bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perioperative myocardial injury is associated with increased postoperative non-cardiac complications in patients undergoing vascular surgery: a post hoc analysis of a randomised clinical pilot trial
Authors: Valadkhani A. , Gupta A. , Bell M.
Published: November 2023

Background

Elevated cardiac biomarkers, such as high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin T and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide improve the prediction of major adverse cardiac events. However, very few trials have investigated the association between perioperative cardiac injury and non-cardiac complications. The primary aim of this study was to determine the association between peri-operative myocardial injury and non-cardiac complications in patients undergoing vascular surgery. Additionally, the association between elevated pre-operative high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin T or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and non-cardiac complications was explored.

Methods

This study is a post hoc analysis of a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Patients were recruited from three centres in Sweden between 2016 and 2019. Cardiac troponin level was measured pre-operatively and at 4, 24, and 48 h after the start of surgery in patients undergoing vascular surgery. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide was measured pre-operatively. The primary outcome was a composite of major postoperative non-cardiac complications assessed at 30 days.

Results

A total of 184 patients undergoing peripheral or aortic vascular surgery were included in this study. The primary endpoint occurred in 67 (36%) patients. Perioperative myocardial injury was significantly associated with non-cardiac complications, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.71 (95% confidence interval 1.33–5.55, P = 0.01). Sensitivity and specificity were 0.40 and 0.81, respectively. No association was found between pre-operative hs-cTnT or NT-proBNP and non-cardiac complications.

Conclusion

In this pilot study, we found that new peri-operative myocardial injury is associated with an increased risk of non-cardiac complications within 30 days after index surgery in patients undergoing vascular surgery. Pre-operative high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin T or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide did not appear to predict non-cardiac complications. Larger studies are needed to confirm our findings.

Trial registration

EudraCT database: 2016-001584-36
JUNB affects hair follicle development and regeneration by promoting the proliferation of dermal papilla cells in goat
Authors: Zhang Tongtong , Li Fang , Li Xiang , Zhou Xiongbo , Zheng Yujie , Wang Xin
Published: November 2023

Background

The process of hair follicle morphogenesis, development, and regeneration essentially depends on the interaction between skin epidermis and dermis, while dermal papilla (DP) cells play a vital role in this process. Transcription factors recognize specific DNA sequences to regulate gene transcription during hair follicle development. Our previous sequencing data have demonstrated that JUNB is differentially expressed between the induction and differentiation stages during hair follicle development of cashmere goat. However, the underlying mechanism of JUNB currently remains unknown.

Results

The function of JUNB on DP cells was explored by EdU, MTT, CCK-8, and flow cytometry analysis, which showed that JUNB significantly promoted the cell viability and proliferation. Subsequently, the underlying regulation mechanism of JUNB was investigated. The dual-luciferase reporter assay and RT-qPCR results revealed that TCF3 was a target gene of JUNB. And the expressions of Wnt signaling pathway-related genes, CTNNB1 (β-catenin), Cyclin D1, and C-myc, were significantly promoted at mRNA and protein levels. The homology analysis based on JUNB protein sequences revealed that goat and mouse had high homology among 11 species. Therefore, C57 BL/6 mice were selected as the animal model for further in vivo experiment. The result showed that JUNB promoted hair regeneration of mouse, and the HE and immunofluorescence staining results of skin tissues further proved it.

Conclusions

Taken together, our results revealed that JUNB promoted the proliferation of DP cells by regulating Wnt signaling pathway, thereby affecting hair regeneration, which would provide molecular target for improving cashmere quality and breeding of cashmere goats.

Graphical Abstract
Adapting co-design methodology to a virtual environment: co-designing a communication intervention for adult patients in critical care
Authors: Istanboulian Laura , Rose Louise , Yunusova Yana , Dale Craig
Published: November 2023

Background

Research co-design is recommended to reduce misalignment between researcher and end-user needs and priorities for healthcare innovation. Engagement of intensive care unit patients, clinicians, and other stakeholders in co-design has historically relied upon face-to-face meetings. Here, we report on our co-design processes for the development of a bundled intensive care unit patient communication intervention that used exclusively virtual meeting methods in response to COVID-19 pandemic social distancing restrictions.

Methods

We conducted a series of virtual co-design sessions with a committee of stakeholder participants recruited from a medical-surgical intensive care unit of a community teaching hospital in Toronto, Canada. Published recommendations for co-design methods were used with exclusively virtual adaptations to improve ease of stakeholder participation as well as the quality and consistency of co-design project set-up, facilitation, and evaluation. Virtual adaptations included the use of email for distributing information, videos, and electronic evaluations as well as the use of a videoconferencing platform for synchronous meetings. We used a flexible meeting plan including asynchronous virtual methods to reduce attendance barriers for time-constrained participants.

