bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcome following removal of TPLO implants with surgical site infection
Authors: Beale B. , Murtaugh R. , Swiderski-Hazlett J. , Unis M. , Savicky R.
Published: April 2013

Objective To evaluate the outcome of surgical site infection (SSI) associated with tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) implants following treatment by medical management alone or implant removal with or without the administration of antibiotic medication.

Animals Ninety dogs (104 TPLO surgical procedures).

Methods Records of dogs that had undergone TPLO implant removal due to SSI were reviewed. Outcome following treatment with antibiotic medications without implant removal, and treatment with implant removal with and without the administration of antibiotic medications was evaluated.

Results Treatment of SSI with antibiotic medication alone failed in 88.9% (64/72) of the dogs. The clinical signs of SSI resolved in 94.9% (74/78) of the dogs treated with implant removal (with and without the administration of antibiotic medication postimplant removal). The effect of administration of antibiotic medication on outcome of treatment of the SSI by implant removal was not significant. The rate of SSI associated with the Synthes implant was higher than with the Slocum implant, but not the New Generation implant.

Conclusion Implant removal with or without the administration of antibiotic medication post-implant removal for treatment of TPLO SSI provided superior outcome compared to treatment with antibiotic medications without implant removal.

Clinical significance Implant removal should be considered for TPLO SSI that have not responded to appropriate medical management. Further investigation of the various TPLO implants and their effects on postoperative infection rate is warranted.
Biomechanical strength of two laparoscopic herniorrhaphy techniques in a cadaveric diaphragm and in a neoprene model
Authors: Fugazzi R. W. , Davis H. M. , Gay J. P. , Fransson B. A.
Published: April 2013

Objectives: Our objectives were to 1) Biomechanically compare two laparoscopic repair techniques; an automated suturing device and a stapling device to conventional open suturing, and 2) Evaluate a model for canine diaphragmatic tissue by comparisons to similar constructs in fresh diaphragms. We hypothesized that automated suturing is biomechanically superior to laparoscopic stapling in dogs, and that neoprene defect repair is an acceptable model for experimental cadaveric diaphragm herniorrhaphy.

Materials and methods: Samples of diaphragm pars costalis were prepared with defects mimicking radial muscular tears. Defects were repaired using conventional open suturing, laparoscopic automated suturing, and laparoscopic stapling techniques. Similar defects were created in 6.35 mm thick single-sided neoprene. Samples were biomechanically tested across a biaxial loading machine. Site and mode of failure were noted for all samples.

Results: In both the diaphragm muscle and neoprene, the laparoscopic stapling technique was significantly weaker. The neoprene model showed a similar failure load as the diaphragm in both laparoscopic techniques, and a similar stiffness in an open-sutured and stapled diaphragm compared to the neoprene samples. Site and mode of failure in neoprene were similar to cadaveric diaphragmatic tissue, but the overall median load-to-failure was higher for the neoprene.

Conclusion: The strength of laparoscopically repaired simulated diaphragmatic hernias was higher with an automated suture technique than with a stapling technique. Neoprene defect repair is an acceptable model of canine diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy for biomechanical testing.
Traumatic fibrotic myopathy of the tensor fascia lata muscle in a Whippet
Authors: Parry A. , Gemmill T. , Kalff S.
Published: April 2013

A two-year-old female neutered Whippet was referred for evaluation of progressive right pelvic limb lameness. Clinical examination revealed a fibrous band palpable along the cranial aspect of the quadriceps muscle group, and signs of discomfort on extension of the right hip. Computed tomography and ultrasonographic examination revealed mineralization of the tensor fascia lata muscle with enthesophytosis of its origin. Surgical exploration confirmed a fibrous band affecting the cranial border of the tensor fascia lata muscle. Resection of the band resulted in complete resolution of clinical signs. Histopathology was consistent with a fibrotic myopathy. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case of a fibrotic myopathy affecting the tensor fascia lata muscle in the dog.
Digne parce qu'il souffre
Authors: Delsol Chantal
Published: April 2013

La dignité humaine fondée sur une ontologie et une histoire sacrée a laissé place à l’âge moderne à une dignité fondée sur des caractéristiques. Pour les contemporains, cette caractéristique est la sensibilité. Ainsi le mal est-il réduit au malheur, ce qui traduit une volonté de rendre subjectif le critère du respect. La souffrance comme caprice ennobli.
« Éveil à l'impensé de notre vieillissement »
Authors: Bensaid Hugues
Published: April 2013

Aborder l’humain non pas comme celui qui habite le monde, y travaille, le connaît, mais comme celui qui y vieillit , s’y retire, se défait de sa condition d’être, de son intér-essement . Retrait signifiant déjà, de par l’attente et la patience du temps, comme un « après vous Monsieur », comme une déposition du moi pour l’autre, un « se livrer », éthique première. La rencontre des œuvres de Levinas, de La Métamorphose de Kafka, et de l’expérience gériatrique invitent à repenser le vieillissement à la fois comme modalité du psychisme et éveil éthique de l’homme.
« La contention ? Mais on ne peut pas faire autrement ! »
Authors: Quentin Bertrand
Published: April 2013

