bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Calls to ARMs? International Evidence on Interest Rates and the Choice of Adjustable-Rate Mortgages
Authors: Badarinza Cristian , Campbell John Y. , Ramadorai Tarun
Published: February 2017

The relative popularity of adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) and fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs) varies considerably both across countries and over time. We ask how movements in current and expected future interest rates affect the share of ARMs in total mortgage issuance. Using a nine-country panel and instrumental variables methods, we present evidence that near-term (one-year) rational forecasts of future movements in ARM rates do affect mortgage choice, particularly in more recent data since 2001. However, longer-term (three-year) rational forecasts of ARM rates have a relatively weak effect, and the current spread between FRM and ARM rates also matters, suggesting that households are concerned with current interest costs as well as with lifetime cost minimization. These conclusions are robust to alternative (adaptive and survey-based) models of household expectations.

Data, the online appendix, and the institutional appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2629 .

This paper was accepted by Amit Seru, finance.
Computing Equilibria of Dynamic Games
Authors: Yeltekin Şevin , Cai Yongyang , Judd Kenneth L.
Published: February 2017

We develop a numerical method for computing all pure strategy subgame-perfect equilibrium values of dynamic strategic games with discrete states and actions. We define a monotone mapping that eliminates dominated strategies, and when applied iteratively, delivers an accurate approximation to the true equilibrium payoffs of the underlying game. Our algorithm has three parts. The first provides an outer approximation to equilibrium values, constructed so that any value outside of this approximation is not an equilibrium value. The second provides an inner approximation; any value contained within this approximation is an equilibrium value. Together, the two approximations deliver a practical check of approximation accuracy. The third part of our algorithm delivers sample equilibrium paths. To illustrate our method, we apply it to a dynamic oligopoly competition with endogenous production capacity.
Ti Mene Nosis/You Carry Me (2015)
Authors: Chandler Elliott
Published: February 2017

Ti Mene Nosis/You Carry Me (2015)
Astronomical Surveys and Big Data
Authors: Mickaelian Areg M.
Published: February 2017

Recent all-sky and large-area astronomical surveys and their catalogued data over the whole range of electromagnetic spectrum, from γ-rays to radio waves, are reviewed, including such as Fermi-GLAST and INTEGRAL in γ-ray, ROSAT, XMM and Chandra in X-ray, GALEX in UV, SDSS and several POSS I and POSS II-based catalogues (APM, MAPS, USNO, GSC) in the optical range, 2MASS in NIR, WISE and AKARI IRC in MIR, IRAS and AKARI FIS in FIR, NVSS and FIRST in radio range, and many others, as well as the most important surveys giving optical images (DSS I and II, SDSS, etc.), proper motions (Tycho, USNO, Gaia), variability (GCVS, NSVS, ASAS, Catalina, Pan-STARRS), and spectroscopic data (FBS, SBS, Case, HQS, HES, SDSS, CALIFA, GAMA). An overall understanding of the coverage along the whole wavelength range and comparisons between various surveys are given: galaxy redshift surveys, QSO/AGN, radio, Galactic structure, and Dark Energy surveys. Astronomy has entered the Big Data era, with Astrophysical Virtual Observatories and Computational Astrophysics playing an important role in using and analyzing big data for new discoveries.
Depressed Emission between Magnetic Arcades near a Sunspot
Authors: Ryabov B. I. , Shibasaki K.
Published: February 2017

The locations of the depressed emission in microwaves, EUV and soft X-rays are compared with each other and with the location of the plasma outflow in the active region (AR) 8535 on the Sun. We found that two open-field regions overlap the regions of depressed emission near the AR's sunspot. These two open-field regions are simulated with the potential-field source-surface (PFSS) model under radial distances of
Ideational Pathways: Toward a New Approach for Studying the Life of Ideas
Authors: Tanggaard Lene , Beghetto Ronald A.
Published: February 2017

What is the life of an idea? How do some ideas result in creative outcomes? People interested in creativity often want to know the answers to these questions. Although there are numerous methods and measures for assessing creative persons and products, there is little by way of methods for documenting and analysing the trajectories of ideas. The purpose of this paper is to address this need by introducing a new approach for tracing and analysing ideational pathways. Ideational pathways refer to the trajectory of ideas in temporal and spatial dimensions. That is, how ideas travel through time and space and whether those ideas end up resulting in creative outcomes. We open the paper by providing a theoretical and conceptual background for ideational pathways. We then introduce an emerging approach for tracing these pathways and apply it to two examples. We close by discussing implications and directions for future research.
Comparison of Competing Theories about Ideation and Creativity
Authors: O’Neal Ivonne Chand , Paek Sue Hyeon , Runco Mark A.
Published: February 2017

A measure of ideational behaviour, often used to estimate the potential for creative thinking, was administered to 796 children and their parents and teachers. Correlations among groups were explored. The data provided an opportunity to (a) compare four theories of creativity (a one-factor theory, 2 two-factor theories, and a three-factor theory) and (b) determine empirically how the measure of ideation should be scored (based on its empirical structure). Results of confirmatory factor analyses indicated that one of the twofactor theories (Process and Product) best fit the data and was useful for comparisons of the children and their parents and teachers. Practical implications of the differences between parents and teachers are explored. Any effort to fulfil creative potentials, for example, would probably be the most likely to succeed if children, parents, and teachers agreed, and just as probable are difficulties if the three groups disagreed or considered different things when judging creative potential. Limitations of the study are also discussed.
Ozonation in water treatment: the generation, basic properties of ozone and its practical application
Authors: Wei Chaohai , Zhang Fengzhen , Hu Yun , Feng Chunhua , Wu Haizhen
Published: February 2017

