bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Background Noise Removal Technique using Deep Learning Segmentation Network without Segmentation Map
Authors: Huh Hyunsuk , Lee Seungchul
Published: September 2021

Audio data acquired at industrial manufacturing sites often include unexpected background noise. Since the performance of data-driven models can be worse by background noise. Therefore, it is important to get rid of unwanted background noise. There are two main techniques for noise
canceling in a traditional manner. One is Active Noise Canceling (ANC), which generates an inverted phase of the sound that we want to remove. The other is Passive Noise Canceling (PNC), which physically blocks the noise. However, these methods require large device size and expensive cost.
Thus, we propose a deep learning-based noise canceling method. This technique was developed using audio imaging technique and deep learning segmentation network. However, the proposed model only needs the information on whether the audio contains noise or not. In other words, unlike the general
segmentation technique, a pixel-wise ground truth segmentation map is not required for this method. We demonstrate to evaluate the separation using pump sound of MIMII dataset, which is open-source dataset.
Noise Control Engineering Education: Recommendations from the 2019 TQA Workshop
Authors: Akay Adnan
Published: September 2021

This paper summarizes recommendations about noise control engineering education made in a special session on noise control engineering education at NOISE-CON 2019 in San Diego and during an National Academy of Engineering (NAE)-hosted workshop under the auspices of the Technology of
Quieter America (TQA) program. Speakers in both the special session and at the workshop represented industry, academe, and government emphasizing the need for more noise control engineers, the expertise required, and the areas in which they are needed. The ensuing discussions, summarized in
two published reports, also point to the new technologies that affect noise control engineering education.
Demonstration of a unified approach to beamforming
Authors: Puhle Christof
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we discuss a unification of several well-known frequency domain beamforming methods into one working principle. The methods under consideration include Functional Beamforming, Asymptotic Beamforming, Adaptive Beamforming and - as a natural limiting case - Standard Beamforming.
Common to most of these methods is the underlying eigenvalue decomposition of the cross-spectral matrix. Introducing a weighted power mean (also called weighted Hölder mean) in terms of these eigenvalues for every map point, each of the above methods is represented by a certain power
p. Because of the latter, this unified approach will be called Power Beamforming throughout this paper. Going from the limiting case p=1 of Standard Beamforming to lower power values results in the attenuation of side lobes and sharpening of the main lobes in the corresponding beamforming
map. We demonstrate this effect using simulations and several real-world measurements.
An experimental investigation of turbulent flow over a two-dimensional obstacle on a flat plate
Authors: Sundeep Shivam , Zhang Xin , Zhong Siyang , Bu Huanxian
Published: September 2021

Aeroacoustic and aerodynamic characteristics of the turbulent boundary layer encountering a large obstacle are experimentally investigated in this paper. Two-dimensional obstacles with a square and a semi-circular cross-section mounted on a flat plate are studied in wind tunnel tests,
with particular interests in the shear layer characteristics, wall pressure fluctuations, and far-field noise induced by the obstacles. Synchronized measurements of the far-field noise and the wall pressure fluctuations were conducted using microphone arrays in the far-field and flush-mounted
in the plate, respectively. Additionally, the streamwise and wall-normal velocity fluctuations behind the obstacle were measured using the X-wire probe. The measured velocity profiles, spectra, and wall pressure spectra are compared, showing that the rectangular obstacle has a significant
impact on both the turbulent flow and far-field noise. The large-scale vortical structures shed from the obstacles can be identified in the wall pressure spectra, the streamwise velocity spectra, and the wall pressure coherence analysis. Within the shear layer, the pairing of vortices occurs
and the frequency of the broadband peak in the velocity spectra decreases as the shear layer grows downstream. Further eddy convective velocities of large-scale vortical structures inside the shear layer were analyzed based on the wall pressure fluctuations.
Assessing traffic noise in teh City of Sharjah using prediction models
Authors: Elmehdi Hussein
Published: September 2021

Noise originated from traffic on inner-city roads has been recognized as a major issue that has negative effects that go beyond annoyance and adverse health effects on people living near such roads. In this paper, we report the results of employing mathematical models for assessing
traffic noise levels near roads in the City of Sharjah, UAE. Our field measurements indicated high noise levels near inter-city roads including roads in residential areas. To further investigate this, measured noise levels arising from principle traffic noise parameters were re-examined using
published mathematical models with the objective of validating the acoustic noise levels generated by traffic noise of mixed composition, traffic flow rate and distance from the source. The main sound levels, namely the statistical equivalent sound levels (Leq): L10, L50 and L90 were used
in the mathematical predictive models, to calculate the day time sound levels and correlated it with in situ measurements. We have examined 10 linear regression models, reported in the literature, five of which were found to provide strong correlation and were validated for predicting noise
arising from traffic. The models are recommended for calculating mixed traffic noise levels and its effects on people living near these inter-city roads.
An improved voice activity detection method based on spectral features and neural network
Authors: Ting Liu , Xinwei Luo
Published: September 2021