La contention des personnes âgées a toujours existé afin, dit-on, de les protéger. Mais Marie-Christine Bloch-Ory va jusqu’à parler d’un « paradigme français de la contention », ancré dans les habitudes. Par-delà la légitime protection de personnes qui peuvent se mettre en danger, l’article vise à envisager un regard décentré qui nous ouvre d’autres pistes.
« La bru du Pakistan »
Authors: Dutoya Virginie
Published: April 2013

En 2010, le mariage d'une sportive Indienne et d'un Pakistanais a suscité des débats passionnés en Inde et au Pakistan. Vécue comme une trahison par les nationalistes indiens, cette union a été célébrée comme une victoire au Pakistan, mais aussi comme une opportunité de rapprochement entre les deux nations. Ces débats soulignent l'imbrication des notions de famille et de patrie, ainsi que la nature sexuée de la relation entre les deux pays. Replacée dans ses contextes historique et légal, cette affaire met en lumière le rôle joué par les représentations de genre dans la construction des projets nationaux indien et pakistanais. L'autonomie sexuelle des femmes y est simultanément perçue comme un signe de « modernité » et comme une menace pour l'intégrité de la nation. La relation indo-pakistanaise, marquée par le legs colonial, révèle alors l'ambivalence d'un «?nationalisme sexuel?» qui conjugue la défense des droits des femmes avec le contrôle de leur sexualité.
Le Kazanistan : l'utopie orientale de John Rawls
Authors: Hatzenberger Antoine
Published: April 2013

Résumé Dans le cadre d'une réflexion sur le concept d'utopie réaliste dans la pensée des relations internationales, John Rawls proposait avec Le Droit des peuples (1999) « l'exemple d'un peuple hiérarchique décent musulman imaginaire ». Comment ce peuple « hypothétique » est-il décrit ? Quel est son statut théorique ? Ce « peuple musulman idéalisé » est-il toujours une utopie?
L'État contre lui-même
Authors: Barroche Julien
Published: April 2013

Résumé L'État contre lui-même. Penser l'État en Europe après le totalitarisme : la contribution du concept de subsidiarité mc Notre ambition a consisté à interroger le concept de subsidiarité en procédant à sa contextualisation sémantique. À rebours des généalogies officielles qui attribuent la notion à Aristote puis restituent imperturbablement les mêmes étapes intermédiaires jusqu'à nos jours (Thomas d'Aquin, Althusius, Tocqueville), ce travail veut démontrer que la subsidiarité s'enracine dans un passé récent et circonscrit. À cette fin, nous avons reconstitué deux configurations principales de la vie discursive du concept : 1) la subsidiarité comme pièce maîtresse de la doctrine sociale de l'Église ; 2) la subsidiarité comme pièce maîtresse de la gouvernance fédérale de l'Europe. Fort de ce repérage, nous avons pu mettre au jour une série d'homologies structurelles qui, une fois stylisées, se sont toutes distinguées par la stigmatisation d'un même objet polémique : l'État. Leur exploitation théorique a ensuite permis de cerner quelques-unes des principales passerelles idéologiques entre les phobies chrétienne et européenne de l'État. Au principe de cette statophobie  : un travestissement totalitaire de l'institution étatique, et une expérience traumatique, celle de l'Allemagne hitlérienne, à la fois champ d'adversité et laboratoire historique contre lesquels émergera le fédéralisme européen.
La iglesia de Santo Domingo de La Iruela (Jaén). Excavación y Arqueología de la arquitectura
Authors: Salvatierra Cuenca Vicente , Montilla Torres Irene , Navarro Pérez Mercedes
Published: April 2013

En este artículo presentamos los resultados de la intervención arqueológica efectuada en la iglesia de Santo Domingo de La Iruela (Jaén). Las excavaciones han permitido comprobar que antes del edificio actual, levantado en el siglo XVI, existió otro, que quizá también tuvo funciones religiosas. El análisis estratigráfico de los restos emergentes ha demostrado que el último edificio se construyó en un solo momento, aunque se emplearon materiales muy diferentes en la cabecera y en las naves, lo que abre la puerta a diversas interpretaciones. Por otra parte se ha comprobado que entre los siglos XVII y XVIII debió comenzar el deterioro del edificio. La última fase viene representada por su desacralización y uso como cementerio, acción que ha provocado graves daños en sus paramentos.
Construcción de la base gráfica para un sistema de información y gestión del patrimonio arquitectónico: Casa de Hylas
Authors: Angulo Fornos Roque
Published: April 2013

La experiencia profesional y el contacto con especialistas en la materia ponen de manifiesto una problemática acuciante en el terreno del conocimiento y gestión del patrimonio arquitectónico: la tendencia a la dispersión de la información obtenida desde los distintos ámbitos –administración, comunidad científica y profesionales de la arquitectura– y disciplinas intervinientes –arqueólogos, historiadores, arquitectos, etc.–, generando graves situaciones de pérdidas o duplicidades de datos. Esa realidad ha revertido en la falta de eficiencia en la programación y ejecución de las diversas actividades de mantenimiento, conservación e intervención en estas arquitecturas, así como en el despilfarro de importantes labores investigadoras que dificulta la divulgación y, por tanto, el conocimiento de las mismas. Como posible solución a dicha problemática este artículo describe una experiencia que pretende establecer las bases para la construcción de una herramienta que, basada en un modelo infográfico, sea capaz de contener y gestionar toda la información generada sobre un monumento histórico, facilitando relaciones de transversalidad entre los distintos análisis que abordan el conocimiento del edificio. En este caso, el análisis de los aspectos constructivos y de conservación de uno de los inmuebles del Conjunto Arqueológico de Itálica es el que ha aportado contenido a esta herramienta todavía en estado de gestación, estableciendo así los conocimientos básicos para su gestión y conservación.
Apuntes sobre la arquitectura de los hogares y hornos domésticos altomedievales del centro de la península Ibérica (siglos V-VIII d.C.)
Authors: Vigil-Escalera Guirado Alfonso
Published: April 2013

