bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Immunomodulatory Activity of Fig Fruit Ethanol Extract (Ficus carica Linn) against Phagocytosis Macrophages and Lymphocyte Proliferation
Authors: Azizah Iis Nur , Winanta Aji
Published: October 2022

Fig (Ficus carica L.)  is a natural product that potentially can improve the immune system because it has flavonoids that have the potential as immunostimulants. The research aims to determine the possibility of fig fruit ethanol extract as an immunomodulator. Immunomodulatory activity is determined by knowing the activity of macrophage phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and the levels of flavonoids in the extract. The research began with extraction, and then the sample was tested with TLC and colorimetry methods. Furthermore, the sample in the immunomodulatory activity test in vitro was measured through the activity of macrophage phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation. In the phagocytosis activity test, macrophage cells were given samples in various concentrations and latex beads. The number of activated macrophages and the number of latex phagocyted by the macrophage is then calculated. For tests of lymphocyte proliferation activity, lymphocyte cells were sampled with different concentrations and induced hepatitis B vaccine. Then the cell absorbance was read with an Elisa reader at 550nm wavelength. The study results found that the samples contained flavonoid compounds, and the total flavonoid levels obtained were 0.74±0.01 mgEQ/g samples. The immunomodulatory activity showed that the sample increased phagocytosis activity of macrophages compared to cell control. The lymphocyte proliferation test produced stimulation index<2 values, showing no effect on the proliferation of lymphocytes. This study indicated that fig fruit ethanol extract could increase the phagocytosis activity of macrophage cells but did not affect the proliferation of lymphocyte cells in vitro.
Potential Effect of Bay Leaf (Syzygium polyanthum [Wight] Walp.) Essential Oil for Herbal Toothpaste Active Agent
Authors: Annisa Mutiara , Harsini Harsini , Murti Yosi Bayu
Published: October 2022

Bay leaf is a herbal plant containing essential oil with antioxidant activity. Antioxidant effects give bay leaf essential oil ability as a toothpaste active agent. This research aim is to evaluate the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of bay leaf essential oil to find out the potential as toothpaste active agents. Bay leaf used in this research was taken from Lendah, Kulon Progo in the evening. Steam-hydrodistillation is conducted and chemical composition is analyzed using the GC-MS method. The Antioxidant activity test is conducted with DPPH and FRAP methods. Toothpastes were formulated with three concentrations of bay leaf essential oil (0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%). Stain prevention test using formulated toothpastes, no active agent toothpaste (negative control), and commercial toothpaste (positive control) was conducted on 20 bovine teeth to obtain the value of colour change (ΔE) before and after the experiment, then analysed using one-way ANOVA parametric test (CI 95%). The chemical composition of bay leaf essential oil detected using GC-MS showed 29 compounds. The highest percentages are cis-4-decenal (37.87%), Decanal (16.73%), and octanal (16.63%). IC50 value from DPPH and FRAP method are 2.079µg/mL and 3.277µg/mL. One-way ANOVA test showed there was an effect from bay leaf essential oil as stain prevention toothpaste active agent. Bay leaf essential oils toothpastes have no significant difference in ΔE value to positive control toothpaste. The conclusion of this research is bay leaf essential oil contains aldehyde compounds in high percentage which provides a very high antioxidant effect. Bay leaf essential oil is the potential to be used as a toothpaste active agent.
Phytochemical Quantification and Efficacy of Persea Americana Extracts on some Selected Pathogens
Authors: Oladoye Sunday Olusegun , Falade Victoria Adeola , Adepoju Adewusi John , Ibikunle Geshin John
Published: October 2022

Medicinal and aromatic plants are increasingly becoming the focus of many researchers in the search for alternative antimicrobial agents due to their large number of diverse bioactive compounds called phytochemicals. Persea americana (Avocado) is an evergreen tree plant known for its healthy fruit and has been used in the management of disease and infections. The stem bark of P. americana was investigated for its phyto-constituents and antimicrobial activity using standard methods. The stem bark was preponderant in polyphenolic compounds of which flavonoid was found to be abundant (480.01), the antimicrobial activity study of the extracts also showed good inhibitory activity on all the tested strains with K. oxytoca (27.50 ± 0.67 mm) and A. flavus (88.89%) mostly susceptible in a concentration-dependent manner. The study revealed that P. americana extracts could be explored in the search for alternative antimicrobial agents.
BASIC BIODEGRADATION METHODS OF MATERIALS
Authors: Findrik Balogová Alena , Trebuňová Marianna , Živčák Jozef , Hudák Radovan
Published: October 2022

Biodegradable materials and their applications are now a widespread topic of scientific activities and publications, mainly due to their ever-expanding possibilities for use in biomedical fields. Advances in the study and evaluation of materials often require different methods to determine the properties and consequences of degradation, whether changes in structure, mass changes, morphological changes or differences in the mechanical properties of the material before and after degradation. The aim of this work is to summarize the available and used methods, as well as to compare the information obtained for the design of a suitable method. The procedures are described on the basis of studies that have addressed the issue of biodegradation of materials using in vitro methods.
Obtención de la calidad psicométrica del Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (FAI) en población mexicana
Authors: Guerrero Mayorga David , Gómez Pérez-Mitré Gilda Libia
Published: October 2022

