bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated Scoring in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: An Empirical Study with Turkish Essays
Authors: AYDIN Burak , Kışla Tarık , Elmas Nursel Tan , Bulut Okan
Published: February 2025

Automated scoring (AS) has gained significant attention as a tool to enhance the efficiency and reliability of assessment processes. Yet, its application in low-resource languages, such as Turkish, remains limited. This study addresses this gap by empirically evaluating AS for Turkish using a zero-shot approach with a rubric powered by OpenAI’s GPT-4o. A dataset of 590 essays written by learners of Turkish as a second language was scored by professional human raters and an artificial intelligence (AI) model integrated via a custom-built interface. The scoring rubric, grounded in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, assessed six dimensions of writing quality. Results revealed a strong alignment between human and AI scores with a Quadratic Weighted Kappa of 0.93, Pearson correlation of 0.73, and an overlap measure of 83.5%. Analysis of rater effects showed minimal influence on score discrepancies, though factors such as experience and gender exhibited modest effects. These findings demonstrate the potential of AI-driven scoring in Turkish, offering valuable insights for broader implementation in underrepresented languages. The limitations of the study, such as reliance on single-rater scores and focusing on a specific task type, highlight avenues for future research to expand and refine the proposed approach.
One Track Mind: Secondary Effects in School Choice and Social Capital in a Stratified System
Authors: Zwier Dieuwke
Published: February 2025

At similar performance levels, socio-economically advantaged students typically choose more demanding and prestigious educational paths than their less advantaged peers. Such secondary effects are often studied in school continuation decisions or track choice but may also manifest in school choice, offering an alternative avenue for parental influence in education. This studyexamines secondary effects in school choice, and the role of social capital – resources embedded in peer and parental networks in primary school – in these patterns within the context of the Netherlands. I rely on linked sociometric and full-population register data for Dutch students who have recently transitioned to secondary school. Hypotheses are tested using fixed effects regressionmodels to account for (self-)selection into primary school. Results indicate that secondary school choice is socially stratified: Students from higher socio-economic status (SES) backgrounds tend to avoid pre-vocational schools, prefer pre-university schools, and opt for heterogeneous classes at intermediate performance levels. There is limited evidence for the relation between socialcapital and the type of school chosen. A notable exception is that lower SES students are less likely to enroll in pre-vocational schools if their parents are integrated into resource-rich networks in primary school, suggesting that such networks may play a compensatory role by discouraging decisions that hinder upward-track mobility.
'थाङ्का' निबन्धमा प्रयुक्त सम्बद्धक युक्ति
Authors: Poudel Himmaya
Published: February 2025

प्रस्तुत लेख व्यावसायिक विषयवस्तुमा आधारित ‘थाङ्का’ निबन्धको साङ्कथनिक अध्ययनमा आधारित छ । सङ्कथन विश्लेषणका मुख्य पक्ष सम्बद्धक र सम्बद्धनमध्ये सम्बद्धक र त्यसमा पनि व्याकरणिक सम्बद्धक उपयोगका दृष्टिले प्रस्तुत निबन्धको सूक्ष्म विश्लेषण गर्नु यस लेखको मुख्य उद्देश्य रहेको छ । यसमा व्याकरणिक सम्बद्धकका सन्दर्भन, प्रतिस्थापन, विलोपन र संयोजन प्ररूपका मूल्य मान्यताबाट तथ्यहरूको खोजी गर्नुका साथै प्राप्त नतिजाको विश्लेषण गरी प्रस्तुत निबन्धको साङ्कथनिक र शैक्षणिक स्तर निरुपण गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धानमा आधारित यस लेखमा संयोजन सबैभन्दा बढी र विलोपन कम प्रयोग भएको देखिन्छ । संयोजनको अधिकताले विचारलाई अंश अंशमा अलग्याएर सुबोध्य ठह¥याउन मद्दत गरेको देखिन्छ । प्रस्तुत निबन्धमा अभाव रहेको क्रियात्मक विलोपन तथा न्यून रूपमा प्रयुक्त तुलनात्मक सन्दर्भन, क्रियात्मक प्रतिस्थापन र उपवाक्यात्मक विलोपनले भाषाको अत्यधिक कसिलो बुनोटलाई खुकुलो बनाएको प्रस्ट हुन्छ । व्याकरणिक सम्बद्धकको प्रयोग सन्तुलित नदेखिए पनि तिनले तर्कपूर्ण विचार एवम् धारणा सम्प्रेषणमा व्यवधान सिर्जना गरेका छैनन् । निबन्धमा प्रयुक्त ती सम्बद्धकहरू विषयको सन्दर्भपूर्ण अन्वितिमा नै आबद्ध देखिन्छन् । त्यसैगरी ती सम्बद्धकहरूले पूर्ववर्ती विषय एवम् सन्दर्भलाई पश्चवर्ती सन्दर्भको संयोजन गर्नमा पनि उल्लेख्य भूमिका निर्वाह गरेको देखिन्छ । तसर्थ प्रस्तुत निबन्ध व्याकरणिक सम्बद्धक प्रयोगका आधारमा साङ्कथनिक र शैक्षणिक दृष्टिले पठनीय रहेको लेखको निष्कर्ष रहेको छ ।
Diversity of Contents in Dhrubesh Chandra Regmi’s Music, Myth and Melody: A Brief History of Nepali Music
Authors: Sharma Yam Prasad
Published: February 2025

