bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REDES NEURAIS CONVOLUCIONAIS E PADRÃO CPAQV 100 PARA ANÁLISE DO MOVIMENTO HUMANO
Authors: Vilela Junior Guanis de Barros , Fileni Carlos Henrique Prevital , Passos Ricardo Pablo
Published: May 2020

The complexity of the entire education system fascinates, intrigues, and annoys millions of teachers, students, and managers around the world. First, through the recognition by the majority of the population of the unquestionable advances that the consolidation of educational systems has provided over time, first in the service of kings and after a long period of elitization, it is the first time in history that we have the massification of education, either. she presential or virtual. The reflux of this scenario is obvious and even cliché: knowledge for the masses is dangerous; after all, knowledge remains an uncontested form of power. The purpose of this paper is to reflect how different educational structures and changes thatoccurred at the same and different speeds, formed a superstructure, in the Althusserian sense, capable of reinforcing values, ideologies and perhaps this is uneducated; until the collapse of consolidated dystopia for centuries that this superstructure would never collapse. It is in this transfenomenal scenario that we will see how Education 5.0 is coming with the sagacity of a hungry beast. Our challenge? Feed her.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ЗАТРАТ ЭНЕРГИИ ПРИ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ НОВОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ В ПРОЦЕССЕ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОГО ИЗМЕЛЬЧЕНИЯ ШПИНАТНОГО ЛИСТА
Authors: З.М. Арабова , А.Х.-Х. Нугманов , И.Ю. Алексанян , В.Н. Лысова , В.Э. Поликарпова
Published: May 2020

В данной статье рассмотрен важный этап подготовки листьев шпината к экстрагированию хлорофилла, а именно его предварительное кратковременное замачивание в эмульсии вода/органический реагент при ультразвуковом воздействии. Путем визуальной и математической оценки микрофотографий до и после измельчения подтверждена целесообразность проведения данной физико-химической обработки листьев шпината. Комплексная оценка эффективности проведения данной операции связана с дополнительным измельчением сырья в поле ультразвука, для которого целесообразно определить степень однородности дисперсного состава взвешенных частиц и выявить технологические подходы к ее повышению, то есть определить затраты энергии на образование вновь образованной поверхности. Энергозатраты при операции измельчения материала определяются в основном его физико-химическими характеристиками, обусловленными напряжением упругих деформаций, а также модулем упругости. Для объектов одного химического состава эти параметры могут отличаться, что определяется их структурным различием и варьированием элементного и компонентного соотношения, вследствие чего данные показатели находятся прямыми или косвенными методами для конкретного продукта. Выбор в качестве исходного материала листьев шпината для получения натурального красителя на основе хлорофиллов обусловлен тем, что данный овощ является пищевым сырьем, богатым на этот пигмент, и хорошим источником различных по своим функциональным свойствам биологически активных веществ. Измельченный шпинатный пигментный премикс используют для обогащения продукции общественного, в частности, диетического, специализированного и лечебно-профилактического питания. Принимаем, что энергия, расходуемая на измельчение продукта, будет пропорциональна образуемой при нем дополнительной поверхности, то есть для создания единицы дополнительной поверхности необходимо произвести определенную удельную работу. Авторы определяли ее величину эмпирически, полагая, что она является обобщенным параметром, обусловленным характеристиками измельчаемого объекта. В материалах статьи приведен метод эмпирического расчета величины удельной работы, реализованный на примере листьев шпината.
УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО ЗЕРНА ЯРОВОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ АЗОТНЫХ УДОБРЕНИЙ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ КРАСНОЯРСКОЙ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ
Authors: В.Н. Романов , Г.А. Демиденко
Published: May 2020

Цель исследования: агроэкологическая оценка влияния азотных удобрений на урожай-ность и качество зерна яровой пшеницы; обоснование приемов эффективного использо-вания азотных удобрений в агроценозах Крас-ноярской лесостепи (на базе ОПХ «Минино»; ООО «Емельяновское» Емельяновского района Красноярского края). Представлены резуль-таты изучения влияния азотных удобрений на урожайность и качество зерна мягкой яровой пшеницы Омская 32 (форма азотных удобре-ний, глубина внесения при локальном и поверх-ностном способах). В полевом опыте приме-нялись меченые удобрения (аммиачная селит-ра, сульфат аммония, мочевина, натриевая селитра) в дозе 90 кг/га. Фосфорные применя-ли в той же дозе, калийные – 60 кг/га. Форми-рование урожая яровой пшеницы значительно изменяется в зависимости от того, на какой глубине находятся азотные удобрения. Наи-большая прибавка урожая наблюдается при внесении аммиачной селитры в слой почвы 0–20 см и составляет 70 %. Разные формы азотных удобрений при поверхностном и ло-кальном способах их внесения проявляют дифференцированное влияние на урожайность зерна яровой пшеницы. При поверхностном внесении азотных удобрений достоверная прибавка урожая составила 7,9–13,5 и 6,5–8,0 ц/га. Анализ применения различных форм азотных удобрений показал преимущество натриевой селитры (прибавка к РК составля-ет 81 %) и аммиачной селитры (прибавка со-ставила 60 %) в действии, а сульфата аммо-ния и натриевой селитры в последействии. Внесение азотных удобрений в оптимальных дозах оказывает положительное воздействие на содержание белка и клейковины в зерне мяг-кой яровой пшеницы Омская 32.
ВЫХОД ПОСАДОЧНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА ЗЕМЛЯНИКИ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ СХЕМЫ ПОСАДКИ И СОРТОВЫХ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ МАТОЧНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ
Authors: А.Ф. Степанов , Н.А. Бондаренко , В.В. Кнауб
Published: May 2020

