bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMULA ROMANCE DALAM PERFECT ROMANCE KARYA INDAH HANACO: KAJIAN SASTRA FEMINIS
Authors: Intan Tania
Published: December 2020

Romancemerupakan genre fiksi populer yang mengisahkan percintaan di antara dua tokoh (umumnya heteroseksual), yang mengalami permasalahan dalam relasi mereka, namun dapat diselesaikan, dan cerita pun berakhir bahagia. Formula tersebut bersifat konvensional dan menetap. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memverifikasi formulaÂ romanceyang terdapat di dalamÂ Perfect Romancekarya Indah Hanaco. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dengan pendekatan analisis struktural dan kritik sastra feminis. Data berupa kata, frasa, dan kalimat dikumpulkan dari novel tersebut dengan teknik studi pustaka dan dikaji dengan landasan teoritis yang relevan. Teori-teori tentang formula danÂ romancediapropriasi di antaranya dari gagasan Cawelti, Radway, dan Modleski. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan, unsur-unsur konstruktif teks naratif yaitu alur, tokoh, dan latar pada novelÂ Perfect Romancememenuhi kriteria formulaÂ romance. Alur bersifat progresif, memenuhi ketiga belas sekuenÂ romance,ada rintangan dalam percintaan, dan kisah yang berakhir bahagia. Meskipun terungkap adanya deviasi, yaitu cerita yang terpusat pada tokoh laki-laki, serta status tokoh perempuan yang pernah menikah, penokohan dalam novel tersebut relatif sesuai dengan formulaÂ romance. Kehidupan masyarakat urban serta nilai-nilai tentang keluarga yang mapan dan normatif menjadi latar â€˜sihirâ€™ dari percintaan kedua protagonis.
KRITIK SOSIAL DAN NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM NOVEL ORANG-ORANG BIASA KARYA ANDREA HIRATA
Authors: Nandasari Viana , Hasanah Dian Uswatun
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAK Sebuah karya sastra berfungsi untuk memberikan pelajaran bagi pembaca. Salah satunya agar memperhatikan keadaan sosial masyarakat sekaligusÂ  mampu memberikan pelajaran mengenai penanaman pendidikan karakter terhadap pembaca. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kritik sosial dan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel Orang-orang Biasa karya Andrea Hirata. Metode penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori kritik sosial dari Soerjono Soekanto dan Budi Sulistyowati. Teori lain yang digunakan, yaitu pendidikan karakter dari Thomas Lickona. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan simpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kritik sosial dalam novel Orang-orang Biasa terdiri atas kemiskinan, kejahatan, disorganisasi keluarga, masalah generasi muda dalam masyarakat modern, pelanggaran terhadap norma-norma masyarakat, masalah kependudukan, dan birokrasi. Adapun nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang ditemukan adalah kebijaksanaan, keadilan, keberanian, pengendalian diri, cinta, sikap positif, bekerja keras, integritas, syukur, kerendahan hati
Sila Pertama Pancasila
Authors: Aritonang Arthur
Published: December 2020

Paper ini hendak menelusuri sejarah perdebatan yang cukup tajam atas bunyi sila pertama Pancasila di antara kalangan nasionalis dan Islam politik. Persoalan ini tampaknya belum juga tuntas untuk diselesaikan; sebagian masyarakat indonesia belum dapat berdamai dengan bunyi dari sila pertama tersebut. Upaya ini masih terus diperjuangkan baik melalui jalur politik ataupun melalui lahirnya organisasi masyarakat yang berbasis agama. Usaha tersebut sebenarnya secara garis besar hendak menampilkan wajah superioritas dalam beragama di Indonesia yang pada akhirnya mengubah cara beragama di Indonesia dari sebelumnya sangat toleran menjadi intoleran terhadap keberagaman. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa sebagai kelompok yang selalu mengatasnamakan agama sudah mulai mengabaikan makna sila pertama Pancasila. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menekankan gambaran umum bagaimana relasi antar agama pada masa pemerintahan Presiden S. B. Yudhoyono (2004-2014); apakah cara beragama di Indonesia dimasa pemerintahan Presiden S.B. Yudhoyono memperlihatkan nilai dari sila pertama pancasila ataukah malah sebaliknya? Melalui kajian literatur, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan nilai sila pertama Pancasila mengalami degradasi sejak 2004 sampai masa berakhirnya pemerintahan Presiden S. B. Yudhoyono pada 2014. Untuk mengatasi masalah ketidakrukunan umat beragama di Indonesia, masyarakat Indonesia perlu menghidupi nilai dari sila pertama Pancasila.
ERGONOMIC DESIGN OF A TEST FACILITY FOR SCREENING TESTS OF
SOLID-STATE MICROWAVE MODULES
Authors: Kiryanov A.Yu.
Published: December 2020

The effectiveness of the man-machine system is largely determined by the extent to which the human factor is taken into account when designing it. This article presents the method of obtaining initial information needed to identify the conditions of a person`s interactions with a technically sophisticated consumer product, and determines the ergonomic indicators of a test facility for screening tests of solidstate microwave modules.
ANALYSIS OF THE THERMAL STATES OF GLASS-METAL AND CERAMICMETAL TO-PACKAGES UNDER DIFFERENT OPERATION MODES
Authors: Chuprunov A.G. , Sidorov V.A. , Bilarus I.A. , Grishaeva A.S.
Published: December 2020

