bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lokacja Zakliczyna nad Dunajcem w 1558 r.
Authors: Nowogórski Przemysław
Published: July 2022

W dniu 13 czerwca 1558 r. Wawrzyniec Spytek Jordan, znaczący dygnitarz czasów Zygmunta Augusta i właściciel dóbr melsztyńskich, wystawił na zamku Melsztyn dokument lokacyjny dla nowego miasta Zakliczyn nad Dunajcem. Założenie to znajdowało się na miejscu starszej, bo pochodzącej najpewniej jeszcze z końca XI lub początków XII w. wsi, należącej do opactwa tynieckiego. Początkowo pod nazwą Dunaviz, a później jako Opatkowice, jest ona potwierdzona w średniowiecznych źródłach. Była to ważna wieś targowa, położona na uczęszczanym szlaku handlowym, stanowiąca konkurencję dla innych miast, na przykład Czchowa. W 1557 r. Wawrzyniec Spytek Jordan za zgodą króla Zygmunta Augusta dokonał zamiany z ówczesnym opatem tynieckim Wojciechem Baranowski kilku swoich wsi na trzy wsie opackie, m.in. Opatkowice. W następnym już roku założył nowe miasto, nawiązujące nazwą do rodzinnej wsi Jordanów w okolicach Myślenic. Aż do połowy XVII w. naddunajecki Zakliczyn rozwijał się intensywnie, lecz „potop szwedzki” przerwał na wiele dziesięcioleci ten czas rozkwitu.
Ikonografia krakowskiej monstrancji fundacji Anny Ostrowskiej, jako środek przekazu duchowości Zgromadzenia Służebnic Najświętszego Serca Jezusowego
Authors: Antoszczuk Rafał Maria
Published: July 2022

Autor w artykule wskazuje na wartość ufundowanej u początku Zgromadzenia Sióstr Sercanek monstrancji, której wszystkie detale dekoracyjne i ornamenty mają swoje źródło w prawodawstwie Zgromadzenia. Dzięki wspomnianej rzeczywistości monstrancja stała się graficznym przekaźnikiem duchowości, mówiąc o oddawaniu chwały Najświętszemu Sercu Pana Jezusa, o zakorzenieniu życia sióstr sercanek w Ewangelii oraz o czerpaniu przykładu życia od świętych, których za wzór siostrom postawili założyciele Zgromadzenia: św. Józef Sebastian Pelczar oraz bł. Klara Ludwika Szczęsna. Dzięki przeprowadzonym badaniom szczegółowym, autor oprócz wyjaśnienia przekazu ikonograficznego, odkrywa przed czytelnikiem fakt materiału, jaki został użyty do jej zrobienia oraz pracowni, w której monstrancja została wykonana.
Giant bronchopleural fistula and empyema in a tuberculosis patient with diabetes mellitus: Vista from a high tuberculosis burden country in Southeast Asia
Authors: Yanti Budi , Hadi Saiful , Harrika Fenny , Shehzad Aamir
Published: July 2022

Bronchopleural fistula is a pathological tract between the bronchial tree and the pleural space, which can be life-threatening due to tension pneumothorax. It is a rare complication in tuberculosis cases with highly variable in clinical manifestations and persistent air leaks which might lead to complications such as empyema. Herein, we present a tuberculosis and diabetic patient complicated with giant bronchopleural fistula and empyema. A 48-year-old man presented with shortness of breath for two weeks and cough with phlegm for two months. The patient was a smoker with severe Brinkman Index and diabetes. Physical examination revealed hyper resonant percussion and vesicular diminished on the left hemithorax. Laboratory results indicated the patient had anemia, leukocytosis, and hypoalbuminemia. GeneXpert sputum confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and chest X-ray indicated a collapsed left lung. The patient was diagnosed with left secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, pulmonary tuberculosis, and diabetes. The patient was treated with chest tube drainage and anti-tuberculosis drugs. There was no improvement based on serial chest X-ray, and empyema appeared from the chest tube. CT-scan showed tuberculosis lesion, the collapsed of the left lung and fistula in segments 7-8 inferior lobe. Exploratory thoracostomy was performed, in which a giant bronchopleural fistula was detected and then repaired with BioGlue surgical adhesive. Unfortunately, the thoracostomy led to extensive subcutaneous emphysema and was treated by cervical mediastinotomy. The drainage was unable to be removed, and the patient was discharged with Heimlich-type drainage valves on day 28 of treatment. The empyema fluid was cultured and revealed Staphylococcus haemolyticus. This case highlights that tuberculosis could cause a bronchopleural fistula and empyema may occur secondary to late diagnosis that needs immediate surgery.
MEASURING POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL: SCALE CONSTRUCTION AND VALIDATION BY STRUCTURAL EQUATING MODELING
Authors: Saghir Ahmad Ch., Ayesha Batool, Nauman Ahmed Abdullah
Published: July 2022

