bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oncology Pharmacist Opportunities: Closing the Gap in Quality Care
Authors: Vulaj Vera , Hough Shannon , Bedard Louise , Farris Karen , Mackler Emily
Published: January 2018

Purpose:

ASCO has worked to facilitate the improvement in quality oncology care via the development of the Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI). The extent to which the ASCO QOPI identifies areas in which pharmacists may enhance care is not known. These findings are important, as pharmacists are an integral part of the care team, providing direct clinical care in addition to medication use guidelines and practice-based policies. In addition, high-performing practices may receive reimbursement from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

Methods:

Three pharmacists reviewed 200 QOPI measures for potential pharmacist involvement. We used the Hematology/Oncology Pharmacy Association Scope of Practice document and a validated summary of services provided by board-certified oncology pharmacists to identify which practice domains and pharmacy services would best fit the care provided by the selected QOPI measures.

Results:

A total of 177 QOPI measures were analyzed. Potential areas of pharmacist impact were identified in 67 (38%) of the included metrics. Measures largely related to optimizing drug therapy through the development and implementation of pharmacy guidelines. Patient counseling and symptom management are services that best described the majority of QOPI measures deemed actionable by a pharmacist. We also found that several QOPI measures pharmacists can intervene upon overlap with metrics currently assessed for reimbursement via the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Merit-Based Incentive Payment System.

Conclusion:

Oncology pharmacists are uniquely positioned to improve the quality of care provided to patients with cancer within the team-based setting.
Hospitals as Insurers of Last Resort
Authors: Garthwaite Craig , Gross Tal , Notowidigdo Matthew J.
Published: January 2018

American hospitals are required to provide emergency medical care to the uninsured. We use previously confidential hospital financial data to study the resulting uncompensated care, medical care for which no payment is received. Using both panel-data methods and case studies, we find that each additional uninsured person costs hospitals approximately $800 each year. Increases in the uninsured population also lower hospital profit margins, suggesting that hospitals do not pass along all uncompensated-care costs to other parties such as hospital employees or privately insured patients. A hospital's uncompensated-care costs also increase when a neighboring hospital closes. (JEL G22, I11, I13, L25)
Social Media and Corruption
Authors: Enikolopov Ruben , Petrova Maria , Sonin Konstantin
Published: January 2018

Does new media promote accountability in nondemocratic countries, where offline media is often suppressed? We show that blog posts, which exposed corruption in Russian state-controlled companies, had a negative causal impact on their market returns. For identification, we exploit the precise timing of blog posts by looking at within-day results with company-day fixed effects. Furthermore, we show that the posts are ultimately associated with higher management turnover and less minority shareholder conflicts. Taken together, our results suggest that social media can discipline corruption even in a country with limited political competition and heavily censored traditional media. (JEL G14, G34, L82, P23, P26, P34, Z13)
For Better or for Worse?: Education and the Prevalence of Domestic Violence in Turkey
Authors: Erten Bilge , Keskin Pinar
Published: January 2018

We exploit a change in the compulsory schooling law in Turkey to estimate the causal effects of education on the prevalence of domestic violence. By adopting a regression discontinuity design, we find that the reform increased women's schooling by one year to one-anda-half years and improved their labor market outcomes, with particularly strong effects for women raised in rural areas. The increase in education among rural women led to an increase in self-reported psychological violence and financial control behavior, without changes in physical violence, partner characteristics, or women's attitudes towards such violence. (JEL I21, I28, J12, J16, J24, O15, O18)
Effect of Activities Prepared by Different Teaching Techniques on Scientific Creativity Levels of Prospective Pre-school Teachers
Authors: Akcanca Nur , Ozsevgec Lale Cerrah
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the activities, which are prepared by teaching techniques that support scientific creativity, on the scientific creativity levels of prospective pre-school teachers. In the research, combined design is used, which is one of the mixed research approaches. The study group of the research included a total of 46 prospective pre-school teachers who have studied in the Education Faculty of Kafkas University in 2016-2017 academic year. The applications were carried out in the "science education" which is one of the third-grade 5th-semester courses of the pre-primary education program. The application process was completed in 4 hours a week for a total of 40 hours. In the analysis of the quantitative data collected by Scientific Creativity Test, percentage calculation and t-test were used. Explanatory and inferential codes were used in the analysis of qualitative data obtained from the in-class observations. As a result of the research, it was seen that the course activities in which different techniques were used positively influenced the scientific creativity levels of the prospective teachers. Prospective teachers' level of skills involved in creative trait, creative process, and creative product sub-dimensions also developed. It has been suggested in the direction of these results that different techniques should be used together to develop scientific creativity.
The Role of Teaching Grammar in First Language Education
Authors: Demir Sezgin , Erdogan Ayse
Published: January 2018

