bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hymenopteran fauna inhabiting K.T.H.M. College Campus, Nashik, Maharashtra
Authors: Gurule Sachin Arjun , Jadhav Tushar Ananda , Gangurde Jyoti Haribhau
Published: June 2020

Inventory of wasps, bees and carpenter bees belongs to order hymenoptera was prepared by collecting naturally dead specimens from KTHM College campus, Nashik during the July 2015 to February 2016. In the present study 25 species belonging to 19 genus and 11 families of Hymenoptera have been recorded. Of which total 11 species identified upto species level and remaining given morpho-species Genus (sp.) label. The identification of species was done by following keys of existing literature and confirmed by comparing the specimens in collection department of Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), Mumbai. Family apidae and vespidae found to be dominating families. Dominance of four species Apis dorsata, A. cerena indica, Thyrus ramosus, Amegila sp. was observed in terms of population, due to plentiful nector yielding plants in the college campus. The families Xylocopidae and Sphecidae were represented by 3 species each. Families Chrysididae,
Ichneumonidae and Braconidae were represented by single Stibum sp., Coelichmeumon sp. and Cremnops sp. respectively.
An Approach to the study of vessels climber species
Authors: Khandagale R.R. , Auti B.K.
Published: June 2020

The angiosperms are characterized by vessels in wood, and therefore, vessel elements were selected to study them in climber species. Xylem is the specialized tissue that transports water and nutrients from the plant–soil interface to stem and leaves and provides mechanical support and storage. Water is the primary solvent for plant nutrition and metabolism and is essential for photosynthesis, turgor and for transport of minerals, hormones and other molecules. Studies on vessels showed that the characters of vessels can throw some light on the phylogeny of species. The short vessel members with many perforation plates with a single large perforation are most specialized and those that were long with elongate obliquely placed perforation plates with many perforations separated by bars that together give a scalariform appearance are primitive. The degree of specialization of vessel elements can be measured in terms of vessel length, breadth and the number of bars on the end plate of vessels. Vessels show highly evolved and primitive vessel elements. Mostly elongated vessel elements are present in middle region of the stem. During this study the broadest vessels were found in the middle part of the stem of dicots (Clitoria, Daemia and Aristolochia) and root of the monocots (Gloriosa) and the narrowest vessel elements were found in
different parts of the species investigated. The present work is supported with line drawings of prepared stained sections, provides a framework of the vessels. This study will be very useful to a wideseries of community, who work with plants.
Studies on Fungal of Diseases of Cassia fistula and control measures in Nurseries and
Plantation in Jalgaon District (M.S.) India
Authors: Firdousi S. A.
Published: June 2020

During the extensive and intensive survey of the forest fungal disease of Cassia fistula growing in the road side, field, scrub forest near natural forest, plantations and nurseries, about nine type of fungal and bacterial diseases were recorded during 2017-2019. The diseases : wilt, leaf spot, leaf and stem rot were recorded in different study sites in the different seasons.
The causal organism (Pathogens) were identified as Alternaria alternate, Fusarium solani, Phloespora cassia, Ganoderma lucidum and Pseudo sercospora.
KEMAMPUAN MENULIS ARGUMENTASI MAHASISWA Survei pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Fisika Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta
Authors: Sulistiyono Roni
Published: June 2020

This research is aimed to determine the correlation between (1) grammatical competency and the ability in writing argumentation, (2) attitude toward Indonesian language and the ability in writing argumentation, (3) grammatical competency and attitude toward Indonesian language and the ability in writing argumentation.The research was conducted at Physic Education, Ahmad Dahlan University, from July to October 2010. The research used descriptive of correlation. The research population was the second semester at Physic Education. The sample consisted of 40 university students who were taken by using purposive random sampling. The instruments for collecting the data in this research are test of writing argumentation, multiple choice test in grammatical competency, and questioner test in attitude toward Indonesian language. The instruments validity test used product moment and r point biserial. The instruments reliability test used KR-20 and alpha cronbach. The technique analysis for analyzing the data was the statistical technique of regression and correlation. The result of the study showes that: (1) there is a positive correlation between grammatical competency and the ability in writing argumentation (= 0,84  at the level of significance α = 0,05 with N= 40 where tt = 1,68); (2) there is a positive correlation between attitude toward Indonesian language and the ability in writing argumentation ( = 0,42 at the level of significance α = 0,05 with N= 40 where tt = 1,68); (3) there is a positive correlation between grammatical competency and attitude toward Indonesian language and the ability in writing argumentation (Ry.1.2 = 0,87 at the level of significance α = 0,05 with N= 40 where ft = 3,25). The result above shows that grammatical competency and attitude toward Indonesian language give significant contribution to the ability in writing argumentation. It shows that both of variables can become good predictors for the ability in writing argumentation.The analysis also indicates that the correlation between grammatical competency and the ability in writing argumentation is stronger than attitude toward Indonesian language and the ability in writing argumentation. It shows that grammatical competency can be a better predictor for the ability in writing argumentation. This reality brings consequence in learning the ability in writing argumentation, so teacher has to make priority in order to increase grammatical competency in learning the ability in writing argumentation than attitude toward Indonesian language.
ANALISIS CERPEN BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN ORIENTASI PEMBACA
Authors: Rozak Abdul
Published: June 2020

