bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ФЕНОМЕН ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ В РЕФЛЕКСІЇ СУЧАСНОГО ФІЛОСОФСТВУВАННЯ
Authors: Ковалевская О. В.
Published: July 2019

The paper deals with the problem of identity in modern interpretations of the phenomenon in the context of postmodernism and metamodernism.In today’s information society, there is an increasing interest in issues related to the existence of man: the meaning of his life, freedom and responsibility, understanding of oneself as a subject of social action, etc. Among them, a special attention should be paid to the topic of identity of an individual as preserving oneself in the form of a semantic and value integrity throughout one’s own life.In recent years, a version of the crisis of identity as a deformation of its integrity has become popular. Social reality, which had previously formed a stable system of values and cultural traditions with its stability, has undergone profound changes. It became more dynamic, the informational aspect of its existence came out on top, the outlook on the value of family, marriage, career, profession, education and, ultimately, the meaning of the person himself has changed. They began to talk about him as a person without values, as a «leaving nature».In the concept of postmodernism, the problem of identity sounded through the theme of its crisis state as erosion of ideological and value orientations grounding on the fact that in the era of information globalism, a person loses his ethno-cultural certainty. He becomes a «citizen of the world», and therefore is open to the values and traditions of other cultures. This deforms one’s identity, blurs its integrity and reports a certain unpredictability of social acts and actions.The philosophical reflection of metamodernism, or post-postmodernism, turns the problem of identity into another plane. A new image of the world, created with the help of the World Wide Web, has formed a virtual reality as an information communication space. In this regard, the value of the subject of communication developed through the ability to build a productive dialogue with the community on the other side of the screen and the ability to adapt quickly to the changing information situation. These qualities were a condition for a person to realize his own value as a carrier of adequate self-perception in the system of information dialogue. They also became the basis for a new reading of the subject’s identity as a formed ability for information communication, the purpose of which is the productive nature of mutual understanding of the interacting parties.Thus, in the reflection of modern philosophizing, a new meaning, or rather, reformation of identity, appears as the correspondence of one’s communicative skills to the needs of today’s time.
ЦІННІСНИЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ ЯК ФЕНОМЕН МОРАЛЬНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ
Authors: Широка С.
Published: July 2019

The article analyzes the principles of studying the phenomenon of value management, which makes it possible to reveal its essence, structural elements, functions, as well as to investigate its nature and place in the system of relations. Thus, value management is considered from the standpoint of economic theory, socio-psychological research, linguistic and praxeological approach. The features, structural elements, functions are singled out, the interpretative field of research is outlined. The role of value management in the process of self-identification of participants of economic relations is emphasized. The existence of certain moral, axiological and creative potential of value management has been found out. It is defined as a dynamic system of material and spiritual values, norms and stereotypes of behavior that are inherent to the employees of the organization at all levels of its hierarchy, are transmitted by policy and traditional methods, form the image of the organization and its members, and in a certain way influence the nature of the realization of its goals. It acts as a complex social phenomenon, that in some way organizes industrial relations as a specific mode of socially significant activity. Value management performs a coordinating role due to established norms and standards of organizational behavior, the main values in the organizational environment. The study of the interpretation field, the structure and options for the introduction of value management in business relations can contribute to a significant deepening of the understanding of the essence of man and society economic life. It is noted that the problem of value management in business communication is one of the most important among those that are actualized in the course of modern civilizational transformations. This phenomenon is inseparable from the sociodynamic processes of realization of expedient activity of people, which finds expression in the multifaceted orientation of social practice and occupational employment. In the conditions of development of the main directions of a market economy in Ukraine and the expansion of international relations, value management acts as a sociocultural basis for the sustainable development of organizations and as a factor that optimizes socially meaningful activity, promotes the adaptation and positioning of an individual or collective in the system of economic relations.
ДЕФОЛТ ІДЕОЛОГІЙ
Authors: Качуров Е. В. , Качурова С. В.
Published: July 2019