Grammar; while originating from the natural structure of the language also is the system which makes it possible for different language functions meet within the body of common rules especially communication. Having command of the language used, speaking and writing it correctly require strong grammar knowledge actually. However only knowing the rules cannot be the indicator of using the language correctly and effectively. For the individual, who learns the rules of the language but cannot transform it to daily life, grammar teaching can be difficult and boring. Instead of considering grammar teaching as an independent and abstract lesson, realizing it through integrating with other learning fields will increase the effect and level of success in grammar teaching. The purpose of this research is to determine the views of first language teachers regarding teaching grammar. The study group of the research consist of 10 Turkish language teachers who work in a city in Turkey (Elazig). Within this research, which was carried out with qualitative pattern, the data was gathered with one on one interview technique using semi structured interview form, which consisted of 10 questions. The data gathered was analyzed with content analysis and interpreted being categorized. Regarding the findings frequency distributions were given and interpreted. As a result of the study it was seen that teaching grammar differs in terms of teachers’ views, in addition in some matters they were under expectations.
LIE ALGEBRA REPRESENTATIONS AND RIGGED HILBERT SPACES: THE SO(2) CASE
Authors: Celeghini Enrico , Gadella Manuel , Del Olmo Mariano A
Published: January 2018

It is well known that related with the irreducible representations of the Lie group SO(2) we find a discrete basis as well a continuous one. In this paper we revisited this situation under the light of  Rigged Hilbert spaces, which are the suitable framework to deal  with both discrete and bases in the same context and in  relation with physical applications.
ON THE SPECTRUM OF THE ONE-DIMENSIONAL SCHRÖDINGER HAMILTONIAN PERTURBED BY AN ATTRACTIVE GAUSSIAN POTENTIAL
Authors: Fassari Silvestro , Gadella Manuel , Nieto Luis Miguel , Rinaldi Fabio
Published: January 2018

We propose a new approach to the problem of finding the eigenvalues (energy levels) in the discrete spectrum of the one-dimensional Hamiltonian with an attractive Gaussian potential by using the well-known Birman-Schwinger technique. However, in place of the Birman-Schwinger integral operator we consider an isospectral operator in momentum space, taking advantage of the unique feature of this potential, that is to say its invariance under Fourier transform. 
Given that such integral operators are trace class, it is possible to determine the energy levels in the discrete spectrum of the Hamiltonian as functions of the coupling constant with great accuracy by solving a finite number of transcendental equations. We also address the important issue of the coupling constant thresholds of the Hamiltonian, that is to say the critical values of λ for which we have the emergence of an additional bound state out of the absolutely continuous spectrum. 
THE ANALYSIS OF IMAGES IN N-POINT GRAVITATIONAL LENS BY METHODS OF ALGEBRAIC GEOMETRY
Authors: Kotvytskiy Albert , Bronza Semen , Shablenko Vladimir
Published: January 2018

This paper is devoted to the study of images in N-point gravitational lenses by methods of algebraic geometry. In the beginning, we carefully define images in algebraic terms. Based on the definition, we show that in this model of gravitational lenses (for a point source), the dimensions of the images can be only 0 and 1. We reduce it to the fundamental problem of classical algebraic geometry - the study of solutions of a polynomial system of equations. Further, we use well-known concepts and theorems. We adapt known or prove new assertions. Sometimes, these statements have a fairly general form and can be applied to other problems of algebraic geometry. In this paper: the criterion for irreducibility of polynomials in several variables over the field of complex numbers is effectively used. In this paper, an algebraic version of the Bezout theorem and some other statements are formulated and proved. We have applied the theorems proved by us to study the imaging of dimensions 1 and 0.
ANALISIS PASAL 39 AYAT 3 KHI TENTANG LARANGAN KAWIN KARENA SESUSUAN: PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Armita Pipin
Published: January 2018

The Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) cannot be separated from the rules of law written in the Qur'an and Hadith. Article 39 paragraph 3 of The Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) states that there is a prohibition on marriage due to the same breastfeeding mother. Philosophically, Allah's purpose in prescribing the law is to preserve the benefits of human beings, as well as to avoid ‘mafsadat’, both in the world and in the hereafter. In article 39 paragraph 3 KHI, the determination of the law is in order to realize the benefits of human beings. There are five main elements that are protected against the law of prohibition on marriage due to the same breastfeeding mother as mentioned in article 39 paragraph 3 KHI. The five main elements are religion (ḥifẓ ad-dīn), soul (ḥifẓ an-nafs), reason (ḥifẓ al-‘aql), descendants (ḥifẓ an-nasl), and property (ḥifẓ al-māl).[Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) tidak lepas dari kaidah-kaidah hukum yang tertulis dalam al-Qur’an dan Hadis. Pasal 39 ayat 3 Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) menyatakan adanya larangan melangsungkan perkawinan karena sesusuan. Secara filosofis, tujuan Allah mensyariatkan hukumnya adalah untuk memelihara kemaslahatan manusia, sekaligus untuk menghindari mafsadat, baik di dunia maupun di akhirat. Dalam pasal 39 ayat 3 KHI, penetapan hukum tersebut dalam rangka mewujudkan kemaslahatan manusia. Ada lima unsur pokok yang dilindungi terhadap penetapan hukum keharaman menikah karena sesusuan yang tercantum dalam pasal 39 ayat 3 KHI. Kelima unsur pokok tersebut adalah agama (ḥifẓ ad-dīn), jiwa (ḥifẓ an-nafs), akal (ḥifẓ al-‘aql), keturunan (ḥifẓ an-nasl), dan harta (ḥifẓ al-māl).]
LARANGAN PERKAWINAN DI ANTARA DUA KHOTBAH: TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM ATAS PRAKTIK PERKAWINAN DI DESA SIBIRUANG KABUPATEN KAMPAR RIAU
Authors: Mustafid Mustafid
Published: January 2018

