bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal human respiratory simulation for exhaled gas based on CFD method
Authors: Gao Feng , Li Yanfeng , Su Zhihe , Wang Chunlin , Wang Haidong , Li Junmei
Published: November 2024

Human breathing is crucial for studying indoor environments and human health. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a key tool for simulating human respiration. To enhance the accuracy of CFD simulations and reduce computation time, a new simulation strategy for human respiration is proposed in this paper. The effects of steady versus unsteady boundary conditions on simulation results were examined. For the unsteady boundary, sinusoidal exhalation velocities and non-inhalation gas were assumed, while the steady boundary involved constant velocities during both exhalation and inhalation phases. The jet center trajectory under different boundary conditions was analyzed and compared with experimental data. Additionally, variations in pollutant dispersion near the mouth under the two boundary conditions were discussed. Furthermore, the paper compared the calculation accuracy, calculation time and memory occupied by a single turbulence model or switching flow character models in human respiration simulation. Differences in exhaled gas vorticity and jet penetration depth across different flow models were identified. Finally, combined with the non-iterative algorithm, the optimal strategy of human respiration simulation was proposed. Results show that under the comprehensive consideration of calculation accuracy, calculation time and memory occupancy, using sinusoidal expiratory boundary conditions combined with the PISO algorithm, with the RNG k-ε model during expiratory phase, and switching into the laminar flow during inspiratory phase, is the optimal strategy of simulating human breathing.
The bright side of supplier concentration: Investor attitudes towards the reopening policy in China
Authors: Su Jie
Published: November 2024

Supplier concentration (SUC) has disadvantage of vulnerability along with cost savings and efficiency. While current scholarship focus on the vulnerability of firms with centralized suppliers during the COVID-19 epidemic, there is no empirical study that explores the impact of post-disaster SUC on firm value as countries removing regional isolation policy. I focus on the impact of COVID-19 reopening policy on investor attitudes towards SUC after the resolution of a supply chain disruption crisis. I try to examine whether investors still perceive SUC as a risk signal or as a positive signal for rapid recovery. Using the event shock of China’s reopening announcement and data on A-share listed companies, I find that SUC has a positive impact on cumulative abnormal returns at reopening. I also find that positive effect of SUC is more prominent for firms that benefit from a larger reduction in transaction costs due to the reopening policy. I also analyze the moderating effect and find that information intermediaries such as analysts and media attention amplify the positive effects of SUC. My research provides new perspective on achieving post-disaster value enhancement through SUC.
Ancestral origins of TYR and OCA2 gene mutations in oculocutaneous albinism from two admixed populations in Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas Wilmer A. , Conley Andrew B. , Nagar Shashwat Deepali , Núñez-Ríos Diana L. , Jordan I. King , Lattig María Claudia
Published: November 2024

Autosomal recessive conditions are often associated with homozygous mutations showing common ancestral origins and are frequently linked to consanguinity. However, an increasing number of compound heterozygotes are found in diverse, admixed populations. Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a recessive condition caused mainly by mutations in the TYR and OCA2 genes involved in skin pigmentation. We previously screened the TYR and OCA2 genes in Colombian OCA families, identifying both known and novel mutations. Affected family members were found to be either homozygous or compound heterozygous for these gene mutations. Compound heterozygosity, where two different recessive alleles inherited from each parent lead to the expression of an autosomal recessive trait, poses a challenge in genetic diagnosis. Estimating the ancestry of these disease-associated variants, in conjunction with understanding the colonization history of admixed populations, can enhance the precision of association mapping in genetic studies. The aim of this study was to determine the ancestral origins of TYR and OCA2 mutations for OCA patients from two populations located in the Andes region of Colombia–Altiplano Cundiboyacense and Marinilla-Santuario. Comparison of OCA patients, and their unaffected relatives, with global reference populations showed a pattern of European and Native American admixture, with little African ancestry, for these two populations. Mutation-bearing TYR and OCA2 haplotypes from Colombian OCA patients were compared against haplotypes from Spanish, Native American, and Sephardic Jewish reference populations to infer their ancestral origins. For 12 OCA1 patients from the Altiplano Cundiboyacense region, 21 out of 24 mutated TYR haplotypes show Spanish origins, two show Native American origins, and one shows a Sephardic Jewish origin. The two Native American TYR haplotypes, and the single Sephardic Jewish haplotype, are all found in compound heterozygote patients, paired with the predominant Spanish TYR haplotype G47D. OCA in these three patients is a result of genetic admixture that brought together disease-causing mutations with distinct ancestral origins. Both OCA2 patients from the Marinilla-Santuario region show homozygous OCA2 mutations with a Spanish origin. These findings underscore the complexity of the genetic architecture of Mendelian disease in admixed American populations, with both consanguinity and admixture contributing to the risk of autosomal recessive OCA in Colombia.
Influence of the use of an adhesive connection on the joint strength of modular hip endoprostheses
Authors: Einfeldt Ann-Kathrin , Legutko Beate , Pott Philipp-Cornelius , Bergmann Benjamin , Denkena Berend , Hurschler Christof , Welke Bastian
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Modular hip implants enables a more precise adaptation of the prosthesis to the patient’s anatomy. However, they also carry the risk of increased revision rates due to micromotion at the taper junction. In order to minimize this risk, one potential solution is to establish an adhesive bond between the metal taper junctions. Load-stable bonding techniques, already successfully employed in dentistry for connecting materials such as metals and ceramics or different alloys, offer a promising approach. Nevertheless, the bond strength of tapered adhesive bonds in modular hip implants has not been investigated to date.

