bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bacterias depredadoras
Authors: Borrego García Juan José
Published: June 2023

Las interacciones establecidas entre las bacterias son muy amplias y diversas, algunas son positivas como el mutualismo, el sintrofismo, o la protocooperación, otras son neutras como el comensalismo, y otras negativas, incluyendo el antagonismo, la competencia, el parasitismo y la depredación. En este artículo se repasa las diferentes estrategias que utilizan ciertas bacterias (depredadoras) para cazar y depredar a otras bacterias (presas), las principales características necesarias para la depredación, los mecanismos de defensa de las presas, y las aplicaciones biotecnológicas de esta interacción microbiana.
Envejecer: los estragos del tiempo. . . ¿y el oxígeno?
Authors: Salgado Fuentes Blanca , Viúdez Pareja Cristina
Published: June 2023

El envejecimiento es un proceso complejo y de gran impacto, que está estrechamente relacionado con el estrés oxidativo y la generación de especies reactivas de oxígeno (del inglés ROS). El papel de las ROS en el envejecimiento ha sido motivo de controversia; no obstante, su implicación en este fenómeno es clara, de modo que se espera que su estudio proporcione nuevas perspectivas en el abordaje de un proceso que no sólo es un factor de riesgo para múltiples enfermedades, sino que además, nos atañe a todos.
Cuando nuestras arterias envejecen
Authors: Martínez Poveda Beatriz
Published: June 2023

El envejecimiento de nuestras arterias supone un importante factor de riesgo cardiovascular, asociado a una falta de funcionalidad de los vasos sanguíneos y a una respuesta disminuida frente a diferentes estímulos, como la activación de la angiogénesis. De hecho, la falta de respuesta angiogénica asociada a la edad condiciona el mantenimiento de la red fisiológica vascular y la reparación de tejidos dañados tras episodios de isquemia. Mantener una buena salud cardiovascular pasa por mantener jóvenes nuestras arterias, y para ello, la prevención del daño oxidativo es fundamental, jugando un papel muy importante los compuestos bioactivos presentes en los alimentos.
Investigación en microbiología
Authors: Anónimo
Published: June 2023

En este número queremos dar visibilidad a jóvenes investigadoras del Departamento de Microbiología de la Facultad de Ciencias. Ellas han centrado sus investigaciones en diversos temas, desde enfermedades causadas porbacterias y hongos patógenos en el cultivo de aguacate, virus que afectan a especies acuícolas cultivadas hasta epidemiología molecular de virus humanos.
The association between the CCDC88A gene polymorphism at rs1437396 and alcohol use disorder, with or without major depression disorder
Authors: Bonea Maria , Coroama Constantin-Ionut , Popp Radu Anghel , Miclutia Ioana Valentina
Published: June 2023

Girdin is a protein involved in neuronal migration and hippocampal development. It is encoded by the coiled-coil domain-containing 88A (CCDC88A) gene, located on the short arm of chromosome 2 (2p). The CCDC88A gene is modulated by the intergenic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the rs1437396, situated 9.5 kb downstream from its transcription stop site. As recent genome-wide research has associated the T allele of the SNP with increased risk of alcohol use disorder (AUD), we wanted to validate this finding in an independent cohort and to test further for an association with comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD). The study included 226 AUD patients (AUD group), 53 patients with comorbid MDD, and 391 controls selected randomly. The participants were genotyped for the rs1437396 polymorphism using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. The association between the rs1437396 polymorphism and increased risk of AUD and AUD+MDD was tested with logistic regression. Our results show significantly higher frequency of the T risk allele in the AUD group (p=0.027) and even higher in the AUD+MDD group (p=0.016). In conclusion, this is the first study that has validated the association between the rs1437396 polymorphism of the CCDC88A gene and AUD with or without MDD. Studies on larger samples of patients are needed to further investigate the mechanism of this association.
The PNPLA family of enzymes: characterisation and biological role
Authors: Lulić Ana-Marija , Katalinić Maja
Published: June 2023

This paper brings a brief review of the human patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein (PNPLA) family. Even though it consists of only nine members, their physiological roles and mechanisms of their catalytic activity are not fully understood. However, the results of a number of knock-out and gain- or loss-of-function research models suggest that these enzymes have an important role in maintaining the homeostasis and integrity of organelle membranes, in cell growth, signalling, cell death, and the metabolism of lipids such as triacylglycerol, phospholipids, ceramides, and retinyl esters. Research has also revealed a connection between PNPLA family member mutations or irregular catalytic activity and the development of various diseases. Here we summarise important findings published so far and discuss their structure, localisation in the cell, distribution in the tissues, specificity for substrates, and their potential physiological role, especially in view of their potential as drug targets.
The Role of Investigators in Handling Child Promiscuity Crimes
Authors: Situmorang Jhon EJ
Published: June 2023

