bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning from Health Information Exchange Technical Architecture and Implementation
in Seven Beacon Communities
Authors: McCarthy Douglas B. , Propp Karen , Cohen Alexander , Sabharwal Raj , Schachter Abigail A. , Rein Alison L.
Published: May 2014

As health care providers adopt and make “meaningful use” of health information
technology (health IT), communities and delivery systems must set up the infrastructure
to facilitate health information exchange (HIE) between providers and numerous other
stakeholders who have a role in supporting health and care. By facilitating better
communication and coordination between providers, HIE has the potential to improve
clinical decision-making and continuity of care, while reducing unnecessary use of
services. When implemented as part of a broader strategy for health care delivery system
and payment reform, HIE capability also can enable the use of analytic tools needed for
population health management, patient engagement in care, and continuous learning and
improvement. The diverse experiences of seven communities that participated in the
three-year federal Beacon Community Program offer practical insight into factors
influencing the technical architecture of exchange infrastructure and its role in
supporting improved care, reduced cost, and a healthier population. The case studies
also document challenges faced by the communities, such as significant time and
resources required to harmonize variations in the interpretation of data standards.
Findings indicate that their progress developing community-based HIE strategies, while
driven by local needs and objectives, is also influenced by broader legal, policy, and
market conditions.
Mark Twain’s satanic existentialist: The Mysterious Stranger
Authors: Kravitz Bennett
Published: May 2014

This article attempts to situate Mark Twain’s The Mysterious Stranger in the context of American optimism at the onset of the twentieth century. While often considered one of the most pessimistic of Twain’s novels, The Mysterious Stranger is portrayed as Twain’s engagement with the philosophy of existentialism. Specifically, the article examines the ways that the text engages the existential premises of Jean Paul Sartre. Rather than abandoning his American optimism, Twain essentially destroys the visible world of endless warfare and religious obstruction to allow Americans to reclaim their Emersonian optimism by suggesting that we all ‘Dream other dreams and better.’ This article argues that the margins of the text suggest an existential attempt to come to terms with the disappointments of the Gilded Age and the inconsistencies of early twentieth-century America and its capitalistic society.
The hospitalities of cities: Between the agora and the fortress
Authors: Broek Chávez Frans van den , van der Rest Jean-Pierre
Published: May 2014

This article calls attention to the inherent complexities of analysing and understanding the hospitalities of cities. Drawing on an urban sociological view of the city it proposes a metaphor – the agora and the fortress – as two extreme opposites, to identify levels, places and forms it can comprise. Utilizing the ‘dynamic model of hospitality’ as an analytical framework, it explores and exemplifies several host–guest relationships from a city government perspective and their dynamic interactions with higher levels of agency. These interactions are discussed in the context of cosmopolitanism, urbanism and public policy. The article concludes that the hospitalities of cities involve a variety of human phenomena that cannot be defined without ambiguity, but which are essential to our understanding of the flourishing and growth of cities, and their hospitalities. Future research should therefore include many lines of enquiry and research that no one single discipline can pursue.
Reviews
Authors: Young Elizabeth Drummond , Robinson Richard N.S. , Crowther Alicia
Published: May 2014

Hospitality as Holiness: Christian Witness Amid Moral Diversity, Luke Bretherton (2010) Farnham: Ashgate, 226 pp., ISBN: 9781409403494, p/bk, £19.99

The Limits of Hospitality, Jessica Wrobleski (2012) Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 168 pp., ISBN: 9780814657645, p/bk, $19.95

Eating Together: Food, Friendship and Inequality, Alice P. Julier (2013) Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, ix + 237 pp., ISBN: 9780252037634, p/bk, £16.99
Espectros, trauma e historia: La ‘hauntología’ de Guillermo del Toro en El espinazo del diablo
Authors: Rodero Jesús
Published: May 2014

En El espinazo del diablo (2001) el director mexicano Guillermo del Toro ofrece una re-visión/re-escritura en clave sobrenatural de la guerra civil española. Ha habido entre la crítica visiones encontradas sobre la significación de la inserción de lo sobrenatural en el contexto histórico concreto de la guerra civil española. Mientras parte de la crítica hace hincapié en el supuesto carácter finalista y revisionista de este film por su re-interpretación y re-localización de la historia a través de una brillante yuxtaposición de lo irreal y lo real que refuerza la denuncia de los horrores y traumas de la historia (Hardcastle); otra parte resaltan las contradicciones que parecen definir a los personajes para hacer una interpretación ‘hauntológica’ de la película (Brinks, Lázaro-Reboll).