Materials and methods

Twenty-eight tapered junctions, consisting of a taper (female taper) and a trunnion (male taper) were turned using TiAl6V4 ELI (n = 16) and CoCr28Mo6 (n = 12). The process parameters cutting speed (vc = 50 m/min or 100 m/min) and feed (f = 0.1 mm, 0.05 mm or 0.2 mm) were varied for the trunnions. For each set of process parameters, one trunnion and one taper were additionally subjected to sandblasting. To investigate the effect of geometry, angular mismatch in the samples were measured. The taper pairs were bonded with a biocompatible adhesive, and push-out tests were subsequently performed.

Results

The push-out forces generated from the taper connections where both tapers were sandblasted showed a mean push-out force of 5.70 kN. For the samples with only the trunnion sandblasted, the mean force was 0.58 kN, while for the samples with only taper sandblasted the mean push-out force was 1.32 kN. When neither of the tapers was sandblasted the mean push-out force was 0.91 kN. No significant effect of the process parameters on the push-out force was observed. Only the reduced valley depth Svk showed a slight correlation for the CoCr28Mo6 samples (R2 = 0.54). The taper pairs with taper mismatch (between trunnion and taper) greater than |0.1°| did not show lower push-out forces than the specimens with lower taper mismatch.

Conclusions

Sandblasted and adhesive-bonded tapered connections represent a viable suitable alternative for modular hip implant connections. Slight differences in taper geometry do not result in reduced push-out forces and are compensated by the adhesive. In mechanically joined tapers these differences can lead to higher wear rates. Further investigation under realistic test conditions is necessary to assess long-term suitability.
Profiling serum immunodominance following SARS-CoV-2 primary and breakthrough infection reveals distinct variant-specific epitope usage and immune imprinting
Authors: Seow Jeffrey , Jefferson George C. E. , Keegan Michael D. , Yau Yeuk , Snell Luke B. , Doores Katie J.
Published: November 2024

Over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, variants have emerged with increased mutations and immune evasive capabilities. This has led to breakthrough infections (BTI) in vaccinated individuals, with a large proportion of the neutralizing antibody response targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein. Immune imprinting, where prior exposure of the immune system to an antigen can influence the response to subsequent exposures, and its role in a population with heterogenous exposure histories has important implications in future vaccine design. Here, we develop an accessible approach to map epitope immunodominance of the neutralizing antibody response in sera. By using a panel of mutant Spike proteins in a pseudotyped virus neutralization assay, we observed distinct epitope usage in convalescent donors infected during wave 1, or infected with the Delta, or BA.1 variants, highlighting the antigenic diversity of the variant Spikes. Analysis of longitudinal serum samples taken spanning 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccine and subsequent breakthrough infection, showed the influence of immune imprinting from the ancestral-based vaccine, where reactivation of existing B cells elicited by the vaccine resulted in the enrichment of the pre-existing epitope immunodominance. However, subtle shifts in epitope usage in sera were observed following BTI by Omicron sub-lineage variants. Antigenic distance of Spike, time after last exposure, and number of vaccine boosters may play a role in the persistence of imprinting from the vaccine. This study provides insight into RBD neutralizing epitope usage in individuals with varying exposure histories and has implications for design of future SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Prácticas de la memoria en clases de historia: construcción de la evidencia multimodal e intertextual del pasado reciente chileno
Authors: Oteiza Teresa
Published: November 2024

En este artículo se aborda el papel de la evidencialidad multimodal (verbal-visual) en la construcción de las memorias históricas en interacciones de clases de historia desde una perspectiva social y semiótica de estudios del discurso. Este objetivo se enmarca en un proyecto más amplio que busca comprender la construcción y transmisión de las memorias personales, sociales e históricas sobre la violación a los derechos humanos cometidos por la dictadura civil-militar de Augusto Pinochet (1973-1990) en Chile, en niños y jóvenes de las nuevas generaciones. De esta manera, se explora desde la construcción de prosodias valorativas, el despliegue de artefactos multisemióticos que interactúan en el micro espacio de las interacciones de clases de historia y que funcionan como evidencias para la elaboración de explicaciones históricas. El análisis muestra que en las interacciones de aula la evidencia visual se construye de manera diferenciada a la verbal en cuanto a las posibilidades de visibilización y representación de actores y procesos históricos claves. Esta construcción multimodal permite una reflexión que en parte legitima visiones oficiales sobre el pasado reciente, pero que también y, de manera fundamental, abre espacios que desafían las interpretaciones oficiales que predominan en los textos escolares de historia.
Trasfondo ideológico del concepto de desarrollo educativo durante los primeros 6 años de gobierno de Hugo Chávez
Authors: Villegas César , Cornieles Liseth
Published: November 2024

