bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Después del manicomio
Authors: Villa-Palomino Julio , Shimabukuro Higa Alexandra Hiromi , Cornejo Rossello Guillermo Percy
Published: July 2024

Este artículo explora la transición hacia la salud mental comunitaria en el Perú desde 1980 hasta el 2022. Usando una aproximación desde la antropología médica y ciencias sociales afines, argumentamos que la reforma en salud mental comunitaria en el Perú ha sido influenciada y modelada por múltiples procesos sociohistóricos y políticos como el periodo de conflicto armado interno, crisis económicas y la adopción de políticas neoliberales. Esta investigación se basa en un análisis de los diferentes lineamientos, reportes y normas técnicas referidas a la salud mental, observación participante en un Centro de Salud Mental Comunitario y con residentes de un distrito de Lima Metropolitana, y entrevistas con ciudadanos y proveedores de salud. El análisis de los lineamientos evidencia los distintos procesos sociohistóricos que influyen sobre las políticas de salud mental en el país. Los hallazgos etnográficos complican las distintas percepciones que tienen los ciudadanos del modelo de salud mental comunitaria y el proceso de desinstitucionalización. Ahora que el cuidado de la salud mental se realiza en la comunidad, nuestro análisis etnográfico señala los cambios en las distintas nociones que se tienen sobre locura, ciudado y salud y enfermedad mental. La reforma en salud mental también genera oportunidades, como el activismo en salud mental y la potencial inclusión de actores comunitarios, así como de personas con problemas de salud mental en la elaboración de sus diagnósticos y sus tratamientos.
Genetic Polymorphisms and Association of Growth Hormone Gene with Growth Traits in Beetal Goat
Authors: Dhillon Surpreet Singh , Kumar Dhirendra , Khan Nazam , Chakraborty Dibyendu , Khan Kashif Dawood , Mahajan Vikas
Published: July 2024

Background: This investigation was aimed to determine the association of growth hormone GH1 (A781G) and GH2 (A1575G) locus with growth traits in Beetal goats by using PCR-RFLP method. Methods: A total of 60 blood samples from Beetal goat were collected along with growth records (body weight in kg) at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 month of age maintained at Goat Dairy Farm Rajbagh, Jammu. DNA was extracted from blood samples by using DNA extraction kit. The target segment of GH 1 and 2 locus was amplified and digested with HaeIII restriction enzyme for scoring of genotypes. Result: The amplified PCR product obtained for GH1 (422 bp) and GH2 (116 bp) locus were digested with HaeIII restriction enzyme at 37°C for 15 min. The resultant digested products revealed three genotypes for GH1: AA (422 bp), BB (366 bp, 56 bp) and AB (422 bp, 366 bp and 56 bp) whereas, one genotype was observed for GH2 i.e., BB (88bp and 28bp). The genotypic frequencies in Beetal goat for GH1 were found to be 0.05 for AA genotype, 0.80 for AB genotype, 0.15 for BB genotype, whereas gene frequencies was 0.45 for A allele and 0.55 for B allele. GH2 locus was found to be monomorphic. The highly significant (P less than 0.01) Chi-square (χ²)-test value for GH1 locus showed that the population was not in HWE. BB genotype has a significantly higher (P less than 0.01) body weight followed by AA and AB genotypes at 9 and 12 month of age. Thus, GH1 locus can be used as a candidate gene to improve growth traits and selection of superior animals at an early age of 9 months for phenotypic selection programmes in Beetal goats.
Desierto de memoria y recuerdos: una reflexión en torno al sujeto femenino desde la cosmovisión wayuu en la narrativa de Vicenta Siosi Pino y Estercilia Simanca Pushaina
Authors: Romero Rios Harold Enrique
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo de reflexión estudia la configuración del sujeto femenino a través del discurso literario de las escritoras wayuu Vicenta Siosi Pino y Estercilia Simanca Pushaina a partir de los vínculos entre los recuerdos y los hechos, que constituyen la memoria cultural de su comunidad. Desde este punto de vista, se propone un análisis sobre la relevancia del pasado al momento de develar huellas de acontecimientos históricos que marcan precedentes dentro de la tradición oral de la etnia. En este sentido, el principal hallazgo radica en que, desde el contenido ficcional de sus testimonios narrados, se establece un vínculo entre la cultura, el testimonio vivo y los imaginarios relacionados con la figura de la mujer. Se revisa la relación de los textos con una dinámica de continuidad o ruptura con las implicaciones que posee ejercer este rol dentro de la colectividad, resultado del acontecer sociohistórico como metáfora del pasado y de las prácticas sociales establecidas por el pueblo wayuu.
E-tax System Adoption and Tax Compliance in Ethiopia: Large and Medium Taxpayers’ Experience
Authors: Yimam Seid , Lidetu Kebede , Belete Tihtina
Published: July 2024