Este trabajo explora la interrelación entre las dos estructuras de El espinazo del diablo, la histórico-referencial y la sobrenatural, para ver hasta qué punto las convenciones del género del horror refuerzan o diluyen la dimensión histórica del film y hasta qué punto el ‘mensaje político’ se puede considerar una recreación catártica de la historia o un cuestionamiento sin resolución final sobre los traumas del pasado. Para ello, nos apoyaremos fundamentalmente en la teoría ‘hauntológica’ de Jacques Derrida y en otros estudios sobre lo fantástico y espectral más recientes (algunos mencionados arriba) que han aplicado las teorías derridianas al cine de la guerra civil.
Questionar a Formação de Professores de Outros Modos: Construindo Problematizações Foucaultianas
Authors: Santos Rodrigo Alves dos
Published: May 2014

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre como as teorizações feitas pelo filósofo francês Michel Foucault podem contribuir para realizar investigações sobre formação de professores. Assim, o argumento central desenvolvido neste artigo é o de que as posições assumidas pelo filósofo francês podem auxiliar na elaboração de novas questões e, portanto, na construção de novas formas de pensar sobre os dilemas que esse objeto de pesquisa tem imposto aos pesquisadores neste século XXI. Nestes termos, conceitos foucaultianos como discurso, regimes de verdade, ordem do discurso, poder, sujeito, técnicas de dominação e técnicas de si, governamentalidade... são usados para mostrar algumas maneiras diferentes de discutir a formação de professores como um objeto de pesquisa.
Perceção dos Professores sobre o Lugar e a Presença da Expressão Plástica na Escola do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
Authors: Lameira Rosa , Cardoso Ana Paula , Pereira José
Published: May 2014

O presente estudo visa perceber de que forma os professores do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (1.º Ciclo) promovem a Expressão Plástica, como valorizam a interdisciplinaridade e as competências específicas desta área, e que constrangimentos lhe reconhecem. Para tal, observámos esta área curricular em três domínios: como currículo prescrito, nos normativos legais do 1.º Ciclo; como currículo percecionado, nas opiniões e nas planificações dos docentes; e como currículo realizado, através do registo da prática docente em livro próprio (livro de sumários). Pudemos concluir que, apesar de os professores possuírem conhecimentorelativamente aos documentos reguladores do currículo nacional, revelam dificuldades na sua operacionalização concreta e mantêm práticas afluentes ou subsidiárias aos conhecimentos pretendidos nas outras áreas. Aponta-se para uma formação que complemente e atualize os conhecimentos sobre as valências da Educação Artística Integrada e, nesse contexto, oriente uma nova didática para a Expressão Plástica.
A Dimensão Emocional da Docência: Contributo para a Formação de Professores
Authors: Freire Isabel , Bahia Sara , Estrela Maria Teresa , Amaral Anabela
Published: May 2014

Partindo de quadros teóricos que são explicitados no texto, este artigo apresenta o conjunto do projeto de investigação “A Dimensão Emocional da Docência e Formação de Professores”. Este projeto pretendeu captar as dimensões pedagógicas dos sentimentos e emoções de dois grupos de professores. Inferidas algumas necessidades e aspirações de formação, concebeu-se um esquema de investigação-formação que visou o desenvolvimento da literacia emocional dos professores. Ao longo do processo verificaram-se mudanças na capacidade de discriminação emocional, nas crenças e nos níveis de reflexividade dos professores participantes.
Probable nuevo texto celtibérico con SEGoBIRIGeA
Authors: Ballester Xaverio , Turiel Max
Published: May 2014

Nueva inscripción en lengua y escritura celtibéricas presumiblemente procedente de Torrejoncillo del Rey (Cuenca), conocida sólo por fotografías, ya que actualmente se halla en posesión de un particular. De confirmarse la autenticidad de la pieza y la lectura propuesta de SEGoBiRIGeA, esta sería en lo lingüístico relevante sobre todo para la lectura de otras tres inscripciones que contendrían entonces idéntico texto aparte de tener también repercusión en diversos aspectos histórico–arqueológicos de la Celtiberia conquense.
Los morteros centroitálicos de Segobriga
Authors: Cebrián Fernández Rosario , Hortelano Uceda Ignacio
Published: May 2014

Las excavaciones arqueológicas llevadas a cabo en la ciudad romana de Segobriga en el período 1982-2010 han documentado un conjunto de morteros de procedencia centroitálica. En siete ocasiones, los morteros presentan sellos en los que se menciona a los propietarios de las officinae en las que se fabricaron, entre ellos, los Domitii, los Statii Marcii y Caius Calpetanus Favor, y a algunos de los alfareros, como Quietius, Salutaris, Secundinus o Hermes.
Crónicas sobre los restos de la antigua Onoba Aestuaria (Huelva)
Authors: Delgado Aguilar Salvador
Published: May 2014

En este artículo presentamos aquellas noticias, tanto escritas como orales, sobre los muchos hallazgos romanos producidos en la ciudad de Huelva y en sus inmediaciones. Con todos estos datos pretendemos otorgar un nuevo sesgo a la investigación sobre la antigua ciudad de Onoba. Así, realizaremos un mapa de dispersión de los restos romanos, cuando ha sido posible su localización exacta, con lo que obtendremos una visión general, más real que ideal, de lo que fue la ciudad de Onoba. Todas estas crónicas supondrán un añadido más al estudio de la ciudad que ayudarán a conocer la verdadera importancia que tuvo durante el periodo de ocupación romano.
La religión romana en Menorca: aproximación desde las fuentes iconográficas
Authors: Moreno Pérez Abraham Santiago
Published: May 2014

