bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lymphatic muscle cells contribute to dysfunction of the synovial lymphatic system in inflammatory arthritis in mice
Authors: Liang Qianqian , Zhang Li , Xu Hao , Li Jinlong , Chen Yan , Schwarz Edward M. , Shi Qi , Wang Yongjun , Xing Lianping
Published: January 2021

Background. Our previous studies reveal that impaired draining function of the synovial lymphatic vessel (LV) contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood.Objective. To investigate the involvement of lymphatic muscle cells (LMCs) in mediating impaired LV function in inflammatory arthritis. Methods. TNF transgenic (TNF-Tg) arthritic mice were used. Structure and function of the LVs that drained the hind limbs were examined by whole-mount immunofluorescence staining, electron microscopy, and near-infrared lymphatic imaging. Primary LMCs were treated with TNF, and the changes in proliferation, apoptosis, and functional gene expression were assessed. The roles of the herbal drug, Panax Notoginseng Saponins (PNS), in arthritis and LVs were studied.Results. TNF-Tg mice developed ankle arthritis with age, which was associated with abnormalities of LVs: 1) dilated capillary LVs with few branch points; 2) mature LVs with reduced LMC coverage and draining function; 3) degenerative and apoptotic appearance of LMCs. TNF caused LMC apoptosis, reduced expression of muscle functional genes, and promoted the production of nitric oxide (NO) by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). PNS attenuated arthritis, restored LMC coverage and draining function of mature LVs, inhibited TNF-mediated NO expression, and reduced LMC apoptosis. Conclusion. The impaired draining function of LVs in TNF-Tg mice involves LMC apoptosis. TNF promotes LMC death directly and indirectly via NO production by LECs. PNS attenuates arthritis, improves LVs, and prevents TNF-induced LMC apoptosis by inhibiting NO production of LECs. LMCs contribute to the dysfunction of synovial LVs in inflammatory arthritis.
Methods to investigate intrathecal adaptive immunity in neurodegeneration
Authors: Oh Hamilton , Leventhal Olivia , Channappa Divya , Henderson Victor W. , Wyss-Coray Tony , Lehallier Benoit , Gate David
Published: January 2021

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provides basic mechanical and immunological protection to the brain. Historically, analysis of CSF has focused on protein changes, yet recent studies have shed light on cellular alterations. Evidence now exists for involvement of intrathecal T cells in the pathobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. However, a standardized method for long-term preservation of CSF immune cells is lacking. Further, the functional role of CSF T cells and their cognate antigens in neurodegenerative diseases are largely unknown.Results: We present a method for long-term cryopreservation of CSF immune cells for downstream single cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing (scRNA-TCRseq) analysis. We observe preservation of CSF immune cells, consisting primarily of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. We then utilize unbiased bioinformatics approaches to quantify and visualize TCR sequence similarity within and between disease groups. By this method, we identify clusters of disease-associated, antigen-specific TCRs from clonally expanded CSF T cells of patients with neurodegenerative diseases.Conclusions: Here, we provide a standardized approach for long-term storage of CSF immune cells. Additionally, we present unbiased bioinformatic approaches that will facilitate the discovery of target antigens of clonally expanded T cells in neurodegenerative diseases. These novel methods will help improve our understanding of adaptive immunity in the central nervous system.
Lymphocyte subset alterations with disease severity, imaging manifestation, and delayed hospitalization in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Wu Daxian , Wu Xiaoping , Huang Jiansheng , Rao Qunfang , Zhang Qi , Zhang Wenfeng
Published: January 2021

Background: COVID-19 continuously threated public health heavily. Present study aimed to investigate the lymphocyte subset alterations with disease severity, imaging manifestation, and delayed hospitalization in COVID-19 patients.Methods: Lymphocyte subsets was classified using flow cytometry with peripheral blood collected from 106 patients.Results: Multivariate logistic regression showed that chest tightness, lymphocyte count, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were the independent predictors for severe COVID-19. The T cell, CD4+ T cell and B cell counts in severe patients were significantly lower than that in mild patients (p = 0.004, 0.003 and 0.046, respectively). Only the T cell count was gradually decreased with the increase of infiltrated quadrants of lesions in computed tomography (CT) (p = 0.043). The T cell, CD4+ T cell, and CD8+ T cell counts were gradually decreased with the increase of infiltrated area of the maximum lesion in CT (p = 0.002, 0.003, 0.028; respectively). The T cell count, as well as CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, and NK cell counts were gradually decreased with the increased delayed hospitalization (p = 0.003, 0.002, 0.013, and 0.012; respectively). The proportion of T cell was gradually decreased but B cell was gradually increased with the increased delayed hospitalization (p = 0.031 and 0.003, respectively).Conclusion: T cell and CD4+ T cell counts negatively correlated with disease severity, CT manifestation and delayed hospitalization. CD4+ T cell was mainstay of immunity response in COVID-19 patients.
Association between Colic and sleep problems in infancy and subsequent development, emotional and behavioral problems: A Longitudinal study
Authors: Valla Lisbeth , Småstuen Milada Cvancarova , Andenæs Randi , Misvær Nina , Olbjørn Christine , Helseth Sølvi
Published: January 2021