El presente trabajo reclama la atención sobre la arquitectura de las estructuras de combustión de carácter doméstico (hogares y hornos) presentes en los asentamientos rurales de los primeros siglos altomedievales en el centro peninsular. A través de un somero repaso de las principales características de las mismas, tal y como se desprende de la documentación de un puñado de yacimientos de distinta cronología, se exponen los principales problemas de identificación de este tipo de estructuras y algunas posibilidades de categorización morfológica. Finalmente se apunta la relevancia y necesidad de una adecuada sistematización e interpretación de estas estructuras con objeto de comprender el funcionamiento del espacio doméstico campesino en su conjunto y su proceso de transformación a lo largo del tiempo.
Reconnaissance Attack on IPv6 to IPv4 Tunneling
Authors: Bahama Nazrulazhar , Prabuwono Anton Satria , Mantoro Teddy
Published: April 2013

Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is created to occupy the insufficient current Internet addresses. Consequently this significant contribution offers huge number of Internet addresses. Besides, the security also has been improved to challenge today threats in competent on IPv6 network. As alternative, an automatic tunneling was introduced along with other transition mechanisms to ensure smooth implementation on existing network. However, it’s believed that the implementation of automatic tunneling has altered the form of the IPv4 threats. Then the gained information from this mechanism is exploited to attempt the target network. As a concern, this paper thoroughly describes on potential of reconnaissance attack reach through automatic tunneling named 6to4 Tunneling. The preference development tools and networking defense mechanism suite, is setup to conduct proposed attack method under 6to4 tunnel testbed environment. As a result, the attacking method is feasible to attempt and 6to4 tunnel showed their influence on the achievement of DoS attack in current internet.
Effects of Web Accessibility on Search Engines and Webometrics Ranking
Authors: Ayu Media Anugerah , Elgharabawy Mohamed Ahmed
Published: April 2013

Previous researches have highlighted the importance of web accessibility of a website. Its importance has made the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) come up with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) as a guideline for developing an accessible website. Amongst websites available in the web wide world, many of them are fall under the education institution website category. These education institution websites are mostly the first door that people will go to visit to get information about education services and courses provided by the institution. Thus, to be accessible is an essential issue for these websites. Another issue that gets much attention in the current competitive internet world is to be visible by popular search engines and ranked at their top lists. For higher learning institutions there is an online ranking that they like to be in the top list, i.e. Webometrics. This paper attempts to address those two issues of web accessibility and being at the top list. It presents a study that investigates whether web accessibility has a contributing effect to ranking position in Webometrics and popular search engines. The research covers websites from higher learning institutions and education domains. Three popular search engines are used in this research, i.e. Google, Yahoo! and Bing. The study produces interesting results that would be useful as a guide for higher learning institutions that want to improve their online ranking.
The Effects of Water Content towards the Packaging Properties of Paper Made from Coconut Coir
Authors: Othman Mohd Hilmi , Hasan Sulaiman , Ibrahim Md Zin
Published: April 2013

This research is about an attempt to evaluate the effect of water contents towards the packaging properties of paper made from coconut coir, which was being processed manually through beating times method. The purpose of this investigation is to relate the composition of coconut fibre and water content with the tensile strength and tear factor. The composition starts from sample A, which has 90% of water and 10% of coconut fibre. The sample continues with 10% decreasing content of water and 10% increment of coconut coir. Base on tensile test and tear test results, graphs were plotted and it shows sample D, with 60% of water and 40% of coconut coir has produced the highest tensile strength, breaking length and tensile index, with the value of 1020.6 N/m, 422.8 m and 4.1450 Nm/g respectively. On the other hand, sample A produced the highest tear factor, with the value of 92.7 g/mm2. As a conclusion, these packaging properties are good enough to become guidance in paper manufacturing industry, as well as to support the application of coconut coir fibre as an alternative packaging material in the future.
The Effect of Parameter Setting towards the Processing of Hinges Test Samples through Cadmould 3D-F Injection Moulding Simulation
Authors: Othman Mohd Hilmi , Hasan Sulaiman , Rasli Suriati
Published: April 2013