The article, for the first time ever, considers the phenomenon of the emergence and historical development of ideology, up to the full realization of this process. Some scientists call this moment of completion as «crisis», the others – as «doom». Considering one essential feature of modern ideology, we call it a «default». We are talking about its voluntary commitment to replace the philosophical knowledge that traditionally provided the European history of previous eras.To understand this phenomenon, the fact of the relationship between ideology and phenomenology is defined as a matter of principle, which almost completely coincides with it in its subject matter. Both are engaged in consciousness. The nuances of their differences are rooted in the difference of theoretical and practical horizons.Having raised the question of the emergence of ideology, the work comes to the conclusion that its cause is the classical German phenomenology (from Kant to Hegel). The same kinds of phenomenology that were created by ideology itself in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries have a qualitatively different character. All of them come from the «conditioning of consciousness by being», while the philosophical classics sought to «mediate consciousness as an object, with consciousness as a method». Such a sharp deviation of the various theories of knowledge of the last two centuries was caused exclusively by the practical orientation of ideological consciousness.The use of the «crime novel» form in the article, which is indicated by both the researchers of the «false consciousness» and the researchers of phenomenology, made it possible to trace their interaction in dynamics. By exposing each other, ideologies «dragged» their own phenomenologies into this trial, which, in turn, unwittingly, were eventually forced to take the path of de-idealizing their own origins. So the course of this struggle has undergone significant changes in both phenomena.The article for the first time considers its «naive», «political» and «cynical» forms as the stages of the development of ideology. Variants of the idea of a «consciousness that does not know what is happening behind its back» by G. Hegel, the concepts of K. Marx’s «illusory consciousness» and P. Sloterdijk’s theory of the «enlightened false consciousness» here serve as markers for distinguishing these stages.As a result, it is stated that the default of modern ideologies in a positive way led to structural changes in the classical model of philosophical knowledge. Modern forms of phenomenology began to return to it, but in an updated form. The knowledge of positive sciences, which was previously included in all the historical systems of philosophy, is now excluded from it, and logic, history of philosophy and classical phenomenology, with a stable moment of de-ideologization of all types of false consciousness, become its main task.
РОЗРАХУНОК ЗУСИЛЬ ФОРМОУТВОРЕННЯ ПАНЕЛЕЙ ПОВІТРЯНОГО СУДНА ПРИ ПОСЛІДОВНОМУ ВІЛЬНОМУ ГНУТТІ НА СПЕЦІАЛІЗОВАНОМУ ОБЛАДНАННІ
Authors: Бычков С. А. , Лупкин Б. В. , Павленко А. А. , Корольков Ю. А.
Published: July 2019

The design of a modern aircraft provides for a high degree of panelizing of outline elements which can reach up to 80...85%. This allows to increase strength and rigidity with a simultaneous reduction in weight and improved flight performance of the product by reducing the number of fasteners and riveted seams. Also, the improvement of parameters occurs due to the use of high-strength aluminum and other alloys. However, the manufacture of such panels is time consuming and requires special equipment. At a time when technologies and equipment for the manufacture of single-curvature panels are fairly well developed, it is still difficult to manufacture panels with variable twist (washout) of cross-sections on the existing universal equipment with the prescribed accuracy. Basically, for the manufacture of such panels free bending, requiring a large number of finishing works is used. The use of universal equipment such as Sheet Stretch Forming Press is also not sufficiently effective, since the form die produced individually for each part and has a high price. To overcome the existing shortcomings it is proposed to use a multi-point controlled roller punch and a die, the shape of which is set by the CNC device according to information from a digital mock-up. A design diagram for determining the acting forces on the rollers of a multipoint punch during the sequential formation of the workpiece was developed. A method for calculating the technological parameters of the panel forming process is presented. It allows to determine, in particular, the total force required to feed the rollers of multi-point punch, the values of the transverse compensation angle of the rollers of multi-point punch and the number of deformation strokes. The initial data for the implementation of the process are determined, the scheme of the process of forming a panel with variable twist is described. An example of solving the problem of determining the technological parameters of the process of forming a panel on the proposed equipment by the proposed method is given.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ДАТЧИКА ТЕМПЕРАТУРИ DS18B20 WI-FI МОДУЛЕМ NODEMCU V3 ESP8266
Authors: Нарожный В. В. , Назаров А. С. , Дегтярева Т. Г.
Published: July 2019

The past decade can be characterized by the accelerating Internet of Things (IoT) development. Currently, the European Research Cluster on the Internet of Things (IERC) defines IoT as a dynamic global network infrastructure with the possibility of self-tuning based on standard and compatible communication protocols. The Internet and microprocessor technology development caused the rise of IoT. Other factors influencing the rapid IoT development were cloud computing and wireless networks popularity growth. As a result, the widespread use of IoT required an increase in the reliability of the devices.In many areas of modern technological processes and physical researches, the temperature is a significant physical characteristic. The paper describes the hardware and software complex connecting the DS18B20 temperature meter (sensor). The complex is designed to study the fault-tolerance of temperature measurements in IoT. The Wi-Fi module NodeMCU V3 based on ESP8266 is applied as a control unit of the complex.The IoT appearance brought to a new level such an important segment of technical researches as the development of the fault-tolerant solutions. One of the important subsystems of such an application is the physical parameters detection of various devices in real-time. The temperature is a significant physical characteristic in many areas of modern technological processes and physical researches. The hardware and software complex for connecting a DS18B20 temperature measurer (sensor) is described in the paper. The complex is designed to examine the temperature measurement fault-tolerance in IoT. The Wi-Fi module NodeMCU V3 based on ESP8266 is applied as the complex controller.As far as the work of IoT depends mainly on the information provided by the sensors, the sensor performance monitoring is critically important. The autonomous system architecture of IoT includes such tasks as perception, localization, planning, management and control over systems exchanging information with each other.  For this reason, the reliability of the sensors is of high concern. Therefore, one failure can lead to the IoT system dangerous behavior.The IoT fault-tolerance is an important direction of modern systems design. The research of the ensuring possibility of the IoT fault-tolerance functioning is an urgent task. For such studies, hardware and software complexes are developed.
Λ-Ib-Sets in Topological Space
Authors: Granados Ortiz Carlos Andres
Published: July 2019

