his treatise al-Ḥikam al-Jadīrah bi ’l-Idhā‘ah min Qawl al-Nabī Ṣallā Allāh ‘alayhi wa Sallama Bu‘ithtu bi ’l-Sayf bayn yaday al-Sā‘ah. Since the ḥadīth is the second important source of Islamic teachings and laws after the Qur’ān, Muslim scholars worked hard from the very beginning to memorize, understand, and preserve it. One of the prominent names among these scholars is of Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Rajab al-Ḥanbalī, who authored many books on this subject. The methodology of Ibn Rajab is unique in terms of his critical assessment of ḥadīths from the aspects of their text and chains. Therefore, this research work has focused on his methodology in the light of his famous treatise al-Ḥikam al-Jadīrah bi ’l-Idhā‘ah.
MODELING OF TELECOMMUNICATION REVENUE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT’S FOR COUNTRIES WITH FRACTIONAL CALCULUS
Authors: ÖNAL TUĞRUL Nisa Özge , ERGÜN Esra , KÖSEOĞLU Deniz Can , KARACUHA Kamil , ŞİMŞEK Kevser , KARACUHA Ertugrul
Published: August 2021

This study explores the modeling of the share of telecommunication revenues in gross domestic product from the year 2000 to 2018 for 5 countries including France, Germany, Italy, Turkey, the UK, and the OECD average. First, a new mathematical model based on Fractional Calculus and Least Square Method is proposed. Later, the telecommunication revenues in GDP dataset is modeled. Further, we compare the new Fractional approach to the classical Polynomial approach in three different settings. The results show that employing Fractional Calculus yields better modeling performance when compared to the classical Polynomial Approach in terms of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The Fractional approach outperforms the Polynomial approach by 0.1329 % MAPE on average. The largest MAPE is found for Turkey while the smallest MAPE is obtained for Italy in all settings.
Effective management of serious police misconduct: a machine learning analysis
Authors: Cubitt Timothy
Published: August 2021

There are a range of management strategies available to police agencies to prevent serious misconduct. While many of these strategies are well accepted practice, there is limited empirical evidence demonstrating their effectiveness. This study uses partial dependence plots to explore management strategies which have been identified as either increasing or decreasing risk of serious police misconduct. These include the provision of awards or complimentary remarks to officers, remedial action resulting from sustained complaints, and transfers between workplaces. Expedient and opportune complaint resolution processes at a local level, positive behavioural reinforcement, and having a diverse range of career opportunities help prevent serious misconduct by police officers.
The Mediating Role of Knowledge Creation on the Market Sensing- Innovation Nexus
Authors: Emeagwali Okechukwu Lawrence
Published: August 2021

This study examined the influential role of knowledge creation in facilitating the effect of market-sensing on innovation. It specifically examines this phenomenon among small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. The study hypothesized that market sensing will exogenously have a significant and positive effect on knowledge creation, which will in turn have a positive effect on innovation. Data was collected from strategic managers from the top management teams of 310 small and medium scale enterprises randomly selected from the country’s six geopolitical zones. Using covariance based structural equation modeling (SEM) carried out via version 23 of IBM’s AMOS software. Findings confirmed all four hypotheses specifically demonstrating that market sensing positively impacted knowledge creation and innovation, while knowledge creation was both found to have a positive effect on innovation and to also significantly mediate the effect of market-sensing on innovation. The study then discusses the implication of the findings for both literature and practice, while recommending areas for future research.
The Visible and Less-visible World: Social Ethnography in the Study of World Christianity
Authors: Jeremiah Anderson H. M.
Published: August 2021

