bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Process Evaluation of an Ambulance-Delivered Early Intensive Blood Pressure-Lowering Stroke Trial: Design, Rationale, and Reflection
Authors: Liu Ruixue , Chen Chen , Liu Feifeng , Lin Yapeng , Chu Hongling , Liu Hueiming , Anderson Craig S. , Yang Jie , Li Gang , Song Lili , Ouyang Menglu
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The fourth INTEnsive ambulance-delivered blood pressure Reduction in hyper-ACute stroke Trial (INTERACT4) is a large-scale, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded endpoint assessment trial, initiated in an ambulance in China, aiming at evaluating the effectiveness and safety of prehospital blood pressure (BP) lowering in patients with suspected acute stroke and elevated BP. A prespecified process evaluation is intended to explore the implementation of the trial intervention, provide support to interpret the trial outcomes and put forward suggestions to scale up the intervention in broader settings in the future. Methods: This process evaluation is a mixed-methods design, and follows the Normalization Process Theory (NPT) and the UK Medical Research Council (UK MRC) guidance. Fidelity, reach, acceptability, appropriateness, adoption, sustainability, and relevant contextual factors and mechanisms affecting the implementation of prehospital early intensive BP-lowering treatment will be analyzed. Semi-structured interviews with ambulance staff, ward and emergency department clinicians, and nurses are undertaken to explore perceptions of the intervention, contextual factors, and potential suggestions for future implementation in practice. Data from observational records, surveys, conventional monitoring data, on-site records, and case report forms will be analyzed to understand background care and context. Conclusion: The process evaluation of INTERACT4 will provide insights for the implementation of prehospital early intensive BP-lowering intervention in different health systems and help better explain the trial results for further scale up.
Ethnic Diversity and Distinctive Features of Familial Versus Multifactorial Chylomicronemia Syndrome: Insights From the UK FCS National Registry
Authors: Bashir Bilal , Downie Paul , Forrester Natalie , Wierzbicki Anthony S. , Dawson Charlotte , Jones Alan , Jenkinson Fiona , Mansfield Michael , Datta Dev , Delaney Hannah , Teoh Yee , Hamilton Paul , Ferdousi Maryam , Kwok See , O’Sullivan Dawn , Wang Jian , Hegele Robert A. , Durrington Paul N. , Soran Handrean
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. This study aimed to study the genotype distribution of FCS-causing genes in the United Kingdom, genotype-phenotype correlation, and clinical differences between FCS and multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome (MCS).

METHODS:

The study included 154 patients (FCS, 74; MCS, 80) from the UK FCS national registry and the UK arm of the FCS International Quality Improvement and Service Evaluation Project.

RESULTS:

FCS was relatively common in non-Europeans and those with parental consanguinity (
P
<0.001 for both).
LPL
variants were more common in European patients with FCS (European, 64%; non-European, 46%), while the genotype was more diverse in non-European patients with FCS. Patients with FCS had a higher incidence compared with patients with MCS of acute pancreatitis (84% versus 60%;
P
=0.001), recurrent pancreatitis (92% versus 63%;
P
<0.001), unexplained abdominal pain (84% versus 52%;
P
<0.001), earlier age of onset (median [interquartile range]) of symptoms (15.0 [5.5–26.5] versus 34.0 [25.2–41.7] years;
P
<0.001), and of acute pancreatitis (24.0 [10.7–31.0] versus 33.5 [26.0–42.5] years;
P
<0.001). Adverse cardiometabolic features and their co-occurrence was more common in individuals with MCS compared with those with FCS (
P
<0.001 for each). Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease was more prevalent in individuals with MCS than those with FCS (
P
=0.04). However, this association became nonsignificant after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index. The prevalence of pancreatic complications and cardiometabolic profile of variant-positive MCS was intermediate between FCS and variant-negative MCS.

CONCLUSIONS:

The frequency of gene variant distribution varies based on the ethnic origin of patients with FCS. Patients with FCS are at a higher risk of pancreatic complications while the prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is lower in FCS compared with MCS. Carriers of heterozygous pathogenic variants have an intermediate phenotype between FCS and variant-negative MCS.
Identifying Trends in Admission and Release of Wild Koalas in Veterinary Clinics Throughout Queensland, Australia
Authors: Charalambous Renae , Descovich Kris A. , Narayan Edward J.
Published: September 2024

Populations of Queensland koalas are rapidly declining, and the driving force behind this is habitat loss. This study analyzed reports (N = 50,858) made to three wildlife- focused veterinary clinics within the South-East Queensland Wildlife Hospital Network for assistance relating to a sick or injured wild koala between 1997 and 2019. Using descriptive and inferential statistics, a nominal logistic regression was performed to test the effect of key independent variables (age, sex, and etiology) on the outcome of each koala (released, deceased, euthanized) after being reported. Results found that the most common outcome for both sexes, most etiologies, and all ages was euthanasia. A comprehensive understanding of the primary risks affecting endangered species, and how these risks affect the likelihood of survival, is essential to inform species conservation policies and extinction risk assessments. We hope this study can provide an indispensable basis for future koala conservation strategies.
A Memorial Day for the Books Annihilated in the Holocaust: History and Reason
Authors: Hershkowitz Isaac
Published: September 2024

