bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Human Photoreceptoral Inputs from Night-Time Lights Using RGB Imaging Photometry
Authors: Sánchez de Miguel Alejandro , Bará Salvador , Aubé Martin , Cardiel Nicolás , Tapia Carlos E. , Zamorano Jaime , Gaston Kevin J.
Published: March 2019

Night-time lights interact with human physiology through different pathways starting at the retinal layers of the eye, from the signals provided by the rods, the S-, L- and M-cones, and the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC). These individual photic channels combine in complex ways to modulate important physiological processes, among them the daily entrainment of the neural master oscillator that regulates circadian rhythms. Evaluating the relative excitation of each type of photoreceptor generally requires full knowledge of the spectral power distribution of the incoming light, information that is not easily available in many practical applications. One such instance is wide area sensing of public outdoor lighting; present-day radiometers onboard Earth-orbiting platforms with sufficient nighttime sensitivity are generally panchromatic and lack the required spectral discrimination capacity. In this paper we show that RGB imagery acquired with off-the-shelf digital single-lens reflex cameras (DSLR) can be a useful tool to evaluate, with reasonable accuracy and high angular resolution, the photoreceptoral inputs associated with a wide range of lamp technologies. The method is based on linear regressions of these inputs against optimum combinations of the associated R, G, and B signals, built for a large set of artificial light sources by means of synthetic photometry. Given the widespread use of RGB imaging devices, this approach is expected to facilitate the monitoring of the physiological effects of light pollution, from ground and space alike, using standard imaging technology.
Characterizing Complex Mineral Structures in Thin Section of Geological Sample with a Scanning Hall Effect Microscope
Authors: Araujo Jefferson F. D. F. , dos Reis Andre L. A. , Oliveia Vanderlei C. , Santos Amanda F. , Luz-Lima Cleanio , Yokoyama Elder , Mendozaand Leonardo A. F. , Perreira Joao M. , Bruno Antonio C.
Published: March 2019

We improved a magnetic scanning microscope for measuring the magnetic properties of minerals in thin sections of geological samples at submillimeter scales. The microscope is comprised of a 200 µm diameter Hall sensor that is 142 µm from the sample; an electromagnet capable of applying to the sample up to 500 mT dc magnetic fields over a 40 mm diameter region; a second Hall sensor arranged in a gradiometric configuration to cancel the background signal applied by the electromagnet and reduce overall noise in the system; a custom-designed electronics to bias the sensors and provide adjustment for background signal cancelation; and a scanning XY stage with micrometer resolution. Our system achieves a spatial resolution of  220 µm with noise at 6.0 Hz of »300 nTrms/(Hz)1/2 in an unshielded environment. The magnetic moment sensitivity is 1.3 × 10−11 Am2.1/2 We successfully measured the representative magnetization of a geological sample using an alternative model that takes into account the sample geometry and identified different micrometric characteristics in the sample slice.
Model GARCH dengan Pendekatan Conditional Maximum Likelihood untuk Prediksi Harga Saham
Authors: Rahmadayanti Cipta , Rabbani Hasbi , Rohmawati Aniq Atiqi
Published: March 2019

Jual beli saham merupakan salah satu bentuk investasi yang menjanjikan para investor, investasi berkaitan dengan return atau keuntungan yang didapatkan oleh suatu investor atas suatu investasi yang dilakukan terhadap saham tertentu. Untuk mendapatkan nilai return pada beberapa periode kedepan dapat dilakukan prediksi, pada dasarnya prediksi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa metode, namun dengan menggunakan model time series diharapkan menghasilkan prediksi yang baik karna karakteristik dari data saham merupakan data time series yang bergerak kontinu terhadap waktu. Pada penelitian ini digunakan model time series Autoregressive (AR) dengan pendekatan Conditional Maximum Likelihood untuk memprediksi nilai return serta dapat melihat pergerakan harga saham. Nilai parameter yang penting pada model Autoregressive orde 1 adalah . Hasil penaksiran parameter dengan Conditional Maximum Likelihood digunakan untuk memperoleh nilai hasil prediksi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis,  model Autoregressive dengan pendekatan Conditional Maximum Likelihood adalah model yang baik untuk memprediksi return dan harga saham NASDAQ dengan RMSE sebesar 0,0002578. Berdasarkan hasil prediksi model AR(1), maka para investor dapat membuat strategi untuk berinvestasi pada indek saham NASDAQ agar dapat menghasilkan keuntungan.
Penerapan Metode AHP dan COPRAS-G untuk Menentukan Prioritas Perbaikan Drainase Pada Jalan Nasional Di Kota Bandung
Authors: Imrona Mahmud , Budiutama Aditya Arif , Darwiyanto Eko , Handayani Dini
Published: March 2019

