bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effectiveness of ketorolac or external use in the complex treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joints
Authors: Svetlova M. S.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The problem of treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) remains relevant due to the high prevalence of the disease, the insecurity of drugs used by patients in the treatment of pain. The knee joints are most often affected. Chronic pain, impaired joint function significantly reduce the quality of life of patients, lead to the destabilization of concomitant diseases. In the complex therapy of OA, local remedies are widely used.

Objective. To study the effectiveness of ketorolac for external use (KEU)in the complex therapy of osteoarthritis of the knee joints (OAKJ).

Materials and methods. 58 patients with OAKJ of II-III radiological stages were studied. The main group (n = 30) in the complex treatment of the disease used KEU locally for two weeks. In the control group (n = 28), as in the main one, physiotherapy, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were used, KEU was not prescribed.

Results. The values of VAS at rest and when walking after a week of treatment significantly differed from the initial values in the main group of patients (p < 0.01 for VAS when walking, p < 0.05 for VAS at rest). The WOMAC pain index was also significantly lower than its initial values (p < 0.01). Positive dynamics of clinical indicators was also observed in the control group, however, there were no significant differences after a week of therapy for both your VAS at rest and the WOMAC function index. The reliability of the differences with the baseline in the main group was maintained after two weeks of observation, and the value of the WOMAC function index was significantly different (p < 0.01). In the control after two weeks of treatment, the values of the severity of pain according to VAS at rest, the index of WOMAC function did not reach significant differences with the baseline. After a week and two weeks of treatment in the main group, positive results were achieved in 17 (56.3%) and 23 (76.6%) patients, respectively. In the control group, positive therapy results were observed in 13 (46.4%) and 18 (64.2%) patients, respectively, at the control periods of observation.

Сonclusion. The use of KEU is effective and appropriate in the complex therapy of OAKJ.
Dizziness: efficient approach to treatment and prevention
Authors: Esin R. G. , Khaibullina D. Kh. , Esin O. R.
Published: April 2023

The article deals with the diagnosis of dizziness as one of the most common reasons for contacting the primary care system. The term “vertigo” refers to the illusory sensation of the rotational movement of objects around the patient or the patient himself. Traditionally, the clinic distinguishes “systemic” and “non-systemic” dizziness. However, the use of these two terms “systemic” (rotational) and “non-systemic” (presyncope, imbalance caused by a violation of the neural mechanisms for maintaining balance and balance of the body and postural phobic) dizziness can make it difficult to diagnose the etiological factor due to the ambiguity of the term “non-systemic”. The most severe and painful for the patient is rotational dizziness. Most often, dizziness is caused by pathological changes in the peripheral part of the vestibular system: vestibular neuronitis, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere’s disease. Treatment of patients with dizziness involves etiopathogenetic and symptomatic therapy. Important, from a practical point of view, is the relief of rotational dizziness itself, regardless of its etiology. A number of studies have shown the possibility of using the combined drug cinnarizine 20 mg + dimenhydrinate 40 mg in the treatment of peripheral and central vertigo. The effectiveness of therapy for dizziness with the use of a combined drug is due to the fact that one component (cinnarizine) acts mainly on peripheral structures (labyrinth), and the second (dimenhydrinate) – on central (vestibular nuclei and related centers of the brain stem) structures, providing a good vestibulolytic effect . The drug has minimal undesirable effects, which makes it possible to use it in patients of different age groups. In the article, the authors consider the effectiveness  of a fixed combination of cinnarizine 20 mg and dimenhydrinate 40 mg for the treatment and prevention of rotational verti go (vertigo) of various etiologies with the analysis of clinical cases.
Post-traumatic stress disorder – from traumatic neurosis to ICD-11: features of diagnosis and selection of therapy
Authors: Vasileva A. V.
Published: April 2023

