bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una controvertida relación laboral especial: el personal directivo de las entidades del sector público
Authors: Cabello Burgos José Javier
Published: February 2025

La creación de entidades públicas vinculadas a las Administraciones implicó la necesidad de dotarlas de cargos gerenciales con potestades de representación, decisión y ejecución en todos los ámbitos de su actividad ordinaria, los cuales solo respondían ante sus órganos estatutarios. La regulación de tal figura se estableció con carácter general en el Estatuto Básico del Empleado Público, que determinó que el vínculo correspondiente al directivo público era el personal de alta dirección regulado por el Real Decreto 1382/1985. No obstante, la equiparación del directivo público a la citada norma es extraordinariamente compleja, lo que ha conllevado continuos cambios de criterios jurisprudenciales, los cuales parecen opuestos a las intenciones y desarrollos legislativos posteriores, tanto en el ámbito estatal como autonómicos.
ANÁLISE DO RESULTADO FINANCEIRO DA PRODUÇÃO AGROPECUÁRIA DOS MUNICÍPIOS DE GOIÁS: Censo 2017
Authors: Sousa Suzanne Carvalho , Oliveira Elis Regina , Paranaíba Alexandre de Carvalho , Oliveira Élcio Dihl
Published: February 2025

Este artigo objetiva elaborar diagnóstico da produção agropecuária com base no Censo-2017, considerando o ranking dos dez municípios goianos com maiores e menores resultados financeiros. O diagnóstico foi caracterizado pelos indicadores: perfil dos dirigentes dos estabelecimentos; atividade econômica; financiamento; e de indicadores de nível tecnológico. Utilizaram-se técnicas de pesquisa quantitativa, exploratória, descritiva e documental. No ranking com menor resultado financeiro (Dez-) são predominantes dirigentes da agricultura familiar, com destaque para proporção de mulheres que é um pouco maior em relação às demais dirigentes. Em relação à idade, observa-se maior frequência de estabelecimentos com dirigentes com faixa etária de 35 a menos de 75 anos, sendo os da agricultura familiar um pouco mais velho. Entre os Dez- a escolaridade dos dirigentes da agricultura familiar é mais baixa; tem maior proporção de estabelecimentos que se dedicam à pecuária e lavoura temporária, sendo que a lavoura permanente, também, se destaca nesse grupo.
Lower Ferrum, Selenium, and Cadmium; Higher Chromium and Lead Levels in Preeclampsia Patients’ Erythrocyte: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Prayudhana Sandhy , Prasmusinto Damar , Wibowo Noroyono , Irwinda Rima , Purwosunu Yuditiya , Saroyo Yudianto Budi
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and trace elements in erythrocytes are linked to impaired nitric oxide that can lead to endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia patients. The morphology of erythrocytes could also be affected by oxidative stress and trace elements. While the relationships between erythrocyte index, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and oxidative stress in preeclampsia have been well established, less attention has been given to the erythrocyte trace elements and their role in disease progression. This study was performed to examine the erythrocyte trace element profile in women with preeclampsia, comparing it with controls. Additionally, it will explore the correlations between erythrocyte trace element levels, the erythrocyte index, and SOD activity.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 40 pregnant women consisting of those with severe preeclampsia and normotensive. Erythrocytes was isolated from blood samples, and analysis of erythrocyte SOD activity and trace elements were performed using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively.RESULTS: Among 15 examined erythrocyte trace elements, the levels of ferrum (Fe), selenium (Se), and cadmium (Cd) were significantly lower, meanwhile, the levels of chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) were significantly higher in preeclampsia subjects. Additionally, preeclampsia subjects exhibited smaller erythrocyte sizes compared to the normotensive subjects. The erythrocyte SOD activity was significantly elevated in the preeclampsia subjects than the normotensive subjects.CONCLUSION: Erythrocyte trace element levels of Fe, Se, Cd, Cr, and Pb were significantly altered in preeclampsia compared to normotensive controls. These findings suggest that these trace elements may serve as potential predictors for preeclampsia.KEYWORDS: preeclampsia, trace elements, antioxidant, oxidative stress, superoxide dismutase, erythrocyte index
Inhibition of Neurogenesis and Induction of Glial Scar Formation by Neuroinflammation Following Ischemic Stroke: Evaluation of BDNF, GFAP, HMGB1 and TNF-α Expressions
Authors: Widayati Aris , Rantam Fedik Abdul , Machin Abdulloh , Riawan Wibi
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke remains as a major health problem and one important process in Ischemic Stroke is neuroinflammation which has a principal role to maintain the balance of neurogenesis and neurodegeneration process in the brain. Neuroinflammation can lead to glial scar and inhibit neurogenesis processes which is needed for recovery neuron function. This study was conducted to observe the role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as neuroinflammation markers to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as glial scar marker and to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as neurogenesis marker in brain tissue following ischemic stroke.METHODS: Fifteen male Wistar rats were randomized to three groups; sham group, rats receiving occlusion and terminated 180 minutes later (group A), and rats receiving occlusion and terminated after 7 days (group B). Expressions of BDNF and BDNF mRNA were examined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. While GFAP, HMGB1, TNF-α were assessed using IHC.RESULTS: Expression of BDNF was found lower in group A and group B than in sham group (5.20±1.924, 5.00±1.581, and 7.80±1.304, respectively; p=0.032). Expression of BNDF mRNA was found lower in group A and B than in sham group as well. While expression of GFAP was found higher in group A and B than in sham group (9.60±1.517, 11.40±2.074, and 5.20±1.48, respectively; p=0.000). Higher level of HMGB1 and TNF-α expressions were also found to in group A and group B than in sham group (9.3±1.528, 11.67±1.528, and 2.00±1.000, respectively; p=0.000 for HMGB1 and 6.33±1.155, 9.33±1.528, and 3.00±1.000, respectively; p=0.002 for TNF-α).CONCLUSION: The presence of low BDNF levels and high levels of GFAP, HMGB1 and TNF-α markers, possibly reflects inhibition of the neurogenesis process by neuroinflammation, and induced glial scar formation in ischemic stroke conditions after than 180 hours until 7 days. KEYWORDS: ischemic stroke, BDNF, GFAP, TNF-α, HMGB1
Safety Concerns of Tectona grandis L.f. Leaf Extract as a Natural Food Colorant: Evidence of Irreversible Organ Pathology in Subchronic Toxicity Study
Authors: Hamdin Candra Dwipayana , Galanova Dandiko , Saputro Dheny Cahyo , Munir Ivan Mambaul , Nurrochmad Arief , Puspitasari Ika
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Tectona grandis Lf (TG) leaves are traditionally used in Indonesia for natural dyeing, and are gaining popularity as food colorants globally. However, their safety profile remains unclear. Acute toxicity studies reported no fatalities at doses up to 5000 mg/kg BW, histological analyses revealed inflammation and necrosis in the stomach, raising concerns regarding the long-term safety of TG leaf extract. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate subchronic toxicity of TG leaf extract in both males and females Wistar rats.METHODS: TG leaf extracts were obtained by water extraction and extract powder was suspended in sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC). Male and female rats were administered TG leaf extract at doses of 0, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg BW for 28 days, with a 14-days recovery phase in the satellite groups (as controls). Hematology profiles and biochemistry were analyzed using hematology analyzer and spectrophotometry. Histology analysis was performed to investigate TG effects on the organs.RESULTS: Hematological analysis revealed reversible reductions in hemoglobin, erythrocyte, and hematocrit levels, along with irreversible decreases in leukocyte and thrombocyte. While TG leaf extract did not significantly affect serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), or creatinine levels, bilirubin levels increased, but remained within normal ranges. However, histopathological findings at 40 mg/kg BW revealed congestion and inflammation in the digestive organs, as well as neutrophil infiltration and congestion in metabolism-related organs, the lungs, liver, kidneys, and lymph nodes. These pathological changes persisted throughout the recovery period.CONCLUSION: TG leaf extract raises safety concerns, particularly at a dose of 40 mg/kg BW, as it induces irreversible organ pathology despite reversible changes in blood parameters.KEYWORDS: Indonesian Tectona grandis Lf, subchronic, toxicity, natural, food, colorants
The Effect of Antibiotic Use on Intensive Care Unit Admission and Mortality in Inpatients with COVID-19 Diagnosis
Authors: Karakök Taliha , Doğan Ahmet , Acar Onur
Published: February 2025

Aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had and continues to directly impact antibiotic management. This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic use and its impact on intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Material and Methods: The medical records of 324 COVID-19 patients aged ≥18 years who had clinical signs of infection and were followed up in the service were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups, those who received antibiotics and those who did not. Patients transferred from the ICU to the ward, discharged on the first day, or had missing data were excluded from the study.
Results: Of the patients, 172 (53.1%) were male, 152 (46.9%) were female, and 212 (65.4%) received antibiotic treatment. Hospitalization longer than one week (p
The effects of brand image, halal label, and animosity on purchasing decision with promotion as a moderating variable: A case study of Scarlett Whitening sales at Mutiara Kosmetik Shop
Authors: Heydiana Alma , Aliyanti Fitri Eka
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe Indonesian skincare market has experienced rapid growth, driven by increased consumer awareness and demand for affordable, high-quality products. Scarlett Whitening has emerged as a leading local brand, leveraging its brand image and halal certification. However, challenges such as limited consumer awareness of halal certification and socio-political animosity complicate purchasing decisions.ObjectivesThis study examines the influence of brand image, halal certification, and consumer animosity on purchasing decisions for Scarlett Whitening products. It also investigates the moderating role of promotional activities in these relationships.MethodA quantitative approach was adopted, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze data from 220 respondents at Mutiara Kosmetik in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study employed a structured questionnaire to measure brand image, halal certification, animosity, promotions, and purchasing decisions, ensuring validity and reliability through established scales.ResultsBrand image significantly and positively influenced purchasing decisions, highlighting its role in fostering consumer loyalty. Halal certification exhibited a negative relationship with purchasing decisions, suggesting gaps in consumer awareness. Animosity had no direct impact but was moderated by promotions, which effectively mitigated its effects. Promotions also amplified the positive influence of brand image but had limited impact on halal certification.ImplicationsThe findings underscore the importance of integrated marketing strategies that leverage brand strength, address consumer trust in ethical certifications, and mitigate socio-political challenges through targeted promotions. These insights are vital for enhancing market positioning in culturally sensitive contexts.Originality/NoveltyThis study provides a holistic framework for understanding purchasing decisions by integrating brand image, halal certification, animosity, and promotions, offering actionable recommendations for culturally and politically sensitive markets.
Lung Adenocarcinoma Exhibiting a Distinctive Histopathological Pattern Associated with a KRAS Mutation: A Case Report
Authors: Tachibana Mitsuhiro , Ito Yutaro , Fujikawa Ryo , Tsukamoto Kei , Uehara Masahiro , Kobayashi Jun , Hayashi Takuo
Published: February 2025