Drainase merupakan salah satu bangunan pelengkap jalan berfungsi untuk mengurangi dan membuang kelebihan air dari suatu kawasan atau lahan, sehingga lahan dapat difungsikan secara optimal. Namun apabila terjadi kerusakan pada drainase maka kerusakan tersebut dapat menyebabkan bencana seperti banjir yang dapat mengakibatkan rusaknya struktur jalan, sehingga diperlukan pemeliharaan agar drainase tetap dapat berfungsi dengan baik. Namun pemeliharaan infrastruktur dibatasi oleh jumlah dana, waktu dan sumber daya. Keterbatasan tersebut mengakibatkan ketimpangan pengambilan keputusan dalam penentuan prioritas perbaikan drainase. Untuk menentukan prioritas perbaikan tersebut digunakan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk menghitung bobot setiap kriteria, metode COmplex PRoportional ASsessment of alternatives with Grey relations (COPRAS-G) untuk mendapatkan urutan prioritas perbaikan drinase dan metode Mean Absolute Error (MAE) untuk mendapatkan nilai akurasi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bobot setiap kriteria, kriteria pertama adalah Tingkat Kerusakan Drainase dengan bobot 0,71, Volume Kerusakan Drainase dengan bobot 0,20 dan kriteria ketiga Waktu Perbaikan Drainase dengan bobot 0,09. Dengan nilai CR 0,083 menunjukkan bahwa matriks kriteria adalah konsisten. Hasil akurasi dari perbandingan prioritas perbaikan drainase antara PPK PJN Metropolitan Bandung dan COPRAS-G sebesar 100%. Studi kasus jalan Soekarno-Hatta di kota Bandung.
Study on the Effect of Preprocessing Methods for Spam Email Detection
Authors: Ruskanda Fariska Zakhralativa
Published: March 2019

The use of email as a communication technology is now increasingly being exploited. Along with its progress, email spam problem becomes quite disturbing to email user. The resulting negative impacts make effective spam email detection techniques indispensable. A spam email detection algorithm or spam classifier will work effectively if supported by proper preprocessing steps (noise removal, stop words removal, stemming, lemmatization, term frequency). This research studies the effect of preprocessing steps on the performance of supervised spam classifier algorithms. Experiments were conducted on two widely used supervised spam classifier algorithms: Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machine. The evaluation is performed on the Ling-spam corpus dataset and uses evaluation metrics: accuracy. The experimental results show that different preprocessing steps give different effects to different classifier.
PRODIG (Prevention of new onset diabetes after transplantation by a short term treatment of Vildagliptin in the early renal post-transplant period) study: study protocol for a randomized controlled study
Authors: Gaiffe Emilie , Crepin Thomas , Bamoulid Jamal , Courivaud Cécile , Büchler Matthias , Cassuto Elisabeth , Albano Laetitia , Chemouny Jonathan , Choukroun Gabriel , Hazzan Marc , Kessler Laurence , Legendre Christophe , Meur Yannick Le , Ouali Nacera , Thierry Antoine , Anota Amélie , Nerich Virginie , Limat Samuel , Bonnetain Franck , Vernerey Dewi , Ducloux Didier
Published: March 2019

Background: Post-transplant diabetes is a frequent and serious complication of kidney transplantation. There is currently no treatment to prevent or delay the disease. Nevertheless, identification of risk factors make possible to target a population at risk to develop de novo diabetes. We hypothesized that a short term treatment with Vildagliptin may prevent new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) in high-risk patients. Method/design: This is a multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Patients undergoing first kidney transplantation will be included in 10 French transplant center. Included patients will be randomized (1:1) to receive either vildagliptin 100 or 50 mg/day (depending on glomerular filtration rate) during 2 months (the first dose being administered before entering the operating theatres) or placebo. Additional antidiabetic therapy could be administered according to glycemic control. The primary outcome is the proportion of diabetic patients 1 year after transplantation, defined as patients receiving a diabetic treatment, or having a fasting glucose above 7 mmol/l, or/and with an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test. Secondary outcomes include the glycated hemoglobin, the occurrence of acute rejection, infection, graft loss and patient death at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after transplantation. Outcomes will be correlated to clinical and general characteristics of the patient, cardiovascular history, nephropathy, dialysis history, transplantation data, biological data, the health-related quality of life and the cost-effectiveness of prevention of diabetes with vildagliptin. Discussion: There are only few data concerning pharmacological prevention of post-transplant diabetes. If our hypothesis is verified, our results will have a direct application in clinical practice and could limit diabetes-associated morbidity, reduce cardiovascular complications, increase quality of life of renal transplant patients, and consequently promote graft and patient survival. Our results may possibly serve for non-transplant patients carrying a high-risk of diabetes associated with other co-morbidities. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02849899 Registered on 8 February 2016.
Early Adolescent Skills for Emotions (EASE) programme for the treatment of psychological distress in adolescents: Study protocol for randomised controlled trials in Lebanon and Jordan
Authors: Brown Felicity Louise , Steen Frederik , Taha Karine , Aoun May , Bryant Richard A. , Jo Mark J.D. , Malik Aiysha , Ommeren Mark van , Abualhaija Adnan , Aqel Ibrahim Said , Ghatasheh Maha , Habashneh Rand , Sijbrandij Marit , Chammay Rabih El , Watts Sarah , Akhtar Aemal
Published: March 2019