The objective of this study is to analyze the main parameter setting in injection moulding that influenced the processing of selected thermoplastics components. The test sample used for this project was a hinge made from Polypropylene (PP). This sample was being utilised to analyse the parameters affecting the quality of plastic products, which were warpage and shrinkage. Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) was applied through CadMould 3D-F simulation software. The processing parameters such as filling time, melt temperature, wall temperature and cooling time were selected to determine the quality of the product. By adopting Taguchi Method, the orthogonal array, Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratio and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to find the optimum levels as well as to indicate the impact of the process parameters on warpage and shrinkage. The verification test was also performed to prove the effectiveness of Taguchi technique after the optimum levels of process parameters. The ANOVA results show that cooling time and wall temperature are found to be the most significant factors for shrinkage and warpage, with the contribution of 66.96% and 56.82% respectively. The verification test with the optimal settings shows that warpage were improved by about 0.4% and shrinkage with 4.2% improvement. These findings are useful for production engineer to determine optimal parameter during performing injection moulding on hinges products.
Life Cycle Assessment of Membrane System for Wastewater Treatment: A Review and Further Research
Authors: Mahmood Salwa , Saman Muhamad Zameri Mat , Noordin Mohd Yusof
Published: April 2013

Membrane technology has received increasing attention for the treatment of wastewaters lately. The use of membrane system showed high demand in industries. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) will be used to evaluate the environmental impacts of membrane system from raw materials, continues with product development and manufacturing, and finally ends when all materials are returned to earth. This paper presents a review of researchers on LCA, membrane manufacture and application to suggest corresponding further research direction. A methodology for sustainable assessment will be developed for membrane system for wastewater treatment for small and medium enterprise (SME).
Selecting a CNC Machine Tool Using the Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS Approach for FMC
Authors: Tho Nguyen Huu , Md Dawal Siti Zawiah , Yusoff Nukman , Tahriri Farzad , Aoyama Hideki
Published: April 2013

Decision making for machine tool selection is intractable work of managers due to the factors involving the vague and imprecise information. The degree of hesitation is considered in the experts judgment. In this paper, an integration of the intuitionistic fuzzy (IF) Entropy and TOPSIS method are utilized to solve the vague information for decision-making process in machine tool selection. In particular, the weights of criteria are calculated by the IF Entropy and the TOPSIS is employed to determine the priority of alternative. The results of the numerical example show this integration is practical and easy to use for engineers and managers in the companies.
Effect of Different Filler Materials in the Development of Bipolar Plate Composite for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)
Authors: Ahmad Mohd Shakir , Selamat Mohd Zulkefli , bin Daud Mohd Ahadlin , Mohamad Yunus Indera Kasuma , Azman Mohd Syafiq
Published: April 2013

In Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), bipolar plate is considered one of the most important components. Bipolar plate has a multi-functional in the fuel cell stack. The materials used in producing bipolar plate are greatly affecting its final properties. Through this study, the properties of bipolar plate composite will be observed. The based composition of this composite is 80% for multi-filler material and 20% binder material. Polypropylene (PP) will be used as binder material and for filler materials, Graphite (Gr) is the main filler and for the second filler materials its will vary with the usage of Carbon Black (CB), Iron (Fe), and Aluminum (Al) powder. The formation of this composite is produced through compression molding. The effect of different filler material loading on the properties such as electrical conductivity, bulk density and shore hardness are observed. The result showed the increasing of electrical conductivity as the increased the CB and Fe loading. But for Al, the result showed the decreasing of electrical conductivity as the loading of Al has been increased. Meanwhile the usage of CB clearly shown an improvement in electrical conductivity and able to meet the DOE target properties for development of PEMFC bipolar plate.
The Integration of HOQ and Fuzzy-AHP for Design Concept Evaluation
Authors: Turan Faiz Mohd , Omar Badrul
Published: April 2013

Design concept evaluation plays a critical role in the early phases of product development as it has significant impact on the downstream development processes as well as on the success of the product developed. In this paper, a novel methodology has been developed involving two stages. The preliminary stage is screening all the criteria from different viewpoints using HOQ. The second stage uses Fuzzy-AHP to obtain the alternatives weight. This method will give the designers more effective, objective and relevant information in order to make the final decision. A case example from industry is presented to demonstrate efficacy of the proposed methodology. The result of the example shows that the integration of HOQ and Fuzzy-AHP provided a novel alternative of existing methods to perform design concept evaluation.
Scramjet Flow and Intake SBLI: Technical Challenges and Case Study
Authors: Yao Yu Feng
Published: April 2013

This paper reviews some basic research areas associated with Scramjet-powered hypersonic flying vehicle, particularly the forebody boundary-layer transition and intake shock-wave boundary-layer interactions (SBLI). Some technical and physical challenges in aerodynamics, aero-thermodynamics, aero-design are visited with focuses being placed on hypersonic boundary-layer transition process and its underlying physical mechanics, feasible physics-based engineering transition prediction methods, and physics-based modelling of shock-shock, shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions of Scramjet flows. Experimental, analytical and numerical studies of previously relevant studies have also been summarized with a total of twelve transition/intake configurations that can be used as benchmarks for validating physical model development and numerical simulation tools. A case study of Scramjet intake SBLI has been carried out by using computational fluid dynamics approach to understand shock induced flow separation and its consequent influences on combustion performance, along with research perspectives discussed accordingly.
An Investigation of the Effect of Air Filter Elements on Spark Ignition Engine Performance
Authors: Zain Shukri , Husin Shuib
Published: April 2013