Teori orientasi-pembaca menekankan pada peran pembaca. Pembacalah  sebetulnya yang menghidupkan teks sastra itu. Pada saat pembaca berinteraksi dengan teks pembaca membawa serta apa yang ada di kepalanya; pengalamannya, perasaannya, harapannya, identitasnya. Atas dasar inilah prinsip teori ini berkisar teks, pembaca, transaksi, konstruksi, proses baca, konstruksi sosial, komunitas interpretasi. Selanjutnya, teori orientasi pembaca tersebut menjadi landasan menganalisis cerpen “Umi Kulsum”.
Rancangan Pendidikan Berkarakter dalam Upaya Menyongsong Era Informatika
Authors: Saraswati Ekarini
Published: June 2020

Era informatika akan segera menyerbu dunia kehidupan global. Internet akan dianggap sebagai kebutuhan sehari-hari sebagaimana halnya telepon genggam saat ini. Untuk mengantisipasi keadaan itu, maka kita perlu mempersiapkan diri untuk tidak terjebak dalam situasi sosial yang kaku yang membatasi hubungan antar manusia secara alami. Dalam hal ini pendidikan hendaknya tetap dalam upayanya membentuk manusia yang berkarakter.
FUNGSI DIDAKTIS SASTRA DALAM PEMBINAAN AKHLAK MANUSIA
Authors: Suyatmi Titiek
Published: June 2020

Karya sastra merupakan fakta historis yang berisi pemikiran manusia. Karena itu, pendidikan sastra memiliki posisi penting dalam pembinaan akhlak manusia. Melalui berbagai konstruk pemikiran dan ancangan pendekatan, pendidikan sastra dapat berfungsi sebagai sarana pembinaan akhlak manusia.Pendidikan sastra yang dapat berperan seperti itu adalah pengajaran dan pendidikan sastra yang mengajarkan siswa tentang manusia, aspek-aspek humanitas nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalam sastra, dan bagaimana menghayati nilai-nilai tersebut. Pengajaran sastra seharusnya lebih menekankan aspek afektif dan bukan aspek kognitif.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STAD (STUDENT TEAMS-ACHIEVMENT DIVISIONS) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS SURAT DINAS SISWA KELAS VIII DI SMP NEGERI SE-KECAMATAN PANYINGKIRAN KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA TAHUN AJARAN 2013/2014
Authors: Khoerudin Iyay Robia , Titin Neneng , Kiyamudin Eki
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan menulis surat dinas siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri Se-Kecamatan Panyingkiran Kabupaten Majalengka, mengetahui kemampuan menulis surat dinas dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran STAD (Student Teams-Achievment Divisions) siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri Se-Kecamatan Panyingkiran Kabupaten Majalengka, serta menjelaskan efektifitas model pembelajaran STAD (Student Teams-Achievment Divisions) untuk meningkatkan  pengajaran menulis surat dinas siswa Kelas VIII di SMP Negeri Se-Kecamatan Panyingkiran Kabupaten Majalengka.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan metode eksperimen Pre test-Post test Control Group Design, populasinya yaitu SMP Negeri Se-Kecamatan Panyingkiran Kabupaten Majalengka tahun ajaran 2013/2014, sedangkan  sampelnya ditentukan melalui teknik simple random sampling yaitu kelas VIII G SMP Negeri 2 Panyingkiran sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII B SMP Negeri 1 Panyingkiran sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan tes tertulis tes awal dan tes akhir, kuesioner, lembar observasi guru dan siswa, setelah data diperoleh maka dilakukan analisis data. Data kuesioner dan observasi dianalisis dalam bentuk uraian sedangkan data tes dianalisis dengan statistik dan di deskripsikan.Berdasarkan perhitungan statistik program SPSS 16.0 diperoleh hasil uji t pretes pada kedua kelas tersebut memiliki nilai t=5.429 derajat kebebasan (df)=n-1=38 nilai probability (sig 2-tailed) sebesar 0,000.  Hal ini berarti t hitung <0,005. Artinya 0,000<0,05, pada uji t ini bahwasanya pretes pada kedua kelas terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dengan kelas kontrol.  Apabila ditinjau dari segi rata-rata pretes eksperimen lebih efektif daripada kelas kontrol. Hal ini terbukti dari rata-ratanya pretes kelas eksperimen 64,8 kelas kontrol 62,3 selisih rata-rata 2,5. Sedangkan rata-rata postes kelas eksperimen 81,2 dan kelas kontrol 69 terjadi selisih postes 12,2.
STRUKTUR TEKS DAN UNSUR KONTEKS ANEKDOT GUS DUR SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PEMILIHAN BAHAN PEMEBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMA
Authors: Wiradinata Rochanda , Titin Neneng , Zuhri Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Teks - termasuk teks anekdot-berperan penting dalam komunikasi lisan, tulisan, maupun multimodal, serta kajian dan penggunaannya di berbagai sektor, termasuk sektor pendidikan. Sedangkan konteks, sebagai wahana informasi yang berada di sekitar pemakaian bahasa, konteks mempunyai fungsi yang sangat penting karena semua pemakaiaian bahasa mempunyai konteks. Sementara KH Abdurrahman Wahid, Presiden ke-4 RI (Gus Dur), sebagai Tokoh Nasional dikenal banyak kalangan kerap kali mengungkapkan anekdot yang lucu, mengegelitik skaligus kritis. Maka analisis Analisis Teks dan Konteks Anekdot-anekdot Gus Dur dan Pemanfaatannya untuk Bahan Pembelajaran Membaca Di SMA, ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan acuan untuk pembelajaran teks cerita serta sebagai khazanah dan alternatif dalam pembelajaran  teks cerita di SMA.Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, masalah yang dirumuskan sebagai berikut: (1) Bagaimana struktur teks yang terdapat dalam anekdot-anekdot Gus Dur? (2) Bagaimana konteks situasi dan konteks sosial-budaya yang terdapat dalam anekdot-anekdot Gus Dur? (3) Bagaimana pemanfaatan hasil analisis teks dan konteks anekdot-anekdot Gus Dur pada pembelajaran membaca mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA?Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) Mendeskripsikan hasil analisis teks anekdot-anekdot Gus Dur. (2) Mendeskripsikan hasil analisis konteks situasi dan konteks sosial-budaya anekdot- anekdot Gus Dur. (3) Mendapatkan gambaran tentang manfaat teks dan konteks anekdot-anekdot Gus Dur untuk Bahan Pembelajaran membaca mata pelajaran  bahasa Indonesia di SMA.Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu data yang dikumpulkan adalah berupa kata-kata, gambar, dan bukan angka-angka. Selain itu, semua yang dikumpulkan berkemungkinan menjadi kunci terhadap apa yang telah diteliti (Moleong, 2006:11). Menurut Miles (1992:15-16), metode penelitian kualitatif merupakan prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data-data deskriptif yang berupa kata-kata tertulis maupun lisan dari orang-orang dan perilaku yang dapat diamati.
POLITIK BAHASA INDONESIA DARI PRAKEMERDEKAAN DAN PASCAKEMERDEKAAN
Authors: Juanda -
Published: June 2020

