bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan niat pendaftaran kekayaan intelektual melalui kesadaran dan citra Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual
Authors: Pandy Ni Putu Noving Paramitha , Cokki Cokki
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to investigate the role of institutional awareness and institutional image on the intention to register with the Directorate General of Intellectual Property. The population targeted in this study includes all Instagram followers of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling through a questionnaire with Google Form, then through the sampling method, a total of 300 followers of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property’s Instagram account participated in the study, then analyzed with PLS-SEM. The research findings confirm that institutional awareness affects the intention to register. Furthermore, the results of the analysis also confirmed that a positive institutional image will lead to a high intention to register. The research findings also demonstrate that the presence of the institutional image can act as a mediating variable between institutional awareness and intention to enroll. This research can contribute to the Directorate General of Intellectual Property in increasing public awareness and strengthening the image of the institution to encourage the intention to register intellectual property.

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menginvestigasi peran kesadaran lembaga dan citra lembaga terhadap niat mendaftar pada Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual. Populasi yang ditargetkan pada penelitian ini mencakup seluruh pengikut Instagram Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling melalui kuesioner dengan Google Form, kemudian melalui metode penentuan sampel, diperoleh sejumlah 300 pengikut akun Instagram Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual yang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian, kemudian dianalisis dengan PLS-SEM. Temuan penelitian mengkonfirmasi bahwa kesadaran lembaga berpengaruh terhadap niat mendaftar. Lebih lanjut, hasil analisis juga menegaskan bahwa citra lembaga yang positif akan mengarah pada niat mendaftar yang tinggi. Temuan penelitian juga mendemonstrasikan bahwa adanya citra lembaga mampu berperan sebagai variabel mediasi antara kesadaran lembaga dan niat mendaftar. Penelitian ini mampu memberikan kontribusi bagi Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dan memperkuat citra lembaga sehingga mendorong niat untuk mendaftarkan kekayaan intelektual.
Effect of radiant heat on straw
Authors: Marková Iveta , Jaďuďová Jana , Tureková Ivana , Giertlová Zuzana
Published: January 2024

The straw is mostly used in agriculture as fodder or bedding for livestock. It is a natural organic material, i.e. flammable. This article deals with the observation of the behaviour of straw when heat loaded to radiant heat. The aim of the article is to experimentally determine the ignition temperature of straw as a function of the time of exposure to radiant heat. At the same time, there was determination straw’s samples of the minimum ignition temperature using isothermal testing on a hot-plate according to EN 50281-2-1:1998. The influence of a selected amount of straw sample on the thermal degradation behaviour, the temperature increase inside the sample and the ignition temperature of the sample as a function of time was observed. There were identification of straw degradation processes (in temperature values °C) as a function of time: Odour, Smoke, Carbonisation of the bottom layer of the sample, Carbonisation of the edges of the sample, Ignition and burning. The value of the straw ignition temperature 380°C is sufficient for the initiation and development of fire.
Flowing Towards Sustainability: Innovations in Campus Water Management
Authors: Mangrulkar Amol , S Archita , Shilpa Abraham Elizabeth , Sagar Pooja
Published: January 2024

This book explores the intricate relationship between urbanization, water security, and climate change, emphasizing the challenges faced by cities distanced from traditional water sources. Focusing on the megacity of Bengaluru, the text highlights the urgency for innovative, sustainable approaches in the Anthropocene era, where climate change and pollution threaten water resources and human well-being. The IIHS Kengeri Campus in Bengaluru serves as a ground-breaking experiment, employing a multidisciplinary approach to develop resilient and sustainable urban water systems. This “living laboratory” integrates science, planning, design, nature-based solutions, and digital technology to address water-related behavior and promote sustainable water use. The experiment at the Campus aims to create climate-resilient cities with universal water access, contributing to healthier ecosystems and more equitable urban lives.
Natural History of IIHS Campus: A Future of Urban Biodiversity
Authors: Mangrulkar Amol , Bakhale Gayatri , Krishnaswamy Jagdish , Deshpande Kadambari , Kulkarni Mihir , A Khare Narmada , Jambhekar Ravi , Satish Ryan , R Atri Sudhanva
Published: January 2024

In the Anthropocene era, the global environmental crisis of mass species extinction and habitat loss poses a significant threat, intensified by climate change-induced events such as droughts, floods, heat stress, and extreme weather. India, with a projected mid-century population exceeding 1.5 billion, faces challenges to food, water, air, and ecological security, particularly in urban areas. Despite these pressures, India has demonstrated a noteworthy commitment to biodiversity conservation since Independence, embedded in its constitutional values.
Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Docking, and in Vitro Screening of New Metal Complexes Derived from Acyclovir Schiff Base with Ciprofloxacin Ligand
Authors: Ahmed Sahbaa Ali , Zedan Sariya Waleed
Published: January 2024

