bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vascular risk profile and changes of arterial hypertension after surgical revascularization in adult Moyamoya patients
Authors: Haas Patrick , Wiggenhauser Lucas Moritz , Tellermann Jonas , Hurth Helene , Feucht Daniel , Tatagiba Marcos , Khan Nadia , Roder Constantin
Published: May 2024

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare stenoocclusive cerebral vasculopathy often treated by neurosurgical revascularization using extracranial-intracranial bypasses to prevent ischemic or hemorrhagic events. Little is known about the vascular risk profile of adult MMD patients compared to the general population. We therefore analyzed 133 adult MMD patients and compared them with data from more than 22,000 patients from the German Health Update database. Patients with MMD showed an age- and sex-adjusted increased prevalence of arterial hypertension, especially in women between 30 and 44 years and in patients of both sexes between 45 and 64 years. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed significantly more frequently in MMD patients with increasing age, whereas the vascular risk profile in terms of obesity, nicotine and alcohol consumption was similar to that of the general population. Antihypertensive medication was changed one year after surgical revascularization in 67.5% of patients with a tendency towards dose reduction in 43.2% of all patients. After revascularization, physicians need to be aware of a high likelihood of changes in arterial hypertension and should adjust all other modifiable systemic vascular risk factors to achieve the best treatment possible.
National prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Korean adolescents from 2009 to 2022
Authors: Kattih Mafaz , Lee Hojae , Jo Hyesu , Jeong Jinyoung , Kim Hyejun , Park Jaeyu , Yang Hwi , Nguyen Ann , Kim Hyeon Jin , Lee Hyeri , Kim Minji , Lee Myeongcheol , Kwon Rosie , Kim Sunyoung , Koyanagi Ai , Kim Min Seo , Rahmati Masoud , López Sánchez Guillermo F. , Dragioti Elena , Kim Ju Hee , Woo Selin , Cho Seong H. , Smith Lee , Yon Dong Keon
Published: May 2024

Previous studies have examined the prevalence of allergic diseases in adolescents 1–2 years after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, more data is needed to understand the long-term impact of COVID-19 on allergic diseases. Thus, we aimed to examine the trend of the atopic dermatitis prevalence in Korean adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic across 14 years. Additionally, we analyze the risk factors of atopic dermatitis (AD) based on the results. The Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency conducted the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey from 2009 to 2022, from which the data for this study were obtained. Prevalence trends were compared across subgroups, and the β difference (βdiff) was calculated. We computed odds ratios to examine changes in the disease prevalence before and during the pandemic. This study included a total of 917,461 participants from 2009 to 2022. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis increased from 6.79% (95% CI 6.66–6.91) in 2009–2011 to 6.89% (95% CI 6.72–7.05) in 2018–2019, then decreased slightly to 5.82% (95% CI 5.60–6.04) in 2022. Across the 14 years, middle school student status, low parent’s highest education level, low household income, non-alcohol consumption, non-smoker smoking status, no suicidal thoughts, and no suicide attempts were associated with increased risk of atopic dermatitis, while female sex, rural residence, high BMI, low school performance, low household income, and no feelings of sadness and despair was associated with a small increase. This study examined the prevalence of atopic dermatitis across an 18-year, and found that the prevalence increased in the pre-pandemic then decreased during the start of the pandemic and remained constant throughout the pandemic. This trend could be explained mainly by the large scale social and political changes that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic.
PET/MRI multimodality imaging to evaluate changes in glymphatic system function and biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Okazawa Hidehiko , Nogami Munenobu , Ishida Shota , Makino Akira , Mori Tetsuya , Kiyono Yasushi , Ikawa Masamichi
Published: May 2024

The glymphatic system is considered to play a pivotal role in the clearance of disease-causing proteins in neurodegenerative diseases. This study employed MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate glymphatic system function and its correlation with brain amyloid accumulation levels measured using [11C]Pittsburgh compound-B (PiB) PET/MRI. Fifty-six patients with mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer’s disease (AD: 70 ± 11 y) underwent [11C]PiB PET/MRI to assess amyloid deposition and were compared with 27 age-matched cognitively normal volunteers (CN: 69 ± 10y). All participants were evaluated for cognitive function using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) before [11C]PiB PET/MRI. DTI images were acquired during the PET/MRI scan with several other MR sequences. The DTI analysis along the perivascular space index (DTI-ALPS index) was calculated to estimate the functional activity of the glymphatic system. Centiloid scale was applied to quantify amyloid deposition levels from [11C]PiB PET images. All patients in the AD group showed positive [11C]PiB accumulation, whereas all CN participants were negative. ALPS-index for all subjects linearly correlated with PiB centiloid, MMSE scores, and hippocampal volume. The correlation between the ALPS-index and PiB accumulation was more pronounced than with any other biomarkers. These findings suggest that glymphatic system dysfunction is a significant factor in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease.
A novel approach to craniofacial analysis using automated 3D landmarking of the skull
Authors: Wilke Franziska , Matthews Harold , Herrick Noah , Dopkins Nichole , Claes Peter , Walsh Susan
Published: May 2024