El temor al fracaso ha sido asociado con diversas variables desadaptativas, tanto en el terreno afectivo como en el desempeño en diversas áreas de la vida. Con el desarrollo de este estudio se propuso adaptar y evaluar la calidad psicométrica de un instrumento que mide temor al fracaso. Se trabajó con una muestra no aleatoria (N = 283 MEDAD= 31.89 y DE = 5.88); mujeres (n = 201), hombres (n = 82) y rango 15-45 años. Se utilizó el Failure Appraisal Inventory y se procedió a la realización de laboratorios cognoscitivos, análisis de validez de contenido (jueceo), de estructura y de invarianza factorial. Se obtuvo un instrumento adaptado a población mexicana con una estructura de cuatro factores con 18 ítems (alfa = 0.94, omega = 0.93), obtuvieron índices de ajuste aceptables con excepción del AGFI (X2/gl = 2.41; AGFI = 0.84; NFI = 0.92; CFI = 0.94; GFI = 0.89; RMSEA = 0.06). Se discute la necesidad de mayor investigación en torno al factor temor a devaluar la propia estima, además de la necesidad de confirmar si el instrumento representa un mismo estímulo independientemente del género al que responde. Se abordaron alcances y limitaciones del estudio.
Repetitive Exposure of Titanium Mesh after Cranioplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Kim Choong Hyeon , Sung Ki Pyo , Lee Soo Hyang
Published: October 2022

Cranial defects are often managed with cranioplasty, where synthetic substances are still extensively used despite the advantages of using biological materials. Among the complications of cranioplasty, skin defects with implant exposure are the most common, with a particularly high incidence when titanium mesh is used. This is a case report of a 32-year-old patient who underwent cranioplasty with titanium mesh. After 2 years, a forehead skin defect with mesh exposure occurred, onto which a latissimus dorsi free flap was applied without removing the mesh. Ten months later, the patient was consulted for another skin defect, and a second latissimus dorsi free flap was applied with near-total mesh removal. After 6 months, another cranioplasty with hydroxyapatite bone cement and flap modification was performed. Lastly, revision surgery with complete removal of the mesh remaining in the right eyebrow was executed after 1 year, and no major complications were seen during the 4 months of follow-up. Through this experience, we suggest that skin defects with mesh exposure need to be managed with total removal of the metal material, followed by cranioplasty using another material and appropriate soft tissue coverage over the reconstructed cranium.
A Case Report of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium Infection of the Hand and Treatment with a Second Dorsal Metacarpal Artery Flap
Authors: Jeong Yon Soo , Park Dong Ha , Lee Il Jae , Hahn Hyung Min , Kim Min Ji , Lim Hyoseob
Published: October 2022

Nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) are emerging as an important pathogen that merit close attention from clinicians around the world. Musculoskeletal NTM infections are most commonly found on the hand. In spite of appropriate clinical care including surgery and administration of antibiotics, recurrence of NTM infection of the hand is frequent and multiple operations may be required. Consequently, repeated surgeries can cause soft tissue defects that require reconstruction. This report suggests that when NTM infection of the hand requires not only antibiotic treatment and simple surgery but also reconstruction, the dorsal metacarpal artery flap can be considered for proximal palmar and entire dorsal surface coverage of fingers.
Spontaneous Hematoma of Upper Extremities in a Patient with Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Oh Joon Seok , Kim Yumin , Eun Seokchan
Published: October 2022

A 44-year-old woman with underlying systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome presented with nausea and vomiting after her 2nd vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Thirteen days after warfarin injection was administered along with steroid therapy, the patient suffered sudden right shoulder pain, paresthesia, and swelling, suggesting acute compartment syndrome. The warfarin regimen was bridged to low molecular weight heparin and fasciotomy was performed. Multiple hematoma evacuation after fasciotomy was done and the patient was referred for skin necrosis. Frequent debridement and negative pressure wound therapy were performed to heal the right upper extremity skin defect. Afterwards, the patient experienced hemorrhage in her left upper extremity and was treated conservatively with simple compression. This report suggests that patients undergoing anticoagulation therapy for antiphospholipid syndrome should be closely monitored for subcutaneous hemorrhage, and that prompt diagnosis and treatment may prevent adverse results. If massive skin necrosis occurs, multiple surgical debridement procedures and application of negative pressure wound therapy may be an option.
Pathophysiology and Conservative Treatment of Venous Ulcers: A Review
Authors: Jun Daiwon
Published: October 2022