PTSD was determined as a stand-alone disorder about 50 years ago, and since then it is considered to be in the focus    of attention of the mental health specialists. It’s main clinical features are the set of symptoms of re-experience of the traumatic event in here and now situation. They are defined to be the core symptoms for PTSD diagnostic. Clinical features and disorder course are the subject of wide prospective cohort studies with the use of the standardized psychometric instruments since the 80-s of the last century. In the new ICD-11 mental disorders classification, stress-associated disorders are defined as stand-alone rubric, the core PTSD symptoms are defined, the complex PTSD is proposed as a new diagnosis for the coding of persistent caused by prolonged psychotraumatic experience personality changes, the life-threatening diagnosis and intensive care unit experience were added to the list of PTSD triggers. The PTSD diagnosis is considered to be a challenging clinical task. The connection between symptoms manifestation and extreme traumatic experience should be established, one should take into consideration the existence of possible usually several weeks before symptoms manifestation latent period. It is useful to implement the recommended diagnostic instrument for the diagnosis verification and symptoms dynamic evaluation. The combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy is recommended for PTSD treatment, individual approach should be used in case-management. In 2022 WFSBP Task Force on Treatment Guidelines for Anxiety, O and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders have been published, there for the first-time cognitive behavior psychotherapy was determined as highly evidence based PTSD psychotherapeutic method of treatment. In March 2023 ministry of health of the Russian Federation has approved national PTSD clinical guidelines, where recommended medication list  has been proposed taking into account the national clinical experience, in particular it includes a wide range of non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics. The article emphasizes the opportunities of their use and presents a clinical vignette where etifoxine is proposed as treatment of choice.
Gazneli Mahmûd'un Halife El-Kâdir Billâh'a Mektubuna Göre Horasan’ın Gazneliler Tarafından Fethi
Authors: ÖMÜR Emre
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada, Sebük Tegin'in ölümünden sonra Gazne tahtına çıkan Sultan Mahmûd'un Halife el-Kâdir Billâh'a gönderdiği mektup ışığında, Horasan'ın Sâmânîlerden alınması hususu incelenmektedir. Mektup, içerik açısından dört bölüme ayrılabilir; birinci bölümde yaratıcıya övgü, ikinci bölümde Horasan seferinin nedeni, üçüncü bölümde savaşın detayları ve dördüncü bölümde zaferin sonuçları aktarılmaktadır. Makalede, mektubun tüm bölümlerinden örnekler pasajlar şeklinde beyan edilmektedir. İfade edilen pasajlar dönemin diğer kaynakları ile karşılaştırılmış ve bu şekilde kaynaklar arasındaki farklılıklar ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Diplomatik içerikli bu kaydı inceleyerek, Gazneliler ile Sâmânîler arasında Horasan üzerindeki hâkimiyet mücadelesini daha iyi anlamak mümkündür. Ayrıca aktarılan pasajlar vâsıtasıyla Sultan Mahmûd'un dinî, tarihî ve siyasî yönlerine ilişkin bazı örnekler de verilmektedir.
Derviş Mahmud’un Terceme-i Sevâkıb’ı ve Dil Özellikleri
Authors: GÜLMEZ Mevlüt , DUYAR Hidayet
Published: April 2023

Mevlâna Celâleddin-i Rûmî’nin biyografisi ve Mevlevîliğin kuruluş ve yayılışı ile ilgili yazılmış birçok kaynak eser vardır. Bu eserlerin en önemlilerinden biri Mecdüddîn Ferîdûn b. Ahmed’in Risâle-i Sipehsâlâr’ı, diğeri ise Ahmed Eflâkî’nin Menâkıbü’l-ʻÂrifîn adlı eseridir. Bunların dışında Mevlâna ve etrafındakilerin anlatıldığı Terceme-i Sevâkıb da Türkçeye tercüme edilmesi yönüyle özel bir yere sahiptir. Derviş Mahmud, Abdülvehhab Hemedânî’nin Menâkıbü’l-Ârifîn adlı eserden hareketle yine Farsça olarak kaleme aldığı Sevâkıb-ı Menâkıb-ı Evliyâullah’ı H 998 (1590) yılında Terceme-i Sevâkıb adıyla Türkçeye tercüme etmiştir. Farsçadan Türkçeye tercüme edilen bu eser, Klasik Osmanlı Türkçesi döneminin birçok özelliğini göstermekle birlikte Eski Anadolu Türkçesi unsurlarını da içermektedir. Metinde Arapça ve Farsça kelimeler her ne kadar yoğun olsa da bugün için standart Türkçede kullanılmayan birçok Türkçe kelimenin yer alması sebebiyle eser, Türkçenin sözvarlığı açısından büyük önem arz etmekte olup imla özellikleri, hâl eki nöbetleşmeleri, döneme göre farklı kullanımlar, deyimler, kelime ve eklerin yazımında görülen ikilikler gibi birçok özelliği de barındırmaktadır. Bu araştırmada Terceme-i Sevâkıb kısaca tanıtıldıktan sonra eserin mütercimi, nüshaları, sözvarlığı, dili ve üslubu üzerinde durulacaktır. Terceme-i Sevâkıb’ın dil özellikleri (imla, ses, şekil özellikleri) maddeler hâlinde incelenecektir.
A comparative study of advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment
Authors: Kaswan Vipin , Kaur Harpreet
Published: April 2023

This research emphasized the importance of removing organic pollutants from wastewater discharges. In this review, different advanced oxidation processes are discussed. A broad classification of advanced oxidation processes was used for wastewater treatment. An overview of TiO2-based photocatalysis, the Fenton process, and photocatalytic ozonation has been done. The mechanism of different methods has been studied. The advantages and limitations of these processes are also discussed. Various kinds of catalyzed were used in TiO2-based photocatalysis for various categories of organic contaminants, and several factors with crucial effects on TiO2-based photocatalytic degradation were examined. The typical treatment scheme of Fenton's method was reviewed. Also similarly, a review of photocatalytic ozonation: mechanism of the reaction, its applications with different catalysts, and economic aspects of photocatalytic ozonation were done.
An assessment of the artificial modelling elements approach to the pressure-driven analysis of water distribution networks
Authors: Sivakumar P. , Gorev Nikolai B. , Nivedita S. , Suribabu C. R. , Gupta Rajesh , Tanyimboh Tiku T.
Published: April 2023

