bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Convolutional Neural Network with Recurrent Model and Generative Adversarial Networks for Imbalance Classification of Wearable ECG Signal Quality Assessment
Authors: Ma'sum M. Anwar
Published: December 2022

Signal quality assessment is important procedure to assess if a signal can be preprocessed into next step or not. In this study, we proposed an improving of convolutional neural network with recurrent model and generative adversarial network. The experiment shows that enhancing convolutional neural network by using recurrent model or data augmentation via GAN for wearable ECG signal quality assessment is feasible to try. Adding recurrent model to CNN increase its performance by approximately 3% margin in un-augmented dataset. Generating fake samples from “unacceptable” class can enhance CNN performance up to 2% margin. Combination of recurrent model and GAN still not yet matched found. However, It doesn’t mean that the combination is impossible to do.
Peningkatan Kesadartahuan Terhadap Hutan Pantai Nipah Sebagai Habitat Penyu di Desa Malaka Kabupaten Lombok Utara
Authors: Syaputra Maiser , Wulandari Febriana Tri , Wahyuningsih Endah , Anwar Hairil
Published: December 2022

Hutan pantai sebagai habitat Penyu di Desa Malaka tengah menghadapi ancaman akibat aktivitas pembangunan fisik di wilayah tersebut. Keberadaan bangunan fisik di pinggir pantai menyulitkan Penyu untuk naik dan bertelur, selain itu faktor keberadaan manusia, kondisi lampu dan pencahayaan serta kebisingan juga menurunkan peluang naiknya Penyu untuk bertelur. Apabila tidak dikendalikan maka akan berdampak terhadap kelestarian satwa ini. Salah satu jalan keluar dari permasalahan ini adalah peningkatan kesadartahuan masyarakat terhadap hutan pantai melalui kegiatan penyuluhan. Kegiatan penyuluhan dilakukan dengan pendekatan partisipatif menggunakan metode FGD. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah 1. Peserta mendapatkan pengetahuan akan karakteristik habitat peneluran penyu di Pantai Nipah desa Melaka. 2. Pantai Nipah dibagi ke dalam 3 sistem zonasi meliputi zona perlindungan habitat Penyu memiliki komposisi 40 % dari panjang pantai, zona penangkaran sebesar 30% serta zona pemanfaatan terbatas 30%.
The development and validation of environmental literacy instrument based on spirituality for prospective science teachers
Authors: Husamah H. , Suwono Hadi , Nur Hadi , Dharmawan Agus
Published: December 2022

The spiritual (S) aspect needs to be integrated with the environmental literacy instrument (ELI) so that it becomes ELIS. This study was designed to develop and validate an instrument for prospective science teacher in the form of environmental literacy instrument based on literacy (ELIS). The instrument was developed based on previous research findings and focus group discussions involving eleven experts. The factors and internal consistency were examined by involving 634 students/prospective science teachers from various universities in Indonesia. Validity and reliability were tested using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. This study proposes a 26-item ELIS with acceptable internal validity and consistency. It is composed of four dimensions: ecological knowledge (five items), environmental hope (seven items), cognitive skills (eight items), and behavior (six items). The ELIS is recommended as a measure of the development of environmental literacy based on spirituality for prospective science teachers.
Relationships between technical and physical match performance in elite soccer
Authors: Radziminski Lukasz , Szwarc Andrzej , Jastrzebski Zbigniew , Rzeszutko-Belzowska Agata
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential associations between physical and technical match performance and to compare these activities in relation to the match outcome. Materials and methods: The research was based on an analysis of 622 matches of the Polish Ekstraklasa during three consecutive seasons. Such variables as total distance, distance covered in different speed zones, effective playing time, ball possession, number of passes and passing accuracy were taken into account. Results: Effective playing time (Et) was significantly and fairly correlated with total distance (r = 0.39, p < 0.001), ball possession (r = 0.50, p < 0.001), number of passes (r = 0.40, p < 0.001), number of accurate passes (r = 0.43, p < 0.001) and passing accuracy (r = 0.42, p < 0.001). The comparison of the match performance according to the game outcome indicated that the total and sprinting distance covered by winning teams were significantly (p < 0.01) longer than in losing teams (113.3 vs 112.7 km). In turn, the defeated teams had signifi-cantly greater ball possession (28.3 vs 26.4 mins) and performed a larger number of passes (470 vs 428) than the winning teams. Conclusions: Et is one of the factors influencing the physical and technical match performance. Coaches should be aware that their team will have to cover a longer distance when playing against teams that prefer to keep the ball.
CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY: NEW SURGICAL APPROACHES
Authors:   Instituto do Coração (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, F. Lisboa Luiz Augusto , P. Oliveira Marco Antonio ,   Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo,   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein
Published: December 2022

