bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The concordance between preoperative synovial fluid culture and intraoperative tissue cultures in periprosthetic joint infection: a systematic review
Authors: van Schaik Thomas J. A. , de Jong Lex D. , van Meer Maurits P. A. , Goosen Jon H. M. , Somford Matthijs P.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Background: this systematic review aims to evaluate the concordance
between preoperative synovial fluid culture and intraoperative tissue
cultures in patients with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) undergoing
total hip (THA) or knee arthroplasty (TKA) revision surgery.
Methods: this review was conducted in accordance with the preferred
reporting items for a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test
accuracy studies (PRISMA-DTA) statement. Cochrane, Embase,
PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify studies
involving patients who had THA or TKA revision surgery for PJI and for whom
preoperative synovial fluid culture and intraoperative tissue cultures were
performed. Studies were only included if the diagnosis of PJI was based on
the EBJIS (the European Bone and Joint Infection Society) or MSIS (Musculoskeletal Infection Society) criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using an amended
version of Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for
case series. Results: seven studies were included in this review
comprising 1677 patients. All studies had a retrospective study design and
five studies explored patients undergoing revision surgery of THA or TKA.
Concordance rates varied between 52 % and 79 %, but different authors
defined and calculated concordance differently. Six studies were judged as
having an unclear to high risk of bias and one study as having a low risk
of bias. Conclusions: the included studies showed a wide range of
concordance rates between preoperative synovial fluid culture and
intraoperative tissue cultures and the majority of studies had a high risk
of bias. Higher-quality studies are warranted to obtain a more accurate
estimate of this concordance rate. We recommend continuing the use of a
system such as the EBJIS definition or MSIS criteria when diagnosing PJI.
Telepractice with Preschool Children: Speech-language Pathologists’ Perspectives in Turkey
Authors: Dilbaz Gürsoy Merve , Tığrak Tuğçe Karahan , Köse Ayşen
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research was to investigate speech-language pathologists’ (SLPs) perspectives, attitudes, and experiences of using telepractice for preschoolers in Turkey. A mixed-method online survey was used with SLPs who implemented telepractice with preschool children. Frequency distribution and theme analysis were used to examine the data. Therapy was the most offered online service (98%). Further, 67% of SLPs worked with speech sound disorders. More than half of SLPs felt confident offering telepractice to preschoolers. Most respondents thought that telepractice was an appropriate and easily accessible approach for preschool children, with the applicability of telepractice connected to a child’s type of problem. The SLPs were motivated by the numerous advantages of telepractice. However, their opinions were divided when telepractice was compared to in-person treatment. The SLPs in Turkey must be better educated about telepractice, and clinical standards established. The findings point to areas of telepractice that might be improved for preschoolers, especially in Turkey.
Letter to the Editor – Update from Ukraine: Rehabilitation and Research
Authors: Malakhov Kyrylo S.
Published: December 2022

This Letter to the Editor provides an update on the research from the Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The Institute’s clinical research team is currently rehabilitating the military personnel of the Defense Forces of Ukraine with combat stress reaction and post-traumatic stress disorder using hybrid e-rehabilitation methods and techniques. Current research in the field of digital health and IoMT in Ukraine is creating innovative information technology for computerized electrocardiography. The conduct of rehabilitation and research in an active war zone with safety concerns, limited resources for research, and intermittent loss of power and water is very challenging.
Parenting Styles and Psychological Well-Being: The Role of Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Tahir Rameen , Jabeen Shaista
Published: December 2022

Parents are one of the most important relations in a child’s life. Other relationships, experiences and skills can also significantly impact children. One of these is ability of emotional intelligence, a learned skill. This research aimed to investigate whether emotional intelligence predicts psychological well-being in young adults better than their perceived parenting styles. In a survey of 240 undergraduate students of Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore (having both parents alive in their childhood) were included in the sample. Parental Authority Questionnaire, Schutte’s Self-report Emotional Intelligence Test and Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale, were used to assess the parenting styles, ability of emotional intelligence and psychological well-being respectively. Although maternal (r= -.271) and paternal (r= -.230) authoritarianism and maternal authoritativeness (r= .145) significantly correlated with psychological well-being, emotional intelligence (r= .336) was the only significant predictor of psychological well-being and contributed to 10.5% unique variance. This has significant implications for researchers and practitioners planning interventions to improve psychological well-being of young adults. Further, recommendations and future directions have been discussed.
Emprendimiento social: un análisis bibliométrico y revisión de literatura
Authors: Minga López Diego , Carrillo Cueva Carla , Flores Ruiz David
Published: December 2022

El emprendimiento social es un campo de estudio que en las últimas décadas ha estado ocupando un creciente interés tanto por instituciones académicas, organizaciones vinculadas al campo de la ciudadanía y la administración pública- en virtud del relevante impacto económico y social. Esta revisión, mediante técnicas de análisis bibliométricas, se enfoca en identificar los principales autores, países, revistas e instituciones de mayor producción científica en el tema. Además, analiza los principales frentes y líneas de investigación que acompañan al emprendimiento social en la literatura científica registrada en la base de datos de la Web of Science (WoS), a través del software ‘Bibliometrix’. También se pone de manifiesto la cantidad, calidad y alcance de estas contribuciones, orientando a futuros investigadores. Como uno de los resultados del estudio, se determinó, en cuatro cuadrantes temáticos, las principales líneas de investigación que acompañan las investigaciones en los temas de emprendimiento social, las cuales hacen referencia: al valor social, el emprendedor social, la innovación y la empresa social.
Student worksheet: Persepsi dan performa akademik mahasiswa keperawatan
Authors: Pratiwi Indah Dwi , Herlianita Risa , Wahyuningsih Indri
Published: December 2022