The recognition accuracy of speech signal and noise signal is greatly affected under low signal-to-noise ratio. The neural network with parameters obtained from the training set can achieve good results in the existing data, but is poor for the samples with different the environmental
noises. This method firstly extracts the features based on the physical characteristics of the speech signal, which have good robustness. It takes the 3-second data as samples, judges whether there is speech component in the data under low signal-to-noise ratios, and gives a decision tag for
the data. If a reasonable trajectory which is like the trajectory of speech is found, it is judged that there is a speech segment in the 3-second data. Then, the dynamic double threshold processing is used for preliminary detection, and then the global double threshold value is obtained by
K-means clustering. Finally, the detection results are obtained by sequential decision. This method has the advantages of low complexity, strong robustness, and adaptability to multi-national languages. The experimental results show that the performance of the method is better than that of
traditional methods under various signal-to-noise ratios, and it has good adaptability to multi language.
An influence of characteristics of amplitude fluctuation on detectability of alert sound of electric powered vehicles
Authors: Yasui Nozomiko , Miura Masanobu , Shimamura Tetsuya
Published: September 2021

The motor sound on electric powered vehicle is quiet at low speeds. Thus, pedestrians have difficulty detecting the vehicles approaching them under urban noise. Although the vehicles were designed to play an alert sound to solve this problem, it has not been solved yet. Our previous
studies found that characteristics of amplitude fluctuation, fluctuation frequency, non-periodic fluctuation and amplitude envelope, are effective to make them detect approaching vehicles. However, those studies were investigated under only a specific actual environment, weren't examined validity
of detectability in those studies. Here, this paper investigates under another actual environment, examine the validity. Investigations were carried out by using synthesized complex sounds which were designed to have periodic and non-periodic amplitude fluctuations. Those complex sounds have
characteristics of amplitude fluctuations in gasoline powered vehicle. Amplitude envelopes such as modulation wave in amplitude-modulated sound were set for deviations for time and amplitude, and amplitude-modulated complex sounds were synthesized using sine wave, sawtooth wave, and rectangle
wave. Then, their effects on detectability by pedestrians were assessed in another actual environment. The results found that amplitude fluctuation enhances the ability with which people detect approaching electric powered vehicles in case of some complex sound.
Modelling sound wave propagation through corrugated macro-geometry arrangement of porous material for combined heat sink and noise reduction applications
Authors: Ronge Harshavardhan , Krishnan Shankar , Ramamoorthy Sripriya
Published: September 2021

In convective air-cooled heat sink applications with space constraints, corrugated geometries can be used as in-duct sound absorbing structures offering lower duct-flow resistance than other geometries such as block-shape, wedge-shape geometries. Sound wave propagation through this
geometry is presented using a simple 1-D acoustic model. Using the model, acoustic performance of corrugated sample is evaluated in terms of its transmission loss in dB. Thermal resistance and pressure drop values are also reported and compared with acoustic performance as function of number
of corrugations and length of corrugated sample. A rectangular corrugated geometry has alternate inlet and outlet channels separated by porous walls. Sound propagation across this arrangement is modelled by extending prior model from literature with similar geometries. Prior model by Allam
and Åbom (2005) is highly symmetric about the channels and porous walls are modelled by simple steady flow resistance equation. In current work, appropriate considerations are taken into account for the configuration of corrugated geometries suitable to general heat sink applications
and sound wave propagation through porous walls is predicted by using Johnson-Champoux-Allard (jca) model. The porous walls at ends of the geometry are modelled as in acoustically series-parallel network combinations. Further, effect of heat sink temperature on sound wave propagation is also
explored using the model.
TQA-1: The 2010 NAE Technology for a Quieter America (TQA) report and ten years of workshops
Authors: Wood Eric , Maling George , Maling George C. Jr.
Published: September 2021

The Technology for a Quieter America project began in February, 2005 with a request from the project office of the National Academy of Engineering to produce a consensus report on the state of the technology in noise control engineering. A committee was appointed and a series of workshops
on the various TQA topics were held. The TQA report was published by the National Academies Press in 2010. After the report was completed, it became clear that additional studies on specific topics covered in the TQA report would be valuable. These were not to be traditional consensus studies
but workshops organized on an ad hoc basis and approved by the NAE project office. The first workshop was in 2012 on noise from motorcycles and the most recent workshop held in 2020 was on aerial mobility which included drones and air taxis. In all, ten reports have been published and are
available as public information documents from the Institute of Noise Control Engineering. In 2016, the National Academy of Engineering formalized the process for development of workshops in the form of member-initiated activities. There is currently a formal process for the submission and
approval of proposed projects.
Compressed acoustic sealing foam optimization investigation using statistical approach
Authors: Gontier Mathieu , Romeyns Barbara
Published: September 2021

In industry segments such as automotive and industrial equipment the use of compressed porous materials is well known to improve the global acoustic performance of the complete system. Such porous materials should be designed in a specific way in order to reach a significant acoustic
sealing performance at different compression rates. Unfortunately, there are no standard measurement procedures nor predefined material characteristics that allow the selection of the right material with the optimal acoustic performance. The main goal of this research is to link acoustic performance
of compressed porous materials with intrinsic material characteristics using statistical techniques.
Daily fluctuations in aircraft noise exposure around civil airports and military airfields in Japan
Authors: Makino Koichi , Shinohara Naoaki
Published: September 2021

