bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Digital Communication Paths in Contemporary Politics and Marxist Thought
Authors: Li Yulan
Published: February 2024

In the context of digital technological change and media convergence, how to quantitatively analyze the digital communication path of contemporary politics and Marxist thought has become a new problem to be solved. The objective of this paper is to create a model for analyzing the digital communication path of political information and Marxist thought. The degree correlation in the social network algorithm is used to analyze the correlation between the information nodes of contemporary politics and Marxist thought, and the clustering coefficients are used to predict the behavior and evolution of the nodes in the dissemination network. The dissemination model of contemporary politics and Marxist ideology can be explored by combining the infectious disease information dissemination model on the network platform. After the construction has been completed, the model is employed to evaluate the relevant information of a network platform. The early stages of the spread of political and Marxist-related information resulted in 180,000 crowd contacts becoming information exposers and quickly reaching the peak point. The peak point of 119,800 people is quickly reached when both intentional and unintentional communicators of political messages increase. Node density reaches 0.94 and then declines roughly 24 hours after the political message is released. The model employed in this paper is capable of effectively analyzing the digital dissemination path of politics and Marxist ideology and providing a reference for exploring the digital dissemination of political information.
Application of Independent Learning Mode for College Students Based on Online-Offline Integration in the Internet Era
Authors: Lu Yanping
Published: February 2024

In this paper, in the process of building an online-offline integrated independent learning model, we propose to better adapt suitable learning resources for learners using knowledge clustering. Based on the characteristics of CURE clustering algorithm, which has strong generalization ability but high complexity, the optimized ACURE algorithm is designed by making improvements in two stages: preprocessing and class merging. Secondly, to test the performance of the optimized ACURE algorithm, decentralized representative points are used to represent the clustering of the ACURE algorithm. Next, a questionnaire survey was conducted among college students and teachers using random and stratified sampling to analyze their perceptions of this merged autonomous teaching model. Finally, the combined autonomous teaching model was applied to actual teaching and its effectiveness was analyzed through teaching control. The results show that the ACURE algorithm presents perfect clustering from the contraction factor 0.3. The overall percentage of teachers’ cognition exceeds 75%, and the overall percentage of students’ cognition exceeds 50%. In the second stage test result of practical application, the experimental class is higher than the control class up to 3.87, and the effect of the integrated autonomous teaching model is distinct.
“Please, Help Me in My Great Sorrow”. Concerning Akhmatova’s Efforts to Free Her Son (New Details) Article two
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rubinchik O.E.
Published: February 2024

This paper consists of two parts (articles) and focuses on Anna Akhmatova’s efforts to free her son after his arrest in 1949. A series of unpublished material from 1954–1956 from Gershtein’s archive at the Russian State Library (fond 641) is published. Emma Gerstein, a literary scholar and long-time friend of Akhmatova, was selflessly involved in Akhmatova’s concern for her son. The first article in the previous issue included two letters from Akhmatova to the writer and influential literary and party functionary Mikhail Sholokhov, as well as petitions from major scholars about Lev Gumilev asking for an expedited review of the prominent historian. The second article includes a letter from Akhmatova to the poet and “Soviet grandee” Aleksei Surkov – not from the Gerstein archive, but thematically related to the rest of them. A typewritten copy of this letter is held in the Manuscripts Department of the Russian National Library at the Akhmatova Archive (fond 1073). Over the decades Surkov tried, wherever possible, to help Akhmatova and contributed to the publication of her books. As the first secretary of the Union of Writers, he was actively involved in the efforts to free Lev Gumilev. The article also publishes an unknown letter from Akhmatova to Aleksandr Fadeev, a writer, party official and major literary official of the Stalinist era. In connection with the 1946 decree, he was involved ex officio in harassing Akhmatova, while unofficially trying to help her, and subsequently did much to bring her back into Soviet literature. Fadeev also made efforts to help Akhmatova free her son. The letter to Fadeev is reproduced from a typewritten draft with corrections in Gerstein’s hand. The publication of the documents is accompanied by Gerstein’s “Explanations” in the fond 641, together with Akhmatova’s letters, and an extensive commentary, which includes an account of Akhmatova’s relationship to Surkov and Fadeev and her situation during the Khrushchev Thaw.
“Childhood” by L.N. Tolstoy in Marina Stepnova’s Novel “The Garden”
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Abramova K.V.
Published: February 2024