Since epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors were introduced in 2004, various driver gene mutations have been identified in non-small cell lung cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma, where mutations are typically mutually exclusive. EGFR and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) mutations are most prevalent in Japan, with routine testing now standard. However, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining often fails to detect mutations, except in cases such as ALK fusion lung cancer. We report a 76-year-old non-smoking Japanese woman diagnosed as having adenocarcinoma confirmed as KRAS G12D/S-positive. Histological features, including thanatosomes (hyaline globules; HGs), nuclear pleomorphism, and cytoplasmic clearing, may aid in identifying mutations. Numerous thanatosomes were identified, some containing nuclear dust. Thanatosomes revealed periodic acid-Schiff reactivity with diastase resistance, fuchsinophilia with Masson’s trichrome stain, and dark blue-black color with Mallory’s PTAH stain. This is the first report linking thanatosomes in KRAS-mutant pulmonary adenocarcinoma to apoptosis via cleaved caspase-3 staining. Research on medical applications of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has advanced significantly in recent years, and standard implementations of AI in pathology are likely not far off. Multiple studies have shown that convolutional neural networks make it possible to predict the presence of various driver gene mutations solely from HE-stained images.
The Impact of Aortic Calcification on Surgical Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Analysis Focused on Anastomotic Leak
Authors: Turhan Veysel Barış , Karacif Onur , Tutan Mehmet Berksun , Kartal Bahadır , Şahin Fatih , Kendirci Murat , Alkurt Ertuğrul Gazi
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a major complication of colorectal surgery (CRS), increasing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. While several AL risk factors have been identified, the role of aortic calcification (AC) remains unclear. As a marker of systemic atherosclerosis, AC may impair tissue perfusion and anastomotic healing. Additionally, tumor factors (TNM stage, histology, localization) and patient comorbidities (hypertension, cardiovascular disease, neoadjuvant therapy) may contribute to AL risk. This study evaluates the association between preoperative AC and AL incidence while considering additional risk factors. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 151 patients undergoing CRS from January 2020 to October 2023. Preoperative CT scans classified AC into Stage 0 (none), Stage 1 (< 50%), and Stage 2 (>50%) of the aortic circumference. Data on demographics, tumor characteristics, neoadjuvant therapy, and comorbidities were collected. AL risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: AL occurred in 5.96% (9/151) of patients. AL incidence was significantly higher in patients with >50% AC (44.47% vs. 11.27%, p=0.012). Multivariate analysis confirmed AC as an independent AL predictor (OR = 10.38, 95% CI: 1.243–92.118, p=0.032). Rectal tumor localization (p=0.038), hypertension (p=0.027), cardiovascular disease (p=0.014), and neoadjuvant therapy (p=0.045) were also associated with increased AL risk. Conclusions: Severe AC is an independent predictor of AL in CRS. Additionally, rectal tumors, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and neoadjuvant therapy contribute to AL risk. Preoperative vascular assessments and comprehensive risk stratification models may help identify high-risk patients and guide perioperative management strategies to reduce AL incidence.
Demographic and Socioeconomic Influences on Male Anthropometric Status: A Public Health Perspective from Vietnam
Authors: Le Tuyen D , Hoang Nghien TT , Le Hoa A , Hoang Ngan TD , Szymlek-Gay Ewa A. , Tran Duong T , Le Hiep N , Bui Yen TT , Nguyen Dung V , Truong Ha HP , Phung Hai
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Males exhibit higher health-related risk behaviours compared to females. This study aimed to determine the anthropometric status of adult males and associations of the anthropometric indicators with demographic and socioeconomic factors, with the goal of guiding healthy anthropometric status and nutrition interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 453 Vietnamese males aged ≥18 years. Weight, height and waist circumference measurements were collected and BMI, A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Body Roundness Index (BRI) and Waist to Height Ratio (WtHR) were calculated. Demographic and socioeconomic data included age, ethnicity, marital status, education level, employment status, monthly household income, monthly personal income, monthly household food expenditure, and the total number of household possessions. Results: Education level showed a significant association with BMI (negative association), while age (positive association) and monthly household income (negative association) were significantly associated with WtHR. Employment was significantly associated with ABSI. Education level was significantly associated with BRI. Conclusions: The findings highlight the complex relationship between anthropometric measurements reflecting nutritional status and demographic and socioeconomic factors, underscoring the importance of considering these variables in public health strategies aimed at reducing poor health and improving nutritional status in males in Vietnam.
Mapping the Advanced-Stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Landscape Goes Beyond Words: Two Large Language Models, Eight Tasks, One Journey
Authors: Quaranta Michela , Laios Alexandros , Rogers Charlie , Mavromatidou Anastasia , Thangavelu Amudha , Theophilou Georgios , Nugent David , DeJong Diederick , Kalampokis Evangelos
Published: February 2025

