bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Fasilitas Belajar di Sekolah, Displin, Minat, dan Hasil Belajar IPS
Authors: Arsyid  , Muzzamil Lasim
Published: September 2020

This research is motivated by the low utilization of learning facilities in schools, interests and discipline, this is seen from the lack of students utilizing learning facilities in schools such as students not going to the library during empty hours, lacking use of books in the library as a reference for learning, lack of discipline such as often being late in entering class, often in and out of the learning process and low student interest in learning as there are still chatting in class, many students who just play and pay less attention to the teacher during the learning process. This study aims to determine (1) The effect of the use of learning facilities in schools, discipline, and mutual interest in social studies learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 9 Baubau. (2) The effect of the use of learning facilities in schools on the results of social studies learning at SMP Negeri 9 at SMP Negeri 9 Baubau. (3) The effect of discipline on social studies learning outcomes in SMP Negeri 9 Baubau and (4) The influence of interest in learning outcomes at social studies at SMP Negeri 9 Baubau. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive survey approach. The study population was 85 and the entire population was determined as the study sample. The results showed: (1) there was an influence jointly or simultaneously the use of learning facilities in schools, discipline, and interest in social studies learning outcomes, (2) there was an influence of the use of learning facilities in schools on social studies learning outcomes, (3) there was an influence discipline in the learning outcomes of social studies, and (4) there is an influence of interest in learning outcomes in social studies.
Hubungan lama masa kering terhadap produksi susu dan puncak laktasi pada sapi perah
Authors: Tribudi Yuli Arif , Mahmud Ali , Rinanti Rosyida Fajri
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lama masa kering dengan produksi susu dan puncak laktasi pada sapi FH. Materi yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari pencatatan recording 189 ekor sapi FH pada PT. Greenfields Indonesia di Desa Babadan Kecamatan Ngajum Kabupaten Malang. Analisis pengaruh lama masa kering terhadap produksi susu dan puncak laktasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa hubungan lama masa kering terhadap produksi susu berpengaruh signifikan (P<0,05) dengan persamaan regresi Y = 28,31 – 1,26 X sedangkan dengan puncak laktasi menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak berpengaruh (P>0,05). Lama masa kering menentukan produksi susu pada sapi perah dengan masa kering yang ideal 55- 60 hari dimana semakin lama masa kering maka produksi susu akan menurun.

Kata kunci : masa kering, produksi susu, regresi, sapi FH

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dry period length on milk production and peak milk yield of the Friesian Holstein (FH) dairy cows. Data on milk production from 189 FH cows raised at PT. Greenfields Indonesia were collected and subjected to linier regression analysis. The results showed that dry period length significantly (P<0.05) on affected milk production with regression equation of Y = 28.31 – 1.26 X, but had no significant effect (P.0.05) on peak milk yield. The optimal length of dry period was observed between 55 and 60 days. Milk production decreased with the increasing length of dry period above 55-60 days.

Key words : dry period, milk yield, regression, FH cows
Kualitas spermatozoa ayam kampung dan ayam arab dengan lama simpan yang berbeda pada suhu ruang
Authors: Kusumawati Enike Dwi , Krisnaningsih Aju Tjatur Nugroho , Walangara Aditya Umbu Kulli
Published: September 2020

This research was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Kanjuruhan Malang, which began in March until May 2019. The purpose of this study was to study the quality of semen of Kampung Ayam Arabian funds with long stored Arabs that produce in spaces. In this study, the material used was cement of Kampung chickens and Arabic chickens which were requested from two male chickens and 2 male Arab chickens needed 1.5-2 years that had a body weight of ± 2.5 kg and each tail was accommodated 1 time per day and in one shelter done 1 ejaculation. The laboratory test method uses a completely randomized design (factorial). The research treatment is storing time 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours. Each payment is repeated ten times. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of shelf life on the quality of spermatozoa. After 4 hours motility is not feasible for IB, after 4 hours the viability is not feasible for all, after 4 hours the abnormality is not feasible for all.
DWELLING IN THE DEAD ZONE—VERTEBRATE BURROWS IMMEDIATELY SUCCEEDING THE END-PERMIAN EXTINCTION EVENT IN AUSTRALIA
Authors: McLoughlin Stephen , Mays Chris , Vajda Vivi , Bocking Malcolm , Frank Tracy D. , Fielding Christopher R.
Published: September 2020

A distinctive burrow form, Reniformichnus australis n. isp., is described from strata immediately overlying and transecting the end-Permian extinction (EPE) horizon in the Sydney Basin, eastern Australia. Although a unique excavator cannot be identified, these burrows were probably produced by small cynodonts based on comparisons with burrows elsewhere that contain body fossils of the tracemakers. The primary host strata are devoid of plant remains apart from wood and charcoal fragments, sparse fungal spores, and rare invertebrate traces indicative of a very simplified terrestrial ecosystem characterizing a ‘dead zone' in the aftermath of the EPE. The high-paleolatitude (∼ 65–75°S) setting of the Sydney Basin, together with its higher paleoprecipitation levels and less favorable preservational potential, is reflected by a lower diversity of vertebrate fossil burrows and body fossils compared with coeval continental interior deposits of the mid-paleolatitude Karoo Basin, South Africa. Nevertheless, these burrows reveal the survivorship of small tetrapods in considerable numbers in the Sydney Basin immediately following the EPE. A fossorial lifestyle appears to have provided a selective advantage for tetrapods enduring the harsh environmental conditions that arose during the EPE. Moreover, high-paleolatitude and maritime settings may have provided important refugia for terrestrial vertebrates at a time of lethal temperatures at low-latitudes and aridification of continental interiors.
Los programas de humanidades ante las agendas educativas supranacionales
Authors: López-Fernández Laura
Published: September 2020