Цель работы – выявление влияния двух схем посадки маточных растений на усообразовательную способность и выход стандартного посадочного материала сортов земляники. Исследования проводили в 2016–2019 гг. в южной лесостепи Омской области на лугово-черноземной почве. Установлено, что разреженная (блочная) посадка земляники в маточнике способствует лучшему формированию листового аппарата у высаженной рассады. К концу августа число листьев на растении при загущенной схеме посадки 0,9х0,2 м составляет от 8,7 до 14,0 шт., а при разреженной 0,9х0,9 м увеличивается до 12,0–25,7 штук. Появление первых усов земляники наблюдается 10–30 июня, массовое образование – в середине июля – второй декаде августа. Сорта земляники при блочной посадке рассады отличаются повышенной усообразующей способностью, к концу августа имеют 12,7–19,0 усов на растении, тогда как при загущенной лишь 9,7–13,0 шт. Наиболее длинные усы (138–159 см) имеют сорта Анастасия и Первоклассница, меньше – Даренка и Слоненок – 110,7–120,7 см. При разреженной схеме посадки к осени от одного куста земляники образуется стандартных розеток больше, но выход рассады с 1 га из-за разного числа высаженных маточных растений на этой площади выше в 3,8–4,4 раза при загущенной и составляет 1727,8–2238,9 штук. При выкопке земляники весной выход стандартной рассады в среднем по всем сортам при загущенной посадке на 28,8 %, а блочной – на 21, 3 % больше, чем при выкопке осенью. При обеих схемах посадки и выкопке осенью выход стандартной рассады сортов земляники составляет 43,2–77,4 %, а весной – увеличивается до 72,4–85,7 %. Наибольший выход стандартной рассады с 1 га обеспечивает сорт Первоклассница.
ВЫЯВЛЕНИЕ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТИ У РАСТЕНИЙ СМОРОДИНЫ ЧЕРНОЙ (RIBES NIGRUM L.), ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ IN VITRO ДЛЯ СЕЛЕКЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ БАШКИРИИ
Authors: Л.А. Головина , Р.А. Нигматзянов , В.Н. Сорокопудов
Published: May 2020

Смородина черная (Ribes nigrum L.) относится к числу наиболее ценных ягодных кустарников в Республике Башкортостан. Сортовой состав данной культуры представлен в основном высокоадаптивными сортами башкирской селекции. Сорта Караидель и Чишма являются высокоурожайными, высокозимостойкими, имеют полевую устойчивость к основным болезням и вредителям, обладают хорошей побегообразовательной и побеговосстановительной способностью. На сегодняшний день сорта Караидель и Чишма задействованы в селекции смородины черной в качестве родительских форм для создания новых сортов. Цель работы – выявить изменчивость хозяйственно-биологических признаков сортов смородины черной, полученных клональным микроразмножением in vitro. Задачи исследований: проведение фенологических наблюдений, учеты зимостойкости и засухоустойчивости, общего состояния растений, учет степени поражения растений болезнями и повреждения вредителями, определение периода покоя. В статье представлены результаты исследований по сортоизучению растений смородины черной (Ribes nigrum L.), полученных при помощи метода клонального микроразмножения in vitro. В качестве объектов были задействованы растения-регенеранты сортов селекции Башкирского НИИСХ – Караидель и Чишма, а также сорт Сеянец Голубки. Исследования проводились в Кушнаренковском селекционном центре по плодово-ягодным культурам и винограду в период с 2017 по 2019 год. Проведены фенологические наблюдения, учет зимостойкости и засухоустойчивости, общего состояния растений, степени поражения растений болезнями и повреждения вредителями, определение периода покоя. Сортоизучение растений смородины черной (R. nigrum L.), полученных методом клонального микроразмножения in vitro (сорта Караидель, Чишма и контроль Сеянец Голубки), позволило выявить вариабельность сортов по наиболее важным хозяйственно-биологическим признакам. Установлено, что данные сорта сохраняют свою стабильность в культуре без снижения качественных признаков и будут использованы для дальнейшей селекционной работы по смородине черной в условиях Башкирии.
Smart Urban Profiling And Management – New Insights For Enhancing Innovative And Sustainable City Development
Authors: Oberreiter Rebecca
Published: May 2020

Rapidly changing framework conditions for city development such as globalization, demographic trends, deindustrialization, technological developments or the increasing urbanization as well as the economic, social and political changes are profound and change our urban life. This leads, that the cities of tomorrow will differ essentially from today´s city principles. Therefore innovative, strategically wise and quick action becomes a criterion for success. Here, more than ever, local conditions and requirements must be taken into account as well as global framework conditions. The responsible parties have to set the course so that the “City” remains competitive and sustainable in the future. Therefore, innovation processes and sustainable strategies for dealing with the diverse and complex agendas of a city in dialogue with those who are responsible for it must be initiated and management systems established so that new things can develop continuously and systematically.

This work illustrates how the boundaries created to manage and market future liveable and sustainable city destinations are the root of the practical and academic problems that trouble city management these days. 

This paper aims to develop the new integrated Smart Urban Profiling and Management model, which presents a new integrated approach for city marketing as an instrument of sustainable urban development. In this way, comprehensive research was conducted to evaluate if the holistic city marketing concept that integrates elements of smart city strategies and adaptive management is a more suitable instrument and integrative process than conventional city marketing in order to improve the sustainable urban development. Therefore, in this work, the designed “Smart Urban Profiling and Management model” for city management introduces an alternative and holistic perspective that allows transcending past boundaries and thus getting closer to the real complexities of managing city development in dynamic systems.