Prof. Dr. Dhrubesh Chandra Regmi’s book Music, Myth and Melody: A Brief History of Nepali Music presents the history of Nepali music in concise form analyzing multiple genres of music including classical, spiritual, folk, ethnic, modern and contemporary music, compositions and instruments. The work traces the roots of Nepali music along with the evolution and development. Professor Regmi emphasizes the significance of classical music in composition of aesthetic forms in contemporary times. Time, place and context affect the development of art. Socio-political and economic condition of the country is closely connected to the creation of art. Royal patronage helped in the institutionalization and development of Nepali music. The blend of classical and native folk music has given unique identity to Nepali music. The book introduces most of the dynamics and genres of the music and indicates the directions for further exploration and research. The coherence, clarity and conciseness in presentation makes the reading experience rich. The book is equally useful to the music students, teachers, researchers and general readers as well.
नेपालमा तबला वादनको विकासमा भएका कार्यहरू
Authors: Dhakal Wenkatesh
Published: February 2025

तबलावादनको सुरुवात खयालगायन शैलीसँग सङ्गत वाद्यका रुपमा भएको मानिएको छ । खयालगायन शैलीमा सङ्गत वाद्यका रुपमा वादनको सुरुवात गरिएको तबलावाद्य वर्तमान समयमा गायनका अन्य शैलीहरूकासाथै तन्त्री, शुषिर आदि वाद्ययन्त्रहरू एवम् कत्थकनृत्यमा सङ्गत वाद्यका रुपमा प्रयोग हुने गर्दछ । वर्तमान समयमा प्रचलनमा रहेका गायन, वादन तथा नृत्य विधामा सङ्गत वाद्यका रुपमा प्रयोग हुने तबलावादनको प्रारम्भ उस्ताद सिद्धार खाँद्वारा भएको तथ्यमा मतैक्यता रहेको छ । तबलावादन प्रारम्भकर्ताको विषयमा एकमत रहेतापनि तबला आविष्कर्ताका बारेमा हालसम्म मतैक्यता प्राप्त गर्न सकिएको छैन । नेपालमा प्रकाशित सङ्गीतका विभिन्न पुस्तक एवम् अनुसन्धानबाट नेपालएकीकरण पूर्व नै गोरखा दरवारमा भारतबाट खयालगायक, सितारवादक एवम् कत्थकनृत्य आदि विधाका कलाकारहरू आउने प्रचलन रहेको तथ्य प्राप्त भएबाट ति कलाकारहरूका साथमा तबलावादक पनि पक्कै आएका थिए भन्ने अनुमान लगाउन सकिन्छ । प्रस्तुत आलेखमा नेपालमा लामो समयबाट वादन हुँदै आइरहेको तबला विषयमा हालसम्म विशेष गरेर काठमाडौँ उपत्यकामा भएका प्रशिक्षण, प्रचारप्रसार, प्रतियोगिता, रोजगारी, मानसम्मान÷पुरष्कार, प्रकाशन, सम्मेलन आदिका बारेमा चर्चा गरिएको छ । आलेखको अध्ययन पश्चात् नेपालमा तबलावादन विषयसँग सम्बन्धित समुदाय, प्रशिक्षक एवम् विद्यार्थीहरूलाई तबलावादनको विकासमा सरकारी संस्थाहरूबाट भएका अनेक कार्यका बारेमा जानकारी प्राप्त हुनेछ । गुणात्मक विधिमा रहेको प्रस्तुत आलेख तयार गर्नका लागि प्रमुखतः द्वितीयक श्रोतको उपयोग गरिनुका साथै लेखकको अनुभव पनि यथायोग्य प्रयोग गरिएको छ ।
Tabala playing is considered to have started as an instrument to accompany Khayal singing style. Tabala, which was started as an accompaniment instrument in Khayal singing style, is currently used along with other styles of singing, instruments like Tantri, Shushir etc. and as an accompaniment instrument in Kathak dance. There is a consensus on the fact that Tabla Vadya, which is used as an accompaniment instrument to the singing, playing and dancing styles prevalent at present, was started by Ustad Siddhar Khan. While there is unanimity regarding the originator of tabla playing, no unanimity has been achieved so far regarding the inventor of Tabala. According to the various books and research on music published in Nepal, before the unification of Nepal, there was a trend of artists from genres like, Khayal singing, Sitar and Kathak dance etc, in Gorkha Durbar. It can be inferred that along with these artists, percussionists also came. In this article, the subject of Tabala playing in Nepal has been discussed, especially the training, promotion, competition, employment, honors/awards, publications, conferences etc. held in Nepal. After studying the article, researchers will get information about the works done by the government institutions for the development of Tabala in Nepal To prepare the present article, in qualitative method, mainly secondary sources as well as the experience of the author have been used appropriately.
नेपाली सङ्गीतको प्रतिलिपी अधिकारः चुनौती र समाधानका उपायहरू
Authors: बर्तौला प्रभा
Published: February 2025

