bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of single nucleotide variants and nutritional status on population pharmacokinetics of Doxorubicin, and its effect on cardiotoxicity in children with leukemia.
Authors: Gándara-Mireles Jesús Alonso , Lares-Asseff Ismael , Reyes-Espinoza Aarón , Fierro Ignacio Villanueva , Castañeda Verónica Loera , Hurtado Lourdes Cordova , Romero Leslie Patrón , Almanza-Reyes Horacio
Published: June 2022

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly useful antineoplastic in the treatment of
different types of cancer; however, its use is limited due to its wide
variability between patients in their susceptibility to the cardiotoxic
effects of anthracyclines. Purpose: The aim of this study was
to determine the effect of single nucleotide variants (SNV) and the
nutritional status on the population pharmacokinetics of DOX, and their
repercussions on cardiotoxicity in pediatric patients with leukemia.
Patients and methods: Seventy pediatric patients treated with
DOX were studied, in whom 189 biological samples (1 to 3 samples per
patient) were obtained at different random times, for 20 hours.
Results: Body mass index, age ≤ 7 years and female sex were
associated with a decrease in DOX clearance. Low height was associated
with an increase in pharmacokinetics parameters of DOX. The Wild type
(WT) genotype of ABCC1 rs3743527 variant was associated with an
increase in clearance (CL), and the homozygous variant (HV) genotype of
NCF4 rs1883112 SNV was associated with a decrease in peripheral
compartment (V2) of the peripheral compartment. Conclusion: The
SNV of the ABCC1 and NCF4 genes influence the increase and
decrease in DOX CL, in addition, characteristics such as sex and height
were associated with the decrease and increase in DOX CL respectively.
The pharmacokinetic parameters show an influence on the development of
cardiotoxicity by DOX. The decrease in CL and V2 were associated with
systolic disfunction. The decrease in the intercompartmental clearance
(Q) and in the volume distribution (V2) were associated with diastolic
disfunction. In clinical practice, these results may contribute to the
effective and safe use of DOX in pediatric cancer patients.
The effect of precious metals in the NiAl coating on the oxidation resistance of the Inconel 713 superalloy
Authors: Zagula-Yavorska M. , Romanowska J.
Published: June 2022

The rhodium incorporated aluminide coating was produced by the rhodium electroplating (0.5 ?m thick layer) followed by the chemical vapor deposition process on the Inconel 713 superalloy. This coating is composed of the ?-NiAl phase. A part of nickel atoms was replaced by rhodium atoms in the ?-NiAl phase. The plain, rhodium and platinum incorporated aluminide coatings were oxidized at 1100 ?C under the atmospheric pressure. The oxidation kinetics of the rhodium and platinum incorporated aluminide coatings were similar, but different than oxidation kinetic of the plain coating. The ?-Al2O3 was the main product both in rhodium and platinum modified coatings after 360 h of oxidation. Moreover, the ?-Ni3Al phase, besides the ?-NiAl phase, was identified. The presence of 4 at. % rhodium in the coating provided similar oxidation resistance as the presence of 10-20 at. % platinum. Both rhodium and platinum incorporated aluminide coatings produced by the chemical vapor deposition process offer good oxidation protection of the Inconel 713 superalloy.
Digital Transformation in Accounting and Auditing: 2021 International Conference of the Journal of Information Systems Panel Discussion
Authors: Liew Angela , O'Leary Daniel E. , Perdana Arif , Wang Tawei
Published: June 2022

During the First International Conference of the Journal of Information Systems in Taiwan, a panel was formed to discuss the development of digital transformation with panelists from the U.S., Singapore, and New Zealand. This paper is a summary of the panelists' viewpoints and the participants' interactions during the session. The discussion demonstrates the trends and the key differences of the process of digital transformation in different countries.
Clinical and Metabolic Characterization of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes by Age in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) Study Cohort
Authors: Aroda Vanita R. , Krause-Steinrauf Heidi , Kazemi Erin J. , Buse John B. , Gulanski Barbara I. , Florez Hermes J. , Ahmann Andrew J. , Loveland Amy , Kuhn Alexander , Lonier Jacqueline Y. , Wexler Deborah J , Group the GRADE Research
Published: June 2022

Objective: Differences in type 2 diabetes phenotype by age are described, but it is not known whether these differences are seen in a more uniformly defined adult population at a common early stage of care. We characterize age-related clinical and metabolic characteristics of adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin monotherapy, prior to treatment intensification. 

Research Design and Methods: The Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) Study enrolled participants with type 2 diabetes duration <10 years, A1c 6.8-8.5%, on metformin monotherapy, and randomly assigned to one of four additional glucose-lowering medications. We compared baseline clinical and metabolic characteristics across age categories (<45; 45-<55; 55-<65; ≥65 years) using ANOVA and Pearson’s chi-squared tests.. 

