bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Une Arcadie des ordures
Authors: Scappetone Jennifer
Published: April 2017

Résumé Propos orduriers
The Aces
Authors: Clouette Fabien , Leclerc Quentin
Published: April 2017

Résumé Feuilleton pour un drôle de Gus
Désaccordlire
Authors: Rabau Sophie
Published: April 2017

Résumé Chronique/ Sabotage littéraire, saison 2
Phytosociological analysis of riverine forests in the Vipava and Reka Valleys (southwestern Slovenia) / Fitocenološka analiza obrežnih gozdov v Vipavski dolini in dolini Reke (jugozahodna Slovenija)
Authors: Dakskobler Igor
Published: April 2017

Applying the standard Central-European method we studied the phytosociology of riverine forests along the rivers Vipava, Lijak, Branica, Raša and Reka with its tributaries in southwestern Slovenia and compared them to similar riverine forests along some other Slovenian rivers (Soča, Sava Bohinjka, Krka, Mirna, Sava, Drava, Mura, Rašica, Dragonja), and with similar communities in Austria and northeastern Italy. Based on this comparison we described the following syntaxa: Lamio orvalae-Salicetum albae ass. nov., with two new subassociations: -caricetosum pendulae and -ranunculetosum lanuginosae, Lamio orvalae-Alnetum glutinosae ass. nov. Ornithogalo pyrenaici-Carpinetum betuli lamietosum orvalae subass. nov. and Pseudostellario-Carpinetum betuli leucojetosum aestivi subass. nov. Key words: phytosociology, synsystematics, Salicion albae, Alnion incanae, Fraxino pannonicae-Carpinion betuli, Erythronio-Carpinion, Natura 2000, Vipava Valley, Slovenia Po standardni srednjeevropski metodi smo fitocenološko raziskali obrežne gozdove ob rekah Vipavi, Lijaku, Branici, Raši in Reki s pritoki v jugozahodni Sloveniji in jih primerjali s podobnimi logi vzdolž nekaterih drugih slovenskih rek (Soče, Save Bohinjke, Krke, Mirne, Save, Rašice, Drave, Mure in Dragonje) in s podobnimi združabmi v Avstriji in severovzhodni Italiji. Na podlagi te primerjave smo opisali naslednje sintaksone: Lamio orvalae-Salicetum albae ass. nov., z dvema novima subasociacijama: -caricetosum pendulae in -ranunculetosum lanuginosae, Lamio orvalae- Alnetum glutinosae ass. nov. Ornithogalo pyrenaici-Carpinetum betuli lamietosum orvalae subass. nov. in Pseudostellario- Carpinetum betuli leucojetosum aestivi subass. nov. Ključne besede: fitocenologija, sinsistematika, Salicion albae, Alnion incanae, Fraxino pannonicae-Carpinion betuli, Erythronio-Carpinion, Natura 2000, Vipavska dolina, Slovenija
Paleogenski morski ježki iz osrednjega dela zahodne Slovenije / Paleogene sea urchins from central part of west Slovenia
Authors: Mikuž Vasja , Šoster Aleš
Published: April 2017

V prispevku so obravnavani morski ježki iz paleogenskih skladov osrednjega dela zahodne Slovenije. Njihova številna najdišča so v Goriških brdih, na širšem območju Vipavske doline, v Braniški dolini in na Vremščici. Obravnavani so izključno nepravilni morski ježki, primerki pravilnih niso najdeni. Ugotovljeni mikrofosili v najdiščih kažejo na njihovo spodnjeeocensko – cuisijsko starost. Največ primerkov je iz družin reda Spatangoida L. Agassiz, 1840. Ključne besede: morski ježki, paleogen, eocen, Goriška brda, Vipavska dolina, Braniška dolina, Vremščica, Slovenija The contribution deals with sea urchins in Paleogene beds of central western Slovenia. Their numerous localities occur at Goriška brda, in wider environs of Vipava river valley, in Branik valley and on Mt. Vremščica. Studied were exclusively the irregular sea urchins, since no regular forms were found. Microfossils found at localities indicate the Lower Eocene – Cuisian age. The most frequent specimens belong to families of order Spatangoida L. Agassiz, 1840. Key words: sea urchins, Paleogene, Eocene, Goriška brda, Vipavska dolina, Braniška dolina, Vremščica, Slovenia
Collaborative Learning in Authentic Environment Apps to Promote Preschool Basic Scientific Process Skills
Authors: Mohd Yunos Mohd Amerul Akmal , Atan Noor Azean , Mohamad Said Mohd Nihra Haruzuan , Mokhtar Mahani , Abu Samah Norazrena
Published: April 2017