In this paper we present the results of measurements that reveal the dependences between the temperature of pins and pad on the flange of the package and the time factor when pins are subjected to electric current. Measurements were conducted for the KT-97V glass-metal package and the TO 254 ceramicmetal package. Flange of the KT-97V consists of copper, its pins (15 mm long and 1 mm in diameter) are made of MK wire (covar with copper core). Flange of the TO-254 consists of pseudo-alloy of molybdenum and copper, its pins (15 mm long and 1 mm in diameter) are made of copper wire. Measurements were
conducted at ≈ 24°C ambient temperature.
APRA: Cartas, intelectuales y exilio
Authors: Gonzales Alvarado Osmar
Published: December 2020

El historiador argentino Martín Bergel ha dedicado gran parte de su labor como investigador a estudiar al aprismo peruano, especialmente —pero no solo— en su momento naciente. Este interés se ha expresado en artículos presentados y publicados en reuniones académicas y revistas de diversos países; ahora han sido reunidos en este volumen: La desmesura revolucionaria. Cultura y política en los orígenes del APRA (Lima: La Siniestra Ensayos, 2019). El investigador o lector interesado tiene al alcance de la mano una fuente sustancial para repensar en toda su complejidad al partido político más importante de la historia peruana.
DAMPAK PERSEPSI PESERTA DIDIK TENTANG KETERAMPILAN MENGAJAR GURU DAN FASILITAS BELAJAR TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Pratiwi Risma Dhini Eka , Herwati Kanaria
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh persepsi siswa tentang keterampilan mengajar guru dan fasilitas pembelajaran terhadap minat peserta didik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dan sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 200 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan teknik regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian berupa persamaan regresi linier berganda yang diperoleh berdasarkan perhitungan yaitu Y = 38,630 + 0,234 X1 + 0,613 X2 dengan F hitung = 12,089 sedangkan nilai Ftabel untuk taraf nyata ? = 5%, n = 200 adalah 3,04 maka Fhitung> Ftabel ditemukan pengaruh persepsi peserta didik tentang keterampilan mengajar guru dan fasilitas belajar terhadap minat belajar siswa pada SMK Negeri di Kota Depok.
5. Be(com)ing Antifascist: On Students’ Most Sacred Mission
Authors: Turcotte-Summers Jonathan
Published: December 2020

Abstract What should students be, and be becoming, in the university of the future? In this paper, I take my cue from the 1946 Charter of Grenoble in exploring the possibility of conceptualizing students as both workers and workers-in-training called
to engage in a very particular kind of work: that of defending freedom from oppression. First, I address the relationship between oppression, freedom, and violence, and consider what it might mean to understand involvement in anti-oppression work as a central component of student identity
rather than merely an extra-curricular activity, or something that some students choose to do in addition to studying. Second, I discuss a particular configuration of desire that works to further oppression, namely fascism, which I argue that students have a duty to oppose. Finally, I examine
the political philosophy of antifascism as the historically most effective antidote to fascism, and consider the specific role that students might be called to play in antifascist work. I conclude with a brief exploration of the place of place in determining how students should be—and
be becoming—antifascist, especially in terms of commitments to Indigenous knowledges and worldviews for those of us in colonial and post-colonial contexts.
Film-Induced Tourism Studies on Asia: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Nakayama Chihiro
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to systematically review the academic literature on film-induced tourism in Asia between 2011 and 2020 as a cross-disciplinary study, by identifying the recent trends, delineating the research gaps and the limitations of previous research, and proposing new directions
for future research. Despite an increasing number of studies on film-induced tourism, Anglophonic literature, rather than studies on Asia, receive most focus. This article is the first such attempt at systematically reviewing the literature focusing on Asia. Moreover, previous literature on
Asia lacks in comprehensively understanding film-induced tourism because it overlooks the cross-disciplinary perspective. This article fills this gap by synthesizing the existing literature from a cross-disciplinary perspective. Utilizing a systematic literature review approach, 67 articles
were identified using one of the largest online databases, Web of Science. The results revealed three research trends: film tourism impact, destination image and marketing, and demand and motivation. The following gaps in the literature were also identified: film tourist experiences,
the impact on host communities, tourism policy and regulation, the cultural construction of film tourism, and impact research from different stakeholders' perspectives. Moreover, studies on Asia benefit from expanding the existing concept of film-induced tourism by focusing on the contents
rather than media. This study contributes by filling the gaps of film tourist experiences and cultural construction of film tourism. Furthermore, cross-fertilization of tourism and fandom studies is proposed. Finally, the practical contribution of the study is highlighted—the same contents
can be used repeatedly in various formats for longevity.
Fake News and Propaganda in Political Communication: Effects and Remedies
Authors: Mwita James
Published: December 2020