Buscamos interpretar la noción de desarrollo educativo en el liceo venezolano en dos documentos oficiales del gobierno inicial de Chávez, a fin de develar su trasfondo ideológico. Para ello, revisamos información sobre las bases ideológicas del gobierno y sobre principios educativos de la ONU y la UNESCO para ese momento, con la intención de determinar la orientación que seguían (Guillén, 2007; ONU, 2000 y UNESCO, 2000): las orientaciones socialistas o las derivadas por consenso entre las naciones de la región. Desde el punto de vista teórico, nos orientamos por las nociones de ideología y discurso de Fairclough (2003) y van Dijk (2005), por la idea de que la educación reproduce relaciones de poder (Althusser, 1988) y de que todo sistema ideológico posee un modelo educativo para lograr sus fines (Costa y Mozejko, 2001). Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, en la que, sobre la base de evidencias lingüísticas (en este caso nos basamos en grupos nominales: colocaciones y adyacencias), abordamos un asunto social. Los resultados evidenciaron una fuerte correspondencia entre el modelo educativo perfilado en estos documentos y las bases ideológicas que inspiran al gobierno, pero ninguna relación explícita con las metas de la ONU o la UNESCO. La principal conclusión que emerge es que la educación está concebida como un instrumento de formación política, antes que como un proceso de desarrollo social y personal.
Black is beautiful: a polêmica envolvendo o uso de um slogan
Authors: Cavalcanti Jauranice Rodrigues
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar um episódio que mobilizou grande número de internautas no final de 2017. Trata-se do uso que uma campanha publicitária fez do slogan Black is beautiful, a fim de anunciar e vender um novo produto: um papel higiênico preto. Para isso, selecionamos textos colhidos nas mídias eletrônicas, incluindo as redes sociais, material que analisamos tendo como suporte teórico os estudos de Amossy (2017) sobre a polêmica. A fim de situar o conflito em termos de memória, o que nos pareceu relevante, recorremos a Paveau (2013), que trata da dimensão ética dos discursos. Também analisamos a violência verbal e sua materialização nos textos. A análise aponta que o conflito está ligado a uma questão social presente na sociedade brasileira.
Integrando Princípios da Gestalt na Cartografia: Avaliação da Usabilidade de Símbolos Pontuais para Mapeamento de Referência Multiescala
Authors: Ramos Thais Silva , Machado Adriana Alexandria , Andrade Andrea Faria , Camboim Silvana Philippi
Published: November 2024

Os mapas topográficos têm evoluído de cartas analógicas para bancos de dados integrados, ágeis e interoperáveis. Contudo, a representação cartográfica multiescala e o ambiente ubíquo de consumo ainda requerem adaptações significativas. No Brasil, as normas cartográficas desatualizadas não acompanham essa integração de escalas. Este estudo focou na seleção, proposta e avaliação de símbolos pontuais para as escalas 1:10.000 e 1:25.000, que são correlacionados com símbolos na escala 1:2.000. Utilizando as Teorias da Gestalt, que destacam a percepção de objetos inteiros antes de suas partes, a pesquisa fundamentou a criação de símbolos que garantem clareza e eficácia perceptiva, independentemente da escala ou complexidade dos dados. A metodologia envolveu a colaboração dos usuários desde o início, aplicando um método formativo para criar representações gráficas baseadas em conceitos pré- definidos. Posteriormente, símbolos foram desenvolvidos e avaliados quanto à pregnância visual e influência no processo de leitura. Testes de Eleição e Seleção foram realizados usando dispositivos móveis e desktops para identificar as melhores opções de símbolos, seguidos de Testes de Tarefas de Leitura de Mapas em plataforma online, avaliando detecção, discriminação e reconhecimento. Os resultados revelaram que símbolos com maior pregnância são mais eficazes, sugerindo sua aplicabilidade em contextos multiescala. Este estudo demonstra a importância da aplicação da Gestalt na cartografia moderna, realçando todos os aspectos da usabilidade: eficácia, eficiência e satisfação, na comunicação cartográfica.
Sobre uma ontologia do imanente e do transcendente em Edmund Husserl
Authors: Vieira Marcelo Rosa
Published: November 2024

Resumo: Este artigo destina-se a tratar da questão ontológica em Husserl de acordo com sua concepção sobre a intencionalidade, a imanência e a transcendência. Veremos, portanto, como Husserl estabelece a noção de região ontológica e distingue as duas esferas do ser existentes: consciência e mundo. A partir dessa distinção, será também analisada sua concepção sobre a apoditicidade da região da consciência, na medida em que ela retoma a tese cartesiana de que a subjetividade é um absoluto enquanto o ser do mundo é relativo e contingente.
Palavras-chave: Intencionalidade; Imanência; Transcendência; Consciência; Husserl.
On the ontology of immanent and transcendent in Edmund Husserl
Abstract: This article is intended to address the ontological question in Husserl according to his conception of intentionality, immanence and transcendence. We will see, therefore, as Husserl establishes the notion of ontological region and distinguishes the two spheres of theexisting being: consciousness and world. From this distinction, it will also be examined his conception on apodicticity’s consciousness region, in so far it retakes the cartesian thesis that subjectivity is an absolute while the world’s being is relative and contingent.
Keywords: Intentionality; Immanence; Transcendence; Consciousness; Husserl.
Data de registro: 05/04/2017
Data de aceite: 05/07/2017
Podpora psychického wellbeingu u žáků na základní škole
Authors: Kučerová Olga , Dymešová Gabriela
Published: November 2024