The results offer the opportunity to recognize the city and consequently allow to developing successful strategies and implementation measures. This study targets to contribute to this endeavor in order to produce new impulses and incitements in the city management field and shall provide a fresh impetus for a new understanding of city marketing as the initiator of development processes, mobilization and moderator in concerning communication and participation processes. This paper is written from a perspective addressing those responsible for the city- management, city- & urban marketing and development.
FORMATION OF INFORMATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEM
OF MANAGEMENT AND ACCOUNTING BY FIXED ASSETS OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Matviychuk Lyudmyla
Published: May 2020

Introduction. In today's market conditions, skillful and careful organization of the process of management and accounting in the agricultural sector of the economy becomes an essential factor in the efficient and rational use of fixed assets. Therefore, well-organized management and accounting of fixed assets at agricultural enterprises should be a holistic, unified system of interconnected, mutually agreed ways and methods.
Methods. The methodological basis of scientific work is the following methods of cognition of economic phenomena. The following methods are applied, in particular: theoretical comparison – to build a facet-hierarchical classification model of fixed assets; tabular and graphic method – in order to visually display factual information; method of expert evaluations – in the development of methodological provisions for evaluating the choice and implementation of information technology for the management and accounting of fixed assets; abstract and logical, causal relations, description, concretization, formalization – for the formation of a system of management accounting and documenting the movement of fixed assets.
Results. A comprehensive system of accounting for fixed assets at agricultural enterprises is proposed on the basis of generalized views of scientists on the organization of the management process, which provides maximum efficiency in the use of fixed assets with minimal costs for their maintenance and service. The key components and principles of the process of management and accounting of fixed assets, which became a prerequisite for building a classification of information on certain grounds, were determined. A faceted classification of fixed assets of an agricultural enterprise to assess the quality of their use is developed for this purpose.
Discussion. The submitted proposals will improve the quality of management accounting of fixed assets through the development of its promising components, in particular, on the basis of facet-hierarchical classification of analytical display of information about their objects at all stages of the life cycle. An important achievement in this regard will be the creation of software products that allow you to quickly process information and respond instantly to the needs of management. Accordingly, work on their creation requires appropriate research in the future.
Keywords: management, accounting, fixed assets, agricultural enterprises, organizational and information system, faceted classification.
MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCE ASSETS IN CONDITIONS
OF INCREASING GLOBAL THREATS AND RISKS
Authors: Mykytenko Victoria , Dragan Irina
Published: May 2020

Introduction. At all levels of government, there was a need to transform the organizational structure of natural resource management on the basis of the introduction of a modern system of territorial natural entities with the change of relevant functions, mechanisms and powers in the direction of increasing the ecological and economic effect in various spheres of economic activity.
Methods. The methodological solution of the problems is based on dialectical methods of cognition, which provide a comprehensive and objective nature of research. Methodical basis were the methods of forecasting (structural and functional modeling and concentration of information), systematic and technical and economic analysis.
Results. The conceptual and categorical field of the theory of formation of the spatial system of management of natural resource assets at the expense of the author's interpretation of the concept: "principles of formation of an innovative model of management of natural resource assets" has been developed. The article summarizes the results of a systematic analysis of current trends in the spatial development of the national social and economic system. The principles of formation of innovative model of management of natural-resource assets, which serve as the basis to be guided by the society in assessing the meta-space of the national social and economic system due to the priority development of the communicative environment in the context of stimulating economic growth at a certain historical stage, forming a viable political and economic stage, are substantiated and the cultural environment, the exploitation of natural resources in order to rationalize the use of productive forces and ensuring effective national development.
Discussion. The above proposals can be used in the development of projects for managing Ukraine's natural resources in the context of decentralization, strategies of economic and social development of the regions of Ukraine.
Keywords: principles, spatial management system, social and economic system, sustainable development, management of natural resource assets.
Health research methodology education in Canadian emergency medicine residency programs: A national environmental scan
Authors: Wang Aaron , Meiwald Allison , Harper Robert , Van Aarsen Kristine , Yan Justin
Published: May 2020

Objectives: Our objective was to describe the variability of research methodology teaching among English-speaking Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada emergency medicine (RCPSC-EM) residency programs. We also aimed to identify barriers to teaching research methodology curricula.

Methods: An electronic survey was sent by email to program directors and residents of English-speaking RCPSC-EM training programs countrywide. Reminder emails were sent after 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Quantitative, descriptive statistics were prepared, and qualitative data and themes were identified.

Results: We received a total of 7 responses from the possible 12 program directors (response rate = 58.3%). Out of 354 potential resident respondents, 82 (23.2%) completed the survey. There was disparity between resident and program director responses with respect to the existence of curricula, preparation for Royal College exams, and usefulness for future practice. Barriers to teaching a research methodologies curriculum included lack of time, support, educated faculty, and finances.

Conclusion: This survey demonstrates that Canadian EM residency programs vary with respect to research methodology curriculum, and discrepancies exist between residents’ and program directors’ perceptions of the curriculum. Given the lack of a standardized research methodology curriculum for these programs, there is an opportunity to improve training in research methodology.
Soils and earthworms as a final chapter in the narrative of a steelworks
Authors: Butt K.R , Quigg S.M
Published: May 2020