EPANET 2.2 is a newly introduced upgraded version of EPANET 2 that can be used for both pressure-driven analysis (PDA) and demand-driven analysis (DDA) of water distribution networks. Moreover, it has certain limitations concerning the minimum and required pressure head parameters used for PDA, which leads to inaccurate simulation results. Another limitation of the PDA option of EPANET 2.2 is its inability to simultaneously consider pressure-dependent demands with pressure-independent fire demands. In this article, the reason for the spurious convergence is identified, and it is shown that the spurious convergence of EPANET 2.2 can be addressed by extending the energy balance convergence criterion to include the virtual demand links employed in the EPANET 2.2 formulation of PDA. On the other hand, interest in the methods that use artificial modelling elements in EPANET 2 for PDA is increasing rapidly. The implementation of the method presented in this paper (termed the alternative PDA approach) allows an extended period simulation of large networks with complex demand patterns, multiple tanks, reservoirs, pumps, valves, and thousands of pipes. Two benchmark networks and two real-world networks were analysed by both the alternative PDA approach and EPANET 2.2 and the results were compared.
Based on mRNA Sequencing Techniques to Explore the Molecular
Mechanism of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction for Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Authors: Liu Ziyu , Song Nan , Li Mingshan , Wang Zhimin , Cao Huimin , Gao Tianshu , Yang Xiao
Published: April 2023

Objective:

Autoimmune diseases (AD) account for a high percentage of the population. One
of the most prevalent is autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). However, the therapeutic effects of Buzhong Yiqi
(BZYQ) decoction on AIT have not been studied yet. The majority of the present study was conducted
on NOD.H-2h4 mice in an attempt to ascertain the therapeutic effects of BZYQ decoction on AIT.

Methods:

The 0.05% sodium iodide water (NaI)-induced AIT mice model was established. A total
of nine NOD.H-2h4 mice were randomly divided into three groups: the normal group provided with
regular water, the model group drinking freely 0.05% NaI, and the treatment group treated with
BZYQ decoction (9.56 g/kg) after NaI supplementation (NaI + BZYQ). BZYQ decoction was administered
orally once daily for eight weeks. The thyroid histopathology test was used to measure
the severity of lymphocytic infiltration. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was
used to determine the levels of anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and
IL-17. The Illumina HiSeq X sequencing platform was utilized to analyze the thyroid tissue by
mRNA expression profiles. Bioinformatics analysis was used to investigate the biological function
of the differentially expressed mRNAs. In addition, the expression of Carbonyl Reductase 1
(CBR1), 6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin Synthase (PTS), Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II
(H2-EB1), Interleukin 23 Subunit Alpha (IL-23A), Interleukin 6 Receptor (IL-6RA), and Janus Kinase
1 (JAK1) was measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Results:

The treatment group exhibited significantly lower rates of thyroiditis and lymphocyte infiltration
compared to the model group. Serum levels of TgAb, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 were significantly
higher in the model group, but they fell dramatically after BZYQ decoction administration.
According to our results, 495 genes showed differential expression in the model group compared to
the control group. Six hundred twenty-five genes were significantly deregulated in the treatment
group compared to the model group. Bioinformatic analysis showed that most mRNAs were associated
with immune-inflammatory responses and were involved in multiple signaling pathways, including
folate biosynthesis and the Th17 cell differentiation pathway. CBR1, PTS, H2-EB1, IL-
23A, IL-6RA and JAK1 mRNA participated in folate biosynthesis and the Th17 cell differentiation
pathway. The qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that the above mRNAs were regulated in the model
group compared to the treatment group

Conclusion:

The results of this investigation have revealed novel insights into the molecular
mechanism of action of BZYQ decoction against AIT. The mechanism may be partially attributed
to the regulation of mRNA expression and pathways.
Sodium New Houttuyfonate Effectively Improves Phagocytosis and Inhibits
the Excessive Release of Inflammatory Factors by Repressing
TLR4/NF-Кb Pathway in Macrophages
Authors: He Xiaomei , Hu Mengxue , Song Cheng , Ni Mengru , Liu Longyun , Chen Cunwu , Wu Daqiang
Published: April 2023

Background:

Sodium new houttuyfonate (SNH) is an adduct of houttuyfonate, which is
the main component of the common Chinese medicinal plant Houttuynia cordata. SNH has been
widely used in antibacterial and anti-inflammatory treatments in clinics. However, the exact antimicrobial
mechanism of SNH is still unclear, despite its mild direct antimicrobial activity in vitro.

Objectives:

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of SNH on
macrophages against bacteria in vitro.

Methods:

In this study, we assessed the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of SNH on the
RAW264.7 macrophage cell line against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a major opportunistic pathogen.

Results:

Firstly, we found that SNH showed minimal toxicity on RAW264.7 macrophages. Secondly,
our results indicated that SNH effectively inhibited the inflammatory reaction of macrophages
stimulated by P. aeruginosa. We also found that SNH improved the phagocytosis and killing effect
of RAW264.7 macrophages against P. aeruginosa in vitro. Furthermore, our results revealed that
SNH effectively inhibited the expression of the TLR4/NF-кB pathway in macrophage RAW264.7
co-incubated with P. aeruginosa in vitro.