Background: Sleep and colic problems in infancy have been linked to adverse health outcome, but there is limited knowledge of the association between sleep and colic problems in infancy and subsequent development, emotional and behavior problems in young children. The aim of the present study was to examine whether there is an associations between infants’ crying and sleep problems at 6 months and behavioral and development problems at 18 months, 3 and 5 years Methods: This study is based on the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa),conducted at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health from June 1999 to December 2008. A total of 86,724 children were included. Colic and sleep (sleep duration, nocturnal awakenings and easy to put to bed) was assessed by mother-reports. Z-scores were used to assess differences between groups of children (e.g. having colic or not, having a sleep problem or not). Emotional and behavioral problems were measured with items from the Child Behavior Checklist. Development problems were measured with items from The Ages and Stages Questionnaire. Results: Infants with colic scored significantly lower on development at 5 years (B=-0.10, CI [-0.14 to - 0.06]) and higher on internalizing problems both at 3years (B=0.15 .CI [0.11 to 0.18] ) and 5 years ( B=0.17 .CI [0.12 to 0.21] ) than the reference population. Children who awoke frequently and were more difficult to put to bed at 6 months scored significantly lower on development at 18 months and 3 and 5 years, and higher on internalizing behavior problems at 3 and 5 years (B=0.18 and B=0.16).Children with shorter sleep duration at 6 months had more internalizing behavior problems at 3 years (B=0.14. CI [0.07 to 0.21]) and 5 years (B=0.15 .CI [0.05 to 0.25]) than the reference population.Conclusions: Colic and sleep problems early in life should be taken into account as risk factors for development and behavioral problems within the first five years of a child’s life.
Colonoscopy Screening for Colon Polyps: Can It Be Useful at an Earlier Age for Preventing Malignant Transformation?
Authors: Aydin Muhammet Fatih , Aydin Mehmet Akif
Published: January 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether colonoscopy screening should be performed at an earlier age than specified in the current guidelines.Methods: Data of 1882 patients who presented to the gastroenterology clinic of our hospital and underwent colonoscopy were retrospectively evaluated. Polyps detected during colonoscopy were excised and sent to the pathology laboratory for histopathological examination. Patients were divided into two groups as <45 yo and ≥45 yo and the data were compared between the groups. Results: The most common indications for colonoscopy were found as abdominal pain in 40.6% of the patients, rectal bleeding in 18.6%, constipation in 14.2%, anemia in 10.5%, diarrhea in 3.1%, and other reasons in 6.8%. The rate of polyps was statistically significantly higher in ≥45 yo patients (43.3%) compared to <45 yo patients (32.1%). The rate of neoplastic polyps was statistically significantly higher in the ≥45 yo group compared to the <45 yo group. The most common localizations of polyps were rectum and sigmoid colon in all age groups.Conclusion: Based on our findings, we believe that the onset age of screening for colon polyps should be 45 years as recommended by the updated guidelines. Also, colonoscopy screening should be performed in young adults without alarm symptoms who present with lower gastrointestinal complaints.
Aquaporin 3 promotes human extravillous trophoblast migration and invasion
Authors: Nong Yingqi , Li Shifen , Liu Wenjuan , Zhang Xiqian , Fan Lin , Chen Ye , Huang Qianwen , Zhang Qianyu , Liu Fenghua
Published: January 2021

Problem: Does aquaporin 3 (AQP3) affect the migration and invasion of human extravillous trophoblast (HTR8/Svneo) cells?Method of Study: A lentivirus infection system was used to construct stable cell lines with either AQP3 knockdown or overexpression. RT-PCR and western blotting were used to verify the efficiencies of AQP3 knockdown or overexpression in HTR8/Svneo cells at mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry assays were used to detect the influence of AQP3 knockdown or overexpression on proliferation and apoptosis of HTR8/Svneo cells. In addition, wound healing and Transwell invasion assays were used to detect the effects of AQP3 knockdown or overexpression on migration and invasion capabilities of HTR8/Svneo cells. An Agilent gene chip was used to screen for significant differentially expressed genes after AQP3 knockdown. Finally, mechanisms by which AQP3 influences the migration and invasion of HTR8/Svneo cells were explored using bioinformatic analysis.Results: Compared with controls, migration and invasion capabilities of HTR8/Svneo cells were significantly reduced after AQP3 knockdown, and significantly increased after AQP3 overexpression. Subsequent bioinformatic analysis of gene chip expression profiles indicated downregulation of genes related to adhesion such as PDGF-B, as well as signaling pathways (such as PIK3/AKT, NF-κB, and TNF) after AQP3 knockdown. Conclusions: AQP3 could significantly promote migration and invasion capabilities of human extravillous trophoblasts, it may mediate embryo invasion and adhesion to endometrium by regulating PDGF-B, PIK3/AKT signaling pathways, although this requires further verification.
Efficient production of human growth factors in Escherichia coli by fusing with small protein 6HFh8
Authors: Kim Young Su , Lee Hye-Jeong , Han Man-ho , Yoon Nam-kyung , Kim Yeu-chun , Ahn Jung-Oh
Published: January 2021