In this work, combining acyclovir with ciprofloxacin (CCP), a new Schiff base and its metal complexes with iron (III), manganese (II), copper (II), zinc (II), and calcium (II) ions are synthesized and structurally characterized by XRD, SEM, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and UV-Visible spectral techniques. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were carried out, and the complexes were tested to resolve any potential hang-ups in opposition to the Herpes virus and DFT calculation studies. In addition, the metal complexes and ligand were screened against antibacterial strains of one gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and three gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia), and it was established that these complexes demonstrate dissimilar bustles of inhibition on the enlargement of the bacteria.
The Anti-cancer Impact of Genetically Engineered Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing GFP Gene Against U87-MG Cell Line
Authors: Rasoul Lubna Muhi
Published: January 2024

A number of disorders characterized by aberrant cell proliferation are referred to as cancers. Cancer is a complicated group of mutagenic diseases that can move or infiltrate to other parts of the body. It develops through a multi-step process. The need for new therapeutic strategies is driven by malignancies resistance to conventional therapies. Use of the Newcastle disease virus as an oncolytic agent has advanced and expanded in immunocompetent carcinoma tumor models by utilizing reverse genetics techniques. Preclinical investigations have shown that recombinant NDV (rNDV-GFP), which expresses foreign genes, is proven to be effective in cancer treatment. Green fluorescent protein gene is usually used as an expression reporter for certain genetically encoded molecular biomarkers. To demonstrate that a gene may be expressed in many organs, interest cells or across an organism, it was utilized to make GFP-expressing biosensors. GFP has been detected in human cells as well as bacteria, yeasts, fungi, fish and other animals. The aim was to investigate the anti-tumor effects of rNDV expressing GFP gene on U78-MG glioblastoma cell line in vitro. This research examined in vitro the anticancer activity of genetically modified Newcastle disease virus strains that express GFP (rClone3-GFP) using the MTT test (a colorimetric assay for measuring cell metabolic activity) on the U87-MG glioblastoma cell line. Recombinant viruses were found to be able to trigger a time-dependent demise of tumor cells death starting 96 hours after inoculation. Using reverse genetics, we inserted GFP-coding regions between the F and HN genes in the lentogenic NDVClone30 strain's genome which was named as rNDV-GFP. The recombinant NDV-GFP strains that produce GFP showed promising results for inhibiting growth of tumor cells. Our study paved the way for the use of recombinant NDV as an anticancer viral vector. Our results suggest that NDV-GFP is a promising therapeutic for glioblastoma cancer treatment.
Association of rs965513 Polymorphism Near FOXE1 Gene with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a sample of Iraqi patients
Authors: Alshaikhli Reyam J. , Alkazaz Abdulkareem A. , Aljanabi Abbas A.
Published: January 2024

Thyroid carcinoma incidence is increasing yearly and ranks second among the top ten cancers in Iraq, especially among women. The single nucleotide polymorphism (rs965513, A>C) near FOXE1 gene was found to be associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma risk in several Genome-wide association studies. Therefore, this is a case-control study aimed at identifying whether this variation is associated with the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the Iraqi population. Association of rs965513 was investigated in one hundred and one papillary thyroid carcinoma Iraqi patients and one hundred and two controls using quantitative PCR-high resolution melting technique. The results of genotype and allele frequencies showed that there is a strong association between rs965513 and papillary thyroid carcinoma. The allele C was significantly associated with the disease as a risk factor (P < 0.0003, odd ratio (OR): 2.1014, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3987-3.1570), while the allele A represents a protective factor (OR=0.4759). In conclusion, the allele C in rs965513 near FOXE1 gene is strongly associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma in the Iraqi population.
The Inhibitory Effect of Conocarpus Lancifolius Leaf Extract on Protease Produced by Clinical Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolate
Authors: K. A. Asawer , Shawkat M. S.
Published: January 2024

The study was aimed at inhibiting the protease produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa using an 80% alcoholic extract of Conocarpus lancifolius leaves. A total of 146 isolates of P. aeruginosa that were isolated and identified by microscopic and biochemical tests were 51 isolates submitted to primary and secondary screening techniques in order to choose the qualified P. aeruginosa isolate for protease synthesis. Among these isolates, forty-seven isolates showed hydrolysis zones on skim milk media (primary screening); six isolates were chosen for secondary screening. The result revealed that P. aeruginosa P51 had the highest ability to produce the enzyme, with a specific activity of 15.9 U/mg protein. In addition, the study included extracting the leaves of C. lancifolius using 80% ethanolic alcohol and conducting the GC-MC assay and the HPLC assay of the plant extract. The results revealed a significantly decreased specific activity of protease from 15.9 to 1.2 U/mg after treatment with 0.8 µg/ml of alcoholic extract of C. lancifolius leaves.
Comparison Study of Plasma-Activated Water and Plasma Jet Effects on Escherichia coli Bacteria for the Disinfection of Tooth Root Canal
Authors: Hameed Tamara A. , Humud Hammad R.
Published: January 2024

