bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manufacturing Technique of the Buddhist Monk Bodhidharma Mural Painting in Geungnakjeon Hall, Daewonsa Temple, Boseong
Authors: Yu Yeong Gyeong , Lee Hwa Soo
Published: May 2023

The manufacturing technique was studied through the structure and material characteristics of the Buddhist Monk Bodhidharma mural painting in Geungnakjeon Hall, Daewonsa Temple. The mural is painted connected to the earthen wall and the Joongkit. The earthen wall consists of an first layer, a middle layer, a finishing layer, and a painting layer. It was come to light that the first layer had a high content of loess below silt, and the finishing layer had a high content of fine sand. The painting layer was colored after preparing a ground layer using a soil mineral pigment. It was come to light that he Buddhist Monk Bodhidharma mural painting was created with the same technique as the Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva mural painting in Geungnakjeon Hall. The murals inside Geungnakjeon Hall belong to a category similar to the Joseon Dynasty’s buddhist mural painting (made of earthen) manufacturing style, but characteristic factors were found in the high fine sand content of the finishing layer, the condition of plastering according to the surface finishing technology, and the painting technique of the Joongkit. It is expected that this information can be used as an important indicator for monitoring the conservation status of murals inside the Geungnakjeon Hall of Daewonsa Temple in the future.
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Bahauddin Khan  , Mujeeb Ur Rehman  , Mujahid Ul Islam  , Imtiaz Ahmad
Published: May 2023

Objective: To find out the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Northwest General Hospital and Research center Hayatabad, Peshawar over a duration of 15 months (December 2020 ― March 2022). Every patient was tested through regular laboratory investigations. Diabetes mellitus was established according to WHO standards of fasting plasma glucose >126 mg/dl or two hours postprandial glucose level of 200 mg/dl. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Mean and standard deviation was used for quantitative data. Frequency and percentages were used for qualitative data. Shapiro Wilk’s test was done to find the normality of the data.

Results: Out of a total of 360 candidates, 129 (36%) individuals were non-diabetic and 231 (64%) candidates were diabetic. Among the diabetic patients, 64 (28%) were female and 167 (72%) were males with a ratio of 1:2.6 respectively.

Conclusion: Prevalence of diabetes was 64% among the CABG population. Since the prevalence of diabetes can significantly affect the outcomes of people undergoing CABG, it is essential to generate awareness regarding diabetes among healthcare workers as well as the general population. More extensive research is needed to be carried by various health care centers to figure out the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in cardiac surgery patients.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7250

How to cite this: Khan B, Mujeeb Ur Rehman, Mujahid Ul Islam, Ahmad I. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7250

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Who’s to blame for central venous stenosis
Authors: Li Xiaodong , Liu Shuangyan
Published: May 2023

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7559

How to cite this: Li X, Liu S. Who’s to blame for central venous stenosis. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7559
Pseudo-teams in Healthcare: The Perils of Impersonating a Cohesive Unit
Authors: Lal Shankar , Khan Ehtesham
Published: May 2023

Teamwork is a critical aspect of healthcare and is widely recognised as a cornerstone of effective patient care. However, not all healthcare teams are created equal, and some teams that appear to work well together on the surface are better described as pseudo-teams rather than true teams. This issue is frequently disregarded and overlooked despite its importance, yet it significantly impacts patient care and staff morale. We wish to describe the concept of pseudo teams in healthcare, their perils, and ways to create true teams characterised by shared goals, open communication, and a commitment to each other’s success.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7665

How to cite this: Lal S, Khan E. Pseudo-teams in Healthcare: The Perils of Impersonating a Cohesive Unit. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7665

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A landscape analysis of the key global stakeholders working on interventions around preterm birth that improve neonatal mortality and morbidity.
Authors: Moon Grainne , English Michael , Nagraj Shobhana
Published: May 2023

Background

Over a decade after the landmark ‘Born too Soon’ report, preterm birth remains a leading cause of under-five mortality. Addressing its global burden is key to meeting United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3; to end preventable deaths of newborns and children by 2030. We conducted a landscape analysis to explore the types of organisations addressing preterm birth, highlight the scope of interventions and initiatives, and identify gaps and opportunities for shared learning.

Methods

We combined google searches with citation searching, and opinion of experts in child health, to identify the major global stakeholders working to improve outcomes of preterm birth, with evidence of activity since 2012. We conducted a thematic analysis and narrative synthesis of key stakeholder websites to categorise their functions and priorities, and the types of interventions they were implementing.

Results

A total of 38 key organisations and 28 interventions were derived from the searches. Organisations were thematically grouped into knowledge sharing (n = 15), knowledge production (n = 12), funders (n = 6), legislation and advocacy (n = 15), implementer (n = 14) and network organisations (n = 11).  Interventions covered a wide scope of functions including education (n = 11), research (n = 10), resources (n = 7), legislation (n = 2), and health systems (n = 2) interventions. The majority of global stakeholders were funded from and headquartered within high-income settings.