This article examined the role of investigators at the Lampung Regional Police in addressing criminal cases of child promiscuity and identified the factors that hindered their effectiveness. This normative juridical research focused on cases handled by the PPA (Protection of Women and Children Unit) investigators of Polda Lampung in 2021, exploring how they managed these sensitive cases. The research was grounded in the frameworks provided by Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code and the Police Law, which established the basis for criminal responsibility. The findings revealed that the effectiveness of investigators was significantly constrained by a shortage of personnel and inadequate infrastructure, impacting their ability to manage cases of child promiscuity effectively.
Terrorism and Violence between the Islamic Political Perspective and the Duplication of Western concepts
Authors: Mustafa Farooq Majeed  , Khudhir Abbas Atwan
Published: June 2023

The idea of ​​the research revolves around a topic, that Islamic Sharia represents the conclusion of the permanent laws that the Creator established for the children of Adam, and it cannot be said that the Creator placed in it what harms humanity, in its existence or what restricts its freedom, or that its provisions do not fit our world today, otherwise we would have We have come across referring to His inability to know what will happen in human life.

Today's terminology of violence varies between: violence, crime, terrorism and other innovative political terms, but the Arabic language gives a wide space for these terms, and the differences between them.

Islamic Sharia did not support violence, except in a limited legally justified scope, and it has always been looking for options that allow room for choice and tolerance, but at the same time it allows wide options in jurisprudence, without imposing restrictions on it except within the scope of achieving the supreme interest of Sharia, the country, society and individuals.
Structural realist theory in international relations
Authors: Prof. Dr. Abdul-Khaleq Shamil Muhammad  , Rinma Ismail Ahmed
Published: June 2023

The theory occupies great importance in the field of international relations because of the services it provides that help in understanding، interpreting and analyzing political phenomena and events and trying to give a forward-looking vision for the future of these phenomena through the scientific assumptions it adopts.

    This study attempts to clarify the conceptual and historical frameworks of the structural realist theory in the field of international relations.
Effect of Enterococcus avium and Enterococcus casseliflavus supernatant and pellet on Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilm formation
Authors: Keywan jebrail Chicho  , Sawsan Mohammed Sorchee
Published: June 2023

Enterococcus is cocci shaped, gram positive, oxidase and catalase negative, facultatively anaerobic, and does not produce spores. It  is one of the principal genera that belong to the group of ‘lactic acid bacteria’ (LAB), which also includes Streptococcus and Lactobacillus. The study aimed to detect Enterococcus spp. bacteria using molecular diagnostics .Twenty-one isolates (21%) from 100 samples belonging to Enterococcus spp. were obtained. Three isolates belonging to (two) Enterococcus avium (9.52%) one of them isolated from Kaymak and the other from yoghurt, the other one was (one) Enterococcus casseliflavus (4.76%) which isolated from Ricotta (Made by buffalo milk).  After diagnosing by Vitek-2 system of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria and detecting its biofilm formation by ‘Congo Red Agar’ method with antibiotic test, the effect of the Enterococcus avium and Enterococcus casseliflavus (supernatants and pellets) on its biofilm formation was tested. Moreover, when compare; to the control group, the effect was highly ‘significant’ (p.0.0069).
Ion-Pair Complex of Trimethoprim with Alizarin Yellow and its Determination and Extraction by LLE and DLLME
Authors: Araf I. Jabbar  , Mohammed Z. Thani  , Ali I. Khaleel
Published: June 2023

For the analysis of trimethoprim medication in its pure form and pharmaceutical formulations, precise and accurate microextraction techniques with UV-Vis measurement have been developed and confirmed. In this study, LLE and DLLME procedures were utilized for the separation, pre-concentration, and evaluation of trimethoprim in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations by UV-Vis spectroscopy at 390 nm. The method was validated and applied to the evaluation of trimethoprim in pharmaceutical formulations. Several experimental factors containing the type of dispersive and extraction solvents and their volumes, pH, temperature, and centrifuging time were carried out. Under the ideal conditions, the procedures were linear in the range of 2–45 and 1-10 mg/L, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9961 and 0.9992 for LLE and DLLME, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was 1.52 and 0.21 mg/L. Recovery of the target analyte in pharmaceutical formulations was 99.3%-104.9%.
Study of some parameters and Partial purification of prolidase from serum women preeclampsia
Authors: Hiba H. Rasheed Lateef  , Nazar A. Naji  , Ibrahim F. Wahed
Published: June 2023

