bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONVERSATIONAL AI AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors:   InformationScienceandEngineeringRNSInstitueOfTechnologyBangalore, Dixit AnaghaP
Published: February 2023

Augmented intelligence is revolutionizing the waybusinesses function on a day-to-day basis. ChatOps are one suchexample of how simple queries and activities, such as customerengagementorsalesoperations,can be handled without the involvement of a human. Chat Ops is the synthes is of client queries and an instantaneousinformationalexchangeinstrumentthatfacilitatesdevelopmentofsoftwareandoperationalmethodsinits transmission and execution. These are low-cost, computer-assistedprogramsthathelpincustomerserviceandanymodel of people management. ChatOps offer support at clients’convenience,irrespective of location hence an appeal to amultitude of people. Such a tool is reconstructing the way data isperceived,preventing it sover load and distilling information down to the most needed and practical elements. ChatOps inherentlymeans Conversational AI which uses NLP and other algorithmsthat compliment it and implements its functionalities. The bot istrained by having various intents as inputs, which provide the standard for the automated response. Alarge corpus of user input she lps the AI toget better at predictions and pattern matching. The more number of such inputs, the better trained machine model availabletouse.The intentslieonalargespectrum that could start off as simple chit chat to complicated instructions,while maintaininganinteractiveandcontinuousconversationflow.
Absolutely Summing Morphisms between Hilbert C*-Modules and Modular Pietsch Factorization Problem
Authors: KRISHNA K. MAHESH
Published: February 2023

Motivated from the theory of Hilbert-Schmidt morphisms between Hilbert C*-modules over commutative C*-algebras by Stern and van Suijlekom \textit{[J. Funct. Anal., 2021]}, we introduce the notion of p-absolutely summing morphisms between Hilbert C*-modules over commutative C*-algebras. We show that an adjointable morphism between Hilbert C*-modules over monotone closed commutative C*-algebra is 2-absolutely summing if and only if it is Hilbert-Schmidt. We formulate version of Pietsch factorization problem for p-absolutely summing morphisms and solve partially.
Antinutritional effect of lectin from faveira (Parkia platycephala) seeds in tambatinga (Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus brachypomus)
Authors: Da Silva Rafael Carvalho , Teixeira Claudener Souza , Pretto Alexandra , Costa Thaisa Sales , Siqueira Jefferson Costa de , Pantoja Bruna Tássia Santos , Baldisserotto Bernardo , Lopes Jane Mello
Published: February 2023

This study investigated the possible antinutritional effects of Parkia platycephala lectin (0, 20, 40, or 60 mg kg-1 of diet) on tambatinga feeding for 60 days as well as methods of inactivating this protein. Weight gain, specific growth rate, and relative weight gain decreased, and the feed conversion rate increased with the increase in dietary lectin. The hepatic glycogen levels of fish fed 60 mg kg-1 were higher than those of fish fed 20 and 40 mg kg-1. Diets containing 40 and 60 mg kg-1 increased muscle glucose levels compared to the control group. Fish-fed diets containing lectin showed reduced muscle glycogen compared to those receiving the control diet. Fish fed 60 mg kg-1 presented lower muscle protein levels than those fed 20 mg kg-1. In vitro tests showed that the hemagglutination activity of lectin was inhibited by d-mannose, d-glucose, and α-methyl-d-mannopyranoside. Thermal treatment at 50–60°C was sufficient to reduce the action of lectin, as well as a pH below and above the 6–7 range. Therefore, the use of P. platycephala meals as a dietary ingredient for tambatinga with no lectin inactivation is not recommended as it can negatively affect the fish’s biochemical parameters and growth. Acid or alkaline solutions can be an alternative for inactivating the protein and improving its use by fish and other animals.
‘Learning from Home’ as a Form of Social Change in Educational Perspective: Impact and Challenges of the Covid-19 Era
Authors: Yunita Nurul , Suryadi Karim , Anggraeni Leni
Published: February 2023

Social change in the educational field has occurred due to the Covid-19 pandemic. In-person learning is no longer implemented to minimize the impact of the spread of the virus. Due to this fundamental change, children’s education that can be accessed from home has become a necessity. Parents now have a duty to become teachers for their children at home. Such occurrence is the result of the implementation of learning from home, which is supported by online learning. It serves as a panacea for the education sector during the Covid-19 era. Online learning is appealing due to its easy accessibility, wide reach, comfort, and flexibility in terms of participation. However, online learning has its own shortcomings. Among others, it limits interaction with others, making students feel isolated from their teachers and classmates. This article uses narrative review to analyze and elaborate on 30 journals that discuss learning from home, in terms of the impact of social change on students and the experience of parents.
Teaching Education Program and Teaching Experience of Two EFL Teachers: A narrative Inquiry of English Teachers’ Identity
Authors: Nainggolan Bernard Richard
Published: February 2023

Previous personal beliefs about teaching, impressions with good teachers, and memories of good teachers might have contributed to motivating students to enroll in the teacher education program. The shape of teacher identity is influenced by students before teaching education programs. However, a question arises on how the teachers’ identity is formed during the teaching education program and how its shift remains to change in the context of teaching at school. My narratives and Puji's were used as the data to answer the research question. This study used the narrative inquiry, which used my narratives and my colleague’s being the primary sources of data. The theories selected, used as the framework, were the ‘Situated Learning’ and the ‘image-text teacher identity. Coding was done to narratives and fundamental concepts were generated. The fundamental concepts of the analyzed data are (1) teacher education program vs teaching experiences, (2) the importance of senior guidance in the learning community, (3) teacher relations as a weapon, (4) affects of a new identity. The findings also show what makes the teacher identity formation different both in the teacher education program and in teaching experience. My study also provides the recommendation for the next research and implications for teacher identity formation.