The advancement of natural language processing (NLP) technologies has transformed various sectors. However, their application in the healthcare domain, particularly for analysing clinical notes, remains underdeveloped. We investigated the use of deep neural networks, specifically transformer-based models, to predict intraoperative and postoperative outcomes related to advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer cytoreduction (aEOC) using unstructured surgical notes. We evaluated the performance of RoBERTa, a general-purpose language model and GatorTron, a domain-specific model, across eight binary classification tasks using the same dataset. The dataset consisted of 560 surgical records from patients with aEOC who underwent cytoreductive surgery at a tertiary UK reference centre. Predictive outcomes were converted into binary features to facilitate classification tasks. To enhance the contextual information available to the models, textual data from “operative findings” and “operative notes” were concatenated. Our findings highlight the tangible benefits of employing domain-specific language models for clinical text analysis. GatorTron generally outperformed RoBERTa across most predictive tasks, underscoring the advantages of domain-specific pretraining for understanding medical terminology and context. Both models struggled to predict certain outcomes, particularly those involving postoperative events like major complications and length of hospital stay, despite adjustments in hyperparameters and training strategies. This limitation suggests that operative text alone may not sufficiently capture the complexities of postoperative recovery. These findings have valuable implications for developing medical AI systems to improve the delivery of modern aEOC healthcare.
D-Entropy: A New Approach to the Dynamics and Evolution of Systems
Authors: Somsikov Vyacheslav , Kapytin Vitaliy
Published: February 2025

A new concept, D-entropy, is introduced to define the changes in the internal energy of systems moving in non-uniform external force fields. D-entropy is defined solely in terms of the system’s dynamic parameters, specifically as the ratio of the change in internal energy to its total internal energy. It arises from the equation of motion for structured bodies, which accounts for the work done by external forces that not only alters the body’s motion but also modifies its internal state. The uniqueness of D-entropy lies in its applicability to both mechanics and thermodynamics, enabling the analysis of evolutionary processes within the framework of physical laws. Kinetic energy and D-entropy are identified as key parameters in the evolution of systems.
The Hidden Forces Behind Delisting: Non-Financial and Macroeconomic Determinants
Authors: Lansdell Peter Anthony , Botha Ilse , Marx Ben
Published: February 2025

This study aims to uncover the hidden forces driving delisting from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) in South Africa, focusing on non-financial and macroeconomic determinants within a developing economy. Utilizing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a multivariate panel probit regression model, data from 2000 to 2023 were analyzed. Key non-financial factors identified include governance transparency, chairperson qualifications, diffused ownership, institutional influence, company longevity, and analyst recommendations. Strong governance and diverse ownership reduce delisting risks, while extended market presence and positive analyst coverage enhance stability. Significant macroeconomic variables affecting delisting probabilities are inflation, interest rates, credit extensions, unemployment rates, and real economic activity. Moderate inflation supports stability, whereas higher interest rates increase delisting risks. Increased credit availability and economic activity reduce these risks, while higher unemployment rates increase them. The study underscores the importance of robust governance, diverse ownership, and strong institutional investor relationships in South Africa's volatile context. Policymakers are advised to manage inflation, interest rates, and credit availability while addressing unemployment and stimulating economic activity. By revealing the intertwined influences of non-financial and macroeconomic factors, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of delisting dynamics in developing economies and offers strategies to support corporate stability and investor confidence.
1‐(Pyrrolidin‐1‐yl)naphtho[1,2‐d]isoxazole
Authors: Gerontitis Ioannis E. , Shaikh Abdul kadar , Alivertis Dimitrios , Tsoungas Petros G. , Varvounis George
Published: February 2025

In this study, we examined the oxidation of (E)-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde oxime with lead tetraacetate in tetrahydrofuran that produced novel (E)-7a,8,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-naphtho[1,2-e]pyrrolo[2,1-b][1,3]oxazin-12-one oxime and 1-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)naphtho[1,2-d]isoxazole, and, known 7a,8,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-naphtho[1,2-e]pyrrolo-[2,1-b][1,3]oxazin-12-one, in 15, 18 and 10% yields, respectively. The oxime is readily hydrolysed to its corresponding ketone. Modifying the oxidants and reaction conditions did not improve the product yields. Based on previous studies in our laboratory, we proposed that the reactions proceed via the formation of an o-naphthoquinone nitrosomethide intermediate. 1H and 13C NMR, HRMS, IR, and UV-VIS spectra provided information that supported the structure of the products.
Considerations and Challenges of Resorbable Intramedullary Nailing in Pediatric Forearm Fractures
Authors: Józsa Gergő , Kassai Tamás , Varga Marcell , Dávid Ádám László , Tóth Zoltán , Molnár Tibor , Antal Eszter , Lamberti Anna Gabriella , Nudelman Hermann , Lőrincz Aba
Published: February 2025

