bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory reaction - A posit to the double-edged sword
Authors: Chukwuedozie Francis Nwachukwu
Published: June 2021

Response by inflammation is triggered by arrays of causes, which include disrupted cells, toxins, germs, and others. It underlies a wide variety of pathophysiological changes. Many aspects of inflammation as it relates to the pathology of various inflammations are very much understood. Yet the healthy roles of inflammation are widely unknown. Inflammation has a controversial role in health and its meanings are, a matter of viewpoint. It has critical roles in protecting organisms from pathogens and injurious substances likewise causing a driving variety of disease progression. On this ground the research aimed at prescribing the essential needs for effective regulations of inflammatory responses. Efficient control of the inflammatory process will avert a plethora of diseases. Articles used for this review were obtained using appropriate keywords on six electronic databases including nature, advantage, disadvantage, and immune response regarding inflammation and immunological response. Inflammation is self-perpetuating though no disease is caused by inflammation as it is not self-triggering. Additionally, the research did weigh up the merits alongside the demerit of inflammation to advocate for effective regulation of inflammation. Essentially, inflammation is a required mechanism in healthy and unhealthy status in humans hence there is a need for importunate reconsideration, exploring its therapeutic benefits.
Representasi Sejarah dan Dampak Perang Dunia II dalam Komik Kono Sekai No Katasumi Ni Karya Fumiyo Kouno
Authors: Adhitya Reza Taufan , Anggraeny Renny , Sari Ida Ayu Laksmita
Published: June 2021

This study aims to find out and understand the representation of the history of World War II and the impact of World War II on the Japanese, especially the people who live in Kure in the comic Kono Sekai no Katasumi ni by Fumiyo Kouno. The method used in this study is the descriptive analysis method. The theory used in this study is the theory of New Historicism by Stephen Greenbalt. The results show, there are five historical facts, the establishment of tonarigumi, the creation of the tatemono sokai policy, the air attack on Kure, the attack on the Hiro Naval Base, and the dropping of Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima, which also affected Kure area which is 20 kilometres to southeast Hiroshima. In addition, as a result of the occurrence of World War II, the mindset of the Japanese people regarding war changed from those previously zealous in warfare to preferring to maintain peace. On the other hand, the impact of World War II is still being felt today by the Japanese people, especially for victims who survived and were still alive until the time this comic was published.
Enfermedad de Chester Erdheim costal: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Zapata-González Ricardo Adolfo , Bedoya Muñoz Lennis Jazmín , Montoya-Medina Camilo
Published: June 2021

Introducción. La enfermedad de Erdheim Chester es un trastorno infrecuente, de etiología no clara y edad de presentación variable, que se caracteriza por la proliferación anormal de histiocitos no Langerhans. Puede presentarse de forma asintomática, con manifestaciones locales o como complicaciones sistémicas. El diagnóstico se basa en las condiciones clínicas del paciente, estudios imagenológicos y el estudio anatomopatológico, mediante el cual se confirma la enfermedad.

Caso clínico. Paciente masculino con una lesión lítica en el séptimo arco costal, inicialmente asintomático y posteriormente con dolor torácico persistente. Se realizó resección y reconstrucción de la pared torácica, con resolución de la sintomatología y adecuada evolución posoperatoria. El resultado de la patología confirmó el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Erdheim Chester.

Discusión. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con compromiso costal y fractura patológica como localización y manifestación inusual de la enfermedad de Erdheim Chester, tratado quirúrgicamente de forma adecuada, y sin aparición de recidiva. Debido a la diversidad de síntomas que pueden presentar y a la afectación de múltiples órganos, además de los estudios imagenológicos, la clínica debe orientar los exámenes complementarios, como electro o ecocardiograma, resonancia nuclear magnética, o angioTAC. En los pacientes asintomáticos se ha recomendado un manejo expectante y en los sintomáticos el tratamiento médico con glucocorticoides, inhibidores de BRAF e interferón alfa. El papel de la cirugía no ha sido estudiado a profundidad.
Impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en los resultados del tratamiento de la apendicitis aguda: estudio observacional retrospectivo
Authors: ACHAVAL MORA , Pratesi Juan Pablo , Rapp Sofía , Chwat Carina
Published: June 2021

Introducción. Debido a la pandemia por COVID-19, se decretó el aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio. El miedo de asistir al hospital, generado por la pandemia, pudo provocar una demora en la consulta y el retraso en el diagnóstico de pacientes con apendicitis, llevando a complicaciones como perforación, absceso, peritonitis, sepsis y muerte. Métodos. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de los hallazgos quirúrgicos y su desenlace, en los pacientes con diagnóstico de apendicitis, previo a la pandemia y durante ella. Resultados. No se encontró diferencia en el tiempo de la consulta, pero durante la pandemia se observó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en las características del apéndice. Discusión. Los hallazgos durante la pandemia muestran cuadros de apendicitis aguda más avanzados que antes de la misma, sin impactar en las complicaciones quirúrgicas y postoperatorias.
Impacto de la participación del residente y su rol en desenlaces clínicos de los pacientes llevados a colecistectomía en un hospital universitario
Authors: Martínez-Martínez Jorge Alberto , Cómbita-Rojas Hugo Alberto , Pinillos Navarro Pilar Carola , Casallas-Cristancho Daniela , Paez-Sosa Lorena Alejandr , Ruiz-Gómez Sandra Milena
Published: June 2021

Introducción. La colecistectomía es uno de los procedimientos quirúrgicos más realizados a nivel mundial, por lo que su aprendizaje es cada vez más necesario para los médicos residentes en entrenamiento, pero sin comprometer la seguridad de los pacientes. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el impacto de la participación de los médicos residentes en los principales desenlaces clínicos de la colecistectomía.