Background There are significant barriers to accessible, quality mental health care for young adolescents affected by adversity. In an attempt to overcome this, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed the Early Adolescent Skills for Emotions (EASE) psychological intervention for young adolescents with internalizing problems. EASE is group-based (seven sessions for adolescents, three sessions for their caregivers) and can be delivered by non-specialist providers. This paper outlines the study protocols for two trials of EASE in the Middle-East - one in Lebanon and one in Jordan. Methods We will conduct two, single-blind, two-arm, individually randomised group treatment trials in Lebanon and Jordan, with at least 445 young adolescents per trial. Adolescents will be screened eligible for the trial if they demonstrate levels of psychological distress indicative of internalizing problems requiring treatment. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive the EASE programme, or enhanced usual care (one home-visit psychoeducation session). The primary outcome is reduction in overall child-reported psychological distress over time, with 3 months post-treatment as the primary end-point. Secondary child-reported outcomes include post-traumatic stress symptoms, depression symptoms, daily functioning, and wellbeing. Secondary caregiver-reported outcomes include parenting style, overall child distress, and caregiver psychological distress. Coping strategy use will be explored as a mediator of treatment effects, and relevant moderators of treatment effects will be explored. Discussion These trials will provide the first assessments of the effectiveness of the EASE intervention for use in the middle-east, with important implications for the use of low-cost, non-specialist interventions for this age range. Trial registration: Lebanon: ISRCTN, ISRCTN75375136; registered 11th March 2019, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN75375136. Jordan: Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12619000341123; registered 5th March 2019, https://www.anzctr.org.au/
Comparison of 22G Standard and Franseen Needles in Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration for Diagnosing Pancreatic Mass Lesions: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Itonaga Masahiro , Yasukawa Satoru , Shimokawa Toshio , Takenaka Mamoru , Fukutake Nobuyasu , Ogura Takeshi , Sakagami Junichi , Shiomi Hideyuki , Okura Yasushi , Inatomi Osamu , Matsumoto Hisakazu , Kurita Akira , Suzuki Azumi , Tanaka Kiyohito , Kitano Masayuki
Published: March 2019

Background Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) was developed with the aim of further improving the diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound. Although novel puncture needles have been specifically designed for collecting sufficient tissue specimens, clinical studies have indicated no clear difference in diagnostic performance between these novel needles and conventional puncture needles. Recently, a needle with Franseen geometry was developed specifically for EUS-FNA biopsy. Due to the characteristic shape of its tip, the Franseen needle is expected to be effective for scraping tissues, thus potentially increasing the diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNA biopsy. We plan to carry out a prospective, multicenter, open-labeled, randomized, controlled trial to compare conventional and Franseen needles in terms of the diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNA for evaluating the malignancy of pancreatic mass lesions. Methods/design The study will enroll 520 patients with pancreatic mass managed at any of 21 participating endoscopic centers. Lesion samples obtained using 22G conventional and Franseen needles will be assessed to compare the efficacy and safety of these two types of needles in EUS-FNA for evaluating the malignancy of mass lesions in the pancreas. Tissue samples will be fixed in formalin and processed for histologic evaluation. For the purpose of this study, only samples obtained with the first needle pass will be used for comparing the: (i) accuracy of the malignancy diagnosis, (ii) sensitivity and specificity for the malignancy diagnosis, (iii) procedure completion rate, (iv) sample cellularity, and (v) incidence of complications. Discussion The outcomes of this study may provide insight into the optimal needle choice for evaluating the malignancy of pancreatic solid lesions, thus aiding in the development of practice guidelines for pancreatic diseases. Trial registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR), ID: UMIN000030634. Registered on 29 December 2017. http://www.umin.ac.jp/ Version number: 01.2017.12.28
TİCARİ İŞLEMLERDE TAŞINIR REHNİ KANUNU KAPSAMINDA KURULAN REHİNLERDE REHİNLİ ALACAKLININ TATMİN EDİLMESİ
Authors: TUNCER KAZANCI İdil
Published: March 2019

6750 sayılı Ticari İşlemlerde
Taşınır Rehni Kanunu, rehin hukukumuza olduğu gibi, cebri icra hukukumuza da
birçok yenilik getirmiştir. Doktrinde haklı eleştirilerle karşılaşan kanun, bir
çok taşınırın rehne konu edilebileceğini düzenlemekte, fakat her bir taşınırların
mülkiyetinin ne şekilde devredileceği sorusuna cevap vermemektedir. Borçlunun
temerrüdü halinde uygulanacak hükümlerin kanun ile değil de bir yönetmelik ile
belirlenmiş olması da, icra ve iflas hukukuna hakim ilkelere aykırılık teşkil
etmesi bakımından dikkat çekicidir. Ticari işlemlerde taşınır rehnine sadece
dar anlamıyla taşınırların değil, alacak hakkı veya diğer başka hakların da
konu edilebilmesi, bu hakların ne şekilde alacaklıya devredileceği konusu, bu
süreçte İcra ve İflas Kanunu’nu hükümlerinin de uygulanmasını gerekli
kılmaktadır. Rehne konu taşınırın yok olması ya da tür değiştirmesi halinde
nasıl bir yol izleneceği de çözümlenmesi gereken bir soru olarak karşımıza
çıkmaktadır. Çalışmamızda, öncelikle takip sürecine genel olarak değinilmiş,
taşınırın türüne göre alacaklının nasıl tatmin edileceği sorusuna cevap
aranmıştır. Bu kapsamda icra ve iflas kanunu hükümlerinin uygulama alanı bulup
bulmayacağı da tartışılmıştır.
TÜRK VE ALMAN İDARE HUKUKU ÖĞRETİLERİNDE BELİRSİZ HUKUKİ KAVRAMLAR
Authors: ERDEM Julide Gül
Published: March 2019