In April 1968, Renee Favaloro published the first series of coronary artery bypass graft surgeries. Over the years since that landmark publication, coronary artery bypass graft sur-gery has been enthusiastically embraced by cardiac surgeons around the world. Currently, according to the most recent data from Brazilian registries and the American database of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, most cardiac surgery procedures in adults are coronary artery bypass graft operations. Over five decades since the first Favaloro procedure, coronary artery bypass graft surgery has witnessed substantial changes and evolution. Continuous technical and technological improvements have made the operation safer and less invasive. Surgeries without cardiopulmonary bypass, by miniaccess, with a greater number of arterial grafts, hybrid revascularization, and surgeries with robotic assistance represent the extreme evolution of the procedure originally described in 1968. All these new techniques share the issue of increasing technique and logistics, and more limited evidence of support and applicability compared to standard operations. However, these techniques have been developed in a safe and less aggressive way, making them more attractive for patients with coronary artery disease who need surgical treatment. In this article, the techniques are reviewed and a summary of different state-of-the-art approaches to coronary artery bypass graft surgery is provided.
STABLE ANGINA IN SPECIAL SITUATIONS: DIABETES
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP, Rizzi Coelho-Filho Otávio , Rizzi Coelho Otávio ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Published: December 2022

In the next two decades, the epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), which is often accompanied by other comorbidities, such as hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia, is expected to affect more than 600 million people. T2DM has a great impact on the survival and quality of life of patients with stable angina, especially in younger patients and in those with multiple comorbidities. Although all T2DM complications are equally relevant, cardio-vascular disease and coronary artery disease (CAD) are especially important, as they are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in this group of patients. Despite the fact that in the last 15 years there has been a significant decline in the rates of acute myocardial infarction, stroke and amputations in patients with T2DM, ischemic complications have reappeared, especially in younger and middle-aged individuals. These data reveal the need for increased attention to the implementation of cardiovascular risk control measures in patients with T2DM, especially in those with established CAD. Thus, in order to improve the survival and quality of life of diabetic patients, the most diverse national and international societies recognize the prevention of vascular ischemic events as one of their main priorities. Although comprehensive strategies to control cardiovascular risk have been shown to be efficient in patients with T2DM, rates of cardiovascular events remain high among these individuals, even with adequate control of modifiable risk factors — as seen in recent clinical studies. This reinforces the need for additional measures to control events in this population. Fortunately, several recent therapeutic strategies have become available in recent years, including advances in anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy, new cholesterol-lowering drugs, and new agents to control blood glucose with potential cardiovascular benefits.This chapter discusses the main therapeutic strategies to be implemented in patients with T2DM and stable angina, in order to optimize the reduction of cardiovascular events, control of symptoms and improvement of quality of life.
STABLE ANGINA IN SPECIAL SITUATIONS: INOCA
Authors:   Instituto do Coração (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,, Oliveira Cascaes Dourado Luciana , Menezes Machado de Mendonça Caio ,   Instituto do Coração (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,, Maluf Auge Renato ,   Instituto do Coração (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,
Published: December 2022

INOCA (ischemia with no obstructive arteries) is a heterogeneous condition clinically characterized by chest pain of ischemic etiology in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease, which imposes significant impairment in quality of life, in addition to an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The mechanisms involved in the onset of symptoms and ischemia are not fully understood and appear to be multifactorial. Coronary microvascular dysfunction and epicardial coronary spasm, either alone or in combination, are well-docu-mented mechanisms. Confirmatory diagnosis can be performed through invasive tests for the characterization of INOCA endotypes, which are microvascular dysfunction and vasos-pasm. However, as it is an invasive evaluation of difficult access and high cost, diagnosis is presumptive in most cases. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach and should be guided by the pathophysiological mechanism involved and aims to improve symptoms, control cardiovascular risk factors, and identify precipitating factors.
STABLE ANGINA IN SPECIAL SITUATIONS: IN REFRACTORY CONDITIONS
Authors:   Instituto do Coração (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,, Oliveira Cascaes Dourado Luciana
Published: December 2022

Refractory angina is a chronic condition that affects an increasing number of patients due to the increased survival of the population with coronary artery disease as a result of therapeutic advances in the area. The presence of limiting angina pectoris that causes loss of quality of life despite optimized clinical treatment, due to myocardial ischemia, in individuals not eligible for conventional coronary artery bypass grafting procedures, characterizes refractory angina. The focus of treatment is the improvement of symptoms, quality of life and psychological morbidity. Multidisciplinary approach in the evaluation and management of patients is of paramount impor-tance. Clinical treatment involves, in addition to fine antianginal pharmacological adjustment, control of associated conditions. In the case of conditions refractory to conventional treatment, alternative therapies are options for symptom improvement. These alternative therapies should be recommended according to local availability and individual clinical characteristics. Mana-gement of patients with refractory angina represents a major clinical challenge.
EXERCISE-BASED CARDIAC REHABILITATION FOR PATIENTS WITH REFRACTORY ANGINA: SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Instituto do Coração (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade deSão Paulo, Paixão Jordão Camila ,   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Oliveira Cascaes Dourado Luciana ,   Instituto do Coração (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade deSão Paulo, Alves de Assumpção Camila Regina ,   Instituto do Coração (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade deSão Paulo, Diniz Nagem Janot de Matos Luciana ,   Instituto do Coração (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade deSão Paulo,   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein
Published: December 2022