In the Islamic law there is a marriage prohibition related to time, which is a prohibition on getting married when a person performs ihram, both the ihram of hajj and ihram of umrah and in the iddah period. The people of Sibiruang Village, Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province, besides adhering to Islamic law, are still firmly adhered to the customs that have been passed hereditary to the prohibition of marriage between two praying sermons of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha or from the 1st Shawwal after the Eid al-Fitr to 10 Zulhijjah before the Eid al-Adha. Sibiruang people believe if someone violates, he will get a negative impact on the life of his family someday. This articlewants to examine the marriage prohibition between two praying sermons of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha and the traditional custom sanctions for those who break the perspective of Islamic law.[Dalam hukum Islam terdapat larangan perkawinan yang berkaitan dengan waktu, yaitu larangan untuk melakukan perkawinan ketika seseorang melakukan ihram, baik ihram haji maupun ihram umrah, dan pada masa iddah. Masyarakat Desa Sibiruang Kecamatan Koto Kampar Hulu Kabupaten Kampar Propinsi Riau, selain berpegang teguh pada hukum Islam, juga masih perpegang teguh pada adat kebiasaan yang sudah turun-temurun terhadap larangan melakukan perkawinan di antara dua Khotbah Idul Fitri dan Khotbah Idul Adha atau dari mulai tanggal 1 Syawal setelah Khotbah Idul Fitri sampai dengan 10 Zulhijjah sebelum Khotbah Idul Adha. Masyarakat Sibiruang meyakini apabila ada yang melanggar akan mendapatkan dampak negatif terhadap kehidupan keluarganya kelak. Tulisan ini ingin mengkaji larangan menikah di antara dua Khotbah Idul Fitri dan Khotbah Idul Adha dan sanksi adat bagi yang melanggarnya perspektif hukum Islam.]
MASA PEMBAYARAN BEBAN NAFKAH IDDAH DAN MUT’AH DALAM PERKARA CERAI TALAK (Sebuah Implementasi Hukum Acara di Pengadilan Agama)
Authors: Annas Syaiful
Published: January 2018

This paper will discuss the implementation of payment of  iddah and mut'ah in the divorce (raj’i). Judges often faced  a problem between text and context. Their decision imposes on men pays iddah and mut'ah life as a right for his ex-wife, but it was not implemented as the judge's decision, so that women tend to be disadvantaged ones, although the formal law can be prosecuted fiat execution, but it is not easy for a woman, sometimes the cost of iddah and mut'ah charge is not comparable with the cost of carrying out the execution, not to mention ex-husband who went (fuzzy) away unnoticed after divorce statement. Therefore the necessary of a legal breakthrough to provide legal certainty for the rights of womens through the judge's decision, with consideration argumentative primarily to determine a living payout time of iddah And mut'ah. In this paper will be described legal reasons in court as legal considerations which contains elements of juridical, sociological, philosophical in decision [Tulisan ini hendak mendiskusikan bagaimana pelaksanaan pembebanan pembayaran nafkah iddah dan mut’ah dalam perkara talak (raj'i). Seringkali hakim dihadapkan pada problematika antara teks dan konteks. Adanya putusan yang membebankan terhadap laki-laki membayar sejumlah nafkah iddah dan mut’ah sebagai hak bagi mantan istri, akan tetapi tidak dilaksanakan sebagaimana putusan hakim, sehingga perempuan cenderung dirugikan, meskipun secara yuridis-formil dapat dituntut fiat eksekusi, tetapi tidak mudah bagi pihak perempuan, karena kadang biaya pembebanan nafkah iddah dan mut’ah tidak sebanding dengan biaya melaksanakan eksekusi, belum lagi problem mantan suami yang pergi tanpa diketahui lagi keberadaannya setelah pengucapan ikrar talaknya. Oleh karena itu perlu terobosan hukum guna menjamin hak perempuan tersebut melalui putusan hakim dengan pertimbangan yang argumentatif terutama untuk menentukan masa pembayaran nafkah iddah dan mut’ah tersebut. Dalam tulisan ini akan diurai alasan hukum dalam putusan pengadilan sebagai bahan pertimbangan hukum yang memuat unsur yuridis, sosiologis, filosofis dalam putusan tersebut.]
POLIGAMI DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT HUKUM ISLAM (KRITIK TERHADAP HUKUM PERKAWINAN DI INDONESIA)
Authors: Setiyanto Danu Aris
Published: January 2018

