bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Domain and Emerging Trends in Internet-based diagnosis and treatment services：A Scientometric Review Based on CiteSpace V Analysis
Authors: Sheng Mengfei , Zhou Jiangping , Song BaoXiang , Wang Enjun
Published: July 2022

Background
In the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic, internet-based diagnosis and treatment services are a promising technology that can be used effectively in health care.
Objective
The goal of this study was to examine the research state and show the hotspots and frontiers of Internet-based diagnosis and therapy using CiteSpace V.
Methods
From 2001 to 2020, we searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for papers on Internet-based diagnosis and therapy. CiteSpace V was used to produce network maps of author, country, and institution collaborations, revealing hotspots and frontiers of Internet-based diagnosis and treatment.
Results
The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) yielded a total of 1067 studies linked to Internet-based diagnosis and therapy. The most prolific author was Gerhard Andersson (16 articles). The United States and Karolinska Institutet were the leading nations and institutions in this discipline, with 590 and 57 publications, respectively. There was active collaboration among the writers, nations, and institutions. Hot subjects included artificial intelligence, health-related quality, and breast cancer.
Conclusions
Based on the findings of CiteSpace V, the present study encourages active collaboration among authors, nations, and institutions. Major continuing research themes include cancer diagnosis and treatment based on artificial intelligence or Internet emphasis, as well as the interplay between Internet-based diagnostic and treatment services and health-related quality.
EDLMPPI: Learning the Protein Language of Proteome-wide Protein-protein Binding Sites via Explainable Ensemble Deep Learning
Authors: Li Xiangtao , Hou Zilong , Yang Yuning , Ma Zhiqiang , Wong Ka-Chun
Published: July 2022

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) govern cellular pathways and processes, by significantly influencing the functional expression of proteins. Therefore, accurate identification of protein-protein interaction binding sites has become a key step in the functional analysis of proteins. We develop an ensemble deep learning model (EDLMPPI)-based protein-protein interaction site identification method. In particular, we propose to apply a transformer structure-based dynamic word embedding model (ProtT5) to extract potential associations between protein primary structures, capturing their functional and structural properties from readily available sequence data alone. After that, EDLMPPI is based on BiLSTM in order to sufficiently learn the contextual associations between features and to preserve the contextual information through a capsule network to further improve the generalization performance. To address the unbalanced dataset, we employ ensemble learning to train multiple models and then integrate them to further enhance the performance of the algorithm. Evaluation results show that EDLMPPI can achieve the best results on all datasets. Meanwhile, we compared EDLMPPI with other PPI site prediction models and observed that EDLMPPI outperformed the state-of-the-art models by nearly 10% in terms of average accuracy. In addition, the biological and interpretable analyses provide new insights into proteins binding site identification and characterization mechanisms from different perspectives.
Determination of ciprofloxacin using the Ziziphus mauritania derived fluorescent carbon dots based optical sensor
Authors: Chaudhry Navneet , Verma Damini , Yadav Amit K , Sharma Jai Gopal , Solanki Pratima
Published: July 2022

The rapid determination and sensitive monitoring of antibiotics residues are critical challenges and highly essential for the protection of human and environment. Hence, in the present work, facile green synthesis of fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CDs) has been done using one step hydrothermal treatment of fruit exact of Ziziphus mauritiana for the first time, acting as natural source of carbon for optical determination of ciprofloxacin (CIP). These prepared CDs was used to selectively detect CIP, exhibiting high quantum yield of 30% at excitation wavelength of 340 nm. After the optimal parameters, the sensor gave the linear detection range from 20 to 100 µM along with limit of detection of 9.20 µM. The current work depicts the potential to effectively and rapidly determine other forthcoming environmental pollutants.
Zr isotopes reveal long storage timescales of Archean magmas
Authors: Li Zhen-Xin , Zhang Shao-Bing , Zheng Yong-Fei , Antonelli Michael , Zhang Wen , Zhang Liang , Sun Fang-Yuan , Liang Ting
Published: July 2022

The storage timescales and thermal states of magma during the Archean are important factors affecting the growth and evolution of the continental crust. However, few reliable estimates exist for these parameters in ancient magmatic systems. Here, we constrain Archean magma storage timescales by using in-situ Zr isotope (δ94Zr) measurements in zircon (3.4 to 2.5 Ga) paired with disequilibrium crystal growth models. Our calculations suggest that fractional crystallization of zircon at isotopic equilibrium leads to small δ94Zr variations (< 0.4‰), indicating that the observed variations (-0.6 to + 0.4‰) are likely caused by disequilibrium crystal growth. The extents of isotopic disequilibrium require zircon growth rates of 0.0007–0.0415 µm/yr, which in turn yield (minimum) magma storage timescales of 5-193 kyr. Combined with evidence for zircon crystallization at high temperatures (730–910 ℃), these long timescales imply protracted periods of “warm storage” for Archean magmas, in stark contrast with predominantly shorter “cold storage” conditions observed in modern systems. Our results serve as independent evidence for higher geothermal gradients throughout the Archean, and the unique magmatic systems have cascading implications for the growth/emergence of continental crust, volcanic activity, and evolution of the Archean atmosphere.
A chromosome-scale genome sequence of sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense) highlights the genome evolution and regulation of dhurrin biosynthesis
Authors: Li Jieqin , Wang Lihua , Bible Paul W. , Tu Wenmiao , Zheng Jian , Jin Peng , Liu Yanlong , Du Junli , Zheng Jiacheng , Wang Yi-Hong , Zhan Qiuwen
Published: July 2022