In this paper we studied a new type of sets that called Λ-Ib-sets, for planting this sets it was necessary to know about b-opens sets were introduced by [4], b-I-opens sets were introduced by [2] and the notion of ideal in topological space was defined by [5], thus we used those concepts and created the sets which were studied, furthermore we studied relationship between Λ-I sets and Λ-Is sets, in fact some properties were planted, on the other hand, the definition of continuity from Λ-Ib-sets was added and some examples are shown.
Huaycos en el distrito limeño de Lurigancho-Chosica: urbanización, vulnerabilidad social, cultura y resiliencia comunitaria
Authors: Domingo Depaula Pablo
Published: July 2019

La emergencia y magnitud de eventos climáticos adversos han dado como resultado significativas catástrofes en amplias regiones de América Latina. En este contexto podemos hacer referencia a las inundaciones que, constituyen fenómenos de riesgo y vulnerabilidad pues provocan pérdidas humanas y materiales. En el presente trabajo, se aborda el caso de los huaycos (i.e., deslizamientos de tierra, masas de roca o escombros producto de intensas precipitaciones) que afectan el distrito limeño de Lurigancho-Chosica (Perú). En primer lugar, se presenta la casuística esbozando los principales eventos ocurridos en dicha región desde el siglo pasado; en segundo lugar, se analizan la articulación conceptual e implicancias de los procesos de urbanización, la vulnerabilidad social y el rol que juega la cultura sobre las comunidades limeñas afectadas. Por último, se discute el caso concluyendo en la importancia que presenta el abordaje psicosocial en las primeras respuestas, políticas públicas y acciones preventivas de salud mental favoreciendo el desarrollo de la resiliencia comunitaria
Desmitificación y campos figurativos en la poesía de Blanca Varela. El caso de Canto Villano (1972-1978)
Authors: Fernández Cozman Camilo Rubén
Published: July 2019

Blanca Varela es la más importante poeta peruana. En su obra realiza un proceso de desmitificación de ideas arraigadas a la cultura occidental, las cuales fueron impuestas por los grupos dominantes. Dicho fin se refleja en el uso de campos figurativos como el de la antítesis. Así, en el presente artículo se analizan dos poemas de Canto villano: "Cruci-ficción" y "Curriculum vitae" con el fin de verificar la hipótesis antes formulada.
Quality Assurance of Available Portland Cements in Nigeria
Authors: Mayowa Ikumapayi Catherine , Ebenezer Oluwabusuyi Fakorede
Published: July 2019

The notable demand for the want of cement in our time has stimulated increment in cement production and increment in manufacturers to be had in our day. These in turn amongst others have brought about failure of buildings and other construction members. As a result, the need to ensure the quality of available cement in circulation is of utmost paramount. This research work studies the available Portland lime cement of grade 42.5 only, in Nigeria from such company as company A, company B, and company C. The qualities and properties of the Portland lime cement from every of the above-named companies were investigated and as compared. Properties like Fineness, Setting Time, Chemical composition, Specific gravity, Consistency, Loss of ignition, Strength (compressive strength, and flexural strength), Micro structural analysis were determined according to relevant BS EN 197-1 (2011) and (ASTMC) 150-92 standards. These tests were carried out with the usage of scanning electron microscope, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, Vicat apparatus, compressive strength machine, consistency apparatus and Chatelier flask, among others. The results showed that the chemical composition mostly of CaO, SiO2, AL2O3 and MgO in the cement +are within the acceptable limit of 60.0-67.0, 17.0-25.0, 3.0-8.0 and 0.1-4.0 respectively in the BS 4550: Part 3 (1979). The results of the compressive strength acquired for all the cement have been a way beneath the standardized result expected for grade 42.5. These could partly be traced to the cement micro-structure as Company C with the best morphology exhibits better compressive strength than others. Improvement on the cement morphology by the manufacturers could lead to compressive strength improvement. It was also discovered that one of the important factors that would have contributed to the low compressive strength was excessive amount of silt/clay content material inside the sand used.
PENGARUH BRAND AWARENESS DAN LOYALITAS MEREK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN SEPEDA MOTOR YAMAHA MATIC
Authors: Nasib Nasib , Bashira Bashira
Published: July 2019