Automatic dense 3D surface registration is a powerful technique for comprehensive 3D shape analysis that has found a successful application in human craniofacial morphology research, particularly within the mandibular and cranial vault regions. However, a notable gap exists when exploring the frontal aspect of the human skull, largely due to the intricate and unique nature of its cranial anatomy. To better examine this region, this study introduces a simplified single-surface craniofacial bone mask comprising of 6707 quasi-landmarks, which can aid in the classification and quantification of variation over human facial bone surfaces. Automatic craniofacial bone phenotyping was conducted on a dataset of 31 skull scans obtained through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. The MeshMonk framework facilitated the non-rigid alignment of the constructed craniofacial bone mask with each individual target mesh. To gauge the accuracy and reliability of this automated process, 20 anatomical facial landmarks were manually placed three times by three independent observers on the same set of images. Intra- and inter-observer error assessments were performed using root mean square (RMS) distances, revealing consistently low scores. Subsequently, the corresponding automatic landmarks were computed and juxtaposed with the manually placed landmarks. The average Euclidean distance between these two landmark sets was 1.5 mm, while centroid sizes exhibited noteworthy similarity. Intraclass coefficients (ICC) demonstrated a high level of concordance (> 0.988), with automatic landmarking showing significantly lower errors and variation. These results underscore the utility of this newly developed single-surface craniofacial bone mask, in conjunction with the MeshMonk framework, as a highly accurate and reliable method for automated phenotyping of the facial region of human skulls from CBCT and CT imagery. This craniofacial template bone mask expansion of the MeshMonk toolbox not only enhances our capacity to study craniofacial bone variation but also holds significant potential for shedding light on the genetic, developmental, and evolutionary underpinnings of the overall human craniofacial structure.
Prognostic factors and survival disparities in right-sided versus left-sided colon cancer
Authors: Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad , Wilkins Simon , Plazzer John Paul , Yap Raymond , McMurrick Paul John
Published: May 2024

Right-sided colon cancer (RCC) and left-sided colon cancer (LCC) differ in features and outcomes because of variations in embryology, epidemiology, pathology, and prognosis. This study sought to identify significant factors impacting patient survival through Bayesian modelling. Data was retrospectively analysed from a colorectal neoplasia database. Data on demographics, perioperative risks, treatment, mortality, and survival was analysed from patients who underwent colon cancer surgery from January 2010 to December 2021. This study involved 2475 patients, with 58.7% having RCC and 41.3% having LCC. RCC patients had a notably higher mortality rate, and their overall survival (OS) rates were slightly lower than those with LCC (P < 0.05). RCC stages I–IV consistently exhibited worse OS and relapse-free survival (RFS) than LCC (P < 0.05). Factors like age, BMI, ASA score, cancer stage, and comorbidities had significant associations with OS and RFS. Poor and moderate differentiation, lower lymph node yield, and organ resection were linked to lower survival while receiving chemotherapy; higher BMI levels and elective surgery were associated with better survival (all P < 0.05). Our study reveals key differences between RCC and LCC, emphasising the impact of age, BMI, ASA score, cancer stage, and comorbidities on patient survival. These findings could inform personalised treatment strategies for colon cancer patients.
Molecular and biochemical characterizations of a Fasciola gigantica retinoid X receptor-α isoform A (FgRXRα-A)
Authors: Torungkitmangmi Nattaya , Chantree Pathanin , Chaimon Salisa , Prathaphan Parisa , Ruangtong Jittiporn , Geadkaew-Krenc Amornrat , Sornchuer Phornphan , Sanannam Bumpenporn , Thongsepee Nattaya , Pankao Viriya , Adisakwattana Poom , Martviset Pongsakorn
Published: May 2024

Fascioliasis is a parasitic infection in animals and humans caused by the parasitic flatworm genus Fasciola, which has two major species, F. hepatica and F. gigantica. A major concern regarding this disease is drug resistance, which is increasingly reported worldwide. Hence, the discovery of a novel drug as well as drug targets is crucially required. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the novel drug target in the adult F. gigantica. In the beginning, we hypothesized that the parasite might interact with some host molecules when it lives inside the liver parenchyma or bile ducts, specifically hormones and hormone-like molecules, through the specific receptors, primarily nuclear receptors (NRs), which are recognized as a major drug target in various diseases. The retinoid X receptor (RXR) is a member of subfamily 2 NRs that plays multitudinous roles in organisms by forming homodimers or heterodimers with other NRs. We obtained the full-length amino acid sequences of F. gigantica retinoid X receptor-alpha (FgRXRα-A) from the transcriptome of F. gigantica that existed in the NCBI database. The FgRXRα-A were computationally predicted for the basic properties, multiple aligned, phylogeny analyzed, and generated of 2D and 3D models. Moreover, FgRXRα-A was molecular cloned and expressed as a recombinant protein (rFgRXRα-A), then used for immunization for specific polyclonal antibodies. The native FgRXRα-A was detected in the parasite extracts and tissues, and the function was investigated by in vitro binding assay. The results demonstrated the conservation of FgRXRα-A to the other RXRs, especially RXRs from the trematodes. Interestingly, the native FgRXRα-A could be detected in the testes of the parasite, where the sex hormones are accumulated. Moreover, the binding assay revealed the interaction of 9-cis retinoic acid and FgRXRα-A, suggesting the function of FgRXRα-A. Our findings suggested that FgRXRα-A will be involved with the sexual reproduction of the parasite by forming heterodimers with other NRs, and it could be the potential target for further drug development of fascioliasis.
Cryo-EM analysis reveals human SID-1 transmembrane family member 1 dynamics underlying lipid hydrolytic activity
Authors: Hirano Yoshinori , Ohto Umeharu , Ichi Ikuyo , Sato Ryota , Miyake Kensuke , Shimizu Toshiyuki
Published: May 2024