The field of psychology is broadly perceived in a wide scope of areas, including relationship, education, wellbeing, sports, military, professional and domestic life. Individuals’ behaviors depend upon their psychological thinking style. An individual performs the tasks in a better way with positive psychological thinking instead of a negative thinker. This study was conducted to measure and validate the positive psychological capital scale by using structural equating modeling. Factors analysis was done for instrument validation. A quantitative approach was used to conduct this survey study. University teachers participated in the study as a research sample. A five-point Likert-type scale was used to obtain the information from respondents. The Smart PLS software was used for data analysis. The results of the study displayed that scale is valid and reliable. Teachers’ psychological thinking consisted of four factors and all dimensions have a moderate positive relationship with positive psychological thinking. The R-value of the construct is 0.947 and it is much bigger than the required value. It seems that the goodness of the model exists that confirms the validation of the instrument. Further, all values of the tests applied in SEM ensure that the questionnaire is a valid measure of the psychological capital in the Pakistani context. It is recommended to administer the questionnaire in local settings for upcoming quantitative research studies.
AN ANALYTICAL STUDY ON EARLY MARRIAGE IN PAKISTAN: IMPACT ON EDUCATION AND HEALTH
Authors: Syeda Zainab Shabbar, Asma Manzoor
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this research is to reveal the impact on education and health the one who has been got married at very young age. Early marriage is still a challenge issue in developing countries especially in Southern Asia countries. Early marriage defines as a marriage in which a child is putting into marriage before the age of 18. Globally, according to UNICEF, 12 million girls marry before the age of 18 each year. If sustainable action is not taken seriously now, more than 150 million girls will become child brides by 2030. Although child marriage affects the health of both sexes, girls are either physically or mentally directly influenced on their health and also are deprived on their education because they are to leave from the school, the UNFPA’s report estimates that due to early marriage, the students of secondary level have decreased which is around 3.4% in 2017, is called a human rights violation. A million girls are suffering not only related to physical issues, but they are also making victims by double burden by stereotype practice which is totally destroying young girls' life. This paper talks about the element of culture factors behind the practice of Child Marriage that some culture exists in Pakistan which continues to perpetuate by practicing early marriage in most communities due to discrimination and inequality amongst boys and girls. Marriage customs vary in culture to culture and region to region. In Pakistan, child Marriage is exercised through old tradition such as “Watta Satta” means that girls are exchanged between two families, and “Pait Lekhi” means that a girl is engaged before her birth. In Pakistan, Marriage in nearest or distance relatives is very common which causes early marriage and sometimes not given the importance of education for girls. It is said that early marriage provides a girl’s honor and keeps pure. It will also be with the hope to examine the health implications on the life of the children.
PREVALENCE OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT AMONG WOMEN AGRICULTURAL LABORERS AND PERCEIVED IMPACTS ON THEIR PHYSICAL & MENTAL HEALTH
Authors: Naveed Farah, Saima Afzal, Izhar Ahmad Khan
Published: July 2022

Large number of women is working as laborers in agricultural sector of Pakistan particularly in cotton picking, wheat harvesting, rice transplanting, and dairy sector. Gender based Violence and sexual harassment is fairly observable and reported in the formal sector of the urban areas but a research gap exists to study sexual harassment in informal sector, and particularly in agriculture sector. Present study is intended to understand the patterns and types of sexual harassment of woman laborers in agriculture sector. A sample of 250 women agricultural laborer/workers from five districts of Punjab province were selected for a face to face survey to explore the patterns of sexual harassment and its perceived impact for their health and the stigma attached to report such incidences. The views of male counterparts were obtained through key informant interviews of agricultural contractors and landlords. The results revealed that majority of the respondents faced gender based discrimination (50 %), low wages as compared to men (64 %), lack of respect (45.2 %) and negative attitudes of male workers (44 %). The data regarding verbal harassment indicated that such incidences are on the higher side (38.4 %) as compared to non-verbal (28.8 %) and physicaal (9.6 %) types of sexual harassment. The woman laborers also suffered different physical and psychological consequences of sexual harassment like; sleeping problem, depression, anxiety and isolation. However, the trend of not lodging the complaints by the victims was clearly evident i.e. 91.6 % representing the stigma and fear of disgrace associated with sexual harassment in the rural communities of Pakistan. Strong advocacy campaigns by academia and Non-governmental agencies to sensitize the rural communities are seriously required coupled with extending the purview of labor laws and harassment act of Pakistan to informal workers by policy makers.
FLIPPED LEARNING AND PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS OF NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
Authors: Rabeeca Bhatti, Farkhanda Warsi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to explore the perception of the students of English department at NUML Hyderabad campus. The qualitative research method was used in this study to investigate the flipped learning outcome. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants in this study. Forty Participant selected for this study from the English department BS-II, BS-III and BS- VIII students were selected. The researcher conducted interviews from the participants or students. The study findings shows that the positive attitudes of the students towards flipped learning method. Further, the students were agreed that flipped method much more interesting and perceived it better over traditional methods. This study also recommends some suggestions to the university teachers and higher education commission of Pakistan.
PATH LOSS PREDICTION BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES: SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE, ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK, AND MULTILINEAR REGRESSION MODEL
Authors: Idogho J. , George G.
Published: July 2022