This study was carried out by partial purification of prolidase from blood serum patients with preeclampsia by ion exchange The degree of purification enzyme (1. 85) fold, enzyme yield (8.82) and specific activity is (8.88) IU/mg .The kinetic studies of partially purified The enzyme technology demonstrated the optimal substrate concentration which was (97) mmol/L and Vmax (71.42 )(U/L),km(1.25) while optimal The optimum temperature was (37°C) and pH (9.2). molecular The weight of the partially purified enzyme was determined by a gel Electrophoresis method, in the presence of polyacrylamide gel and sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS_PAGE) which showed that the approximate. The molecular weight was (54KD). We found a high level of Erythropoietin hormone in Pre-eclampsia patients which was a significant (P≤0.01) increase, (438.47  ) when she was in Control (251.70  ), the value of antidiuretic hormone in the patient was a significant (P≤0.05) increase (7.343)  while in Control decrease value (2.155), the value of the ALD hormone in the patient was a significant decrease (P≤0.05)  (288.7) and control was (143.6), Nitric Oxide in the patient was a significant (P≤0.05)   (30.0) and control was increase (44.2) and vitamin D in the patient was a significant decrease (P≤0.05) (11.04) and control was(15.78) We conclude from the above results that there are some variables that rise with preeclampsia, such as the hormone ADH and the hormone EPO, but other variables such as ALD, vitamin D3 and nitric oxide decrease with increased pregnancy pressure, that is, with preeclampsia, in addition to that the main objective of the research is to purify the prolidease enzyme in the serum of women with preeclampsia and to know the duration of its effect This enzyme on pregnant women and linked it in another study with materials to find a new treatment
Study the change of some physical and chemical properties of TiN under high pressure
Authors: Nashwa Salhuddin Sultan  , Raed Hashim AL-Saqa  , Siham J. AL-Faris
Published: June 2023

The pressure equation of state of Titanium nitrate TiN was investigated in the current work using two equations of state (EOS) from the literature, including the Barden EOS and the Birch-Murnaghan EOS, whereas the Bardeen EOS, which is based on interstellar atomic potentials, and the Birch-Murnaghan EOS, which is based on the solid mechanics notion of finite strain. The EOSs were processed to identify the impacts of high pressure on the bulk modulus B, Debye temperature θD and lattice constant a, which are characterizations of TiN. Ultimately, a fair comparison of the current findings with the first principle approximation and the generalized gradient approximation approach was conducted, and a perfect agreement was found. It was demonstrated that TiN EOS can be used to calibrate high pressure for chemical compound TiN .
Using Crank-Nicolson Numerical Method to solve Heat-Diffusion Problem
Authors: Ajeel Omar Abdullah , Gaftan Awni M.
Published: June 2023

The current study aimed to use the Crank-Nicolson numerical method to solve Heat-Diffusion Problem in comparison with the ADI method. In this paper, the general formula of the Crank-Nicolson Numerical Method was derived and applied to solve the heat diffusion. The same problem then has been solved using ADI numerical method. The results of the Crank-Nicolson numerical method were compared with that of the ADI numerical method. The comparison results revealed that Crank-Nicolson is more accurate than the results of ADI at the initial steps of the problem solution.
Passively Safe Spacecraft Motion Using Reachable Sets and Orbital Element Differences
Authors: Aguilar-Marsillach Daniel , Holzinger Marcus J.
Published: June 2023

The problem of passive safety between spacecraft is studied in this paper by means of backward reachable sets and orbital element differences. These reachable sets characterize the initial states that enter a swept region around a designated spacecraft within some time horizon, leading to collision or conjunction events. We provide an in-depth passive safety analysis using such representations and discuss how the motion of spacecraft can be constrained to satisfy such safety constraints. The work herein is particularly relevant for future formation-flying missions but can be extended to certain constellations, for example, Walker constellations. We demonstrate how to compute these sets for general dynamics models, which typically require numerical methods, but provide analytical and closed-form solutions for the Keplerian case as well as when first-order secular [Formula: see text] perturbations are considered with a mean orbital element difference description. Additionally, we show how the passive safety constraint based on such sets can be further simplified (or reduced) by considering projections or slices of the derived reachable sets. Finally, we propose an algorithm that finds passively safe configurations when considering multiple spacecraft. Simulations verify the passive safety constraints derived in this paper and their utility for a number of design cases in formation flying and a [Formula: see text]-perturbed low-Earth-orbit Walker constellation. In the latter case, long-term passive safety is shown even when subjected to unmodeled perturbations.
Prediction for Antiresonant and Extremum Response Frequencies of Undamped Structures
Authors: Meng Fanwei , Zhu Jihong , Hou Jie , Ping Wang Bo
Published: June 2023

In this paper, two novel methods for predicting the frequencies for antiresonance and local extrema in the frequency response are presented. The interval searching method is based on the new criterion that takes the double antiresonance phenomenon into consideration. A novel eigenvalue formulation method for which the eigenvalues are those frequencies is also developed. Both methods can be applied to large structure because they only need one eigenvalue analysis. Two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Otogenic Sinus Thrombosis and Hemophilia: A Clinical Case
Authors: Veshkurtseva I. M. , Izvin A. I. , Kuznetsova N. E. , Kudymov S. A. , Sinyakov A. Yu. , Kuznetsova T. B.
Published: June 2023

Background. Patients with hemophilia are protected from thrombosis by a deficiency of one of coagulation factors, therefore thrombotic complications are rare in them. Currently, few descriptions of spontaneous venous thrombosis in adult hemophiliacs can be found in the literature. Even fewer data of thromboembolic complications are reported in pediatric practice. At present, no clear recommendations are given for the management of thrombotic complications in children with hemophilia, which requires further study of this issue to develop prevention and treatment regimens, including otogenic sinus thrombosis in this category of patients.