Two mammalian homologs of systemic RNA interference defective protein 1 (SID-1) (SIDT1/2) are suggested to function as double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) transporters for extracellular dsRNA uptake or for release of incorporated dsRNA from lysosome to cytoplasm. SIDT1/2 is also suggested to be involved in cholesterol transport and lipid metabolism. Here, we determine the cryo-electron microscopy structures of human SIDT1, homodimer in a side-by-side arrangement, with two distinct conformations, the cholesterol-bound form and the unbound form. Our structures reveal that the membrane-spanning region of SIDT1 harbors conserved histidine and aspartate residues coordinating to putative zinc ion, in a structurally similar manner to alkaline ceramidases or adiponectin receptors that require zinc for ceramidase activity. We identify that SIDT1 has a ceramidase activity that is attenuated by cholesterol binding. Observations from two structures suggest that cholesterol molecules serve as allosteric regulator that binds the transmembrane region of SIDT1 and induces the conformation change and the reorientation of the catalytic residues. This study represents a contribution to the elucidation of the cholesterol-mediated mechanisms of lipid hydrolytic activity and RNA transport in the SID-1 family proteins.
Transgene removal using an in cis programmed homing endonuclease via single-strand annealing in the mosquito Aedes aegypti
Authors: Chae Keun , Contreras Bryan , Romanowski Joseph S. , Dawson Chanell , Myles Kevin M. , Adelman Zach N.
Published: May 2024

While gene drive strategies have been proposed to aid in the control of mosquito-borne diseases, additional genome engineering technologies may be required to establish a defined end-of-product-life timeline. We previously demonstrated that single-strand annealing (SSA) was sufficient to program the scarless elimination of a transgene while restoring a disrupted gene in the disease vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. Here, we extend these findings by establishing that complete transgene removal (four gene cassettes comprising ~8-kb) can be programmed in cis. Reducing the length of the direct repeat from 700-bp to 200-bp reduces, but does not eliminate, SSA activity. In contrast, increasing direct repeat length to 1.5-kb does not increase SSA rates, suggesting diminishing returns above a certain threshold size. Finally, we show that while the homing endonuclease Y2-I-AniI triggered both SSA and NHEJ at significantly higher rates than I-SceI at one genomic locus (P5-EGFP), repair events are heavily skewed towards NHEJ at another locus (kmo), suggesting the nuclease used and the genomic region targeted have a substantial influence on repair outcomes. Taken together, this work establishes the feasibility of engineering temporary transgenes in disease vector mosquitoes, while providing critical details concerning important operational parameters.
Multiple environmental stressors affect predation pressure in a tropical freshwater system
Authors: Zanghi Costanza , Penry-Williams Iestyn L. , Genner Martin J. , Deacon Amy E. , Ioannou Christos C.
Published: May 2024

Environmental change can alter predator-prey dynamics. However, studying predators in the context of co-occurring environmental stressors remains rare, especially under field conditions. Using in situ filming, we examined how multiple stressors, including temperature and turbidity, impact the distribution and behaviour of wild fish predators of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata). The measured environmental variables accounted for 17.6% of variance in predator species composition. While predator species differed in their associations with environmental variables, the overall prevalence of predators was greatest in slow flowing, deeper, warmer and less turbid habitats. Moreover, these warmer and less turbid habitats were associated with earlier visits to the prey stimulus by predators, and more frequent predator visits and attacks. Our findings highlight the need to consider ecological complexity, such as co-occurring stressors, to better understand how environmental change affects predator-prey interactions.
Vimentin is a key regulator of cell mechanosensing through opposite actions on actomyosin and microtubule networks
Authors: Alisafaei Farid , Mandal Kalpana , Saldanha Renita , Swoger Maxx , Yang Haiqian , Shi Xuechen , Guo Ming , Hehnly Heidi , Castañeda Carlos A. , Janmey Paul A. , Patteson Alison E. , Shenoy Vivek B.
Published: May 2024

The cytoskeleton is a complex network of interconnected biopolymers consisting of actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These biopolymers work in concert to transmit cell-generated forces to the extracellular matrix required for cell motility, wound healing, and tissue maintenance. While we know cell-generated forces are driven by actomyosin contractility and balanced by microtubule network resistance, the effect of intermediate filaments on cellular forces is unclear. Using a combination of theoretical modeling and experiments, we show that vimentin intermediate filaments tune cell stress by assisting in both actomyosin-based force transmission and reinforcement of microtubule networks under compression. We show that the competition between these two opposing effects of vimentin is regulated by the microenvironment stiffness. These results reconcile seemingly contradictory results in the literature and provide a unified description of vimentin’s effects on the transmission of cell contractile forces to the extracellular matrix.
Prudent carbon dioxide removal strategies hedge against high climate sensitivity
Authors: Schaber Theresa , Ekholm Tommi , Merikanto Joonas , Partanen Antti-Ilari
Published: May 2024

Uncertainty in climate sensitivity has been shown to warrant early-on mitigation to limit global warming while anticipating future carbon dioxide removal creates mitigation deterrence. Here we use an integrated assessment model to quantify the impacts of under- or overestimating the cost and availability (feasibility) of carbon dioxide removal when limiting warming to 1.5 °C by 2100 under uncertain climate sensitivity. If climate sensitivity uncertainty is disregarded, initial assumptions on the feasibility have only minor effects on mitigation costs. However, the climate sensitivity risk compounds the impact of prior assumptions. Wrong assumptions on carbon dioxide removal feasibility can lead to lower costs under extreme realizations of climate sensitivity. Moreover, scenarios considering uncertainty in climate sensitivity rely less on carbon dioxide removal. A prudential strategy assuming low feasibility for carbon dioxide removal reduces the “double whammy” risk of overestimating carbon dioxide removal in combination with a realization of high climate sensitivity.
Accelerometer-based sedentary time and physical activity with MASLD and liver cirrhosis in 2684 British adolescents
Authors: Agbaje Andrew O.
Published: May 2024