Background: Students' perceptions of learning methods may be influenced by the diversity of students, educational facilities and equipment, their expectations, and other university circumstances. This study aims to identify or examine student perceptions about the use of learning media in the form of student worksheets, especially in the Emergency Nursing course, which is expected to see the optimization of learning. Methods: The design of this study was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were 82 nursing students at a university in Malang, where respondents were asked to fill out a questionnaire. The data collected will be analyzed descriptively and analytically. Results: In this study, the results showed that the majority of students had a good perception (85.4%) about the use of student worksheets in Emergency Nursing courses, more than half of them had above-average academic performance (59.8%), and there was a significant relationship between students' perception of academic performance (p-value < 0.000). Conclusion: Improvements in the learning environment can improve student academic performance.
Analysing Relationship Between FDI and Economic Progress: Contemplating the Variations of Fiji’s Political Disequilibrium (1983-2013)
Authors: Gosai Sharnit Shalveen
Published: December 2022

Over the years, the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and economic growth has been scrutinised and investigated by many researchers. Such a relationship aims to determine if foreign investment benefits the receiving nation. We have often witnessed that the receiving country does not accomplish the desired infrastructure for which they have received foreign aid. Political instability and corruption have caused dire stress within the nation. This study mainly investigates the direction of FDI flows within the economy of Fiji and how it helps boost Economic Growth from 1983 to 2013. The study also focuses on the early stages of the industrialisation of Fiji. Furthermore, Fiji has faced numerous structural breaks, such as the three coups encountered by the country. Our results show that, even though FDI has a positive long-run relationship with Economic Growth in Fiji, it is also a volatile component when the nation faces numerous political situations stability, and it remains significantly questionable.
“And do a Grizzly”: Djuna Barnes and Dancing Animals in the New York Press
Authors: Goody Alex
Published: December 2022

The “Grizzly Bear” animal dance sparked the social dance craze that swept the United States in the 1910s, causing a moral panic about the unseemly movements and erotic energies of this new popular leisure form. Djuna Barnes’s New York journalism on dance serves to connect these animal dances to the “eruption of animality in artistic and cultural texts” that Carrie Rohman has traced in modernism. Exploring social dance, Irene Castle’s career, and Barnes’s journalism, this article examines assemblages of bears and other dancing (human and nonhuman) animals to foreground the intersection of modernist animal ontologies with elusive histories of social dance.
Anita Loos’s Gentlemen Prefer Blondes and the “Colyumn”: Sophistication, Publicity, and Jazz Journalism
Authors: Shoplik Anthony
Published: December 2022

This article considers how Anita Loos’s frequent column writing and close ties to the newspaper industry shed light on Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. If these contexts sharpen our understanding of protagonist Lorelei Lee’s (and American culture’s) obsession with publicity and sophistication, Blondes likewise hones our understanding of a curious periodical genre known as the “colyumn.” Defining this genre prompts questions about what it would mean to think of Blondes, a text often treated as a novel, as a “colyumn.” As this article will show, Loos’s Jazz Age classic both depends on and extends the generic conventions of the “colyumn.”
ANALISIS PERBEDAAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR KEUANGAN YANG TERCATAT DI BEI SEBELUM DAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Kusuma Septian Yudha , Widiarto Ardian
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze differences in the financial performance of financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method is descriptive quantitative analysis. The data used is financial sector financial report data for 2019 before the pandemic and 2020 during the pandemic. The financial performance variables used in this study are ROA, NPM, Liquidity, and Stock Price. The results showed that there were differences in financial performance as measured by ROA, NPM, and Stock Prices before and during the pandemic. Meanwhile, financial performance as measured by liquidity surprisingly did not difference before and during the pandemic. This study also examines the differences in the sub-sectors of insurance, banking, financial institutions, securities companies, and others. The results and implications are also discussed in this study
The Perfect Law of Liberty on Poverty and Wealth: A Precursor to Paul?
Authors: Blomberg Craig L.
Published: December 2022