Refractory angina (RA) is a chronic clinical condition characterized by angina pectoris, which occurs as a result of myocardial ischemia, unresponsive to conventional medical treatment (i.e. control of cardiovascular risk factors and other clinical conditions, in addition to antianginal drugs), which is not eligible for coronary interventions. Patients with RA evolve with great functional limitation due to pain and consequent loss of quality of life, and their improvement is the focus of treatment. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an adjuvant therapy that effectively promotes secondary prevention in patients with coronary artery disease, but it is rarely prescribed for patients with refractory angina due to concerns about adverse events during exercise, related to triggering ischemia myocardial infarction at low thresholds. In this review, we address the experience obtained with the management of patients with RA in a reference center for the treatment of RA, especially related to exercise-based CR. Some peculiarities in the evaluation and prescription of training in patients with RA and their understanding are important to promote greater safety and efficacy of physical exercise in this population.
CARDIOVASCULAR REHABILITATION BASED ON AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE TRAINING IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC CORONARY SYNDROMES
Authors:   Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Quaglio Bertini Camila , Papa Valéria ,   Hospital de Ribeirão Preto, Crescêncio Julio Cesar ,   Hospital de Ribeirão Preto, Pippa Gadioli Leonardo ,   Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Schmidt André ,   Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Gallo Junior Lourenço ,   Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Marques Fabiana ,   Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto
Published: December 2022

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in Brazil and, among them, coronary artery disease (CAD) was the leading cause of death in the country. CAD includes symptomatic and asymptomatic clinical conditions related to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia, known as angina pectoris, is usually brought on by exertion or emotional stress. Physical exercise has numerous benefits on cardiovascular risk factors and the cardiovascular system, such as improvement in angina through increased myocardial oxygen delivery and increased exercise capacity, an independent predictor of increa-sed survival. Cardiovascular rehabilitation (CVR) based on physical exercises has consistently demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing cardiovascular mortality and hospitalizations in patients with CAD. CVR is recommended for a healthy lifestyle and for managing cardiovascular risk factors by prescribing 30 to 60 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity five or more days a week, and resistance exercise to maintain muscle mass, strength and function two to three days a week. CVR has been recommended as a treatment also for refractory angina. Although CVR has already been considered a feasible and safe therapeutic possibility for these patients, cardiac rehabilitation centers are reluctant to accept patients with angina or complicated cardiovascular history due to fear of adverse events during physical training despite scientifically proven safety.
DENTAL-DENTIST CARE WITH CHRONIC CORONARY DISEASE: A QUICK REVIEW FOR CARDIOLOGISTS AND SURGEONS
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru., Brito Reia Verônica Caroline , Dantas Grossi Letícia ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru., Carvalho dos Santos Tiago ,   Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Ushirobira do Prado Soraia ,   Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo, da Silva Santos Paulo Sérgio ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru.
Published: December 2022

Atherosclerotic plaque buildup in the epicardial arteries is a hallmark of chronic coronary heart failure (CHF). Due to the morbidity, mortality, and economical significance of this condition, it is imperative that people with CHF have an accurate diagnosis as soon as possible and receive cost-effective treatment. In order to handle these patients for dental treatment, the dentist’s and cardiologist’s expertise must be current and they must look for the safest way to approach the patients. The purpose of this article is to provide dentists and cardiologists with information on the best practices for treating patients with CHF who also have dental problems. Methodology: The electronic databases PubMed/Medline®, LILACS®, and Scopus® were searched for an integrated review using the terms “Dental Care for Chronically III AND Coronary disease AND Myocardial Ischemia.” We considered articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish that were fully accessible online between 2000 and 2022 addressing the main consequences of chronic coronary failure and dental care. Results: Ninety-three articles were found in the databases. After screening, seven of them met all the prerequisites and were included in the review. Conclusion: It is critical to provide information to guide dentists and cardiologists in the care of individuals with CHF in order to provide safety in clinical and surgical dental care.
Ethnic and Racial Other in Contemporary South Korean Dramas
Authors:   Hyundai Motor CIS, ZOLOTAIKO OLGA R. , KOSTIUCHENKO ANASTASIIA A. ,   HSE University
Published: December 2022

