bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMAGENS DO JAPÃO DO ORIENTALISMO AO COSMOPOLITISMO: UMA REVISÃO CRÍTICA DO NIHONJINRON
Authors: Morais Liliana
Published: July 2020

Partindo de uma genealogia do conhecimento ocidental sobre o Japão desde o período moderno até os dias de hoje, este artigo centra-se na análise do chamado “discurso da singularidade japonesa” (Nihonjinron), enfatizando o seu papel na construção de imagens do Japão no Ocidente e seu impacto na sociedade japonesa, com base na revisão crítica de uma bibliografia centrada na área de Estudos Japoneses e das Ciências Sociais. Neste processo, rastrearemos o desenvolvimento do Nihonjinron a partir do Orientalismo europeu, enraizado no processo de colonização e imperialismo, passando pelo nacionalismo cultural japonês do período pós-guerra, e sua crítica no contexto do desenvolvimento dos estudos pós-coloniais desde meados dos anos 1980. Finalmente, apontaremos para novas direções que se centram em uma abordagem multicultural e cosmopolita no estudo do Japão.
Camellia ngheanensis (Sect. Chrysantha: Theaceae), a new species from Central Vietnam

Authors: DO NGOC-DAI , LUONG VAN-DUNG , LE THI-HUONG , NGUYEN DANH-HUNG , NGUYEN THANH-NHAN , LY NGOC-SAM
Published: July 2020

Camellia ngheanensis, a new species of Theaceae, is described and illustrated from Nghe An Province, Central Vietnam. It is most similar to C. ninhii in pubescent hairs on twigs and abaxial leaf blades, colour of flowers, pubescent ovary, glabrous filament, free styles from the base but differing by the glabrous petioles, pubescent bracteoles, 5-pubesncent sepals, 12 or 13 pubescent petals, and pubescent styles. The comparison between the new species and C. euphlebia,  C. petelotii, and C. velutina is presented. Data on ecology, phenology, vernacular name and uses, expected conservation status are given along with an illustration and a coloured plate.
A new species of Philodendron (Araceae) from an enclave of Atlantic rainforest in Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Authors: CALAZANS LUANA S.B.
Published: July 2020

During a field expedition in the Reserva Biológica da Mata Escura, an enclave of Atlantic Rainforest in Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil, a remarkable new species of Philodendron was found. Here the new species is described, illustrated and compared to morphologically close species.
Andinella, a new name for Andina hom. illeg. (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta) non Andinia (Luer) Luer (Orchidaceae)

Authors: JIMÉNEZ JUAN A. , CANO MARÍA J.
Published: July 2020

A new generic name, Andinella, is published to replace Andina J.A. Jiménez & M.J. Cano, which turned out to be an illegitimate later homonym of the Orchidaceae genus Andinia (Luer) Luer.
On Aphies Duponchel & Chevrolat, 1841, Amillarus Thomson, 1857, and Aprosopus sensu Guérin-Méneville (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: MONNÉ MIGUEL A. , SANTOS-SILVA ANTONIO
Published: July 2020

The formal revalidation of Aphies Duponchel & Chevrolat, 1841, and A. erythrodera (type species of the genus) is provided. Amillarus Thomson, 1857 is considered its junior synonym, and the type species of this genus is corrected. Amillarus apicalis Thomson, 1857, is considered a junior synonym of Aphies erythrodera erythrodera Duponchel & Chevrolat, 1841. The date of the genus Aprosopus and its type-species, A. buquetii, as well as the authorship is changed. The date of the publication of the “Iconographie du Régne Animal de G. Cuvier” by Guérin-Méneville is questioned.
The Megaloptera (Insecta) of Tocantins State, Brazil
Authors: DE ANDRADE IURY CESAR PIRES , FERNANDES ANDRÉ SILVA , KROLOW TIAGO KÜTTER
Published: July 2020

Megaloptera is a small order of conspicuous holometabolous insects with 397 species and 35 genera distributed worldwide. The order comprises two extant families, the Sialidae (8 genera and 83 species) and the Corydalidae (27 genera and 314 species), both with aquatic larvae, wherea eggs, pupae, and adults are terrestrial (Rivera-Gasperín et al. 2019). Three Corydalidae genera are known from Brazil: Corydalus Latreille, 1802 (11 species), Chloronia Banks, 1908 (4 species) and the monospecific Puri Cardoso-Costa, 2013 (Cardoso-Costa et al. 2013; Rafael & Câmara 2020). Whereas, for the Sialidae, only the genus Ilyobius Enderlein, 1910 (3 species) has been found to occur in Brazil (Liu et al. 2015; Rafael & Câmara 2020, as ProtosialisVan der Wheele, 1909).
Description of life cycle and preimaginal stages of Alecton discoidalis Laporte, 1833 (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) under laboratory conditions
Authors: MADRUGA ORMAILY , BRANHAM MARC A.
Published: July 2020