Background: Pediatric diaphyseal forearm fractures, often caused by sports or leisure activities, require treatment based on fracture stability. While stable fractures can be managed conservatively, unstable fractures typically require surgery, with elastic stable intramedullary (IM) nailing (ESIN) being the gold standard. Bioabsorbable IM nails (BINs) offer an alternative by eliminating the need for implant removal surgery. Methods: Between May 2023 and January 2025 we consecutively managed 161 children with poly-L-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) BINs in two healthcare centers for diaphyseal forearm fracture and evaluated every reported difficulty and complication of resorbable IM nails. Results: Seven unique peri- or postoperative events occurred during the study period . Even with high success rate, some complications occurred during the study period. The difficulties and complications are independent of the implant, but to the surgical tehnique. Iatrogenic complications such as bone cortex perforation and implant end split were evaluated, along with anatomical variations like focal and general medullary cavity stenosis narrowings that affected implant insertion. Secondary malalignment and one early (2 months) refracture and one recurrant fracture (2 years) were also noted. Conclusion: Although BINs reduce the need for a second surgery, careful planning, technique, and follow-up are crucial for optimal outcomes. Further research is needed to assess long-term results and complications.
Fatigue Reliability Analysis of Offshore Wind Turbines Under Combined Wind-Wave Excitation via DPIM
Authors: Ding Jingyi , Chen Hanshu , Liu Xiaoting , Rashed Youssef F. , Fu Zhuojia
Published: February 2025

As offshore wind turbines develop into deepwater operations, accurately quantifying the impact of stochastic excitation in complex sea environments on offshore wind turbines and conducting structural fatigue reliability analysis has become challenging. In this paper, based on long-term wind-wave reanalysis data from a site in the South China Sea, a novel direct probability integral method (DPIM) is developed for the stochastic response and fatigue reliability analysis of the key components for the floating offshore wind turbine structures under combined wind-wave excitation. A 5MW floating offshore wind turbine is considered as the research object, and a fully coupled dynamic response analysis of the wind turbine system is conducted to calculate the short-term fatigue damage value of tower base and blade root. The DPIM is applied to calculate the fatigue reliability of the wind turbine structure. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are validated by comparing the obtained results with those of Monte Carlo simulations. Furthermore, the results indicate that the fatigue life of floating offshore wind turbine structures under combined wind-wave excitation meets the design requirements. Notably, the fatigue reliability of the wind turbine under aligned wind-wave conditions is lower compared to misaligned wind-wave conditions.
Using AI-Based Approaches to Sustainably Develop Energy Production in a Solar Power Plant
Authors: Khosrojerdi Farhad , Gagnon Stéphane , Valverde Raul
Published: February 2025

In a photovoltaic (PV) system, shading conditions caused by weather and ambient factors can significantly affect the electricity production. For more than a decade, applications of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been used to improve energy production efficiency in the solar energy sector. In this paper, we present how using AI-based can increase energy production for solar power plants experiencing shading conditions. It is shown that the application of these techniques paves the road towards sustainable development for the solar power sector. Employing maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control systems, running metaheuristic and computer-based algorithms, help PV arrays to cope with shading conditions effectively. Using a case study, we compare energy productions of the solar power plant in two scenarios: I) PVs without a control system, and II) PV arrays equipped with MPPT boards. System Advisory Model (SAM) is used to calculate monthly powers generated by the PV system. Our results prove our hypothesis that the PV system using MPPT systems provides a greater monthly energy production than without MPPTs.
Hypothalamic Median Eminence Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone-Degrading Ectoenzyme Activity Is Dispensable for Basal Thyroid Axis Activity in Lean Rodents
Authors: Rodríguez-Rodríguez Adair , Uribe Rosa Maria , Cote-Vélez Antonieta , Joseph-Bravo Patricia , Charli Jean-Louis
Published: February 2025

The amplitude of the phasic output of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) into the hypothalamus-pituitary portal capillaries is likely controlled by the TRH-degrading ectoenzyme (TRH-DE) expressed on the surface of median eminence (ME) β2-tanycytes. To extend this hypothesis, we performed experiments in adult rodents reared in standard conditions. TRH-DE was close to the putative sites of TRH release in the male rat external layer of the ME. In global Trhde knock out mice, basal hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis parameters were not altered, but we detected an increased vimentin (a tanycyte marker) positive coverage of the portal vessels. We then overexpressed TRH-DE or a dominant negative isoform by microinjection of adeno-associated virus 1 (AAV1) vectors into the third ventricle of adult male rats. Two weeks after microinjection, cold stress-induced serum TSH concentration was decreased if ME TRH-DE activity had been enhanced. However, the long-term modification of TRH-DE activity in the ME had only a small impact on basal serum TSH concentration, but increased Trhr expression in the anterior pituitary of animals transduced with AAV1-TRH-DE. Thus, long-term modifications of ME TRH-DE activity lead to limited changes in serum TSH concentration in adult rodents reared in standard conditions, possibly because of adaptations of TRH communication in the ME and/or anterior pituitary.
Spatiotemporal Angiogenic Patterns in the Development of the Mouse Fetal Blood Brain Barrier System During Pregnancy
Authors: Brown Samuel , Shallie Philemon , Sierra Connor , Nayak Neha , Odibo Anthony O , Monaghan-Nichols Paula , Nayak Nihar R
Published: February 2025