Defined as an ulceration in a lower extremity caused by venous hypertension, venous ulcers are a common condition which are known to affect approximately 1% of the population. They cause substantial socioeconomic burden and significant impact on patients’ quality of life. Although a number of diagnostic procedures are applicable in diagnosis of venous ulcers, color-flow duplex ultrasound remains the gold standard. For therapeutic options, compression therapy remains the mainstay. Adjunct therapies such as physiotherapy, manual lymphatic drainage, or phlebotonics can be considered to provide symptomatic relieve. This article aims to provide an overview of the anatomy and pathophysiology of venous ulcers as well as their conservative treatment.
Successful Reconstruction of a Defect Secondary to an Intersphincteric Abscess with Fournier’s Gangrene Using a Perforator-based Island Flap: A Case Report
Authors: Chang Lan Sook , Seo Hyun Joon , Park Sung Oh , Lee Young Man , Kim Youn Hwan
Published: October 2022

Fournier’s gangrene, a soft tissue infection which is aggressive and sometimes lethal, often passes through deep fascial planes of the penis, scrotum, perineum, and lower abdomen; however, it rarely extends upward into the high intermuscular plane. We managed a rare case of Fournier’s gangrene with a high intersphincteric abscess from a perianal infection that resulted in a large defect in the anus and inferior aspect of the scrotum. A perforator-based island flap for the post-debridement defect was performed successfully. The perforator was selected near the defect along the lateral sacral border; the border of the flap design was adjacent to the defect, thus providing a sufficient angle of rotation near the pedicle with minimal dissection. Remnant undissected tissues around the pedicle prevented postoperative vascular complications. Additionally, the distal part of the flap design was elongated to the gluteal sulcus to be harvested as a very thin flap. This study suggests a perforator-based island flap as a secure and convenient option for covering a large defect involving the perianal region and inferior aspect of the scrotum.
Penile Distortion Caused by a Large Epidermal Cyst after Augmentation Penoplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Hyun , Choi Matthew Seung Suk
Published: October 2022

Although an epidermal cyst is a common cutaneous lesion that can present anywhere on the body, it is not easily found on the penis. A 64-year-old man visited Hanyang University Guri Hospital with a soft, large, subcutaneous mass on the right ventral side of the penile shaft that caused distortion. He had augmentation penoplasty 20 years ago with a dermal fat graft, but had not experienced any asymmetry or infection of the penis during the postoperative period. Three years prior the patient had observed a lump on his penis that had since grown slowly, causing distortion of the penis and sexual dysfunction. The mass was excised and diagnosed by a pathologist as an epidermal cyst. The patient was satisfied with the aesthetic result, and his sexual function gradually returned. Here, we introduce an extremely rare case of a penile epidermal cyst causing penile distortion. We suggest that the cause for its formation was incomplete de-epithelization of the graft during dermal fat grafting.
Verrucous Carcinoma of the Toenail: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Kim Jong-Ho , Choi Jinil , Park Joseph Kyu-hyung , Lee Jeonghyo , Lee Kyu Sang , Kim Baek-Kyu
Published: October 2022

Verrucous carcinoma (VC) is a rare, highly keratinized, well-differentiated, low-grade squamous cell carcinoma. A 58-year-old male presented with a 5-year history of a recurrent growing hyperkeratotic mass with intermittent bloody discharge, ulceration and dystrophic nail change on the right fifth toe. Since multiple dermatologic treatments were yielding no response, punch biopsy was performed for a more accurate diagnosis and the result was consistent with verruca vulgaris. As the lesion was responding poorly despite further dermatologic treatments for verruca vulgaris, radical surgical resection was performed. Microscopic examination of the excised lesion revealed epidermis with hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, papillomatosis, and reticular dermis invasion, consistent with VC. Since the diagnosis changed to VC, and the resection margin was involved by the carcinoma, the patient underwent an amputation procedure at the proximal phalangeal base. This case report highlights the importance of diagnosing VC. In cases of lesions such as verruca vulgaris or onychomycosis that are not responsive to general treatment, physicians should consider VC as a differential diagnosis, to prevent delaying a proper diagnosis and progression of disease.
Agricultural Pesticide Injection into the Rectus Abdominis Muscle: A Case Report
Authors: Choi Jun Ho , Oh Sang Seong , Hwang Jae Ha , Kim Kwang Seog , Lee Sam Yong
Published: October 2022

Many reports have described cases where pesticides were drunk, inhaled, or applied to body surfaces with the intent to commit suicide, but incidents of direct intramuscular pesticide injection are rare. Cyantraniliprole is a pesticide that causes disorganized muscle contraction, paralysis, and death in insects. Herein, we report a case in which a man injected cyantraniliprole into his abdomen but recovered well. An 80-year-old man visited the emergency room with abdominal pain after intramuscularly injecting 3 mL of cyantraniliprole into his abdomen. The injection site showed cellulitis with local redness, edema, and pain. Diffuse fluid collection over the right rectus abdominis muscle and subcutaneous layer was observed on abdominal computed tomography. There were no other systemic symptoms such as dyspnea or general weakness. After the abdominal inflammation improved, the tissue where the pesticide had penetrated was excised and delayed primary closure was performed. Six months after surgery, the patient had recovered well without any other local complications or systemic symptoms. Based on the outcome of the patient’s hospital course, the lethality of intramuscular injection of cyantraniliprole appears to be low.
A Case of Rosai-Dorfman Disease with Chronic Skin Ulceration as a Cutaneous Symptom
Authors: Yoon Sung Ho , Choo Seok Hyun , Kim Young Geun , Oh Jae Wook , Lee Keun Cheol
Published: October 2022

