bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic conversations: Clinical Decision Making in surgery – Part 2
Authors: Watters David Allan , Beasley Spencer Wynyard , Crebbin Wendy
Published: May 2014

Proceduralists who fail to review their decision making are unlikely to learn from their experiences, irrespective of whether the operative outcome is successful or not. Teaching junior surgeons to develop ‘insight’ into their own decision making has long been a challenge. Surgeons and staff of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons worked together to develop a model to help explain the processes around clinical decision making and incorporated this model into a Clinical Decision Making (CDM) training course. In this course, faculty apply the model to specific surgical cases, within the model’s framework of how clinical decisions are made; thus providing an opportunity to identify specific decision making processes as they occur and to highlight some of the learning opportunities they provide. The conversation in this paper illustrates the kinds of case-based interactions which typically occur in the development and teaching of the CDM course.The focus in this, the second of two papers, is on reviewing post-operative clinical decisions made in relation to one case, to improve the quality of subsequent decision making.
Functions of the neuron-specific protein ADAP1 (centaurin-α1) in neuronal differentiation and neurodegenerative diseases, with an overview of structural and biochemical properties of ADAP1
Authors: Stricker Rolf , Reiser Georg
Published: May 2014

Eukaryotic cells express numerous ArfGAPs (ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating proteins). There is increasing knowledge about the function of the brain-specific protein ADAP1 [ArfGAP with dual pleckstrin homology (PH) domain] as well as about its biochemical properties. The ADAP subfamily, also designated centaurin-α, has an N-terminal ArfGAP domain followed by two PH domains. The mammalian ADAP subfamily consists of two identified isoforms, ADAP1 and ADAP2 (centaurin-α1 and -α2). ADAP1 is highly expressed in neurons. We highlight the functional roles of ADAP1 in neuronal differentiation and neurodegeneration. Because of interactions with different proteins and phosphoinositol-lipids, ADAP1 can function as a scaffolding protein in several signal transduction pathways. Firstly, ADAP1 mediates cytoskeletal crosstalk. This is indicated by multiple interactions of ADAP1 with components of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. Secondly, regulation of neuronal polarity formation and axon specification by ADAP1 is suggested by crystal structural data obtained for human ADAP1, and the complexes of ADAP1-Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 and/or the forkhead-associated domain of the kinesin KIF13B. These structures support the concept that a KIF13B-ADAP1 complex enhances the local accumulation of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 at the tips of neurites, and thus favors neuronal polarity. Thirdly, recent evidence unravels a pathological role of ADAP1 because upregulation of ADAP1 by amyloid β-peptide causes ADAP1-Ras-ERK-dependent translocation of Elk-1 to mitochondria. This impairs mitochondrial functions with subsequent synaptic dysfunction and exacerbates neurodegeneration, as in Alzheimer’s disease.
Putative kallikrein substrates and their (patho)biological functions
Authors: Yu Yijing , Prassas Ioannis , Diamandis Eleftherios P.
Published: May 2014

Human tissue kallikreins (KLKs) represent the largest contiguous group of protease genes within our genome. All 15 KLK genes co-localize within approximately 260 kb in human chromosome 19q13.3–13.4 (14 640 kb→274 990 kb). They are widely expressed in several tissues and mediate a wide range of critical physiological and pathological processes. Despite the recent developments in KLK research, elucidation of their physiological substrate repertoires remains a largely unfulfilled goal. Phage display, positional scanning and combinatorial peptide library screens have provided some valuable insights into the preferred specificities of these powerful enzymes. More recently, advances in proteomic technologies have enabled more systemic approaches towards identification of KLK substrates in a physiological setting. The advent of degradomic technologies has brought to light several putative physiological substrates and has allowed a deeper appreciation of the in vivo functional roles of KLKs. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the different techniques that have been utilized towards the elucidation of the substrate specificities of these enzymes and elaborate on their emerging in vivo substrates.
A Post-Reformational Contradiction? The Survival of the Chapter of St. Pharahild in Ghent at the Turn of the Sixteenth Century
Authors: Somers Annelies
Published: May 2014

This contribution’s aim is to give insight in the survival attempts of a secular chapter, confronted with material difficulties in the aftermath of reformational turmoil. Two elements seem to have been indispensable in this process: the use of a targeted counter-reformational discourse and the benefit of patronage by a secular authority. Through a comparison with similar institutions, an image is drawn up of the changes and challenges secular chapters had to deal with at the turn of the sixteenth century, as well as their intention and ability to adapt to new circumstances.
Ars moriendi more regio: Royal Death in Sixteenth Century Denmark
Authors: Bøggild Johannsen Birgitte
Published: May 2014

The article focuses upon the liturgical, monumental and literary staging of royal funerals in Denmark during the period 1526–1588. The seven cases analysed, reflecting both a transitional phase and the age of consolidation before and after the official institutionalization of the Lutheran Reformation in 1536, are read as equally exceptional and exemplary in a Protestant context. Attention in particular is given to various discourses on the value of traditions, on the display of magnificence versus the ideal of simplicity and on the Lutheran ideal of dissociation between the community of the dead and the living. In these issues, the royal funerals in several respects demonstrate the major power of continuity, especially during moments of crisis to the society deliberately stabilizing the changed status quo through the incessantly significant reference to the legitimizing past.
On narrow focus in situ and ex situ in German and English
Authors: Breul Carsten
Published: May 2014

