bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between different coping styles and health-related quality of life in people with Parkinson’s disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liebermann Jenny Doris , Witte Otto W. , Prell Tino
Published: July 2020

Objective

To describe overlapping coping strategies in people with Parkinson’s disease.

Design

Cross-sectional, cohort study.

Setting

Monocentric, inpatient and outpatient, university hospital.

Participants

Two-hundred participants enrolled, 162 patients with Parkinson’s disease (without dementia) analysed.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Prevalence of different coping styles according to the German Essen Coping Questionnaire. Association between coping, sociodemographic and clinical parameters (Movement Disorder Society (MDS)-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), non-motor symptoms questionnaire (NMS-Quest), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), Beck depression inventory (BDI) and health-related quality of life (Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36))).

Results

In comparison with patients who employed a passive coping style, patients using an active form of coping were characterised by a shorter disease duration (p=0.017), fewer motor impairments (MDS-UPDRS II p=0.040, MDS-UPDRS III p=0.003), a lower non-motor burden (NMS-Quest p=0.048), better cognitive function (MoCA p=0.036) and fewer depressive symptoms (BDI p<0.001). From the 162 participants, 24% showed an overlap of active and passive coping strategies. The most common combination was acting/problem-oriented coping and distance and self-promotion. In comparison with patients who employed passive coping, the group with an overlapping coping style was characterised by a shorter disease duration (p=0.023) and lower depressive burden (p=0.001). In comparison with patients who employed active coping, the overlap group was characterised by poorer cognitive function (p=0.045). The SF-36 values of the overlap group were between those of the active and passive coping groups.

Conclusion

Knowledge about overlapping coping strategies is relevant to the implementation of strategies to promote active and healthy coping.
Advance Care Planning: Promoting Effective and Aligned Communication in the Elderly (ACP-PEACE): the study protocol for a pragmatic stepped-wedge trial of older patients with cancer
Authors: Lakin Joshua R , Brannen Elise N , Tulsky James A , Paasche-Orlow Michael K , Lindvall Charlotta , Chang Yuchiao , Gundersen Daniel A , El-Jawahri Areej , Volandes Angelo
Published: July 2020

Introduction

Advance care planning (ACP) is associated with improved health outcomes for patients with cancer, and its absence is associated with unfavourable outcomes for patients and their caregivers. However, older adults do not complete ACP at expected rates due to patient and clinician barriers. We present the original design, methods and rationale for a trial aimed at improving ACP for older patients with advanced cancer and the modified protocol in response to changes brought by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods and analysis

The Advance Care Planning: Promoting Effective and Aligned Communication in the Elderly study is a pragmatic, stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial examining a Comprehensive ACP Program. The programme combines two complementary evidence-based interventions: clinician communication skills training (VitalTalk) and patient video decision aids (ACP Decisions). We will implement the programme at 36 oncology clinics across three unique US health systems. Our primary outcome is the proportion of eligible patients with ACP documentation completed in the electronic health record. Our secondary outcomes include resuscitation preferences, palliative care consultations, death, hospice use and final cancer-directed therapy. From a subset of our patient population, we will collect surveys and video-based declarations of goals and preferences. We estimate 11 000 patients from the three sites will be enrolled in the study.

Ethics and dissemination

Regulatory and ethical aspects of this trial include Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval via single IRB of record mechanism at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Data Use Agreements among partners and a Data Safety and Monitoring Board. We plan to present findings at national meetings and publish the results.

Trial registration number

NCT03609177; Pre-results.
CO476 corn inbred line
Authors: Kebede A.Z. , Reid L.M. , Voloaca C. , De Schiffart R. , Wu J. , Woldemariam T. , Jindal K.K. , Zhu X. , Bosnich W. , Johnston A , Schneiderman D. , Harris L.J.
Published: July 2020

CO476 is an early-medium maturity (76 d to flowering), mostly stiff stalk (BSSS), yellow flint inbred which combines well with a stiff stalk B14-type and Iodent-type testers in many different locations. CO476 possesses moderate resistance to gibberella ear rot both in the inbred and in hybrid combinations. It has intermediate response to common smut, Fusarium stalk rot, northern corn leaf blight, common rust, and Goss’s wilt.
Low Gain Avalanche Detectors for the HADES reaction time (T$$_0$$) detector upgrade
Authors: Pietraszko J. , Galatyuk T. , Kedych V. , Kis M. , Koenig W. , Koziel M. , Krüger W. , Lalik R. , Linev S. , Michel J. , Moneta S. , Rost A. , Schemm A. , Schmidt C. J. , Sumara K. , Träger M. , Traxler M. , Wendisch Ch.
Published: July 2020

Low Gain Avalanche Detector (LGAD) technology has been used to design and construct prototypes of time-zero detector for experiments utilizing proton and pion beams with High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. LGAD properties have been studied with proton beams at the COoler SYnchrotron facility in Jülich, Germany. We have demonstrated that systems based on a prototype LGAD operated at room temperature and equipped with leading-edge discriminators reach a time precision below 50 ps. The application in the HADES, experimental conditions, as well as the test results obtained with proton beams are presented.
On Leibniz superalgebras which even part is 𝔰𝔩2
Authors: Muratova Kh. A. , Khudoyberdiyev A. Kh.
Published: July 2020