Our article is devoted to the analysis of Marina Stepnova’s novel “The Garden” from the point of view of the intertextual embodiment of the theme of childhood in it. Marina Stepnova’s text is structured in such a way that it suggests reading it precisely from the point of view of intertext: the author weaves recognizable quotes from various works into the narrative, which are considered as allusions referring to the works of classical Russian and foreign literature. We consider Stepnova’s novel as a reflection in it of L. N. Tolstoy’s novel “Childhood”, which is present not in the form of an explicit citation or direct reference, like many other works, but as a “third text”, interpreters. This allows to follow the implementation of some motifs characteristic of the embodiment of children’s themes in Russian literature, for example, The Garden of Eden motif, the motif of the estate and others. In addition, this approach allows us to compare individual fragments of the story of the 19th century and the novel of the 21st century, trace the coinciding elements in these episodes and come to the conclusion that the fantastic garden of the Boryatinskys in the novel seems to “grow” out of the history of the formation of Nikolen’ka Irtenev. Separately, we dwell on the theme of muteness, silence, the ability and impossibility of expressing oneself in words, which occupies a significant place in the work under consideration. Marina Stepnova’s novel “The Garden” becomes a kind of parody of a parenting novel, it contains many themes and motives characteristic of the Bildungsroman genre, but they are all distorted, pastishized. At the same time, the novel lacks an important element characteristic of this genre – a description of the manifestation of the children’s consciousness of the main character, the theme of children’s perception is realized through the people around her, other heroes of Marina Stepnova’s novel, since numerous appeals to the topic of childhood are associated with them. As a result, we come to the conclusion that the image of the main character turns into a force that controls all other heroes, reflects and replaces the figure of the author.
Role of oral minoxidil in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Lakshmi T. Nirupama Bhagya , Sathvika Gogineni
Published: February 2024

Patterned hair loss is the most common cause of alopecia, typically presenting with progressive thinning, miniaturization, and loss of hair at classical topography depending on the sex of the patient. In the 1970s, Minoxidil was used to treat severe refractory hypertension due to its vasodilator properties. It became popular after its coincidental finding on the promotion of hair growth and stimulation of new hair production. In 1988, the Food and Drug Administration approved topical minoxidil (TM) 2% for the treatment of male androgenetic alopecia and in 1992, for female pattern hair loss. It is also used as an off-label treatment for other hair loss conditions such as telogen effluvium and alopecia areata. However, there are frequent reports of TM-induced contact dermatitis and its reversible effect, which has reduced compliance in the patients and resulted in a poor outcome. Hence, they have studied using low-dose oral minoxidil (LDOM), which showed good efficacy and safety profile in the treatment of patterned hair loss along with avoidance of high-risk adverse cardiac effects that resulted due to doses used for hypertension. The added advantages of LDOM over topical formulation are good compliance, cost savings, effective in people with low hair follicle sulfotransferase activity, and the possibility of cotherapy with other topical or oral medications.
Numerical method for calculating heat and mass transfer of two-phase fluid in fractured-porous reservoir
Authors: Бобренева Ю.О. , Повещенко Ю.А. , Подрыга В.О. , Поляков С.В. , Узянбаев Р.М. , Коледина К.Ф. , Рагимли П.И.
Published: February 2024

Предложен подход к численному моделированию неизотермической задачи фильтрации в трещиновато-пористой среде, основанный на методе расщепления по физическим процессам. В задаче учитывается наличие двухфазной жидкости и двойной пористости у коллектора. Применение метода расщепления по физическим процессам позволяет упростить алгоритм решения, при этом сохранив эквивалентность к консервативной разностной аппроксимации исходных уравнений и обеспечив устойчивость решения задачи. При численном решении используются аппроксимации дифференциальных операторов, полученные в рамках метода конечных разностей. Реализация численного алгоритма основывается на методе матричной прогонки. Апробация метода и его верификация выполнена в серии вычислительных экспериментов, исходные данные для которых взяты из исследований промысловых скважин на российских нефтяных месторождениях.

The work proposes an approach to numerical modeling based on splitting by physical processes for a non-isothermal problem of filtration in a fractured-porous medium. The task is complicated by the presence of a two-phase fluid and dual porosity of the reservoir. The system of equations defining the model is complex and is described by a system of strongly non-linear partial differential equations. The use of the splitting method according to physical processes makes it possible to simplify the solution algorithm while maintaining the equivalence to the conservative difference approximation of the original equations and ensuring the stability of the problem solution. In the numerical solution, the approximations of differential operators obtained in the framework of the finite difference method are used. The implementation of the numerical algorithm is based on the matrix sweep method. To test the method, a series of computational experiments were carried out. Calculations have shown that the developed methodology is correct and allows one to simulate the dynamic operating conditions of wells.
Making sense of chaos: uncovering the mechanisms of conformational entropy
Authors: Wankowicz Stephanie , Fraser James
Published: February 2024

During protein folding, proteins transition from a disordered polymer into a globular structure, markedly decreasing their conformational degrees of freedom and consequently leading to a substantial reduction in entropy. Nonetheless, folded proteins still retain significant entropy as they fluctuate between the conformations that make up their native state. This residual entropy contributes to crucial functions like binding or catalysis. Here, we outline three major ways that protein use conformational entropy to perform their functions; first, pre-paying entropic cost through ordering of the ground state; second, spatially redistributing entropy, where an decrease in entropy in one area is reciprocated by an increase in entropy elsewhere; third, populating catalytically-competent ensembles, where conformational entropy within the enzymatic scaffold aids in lowering transition state barriers. Given the growing evidence of the biological significance of conformational entropy, emerging largely from NMR and simulation studies, solving the current challenge of structurally defining the ensembles encoding conformational entropy will open new paths for control of binding, catalysis, and allostery.
ADSORPTION OF ACID BROWN-340 ON SILICA BASED ADSORBENT
Authors: Khan Salman
Published: February 2024