This study assesses the trend in adopting e-filing by medium and large taxpayers, and the role of e-filing in improving tax compliance in Ethiopia. As they increase convenience and flexibility for taxpayers and reduce their compliance costs, e-filing and e-payment technologies were introduced in the tax administration to improve tax compliance and boost revenue collection. Specifically, it is widely believed that the innovations could save taxpayers time preparing and returning taxes and paying liabilities. They also could reduce errors and opportunities for corruption. However, there is no evidence of how effectively taxpayers use the technologies. Our study fills this gap by examining the trend adoption rate of e-filing and the correlation between e-filing adoption and tax compliance of large and medium taxpayers. More broadly, we briefly examine and summarise the current state of e-payment practices in Ethiopia. Summary of ICTD Working Paper 180.
ANALISIS POLA CURAH HUJAN DI WILAYAH SUMATERA BAGIAN UTARA MENGGUNAKAN FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM (FFT)
Authors: Albeta Risa , Ishkaq Iskandar  , Hamdi Akhsan  , Suhadi
Published: July 2024

This  research was conducted in North Sumatra, namely at Iskandar Muda, Malikussaleh and Deli Serdang stations in the period 1885 to 2019. The purpose of the study was to analyze seasonal and interannual rainfall patterns. The method used is Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and correlation between rainfall, sea surface temperature and wind. The results of the study showed that the rainfall pattern at Iskandar Muda, Malikussaleh and Deli Serdang stations had two peaks of rainfall. The peak rainfall of the three stations occurs in May and the second peak has differences between Deli Serdang and Iskandar Muda and Malikussaleh stations. Where the peaks of high periodization are only in the 6-month and 12-month periods. There is also a peak periodogram from each station seen in 18-30 months. Rainfall periodogram analysis shows the magnitude of data frequency for each phase cycle and its frequency. The correlation between rainfall, wind and sea surface temperature (SST) at the three stations has a different pattern. At Deli Serdang station, there is an influence of ENSO and IOD, while at Iskandar Muda and Malikussaleh stations there is no influence of ENSO and IOD. Then in the September, October, November (SON) season at the three stations there is no visible influence of ENSO and IOD.
JAMINAN PRODUK HALAL BAGI PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN TELAAH RUUJPH (RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG JAMINAN PRODUK HALAL) DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Fathimah Ema , Zailia Siti
Published: July 2024

Indonesia the most populous to-5 as well as the largest Muslim population is a potential market opportunities for the consumption of food products, medicines and cosmetics for the businesses of their own country and from abroad. A transaction from interactions between businesses and consumers is not everything went smoothly but many violations committed by both sides, by both businesses and consumers, but in reality there are a lot more problems that harm consumers.
TANGGUNGJAWAB HAKIM PENGAWAS DALAM PENGURUSAN HARTA DEBITUR PASCA PAILIT
Authors: Utama Cholida , Holijah Holijah
Published: July 2024

Bankruptcy can happen for more rapid development of economic and trade issues which arise various debts that arise in the community. So also with the monetary crisis in Indonesia has given the unfavorable impact on the national economy, causing great hardship to the business community in resolving debts to continue its operations. So the need for an alternative solution for all parties to ensure the settlement of accounts payable business through bankruptcy institutions, and of the seizure is the expectation that all creditors receive payment of the balance of the proceeds from the seized assets.
Variations of Mutme Shell Biobricets on Thermal Characteristics
Authors: Fakhrullah Rahmad , Fera Annisa  , Nur Aida  , Fitriyawany  , Muhammad Nasir
Published: July 2024

This research explores the potential of nutmeg shells as an alternative energy source in the form of biobriquettes and their use as a learning resource for understanding heat materials.  This research was also motivated by the lack of utilization of nutmeg shells, which are rich in energy. The aim of this research is to determine the process of making charcoal biobriquettes from nutmeg shell waste, determine the characteristics of the biobriquettes produced, and determine students' responses to the biobriquettes that have been developed. This research method uses an experimental approach, with a focus on the physical and chemical characteristics of biobriquettes. The results of research on the process of making charcoal biobriquettes from nutmeg shell waste go through several stages, namely drying, burning, grinding, mixing with adhesive and water, molding, and drying in the sun. The revealing variations in the characteristics of nutmeg shell biobriquettes at carbonization temperatures of 400°C, 450°C, and 500°C, including density, water content, ash content, and heating value. The percentage of students' responses to biobriquettes in heat learning was 76.25%. Thus, it can be concluded that the process of making charcoal briquettes from nutmeg shell waste can be produced as an alternative energy that meets the characteristics of biobriquettes in accordance with the Indonesian National Standards, and also students' responses to the biobriquettes that were developed are very suitable as a source of learning heat material.
Les possibilités de la région forestière de la Haute-Guinée Française
Authors: Adam J.G.
Published: July 2024