Alecton discoidalis Laporte, 1833 is the most widespread species of the only firefly genus endemic to Cuba. It is commonly found in limestone landscapes across the western half of the country. Larvae of A. discoidalis were collected at Pan de Matanzas and reared through the adult stage under laboratory conditions. Larvae were fed mainly terrestrial snails from the families Potamiidae and Helicinidae. Alecton discoidalis underwent between four and eight larval instars. Females had more larval instars than males likely due to the need to gain more body mass for egg production. Eggs, larvae and pupae are described and illustrated, with emphasis on general body shape, as well as details of the larval head, antennae and mouthparts. Alecton discoidalis females are both brachypterous and physogastric.
The larva of Plectrocnemia scruposa McLachlan 1880 (Trichoptera, Polycentropodidae
Authors: WARINGER JOHANN , GRAF WOLFRAM
Published: July 2020

This paper describes the previously unknown larva of Plectrocnemia scruposa McLachlan 1880. Information on the morphology of the 5th larval instar is given, and the most important diagnostic features are illustrated. In the context of existing identification keys, P. scruposa keys together with P. brevis McLachlan 1871, P. conspersa (Curtis 1834), and P. laetabilis McLachlan 1880. These species can be separated by the length of the outermost seta of the posterolateral trio on the last abdominal tergum and by presence/absence of a central pigmented mark on the posterior margin of the labrum. According to mandible morphology, the larva of this species appears to be mainly a predator and passive filter feeder of particulate organic matter.
Studies on the genus Mesandrothrips from China, with a new species (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae: Haplothripini)
Authors: DANG LI-HONG , ZHAO LIN-PENG , XIE DAN-LE , ZHAO LE , QIAO GE-XIA
Published: July 2020

In the recently re-instated genus Mesandrothrips Priesner, four species are recognized from China, and an illustrated key is provided here. This includes one new species, M. acutisetis sp.n., together with the first record of M. subterraneus from China.
Biliary Drainage Before and After Liver Resection for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Enomoto Laura M. , Dixon Matthew E. B. , Burdette Allene , Gusani Niraj J.
Published: July 2020

Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) is a rare tumor that requires surgical resection for a potential cure. The role of preoperative biliary drainage has long been debated, given its treatment of biliary sepsis and decompression of the future liver remnant (FLR), but high procedure-specific morbidity. The indications, methods, and outcomes for preoperative biliary drainage are discussed to serve as a guide for perioperative management of patients with resectable PHC. Multiple studies from the literature related to perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, biliary drainage, and management of the FLR were reviewed. Commonly employed preoperative biliary drainage includes endoscopic biliary stenting and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. Drainage of the FLR remains controversial, with most experts recommending drainage of the only in patients with an FLR <50%. Biliary drainage for resectable PHC requires a patient-specific approach with careful determination of the FLR and balancing of potential morbidity with the benefits of drainage.
Surgical, Economic, and Psychological Impacts of SARS-COV-2 on a Kansas Community Hospital System
Authors: Hamilton James J.
Published: July 2020

The chief of surgery of a 264-bed acute care facility and clinic system in Topeka, KS, USA, gives a chronology that illustrates the rapid and profound clinical, economic, and emotional impact of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on his hospital and community. In his view, the pandemic has laid bare the weaknesses of several factors basic to the modern US health care system and the resulting economic crisis: just-in-time supply chain technology; foreign sourcing of masks, gowns, and critical equipment, all at critical shortages during the crisis; rural hospital closings; lack of excess capacity through maximization of utilization for efficiency; and an overreliance on high revenue elective procedures and tests. His team was tested by an emergency operation for bowel obstruction that put all the isolation protocols into action. Despite their readiness and the success of the operation and the potential for telemedicine as an alternative to in-person evaluations and outpatient visits, the forced cancellation of all elective operations have led to the loss of revenue for both hospital system and providers, furlough and termination of workers, and financial hardship and uncertainty.
Mount Sinai NY Surgeon on the Front Lines of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brooklyn, NY, USA
Authors: Vine Anthony J.
Published: July 2020

A surgeon was among the teams caring for critically-ill patients with COVID-19 infection during the height of the pandemic in March and April 2020 in Brooklyn. He recorded his experiences and thoughts as events unfolded, a chronicle of the landmark public health event of the century. Working to exhaustion alongside his colleagues from Mount Sinai Hospital, he encountered tragedy and inspiration.
An International Group of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgeons Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Siriwardhane Mehan , Bhandari Ramesh S. , Dissanayake Buddhika , Galketiya Kuda , Lakhey Paleswan J. , Mar Tin Tin , Pathirana Aloka , Siriwardena Ajith K. , Rohan Jeyarajah D.
Published: July 2020

An informal workgroup of 9 hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) surgeons from 6 different countries on 4 continents shifted the focus of their quarterly tumor board discussions to their responses to the current COVID-19 pandemic. Just as they had discussing HPB cases, they share their experiences and ideas in dealing with the outbreak that faced their hospitals and communities. Their efforts to improve care proved that professionalism in surgery, like the global pandemic, has no boundaries.
Hope labour and the psychic life of cultural work
Authors: Mackenzie Ewan , McKinlay Alan
Published: July 2020