Exploring the idea of religion as the cumulative experiences of an individual within a community, part of lived human existence, this article will argue that “World Christianity” needs to be understood as a social phenomenon deeply enmeshed in the emotional and intellectual encounters of humanity within which the “sacred” is located and experienced. Christian belief and its corresponding symbols are intimately linked to the worldly conditions and “lived-in-environments.” Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork in South India, Ghana and England, this article will explore the place of sacred objects, images of the divine, and rituals, which are often treated with great reverence so as to extract power and to prevent misfortune in personal, social, and economic life. From a social ethnographic perspective, this article will shed light on the methodological challenges stemming from the fact that human beings are not neutral/passive observers but are rather active participants in shaping their notions of the “sacred.”
A Sound Ethnography
Authors: Muir Pauline Elaine
Published: August 2021

Congregational music and verbal utterances are germane to the liturgical practices of World Christianity. However, methodologies that give primacy to the visual are privileged. This essay argues for an emphasis on sound, recognizing that while both the visual and the aural are critical elements in the communication exchange, this emphasis can reveal data unavailable elsewhere and uncover a cauldron of ambiguities and contradictions. Using Nattiez’s analytical framework of music discourse and data from an African mega church in the UK, congregational singing and chanted confessions are analyzed. The findings reveal struggle and adaptation highlighting both resistance and assimilation in the sonic field. The article concludes that paying attention to sonic representations in congregations is a fruitful site of inquiry for World Christianity.
Black Identities, Contemporary Literature, and Afro-diasporic Traditions
Authors: Rodrigues Felipe Fanuel Xavier
Published: August 2021

The goal of this article is to provide a critical appraisal of the religious tropes embedded in contemporary Black women’s writing in Brazil. By examining Afro-diasporic religious symbols in literary texts, I highlight the survival of African deities as a significant move to transform the lasting effects of historical repression against African-derived religions. As cultural warriors, Black women writers use African heritage as a strategy to redress the history of derogation of Black humanity, affirm racial identities, and revise the epistemic violence sanctioned by institutionalized Christianity.
Barreras de acceso geográfico a los servicios de salud oral en el departamento del Tolima, Colombia.
Authors: Estrada Montoya John Harold , Reyes Cañón Laura Camila
Published: August 2021

Cross-sectional descriptive mixed study carried out for the 47 municipalities of the department of Tolima, Colombia, neighboring the department of Cundinamarca, where Bogota, the capital of the country, is located. The objective was to analyze the geographical access barriers and the inventory of human talent and dental services in this department. A distance and time measurement system was applied to identify the duration of travel from each municipality to Ibagué (departmental capital) by public transport. The geographical accessibility barrier determinant endorsed by the World Health Organization (W.H.O.) is a trip duration greater than four hours. It was found that the first level of care in the public sector is present in all municipalities, the second level is in six; the third only in Ibague. Displacement by public transport represents a geographical access barrier in six municipalities; the number of dentists in the public sector does not satisfactorily cover the needs of the population, since more than 50% of the municipalities have a deficit of more than four general dentists and there is a low presence of specialists. In the department of Tolima there are geographical accessibility barriers to health and, specifically, to oral health.
Problemele demografice ale Republicii Moldova în perioada independenței statale
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Matei Constantin , Postica Maia ,   Universitatea Cooperatist-Comerciala, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2021

The demographic situation in the Republic of Moldova during the years of state independence has changed considerably in the sense of its aggravation to the socio-demographic indicators. The economic transition also had negative consequences on the demographic evolution. The geodemographic trends are similar to the states in the region and have negative or positive values for most demographic indicators attesting to demographic insecurity.
Particularități geodemografice ale Regiunii de Dezvoltare Nord
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Hachi Mihai
Published: August 2021

Population as a component of territorial systems is of great importance both at theoretical and practical level. Actuality of the study is determined by from the fact that the knowledge of human potential should support the development of demographic, social and economic policies. The population of the Northern Development Region as a complex and systemic structure requires efficient monitoring and management based on current and prospective geodemographic trends.
Aspecte ale fenomenului „brain drainˮ in Republica Moldova
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Morozan Stela
Published: August 2021