Métodos. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo de cohortes, donde se incluyeron los pacientes llevados a colecistectomía laparoscópica, desde junio de 2019 hasta julio de 2020. Se llevó a cabo el análisis estadístico para describir medidas de frecuencia, tendencia central, dispersión y análisis bivariados para los desenlaces de interés.

Resultados. Se incluyeron 482 pacientes a quienes se les practicó colecistectomía, 475 de ellas por vía laparoscópica. El 62,5 % fueron mujeres y el 76,2 % se realizaron de carácter urgente. En el 96 % de los procedimientos se contó con la participación de un residente. En el análisis bivariado no se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre la participación del residente y un impacto negativo en los desenlaces clínicos de las variables relevantes.

Discusión. No hay evidencia de que la participación de médicos residentes en la colecistectomía laparoscópica se asocie con desenlaces adversos en los pacientes, lo que sugiere estar en relación con una introducción temprana y responsable a este procedimiento por parte de los docentes, permitiendo que la colecistectomía sea un procedimiento seguro.
Sida krapovickasii (Malvaceae), nueva especie de la sección Nelavaga
Authors: Keller Héctor A.
Published: June 2021

Campañas de relevamiento florístico en el establecimiento Timbauva, San Alonso, Corrientes, Argentina, posibilitaron el hallazgo de una nueva especie del género Sida (Malvaceae). La especie se describe e ilustra y se brinda información sobre la situación de conservación del taxón y el hábitat donde crece. Se discuten semejanzas y diferencias con taxones afines y se incluye una clave para diferenciar las especies argentinas de la sección.
ATUAÇÃO DA TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL EM SAÚDE MENTAL NOS REAIS ESPAÇOS DE VIDA DOS USUÁRIOS
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Nilton Gomes de , Barros Márcia Maria Mont’ Alverne de
Published: June 2021

Breve contextualização da política nacional de saúde mental no Brasil A história revelou que no Brasil as pessoas com transtornos mentais e as suas famílias cuidadoras receberam uma assistência em saúde mental aportada fundamentalmente no sistema hospitalocêntrico manicomial, caracteristicamente iatrogênico, configurando-se uma usina produtora de sofrimento, de cronificação, de patologias, de violação de direitos, gerando processos deletérios de estigmatização e de exclusão social. (BARROS; JORGE, 2012). A Política Nacional de Saúde Mental no Brasil buscou garantir a defesa dos direitos, a melhoria da qualidade de assistência, a construção de respostas satisfatórias diante das necessidades apresentadas pela população com transtornos mentais. (BRASIL, 2004). Ela busca a superação dos modelos asilares no Brasil, marcantemente excludente e cronificador, propondo a incorporação de uma política humanizada, de qualidade, de base comunitária, baseando-se nos princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS, da universalidade, da hierarquização, da integralidade, da regionalização e da integralidade das ações.
TESSITURAS DA FORMAÇÃO EM TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL, SAÚDE E TRABALHO
Authors: Alonso Carolina Maria do Carmo , Souza Marina Batista Chaves Azevedo de , Barroso Bárbara Iansã de Lima , Rodrigues Daniela da Silva
Published: June 2021

Este capítulo visa apresentar e discutir pressupostos teóricos metodológicos que compõem o arcabouço de conhecimentos que fundamentam o processo formativo, a pesquisa e a extensão da Terapia Ocupacional no campo da Saúde e Trabalho. Destaca-se que o ponto norteador para construção deste texto foi o conteúdo programático da disciplina de Ergonomia, Saúde do Trabalhador e Terapia Ocupacional do curso de graduação em Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Assim, partindo da experiência particular da disciplina ofertada no curso da UFRJ a discussão sobre as bases da formação no campo em questão foi ampliada, por meio da contribuição de pesquisadoras que se dedicam ao estudo das relações entre a Terapia Ocupacional e o Trabalho em outras universidades. Nesse sentido, o capítulo em tela abordará temáticas que têm fundamentado os saberes e práticas do campo da Terapia Ocupacional na saúde e trabalho atualmente no Brasil.
PROGRAMAS INDUTORES PARA MUDANÇA CURRICULAR COM FOCO NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA À SAÚDE E SUA EXPRESSÃO NO CURSO DE GRADUAÇÃO EM TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL - UFRJ
Authors: Mefano Vania , Teixeira Melissa Ribeiro , Schultz Thais Giudice , Alonso Carolina Maria do Carmo
Published: June 2021