This paper will focus on polygamy with a philosophical approach to Islamic law and directly associated with the marriage law in Indonesia. Polygamy is an issue in family law of Islam in the discussion of fiqih both classic and contemporary. Even polygamy is a discussion that is always debated theologically and anthropocentrically. In the positive law in Indonesia, polygamy is allowed with certain conditions which are strict and in it famous with the principle of monogamy. The main requirement of polygamy both in fiqih and in Act No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage is fair, both physically and spiritually. Polygamy is a right that can only be owned by the husband and not owned by the wife. In the philosophy of Islamic law, polygamy is certainly not due only to the satisfaction of mere biological. But more than that, polygamy is interpreted as a solution to resolve a number of social issues such as the poor orphans, protection of the poor widow, and others. Polygamy in philosophy also has the meaning of protection, to avoid lewdness, and justice for feminists. However, in practice in Indonesia, philosophy of polygamy in the Marriage Law considered  by some of parties, can not be realized effectively. This is due to the absence of strict sanctions, weak administration, and the lack of public awareness in obeying the rules of religion and the Marriage Law in Indonesia. [Tulisan ini akan difokuskan tentang poligami dengan pendekatan filosofis hukum Islam dan dikaitkan langsung dengan hukum perkawinan di Indonesia. Poligami merupakan isu dalam hukum keluarga Islam baik dalam pembahasan fikih klasik maupun fikih kontemporer. Bahkan poligami adalah pembahasan yang selalu diperdebatkan secara teologis maupun antroposentris. Dalam hukum positif di Indonesia, poligami diperbolehkan dengan syarat-syarat tertentu yang ketat dan di dalamnya terkenal dengan asas monogami. Syarat utama poligami baik dalam  fikih maupun dalam Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan adalah adil, baik secara lahir maupun secara batin. Poligami merupakan hak yang hanya dimiliki oleh suami dan tidak dimiliki oleh istri. Secara filosofi hukum Islam, poligami tentu saja bukan karena hanya untuk kepuasan biologis semata. Namun lebih dari itu, poligami dimaknai sebagai solusi untuk menyelesaikan sejumlah persoalan sosial seperti adanya anak yatim yang kurang mampu, perlindungan janda yang lemah dan lain-lain. Poligami secara filosofi juga memiliki makna perlindungan, menghindari perbuatan keji, dan keadilan bagi kaum feminis. Namun dalam praktinya di Indonesia, makna filosofi poligami dalam UU Perkawinan dianggap sejumlah pihak tidak dapat diwujudkan efektif. Hal ini disebabkan karena tidak adanya sanksi yang tegas, lemahnya administrasi, dan lemahnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam menaati aturan agama dan UU Perkawinan di Indonesia.]
HUKUM WARIS DAN WASIAT (Sebuah Perbandingan antara Pemikiran Hazairin dan Munawwir Sjadzali)
Authors: Jamil Rosidi
Published: January 2018

Most Muslims understand that inheritance law is the law that its formulation can not be changed, so that the reform of inheritance law in Islam is not widely practiced by Muslims, such as the formulation of the distribution of 2: 1 for men and women, many of them regard it as pemanent formulation. Therefore, inheritance law reform is done rarely, it is different with Islamic family laws that are many changed. However, it does not mean all Muslims consider it is a rule that can not be changed, but there are some people who believe that the law of inheritance in Islam can be changed in accordance with social conditions. The social conditions can influence the occurrence of a law, including inheritance law in Islam. It can be found in the thought of two figures, namely Hazairin and Munawwir Sjadzali. Both Hazairin and Munawwir Sjadzali suggest new thought about inheritance law in Islam. [Kebanyakan umat Islam memahami bahwa hukum waris adalah hukum yang rumusannya tidak dapat dirubah, sehingga pembaharuan mengenai hukum kewarisan dalam Islam tidak banyak dilakukan oleh umat Islam, misalnya rumusan tentang pembagian 2 : 1 untuk laki-laki dan perempuan yang kebanyakan dari mereka menganggapnya sebagai rumusan yang pasti. Oleh karena itu, pembaharuan hukum kewarisan ini tidak banyak dilakukan, hal ini berbeda dengan hukum keluarga Islam yang mengalami banyak pembaharuan. Meskipun demikian, tidak berarti semua umat Islam menganggapnya sebagai aturan yang tidak boleh dirubah, akan tetapi ada beberapa tokoh yang beranggapan bahwa hukum kewarisan dalam Islam dapat berubah sesuai dengan kondisi sosial yang ada. Kondisi sosial ini dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap berlakunya suatu hukum, termasuk juga hukum kewarisan dalam Islam. Hal tersebut dapat ditemukan dalam pemikiran dua tokoh Nasional, yaitu Hazairin dan Munawwir Sjadzali. Keduanya menawarkan pemikiran baru mengenai hukum kewarisan dalam Islam].
Examination and evaluation of individualized education programs prepared for intellectual disability students
Zihin yetersizliğine sahip olan öğrenciler için hazırlanan bireyselleştirilmiş eğitim programlarının incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesi
Authors: İlik Şerife Şenay
Published: January 2018

The first step to define the services provided for students with special needs is preparing programs suitable for the student qualifications. Arranging curriculums by regarding the qualifications of students with special needs requires preparation of Individualized Education Programs. This study aims to analyze IEP prepared for intellectual disability students with regard to various variables. Study has been conducted through document analysis one of the qualitative research method. IEP of 90 intellectual disability students attending at 10 schools in Konya city center included into the study. IEP Evaluation Form which is developed by the researcher and which has 7matters and 55 sub-matters is used as data collection tool     It is found that all of the schools are insufficient in determining both support services and student file examination forms. Moreover, it is found that IEPs prepared in special sub-classes are less successful in all matter than the ones prepared in other schools.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetÖzel gereksinimli öğrenciler için sağlanacak hizmetlerin belirlenmesinin başında öğrencinin özelliklerine uygun hazırlanan programlar yer alır. Özel gereksinimli öğrencilerin özelliklerinin dikkate alınarak eğitim ortamlarının yapılandırılması da bireyselleştirilmiş eğitim programlarının hazırlanmasını gerektirir. Bu çalışma ile genel amacımız zihin yetersizliğine sahip olan öğrenciler için hazırlanmış BEP’ lerin niteliğini, çeşitli değişkenlere göre analiz etmektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya Konya il merkezde bulunan 10 okul ve bu okullardaki öğrenim gören 90 zihin yetersizliğine sahip öğrencinin mevcut BEP leri dahil edilmiştir.Veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen 7 madde ve 55 alt maddeden oluşan BEP Değerlendirme Formu kullanılmıştır. Okulların tümünde öğrenci dosyası inceleme formlarını hazırlamada ve destek eğitim hizmetlerini belirlemede yetersizliğin olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca çalışmada; özel eğitim sınıfında hazırlanan BEP’ lerin diğer okullarda hazırlanan BEP’ ler ile karşılaştırıldığında, tüm maddelerde düşük başarıya sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Assessing the quality of GEOID12B model through field surveys
Authors: Elaksher Ahmed , Kamtchang Franck , Wegmann Christian , Guerrero Adalberto
Published: January 2018