En este artículo se presentan claves contextuales para entender quiénes son los nuevos actores del ámbito educativo en la enseñanza superior y, a su vez, se exponen algunas de las crisis sistémicas a las que se enfrentan los programas de humanidades. Para esto se citan fuentes críticas en temas de globalización y política educativa, así como acuerdos internacionales firmados entre gobiernos e instituciones de distintos países. En el contexto de comercialización de la educación y de las posibles estrategias de enseñanza y los modos artísticos no canónicos, se examina la relevancia de la poesía experimental como objeto de estudio en las humanidades. Se pretende ofrecer aquí un espacio de reflexión ante los rumbos actuales de las políticas educativas supranacionales que fomentan la comercialización de la enseñanza y se alejan del concepto tradicional de cultura. Las líneas argumentales parten del marco de los estudios culturales para enfocarse en los, cada vez más populares, estudios globales, eje paradigmático que condiciona en la actualidad el devenir de los estudios de las humanidades y cambia el concepto tradicional de las artes liberales. La ubicación de las humanidades dentro del marco de los estudios globales genera un distanciamiento ideológico y múltiples crisis en la educación con respecto a los referentes y los valores tradicionales. El artículo destaca el caso de artes marginales, la escritura experimental, en cuanto objeto de estudio de este nuevo modus operandi. Además, se proponen algunas estrategias educativas y se profundiza en el estado actual de la educación de las humanidades.
A abordagem da gestão de processos no contexto da administração pública: um estudo numa câmara legislativa local
Authors: Silva Ítalo Henrique F. R. da , Soares Natanael da Silva , Nascimento Bruno Gustavo Ferreira do , Santos Elisabeth Cavalcante dos
Published: September 2020

Com base na metodologia orientada à abordagem da gestão de processos, desenvolvida a partir de Rotondaro (2005), Bouer (2005) e Paim et al. (2009), o objetivo central deste artigo é analisar o processo de elaboração do projeto de lei ordinária (PLO) numa Câmara Legislativa Local com o intuito de identificar problemas operacionais e propor melhorias. Usamos métodos como entrevistas semiestruturadas, reuniões, técnica do brainstorming, pesquisa documental e dados secundários de controle dos projetos de leis produzidos pelos departamentos organizacionais envolvidos no estudo. Como principais resultados, foi possível identificar uma estrutura funcional por processos transversais que coloca o cidadão/usuário como personagem central. Também foi possível perceber a interferência de questões políticas e culturais típicas da administração pública do Nordeste, que intervêm no processo de criação do projeto de lei ordinária analisado. Diante do principal problema observado, a saber, a ausência de uma análise prévia dos projetos de lei, culminando no alto índice de rejeição, foi proposta uma nova fase ao processo detalhado por meio de fluxograma.

 

Palavras-Chave: Gestão de Processos, Administração Pública, Câmara Legislativa, Criação de Lei, Agreste de Pernambuco.
Determinantes da deslistagem no Brasil: a estrutura de propriedade e controle influencia o fechamento de capital das firmas?
Authors: Cordeiro Júnior Edson Carlos , Peixoto Fernanda Maciel , Carvalho Luciana
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho investigou a relação entre deslistagem voluntária e estrutura de propriedade/controle, em especial se as estruturas piramidais de controle impactam na probabilidade de deslistagem no Brasil. A amostra do estudo envolveu todas as empresas listadas na B3 no período de 2012 a 2017, período em que foram registradas 153 deslistagens voluntárias no país. O método selecionado foi a regressão logística, dado que a variável dependente – deslistagem voluntária – é binária. Como principais resultados, constatou-se uma relação negativa entre deslistagem e tamanho da firma e entre deslistagem e liquidez da ação. Por sua vez, detectou-se relação positiva entre fechamento de capital e disponibilidade de caixa. Entretanto, não se observaram efeitos significativos entre deslistagem e estrutura de propriedade e controle para as firmas brasileiras.

 

Palavras-Chave: Deslistagem Voluntária, Estrutura de Propriedade e Controle, Estrutura Piramidal.
Os efeitos contracionistas da PEC Emergencial: o impacto da incerteza do pagamento de salários do setor público na economia brasileira
Authors: Domingues Edson Paulo , Cardoso Débora Freire , Magalhães Aline Souza , Simonato Thiago Cavalcante
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo projetar os principais impactos econômicos gerados pelo corte em até 25% dos vencimentos e das horas de trabalho do funcionalismo, previstos na Proposta de Emenda Constitucional (PEC) 186. Os resultados apontam efeitos negativos significativos sobre os setores, além dos efeitos sobre o PIB e emprego, no curto e médio prazo. As simulações indicam que o PIB pode recuar de -1,4%, para o corte de 25%, a -0,30%, para um corte de 5%, como efeito de curto prazo desse tipo de política. No médio prazo, o impacto negativo é permanente se a medida não for revertida: -1%, para corte de 25%, e -0,2%, para corte de 5%.