Internacionalmente, o papel da Terapia Ocupacional na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) é foco de estudos que têm demonstrado a eficácia e o custo-benefício das intervenções da profissão no apoio ao trabalho dos profissionais que atuam na linha de frente neste nível de atenção.
Analyzing Cross-Sectionally Clustered Data Using Generalized Estimating Equations
Authors: Huang Francis L.
Published: June 2021

The presence of clustered data is common in the sociobehavioral sciences. One approach that specifically deals with clustered data but has seen little use in education is the generalized estimating equations (GEEs) approach. We provide a background on GEEs, discuss why it is appropriate for the analysis of clustered data, and provide worked examples using both continuous and binary outcomes. Comparisons are made between GEEs, multilevel models, and ordinary least squares results to highlight similarities and differences between the approaches. Detailed walkthroughs are provided using both R and SPSS Version 26.
Improving estimates accuracy of voter transitions. Two new algorithms for ecological inference based on linear programming
Authors: Pavia JoseM , Romero Rafael
Published: June 2021

The
estimation of RxC ecological inference contingency tables from aggregate data
defines one of the most salient and challenging problems in the field of quantitative
social sciences. From
the mathematical programming framework, this paper suggests a new direction for
tackling this problem. For the first time in the literature, a procedure based
on linear programming is proposed to attain estimates of local contingency
tables. Based on this and the homogeneity hypothesis, we suggest two new
ecological inference algorithms. These two new algorithms represent an
important step forward in the ecological inference mathematical programming
literature. In addition to generating estimates for local ecological inference
contingency tables and amending the tendency to produce extreme transfer
probability estimates previously observed in other mathematical programming
procedures, they prove to be quite competitive and more accurate than the current
linear programming baseline algorithm. The new algorithms place the linear
programming approach once again in a prominent position in the ecological
inference toolkit. We use a unique dataset with almost 500 elections, where the
real transfer matrices are known, to assess their accuracy. Interested readers
can easily use these new algorithms with the aid of the R package lphom.
Transformational leadership and organizational values: How perceived leadership behavior relates to organizational identification by forming followers' perceptions of organizational values
Authors: Xenikou Athena
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the role of leadership behaviors in forming followers' perceptions of core organizational values, which, in turn, are thought to be associated with levels of organizational identification. The hypothesized mediating effects were tested using SEM based on survey data from a sample of 230 employees in various industry sectors.
Over-expression of adaptor related protein complex 2 beta 1 subunit in human endometrial cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2021

Gynecologic cancers including cancers of the endometrium are a clinical problem (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover genes associated with endometrial cancers by comparing transcriptomes of the normal and hyperplastic endometrium to endometrial tumors from humans. We identified adaptor related protein complex 2 beta 1 subunit, encoded by AP2B1, as among the most differentially expressed genes, transcriptome-wide, in cancers of the endometrium. AP2B1 was expressed at significantly higher levels in endometrial tumor tissues as compared to the endometrium. Importantly, in human endometrial cancer, primary tumor expression of AP2B1 was correlated with overall survival in white patients with low mutational burden. AP2B1 may be a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of human endometrial cancer.
Over-expression of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A7 in human endometrial cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2021

Gynecologic cancers including cancers of the endometrium are a clinical problem (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover genes associated with endometrial cancers by comparing transcriptomes of the normal and hyperplastic endometrium to endometrial tumors from humans. We identified NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A7, encoded by NDUFA7, as among the most differentially expressed genes, transcriptome-wide, in cancers of the endometrium. NDUFA7 was expressed at significantly higher levels in endometrial tumor tissues as compared to the endometrium. Importantly, in human endometrial cancer, primary tumor expression of NDUFA7 was correlated with overall survival in black patients with high mutational burden. NDUFA7 may be a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of human endometrial cancer.
A Comparison of Prebunking and Debunking Interventions for Implied versus Explicit Misinformation
Authors: Tay Li Qian , Hurlstone Mark J. , Kurz Tim , Ecker Ullrich K. H.
Published: June 2021

Psychological research has offered valuable insights into how to combat misinformation. The studies conducted to date, however, have three limitations. First, pre-emptive (“prebunking”) and retroactive (“debunking”) interventions have mostly been examined in parallel, and thus it is unclear which of these two predominant approaches is more effective. Second, there has been a focus on misinformation that is explicitly false, but misinformation that uses literally true information to mislead is common in the real world. Finally, studies have relied mainly on questionnaire measures of reasoning, neglecting behavioural impacts of misinformation and interventions. To offer incremental progress towards addressing these three issues, we conducted an experiment (N = 735) involving misinformation on fair trade. We contrasted the effectiveness of prebunking versus debunking and the impacts of implied versus explicit misinformation, and incorporated novel measures assessing consumer behaviours (i.e., willingness-to-pay; information seeking; online misinformation promotion) in addition to standard questionnaire measures. In general, we found debunking to be more effective than prebunking, although both were able to reduce misinformation reliance. We also found that individuals tended to rely more on explicit than implied misinformation both with and without interventions.
Insufficiently Complimentary?: Underestimating the Positive Impact of Compliments Creates a Barrier to Expressing Them
Authors: Zhao Xuan , Epley Nicholas
Published: June 2021