This study compares the effects of plasma jet and plasma-activated water on teeth root canals contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria. A plasma jet system was developed for biological purposes that operate at atmospheric pressure. The plasma jet works with argon gas and is generated by a power supply, which supplies a sinusoidal alternating voltage of 12 kV of 20 kHz frequency. The system was optically diagnosed, as it was found that the peaks of the nitrogen spectrum were obtained at the wavelength (300- 450) nm with the appearance of hydroxide peaks at 380 nm. Extracted teeth with one root canal were used, which were contaminated with bacteria and divided into two groups to be treated with a plasma jet and plasma-activated water. The first group was treated with a plasma jet at a gas flow of 2.5 L/min with a change of treatment time from 0.5 to 3 minutes. The number of killed bacteria colonies increased when the exposure time increased (2.7×108 CFU per mL - 0), and the total killing of bacteria was obtained at 3 minutes treatment time. While the second group was treated with plasma-activated water; the water used to kill the bacteria was treated with plasma for one hour at a gas flow rate of 1 L/min. The measured concentrations of (NO2, NO3, and H2O2) of this water were (10, 100 and 200) ppm. The teeth were treated with plasma-activated water for different times that ranged between (5- 35) minutes. Different bacterial killing rates were obtained at these times, and the total bacterial killing rate was obtained for 35 minutes of treatment time. The obtained results found that the response of bacteria to treatment with plasma jet is better than treatment with plasma-activated water.
Proposed Security Models for Node-level and Network-level Aspects of Wireless Sensor Networks Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Abirami A , Palanikumar S.
Published: January 2024

As a result of the pandemic crisis and the shift to digitization, cyber-attacks are at an all-time high in the modern day despite good technological advancement. The use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is an indicator of technical advancement in most industries. For the safe transfer of data, security objectives such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability must be maintained. The security features of WSN are split into node level and network level. For the node level, a proactive strategy using deep learning /machine learning techniques is suggested. The primary benefit of this proactive approach is that it foresees the cyber-attack before it is launched, allowing for damage mitigation. A cryptography algorithm is put forth and contrasted with the current algorithms at the network level. Elliptic Curve Cryptography combined with the Koblitz encoding technique produced superior results. By implementing machine learning and deep learning techniques, wireless sensor networks are protected against cyber-attacks, and the suggested encryption approach ensures the confidentiality of data transfer. The estimated encryption and decryption times were evaluated with various file sizes and contrasted with the current systems. The suggested solutions were successful in achieving security at both the node level and network level.
Energy Consumption Prediction of Smart Buildings by Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Haboubi Sofiene , Ben Salem Oussama
Published: January 2024

This paper presents an IoT smart building platform with fog and cloud computing capable of performing near real-time predictive analytics in fog nodes. The researchers explained thoroughly the internet of things in smart buildings, the big data analytics, and the fog and cloud computing technologies. They then presented the smart platform, its requirements, and its components. The datasets on which the analytics will be run will be displayed. The linear regression and the support vector regression data mining techniques are presented. Those two machine learning models are implemented with the appropriate techniques, starting by cleaning and preparing the data visualization and uncovering hidden information about the behavior of the smart building appliances using the energy consumption feature. Afterwards, the implementation of two regression models to predict total energy consumption began. On a hospital database, the two techniques' performances are compared and validated. The results achieved are promising and prove the reliability of the IoT smart building platform.
Synthesis and Structural Views on New Azo Ligand and Its Metal Complexes with Some of their Application
Authors: Fadhil Asmaa Edrees , Abbas Alyaa Khider
Published: January 2024

In this work,  we presented a study of the structural formula for a new series of complexes with Ag(I), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) derived from the guanine azo dye ligand 2-amino-8-((3-hydroxyphenyl)diazinyl)-1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one (HAG), which is investigated using various physicochemical analyses, spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, U.V-VIS, and 1H NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In addition, elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, and molar conductance measurements were all stabilized. As well as the mole ratio, stability constant, and Gibbs free energy were studied for all complexes, where they showed high stability and spontaneous synthesis. The Cu(II) complex was suggested to have octahedral stereochemistry, while the Ag(I), Zn(II), and Cd(II) complexes were suggested to have tetrahedral stereochemistry. The ligand has been demonstrated to be a useful acid-base indicator, and it has been shown that the ligand (HAG) and its complexes exhibit high photostability and have various colors that can be used to dye wool materials.
The Correlation between SMBH and SFR for Quasars
Authors: Rashed Yasir Ezzuldeen
Published: January 2024