Discussion

There is scope for significant learning across global stakeholders, in particular to support carers in low-resource settings.  Further opportunities for impact include a need for community-based initiatives and whole systems approach that address the long-term needs of preterm babies and their families, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) settings. Greater knowledge production and funding from LMICs is needed to create contextually relevant resources and address implementation challenges.
The genome sequence of the Autumn Spider, Metellina segmentata (Clerck, 1757)
Authors: Henriques Sergio , Sivell Olga ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: May 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Metellina segmentata (the Autumn spider; Arthropoda; Arachnida; Aranae; Tetragnathidae). The genome sequence is 1,665.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 13 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X1 and X2 sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.8 kilobases in length.
Stress tests for medical thermography
Authors: Volovik Mihail , Dolgov I. , Hripkovskiy Dmitriy
Published: May 2023

In this "how-to-use" manual the authors presetnted the theory and practice of stress tests application in medical thermography
Stress test classification along with theoretical principles of sampling selection and results interpretations are described.
The publication is intended for doctors of any specialty, using medical thermography in their clinical routine
Całkowita zawartość polifenoli, flawonoidów i aktywność przeciwutleniająca ekstraktów z korzeni lukrecji gładkiej (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)
Authors: Torbus Elżbieta , Paradowska Katarzyna
Published: May 2023

Lukrecja gładka (Glycyrrhiza gabra L.; syn. Liquiritia officinalis Moench) to roślina z rodziny bobowatych (Fabaceae) o licznych wykazanych właściwościach m. in. antyoksydacyjnych, przeciwwirusowych, przeciwbakteryjnych oraz przeciwgrzybiczych. Celem pracy było porównanie całkowitej zawartości polifenoli (TP) i flawonoidów (TF) oraz aktywności przeciwutleniającej w ekstraktach etanolowych otrzymanych z suszonego korzenia lukrecji pochodzącego z Polski oraz Azji. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują na różnice w zawartości zarówno polifenoli jak i flawonoidów w obu analizowanych surowcach. Wyższą zawartością TP i TF charakteryzowały się ekstrakty z surowca chińskiego. Wyższą aktywnością antyoksydacyjną wobec DPPH wykazywał ekstrakt z korzenia lukrecji pochodzącego z polskich upraw, natomiast nie stwierdzono zróżnicowania przy oznaczeniu metodą FRAP.
Equisetum palustre L. skrzyp błotny (Equisetaceae Michx. ex DC.)
Authors: Wróbel Dominik , Różański Henryk
Published: May 2023

Rodzaj Equisetum L. jest obecnie jedynym żyjącym przedstawicielem, niegdyś bardzo licznej w gatunki rodziny Equisetaceae. Do dziś przetrwało zaledwie około 15 gatunków. Jednym z nich jest skrzyp błotny. Skrzypy nie były dotąd szczegółowo badane pod względem cytochemicznym. Niniejsza praca przedstawia krótką charakterystykę morfologiczną i anatomiczną gatunku, jego zróżnicowanie taksonomiczne, rozmieszczenie i przywiązanie do określonych typów siedlisk, a także zagrożenia, tradycyjne wykorzystanie oraz cykl życiowy. Nieco szerzej została przedstawiona kompozycja fitochemiczna gatunku w kontekście dawnej i współczesnej fitoterapii.
Look-through approach w kontekście klauzuli beneficial owner mającej zastosowanie przy opodatkowaniu dywidend – źródła transformacji niebezpiecznej koncepcji antyabuzywnej w instrument ochrony interesów podatnika i płatnika
Authors: Brzeziński Bogumił , Lasiński-Sulecki Krzysztof , Morawski Wojciech
Published: May 2023

Publikacja dotyczy analizy zagadnienia skutków wypłaty dywidendy do podmiotu, który nie może być uznany za beneficial owner. Na tym tle zaprezentowano analizę koncepcja look-through approach. Wskazano na aksjologiczne i normatywne uzasadnienie tej koncepcji. Interesujące jest to, że faktyczną przyczyną jej pojawienia się w orzecznictwie polskich sądów i praktyce administracyjnej był projekt aktu interpretacyjnego, który zresztą nigdy nie został zatwierdzony przez Ministra Finansów.
National Fund for the Protection of Monuments: legal and financial issues
Authors: Wantoch-Rekowski Jacek
Published: May 2023

This study deals with the legal and financial issues of the National Fund for the Protection of Monuments (NFOZ), which has been operating since 1 January 2018 as a special purpose fund. The Fund has statutorily assigned revenues that come from fines paid by violators of regulations related to the protection of monuments. The study analyses the fund’s receipts and expenditures listed in its annual financial plans and concludes that, due to its relatively small revenues, the NFOZ contributes only minimally to the financing of the monument protection system in Poland.
potential of amniotic membrane in surgery - current applications
Authors: Leśniak Marek , Kwieciński Jakub , Błaszczyk Agnieszka , Fussek-Styga Urszula , Trojan Sara , Miszuda Sławomir , Basiaga Bartosz , Bednarz Krzysztof , Szwedkowicz Agata , Heluszka Jakub
Published: May 2023