Compliments increase the well-being of both expressers and recipients, yet people report in a series of surveys giving fewer compliments than they should give, or would like to give. Nine experiments suggest that a reluctance to express genuine compliments partly stems from underestimating the positive impact that compliments will have on recipients. Participants wrote genuine compliments and then predicted how happy and awkward those compliments would make recipients feel. Expressers consistently underestimated how positive recipients would feel but overestimated how awkward recipients would feel (Experiments 1-3, S4). These miscalibrated expectations are driven partly by perspective gaps in which expressers underestimate how competent—and to a lesser extent how warm—their compliments will be perceived by recipients (Experiments 1-3). Because people’s interest in expressing compliments is partly driven by their expectations of the recipient’s reaction, undervaluing compliments creates a barrier to expressing them (Supplemental Experiments S2, S3, S4). As a result, directing people to focus on the warmth conveyed by their compliments (Experiment 4) increased interest in expressing them. We believe these findings may reflect a more general tendency for people to underestimate the positive impact of prosocial actions on others, leading people to be less prosocial than would be optimal for both their own and others’ well-being.
Measuring and predicting variation in the interestingness of physical structures
Authors: Holdaway Cameron , Bear Daniel M. , Radwan Samaher , Frank Michael C. , Yamins Daniel , Fan Judith
Published: June 2021

Curiosity drives much of human behavior, but its open-ended nature makes it hard to study in the laboratory. Moreover, computational theories of curiosity – models of how intrinsic motivation promotes complex behaviors – have been challenging to test because of technical limits. To circumvent this problem, we develop a new way to assess intrinsic motivation for building: we assume people build what they find interesting, so we asked them to rate the “interestingness” of visual stimuli – in this case, simple block towers. Adults gave a range of ratings to towers built by children, with taller towers rated higher. To probe interestingness further, we developed controlled tower stimuli in a simulated 3D environment. While tower height predicted much of the variation in ratings, people also favored more precarious towers, as inferred from geometric features and simulated dynamics. These ratings and features therefore give a clear target for computational accounts of curiosity to explain.
Dream jobs and employment realities: How adolescents’ career aspirations relate to labor demands and automation risks
Authors: Hoff Kevin , Van Egdom Drake , Napolitano Christopher , Hanna Alexis , Rounds James
Published: June 2021

Despite a rapidly changing labor market, little is known about how youth’s career goals correspond to projections about the future of work. This research examined the career aspirations of 3,367 adolescents (age 13-18 years) from 42 U.S. states. We conducted a large-scale coding effort using the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) to compile the vocational interests, educational requirements, and automation risk levels of career aspirations. Results revealed that most adolescents aspired to careers with low potential for automation. However, there were large discrepancies between the sample’s aspirations and the types of jobs available when the sample entered the workforce. Almost 50% of adolescents aspired to either an investigative or artistic career, which together account for only 8% of the U.S. labor market. There were also notable trends across age and gender, such that aspirations were more gendered among younger adolescents, whereas older adolescents appeared less influenced by gender stereotypes. Overall, findings indicate important discrepancies between young people’s dream jobs and employment realities. We discuss how lofty career aspirations can have both positive and negative effects, and we present implications for career theories and workforce development initiatives aimed at promoting a more dynamic future workforce.
Explaining the association between urbanicity and psychotic-like experiences in pre-adolescence: The indirect effect of urban exposures
Authors: Saxena Abhishek , Dodell-Feder David
Published: June 2021

Urban living is a growing worldwide phenomenon with more than two-thirds of people expected to live in cities by 2050. Although there are many benefits to living in an urban environment, urbanicity has also been associated with deleterious health outcomes, including increased risk for psychotic outcomes particularly when the urban exposure occurs in pre-adolescence. However, the mechanisms underlying this association is unclear. Here, we utilize one-year follow-up data from a large (N=7,979), nationwide study of pre-adolescence in the United States to clarify why urbanicity (i.e., census-tract population density) might impact psychotic-like experiences (PLE) by looking at the indirect effect of eight candidate urbanicity-related physical (e.g., pollution) and social (e.g., poverty) exposures. Consistent with other work, we find that of the evaluated exposures related to urbanicity, several were also related to increased number of PLE: PM2.5, proximity to roads, census-level homes at-risk for exposure to lead paint, census-level poverty, and census-level income-disparity. These same urban-related exposures were also related to the persistence of PLE after a year, but not new onset of PLE. Mediation analysis revealed that a substantial proportion the urbanicity-PLE association (number and persistence) could be explained by PM2.5 (23-44%), families in poverty (68-93%), and income disparity (67-80%). Together, these findings suggest that specific urban-related exposures contribute to the existence and maintenance, but not onset of PLE, which might help to explain why those in urban environments are disproportionately at-risk for psychosis and point towards areas for public health intervention.
Quantifiers satisfying semantic universals are simpler
Authors: van de Pol Iris , Lodder Paul , van Maanen Leendert , Steinert-Threlkeld Shane , Szymanik Jakub
Published: June 2021