The rapid progress in fairness, transparency, and reliability is inextricably linked to Nigeria's rise as one of the continent's leading telecom markets. Path loss has been one of the key issues in providing high-quality service in the telecommunications industry. Comparing route loss prediction systems with high accuracy and minimal complexity is so critical. In this article, the simulation of data was compared using three alternative models: Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and a conventional Multilinear Regression (MLR) model. The performance of the various models is evaluated using measured data. The simulated outcome was then assessed using various performance efficiency metrics, including the Determination Coefficient (R2) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Square Error (MSE) and Root Square Error (R2) (MSE). For the modelling of all inputs, the anticipated results showed that the ANN model is marginally better than the SVM model. The results also demonstrated that the ANN and SVM models could model path loss prediction better than the MLR model. As a result, it is possible to recommend using ANN to estimate path loss.
COVID-19 and legal responses on the island of Ireland: introducing the key themes
Authors: Bartlett Ollie , Maddox Neil , McQuigg Ronagh , Mulligan Andrea
Published: July 2022

Introduction to the special issue.
Digital technology and privacy attitudes in times of COVID-19: formal legality versus legal reality in Ireland
Authors: Celeste Edoardo , Montgomery Sorcha , Suriyawongkul Arthit
Published: July 2022

The adoption of digital technologies to counteract the spread of COVID-19 has resulted in a major exposure of our rights to privacy and data protection. An empirical study conducted in Ireland by the Science Foundation Ireland-funded project PRIVATT demonstrates that privacy attitudes have shifted, resulting in a greater willingness to share personal data in order to combat the pandemic, while, at the same time, upholding a persistent mistrust in the public and private institutions overseeing this global health crisis. This article interprets these findings from a socio-legal perspective, arguing that people tend to overlook the inalienable nature of the essence of their rights to privacy and data protection, the compression of which is not admissible under EU law. Moreover, the widespread mistrust of public and private actors evidences a divergence between the formal legality of the technological solutions adopted and the legal reality that brings about the Irish public’s perception of government measures as potentially infringing their fundamental rights. These considerations will prompt recommendations in pursuit of enhancing transparency, involvement in decision-making processes and data protection literacy amongst the population.
Does Ireland need a constitutional right to health after the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Bartlett Ollie
Published: July 2022

There will be many legal legacies of the COVID-19 pandemic. This commentary argues that one of them should be the constitutionalisation of the right to health in Ireland. The overriding objective of saving lives has not always been explicitly linked with fundamental rights protection in government communications or the mainstream media. When the state police power permits the adoption of extraordinary measures to protect the public’s health, why would there be a need for a constitutional right to health? This commentary argues that the existence of a constitutional right to health in Ireland would make the process of designing, implementing and explaining the necessity of restrictions in times of public health crisis a more transparent exercise. Moreover, a constitutional right to health would provide a normative and procedural framework for reviewing government decisions that restrict one aspect of the right to health (for example maternity care) to protect another (protection from infectious disease). This commentary links these considerations to the recent proposal to amend the Irish Constitution to include a right to health and addresses the concerns raised about such a process in light of the benefits of a constitutional right to health as well as the social changes wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic. The commentary also evaluates the constitutional text that was proposed and highlights some of the considerations that must be taken into account when drafting a constitutional right to health.
Pentology of Cantrell: Case Report
Authors: SARIKAYA Mahmut Serkan , DOKUREL İpek , ÇETİN Orkun , CENK Tümerkan
Published: July 2022

Cantrell pentalogy is a rare disorder encountered in fetal an intrauterine life. Pentalogy of Cantrell consist more than one pathological components these are sternal, pericardial, diafragmatic, anterior abdominal wall defects.Pentalogy of Cantrell firstly described by Cantrelll and colleageus at 1958. Prevalance of Cantrell is 1/65.000- 1/200.000. In our case we want to evaluate clinical and post clinical pathways insight of literature.
¿Deben nuestros jueces ser filósofos? ¿Pueden ser filósofos?
Authors: Dworkin Ronald
Published: July 2022

Este ensayo analiza una salida al dilema de si los jueces deben o pueden ser filósofos. A partir de una valoración de los dramáticos asuntos que deben resolver los jueces, y que inevitablemente los remiten a cuestiones filosóficas, se sustentará que es válido pensar que pueden ser lo suficientemente filósofos como para aliviar el punto nodal del dilema. En el proceso de toma de decisiones los jueces afrontan problemas, especialmente en las áreas del derecho público, que requieren juicios sobre cuestiones morales polarizantes que son objeto de un profundo y continuo estudio y confrontación filosóficas. Se concluye con un consejo a los jueces: sean sinceros respecto al papel que los conceptos filosóficos realmente juegan, tanto en el diseño general como en los exquisitos detalles de nuestra estructura jurídica, y sean realistas sobre el duro trabajo que afrontarán para cumplir la promesa de esos conceptos.
SEQUELAS DA LINHA DE FRENTE: PRINCIPAIS AGRAVOS DA SAÚDE MENTAL EM FISIOTERAPEUTAS DURANTE E APÓS A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 - UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Oliveira Aucélio João Pedro de , Rodrigues da Silva Natasha , Matos Moreno da Silva João Gabriel , Lima Guarese Ana Gabrielle , Garcia Reis Junior Antonio
Published: July 2022