Elevation differences have been determined through conventional ground surveying techniques for over a century. Since the mid-80s GPS, GLONASS and other satellite systems have modernized the means by which elevation differences are observed. In this article, we assessed the quality of GEIOD12B through long-occupation GNSS static surveys. A set of NGS benchmarks was occupied for at least one hour using dual-frequency GNSS receivers. Collected measurements were processed using a single CORS station at most 24 kilometers from the benchmarks. Geoid undulation values were driven by subtracting measured ellipsoidal heights from the orthometric heights posted on the NGS website. To assess the quality of GEOID12B, we compared our computed vertical shifts at the benchmarks with those estimated from GEOID12B published by NGS. In addition, Kriging model was used to interpolate local maps for the geoid undulations from the benchmark heights. The maps were compared with corresponding parts of GEOID12B. No biases were detected in the results and only shifts due to random errors were found. Discrepancies in the range of ten centimetres were noticed between our geoid undulation and the values available from NGS.
The Arabic Language: A Latin of Modernity?
Authors: Kamusella Tomasz
Published: January 2018

Standard Arabic is directly derived from the language of the Quran. The Arabic language of the holy book of Islam is seen as the prescriptive benchmark of correctness for the use and standardization of Arabic. As such, this standard language is removed from the vernaculars over a millennium years, which Arabic-speakers employ nowadays in everyday life. Furthermore, standard Arabic is used for written purposes but very rarely spoken, which implies that there are no native speakers of this language. As a result, no speech community of standard Arabic exists. Depending on the region or state, Arabs (understood here as Arabic speakers) belong to over 20 different vernacular speech communities centered around Arabic dialects. This feature is unique among the so-called “large languages” of the modern world. However, from a historical perspective, it can be likened to the functioning of Latin as the sole (written) language in Western Europe until the Reformation and in Central Europe until the mid-19th century. After the seventh to ninth century, there was no Latin-speaking community, while in day-to-day life, people who employed Latin for written use spoke vernaculars. Afterward these vernaculars replaced Latin in written use also, so that now each recognized European language corresponds to a speech community. In future, faced with the demands of globalization, the diglossic nature of Arabic may yet yield a ternary polyglossia (triglossia): with the vernacular for everyday life; standard Arabic for formal texts, politics, and religion; and a western language (English, French, or Spanish) for science, business technology, and the perusal of belles-lettres.
Not All the Past Needs To Be Used: Features of Fidesz’s Politics of Memory
Authors: Benazzo Simone
Published: January 2018

Since the 2010 elections, the current Hungarian government has proven to be a very active and restless “memory warrior” (Bernard and Kubik 2014). The ruling party, Viktor Orbán’s Fidesz, shows both a neat understanding of national history and the ability to transmit it by the adoption of different tools. This politics of memory is instrumental in granting the government political legitimacy. By ruling out oppositional actors and their historical narratives from the public sphere, Fidesz presents itself as the primary champion of Hungarian national sovereignty. Hungarians is, then, portrayed as a nation that has long suffered from the yoke of external oppression in which the Ottomans, the Habsburgs, the Soviets and eventually the Europeans figure as the enemies of the Hungarians. Specific collective memories, including the Treaty of Trianon (1920), Nazi occupation (1944–5) and socialist period (1948–90), are targeted so as to enact a sense of national belonging and pride, as well as resentment against foreigners. Moreover, in its rejection of the pluralism of memories and yearn for the homogenization of national history by marginalizing unfitting elements, this politics of memory is consistent with the System of National Cooperation (Batory 2016) that Fidesz’s administration has tried to establish in Hungary. This paper carries out an in-depth analysis of Fidesz’s multilayered politics of memory by investigating both its internal and external dimensions separately. In the final section, conclusions are drawn up to summarize its key tenets. Official speeches, legislative acts, and four interviews with key historians of Hungary have been used as sources.
Case Study: Evaluation of the Effect of Extraction Temperature on WMA Binder Containing Sasobit Additive
Authors: Wu Shenghua , Zhang Weiguang , Shen Shihui , Muhunthan Balasingam
Published: January 2018