 
The Relationship of Achievement Motivation and Learning Interest with Student Learning Outcomes on The Topic Human Digestive System
Authors: Pramesti Luthfiana Gita , Utami Budi , Prayitno Baskoro Adi
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the relationship between achievement motivation and interest in learning with class student learning outcomes on the topic of the human digestive sys­tem. This research uses quantitative correlation method. Sampling using proportional random sampling technique. Participants in this study amounted to 185 students. Data collection tech­niques used are questionnaires and tests. Questionnaire to measure achievement motivation, in­terest in learning and affective learning outcomes. The test is used to measure cognitive learning outcomes. The results of the test and questionnaire reliability test are indicated by Cronbach's Alpha r values of 0.954, 0.917, 0.946, and 0.757 and are said to be reliable. The data analysis used is correlation and regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between achievement motivation and student learning outcomes. There is a positive and significant relationship between interest and student learning outcomes. There is a correlation between achievement motivation and interest in learning together with student learn­ing outcomes on the topic of human digestion.
Heterogeneity of Students’ Mathematical Critical Thinking Ability Re-viewed from Education Levels: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Suparman Suparman , Juandi Dadang , Martadiputra Bambang Avip Priatna
Published: February 2023

Study of meta-analysis by selecting the random effect model was employed to investigate and examine students’ education level predicted as one of the causative factors of the heterogeneity of mathematical critical thinking ability (MCTA) through problem-based learning (PBL). Search engines such as Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar were used to find thirty journal or proceeding articles published in 2011 – 2021 and indexed by Scopus, Sinta, and Web of Science. The Z and Q Cochrane test were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that education level was one of the significant factors causing the heterogeneity of students’ MCTA through PBL. Therefore, mathematics teachers or lecturers should minimize the gap by improving the learning quality through PBL in education level in which students’ MCTA was still low.   

 
Analysis of Student Understanding Related to Environmental Literature in Elementary School with Science Technology Community Approach
Authors: Hudha Muhammad Nur , Putri Endah Vennita Rahayu , Kumala Farida Nur
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine students' understanding of environmental literacy and the application of the Community Science Technology (STM) approach in elementary schools. The focus of the research is the application of the STM approach to improving the environmental literacy of third-grade students in an elementary school in Malang. The aspects used are based on environmental literacy indicators, including aspects of cognitive abilities and affective abilities. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. The instruments used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used refers to the Miles & Huberman model, which has three steps in analyzing the data: Data Reduction, Data Presentation, and Conclusion Drawing/Verification. The results showed that applying the STM approach could improve student learning outcomes. Student learning outcomes on aspects of cognitive abilities and affective abilities can be said to be good. The results of this completeness can conclude that the STM approach can improve student learning outcomes, especially in the aspect of environmental literacy.
Analisis Butir Soal dan Kecukupan HOTS Soal Ujian Akhir Semester Mata Pelajaran Kimia SMK Kelas X
Authors: Mulyani Sri , Krismonita Melani , Yamtinah Sri
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini mendiskripsikan kualitas butir soal yang ditinjau dari daya pembeda, tingkat kesukaran, efektifitas kunci jawaban dan pengecoh serta menganalisis keterpenuhan HOTS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian diskripsi kualitatif dengan sumber data soal UAS Kimia pilihan ganda kelas X Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022 SMK Tunas Nusantara. Sampel Kelas X jurusan teknik kimia industri. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi dan wawancara. Uji validitas menggunakan uji kredibilitas jenis Triangulasi Antar Peneliti. Teknik analisis kuantitatif menggunakan software ITEMAN Version 3.0 dan analisis keterpenuhan HOTS dengan triangulasi antar peneliti. Hasil penelitian, soal memiliki tingkat kesukaran sedang sebesar 40%, daya beda berkategori baik sebesar 20%, efektifitas kunci jawaban sebesar 43,33% dan efektifitas pengecoh sebesar 50%. Sehingga hanya 1 soal yang disimpan, 29 soal dilakukan revisi dan seluruh butir soal termasuk dalam soal LOTS.
Analisis Tekstual Dalam Konstruksi Wacana Berita Wacana Jokowi 3 Periode, Klaim Demokrasi dan Gejala Otoritarianisme di Kompas.com Dalam Perspektif Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough
Authors: Amalia Husnil , Manaf Ngusman Abdul
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan wacana kritis dalam Rubrik Wacana Jokowi 3 Periode, Klaim Demokrasi dan Gejala Otoritarianisme di Kompas.Com dari analisis wacana kritis Norman Fairclough. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif-kualitatif, dengan pendekatan teori tindak tutur. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah Rubrik Rubrik Wacana Jokowi 3 Periode, Klaim Demokrasi dan Gejala Otoritarianisme di Kompas.Com dan data penelitian ini adalah tuturan  di dalamnya mengandung beberapa jenis wacana kritis Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik dokumentasi. Data yang akan diteliti sudah didokumentasikan sebelumnya, hal ini bertujuan untuk membantu peneliti dalam memperoleh data yang diinginkan. Pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara pencatatan tuturan bahasa  berupa penggalan kalimat yang mempunyai konteks utuh. Data diidentifikasi berdasarkan jenis wacana data dikumpulkan dan diurutkan secara sistematis berdasarkan format data identifikasi dan klasifikasi yang telah ditentukan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, ditemukan hasil penelitian, berdasarkan representasi, berhubungan dengan, bagaimana seseorang, kelompok, peristiwa, dan kegiatan ditampilkan pada teks. Unsur relasi disini dimaksudkan untuk menemukan pola hubungan pada partisipan teks berita. Analisis identitas dimaksudkan untuk melihat bagaimana wartawan menempatkan dirinya ke dalam teks berita.ngusman_abdul_manaf@gmail.com
Penerapan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Segiempat
Authors: Muah Tri
Published: February 2023

Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) adalah pendekatan efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar ilmu matematika sekaligus memberikan kesempatan siswa untuk mendapatkan pengalaman nyata dalam memahami konsep matematika. Implementasi RME dalam Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini menggunakan model Kemmis & McTaggart. Penelitian dilakukan selama dua siklus dengan masing-masing tiga pertemuan dalam setiap siklus. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil evaluasi belajar siswa pada akhir siklus menggunakan tes. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil tes pratindakan, siklus pertama dan siklus kedua. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar yang signifikan setelah pendekatan pembelajaran matematika realistik diimplementasikan. Namun, juga ada beberapa catatan penting untuk mengoptimalkan konsep ini dalam pembelajaran ilmu matematika pada ruang lingkup yang lebih luas dan untuk hasil yang lebih maksimal. Walaupun Realistic Mathematics Education memberikan peluang siswa untuk berimprovisasi dalam penyelelesaian persoalan matematika secara mandiri, peran pendidik dalam bentuk pendampingan tetap tidak dapat diabaikan untuk mendapatkan hasil belajar yang optimal, komprehensif dan permanen.
Analisis Indeks Aiken untuk Mengetahui Validitas Isi Instrumen Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum Berbasis Konteks Sains Kimia
Authors: An Nabil Naimina Restu , Wulandari Ika , Yamtinah Sri , Ariani Sri Retno Dwi , Ulfa Maria
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan instrumen asesmen kompetensi minimum literasi numerasi dan membaca bentuk pilihan ganda kompleks berbasis sains kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis validitas isi instrumen asesmen kompetensi minimum literasi numerasi dan membaca berdasarkan indeks validitas Aiken sehingga instrumen dapat mengukur apa yang seharusnya diukur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif berdasarkan hasil validitas isi yang dihitung dengan formula Aiken. Data validitas isi diperoleh dari 8 orang ahli yaitu guru kimia SMA di Surakarta melalui focus group discussion (FGD). Uji validasi isi dalam penelitian ini menggunakan empat kriteria penilaian, yaitu tidak relevan tidak relevan (TR), kurang relevan (KR), cukup relevan (CR), dan relevan (R). Instrumen asesmen kompetensi minimum literasi numerasi menghasilkan 18 item soal valid dengan indeks Aiken ≥ 0,75 dan 2 item soal tidak valid dengan indeks Aiken <0,75. Sedangkan instrumen asesmen kompetensi minimum literasi membaca menghasilkan 20 item valid dengan indeks Aiken ≥ 0,75.
Niveles de felicidad autoreportados en Colombia y México desde la perspectiva de los derechos humanos
Authors: Guzmán Díaz José Cruz , Cantero Ramírez Margarita
Published: February 2023

El derecho a la felicidad es un elemento clave en el desarrollo y bienestar integral de la persona llegando a ser reconocido internacionalmente como un derecho humano de tercera generación y fundamental subjetivo que contribuye en el fortalecimiento y garantía de otros derechos humanos aunado a principios como la justicia y libertad. A partir de ello se planteó como objetivo realizar una aproximación a los niveles de felicidad en población colombiana y mexicana por medio de un estudio exploratorio aplicando un cuestionario ad hoc donde participaron 102 (68%) colombianos y 48 (32%) mexicanos (n=150).
Los cambios en una sociedad tradicional
Authors: Flores Clair Eduardo
Published: February 2023

Reseña del libro de Ricardo León García, Chihuahua: un acceso de modernidad.
A veces juego a la esperanza
Authors: Espinosa Silva José Rodolfo
Published: February 2023

H. Matamoros, Tamaulipas, México (1990). Becario del PECDA (emisión 23), en la categoría de Jóvenes Creadores por novela. Presidente Ateneo Literario José Arrese de Matamoros. Es coeditor en revista delatripa: narrativa y algo más. Columnista en Tríada Primate de Perú.
Sobre la dificultad de contar la ausencia de Javier Marías (1951-2022)
Authors: Báez Ayala Susana Leticia
Published: February 2023