This article explores the potential benefits and challenges of using the amniotic membrane in surgical procedures. Amniotic membranes have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-scarring, and antimicrobial properties, which can promote wound healing and tissue regeneration. They can be utilized in a variety of surgical settings, including ophthalmology, plastic surgery, and orthopedics. However, the use of amniotic membranes also poses certain limitations and risks, such as the potential for immune reactions and disease transmission. The article reviews the current literature on amniotic membrane usage in surgery and discusses the clinical implications and future research directions. In summary, the amniotic membrane represents a promising alternative to traditional surgical approaches, but its benefits and limitations must be carefully weighed and assessed in each individual case.
Ciało ludzkie, jego funkcjonowanie i leczenie z okazjonalistycznej perspektywy Arnolda Geulincxa
Authors: Usakiewicz Joanna
Published: May 2023

Arnold Geulincx (1624-1669) jest twórcą teorii okazjonalizmu, która próbuje wyjaśnić doświadczenie psychofizycznej jedności człowieka na fundamencie Kartezjańskiego dualizmu substancjalnego. Ten filozof, ale również z wykształcenia lekarz, podjął w swoich dziełach kwestię ludzkiego ciała, rozważając je w różnych kontekstach. W Metafizyce prawdziwej (Metaphysica vera) przedstawia je jako substancję rozciągłą, w Etyce (Ethica) omawia je w ramach kondycji ludzkiej, a w Fizyce prawdziwej (Physica vera) przedstawia ciało jako mikrokosmos. Obok prac z zakresu filozofii Geulincx jest autorem traktatu medycznego Medicina contracta, który nie został nigdy wydany drukiem, a znajduje się w siedemnastowiecznym anonimowym rękopisie zawierającym dzieła Geulincxa: Arnoldi Geulincx Scholae Academicae ultimae ab auditore anonymo descripta Collegia. W traktacie tym odnajdujemy obok opisów narządów ciała ludzkiego, rozważania na temat chorób i leczenia. W artykule w oparciu o wymienione teksty zostały przedstawianie Geulincxa rozważania na temat ciała ludzkiego oraz zostanie podjęto próbę wykazania, iż są one determinowane założeniami teorii okazjonalizmu.
Co kryje w sobie koronaparty? Językowy obraz pandemicznej uciechy wśród polskiej młodzieży studenckiej (na podstawie danych eksperymentalnych)
Authors: Długosz Natalia
Published: May 2023

WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE POLISH LEXEME KORONAPARTY? THE LINGUISTIC IMAGE OF PANDEMIC JOKES TOLD BY THE POLISH STUDENTS (BASED ON SURVEY DATA)
This article attempts to create a cognitive definition of the meaning of the Polish lexeme koronaparty on the basis of experimental data obtained among Polish students through a survey. The experiment was conducted in February 2021. Fifty students took part in it. First, they answered the question: What do you think the word koronaparty means? Second, they built sentences including the koronaparty lexeme. As a result, 53 responses were obtained and 46 sentences were made with the use of the koronaparty lexeme. The collected data allowed for the preparation of a synthetic cognitive definition of the meaning of the word. The categorial semantic feature of the koronaparty is the occurrence of the event during the pandemic. The meaning of koronaparty may include as follows: 1. “social gathering at high risk of developing Covid-19: with the participation of people infected with Covid-19, without sanitation requirements and restrictions / usually secret / live”; 2. “social gathering during which sanitary requirements and restrictions are respected: open and live, e.g. a wedding with a limited number of people, going to the theatre or to a concert with a face mask and social distance, etc.”; 3. “online social gathering (via Zoom, Skype, FaceTime etc.), official cultural event (e.g. concert, performance, etc.) or private gathering such as watching movies and/or drinking alcohol together”.
Warsaw and Kyiv Lodging Establishment Names of the Early 20th Cent.
Authors: Chernysh Tetiana , Yermolenko Serhii
Published: May 2023

NAZWY WARSZAWSKICH I KIJOWSKICH HOTELI NA POCZĄTKU XX W. Artykuł zawiera studium przypadku w zakresie komparatywnej socjoonomastyki ogólnoeuropejskiego obszaru językowo-kulturowego. Analizując formę wewnętrzną nazw hoteli warszawskich i kijowskich z początku ubiegłego wieku oraz jej motywacje zewnątrzjęzykowe, autorzy pokazują, że mimo odmienności języków, orientacji narodowo-kulturowych oraz popularności pewnych onimów nazwy te stanowiły realizację na odpowiednich obszarach wspólnoeuropejskiego systemu onomastycznego w tym zakresie zarówno na poziomie poszczególnych nazw, jak i ich modeli semantycznych. Jako część systemu onomastyki europejskiej zbadane nazwy odzwierciedlają też dynamikę tego systemu, między innymi rozprzestrzenienie innowacji onomastycznych i ich przekształcenie w nieuosobione nazwy własne.
Pamięć nostalgiczna i językowa w listach lwowian do Profesor Zofii Kurzowej (w dwudziestą rocznicę śmierci Uczonej)
Authors: Kubiszyn-Mędrala Zofia , Szpiczakowska Monika
Published: May 2023