The widespread applications of ozone technologies are established on the basis of large-scale manufacture of ozone generator and chemical reactivity of ozone. It is hence necessary to summarize the principles of ozone generation and to analyze the physicochemical properties of ozone, which are of fundamental significance to indicate its technical developments and practical applications. This review presents a summary concerning ozone generation mechanisms, the physicochemical properties of ozone, as well as the applications of ozone in water treatment. Ozone can be produced by phosphorus contact, silent discharge, photochemical reactions, and electrochemical reactions, principally proceeding by the reaction of oxygen atom with oxygen molecule. There are side reactions to the generation of ozone, however, which are responsible for ozone depletion including thermal decomposition and quenching reactions by reactive species. The solubility of ozone in water is much higher than that of oxygen, suggesting that it may be reliably applied in water and wastewater treatment. Based on the resonance structures of ozone, one oxygen atom in ozone molecule is electron-deficient displaying electrophilic property, whereas one oxygen atom is electron-rich holding nucleophilic property. The superior chemical reactivity of ozone can also be indirectly revealed by radical-mediated reactions initiated from homogenous and heterogeneous catalytic decomposition of ozone. Owing to the reliable generation of ozone and its robust reactive properties, it is worthy to thoroughly elaborate the applications of ozone reaction in drinking water disinfection and pre- or post-treatment of industrial wastewater including cyanide wastewater, coking wastewater, dyeing wastewater, and municipal wastewater. The structural characteristics of ozone reactors and energy requirement of applied technologies are evaluated. In addition, future directions concerning the development of ozone generation, ozone reactivity, and industrial wastewater ozonation have been proposed.
Meeting Barthes at Fischer-Dieskau’s Mill
Authors: Ronyak Jennifer
Published: February 2017

Scholars have traditionally analyzed Lieder from a perspective of relative objectivity, despite a longstanding recognition of the situated character of hermeneutic work within musicology and music theory. This research essentially suppresses the personal aspects that may condition it: for example, a scholar’s background in performance and tendency toward co-performance, or repeated encounters with a song, recording, and a specific singer’s voice. There has been one additional omission resulting from this tendency to project objectivity in Anglo-American scholarship. Native Anglophones have neglected to explore how our varied but pervasive roles as second-language readers or speakers inflect the way that we hear and write about German song.

In response to these lacunae, this article offers a close reading of the song “Am Feierabend” from Franz Schubert’s Die schöne Müllerin (D. 795) in relationship to a 1971 recording by Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau and Gerald Moore. I examine the role that my linguistic identity—as an Anglophone who enjoys an unsteady fluency in German—plays in an essentially co-performing understanding of the song’s poem, musical details, and the particular vocal decisions of Fischer-Dieskau. Beginning in conversation with Roland Barthes’s “The Grain of the Voice,” the essay introduces perspectives from literary theorists, linguists, musicologists, and music theorists to clarify the issues of materiality, meaning, linguistic identity, and rhythm that correspond to the experience of sung German poetry that the analysis traces. The analysis then focuses on the prominence of the German word “merkte” in Müller’s poem, Schubert’s setting, and Fischer-Dieskau’s rendering of the song. This account reevaluates traditional analytical practices concerning song, as well as past scholarship on Barthes’s claims within the “Grain” essay, by focusing on the issues of identity, linguistic materiality, meaning, and the love of the foreign in listening to Lieder.
Análisis del estado físico y psicológico de la población escolar del cantón central de Heredia, Costa Rica
Authors: Herrera-González Emmanuel , Morera-Castro Maria , Vargas-Araya Gerardo , Fonseca-Schmidt Héctor , Vargas-Ramírez Maria Del Pilar
Published: February 2017

El propósito del estudio fue establecer un perfil físico y psicológico de la población escolar de II Ciclo. De un total de 1.080 participantes, 318 son de cuarto grado, 418 de quinto y 344 de sexto,con edades entre 9  y 15 años (edad promedio de 11.10 ±1.07).Para establecer el IMC se midió la talla y el peso. Para los niveles de actividad física se utilizaron dos instrumentos de auto-reporte:Cuestionario Pictórico de Actividad Física para la Población Infantil y el Cuestionario de Actividad Física para Niños y Niñas Mayores. La prueba “Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run” evalúa el nivel de condición física de población infantil y juvenil.Las variables psicológicas se estudiaron mediante Cuestionario BIA y Cuestionario LAWSEQ. Según clasificación del Centro de Control y Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC), el nivel de sobrepeso y obesidad es de un 28.8% y de bajo peso de 4 %. En la capacidad aérobica (VO2máx),un 77.7 % se encuentra en una zona saludable para su edad. Los niños se perciben físicamente más activos que las niñas. Con respecto a la autoestima, se encontró que un 35% muestra niveles bajos y solo un 10% presenta un nivel de autoestima alto.En imagen corporal la tendencia es ver la imagen ideal y futura más delgados/as.Estos resultados sirven como base científica para futuras investigaciones que tengan como objetivoel bienestar de la población escolar, tomando en cuenta el ligamen existente  entre el área física y aspectos psicológicos en la niñez.
Apie pirmuosius nacionalinių pajamų skaičiavimus tarpukario Lietuvoje ir Albino Rimkos juose padarytas klaidas, pagreitinusias demokratijos žlugimą
Authors: Norkus Zenonas
Published: February 2017