This paper argues, against the position recently advocated by Fanselow & Lenertová (2011), that German has a
functional phrase (FocP) in the clausal left periphery whose specifier position is dedicated to hosting a focus expression.
It provides novel evidence that two sentences that are minimally different in that one has an in situ focus
expression while the other has an ex situ (preposed) focus expression are different in semantically relevant
ways in pre-spell-out syntax. An ex situ (identificational) focus expression E′ is
semantically different from an otherwise identical in situ (informational) focus expression E in
that the former employs the most complex and the latter the simplest semantic type that is available for E/E′ and
licenses semantic composition by functional application. While such a difference in employment of semantic types for
expressions does not result in a difference in truth conditions in most cases, it does have truth-conditional effects in some
cases and focus-structural effects that prevent optionality between focus in situ and ex situ
even without truth-conditional effects in still other cases. The paper discusses problems of applying the argumentation
concerning German to English, but suggests that it holds for English as well.
Article use in L2 English by L1 Russian and L1 German speakers
Authors: Schönenberger Manuela
Published: May 2014

Article misuse and omission are common errors in article use in L2 English. A particularly influential theory
concerned with article misuse is that of Ionin (2003a, 2003b), whose basic assumption is that, in L2 acquisition,
adult learners still have access to Universal Grammar. Central to her theory is the concept of the Article-Choice
Parameter, which is set to either definiteness or specificity in article-based languages. According to Ionin’s Fluctuation
Hypothesis, speakers of a language without articles fluctuate between the two settings of this parameter and produce
systematic errors in article choice. Speakers of an L1 with articles have been shown to transfer the parameter value
from their L1 to L2 English. This paper tests the predictions made by Ionin’s account, based on data from an empirical
study with a group of German speakers and two groups of Russian speakers. One of the Russian groups had studied
English for a longer period of time, and at university level, and also had knowledge of another L2 with articles besides
English. The results from this study do not provide clear support for Ionin’s account. The German group rarely misused
articles, as predicted, but only one of the Russian groups showed fluctuation. The Russian group with fewer years of
English study and generally no knowledge of another L2 with articles showed variable patterns of article misuse and
also often omitted articles. An explanation of why the two Russian groups differed is proposed.
Healthcare Information Technology Infrastructures in Turkey
Authors: Yuksel M. , Ertürkmen G. L. , Kabak Y. , Namli T. , Yıldız M. H. , Ay Y. , Ceyhan B. , Hülür Ü. , Öztürk H. , Atbakan E. , Dogac A.
Published: May 2014

Objectives: The objective of this paper is to describe some of the major healthcare information technology (IT) infrastructures in Turkey, namely, Sağlık-Net (Turkish for “Health-Net”), the Centralized Hospital Appointment System, the Basic Health Statistics Module, the Core Resources Management System, and the e-prescription system of the Social Security Institution. International collaboration projects that are integrated with Sağlık-Net are also briefly summarized.

Methods: The authors provide a survey of the some of the major healthcare IT infrastructures in Turkey.

Results: Sağlık-Net has two main components: the National Health Information System (NHIS) and the Family Medicine Information System (FMIS). The NHIS is a nation-wide infrastructure for sharing patients’ Electronic Health Records (EHRs). So far, EHRs of 78.9 million people have been created in the NHIS. Similarly, family medicine is operational in the whole country via FMIS. Centralized Hospital Appointment System enables the citizens to easily make appointments in healthcare providers. Basic Health Statistics Module is used for collecting information about the health status, risks and indicators across the country. Core Resources Management System speeds up the flow of information between the headquarters and Provincial Health Directorates. The e-prescription system is linked with Sağlık-Net and seamlessly integrated with the healthcare provider information systems. Finally, Turkey is involved in several international projects for experience sharing and disseminating national developments.

Conclusion: With the introduction of the “Health Transformation Program” in 2003, a number of successful healthcare IT infrastructures have been developed in Turkey. Currently, work is going on to enhance and further improve their functionality.
On Determining Factors for Good Research in Biomedical and Health Informatics
Authors: Haux R.
Published: May 2014

Objective: What are the determining factors for good research in medical informatics or, from a broader perspective, in biomedical and health informatics?

Method: From the many lessons learned during my professional career, I tried to identify a fair sampling of such factors. On the occasion of giving the IMIA Award of Excellence lecture during MedInfo 2013, they were presented for discussion.

Results: Sixteen determining factors (df) have been identified: early identification and promotion (df1), appropriate education (df2), stimulating persons and environments (df3), sufficient time and backtracking opportunities (df4), breadth of medical informatics competencies (df5), considering the necessary preconditions for good medical informatics research (df6), easy access to high-quality knowledge (df7), sufficient scientific career opportunities (df8), appropriate conditions for sustainable research (df9), ability to communicate and to solve problems (df10), as well as to convey research results (df11) in a highly inter- and multidisciplinary environment, ability to think for all and, when needed, taking the lead (df12), always staying unbiased (df13), always keeping doubt (df14), but also always trying to provide solutions (df15), and, finally, being aware that life is more (df16).