İdari işlemlerin sebepleri kanunlarda çeşitli biçimlerde ortaya konur. Bazen kesin ifadeler kullanılırken bazen de belirsiz kavramlar kullanılarak ifade edildiği görülür. İşlemin sebebi, kamu düzeni, genel ahlak, kamu güveni, lüzum, gereklilik, yetersizlik gibi belirsiz kavramlarla açıklandıysa, idare için yapılması gereken ilk şey kavramın neyi ifade ettiğini bulmak ve sonra da somut olayın söz konusu kavramı karşılayıp karşılayamayacağını çözmektir. Bu aşamalarda idarenin serbestisinin sınırını çizmek ise en temel ve tartışmalı meselelerden biridir. Türk İdare Hukuku Doktrini, Alman İdare Hukuku Doktrininden farklı olarak, belirsiz hukuki kavramlar olgusunu çoğunlukla idarenin takdir yetkisi kavramından farklı ele alınması gereken bir konu olarak görmez. Ancak Alman İdare Hukukçuları takdir yetkisi ve belirsiz hukuki kavramları birbirinden titizlikle ayırır ve her ikisini de detaylı şekilde analiz eder. Buradan yola çıkarak da yargının denetim alanını ortaya koymaya çalışır. Alman Hukukçuların konuya yaklaşımı gitgide daha fazla hukuk sistemini etkisi altına alan bir yaklaşımdır ve tarihsel süreçteki travmatik deneyimlerinden beslenerek ortaya çıkmıştır.
New business model of integration practices between TQM and SCM: the role of innovation capabilities
Authors: Arrfou Hana
Published: March 2019

The concept of “total quality management (TQM)” is broadly used in business. Regardless of the fact that several studies have analyzed this topic, little research has been conducted on integrating total quality management and supply chain management (SCM) practices in business organizations. The role of innovation capabilities is considered to be highly valuable, because they are considered feasible approaches, which can be applied by top management to enhance organizational effectiveness and productivity. This study aims to develop a new business model that integrates the most important practices between total quality management and supply chain management, while emphasizing the role of innovation capabilities. This paper also suggests possibilities toward a new approach with regard to minimizing the cost and improving operational performance. Furthermore, it proposes a conceptual framework that shows the major variables in explaining the new business model of integration practices between TQM and SCM, and addressing the role of innovation capabilities to handle this model.
Role of No-Voting shareholder activism in corporate governance in a developing Arab country
Authors: Mohamed Albakoush Ali , Ishak Zuaini
Published: March 2019

Because of agency conflict in firms with dispersed ownership, governance mechanisms to mitigate this agency cost, such as shareholders’ active monitoring of the firm’s management, have been developed. However, shareholder activism is contextual; therefore, the characteristics of shareholder activism in corporate governance practices in Libyan listed companies we explored. The data were collected from the 42 non-financial and 22 financial companies listed in the Libyan stock market during 2007–2016. Data envelopment analysis was done to generate an efficiency score based on corporate governance and shareholder activism. Linear regression analysis was used to determine whether a relationship exists between the efficiency of corporate governance and shareholder activism. All the companies were characterized by joint private-government ownership. The companies had an average corporate governance index of 2.24. Implementation of the Libyan good corporate governance practices is anticipated to give a score ≥ 2.95.Vote “No” shareholder activism targeting the boards of directors and their committees was the predominant form of shareholder activism (average number of annual events = 3.08) compared to shareholder proposal (average annual events = 1.67) and shareholder negotiation with management (average annual events = 1.6). Shareholder activism was more frequent in companies with low than with average governance scores compared to those with above-average governance scores. Moreover, the scores of shareholder activism were inversely related to corporate governance scores (r = –0.766, p < 0.01). Ordinary least-squares regression analysis revealed that a decrease in corporate governance score of one unit was associated with a 57% increase in shareholder activism (B = –0.57, F = 30.64, p < 0.01).Our study findings indicate that poor corporate governance practices do influence the frequency of shareholder activism in Libyan listed companies. Vote “No” activism is the most frequently used form of shareholder activism. The less frequent use of shareholder proposals and negotiation with management is probably related to legal and sociocultural factors.
The history of the production and application of veterinary medications and biological preparations in Poland from the nineteenth century to 1945
Authors: SOBOLEWSKI JAROSŁAW
Published: March 2019

The year 1899 can be regarded as the beginning of the production of medications for animals in the Polish territories, for it was then that biological preparations made at the Department of Hygiene of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków were first mentioned by the press. The interwar period saw the development of not only the veterinary and bioveterinary industry, but also legislation that regulated its functioning. Although very advanced for those times, those laws were also susceptible to different interpretations and could easily be circumvented. In 1939, there were 33 Polish companies producing synthetic preparations and 6 producing serums and vaccines. One serious problem of the Polish pharmaceutical industry was the deficiency of domestic investment capital. The foreign ownership of the pharmaceutical industry amounted to 30%. Polish serums and vaccines for humans and animals fully covered the country’s needs and represented the strongest branch of the domestic pharmaceutical industry (in 1939, the Polish production of medicines met 3/4 of domestic demand). The development of industrial pharmacy in Poland was stopped by the outbreak of the Second World War. Many buildings were destroyed already at the beginning of the war in 1939. Post-war years showed that the foundations of the Polish pharmaceutical industry (including its veterinary branch) were solid. Polish pharmaceutical companies mostly recovered and sometimes even expanded their productive potential after the war.
Relationship between anemia, iron deficiency, and platelet production in dogs
Authors: MATUR ERDAL , EKIZ ELIF ERGUL , EREK MERT , ERGEN EZGI , KÜÇÜK SUAT HAYRI , ERHAN SONGÜL , ÖZCAN MUKADDES
Published: March 2019

