bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinically relevant autistic traits predict greater reliance on detail for image recognition
Authors: Alink Arjen , Charest Ian
Published: August 2020

Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis are often described as having an eye for detail. But it remains to be shown that a detail-focused processing bias is a ubiquitous property of vision in individuals with ASD. To address this question, we investigated whether a greater number of autistic traits in neurotypical subjects is associated with an increased reliance on image details during a natural image recognition task. To this end, we use a novel reverse correlation-based method (feature diagnosticity mapping) for measuring the relative importance of low-level image features for object recognition. The main finding of this study is that image recognition in participants with an above-median number of autistic traits benefited more from the presence of high-spatial frequency image features. Furthermore, we found that this reliance-on-detail effect was best predicted by the presence of the most clinically relevant autistic traits. Therefore, our findings suggest that a greater number of autistic traits in neurotypical individuals is associated with a more detail-oriented visual information processing strategy and that this effect might generalize to a clinical ASD population.
An electrophysiological investigation on the emotion regulatory mechanisms of brief open monitoring meditation in novice non-meditators
Authors: Lin Yanli , Gloe Lilianne M. , Louis Courtney C. , Eckerle William D. , Fisher Megan E. , Moser Jason S.
Published: August 2020

Despite a growing literature supporting the salutary effects of mindfulness meditation on emotion regulation, the underlying mechanisms linking neural and subjective changes occurring during the actual practice of meditation with emotion regulatory effects observed after meditation remains virtually unexplored. The current study sought to address this gap in knowledge by testing the hypothesis that adoption of internally-directed focused attention, indexed by increased alpha and theta spectral power, during brief open monitoring (OM) mindfulness meditation predicts reduced emotional reactivity, as measured by the late positive potential (LPP). Results revealed that the OM meditation did not produce demonstrable differences in alpha and theta power but did increase self-reported sleepiness relative to controls. Follow-up analyses showed that sleepiness uniquely moderated the effect of meditation on the LPP, such that less sleepiness during meditation, but not the control audio, corresponded to smaller LPPs to negative images. Change in theta, but not alpha power, between meditation and rest was positively correlated with the LPP even after controlling for sleepiness. Although the primary hypothesis was unsupported, the findings demonstrate that phenomenological and neural changes occurring during OM meditation may modulate its subsequent “off-the-cushion” effects on emotional reactivity.
Comparison of 68Ga-DOTANOC with 18F-FDG using PET/MRI imaging in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Naftalin Claire M. , Leek Francesca , Hallinan James T. P. D. , Khor Lih Kin , Totman John J. , Wang Jing , Wang Yee Tang , Paton Nicholas I.
Published: August 2020

We compared the somatostatin analog radioligand, DOTANOC, with FDG, to determine whether there was increased detection of active or sub-clinical lesions in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with DOTANOC. Three groups were recruited: (1) active pulmonary TB; (2) IGRA-positive household TB contacts; (3) pneumonia (non-TB). DOTANOC PET/MRI followed by FDG PET/MRI was performed in active TB and pneumonia groups. TB contacts underwent FDG PET/MRI, then DOTANOC PET/MRI if abnormalities were detected. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed for total lung and individual lesions. Eight active TB participants, three TB contacts and three pneumonia patients had paired PET/MRI scans. In the active TB group, median SUVmax[FDG] for parenchymal lesions was 7.69 (range 3.00–15.88); median SUVmax[DOTANOC] was 2.59 (1.48–6.40). Regions of tracer uptake were fairly similar for both radioligands, albeit more diffusely distributed in the FDG scans. In TB contacts, two PET/MRIs had parenchymal lesions detected with FDG (SUVmax 5.50 and 1.82), with corresponding DOTANOC uptake < 1. FDG and DOTANOC uptake was similar in pneumonia patients (SUVmax[FDG] 4.17–6.18; SUVmax[DOTANOC] 2.92–4.78). DOTANOC can detect pulmonary TB lesions, but FDG is more sensitive for both active and sub-clinical lesions. FDG remains the preferred ligand for clinical studies, although DOTANOC may provide additional value for pathogenesis studies.
Species distribution models advance our knowledge of the Neanderthals’ paleoecology on the Iranian Plateau
Authors: Yousefi Masoud , Heydari-Guran Saman , Kafash Anooshe , Ghasidian Elham
Published: August 2020

Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) were distributed across a vast region from Europe to western and Central Asia. The Neanderthals’ paleoecology and distribution has been extensively studied in Europe where the species originated. However, very little is known about their paleoecology in south-western Asia. Here, we employed species distribution modelling and 45 Middle Palaeolithic (c. 200,000–40,000 years BCE) sites location associated with fossil and/or lithic artefacts made by the Neanderthals to examine the expansion of the Neanderthals on the Iranian Plateau in south-western Asia. We estimated the niche overlap between Neanderthals and wild goat, wild sheep and Persian gazelle by modelling their past distribution using 200, 143 and 110 occurrence records respectively. The results show that Neanderthals had highest niche overlap with wild goat in the study area. This analysis revealed that the most suitable Neanderthals’ habitats in south-western Asia were located in the Zagros Mountains stretches from north-western and western and some isolated patches in the central parts of the Iranian Plateau. The annual precipitation and maximum temperature of the warmest month were the most important predictor of the species’ distribution. This finding shows that the southern edge of the Neanderthals distribution was limited by warm summer. Our results provide important information for future field investigations and excavations in the area.
Predictive factors and early biomarkers of response in multiple sclerosis patients treated with natalizumab
Authors: Dominguez-Mozo Maria Inmaculada , Perez-Perez Silvia , Villar Luisa María , Oliver-Martos Begoña , Villarrubia Noelia , Matesanz Fuencisla , Costa-Frossard Lucienne , Pinto-Medel María Jesús , García-Sánchez María Isabel , Ortega-Madueño Isabel , Lopez-Lozano Lorena , Garcia-Martinez Angel , Izquierdo Guillermo , Fernández Óscar , Álvarez-Cermeño Jose Carlos , Arroyo Rafael , Alvarez-Lafuente Roberto
Published: August 2020