Sudangrass [ Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf] is a hybrid between grain sorghum and its wild relative S. bicolor ssp. verticilliflorum and is grown as a forage crop due to its high biomass production and low dhurrin content compared to sorghum. In this study, we sequenced the sudangrass genome and showed that the assembled genome was 715.95 Mb with 35,243 protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic analysis with whole genome proteomes demonstrated that the sudangrass genome was more similar to US commercial sorghums than to its wild relatives and cultivated sorghums from Africa. We confirmed that at seedling stage, sudangrass accessions contained significantly lower dhurrin as measured by hydrocyanic acid potential (HCN-p) than cultivated sorghum accessions. Genome-wide association study identified a QTL most tightly associated with HCN-p and the linked SNPs were located in the 3’ UTR of Sobic.001G012300 which encodes CYP79A1, the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of dhurrin biosynthesis. As in other grasses such as maize and rice, we also found that copia/gypsy long terminal repeat retrotransposons were more abundant in cultivated than in wild sorghums, implying that crop domestication in the grasses was accompanied by increased copia/gypsy LTR retrotransposon insertions in the genomes.
Determination of Optimum Height/Width Ratios of Slender Buildings on Different Soils Against Overturning During Earthquakes
Authors: KALAYLI MEHMET ALİ , DOĞAN ORHAN , ÖZTÜRK BAKİ , YÖRÜBULUT SERAP , KOÇ HALE NUREFŞAN
Published: July 2022

In many parts of the world, it has been observed that many narrow-fronted and high (slender) buildings overturn in one piece without any structural damage during earthquakes. The reason for this overturning is the increase in relative story displacements and second-order moments due to the rotation of foundation which is known as differential settlement that will occur at the base of the building as a result of exceeding the soil bearing capacity and elastic bearing coefficient depending on the earthquake load. In this study, a reference building with the smallest H/B ratio of 1.80 among the buildings overturned in the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake in the Adapazarı city center was modeled together with the soil using the ETABS 18.1.1 program. The linear analysis of the building was carried out according to the finite element method for 20 different soils and earthquake zones, with the approach that the ground does not resist tension. In order to stay on the safe side, considering the peak displacements for the H/B ratio of 1.50, the H/B ratios against overturning depending on the K of the soil and the PGA of the earthquake were determined with 99% regression for 20 different conditions, and a reasonable linear correlation was also obtained.
Mobilization of Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells is Regulated by PTH1R Activation in Bone Marrow Stromal Cells
Authors: Park Serk In , Lee Kyoung Jin , Lee Eun Jung , Jung Seungpil , Park Kyong Hwa
Published: July 2022

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) originate in the bone marrow and suppress anti-tumoral T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Contrary to the critical functions and regulation in the TME, mechanism of MDSC mobilization from the bone marrow remains unclear. We have previously reported that tumor-derived parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) levels correlate with MDSC. Because PTHrP is a potent osteoblast-stimulating factor, we hypothesized that PTHrP regulates MDSC in the bone marrow via osteoblasts. Continuous infusion of PTHrP (amino acids 1–34, a receptor-binding fragment) in mice increased monocytic subtype MDSC (M-MDSC), but not granulocytic MDSC (G-MDSC) in the circulation. M-MDSC was mobilized by PTHrP(1–34) or PTH(1–34), both functional ligands of PTH1R, but not by hematopoietic mobilizing agents, AMD-3100 or GM-CSF, suggesting that activation of osteoblasts is essential to M-MDSC mobilization. Subsequently, our in vitro cell binding assays demonstrated that α4β1 integrin and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, expressed on M-MDSC and osteoblasts, respectively, are key to M-MDSC binding to osteoblasts. Neutralizing antibodies to VCAM-1 or β1 integrin suppressed M-MDSC binding to osteoblasts. PTH1R activation increased VEGF-A and interleukin-6 expression in osteoblast, leading to activation of Src family kinase in M-MDSCs. Indeed, Src inhibitors suppressed PTHrP-induced MDSC release in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, activation of Src in M-MDSC increased expression of two proteases, ADAM-17 and MMP7, leading to VCAM-1 shedding and subsequent disruption of M-MDSC tethering to osteoblasts. Collectively, tumor-derived PTHrP stimulates osteoblasts via PTH1R, leading to cytokine expression in osteoblasts and Src-dependent expression of ADAM-17 and MMP-7, leading to M-MDSC mobilization.
The incidence and risk factors of meconium amniotic fluid in singleton pregnancies: An experience of a tertiary hospital in Iran
Authors: Shekari Mitra , Jahromi Malihe Shirzadfard , Ranjbar Amene , Mehrnoush Vahid , Darsareh Fatemeh , Roozbeh Nsibeh
Published: July 2022