Bahasa Indonesia memunyai nilai-nilai historis kejuangan sehingga perlu direflesikan kedudukan dan fungsinya. Prakemerdekaan, bahasa Indonesia dijadikan sebagai alat perjuangan dan persatuan bangsa, sedangkan pascakemerdekaan dijadikan sebagai bahasa nasional dan resmi Negara, yang diatur melalui berbagai kebijakan bahasa.  Merefleksikan kedudukan dan fungsinya dari prakemerdekaan dan pascakemerdekaan masih sangat relevan. Persoalan bahasa, apalagi memasuki era globalisasi, tidaklah lebih kompleks daripada persoalan hukum, politik, ekonomi, pendidikan, dan sebagainya. Kebijakanbahasa bisa menjadi salah satu alternatif melindungi, membina, dan mengembangkan bahasa nasional.
KEEFEKTIFAN METODE SQ3R BERBASIS TEKS BERNILAI BUDAYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN
Authors: Wiradinata Rochanda , Jaja - , Apippudin -
Published: June 2020

Pembelajaran membaca pemahaman merupakan  proses pembelajaran membaca yang menitikberatkan pada penguasaan teks atau pemahaman teks yang dibaca serta kemampuan siswa dalam menjawab beberapa pertanyaan yang diberikan oleh guru ataupun pertanyaan yang muncul pada diri peserta didik setelah membaca wacana teks. Meski demikian, untuk menumbuhkan pertanyaan ataupun menjawab pertanyaan, diperlukan usaha optimal didalam memahami wacana teks yang telah diberikan, oleh karena itu menentukan satu strategi bagaimana memahami wacana teks dengan menggunakan metode membaca adalah satu keniscayaan.Beragam metode membaca yang dirumuskan untuk memahami wacana teks dengan hasil pemahaman optimal, salah satunya adalah metode membaca SQ3R. Metode membaca ini menawarkan cara membaca dengan cara meneliti seluruh isi teks (survey), menyusun pertanyaan yang bersumber dari teks ( question),  membaca teks secara aktif (read), memahami jawaban yang telah ditemukan (recite),  dan meninjau ulang seluruh jawaban (revieuw).Metode membaca SQ3R yang digunakan dalam roses pembelajaran membaca pemahaman dalam penelitian ini, diharapkan bisa membantu meningkatkan hasil pemahaman bagi siswa asal Thailand yang sedang menempuh pendidikan di pondok pesantren Husnul Khotimah Kuningan Jawa Barat.Disamping itu, untuk lebih mengenalkan budaya warisan leluhur bangsa Indonesia, dalam penerapan metode membaca SQ3R, wacana teks yang digunakan adalah wacana teks yang bernilai atau berisikan budaya bangsa Indonesia. dengan demikian siswa asal Thailand tersebut disamping meningkat kemampuan memahami bacaan , juga tumbuh rasa solidaritas negeri serumpun dan meminimalisir kesalahfahaman dalam hal budaya.Dengan demikian wacana teks yang bernilai budaya yang digunakan sebagai media untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman bagi siswa asal Thailand di pondok pesantren Husnul Khotimah Kuningan Jawa Barat, juga bisa digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran di lembaga tersebut bagi seluruh siswanya.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE KEPALA BERNOMOR TERSTRUKTUR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA CERITA ANAK PADA SISWA SD TAHUN PELAJARAN 2014/2015
Authors: Kaerudin - , Rozak Abdul
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran membaca cerita anak dengan model kooperatif tipe kepala bernomor terstruktur, mendeskripsikan efektivitas penggunaan model kepala bernomor terstruktur, dan mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan membaca cerita anak siswa kelas V Kecamatan Weru Kabupaten Cirebon. Pemecahan masalahnya dengan mengujicobakan model kooperatif tipe kepala bernomor terstruktur. Melalui model kooperatif tipe kepala bernnomor terstruktur, siswa diarahkan dapat belajar dan bekerja dalam kelompok-kelompok kecil secara kolaboratif sehingga dapat merangsang siswa untuk lebih aktif dalam belajar. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri se-Kecamatan Weru Kabupaten Cirebon, sedangkan sampel yang ditetapkan yaitu untuk Gugus Dewi Sartika yaitu SDN 1 Weru Kidul, Gugus Jendral Sudirman yaitu SDN 2 Setu Kulon. Kedua sekolah tersebut dijadikan kelas eksperimen. Selanjutnya, Gugus Mohamad Hatta yaitu SDN 1 Kertasari dan Gugus Mohamad Toha yaitu SDN 3 Tegalwangi sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa lembar observasi aktivitas siswa dan guru, serta tes kemampuan membaca cerita anak. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data aktivitas siswa dan guru, serta data kemampuan siswa dalam membaca cerita anak. Hasil penelitian tentang pembelajaran membaca cerita anak dengan model kooperatif tipe kepala bernomor terstruktur sebagai berikut. Proses pembelajaran membaca cerita anak menggunakan model kooperatif tipe kepala bernomor terstruktur mampu meningkatkan kemampuan memahami isi cerita dan aktivitas siswa dalam belajar. Dengan demikian, model kooperatif tipe kepala bernomor terstruktur efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran membaca cerita anak di Kelas V SD se-Kecamatan Weru Kabupaten Cirebon Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015. Profil kemampuan membaca cerita anak di Kelas V SD se-Kecamatan Weru hampir sama yaitu siswa sudah baik dalam menentukan tokoh, karakter tokoh, dan latar. Untuk menentukan tema dan amanat perlu ditingkatkan lagi.
Evaluation of Violence and its Management Experienced by Emergency Medical Service Workers in Lithuania’s Biggest Cities
Authors: Neniškytė Renata , Grigaliūnienė Viktorija
Published: June 2020