Šiuolaikinės nacionalinės sąskaitybos retrospektyvoje analizuojamas pionieriškas Albino Rimkos (1886–1944) 1926 m. paskelbtas Lietuvos nacionalinių pajamų 1924 m. skaičiavimas. Tikrasis tų metų Lietuvos grynųjų nacionalinių pajamų („bendrojo tautos pelno“) dydis gerokai pranoko ekonomis­to išvestą dydį dėl per didelių atskaitymų pagrindinio kapitalo amortizacijai ir dėl valdžios sektoriaus tei­kiamų nekomercinių paslaugų (viešųjų gėrybių) vertės ignoravimo. Pagal A. Rimkos skaičiavimus išeitų, kad 1924 m. sukurtos nacionalinės pajamos vidutiniškai vienam gyventojui buvo mažesnės už tų metų pragyvenimo minimumą. Nacionalinių pajamų skaičiavimas buvo dalis A. Rimkos parengiamųjų darbų eiti Lietuvos finansų ministro pareigas po laukiamos valstiečių liaudininkų pergalės III Seimo rinkimuose. Klaidos, padarytos vertinant Lietuvos ūkio produktyvumą, skatino naują vyriausybę pasirinkti griežtą taupymą ekonominės politikos prioritetu. Ši politika pažeidė įtakingų socialinių grupių (dvasininkijos ir karininkijos) interesus ir pagreitino demokratijos žlugimą Lietuvoje.
PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA IKAN BELIDA (Chitala lopis) DI SUNGAI KAMPAR, PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Wibowo Arif , Affandi Ridwan , Soewardi Kadarwan , Sudarto Sudarto
Published: February 2017

Ikan belida (Chitala lopis) adalah salah satu ikan asli Indonesia yang memiliki nilai ekonomis dan budaya. Aktivitas manusia yang tidak ramah lingkungan dan perubahan kondisi lingkungan perairan menyebabkan kelestarian jenis ikan ini menjadi terancam. Hal ini secara jelas terlihat dari produksi tahunan ikan belida yang terus menurun, baik di tingkat nasional maupun di Sungai Kampar, Provinsi Riau. Sungai Kampar menjadi fokus kajian, karena tiga alasan yaitu ekosistem yang kompleks dan lengkap, semua tipe habitat ikan belida ada di Sungai Kampar,ikan belida di Sungai kampar teridentifikasi memiliki beberapa variasi bentuk dan spesifik dan produksi tahunan ikan belida di Sungai Kampar tergolong tinggi dan terjadi penurunan drastis. Upaya konservasi dan pengelolaan sumber daya ikan belida di Sungai Kampar sangat diperlukan dan menjadi sesuatu yang mendesak demi kelestarian jenis ikan ini. Manfaat yang diperoleh tidak hanya mempertahankan kelestarian sumber daya namun juga memaksimalkan manfaat ekonomi dari sumber daya tersebut.Giant featherback is an indonesian native fish species that has economic and cultural value. Unfortunately, unfriendly human activities, and changing of water quality threaten this species. These impacts are cleary see on reduction of giant featherback annual production, both at national level and Kampar River, Riau Province. Kampar River become the main interest of management because of three reasons, which are Kampar River represent a complex and complete ecosystem, Kampar River’s giant featherback has extensive variation on morphology and spesific, and the annual production of Kampar River’s giant featherback is relatively high and drastically decline. Conservation and management efforts on Kampar River’s giant featherback resources are urgent and important for its resources sustainablity. The benefits are not only maintain Kampar River’s giant featherback resources but also optimalize its economic benefits.
The Molds in Injection Process for the Achievement of Business Objectives
Authors: Acosta-Prado Julio César , Prada Ospina Ricardo
Published: February 2017

The injection molding is a process that has been emerging in the industry, due to the technical and economic benefits obtained with reference to other processing of materials. Currently, parts with specific requirements found in this process the best solution, displacing traditional materials (bronze, aluminum, gray cast iron or steel, etc.) in industrial applications. The level of complexity, the quality of materials and the number of cavities affect the cost of the mold. In order to establish an appropriate relationship between production costs and the mold must be defined well, figure to be injected, the number of parts and the cost of the mold. This article aims to make an approximation of the theoretical and economic calculations applied to mold plastic injection process. Finally, it was found that the mold, not only has a strong impact to the profitability of the process, but its proper design depends on the competitive position of the plastics factories. La inyección de plásticos es un proceso que se ha venido abriendo paso en la industria, debido a los beneficios técnicos y económicos obtenidos en referencia a otros procesos de transformación de materiales. Actualmente, piezas con requerimientos específicos han encontrado en este proceso la mejor solución, desplazando a materiales tradicionales (bronce, aluminio, fundición de hierro gris o de acero, etc.) en aplicaciones industriales. El nivel de complejidad, la calidad de los materiales y el número de cavidades inciden en el costo del molde. Para poder establecer una relación adecuada entre costos de producción y el molde se deben definir bien, la figura a inyectar, el número de piezas y el costo del molde. Este artículo pretende realizar una aproximación de los cálculos teóricos y económicos aplicados al molde del proceso de inyección de plástico. Finalmente, se encontró que el molde, no solo presenta una fuerte incidencia con la rentabilidad del proceso, sino que de su adecuado diseño depende la posición competitiva de las fábricas de plásticos.Injeção de plástico é um processo que tem vindo a surgir na indústria, devido aos benefícios técnicos e econômicos em referência a outro processamento de materiais. Atualmente, as peças com requisitos específicos encontrados neste processo a melhor solução, deslocando materiais tradicionais (bronze, alumínio, ferro fundido cinzento ou aço, etc.) em aplicações industriais. O nível de complexidade, a qualidade dos materiais e o número de cavidades afetar o custo do molde. A fim de estabelecer uma relação adequada entre os custos de produção e o molde deve ser bem definida, a figura a ser injetado, o número de peças e o custo do molde. Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma aproximação dos cálculos teóricos e econômicas aplicadas para moldar processo de injeção de plástico. Finalmente, verificou-se que o molde, não só tem um forte impacto para a rentabilidade do processo, mas o seu design adequado depende da posição competitiva das fábricas de plástico.
Impact of Training Employees on Enterprise Productivity
Authors: Bohórquez Arévalo Luz Esperanza , Caro Ballestas Angie Stefani , Morales Néstor David
Published: February 2017