Javier Marías deviene de un entorno cultural en el que prevalecía el hábito del pensar-se. Su padre fue el filósofo Julián Marías (1914-2005) y su madre, la escritora Dolores Franco Manera (1912-1977), ambos formados en la tradición liberal. Su infancia transcurre en E.U.A. en donde sus padres realizaron actividades docentes, en virtud de las represalias franquistas hacia su padre al negarle la posibilidad de impartir clases en las universidades españolas. Retornan a España, en donde Javier Marías concluye Filosofía y Letras en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
Influence of fear on anti-vaccine conspiracy theories and behaviour against vaccination
Authors: Malas Olga
Published: February 2023

Pandemics are a global threat, with vaccination being the main weapon of control. Fear, an unpleasant emotional state caused by a threatening stimulus perception, is known to be behind inhibitory behaviours; being, with mistrust, the basis of anti-vaccine conspiracy theories (CTs). It would be appropriate to know the fear influence on these theories. In this way, a cross-sectional online survey was applied to 2.987 subjects, in a COVID-19 context, characterized by high levels of uncertainty and mistrust, with the aims of analyse the relationship between some anti-vaccine CTs and vaccination intention (VI), also the influence of fear to vaccination (VF) on TCs and VI in this context. As result, all CTs were positive predictors of VF and negative predictors of VI. The correlations were significant (p <0.001), from moderate to high, for all analysed variables, with a significant and moderate directionality and size of association. Regression analysis indicated a moderate and significant explained variance (r2 = 0.54) of CTs + VF in VI. The analysis also indicates that safety and security CTs were more strongly associated with VF (r2 = 0.347) and VI (r2 = 0.46) than other CTs. Obtained results were more significant than those found by other researchers. Knowing in each case the main anti-vaccine CTs and the associated fear can help to plan programs to increase vaccination levels.
Trajectory optimization of high-speed robotic positioning with suppressed motion jerk via improved chicken swarm algorithm
Authors: Li Yankun , Lu Yuyang , Li Dongya , Li Rui , Xu Chonghai , Gao Xiaozhi , Liu Yu
Published: February 2023

To address the problems of premature convergence and low solution accuracy of the basic swarm optimization algorithm an improved chicken swarm algorithm based on parallel strategy and dynamic constraints (PDCSO) is proposed for the rooster update method with a parallel strategy while introducing X-best guidance and Levy flight step; dynamic constraints are given for the rooster followed by the hen, and the optimal rooster position is introduced, which improves the convergence accuracy while avoiding falling into local optimum. The simulation experiments on 18 classical test functions show that the PDCSO algorithm outperforms other comparative algorithms in terms of convergence speed, solution accuracy and solution stability. In addition, PDCSO is applied to robotic arm trajectory optimization by fitting the joint trajectory with 5 times B-sample curve, and after algorithm optimization and simulation verification in ADAMS, it is proved that PDCSO can effectively reduce the running time and motion shock of robotic arm and improve the execution efficiency of robotic arm.
Reversible Anisotropic Wet Adhesion Enabled by Rigid Amphiphiles
Authors: Wu Tongyue , Gao Shuitao , Zhao Hongxin , Ma Cheng , Jiang Lingxiang , huang jianbin , Yan Yun
Published: February 2023

Wet adhesives such as glues are extensively used in everyday life and various engineering processes to integrate two different objects together. Usually a firm adhesion is desired in all applications, but the strong adhesion often brings up difficulties in revising an undesired adhesion or reusing the adhered objects. To solve this dilemma, we report an anisotropic wet adhesive that combine the advantages of strong adhesion and easy deadhesion together by incorporating a rigid amphiphile glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and a flexible polyelectrolyte poly (diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) into the glue. The rigidity of the GA molecules allows formation of oriented hydrophobic GA bilayers on smooth surfaces under the mild pressure required for adhesion. The van der Waals forces between the hydrophobic chains are much weaker than hydrogen bonds, coordination, and electrostatic forces occurred between the glue and the adhered substrate. As a result, the shear force along the hydrophobic chain, which is vertical to the surface, is 6 ~ 13 times smaller than that along the surface. This immediately generates an anisotropic adhesion, which makes it possible to revise or detach an undesired adhesion by applying a gentle pulling force vertical to the surface. Reversible adhesion is possible by pressing back the detached part, and the undesired adhesives can be facilely cleaned with water. As the GA molecule is replaced by other rigid ones, similar anisotropic adhesion is observed. We envision the rigid molecules facilitated anisotropic wet glue would open a new paradigm in developing smart wet adhesives for building sustainable societies.
Remote Sensing and GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping using bivariate statistical approach of Chhukha District
Authors: Gyeltshen Sangay , Dem Phub , Sharma Vasker , Adhikari Rabindra
Published: February 2023

