bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Restoring Brain Pathways Involved in Diabetes-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: The Potential of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors as a Therapeutic Strategy
Authors: Piatkowska-Chmiel Iwona , Gawronska-Grzywacz Monika , PawLowski Kamil , Dudka Jaroslaw , Slaska Brygida , Tkaczyk-Wlizlo Angelika , Kowal Krzysztof , Herbet Mariola
Published: June 2024

Background:

Diabetes, a widespread chronic metabolic disease, is projected to affect 783
million people globally by 2045. Recent studies emphasize the neuroprotective potential of dipeptidyl
peptidase 4 (DPP4i) inhibitors, pointing toward a promising avenue for intervention in addressing
cognitive challenges associated with diabetes. Due to limited data on the effect of DPP4i on brain
pathways involvedin diabetes-related neurocognitive disorders, the decision was made to conduct this
study to fill existing knowledge gaps on this topic.

Methods:

The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the potential of DPP4 inhibitors (DPP4i) in
preventing cognitive decline in mice with type 2 diabetes (T2D), placing special emphasis on gaining
insight into the complex molecular mechanisms underlying this action.

Results:

We examined drug efficacy in modulating neurotrophic factors, calcium levels, and the expression
of key genes (HIF1α, APP, Arc) crucial for neural plasticity. Conducting cognitive assessments
with the hole board and passive avoidance tests, we discerned a remarkable influence of shortterm
gliptin usage on the limiting progress of cognitive dysfunction in diabetic mice. The administration
of DPP4 inhibitors ledto heightened neurotrophin levels, increased HIF1α in the prefrontal cortex,
and a significant elevation in Arc mRNA levels.

Conclusion:

Our findings reveal that DPP4 inhibitors effectively limit the progression of diabetesrelated
cognitive disorders. This breakthrough discovery not only opens new research avenues but also
constitutes a potential starting point for creating innovative strategies for the treatment of central
nervous system disorders focused on improving cognitive abilities.
Change of Government and the Impact Towards Royal Malaysian Police
Authors:   Royal Military Police, A/L Selvarajoo Prasad Money Raj ,   Master of Public Administration, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Asli Muhammad Asri Mohd ,   Faculty of Business and Economics, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: June 2024