This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile learning app based on collaborative learning in authentic environment (known as AKSES) and its impact on the preschool students’ basic scientific process skills competency namely; observation, classification and communication. In addition, the study also investigated competency patterns of the students’ skills. This study was a quantitative study which used two sets of instruments which looked into AKSES application and marking rubrics of the students’ basic scientific process skills. Based on quasi-experimental study, the duration of the study was seven weeks and six learning activities were implemented. Two rural preschools were selected based on quota sample selection and 25 students were in each controlled and treatment groups. Analysis of the survey data was carried out in the form of descriptive and inferential analysis involving Mann-Whitney U test. The Mann-Whitney U test analysis found significant differences in competency patterns of basic scientific process skills in both groups. Meanwhile, the competency patterns of basic scientific process skills indicated positive increase among all preschool students after the utilization of AKSES application in learning activities based on collaborative learning strategy in an authentic environment.
Empathy and Mobile Applications
Authors: Papoutsi Chara , Drigas Athanasios
Published: April 2017

Mobile devices, such as mobile phones and personal digital assistants, have gained wide-spread popularity and are part of the everyday life of billions of people. Today’s mobile phones represent a rich and powerful computing platform, given their sensing, processing, social and communication capabilities. Empathy is the ability to identify with and understand another person’s situation and feelings. Our ability to empathize affects how well we communicate our thoughts and feelings with others, how well we understand others, and how comfortable people feel communicating with us. Mobile devices have made a huge step in trying to cultivate empathy to people and different social groups through interesting applications.
Realtime Online Daily Living Activity Recognition Using Head-Mounted Display
Authors: Al Huda Fais , Tolle Herman , Andrie Asmara Rosa
Published: April 2017

Human activity recognition is one of the popular research fields. The results of this study can be applied to many other fields such as the military, commercialism, and health. With the advent of the wearable head mounted display device mainly like google glass raises the possibility of this research. In this study tries to identify everyday activities are often called the ambient activity. Development of the system is done online using a smartphone and a head mounted display. The system produces an accuracy above 90%, which can be concluded that the system was able to recognize the activities with great accuracy.
Driving and Fuel Consumption Monitoring with Internet of Things
Authors: Husni Emir
Published: April 2017

Problems related to fuel consumption efficiency are likely to occur in a car rental company. A system for the Internet of Things – VISCar to monitor fuel consumption on Android mobile application is proposed to solve the problem. The VISCar has four features, including driving behavior analysis, monitoring, notification, and location and route to the gas station. This system consists of three subsystems: connector, server, and user interface. Car’s engine data is scanned by OBDII and sent via Bluetooth to Raspberry Pi then passed using 3G connection to the server and being stored. The data can be accessed by users through a mobile application via MQTT and processed on server for analysis. The test results show VISCar has been successfully built and implemented to monitor fuel consumption efficiency for the car rental company.
Anomalous Magneto-Electric Properties in Chalcopyrite MnGeP2 Films
Authors: Kim Yun Ki , Ketterson J.B.
Published: April 2017

We have successfully grown MnGeP2 thin films and Ge and MnGeP2 alloy films on GaAs(100) substrate. Magnetization measurements have been performed on MnGeP2 film samples at temperatures from 5 to 400 K. The measurements have shown that there are a ferromagnetic to paramagnetic transition above room temperature. Field dependent magnetization experiments have shown a coercive field of 160, 1400, 3900 Oe at 300, 250 and 5 K, respectively. A negative magnetoresistance (MR) has been found with a maximum change less than 2% at 5 T and 5 K. The MR measurements on the films have displayed hysteric behaviors with respect to the external field sweep at low fields at temperature below the ferromagnetic transition. Anomalous Hall effects have been found in the MnGeP2 film and Ge and MnGeP2 alloy film samples. Above the transition temperature neither hysteric behavior nor anomalous Hall effect was found. These results imply that spin polarized hole carriers exist in the MnGeP2 films.
Evaluation of the Effects of Copper Electroplating Parameters on the Adhesion Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Haider Farag , Suryanto Suryanto , Ani Mohd Hanafi , Mahmood M.H.
Published: April 2017

In this paper, response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized for the experiment design of CuSO4 and H2SO4 concentrations and current densities. RSM was also used to evaluate the significance of each parameter and its interaction on the adhesion strength of austenitic stainless steel substrate. Adhesion strength was investigated by a Teer ST-30 tester, and the structure of the samples investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that increasing the concentration of CuSO4 and decreasing theat of H2SO4 strengthens adhesion. Conversely, the current density only has a slight effect.
Study of Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Lanthanum Doped Perovskite PZT Using Density Functional Theory
Authors: Hussin N.H. , Taib Mohamad Fariz Mohamad , Samat Mohd Hazrie , Jon N. , Hassan Oskar Hasdinor , Yahya Muhd Zu Azhan
Published: April 2017

Ferroelectric materials of lanthanum (La) doped PbZrTiO3 (PLZT) were investigated via first principles study. The structural, electronic and optical properties of PLZT in tetragonal structure (P4mm space group) were performed in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) with generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and local density approximation (LDA) methods. The calculated results of structural properties of PLZT were seen to be approximately close to the experimental data. The results of the electronic part were covered with the calculation of energy band gap and density of states (DOS). The highest valence band (VB) which lies at the Fermi level (EF) was dominated by the O 2p at F point. The conduction band (CB) of PLZT occurred at G point, which was primarily dominated by Ti 3d mixed at Pb and La p-state. Whereas the optical part was covered with the refractive index and absorption. The refractive index, n and the extinction coefficient, k were calculated with respect to photon energy. Those results obtained could be such a good prediction in studying parameters and properties of new materials.
Intrinsic Electronic Structures and Optical Anisotropy of α- and β-Phase Copper Phthalocyanine Molecular Crystals
Authors: Wang Xue Yan , Zheng Jian Bang , Li Xiao Jiang , Cao Chong De
Published: April 2017