Evidence on the long-term relationship of sedentary time (ST), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with liver steatosis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and changes in liver enzymes in the paediatric population is limited. This study examined the associations of cumulative ST, LPA and MVPA from childhood with longitudinal changes in liver indices and enzymes. From the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), UK birth cohort, 2684 children aged 11 years who had at least one follow-up time-points accelerometer-measured ST, LPA and MVPA over a period of 13 years, and liver indices and enzymes measures at age 24 years clinic visit were included. Liver steatosis and fibrosis were assessed by transient elastography and staged as fibrosis stage F0-F4 and steatosis grade (S0-S3) at age 24 years. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were assayed at ages 17 and 24 years. Longitudinal associations were examined using generalized linear mixed-effect models, while mediation analyses were conducted with structural equation models. Among 2684 children (mean [SD] age, 11.75 [0.24] years; 1537 [57.3%] females]), the prevalence of liver steatosis at age 17 years was 2.6% and 20.5% at age 24 years. The cumulative 1-minute/day increase in ST from ages 11–24 years was associated with higher odds of liver cirrhosis (odds ratio 1.004 [95% CI 1.002–1.005] p < 0.001) and severe liver steatosis (1.001 [1.001–1.002] p = 0.002) at age 24 years. Increased ST from childhood was directly associated with progressively increased ALT, AST and GGT from ages 17 to 24 years. Cumulative 1-min/day LPA was associated with lower odds of liver cirrhosis (0.990 [0.990–0.991] p < 0.001) and severe liver steatosis (0.999 [0.998–0.999] p < 0.001) at age 24 years, as well as decreased liver enzymes. Cumulative 1-min/day MVPA was associated with associated with lower odds of severe liver steatosis (0.996 [0.994–0.998] p < 0.001) but not liver cirrhosis at age 24 years. MVPA effect on lowering liver steatosis was significantly suppressed (64% suppression) by increased fat mass. In conclusion, increasing LPA, sustaining MVPA and decreasing ST from childhood may independently attenuate and reverse the risk of severe liver steatosis and liver cirrhosis by young adulthood.
Effects of dietary fiber on maternal health in pregnant women with metabolic syndrome risk: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shen Hong , Chen Dan , Wang Shuying , Jin Yan , Cheng Weiwei
Published: May 2024

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) during pregnancy can lead to complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders.
Intermetallics with sp–d orbital hybridisation: morphologies, stabilities and work functions of In–Pd particles at the nanoscale
Authors: Front Alexis , Lapointe Clovis , Gaudry Émilie
Published: May 2024

The field of intermetallic catalysts, alloying a p-block and a transition metal to form a pM–TM bimetallic alloy, is experiencing robust growth, emerging as a vibrant frontier in catalysis research.
Fabrication and characterization of inorganic–organic hybrid copper ferrite anchored on chitosan Schiff base as a reusable green catalyst for the synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]indolone derivatives
Authors: Hassanpour Hannaneh , Naeimi Hossein
Published: May 2024

In this research, initially a Schiff base compound was synthesized and immobilized on chelated magnetic copper ferrite nanoparticles with a chitosan surface to prepare the CuFe2O4@CS-SB nanocomposite.
Synthesis and stability studies of bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne scaffolds for automated solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis
Authors: Karalė Kristina , Bollmark Martin , Karalius Antanas , Lopes Mónica , Pérez Oswaldo , Strömberg Roger , Tedebark Ulf
Published: May 2024

Synthesis and stability studies of BCN ON scaffolds used in SPAAC conjugations.
Recent advances in injectable hydrogel therapies for periodontitis
Authors: Ran Shidian , Xue Linyu , Wei Xiaorui , Huang Jindie , Yan Xingrui , He Tong-Chuan , Tang Zhurong , Zhang Hongmei , Gu Mengqin
Published: May 2024

Schematic illustration of injectable hydrogels in periodontitis treatment.
Modular and automated synthesis of oligonucleotide-small molecule conjugates for cathepsin B mediated traceless release of payloads
Authors: Jin Cheng , Li Siqi , Vallis Katherine A. , El-Sagheer Afaf H. , Brown Tom
Published: May 2024

An enzyme-cleavable dipeptide linker between an oligonucleotide and its payload tracelessly releases the payload in cells with applications in the rapidly expanding fields of oligonucleotide-drug conjugates and targeted oligonucleotide therapeutics.
Dual-productive photoredox cascade catalyst for solar hydrogen production and methylarene oxidation
Authors: Kobayashi Atsushi
Published: May 2024

A photoredox cascade catalyst for concurrent organic synthesis and hydrogen production was developed by combining a dual-dye sensitized Pt-TiO2 photocatalyst and an N-hydroxyphthalimide hydrogen atom transfer catalyst.
Controlling the droplet cell environment in scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) via migration and electroosmotic flow
Authors: Wenzel Samuel F. , Lee Heekwon , Ren Hang
Published: May 2024

The contributions of migration and electroosmotic flow induced by electrochemical redox molecules in dual-barrel SECCM were characterised.
Musculus senhousei peptides alleviated alcoholic liver injury via the gut–liver axis
Authors: Xiao Chuqiao , Jia Ruibo , Li Xiang-Guang , Zhao Mouming , Liao Wenzhen , Zhao Suqing , Xu Feiran , Toldrá Fidel
Published: May 2024

Musculus senhousei peptides (MSPs) regulate alcohol-induced dysfunction of gut microbiota and intestinal barrier, alleviating hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and subsequently liver injury.
Black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. “Tolosa”) polyphenolic composition through cooking and in vitro digestion
Authors: Rodríguez Marianela Desireé , Ruiz del Castillo María Luisa , Blanch Gracia Patricia , de Pascual-Teresa Sonia
Published: May 2024