A Spectroscopic study has been focused in this article to study one of the main types of active galaxies which are quasars, and to be more precise this research focuses on studying the correlation between the main engine of Quasi-Stellar Objects (QSO), the central black hole mass (SMBH) and other physical properties (e.g. the star formation rate (SFR)). Twelve objects have been randomly selected for “The Half Million Quasars (HMQ) Catalogue” published in 2015 and the data collected from Salon Digital Sky survey (SDSS) Dr. 16. The redshift range of these galaxies were between (0.05 – 0.17). The results show a clear linear proportionality between the SMBH and the SFR, as well as direct proportional between the luminosity at V-band and the central black hole masses of the QSO. Furthermore, the calculation exhibits the ration between the SMBH and it hosts bulge approximately equal to 10-3.
Water Quality Assessment, Antibiotic Resistance and Plasmid Profiles of Bacteria Isolated from Asa River, Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Sule Ismaila  Olawale , Adekunle Olutoyin  Catherine , Adebesin Ibrahim Olakunle , Abdulsalam Zainab Biola , Oladunjoye Olatunji Iyiola , Muhammed Mariam
Published: January 2024

Bodies of water are usually being polluted by wastes from domestic and industrial sources thereby making them unfit for use. Hence, this study aimed at assessing the water quality from Asa River, Ilorin, Nigeria in terms of bacteriological and physicochemical parameters. The bacteriological parameters assessed were heterotrophic bacterial count, total coliform, faecal coliform, identification of the isolates, antibiotic resistance patterns, and plasmid profile of the isolates.  Whereas, the assessed physicochemical parameters were pH, total chloride, suspended solid, and total hardness. The heterotrophic bacterial count, total coliform, and faecal coliform counts ranged from 7.6 x 103 to 3.2 x 106 cfu/ml, 9 to 24000 MPN/ 100ml and 0 to 6.0 x 103 cfu/ml respectively. Bacteriological analysis showed that the water contained arrays of bacteria heavily contaminated with pathogens. The genera of bacteria isolated were Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Brevundimonas, Enterococcus, Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Proteus, Pasteurella and Aeromonas. The pH, total hardness, total chloride, and suspended solids of the water ranged from 6.2 to 7.9, 128 to 291 mg/l, 6.21 to 17.04 mg/l and 170 to 310 mg/l respectively. All the Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to cefuroxime, cefixime, augmentin, and ceftazidime. Whereas all the Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to cefuroxime, cloxacillin, augmentin, and vancomycin. The bacteria also showed multiple antibiotic resistance. The resistance of Pasteurella multocida to nitrofurantoin was plasmid mediated. After plasmid curing, Brevundimonas diminuta was susceptible to ciprofloxacin and intermediately susceptible to gentamicin, while Pseudomonas fluorescens was susceptible to ofloxacin and ceftazidime and intermediately susceptible to ciprofloxacin.   It was concluded that the water from Asa River at the different sampling points was unsafe in term of bacteriological as well as some physicochemical qualities. It is recommended that this water should not be used in its present state without treatment. Discharge of industrial, agricultural and domestic wastes should be stopped; and open defecation at the bank of this river should be discouraged.
Comparison Study Between Crude and Purified L-Asparaginase From Bacillus Spp. for Reduction of Acrylamide Level During Fries Processing
Authors: H. Sahar I. , H. Zaid A.
Published: January 2024

Acrylamide is a toxic chemical that is created when foods are heated; it is also available in foods containing different additives. The purpose of the study was to determine whether Bacillus spp. isolates could reduce the concentration of acrylamide in food, as well as to compare the different treatments of crude and pure L-asparaginase produced from the same bacteria in acrylamide reduction in potato slices. Our findings reveal that this bacterium could degrade acrylamide and reduce its concentration. Furthermore, the acrylamide content of potato slices reduced dramatically with increasing enzymatic treatment time, reaching the under detection limit (UDL) after 30 minutes of treatment with 84 U/ml of crude and purified L-asparaginase. In addition, the purified enzyme is more active in removing acrylamide from potato slices than the crude enzyme at all three times. The removal efficiency rises as the enzyme concentration increases. After bleaching the potato slices for 20 minutes at 80 °C with 84 U/ml of pure enzyme, the acrylamide level was totally decreased.
Inference for Generalized Inverted Exponential Distribution UnderProgressive Type-I Interval Censored Data
Authors: Hasan Rana , Al-Mosawi Riyadh R. , Qader Abdullah Abdul
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the estimation methods for parameters of a generalized inverted exponential distribution with different estimation methods by using Progressive type-I interval censored data. In addition to conventional maximum likelihood estimation, the mid-point method, probability plot method and method of moments are suggested for parameter estimation. To get maximum likelihood estimates, we utilize the Newton-Raphson, expectation -maximization and stochastic expectation-maximization methods. Furthermore, the approximate confidence intervals for the parameters are obtained via the inverse of the observed information matrix. The Monte Carlo simulations are used to introduce numerical comparisons of the proposed estimators. In addition, we use the percentile bootstrapping technique that is used to calculate confidence intervals. The proposed methodology in a real-life using the survival times of guinea pigs inoculated with different doses of tubercle bacilli data are considered to offer the applicability of the suggested methods.
Air Quality Analysis of the Capitol City in Developing Countries During COVID-19 Emergency Care Based on Internet of Things Data
Authors: Arin Ikrar Adinata , Ramadhan Arief , Abdurachman Edi , Trisetyarso Agung , Zarlis Muhammad
Published: January 2024