Understanding the timing of fetal brain vulnerability to inflammatory changes in pregnancy complications is crucial for predicting neurodevelopmental risks. Beyond the placenta, the developing brain's vascular system is believed to form a secondary defense, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which restricts harmful substances that could disrupt neurodevelopment. However, the precise timing and mechanisms underlying BBB development are poorly understood. In this study, we examined the spatiotemporal expression of key BBB components and fetal brain vascularization in mice from gestational days (GD) 10 to 18. Fetal brain sections were immunostained to identify BBB components, including CD31, Factor VIII, NG2, and claudin-5. Our results showed that endothelial precursor cells form the primitive vascular network in a caudal to rostral gradient by GD10, with pericyte recruitment stabilizing vessels by GD12 in a lateral-to-medial gradient that aligns with neurogenesis, despite some regional exceptions. However, Factor VIII was not detected until GD15, and claudin-5 until GD18, suggesting a significant delay in endothelial maturation and tight junction formation. These findings highlight the critical timing of structural developments in the fetal brain vasculature and its vulnerability to placental diseases, laying the groundwork for future research on the impact of placental disorders on fetal brain development and potential therapeutic interventions.
Reevaluating the depositional model of the Cenomanian–Turonian Bridge Creek Limestone Member near Pueblo, Colorado, U.S.A.: roles of changing sedimentation rate on the formation of limestone–marl bedding couplets
Authors: Li Zhiyang , Flaum Jason
Published: February 2025

Although interbedded limestone–marl couplets in many hemipelagic and pelagic deposits have been commonly attributed to orbital-driven climate cycles, the driving mechanisms of these couplets remain largely controversial. This situation arises from the fact that detailed sedimentologic and petrographic facies characteristics of these fine-grained deposits have rarely been examined closely. In this study we conduct an integrated sedimentologic and petrographic analysis to disentangle causes of the limestone–marl bedding couplets in the Cenomanian–Turonian Bridge Creek Limestone Member (BCL) of the Greenhorn Formation using cores and outcrop near Pueblo, Colorado. By integrating existing geochemical datasets, each of the three general lithologies in the BCL including limestone, marl, and calcareous mudstone can be divided into two facies, a more bioturbated vs. a more laminated facies, in addition to bentonite beds. The variability in sedimentary, bioturbation, and petrographic characteristics of different sedimentary facies types, as well as constraints from the existing orbital time scale, in the BCL indicate changes in sediment accumulation rate or the amount of time recorded by different facies—the limestone, marl, and calcareous facies are interpreted to reflect increasing sedimentation rate. The sedimentary and petrographic facies variations, including but not limited to lithological alternations, in the BCL are interpreted to result from the combined influence of various processes such as bottom currents, bioturbation, early diagenesis, and episodic volcanic input, with some of the above-mentioned processes likely modulated by short-term relative changes in sea level. Results of this study highlight the need for detailed sedimentologic and petrographic studies and consideration of short-term changes in sedimentation rate to fully resolve the causes of the apparent limestone–marl bedding couplets and reliably reconstruct short-term changes in depositional and environmental conditions from the BCL and other similar successions.
Small molecule treatment alleviates photoreceptor cilia defects in LCA5-deficient human retinal organoids
Authors: Athanasiou Dimitra , Afanasyeva Tess A.V. , Chai Niuzheng , Ziaka Kalliopi , Jovanovic Katarina , Guarascio Rosellina , Boldt Karsten , Corral-Serrano Julio C. , Kanuga Naheed , Roepman Ronald , Collin Rob W.J. , Cheetham Michael E.
Published: February 2025

Bialleleic pathogenic variants in LCA5 cause one of the most severe forms of Leber congenital amaurosis, an early-onset retinal disease that results in severe visual impairment. Here, we report the use of gene editing to generate isogenic LCA5 knock-out (LCA5 KO) induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and their differentiation to retinal organoids. The molecular and cellular phenotype of the LCA5 KO retinal organoids was studied in detail and compared to isogenic controls as well as patient-derived retinal organoids. The absence of LCA5 was confirmed in retinal organoids by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. There were no major changes in retinal organoid differentiation or ciliation, however, the localisation of CEP290 and IFT88 was significantly altered in LCA5 KO and patient photoreceptor cilia with extension along the axoneme. The LCA5-deficient organoids also had shorter outer segments and rhodopsin was mislocalised to the outer nuclear layer. We also identified transcriptomic and proteomic changes associated with the loss of LCA5. Importantly, treatment with the small molecules eupatilin, fasudil or a combination of both drugs reduced CEP290 and IFT88 accumulation along the cilia. The treatments also improved rhodopsin traffic to the outer segment and reduced mislocalisation of rhodopsin in the outer nuclear layer. The improvements in cilia-associated protein localisation and traffic were accompanied by significant changes in the transcriptome towards control gene expression levels in many of the differentially expressed genes. In summary, iPSC-derived retinal organoids are a powerful model for investigating the molecular and cellular changes associated with loss of LCA5 function and highlight the therapeutic potential of small molecules to treat retinal ciliopathies.
Differential Item Functioning in Preterm Infant Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale in Neonates with critical conditions in NICU based on A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Peng Kanglong , Gao Li , Cao Jianguo , Yun Guojun , Huang Yi
Published: February 2025