Electronic structures and optical anisotropy of α- and β-phase copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) molecular crystals have been systemically investigated by first-principles calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT). Both crystals were shown to be small gap organic semiconductors with relatively flat and dispersionless bands. The α-CuPc was a direct band gap semiconductor, whereas the β-CuPc was an indirect band gap semiconductor. The analysis of Partial Density of States (PDOS) showed that the top of valance band was mainly contributed by N 2p and C 2p states; the bottom of the conduction band was mainly contributed by N 2p, C 2p and Cu 3d states. The interband optical properties, such as the complex dielectric function, absorption coefficient and complex refractive index, showed a high degree of anisotropy that can be traced to the unique structures of these molecular crystals. The calculated dielectric function for α-CuPc in the low energy region was consistent with the experiment results proposed in the literature. These calculations provided particular interpretations on electronic structure and optical properties of α- and β-CuPc organic semiconductors that were critical to optoelectronics, which would promote the applications of these materials in semiconductor optoelectronic devices.
Microstructures and Hardness of Newly Designed Ti-6Al-(1-3)Fe Alloys
Authors: Abdalla Ayad Omran , Amrin Astuty , Muhammad Sallehuddin , Azmah Hanim Mohd Ariff
Published: April 2017

Many Ti-alloys were designed by introducing iron (Fe) as an alloying element to improve the mechanical properties and reduce the cost of the alloys. Therefore, new (α+β) titanium alloys, Ti-6Al-(1-3)Fe were developed through complete replacement of vanadium (V) by iron with major composition modifications of Ti–6Al–4V, which is commonly used for aerospace applications. Ti-Al-Fe alloys were melted through vacuum arc melting technique followed by hot rolling. This study aims to investigate the effect of Fe addition on the microstructure and hardness of emerging (Ti-Al-Fe) alloys in comparison with Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Results reveal that the microstructures are typical lamellar structures, and the hardness ranges from 32 to 40.7 HRC. The hardness of the investigated alloys increases with increasing Fe content.
Energy Conservation in Refrigerated Vehicles through Prospective Light Weight Insulated Panel
Authors: Adekomaya Oludaisi , Jamiru Tamba , Sadiku Rotimi , Huan Zhongie
Published: April 2017

Sustaining the shelf life of fresh food remains a herculean task to most farmers as cold chain must remain unbroken in order to maintain the quality of fresh food. The concept of this research is to reduce energy consumption in refrigerated vehicles through light weight insulated panel as this medium could effectively reduce the payload of the entire vehicle. Part of the progress made in this work, is to develop five different composite cover sheet for insulated panel using fibre loading and orientation as manufacturing parameters and results show that oriented reinforced composite materials offer significant weight reduction compared to un-oriented composite cover sheet. The panel weight of these new materials were estimated using all the conceptual parameters of a refrigerated vehicle and the results indicate that composite reinforced with 10%wt. of fibre at 30o orientation in the matrix, offers the best panel weight reduction with 5.2380Kg/m2 and 6.7380Kg/m2 for 50mm and 100mm insulation thicknesses, respectively.
Thermo-Micromechanical Vibration Behaviors of FGM Structures with Neutral Surface
Authors: Lim Tae Kyung , Kim Ji Hwan
Published: April 2017

This work presents the micro-mechanical models in thermal environment for the vibration behavior of Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) plate using First-order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT). In the formulation, the heat transfer effects and the temperature-dependent material properties are considered. Relative estimation of micromechanical behaviors of Mori-Tanaka Method (MTM) is used. And, neutral surface concept is adopted as the reference plane due to the asymmetry in the thickness direction of the model. In the numerical analysis, Finite Element Method is applied for various volume fractions and temperature rising conditions. Also Power-law and Sigmoid FGMs are discussed in thermo-elastic vibration characteristics.
Comparison and Analysis of Braking Load Capacity in Different Chinese City
Authors: Abi Lanie , Feng Tian Ji , Zhou Ming Yue , Chen Jia Jun
Published: April 2017

In this paper we used the braking load index to illustrate the different braking load of cities under different braking conditions. The initial speed of braking, braking process speed difference, braking deceleration, temperature change of friction plate in braking process, the brake pedal force are different. Through the analysis of the measurement data, we comprehensively understood the differences of the braking conditions in different cities and the driving habits of consumers in different regions. The research could give a good theoretical support for the design process and after sales service.
Research on Multi-Physical Domain Information Fusion Method of Intelligent Processing Machine Based on GMM-HMM
Authors: Liu Heng Li , Cheng Tao
Published: April 2017