Case description. A 7-year-old boy was transferred from the Somatic Hospital to the Intensive Care Unit of Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Tyumen (Russia) with an Otorhinolaryngology Unit. He was diagnosed with non-perforative form of acute right-sided suppurative otitis media, acute right-sided mastoiditis, thrombosis of the right sigmoid sinus. The anamnesis shows that the child is diagnosed with hemophilia A, of moderate severity (factor VIII level — 5%), for which he has been receiving factor VIII replacement therapy for the last year. Upon admission, a general blood test revealed no abnormalities, with a slight increase in acute-phase parameters: C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, signs of hypocoagulation. Due to negative dynamics, the child underwent anthromastoidotomy against the background of intensive replacement therapy. Surgery revealed the presence of granulation tissue with hemorrhagic thrombi in the antrum and aditus. In the postoperative period, replacement therapy was accompanied with antibacterial and anticoagulant therapy.

Conclusion. The management of patients with otogenic sinus thrombosis against the background of hereditary factor VIII deficiency is a difficult task. On the one hand, it requires surgical intervention and anticoagulant therapy in order to prevent further thrombosis, on the other hand — intensive replacement therapy in order to reduce the risks of hemorrhagic complications. The described case demonstrates the need for an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with otogenic thrombosis of lateral sinus against the background of hemophilia A. The approach is to minimize the risks of intraoperative complications and insure a favorable outcome.
Prevalence, distribution, and clinical relevance of nonsyndromic dental anomalies in the general population of Uttar Pradesh, India: A radiographic study
Authors: Panwar Abhilash , Kamarthi Nagaraju , Sharma Shalini , Malik Sangeeta , Goel Sumit , Gupta Swati , Sharma Abhinav
Published: June 2023

Objectives:

The objective of the study was to learn about the incidence of dental defects in our area and to assist dental surgeons and patients in achieving a better treatment outcome.

Materials and Methods:

Between March 2021 and March 2022, panoramic radiographs of 5140 patients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, were examined, and this number of patients was included in the study based on the existence of dental anomalies. The participants in this study ranged in age from 8 to 60 years old. The study eliminated patients with syndromes linked to dental anomalies, and no clinically investigated dental malformations were included in the study. In patients visiting the hospital’s dental outpatient department, assessment of the prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies (i.e., tooth-by-tooth distribution) was performed.

Results:

Patients with dental malformations were discovered with the greatest proclivity for dilaceration (53.07%). Impacted mandibular teeth were the second most common anomaly found. Hypercementosis, dwarf roots, macrodontia, and microdontia were also found to be more prevalent.

Conclusion:

In a non-syndromic adult Indian population of Uttar Pradesh, the prevalence and distribution of several developmental dental abnormalities were discovered. Impaction, hypercementosis, dwarf roots, hyperdontia, root dilaceration, peg-shaped laterals (microdontia), and hypodontia were more common than other size and shape anomalies. These anomalies have a considerable impact on tooth occlusion and alignment, which has an impact on orthodontic treatment planning. They aid in the diagnosis of various systemic disorders and syndromes, as well as surgical planning. If not addressed effectively, they may bring treatment challenges.
In-hospital mortality of acute HIV-associated pulmonary morbidity among COVID-19 negative medical admissions to Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital
Authors: Seema Lehlonono , Mpe Matlawene John
Published: June 2023

Objectives:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related complications remain a frequent cause of hospital admissions. Pulmonary complications are among the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals. We aimed to describe the in-hospital mortality of medical admissions with an acute HIV-associated pulmonary pathology.

Materials and Methods:

This was an observational study undertaken at a tertiary care center over 12 months. Variables of interest were as follow: Diagnoses, diagnostic work-up, treatment, mortality rate, and impact of comorbidities and HIV-associated factors on mortality.

Results:

Two-hundred and seventy-two patients were studied. The mean age was 42.0 ± 10.8 years. Males constituted 62.4% of the cases. One hundred and thirty patients (47.8%) were anti-retroviral therapy (ART) naive. The median CD4 count was 76 cells/mm3. The most frequent pulmonary diagnosis was community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) (212; 78%). Gram-negative pathogens were isolated in the majority of patients admitted with infectious complications. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) was confirmed in only 27 (0.9%) of the cases. Significantly more female patients were on ART compared to males (P = 0.0436). Survival rates were not significantly different between the two genders (P = 0.1670). Overall, in-hospital mortality was 25.7%. CD4 counts and comorbidities were not predictive of mortality.

Conclusion:

HIV-associated acute pulmonary disease is associated with significant mortality. A large number of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage of HIV. Programs that encourage voluntary testing and treatment are likely to reduce the high number of late presentations and reduce the poor outcomes. Adherence to the South African thoracic society guideline recommended evaluation for PTB in HIV-infected patients diagnosed with CAP cannot be over-emphasized.
An assessment of forest restoration after fie using segmentation and cluster analysis of Landsat images
Authors: Rozhkov Yu. F. , Kondakova M. Yu.
Published: June 2023