वर्तमान समयमा सङ्गीत उपभोगको परम्परागत पद्धतिलाई डिजिटल पद्धतिले विस्थापित गरेका कारण सङ्गीत उत्पादन, वितरण र प्रदर्शनका गतिविधिहरु सरलता तर्फ उन्मुख भएको छ । प्रविधिको विकाशले सङ्गीतको विकाशसंगै प्रतिलिपि अधिकारको रक्षा जस्ता यसले चुनौतिहरुको सिर्जना गरेको छ । जसका कारण प्रतिलिपी अधिकार उलङ्घनको घट्नाहरु क्रमिक रुपमा बढ्दै गएका छन । प्रतिलिपि भनेको सिर्जनात्मक कार्यको हुबहु नक्कल गर्नु हो, र अधिकार भनेको कानूनी वा नैतिक विशेष सुविधा हो । नेपाली सङ्गीतको प्रतिलिपी अधिकार चुनौती र समाधानका उपायहरु विषयमा गरिएको यस अनुसन्धानात्मक अध्ययनले प्रतिलिपी अधिकारसँग सम्बन्धित प्रमुख समस्याहरूको बारेमा व्याख्या तथा विश्लेषण गर्दै व्यावहारिक हिसाबले समाधानका मार्गहरु खोजी गर्ने प्रयास गरेको छ । नेपाली सङ्गीत क्षेत्रमा डिजिटल पद्धतिसंग सम्बन्धित अधिकार उत्पन्न भएको चुनौती र समाधानका उपाएहरुका सम्बन्धमा प्रस्तुत आलेख तयार पारिएको छ । मुख्यत आईटी विज्ञसंगको अन्तरवार्ता र पुर्व प्रकाशित लेख, रचना र पुस्तकहरुलाई आधार मानेर यस अनुसन्धनात्मक कार्यलाई सम्पन्न गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत लेख विषेशत सङ्गीत सर्जक, स्रोता, उत्पादक, वितरक लगायत अध्ययनकर्ताहरुको लागि पनि सहयोगी हुनेछ ।
At present, due to the traditional method of music consumption being replaced by digital method, the activities of music production, distribution and performance have become oriented towards simplicity. As technology has evolved, music has also evolved, creating challenges such as protecting copyright rights. Due to which the incidents of copyright infringement gradually increased. Copy means copying a creative work exactly, and rights means legal or moral special privilege. In this research study conducted on the challenge of copyright rights in Nepali music and its solution, an attempt has been made to explain and analyze the major problems related to copyright and find ways to solve them in a practical manner. The presented article has been prepared regarding the challenges that have arisen related to the digital system in the Nepali music sector and the solutions to them. This research work has been carried out mainly based on interviews with IT experts and previously published articles, writings and books. The presented article will also be helpful for the creators, sources, producers, distributors and researchers of special music.
भोजपुरी मातृभाषी विद्यार्थीहरुको नेपाली भाषा सिकाइमा प्रभाव
Authors: Yadav यादव Satyandra Prasad सतेन्द्रप्रसाद
Published: February 2025

Available in full text.
Behavioral factors on Investment Decisions in the Nepalese Stock Market
Authors: Babu Ram Panthi  , Samikshya Gurung
Published: February 2025

This study explores the influence of perceived behavioral factors on investment decisions in the Nepalese Stock Market (NEPSE). It assesses whether heuristic behaviors, prospect theory, market variables, and herding influence investment decisions and performance. A sample of 350 investors was selected using a random sampling technique, and data were collected through structured questionnaires. The study uses descriptive and analytical research designs to analyze the relationship between behavioral factors and investment decisions. The results show that heuristic variables, such as reliance on personal expertise and trend-following, significantly impact investment performance. However, prospect and market variables and herding behavior exhibit no significant effect on investment outcomes. The study highlights that while investors often depend on cognitive shortcuts, numerous unexplored factors influence their performance. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and market analysts seeking to understand the behavioral drivers in emerging markets like Nepal.
RIAS Editorial Policy / Stylesheet
Authors: Editors RIAS
Published: February 2025

Information on the RIAS editorial policy and stylesheet for RIAS Contributors.
Peace, War, and Critique
Authors: Mariani Giorgio
Published: February 2025

This article offers a brief exploration of the contradictory meanings of "war" and "peace", beginning with the ways in which, paradoxically, one term is supposed to engender its opposite. Inspired by sources as diverse as James Madison, Ralph Waldo Emerson, William James, and Judith Butler, the author tries to imagine what it would take to break the war-and-peace continuum.
Walking with and on Turtle Island: Indigenous Activist and Artistic Expressions in North America as Counter-Mapping Practices
Authors: Sen-Podstawska Sabina Sweta
Published: February 2025

Indigenous Peoples have expressed, remembered, and performed spatial orientation, imaginations, and relations as part of their various movements across Turtle Island (the North American continent according to some Indigenous Nation’s creation stories), including migration, trading, hunting, gathering, and also the forced displacement of Indigenous Peoples from their ancestral lands to reserves. Gwilym Lucas Eades’ (2016) research demonstrates how Indigenous communities understand spatial imagination and use maps and digital media to express their cultural identity, reclaim land and assert their sovereignty, tell stories, transmit cultural knowledge, and counter colonial narratives through counter-mapping showing the essence of one’s spatial awareness. In the context of this study, I understand counter-mapping as a form of activism against dominant power structures to restore the voices and perspectives of Indigenous nations that oppose Western notions of place and spatial imagination and question the arbitrarily imposed by colonization borders between different areas on earth, between people and between nature and man. This paper explores three different forms of walking experiences as Indigenous counter-mapping practices. The protest walk initiated by David Kawapit, known as the Journey of Nishiyuu or the Journey of the People, a 1,600-kilometer journey of a group of young Cree walkers from Whapmagoostui, Quebec to Parliament Hill in Ottawa to support the Idle no More movement marks a contemporary activist expression of embodied mapping through journeying. The traveling art installation project Walking With Our Sisters, honoring the lives of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls in Canada, demonstrates how Indigenous artists bridge the walking and traveling experience to enact a counter-mapping practice for resurgence and healing of the community. Finally, Frost Exploding Trees Moon, a solo performance choreographed by Michelle Olson and Floyd Favel, presents how Indigenous performers draw from travel stories and nomadic experiences of their ancestors to establish contemporary artistic expressions of embodied mapping as forms of resistance to colonial narratives. Drawing from decolonial cartographic approaches and Indigenous perspectives on land and mapmaking, these Indigenous activist and artistic performances of journeying are theorized as counter-mapping practices offering decolonial mapping of Turtle Island and embodied healing.
Life Matters: The Human Condition in the Age of Pandemics (An Introduction)
Authors: Vargas-Cetina Gabriela , Kang Manpreet Kaur
Published: February 2025