How do we understand the psychic life of cultural workers under neoliberalism? ‘Hope labour’ is a defining quality of a cultural worker’s experience, practice and identity. Hope labour is unpaid or under-compensated labour undertaken in the present, usually for exposure or experience, with the hope that future work may follow. Hope labour is naturalised by neoliberal discourses but not fully determined by them. Drawing upon empirical research investigating the ‘creative industries’ in the North East of England, we ask how hope labour is made meaningful and worthwhile for cultural workers positioned as entrepreneurial subjects, despite its legitimisation of power asymmetries. We develop Foucauldian studies of governmentality by addressing how cultural work is lived through neoliberal categories, demonstrating the conflicting discourses and relations to self involved in the constitution of entrepreneurial subjectivity. We make a novel contribution to an understanding of hope and precarity by illustrating how cultural workers begin to occupy the site of the entrepreneurial subject amidst conflicting configurations of hope, desire, anxiety and uncertainty.
The Violent Behavior Vignette Questionnaire (VBVQ): A Measure of Violent Behavior for Research in Forensic and Non-Forensic Settings and Populations
Authors: Nunes Kevin L. , Hermann Chantal A. , Maimone Sacha , Atlas Maya , Grant Brian A.
Published: July 2020

The measurement of violent behavior presents serious challenges for research on violence. In the current article, we present initial tests of the construct validity of scores on the Violent Behavior Vignette Questionnaire (VBVQ), which consists of a series of interpersonal conflict vignettes with response options in a multiple-choice format designed to measure current violent behavior. Violent responses on the initial version of the VBVQ generally corresponded to independent indicators of physical aggressiveness and violent behavior among male university students, men in the community, and incarcerated male offenders. We then refined the VBVQ and again tested the validity of its scores in new samples of men in the community and incarcerated male offenders. In both samples, men who selected a violent response option on the VBVQ generally had much higher levels of physical aggressiveness and violent behavior than did men who selected non-violent response options. However, VBVQ responses were not associated with the number of violent offenses in offenders’ official criminal records. Our findings provide some support for the use of the VBVQ in lab and correctional/forensic research, but further research is required to determine whether it offers advantages over other measures.
Adolescents’ Patterns of Citizenship Orientations and Correlated Contextual Variables: Results From a Two-Wave Study in Five European Countries
Authors: Tzankova Iana , Prati Gabriele , Eckstein Katharina , Noack Peter , Amnå Erik , Motti-Stefanidi Frosso , Macek Petr , Cicognani Elvira
Published: July 2020

Studies on youth participation tend to characterize youth as either active and trustful or as passive and alienated. This cross-national and longitudinal study examines patterns of citizenship orientations characterized by both manifest and latent involvement differentiated by one’s position toward institutional politics (trustful or distrustful) among 1,914 adolescents from five European countries (53.5% female; Mage = 16.27). Demographic and proximal contextual correlates associated with different orientations at a 1-year interval were also assessed. Latent profile analysis identified four groups of citizenship orientations among adolescents: engaged trustful, engaged distrustful, unengaged trustful, and unengaged distrustful. Differences of membership likelihood were found for background characteristics (gender and family income), school characteristics (track, democratic climate, student participation, and its perceived quality), family, and peer norms of participation.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: a rare cause of acute cortical visual impairment in an adult
Authors: Herath HMMTB , Nandasiri Shanika , Chandrakumara Amila , Jayamaha Jude , Senanayake Sunethra , Goonaratne Kishara
Published: July 2020

Adult onset subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) after the third decade of life is rare and the manifestations can mimic disorders such as dysmyelinating and metabolic disorders. This case report presents a patient with acute binocular visual impairment in his fifth decade as the first manifestation of SSPE. This is preventable with immunisation against measles. A prior history of measles infection may not be forthcoming in adult onset SSPE. This should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis when a patient from endemic area presents with acute visual loss even in the absence of classic features. Periodic generalised discharges on the EEG without myoclonus may be seen in this condition rarely as in this case.
Does Retirement Get Under the Skin and Into the Head? Testing the Pathway from Retirement to Cardio-Metabolic Risk, then to Episodic Memory
Authors: Oi Katsuya
Published: July 2020

Many studies document significant causal impacts of retirement on cognitive abilities. It remains unclear if cognitive functioning could be hindered in post-retirement due to heightened physiological responses to stress. Using repeated observations of biomarkers, retirement status, and the word-recall test score from the Health and Retirement Study (n = 25,367; 15,343 among women and 10,024 among men), the study tests this pathway, separately for men and women. The study employs the two-stage least squares fixed-effects model that simultaneously fits three equations predicting the total-recall score, cardio-metabolic risk index, and retirement status. Being retired for at least a year decreases cardio-metabolic risk for men and women, and the resulting relief of cardio-metabolic risk improves cognitive functioning for women but not for men. Retirement does not lead to a downward health spiral as previously suggested; rather, it provides a much needed relief from stressors for those who are at health risks.
Career adaptabilities of rural gifted adolescents in Turkey
Authors: Murat M Harun , Ozdemir Nurten Karacan
Published: July 2020