Chhukha, a southern district of Bhutan remains susceptible to landslides due to excessive temporal rainfall variability and land instability aggravated by anthropogenic factors. This has led to multiple fatalities, substantial financial losses, and damages to infrastructure, farmland, and transportation networks. This study developed the district scale Landslide susceptibility index (LSI) by a bivariate statistical approach called Probabilistic Frequency Ratio (FR) and logistic regression (LR) with the help of a geospatial technology system. A total of 236 historical landslide inventories were identified through field deputation and google earth interpretation with the rationing of 70:30. 70% of the existing landslides were used to train the models, while the remaining 30% of them were used for model validation. The FR model outperformed the LR model with an accuracy of 88.3% and 83.2% respectively. The AUC model verification shows satisfactory agreement to predict landslide susceptibility at the district scale in the Himalayan region. Both models indicated that the central and northern parts of the district account for the least susceptibility, while the southern portion of the Chhukha district accounts for the highest susceptibility to landslides. These authentic findings of the research enable the local government and other decision-making bodies in developing policies, implement innovative measures, and disseminate awareness and preparedness for the consequences of landslide disasters.
SVC-Net: A spatially vascular connectivity network for deep learning construction of microcapillary angiography from single-scan-volumetric OCT
Authors: Le David , Son Taeyoon , Kim Tae-Hoon , Adejumo Tobiloba , Abtahi Mansour , Ahmed Shaiban , Rossi Alfa , Ebrahimi Behrouz , Dadzie Albert , Yao Xincheng
Published: February 2023

As one modality extension of optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography (OCTA) provides unparalleled capability for depth-resolved visualization of retinal vasculature at the microcapillary level resolution. For OCTA image construction, repeated OCT scans from one location are required for temporally vascular connectivity (TVC), i.e., OCT signal variance among sequential images, to identify blood vessels with active blood flow. The requirement for multi-scan-volumetric OCT can reduce OCTA imaging speed, which will induce eye movements, and limit the image field-of-view. In principle, the blood flow should also affect the spatially vascular connectivity (SVC), i.e., reflectance brightness profile along the vessel direction, in a single-scan-volumetric OCT. In other words, the SVC in single-scan-volumetric OCT might be equivalent to the TVC in multi-scan-volumetric OCT for high fidelity OCTA construction. In this article, we report an SVC network (SVC-Net) for deep learning OCTA construction from single-scan-volumetric OCT. The effect of SVC for deep learning OCTA was evaluated by SVC-based speckle variance calculation, revealing three adjacent B-scans has the optimal performance. We further compare the effects of SVC with three adjacent B-scans and a single B-scan inputs into SVC-Net. The structural-similarity index measure (SSIM) loss function was selected to optimize deep learning contrast enhancement of microstructures, such as microcapillaries, in OCT. This was verified by comparative analysis of the SVC-Net performances with SSIM and mean-squared-error (MSE) loss functions. The combination of SVC involvement and SSIM loss function enabled microcapillary resolution OCTA construction from single-scan-volumetric OCT. The performance of the SVC-Net was verified with OCT datasets from both superficial and deep vascular plexus in mouse and human eyes.
When the Minister speaks: Framings of the vaccination hesitant and impact on the propensity to vaccinate girls for HPV
Authors: Compagni Amelia , Fattore Giovanni , Paraggio Diana
Published: February 2023

Vaccination hesitancy is a complex phenomenon influenced by numerous factors, including the communicative messages to which individuals are exposed. Policy-makers, through public communication, might contribute to shape this behaviour. In the study we report the results of an experiment in which respondents were randomly exposed to three different messages about the vaccination against the human papilloma virus (HPV) of girls. The messages were derived from the public statements (2015–2017) of the Italian Minister of Health and contained different frames of the vaccination hesitant (misinformed, antiscientific, or socially dangerous) and correspondingly policy solutions to counteract vaccination hesitancy (information campaigns, compulsory vaccination or compulsory vaccination and sanctions). Results show how framing the vaccination hesitant as antiscientific or socially dangerous, that in turn supports coercive and sanctioning policies, tends to discourage vaccination. These findings alert us to the importance of designing with great care the communication about vaccinations and avoid counterproductive effects.
Performance Evaluation of State-of-the-Art Texture Feature Extraction Techniques on Medical Imagery Tasks
Authors: KUSI-DUAH SAMUEL , Appiah Obed , Appiahene Peter
Published: February 2023

Interpreting medical images is certainly a complex task which requires extensive knowledge [1]. According to [2]Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) serves as a second opinion that will help radiologists in diagnosis and on the other hand Content-based Image Retrieval uses visual content to help users browse, search and retrieve similar medical images from a database based on the user’s interest [3] [4]. The competency of the CBMIR system depends on feature extraction methods [5]. The textural features are very important to determine the content of a medical image. Textural features provide scenic depth, the spatial distribution of tonal variation, and surface orientation [6]. Therefore, this study seeks to compare and evaluate some of the hand-crafted texture feature extraction techniques in CBMIR. This is to help those concerned in enhancing CBIR systems to make informed decisions concerning the selection of the best textural feature extraction techniques.
Since there is no clear indication of which of the various texture feature extraction techniques is best suited for a given performance metric when considering which of the techniques to choose for a particular study in CBMIR systems. The objective of this work, therefore, is to comparatively evaluate the performance of the following texture feature extraction techniques; Local Binary Pattern (LBP), Gabor Filter, Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), Haralick Descriptor, Features from Accelerated Segment Test (FAST) and Features from Accelerated Segment Test and Binary Robust Independent Elementary Features (FAST &BRIEF) using the metrics; precision, recall, f1-score, mean squared error (MSE), accuracy and time. These techniques are coupled with specific similarity measure to obtain results.
The results showed that LBP, Haralick Descriptor, FAST, and GLCM had the best results in terms of (Precision and Accuracy), Time, F1-Score, and Recall respectively. LBP had 82.05% and 88.23% scores for precision and accuracy respectively. The following scores represent the performance of the Haralick descriptor, FAST, and GLCM models respectively; 0.88s, 38.7%, and 44.82%. These test scores are obtained from datasets ranging from 1k-10.5k.
Aside from LBP outperforming the other 5 models mentioned, it still outperformed the following proposed models ' [7]’, ‘Tamura texture feature and wavelet transform combined with Hausdorff distance - [8]’, ‘ [9]’ in terms of (precision, accuracy, and recall) and (precision and recall) respectively and probably f1-score (since f1-score is the weighted average of precision and recall). It is believed that an ensemble of LBP, Haralick descriptors, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) can represent a robust system for both medical image retrieval and classification.
Geomagnetically Induced Currents over Kazakhstan during Large Geomagnetic Storms
Authors: Mukasheva Saule , Andreyev Alexey , Vassilyev Ivan , Sokolova Olga
Published: February 2023