Every year, the flow of migrants and foreign tourists arriving in South Korea is growing, and the proportion of foreigners appearing in the Korean media is increasing accordingly. However, the acceptance of multiculturalism in Korean society is dilatory since the country has long developed as a monoethnic state. The historical ethnic homogeneity of Korean society contributes to the distortion of how Koreans perceive migrants and foreigners, which is why the image of racial and ethnic minorities is often surrounded by a number of stereotypes that affect the way they are perceived in real life. Existing works on this topic are devoted to the representation of migrants, foreigners, and non-ethnic Koreans in various types of media content, but the ethnic scene of contemporary Korean dramas remains largely unexplored. At the same time, dramas occupy one of the most significant places in the cultural life of the Korean people: they serve as an agent of socialization and as a tool for the formation of values and stereotypes in Korean society. The otherness of ethnic and racial Others is constructed through various strategies of alienation, including depersonification, fragmentation, fetishization, exoticization, pathologization, and homogenization. In this study, we explore the ethnoscape of modern South Korean dramas, highlight such strategies, and identify the main features of the representation of racial and ethnic minorities in them. For these purposes, we analyze the two dramas—Descendants of the Sun (2016) and Itaewon Class (2020)—for the representation of the ethnic and racial Other, and identify the general representation strategies. This work also seeks to detect the dynamics of changes in the representation of ethnic minorities in South Korean media.
The image of a “Special” Tree and its Transformation in the Space of a South Korean TV Series
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, TARASOVA ALEKSANDRA V.
Published: December 2022

The article examines how the image of a tree forms and acts in a South Korean TV series. Formally being part of a shooting location, a tree often appears in scenes that add to it connotation; it is such scenes that become the object of my analysis. A short insight into the history of Korean culture outlines the features of the cult of trees and demonstrates the peculiarities existing in the perception of the image of a tree in literary works. Notable here are the tradition of worshipping tree spirits and trees as such; the connection of trees with the souls of the deceased; the mix of motifs of different origin (including Buddhist ones) in the image of a tree; the diversity and flexibility of its interpretations. Further, I address contemporary television series of various genres, mostly fantasy. Most of the examples are united by one particular tree, which, since 2005, has “starred” in more than twenty TV series. An analysis of the scenes in which this and other trees appear shows that we can speak of the serial image of a special tree. At the same time, some characteristics of a sacred tree appear quite regularly: for instance, the connection of trees with the theme of death, the interaction of characters with a tree or a tree spirit, and a tree acting as a protector. Interestingly, these and other motifs prove to be very convenient for recon- textualization. In addition, scenes involving a special tree appeal to the audience’s experience. The intertextual connections formed around the television image of a tree makes it possible to use it as an element of non-verbal communication with viewers.
TV Series in China: The Origin and Development of the Genre (1950s–1990s)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, NESTEROVA ELENA I.
Published: December 2022

In this article, I analyze Chinese TV series as a phenomenon of mass culture; a market product created on the basis of a specific national cultural code under conditions of strict ideological control. The chronological framework of this study is the second half of the 20th century: from the late 1950s, when television appeared and the production of TV drama began in China, to the late 1990s, marked by the creation of a system of supervision and control of the television industry, the transformation of TV drama into a modern format television series, the formation of the major serial genres, and the growth of production and consumption of TV series. Since then, the trend that persists in the 2000s—watching a series as a widespread form of leisure—is becoming noticeable. I examine TV dramas as a product shaped by multidirectional influences. On the one hand, the television market demands that the product be spectacular and entertaining, while on the other hand, TV series are subject to close state control and regulation. The government issues licenses for TV series production, determines priority themes for new series annually, approves a brief synopsis prior to filming, censors the finished series; and establishes national television awards to stimulate the production of “correct content.” The most popular genres in the last quarter of the twentieth century are historical, moral, family, and martial arts dramas. Considering that a series is a formulaic narrative (J. Cawelti), it is these genres that seem to have the maximum number of techniques and possibilities for combining an engaging plot and broadcasting the right message. For example, family, moral series demonstrate socially approved norms of behavior. The wuxia genre represents the uniqueness of Chinese culture and creates a sense of Chineseness. Given the general attitude to history in the Chinese tradition, it is not surprising that historical series occupy a special position, being one of the most important means for the state propagation of the “etatist and paternalistic worldview.” The analyzed historical and cultural material leads me to the conclusion that whatever the viewer watches—a series about the portal travelers or a screen version of the Chinese classics—their attention is offered ideologically safe product, checked by various authorities and spreading meanings that are useful for society and the state.
Pendidikan Agama Kristen yang Membebaskan: Pedagogis Kritis Paulo Freire dalam Konteks Budaya Suku Boti
Authors: Pandie Remegises Danial Yohanis , Sianipar Desi , Naibaho Lamhot
Published: December 2022