Results

Co-design participants included a patient and a family member (n = 2) and professionally diverse healthcare providers (n = 9), plus a facilitator. Overall, participants were engaged and reported a positive experience with the virtually adapted co-design process. Reported benefits included incorporation of diverse viewpoints in the communication intervention design and implementation plan. Challenges related to lack of hands-on time during development of the co-designed intervention and participant availability to meet regularly albeit virtually.

Conclusions

This report describes the methods, benefits, and challenges of adapting in-person co-design methods to a virtual environment to produce a bundled communication intervention for use in the adult intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adapting recommended co-design methods to a virtual environment can provide further opportunities for stakeholder participation in intervention design.
The implications of Chinese investments on Mediterranean trade and maritime hubs
Authors: Oulmakki Ouail , Rodrigue Jean-Paul , Hernandez Meza Andrey , Verny Jérôme
Published: November 2023

By improving the connectivity between China and Europe, Chinese investments aim to redefine China’s position within global transport networks and logistics flows. This article explores the evolution of port activity in the Mediterranean following the implementation of investment strategies through an analysis of container flows and the impact generated by China on the Mediterranean ports. It compares port centrality to assess what influences the Belt and Road Initiative has had on containers flows from its inception until 2019 (pre Covid-19 pandemic). The main results underline that during its inception phase, the BRI had no discernable impacts on port polarization. Further, trade imbalances decreased and even slightly grew in favor of Mediterranean countries. The presence of Chinese investors, COSCO and China Merchants Group, in port operations impacted regional dynamics, mainly in the port of Piraeus in Greece, which became a hub. Connectivity between the main Mediterranean ports and China grew considerably after the BRI, especially with Egypt, Spain, and Morocco, where Chinese port investments have been considerable. The ports receiving the most Chinese investments see the most significant changes in their ranking in the regional port system.
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 44 due to compound heterozygous variants in the UBA5 gene: a case report
Authors: Zhang Suli , Lin Shuangzhu , Wang Wanqi , Gan Yuru , Wang Cui , Li Bangtao , Pang Qiming
Published: November 2023

Background

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) is a group of rare inherited disorders characterized by intellectual disability, delayed development, epileptic seizures, and other related symptoms. DEE44 is caused by mutations in the UBA5 gene, which encodes a ubiquitin-like protein involved in protein degradation and cell signaling. However, there is limited information on the genotype–phenotype correlation of DEE44, and its clinical features remain to be fully characterized.

Case presentation

We report a 12-month-old infant who presented with epileptic spastic seizures beginning at 4 months of age, accompanied by overall developmental delay, short stature, microcephaly, inability to hold his head upright, chasing vision, and high muscle tone in the extremities. Genetic findings showed compound heterozygous mutations of the UBA5 gene: NM_024818 c.562C > T(p.R188X) from the mother and NM_024818 c.214C > T(p.R72C) from the father.

Conclusions

This case report expands the clinical spectrum of DEE44 and highlights the importance of considering DEE44 in the differential diagnosis of developmental delay and epilepsy, even in the absence of classical symptoms suggestive of the condition. We hope that this case report will advance the understanding of DEE44 and improve the expertise of clinicians and early diagnose of this disease.
Proposal for diagnosis using FLAIR image aimed for pediatric MELAS with recurrent stroke-like episodes on MRI system cannot take ASL imaging
Authors: Shimada Makoto , Ikeda Tae , Fukui Ryohei , Kida Katsuhiro , Matsuura Ryutaro , Akagawa Takuya , Goto Sachiko
Published: November 2023

Background

Arterial spin-labeling (ASL) imaging is currently the most useful method for diagnosing mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like attack syndrome (MELAS). However, ASL is often an optional feature of standard MRI systems. Therefore, not all MRI systems can perform ASL imaging. In contrast, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging is one of the common sequences in brain MRI because FLAIR imaging can be performed regardless of the specifications of the equipment. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of quantitative analysis of signal intensity obtained from fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images with ASL images for MELAS with recurrent stroke-like episodes (SLEs). A total of 68 cases with normal magnetic resonance imaging findings and 25 cases diagnosed MELAS with recurrent SLEs were included. We evaluated the frontal lobe and cuneus as target areas and compared the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) values obtained from ASL images with the normalized signal intensity (nSI) obtained from FLAIR images.