 

Palavras-Chave: Gasto Público, Austeridade, Emprego; Salários, Equilíbrio Geral Computável.
Evaluation of Maternal Death Surveillance and Response System in Dewachefa Woreda, Oromia Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2018
Authors: Tariku Mengistie , Misikir Sewnet Wongiel , Bantie Simachew Animen , Belete Abebe Habtamu
Published: September 2020

Background: Maternal death surveillance and response (MDSR) is the “litmus test” of the health system that provides evidence for accomplishment, links activities to results, makes maternal death visible at all levels, informs communities & health workers, increases country ownership of data, provides information in real time and allows improvement towards catching all maternal mortalities. The aim of study was to evaluate maternal death surveillance and response system in Dewachefa. Methods: A cross sectional study design was conducted in two health centers, five health post, district health office and from these facilities 32 health workers were included. Data were collected through focal person, health worker and health extension worker interview by using checklist. Collected data were entered into Epi data version 3.1. These data were exported to statistical package for social science for analysis. Analyzed data were presented in the form of text, table and figures. Result: The average completeness of weekly report form of the district was 77.4%. Twenty-eight (87.5%) of the health worker had not got Maternal death surveillance and response (MDSR) training. All visited health facilities and Woredas focal person were trained. The system had under notification of maternal death from the community, poor involvement of health facility staff, and discordance of data between public health emergency management, and maternal and newborn health unit report. Establish rapid response team that includes maternal and child health staff’s maternal death review committees in all health facilities.
En Bloc Right Hemicolectomy with Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Locally Advanced Right-Sided Colon Cancer
Authors: Yan Xiao-Luan , Wang Kun , Bao Quan , Wang Hong-Wei , Jin Ke-Min , Wang Jun-Yun , Xing Bao-Cai
Published: September 2020

Background: En bloc right hemicolectomy with pancreaticoduodenectomy (RHCPD) is the optimum treatment to achieve the adequate margin of resection (R0) for locally advanced right-sided colon cancer (LARCC). Information regarding the indications and outcomes of this procedure is limited.Method: In this retrospective study, patients who underwent RHCPD for LARCC during October 2010 to May 2019 were identified. The overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), mortality, postsurgical complications, gene mutational analysis, and prognostic factors were evaluated. Survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meir method.Results: Nineteen patients who underwent RHCPD were included in the study. The OS was 88.2%, 65.9%, and 57.6% at 1, 3, and 5 years. The DFS was 71.6%, 56.4%, and 56.4% at 1, 3, and 5 years. The median operative time was 320 minutes (range: 222-410 minutes), and the median operative blood loss was 268 mL (range: 100-600 mL). The OS was significantly better among patients with well-differentiated tumor (P=0.03), N0 stage (P=0.01), and high microsatellite instability (MSI) (P=0.047) and in patients who received chemotherapy (P=0.027). The major postoperative complications occurred in 8 patients (42%), with pancreatic fistula (PF) being the most common. On the basis of the univariate analysis, poorly differentiated tumor, regional lymph node dissemination, MSI status, and no perioperative chemotherapy were the significant predictors of poor survival (P<0.05). By multivariate analysis, only lymph node status was the significant factor (hazard ratio [HR]: 79.045; P=0.021).Conclusions: This study suggests that RHCPD is feasible and can achieve complete tumor clearance with favorable outcome, particularly in patients with lymph node-negative status.
Identifying Pathways to Accomplish Brazil's NDC Through an Integrated Assessment Modeling Approach
Authors: Rathmann Régis , Mouette Dominique , Santos Edmilson Moutinho dos , Cruz Márcio Rojas da , Araujo Ricardo Vieira
Published: September 2020

Background: The increasing awareness about climate change and the adverse effects of global mean temperature increasing beyond +1.5 ∘ C above pre-industrial levels resulted in a historic international climate agreement in December 2015 in Paris. Countries around the globe published their intended Nationally Determined Contributions (hereafter iNDCs)–converted into Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC), committing to take actions post-2020 to tackle global warming, mainly to mitigate greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. The Brazilian NDC established absolute emissions targets of 1.3 GtCO 2 e by 2025 and of 1.2 GtCO 2 e by 2030 (GWP-100, AR5), corresponding to reductions of 37% and 43%, respectively, compared to 2005. In this work, we studied the role that each economic sector can play to meet the Brazilian NDC through an integrated assessment modeling (IAM) approach. Results: The analysis showed that the AFOLU (Agriculture, Forestry and Land-Use) sector would contribute with mitigation amounts of 25.5 MtCO 2 e in 2025 and 145.8 MtCO 2 e in 2030, considering implementation of no-regret abatement measures (LC0) and LC10 scenario, which implies an economic effort to internalize a carbon price of US$ 10/tCO 2 e in the economy, respectively. Potential emissions reductions in the energy system would contribute to the mitigation of 60.4 MtCO 2 e in 2025 and 211.1 MtCO 2 e in 2030. Additionally, we identified critical measures with higher mitigation potential, for instance, commercially planted forests, integrated crop-livestock-forestry systems, no-tillage systems, biological nitrogen fixation application, intensification of livestock production through cattle confinement, deforestation reduction, expansion of native vegetation, and degraded pastures recovery in the AFOLU sector. Regarding the energy system, the integrated modeling demonstrated high mitigation potential in measures related to energy efficiency in the industry, waste management, and transport sectors; as well as a modal shift from individual to collective passenger transport and highways to railways and waterways to load transportation, and energy utilization of urban solid waste and effluent of treatment plants for the production of biomethane and electricity. Conclusions: Projected emissions for 2025 demonstrate that the NDC target for this year could be achieved with the LC0 scenario (carbon value equal to zero) implementation, while the NDC target for 2030 could be achieved by implementing the LC10 scenario in 2030.
Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Markers and Crohn’s Disease: Lymphocytes Counts Could Predict Stricture Lesions 
Authors: Zhang Juanjuan , Guo Zhen , Diao Yanqing , Da Binlin , Wang Zhiming , LI Qiurong
Published: September 2020