As a typical unit of intelligent manufacturing system, intelligent processing machine is also a microcosm of Intelligent Manufacturing System (IMS), and the realization of intelligent manufacturing system will be firstly embodied in the intelligent processing machine as the core of intelligence. Therefore, it is inevitable to do a comprehensive and systematic study of intelligent processing machines and will get more and more attentions. In the study of intelligent machines, perceptual technology is an important part. Without effective perceptual technology, intelligent machines cannot interact with the environment, and thus the intelligence level cannot be improved. At present, the quite popular approach is to study the connection between perception and behavior from various simple behaviors and realize the higher intelligence through the combination of these behaviors on the basis of simple behaviors. The basis of autonomy perception of intelligent machines is to make it have the capability of multi-physical domain information fusion of manufacturing process and environment. An improved data processing and information fusion method based on GMM-HMM is proposed, which provides a self-perception of intelligent processing machines and a multi-physical domain information fusion method [1]. The simulation results show that the method proposed in this paper can realize the self - identification of intelligent processing machines in the intelligent manufacturing environment, such as the state of manufacturing, health and fault.
Simulation of Time-Domain Reflectometry
Authors: Zhang Xing Cheng , Tang Xuan , Meng Zhen , Liu Mou , Yan Yue Peng
Published: April 2017

This paper introduces a simulation work of Time-Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The TDR analysis begins with the propagation of a step or impulse of energy into a system and the subsequent observation of the energy reflected by the system. By analyzing the magnitude, duration and shape of the reflected waveform, the nature of the impedance variation in the transmission system can be determined [3, 4]. In order to understand the principle of time-domain reflection, I built a simulation platform to simulate the test procedure. A programmable signal generator was used to generate an actual narrow pulse physical signal. The reflection signal was captured by a high speed oscilloscope. Test data was read into computer by user-defined software. In the last stage, Matlab was used to carry out the data processing to get the interface position. The comparison between the calculated and the actual interface position deepen the understanding of the principle of time-domain reflection.
Interferometric Biosensor Using TiO2 Nanotube Arrays
Authors: Kim Wan Tae , Choi Won Youl
Published: April 2017

TiO2 nanotube arrays fabricated by anodic oxidation had a large surface area and high refraction index. These microstructural properties are very attractive as interferometric biosensing materials. Label free interferometric biosensor usually used nanoporous Si materials. TiO2 nanotube arrays had more stability for wide pH range solutions. The interferometric spectrum from nanoporous layer was treated by Fast Fourier Transform and optical thickness was measured. The optical thickness was changed with the materials in nanoporous layer. To fabricate the TiO2 nanotube arrays, anodizing time, voltage and electrolyte were optimized. The diameter and length of TiO2 nanotube arrays were ~100 nm and ~4 µm, respectively. To observe the loading and elution of the chlorhexidine in TiO2 nanotube in real time, the optical thickness was measured with flow cell system. In 10 wt% chlorhexidine, optical thickness change of ~125 nm was observed.
Study on the Development of Lighting Devices Material Combined with Street Lamp in the Use of Rays of the Sun
Authors: You Seung Hyeon , Lee Jeong Hwan , Oh Sung Hoon
Published: April 2017

This study has developed street lamp lighting device material that was turned on and off by self-power supply without additional power by using the rays of the sun. Lighting devices have been applied with polycarbonate materials that were outstanding with light transmissivity while using LED light and economic value. Lighting devices are easily installed in various places since external power is not necessary. In addition, it also serves as a function of preventing crime by acquiring intensity of illumination in crime-ridden district in the night. Lighting device can also serve as a function of improving fine view in the city by establishing eco-friendly circumstances including parks, areas around shopping district, and housing areas after being manufactured in the form of flowerpot where can grow plants in the future.
Implementation of Hybrid Photovoltaic/AC Grid System to a Micro Grid by Using MPPT
Authors: Sarat Govindu , Sindhu Mallavarapu , Kim Hee Je
Published: April 2017

In recent days environmental pollution has become a severe problem for the mankind. Many of the scientists are conducting various researches to find out the possible measures for environment safety. Among the very serious problems growing rapidly along with the technology is the need of utilizing the solar energy before the fossil fuels get vanished. The main factors are considered as irradiance, temperature. Further a control method is surely needed for the solar energy conversion system as its efficiency changes rapidly with climate changes. In this paper the solar arrays are controlled by maximum power point tracking system (MPPT) along with the high frequency dc-dc converter.
Study of the Integrated Technology on Solar Energy Utilization System and Buildings in Villages and Towns
Authors: Hao Yu Hang , He Jiang Shan , Cai Ze Hao
Published: April 2017

Analyze and comparison the favorable conditions of rural buildings using solar energy resources, and summarizes the existing problems during using the solar hot water system in villages and towns of North China, combined with the successfully applied of solar thermal integration technology in Shijiatong demonstration area, the integrated technology on solar energy utilization system with slope roofs which apply to the villages and towns of North China
The Design and Implementation of Switching Power of High Power Factor in 3D Printer
Authors: Feng Xi , Sun Yu Xuan
Published: April 2017