The current experimental methods for the extraction and recovery of asphalt binder from asphalt mixtures were designed for hot mix asphalt (HMA); however, it was not ascertained whether or not these methods could also be used for warm mix asphalt (WMA). There are concerns about the inability of current methods to fully extract and recover WMA additives from WMA mixtures, such as Sasobit wax, that can crystallize at room. Therefore, this study investigated the effectiveness of current HMA binder extraction methods for WMAs containing Sasobit additive. An experimental program was designed to evaluate the effect of extraction temperature. The loose mixes for HMA and Sasobit were prepared and subjected to three different aging levels (2 hours, 15 hours, and 5 days) and were extracted at an intermediate temperature (25°C) and an elevated temperature (80°C), respectively. Sasobit can be extracted at 80°C, which was confirmed by the results from the rheological properties test (performance grading, multiple stress creep and recovery test, and frequency sweep test) and a chemical analysis test (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy test) for the HMA- and Sasobit-extracted binders. Four field Sasobit WMA projects further verified the feasibility of an 80°C extraction temperature for the Sasobit binder. It was also found in this study that the effect of Sasobit on the base binders became less significant after it was subjected to long-term aging in the field.
Sequential Sampling Plan in the Truncated Life Test for Weibull Distribution
Authors: Rasay Hasan , Pourgharibshahi Morteza , Fallahnezhad Mohammad Saber
Published: January 2018

The truncated life test is usually applied for reducing experiment time. The lifetime of a product is assumed as its quality characteristic, and the sequential sampling (SS) plan is applied in the context of the truncated life test. In SS, the samples are selected from the lot stage by stage. In each stage, the total number of inspected items and the total number of defective items are specified, and then it is decided whether to continue sampling or to make a decision about the lot. A procedure is provided for computing the operation characteristic curve and average sample number (ASN) in the proposed SS plan. Moreover, a repetitive group sampling plan and a double sampling (DS) plan are also designed based on the truncated life test. Performance of the SS plan is compared with the DS plan and repetitive sampling plan. The application of these three sampling plans are illustrated in the industry using a real example. Finally, results of the comparison study indicate that the proposed SS plan has a better performance and could significantly reduce the ASN.
Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Circadian Dysfunction as well as Motor Symptoms in the Q175 Mouse Model of Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Wang Huei-Bin , Loh Dawn H. , Whittaker Daniel S. , Cutler Tamara , Howland David , Colwell Christopher S.
Published: January 2018

Huntington’s disease (HD) patients suffer from a progressive neurodegeneration that results in cognitive, psychiatric, cardiovascular, and motor dysfunction. Disturbances in sleep/wake cycles are common among HD patients with reports of delayed sleep onset, frequent bedtime awakenings, and fatigue during the day. The heterozygous Q175 mouse model of HD has been shown to phenocopy many HD core symptoms including circadian dysfunctions. Because circadian dysfunction manifests early in the disease in both patients and mouse models, we sought to determine if early intervention that improve circadian rhythmicity can benefit HD and delay disease progression. We determined the effects of time-restricted feeding (TRF) on the Q175 mouse model. At six months of age, the animals were divided into two groups: ad libitum (ad lib) and TRF. The TRF-treated Q175 mice were exposed to a 6-h feeding/18-h fasting regimen that was designed to be aligned with the middle of the time when mice are normally active. After three months of treatment (when mice reached the early disease stage), the TRF-treated Q175 mice showed improvements in their locomotor activity rhythm and sleep awakening time. Furthermore, we found improved heart rate variability (HRV), suggesting that their autonomic nervous system dysfunction was improved. Importantly, treated Q175 mice exhibited improved motor performance compared to untreated Q175 controls, and the motor improvements were correlated with improved circadian output. Finally, we found that the expression of several HD-relevant markers was restored to WT levels in the striatum of the treated mice using NanoString gene expression assays.
The Republic of Moldova as a Potential Failing State?
Authors: Kosárová Dominika , Ušiak Jaroslav
Published: January 2018

The Republic of Moldova is a young post-Soviet country facing a continuous internal struggle in the definition of its identity given its location between two major geopolitical blocs – Euroatlantic and Eurasian. In consequence to the combination of several internal and external factors it has striven to stabilize its political scene, sustain economic growth and enhance defense capabilities since its creation. Yet the success is questionable and Moldova today manifests certain features of state fragility. The aim of the article is to answer the question whether Moldova can be regarded as a failing state and if so, which areas in terms of sectoral security are stricken the most by state fragility. The authors point to the shortcomings that Moldova exhibits in political, economic and military sectors of security and concludes that potential failure of Moldova may have serious geopolitical consequences given the interests of external actors, especially Russia. The authors also suggest that the future development of Moldova will depend to a large extent on the attitude and role of the European Union in regard to the stabilization of the state
The Use of Wood Biomass in the Regional System of Renewable Energy Sources as a Chance for the Region
Authors: Kluczkowski Andrzej
Published: January 2018

The world needs energy. It is an obvious truth you do not need to prove. The modern world needs the electricity. With advancing civilization and the rate of consumption, and the demand for electricity is growing. At the same time, conventional resources are running out. This situation leads to the search for new renewable sources of energy. Therefore a crucial role of forests should be taken into consideration. The study shows that, in the relatively short term, the wood biomass (mainly forest) will play a significant role in the regional energy system
Comparison of Various Nuclear Localization Signal-Fused Cas9 Proteins and Cas9 mRNA for Genome Editing in Zebrafish
Authors: Hu Peinan , Zhao Xueying , Zhang Qinghua , Li Weiming , Zu Yao
Published: January 2018