The phenomenon of 'brain drain'' is one of the current problems of the Moldovan society indicating insufficient support to highly qualified young professionals from various fields. Academic mobility is an opportunity to go to study at a foreign university for a limited period but scholars often do not return home. So the purpose of this article is to promote circular migration and academic mobility of young. Nowadays, the economic and political challenges that developing countries are going through, lead to serious changes into the structure and movement of the qualified human capital. Republic of Moldova faces severe migration problems. Unfavorable economic conditions, the existence of better opportunities abroad are creating those push-factors that day by day worsen the situation. This article aims to present general trends of intellectual potential exodus phenomenon in Republic of Moldova with recommendations of possible strategies that could be applied in order to reduce the bad effects and to increase positive effects, by analyzing the experience of other countries which have obtained better results in brain drain management.
Contribuții la cunoașterea coleopterelor epigee din unele ecosisteme forestiere din regiunea de nord a Republicii Moldova
Authors:   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova, Bacal Svetlana , Mihailov Irina ,   Institutul de Zoologie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2021

This article reports on the edaphic beetle diversity and abundance study conducted on the teritory of the Republic of Moldova during 2005 and 2014 in forest ecosystems located near Branzeni and Zabriceni. All insects were collected using pitfall traps techniques. In total, 1620 beetle specimens were collected, representing 31 species from 17 genera and 4 families. The largest family was Carabidae, followed by Silphidae, Scarabaeidae and Lucanidae. Carabidae also represented the greatest proportion in terms of number of individuals. Seventeen species were common in all investigated forest ecosystems. The most abundant and dominant for all ecosystems investigated proved to be the species Nicrophorus vespilloides. Of the rare beetle species in the investigated forests have been reported species Carabus ullrichi and Lucanus cervus both with the status of vulnerable species.
Dinamica indicilor dendrometrici a speciilor lemnoase de salcâm, ulm și frasin din cariera de calcar „Lafarge Ciment” din Rezina
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Certan Corina , Bulimaga Constantin ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2021

Dynamics of growths in the height and after the diameter of the seedlings, of acacia, elm and ash, had investigated on the freshly formed sterile dump limestone quarry „Lafarge Ciment”. In the first year after planting, the young seedlings, had an increase in height and in diameter slow and uneven. In the years that followed, the seedlings became more viable and less influenced by local and temporal fluctuations of environmental factors. The offspring of the woody species had a sufficiently high (78.8-99.5%).
Tendințe asupra modului de utilizare a terenurilor din cadrul aglomerației Chișinău
Authors:   Universitatea de Stat din Tiraspol, Republica Moldova, Cujba Vadim , Sochirca Elena ,   Universitatea de Stat din Tiraspol, Republica Moldova, Sirbu Rodica ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Titu Pavel ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2021

This article evaluates the tendencies and impact of urbanization on the land use within the Chisinau agglomeration. The research carried out regarding Stăuceni commune, confirms that the periurban area, undergoes a period of significant spatial and functional transformation, influenced by the demographic pressure, poorly controlled urban development and the intensification of the land relations. By implementing the project “Chisinau Arena” on the territory of Stăuceni commune, the plan for territorial expansion of Chisinau city (in peri-urban areas located on major transport axes) is reconfirmed. At the same time, the demographic forecast presented in scenario III, according to UN for population, shows that the Chisinau population will decrease dramatically, towards 2035, therefore it is necessary that the spatial planning plans to be adapted quickly to the pace of demographic changes, to avoid compromising the infrastructure projects and squandering land in the suburban areas.
Indicele de nitrificare a ionilor de amoniu în apele din fluviul Nistru
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Sandu Maria , Tarita Anatolie ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Lozan Raisa ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Mosanu Elena ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Turcan Sergiu ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Goreacioc Tatiana ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2021