NOSTALGIC AND LINGUISTIC MEMORY IN THE LETTERS FROM LEOPOLITANS TO PROFESSOR ZOFIA KURZOWA (ON THE 20TH ANNIVERSARY OF DEATH)
The article refers to Professor Zofia Kurzowa’s research in the field of the Polish language of Kresy – the Eastern Borderlands. The authors of the article analyse letters that Leopolitans displaced in the postwar period wrote to Professor Kurzowa after the publication of her book about the Polish language of the prewar Lviv. The analysis refers to memory studies and describes the nostalgic and linguistic memory found in the letters of Leopolitans. The nostalgic memory draws on the longing for the homeland, for something that was precious in life but was lost. A manifestation of linguistic memory is what was preserved in the language of prewar Lviv.
Mikołaj Rej i jego epoka po japońsku. Rozważania na marginesie książki ミコワイ・レイ氏の鏡と 動物園 [Zwierciadło i Zwierzyniec pana Mikołaja Reja]
Authors: Wojciechowski Bartosz T. , Miodunka Władysław T.
Published: May 2023

MIKOLAJ REJ AND HIS EPOCH (POLISH RENAISSANCE) IN JAPANESE: SEVERAL THOUGHTS CONCERNING THE BOOK ミコワイ・レイ氏の鏡と動物園. ZWIERCIADŁO I ZWIERZYNIEC PANA MIKOŁAJA REJA
The article opens with remarks on Mikołaj Rej as outlined in Czesław Miłosz’s The History of Polish Literature, along with some observations on Rej’s language that became the material basis for the first grammatical description of the Polish language by Piotr Statorius-Stojeński in 1568. The next part of the article includes an outline of Professor Sekiguchi Tokimasa’s academic profile. Professor Sekiguchi is one of Japan’s foremost authorities in Polish Studies, as well as prolific writer and translator whose output includes translations of Rej’s literary legacy enclosed in the volume in question. The text also gives a detailed analysis of the original Japanese work, including its presentation of Mikołaj Rej as an author, but also commented fragments of his works: Speculum, Bestiary, Figliki (Facetiae), and The Image of a Good Man’s Life. The concluding part comments on Rej’s epoch which is commonly labeled “The Golden Age of Polish Culture”.
Revisión de literatura sobre gestión de cadenas de suministro sostenibles e innovaciones disruptivas en Pymes
Authors: Mejía Salazar Ismael Santiago , Ayala Soto Andrés Sebastián
Published: May 2023

La gestión de la cadena de suministro sostenible (GCSS) se ha convertido en un tema cada vez más importante para las empresas, ya que tiene un impacto significativo en el medio ambiente y la sociedad a nivel mundial. A medida que las empresas buscan adoptar prácticas más sostenibles, es necesario un enfoque estratégico y de innovación radical que se centre en la sostenibilidad social, económica y ambiental a lo largo de las cadenas de suministro. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio es realizar una revisión sistemática de literatura reciente sobre las innovaciones con enfoques disruptivos en la GCSS, específicamenteen el contexto de las Pymes. Los resultados describen los conceptos teóricos y empíricos de los estudios hallados, respecto a cuatro prácticas puntuales (con un mayor enfoque disruptivo): comercio justo, economía circular, abastecimiento local y producción orgánica, sin desconocer la existencia de muchas más. Como conclusión, la integración de estas innovaciones sostenibles apunta hacia esta sostenibilidad social, ambiental y económica de la cadena de suministro de Pymes, gracias a capacidades dinámicas, como, por ejemplo, la integración con partes interesadas.
Globalized Distributionally Robust Counterpart
Authors: Liu Feng , Chen Zhi , Wang Shuming
Published: May 2023

We extend the notion of globalized robustness to consider distributional information beyond the support of the ambiguous probability distribution. We propose the globalized distributionally robust counterpart that disallows any (respectively, allows limited) constraint violation for distributions residing (respectively, not residing) in the ambiguity set. By varying its inputs, our proposal recovers several existing perceptions of parameter uncertainty. Focusing on the type 1 Wasserstein distance, we show that the globalized distributionally robust counterpart has an insightful interpretation in terms of shadow price of globalized robustness, and it can be seamlessly integrated with many popular optimization models under uncertainty without incurring any extra computational cost. Such computational attractiveness also holds for other ambiguity sets, including the ones based on probability metric, optimal transport, ϕ-divergences, or moment conditions, as well as the event-wise ambiguity set. Numerical studies on an adaptive network lot-sizing problem demonstrate the modeling flexibility of our proposal and its emphases on globalized robustness to constraint violation.

History: Antonio Frangioni, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms—Continuous.

Funding: Z. Chen was supported by [General Research Fund Grant 9043424, NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme N_CityU105/21] from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council. S. Wang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71922020, 72171221, and 71988101, entitled “Econometric Modeling and Economic Policy Studies”] and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Grant UCAS-E2ET0808X2].