Despite wide variation among natural languages, there are linguistic properties thought to be universal to all or almost all natural languages. Here, we consider universals at the semantic level, in the domain of quantifiers, which are given by the properties of monotonicity, quantity, and conservativity. We investigate whether these universals might be explained by differences in complexity. We generate a large collection of quantifiers, based on a simple yet expressive grammar, and compute both their complexities and whether they adhere to these universal properties. We find that quantifiers satisfying semantic universals are less complex: they have a shorter minimal description length.
KOCH C. THE FEELING OF LIFE ITSELF : WHY CONSCIOUSNESS IS WIDESPREAD, BUT CAN’T BE COMPUTED. - CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS: L., ENGLAND : THE MIT PRESS, 2019. - 280 P
Authors:   INION RAN, Sushchin Mikhail
Published: June 2021

In his new book «The Feeling of Life Itself: Why Consciousness Is Widespread, But Can’t Be Computed» C. Koch develops the account of the phenomenon of consciousness from the standpoint of the theory of integrated information proposed by the Italian neuroscientist G. Tononi. The starting point of this theory is the attempt to single out the most important properties of the consciousness itself and, on this basis, to determine what kind of physical systems are capable of having experience. According to the proponents of the theory of integrated information, the key properties of experience include its intrinsic existence, its composition, information, integration, and exclusion. From the statements describing the properties of consciousness, called axioms, the theory derives the statements about the properties of the physical substrate of experience, which are called postulates. The theory of integrated information claims to develop a conceptual apparatus for an exact quantitative assessment of the level of possible experience in any system. This theory formulates several interesting predictions, including the possibility of merging many individual experiences into a single experience, if with the help of some future technology an information bridge is established between the substrates that implement them, and also that consciousness cannot be obtained as a result of simulation on a digital computer.
THE PROBLEM OF DEMARCATION OF SCIENCE AND PSEUDOSCIENCE AND THE IDEA OF FAMILY RESEMBLANCE
Authors:   INION RAN, Sushchin Mikhail
Published: June 2021

The problem of characterization scientific knowledge and its difference from other forms of activity has been discussed since antiquity. Nevertheless, in its modern guise, the problem of demarcation of science and non-science appeared in the works of logical positivists and their critic K. Popper. Thanks to their efforts, this problem has become one of the central problems of the philosophy of science of the XX century. However, the difficulties of the well-known classical and modern criteria of demarcation (including the verificationist and falsificationist criteria) prompted the American philosopher of science L. Laudan to declare «the demise of the demarcation problem». According to Laudan, any satisfactory criterion of demarcation must provide a set of necessary and sufficient conditions, on the basis of which only it will be possible to distinguish between science and non-science. Meanwhile, based on the heterogeneity of the forms of scientific knowledge and long unsuccessful attempts to give a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for what determines science, Laudan concluded that attempts to find the criterion of demarcation are futile. However, as further investigations have showed, Laudan may have been hasty in his conclusions. In particular, one of the promising approaches to the solution of the demarcation problem may be associated with the idea of family resemblance popularized by L. Wittgenstein and the application of developments from the field of fuzzy logic.
Synthesis and elaboration of modified comb type (maleic anhydride-α-tetradecene) copolymers for cold flow improvers of biodiesel
Authors:   University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Phan Mai Thi Tuyet , Luu Boi Van ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Pham Lan Ngoc ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi
Published: June 2021

The maleic anhydride-α-tetradecene copolymer (OMAC) with an approximate relative maleic anhydride to α-tetradecene composition ratio of 1:1.2 was synthesized by free radical copolymerization. The copolymers were modified by the esterification reaction between the anhydride groups and the OH- group of hexadecanol. Comb-type (-maleic acid cetyl ester-co-α-tetradecene-) copolymers (MCEC) with various ratios of alkyl group/carboxyl group (r) were investigated. Upon cooling, the MCEC changed the crystallization state of the wax crystals, and reduced the pour point of the biodiesel, which was observed by pour point and dynamic viscosity testing. The MCEC efficiency that improved the cold flow properties of the biodiesel was found to be correlated to r. MCEC with r=2.76 was found to be the most effective in improving the flow ability of the palm oil biodiesel. Our study demonstrates the ability of MCEC3 at 1000 ppm concentration to reduce the pour point of palm oil biodiesel to 10.5oC and the dynamic viscosity up to 1.04 mPa.s. A correlation was found between the number and the length of the pendant alkyl groups of additives and the compositions of the fatty acid methyl ester of the biodiesel.
Understanding sexual and reproductive health needs of immigrant adolescents in Canada: A scoping review
Authors: Louie-Poon Samantha , Rehmani Mehnaz , Kennedy Megan , Scott Shannon , Salami Bukola , Vallianatos Helen , Meherali Salima
Published: June 2021