Extreme solar events, such as flares accompanied by the ejection of a powerful magnetic cloud, cause perturbation of the Earth's magnetic field and form fluctuating currents in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. One of the negative consequences of extreme solar phenomena for technological systems is the appearance of geomagnetically induced currents in conducting ground systems, power transmission lines and pipelines. Many countries of the world already have reliable ways to predict the appearance of geomagnetic-induced currents in the electric power system. Kazakhstan, which has extensive power transmission lines and pipelines, needs its own strategy to predict and mitigate the effects of geomagnetic-induced currents. This paper shows the formation of significant geomagnetically induced currents in the region of Kazakhstan during extreme helio-geoeffective events. The first results of modeling the geoelectric field for this region are presented. The description of measurements of telluric current in urban conditions in Almaty is given [43.25°N; 76.92°E].
Water and nutrient use efficiencies of Robinia pseudoacacia, Amygdalus davidiana, and Armeniaca sibirica and their potential driving forces in monoculture and mixed stands on the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Lu Senbao , Chen Yunming , Sardans Jordi , Penuelas Josep
Published: February 2023

Aims The effects of mixed plantations, in comparison with corresponding monoculture plantations, on both water and nutrient use efficiencies remain unclear.
Methods Robinia pseudoacacia mixed (R. pseudoacacia and Amygdalus davidiana, RPAD; R. pseudoacacia and Armeniaca sibirica, RPAS) and monoculture (R. pseudoacacia, RP; A. davidiana, AD; and A. sibirica, AS) stands on the Loess Plateau were used to determine leaf water (WUE), nitrogen (NUE), and phosphorus (PUE) use efficiencies and their potential driving forces.
Results Mixing R. pseudoacacia and A. sibirica is a good strategy to maximize soil nutrient resources. Compared with monocultures of all species, R. pseudoacacia and A. davidiana in RPAD and A. sibirica in RPAS had higher WUE and lower NUE and PUE; P limitation of R. pseudoacacia in either RPAD or RPAS was lower than that in RP. As a whole, a trade-off was observed between WUE and NUE in all species, and between WUE and PUE in A. davidiana and A. sibirica. Moreover, WUE was primarily driven by stand density (SD), crown area (CA), soil total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) for R. pseudoacacia and A. sibirica; SD, CA, and TN for A. davidiana; SD, CA, and TP for A. sibirica. NUE was driven by leaf nitrogen content per mass (Nmass), soil organic carbon (SOC), and TP for R. pseudoacacia and A. sibirica, Nmass and SOC for A. davidiana.
Conclusions Although mixed species showed different water and nutrient use efficiencies based on inherent factors and site conditions, the trade-off between WUE and NUE remained unchanged.
Link state estimator for VANETs using neural networks
Authors: Ikhlef Hamida , Bourebia Soumia , Melit Ali
Published: February 2023

In Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs), it is important to consider the quality of the path used to forward data packets. Because of the fluctuating conditions of VANETs, stringent requirements have been imposed on routing protocols and thus complicating the entire process of packet delivery. To determine which path is the best, a routing protocol relies on a path assessment mechanism. In this paper, the problem of link quality estimation in VANET networks is addressed. Based on the information gathered from the packet decoding errors at the physical layer, a novel link quality estimator is proposed. The proposed link quality estimator named LSENN for Link State Estimator based on Neural Networks, has been tested under realistic physical layer and mobility models for reactivity, accuracy and stability evaluation.
Incidence and burden of infectious disease or sepsis in hospitalized adults with specific comorbidities: a nationwide population-based surveillance
Authors: LEE CHING-CHI , Hung Yuan-Pin , Hsieh Chih-Chia , Lin Sheng-Hsiang , Ko Wen-Chien
Published: February 2023