Abstract. This paper aimed to propose a liberating construction of Christian Religious Education (CRE). This study departs from research conducted on the Boti ethnic community in Boti Village, South Central Timor District. The Christians in the Boti community are still treated as adherents of foreign religions, whose existence is considered a threat to local culture. This fact makes Christians there unable to contribute optimally to the development of the local community. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. Conducted by Paulo Freire's thinking about critical pedagogy, it is obtained a CRE construction that is relevant to the social situation of society. CRE must be contextual, holistic, liberative and transformative by directing all resources and pedagogical efforts to produce a generation that is critical and dialogical; they have sensitivity, solidarity, and ability to analyze social issues.Abstrak. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah mengusulkan konstruksi Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) yang membebaskan. Kajian ini berangkat dari penelitian yang dilakukan pada masyarakat Suku Boti di Desa Boti, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan. Umat Kristiani di masyarakat Boti masih diperlakukan sebagai penganut agama asing, yang keberadaannya dianggap mengancam budaya lokal. Kenyataan tersebut membuat umat Kristiani di sana tidak dapat memberikan konstribusi secara maksimal bagi kemajuan masyarakat setempat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Dengan menggunakan bantuan pemikiran Paulo Freira tentang pedagogis kritis, diperoleh hasil suatu konstruksi PAK yang relevan situasi sosial masyarakat. PAK harus bersifat kontekstual, holistik, liberatif dan transformatif dengan mengarahkan segala daya dan upaya pedagogis agar menghasilkan generasi yang kritis, dialogis, memiliki kepekaan dan solidaritas kemanusiaan, dan memiliki kemampuan menganalisis masalah-masalah sosial.
Erilaiset taide- ja luontotoimijat innostamassa ja tukemassa osallisuutta
Authors: Vapalahti Kati , Hokkanen Laura , Juhola Jatta
Published: December 2022

Tämän artikkelin tavoite on tuottaa tietoa taide- ja luontotoimijoista osallisuudentukijoina. Haastattelimme 11 sosiaali-, terveys- ja kasvatusalojen toimijaa, jotka sovelsivat käytäntöön Parasta Etelä-Savoon -hankkeen yhteiskehittämispajoissakehittämiään taide- ja luontomenetelmiä. Haastatteluissa haimme vastausta siihen, miten nämä taide- ja luontotoimijat arvioivat käyttämiensä menetelmien lisänneen toimintoihin osallistuneiden osallisuutta. Lisäksi olimme kiinnostuneita siitä, miten he kuvasivat omaa työtään ja työtapaansa. Kaikilla toimijoilla näytti olevan samansuuntainen orientaatio organisoidessaan demokraattista, arvostavaa ja turvallista toimintaa. Heillä oli rohkeutta kokeilla uusia työtapoja. Löysimme orientaatioista myös tyypillisiä eroja, jotka koottiin viideksi taide- ja luontotoimijatyypiksi. Toimijatyyppien tarkastelun kautta voidaan pohtia sosiaali-, terveys- ja kasvatusalan työn kehittämistä sosiokulttuurisen innostamisen suuntaan. Tämä artikkeli tarjoaa yhden näkökulman siihen, kuinka taide- ja luontotoimintaa voidaan toteuttaa eri tavoin ja erilaisista lähtökohdista.
“Noi giovani”. Costruzioni narrative e immaginario collettivo sui giovani tra Settecento e Novecento
Authors: Battista Ermanno
Published: December 2022

At the end of the eighteenth century, on the influence of Rousseau’s production, and thanks to that series of social transformations that are at the basis of the birth of bourgeois society, a new social category appears on the public scene, that of the “young”, which since then it will be decisive and at the center of every theory and public discourse. Constructed and imagined by literature, during the nineteenth century the figure of the “young man” was consolidated and built around some paradigms: self-affirmation, the – often violent – contrast with the generation of fathers, the need to impose himself as hero and rejection of the adult world. The present essay traces these characteristic traits of the construction of the image of youth through some of the main literary contributions of the time, up to the First World War: the Great War marks, in fact, for the category of “youth” the passage from myth to history.
La comunità lesbica nell’Europa tra le due guerre mondiali e il caso di Radclyffe Hall
Authors: Marcarelli Antonia
Published: December 2022

The Well of Loneliness, Radclyffe Hall’s most famous and most discussed novel, is considered one of the pillars of lesbian literature and historiography. In the same year of its publication, 1928, it undergoes a trial in England for obscenity because it was considered an “obscene libel” and was immediately censored as the first novel to deal openly with desire between women.
The Well of Loneliness is an emblematic text and its story is exemplary for the understanding of that attempt to remove lesbianism in a patriarchal and heteronormative society. The aim is to draw a general picture of the construction of lesbian identity and its (in)visibility in the public space in the first half of the twentieth century, in particular between the twenties and thirties, trying to analyze the cultural, social and medico-legal framework in which Radclyffe Hall, Lesbian Identity and The Well of Loneliness are inserted.
“IT COULD HAVE BEEN OTHERWISE”: HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN STATE AS INTERPRETED BY B. AKUNIN
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Snigireva Tatyana A. ,   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the RAS, Snigirev Alexey V. ,   Ural State Law University
Published: December 2022