This article focuses on a Memorial Day ceremony that was regularly held during the State of Israel’s first two decades to honor the holy books destroyed during the Holocaust. The ceremony aimed to commemorate the Nazis’ attempt to destroy Judaism, not just the Jewish people. At the forefront of these efforts was Shmuel Zanwil Kahana, who sought to create a mystical atmosphere during the ceremony. His goal was to approach the new altar, represented by the furnace at Mount Zion, and offer a sacrifice of exilic literature to arouse a new spirit within the people of Israel. Despite his almost occult practices and liturgy, Kahana did not achieve the results for which he hoped. His attempts to build the nation through the destruction of its exilic spirit did not succeed.
Fr. Cyprian (Kern, 1899–1960), His Diaries and Memoirs
Authors: Zanemonets Alexander
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to Fr. Cyprian (Kern, 1899–1960), evaluating his Diaries and Memoirs, edited in 2021 by the author. One of the eminent theologians of the Russian Emigration, professor of Saint Sergius Theological Institute in Paris, Fr. Cyprian was born and brought up in Russia, took part in the Russian Civil war, and lived as a young Russian emigrant in Yugoslavia in 1920–1930. In 1928–1930 he was the Head of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Jerusalem.

His Memoirs and Jerusalem Diaries are a very important and in fact unique source not only for the biography of Fr. Cyprian himself, but for the religious and cultural life of the Russian Emigration in the Balkans and in the Holy Land during the first half of the 20th century. They also shed light on characteristic patterns concerning the interaction between different communities in those regions.
Memory and Environment
Authors: Gülüm Erol , Leworthy Paul , Tabaszewska Justyna , Teichler Hanna
Published: September 2024

The story of memory studies has been told as a tale of booms and waves. Most recently, a fourth wave of memory studies, responding to the environmental, ecocritical and post-humanist turn in the humanities, has been heralded (Craps et al., 2018). This Special Issue aims to trace and reflect upon the developments that have led to this fourth phase. At the outset, however, it needs to be acknowledged that we consider how memory and different forms of environment have long been understood as interrelated. Firstly, environments have featured as metaphors to focus attention on contexts of different kinds that are pertinent to acts of remembering. Secondly, environments have been considered as the background settings for memory processes: the places in which memory work is done. Thirdly, environments have been considered a functional parts of memory processes – where an environment serves as a media carrier of memory content that is actively involved in the transmission process. Although we chart how significant recent shifts in dominant modes of defining the term “environment” have impacted the field of memory studies and contributed to developments that have been construed as a fourth wave of memory studies, we argue that such a the fourth wave of memory studies does not represent a paradigmatic shift in our understanding of the relationship between memory and environment, but rather a shift in emphasis. As we move from memory place to mnemonic space to planetary memory (Bond et al., 2017; Chakrabarty & Latour, 2021; Crownshaw, 2014), the most significant shifts in our understanding of memory pertain to epistemology, category and scale. These altered frames of perception invite us to understand memory and environment as embedded, co-constitutive and co-constructed. Whilst there has been a consensus within the field of memory studies that only humans have the ability to “remember in ways that link individual remembering to cultural frameworks” (Kansteiner, 2002), a stronger emphasis on exploring the role of non-human entities in memory processes stands to challenge this conviction.
The clownfish-hosting sea anemones (Anthozoa: Actiniaria): updated nomenclature, biogeography, and practical field guide.
Authors: TITUS BENJAMIN M. , BENNETT-SMITH MORGAN F. , CHIODO TOMMASO , RODRÍGUEZ ESTEFANÍA
Published: September 2024

Ten described species of sea anemones (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Actiniaria) serve as hosts to charismatic clownfishes (or anemonefishes) on coral reefs throughout the tropical Indo-West Pacific. Although not diverse in number, the clownfish-hosting sea anemones have large biogeographic ranges, exhibit extensive intraspecific phenotypic appearances, and have been surrounded by a great deal of historical and contemporary taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion. We believe these factors have created challenges for field scientists making real-time species-level identifications of host sea anemones. Subsequently, a surprising amount of peer-reviewed clownfish literature never accounts for the host sea anemone, omitting critical data for understanding the symbiosis ecologically and evolutionarily. Here, we leverage the revolution that has taken place in the realm of digital underwater photography over the past 30 years to provide an updated, practical field guide for the clownfish-hosting sea anemones. First however, we review and revise the nomenclature for each species to better reflect valid changes that were made in the historical literature but never broadly adopted. Next, we demonstrate that machine learning algorithms may be of limited use for automating sea anemone species IDs from digital photographs alone—highlighting the importance of organismal expertise for identifying these animals. Finally, we present high-resolution digital photographs that encompass much of the intraspecific phenotypic variation encountered underwater, discuss important characteristics useful for field IDs, and provide updated range maps for each species to better reflect the known biogeographic range of each host anemone. We hope the increased confidence in field identification provided by this guide will result in more papers incorporating the sea anemone host data into research frameworks and subsequent publications.
Sea cucumbers of the genus Labidodemas (Holothuroidea: Holothuriida: Holothuriidae) from Indonesia, with the description of a new species and a revised key to the genus
Authors: SETYASTUTI ANA , SOLIS-MARIN FRANCISCO ALONSO , LÜTER CARSTEN
Published: September 2024