There are an increasing number of treatments available for multiple sclerosis (MS). The early identification of optimal responders to individual treatments is important to achieve individualized therapy. With this aim, we performed a multicenter retrospective longitudinal study including 186 MS patients treated with natalizumab who were followed for 2 years. We analyzed the following variables at recruitment: sex, current age, age at disease onset, disease duration, EDSS, number of T2 and Gd + lesions, IgG and IgM oligoclonal bands, HLA class II (DR, DRB, DQA, DQB, and DRB1*15:01), IgG and IgM antibody titers against human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and the antibody response to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) through the measurement of the anti-EBNA-1 and anti-VCA IgG titers, in relation to clinical response (no relapses or disability progression), and to NEDA-3 (no evidence of disease activity in terms of clinical response and no changes in MRI scans either) after 2-years follow-up. Baseline EDSS score, baseline EBNA-1 IgG titers and percentage change of HHV6 IgG titers between baseline and 6 month visits were significantly different in clinical responders and in NEDA-3 status (all of them remained significant in the multivariate analysis). We identified three variables for the early identification of natalizumab optimal responders in a rapid and cost-effective approach.
Aluminum electrolytes for Al dual-ion batteries
Authors: Kravchyk Kostiantyn V. , Kovalenko Maksym V.
Published: August 2020

In the search for sustainable energy storage systems, aluminum dual-ion batteries have recently attracted considerable attention due to their low cost, safety, high energy density (up to 70 kWh kg−1), energy efficiency (80–90%) and long cycling life (thousands of cycles and potentially more), which are needed attributes for grid-level stationary energy storage. Overall, such batteries are composed of aluminum foil as the anode and various types of carbonaceous and organic substances as the cathode, which are immersed in an aluminum electrolyte that supports efficient and dendrite-free aluminum electroplating/stripping upon cycling. Here, we review current research pursuits and present the limitations of aluminum electrolytes for aluminum dual-ion batteries. Particular emphasis is given to the aluminum plating/stripping mechanism in aluminum electrolytes, and its contribution to the total charge storage electrolyte capacity. To this end, we survey the prospects of these stationary storage systems, emphasizing the practical hurdles of aluminum electrolytes that remain to be addressed.
Highly scalable multicycle THz production with a homemade periodically poled macrocrystal
Authors: Lemery François , Vinatier Thomas , Mayet Frank , Aßmann Ralph , Baynard Elsa , Demailly Julien , Dorda Ulrich , Lucas Bruno , Pandey Alok-Kumar , Pittman Moana
Published: August 2020

The THz regime is widely appealing across many disciplines including solid-state physics, life sciences, and increasingly in particle acceleration. Multicycle THz pulses are typically formed via optical rectification in periodically poled crystals. However the manufacturing procedures of these crystals limit their apertures to below  ~1 cm, which from damage limitations of the crystal, limits the total pump power which can be employed, and ultimately, the total THz power which can be produced. Here we report on the simple in-house fabrication of a periodically poled crystal using  ~300 μm thick wafers. Each wafer is consecutively rotated by 180∘ to support quasi-phase matching. We validate the concept with a Joule-class laser system operating at 10 Hz and measure up to 1.3 mJ of energy at 160 GHz, corresponding to an average peak power of approximately 35 MW and a conversion efficiency of 0.14%. In addition, a redshifting of the pump spectrum of  ~50 nm is measured. Our results indicate that high-power THz radiation can be produced with existing and future high-power lasers in a scalable way, setting a course toward multi-gigawatt multicycle THz pulses.
One-step liquid molding based modular microfluidic circuits
Authors: Li Chunyu , Wang Xixian , Xu Jian , Ma Bo
Published: August 2020

We present an easy-to-follow modular method that combines liquid molding with standard SU-8 lithography to create customized integrated microfluidic devices for the changing needs of users.
QuEChERS: a simple extraction for monitoring quaternary ammonium biocide pollution in soils and antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Godfrey A. Ruth , Townsend Rachel , Desbrow Claire , Felion Celeste
Published: August 2020

QuEChERS: a rapid, robust ‘off-the-shelf’ preparation for extracting quaternary ammonium biocides from soil with low matrix interference.
Engineering a methyllysine reader with photoactive amino acid in mammalian cells
Authors: Arora Simran , Sappa Sushma , Hinkelman Kathryn , Islam Kabirul
Published: August 2020

A methyllysine reader is engineered to carry photoactivatable amino acid in mammalian cells to profile interacting partners.
Metal phosphonates incorporating metalloligands: assembly, structures and properties
Authors: Bao Song-Song , Qin Ming-Feng , Zheng Li-Min
Published: August 2020

This feature article summarizes the current status of metal–metalloligand phosphonates including the synthetic strategies, crystal structures and properties. Future challenges in this field are discussed.
Spin reorientation transition and spin dynamics study of perovskite orthoferrite TmFeO3 detected by electron paramagnetic resonance
Authors: Sharma Poorva , Fan Jiyu , Kumar Ashwini , Yogi Arvind , Chai Yisheng , Ren Wei , Cao Shixun , Wang Caixia , Ma Chunlan , Tong Wei , Perov Nikolai , Yang Hao
Published: August 2020