Fake news has dominated the media debate the world over in recent times. Fake news is used in political discourses to portray the opponent as inefficient, alienated, outsider etc.  Kenya had her election on August 8, 2017, during which time the campaigns were somehow dominated by fake news and propaganda. The Kenyan campaigns were highly polarized and fake news and propaganda were rive in the media; both new and traditional media. In the past elections in Kenya, months leading to elections since the 1980s have been highly charged leading to actual harm; in most cases ethnically and gender inclined. This was highly evident as political parties prepared to nominate the respective flag-bearers for different political positions and subsequent campaigns. As opposed to the campaigns of the 80s and 90s, the situation in the 2000s has been different due to proliferation of media outlets in an environment that is almost lacking in Media and Information Literacy (MIL) programs. This study aimed at analyzing the use of fake news and propaganda in political campaigns leading to August 8 elections in Kenya. We also sought to elucidate the effects of fake news in the Kenyan political landscape. This was done by collecting, viewing and analyzing fake news and propaganda in political campaign discourses leading to the August 8 general elections. Thereafter the paper recommended Media and Information Literacy as a remedy to combat fake news and negative propaganda and arrest their effects.
Faktor Determinan Pemanfaatan Posbindu
Authors: Nurhayati Isnani , Yuniarti Tri , Sunaryanti Sri Sayekti Heni , Iswahyuni Sri , Hidayat Anas Rahmad
Published: December 2020

Background: Posbindu is part of the health service system covering promotive and preventive. Educational institution is dihambau to provide health facilities one of them Posbindu. Students are the most important part of educational institutions to support the need for healthy physical and psychological conditions. Posbindu can detect early risk of untransmitted diseases, including hypertension and obesity at the age of 18 years and above. Purpose of this study is to know the factors that affect the utilization of Posbindu. Methods: of research, a detailed analytical approach, the population of all active students in STIKES Mamba'ul ' Ulum Surakarta 258 people, sampling with purposive random sampling, a sample based on Solvin formula obtained from 94 respondents. Data retrieval using physical test result when in (BMI and blood pressure index) and questionnaire contains about the condition of the respondent's health and the utilization of in, each variable of ordinal and Inteval scale. Results: Respondents with a level of knowledge about Posbindu category quite 79%, BMI category ideal body weight 74%. Conslusion: Normal average blood pressure 65%, regular visit at Posbindu 2x visit. The results of a simple linear regression analysis test in the right factor on the utilization of Posbidu is knowledge, BMI and health status with a significance of 0.000 < 0.05.
Peran Orang Tua Dalam Perkembangan Ketrampilan Awal Literasi Anak
Authors: Pratomo Hafidz Triantoro Aji , Muryanti Muryanti
Published: December 2020

Background: Literacy is a supporting component of children's academic success. Literacy ability is influenced by interdependent language skills. Limitations on early literacy skills increase the chance of academic process obstacles at school age. The role of parents is crucial in the child's development process especially in literacy. Aim this study is to describe correlation between parental variabels and early literacy skills.  Methods: This cross sectional research was conducted with a survey approach. The instrument was developed to explore demographic information, socioeconomic status, and the role of parents in developing early literacy skills. Statistic descriptive and correlation study was conducted to analyse 180 respondent data. Results: The role of parents has contributed to the development of early literacy skills. Parental history, mother's education, and language activities have a positive relationship with the development of early literacy skills. Conclusions: The role of parents is one of the multivariate variables that play a role in the development of early literacy skills. Further search is needed to see the extent of the role of parents in carrying out specific activities that are relevant to children's literacy abilities.
POETRY OF A. A. FET: EKPHRASIS
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the phenomenon of ecphrasis in the poetry of A. FET. The dynamics of FET’s ecphrastic poetics is outlined: from poems tied to a specific work, based on the contradiction of statuarity/sculpture and its overcoming, to an archetypal plot endowed with «flickering» meanings. It is shown how, experimenting with an anthological genre, the frozen plasticity of which is associated with an unambiguous word, FET moves away from it to a suggestive word that reconstructs myth, fluctuating between understanding myth as a culture and myth as a reality, to a multidimensional whole, where the plot becomes an intersection of semantic fields.
Implicit visual sensitivity towards slim versus overweight bodies modulates motor resonance in the primary motor cortex: A tDCS study
Authors: Makris Stergios , Cazzato Valentina
Published: December 2020

Motor resonance (MR) can be influenced by individual differences and similarity in the physical appearance between the actor and observer. Recently, we reported that action simulation is modulated by an implicit visual sensitivity towards normal-weight compared with overweight bodies. Furthermore, recent research has suggested the existence of an action observation network responsible for MR, with limited evidence whether the primary motor cortex (M1) is part of this. We expanded our previous findings with regards to the role of an implicit normal-weight-body preference in the MR mechanism. At the same time, we tested the functional relevance of M1 to MR, by using a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) protocol. Seventeen normal-weight and 17 overweight participants were asked to observe normal-weight or overweight actors reaching and grasping a light or heavy cube, and then, at the end of each video-clip to indicate the correct cube weight. Before the task, all participants received 15 min of sham or cathodal tDCS over the left M1. Measures of anti-fat attitudes were also collected. During sham tDCS, all participants were better in simulating the actions performed by normal-weight compared with overweight models. Surprisingly, cathodal tDCS selectively improved the ability in the overweight group to simulate actions performed by the overweight models. This effect was not associated with scores of fat phobic attitudes or implicit anti-fat bias. Our findings are discussed in the context of relevance of M1 to MR and its social modulation by anti-fat attitudes.
Effect of mild traumatic brain injury on spontaneous activity of rat primary somatosensory cortex and its responsivity to vibrotactile stimulation
Authors: Challener Timothy , Tommerdahl Mark , Favorov Oleg
Published: December 2020