Perusahaan yang mampu membangun brand awareness dan loyalitas merek kepada para pelanggannya tentunya akan mampu bersaing dengan para kompetitornya. Fokus utama dalam penelitian ini yaitu 1) untuk menganalisis pengaruh brand awareness terhadap keputusan pembelian dan 2) untuk menganalisis pengaruh loyalitas merek terhadap keputusan pembelian. Populasi dalam sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa/i SMK Swasta Teladan 1 Sumut. Model penarikan sampel dengan nonprobability sampling dengan pendekatan accidental sampling.  Hasil implikasi temuan dalam penelitian yaitu kesadaran merek dan loyalitas merek berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian sepeda motor Yaham Matic. Kemudian koefisien detreminasi yaitu 61% variasi variabel terikat yaitu brand awareness dan loyalitas merek mampu menjelaskan keputusan pembelian sedangkan sisa dari kontribusi tersebut dipengaruh oleh factor variabel lain yang tidak masuk dalam kajian penelitian ini.
Kemampuan Model Z- Score dan Model Springate Dalam Memprediksi Financial Distress BPR Multi Artha Sejahtera
Authors: Masduki Uki , Efriadi Adi Rizfal , Ermalina Ermalina
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to test the ability of the model or analytical tool used to predict the bankruptcy of the company, namely the Altman's Z-afternoon model and the Springate model of BPR Multi Artha Sejahtera whose license has been revoked by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) through Commissioner Decree Number 16 / KDK.03 / 2016 with company considerations deteriorating. The data used is secondary data, namely the 2012-2015 BPR Multi Artha Sejahtera financial report data obtained from Bank Indonesia reports. The data is then analyzed using the Altman Z-score (Z-Score) and Springate (S-Score) formulas to detect whether or not there are indications of bankruptcy before BPR Multi Artha Sejahtera is actually declared bankrupt. The results of this study concluded that overall, both Z-core and S-Score were able to predict the bankruptcy rate of BPR Multi Artha Sejahtera during 2011 - 2015. In the case of BPR Multi Artha Sejahtera bankruptcy the use of S-Score to predict bankruptcy is more appropriate in predicting bankruptcy.
Pengaruh Kinerja Makro Ekonomi dan Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Pertambangan terhadap Investasi Langsung Asing di Indonesia
Authors: Isti'anah Putri Rahmatul , Shintia Tri Utami Shintia Tri , Sa’diyah Laili Ayu , Radianto Denny Oktavina
Published: July 2019

Tingkat penanaman modal asing di Indonesia terus mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Tercatat jumlah investasi tahun 2017 sebesar 32.239,80 (dalam juta US$). Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat investasi langsung adalah nilai tukar. Kondisi nilai tukar rupiah yang lebih rendah dari mata uang negara lain, membuat investor asing tertarik untuk menanamkan modalnya di Indonesia. Sektor industri yang mencatatkan namanya dalam kegiatan investasi langsung ini adalah pertambangan batu bara. Kinerja perusahaan tambang batu bara di Indonesia yang selalu meningkat, memberikan dampak positif terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Untuk membuktikan keterkaitan antara nilai tukar, PDB, dan ROA terhadap investasi langsung asing pada perusahaan pertambangan batu bara tercatat di BEI tahun 2014-2017 didapatkan empat hipotesis, yaitu: 1) pengaruh kinerja makro ekonomi (nilai tukar) dengan investasi langsung asing, 2) pengaruh kinerja makro ekonomi (PDB) terhadap investasi langsung asing, 3) pengaruh kinerja keuangan perusahaan (ROA) terhadap investasi langsung asing, serta 4) pengaruh simultan ketiga faktor (nilai tukar, PDB, dan ROA) terhadap investasi langsung asing di Indonesia. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan metode uji asumsi klasik dan uji regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS 23.0. Hasil hipotesis membuktikan bahwa nilai tukar berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap investasi langsung asing, disebabkan adanya faktor lain yang lebih mendominasi dalam penentuan penanaman modal asing di Indonesia. Tingkat pertumbuhan PDB juga secara negatif berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap investasi asing, karena adanya pengaruh inflasi yang tinggi pada tahun 2013-2014. Sedangkan, persentase ROA memiliki pengaruh positif, namun tidak signifikan, karena ROA dapat dijadikan alat untuk memproyeksikan kinerja internal perusahaan kepada investor. Secara simultan ketiga variabel bebas diatas berpengaruh tidak signifikan, karena dalam proses investasi, investor dipastikan akan selalu mengawasi kinerja makro ekonomi dan keuangan perusahaan. Namun, hal tersebut tidak menjadi pertimbangan utama investor dalam melakukan investasi.
The effect of quality service and price upon the customers satisfaction (case study at TIKI branch at Jl. K. H. Sholeh Iskandar Bogor)
Authors: Wihananto Adri
Published: July 2019

This research aims to study the effect of quality service and price either simulatenously or partially upon the customers satisfaction at PT TIKI Branch at Jl. K. H. Sholeh Iskandar Bogor. Analytical technique of this research has applied multiple linear regression analysis to figure out to which extent the quality service and price either simultaneously or partially has affected the customers satisfaction. The result has indicated that quality service and price simultaneously have affected significantly the customers satisfaction. This result has depicted that the value of F-count is 71.270 , however Ftable df: α, (k-1), (n-k) = 0.05, (2-1), (146-3) is 4.60 due to F-count > Ftable (71.270 > 4.60) and its sig.value of 0.000 < 5% (0.05). Keywords: Quality Service, Price, Customers Satisfaction
Analysis of yogurt raw materials control using MRP method at PT. Heavenly Nutrition Indonesia
Authors: Wardhani Yustiana , Indrawan Ikbal
Published: July 2019

The aim of this research is going to find out the inventory level of yogurt raw materials at PT HNI. Running MRP method is to make sure that the production process is working good which can increase the efficiency of yogurt raw materials control at PT HNI. Result of the research has indicated that the method of calculation is based on the average of the last three months period, and also based on the forecast coming from Marketing Department, though some products calculated are based on the historical periode (the previous year), nevertheless the forecast of raw materials purchase is obtained. Keywords: MRP Method
Education for Prevention of Alcohol and Tobacco Consumption in Secondary Education in Cubal
Authors: Calei Adelino Pena , Fazenda Augusto José
Published: July 2019