Conclusion:

Based on our findings, SNH can significantly improve the phagocytosis of macrophages
and inhibit the excessive release of inflammatory factors by repressing the TLR4/NF-кB
pathway.
An Update on Autophagy as a Target in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s
Disease
Authors: Sose Parnika Mohan , Doshi Gaurav Mahesh , Kale Pravin Popatrao
Published: April 2023

Proteostasis is crucial for the maintenance and proper operation of cells. Under typical
circumstances, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosome pathway are
used to clean out undesired, damaged, misfolded, or aggregated proteins. Any dysregulation in the
above-mentioned pathways leads to neurodegeneration. One of the most renowned neurodegenerative
disorders is AD. This condition is more prevalent in senior people and is frequently linked to
dementia, progressive memory loss, and cognitive function decline, which further contributes to
cholinergic neuron degradation and synaptic plasticity loss. Extracellular accumulation of amyloid
beta plaques and the intraneuronal deposition of misfolded neurofibrillary tangles are two prime
pathological reasons for AD. At present, there is no treatment for AD. All that remains available is
the symptomatic treatment of this disease. Autophagy is the major mechanism by which the cells
degrade the protein aggregates. Deposited immature autophagic vacuoles (AVs) in AD brains
suggest interruption of a person's normal autophagy process. This review has briefly covered various
forms and mechanisms of autophagy. Furthermore, the discussion in the article is supported by
different ways and mechanisms via which autophagy can be stimulated in a beneficial way and can
emerge as a novel target in the treatment of various metabolic CNS related disorders. In the current
review article, the mTOR-dependent ones are PI3K/Akt/TSC/mTOR, AMPK/TSC/mTOR, and
Rag/mTOR pathways and mTOR-independent ones which include Ca2+/calpain, inositol-dependent,
cAMP/EPAC/PLC, and JNK1/Beclin-1/PI3K pathways have been discussed in details. The article
sheds light on drugs which are validated with details in tabular form from recent updates in
clinical trials.
Probiotics as a Therapeutic Approach in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rahmani Nafiseh , Pourali Ghazaleh , Hosseini Nayyerehalsadat , Fiuji Hamid , Maftooh Mina , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Ferns Gordon A , Khazaei Majid , Avan Amir
Published: April 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a growing concern worldwide. In recent decades, the incidence
of CRC has increased, and this has been attributed to changes in lifestyle. The lack of physical activity,
smoking habits, and a diet high in red meat and fat and low in fiber are important aspects of these
deleterious changes in lifestyle. The increase in the incidence of CRC has impelled researchers to investigate
methods for preventing and treating CRC with greater efficacy and fewer complications.
Probiotics are an attractive and potentially promising therapeutic approach. They have been evaluated
by a large number of preclinical and clinical studies in recent years, and it has been found that they
can play a role in the prevention, treatment, and management of complications of CRC. This review
provides a concise summary of the mechanisms of action of probiotics. Furthermore, it focuses on the
results of clinical and preclinical studies that evaluated probiotics' effects on CRC management. It also
discusses the effects of different strains of probiotics and their combination in CRC treatment.
Synthesis of Fused Heterocyclic Compounds by Using Formamide Derivatives as C1 Source in the Presence of Mukaiyama Reagent as the Catalyst
Authors: Ghonchepour Ehsan , Islami Mohammad Reza , Nejadshafiee Vajihe
Published: April 2023

An efficient one-pot synthesis of the benzimidazoles and benzothiazole has been developed from the reaction between 1,2 phenylenediamine and 2-aminothiophenol compounds via DMF and DEF as C1 source in the presence of Mukaiyama Reagent (CMPI) as a new organocatalyst. This method was designed based on the principle of green chemistry to avoid the use of any expensive and toxic transition-metal catalyst. All products were known and characterized by FT-IR, CHNS, 1H and 13C NMR data, and also were compared with their physical data with those reported in the literature.
Emerging Heterocyclic Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors for
the Management of Cancer: A Chemical Review
Authors: Likhar Rupali , Deshpande Amey , Khan Tabassum , Prabhu Arati
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

The Epidermal growth factor receptor is a transmembrane glycoprotein that
belongs to the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase receptors, which includes four EGFR members ErbB1
(HER1/ErbB1), ErbB2 (HER2/neu), ErbB3 (HER3), and ErbB4 (HER4).

Method:

Amplification of EGFR corresponds to tyrosine kinase autophosphorylation that activates a
downstream signalling pathway involved in regulating tumorigenesis, differentiation, and preservation.

Result:

In cancer treatment, inhibition of EGFR is essential; therefore, potential EGFR inhibitors are
required. Previously approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as erlotinib, lapatinib, and gefitinib and
heterocyclic compounds such as pyrimidine, quinazolines, isoquinoline, purine, pyrazole, benzothiazole,
imidazole, have received a lot of attention in cancer treatment due to their EGFR inhibition activity.

Conclusion:

This review focuses on the diverse categories of synthetic entities compounds that were
reported as potential EGFR and EGFR/ErbB-2 dual inhibitors. Furthermore, it will provide inexorable
scope for investigators to design and synthesize potent EGFR inhibitors.
The Effects of Trigonella Foenum-graecum L. on Post-surgical Adhesion
Band Formation
Authors: Nazari Seyedeh Elnaz , Khalili-Tanha Nima , Mehrabadi Shima , Mobasheri Leila , Naimi Hamideh , khojasteh-Leylakoohi Fatemeh , Dashtiahangar Mohammad , Fiuji Hamid , Shahri Hassan Mottaghi Moghaddam , Sayyed Hoseinian Sayyed Hadi , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Ghorbani Hamid Reza , Aliakbarian Mohsen , Ferns Gordon A , Khazaei Majid , Avan Amir
Published: April 2023

Background:

Intra-abdominal adhesions are severe complications which occur after abdominal
surgery. Currently, no specific anti-adhesive medications can completely prevent Intra-abdominal adhesion
formation. Therefore, recent studies are exploring new approaches for preventing this complication.
Anti-inflammatory properties of Trigonella Foenum-graecum L. (Fenugreek) have been reported in various
studies. In this experiment, a murine model was used to evaluate the potential anti-adhesive activity
of Fenugreek in vivo.