Hallside steelworks, South Lanarkshire, Scotland, employed thousands of people and constructed rails and ships for over a century, before this successful industry closed in the 1970s. The site,south-east of Glasgow, was then reclaimed from dereliction during the 1990s to produce biomass through Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) of willow trees (Salix spp.). On site, the contaminated soil was removed, and a rudimentary substrate created with a mixture of sewage sludge and colliery spoil, the latter moved from nearby tips to release land for housing. Trees were planted and earthworms (Annelida) added to potentially assist growth. Initially recognised as a flagship for reclamation, the site was then abandoned. In 2018, information was gathered on the development of soils and on earthworm communities. This was achieved by sampling across the 35 ha site below willow, other planted tree species and grassland. The results showed that reclaimed soils were very stony, compacted, resistant to water infiltration but relatively uncontaminated. Willow had grown, but coppicing had not occurred. Earthworm introduction was initially unsuccessful, but colonisation took place from adjacent unadulterated areas and 16 species from three ecological groups were recorded. Mean community density was 208 ± 18.1 earthworms m-2 with a mean mass of 71 ± 6.1 g m-2. Type of vegetation cover had a significant (P <0.05) effect on community density and biomass. The site is now used for recreation and is an effective greenspace close to Glasgow.
A Modular Design Approach for Ka-Band Front-End Receiver of Synthetic Aperture Interferometric Passive Imager
Authors: Mehdi Ghulam , Asif Muhammad , Anyong Hu , Miao Jungang
Published: May 2020

Electromagnetic Laboratory of Beihang University is engaged in the development of Ka-band synthetic aperture interferometric based passive imager named as BHU-2D-U. The imager is intended for detection of concealed weapons on human body. Noise figure of front-end receiver dictates the dynamic range and consequently the imaging performance of the imager. A modular design approach is presented to obtain improved noise figure as compared to the previous work. Additionally, the modular design gives a flexibility to adopt any desired receiver gain, instantaneous bandwidth, and noise figure and image rejection suppression. The measured gain, noise figure and image rejection is 42 dB, 4.1 dB and 60 dB respectively with 80 dB excellent spurious free spectral response. The reconstructed image performance of the imager is found satisfactory
The Innovation Development in China in the Context of Globalization
Authors: Babenko Vitalina , Pravotorova Olga , Yefremova Nataliia , Popova Svitlana , Kazanchuk Irina , Honcharenko Vladislav
Published: May 2020

China's economic development has entered a stage of high quality due to the increasing supply of innovations and the strengthening of the innovation environment. This created the attractiveness of an innovative economic system, conducive to building a modern globalization space. The purpose of the article is to study the current state of China's innovation development; conducting a comparative analysis of individual macroeconomic indicators that characterize the national innovation system between countries. For a detailed examination of the state of development of innovation processes for each country, indicators that contribute to the development of innovation in the country are analyzed. GDP is considered as a sign of innovation and technical condition of the studied countries; balance of payments; foreign direct investment: іnward and outward flows and stock, annual. Regression analysis was used as the study method. With its help, on the basis of statistical information for the period 2013-2019, analytical dependencies (growth curves) for each studied indicator were determined. Using the calculated equations of the growth curves, the predicted values of the studied traits for the period 2020-2022 are determined. This is how we see GDP growth, especially for countries such as China and the USA. The forecast showed a positive balance of payments only for Hungary, Russia and Greece, for other countries it is negative, the largest of which is in the USA. Leaders in foreign investment are countries such as China, the USA and Russia, and Ukraine also has a slight but upward trend. Thus, studies show that expanding the scope of market mechanisms and stimulating innovation at the micro level, the Chinese leadership has not lost sight of macroeconomic levers of regulation
Voluntariado en personas mayores: un modo de inclusión actual
Authors: Martínez-Heredia Nazaret , Amaro Agudo Ana
Published: May 2020

En el caso de las personas mayores, los programas de voluntariado suponen una vía de participación en la sociedad, promoviendo un envejecimiento de calidad. En el presente trabajo nos planteamos analizar diversas oportunidades de voluntariado dirigido a nuestros mayores. En la actualidad existen unas 30 oportunidades de voluntariado en toda España. Los resultados muestran que la mayor parte de actividades son de acompañamiento afectivo y personal. La autoconciencia del mayor como voluntario y su incorporación a los referidos marcos normativos es un tema cada vez más necesario y creciente.
Šiuolaikinis plaučių embolijos gydymas antikoaguliantais
Authors: Musteikienė Greta , Miliauskas Skaidrius
Published: May 2020

Venų trombinė embolija, kuri kliniškai pasireiškia kaip giliųjų venų trombozė arba plaučių embolija, yra vienas dažniausių ūminių išeminių sindromų. Heparinas ir jo produktai – jau daugiau kaip 50 metų yra venų trombinės embolijos kompleksinio gydymo pagrindas, tačiau pastaraisiais metais antikoaguliantų arsenalą papildė ir įvairūs nauji antikoaguliantai. Šiame straipsnyje apžvelgiami jų veikimo mechanizmai, privalumai bei trūkumai, galimi veiksmai perdozavus.
Eozinofilų β grandinės citokinų receptorių ir integrinų raiška bei bronchų epitelio pažaidos žymenų reikšmė sergant 2-ojo tipo astma
Authors: Kalinauskaitė-Žukauskė Virginija
Published: May 2020

2020 m. vasario 20 d. Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto Medicinos akademijos viešajame Medicinos mokslo krypties tarybos posėdyje Virginija Kalinauskaitė-Žukauskė sėkmingai apgynė daktaro mokslo laipsnio disertaciją „Eozinofilų β grandinės citokinų receptorių ir integrinų raiška bei bronchų epitelio pažaidos žymenų reikšmė sergant 2-ojo tipo astma“. Disertacija rengta 2014–2019 m. Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto Medicinos akademijos Pulmonologijos klinikoje. Straipsnyje pateikiami esminiai disertacijos rezultatai.
Daugiadisciplinio konsiliumo vertė diagnozuojant ir gydant intersticines plaučių ligas. Kauno klinikų patirtis
Authors: Vasiliauskas Gediminas , Biekšienė Kristina
Published: May 2020