(Right) EPR spectrum of TmFeO3 from 20–300 K. (Left) (a) Asymmetry behavior w.r.t. temperature (K), (b) ΔHppvs. T, (c) Plot as ln(ΔHpp × T) vs. 1000/T, (d) DIN (inset represents χdcvs. T at different temperatures).
Multiresolution continuous wavelet transform for studying coupled solute–solvent vibrations via ab initio molecular dynamics
Authors: Donati Greta , Petrone Alessio , Rega Nadia
Published: August 2020

Solute–solvent coupled vibrations are unveiled using multiresolution wavelet transform of generalized cluster normal modes from ab initio molecular dynamics.
Functionalized Fe/Ni@g-C3N4 nanostructures for enhanced trichloroethylene dechlorination and successive oxygen reduction reaction activity
Authors: Sahu Rama Shanker , Doong Ruey-an
Published: August 2020

Mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with open channels and high electron transport properties is in the limelight to serve as a catalyst support for environmental and energy applications.
Metabolomics profiling reveals the mechanism of caffeic acid in extending lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Li Jia-qi , Fang Jian-song , Qin Xue-mei , Gao Li
Published: August 2020

Caffeic acid extends lifespan in D. melanogaster through regulation of metabolic abnormality and improvement of mitochondrial function.
Visible light promoted cross-dehydrogenative coupling: a decade update
Authors: Bagdi Avik Kumar , Rahman Matiur , Bhattacherjee Dhananjay , Zyryanov Grigory V. , Ghosh Sumit , Chupakhin Oleg N. , Hajra Alakananda
Published: August 2020

In this review, all the visible light promoted cross-dehydrogenative coupling methodologies that have been developed over the last decade are disclosed.
Applicability of heuristic rules defining structure–ecotoxicity relationships of ionic liquids: an integrative assessment using species sensitivity distributions (SSD)
Authors: Mano Beatriz , Jesus Fátima , Gonçalves Fernando J. M. , Ventura Sónia P. M. , Pereira Joana Luísa
Published: August 2020

Integrative toxicological approaches are crucial to understand the “whole picture” regarding the environmental hazardous potential of the solvents to license.
Nanofeatures affect the thermal transitions of polymer thin films: a microcantilever-based investigation
Authors: Lopes-Rodrigues Maximilien , Martí-Balleste Didac , Michaux Catherine , Perpète Eric A. , Puiggalí Jordi , Pérez-Madrigal Maria M. , Alemán Carlos
Published: August 2020

Microcantilever-based technology has been used to study the influence of nanofeatures (i.e. nanopores, nanoperforations and segregated drug nanodomains) on the glass transition temperature and the cold crystallization temperature of PLA thin films.
A benzoxazole derivative as an inhibitor of anaerobic choline metabolism by human gut microbiota
Authors: Gabr Moustafa T. , Machalz David , Pach Szymon , Wolber Gerhard
Published: August 2020

Metabolic pathways mediated by human gut bacteria have emerged as potential therapeutic targets because of their association with the pathophysiology of various human diseases.
Nonlinear optical performances of graphene oxide ternary nanohybrids functionalized by axially coordinated gallium porphyrins
Authors: Wang Aijian , Shen Xiaoliang , Chen Xiaodong , Ren Jinshen , Zhu Weihua , Shang Danhong , Yu Qinran
Published: August 2020

A GaTPP-GO-GaTTP ternary nanohybrid possesses enhanced optical nonlinearities compared to other samples due to the efficient charge transfer effect.
CoMo-bimetallic N-doped porous carbon materials embedded with highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles as pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalysts
Authors: Huang Wen-Huan , Li Xi-Ming , Yu Dan-Yang , Yang Xiu-Fang , Wang Li-Feng , Liu Pan-Bo , Zhang Jian
Published: August 2020

A novel CoMo bimetallic N-doped carbon material embedded with highly dispersed 4.7% Pt nanoparticles as a pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst with excellent durability.
Stimuli-responsive luminescent supramolecular polymers based on hydrogen bonding: molecular fabrication, phase structure, and controllable-rewritable behavior
Authors: Tao Lei , Luo Zhi-Wang , Lan Kai , Wang Ping , Guan Yan , Shen Zhihao , Xie He-Lou
Published: August 2020

Stimuli-responsive luminescent supramolecular polymers were synthesized via hydrogen bonding, which could be further used to build controllable, rewritable paper.
A strategy for massively suppressing the shuttle effect in rechargeable Al–Te batteries
Authors: Zhang Xuefeng , Tu Jiguo , Wang Mingyong , Jiao Shuqiang
Published: August 2020

Due to the chemical and electrochemical dissolution of active materials in Lewis acid electrolytes, an AB–PVDF-MS has been constructed to promote the utilization of active materials and rechargeability at both positive and negative electrodes.
Mapping the resources and approaches facilitating computer-aided synthesis planning
Authors: Wang Zheng , Zhao Wei , Hao Gefei , Song Baoan
Published: August 2020

Computer-aided synthesis planning could facilitate organic synthesis study and relieve chemists of manual tasks. Artificial intelligence and deep learning would be useful for the development of computer-aided synthesis planning.
Assessment of a developed HPLC-MS/MS approach for determining plasma eupatorin in rats and its application in pharmacokinetics analysis
Authors: Feng Rui , Li Luya , Zhang Xiaowei , Zhang Yuqian , Chen Yuting , Feng Xue , Zhang Lantong , Zhang Guohua
Published: August 2020