Despite the large number of immigrant adolescents in Canada, research on their knowledge of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) and information needs is nearly nonexistent. A scoping review was undertaken following the PRISMA-ScR statement to identify and assess the existing literature regarding SRHR needs of immigrant adolescents in Canada. Of the 1514 articles retrieved from our search strategy, 15 studies met our inclusion criteria. The results from our review identifies three unique themes related to immigrant adolescents’ SRHR needs: knowledge needs, access to SRHR education and services, and approaches to SRHR education and services. Immigrant adolescents’ knowledge needs includes needs on HIV/STI transmission and protection, unintended pregnancy, sexual activity, family planning, pubertal education, navigating the health care system, and confidentiality legislations. Our results revealed that immigrant adolescents’ access SRHR education and services through both school-based and community-based settings. Lastly, approaches to SRHR education and services for immigrant adolescents should include cultural sensitivity, an intersectional approach, interactive learning, a strength-based approach, and reassuring confidentiality rights. The multi-faceted SRHR needs of immigrant adolescents in Canada demonstrates that future research, program development, and policymaking requires careful consideration of these intersecting forces. Inclusive SRHR education and services can be achieved through the employment of a critical cultural approach and intersectional strategies.
Faktor Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan, Harga dan Kepuasan Turis Di Tanjung Lesung Provinsi Banten
Authors: Soehardi Soehardi
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors of service quality, price and satisfaction of foreign and domestic tourists in the Special Economic Zone of Tanjung Lesung, Pandeglang Municipality, Banten Province. The population consisted of foreign and domestic tourists visiting Tanjung Lesung, while the sample used was accidental sampling, with a total of 140 respondents. The quantitative research method used in this study was the analysis of validity, reliability, t test, F test and R square tests with SPSS software. Service quality has a significant effect on tourist satisfaction in the Special Economic Zone of Tanjung Lesung, Pandeglang Municipality, Banten Province. Tourist attractiveness as the main indicator of service quality compared to other indicators such as destination facilities and accessibility to tourist destinations. Price has a significant effect on tourist satisfaction in the Special Economic Zone of Tanjung Lesung, Pandeglang Municipality, Banten Province. Hotel room prices are the main indicator compared to other indicators such as food and beverages prices, sports equipment rental prices and professional fees for tour guides. Service quality and price together have a significant effect on tourist satisfaction in the Special Economic Zone of Tanjung Lesung, Pandeglang Municipality, Banten Province. The natural scenery of the white sand beach resort with a background of sea waves and the Child of Mount Krakatau is the main indicator of tourist satisfaction compared to other indicators such as several tourist visits, security and safety as well as cleanliness and hygiene.
REQUIREMENT FOR THE TOP STRUCTURE OF THE ROADS ON HIGH SPEED RAILWAYS
Authors: Kakharov Z , Kodirov N.
Published: June 2021

Goal: Consider the issue of the requirement for the upper structure of the track on high-speed railways in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Methods: For reliable operation, the rails must be sufficiently strong, durable, wearresistant, hard and at the same time not fragile, since they perceive the shock-dynamic load. The material for the rails is high-strength carbon steel. Results: One of the main features of a continuous welded track is that wellfixed rail strings cannot change their length when the temperature rises or falls. Because of this, significant longitudinal tensile or compressive forces arise in them, which in hot weather can lead to the ejection of the path to the side, and in severe frost - to a fracture of the lash with the formation of a dangerous gap. Practical significance: An analysis from an experimental study shows the use of a continuous-welded track is especially effective on sections of high-speed train traffic, where increased requirements are imposed on the upper structure of the track. Particular attention is paid to the prevention and elimination of wavy wear of the rolling surface of the rails, which is eliminated by grinding them with special rail-grinding trains. The developed techniques can be recommended for practical use.
ANALYSIS OF THE PARAMETERS OF DYNAMIC SUPERPLASTICITY THE INDUSTRIAL ALUMINUM ALLOYS
Authors: Amanbaeva G. , Ismailova Ch.
Published: June 2021

The problem of determining the features of the development of blurred phase transitions observed under conditions of dynamic superplasticity of aluminum alloys is solved using the specific heat capacity function. Within the framework of the developed model representations, the deformation mechanisms characteristic of superplasticity and boundary metastable states are analyzed using the Fokker-Planck equation. Using a macrokinetic model, an explicit expression is obtained for the function that characterizes the mechanism of grain boundary slippage (the “drift " coefficient) that prevails in superplasticity. By integrating the differential equations resulting from the model, the solution of which establishes the type of functions responsible for the implementation of the mechanisms of grain boundary slippage and diffusion processes. It is proposed that the diffusion coefficient is responsible for the accumulation of irreversible deformations outside the velocity range of superplasticity. The function responsible for the effects of grain boundary slippage (the "drift" coefficient) is particularly active towards the middle of the superplasticity velocity interval. It is confirmed that outside the velocity range of superplasticity, there is a redistribution of mass transfer forms, the responsibility for which is assigned to the diffusion coefficient. It is shown that the diffusion function shows a tendency to decrease when approaching the range of superplasticity rates. Metastable states are characterized by the competition of diffusion mechanisms and grain boundary slippage.
KARSKY - NEW WINE HARVEST COMPLEX-RESISTANT GRAPE VARIETY WITH COLORED PULP AND JUICE
Authors: Zamanidi P. , Hristos P. , Vorobeva O. , Pankratova I. , Kondrateva A.
Published: June 2021