Background: Intestinal stricture is a complication of Crohn’s disease (CD) due to fibrosis, but there are no biomarkers for predicting intestinal strictures before clinical obstruction. It is reported that several types of lymphocytes (LC) are involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis. However, few studies have focused on the peripheral blood LC in patients with CD associated stricture.Aim：To analyze the relationships between peripheral blood inflammatory markers especially LC and CD to provide evidence for CD diagnosis and therapy. Methods: A total of 158 CD patients who underwent single-balloon enteroscopy from January 2016 to June 2019 in Jinling Hospital were retrospectively enrolled. The Montreal classification, maintenance medicines, CD activity index (CDAI), simple endoscopic score for CD (SES-CD), full blood count and C-reactive protein (CRP) level were recorded. The relationships among peripheral blood inflammatory markers, disease activity and intestinal strictures were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results: After excluding 8 patients treated with azathioprine, which severely affects blood counts, 150 patients were divided into two groups: a stricture group (n=82) and non-stricture group (n=68). LC and the proportion of lymphocytes (LC%) were significantly lower in the stricture group than in the non-stricture group, p was 0.000 and 0.018, respectively, and LC was an independent risk factor of stricture lesion. In the subgroup analysis, 30 strictures without obstruction were classified as mild strictures, and 52 cases of obstruction were in the severe stricture group. LC notably decreased following stricture aggravation, p=0.000. The area under the curve (AUC) of LC predicting strictures was 0.711 with sensitivity of 73.5% and a specificity of 63.4% (cutoff: 1.245). Conclusion: LC gradually decreases as intestinal strictures aggravated and could be a new marker for predicting intestinal strictures in CD patients.
Prevalence and Trends of Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Adults: Data of the National Health and Nutrition Surveys 2006 and 2016
Authors: Campos-Nonato Ismael , Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A , Mendoza-Herrera Kenny , Andrea Pedroza-Tobías , Rojas Rosalba , Barquera Simón
Published: September 2020

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetSx) is a group of risk factors interconnected with cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, major morbidity and mortality causes globally and in Mexico. More than a thousand million individuals in the world were found with MetSx in 2018, and the last national investigation in Mexico on this condition carried out in 2006 registered a prevalence of 49.8% in adults. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of MetSx in Mexican adults, the degree of association with risk factors, and its trends in the period 2006 to 2016. Methods: We gathered and analyzed sociodemographic, clinical, dietary, and physical activity data from 8,626 adults aged ≥20 years who participated in the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey Mid-way 2016 (ENSANUT MC-2016). To define MetSx, we used the harmonized diagnosis criteria as the main instrument. Other classification systems were also used to complement our analysis. To identify the prevalence trends of MetSx, we compared information of ENSANUT-2006 with that of ENSANUT-2016.Results: The prevalence of MetSx in Mexican adults was of 60.5% (57.9% in men and 63.2% in women). The proportion of subjects with a least one MetSx component was of 95.3% and with at least two components was of 21.3%. The most frequent combination of three MetSx components was the cluster of abdominal obesity, low HDL-cholesterol, and hypertriglyceridemia (16%). In comparison with the MetSx prevalence reported in ENSANUT-2006, the prevalence of this condition in ENSANUT-2016 increased 15.3%.Conclusions: A high prevalence of MetSx was registered in Mexico in 2016, and an increased trend of this condition during the period 2006 to 2016 was observed. This study shows the necessity to improve prevention and diagnosis programs for MetSx and its components, as well as the need to adopt a healthy lifestyle in the highest risk population in order to achieve corrections and reductions in associated susceptible risk factors.
Publics’ Malaria Knowledge, Prevention and Treatment Practices, A Cross-sectional Survey From Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: Sulaiman Syed , Elhag Elkhanssa Abdelhameed
Published: September 2020

Background: Malaria is one of the major health problems in Sudan with high prevalence among children under five years age and pregnant women. Effective control of the disease needs contribution of the community, health authorities as well as political commitment. This research was conducted to assess the public’s knowledge, and practice regarding malaria prevention and treatment.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among publics in Khartoum State. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Publics were assessed for their knowledge about malaria symptoms and complications, knowledge and utilization of prevention methods and drugs knowledge and treatment behaviors.Results: About 457 of the public participated in the survey. Despite that the publics showed good knowledge regarding malaria symptoms, complications and drugs knowledge, self-treatment practices were there. Noncompliance to treatment in form of stopping treatment upon symptoms relieve and upon developing adverse drug reactions was also reported. Underuse of prevention methods was reported.Conclusions: Inappropriate treatment and prevention practices among the community could be an obstacle in the way of malaria elimination in Sudan. More efforts towards involvement of the community in malaria control through community education are needed.
The Positive Feedback Loop Between RLIP76 and HIF-1α Promotes Glycolysis and Tumorigenesis in Glioma Cells Under Hypoxic Conditions
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhang Chi , Zhang Lei , Chen Huairui , Qian Jun , Bai Qingke , Luo Chun
Published: September 2020