In Japan, yearly average of (day-evening-night sound level) as cumulative noise index has been adopted in national noise guideline of "Environmental Quality Standards for Aircraft Noise." Daily flight movements at civil airports are almost stable because of scheduled airline
flight. On the other, daily total flight movements at military airfields greatly change day to day because of training flights, etc. Thus, noise exposure around the airport may change significantly from day to day due to change of flight movement. This paper shows examples of fluctuations,
frequency distribution and deviation of daily using aircraft noise monitoring data around civil airports and military airfields. In the case of civil airports, standard deviation of daily was less than 5 dB at the monitoring stations where the yearly average of were about 55 dB or more. However,
the standard deviation of daily increased 10 dB or more in some cases at points where yearly average of less than 55 dB. Furthermore, in the case of military airfields, the standard deviation of daily were 5 dB or more for all monitoring stations.
Noise shielding surrogate models using dynamic artificial neural networks
Authors: Centracchio Francesco , Burghignoli Lorenzo , Palma Giorgio , Cioffi Ilaria , Iemma Umberto
Published: September 2021

The optimal design methodologies in aeronautics are known to be constrained by the computational burden required by direct simulations. Due to this reason, the development of efficient metamodelling techniques represents nowadays an imperative need for the designers. In fact, surrogate
models has been demonstrated to significantly reduce the number of high-fidelity evaluations, thus alleviating the computing effort. Over the last years, the aeronautical designers community has switched from a design approach predominantly based on direct simulations to an extensive use of
metamodels. Recently, to further improve the efficiency, several dynamic approaches based on parameters self-tuning have been developed to support the metamodel construction. This work deals with the use of surrogate models based on Artificial Neural Network for the noise shielding of unconventional
aircraft configurations. Here, the insertion loss field of the a Blended Wing Body is reproduced by means of advanced machine learning techniques. The relevant framework is the calculation of the noise emitted by innovative aircraft configurations by means of suitable corrections of existing
well-assessed noise prediction tools. The self-tuning algorithm has demonstrated to be accurate and efficient, and the observed performance discloses the possibility to implement numerical strategies for the reliable and robust unconventional aircraft optimal design
Cough monitoring and pneumonia diagnosis algorithm through analysis of respiratory system-based vibro-acoustic signals and AI technology
Authors: Chung Youngbeen , Kim Narae , Lee Donggeun , Kim Sang-Heon , Park Junhong
Published: September 2021

In case of pneumonia often accompanied by serious complications, sometimes lead to death, early diagnosis and continuous monitoring can greatly reduce the dangerousness. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need for new diagnostic tools that can minimize medical personnel
engagement while avoiding equipment being exposed to afflicted patients. In this study, we developed cough monitoring algorithm by detecting the vibrations of human body. The acceleration response at each part of body was measured to determine propagation characteristics of vibration when
cough occurs. And it was confirmed that the monitoring accuracy was improved when use the vibration signal compared to the case of using only acoustic signal. After that, we analyzed the perceived cough in terms of psych-acoustical and sound-energy aspects. For the characteristic features
derived by quantifying the results of analysis, the data augmentation process was applied, and finally AI-based pneumonia diagnosis algorithm was constructed. To estimate the performance of algorithm, the accuracy of pneumonia determination in new cough cases was verified. It showed the higher
value than the accuracy of pulmonologists with only cough sounds. Therefore, developed algorithm that perform continuous cough monitoring and reliable pneumonia diagnosis can be used as an effective supplementary tool for early diagnosis and prognosis of pneumonia.
Wake-body interaction Noise Simulations by Coupling CFD and BEM
Authors: Mori Masaaki
Published: September 2021

In many engineering applications, the wake-body interaction or body-vortex interaction (BVI) occurs. In the wake-body interaction, vortices shed from an upstream obstacle interact with downstream obstacle and generate noise, for example blades in a turbomachinery, tubes in a heat exchanger,
rotating blades like a helicopter and wind turbine and so on. The rod-airfoil and airfoil-airfoil configurations are typical models for the wake-body interaction. A rod and an airfoil are immersed upstream of the airfoil. In this paper, we reviewed the noise mechanism generated by the wake-body
interaction and show the numerical results obtained by the coupling method using commercial CFD and acoustic BEM codes. The results shows that depending on the spacing between the rod or airfoil and the airfoil, the flow patterns and noise radiation vary. With small spacing, the vortex shedding
from the upstream obstacle is suppressed and it results in the suppression of the sound generation. With large spacing, the shear layer or the vortices shed from the upstream obstacle impinge on the downstream obstacle and it results in the large sound generation. The dominant peak frequency
of the generated sound varies with increasing of the spacing between the two obstacles.
Measurement of loudspeaker mechanical impedance by changing the sound load at the throat of loudspeaker
Authors: Huang Shichun , Yu Liang , Jiang Weikang
Published: September 2021