Na wellbeing je možné pohlížet z různých úhlů pohledu – fyzický, sociální a psychický. V našem příspěvku se soustředíme primárně na ten psychický wellbeing, představíme drobné aktivity podporující psychický wellbeing, které mohou využívat učitelé ve své práci se třídou.
Zhoršování psychického zdraví dětí je fenomén, na který musí české školství, zejména učitelé, reagovat. V následujícím článku chceme akcentovat skutečnost, že wellbeing u žáků může být zlepšován za pomoci drobných aktivit, které vedou děti ke zdravému vyrovnávání se se stresem. Ten je součástí běžného života, tedy i života ve škole, a žáci se tak již od raného věku mohou setkávat s tím, že pomocí právě jednoduchých cvičení mohou běžnému stresu dobře odolávat.
Historická sociologie osobnosti
Authors: Šalanda Bohuslav
Published: November 2024

Editorial
Historická sociologie genocidy: teorie vzniku genocidy podle Siniši Maleševiče
Authors: Bauer Karel
Published: November 2024

The paper focuses on the work of historical sociology professor Siniša Maleševič and his findings in the field of organised violence, especially genocide. Maleševič identified three main long-term historical processes responsible for emergence of special societal conditions that enabled a rise of genocides. The article discusses Maleševič’s approach to the study of violence, the role of the long-term historical processes triad in relation to the most extreme form of organised violence – genocide, and finally offers a detailed explanation of Maleševič’s theory supplemented by a graphic scheme. The article also compares the author’s claims with the arguments of other leading researchers in the field of violence and genocide research.
Computational and Neural Evidence for Altered Fast and Slow Learning from Losses in Problem Gambling
Authors: Iigaya Kiyohito , Larsen Tobias , Fong Timothy , O’Doherty John P.
Published: November 2024

Learning occurs across multiple timescales, with fast learning crucial for adapting to sudden environmental changes, and slow learning beneficial for extracting robust knowledge from multiple events. Here, we asked if miscalibrated fast vs slow learning can lead to maladaptive decision-making in individuals with problem gambling. We recruited participants with problem gambling (PG; N = 20; 9 female and 11 male) and a recreational gambling control group without any symptoms associated with PG (N = 20; 10 female and 10 male) from the community in Los Angeles, CA. Participants performed a decision-making task involving reward-learning and loss-avoidance while being scanned with fMRI. Using computational model fitting, we found that individuals in the PG group showed evidence for an excessive dependence on slow timescales and a reduced reliance on fast timescales during learning. fMRI data implicated the putamen, an area associated with habit, and medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) in slow loss-value encoding, with significantly more robust encoding in medial PFC in the PG group compared to controls. The PG group also exhibited stronger loss prediction error encoding in the insular cortex. These findings suggest that individuals with PG have an impaired ability to adjust their predictions following losses, manifested by a stronger influence of slow value learning. This impairment could contribute to the behavioral inflexibility of problem gamblers, particularly the persistence in gambling behavior typically observed in those individuals after incurring loss outcomes.
Molecular mechanism of androgen receptor mutation in multigenerational mild androgen insensitivity syndrome
Authors: Pandher Ravind , Chang Ruby , Chang Yiqun , Hibbs David E , Du Jonathan J , McGrath Kristine , Heather Alison , Jayadev Veena , Handelsman David J
Published: November 2024

Objective

Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) due to androgen receptor (AR) mutations creates a spectrum of clinical presentations based on residual AR function with the mildest impairment creating mild AIS (MAIS) whose undefined molecular mechanism and subtle clinical features leave it less understood and underdiagnosed.

Design

In silico modeling and in vitro androgen bioassay of the mutated AR are used to identify its structural and physiological mechanism. Clinical features and responses to high-dose testosterone treatment of three cases of MAIS across a six-generation family pedigree are described.

Methods

Structural and dynamic in silico molecular modeling and in vitro yeast-based androgen bioassays of the mutant AR are employed. Three cases of MAIS with consistent (gynecomastia and micropenis) and variable (infertility) clinical features across generations are reported, and the effects of high-dose testosterone treatment are studied.

Results

The missense AR exon 8 mutation (nucleotide aga → gga, p.R872G arginine to glycine), known to cause an increased ligand dissociation rate in mutant AR in binding assays, was analyzed. Modeling shows that the mutation weakens the closure energy of the ‘lid’ of the ligand-binding pocket, allowing easier ligand dissociation from the binding site but with unimpaired in vitro androgen bioactivity. High-dose testosterone treatment for 3 years in one young man caused increased virilization and height growth but was ineffective for treating micropenis. Genetic counseling allowed effective prediction of MAIS risks in progeny for carrier and noncarrier sisters.