Įvadas. Tarptautinės rekomendacijos rekomenduoja intersticinių plaučių ligų (IPL) diagnostiką atlikti specializuotuose centruose, pacientus aptariant IPL daugiadiscipliniame konsiliume (IPLDDK). Tyrimo tikslas. Nustatyti IPLDDK vertę IPL diagnostikai ir gydymo taktikos apsprendimui Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto ligoninės Kauno klinikų (toliau – Kauno klinikų) Pulmonologijos klinikoje. Tyrimo metodika. Atlikta retrospektyvioji pacientų, pristatytų Kauno klinikų IPLDDK nuo 2019 m. sausio 10 d. iki 2020 m. sausio 9 d., duomenų analizė. Į tyrimą įtraukti pacientai, kuriems pirmą kartą nustatyta IPL diagnozė. Rezultatai. Iš 98 tirtų pacientų 67,4 proc. pacientų IPL diagnozė nustatyta per pirmą IPLDDK aptarimą. Dažniausiai buvo nustatyta sarkoidozės diagnozė – 48,9 proc., po 8,2 proc. – idiopatinės plaučių fibrozės, idiopatinės nespecifinės intersticinės pneumonijos ir hipersensityviojo pneumonito. 63,3 proc. IPL diagnozių nustatytos remiantis klinikiniais ir radiologinių tyrimų duomenimis. Prieš IPLDDK aptarimą 45,9 proc. pacientų nustatyta nepatikslinta IPL. IPLDDK metu diagnozė pakeista 53,1 proc. pacientų. Visiems pacientams, nustačius IPL, rekomenduota gydymo taktika. Išvados. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad IPLDDK yra tikslingas diagnozuojant IPL ir apsprendžiant gydymo taktiką.
Plaučių navikų ilgosios ašies ir tūrių pokyčio palyginimas vertinant atsaką į gydymą
Authors: Strazdas Andrius , Urbonavičiūtė Ignė , Zaveckienė Jurgita
Published: May 2020

Plečiantis plaučių vėžio (PV) gydymo metodams ir galimybėms, kasdienėje klinikinėje praktikoje vis dažniau susiduriama su taikomų naviko atsako į gydymą vertinimo metodikų ribotumo ir tobulinimo klausimais. Standartizuota solidinių navikų atsako vertinimo metodika RECIST (angl. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours) 1.1 ne visais atvejais gali užtikrinti ankstyvą progresuojančios ligos nustatymą. Tyrimo tikslas. Išanalizuoti išmatuojamų navikų matmenų ir tūrių pokyčių skirtumus, vertinant PV atsaką į gydymą kompiuterinės tomografijos (KT) vaizduose. Tyrimo metodai. Retrospektyviai įvertinti 2016–2019 m. įprastai atliktų KT tyrimų duomenys. Atrankos kriterijai: verifikuotas nesmulkių ląstelių PV, KT tyrimas atliktas prieš gydymą ir du KT tyrimai gydant; plaučiuose nustatytas bent vienas išmatuojamas navikinis darinys. Matuotas navikinio darinio ilgosios ašies matmuo (IA) ir tūris pagal elipsės (VT) ir sferos modelius (VS). Matavimai atlikti rankiniu ir pusiau automatiniu būdu, naudojant VitreaWorkstation™ CAD programinę įrangą. Dydžių pokyčiai vertinti remiantis RECIST 1.1 kategorijomis: progresuojanti liga (PL), dalinis atsakas ir stabili liga. Rezultatai. Tyrime analizuoti 125 pacientų duomenys. Išmatuoti 145 navikiniai dariniai ir įvertintas jų atsakas į gydymą. Nustatytas labai stiprus ryšys tarp IA ir VT prieš gydymą ir gydant (atitinkamai r=0,921, I r=0,937, II r=0,920). Vertinant VT pokyčius I ir II kontrolinių tyrimų vaizduose, PL nustatyta dažniau nei vertinant IA pokyčius, atitinkamai – 13,8 proc. ir 6,9 proc. Remiantis VT padidėjimu, I kontroliniame tyrime nustatytas PL dažnis 36,6 proc. (n=53) atitiko IA II kontroliniame tyrime nustatytą PL dažnį 35,9 proc. (n=52). Išvada. Nustatytas labai stiprus ryšys tarp naviko IA ir VT. Naviko VT padidėjimas gali būti jautresnis būdas įvertinti PL PV sergantiems pacientams.
NEXThaler® – inovatyvus sausųjų miltelių, ypač smulkias vaisto daleles formuojantis fiksuotų dozių beklometazono ir formoterolio inhaliatorius, skirtas smulkiųjų kvėpavimo takų gydymui sergant astma
Authors: Kalinauskaitė-Žukauskė Virginija
Published: May 2020

Naujausių tyrimų duomenimis, smulkiųjų kvėpavimo takų pokyčiai, sergant astma, yra gana dažni ir gali būti randami netgi tiems pacientams, kuriems nėra proksimalinių bronchų obstrukcijos požymių. Periferiniai, labiausiai nutolę kvėpavimo takai, paprastai vadinami smulkiaisiais bronchais ir jų vidinis skersmuo yra <2 mm, o tai sukelia didžiąją oro srauto pasipriešinimo dalį sergant astma. Paprastai į kvėpavimo takus įkvepiamos dalelės turi būti mažesnės nei 5 μm. Tačiau tik gerokai mažesnį vidutinį aerodinaminį skersmenį (MMAD) turinčios dalelės gali veiksmingai patekti į smulkiuosius kvėpavimo takus ir juose nusėsti. Įrodyta, kad inhaliatorius yra labai svarbus veiksnys, užtikrinantis, kad inhaliuojamasis vaistas pasiektų netgi tolimiausias bronchų medžio dalis bei taip pagerintų astmos gydymo rezultatus ir simptomų kontrolę. NEXThaler® sausųjų miltelių inhaliatorius (DPI) buvo sukurtas specialiai atsižvelgiant į astma sergančių ir kasdien įkvepiamuosius vaistus vartojančių pacientų poreikius. Gydant NEXThaler® DPI, vaistai patenka tiek į stambiuosius, tiek į smulkiuosius kvėpavimo takus. Atliktų tyrimų duomenimis, NEXThaler® DPI: 1) patogus naudoti kiekvieną dieną, nes lengvai paruošiamas: „atidarai – įkvepi – uždarai“; 2) triguba grįžtamojo ryšio sistema, susieta su prietaiso aktyvinimu, tik esant pakankamai įkvėpimo srovei, o tai užtikrina, kad pacientas įkvėps visą reikalingą vaisto dozę kiekvienos inhaliacijos metu; 3) prietaiso generuojamos ypač smulkiosios vaisto dalelės veiksmingai pasiekia ir smulkiuosius kvėpavimo takus.
Tinkamo vaistų derinio ir tinkamo inhaliatoriaus parinkimo svarba gydant lėtinę obstrukcinę plaučių ligą
Authors: Kondratavičienė Laima
Published: May 2020