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0274 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0274 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Solving Optimization Problems with Blackwell Approachability
Authors: Grand-Clément Julien , Kroer Christian
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for solving convex-concave saddle-point problems using regret minimization in the repeated game framework. To do so, we introduce the Conic Blackwell Algorithm+ ([Formula: see text]), a new parameter- and scale-free regret minimizer for general convex compact sets. [Formula: see text] is based on Blackwell approachability and attains [Formula: see text] regret. We show how to efficiently instantiate [Formula: see text] for many decision sets of interest, including the simplex, [Formula: see text] norm balls, and ellipsoidal confidence regions in the simplex. Based on [Formula: see text], we introduce [Formula: see text], a new parameter-free algorithm for solving convex-concave saddle-point problems achieving a [Formula: see text] ergodic convergence rate. In our simulations, we demonstrate the wide applicability of [Formula: see text] on several standard saddle-point problems from the optimization and operations research literature, including matrix games, extensive-form games, distributionally robust logistic regression, and Markov decision processes. In each setting, [Formula: see text] achieves state-of-the-art numerical performance and outperforms classical methods, without the need for any choice of step sizes or other algorithmic parameters.

Funding: J. Grand-Clément is supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grant 11-LABX-0047] and by Hi! Paris. C. Kroer is supported by the Office of Naval Research [Grant N00014-22-1-2530] and by the National Science Foundation [Grant IIS-2147361].
primal wonder as a sprout of intellectual virtue
Authors: Peng Chih-wei
Published: May 2023

This paper argues that the concept of primal wonder in P4C, proposed by Thomas E. Jackson, can be seen as a “sprout” or seed of intellectual virtue. My understanding of his insight is inspired by Mengzi’s view of moral cultivation and Aristotle’s eudaimonist account of virtue ethics. According to Mengzi, all humans possess four innate sprouts of virtue, and the aim of moral education is to nurture these moral sprouts so that they can grow up into fully ripened virtues. In terms of P4C, Jackson contends that all of us are born already with a special feeling of wonder which he refers to as “primal wonder”. Synthesizing his statement with Mengzi’s agricultural metaphor of moral sprouts, I shall take one step forward by arguing that the innate sense of wonder within every child can be seen as a sprout of virtue. Additionally, once children’s primal wonder has been transformed into a virtue through implementing P4C in the classroom, this admirable character trait, I suggest, should be understood as an intellectual virtue according to Aristotelian virtue ethics. This is because the virtue of wonder can promote children’s intellectual flourishing, which is fully endorsed by Aristotle’s contention that the happiest kind of life is a philosophical one, and that philosophy begins in wonder. In short, if primal wonder as a sprout of intellectual virtue can lead to the highest good for human beings, then one of the main educational goals of doing philosophy with children, I suggest, is to turn their primal wonder into a virtuous habit so that they can live an examined life.
Um corpo virado ao avesso
Authors: Machado Clara
Published: May 2023

Este ensaio aborda uma série de trabalhos produzidas por mim através do uso do sangue, e busca pensar o corpo e seus vestígios. São traçadas relações com um texto da autora Veronica Stigger e uma obra da artista Karin Lambrecht em que o sangue é elemento presente.
As relações entre instituições culturais, cidade e paisagem: o caso do Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Castro Ana Carolina , Silva Laura Cristina Souza da , Pequeno Fernanda
Published: May 2023

O artigo analisa a relação entre o centro cultural e a paisagem urbana. Para isso, realiza um panorama das teorias da paisagem no Ocidente e no Brasil. Nesse recorte específico, aborda-se o Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil do Rio de Janeiro, avaliando criticamente sua atuação como ferramenta de transformação nos usos da cidade.
FORMAÇÃO COLABORATIVO-CRÍTICA DE PROFESSORES DE LÍNGUAS / Critical-collaborative education of language teachers
Authors: Machado Pereira Lauro Sérgio , Santclair Dllubia , Da Silva Kléber Aparecido
Published: May 2023

Resenha deSILVESTRE, V. P. V. Colaboração e crítica na formação de professores/as de línguas: teorizações construídas em uma experiência com o Pibid. Campinas: Pontes Editores, 2017. 289p.
Treatment planning over 50 years
Authors: Hemmings Ken
Published: May 2023

There have been significant changes in restorative dentistry since the first publication of Dental Update 50 years ago. The changes in prosthodontics are described in this article, as are the interactions with the sister disciplines of endodontics and periodontology. Conventional crowns, bridges and dentures were the main ‘tools of the trade’ in the 1970s. Adhesive materials, dental implants and bleaching have allowed a less destructive way of repairing and replacing teeth. Dentists and patients have different attitudes to dentistry today. Technology continues to improve, and how we practice continues to evolve.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Looking back over 50 years of clinical dentistry is useful to see the changes in our day-to-day practice and see the techniques which have passed the test of time.
Black to Dental Update and beyond!
Authors: Ricketts David NJ , Banerjee Avijit , Deery Chris
Published: May 2023

Dental caries is one of the most common non-communicable diseases globally, and while entirely preventable, it still accounts for a huge economic burden in the form of operative management, which ranges from minimally invasive techniques to extensive direct and indirect restorations, root canal treatment and ultimately extraction. In this article, we look at the marked changes in caries epidemiology, detection, diagnosis, assessment and management that has taken place in the past five decades since Dental Update was first published, and reflect on how this has had an impact on the oral health of our patients today.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Awareness of changes in caries understanding over the last five decades is of value to clinicians.
Planing, probing and pockets: progress in Perio or more of the same?
Authors: Dunn Ian
Published: May 2023