Conclusions: Medical Informatics is an inter- and multidisciplinary discipline “avant la lettre”. Compared to monodisciplinary research, inter- and multidisciplinary research does not only provide significant opportunities for solving major problems in science and in society. It also faces considerable additional challenges for medical informatics as a scientific field. The determining factors, presented here, are in my opinion crucial for conducting successful research and for developing a research career. Since medical informatics as a field has today become an important driving force for research progress, especially in biomedicine and health care, but also in fields like computer science, it may be helpful to consider such factors in relation with research and education in our discipline.
Commentaries on the IMIA Award of Excellence Lecture by Reinhold Haux
Authors: Hasman A. , Hersh W. , Lorenzi N. M. , Shortliffe E. H. , van Bemmel J. H.
Published: May 2014

The IMIA Yearbook editorial team asked five internationally renowned biomedical informaticians to respond to Prof. Haux’s editorial. This paper summarizes their thoughts and responses. Contributions are ordered alphabetically by the contributor’s last name. All authors provided an equal contribution to this manuscript.
The Palestinian economy under occupation: Econocide
Authors: Kubursi Atif , Naqib Fadle
Published: May 2014

The article presents an analysis of the nature, structure, and dynamics of the relation between the Israeli and Palestinian economies as they have evolved during the occupation period and the few short years of limited Palestinian self-rule. It reveals the various asymmetries and anomalies in the relation, the way they have affected the course of the Palestinian economy, the costs that have been incurred by Palestinians, and the benefits that have accrued to Israelis from their continuation. It is argued that the removal of these anomalies and asymmetries are a prerequisite for any serious and genuine peace that would permit the economic infrastructure to promote and support a stable and durable peace. Divided into four sections, the article provides the theoretical framework within which the relationship between the two economies is analyzed; documents and examines specific practices and policies of successive Israeli governments with regard to the Palestinian economy; summarizes the cumulative effects of these specific restrictive practices; and closes with the presentation of some conclusions.
The continued de-development of the Palestinian economy in the post-Oslo period
Authors: Hamed Osama
Published: May 2014

The de-development of the Palestinian economy began in 1967, following Israel's occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip (WBGS). Following the Oslo Accords of 1993, this de-development has continued. The WBGS remained dependent on the Israeli labor market for jobs until 2000, when Israel curtailed the flow of Palestinian labor to Israel following the 2000 intifada. This curtailment has resulted in sharp increases in unemployment and poverty rates in the WBGS. Closures and other actions taken by the Israeli government since 2000 have led to further de-development of the Palestinian economy. Although the WBGS has received substantial foreign aid in the post-Oslo period, the positive economic impact of such aid has been more than offset by the punitive measures taken by Israel in this period. It is highly unlikely that the Israeli government will allow the number of WBGS workers in Israel to return to its pre-2000 level. Hence, the revitalization of the Palestinian economy will require huge private investment. Such investment cannot be expected without a permanent settlement of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict that includes a Palestinian state with control over its borders and a strong link with diaspora Palestinians.
Post-Oslo Palestinian (un)employment: A gender, class, and age-cohort analysis
Authors: Olmsted Jennifer C.
Published: May 2014

A strong Palestinian economy in the aftermath of the 1993 Oslo agreement has not materialized. This has had serious implications for employment outcomes in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. A number of authors have analyzed Palestinian labor markets during this period, but have focused almost exclusively on men's employment. This article examines changes in both women's and men's employment patterns in the post-Oslo period. It finds considerable shifts in the types of work that are available, with more educated, older men in particular gaining at the expense of youth, women, and less educated men. This, it is argued, is a function of Israeli, Palestinian, and U.S. policies. Economic ties between Israel and the Palestinian territories have been severed, to the detriment of less educated Palestinian men and women in search of employment. U.S. policies no doubt exacerbated this result, granting Jordan more favored trade status as part of the peace plan, thus contributing to the decline in the Palestinian textiles and apparel industries. The creation of a Palestinian public sector has led to some job creation, but primarily for more educated individuals, not those who were most likely to have lost their jobs in recent years.
Saving lives in armed conflicts: What factors matter?
Authors: Yakolev Pavel A.
Published: May 2014

Despite the trend toward fewer armed conflicts and war deaths, dramatic variations in conflict casualties exist across countries. This article examines what factors affect casualties in civil as well as interstate wars and finds that conflict casualties are directly influenced by geography and military expenditure per soldier. The latter proxies for military capital intensity and is of concern to policymakers because it affects the level of conflict casualties. Specifically, the article finds that military expenditure per soldier lowers conflict casualties and is significantly influenced by conscription, education, per capita GDP, geography, and political and economic freedoms.
Six decades of the Israeli-Arab conflict: An assessment of the economic aspects
Authors: Abu-Qarn Aamer S.
Published: May 2014

The article critically evaluates the literature that deals with the economic aspects of the Israeli-Arab conflict. The survey covers: (1) Data issues and lack of trustworthy time series; (2) the existence and causal direction of an arms race between Israel and its Arab neighbors; (3) the defense-growth nexus and possible spillovers from the defense industry to civilian sectors; (4) the effects of foreign aid; and (5) the dividends of a possible peace agreement. The survey concludes with recommendations for future research.
Being the Shī’te among the Sunni Majority in Indonesia: A Preliminary Study of Ustadz Husein Al-Habsyi (1921-1994)
Authors: Zulkifli Zulkifli
Published: May 2014