Platelet production increases in anemic people. In particular, iron deficiency causes reactive thrombocytosis in such patients. Although anemia and iron deficiency are frequently seen in dogs, there are no published studies on this subject. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between anemia, iron deficiency, and platelet production in dogs. A total of 81 dogs brought to the university animal hospital with signs of anemia were used. Haemogram parameters, serum iron (Fe), erythropoietin (EPO), and thrombopoietin (TPO) levels, as well as total iron binding capacity (TIBC), were measured. Transferrin saturation (TSAT) ratios were calculated. The animals were categorized as anemic or non-anemic, mildly anemic or moderately/ severely anemic, and having iron deficiency or no iron deficiency according to haemogram parameters and the serum Fe level. A high platelet number was observed in dogs with mild anemia. Dogs with mild anemia also had higher serum EPO levels than dogs with moderate/severe anemia (P = 0.047). Iron deficiency was detected in 31 dogs. The platelet number was higher in dogs with iron deficiency (P = 0.004). It was also observed that dogs with iron deficiency had higher serum EPO levels (P = 0.027) and lower TPO levels (P = 0.025) than dogs without iron deficiency. In conclusion, it can be said that mild anemia and iron deficiency cause thrombocytosis in dogs. The increased serum EPO levels, both in dogs with mild anemia and those with iron deficiency, suggest that the increase in platelet production is due to EPO. Nevertheless, there is a need for further research to fully understand the underlying mechanism.
The licensing policy for groundwater extraction and management for hospitality industry in cities in developing countries
Authors: Sutrisno Endang , Jazilah Isnaeni
Published: March 2019

The fulfillment of water needs for living things is the responsibility of the State. State control of dealing with water is done through the arrangement and management of licenses ensuring the right of everyone to get water as a primary need. Groundwater extraction and management will be a separate issue when the legal norms do not guarantee certainty and justice for society. The Constitutional Court decision No. 85/PUU-XI/2013 dated February 18th, 2015, states that Law No. 7 of 2004 on Water Resources has no legal force. Therefore, the re-enactment of Law No. 11 of 1974 on watering gives impact to the regulation of groundwater extraction. This should meet the principles of the decision of the Constitutional Court. Governments, including local governments, have an important duty regarding groundwater management, so that the water needs can be fulfilled for all people.
Effects of different substrates on microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) anodic membrane: biodiversity and hydrogen production performance
Authors: Shao Qiongli , Li Jianchang , Yang Sixia , Sun Helin
Published: March 2019

To investigate the effects of different substrates on the biodiversity and hydrogen production performance of microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) anodic membranes, the vital electroactive microorganisms (e.g. in MEC hydrogen production) were worth identifying. In the present study, single-factor experiments were performed. Sodium acetate, sodium propionate, sodium butyrate, glucose and starch served as different substrates for MEC anodic culture experiments under the same condition. The effects of different substrates on the bioactivity, biomass and hydrogen production performance of MEC anodic films were analyzed. Also, the effects of different microbial communities on hydrogen production were studied using 16S rRNA sequencing. According to the experimental results, all the five substrates here can serve as hydrogen-producing raw materials for MEC. All indicators revealed that sodium acetate, sodium propionate and sodium butyrate are excellent biofilm culture materials. The serious acidification of glucose and starch was identified at the same substrate concentration, and the environment of the culture medium was difficult to control, which affected the growth and metabolism of electroactive microorganisms. In comparison, sodium acetate was the best, achieving a maximum output of 23.4 mA and a maximum hydrogen content of 25.85%. The other four were ranked as sodium butyrate > sodium propionate > glucose > starch. According to the results of high-throughput sequencing, when sodium acetate, sodium propionate, sodium butyrate, glucose and starch served as substrates, the number of operational taxonomic units reached 464, 728, 636, 784, and 1,083, respectively. Furthermore, when MEC was cultured with sodium acetate, sodium propionate and sodium butyrate as substrates, the electroactive microorganism Desulfuromonas in the Proteobacteria would contribute the most to producing hydrogen. The relative abundance of the five substrates was ranked as sodium acetate > sodium butyrate > sodium propionate > glucose > starch, suggesting that the MEC anodic film cultured with sodium acetate as the substrate exhibited the best hydrogen production performance, and the starch showed the worst. It is noteworthy that Desulfuromonas was the most abundant species according to sequencing results. When glucose and starch served as substrates, they exhibited high biodiversity. The anodic membranes cultured with sodium acetate, sodium propionate and sodium butyrate were not as good as those cultured with glucose and starch, yet the electroactive microorganisms were up-regulated.
The Role of Steroids and NSAIDs in Prevention and Treatment of Postsurgical Cystoid Macular Edema
Authors: Grzybowski Andrzej , Kanclerz Piotr
Published: March 2019

Background:

Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) remains one of the most common visionthreatening complication of phacoemulsification cataract surgery (PCS). Pharmacological therapy is the current mainstay of both prophylaxis, and treatment of PCME in patients undergoing PCS. We aimed to review pharmacological treatment options for PCME, which primarily include topical steroids, topical nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), periocular and intravitreal steroids, as well as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

Methods:

The PubMed and Web Of Science web platforms were used to find relevant studies using the following keywords: cataract surgery, phacoemulsification, cystoid macular edema, and pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Of articles retrieved by this method, all publications in English and abstracts of non-English publications were reviewed. Other studies were also considered as a potential source of information when referenced in relevant articles. The search revealed 193 publications. Finally 82 articles dated from 1974 to 2018 were assessed as significant and analyzed.

Results:

Based on the current literature, we found that corticosteroids remain the mainstay of PCME prophylaxis in uncomplicated cataract surgery, while it is still unclear if NSAID can offer additional benefits. In patients at risk for PCME development, periocular subconjunctival injection of triamcinolone acetonide may prevent PCME development. For PCME treatment the authors recommend a stepwise therapy: initial topical steroids and adjuvant NSAIDs, followed by additional posterior sub-Tenon or retrobulbar corticosteroids in moderate PCME, and intravitreal corticosteroids in recalcitrant PCME. Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents may be considered in patients unresponsive to steroid therapy at risk of elevated intraocular pressure, and with comorbid macular disease.