It is all too easy to think that nothing has changed in periodontology in the past 50 years. Self-performed plaque control, avoidance of the known risk factors and professional removal of deposits above and below the gum line have been the mainstay of periodontal management for decades. However, our understanding of what we actually need to do to the root surface to facilitate periodontal healing has changed dramatically in the past 50 years and advances in surgical technique and regenerative materials have made treatment more conservative, allowing us to predictably treat periodontitis.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The changes in periodontal management during the 50 years that Dental Update has been in circulation are highlighted.
A history of posterior composite restorations as viewed through the pages of Dental Update
Authors: Burke FJ Trevor , Mackenzie Louis , Shortall Adrian CC
Published: May 2023

Patients today are increasingly seeking tooth-coloured restorations for their posterior dentition, and with the anticipated decline in the use of amalgam as a result of the Minamata Agreement, this trend will increase. However, these are relatively recent considerations, given that the first dedicated resin composite material intended for use in posterior teeth appeared in 1986. Although macro-filled resin composite materials were available prior to 1986, they exhibited poor wear resistance. This article reviews the history of so-called ‘posterior composite’ restorations as gleaned from the pages of Dental Update, including how some of the early techniques described were subsequently proved to be erroneous, and how knowledge from research and clinical experience corrected these, so that clinicians may now place predictable, reliable, aesthetic ‘posterior composite’ restorations.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Lessons from the history of posterior composites may provide the foundation for their successful use in contemporary clinical practice.
Oral surgery: what challenges and opportunities are there on the horizon?
Authors: Renton Tara , Patel Vinod
Published: May 2023

This article looks at what challenges and opportunities will arise in the future for oral surgery.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of challenges and opportunities in oral surgery is essential for good clinical practice.
Epidemics, pandemics and dentistry: a commentary
Authors: Samaranayake Lakshman , Fakhruddin Kausar Sadia
Published: May 2023

There is no doubt that epidemics and pandemics have transformed dentistry beyond recognition. In this commentary we recapitulate the possible reasons for the emergence of major global epidemics and pandemics, how and why they emerge, and the successful attempts of the dental profession to mitigate infectious transmission in the clinic, which in turn has metamorphosed our profession today. We also peer into the future of dentistry through the prism of the new conceptual approach of ‘one world, one health’ recently declared by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Finally, we discuss five realms of dentistry that have been irretrievably impacted by the recent COVID-19 pandemic, viz vaccines, point of care diagnostics, teledentistry, reinforced infection control, and dental pedagogy.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Vaccines and vaccinations have become integral to societal wellbeing and the prevention of global pandemics.
Advancing nursing practice and residential care
Authors: Barron Kim
Published: May 2023

Kim Barron discusses the role of the advanced nursing practitioner in residential care homes.
Occurrence, Identification and Preliminary Biological Control of Bulb Rot of Onion (Allium cepa)
Authors:   Division of Plant Pathology, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Srimai Kanchana , Akarapisan Angsana ,   Division of Plant Pathology, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: May 2023

Onion bulb rot was observed in low-temperature warehouses in Mae Wang District, Chiang Mai, Thailand in 2022. The pathogens were isolated and identifi ed as Pantoea agglomerans and Burkholderia gladioli based on morphological and biochemical characterization, pathogenicity tests, and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Biological control is regarded as a safer and more sustainable strategy than chemical control and has elicited great attention for disease control. Bacillus sp. isolate BB22 was isolated from rhizosphere soil and was evaluated for its preliminary potential to inhibit the growth of onion bulb rot bacterial pathogens by the dual culture technique. The results showed inhibition zones of P. agglomerans of 30.1 mm and B. gladioli of 13.0 mm. Molecular identifi cation of Bacillus sp. isolate BB22 was performed by using 16S rRNA and gyrA gene sequences and confi rmed as Bacillus velezensis. PCR amplifi cation of the bmyB, fenD, ituA, and srfAA genes coding for bacillomycin, fengycin D, iturin A, and surfactin, respectively, showed the potential for the production of these antibiotics. This study revealed the potential application of B. velezensis as a biocontrol agent against bulb rot-causing bacterial pathogens of onions.
Biocontrol of Colletotrichum falcatum Causing Red Rot Disease of Sugarcane Using Non-toxigenic Aspergillus sp.
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Srijudanu Atcharaporn ,   Postharvest and Processing Research and Development Division, Department of Agriculture, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Piasai Onuma ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Leesutthiphonchai Wiphawee ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Wanitch Mattana ,   Khon Kaen Field Crops Research Center, Department of Agriculture, Khon Kaen 40000, Thailand, Chaisiri Chingchai ,   College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 43007, China, Khewkhom Netnapis ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Published: May 2023