Results: Within the GRADE cohort (n=5,047), we observed significant differences by age with younger adults having greater racial diversity, fewer medications for common comorbidities, lower prevalence of CVD, higher weight and BMI, more pronounced hyperglycemia and diabetic dyslipidemia, with metabolic profile indicating lower insulin sensitivity (1/fasting insulin, HOMA-2S, Matsuda index) and inadequate β cell response (oral disposition index) (p < 0.05 across age categories). 

Conclusions: Clinical and metabolic characteristics of type 2 diabetes differ by age within the GRADE cohort. Younger adults exhibit more prominent obesity-related characteristics, including higher obesity levels, lower insulin sensitivity and beta cell compensation. Given the increasing burden of type 2 diabetes and complications, particularly among younger populations, these age-related distinctions may inform risk factor management approaches and treatment priorities. Further study will determine whether age-related differences impact response to therapy. 
Hubungan Menstruasi Terhadap Daya Tahan Kardiovaskular Atlet Karate Putri
Authors: Chania Bunga Willena , Vai Aref , Wijayanti Ni Putu Nita , Gusdernawati Aulia
Published: June 2022

Penurunan volume darah secara alamiah seperti menstruasi dapat berdampak pada penurunan daya tahan kardiovaskular sehingga mempengaruhi produktivitas wanita tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui hubungan menstruasi terhadap daya tahan kardiovaskular atlet karate putri Tako Bengkalis. Penelitian ini berjenis korelasional dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu atlet karate putri Tako Bengkalis. Teknik penarikan sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu total sampling. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 10 orang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner dan tes naik turun bangku (Harvard Step Test). Data dianalisis menggunakan rumus korelasi Product Moment dan dibantu oleh program Microsoft Excel. Hasil penelitian yaitu dimana rhitung 0,842 > rtabel 0,707 maka Ha diterima pada taraf α 0,05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang sangat kuat antara menstruasi terhadap daya tahan kardiovaskular atlet karate putri Tako Bengkalis. Diharapkan kepada pelatih agar dapat memperhatikan kondisi dan memberikan program latihan yang tepat untuk atlet putri yang sedang berada pada siklus menstruasi dan diharapkan pula bagi atlet putri untuk tetap melakukan kegiatan olahraga (latihan) walaupun sedang berada pada siklus menstruasi.
Considerações acerca da natureza da captura de uma criança autista pela linguagem
Authors: Oliveira Mariana Trenche de
Published: June 2022

Segundo Maleval (2020), é improvável supor, atualmente, que os autistas estejam fora da linguagem. Certamente eles se deixam capturar pelo Outro, tesouro dos significantes, mas de forma parcial, por meio de uma operação que o autor denominou por “alienação retida”. Neste artigo procurei investigar o modo de relação de uma criança autista à linguagem e discutir possíveis efeitos da interpretação que incidiram sobre as manifestações gestuais, de fala e de escrita determinadas a partir de uma temática recorrente, perseverante, e aparentemente sem sentido. Tal interpretação permitiu movimentar pontos nodais de paralisação da criança no campo da fala e da escuta.
efeitos estruturantes do entrelaçamento entre arte e Clínica de Linguagem com Afásicos
Authors: Gomes Ana Célia Soares , Fonseca Suzana Carielo da
Published: June 2022

Discute-se, neste artigo, uma práxis que imbrica a clínica de linguagem com afásicos com a participação de tais sujeitos em Oficinas de Arte. A afasia - um distúrbio da linguagem que decorre de lesão cerebral – instaura um drama subjetivo-social. Articular atividade clínica e não clínica no processo de reabilitação pode subsidiar e fortalecer a aposta de mudança que está em causa no tratamento clínico. Importa dar visibilidade a este bem-sucedido modus operandi do Centro de Atendimentos a Afásicos (CAAf), da Derdic-PUCSP numa reflexão que, espera-se, contribua com o debate sobre o tema no campo das patologias e clínica de linguagem. Para tal, um relato de caso será trazido para reflexão.
Bogor Message and Wasatiyyat Islam: Reviving Islamic Diplomacy and Constituting the Transnationalism of Islam
Authors: Ramadhan Jelang
Published: June 2022

Bogor Message is constituting the transnationalism of Islam and reviving the importance of diplomacy based on religious consultation or even multilateralism, that concluded by prominent Islamic scholars (ulama) in the world through High-Level Constitution of World Muslim Scholars in 2018. Thus, Bogor Message is considered a form of ijma’ ulama (consensus among Islamic scholars) which will be useful for Muslim ummah (Islamic society) as a common ground depicting universal norm in regulating the attitude toward international relations (IR). Wasatiyyat Islam summed up in the Bogor Message, is the embodiment of Islamic tradition in the multi-track diplomacy where interactions between state-actors and non-state actors and utilization of tracks in diplomacy resulted in an understanding to solve ummah fundamental problems in Islamicate world through the normative religious approach. The Bogor Message is rendezvous point and unified the differences of Wasatiyyat Islam conception aimed to unite ummah in the framework of transnational Islam, taken from Al-Qur’an and Sunnah. This research article examines the principle of Wasatiyyat Islam inside Bogor Message and its functionality as soft power by using diplomacy theories. The lack of concern from ummah in other countries due to the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic hampered the progress of Wasatiyyat Islam dissemination and remained exclusive for certain bastions of ‘moderate Islam’ countries. Though the potencies for developing and globalizing Wasatiyyat Islam could gain momentum in the post-COVID-19 world.
To the Issue of Accuracy of Determining the Temperature of Fire Exposure by Fire Traces
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Kornilova A.V.
Published: June 2022