A loudspeaker is a device that converts electrical energy into acoustic energy by coupling between electrical impedance, mechanical impedance, and radiation impedance. The loudspeaker electro-mechanical-acoustic coupling model provides the experimental feasibility to measure the characteristic
parameters. In this paper, an economical and practical measurement method of loudspeaker mechanical impedance is proposed. First, the mathematical relationship between loudspeaker electrical impedance and mechanical impedance is obtained based on the loudspeaker electro-mechanical-acoustic
coupling model. Second, two electrical impedances with different known radiation impedance are measured by using a developed measurement system. Finally, the real and imaginary parts of the mechanical impedance are obtained according to the mathematical relationship. This method neither assumes
that the loudspeaker mechanical impedance is constant in a frequency band nor does it build FEM models based on structural parameters. A loudspeaker is measured by using a developed measurement system. The result shows that the mechanical impedance and the force factor are functions of frequency.
Moreover, a radiation impedance measurement is performed to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method.
A comparison of the ground excess attenuation model in Harmonoise with finite-difference time-domain solutions under grounds with mixed types
Authors: Koshiba Yusaku , Oshima Takuya
Published: September 2021

Total noise exposure is calculated for the evaluation of health effects caused by environmental noise. For the calculation, computationally drawn noise maps are used. In the computation process, sound propagation over ground surface with mixed types should be calculated for better accuracy.
One engineering model that allows such calculation is the ground excess attenuation model of the Harmonoise model. However, the applicability of the model to such complex grounds remains unclear. In this study, a 40m-length ground surface with a discontinuity in flow resistivity is defined.
By moving the discontinuity position, sound propagation from a point source and a receiver at each end is calculated using the model and a numerical method. The numerical method is the finite-difference time-domain method with porous medium modeling that has been proven to be accurate. It
is found from the numerical results that in higher frequencies the excess attenuations in terms of the discontinuity position have fluctuations. The fluctuations are found to correspond to the interference by diffraction path difference passing the discontinuity. In contrast, the model results
exhibit smooth transition from an extremity of single flow resistivity surface to another. A simple model of such diffraction needs to be developed.
A proposal for standard methods and criteria for the assessment of residential noise complaints
Authors: Toome Mihkel , Meszaros Steve
Published: September 2021

Acoustical consultants often receive inquiries regarding noise complaints, particularly from occupants of multi-unit residential buildings. The noise complaints are typically regarding building services noise, other transient noises caused by the building or building elements, or due
to noise from neighbours. While guidelines with respect to "acceptable" noise intrusion and levels for some sources exist, often the guideline criteria are not applicable, and the assessment must be based on proposed criteria by the acoustical consultant. This can leave uncertainty
and ambiguity in terms of what is and what is not a valid noise complaint. The development of a standard procedure and criteria for the assessment of noise complaints would be a significant undertaking, but would be invaluable to acoustical engineers, multi-unit residential strata/condominium/co-op
board members, property management, and the general public. This paper reviews relevant literature, outlines the major components for consideration in the development of a standard procedure and criteria, and will put forth a recommended framework for a standard approach.
Influence of automobile sealing rib structure on sound insulation performance and optimization of section parameters
Authors: Wu Xian , Jiang TengLong , Shao JianWang , Deng GuoMing , Zhao Meng
Published: September 2021

The door sealing strip plays an important role in the sound insulation of the car, and its sound insulation performance has a great influence on the sound quality and comfort of the vehicle. The sound insulation performance of the seal can be analyzed by Finite Element-Statistic Energy
Analysismodel. There are great differences in the cross-section of the door sealing strip system at different positions, which leads to the difference of sound insulation. Therefore, it is very important to study the sound insulation performance of the sealing strip by studying the parameters
of different sections. This paper explores the influence of the structure of automobile sealing rib on the sound insulation performance. Taking the sound power of the receiving end of the sealing strip as the index, the orthogonal optimization test is carried out for the simplified section
shape of the door seal strip: the wall thickness of the sealing strip, the height of the sealing strip and the rib length. The optimal combination of a set of sealing strip sections is established, and the sound insulation performance of the sealing strip is improved.
Noise perception assessment in urban green spaces using soundwalk approach
Authors: Samani Omid , Zapf Verena , Altinsoy M. Ercan
Published: September 2021

Urban green spaces are intended to provide citizens with calm environments free of annoying city noises. This requires a thorough understanding of noise emission and related exposure to sounds in green spaces. This research investigates noise perception in various spots in an urban
green space. For this purpose, the study has been conducted in the grand garden of the city of Dresden. The garden covers 1.8 square kilometers of various landscapes, including water streams, park railways, fountains, bridges, roads for bicycles and pedestrians etc. Noise perception was investigated
at eleven spots with emphasis on four noise types: nature noise, human noise, traffic noise, and technical noise. In parallel, audio-visual recordings were conducted for each spot to identify the connection between the perceptual measures and the psychoacoustic parameters. These spots are
categorized based on the resulting perception and psychoacoustic parameters. In addition, the visual effect of each spot on final perception is investigated. Eventually, annoyance for each spot is identified based on the corresponding participants' perception and is associated with the relevant
psychoacoustic parameters.
U.S. Federal Aviation Administration Neighborhood Environmental Survey: Study Motivation and Results
Authors: Doyle Sean , Scata Donald , Hileman James
Published: September 2021