BackgroundHypoxia is intimately associated with increased glycolysis in gliomas, and HIF-1α plays a critical role in this process. Here, we aim to show that RLIP76 is a novel target of HIF-1α and is involved in hypoxia-enhanced glycolysis in glioma cells. MethodsThe human glioma cell lines U87 and U251 were used to explore the interactions of RLIP76-HIF-1α and RLIP76-VHL using Western blot, a Biotin pull-down assay, Immunoprecipitation, and a Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay under hypoxia. U251 cells pretreated with hypoxia were used for tumor xenografts. ResultsRLIP76 is a novel target of HIF-1α and contributes to hypoxia-enhanced glycolysis in glioma cells. HIF-1α-induced RLIP76 can critically regulate the stability of HIF-1α by alleviating VHL-mediated HIF-1α ubiquitination under hypoxia. RLIP76 interacts with HIF-1α and VHL through an RLIP76 GAP-dependent mechanism. The GAP function of RLIP76 regulates its complex formation because of the dependence of RLIP76 GAP on interactions between RLIP76 and these proteins. RLIP76 knockdown results in decreased U251 cell growth after hypoxia pretreatment in vivo. ConclusionsThis study reveals a positive feedback loop between HIF-1α and RLIP76, suggesting that RLIP76 may undergo a complex series of GAP-dependent interactions with HIF-1α and VHL to protect HIF-1α from degradation while promoting glycolysis under hypoxic conditions. We indicate that RLIP76 is crucial for the regulation of hypoxia-enhanced glycolysis and may provide a new gene therapy approach for glioma patients.
Control of the macroscopic shape of assemblies formed from microparticles based on host–guest interaction
Authors: Itami Takahiro , Hashidzume Akihito , Kamon Yuri , Yamaguchi Hiroyasu , Harada Akira
Published: September 2020

Biological macroscopic assemblies have inspired researchers to utilize molecular recognition to develop smart materials in these decades. Recently, macroscopic self-assemblies based on molecular recognition have been realized using millimeter-scale hydrogel pieces possessing molecular recognition moieties. During the study on macroscopic self-assembly based on molecular recognition, we noticed that the shape of assemblies might be dependent on the host–guest pair. In this study, we were thus motivated to study the macroscopic shape of assemblies formed through host–guest interaction. We modified crosslinked poly(sodium acrylate) microparticles, i.e., superabsorbent polymer (SAP) microparticles, with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and adamantyl (Ad) residues (βCD(x)-SAP and Ad(y)-SAP microparticles, respectively, where x and y denote the mol % contents of βCD and Ad residues). Then, we studied the self-assembly behavior of βCD(x)-SAP and Ad(y)-SAP microparticles through the complexation of βCD with Ad residues. There was a threshold of the βCD content in βCD(x)-SAP microparticles for assembly formation between x = 22.3 and 26.7. On the other hand, the shape of assemblies was dependent on the Ad content, y; More elongated assemblies were formed at a higher y. This may be because, at a higher y, small clusters formed in an early stage can stick together even upon collisions at a single contact point to form elongated aggregates, whereas, at a smaller y, small clusters stick together only upon collisions at multiple contact points to give rather circular assemblies. On the basis of these observations, the shape of assembly formed from microparticles can be controlled by varying y.
Thermal stress involved in TRPV2 promotes tumorigenesis through the pathway of PI3K/Akt/mTOR in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Huang Rongqi , Li Shuai , Tian Chao , Zhou Peng , Zhao Huifang , Xie Wei , Xiao Jie , Lin Zuoxian , He Lang , Han Xiaobo , Cheng Na , Tang Feng , Yang Yuchen , Huang Hualin , Li Zhiyuan
Published: September 2020

BackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Although the exposure of esophageal mucosa to heat stimuli has long been recognized as an important risk for the initiation and development of ESCC, its underlying mechanisms remain uncharacterized. MethodsWestern blotting and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression and localization of transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 2 (TRPV2) in the ESCC cells. The cancerous behaviors of the ESCC cells were evaluated by a single-cell culturing assay, a wound healing assay, a 3D culturing assay and a tube formation assay respectively. In vivo tumorigenicity and metastasis of the ESCC cells were examined via xenograft nude mouse models. Western blotting and IHC were performed to determine the expression profiles of TRPV2 in the ESCC patient tissues. TRPV2 knocked-out ESCC cell line was established using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technique.ResultsHere, we found that the expression of TRPV2, one of the thermally sensitive TRP family members, was upregulated in both ESCC cells and clinical samples. We further showed that activation of TRPV2 by recurrent acute thermal stress (54°C, a temperature unexpectedly much lower than those in many dietary modalities) or O1821 (20 μM), a TRPV2 agonist, promoted cancerous behaviors in ESCC cells. The proangiogenic capacity of the heat-challenged ESCC cells was also found to be enhanced profoundly in the tube formation assay; both tumor formation and metastasis that originated from the cells were substantially promoted in nude mouse models upon the activation of TRPV2. These effects were inhibited significantly by tranilast (120 μM), a TRPV2 inhibitor, and abolished by TRPV2 knock-out using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. Conversely, overexpression of TRPV2 by transfection of TRPV2 DNA into NE2 cells, could switch the cells to tumorigenesis upon activation of TRPV2. Mechanistically, the driving role of TRPV2 in the progression of ESCC is mainly regulated by the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Application of a pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor and/or a PTEN activator resulted in markedly reduced ESCC cell proliferation. Conclusions﻿Our study first proved that TRPV2 plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of ESCC upon thermal stress. We revealed that TRPV2-PI3K/Akt/mTOR is a novel and promising target for the prevention and treatment of ESCC.
Crosslinkable poloxamer in-situ gel as a submucosal cushion for endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Gao Yuan , Huang Chao , Chen Jiyuan , Tai Zongguang , Li Yan , Gao Shen , Wan Xinjian
Published: September 2020