Background: Growth factors (GFs) are signaling proteins that affect cellular processes such as growth, proliferation, and differentiation. GFs are used as cosmeceuticals, exerting anti-wrinkle, anti-aging, and whitening effects, and also as pharmaceuticals to treat wounds, growth failure, and oral mucositis. However, in mammalian and bacterial cells, low productivity and expression in inclusion bodies, respectively, of GFs does not satisfy the consumer demand. Here, we aimed to develop a bacterial expression system that produces high yields of soluble GFs that can be purified in their native forms.Results: We present Fh8, an 8-kDa peptide from Fasciola hepatica with an N-terminal hexa-histidine (6HFh8), as a fusion partner for enhanced human GF production in recombinant Escherichia coli. The fusion partner harboring a tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease cleavage site was fused to the N-terminus of 10 human GFs: acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (aFGF and bFGF, respectively), epidermal growth factor (EGF), human growth hormone (hGH), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165), keratinocyte growth factor 1 (KGF-1), placental growth factor (PGF), stem cell factor (SCF), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1). The fusion proteins were expressed in E. coli under the control of T7 promoter at three temperatures (25 °C, 30 °C, and 37 °C). All individual fusion proteins, except for SCF and TIMP-1, were successfully overexpressed in cytoplasmic soluble form at more than one temperature. Further, the original aFGF, IGF-1, EGF, and VEGF165 proteins were cleaved from the fusion partner by TEV protease. Five-liter fed-batch fermentation approaches for the 6HFh8-aFGF (lacking disulfide bonds) and 6HFh8-VEGF165 (a cysteine-rich protein) were devised to obtain the target protein at concentrations of 9.7 g/l and 3.4 g/l, respectively. The two GFs were successfully highly purified (>99% purity). Furthermore, they exerted similar cell proliferative effects as those of their commercial equivalents.Conclusions: We demonstrated that 6HFh8-GF fusion proteins could be overexpressed on a g/l scale in the cytoplasm of E. coli, with the GFs subsequently highly purified and maintaining their biological activity. Hence, the small protein 6HFh8 can be used for efficient mass-production of various GFs.
Generowanie MostkÓW Disiarczkowych W BiaŁKach – RÓŻNorodnoŚĆ Strukturalna I Funkcjonalna BiaŁEk Dsba
Authors: Banaś Anna Marta , Petrykowska Anna , Jagusztyn-Krynicka Elżbieta Katarzyna
Published: January 2021

Bacterial proteins of the Dsb (disulfide bond) system catalyze the formation of disulfide bridges, a post-translational modification of extra-cytoplasmic proteins, which leads to stabilization of their tertiary and quaternary structures and often influences their activity. DsbA – Escherichia coli monomeric oxidoreductase is the best studied protein involved in this process. Recent rapid advances in global analysis of bacteria have thrown light on the enormous diversity among bacterial Dsb systems. The set of Dsb proteins involved in the oxidative pathway, varies, depending on the microorganism. In this article we have focused on characterization of structural and phylogenetic groups of monomeric DsbAs. This review discuss their physicochemical features and interactions with redox partners as well as with substrate proteins. The last part of the review concentrates on dimeric oxidoreductases responsible for disulfide generation. Many virulence factors are the substrates of the Dsb proteins. Thus unraveling the machinery that introduces disulfide bonds and expanding knowledge about Dsb protein structures and their activities may facilitate the discovery of an effective anti-bacterial drugs.

1. Introduction. 2. Escherichia coli Dsb system. 2.1. Characteristic of the E. coli thiol oxidoreductase – DsbA. 2.2. Izomerization / reduction pathway proteins. 3. Classification of the monomeric DsbAs. 3.1. Physicochemical features of different classes of DsbAs. 4. DsbA interactions with redox partner and substrates. 4.1. DsbA interactions with redox partner. 4.2. DsbA interactions with substrates. 5. Dimeric Dsb proteins with oxidative activity. 6. Conclusions. 7. References
Bacillus Thuringiensis – Nowy PotencjaŁ Aplikacyjny
Authors: Gęsicka Aleksandra , Henschke Agata , Barańska Zuzanna , Wolna-Maruwka Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

One of essential bacteria used in modern agriculture, in particular because of its ability to eradicate insects, is Bacillus thuringiensis. Cry and Cyt proteins produced by Bt are selective, therefore using those proteins eliminates only larvae of target insects. There are various other known substances produced by Bt bacteria, that may help with further elimination of pests and promoting plant growth. Furthermore, there are attempts being made to use Bt strains in bioremediation of contaminated sites as well as in medicine, especially in combating human and animal pathogens, or cancer cells.