Conclusions

The differential diagnosis and clinical management of MAIS is reviewed. The novel molecular mechanism of an AR ligand-binding domain mutation in MAIS may be present in other cases of MAIS.
What Was the Name of the Stationmaster Vyrin in the Book “The Belkin Tales”, Which Makar Devushkin Read?
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Tikhomirov Boris
Published: November 2024

An article by S. B. Fedotova “Samson or Simeon? (on the name of the stationmaster in Pushkin’s story),” which served as the reason for this publication, was published in No. 2 of the Russkaya literatura for 2024. This article examines the paradoxical variability of the name of the title character (Simeon/Samson) in the story “The Stationmaster” in the 1830s editions and analyzed the reasons for this circumstance. The noted textual incident acquires special significance due to the fact that Pushkin’s work is read by the hero of Dostoevsky’s novel “Poor Folk” (1846) Makar Devushkin, speaking in his correspondence with Varenka Dobroselova about the caretaker Vyrin as an authentic image of himself. Devushkin repeatedly refers to Pushkin’s character as Samson Vyrin. Commentators of “Poor Folk” have long established that the hero of “Poor Folk” reads “The Stationmaster” in the first separate edition of 1831, where, however, as it turned out, the character’s name is Simeon. This contradiction is analyzed in the article in the light of the creative history of Dostoevsky’s first novel.
It’s More Complicated Than Interpreter Use: Improving Care for Non–English-Speaking Families
Authors: Ulicny Ann Kennon , Carpenter Ariel , Mertens Elizabeth O. , Rajbhandari Prabi , Sharma Meenu , Shaughnessy Erin E. , Tong Ching Man Carmen , Molina Adolfo
Published: November 2024

Mateo is a 2-week-old male who presented for evaluation of neonatal fever and whose parents speak Spanish. Workup revealed pyelonephritis, underlying renal anomalies, and vesicoureteral reflux. A complex interplay of individual and contextual factors contributed to Mateo not receiving prophylactic antibiotics, which ultimately led to a potentially preventable subsequent admission for sepsis secondary to Escherichia coli pyelonephritis with bacteremia. Further history revealed additional communication breakdown; despite multiple appointments between hospitalizations, systems issues led to Mateo’s primary care provider being unaware of Mateo’s admissions or urologic diagnoses.

This case demonstrates challenges facing health care providers as we strive to provide equitable care to families speaking languages other than English (LOE). Although an in-person interpreter was used throughout Mateo’s hospitalization, there were still key areas of communication breakdown and opportunities for improvement. First, we describe characteristics of the growing population speaking LOE in the United States and discuss qualitative and quantitative disparities in health care encounters for this population. Through Mateo’s experience, we highlight the transition of care at discharge as being highly vulnerable to communication breakdown, particularly for patients speaking LOE, and emphasize the additional impact of low health literacy on these challenges. Finally, we outline potential strategies to reduce disparities and improve outcomes for pediatric patients and families speaking LOE, focusing on (1) consistent and evidence-based interpreter use, (2) incorporation of health literacy–informed communication strategies in the discharge process, (3) reducing barriers to follow-up appointments or diagnostic testing, and (4) closed-loop communication with the patient’s primary care provider.
Nearring 𝑝-Indecomposables and Φ-Irreducibility
Authors: Scott Stuart D.
Published: November 2024

This paper is mainly about direct summand right ideals of nearrings with 𝐷𝐶𝐶𝑁 which cannot be expressed as a non-trivial direct sum. A fairly natural condition (Φ-irreducibility) makes it possible to study these right ideals in reasonable depth. It turns out they are either very ring like or right ideals (called shares) controlling considerable nearring structure. The two cases are studied in some detail. A surprising feature of the last section is that, with weak hypercentrality present, the nearring is a unique finite direct sum of these right ideals if, and only if, all such right ideals are ideals.
A Simple Perspective on a Challenging Atypical Harmonic Series Using Real Methods
Authors: Layja Jorge Antonio González
Published: November 2024

In the present paper we aim to calculate with the exclusive use of real methods, an atypical harmonic series with a weight 4 structure, featuring the harmonic number of the kind 𝐻2𝑘. Very simple relations and neat results are considered for the evaluation of the main series.
The Evolution of Philosophical Interpretation in Islam: From Classical to Modern
Authors: Haikal Reyazul Jinan , Firdaus Zhilal Fajar
Published: November 2024

This research examines the evolution of philosophical interpretation (tafsir falsafi) from the classical to the modern period within the context of the Islamic intellectual heritage. Philosophical interpretation, integral to the journey of Muslim scholars since the classical era, serves as a "gateway" to the progress of Islamic thought. However, the philosophical nature of this interpretation has sparked controversy and is deemed problematic from an epistemological perspective, becoming a focal point of debate among the Muslim community. The research employs a library research method, utilizing various literature sources as supporting evidence, with a primary focus on both primary and secondary data. The findings indicate that the emergence of philosophical interpretation is linked to the translation of Greek works into Arabic. Some fully reject or accept it, while others integrate it with Eastern traditions. Overall, a comprehensive interpretation fully incorporating the philosophical style has not been found; usually, this style is expressed separately through writings that do not specifically interpret the Quran. The epistemology of early-generation philosophical interpretation tends to be peripatetic, involving the use of reason in discussing aspects such as divinity, the afterlife, and scientific disciplines. Some figures or philosophers relevant to the philosophical interpretation of Quranic verses include al-Kindi, al-Farabi, the Ikhwan al-Shafa order, and Ibn Sina.
Shah Wali Allah al-Dihlawi and the Conclusive Argument from God
Authors: Chowdury Saeyd Rashed Hasan
Published: November 2024