The research presents what is the impact of staff training in the productivity of labor hypermarket under study. For its development, was taken as an object of study the area of payment points hypermarket, based on the realization of a committee with workers to define the causes of imbalances; using sales and imbalances reports, corresponding to the years 2014, 2015 and 2016, data and costs of labor and tools that were acquired during this time in the organization were collected. The results of the measurement of partial productivity in the area of payment points showed that the implementation of a continuous training program positively impacts productivity. Additionally, you can see the results of the training of technological tools supported in reducing the imbalances, which are the main problem in the study area.Esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal evidenciar cuál es el impacto de la capacitación del personal en la productividad de la mano de obra del hipermercado en estudio. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación se tomó como objeto de estudio del área de puntos de pago del hipermercado, partiendo de la realización de un comité con los colaboradores del área a estudiar, con el fin de definir las causas de descuadres; utilizando informes de ventas y descuadres, se recopilaron los datos correspondientes a los años 2014, 2015 y 2016, así como costos de mano de obra y herramientas que fueron adquiridas durante este tiempo en la organización. Los resultados de la medición de la productividad parcial en el área de puntos de pago demostraron que la implementación de un programa de capacitación continua incide de manera positiva en la productividad. Adicionalmente se pueden observar los resultados obtenidos de las capacitaciones apoyadas de herramientas tecnológicas en la disminución de los descuadres, que son el principal problema del área estudiada.A pesquisa apresenta qual é o impacto da formação do pessoal da produtividade do hipermercado de trabalho em estudo. Para o seu desenvolvimento, foi tomado como um objeto de estudo na área de pontos de pagamento de hipermercado, com base na realização de um comitê com os trabalhadores para definir as causas dos desequilíbrios; usando relatórios de vendas e desequilíbrios, correspondentes aos anos de 2014, 2015 e 2016, os dados e os custos de trabalho e ferramentas que foram adquiridas durante este tempo na organização foram recolhidos. Os resultados da medição da produtividade parcial na área de pontos de pagamento mostraram que a implementação de um programa de formação contínua impacta positivamente a produtividade. Além disso, você pode ver os resultados da formação de ferramentas tecnológicas apoiadas na redução dos desequilíbrios, que são o principal problema na área de estudo.
Democracy and values today
Authors: Sanabria Landazábal Néstor Juan , Valdés García Fredy
Published: February 2017

Editorial written in relation to the problems of democracy and values today
Nietzsche als Beamter
Authors: von Rahden Wolfert
Published: February 2017

«Aus seinem Leben selbst ein Experiment machen – das erst ist Freiheit des Geistes.» Nietzsche unternahm diesen Selbstversuch, nachdem er zehn Jahre als verbeamteter Universitätsprofessor für klassische Philologie beim Kanton Basel-Stadt gedient hatte. Als ein philosophischer «Possenreißer der neuen Ewigkeiten» wagte er den Schritt zum «freien Geist» des unabhängigen Autors, wenn auch getrieben durch die rastlose Suche nach einem Ort, der seiner fragilen Gesundheit besser bekam als das Basler Klima, und ausgestattet mit einer Pension, welche die Universität dem Frühpensionisten gewährte. Zu Beginn seiner akademischen Tätigkeit hatte er in einem Brief an Gersdorff noch selbstironisch geschrieben: «Die regelmäßige Arbeit in einem Amte ist so gut weil sie eine gewisse Dumpfheit mit sich bringt, man leidet so weniger.» Und später notierte er sich: «Ein Amt ist gut: man legt es zwischen sich und die Menschen.»
Spineline detection with image evaluation
Authors: Balla Petra , Manhertz Gabor , Antal Akos
Published: February 2017

In case of screening and tracking conditions of patients [20] with spinal deformities it is very important to develop an examination method that does not load patinets’ body with harmful radiation. This method is based on the moiré effect. Pictures were taken from patients’ back and information could be obtained about the back’s condition. A computer algorithm is under development that can produce the sagittal line of the spine from moiré images. This program is being tested with Scheuermann disease patients.
Functional and radiological outcome following operative skeletal stabilisation with bone grafting in distal femur non-unions: a study of 21 patients
Authors: Balasubramanian Navin , P. Sindhuja
Published: February 2017

Background: The study was done to assess the functional and radiological outcome after operative skeletal stabilisation with bone grafting in 21 patients who presented to us with distal femur non-unions.