Background: Hypertonic saline solution is used for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) as a submucosal fluid cushion (SFC). However, the application of SFC is limited by challenges including a short effect duration as well as increased risk of perforation and bleeding.Methods: An in-situ gel crosslinked acrylate/thiol Poloxamer 407 (PA-PSH) can be used as a novel SFC for ESD to avoid perforation, and the feasibility and safety of the PA-PSH for ESD was evaluated in vitro and in vivo .Results: PA-PSH thermal injection led to a longer-lasting elevation with clearer margins as compared with glycerol, with a high mucosal elevation induced by thiol-ene reaction in physiological conditions between acrylate Poloxamer 407 (PA) and thiol-capped Poloxamer 407 (PSH). Precise ESD along the margins of the elevated mucosa was achieved without obvious adverse effects such as bleeding, perforation and tissue damage.Conclusion: The PA-PSH in-situ gel provides an excellent submucosal injection system, which has great potential to improve the ESD technique.
The Potential Influence of Absence of Blinding Method: Secondary Analysis From Randomized Controlled Trials Concerned Acupuncture for Depression
Authors: Wang Rui-Ting , Cui Ling-Jun , Liu Jian-Ping , Han Mei , Fei Yu-Tong , Cao Huijuan
Published: September 2020

Background To evaluate the possibility and impact of performance and detection bias in randomized controlled trials due to lack of the blinding method. MethodsTrials assessing acupuncture for depression published by March 2020 were searched from China National Knowledge Infrastructure database. Through matching, we reassembled the trials of comparing experimental acupuncture and control acupuncture. Meta-analysis with post-treatment HAMD (Hamilton Depression Scale) of the newly reassembled trials was conducted. Changes of HAMD of all included groups were also analyzed, the between groups difference was then analyzed by t-test. All statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3 software. ResultsThirteen pairs of studies were matched from 63 included trials. Re-analysis from the paired studies showed obvious difference of HAMD scales between the experimental and control acupuncture (Mean Difference was -2.95 for HAMD-17, -5.55 for HAMD-24). Re-analysis from all the included groups also showed the statistical difference between groups at four weeks of HAMD-17 (P=0.01), and four/six weeks of HAMD-24 (P<0.01).Conclusion Effectiveness of acupuncture for decreasing the severity of depression was superior in trials that considered acupuncture as experimental treatment, showing performance and detection bias caused by the absence of blinding method is of great significance in acupuncture trials.
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Dolutegravir Plus Lamivudine as a Switch Strategy in Treatment-experienced HIV-infected Patients
Authors: Hua Wei , Wang Sen , Su Bin , Wang Wenxin , Liu An , Li Zaicun , Zhang Tong , Shao Ying , Ye Jiangzhu , Li Jianwei , Dai Lili , Sun Lijun
Published: September 2020

Background: Dual therapy containing dolutegravir (DTG) plus lamivudine (3TC) is a reasonable alternative antiretroviral therapy (ART) option in treatment-experienced patients, which could prevent long-term toxicity and reduce treatment cost. But so far, the effectiveness as safety data of this two-drug regimen is still limited. Methods: This observational study included treatment-experienced HIV-infected patients who switched to a dual regimen containing DTG (50mg/QD) plus 3TC (300mg/QD). Efficacy (HIV RNA <50 copies/mL), safety, and metabolic changes based on laboratory and clinical findings at 48 weeks were analyzed.Results: A total of 33 patients were included, who switched for the following reasons: treatment failure in 5 /33patients (15.2%), simplification in 10 patients (30.3%), and drug toxicity in 18 patients (54.5%). The patients were treated with ART for a median of 2.1 years (interquartile range = 1.0-4.2) before drug switching, and 28/33(84.8%) patients were virologically suppressed at baseline. After switching to DTG plus 3TC, all 33 patients (100%) showed HIV RNA <50 copies/mL after 48 weeks, and the CD4+ cell count was significantly increased (+82 cell/mm3, p=0.0071). We observed a significant increase in LDL-C (+0.77mg/dL, p<0.0001) after switch, however, triglycerides (-0.6mg/dL, p=0.0179) and cholesterol/HDL-C ratio (-0.327, p=0.0366) were found significantly decreased. A significant decrease in eGFR was also observed (-17.8 ml/min, p=0.0047). No patient discontinued due to adverse events.Conclusions: The use of dual therapy containing DTG and 3TC is effective and well-tolerated in treatment-experienced patients under any prior ART, without significant adverse drug reaction.
Internal checkpoint regulates T cell neoantigen reactivity and susceptibility to PD1 blockade
Authors: Palmer Douglas , Webber Beau , Patel Yogin , Johnson Matthew , Kariya Christine , Lahr Walker , Parkhurst Maria , Gartner Jared , Prickett Todd , Lowery Frank , Kishton Rigel , Gurusamy Devikala , Franco Zulmarie , Vodnala Suman , Diers Miechaleen , Wolf Natalie , Slipek Nicholas , McKenna David , Sumstad Darin , Viney Lydia , Henley Tom , Bürckstümmer Tilmann , Baker Oliver , Hu Ying , Yan Chunhua , Meerzaman Daoud , Padhan Kartik , Moriarity Branden , Lo Winifred , Malekzadeh Parisa , Jia Li , Deniger Drew , Patel Shashank , Robbins Paul , McIvor R. Scott , Choudhry Modassir , Restifo Nicholas , Rosenberg Steven
Published: September 2020