The world has recently experienced the ravages of the COVID-19 epidemic and new, terrible wars. The pandemic and the wars now being waged show us how fragile human life is on our planet. The facts that the COVID-19 virus came originally from one or more animals that are part of the human food chain, and that the viruses themselves are forms of life very different from plants and animals, have altered our perception of our place in the world. Wars fought in this changed biological context have also shown how precarious the balance of power is in what we have come to see as a global humanity. Scholars in the fields of Humanities and Cultural Studies have risen to the occasion by focusing on the cultural effects of biological and war-time violence-related catastrophes. In this issue of RIAS focusing on the Americas and their influence on the world, we look at the implications of pandemics and wars, and human reactions to similar threats in the past, such as the pandemic of the Spanish flu which decimated soldiers during World War I. And once again, literature comes to our rescue in the time of heightened angst, showing us paths of the mind already present in American literature that may nudge us in a better direction. Existential homelessness, Buddhism, and meditation, also appear here as “life matters,” and that in the double sense: they are both matters of life and signals that life, and especially human life, must matter.
Decolonizing Justice: Indigenous Feminist Activism in Mary Kathryn Nagle’s Sovereignty
Authors: Riccetti Sara
Published: February 2025

This article offers an analysis of the 2018 play Sovereignty by Cherokee playwright, lawyer, and activist Mary Kathryn Nagle. First performed at the Arena Stage Theatre in Washington DC, Sovereignty unfolds over two parallel timelines: present-day Oklahoma and the early 1800s in the southern Appalachians. In the present day, young Cherokee lawyer Sarah Ridge Polson and Cherokee Attorney General Jim Ross defend the inherent jurisdiction of the Cherokee Nation under the Violence Against Women Act in a pivotal case before the US Supreme Court. This modern struggle is juxtaposed with scenes from the 1800s, where their ancestors grapple with a proposed treaty with Andrew Jackson’s administration, leading to the signing of the Treaty of New Echota and the Trail of Tears. By juxtaposing historical and contemporary events, Nagle illuminates the enduring effects of government policies and laws that continue to render Indigenous people, particularly Indigenous women, vulnerable. This article explores how Sovereignty exemplifies Indigenous feminist literary activism through performative counter-storytelling, a method that enacts decolonization and reframes the stage as a critical space for asserting Indigenous performative sovereignty and self-determination. Using an Indigenous feminist literary critical approach, this article shows how Nagle constructs a counter-narrative that advances decolonization by addressing gendered outcomes of colonial law, challenging patriarchal cultural practices of misrepresentation, and embodying “radical relationality”—a concept of collective political organization based on principles of interdependency and responsibility. Through the character of Sarah Ridge Polson and her activism to restore sovereignty over her body and her nation, Sovereignty exemplifies Indigenous feminist activism through theater, reasserting Indigenous women as agents of cultural transmission and tribal values, illustrating that tribal sovereignty and gender empowerment are inherently interconnected and mutually reinforcing.
Hemispheric and Transoceanic Narratives of American Travels: An Introduction
Authors: Pisarek Adam , Orzeł Barbara
Published: February 2025

Hemispheric and transoceanic narratives of American travels originated amidst an almost infinite, multidirectional, transoceanic mobility of people, goods, and lifestyles. Such multiplicity, impossible to reduce to a few organizing principles, defies confinement within any single explanatory framework. To meet this challenge, therefore, we open RIAS to this abundance, taking a step toward the decolonization of the narrative(s) of hemispheric and transoceanic American travels and of thereto related research. Embracing the non-homogeneity of the plethora of the scattered, and sometimes incoherent narratives—whose functions (and functionalizations) change, and whose perspectives vary—we emphasize the polyphony of voices. To decolonize such a multifaceted discourse, in this issue of RIAS we gathered articles which decentralize the conceptualization of travel narratives as necessarily bound with the idea of representation, disentangle the intertwined perspectives from which transoceanic narratives emerge and answer again to the question what it means to travel.
Land-Based Theatre and Performance in Sovereign Artistic Ceremonies of Selected Indigenous Artists from Canada
Authors: Sojka Eugenia
Published: February 2025

The article focuses on the problem of Indigenous theatrical sovereignty which is examined on the basis of theater/performance theories and practices by such Aboriginal artists/theorists/performers from Canada as Floyd Favel, Monique Mojica and Kim Senklip Harvey. The theoretical framework of this study focuses on the decolonization and indigenization of theatrical practices, and specifically on theater as artistic ceremony and theater as a research methodology. The selected artists vehemently oppose colonial violence, exploitation and marginalization of Indigenous populations, their lands and cultures. They are interested in the reclamation and revitalization of Indigenous philosophies and traditions via theater/performance. They explore the development of dramatic techniques informed by Indigenous philosophies rooted in the Indigenous holistic concept of the land as sacred, as a living entity, and an archive of stories. They believe in the plural nature of reality, and they honor non-anthropocentric perspectives and relational worldviews. Each of the artists is discussed with reference to theories and methods informed by research into their specific cultures and knowledges, which they reclaim and transform into performance. Favel is discussed as a pioneer of Indigenous dramaturgies whose principles were abstracted from selected elements of his Plains Cree cultural traditions. His “Native Performance Culture” is the first documented theory and method consciously created from Aboriginal heritage. Mojica’s methods are shown as developed from her research into structures and principles abstracted from mola, the textile art of her ancestors, Kuna people, as well as from her embodied research into pre-contact earthworks and mounds. Harvey’s innovative theater methodologies, “Salish Earthing” and “Fire Creation Methodology,” are reflected upon as grounded in her strong relation to the Salish land. The artists challenge the Western theatre conventions, and replace them with sovereign land-based Indigenous theater/performance processes and methodologies, aiming to create the acts of healing, community making, resurgence, survivance, as well as the respect and care for the land and all creation. They offer hope at the time of diverse global environmental, social and cultural crises.
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights Knowledge and Learning Experiences of 1.5-Generation Bangladeshi Women in Toronto: An Intersectional Analysis
Authors: Nowshin Nahela , Kapiriri Lydia , Davison Colleen M.
Published: February 2025

Sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) knowledge plays a critical role in preventing risky sexual behaviours and protecting overall health. Little is known about the SRHR knowledge of 1.5-generation Bangladeshi women in Canada, an immigrant subpopulation who remain understudied in health research. Using an intersectional lens, this study explored the SRHR knowledge and learning experiences of 1.5-generation women of Bangladeshi origin in Toronto, Ontario. Ten women aged 18–22 were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling. Narratives were collected on several aspects of SRHR knowledge, including sex education in elementary and secondary school in Canada and sources of information. The findings revealed knowledge gaps related to STDs/STIs, methods of transmission, prevention and symptoms, and contraception. Differences in the scope of SRHR topics learnt in school were observed, and the depth of learning was not sufficient. Sex education uptake in secondary school was low. SRHR knowledge formation is multidimensional, dynamic, and interdependent in nature. Social identities such as age, ethnicity, gender, and religion intersect to shape knowledge within the larger context of culture of origin, family, school-based sexual health education, country of emigration, social interactions with peers, media, and the Internet. Knowledge gaps in critical areas of SRHR increase the risk of adverse health outcomes among 1.5-generation young Bangladeshi women. Increased monitoring at the district and provincial levels is necessary to improve the quality of sex education in schools in Toronto. Culturally appropriate community-based initiatives are recommended to address the SRHR information needs of Bangladeshi immigrant youth in Toronto.
New Women and/in Masculine Spaces: The Anti-Feminism of the Pen and Pencil Club of Montreal, 1895–1915
Authors: Gélinas-Faucher Claudine
Published: February 2025

Using close reading of archival material, this paper uncovers the anti-feminist underpinnings of the Pen and Pencil Club of Montreal, amidst which Stephen Leacock and Andrew Macphail spent their formative years as writers. It examines four instances of the artistic and literary output of the Club’s members from 1895 to 1915: William McLennan’s unpublished poem “The New Woman,” a drawing by Edmond Dyonnet, a watercolour by Kenneth Macpherson, and a published book entitled A Semi-Detached House and Other Stories, written by J. Try-Davies and illustrated by fellow member Robert Harris. The period covering this production leads up to and culminates with the publication of “The Woman Question” by Leacock in 1915. The article argues that the Pen and Pencil Club’s obsession, first with the figure of the “New Woman” and then with the “suffragette,” precedes Leacock and Macphail’s adhesion and was sustained until 1915, thus providing a crucible in which Macphail and Leacock’s ideas on the place of women were developed and refined.
Unravelling the silence around gender and sexuality in a second language curriculum
Authors: Grant Robert , Masson Mimi , Carroll Shawna M.
Published: February 2025

This study explores the ways in which marginalised genders and sexualities are discussed in the French as a second language (FSL) curriculum in Ontario, Canada. The aim of this paper is to consider how official policy documents reinforce or challenge possibilities for inclusive teaching/curriculum development in modern language programs. Drawing on anti-colonial feminism (Carroll 2018) and queer linguistics (Leap 2015) frameworks, this research employs a critical discourse analysis to investigate how the FSL Grades 9–12 curriculum either reinforces or disrupts cisheteropatriarchal practices. Despite the curriculum's seemingly inclusive language, the findings reveal a reinforcement of binary gender constructs, limiting discussions on marginalised genders and sexualities to superficial inclusionary statements. The rigid scope of gender, coupled with the absence of marginalised sexualities, contradicts the antidiscriminatory goals of the FSL curriculum, which alienates queer, trans and non-binary people. To address this, our research suggests integration of gender-diverse and queer identities into the curriculum to foster more inclusive FSL programming through specific curriculum expectations and instructional tips.
‘Trans is an adjective’ – metalinguistic discourse on the use of trans on Twitter
Authors: Johannsen Berit
Published: February 2025

This study analyses the metalinguistic discourse on trans and the utterance trans is an adjective on Twitter between 2009 and 2022. The aim is to find out which metalinguistic statements about trans and its usage appear in tweets linked to the trans is an adjective discourse and which assumptions about trans and its usage become evident in these statements, to then establish how these statements and assumptions are linked to trans-inclusive and transphobic (linguistic) practice. In the analysis, I observe metasemantic statements – most of which deal with the compound-phrase distinction and spelling – and metapragmatic statements – concerned with social positions and personae. As my analysis will show, both the semantic and the pragmatic aspects of meaning are inseparably linked and equally important when it comes to potentially transphobic language. Furthermore, the results of the study indicate that metasemantic arguments about what the forms refer to are primarily metapragmatic, namely they are about (appropriate) linguistic and social action.
Expulsion of the “Turk” - Contextualising Islamophobia in the Balkans: The Case of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Zalta Anja
Published: February 2025