Conclusion:

Therapy with topical corticosteroids and NSAIDs is the mainstay of PCME prophylaxis and treatment, however, periocular and intravitreal steroids should be considered in refractory cases.
Cola Beverages: Clinical Uses versus Adverse Effects
Authors: Moghaddam Ehsan T. , Tafazoli Ali
Published: March 2019

Background: Excessive consumption of cola beverages is accompanied by numerous public health risks. But besides these well-known adverse effects, recently, several medical articles have been published that show some indications for cola beverages in clinical practice like resolution of gastrointestinal or feeding tube obstructions, increasing bioavailability and palatability of other medications, rehydration and other uses in healthcare settings. These approaches are not without shortcomings and complications.

Methods:

In this systematic review we tried to explore these new uses for practitioners and also reemphasize on the most evidence-based complications of cola consumption like bone loss and metabolic and cardiovascular adverse effects in cases of misuse and overuse from both clinical and nutritional points of view via searching the PubMed database.

Results:

We chose 145 journal articles from the most relevant ones plus 30 extra references and categorized their topics in two classes of medical uses and adverse effects.

Conclusion:

It could be stated that cola beverages have demonstrated interesting uses and benefits in medicine but their use should be regulated as strict as possible.
ÖZEL EĞİTİM OKUL MÜDÜRLERİNİN DEĞİŞİM EĞİLİMLERİ
Authors: İhtiyaroğlu Neslin , Karakurt Gökçe
Published: March 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, özel eğitim
okul müdürlerinin değişim eğilimlerinin, demografik değişkenler açısından
farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını incelemektir. Araştırma, betimsel desende
tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanını evrenini Türkiye’deki 1362 özel eğitim okul müdürü,
örneklemini ise tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 137 özel eğitim okul
müdürü oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler, kişisel bilgi formuyla ve
değişimde girişimcilik, değişimi yararına inanma, değişime direnç ve statükoyu
koruma olmak üzere dört boyuttan, 41 maddeden oluşan ve 5’li likert tipi bir
ölçek olan Değişim Eğilimleri Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS
21 paket programı kullanılarak Kruskal Wallis analiziyle test edilmiştir.
Araştırma sonuçları, özel eğitim okul müdürlerinin değişim eğilimlerinin olumlu olduğunu; değişim
eğilimleri alt boyutlarının daha önce görev yapılan eğitim kurumuna, öğrenim
durumuna ve alınan hizmet içi eğitim sayısına göre farklılaşmadığını; buna
karşın statükoyu koruma alt boyutunun mesleki kıdeme göre, değişimde
girişimcilik alt boyutunun ise yöneticilik kıdemine göre farklılaştığını ortaya
koymuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlardan hareketle araştırmanın sonunda özel eğitim
okul müdürlerinin değişim eğilimlerini arttırmaya yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Faktor-faktor yang Berpengaruh pada Akurasi Kode diagnosis di Puskesmas Rawat Jalan Kota Malang
Authors: Hastuti Endang Sri Dewi , Ali Mulyohadi
Published: March 2019

Akurasi kode diagnosis dalam rekam medik pasien kasus rawat jalan pada Puskesmas merupakan persyaratan penting sebagai sumber data epidemiologi karena besarnya kontribusi data Puskesmas sebagai layanan primer pada data nasional. Pengamatan dilapangan menunjukkan masih lemahnya akurasi kode diagnosis sesuai ICD-10 sehingaa penelitian inti dilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi keakuratan kode diagnosis penyakit berdasarkan ICD-10, serta menganalisa faktor-faktor mempengaruhi. Kajian cross sectional dilakukan di 5 Puskesmas Rawat Jalan Kota Malang, dengan faktor yang dikaji meliputi pengalaman kerja, pelatihan tentang kodefikasi diagnosis penyakit, ketersediaan buku ICD-10, ketersediaan SOP kode diagnosis dan pengetahuan tentang kodefikasi diagnosis penyakit, dan variabel terikatnya adalah akurasi kodefikasi diagnosis penyakit. Jumlah responden 15 koder terdiri dari 5 tenaga dokter, 5 tenaga dokter gigi dan 5 tenaga perawat yang berasal dari 5 Puskesmas dan kesemuanya terlibat dalam pengkodean diagnosis penyakit di Puskesmas. Jumlah sampel dokumen RM rawat jalan yang diperiksa keakuratannya dari setiap Puskesmas sebanyak 36 dokumen, yang diambil dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil analisa keakuratan kode diagnosis menunjukkan >50% responden menunjukkan akurasi kodefikasi diagnosis yang rendah (<50%). Hasil uji Fisher's Exact Test secara menunjukkan hubungan signifikan pengalaman kerja mengkode, tersedianya standar operasional prosedur (SOP) kode diagnosis dan pengetahuan tentang kodefikasi diagnosis penyakit, terhadap akurasi kode. Pengetahuan koder tentang kodefikasi diagnosis penyakit merupakan faktor yang paling berperan terhadap keakuratan kodefikasi diagnosis penyakit.
ПОШИРЕНІСТЬ І ТОПОГРАФІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ДЕФЕКТІВ ТВЕРДИХ ТКАНИН ЗУБІВ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ, ЯКІ ПРОЖИВАЮТЬ НА ПРИКАРПАТТІ.
Authors: Бульбук О. В.
Published: March 2019

Карієс зубів – одне з найбільш поширених захворювань людини. За даними різноманітних джерел (WHО, FDI) поширеність карієсу сягає понад 90% у дорослому віці. При оцінці поширеності карієсу в Україні дослідники отримують високі та дуже високі показники поширеності та інтенсивності карієсу зубів (у дорослих – 95-98 %). Дефекти твердих тканин коронки зуба найчастіше утворюються внаслідок карієсу, некаріозних уражень у вигляді гіпоплазії, флюорозу, патологічного стирання, травми зубів, а також вроджених вад формування емалі та дентину у дітей.