According to harmonics pollution and low power factor problems of the traditional switching power, the design is a switching power of high power factor based on UCC28019 chip used on 3D printers. This design has the advantages of high power factor, high efficiency, low harmonics and low noise. Main circuit passes through EMI filtering, full-bridge rectifier and then filter, Boost chopper boost and correction of active power factor and closed-loop controlling, making the output voltage stable, small interfering and high over-all efficiency.
Finite Element Modeling and Simulating of Physical Process of Impacting by Tidal Current
Authors: Yang Yong , Chen Long , Chen Cheng Jun , Dong Zhi Qiang , Wei Li Hua
Published: April 2017

Take the new tidal current energy utilizing device as study object, finite element modeling and simulating of physical process of impacting by tidal current are studied. Further, the physical process of impacting by the tidal current is analyzed, and the contour map of force, cloud picture of pressure distribution, vector diagram of water flow velocity and route map of water flow for the rotating blade are obtained. Our studies have shown that the force in front of blade is uneven, and the force of one end near pillar is bigger, but the force in reverse side is even, as the same time, the flow becomes divergence after impacting blade, flowing to the edge of blade.
Study on the Green Construction Technology and Measurement in Villages and Towns of North China
Authors: He Jiang Shan , Hao Yu Hang , Lu Hong Bin
Published: April 2017

Analysis of existing problems in green construction in villages and towns of North China, combined with the green construction techniques and experience in Shijiatong village demonstration plot, green construction principles and technique measure which apply to the villages and towns of North China are proposed. Suggestions on speeding up green construction technology in North China villages and towns.
A Comparison of the Green Building Certification System between South Korea and Vietnam
Authors: Yun Yo Sun , Cho Dong Woo , Chae Chang U
Published: April 2017

The countries around the world have developed and operated systems which assesses the environment-friendliness of buildings. The levels of certification systems differ to the circumstances by countries such as weather conditions and natural features. This study compared Korea’s certification system of Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED) to LOTUS, a Vietnamese certification system and checked the operating methods. Especially the certification criteria of non-residential buildings were comparatively analyzed. Certification criteria in G-SEED and LOTUS certification systems have similar categories and weights. Regarding certification items, there are similar items in terms of assessment methods. However, some items are assessed separately by each system. The results of this study would be available as fundamental data for developing an international certification system for G-SEED. This study could be available as a reference in the development of global certification system in the future.
EVA Lightweight Concrete Reinforced with Piassava Fiber
Authors: de Souza Thiago Francisco , Lima Paulo Roberto Lopes , Amado Franco Dani Rico , Alvim Rosana de Alburquerque Arleo , dos Santos Felipe Martins Ramos , Nunes Danilo de Santana
Published: April 2017

The residue of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) generated in the footwear industry is an economic and environmental problem as it requires large area for storage in landfills and is not biodegradable or capable of transformation into other polymers. Its use as a lightweight aggregate in mortar and concrete results in a material with lower density but with reduced strength. In this paper, piassava fibers (Attalea funifera Martius) were used as reinforcement of lightweight concrete containing 4% and 6% of EVA, with the goal of improving the flexural strength of the material. The determination of density, compressive strength and flexural strength were performed at 28 days of age. The experimental results demonstrate that the addition of EVA decreases the density and flexural strength of the concrete in proportion to the amount of addition, but a recovery resistance is obtained when the piassava fibers are added in amounts of 1 to 2% by volume.
The Influence of the Water/Cement Ratio in the Open Porosity and in the Carbonation Front Advancing in Cementitious Matrix Composites
Authors: Magalhães Aldo G. , Silva Fernando José , Rezende M.A.P. , Santos White J. , Carrasco E.V.M. , Mantilla J.N.R. , Piancastelli E.M.
Published: April 2017

In this study involving cementitious matrix composites, the influence of the water/cement (w/c) ratio variation (0.48, 0.60, 0.70 and 0.75) was analyzed in its open pore structure and in the carbonation front advancing. Test specimens were molded in cylindrical dimensions of (5x10) cm and (2x4) cm for each mix proportions, and subjected into accelerated carbonation tests, at controlled exposure conditions. The open porosity of the material was obtained by using a helium pycnometer. A model based on Fick's second law was used to fit an equation to the curve of progress of the carbonation front over time. The results show that the water/cement ratio can highly influence the analyzed properties; the mathematical model used provided an excellent approximation of the advancing carbonation front trend, allowing a good evaluation of the carbonation coefficient (K) associated to each mixture proportioning.
Sustainable Architecture with Bamboo Columns Technology
Authors: Silva Fernando José , Rezende M.A.P. , Santos White J. , Carrasco E.V.M. , Mantilla J.N.R. , Piancastelli E.M. , Magalhães Aldo G.
Published: April 2017