While it has been previously demonstrated that concussion severity can be assessed using sensory tests of cortical functionality, the underlying neural mechanisms affected by concussion are still poorly understood. By using an animal model, it is possible to directly observe the neurophysiological effects of concussion, and thus shed light on the underlying changes in cortical functionality. In order to assess the effects of a single concussion, we recorded spike discharge activity of neurons in the rat primary somatosensory cortex prior to as well as 6-12hr and 78-86hr after a mild weight-drop impact-acceleration closed-head trauma. During the 6-12hr post-impact period, cortical spontaneous activity was elevated by 40% compared to the healthy control state, but its responsivity to vibrotactile stimulation was not significantly affected. However, the responsivity to vibrotactile stimulation did decline in the 78-86hr post-impact period. Also during this period, spontaneous activity in the middle and upper cortical layers was reduced by 35% below the healthy control state, but it remained high in the deep layers. We also recorded somatosensory cortical activity 6-12hr after delivering a second head trauma, identical to the one delivered 72hr prior. Although the two impacts mechanically were the same, the neurophysiological effect of the second impact was very different from that observed after the first impact: both the stimulus-evoked response and spontaneous activity were significantly reduced as compared to the same time period after the first impact. These findings demonstrate that mTBI alters the functional state of the somatosensory cortex in a post-injury time-dependent manner.
Design and Development of Soil Moisture Based Automatic Irrigation System in Nepal
Authors: Jha Shiva Kumar , Tarafder Mita , Dhibar Deepak , Pokharel Bhanu , Shrestha Jiban , Koirala Keshab Babu
Published: December 2020

A prototype soil moisture based an automated irrigation system were developed at National Maize Research Program in 2018 to study the water requirement of drought tolerant crop genotype. The irrigation system has been controlled by Arduino UNO as a micro controller. The instant soil moisture data were collected either in Excel format or graphical format using internet of things through the programming of Global System for Mobile Communication: Subscriber Identity Module (GSM:SIM card) of Nepal Telecom. The developed automated irrigation system has found maintained the predetermined threshold soil moisture. This automated irrigation system has been developed to make applicable for drip irrigation system which has operated at low water pressure maintained by 1.5² professional-grade solenoid valve. The introduction of this automated irrigation system has developed the base for Nepalese agricultural scientist in designing and promoting irrigation technology to make Nepalese agricultural more sustainable, mechanized and productive.
Kompetensi Profesional Guru dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan
Authors: Sulastri Sulastri , Fitria Happy , Martha Alfroki
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kompetensi profesional guru dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SMP Negeri 8 Prabumulih menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif etnografi dan fenomenologis. Penelitian menggunakan sampel populasi yakni sampel penelitian sama dengan jumlah populasi yakni 62 orang guru dan pegawai. Teknis analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif naratif yang diterapkan dengan tiga jalur yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa: 1) kompetensi Guru SMP Negeri 8 Prabumulih relatif baik; 2) upaya-upaya yang dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah dan guru dalam mengembangkan kompetensi professional dengan mengikuti diklat, pelatihan penataran, workshop, dan kelompok kerja guru, dan 3) kendala yang dihadapi diantaranya penguasaan ilmu dan teknologi yang masih kurang, kurang kreatifitas guru, guru yang mengajar bukan dibidangnya
Pengaruh Sarana Prasarana dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Guru
Authors: Angrainy Anggi , Fitria Happy , Fitiani Yessi
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk: 1) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh sarana prasarana terhadap kinerja guru kinerja guru; 2) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja guru; 3) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh sarana prasarana dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja guru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: 1) sarana prasarana berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru; 2) lingkungan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru; 3) sarana prasarana dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru
Pengaruh Supervisi Akademik Kepala Sekolah dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri Air Salek
Authors: Pujianto Pujianto , Arafat Yasir , Setiawan Andi Arif
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh supervisi akademik kepala sekolah dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasional. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 30 orang yaitu guru-guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri jalur 8 Kecamatan Air Salek Kabupaten Banyuasin. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis korelasi dan regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) supervisi akademik kepala sekolah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri Jalur 8 Air Salek Banyuasin; (2) Lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri Jalur 8 Air Salek Banyuasin, dan (3) supervisi akademik kepala sekolah dan lingkungan kerja secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri Jalur 8 Air Salek Banyuasin
Comparing the Visual Analog Scale and the Numerical Rating Scale in Patient-reported Outcomes in Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Ye Weiyu , Hackett Simon , Vandevelde Claire , Twigg Sarah , Helliwell Philip S. , Coates Laura C.
Published: December 2020

Objective.

Patient self-report scales are invaluable in psoriatic arthritis (PsA), as they allow physicians to rapidly assess patient perspectives of disease activity. We aimed to assess the agreement of the visual analog scale (VAS), a 100-mm horizontal line, and the numerical rating scale (NRS), a 21-point scale ranging from 0 to 10 in increments of 0.5, in patients with PsA.

Methods.