This study examined career adaptability of gifted students within the Career Construction Theory. Using phenomenological qualitative research design, the study was conducted with 15 10th grade students (54% male) attended an Art and Science Centre, which is an after school program for gifted students, from a rural area of Turkey. The Career Construction Interview was used to collect data. The content analysis was employed by using MAXQDA 18 with a predetermined code list based on the relevant literature, retaining four dimensions of career adaptability: concern, control, curiosity, and confidence. The results indicated that curiosity dimension of career adaptability was frequently observed, yet confidence was seen to be lacking. Self-exploration, Investigative Attitude, and Taking Responsibility were prominent subthemes. On the other hand, the analysis did not produce richer content on career adaptability with gifted students. The results implied the need for practices to advocate social justice for rural gifted students to provide more environmental opportunities and role models to them.
Resettlement and the case for women
Authors: Dominey Jane , Gelsthorpe Loraine
Published: July 2020

This article is about women caught in the cycle of persistent offending, breach and recall. We consider the resettlement challenges faced by this group of women and the extent to which these challenges can be met by the criminal justice system. We reflect on the impact of the Offender Rehabilitation Act 2014 and of statutory post-sentence supervision on the speed of the revolving door between custody and the community. The article draws on some data from an ongoing evaluation of a supported accommodation project for women leaving prison to illustrate its argument. We also question the extent to which the probation service alone has the tools needed to reduce the likelihood of recall and return to prison and identify the importance of factors such as sentencing law and policy and the provision of housing and health services.
Pornography use and romantic relationships: A dyadic daily diary study
Authors: Vaillancourt-Morel Marie-Pier , Rosen Natalie O. , Willoughby Brian J. , Leonhardt Nathan D. , Bergeron Sophie
Published: July 2020

Pornography use is now considered a normative sexual activity, including for partnered individuals. Although there are documented positive and negative effects of pornography use on romantic relationships, studies to date suffer from key limitations, narrowing their clinical relevance. Most rely on vague recall measurement that may inadequately capture actual pornography use, and all are exclusively based on mixed-sex couples. This study used a 35-day dyadic daily diary design to examine the associations between an individual’s daily pornography use and their own and their partner’s relationship satisfaction, partnered sexual desire, and probability of partnered sexual activity in mixed-sex and same-sex couples ( N = 217 couples). For women, regardless of partner’s sex, using pornography was associated with their own and their partner’s higher sexual desire and with higher odds of partnered sexual activity. For men, regardless of partner’s sex, using pornography was associated with their partner’s lower sexual desire; for men coupled with women, with lower odds of partnered sexual activity, and for men coupled with men, with higher odds of partnered sexual activity. For all participants, pornography use was unrelated to relationship satisfaction. The current study demonstrated that an individual’s pornography use is associated with same-day couple’s sexual dynamics, with different associations according to users’ and their partners’ sex.
Complementary therapy in palliative care: A synthesis of qualitative and quantitative systematic reviews
Authors: Armstrong Megan , Kupeli Nuriye , Flemming Kate , Stone Patrick , Wilkinson Susie , Candy Bridget
Published: July 2020

Background:

Interventions delivered in palliative care are complex and their evaluation through qualitative and quantitative research can lead to contrasting results. In a systematic review of trials, the effectiveness results of complementary therapies in palliative care were inconclusive; however, our qualitative synthesis showed participants perceived them to be beneficial.

Aim:

Use a novel methodology to synthesise evidence from qualitative and quantitative systematic reviews on complementary therapy in palliative care to explore the following: (1) If interventions delivered in trials reflect how participants in qualitative studies report they are delivered in real-life settings and (2) whether quality of life measures used in trials capture perceived benefits that are reported in qualitative studies.

Methods:

Two matrix tables were formulated. In one, key components in delivery of the complementary therapy from the qualitative synthesis which are as follows: (1) relationship with therapist, (2) comfortable environment, (3) choices (e.g. area of massage) and (4) frequent sessions, were plotted against intervention description, to explore matches and mismatches. In the other, items included in quality of life scales were compared with perceived benefits of complementary therapy.

Results:

None of the trials included all four key delivery components. The five quality of life scales used in the trials failed to capture the range of perceived benefits from the complementary therapies and many included inappropriate or redundant items.