For the purposes of monitoring the state of forest ecosystems, it is most effctive to use the capabilities of remote methods. Fragments with an area of 250 km2 (scale 1:5000) were identifid on Landsat multispectral satellite images (time series of summer images for 1995, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2013, 2016) of the Olyokminsky State Nature Reserve. Then polygons were saved at three levels of segmentation: 4, 16, 64 with the scales of 1:2500, 1:1250, 1:625. When deciphering, an unmanaged classifiation of polygons was carried out using the ISODATA method (Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Technigue) into 2, 4, 10 classes. Distribution curves for the values of the forest cover index for polygons of the 3rd level of segmentation were constructed. The results of classifiation into 4 classes were used to calculate the thematic pixel diffrence. According to the classification results for 4.10 classes, statistical processing was carried out with the calculation of the diffrence and similarity indicators of polygons, the dispersion of the general population and the Fisher test (F-test). A method is described for determining the disturbance of ecosystems and their restoration from the distribution curves of the forest cover index. The results of the change in the dispersion of the general population and the F-test at diffrent levels of segmentation and at diffrent stages of forest restoration are considered. The features of the transition between three levels of self-similarity (scaling) of multifractal structures as forests are restored are determined.
An evaluation of the Russian Far East spatial polarization in the post-Soviet period
Authors: Кuzin V. Yu.
Published: June 2023

The post-Soviet social and economic development of Russia had a multidirectional character. At the same time the importance of smoothed factors of competitiveness, the importance of individual centers and industries increased. Regional measurement of such trends the most frequently discovers the rose sharply gradients of social and economic development, which reflct in the spatial development processes spectrum. Spatial polarization is the cornerstone in this spectrum; it has become an actual trend in the development of the whole country. Whereas its specifis in the west of the country have been researched quite actively, the Russian Far East in this respect has not been actually studied. This article is directed to eliminate this shortcoming. The main problems of socio-economic development of this territory and the process of regionalization specifi to it were preliminarily considered. The regionalization specifi process was discovered through the analysis of sharps in the most socio-economic indicators of the regional centers in the Russian Far East. For evaluating the spatial polarization we used the proprietary technology of four-step evaluation and the fial formula is proposed. The statistical base was the collection “Regions of Russia. Socio-economic Indicators”. The obtained index of spatial polarization was analyzed and conclusions about the specifis of its formation, functioning and sustainability were made. The spatial polarization index was visualized using QGIS cartographical method. As a result, 4 types of regions were identifid by the level of spatial polarization: weakly polarized (2 regions), medium polarized (3 regions), highly polarized (4 regions), maximum polarized (2 regions). Each type was analyzed, the factors and specifi of their creation and functioning were noted. The conclusion about the prevalence of qualitative diffrences between the types and signifiant prospects for further research into spatial polarization was made.
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF DETERMINING ALLOMETRIC INDICATORS OF TREES USING SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING DATA
Authors: Данилов Ю.Г. , Табриз М.о.Т.
Published: June 2023

В последние десятилетия быстрое развитие технологий дистанционного зондирования привело к разработке различных методов по определению количества надземной биомассы по спутниковым изображениям. Были построены регрессионные уравнения связывающие полевые оценки надземной биомассы и вегетационные индексы, полученные методами дистанционного зондирования. Такие исследования позволяют не только оперативно контролировать состояние обширных лесных массивов, но и решить задачу оценки глобальных запасов углерода на планете. Целью исследования является создание основ для разработки новых методик по вопросам определения аллометрических показателей методами дистанционного зондирования. Задачами исследования являются определение с использованием технологий дистанционного зондирования (1) суммарной массы деревьев леса, состоящего из числа участков, отличающихся друг от друга количеством и видом деревьев; (2) суммарной массы гетерогенного леса, в котором существует определенная функциональная связь между NDVI и количеством стволов (SNi) на определенном участке; (3) модельной связи между NDVI и такими аллометрическими показателями как высота дерева (H) и диаметр кроны (CD). Результаты исследований: решены некоторые задачи аллометрических измерений с применением методов дистанционного зондирования. Получена формула для вычисления биологической массы деревьев в лесу с использованием значений нормализованного разностного вегетационного индекса (NDVI) на отдельных участках леса; аналогичная задача для случая наличия функциональной связи между NDVI и количеством стволов на отдельных участках леса; получена формула модельной связи между NDVI и произведением таких аллометрических показателей как высота дерева и диаметр кроны.
Structural and Chemical Evolution of Highly Fluorinated Li-rich Disordered Rocksalt Oxyfluorides as a Function of Temperature
Authors: Sunariwal Neelam , Kumar Khagesh , Dogan Fulya , Roy Indrani , Cabana Jordi
Published: June 2023

Li-rich disordered rocksalt (DRS) oxyfluorides have emerged as promising high-energy cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. While a high level of fluorination in DRS materials offers performance advantages, it can only be achieved via mechanochemical synthesis, which poses challenges of reproducibility and scalability. The definition of relationships between fluorination and thermal stability is required to devise alternative methods that overcome these challenges. In this study, we investigated the thermal stability of three highly fluorinated Li2MO2F (M=Mn, Co, and Ni) in inert atmosphere. We utilized diffraction and spectroscopic techniques to examine changes in their electronic and chemical states up until conditions of decomposition. The analysis revealed that the materials phase-separate above 400C, at most. We also observed that heat-treated DRS materials exhibited intricate changes in local coordination and ordering compared to the pristine states. Furthermore, the heat-treated materials displayed a reduced voltage hysteresis on the electrochemical voltage profiles compared to pristine states. These results provide an in-depth understanding of the fundamental crystal chemistry of DRS materials in view of their promising role as next generation of Li-ion cathodes.
Quantifying the electronic dimension of global aromaticity in macrocycles
Authors: Bradley David , Hillier Bethany , Peeks Martin
Published: June 2023