Background: Several common maternal or neonatal risk factors have been linked to MAF development; however, the results were contradictory, depending on the study. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of MAF in singleton pregnancies.Methods: We retrospectively assessed singleton pregnant mothers who gave birth at Khaleej-e-Fars Hospital (a tertiary hospital) in Bandar Abbas, Iran, between January 1st, 2020, and January 1st, 2022. Mothers were divided into two groups: 1) those diagnosed with meconium amniotic fluid and 2) those diagnosed with clear amniotic fluid. Mothers with bloody amniotic fluid were excluded. Demographic factors (age, educational level, residency place, medical insurance, access to prenatal care facilities, smoking status), obstetrical factors (gestational age, parity, newborn sex, oligohydramnios, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), abnormal placentation, placenta abruption, chorioamnionitis, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and intrauterine fetal death (IUFD)) and maternal comorbidities (overt diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, cardiovascular disease, thyroid dysfunction, drug addiction, hepatitis, anemia, infertility, and COVID-19 at the time of admission) were extracted from electronic data of each mother. The Chi-square test was used to compare differences between the groups for categorical variables. Logistic regression models were used to assess meconium amniotic fluid risk factors.Results: Of 8888 singleton deliveries during the study period, 1085 (12.2%) were MAF. MAF was more common in adolescents, mothers with post-term pregnancy, and primiparous mothers, and it was less common in mothers with GDM and overt diabetes. The odds of having MAF in adolescents were three times more than mothers of 20-34 years old (aOR: 3.07, 95%CI: 1.87–4.98). Likewise, the odds of the presence of MAF in mothers with post-date pregnancy (40+1-41 weeks) were (aOR: 5.12, 95%CI: 2.76–8.94), and mothers with post-term pregnancy (more than 41 weeks) were (aOR: 7.09, 95%CI: 3.92–9.80). Primiparous women were also more likely than multiparous mothers to have MAF (aOR: 3.41, 95%CI: 2.11–4.99).Conclusions: Adolescents, primiparous mothers, and mothers with post-term pregnancies had a higher risk of MAF. Maternal comorbidities resulting in early termination of pregnancy can reduce the incidence of MAF.
Therapeutic efficacy of dose-reduced adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 in patients with pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuki , Einama Takahiro , Takihata Yasuhiro , Yonamine Naoto , Fujinuma Ibuki , Tsunenari Takazumi , Kouzu Keita , Nakazawa Akiko , Iwasaki Toshimitsu , Ueno Hideki , Kishi Yoji
Published: July 2022

BackgroundS-1 adjuvant chemotherapy is the standard treatment for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The relative dose intensity of adjuvant chemotherapy influences survival in pancreatic cancer, but does not precisely reflect treatment schedule modifications. We investigated the effects of total dose intensity of S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy on the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer and the permissible dose reduction.MethodsWe enrolled patients who underwent surgical resection between 2011 and 2019 for pancreatic cancer. We determined the total dose intensity cut-off value that predicted tumor recurrence within 2 years post-operatively using receiver operating characteristic curves, and compared the outcomes between the high and low total dose intensity groups.ResultsPatients with a total dose intensity ≥62.5% (n = 53) showed significantly better overall survival than those with a total dose intensity <62.5% (n = 16) (median survival time: 53.3 vs. 20.2 months, P <0.001). The median survival of patients without adjuvant chemotherapy (total dose intensity = 0, n = 28) was 24.8 months. Univariate analysis identified lymphatic involvement (P = 0.035), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.034), and total dose intensity (P <0.001) as significant factors associated with survival. In a multivariate analysis, total dose intensity (P <0.001) was an independent predictor of worse survival.ConclusionsMaintaining a total dose intensity of at least 60% in S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy is important in achieving favorable long-term post-operative survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Alpha-Pinene alleviates motor activity in animal model of Huntington’s disease via enhancing antioxidant capacity
Authors: Rahmani Helia , Moloudi Mohammad	Raman , Hashemi Paria , Hassanzadeh Kambiz , Izadpanah Esmael
Published: July 2022