1. Introduction. 2. Characteristics of Bacillus thuringiensis. 3. Virulence factors of Bacillus thuringiensis. 4. Applications of Bacillus thuringiensis in modern agriculture 5. Novel possible applications of Bacillus thuringiensis. 6. Conclusions
Enhanced removal of Cr(VI) using a modified environment-friendly adsorbent
Authors: Liu Shan , Cao Lei , Tian Xincheng , Li Xuanni , Liao Lei , Zhao Chunpeng
Published: January 2021

Chitosan (CS) was modified with ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) and sodium laurylsulfonate (SLS) to prepare the compound adsorbent CS-Fe-SLS. Taking Cr(VI) as the target pollutant, the influence of different factors (solution pH, adsorption time, initial adsorption concentration and coexisting ions) were investigated. The results showed that the optimal pH value was 3.0; the adsorption equilibrium was reached at 120 min, with both physical and chemical process being involved in the adsorption process; the maximum adsorption value was 131.91 mg/g, with the adsorption being both single-layer and multi-layer adsorption; Cl−, and had little effect on adsorption, reduced it and Cu(II) increased it. The characterization results of scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that CS-Fe-SLS and chitosan had different morphological characteristics: in contrast with chitosan, CS-Fe-SLS had a larger volume and more flakes on the surface. CS-Fe-SLS was significantly lower in crystallinity than chitosan, and was more irregular and amorphous in shape, and the experimental results showed that CS-Fe-SLS had better adsorption capacity for Cr(VI). The adsorption Cr(VI) was related to -NH and -OH on the material. Some Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) during the adsorption process.
Benefits of using Blockchain technology as an accounting auditing instrument
Authors: Maervelym Pâmella de Andrade Simões  , Janeide Albuquerque Cavalcanti  , Janaina Ferreira Marques de Melo  , Cristiane Queiroz Reis
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Analyze the possible benefits of using Blockchain technology as a tool for accounting auditing.

Methodology: In order to achieve the objective of this study, a theoretical essay was conducted through a selection of national and international literature on accounting auditing and the potential benefits of Blockchain technology, analyzing the relationship of these potential benefits with the procedures adopted by the accounting auditor.

Results: Findings from the literature show that despite the complexities, Blockchain technology offers an opportunity to improve financial reporting and audit processes. Adoption of this technology may allow auditors to develop procedures to obtain audit evidence directly from Blockchains and to adapt procedures to reap its benefits, as well as address incremental risks and that while the audit process may become more continuous, auditors may They will still have to apply professional judgment in analyzing accounting estimates and other judgments made by management in preparing the financial statements.

Contributions of the Study: It is believed that this work contributes to an active and continuous dialogue regarding the use of Blockchain in audit processes, as well as the knowledge of advantages that this technology offers to professionals, as well as arouse the interest of research on the use of Blockchain technology in accounting auditing.
Institutionalization of management accounting rules and routines in a private educational foundation in Santa Catarina: institutional approach of the Brazilian third sector
Authors: Renícia Maria Innocenti  , Rogério João Lunkes  , Valdirene Gasparetto
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To verify the change of rules and routines of management accounting of a third sector organization in the light of the Old Institutional Economy (OIE).

Methodology: To analyze the institutional change in management accounting, documentary, descriptive and qualitative research was carried out. The research was carried out at a private educational foundation in Santa Catarina, selected for being a member of the third sector and for its accessibility. Data collection took place through interviews and documents, between the months of September 2018 and February 2019. For data analysis, qualitative content analysis was used.

Results: In the institutional approach, the change in management accounting for the Foundation was classified as formal, revolutionary and progressive. The institutionalization of management accounting rules and routines was promoted by the need for management to have more agile and secure tools to support decision making. The rules and routines of management accounting have been modified and / or abandoned, over time, with the reconfiguration of existing practices, for their innovation. The integration of the Foundation’s systems based on the standardization and sharing of accounting and tax information has provided an improvement in the quality of information, better integration with the tax authorities and faster access to information, giving rise to more efficient, safe and useful management controls.

Contributions of the Study: The research contributes to the accounting literature by presenting empirical evidence on the process of institutionalization of management accounting over time, in Brazilian third sector organizations, suggesting new studies. As a practical contribution, there is the possibility of improving the management models of third sector organizations through the understanding of the dynamics used in the process of change in management accounting, by the agents involved.
Novel Mannich Base Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Kotan Gül
Published: January 2021

In this study, 3-alkyl(aryl)-4-(4-ethylbenzylidenamino)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-
ones 2 were synthesized as explained in the literature. Then, the Schiff bases 2 were treated with
morpholine/ N-methylpiperazine/ 3-methylpiperidine/ 4-piperidinecarboxamide in the presence of
formaldehyde according to the Mannich reaction to synthesize novel Mannich bases 3, 4, 5, and 6
types, respectively. The structural analyses of 24 newly synthesized compounds were characterized
using proton/ carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance (1H/ 13C-NMR), Infrared (IR) spectoscopic
techniques. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of the compounds was determined on six bacteria
by using the agar well diffusion method. The most effective results against gram positive and negative
bacteria were observed in 6(a-d) and 6f compounds. Also, the antioxidant capacities of the substances
were investigated by three different methods (DPPH, reducing power, metal chelation). All
compounds 3-6(a-f) showed a metal chelating effect.
The Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Sargassum oligocystum on Toxoplasma gondii In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Asadi Negar , Khademvatan Shahram , Hajipirloo Habib Mohammadzadeh , Heshmatiyan Behnam , Asghari Sadegh , Foroutan Masoud
Published: January 2021

Objective:

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2)
nanoparticles (NPs) and methanolic extract of Persian Gulf brown algae (Sargassum oligocystum)
on the growth and cell death of T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro and in vivo.