Acid Brown-340 is a valuable and prominent dye which Having Serious effect on our environments due to its acidic nature. Usually, this dye is coming out of different industries and accumulate in various water bodies such as lakes, ocean and freshwater ecosystem. In this Present study silica monolith particles were synthesized by the renovated sol-gel process under controlled environment of heating steps. The newly prepared functionalized silica monolith particles were used as an adsorbent for the removal of acid brown-340 from aqueous solution. particles originating from silica monolith were effective adsorbent for the removal of selective dye due to its various sorts such as enlarged surface area, high permeability due to monolith like nature leading to high loading capability, and mechanical strength to various PH. Adsorption capacity of silica was firm with respect to different parameters at certain point of time. By adjusting certain parameter such as PH at range 2-8 Concentration taken as range from 0.02-0.1 and time as taken as range from 15mins to 75mins. Then Acid brown-340 shows the greatest adsorption with particles originating from silica monolith when the optimized values of the parameters for acid brown-340 are PH is 2, adsorbent dose is 0.06g, and Contact time is 75 min.
Can we achieve atmospheric chemical environments in the laboratory? An integrated model-measurement approach to chamber SOA studies
Authors: Kenagy Hannah , Heald Colette , Tahsini Nadia , Goss Matthew , Kroll Jesse
Published: February 2024

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA), atmospheric particulate matter formed from low-volatility products of volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidation, impacts both air quality and climate. Current 3D models, however, cannot reproduce the observed variability in atmospheric organic aerosol. Because many SOA model descriptions are derived from environmental chamber experiments, our ability to represent atmospheric conditions in chambers directly impacts our ability to assess the air quality and climate impacts of SOA. Here, we develop a new approach that leverages global modeling and detailed mechanisms to design chamber experiments that mimic the atmospheric chemistry of organic peroxy radicals (RO2), a key intermediate in VOC oxidation. Drawing on decades of laboratory experiments, we develop a framework for quantitatively describing RO2 chemistry and show that no previous experimental approaches to studying SOA formation have accessed the relevant atmospheric RO2 fate distribution. We show proof-of-concept experiments that demonstrate how SOA experiments can access a range of atmospheric chemical environments and propose several directions for future studies.
Beyond Predefined Ligand Libraries: A Genetic Algorithm Approach for De Novo Discovery of Catalysts for the Suzuki Coupling Reactions
Authors: Seumer Julius , Jensen Jan H.
Published: February 2024

This study introduces a novel approach for the unrestricted de novo design of transition metal catalysts, leveraging the power of genetic algorithms (GAs) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. By focusing on the Suzuki reaction, known for its significance in forming carbon-carbon bonds, we demonstrate the effectiveness of fragment-based and graph-based genetic algorithms in identifying novel ligands for palladium-based catalytic systems. Our research highlights the capability of these algorithms to generate ligands with desired thermodynamic properties, moving beyond the restriction of enumerated chemical libraries. Limitations in the applicability of machine learning models are overcome by calculating thermodynamic properties from first principle. The inclusion of synthetic accessibility scores further refines the search, steering it towards more practically feasible ligands. Through the examination of both palladium and alternative transition metal catalysts like copper and silver, our findings reveal the algorithms' ability to uncover unique catalyst structures within the target energy range, offering insights into the electronic and steric effects necessary for effective catalysis. This work not only proves the potential of genetic algorithms in the cost-effective and scalable discovery of new catalysts but also sets the stage for future exploration beyond predefined chemical spaces, enhancing the toolkit available for catalyst design.
N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed silicon-free sulfur fluoride exchange reactions of sulfonimidoyl fluorides
Authors: Lin Muze , Xie Yu , Li Shuangjun , Cai Zhihua , He Lin , Du Guangfen
Published: February 2024

As the monoaza analogous of sulfonates and sulfonamides, sulfonimidate ester and sulfonimidamide have attracted growing attention in recent years. In this paper. We report an organocatalytic silicon-free sulfur fluoride exchange (SuFEx) reaction of sulfonimidoyl fluorides for the synthesis of these valuable organosulfurs. Under the catalysis of 10 mol% N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), and MS 4Å, sulfonimidoyl fluorides reacted with phenols to produce sulfonimidate esters in 55-99% yields. In addition, under the relay catalysis of 10 mol% NHC and HOBt, various amines coupled with sulfonimidoyl fluorides to give sulfonimidamides in 55-99% yields.
Assessment of the Effects of Early Ambulation on Activities of Daily Living in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Clement I Dr. , Bhagavan BC Dr. , Ramachandran PV Prof. , Basvanthappa BT Dr.
Published: February 2024

None
A Study Assessing Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Before and After Infrared Lamp Therapy Among Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer at Gopi Hospital, Salem.
Authors: Chitra N Prof. , I. Clement Dr.
Published: February 2024