This paper attempts to develop statistical modeling for air-conditioning analysis in Jakarta, Indonesia, during an emergency state of community activity restrictions enforcement (Emergency CARE), using a variety of parameters such as PM10, PM2.5, SO2, CO, O3, and NO2 from five IoT-based air monitoring systems. The parameters mentioned above are critical for assessing the air quality conditions and concentration of air pollutants.  Outdoor air pollution concentration variations before and after the Emergency CARE, which was held in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic on July 3-21, 2021, were studied. An air quality monitoring system based on the IoT generates sensor data that is collected from a government-integrated data portal, and that can be analyzed statistically. There are two main types of ANOVA (Analysis of Variance): one-way (or unidirectional) and two-way, which are applied to the collected sensor data and hypotheses calculated using ANOVA. ANOVA one-way was found to be more effective for analyzing air quality condition data. During emergency CARE, the average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and O3 from the air quality monitoring system show values that have exceeded the standard Air Quality Index (AQI), while the concentrations of CO, NO₂, and SO₂ are still below the applicable AQI values. It stated that air pollution in Jakarta worsened during the implementation of Emergency CARE.
Predicting COVID-19 in Iraq using Frequent Weighting for Polynomial Regression in Optimization Curve Fitting
Authors: AL-Mukhtar MD , Al-Zubaidi Ammar S. , Albadri Mustafa N.
Published: January 2024

The worldwide pandemic Coronavirus (Covid-19) is a new viral disease that spreads mostly through nasal discharge and saliva from the lips while coughing or sneezing. This highly infectious disease spreads quickly and can overwhelm healthcare systems if not controlled. However, the employment of machine learning algorithms to monitor analytical data has a substantial influence on the speed of decision-making in some government entities.        ML algorithms trained on labeled patients’ symptoms cannot discriminate between diverse types of diseases such as COVID-19. Cough, fever, headache, sore throat, and shortness of breath were common symptoms of many bacterial and viral diseases.
This research focused on the numerous tendencies and projected expansion of the Iraq pandemic to encourage people and governments to take preventive measures. This work is an established basic benchmark for demonstrating machine learning's capabilities for pandemic prediction.
The suggested approach for forecasting the number of COVID-19 cases can assist governments in taking safeguards to avoid the disease's spread. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of our strategy using publicly available datasets and models. A polynomial network is trained on this premise, and the parameters are optimized using frequent weighting. When compared to linear models, the polynomial model predicts better and is more effective in forecasting COVID-19 new confirmed cases. As well, it aims to analyze the spread of COVID-19 in Iraq and optimize polynomial regression. In time series-based models, curve fitting using frequent weighting to implement models such as linear regression and polynomial regression is utilized to estimate the new daily infection number. The datasets were collected from March 13, 2020, to December 12, 2021. The continuous COVID-19 pandemic puts both human lives and the economy at risk. If AI could forecast the next daily hospitalization number, it may be a useful tool in combating this pandemic sickness.
A Recent Trends in eBooks Recommender Systems: A Comparative Survey
Authors: Saleh Abdullah Mohammed Saleh , Taqa Alaa Yaseen
Published: January 2024

The great progress in information and communication technology has led to a huge increase in data available. Traditional systems can't keep up with this growth and can't handle this huge amount of data. Recommendation systems are one of the most important areas of research right now because they help people make decisions and find what they want among all this data. This study looked at the research trends published in Google Scholar within the period 2018-2022 related to recommending, reviewing, analysing, and comparing ebooks research papers. At first, the research papers were collected and classified based on the recommendation model used, the year of publication, and then they were compared in terms of techniques, datasets utilised, problems, contributions, and evaluation methods used. It was found that many in-depth studies of book recommendation systems directly affect how those systems grow. Many researchers interested in book recommendation systems can learn about the many parts of the field by looking at how the study was put together.
Detection of Leptin and Ghrelin Hormones and the Expression of their Receptors in Iraqi Obese Individuals
Authors: Alsaffar Sura F. , Jumaa Hind M. , Baqer Noor N.
Published: January 2024