La zone forestière de cette partie de la Guinée française comprend d'importantes zones de forêts denses avec de nombreuses espèces pour lesquelles la demande actuelle est importante. Les zones situées au large de la partie nord du Liberia pourraient être facilement et régulièrement exploitées afin de répondre aux besoins du marché ouest-africain (Liberia, Soudan, Haut-Sénégal, Haute-Guinée).
A propos des figures du bois
Authors: Baumer Michel
Published: July 2024

Plusieurs termes sont utilisés pour décrire les différentes figures du bois et ils sont souvent mal utilisés. Nous avons tenté de préciser leur signification et de les comparer avec le glossaire anglais. Après avoir donné des notions générales sur la structure du bois, l'auteur étudie l'influence de la structure et de l'économie sur les bois figurés obtenus. La terminologie peut être simplifiée si ces deux facteurs sont pris en compte simultanément.Les figures les plus connues sont considérées sous cet angle. Les expériences les plus importantes concernant la production de bois figuré sont ensuite réexaminées.
“Daring and Heart-Wrenching Jewish Film”— Reception of Aleksander Ford’s “Border Street” in Israel
Authors: Pietrzak Maciej
Published: July 2024

The main subject of the paper is the distribution and critical reception of the film Border Street (dir. A. Ford, 1948) in Israel at the end of the 1940s. Conducting a review of archival diplomatic reports and texts published in the Israeli press of the time, the author reconstructs the strategic rationale behind the film’s export to the Jewish state and analyzes its reception in local media. The conducted analysis demonstrates the significant popularity of the film in Israel and the considerable role Border Street played in the context of broader cultural and diplomatic relations between the two nations.
The prospect of processing waste rock from coal mines with subsequent use in construction
Authors: Vereh-Belousova Ekaterina , Harlamova Alina
Published: July 2024

Objective: research and justification of the prospects for processing waste rock from coal mines of the Lugansk People’s Republic with its further use in the construction industry. Methods: sampling of the dump rock was carried out, followed by laboratory resear ch: Al2O3 content (up to 22 %) and total sulfur (up to 4 %) in rock samples of varying degrees of metamorphism, indicators of its plasticity and radiation characteristics (up to 220 Bk/kg). Results: the issues of processing rock dumps from coal mines of the Lugansk People’s Republic as raw materials for the production of building materials are considered. A brief analysis of the currently existing methods for obtaining various building materials from waste rocks has been carried out. The laboratory data obtained, after studies of samples of waste rock from a number of mines, prove the possibility of using coal waste in civil, industrial and road construction. Practical importance: the research and detailed analysis of various indicators and properties of coal mining waste in the Lugansk People’s Republic, including specific effective activity and evaporation coefficient, make it possible to use waste rock as raw material in the construction industry in the production of materials for industrial, civil and road construction.
The influence of the parameters of bridge structures of high-speed railways on the dynamic properties of the bridge-freewaysystem
Authors: Smirnov Vladimir , Lukovnikov Egor
Published: July 2024

Objective: to determine the influence on the frequencies and shapes of free vibrations of multi-span bridge structures of high-speed railways of such factors as the longitudinal modulus of elasticity of the connection of the rail with the sub-rail base, the stiffness of the supports in the direction along the bridge and the massiveness of the intermediate supports. Methods: the article considers a four-span bridge with a jointless path modeled as an elastic beam on an elastic base, for which the oscillation forms and their corresponding natural frequencies are determined for various parameters of the bridge-jointless path system. Results: the data presented in the article make it possible to take into account the presence of a jointless track on the bridge and its participation in the work of the bridge structure when designing bridge structures on high-speed railways, which makes it possible to make constructive decisions of the elements of the object more reasonably. Practical significance: since the dynamic reaction of a structure is entirely determined by its dynamic properties, it becomes extremely important to identify the spectrum of natural frequencies and oscillation patterns of a bridge structure when taking into account the operation of a jointless track on a bridge, which unites the structure into a single system, ensuring the compatibility of the elements of the bridge-jointless track system under longitudinal train and temperature influences, which It makes it possible to reflect the actual operation of the structure and, ultimately, allows you to build more economical bridge supports.
Accumulation of thermal energy of oil and coolant of a diesel engine of a shunting diesel locomotive
Authors: Svechnikov Aleksandr
Published: July 2024