Eupatorin, a bioactive compound extracted from Java tea (Orthosiphon stamineus), possesses potent anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and vasodilation activities.
First-principles study of the adsorption behaviors of Li atoms and LiF on the CFx (x = 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.5, ∼0.0) surface
Authors: Fan Rujing , Yang Biao , Li Zhiwei , Ma Dandan , Yuan Wendong , Ma Jianyi , Ren Haisheng
Published: August 2020

Based on first principles calculation, the adsorption properties of Li atoms and LiF molecules on the fluorographene (CFx) surface with different F/C ratio (x = 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.5 and ∼0.0) have been studied in the present work.
Multifunctional biphenyl derivatives as photosensitisers in various types of photopolymerization processes, including IPN formation, 3D printing of photocurable multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) fluorescent composites
Authors: Tomal Wiktoria , Chachaj-Brekiesz Anna , Popielarz Roman , Ortyl Joanna
Published: August 2020

Summary of properties and applications of multifunctional of biphenyl derivatives as photosensitisers in various types of photopolymerization processes, including IPN formation, 3D printing of photocurable multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) fluorescent composites.
Heterodinuclear nickel(ii)–iron(ii) azadithiolates as structural and functional models for the active site of [NiFe]-hydrogenases
Authors: Song Li-Cheng , Liu Bei-Bei , Liu Wen-Bo , Tan Zheng-Lei
Published: August 2020

The first azadithiolato-bridged NiFe model complexes with a general formula [CpNi{(μ-SCH2)2NR}Fe(CO)(diphos)]BF4have been synthesized, characterized, and for some of them found to be catalysts for proton reduction to H2under CV conditions.
Neuroprotective constituents from the aerial parts of Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa
Authors: Li Jia , Wang Guan , Qin Yu , Zhang Xue , Wang Hai-Feng , Liu Hong-Wei , Zhu Ling-Juan , Yao Xin-Sheng
Published: August 2020

5 new compounds including 3 new cannabinoids, cannabisativas A–C, 2 new phenolic acids, (7Z,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid A and (8S,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid B, together with 12 known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa.
Influence of Al2O3nanoparticle doping on depolarization temperature, and electrical and energy harvesting properties of lead-free 0.94(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–0.06BaTiO3ceramics
Authors: Jaita Pharatree , Manotham Supalak , Rujijanagul Gobwute
Published: August 2020

In this research article, the effects of Al2O3nanoparticles (0–1.0 mol%) on the phase, microstructure, dielectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, electric field-induced strain and energy harvesting of the BNT–6BT ceramic were investigated.
Preparation of Ti, Ti/TiC or Ti/TiN based hollow fibres with extremely low electrical resistivity
Authors: Jong Ronald P. H. , Krzywda Piotr M. , Benes Nieck E. , Mul Guido
Published: August 2020

Preparative conditions are provided to obtain hollow fibers composed of Ti, Ti/TiC or Ti/TiN with extremely low electrical resistivity.
In vitro anticancer activity of parent and nano-encapsulated samarium(iii) complex towards antimicrobial activity studies and FS-DNA/BSA binding affinity
Authors: Asadpour Saeid , Aramesh-Boroujeni Zahra , Jahani Shohreh
Published: August 2020

The biological properties of the Sm-complex, such as its interaction with FS-DNA and BSA, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities were studied.
Enhanced light emission of quantum dot films by scattering of poly(zinc methacrylate) coating CdZnSeS/ZnS quantum dots and high refractive index BaTiO3 nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Hongcheng , Zhou Miao , Tang Haodong , Sun Mingyu , Liu Pai , Liu Yizun , Chen Lixuan , Li Dongze , Wu Dan , Hao Junjie , Xu Bing , Zhao Zhili , Ren Zhenwei , Jia Siqi , Wang Kai , Sun Xiao Wei
Published: August 2020

We report QD films based on a poly(zinc methacrylate) coating with alloyed green-emitting CdZnSeS/ZnS quantum dots (QDs@PZnMA) together with high refractive-index BaTiO3 nanoparticles to enhance the scattering coefficient of the QD films.
Electronic and photocatalytic properties of two-dimensional boron phosphide/SiC van der Waals heterostructure with direct type-II band alignment: a first principles study
Authors: Do Thi-Nga , Idrees M. , Amin Bin , Hieu Nguyen N. , Phuc Huynh V. , Hieu Nguyen V. , Hoa Le T. , Nguyen Chuong V.
Published: August 2020

We investigate the structural, electronic, optical and photocatalytic properties of boron phosphide and SiC monolayers and their corresponding van der Waals heterostructure by density functional theory.
Recovery of scandium and neodymium from blast furnace slag using acid baking–water leaching
Authors: Kim Jihye , Azimi Gisele
Published: August 2020

An environmentally sustainable pyro-hydrometallurgical process, called acid baking–water leaching, helps enable the extraction of scandium and neodymium from ironmaking slag to establish the circular economy.
In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and inflammation response of methacrylated and maleated hyaluronic acid for wound healing
Authors: Zhang Lijun , D'Amora Ugo , Ronca Alfredo , Li Yuanyuan , Mo Xiaoying , Zhou Fei , Yuan Mingzhou , Ambrosio Luigi , Wu Jun , Raucci Maria Grazia
Published: August 2020