Even as other tensions are resolved, some scholars continue to pit James against Paul with respect to their views on poverty and wealth. This paper first summarises the main contributions of James to the topic. Then it asks how far back in the letter-writing ministry of Paul can parallels to James be found. Recognizing that relative chronologies usually remain unaltered even if the deutero-Paulines are deemed pseudonymous, the survey looks at the key texts in the Pastorals, the Prison Epistles, 1–2 Corinthians and Romans, the Thessalonian letters and Galatians. It finds the most striking and informative parallel at the earliest point in the sequence, in Galatians 2:10. While acknowledging other possibilities, the study suggests that the most natural source for most of Paul’s teaching on poverty and wealth is, or is mediated by, James. The two authors also agree on what may be the unifying theme of New Testament theology – fulfilment of the Law – expressed in both of these writers particularly in the command to love one’s neighbour, which directly affects matters of care for the impoverished. A wedge should not be inserted between Paul and James on poverty and wealth; rather, they demonstrate striking similarities.
Adaptación psicométrica del Cuestionario de Adicción a Redes Sociales en una muestra de adultos salvadoreños
Authors: Lobos-Rivera Marlon Elías , Ventura-Romero José Modesto , Flores-Monterrosa Angélica Nohemy , Umanzor-Gómez Víctor Manuel
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo comprobar si el Cuestionario de Adicción a las Redes Sociales posee adecuados índices de validez y confiabilidad en el contexto salvadoreño. El estudio es de tipo instrumental con diseños transversal y retrospectivo, se evaluaron a 300 adultos salvadoreños mediante un muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencionado, la media de edad general fue de 29.15 años, con una desviación estándar de 7.77. En las mujeres, la media de edad fue de 28.75 años, y la media de edad en los hombres fue de 29.81 años, la técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta digital. Los resultados revelaron que el Cuestionario de Adicción a las Redes Sociales posee adecuados índices de validez de constructo, de criterio y confiabilidad para ser utilizado en el contexto salvadoreño; además, el análisis inferencial permitió comprobar que existen diferencias estadísticas en función de la edad, la residencia, el número de horas que dedica a las redes sociales y la cantidad de redes sociales que utiliza.
Vivienda y espacios públicos del Centro Histórico de San Salvador
Authors: Ordoñez-Valle Georgina Sulamita
Published: December 2022

Para los seres humanos, la vivienda es un refugio que permite descansar y convivir cordialmente con otros seres humanos, su función principal consiste en satisfacer las necesidades básicas de sus habitantes. Sin embargo, en la realidad cotidiana no todas las personas cuentan con una vivienda que satisfaga plenamente sus necesidades, en consecuencia, estas personas acuden a aquellos espacios en los que se sienten cómodos e identificados. Por su parte, el espacio público, además de ser el ensamble de la infraestructura de la ciudad, es también el espacio de encuentro, en un momento determinado, de percepciones, significados, sentimientos y emociones de desconocidos, extraños y transeúntes que desde su individualidad comparten con la colectividad, y, como resultado de esta interacción el espacio público, se construye y reconstruye diariamente de acuerdo con las necesidades de sus habitantes. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo analizar la relación entre la vivienda y el uso de los espacios públicos del centro histórico de San Salvador (CHSS). Parasu elaboración se empleó un enfoque cualitativo a través del cual se evidenciaron dos percepciones: el espacio público como una extensión de la vivienda y el espacio público como un hogar. La cualidad del centro histórico como una zona antropológica hace posible abordar el vínculo entre el usuario y los espacios públicos, perspectiva desde la cual, el CHSS constituye un espacio histórico, identitario relacional que concede el sentido de apropiación y pertenencia a la población salvadoreña.
Presencia de estrés y bienestar en los docentes, ante los cambios educativos por la Covid-19
Authors: Aguilar de Mendoza Ana Sandra
Published: December 2022

El aparecimiento de la pandemia por COVID-19, cambió el entorno de los docentes salvadoreños. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los estresores docentes según las modalidades de entrega de la enseñanza surgida en el contexto escolar 2021. Es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Los participantes fueron 989 docentes salvadoreños(as) en niveles de enseñanza primaria, secundaria, tercer ciclo, educación media y universitario. Se utilizó la Escala de estresores docentes en tiempo de pandemia, de Oros et al., (2020) de 21 ítems, que exploran cinco factores: sobrecarga laboral, organización institucional, uso de nuevas tecnologías, incertidumbre por la pandemia y relaciones docente-alumno, conflictos y rol docente. El alfa de Cronbach fue de .90. Los cinco factores mostraron índices entre .86 - .89. La selección de la muestra fue intencionada y distribuida por las redes docentes. Se utilizaron medidas de ANOVA para comparación de medias. La segunda escala aplicada es la de bienestar subjetivo en su versión abreviada del Freinburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI-14), adaptada por (Pérez-Verduzco y Laca-Arocena, 2017) con 14 ítems, mostrando en la escala general una estructura unidimensional de Atención plena con un alfa de Cronbach de .85 en la muestra final. Los docentes universitarios presentaron menor sobrecarga laboral, mejor entorno de trabajo y organización. La incertidumbre y la tecnología estresan más en los profesores de la educación básica. Las diferencias de género afectan más al sexo femenino. Se concluye que la modalidad de enseñanza virtual reduce la presencia de los estresores en los docentes. Hay presencia de una mayor atención plena entre los docentes que han sido expuestos a la modalidad de entrega completamente virtual.
AUDIT REPORT TIMELINESS: EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY
Authors: Baloğlu Gürol , Çakalı Kaan Ramazan
Published: December 2022