Conclusions:

By integrating qualitative and quantitative review data, we determined the reasons trials may be inconclusive. This methodological exemplar provides a framework for understanding complexity in outcomes across trials and a direction for future research.
The Longitudinal Relationships Between Cyber Delinquency, Aggression, and Offline Delinquency: An Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Model
Authors: Nam Su-Jung
Published: July 2020

Cyber delinquency in adolescence is a particular area of concern for psychologists owing to its association with several mental health issues and its potential link with offline delinquency. This longitudinal study examined the stability of changes and directions of influence in adolescents’ cyber delinquency, aggression, and offline delinquency across a 4-year period. Our sample consisted of 2,280 adolescents who participated in the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute in Korea, from 2011 to 2015. Using autoregressive cross-lagged modeling, we found that changes in cyber delinquency, aggression, and offline delinquency were stable over time. There were also multiple cross-lagged effects from early to middle adolescence: cyber delinquency influenced both offline delinquency and aggression, and aggression influenced both cyber and offline delinquency. However, from middle to late adolescence, the only significant effect was that of cyber delinquency on offline delinquency.
Federalism, Intergovernmental Relationships, and Emergency Response: A Comparison of Australia and the United States
Authors: Downey Davia Cox , Myers William M.
Published: July 2020

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted governance. A strong intergovernmental response is critical for stemming the worst damage during the outset of a disaster. Collaborative planning with networks of constituent governments, medical experts, and emergency managers are needed to provide a holistic response to the highly technical and complex issues brought on by the novel coronavirus. This commentary highlights the differences in response by the United States and Australia, provides a comparison of intergovernmental relationships, and sheds light on how these federations vertical and horizontal collaborative efforts were stymied by politics or facilitated by existing intergovernmental forums.
Resistance to Racial Equity in U.S. Federalism and Its Impact on Fragmented Regions
Authors: Grigsby Sheila , Hernàndez Alicia , John Sara , Jones-Smith Désirée , Kaufmann Katie , Patrick Cordaryl , Prener Christopher , Tranel Mark , Udani Adriano
Published: July 2020

In this commentary, we provide our ground-level observations of how the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19 or COVID) has exposed weaknesses in our federal system to respond to local communities, particularly Black and Latina/os who live and work in the St. Louis region. Our perspectives come from a virtual town hall hosted by the Community Innovation and Action Center (CIAC) at the University of Missouri, St. Louis on April 18, 2020. Based on these initial public discussions, we use St. Louis as a lens for arguing that government’s attenuated impact is not due to a natural disaster itself, but the inevitable result of race-based policies that had worked against Black peoples over generations. The real failure involves our federalist system’s lack of a commitment to racial equity—when race no longer is used to predict life outcomes, and outcomes for all groups are improved—when designing the federal plan to respond to COVID-19 in local communities.
Administrative Response to Consequences of COVID-19 Emergency Responses: Observations and Implications From Gender-Based Violence in Argentina
Authors: Polischuk Luciana , Fay Daniel L.
Published: July 2020

Many governments across the globe enacted mandatory stay-at-home orders to slow the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the many consequences of these governmental protection orders is to confine potential perpetrators and victims of gender-based violence in close proximity thereby reducing the opportunity for survivors to report abuse and get assistance. In this essay, we describe the multilevel governmental response in Argentina to address gender-based violence during the first month of mandatory stay-at-home order amid the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. National and provincial governments enacted innovative and coordinated responses to gender-based violence that targeted systemic causes of gender-based violence, ensured continuity of existing services, and generated new communication strategies to allow nonverbal reporting during the pandemic. The Argentinean example suggests that governmental organizations should consider the gendered effects of government responses to emergencies and respond through a multilevel and cross-sectoral response to protect groups disproportionately affected by the crisis and resulting policy.
A surgical decompression procedure for effective treatment of calcified lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Wang Dawei , Xing Jianqiang , Shao Bin , Su Hongmin , Zhang Xiaomei , Zhao Wei , Fang Qingmin , Sun Jinchuan , Zhang Zheng , Zhang Daijie , Zhang Tianqi
Published: July 2020

Objective

To present our experience in managing calcified lumbar disc herniation (cLDH) using a surgical decompression procedure.

Methods

Patients who had low back pain radiating to the leg, were preoperatively diagnosed with cLDH by computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging, and were treated with a surgical decompression procedure were studied. Those without cLDH or who were treated with a method other than decompression were excluded. The treatment outcome was analyzed using the visual analog scale (VAS) score, Oswestry Disability Index, and modified Macnab criteria.

Results

Thirty-seven patients aged 60.5 ± 9.6 years were evaluated. The VAS scores were significantly decreased 1 day after surgery and remained low at the 3-month and 1-year follow-ups. The Oswestry Disability Index was also significantly lower at the 3-month and 1-year follow-ups. Ninety-four percent of patients rated the results as “excellent” or “good” according to the modified Macnab criteria at the 3-month follow-up. The patients developed few postoperative complications and no recurrence during 1 year of follow-up.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that the decompression approach is effective for management of cLDH at least in the short term (1 year) with respect to reducing pain and improving patient satisfaction with few complications.
Numerical study on contact force of paralleled beveloid gears using minimum potential energy theory
Authors: Sun Ruihua , Song Chaosheng , Zhu Caichao , Wang Yawen , Liu Kunming
Published: July 2020