This article deals with the issue of Islamophobia in the Balkans, with a special emphasis on Bosnia and Herzegovina. The motive for discussing this topic is the analysis of political discourses and religious mythologies and the rise of nationalisms that arise from them, and which in the 90s of the 20th century led to a brutal civil war with a religious dimension. We do not claim that religious nationalisms alone ignited the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, but they are certainly the key factors that contributed to the legitimisation and expansion of various aggressive interventions. The article exposes the issue of Islamophobic discourses as well as the construction of the “Other” in the specific socio-cultural and historical context in combination with the Eurocentric compression of racism that can be recognised in Orientalist discourses in Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as in certain cases and circumstances in Europe as such. In the second part, the article presents the Islamophobic actions that are the result of orientalist discourses, from the most exposed "expulsion of the Turk" to the fear of neo-Ottomanism, which is spread by some academic and political circles in Bosnia even today. The central motive of this article is to offer starting material for further steps in analysing causes and consequences of religio-political antagonisms and consequently the search for opportunities for creative and peaceful coexistence.
Keywords: Islamophobia, Racism, Europe, Orientalism, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Muslims, Turks, Neo-Ottomanism.
Volatile history of chemistry. The order of the elements: Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов 1,2,3 курсов химического факультета МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова
Authors: Биккулова Г.Р. , Зотова Е.Л. , Рогоцкая И.А.
Published: February 2025

Данное пособие разработано для студентов 1,2,3 курсов химического факультета МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова.
При создании пособия авторы руководствовались тем, что использование видеозаписей на занятиях способствует развитию внимания, памяти и дальнейшего совершенствования речевой деятельности обучаемых.
Double external genitalia in a 2 days infant, A so rare case: A case report
Authors: Shahraki Ahmad Reza
Published: February 2025

A normally developed scrotum could be associated with ectopic scrotal tissue which may be detected in the perineum, groin, or elsewhere but usually without containing testes within. Congenital scrotal anomalies are uncommon. There are four categories of scrotal anomalies, including penoscrotal transposition, bifid scrotum, accessory scrotum, and ectopic scrotum. Scrotum shows multiple congenital anomalies which could be explained by embryological abnormalities in migration of labioscrotal swelling. Patients with ectopic scrotum should undergo upper urinary tract imaging with ultrasonography. This imaging study showed that our patient had no genitourinary or other anomalies. Accessory scrotum is the presence of scrotal skin that is outside its normal location and does not contain a testicle. It is usually treated by simple excision after verification that it contains no testicle.

Our case was a 2 days old male with double external genitalia that both of them is working and has separated vessels and uretras. We start examination and ultrasonography for anomalies that all of them was normal and schedule surgery for him in 6-12 months years old of his life.

When facing cases of this kinds of cases, physicians should move away from considering surgical excision and biopsy as exclusive first-line management. Instead, we place emphasize and raise awareness about the option of conservative management if imaging shows no abnormalities. Surgery and plastic surgery can avoid from future problems.
Formación en perspectiva de género en profesionales de la intervención social: retos y necesidades
Authors: Morales Calvo Sonia , Rodriguez Vicenta
Published: February 2025