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare histiocytic disorder characterized by lymph node invasion and extranodal symptoms. The number of patients reported heretofore is less than 1,000, and it shows a predilection to certain groups: younger age, African race, and male sex. Herein, we report a middle-aged Asian female who presented to us with a single inflamed skin nodule on her left cheek, which finally concluded as an extranodal symptom of RDD. At first, the skin lesion was believed to be an inflamed epidermal cyst. Though excision was performed, it recurred as a chronic skin ulcer. As the lesion did not heal well despite 3 months of repetitive dressings, wide excision and curettage were performed. Immunohistochemistry study of the excised specimen diagnosed RDD. Six months after the last excision, there was no recurrence or complications. This report offers the possibility of RDD in patients showing chronic skin ulcers being accompanied by lymphadenopathy, and also suggests a surgical excision as a preferred option in skin manifestation of RDD.
Tissue Recycling with Split-Thickness Skin Graft Harvested from a Failed Free Flap
Authors: Wang Hyun , Chang Lan Sook , Kim Youn Hwan
Published: October 2022

Failure of free flaps is frustrating for both patients and surgeons. Since a large amount of tissue was already used in the first operation, much consideration should be given to donor site and tissue preservation in revision procedures. Recycling tissue by salvaging skin from the failed flap is one option. A 59-year-old man with a scar contracture deformity on his right medial thigh underwent scar tissue excision and thoracodorsal artery perforator free flap coverage. Unfortunately, flap compromise was found on the second postoperative day and flap salvage failed due to extensive thrombus. A second thoracodorsal artery perforator free flap from the contralateral side was used for revision surgery. A split-thickness skin graft was performed with skin harvested from the failed flap to cover the second donor site. Multiple hand-held retractors provided appropriate tension for harvesting the skin. The grafted skin was successfully taken after 3 weeks. This study explores the viability of a split-thickness skin harvested from a failed flap with more than 48 hours of ischemic time. The reusability of skin from a failed free flap in revision surgery can both minimize the need for additional donor sites and reduce unnecessary pain.
Editorial: New frontiers of corporate governance — Managing growing complexity and risk
Authors: Catuogno Simona
Published: October 2022

It is a privilege for the editorial team to present the third issue of the journal Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions in 2022. Even more, in the current period, rich with tumultuous events, most recently the nuclear threat. Indeed, nowadays, businesses are increasingly called for facing extraordinary challenges under high levels of uncertainty, in order to build back the wealth of economies and societies as a whole. As consequence, organizations are in a state of changes that are wide and varied and arise from internal and external sources. That is, there are several regulatory adaptations as well as corporate governance transformations which should be addressed. They give much impulse to research topics related to corporate complexity, digitalization, risk management, sustainability, and geographical peculiarities (e.g., emerging markets) that are crucial for corporate governance aims in sustaining companies’ recovery after the crisis.
Versatile clinical application of radial artery perforator flap for hand and wrist reconstruction
Authors: Jovanovic Mladen , Nikolic Jelena , Komarcevic Aleksandar , Mijatovic-Jovanovic Vesna , Stojicic Milan , Bjelan Sveto
Published: October 2022

Background/Aim. Radial artery perforator flap (RAPF) is a type of fasciocutaneous or adipofascial reverse pedicle flap, which proved to be a versatile flap for the reconstruction of small and moderate size soft tissue defects of the forearm, wrist, and hand. RAPF provides suitable skin coverage with elastic subcutaneous tissue thus enabling the protection of exposed or damaged functional structures and their simultaneous repair. The aim of this study was to summarize and analyze the results of the treatment of patients with upper extremity soft tissue defects caused by trauma, infection, burn, or tumor removal, which were re-constructed with RAPF. Methods. This retrospective study included 20 consecutive patients with skin and soft tissue defects of the hand and wrist, treated at the University Clinical Center of Vojvodina from 2012 to 2022. The design of the flaps and length of the pedicles were determined by the recipient site. Tourniquet-induced exsanguination was used during surgery for better visualization. The flaps were elevated and placed at the site of the defect. Data on patients and flaps were summarized upon their collection. Results. Distally based fasciocutaneous RAPF was used in all cases. The average age of the patients was 48 years, predominantly (64%) males. Defects were most often localized on the dorsal part of the hand (60%) and wrist (20%). The most common indications for surgery were trauma (45%) and tumor resection (25%). A satisfactory coverage of the defect was achieved in all 20 patients with no flap loss. Venous congestion was noted in 4 (20%) patients, which resulted in partial necrosis of the flap in 3 (15%) patients. Wound healing was achieved upon conservative treatment by secondary intention in two patients and with a secondary suture in the last one. A surgical site infection occurred in 2 (10%) patients who withdrew after proper local and systemic therapy. Conclusion. RAPF proved to be a workhorse flap for soft tissue reconstruction of the upper limb. This surgical solution led to an excellent functional and aesthetic outcome in the majority of patients. Complex surgical procedures could be done simultaneously, together with the reconstruction of tendons, joints, or fracture stabilization. The reliability and safety of these flaps are confirmed through our clinical data.
Analysis of the Factors that Cause Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Using Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID)
Authors: Syahdan St , Arif Abdul , Megawati Megawati
Published: October 2022