Methods:

Six- to eight-week-old female BALB/c mice (n = 28) were used for the treatment experiment
and infected with 105 T. gondii tachyzoites. Four days after treatment, IFN-γ and the levels of
splenic lymphocyte proliferation were measured. All the groups were challenged with T. gondii,
and the survival rate of experimental mice was assessed. The effects of TiO2NPs and S. oligocystum
on the proliferation of T. gondii were evaluated by MTT and annexin V staining in vitro.

Results:

Based on the results, the combination of S. oligocystum extract and TiO2NPs exhibited a
more cytotoxic effect compared to their use separately. The results of the challenge test also revealed
that mice which received combined treatment had the highest life time expectancy than
those receiving the treatment alone.

Conclusion:

The simultaneous use of immunomodulatory compounds for the stimulation of the immune system as well as
S. oligocystum and TiO2NPs with antiparasitic activity can be promising to develop an effective drug for the treatment of
toxoplasmos.
Razões para usuários com depressão da comunidade slowly se envolverem com informação tecnológica
Authors: Camillo Everton da Silva , Valentim Marta Lígia Pomim
Published: January 2021

This research aimed to investigate the reasons for users with depression in the Slowly community to get involved with technological information, starting from two hypotheses: null (H0) and alternative (H1). The survey data were collected by accessing the public testimonials page registered on Slowly's official website, indexed under the term depression. Regarding the methodological procedures, the Categorical Analysis technique of the Content Analysis method was applied. The hypotheses were tested using the chi-square test. The first hypothesis (H0) was not rejected, because users with depression in the Slowly community do not wish to obtain only sentimental support from other members of the community. It concludes with the expectation that future studies shall investigate solutions for people with depression and those more likely to relate to others via the Internet to achieve more life quality. It is also desirable that further studies can investigate the mental health of regular users in virtual/online communities, in order to verify whether there are behavioral-depressive trends in users who are intensely involved with the use and production of technological information in virtual spaces.
Desafios da representação da informação nas plataformas digitais dos arquivos: o caso do arquivo do jornal Público norte
Authors: Ventura Maria Isabel de Almeida
Published: January 2021

It is our goal in this study to analyze, in a first step, what issues of information organization and representation have been most discussed by theorists in the new context of digital platforms (structure of information, archival terminology, extent of information, etc.). Studies showed that the assumptions that have guided the representation of information in digital platforms are traditional normative-instrumental, characteristic of traditional archival finding aids, aimed at describing documents, but they escape the user's understanding. Many of the archival finding aids have migrated to the digital environment without being designed for that purpose. In a second step, we will present the digital platform of the newspaper Público Norte, where user-centered criteria of organization and representation of information have been applied. The starting point of this empirical study was the elaboration of the producer organic-functional study and the representation of his structure and information flow in the AtoM digital platform. For the organic study, a documentary analysis of newspapers published between 1990 and 2006 was made. The organic and structural foundations of the information system were supported by the publishing houses that produced the information. Finally, some criteria of organization and representation of the information centered on the user were applied. The results showed that an user approach was achieved through the selection and simplification of content description and the creation/adaptation of menu tags to user preferences or needs.
Avaliando entidades mencionadas na coleção ELTeC-por
Authors: Santos Diana , Bick Eckhard , Wlodek Marcin
Published: January 2021

Este artigo relata a preparação da anotação da coleção ELTeC-por com entidades mencionadas apropriadas ao género textual "romances e novelas publicadas entre 1840 e 1920", para possibilitar a leitura distante em português.

Em primeiro lugar apresentamos a coleção ELTeC-por, compilada no âmbito da ação COST "Distant Reading for European Literary History" para estudar a literatura europeia, e explicamos as diversas restrições e escolhas necessárias, fornecendo uma caracterização inicial segundo vários eixos: a origem e tamanho das obras, o seu (sub)género literário, o género do autor, o local de publicação e a existência ou não de mais edições.

Em seguida apresentamos o sistema PALAVRAS-NER, com o qual anotaremos a coleção, explicando detalhadamente o seu funcionamento.

Passamos então à descrição da criação de uma subcoleção de oito obras revistas, que servem, por um lado, para avaliar o desempenho do sistema de REM automático, e, por outro, para caracterizar o tipo de população esperada. As obras podem classificar-se segundo dois eixos diferentes: romances históricos vs. romances contemporâneos; e obras com grafia original ou grafia modernizada. Além disso, algumas obras são obviamente canónicas, outras não.

Além da descrição quantitativa do resultado de anotação e revisão, apresentamos algumas considerações qualitativas sobre o processo.

Também fornecemos uma análise detalhada de algumas categorias, tentando mostrar como os lugares, profissões e gentílicos mais mencionados podem ser indicadores numa leitura distante.