Data were collected prospectively across 3 UK hospital trusts from 2018 to 2019. All patients completed the VAS and NRS for pain, arthritis, skin psoriasis (PsO), and global disease activity. A subset completed an identical pack 1 week later. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. Agreement was assessed using medians and the Bland-Altman method. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess test-retest reliability. Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to assess dependency between scale scores and clinical variables.

Results.

Two hundred ten patients completed the study; 1 withdrew consent. Thus, 209 were analyzed. For pain, arthritis, skin PsO, and global disease activity, the difference between the VAS and NRS lay mostly within 1.96 SD of the mean, suggesting reasonable agreement between the 2 scales. Among the patients, 64.1% preferred the NRS. The ICCs demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability for both VAS and NRS. Higher VAS and NRS scores were associated with increased tender/swollen joint count, poorer functional status, and greater life impact.

Conclusion.

The VAS and NRS show reasonable agreement in key patient-reported outcomes in PsA. Results from both scales are correlated with disease severity and life impact.
Figures de la science dans des contextes de conception
Authors: Gentès Annie , Gentès Annie , Peneau Justine , Peneau Justine
Published: December 2020

Nous nous intéressons aux enjeux de la représentation de la science dans des milieux de conception à partir d’une filature de trois ans de deux physiciens impliqués dans des dispositifs de conception. Notre hypothèse est que les scientifiques y modulent leur posture et y affirment certains aspects de la science en adoptant plusieurs « rôles », au sens de Goffman, afin de permettre de nouvelles collaborations entre les disciplines. Cette analyse permet de repérer des formes de dramaturgie de la science, au sens de Habermas, au travers de cinq « figures » tirées des discours des deux physiciens : « le professeur universitaire », « l’honnête homme », « l’expert », « le chercheur-mentor et le scientifique-créateur ». Nous observons que ces figures sont représentatives mais plus encore, qu’elles sont créatives et donnent lieu à de nouvelles situations de conception.
Le rôle du capital humain prémigratoire dans l’intégration économique des immigrés en France : compétences métier vs compétences transversales
Authors: Ukrayinchuk Nadiya , Chojnicki Xavier
Published: December 2020

L’objectif de cet article est de différencier le rôle joué par les compétences transversales et les compétences métier accumulées à l’étranger, sur les chances d’accéder à un emploi en France, ainsi que sur l’adéquation de cet emploi et du niveau de salaire avec les compétences prémigratoires. Pour quantifier l’impact de la transférabilité du capital humain, les données de l’enquête Trajectoires et Origines (2008) sont utilisées. Le capital humain prémigratoire joue un rôle important aussi bien sur les chances d’accès à un emploi, que pour le maintien ou la progression de la position socioprofessionnelle, ainsi que pour la rémunération des immigrés. En utilisant plusieurs indicateurs d’intégration des immigrés, quantitatifs et qualitatifs, on s’aperçoit qu’à l’exception des compétences linguistiques, les autres compétences transversales ne jouent pas le rôle attendu en tant que vecteur d’intégration. À l’inverse, les compétences métier permettent une meilleure intégration économique. Par ailleurs, les effets négatifs d’un faible niveau de transférabilité des compétences métier sur l’intégration économique se maintiennent.
Déchiffrer la grippe russe. Quand une pandémie devient un événement statistique (1889-1893)
Authors: Vagneron Frédéric
Published: December 2020

L’usage des chiffres pour décrire l’ampleur de l’épidémie de grippe constitue une innovation savante à la fin du xix e  siècle en France. L’article décrit le rôle de statisticiens français comme Jacques Bertillon et Victor Turquan dans la mise à jour des chiffres témoignant de la gravité de la grippe de 1889-1890, grâce au calcul de la surmortalité sur la période. Les études statistiques réalisées entre 1890 et 1893 ont non seulement produit un bilan de mortalité inédit pour le pays à l’échelle du siècle, mais aussi apporté un argument décisif à l’hypothèse de contagiosité de la maladie. Ils ont confirmé les informations fournies par la nouvelle presse de l’époque, qui avait la première suivi la propagation de la pandémie grâce au réseau de télégraphe. Au niveau politique, ces nouveaux savoirs statistiques sur la pandémie ont pourtant été relégués au rôle d’accident de la mortalité nationale, face à la tendance inquiétante de dépopulation nationale à la fin du xix e  siècle. Parce qu’elle saisit la grippe indissociablement de ses complications, le succès de la mesure des épisodes grippaux par la surmortalité ne s’est pas démenti depuis.
La catégorie de l’ honnête dans Les Dames Galantes de Brantôme
Authors: Pouey-Mounou Anne-Pascale
Published: December 2020

Peut-on parler d’éthique de l’amour dans Les Dames galantes  ? On tentera d’en reconstituer des fragments à travers les mots-clés d’un code de l’honneur implicite, détourné sous la notion de hardiesse et dominé par l’obsession de l’ escandale . Sous les débauches de la cour, Brantôme explore ainsi un art de vivre et de conter, dans le heurt du code chevaleresque et des convenances, des valeurs masculines et féminines, d’une recherche de civilité et d’un durcissement politique et moral.
Análisis bibliométrico sobre Ética del Trabajo Social en España (1900-2015)
Authors: Idareta-Goldaracena Francisco , Viscarret-Garro Juan Jesús , Ballestero-Izquierdo Alberto , Úriz-Pemán María Jesús
Published: December 2020