After the fire is extinguished, it is required to study a set of the parameters, the most important of which is the temperature of fire exposure. The material of building metal structures, including hazardous production facilities that are in the zone of high temperatures, is undergoing changes. According to them, the magnitude of the temperature effect is determined, that is, metal structures act as natural thermal witnesses. Currently, the temperature effect is assessed visually by the colors of thin oxide films (tint colors) on the metal structures surface. It is experimentally proven that such an assessment is subjective. Recommendations based on this method cannot be considered sufficiently reliable. The purpose of the conducted study is to determine the effect of temperature loading on the hardness and magnetic properties of the carbon building steels. During heating and subsequent cooling, two synergetically affecting each other processes occur simultaneously in steel: a change in the structure and properties of the base metal, as well as the appearance of oxide films on the surface. It is established that the characteristics of the metal — hardness and coercive force do not correlate with each other in all the temperature ranges of heating. However, each exposure temperature corresponds to only one pair of hardness and coercive force values. Based on the results of the conducted experiments, the method was developed for determining the temperature effect by a complex change in the hardness and coercive force of the steel structures. The proposed method will allow to improve the reliability of expert opinions on the possibility of further operation of the buildings and structures after a fire.
Russia and Europe as Civilizational System
Authors: VVsevolod Shimov
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the problem of Russia civilizational identity and its relationship with Europe and the Western world. The analysis is based on the civilizational geopolitics of V.L. Tsymbursky. Russia and Europe are considered as two local civilizations forming a common system of civilizations, or a civilizational ecumene. The author analyzes the reasons for the emergence of the Russian-European ecumene, the features of the local civilizations forming it, as well as the features and nature of their interaction.
Born by Intolerance: the Formation and Evolution of the “Russian Schism” Management Institution in the Reign of Peter I and Catherine II
Authors: Alexander Bendin
Published: June 2022

The article examines the wide range of questions related to the history of formation and development of the state and church institution of the “Russian schism” management in the 18th century. In this regard the primary subject of the research appears to be the issues of the Russian schism origin and the generated by it state and church intolerance towards the Old Believers adhering to ancient Russian religious rites. The author analyzes the reasons for the state participating in the Old Believers persecution, as well as the motives and forms of the letters’ resistance to the duress of the state and missionary outreach of the church. The author examines the problems of the discriminatory legalization of the Old Believers and the formation of the Peter’s “Russian Schism” management institution, its ideological substantiation, legal and administrative arrangement and functions. Ht also pays attention to the changes in the Old Belief under the influence of the modernization reforms of Peter I. He reveals the relation between the sworn definitions of the Synods of 1656 and 1667 and the appearance of the Peter’s “schism” management institution. He studies the issues of Peter’s institution reforms by the decrees of Catherine II that extended the principles of religious toleration to the sphere of the civil rights of the Old Believers. Still the intolerance to their religious rights based on the civil legislation dependence on the Synod oaths, was preserved both in Peter’s and Catherine’s “Russian Schism” management institutions.
The Prophecy of the “Third Force”: on Leonid Polyakov’s Book “The Block of Hell/The Hell of Block. Twelve Chapters on “The Twelve” Poem”
Authors: Alexey Karpov
Published: June 2022

On the basis of Leonid Polyakov’s symbolic exegesis of Alexander Blok’s poem “The Twelve” contents, the author attempts to uncover in it the prophecy about the “third force” designed to create new global world order. It is suggested that the “Russians” would lead it as a full-blooded and full-fledged imperial superethnic system.
The Official Understanding of “Empire” in Russia in the 18th – Early 20th Centuries
Authors: Fyodor Gayda
Published: June 2022

The article examines the problems of correlation of the concepts “empire”, “power”, “state”, “Fatherland” using the official state documents of the period of the Russian Empire. The author examines the issue the emergence of the official title “Russian Empire” and its correspondence to the traditional names of the Russian state. He comes to the conclusion that the imperial title, introduced in 1721, was officially considered traditional, historically belonging to the Russian autocrats and having, first of all, not the Western European meaning, but the universal and Roman one. The concept of “empire” was introduced into circulation gradually, did not imply close connection with the imperial title, and was used in parallel with the traditional concept of “state”. Basically, the term “empire” was directly relevant to the state territory. Starting with late 18th century, the term “Empire” (like “state”) was already understood as country as a whole (“Fatherland”), that later turned out to be associated with the idea of nation.
Etika Komunikasi di Media Sosial Melalui Prisip SMART (Salam, Ma’ruf, dan Tabayyun) Perspektif Al-Quran
Authors: Janah Futihatul , Yusuf Apriyadi
Published: June 2022