O objetivo do trabalho em questão é analisar os prejuízos que acometeram a saúde mental dos fisioterapeutas no período da pandemia de Covid-19. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, a qual reuniu artigos das plataformas BVSalud e Pubmed. Foram avaliados e organizados os resultados envolvendo algumas das principais características dos artigos, como a duração do trabalho, a população envolvida, as ferramentas utilizadas e o impacto da pandemia de Covid-19. O presente artigo demonstrou níveis aumentados de sintomas de desânimo, esgotamento, inquietude e angústia, porém faz-se necessário mais pesquisas acerca do tema.
Investigating the Relationship between Inflation and Economic Growth: A Case of Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Tariq
Published: July 2022

We re-evaluate empirically the relationship in inflation, and economic growth for Pakistan over the period of 1985 to 2019. Using the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) method, this study used the Wald and F-Bound test to find out long-term relationships between these variables and investigate the effect of Inflation over Pakistan economic growth and trade. Our result indicates inflation is negatively affecting economic growth and terms of trade in long run. The results showed that a moderate level of inflation is beneficial for growth and trade while high level or double-digit figure inflation harmful for Pakistan economy. According to the results of the study, inflation is away from its equilibrium value. Error correction term”- 0.16” reveals that 16 percent adjustment has been occurred during the year in the short run-in economic growth. This study also shows that inflation and Terms of trade volatility in Pakistan has negative relation. When Inflation increases terms of trade decreases and vice versa. It reveals that a low and stable rate of inflation boost the trade which leads to prosperity of the countrymen while high rate of inflation is detrimental for economic growth and Trade.
A Critique of the Counter-Terrorism (Temporary Exclusion Orders) Act 2019 (Cth) in Light of Australia’s Obligations under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
Authors: Couzens Meda
Published: July 2022

on the Rights of the Child Author Meda Couzens This article challenges the position of the Australian executive that the Counter-Terrorism (Temporary Exclusion Orders) Act 2019 (Cth) is compatible with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (‘CRC’). Placing the discussion in the context of Australian children detained in Kurdish camps in Northern Syria on the ground of their involvement, or their parents’ involvement, with Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, the article contends that the Act does not permit the best interests of the child to be meaningfully taken into consideration (contrary to article 3(1) of the CRC). The article also argues that the Act has negative consequences for nationality rights and rights concerning the protection of the relationship between children and their parents (articles 7–9 and 16 of the CRC).
Legal Duties of Researchers to Protect Participants in Child Maltreatment Surveys: Advancing Legal Epidemiology
Authors: Mathews Ben
Published: July 2022

Legal Epidemiology Author Ben Mathews Studies of the prevalence of child maltreatment respond to a public policy imperative to better understand and prevent child abuse and neglect. These studies span domains of law, public health, and legal epidemiology. When conducting them, researchers must comply with legal duties to protect research participants. Australia has a complex legal environment, with additional challenges when participants are children, or are in danger. Duties arise in three bodies of law, vary across States and Territories, and require statutory interpretation, conceptual analysis, and operationalisation. This article conducts the first comprehensive analysis of researchers’ legal duties to protect participants in child maltreatment surveys. It contributes new understandings of the operation of mandatory reporting duties in child protection law, duties to report child abuse offences in criminal law, and the duty of care in negligence law. The analysis informs conclusions about the applicability of these duties, and indicates a legally compliant, ethically sound, and operationally practicable approach. Findings are relevant to multiple settings.
IVAN D. SHISHMANOV – THE EUROPEANIZED BULGARIAN (Dedicated to the 160th anniversary of the birth of Prof. Dr. Ivan D. Shishmanov (22 June 1862 – 22 June 1928)
Authors:   South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Krasteva Nadezhda , Kolev Jordan
Published: July 2022

In the archives and in the memories of the Bulgarian intelligentsia about the personality and work of Ivan D. Shishmanov, evidence is sought for the qualities and abilities that elevate him as a “model of a Europeanized Bulgarian”. The assumption that his cultural ideas and diverse scientific and managerial activities are nationally significant, humane and democratic was confirmed, and they are a call for peace and cooperation in our country and in the Balkans. He is a true intellectual, Spirit of the Bulgarian time, who trie to create, on the model of Europe, the nation and the Third Bulgarian State – with based in consciousness and law, with morality and ethics, with education and culture; with legality, tolerance and integrity.
Anxiety, rumination and academic stress
Authors: Jessica Paola Palacios Garay, , Mitchell Alberto Alarcón Díaz, , Clotilde Paula Venegas Mejía, , María Antonieta Loayza López,
Published: July 2022