Obesity is a complex disease and a major worldwide health hazard with adult mortality. Obesity is defined by an increase in the body-mass index of 30 kg m−2 or greater. It belongs to the genetic predisposition and more consumption of high-energy foods and decreased requirement for physical activity in modern society. This study was designed to evaluate leptin and ghrelin hormones levels and the gene expression of leptin and ghrelin receptors in obese individuals. Seventy-five obese (45 females and 30 males) and 25 (15 females and 10 male) normal individuals were admitted to the Obesity Research and Therapeutic Unit at Alkindy College of Medicine/ University of Baghdad. All blood samples were pulled from obese and normal weight individuals. Leptin and ghrelin hormones were evaluated by ELISA technique and leptin and ghrelin receptors expressions were estimated by RT-PCR. Leptin level was lower in obese than normal 2.74±0.14 ng/ml, 3.47± 0.38 ng/ml respectively. While ghrelin level was higher in obese than normal (26.3 ± 0.56 ng/ml, 17.3 ± 0.5 ng/ml respectively). There was a significant decrease in leptin receptor Ob-Rb mRNA expression in obese individuals (P<0.05). Obese individuals had more ghrelin receptor GHS-R mRNA expression than normal people. In conclusion, obese patients were found to have higher ghrelin hormone and GHS-R as well as low leptin and Ob-Rb mRNA expressions.
Improved Naked Mole-Rat Algorithm Based on Variable Neighborhood Search for the N-Queens Problem
Authors: Hussein Samer Alaa , Zahid Idrees A.
Published: January 2024

Solving problems via artificial intelligence techniques has widely prevailed in different aspects. Implementing artificial intelligence optimization algorithms for NP-hard problems is still challenging. In this manuscript, we work on implementing the Naked Mole-Rat Algorithm (NMRA) to solve the n-queens problems and overcome the challenge of applying NMRA to a discrete space set. An improvement of NMRA is applied using the aspect of local search in the Variable Neighborhood Search algorithm (VNS) with 2-opt and 3-opt. Introducing the Naked Mole Rat algorithm based on variable neighborhood search (NMRAVNS) to solve N-queens problems with different sizes. Finding the best solution or set of solutions within a plausible amount of time is the main goal of the NMRAVNS algorithm. The improvement of the proposed algorithm boosts the exploitation capability of the basic NMRA and gives a greater possibility, with the emerging search strategies, to find the global best solution. This algorithm proved successful and outperformed other algorithms and studies with a remarkable target. A detailed comparison is performed, and the data results are presented with the relevant numbers and values. NMRA and NMRAVNS comparisons are implemented and recorded. Later on, a comparison between the Meerkat Clan Algorithm, Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization, and NMRAVNS is tested and presented. Finally, NMRAVNS is evaluated against the examined genetic-based algorithm and listed to prove the success of the proposed algorithm. NMRAVNS outperformed previous findings and scored competitive results with a high number of queen sizes, where an average time reduction reached about 87% of other previous findings.
Content Validity-Based Evaluation Criteria System for Siting Wind-Solar Plants
Authors: Sachit Mourtadha Sarhan , Shafri Helmi Zulhaidi Mohd , Abdullah Ahmad Fikri , Rafie Azmin Shakrine Mohd , Hanoon Sadeq Khaleefah
Published: January 2024

The spatial assessment criteria system for hybridizing renewable energy sources, such as hybrid solar-wind farms, is critical in selecting ideal installation sites that maximize benefits, reduce costs, protect the environment, and serve the community. However, a systematic approach to designing indicator systems is rarely used in relevant site selection studies. Therefore, the current paper attempts to present an inclusive framework based on content validity to create an effective criteria system for siting wind-solar plants. To this end, the criteria considered in the related literature are captured, and the top 10 frequent indicators are identified. The Delphi technique is used to subject commonly used factors to expert judgments. Other factors are considered according to expert recommendations. In this context, the assessment tool was a combination of questionnaires and interviews with experts from scientific backgrounds that reflect the measurement target. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) is applied along with the modified Kappa statistic (k*) to analyze expert ratings and suggestions. The results demonstrate the superiority of 9 and 4 commonly used factors and the suggested factors, respectively. The 13 criteria have achieved high agreement among experts at I-CVIs ≥ 0.78 and k*s > 0.76. The conclusion can be drawn that the modified Kappa statistic used in this analysis has a more significant effect on eliminating irrelevant factors. The current methodology and consequences might pave the way for making informed decisions to locate wind and solar farms.
A Study of Drinking Water Properties in Some Hospitals in Baghdad City
Authors: Al Fatlawy Yaaroub Faleh Khalef , Kadhim Faiza , Mahdii Beadaa Abdalqader
Published: January 2024

One of the bigger problems in drinking water is disinfection by-products (DBPs) that come from chlorinated disinfection. This study’s goal was to evaluate the drinking water in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Ibn Sina Hospital and Ibn-Al-Nafis Hospital.  Samples were collected between October 2018 and September 2019. Physical and chemical characteristics of the water were studied, including (temperature, hydrogen ion (pH), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, free residual chlorine, total organic carbon (TOC), total trihalomethanes (THMs), total halo acetic acid (THAAs)). Data analysis showed the highest value of study temperature, pH, TDS, EC, turbidity, free residual chlorine and TOC which was 37oC, 8.4,790 mg/l, 1251 µS/cm-1, 15 NTU, 1.7 mg/l, and 6.7 mg/l  respectively. Total trihalomethanes (THMs) results of drinking water samples from different sites showed that the highest value was 129.6 µg/l in Ibn Sina Hospital during summer while the lowest value was 41.3 µg/l in Ibn Sina Hospital in winter. The results of total halo acetic acid (THAAs) of drinking water sampled from different sites showed that the highest value of 72.9 µg/l was recorded in the sample collected from Ibn Sina Hospital during summer and the lowest THAAs water content of 40.2 µg/l was obtained in the sample collected from Ibn-Al-Nafis during winter. The results of this research were acceptable and within the range of Iraqi standards.
Tradycyjna Medycyna Chińska a COVID-19
Authors: Drwal Piotr
Published: January 2024