Using minimum potential energy theory and slicing method, a computational approach to calculate the magnitude and distribution of contact force for paralleled beveloid gear pair was proposed in this article. The theoretical tooth contact model was built based on spatial gearing theory to calculate the mesh parameters including the coordinates, normal vectors, and equivalent radius for meshing points. Then, the analytical contact force model of paralleled beveloid gear pair was derived based on minimum potential energy theory. Finite element contact analysis was conducted to verify the proposed model. Finally, the influences of macro-geometry design parameters on the contact force distribution were investigated. Results show that the pressure angle has a limited influence on the contact force distribution. The increase in helix and cone angles will observably increase the asymmetry of contact force distribution as well as the fluctuation of contact force distribution for a single tooth. A good correlation was obtained between the proposed analytical model and the finite element model for the distribution and magnitudes of contact force.
A 2-Year Longitudinal Relationship Between Work–Family Conflict and Health Among Older Workers: Can Gardening Help?
Authors: Cho Eunae , Chen Tuo-Yu , Janke Megan C.
Published: July 2020

With the graying workforce worldwide, identifying factors that facilitate older workers’ health is critically important. We examined whether gardening mitigates the relationship of work–family conflict with disability, chronic conditions, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health among older workers. We drew a subsample of older workers aged 55 years and above from the Health and Retirement Study ( N = 1,598). Our results indicate that the relationships of work-to-family conflict at baseline with disability and with poorer self-rated health at a 2-year follow-up were stronger for those who gardened less than those who gardened more. No significant interaction was found between family-to-work conflict and gardening in predicting the health outcomes. This study is the first to show that gardening may have a protective effect against the adverse impact of work-to-family conflict on older workers’ health.
Nuances of the Direct Brow Lift: Oculoplastic Surgeons’ Perspective
Authors: Homer Natalie A. , Zhou Siwei , Watson Alison H. , Nakra Tanuj
Published: July 2020

The direct supraciliary brow lift is an effective procedure to treat brow ptosis, limited by risk of a cosmetically undesirable scar. We performed a comprehensive literature review of direct supraciliary brow lift techniques and provide a summary of the key considerations. The optimal direct brow lift is initiated with thoughtful incision design and a carefully beveled supraciliary incision. Subcutaneous tissue debulking and wound edge undermining optimize wound eversion and approximation. A layered meticulously executed skin closure is essential for optimal cosmesis. The senior author’s personal technique, incorporating these concepts, is described and illustrated. We reviewed 76 patients (141 brows) who underwent our refined technique. At the time of final follow-up visit (average 4.9 months), 72 patients (94.7%) reported complete satisfaction with results. Adverse outcomes were found in 4 patients (5.3%) and included transient paresthesias (n = 3) and hypertrophic scarring (n = 1). Postoperative care routinely included the use of topical steroids and additional treatment with microneedling and 5-fluorouracil in 2 patients (2.6%) to optimize healing. The direct supraciliary brow lift is a minimally invasive and effective procedure to correct brow ptosis and may yield excellent cosmesis when key principles are utilized.
Frailty Is Associated With Decreased Time Spent at Home After Critical Illness: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Hendin Ariel , Tanuseputro Peter , McIsaac Daniel I. , Hsu Amy T. , Smith Glenys A. , Begum Jahanara , Thompson Laura Hilary , Stelfox Henry T. , Reardon Peter , Herritt Brent , Chaudhuri Dipayan , Rosenberg Erin , Kyeremanteng Kwadwo
Published: July 2020

Background:

Frailty is characterized by vulnerability to stressors due to an accumulation of multiple functional deficits. Frailty is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for accelerated functional decline, increasing dependency, and risk of mortality. The objective of this study was to examine the association of frailty, at the time of critical care admission, with days alive at home and health care costs post-discharge.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study used linked administrative data (2010-2016) in Ontario, Canada. We identified all patients admitted at the intensive care unit (ICU), aged 19 years and above, assessed using the Resident Assessment Instrument for Home Care (RAI-HC), within 6 months prior to index hospitalization including an ICU stay. Patients were stratified as robust, pre-frail, or frail based on a validated Frailty Index. The primary outcome was days alive at home in the year after admission. Secondary outcomes included mortality, health care–associated costs, ICU interventions, long-term care admissions, and hospital readmissions.

Results:

Frail patients spent significantly fewer days at home within 1 year of index hospitalization (mean 159 days vs 223 days in robust cohort, P < .001). Mortality was higher among frail patients at 1 year (59.6% in the frail cohort vs 45.9% in robust patients; odds ratio for death 1.59 [1.49-1.69]). Frail patients also had higher rates of long-term care admission within 1 year (30.1% vs 10.6% in robust patients). Total health care–associated costs per person alive were $30 450 higher the year after admission in the frail cohort.