Red rot disease caused by Colletotrichum falcatum is a major production threat to several sugarcane varieties in Thailand. Biological control is an ecologically friendly alternative to manage the disease using microbial antagonism and associated metabolic products. In this study, four Aspergillus non-toxigenic strains (A37, A374, A400, and A561) were characterized using a genetic approach and evaluated for their antagonistic potential to suppress the growth of C. falcatum. The strain A561 had the maximum number of gene deletions, with 12 afl atoxin-producing genes being lost. In addition, the non-toxigenic characteristic of A561 was confi rmed using afl atoxin B1 (AFB1) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A561 reduced the concentration of AFB1 by 98.57% (1.63 μg/kg) relative to the toxigenic control. The antagonistic activity of A561 was evaluated against C. falcatum using the competition plate method on potato dextrose agar (PDA) in vitro. The results revealed that A561 inhibited the mycelial growth of C. falcatum by 34.39%. In addition, 10% (v/v) culture fi ltrate of A561 on PDA produced mycelial inhibition of 53.21%. Non-toxigenic A561 had antifungal potential, suppressing the growth of C. falcatum.
Introducing Privacy Receipts into DLT and eIDAS
Authors: Lindquist Jan
Published: May 2023

The introduction of digital identification (e.g., eIDAS) and wallet standards (e.g., EUDI wallet) require compliance with privacy principles and clear communication of the principles through privacy notice and record of consent in the form of a privacy receipt. Regulation needs standards to help set the bar for reducing the privacy infringement risk. Without a standard-based implementation, solutions will be proprietary and siloed with no concern for interoperability, like privacy labels in Google and Apple app stores. Do existing standards address the gap, or do new ones need to be introduced? This article looks at the standards and regulations in three areas to answer this question: privacy protection standards, blockchain and DLT standards, and digital identification and wallet standards.
A History of Teaching Medical History in Medical Schools in Europe and America
Authors: YEO In-sok
Published: May 2023

Medical history was an important part of medicine in the West from antiquity, through the Middle Ages, and until the Renaissance. Hippocrates, Galen, and Avicenna were historical figures, but they dominated the medicine of the Western world at least until Renaissance. The medicine of the past, which did not become history, still remained an important part of present medicine. In the 19th century, medicine in the past is now relativized as an object of history. At the same time, the 'practicality' of medical science was emphasized. The practicality referred to here means that, unlike previous times, medicine in the past has been historicalized, but it can provide practical help to current medicine. In particular, in the era of positivism that dominated the late 19th century, this practicality was a core value of medical history. In the 20th century, the era of scientific medicine, the new role is given to medical history. It was to give a integrated view on contemporary medicine which was subdivided into many specialized fields. Along with this, medical history, once a main part of medicine, moves to the field of history. At the same time, the rise of medical humanities in medical education becomes an opportunity to redefine the role of medical history. Seeking productive cooperation with other humanities and social sciences that deal with medical issues, such as medical anthropology, medical sociology, and literature, will be a new task given to medical history today.
A Study on ‘Insul (An Art of Benevolence)’: Formation of Korean Medical Ethics in Modern Korea
Authors: LEE Hyojin
Published: May 2023

“Medicine is an art of benevolence [Kr. 인술 Insul, Ch. 仁術 Renshu].” This slogan is widely accepted in East Asia, and at least in South Korea, it is generally regarded as an innate medical ethic. However, the original meaning of ‘In’ (仁, Ch. Ren), which means ‘benevolence,’ ‘humanity,’ or simply ‘love for one another,’ is a Confucian virtue emphasized by Mencius. It is unclear when this Confucian term became the representative medical ethic in South Korea. The term “medical ethic” was not coined until the 19th century in the West (Robert Baker and Laurence B. McCullough, eds. 2009). We often use the terms ‘Insul,’ ‘affection,’ ‘Hippocratic Oath,’ and other related concepts interchangeably, but these words come from different times and have different ideological implications (Shin 2000). This paper examines how ‘Insul’ has been recreated under the tensions between Western and Eastern Medicine in modern Korea.The arrival of Western medicine caused an existential crisis in traditional Korean medicine. The status of TKM doctors was demoted by the ‘Uisaeng Regulation’ in 1913 by the JGGK, which aimed to establish a unicameral medical system based on Western medicine. In response, the scientification of Eastern medicine became an inevitable task, and Eastern medicine had to maintain its identity while also modernizing itself to avoid being absorbed into Western medicine. Until the late Joseon period, ‘Insul’ was rarely used in medicine but rather for political practices. Medical practice was a peripheral way of conducting Ren (仁), the Confucian benevolence. However, TKM rediscovered the concept during the modern era. With the Convention of Korean Uisaeng in October 1915, the TKM community actively used ‘Insul’ as their identity. At this convention, Governor General Terauchi Mastake used the term to mean traditional medicine and implied that without scientification, ‘Insul’ would be disused. This address was immediately and widely quoted in TKM journals. TKM doctors and adherents interpreted his address to mean that if they could achieve scientification of TKM, their medical ideal (Insul) would be used in the future. Soon, a number of articles on ‘Insul’ as a medical ethic were published in newspapers and journals.From the mid-1920s, regardless of whether the doctors practiced East or West medicine, people started to claim that only those who pursued ‘Insul’ were true medical personnel, and they used this as a criterion for evaluating medical doctors. The people’s demand for ‘Insul’ influenced medicine in general, and Western doctors also linked their medical practices to ‘Insul.’ This is an interesting example of the localization of Western medicine in Korea. Through the rivalry relationship or interaction between East and West medicine that took place in modern Korea, ‘Insul’ gradually became a representative term of Korean medical ethics since the mid-1920s. The process took place gradually over a decade, and it has now become firmly established throughout medicine in Korea.
A Panorama of Constellation of Thoughts on Heredity
Book Review on Hans-Jörg Rheinberger and Staffan Müller-Wille, Korean trans. Jaehwan Hyun, A Cultural History of Heredity (Pusan: Pusan National University Press, 2022).
Authors: Yi Jongsik Christian
Published: May 2023