The present paper describes two often-reported species of Labidodemas as present in Indonesia: L. rugosum (Ludwig, 1875) and L. semperianum Selenka, 1867, and describes a new species to science Labidodemas javaensis sp. nov. from the shallow water of Java Island. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by having (1) most table discs devoid of peripheral holes with rim of the discs very spiny, (2) dorsal papillae and ventral tube feet that always have two types of tables (regular table with crown spines always bifurcate distally and smaller table size with very spiny disc and crown), and (3) the presence of a tri-radiate shape of rods in the dorsal body wall and anal papillae. Nine species are now recognised as valid within the genus Labidodemas, and five of them are found on the Indonesian sea floor. Furthermore, we also observed Cuvierian tubules in some individuals of L. rugosum and L. semperianum. The latter observation supports the argumentation to best-keep Labidodemas at the generic level within Holothuriidae.
On some colorful bryozoans from Brazil: reevaluation of Aptonella violacea Canu & Bassler, 1928 and a new species of Cosciniopsis Canu & Bassler, 1927
Authors: LARRÉ IGOR R.N.M. , ALMEIDA ANA C.S. , VIEIRA LEANDRO M.
Published: September 2024

Gigantoporidae Bassler, 1935 is a cheilostome bryozoan family comprising five genera, including the colorful genus Cosciniopsis Canu & Bassler, 1927, considered a senior synonym of Aptonella Canu & Bassler, 1928. The taxonomy of Aptonella has historically been considered confusing due to the colored zooecia, which suggests an affinity with other genera such as the stomachetosellid Cycloperiella Canu & Bassler, 1923. Here, the type species of Aptonella, A. violacea Canu & Bassler, 1928, is reevaluated and compared with other Gigantoporidae, to provide a new combination: Cycloperiella violacea n. comb. For the reassessment of Gigantoporidae, the type species of Gigantopora Ridley, 1881, G. lyncoides Ridley, 1881 is redescribed, and a new species of Cosciniopsis, C. viridis sp. nov. is described from Brazil. Characteristics of Cy. violacea, including a double calcified ooecium (lepralielliform type) and the acleithral-type aperture in ovicelled zooids, are distinct from other Gigantoporidae. This distinction supports the synonymization of Aptonella with Cycloperiella, which is here transferred to the family Bitectiporidae MacGillivray, 1895.
Dust, Convection, Winds, and Waves: The 2022 NASA CPEX-CV Campaign
Authors: Nowottnick Edward P. , Rowe Angela K. , Nehrir Amin R. , Zawislak Jonathan A. , Piña Aaron J. , McCarty Will , Barton-Grimley Rory A. , Bedka Kristopher M. , Bennett J. Ryan , Brammer Alan , Buzanowicz Megan E. , Chen Gao , Chen Shu-Hua , Chen Shuyi S. , Colarco Peter R. , Cooney John W. , Crosbie Ewan , Doyle James , Fehr Thorsten , Ferrare Richard A. , Harrah Steven D. , Hristova-Veleva Svetla M. , Lambrigtsen Bjorn H. , Lawton Quinton A. , Lee Allan , Marinou Eleni , Martin Elinor R. , Močnik Griša , Mazza Edoardo , Rodriguez Monje Raquel , Núñez Ocasio Kelly M. , Pu Zhaoxia , Rajagopal Manikandan , Reid Jeffrey S. , Robinson Claire E. , Rios-Berrios Rosimar , Rodenkirch Benjamin D. , Sakaeda Naoko , Salazar Vidal , Shook Michael A. , Sinclair Leigh , Skofronick-Jackson Gail M. , Thornhill K. Lee , Torn Ryan D. , Van Gilst David P. , Veals Peter G. , Vömel Holger , Wong Sun , Wu Shun-Nan , Ziemba Luke D. , Zipser Edward J.
Published: September 2024

The NASA Convective Processes Experiment-Cabo Verde (CPEX-CV) field campaign took place in September 2022 out of Sal Island, Cabo Verde. A unique payload aboard the NASA DC-8 aircraft equipped with advanced remote sensing and in situ instrumentation, in conjunction with radiosonde launches and satellite observations, allowed CPEX-CV to target the coupling between atmospheric dynamics, marine boundary layer properties, convection, and the dust-laden Saharan air layer in the data-sparse tropical East Atlantic region. CPEX-CV provided measurements of African easterly wave environments, diurnal cycle impacts on convective life cycle, and several Saharan dust outbreaks, including the highest dust optical depth observed by the DC-8 interacting with what would become Tropical Storm Hermine. Preliminary results from CPEX-CV underscore the positive impact of dedicated tropical East Atlantic observations on downstream forecast skill, including sampling environmental forcings impacting the development of several nondeveloping and developing convective systems such as Hurricanes Fiona and Ian. Combined airborne radar, lidar, and radiometer measurements uniquely provide near-storm environments associated with convection on various spatiotemporal scales and, with in situ observations, insights into controls on Saharan dust properties with transport. The DC-8 also collaborated with the European Space Agency to perform coordinated validation flights under the Aeolus spaceborne wind lidar and over the Mindelo ground site, highlighting the enhanced sampling potential through partnership opportunities. CPEX-CV engaged in professional development through dedicated team-building exercises that equipped the team with a cohesive approach for targeting CPEX-CV science objectives and promoted active participation of scientists across all career stages.
Assessing Farm Income and Input Efficiency Under Zero-budget Natural Farming in India
Authors: Mishra Brajaraja
Published: September 2024