One of the important research topics related to the Arab communities in Indonesia, and in Southeast Asia in general, that is likely to be neglected is their adherence to the Shi'ah, a minority school of Islam that differs from the Sunni majority in terms of several principal doctrines. As far as Islamic studies and social scientists studying Islam are concerned, the Shi'ah outside Iran seems to be a neglected research topic. Studies of Islam in Indonesia, like those in the Middle East, are mainly studies of the Sunni school. Therefore, aspects of the social, political, economic, and religious life of the Shi'ites in Indonesia remain unknown to scholars of Indonesian Islam as well as to Indonesianists.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v11i2.603
Jaringan Ulama: Pembaharuan dan Rekonsiliasi dalam Tradisi Intelektual Islam di Dunia Melayu-Indonesia
Authors: Fathurahman Oman
Published: May 2014

Book Review: Azyumardi Azra, The Origins of Islamic Reformism in Southeast Asia: Networks of Malay-Indonesian and Middle Eastern 'Ulama' in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, Australia: Allen & Unwin, 2004, ix + 254 pagesThis book attentpts to enrich and -in a number of important ways- also to revise this nomenclature of "Islamic reformism". Taking modernism as its starting point, this book explains Islamic reformism by tracing the historical path of the important concept of shari'ah in the religious thoughts and practices of Muslim's, and how it became the dominant discourse. This concept was voiced by prominent Indonesian 'ulama' in the 17th and l818 centuries. More importantly, this concept emerged parallel to their intellectual contact with the Haramayn 'ulama'(in Mecca and Medina), which gave rise to the process of Islamic transmission through a complex network of student-teacher relationships. This process, known as the 'ulama' network, is the focus of discussion in this book.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v11i2.606
Modernisme dan Radikalisme Islam di Indonesia: Menafsirkan Warisan Muhammad 'Abduh dan Rashīd Riḍā
Authors: Jahroni Jajang
Published: May 2014

Book Review: Giora Eliraz, Islam in Indinesia, Modernism, Radicalism, and the Middle East Dimension, Great Britain: Sussex Academic Press, 2004, xi + 142 pagesOne of theses of this book is that whatever is the movement that emerges in Indeonesian Muslim community, either rationalist or fundamentalist one, it cannot be separated from the one existin the Middle East. The book begins with discussion on modern Islam in Indonesia. it presents discussion several new movements, the concept of the movement; such as the importance of ijtihad, the necessary to left taqlid concept, and various other issues.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v11i3.599
Anti-Americanism in Contemporary Indonesia
Authors: Mujani Saiful
Published: May 2014

This paper attempts to explore these two basic arguments. To that end we need first to discuss what is meant by "anti-Americanism," then what is meant by "unjust American foreign policies," and thirdly what is meant by "civilization" in the context of Indonesian Muslim society. "Anti-Americanism" in the international context is an individual or group attitude or action that reflects a feeling of dislike, hatred or intolerance toward America as a nation, or America as defined by the attitudes or behavior of the American government toward other countries. It is not easy to decide how to measure these anti-American attitudes or actions.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v12i2.588
Ḍahīrah Ḥarakah Taṭbīq al-Sharī’ah al-Islāmīyah bi Cianjur: Dirāsah Tamhīdīyah
Authors: Tasman Tasman
Published: May 2014

This piece focuses its attention on the process of 'the implementation of Islamic law in Cianjur' in West Java, in the local social-political context. The background to the ideology and concept of the implementation of Islamic law in Cianjur is a response to social and political developments both locally and nationally. Cianjur is a region which encourages and supports Gerakan Pembangunan Masyarakat Beraklakul Karimah (The Movement for the Development of a Society with Good Character) - often referred to as Gerbang Marhamah.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v12i2.591
Kerajaan-Oriented Islam: The Experience of Pre-Colonial Indonesia
Authors: Burhanudin Jajat
Published: May 2014

These two texts, al-Mawahib and Taj us-Salatin, further had similarities in terms of both language and their substances. In this paper, al-Mawahib will be discussed in its relation to Taj us-Salatin. But before we come to the discussion, the author will pay attention to several texts which preceded al-Mawahib in creating the initial discourse on Islamic politics. As the author will show below, both al-Mawahib and Taj us-Salatin contributed to shaping Islamic political ideas in the land below the wind, that is, what are now referred to as Indonesia and Malaysia.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v13i1.575
New Leadership at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
Authors: Thaha Idris
Published: May 2014

In mid-October this year (17 October 2006), the University Senate at the Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University (UIN) Jakarta was convened with the task of electing a new rector for the University. The meeting, presided over by the outgoing rector Dr. Azyumardi Azra, was attended by eighty members of the University Senate. This number comprised of lecturers, assistant lecturers, and department head. Those in attendance included Dr. A. Malik Fajar (former Minister for Education), Dr. Din Syamsuddin (Head of Muhammadiyah), Professor M. Atho Mudzhar (Head of the Research and Development at the Department of Religion), Dr. Husni Rahim (Secretary of the National Higher Education Accreditation Board), and one of the leaders of MUI, Dr. Huzaemah Tahido. Amongst the more prominent of those absent - due to work commitments - were Dr. Quraish Shihab, Dr. Nasaruddin Umar, Dr. Said AqiI Husain al-Munawar, and Dr. Yunasril Ali.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v13i3.565
Muslim Responses to the Communist Revival in Indonesian Politics
Authors: Suhelmi Ahmad
Published: May 2014