The study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of infrared lamp therapy for healing of diabetic foot ulcers among patients presenting with diabetic foot ulcer at Gopi Hospital Salem. A pre-experimental research design one group pretest and posttest was adopted for the present study. The tool used for the present study was an interviewobservational schedule. The ulcer healing status was measured by using modified pressure sore status tool developed by Bates Jenes. Convenient sampling technique was used and a sample size of 30 patients with diabetic foot ulcer was studied. Prediabetic ulcer status was observed for all 30 patients and data were collected using the interviewobservational schedule. The study group was exposed to infrared lamp therapy for 5 days by the investigator. Afterwards the posttest diabetic foot ulcer status was observed and evaluated for the experimental group. The study results revealed that infrared lamp therapy was effective in diabetic foot ulcer healing.
Integration of Nursing Education, Practice & Research
Authors: A Lakshmi
Published: February 2024

None
Knowledge and Attitude Towards Mental Illness Among Adolescents in Selected Schools of Tumakuru
Authors: Yelanadu Honnappa Vindhya , Bittenahalli Omkarappa Dayananda
Published: February 2024

Introduction Young people are one of societyrsquos most valuable resources. It plays a vital role in the development of human capital and link within the individualsrsquo wellbeing and opportunity for better living. Today 1.2 billion adolescents stand at the crossroads between childhood and the adult world. Around 243 millions of them live in India. Adolescents in the age range of 10 to 19 years constitute one-fifth of the Indian population.1 India has articulated its commitment to protect and promote the health and rights of adolescents and meet their developmental needs through numerous policies and programs which are being implementing over the course of this century.2
Study to Assess the Prevalence of Congenital Hypothyroidism in New Born and Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme Regarding Hypothyroidism Among Mothers of Neonates Delivered at Military Hospital in Jabalpur City
Authors: Beegum L Anisha
Published: February 2024

Aims To determine the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism CH in neonates by measuring thyroid stimulating hormone TSH in cord blood of newborn in Military hospital Jabalpur. To find out the relation between demographic variables and TSH values of newborn. To assess the pre-test knowledge scores of mothers of neonate whose TSH values were gt20 miuL. To find out the effectiveness of planned teaching programme regarding hypothyroidism in neonates among mothers. To find out the association of pre-test knowledge among mothers and demographic variables.Methods Questionnaire for collection of demographic variables questionnaire for checking pre-test knowledge regarding hypothyroidism among mothers. Planned teaching programme for hypothyroidism in children. Post-test to measure effectiveness of teaching programme. The study sample consisted of 100 cord blood samples and ten mothers available at the time of study. Simple random sampling method was used for the selection of samples. The instrument for data collection was immunosorbant assay method planned teaching programme. The data obtained was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency percentage mean standard deviation paired t-test and Chi-square test.Results Hundred newborn babies were screened for prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism by measuring cord blood TSH levels and it showed that TSH values vary from 0.23 to 55.59. TSH levels of female babies were greater than male babies. Out of 100 babies 53 were male babies whose TSH values ranged between 0.23 to 43.75. Out of 100 babies born six were pre-term whose TSH varied from 0.4 to 43.75 miuL whereas in 94 term babies mean TSH was 8.642 miuL. Pre term babies TSH values were more than term babies which was 10.482 miuL. Out of 100 babies 58 were born by normal vaginal delivery 40 were caesarian born babies and two were vacuum delivered. The TSH values of normal vaginal delivery babies were more than LSCS babies and vacuum delivery babies. Ten babies were recalled along with the mothers and their venous blood was sent for T3 T4 TSH. All the ten babies had TSH levels within normal limits and T4 was also normal. Asymmetrical skewness was observed between TSH and T40.2448 correlation coefficient between TSH and T40.332. As the weight of babies increased T4 value increased. Out of 10 mothers screened two of them were found to have hypothyroidism.Conclusions The study concluded that sex mode of delivery maturity birth weight are associated with TSH levels in newborns and TSH levels in cord blood. Planned teaching programme on hypothyroidism in newborn is an effective method for providing awareness among mothers to enhance early detection of hypothyroidism related developmental delay. Chetankumar MR et al. RJNS 202111
GENDER DIFFERENTIALS OF SMALLHOLDER FARMERS’ PARTICIPATION IN POULTRY FARMING IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Adisa Banji Olalere , Famakinwa Michael , Odeyemi Rofiat Kemi
Published: February 2024

The study assessed gender differences in smallholder farmers’ participation in poultry farming in Osun State, Nigeria. A total of 110 poultry farmers were selected across the study area through a multistage sampling procedure. Interview schedule was employed to collect data from respondents which was subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis. The results showed that 76.4% of males and 72.1% of females had formal education with a mean age of 45±8 years and 41±9 years and a mean income of ₦445,455 ± ₦209,679 and ₦481,818 ± ₦217,670, respectively. Both genders significantly from poultry production. Males dominated off farm activities like repairs of pens and transportation of chicks, while females mostly participated in collection of eggs and marketing of poultry products. Both genders participated at moderate level. Inadequate capital and disease outbreak were major threats to their participation. No significant difference (F=0.775) existed between participation of male and female farmers in poultry production activities. Therefore, the research concluded that is no gender gap in smallholder farmers’ participation of poultry farming.
IMPACT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTAL ASCORBIC ACID ON ORGAN WEIGHT, VILLI MORPHOMETRY, ORGANOLEPTIC ATTRIBUTES AND ORGAN HISTOLOGY OF WEANED PIGS
Authors: Ojediran Taiwo K. , Afolabi Olalekan , Kehinde Afeez , Ademola Sadiq , Emiola I. Adewale
Published: February 2024