Political stability plays a pivotal role to determine country’s progress and development. Between the year of 2020 to 2022, Malaysia experienced political crisis that have never before happened in the country. It begins with what was known as the Sheraton Move leading to the collapse of two successive coalition governments and the resignation of two prime ministers in less than 18 months. This change of government caused by party switching or coalition among members of parliament raise concerns about public administration practices. What are the factors that influence public servant’s motivation to perform better is largely unanswered. What are the impacts of change of government towards job motivation and job satisfaction of the public servant such as police officer? This question is rather significant since the construct of change of government involve the process of revising existing public policies and strategies. This paper provides discussion about the impacts of change of government towards job motivation and job satisfaction based on the analysis of five experts and opinions of 48 police officers.
Comparative Analysis of Share Index Movements Due to the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on The JCI and JII Indexes in Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Khofifah Trisnah , Rosyada Mohammad
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe stock index is the primary reference used to show increases and decreases in stock prices and the performance of all stocks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study aims to determine whether there is a difference between the movement of the JCI and JII indices due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2019-2020. This type of research is descriptive with a quantitative approach. The data used in this study is secondary data with a sample of 35 daily data (series) on the closing value of stock transactions on the IDX using the IDX website. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with the Independent Sample T-test analysis method. The results of this study were 1) there were differences between the movements of the JCI and JII before the Covid-19 pandemic, 2) there were differences between the movements of the JCI and JII during the Covid-19 pandemic, 3) there were differences between the movements of the JCI and JII after the new normal. Thus, there is a significant difference between the movement of the JCI and JII due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic.Keywords: Stock Investment Decision, Stock Price Index, Stock Price MovementsABSTRAKIndeks saham merupakan acuan utama yang digunakan sebagai parameter untuk menunjukkan kenaikan dan penurunan harga saham serta kinerja semua saham di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya perbedaan antara pergerakan indeks IHSG dan JII akibat dampak pandemic Covid-19 tahun 2019-2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dengan sampel sebanyak 35 data harian (series) pada nilai penutupan saham transaksi saham di BEI menggunakan website IDX. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan metode analisis Independent Sample T-test. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) terdapat perbedaan antara pergerakan IHSG dan JII sebelum pandemi Covid-19, 2) terdapat perbedaan antara pergerakan IHSG dan JII saat terjadi pandemic Covid-19, 3) terdapat perbedaan antara pergerakan IHSG dan JII setelah new normal. Dengan demikian bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pergerakan IHSG dan JII akibat dampak pandemic Covid-19.Kata Kunci: Keputusan Investasi Saham, Indeks Harga Saham, Pergerakan Harga Saham
Two hours to the office, two minutes to the kitchen table: trends in local public-transportation expenditures from 2018 to 2021
Authors: Meyers Shane
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic altered consumer spending on public transportation, including both intracity (mass transit, taxi, and limousine) and intercity (air, ship, bus, and train). According to the Consumer Expenditure Surveys, spending on public and other transportation fell 66.3 percent in 2020. With shifts toward virtual work and school attendance, many commuters’ 2 hours to the office became 2 minutes to the kitchen table. This article examines changes in dollars spent for public transportation, mainly intracity mass-transit spending from January 2018 to December 2021, among various unique demographic groups: urban and rural residency, occupation type, educational attainment, and selected metropolitan statistical areas. Essential workers generally were unable to telework. Simultaneously, private-transportation costs declined in 2020 for all, while affordability rose for many. Gasoline prices fell 46 cents (17 percent) per gallon in 2020, according to the Consumer Price Index. Furthermore, average annual income fell for certain occupational groups and rose for others (income rose 2 percent for all consumer units). A model of indifference curves and budget constraints is used to show which members of specific education groups are likely to substitute private for public transportation. Results in 2020 show that income growth and lower private-transportation costs compared with those of public transportation resulted in increased private-transportation spending of up to 5 percent, with accompanying public-transportation spending reductions of 40 to 50 percent. Although intracity mass-transit spending rebounded in 2021, it did not reach prepandemic levels.
Association of HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1 Alleles, and TNF-α Promoter Polymorphisms with Multiple
Sclerosis in the Cuban Population
Authors: Cintado A , Fernández-de-Cossío ME , Nazabal M , Díaz T , Ale M , Grass D , Cervantes-Llanos M , Pavon-Fuentes N , Cabrera-Gomez JA , Diaz de la Fe A , Pentón-Rol G
Published: June 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating, autoimmune disease of the central nervous system.
It is known that the Major Histocompatibility Complex class II region produces the most potent effect on MS
genetic susceptibility. In addition, the genetic polymorphism within the TNF locus has been involved in the
pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases. This study has the purpose of evaluating HLA-DRB1, HLADQB1 alleles and TNF promotor alpha gene polymorphism (SNP TNF- α -238 G/A; - 243G/A; -308 G/A; -
375 G/A, -856 C/T; -862 C/A) in a sample of Cuban MS patients. Disease-associated HLA susceptibility
alleles were genotyped by the SSP-PCR method. The TNF- α genotypes were identified by sequencing. The
association was found between HLA and MS, DRB1*15:01, DRB1*14:01, DQA*01:02 and DQB1*06:02
being susceptibility alleles. TNF-α-308 G (OR=1,6, P<0,01) and TNF- α -238 G (OR=2,0, P<0,01) alleles
had higher frequency among MS patients than control subjects. The odds ratio was increased among HLADRB1*1501 positive individuals. Our results have shown that the combination of TNF-α-238 G, -308 G with
HLA-DRB1*15:01 and HLA-DQA1*01:02 increased susceptibility to MS (p<0.05 OR=4.2) in the Cuban
population.
Keywords: HLA, TNF-Alpha, polymorphism, SNP, Multiple Sclerosis, Cuban population
Using AI to Differentiate Mpox From Common Skin Lesions in a Sexual Health Clinic: Algorithm Development and Validation Study
Authors: Soe Nyi Nyi , Yu Zhen , Latt Phyu Mon , Lee David , Samra Ranjit Singh , Ge Zongyuan , Rahman Rashidur , Sun Jiajun , Ong Jason J , Fairley Christopher K , Zhang Lei
Published: June 2024

Background

The 2022 global outbreak of mpox has significantly impacted health facilities, and necessitated additional infection prevention and control measures and alterations to clinic processes. Early identification of suspected mpox cases will assist in mitigating these impacts.

Objective

We aimed to develop and evaluate an artificial intelligence (AI)–based tool to differentiate mpox lesion images from other skin lesions seen in a sexual health clinic.

Methods

We used a data set with 2200 images, that included mpox and non-mpox lesions images, collected from Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and web resources. We adopted deep learning approaches which involved 6 different deep learning architectures to train our AI models. We subsequently evaluated the performance of each model using a hold-out data set and an external validation data set to determine the optimal model for differentiating between mpox and non-mpox lesions.

Results

The DenseNet-121 model outperformed other models with an overall area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.928, an accuracy of 0.848, a precision of 0.942, a recall of 0.742, and an F1-score of 0.834. Implementation of a region of interest approach significantly improved the performance of all models, with the AUC for the DenseNet-121 model increasing to 0.982. This approach resulted in an increase in the correct classification of mpox images from 79% (55/70) to 94% (66/70). The effectiveness of this approach was further validated by a visual analysis with gradient-weighted class activation mapping, demonstrating a reduction in false detection within the background of lesion images. On the external validation data set, ResNet-18 and DenseNet-121 achieved the highest performance. ResNet-18 achieved an AUC of 0.990 and an accuracy of 0.947, and DenseNet-121 achieved an AUC of 0.982 and an accuracy of 0.926.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated it was possible to use an AI-based image recognition algorithm to accurately differentiate between mpox and common skin lesions. Our findings provide a foundation for future investigations aimed at refining the algorithm and establishing the place of such technology in a sexual health clinic.
Exploring Acceptability, Barriers, and Facilitators for Digital Health in Dermatology: Qualitative Focus Groups With Dermatologists, Nurses, and Patients
Authors: Reinders Patrick , Augustin Matthias , Fleyder Anastasia , Otten Marina
Published: June 2024

Background

Although several digital health interventions (DHIs) have shown promise in the care of skin diseases their uptake in Germany has been limited. To fully understand the reasons for the low uptake, an in-depth analysis of patients’ and health care providers’ barriers and facilitators in dermatology is needed.