This scholarly analysis critically assesses the literary work, “The Conclusive Argument From God: Hujjat Allah al-Baligha,” by Shah Wali Allah al-Dihlawi. Dihlawi’s Hujjat Allah al-Balighah delved into the intricacies of Sharia by unveiling its underlying principles and exploring its various branches. While grounded in Sharia’s esoteric dimensions, the work seamlessly integrates Hadith, Fiqh, ethical teachings, Sufism, and even philosophical elements. Drawing upon his expertise in descriptive and epistemological disciplines, Dihlawi navigated these mysteries with an unwavering commitment to knowledge. Remarkably, he identified the scientific justification for each Quranic and Prophetic mandate, bridging the gap between revelation and reason. Furthermore, he eloquently emphasized the importance of Sufism and spirituality within the Islamic context. Hujjat Allah al-Balighah illuminated the relevance and interconnectivity of the four primary Sunni schools of thought, highlighting their joint base in Islamic law and tradition.
Impact of the Journaling Method on the Essay Writing Skills of Senior Secondary School Students in Keana Local Government Area
Authors:   Department of Arts Education (English), Nasarawa State University, Keffi., Ogoshi Hamza Igwata
Published: November 2024

This study was carried out to examine the impact of the journaling method on the essay writing skills of senior secondary school students in Keana Local Government Area. This study utilised the quasi-experimental research design. The population for this study consisted of all public senior secondary school two students in Keana LGA, with a population of 3,012. The sample for the study were 103 students selected from 2. The intact group system was used were all the SS 2 students in the selected schools were used as sample size. The instrument used for data collection in this study was the Essay Writing Achievement Test (EWAT). The experimental group received instruction using the journaling method, focusing on idea generation, organization and punctuation in essay writing. The control group received normal classroom discussion-based instruction on essay writing. The treatment lasted for two weeks, with 80 minutes per week dedicated to it. The post-test was administered to both the experimental and control groups following the completion of the treatment. The findings indicated that students who were exposed to journaling method performed better in terms of organization, content development, mechanical accuracy and idea expression. It was recommended that teachers should recognize that different writing skills may benefit from different approaches, government can offer professional development opportunities for teachers to enhance their understanding and implementation of the journaling method.
How do teachers assess primary school students’ science academic performance: An in-depth interview with 23 primary school science teachers
Authors:   College of Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China, Chenhui Guo , Chen Yi , Saiqi Tian , Lili Cai ,   Liushi No. 8 Primary School, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this paper is to explore the current situation and challenges of assessing science learning achievement in primary school. We interviewed 23 primary school science teachers from 17 schools in an East metropolitan area of 10 million people in China. Drawing from a grounded theory study, our findings revealed a generally favorable disposition among primary school science teachers toward the assessment on scientific academic performance. But the current primary school science assessment is still lacking in standardization. Considering assessment methods, paper-based test method is the most commonly used in primary school science academic assessment, and is also considered to be the most effective method. The current academic assessment method is mainly based on teacher assessment and supplemented by student assessment. Assessment on science academic performance also faced several challenges, including undiversified assessment methods, a heavy workload for teachers and students, a lack of financial support and a lack of assessment instruments.
Instructional Clarity in Science Lessons: High-Achieving Students’ Motivation to Learn Science and Perception of Science Utility Value
Authors: Pečiuliauskienė Palmira
Published: November 2024

The study deals with the relevance of instructional clarity in science lessons to eighth-grade school students’ motivation and perceptions of science utility value. A secondary analysis of data from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) was carried out for countries whose students' science achievement scores were higher than the TIMSS 2019 scale center point. The results revealed that instructional clarity increases high-achieving students’ motivation and perception of science utility value.
Examining the Impact of Intercultural Education on the Levels of Intercultural Sensitivity of Primary School Teachers: Evidences From North Macedonia
Authors: Adili Bujar , Zenki-Dalipi Arbresha , Ameti Makfirete
Published: November 2024

The research aims to examine whether the intercultural education teachers’ previous experience affects their level of intercultural sensitivity. The research results show that prior intercultural education significantly affects the levels of ethnocentrism and ethnorelativism of teachers. Considering the results, which show that intercultural education does not impact teachers’ substantive knowledge and perceptual understanding, educational authorities should seek alternative ways to enhance it.
The 13th All-Russian Conference "Contradictions of modern Cardiology: controversial and unresolved issues". COLLECTION OF ABSTRACTS
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: November 2024