Audit report timeliness is not an area that has never been studied before in the academic literature. Although there are very few academic studies on the subject in the national literature, there are some studies in the international literature. This study contributes to the literature in two aspects. First, unlike previous studies, key audit matters were included in the analysis as an independent variable that could affect audit report timeliness. Second, in this study, unlike previous studies, an analysis was carried out by using non-parametric statistical methods instead of regression analysis used in other studies. To the best knowledge, there is no study in the literature that has these features.
A comparative study of changes in ocular tear function among patients with Type II diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Daniel Rachula , Daniel Evangeline , Ayyavoo Saravanan , P Bala
Published: December 2022

Background: Diabetes is found to be one of the major causes for ocular disease such as retinopathy, cataract, and eye infections. Several studies in recent time focus on ocular function and tear function related to diabetes. This study is focused to find the differences in ocular tear function using Shirmer’s test and tear break-up time (TBUT) among three groups of people such as those who are normal, those with diabetes mellitus (DM) and the group of people having diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the ocular tear function among normal subjects, patients with Type II diabetes mellitus, and among patients with DR and compare the results.

Materials and Methods: A total of 90 participants were included in the study. Three different groups of population were selected such as the normal (30 respondents), DM (30 respondents), and DR (30 respondents). They were evaluated for their glycemic index using fasting, post-prandial, and HBA1C, by the researchers. An ocular fundus evaluation using 90 D biomicroscopy to select patients with DR was done. Two tests were used to study the ocular functions such as the TBUT test and Schirmer’s test. The data were entered in excel and analyzed with the help of SPSS 26. Statistical tests such as descriptive statistics, frequency and percentages, Chi-square, and Kruskal–Wallis were used.

Results: The ocular tear film parameters, Schirmer’s test, and TBUT were significantly reduced in diabetic patients and those with DR when compared to control group. These results indicate that dry eye is a significant diabetic ocular surface disease feature.

Conclusion: When compared with the control group, both the study groups (D.M. and D.R.) have a significant abnormality in the results of the Shirmer’s and TBUT tests. There is a strong association between diabetes control and ocular tear function tests and is proven that diabetic control has a highly significant influence on the ocular tear film function.
Assessment of stress and coping mechanisms in the 1st year MBBS students from English and Vernacular medium – An experience from a new All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Authors: Sinha Abhishek , P Naveen , S Krishnan , Loganathan Sundareswaran , Mahanta Anindita , Bhattacharjee Manasi
Published: December 2022

Background: The stress levels among the 1st year MBBS students are high due to multiple factors. In this setting, an objective assessment of stress and coping strategies among medical students may provide a foundation to adopting specific measures to help them.

Aims and Objectives: The specific objectives of the study were to compare stress levels and coping strategies among medical students from different backgrounds and mediums of instructions and to ategorize the stress level of students depending on Class X, XII marks, number of attempts, and annual family income.

Materials and Methods: Forty-eight 1st year MBBS students were recruited for the study. Participants were divided into two groups, that is, Group 1 – English medium schools and Group 2 – Hindi medium schools and informed consent was taken. In a preferable time slot, the participants were given two questionnaires (Zung’s SDS and Way of Coping Revised scale) and a table of personal information to fill.

Results: There were significantly higher stress scores among English medium students as compared to vernacular medium. There was no correlation between Class 10th and 12th marks with the stress. Proportion of students having high stress had AFI <1 lakh and proportion having low stress had AFI more than 5 lakh. Students having more than 3 attempts in medical qualifying examination had the least stress scores.

Conclusion: Stress among medical students was found to more in students from English medium schools due to the urban background of these students. High family income acts a psychological security for the students, hence the low stress among them. Students with more than 3 attempts in qualifying examination were more mature, hence the low stress score among them.
Ardahan İlinde Doğal Yayılım Gösteren ve Sebze Olarak Tüketilen Yabani Bitki Türlerinin Morfolojik Özellikleri
Authors: GÖK HÜNDÜR Zeynep , DURSUN Atilla , PARLAKOVA KARAGÖZ Fazilet , KAYA Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Günümüzde kültürü yapılan sebzeler üzerinde yapılan kimyasal ilaçlama, kanalizasyon suyu ile sulama ve aşırı gübreleme, insan sağlığını tehdit etmekte, bitkilerin doğal lezzetlerini azaltmakta veya kaybetmelerine neden olmakta ve insanları güvenli gıda arayışına itmektedir. Bu bağlamda insanlar organik ürünlere ve doğal yetişmiş sebze türlerine ilgi duymaktadır. Bu çalışma, Ardahan ili ve ilçelerinde (Posof, Damal, Hanak, Göle, Çıldır) doğal habitatlarında yetişen ve yöre halkı tarafından bilinen, yenilebilir yabani bitki türlerinin belirlenmesi, sınıflandırılması ve morfolojik özelliklerinin tespit edilmesi amacıyla 2019 yılında yapılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda Ardahan ilinde tüketimi yapılan 23 yabani sebze türü belirlenmiştir. Bu türler içerisinde gelin parmağı (Cerastium armeniacum Gren.) bitkisinin endemik bir tür olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Doğal habitatlarından toplanan yerel halkın sebze olarak tükettiği yabani bitki türlerinin çiçek, yaprak ve sap kısımlarında inceleme ve ölçümler yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarımızın, gelecekte yapılacak ıslah ve kültüre alma çalışmalarına zemin hazırlayacağı, ayrıca, sürdürülebilir eko-turizmin teşvik edilmesine katkı sağlayabileceği ve doğal bir kaynak olan yabani yenilebilir bitkilerin sürdürülebilir kullanımına yönelik stratejilerin geliştirilmesi için de kullanılabileceği kanaatindeyiz.
Vocational Training and Youth Empowerment in Nigeria: Evidence from Informal Sector Operators’ Activity in Gombe Metropolis
Authors: Buba Abdullahi , Somasundara Jayakodi W Dayananda , Adamu Idi , Samuel Dorcas
Published: December 2022