Results

The sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing MELAS from linear discriminant analysis (LDA) obtained from the rCBF values were 0.84 and 0.941, respectively, and those of nSI were 0.8 and 0.897, respectively. The area under the ROC curves (AUC) calculated from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis using rCBF values and nSI were 0.889 and 0.804, respectively.

Conclusion

Quantitative analysis using the signal intensity of the FLAIR image could have a diagnostic performance equivalent to that of rCBF values obtained from ASL images.
Prescription of therapeutic exercise for chronic low back pain management: a narrative review
Authors: Ganesh G. Shankar , Khan Abdur Raheem , Das Sakti , Khan Ashfaque
Published: November 2023

Background

The results of recent systematic reviews have concluded that most exercise types are more effective than minimal treatment for improving outcomes in the management of non-specific chronic low back pain. However, exercise prescriptions are criticised for being prescribed without a clear rationale and with a high level of uncertainty. The preferred mode of exercise in this population is not outlined in clinical guidelines. The objective of this review is to describe the indications and dosimetry for the most common exercise interventions prescribed.

Methods

Literature was sourced from searches of MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and PEDro databases until October 2021 using descriptors related to pain, exercise, and prescription, totaling 33 articles that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The first author independently selected studies and extracted data on study characteristics of interest. Any doubts were resolved through discussion with the other reviewers.

Results

The results of the review showed that a baseline assessment comprising the patient’s pain, thoughts, beliefs, and behaviours concerning physical activity or exercises may be undertaken, and specific exercises may be prescribed based on the indication to reduce pain, allay fear, or re-educate neuromotor control.

Conclusion

Based on the heterogeneity in the understanding, administration, and progression of exercises and the sub-optimal or poor reporting of exercise prescriptions or dosages and outcomes reported, we conclude that it may not be possible to synthesise any evidence to inform precision exercise prescription for CLBP. Future studies should be of higher quality for the development of effective exercise programmes.
Burning Desires: Zanzibari Women in the Throes of Concubinage and Gunpoint Matrimony
Authors: Abusharaf R. M.
Published: November 2023

This article examines the two instances of concubinage (suria) during the Omani rule of Zanzibar and the Ndoa Za Karume Forced Marriage Act that followed the revolution in 1964 on the island. Both practices can be seen as laboratories in which the complexities of sex and power were in full display. Throughout, the author draws inspiration from anthropologist Tim Ingold's theory of human correspondence alongside valuable insights from the intersection of black feminist thought and humanistic anthropology to deepen our understanding of both concubinage and forced marriage as forms of sexual bondage occurring within particular political circumstances and historical realities. For indeed, both objectifying practices assumed a variety of meanings in colonial and postrevolutionary Zanzibar. When conjugating suria and ndoa within the complex grammar of race, class, and gender, we also often encounter inconsistencies inherent in fraught human relationships and furthered by the marked fluidities and slippages of both practices and their varying connotative, pragmatic, and ideational significances. Was the Ndoa za Karume an act of retribution against concubinage? Or was it a contribution to a nation-building project in a society adrift? To consider these questions, the article draws on a variety of ethnographic insights gathered in Zanzibar and Oman between 2016 and 2019 and a constellation of texts, including archives, local historiographies, a collection of Swahili statements for and against ndoa possessed by an interlocutor, memoirs, and other field notes gathered in 2020–21. The article explores what was at stake in these two parallel modes of exploiting women's bodies, arguing that they cannot be understood in isolation from their “correspondences” and the emotionality manifested in both gendered social dramas.
On Engaging with the Indian Ocean, Africa, and History: A Conversation with Edward A. Alpers
Authors: Prestholdt Jeremy
Published: November 2023

In January 2022, Jeremy Prestholdt communicated with Edward A. Alpers, author, editor, and coeditor of many books and Research Professor and Emeritus Professor of History at the University of California, Los Angeles. Communicating by email, in this interview Alpers discussed his career and scholarly trajectory, his books Ivory and Slaves in East Central Africa and The Indian Ocean in World History, many of his pathbreaking articles, and his current research.
Αντιμετώπιση της πρώιμης (2 ώρες μετά από φόρτιση με 600mg κλοπιδογρέλη) ανεπαρκούς αναστολής των αιμοπεταλίων σε ασθενείς με οξύ έμφραγμα του μυοκαρδίου με ανάσπαση του ST διαστήματος (STEMI)
Authors: Θεοδωρόπουλος Κωνσταντίνος
Published: November 2023