From synthesis to the in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation of two types of hyaluronan derivatives.
Rapid prediction of possible inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 main protease using docking and FPL simulations
Authors: Pham Minh Quan , Vu Khanh B. , Han Pham T. Ngoc , Thuy Huong Le Thi , Tran Linh Hoang , Tung Nguyen Thanh , Vu Van V. , Nguyen Trung Hai , Ngo Son Tung
Published: August 2020

A combination of Autodock Vina and FPL calculations suggested thatperiandrin V,penimocycline,cis-p-Coumaroylcorosolic acid,glycyrrhizin, anduralsaponin Bare able to bind well to SARS-CoV-2 Mpro.
A novel viewpoint of an imidazole derivative ionic liquid as an additive for cobalt and nickel electrodeposition
Authors: Omar Inam M. A. , Emran Khadijah M. , Aziz Madzlan , Al-Fakih Abdo M.
Published: August 2020

Thin films of Co and Ni electroplated onto a copper electrode from acidic sulfate and Watts baths, respectively, were investigated.
Heparin reversal by an oligoethylene glycol functionalized guanidinocalixarene
Authors: Huang Qiaoxian , Zhao Hong , Shui Mingju , Guo Dong-Sheng , Wang Ruibing
Published: August 2020

An oligoethylene glycol functionalized guanidinocalix[4]arene was developed as a safe antidote against heparin, via specific recognition and neutralization of heparin in vitro and in vivo.
Parameter extraction of solar photovoltaic modelsviaquadratic interpolation learning differential evolution
Authors: Xiong Guojiang , Zhang Jing , Shi Dongyuan , Zhu Lin , Yuan Xufeng
Published: August 2020

The parameter extraction problem of solar photovoltaic (PV) models is a highly nonlinear multimodal optimization problem. In this paper, quadratic interpolation learning differential evolution (QILDE) is proposed to solve it.
Ultra-thin lead oxide piezoelectric layers for reduced environmental contamination using a liquid metal-based process
Authors: Ghasemian Mohammad B. , Zavabeti Ali , Abbasi Roozbeh , Kumar Priyank V. , Syed Nitu , Yao Yin , Tang Jianbo , Wang Yifang , Elbourne Aaron , Han Jialuo , Mousavi Maedehsadat , Daeneke Torben , Kalantar-Zadeh Kourosh
Published: August 2020

Mitigation of the health hazards caused by Pb is necessary. A liquid metal-based synthesis method delivers unit-cell-thick layers of PbO with comparable piezoelectric response and band gap to PZT thick films while posing reduced toxicity.
Comparing and Predicting Public Attitudes Toward Stuttering, Obesity, and Mental Illness
Authors: St. Louis Kenneth O.
Published: August 2020

Purpose

Extensive research on public attitudes has documented stigma toward stuttering, obesity, and mental illness; however, most studies have focused on only one of these conditions. This study sought to compare public attitudes toward stuttering, obesity, and mental illness as well as to identify the predictive potential of four ratings relating to these and other neutral or desirable conditions.

Method

Five hundred respondents who were selected from each of three international databases filled out the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes (POSHA) for stuttering, obesity, or mental illness. The POSHA surveys were as similar as possible, and all contained four general items asking respondents' “impression” of the attribute, extent to which he or she “wants to be/have” that attribute, “amount known” about the attribute, and “persons known” who manifest the attribute, for stuttering, obesity, and mental illness plus two others, namely, left-handedness and intelligence. The POSHA surveys also had the same summary scores, Beliefs, Self-Reactions, and an Overall Score.

Results

Summary scores for the three POSHA surveys in the 500-respondent samples revealed negative attitudes toward all three conditions, the most positive being toward obesity, followed by stuttering and then by mental illness. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that various general items had significant prediction potential not only of attitudes for the same condition but also of attitudes for other conditions. The greatest other condition predictions were between stuttering and mental illness.

Conclusions

Stuttering is regarded as less stigmatizing than mental illness but more stigmatizing than obesity. Additionally, positivity toward one condition results in limited positivity toward the others. Impressions and knowledge of—as well as experience with—stigmatized conditions can inform public awareness campaigns and individual clinical programs dealing with stigma.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12860939
Secondary Analysis of Reading-Based Activities Utilizing a Scripted Language Approach: Evaluating Interactions Between Students With Autism and Their Interventionists
Authors: Sparapani Nicole , Solari Emily , Towers Laurel , McIntyre Nancy , Henry Alyssa , Zajic Matthew
Published: August 2020

Students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit challenges with reading development. Evidence-based interventions and specialized approaches to reading instruction are currently being implemented across educational contexts for learners with ASD (
Machalicek et al., 2008
), yet there is limited understanding of how core ASD features may impact effective delivery of instruction and student participation. We begin to address this need by evaluating the reciprocity between instructional talk and student participation within a reading intervention utilizing a scripted language approach that was being piloted on students with ASD.

Method

This study used archival video-recorded observations from the beginning of a reading intervention to examine the interactions between 20 students (18 boys, two girls) with ASD (7–11 years old,
M
= 9.10,
SD
= 1.74) and their interventionists (
n
= 7). Lag sequential analysis was used to examine the frequency of student initiations and responses following the interventionists' use of responsive, open-ended, closed-ended, and directive language.

Results

Findings describe the types of and illustrate the variability in interactions between students and their interventionists, as well as highlight language categories that are linked to student participation.