Objective:

This experiment aimed to examine the anti-adhesive activity of Fenugreek in the prevention of
postsurgical Intra-abdominal adhesions.

Methods:

We have adhered to the ARRIVE guidelines during these experimental studies. After abdominal
surgery, for nine days, Fenugreek (400 mg/kg) was given by gavage to male Wistar rats (n = 6).
Following that, all animals were sacrificed to assess the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of
Fenugreek using Hematoxylin & eosin staining and Masson’s trichrome staining.

Results:

Our results showed that Fenugreek hydro-alcoholic extract could significantly reduce the adhesion
band formation based on Nair and Leach Scoring system (P < 0.01). The histological assessment also
represented less inflammatory cell infiltration and less collagen deposition in the treatment group than in
the positive control group (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

This study showed that Fenugreek extract could attenuate post-surgical adhesion band formation
by inhibiting pathological responses (Inflammation and fibrosis) following surgery.
SARS-CoV-2 Detection and COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Bird’s Eye View
Authors: Alzahrani Abdullah R. , Jabeen Qaiser , Shahid Imran , Al-Ghamdi Saeed S. , Shahzad Naiyer , Rehman Sidra , Algarni Alanood S. , Bamagous Ghazi A. , AlanazI Ibrahim Mufadhi M. , Ibrahim Ibrahim Abdel Aziz
Published: April 2023

The battle against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)
associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is continued worldwide by administering firsttime
emergency authorized novel mRNA-based and conventional vector-antigen-based anti-
COVID-19 vaccines to prevent further transmission of the virus as well as to reduce the severe
respiratory complications of the infection in infected individuals. However; the emergence of
numerous SARS-CoV-2 variants is of concern, and the identification of certain breakthrough and
reinfection cases in vaccinated individuals as well as new cases soaring in some low-to-middle
income countries (LMICs) and even in some resource-replete nations have raised concerns that
only vaccine jabs would not be sufficient to control and vanquishing the pandemic. Lack of
screening for asymptomatic COVID-19-infected subjects and inefficient management of diagnosed
COVID-19 infections also pose some concerns and the need to fill the gaps among policies and
strategies to reduce the pandemic in hospitals, healthcare services, and the general community. For
this purpose, the development and deployment of rapid screening and diagnostic procedures are
prerequisites in premises with high infection rates as well as to screen mass unaffected COVID-19
populations. Novel methods of variant identification and genome surveillance studies would be an
asset to minimize virus transmission and infection severity. The proposition of this pragmatic
review explores current paradigms for the screening of SARS-CoV-2 variants, identification, and
diagnosis of COVID-19 infection, and insights into the late-stage development of new methods to
better understand virus super spread variants and genome surveillance studies to predict pandemic
trajectories.
The Activity of Several Medicinal Herbs such as Anti-inflammatories, Anti-
Pyretic, Analgesics and Antioxidants
Authors: Dangi Neha , Sharma Shikha , Goyal Praveen , Govindasamy Jeyabalan
Published: April 2023

Background:

People have been using different plants to treat a wide variety of illnesses ever since the dawn of human civilisation, medicinal plants have been employed. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 80% of people living in developing countries lack the financial means to purchase synthetic drugs. As a result, these individuals turn to traditional medicines, the majority of which are derived from plants, to satisfy their fundamental requirements for health care. Plants have been used as medicine from the beginning of time to cure a broad variety of ailments, including gastrointestinal disorders, genitourinary problems, hepatobiliary discomfort, as well as psychiatric and respiratory issues.

Methods:

In order to get the necessary data, the procedure involves scouring multiple search engines, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Sci Finder, for citations that pertain to the topic at hand. Regarding anti-inflammatories, anti-pyretic, analgesics, and antioxidants.

Results:

For a considerable amount of time, many different plants have been used as a treatment for fever, and recent scientific research has demonstrated that these treatments reduce the temperature of the human body. The significance of medicinal plants as a kind of treatment for fever is brought into sharp focus by this analysis.

Conclusion:

This review can also assist researchers and scientists in locating new antioxidants, antipyretic compounds, and plants that have been utilized for a considerable amount of time.
Herbs Used for the Management of Hypertension: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wan Zairullah Wan Nur Arina Athilah , Fauzi Nur Yuhaniz Mohd , Jofrry Suhaidah Mohd , Fahrni Mathumalar Loganathan , Ming Long Chiau , Choo Chee Yan
Published: April 2023

Background:

Hypertension is characterized by persistent high blood pressure and has emerged as a critical risk factor for severe cardiovascular diseases. Although several drugs have been designated to reduce blood pressure, these drugs can potentially cause side effects for patients. Therefore, medicinal plants are used to complement conventional drugs to treat various ailments.