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system has been proven to be an efficient and precise genome editing technology in various organisms. However, the gene editing efficiencies of Cas9 proteins with a nuclear localization signal (NLS) fused to different termini and Cas9 mRNA have not been systematically compared. Here, we compared the ability of Cas9 proteins with NLS fused to the N-, C-, or both the N- and C-termini and N-NLS-Cas9-NLS-C mRNA to target two sites in the tyr gene and two sites in the gol gene related to pigmentation in zebrafish. Phenotypic analysis revealed that all types of Cas9 led to hypopigmentation in similar proportions of injected embryos. Genome analysis by T7 Endonuclease I (T7E1) assays demonstrated that all types of Cas9 similarly induced mutagenesis in four target sites. Sequencing results further confirmed that a high frequency of indels occurred in the target sites (tyr1 > 66%, tyr2 > 73%, gol1 > 50%, and gol2 > 35%), as well as various types (more than six) of indel mutations observed in all four types of Cas9-injected embryos. Furthermore, all types of Cas9 showed efficient targeted mutagenesis on multiplex genome editing, resulting in multiple phenotypes simultaneously. Collectively, we conclude that various NLS-fused Cas9 proteins and Cas9 mRNAs have similar genome editing efficiencies on targeting single or multiple genes, suggesting that the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing is highly dependent on guide RNAs (gRNAs) and gene loci. These findings may help to simplify the selection of Cas9 for gene editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.
The ABC Transporter Eato Promotes Cell Clearance in the Drosophila melanogaster Ovary
Authors: Santoso Clarissa S , Meehan Tracy L , Peterson Jeanne S , Cedano Tiara M , Turlo Christopher V , McCall Kimberly
Published: January 2018

The clearance of dead cells is a fundamental process in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Genetic studies in Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and mammals have identified two evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways that act redundantly to regulate this engulfment process: the ced-1/-6/-7 and ced-2/-5/-12 pathways. Of these engulfment genes, only the ced-7/ABCA1 ortholog remains to be identified in D. melanogaster. Homology searches have revealed a family of putative ced-7/ABCA1 homologs encoding ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in D. melanogaster. To determine which of these genes functions similarly to ced-7/ABCA1, we analyzed mutants for engulfment phenotypes in oogenesis, during which nurse cells (NCs) in each egg chamber undergo programmed cell death (PCD) and are removed by neighboring phagocytic follicle cells (FCs). Our genetic analyses indicate that one of the ABC transporter genes, which we have named Eato (Engulfment ABC Transporter in the ovary), is required for NC clearance in the ovary and acts in the same pathways as drpr, the ced-1 ortholog, and in parallel to Ced-12 in the FCs. Additionally, we show that Eato acts in the FCs to promote accumulation of the transmembrane receptor Drpr, and promote membrane extensions around the NCs for their clearance. Since ABCA class transporters, such as CED-7 and ABCA1, are known to be involved in lipid trafficking, we propose that Eato acts to transport membrane material to the growing phagocytic cup for cell corpse clearance. Our work presented here identifies Eato as the ced-7/ABCA1 ortholog in D. melanogaster, and demonstrates a role for Eato in Drpr accumulation and phagocytic membrane extensions during NC clearance in the ovary.
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Infants Undergoing Meningitis Evaluation
Authors: Cruz Andrea T. , Freedman Stephen B. , Kulik Dina M. , Okada Pamela J. , Fleming Alesia H. , Mistry Rakesh D. , Thomson Joanna E. , Schnadower David , Arms Joseph L. , Mahajan Prashant , Garro Aris C. , Pruitt Christopher M. , Balamuth Fran , Uspal Neil G. , Aronson Paul L. , Lyons Todd W. , Thompson Amy D. , Curtis Sarah J. , Ishimine Paul T. , Schmidt Suzanne M. , Bradin Stuart A. , Grether-Jones Kendra L. , Miller Aaron S. , Louie Jeffrey , Shah Samir S. , Nigrovic Lise E. ,   the HSV Study Group of the Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND:

Although neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a potentially devastating infection requiring prompt evaluation and treatment, large-scale assessments of the frequency in potentially infected infants have not been performed.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of infants ≤60 days old who had cerebrospinal fluid culture testing performed in 1 of 23 participating North American emergency departments. HSV infection was defined by a positive HSV polymerase chain reaction or viral culture. The primary outcome was the proportion of encounters in which HSV infection was identified. Secondary outcomes included frequency of central nervous system (CNS) and disseminated HSV, and HSV testing and treatment patterns.

RESULTS:

Of 26 533 eligible encounters, 112 infants had HSV identified (0.42%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35%–0.51%). Of these, 90 (80.4%) occurred in weeks 1 to 4, 10 (8.9%) in weeks 5 to 6, and 12 (10.7%) in weeks 7 to 9. The median age of HSV-infected infants was 14 days (interquartile range: 9–24 days). HSV infection was more common in 0 to 28-day-old infants compared with 29- to 60-day-old infants (odds ratio 3.9; 95% CI: 2.4–6.2). Sixty-eight (0.26%, 95% CI: 0.21%–0.33%) had CNS or disseminated HSV. The proportion of infants tested for HSV (35%; range 14%–72%) and to whom acyclovir was administered (23%; range 4%–53%) varied widely across sites.