Background: The pandemic, caused by this new virus, has had an impact on various areas of health such as psychological well-being, since it generated fear of contagion of this disease, in addition to not having the necessary resources to face this new reality imposed by the covid-19; This caused another challenge to face in this pandemic. The effects of covid-19 on university students have brought out feelings and emotions that used to be regulated by thoughts; however, these are now affected by different situations. Objective of the study: The objective was to know the levels of anxiety, rumination and academic stress: effects of covid-19 of university students. Method: The methodology used consisted of a descriptive study with a non-experimental cross-sectional design; the sample was 660 students of the first cycle of the Health career of a private university; sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience; three instruments were used to measure the variables anxiety (STAI), academic stress (SISCO) and ruminative responses (RRS).
A comparative study of sonographic evaluation of thyroid nodules, using TIRADS, with fine needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Khan Naseer Ahmad , Yaqub Munaza , Dar Sajad Ahmad , Salroo Imran Nazir
Published: July 2022

Various imaging modalities have been used in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases. Ultrasonography followed by USG guided FNAC is usually done in evaluating any thyroid nodule that is palpable on physical examination. FNAC often used as the initial screening test for diagnosis of thyroid nodule. This study was a cross-sectional study where patients with palpable thyroid nodules or clinically evident thyroid disease (hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism) were evaluated by ultrasound examination, which were correlated with FNAC of the patient. Statistical software SPSS (version 20.0) and Microsoft Excel were used to carry out the statistical analysis of data. It was concluded that conclusion high resolution ultrasound is an accurate technique to assess the morphology of thyroid nodules.
Adaptive secured position based routing protocol for efficient data transmission in Vehicular Adhoc network
Authors: Tamilselvi R. , Indumathi A.
Published: July 2022

Variable number of cars equipped with radio devices allow the driver to exchange messages seamlessly across the network, no matter where they are in relation to each other. Inter-vehicle video transmission is an important feature of the VANET. Foreseeing the development of commercial service, video streaming appears to be a practical answer to a number of expected services. For data transmission in vehicular ad hoc networks, this study examines non-delay-tolerant and delay-tolerant network protocols, respectively.Different performance metric criteria like Packet Loss ratio, Number of Packet delivered, Route Length are evaluated.
cross sectional observational study of prevalence and risk factors of uncontrolled Asthma among adults in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Koppu M. Dhanamurthy
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways causing episodes of airflow obstruction. This chronic inflammation increases airways hyper responsiveness (AHR) to stimulants. In general, Asthma has become an important public health problem. Asthma is not only a leading cause of hospitalization in children, but also an important chronic condition causing school absenteeism. There is also increase in hospital admissions and emergency department visits to a greater degree worldwide which has lead to changes in medical practice. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted for a period of one year (January 2021 to December 2021) at the department of Respiratory Medicine, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry. All adults >18 years of age of both genders with a diagnosis of asthma according to GINA guidelines for a duration of at least one year. Other causes of obstructive airway disease like bronchiectasis, post TB Obstructive airway disease were excluded. Informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Results: A total of 220 subjects completed the questionnaire satisfactorily. The male: female ratio was 59:51 and mean age of subjects was 35.25±12.34 years with majority of them (59.1%) belonging to the 26-45-year age group.
conceptual study on role of farmer producer organization in measurement, evaluation and enhancement of sustainable agricultural effectiveness
Authors: Santhosha Santhosha , Anuradha C. K. , Arunkumar M. S.
Published: July 2022

Agriculture in India employs more than 50% of the population. Constant support for agriculture from the public and private sources has not been able to reduce the plight of the farmers in India. They still lack access store sources and inputs needed for farming. In this scenario, Farmer Producer Organization (FPO) has been introduced to meet the needs of its members who arealso the shareholders. Farmers Organization are essential institutions for the empowerment,Poverty alleviation and advancement of farmers and also the rural poor. Politically, Farmers Organization strengthens the political power of farmers, by increasing the likelihood that theirnecessity and opinions are heard by policy makers and the public. Economically, Farmers Organizations can help to farmers gain skills, access inputs, form enterprises, process andmarket their products more effectively to generate higher incomes. The present study aims toidentify the services provided by the FPO.Government has initiated many FPO Initiative through different agencies such as State Governments, SFAC,NABARD, NCDEX, and NGOs.
Determination of potassium bromade in bread samples from Gashua and Nguru communities of Yobe state, Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed Saminu Dagari  , Lami Jafiya  , Mohammed Idris  , Ahmed Alin Baffa
Published: July 2022