As against using chemical fertilisers and associated inputs, Indian farmers have been adopting various agroecological practices under Zero-budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) programme, which are locally sourced at zero/low costs, thus making cultivation economical and sustainable. This article aims to analyse its impact on production costs, farm income and input efficiency vis-à-vis farmers following chemical farming. Based on the political agroecology framework, household survey data and statistical and stochastic frontier production function, it explores the support of the government and local level stakeholders in promoting ZBNF, various agroecological practices followed by the farmers, and how these are related to production costs, farm income and input farm efficiency. It found comparatively low costs, higher farm income and better input efficiency than farmers practicing chemical farming which are statistically significant. Region-specific heterogeneities concerning such differences are very well observed. It suggests optimising the programme’s benefits by addressing constraints faced by the ZBNF farmers and scaling up the programme to other parts of the region.

JEL Codes: O13, Q12, R11, R52
Suicidal behaviors among high school graduates with preexisting mental health problems: A machine learning and GIS-based study
Authors: Al-Mamun Firoj , Hasan Md Emran , Roy Nitai , ALmerab Moneerah Mohammad , Mamun Mohammed A
Published: September 2024

Background:

Suicidal behavior among adolescents with mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety, is a critical issue. This study explores the prevalence and predictors of past-year suicidal behaviors among Bangladeshi high school graduates, employing both traditional statistical and machine learning methods.

Aims:

To investigate the prevalence and predictors of past-year suicidal behaviors among high school graduates with mental health disorders, evaluate the effectiveness of various machine learning models in predicting these behaviors, and identify geographical disparities.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,242 high school graduates (54.1% female) in June 2023, collecting data on sociodemographic characteristics, mental health status, sleep patterns, and digital addiction. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, while machine learning and GIS analyses were conducted with Python and ArcMap 10.8, respectively.

Results:

Among the participants, 29.9% reported suicidal ideation, 15.3% had suicide plans, and 5.4% attempted suicide in the past year. Significant predictors included rural residence, sleep duration, comorbid depression and anxiety, and digital addiction. Machine learning analyses revealed that permanent residence was the most significant predictor of suicidal behavior, while digital addiction had the least impact. Among the models used, the CatBoost model achieved the highest accuracy (69.42% for ideation, 87.05% for planning, and 94.77% for attempts) and demonstrated superior predictive performance. Geographical analysis showed higher rates of suicidal behaviors in specific districts, though overall disparities were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Enhancing mental health services in rural areas, addressing sleep issues, and implementing digital health and community awareness programs are crucial for reducing suicidal behavior. Future longitudinal research is needed to better understand these factors and develop more effective prevention strategies.
Efficacy and outcomes of a highland prehospital trauma response team
Authors: Burgess Reuben , Mallinson Tom , Regan Luke
Published: September 2024

Background and aims

The Scottish Highlands face unique prehospital care challenges due to population dispersity, mountainous terrain, seasonal weather, and higher trauma burden compared to the nearest Major Trauma Centres (MTCs) as highlighted by the Scottish Trauma Audit Group (STAG). Primary road/air transfer from scene to nearest designated MTC averages 1–5 hours, making prompt and informed utilisation of prehospital and in-hospital resources within the Highlands critical – comparative to other UK metropolitan regions where the trauma population majority lay within 20–45 minute transfer windows. This paper reviews the Highland pre-hospital immediate care and trauma (PICT) Team's trauma response through a retrospective review of PICT patient report forms (PRFs).

Methods and results

The analysis highlighted increased trauma response by the team in the nature of attended callouts and interventions utilised. Improving trends of patient outcomes, increased advanced analgesia and medico-surgical intervention utilisation, and relative increase of road traffic collision attendance and trauma-specific calls were noted

Conclusion

Results highlight the Scottish Highlands’ trauma burden and PICT's added value; with increased trauma response and improving outcomes. Despite the rate and ratio of major trauma not reducing PICT Team utilisation has, potentially led to fewer patients over narrower geography at later stages in emergency calls accessing the enhanced care doctor and advanced physician team than was achieved previously.
The Dark Side of Conflict: The Relationships between Dark Tetrad Personality Traits and Conflict Management Styles
Authors: Rosequist Rachel , Kromka Stephen M.
Published: September 2024