La identidad del trabajo social es eminentemente moral y en la consolidación de la misma ha tenido mucho que ver la producción científica en materia de ética publicada hasta la fecha. Por ello, el propósito del presente artículo consiste en analizar esta producción científica en el área de ética del trabajo social a nivel nacional. Para ello, se realiza un análisis de carácter descriptivo-observacional de la producción publicada en España en revistas y monográficos del área de ciencias sociales desde 1900 a 2015. El análisis cualitativo da cuenta de los años de mayor producción científica, de las revistas y las editoriales más destacadas, así como de los autores que más publicaciones poseen sobre esta materia. Esta investigación, la primera de sus características en España, confirma la correcta adecuación de la periodización establecida por estudios previos sobre la historia de la ética del trabajo social en este país.
La maison, le nombril, le monde
Authors: Marques Ana Claudia
Published: December 2020

La notion de maison donne lieu à des débats qui contribuent à redessiner, redéfinir, étendre et limiter le champ de la parenté en anthropologie. Dans cet article, j’entends approfondir cette corrélation entre la maison et la parenté et, pour ce faire, j’opère un changement de point de vue en envisageant cette dernière sous l’angle non de ce qu’elle est, mais de ce qu’elle fait et de ce dont elle est faite. Mon argumentation s’appuie principalement sur le matériau ethnographique que j’ai collecté dans le sertão du Pernambouc ou lors de recherches réalisées auprès de divers groupes et communautés du Brésil. Je réfléchis ainsi sur les savoirs locaux autour des soins donnés aux enfants, en m’intéressant notamment aux soins apportés au cordon ombilical. J’examine comment l’opposition donné vs. construit se manifeste concrètement dans des perspectives et des contextes empiriques différents. Je donne ainsi davantage d’importance à la continuité et à la composition entre les maisons, ainsi qu’à leurs occupants et au monde, plutôt qu’à leur discontinuité et à leur opposition. Ce nouveau regard sur le donné et le construit conduit à concevoir la contingence comme un destin.
« Nos anciens ont écrit avec leur sang. Nous, nous tenons à écrire avec des stylos ! »
Authors: Woitchik Juliette
Published: December 2020

Cet article porte sur les dispositifs pédagogiques aménagés au sein de la Licenciatura Intercultural do Sul da Mata Atlântica, programme d’enseignement supérieur destiné aux étudiants indigènes, ouvrant l’espace universitaire aux savoirs « traditionnels ». En replaçant cet enseignement dans le contexte des luttes pour les terres et les droits indigènes, il est possible de montrer en quoi, malgré son caractère institutionnel, le programme parvient, grâce à ses outils pédagogiques, à échapper à une essentialisation de la culture et des identités.
Mythos Dresden, de l’image de la ville à la ville-image
Authors: Bertho Raphaële
Published: December 2020

Joyau architectural de la Renaissance, le centre-ville de Dresde est réduit en cendres en 1945 et devient immédiatement mythique. Un passé que les architectes vont tenter de faire revenir à la vie dans le sillage de la réunification allemande. Cette quête d’une cité idéalisée donne lieu à diverses opérations de reconstitution, en pierre, en pigment et pixel, dans lesquels les vedute peintes par Belotto au milieu du XVIIIe siècle vont être élevées au rang de modèle de référence. On assiste alors à la reprise d’une production narrative et à sa réactualisation dans le processus de reconstruction de la ville contemporaine. Il s’agit d’analyser l’articulation des deux temps de la constitution d’un imaginaire urbain, de ce Mythos Dresden, marqué par la dimension visuelle de la construction mémorielle.
Brain Tumor Detection and Classification Based on Histogram Equalization Using Machine Learning
Authors: Niharika Naralasetty , Patel Sakshi , K. P. Bharath , Subramanian Balaji , M. Rajesh Kumar
Published: December 2020

Brain tumor is a hazardous disease. It has to be treated rightly because the patient cannot survive for even a year. This research work is to design a mechanized system that discerns benign and malignant tumor images and improves the classification accuracy. In this system, histogram equalization is used to raise the intensity of tumor so that it can be detected more precisely. In the projected system, segmentation is performed by k-means clustering and Gaussian mixture model (GMM). Along with them, the authors are extracting the features from discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and feature reduction from principal component analysis (PCA). The classifiers support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) are used to classify benign and malignant tumor from brain images.
Finding Facial Emotions From the Clutter Scenes Using Zernike Moments-Based Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Zhong Wencan , Mahesh Vijayalakshmi G. V. , Raj Alex Noel Joseph , Ruban Nersisson
Published: December 2020

Finding faces in the clutter scenes is a challenging task in automatic face recognition systems as facial images are subjected to changes in the illumination, facial expression, orientation, and occlusions. Also, in the cluttered scenes, faces are not completely visible and detecting them is essential as it is significant in surveillance applications to study the mood of the crowd. This chapter utilizes the deep learning methods to understand the cluttered scenes to find the faces and discriminate them into partial and full faces. The work proves that MTCNN used for detecting the faces and Zernike moments-based kernels employed in CNN for classifying the faces into partial and full takes advantage in delivering a notable performance as compared to the other techniques. Considering the limitation of recognition on partial face emotions, only the full faces are preserved, and further, the KDEF dataset is modified by MTCNN to detect only faces and classify them into four emotions. PatternNet is utilized to train and test the modified dataset to improve the accuracy of the results.
Transgender Athletes' Experiences With Health Care in the Athletic Training Setting
Authors: Munson Emily Elizabeth , Ensign Kristine A.
Published: December 2020

Context

The term transgender refers to individuals whose gender identity does not match their sex assigned at birth. Transgender people often report negative health care experiences, leading many to avoid seeking care. The experiences of transgender athletes with athletic trainers (ATs) are currently unknown.