Lėtinės obstrukcinės plaučių ligos medikamentinio gydymo pagrindas yra įkvepiamieji bronchus plečiantieji vaistai. Atlikti klinikiniai tyrimai įrodė, kad įkvepiamieji ilgo veikimo muskarino receptorių blokatoriai (IVMB) ir ilgo veikimo β2 agonistai (IVBA), derinami kartu, yra veiksmingesni nei įprasti trumpo veikimo vaistai, o jų farmakologiniai profiliai veiksmingai vienas kitą papildo. Tačiau be veiksmingo vaistų derinio labai svarbus ir tinkamo inhaliatoriaus parinkimas. Respimat® smulkią miglą formuojantis inhaliatorius – tai unikalus prietaisas, pasižymintis ypač didele vaisto dalelių depozicija net smulkiausiuose kvėpavimo takuose, palyginus su kitais prietaisais.
Binding consumption
Authors: Joel Eastman Alexander
Published: May 2020

Dozens of newspapers written and edited by people of color flourished in the last decades of the nineteenth century in Cuba. Through an analysis of black press periodicals representative of the main political tendencies between 1879 and 1886 this article examines the economic and socio-political contexts in which the black press operated and demonstrates how Cubans of color successfully carved out a space in the market of newspaper consumption. By examining the economic forces determining circulation and readership of these periodicals, it argues that black Cubans actively negotiated the public spheres of journalism and the marketplace, becoming empowered consumers and creators of information and economic value. This article foreground debates within the black press in order to analyze the history of the Cuban civil rights movement through the perspectives of people of color and to destabilize the notion of black political homogeneity. Black journalists and leaders with national and royalist affiliations vied for political positioning and debated over how to represent the people and the struggles of the raza de color.
ACHIEVING COCONUT SUPPLY RELIABILITY THROUGH RESEARCH-BASED CROP NUTRITION MANAGEMENT OF COCONUT FARMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: Severino S. Magat, PhD
Published: May 2020

A critical review of the PCA’s extensive R & D findings, and field-extension experience, particularly, the Small Coconut Farms Development Project or SCFDP (1990 - 1998) was done.  The analysis revealed several key points relevant to pursue a sustained coconut rehabilitation of 750,000 hectares (ha.) @ a 5-year cycle in the wet and intermediate growing zones  with judicious fertilization (crop nutrition management).

These major points are: (1)  at least 2 million (M) ha of current stands of coconut ( more than 95 % local tall varieties) have been suffering from widespread multi-deficiency of plant nutrients such as nitrogen, chloride, sulfur, potassium, phosphorus and micronutrients like boron, zinc and copper;  (2) as such, this is a major growth and yield-limiting  factor   that   limits   the  average   annual  coconut productivity (40 nuts tree or 1 ton copra/ha); (3)  the average performance (1992-95) of the SCFDP farms showed that coconut productivity increased to 91 nuts/tree (from 35 nuts) or to 3.01 tons copra/ha (from only 0.94) after at least 3 years of regular annual application of fertilizers; in  1998 ( post-rehabilitation of 3 years) yields dropped to 70 nuts/tree or 2.21 copra/ha; (4) onwards to year 2010, without management, these SCFDP farms  are predicted to further drop to 25.9 nuts/tree ( 0.70 ton copra/ha/yr), based on the estimate 8-9% annual reduction rate of yield; and (5) apparently, nationwide, the SCFDP experience  had shown that the soil nutrient-poor coconut farms are only capable of producing only about 1/3 of its achievable yield of 85 – 120 nuts/tree ( 2 –3 tons copra/ha), annually.
FARMERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON EXPANSION OF A NEW TECHNOLOGY: THE CASE OF COCONUT-BASED INTERCROPPING IN SRI LANKA
Authors: M.T.N. Fernando  , M.E. Daw  , I.E. Edwards
Published: May 2020

Monocropping, the widely practiced traditional coconut cultivation system in Sri Lanka, utilizes bio-physical resources sub optimally, generating low returns to growers than its potential under an intensive cultivation alternative, coconut-based intercropping (CBI). Despite concerted efforts of successive governments, the adoption of CBI systems by farmers is low. This study investigates the farmers' perceptions of CBI on the premise that the understanding of farmers’ perceptions of a new technology is important to identify the causes for the low adoption of that technology. Data were gathered by a field survey of 113 and 37 intercroppers and monocroppers respectively, in three main coconut-growing districts, namely Kurunegala, Gampaha and Puttalam, using a structured questionnaire supplemented with open-ended questions, through a single visit. Percentage analysis supplemented with a simple scoring device was employed to analyze the farmer's perceptions of CBI. Intercroppers objectives of intercropping, the constraints they face in expanding intercropping, reasons for non-adoption of CBI by present monocroppers and the suggestions of present intercroppers to further expand the CBI, all in the order of importance, are presented.
INFLUENCE OF DRIP IRRIGATION ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF COD X WCT COCONUT (COCOS NUCIFERA L.) HYBRID
Authors: R. Dhanapal  , H. P. Maheswarappa  , P. Subramanian  , Ajay Kumar Upadhyay
Published: May 2020