As part of the agency's broader noise research program, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has undertaken a multi-year research effort to quantify the impacts of aircraft noise exposure on communities around commercial service airports in the United States (U.S.). The overall
goal of the study was to produce an updated and nationally representative civil aircraft dose-response curve; providing the relationship between annoyance and aircraft noise exposure around U.S. airport communities. To meet this goal, the FAA sponsored a research team to help design and conduct
a national survey, known as the Neighborhood Environmental Survey (NES). By assessing the results of the NES through both internal review and input from public comment, the FAA seeks to better inform its noise research priorities and noise policies. This paper will outline the FAA's motivation
to conduct the NES as well as how its findings will help inform ongoing work to address aircraft noise concerns. Additional information describing the noise methodology and survey methodology are provided in companion papers.
Impact of Partition types on Architecture design studios acoustical environment
Authors: Hossam Eldien Hany , Bongwirnso Umaru
Published: September 2021

Working in Architecture design studios environment requires various activities. Interaction, communication and meetings could affect the speech intelligibility and the speech privacy conditions. Students Areas with a more silent environment are needed with a minimized level of distraction
from surrounding activities, while teamwork and discussion areas with a high level of interaction need a good speech intelligibility. One of the more important elements which can improve the open spaces acoustical conditions is the partitions between workstations.The main purpose of this work
is to evaluate the acoustical performance of four partitions types in open plan offices; 1.10m two sides partition height, 1,50m front side partitions, 1,50m one side partitions and 1.50 two sides partitions. This Study was conducted in the College of Architecture, Imam Abdulrhman Bin Faisal
University, KSA. Based on ISO 3382-3, Speech Transmission Index, STI in the nearest workstation, Distraction distance rD, privacy distance rP, A-weighted background noise level L,A,B and A-weighted SPL of speech at 4 metres L,A,S,4m have been measured. It was found that the best results can
be obtained by 1.50m front side and 1.50m two sides partitions.
Experimental Investigation of Mean Flow Profile Effects on Impedance Eduction
Authors: Kopiev Victor , Ostrikov NIkolay , Denisov Stanislav , Yakovets MIkhail , Ipatov Maxim
Published: September 2021

The results of experimental and computational studies of the three-dimensional mean flow velocity profile influence on the impedance eduction are presented. In order to measure the three-dimensional velocity profile, the TsAGIâ€(tm)s â€œInterferometer with
flowâ€ facility was upgraded so that additional holes were made in one cross section of the rectangular duct. As a result, it became possible to measure the longitudinal flow velocity in this cross section along 6 lines using a Pitot tube or a hot wire anemometer. The full three-dimensional
velocity profile is determined by interpolating the values measured.Experimental results of the velocity profile for various experiment conditions are presented. Based on the numerical solution of the three-dimensional Pridmore-Brown equation by means of Finite Element Method and the gradient
descent method, the problem of impedance eduction are investigated. The influence of the flow velocity profile and the form of functional on the obtained impedance values are discussed. The impedance values educted by means of this approach are compared with the impedance values obtained using
two-dimensional impedance eduction methods, which didnâ€(tm)t taking into account the three-dimensional non homogeneity of the flow velocity field.
Acervos virtuais na web 2.0
Authors: Freitas Santos Raphael , Duane Santos da Costa Elizabeth
Published: September 2021

O texto apresenta resultados parciais de uma pesquisa realizada por uma equipe multidisciplinar, cujo objetivo é construir uma plataforma web para dar acesso aos dados extraídos de inventários post-mortem escritos no século XVIII em Minas Gerais. Para tanto foi construído um banco de dados não-relacional (NoSQL) em substituição a uma base de dados obsoleta elaborada em software proprietário e restrito ao desktop. Durante esse processo foram realizadas várias reflexões sobre o fazer histórico em um contexto eminentemente digital. O objetivo é ampliar o acesso a documentos raros, bem como contribuir para uma nova relação entre a cultura digital, as ciências da informação e a historiografia.
Comida, identidade e xenofobia
Authors: Chang de Almeida Fábio , Darsie Camilo
Published: September 2021

Este texto busca analisar o papel da alimentação como elemento definidor de identidade em discursos da nova direita radical europeia, na primeira década do século XXI. A pesquisa foi centrada no estudo dos eventos de distribuição de sopa para populações carentes, organizados na França no ano de 2006, por grupos de direita radical. Tal sopa era chamada de “sopa identitária”, entre outros nomes, e tinha como ingrediente principal a carne de porco. Tais ações, segundo os seus idealizadores, visavam auxiliar os cidadãos “exclusivamente franceses” que passavam fome naquele país. A ação de distribuição das “sopas identitárias” foi mimetizada por outros grupos de direita radical em países como Inglaterra, Bélgica e Portugal. O caso das “sopas identitárias” ilustra como os discursos da direita radical podem relacionar a comida com uma suposta “defesa das identidades nacionais” diante da “ameaça de invasão” de uma cultura estrangeira.
9/11 and the emergence of Critical Terrorism Studies
Authors: Da Silva Raquel , Martini Alice
Published: September 2021