This paper deals with Leibniz superalgebras [Formula: see text] whose even part is a simple Lie algebra [Formula: see text]. We describe all such Leibniz superalgebras when odd part is an irreducible Leibniz bi-module on [Formula: see text]. We show that there exist such Leibniz superalgebras with nontrivial odd part only in case of [Formula: see text]
Stability for a competing system of hierarchical age-structured populations
Authors: He Ze-Rong , Zhou Nan
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we are concerned with the stability for a model in the form of system of integro-partial differential equations, which governs the evolution of two competing age-structured populations. The age-specified environment is incorporated in the vital rates, which displays the hierarchy of ages. By a non-zero fixed-point result, we show the existence of positive equilibria. Some conditions for the stability of steady states are derived by means of semigroup method. Furthermore, numerical experiments are also presented.
Global dynamics of a fractional-order SIR epidemic model with memory
Authors: Naik Parvaiz Ahmad
Published: July 2020

In this paper, an investigation and analysis of a nonlinear fractional-order SIR epidemic model with Crowley–Martin type functional response and Holling type-II treatment rate are established along the memory. The existence and stability of the equilibrium points are investigated. The sufficient conditions for the persistence of the disease are provided. First, a threshold value, [Formula: see text], is obtained which determines the stability of equilibria, then model equilibria are determined and their stability analysis is considered by using fractional Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion and fractional La-Salle invariant principle. The fractional derivative is taken in Caputo sense and the numerical solution of the model is obtained by L1 scheme which involves the memory trace that can capture and integrate all past activity. Meanwhile, by using Lyapunov functional approach, the global dynamics of the endemic equilibrium point is discussed. Further, some numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results obtained. The outcome of the study reveals that the applied L1 scheme is computationally very strong and effective to analyze fractional-order differential equations arising in disease dynamics. The results show that order of the fractional derivative has a significant effect on the dynamic process. Also, from the results, it is obvious that the memory effect is zero for [Formula: see text]. When the fractional-order [Formula: see text] is decreased from [Formula: see text] the memory trace nonlinearly increases from [Formula: see text], and its dynamics strongly depends on time. The memory effect points out the difference between the derivatives of the fractional-order and integer order.
On domination number of Latin square graphs of finite cyclic groups
Authors: Pouyandeh Sara , Golriz Maryam , Sorouhesh Mohammadreza , Khademi Maryam
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to find certain bounds for the domination number of Latin square graphs, i.e., a simple graph assigned to a Latin square. In fact, we show that if [Formula: see text] is a Latin square of order [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is the associated Latin square graph of [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text]. We will investigate in which case the equalities hold. Finally, we study the domination number of Latin square graph associated to groups. In particular, we show that if [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text]. Also, we prove that if [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text].
Hydrostatic piezoelectric parameters of lead-free 2–0–2 composites with two single-crystal components: Waterfall-like orientation dependences
Authors: Topolov Vitaly Yu. , Isaeva Ashura N.
Published: July 2020

A system of hydrostatic parameters is studied in novel 2–0–2 composites that contain two lead-free piezoelectric single-crystal components. The ferroelectric domain-engineered alkali niobate-tantalate-based single-crystal layer promotes large values of the piezoelectric coefficients [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], hydrostatic squared figure of merit [Formula: see text], and hydrostatic electromechanical coupling factor [Formula: see text] of the composite wherein the 0–3 Li2B4O7 single crystal/polyethylene layers are adjacent to the aforementioned single-crystal layer. Hereby, the role of the elastic anisotropy of the 0–3 layer is emphasized. An orientation effect concerned with rotations of the crystallographic axes of the piezoelectric Li2B4O7 single crystal in the 0–3 layer is first studied. It is shown that the orientation of the crystallographic axis [Formula: see text] of the Li2B4O7 single crystal in the polymer matrix strongly influences the piezoelectric properties and hydrostatic parameters of the composite. Examples of the so-called waterfall-like orientation dependences of the hydrostatic parameters are analyzed. The composite based on the domain-engineered [Lix([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]]([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]O3:Mn single crystal is of interest due to [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mV[Formula: see text]m/N, [Formula: see text] Pa[Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]–0.75 in the studied volume-fraction and orientation ranges, and these hydrostatic parameters are to be taken into account in the field of piezotechnical, hydroacoustic, and energy-harvesting applications.
Hormonal Signaling Actions on Kv7.1 (KCNQ1) Channels
Authors: Thompson Emely , Eldstrom Jodene , Fedida David
Published: July 2020

Kv7 channels (Kv7.1–7.5) are voltage-gated K+channels that can be modulated by five β-subunits (KCNE1–5). Kv7.1-KCNE1 channels produce the slow-delayed rectifying K+current, IKs, which is important during the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential. Kv7.2–7.5 are predominantly neuronally expressed and constitute the muscarinic M-current and control the resting membrane potential in neurons. Kv7.1 produces drastically different currents as a result of modulation by KCNE subunits. This flexibility allows the Kv7.1 channel to have many roles depending on location and assembly partners. The pharmacological sensitivity of Kv7.1 channels differs from that of Kv7.2–7.5 and is largely dependent upon the number of β-subunits present in the channel complex. As a result, the development of pharmaceuticals targeting Kv7.1 is problematic. This review discusses the roles and the mechanisms by which different signaling pathways affect Kv7.1 and KCNE channels and could potentially provide different ways of targeting the channel.
The role of lamina cribrosa tissue stiffness and fibrosis as fundamental biomechanical drivers of pathological glaucoma cupping
Authors: Hopkins Alan A. , Murphy Rory , Irnaten Mustapha , Wallace Deborah M. , Quill Barry , O’Brien Colm
Published: July 2020