Σκοπός της μελέτης: Υπάρχει έλλειψη δεδομένων στη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία σχετικά με την πρώιμη (τις δύο πρώτες ώρες) αποτελεσματικότητα της προτεινόμενης φόρτισης με 600mg κλοπιδογρέλης στην αντιδραστικότητα των αιμοπεταλίων (platelet reactivity - PR) σε ασθενείς με έμφραγμα του μυοκαρδίου με ανάσπαση του ST διαστήματος (STEMI). Υποθέσαμε, ότι στην περίπτωση υψηλής αντιδραστικότητας των αιμοπεταλίων κατά τη θεραπεία (high on-treatment platelet reactivity – HTPR), η επαναφόρτιση με πρασουγρέλη και επακόλουθη θεραπεία με δόση συντήρησης πρασουγρέλης, μπορεί να προσφέρουν ταχύτερη και ισχυρότερη αναστολή αιμοπεταλίων σε σύγκριση με την υψηλή δόση συντήρησης της κλοπιδογρέλης. Μέθοδοι: Σε 93 ασθενείς με STEMI που υποβλήθηκαν σε πρωτογενή αγγειοπλαστική (PPCI) αξιολογήσαμε την PR χρησιμοποιώντας τη μέθοδο εκτίμησης της αιμοπεταλιακής λειτουργίας VerifyNow P2Y12, 2 ώρες μετά από φόρτιση με 600mg κλοπιδογρέλης. Το σύνολο των 60 ασθενών (64,5%) που παρουσίαζαν HTPR (η οποία ορίστηκε ως ≥235 P2Y12 reaction units – PRU), τυχαιοποιήθηκαν σε μία από τις ακόλουθες δύο θεραπευτικές στρατηγικές: επαναφόρτιση με 60mg πρασουγρέλης και στη συνέχεια δόση συντήρησης πρασουγρέλης 10mg ημερησίως, ή υψηλή δόση συντήρησης (150mg) κλοπιδογρέλης. Αποτελέσματα: Το πρωτογενές καταληκτικό σημείο της PR στις 24 ώρες μετά την τυχαιοποίηση ήταν χαμηλότερο στην ομάδα της πρασουγρέλης σε σύγκριση με την ομάδα της κλοπιδογρέλης (51,3 25,7–77,0 έναντι 242,4 215,8–268,9 P2Y12 reaction units, εκτιμήσεις ελάχιστων τετραγώνων, διαστήματα εμπιστοσύνης 95%, p<0,001). H PR στις 2 ώρες και 5 ημέρες μετά την τυχαιοποίηση ήταν χαμηλότερη στην ομάδα της πρασουγρέλης σε σύγκριση με την ομάδα της κλοπιδογρέλης (117,2 70,9–163,4 και 101,6 70,1–133,2 μέση διαφορά ελάχιστου τετράγωνου, διαστήματα εμπιστοσύνης 95%, p<0,001 και για τα δύο). Σε όλα τα χρονικά σημεία εκτίμησης της PR, τα ποσοστά HTPR ήταν χαμηλότερα στην ομάδα της πρασουγρέλης σε σχέση με την ομάδα της κλοπιδογρέλης. Συμπεράσματα: Η HTPR παρατηρείται συχνά στην πρώιμη φάση μετά τη φόρτιση ασθενών με STEMI με 600mg κλοπιδογρέλης. Σε αυτήν την περίπτωση, η επιπρόσθετη φόρτιση με 60mg πρασουγρέλης και η επακόλουθη δόση συντήρησης 10mg πρασουγρέλης ημερησίως παρέχει ταχύτερη και ισχυρότερη αναστολή των αιμοπεταλίων σε σχέση με το υψηλό δοσολογικό σχήμα συντήρησης (150mg ημερησίως) της κλοπιδογρέλης.
The genome sequence of the Rose-flounced Tabby, Endotricha flammealis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Eljounaidi Kaouthar ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: November 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Endotricha flammealis (the Rose-flounced Tabby; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Pyralidae). The genome sequence is 473.9 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the W and Z sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.23 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 17,578 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of a rove beetle, Othius punctulatus (Goeze, 1777)
Authors: McCulloch James ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: November 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Othius punctulatus (a rove beetle; Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Staphylinidae). The genome sequence is 870.5 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 10 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 20.71 kilobases in length.
Faith and Reason: A Comparative Analysis of Abū l-Muʿīn al-Nasafī and Thomas Aquinas on Intellect, Assent, and Free Will
Authors: SAYGI Muhammet
Published: November 2023