The attacks of 11 September 2001 have profoundly impacted the field of terrorism studies. In this article we aim to trace, in particular, the impact of this date on the establishment of critical terrorism studies (CTS) as a school of thought. Such an endeavour aims to create an ‘umbrella-term’ to gather scholars from diverse backgrounds, in an attempt to provide a counter-narrative to the dominant, mainstream understanding of terrorism and counter-terrorism. CTS scholarship offers alternative approaches to state-centred, ahistorical, and ‘problem-solving’ standpoints, which have been at the origin of numerous atrocities committed, for example, under the Global War on Terror banner. This article explores the key debates stirred by CTS scholarship over the years, its recent advancements, and existing gaps.
A memória das nações e a dimensão do trauma cultural do 11 de setembro
Authors: Pimenta David
Published: September 2021

Resenha dos livros: Muller, Christine. September 11, 2001 as a Cultural Trauma. New Haven, USA: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017; Wertsch, James V. How Nations Remember: a narrative approach. New York, USA: Oxford University Press, 2021.
nacional desarrollismo al social-desarrollismo
Authors: Crescentino Diego
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo busca formular un análisis macrohistórico en torno a la comprensión de los discursos, las ideas y las claves político-normativas-sociales-económicas a lo largo del periodo 1930-2016, a fin de interpretar las relaciones de poder que posibilitaron la aplicación de diferentes perspectivas de desarrollo. Pretende con ello comprender de qué manera se desplegó el discurso del desarrollo en Brasil a lo largo de un siglo XX por demás conflictivo, y cuáles fueron las condiciones particulares de aplicación de este concepto. Así, el primer epígrafe tiene como objetivo analizar las bases sobre las cuales se asentó la coalición política y económica que dio origen al proyecto nacional-desarrollista, y las particularidades de su aplicación durante los gobiernos desde Vargas hasta Kubitschek. El segundo epígrafe analiza la transformación del modelo a partir de los planes trienales de desarrollo económico de los gobiernos de Quadros y Goulart, las alteraciones generadas de la mano de la dictadura militar y sus programas y planes nacionales de desarrollo, para llegar así al liberal desarrollismo y la constitucionalización de la planificación estatal a través de los planes plurianuales aún vigentes. Por último, el tercer epígrafe tiene como objetivo examinar el surgimiento de la estrategia neodesarrollista durante los gobiernos del Partido de los Trabajadores, sus limitaciones y contradicciones, su transformación en una estrategia social-desarrollista, y finalmente su crisis. Se entiende que un análisis amplio de los procesos históricos y de los distintos modelos de desarrollo puede ofrecer una mejor comprensión de los aspectos políticos y sociales y los límites y retos presentes y futuros para el modelo de desarrollo proyectado en Brasil.
neoconservadorismo norte americano bate às portas do Brasil
Authors: Duarte Peixoto Arthur
Published: September 2021

Resenha do livro: Lacerda, Marina Basso. O Novo Conservadorismo Brasileiro: de Reagan a Bolsonaro. Porto Alegre: Zouk, 2019.
A CIÊNCIA LATINO-AMERICANA RELACIONADA À HANSENÍASE: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO
Authors: Cardoso Daniel Madeira , Madeira Roberta Pamplona Frade , Marques Nathália dos Santos , de Resende Sara Fiorillo Rocha , Viegas Junior Lucas Gomes , Ervilha Isabela Patrício de Souza , da Silva Junior Robson Jose , Fonseca Marco Aurélio Libório Sinhorini , Gonçalves Samanta de Abreu , Quarto Lucas Capita
Published: September 2021

A hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae. A moléstia pode acarretar incapacidade física, incluindo complicações graves como: garras, úlceras tróficas, reabsorções ósseas ou lesões oftalmológicas. O Brasil é o segundo na relação de nações com maior número de casos, atrás somente da Índia. Ademais, outras nações latino-americanas registraram proporções importantes de casos com incapacidades expressivas nos últimos anos. Desse modo, o objetivo do presente trabalho consiste em caracterizar a produção científica latino-americana relacionada à hanseníase a partir da base Scopus. Trata-se de um estudo bibliométrico com o descritor de busca “leprosy” realizado em maio de 2021. Incluíram-se as variáveis: país de origem, ano, instituição, modalidade de publicação, área do conhecimento, periódico e autor. Para avaliar a progressão temporal das pesquisas, aplicou-se a regressão linear simples no programa estatístico Graphpad Prism 7, com valores de p<0,05 fixados como significativos. Totalizaram-se 1.978 publicações latino-americanas sobre hanseníase em todo o período estudado. Os países mais produtivos foram: Brasil (n=1.632; 82,51%), México (n=124; 6,27%), Colômbia (n=89; 4,50%), Argentina (n=58; 2,93%) e Cuba (n=29; 1,47%). Em se tratando de parceiros externos, os Estados Unidos da América auxiliaram em 245 (12,38%) trabalhos; e o Reino Unido em 89 (4,49%). No que concerne à progressão temporal das pesquisas, o ano com menor quantidade de estudos foi 2006 (n=71; 3,58%); enquanto o maior corresponde a 2018 (n=204; 10,31%), com conclusão da série histórica em 2020 com 167 (8,84%) estudos. Houve correlação entre o avanço do tempo e o aumento no número de manuscritos (p=0,0002). É interessante citar que o passar dos anos explica em 67,61% o incremento no número de trabalhos (r2=0,6761). Também houve destaque para: Instituição Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (n=331; 17,73%), modalidade artigo (n=1570; 79,37%), periódico Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia (n=130; 6,57%), área médica (n=1623; 82,05%) e autor Sarno, E.N. (afiliado à Fundação Oswaldo Cruz) (n=131; 6,62%). Diante da relevância do tema, torna-se imperativo o maior investimento em estudos latino-americanos sobre hanseníase.
Nomenclatural Revision of Heliotropiaceae Names Linked to Southern Cone Taxa
Authors: Moroni Pablo , Mirra Fabiana , Luebert Federico , O'Leary Nataly
Published: September 2021

During the preparation of the treatment of the family Heliotropiaceae for Argentina, several names were identified as needing typification to stabilize their nomenclature. As a result, lectotypes are designated for six names (Heliophytum anchusifolium (Poir.) DC. var. angustifolium DC., Heliotropium claussenii A. DC. f. robustior Chodat, H. inundatum Sw. f. elliptica Chodat & Hassl., H. margaritense Hassl. ex I. M. Johnst., H. salicoides Cham., and Tournefortia elegans Cham.) and second-step lectotypes for two names (Heliotropium andinum Rusby and H. maximum Chodat & Hassl.). Furthermore, remarks on types of three names (Heliotropium chrysanthum Phil., H. rugosum Phil., and T. paniculata Cham.) are provided.
APAKAH PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH DAN MURABAHAH MENINGKATKAN PROFITABILITAS?
Authors: Syihabuddin Mohamad Naufal , Mubarokah Isyro'iyatul
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembiayaan mudharabah dan murabahah dalam meningkatkan profitabilitas. Analisis linier berganda dipilih sebagai metode dengan jumlah sampel empat bank Syariah. Penelitian menemukan bahwa pembiayaan mudharabah tidak dapat meningkatkan profitabilitas, karena bentuk pembiayaan yang menerapkan asas profit and loss sharing. Di sisi lain pembiayaan murabahah meningkatkan  profitabilitas karena pembiayaan menganut prinsip jual beli yang membuat tingkat pengembalian dan keuntungan menjadi stabil.

Abstract

This study seeks to determine the effect of mudharabah and murabahah financing in increasing profitability. Multiple linear analysis was chosen as the method with a total sample of four Islamic banks. The study found that mudharabah financing cannot increase profitability, because the form of financing applies the principle of profit and loss sharing. On the other hand, murabaha financing increases profitability because the financing adheres to the principle of buying and selling which makes the rate of return and profit stable.
An Analysis of Food Insecurity in Pakistan: Prevalence of Undernourishment (PoU) and Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)
Authors: Afridi Ghulam Sadiq , Jabbar Abdul , Khan Shahzad , Akmal Nadeem
Published: September 2021

This study covers only SDG target 2.1 (2.1.1-Prevalance of Undernourishment and 2.1.2-Food Insecurity Experience Scale). Though FAO is the custodian organization for estimating these targets across the globe, however, it is the first ever attempt for estimating these targets by PARC-MNFS&R. HIES data for the year 2018-19 has been used for estimation of these targets and compared with the results of HIES-2015-16 estimated by FAO. According to the results 18.38 percent households are undernourished in Pakistan and this situation is worse in urban areas (23.43%) compared with rural areas (16.61%). Punjab has highest proportion of undernourished individuals/households with 21.48 percent followed by Sindh province with 17.40 percent households. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has the lowest proportion of 12.67 percent and Baluchistan with 16.95 percent households. National level results of FIES supports the results of PoU except urban/rural order. According to FIES results, about 16 percent of the households (individuals) are moderate and/or severe food insecure with more than 02 percent as severe food insecure in Pakistan. Sindh province shows highest proportion with more than 19 percent followed by KP province with nearly 17 percent households as moderate and severe food insecure.  However, highest proportions of more than 03 percent households were found as severe food insecure in Punjab province. In conclusion Pakistan has shown tremendous achievements towards the Zero Hunger Targets by 2030, however, more efforts are needed for sustainable agriculture and food system in order to address the food insecurity level through better access and availability of food. Awareness campaign about healthy and nutritious food intake, and measures for adoption of dietary guidelines are recommended for preventing undernourishment.
Treatment of Slaughterhouse Wastewater by Integrated Anaerobic/Aerobic Bioreactors Loaded with Immobilized Nanoporous Activated Carbon
Authors: Maharaja P. , Mahesh M. , Patchaimurugan N. , Swarnalatha S. , Sekaran G.
Published: September 2021