The primary biomechanical driver of pathological glaucomatous cupping remains unknown. Finite element modeling indicates that stress and strain play key roles. In this article, primarily a review, we utilize known biomechanical data and currently unpublished results from our lab to propose a three-stage, tissue stiffness-based model to explain glaucomatous cupping occurring at variable levels of translaminar pressure (TLP). In stage 1, a short-term increase in TLP gradient induces a transient increase in lamina cribrosa (LC) strain. Beyond a critical level of strain, the tissue stiffness rises steeply provoking cellular responses via integrin-mediated mechanotransduction. This early mechanoprotective cellular contraction reduces strain, which reduces tissue stiffness by return of the posteriorly deflected LC to baseline. In stage 2 a prolonged period of TLP increase elicits extracellular matrix (ECM) production leading to fibrosis, increasing baseline tissue stiffness and strain and diminishing the contractile ability/ability to return to the baseline LC position. This is supported by our three-dimensional collagen contraction assays, which show significantly reduced capacity to contract in glaucoma compared with normal LC cells. Second, 15% cyclic strain in LC cells over 24 h elicits a typical increase in ECM profibrotic genes in normal LC cells but a highly blunted response in glaucoma LC cells. Stage 3 is characterized by persistent fibrosis causing further stiffening and inducing a feed-forward ECM production cycle. Repeated cycles of increased strain and stiffness with profibrotic ECM deposition prevent optic nerve head (ONH) recoil from the new deflected position. This incremental maladaptive modeling leads to pathological ONH cupping.
Bipartite Consensus of Heterogeneous Multiagent Systems with Diverse Input Delays
Authors: Ye Hongtao , Chen Zhongqiu , Luo Wenguang , Wen Jiayan , Li Kene
Published: July 2020

This paper investigates the bipartite consensus problem of heterogeneous multiagent systems with diverse input delays. Based on the systems composed of first-order and second-order agents, the novel control protocols are designed. Using frequency-domain analysis and matrix theory, the corresponding upper bounds of the allowable delays are obtained under the undirected topology and directed topology, respectively. Finally, simulation examples are given to verify the theoretical analysis.
Study on Thermal Behavior of Some Biocompatible and Biodegradable Materials Based on Plasticized PLA, Chitosan, and Rosemary Ethanolic Extract
Authors: Vasile Cornelia , Tudorachi Niță , Zaharescu Traian , Darie-Nita Raluca Nicoleta , Cheaburu-Yilmaz Catalina Natalia
Published: July 2020

Thermal characterization of some multifunctional environmentally friendly materials based on plasticized poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/chitosan (CS) and rosemary extract (R) previously obtained is presented. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) associated with other complex investigations such as chemiluminescence and coupled thermogravimetry (TG)/Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)/mass spectroscopy (MS) was performed in order to test both the thermal behavior and the biocomposition–property relationship. It was established that the rosemary ethanolic extract offers an efficient protection against thermoxidative degradation to the new developed plasticized PLA-based biocomposites which show good thermal properties, being suitable for both medical and food packaging applications.
Exploring Further Advantages in an Alternative Formulation for the Set Covering Problem
Authors: Lanza-Gutierrez Jose M. , Caballe N. C. , Crawford Broderick , Soto Ricardo , Gomez-Pulido Juan A. , Paredes Fernando
Published: July 2020

The set covering problem (SCP) is an NP-complete optimization problem, fitting with many problems in engineering. The traditional SCP formulation does not directly address both solution unsatisfiability and set redundancy aspects. As a result, the solving methods have to control these aspects to avoid getting unfeasible and nonoptimized in cost solutions. In the last years, an alternative SCP formulation was proposed, directly covering both aspects. This alternative formulation received limited attention because managing both aspects is considered straightforward at this time. This paper questions whether there is some advantage in the alternative formulation, beyond addressing the two issues. Thus, two studies based on a metaheuristic approach are proposed to identify if there is any concept in the alternative formulation, which could be considered for enhancing a solving method considering the traditional SCP formulation. As a result, the authors conclude that there are concepts from the alternative formulation, which could be applied for guiding the search process and for designing heuristic feasibilit\y operators. Thus, such concepts could be recommended for designing state-of-the-art algorithms addressing the traditional SCP formulation.
Optimizing the Spectrum and Power Allocation for D2D-Enabled Communication Systems Using DC Programming
Authors: Gan Guomei , Huang Yanhu , Wang Qiang
Published: July 2020