"Tolosa" black beans were characterized, cooked and digested under in vitro conditions to follow the change in polyphenolic compostion Guipuzcoa.
Boosting photocurrent of anodized Nb2O5 by synergetic post-synthesis electrochemical treatment
Authors: Menezes Wallas T. , Gonçalves Roger , Pereira Ernesto C.
Published: May 2024

Niobium anodization, with subsequent heat and cathodic treatments, forms a self-doped Nb2O5 with excellent photoelectrochemical properties and stability over days.
Effects of variation in phenylpyridinyl and di-tert-butyl-carbazolyl substituents of benzene on the performance of the derivatives in colour-tuneable white and exciplex-based sky-blue light-emitting diodes
Authors: Macionis Simas , Gudeika Dalius , Bezvikonnyi Oleksandr , Melnykov Serhii , Guminilovych Liliya , Simokaitiene Jurate , Sargsyan Svetlana , Keruckiene Rasa , Volyniuk Dmytro , Stakhira Pavlo , Grazulevicius Juozas V.
Published: May 2024

Three phenylpyridine derivatives with di-tert-butyl-carbazolyl moieties are synthesized as emitters for OLED applications. Colour-tunable white (EQE = 5.2%) and exciplex-based sky-blue (EQE = 4.1%) light-emitting diodes are developed.
A stretchable conductive elastomer sensor with self-healing and highly linear strain for human movement detection and pressure response
Authors: Zhang Yao , Yuan Yizhong , Yu Huimei , Cai Chunhua , Sun Jinyu , Tian Xiaohui
Published: May 2024

A self-healable conductive elastomer sensor with highly linear strain to accurately monitor real-time 3D human motion information and sense pressure.
Synergistic sensitization effects of single-atom gold and cerium dopants on mesoporous SnO2 nanospheres for enhanced volatile sulfur compound sensing
Authors: Li Ping , Wang Zizheng , Feng Youyou , Feng Bingxi , Cheng Dong , Wei Jing
Published: May 2024

A concept of synergistic sensitization effects involving single-atom Au and Ce dopants on mesoporous SnO2 nanospheres is proposed for ultrasensitive and real-time monitoring of ppb-level volatile sulfur compounds.
Catalyst durability in electrocatalytic H2O2 production: key factors and challenges
Authors: Choi Ji Sik , Fortunato Guilherme V. , Jung Daniele C. , Lourenço Julio C. , Lanza Marcos R. V. , Ledendecker Marc
Published: May 2024

We highlight issues for H2O2 electrocatalysts, including stability, degradation factors, and testing protocols for long-term efficacy. Key catalyst degradation causes include harsh reaction conditions, potential shifts, and ROS from H2O2 production.
Fabrication of innovative multifunctional dye using MXene nanosheets
Authors: Park Hyeongtaek , Park Young Ho , Karima Gul , Kim Sujin , Murali G. , Hwang Nathaniel S. , In Insik , Kim Hwan D.
Published: May 2024

The increasing demand for natural and safer alternatives to traditional hair dyes has led to the investigation of nanomaterials as potential candidates for hair coloring applications.
Hierarchical assembly and modeling of DNA nanotube networks using Y-shaped DNA origami seeds
Authors: Jiang Yanqi , Pacella Michael S. , Lee Sojeong , Zhang Jasen , Gunn Jonathan A. , Vallejo Paul , Singh Pragya , Hou Tiffany , Liu Evan , Schulman Rebecca
Published: May 2024

Y nanotube architectures are formed from the growth of DNA nanotubes on Y-shaped origami seeds. The resulting Y nanotube architectures are hierarchically assembled into DNA nanotube networks through end-to-end joining of the DNA nanotubes.
A flexible precontact CNT-Al2O3 fiber sensor resistant to extreme temperatures
Authors: Pan Xinghai , Zhou Zisong , Liu Yanling , Xiao Yuhang , Lin Sen , Pu Wei , Wang Haolun
Published: May 2024

By means of atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology, different thicknesses of Al2O3 dielectric layers can be deposited on surface of the carbon nanotube fiber (CNTF) to give it different colors and high temperature resistance sensing properties.
Porous hybrid encapsulation enables high-rate lithium storage for a micron-sized SiO anode
Authors: Chen Xiaoyi , Zhu Guanjia , Zhang Xinlin , Luo Dandan , Cheng Zhongling , Zhang Haijiao
Published: May 2024

An optimized porous heterogeneous encapsulation strategy based on effective integration of covalent coating of MXenes and mesoporous polypyrrole conductive network is proposed for constructing a stable and high-rate micron-sized SiO anode.
Methylated diammonium spacer modulated three-dimensional lead bromide perovskitoid hybrids with distinct photoconductivity anisotropy
Authors: Cao Sheng , Kuang Kuan , He Biqi , Tang Junjie , Yu Zixian , Li Mingkai , He Yunbin , Chen Junnian
Published: May 2024

A novel 3D (NMPDA)Pb2Br6 (NMPDA = N-methyl propane diammonium) with distinct lattice deformation and structure asymmetry was constructed, which enables remarkable STE emission and photoelectronic anisotropy.
Two-dimensional active surface growth of Ag nanoplates
Authors: Ji Jin , Chen Zijie , Jiang Tingting , Feng Yuhua , Chen Hongyu
Published: May 2024

Under strong ligand control, new 2D active surface growth was achieved by the synergy of facet control and active surface growth, providing unique mechanistic perspective and synthetic handle for future design of sophisticated nanostructures.
Uniformly anchoring Sb2O5 nanoparticles on graphene sheets via Co2+-induced deposition for enhanced lithium/sodium-ion storage
Authors: Zhou Xiaozhong , Wang Aixia , Zheng Xiaoyan , Sun Dongfei , Yang Yaoxia
Published: May 2024