This study was conducted to empirically examine the role of the informal sector in youths’ empowerment in Gombe metropolis. A structured questionnaire was used to gather first-hand information on variables of interest and both descriptive statistic and ordered logistic regression analysis were conducted to achieve the major and specific objectives of the study. The primary objectives of the study include to examine (i) how does Vocational training among informal sector operators influence youth empowerment in Gombe metropolis; (ii) how does customers' patronage of the informal sector's services influence youth empowerment in Gombe metropolis; and (iii) how does capital requirement among informal sector operators influence youth empowerment in Gombe metropolis. Empirical results obtained from the study indicated that Vocational training among informal sector operators has a positive and significant influence on the likelihood of youths empowerment in Gombe metropolis of Gombe state; customers' patronage, as well as capital requirements, were also found to have a positive and significant influence on youths’ empowerment in Gombe metropolis; and all the control variables included in the model (except gender) also have positive and significant probability on youth empowerment in Gombe metropolis. We conclude by presenting concluding remarks and policy implications for decision-making toward repositioning technical and vocational education in Nigeria to effectively curb incessant overdependence on the government for job creation in Nigeria.
Het arrest Cilevičs
Authors: Schoenmaekers S.L.T.
Published: December 2022

Het arrest Cilevičs. Taaleisen ter bescherming van de nationale identiteit: dubieuze gevolgen voor de onderwijstoegankelijkheid?

Een nationale regeling van een lidstaat die erin voorziet dat hogeronderwijsinstellingen uit andere lidstaten onderwijsprogramma’s in beginsel enkel mogen aanbieden wanneer die programma’s uitsluitend in de officiële taal van die lidstaat worden aangeboden, vormt een beperking op de vrijheid van vestiging. Wanneer deze verplichting tot doel heeft het gebruik van de officiële taal/talen van de lidstaat te beschermen is er sprake van een legitiem doel dat een beperking op deze vrijheid kan rechtvaardigen. Deze beperking dient echter geschikt, noodzakelijk en evenredig te zijn om het doel te bereiken. De zaak Cilevičs is van belang vanwege de zeer concrete invulling van de geschiktheidseis door het Hof van Justitie en de gevoelige achterliggende politieke kwestie die door het Hof van Justitie onbesproken blijft, meer bepaald de (mogelijke) aantasting van de taalrechten van de grote Russischtalige minderheid in Letland.

HvJ 7 september 2022, C-391/20, ECLI:EU:C:2022:638 (Cilevičs e.a.).
Autonomous Weapons Systems and Force Short of War
Authors: Wood Nathan
Published: December 2022

Though war is never a good thing, all things considered, there are times when it is arguably justified. Most obviously, providing direct military assistance to a victim of unjust aggression would constitute a rather clear case for military intervention. However, the providing of direct military assistance may in some cases be a prospect fraught with risks and dangers, rendering it politically (and possibly even morally) difficult for states to adequately justify such action. In this article I argue that autonomous weapons systems present a way past this dilemma, providing a method for delivering direct military assistance, but doing so in a way that is less politically overt and hostile than sending one’s own combat units to aid a beleaguered state. Thus, sending autonomous weapon systems (AWS) presents an additional forceful measure short of war which states may employ, adding to the political options available for combating unjust aggression, and allowing one to provide direct assistance to victim states without necessarily bringing one’s own state into the conflict. In making this argument I draw on the current Russian invasion of Ukraine as a running example.
AAGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS RECORDING LOSSES – CHARACTERISTICS AND DETERMINANTS
Authors: Grzelak Aleksander
Published: December 2022

The aim of the article is to recognise the characteristics of farms with loss of agricultural income, as well as to determine factors shaping income in this type of units. In the article, unpublished individual data of farms continuously keeping agricultural accounts in the FADN system in the period 2004-2019 were used. It was found that the productivity of intermediate consumption has a significant influence on the formation of the income situation. In the group of larger loss-making farms, the impact of asset value was statistically insignificant. This means that it is relatively poorly managed. The same is true of debt, whose low efficiency of use translates into failed investments (or overinvestment). In the context of the conducted analyses it can be concluded that there is a group of farms which to some extent adapted to the existing support system, and the considerable assets, provide safety for their functioning also in the context of the possibility to obtain credits.
SPECIFICITY OF TRANSACTION COSTS AT BIOENERGY PRODUCERS – A CASE STUDY
Authors: Ciechanowski Wojciech , Maciejczak Mariusz , Ściubak Łukasz
Published: December 2022