This study aimed at evaluating the impact of dietary supplemental ascorbic acid on organ weight, villi morphometry, organoleptic attributes, and organ histology of weaned pigs using thirty-two Large white-Landrace crossbred with an average weight of 12.32±0.59 kg. The pigs were grouped into four treatments with eight replicates each. Diet C0 was the basal diet (control). Diets C1, C2, and C3 contained the basal diet with 1g/kg, 2g/kg and 3g/kg of ascorbic acid respectively for seven weeks. The weight of liver, kidney, spleen, heart, and lungs were significantly different (p<0.05) with pigs offered ascorbic acid-supplemented diet having higher values. Also, the villus height, villus width and muscle thickness were significantly influenced (p<0.05) with pigs fed diet C3 having the highest value for villus height and width. The organoleptic properties did not differ significantly (p>0.05). The jejunum villi histology showed that pigs fed diets C0 and C1 were essentially normal while those fed diets C2 and C3 had moderate enteritis. No observable lesions were recorded in the structure of the nephron. Moreover, the hepatic histology of pigs fed diet C1 was essentially normal while those fed diets C2 and C3 showed normal hepatocytes but with moderate sinusoidal congestion. It can be concluded that ascorbic acid supplementation caused increased organ weight, aided villus height and width, and reduced muscle thickness with moderate sinusoidal congestion at up to 3g/kg with no deleterious effects on organoleptic attributes.
ASSESSING THE BENEFITS AND CONSIDERATIONS OF FUNCTIONAL FEED ADDITIVE ADMINISTRATION IN BROILER CHICKEN
Authors: Lal Pandit Daurik , Binay Yadav Ram , Yadav Bishnu
Published: February 2024

In order to increase growth performance and microbiological food safety in chicken, functional feed additives such as direct feed mechanisms, dietary prebiotics, and phytogenic preparations have been shown to be effective. Modern intensive poultry farming has made incredible progress toward the affordable and effective production of high-quality products. The use of fruits and vegetables is also favoured by substantial environmental, economic, economic, and social aspects. Essential oils, which are secondary metabolites generated from a variety of plants, may be added to functional feed for broilers. Finding an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter has become more important over the last several years because to customers’ growing knowledge of and concern about antibiotic residues in chicken products.
THE STATE OF SAFETY AND QUALITY OF HONEYBEE BY-PRODUCTS: A REVIEW
Authors: Adnan Bodlah Muhammad , Younas Ayesha , Mohsin Alishbah , Bodlah Imran , Asif Muhammad , Rasheed Muhammad Tariq , E Fareen Ammara Gull , Ashiq Aneela
Published: February 2024

Bee honey has been regarded as a prized and esteemed natural substance by humans since antiquity. The historical significance of bee products lies in their recognized medicinal properties, which have been appreciated for centuries. The utilization of bee products, such as honey, bee venom, beeswax, royal jelly, propolis, bee-collected pollen, and bee bread, as natural medicines is on the rise. This is due to the fact that they contain a high number of bioactive compounds, possess beneficial health properties, and are known for their effective healing capabilities. Apiarian products are highly recommended as nutritional supplements for human consumption. Fresh honey, in particular, has been traditionally used to treat various ailments such as eye disorders, throat infections, TB, hepatitis, and ulcers. Additionally, it is easily digested, making it an ideal dietary option for the elderly, especially for wound healing. It increases sperm production, and mental wellness, and is used in cosmetics. Old bees honey is employed to cure nausea, diarrhea obesity, and diabetes, and to preserve fruits and meats. Bee-derived honey is widely renowned for its exceptional properties that lend themselves well to cosmetic formulations. As a result, it is a popular ingredient in various beauty products such as facial cleansers, skin moisturizers, hair conditioners, and acne treatments, among others. Bees honey is one of nature’s greatest products, with a wide range of medicinal purposes. The honey quality or safety could be changed. Honey, owing to its innate properties and the meticulous control measures employed during production, contains only a limited variety and quantity of germs. The detection of certain microbes in honey is a concern during post-harvest processing, as some of them have the potential to cause sickness in humans, especially under certain conditions.
Paternalism and Exclusion
Authors: Van Oosterum Kyle
Published: February 2024

What makes paternalism wrong? I give an indirect answer to that question by challenging a recent trend in the literature that I call the exclusionary strategy. The exclusionary strategy aims to show how some feature of the paternalizee’s normative situation morally excludes acting for the paternalizee’s well-being. This moral exclusion consists either in ruling out the reasons for which a paternalizer may act or in changes to the right-making status of the reasons that (would) justify paternalistic intervention. I argue that both versions of the exclusionary strategy fail to explain the wrongness of paternalism and that they struggle to accommodate the mainstream view that paternalism is only pro tanto wrong. Their failure consists either in being implausibly strong expressions of antipaternalism or in struggling to spell out the scope of exclusion in an uncomplicated way. After discouraging this exclusionary strategy, I suggest we can capture what is appealing about it—as well as avoiding its pitfalls—by sketching a philosophical model in which we compare the weights of reasons for and against paternalistically interfering. To precisify this sketch, I introduce some conceptual tools from the literature on practical reasoning—in particular, the concept of modifiers—and suggest that these tools offer a better starting point for figuring out what makes paternalism (pro tanto) wrong.
Energy and economic operating parameters of tractor equipped with electrically driven wheels
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, BIZHAEV ANTON V.
Published: February 2024