The Dark Tetrad personality traits exhibit socially undesirable behaviors that can often lead to conflict. These negative personality traits might not only cause conflict, but they may play a role in resolving conflict as well. Using established psychology and communication research, this study sought to identify the conflict management styles associated with the Dark Tetrad personality traits. Participants (N = 1120) completed an online survey assessing Dark Tetrad personality traits and conflict management styles. The findings revealed that narcissism and Machiavellianism were positively correlated to every conflict management style (i.e., integrating, avoiding, dominating, obliging, and compromising). As hypothesized, all Dark Tetrad personality traits were positively related to the dominating conflict management style. Controlling for all Dark Tetrad personality traits, narcissism consistently predicted the use of all conflict management styles, suggesting that narcissistic individuals believe that they can navigate conflict in many different ways.
The Trees Above: A Language-Based Analysis of Tree Agency in Two Indigenous Societies
Authors: Spronck Stef , Si Aung
Published: September 2024

We adopt an ethnolinguistic approach to examine cultural practices involving trees in two Indigenous communities: the Ngarinyin Aborigines of Australia and the Solega/Soliga of India. On the basis of two separate types of data and methods, we demonstrate that the lives of the Ngarinyin and Solega are intimately connected with the trees surrounding them. Mentions of trees in Ngarinyin creation narratives are numerous and varied and show that trees perform specific functions in the narrative. They display various degrees of agency but are rarely represented as entirely passive objects. From signaling the specific location of a scene (similar to the “placehood” of trees attested elsewhere) to signaling clan affiliations, or even as a source for, e.g., spears, trees in stories engage actively with the (other) protagonists. Data from Solega ethnographic interviews also reveals the local importance of trees: individual trees may be given proper names, tree names often appear in place names, and at least one very ancient tree is worshipped as a deity. The latter is the result of an association of the tree with the Hindu god Shiva, which echoes the commonly observed reverence for trees associated with divine beings in the rest of India. Our findings tie in with the observations about the roles of trees in Indigenous cultures, who highlight the animacy of trees.
Alteration of lncRNA RHPN1-AS1 predicts clinical prognosis and regulates the progression of bladder cancer via modulating miR-485-5p
Authors: Zhou Jingmin , Xu Jinshan , Cheng Lin , Li Shuhui , Jiang Deqi , Zhang Jianchao , Sheng Yulong
Published: September 2024

Background

Exploring effect biomarkers that monitor tumor progression and predict the prognosis could benefit the clinical management of bladder cancer and improve the postoperative life of patients. This study aimed to estimate the function of long non-coding (lnc)RNA RHPN1-AS1 (RHPN1-AS1) in bladder cancer and the potential molecular mechanism.

Methods

The expression of RHPN1-AS1 was evaluated in bladder cancer tissues from 115 patients and cells by polymerase chain reaction. The clinical significance of RHPN1-AS1 was assessed and its effect was also estimated in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The underlying molecular mechanism was explored by the dual-luciferase reporter assay.

Results

The expression of RHPN1-AS1 was 2.91-fold elevated in bladder cancer, which showed a close correlation with advanced tumor node metastasis stage ( P = 0.013) and the presence of lymph node metastasis ( P = 0.018). RHPN1-AS1 also served as a poor prognostic indicator (hazard ratio = 2.563) for bladder cancer. The knockdown of RHPN1-AS1 significantly suppressed the proliferation and metastasis ability of bladder cancer cells. Moreover, miR-485-5p was found to mediate the function of RHPN1-AS1 in bladder cancer, which was considered the underlying regulatory mechanism.

Conclusions

RHPN1-AS1 serves as a prognostic biomarker and tumor promoter in bladder cancer via modulating miR-485-5p, which might be a reliable target of bladder cancer therapy.
Multi-layer structural representation of polymer/particle interphase region based on De Gennes’s scaling theory
Authors: Sharifzadeh Esmail , Ader Fiona , Moradi Golshan
Published: September 2024

In this study, the polymer/particle interphase region, formed around dispersed and clustered nanoparticles, was represented and evaluated using a novel multi-layer structural model. The physical/mechanical characteristics of each layer were determined by a developed form of De Gennes’s scaling theory. The time-dependent creep behavior of the interphase region was studied by incorporating Burger viscoelastic model into a specifically designed equivalent box model (EBM) with a layered structure. The content and size of clusters were estimated using a specifically developed mechanical model, based on the concept of micro-scale excluded volumes. The overall creep behavior of the polymer nanocomposites was then predicted considering the interaction of the polymer matrix, interphase region, dispersed and aggregated/agglomerated nanoparticle domains (prediction error <5%). The theoretical results were benchmarked against the actual data, obtained from creep and tensile tests, in order to verify the accuracy of the model as well as the applied primary concepts.
Improving the performance of Scarf and Step adhesive repairs with external reinforcements in composite structures
Authors: Gonçalves Guilherme F , dos Reis Guillaume , Rodrigues Luís FMF , Rocha Paulo RF , Martins Sofia C. , Diogo Tiago M , de Moura Marcelo FSF , Vaz Mário AP , Ferreira Moreira Raul D
Published: September 2024