Objective

The objective of this study was to explore and compare attitudes, acceptability, barriers, and facilitators of patients, dermatologists, and nurses toward DHIs in dermatology.

Methods

We conducted 6 web-based focus groups each with patients (n=34), dermatologists (n=30), and nurses (n=30) using a semistructured interview guide with short descriptions of DHIs described in the literature. A content analysis was performed using deductive constructs, following the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology framework, and inductive categories.

Results

Patients identified many positive performance expectancies, such as reduced travel times and improvement in follow-up appointments. Dermatologists also stated positive effects (eg, promotion of standardized care), but also negative implications of health care digitalization (eg, increased workload). All stakeholders reported that a DHI should bring additional value to all stakeholders. A lack of digital competence among patients was identified as the major barrier to adoption by all 3 groups. Nurses and dermatologists want apps that are easy to use and easy to implement into their daily routines. Trust in selected institutions, colleagues, and physicians was identified as a facilitator. Patients reported their dependence on the dermatologists’ acceptance. All groups expressed concerns about data privacy risks and dermatologists stated insecurities toward data privacy laws.

Conclusions

To ensure successful digitalization in dermatology, apps should be user-friendly, adapted to users’ skill levels, and beneficial for all stakeholders. The incorporation of dermatologists’ perspectives is especially important as their acceptance may impact use among patients and nurses. DHIs should ensure and be transparent about data privacy. The found barriers and facilitators can be used for implementation strategies.
Defining Activity Thresholds Triggering a “Stand Hour” for Apple Watch Users: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lyons Katy , Hei Man Alison Hau , Booth David , Rena Graham
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Sedentary behavior (SB) is one of the largest contributing factors increasing the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Guidelines from the World Health Organization for physical activity suggest the substitution of SB with light physical activity. The Apple Watch contains a health metric known as the stand hour (SH). The SH is intended to record standing with movement for at least 1 minute per hour; however, the activity measured during the determination of the SH is unclear.

OBJECTIVE

In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the algorithm used to determine time spent standing per hour. To do this, we investigated activity measurements also recorded on Apple Watches that influence the recording of an SH. We also aimed to estimate the values of any significant SH predictors in the recording of a SH.

METHODS

The cross-sectional study used anonymized data obtained in August 2022 from 20 healthy individuals gathered via convenience sampling. Apple Watch data were extracted from the Apple Health app through the use of a third-party app. Appropriate statistical models were fitted to analyze SH predictors.

RESULTS

Our findings show that active energy (AE) and step count (SC) measurements influence the recording of an SH. Comparing when an SH is recorded with when an SH is not recorded, we found a significant difference in the mean and median AE and SC. Above a threshold of 97.5 steps or 100 kJ of energy, it became much more likely that an SH would be recorded when each predictor was analyzed as a separate entity.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study reveal the pivotal role of AE and SC measurements in the algorithm underlying the SH recording; however, our findings also suggest that a recording of an SH is influenced by more than one factor. Irrespective of the internal validity of the SH metric, it is representative of light physical activity and might, therefore, have use in encouraging individuals through various means, for example, notifications, to reduce their levels of SB.
Explainable AI Method for Tinnitus Diagnosis via Neighbor-Augmented Knowledge Graph and Traditional Chinese Medicine: Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yin Ziming , Kuang Zhongling , Zhang Haopeng , Guo Yu , Li Ting , Wu Zhengkun , Wang Lihua
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Tinnitus diagnosis poses a challenge in otolaryngology owing to an extremely complex pathogenesis, lack of effective objectification methods, and factor-affected diagnosis. There is currently a lack of explainable auxiliary diagnostic tools for tinnitus in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop a diagnostic model using an explainable artificial intelligence (AI) method to address the issue of low accuracy in tinnitus diagnosis.

METHODS

In this study, a knowledge graph–based tinnitus diagnostic method was developed by combining clinical medical knowledge with electronic medical records. Electronic medical record data from 1267 patients were integrated with traditional Chinese clinical medical knowledge to construct a tinnitus knowledge graph. Subsequently, weights were introduced, which measured patient similarity in the knowledge graph based on mutual information values. Finally, a collaborative neighbor algorithm was proposed, which scored patient similarity to obtain the recommended diagnosis. We conducted 2 group experiments and 1 case derivation to explore the effectiveness of our models and compared the models with state-of-the-art graph algorithms and other explainable machine learning models.

RESULTS

The experimental results indicate that the method achieved 99.4% accuracy, 98.5% sensitivity, 99.6% specificity, 98.7% precision, 98.6% F1-score, and 99% area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the inference of 5 tinnitus subtypes among 253 test patients. Additionally, it demonstrated good interpretability. The topological structure of knowledge graphs provides transparency that can explain the reasons for the similarity between patients.

CONCLUSIONS

This method provides doctors with a reliable and explainable diagnostic tool that is expected to improve tinnitus diagnosis accuracy.
The Prevalence of Missing Incidents and Their Antecedents Among Older Adult MedicAlert Subscribers: Retrospective Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: Miguel-Cruz Antonio , Perez Hector , Choi Yoojin , Rutledge Emily , Daum Christine , Liu Lili
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

With the population aging, the number of people living with dementia is expected to rise, which, in turn, is expected to lead to an increase in the prevalence of missing incidents due to critical wandering. However, the estimated prevalence of missing incidents due to dementia is inconclusive in some jurisdictions and overlooked in others.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of the study were to examine (1) the demographic, psychopathological, and environmental antecedents to missing incidents due to critical wandering among older adult MedicAlert Foundation Canada (hereinafter MedicAlert) subscribers; and (2) the characteristics and outcomes of the missing incidents.