This paper presents the results of an investigation on the effect of air filter elements on the performance of Spark Ignition (SI) engine. Three different types of material; paper, cotton and foam were tested as filtering element in the air filter before the mixing process with fuel in the carburettor. In the experiment, a four-stroke single-cylinder engine was coupled to a 20kW generator dynamometer to measure engine performance parameters; engine torque, engine power (B.P), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) at various engine speeds with maximum engine load. The results show correlation between engine performance and the qualities of filtered air as a function of type of air filter element/material used.
Effects of Pulse Duration and Current on EDM Process of Allegheny Ludlum D2 Tool Steel
Authors: Sulaiman S. , Khan A.A. , Razak M.A. , Ibrahim M.R. , Yusof M.S.
Published: April 2013

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of current on performance of EDM process of Allegheny Ludlum D2 Tool Steel (UNS T30402). The effect of varying the machining parameters on the machining responses such as material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), and surface roughness (Ra) have been investigated. In this study, circular shape of copper was used as an electrode with surface area of 100mm². The experiments were repeated for three different values of pulse duration (100µs, 200µs and 400µs) with combination of three different values of discharge current (12A, 16A and 24A). It was found that the pulse duration and current give significant effect on MRR, EWR and Ra. An increase in the pulse durations causes an increase in the MRR and Ra, but a decrease in the EWR. Meanwhile, the effect of currents on EDM performance shows that the increasing currents led to an increase in the MRR, EWR and Ra.
Performance Study of Waste Heat Driven Pressurized Adsorption Chiller
Authors: Habib Khairul
Published: April 2013

This article presents a transient modeling and performance of a waste heat driven pressurized adsorption chiller. This innovative adsorption chiller employs pitch based activated carbon of type Maxsorb III as adsorbent and R507A as refrigerant as adsorbent-refrigerant pair. This chiller utilizes low-grade heat source to power the cycle. A parametric study has been presented where the effects of adsorption/desorption cycle time, switching time and regeneration temperature on the performance are reported in terms of cooling capacity and coefficient of performance (COP). Results indicate that the adsorption chiller is feasible even when low-temperature heat source is available.
Study of Indoor Air Quality in Academic Buildings of a University
Authors: Sulaiman Shaharin Anwar , Isa Nadrah , Raskan Nina Irsyanizah , Che Harun Noor Farhane
Published: April 2013

ndoor Air Quality in educational environment is very important as it could interfere with the learning process. In this paper, the indoor air quality of selected lecture rooms of different sizes in an academic building was studied, involving measurements of indoor temperature, relative humidity, CO2 level and dust particles. A mixed result was observed on the relative humidity in the rooms. The levels of dust particles were observed acceptable although recorded higher in the small lecture room as compared to the lecture theater. The CO2 content in the lecture theatre was found to be higher than that in the small lecture room, and also exceeded the maximum recommended level. Overall, the results suggested that the lecture theatre needs attention in the aspect of Indoor Air Quality.
Usage of Magnetorheological Damper in Active Front Bumper System for Frontal Impact Protection
Authors: bin Pokaad Alif Zulfakar , Hudha Khisbullah , bin Said Md Radzai
Published: April 2013

In this paper, the effectiveness of the active bumper system to reduce the jerk of a vehicle during collision is discussed. The mathematical model is done by using MATLAB 7.0 to simulate a collision between a pendulum and a vehicle installed with the active bumper system. In the active bumper system, it consists of three parts which are magnetorheological(MR) model, inner controller and outer loop controller. The validated model is used to develop an inner loop controller by implementing a close-loop PI control to track the desired damping force through simulation. The governing equations of motions of vehicle collision and MR damper model are then integrated with the well known control strategy namely skyhook control. The performance of skyhook control is then compared with the vehicle with passive damper and common vehicle by using computer simulation in order to reduce the acceleration and the jerk of the vehicle during collision.
Prediction of the Flow around a Surface-Mounted Cube Using Two-Equation Turbulence Models
Authors: Yazid Afiq Witri Muhammad , Sidik Nor Azwadi Che
Published: April 2013

The flow around surface-mounted cube under neutral atmospheric boundary layer was simulated using two-equation turbulence models. The accuracy of two-equation turbulence models to model the flow fields were compared against fully documented experimental data. To build low computational cost, mesh refinements were investigated through mesh independence study by means of standard wall functions for the near wall treatment. All the two-equations turbulence models are shown to be underpredict the separation length and overpredict the reattachment length near the cube wall. In particular, the standardk-εturbulent scheme shows good agreement with experimental data of streamwise velocity flow along the symmetry plane behind the cube.
An Investigation into Printing Processes and Feasibility Study for RFID Tag Antennas
Authors: Maksud M.I. , Yusof Mohd Sallehuddin , Jamil M. Mahadi Abdul
Published: April 2013

This paper will explain a study of several printing process (screen printing, flexography, gravure and ink jet printing) for RFID antennas transponder. The potential of each process will also be investigated. A current sample of RFID is selected, and the antenna processes have been identified, and the comparison of antenna read range will be exhibited.
Cost Reduction Through Value Engineering Practices in Manufacturing Assembly
Authors: Maksud M.I. , Yusof Mohd Sallehuddin
Published: April 2013