The purpose was to investigate violence experienced in work environment by emergency medical service workers of Lithuania’s biggest cities and methods of violence management.Methods – Questionnaire survey.Relevance of the research.  Violence and aggression in the workplace affect many fields and workers of different levels. However, healthcare sector has the highest risk of experiencing violence. In recent years, it was found that healthcare specialists were under substantial risk of experiencing violence from patients or their companions and it raises concern about the medical personnel. Although workers may experience violence and aggression in every healthcare field, it is more likely for the specialists providing emergency medical aid. Therefore, it is of great importance to put efforts into protecting emergency care providers and patients from incidents of aggression or violence in order to deliver quality care for the patients. The objective of this study was to explore violence in the workplace experienced by Lithuania’s biggest cities emergency medical service workers and ways it can be managed.Research results and conclusions. After the analysis of the survey results it was found that emergency medical service workers of Lithuania’s biggest cities most frequently experience violence in form of verbal aggression (on average 57 times a year), provocative aggressive behaviours (22 times a year) and threats (20 times a year). The rarest form of violence experienced was sexual harassment.After analysing the responses, it was noted that emergency medical service providers of Lithuania’s biggest cities experienced violence from patients in more than half of all cases and in about one third of cases of violence it was received from relatives. It should also be noted that a small part (one-tenth of all cases) of violence was received from colleagues at work.In situations of violence, emergency medical service workers try to hide their fear and do not retreat, they remain close to the exit door and try to reduce excessive triggers and noises that could escalate frustration.Keywords: violence, ambulance, aggression.
Orta Anadolu’nun Doğusunda Bir Topluluk: Kayalıpınar İnsanları
Authors: SARI İbrahim , SAĞIR Mehmet
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada, Sivas İli Yıldızeli İlçesi’nde yer alan ve Helenistik-Erken Bizans dönemine tarihlendirilen Kayalıpınar topluluğunun nüfus dinamikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı Kayalıpınar topluluğunun demografik özelliklerinin ortaya çıkarılması ve aynı döneme ait eski Anadolu toplulukları ile olan benzerliklerinin ve/veya farklılıklarının tespit edilmesidir. Farklı mezarlardan açığa çıkarılan toplam 211 bireye ait iskelet kalıntısı çalışmanın materyallerini oluşturmaktadır. Toplulukta kadın sayısı erkeklerden fazladır. Bebek ve çocuk ölümlülüğü (% 18,48) birçok topluma göre oldukça düşüktür. Erişkinler arasında, orta erişkin yaş grubundaki birey sayısı her iki cinsiyette de daha fazladır. Ölümler kadınlarda 20-25 yaş, erkeklerde ise 35-40 yaş aralığında yoğunlaşmıştır. Yaşamın ilk beş yılı içerisindeki bireyler için hesaplanan yaşam beklentisi 28,24 yıldır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, bu eski insan topluluğunun nüfus yapısını ve profilini aydınlatması bakımından dikkat çekici bilgiler sağlamıştır.
Microbiota and Parkinson's disease (overview)
Authors: Tyutina R. R. , Pilipovich A. A. , Golubev V. L. , Danilov Al. B.
Published: June 2020