The modern agro-industrial sector requires a large proportion of tractors of a small-traction class due to the rising fuel costs and environmental requirements. The authors raise questions about the prospects of using electric motors as a means to drive the tractor power unit and energy equipment, as well as consider pre-conditions for the integration of such systems in the tractor design under the current economic state of energy resources in the Russian Federation. For this purpose, the article presents a methodology for evaluating the energy and economic parameters of a tractor with an electrically driven power unit as compared with a tractor with a diesel engine. The offered indicator - specific energy cost - makes it possible to compare the parameters of tractors with a diesel engine and an electrically driven power unit. Calculations have shown that the use of a brushless DC electric motor compared with a diesel engine at medium and low loads will reduce the specific energy cost by 5 to 7 roubles/kWh, or by 30 to 50%. The study has established that the electric power potential in the Russian Federation exceeds the possible energy costs of agricultural machinery by 300 billion kWh, which makes it possible to switch to electrically driven power units. However, it is impossible to use electric motors in tractors without further development of power complexes and electric charge storage batteries.
Novel True Random Bit Generation and its Audio Encryption Application with Lorenz Chaotic Circuit-Based Entropy Source
Authors: İNCE Esra , KARAKAYA Barış , TÜRK Mustafa
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces a methodology for generating secure cryptographic key bits from analog values obtained from the Lorenz chaotic circuit. The analog values are transferred from the chaotic circuit to the computer via an Analog Discovery-2 device and then post-processed by using a fixed-point number representation format and Von-Neumann corrector for the sampled values on the MATLAB program. By employing this method, the analog values are digitized and randomized as the main idea is to obtain secure and efficient statistically random bits. Furthermore, the generated random bits are utilized for secure audio transmission by demonstrating a practical application of the proposed methodology. In addition to the classical randomness test criteria, and NIST 800.22 statistical test suite, the throughput bit stream is also subjected to Chi-square and FIPS 140-1 tests to further evaluate its effectiveness. The results of these comprehensive tests confirm the successful performance of the proposed system in generating statistically random bits and its secure audio encryption system. The utilization of the Lorenz chaotic circuit as an entropy source in generating true random bits for secure audio transmission applications showcases the potential of the proposed system.
Роль загальноклінічних показників крові для прогнозування перебігу коронавірусної інфекції у хворих на COVID-19: систематичний огляд
Authors: Yushchuk A. Anna , Korzhyk O. Olha , Pykaliuk V. Vasyl
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The course of coronavirus infection in patients with COVID-19 can cause systemic inflammation of the organism, and dysregulation of the immune system and the hemostasis system. Given the possibility of severe and recurrent cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it is imperative for clinicians to find reliable, cost-effective, and at the same time accessible blood-specific parameters that can serve as stratification markers for patients with confirmed COVID-19. The purpose of our review article is to highlight the modern research results on the characteristics of  general clinical hematological parameters (complete blood count) in patients with COVID-19 and their use for predicting the course of the coronavirus infection. We used bibliosemantic, analytical, and logical methods when writing a systematic review, as well as a generalization method. We searched and selected scientific publications by keywords in bibliographic databases, analyzed and summarized the results. The indicators of the general blood analysis (an absolute count of neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, and monocytes) allow calculating several newly introduced indices of inflammation, such as NLR, dNLR, PLR, MLR, NLPR, AISI, SIRI, SII. The use of such indices at the stage of hospitalization in patients with confirmed COVID-19 can be used to predict the course of the disease and the probability of a critical condition or lethal outcome.
Роль інсулінорезистентності та оксидативного стресу в механізмах розвитку артеріальної гіпертензії
Authors: Кучменко Олена , Гавій Валентина , Шейко Віталій , Мхітарян Лаура , Матова Олена
Published: February 2024

Hypertension is a pathophysiological process associated with morphological and functional disorders in cellular structures that lead to progressive imbalance of the cardiovascular system of the organism. The purpose of the study was to study the role of insulin resistance and oxidative stress in the mechanisms of development of arterial hypertension. The study included 55 patients with controlled arterial hypertension aged 57.3 ± 4.5 years. The content of glucose, insulin, products of free radical oxidation of lipids and proteins, and the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes were determined in the patients' blood. According to the results of determining the content of glucose, insulin and calculating the HOMA index, patients were divided into two groups - patients with controlled arterial hypertension without and with insulin resistance. An increase (p ≤ 0.05) in the content of primary (diene conjugates) and secondary (TBA-positive products) lipid oxidation products, protein oxidation products in the blood serum of patients with arterial hypertension without and with insulin resistance was demonstrated. Higher levels of lipid and protein oxidation products (p ≤ 0.05) were observed in patients with hypertension and insulin resistance compared to patients with hypertension without insulin resistance. A decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes - superoxide dismutase and catalase in patients with arterial hypertension without and with insulin resistance was also shown. In patients with arterial hypertension and insulin resistance, the decrease in the activity of these enzymes was significantly greater (p ≤ 0.05) compared to patients with arterial hypertension without insulin resistance. Taking into account the obtained results, it is necessary to distinguish between patients diagnosed with hypertension, depending on the presence or absence of insulin resistance. Patients with hypertension and insulin resistance require a complex approach to treatment, as they have more profound changes in metabolic processes, in particular, oxidative metabolism. Insulin resistance and arterial hypertension are mutually reinforcing, therefore, for effective treatment and prevention of further complications, it is necessary to combine means and approaches to influence each of these links to more effectively prevent the development of metabolic disorders in the orgsnism.
Аноректальні аномалії розвитку
Authors: Антонюк Ольга , Пикалюк Василь , Слободян Олександр , Романюк Альона , Шварц Людмила
Published: February 2024