У роботі проводився аналіз поширеності і топографічної характеристики різних видів дефектів твердих тканин зубів у пацієнтів, які проживають на Прикарпатті. Клінічне дослідження проводилося на базі кафедри стоматології післядипломної освіти ННІПО ДВНЗ «Івано-Франківський національний медичний університет» в 2014-2018 рр.. Загалом було обстежено 304 пацієнти для встановлення  етіології, поширеності дефектів твердих тканин зубів, ускладнень, що виникають при такій патології.

Встановлено, що найбільше поширені серед всіх груп зубів дефекти молярів (38,9%). Найбільш розповсюдженою локалізацію мали дефекти 1 типу на різцях (23,9%), 1 типу на іклах (37,5%), 1 типу на премолярах (40,8%) та 1 типу на молярах (43,25%).

Таким чином проведені нами дослідження дозволили систематизувати види дефектів для всіх груп зубів та оцінити розповсюдженість різних видів дефектів твердих тканин у досліджуваних пацієнтів, які проживають на Прикарпатті.
РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЙНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ САНАТОРНО-КУРОРТНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ МОРШИНКУРОРТ
Authors: Чурпій І. К. , Голод Н. Р. , Федірко А. М. , Мельник О. В.
Published: March 2019

Мета дослідження: провести аналіз лікувальної діяльності та реабілітаційного потенціалу санаторно-курортного комплексу Моршинкурорт.

Методи дослідження: Порівняльний аналіз лікування пацієнтів «Санаторій «Дністер» за 2017 та 2018 роки. Методи математичної статистики, синтезу та аналізу.

Результати дослідження: 27.10.2017р. на базі Відділень: «Санаторій «Перлина «Прикарпаття»; «Санаторій «Лаванда»; «Санаторій «Дністер»; «Санаторій «Черемош» ДП «СКК «Моршинкурорт» ЗАТ «Укрпрофоздоровниця» відбулося відкриття реабілітаційних відділень відповідно до профілів. Зокрема у Відділенні «Санаторій «Дністер» організовано з 01 грудня 2017 року відділення реабілітації за наступними профілями реабілітації: медико-психологічна реабілітація учасників АТО: порушення адаптації, розлади пов’язані із споживанням їжі, неорганічні розлади сну, соматоформні розлади, неврастенія на 30 ліжок. Початок функціонування відділення з 01 січня 2018 року; кардіо-пульмонарна реабілітація: підгострий період захворювань легень, підгострий період після операцій на легенях, у тому числі з приводу гнійних процесів не туберкульозного характеру (для дорослих хворих) на 20 ліжок. Початок функціонування відділення з 12 жовтня 2018 року.

Переважають пацієнти із захворюваннями органів травлення. В оздоровниці функціонує два профільні гастроентерологічні відділення на 296 ліжок, та два відділення реабілітації. Бальнеологічні і фізіотерапевтичні процедури хворі отримують у Відділенні «Бальнеологічна лікарня». Обстеження пацієнтів Відділення «Санаторій «Дністер» здійснюються у Відділенні «Лікувально-діагностичний центр» та Відділенні «Бальнеологічна лікарня». В 2018 році у Відділенні «Санаторій «Дністер» закінчило лікування 3621 хворих. В результаті проведеного санаторно-курортного лікування досягнута значна ефективність в оздоровленні хворих, з покращенням закінчили лікування усі хворі.
NEPHROPATHIC CHARACTERISTICS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2 AND ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSIVE DISEASE
Authors: Вірстюк Н. Г. , Іквука А. О.
Published: March 2019

In diabetes mellitus type 2 combined with essential hypertensive disease, the risk of kidney failure increases by 15-20 times. Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of kidney failure - about 34% of all cases. So important is early diagnosis and regular monitoring of renal function in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and essential hypertensive disease.
ВПЛИВ МЕТЕОРОЛОГІЧНИХ ЧИННИКІВ У ПЕРЕДГІР’Ї КАРПАТ НА ЧАСТОТУ ВИНИКНЕННЯ ГІПЕРТОНІЧНИХ КРИЗІВ У РІЗНІ СЕЗОНИ РОКУ
Authors: Левченко В. А. , Гордійчук Л. І. , Левченко Л. В. , Зарівна І. В. , Свистун І. І.
Published: March 2019

Різкі коливання метеорологічних факторів в різні сезони року на тлі гіпертонічної хвороби можуть сприяти формуванню гіпертонічних кризів. Аналіз 12364 викликів бригад швидкої медичної допомоги до хворих із діагнозом «Гіпертензивний криз» за 2016 рік та показників погоди за цей період, показав, що частота викликів до хворих із гіпертензивним кризом більше корелювала зі зниженням атмосферного тиску (r = - 0,876, p˂0,05); менше значимою була кореляція з показниками вологості – (r = - 0,119) та середньою добовою температурою – (r = - 0,264).