In recent years, the development of adhesive repair in composites has been considered as crucial, as it not only prolongs the service life and fortifies structural resilience but also addresses environmental concerns by restoring and reinforcing composite components across diverse sectors, such as the aeronautic and automotive industries. This study presents a numerical analysis with cohesive zone modelling of adhesively bonded repairs of carbon fibre reinforced polymers with overplies using an epoxy adhesive and provides insights into optimising repairs for such components. The study focuses on two repair geometries: Scarf and Two-Stepped, considering variables such as overlap and reinforcement lengths, and its position when subjected to tensile and three-point bending loading. The results show that the introduction of external reinforcements (overplies) significantly increases the mechanical strength of the repaired joints, resulting in substantial improvements in the failure load for both geometries and both loading conditions. Under tension conditions, the Stepped repair generally obtained better strength than the Scarf geometry. On the other hand, when subject to bending, Scarf repair strength increases considerably in comparison to the Stepped geometry. The failure analysis provides further insights into the failure paths of Scarf and Step repairs.
The effects of various axially graded nanofillers on the dynamic characteristics of a rotating cylindrical shell with non-uniform thickness
Authors: Afjaei Mohamad Amin , Amirabadi Hossein , Sarafraz Mirsalman , Afshari Hassan
Published: September 2024

This paper studies the dynamics of a rotating circular cylindrical shell with non-uniform thickness. The base material of the shell is a polymer which is strengthened with either carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), or graphene oxide powders (GOPs) which are distributed functionally graded (FG) with volume fractions that change in the axial direction. The first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is utilized to conduct the mathematical modeling of the shell and the Coriolis, centrifugal, and relative accelerations, and the initial circumferential tension are incorporated. The governing equations are attained via Hamilton’s principle and are solved through a semi-analytical solution. The dependency of the natural frequencies and critical angular velocity on several factors are discussed. It is discovered that by considering the same mass fractions for CNTs, GNPs, and GOPs, the GNPs bring about the best reinforcing effect and the CNTs have the weakest reinforcing effect.
Blockades in the Pathway of Specialty Care in Sjogren’s and Systemic Sclerosis: A Report Based on Indian Rheumatology Association Database
Authors: Chandrashekara S  , Shenoy Padmanabha , Kumar Uma , Pandya Sapan , Ghosh Alakendu , Khare Apurva , Dudam Rajkiran , Danda Debashish , Goswami Rudra Prosad
Published: September 2024

Aim:

The present study aimed to evaluate the factors influencing the referral delay in patients with primary Sjogren’s syndrome (Sjogren’s) and systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Materials and Methods:

The independent, multicentre, cross-sectional study collected data from seven centres across India through the Indian Rheumatology Association (IRA) database. The patient-related factors and referral factors were determined based on the patient narrations. Based on the patient’s income, a modified version of the Prasad scale was employed to classify them according to socioeconomic status.

Results:

The study included 118 patients with Sjogren’s and 166 patients with SSc. Approximately 60% of patients with SSc and Sjogren’s received rheumatology specialty care more than 6 months after symptom onset. The primary reasons for this delay were identified as a lack of awareness of rheumatology specialty care among patients (Sjogren’s: 61%; SSc: 74%) and disease management by other specialists (Sjogren’s: 75%; SSc: 62%) rather than rheumatologists. Additionally, over 25% of primary care practitioners were unaware of rheumatology specialty services, and a similar percentage of patients were not diagnosed with rheumatic diseases by their primary care physicians. Patients with delayed referrals for Sjogren’s exhibited higher rates of haematologic, oral, and non-articular pain. Similarly, in SSc patients, delayed referral was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of skin involvement ( P < .01).

Conclusion:

Patient referrals to other specialties and a lack of knowledge about rheumatology were the primary causes of referral delays. Educating primary care physicians and facilitating direct referrals to rheumatology specialists could help reduce these delays. The study findings may help in stratifying interventions to improve early referral and access to rheumatology specialty care for patients with Sjogren’s and SSc.
Pancreatitis, panniculitis, and polyarthritis syndrome in a dog with hyalinizing pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hagelskamp Abby , White Amelia G. , Gallman Jeremy , Starbird Cierra , Neto Rachel L. A. L. T.
Published: September 2024

A 10-y-old spayed female Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dog was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital because of recurrent chronic abscesses on the distal pelvic limbs, fever, lethargy, lameness of unknown etiology, and chronic pancreatitis. Sterile nodular panniculitis was diagnosed after an extensive workup, and the dog initially responded to immunosuppressive therapy, but relapse and spread of cutaneous lesions and acute lameness occurred after 11 mo, and euthanasia was elected. Postmortem examination confirmed hyalinizing pancreatic adenocarcinoma with pancreatitis, panniculitis, polyarthritis (PPP), and osteomyelitis. Histopathology and bacterial and fungal cultures were supportive of a sterile process, specifically the PPP syndrome, which is a rare, potentially life-threatening, systemic manifestation of pancreatic disease in both people and animals. To our knowledge, a clinicopathologic description of a hyalinizing pancreatic adenocarcinoma associated with this rare syndrome has not been reported previously in a dog.
Comparing Knowledge and Perceptions of Palliative Care Among Neuro-Oncology Patients, Caregivers, and Providers to a Representative U.S. Sample
Authors: Kim Jung-Young , Dalton Juliet C. , Cort Nicole , Herndon James E. , Affronti Mary L. , Peters Katherine B. , Jones Christopher A. , Johnson Margaret O.
Published: September 2024

Background

Primary brain tumors (PBTs) pose a significant health challenge, affecting patients and their caregivers. While early integration of palliative care (PC) has shown benefits in advanced cancer, its integration for PBT patients, particularly glioblastoma (GBM) patients, remains complex. We hypothesized that our previous PC integration efforts may have failed due to knowledge-gaps and misconceptions among patients, caregivers, and providers.