The increasing number of COVID-19 infections during the subsequent waves of the pandemic and the inquiries from patients looking for natural treatment have shown a need for a holistic approach to the problem and for a treatment including herbs, supported with everyday diet, as something natural in man’s functioning. This article points to some aspects of treatment of coronavirus patients based on the traditional Chinese medicine with the use of herbs and other therapeutic agents, including food, which can be good or bad for the treatment. Food products must be selected very carefully during the treatment. It has been shown that the temperature in lungs is the main factor of the disease. The combination of the official medicine, herbs and adequate diet during the treatment is of considerable significance. The tables present the names of herbs and food products to be used for this purpose. Attention should be paid to the harmful impact of smoking that increases the risk of respiratory diseases and causes dyspnea. This article contains suggested methods of natural treatment for patients looking for alternative treatment that may considerably relieve symptoms of the disease.
Ginkgo biloba w łagodzeniu objawów neurologicznych po przebyciu COVID-19
Authors: Matławska Irena
Published: January 2024

COVID-19 is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, multi-organ, with a wide spectrum of symptoms, the most common being pneumonia with fever, dry cough and shortness of breath. There are more and more reports of persistent long-term effects, especially after acute disease. Regardless of the way the virus enters the brain, it attacks neurons, contributing to neurological complications. The main symptoms of the central and peripheral nervous system are dizziness and headaches, impaired consciousness, sometimes acute ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhages, loss of taste and smell, visual disturbances, neuralgia and skeletal muscle damage. After recovery, patients experience symptoms such as persistent fatigue, diffuse muscle aches, symptoms of depression, non-renewable sleep, tinnitus, and erectile dysfunction. Early intervention and supportive care at the end of the acute phase of COVID-19 could alleviate the symptoms of the disease as well as prevent their long-term consequences. Taking into account plant raw materials, the standardized extract of Ginkgo leaves (Ginkgo biloba) may be useful at various stages of the disease: it prevents the penetration of the virus into the host cells, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antithrombotic properties, and above all, it is the only plant material with proven neuroprotective and neuroregulatory properties, widely used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and other diseases and disorders related to the nervous system.
Zawartość związków fenolowych oraz pierwiastków w orzechach ziemnych
Authors: Stanicka Karolina , Woźniak Magdalena , Krueger Michał , Waśkiewicz Agnieszka , Kędzia Elżbieta , Ratajczak Izabela
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Peanuts also known as arachidic nuts, are a valuable raw material commonly used in the food industry, including in confectionery, for the production of oil or peanut butter. Peanuts are a valuable source of protein and are rich in unsaturated fatty acids. Peanuts also owe their health-promoting properties to the presence of phenolic compounds, which are characterized by wide biological activity, including antibacterial and antifungal activity, as well as catch free radicals, which are the cause of many civilization diseases. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the content of phenolic compounds as well as macro- and microelements in peanuts. Material and methods. Peanuts were used in the research, in which the concentration of phenolic compounds was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and the content of macro- and microelements by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Results. The presence of phenolic compounds in peanuts was confirmed, their concentration was very diverse and ranged from 10.85 ng/g for caffeic acid to 5818.67 ng/g for syringic acid. The analysis of the content of macro- and microelements also showed their different content, from a trace amount to 3.55 μg/g for magnesium. Conclusions. The obtained results of the research on the content of phenolic compounds as well as macro- and microelements in arachidic nuts available on the Polish market indicate that they are a valuable source of ingredients with a positive effect on the human body, and thus their consumption may have an impact on preventing the development of many civilization diseases.
Linear Parameter-Varying Polytopic Modeling and Control Design for Guided Projectiles
Authors: Vinco Gian Marco , Sename Olivier , Strub Guillaume , Theodoulis Spilios
Published: January 2024

In this paper, a linear parameter varying (LPV) modeling and control design approach is applied to a new class of guided projectiles, aiming to exploit the advantages of the LPV framework in terms of guaranteed stability and performance. The investigated concept consists of a planar symmetric 155 mm fin-stabilized projectile equipped with a reduced amount of control actuators and characterized by a predominantly unstable behavior across the analyzed flight envelope. A dedicated modeling procedure allows reformulating the nonlinear projectile dynamics as a LPV polytopic system, employed for the controller design. The procedure intends to reduce the computational complexity and the conservativeness affecting the overall controller synthesis. A trajectory-tracking simulation scenario is performed in a realistic simulator environment to assess the performance of the resulting LPV polytopic autopilot across the entire flight envelope.
A Female Egyptian Statuette in the Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Madrid
Authors: JARAMAGO Miguel
Published: January 2024