Objective: to substantiate the effectiveness of using heat-storing materials to preserve the thermal energy of the oil and coolant of the diesel power plant of a shunting diesel locomotive. To achieve this goal it is necessary: to identify the relevance of the problem of preserving the thermal energy of oil and coolant during the operation of diesel locomotives in conditions of negative ambient temperatures; develop a concept for the use of heat-storing phase transition materials in the oil and water systems of a diesel locomotive; carry out the selection of heat-storing materials based on their physical properties and the operating characteristics of diesel locomotive engine systems; conduct laboratory experimental studies to assess the effectiveness of using a particular heat-storing material. Methods: physical experiment performed in laboratory conditions, which consists of recording the temperature of the working medium (oil and water) and the temperature of the heat-storing material used depending on the cold idle time. Experimental studies make it possible to more accurately select the most preferred materials for accumulating heat from oil and water in diesel locomotive engine systems. Results: an experimental dependence of the temperature of various heat-accumulating materials on the cold idle time was constructed, which makes it possible to justify the use of stearin to accumulate heat from engine oil and cooling system water. Practical importance: the research was carried out as part of the implementation of a grant from Russian Railways JSC for young scientists to conduct scientific research aimed at creating new equipment and technologies for use in railway transport and recommended for use in the locomotive complex. Grant agreement No. 5103675 dated December 26, 2022 “Thermal accumulator for the pre-start preparation system for diesel locomotives in the cold season”
Comparison of annual railway freight turnover and automobile transport of the Russian Federation: modeling, verification, point and interval forecast
Authors: Gerasimenko Petr
Published: July 2024

Purpose: a study was conducted comparing the freight turnover of rail and road transport in the Russian Federation over the last twenty years and a forecast assessment was made. The comparative assessment was carried out due to the excess of freight turnover by rail over road transport. The study includes the following main stages: modeling based on the observed annual values of cargo turnover; model verification by comparing model and experimental values in years not involved in the construction of the model; model point and interval forecasting; analysis of the forecast trend of changes. The mathematical model of the excess of freight turnover by rail over road transport from the year of cargo delivery is based on a sample of statistical data from Rosstat from 2004 to 2021. The model was verified based on the results of cargo turnover in 2022 and 2023. Methods: to build a mathematical model, test it and carry out forecasting, a number of theoretical provisions of econometrics were used, including dynamic series, regression analysis, the least squares method, point and interval forecasting. The applied calculation apparatus was used using the Excel PPP. Results: the quality of the constructed model was evaluated by the following indicators: approximation errors, correlation and determination coefficients, and the Fisher criterion. A comparison of the observed and model values of excess cargo turnover showed that in the period from 2004 to 2021, according to the above indicators, they have minor deviations. The verification performed confirmed the satisfactory simulation. Practical significance: the conducted research has shown that it is possible to predict the results of transport operations according to the described algorithm and it is justified to make management decisions at the beginning of their implementation. Recommendations: to continue improving the modeling and forecasting apparatus, taking into account the assessment of risk indicators.
Assessment of the influence of irregularities and the model of the rail track on the dynamic qualities of a freight car
Authors: Bogdanovich Alesya , Saidova Alina
Published: July 2024

Objective: compare the requirements of documents RD 32.68-96 and PNST 511-2020 regarding the assignment of unevenness of rail threads during computer modeling of railway crews. To evaluate the influence of irregularities and the model of the rail track on the dynamic qualities of a freight car when moving along straight and curved sections. Methods: a review and analysis of various standards for calculated track irregularities (RD 32.68-96 and PNST 511-2020), as well as an assessment of the influence of the rail track model on dynamic qualities of a freight car, allowed to form the most representative calculation cases for modeling the movement of a railway carriage along a track of various designs (straight, curved sections) and conduct a study of the dynamics of a freight car in a specialized environment the Universal Mechanism software package. Results: a comparison of different regulatory documents used in the Russian Federation and the current standards for calculated track irregularities has been carried out. Computer modeling methods have been used to obtain histograms of various indicators for a universal gondola car mounted on bogies of model 18-100 when moving along a path of various designs. Practical importance: the obtained results of the work can later be used to develop the theoretical foundations of the national standard on railway track irregularities for modeling the movement of rolling stock.
In the service of Russian science: the contribution of German historians of the Imperial Academy of Sciences of the 18th century to the development of scientific interest in the history of Russian law
Authors: Vasilyeva Evgeniya V.
Published: July 2024

In the 18th century, with the assistance of the state, impetus was given to the development of general histo-ry as a science. An overview of state policy is given that has provided conditions for the creative activity of for-eign historians in Russia, which is associated with the determination of the main directions of scientific research. The purpose of the work is to reveal the contribution of German scientists: G.S. Bayer, G.F. Miller and A.L. Schlözer, to the development of scientific interest in historical and legal problems. The analysis of the crea-tive heritage of foreign academics allowed us to come to the conclusion about the significant contribution of the latter to the formation and development of the scientific methodology of general history and later the history of Russian law. We reveal the content of the main activities of G.S. Bayer, G.F. Miller, A.L. Schlözer in Russia, which contributed to the definition of a range of scientific problems for future general historical and historical-legal research, the accumulation of empirical material, and the development of a critical method of working with the source. It is emphasized that German historians were among the first to attempt to reveal the specifics of legal sources and comprehend their value for both scientists and legal practitioners. The research is based on the principle of historicism, which implies consideration of the subject (the scientific activities of G.S. Bayer, G.F. Miller and A.L. Schlözer, contributing to the formation and development of professional interest in the his-tory of Russian law) in dynamics and in direct connection with specific historical conditions. The principle of in-terdisciplinarity involves the use of scientific techniques and categories from the field of intellectual history, theory of state and law, history of state and law of Russia. In addition to general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction), special methods (specifically historical, method of synchronous analysis and biographical description) are used to achieve the research goal.
The norm-definition of artificial intelligence: a new perspective
Authors: Kovanov Evgeniy S.
Published: July 2024