The newest Karsky grape variety, complexly stable with colored pulp and juice, was bred in Greece in 2014 by crossing the Ommonia varieties with a mixture of pollen from the EFIAGE-3 and EFIAGE-4 varieties. The duration of the production period is 146-155 days. Vigor of shoot growth is strong (2.1-3.0 m.). The yield is high. The average weight of a bunch is 180 g. It is characterized by high winter hardiness, drought resistance and increased resistance to fungal diseases. The flower is hermaphrodite. Cylindrical-conical bunch of medium density. The berry is small, round, blue-black in color with a thick waxy bloom. The skin is firm and firm. Intensely colored pulp and juice with varietal flavor. The sugar content is very high. The variety is intended for the production of intensely colored wines of various categories, high-quality juices, suitable for the production of grape vodka.
Metainvestigación de la formación. Una perspectiva desde los estudios regionales para la comprensión de las relaciones de formación
Authors: Ruiz Rincón Diana Lizbeth
Published: June 2021

Como campo del conocimiento emergente, los Estudios Regionales tienen la característica de hacer converger diversas disciplinas con el objetivo de atender las problemáticas de índole económico, político, cultural, histórico, social y educativo, entre otros. El abordaje de los estudios regionales a los problemas educativos dependerá en primera instancia del proceso de regionalización, esto es, la delimitación que se haga para la construcción del objeto de estudio. El presente trabajo tiene por propósito presentar un modo de regionalización a partir de las características que identifican y diferencian a las comunidades epistémicas respecto de otras, ello como un modo de abordar la investigación de la investigación educativa, o respecto a la formación de investigadores educativos. Como propuesta metodológica, la Región Epistémica habrá de situar a los agentes del proceso educativo en relación a la generación de conocimiento y los marcos discursivos desde los cuales son formados en el quehacer de la investigación educativa.
Conceptos y contextos para un marco de referencia sobre la alfabetización ambiental en la Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Gutiérrez Gordillo Elisa , Mancilla Gallardo Marisol de Jesús , Ramos Castro Rita Virginia , García Cancino Marisol , López García María Minerva ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
Published: June 2021

El impacto de las ideas y acciones de la especie humana sobre el ecosistema global y los diversos problemas de orden económico, social y político que esta interacción ha generado, han sido objeto de varias reflexiones en distintas disciplinas sociales. De acuerdo a datos proporcionados por la ONU (2016), el daño ocasionado a los diversos ecosistemas en el mundo ha alcanzado ya un nivel crítico y se prevé que la población del planeta alcance una cifra cercana a 9,800 millones de individuos para el año 2050. Los retos han sido afrontados con diversas estrategias en las instituciones y organismos que integran el ámbito educativo en los distintos niveles: ajustes curriculares, incorporación de ejes transversales, procesos de formación y en algunos casos, reformas de los modelos mismos. En lo que respecta a la problemática ambiental, se han generado múltiples propuestas o alternativas de acción desde las distintas disciplinas en el transcurso de las últimas décadas, basadas en referentes filosóficos diversos. Por su mismo origen, dichas propuestas enfatizan características o dimensiones específicas de la problemática ambiental en detrimento de otros factores involucrados, evidenciando de esa forma, la necesidad de abordar su atención desde una perspectiva conjunta. El desarrollo sostenible, propuesto por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas en 1972 es considerado, en este escrito, como una fórmula catalizadora entre todas las intenciones de cambio por su posicionamiento intermedio entre el biocentrismo y antropocentrismo y el conservacionismo y radicalismo promovido por diversas visiones. (Aledo, 2001)
Cosmovisiones en torno al alma y la fundamentación de algunos filósofos
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Muñiz Cruz Néstor de Jesús
Published: June 2021

Aristóteles en una de sus obras “De anima” expresa que en efecto el alma es el principio de los animales, establece es que lo animado parece distinguirse de lo inanimado y principalmente por dos rasgos que son el movimiento y la sensación. Según Aristóteles, el alma es la sustancia del cuerpo. La define como el acto final (entelequia) y primero de un cuerpo que tiene la vida en potencia. El gran filósofo Platón, Maestro del gran Aristóteles también expresa de que el alma se mueve por sí misma, “todo cuerpo que es movido desde afuera es inanimado; al contrario, todo cuerpo que de dentro se mueva de por sí y para sí, será animado; tal es la naturaleza misma del alma y por lo tanto el alma es la causa de la vida. Otros filósofos establecieron que el alma provenía del semen, que estaba en la sangre, que estaba presenta en la mente o como decía Platón; “que el alma estaba encerrada en el mundo de las ideas y que el cuerpo es su prisión. Cuando este espiara sus pecados y se interesara en vida por la sabiduría, este mismo regresaría al mundo de las ideas, donde todo es sabiduría y conocimiento.
La tradición budista Mādhyamika y su concepción del lenguaje
Authors:   Universidad Pedagógica Nacional de Bogotá, Mayorga Sabogal María Fernanda
Published: June 2021