Se presenta el avance de un trabajo más amplio sobre la incidencia de la religión romana en Menorca teniendo en cuenta las distintas fuentes existentes, pero centrada principalmente en una de las más abundantes y, a la vez, menos trabajadas: la documentación iconográfica. El conjunto estudiado, principalmente compuesto por material figurado importado en pequeños soportes metálicos, muestra la penetración de cultos oficiales romanos a partir de comienzos de época imperial, y distintos grados de recepción de cultos y creencias en el ámbito rural desde el s. II adne hasta el s. III dne.
Change Agents for Climate Change Mitigation in Urban Areas Change Agents für den städtischen Klimaschutz. Empirische Befunde und praxistheoretische Einsichten
Authors: Sommer Bernd , Schad Miriam
Published: May 2014

Within the field of interdisciplinary sustainability science, the popular concept of change agents has been only vaguely theorised. In the current debate, neither sociological theories of practice nor the level of participation required for a transformation towards sustainability are
considered. On the basis of a qualitative analysis of change agents in two districts of the city of Cologne, as well as Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice, this paper aspires to provide a sociological substantiation of the concept of change agents. The availability of social and/or economic
capital, time, and a mental disposition for change are identified as prerequisites for actors to evoke social change. More than half of the analysed change agents were directly or indirectly open to sustainability issues. Here, for urban sustainable development, lies a potential to integrate
actors beyond the traditional sustainability community and build on local social networks.
Activation of the Pleiotropic Drug Resistance Pathway Can Promote Mitochondrial DNA Retention by Fusion-Defective Mitochondria in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Mutlu Nebibe , Garipler Görkem , Akdoğan Emel , Dunn Cory D
Published: May 2014

Genetic and microscopic approaches using Saccharomyces cerevisiae have identified many proteins that play a role in mitochondrial dynamics, but it is possible that other proteins and pathways that play a role in mitochondrial division and fusion remain to be discovered. Mutants lacking mitochondrial fusion are characterized by rapid loss of mitochondrial DNA. We took advantage of a petite-negative mutant that is unable to survive mitochondrial DNA loss to select for mutations that allow cells with fusion-deficient mitochondria to maintain the mitochondrial genome on fermentable medium. Next-generation sequencing revealed that all identified suppressor mutations not associated with known mitochondrial division components were localized to PDR1 or PDR3, which encode transcription factors promoting drug resistance. Further studies revealed that at least one, if not all, of these suppressor mutations dominantly increases resistance to known substrates of the pleiotropic drug resistance pathway. Interestingly, hyperactivation of this pathway did not significantly affect mitochondrial shape, suggesting that mitochondrial division was not greatly affected. Our results reveal an intriguing genetic connection between pleiotropic drug resistance and mitochondrial dynamics.
Detecting Local Haplotype Sharing and Haplotype Association
Authors: Xu Hanli , Guan Yongtao
Published: May 2014

A novel haplotype association method is presented, and its power is demonstrated. Relying on a statistical model for linkage disequilibrium (LD), the method first infers ancestral haplotypes and their loadings at each marker for each individual. The loadings are then used to quantify local haplotype sharing between individuals at each marker. A statistical model was developed to link the local haplotype sharing and phenotypes to test for association. We devised a novel method to fit the LD model, reducing the complexity from putatively quadratic to linear (in the number of ancestral haplotypes). Therefore, the LD model can be fitted to all study samples simultaneously, and, consequently, our method is applicable to big data sets. Compared to existing haplotype association methods, our method integrated out phase uncertainty, avoided arbitrariness in specifying haplotypes, and had the same number of tests as the single-SNP analysis. We applied our method to data from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium and discovered eight novel associations between seven gene regions and five disease phenotypes. Among these, GRIK4, which encodes a protein that belongs to the glutamate-gated ionic channel family, is strongly associated with both coronary artery disease and rheumatoid arthritis. A software package implementing methods described in this article is freely available at http://www.haplotype.org.
Diversidad genética de papas nativas (Solanumspp.) conservadas en cultivares nativos del Perú
Authors: Soto Julián , Medina Tulio , Aquino Yeny , Estrada Rolando
Published: May 2014

El presente trabajo analiza el grado de diversidad genética utilizando 18 marcadores microsatélites, de una muestra aleatoria de 79 variedades nominales de papa nativa (Solanumspp.) procedentes de cinco regiones políticas del Perú (Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cusco, Huancavelica y Puno), cultivadas en “chacras” de agricultores que colaboraron con el proyecto “Conservación in situde los cultivos nativos y sus parientes silvestres”. De los 18 marcadores, 17 amplificaron un solo locus polimórfico, siendo el promedio de alelos por locus de 8.79. Se obtuvo una similitud media de 0.62 y rangos de agrupamiento que varíaron desde 0.41 a 0.98. Para los 19 loci registrados se obtuvo un total de 166 alelos. La región de Cuzco presentó el mayor número de alelos (130 alelos). De los 166 alelos caracterizados, 72 alelos (43.37%) fueron comunes o compartidos con las 5 regiones de colecta. La región de Puno presento el mayor numero de alelos exclusivos (8 alelos). Las 42 variedades nominales de S. tuberosumsubsp. andigenatuvieron una diversidad promedio de 0.74 y las 18 variedades nominales de S. x chauchauna diversidad promedio de 0.70. Los valores de polimorfismo (PIC = 0.55 – 0.85) y los índices de diversidad genética obtenidos indicarían que los microsatélites evaluados logran identificar altos niveles de diversidad genética, pero a la vez no son suficientes para discriminar grupos diferenciados por procedencia o especies. Nuestros análisis indican que existe un alto grado de diversidad genética y corroboran los resultados obtenidos de los inventarios y caracterizaciones morfológicas realizadas in situ; también podemos concluir que existiría un pool de genes común que se encontrarían ampliamente distribuidos entre las regiones estudiadas.
Efecto ahorrativo de la proteína usando niveles altos de energía y obtención de la relación optima energía digestible/proteína digestible en dietas para el crecimiento de Oreochromis niloticus(L)
Authors: Gutierrez Felix Walter , Quispe Máximo , Valenzuela Luz
Published: May 2014