Characteristic magnetic shielding patterns are commonly associated with ring currents, and therefore aromaticity, in large molecular structures. However, the relationship between ring currents and aromaticity is controversial, and this problem is not helped by the fuzzy definition of aromaticity. Cycloparaphenylene and porphyrin nanorings exhibit macrocyclic ring currents and/or aromatic stabilization energy in some oxidation states. Here, we extend the analysis of the aromaticity in these molecules to include the electronic delocalization criterion. Using the recently developed inter-fragment delocalization index, we show the macrocycles which have been previously described as aromatic based on NMR evidence also show dramatically enhanced electronic delocalization compared to non-aromatic references. By changing the DFT functional, we demonstrate that the magnitude of the macrocyclic ring current is correlated with the amount of macrocyclic electron delocalization. Our results strengthen past assignments of (anti)aromaticity in cycloparaphenylenes and porphyrin nanorings by evaluating their cyclic electronic delocalization, which is the hallmark of (anti)aromaticity.
The linker histone H1–BRCA1 axis is a crucial mediator of replication fork stability
Authors: Ozgencil Meryem , Dullovi Arlinda , Christiane Higos Romane Catherine , Hořejší Zuzana , Bellelli Roberto
Published: June 2023

The maintenance of genome integrity relies on replication fork stabilization upon encountering endogenous and exogenous sources of DNA damage. How this process is coordinated with the local chromatin environment remains poorly defined. Here, we show that the replication-dependent histone H1 variants interact with the tumour suppressor BRCA1 in a replication stress–dependent manner. Transient loss of the replication-dependent histones H1 does not affect fork progression in unchallenged conditions but leads to the accumulation of stalled replication intermediates. Upon challenge with hydroxyurea, cells deficient for histone H1 variants fail to recruit BRCA1 to stalled replication forks and undergo MRE11-dependent fork resection and collapse, which ultimately leads to genomic instability and cell death. In summary, our work defines an essential role of the replication-dependent histone H1 variants in mediating BRCA1-dependent fork protection and genome stability.
A Clinical Study of Low Molecular Weight Heparin Sodium Injection Combined with Magnesium Sulfate Injection and Labetalol Tablets in the Treatment of Severe Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension
Authors: Chen Hongyou , Song Lihua , Wang Fei , Gao Yan , Zhang Shuang
Published: June 2023

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of low molecular weight heparin sodium injection combined with magnesium sulfate injection and labetalol in the treatment of severe pregnancy-induced hypertension. Methods: A total of 48 patients with severe pregnancy-induced hypertension admitted from February 2021 to February 2023 were selected, and the patients were divided into two groups by simple sampling, with 24 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received labetalol orally and intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate, whereas those in the observation group received subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin sodium on the basis of the control group. The two groups of patients underwent 5 days of treatment, and the blood pressure control, vascular endothelial function, renal function, and blood coagulation were compared between the two groups. Results: Before treatment, there were no significant differences in blood pressure readings, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, and the four coagulation indices between the two groups (all P > 0.05). After treatment, the blood pressure readings in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05); ET-1 in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the NO level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05); compared with the control group, the observation group had lower SCr and BUN (P < 0.05), longer prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and thrombin time (TT), and lower fibrinogen (Fib) level (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Low molecular weight heparin sodium injection combined with magnesium sulfate injection and labetalol in the treatment of severe pregnancy-induced hypertension can help control blood pressure levels, promote the recovery of vascular endothelial function and renal function, and effectively correct coagulation function.
Analysis of Factors of Complications in Patients with Moyamoya Disease After Revascularization
Authors: Xu Qinghuai
Published: June 2023

Objective: In this study, the driving factors of complications in patients with moyamoya disease after revascularization are analyzed and discussed. Methods: A total of 1500 cases with moyamoya disease after revascularization in Yunan Shuifu People’s Hosptial and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital from November 2017 to November 2022 were selected retrospectively, and they were divided into an observation group (with postoperative complications) and a control group (with no complications), resulting in 313 cases and 1187 cases in each group, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to screen out independent risk factors for complications in patients with moyamoya disease after revascularization. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the proportion of patients with cerebral ischemia, history of hypertension, and modified Rankin scale (mRs) score of 3-5 in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Complications were used as the dependent variable, and the indicators with statistically significant differences based on the univariate analysis were included as independent variables in the logistic regression analysis. The results showed that the first symptoms before operation were cerebral ischemia, history of hypertension, and mRs score of 3 to 5 were risk factors for complications in patients with moyamoya disease after revascularization, and there were significant differences in the data (OR = 1.781, 1.811, 1.859, all P < 0.05). Conclusion: Cerebral ischemia is the first symptom before operation, and history of hypertension and mRs score of 3 to 5 are all risk factors for complications in patients with moyamoya disease after revascularization. Therefore, clinical prevention should be strengthened, and corresponding treatment measures should be given in time to reduce the risk of postoperative complications in patients with moyamoya disease.
The main directions of research and development of BSTU «VOENMEH» named after D. F. Ustinov on the subject of small spacecraft and some results
Authors: Kislitsky M. I.
Published: June 2023

