The Development of the Duality Model of Village Government Based on Local Wisdom Tri Hita Karana in Bali Province 1979 to 2019
Authors: I Nyoman Wiratmaja  , I Wayan Sudana  , I Wayan Gede Suacana  
Published: July 2023

The Decentralization and Regional Autonomy Policy issued by the Central Government and the Bali Regional Regulation on Pakraman/Indigenous Villages significantly affects the relationship between the two villages, which is currently a concern that leads to dualism and rivalry. In this regard, Balinese local wisdom, Tri Hita Karana, is urgently laying the foundation for harmonious relationship governance for the two village government systems. A descriptive approach is used in this study. The research was carried out in the Province of Bali. This study uses a purposive sampling technique to determine the research subjects. Collecting data using observation methods, document recording methods, and interview methods. The research was carried out using qualitative methods. The first stage consists of gathering primary and secondary data. The second step is to select a theory to study the data. The third stage is to analyze and interpret the selected data. The fourth stage involves writing and constructing research findings. The findings demonstrated the evolution of the duality model of village government from 1979 to 2019. The Duality Model of Village Government Period I. Overall, the Duality Model of Village Government Period I from 1979 to 1998 can be concluded, with the applicable regulations being Law No. 6 of 1986 concerning the Position, Function, and Role of Traditional Villages as Units of Customary Law Communities in Bali. Duality in Functional Relations and leading government administration between the Traditional Village and the Tri Hita Karana Local Wisdom-Based Service Village has been running well. Village Government Duality Model Period II. Overall, it can be concluded that the Village Government Duality Model Period II in the period 1999 to 2013 with the applicable Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2001 concerning Desa Pakraman and Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2003 concerning Amendments to the Regional Regulation of the Province of Bali No. 3 of 2001 concerning Pakraman Village are the regulations. Duality in Functional Relations and leading government administration between the Traditional Village and the Tri Hita Karana Local Wisdom-Based Service Village has been running well. Village Government Duality Model Period III. Overall, it can be concluded that the Village Government Duality Model Period III in the period 2014 to 2019 with the applicable Law No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government, Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages, and Regional Regulation No. 4 of 2019 on Traditional Villages in Bali are the regulations. Duality in Functional Relations and leading government administration between Traditional Villages and Tri Hita Karana Local Wisdom-Based Service Villages can still run well. The success of indigenous peoples in overcoming the intervention of various external forces is evident in Bali. The principle of duality, the basis of religious teachings, has succeeded in maintaining the coexistence of the Dinas village and the traditional village/ pekraman that live in harmony. It is recognized that it is in the Customary Village unit or Pekramansocial solidarity and social order can be enforced, two things that the Balinese people need to optimize the benefits of government and development that will be more prosperous.