Methods:

This study reviews the anti-hypertensive potential of herbs and plants and their mechanism of action in reducing blood pressure at their evaluated effective doses. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were used to search articles from January 2016 to Sept 2022. The key search terms included “hypertension”, “lowers blood pressure”, “anti-hypertensive”, and “plants”. These generated 807 documents and using the PRISMA guidelines, thirty plants were identified for this review. Research studies with similar plant parts extracted from similar solvents, more than one dose, and animal models with a positive control were considered in this review. Studies that did not show significant blood pressure reduction were excluded.

Results:

Based on this criterion, the mechanism of actions of these plants was thematically grouped into three categories, namely 1) antioxidant, 2) angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, and 3) calcium influx in vascular smooth muscle. The effective doses, plant parts used, and traditional medicine usage are presented in this review.

Conclusion:

Further research is highly recommended to identify the active compounds and to potentially develop them into anti-hypertensive drugs as well as to establish the safe doses and standardization of these plant extracts. This review is partially funded by grants from the Ministry of Higher Education.
Teori sosial kognitif dan relevansinya bagi pendidikan di Indonesia
Authors: Ningsih Eka Fitria
Published: April 2023

Teori pendidikan digunakan sebagai dasar dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan. Teori ini yang digunakan tidak lepas dari kebutuhan dan tujuan pendidikan yang akan dicapai. Revolusi industri 4.0 sebagai era disrupsi yang ditandai dengan internet of things menjadikan teknologi sebagai hal yang utama dalam kehidupan. Pada era ini tentunya tidak hanya keterampilan dalam penggunaan teknologi saja yang dibutuhkan. Terdapat aspek lain yang penting untuk dimiliki dalam menghadapai era ini. Artikel ini mendeskripsikan tentang pemaparan kritis mengenai relevansi teori sosial kognitif pada era revolusi industri 4.0 di Indonesia. Kompetensi yang dibutuhkan dalam mengahadapi revolusi industry 4.0 dipaparkan berdasarkan hasil PISA.Educational theory is used as a basis for the implementation of education. This theory is fundamental to the desired needs and educational goals. The industrial revolution 4.0 as an era of disruption marked by the internet of things, puts technology at a core of human life. Of course, in this era, skills in using technology are not the only ones needed. The other aspects are as important to have in dealing with this era. This article described a critical presentation of the relevance of cognitive social theory in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Indonesia. The competencies needed to face the Industrial revolution 4.0 were described based on the results of PISA.
Kemampuan membaca Alquran mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Authors: Sudrajat Ajat
Published: April 2023

Sering dinyatakan oleh para tutor mata kuliah Pendidikan Agama Islam, bahwa mahasiswa baru UNY memiliki kemampuan membaca Alquran yang rendah. Mereka menyatakan bahwa mahasiswa baru UNY, dari tahun ke tahun, dalam membaca Alquran masih banyak yang ‘gagap’ atau tidak lancar. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan membaca Alquran mahasiswa baru FIS UNY pada semester genap angkatan tahun akademik 2020/2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan data pelaksanaan tutorial mata kuliah Pendidikan Agama Islam angkatan 2020/2021. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan survey yang bersifat populatif, artinya menghitung semua mahasiswa yang ikut tutotial mata kuliah Pendidikan Agama Islam pada tahun akademik 2020/2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa baru FIS UNY tahun akademik 2020/2021masih berada pada jilid dua, yaitu bacaan antar huruf terputus-putus dan salah dalam pelantunan harakat (fathah, kasrah, dhummah, dantanwin) atau tertukar. Sedangkan pada akhir semester terjadi peningkatan, yaitu kebanyakan masuk ke jilid tiga dan empat, bahkan lima, mencapai 74%.It is often stated by tutors of Islamic Religious Education courses, that new UNY students have poor reading skills of the Qur’an. They stated that many of the new students at UNY, from year to year, are still stuttering and being inarticulate when reading the Qur’an. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the ability to read the Qur’an for the new FIS UNY students in the even semester of the 2020/2021 academic year. This study took the data from the implementation of the 2020/2021 Islamic Religious Education course. The research was carried out using a survey , which is populative in nature, meaning that it counts all students who took part in the tutorial for the Islamic Religious Education course in the 2020/2021 academic year. The results showed that most of the new FIS UNY students for the 2020/2021 academic year were still in volume 2, in which they read between letters disjointly and incorrectly pronouncing vowels (fathah, kasrah, dhummah, and tanwin) or mixed up. Meanwhile, at the end of the semester, there was an increase in the number of students who entered volumes three and four, even five, reaching 74%.
The case of corruption in Covid-19 pandemic in Asia Pacific: Study case of Indonesia
Authors: Mulyaman Darynaufal , Ismail Achmad , Rahmani Ardhi Arsala , Damayanti Angel
Published: April 2023

The Covid-19 Pandemic is not halting the corruption cases in Asia Pacific; some countries such as North Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, and even China. Nevertheless, Indonesia also suffers from Covid-19 corruption scandals. Corruption cases like social aid corruption by the ex-Social Minister, Juliari Batubara, and vaccines fund corruption by North Sumatera Provincial Health Office authorities are two prominent examples of corruption cases amid the pandemic. Through these cases, such questions as ‘why does corruption in Indonesia still exist even in the Covid-19 pandemic?’ arise. Such cases as the mentioned examples prove that social justice establishment is a concern in Indonesia while the global good governance campaign is not stopping even in pandemics. We argue that such corruption cases affect the Indonesian government to give social justice and lose its responsibility sense to the citizen through a global good governance perspective.
China’s Aid policy approach to Poverty Alleviation in the recipient country: A Case study of the Republic of Guinea
Authors: Diakite Ansoumane Douty
Published: April 2023