Aim
This study utilized the Rasch Model to test the psychometric properties of the Preterm Infant Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale (PIOFRA) in neonates with critical conditions in neonate intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods
A total of 1419 infants were involved. Rasch Model (RM) was used to test the reliability and validity of the PIOFRA. The GPCMlasso Model was used to examine the differential item functioning (DIF).
Results
The involved samples responded to PIOFRA according to Rasch Model pattern. Disordered category function was found in PIOFRA. Besides, we identified one extra component in PIOFRA concerning the awake status. The DIF analysis revealed that gestational age and born weight only produced limit impact on neonates’ performance.
Conclusions
our result supports that FIOFRA is applicable for depicting the neurobehavior in high-risk infants with critical conditions in NICU. One drawback is found that the rating scale may jeopardize the measurement precision, further rating calibration is needed. Items in PIOFRA are displaying different DIF in corresponding subsamples (e.g. gestational age, born weight, oral feeding status). Future studies should focus on validating these findings in a more balanced sample which this study fails to achieve.
Can Climate Change Adaptation and Energy Efficiency Drive Economic Growth in Indonesia?
Authors: Sitepu Erica Ferry Sukma , Bina Maria Magdalena Lily , Soekarini Nyoman
Published: February 2025

Climate change and energy efficiency contribute to economic growth. This study aims to examine the impact of climate change and energy efficiency on economic growth across various regions in Indonesia, considering the influence of primary industrial sectors and green investment. The data used is panel data from 13 provinces during the 2014–2023 period. The method used is Mixed-Effect Maximum Likelihood Regression. The research results show that climate change has a significant negative impact on economic growth, especially in regions with a low primary industrial sector. Conversely, energy efficiency demonstrates a significant positive impact, particularly in regions characterized by substantial green investment and a dominant non-primary sector. However, energy efficiency does not exhibit a significant impact in regions with a highly developed primary industrial sector, highlighting the need for modernization within this sector. Meanwhile, inflation was found to have no significant impact on economic growth across all regional categories. Climate change mitigation strategies, including reducing carbon emissions, enhancing energy efficiency, and increasing investment in green infrastructure, are essential for fostering inclusive and sustainable economic growth.
Jell Classification: R11, P28, F43,C32
Enhancing English Proficiency Through an Intelligent Personal Assistant
Authors: Garg Meenakshi , Gadakh Anjali , Mudaliar Jayalaxmi , Sharma Anupama
Published: February 2025

This relative review investigates the coordination of artificial intelligence controlled advances in improving English language abilities, explicitly focusing on elocution and scholastic capability. It centers around the utilization of computer based intelligence driven devices like the Google Read So anyone might hear application, in mix with the Concentrated on Without holding back technique, to further develop jargon maintenance and elocution precision. The examination likewise explores the utilization of voice partners in refining scholastic English, featuring their true capacity for supporting language learning. The review exhibits the adequacy of Stowed away Markov Models (Gee) in man-made intelligence based discourse acknowledgment frameworks, which offer better outcomes in jargon maintenance thought about than conventional phonetic methodologies. This proposes that computer based intelligence driven advances have huge commitment for long haul language procurement. Besides, the use of Profound Brain Organizations (DNNs) is exhibited to upgrade both scholarly jargon and syntactic accuracy, helping students in conventional scholastic settings. Generally, the review highlights the worth of computer based intelligence in propelling elocution and scholastic language abilities, giving important experiences to language teachers and students the same.
Expression Profiling and Functional Characterization of LoNCED Gene in Pollen Abortion of Lilium spp.
Authors: Zhou Haiyan , Li Xiang , Ma Lan , Duan Qing , Du Wenwen , Cui Guangfen , Wu Xuewei , Jia Wenjie , Zhang Hao
Published: February 2025

Lilium spp. are widely cultivated for their ornamental value, but excessive pollen production poses commercial challenges. Male sterility, especially pollen-free cultivars, offers a promising breeding strategy to improve market appeal. ABA, a key hormone in regulating anther development, is influenced by the NCED gene. To investigate its role in male sterility, we isolated the LoNCED gene from both fertile and sterile lily progenies. After cloning and analyzing its tissue-specific expression, we explored its function through homologous transient overexpression and heterologous expression. Results showed that sterile progenies had significantly higher ABA levels, with LoNCED expression elevated in their anthers compared to fertile progenies. The LoNCED gene, with a 1812 bp open reading frame encoding 603 amino acids, encodes a hydrophilic protein (66.69 kDa) localized in chloroplasts and mitochondria. Sequence analysis revealed high similarity to NCED proteins from other species. Overexpression of LoNCED downregulated key anther development genes (DYT1, TDF1, CYP703A2, CALS5, DEX1) and caused tapetum degradation, abnormal microspore development, and pollen sterility. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing LoNCED exhibited incomplete anther development, premature tapetum degradation, and reduced pollen grain production. These findings highlight the critical role of LoNCED in regulating anther sterility in lilies.
Scenario-based Evaluation of Landfill Methane Emission and Energy Generation Considering Diverse Waste and Seasonal Dynamics
Authors: Mayilsankar Balakrishnan , Megha Balakrishnan , Ramesh Srikrishnaperumal Thangam
Published: February 2025