Introducción: La formación en perspectiva de género no es obligatoria en disciplinas de intervención socioeducativa, lo que afecta a la capacidad de los profesionales para abordar desigualdades y violencias de género. Metodología: Se evaluaron actitudes sexistas en 382 profesionales de la intervención social mediante la Escala de Sexismo Ambivalente (ASI) de Glick y Fiske (1996), adaptada por Expósito, Moya y Glick (1998). Resultados: Se observa una feminización estructural en los contextos de intervención social, tanto en equipos como en roles profesionales y personas destinatarias. Los profesionales con menor formación en perspectiva de género muestran mayor acuerdo con afirmaciones sexistas, mientras que aquellos con formación extensa tienden a estar en desacuerdo. Discusión: Los hallazgos revelan la importancia de una formación obligatoria en perspectiva de género para reducir los sesgos sexistas entre los profesionales de la intervención social. La formación especializada permite un abordaje más equitativo y efectivo en situaciones de desigualdad y violencia. Conclusiones: Es crucial introducir materias obligatorias de perspectiva de género en los planes de estudio de intervención social para garantizar que todos los egresados adquieran las competencias necesarias para promover el cambio social y la igualdad de género.
Condiciones del teletrabajo, variables sociodemográficas y conciliación trabajo familia durante la pandemia de covid-19, en mujeres trabajadoras con hijos de la región de ñuble
Authors: Villegas Retamal Kevin , Cepeda Matus Liliana
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Trabajo y familia son dos esferas relevantes, en la pandemia de COVID-19 se vieron desarrolladas en un mismo espacio físico: el hogar, viéndose afectadas las mujeres. La conciliación familiar surge en los años 90 dado el incremento de las mujeres en la participación laboral. Metodología: Es cuantitativa, no experimental, transversal, descriptiva-correlacional; instrumentos: Condiciones teletrabajo, Cuestionario variables sociodemográficas y Escala conflicto trabajo familia, a 60 madres teletrabajadoras mediante un muestreo bola de nieve. Resultados: Se presenta conflicto desde el trabajo a la familia y no al revés producto de la percepción de empeoramiento del bienestar laboral dada la extensión horaria y falta de límites. Discusión: La doble presencia es más frecuente en mujeres y se refiere a la intranquilidad que generan las exigencias domésticas afectando el desempeño laboral. Conclusiones: Junto con los factores familiares de la muestra, las variables sociodemográficas (edad de las participantes, apoyo en labores de cuidado y domésticas, nivel educacional y nivel socioeconómico) fueron factores mediadores y conciliadores para que las participantes del estudio, no solo mantuvieran sus empleos sino que además no presenten conflicto de la familia en el trabajo.
Mujeres historiadoras en los albores de la profesionalizacion de la disciplina
Authors: Alfaya-Lamas Elena
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Son muchas las mujeres que han contribuido a la profesionalización de la Historia desde que comenzó a considerarse una disciplina académica. El objetivo de este estudio es visibilizar algunas de las primeras historiadoras de habla inglesa reconocidas como tales. Asimismo, examinaremos su contribución personal. Metodología: Se ha utilizado el subcorpus de manuscritos histórico-científicos CHET, del Coruña Corpus of English Scientific Writing, con una muestra de 2 historiadores por década. Contamos con 40 historiadores durante 2 siglos (1700-1900), de los que 8 son mujeres. Las fuentes documentales proceden de archivos históricos, bibliotecas y diversas instituciones. Resultados: Existe una importante representación de historiadoras en los albores de la profesionalización de la disciplina Historia. La documentación archivística refleja la dinámica actividad profesional de las historiadoras de la época. Discusión: Muchas historiadoras contribuyeron prolífica y significativamente a la profesionalización de la disciplina Historia sin que ello repercutiese en su visibilidad en la actualidad. Conclusiones: Los nombres y trabajos de las historiadoras que contribuyeron a la profesionalización de la disciplina están conservados en bibliotecas, instituciones y archivos históricos. Queda pendiente para futuros/as historiadores/as restaurar el lugar de estas mujeres en la historia de la Historia.
Adopción digital en micro y pequeñas empresas post pandemia en Arequipa, Perú
Authors: Velásquez Chacón Erika
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Las micro y pequeñas empresas (MYPES) enfrentan un proceso acelerado de transformación digital para aumentar su competitividad, lo que ha generado ventajas y oportunidades para incrementar las utilidades. Sin embargo, los débiles conocimientos, la falta de capacitación y el temor a la digitalización han llevado al cierre de muchas MYPES, especialmente en el sector comercio y servicios, aumentando el desempleo. Metodología: El objetivo del estudio es identificar las principales barreras para la adopción de la digitalización en las MYPES de Arequipa en el contexto post pandemia. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo y se realizó un análisis exploratorio de los principales sectores económicos. Se aplicaron 267 encuestas a MYPES. Resultados: Los resultados evidencian los niveles de sostenibilidad en el crecimiento y la capacidad de adopción de nuevas tecnologías. La información oportuna y la rapidez en la implementación son cruciales para el desarrollo de estas empresas. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se concluye que la digitalización es clave para el desarrollo de las MYPES, pero se requiere superar barreras de conocimiento y capacitación para facilitar la adopción de tecnologías y asegurar su competitividad en el mercado.
Benjamín Palencia: Decorados, escenografías y figurines para “La Barraca”
Authors: García Cañizares José Ramón
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Esta investigación se centra en el estudio de la figura de Benjamín Palencia y su colaboración con "La Barraca" de Federico García Lorca, en particular, los diseños de decorado y figurines para La vida es sueño. Metodología: Se utilizó el estudio iconográfico como metodología, complementado con una clasificación de los elementos visuales y un análisis de las nociones culturales y sociales que rodean al artista y su obra. Resultados: A partir de este enfoque, se estableció un corpus temático de la obra de Palencia dentro de la compañía. Además, se llevó a cabo un análisis detallado y una sistematización de los figurines y decorados diseñados por el pintor. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se subraya la necesidad de realizar estudios más detallados sobre Palencia en el ámbito teatral, así como la actualización de su biografía. Finalmente, se valora la consecución de los objetivos iniciales de la investigación, como la delimitación de su trabajo para la compañía, el establecimiento de un contexto histórico y la comprensión de la escenografía teatral en el ámbito europeo y español.
Improvement of Biological Resistance of Pine Wood Building Products using Low-Temperature Plasma
Authors: Volokitin G. G. , Cheremnykh V. A. , Adam A. M. , Sarkisov Yu. S.
Published: February 2025

Biological resistance of wood construction materials is one of the most important issues. Most often, specialized impregnations or coatings are used to protect wood from adverse factors. But the service life and operation conditions of impregnations and coatings are limited. As an alternative, it is proposed to treat the wood surface with low-temperature plasma.

Purpose: The surface treatment of pine wood products by low-temperature plasma and its effect on the biological resistance of treated products. The intensity of the fungi development on the product surface is investigated herein.

Research findings: The low-temperature plasma improves the biological resistance of pine wood products. The intensity of fungi development on the plasma-treated surface is lower than on the surface of un-treated wood and treated with specialized protective coating.
Architectural Image of Streets as Part of Modern Urban Development on the Example of Murmansk
Authors: Filimonova V. V.
Published: February 2025

The article identifies the principles of street architecture as an integral, fundamental part of the formation of the modern cities, studying the city of Murmansk as an example.

The relevance of research lies in the fact that the architectural image formation of streets in Murmansk is part of a large development mechanism of the city as a whole. This topic is becoming the most relevant and important today. Issues and tasks aimed at shaping the distinctive architectural appearance of the city always require detailed elaboration and the development of non-standard solutions.

Purpose: The development of the methodological approach to design activities in the architectural field and the study of facades in difficult climatic conditions as part of the imaginative development of urban space.

Methodology: The deductive solution based on the construction of conceptual relationships. This method allows to understand the sequence of the general to the particular. The comparative analysis of the urban environment and architectural image of streets in Murmansk.