Стан загальної адаптаційної реакції вегетативної нервової системи у гіпертоніків із підвищеною метеорологічною чутливістю оцінювали по тимчасовим (SDNN, RMSSD) і спектральним (HF, LF, VLF) показникам кардіоритмограми. Було встановлено, що у хворих із метеотропними реакціями, в зимово-весняний період року, відзначається перевага окремих показників, які відображають підвищену симпатичну або змішану активність.

При лікуванні хворих із гіпертонічною хворобою медикаментозну корекцію метеотропних реакцій необхідно починати з моменту встановлення метеолабільності, особливо за 1-2 дні до передбачуваних змін погоди з урахуванням стану пацієнта.
РОЛЬ СУГЕСТИВНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ У ВІДНОВНОМУ ЛІКУВАННІ ХВОРИХ ПІСЛЯ ГОСТРОГО КОРОНАРНОГО СИНДРОМУ
Authors: Нестерак Р. В.
Published: March 2019

Резюме. Мета. Оцінити ефективність застосування сугестивного та навчальних впливів у хворих з різними формами ІХС та застосованими методами відновного лікування.
Identifying Sleep-Deprived Authors of Tweets: Prospective Study
Authors: Melvin Sara , Jamal Amanda , Hill Kaitlyn , Wang Wei , Young Sean D
Published: March 2019

Background

Social media data can be explored as a tool to detect sleep deprivation. First-year undergraduate students in their first quarter were invited to wear sleep-tracking devices (Basis; Intel), allow us to follow them on Twitter, and complete weekly surveys regarding their sleep.

Objective

This study aimed to determine whether social media data can be used to monitor sleep deprivation.

Methods

The sleep data obtained from the device were utilized to create a tiredness model that aided in labeling the tweets as sleep deprived or not at the time of posting. Labeled data were used to train and test a gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network as to whether or not study participants were sleep deprived at the time of posting.

Results

Results from the GRU neural network suggest that it is possible to classify the sleep-deprivation status of a tweet’s author with an average area under the curve of 0.68.

Conclusions

It is feasible to use social media to identify students’ sleep deprivation. The results add to the body of research suggesting that social media data should be further explored as a potential source for monitoring health.
A cadeia produtiva da fábrica do carnaval carioca - Episódio 02
Authors: Vidal Maurício , Machado Marcos
Published: March 2019

O Infográfico animado ou artefato, de acordo com a metodologia Design Science Research, foi desenvolvido como um modelo de fluxograma da cadeia criativa/produtiva na Cidade do Samba, sendo este a representação gráfica do dinâmico processo de criação coletiva na fábrica do carnaval sob a ótica do Design. Este infográfico foi desenvolvido como resultado do Mestrado Profissional em Gestão da Economia Criativa (linha de pesquisa de Design de Experiência e Estratégias de Inovação) da  ESPM – Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing.
Evaluation of external audit services: An empirical approach on health care organizations
Authors: Drogalas George , Karagiorgos Alkiviadis , Mitskinis Dimitrios , Antonakis Nikolaos
Published: March 2019

The International Auditing Standards mainly concern the quality of audit work and their objective is to help the external auditor provide reasonable assurance for the financial statements with the most effective way. The aim of this paper is to evaluate external audit services based on the International Standards on Auditing. Specifically, there is an empirical approach in the health sector aimed at the investigation of the quality of the audit work, the general principles and responsibilities, the risk assessment, the audit evidence and using the work of others. To facilitate the progress of this research, a questionnaire was created and distributed to the employees of the Economic Departments of the largest health care organizations in Northern Greece. The results depict that “risk assessment”, “audit evidence” and “using the work of others” are factors that affect positively audit quality.
The role of spillovers in Okun’s law: Empirical evidence from Spain
Authors: Villaverde José , Maza Adolfo
Published: March 2019

The Great Recession of the late 2000s has brought to the fore, once again, the relevance of the relationship between output performance and labour market developments all over the world. This paper analyses the validity of Okun?s law in Spain by using regional data from 2000 to 2014, which roughly encompasses a complete business cycle. By estimating a Spatial Panel Durbin Model, the results not only show that a robust, inverse relationship between unemployment and output holds for Spain but also the existence of regional spillovers (indirect effects). In addition, they reveal that there are no time asymmetries between the expansion and recession phases of the business cycle and that human capital, the share of the construction sector, and the share of temporary workers are key factors in explaining unemployment changes. From a policy perspective, our findings support the idea of implementing region-specific policies, since indirect effects are less relevant than direct ones. In any case, national policies would also be effective. These policies, whatever their scope, should be mainly supply-side oriented in expansions (largely labour market policies) and demand-side focused in contractions.
Selection Benefits of Below-Market Pay in Social-Mission Organizations: Effects on Individual Performance and Team Cooperation
Authors: Chen Clara Xiaoling , Pesch Heather L. , Wang Laura W.
Published: March 2019

Many organizations whose core purpose is to advance a social mission pay employees below-market wages. We investigate two under-appreciated benefits of below-market pay in these social-mission organizations. In a series of experiments, we predict and find that, holding employees' outside opportunities constant, those attracted to social-mission organizations that pay below-market wages perform better individually and cooperate more effectively in teams than those attracted to social-mission organizations that pay higher wages. The individual performance effect arises because below-market pay facilitates the selection of value-congruent employees who are naturally inclined to work hard for the organizational mission. The team cooperation effect arises because employees expect team members who have selected a social-mission job that pays below market to be more value-congruent and, therefore, more cooperative than those who have selected a social-mission job that pays higher wages. Collectively, we demonstrate that in social-mission organizations, offering below-market pay can yield selection benefits.