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by both motor (hypokinesia, resting tremor, rigidity, postural instability) and non-motor symptoms. It is known that some non-motor manifestations, such as disturbances in smell, sleep, depression, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and others, may precede motor symptoms. Replenishment of dopamine deficiency, which, as known, develops in PD due to the death of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, makes it possible to influence most motor and some non-motor symptoms of parkinsonism, however many non-motor manifestations remain resistant to this therapy. In addition, it has only a symptomatic effect, and the pathogenetic treatment of PD is currently unavailable, which is primarily due to insufficient knowledge about the etiology and mechanisms of the development of the disease. In particular, it has already been established that alpha synuclein (a pathomorphological marker of PD) begins to be deposited in the intestinal wall, in the enteric nervous system (ENS) long before it appears in neurons of the substantia nigra. Understanding the mechanism of interaction along the axis “intestine – brain”, the role of intestinal wall dysfunction in the onset and development of PD can lead to the development of new directions in the treatment of this disease. Today, the role of microbiota, in particular the intestinal microbiota, in the functioning of the human body, its various systems, including the nervous system, is widely studied in the world. The influence of its imbalance on the activation of inflammatory reactions in the ENS and the possibility of the subsequent development of PD are considered. This review provides some evidence supporting the hypothesis that PD can be initiated in the gut. In addition, the possibilities of influencing the course of BP using pre-, pro-, syn- and metabiotics are considered.
Role of biometals in pathogenesis treatment of Parkinson's disease (overview)
Authors: Pilipovich A. A. , Golubev V. L. , Danilov Al. B. , Tyutina R. R.
Published: June 2020

The role of exogenous factors in the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases has been shown in many works: on the effects of radiation, neurotoxicants, pesticides and other organic and inorganic substances. One of the interesting and promising areas for studying the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration is the analysis of the composition and ratio of trace elements in various tissues and organs of a person. The influence of trace elements on the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is given special attention, since such patients show multiple disorders in the homeostasis of the main endogenous brain biometals (calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, etc.). On the one hand, in a cell or its components, where metals play a key role in biological processes, a metal deficiency can occur, on the other hand, metals can accumulate in pathological proteins, causing cell dysfunction and death. Protein aggregation is a common feature of all neurodegenerative diseases. Specific changes in the concentration of biometals in various environments of the body can be considered as early biomarkers of neurodegenerations. And the identification of reliable biomarkers is considered a paramount task for the development of the direction of early therapy and prevention of the disease, in particular PD. A change in the distribution of metal, cell deficiency and sequestration in pathological proteins are abnormalities that must be addressed during neurodegeneration. Currently, approximately 800 compounds are used or tested for the treatment of PD, of which approximately 250 have the expected or established chelation properties of metals (CuII, CuI, FeII, FeIII, MnII, ZnII) that are involved in dyshomeostasis in PD. Today's knowledge of the pathogenesis of the most common neurodegenerations, such as AD and PD, is still not enough to develop clear recommendations for therapy with biometals and other trace elements, but work in this direction is actively ongoing.
Combined therapy of pain syndromes: rationale and prospects for potentiation of effects
Authors: Knorring G. Yu. , Aliev Z. K.
Published: June 2020

Pain syndrome accompanies absolute majority of diseases, therefore problems of adequate anesthesia remain acute not only for urgent conditions but also for everyday medical practice. Modern approaches of anesthetic therapy should consider not only pathogenic mechanisms of evolving pain syndrome by a certain patient but also necessity to administer drug combinations. It allows potentiating an analgesic effect, to decrease effective dosages of individual drugs and minimize adverse effects. The administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs together with B vitamins and tolperisone is justified in a marked pain syndrome with a spastic component and/or spasms of skeletal muscles, muscle contractures, myofascial pain syndromes, as well in rehabilitation therapy after orthopedic and traumatology surgeries. The article considers pathogenic details of such combined therapy, discloses mechanism of synergic action of the proposed drug combination.
Use of muscle relaxants and neurostimulation of treminal system in treatment of chronic daily headache
Authors: Barulin A. E. , Kurushina O. V. , Kalinchenko B. M.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of practical medicine – the treatment of primary cephalgia. The prevalence of chronic tension headache among the population of European countries is extremely high. Primary headaches are on the list of the most common causes of disability in all over the world. At the same time, existing treatment methods are often not able to completely cure this pain syndrome. In this work, the authors conducted a study on a new approach in the treatment of chronic daily headache: a combination of the non-pharmacological approach – stimulation of the trigeminal system using the Cefaly and the medication – the use of Kalmirex myorelaxant.

In 61 patients with chronic daily headache, the effectiveness of the proposed approach was shown both in the relief of pain and in positive changes in the psychoemotional status and quality of life of patients.
Comorbidity of peptic ulcer disease and osteoporosis in aspect of calcium regulatory system
Authors: Fomina L. A. , Chernin V. V. , Fomina M. P.
Published: June 2020

The comorbidity of various diseases requires the use of drugs that affect common etiological and pathogenetic aspects, which reduces the risk of side-effect.

The Aim.Find out the state of calcium regulating system in the comorbidity of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) with osteoporosis (OP), and the effect of their shifts on the acid secretion and regional microcirculation.

Materials and methods.We examined 10 patients with comorbid relapse PUD with OP and a group of patients corresponding to them by gender, age and location of the ulcer, only with a relapse of PUD. In all patients, except for clinical and endoscopic studies, the levels of parathyrin, calcitonin, calcium and phosphorus in the blood were studied, the secretory function of the stomach, densitometry was performed.

Results.Relapse of ulcer was characterized by a increase in parathyroid hormone and calcium, a decrease in blood phosphorus. These changes were more pronounced in patients with a comorbidity of PUD with OP and were accompanied by an increase in acid secretion and regional microcirculation.