Anorectal malformations include a wide range of conditions that can affect both sexes and involve the distal anus and rectum, as well as the urinary and genital tracts. An imperforate anus is a common birth defect that results from defects or delays in the development of the hindgut. The diagnosis of nonperforation of the anus is usually made shortly after birth through a routine medical examination. Patients have the best chance for a good functional outcome if the disease is diagnosed early and effective anatomic repair is started immediately. Most malformations in girls can only be correctly diagnosed on physical examination. An anus visible in the perineum with a normal vagina and urethra suggests a perineal fistula. A rectovestibular fistula occurs when the opening is in the posterior vestibule and beyond the hymen. If only one opening is visible between the labia, it is very likely a cloaca. Rectovaginal fistulae may initially appear as a non-perforating anus without a fistula (a normal-looking vagina and urethra, but no visible anus). Close examination usually reveals the presence of an opening in the back wall of the vagina or inside the hymenal ring. Radiological evaluation of a newborn with non-perforated anus should include abdominal ultrasound, using it to detect urological abnormalities. Sepsis, aspiration, abdominal distention, colonic perforation, respiratory distress, electrolyte imbalance are complications that can result from delayed diagnostic and therapeutic treatment of anorectal malforations. Accurate preoperative identification of an internal fistula between the distal part of the genitourinary tract is very important for optimal surgical treatment and prevention of possible damage to the genitourinary tract. Staged surgery, the most common approach for treating anorectal malformations, consists of three operations: a colostomy at birth, a definitive operation at 2–3 months of age, and closure of the colostomy at approximately 6 months of age.
Saúde e suas novas perspectivas - Volume 5
Authors: Freitas Samantha Ariadne Alves de , César Duarte Gondim Roberto
Published: February 2024

Nesta obra os organizadores colecionaram vários artigos na área de saúde, fruto de muita pesquisa e de seus resultados relacionados a revisões de literatura sobre odontologia, enfermagem, serviço social, estética e fisioterapia.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE NA FISIOTERAPIA: PROMOVENDO A ADESÃO DO PACIENTE AO TRATAMENTO
Authors: Silveira Maycon Tércio Pinto , Oliveira Ádria Nobre de , Lage Lucas Meneses , Martins Érica Silva
Published: February 2024

Os desafios na Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil, enfatiza a necessidade da presença obrigatória da fisioterapia na equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família para promover educação em saúde e prevenção de doenças. A pesquisa revisou a literatura sobre educação em saúde e adesão ao tratamento fisioterapêutico, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Google Scholar, com critérios de inclusão entre 2013-2023. Os resultados destacaram a importância da educação em saúde na fisioterapia para promover a adesão do paciente, com uma análise crítica e identificação de lacunas na literatura, concluindo com síntese das descobertas e implicações para a prática clínica e pesquisas futuras. A fisioterapia, evoluindo de tratamento terapêutico para prevenção de comorbidades, enfrenta obstáculos, como a ausência de fisioterapeutas nas equipes da ESF. O estudo defende a inclusão efetiva da fisioterapia na Atenção Primária à Saúde, destacando seu papel na promoção da saúde e educação. A pesquisa identifica estratégias, como tecnologias educacionais digitais, para promover a compreensão e autogestão da saúde na fisioterapia. A educação em saúde é crucial para capacitar os pacientes a compreenderem sua condição e tomar decisões informadas, indo além da simples transmissão de informações. A abordagem preventiva busca incorporar hábitos saudáveis no cotidiano, fortalecendo a relação entre profissionais de saúde e pacientes. Em resumo, o artigo destaca a importância da educação em saúde na prática da fisioterapia, sublinhando sua contribuição fundamental para a adesão ao tratamento e melhores resultados terapêuticos, além de defender mudanças nas políticas de saúde.