Se evaluó el efecto ahorrativo de la proteína usando dietas altas en energía. Se utilizó un diseño factorial para medir la interacción de dos niveles de proteína (30% y 35%) y dos niveles de energía digestible (3.3 y 3.7 kcal/g de alimento) sobre la ganancia (GP), conversión alimenticia (CA), proteína retenida (PR), energía retenida (ER) y la relación de eficiencia proteica (REP) en la tilapia del Nilo todos machos (Oreochromis niloticus). En la composición de las dietas se emplearon harina de anchoveta y harina de torta de soya como fuentes de proteína y maíz amarillo duro y subproducto de trigo como fuentes de energía. El aceite de pescado fue añadido para ajustar los niveles de energía requeridos en las dietas experimentales. Se encontraron interacciones altamente significativas (P<0.01) entre la proteína y la energía digestible. Cuando se utilizaron las dietas con 30% de proteína, el incremento del nivel de energía digestible afectó significativamente la GP, CA, PR, ER y la REP, donde el nivel de 3.3 kcal/g tuvo el mejor comportamiento. Con 35% de proteína, el nivel de energía digestible no influyó significativamente sobre la GP, CA, PR, ER y la REP, sin embargo el nivel de 3.0 kcal/g tuvo el mayor rendimiento. Cuando se compararon las dos dietas no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Considerando el costo de la proteína dietaría se concluyó que la mejor respuesta fue obtenida con la dieta de 30% de proteína y 3.7 kcal/g de energía digestible y una relación optima energía digestible/proteína digestible de 13.75 kcal/g de proteína.
Neutron Scattering of CeNi at the SNS-ORNL: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Mirmelstein A.V. , Podlesnyak A. , Kolesnikov A.I. , Saporov B. , Sefat A.S. , Tobin JG
Published: May 2014

This is a preliminary report of a neutron scattering experiment used to investigate 4f electron behavior in Ce.
Student Perceptions of Constructivist Concepts in Classes Using Virtual Worlds
Authors: Bowers K. Westmoreland
Published: May 2014

The purpose of this study was to identify constructivist concepts that are important to student-perceived learning outcomes in college courses that use a virtual world, such as Second Life, as an educational tool. Identification of these concepts will help instructors to make the best use of their course design efforts in mediated environments. Subsequently, this will benefit students by matching the learning environment to students' learning needs and potential preferences. This study used a web-based survey that asked respondents about their perceptions of how their experience in a class using a virtual world as an instructional tool represented several constructivist learning concepts. Their responses were compared to how they felt about different learning outcomes. The results indicate that authentic learning context is a major factor in all of the student-perceived learning outcomes measured in this study, while student responsibility and initiative is important to academic learning time and learning progress.
You Don't Leave Your Baby—Mother's Experiences after a Stillbirth
Authors: Lindgren H. , Malm M.-C. , Rådestad I.
Published: May 2014

When a baby has died during pregnancy, the first encounter between mother and child occurs when the baby is already dead. Despair, emptiness, and grief characterize the encounter, which is also a gradual farewell to the child and the planned future for the family. This study describes mothers' experiences of the farewell of their stillborn baby at discharge from hospital. Twenty-three mothers from different parts of Sweden, who suffered stillbirth, were interviewed. Semi-structured questions were used and the replies were analyzed using content analysis. The mothers describe the separation from the child when leaving hospital as unnatural and that the separation ruins the motherhood they felt during pregnancy. Five categories were identified: unnatural to leave the baby; going home empty-handed; access to the child; security and insecurity in the separation; to let go. The overarching theme that we recognized from these responses we have formulated as: You don't leave your baby. Leaving the baby at the hospital goes against the biological instinct to care for and protect the offspring. Routines for a dignified goodbye including designating a deputy guardian into whose arms the mother can place the baby can help to facilitate the separation. The possibility of leaving the baby in the arms of someone known to the parents should be an option for parents who choose to take farewell of the child at the hospital. The place and time for the farewell should be decided on by the parents, taking the baby home for a personal farewell could be an alternative.
Are All Deaths the Same for Physicians and Nurses?: Stereotype Questions Physicians and Nurses Utilize to Characterize a Person Who Has Died
Authors: Vatanoğlu-Lutz E. Elif , Çoban Mustafa , İzgi Mustafa Cumhur
Published: May 2014