Value Engineering (VE) is important tool to company in global market competition to providing a demand. VE process can provide for company continued growth and prosperity if applied properly. VE is defines as the systematic application of recognized techniques, which identify the function of product or service, establishes a monetary value for that function and provides the necessary function reliability at the lowest overall cost. This paper will presents a process on how to apply VE tools in manufacturing company. Therefore, we would like to study the application of VE approach method and at the same time investigating how much cost reduction can be done. The function of product will be defining and cost reduction is suggested by proposing alternative method to achieve that function. However the function quality is never degrading. The result is showed that 60% cost reduction can be proposed.
Multivariate Process Monitoring and Diagnosis: A Case Study
Authors: Masood Ibrahim , Hassan Adnan
Published: April 2013

In manufacturing industries, monitoring and diagnosis of multivariate process out-of-control condition become more challenging. Process monitoring refers to the identification of process status either it is running within a statistically in-control or out-of-control condition, whereas process diagnosis refers to the identification of the source variables of out-of-control process. In order to achieve these requirements, the application of an appropriate statistical process control framework is necessary for rapidly and accurately identifying the signs and source out-of-contol condition with minimum false alarm. In this research, a framework namely, an Integrated Multivariate Exponentially Weighted Moving Average with Artificial Neural Network was investigated in monitoring-diagnosis of multivariate process mean shifts in manufacturing audio video device component. Based on two-stages monitoring-diagnosis technique, the proposed framework has resulted in efficient performance.
The Effect of Compression Temperature and Time on 2D Woven Kenaf Fiber Reinforced Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)
Authors: bin Saiman Mohd Pahmi , Saidin Wahab , Wahit Mat Uzir
Published: April 2013

A natural fibre-based composite from woven kenaf was fabricated using hydraulic hot press machine. Plain woven kenaf fabrics were prepared and used as reinforced material with ABS sheet followed by hot press. Woven fabric was treated using sodium hydroxide and being compare with untreated fabric. The effect of the processing temperature and time towards tensile properties of the composite were investigated. Tensile test was carried out to measure the strength of the composite towards the effect of processing temperature and time. The surface morphology of the composite was studied with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Optical Microscopic. The result shows that woven Kenaf degrade in strength when expose with high temperature and long exposure to the heat. The permeability of woven Kenaf plain fabric does not indicate a good penetration as observed by microscopy.
Numerical Study on Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Characteristic of Tube Bank with Integral Wake Splitter-Effect of Wake Splitter Length
Authors: Alakashi Abobaker Mohammed , Salleh Hamidon Bin
Published: April 2013

The purpose of this research is to investigate effect of wake splitter to pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics in a tube bank with staggered arrangements. The pressure drop and averaged heat transfer coefficient of seven rows with five tubes in each row with integral wake splitter has been determined by means of 2-D simulation using commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code Fluent. Two type of integral wake splitter length have been studied, 0.5D and 1D with different location. Simulations have been carried out at Reynolds number based on tube diameter from 5000 up to 27800. The results, presented in terms of pressure drop as well as averaged heat transfer coefficient values, show the influence of wake splitter length and direction. By adding 0.5D wake splitter at downstream direction leads to higher averaged heat transfer coefficient and reduction of the pressure drop.
The Influence of Plasma Nitrocarburizing Process Temperature to Commercially Pure Titanium Surface Hardness
Authors: Darmawan Agung Setyo , Siswanto Waluyo Adi , Sujitno Tjipto
Published: April 2013

Commercially pure (cp) titanium is a relative soft metal and easily broken on friction-wear applications. To improve the hardness of the surface while maintaining the original properties, plasma nitrocarburizing process has been conducted. The effects of the treatment in different temperatures to the surface harness are then studied. In this study, cp titanium plasma nitrocarburizing process is conducted at different temperatures with different process time, i.e. at 350 °C for 3, 4, and 5 hours, and at 450 °C for 2, 3, and 4 hours respectively. Hardness tests are then performed on each specimen by using Micro Vickers Hardness Tester. The hardness values for the plasma specimens nitrocarburizing processes at temperature of 350 °C for process duration of 3 hours, 4 hours, and 5 hours are 74.16 HV, 92.25 HV and 94.41 HV, respectively, while for processes at temperature of 450 °C, the hardness values are 103.70 HV, 121.31 HV, and 126.17 HV for process duration of 2 hours, 3 hours, and 4 hours respectively. Hardness value of specimens which are resulted from the plasma nitrocarburizing process at temperature of 450 °C is higher compared with specimens that are processed at temperature of 350 °C.
Determination of Important Parameters and Technical Characteristic for Welding Fumes Index Development by Using QFD Approach
Authors: Hariri Azian , Leman Abdul Mutalib , Yusof Mohammad Zainal M.
Published: April 2013

This paper discussed on the determination of important parameters and technical characteristic for the development of a welding fumes index by using Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach. Welding fumes index is developed with the objective to enhance the welding workplace safety and health. Index simplifies complex health-hazard issues of welding fumes to be comprehended easily by the employees. Questionnaires on welder desire to know the various welding fumes health effects that exist in their workplace were distributed among welders of a selected automotive assembly lines in the state Pahang, Malaysia, during a pilot case study. Results of the questionnaires show that all the customer requirements (irritants effect, sensitizer effects, respiratory system effect, systemic toxin effect, reproductive toxins effect, carcinogen effect, mixture effect) were equally important to the welders. The relationship between the customer (welder) requirement and technical characteristic were established whereby important technical characteristics were shortlisted. Development of welding fumes index according to employees demand will increase the knowledge and awareness on occupational safety and health among employees. The paper provides the main idea on development of welding fumes index taking into consideration the needs of the customer i.e. welder.
The Optimization in Machining AISI 1030 Using Taguchi Method for Dry and Flood Cutting Condition
Authors: Rafai Noor Hakim , Othman Mohd Hilmi , Hasan Sulaiman , Sinnasalam Tharmaah Rao A/L
Published: April 2013