The article examines B. Akunin’s project “History of the Russian State” in the aspect of historiosophical concept of the writer, implemented both in historical volumes and in a series of artistic accompaniments to them. It is shown that the project is generally characterized by the special modality of the possible, but not accomplished, the constant articulation of failure’s significance, the specific author’s intonation related to the constant feeling of a missed choice of a more successful historical path. In the writer’s historical narrative, the space of unrealized possibilities is explained both by the special geographical position of the country and by the psychological and even psychophysiological oddities of the main history figures. In artistic applications the author’s optics are changing. If the method of psychological deciphering becomes the dominant technique in historical volumes, then in fiction accompaniments the emphasis is on demonstrating the role of chance and occasionality in formation and development of the Russian state. It is realized by the technique of retroprognostication, forcing the reader to remember (not without disappointment) that history does not know the conjunctive mood.
THE 1873 TREATIES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE WITH THE KHANATE OF KHIVA AND THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA: A HISTORICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Pochekaev Roman Yu.
Published: December 2022

The article devoted to specific features of relations of the Russian Empire with the Emirate of Bukhara and the Khanate of Khiva on the base of treaties signed in 1873, which are considered to fix the status of these Central Asian polities as Russian protectorates. The author examined preconditions of signing of these treaties, analyses the treaties of Russia with Khiva and Bukhara, gives a formal legal characterization of their form and content. The article is an attempt to explain the reasons of including by Russian authors in these treaties of specific statements which were to provide the control of the Russian Empire under the policy of the khanates in different areas as well as further practical implementation of these statements. Sometimes these reasons are not so obvious and it makes the author analyze not only literal sense of treaties, but also their “spirit”, i. e. implication within the context of Russo-Bukharan and Russo-Khivan relations before and after the establishment of the protectorate. The analysis of historical sources (legal acts, another official documents, contemporary testimonies, periodicals) and the results of previously made research allows the author to conclude that relations of the Russian Empire with authorities of Bukhara and Khiva were a complex of activities within the policy of the frontier modernization with due regard for specific features of political-legal and social-economical position of the khanates and intricate international situation as well as contradictions of different authorities in the Russian Empire itself.
ROCK ART AND LIFE IN THE SHAKHTY ROCK-SHELTER (EASTERN PAMIR)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the RAS, Zotkina Lydia V. , Abolonkova Irina V. ,   Scientific-exposition department оf Kuzbass Museum-Reserve “Tomskaya Pisanitsa”, Kurbanov Redzhep N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University; Institute of Geography RAS, Malikov Dmitry G. ,   V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the RAS, Marchenko Daria V. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the RAS, Shnaider Svetlana V. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the RAS, Sayfulloev Nuritdin N. ,   Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences in the name of A. Donish of the Republic of Tajikistan
Published: December 2022

The Shakhty rock-shelter is the most famous rock art site in the Eastern Pamir. It was discovered and thoroughly studied by V. A. Ranov in 1958. After a long break, the research was resumed only in 2019. The article highlights the results of the studies, which included field observations on the site and work with the V. A. Ranov’s collection, stored in the Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography named after A. Donish of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan. In addition to previously discovered and described by V. A. Ranov zoomorphic and anthropomorphic images, thanks to modern methods of rock paintings analysis, several more figures were identified, details of previously known images were clarified, including important for their attribution and interpretation. Based on the new data on the site, an attempt was made to date the images. For the lithic artifacts discovered during the V. A. Ranov’s excavations in the Shakhty rock-shelter typological and use-wear analyses were carried out. Based on the diary records of V. A. Ranov, we restored the planigraphic data. The combined application of these techniques has made it possible to localize some artifacts used in various operations, as well as to relate these data to images on the wall of the rock-shelter.
DOES GOD PLAY DICE? THE SPIELRAUM PRINCIPLE AS AN APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF PROBABILISTIC PLOTS IN FICTION
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Golovashina Oksana V. ,   Derzhavin State University
Published: December 2022