How do healthcare professionals classify or characterize human beings: how do they identify and define a patient or in the case of this study a dead person? Healthcare professionals are fairly regularly exposed to human beings dying. Part of their duty is to postpone death but, death being inevitable, they regularly lose the fight. This study aims to determine how healthcare professionals classify human beings by asking only 1 question, and allowing respondents to provide 5 answers of their own making (“You are exposed to a dead person, victim of a car accident. Apart from name and surname, what are the 5 questions you would ask?”). Thereby, it is hoped to avoid both conflicts with responsibilities of healthcare professionals and predetermining the answers. As described above, one self-administered open question related to a very short story had to be answered anonymously and was asked by e-mail. As a result of the analysis, a number of stereotype question sets were obtained through the answers of the respondents. The stereotype questions and derived thought concepts provide an insight into the awareness and (prioritized) values of healthcare professionals in Turkey. In the replies, questions related to the personal background of the dead (such as age, marital status, and parenthood) had the highest frequency, while questions of professional relevance followed with medium frequency. A question relating to the consent of the deceased to organ donation was almost never asked. It is suggested that any potential educational material for healthcare personnel should be reviewed in order to increase awareness of relevant issues.
Morphologic and morphometric analysis of alternations in the oral cavity caused by Candida albicans: Experimental work
Authors: Kesic Ljiljana , Delic Radojka , Mihailovic Dragan , Petrovic Milica , Delic Tijana
Published: May 2014

Introduction. Candidiasis has become a human disease of increasing importance
in the last decades. The aim of the study is to establish pathomorphological
alterations caused by the blastospores of the Candida albicans as well as
morphometric alterations. Material and Methods. The experiment was carried
out on 2.5-month-old rats, weighting 110-130 g. The study sample was divided
into the animals infected by a submucous inoculation in the periodontal
region and the controls. The gingival specimens were taken, preparations were
done and stained by the hematoxylin-eosin and Periodic acid Schiff methods.
Results. The following alterations were found out by the stereological
analysis: an average volume of nuclei of the gingival epithelial cells was
111.82 ?m3 (SD=25.34) on the first day. A statistically significant increase
in the volume of nuclei in the experimental group began to occur from the
fourth day (202.97 ?m3; SD=31.16, p<0.05) and the highest value of the nuclei
volume was found out on the eight day of the experiment (316.83 ?m3;
SD=40.15). Conclusion. Blastospores of Candida albicans are pathogenic for
the gingival tissue where they cause degenerative necrotic alterations of the
granulomatous character and after the fourth day from the inoculation, the
development of the pseudohyphae was observed. The obtained values of
stereologic measurement show the acute increase in the volume of nuclei.
Comparative analysis of success of psoriasis treatment with standard therapeutic modalities and balneotherapy
Authors: Ninkovic-Baros Djuka , Gajanin Vesna , Gajanin Radoslav , Zrnic Bogdan
Published: May 2014

Introduction. Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated skin
disease. In addition to standard therapeutic modalities (antibiotics,
cytostatics, phototherapy, photochemotherapy and retinoids), nonstandard
methods can be used in the treatment of psoriasis. This includes
balneotherapy which is most commonly used in combination with therapeutic
resources. The aim of this research was to determine the length of remission
of psoriasis in patients treated with standard therapeutic modalities,
balneotherapy, and combined treatment (standard therapeutic modalities and
balneotherapy). Material and Methods. The study analyzed 60 adult patients,
of both sexes, with different clinical forms of psoriasis, who were divided
into three groups according to the applied therapeutic modalities: the first
group (treated with standard therapeutic modalities), the second group
(treated with balneotherapy) and the third group (treated with combined
therapystandard methods therapy and balneotherapy). The Psoriasis Area and
Severity Index was determined in first, third and sixth week of treatment for
all patients. The following laboratory analysis were performed and monitored:
C reactive protein, iron with total iron binding capacity, unsaturated iron
binding capacity and ferritin, uric acid, rheumatoid factors and antibodies
to streptolysin O in the first and sixth week of treatment. Results. The
average length of remission in patients treated with standard therapeutic
modalities and in those treated with balneotherapy was 1.77 ? 0.951 months
and 1.79 ? 0.918 months, respectively. There was a statistically significant
difference in the duration of remission between the patients treated with
combination therapy and patients treated with standard therapeutic modalities
(p=0.019) and balneotherapy (p=0.032). Conclusion. The best results have been
achieved when the combination therapy was administered.
Severe hyperkalemia induced by propranolol
Authors: Mandic Danijela , Nezic Lana , Skrbic Ranko
Published: May 2014

Introduction. Hyperkalemia secondary to beta-adrenergic receptor blockade
occurs in 1-5% of patients and is likely to develop with
non-cardio-selective beta-blockers. Case Report. We have described
hyperkalemia in a patient with angina pectoris receiving propranolol,
clinically manifested as weakness, tightness behind the sternum and numbness
in the limbs. Laboratory tests showed hyperkalemia (6.6 mmol/L), peaked T
wave and a corrected QT interval of 510 ms. After discontinuation of
propranolol, decline in potassium level, normalisation of
electrocardiographic changes and clinical improvement were achieved. Causal
relationship of drug related hyperkalemia has been confirmed as
probable/likely according to Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Score
of 7 and the World Health Organization Uppsala Monitoring Centre Probability
Scale. Conclusion. Hyperkalemia can be unpredictable and life-threatening
complication of propranolol or a non-selective adrenergic beta blocker
treatment, and requires timely identification of cause and implementation of
therapeutic measures.
Congenital cholesteatoma of the middle ear - uncommon clinical presentation
Authors: Bukurov Bojana , Babic Borivoj , Dimitrijevic Milovan , Folic Miljan , Arsovic Nenad
Published: May 2014