The main authorized approaches to a definitive description of the artificial intelligence phenomenon are considered using the example of the Russian Federation and foreign state and legal entities (Great Britain, the USA, the European Union). The shortcomings and problem areas of each recognized terminological definition are described in detail. Specific points are indicated, where exactly their imperfections lie. Among domestic re-searchers, the author’s positions of I.V. Ponkin and A.I. Redkina, P.M. Morkhat, A.V. Minbaliev, Yu.G. Arzamasov are considered, which, for all their objective advantages, also contain an element of incompleteness. The author’s norm is proposed and explained-the definition of artificial intelligence, which consists of five mandatory components: complex technology, human-like activity, solving certain tasks, “mental” functionality and con-ditional autonomy. The norm-definition itself, which should be included in the conceptual apparatus of the rele-vant federal law, is formulated as follows: “artificial intelligence is a complex technology capable of autono-mously conducting human-like activities aimed at properly performing specific tasks, commensurate with the inherent imitation of mental parameters. The concept of “integrated technology” includes a complete hardware and software infrastructure, a regulated environment for working with data and achieving certain results, monitoring and control systems, and a unified information and communication platform”. In the final part, it is concluded that it is the correct description of the innovation under study in law that can lead the country to leadership in this area.
Features of special knowledge use in the iatrogenic crimes investigation
Authors: Potapov Sergey A.
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the study is due to the importance of using knowledgeable persons in the iatrogenic crimes disclosure and investigation. The problems of investigating these crimes are determined by the difficulty of iden-tifying offenses committed by medical professionals in their diagnostic, therapeutic, preventive, and rehabilita-tion activities. The purpose is to consider the specifics of the specialists and experts use in the investigation of crimes committed in the medical care provision. The tasks’ implementation is achieved using the laws of dialec-tics, formal logic and the use of general scientific and private scientific research methods. It is concluded that the peculiarity of the iatrogenic crimes investigation is due to the activities specifics of medical workers in provid-ing assistance, as well as the processes occurring in the patient’s body. The study of these issues requires the persons assistance with special knowledge in this field. The reliability of specialists’ and experts’ conclusions al-lows the subject of the investigation not only to correctly carry out the legal qualification of what he did at the initial stage of the investigation, but also to develop a strategy for further work on the criminal case. The use features of knowledgeable persons at different stages of the iatrogenic crimes investigation are considered. At the same time, special attention is paid to the prescribing and organizing examinations problems of the medical care quality, and commission forensic medical examinations, which in practice cause difficulties in their application by the investigation subjects.
Features of modern methods for osteoporosis diagnostics (review article)
Authors: Emelyanov Sergey A. ,   Kotovsk City Clinical Hospital, Chumakov Roman V. , Peregorodov Alexey N. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University,   Derzhavin Tambov State University,   Regional Clinical Hospital
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Currently, osteoporosis is one of the most common diseases that significantly reduce the quality of life of patients, leading to their disability and death from related complications. The growing prevalence of osteoporosis in the population over the years, both among people over 60 years of age and among children under 18 years of age, as well as the high prevalence of osteoporotic fractures and their projected increase, requires improvement in the organization of care for patients, which primarily implies timely diagnosis with determination of the risk of low-energy fractures and timely treatment. Purpose: based on an analysis of the literature, to evaluate the current state of the problem and the effectiveness of modern methods for diagnosing osteoporosis. Materials and methods: a search was conducted in the open electronic scientific databases PubMed and the databases of the Russian scientific electronic library eLibrary using keywords and phrases: osteoporosis, osteodensitometry, bone mineral density, osteoporotic fracture. The results were obtained using the equipment of the Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment at Derzhavin Tambov State University. Results. The research presents data on risk factors for osteoporosis, possible clinical manifestations and existing methods for diagnosing this disease, indicating the advantages and disadvantages of each of the presented methods. The standard research method, if there is reason to assume a diagnosis, will be osteodensitometry. Ultrasound osteodensitometry serves as an indirect method for assessing bone tissue density. To determine bone mineral density it is recommended to use single energy X-ray absorptiometry (SXA), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), radiographic absorptiometry (RA) and quantitative computed tomography. The standard radiographic method of radiation visualization of bone structures is the most accessible and widespread in the Russian Federation; however, for the purpose of diagnosing osteoporosis, this technique in most cases is not the method of choice, since radiographs can reveal reliable, but rather late signs of this disease. Conclusion. Each of the diagnostic methods has its own individual advantages, unique to it; to identify this disease in the early stages of its development, there is a need to use several methods for quantitative determination of bone density simultaneously.
Analysis of changes in violent deaths among children and adolescents in the Saratov Region in 2018–2022
Authors: Savenkova Ekaterina N. ,   V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Efimov Alexander A. , Raikova Ksenya A. , Kurzin Leonid M. ,   V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University,   V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University,   Medical Examiner's Office; Derzhavin Tambov State University
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The analysis of violent child mortality is important in developing preventive measures to reduce this indicator. Aims and Tasks. The research purpose is to analyze the structure of violent death among children in the Saratov Region in 2018–2022. Materials and Methods. The research materials include the results of forensic medical examinations of the corpses of 314 children under the age of 18 who died from external causes. Results/Discussion. We establish decrease in the rate of violent death among children from 17.7 to 12.2 per 100 thousand of the population. There is a prevalence of blunt trauma (35.7 %), asphyxia (34.7 %) and poisoning (22 %) in violent death causes among children. The dynamics showed a tendency towards an increase in the proportion of blunt trauma. We note the peak of deaths from asphyxia in 2020 (45.8 %), reveal an increase in the proportion of hangings. Asphyxia is the leading cause of death in children under 1 year old, asphyxia and blunt trauma with a high percentage of falls from high altitude (40 %) – in the 1–3 year old group. In the 4–6 years old group the main types of death are blunt trauma (38.6 %) and poisoning (36.4 %). In the 7–11 years old group asphyxia is in the lead (40.4 %), followed by blunt trauma (36.5 %) with a high percentage of traffic accidents. In 12–17 years old group blunt trauma is in the first place (38.5 %), asphyxia with a predominance of hangings is in the second place. Conclusions. As we note a decrease in the violent death of children in general, we establish a tendency of increasing the proportion of blunt trauma and a change in the structure of asphyxia with a significant increase in the proportion of hangings. Differences in the structure of causes of death in different age groups were revealed.
A infelicidade era Panofsky
Authors: Santiago Júnior Francisco das Chagas Fernandes
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste texto é investigar a função do nome de Erwin Panofsky na obra de Georges Didi-Huberman entre os anos de 1986 e 2002. Ao longo dele, apresenta-se a obra de Didi-Huberman como um projeto de história-teoria da arte que se desenvolve, em parte, como uma história da historiografia da arte. Esta é atravessada por um dispositivo de paternidade como chave analítica que situa Panofsky como uma das personagens centrais. A obra de Didi-Huberman é marcada por um agon que localiza e se situa na geopolítica da história da arte. O artigo realiza uma análise das figuras e metáforas empregadas por Didi-Huberman para Panofsky e reflete sobre o impacto destas na sua escrita da história-teoria da arte.
Relationship Between Disaster Literacy and the Factors Affecting it and the State-Trait Anxiety in the Elderly of West Turkey
Authors: Karakaş Halide , Tözün Mustafa
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study is to measure the effect of anxiety levels and some sociodemographic characteristics of elderly individuals, who are a vulnerable group in disasters, on their disaster literacy. This study is a cross-sectional type study. March May 7 – 2, 2022 residents of the nursing home, located in Izmir Metropolitan Municipality Social Life Campus in Buca district of Izmir province, are the Decedents of the study. As a working group, 210 people were reached. In the questionnaire form created in the study, some sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and their knowledge about disasters were questioned, the State-Continuous Anxiety Scale, Disaster Literacy Scale (DLS) were used. Multinominal Logistic Regression Analysis model was established with categorized of DLS's total score. The mean score of the DLS was insufficient with a score of 27.9±9.41. According to the results of multinomial regression analysis, high trait anxiety state (OR: 1,058 (95% CI: 1,010-1,111)) were found to be risk factors for "insufficient" disaster literacy level (p<0.05). Disaster literacy is a very important concept in protecting against the risks and dangers of disasters. In order to achieve a successful disaster management, all vulnerabilities in the society should be identified and the level of literacy should be increased.
A Lviv doctor who rescued the “Lion from Westerplatte”: 130th anniversary of colonel Jozef Szarage’s birthday (1897-1967)
Authors: Kopociński Krzysztof , Kopociński Zbigniew , Jeśman Czesław
Published: July 2024