The development of small spacecrafts requires the solution of a number of new scientific and technical problems. The main directions of research and development of the Baltic State Technical University «VOENMEH» named after D. F .Ustinov on solving the problems of creating small spacecrafts, deploying and maintaining orbital constellations of the small spacecrafts, and managing orbital groupings are presented. Some results of these works are presented, in particular, the preliminary design of a small space tug with an innovative two-component gas rocket engine powered by oxygen and hydrogen, operated in conjunction with an ultralight class launch vehicle. Small space tug solves the problems of interorbital transportation of the small spacecrafts. It has no analogues in the russian rocket and space technology. Variants of ballistically coupled groups of small spacecrafts are presented that can ensure the formation of a stable quasi-stationary distributed aperture in orbits in order to increase the efficiency of space communication systems and remote sensing of the Earth. The development of an innovative actuator – a two-axis rotary platform based on piezoelectric drives is presented. This device significantly exceeds traditional electromechanical devices based on electric drives in terms of weight, dimensions, dynamic characteristics and other parameters. The variants of the application of this rotary platform as part of the service and target systems of the small spacecrafts are considered. It is shown how this can provide a significant increase in the tactical and technical characteristics of the small spacecrafts.
Assessment of vibration suppression methods for spacecraft electric pump unit
Authors: Shirobokov O. V. , Matveev S. A. , Slobodzyan N. S. , Gorbunov A. V.
Published: June 2023

This article characterizes the spacecraft as a means of performing various tasks, including by precision equipment. Emphasis is placed on vibration as one of the influencing factors and on the need for a low level of vibration on the spacecraft. Among the side effects of the electric pump unit of the thermal control system, the urgent task is to reduce vibration activity when developing a new model for advanced spacecraft. An integrated approach to solving the problem is indicated with the consideration of electric pump unit as a system and the selection of several directions to achieve the root-mean square value of vibration acceleration of 0,01g and below. Possible methods for reducing vibration activity in each of the directions and implemented solutions in the developed sample are described in detail. On several versions of electric pump unit for experimental determination of the level of root-mean square value vibration acceleration at a frequency of 5–1000 Hz. According to the results of the experiment, the contribution to the reduction of vibroactivity in several directions is estimated. It is concluded that only an integrated approach makes it possible to achieve a very low level of vibration activity of electric pump unit.
Klasifikasi Covid-19 Pada Citra CT-Scan Dengan Mengombinasikan Metode Convolutional Neural Network Dan Support Vector Machine
Authors: Ramadhani Erita Putri , Rochmawati Naim
Published: June 2023

Covid-19 adalah jenis penyakit menular dengan cepat yang disebabkan oleh virus corona yang mewabah pada akhir Desember 2019. Dalam mendeteksi Covid-19 perlu adanya pemeriksaan dengan tes swab, RT-PCR,  Chest X-Ray dan CT Scan. Hasil citra CT-Scan memilki kualitas jelas dibanding pemeriksaan lainnya. Untuk hasil yang lebih jelas dalam mengklasifikasi Covid-19 pada pasien dengan menggunakan pendekatan machine learning pada citra CT-Scan paru-paru. Metode machine learning yang digunakan yaitu metode Convolutional Neural Network untuk melakukan proses ekstraksi fitur dan metode Support Vector Machine untuk proses klasifikasi citra Covid-19. Pada tahap klasifikasi Covid-19 pada citra CT-Scan paru-paru terdapat beberapa tahapan proses utama yaitu pendeskripsian data, pra-pemrosesan, ekstraksi fitur dan klasifikasi. Kelas atau label pada data yang digunakan yakni kelas covid dan no covid. Sehingga hasil dari proses pengujian dalam mengombinasikan metode CNN dan SVM didapatkan akurasi sebesar 97.39%, precision sebesar 97.36%, recall sebesar 97.43%, f1-score sebesar 97.39% dan auc sebesar 97.43% dengan parameter CNN yaitu optimizer adam dan parameter SVM yaitu kernel Poly, nilai Degree sebesar 5, nilai Gamma sebesar 1 dan C sebesar 10.