The sudden reappearance of Marxist-Communist literature following the downfall of Soeharto's New Order regime was a concerning development for many Muslim groups in Indonesian, especially those in the so-called Aliansi Anti-Komunis (the Anti-communist Alliance, or AAK). Members of the Alliance reacted by burning Leftist books on April 19, 2001 and demanded that all Marxist-Communist literature found in book shops throughout the country be removed over the following days. Some social groups within Indonesia reacted positively to the book burning arguing that it was in accordance with the constitution, while opponents viewed it as anarchic and extreme. This article discusses the AAK's reaction to the purported Communist threat with particular reference to the burning of the leftist literature.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i2.547
Dīmukrātīyah fī al-Sirā’i al-Fikrī al-Islāmī fī Indūnīsīyā
Authors: Kamil Syukron
Published: May 2014

In 1998 Indonesia entered what has become known as the Reformation era, a period defined by the relative dominance of democratic ideas and practices, both in the socio-political sense and the religious sense. This piece of writing retraces the ideological struggle of prominent Indonesian Muslim figures to bring democracy to lndonesia, a struggle which began in the 1980s. In this way, this article endeavors to respond to the critics and doubters - like Larry Diamond and Juan Linz - who believe that the ideals of democracy conflict with those of Islam and thus argue that the two cannot co-existDOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i3.549
Al-Islām wa al-Thaqāfah al-Mahlīyah: Dirāsah fī Mujtama’ “Embau” fī Kapuas Hulu Kālimantān al-Gharbīyah
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah
Published: May 2014

The research for this piece was carried out in Embau - one of the sub districts of the region of Kapuas Hulu. Socio - demo graphically, this region is inhabited by n community of Muslims that that continues to grow in numbers. Further to the Muslims, the area is inhabited by considerable numbers of non-Muslim Dayaks and other migrants to the area. What is interesting to note is the process of Islamization of the Dayak community, which has occurred naturally as a result of its intersection with the Muslim community. It was the Malays, who appeared in the area hundreds of years ago, who brought Islam to the area. The introduction of Islam to the area has brought with it a number of changes to the Dayak community in West Kalimantan. Not only did many Dayaks adopt Islam as their religion, they further adopted the culture typical of other Muslims.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v15i1.539
Harmonizing Modernity with Tradition: Report on Indonesian Delegation of Teachers and Pesantren Heads to Japan 2007
Authors: Subhan Arief
Published: May 2014

The 2007 visit was themed "Development Harmonized with Traditional Culture". As well as visiting a number of education institutions, which was the focus of the trip, the group also took a look at various types of Japanese industry, including the automotive industry that has become the icon of modern Japan. On the final day of the visit, the participants were asked to write about their impressions of Japan, with emphasis on the aspect of the tour which they found to be most interesting. This article, which is based on feedback from the participants, has not been written only in order to describe the perceptions of the participants towards places visited throughout the tour, but to further discuss how the participants gave meaning to what they experienced throughout the trip.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v15i1.541
Pattumateang among Peoples of Cikoang, South Sulawesi: A Local Practice of Mortuary Ritual in the Islamic Community
Authors: Sila Muhammad Adlin
Published: May 2014

Pattumateang, conducted after the burial service, is conceived as a means through which the living can transfer blessings to the dead. This practice has been the cause for an everlasting debate among Muslims in Cikoang. Some object to the concept of being able to help the dead and call on followers to accept proper Islamic teachings and practices. This article is an illustration of how the Pattumateang ritual, and others like it, can lead to the creation of two opposing groups of Muslims, those for and against such a ritual.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v15i2.532
The Influences of The Meccan Education on the Pesantren Tradition with Special Reference to Shaykh 'Abd al-Ḥamīd Kudus
Authors: Sunarwoto Sunarwoto
Published: May 2014

This article looks at the influence of Meccan education on the pesantren tradition. The author will deal with the rise of Javanese religious scholars in Mecca seen from two interrelated perspectives: textual and intellectual networks. The author will attempt to discuss these indications and link them to the pesantren environment. The author will also shed light on some discourses related to Islamic reforms stimulated by the Javanese ulama (religious scholars) in Mecca and how they influenced the construction of pesantren ideology. The author will end this article with a case study of Shaykh 'Abd al-Hamid Kudus. This study is meant to portray the intellectual career of a Javanese teacher at the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v15i3.526
Gender, Tabligh, and the "Docile Agent": The Politics of Faith and Embodiment among the Tablīghī Jamā’ah
Authors: Horstmann Alexander
Published: May 2014