Objective

This study aimed to identify knowledge gaps and misconceptions about PC among patients with primary brain tumors (PBTs), their caregivers, and their medical providers.

Method

An electronic survey was distributed to PBT patients, caregivers, and medical providers, that included questions regarding PC from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Survey responses were analyzed; comparisons were made between the 3 groups as well as the general population.

Results

Of 141 respondents (59 patients, 57 caregivers, and 25 providers), each group held perspectives on PC differing from the general population. While all groups had an improved understanding of PC’s role in symptom management, uncertainty persisted among patients and caregivers regarding life-prolonging treatment and certain PC goals like caregiver support or end-of-life care.

Conclusion

Understanding gaps in knowledge and perceptions of PC among PBT patients and caregivers is crucial for effective intervention, with caregivers playing a vital role in advocating for PC. Future research should explore factors influencing these perceptions and development of targeted education to improve early PC referrals for patients with PBTs.
Collaboration Is the Key: A Conversation With Dr. Vivian I. Correa
Authors: Deniz Fatmana Kara , Dobbins Nicole , Smith Jennifer Elaine , Higgins Kyle
Published: September 2024

Dr. Correa is a professor emerita in the Department of Child Development and Family Studies at the University of North Carolina, Charlotte. Throughout her career, Dr. Correa’s research focused on young children with disabilities, bilingual special education, teacher education, and the intersection of early childhood special education with early childhood education. These foci resulted in research that crosses boundaries, involving strong collaborative partnerships across special education and general education within school settings, departments within universities, and multiple universities nationally.
Generic drug adoption framework (GRAF) adapted for Colombia: Consensus methodology
Authors: González Jaime , Molina Juan , Abello Virginia , Córdoba Óscar , Gálvez Kenny , Gómez Diego , Gómez Rigoberto , Ospina Vanessa , Varón Carlos
Published: September 2024

Background: The global surge in non-communicable diseases, like cancer, strains health systems financially and restricts patient access to treatment. Generic drugs offer comparable efficacy, safety, and quality to innovator drugs, improving patient access and well-being. To aid healthcare workers in selecting the best generic drugs, Generic drug Adoption Framework (GRAF) was developed as an evaluation tool. This paper aims to adapt the tool to Colombia for healthcare professional’s daily use. Methods: Adapting the tool involved two phases: surveying healthcare workers (oncologists’ specialists and pharmacists) to gauge their readiness for adopting generic drugs, additionally and expert consensus was developed to adapt the tool to the Colombian context. Results: Of 62 surveyed healthcare workers, 38.7% were early adopters and 32.3% were late adopters. Pharmacists showed higher early adoption rates (47%) than physicians (33%). In the second phase, experts identified 12 relevant attributes for the Colombian scenario, refining descriptions and scoring scales. Conclusion: The study revealed Colombian healthcare workers’ perceptions of generic drugs and differences in adoption rates. The adapted tool to the Colombian healthcare context could clarify misconceptions that require diverse strategies to increase the use of generic drugs, aiding in better patient care.
Experiences of students with chronic illness in university education in Ireland
Authors: Doris Olga , Morrissey Eimear C
Published: September 2024

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of university students with a chronic illness in Ireland. The study also aimed to gain insight into students’ experiences with Disability Support Services (DSS) and identify gaps where additional supports and resources are needed.

Design

Cross-sectional qualitative study.

Methods

Fourteen students from three Irish universities participated in semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed through the six-step process of reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

Four themes were developed: (1) The burden of managing a chronic illness alongside university education; (2) Interruptions, disruptions and alterations to college life; (3) Flexible supports for fluctuating conditions; (4) Achieving in educating while living with a chronic illness.

Conclusions

Participants reported a physical and emotional burden. Despite engaging in rigorous management strategies, many participants missed lectures and socialising with peers. Some found the supports from DSS to be useful, however many were unsure if they qualified for support, or found the supports available to be generic and inadequate for their needs. There is significant scope for the delivery of both teaching and DSS to be improved for this cohort, ensuring that all students, regardless of their health status, have equal opportunities for success.
Objectivity of match analysis in football: Testing the level of agreement between coaches’ interpretations of video data
Authors: Furley Philip , Mehta Saumya , Raabe Dominik , Memmert Daniel
Published: September 2024