El propósito de este texto es adentrarnos en el conocimiento de la tradición budista mādhyamika. Así, nuestra pretensión es exponer los principios más fundamentales de esta tradición, no solo con el propósito de conocer las bases de la misma, sino también con miras a realizar un análisis sobre la concepción del lenguaje que tiene esta escuela budista. Cabe aclarar que este texto está sustentado, principalmente, en el libro La palabra frente al vacío del filósofo español Juan Arnau, ya que este autor, al ser especialista en filosofía oriental (Arnau, 2003), logra explicar con claridad y con profundidad los temas sobre los que se basa nuestro estudio.
Espacios de académicas y su labor en la investigación en Chiapas
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Estrada Soto Danae , López Gutiérrez Francisco Iván ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, López Gutiérrez Yannett Fabiola ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Grajales García Gabriela ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo tiene la finalidad de mostrar un análisis descriptivo de la situación que prevalece en las universidades públicas del estado de Chiapas con respecto de la participación de las académicas principalmente aquellas que están dirigidas a su labor en la investigación en la entidad, cabe destacar que uno de los criterios para considerar como una carrera consolidada en este sentido es su incorporación al Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI) del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT). Esta es la primera etapa de la investigación donde se muestran solo datos que pretenden dar cuenta de las desigualdades de género existentes en al ámbito académico.
Social Relational Capital as a Community Economic Development Factor
Authors: Rahman Mujib Ur , Malik Muhammad Faizan , Ahmad Wisal
Published: June 2021

The paper examined the impact of relational capitals on community economic development. For this purpose, the handloom business community was taken as a case study from Peshawar Valley. Data was collected through purposive sampling from169 handlooms firms. The results concluded that the impact of relational capital is significant, and the relationship is positive. This study hereby suggests that government and policymakers should invest in making ties and a strong network of firms within and outside of the community; hence with high investment in making strong social-relational capital can develop the entire entrepreneurial communities.
The Impact of Corporate Governance on Working Capital Management (WCM) Efficiency: An Empirical Study of Manufacturing Firms of Pakistan
Authors: Haider Ijlal , Khan Rais , Suhail Muhammad
Published: June 2021

This article examines the impact of corporate governance of manufacturing firms of Pakistan considering Working Capital Management. A quantitative approach is used to analyze and test research hypothesis. Annual reports of forty-seven (47) companies are studied for a period of five years (2010-2014) from 100 index population with the total of 235 observations. Analysis on the obtained data were done using descriptive and regression analysis (Ordinary Least Square) method. Factors considered for corporate governance included Board Size, Board Meeting, and Board Committee Peshawar. Whereas, Working Capital Management was measured by account receivable (days), account inventory (days) and account payable (days). The results of study concludes that no significant impact of corporate governance was observed on Working Capital Management of manufacturing firms in Pakistan.
How to address the Puzzle of Military Intervention into Politics in Developing Democracies by Taking Pakistan as Case Study: A Theoretical Debate
Authors: Shah Ayaz Ali , Shaukat  , Malik Hina
Published: June 2021

This paper discusses why military intervention takes place in developing democracies by taking Pakistan as a case study with a focus on theoretical intricacies. There may be different theoretical explanations as to why the military imposes martial laws and takes the affairs of the state into their own hands. It discusses Samuel P. Huntington's Professionalism, Michael Desch's Structural Theory, based on internal and external threats and other theories of military takeover but what is found in the context of Pakistan but found Samuel Edward Finer's Disposition and Opportunity theory of military takeover more suitable. It suggests that the military in developing democracies where it has historically imposed martial laws is always ready to take over the country but wait for the right opportunity to come. And when the opportunity is presented in the shape of poor governance on the part of civilian leadership, the army makes a comeback and takes over the country.
Determinants of Industrial Sector Growth in Pakistan
Authors: Rahman Mujib Ur , Hafeez Amtul , Ahmad Wisal
Published: June 2021

A strong industrial sector shows greater economic growth. To find industrial growth, this study hereby made an attempt. Time series data is used. Data is obtained from the years 1984 to 2018. The stationarity of the series is checked through Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF). Moreover, the ARDL approach is used to check short and long-run estimation of the model, estimating the determinants of the industrial sector growth in Pakistan. A long-run positive and significant associations between External debt (% of GDP), GDP (Annual Growth), FDI, Remittances (% of GDP) is identified, while trade has a negative effect on industrial growth. The factor remittances have an insignificant but positive influence on the industrial sector growth.