Conclusions:

Frailty prior to ICU admission among patients who were eligible for RAI-HC assessment was associated with higher mortality and fewer days spent at home following admission. Frail patients had markedly higher rates of long-term care admission and increased costs per life saved following critical illness. These findings add to the discussion of risk–benefit trade-offs for ICU admission.
Valuing Joyful Teaching Moments: Nursing Faculty Experiences in Texas
Authors: Hendrickson Sherry Garrett , Roche Mary Ellen , Holland Amy , Sales Adam C.
Published: July 2020

Purpose: Studies of joyful experiences in teaching nursing and related implications are lacking in the literature. The concept of joy seems undervalued yet critical to the theoretical basis for improving holistic faculty experiences and potentially affecting students and patients. The purpose of this study is to give voice to instances of joyful teaching identified by nursing faculty and to consider related implications, including advancing holistic nursing education. Design: In this sequential exploratory multimethod study, faculty discussed joyful teaching, responded to survey questions, and completed a Likert-type measure of outcomes. Eleven faculty were interviewed; interviews were digitally recorded and professionally transcribed. Interviews were coded using qualitative content analysis; quantitative data provided frequency counts. Findings: Four main themes emerged: “aha” moments, faculty validation, witnessing transformation, and planting seeds. Faculty shared experiences with peers, students, or both, and occasionally with others. Three outcome themes of joy were identified: transcendence, meaning, and activity. The most frequently reported significance of joy was hope and resilience. Conclusions: Joyful experiences belong in the literature and can inform holistic practice. Our results suggest that joyful moments support faculty and that students and patients may also benefit from this emotion, even though it has been undervalued in nursing research.
The transient museum: Or a vision of the not-yet-here
Authors: Shanks Gwyneth Jane
Published: July 2020

This essay forwards the idea of the transient museum, a theoretical and utopian project aimed at dismantling the visual logics that support the contemporary art museum. Beginning from the premise that such museums are predicated upon colonial and capitalist visual logics, the transient museum imagines ways of being in but not of the contemporary art museum and the economies of circulation it engenders. Its tactics engage visuality but, equally, a politics of the body and of movement. As such, Gwyneth Shanks frames two ways of performing the transient museum, against acquisition and an aesthetics of concealment, analyzing highly performative artworks by artists Rafa Esparza and Nari Ward to explain these categories. She argues that the transient museum names ever-accumulating forces of global and historical crisis—forces to which neither the museum nor contemporary art are immune—as a practice of enacting hope and remaking the contours of contemporary art.
Literature review of quality attributes for collaborative product development
Authors: Randermann Marcel , Blüher Till , Jochem Roland , Stark Rainer
Published: July 2020

In collaborative product development, diverse stakeholders are involved in distributed engineering activities. This situation makes it difficult to ensure, manage, and improve the quality across company boundaries. Therefore, this work determines the characteristics of collaborative engineering which have an influence on the quality of distributed product development. Several interoperability frameworks were analyzed in order to get insights into key areas for collaboration design. Furthermore, a systematic literature review provided the best practices for improvement efforts. The derived quality attributes were condensed and adapted to collaborative product development in the four key areas of organization and processes, data/artifacts, information technology systems and infrastructure, and social factors. This enables product developers to examine their collaborative engineering environment and to identify room for improvement and to enhance quality. A case example of an engineering change order shows a collaborative data flow process, in which the quality attributes may indicate improvement measures.
Analysis of dynamic thermal performance of the walls in residential buildings in Serbia
Authors: Kalinović Saša M , Djoković Jelena M
Published: July 2020

In this paper, analysis of dynamic thermal performance of multilayer insulation wall in residential buildings in Serbia is performed. Considering that the final goal is to build a residential structure with the highest level of efficiency, that is, with the lowest energy consumption for heating and cooling, it is necessary to determine good thermal characteristics of a multilayer wall. The first type of walls, which were analyzed had the same structure with different thicknesses of individual layers. The second type of analyzed walls had the same structure, but the thermo-insulating layers occupied different positions. The third type of walls had different structures, but the same total thickness. Based on the results presented in the paper, it can be concluded that in walls with similar structures, the same total thickness and different thicknesses of individual layers, there are differences in the external temperature variation shift. The position of the thermal insulation layer for the same wall structure does not significantly affect the change in temperature oscillation caused by the change in the outside temperature. Changing the wall structure, however, has significant influence on the thermal capacity. This analysis offers the possibility to choose the optimal solution for the wall structure with the highest energy efficiency.
An enhanced method for the identification of ferritic morphologies in welded fusion zones based on gray-level co-occurrence matrix: A computational intelligence approach
Authors: Souza Amanda Campos , Silva Gulliver Catão , Caldeira Lecino , de Almeida Nogueira Fernando Marques , Junior Moisés Luiz Lagares , de Aguiar Eduardo Pestana
Published: July 2020

This work focuses on the identification of five of the most common ferritic morphologies present in welded fusion zones of low carbon steel through images acquired by photomicrographies. With this regards, we discuss the importance of the gray-level co-occurrence matrix to extract the features to be used as the input of the computational intelligence techniques. We use artificial neural networks and support vector machines to identify the proportions of each morphology and present the error identification rate for each technique. The results show that the use of gray-level co-occurrence extraction allows a less intense computational model with statistical validity and the support vector machine as a computational intelligence technique allows smaller variability when compared to the artificial neural networks.
A creep control for distributed rear wheel drive bus
Authors: Wang Yuan , Yuan Liangxin , Chen Hao , Du Peng , Lian Xiaomin
Published: July 2020