Using video data is a widespread procedure in the preparation for an upcoming opponent across all levels of football, but the way coaches interpret this data and use it for player feedback is still not fully understood. Three studies were conducted to investigate the level of agreement between football coaches on tactical questions regarding the opponent when interpreting the same video data. In Study 1 (scouting feed; N = 15) and 2 (tactic view feed; N = 24), different video viewing angles of the same match were provided to coaches, followed by simple questions regarding the viewed team (e.g., team formation, most striking player in the opening play of the attacking team). Response analyses using descriptive statistics and Fleiss-Kappa statistics showed great diversity regardless of the angle of the feed. Study 3 was a replication study (scouting feed; N = 16) using the identical approach as before but used a different match to introduce greater variety of video stimuli. Across all studies there was a high degree of diversity in coach responses and little consensus on basic questions like the adopted formation or the most striking player in the opening play (Fleiss-Kappa coefficients between -.036 [poor agreement] and .236 [fair agreement]). The present research shows that it is problematic to treat information from video feeds as being objective when preparing for the next opponent, as different coaches derive different interpretations from the same data source. Implications for use of video data, and related contributions to coaching research are discussed.
Embarking on the journey of digital transformation: An agile experience with CHRIST
Authors: Wahl Katharina , Gussek Lisa , Wiesche Manuel
Published: September 2024

This teaching case explores the digital transformation journey of CHRIST Juweliere und Uhrmacher seit 1863 GmbH (CHRIST), a historic jewelry company adapting to a digital retail environment. CHRIST has partnered with the consultancy KPS AG to enhance its e-commerce and marketing capabilities using agile methodologies, specifically the Scrum framework. A central focus is the requirement engineering process, which ensures the alignment of business needs with technical solutions. This teaching case examines how CHRIST identifies, documents, and refines user stories to create a structured product backlog. It highlights the collaboration between business and development teams to clarify requirements, set priorities, and manage scope changes. It delves into how CHRIST and KPS collaboratively manage the intricacies of digital transformation, ensuring alignment across multiple project streams and leveraging external expertise to drive innovation. Students will gain insights into the complexities of requirement engineering, the benefits of agile project management, and the strategic approaches necessary for successful digital transformation in a multi-channel retail business.
Pulmonary Atresia and Ventricular Septal Defect Without Major Aortopulmonary Collateral Arteries: Diagnostic Evaluation and the Role of Ductal Stenting
Authors: Wong-Siegel Jeannette R. , Petit Christopher J. , Glatz Andrew C.
Published: September 2024

Patients with pulmonary atresia (PA) and a ventricular septal defect (VSD), similar to those with tetralogy of Fallot and PA without major aortopulmonary collateral arteries, lack antegrade pulmonary blood flow, and thus require a neonatal intervention for stabilization or augmentation of pulmonary blood flow. The role of ductal stenting in the management of these patients, and the current literature supporting it, will be reviewed.
Combination of Ipsative and Sociomaterial Assessment Methodologies within University-Level Science Education
Authors: Kukol Andreas
Published: September 2024

This article presents a comprehensive exploration of ipsative and sociomaterial assessment methodologies, dissecting their theoretical frameworks, practical implementations, and the resultant effects on educational paradigms. The purpose of this article is to introduce a combined ipsative-sociomaterial assessment framework for science education at universities. The potential of this novel assessment methodology to influence student engagement, knowledge retention and educator practices is explored. Through a detailed analysis of existing literature and case studies, the article seeks to understand how these methods can transform science education. Four key themes are emerging: science education naturally leads to sociomaterial assessment, enhancing learning through ipsative feedback, measuring personal learning gain and reconciling ipsative with conventional assessment practices in the era of generative AI. Practical aspects of implementation in different online learning environments are discussed as well as institutional challenges that must be overcome. It is concluded that ipsative-sociomaterial assessment represents a transformative, yet natural approach in science higher education with the promise to enhance the educational experience and to provide a richer, more accurate reflection of student learning and achievement.
Exploring the link between chromosomal polymorphisms and reproductive abnormalities
Authors: Pang Haiyan , Zhang Tong , Yi Xin , Cheng Xiaojing , Wang Guiling
Published: September 2024

Objective

This work aimed to investigate the potential correlation between chromosomal polymorphisms and various reproductive abnormalities.

Methods

We examined 21,916 patients affected by infertility who sought care at the Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University between January 2018 and December 2022. A total of 2227 individuals identified as chromosomal polymorphism carriers constituted the polymorphism group, and 2245 individuals with normal chromosome karyotypes were randomly selected to form a control group. Clinical manifestations, histories of spontaneous miscarriage, abnormal reproductive developments, fetal abnormalities, and male sperm quality anomalies were statistically compared between these two groups.

Results

Of the 21,916 patients analyzed, 2227 displayed chromosomal polymorphism, representing a 10.16% detection rate. Amongst the male patients, 1622 out of 10,827 exhibited polymorphisms (14.98%), whereas 605 out of 11,089 females showed polymorphisms (5.46%). Female carriers in the polymorphism group, showed statistically significant increased rates of spontaneous abortion (29.75% vs. 18.54%), fetal anomalies (1.32% vs. 0.81%), and uterine abnormalities compared with the control group (1.32% vs. 0.81%). Male carriers in the polymorphism group had higher rates of spontaneous abortion in partners (22.87% vs. 10.37%), fetal anomalies (1.97% vs. 0.25%), compromised sperm quality (41.74% vs. 7.18%), testicular underdevelopment (2.28% vs. 0.92%), and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (0.62% vs. 0.37%) compared with the control group.

Conclusion

Chromosomal polymorphisms may have a certain negative effect on reproductive irregularities, including spontaneous abortions, fetal anomalies, and reduced sperm quality in males. Their clinical effects deserve further investigation.