In this article, I hope to explore some aspects of the complexity of the subject. Engagement in the Tablighi movement is neither a mere act of emancipation nor the complete subordination of women's agency to the rule of men.1 I suggest that the answer to the attraction of the movement to women lies between these two lines. I propose that the women who choose to ally themselves with the movement are prepared to submit themselves to the rules of the gender ideology in return for the extended agency that women receive as active members of the movement's ideology and activities.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v16i1.491
Islamist Civil Society Activism Malaysia Abdullah: Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia (ABIM) Darul Arqam
Authors: Hamid Ahmad Fauzi Abdul
Published: May 2014

Without discounting the relevance of such a framework, this article seeks to look at the phenomenon of Islamism in Malaysia from the angle of Islamist civil society movements that are not directly involved in the domain of electoral politics, but that have nonetheless significantly in fenced political behavior of especially the majority Malay-Muslim population of Malaysia. The provisional impact of these new groupings form the main thread in our discussion, which narrows down to an investigation into the metamorphoses that have a?ected and transpired in two of the most influential civil society movements in contemporary Islamism in Malaysia, viz. ABIM and Darul Arqam.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v16i3.475
Thesaurus of Indonesian Islamic Manuscripts (T2IM): An Effort to Develop a Comprehensive Database for Academic Purpose
Authors: Fathurahman Oman
Published: May 2014

As stated above, one of T2IM's main objectives is to provide information and data as complete as possible concerning Indonesian religious manuscripts. In order to achieve this target, T2IM needs to be systematically improved. Until now, Indonesian manuscripts are largely kept in private and public institutions including libraries, museums, and foundations, both in Indonesia and abroad. Some manuscripts collections have been catalogued, however, most of them have not. Initially, T2IM will draw upon printed catalogues as well as other lists of manuscripts and on other documentation. All publications containing lists of Indonesian religious manuscripts, whether they provide complete information or only titles, will be included in T2IM's database.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v16i3.479
Al-Jawānib al-Nafsī al-Ijtimā’īyah fī al-Aslimahbi Janūb Sharq Āsiyā fī al-Qarn 15-17
Authors: Hasbullah Moeflich
Published: May 2014

This article specifically focuses on Southeast Asia's Islamization as a psycho-social Process this work specifies psycho-social factors as determinant factors in explaining the success of Islamic missionary. Psycho-social factor is defined as the way in which the indigenous people psychologically comprehend their situation and understand their environment. This psychological phenomena then motivated people to convert to Islam. Within this framework, what the indigenous people think of themselves (view from within), not outsiders' perceptions, nor the notes from rulers or dominant groups, are the foundation to reconstruct history. In this model, the traders had the most important role in Islamization. Economic motive was most likely the strongest reason for people to convert to Islam.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v17i2.463
Redefining The Roles of Islamic Organizations in the Reformasi Era
Authors: Burhanudin Jajat
Published: May 2014

Center for the Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) of State University Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, in cooperation with Center for the Study of Society and Culture (PMB) of Indonesian’s Science Foundation (LIPI), and Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA) of Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (TUFS), held a conference on “Redefining the Roles of Islamic Organizations in the Reformasi Era. ”The conference was divided into two sessions. In the first session we have Prof. Dr. Bahtiar Effendy, Dr. Hendro Prasetyo, and Drs. Anas Ahmadi, MA. In the second session we have Dr. Endang Turmudi from Nahdhatul Ulama (NU) and Dr. Abdul Mu’ti from Muhammadiyah.The seminar was designed to evaluate and discuss the roles of socio-religious organizations in Indonesia. The current understanding on the roles of socio religious organizations was being challenged and questioned. The seminar discussed the relationship between the state and the roles of these religious organizations during the Reformasi Era. These were among the important issues because transformation of ideas and movements have occurred within Islamic organizations in Indonesia.Since the beginning of the twentieth century, socio-religious organizations have played important roles in Indonesia’s nation building. Muhammadiyah, NU, and Persis are among the organizations which have contributed significantly to the development of Islam in Indonesia. They have been the driving forces for community development such as in education, socio-political, economy, and health. Most of the madrasah and pesantren across Indonesia were founded by these organizations.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v17i2.466
Qiyādat al-Mar’ah fī al-Ma’had al-‘Ālī al-Ḥukūmī al-Rānīrī Banda Aceh: Al-Farṣu wa al-Taḥaddīyat
Authors: Inayatillah Inayatillah
Published: May 2014

This article is based on a research on women leadership's opportunity at IAIN Ar- Raniry, Banda Aceh and women's challenges to achieve leadership level at the Islamic educational institutions. Based on the observation, it is found that there are no formal regulations or policies that have prevented women to occupy structural and nonstructural positions. Despite that fact, no women have occupied strategic structural position or having leadership roles such as becoming the Rector or the Dean at the IAIN Ar-Raniry.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v17i3.457
Islam, Historical Representation and Muslim Autobiography in the Indonesian New Order
Authors: Nasir Mohamad Abdun
Published: May 2014

Artikel ini menjelaskan representasi Islam dalam buku sejarah resmi Indonesia yang disusun oleh Pemerintah Orde Baru (1967-1998). Buku tersebut berjudul Sejarah Nasional Indonesia (SNI), terdiri dari enam jilid dan terbit pada tahun 1977. Edisi revisi volume enam dan tambahan volume volume tujuh muncul pada tahun 1993. Keseluruhan volume mencakup periode awal sejarah pra-Indonesia sampai perkembangan terbaru negara di mana volume terakhir selesai ditulis.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v18i1.441
Al-Ṭarīqah al-Naqshabandīyah fī Minangkabau: Tarjamat Kitāb al-Sa‘ādah al-Abadīyah li Shaykh ‘Abd al-Qadīm
Authors: Hasyim Arrazy
Published: May 2014