The low level of public awareness of environmental cleanliness has led to the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that cause dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) using the Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) method. This type of research is applied research, namely research conducted to apply, test, and evaluate the ability of a theory that is applied in solving practical problems. This research was conducted at the University of Kaltara by taking quantitative data on dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients recorded at the Bulungan District Health Office. The analytical method used is the Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) tree-structured classification method with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program. Based on the study results, it was found that five factors caused the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Bulungan Regency. They are Gender, Age, Work Status, Environment, and Household Income. Based on the CHAID analysis using the IBM SPSS Statistics computer program, a decision tree is formed, which consists of 5 nodes consisting of 1 main node (node 0), one decision node (node 1), and 3 terminal nodes (node 2, 3 and 4). The predictor variables that affect the formation of the decision tree are Age and Household Income. DHF patients can be classified into three different segments from the segmentation decision tree with an estimated risk of 0.273, which means the risk of the wrong classification for DHF status is 27.3%.
Hubungan Rasa Percaya Diri dengan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Irman Rahmy Fadilla , Amir Zubaidah , Risnawati
Published: October 2022

Matematika sering dikatakan oleh kebanyakan siswa merupakan pelajaran yang susah dan banyak siswa tidak suka pada pelajaran matematika, sehingga hasil belajar matematika siswa bervariasi. Salah satu faktor psikologi yang ada pada diri seseorang adalah self confidence. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kepercayaan diri siswa memiliki hubungan dengan hasil belajar di kelas empat pada pelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif yaitu korelasional untuk menarik kesimpulan. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 30 orang berasal dari kelas IV. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner tentang tingkat kepercayaan diri partisipan digunakan sebagai instrumen dalam penelitian ini. Sedangkan hasil belajar matematika siswa ditentukan berdasarkan nilai semesternya. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data yaitu analisis statistic inferensial. Metode analisis data menggunakan uji product moment dengan bantuan SPSS 16. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan positif dan signifikan antara self confidence dengan hasil belajar matematika siswa. Dengan korelasi sedang sebesar 0,662 dapat dikatakan bahwa hasil belajar matematika siswa akan lebih rendah jika tingkat kepercayaan diri siswa lebih rendah, dan sebaliknya jika tingkat kepercayaan diri siswa tinggi maka hasil belajar matematika mereka akan lebih tinggi. Implikasi pada penelitian ini yaitu guru bisa meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa dari salah satu faktor internal yaitu kepercayaan diri siswa.
Peran Dukungan Orang Tua Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Saputri Ana , Fadhilaturrahmi  , Fauziddin Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Dukungan orang tua sangat penting dalam mewujudkan keberhasilan pendidikan anak. Dukungan orang tua dan motivasi belajar memegang peranan penting dalam proses belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dukungan orang tua terhadap motivasi belajar siswa sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Subyek penelitian adalah orang tua dan siswa kelas 9. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua orang tua memberikan dukungan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Dukungan diwujudkan dalam bentuk dukungan emosional, penghargaan, instrumental dan informatif. Namun, dukungan instrumental seperti mendampingi anak saat belajar dan memenuhi kebutuhan belajar belum maksimal. Orang tua hanya memanfaatkan fasilitas belajar dari sekolah. Selain itu, keterbatasan ekonomi menjadi penyebab tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhan belajar anak. Kemudian dukungan informasi seperti memberikan arahan kepada anak ketika mengalami kesulitan dalam belajar. Hal ini dikarenakan orang tua kurang memahami materi pelajaran dan sibuk bekerja. Orang tua adalah pendidik pertama dan utama dalam membantu mengembangkan potensi anak. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya yang maksimal agar anak termotivasi untuk belajar.
Model Problem Based Learning dan Discovery Learning Ditinjau dari Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa
Authors: Ade  , Wahyudi
Published: October 2022