Purpose:Although numerous epidemiological investigations have focused on sepsis, its definition has been revised by the Sepsis-3 criteria since 2016. To update the epidemiologic sepsis information on individuals who are immunocompromised due to specific comorbidities, a retrospective cohort based on the population-based databasewas studied.Methods:According to ICD-9-CM codes, the first and subsequent hospitalizations for infections or sepsis episodes were identified. Patients with targeted comorbidities were regarded as the study cohort; their corresponding control cohort was recognized through matching by sex and age.Results:In total, 231,016 adults with comorbid diabetes mellitus, 41,205 with liver cirrhosis, and 137,661 with hemato-oncology were identified; and their corresponding control patients included the control cohort I (115,461 adults), II (20,702), and III (68,847), respectively. Through the validation in our hospital, interobserver agreement in infections (k=0.81) and sepsis (k=0.88) was excellent. Compared to the corresponding control cohorts, patients with the targeted comorbidities were more likely to have experienced a first hospitalization due to infection or sepsis at a younger age; and the incidence rate ratios of infections in patients with diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis, or hemato-oncology were 1.92, 4.14, and 2.76; and the incidence rate ratios of sepsis were 1.83, 5.42, and 2.68, respectively.Conclusions:Compared with the general population, patients with immunocompromised status caused by specific comorbidities, particularly in cirrhotic patients, have a higher frequency of hospitalization for subsequent infections or sepsis. We believe that our findings might offer the support for improving the quality of patient.
Effectiveness of a Premarital Counseling Program Based on Individual Psychology in Reducing Fear of Intimacy and Developing Social Interest: The Case of University Single Students
Authors: Alkhazaleh Ziad M. , Alkhawaldeh Mohammad , mhaidat Fatin
Published: February 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Bacterial biofilm persistence in human jawbone following tooth extraction: Implications of surgical debridement and resident population shift for oral implants
Authors: Nelson Stephen , Hu Honghua , Jacombs Anita , Deva Anand , Thomas Graham , Viljoen Andre , Vickery Karen
Published: February 2023

Intra-radicular infection theory assumes that when an infected tooth is extracted, the main source of infection is removed and any residual contaminating bacteria are killed by the immune response, then normal healing ensues. This study investigated whether bacteria and bacterial biofilms persisted in deep bone space following tooth extraction. The study was conducted on two adult male patients seeking dental implant therapy in a private practice setting. The cases presented as (1) a single-tooth with a chronic lesion in the anterior maxilla and (2) as a mandibular full-arch where the few remaining teeth presented endodontic/periodontic lesions, while odsteolytic/osteosclerotic lesions persisted in the edentulous, apparently healed bone. Bone fragments were obtained during full-flap, sterile surgical debridement/osteotomy, for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and pyrosequencing analysis. SEM images visually confirmed the presence of bacteria and bacterial biofilms in deep apparently healed bone space in health and disease. The extraction of diseased teeth did not result in the spontaneous resolution of pathologically altered bone surfaces. Severely sclerotic bone in both cases required multiple surgical debridements to attain a vascularised health margin beyond sclerotic encapsulation with reconnection to stem-cell-rich periosteum. The clinical effect of debridement was microbial population shift, with histologic regeneration of internal osseos architecture and bone quality, according to habitat fitness. Longitudinal same-site intracommunity extinctions and additions were corroborated by SEM and microbiome analysis, together with clinical and radiographic evidence. The circumvention of resident pathogenic bacterial biofilms before implant deployment becomes a method protocol for biofilm-based osseointegration, improving outcomes and reducing reoperations.
NO-ferroheme is a signaling entity in the vasculature
Authors: Kleschyov Andrei , Zhuge Zhengbing , Schiffer Tomas , Guimarães Drielle , Zhang Gensheng , Montenegro Marcelo , Tesse Angela , Weitzberg Eddie , Carlström Mattias , Lundberg Jon
Published: February 2023

Despite wide appreciation of the biological role of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) signaling, questions remain about the chemical nature of NOS-derived bioactivity. Here we show that NO-like bioactivity can be efficiently transduced by mobile NO-ferroheme species which can exchange proteins, partition to the hydrophobic phase, and directly activate the sGC-cGMP-PKG pathway without the intermediacy of free NO. The NO-ferroheme entity efficiently relaxes isolated blood vessels and induces hypotension in rodents, which is greatly potentiated after blockade of NOS activity. While free NO-induced relaxations are abolished by an NO scavenger and in the presence of red blood cells or blood plasma, NO-ferroheme preserves its vasoactivity, suggesting physiological relevance of these yet underappreciated species. We conclude that NO-ferroheme behaves as a signaling entity in the vasculature.
Optimum Control of Hidden Attacks of Malicious Information on Social Networks
Authors: Jain Ankur , Dhar Joydip , Gupta Vijay
Published: February 2023

Extremists are increasingly using social media to recruit and radicalize other users and increase their money. Terrorists can use popular social networks accounts and perform their activities in a hidden way. So, it is crucial to create a fruitful mechanism for controlling the spread of misinformation. Otherwise, a large number of people can mislead by this terrorist activity by joining them. Here, we propose malicious news spreading model incorporating hidden attackers of a social network. A threshold is defined for deciding the extinction of malicious news from a social network. Here, we show the importance of network alertness and activity of cyber-security agencies in the modified model. Moreover, we obtained the optimal values of the control parameters for emergencies.
The Framework of Leadership in Academic Medicine (FLAM); a mixed-methods study to develop leadership skills and competence
Authors: Dash Nihar Ranjan , Koutaich Rim , Khalaf Heba Awad Al , Hani Mohammad Jasem , Koutaich Rayan , Guraya Salman Yousuf
Published: February 2023