A Co–Sb2O5/rGO nanocomposite was prepared by a facile Co2+-induced deposition process. The interactions between Sb2O5 and rGO were enhanced by initial in situ formation of CoSb2Sb6, resulting in greatly improved lithium-ion storage performance.
Recent studies on the reaction of [X6O19]8− (X = Nb, Ta) polyanions under acidic conditions
Authors: Wang Haiying , Liang Zhijie , Zhang Dongdi , Niu Jingyang
Published: May 2024

This review focuses on the recent studies on the reaction of [X6O19]8− (X = Nb, Ta) under acidic conditions, highlighting the synthesis and structural chemistry of mixed-addendum niobotungstates/tantalotungstates and hetero-peroxo-PONb/Ta clusters.
Synthesis of (E)-vinyl sulfides via copper-catalyzed hydrothiolation of internal alkynes with thiosulfonates and silanes
Authors: Gao Minghui , Li Jingyu , Chen Long , Qin Zhen , Wang Weijie , Dong Wei , Liu Mingyan , Zhang XiuLian , Tao Chuanzhou
Published: May 2024

A copper-catalyzed syn-hydrothiolation of internal alkynes with thiosulfonates and silanes has been disclosed, which offers regio- and stereoselective access to (E)-vinyl sulfides.
“On-water” defluorinative cyclization of trifluoromethyl enones with phosphine oxides: synthesis of polysubstituted furans
Authors: Feng Man-Hang , Gao Shu-Ji , Li Xiao-Ying , Ma Mengtao , Shen Zhi-Liang , Chu Xue-Qiang
Published: May 2024

A defluorinative cyclization of readily available trifluoromethyl enones with phosphine oxides for the synthesis of polysubstituted furans is developed in a pure water solution.
Iron(ii)-catalyzed annulation to construct novel quinone-fused cyclopenta[2,1-b]indoles: a promising type I photosensitizer
Authors: Xu Hong , Liu Xiao-Chun , Wang Bei , Li Fu-Yu , Huang Dong-Wei , Xiao Yao , Ma Ning , Zhang Ya-Hui , Wang Ji-Yu
Published: May 2024

Novel quinone-fused cyclopenta[2,1-b]indoles, promising Type I photosensitizers, were conveniently constructed by an iron(ii)-catalyzed annulation, exhibiting near-infrared absorption, producing O2˙− and showing excellent effects in tumor cells.
Automated chemoenzymatic modular synthesis of human milk oligosaccharides on a digital microfluidic platform
Authors: Wu Yiran , Sun Yunze , Pei Caixia , Peng Xinlv , Liu Xianming , Qian Eika W. , Du Yuguang , Li Jian-Jun
Published: May 2024

Eleven HMOs have been successfully synthesized through enzymatic modules on the DMF platform.
Pyrolysis mechanism and pyrolysis kinetics of yellow wine lees
Authors: Ling-Niao Kong , Song-Tao Ge , Yang Yuan , Feng Feng
Published: May 2024

Yellow wine lees are advantageous raw materials of biochar. The pyrolysis of yellow wine lees is divided into three stages. The pyrolysis of yellow wine lees conforms to the assumptions of infinite parallel reactions and activation energy distribution.
A critical mini-review on doping and heterojunction formation in ZnO-based catalysts
Authors: Abebe Buzuayehu , Gupta Neeraj K. , Tsegaye Dereje
Published: May 2024

Doping creates a new energy level associated with the sp–d exchange interaction. The proper S- and Z-scheme heterojunction in the presence of noble metal boost extends electron–hole relaxation time.
Achievement of efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials based on 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives exhibiting piezochromic and thermochromic luminescence
Authors: Chen‡ Meiling , Chen‡ Yuzhuo , Su Zhongzhen , Li Yuchun , Fei Hanxiao , Zhang Hua , Wu Yunan
Published: May 2024

During heating, NI-mPCz shows a red shift, then a blue shift, and finally another red shift. These shifts result from phase transitions in its crystalline structures at different temperatures, affecting its photophysical properties.
A cellulose monolithic stir bar for sorptive extraction of glycerol from biodiesel
Authors: Martins Pablo H. S. , Barros Maria A. , Silva Caroline L. , Ricci Poliana , Castilho Laís M. B. , Santos Allyson L. R. , Rodrigues Hugo S. , Assunção Rosana M. N. , Faria Anizio M.
Published: May 2024

Cellulose monoliths were used as stir-bar adsorbents in SBSE to extract glycerol from biodiesel samples with HPLC-RID analyses. The proposed method dispenses derivatizing reagents or sophisticated apparatus and uses water as the desorption eluent.
Shearing-induced formation of Au nanowires
Authors: Sun Yiwen , Su An , Zhao Lecheng , Liu Xiaobin , Liu Xueyang , Wang Yawen , Chen Hongyu
Published: May 2024

Au nanowires were formed through a shearing-induced nucleation and growth process. The shearing-induced nuclei with a ligand-deficient surface and higher accessibility to growth materials win the inter-particle competition and evolve into nanowires.
Advancements in 2D MXene-based supercapacitor electrodes: synthesis, mechanisms, electronic structure engineering, flexible wearable energy storage for real-world applications, and future prospects
Authors: Kadam Sujit Anil , Kadam Komal Prakash , Pradhan Nihar R.
Published: May 2024

Supercapacitors are widely recognized as a favorable option for energy storage due to their higher power density compared to batteries, despite their lower energy density.
Quinone convertible sulfated ion conductive side chain for highly selective vanadium redox flow batteries
Authors: Pang Bo , Chen Wanting , Yu Weiming , Guo Yujie , Wu Xuemei , Yan Xiaoming , Cui Fujun , Zhang Shouhai , He Gaohong
Published: May 2024