Huntington's disease is a progressive, neurodegenerative, and inherited disease. Antioxidants have been shown effective in slowing disease progression in animal models of HD and are under investigation in human clinical trials. α-Pinene, a polyphenolic compound of the terpene family, has been shown to exert antioxidant activity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of α-pinene on animal model of HD. Thirty-two male Wistar rats received 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) for induction of the disease model or treated with α-pinene + 3-NP in different groups. Motor skill, and biochemical evaluations to detect oxidant/antioxidant markers in rat cortex and striatum were performed in all groups. We found that α-pinene significantly improved 3-NP-induced changes in the body weight, rotarod activity, time taken to cross the narrow beam, and locomotor activity. Biochemical analysis revealed that α-pinene significantly decreased the 3NP-induced elevation in oxidant markers, nitrite, and malondialdehyde in both cortex and striatum. In addition, α-pinene counteracted the 3NP-induced fall in antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione in the cortex and striatum. In conclusion, we found that α-pinene prevented the motor dysfunction induced by 3-NP in the animal model of Huntington’s disease. Oxidants-antioxidant balance might be involved in the protective effect of α-pinene.
Working from home: Impacts on mental and physical health of Canadian employees during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Somasundram Kumara G. , Hackney Amy , Yung Marcus , Oakman Jodi , Nowrouzi-Kia Behdin , Yazdani Amin
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed various aspects of our lives, including how we work. Since the start of the pandemic, numerous organizations in Canada have mandated their employees to work from home (WFH) on a full-time basis. The rapid rise in the number of remote workers and the possibility for WFH continuing in the future signifies the importance of understanding the impacts of WFH on employee well-being over the course of the pandemic in Canada. We present the findings of two surveys (initial and 6-month follow-up) to investigate the effects of mandatory WFH arrangements on worker health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. We examined the changes in employees’ mental and physical health. Initial survey was completed between October 2020 and December 2020 (n = 1617); follow-up survey was completed between May 2021 and June 2021 (n = 382). Our analyses showed significant changes in various aspects of employee mental and physical health. Burnout, stress, general mental health, and job insecurity levels significantly decreased between the two time periods. Work-related sedentary behaviour reduced over time; however, the average proportion of time spent sitting during work hours was more than 80% in both surveys. Employees received more help and feedback from their colleagues and experienced a better sense of community with their co-workers over time. The findings can inform workers and organizations on the mental and physical health effects of mandatory WFH arrangements. By understanding the impacts of WFH, employers can develop effective strategies and implement policies that help protect workers’ health and well-being.
Industrial Wastewater Source Tracing: The Initiative of SERS Spectral Signature Aided with One-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Huang Yuting , Yuan Bingxue , Wang Xueqing , Dai Yongsheng , Wang Dongmei , Gong Zhengjun , Chen Junmin , Shen Li , Fan Meikun , Li Zhilin
Published: July 2022

Here, the advanced one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) approach was applied to accurately identify the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectral signature of industrial wastewaters for source tracing. The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were prepared as the label-free SERS substrate, and 66,000 SERS spectra were acquired from wastewaters of 22 facilities across 10 industrial categories at three excitation wavelengths after data augmentation. The superiority of SERS spectra in capturing the wastewaters’ characteristics can be intuitively reflected by the principal component analysis (PCA). Moreover, the 1D-CNN model consisting of three convolutional units was built to achieve effective feature extract of SERS spectra. The pre-trained 1D-CNN can distinguish the effluents with a 100% recognition accuracy rate at each excitation wavelength. In comparison, random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM), more common classification techniques, achieve averaged accuracies of 54.08% and 72.39%, respectively. As a proof-of-concept, the multi-mixed wastewater samples were used to simulate the practical pollution scenarios, and the identification accuracy rate of the wastewater tracing model can reach 97.33% at 638 nm. The results suggest that the SERS combined with the 1D-CNN model can achieve rapid classification and accurate identification of industrial wastewaters even in complex environments, exhibiting a significant application potential in pollution source tracing.
Historical regional climate changes in Japan assessed from a long-term 5 km dynamical downscaling of JRA-55
Authors: Kawase Hiroaki , Fukui Shin , Nosaka Masaya , Watanabe Shun-ichi I , Otomo Keishi , Murata Akihiko , Murazaki Kazuyo , Nakaegawa Tosiyuki
Published: July 2022

We investigate historical regional climate changes in Japan from 1959 to 2020, analyzing a high-resolution dynamical downscaling forced by the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55). One-year continuous simulations are conducted by the non-hydrostatic regional climate model (NHRCM) with a land surface model that includes the snow accumulation process, which enables us to evaluate the seasonal variation of snow cover in all of Japan. Our simulation reproduces interannual variations of the annual mean surface air temperature and annual total precipitation, and it shows rapid warming since around 1980. The frequency of daily precipitation exceeding 100 mm/day and annual maximum daily precipitation are also well simulated; both show increasing trends as with the observations. The frequency of hourly precipitation of more than 50 mm/h significantly increased in most regions of Japan after 1981. On the other hand, the annual maximum snow depth and annual maximum daily snowfall show significant decreasing trends at lower elevations on the Japan Sea sides of eastern and western Japan. Areas at higher elevations in eastern Japan show no trend in the maximum snow depth and a significant increasing trend in the maximum daily snowfall. In northern Japan, altitudinal dependencies in snow depth and snowfall changes are smaller on the Japan Sea side than on the Pacific Ocean side: the Japan Sea side shows insignificant changes in snow depth at all elevations, while the Pacific Ocean side shows decreasing and significant increasing trends at lower and higher elevations, respectively. The total number of snow-covered days is decreasing at most elevations in all regions, while the rate of decrease is smaller at higher elevations and latitudes.
Updated Stroke Gene Panels: Rapid evolution of knowledge on monogenic causes of stroke
Authors: Ilinca Andreea , Puschmann Andreas , Putaala Jukka , de Leeuw Frank Erik , Cole John , Kittner Steven , Kristoffersson Ulf , Lindgren Arne G.
Published: July 2022