Introduction. Congenital cholesteatoma of the middle ear is un uncommon and
yet not well-defined disease. Only few cases of cholesteatoma in the fossa
ovalis with unusual clinical presentation have been reported in medical
literature. Case report. We reported a 16-year-old girl with congenital
cholesteatoma in the fossa ovalis with minimal clinical presentation. A small
mass was found occluding the fossa ovalis and mimicking otosclerotic process
within tympanic cavity. The operation started as stapedotomy, and when the
process was confirmed it converted to mastoidectomy via the retroauricular
approach. Conclusion. The diagnosis of congenital cholesteatoma in children
should always be considered, even if the clinical symptoms imitate other ear
disorders, in our case otosclerosis.
Orbital lymphoma associated with Graves’ disease: A case report
Authors: Hajdukovic Zoran , Kuzmic-Jankovic Snezana , Kljakovic-Avramovic Tamara , Sekulovic Leposava , Tukic Ljiljana
Published: May 2014

Introduction. The presence of bilateral exophthalmos and palpebral,
periorbital edema associated with hyperthyroidism is most often considered as
an initial sign of Graves? ophthalmopathy. However, in up to 20% of cases,
Graves? ophthalmopathy might precede the occurrence of hyperthyroidism, which
is very important to be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially
if it is stated as unilateral. Among other less common causes of
non-thyroid-related orbitopathy, orbital lymphoma represents rare conditions.
We presented of a patient with Graves? disease, initially manifested as
bilateral orbitopathy and progressive unilateral exophthalmos caused by the
marginal zone B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the orbit. Case report. A
64-yearold man with the 3-year history of bilateral Graves? orbitopathy and
hyperthyroidism underwent the left orbital decompression surgery due to the
predominantly left, unilateral worsening of exophthalmos resistant to the
previously applied glucocorticoid therapy. A year after the surgical
treatment, a substantial exophthalmos of the left eye was again observed,
signifying that other non-thyroid pathology could be involved. Orbital
ultrasound was suggestive of primary orbital lymphoma, what was confirmed by
orbital CT scan and the biopsy of the tumor tissue. Detailed examinations
indicated that the marginal zone B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma extended to IV
- B-b CS, IPI 3 (bone marrow infiltration: m+ orbit+). Upon the completion of
the polychemiotherapy and the radiation treatment, a complete remission of
the disease was achieved. Conclusion. Even when elements clearly indicate the
presence of thyroid-related ophthalmopathy, disease deteriorating should
raise a suspicion and always lead to imaging procedures to exclude
malignancy.
Improvement of post-hypoxic action myoclonus with levetiracetam add-on therapy: A case report
Authors: Bozic Ksenija , Gebauer-Bukurov Ksenija , Sakalas Lorand , Divjak Ivana , Jesic Aleksandar
Published: May 2014

Introduction. Chronic post-anoxic myoclonus, also known as Lance-Adams
syndrome, may develop following hypoxic brain injury, and is resistant to
pharmacological therapy. Case report. The patient we presented developed
post-anoxic action myoclonus with severe, completely incapacitating myoclonic
jerks. Myoclonus did not respond to the treatment with commonly used agents,
i.e. valproate and clonazepam alone or in combination. Improvement of the
action myoclonus was observed only after adding levetiracetam. Conclusion.
Although Lance-Adams syndrome may not be fully curable at this point,
levetiracetam appears to be a promising agent that can significantly improve
functional level and overall quality of life of patients with this disorder.
Dicarbonyl Stress in the Absence of Hyperglycemia Increases Endothelial Inflammation and Atherogenesis Similar to That Observed in Diabetes
Authors: Tikellis Chris , Pickering Raelene J. , Tsorotes Despina , Huet Olivier , Cooper Mark E. , Jandeleit-Dahm Karin , Thomas Merlin C.
Published: May 2014

The deleterious effects of high glucose levels and enhanced metabolic flux on the vasculature are thought to be mediated by the generation of toxic metabolites, including reactive dicarbonyls like methylglyoxal (MG). In this article, we demonstrate that increasing plasma MG to levels observed in diabetic mice either using an exogenous source (1% in drinking water) or generated following inhibition, its primary clearance enzyme, glyoxalase-1 (with 50 mg/kg IP bromobenzyl-glutathione cyclopentyl diester every second day), was able to increase vascular adhesion and augment atherogenesis in euglycemic apolipoprotein E knockout mice to a similar magnitude as that observed in hyperglycemic mice with diabetes. The effects of MG appear partly mediated by activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), as deletion of RAGE was able to reduce inflammation and atherogenesis associated with MG exposure. However, RAGE deletion did not completely prevent inflammation or vascular damage, possibly because the induction of mitochondrial oxidative stress by dicarbonyls also contributes to inflammation and atherogenesis. Such data would suggest that a synergistic combination of RAGE antagonism and antioxidants may offer the greatest utility for the prevention and management of diabetic vascular complications.
ZnT8-Reactive T Cells Are Weakly Pathogenic in NOD Mice but Can Participate in Diabetes Under Inflammatory Conditions
Authors: Nayak Deepak K. , Calderon Boris , Vomund Anthony N. , Unanue Emil R.
Published: May 2014