In this work, the concept of a quinone convertible sulfated ion conductive side chain is first proposed with tunable Donnan effect and strong proton conducting ability to achieve high vanadium redox flow battery performance.
Doping implications of Li solid state electrolyte Li7La3Zr2O12
Authors: Eggestad Kristoffer , Selbach Sverre M. , Williamson Benjamin A. D.
Published: May 2024

Solid-state electrolytes, such as Li7La3Zr2O12, are able to enable safer, more energy dense, and longer lasting batteries. Understanding the role of doping in terms of the optimum properties of a solid-state electrolyte is a crucial stepping stone to realisation of this technology.
Curvature-switched activity of carbon nanotube-supported single atom catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhao Wenshan , Shen Shenyu , Zhao YiRu , Wu Tiantian , Ding Shujiang , Su Yaqiong
Published: May 2024

The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an essential process for hydrogen production through water splitting.
V-Doping coupled H2O2 pre-oxidation synergistically promote NiCo-LDH for urea oxidation-assisted hydrogen production
Authors: Guo Jiawei , Zhang Heng , Yang Yusen , Wei Min , Zhang Hui
Published: May 2024

A NiCoV layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheet array structure grown on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) uniformly modified Ni foam was synthesized through V-doping coupled H2O2 pre-oxidation using a hydrothermal method.
Designing low-strain cathode materials for long-life all-solid-state batteries
Authors: Xu Cuixia , Feng Jiawei , Sun Shuo , Zhao Xiangyu
Published: May 2024

This review provides valuable insights and suggestions for future research on designing low-strain cathode materials for long-life and high-energy-density all-solid-state batteries under low external pressure conditions.
Electro-driven multi-functional catalysis separation membrane reactor with switchable wettability for efficient water purification
Authors: Yuan Mingwei , Chen Shiqian , Zhang Bingzheng , Liu Jie , Ding Shunming , Wang Shuhua , Xiao Weiming , Shi Shunli , Chen Chao
Published: May 2024

A flow-through catalytic separation membrane reactor with adjustable wettability can achieve efficient and controllable on-demand separation and catalytic purification of wastewater.
Simultaneously enabling superior ICE and high rate/cycling stability with a hollow carbon nanosphere anode for sodium-ion storage
Authors: Liu Dengke , Qiu Yuqian , Du Yuxuan , Yang Jiaying , Jing Xiaohan , Peng Xu , Song Qiang , Xu Fei
Published: May 2024

Hollow carbon nanosphere anode materials were manipulated by a pyrolysis temperature-mediated microstructure strategy to simultaneously achieve high ICE and superior rate/cycling stability.
Rational electrolyte design for Li-metal batteries operated under extreme conditions: a combined DFT, COSMO-RS, and machine learning study
Authors: Wu Liang-Ting , Zhan Yu-Ting , Li Zhong-Lun , Chen Po-Ting , Hwang Bing Joe , Jiang Jyh-Chiang
Published: May 2024

We developed a computational protocol combining DFT, COSMO-RS, and machine learning to investigate the thermodynamic properties of 190 binary solvent mixtures. This approach demonstrates high potential for guiding electrolyte design.
Dual drug-loaded metal–phenolic networks for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and synergistic chemo–chemodynamic therapy of breast cancer
Authors: Xia Li , Ni Cheng , Sun Huxiao , Guo Honghua , Huang Haoyu , Cao Xueyan , Xia Jindong , Shi Xiangyang , Guo Rui
Published: May 2024

The development of nanomedicines with simplified compositions and synergistic theranostic functionalities remains a great challenge.
Superconductivity and superionic behaviors of Kagome lattices in Li–Si compounds under high pressure
Authors: Wang Xinwei , Cao Bohan , Tang Wenting , Yang Mengxin , Chen Jiajin , Chen Shi , Zhang Mengrui , Tian Fubo , Li Liang
Published: May 2024

P–T phase diagrams of the superconducting, solid, superionic, and liquid states in the Li5Si-P6/mmm at 50 and 100 GPa.
Single-molecule white organic light-emitting diodes based on dual-conformation diindolophenthiazine derivatives
Authors: Rui Juan , Pu Junrong , Chen Zijian , Tang Hao , Wang Lingyun , Su Shi-Jian , Cao Derong
Published: May 2024

In this study, two isomers BP1 and BP2, featuring diindolophenthiazine as the donor and benzophenone as the acceptor, are designed and synthesized for the first time.
Research on tin-copper bimetallic phosphide nanoparticles as anode for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Shuling , Feng Kang , Xu Wenxuan , Tong Jianbo
Published: May 2024

The SnCuP/PC-X was prepared by one-step solvothermal phosphating method, in which the introduction of copper not only affected the morphology of SnCuP/C-X, promoted the electrical conductivity, but also inhibited the growth of tin particles.
A first-principles study of optoelectronic properties and electric field modulation in PbS quantum dot/graphene hybrid systems
Authors: Du YuXuan , Wang ZhuoMan , Wu Chao , Zhao JiJie , Wen Shuai , Wang Shengyong , Liu Huan
Published: May 2024

First-principles DFT calculations reveal enhanced interaction between non-polar facets of PbS QDs and graphene. External electric fields can modulate energy levels and charge transfer, offering insights for optimizing PbS QD/graphene systems.
Surface-anchoring fluorinated sulfonate enables efficient and stable perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Yang Bo , Li Xinyue , Cai Bing , Zheng Xiaojia , Xiong Kai , Zhang Wen-Hua
Published: May 2024