This study was aimed at determining the level of potassium bromate in some selected bread samples consumed in Gashua and Nguru areas council of Yobe State-Nigeria, with the view of ascertaining the level of dietary exposure of consumers of bread in Gashua and Nguru to the risk of Potassium bromate. Breads was collected from fourteen (14) different bakeries in Two local government (Nguru and Bade local government area): Bread samples were bought directly from the bakeries in the selected areas of Gashua (Bade) and Nguru local government area) of Yobe State. Sample collection and preparations were conducted using standard procedures. Studies were conducted between the period of three months (October, December and March). Bread sample from study areas were collected and the levels of potassium bromate (KBrO3) was determined. The results of potassium bromate in bread samples obtained in this study were 12.16 μg/g and 0.0001μg/g for highest and the lowest level of KBrO3 found in bread samples consumed in Nguru and Gashua town. The potassium bromate levels in the bread samples were determined using a spectrophotometer at 620 nm. The concentration was calculated from the linear regression curve obtained from the standard solutions of Potassium bromate. The overall Results of the studies for the three months showed that potassium bromate was detected in all the months and was highest among samples collected in Gashua having 0.75±1.76 mg/g and Nguru 0.66 ±1.98 mg/g. For the three month not detected the highest value was found in Gashua with -0.23 ±0.41 mg/g, while the least value is found in Nguru -0.33 ±0.41 mg/g. The mean and standard deviation showed the following values in Nguru 3.01 ±3.41 mg/g and 2.47 ± 2.54 mg/g in Gashua for the first month and 0.00 ±0.00 mg/g for both Nguru and Gashua for the third month. The quality of bread in Gashua and Nguru local government area of Yobe state have not been monitored, thus there is no information concerning the level of potassium bromate in this area, since there is high rate of consumption of bread. Routine monitoring of potassium Bromate in these study areas is necessary for the prevention, and control of the intake, so as to minimize health risks.
La tutela delle donne afghane nella prospettiva del diritto internazionale
Authors: Ragni Chiara
Published: July 2022

The increasing abuses and human rights’ restrictions whose Afghan women are victims arise the question as to what remedies are provided by international law in order to address this dramatic situation. To answer this question the paper focuses first on the role played by the United Nations, that in 2002 established the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA), which was entrusted to implement and to monitor the application of human rights in the State. Secondly, it seeks to frame the legal obligations that international law place upon States, and upon Afghanistan in particular, as regards the protection of women’s rights, in order to finally question, both in a de iure condito and in a de iure condendo perspective, the effectiveness of the remedies provided by international law in addressing the continuous and systematic violations of international human rights perpetrated against Afghan women
Tra Personal Law e tutela dei diritti umani: le “Minority Women” nel contesto afghano e oltre
Authors: Nardocci Costanza
Published: July 2022

The paper aims at investigating the current status of Afghan women’s human rights from the perspective of constitutional and comparative public law in light of the debate on minority women’s condition in multicultural and multiethnic legal systems.

Moving beyond the analysis of the Afghan legal system and hinging on selected statistics on Afghanistan’s ethnically diverse composition, the first part of the paper examines Afghan’s women condition following the coming into force of the 2004 Constitution by interlacing the constitutional provisions with the existing rules of Personal and Customary Law.

The second part of the paper goes on by comparing the Afghan legal system with selected European and extra-European Countries featured by systems of law, that similarly to Afghanistan rely on a mixture of State Laws, Personal, and Customary Laws to highlight the extent to which these systems affect women’s human rights and, especially, those of minority women
The Importance of Effective Communication in Healthcare Practice
Authors: Ratna Haran
Published: July 2022

Effective communication is of the utmost importance when delivering healthcare. Without it, the quality of healthcare would be impaired. Healthcare costs and negative patient outcomes would increase. There are multiple components to effective communication in a healthcare setting: healthcare literacy, cultural competency and language barriers. If any one of these components is compromised, effective communication does not occur. Effective communication is bidirectional between patients and healthcare systems. If either the patient or health care provider lacks clear understanding of the information conveyed, the delivery of care is compromised. The purpose of this review is to analyze the components of effective communication in a healthcare setting, cite current professional standards for each and propose solutions for improvement.
Conflicts of Patient-Caregiver Communication and Some Workable Solutions
Authors: Collins Vanessa
Published: July 2022

Health communication is a central topic in public health, especially due to the Affordable Care Act and subsequent changes in insurance policies which affect caregivers and healthcare systems. Poor communication skills in life leads to a myriad of issues, in healthcare it can lead to medical malpractice. This paper is a literature review based on the types of communication that takes place between doctors and their patients or healthcare-workers and their clients. It discusses a few common issues that arise in healthcare through an analysis of the distinct kinds of communication which takes place in many healthcare settings not partial to the hospital but includes nursing homes, the emergency room and in-home healthcare environments.
Tantangan Kedaulatan Maritim Indonesia Di Laut Timor Dan Laut Arafura Pasca Kemerdekaan Timor Leste
Authors: Rizal Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic state in the world, therefore it becomes an important marine transportation and shipping lane, particularly in Asia Pasific. The status as an archipelagic state recognized in the UNCLOS 1982 requires that Indonesia establish Archipelagic Sea Lines. Indonesia has a maritime boundary with many of states, including Timor Sea and Arafura Sea. Post independence of Timor Leste, Indonesia faced the challenge of maritime security sovereignty in Timor Sea and Arafura Sea, by the form of traditional and non-traditional security challenge because there was no obvious maritime boundary within both sea.
Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Terhadap Disiplin Aparatur Sipil Negara Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Authors: Mustanir Ahmad , AR Andi Asmawati , Syarifuddin Haeruddin , Jabar Abdul , Saifullah Saifullah , Sellang Kamaruddin , Razak Muhammad Rais Rahmat , Ibrahim Monalisa , Ali Akhwan , Irwan Irwan
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the implementation of government policies on the discipline of the state civil apparatus at the Village Office in Baranti District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling technique with a total sample of 23 people. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature study. Quantitative data analysis techniques used are frequency tabulation analysis and simple regression analysis with the help of SPSS 20.0 for windows program and Likert Scale. Based on the results of the questionnaire, it was obtained a recapitulation of the variables of government policy implementation, measured through indicators of the right policy, right implementer, right target, right environment, and right process, 41% included in the "good enough" category. The recapitulation of the discipline variable of the state civil apparatus is measured by indicators of time discipline, regulatory discipline, and responsibility discipline, 33% of which are included in the "less good" category. Based on the results of the processed simple regression analysis using SPSS 20.0 for windows, with the Summary Model obtained a value of 41% in the "good enough" category.
Pengaruh Fenomena Tren Korean Wave Dalam Perkembangan Fashion Style Di Indonesia
Authors: Wicaksono Muhammad Alvin , Patricia W Annisa , Maryana Dita
Published: July 2022