This article updates our previous Stroke Gene Panels (SGP) from 2017. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man and PubMed were searched. We divided detected genes into two SGP groups, SGP1: genes reported in at least one person with stroke and associated with one or more clinical subgroups: large artery atherosclerotic, large artery non-atherosclerotic (tortuosity, dolichoectasia, aneurysm, non-atherosclerotic dissection or occlusion), cerebral small vessel diseases, cardio-embolic (arrhythmia, heart defect, cardiomyopathy), coagulation dysfunctions (venous thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, bleeding tendency), intracerebral hemorrhage, vascular malformations (cavernoma, arteriovenous malformations) and metabolism disorders; and SGP2: genes related to diseases that may cause stroke. We identified 168 SGP1 genes, 70 of these were validated for clinical practice. We also detected 72 SGP2 genes. Nine genes were removed because of conflicting evidence. The number of genes increased from 168 to 240 during 4.5-years, reflecting a dynamic evolution and the need for regular updates for research and clinical use.
“After all, we are all sick”: Multi-stakeholder understandings of stigma associated with integrated management of HIV, diabetes and hypertension at selected government clinics in Uganda
Authors: Akugizibwe Mathias , Zalwango Flavia , Chaka Moreen Namulundu , Namakoola Ivan , Birungi Josephine , Okebe Joseph , Bachmann Max , Jamie Murdoch , Jaffar Shabbar , Hout Marie Claire Van
Published: July 2022

Background: Integrated care is increasingly used to manage chronic conditions. In Uganda, the integration of HIV, diabetes and hypertension care has been piloted leveraging the well facilitated and established HIV health care provision structures. This qualitative study aimed to investigate the perceptions and experiences of patients, health care providers, clinical researchers, representatives from international NGOs, community members/leaders and policy makers on integrated management of HIV, diabetes and hypertension at selected government clinics in Central Uganda. Methods: We adopted a qualitative-observational design and participants were purposively selected. In-depth interviews were conducted with patients and with health care providers, clinical researchers, policy makers, and representatives from international NGOs. Focus group discussions were conducted with community members and leaders. Clinical procedures in the integrated care clinic were also observed. Data were managed using Nvivo 12 and analyzed thematically.Results: Triangulated findings revealed perceptions of integration reducing the frequency with which patients with comorbidities (HIV, diabetes, hypertension) visited health facilities, reduced the associated treatment costs, increased interpersonal relationships among patients and healthcare providers, and promoted capacity of health care providers to manage multiple chronic conditions. Integration also reduced stigma mainly through creating opportunities for health education, which allayed patient fears and increased their resolve to enroll for and adhere to treatment. Patients also had an opportunity to offer and receive psycho-social support and coupled with the support they received from healthcare workers, this strengthened the patient-patient relationship and provider-patient relationship, one of the building blocks of integration. Although, the integrated model significantly reduced stigma in general, it did not eradicate service level challenges and societal discrimination among HIV patients. Conclusion: The study narratives reveal that, in low resource settings like Uganda, integration of HIV, diabetes and hypertension care has potential to support patient experiences of co-morbid care. Integrated clinics may function as a central stigma mitigation strategy, operating independently of existing clinics and treating a range of conditions including HIV and other STIs.
Supramolecular Photodynamic Agents for Simultaneous Oxidation of NADH and Generation of Superoxide Radical
Authors: Teng Kun-Xu , Niu Li-Ya , Xie Nan , Yang Qing-Zheng
Published: July 2022

Given that Type-I photosensitizers (PSs) have excellent hypoxia tolerance, developing general approaches to prepare Type-I PSs has the potential to advance the progress of photodynamic therapy (PDT), but remains a challenge. In this work, we report a supramolecular strategy for the preparation of Type-I photodynamic agents which simultaneously generate strong oxidizing cationic radicals of PS and superoxide radicals by introducing electron acceptors to the existing Type-II PSs. As a proof-of-concept, three electron acceptors were designed and co-assembled with a classical PS (iodide BODIPY) to produce quadruple hydrogen-bonded supramolecular photodynamic agents. The photo-induced electron transfer from the PS to the adjacent electron acceptor occurs efficiently, leading to the generation of a strong oxidizing PS+• and an anionic radical of the acceptor, which further transfers an electron to oxygen to form O2−•. Impressively, in addition to generating O2−• efficiently, these photodynamic agents induce direct photocatalytic oxidation of 1,4-dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) with a turnover frequency as high as 53.7 min-1 (1~3 orders of magnitude higher than those of conventional transition-metal catalysts), which offers an oxygen-independent mechanism to damage tumors. These photodynamic agents exhibit superior PDT performance even under hypoxic conditions. Distinct solid tumor ablation in vivo was also achieved in tumor treatment of mouse models. This work provides a new strategy and fresh insight on the design and development of Type-I photodynamic agents.
Changes in optical biometry throughout childhood and adolescence for orthokeratology patients
Authors: Mahmoud Ossama , Andrews Chris , Soeken Timothy , Nallasamy Sudha , Nallasamy Nambi
Published: July 2022