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Deep Learning and Statistical Operations Based features extraction for Skin Cancer Detection
Authors:   King Abdullah II School of Information Technology The University of Jordan, Abu Shehab Amal , Al-Sharaeh Saleh ,   King Abdullah II School of Information Technology The University of Jordan
Published: November 2024

Skin cancer is considered as one of the most serious types of cancer that leads to death worldwide. The number of deaths that caused by skin cancer can be reduced if it is diagnosed at early stages. Skin cancer is usually diagnosed using visual inspection, but it is less accurate. Using deep learning-based methods have been proposed to assist the doctors to diagnose the skin cancers at early accurately. The investigation was achieved on 3600 images collected from kaggle. Two deep learning algorithms used in the study: Vgg-19 and Alexnet to extract the layers 6 and 7. Then, the two layers will be merged to generate the statistical operations like: median, lowest, highest and joined of two layers. The following classifiers were used in the investigation: K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes and Decision Tree. However, the study considered the following measures: accuracy, precision, recall, and F-Measure. Three training datasets sizes will be used to investigate the influence on classification accuracy. The results of all datasets were slightly similar. This approves that the extracted features and the statistical operations have an influence on the classification accuracy. The results show that Alexnet performs high accuracy and consumes less time that required for training the model compared to vgg-19. The results of classifiers showed that Random Forest scored high classification accuracy (85.6) compared to other ML classifiers
Giving meaning to internalized violence throughout life by older adults living in rural areas
Authors: Costa Aline Balandis , Salci Maria Aparecida , Marques Francielle Renata Danielli Martins , Baldissera Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi , Carreira Lígia
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the meanings of violence internalized throughout life by older adults living in rural areas. Methods: a qualitative study, anchored in the Symbolic Interactionism theoretical framework and the Grounded Theory methodological framework in the constructivist aspect. Data collection occurred through individual interviews. Data were coded using the Atlas.ti software. Results: it was possible to identify that the context of rural areas strengthens patriarchy culture as well as contributing to violence silence and naturalization. It was also found that violence is a product of social inequality and gender inequality. Final Considerations: older adults living in rural areas internalized the violence suffered in a unique way, and this scenario’s specific aspects can increase intra-family abuse, as there is a patriarchal culture that promotes social and gender inequality.
The processability and properties of agar/gelatin film in a melt-mixing process
Authors: Nissa Rossy Choerun , Hanifah Aisyah , Nurhamiyah Yeyen , Firdiana Bonita , Christian David , Veridianti Dominika Dwi , Abdullah Akbar Hanif Dawam , Kusumah Sukma Surya
Published: November 2024

The rising concern in the use of nonbiodegradable plastics has triggered the search for potential substitutes from renewable sources. Agar and gelatin are two potential sources of bio-based plastic; however, their preparation process mostly uses solution casting, which uses toxic substances, limiting its processability in industrial machinery. In this study, agar/gelatin film was produced through a twin-roll mixer without any involvement of any toxic chemicals, creating a greener process of bioplastic. The resulting films were investigated in terms of processability, chemical structure, thermal properties, tensile properties, contact angle, and biodegradation. The loading of gelatin improved the processability of the agar film blends, which is comparable with synthetic plastic, such as high-density polyethylene and polypropylene. With the gelatin loading of 3 wt.%, the tensile strength increased from 20.80 to 25.89 MPa. The presence of gelatin enhanced the onset degradation temperature (Tdonset) and peak degradation temperature (Tdpeak) of glycerol while lowering both values in agar. Contact angle increased from 38.17° to 67.77° with the presence of 4 wt.% gelatin. These results show that agar/gelatin has a promising future to be an environmentally friendly substitution for synthetic, nondegradable plastic and can be produced in a common plastic industry equipment.
Combat at Gamer’s Pace. No Pause nor Reset Button
Authors: Danylyuk Olga
Published: November 2024

The battlefield in Ukraine is a combination of World War I style trenches, the counter terrorism command centers and fleets of adapted commercial drones virtually wired together by everyday internet technology. The wide use of ‘wedding’ drones DJI Mavic on Ukrainian battlefield blurs the line between the type of drones used to fight wars and to film weddings. What happens when the underground world of DIY drones building, and drone racing is co-opted by the military? The regular presence of small, reconnaissance drones over conflict zone sow confusion, fear, and terror among soldiers. The small drones, the eyes in a sky, induce the feeling of exposure and lethal voyeurism wherever they are on the ground. Small drones are not classified as military hardware, although with millions of those already in circulation and the technology to build them freely available, the army of drones is on the battlefield for good. There are unconfirmed reports of Russia and Ukraine experimenting with drones that can identify and attack targets without human input, using artificial intelligence. Needless to say, the fully autonomous killer drones are changing the thinking about rules of war and demand new modes of diplomacy to prevent escalatory threat.
A film-maker not a note-taker: a roundtable discussion on the craft of script supervision
Authors: Williams Melanie
Published: November 2024

Script supervision is a vitally important but often unheralded or misunderstood area of work within film and television production. This discussion among seven exponants of the craft (six women and one man, reflecting the role's broader gender ratio) provides new insights into many different aspects of their work as well as the particular challenges their profession faces in the current moment.
Transparent minds and peasant subjectivity in the novella “The Inn” by Ivan Turgenev
Authors:   HSE University, Vdovin Alexey V.
Published: November 2024