The objective of the study was to characterize the current situation of alcohol and tobacco consumption in secondary school, with a view to the health education, in Cubal, Benguela province, Angola. The study was carried out in the first and second trimester of the school year and the survey to the teacher and student, interviews with school principals and participant`s observation during class and in the playground were used as methods. The sample was taken from the Fist Cycle of Secondary Education at "Kilamba" School and it concluded that teachers and students presented themselves to classes after comsuming alcohol and used to consume tobacco during break time in the court-yard. Although teachers and students were aware of the negative effect of alcohol and tobacco consumption, it was noticed that the problem at issue was not systematically addressed in the teaching-learning process of Geography, which would contribute to the prevention of alcohol and tobacco consumption in school and in general life of the citizen.
Estudio de prácticas administrativas financieras en PYMES de Riobamba y su impacto en la gestión
Authors: Tapia Bonifaz Angelita Genoveva , Jácome Tamayo Sandra Patricia , Gavilánez Vega María Isabel , Balseca Castro Jaqueline Elizabeth
Published: July 2019

El presente estudio pretende determinar las prácticas administrativas financieras que se aplican en las Pymes de la ciudad de Riobamba y su impacto en los indicadores de gestión, para lo cual se encuestó a 60 administradores, de las mismas, lo que permitió identificar que de las empresas encuestadas al menos el 52% realizan una gestión elemental para el desarrollo de sus actividades empresariales. Al preguntarles a los directivos, si luego de un ejercicio fiscal, en sus empresas efectúan un análisis situacional de su estructura administrativa y financiera, que permita tomar decisiones en base a datos precisos, el 75% respondieron afirmativamente. Considerando que la planificación es la base de la administración se preguntó si las acciones desarrolladas en sus organizaciones se realizan previo a una planificación, el 58% de los encuestados manifiestan que sus acciones están dispuestas de acuerdo a una programación elaborada por parte de los directivos. Finalmente, el 77% de los empresarios encuestados, consideran que el desarrollo de un manual administrativo financiero será una herramienta que contribuirá a una efectiva gestión administrativa y financiera que favorezca la sustentabilidad y sostenibilidad de las empresas.
Верховенство права Європейського Союзу: юридична авантюра, що окупилася
Authors: ЛАЗОВСКІ АДАМ
Published: July 2019

Доктрина верховенства залишається одним із принципів права Європейського Союзу (ЄС, Євросоюз). За 50 років після того, як Суд справедливості ЄС (Суд ЄС) визнав його у відомій справі Costa v ENEL, воно залишається значною мірою некодифікованим і таким, що походить із судової практики. І все ж суди Євросоюзу дотримуються його, хоча це означає, що законодавство ЄС є вищим за національні закони. Ця стаття стверджує, що Суд ЄС виграв азартну гру з легітимністю. Без чіткої правової основи для верховенства у первинних установчих договорах європейських співтовариств, держави-члени могли б просто стверджувати, що Суд ЄС діяв ultra vires і, як наслідок, вони не приймуть такої далекосяжної судової практики. І все-таки влада суду значною мірою виграла. Отже, ця гра з легітимністю Суду ЄС окупилася. Водночас, як іноді застосування доктрини верховенства було викликом у національних конституціях, це загальноприйнята фундаментальна докт рина права ЄС. Крім того, це має велике практичне значення, оскільки, згідно з рішенням Simmenthal, всі національні суди, коли стикаються із національним законодавством, яке порушує безпосередньо чинне законодавство ЄС, мають обов’язок відкласти національні правила і вирішити справу на основі права Євросоюзу. Для аутсайдера може виявитися досить важко орієнтуватися в “мандрах” практики Суду ЄС. У кращому випадку вона виглядає нерівною. Це, однак, є прямим результатом того, як розроблена система співпраці між національними судами та Судом ЄС. Як обґрунтовуються випадки, проаналізовані в цій статті, процедура попереднього розгляду була головною для розвитку цієї доктрини. Вона може, або іноді, повинна використовуватися, коли національні суди мають сумніви щодо тлумачення права ЄС або чинності вторинного законодавства. Проте запитання можуть бути поставлені лише в тому випадку, якщо відповідь необхідна для внутрішнього судочинства. Внаслідок цього доктрина першості розвивалася поступово, оскільки в національних залах судових засідань з’являлися нові питання про її обсяг і спосіб застосування. Як свідчать судження, проаналізовані в цій статті, не тільки основоположні договори Євросоюзу, а й інші обов’язкові акти, що формують acquis ЄС, мають першочергове значення над національним законодавством. Це охоплює не тільки внутрішні закони, що застосовуються erga omnes, а й окремі адміністративні акти. Таким чином, сформульована доктрина верховенства перетворилася на принцип, що гарантує ефективність права ЄС.
Доктрина acquis у праві Європейського Союзу та її відображення в правовій системі України
Authors: КОСТЮЧЕНКО ЯРОСЛАВ
Published: July 2019