In this paper, a silver sculpture that entered the Egyptian collection of the Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Madrid, in 2005 is studied. It is a striding figure on a rectangular base, registered as an image of the Egyptian goddess Khereduankh, and dated to the Ptolemaic Period. In this study, a possible attribution to the goddess Renpetneferet is not ruled out and the results of a metallographic analysis are used to establish a more accurate date of the production of the sculpture
Napatan Tomb Decorations. Loans from Private Theban Burials in the Royal Kushite Necropolises
Authors: PETACCHI Simone
Published: January 2024

This paper deals with the funerary architecture of the royal necropolises of the Napata Kingdom where an evident influence comes from the Theban elitist models of the Asasif. These decorative loans were randomly chosen and in use in Nubia following a specific local taste in relation to the layout of the tombs, their figurative and epigraphical decorations. They show an independent, adaptive and selective emulation, as well as a personal mingling of Egyptian models, sometimes reinterpreting them, shaping new patterns in visual art and creating an indigenous textual program within the burial chambers. Egyptian religion had a key role in the provision of textual corpuses even in periods of conflict, when a continuous trade of religious equipment and scriptural material were brought to Napata through an international market system managed by religious institutions.
Use of Instagram as a Medium for Adolescence Self-Identity Construction
Authors: Aulia Farah , Putri Kinkin Yuliaty Subarsa
Published: January 2024

As social creatures, humans have a need to interact and communicate with others. Humans have many ideas, ideas, opinions, that need to be conveyed to meet their needs. Communication becomes a bridge that becomes a link in delivering messages so as to form understanding. In the era of rapidly developing technology, the face of communication has undergone a significant evolution. Communication can not only be done face-to-face, but now it can be through social media intermediaries. Instagram is a social media with many users in Indonesia. Instagram has advantages that can attract adolescents, so adolescents are active Instagram users. Through its use, Instagram can be a medium of self-identity construction. Adolescence is a period of searching for self-identity. Instagram users, especially adolescents, tend to share photos and videos that can represent themselves in front of an audience. This study discusses the use of Instagram as a medium of self-identity construction for adolescents. The subjects of this study were adolescents with an age limit of 19 years and domiciled in Jakarta. This research uses a quantitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of surveys. The results showed that Instagram is effective in the formation of self-identity through the consistency of content and narratives made according to self-representation.
Evaluation of Satisfaction Levels of Women Journalists With Regards to the Consumption of OTT Contents: A Study of Karnataka
Authors: Philomina  , Kolar Tahmeena Nigar Sultana
Published: January 2024

In our everyday lifestyle we spend too much time in front of electronic gadgets. The vast range of development of media and visual entertainment is not a big thing for everyone and it’s widely accessible through mobile phones. The new form of media content spreading through the streaming services means OTT Platforms like Amazon Prime Video, Netflix, Voot, Zee5, and etc. availability of OTT Platforms is not a big thing because many streaming platforms give such a freemium option for their viewers. But one thing we all should be aware of is that some contents are released on OTT because they are unlikely to be released on theatre and TV, which is subject to regulation by the Central board of film certification (CBFC) and Broadcasting content complaints council (BCCC) and etc. So, Streaming Platforms has not any regulatory restriction to broadcast web contents and it gets more liberty in the absence of censorship. The main purpose of this study to assess awareness of OTT platforms among women journalists and to know satisfaction level of OTT Content. For this study descriptive research method was adopted and the primary data collected through the survey method. A total 80 number of the respondents were selected.  It is found from the study that majority of the women journalist were aware about the OTT platform and they were very satisfied with the content of the OTT.
Experimentally uncovering isolas via backbone tracking.
Authors: Woiwode Lukas , Krack Malte
Published: January 2024

It is known that isolated frequency response branches (isolas) can occur near primary resonances under modal interactions or nonlinear damping. The present work demonstrates how emergence and vanishing of such isolas can be systematically analyzed in an experiment. Feedback control of the phase is employed to track the phase-resonant backbone curve. In addition, the amplitude of the response is controlled, as the excitation level undergoes turning points in the presence of an isola. The acquired data indicates what excitation levels lead to the formation of an isola / its merging with the main branch. Some further analysis of the data permits to characterize possible internal resonances and amplitude-dependent damping. To assess the proposed method, a test rig is considered which involves two similar cantilevered beams undergoing soft collisions via a unilateral spring. A simplified model, which relies on linear modal damping and a massless unilateral spring, suggests that isolas should appear as a result of internal resonances. In contrast, the experiment shows an isola due to nonlinear damping. More specifically, the damping ratio first increases substantially due to the frictional dissipation in inevitable joints. Subsequently, the unilateral interactions scatter energy to other modes (in a non-resonant way), which have much lower damping. This leads to a sudden drop of the effective damping ratio with the amplitude, and leads to the formation of an isola.