The presence of social media platforms has had a positive impact in Indonesian society, namely the acceleration of information technology. The fast flow of information that is spread does not rule out the possibility that there are also a lot of information that have not been proven to be true, even this information is sometimes a Hoax, Sara Issue, also Hate Speech. With the spread of information quickly, it will certainly be very dangerous for all recipients of the information if they do not have good communication ethics in filtering news. The purpose of this study was to describe how anticipatory steps (principles of communication ethics) are incounter information received through social media. This research was used descriptive analysis method of literature by collecting information, theory through books, journals, documents, Qur'an, Hadith, and Tafsir. The result of this study was Islam has always taught the principles of communication ethics in social media, namely the principles of Qaulan ma'rufan, Qoulan Kariman, Qaulan Maysuran, Qoulan balighan, Qoulan layyinan, and Qoulan sadidan. In addition, the concept that can be applied in social media uses the concept of SMarT (Salam, Ma'ruf, Tabayyun), so that the information received is not misleading hoax information, sara issues that disturb the peace of the diversity of people - intolerant attitude among fellow people
RELIGIOUS MODERATION
Authors: Mahmud Moh. Natsir
Published: June 2022

This article examines religious moderation from an epistemological perspective. One thing that needs to be studied in religious moderation is to properly recognize the doctrine of religious beliefs, sects or specific religious groups to formulate the system of communication and cooperation. Islam has a solid foundation in embodying religious moderation both from the Quran, hadith, the experience of the Prophet Muhammad, and the system of government that existed in history. Religious moderation is a demand that must be embodied in a safe and harmonious community, nation, and state among individuals and social groups. Systematic and planned steps are needed to embody religious tolerance by effectively using the available facilities. The operational pattern of religious moderation has alternative offers with habitus and arena patterns, supported by thorough research. The arena was used to identify the approach method.
THE ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE, INFORMATION, ECONOMY, CONTROL, EFFICIENCY, AND SERVICE (PIECES) IN-LIBRARY MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS POSTGRADUATE UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR
Authors: Suhaerah  , Saleh Noerjihad , Ibrahim Andi
Published: June 2022

This article elaborates the PIECES analysis of the management information system evaluated in terms of performance, information, control, efficiency, and services resulting from the applied library management information system. The type of research used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. This research is a phenomenological approach where the purpose of this approach is to study in-depth the state of the postgraduate library at UIN Alauddin Makassar. The results of this research show the description of the library management information system applied by the postgraduate library of UIN Alauddin Makassar, where the software used has been integrated into the core activities of the library, namely the management of library materials, circulation services, search engine services, membership services, and reporting on library activities. The use of Slims 7 Candana software has met the needs of library management. However, the control section for reporting the number of visitors Postgraduate Library of UIN Alauddin Makassar does not apply visitor attendance at the library either manually or automatically by the management information system (visitor counter service). This section has no data input process, so the output process for reporting visitors neither exists.
EDITORIAL: A New Beginning
Authors: Ardito Gerald
Published: June 2022

This volume introduces four interesting and astute works that contribute to our understanding and use of learning technologies. The first is by Bryan Artman and explores the relationship between the perceptions and misconceptions by pre-service teachers of technology use on a 1:1 laptop program for high school students. The second is by Shane Ede, and investigates the use of gamification in classrooms through the lens of Self-Determination Theory. The third, by Betul Czerkawski, reports on digital tools that support the emerging interdisciplinary field of GeoHumanities. The fourth is a book review by Jerry Yamashita of Jennifer Williams’ book Teach Boldly: Using Ed Tech for Social Good. Donna Hess, which exemplifies that instructional design principles backed by a theoretical approach are critical in conceiving compelling foreign language practices. Taken together, these papers explore how learning technologies and their use can influence learner engagement and motivation. Furthermore, this is the inaugural issue of ITLT with me as Editor.
The Kremlin’s Information Influence Campaigns in Estonia and Estonian Response in the Context of Russian-Western Relations
Authors: Sazonov Vladimir , Ploom Illimar , Veebel Viljar
Published: June 2022