Важливою особливістю правопорядку Європейського Союзу (ЄС) є те, що його основою є так званий acquis. Особливе значення концепції acquis полягає в забезпеченні однорідності правової системи ЄС, оскільки вона базується на ідеї про те, що її елементи не можуть бути змінені в процесі співпраці з іншими суб’єктами міжнародного права. Загалом це забезпечує цілісність системи та обов’язково однакове застосування законодавства ЄС в усіх державах-членах. Однорідність (гомо генність) права ЄС зберігається, зокрема, в світлі тлумачення, поданого Судом ЄС у кількох його рішеннях. Суд розглядає право ЄС як новий правовий порядок, за яким держави обмежили свої суверенні повноваження та які відрізняються як від міжнародного права, так і від національного законодавства. Недостатня визначеність цього поняття в актах Євросоюзу, насамперед в установчих договорах, та відсутність офіційного тлумачення його Судом ЄС призводять до виникнення різного розуміння такого комплексу, як аcquis. Метою статті є дослідження змісту поняття аcquis у правопорядку ЄС. Аcquis є досить динамічною доктриною, що перебуває у процесі постійного розвитку в напрямі розширення та поглиблення регулятивних конструкцій. Наповнення acquis можна поділити на “конституційне”, яке включає головні принципи структури правового порядку, та “прецедентне” – основні правові позиції Суду ЄС, що утворює недоторканну серцевину acquis і не може бути змінене без шкоди для наднаціональної природи ЄС. “Конституційне” acquis включає принципи дії права ЄС у національних правопорядках: верховенства, прямої дії та прямого застосування; загальні принципи права ЄС: пропорційності, недискримінації, субсидіарності, правової визначеності, легітимних очікувань, поваги прав людини.
The Form and Function of Prayer in the Student Volunteer Movement, 1886–1914
Authors: Allen Edward
Published: July 2019

The founders of the Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions (SVM) repeatedly affirmed that prayer as a means of accessing the power of the Almighty God was at the foundation of its success. An examination of original sources for the SVM shows that many forms of prayer were practised and encouraged by the movement. Members of the movement sought to make formal prayer meaningful. Participants described how their prayers for provision were answered along the lines of the faith ministries of George Muller and Hudson Taylor. They described how prayer enabled them to be connected to other Christians from around the world. Prayer enabled them to experience community support and was the focus of personal communion with God. However, the prayer of surrender was at the heart of the SVM experience and finds a parallel in the experience of a ‘second blessing’ advocated by the Keswick Movement. Numerous points of contact occurred between the SVM and Keswick, suggesting that second-blessing experience of holiness prepared a person for the commitment represented by signing the SVM pledge to give oneself in the service of foreign missions.
Soft Iterative Decoding Algorithms for Rateless Codes in Satellite Systems
Authors: Zhang Meixiang , Chan Satya , Kim Sooyoung
Published: July 2019

The satellite system is one of the most efficient means for broadcasting due to its wide service coverage as well as the fact that it can provide high data rate services by using high frequency bands. However, there are a number of problems in the satellite system, such as a long round trip delay (RTD) and heterogeneity of the channel conditions of the earth stations. Even though utilizing adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) is almost mandatory for the satellite systems using high frequency bands due to the serious rain fading, the long RTD makes it difficult to quickly respond to channel quality information, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of ACM. A high heterogeneity of earth stations caused by a wide service coverage also makes it difficult to apply a uniform transmission mode, and thus satellite systems require receiver-dependent transmission modes. A rateless code can be an effective means to compensate for these disadvantages of satellite systems compared to terrestrial wireless systems. This paper presents soft iterative decoding algorithms for efficient application of rateless codes in satellite systems and demonstrates that rateless codes can be effectively used for hybrid automatic repeat request schemes.
Effects of Physical Forms of Total Mixed Rations on Intake, Weaning Age, Growth Performance, and Blood Metabolites of Crossbred Dairy Calves
Authors: Iqbal Zahid , Rashid Muhammad A. , Pasha Talat N. , Ahmed Jalees
Published: July 2019

This study evaluated the effects of hay-based total mix ration (TMR) in pelleted or unpelleted form on intake, weaning age, performance parameters, blood metabolites, and cost-effectiveness in crossbred dairy calves during the preweaning period under hot climatic conditions. Thirty calves (4 ± 1 days (d) old), were assigned to one of the three dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. Treatments assigned were: (1) conventional calf starter (CCS); without hay (2) TMR containing 85% calf starter and 15% chopped oat hay (OH) and (3) pelleted TMR (PTMR) containing 85% calf starter and 15% OH. Colostrum-fed calves were offered four liters (L) of whole milk each, during the first week, followed by six L daily. Calves were weaned off milk gradually on the basis of targeted starter intake of 200, 600, and 800 grams, after which they were considered weaned. Environmental temperature, feed intake, and health scores were recorded daily. The calves experienced heat stress with an average temperature-humidity index (THI) of 80.06 ± 3.42. Results revealed that average daily dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency (FE) were not different (P > 0.05) among the treatments. Changes in body measurements, rumen development parameters, and blood metabolites were also not affected by the treatments (P > 0.05). Average weaning age in PTMR was 5.4 d earlier as compared to CCS. Feed cost per unit gain tended to be lower for PTMR compared with CCS-fed (86%) calves. Feeding pelleted TMR containing 15% OH tended to reduce the weaning age and feed cost per unit gain without affecting growth performance, intake, FE, and health parameters in crossbred calves under heat stress conditions.
Actinomycetes: The Antibiotics Producers
Authors: Mast Yvonne , Stegmann Evi
Published: July 2019