This article is a study about a Malay version of the 'Abd al-Majid al-Khani al-Khalidi's al-Sa'adah al-Abadiyah, written by Syekh Mudo Tuanku 'Abd al-Qadim of Belubus, Payakumbuh, West Sumatera. The manuscript which is used as the source of this study is a copy written by 'Abd al-Jumin of Suayan from Lima Puluh Kota, West Sumatra. This article uses philological approach in addition to Sufism approach on the substance of the kitab. These approaches are used to explore the ideas of Sufism of 'Abd al-Qadim who was known as a Naqshabandiyah sufi of Minangkabau. Thus, this study focuses on the biographical portrait, activities, and works of 'Abd al-Qadim.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v18i1.442
Symbolic and Ideological Contestation over Humanitarian Emblems: The Red Crescent in Islamizing Indonesia
Authors: Latief Hilman
Published: May 2014

Artikel ini membahas pertarungan simbolik, religius, dan ideologis dalam organisasi kemanusiaan di Indonesia atas masalah lambang kemanusiaan. Ini menunjukkan bagaimana organisasi kemanusiaan Islam semakin membentuk pola baru dalam politik kemanusiaan di Indonesia. Sementara pemberian bantuan tetap menjadi perhatian menyeluruh dari banyak asosiasi kemanusiaan itu, masalah identitas diri, baik agama atau politik, yang sebagian disematkan pada simbol, tetap tertanam dalam misi mereka dan dengan demikian, dalam ruang publik, simbol-simbol kemanusiaan menjadi diperebutkan.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v18i2.434
Education, Young Islamists and Integrated Islamic Schools in Indonesia
Authors: Hasan Noorhaidi
Published: May 2014

Artikel ini memperlihatkan bahwa ekspansi sekolah Islam terpadu menandai tumbuhnya kelas menengah Muslim baru yang berhasrat mengekspresikan identitas keagamaan sambil memperlihatkan status, kelas, dan selera sosial mereka sebagai Muslim yang modern dan bersentuhan erat dengan globalisasi. Dengan biaya yang mahal dan berbagai fasilitas yang ditawarkan, sekolah-sekolah Islam terpadu memberikan kebanggaan sosial kepada para orang tua dan sekaligus rasa identitas sebagai Muslim yang berkomitmen. Hal-hal yang bersifat praktis, seperti waktu bersekolah yang lebih lama (full-day system) yang memungkinkan orangtua untuk menitipkan putra-putri mereka di sekolah sehabis jam sekolah biasa juga menjadi alasan penting di balik keputusan banyak anggota kelas menengah di perkotaan melirik sekolah Islam terpadu. Di tengah meluasnya ekses-ekses kenakalan remaja dan pergaulan bebas, upaya memastikan putra-putri mereka berada pada tempat yang aman menjadi sangat penting bagi orang tua yang sibuk bekerja dan beraktivitas.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v19i1.370
Tun Sri Lanang fī Masār al-Tārīkh wa ‘Alāqatuhu bi Intishār al-Islām fī Aceh
Authors: Madjid M. Dien
Published: May 2014

This article discusses the role of Tun Sri Lanang in designing the socio-political and religious life and in introducing both the structural and cultural changes in the Aceh Darussalam Kingdom. This article focuses on the period of Sultan Iskandar Muda until Ratu Safiatuddin. In addition to his popularity as adviser of Sultan Iskandar Muda, Tun Sri Lanang was also well-known as a pioneer in spreading Islam in east Aceh especially in Samalanga. Although he had no strong knowledge on Islam, Tun Sri Lanang had a strong interest in the existence of Islam in Aceh. The fact that Aceh in his time was noted as a centre of Islamic civilization in Southeast Asia could not be separated from the role of hulubalang and other kingdom officials who had strong interests in disseminating Islam and developing knowledge.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v19i1.371
‘Ties that would Divide’: Explaining the NU’s Exit from Masyumi in 1952
Authors: Munhanif Ali
Published: May 2014

This article explains the political and historical roots of the making of Muslim political identities in Indonesia. It seeks to answer the question:  why Muslim communities in Indonesia are inclined to grouping in such social differences between traditionalist (NU) and modernist (Muhammadiyah) organizations. These two organizations emerged as a model of social division based on religio-cultural groupings of Indonesian Muslims that emerged during the process of national identity construction in the late colonial period. Concerned with the historical development of Islamic organizations in the post-independent Indonesia, this article specifically examines the role of Masyumi in creating both unity and conflict in Muslim society, which occurred in the 1950s. However, this article’s principal explanation for the emergence of Muslim cleavages is the subsequent moment of elite conflict in response to the most important political development in Indonesia: the first national elections in 1955.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v19i2.363
The End of Innocence?
Authors: Meij Dick van der
Published: May 2014