Compositions with different pipe segments for constructing structural columns were investigated. In this article there is shown a column type composed of five parallel bamboo bars, connected by screws 16 mm and 13 mm in diameter. Compression tests instrumented with displacement transducers are associated with numerical modeling analysis to describe the column load capacity, from the general criteria of dimensioning. The chosen Bamboos are from the species Phyllostachys pubescens due to its favorable characteristics to produce structures and their common use in China, Brazil and other countries of temperate zones. In this proposal, the load capacity is considerably increased and lateral displacements are insignificant compared to the bamboo tested separately. More usual columns 3 and 4 meters long were modeled and presented the load limits of use for these types of structures. Other dimensions of columns can be calculated by the same system, presenting great design opportunities in the construction of the architecture and built spaces. This article shows a great advantage in using columns with bamboo bars compared to other materials used in the architecture, with guarantee and good indexes of security.
Bond Strength between Old and New Concretes with Focus on the Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Columns - Slant Shear Test versus Double Sleeve Test
Authors: Piancastelli E.M. , Magalhães Aldo G. , Silva Fernando José , Rezende M.A.P. , Santos White J. , Carrasco E.V.M. , Mantilla J.N.R.
Published: April 2017

The purpose of this paper is to present the main aspects and results of an experimental study to determine the bond strength between the concrete of a column of an existing structure (old concrete) and the concrete that will be used in its strengthening project (new concrete). For the bond strength tests, a specimen was conceived, called Double Sleeve specimen. The bond strength results obtained from the tests using Double Sleeve specimens, called Double Sleeve Tests, were compared to the results obtained from using the Slant Shear Test. The values for the bond strength between the two concretes, obtained from the Double Sleeve Tests, were either below or above the values obtained from linear regression of the Slant Shear Test results, depending on the sleeve diameter and the ratio of transverse reinforcement used. This fact, enabled concludes that the Double Sleeve Test is the most appropriate test to evaluate the bond strength between concretes of columns strengthened.
Mechanical Characteristics of Pavers with Iron Ore Tailings
Authors: Mantilla J.N.R. , Miranda Diego N. , Fuina Jamile Salim , Carrasco E.V.M.
Published: April 2017

The objective of this study is to evaluate experimentally the mechanical compressive strength and static modulus of elasticity of concrete pavers for floors made with iron ore tailings as aggregate concrete. Pavers were manufactured with four different concrete mixtures (cement, natural sand, industrial sand, iron ore tailings, crushed stone), and performed simple compression tests to determine the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity. The pavers manufactured with those concrete mixtures showed greater strength specified by the Brazilian standard. It was possible to find a correlation between modulus of elasticity and compressive strength.
Reliability Analysis of Waste Tires Semi-Submersible Breakwater
Authors: Qi Long , Shangguan Zi Chang
Published: April 2017

With the continuous development of social economy, China's port construction scale has become saturated. As an important part of the harbor, the breakwater plays a crucial role in the safety of the working environment in the harbor, and the reliability of the breakwater is an assessment of its safety. Build on the previous studies, this paper puts forward a semi-submersible breakwater using waste tires. The reliability of this breakwater is analyzed by Monte Carlo method of artificial neural network based on Matlab, and the results are compared to those of Direct sampling Monte Carlo method and Important sampling Monte Carlo method. The results show that the Monte Carlo method is able to analyze the reliability of overturning failure of semi-submersible breakwater of waste tire. Compared with the other two consequences, the result is more accurate. The Monte Carlo method of artificial neural network based on Matlab has the obvious advantage in being devoted to the problem of complex structure and variable. Safety of the breakwater meets the relevant requirements and can be applied to the actual engineering. It can be seen that waste tires has a high degree of reliability, daptability, and a wide range of applications.
FTIR Spectrum Investigation of Thionine-Graphene Nanocomposite
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammad Aidil , Jani Nur Atikah M. , Hassan Oskar Hasdinor , Abdullah F. , Kudin Tengku Ishak Tengku , Marwan Bin Ali Abdul Malik , Yahya Muhd Zu Azhan
Published: April 2017

Graphene is a material that has been heavily investigated in many researches due to its beneficial characteristics such as large surface area, low manufacturing cost, high electro conductivity and incredible mechanical strength. Applying the graphene in water-based solvents however can cause agglomeration due to its hydrophobic properties. Researchers have composited the graphene with other materials in overcoming its hydrophobicity. In this research, graphene was nanocomposited with thionine to make it disperse well in water-based solvents while preserving its intrinsic properties. The nanocomposition process involves mixing of both graphene oxide with thionine and were reduced by hydrazine hydrate while reflux heating. The produced mixture was then filtered to obtain the Thionine-Graphene nanocomposite. The obtained sample was then characterized to confirm the composition of both graphene and thionine. Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy was operated to investigate the chemical bonds and hence concluding the presence of both graphene and thionine in the sample. The preservation of the intrinsic properties of graphene was also investigated through observing the absence of functionalized graphene bonds. Post-investigation reports that the chemical bonds from both of the materials, graphene and thionine were detected confirming the successfulness of the nanocomposition.
Effect of Phenylene Diamine Antioxidant on Physico-Chemical Properties of Methyl Grafted Natural Rubber Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Aziz Ahmad Fairoz , Nazir Khuzaimah , Ayub S.F. , Adam N.I. , Yahya Muhd Zu Azhan , Marwan Bin Ali Abdul Malik
Published: April 2017