Methods: Between August 2008 and October 2015, 21 patients (M:F- 14:7)  with established non-unions of the distal femur were included. All patients presented to us with established non-union following treatment with a native bone setter using splints.  There were 16 patients with AO Type A, 4 with AO Type B and one patient with Type C. All patients underwent open reduction, internal fixation with plate and screws and bone grafting. Serial follow-ups were done at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 weeks and 6 monthly thereafter.

Results: All 21 patients had complete fracture healing at average of 19 weeks (Range 16-24). Knee flexion (ROM) improved from an average 16® pre-op to 66® post-operatively. There were no implant failure, infection or non-unions in our study. The Knee Society score improved from 54 pre-operatively to 74 post-operatively at last follow-up.

Conclusions: Even in established non-unions, good results can be expected if good surgical technique is followed and with bone grafting satisfactory union rated can be achieved. Knee ROM also improves with dedicated postoperative rehabilitation.
Correlações fenotípicas e análise de trilha em caracteres morfoagronômicos de mamoeiro
Authors: Da Silva Clemilton Alves , Schmildt Edilson Romais , Schmildt Omar , Alexandre Rodrigo Sobreira , Cattaneo Laercio Francisco , Ferreira Jeferson Pereira , Nascimento Adriel Lima
Published: February 2017

A estimativa da correlação entre caracteres é de extrema importância para o melhoramento, pois mede o grau de associação entre características e possibilita avaliar o quanto a alteração em um caráter pode afetar os demais. Entretanto, a quantificação e interpretação da magnitude desta não permite o desdobramento das correlações simples nos seus efeitos diretos e indiretos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho obter estimativas de correlações fenotípicas, genotípicas e análise de trilha entre características morfoagronômicas de mamoeiro. Foram avaliadas quinze variáveis morfoagronômicas em 59 acessos do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Caliman Agrícola S.A., dispostos em delineamento em blocos casualizados com duas repetições. Inicialmente, realizou-se a análise de trilha considerando um único diagrama causal, a variável principal em função de dois componentes primários. Posteriormente, realizou-se a análise de trilha considerando dois diagramas causais, variável principal em função dos componentes primários e esses em função de componentes secundários. Os componentes primários da produção por planta foram número e massa de frutos. As correlações fenotípicas foram superiores às genotípicas, demonstrando facilidade na seleção baseada no fenótipo. Não houve correlação significativa entre os caracteres avaliados e a variável produção por planta. Os componentes primários número e massa de fruto explicam quase que totalmente as variações ocorridas na produção por planta. Espessura menor de polpa de fruto foi o componente secundário que apresentou maiores efeitos diretos e indiretos sobre a variável primária massa de fruto.
Opiliões (Arachnida: Opiliones) em remanescente florestal no município de Plácido de Castro, AC
Authors: Santos Rodrigo Souza
Published: February 2017

Os opiliões (Arachnida: Opiliones) são aracnídeos com ampla distribuição geográfica, sendo a maior parte das espécies registradas na região Neotropical. Esses organismos possuem baixa capacidade de dispersão, alto grau de endemismo e sensibilidade às mudanças ambientais, também participam da ciclagem da matéria orgânica do solo, visto que muitas espécies possuem o hábito alimentar detritívoro. Dada a importância desses organismos, objetivou-se com esse trabalho prospectar a fauna de opiliões em remanescente florestal localizado no município de Plácido de Castro, AC. Foram utilizados dois métodos de captura: armadilhas pitfall (captura passiva), dispostas em dois transectos, e procura livre noturna (coleta ativa). As armadilhas pitfall consistiram em copos plásticos de 500 mL, contendo uma solução de formaldeído a 1% e gotas de detergente neutro, sendo recolhidas semanalmente. As coletas ativas mensais foram realizadas por quatro pessoas, em um esforço de coleta de 1 h. As espécies de opiliões capturadas foram: Paecilaema marajoara, Paraprotus quadripunctatus, Taito kakera e Cynorta sp. (Cosmetidae); Geaya sp. (Sclerosomatidae) e quatro adultos e um imaturo, pertencentes à família Manaosbiidae. Todos os opiliões registrados nesse levantamento foram capturados pelo método de “procura livre noturna”, sendo os gêneros Geaya e Cynorta, bem como a espécie P. quadripunctatus, registrados pela primeira vez no estado do Acre.
Efeito de diferentes concentrações do extrato aquoso de folhas de nim na mortalidade da mosca minadora Liriomyza sativae Blanchard (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
Authors: Silva Flávia Gomes , Costa Ewerton Marinho , Ferreira Roberta Rocha , Da Silva Francisco Edivino Lopes , Araujo Elton Lucio
Published: February 2017

O controle da mosca minadora Liriomyza sativae é imprescindível nas áreas de produção de melão (Cucumis melo) dos estados do Rio Grande do Norte e Ceará. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito letal de diferentes concentrações de extrato aquoso de folhas de nim, aplicadas via pulverização sobre as folhas e via irrigação no solo, sobre larvas da mosca minadora L. sativae em meloeiro. Foram realizados dois bioensaios, sendo o primeiro mediante a aplicação via pulverização direta sobre as larvas nas folhas, e o segundo via aplicação no solo. Os bioensaios foram conduzidos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, composto por seis tratamentos (cinco concentrações do extrato aquoso de folhas de nim: 0,0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5; 10,0 e 12,5 g 100 mL-1 de água destilada e o tratamento controle: somente água destilada). Foram realizadas duas avaliações: na primeira, contabilizou-se o número de larvas mortas por planta, enquanto na segunda, registrou-se a mortalidade pupal. Foi verificado aumento da mortalidade larval e pupal da mosca minadora com o incremento na concentração do extrato aquoso de folhas de nim, independente da forma de aplicação. O extrato aquoso de folhas de nim é letal para larvas e pupas da mosca minadora L. sativae, independentemente da forma de aplicação. A maior concentração do extrato aquoso de nim estudada (12,5 g 100 mL-1), apesar de não ocasionar o máximo de controle, proporcionou os maiores percentuais de mortalidade de L. sativae.
Sucessão de culturas e doses de nitrogênio no rendimento da melancia em condições edafoclimáticas de Savana
Authors: Monteiro Neto João Luiz Lopes , Lima Nayrah De Deus , Carmo Ignácio Lund Gabriel Da Silva , Da Silva Edgley Soares , Silva Alexandre Prado , De Medeiros Roberto Dantas
Published: February 2017