Conclusion.The comorbidity of PUD with OP is accompanied by functional changes in calcium regulating system, which is one of the common pathogenetic mechanisms of these conditions and requires correction in their treatment.
Alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Eryomina E. Yu.
Published: June 2020

The article represents contemporary data on the illness development mechanisms, the main disease manifestation forms and the treatment methods of the alcoholic liver disease. It also covers the disease progression reasons and the main risk factors.
Results of protective action of antioxidants on liver in experimental hypothyroidism
Authors: Erkenova L. D. , Dzhikaev G. D. , Kubanova A. B. , Bayramkulov E. D. , Kogotyzheva M. A.
Published: June 2020

The work was performed on experimental material. A model of hypothyroidism was obtained in 66 white rats, males of the Wistar strain, by thyroidectomy. Healthy rats aged 8–9 months weighing 250–300 g were selected for the experiment. The operation was performed under general anesthesia. Both thyroid lobes were removed. For histological examination, pieces of gland tissue were taken from both lobes. Pieces were fixed in a 10 % buffered formalin solution for 10 days, then histopreparations were prepared in the standard way. Histological examination revealed diffuse myxedema edema, severe vascular disorders (plethora, stasis, diapedetic hemorrhage), degenerative and destructive changes in hepatocytes, collicative necrosis, plasmolysis, the formation of cavities filled with edematous fluid, atrophy and thinning of the liver beams. When antioxidants α–tocopherol and mexidol are introduced in the postoperative period, stereotypic changes occur: myxedema, vascular disorders, dystrophic and destructive changes, lymphocytic infiltrates, however, these changes occur much later (on the 28th day), are focal in nature, the intensity of edema less pronounced, few lymphocytic infiltrates. When using antioxidants, an increase in reparative processes is observed: the multiplication of binuclear hepatocytes, the proliferation of fibroblasts with the formation of foci of sclerosis.
Choosing optimal cerebroprotection strategy for polymorbid stroke patient
Authors: Ostroumova O. D. , Alyautdinova I. A. , Ostroumova T. M. , Ebzeeva E. Yu. , Pavleeva E. E.
Published: June 2020

The clinical example in this article shows the successful experience of using the neuroprotective agent citicoline (Noocyl) in a comorbid patient after an ischemic stroke with motor and cognitive impairment in combination with antihypertensive, hypolipidemic, and antiplatelet therapy. High efficiency and good tolerance of this drug, the ability to improve cognitive and motor processes are shown.
New approaches to managing patients with high total risk (review of year 2019 recommendations)
Authors: Orlova N. V. , Pinchuk T. V. , Laperishvili M. A. , Goryaynova S. V.
Published: June 2020

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The current recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) – 2019 are based on the results of large multicenter clinical trials that have proven the effectiveness of more stringent approaches to the management of patients with high cardiovascular risk. New regimens of drug therapy, the definition of new target values for blood pressure, blood lipid levels and the correction of hyperglycemia, the prevention of thromboembolic complications, are aimed at reducing the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. The article discusses recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology – 2019 on the management of patients with chronic coronary disease, with lipid metabolism disorders, and diabetes mellitus.
Effect of age on outcome in patients with cerebral stroke
Authors: Kuchava G. R. , Eliseev E. V. , Silaev B. V. , Doroshenko D. A. , Fedulaev Yu. N.
Published: June 2020

The aim of the studywas to assess the course and outcome of cerebral infarction, depending on the age factor and duration of stay in the neuroblock. Materials and methods: a dynamic observation of 494 patients, men and women, aged 38–84 years with acute ischemic stroke of hemispheric localization, which were divided into the three groups depending on age, was performed. Group 1 – younger than 60 years old, group 2–60–70 years old, group 3 – older than 60 years. All patients underwent standard therapy, according to the recommendations for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The patients underwent comprehensive clinical and instrumental monitoring, which included assessment of somatic and neurological status according to the NIH‑NINDS scales at 1st, 3rd, 10th days and at discharge or death; assessment of the level of social adaptation according to the Bartel scale on 1st, 3rd, 10th days and at discharge, clinical and biochemical blood tests, computed tomography of the brain. Assessment of the quality of therapy was carried out according to specially developed maps using methods of statistical correlation analysis.Results:the most pronounced positive dynamics of neurological status was in the 1st group of patients. The regression of neurological deficit in the 2nd group was worse. The minimal dynamics of neurological deficit was in the 3rd group of patients with cerebral stroke. Most often, the death of patients with cerebral stroke occurred from the development of multiple organ disorders. Conclusions: patients over 70 years of age have the greatest risk of death, due to: a decrease in the reactivity of the body, the presence of initially severe concomitant somatic pathology in patients with admission to hospital; accession of secondary somatic and purulent‑septic complications.
Relationship between measures of quality of life and types of prostethic dental restorations used for dental treatment of elderly and senile patients
Authors: Fyodorova N. S. , Saleev R. A.
Published: June 2020

The proposed article deals with relationship between measures of quality of life of elderly and senile patients and types of prosthetic dental restorations used for dental treatment of the elderly people who have sought prosthodontic treatment in the municipal dental polyclinic of Cheboksary city. The article outlines content areas of measuring quality of life and patterns of their expression in the elderly and senile patients. Based on the public and social significance of the problem the authors show the relevance of the work on studying the oral health related quality of life of elderly people. It also describes findings of own studies on content areas of measuring quality of life of the elderly population of Cheboksary city (Chuvash Republic, Russia).
Clinical efficiency of orthopedic treatment of dental defects by arc prostheses with polyoxymethylene frame
Authors: Konnov V. V. , Harutyunyan M. R. , Vorobieva M. V. , Khodorich A. S. , Mukhamedov R. N. , Domenyuk D. A.
Published: June 2020

Currently, manufacturing techniques for removable orthopedic structures made of thermoplastic materials are widely used.