The Russian Federation has developed a large number of instruments to put pressure on the West using non-conventional means such as cyber attacks, economic tools and information warfare. Using modern IT technologies in its hybrid activities, Russia, much like China or other authoritarian powers, is trying to challenge the current world order. These instruments are particularly evident in the Baltic States. This article uses Estonia as a case study to inquire into the political goals and strategic conduct of Russia. Specifically, the focus is on the political context, instruments of information war, and available countermeasures. As argued in the current study, the shift from European to Eurasian power, Russia’s careful management and success in avoiding crossing the “red lines” of its adversaries, as well as in exploiting the socioeconomic weaknesses and openness of the West, all play a relevant role in understanding the political context. As for instruments, Russia has developed strategic narratives and conspiracy theories, plus several channels next to media channels, and policy tools such as Pax Russica and the compatriot policy. These are deployed in its neighborhood and aimed at unintegrated segments of the Russophone populations.
Neutrality and Equality Aspects in the EU State Aid Temporary Framework 2020: The Case of the Airline Industry
Authors: Kasser Kevin , Solarte-Vasquez Maria Claudia
Published: June 2022

Following the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic, the restrictions imposed by the Member States (MSs) of the European Union (EU) led the tourism and commercial air transport industry to face serious financial difficulties that required airlines to apply for state support. In March 2020, the European Commission adopted a State Aid Temporary Framework (TF) for the COVID-19 period to simplify the process of granting aid, allowing the MSs rapid economic interventions. Claims regarding the approval of State aid to certain airlines reached the EU General Court (EGC), on the grounds of violation of the fair competition principle. It became clear that the processes enabled by the TF dispensed unequal treatment to airline companies and that the flexibility of the TF created competition imbalances. In spite of these events, little attention has been given to the way its application ignores the requirements of EU State aid control and other procedural justice and fairness principles, by failing to ensure neutrality and equality. This article addresses the matter using a standard legal interpretive approach to explain the imbalances created by the regulation. It presents a systematic review of the current regime, identifies the TF inefficiencies affecting competition principles, and argues for specific adjustments that could enhance its transparency. These contributions are useful to improve the existing framework and help prepare for a better management of future crises.
An Insight on Clustering Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Raju M. , Lochanambal K. P.
Published: June 2022

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have drawn the attention of many researchers as well as general users in recent years. Since WSN has a wide range of applications, including environmental monitoring, medical applications, and surveillance, their usage is not limited. As energy is a major constraint in WSN, it is necessary to employ techniques that reduce energy consumption in order to extend the network’s lifetime. Clustering, data aggregation, duty cycling, load balancing, and efficient routing are some of the techniques used to reduce energy consumption. In this paper, we discuss in details about clustering, its properties, the existing clustering protocols. The clustering protocols that support data aggregation will also be discussed. The paper concludes with considering the impact of clustering and data aggregation in WSN.
Design science research approach in studying e-negotiations: models, systems, experiments
Authors: Wu ShiKui
Published: June 2022

Inspired and led by Dr. Gregory E. Kersten, a number of research projects have been conducted at the InterNeg Research Centre. This paper intends to acknowledge Dr. Kersten’s unique role as a pioneer in e-negotiation research, particularly in exploring and integrating various elements in e-negotiations. From the design science research perspective, this paper reviews a series of relevant research works in e-negotiation modeling, system design and development, and experimental studies. This provides an integrative view of interconnected elements in this field, and also helps framing the various studies into different aspects and stages of e-negotiation research. The paper then suggests several guidelines and directions for future design science research in e-negotiations.
A fuzzy ranking of negotiation packages for the INSPIRE negotiation support system
Authors: Piasecki Krzysztof
Published: June 2022

Preferential information may be visualized in many different ways, and this constitutes an important issue in the principal-agent decision-making context, e.g., in representative negotiations. In the INSPIRE negotiation support system, the principal’s preferences are visualized by circles with different radii. Agents evaluate the principal’s preferences in such a manner that they digitize these preferences using numbers directly proportional to the size of the circles, drawn by the principal. The manner, in which an agent understands the concept of the circle size is unknown. The main goal of this paper is to propose such an image of principal’s preferences, which is independent of an individual agent’s evaluation. Individual negotiators may differ in their understanding of this concept. This means that the notion of “circle size” is a linguistic variable that may be described by a fuzzy set. The empirical studies referred to show that the size of the circle is a value between the radius and the area of this circle. In this paper, the principal’s preferences are defined as a fuzzy preorder between fuzzy “circle sizes”. We distinguish here two kinds of the INSPIRE method. All considerations are illustrated by means of a short case study based on INSPIRE data.
Using the FITradeoff method to solve a shopping mall location problem in the northeastern countryside of Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro Manoel Lucas Sousa , Roselli Lucia Reis Peixoto , Frej Eduarda Asfora , de Almeida Adiel Teixeira , Morais Danielle Costa
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a practical case involving a shopping mall location problem in the northeast countryside of Brazil. In this problem, conflicting objectives have been expressed in terms of seven criteria. Then, ten cities of the northeastern countryside have been selected to compose the space of actions. The problem plays a special role since Brazil is a big country that requires investments in the countryside. Thus, the shopping mall aims to stimulate economic growth in the respective region. In the study, this multi-objective problem is solved using the FITradeoff method. In FITradeoff, the combination of the paradigms of holistic evaluation and elicitation by decomposition in preference modeling are well explored, bringing different perspectives for the decision-maker during the decision process.
Insulin therapy in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhao Chanyue , Xiong Xiaofen , Yang Ming , Sun Lin
Published: June 2022