This paper examines the extent to which China’s aid policies integrate poverty alleviation as a goal of their aid in general, particularly in Guinea. More specifically, the paper analyzed how aid donors focus on poverty alleviation and which policies and mechanisms are in place to address poverty in the countries receiving aid. Regarding the methodology, the author collected data from secondary sources, including government declarations of donors, policy documents at both the donor and recipient levels, as well as from scholarly publications. The following findings resulted from study:  China’s aid policies have progressively incorporated poverty alleviationobjectives and identified sectors for intervention against poverty. However, the limitations of China approach to poverty is that China adopts a top-down approach to poverty reduction and lacks of an impact evaluation mechanism based on poverty alleviation.
Discourse representation on Indonesian socio-political situation in the Instagram posts of an English-speaking Indonesian community
Authors: Dewanty Monika , Bram Barli
Published: April 2023

This study aims to explore the discourse representation that is used in the Instagram posts of an unofficial news account for the English-speaking Indonesian community. The studies about discourse representation are mostly done in a formal setting and comparative setting. Hence, this study intends to show the discourse representation that is used in an unofficial news account that focuses on the Indonesian socio-political situation. This study used qualitative research to collect and analyze the data. The data was taken from 50 Instagram posts. The data were analyzed by identifying the sentences based on the discourse representation theory. The finding shows that both in direct and indirect discourse, the reporting verbs are mostly used. The reporting verbs in the direct discourse is 69% and indirect discourse 78%. Meanwhile, indirect discourse is the mode and form of discourse representation that is mostly used in Instagram posts with a percentage of 82%.
Hamka’s neo-sufism in the context modern society
Authors: Rahim Fathor , Bachtiar Hasnan
Published: April 2023