A produção frutícola, em especial a da melancia, com uso de práticas que maximizam a produtividade, é um dos principais ramos agrícolas com expressivo potencial em áreas ainda não agricultadas. Assim, objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar o efeito de sistemas alternativos de sucessão de culturas e doses de nitrogênio (N) no rendimento de frutos de melancia em condições edafoclimáticas da savana de Roraima. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições e sete plantas por unidade experimental. Testaram-se, nas parcelas, as culturas antecessoras à melancia: mucuna preta, feijão-caupi e vegetação espontânea; e nas subparcelas as doses de N, sendo: 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250 kg ha-1. Para a cultura da melancia (cultivar Crimson Sweet), foram avaliados: o número de frutos por hectare, número de frutos menores que 6 kg, número de frutos entre 6 e 9 kg, número de frutos maiores que 9 kg, massa média de frutos e produtividade. Os sistemas formados pelas culturas antecessoras afetam o rendimento da cultura da melancia. A massa média dos frutos é favorecida pelas doses de N aplicadas apenas em sucessão ao feijão-caupi. A dose de 155,31 kg ha-1 de N proporciona o rendimento máximo de frutos de melancia nas condições edafoclimáticas da savana de Roraima.
Incidencia de la propiedad intelectual en el desarrollo nacional y empresarial en el contexto de globalización actual
Authors: Ballesteros García Stalin , Bulla de la Hoz Jorge
Published: February 2017

El objetivo del documento es evidenciar la incidencia de la propiedad intelectual en el desarrollo nacional y empresarial en el contexto de globalización vigente desde inicios del siglo XXI. En primer lugar, hace un recuento histórico de la propiedad intelectual y el rol que ha desempeñado en la sociedad internacional; seguidamente esboza argumentos que infieren el grado de incidencia de la propiedad intelectual en el desarrollo económico de los países; posteriormente aborda la incidencia que tiene la propiedad intelectual sobre el crecimiento empresarial; concluye con una reflexión sobre la situación de Colombia, en el contexto público y privado, en materia de propiedad intelectual.
Daddy’s Car: la inteligencia artificial como herramienta facilitadora de derechos de autor
Authors: Díaz Limón Jaime Alberto
Published: February 2017

El 19 de septiembre de 2016 Sony CSL, compañía desarrolladora de software, anunció la creación de la primera obra musical cuya titularidad adjudica a inteligencia artificial. El artículo analiza las consecuencias jurídicas de tal afirmación, así como los límites conceptuales y legales dentro del universo de derechos de autor, lo anterior con la finalidad de dilucidar si estamos en presencia de una nueva figura jurídico-autoral que invite a reflexionar sobre los sujetos de protección de nuestras leyes, o bien si aún estamos a una distancia razonable en que la normatividad aplicable resuelva la titularidad de derechos a favor de la inteligencia artificial en vez de hacerlo a favor de las personas jurídicas
Geometrical Seismic Attribute for Fault Identifiction on Canada Exploration Field
Authors: Agustiani Reni , Hiskiawan Puguh , Rano Rano
Published: February 2017

It has been performed data interpretation of 3D seismic data and drilling field exploration wellsBasin Nova ScotiaKanada to know structure fault on the field Missisauga Formation. Seismic dataused is 601 inline, crossline 482, and the data used drilling wells are two wells which there is a loggamma ray, sonic logs and log RHOB. Interpretation is done the analysis of the map in thestructure of time and analysis of seismic attribute maps based on the geometrical attribute serves todetermine their structure or structural faults of the data volume 3D. Based on the time structuremap well known that first well is in the region heights and second wells is in low region. Based oninterpretation of the map attributes known three faults are two major fault and one minor fault.Two faults are in the East Sea drilling wells and a small fracture that was on its western side. Thethree fults are directed from Northwest to the Southeast. Fault is expected to serve as ahydrocarbon trap in the area that will be accumulated in drilling wells.Keywords: geometrical attribute, Seismic data, drilling wells, time structure map.
Coautoria e participação feminina em periódicos brasileiros da área de cirurgia: estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Camargo Juliana Ravaschio Franco de , Hayashi Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
Published: February 2017