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The use of insulin represents a challenge in patients with DKD due to the patient and medication issues. Insulin regimens, insulin dosing, and titration need to be individualized based on the patient's age, renal function, and comorbidities to improve glycemic control and reduce the risk of hypoglycemia. Insulin is the primary treatment in all patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and DKD. For patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and early stage of DKD, basal insulin combined with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) is recommended. In patients with middle and advanced DKD, it is necessary to adjust the dose of insulin according to stages of DKD, and the use of insulin analogs is recommended. In particular, elderly patients with DKD can simplify their insulin regimen to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia. In pregnant women with DKD, insulin requirements also vary based on parity and the stage of pregnancy.
Internationalisation-Localisation Debate in Case of Croatian Exporters’ Intangible-Tangible Asset Investment
Authors: Bašić Maja
Published: June 2022

This study analyses the role of investment in intangible and tangible fixed assets on firm internationalisation pace. Financial microdata of the largest 300 Croatian exporters for the period 2006-2015 were examined by system dynamic panel GMM. Results illustrate that investments in intangible assets significantly and positively increase export growth but not domestic revenue growth. The study also analysed differences in internationalisation and localisation growth depending on investments in intangible and tangible fixed assets. Investments in intangible assets positively affect firm internationalisation growth, while an increase in intangible assets negatively affects localisation growth. Significance of this study is twofold. Firstly, it provides evidence of the importance of investments in intangible assets for export growth and internationalisation growth. Secondly, it shows that investments in intangible assets are more important that investments in fixed assets, thereby providing practical implication for firms aiming to increase the pace of their international expansion.
Are Two Heads Really Better than one in Intra-Household Financial Management? Evidence on the Financial Behaviour of Couples in Poland
Authors: Cwynar Andrzej
Published: June 2022

Research shows that involvement in intra-household financial management fosters the development of financial literacy and sound financial behaviour. However, little is known about how different intra-couple financial management styles (sole versus joint management) affect the way consumers act when confronted with typical financial matters. Using a simple classifier allowing to distinguish households in which both partners undertake financial activity from those in which only one partner is involved in managing household finances, we applied statistical tests of significant differences and multiple linear regression models to determine whether the financial behaviour of joint participants is distinct from that of sole participants in Poland. Mann-Whitney U test showed that significant differences exist in credit management behaviour, with individuals who share participation performing better behaviour in this domain compared to sole managers. Credit management also appears to be the most problematic domain of household financial management where undesirable behaviour is the most likely. However, closer inspection with linear regression revealed that these differences can be attributed to socio-demographic variables such as age, place of residence, income, and number of dependent children.
The Effects of Budget Transparency on the Budget Balances and Expenditures of Croatian Local Governments
Authors: Bronić Mihaela , Stanić Branko , Prijaković Simona
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to find out whether budget transparency (BT) allows for better control over public finances, especially in pre-election periods. Thus we investigate the impact of BT, i.e., the digital availability of five key budget documents, on the budget balances and expenditures of all 556 Croatian local governments (LGs) over the 2014-2019 period. The dynamic panel data analysis with several control variables shows that higher BT tends to increase expenditures and the probability of achieving deficits, especially in poorer LGs. Improved BT increases electorates’ confidence, making public goods and services more interesting to voters, ultimately increasing public expenditures. However, we found that BT limits political budget cycles (PBCs), i.e., ‘opportunistic’ expenditures and deficits in the pre-election period.
An English Life in Landscape: Watching Landscape Research Over Half a Century
Authors: Howard Peter
Published: June 2022

From a largely autobiographical perspective, the development of the European concept of landscape is considered through the last fifty years, focussed on the gap between the environmental idea which has progressively become more ecological, so the landscape idea has become much more cultural. When they work together, there can be outstanding results, as demonstrated in the European Landscape Award. However, what seemed to be an unsteady progress towards a common understanding of cultural landscape can still receive dramatic shocks. The Pandemic is one such shock which has just begun to be absorbed into landscape thinking, and now the cosy concept of national and regional landscape identities is shattered yet again, by invasion, immigration and displacement.
Research and Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy in Determining the Parameters of the Position of Aircraft by Air Traffic Control Radars Avia-W and GCA-2000
Authors: Dzwonkowski Dawid , Goś Artur , Ćwiklak Janusz , Krasuski Kamil
Published: June 2022

The aim of the article “Research and comparative analysis of the accuracy in determining the parameters of the position of aircraft by air traffic control radars Avia-W and GCA-2000” is to test the difference in determining the parameters of the position of aircraft objects by radars used at Dęblin airfield. In particular, the paper presents the results of positioning accuracy, azimuth and distance accuracy for two radars: GCA-2000 and Avia-W.
Method of Increasing Reliability of Large Dimensional Bridge-Type Structures
Authors: Yadav Arun Kumar , Szpytko Janusz
Published: June 2022