METHODS

This study used a retrospective descriptive design. The sample included 434 older adult MedicAlert subscribers involved in 560 missing incidents between January 2015 and July 2021.

RESULTS

The sample was overrepresented by White older adults (329/425, 77.4%). MedicAlert subscribers reported missing were mostly female older adults (230/431, 53.4%), living in urban areas with at least 1 family member (277/433, 63.8%). Most of the MedicAlert subscribers (345/434, 79.5%) self-reported living with dementia. MedicAlert subscribers went missing most frequently from their private homes in the community (96/143, 67.1%), traveling on foot (248/270, 91.9%) and public transport (12/270, 4.4%), during the afternoon (262/560, 46.8%) and evening (174/560, 31.1%). Most were located by first responders (232/486, 47.7%) or Good Samaritans (224/486, 46.1%). Of the 560 missing incidents, 126 (22.5%) were repeated missing incidents. The mean time between missing incidents was 11 (SD 10.8) months. Finally, the majority of MedicAlert subscribers were returned home safely (453/500, 90.6%); and reports of harm, injuries (46/500, 9.2%), and death (1/500, 0.2%) were very low.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides the prevalence of missing incidents from 1 database source. The low frequency of missing incidents may not represent populations that are not White. Despite the low number of missing incidents, the 0.2% (1/500) of cases resulting in injuries or death are devastating experiences that may be mitigated through prevention strategies.
Fostering Leadership and Innovation in UK Healthcare: Insights from the NHS Clinical Entrepreneur Programme and Application of Clinical Leadership Models. (Preprint)
Authors: Abou Salhab Fayad Mohammad
Published: June 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

This research paper explores the role of the NHS Clinical Entrepreneur Programme (CEP) in promoting leadership and innovation within the UK healthcare system and examines how clinical leadership models can be applied to the CEP. By investigating the programme's objectives, structure, and impact, the paper highlights how the CEP aligns with the global strategy on digital health 2020-2025. The research draws upon academic literature, programme evaluations, and case studies to demonstrate the CEP's effectiveness in retaining talented professionals, changing innovation culture, encouraging collaboration, and addressing healthcare challenges. The paper also discusses the potential hurdles and challenges in achieving leadership within the context of available leadership theories and models.
Diagnostic prediction models for primary care, based on artificial intelligence and electronic health records: a systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Hunik Liesbeth , Chaabouni Asma , van Laarhoven Twan , olde Hartman Tim C , Leijenaar Ralph TH , Cals Jochen WL , Uijen Annemarie A , Schers Henk J
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI) based diagnostic prediction models could aid primary care (PC) in decision making for faster and more accurate diagnoses. AI has the potential to transform electronic health records (EHR) data into valuable diagnostic prediction models. Different prediction models based on EHR have been developed. However, there are currently no systematic reviews that evaluate AI-based diagnostic prediction models for PC using EHR data.

OBJECTIVE

To provide an overview of diagnostic prediction models based on AI and EHR in primary care and to evaluate the content of each model, including risk of bias and applicability.

METHODS

This systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane were searched. We included observational and intervention studies using AI and primary care EHRs and developing or testing a diagnostic prediction model for health conditions. Two independent reviewers used a standardised data extraction form. Risk of bias and applicability were assessed using PROBAST (Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool).

RESULTS

From 10,657 retrieved records, a total of 15 papers were selected. Most EHR papers focused on one chronic healthcare condition (n=11). From the 15 papers, 13 described a study that developed a diagnostic prediction model and 2 described a study that externally validated and tested the model in a primary care setting. Studies used a variety of AI techniques. The predictors used to develop the model were all registered in the EHR. We found no papers with a low risk of bias, high risk of bias was found in 9 papers. Biases covered an unjustified small sample size (n=5), not excluding predictors from the outcome definition (n=2) and the inappropriate evaluation of the performance measures (n=2). Unclear risk of bias was found in 6 papers, as no information was provided on the handling of missing data (n=10) and no results were reported from the multivariate analysis (n=9). Applicability was unclear in 10 papers, mainly due to lack of clarity in reporting the time interval between outcomes and predictors.

CONCLUSIONS

Most AI-based diagnostic prediction models based on EHR data in primary care focused on one chronic condition. Only two papers tested the model in a primary care setting. The lack of sufficiently described methods led to a high risk of bias. Our findings highlight that the currently available diagnostic prediction models are not yet ready for clinical implementation in primary care.
Twenty years later: The Federal Assault Weapons Ban curtailed public mass shootings (Preprint)
Authors: Lundberg Alex , Fox James A. , Mohammad Hassan , Mason Maryann , Victorson David , Parra-Cardona Ruben , Post Lori A.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Assault weapon and large capacity magazine bans are potential tools for policymakers to prevent public mass shootings. However, the efficacy of these bans is a continual source of debate. In an earlier study, we estimated the impact of the Federal Assault Weapons Ban (FAWB) on the number of public mass shooting events. This study provides an updated assessment with three additional years of firearm surveillance data to characterize the longer-term effects.