While neoantigen-specific tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) can be derived from in antigen-expressing tumors, their adoptive transfer fails to consistently elicit durable tumor regression. There has been much focus on the role of activation/exhaustion markers such as PD1, CD39 and TOX in TIL senescence. We found these markers were inversely expressed to Cytokine-Induced SH2 protein (CISH), a negative regulator of TCR signaling and tumor immunity in mice. To evaluate the physiological role of CISH in human TIL we developed a high-efficiency CRIPSR-based method to knock out CISH in fully mature TIL. CISH KO resulted in increased T cell receptor (TCR) avidity, tumor cytolysis and neoantigen recognition. CISH expression in the tumor resections correlated with TIL inactivity against p53 hotspot mutations and CISH KO in TIL unmasked reactivity against these universal neoantigens. While CISH KO resulted in T cell hyperactivation and expansion it did not alter maturation, perhaps by preferential PLCγ-1 and not AKT inhibition. Lastly, CISH KO in T cells increased PD1 expression and the adoptive transfer of Cish KO T cells synergistically combines with PD1 antibody blockade resulting in durable tumor regression and survival in a preclinical animal model. These data offer new insights into the regulation of neoantigen recognition, expression of activation/exhaustion markers, and functional/maturation signals in tumor-specific T cells.
Abdominopelvic leiomyoma with large ascites: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Yiwei , Fan Qiong , Qian Zhaoxia , Wang Jinjin , Li Yuhong , Wang Yudong
Published: September 2020

BackgroundLeiomyoma of the uterus is relatively common, but uterine leiomyoma of the greater omentum is rare. Case presentationHere, we report a case of a 22-year-old woman who presented with a 3-month history of progressive abdominal distension and a hypervascular abdominopelvic mass. Due to a high serum concentration of CA125, the preoperative diagnosis was unclear. During surgery, 5 L of ascites was removed. An 18.8-cm solid mass, which was pedunculated from the uterine fundus and exhibited complex adhesion to the greater omentum, was removed. The CA125 level was reduced postoperatively, and a pathologic study confirmed that the mass was a leiomyoma that originated in the uterus.ConclusionUterine leiomyoma can share vessels with the greater omentum. This case highlights the difficulty of diagnosing pseudo-Meigs syndrome and the importance of imaging and laboratory examinations.
A Combination of UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MSn Research, Network Analysis and Experimental Verification Used to Explore the Mechanism of Yangyin Yiqi Huoxue Recipe in Treating Sjogren’s Syndrome
Authors: Lu Wen-Wen , Fu Tian-Xiao , Wu Fang-Ping , Xiong Fu-lin , Li Tian-Yi , Wu Guo-lin
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To explore the main active ingredients and mechanism of Yangyin Yiqi Huoxue (YYYQHX) Recipe in treating Sjogren’s syndrome.Methods: The main active ingredients of Yangyin Yiqi Huoxue(YYYQHX) Recipe were obtained through UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MSn research technical analysis. Subsequently, the main active ingredients were analyzed by network pharmacology to explore their important targets and biological processes. Finally, the important target M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (CHRM3) gene was verified by cytological experiments.Results: We identified 41 active ingredients in the YYYQHX Recipe, and identified 26 potential targets through network pharmacology methods. According to the network analysis and literature research, CHRM3 is one of the main targets of YYYQHX in the treatment of Sjogren’s syndrome. We observed the effect of YYYQHX on the CHRM3 and aquaporin 5(AQP5) genes using cytological experiments. The results showed that YYYQHX significantly increased the expression of CHRM3 and AQP5 in submandibular gland cells. This may be the mechanism of YYYQHX Recipe in improving symptoms such as dry mouth in Sjogren’s syndrome.Conclusions: This study provides a strategy for understanding the mechanism of action of YYYQHX in treating Sjogren’s syndrome by combining UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS research, network pharmacology, and experimental validation.
Artificial intelligence in lung cancer screening: assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of the algorithm analyzing low-dose computed tomography
Authors: Morozov S. P. , Vladzimirskiy A. V. , Gombolevskiy V. A. , Klyashtorny V. G. , Fedulova I. A. , Vlasenkov L. A.
Published: September 2020

The diagnostic accuracy of the artificial intelligence algorithm aimed to detect lesions on low-dose computer tomograms has been independently assessed. The dataset formed as part of the lung cancer screening program in Moscow was used. The following indicators have been defined: sensitivity – 0.817%, specificity – 0.925%, accuracy – 0.860%, area under the characteristic curve – 0.930. High accuracy rates demonstrated through the independent assessment indicate a good reproducibility of the results by artificial intelligence using independent data about the population of Moscow
Echo-sonographic semiotics of abdominal tuberculosis
Authors: Plotkin D. V. , Loshkareva E. O. , Kirillova O. V. , Reshetnikov M. N. , Sinitsyn M. V. , Chauzov A. Yu.
Published: September 2020

The objective of the study: to clarify the echo-sonographic semiotics of abdominal tuberculosis.