Objective

To describe common experiences they have had with ATs and to identify barriers transgender athletes may encounter when seeking care.

Design

Qualitative phenomenologic study.

Setting

Individual phone interviews.

Patients or Other Participants

Nine transgender participants from high school (n = 2), collegiate (n = 4), club (n = 2), and semiprofessional (n = 1) athletics (age = 23.56 ± 5.32 years). Participants were either current athletes or had been athletes within the past 5 years. They consisted of transgender men (n = 3), transgender women (n = 3), and nonbinary or genderqueer people (n = 4), with 1 participant identifying as both a transgender man and nonbinary.

Data Collection and Analysis

Participants completed semistructured phone interviews that addressed positive and negative experiences, avoidance, and perceived AT knowledge of transgender concerns. The interviews were analyzed for themes and evaluated with a peer reviewer. Member checking was conducted to validate the findings.

Results

Three main themes emerged. Education described ATs' knowledge of transgender concerns and receptiveness to learning. Primacy of the patient addressed ATs' behaviors when interacting with transgender athletes. Environment involved how social environments affected transgender athletes' comfort with ATs. Participants commonly perceived a lack of clinician education on transgender needs, which combined with a lack of support or hostile environment to lead to discomfort and avoidance. Respecting privacy, demonstrating support, and being open to education led to positive experiences.

Conclusions

Athletic trainers can improve their care of transgender athletes in several areas. Information about transgender people should be included in athletic training curriculums. Athletic trainers can also use inclusive language, signal that facilities are safe for all, and be familiar with resources for transgender athletes.
Canavan Disease
Authors: Gowda Vykuntaraju K. , Bharathi Narmadham K. , Bettaiah Jamunashree , Bhat Maya , Shivappa Sanjay K.
Published: December 2020

Background:

Canavan disease (CD) is an autosomal recessively inherited leukodystrophy. It affects one in 6,400 to 13,500 people in the Jewish population. However, prevalence and presentation of the disease in India is largely unknown; hence, we are reporting this series.

Methods:

This is a retrospective chart review in a tertiary care hospital from January 2015 to March 2020. CD was confirmed by elevated N- acetyl aspartate (NAA) levels in urinary gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GCMS)/increased NAA peak in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and/or detection of mutations. The data was extracted in a predesigned proforma and analyzed.

Results:

We had 12 children with mean age at presentation being 6.8 months (range 3 months to 10 months.). Males were more commonly affected (83.3%, n = 10). Ten children (83.3%) were born out of consanguineous parentage. All of them had visual impairment and pyramidal signs. Seizures were noted in five (42%) children. Normal head size in three (25%) and microcephaly in two (16.66%) cases were noted. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed signal changes with bilateral symmetric T2W white matter (WM) hyperintensities in subcortical U fibers in all cases. MRS was done in ten children, all of which showed increased NAA peak. Increased level of NAA in urinary GCMS was noted in six out of eight children. Six cases had homozygous pathogenic variants in ASPA gene. Antenatal diagnosis helped in prevention of recurrence in three families.

Conclusion:

Urinary NAA and MRS showing NAA peak are useful in diagnosis of CD. Macrocephaly is not a necessary finding to diagnose CD. Early diagnosis helps in genetic counseling and prevention of subsequent conceptions.
Nonautomated Blood Cultures in a Low-Resource Setting: Optimizing the Timing of Blind Subculture
Authors: Ombelet Sien , Peeters Marjan , Phe Chhundy , Tsoumanis Achilleas , Kham Chun , Teav Syna , Vlieghe Erika , Phe Thong , Jacobs Jan
Published: December 2020