Hasil belajar siswa merupakan salah satu tujuan dari proses pembelajaran di sekolah, untuk itu seorang guru perlu mengetahui beberapa model pembelajaran, serta dipraktekkan pada saat mengajar. Model Problem Based Learning dan Discovery Learning adalah model yang disarankan dalam kurikulum nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektifitas model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Discovery Learning terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada pembelajaran tematik. Sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas III SD yang berjumlah 30 orang sebagai kelas eksperimen dan 31 orang sebagai kelas kontrol. Jenis penelitian adalah Desain Quasi Experiment. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes yang terdiri postest dan pretes serta observasi. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan terdiri dari uji normalitas, uji homogenitas serta uji hipotesis yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji independent sample T-test. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan data berdistribusi normal dan homogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukan nilai signifikansi (2-tailed) sebesar 0,001 < 0,05. Hal ini berarti H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Sehinngga terdapat perbedaan keefektifan hasil belajar kognitif siswa menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Discovery Learning. Perbedaan nilai rata-rata postes model Problem Based Learning 71,33 sedangkan nilai rata-rata model Discovery Learning 60,65. Sehingga dapat simpulkan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning lebih efektif dibandingkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning.
Multimedia Interaktif Pembelajaran Tematik Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sulistianti Mei Lia , Tegeh I Made
Published: October 2022

Era globalisasi ini mengharapkan guru mampu mengaplikasikan teknologi untuk meningkatkan kegiatan pembelajaran sehingga kegiatan pembelajaran dapat berjalan maksimal. Beberapa guru kurang mampu untuk menggunakan model ataupun media yang sesuai untuk siswa sehingga berdampak pada hasil dan motivasi belajar yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan multimedia interaktif untuk materi pembelajaran IPS kelas IV. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan dengan menggunakan model Hannafik and Peck. Metode yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu kuesioner. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 1 ahli desain pembelajaran, 1 ahli media pembelajaran, dan 1 ahli isi pembelajaran. Subjek uji coba yaitu siswa kelas IV berjumlah 9 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian yaitu penilaian dari ahli isi pembelajaran yaitu 92,9% (sangat baik). Hasil penilaian dari ahli desain pembelajaran yaitu 88% (baik). Hasil penilaian dari ahli media pembelajaran yaitu 83% (baik). Hasil penilaian dari uji coba perorangan yaitu 92,66% (sangat baik) dan uji coba kelompok kecil yaitu 92,66% (sangat baik). Disimpulkan media mendapatkan kualifikasi baik dan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran tematik.
Penerapan Pendekatan Konstruktivisme Vygotsky Terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Suoth Like , Mutji Elsye Jesti , Balamu Robinsor
Published: October 2022

Kurangnya penggunaan model pembelajaran menyebabkan rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh positif signifikan dalam penerapan Pendekatan Konstruktivisme Vygotsky Tehadap Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VI SD GMIH Duma yang berjumlah 21 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes sampel penelitian 1 Kelas dengan menggunakan Pre-test dan Post-test. Analisis tahap awal di lakukan dengan cara menentukan deskripsi penelitian dengan menggunakan tabel desain one group pretest posttest, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajajaran Bahasa Indonesia pada Tema 7 dengan materi Kepemimpinan serta menggunakan pendekatan Konstruktivisme Vygotsky tipe Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) adanya pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia tema 7 dengan materi Kepemimpinan. Dengan menggunakan, pendekatan Konstruktivisme Vygotsky tipe Zone of Proximal Developmen (ZPD siswa menjadi termotivasi dan aktif sehingga terdapat hasil belajarnya memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan positif signifikan pada penerapan pendekatan Konstruktivisme Vygotsky tipe Zone of Proximal Developmen (ZPD pada hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia.
Studi Evaluasi: Tingkat Efikasi Diri Peserta Didik Kelas XI SMA
Authors: Widodo Rido Ilham , Kurniawan Dwi Agus , Maison Maison , Irmanto Irmanto
Published: October 2022

Fisika merapakan salah satu mata pelajaran wajib untuk dipelajari di tingkat sekolah menengah atas khususnya pada siswa yang mengambil kelas peminatan ilmu pengetahuan alam (IPA). Namun, pelajaran fisika menduduki peringkat terendah kedua pada ujian nasional terakhir. Hal ini dapat menurunkan tingkat efiskasi diri pada siswa, sehingga mempengaruhi proses dan hasil belajar mereka. Dilihat dari hal tersebut, dibutuhkannya sebuah peningkatan dalam dukungan baik dari guru, orang tua, dan lingkungan siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efikasi diri siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah mixed method dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi, dan penyebaran angket. Populasi yang digunakan adalah guru dan siswa dengan sampel sebanyak 60 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri peserta didik sangat dipengaruhi oleh persepsi yang mereka miliki. Maka dari itu, sangat penting bagi tenaga pendidik untuk membangun persepsi yang  dimiliki oleh peserta didik. Ada banyak cara bagi tenaga pendidik untuk membantu peserta didik meningkatkan efikasi diri yang mereka miliki, seperti pemberian motivasi, penggunaan model atau strategi belajar yang menarik, ataupun pemberian kesempatan kedua bagi peserta didik dan tidak menghakimi atas apapun jawaban yang mereka berikan. Dengan demikian peserta didik akan merasa lebih percaya diri saat mengemukakan pendapat yang berdampak kepada meningkatnya tingkat efikasi diri peserta didik.
Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Kelas V SD Pada Materi Pecahan
Authors: Daffa Tasya Pratiwi  , Fitri Alyani
Published: October 2022