Objective.To determine the clinical effectiveness of orthopedic treatment of dentition defects with arch prostheses with a framework made of polyoxymethylene using a modified design of supporting metal-ceramic crowns. Using clinical methods, 76 patients with defects in the dentition were examined, who underwent orthopedic treatment with arch prostheses with a frame made of metal and polyoxymethylene. As a result of the study, the clinical efficacy of using the proposed design of a metal-ceramic crown for a support-retaining clasp made of polyoxymethylene and a method for creating a retention zone in a ceramic-metal crown is proved.
Changes in periodontal tissues, tooth sensitivity and mucosal immunity when using toothpaste with hydroxyapatite, papain, thermal mud, extracts of eleutherococcus and calendula
Authors: Iordanishvili A. K. , Malyshev M. E. , Petrov A. A.
Published: June 2020

We studied the dynamics of changes in periodontal tissues, tooth sensitivity, as well as the state of mucosal immunity when using the ASEPTA® Remineralization toothbrush (Vertex Co., St. Petersburg, Russia) in adults. It has been shown that the continuous use of ASEPTA® Remineralization toothpaste with hydroxyapatite, thermal mud, the plant enzyme papain, extracts of eleutherococcus and calendula after performing professional oral hygiene eliminates inflammation in the gums and dental hyperesthesia, ensuring good individual oral hygiene, normalization the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines with a shift towards a decrease in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as an increase in the synthesis of secretory immunoglobulin A, which allows us to recommend this toothpaste for people with inflammatory periodontal pathology and dental hyperesthesia.
Basics of complex rehabilitation of patients with speech disorders after uranoplasty
Authors: Mustafaev M. Sh. , Vissarionov V. A. , Tarchokova E. M. , Dyshekova S. A.
Published: June 2020

Result of the study a theoretical overview technologies for eliminating cleft of the palate and their distant results for the formation of correct speech. The process of speech formation and the influence of technical features of first and reconstructive uranoplastics using pharyngeal flap on this process was analyzed.
Features of dental status and dental incidence of junior athletes
Authors: Ponomaryova A. G. , Kostyuk Z. M. , Krivoshchapov M. V. , Tsaryov V. N.
Published: June 2020

The article presents data on the study of the incidence of dental diseases and the expression of tissue damage to teeth and gums by dental indices (CPUz, CPUp, OHIS, PMA, SBI) in students aged 15–18. It has been established that physical activity of cyclic and acyclic sports in different ways affects dental status of juniors, as well as environmental conditions. Young athletes are distinguished by good parameters of dental status both in frequency of dental diseases, and in degree of damage to tissues of teeth and gums. Handball causes the highest rates of gum damage in terms of RMA in per cent and CPPp and more frequent occurrence of caries and periodontitis (up to 100 %). The obtained data determine directions of prevention of dental diseases in juniors engaged in different sports.
21-hydroxylase deficiency and fertility
Authors: Amiraslanova M. M. , Kuznetsova I. V.
Published: June 2020

21-hydroxylase deficiency is the most common genetically determined adrenal steroidogenesis defect. One of the consequences of the disease developing as a result of this defect, congenital dysfunction of the adrenal cortex (CDAC), is a decrease in fertility in the form of infertility or early pregnancy loss. The problem of reducing the fertility associated with CDAC is still not overcome due to a lack of understanding of the causes of negative pregnancy outcomes or the origin of infertility with preserved ovulatory function of the ovaries. A likely factor in reducing fertility in patients with CDAC is hyperandrogenism. But attempts at his glucocorticoid therapy have not been clinically successful. Thus, the issues of fertility restoration in women with CDAC are still relevant. At the moment, the only method of preventing the usual miscarriage and other complications of pregnancy in patients with CDAC is the use of progestogens, subject to their early, preconception purpose.
Clinical and epidemiological rationale for prevention of uterus cancer
Authors: Klinyshkova T. V.
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Malignant neoplasms of the reproductive system dominate the structure of cancer incidence in women in the Russian Federation. In the structure of oncogynecological diseases, uterine body cancer (UBC) leads the way.

The purpose of the study: to analyze the dynamics of UBC incidence in the Omsk region in comparison with data for the Russian Federation in 2002–2018 years to determine the priorities of cancer prevention.

Results. There was a moderate tendency to increase the incidence of UBC in the region (Rg. = +1.8 %; p < 0.001) and for the Russian Federation (Rg. = +1.7 %; p < 0.001). The maximum percentage was among patients of 60–69 years old (32.3 %). There was a moderate trend in increasing UBC among women of 30–39 years old, and in the group of women of 35–39 years old there was a distinct trend in increasing the incidence (Rg. = +5.6 %; p < 0.050). The article presents the epidemiological features of UBC in comparison with cervical cancer in the region: the increase in the incidence of UBC (Rg. =+1.8 %) and the stability of the indicator at cervical cancer (Rg. = +0.050 %), the trend to rejuvenate both locations of cancer.