Laboratory procedures for blood cultures in a hospital in Phnom Penh were adapted to optimize detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei, an important pathogen in this setting. The effects of these changes are analyzed in this study. Blood cultures consisted of two BacT/ALERT bottles (bioMérieux, Marcy-l’Etoile, France). Growth was detected visually by daily inspection of the bottles. In 2016, the aerobic–anaerobic pair (FA/FN FAN) was substituted by an aerobic pair of BacT/ALERT FA Plus bottles. Blind subculture (BS) (subculture in the absence of visual growth) was advanced from day 3 to day 2 of incubation in July 2016. In July 2018, it was further advanced to day 1 of incubation. From July 2016 to October 2019, 9,760 blood cultures were sampled. The proportion of cultures showing pathogen growth decreased from 9.6% to 6.8% after the implementation of the laboratory changes (P < 0.001). Advancing the BS from day 3 to day 2 led to an increased proportion of pathogens detected by day 3 (92.8% versus 82.3%; P < 0.001); for B. pseudomallei, this increase was even more remarkable (92.0% versus 18.2%). Blind subculture on day 1 similarly increased the proportion of pathogens detected by day 2 (82.9% versus 69.0% overall, 66.7% versus 10.0% for B. pseudomallei; both P < 0.001). However, after implementation of day 1 subculture, a decrease in recovery of B. pseudomallei was observed (12.4% of all pathogens versus 4.3%; P < 0.001). In conclusion, earlier subculture significantly shortens time to detection and time to actionable results. Some organisms may be missed by performing an early subculture, especially those that grow more slowly.
Case Report: Scabies Invading Gingival Tissue
Authors: Dantas Martins Hélder Domiciano , Brasil Junior Ozawa , Inaoka Sirius Dan , Lyra Tácio Candeia , Cançado Castellano Lucio Roberto , Elias da Cruz Perez Danyel , Weege Nonaka Cassiano Francisco , Ferreti Bonan Paulo Rogerio
Published: December 2020

Non–plaque-induced lesions may occur on the gingiva as medical disorders or manifestations of systemic conditions. Scabies is a parasitic infection caused by Sarcoptes scabiei. Here, we present the first case of oral scabies reported in the literature located on the gingiva in a 43-year-old woman. She was admitted to the hospital complaining of an ulcerative lesion on the gingiva with unknown duration, with a suggestive diagnosis of pemphigoid. A diagnosis of scabies infestation was made based on the visualization of eggs and larvae/nymph forms. The treatment consisted of 100 mg of ivermectin (three times per day for 15 days), supplemental oral hygiene with chlorhexidine, and extensive cleaning. The follow-up was made 30 days after treatment with ivermectin. The patient did not report side effects, with skin and oral lesions completely healed. Based on this, we need to perform a thoughtful ectoscopy examination and be alert to signs that indicate unusual causes to diagnose correctly and choose the appropriate treatment.
Naturally Acquired Resistance to Ixodes scapularis Elicits Partial Immunity against Other Tick Vectors in a Laboratory Host
Authors: Lynn Geoffrey E. , Diktas Husrev , DePonte Kathleen , Fikrig Erol
Published: December 2020

In many regions where ticks negatively impact public health or economic production, multiple medically important tick species may have overlapping geographic distribution, and in North America, this includes members ofIxodes,Dermacentor, andAmblyommagenera. Acquired tick resistance is the process by which some animals develop an immune response against feeding ticks after one or more exposures. This form of immunity can restrict the ability of ticks to feed and may inhibit transmission of pathogens. Likewise, many proteins present in tick saliva are conserved among tick species, and prior studies have reported cross-protective host immunity against certain combinations of ticks. In this study, we used a guinea pig model to assess whether host resistance againstIxodes scapulariscould confer protection against two other medically important tick vectors,Dermacentor variabilisandAmblyomma americanum. Tick challenges using nymphs were used to induce host resistance against a primary species, followed by additional challenge using a secondary tick species. Tick attachment to hosts and engorgement weights were reduced significantly forD. variabilisandA. americanumfeeding onI. scapularis–sensitized hosts. Reciprocally,I. scapularisengorgement weights were reduced to a lesser extent, and attachment was unaffected when feeding on hosts sensitized with eitherD. variabilisorA. americanum. These results indicate that immunity againstI. scapulariscould potentially be exploited for use in an anti-tick vaccine targeting multiple tick species and their associated pathogens.
ética kantiana como base para una educación con caracter moral
Authors: Sarango Zárate Enrique
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo explicita la propuesta de la ética kantiana, se expone cómo la buena voluntad acompañada de la razónpuede generar acciones por deber y llegar, así, al imperativo categórico. No obstante, se hace un deslinde también de todasaquellas acciones que aparentemente ocurren por deber, pero que solo son acciones conforme al deber, es decir, que se rigenbajo un imperativo hipotético. Por último, se extrapola la propuesta kantiana y se da cuenta la importancia de tenerlacomo base moral en la educación, es decir, porque hay que actuar por deber y no conforme al deber, porque ver a laspersonas como fin en sí mismo y no como medios para obtener fines personales.
Adaptación de los Padres de Familia con hijos con Síndrome de Down.
Authors: Neria Sánchez Anayeli , Lechuga Gutiérrez María Magdalena , Salgado Guadarrama Jannet Delfina , Álvarez Orozco María Eugenia , Alvarado Reyes Efraín Rodolfo , Álvarez Hernández Helí Jesset
Published: December 2020

El Síndrome de Down es un trastorno genético del cromosoma 21 caracterizado por una trisonomía y existen tres variantes: trisonomía simple, translocación y mosaicismo. Este produce retraso del desarrollo mental y psicomotor e implica un proceso adaptativo de los padres de familia. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, transversal y descriptiva en una muestra de doce padres de familia a quienes se aplicó el Cuestionario de adaptación familiar con hijos con Síndrome de Down de la Universidad Pontificia ICAI, ICADE COMILAS, Madrid; concluyéndose, que el cuidado recae en las mujeres, el 50% es separado o divorciado, 100% conocía el diagnóstico antes del nacimiento, 83% acude a centros de estimulación privada y 50% refiere les generó más problemas de pareja de los que esperaban.