Conclusions

These data provide a snapshot of the nature and quality of interactions between students with ASD and their interventionists. Findings suggest that delivery of instruction, including the language that interventionists use, may be an important area of focus when evaluating the effectiveness of reading-based practices across educational settings for learners with ASD, even within the confines of highly structured interventions.
Bilateral subtrochanteric insufficiency fracture following mini-gastric bypass. A case report
Authors: Mansour Jad , Yammine Kaissar , El Alam Anthony , Al-Hajj George , Assi Chahine
Published: August 2020

Insufficiency fractures are a common complication of bisphosphonate use and have recently been reported in association with Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery (RYGB). This study reports a case of a 62-year-old female, 6 years status post Mini Gastric Bypass – One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (MGB-OAGB), presenting to our institution with bilateral groin pain of 8 months duration unresponsive to conservative management. Diagnostic workup revealed bilateral medial sub-trochanteric insufficiency fractures. She underwent bilateral intramedullary fixation with satisfactory results. This case might suggest a particular fracture pattern in patients undergoing MGB-OAGB, and raises awareness to screen patients with such presentation to rule out a fracture or to prevent the extension of an existing one.
Labordiagnostik bei arterieller Hypertonie
Authors: Pilz Stefan , März Winfried
Published: August 2020

Die arterielle Hypertonie ist einer der wichtigsten Risikofaktoren für verlorene Lebensjahre und vorzeitige Todesfälle. Die Labordiagnostik ist ein zentraler Bestandteil der Abklärung und Therapiesteuerung bei Patienten mit arterieller Hypertonie. Sie ist erforderlich zur Charakterisierung des kardiovaskulären Risikos und hypertoniebedingter Endorganschäden, bei der Indikationsstellung sowie dem Therapiemonitoring der antihypertensiven Medikamente und zur Detektion sekundär endokriner Hypertonieformen. Internationale Richtlinien empfehlen einerseits ein Basislabor, welches bei allen Patienten mit arterieller Hypertonie bestimmt werden sollte, sowie eine gezielte Labordiagnostik auf sekundär endokrine Hypertonie bei Patienten mit entsprechenden Risikofaktoren. Der primäre Hyperaldosteronismus (PHA) ist die häufigste sekundär endokrine Hypertonieform und ist im Vergleich zu primärer arterieller Hypertonie, selbst bei gleichen Blutdruckwerten, mit einem deutlich erhöhten kardiovaskulären Risiko verbunden. Es wird daher bei vielen Patienten mit arterieller Hypertonie, besonders bei resistentem arteriellen Hypertonus, eine Abklärung auf einen PHA empfohlen. Der Screeningtest für den PHA ist die Bestimmung der Aldosteron-zu-Renin-Ratio bei laufender antihypertensiver Medikation. Auch an andere sekundär endokrine Hypertonieformen, wie z. B. das Phäochromozytom, sollte der Kliniker denken und sie bei klinischem Verdacht abklären, da man dadurch die Prognose der Patienten verbessern kann. In diesem Artikel geben wir einen kurzen Überblick darüber, wie Labordiagnostik bei Patienten mit arterieller Hypertonie sinnvoll einzusetzen ist.
Spontaneously self-assembled fluidic bilayer of cholesteryl nonanoate at interfaces: Thermal stability and post collapse scenario
Authors: Xavier Pinchu , Watwani Jigyasa , Viswanath Padmanabhan
Published: August 2020

We report our investigations on the thermal stability of the intermediate homologue of cholesteryl ester, cholesteryl nonanoate (ChN) at the air–water (A–W) and air–solid (A–S) interfaces. Surface manometry studies on ChN at the A–W interface reveal that the limiting area and the collapse pressure of the film decrease with an increase in the temperature. Brewster angle microscopy studies show the co-existing gas (G) and the homogeneous phase (bilayer) that, with compression, transforms to a bilayer phase followed by a collapse to circular domains. These collapsed circular domains (CCDs) coarsen and nucleate to form 3D structures, and their evolution and growth are further tracked at different temperatures using the reflection mode of the microscope. For temperatures between 288 K and 293 K, we find that the dendritic growth is favored. From 298 K to 303 K, the CCD transforms to a fractal domain with its branches changed from the left-handed to right-handed sense via an intermediate state. Based on these observations, a morphological phase diagram ChN in the collapsed state with different temperatures is constructed. Topography images of the ChN film using an atomic force microscope yield a thickness of about 3.5 nm, which is larger than its molecular length (2.7 nm). We attribute this to the partial vertical segregation of ChN molecules at the interfaces, which is consistent with the m-ii packing model proposed by Guerina and Craven (J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1979, 1414). We have also investigated the thermal stability of the bilayer at the A–S interface through imaging ellipsometry. It highlights that the thermal dewetting of the confined bilayer proceeds via the random nucleation and growth of voids and the transition temperature is estimated to be 396.3 ± 1.2 K with a width of 7.6 ± 0.8 K.
Should Australian states and territories have designated COVID hospitals in low community transmission? Case study for Western Australia
Authors: Ferguson Chantal , Fletcher Robert , Ho Portia , MacLeod Elizabeth
Published: August 2020

This case study describes the process of selecting the most appropriate state-wide hospital system to manage COVID-19 cases in a setting of low community transmission of COVID-19 infection. A rapid review of the literature was conducted of the advantages and disadvantages of having designated COVID hospitals. This led to three different options being presented for discussion. Following consultation, the option chosen was for all hospital facilities to remain prepared to care for COVID-19 patients where they present rather than having specified designated hospitals because this was considered the most practical option currently.
High rates of therapeutic changes in patients with psoriatic arthritis receiving treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Behrens Frank , Rech Jürgen , Thaçi Diamant , Zinke Silke , Rothnie Kieran J , (Oefner) Daamen Carolin , Leipe Jan
Published: August 2020

Objectives

To characterize treatment patterns for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) currently receiving any disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD).