Background
Orthokeratology has been shown to supress progressive myopia in some children. We examine the changes in optical biometry parameters in orthokeratology (Ortho-K) patients, in a retrospective longitudinal study at a tertiary eye care center in Ann Arbor, MI USA.
Methods
Optical biometry measurements obtained with the Lenstar LS 900 (Haag-Streit USA Inc, EyeSuite software version i9.1.0.0) were aggregated from 170 patients who had undergone Ortho-K for myopia correction between 5 and 20 years of age. Pre-intervention biometry measurements were compared with follow up measurements done 6–18 months after initiation of Ortho-K. Linear mixed models were used to quantify associations in biometry changes with age of intervention allowing for correlation between measurements on two eyes of the same patient.
Results
A total of 91 patients were included in the study. Axial length increased through the age of 15.7 ± 0.84 years for Ortho-K patients at our center. The growth curve in our Ortho-K population was comparable to previously published normal growth curves in Wuhan and Shandong populations. Corneal thickness and keratometry decreased at a stable rate regardless of age of intervention (-7.9 mm 95% CI [-10.2, -5.7], p < 0.001).
Conclusion
In our population, Ortho-K did not appear to slow axial length progression, despite showing a previously described reduction in corneal thickness. As Ortho-K has been shown to have varying effects that differ from individual to individual, it continues to be important to reassess its effects on new populations to better understand its ideal uses.
Genetic relationships of Arachis (Fabaceae) accessions based on microsatellite markers
Authors: Custódio Adriana Regina , Schmidt Andréa Branco , Moretzsohn Marcio de Carvalho , Valls José Francisco Montenegro
Published: July 2022

The genus Arachis is endemic to South America and contains 83 described species assembled into nine taxonomical sections. The section Arachis is of particular interest because it includes the cultivated peanut (A. hypogaea) and its closely related wild species. The knowledge of the genetic relationships among species and accessions is necessary for a more efficient management of germplasm collections and use of wild species for crop improvement. In this study, we used 26 microsatellite markers to analyze the genetic variability and relationships of some recently collected accessions of species in the Arachis section, with emphasis on the B genome species. The analyses showed a generally high level of intraspecific genetic variability, but usually grouped the accessions according to their genome types and species. However, accessions of some species did not group as expected, and these results suggest the need of further taxonomic revision of a few taxa, especially some accessions of A. gregoryi, A. magna and A. kuhlmannii and the circumscriptions of sections Erectoides and Procumbentes.
The Most Optimal Methods for Acknowledgement of Medical Biases Toward LGBTQIA+ Patients in United States’ Healthcare Facilities
Authors: Pasia Kate Mirielle
Published: July 2022

The United States’ hospitals and healthcare facilities have long questioned the necessity of certain aspects of nondiscrimination interventions to eliminate bias against demographic differences. For healthcare providers today, many workplaces have promoted discussions and inclusion training sessions among the worker community in order to address bias and prejudicial attitudes in workers. This study set out to discover the viability of a video source as an optimal method for bias mitigation, specifically with LGBTQIA+ patients. The Implicit Correlation Test (ICT) measured the level of agreement people felt regarding LGBTQIA+ healthcare. As a result, the results showed the success and reliability of the video To Treat Me, You Have to Know Who I Am, to foster an alteration in perspective regarding the treatment of LGBTQIA+ patients (1). However, more research is necessary to compare the success of the implementation of a video source in bias interventions to other mitigation methods.
Profiles and influencing factors of information literacy among Chinese clinical nurses: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Wu Chao , He Chunyan , Yan Jiaran , Lin Yawei , Du Yanling , He Shizhe , Shang Lei , Yang Kejian , Lang Hong-juan
Published: July 2022

Aim: To clarify the subtypes of information literacy among Chinese clinical nurses and explore the factors affecting profile membership Methods: A total of 2490 Chinese clinical nurses were selected in the cross-sectional survey from March to May 2020. The clinical nurses completed the online self-report questionnaires including the general demographic questionnaire and information literacy scale. Data analyses consisted of latent profile analysis, variance analysis, Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.Results: Four latent profiles were identified: ‘Low information literacy (Class 1)’, ‘Moderate information knowledge (Class 2)’, ‘High information knowledge and support (Class 3)’ and ‘High information literacy (Class 4)’, accounting for 20.14%, 42.11%, 23.36% and 14.39%, respectively. Compared with Class 4, nurses with nursing title and more than 6-year working experience were more likely to be grouped into Class 1; not reading literature in the past month was more likely to be grouped into Classes 1 and 2; the more years of work was more likely to be grouped into Classes 2 and 3; the lower age and hospital-grade, in the countryside, less time spending in spare time to learn professional knowledge, less using databases to search literature, not participating in information literacy training, lower self-efficacy and social support were more likely to be grouped into Classes 1, 2 and 3. Conclusions: Information literacy has different classification features among Chinese clinical nurses. Information literacy of over half of the nurses surveyed is at the lower or middle level. Different types of clinical nurses have different characteristics. Nursing managers should actively pay attention to clinical nurses with low information literacy and help them improve their information literacy level.Implications for nursing: The information literacy level of each clinical nurse was different. Nursing managers should realize the importance of information literacy in clinical nursing work and pay attention to the improvement of clinical nurses' information literacy. Our study clarifies the subtypes of information literacy among Chinese clinical nurses and explores the influencing factors of nursing information literacy from both internal and external aspects, which provides a reference for nursing managers to improve clinical nurses’ information literacy more specifically.
Novel epoxy adhesives based on conductive micron-sized silver flowers
Authors: Ji Yan-Hong , Miao Peng , Zhang Ruo-Nan , Li Quan , Zha Yi-Fan , Dai Feng-Ying , Du Xi , He Ben-Qiao , Fu Shao-Yun
Published: July 2022