OBJECTIVE

To estimate the impact of the FAWB on trends in public mass shootings from 1966 to 2022.

METHODS

We use linear regression to estimate the impact of the FAWB on the five-year simple moving average of annual, public mass shootings, defined by events with four or more deaths in a 24-hour period, not including the perpetrator. The study period spans 1966 to 2022. The model includes indicator variables for both the period of the FAWB (1995-2004) and the period after its removal (2005-2022). These indicators were interacted with a linear time trend. Estimates controlled for the national homicide rate. After estimation, the model provided counterfactual estimates of public mass shootings if (1) the FAWB were never imposed and (2) if the FAWB remained in place.

RESULTS

The overall upward trajectory in the number of public mass shootings substantially fell while the FAWB was in place. These trends are specific to events in which the perpetrator used an assault weapon or large capacity magazine. Estimates suggest the FAWB prevented five public mass shootings while the ban was active. A continuation of the FAWB/LCMB would have prevented up to thirty-eight public mass shootings.

CONCLUSIONS

The FAWB, which included a ban on large capacity magazines, was associated with fewer public mass shooting events, fatalities, and nonfatal gun injuries. Gun control legislation is an important public health tool in the prevention of public mass shootings.

CLINICALTRIAL

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Adventures of Two Captains’ Trilogy and U.S Exceptionalism in their Foreign Policy: Manifestation of Think Tanks in a literary work
Authors: Dehnavi Ellias Aghili , Fiedler Radoslaw
Published: June 2024

International relations are often perceived as a dry discipline characterized by diplomacy, calculations and realpolitik. However, behind treaties, tariffs and statecraft lies a tapestry of stories, ideas and values that define how we see the world around us. All forms of literature have been used to explore international relations for many years because it provides an insight into human conflict experience among other things like cooperation and cultural exchange. Literature may be sweeping such as Tolstoy’s “War & Peace” or biting satire like Orwell’s “1984” but they all reveal what makes nations tick; why people do what they do on behalf of their country or themselves alone. In this paper review, we will look at some intriguing ways in which the Adventure of two captains trilogy, as a modern literary work, can shape (and reflect) our understanding about global politics plus tips on how reading more could turn you into a better citizen of the world – one who is empathetic, knowledgeable and reflective; we will also discuss how this work and most of its characters act like the components of a universal think tank with a dynamic mechanism of policy making on a regular basis.
La ocupación de abrigos rocosos en la cuenca inferior del río Deseado (Patagonia Argentina)
Authors: Ambrústolo Pablo , Ciampagna María Laura , Del Papa Luis Manuel
Published: June 2024

In this paper presents the results of the archaeological studies carried out at the Alero El Veneciano 1 site, located in the lower basin of the Deseado River, in Argentine Patagonia. It is an occupation context assignable to the late Holocene, located in a rock shelter placed in a space that is not strictly littoral, about three kilometers from the sea coast. The record of low frequencies of lithic artifacts, bone and malacological remains would be associated with scenarios in which redundant occupations of low intensity at the site are inferred. This supports and allows for a more in-depth discussion of the trends identified in other rock shelters recorded at variable distances from shell middens sites located in the vicinity of the Atlantic front. In this sense, the occupations in rock shelters located in spaces that are not strictly coastal are interpreted, among other factors, around functionalities related to the connection between coastal and interior environments in terms of accessibility of resources by hunter-gatherer human groups that inhabited the lower basin of the Deseado River at least during the late Holocene.
¿Lo que no se ve no hace daño? Micro y nanoplásticos otra herencia para el futuro
Authors: Fortoul van der Goes Teresa I.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Plastic is one of the most important pollutants human produces. Degradation of plastic is giving rise to microplastics, waste that threatens several species, including ours. According to the United Nations (UN), more than 430 million tons of this material are generated every year. In addition to affecting the Earth's ecosystems, also has repercussions on human health. staining
Key words: microplastics, nanoplastics, waste, ecosystem, extinction
Infarto agudo de miocardio en el paciente con marcapasos
Authors: Alanís-Naranjo José Martín , Vela-Huerta Agustín , González-Coronado Vidal José , Campos-Garcilazo Virginia
Published: June 2024

The electrocardiographic diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with
pacemakers has always been a problem in clinical practice, causing delays in management and worse clinical outcomes. Although complete left bundle branch block (LBBB) and right ventricular pacing can produce electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, specific morphological changes often allow the diagnosis of AMI or an old infarction.
Case report A 76-year-old patient with history of permanent pacemaker implantation due to a 3rd-degree atrioventricular block was admitted for chest pain. Upon admission, he was hemodynamically stable but with ECG showing pacemaker rhythm with LBBB fulfilling 2 points of Sgarbossa criteria (discordant elevation of the ST segment > 5 mm in leads V2 to V3) and ST/S ratio < - 0.25 in leads V3-V4. Laboratories showed elevated troponins, integrating diagnosis of AMI, and moving on to urgent coronary angiography. A lesion on the anterior descending coronary artery was documented, and a drug-eluting stent was successfully implanted. The patient was discharged stable, asymptomatic, and with pharmacological management for secondary prevention. ECG identification of an AMI in patients with pacemakers is essential to initiate reperfusion therapy. Guideline recommendations are constantly changing, but an algorithm that uses hemodynamic instability and the modified Sgarbossa criteria (MSC) to decide these patients; management could be a high-sensitivity tool and allow physicians to make the best decisions without waiting for laboratory results. MSC, which are more sensitive than the original criteria, continue to be helpful in the diagnosis of AMI. Clinicians should carefully choose the appropriate MSC cut-off (ST/T Ratio -0.20 and -0.25) on a case-by-case basis.
Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction, Electrocardiogram, Pacemaker, Left bundle branch block, Acute coronary syndrome
Geração de valor público nas universidades federais brasileiras
Authors: Pinto-Ortiz Leonardo , Pias-Machado Daiane , Costa-Quintana Alexandre
Published: June 2024