Device to device (D2D) communication has recently attracted a lot of attentions since it can significantly improve the system throughput and reduce the energy consumption. Indeed, the devices can communicate with each other in a D2D system, and the base station (BS) can share the spectrum with D2D users, which can efficiently improve the spectrum and energy efficiency. Nevertheless, spectrum sharing also raises the difficulty of resource allocation owing to the serious cochannel interference. To reduce the interference, the transmit power of the D2D pairs and BS to cellular users should be further optimized. In this paper, we consider the resource allocation problem of D2D networks involving the power allocation and subcarrier assignment. The resource allocation problem is formulated as a mixed integer programming problem which is difficult to solve. To reduce the computational complexity, the original problem is decomposed as two subproblems in terms of the subcarrier assignment and power allocation. For the subcarrier assignment problem, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) is adopted to solve it since the subcarrier assignment is an integer optimization problem, and it is difficult to be tackled using the traditional optimization approach. When the subcarrier assignment is fixed, there are only the power allocation variables in the original resource allocation problem. The difference of convex functions (DC) programming is adopted to solve the power allocation problem. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed resource allocation scheme of D2D networks.
Human Search in a Fitness Landscape: How to Assess the Difficulty of a Search Problem
Authors: Vuculescu Oana , Pedersen Mads Kock , Sherson Jacob F. , Bergenholtz Carsten
Published: July 2020

Computational modeling is widely used to study how humans and organizations search and solve problems in fields such as economics, management, cultural evolution, and computer science. We argue that current computational modeling research on human problem-solving needs to address several fundamental issues in order to generate more meaningful and falsifiable contributions. Based on comparative simulations and a new type of visualization of how to assess the nature of the fitness landscape, we address two key assumptions that approaches such as the NK framework rely on: that the NK captures the continuum of the complexity of empirical fitness landscapes and that search behavior is a distinct component, independent from the topology of the fitness landscape. We show the limitations of the most common approach to conceptualize how complex, or rugged, a landscape is, as well as how the nature of the fitness landscape is fundamentally intertwined with search behavior. Finally, we outline broader implications for how to simulate problem-solving.
CT-Guided Percutaneous Microwave Ablation of Sclerosing Hepatic Carcinoma
Authors: Song Hongshen , Ding Huaiyin , Zhu Chuandong
Published: July 2020

Sclerosing <?tex id="Q1" staff-cmt="It is very important for the corresponding author to have a linked ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) account on MTS. To register a linked ORCID account, please go to the Account Update page (http://mts.hindawi.com/update/) in our Manuscript Tracking System and after you have logged in click on the ORCID link at the top of the page. This link will take you to the ORCID website where you will be able to create an account for yourself. Once you have done so, your new ORCID will be saved in our Manuscript Tracking System automatically."?>hepatic carcinoma (SHC) is a rare subtype of hepatic carcinoma that can be caused by various pathogeneses. The histological characteristics of SHC demonstrate its high resistance to chemoembolization and thermal ablation; thus, surgical resection represents the primary option for the majority of patients. However, a small proportion of patients who cannot withstand surgery or who have inoperable tumors may not receive adequate treatment, causing the progression of cancer and related high mortality. To overcome the high puncture resistance, high thermal resistance, and poor thermal conductivity of microwave ablation, we developed percutaneous no-touch multiple-site microwave ablation (NTMSWA) to ablate SHC lesions. In this retrospective study, 96 and 41 patients underwent NTMSWA and surgery, respectively. In the NTMSWA group, tumor size and histological classification were determined by medical imaging and tissue biopsy before ablation, and then a personalized ablation regimen was performed. Complete ablation was achieved in a single session in 81 out of 96 (84.4%) patients. The median survival (MS) of the 90 patients who underwent NTMSWA was 51 months, and the overall survival (OS) rate at 5 years was 49.1%. In contrast, the MS in the control group was 57 months, and the OS rate at 5 years was 56.3%. There was no significant difference between the two groups, indicating that SHC <50 mm in size can be effectively ablated with NTMSWA. By adopting no-touch, multiple-site, low-power, intermittent ablation, SHC less than 50 mm in size can be completely ablated.
Conjunctival Sparing Ptosis Correction by White-Line Advancement Technique
Authors: Habroosh Fatima A. , Eatamadi Habibullah
Published: July 2020

Purpose. To describe a modified technique of white line advancement posterior ptosis surgery and to report the success rate of the procedure. Methods. A retrospective case series of 60 patients who presented with ptosis with good levator function. The success rate was defined as an MRD1 of greater than or equal to 3.5 mm, symmetrical eyelid position with an intereyelid height asymmetry of ≤1 mm, and a satisfactory eyelid contour at 3 months follow-up. Results. Sixty patients (91 eyelids) met the inclusion criteria. Mild postoperative complications occurred in 11 patients that resolved without surgical intervention. Seven patients had recurrence of ptosis: four patients had early recurrence and 3 had late recurrence. The success rate was 88.33% with an average follow-up of 9 months. Conclusion. This procedure is a promising technique in cosmetic and functional ptosis correction. The advantage of this posterior approach procedure is that there is no conjunctival resection; it is suitable for young patients who do not have excess eyelid skin. The procedure is quick with a short recovery period. Additionally, it can be combined with another procedure and in different pathology.
Large-Scale Expansion of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Hassan Muhammad Najib Fathi Bin , Yazid Muhammad Dain , Yunus Mohd Heikal Mohd , Chowdhury Shiplu Roy , Lokanathan Yogeswaran , Idrus Ruszymah Bt Hj , Ng Angela Min Hwei , Law Jia Xian
Published: July 2020