Creep control is a kind of start-up control for electric vehicle. In the paper, two closed-loop control is contained in the creep control strategy. Proportional control with torque limitation, which adjusts vehicle speed, is the outer-loop control; and anti-slip control is the inner-loop control. In this way, the vehicle speed indicates no overshoot and has uniform convergence with driving torque. Moreover, the vehicle can start up on low adhesion or split road, and the driver can control the creep speed by the brake pedal only, so that the driver’s operation is reduced. Subjective evaluation method is proposed to determine the control performance metrics, and then the mathematical relationship between the performance metrics and the control parameters is established. The tuning method of the control parameters is proposed according to those performance metrics, which mitigates the workloads of calibration and provides a better driving experience. Some simulations and real vehicle experiments are conducted to verify that the control strategy has an expected performance.
Trimming analysis of flexible aircrafts based on computational fluid dynamics/computational structural dynamics coupling methodology
Authors: Ruhao Hua , Hao Chen , Xianxu Yuan , Zhigong Tang , Lin Bi
Published: July 2020

A numerical methodology based on the coupling of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational structural dynamics is established to obtain the trimming characteristics of flexible aircrafts in this paper. Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations are solved through CFD technique. Based on the frame of unstructured mesh, techniques of dynamic chimera mesh and morphing mesh are adopted to treat the data transfer between different computational zones and structure deformation caused by aeroelasticity, respectively. When it is applied to a projectile model with large slenderness ratio constructed in this paper, convergence histories of various initial conditions demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the algorithm. The influence of the structural rigidity and normal loads on the trimming condition of flexible projectiles is investigated, and the locations of the aerodynamic center with various rigidities present the explanation that elastic deformation can move the aerodynamic center forward and weaken the margin of the stability. Furthermore, the trimming condition of flexible projectiles with propulsion is researched, which indicates that thrust misalignment will increase the effect of elastic deformation on the trimming condition, and the stability margin will be further weakened because of thrust misalignment. The conclusion provided in this paper can provide guidance for the structural design, control system design, and stability analysis for modern aircrafts with small stability margin and low rigidity.
Influence of varying nitrogen on creep deformation and damage behaviour of type 316L in the framework of continuum damage mechanics approach
Authors: Christopher J , Praveen C , Ganesan V , Reddy GV Prasad , Albert Shaju K
Published: July 2020

In the present study, Kachanov–Rabotnov continuum damage model has been employed to describe the steady state and tertiary creep deformation and damage behaviour of 316L austenitic stainless steel with different nitrogen contents of 0.07, 0.11 and 0.22 wt%, at 923 K. For all the nitrogen contents, the model appropriately predicts the creep strain–time data, creep rupture strain and rupture life. The model parameters such as characteristic strain and damage rates systematically decrease with the increase in nitrogen content. The derived iso-damage contours superimposed on creep strain–time data indicate that the evolution kinetics of strain, as well as damage, are unique at each applied stress level. For nitrogen added type 316L SS, the critical damage value ( ωcr) at which creep failure takes place is found to be less than 1 and is in the range of 0.35–0.60. It is observed that the dominance of damage rate ([Formula: see text]) over the strain rate ([Formula: see text]) increases with increasing nitrogen content from 0.07 to 0.22% N for the steel. A direct correlation has been established between the creep rupture ductility and the ratio of strain rate to damage rate, i.e. [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] using the Kachanov–Rabotnov model for different nitrogen contents and stress levels.
Traumatized War Criminal? Documenting the Case of Esad Landžo
Authors: Simic Olivera
Published: July 2020

Perpetrators’ voices have been traditionally ignored in the transitional justice field and beyond. Esad Landžo was only 19 when he committed the crimes of willful killing, torturing, and causing serious injury to the detainees of notorious Čelebići camp in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2001, Landžo was sentenced to 15 years’ imprisonment by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia for the crimes he committed in 1992. After serving two thirds of his sentence in 2006 and settling in Finland, Landžo and the Danish filmmaker, Lars Feldballe Petersen, embarked on the project of making a documentary movie about Landžo’s traumatic memories, remorse, and regret. Landžo had a strong urge to extend his apology to each victim individually and in 2015 went to Čelebići to meet his former detainees. This article will build on a scarce conversation in scholarly, and legal discourse, as to why psychological trauma is considered to be an experience that belongs to victims. It will analyze difficult and untold perpetrators’ experiences of criminal acts and explore whether in these experiences there is potential for inner and group understanding. This article draws on the author’s interviews with Landžo, the main protagonist in the movie The Unforgiven: A War’s Criminal Remorse, a film that documents the extraordinary story of Landžo: from his denial to redemption.