Este estudo investiga a geração de valor público nas universidades federais brasileiras, avaliada pela metodologia da Public Value Accounte pela análise da relação de causa-efeito dos custos e investimentos em infraestrutura na qualidade do ensino superior. Foram analisadas informações contábeis de 58 universidades federais brasileiras, do período de 2015 a 2019. Os dados apontam um resultado da public value account positivo para qualidade do ensino superior, pois os sacrifícios realizados são inferiores ao benefício gerado. Os resultados da análise de regressão evidenciaram que os custos e investimentos públicos influenciam na qualidade do ensino superior. A hipótese geral do estudo, de que a criação de valor público nas universidades federais pode ser percebida pela diferença positiva entre os benefícios e sacrifícios gerados foi confirmada e corroborada pela relação de causa-efeito dos custos e investimentos públicos em infraestrutura na qualidade do ensino superior.
Advanced Car Parking and Billing System
Authors: Bai Mrs. P. Annapurna , Keerthi C. , Kumar Sahil , Yadav Sankeerth
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to solve the issue of the car parking system in our country. We have proposed a system where we give the solution for management of parking space and how we can utilize the current space more effectively. This would lead to decrease in chaos and would help people to choose their parking space in advance and we would give them a choice to cancel their reservation of parking space. In this paper we intend to build a centralized system where all the non reserved and non-occupied spots for parking that are available can be used in a better way. We also looked at a few of the current systems and highlighted their shortcomings. Our framework differs from the ones that are currently in use in that we aim to make our solution as less people- dependent as possible, dependent as feasible by automating both the cars and the parking lot, but the majority of current frameworks necessitate that personnel leave the actual vehicle.
Android Image Steganography
Authors: Sahu Mrs. Bharti , Kawane Om , Watt Sanket , Rahangadale Vaibhav , Totkar Prathamesh
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The internet's expansion and technological advancements have facilitated rapid access to multimedia information, yet they have also heightened concerns regarding privacy and security. This has led researchers to explore digital image steganography as a means of securely storing sensitive data within images. Despite the advantages of existing techniques, challenges persist, necessitating the development of novel approaches. Our study proposes an innovative image steganography method to address these challenges, aiming to balance information concealment with visual quality. By concealing messages within images, our approach enhances security while enabling seamless transmission of confidential information.
Augmented and Virtual Realities: Catalyzing Adoption and User Engagement in Digital Payment Systems
Authors: Guru Sowmyanarayanan Soundararajan
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Digital payment systems that incorporate augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies have the potential to completely transform the retail shopping experience. With the increasing demands of consumers for more personalized and immersive interactions, these emerging technologies present creative ways to improve user engagement and promote the use of digital payment methods. This study examines how AR and VR are vital to the advancement of digital payments, emphasizing how they can change conventional retail payment procedures and produce engaging, user-centered experiences
An IOT Based System for Early Identification & Monitoring of Covid-19
Authors: Seetaram Dr. J. , Sadaf  , Manideep K. , Tanveer Mohammed
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This paper aims to introduce the design of an "IoT-Based System for Early Identification and Monitoring of COVID-19," with a specific focus on the systematic monitoring of heart rate and SpO2 (oxygencarrying hemoglobin in blood) through Wireless Health Monitoring. In the context of our rapidly advancing world, where health holds increasing significance, continuous monitoring emerges as a crucial aspect. While health professionals traditionally play a vital role in individual health monitoring, the rising population poses challenges to their capacity. Particularly in the current pandemic scenario, global attention to health has become paramount. Despite the existence of numerous health monitoring devices, our proposed system distinguishes itself through its convenience and efficiency.
ОЙЛГОХУЙ БА ТАЙЛБАРЛАХУЙН ХАРИЦААНЫ ТУХАЙ ГЕРМЕНЕВТИКИЙН АСУУДАЛ
Authors: Г Лодой , В.И. Павлов
Published: June 2024