Conclusion. In Omsk Region, there is a unidirectional increase in the incidence of UBC with the Russian Federation, a trend in rejuvenating the disease, which dictates the need for cancer prevention in the practice of an obstetrician-gynecologist.
Influence of endogenous factors on glucose level in blood tests of patients of different age groups
Authors: Piskunov D. P. , Danilova L. A. , Borisova L. V. , Pushkin A. S. , Akhmedov T. A. , Emanuel V. L.
Published: June 2020

Aim. Investigation of biochemical processes effect from cellular respiration on diagnostic information about level of glucose in venous blood.

Materials and Methods. We examined 115 blood samples in Vacutainer-type tubes with coagulation activator from patients aged 21 to 90 years. Patients were treated in ophthalmological, therapeutic and surgical departments of hospital. We evaluated correlation dependence of hematological factors effect on changes in glucose level during storage of samples.

Results. Three groups were ranked according to the size of each studied indicator. We have found effect of lymphocyte counts, eosinophils, platelets, as well as thrombocrit value, average platelet volume and relative width of platelet distribution by volume, age of patients on changes in glucose values for 24 and 48 hours of blood samples storage at a temperature of +4 °С.

Conclusion. Endogenous factors of blood samples is the important elements of pre-analytical phase in validating the results of clinical laboratory tests.
Assessment of quality of markers of myocardial damage using sigmametry
Authors: Petrova O. V. , Tverdokhlebova D. K. , Murygina O. I. , Nikulina D. M.
Published: June 2020

The purpose. To evaluate study quality markers of myocardial damage using Sigmametry.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted in a Federal Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery. Data were collected in 2017–2018. Daily there controlled the following indicators: high-sensitivity troponin T, myoglobin, the MB fraction of creatine phosphokinase. The study was performed on an automatic immunochemical electrochemiluminescence analyzer cobas e411. The sigmametry values were calculated using CV (coefficient of variation), systematic error (bias), and total analytical error (TEmax).

Results. The analysis of the quality of laboratory studies using the calculation of sigma values in 2017 revealed: sigma values less than 4 are noted in the study of the second level of the control material for highly sensitive troponin T, at the same time in the study of the first level of the control material sigma values more than 4 and amounted to 6.26. Analysis of the quality of laboratory studies in 2018, showed the following: the values of sigma is less than 4 it is noted in the study of the first level of the control material at a fraction of MB – creatine phosphokinase, at the same time in the study of level 2 control material values of sigma greater than 4, and amounted to 4.14.

Conclusions. Оn the basis of sigmametry (calculation of sigma values) changes in the tactics of intralaboratory analysis were held, what allowed to improve the quality of laboratory studies.
Possibilities of using neuromuscular electrostimulation for treating polyneuropathy in gluten intolerance (clinical observation)
Authors: Barantsevich E. R. , Smirnov E. E. , Potapchuk A. A. , Artyomova A. V. , Emanuel Y. V.
Published: June 2020

The article presents a clinical observation of a 54-year-old patient with sensorimotor polyneuropathy and newly diagnosed celiac disease. It was shown that laboratory methods for examining patients with polyneuropathy are required to identify the etiology of the process in most cases. Attention is drawn to the possibility of developing polyneuropathy with gluten intolerance without obvious pathological manifestations of the gastrointestinal tract. The importance of not only observing a gluten-free diet for treatment, but also the use of pulsed currents in the form of an exponent to reduce pain, improve trophism of muscle tissue, increase muscle strength and restore deep sensitivity is reflected. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation is an effective therapy.
Hematidrosis or artistic dermatitis?
Authors: Karpukhina V. N. , Rudneva N. S. , Drachyov S. N.
Published: June 2020

The article presents a historical sketch of ‘the bloody biblical’ sweat. The data of world scientific literature were analyzed: the number of recorded cases, geography, age groups. We described clinical cases of hemohydrosis, i. e. a rare pathological phenomenon and dermatitis artificial. The base of the pathogenesis is diapedesis of erythrocyte in the skin without skin lesions. The pathologic condition is often caused by nervous tension. Differential diagnostics was carried out hematohidrosis and artistic dermatitis in girls of 10 years old. Artistic dermatitis was caused by makeup paints and imitated ecchymosisis. Both cases of the skin lesion were the result of the high level of the psychoemotional stress.
Innovative methods in treatment of patients with atrophic post-acne scars
Authors: Kolcheva P. S. , Talybova A. M. , Stenko A. G.
Published: June 2020

Atrophic scars after acne are a widespread condition that can have a negative impact on the patient’s quality of life. Correction methods for acne scars include chemical peeling, dermabrasion, ablative or non-ablative laser resurfacing, filler insertion and surgical techniques. Depending on the type and severity of the scar, an individual approach is required to obtain satisfactory results.

Material and methods. Under observation were 61 patients with various manifestations of post-acne. Among them 21 (34.44 %) men and 40 (65.57 %) women. Depending on the therapy, the patients were divided into two groups and two subgroups depending on the type of scar. Efficiency was evaluated using ultrasound scanning.

Results. The RF microneedle method and fractional photothermolysis have a positive effect on the epidermo-dermal structure of the skin, which is expressed in the approximation of the acoustic density and thickness of the epidermis and dermis to normal values. The most pronounced positive effect in both methods was noted in the correction of post-acne hypertrophic scars. When analyzing the results of correction of atrophic scars, more pronounced positive dynamics was observed after the use of RF microneedles.