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with strong immunosuppressive property that renders them an attractive source of cells for cell therapy. MSCs have been studied in multiple clinical trials to treat liver diseases, peripheral nerve damage, graft-versus-host disease, autoimmune diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular damage. Millions to hundred millions of MSCs are required per patient depending on the disease, route of administration, frequency of administration, and patient body weight. Multiple large-scale cell expansion strategies have been described in the literature to fetch the cell quantity required for the therapy. In this review, bioprocessing strategies for large-scale expansion of MSCs were systematically reviewed and discussed. The literature search in Medline and Scopus databases identified 26 articles that met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. These articles described the large-scale expansion of 7 different sources of MSCs using 4 different bioprocessing strategies, i.e., bioreactor, spinner flask, roller bottle, and multilayered flask. The bioreactor, spinner flask, and multilayered flask were more commonly used to upscale the MSCs compared to the roller bottle. Generally, a higher expansion ratio was achieved with the bioreactor and multilayered flask. Importantly, regardless of the bioprocessing strategies, the expanded MSCs were able to maintain its phenotype and potency. In summary, the bioreactor, spinner flask, roller bottle, and multilayered flask can be used for large-scale expansion of MSCs without compromising the cell quality.
PRMT5 Inhibition Modulates E2F1 Methylation and Gene-Regulatory Networks Leading to Therapeutic Efficacy in JAK2V617F-Mutant MPN
Authors: Pastore Friederike , Bhagwat Neha , Pastore Alessandro , Radzisheuskaya Aliaksandra , Karzai Abdul , Krishnan Aishwarya , Li Bing , Bowman Robert L. , Xiao Wenbin , Viny Aaron D. , Zouak Anouar , Park Young C. , Cordner Keith B. , Braunstein Stephanie , Maag Jesper L. , Grego Alexander , Mehta Jaanvi , Wang Min , Lin Hong , Durham Benjamin H. , Koche Richard P. , Rampal Raajit K. , Helin Kristian , Scherle Peggy , Vaddi Kris , Levine Ross L.
Published: July 2020

We investigated the role of PRMT5 in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) pathogenesis and aimed to elucidate key PRMT5 targets contributing to MPN maintenance. PRMT5 is overexpressed in primary MPN cells, and PRMT5 inhibition potently reduced MPN cell proliferation ex vivo. PRMT5 inhibition was efficacious at reversing elevated hematocrit, leukocytosis, and splenomegaly in a model of JAK2V617F+ polycythemia vera and leukocyte and platelet counts, hepatosplenomegaly, and fibrosis in the MPLW515L model of myelofibrosis. Dual targeting of JAK and PRMT5 was superior to JAK or PRMT5 inhibitor monotherapy, further decreasing elevated counts and extramedullary hematopoiesis in vivo. PRMT5 inhibition reduced expression of E2F targets and altered the methylation status of E2F1 leading to attenuated DNA damage repair, cell-cycle arrest, and increased apoptosis. Our data link PRMT5 to E2F1 regulatory function and MPN cell survival and provide a strong mechanistic rationale for clinical trials of PRMT5 inhibitors in MPN.

Significance:

Expression of PRMT5 and E2F targets is increased in JAK2V617F+ MPN. Pharmacologic inhibition of PRMT5 alters the methylation status of E2F1 and shows efficacy in JAK2V617F/MPLW515L MPN models and primary samples. PRMT5 represents a potential novel therapeutic target for MPN, which is now being clinically evaluated.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1611
Multiple Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Kheir Wajiha J. , Kim Jane S. , Materin Miguel Angel
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Multiple uveal melanoma is a rare occurrence and includes bilateral melanoma, unilateral multiple/multifocal melanoma, or melanoma with metastasis to the ipsilateral or contralateral eye. Methods: A chart review of patients diagnosed with uveal melanoma between January 2013 and January 2019 at the Duke University Eye Center Ophthalmic Oncology Service was performed. Results: Three patients with multiple, sequential melanoma were identified; patient 1 had bilateral choroidal melanoma and patients 2 and 3 had 2 choroidal melanomas occurring in the same eye. In all 3 patients, both the first and sequential choroidal melanomas were treated with I-125 radioactive plaque brachytherapy (PBT). Two patients were found to have developed secondary metastatic uveal melanoma as a presenting sign of systemic metastases. Patient 4, initially treated with PBT, was diagnosed with ipsilateral metastatic choroidal melanoma, also treated with PBT. Patient 5 had right eye enucleation for choroidal melanoma and developed vision-threatening metastasis in the left eye, which was treated with PBRT. None of the patients had history of cancer prior to their first diagnosis. Patients 1 and 5 were tested with a systemic melanoma panel; both were negative for BAP1, but patient 1 had a variant of unknown significance in BRCA2. Patient 3 had oculodermal melanocytosis, an established risk factor of uveal melanoma. Conclusion: Although rare, the possibility of multiple uveal melanoma does exist. Examination of the treated and contralateral eye on a regular basis is crucial, not only to identify local failure but also new metastases from the primary tumor and additional primary tumors.
Histology of Luminal Breast Cancer
Authors: Erber Ramona , Hartmann Arndt
Published: July 2020