This article is the review of Andrée Feillard and Rémy Madinier, The End of Innocence? Indonesian Islam and the Temptations of Radicalism. Singapore: NUS Press and IRASEC 2011, ISBN 978-9971-69-512-5The book discussed here is a successful attempt and provides a much more convincing multi-level description and understanding of the topic than has been the case so far. It looks at the combined political, cultural, historical and theological factors at play and explains that the heart of the matter is not Islam or Islamic religiosity per se but rather political structures and societal innovations within a framework of uncertain legal and global circumstances. The acute awareness of all players of the pivotal role of Islam in power games is acutely laid bare and the often unbelievable opportunist stance of all players dissected in gruesome detail. More research is however needed to provide more insight into the financial and organizational levels of the issue in the near future.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v19i2.366
[Kitab Rahasia Hari dan Bintang]: ‘Ilm al-Nujūm ‘inda al-Muslimīn min Qabīlah Sasak
Authors: Suprapto Suprapto
Published: May 2014

The manuscript that became the study of this article is the text Kitab Rahasia Hari dan Bintang (The Book on the Mysteries of Days and Stars) which originated from the island of Lombok, in the province of Nusa Tenggara Barat. A part of the Sasak community still uses the contents of the text in their daily lives. Among the important uses of this text is for starting important activities such as building a house, determining the day of a wedding, sailing, trading and also in starting the planting season. The Sasak community uses the calculation of the days in the manuscript that, in local terminology, is often called diwase. Aside from that, the presence of this manuscript, written in the Arabic alphabet pegon, also explains many important things about the transmission of Islamic knowledge from its centre in the Middle East to the archipelago. The transmission process for Islamic knowledge in the archipelago did not only happen in the three main fields of fiqh, kalām, and taṣawwuf, but also in the field of Islamic astrological knowledge which acculturated with local culture.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v19i3.358
Kitab Berladang: A Portrait of Hybrid Islam in West Kalimantan
Authors: Amin Faizal
Published: May 2014

Kitab Berladang is a manuscript from Putussibau, located in the interior of West Kalimantan. The text describes the ritual practices of the Muslim–Dayak community in rice cultivation activities. The dynamic mixing of elements from traditional culture of the Kapuas Hulu people and the teachings of Islam has resulted in a hybrid form of local Islam. Kitab Berladang, which provides a portrait of the diversity of the Muslim–Dayak community in West Kalimantan, outlines a hybrid character of Islam that can be seen in three domains. Firstly, in how the structure of the ritual of swidden cultivation retains the traditional procedures and also utilizes verses from the Holy Qur’an and Hadith. Secondly, in the incorporation of vocabulary and terminology from the local language with Arabic. Thirdly, in the reinterpretation of the symbols that were originally derived from legends and myths about rice in the community’s system of traditional beliefs, along with Islamic concepts derived from the tradition of theological and mystical thought.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v20i1.349
Al-Ḥaqīqah al-Muwāfaqah li al-Sharī‘ah: al-Taṣāluḥ bayn al-Taṣawuf wa al-Sharī‘ah bi Nusantara fi al-Qarn al-Sādis ‘Ashr al-Mīlādī
Authors: Suryaningsih Iin
Published: May 2014

This article discusses the reinterpretation of waḥdat al-wujūd doctrine among Muslims of the archipelago, using the sharī‘ah approach in Sufism as suggested by Al-Būrhanpūrī (d.1620) in his work al-Haqīqah al-Muwāfaqah li al-Sharī‘ah. This work is one of the commentaries (sharḥ) from al-Tuḥfah al-Mursalah ila rūḥ al-Nabī SAW, that invited much debate among Muslims of the archipelago. Al-Būrhanpūrī’s detailed interpretation of waḥdat al-wujūd doctrine proved that the essence of the concept did not contradict the basic principles of Islam as contained in the Quran and Hadith. Al-Būrhanpūrī  interpreted the concept through explanations that adjusted to the audience’s competence, utilizing oral language carefully in revealing spiritual experience not easily explained, as well as employing the bases of sharī‘ah. Al-Haqīqah al-Muwāfaqah has provided the information about the explanations of interpretation tradition among the archipelago sufis.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v20i1.350
Islamisasi Jawa
Authors: Azra Azyumardi
Published: May 2014

Bookreview: M.C. Ricklefs, Islamisation and Its Opponents in Java: A Political, Social, and Religious History, c. 1930 to the Present (Singapore: NUS Press, 2012, xxi+575 halaman)This work of Ricklefs is the last in a trilogy and follows Mystic Synthesis in Java: A History of Islamisation from the Fourteenth to the Early Nineteenth Centuries (2006), and Polarising Javanese Society: Islamic and Other Visions c. 1830–1930 (2007). The three works comprehensively discuss the Islamization of Java since the 14th century. Observing the process and dynamics of Islamization in Javanese society during the centuries up until the contemporary era, Ricklefs concludes that Javanese Muslims have surpassed the difficult times of the early spread of Islam, the era of Dutch and Japanese colonialism, the messy government of Soekarno, the totalitarian government of Soeharto, and contemporary democratic period. Undergoing various changes, Javanese Muslims have become an outstanding example of increased Islamic religiosity. The three works dispute the assumption of many scholars that a large part of Javanese–Muslim society is abangan, or nominal, Muslim.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v20i1.352