The paper presents the fluctuations of the river Dniester Water Nitrification Index, which denotes that downstream of Naslavcea village the nitrification process is intensely (98%), similar to that calculated according information of 2016-2019 years, and towards Palanca village is of 72-79%. Initrif of river Dniester water has a negative correlates with COD-Cr and BOD5, being evidenced the influence on the nitrification process of chemical and biochemical degradable substances, which is attes
Identificarea zonelor sensibile la nutrienți din R.D. Nord
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Mogildea Vladimir , Bejan Iurie ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2021

The evacuation of the insufficiently treated and nutrient-rich wastewater risks triggering the eutrophication of the receiving water bodies, which would lead to an undesirable disturbance of the balance of the organisms present in the water and to a degradation of the water quality. Nutrient-sensitive areas in the Northern Development Region were identified and delimited. They include sections of rivers in which wastewater is discharged from agglomerations in the region with a population bigger than 10,000 l.e. The modernization of the stations and the increase of the treatment plant would be the way to improve the situation.
Development of PPKn learning module based on Surabaya local wisdom to improve student's learning achievement on social cultural diversity materials in Class IV at SDN Kandangan I/121 Surabaya
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Sarmini Sarmini , Setyowati Nanik
Published: August 2021

This study aims to (1) produce a Civics learning module based on local wisdom in Surabaya to improve student achievement in fourth-grade elementary school; (2) describe the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the Civics learning module based on local wisdom in Surabaya to improve learning achievement in the material "Socio-Cultural Diversity". This research is development research that refers to the analysis, design, development, implementation,  and evaluation  (ADDIE) development model. Data collection techniques were carried out by observing, distributing questionnaires, and administering tests. Data analysis technique using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques consisting of the validity of learning tools, analysis of student activities, analysis of the implementation of lesson plans, and learning achievement tests. Learning tools with Civics learning modules are then validated by experts. The results of expert validation stated that the learning tools with the Civics learning module were valid to be used. Then it was tested on fourth-grade students at SDN Kandangan I/121 Surabaya with pre-test and post-test. The results of field trials show (1) learning devices with the developed Civics learning module are categorized as very valid with an average score of 3.73; (2) the practical developed learning tools are based on the implementation of the lesson plans which are categorized as very good with an average implementation percentage of 93.75% and the achievement of student activities which are categorized as very well implemented with an average implementation percentage of 92.31%; (3) effective learning tools developed based on the results of students' learning achievement tests which showed that the N-Gain of 32 students was in the high category with an average of 0.72. It can be concluded that the Civics learning module based on local wisdom in Surabaya is feasible and can improve the learning achievement of fourth-grade students at SDN Kandangan I/121 Surabaya.
Effects of Organic Nitrogen and Carbon Supplementation on Biomethanation of Rice Bran
Authors: Ganiyu O T
Published: August 2021

The effects of organic nitrogen, sucrose and starch on the bio-methanation of rice bran were investigated using digesters of 1-litre capacity operated at ambient temperature (30 â€“ 32oC) and pH of 7 for 20 days. Rice bran and organic nitrogen supplement were varied at ratios 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 and 5:1, while 20g of sucrose and 20 g of starch were added to rice bran as supplements. Fresh strained cow rumen liquor was used as inoculum. There was no significant difference (P<0.05) between non-supplemented and sucrose supplemented feedstock. Starch supplemented feedstock produced more biogas than the sucrose supplemented and the non-supplemented feedstock (P>0.05). Varying the organic nitrogen had no significant effect on the biogas yield (P<0.05).
Studies of Water and Sediment Quality of Owalla Dam, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdus-Salam N
Published: August 2021