Slaughterhouse wastewater consists of moderate to high strength complex wastewater comprising about 45% soluble and 55% coarse suspended organics exhibiting high COD and BOD levels. Conventional wastewater treatment methods cannot effectively treat slaughterhouse wastewater. Thus, a four-stage sequential anaerobic/aerobic immobilized bio reactor system comprising a two stage Fluidized Anaerobic immobilized Reactor (FAIR – I and FAIR – II), a Fluidized Immobilized Cell Carbon Oxidation (FICCO) reactor and a Chemo Autotrophic Activated Carbon Oxidation (CAACO) reactor was tested in a slaughterhouse treating wastewater between 3 m3 /day to 17 m3 /day. Nanoporous activated carbon (NPAC) was used for the immobilization of microorganisms in all of the reactors. The NPAC BET surface area was found to be 291 m2/g with the average pore diameter of 28 Å. Spin density (free electrons) in the NPAC, was calculated to be 16 x 1018 spins/g using ESR spectroscopy. The overall NH3-N, TKN, COD and BOD removal efficiency was 64%, 71%, 82% and 85% respectively. Multivariate analysis (PCA and cluster analysis) found that the COD removal by the FICCO and CAACO reactors is more efficient than the FAIR reactors. The treatment was confirmed through UV-visible and UV-fluorescence spectroscopic analysis.
Hacia políticas tecnológicas de calidad en la educación superior. Evaluación de los servicios universitarios de producción de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación
Authors: Cabero Almenara Julio , Fernández Batanero José María
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo forma parte de una investigación realizada para el Ministerio de Educación español en el marco del programa de Estudios y Análisis. Teniendo como marco políticas tecnológicas eficaces y siendo conscientes del papel que las TICs, y especialmente las telemáticas, desempeñarán en la Universidad de siglo XXI hemos procedido al diseño de una Guía (criterios y descriptores) para la evaluación, de indudable referente para la creación y desarrollo de Servicios Universitarios de Producción de TICs. Esto a sido posible gracias a las aportaciones de un amplio número de investigadores y colaboradores, que mediante una combinación metodológica (análisis documental, análisis de web, entrevistas, cuestionario...) nos llevan a proponer un instrumento de evaluación de estos servicios, que bien podría transferirse o generalizarse a otros contextos universitarios.
El lugar de las TIC en la agenda política educativa argentina del siglo XXI
Authors: Barrionuevo María Belén
Published: September 2021

Con relación a la incorporación de las TIC, dentro del sistema educativo argentino, es posible reconocer, dentro de la política educativa, dos momentos fundamentales. Una primera instancia, en que la política educativa se centraba en cuestiones básicas tales como: estructura y aprovisionamiento de equipos, dejando de lado aspectos vinculados con lo específicamente pedagógico – didáctico – curricular. En una segunda instancia, ese lugar de las TIC comienza a perfilarse con mayor nitidez, y a las cuestiones básicas de mobiliario, aprovisionamiento e infraestructura, se comienzan a incorporar otras, como la búsqueda de un sentido pedagógico.

Esta irrupción de las TIC en el escenario escolar, ha planteado innumerables interrogantes y, paralelamente, desafíos relacionados con las propuestas pedagógicas, los recursos didáctico metodológicos, la formación docente, el aprendizaje, la evaluación, entre muchos otros.
Política autonómica gallega para la mejora del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje a través de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Juan Luis
Published: September 2021

Se describe la política educativa que se ha desarrollado recientemente en España para la integración curricular de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en los centros educativos no universitarios, especificando el caso concreto de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia.

En cumplimiento de la nueva Ley Orgánica de Educación (LOE) que afecta a España, la Comunidad gallega ha desarrollado este año un nuevo currículo educativo para Educación Primaria y Educación Secundaria Obligatoria que incide en la importancia de la competencia del “tratamiento de la información y la competencia digital” así como la obligatoriedad de desarrollar un Plan de Integración de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en todos los centros educativos para el curso 2007/2008.
Reflexiones sobre la evaluación de la calidad del aprendizaje en la práctica pedagógica en la escuela primaria
Authors: Leyva Leyva Luis Manuel , Proenza Garrido Yolanda , Leyva Leyva José Luis , Cristo Varona Roberto , Romero Rodríguez Raúl
Published: September 2021

Las categorías dominios de contenidos, dominios cognitivos, niveles de asimilación y niveles de desempeño cognitivos, introducida en los análisis mediante los cuales se interpretan los resultados de la evaluación de la calidad del aprendizaje en las diferentes educaciones en nuestro país, han ganado espacio en su uso en la práctica pedagógica. Por consiguiente, ofrecer algunas reflexiones sobre estos aspectos es el fin del presente trabajo.