One of the nexus in the modern energy sector are bioenergy companies. To generate green electricity, economic operators trade in the market, incurring transaction costs. The main objective of the paper is to identify and describe the transaction costs using a case study of biomass combined heat and power plant (CHP). The company used for the case study was Polmos Żyrardów. A diagnostic survey with a questionnaire was carried out. It was found that information procurement and negotiation costs are the most significant in the transaction cost structure of a biomass CHP plant. The importance of access to information about biomass suppliers in the region and the company›s closest surroundings was highlighted the most. This factor significantly increases the time-consuming activities that make up the process of acquiring information about a potential business partner. The aspect of the formalisation of the contract and the building of mutual trust between the participants in the transaction were emphasised as elements to minimise the uncertainty and opportunism of the partners. It is argued that the level of transaction costs influences decision-making within the organisation, also translating into the efficiency of the entire biomass CHP area. Conscious management of energy resources and care for the environment has made Polmos Żyrardów self-sufficient in energy. In light of the challenges of the energy transition, bioenergy installations make an important contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and building circular bioeconomy.
Analysis of Ignition Capability of Flammable Gases from Small Arms Propellant Gases
Authors: BADUROWICZ Przemysław , WIŚNIEWSKI Adam , JASIŃSKI Marcin , PACEK Dawid , SZCZUROWSKI Krzysztof , WOLIŃSKI Marek , BARTKOWIAK Tadeusz
Published: December 2022

The article presents the results of tests on the temperature of propellant gases shortly after the bullet leaves the barrel. The temperature and movement of these gases were recorded with thermal cameras and a high-speed camera. Weapons with and without muzzle devices (flash suppressor, silencer) were used. The aim of the research was to check the capability to ignite flammable gases located in the vicinity of the propellant gases produced during firing. Comparison of the maximum temperature of the propellant gases and the ignition temperature of the flammable gases makes it possible to determine the probability of fire. The lowest temperature of propellant gases was in the case of shooting with 9 × 19 mm bullets with the lowest kinetic energy (518 J), and the highest temperature of these gases was during shooting with 5.56 × 45 mm HC (SS109) bullets with the highest kinetic energy (1,785 J).
Big data management: from hard drives to DNA drives
Authors: HAMADANI AMBREEN , GANAI NAZIR A , FAROOQ SHAH F , BHAT BASHARAT A
Published: December 2022

Information Communication and Technology is transforming all aspects of modern life and in this digital era, there is a tremendous increase in the amount of data that is being generated every day. The current, conventional storage devices are unable to keep pace with this rapidly growing data. Thus, there is a need to look for alternative storage devices. DNA being exceptional in storage of biological information offers a promising storage capacity. With its unique abilities of dense storage and reliability, it may prove better than all conventional storage devices in near future. The nucleotide bases are present in DNA in a particular sequence representing the coded information. These are the equivalent of binary letters (0 &1). To store data in DNA, binary data is first converted to ternary or quaternary which is then translated into the nucleotide code comprising 4 nucleotide bases (A, C, G, T). A DNA strand is then synthesized as per the code developed. This may either be stored in pools or sequenced back. The nucleotide code is converted back into ternary and subsequently the binary code which is read just like digital data. DNA drives may have a wide variety of applications in information storage and DNA steganography.
Lyophilized seminal plasma can improve stallion semen freezability
Authors: USUGA ALEXANDRA , ROJANO BENJAMIN , RESTREPO GIOVANNI
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lyophilized seminal plasma (LSP) on stallion semen freezability. Seminal plasma from 30 stallions was lyophilized to obtain a pool of LSP. Fifteen ejaculates from five stallions were supplemented before freezing with 0 mg/mL (Control), 1.44 mg/mL (LSP1), 5.04 mg/mL (LSP2) or 8.68 mg/ mL (LSP3) of LSP. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of LSP was assessed using Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay. Post-thaw motility and kinetics, sperm viability, normal morphology and membrane integrity were evaluated. Completely randomized mixed models were fitted for data analyses. The results was analyzed based on freezability of semen samples. TAC for LSP pool was 13679.4Â±911.6 Î¼mol Trolox 100/g (ORAC units). Semen supplementation with LSP1 and LSP2 showed a positive effect on post-thaw total motility and membrane integrity. Supplementation with LSP3 showed a decrease in post-thaw total and progressive motility, straight line velocity and sperm viability. For poor freezability semen samples, supplementation with LSP1 and LSP2, showed higher post-thaw total motility and membrane integrity than good freezability semen samples. In conclusion, supplementation with LSP can improve the post-thaw seminal quality of stallion semen with poor freezability.
Ameliorating postpartum reproductive cyclicity using exogenous melatonin implant in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: LOCHAN SAGAR , HONPARKHE MRIGANK , CHEEMA RANJNA S , KUMAR AJEET , SGHUMAN S P , BRAR P S
Published: December 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of melatonin implants on oxidative stress levels and improving reproductive cyclicity in early postpartum buffalo. Total of 30 buffaloes at 15 days postpartum were randomly divided into melatonin treatment (n=15, one melatonin implant/50 kg body weight, 18 mg melatonin/implant) and control (n=15) groups. Both the groups were equally monitored for overt estrus signs and subjected to trans-rectal ultrasonography to check ovarian status. The blood samples were collected from jugular vein at weekly interval from day 15 to 43 post-partum to assess oxidative stress status. Significant reduction in concentration of malondialdehyde was observed in blood plasma from day 36 postpartum in treatment as compared to control buffaloes. The superoxide dismutase increased in treatment group from day 29 postpartum as compared to control. The concentration of glutathione reductase revealed nonsignificant difference between the groups. Treatment buffaloes showed higher oestrous exhibition rate (66.6% v/s 26.6%) with significant early onset of overt oestrus signs (24.10±1.49 days) compared to control (34.25±5.25 days). Ovulation rate was higher in treatment (n= 13; 86.66%) than that in control (n=8; 53.33%) buffaloes. In conclusion, melatonin implants efficiently reduced oxidative stress and resulted early resumption of ovarian activity, higher oestrus exhibition and ovulation rates in postpartum buffaloes.
Blood cell morphometry and leukocyte-thrombocyte profile of indigenous chicken Sikhar of Mizoram
Authors: MAYENGBAM P , TOLENKHOMBA T C , ALI M AYUB
Published: December 2022