Methods

The Strategy for Psoriatic Arthritis In Germany (SPAIG) study was a retrospective observational study conducted from May to November 2017 at 46 rheumatology centers. Current and previous treatment data were collected at a single visit from adult patients with PsA and psoriasis who received DMARD treatment for ≥6 of the previous 12 months. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients receiving a biologic DMARD (bDMARD). Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between current characteristics and initial choice of therapy.

Results

Mean age of the 316 patients was 55.1 years and mean PsA disease duration was 9.9 years. PsA activity was generally comparable across treatment groups. In this cohort, 57.3% of patients were currently treated with bDMARDs, 37.7% with conventional synthetic DMARDs, and 4.4% with targeted synthetic DMARDs. Almost half (48.4%) of patients reported DMARD modifications in the previous 12 months. Specific comorbidities and patient/disease characteristics were associated with initial therapy.

Conclusion

DMARD treatment of PsA is frequently modified, suggesting the need for more effective therapies and assessment tools.
Strain modulated carrier mobility and optical properties of graphene nanowiggles
Authors: Thakur Rajesh , Ahluwalia P K , Kumar Ashok , Sharma Raman
Published: August 2020

Recently, synthesized Chevron graphene nanoribbons (CGNRs) and its laterally extended counterpart known as extended CGNRs (ECGNR) are constructed by making alternated regular cuts in pristine graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). First-principles calculations demonstrate that these GNRs are super-ductile and possess width-dependent mechanical properties. The Young’s modulus is calculated to be 389.4 GPa and 414.6 GPa for CGNR and ECGNR, respectively. The bandgap of these nanoribbons decreases on the application of tensile strain. The carrier effective masses are found to be highly sensitive towards mechanical strains. The holes (electrons) mobility of ECGNR is calculated to be 7.68 × 104 cm2 V−1 s−1 (1.69 × 104 cm2 V−1 s−1), which is higher than that of CGNR can be further enhanced by elongation. The prominent peaks of the imaginary part of dielectric function and electron energy loss spectra show redshift on increasing the tensile strain. The electron energy loss spectra show intense plasmonic structure in low energy spectrum indicating GNRs to be more sensitive to the visible region than ultra violet spectrum. Our results provide insight about the possible applications of GNRs in the fields of high-speed transistors, sensors, photonics, and optoelectronics.
Study on the possible molecular state composed of

within the Bethe-Salpeter framework *
Authors: Ke Hong-Wei , Liu Xiao-Hai , Li Xue-Qian
Published: August 2020

Recently, a vector charmonium-like state

was observed in the portal of

. This intrigues an active discussion on the structure of the resonance because it has obvious significance for gaining a better understanding on its hadronic structure that contains suitable inner constituents. Therefore, this observation concerns the general theoretical framework about possible structures of exotic states. Since the mass of

is slightly above the production threshold of

whereas it is below that of

with the same quark contents as that of

, it is natural to conjecture that

is a molecular state of

, as suggested in the literature. Confirming or negating this allegation would shed light on the goal we are concerned with. We calculate the mass spectrum of a system composed of a vector meson and an axial vector i.e.,

within the framework of the Bethe-Salpeter equations. Our numerical results show that the dimensionless parameter

in the form factor, which is phenomenologically introduced to every vertex, is far beyond the reasonable range for inducing even a very small binding energy

. It implies that the

system cannot exist in the nature as a hadronic molecule in this model. Therefore, we may not be able to assume the resonance

to be a bound state of

and instead, it could be attributed to something else, such as a tetraquark.
Complete reduction of integrals in two-loop five-light-parton scattering amplitudes *
Authors: Guan Xin , Liu Xiao , Ma Yan-Qing
Published: August 2020

We reduce all the most complicated Feynman integrals in two-loop five-light-parton scattering amplitudes to basic master integrals, while other integrals can be reduced even easier. Our results are expressed as systems of linear relations in the block-triangular form, very efficient for numerical calculations. Our results are crucial for complete next-to-next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics calculations for three-jet, photon, and/or hadron production at hadron colliders. To determine the block-triangular relations, we develop an efficient and general method, which may provide a practical solution to the bottleneck problem of reducing multiloop multiscale integrals.
Lifetime measurement for the 21
+ state in 106Cd *
Authors: Zhong Jian , Ma Ying-Jun , Wu Xiao-Guang , Zhu Bao-Ji , Li Cong-Bo , Li Guang-Sheng , Zheng Yun , Chen Qi-Ming , He Chuang-Ye , Deng Li-Tao , Zhou Wen-Kui , Ma Ke-Yan , Yang Dong , Guo Hao , Wang Jia-Qi , Guang Xian , Sun Ji , Sun Hui-Bin , Hu Shi-Peng , Gan Lin , Zhao Hai-Ge , Luo Qi , Wu Zheng-Xin
Published: August 2020

The lifetime of the

state in

Cd populated via the

Zr (

O, 4n)

Cd reaction has been measured with the Recoil Distance Doppler Shift technique in combination with the Differential Decay Curve Method. By subtracting the contamination in the data, the mean lifetime of the

=2

633 keV state was determined as 9.9 (12) ps. The

value calculated in this study is in good agreement with the experimental systematics and was compared to the shell model calculations.
Covariant spin kinetic theory I: collisionless limit *
Authors: Liu Yu-Chen , Mameda Kazuya , Huang Xu-Guang
Published: August 2020