Subjects and methods. 107 patients at the age from 22 to 58 years old had a sonographic examination and underwent the consequent surgery due to suspected abdominal tuberculosis. 92/107 (85.9%) patients had pulmonary tuberculosis of different severity; 73.9% (68/107) patients pulmonary tuberculosis with concurrent HIV infection.

Results: all patients had ultrasound examinations due to pain abdominal syndrome or clinical signs of ascites. The following echo signs were visualized in patients: enlargement and changes in the structure of intra-abdominal lymph nodes (in 58 patients), changes in the intestinal wall (in 19 patients), heterogeneity of serous membranes and free fluid in the abdominal cavity (in 81 patients). In the absolute majority of patients, there was a combination of those echo signs. Among 107 patients with suspected abdominal tuberculosis, this diagnosis was confirmed in 44 (41.1%), while in 63 (58.9%) patients, non-tuberculosis abdominal lesions were detected: 11 – mycobacteriosis, 5 – lymphopropoliferative disease (lymphoma), and 1 – metastatic lesion of lymph nodes (adenocarcinoma), 3 – colorectal cancer (adenocarcinoma) and in 1 (5.3%) – granulomatous colitis (Crohn disease), 4 – peritoneal carcinomatosis, 1– peritoneal sarcoidosis, 1– peritoneal mycobacteriosis (MAC-infection), in 36 patients – free fluid in the abdominal cavity corresponded to secondary peritonitis caused by perforated tuberculosis bowel ulcers or non-specific ascites against the background of hypoproteinemia or drug-induced hepatitis.
A clinical case of bronchoscopic detection and removal of a foreign body from the upper lobar bronchus on the right mimicking lung cancer
Authors: Telegina L. V. , Pirogov S. S. , Tazabaev T. I.-A. , Khoronenko V. E. , Vodoleev A. S. , Karpova E. S.
Published: September 2020

Foreign bodies in the respiratory tract are rare in adults. Clinical manifestations include hemoptysis among other signs which requires the examination to detect tuberculosis and lung cancer. The article describes a clinical case that demonstrates the possibilities of endoscopic diagnostics and treatment in the patient with an X-ray negative foreign body (a cigarette filter) that has been in the lumen of the upper lobar bronchus of the right lung for a long time which caused inflammation in the blocked lobe and mimicking endoscopically central lung cancer.
Tourmaline composition and boron isotope signature as a tracer of magmatic-hydrothermal processes
Authors: Qiu Kun-Feng , Yu Hao-Cheng , Hetherington Callum , Huang Ya-Qi , Yang Tao , Deng Jun
Published: September 2020

This study presents a petrogeochemical and boron isotope study on tourmaline from the barren Damai, and the contemporaneous but ore-bearing Dewulu and Meiwu intrusions, to better understand the origins, sources, and fluid evolution of magmatic-hydrothermal ore systems and provide ore formation implications for gold, copper, and iron deposits in the Xiahe-Hezuo polymetallic district in the West Qinling, China. Tourmaline from all three intrusions shows similar compositions and encompasses Na-Fe schorl and Na-Mg dravite. Tourmaline at Dewulu is primarily found in tuffaceous breccias and a quartz diorite porphyry. In the tuffaceous breccia body, tourmaline occurs as fine-grained anhedral masses that fill voids and cement fragments of breccia and sickle quartz. Tourmalines in breccia are texturally similar to those formed in typical breccia pipes, which are attributed to explosion or collapse induced by a transition from magmatic to hydrothermal Si- and B-rich fluids. They display element substitutions controlled by Fe2+Mg–1, indicating a reduced environment. Values of δ11B are –6.6 to –4.0‰, representing the primary magmatic-hydrothermal fluids. Tourmaline from the Dewulu quartz diorite porphyry is coarse-grained, euhedral, and found in quartz-sulfide veins. The tourmaline displays oscillatory zoning textures but lacks correlative variations of major elements. The Fe2+Mg–1 and Fe3+Al–1 substitution mechanisms are dominant, demonstrating more oxidized fluids. The δ11B values in the cores, ranging from –7.1 to –5.6‰, suggest that the tourmalines in the quartz veins were inherited from magmatic-hydrothermal fluids that precipitated the fine-grained tourmaline in the tuffaceous breccia body. A large δ11B isotopic fractionation that decreases from cores (–5.6‰) to rims (–10.7‰) indicates significant fractionation during degassing occurred, increasing oxygen fugacity of the residual liquid. The Meiwu locality hosts fine-grained euhedral tourmalines coexisting with magnetite. Their composition is controlled by substitution between Al3+ by Fe3+ and has the lightest δ11B values ranging from –11.4 to –10.0‰. They are interpreted to result from skarn formation under oxidized conditions. In contrast, X☐Al(NaMg)–1 is the dominant substitution mechanism for Damai tourmalines and attributed to (geochemically) reduced fluids with a low salinity. We conclude that tourmalines with low Fe values, substitution mechanisms dominated by Fe3+Al–1, and large shifts of B isotopic composition are potentially an ore-forming indicator in the Xiahe-Hezuo polymetallic district.