Dam water and sediment were collected from ten different locations on Owalla dam to evaluate the quality of the water. The average values of most physical-chemical parameters, the pH, temperature, total dissolved solid (TDS), NO3-, total hardness (TH) were within World Health Organization (WHO) and United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) guidelines for drinking water. There was correlation between the results of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), sulphate and phosphate which were higher than the USEPA, Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) or Canadian standard for drinking water. This is an indication of high load of organic pollutants. The dam sediments are texturally immatured coarse sands dominantly comprised of sub-angular to sub-rounded quartz, alkali feldspars with clay and iron-oxide coatings. The sediments geochemical composition is essentially silica, alumina and iron oxide. Toxic trace elements including Cd and Pb occur in very minor to insignificant concentrations with Igeo (index of geo-accumulation) values classifying the sediments as unpolluted. The sediments are also characterised by variably-high CIA (chemical index of alteration) values (av. 60) which is an indication that their derivation was from moderate to high tropical weathered source areas.
Analysis of Fatty Acid Composition of Thevetia peruviana and Hura crepitans Seed oils using GC-FID
Authors: Alabi K A
Published: August 2021

Fatty acids were extracted from Thevetia peruviana and Hura crepitans seed oils. The quantitative determination of fatty acid composition was carried out for each sample by methylation and application of gas chromatograph (GC-FID). The predominant fatty acids in the T. peruviana and H. crepitans are Palmitic acid (19.10% and 21.67%), Stearic acid (7.31% and 9.66%), Oleic acid (53.40% and 26.91%) and Linoleic acid (19.03% and 36.61%) respectively. In the two oils, the ratios of unsaturated fatty acid were very high about 73% for T. peruviana and 64% for H. crepitans which is an indication that both would be very good sources of oleochemicals for polymer and other industries.
Spatial Assessment of Public Water Supplies in Densely Populated Areas of Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeri
Authors: Agbabiaka T O
Published: August 2021

Water samples collected from public tap supplies at densely populated areas within Ilorin metropolis were analyzed for potability and safety. The study covered a period of twenty-four months. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, residual chlorine, colour, suspended solids and total hardness were determined. The pH of the samples ranged from 7.0 - 7.90 while the range for residual chlorine was 0.5 - 10 mg/l. The suspended solids and total hardness ranged from 0.79 - 46.0 mg/l and 7.0 - 34mg/l respectively. Turbidity of the samples ranged from 0 â€“ 5 NTU, while the colour range was 0 - 5 HU and temperature range was 21 - 300C. The results show that only four (20%) of the twenty samples were potable and free from pathogens while Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp. , Salmonella sp. , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigellla sp. and Enterobacter aerogenes were detected in sixteen (80%) of the samples. The viable total bacterial count ranged between 0.00 â€“ 2.6 x 102 cfu/ml, total coliform count ranged from 0 â€“ 75 MPN/100ml while faecal coliform count ranged from 0.00 â€“ 2.3 x 102 cfu/ml. The presence of coliforms in the samples is indicative of faecal and non-faecal contamination along the supply network, which in some cases could be due to leaching from contaminated environment into corroded pipes along the distribution network used for conveying the treated water that passed through drainage system.
Microbial Deterioration of Tomato Fruit ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) Sold in Three Popular Markets in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Agbabiaka T O
Published: August 2021

The economic loss as a result of spoilage and proliferation of microorganisms on tomato fruits with the possible health risks were the justification for this study. One hundred and fifty tomato fruit samples in different stages of spoilage from three different markets in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria were collected within five weeks and the effect of moisture content on each sample and resulting microflora examined. The pH of the samples ranged from 4.90 - 5.40, while the moisture content ranged from 89.10% - 90.70%. The bacteria counts ranged from 4.00 x 106 - 7.50 x 106 cfu/ml, while the fungal counts ranged from 1.60 x 106 - 3.50 x 106 cfu/ml. A total number of sixteen bacteria and eleven fungi including yeasts were associated with the samples. The bacterial isolates included Aeromonas veronii , Bacillus sp., Neisseria sp., Coryne bacterium renale, Pseudomonas fluorescens , Micrococcus varian s , Moraxella sp., Bacillus polymyxa, Aeromonas hydrophila , Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus megaterium , Corynebacterium ulcerans , Vibrio sp., Proteus mirabilis , Corynebacterium xerosis , and Bacillus brevis while the fungal isolates included Alternaria sp., Botrytis sp., Candida albicans , Candida guilliermondii , Candidatropicalis , Chrysosporium tropicum , Curvularia sp., Doratomyces microsporus , Geotrichum candidum , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , and Rhizopus stolonifer . The high moisture content of the tomato samples provides an enabling environment for proliferation of the microbial load and hence its spoilage and potential to become health risk to human beings.
Fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells using anthocyanidins from the extracts of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa).
Authors: Abdulsalami I O
Published: August 2021