Background: Invasive breast cancer (IBC) can be categorized into prognostic and predictive molecular subtypes (including luminal breast cancer) using gene expression profiling. Luminal IBC comprises a variety of histological subtypes with varying clinical and pathological features. Summary: IBC of no special subtype is the most common histological subtype in general and likewise within luminal IBC. Classical invasive lobular breast cancer, typically clustering into luminal subgroup, is characterized by discohesive growth and loss of E-cadherin expression. Infrequent, morphologically distinct luminal IBC subtypes are tubular, invasive cribriform, mucinous, and invasive micropapillary carcinomas. Breast carcinoma with apocrine differentiation, with characteristic expression of androgen receptor (AR), often clusters into the luminal AR category. Rarely, neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast can be seen. IBC of the male breast usually matches with the luminal subtype. Key Messages: Independently from histological subtypes, invasive breast cancer (IBC) can be divided into molecular subtypes based on mRNA gene expression levels. Using this molecular subtyping, risk scores based on gene expression profiling (established for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative IBC), grading, and Ki-67 index, prognosis of patients with luminal breast cancer and response to chemotherapy can be predicted. In routine diagnostics, the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 status, and the proliferation rate (Ki-67) are used to determine a surrogate (molecular-like) subtype. Within luminal(-like) IBC, no special subtype and invasive lobular breast carcinoma are the most common histological subtypes. Other rare histological subtypes (e.g., tubular carcinoma) should be recognized due to their distinct clinical and pathological features.
Powerful processing to three-dimensional facial recognition using triple information
Authors: Karimi Moridani Mohammad , Karimi Moridani Ahad , Gholipour Mahin
Published: July 2020

Face Detection plays a crucial role in identifying individuals and criminals in Security, surveillance, and footwork control systems. Face Recognition in the human is superb, and pictures can be easily identified even after years of separation. These abilities also apply to changes in a facial expression such as age, glasses, beard, or little change in the face. This method is based on 150 three-dimensional images using the Bosphorus database of a high range laser scanner in a Bogaziçi University in Turkey. This paper presents powerful processing for face recognition based on a combination of the salient information and features of the face, such as eyes and nose, for the detection of three-dimensional figures identified through analysis of surface curvature. The Trinity of the nose and two eyes were selected for applying principal component analysis algorithm and support vector machine to revealing and classification the difference between face and non-face. The results with different facial expressions and extracted from different angles have indicated the efficiency of our powerful processing.
Saraivada de Sambas
Authors: Furtado Filho Joao Ernani
Published: July 2020

No Brasil, várias canções foram compostas durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-1945), tendo o conflito como tema. Seus versos estão repletos de elogios às tropas aliadas bem como de críticas e deboches às lideranças inimigas. Este artigo, entretanto, enfoca certo tipo de ironia. No Brasil, à época, bem no início da década de 1940, o regime político era uma ditadura. Governos autoritários muito frequentemente tentam valer-se da dupla via da propaganda e da censura. Persuasão e repressão. Isso envolve os circuitos de produção musical, meios de comunicação de massa e radiodifusão. Em algumas canções sobre a Segunda Guerra Mundial, é possível ouvir contradições e confrontos de nossa própria sociedade, principalmente os relativos às pessoas pobres e negras. As principais fontes aqui foram gravações originais em 78 rpm. A transcrição das letras dos discos de cera é cheia de desafios (homofonias, termos que caíram em desuso, gírias). Na metodologia, os discursos das canções são lidos tentando-se estar atento aos seus sinais qualitativos, seus pontos de relevo.
PROCESSO DE AQUISIÇÃO DE SEGUNDA LÍNGUA... NÉ?
Authors: Gonçalves Sebastião Carlos Leite
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, caracterizo usos do marcador discursivo “né?” em fases de aquisição do português brasileiro (PB) como segunda língua (L2). Com base na Gramática Textualinterativa (JUBRAN; KOCH, 2006), comparo usos de “né?” no PB falado e no PBL2. Os dados provêm de interações espontâneas com cinco crianças nipo-brasileiras nascidas em uma colônia rural conhecida como Comunidade Yuba. Enquanto no PB né? ocorre apenas em final de turno ou de unidade comunicativa, com função basicamente interacional, no PBL2, ocorre em posições inicial, medial ou final, com função basicamente sequenciadora de tópico, nos dados de crianças menos proficientes, e basicamente interacional, nos das crianças mais proficientes. A conclusão geral é de que marcador discursivo é importante recurso interacional na construção conjunta de L2.
HISTÓRIA ORAL DO PRIMEIRO NIPO-BRASILEIRO A INGRESSAR NO ITAMARATY
Authors: Lee Kwang Yoon , Kim Young Chul , Okamoto Monica Setuyo
Published: July 2020

De acordo com o Censo 2010, a população asiática no Brasil cresceu 177% nos últimos anos, totalizando assim 2,084 milhões de residentes asiáticos. Dentro desse cenário, as nossas instituições educacionais continuam dando pouca ou quase nenhuma atenção aos estudos étnicos de grupos minoritários. Este estudo de história oral tem, portanto, como objetivo repensar a representatividade dos nikkei dentro da sociedade brasileira. Foi selecionada a história oral de Edmundo Fujita, primeiro nipo-brasileiro a ingressar no Itamaraty. Por meio deste testemunho, chegamos à conclusão, ainda parcial, de que a presença de um asiático em um segmento profissional como o do Itamaraty representou políticas e ações positivas por parte do governo federal, além de representar um incentivo e modelo a outros grupos étnico-raciais anteriormente não representados.
What Do Islamists Bring to the Negotiation Table? Religion and the Case of the Pakistani Taliban
Authors: Sheikh Mona Kanwal
Published: July 2020