Artykuł przedstawia sylwetkę lwowskiego lekarza wojskowego pułkownika Józefa Szarage (1897-1967). Urodził się 12 grudnia 1897 r. w Winnikach pod Lwowem, w średniozamożnej żydowskiej rodzinie Bernarda Scharage i Debory Szrencel vel Birbach. W czasie I wojny światowej ukończył szkołę oficerską i w stopniu podporucznika służył w 24. Pułku Piechoty armii austriackiej. Studia medyczne odbywał w Uniwersytecie Karola w Pradze i Uniwersytecie Jana Kazimierza we Lwowie. W 1927 r. ukończył Wydział Lekarski lwowskiej uczelni. W czasie II wojny światowej początkowo przebywał w lwowskim gettcie, od 1942 r. ukrywał się w miejscowości Zimna Woda w pobliżu Lwowa. W 1944 r. jako oficer-lekarz służył w 8. Polowym Ruchomym Szpitalu Chirurgicznym II Armii Wojska Polskiego. Po zakończeniu wojny pełnił funkcję ordynatora oddziału chirurgicznego Szpitala Okręgowego nr 5 w Krakowie. W marcu 1948 r. bezskutecznie starał się uratować życie byłego lekarza załogi Westerplatte mjr. Mieczysława Słabego (1905-1948). Płk Józef Szarage zmarł 1 marca 1967 r. w Warszawie w wieku 70 lat.
Attributable liver cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years in China and worldwide: profiles and changing trends
Authors: Cao Mengdi , Xia Changfa , Cao Maomao , Yang Fan , Yan Xinxin , He Siyi , Zhang Shaoli , Teng Yi , Li Qianru , Tan Nuopei , Wang Jiachen , Chen Wanqing
Published: July 2024