A field experiment on drip irrigation for Chowghat Orange Dwarf X West Coast Tall (COD X WCT) coconut hybrid was conducted in laterite soil at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod (Kerala, India) to study the drip irrigation requirement and its influence on growth and yield.  The treatments included were three levels of drip irrigation (at 33, 66 and 100% E0 daily), basin irrigation (100% E0) and rainfed control.  The experimental results revealed that annual leaf production and leaf nutrient status of coconut palm was significantly higher in the irrigated treatments compared to the rainfed control. The female flower production and nut yield with 66 per cent of Eo was on par with 100 per cent of Eo through drip and 100 per cent of Eo through basin irrigation and significantly superior compared to drip irrigation at 33 per cent of E0 and rainfed control.  Drip irrigation equal to 66 per cent of open pan evaporation (Eo) proved to be the economically efficient method of irrigation with water saving of 34 per cent compared to 100 per cent of Eo through basin and drip method.
LONG-TERM COCONUT LEAF PRUNING (CLP) EFFECTS ON CBFS: COCONUT-COFFEE AGROECOSYSTEM
Authors: L.H. Canja  , S.S. Magat  , R.Z. Margate
Published: May 2020

A long-term study on the response of ‘Laguna’ tall (LAGT) palms and coffee intercrop to coconut leaf pruning (CLP) was conducted at the PCA-Davao Research Center from 1993 to 2001 to determine the effect of coconut leaf pruning on the productivity of coconut + coffee cropping system.

The coconut leaf pruning technique did not significantly affect the yield and nutrition of coconut in all the years of observation.  However, lower number of nut and weight of copra per tree were observed on palms with CLP than those without CLP, but with a slight improvement in copra weight per nut.

Likewise, CLP did not affect the coffee yield and leaf nutrient levels.  Among the coffee varieties tested, the Excelsa had the highest green bean yield.  The Robusta (Ivory Coast and Philippine strains) and Arabica had similar yield and crop nutritional status. While they had similar leaf N, K and B contents that were higher than that of Excelsa, they also had lower leaf levels of Ca, Cl and S.

Coffee needs, 1,000-3,000 foot-candles of sunlight, which is within the available light transmission (1,750-4,050 foot-candles) under palms with and without CLP.  Hence, CLP is not necessary anymore in coconut with coffee intercrop.
FIRST RECORD OF THE INCIDENCE OF THE COCONUT MITE, ACERIA (ERIOPHYES) GUERRERONIS KEIFER IN NIGERIA
Authors: C.I. Aisagbonhi  , R.V. Nair  , K.O. Kolade
Published: May 2020

In continuation of the search for the causes of premature nutfall of coconut palms in Nigeria, samples of fresh fallen nuts were examined under the microscope.  Coconut palms (Chowghot Dwarf green (Indian), Malayian Dwarf yellow and Malayian Dwarf orange were surveyed between May to August 2003. The button stage nuts and premature nuts that recently fell on the ground were picked and conveyed back to the laboratory. The perianth (calyx ends) of each nut were split opened and examined under the microscope for presence of mites. Aceria(Eriophyes)guerreronis population were assessed per nut. All three ecotypes examined were infested. Preliminary observations indicated a mean mite population of 187.94 + 17.92 per nut sampled.Mealybugs (Pseudococcus sp) and some unidentified mites were also observed.  The role of these mites in the incidence of premature nutfall of coconut palms is discussed in this paper.
Microbiological properties of root zone of coconut grown in different soil series in Sri Lanka
Authors: K.S.K.S. Fernando  , N.A. Tennakoon  , S. Widanapathirana
Published: May 2020

In Sri Lanka, coconut is cultivated under diverse soil conditions of varying fertility status available in different agro-climatic zones. Although chemical and physical characteristics in some of these soils are known, their biological properties are yet to be studied.   Hence the aim of this study was to determine the microbiological parameters in root zone of coconut grown in different soil series.  For this study, 20 different soil series in coconut growing area were analyzed for number of total bacterial and fungal colonies, identification of bacteria and fungi, biomass C and N; CO2 evolution and nitrogen mineralization.

 

The microbiological parameters varied with the soil series. The bacterial population densities   were   significantly   (p=0.001)   high   in  Ambakelle,   Kalpitiya,   Rathupasa   and Madampe soil series while the fungal colonies were significantly (p=0.001) high in Thambarawa, Pallama, Wilatawa and Ambakelle soil series.
PRESENCE AND INOCULUM DENSITY OF Phytophthora IN DIFFERENT COCONUT CULTIVARS IN DAVAO RESEARCH CENTER (DRC)
Authors: N.C.S.J. Bachiller
Published: May 2020

Presence of Phytophthora palmivora was both obtained in the soil samples and organic debris layed in leaf axil of coconut.  Block planted to CAMT x MRD hybrid had the highest number of Phytophthora propagules (2.0).  This was followed by CAMT (1.4) and KINGD (1.1).  Aromatic and Catigan Green Dwarf  had the least Phytopthora propagules collected.

 

Isolation of Phytophthora from the soil samples and organic debris  from leaf axil was done thru dilution plate and baiting method respectively using six month old Malayan Red Dwarf (MRD) nuts.  Highest infection (100%) on bait nuts was also obtained in CAMT x MRD hybrid 3.5 days after inoculation.  Reisolation of Phytophthora from bait nuts gave positive results.  Morphological characterization of the sporangium showed considerable variation in shapes and size.