Is religion the main reason why negotiations with Islamists fail? Contemporary international relations literature views compromise over religious claims as being particularly difficult compared to other types of claims. Religious conflicts are understood as unique phenomena. Do religious factors explain why successful conflict resolution attempts with Islamists are more difficult to achieve than with other insurgent groups who pursue non-religious claims? This article examines the case of the Pakistani Taliban and the types of demands they have made during peace talks and in their communications. The role of religion is examined in this article and, specifically, theories of scarce resources, indivisibility and securitization are analyzed to explain the difficulties of negotiating with Islamists.
Pham, V.T., Trinh, N.B., Phan, K.L. & Lin, C.W. (2019) Two new species, Begonia dinhdui and B. bacmeensis (Begoniaceae), from Vietnam. Phytotaxa 427 (1): 22–30

Authors: PHAM VAN-THE , TRINH NGOC-BON , PHAN KE-LOC , LIN CHE-WEI
Published: July 2020

N/A
Xylobolus austrosinensis sp. nov. (Stereaceae, Russulales) and notes on the genus

Authors: CAO YI-FENG , HE SHUANG-HUI
Published: July 2020

A new wood-decaying fungus, Xylobolus austrosinensis, is described and illustrated from southern China based on morphological and molecular evidence. It is characterized by the thick and pulvinate basidiomata, numerous acanthocystidia, acanthoid basidia, and ovoid to subglobose basidiospores (4–4.5 × 2.8–3.5 µm). The new species is similar to X. frustulatus, but differs in having acanthoid basidia, rounder basidiospores and a subtropical-tropical distribution. In the phylogenetic tree inferred from ITS sequence data of Stereaceae, five species of Xylobolus, including the new species, formed a clade with relatively strong supports. Xylobolus spectabilis and X. illudens are excluded from the genus based on our analyses. Xylobolus ahmadii, X. brasiliensis and X. peculiare are not accepted in the genus according to their morphological descriptions and unpublished sequence data. Xylobolus gongylodes that was not included in the phylogenetic analyses is temporarily accepted in the genus. An identification key to all six accepted species of Xylobolus is provided.
Reinstatement of species belonging Marphysa sanguinea complex (Annelida: Eunicidae) and description of new species from the mid-Pacific Ocean and the Adriatic Sea
Authors: MOLINA-ACEVEDO ISABEL C. , IDRIS IZWANDY
Published: July 2020

Marphysa sanguinea Montagu, 1813, the type species of genus Marphysa, was described with few characteristics and subsequently reported in tropical and temperate waters as a cosmopolitan species. Recent comparative studies have shown that M. sanguinea has a limited distribution to the Northeast Atlantic. As a result, species from the tropical and subtropical zones are now being redescribed as new species. However, this issue is not completely resolved because of the taxonomic status of seven nominal species, considered as junior synonymies of M. sanguinea. Herein, we examined the type and additional materials from five species in synonymy M. sanguinea and performed a compared analysis with the neotype of M. sanguinea. Additionally, we reviewed specimens from two localities in the mid-Pacific Ocean and the Adriatic Sea, where M. sanguinea was previously reported. As a result of this study, three species were reinstated (M. californica Moore, 1909, M. leidii de Quatrefages, 1866, and M. parishii Baird, 1869) and two subspecies, are now raised to species level (M. americana n. status and M. brevibranchiata n. status). In addition, two new species from Hawaii and Croatia are described: M. baileybrockae n. sp. and M. birgeri n. sp., respectively. Morphological comparisons with most species currently assigned to the M. sanguinea complex are presented. This work provides more support for rejecting the hypothesis that M. sanguinea is a cosmopolitan species and we encourage the use of novel and traditional morphological characters to differentiate species within the complex.
An Interdecadal Change of the Boreal Summer Silk Road Pattern around the Late 1990s
Authors: Liu Yong , Zhou Wen , Qu Xia , Wu Renguang
Published: July 2020

The Silk Road pattern (SRP) is a well-known teleconnection pattern along the upper-level westerly jet over the Eurasian continent during boreal summer. The SRP has experienced an interdecadal change around the late 1970s. The present study identified a new change of the SRP around the late 1990s, which is characterized by significant weakening and zonal phase shift of the major centers of the SRP during the recent decades. The recent reshaping of the SRP is attributed to an enhanced impact of precipitation anomalies over the northeastern Indian summer monsoon (ISM), which is associated with the leading mode change of the ISM precipitation anomalies around the late 1990s. The interdecadal weakening of the upper-level westerly jet over central and East Asia also favors the southward movement of the SRP during recent periods. The differences of the features, climate impact, and causes related to the recent SRP change from those related to the SRP change around the late 1970s are also contrasted in this study.
Rapid Techniques in Qualitative Research: A Critical Review of the Literature
Authors: Vindrola-Padros Cecilia , Johnson Ginger A.
Published: July 2020