The study revealed age-wise variation in size and number of blood cells of indigenous chicken. The size of erythrocyte was recorded highest at 4 months of age, while TLC declined gradually with age. Size and number of lymphocytes decreased in adults while the reverse was true for heterophils. TTC remained stable till 8 months and declined at 10 months while length and width of thrombocytes increased till 6 months and declined gradually till 10 months. Sikhar chicken appeared to possess characteristic blood cell size and number with the stage of life and different physiological state. Blood cells showed adaptive characteristics to altitude and management.
Performance of Doom pigs under different production systems in subtropical ecosystem of north east India
Authors: RAHMAN MOKIDUR , PHOOKAN ARUNDHATI , ZAMAN GALIB UZ , AHMED MD SHAHINUR ISLAM , DEORI SOURABH , HOQUE EKRAMUL
Published: December 2022

Doom pig is a newly registered indigenous breed from subtropical ecosystem of north east India. This breed adapt well to the harsh agro-climatic condition with minimum input. The population of this pig breed showed a declining trend, mainly due to high rate of crossbreeding, lack of breeding policy and lacunae in production system. Under field condition, the farmers follow two different types of production systems, viz. migratory scavenging and backyard production system. Doom pigs reared under backyard production system has higher growth performance and carcass yield. However, pigs in migratory scavenging system have better reproductive efficiency and quality pork yield. Therefore, it can be concluded from the present study that backyard production system is more suitable for fattener pig production and migratory scavenging system for breeding pig production. The results from this study can be suitably exploited to design conservation and breeding strategies for newly registered Doom pigs of north east India.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield, nutrient uptake and soil fertility status in alluvial soil
Authors: SINGH S P
Published: December 2022

A field experiment was conducted on alluvial soil at SVP University of Agriculture and Technology Meerut (UP) during winter (rabi) season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management (INM) on yield, nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soil fertility. The experiment was laid-out in a randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 3 replicates. The results revealed that plant height, tillers/m, spike length, grains/spike test weight, and grain and straw yields increased significantly over control due to fertilizer application. The grain (5 t/ha) and straw (6.88 t/ha) yields at 100% NPK were 79.7 and 78.2% higher than the control. The yield of wheat was improved further with conjoint application of 75% NPK + organic manures (OM). The maximum values of growth, yield attributes and grain (5.39 t/ha) and straw yield (7.33 t /ha) were recorded with 75% NPK + 5 t FYM + 2.5 t VC/ha closely followed by 75% NPK + 2.5 t VC + 3.75 t press mud (PM)/ha. Application of VC and FYM was found to be more beneficial in terms of growth and yield of wheat. The uptake of N, P, K, S, and Zn by wheat crop was highest at 75% NPK + 5 t FYM + 2.5 t VC/ha and lowest in control. The use of organic manures decreased soil pH and their combined use with fertilizers was significantly reflected in the buildup of organic C, available N, P, K, S and DTPA-extractable Zn content of the post-harvest soils. The minimum amount of available nutrients in post-harvest soil was recorded under control.
Production of cell wall degrading enzymes and antibiotic by Pseudomonads for assessing their biocontrol potential
Authors: CHALOTRA RASHMI , MALLICK S A , GUPTA MONI , SHARMA DEEPIKA , GUPTA SACHIN
Published: December 2022

A comprehensive study on bio-control efficacy of different Pseudomonas species was made in terms of cell wall degrading enzymes, viz. chitinase, lipase, protease and antibiotic 2, 4- diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4- DAPG) production abilities in respect to changing temperatures and pH. Observations revealed that all the isolates of Pseudomonas spp. under study produced all the three cell wall degrading enzymes and 2,4- DAPG significantly. However, the isolates PS-11 and PS-30 exhibited maximum enzyme producing abilities. Moreover, PS-11 could be considered to be the maximum heat tolerant among the isolates as it maintain remarkable sustainability even at 55Â° C in the ability to produce enzymes with minimum losses in activities 0.1026 to 0.718 in chitinase, 3.1167 to 2.1794 in lipase and 0.5827 to 0.4075 in protease activities due to rise of temperature from 45Â° C to 55Â° C. In pH variation studied at 35Â°C, it was observed that chitinase, lipase and protease production abilities of most of the isolates of Pseudomonas spp. were maximum at pH value of 6.5 and decreased on further lowering to 5.5 or rising to pH 8.5. PS-30 recorded the highest production of 2,4-DAPG (767.37 Î¼g/ml) at 30Â° C and pH 6.5.
Impact assessment of mobile app using Economic Surplus Model
Authors: NIKAM VINAYAK , KUMAR SHIV , T KINGSLY I
Published: December 2022