CONCLUSIONS:

An HSV infection was uncommon in young infants evaluated for CNS infection, particularly in the second month of life. Evidence-based approaches to the evaluation for HSV in young infants are needed.
Inisiasi Tunas Kokoleceran (Vatica bantamensis) pada Berbagai Jenis Media Tanam dan Konsentrasi BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) Secara In Vitro
Authors: Sudiyanti Sri , Rusbana Tubagus Bahtiar , Susiyanti Susiyanti
Published: January 2018

Kokoleceran (Vatica bantamensis) is an endemic plant of Banten which is only in Ujung Kulon, and has been designated as identity of Banten province. Now the existence of Kokoleceran has been endangered. Based on data from the IUCN, since 1998 there has been no research. Kokoleceran initiation needs technology for preventing from the extinction. One of the mass propagation is through the technique culture in vitro. This research aimed to get the precise medium and BAP concentration for Kokoleceran, and knowing the response of Kokoleceran growth in in vitro. This research was done in November 2015 until March 2016 at the Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Agroecotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Serang, Banten. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) two factors. The first factor was medium that were MS and WPM media. The second factor was BAP concentration which consisted of four levels namely 0 mg L-1, 1 mg L-1, 2 mg L-1, and 3 mg L-1. The results showed that the use of different media and BAP concentrations had no impact on the time appear of shoot, shoot number, and root number. There was effect from both treatments on medium color, and growing of callus on the explants.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Aplikasi Jamur Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Lem Perangkap, dan Insektisida Imidakloprid terhadap Empoasca sp.
Authors: Fauziah Fani , Sucherman Odih
Published: January 2018

In order to obtain an effective and efficient control method in integrated pest management, a research to know the effectiveness of combination treatments on Empoasca sp. on tea plant had been conducted. The trial was carried out at Gambung Experimental Station (1,250 masl) and designed in Randomized Complete Block design (RCB), with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment tested comprised with A. Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Pfr); B. sticky trap (ST); C. imidacloprid (I); D. Pfr + ST; E. Pfr + I; F. ST + I; G. Pfr + ST + I; and H. control. Pfr multiplied in rice medium 2.5 kg ha-1 and imidacloprid 0.125 L ha-1 were sprayed, while sticky trap was set in the middle of 5 m x 5 m plot. The parameters observed were attack intensity of Empoasca sp., population of Empoasca sp, and tea shoot production. The results showed that after 3 times application of all treatments revealed a decrease in the attack intensity of Empoasca sp. After the fourth application, combination treatment of sticky trap (ST) + imidacloprid (I) consistently showed higher efficacy than other treatments. In the sixth observation, the average of Empoasca sp. attack intensity of combination treatment (ST + I) was 15.95% with an average population of 0.67 Empoasca sp. per plot. In the meantime, tea shoot production was 33.64% higher compared with control.
Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Jaringan Meristem Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Kultivar Katumi Secara In Vitro
Authors: Purba Lamro , Suminar Erni , Sobardini Denny , Rizky Wieny , Mubarok Syariful
Published: January 2018

This study aimed for knowing and obtaining the best concentration of kinetin and NAA interaction effects in influencing the shoot induction, knowing how the plant growth regulators in induction mediastill affect the shoot additionin the MS0media and also knowing the largest number of roots in rooting media for shallot by in vitro. The experiment was conducted at Laboratory of Tissue Culture Seed Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, during January 2011 until May 2011. This experiment divided in 3 stages, namely shoot induction stage, shoot subculture to MS0 media stage and shoot subculture to rooting media stage. Experimental method used in the shoot induction stage was factorial Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The first factor was the kinetin with four levels,0, 1, 2, and 3 mg L-1. The second factor was the NAA with three levels, as 0, 0.01, and 0.1 mg L-1. Basic media used for each treatment was MS. The experiment result showed there was an interaction between kinetin and NAA on shoot induction stagewith the plantlet height, leaf number, and shoot addition. The best result for leaf number was gained from interaction with 2 mg L-1 kinetin without NAA,while the treatment of 2 mg L-1 kinetin with 0.01 mg L-1 NAA gave a better interaction for theshoot addition variable.
Kerentanan dan Kerusakan Beras terhadap Serangan Hama Pascapanen Sitophilus zeamais L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Hendrival Hendrival , Mayasari Eva
Published: January 2018

Damage on rice during storage including damage on quantity and quality is caused by Sitophilus zeamais. The study aim was to evaluate the susceptibility and damage of rice from various rice varieties to the attacks of S. zeamais. Types of rice used in the research were varieties of IR64, IR65, IR66, Ciherang, Mekongga, Rojolele, and Sintanur. The method was with no-choice assay with observed variables were F1 progeny number, the median of development time and rice damage. The results showed that the rice type had different levels on susceptibility to S. zeamais. Rice from IR65, Mekongga, Rojolele, and Sintanur varieties were classified as moderate to susceptible varieties, while IR64 and IR66 were classified as moderate varieties and Ciherang was classified as susceptible variety. A high rice damage occured in the type of rice classified of susceptible to S. zeamais. There was a significant negative correlation between susceptibility index of rice with dimensions of rice width (r = -0.75*, P <0.05) and median of development time of S. zeamais (r = -0.78*, P <0.05) and positive correlation with number of F1 S. zeamais (r = 0.86**, P <0.01) and the percentage of rice powder (r = 0.71**, P <0.01). Rice that is easily attacked by postharvest pest insects should not be stored for long period of time.