The Korean wave phenomenon has taken the world by storm. Korean Wave is a term that refers to the popularity of Korean pop culture overseas. In this case, the term is used across the country to refer to the wider spread of South Korean pop culture in general or around the world. Besides KPop and Kdrama, Korean culture is also very widespread, even fans apply elements of Korean culture in their daily life. One that is very common in various parts of the world is fashion style or Korean fashion style. The world of fashion is experiencing rapid development, especially Korean fashion, which has influenced hairstyles, ways of dressing, shoes, and even makeup. Korean fashion is considered unique because it represents bright clothing colors and is easy to match with Asian bodies and skin tones. Korean fashion exists and influences its followers in their daily life. From this we can conclude how the problem of dependence on Korean fashion styles affects the behavior of the population in Indonesia.
O narcotráfico e a invenção eurocêntrica do outro: uma leitura fronteiriça
Authors: Osiro Linhar Tiago
Published: July 2022

Partindo da teorização da “crítica biográfica fronteiriça” (Nolasco, 2017), este artigo propõe uma leitura de como a anulação dos espaços foi importante para que a narrativa eurocêntrica (forjada na temporalidade) pudesse encobrir os meios pelos quais se consumou o projeto que transformou a Europa em “centro e fim da história universal” (Dussel, 2007). Para tanto, partiremos do lócus em que emerge o presente texto, ou seja, da fronteira Sul do Brasil. A fim de ilustrarmos a discussão, abordaremos as imagens de palácios que, na literatura e na filosofia, metaforizaram espaços geográficos. Trata-se do Palácio de Cristal de Londres, metáfora utilizada pela primeira vez por Dostoievski e mais tarde retomada por Peter Sloterdijk (2008). Em tal perspectiva, percebeu-se o Palácio de Cristal de Londres como uma representação da civilização europeia. Por outro lado, encontraremos semelhante metáfora no palácio/cartel da novela Trabajos del reino (2004) de Yuri Herrera que, segundo Romero (2015), pode ser lido como a representação de um espaço geográfico. O narcotráfico, por fim, será abordado como uma via de ascensão britânica que, após a narrativa da história universal, converteu-se em uma prática estigmatizada e inerente a outros povos que não os europeus.
Digitális kompetencia modellek a közigazgatásban : Nemzetközi kitekintés
Authors: Németh Adrienn
Published: July 2022

A digitalizáció az élet minden területén átalakulást kíván. Amíg egykor az aktakupacok között szinte elvesztek a hivatalnokok, manapság egy jól felkészült tisztviselőnek az elektronikus ügyintézés csínját-bínját szükséges megismerni és elsajátítani. Átalakulásban van a világ a közigazgatási szektorban is, és a COVID-járványnak köszönhetően ez még inkább csak felgyorsult. A munka megfelelő elvégzéséhez szükséges kompetencia- és képességhalmaz egyre inkább a digitális irány felé tolódik el, és egyre több európai uniós tagállam fogalmazza meg ezeket egyfajta rendszerbe sorolva. A digitális kompetencia keretek kidolgozása a digitális évtizedben különösen fontos, hiszen az uniós célként kitűzött 100 %-os e-ügyintézés eléréséhez világos és egyértelmű követelményekre van szükség. Érdemes megnézni, hogy az ebben élen járó országok milyen struktúrák mentén fogalmazták meg a kompetenciakövetelményeiket, és a nagy nemzetközi szervezetek milyen iránymutatásokat adnak mindehhez.
Genetic variability in Pinus gerardiana Wall. Ex Lamb. revealed by RAPD markers
Authors: Ginwal Harish , Jadon Vikas , Maurya Shalini
Published: July 2022