Философийн герменевтикийг Х.Г.Гадамер “Үнэн ба арга. Философийн герменевтикийн үндэс” хэмээх зохиолдоо анх хэрэглэжээ. Түүний өмнөх үеийнхэн энэ асуудалд хүмүүнлэгийн ухааны ерөнхий онол, арга зүй талаас нь голлон анхаарч байсан бол Х.Г.Гадамер энэ хандлагад шүүмжлэлтэй хандаж байсан ба философи сэтгэлгээний оновчтой хэлбэр бол герменевтик буюу ойлгохуйн ухаан байх ёстой гэдэг санааг бүх талаар үндэслэхийг оролдож байжээ. Г.Гадамерын үзэж байгаагаар, хэл бол хүн ертөнц хоёрыг нэгтгэн холбогч орчин бөгөөд тэрээр ойлгохуйн оногдохуй болж байдаг ахуй нь болдог юм. Хүн ертөнцийн харилцаа нь хэлний хүчин зүйлсээр нөхцөлдсөн байдаг учир ойлгох боломжтой байдаг хэмээн тэрбээр үздэг ажээ.
Н.ЧОМСКИЙН ЖИШИГ ОНОЛЫН ХҮРЭЭНД ДЭВШҮҮЛСЭН ӨГҮҮЛБЭРИЙН ГҮН БҮТЭЦ ГЭХ ОЙЛГОЛТ ЛОГИК ХЭЛБЭР МӨН ҮҮ?
Authors: М Отгонбаяр , С Бүжинлхам
Published: June 2024

Хэл шинжлэл философи хоёр хоорондоо холбоотой юу? Тийм бол хэрхэн илрэх бололцоотой вэ? Хэл шинжээч болон философичийн бүтээл нь бие биендээ хэрхэн дэм болох вэ? гэх асуултуудыг шийдэхэд сонгодог жишээ болж чадах төлөөлөл бол Н.Чомскийн бүтээлүүд юм. Н.Чомский үүсгүүр хэлзүйн жишиг онолын хүрээнд гүн бүтэц нь өгүүлбэрийн утгыг илэрхийлж буй бол өнгөн бүтэц нь түүний физик шинж талыг төлөөлдөг гэж үзсэн. Иймээс өнгөн бүтэц нь өгүүлбэрийн “жинхэнэ” прагматик хэлбэр гэсэн үг юм. Нөгөө талд гүн бүтэц нь илүү хийсвэр шинжтэй бөгөөд хэрэглэгчийн оюун\тархинд төрөлхөөс байдаг байна. Гүн бүтцийн түвшинд үг нь өгүүлэхүүн, өгүүлэгдэхүүн, тусагдахууны үүргээ олж авдаг. Эдгээр тайлбараас харахад гүн бүтэц бодомжтой төстэй болж таарж байгаа юм. Учир нь бодомж бүр өгүүлбэр байх ёстой ч өгүүлбэр бүр бодомж байх албагүй байдаг билээ. Иймээс гүн бүтэц логикийн хэлбэр байх бололцоотой эсэхийг эрэлхийллээ.
МОНГОЛЧУУДЫН УЛАМЖЛАЛТ СЭТГЭЛГЭЭН ДЭХ БАГШ, ШАВИЙН БАРИЛДЛАГАТ ЁСНЫ ТУХАЙ ҮЗЭЛ БАРИМТЛАЛ
Authors: С Баянмөнх , С Жаргалмаа
Published: June 2024

There is a dissappointing situation that no understanding of the special bond between teacher and student because of our moral failure in our present society. Therefore this article is about the special bond between teacher and student in Mongolian traditional thought. Also, the article suggests that it is necessary to do the research study on the subject in order to learn and understand Mongolian traditional thought. Building the special bond between teacher and student begins from the respect and belief the teahcer who leads the student into the road of Enlightment. This principle is an important part of the tradition. The basic criteria of the special bond between teacher and student is the responsibility. We have studied the principle of worshipping the teacher, the characteristics of respectful teacher, the characteristics of the student, benefits of having a good teacher and bad habits that ruins the bond in the Mongolian traditional thought. The characteristics of a good student are honesty, sharpness, hard-working, respect for a teacher and emotional stability. The benefits of respecting the teacher is that the student becomes with rich knowledge, good moral moreover, does not seduced by bad influences. The bad habits, which ruins the bond between teacher and student, are unsatisfaction, too much priviliges, less caring, implicitly critisizing
БУДДЫН ГҮН УХААНД СЭТГЭЛИЙГ АВЧ ҮЗЭХ НЬ
Authors: Н Мөнхцэцэг , С Янжинсүрэн
Published: June 2024

Mankind mind has been trying to recognize the nature of Soul two millennium ago. The western psychology was based on different theoretical and methodological trends, which have been examined the soul in a particular aspects. Contrary, Buddhism defines soul on the basis of precise complex classification and developed a comprehensive theory and methodology for improvement. The value of Buddhist philosophy consists in fact that it has developed methodology, when the man tried to understand each own action / peace and suffering/, seeking to limit bad consequences and to emphasize high qualities. Indeed, its impact and scope is expanded. The article makes review of category of soul in Buddhist philosophy and its interpretation.
МОНГОЛЫН ГЭГЭЭН ХУВИЛГААНЫ ТӨРӨЛ АРИЛЖИХ ДҮРМИЙН ТҮҮХИЙН ХЭДЭН АСУУДАЛ
Authors: М Эрдэнэбаатар
Published: June 2024