This article assesses the economic benefits of mobile app that provides real time information as well as forecasting about weather, pest and diseases of the grape crop in Maharashtra, India. Results of Economic Surplus Method (SME) showed that over the period of 16 years (2007â€“2022), 20% adoption of mobile app would generate total surplus of ` 9140.85 million and Net Present worth of ` 9111.94 million. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) would be 316%, Mindicating higher economic return from the technology of mobile app. At 50% level of adoption, it would generate total surplus of ` 13271.42 million with IRR of 317 per cent. The size of these returns implies that mobile based app for the grapes has high potential of economic return; returns on investments in extension services are quite attractive and there is scope for increasing outreach of information to realize the potential of technology in agriculture sector.
Development of propagation technique of indigenous AMF and their inoculation response in citrus
Authors: WU QIANG-SHENG , HE JIA-DONG , SRIVASTAVA A K , ZHANG FEI , ZOU YING-NING
Published: December 2022

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have multi-pronged utility in citrus performance, while their propagation technique is a gap. In this study, indigenous AMF in rhizosphere of Citrus unshiu grafted on trifoliate orange were isolated from fresh root segments (Î¦<2 mm), fresh rhizosphere soil (< 4 mm size), and air-dried rhizosphere soil (< 4 mm size) as AMF-source and propagated with white clover. Subsequently, indigenous AMF inocula were inoculated into potted trifoliate orange to assess the inoculated efficiency. Our results showed that AMF isolated from fresh root segments multiplied by 333.9% significantly higher than those isolated from fresh or air-dried rhizosphere soil. Similar results were obtained with regard to root mycorrhizal colonization (37.16â€“55.41%) and soil hyphal length (3.88â€“13.38 cm/g) in trifoliate orange after inoculated with AMF-source from root segments. Mycorrhizal trifoliate orange seedlings carrying AMF inoculum from fresh roots exhibited higher plant growth performance, root morphology, leaf P, K, Mg, Cu and Zn levels, and leaf superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities, compared to non-AMF treatment. Our study, hence, suggested that root segments would be a great choice to propagate indigenous AMF for later inoculating into the rhizosphere of target plants.
e-Readiness of teachers in higher agricultural education of north eastern hill states of India
Authors: PANDEY D K , E H K D , KUMAR PRABHAT
Published: December 2022

This study seeks to examine ICT integration and e-readiness of teachers in higher agricultural education in the North Eastern Hill (NEH) states of India. The paper draws from the Perceived e-Readiness Model (PREM) and relies on data collected from a survey of agricultural colleges from six NEH states of India, i.e. Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim and Tripura. Results of the study reveal that the awareness level about electronic portfolio among the teachers was quite high however, inadequate availability limits its usage. Smart phones and computer were used daily by 88 and 92% of the respondents. Use of other tools like video conference, e-portfolio, digital student report card, virtual class room and e-library was reported to be in the range of 1-14% only. Several individual factors, viz. training in ICT, operational knowledge of ICT tools, workload etc. were found to be affecting their usage. Among institutional level barriers, internet speed, supporting ICT infrastructural facilities and access to quality ICT tools were observed as key factors influencing ICT use and its integration in the higher agricultural education of the NEH states of India.
PERANCANGAN PANEL KAPASITOR BANK 1200KVARDI PT. TIGA KREASI INDONESIA
Authors: Maya Saralina  , Bagus Dwi Cahyono
Published: December 2022

Listrik merupakan kebutuhan yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan manusia, salah satu hal yang berkaitan dengan listrik ialah panel listrik yang berfungsi sebagai penyalur energi listrik. PT. Tiga Kreasi Indonesia merupakan suatu perusahaan yang bergerak pada bidang pembuatan panel listrik dengan salah satu hasil produksinya adalah Panel Kapasitor Bank yang berfungsi untuk memperbaiki faktor daya. Pembuatan Panel kapasitor Bank tidak lepas dari istilah perancangan, dimana meliputi komponen yang akan digunakan,  kontruksi panel, wiring diagram dan single line diagram, serta perhitungan kebutuhan Panel Kapasitor Bank. Panel Kapasitor Bank dapat dioperasikan dengan cara manual dan otomatis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara secara langsung ke PT. Tiga Kreasi Indonesia untuk mendapatkan data terkait judul. Penelitian ini menambah pengetahuan dan pemahaman baru terkait perancangan pada Panel Kapasitor Bank 1200KVAR yang banyak digunakan di industri maupun perkantoran untuk meminimalisir faktor daya yang dihasilkan.