Este artigo expõe os resultados de uma pesquisa que foi norteada pela seguinte questão: qual a representação das mulheres na autoria e corpo editorial de periódicos científicos brasileiros da área cirúrgica nos últimos cinco anos? Os objetivos da pesquisa foram os de identificar e analisar a produção científica brasileira em cirurgia através de artigos científicos publicados no período de 2010 a 2014 em quatro periódicos: Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira (ACB), Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (ABCD), Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular (RBCCV) e Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (RCBC). A análise bibliométrica foi a abordagem metodológica adotada e os resultados obtidos apontaram que 920 artigos foram escritos por 5.649 autores. Os homens aparecem como autores em 63,5% (n= 585) dos artigos, enquanto que as mulheres comparecem como autoras em 23,8% (n=219) do total de artigos. Ao investigar o gênero da autoria nos artigos originais e de revisão, os resultados mostraram que a participação feminina é inferior à masculina em ambos os tipos, e em todos os quatro periódicos. Em relação à participação das mulheres nos corpos editoriais dos periódicos, os resultados revelaram que apenas no periódico ABCD a presença feminina é única e exclusiva, enquanto que no periódico RCBC essa situação se inverte; isto é, não há mulheres no corpo editorial. O estudo realizado demonstrou que persistem as assimetrias de gênero em termos das autorias, coautorias, tipos de artigos (originais e de revisão), e também no corpo editorial, comitê científico e corpo de revisores.
Editorial: Uso, estudo e a cultura dos métodos bibliométricos
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino , Ferreira Danielle Thiago
Published: February 2017

Os métodos bibliométricos, ou precisamente denominado bibliometria, é um “campo das áreas da Biblioteconomia e da Ciência da Informação que aplica métodos estatísticos e matemáticos para analisar e construir indicadores sobre a dinâmica e evolução da informação científica e tecnológica de determinadas disciplinas”[1]. Como bem visto, muitas áreas utilizam esses métodos bibliométricos para comprovarem a eficácia das suas pesquisas estatisticamente, e isso tem se tornado cada vez mais frequente.[1] Bibliometria. In: WIKIPEDIA, 2016. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 31 jan. 2017.
Capacity Building through Nature Tourism at Southeast Rajasthan
Authors: Srivastava Surabhi
Published: February 2017

Rajasthan is known for its forts, palaces, desert, culture and also its flora and fauna. The tourism department focuses its policies and marketing strategies around these attractions. Tourists from all over the world visit the sanctuary and surroundings to experience and explore the natural beauty of the place.

The present paper presents the natural wealth of south east region of the state which is completely unexplored by the tourists and the tourism department. The region is travelled only by the explorers and adventurers. The researcher visited all these sites and explored the natural beauty for tourism development at this region. Under this paper the researcher developed a model for capacity building through tourism development of natural sites of a region.
Intermediate Wheatgrass Grain and Forage Yield Responses to Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Jungers Jacob M. , DeHaan Lee R. , Betts Kevin J. , Sheaffer Craig C. , Wyse Donald L.
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas

Intermediate wheatgrass is being bred as a perennial grain crop.

Optimum N fertilizer rates for intermediate wheatgrass grain yields are reported.

Intermediate wheatgrass biomass yield and quality is comparable to other biomass crops.

Intermediate wheatgrass grain yields declined after two years of production.

Lodging occurred at high N rates, which reduced grain yields.

Perennial crops have fewer environmental impacts compared to annual crops, but there are no perennial grains available to replace the annual grains that occupy a majority of U.S. cropland. Here we report grain and biomass yields from an improved breeding population of intermediate wheatgrass (IWG) [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Buckworth & Dewey], a perennial grass being domesticated to serve as the first widely grown perennial grain crop. Our objective was to measure grain and biomass yields of this improved grain‐type IWG (TLI‐C2), a forage variety of IWG (cultivar Rush), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) in response to N fertilization rates ranging from 0 to 200 kg N ha−1. TLI‐C2 grain yields responded quadratically to increasing N rates in all but one environment, but yields declined at high N rates due to lodging. TLI‐C2 grain yields were highest during the first year of fertilization, yielding 961 and 893 kg ha−1 when fertilized at agronomically optimum nitrogen rates (AONRs) of 61 and 96 kg N ha−1 for stands seeded in fall of 2011 and spring of 2012, respectively. Grain yields declined with stand age. When fertilized with AONRs for grain, biomass yields of TLI‐C2 harvested after grain ranged from 9.2 to 12.3 Mg ha−1 and had similar forage and bioenergy quality characteristics compared to Rush, which demonstrates the potential to manage TLI‐C2 as a dual‐use cropping system for both grain and forage.
Economics of Conventional and Conservation Practices for Irrigated Dry Bean Rotations in Southern Alberta
Authors: Khakbazan Mohammad , Larney Francis J. , Huang Jianzhong , Mohr Ramona M. , Pearson Drusilla C. , Blackshaw Robert E.
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas

Average differences among bean yields in conventional and conservation rotations were marginal.

Net income in conventional management was $122 ha−1 higher than net income in conservation practices.

Risk efficiency analysis shows 4‐yr conventional preferred to all other rotations.

Undercutting narrow‐row bean in conservation increased yield and net income than bean in conventional.

Higher net income of undercutting narrow‐row bean may result in a greater adoption of conservation.