Research findings: The architectural image of several streets of the city are studied; modifications are proposed to reform and improve the urban layout.

Value: The integrated approach is used to create not only a comfortable urban environment, but also its aesthetic design.
Port Infrastructure Conversion in New York City as an Example
Authors: Fomin M. A. , Zolotareva M. V.
Published: February 2025

The paper considers examples of port facility conversion in New York. In many historical cities, this problem is extremely relevant. The construction of industrial enterprises in the 19th and early 20th centuries, their attraction to water resources, result from unused storage zones and port infrastructure in coastal areas. These territories have currently degrading characteristics. On the other hand, former industrial enterprises are an integral part of historical cities.

Purpose: The study of the experience of converting the port infrastructure in New York.

Methodology: Integrated approach, including studying the issues of port infrastructure conversion; industrial facilities locating on coastal territories; multidimensional analysis of implemented design solutions for port infrastructure transformation; functional and planning of port infrastructure.

Research findings: Identification of prerequisites for the formation of port and warehouse infrastructure in New York; current problems of historical environment areas; the territory potential for transformation; examples of port infrastructure conversion for modern use. These territories have significant prospects for the city development, and their profiling contributes to the creation of new jobs and an increase in the budget of historical cities. The article formulates the conversion principles of such objects, which can be applied to other historical cities.
Comprehensive Analysis of Forest Fires Characteristics and Meteorological Conditions Affecting their Spread in the Territory of Ukrainian Forests for the Period 2006–2022
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Lev T. D. , Piskun V. M. , Yatsenko Yu. V. , Shedemenko I. P.
Published: February 2025

The spatio-temporal characteristics of natural fires on the territory of Ukrainian Polissia were studied, taking into account the influence of meteorological factors and local conditions of the area. A statistical analysis of the characteristics of forest fires on the territory of 6 regions, assigned by weather stations, was carried out, based on the processed data (total data for the month, year) on fires for the period from 2006 to 2022. The following was noted: 1) the annual number of fires increased by 3 times, and the burning area by 12 times, reaching in certain years from 825 km2 (2014, 2020) to 1,653 km2 (2015); 2) the largest number of fires was observed on the territory of the agricultural landscape, in general from 70% to 90% of the area of the region. Over a relatively short period (16 years), the dynamics of the growth of the annual sums of burned areas is noted. Extreme cases with the maximum number of ignition points (from 1,500 to 1,800) with an area of up to 100–120 km2 in the territory of the Korosten and Sarny weather stations are described with a detailed analysis of weather conditions. Copernicus data used: three global climate datasets, fire characteristics data and four fire danger indices to analyze the use of fire weather indicators to assess fire danger in extreme cases. The influence of meteorological conditions and the synoptic situation on the spread of fires in the territory free from forest massifs is described using the archive of synoptic maps for the European territory and modern technologies of geoinformation systems. The influence of large-scale natural factors and local conditions on the level of fire danger of the territory of the region under consideration is noted. The results of the executed research and the possibility of using weather indicators of fire danger, obtained using archival data or climate models, will allow improving estimates of secondary radioactive pollution of the environment due to forest fires in the Exclusion Zone.
Blatina-autohtoni vinski kultivar Hercegovine
Authors: Rotim Nino , Perić Ivica , Martinović Dražen
Published: February 2025

Vinarstvo Hercegovine je od starih vremena predstavljalo značajan ekonomski čimbenik stanovništva ovog podneblja. Autohtoni kultivar Blatina nositelj je kakvoće crnih vina, a istodobno je najzastupljenija među crnim sortama uzgajanim u Hercegovini. Uz Blatinu se u nasadima vinove loze uzgajaju prateće sorte Trnjak, Vranac, Alicante Bouschet, Plavka i Merlot. Kultivar Blatina ima funkcionalno ženski cvijet zbog čega u nepovoljnim godinama za oplodnju može doći do umanjenog prinosa. U kombinaciji s pratećim sortama daje visokokvalitetno crno vino koje je 1973. godine zakonom zaštićeno i proglašeno čuvenim pod nazivom Blatina Mostar.
Primjena kalija u gnojidbi krumpira
Authors: Varga Ivana , Šmituc Ivana , Panišić Tajana
Published: February 2025

Kalij je esencijalni element za proizvodnju krumpira (Solanum tuberosum L.), jer je važan i utječe na sintezu škroba, fotosintezu, kvalitetu i prinos gomolja. Krumpir je kultura s visokim zahtjevima za kalijem, što zahtijeva posebnu pozornost na sadržaj kalija u tlu i redovitu gnojidbu. Nedostatak kalija očituje se kroz smanjenje turgora, nekrozu lišća te nižu kvalitetu gomolja, dok suvišak rijetko predstavlja problem, osim na zaslanjanim tlima. U cilju održavanja optimalne razine kalija, provodi se analiza tla, a na temelju rezultata primjenjuje se kombinacija organskih i mineralnih gnojiva. Pravilno doziranje kalija kroz gnojidbu osigurava postizanje visokih prinosa i kvalitetu gomolja, dok istovremeno minimalizira negativan utjecaj na okoliš. Nedostatak K kod krumpira može dovesti do smanjenja prinosa gomolja i smanjene količine škroba u gomoljima. Prema istraživanjima, količina K u gnojidbi krumpira ne bi trebala prelaziti 270 kg ha-1, kako bi se zadržala poželjna fizikalno-kemijskih svojstava škroba. Upotreba K2SO4 ima prednost nad KCl, jer KCl može imati negativan učinak na kvalitetu krumpira tijekom skladištenja.