The article considers the principle of ranges (Spielraum) of J. von Kries and its interpretation by M. Weber to analyze the eventual plots in fiction. It draws upon the works of Russian authors, referred to the genre of alternative history. In the first step, the author, analyzing the approaches to the study of probabilistic plots, notes that, thanks to the works of researchers, probabilistic plots began to be considered on the basis of their own logic, and alternativity was justified as a manifestation of objective relations of reality. The application of new methodological tools and the inclusion of fiction stories into the source circulation, in the author’s opinion, will increase interest in this topic and will contribute to the resolution of some methodological problems. The author addresses J. von Kries’s Spielraum principle, which is interpreted as a range of objective possibilities of a hypothesis or event. Thanks to the adaptation of this tool to the historical knowledge by M. Weber, it is possible to analyze what the emerged or imposed patterns of different choices that create such consequences are. This involves comparing the causal components of a historical episode that are actually present with a fictional course of events where one or more components are imagined to be absent, and comparing it with some ideal type. Applying this interpretation to the analysis of probabilistic plots in fiction makes it possible to: 1) show and substantiate the subjectivity of the researcher’s view; 2) consider the possibilities of developing an “interpretive history”; and 3) evaluate the role of works of fiction as a source for analyzing the dynamics of historical consciousness.
Fungicide resistance of Microdochium nivale strains and its interconnection with virulence
Authors: Murzagulova G. Sh. , Meshcherov A. R. , Gogoleva O. A. , Ponomarev S. N. , Ponomareva M. L. , Gorshkov V. Yu.
Published: December 2022

The aim of the study was to analyze the resistance of 21 Microdochium nivale strains (fungi that cause pink snow mold in winter crops), living within a single area and a single crop (winter rye), to fungicides that differ in chemical nature and mechanisms of action as well as to test the interconnection between levels of virulence and fungicide resistance of strains. The virulence of M. nivale strains was determined on detached leaves of rye (Ogonek variety) plants as well as on whole plants grown under sterile conditions in vitro. The resistance of strains to fungicides (Provisor (a.s. azoxystrobin) and Ferazim (a.s. carbendazim)) was determined by inhibition of mycelium growth. As a result of the experiments, more strains (13) capable of growing in the presence of Provisor were revealed than Ferazim-resistant strains (2); however, Ferazim-resistant strains had a greater level of resistance (5-16% of growth inhibition) than Provisor-resistant strains (63-94 % of growth inhibition). A negative correlation (Spearman's correlation coefficient -0.604 and -0.532) between the level of virulence of M. nivale strains and the level of their susceptibility to Provisor was found. This evidently means that the acquisition of resistance to Provisor by M. nivale strains is accompanied by an increase in their virulence. No correlations were found between the fungicide resistance of M. nivale strains and their attribution to one or another phylogenetic group, to which the strains were assigned based on the nucleotide sequence of the ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer 2) region. The study shows that for choosing the fungicide application strategy, it is necessary to analyze phytopathogen populations for the presence of strains that are simultaneously characterized by high virulence and resistance to various fungicides and also take into account that the adaptation of fungi to certain fungicides can be accompanied by an increase in their virulence, which will negatively affect the phytopathological state of agrocenosis.
Study of the composition of potatoes by agronomic traits determining its suitability for industrial processing
Authors: Semenova A. V. , Goldstein V. G. , Degtyarev V. A. , Morozova A. A. , Koroleva A. K.
Published: December 2022

The study of biochemical quality indicators of 26 new potato hybrids was carried out in order to determine the ones mostly suitable for processing into starch and potato products and for use as table variety. An express method was used to determine dry matter (DM), Evers method was used to determine the total starch content of tubers, the polarimetric method and a glucometer test were used to determine reducing sugars, glycoalkaloids and inorganic phosphorus were determined by spectrophotometric method. There have been selected 5 hybrids suitable for industrial processing and as a source material for breeding. One potato hybrid with 25,06 % content of DM, more than 18,22 % of starch met the requirements for potatoes used for processing into starch and starch products; another potato hybrid can be recommended for the production of fried potato products according to the parameters: DM – 22.40 % starch – 16.18 %, reducing sugars – 0.23 %, glycoalkaloids – 62,0 mg/kg. Three of the studied hybrids with the content of DM of more than 22 %, starch not less than 16%, reducing sugars 0.2-0.4 % and glycoalkaloids 60-126 mg / kg may be used for the production of other types of potato products. The rest of the hybrids can only be recommended for use as table potatoes. The relationship between indicators affecting the quality of potato products has been revealed. Correlations were established between the mass fractions of: dry matter and starch in the tuber (r = 0.98) – high correlation; reducing sugars and glycoalkaloids (r = 0.68); tuber dry matter and glycoalkaloids (r = 0.59); dry matter and glucose (r = -0.61); starch and glucose (r = -0.58) – average correlations. It has been established that the mass fraction of reducing sugars and the direction of rotation of the plane of polarization of light by sugars change non-linearly under different temperature conditions of sample storage.
Use of R. carthamoides in feeding black-and-white cattle heifers
Authors: Zhdanova I. N. , Morozkov N. A.
Published: December 2022