Autoantibodies to the islet-specific Zn transporter ZnT8 (Slc30a8), as well as CD4 T cells, have been identified in patients with type 1 diabetes. Here we examined for CD4 T-cell reactivity to ZnT8 epitopes in the NOD mouse. Immunization with a cytoplasmic domain of the protein or with peptides predicted to bind to I-Ag7 resulted in a CD4 T-cell response, indicating a lack of deletional tolerance. However, presentation by intraislet antigen-presenting cells (APC) to the T cells was not detectable in prediabetic mice. Presentation by islet APC was found only in islets of mice with active diabetes. In accordance, a culture assay indicated the weak transfer of ZnT8 reactivity from insulinomas or primary β-cells to APC for presentation to T cells. A T cell directed to one peptide (345–359) resulted in the transfer of diabetes, but only in conditions in which the recipient NOD mice or NOD.Rag1−/− mice were subjected to light irradiation. In late diabetic NOD mice, CD4 T cells were found as well as a weak antibody response. We conclude that in NOD mice, ZnT8 is a minor diabetogenic antigen that can participate in diabetes in conditions in which the islet is first made receptive to immunological insults.
Effects of Light Activated In-office Bleaching on Permeability, Microhardness, and Mineral Content of Enamel
Authors: Parreiras SO , Vianna P , Kossatz S , Loguercio AD , Reis A
Published: May 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the permeability (PE), microhardness (KHN), and mineral change in enamel after LED/laser activated in-office bleaching. For PE, the coronal portion of premolars (n=51) was subjected to bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (Whiteness HP Maxx, FGM Dental Products, Joinville, SC, Brazil). The samples were stained via the histochemical method, which involves a copper sulphate solution and rubeanic acid. The penetration of dye into the enamel was measured. The KHN of enamel was assessed before treatment, immediately after the bleaching treatment, and again after one week. The calcium and phosphorus content were analyzed with a scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive X-ray (JSM 6360LV, Jeol Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). The data set from each test was subjected to appropriate parametric statistical analysis (α=0.05). No significant differences were observed for PE in NLA and LA compared to the control group (p=0.98), as well as for calcium (p=0.16) and phosphorus (p=0.80) content. Significant reduction of KHN after bleaching occurred for both groups (p<0.001). After immersion in artificial saliva, the KHN of the enamel for all groups was similar to that seen before bleaching. Light activation during in-office bleaching does not produce significant changes in the enamel compared to a non–light-activated technique.
Rigorous method to solute the slit diffraction
Authors: Jianlong Li
Published: May 2014

The authors present a semianalytical method to rigorous solute the slit diffraction in this paper, and it can be used to calculate the field located at an arbitrary depth of the diffraction zone. And some expressions of the diffraction field in the double-slit are also given. Finally, the space distribution of the diffraction field located at three transmission depths was numerically calculated.
A Review of the Literature on Teaching Academic English to English Language Learners
Authors: DiCerbo Patricia A. , Anstrom Kristina A. , Baker Lottie L. , Rivera Charlene
Published: May 2014

Academic English (AE) refers to the language used in school to help students acquire and use knowledge. This article reviews current literature to determine what is known about the nature of AE within the context of K–12 schooling. It describes how AE is conceptualized in the education research literature, how these conceptualizations are realized in instructional practices, and the implications of these conceptualizations for teacher education and professional development. The student population that is the primary focus of the article is English language learners, but the findings have implications for all students who struggle with learning AE. The article raises critical challenges in defining and operationalizing AE for instruction and suggests areas for further inquiry.
Effect of Losartan and Amlodipine on Heart Rate Variability In Essential Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Sultana Shamima , Begum Shelina , Ferdousi Sultana , Ahmed Mohammad Nesar Uddin
Published: May 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v8i2.18653 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2013, December; 8(2): 42-50
Effects of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Lung Functions in Patients with COPD
Authors: Ahmed Mohammad Nesar Uddin , Begum Shelina , Sultana Shamima , Ali Taskina
Published: May 2014