Low silver contents are desirable for electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) due to the high cost of silver. In the present work, micron flower-like silver particles (MFSPs) with long and thin petals are prepared by a novel, green, and facile chemical reduction method in an aqueous solution. The effects of reactant mass ratio and reactant concentration are investigated to control the morphology and size of MFSPs. Three kinds of MFSPs with different sizes are filled into an epoxy resin to prepare novel ECAs. Due to the easily formed conductive paths by such morphological silver particles, the prepared MFSP/epoxy composite adhesive has a low percolation threshold, a high conductivity and high adhesion strength at a very low silver content. When considering the optimal combination of low electrical resistance and high adhesion strength, the MFSPs obtained at the 1.5:1 ratio of ascorbic acid to silver nitrate are promising for preparing ECAs with a low Ag content of 30 wt％ which is the lowest content for ECAs compared with the literature. The synthesis process of MFSPs has the advantages of mild condition, simple process, and environmental friendship. This study provides a new way to prepare highly conductive Ag/epoxy adhesives with low silver contents.
Performance Analysis of Pool-based Spectrum Handoff in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: KUMAR P TEJA VARDHAN , NAIDU K VISWANATHA , REDDY P VENKATESWAR , Hoque Shanidul
Published: July 2022

Cognitive Radio (CR) is an emerging technology that solves the spectrum inefficient problem in licensed spectrum pools by using dynamic spectral access (DSA). Spectrum Handoff plays an important role in DSA to ensure seamless and robust cognitive user (CU) services to maintain CR network (CRN) quality. In this article, we present the analytical model of pool-based spectral handoff process of two different licensing spectral pools under the Heterogeneous spectral environment (HetSE) of both Ad-HOC (opportunistic) and centralized (negotiated) CRNs. The concept of Intra-Pool and Inter-Pool spectrum handoff are considered to investigate the performance of CU in every possible dimension for developing an optimized and effective CRN. The Spectrum Handoff (SHO) performance metrics: probability mass function (PMF), link maintenance probability (LMP) and link failure probability (LFP) of the CU are derived using intra-pool and inter-pool spectrum handoff concepts under HetSE to investigate the characteristics of CRN for both opportunistic and negotiated spectrum access strategies. The results show that both the strategies produce significantly different performance for pool based spectrum handoff under HetSE of CRN. The Monte-Carlo simulation results are also performed Python platform and compare with the theoretical results to validate the proposed model considering both PUs and CUs activity model.
Monocyte subsets along with their inflammatory cytokines in septic lung injury: anti-inflammatory effect of sulfotransferase homolog 2 receptors blockade
Authors: Wang Peng , Yang Shuqi , Li Changcheng , Ma Baohua , Yi Mengqiu , Chen Xiaobo , Yu Min
Published: July 2022

Monocytes which are phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous contribute to septic organ damage by producing various inflammatory cytokines. The interleukin (IL)-33/sulfotransferase homolog 2 (ST2) is closely related to sepsis. The regulation effect of ST2 receptors on monocytes is not fully understood. This study aims to detect changes of monocyte subsets during septic lung injury and elucidate the effect of ST2 receptors on monocytes. Dynamic changes of monocyte subsets from patients with septic lung injury and mice post cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were monitored. ST2 receptors on mice monocytes and concentrations of IL-33, IL-1β, IL-12 and IL-27 from peripheral blood or culture supernatant were detected. The results showed a novel CD14lowCD16− subset monocytes from peripheral blood of sepsis patients dramatically increased. Mice blood levels of IL-33, IL-1β, IL-12 and IL-27 were much higher in the CLP 24h group. There was expression of ST2 receptors on mice monocytes. Monocytes’ production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-12 induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IL-33 reduced when the ST2 receptors blockade. Changes of monocyte subsets with expression of ST2 receptors might play a role during septic lung injury by modulating inflammatory cytokines secretion, which might be novel targets for lung protection during sepsis.
EGFL6 promotes bone metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma by increasing cancer cell malignancy and bone resorption
Authors: Song Xiaoting , Cheng Xu , Jin Xiangang , Ruan Shengyu , Xu Xianquan , Lu Feng , Wu Xinhui , Lu Fangying , Feng Mingxuan , Zhang Liwei , Ge Renshan , Chen Haixiao , Hong Zhenghua , Hong Dun
Published: July 2022