Actinomycetes are well known as an inexhaustible source for antibiotics [...]
Numerical Investigation on the Gravity Response of a Two-Pole Generator Rotor System with Interval Uncertainties
Authors: Zheng Zhaoli , Xie Yonghui , Zhang Di
Published: July 2019

Asymmetric rotor systems widely exist in commercial plants. In the previous studies about asymmetric rotor systems, parameters such as material properties and boundary conditions are deterministic. To obtain a deep understanding of the dynamics of asymmetric rotor systems, a generator rotor system considering uncertain factors is studied in this paper. The equations of motion of the three-dimensional finite element model are solved in the rotating frame. The component mode synthesis is used to reduce the degrees of freedom. By employing the Chebyshev interval method (CIM), the uncertain gravity responses of the generator rotor system are investigated. The influences of the uncertainties in the bearing’s properties and the rotor’s material properties on the gravity response are studied in cases with a single uncertainty and double uncertainties. The accuracy and the efficiency of CIM are validated by comparing with the results of the scanning method. The results show that uncertainties have remarkable influences on the gravity response, and that these influences are different from each other. The proposed method and the results can provide guidance to the design and optimization of the rotary machinery.
Ablation and Patterning of Carbon Nanotube Film by Femtosecond Laser Irradiation
Authors: Wu Xuefeng , Yin Hailiang , Li Qiang
Published: July 2019

Carbon nanotube (CNT) film can be used as thin film electrodes and wearable electronic devices due to their excellent mechanical and electrical properties. The femtosecond laser has the characteristics of an ultra-short pulse duration and an ultra-high peak power, and it is one of the most suitable methods for film material processing. The ablation and patterning of CNT film are performed by a femtosecond laser with different parameters. An ablation threshold of 25 mJ/cm2 was obtained by investigating the effects of laser pulse energy and pulse number on ablation holes. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the performance of the pattern groove. The results show that the oligomer in the CNT film was removed by the laser ablation, resulting in an increase in Raman G band intensity. As the laser increased, the ablation of the CNTs was caused by the energy of photons interacting with laser-induced thermal elasticity when the pulse energy was increased enough to destroy the carbon–carbon bonds between different carbon atoms. Impurities and amorphous carbon were found at and near the cut edge while laser cutting at high energy, and considerable distortion and tensile was produced on the edge of the CNTs’ groove. Furthermore, appropriate cutting parameters were obtained without introducing defects and damage to the substrate, which provides a practical method applied to large-area patterning machining of CNT film.
An IoT-Based Non-Invasive Glucose Level Monitoring System Using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Alarcón-Paredes Antonio , Francisco-García Victor , Guzmán-Guzmán Iris , Cantillo-Negrete Jessica , Cuevas-Valencia René , Alonso-Silverio Gustavo
Published: July 2019

Patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus must monitor their blood glucose levels in order to control the glycaemia. Consequently, they must perform a capillary test at least three times per day and, besides that, a laboratory test once or twice per month. These standard methods pose difficulty for patients since they need to prick their finger in order to determine the glucose concentration, yielding discomfort and distress. In this paper, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based framework for non-invasive blood glucose monitoring is described. The system is based on Raspberry Pi Zero (RPi) energised with a power bank, using a visible laser beam and a Raspberry Pi Camera, all implemented in a glove. Data for the non-invasive monitoring is acquired by the RPi Zero taking a set of pictures of the user fingertip and computing their histograms. Generated data is processed by an artificial neural network (ANN) implemented on a Flask microservice using the Tensorflow libraries. In this paper, all measurements were performed in vivo and the obtained data was validated against laboratory blood tests by means of the mean absolute error (10.37%) and Clarke grid error (90.32% in zone A). Estimated glucose values can be harvested by an end device such as a smartphone for monitoring purposes.
Methodology for Performing Territorial Sea Baseline Measurements in Selected Waterbodies of Poland
Authors: Specht Mariusz , Specht Cezary , Wąż Mariusz , Naus Krzysztof , Grządziel Artur , Iwen Dominik
Published: July 2019

Baselines are used to establish the maritime boundaries of a coastal state which include the territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone and continental shelf; thus, they are instrumental in implementing state maritime policy. For Poland, as well as in other coastal states, baseline determination can be considered from both a legal and measurement-related point of view. This paper discusses an effective and optimal method of performing bathymetric measurements to enable territorial sea baseline determination in selected waterbodies of Poland. It presents a method for planning a hydrographic survey using both manned and unmanned vessels and presents oceanographic parameters that should be determined before and during hydrographic measurements, as well as a method of choosing the measuring equipment used in bathymetric measurements in ultra-shallow waters. The results of our analyses showed that using an unmanned vessel, on which a multi-GNSS receiver and a miniature MBES or SBES can be installed, is currently the optimum and the most effective method for determining the territorial sea baseline.
Transmission Condition Monitoring of 3D Printers Based on the Echo State Network
Authors: Zhang Shaohui , He Kun , Cabrera Diego , Li Chuan , Bai Yun , Long Jianyu
Published: July 2019