Qualitative researchers are under increasing time demands to rapidly collect, analyze, and disseminate the results of their findings. Adaptations to qualitative methods may be required to enable the use of timely and relevant qualitative data across multiple disciplinary settings. The aim of this review is to briefly explore the ways in which data collection and analysis methods have been adapted in qualitative research to deal with short study timeframes. We carried out a two-phased systematic review of the literature and determined there were six primary reasons why rapid techniques were used: (a) reduce time, (b) reduce cost, (c) increase the amount of collected data, (d) improve efficiency, (e) improve accuracy, and (f) obtain a closer approximation to the narrated realities of research participants. In addition, we analyzed the characteristics of the articles, how traditional methods were adapted and evaluated, the benefits and limitations of using rapid techniques, and future recommendations.
The Decision to Leave the Abusive Partner by Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence and Risk of Further Revictimization: The Role of Gratitude and Risk Perception
Authors: Costanza Baldry Anna , Cinquegrana Vincenza
Published: July 2020

Being able to perceive the risk of further violence can be an essential step toward seeking help, leaving the abuser, and eventually reducing the risk of revictimization. The current study looks at the individual and contextual risk factors related to perception of risk and, subsequently, their influence on the decision of 83 battered women to leave the abusive partner after 1 year as well as on revictimization. Results indicated that perceiving more risk is a predictive factor in the decision to leave the partner. A dangerous side of gratitude emerged about future revictimization. Results are discussed for clinical implications.
Use and Evaluation of a Computer-Assisted Examination Method for the Diagnosis and Analysis of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
Authors: Wilkat Max , Singh Daman Deep , Lutz Isabelle , Möllmann Henriette , Gellrich Nils-Claudius , Rana Majeed
Published: July 2020

The aim of the present study was to analyze the size of the preoperatively calculated defect volume of MRONJ patients (medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw) and to develop a computer-aided tool based on techniques of AI (artificial intelligence) that facilitates diagnostics of MRONJ. For this purpose, on the basis of 3D (three-dimensional) data sets of 175 MRONJ patients, the outline of the necrosis was marked with the software iPlan 3.0.5 (BrainLAB AG) thus determining the respective volume. The correlation of this volume with other 31 collected parameters was analyzed retrospectively. There was a significant correlation between the defect volume on the one hand, and the MRONJ stage, the number of performed operations, and the therapy invasiveness on the other hand. Furthermore, it could be shown that in one third of the cases no defects could be recognized in the 2D imaging by panoramic radiograph,  while in the 3D data sets defects already had been demarcated. On the basis of these data, a computer-aided tool based on the principles of AI was developed and validated, which might allow the automated calculation of the 3D defect extension and classification of the MRONJ cases into a ranking system. In conclusion, preparation of a 3D image can be recommended for reliably making the diagnosis “MRONJ.” Moreover, knowledge of the exact defect volume serves as a decision-making aid with regard to the choice of therapy, ensures intraoperative certitude, and allows an assessment of the prognosis.
RNA-sequencing based gene expression landscape of guava cv. Allahabad Safeda and comparative analysis to colored cultivars
Authors: Mittal Amandeep , Yadav Inderjit Singh , Arora Naresh Kumar , Boora Rajbir Singh , Mittal Meenakshi , Kaur Parwinder , Erskine William , Chhuneja Parveen , Gill Manav Indra Singh , Singh Kuldeep
Published: July 2020

Background

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is an important fruit crop of tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Genomics resources in guava are scanty. RNA-Seq based tissue specific expressed genomic information, de novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and differential expression among contrasting genotypes has a potential to set the stage for the functional genomics for traits of commerce like colored flesh and apple color peel.

Results

Development of fruit from flower involves orchestration of myriad molecular switches. We did comparative transcriptome sequencing on leaf, flower and fruit tissues of cv. Allahabad Safeda to understand important genes and pathways controlling fruit development. Tissue specific RNA sequencing and de novo transcriptome assembly using Trinity pipeline provided us the first reference transcriptome for guava consisting of 84,206 genes comprising 279,792 total transcripts with a N50 of 3603 bp. Blast2GO assigned annotation to 116,629 transcripts and PFam based HMM profile annotated 140,061 transcripts with protein domains. Differential expression with EdgeR identified 3033 genes in Allahabad Safeda tissues. Mapping the differentially expressed transcripts over molecular pathways indicate significant Ethylene and Abscisic acid hormonal changes and secondary metabolites, carbohydrate metabolism and fruit softening related gene transcripts during fruit development, maturation and ripening. Differential expression analysis among colored tissue comparisons in 3 cultivars Allahabad Safeda, Punjab Pink and Apple Color identified 68 candidate genes that might be controlling color development in guava fruit. Comparisons of red vs green peel in Apple Color, white pulp vs red pulp in Punjab Pink and fruit maturation vs ripening in non-colored Allahabad Safeda indicates up-regulation of ethylene biosynthesis accompanied to secondary metabolism like phenylpropanoid and monolignol pathways.

Conclusions

Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs analysis of de novo transcriptome of guava with eudicots identified 93.7% complete BUSCO genes. In silico differential gene expression among tissue types of Allahabad Safeda and validation of candidate genes with qRT-PCR in contrasting color genotypes promises the utility of this first guava transcriptome for its potential of tapping the genetic elements from germplasm collections for enhancing fruit traits.