We develop a covariant kinetic theory for massive fermions in a curved spacetime and an external electromagnetic field based on quantum field theory. We derive four coupled semi-classical kinetic equations accurate to

, which describe the transports of particle number and spin degrees of freedom. The relationship with chiral kinetic theory is discussed. As an application, we study spin polarization in the presence of finite Riemann curvature and an electromagnetic field in both local and global equilibrium states.
Large Stokes-shift bioorthogonal probes for STED, 2P-STED and multi-color STED nanoscopy
Authors: Török György , Cserép Gergely B , Telek András , Arany Dóra , Váradi Melinda , Homolya László , Kellermayer Miklós , Kele Péter , Németh Krisztina
Published: August 2020

Synthesis and multiple STED imaging applications of four, red-emitting (610–670 nm), tetrazine-functionalized fluorescent probes (CBRD = Chemical Biology Research group Dye 1–4) with large Stokes-shift is presented. Present studies revealed the super-resolution microscopy applicability of the probes as demonstrated through bioorthogonal labeling scheme of cytoskeletal proteins actin and keratin-19, and mitochondrial protein TOMM20. Furthermore, super-resolved images of insulin receptors in live-cell bioorthogonal labeling schemes through a genetically encoded cyclooctynylated non-canonical amino acid are also presented. The large Stokes-shifts and the wide spectral bands of the probes enabled the use of two common depletion lasers (660 nm and 775 nm). The probes were also found suitable for super-resolution microscopy in combination with two-photon excitation (2P-STED) resulting in improved spatial resolution. One of the dyes was also used together with two commercial dyes in the three-color STED imaging of intracellular structures.
Simulating integrated photonic gates using FDTD
Authors: Dragomir Andrei-Emanuel , Ivan Cristian George , Ionicioiu Radu
Published: August 2020

Quantum technologies, such as quantum communication, quantum sensing, quantum imaging and quantum computation, need a platform which is flexible, miniaturisable and works at room temperature. Integrated photonics is a promising and fast-developing platform. This requires to develop the right tools to design and fabricate arbitrary photonic quantum devices. Here we present an algorithm which, starting from a n-mode transformation U, designs a photonic device that approximates U. Using this method we design integrated photonic devices which implement quantum gates with high fidelity. Apart from quantum computation, future applications include the design of photonic subroutines and embedded quantum devices. These custom-designed photonic chips will be able to implement a given algorithm as a single-block circuit and will be small, robust and fast compared to a fully-programmable processor.
SMI-BLAST: a novel supervised search framework based on PSI-BLAST for protein remote homology detection
Authors: Jin Xiaopeng , Liao Qing , Wei Hang , Zhang Jun , Liu Bin
Published: August 2020

Motivation

As one of the most important and widely used mainstream iterative search tool for protein sequence search, an accurate Position-Specific Scoring Matrix (PSSM) is the key of PSI-BLAST. However, PSSMs containing non-homologous information obviously reduce the performance of PSI-BLAST for protein remote homology.

Results

To further study this problem, we summarize three types of Incorrectly Selected Homology (ISH) errors in PSSMs. A new search tool Supervised-Manner-based Iterative BLAST (SMI-BLAST) is proposed based on PSI-BLAST for solving these errors. SMI-BLAST obviously outperforms PSI-BLAST on the Structural Classification of Proteins-extended (SCOPe) dataset. Compared with PSI-BLAST on the ISH error subsets of SCOPe dataset, SMI-BLAST detects 1.6–2.87 folds more remote homologous sequences, and outperforms PSI-BLAST by 35.66% in terms of ROC1 scores. Furthermore, this framework is applied to JackHMMER, DELTA-BLAST and PSI-BLASTexB, and their performance is further improved.

Availability and implementation

User-friendly webservers for SMI-BLAST, JackHMMER, DELTA-BLAST and PSI-BLASTexB are established at http://bliulab.net/SMI-BLAST/, by which the users can easily get the results without the need to go through the mathematical details.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Effects of size, phylogeny and locomotor habits on the pelvic and femoral morphology of South American spiny rats (Rodentia: Echimyidae)
Authors: Tavares William Corrêa , Pessôa Leila Maria
Published: August 2020

The rodent family Echimyidae (spiny rats, hutias and coypu) is notable for its high phylogenetic and ecological diversity, encompassing ~100 living species with body mass ranging from 70 to 4500 g, including arboreal, epigean (non-arboreal or scansorial), fossorial and semi-aquatic taxa. In view of this diversity, it was hypothesized that echimyid morphological variation in the pelvis and femur should reflect: (1) allometric association with body mass; (2) morphofunctional specializations for the different locomotor habits; and (3) phylogenetic history. To test these propositions, we examined 30 echimyid species, in addition to eight species of two other octodontoid families, Abrocomidae and Octodontidae. Pelvic and femoral variation was assessed with linear morphometry, using bivariate and multivariate statistical methods, part of which was phylogenetically informed. Approximately 80% of the total variation among echimyids was explained by body mass, and some univariate measurements were found potentially to be effective as body mass estimators after simple allometric procedures, notably in the pelvis. Even considering the significant phylogenetic signal, variation in shape was largely structured by locomotor habits, mainly in the pelvis, suggesting that the echimyid hindlimb diversification was driven, in part, by selective pressures related to locomotor habits. Finally, echimyid femoral disparity was considerably greater than in other octodontoids, contrasting with their relatively modest cranial variation. Thus, this study suggests that hindlimb diversity constitutes a key factor for the exceptional echimyid ecological and phyletic diversification.