Three-dimensional printing quality is critically affected by the transmission condition of 3D printers. A low-cost technique based on the echo state network (ESN) is proposed for transmission condition monitoring of 3D printers. A low-cost attitude sensor installed on a 3D printer was first employed to collect transmission condition monitoring data. To solve the high-dimensional problem of attitude data, feature extraction approaches were subsequently performed. Based on the extracted features, the ESN was finally employed to monitor transmission faults of the 3D printer. Experimental results showed that the fault recognition accuracy of the 3D printer was obtained at 97.17% using the proposed approach. In addition, support vector machine (SVM), locality preserving projection support vector machine (LPPSVM), and principal component analysis support vector machine (PCASVM) were also used for comparison. The contrast results showed that the recognition accuracies of our method were higher and more stable than that of SVM, LPPSVM, and PCASVM when collecting raw data via the low-cost attitude sensor.
Identification of Alzheimer’s Disease on the Basis of a Voxel-Wise Approach
Authors: Beheshti Iman , Mahdipour Hossein-Abad Hadi , Matsuda Hiroshi ,   for the Japanese-Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2019

Robust prediction of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) helps in the early diagnosis of AD and may support the treatment of AD patients. In this study, for early detection of AD and prediction of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) conversion, we develop an automatic computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) framework based on a merit-based feature selection method through a whole-brain voxel-wise analysis using baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. We also explore the impact of different MRI spatial resolution on the voxel-wise metric AD classification and MCI conversion prediction. We assessed the proposed CAD framework using the whole-brain voxel-wise MRI features of 507 J-ADNI participants (146 healthy controls [HCs], 102 individuals with stable MCI [sMCI], 112 with progressive MCI [pMCI], and 147 with AD) among four clinically relevant pairs of diagnostic groups at different imaging resolutions (i.e., 2, 4, 8, and 16 mm). Using a support vector machine classifier through a 10-fold cross-validation strategy at a spatial resolution of 2 mm, the proposed CAD framework yielded classification accuracies of 91.13%, 74.77%, 81.12%, and 81.78% in identifying AD/healthy control, sMCI/pMCI, sMCI/AD, and pMCI/HC, respectively. The experimental results show that a lower spatial resolution (i.e., 2 mm) may provide more robust information to trace the neuronal loss-related brain atrophy in AD.
Occam’s Razor for Big Data? On Detecting Quality in Large Unstructured Datasets
Authors: Dresp-Langley Birgitta , Ekseth Ole Kristian , Fesl Jan , Gohshi Seiichi , Kurz Marc , Sehring Hans-Werner
Published: July 2019

Detecting quality in large unstructured datasets requires capacities far beyond the limits of human perception and communicability and, as a result, there is an emerging trend towards increasingly complex analytic solutions in data science to cope with this problem. This new trend towards analytic complexity represents a severe challenge for the principle of parsimony (Occam’s razor) in science. This review article combines insight from various domains such as physics, computational science, data engineering, and cognitive science to review the specific properties of big data. Problems for detecting data quality without losing the principle of parsimony are then highlighted on the basis of specific examples. Computational building block approaches for data clustering can help to deal with large unstructured datasets in minimized computation time, and meaning can be extracted rapidly from large sets of unstructured image or video data parsimoniously through relatively simple unsupervised machine learning algorithms. Why we still massively lack in expertise for exploiting big data wisely to extract relevant information for specific tasks, recognize patterns and generate new information, or simply store and further process large amounts of sensor data is then reviewed, and examples illustrating why we need subjective views and pragmatic methods to analyze big data contents are brought forward. The review concludes on how cultural differences between East and West are likely to affect the course of big data analytics, and the development of increasingly autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) aimed at coping with the big data deluge in the near future.
Tablet Scoring: Current Practice, Fundamentals, and Knowledge Gaps
Authors: Jacques Emmanuel Reginald , Alexandridis Paschalis
Published: July 2019

Oral solid dosage formulations and/or tablets have remained the preferred route of administration by both patients and health care practitioners. Oral tablets are easy to administer, they are non-invasive and cause less risk adversity. Because of the lack of commercially available tablet dose options, tablets are being split or partitioned by users. Tablet scoring refers to the breakage of a tablet to attain a desired efficacy dose and is an emerging concept in the pharmaceutical industry. The primary reason for the tablet scoring practice is to adjust the dose: dose tapering or dose titrating. Other reasons for tablet partitioning are to facilitate dose administration, particularly among the pediatric and the geriatric patient population, and to mitigating the high cost of prescription drugs. The scope of this review is to: (1) evaluate the advantages and inconveniences associated with tablet scoring/portioning, and (2) identify factors in the formulation and the manufacturing of tablets that influence tablet splitting. Whereas tablet partitioning has been a common practice, there is a lack of understanding regarding the fundamentals underpinning the performance of tablets with respect to splitting. Several factors can influence tablet partitioning: tablet size, shape, and thickness. A requirement has recently been set by the European Pharmacopoeia and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the uniformity of mass of subdivided tablets. For breaking ease, an in-vivo reference test and a routinely applicable in-vitro test need to be established.