The paper presents a method of testing the girder of a bridge crane using a specialized measuring type robot. The girder of the bridge crane is an example of a largesize structure. The bridge structure of the crane is a critical subsystem of the transport device due to its operational safety. The purpose of the overhead crane girder tests is to increase the reliability of the structure and operational safety. The proposed solutions indeed comply with the standards in force. Also, they increase their frequency and effectiveness of concluding in terms of predicting possible causes of threats to the safety and reliability of the structure.
APEKS 2 as a Modification of the APEKS Method
Authors: Pilch Robert
Published: June 2022

The study presents the APEKS 2 method as a proposal of modification of the APEKS method, used to evaluate and select one of the many variants of organizational and technical solutions using their multi-criteria evaluation. The proposed modification of the method consists mainly in changing the procedure of determining the numerical weights of the evaluation criteria. As a result of the proposed change, the possibility of disregarding the influence of a given criterion on the final score is eliminated, unless it is an action intended by the evaluator. Moreover, the introduced change increases the accuracy of the method and allows to better reflect the preferences of the evaluator. Thanks to this, the APEKS 2 method gives the possibility of a better evaluation and, as a result, a more precise selection of the best of the compared technical solutions. The original method and its modification are also suitable for multi-criteria evaluation and selection of the best solution in non-technical applications.
Multifocal Near-Eye Display: Timing of Optical Diffuser Elements and Synchronization to DLP-Based Projection Microunit
Authors: Ruskuls R. , Slics K. , Ozolins R. , Fenuks R. , Linina E. , Osmanis K. , Osmanis I.
Published: June 2022

The paper present the key technical details of a multifocal near-eye display concept. Along with an overview of the basic architecture, a particular implementation that utilises a digital light processing (DLP®) based spatial light modulator as the image source is provided in the study. The investigated approach involves the utilisation of a small-scale volumetric screen formed by a stack of fast-switching optical diffuser elements based on liquid crystal technology. The volumetric screen is illuminated by a rear image projector. To make the whole system functional and small, the challenge lies within the development of integrated control board for the projection modules as well as the synchronization of the DLP® projector image output to the optical diffuser element switching-cycle.

The main difficulty of the development process is accounting for the peculiarities of in-house developed diffuser elements and the off-the-shelf DLP®, which is the main focus of this paper. There is no direct control over the full set of DLP® operational parameters, an indirect method for adjusting frame dead time is proposed, showing that an increase in dead time close to 0.3 ms (from 0.3 ms to 0.6 ms in the particular setup) can be achieved without significantly sacrificing image colour depth or quality. Tuneable dead time mitigates the limitations set by the non-instantaneous switching of liquid crystal diffuser elements as longer dead times allow for the removal of image bleeding between frames.
Scenario-Based Modelling of Residential Sector Consumption: A Case Study in Latvia
Authors: Kairisa E. , Mutule A. , Drovtar I. , Korotko T. , Borscevskis O. , Wilkening H. , Troyer Ch.
Published: June 2022

Promoting the development of energy communities is one of the planned development areas mentioned in the Latvian National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). Even though energy communities do not yet exist in Latvia, they could improve the quality of the environment and stimulate the local economy. In any case, it is expected that the structure of household energy consumption in Latvia will change as households start to adopt new technologies such as electric cars and heat pumps, as well as participate in energy production and demand response.

Often the starting point for the development of an energy community is the geographic location of consumers. Therefore, for this study, a microdistrict was chosen in one of the most developed suburbs of Riga in Latvia, in which 76 households are located. The study identified five milestones on the path from mere neighborhood to the energy community. The resLoadSIM Residential Load Simulation tool was chosen to simulate realistic energy consumption with a 1-minute time resolution, as well as to model the future solar energy consumption and generation in the community on its way to becoming an energy community and meeting these goals. The network constraints associated with the transformer and lines are taken into account and it is assumed that the district will not invest in the development and expansion of the network.

Based on the results of the modelling, an analysis was made of the impact of the development of the energy community in Latvia and how each stage of development will affect energy consumption, the amount of renewable energy, the energy sent to the grid, the power consumed directly, and the share of solar energy in energy consumption.
On the Issue of Collision of Balls in an Auto-Balancing Device
Authors: Strautmanis G. , Schukin I. , Filimonikhin G. , Mezitis M. , Kurjanovics I. , Irbe I.
Published: June 2022