Background
In medical academic institutions, leadership is mostly hierarchical which is based on multiple factors including seniority and ranks. There is a dearth of structured leadership training, development, and certification programs in the medical field. This study contemplates to develop a framework of leadership in academic medicine with an intent to support medical academia in fostering their leadership skills.
Methods
We adopted a cross-sectional prospective design and a mixed-methods strategy. An online self-administered questionnaire-based survey and structured in-person interviews were conducted to collect the perceptions of both academic leaders and non-leaders in medicine. The data was collated, analyzed and triangulated to develop domains and themes.
Results
Of the 229 respondents, there were 121 leaders and 108 non-leaders. The quantitative results revealed that most leaders (60%; 73/121) were open to training and development to improve their leadership skills. Leaders favored an affiliative style of leadership (45%). The leaders concurred that leadership development programs would improve their organizational performance. They also argued that an overly bureaucratic and stagnant organizational structure was a hindrance to effective leadership (mean rank scores 136.82 and 122.85 respectively). On the other hand, the majority of non-leaders (70%; 75/108) had observed that their leaders would display a variety of key leadership behaviors such as clear communication, effective resource allocation, the creation of shared knowledge and objectives. As many as 99/108 non-leaders agreed that the lack of experience and training were barriers to effective leadership. Given that most leaders and non-leaders had no prior formal training in academic leadership, both recognized the need for an extensive, structured training program for academic leadership in medicine. The qualitative data analysis and triangulation of subthemes helped us to develop the 6 Es Framework for Leadership in Academic Medicine (FLAM); Ethics (accountability, role model, respect), Education and training (training programs, structured curriculum), Envision (clear path, talent hunting, team man), Engagement (structural foundation, achievable targets), Empowerment (employees, create passion), and Encouragement (financial rewards).
Conclusions
Our study underpins the need for a structured training program of leadership in academic medicine. The 6Es FLAM, with its distinct traits, can be incorporated into undergraduate and postgraduate medical curriculum to enhance the impact of leadership in academic medicine.
Dyslipidemia in diffuse large B cell lymphoma based on the genetic subtypes: a single-center study of 259 Chinese patients
Authors: xu yi , Shen Huafei , Shi Yuanfei , Zhao Yanchun , Zhen Xiaolong , Sun Jianai , Li Xueying , Zhou De , Yang Chunmei , Wang Jinhan , Huang Xianbo , Wei Juying , Huang Jian , Meng Haitao , Yu Wenjuan , Tong Hongyan , Jin Jie , Xie Wanzhuo
Published: February 2023

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a kind of highly heterogeneous non-Hodgkin lymphoma both in clinical and genetic terms. DLBCL is admittedly categorized into 6 subtypes by genetics, which contains MCD, BN2, EZB, N1, ST2 and A53. Dyslipidemia is relevant to a multitude of solid tumors and has recently been reported associated with hematologic malignancy. We aim to present a retrospective study investigating dyslipidemia in DLBCL based on the molecular subtypes.
Results: This study concluded 259 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL and their biopsy specimens were available for molecular typing. Results show that the incidence of dyslipidemia (87.0%, p<0.001) is higher in the EZB subtype than in others, especially the hypertriglyceridemia (78.3%, p=0.001) in the EZB subtype. Based on the pathological gene-sequencing, patients with BCL2 gene fusion mutation are significantly correlative with hyperlipidemia (76.5%, p=0.006) and hypertriglyceridemia (88.2%, p=0.002). Nevertheless, the occurrence of dyslipidemia has no remarkable influence on prognosis.
Conclusion: In summary, dyslipidemia connects with the genetic heterogeneity in DLBCL while without significant influence on survival.
Establishment and Validation of an Anoiki-Associated Gene Signature Capable of Predicting Hepatocellular Carcinoma-related Immune Cell Infiltration and Prognostic Outcomes
Authors: Ni Junjie , Liu Lutong , Wu Pu , Zhu Xiaotao , Xu Chaoyang
Published: February 2023

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is extremely heterogeneous, abd predicting patient outcomes remains a challenge. Anoikis is a distinct type of cell death that exerts an essential role in oncogenic invasion and spread. The presence of anti-anoikis factors contributes to cancer aggressiveness and drug resistance.
Methods
HCC patient transcriptomic and clinical data were accessed using public databases. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox approach was used to define a multigenic prognostic biosignature in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) patients, after which International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) patients were leveraged for validation of this signature. The overall survival (OS) of low- and high-risk patient groups was compared using Kaplan-Meier analyses, with univariate and multivariate approaches being employed to establish independent predictors related to patient OS. A single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) strategy was also used to calculate immune cell infiltration scores and immune pathway activity, while Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome (KEGG) and Hallmark enrichment was identified via GSEA approaches.
Results
Through the use of a LASSO Cox regression approach, a 9-gene anoikis-related biosignature model was established. High-risk patient OS was shorter relative to low-risk patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves confirmed the robust prognostic utility of this 9-gene biosignature, and risk scores were independently related to patient OS in a multivariate Cox analysis. Functional differences in immune status were also detected between these groups, with greater enrichment of cancer-associated pathways in high-risk individuals. Risk scores were significantly related to tumor staging, grading, and immune infiltration types. Prognostic gene expression was also significantly related with tumor cell anti-tumor drug sensitivity.
Conclusions
These results highlight a novel signature comprised of 9 anoikis-related genes that can be employed to predict outcomes and evaluate HCC patient immunological status. Targeting these genes may also represent an effective therapeutic approach.