This research is an approach to investigate the effect of cutting condition on surface roughness in dry and flood cutting of AISI 1030. The objectives of this project are to compare the plastic injection mould quality between dry and flood cutting condition, as well as to determine the best cutting condition. The parameters used were depth of cut (0.25mm, 0.5mm, and 1.0mm), feed rate (50mm/rev, 100mm/rev and 150mm/rev) and cutting speed (700m/min, 1400m/min and 2100m/min). Surface roughness value was used to determine to quality characteristic of the machined mould. The experiments were done using Mazak CNC milling machine and the material selected was AISI 1030, which is a medium tensile and low hardenability carbon steel. Twenty-seven runs were done in both dry and flood cutting, adapting Taguchi Method - Orthogonal Array. After each machining, the surface roughness was measured using Mitutoyo Surface Roughness Tester. The data obtained was then analyzed through Signal to Noise Ratio calculation. This analysis produced the best combination of parameters which gives the lowest surface roughness. The best combinations for dry cutting are 2100m/min for cutting speed, 50mm/rev for feed rate and 0.25mmfor depth of cut. As for flood cutting, the best combinations are 2100m/min for cutting speed, 50mm/rev for feed rate and 1.0mm for depth of cut. The surface roughness obtained using this parameter in dry cutting is 0.27Ám and 0.40Ám in flood cutting. From the comparison, it is proved that dry cutting produced lower surface roughness compared to flood cutting.
Effect of High Performance EDM on Surface Characteristics of AISI D2 Hardened Steel
Authors: Hamid Faizul Ezmat Abdul , Lajis Mohd Amri
Published: April 2013

In this paper an attempt has been made to investigate the performance of an electrode made through powder metallurgy (PM) of copper tungsten during electrical discharge machining (EDM). Experimental results are presented on electrical discharge machining of AISI D2 hardened steel in kerosene with a copper tungsten (Cu35% - W65%) tool electrode made through PM method with a constant duty factor of 80%. In terms of high performance EDM process, higher peak current (>20A) and pulse duration (>400µs) with a high machining efficiency were applied. Experimental results have shown that machining at a peak current of 40A and pulse duration of 400µs yields the highest material removal rate (MRR) whereas machining at a peak current of 20A and pulse duration of 400µs yields the lowest tool wear rate (TWR). The surface characteristics of workpiece machined surface become more severe when shorter pulse duration be used at the constant duty factor. The optimum machining performance can be performed by the combination of pulse duration and peak current at 400µs and 40A respectively since the effect of TWR is so small at the varied parameters even at the highest MRR.
Effect of Pouring Temperature on Microstructure Properties of Al-Si LM6 Alloy Sand Casting
Authors: Ahmad Rosli , Talib N.A. , Asmael M.B.A.
Published: April 2013

In the present paper an experimental investigation on green sand casting of Al-Si cast alloy (LM6) has been conducted. The main objectives of the research were the effect of pouring temperature on microstructure property of green sand casting Al-Si LM6 Alloy. The high quality of The LM6 alloy was investigated by controlling the pouring temperature. The pattern was flat like and pouring was done with four different temperatures 630, 660, 690 and 720Cº. The obtained results showed that the pouring temperature has a significant influence on the quality of green sand casting of LM6 Al-Si alloy. The lower pouring temperature provides finer microstructure with fewer defects such as porosity.
The Effect of Sliding Speed on Friction and Wear of RBD Palm Olein
Authors: Syahrullail Samion , Wira Jazair Yahya , Wan Nik W.B. , Tiong Chiong Ing
Published: April 2013

In this paper, the effect of sliding speed on the anti-friction of RBD palm olein was investigated using four-ball tribotester. The speeds were varied from 800 to 1400 rpm. The normal load was set to 40 kg and the test oil was heated up to 75 °C before the experiments. The result showed that palm olein has low friction coefficient compared to additive-free paraffinic mineral oil.
Development of Wood-Based Composites Material for 3D Printing Process
Authors: Saidin Wahab , Wagiman Abdullah , Ibrahim Mustaffa
Published: April 2013

This paper presents the development of wood-based composites material for 3D Printing process. The aim is to characterize the waste material from wood powder (WD) as an alternative material and low cost production for rapid prototyping product. The powder blends containing wood powder (90-120µm) with commercial ZP102 material from Z Corporation was used as the composite material. The materials were mechanically blended to produce composition of WD/ZP102(vol.%) 25:70, 50:50 and 75:25 respectively. The material was successfully processed on 3D printers machine, to produce three-dimensional components and followed by post-treatment with ZMax solution to enhance the mechanical properties. The mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the components were evaluated and the results were compared with the standard ZP102 material. The result shows that the mechanical properties improved with the increased of wood powder content up to 50 (vol.%). However, dimensional accuracy and surface quality were decreased as the wood content increased. Further work on powder preparation is continued for surface quality improvement.
Boron Doping Effects on the Structural and Optical Properties of Sol-Gel Transparent ZnO Films
Authors: Rattanachan Sirirat T. , Krongarrom P. , Fangsuwannarak Thipwan
Published: April 2013