Concluímos comparando com o trabalho internacional feito na análise de entidades mencionadas de obras literárias, explicando as diferenças e sugerindo trabalho futuro.
Elementos da didática para a juventude
Authors: Mesquita Silvana Soares de Araujo
Published: January 2021

Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre uma didática para a juventude a partir das perspectivas dos próprios jovens sobre a escola e a prática docente. O objetivo é identificar elementos da didática que contribuam com o processo de ensinar para jovens. Os dados são resultados de pesquisa em uma escola pública de ensino médio que atende jovens da periferia do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de observações das aulas, aplicação de questionários aos alunos e entrevistas com professores e gestores. O texto articula referenciais de estudos sobre juventude com o campo da didática e da profissão docente. A partir de uma concepção de didática multidimensional, conclui-se que, para os jovens, o professor que "sabe ensinar" tem o poder de motivá-los para aprender e de dar sentidos à própria escola através de uma prática pedagógica diversificada e relacional. O trabalho aponta para a relevância de se investir em uma didática para a juventude associada a três elementos: metodologias interativas, ênfase na dimensão relacional favorecendo interações e reconhecimento do papel motivador do professor como construtor de sentidos.
Escrita, mediação e reescrita na universidade
Authors: Albuquerque Rodrigo , Mota Ana Paula , Oliveira Karine
Published: January 2021

À luz do conceito de zona de desenvolvimento proximal (Vygotsky, 1978, 2008) e da teoria da ressonância (Sommers, 1980), almejamos, neste artigo, analisar como a interação entre professor/monitoras e estudantes, por meio de bilhetes orientadores (Brannon & Knoblauch, 1982; Gimbel & Mills, 2013; Mangabeira et al., 2011; Smith, 1997; Sommers, 1982), pode potencializar a reescrita de notas de leitura, levando em consideração: a atuação docente em processos de composição de textos (Flower & Hayes, 1981; Murray, 1997); os papéis do professor na correção/mediação de textos (Smith, 1997; Straub, 1996; Tribble, 1996); e as tendências de correção/mediação de textos (Ruiz, 1998; Serafini, 1995). Nossa pesquisa, inscrita em um paradigma qualitativo, teve início a partir de uma ação prevista na disciplina “Prática de Textos”, ofertada ao curso de graduação em Letras da Universidade de Brasília, que consistia na escrita de uma nota de leitura, em apreciação a um texto teórico de nossa disciplina, com as seguintes ações posteriores: debates sobre o texto teórico em sala de aula, mediação da produção escrita por meio de bilhetes orientadores, reescrita da produção escrita e entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados da investigação revelaram que tais bilhetes promoveram nos aprendizes reflexividade acerca dos processos de (re)escrita, a partir da sinalização quanto aos investimentos linguístico-textuais a serem realizados em suas produções.
Manifestações discursivas de contradições internas na produção de cartoons matemáticos digitais
Authors: Silva Poliana de Oliveira da , Daise Lago Pereira Souto
Published: January 2021

Este artigo apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa de Mestrado na qual discutimos manifestações discursivas de contradições internas que emergiram durante o trabalho de futuros professores com a produção de cartoons matemáticos usando tecnologias digitais. Fundamentamos a pesquisa em conceitos da Teoria da Atividade que favorecem a análise de tais manifestações. Os dados foram produzidos com licenciandos em Matemática da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, na região centro-oeste do Brasil, no contexto do curso “LIC-TOON: Produção de cartoons digitais na formação inicial de Matemática”. A metodologia adotada foi o experimento de ensino, que consistiu em uma série de 10 encontros de experimentação com tecnologias digitais. Os procedimentos e os instrumentos utilizados para a produção dos dados foram questionários, entrevistas e observação participante. Durante este último procedimento, foram utilizados diário de bordo e registros em áudio e vídeo. A análise dos dados seguiu o paradigma qualitativo, com base nos tipos de manifestações discursivas de contradições propostas por Engeström e Sannino (2011). Os resultados indicaram que os principais tipos de manifestações discursivas de contradições internas foram dilema e duplo vínculo. Tais manifestações surgiram quando os alunos escolheram o conteúdo matemático para desenvolver o cartoon e também quando passaram a estudá-lo.
Editorial
Authors: Fernandes José António , Pires Pereira Íris Susana , Martinho Maria Helena
Published: January 2021

Editorial
Comparison of classical and Bayesian estimators to estimate the parameters in Weibull distribution under weighted general entropy loss function
Authors:   Mathematics Department, College of Humanities and Science in Al Aflaj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia, Alduais Fuad ,   Business Administration Department, Administrative Science College, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen
Published: January 2021

In this work, we have developed a General Entropy loss function (GE) to estimate parameters of Weibull distribution (WD) based on complete data when both shape and scale parameters are unknown. The development is done by merging weight into GE to produce a new loss function called the weighted General Entropy loss function (WGE). Then, we utilized WGE to derive the parameters of the WD. After, we compared the performance of the developed estimation in this work with the Bayesian estimator using the GE loss function. Bayesian estimator using square error (SE) loss function, Ordinary Least Squares Method (OLS), Weighted Least Squared Method (WLS), and maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). Based on the Monte Carlo simulation method, those estimators are compared depending on the mean squared errors (MSE’s). The results show that the performance of the Bayes estimator under developed method (WGE) loss function is the best for estimating shape parameters in all cases and has good performance for estimating scale parameter.
Management of the Sensitized Cardiac Transplantation Recipient
Authors: Mazzei Michael , Keshavamurthy Suresh ,   University of Kentucky, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lexington, USA, Timofeeva Olga ,   MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Washington, USA, Toyoda Yoshiya
Published: January 2021