 

More Phytophthora propagules was obtained in soil samples collected in areas previously planted with Malayan Yellow Dwarf x West African Tall (MAWA).  Phytophthora palmivora is basically a soil borne pathogen but could easily be transported by wind and rainsplash, tent building ants and flying beetles,.
PHEROMONE SYNERGISTS AS CO-ATTRACTANT FOR OLFACTORY TRAPPING OF SCAPANES AUSTRALIS BSDV. (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE) PEST OF COCONUT IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Authors: Titus Kakul  , Didier Rochat  , Jean Paul Morin  , P. Gende  , S. Embupa  , L. Ollivier
Published: May 2020

Olfactory trapping of Scapanes australis is being studied to develop it to complement existing control methods. Components required were traps, pheromone and pheromone synergist.  The first two have been developed while field trials carried out to determine an efficient synergist co-attractant is reported.  Synthetic synergist mixtures of compounds emitted from fermenting sugarcane were tested in comparison to split stalk of garden grown sugarcane and split bulb of nursery coconut.  Some of the mixtures produced synergistic effect similar to sugarcane but lower than split bulb of coconut.  Placing live Scapanes adult inside the stalk of sugarcane increased catches similar to the split bulb of coconut.  This will enable the formulation of an efficient tool of beetle control.
PRESENCE AND INOCULUM DENSITY OF Phytophthora IN, DIFFERENT COCONUT CULTIVARS IN DAVAO, PHILIPPINES
Authors: N.C.S.J. Bachiller
Published: May 2020

Phytophthora palmivora was present in the soil samples and organic debris deposited in leaf axil of coconut. Block planted with CAMT x MRD hybrid had the highest number of Phytophthora propagules (2.0) followed by CAMT (1.4) and KINGD (1.1). Aromatic and Catigan Green Dwarf had the least Phytopthora propagules.

Isolation of Phytophthora from the soil samples and organic debris from leaf axil was done through dilution plate and baiting method respectively using six month old Malayan Red Dwarf (MRD) nuts. Highest infection (100%) on bait nuts was also obtained in CAMT x MRD hybrid 3.5 days after inoculation. Reisolation of Phytophthora from bait nuts gave positive results. Morphological characterization of the sporangium showed considerable variation in shapes and size.

More Phytophthora propagules was obtained in soil samples collected in areas previously planted with Malayan Yellow Dwarf x West African Tall (MAWA). Phytophthora palmivora is basically a soil borne pathogen but could easily be transported by wind and rainsplash, tent building ants and flying beetles.
Distribution and progression of stem bleeding disease of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in some areas of the Philippines
Authors: Nemesia C. San Juan  , Bachiller  , Reynaldo G. Abad
Published: May 2020

Records of disease occurrence in surveyed provinces show Davao del Sur having the highest disease incidence of stem bleeding caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa (de Seynes) von Hohnel. Disease incidence in Malayan Yellow Dwarf x West African Tall (MYD x WAT) hybrid at the PCA’s Zamboanga Research Center was relatively lower than the other areas observed.  Tall genotypes are less susceptible to the disease as shown in the province of Quezon where the cultivar Laguna Tall is predominantly grown.  The incidence of stem bleeding was found to be related with palms age.   More incidence of the disease was noted in palms between 11-15 years old. 

        

Study on the spatial distribution of the disease from l991 to l995 show that the disease initially occurred in random foci, and, subsequently infected adjacent palms.

        

The disease progress curves suggest that stem bleeding follows a sigmoid curve.   It follows that the progress of the disease at any given time is a function of the initial inoculums and the number of effective contact points between susceptible host and inoculums per unit time. Analysis of the infection rates using logistic growth model showed that the rate of disease increase ranged from 0.029 to 0.218 per unit per year and 0.227 per unit per year in all the six experimental areas.

 

Increase in disease incidence is directly related to high amount of rainfall.
Cryopreservation of mature coconut embryos by desiccation method
Authors: Anitha Karun  , K.K. Sajini  , V.A. Parthasarathy
Published: May 2020

Mature embryos of West Coast Tall variety of coconut could be cryopreserved after desiccation pretreatments and retrieved into plantlets. The desiccation pretreatment and optimum duration for dehydration of zygotic embryos were standardized.  The maximum retrieval of healthy plantlets was obtained from the embryos subjected to 18 hours silica gel or 24 hours laminar airflow desiccation pretreatment. Irreversible damage caused by desiccation to the death of the shoot meristem was noticed when the water content reduced to 20%.
Influence of integrated nutrient management and high density multi-species cropping system on soil properties, plant nutrition and yield in root (wilt) affected coconut palms
Authors: H.P. Maheswarappa  , P. Anitha Kumari  , P.G. Kamalakshiamma  , M. Shanavas
Published: May 2020

A field experiment was conducted at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (Regional Station), Kayamkulam, Kerala, India to study the effect of integrated nutrient management and high density multi-species cropping system in root (wilt) affected garden on root (wilt) index, yield of coconut palms and soil properties. The experimental results indicated that, there was improvement in soil properties like water holding capacity, organic carbon, major and micronutrient status of the soil due to adoption of integrated nutrient management practices and high density multi-species cropping system. There was improvement in the yield of the palms under different root (wilt) diseased palms coupled with reduction in root (wilt) indices due to reduction in root (wilt) symptoms especially yellowing.  The increase in nut yield (five years average) was to the tune of 54.5%, 52%, 48.3% and 40.9% under apparently healthy, disease early, disease middle and disease advanced palms in comparison with pre-experimental yield.