The representation of characters’ minds and consciousness in Ivan Turgenev’s novella “The Inn” (1852), published in 1856, is explored through narratological methods. The author puts forth a hypothesis that Turgenev mastered the novelistic form by practicing auctorial narratives with a heterodiegetic narrator. This hypothesis is based on the theory of “transparent minds” formulated by Dorrit Cohn and her followers. In this respect, the lifestyle and consciousness of peasants, not deemed understandable by other educated social groups at the time, serves as a convenient tool for Turgenev to employ the auctorial narrative style and the technique of lucid thinking in “Mumu” and “The Inn.” The latter work introduces a groundbreaking portrayal of the peasant’s subjectivity, achieved through the exploration of direct thought, indirect speech and thought, and the narrative of thought acts. In the finale of the novella, the narrator dedicates significant attention to the protagonist, Akim, carefully observing his outer and inner speech, its subsequent loss, and eventual recovery. The metaphysical and profound significance of “The Inn” lies in Akim’s transformative journey following a material and moral catastrophe. Overnight, he loses both his modestly acquired wealth and his spouse, leading him to undergo a process of repentance and enlightenment. Their influence leads him to spiritual renewal, reestablishing the profound significance of existence and embarking on a devout journey through holy sites. Consequently, the return of speech and the inner rebirth can be interpreted as a manifestation of subjectivity and even agency of the hero.
Comparative Analysis of ML Models with Selection Methods for Early Predictive Analytics of Sepsis in ICU
Authors:   Assistant Professor, The NorthCap University, India, Vandana Vandana , Chhikara Rita
Published: November 2024

Objectives: This study aims to make early prediction of Sepsis using ML algorithms and provide comparative analysis of different feature selection techniques. Methods: In this study, the Physionet website dataset has been used. Sepsis categorization is done on the basis of Sepsis-3 criteria. The dataset used is highly imbalanced, with only 2% of the data belonging to Sepsis. The SmoteTomek technique is used to handle an imbalanced dataset. Various filter, embedded, and wrapper feature selection techniques, like tree-based feature selection technique, recursive feature elimination (RFE), information gain, Bhattacharya distance, lasso, etc., have been applied for the top-performing classification ML models. These selection techniques were applied to RandomForest, K Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Decision Tree models. We compared the impact of these selection techniques on the aforesaid machine learning models. Findings: After applying the RFE technique, the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC) score of the RandomForest model has slightly increased from 0.996 to 0.9974. KNN model with a tree-based feature selection technique showed the highest sensitivity of 0.934. which is slightly higher than the sensitivity of 0.922, which was without applying any feature selection technique. Along with the AUROC score, the highest performance, in terms of specificity (0.9976), accuracy (0.9959), and f-measure score (0.9062), is achieved when RFE is applied to the RandomForest model. The best selection algorithm for decision trees and KNN is the tree-based selection technique. RFE is the best selection technique for RandomForest. Novelty: In this research, the AUROC score is slightly increased to 0.9974, which has not been achieved yet. Instead of 40, the number of features chosen is 20. This research also provides a comparison of different feature selection techniques like tree-based feature selection, information gain, Bhattacharya, and RFE. It also analyses their impact on the performance of models, which has not been done yet with the same set of selection techniques. Keywords: Sepsis, Machine Learning, Feature selection, Early prediction, Predictive Analytics
Distance Degree Sequence and Distance Neighborhood Degree Sequence of Vertices in Fuzzy Graphs and Some of Their Properties
Authors:   Associate Professor, PG and Research Department of Mathematics, Thanthai Periyar Government Arts and Science College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan university), Tiruchirapalli, 620023, Tamil Nadu, India, Radha K , Gayathri S R
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study is to explore new types of sequences in fuzzy graphs namely distance degree sequence and distance neighborhood degree sequence of fuzzy graphs which may have various applications in the real world. Methods: In this paper, two unique sequences for each vertex of fuzzy graphs are given by means of its degree and neighborhood degree which are called as the distance degree sequence and distance neighborhood degree sequence of vertices of fuzzy graphs respectively. The n-tuple of the distance degree sequence of vertices of a fuzzy graph arranged in lexicographic order is called the distance degree sequence of the fuzzy graph and the n-tuple of distance neighborhood degree sequence of vertices of a fuzzy graph arranged in lexicographic order is called the distance neighborhood degree sequence of the fuzzy graph. Findings: The distance degree sequence and distance neighborhood degree sequence of fuzzy graphs are introduced. The properties of these sequences and the general forms of these sequences of various fuzzy graphs are given. The relationship between the distance degree sequence and distance neighborhood degree sequences is discussed. Novelty: The distance degree sequence of graphs has already been introduced. In fuzzy graph theory, the distance degree sequence and distance neighborhood degree sequence are introduced in this paper. Mathematics Subject Classification (202 0): 03E72, 05C72, 05C12. Keywords: Fuzzy graphs, Distance degree sequence, Distance neighborhood-degree sequence, Regular fuzzy graphs