Тус өгүүлэлд “Чин Улсын дотоод нарийн бичгийн яаманд Монгол дaнс эвхмэлийн эмхэтгэл” ба “дайЧин Улсын магад хуулийн Монгол түүхийн материал” зэрэг Монгол хятад сурвалж бичгийг голлон ашиглаж, Далай лам, Бачин эрдэнэ, Жавзандамба хутагт, Жангиa (Жанжа) хутагт зэрэг дөрвөн их хутагт хувилгааны төрөл арилжих системийн бүрэлдсэн түүхэн явцыг хураангуйлан өгүүлэхээр дамжуулан, Монголын гэгээн хувилгааны төрөл арилжих дүрмийн түүхийн хэдэн асуудлыг задлан шинжилж, гэгээн хувилгааны төрөл арилжих тухай үзэл санаа ба үйлдэлгээ бол бурхны шашны түүхэн дэх номын суурийг залгамжлуулах ба шашны аймаг бүлгүүдийн хоорондох эрх ашгийн тэмцэлдээний хэрэгцээнээс бий болсон гэх үзлийг дэвшүүлэв.
ШИНЭ ШАШНЫ ХӨДӨЛГӨӨНИЙГ СУДЛАХ АРГА ЗҮЙН ХОЁР ХАНДЛАГЫН ТУХАЙД
Authors: Ж Алтайбаатар
Published: June 2024

Орчин үеийн шашин судлалын салбарын нэгэн онцгой судлагдахуун бол шинэ шашны хөдөлгөөн юм. Шашин өөрчлөгдөж буй хэлбэр үү, эсвэл гажуудаж байгаагийн илрэл үү гэсэн асуултад хэрхэн хариулж байгаагаас энэ төрлийн шашныг хэрхэн судлах арга зүйн хандлага нь тодорно. Энэ өгүүлэлд уг шашныг судлах нийгэм, социологийн хандлага болон теологи, сэтгэл зүйн хандлагын тухай өгүүлэх бөгөөд арга зүйн аль хандлагыг судалгаанд баримтлах тухай судлаач саналаа дэвшүүлсэн болно.
АЗ ЖАРГАЛ БОЛОН САЙН ҮЙЛИЙН ТУХАЙ АРИСТОТЕЛИЙН ҮЗЭЛ БАРИМТЛАЛ БА ОРЧИН ҮЕ
Authors: Р Дарьхүү , В Мөнх-Уянга
Published: June 2024

Энэхүү өгүүлэлдээ тухайн цаг үеийнхээ мэдлэгийн нэвтэрхий толь болж байсан Аристотель ёс зүйн сэтгэлгээний талбарт ч нэрт сэтгэгч байсан бөгөөд тэрээр аз жаргал болон сайн үйл гэж юу болох тухай, хүний амьдралын зорилго бол аз жаргалтай амьдрах явдал бөгөөд аз жаргалтай амьдрахын тулд сайн сайхан зүйлд тэмүүлж, сайн үйл хийх ёстой гэсэн үзэл санааг ёс зүйн асуудлаар бичсэн бүтээлүүддээ хэрхэн тайлбарласан, түүний энэ үзэл баримтлалын орчин үеийн ач холбогдлыг тодорхойлохыг зорилго болгов.
РОЛБИЙДОРЖИЙН “ЖАНЖАА ХУТАГТ” ХЭМЭЭХ ХУВИЛГААН ЦОЛНЫ УЧИР ШАЛТГААНЫ ТУХАЙ
Authors: Б Сайнбилэг
Published: June 2024

In this article, I will shed light on whether Rol-pa’i-rdo-rje was the second or the third reincarnation of Changkya Qutuγtu, and what is the underlying meaning of the “title”. Some researchers claim that Rol-pa’i-rdo-rje was second reincarnation, yet some claim that he was the third reincarnation. Thus, researchers have not reached at the same position regarding Rol-pa’irdo-rje’s title and his reincarnation rank. I assume that distinguishing reincarnate lamas by adding ordinal numbers is a result of research works after nineteenth century. Buddhist high lamas possess multiple names and titles with own stories. All arguments regarding titles should be discussed along with derivation of word, historical background and other incidents. Three Changkyas are branches of the same incarnation lineage. Changkya Grags-pa-‘od-zer could not become popular among Mongolians and Manchu officials; therefore, he could not get an extension to his title “Qutuγtu”. Grags-pa-‘od-zer was recognized with the toponym-title “Changkya”, and his successors preserved his title putting another extension “Qutuγtu”. However, according to the contemporary fashion of research, Rol-pa’i-rdo-rje is the third Changkya due to the title without extension.
Analisis kebutuhan pengembangan media literasi baca tulis berbantuan wordwall untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Santikasari Lela , Apriliya Seni , Alia Dwi
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan pengembangan media literasi baca tulis berbantuan wordwall untuk siswa Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar wawancara dan studi literatur. Penelitian ini melibatkan satu orang Guru kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Jayasari. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri atas tiga tahapan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi (penarikan kesimpulan). Hasil penelitian di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kemampuan literasi baca tulis siswa hanya sebatas membaca dan menulis saja (2) tidak adanya media yang menarik dan interaktif untuk menunjang literasi baca tulis siswa (3) perlu adanya pengembangan media menarik dan interaktif yang dapat menunjang literasi baca tulis siswa. Dengan demikian, tidak adanya media yang dapat menunjang literasi baca tulis siswa berdampak pada kemampuan literasi baca tulis siswa. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya pengembangan media literasi baca tulis yang dapat menarik perhatian siswa dan membuat suasana interaktif bagi siswa sekolah dasar.