This article purposes to analyze and discuss the Hamka's neo-Sufism idea. It is related and contextualized to various problems that emerge in modern society, especially capitalistic industrialization, and hedonistic culture. This article states that Hamka's neo-Sufism aims to find true happiness and transcendence (ma’rifatullah). Through the practice of Hamka's neo-Sufism, it will protect a Muslim from all temptations for the interests of the accumulation of wealth and the pleasures of worldly life. Neo-Sufism persistently strengthens the spiritual quality of a Muslim, making one always aware of when dealing with changing life contexts.
Student Academic Fraud: Fraud Diamond Dimensions and Locus of Control
Authors: Marfuah Marfuah , Dinar Canita Rismatika , Ardiarmi Kinanthi Putri , Prasetyo Priyono Puji
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Student Academic Fraud: Fraud Diamond Dimensions and Locus of Control. This study aims to determine the effect of the fraud diamond and locus of control dimensions on academic fraud behavior. The population of this research is accounting students at the Faculty of Business and Economics, Islamic University of Indonesia, Academic Year 2020/2021 as many as 1,783 students. By using the Slovin formula, the minimum number of samples that meet the Slovin criteria is 95 participants. The sampling method used is convenience sampling by distributing questionnaires via google form so that 261 respondents are collected. The analytical method used to test the research hypothesis is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the variables of pressure, opportunity, rationalization, and external locus of control have a significant positive effect on student academic fraud behavior. The ability variable was not proven to have a significant positive effect on academic fraud behavior. While the internal locus of control variable proved to have a significant negative effect on academic fraud behavior. The results of this study have implications for higher education institutions to make policies that can reduce student academic fraud.Keywords: Academic Fraud, Pressure, Opportunity, Rationalization, Capability, Locus of ControlAbstrak: Kecurangan Akademik Mahasiswa: Dimensi Fraud Diamond dan Locus of Control. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dimensi fraud diamond dan locus of control terhadap perilaku kecurangan akademik. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa akuntansi di Fakultas Bisnis dan Ekonomika Universitas Islam Indonesia Tahun Akademik 2020/2021 sebanyak 1.783 mahasiswa. Dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin, jumlah minimal sampel yang memenuhi kriteria Slovin adalah 95 partisipan. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah convenience sampling dengan menyebarkan kuisioner melalui google form sehingga terkumpul 261 responden. Metode analisis yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis peneltian adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel tekanan, kesempatan, rasionalisasi dan locus of control eksternal terbukti berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap perilaku kecurangan akademik mahasiswa. Variabel kemampuan tidak terbukti berpengaruh positip signifikan terhadap perilaku kecurangan akademik. Sedangkan variabel locus of control internal terbukti berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap perilaku kecurangan akademik. Hasil penelitian ini mempunyai implikasi bagi institusi Perguruan Tinggi untuk membuat kebijakan yang mampu mengurangi tindak kecurangan akademik mahasiswa.Kata kunci: Kecurangan Akademik, Tekanan, Kesempatan, Rasionalisasi, Kemampuan, Locus of Control
Pengaruh Akuntansi Hijau dan Kinerja Lingkungan terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan Tanggung Jawab Sosial sebagai Pemediasi
Authors: Handoko Jesica , Santoso Victor
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThis study aims to examine the influence of green accounting to environmental performance with corporate social responsibility (CSR) mediation. The object of research is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019-2021, namely 132 samples of manufacturing companies selected through a purposive sampling technique. Sources of data are obtained from the company's annual and sustainability reports as well as PROPER ratings. The results of the path analysis test show that green accounting has a negative effect on the company's financial performance, while environmental performance has a positive effect on the company's financial performance. The results also show that green accounting has a positive effect on financial performance through CSR as mediation, while the effect of environmental performance cannot be mediated by CSR. The findings conclude that the more environmental costs incurred to support green accounting through CSR activities, the firm's financial performance will improve. The higher the company's environmental performance (PROPER rating) will encourage the company's CSR activities, but it has not yet affected the company's financial performance.Keywords: Green Accounting, Environmental Performance, Financial Performances, Corporate Social ResponsibilityABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh akuntansi hijau terhadap kinerja lingkungan dengan tanggung jawab sosial sebagai pemediasi. Objek penelitian adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2019-2021 yaitu 132 sampel tahun perusahaan yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Sumber data diperoleh dari laporan tahunan dan keberlanjutan perusahaan serta peringkat PROPER. Hasil uji analisis jalur menunjukkan bahwa akuntansi hijau berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan, sedangkan kinerja lingkungan berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa akuntansi hijau memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan melalui tanggung jawab sosial sebagai mediasi, sedangkan pengaruh kinerja lingkungan tidak dapat dimediasi oleh  tanggung jawab sosial . Temuan menyimpulkan bahwa semakin banyak biaya lingkungan yang dikeluarkan untuk mendukung akuntansi hijau melalui aktivitas  tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan, akan meningkatkan kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Makin tinggi kinerja lingkungan (peringkat PROPER) perusahaan akan mendorong dilakukannya aktivitas  tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan, akan tetapi belum mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan perusahaan.Kata Kunci: Akuntansi Hijau, Kinerja Lingkungan, Kinerja Keuangan, Tanggung Jawab Sosial
Determinan Keputusan Transfer Pricing dengan Independensi Komisaris sebagai Pemoderasi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di BEI
Authors: Zulaikah Marina , Suryarini Trisni
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the exchange rate, profitability, and RD expenditure on transfer pricing decisions with independence of the commissioner as moderator. The population used in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the IDX during 2019-2021 with a total of 183 companies. The sampling method used a purposive sampling technique and 66 units of analysis were selected. The data analysis technique uses the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) interaction test in the moderation regression analysis with the help of the IBM SPSS version 25 application analysis tool. The results showed that profitability had a positive and significant effect on transfer pricing decisions, while the exchange rate and RD expenditure had no effect on transfer pricing decisions. The independence of the commissioners is not able to moderate the effect of the exchange rate, profitability, and RD expenditure on transfer pricing.Keywords: Exchange Rate, Profitability, RD Expenditure, Independence ofthe Commissioner, Transfer pricing.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh exchange rate, profitabilitas, dan RD expenditure terhadap keputusan transfer pricing dengan independensi komisaris sebagai pemoderasi. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI selama 2019-2021 dengan jumlah sebanyak 183 perusahaan. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan terpilih 66 unit analisis. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji interaksi Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) pada analisis regresi moderasinya dengan bantuan alat analisis aplikasi IBM SPSS versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan transfer pricing, sedangkan exchange rate dan RD expenditure tidak berpengaruh terhadap keputusan transfer pricing. Independensi komisaris tidak mampu memoderasi pengaruh exchange rate, profitabilitas, dan RD expenditure terhadap transfer pricing.Kata kunci: Exchange Rate, Profitabilitas, RD Expenditure, IndependensiKomisaris, Transfer pricing
Анализ кооперативной динамики нелинейных систем на основе совместного спектра сингулярностей
Authors: Гуйо Г.А. , Павлов А.Н.
Published: April 2023

A generalization of the wavelet-transform modulus maxima method to the case of multifractal analysis is proposed, in which the cooperative dynamics of subsystems and the change in the interaction between them are characterized using a joint singularity spectrum. On the example of the phenomenon of chaotic synchronization in the model of interacting Lorentz systems, the possibility of diagnosing a change in the functioning regime in terms of the wavelet-based multifractal formalism is illustrated.
Изменение величины испарительного потока в результате объемной конденсации пара вблизи межфазной поверхности
Authors: Левашов В.Ю. , Майоров В.О. , Крюков А.П.
Published: April 2023

An approach that allows to estimate the necessity of homogeneous nucleation process accounting/not accounting for evaporation intensity and to predict the direction (increase or decrease) of mass flux density change of evaporating matter has been proposed. A dimensionless parameter making it possible to determine the areas of increase/decrease of evaporation intensity in the presence of a homogeneous nucleation process is proposed. It is shown that for some substances (methanol, ethanol) the direction of process significantly depends on the nature of heat exchange between the formed droplets and the surrounding vapor droplets.
Механизм ионизации пучковой плазмы, генерируемой электронным пучком в среднем вакууме
Authors: Тюньков А.В. , Андронов А.А. , Юшков Ю.Г. , Золотухин Д.Б.
Published: April 2023

We present the results of the measurements of the ionic composition of plasma generated by an accelerated electron beam at medium vacuum (fore-vacuum) pressures. Calculations of the contribution of plasma electrons and beam electrons to the mechanism of ionization are presented. Comparison of the calculated with the experimental data led us to the conclusion about the dominating contribution of beam electrons and to the ionization process.