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of feeding doses of vitamin-herbal flour made of the green mass of R. carthamoides on the growth dynamics and biochemical composition of the blood of young cattle. The studies were carried out in 2022 at the dairy complex of Sokolovo LLC (Perm Krai). The objects of the study were replacement heifers of the Holsteinized Black-and-White breed at the age of 12-15 months. For 92 days, heifers of I and II experimental groups were additionally fed vitamin-herbal flour made of R. carthamoides in the dose of 150 and 300 g per head per day as part of the main diet. The use of nitrogen from the incoming and from the digested one was more in heifers of the I and II experimental groups by 0.74-1.09 %abs. (p < 0.05) and 2.17-3.64% abs. (p < 0.01) compared with the control group. At the age of 15 months, heifers of I and II experimental groups in terms of live weight exceeded the animals of the control group by 2.80 and 18.20 kg (p < 0,001) by asbsolute gain by 4.86 and 11.61% respectively. At the end of the experimental period, in the blood serum of heifers of the II experimental group, where the maximum dose of vitamin-herbal flour was used, the content of total protein increased by 11.43 %, albumin ‒ by 14.01 %, carotene - by 28.57 %, the level of reserve alkalinity ‒ by 18.01 %. In all cases, the difference with the control was confirmed statistically (p < 0.05-0.001). Thus, the studies carried out testify to some bioavailability of vitamin-herbal flour and its positive effect on the physiological state of experimental animals, which consists of the normalization of metabolism and improvement of biochemical parameters of blood, which makes it possible to recommend introducing vitamin-herbal flour made of R. carthamoides into the diets of young cattle at the rate of 300 g per head per day.
Reproductive ability of cows of domestic dairy breeds with different allelic variants of the leptin gene
Authors: Lemyakin A. D. , Tyazhchenko A. N. , Sabetova K. D. , Chaitsky A. A. , Shchegolev P. O. , Korolev A. A.
Published: December 2022

Conducting genetic studies of domestic local breeds of cattle is relevant due to the fact that they are carriers of valuable economic traits and have a high adaptive ability to local conditions. The aim of the research is to study the association of polymorphic variants of the leptin gene with the reproductive ability of cattle of the Kostroma, Black-and-White and Yaroslavl breeds bred in the Kostroma region. Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using HRM analysis. It was found that in the Kostroma and Yaroslavl breeds, the AV genotype (0.546 and 0.452, respectively) had the highest frequency for the LEP-A80V locus, and the AA genotype (0.550) in the Black-and-White breed. In terms of polymorphism Y7F of the leptin gene, the YY genotype prevailed among animals of all the studied breeds of cows. For the LEP-R25C locus, the highest frequency of occurrence was recorded in individuals with the RC genotype (0.486), while in cattle of the Yaroslavl and Black-and-White breeds, the RR genotype (0.690 and 0.483, respectively). However, no statistically significant differences were found in terms of reproductive ability between cows of different genotypes for the leptin gene. There is reason to believe that in cattle of the Kostroma breed the desired genotype is AV, in Yaroslavl cattle it is AA (LEP-A80V), and in Black-and-White cattle it is RR (LEP-R25C). The observed tendencies towards the presence of higher reproductive qualities in the carriers of the LEP-A80VA and LEP-R25CR alleles in the studied cattle breeds are confirmed by the studies of other authors. Therefore, the study of the effect of leptin gene polymorphism on the reproductive abilities of cows of domestic dairy breeds must be continued with the involvement of a significantly larger number of animals.
The influence of Holstein crossbreeding on the reproductive qualities of Black-and-White cows
Authors: Titova S. V.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the research was to study the main indicators of the reproductive ability of Black-and-White cows, depending on the proportion of Holstein genes. As the material for the research there were taken the data of breeding and zootechnical records of cows of Black-and-White breed of CJSC Semenovsky Breeding Plant of the Mari El Republic. The results of the research showed that with an increase in the proportion of thorough-bredness on the Holstein breed the reproductive ability of cows improved. Thus, the first-calf heifers with a low proportion of Holstein genes (up to 12.5 %) had the latest age of the first fruitful insemination and the first calving (21.9 months and 32.3 months). With an increase in thorough-bredness up to 87.6 % and more, the age for the first insemination decreased by 7.7 months (31.8 %), the age of the first calving - by 7.4 month (21.8 %), fertility index increased by 5.8 (14.6 %). At the same time, the duration of the service period in high-blooded animals increased by 18.8-26.4 days (15.8-23.8 %). The duration of the calving interval in all genetic groups exceeded the optimal time and changed in accordance with the change in the service period. The longest calving interval was in cows with the thorough-bredness degree of 87.6 % (13.8 months), which was 0.1-0.7 months longer than in animals of other genetic groups. There was a low coefficient of reproductive ability of the studied animals of all genetic groups ‒ 0.91-0.93. The significant influence of Holstein genes on the age for the first fruitful insemination (ɳ2 = 9.57 %), the first calving (ɳ2 = 8.80 %) and the fertility of cows (ɳ2 = 1.98 %) (P≤0.05) was established. The effect of the genotype on the duration of the service period and calving interval was weak (ɳ2 = 0.09 % and ɳ2 = 0.26 %) and unreliable.