In this study, undoped and B-doped ZnO thin films were successfully deposited on the glass substrates by a sol-gel spin coating method. The influence of doping concentrations and the annealing temperature effects on the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films were investigated. All of films exhibited polycrystalline structure, with a preferential growth along the c-axis plane and the optical transparency with visible transmittance was higher than 90%. The crystallite size was calculated using a well-known Scherrer’s formula and found to be in the range of 11-18 nm. The optical band gap of these films were determined and compared with those obtained for undoped ZnO thin film.
Structural and Magnetic Studies of Zn Doped LaRh1-2xCu2xO3
Authors: Awin L. A. , Kennedy Brendan J. , Avdeev M.
Published: April 2013

Two series of Zn doped Rh perovskites LaRh1-2xCux ZnxO3 and La0.75Pb0.25Rh1-2xCuxZnxO3 (0≤ x ≤0.25) were synthesised by solid-state methods and their crystallographic, magnetic, and electric properties investigated. Both series have an orthorhombic perovskite-type structure in space group Pbnm. The increase in Zn content has an obvious impact on the electron delocalisation in which the shift in the average valency of Cu and Rh (+2.5 and +3.5) has resulted in a reduction in cell volumes and an increase in the effective magnetic moments. The Curie–Weiss magnetization curves measured between 5-300K are indicative of antiferromagnetism. The addition of Pb to the A- site decreases the conductivity as anticipated.
The Microwave Dielectric Materials of (Zn1-xMgx)TiNb2O8 for Electroceramics Devices Applications
Authors: Huang Cheng Liang , Huang Sen Hung , Lee Ruei Zhung
Published: April 2013

The microwave dielectric properties of ZnTiNb2O8 ( ~34, Qf ~42,500GHz, ~ –52ppm/°C) was reported by Hong et. al. To lower the dielectric loss of ZnTiNb2O8, we studied the systems of (Zn1-xMgx)TiNb2O8 (x=0.02-0.1) ceramics. The manner of equivalent-charge trace substitutions for Zn2+-sites were replaced with Mg2+. In order to achieve more stability, CaTiO3 ( ~ +800ppm/°C) was used to adjust the negative τf of (Zn0.95Mg0.05)TiNb2O8 ( ~ –58ppm/°C). A bandpass filter using coupled microstrip-line resonators have been designd for wireless LAN system such as IEEE 802.11 ( 2.4 or 5 GHz). The response of the implemented filter used 0.8(Zn0.95Mg0.05)TiNb2O8-0.2 CaTiO3 ( ~35.77, Qf ~18,000GHz, ~ +4ppm/°C) dielectric substrates. In this paper, the bandpass filter area designed on 0.8(Zn0.95Mg0.05)TiNb2O8-0.2 CaTiO3 is reduced 88% than FR4 substrates and the near zero τf makes better frequency stability.
Structural and Magnetic Characterizations of 200 MeV Ag15+ Irradiated BixCo2-xMnO4 Thin Films
Authors: Rajeevan Nhalil E. , Kumar Ravi , Shukla D.K. , Thakur P. , Pradyumnan P.P.
Published: April 2013

The effect of swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation on the structural and magnetic properties of thin films of Bi-substituted Co2MnO4 prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) is presented. XRD analysis reveals that the BixCo2-x MnO4 (x = 0.0, 0.1 & 0.3) films grown on amorphous quartz, and crystalline LaAlO3 (LAO) exhibited single phase cubic spinel structure with low strain before and after the irradiation at 200 MeV Ag15+ ions at three fluence values 1 × 1011, 5 × 1011 and 1 × 1012 ions/cm2. DC magnetization hysteresis loop study of the films revealed a ferrimagnetic ordering below the transition temperature ~ 185 K and the saturation magnetization was increased by the irradiation at optimal fluence value 51011 ions/cm2. X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD) studies showed the antiparallel alignments of Co and Mn magnetic moments.
Complex Impedance Spectroscopy of Ba0.8Pb0.2TiO3 Synthesized by Mechano Chemical Activation
Authors: Singh Sangeeta , Kumar Parveen , Prakash Chandra , Juneja J.K.
Published: April 2013

Single phase Ba0.8Pb0.2TiO3 (BPT) with improved dielectric and ferroelectric properties was synthesized by Mechano-Chemical Activation (MCA). It is also interesting to investigate the change in different electrical parameters of the sample synthesized by MCA. In the present work, we are reporting the Complex Impedance spectroscopy (CIS) of BPT ceramics synthesized by MCA. Complex quantities like electric modulus (M*) and impedance (Z*) were calculated from measured dielectric constant (ε) and tanδ measured as a function of frequency (70Hz-1MHz) upto 500oC. To understand the relaxation behavior, real and imaginary parts of M* and Z* were plotted as a function of frequency at different temperatures. Typical Cole-Cole plots of Z′ and Z″ indicate the contribution from both grain and grain boundary to the relaxation mechanism.