This book review examines A Cultural History of Heredity as a historical account of the development of a body of thought that the authors refer to as “biological hereditarian thinking” in Europe and North America during the long 19th and 20th centuries. Rather than a standard history of modern genetics, the book, as the title properly suggests, introduces and connects various ideas about heredity. The aim of this review is to simplify the complex historical time frame and highlight some of the main themes and lines of thinking to make this masterpiece more accessible to life and medical scientists. In other words, this review seeks to provide an epistemological typology of heredity.
High-performance circular polarization modulation using a dielectric metasurface
Authors: Hussain Shahid , Ji Ruonan , Wang Shaowei
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate a chiral metasurface that exhibits a giant chiroptical response as well as functions as an optical diode due to geometrical asymmetry for circularly polarized light (CPL). Engineering the Mie-type multipole radiation using geometrical features led to performance values in terms of near-unity transmission and circular dichroism (CD) efficiency (about 0.96) and an extinction ratio of  ∼3.8×104 for 1550 nm wavelength. A continuous stopband of 1538–1556 nm is achieved for an unchosen component of CPL while keeping the transmission efficiency of the chosen CPL component larger than 0.9. Because of the high extinction ratio and CD efficiency, the proposed metasurface has the potential for chiroptical applications including high-contrast polarization imaging, precise Stokes parameters measurement, optical diodes, and polarization detection for CPL.
Optical modeling of the entire visual field of the eye
Authors: Simpson Michael J.
Published: May 2023

Vision is rarely evaluated scientifically at very large visual angles, despite being used continuously in everyday life. Furthermore, raytrace calculations indicate that peripheral optical properties are different for a pseudophakic eye, and even though this is rarely noted by patients, it is probably the cause of bothersome “negative dysphotopsia.” Simplified paraxial parameters that characterize the basic properties of phakic and pseudophakic eyes are collected together here as a baseline, and then raytracing is used to show that input angles of about 60°, which correspond to obstruction by the nose, eyebrow, and cheek, illuminate a retinal hemisphere. At larger angles in the temporal direction, the image with an intraocular lens (IOL) reaches a limit due to vignetting at about a 90° input angle to the optical axis, in comparison to 105° with the Gullstrand–Emsley eye model, and 109° for the most realistic gradient index crystalline lens model. Scaling the far peripheral vision region more accurately may lead to benefits relating to intraocular lenses, diseases of the peripheral retina, widefield fundus images, and myopia prevention.
Terahertz super-resolution imaging based on a confocal waveguide and a slider-crank scanning mechanism
Authors: Wang Zhengxin , Li Xinyu , Wang Qianwen , Gong Cheng , Liu Weiwei
Published: May 2023

Due to the limitation of Abbe diffraction limit, the traditional terahertz (THz) continuous wave imaging methods based on lenses or mirrors are difficult to achieve super-resolution. Here we present a confocal waveguide scanning method for THz reflective super-resolution imaging. In the method, a low loss THz hollow waveguide is used to replace the traditional terahertz lens or parabolic mirror. Through optimizing the size of the waveguide, we can achieve far field subwavelength focusing at 0.1THz and achieve super-resolution terahertz imaging. In addition, a slider-crank high-speed scanning mechanism is used in the scanning system, and the imaging speed is more than 10 times faster than the traditional step scanning system based on linear guides.
Tunable double split-ring resonator for quantum sensing using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
Authors: Yang Yan , Wu Qin , Wang YangPeng , Chen WuHui , Yu Zhifei , Yang Xiaofan , Fan Jing-Wei , Chen Bing
Published: May 2023

For quantum sensing based on nitrogen-vacancies (NV) ensembles, microwave antennas can couple the microwave field to the NV center, which leads it to becoming the core of spin manipulation and can directly affect the sensitivity of quantum sensing. The double split-ring resonator is a widely used microwave device for NV ensembles due to the advantages of high radiation efficiency and uniform magnetic field in millimeter-scale areas. But the bandwidth (30 MHz) is quite narrow which limits the application in quantum sensing with NV ensembles. Here, we experimentally achieve continuous tuning of the resonant frequency of the double split-ring resonator by changing the copper sheet position on the edge of the outer ring. The frequency tuning range can reach 80 MHz, up to 2-3 times the bandwidth, which can cover the transition of the electron spin under different magnetic field conditions. The performance of the tunable antenna in the quantum operation of NV centers is verified by optically detected magnetic resonance and Rabi oscillation. This tunable antenna is promising in the fabrication of integrated and arrayed quantum sensors based on NV ensembles.