Preoperative sensitization of the cardiac transplant recipient, defined as the presence of anti-Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) antibodies before transplant, represents a significant management challenge for physicians. Sensitization prolongs the pre-transplant wait time and is associated with postoperative transplant complications and death. It is critical that sensitized heart transplant candidates be identified and optimized before surgery. In this review, we describe the risk for sensitization, discuss the means through which sensitization may be diagnosed, and highlight some of the new therapeutic options for managing the sensitized cardiac transplant patients.
Clinical Characterization of Patients With COVID-19 in Primary Care in Catalonia: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Mayer Miguel Angel , Vidal-Alaball Josep , Puigdellívol-Sánchez Anna , Marín Gomez Francesc X , Leis Angela , Mendioroz Peña Jacobo
Published: January 2021

Background

The country of Spain has one of the highest incidences of COVID-19, with more than 1,000,000 cases as of the end of October 2020. Patients with a history of chronic conditions, obesity, and cancer are at greater risk from COVID-19; moreover, concerns surrounding the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin type II receptor blockers (ARBs) and its relationship to COVID-19 susceptibility have increased since the beginning of the pandemic.

Objective

The objectives of this study were to compare the characteristics of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to those of patients without COVID-19 in primary care; to determine the risk factors associated with the outcome of mortality; and to determine the potential influence of certain medications, such as ACEIs and ARBs, on the mortality of patients with COVID-19.

Methods

An observational retrospective study of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the Catalan Central Region of Spain between March 1 and August 17, 2020, was conducted. The data were obtained from the Primary Care Services Information Technologies System of the Catalan Institute of Health in Barcelona, Spain.

Results

The study population included 348,596 patients (aged >15 years) registered in the Primary Care Services Information Technologies System of the Catalan Central Region. The mean age of the patients was 49.53 years (SD 19.42), and 31.17% of the patients were aged ≥60 years. 175,484/348,596 patients (50.34%) were women. A total of 23,844/348,596 patients (6.84%) in the population studied were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the study period, and the most common clinical conditions of these patients were hypertension (5267 patients, 22.1%) and obesity (5181 patients, 21.7%). Overall, 2680/348,596 patients in the study population (0.77%) died during the study period. The number of deaths among patients without COVID-19 was 1825/324,752 (0.56%; mean age 80.6 years, SD 13.3), while among patients diagnosed with COVID-19, the number of deaths was 855/23,844 (3.58%; mean age 83.0 years, SD 10.80) with an OR of 6.58 (95% CI 6.06-7.15).

Conclusions

We observed that women were more likely to contract COVID-19 than men. In addition, our study did not show that hypertension, obesity, or being treated with ACEIs or ARBs was linked to an increase in mortality in patients with COVID-19. Age is the main factor associated with mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Serious Video Games and Psychological Support: A Depression Intervention among Young Cancer Patients (Preprint)
Authors: Abbasi Dr. Amir , Khan Sehrish , Kazmi Syeda Farhana , Hlavacs Helmut , Ting Ding Hooi , Rehman Umair
Published: January 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Depression, coupled with a cancer diagnosis in early childhood, often leads toward disinclination to psychotherapy, especially in children. However, an effective remedy could be found in video games that could reduce the depressive condition. The study investigates the efficacy of therapy embedded games (3D-GIT) against the simple mental health games (Re-Mission-II) in reducing depressive symptoms associated with a cancer diagnosis. The sample comprised of 60 cancer patients randomly selected from different cancer hospitals in Pakistan. All the patients were pre-tested using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC). The sample was randomly divided into two equal groups: one group played the 3D-GIT game, and the other played the Re-Mission-II game. The games were played four times a week for a month. All the patients were then re-tested on the same scale. Pre-test and post-test scores were compared through paired t-test analysis. Findings of the study supported the first two hypotheses that 3D-GIT and Re-Mission-2 are effective in reducing the depressive symptoms among young cancer patients. The study results revealed that these video games could be used as an alternative treatment of depression for those who are not willing to go for counseling sessions with clinical psychologists. However, the results revealed an insignificant difference between 3D-GIT and Remission-II games, suggesting that both games effectively reduce depressive symptoms of cancer patients. The study results can be used to apply the 3D-GIT game and the Remission-II game to treat depression among cancer patients.
Efficacy and feasibility of OncoSmart, a tool for remote detection and monitoring chemoterapy-related adverse events in metastatic colorectal cancer patients: a pilot retrospective study. (Preprint)
Authors: Troiani Teresa , Napolitano Stefania , Terminiello Marinella , Vitiello Pietro Paolo , Ciardiello Fortunato , Martinelli Erika , Fenza Giuseppe , Orciuoli Francesco J , Romanelli Luca
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

In metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treatment-related health symptoms may have a strong impact on patient’s quality of life (QoL). It has been shown that a considerable number of health care providers underestimates symptom intensity. In this context, the systematic collection of electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) has been demonstrated to be a valid, reliable, feasible and precise approach to tabulating symptomatic toxicities and to detect symptoms missed by clinicians.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to evaluate feasibility as well as patients’ acceptance of remote technology system to detect and monitoring chemotherapy-related adverse events in metastatic colorectal cancer outpatients.