Background: The importance of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) as a therapeutic measure for COPD patients is well known. Objective: To evaluate the effects of PR program by pursed lip breathing (PLB) and diaphragmatic breathing (DB) on FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio in male patients with moderate stable COPD. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, BSMMU, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011 on 116 male stable moderate COPD patients aged 50 to 65 years. They were enrolled from the out patient department of the Department of Medicine of BSMMU and NIDCH Dhaka. They were grouped as control (56 patients without PR) and experimental (60 patients with PR). The experimental patients were advised to perform PR program for 30 minutes duration per session at home twice daily, for consecutive 60 days along with the standard drug treatment of COPD. On the contrary, the control patients were advised to continue their standard drug treatment alone for consecutive 60 days. For the assessment of spirometric lung function status, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio of all subjects were recorded on day 0 and day 60 for both the group by a portable digital MicroDL Spirometer and the statistical analysis was done by independent sample t test and paired Students t test. Results: FVC and FEV1 value were significantly increased in comparison to the control patients after 60 days of follow up. On the other hand, post exercise value of FEV1/FVC ratio was decreased but it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study reveals improvement of lung functions with this sort of combination of PR program in stable COPD patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v8i2.18657 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2013, December; 8(2): 70-76
Autonomic Dysfunction in Current Cigarette Smokers Assessed by Time Series Analysis of Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Ferdouse Mehboba , Ferdousi Sultana
Published: May 2014

Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the strong contributors to the risk of development of cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease, stroke, sudden death, peripheral artery disease & aortic aneurysm. Objective: To assess HRV by time domain methods in healthy cigarette smokers. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from July 2011 to June 2012. 120 apparently healthy male current regular cigarette smokers (Group B) aged 20-55 years were enrolled in the study group.70 apparently healthy male non smoker subjects (Group A) were taken as control. Time domain measures of HRV were recorded by a RMS digital Polyrite. Statistical analysis was done by independent sample t test. Results: Resting Pulse, SBP, DBP, Mean heart rate was significantly higher (p<0.001) and Mean R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD were significantly lower (p<0.001) in all smokers compared to control. Conclusion: Generalized reduced HRV & attenuated cardiac vagal modulation occur in apparently healthy cigarette smokers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v8i2.18659 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2013, December; 8(2): 84-88
Histomorphometric Changes of The Parietal Cell of The Stomach with Age - A Postmortem Study
Authors: Begum Gul Newaz , Nurunnabi Abu Sadat Mohammad , Shahriah Sunjida , Rayhan Khandaker Abu , Begum Mahamuda
Published: May 2014

Background: The quantity of acid produced by the stomach correlates with the functional capability and number of parietal cell mass. Researchers have found that the number of parietal cells tends to increase with advancing age in different population-based studies. Objective: A cross-sectional descriptive type of study was designed to see the variation in the number and diameter of the parietal cells of the stomach with advancing age in Bangladeshi people. Methods: The present study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2005 to June 2006, based on collection of 60 human stomachs from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age-groups including group A (2-16 years), group B (17-22 years) and group C (23-65 years). A total of 8 relatively fresh samples from group A, 8 from group B and 14 from group C were selected for histological study. Then best prepared histological slides from each group were taken and examined under the light compound microscope to determine the number per sq. mm and average diameter of the parietal cells by using the ocular micrometer. Results: The number of parietal cells per square mm of microscopic fields were found 1197.88±73.34 in group A, 1362.25±55.67 in group B and 1615.57±123.57 in group C. The difference between group A & B, B & C and A & C were statistically significant. The average diameter of the parietal cells were found 14.44±1.58ìm, 16.87±0.48ìm, 17.67±1.28ìm in group A, B and C respectively. The difference between group A & B and A & C were statistically significant. Conclusion: The number of the parietal cells increases with age, even in old age. However, the diameter of the parietal cell increases up to the 3rd decade of life and then remains static. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v8i2.18660 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2013, December; 8(2): 89-93
Anti‐proliferative and anti‐tumour effects of lymphocyte‐derived microparticles are neither species‐ nor tumour‐type specific
Authors: Yang Chun , Xiong Wei , Qiu Qian , Tahiri Houda , Superstein Rosanne , Carret Anne‐Sophie , Sapieha Przemyslaw , Hardy Pierre
Published: May 2014

Background

Unregulated cell proliferation or growth is a prominent characteristic of cancer. We have previously demonstrated that LMPs (cell membrane microparticles derived from apoptotic human CEM T lymphoma cells stimulated with actinomycin D) strongly suppress the proliferation of not only human endothelial cells but also mouse Lewis lung carcinoma cells.

Methods

LMPs were generated either from CEM T cells using different stimuli or from 3 different types of lymphocytes. The effects of LMPs on cancer cell proliferation were examined using cell lines from different species and tissues. The cell cycle kinetics was evaluated by FACS and the expression of cell cycle‐related genes was determined using quantitative RT‐PCR. The in vivo anti‐tumor effect of LMPs was investigated using xenografts and allografts.

Results

LMPs at doses far above physiological levels dramatically suppressed the proliferation of cancer cells in a non species‐specific manner. LMPs selectively target high proliferating cells and their anti‐proliferative effect is not dependent on parental cell origin or stimuli. The anti‐proliferative effect of LMPs was due to induction of cell‐cycle arrest in G0/G1, with associated increases in expression of the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors p15INK4b, p16INK4a, and p21Cip1. In vivo, LMPs significantly suppressed tumor growth in animal tumor models.

Conclusion

These results highlight the potential role of LMPs in modulating the growth of high proliferating cells. Given that cell‐based therapies are considered less toxic than pharmacologic approaches and have the potential to target multiple pathways in a synergistic manner, LMPs may serve as a veritable option for cancer treatment.