Kemampuan pemecahan masalah ialah sebuah pilar yang siswa harus miliki untuk memecahkan permasalahan matematika dengan berbagai cara yakni memahami masalah, Menyusun rencana penyelesaian, menyelesaikan masalah dan memeriksa Kembali pada materi pecahan. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan agar melihat sampai dimana kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini tergolong kedalam penelitian kualitatif, dengan subjek penelitian yakni siswa kelas V SD dengan kemampuan yang berbeda-beda. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode tes, observasi dan wawancara dengan instrument penelitian berupa tes uraian dan pedoman wawancara. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif melalui tahapan mereduksi data, penyampaian data, dan menyimpulkan. Validitas data memakai Teknik triangulasi, yakni hasil tes uraian siswa dan wawancara ditriangulasikan dan dapat dideskripsikan tentang kemampuan penyelesaian masalah siswa dalam mengerjakan soal matematika pada materi pecahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 kategori kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa, yakni kategori tinggi dengan persentase 16,67%, kategori sedang dengan persentase 26.67%, dan siswa dengan kategori rendah dengan persentase 56,67%. Sehingga berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam proses pemecahan masalah tergolong berbeda-beda, dan cenderung berada dalam kategori rendah.
Interactive Powerpoint Learning Media on Science Content for Fifth Grade Elementary School
Authors: Wirawan I Made Tangkas Arya , Gading I Ketut
Published: October 2022

The absence of engaging learning resources impacts the effectiveness of student learning outcomes. This review aims to create a design and examine PowerPoint's viability, applicability, and efficacy for student learning outcomes in science subjects for fifth-grade Elementary School. Use the ADDIE Model for interactive learning ppt (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The subjects of this research investigation were 11 grade 5 primary school children. Observation, interviews, rating scales, and tests are all employed as data collection techniques. The data analysis types employed are the evaluation process, instrument validity analysis, content validity analysis, practicality analysis, and effectiveness analysis. Two material specialists and two media experts conducted the feasibility test. Material experts earn a score of 0.93 (high validity), and media experts and media professionals receive a 0.89 score (high validity). For the practicality test, it got a score of 4.0 (very good). The effectiveness test using the correlated sample t-test test formula showed that the significant (2-tailed) was 0.000 (p<0.05). Learning media PowerPoint can effectively improve student learning outcomes, especially in the science content of Grade V Elementary School.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Video Pembelajaran Berbasis PBL Pada Tema 7 Kelas V SD
Authors: Kadek Panji Yustisio  , Sudarma I Komang , Bayu Gede Wira
Published: October 2022

Guru yang kurang mengemas model pembelajaran dan media yang sesuai untuk pembelajaran IPA sehingga siswa merasa kesulitan dalam belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan video berbasis PBL. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian yaitu 1 ahli isi, 1 ahli desain pembelajaran, dan 1 ahli media pembelajaran. Subjek uji coba yaitu siswa kelas V yang berjumlah 3 orang untuk uji coba perorangan, 9 orang uji coba kelompok kecil, dan 27 orang untuk uji coba lapangan. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kusioner atau angket. Instrument pengumpulan data menggunakan instrument rating scale. Teknik analisis data yaitu teknik analisis statistik deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis statistik deskriptif kuantitatif dan statistic inferensial. Hasil analisis yaitu validasi ahli media diperoleh presentase sebesar 93,33% (sangat baik), ahli materi 98,68% (sangat baik), dan ahli desain 89,70% (sangat baik). Hasil uji perorangan diperoleh 93,33% (sangat baik), uji coba kelompok kecil yaitu 95% (sangat baik) dan uji lapangan 94,35%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, menunjukkan besar signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 (p<0,05). Dengan demikian maka dapat dketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan hasil belajar siswa muatan IPA antara sebelum menggunakan video pembelajaran berbasis PBL. Disimpulkan video pembelajaran berbasis PBL meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa
Herobot Learning Media for Grade IV Elementary School Students
Authors: Widiastuti Tri , Fathurohman Irfai , Ismaya Erik Aditia
Published: October 2022

One of the problems that occur in this nation is that the quality of education in education units is not yet optimal. The quality of learning and teaching from education is generally determined by the quality of the input and the quality of the teaching and learning process and is characterized by the quality of the results. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of the Herobot learning media for fourth-grade elementary school students. The method used is a research & development method using research steps developed until the fourth step, namely: potential and problems analysis, data collection, product design, and validation design. Data collection techniques using observation, interview, and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis, namely by calculating the percentage value of the validation results and responses using a score of 1-4. The results of this study indicate that Herobot media is feasible to be used as a learning medium with the results of the material expert assessment obtained a score of 3.25 with a good category. While the media expert validation obtained an average score of 3.31 in the "very good" category. The results of the practitioner's assessment obtained a score of 3.67 with a very good category. The results of the teacher's response with an average percentage of 89.29% in the good category and the student response an average percentage of 93.75% with the very good category. The conclusions of this study are Herobot media is suitable for use as learning media.
Assessment Instruments of Caring Attitudes and Science Knowledge Competencies IV Grade Elementary School Student
Authors: Dewi Luh Gede Ayu Rusiana , Gunamantha I Made , Wibawa I Made Citra
Published: October 2022