Six populations of Pinus gerardiana from the states of Himachal Pradesh representing the natural range of distribution were evaluated for genetic diversity using the RAPD markers. Fifteen random decamer primers, selected from thirty-five primers initially screened, were used to assess variation. A total of 149 amplified products were generated out of which 111 amplicons were polymorphic. All selected primers produced polymorphic amplification products, however, the extent of polymorphism varied with each primer. The value of similarity coefficient had a very narrow range from 0.53 to 0.67. The genetic distance varied from 0.32 to 0.44 between populations. The UPGMA dendrogram revealed the clustering of six populations of P. gerardiana in two clusters. First cluster consisted of four populations i.e. Lawrang, Respa, Speelo-1 and Speelo. The second cluster consisted of two populations i.e. Ampa and Kanam having a similarity coefficient of 0.66. The populations of the P. gerardiana showed high homogeneity and a very low amount of genetic divergence as evident by the very narrow range of the similarity coefficient and genetic distance. The average percent polymorphism is also very low in this species.
Continuous hemilaminectomy of nine vertebrae can be performed safely in large breed dogs: a case report of a German Shepherd Dog with intervertebral disc extrusion and extensive extradural hemorrhage.
Authors: Lackmann Felix
Published: July 2022

Background: Extended, continuous hemilaminectomy has only been reported in small to medium sized dogs so far. It remains unclear whether excessive continuous hemilaminectomy can also be performed safely in large breed dogs.
Case Description: We describe the surgical treatment and clinical outcome of a 5-year-old German Shepherd Dog that was presented with paraplegia and deep pain perception following a short episode of bilateral hind-limb lameness, secondary to jumping off of a car. CT-myelography revealed that the paraplegia originated from extensive extradural spinal cord compression (Th6-L1), due to intervertebral disc extrusion and associated epidural hemorrhage. The dog was treated with a continuous hemilaminectomy involving nine vertebrae (Th6-L1) and recovered completely with no remaining neurological deficits, within six months.
Conclusion: The rapid, uncomplicated and complete functional recovery in the presented case emphasizes the practicability of extensive, continuous hemilaminectomies, also in large breed dogs.
The effect of a support program on the burden of spouses caring for their partners with breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hosseinnejad Seyedeh-Zeynab , Elyasi Forouzan , Mousavinasab Seyed-Nouraddin , Shahhosseini Zohreh
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the effect of a support program on burden of spouses caring for their partners with breast cancer.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was conducted among spouses of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy at a referral chemotherapy center in Iran. They were assigned to intervention (n=40) and control (n=40) groups using permuted block randomization. Three small group sessions lasted 45-60 minutes, followed by three telephone-based sessions, lasting 15-20 minutes (twice a week). The intervention sessions included defining stress management strategies in different situations: strengthening creativity, optimism, and management in planning, and defining the role of the caregiver. Primary outcome was care burden, and secondary outcomes were spouses’ stress, satisfaction with intervention, and partners’ quality of life (QOL). The caregiver burden inventory, depression anxiety stress questionnaire, World Health Organization QOL brief version, and client satisfaction questionnaire were completed before and after the intervention and at a 6-week follow-up.ResultsThirty-eight participants in each group with a mean age of 44.24±9.01 years completed the study. Repeated measures analysis of variance showed a significant difference in the care burden (P<0.05; effect size, 0.70), stress (P<0.05; effect size, 0.64), and women’s QOL (P<0.05; effect size, 0.67) before and after the intervention.ConclusionThe results of this study can be used to develop interventions, targeting the care burden and stress of spouses of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.
Prophylactic tranexamic acid to reduce blood loss and related morbidities during hysterectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Abu-Zaid Ahmed , Baradwan Saeed , Badghish Ehab , AlSghan Rayan , Ghazi Ahmed , Albouq Bayan , Khadawardi Khalid , AlNaim Nora F , AlNaim Latifa F , Fodaneel Meshael , AbuAlsaud Fatimah Shakir , Jamjoom Mohammed Ziad , Almubarki Abdullah AMA , Alsehaimi Saud Owaimer , Alabdrabalamir Safa , Alomar Osama , Al-Badawi Ismail A. , Salem Hany
Published: July 2022

To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy and safety of prophylactic tranexamic acid (TXA) versus a control (placebo or no treatment) during hysterectomy for benign conditions. Six databases were screened from inception to January 23, 2022. Eligible studies were assessed for risk of bias. Outcomes were summarized as weighted mean differences and risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals in a random-effects model. Five studies, comprising six arms and 911 patients were included in the study. Two and three studies had an overall unclear and low risk of bias, respectively. Estimated intraoperative blood loss, requirement for postoperative blood transfusion, and requirement for intraoperative topical hemostatic agents were significantly reduced in a prophylactic TXA group when compared with a control group. Moreover, postoperative hemoglobin level was significantly higher in the prophylactic TXA group than in the control group. Conversely, the frequency of self-limiting nausea and vomiting was significantly higher in the prophylactic TXA group than in the control group. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of surgery duration, hospital stay, and diarrhea rate. All the RCTs reported no incidence of major adverse events in either group, such as mortality, thromboembolic events, visual disturbances, or seizures. There was no publication bias for any outcome, and leave-one-out sensitivity analyses demonstrated stability of the findings. Among patients who underwent hysterectomy for benign conditions, prophylactic TXA appeared largely safe and correlated with substantial reductions in estimated intraoperative blood loss and related morbidities.