Palavras-Chave: Educação em Saúde, Fisioterapia, Saúde Pública, Reabilitação, Atenção Primária.
CIMENTOS BIOCERÂMICOS REPARADORES NA ENDODONTIA
Authors: Neta Maria Antonia Leonardo Pereira , Oliveira Israel Filippe Fontes De , Miranda Lucas Vinícyus Lima Maia , Santos Rafaela Thaisa Anchieta , Carvalho Vitoria Santos , Csasznik Ana , Mesquita Agnes Marya Vieira , Pinheiro Pedro Henrique De Goveia , Passinho Josiete Pereira Louzeiro , Santos George Sampaio Bonates
Published: February 2024

A terapia endodôntica caracteriza-se por uma sequência de procedimentos interdependentes entre si, que tem por finalidade devolver estado de normalidade aos tecidos e ao dente. Algumas condições são crucias para o êxito do tratamento, eliminação de microrganismos e o uso de um cimento que proporcione o selamento adequado no sistema de canais radiculares. Diante disso, o presente estudo apresenta uma revisão da literatura referente às propriedades e características dos cimentos biocerâmicos comercializados no âmbito endodôntico, destacando suas indicações. A pesquisa justifica-se pela diversidade de cimentos reparadores no mercado, contudo, cada um com algumas limitações. Dessa forma, a revisão busca analisar as vantagens, propriedades e características dos materiais biocerâmicos na terapia endodôntica. O levantamento da base de dados bibliográficos ocorreu por meio de livros específicos e descritores de busca Scielo, Lilacs, PubMed, utilizando os descritores: “Cimento de Biocerâmica” “Biocerâmica em Endodontia”, “Biocerâmica” e “MTA, a pesquisa bibliográfica limitou-se a artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Com isso, concluímos que os cimentos biocerâmicos são uma classe de materiais endodônticos promissora, pois, tem apresentado excelentes propriedades bioativas, biológicas e físico-química.

Palavras-chaves: Cimentos Biocerâmicos, Endodontia, Cimentos Reparadores.
A RELEVÂNCIA DA ODONTOLOGIA LEGAL E SUA EFICÁCIA PARA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE CADÁVERES
Authors: Neta Maria Antonia Leonardo Pereira , Nóbrega Dara Lourenna Silva Da , Silva Emanuelly Cristina Lopes , Miranda Lucas Vinícyus Lima Maia , Tissot Diogo , Santana Kallyne Carvalho , Silva Maria Cecília Oliveira Da , Mesquita Agnes Marya Vieira , Santos Rafaela Thaisa Anchieta , Carvalho Vitoria Santos , Santos George Sampaio Bonates
Published: February 2024

A identidade é um conjunto de características físicas, funcionais e psicológicas, patológicas ou não, que é atribuída às características únicas do indivíduo. É um conjunto de características que torna alguém ou algo igual apenas a si mesmo. Essa pesquisa visa discutir a importância bem como apresentar a fundamentação da odontologia legal e sua eficácia para a identificação de cadáveres, por meio de uma revisão de literatura de cunho qualitativo e caráter descritivo. Este estudo foi realizado através de uma busca de artigos nas seguintes plataformas: Pubmed, Google acadêmico e Scielo e Lilcs, buscando artigos com os seguintes descritores: “Arcada dentária”, “Odontologia Legal” e “Identificação de Vítimas”. Conforme critérios de inclusão foram eleitos 17 artigos de maior evidência. A identificação humana é baseada no uso de técnicas especiais para determinar a identidade de alguém. Os métodos de reconhecimento pós-morte do corpo humano são divididos em primários e secundários, que podem ser usados ??em combinação ou isoladamente. Diante do exposto, o processo é de grande valia para a dinâmica dos serviços forenses, pois é comum a chegada de cadáveres não identificados, geralmente apodrecidos, desmembrados, carbonizados ou esqueletizados.

Palavras-chave: Arcada dentária, Odontologia Legal, Identificação de Vítimas.
Post-structuralism and Music Theory
Authors: Straus Joseph N.
Published: February 2024

In a recent article in this journal,

Adam Krims has argued that mainstream music

theory, with its organicist bias, is

fundamentally incompatible with post-structuralist thought. This comentary is a

defense of theory-based analysis in a postmodern

world.
On the Function of Function
Authors: Kopp David
Published: February 2024

The concept of harmonic function, far from carrying a

unitary and universally understood meaning, has signified many

different things to theorists past and present. This essay

examines some of the different meanings commonly associated with

the term today, as well as aspects of the harmonic theories of

Rameau, Weber, and Riemann, all regularly associated with the

concept. Notions of chord identity, scale degree, and logical

determinacy are considered.
Review of Eugene Narmour, The Analysis and Cognition of Basic Melodic Structures (University of Chicago Press, 1990) and The Analysis and Cognition of Melodic Complexity (University of Chicago Press, 1992).
Authors: Royal Matthew S.
Published: February 2024

This article summarizes and offers appraisal of Narmour’s Implication-Realization model as presented in the following volumes: Eugene Narmour, The Analysis and Cognition of Basic Melodic Structures: The Implication-Realization Model, and Eugene Narmour, The Analysis and Cognition of Melodic Complexity: The Implication-Realization Model, both published by the University of Chicago Press.
“Adrift on Neurath’s Boat”
Authors: Brown Matthew
Published: February 2024

This paper draws on the work of Neurath and Quine to
shed light on recent debates between music theory and New
Musicology. Although it accepts many of New Musicologist’s
criticisms of traditional music theory, the paper nonetheless
defends the use of empirical methods and even supports the trend
towards naturalizing music theory.