Objective: Liver cancer is a major health concern globally and in China. This analysis investigated deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) with respect to etiologies and risk factors for liver cancer in China and worldwide. Methods: Global and China-specific data were collected on liver cancer deaths, DALYs, and age-standardized rates (ASRs) from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 database. Liver cancer etiologies were classified into five groups and risk factors were categorized into three levels. Each proportion of liver cancer burden was calculated in different geographic regions. The joinpoint regression model were used to assess the trends from 1990–2019. Results: Liver cancer accounted for 484,577 deaths worldwide in 2019 with an ASR of 5.9 per 100,000 population. China had an elevated liver cancer death ASR in 2019 and males had an ASR 1.7 times the global rate. The global ASR for DALYs peaked at 75–79 years of age but peaked earlier in China. Hepatitis B virus was the prominent etiology globally (39.5%) and in China (62.5%), followed by hepatitis C virus and alcohol consumption. In high sociodemographic index countries, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis has gained an increasing contribution as an etiologic factor. The liver cancer burden due to various etiologies has decreased globally in both genders. However, metabolic risk factors, particularly obesity, have had a growing contribution to the liver cancer burden, especially among males. Conclusions: Despite an overall decreasing trend in the liver cancer burden in China and worldwide, there has been a rising contribution from metabolic risk factors, highlighting the importance of implementing targeted prevention and control strategies that address regional and gender disparities.
Automated ISSR Fingerprinting is a Cost-effective way to assess Genetic Diversity and Taxonomic Differentiation – a Case Study on the Encephalartos eugene-maraisii Species Complex
Authors: Murphy Deanne , Barker Nigel Paul , Frisby Arnold
Published: July 2024

Recent technological advancements in conservation genetics and genomics have resulted in diverse tools for aiding conservation of species. The precision and resolution of high throughput sequencing technologies provide valuable insights to aid conservation decisions, but these technologies are often financially unfeasible or unavailable in resource constrained countries. Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers, when combined with sensitive automated detection systems, provide a simple, cheap means to investigate genetic diversity and discriminate closely related species. Here we apply this technology to assess genetic diversity and taxonomic delimitation in the Encephalartos eugene-maraisii species complex, a highly threatened, taxonomically dubious group of cycads in South Africa. Our analyses support taxonomic singularity of E. dyerianus, E. dolomiticus and E. eugene-maraisii. Relationships between E. nubimontanus and E. cupidus remain uncertain. E. middelburgensis samples showed no clustering but had poor amplification success. This study demonstrates the suitability of automated ISSR fingerprinting as a method for plant conservation studies, especially in resource-constrained countries, and we make recommendations as to how this methodology can be effectively implemented.
Tensile Properties of Thermoplastic Starch Nanocomposite Films with Sisal (Agave sisalana) Nanofibers
Authors: de Vilhena Mailson Batista , Paula Marcos Vinícius da Silva , de Oliveira Raul Costa , Estumano Diego Cardoso , Viegas Bruno Marques , Rodrigues Emerson Cardoso , Mâcedo Emanuel Negrão , Souza José Antônio da Silva , Cunha Edinaldo José de Sousa
Published: July 2024

Currently, petroleum-derived plastics are widely used. However, one of its main disadvantages is its low degradation time, which is not beneficial to the environment. Therefore, natural polymers are an alternative to overcome this obstacle. Among the natural polymers, starch can be highlighted. Thus, the objectives of our investigation were to obtain sisal nanofibers using low concentrations of acid solutions to produce and characterize corn starch nanocomposites reinforced with these nanofibers. The films were produced by a casting technique using commercial corn starch and glycerol as plasticizing agents; the nanofibers were obtained using acid hydrolysis. The films were subjected to tensile tests to evaluate their resulting mechanical behaviors. The results of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed the possibility of obtaining cellulose nanofibers using a sulfuric acid concentration lower than that previously reported in the literature. The nanocomposites reinforced with plant nanofibers showed lower tensile stress and elongation characteristics than the matrices without nanofibers.
Morphological Alterations and Neurochemical Responses in Lead (Pb) Intoxication in Rats: Prophylactic Potentials of Luteolin
Authors: Arietarhire Leviticus Oghenevurinrin , Ayuba Aisha Iyabo , Keji-Taofik Keji- Salmat Temilola , Imonikosaye Evi Ndudi , Enya Joseph Igbo , Oluyomi Olushola Oladapo , Inelo Ukwubile Ileje , Ikechuku Emmanuel Oliseh , Afees Olanrewaju John , Olugbogi Ezekiel Abiola
Published: July 2024