The paper considers a model of a vertical double pendulum, which includes two balls suspended on rigid non-deformable threads to one centre of the suspension. For the proposed system of pendulums, differential equations of motion and conditions for collision of balls have been recorded. When simulating the motion of the pendulums, the central collision of the balls has been considered for various options of the motion of the suspension point: the suspension point is motionless; the suspension point oscillates in the vertical direction; the suspension point makes rotational motions in the vertical plane. Meanwhile, various conditions for the central collision between the balls have been considered: a perfectly inelastic collision; a perfectly elastic collision; a collision with transformation of collision energy (partially elastic collision). The results of numerical simulation are consistent with the behaviour of pendulums in real physical models, which makes it possible to simulate an elastic collision between balls when studying their acceleration in auto-balancing devices.
Microwave Observations of the Sun with Virac RT-32 Radio Telescope: The Expansion of Possibilities
Authors: Bezrukovs D.
Published: June 2022

Nowadays there is increasing interest in narrowing coronal areas with reduced brightness temperatures (LTR – Low Temperature Regions) associated with local open magnetic fields (S-web, “coronal partings”, “dark coronal corridors”) as one of the eventual sources of slow solar wind. Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (VIRAC) performs routine spectral polarimetric observations of the Sun with RT-32 radio telescope equipped with the multi-channel (16 frequency channels) spectral polarimeter for the wave length range of 3.2–4.7 cm (6.3–9.3 GHz) and both circular polarizations simultaneously. The analysis of relevant tasks of clear and reliable observations and detections of LTR shows the necessity to improve noise parameters, dynamic range and stability of the actual solar spectral polarimeter and to expand its wavelength range. Taking into account these requirements, the low noise and thermally stabilized solar spectral polarimeter was developed. The new multi-channel spectral polarimeter is expected to observe right and left circular polarization of the solar emission in the wavelength range of 2.1–7.5 cm (4.1–14.3 GHz) divided into 12 frequency bands. The dynamic range was expanded to >36 db and the signal/noise ratio (referred to as quiet Sun brightness temperatures) was enhanced to > 22–24 db.

The paper deals with some test observations of the newly developed solar spectral polar-imeter and its feature analysis. Some eventual problems of solar physics which could be solved with the spectral polarimeter are also discussed.
Magnetic Flux Switching Type Permanent Magnet Generator for Bicycles: Modelling and an Experimental Study
Authors: Bezrukovs V. , Bezrukovs Vl. , Konuhova M. , Bezrukovs D. , Berzins A. , Trokss J.
Published: June 2022

The article introduces two new designs of flux switching permanent magnet alternators with a radial and an axial arrangement of the inductor relative to the magnetic flux switch. The study presents the results of 3D magnetic flux modelling along with the outcomes of physical experiments. In the course of laboratory experiments, the results of theoretical estimations are compared with actual physical performance parameters. The results are presented in the form of power and output voltage curves in relation to the frequency and load current. The study proposes the practical application of the alternators based on the magnetic flux switching principle in the development of a bicycle generator. Laboratory test models are made of a laminated steel using a waste-free technology.
The Study of Properties of an Axial Flux Switching Permanent Magnet Alternator with Open Magnetic Cores
Authors: Bezrukovs V. , Bezrukovs Vl. , Konuhova M. , Bezrukovs D. , Berzins A.
Published: June 2022

The article studies magnetic field distribution in the alternator inductors with an axial arrangement of open magnetic cores (OMC) and an external closure of the magnetic flux. The study compares the efficiency of magnetic flux utilization for four models with different modifications of the geometry of the magnetic circuit of inductors. The analysis of the density distribution of magnetic flux in OMC is carried out by 3D modelling of the magnetic field using EMWorks software. Based on the experimental study of the properties of the base model, the influence of the configuration of the magnetic circuit of the inductor on the efficiency of the alternator is shown. The results are presented in the form of tables and diagrams characterising changes in magnetic fluxes and electromotive force (EMF) in relative units. The results provide the grounds for assessing the potential and possible limits of optimization with respect to the size of air gaps and dimensions of the magnetic flux toggle switches. The study indicates that the proposed alternator can be adapted for various load requirements and optimized for various applications, such as charging power banks and powering bicycle electronics. The study also demonstrates that for such generators, OMC can be manufactured using a waste-free strip production technology.
Hydrogen Hydraulic Compression System for Refuelling Stations
Authors: Bezrukovs V. , Bezrukovs Vl. , Konuhova M. , Bezrukovs D. , Berzins A.
Published: June 2022

The article investigates the properties and potential of compressed hydrogen as one of the most promising energy carriers in order to facilitate the development of energy storage capabilities and lay down a stable foundation for the future of a sustainable energy sector. The study considers the use of hydrogen, compressed at high pressure from 50 MPa to 100 MPa, at refuelling stations to supply electric cars. The technical properties of modern hydraulic compressors used for hydrogen accumulation in high pressure buffer containers are considered. The study shows that the design of hydraulic compressors in terms of their technical characteristics optimally corresponds to the primary requirements for their use as booster compressors at refuelling stations. The authors conclude with the proposal of an enhanced design of the hydraulic compressor with the use of fluid flow counters in a control system of a hydrogen compression cycle. The proposed technical solution provides for continuous monitoring of the hydrogen compression process that increases the reliability of control system operation.