This study extracted, purified and applied the extracts of H. sabdariffa as photo-sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. The chemical properties of the extracts were examined using UV, FT-IR and GC-FID spectroscopic studies. The photoelectrochemical properties of the extracts were also reported. U-V spectra showed significant difference in the absorbance and wavelengths of the crude and purified samples of H. sabdariffa (HSE and HSP respectively). The former has characteristic absorptions of 1.096 at 330 nm and 0.211 at 540 nm, and the latter, 0.211 at 335 nm and 0.334 at 540 nm. Shifts in the wavelengths of the absorption (around 330 â€“ 350 nm) and a characteristic decrease in the absorption between the HSE and HSP were observed. The FT-IR spectra of the HSE and HSP have similar characteristic absorbances peculiar to OH, C=O, C-C double bond (both aliphatic and aromatic) and C-O HSP has two additional absorbances at 2365 cm-1 and 2075cm-1. The spectra of the purified sample have bathochromic (red) shifts on the hydroxyl group and hypsochromic (blue) shifts on the benzene. The GC-FID chromatograms revealed the presence of six anthocyanidins and the spectra data showed the amount of the anthocyanidins in mg per 100 g of the sample. The results showed that delphinidin was in abundance, followed by cyanidin in both samples. The quantities of the delphinidin increased with purity of the samples, while the others decreased with purity for both samples. The photovoltaic performances of HSE and HSP have the fill factors of 0.254 and 0.347 and the overall efficiencies of 0.118% and 0.645% respectively. From these data, the purified sample has higher fill factor and efficiency than the unpurified extract.
Study of Surface Modification of Electrospun Polyethylene Oxide Composite Fibre
Authors: Alayande S O
Published: August 2021

Functionalization of polymers had gained attention because of advance applications as sensor, energy devices, membrane, etc. This present study is aimed at studying surface modification as a result of electrospinning functionalized polyethylene oxide (PEO) with zinc ion.Â  Zinc chloride was added in various proportions to PEO solution then electrospun at various voltage. Fibres resulted into various shapes; belt, rod, mat and thread which differs from the primary PEO. The mechanism for the morphology modification was studied and the optimum conditions which retain the fibrous morphology were noted. This functionalized PEO can be used as energy device.
COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on emergency surgical services: A mini-review
Authors: Assama Riaz  , Dinali Obeysekera  , Maya Itani
Published: August 2021

Background: The global COVID-19 spread is unquestionably one of the leading obstacles of every healthcare system, patient, and healthcare professionals. This leading pandemic has immeasurable effects on every healthcare domain, including surgical care, especially surgical demand for emergency settings. Methods: An extensive data search was done from two leading databases Medline (PubMed) and Google Scholar, by using different keywords. The literature search was done both using individual and combination of keywords. All relevant data published from December 2019 to April 2021 were included and narratively analyzed. Results: Thirteen articles were selected based on COVID-19 and its consequences on emergency Surgical Services including recommendations, guidelines, prioritization, and reporting of surgical case reduction. Conclusion: This global COVID-19 pandemic had influenced all domains of surgery, including emergency surgery, which required urgent surgical attention. Training and multidisciplinary support are necessary for the surgical teams to perform in this critical situation.