Methane is a major constituent of landfill gas, which is emitted due to the anaerobic decomposition of municipal solid waste, contributing to the climate change impressions and global warming effects. However, it also holds the potential for energy generation, providing an opportunity to utilize this gas as a valuable energy resource. The current study aims to determine the potential methane emissions from the Ariyamangalam dumpsite in Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu taking into account the fresh waste disposal started in 2019. Waste disposal data spanning from 2019 to 2023 were collected, and future disposal will be forecasted, projecting a closure year of 2038. Estimating methane emissions was conducted through LandGEM version 3.03, SWEET version 4.0.3, and Afvalzorg multiphase gas emission tool considering existing waste disposal conditions and various framed waste diversion scenarios. The outcomes for existing waste disposal conditions reveal a peak methane emission in 2039, with values of 3242.32 Mg/year, 3027.29 Mg/year, and 4488.22 Mg/year for SWEET, Afvalzorg multiphase gas emission tool, and LandGEM respectively. Furthermore, the study reveals that diverting organic fractions and implementing effective recycling activities can significantly reduce methane emissions from the dumpsite. seasonal variations were observed through LandGEM, with lower emissions throughout the winter season and higher emissions in the monsoon season. Additionally, the total energy generation potential over 30 years was assessed, showing 187.89 GWh, 187.48 GWh, and 294.66 GWh based on the methane emissions data from the SWEET, Afvalzorg multiphase gas emission tool, and LandGEM tool respectively.
Tindak Tutur Direktif Pada Surat An-Nisa dan An-Nur dalam Al-Qur’an Terhadap Perempuan: Kajian Pragmatik
Authors: Nazifah Mutia Naura , Lukman Fahmy , Nugraha Tubagus Chaeru
Published: February 2025

ملخص: يهدف المقال المعنون أفعال الكلام التوجيهي في سورتي النساء والنور في القرآن نحو النساء إلى تصنيف ووصف أنواع وأشكال الأفعال الكلامية الموجودة في سورتي النساء والنور في القرآن الكريم. -القرآن. يستخدم هذا البحث الأساليب التحليلية الوصفية ذات النهج النوعي، وطرق وتقنيات جمع البيانات في شكل أساليب الاستماع مع تقنيات تدوين الملاحظات، وطرق وتقنيات تحليل البيانات في شكل أساليب المطابقة مع تقنيات الفرز الواقعي، وكذلك الأساليب غير الرسمية و تقنيات عرض نتائج تحليل البيانات باستخدام الأوصاف. وأظهرت نتائج البحث أن هناك 16 نوعًا من أفعال الكلام الأمر، و6 أنواع من أفعال الكلام النهي، و7 أنواع من أفعال الكلام النصحية، ونوعين من أفعال الكلام الطلبية، ونوعين من أفعال الكلام التهديدية، ونوع واحد من أفعال الكلام الدعاءية. 31 شكلاً من أشكال أفعال الكلام التوجيهي المباشر و3 أشكال من أفعال الكلام غير المباشرة
الكلمات المفتاحية: القرآن؛ البراغماتية. أعمال الكلام التوجيهي؛ امرأة
 
Abstracts: The article entitled directive speech acts in suras An-Nisa and An-Nur in the Al-Qur'an towards women aims to classify and describe the types and forms of directive speech acts found in Surahs An-Nisa and An-Nur in the Al-Qur'an. an. This research uses descriptive analytical methods with a qualitative approach, data collection methods and techniques in the form of listening methods with note-taking techniques, data analysis methods and techniques in the form of matching methods with pragmatic sorting techniques, as well as informal methods and techniques for presenting the results of data analysis using descriptions. The research results showed that there were 16 types of commanding speech acts, 6 types of prohibiting speech acts, 7 types of advising speech acts, 2 types of requesting speech acts, 2 types of threatening speech acts, and 1 type of praying speech act. 31 forms of direct directive speech acts and 3 forms of indirect speech acts.
Keywords: Al-Qur'an; Pragmatics; Directive Speech Acts; Woman
 
Abstrak: Artikel yang berjudul tindak tutur direktif pada surat an-nisa dan an-nur dalam al-qur’an terhadap perempuan bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasi dan mendeskripsikan jenis dan bentuk tindak tutur direktif yang terdapat pada surah An-Nisa dan An-Nur dalam Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan kualitifatif, metode dan teknik pengumpulan data berupa metode simak dengan teknik catat, metode dan teknik analisis data berupa metode padan dengan teknik pilah pragmatis, serta metode dan teknik penyajian hasil analisis data berupa informal menggunakan deskripsi. Hasil penelitian terdapat 16 jenis tindak tutur memerintah, 6 jenis tindak tutur melarang, 7 jenis tindak tutur menasihati, 2 jenis tindak tutur meminta, 2 jenis tindak tutur mengancam, 1 jenis tindak tutur ber’doa. 31 bentuk tindak tutur direktif langsung dan 3 bentuk tindak tutur tidak langsung.
Kata Kunci: Al-Qur’an; Pragmatik; Tindak Tutur Direktif; Perempuan