TFS-TFMS was introduced to modulate the upper interface in n–i–p structured perovskite solar cells, resulting in significantly improved device performance owing to the synergistic engineering of fluorine and sulfonate functional sites.
Synergy between structural rigidity and cluster defects in a bright near-infrared Cr3+-based phosphor for excellent thermal stability and long afterglow
Authors: Balhara Annu , Gupta Santosh K. , Modak Brindaban , Abraham Malini , Yadav Ashok Kumar , Annadata Harshini V. , Das Subrata , Rawat Narender Singh , Sudarshan Kathi
Published: May 2024

This work investigates the important role of structural rigidity and defect related dynamics of a promising garnet phosphor with robust thermal stability for efficient NIR pc-LED devices.
Templated synthesis of CsPbBr3 nanowire arrays toward low dark current drift and stable X-ray detectors
Authors: Song Zhaolin , Zhu Menghua , Chen Sixin , Xu Meng , Jie Wanqi
Published: May 2024

AAO–CsPbBr3 composite films are prepared using a melt hot-pressing method, in which AAO templates are completely filled with CsPbBr3 nanowires. X-ray detectors with excellent electrical stability are fabricated based on AAO–CsPbBr3 films.
Themed collection on molecular scale electronics
Authors: Su Timothy A. , Inkpen Michael S. , Li Haixing
Published: May 2024

Tim Su, Michael Inkpen and Haixing Li introduce the Journal of Materials Chemistry C themed collection Molecular Scale Electronics.
Reinforcement learning driven moth‐flame optimisation algorithm for solving numerical optimisation problems
Authors: Zhao Fuqing , Du Yuqing , Wang Qiaoyun
Published: May 2024

Moth‐flame optimisation (MFO) algorithm has received a lot of attention recently, due to its simple structure and easy coding. Researchers have demonstrated that the original MFO algorithm suffers from the drawbacks of insufficient variety, slow convergence speed, and readily sliding into local optimum, which are brought about by the imbalance between local and global search. Reinforcement learning driven moth‐flame optimisation (RLMFO) algorithm is designed to correct these issues. Opposition learning is employed to broaden the variety of the initial population. Reinforcement learning is introduced to direct the local and global search process of the algorithm. A strategy pool containing Gaussian mutation (GM), Cauchy mutation (CM), Lévy mutation (LM), and elite strategy (ES) is created to hold strategies with various functions. RLMFO is verified on the benchmark test suite in CEC 2017. RLMFO performs better than cutting‐edge algorithms according to experimental findings.
An analysis of parameters affecting ampacity in aircraft bipolar MVDC power cables via coupled electrical, thermal, and computational fluid dynamic modelling
Authors: Azizi Arian , Ghassemi Mona
Published: May 2024

The next generation of aircraft, including more electric aircraft and all‐electric aircraft (AEA), requires electric power systems with high power density and low system mass specifications. Increasing the voltage of the system to the range of a few kV, medium voltage (MV), is a reasonable approach to achieving high‐power‐density and low‐system‐mass EPSs for aircraft applications. Higher voltages, however, pose many challenges for aviation MV power cables such as arcs and arc tracking, partial discharges (PDs), and thermal management. In this regard, thermal management is more challenging since heat transfer by convection is greatly reduced at wide‐body aircraft's cruising altitudes due to the reduced air pressure. In this paper, a finite element method (FEM) model is developed in COMSOL Multiphysics for an aircraft bipolar MVDC (±5 kV) power cable. Using the model, the maximum permissible cable current at a low pressure of 18.8 kPa (at an altitude of 12.2 km from sea level, the usual cruising altitude for wide‐body aircraft) is calculated. Also, an analytical model is developed based on analytical and proven empirical correlations governing conductive, radiative, and convective heat transfers at the steady state to estimate the ampacity of the bipolar cable system at reduced pressure. It was shown that the proposed analytical model can be used for atmospheric pressure and systems with a larger number of poles, expanding its range of applications. The results of the FEM and analytical models correlate at wide ranges of parameters such as ambient temperature, duct size, distance between the positive and negative pole cables, and the overall diameter of the cables. The influence of horizontal and vertical arrangement of poles is included in the analytical model. The results of this study can be used to design bipolar MVDC power cable systems for the envisaged wide‐body AEA.
Failure mechanism of metallized film capacitors under DC field superimposed AC harmonic: From equipment to material
Authors: Li Zhiyuan , Zhou Yihan , Wang Xuguang , Liu Hongbo , Cheng Lu , Liu Wenfeng , Li Shengtao , Guo Jiang , Xu Yang
Published: May 2024

This study focuses on the degradation behaviour of metallised film capacitors, which are the essential components for the stability of converter valves in flexible ultra‐high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems. Through systematic experimentation, we investigated the failure mechanisms of MFCs under HVDC fields with superimposed harmonics, considering both equipment and material perspectives. The experiments subjected capacitors to 500 h of ageing under two conditions: a DC/AC‐superimposed field with a constant DC component of 290 kV/mm and an AC ripple rate varying from 12% to 28%, and a control group aged solely under a DC field. Our findings indicate that capacitors aged under the DC/AC‐superimposed field exhibited shorter lifespans and more significant capacitance loss than those aged under only the DC field. This difference in performance is primarily attributed to the distinct electrode loss behaviours observed under each ageing condition, which are key factors in the capacitors' capacitance decay. Moreover, the biaxially oriented polypropylene films in the DC‐aged samples showed more severe deterioration, characterised by more noticeable molecular chain scission and reduced breakdown strength, compared to those aged under the DC/AC superimposed field. This difference is partly due to the moderate temperature increase caused by harmonics, which benefits the aggregation structure, and partly to the reduced molecular structure damage from the AC field.