Kata Kunci—Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Network, Support Vector Machine, Covid-19.
Analisis Perbandingan Metode Burkhard Keller Tree dan SymSpell dalam Spell Correction Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Ferdiansyah Muhammad Hafizh , Nuryana I Kadek Dwi
Published: June 2023

Dalam pembuatan sistem spell correction banyak faktor yang perlu diperhatikan untuk membuat sistem yang efektif dan berkualitas, salah satunya adalah kecepatan dan kebutuhan sistem. Beberapa metode dapat diterapkan untuk membuat sistem ini. Salah satu metode yang sering ditemui adalah Burkhar Keller Tree atau BK Tree. BK Tree merupakan metode populer yang digunakan dalam sistem spell correction karena kemudahannya, kemudian ada metode Symmetric Delete Spelling Correction atau SymSpell yang dikatakan memiliki kinerja yang sangat baik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji dan menganalisa kinerja dari kedua metode tersebut sebagai sistem spell correction untuk Bahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian dengan kamus berisi 1.597.416 kosakata membuktikan metode BK Tree memiliki kinerja kecepatan yang lebih rendah dimana dalam pengujian catatan waktu tertinggi metode ini menyentuh 52 detik, namun metode memiliki kebutuhan sistem yang lebih kecil. Sedangkan metode SymSpell memiliki kinerja kecapatan yang jauh lebih cepat dengan nilai catatan waktu dalam pengujian tertinggi adalah 0.05 detik, namun kebutuhan sistem yang lebih besar. Pada pengujian akurasi didapatkan bahwa kedua metode memiliki hasil yang sama dengan rata-rata nilai accuracy, precision, dan recall secara berurutan sebesar 0,95, 0,89, dan 0,73. Dalam penelitian juga diketahui pentingnya sumber corpus yang digunakan untuk menyusun kamus, dimana penggunaan corpus yang bersumber dari Wikipedia Indonesia yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini masih kurang tepat karena masih ditemukannya kata-kata yang salah dalam penulisan dalam corpus tersebut.
The Effectiveness Of Giving Quiz At The Beginning Of Learning In The Discovery Learning Model On Learning Outcomes Students In Class XI IPA Of SMA Negeri 3 Pangkep (Buffer Solution Material)
Authors: Hekin Yasinta Bungkang , Sulatry Taty , Allo Eda Lolo
Published: June 2023

A quiz at the beginning of learning is very important to assess students’ learning readiness. Readiness to learn is a condition that must be owned by students because it will make it easier for students to accept and understand the material presented. Good learning readiness will also encourage students to be active in the learning process to improve student learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the level of effectiveness of giving quizzes at the beginning of quiz-assisted learning in the discovery learning model on student learning outcomes in the buffer solution material. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 3 Pangkep in class XI IPA 2 with a total of 30 students. Data collection is done by presenting a quiz at the beginning of each lesson, a final test as an evaluation, observing student activities, and observing the implementation of learning. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis. Learning is said to be effective if students’ learning outcomes are at an N-gain of 0.3 to 1.00. The results showed that the average value of normalized gain was 0.45 in the medium category. Therefore, the provision of quizzes at the beginning of learning is assisted by media quizzes on the discovery learning model that is effective in the learning outcomes of students in class XI IPA at SMA Negeri 3 Pangkep on the subject matter of buffers.A quiz at the beginning of learning is very important to assess students’ learning readiness. Readiness to learn is a condition that must be owned by students because it will make it easier for students to accept and understand the material presented. Good learning readiness will also encourage students to be active in the learning process to improve student learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the level of effectiveness of giving quizzes at the beginning of quiz-assisted learning in the discovery learning model on student learning outcomes in the buffer solution material. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 3 Pangkep in class XI IPA 2 with a total of 30 students. Data collection is done by presenting a quiz at the beginning of each lesson, a final test as an evaluation, observing student activities, and observing the implementation of learning. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis. Learning is said to be effective if students’ learning outcomes are at an N-gain of 0.3 to 1.00. The results showed that the average value of normalized gain was 0.45 in the medium category. Therefore, the provision of quizzes at the beginning of learning is assisted by media quizzes on the discovery learning model that is effective in the learning outcomes of students in class XI IPA at SMA Negeri 3 Pangkep on the subject matter of buffers.
EMLÉKEZÉS ORSZÁGH LÁSZLÓRA
Authors: Virágos Zsolt , Virágos Márta
Published: June 2023

László Országh was an educator in a varied and exceptionally broad sense of the word.  Throughout an intense professional career and a lifetime of prolific achievement of over half a century he turned out to be a man of many talents, as well as an intellectual of numerous vocations and avocations: secondary-school teacher, university professor, lexicographer, a teacher of English studies and American literatures, as well as the founder and initiator of the discipline of American Studies in Hungary.
'EZ A KIS REMÉNYTELEN VÁROS ITT’ – NÉMETALFÖLD OKTATÁSI KAPCSOLATAI OLMÜTZ-CEL
Authors: Wilken Engelbrecht
Published: June 2023

2022-ben volt éppen 75 éve, hogy Aimé van Santent, Csehszlovákia 1945 augusztusi felszabadulása után újonnan megnyitott holland prágai misszió első titkárát, kinevezték az Olmützi Egyetem holland tanárának 1947 februárjában. Jelen tanulmány Olmütz és Németalföld kapcsolatát vizsgálja a 16. századtól kezdve a 20. századon keresztül, illetve bemutatja a holland nyelv oktatásának 1947-es kezdeti körülményeit.