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common and aggressive type of lung cancer with the highest incidence of bone metastasis. Epidermal growth factor‐like domain multiple 6 (EGFL6) is an exocrine protein, and the expression of EGFL6 is correlated with survival of patient with lung adenocarcinoma. However, the association between EGFL6 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and bone metastasis has not been investigated. In this study, we found that EGFL6 levels in lung adenocarcinoma tissues correlate with bone metastasis and TNM stages in surgical patients. In vitro, overexpression of EGFL6 in lung adenocarcinoma cells promoted their proliferation, migration, and invasion ability compared with control by enhancing EMT process and activating Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. In the nude mouse model, overexpression of EGFL6 enhanced tumor growth and caused greater bone destruction. Moreover, the exocrine EGFL6 of human lung adenocarcinoma cells increased osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow mononuclear macrophages (BMMs) of mice via the NF-κB and c-Fos/NFATc1 signaling pathways. However, exocrine EGFL6 had no effect on osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In conclusion, high expression of EGFL6 in tumor tissue of lung adenocarcinomas is associated with bone metastasis in surgical patients. The underlying mechanism may be the increased metastatic properties of lung adenocarcinoma cells with high EGFL6 level and the enhanced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by exocrine EGFL6 from tumors. Therefore, EGFL6 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of bone metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma.
Developing a CPD model for Eswatini- A Participatory Action Research study.
Authors: Magwenya Rodney Hudson , Ross Andrew
Published: July 2022

Background
Continuing professional development (CPD) is a key aspect to fulfil a commitment to lifelong learning for professionals registered with the Medical and Dental Council, the intention being to promote the health of patients and develop clinical expertise. The absence of formal CPD requirements for practitioners in Eswatini has resulted in a move to introduce an accredited system.
Methods
The qualitative study followed a participatory action research (PAR) methodology using a cooperative inquiry group of 10 medical practitioners in Eswatini to investigate how the current CPD program could be improved and formalised. PAR entailed four stages; observation, reflection, planning and action, using a semi-structured format to explore the areas of concern.
Results
Reflecting on the current situation resulted in three ways to improve CPD being identified: (1) adopt a formal, compulsory CPD model; (2) recognise achievements by practitioners who endeavour to improve their skills/knowledge through Entrustable Professional Activities, and (3) ensure that CPD is relevant to the workplace by using Quality-Improvement CPD (QI-CPD) and reflective diaries. These would be done by involving local practitioners, using adult learning principles and ensuring continuous evaluation and improvement of the CPD model.
Conclusions
There was general agreement on the need for a formalised CPD system to improve skill levels and provide an open platform to enhance patient care in a resource constrained setting. The findings provided information that can be used to plan and action its implementation through engagement with the country’s doctors in various forums and through ongoing research.
Short Version of the Inventory of Parental Representations, a self- report for Attachment Assessment among Adolescents
Authors: Lamourette Marilou , Ligier Fabienne , Guillemin Francis , Epstein Jonathan
Published: July 2022

Background: The Inventory of Parental Representations (IPR), a self-administered questionnaire, was developed primarily to identify styles of attachment in adolescence. However, it did not present stable psychometric properties in the various American studies carried out. The aim of this study was to adapt the IPR in French and to provide a shorter version with improved psychometric properties and sound content.Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation and content validity were carried out based on qualitative analysis by an Expert Committee and 10 non-clinical adolescents. For the quantitative analyses a cohort of 535 adolescent volunteers was enrolled, corresponding to 1070 responses, and divided into two groups: development and validation. The study of the metric properties of the adapted version of the IPR was realized in the development group, a sample of 275 responses. In case of mediocre results in the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the development of a new and reduced IPR structure was planned using a mixed method including Classical Test Theory and Rasch Modelling in the development group. Subsequently, the study of the psychometric properties of the short, adapted version was confirmed in an independent sample of 795 responses (validation group). Results: Out of 62 items translated, 13 needed adaptations. The analysis of their metric properties produced mediocre results. Content and psychometric property analyses generated two Short version of the IPR in the development group: a paternal scale for Fathers (Short IPRF) with 15 items and a maternal scale for Mothers (Short IPRM) with 16 items. The sound content and good psychometric properties were confirmed in the validation group (Short IPRF: Comparative Fit Index =0.987, Tucker-Lewis Index =0.982, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation =0.027; Short IPRM: Comparative Fit Index =0.953, Trucker-Lewis Index =0.927, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation =0.068). Using Rasch modelling, the attachment was correctly measured overall especially for insecure attachment. Conclusions: A step-by-step process involving led to the generation of two questionnaires: a paternal scale, the Short IPRF, and a maternal scale with the Short IPRM providing opportunities to use this self-questionnaire to assess attachment among adolescents. Further work will provide a solid rating for this new tool.