METHODS

We enrolled 8 mCRC outpatients who received an oncological treatment. A wearable device (smart watch) allowing automatic vitals measurement (blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, pedometer and sleeping monitor) has been provided to all patients. Moreover, two mobile applications have been developed: the first one to monitor vital measurements recorded by the wearable device, the second one to identify treatment-related toxicities and QoL parameters using a 30-items questionnaire (some taken from EORTCQLQ-C30 and others composed by the investigators). Clinicians filled the electronic health records (EHR) at each visit with symptoms reported by patients, physical examination and any treatment modifications.

RESULTS

a total of 8 patients were enrolled, 2 women (25%) and 6 men (75%); median age was 54 years (range 35-69). Compliance was 77%. Overall concordance between ePRO and symptoms detected by clinicians was 80%; in 15% of cases of electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) included symptoms missed during the visit, while in 5% of cases clinicians reported toxicities not recorded by patients. Regarding the symptoms that led to treatment modifications and/or suspension, the concordance between ePROs and clinician’s evaluation during the visit was 100%.

CONCLUSIONS

In our pilot experience this type of ePROs is feasible and well tolerated, showing high compliance (80%), and allowing identification of toxicities missed by clinicians in 15% of cases. These data suggest that the integration of ePROs with EHR may improve the management of cancer patients. These strategies should be prioritized to optimize active oncological treatments and supportive care in order to improve patient’s QoL and reduce inappropriate hospitalization.
Uncertainty of Optimal Rain Gauge Coastal Region: Case Study Makassar
Authors: Arno Giarno , Muflihah Muflihah , Mujahidin Mujahidin
Published: January 2021

The quality of rainfall data is very important in disaster or hazard analysis and water resource management. However, the accuracy and density of rainfall gauges are increasing, especially if related to the increasing amount of rainfall due to extreme events, such as floods that occurred in Makassar City in 2019. The purpose of this study is to analyze the scenario of optimal rainfall measurement measures in Makassar City. Determination number of the optimal rainfall equipment acquired by calculation of the coefficient of variation or relative standard deviation and error level based on the latest rainfall data in several locations in Makassar City. The results showed that the change of the number of optimal rain gauges varies with the level of error schemes. If the rainfall measurement wants to be improved, the number of rain gauges must be added. Moreover, increasing rainfall accumulation requires an additional rain gauge. By comparing the monthly rainfall data obtained from the rain station in Makassar, it takes 10 rain stations so that the error level is 5%. Nevertheless, using a longer rainfall duration causes the number of the optimal rain gauge to increase. The optimal rain gauge for annual rainfall data at an error level of 5% is 55 units, while if the error level is increased to 10% then 14 units and 6 units for error levels of 15%. Based on the calculation of the relative standard deviation (RSD) from 5 locations that measuring rainfall in Makassar, the biggest city in west coast Sulawesi Island obtained the level of error level is 10%. The scenario with combined among the five existing rain gauges showed that needs to be added to the rainfall gauge between Panaikang or Biring Romang and Sudiang. It is also important to add equipment on-site between Paotere and Barombong.
Acceptance Analysis of PDAM Sleman’s Water Tariff Based on Revenue and Wilingness to Pay Projection
Authors: Wardiha Made Widiadnyana
Published: January 2021

The Regional Water Company (PDAM) of Sleman provides clean water to the community and charges a tariff for each cubic meter of water sold to customers. Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 71 of 2016 states that PDAM tariffs requiring a review every four years. Most recently tariffs set by PDAM Sleman was in 2016 therefore it requires a recalculation. Besides that, it is necessary to analyze the tariff acceptance from the service provider and service recipient’s point of view. Calculation tariff method utilized a formula based on the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 71 of 2016. Acceptance analysis conducted by calculating the projection of water sales revenue, the profit to earning assets ratio, and the willingness to pay (WTP) projection of customers. Revenue projections were obtained by multiplying tariffs with the water sold volume. The WTP projection is carried out using the inflation method based on the WTP of PDAM Sleman customers from the 2007’s research. PDAM Sleman tariffs based on calculations resulted low tariffs of IDR3727.48, basic tariffs of IDR4659.36, and full rate of IDR9460.17. Based on the WTP analysis, the tariffs are feasible from the the service recipient’s point of view, which are the PDAM customers, because it is still affordable by customers for their average water consumption. Nevertheless, from the point of view of the service provider, which is PDAM Sleman, the tariffs are not feasible because the profit ratio of 0.31% is still much lower than the fairness profit ratio as 10% amount. Therefore, it is necessary to make tariff adjustments to increase profits. The adjustment strategies such as by determined tariffs only based on consumption blocks without breaking down based on customer group categories and adjusting the range of second and third consumption blocks.