The attitude of students' concern for the surrounding environment is still relatively low, this is due to the lack of use of assessment instruments in assessing student attitudes. The purpose of this study is to analyses the design and tests the feasibility of the instrument of caring attitude and science knowledge competence. This research belongs to the type of development research, using the ADDIE development model. The subjects involved in this study were 2 lecturers and 3 fourth grade elementary school teachers. Data was collected using field study, observation, questionnaire, and test methods. The data obtained in the study were then analyzed by testing the validity and reliability of the instrument. The results of data analysis showed that the validation obtained an average percentage for the content aspect of 76.67% (adequate), the aspect of the social science technology model 80% (adequate), the format aspect 82% (very feasible), the language aspect 93% (very feasible) and 82% presentation aspect (very decent). Furthermore, the reliability test showed the results of the reliability coefficient values ​​for the test instrument and the questionnaire instrument were 0.893 and 0.939, respectively. This value is in the range of 0.80 < r 1.00, this shows that the reliability of the two instruments used in this study is very high. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the assessment instrument for caring attitudes and science knowledge competencies are valid and reliable category so that it is very feasible to be developed and used in the learning process.
Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Berbantuan Permainan Edukasi Berpengaruh Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika
Authors: Susila I Gede Darma , Wiarta I Wayan , Agustika Gusti Ngurah Sastra
Published: October 2022

Latar belakang terciptanya penelitian ialah hasil belajar matematika masih belum semuanya mencapai KKM.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan permainan edukasi terhadap hasil belajar.Jenis penelitian yang dipakai yakni eksperimen semu dengan desain nonequivalent kontrol group design. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik cluster randomsampling.Populasi sebanyak 170 siswa dan digunakan 2 sampelMetode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes.Kelompok sudah dinyatakan setara. Data yang terkumpul dinormalisasikan menggunakan gain skor kemudian dianalisis menggunakan statistik inferensial uj-t. Nilai rerata gain skor hasil belajar matematika kelompok eksperimen adalah 0,580 lebih dari nilai rerata gain skor hasil belajar matematika kelompok kontrol yaitu 0,350. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh thitung= 38,92742 dan ttabel pada taraf signifikansi 5%= 1,99547, sehingga thitung>ttabel, maka terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan hasil belajar matematika kelompok yang dibelajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan permainan edukasi dengan kelompok yang dibelajarkan menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional. Dengan demikian, bisa disimpulkan yakni model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan permainan edukasi berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar matematika.Implikasi hasil penelitian ialah model inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Kata kunci: Inkuiri Terbimbing, Permainan Edukasi, Matematika
The Relationship Between Learning Styles and Cognitive Competencies in Biology Learning
Authors: Winalda Egatri , Ristiono Ristiono
Published: October 2022

The problem often faced in the learning process is the low learning outcomes obtained by students. One of the factors that influence student learning outcomes is learning style. The observations show that teachers rarely use varied learning methods, models, and media. At the time of learning, each student did not understand their learning style (modality). It can cause an imbalance between students' learning styles and the models, methods, or learning media used by the teacher, causing low cognitive competence in students. This study analyzes the relationship between students' learning styles and cognitive competence. This research is a descriptive study. The total sample is 121 students—data collection techniques using learning outcomes tests, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis in this study used the Pearson Product Moment correlation formula. Correlation testing is done by using the t formula to determine whether the correlation coefficient is significant or not. The percentage contribution of students' learning styles on students' cognitive competence was analyzed using determinant coefficients. Based on the research that has been done, it is found that there is no significant correlation between learning styles and students' cognitive competencies. The dominant learning style is the visual learning style, then the kinesthetic learning style, and the least is the auditory learning style. This study concludes that there is no significant relationship between learning styles and students' cognitive competencies.
Constryction verification and modeling of acoustic measuring probe
Authors:   Department of Designing and Operation of Machines, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Sheremeta Roman , Ferens Oleksandr ,   Department of Designing and Operation of Machines, Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: October 2022

The paper presents a study of wave processes occurring in the experimental measuring acoustic probe. The probe is designed for contactless measurement of linear dimensions and micro-movements of physical objects using acoustic oscillations in the sound range. In the course of the study, an equivalent circuit of the probe in the form of a T-link band electric K-filter was drawn up. According to the design geometric parameters of the acoustic probe, the electrical parameters of the K-filter components are calculated. To verify the theoretical results, a set of experimental equipment was developed, and a method of experimental research was developed. Experimental studies have confirmed the possibility of designing acoustic probe using the proposed method of calculating the geometric parameters of its elements.