The phenotypic manifestation of lead toxicity includes cognitive, learning, and memory decline which is associated with neuronal injuries and death and been a major challenge in public health especially in developing countries. Thus, we explore the prophylactic potentials of luteolin in prefrontal Pb intoxication. Thirty-six (36) male Wistar Rats were used for this research and di-vided into six (6) groups of six animals each and were treated orally as follows: Group 1-Normal saline (0.5ml daily for 14 days); Group 2- PbCl3 (50mg/kg of PbCl3 daily for 14 days); Group 3- luteolin (100mg/kg of LUT daily for 14 days); Group 4- luteolin and PbCl3 (50mg/kg PbCl3 and 100mg/kg LUT daily for 14 days); Group 5- PbCl3 then luteolin (50mg/kg of PbCl3 daily for 14 days followed by 100mg/kg of LUT daily for 14 days); Group 6- luteolin then PbCl3 (100mg/kg of LUT daily for 14days followed by 50mg/kg of PbCl3 daily for 14 days). We measured cerebral oxidative redox parameters, G6PDH, IL-6, acetylcholinesterase levels, and total protein profiles using ELISA and biochemical assay kits. We also examined cerebral morphology and the Nissl profile with H&E and toluidine blue staining techniques, as well as astrocytic morphology and synaptic integrity with anti-GFAP and anti-synaptophysin antibodies. As a result of Pb perturba-tion, luteolin treatment inhibits MDA, IL-6, and AChE expression while increasing antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GPx) and G6PDH. Furthermore, luteolin has significant prophylactic po-tential against Pb-induced neuronal injuries and modulates astrocyte actions, preserving synap-tic integrity and thus improving cognition, learning, and memory. Taken together, our findings indicate that luteolin may be a promising candidate for managing and treating Pb neural intoxi-cation.
Advancements and Challenges in Artificial Intelligence Applications in Healthcare Delivery Systems
Authors: Aftab Muhammad , Nadeem Alishba , Zhang Chengjuan , Dong Zigang , Jiang Yanan , Liu Kangdong
Published: July 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare has transformed clinical practices by improving the accuracy of diagnosis, optimizing surgical procedures, improving the patient experience, and accelerating drug development. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the many applications of artificial intelligence (AI) across several industries, including fast diagnostics, where ML algorithms greatly enhance the accuracy and velocity of disease diagnosis. State-of-the-art robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgical procedures that shorten patients' hospitalization and improve their chances of recovery, cutting-edge AI applications in healthcare monitoring, and medication development. The article also looks at the primary challenges that AI in healthcare will inevitably encounter, such as differences in product quality, a shortage of skilled workers, privacy and ethical issues, and the need for improved regulatory frameworks. Despite the challenges, AI contributes significant advantages to the healthcare industry, providing novel and remarkable contributions to the efficiency of medical procedures and the progress of medical outcomes. The paper emphasizes the importance of cooperation in overcoming current challenges and enhancing the acceptability of AI technology in clinical settings. This will ensure that AI-driven innovations continue to enhance the standards of patient care.
Large Language Models for Wearable Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition, Health Monitoring, and Behavioral Modeling: A Survey of Early Trends, Datasets, and Challenges
Authors: Ferrara Emilio
Published: July 2024

The proliferation of wearable technology enables the generation of vast amounts of sensor data, offering significant opportunities for advancements in health monitoring, activity recognition, and personalized medicine. However, the complexity and volume of this data present substantial challenges in data modeling and analysis, which have been tamed with approaches spanning time series modeling to deep learning techniques. The latest frontier in this domain is the adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT-4 and Llama, for data analysis, modeling, understanding, and generation of human behavior through the lens of wearable sensor data. This survey explores current trends and challenges in applying LLMs for sensor-based human activity recognition and behavior modeling. We discuss the nature of wearable sensors data, the capabilities and limitations of LLMs to model them and their integration with traditional machine learning techniques. We also identify key challenges, including data quality, computational requirements, interpretability, and privacy concerns. By examining case studies and successful applications, we highlight the potential of LLMs in enhancing the analysis and interpretation of wearable sensors data. Finally, we propose future directions for research, emphasizing the need for improved preprocessing techniques, more efficient and scalable models, and interdisciplinary collaboration. This survey aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the intersection between wearable sensors data and LLMs, offering insights into the current state and future prospects of this emerging field.