Given the tripling of irrigated dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production in Alberta and interest in conservation (CONS) practices to improve production sustainability, a 12‐yr study was conducted to evaluate the economic effects of CONS rotations. Dry bean was grown in 3‐ to 6‐yr CONS and conventional (CONV) rotations, which included potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). Conservation methods included solid‐seeded narrow‐row bean, cover crops, reduced tillage, and compost application. The 12‐yr results showed that average differences among dry bean yields in CONV and CONS rotations were marginal; however, the net income (NI) of bean in CONV rotations was higher than bean crops in CONS rotations, mainly due to greater seed expenditures for bean in CONS practices. The 12‐yr findings showed NI of CONV practices was CAN$122 ha−1 higher than CONS. Risk efficiency analysis showed CONV was preferred over CONS. The 4‐yr CONV (potato–wheat–sugar beet–bean) was the preferred rotation. In the last 2 yr of study, bean yield and NI in CONS rotations were significantly higher than bean in CONV due to the undercutting of bean in CONS rotations; therefore, it is possible that the long‐term use of undercutting practices may result in a greater adoption preference for CONS management over that of CONV systems.
Temporal Changes in Cadmium Speciation in Brazilian Soils Evaluated Using Cd LIII–Edge XANES and Chemical Fractionation
Authors: Colzato Marina , Kamogawa Marcos Y. , Carvalho Hudson W.P. , Alleoni Luís R.F. , Hesterberg Dean
Published: February 2017

Chemical speciation of soil cadmium (Cd) dictates its mobility and potential toxicity in the environment. Our objective was to compare temporal changes in speciation of Cd(II) reacted with samples from six Brazilian soils having varying Cd(II) sorption capacities. Cadmium LIII–edge X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis showed there were short‐term changes in speciation after reaction with 4.45 mmol Cd kg−1 for 0.5 and 6 h. Chemical fractionation evaluated changes in Cd extractability after reaction with 89 μmol Cd kg−1 for up to 4 mo. The XANES spectral fits suggested that Cd(II) bound with organic matter was a dominant species in all samples, along with Cd(II) bound with iron and aluminum oxides or montmorillonite. In several samples, CdCl2 apparently precipitated from aqueous Cd(II) during drying. The XANES spectral fits typically showed <25% change in speciation between 0.5 and 6 h of reaction, and chemical fractionation showed significant (p < 0.05) temporal changes in Cd extractability over time in two samples. Our results suggest that Cd(II) discharged into these soils, such as that occurring as a release into the environment, would bind with soil organic matter and oxide minerals or remain dissolved, with little change in speciation in the months following release.

Core Ideas

Cadmium speciation showed weak and variable evidence for temporal changes.

No evidence for progressive natural attenuation of soil cadmium was found.

Cadmium(II) bonded preferentially with soil organic matter and oxide minerals.
Enhanced Soil Moisture Assessment using Narrowband Reflectance Vegetation Indices in Creeping Bentgrass
Authors: McCall D. S. , Zhang X. , Sullivan D. G. , Askew S. D. , Ervin E. H.
Published: February 2017

Turfgrasses are measured aesthetically and by their ability to withstand stressors. Historically, researchers quantified acceptability by visual quality, but inconsistencies necessitate the use of vegetation indices (VIs) as an objective measurement. Indiscernible relationships have been established between turfgrass canopy normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and important variables such as soil moisture and leaf chlorophyll content. Alternative and variable–specific indices have been established in cropping systems. The water band index (WBI) is used for predicting water availability in cropping systems but has not been explored within turfgrass systems. The objective of this study was to compare the relationships of established VIs with chlorophyll content of ‘L‐93’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) and water content of a sand‐based root zone maintained under greenhouse conditions. All VIs were moderately to strongly correlated to total chlorophyll content (r = 0.49–0.85). Turf color was more closely related to chlorophyll indices than to wet‐lab quantification. Only WBI (r ≥ 0.80) and the green/red ratio index (GRI; r ≥ 0.50) were consistently related to soil water content. The NDVI was weakly related to soil water content in one trial (r = 0.49). Nonlinear regression showed that WBI can be useful for estimating a decline in soil water content as water first becomes limiting for creeping bentgrass and may offer a viable means to assess water availability independently of non‐moisture‐related stresses and more accurately compared with previous indices. Future research will evaluate WBI on broader geospatial scales to assess practical application for turfgrass irrigation management.
Year‐Round Nitrous Oxide Emissions as Affected by Timing and Method of Dairy Manure Application to Corn
Authors: Cambareri Gustavo , Drury Craig , Lauzon John , Salas William , Wagner-Riddle Claudia
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas

The year × timing interaction affects cumulative N2O emissions.

Injection of manure produces the highest cumulative N2O emissions.

Injection of manure produces the highest corn yields.

Manure application to agricultural soils enhances N2O emissions, but these emissions could be reduced by using improved application methods at the right time. We conducted a 3‐yr study on corn (Zea mays L.) grown in Elora, ON, Canada, to test the effects of timing and method of liquid dairy manure application on year‐round N2O emissions. A randomized complete block design was set up every year evaluating two application times (fall vs. spring) and three methods of manure application (surface broadcasting, incorporation, and injection). Lower cumulative N2O emissions for fall than spring application (mean ± standard error = 1.2 ± 0.3 vs. 2.9 ± 0.3 kg N2O‐N ha−1) were found during the driest year (2012), whereas no differences in emissions occurred between application timing in near‐normal precipitation years (2013 and 2014). Nitrous oxide emissions were not affected by the timing × method of application interaction. Injected manure resulted in cumulative N2O emissions not different than surface broadcast manure (3.6 ± 0.5 vs. 3.0 ± 0.5 kg N2O‐N ha−1) but significantly higher than incorporated manure (2.2 ± 0.3 kg N2O‐N ha−1). Injection resulted in greater corn yields than the other two methods. Our results suggest that (i) method of application affects N2O emissions independently of timing; (ii) including N2O emissions for the non‐growing season avoided biased estimates for the fall application timing since 20 to 60% of total emissions occurred during this period; and (iii) incorporating manure is the best practice to mitigate N2O emissions, although if N rates are optimized, injection could potentially produce yields with low N2O intensity.