0.5 wt.% of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N’-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) was introduced into polymer electrolytes based on 30% poly(methyl-methacrylate) grafted natural rubber (MG30) in order to reduce the aging factor of MG30. The polymer electrolyte without 6PPD was used as control. All samples were prepared by using solution cast techniques. The effect of 6PPD in the electrolytes was analysed by using TGA, DSC and FTIR. TGA and DSC results revealed the thermal stability of MG30 electrolytes with 6PPD have higher thermal stability but lower glass transition temperature value. FTIR studies confirmed the existence of LiTF in the sample and prove the occurrence of polymer-salt complexation. Deconvolution techniques analysis on FTIR spectra shows the electrolyte sample with 6PPD display more ion dissociation which reflects to higher ionic conductivity.
Degradation Kinetics of Organophosphorus Flame Retardant from Cotton Fabric
Authors: Yasin Sohail , Behary Nemeshwaree , Perwuelz Anne , Guan Jin Ping , Chen Guo Qiang
Published: April 2017

The organophosphorus compound N-methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide (MDPA) is extensively used for durable flame retardant (FR) treatments for cotton fabrics. For optimum finishing treatment, MDPA is used with the Trimethylol melamine (TMM) or dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU) for cotton fabric treatments. The amino resins TMM known to pose severe toxic problems such as; breathing problems, headache and most importantly, cancer. In the production, consumption and eventually in the disposal phase of FR with TMM treated cotton fabrics, the release of TMM and toxic emissions cannot be ignored. In this study, mineralization and degradation of the organophosphorus FR compound from the cotton fabric using Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) was successfully employed. The kinetics of degradation of FR substance from the cotton fabric was studied. The rate of degradation of the FR substance from the cotton fabrics was observed with chemical oxygen demand (COD). The kinetic rate constant equations and characterization of the mineralization and degradation of the FR substance by the AOP reaction was developed with the COD values. The organophosphorus FR on the fabric found to follow the first-order of kinetics of degradation from the cotton fabric.
Thickening Time Compatibility of Geopolymer Cement for Drilling Application
Authors: Ridha Syahrir , Jamali Muhammad Fareez , Setiawan Riau Andriana
Published: April 2017

This paper investigates the composition of geopolymer cement for thickening time under elevated temperature and pressure. Geopolymer based-cement becoming popular in construction industries because of its improved properties either chemically and physically as compared to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). At the same time, replacement of OPC with geopolymer cement able to eliminate CO2 emission due to calcination burning process. However, applications of geopolymer cement to oil and gas industry for cementing job are not well recorded. Fly ash based geopolymer cement with different percentages of slag from 0% to 10% were mixed using sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate as alkali activators. Density, fluid loss and compressive strengths were determined. The sample were cured at 3,000 psi and 65°C for 24 hours. Results show that the addition of slag reduces the thickening time from 30 minutes to just only 18 minutes with almost 40% reduction in time. In terms of density and compressive strength, an increment of slag is directly proportional as the value increased from 14.3 ppg to 15.0 ppg for density and 1,120 psi to 2,155 psi for compressive strength. For fluid loss test, increment of slag results in decrement of fluid loss from 0.64 ml to just only 0.38 ml.
A Study on Corrosion Behaviour of Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Chen Lian Xi , Wang Xiao Jian , Li Wei
Published: April 2017

A biodegradable Mg-4Zn-0.6Zr alloy with different content of strontium (Sr) was prepared and studied for orthopedic applications biomaterials. The effects of Sr on the microstructure and corrosion degradation of the as-cast Mg-4Zn-0.6Zr-xSr (ZK40xSr) alloys were investigated. The optical micrograph (OM) observation, energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and immersion test were used. The grain size of Mg-4Zn-0.6Zr alloys was reduced obviously with the addition of Sr. The excess of Sr would lead to grain size increasing and grain boundaries widening. The possible presence of the following constituent phases in the grain boundaries: α-Mg, Mg17Sr2, MgZn, ZnxSry binary and MgxZnySrz ternary phase. The formation of ZnxSry and MgxZnySrz phase owed to the larger difference of electronegativity values of Zn and Sr. The immersion tests indicated that the average corrosion rate of the as-cast ZK40xSr alloys increased with the increase of Sr content. It contributed to the micro-galvanic corrosion between the α-Mg with the continuous distribution of grain boundaries precipitates.
Surface Improvement of TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Dental Implant
Authors: Kim Wan Tae , Lee Jae Kwan , Jang In San , Choi Dong Soon , Choi Won Youl
Published: April 2017

Highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays are very attractive to the dental implant due to microstructural advantage for drug loading. We have fabricated the highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays on the surface of the dental implant. The surface of TiO2 nanotube arrays grown by normal anodic oxidation was not clean and the window of TiO2 nanotube was closed. These closed nanotubes decrease the surface area to load the drug and also decrease the osseointegration performances. To obtain the clean surface of TiO2 nanotube arrays, two-step anodic oxidation was used. The microstructures of TiO2 nanotube arrays from two-step anodic oxidation were compared with those from normal anodic oxidation. The length and diameter of TiO2 nanotube arrays with anodizing time were measured. TiO2 nanotube arrays grown by two-step anodic oxidation had the clean surface and the diameter of TiO2 nanotubes was ~100 nm at anodizing conditions of 60V and 20 min. It was applied to the surface of dental implant to improve the osseointegration. The improved osseointegration was observed by micro CT analysis. TiO2 nanotube arrays had a promising microstructure to load some drugs such as BMP-2 and anti-inflammatory.
Performance of Earth Bricks Supplemented by Nanoparticles and their Application in Architecture
Authors: Scalisi Francesca , Sposito Cesare
Published: April 2017

The potential for architecture offered by natural materials in terms of comfort, reduction of embodied energy and energy-saving in the operational phase, dictates in-depth research that might highlight advantages and contribute to improving their characteristics. This research focuses on earth bricks and, in particular, a type of brick made from unfired clay, known as adobe. The aim of the research is to verify improvements in performance of adobe with the aid of nanotechnology. The adobe mixture was prepared with water, soil (from Sicily) and LAPONITE® as a stabilizer. The adobe bricks were subjected to tests of resistance to compression and flexion, resistance to abrasion, capillary absorption of water and resistance to impact. The results may be deemed positive, in particular those relating to resistance to compression. Further research will be necessary, especially with regard to problems of water absorption.
High Performance of Na2/3Ni1/4Mn3/4O2 Thin-Film Cathode for Sodium-Ion Micro-Batteries
Authors: Peng Qian , Yang Guang
Published: April 2017

Thin films of Na2/3Ni1/4Mn3/4O2 were prepared on stainless steel substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique. X-ray diffraction and Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscope results show that the thin film deposited at 750°C is highly preferred orientation with homogeneous nanoscale particles. Galvanostatic charge/discharge measurement results reveal that the reversible capacity retention is 91% after 30 cycles with a high initial discharge capacity of 175.3 mAhg-1 at a current density of 13 mAg-1. It also exhibits excellent rate capability, as the current density increases to 260 mAg-1, about 80% of its initial capacity can be retained. After the high rate measurement, the NNMO electrode can deliver a discharge capacity of 110.4 mAhg-1 when the current density was reduced back to 13 mAg-1.
The Effects of Deposition Time and Surface Temperature on the TiN Films for KP-4 Steel Mold
Authors: Hwang Un Hak
Published: April 2017

In order to improve surface smoothness and increase its surface hardness of the PK-4 steel mold the dependencies of the surface temperatures of substrate, deposition times, and bias voltages applied to the substrate on the TiN film made by the physical vapor deposition were studied. Six main steps of the synthesis process were introduced to improve the robustness. Double applications of the bias voltages increased the surface hardness. The rotating substrates increased the uniformity of the films. 1000 times-magnified pictures were taken to analyze the micro-grains of TiN. SEM pictures were taken to confirm the surface smoothness. Both the surface temperature of substrates and deposition time were affecting factors. The maximal hardness of TiN film deposited on KP-4 was increased by 20%. The surface temperature of substrates contributed to 13% in the increase of hardness. The deposition time also contributed to 6% in the increase of hardness respectively.
Red Luminescence Properties of TiZn2O4 Phosphor
Authors: Chang Sung Sik
Published: April 2017

The red phosphor (TiZn2O4) is formed from TiO2 and ZnO via simple solid-state reaction. This red phosphor is prepared by chemically stable as well as inexpensive oxide materials. Emission and excitation spectra are investigated for this phosphor. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements reveal that this phosphor emits bright red emission at 611 nm, which is associated with 5D0 – 7F2 transition, with near UV (395 nm) and blue light excitation (470 nm). The measured decay time of this red emission can be fitted well with a fast decay time of 67 ms and a slow decay time of 208 ms, respectively. A broad grain size distribution is observed for TiZn2O4 phosphor. Further, photoluminescence excitation (PLE) shows a good absorption band near UV, and the blue spectral region of visible spectrum as well. The optical properties, X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, and scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of this TiZn2O4 phosphor are studied.
’n Kerkorde in gereformeerde kerke toegepas op die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerkorde van 2013
Authors: Strauss Piet J.
Published: April 2017

Church order in reformed churches applied to the church order of Dutch Reformed Church of 2013. 1 Corinthians 14:40 with its call for the affairs of the church to be transacted ‘decently and in order’ as well as a general need in churches for stipulations in this regard, form the backbone of the need for church orders. Proper, acceptable church orders are, therefore, focused on the practices of the church: the offices, assemblies, church services, discipline,relations, and other affairs of the church.In order to be channels for the free flow of, and obedience to the authority and content ofthe Word of God in church, implementing the church order should not be an aim in itself.The order of a church cannot be a strict law that should be literally applied in church affairs. A church order should serve the church in its calling to be a church of the Word of God.