This paper aims to explore the complex relationship between intellect, knowledge, and free will in the context of religious faith, īmān or fides. The paper focuses on the perspectives of two prominent theologians, Abū l-Muʿīn al-Nasafī (d. 508/1115) and Thomas Aquinas (d. 1274), from the Middle Ages. The study begins its investigation by looking into the aforementioned theologians’ ideas and interpretations related to the nature of religious faith. It then explores the specific roles assigned by al-Nasafī and Aquinas to intellect, assent, and free will in the act of faith. The article’s final section presents a comparative analysis of their perspectives, highlighting the similarities, differences, and potential tensions between their positions. The findings of this study suggest that Aquinas’ argument, which asserts that grounding faith in knowledge or evidence undermines human free will, may have certain problematic aspects. According to him, one necessarily assents to the proposition at hand if there is conclusive evidence. However, as for al-Nasafī, it appears that one can rely on evidence and exercise his/her free will in the act of faith if religious assent, taṣdīq or agnitio, is understood in a dual sense.
Death and life Valley. Environmental memory of the Pomeranian crime of 1939 in Chojnice
Authors: Smykowski Mikołaj , Kobiałka Dawid
Published: November 2023

This article concerns Chojnice’s Death Valley, Poland – the execution site from the Second World War. We discuss the historical and archaeological contexts related to German mass crimes committed near the town during the war. Next, we outline the theoretical framework of our argument. The key chapters of the text are a case study that shows Death Valley also as a place full of life. Thanks to environmental anthropology, it is possible to identify those elements of mass killing sites that have not yet been included in the mainstream of historical and archaeological research on this type of landscape.
Female-Asymmetric Hybrid Animation: Why Eve is Called “Mother of All Living”
Authors: Schins Juleon
Published: November 2023

In 1995, Francisco Ayala considered biblical Eve a myth, because a relatively recent single-pair bottleneck is unable to sustain the observed polymorphism of the human immune system. In 2011, Kenneth Kemp showed that Ayala’s conclusion depends on an implicit condition, to wit, that God animates all and only progeny of two animated parents. Here we show that both biology (the polymorphism) and scripture (Eve’s historical existence) are equally saved, upon assuming that God animates all and only progeny of animated mothers. We present three reasons in favor this prima facie rather odd restriction: (i) it solves two long-standing biological riddles; (ii) it explains Eve’s scriptural title of “mother of all living”; and (iii) it fully respects the theology of Christ’s perfect humanity (for His lacking a biological father).
Strategies for a Nonviolent Response to Perpetrator Actions: What Can Christianity Offer to Targets of Workplace Mobbing?
Authors: Vveinhardt Jolita , Deikus Mykolas
Published: November 2023

This study sought to identify what strategies Christianity can offer for a morally justifiable, nonviolent response to mobbing actions. A qualitative content analysis of the Gospel of Luke was performed, and Heinz Leymann’s action groups of workplace mobbing were used to create categories. Three strategies of nonviolent response to attacks on communication, personal and professional reputation as well as social exclusion and physical attacks were identified. Their set consists of active efforts to maintain the observers’ support, refusal to engage in a stubborn and destructive struggle, and cognitive reappraisal and making sense of negative experiences. The possibilities for using these strategies in different situations are discussed, and directions for further research are outlined, enabling us to evaluate the effectiveness of millennia-old religious coping practices in cases of workplace mobbing.
Thomistic Hylomorphism and Theistic Evolution
Authors: Hofmann James R
Published: November 2023

Working within the framework of Thomistic metaphysics, Mariusz Tabaczek O. P. has developed a version of Catholic theistic evolution that includes speciation, human origins, and the origin of life. He assigns biological evolution to the domain of divine governance rather than that of creatio ex nihilo which only applies to primitive matter and human souls. This article reviews Tabaczek’s work with an emphasis on his argument for the compatibility of hylomorphism and evolutionary change through the eduction of novel substantial forms.
Invasive disease by Streptococcus pneumoniae: a case report and a discussion about the immunization rates in older adults in Brazil
Authors: Cabral-Oliveira Guilherme Goulart , Motta Isabelle Christine de M. , Pereira-Ribeiro Paula Marcele A. , Damasco Paulo Vieira , Mattos-Guaraldi Ana Luiza
Published: November 2023

Invasive disease by Streptococcus pneumoniae has a high mortality rate, principally in old adults and children. This paper presents the progression and prognostic of a case of invasive pneumococcal disease in an elderly woman by vaccinal serotype and promotes a discussion about the monitorization of the vaccinal pneumococcal rate in an old adult population in Brazil.
Percepções sobre Momentos de Visitações para Adolescentes Privados de Liberdade: Relações Familiares e Afetividade
Authors: Petry Brondani Renata , Mônica Arpini Dorian
Published: November 2023

A privação de liberdade de adolescentes interfere nas possibilidades de contato e comunicação com o mundo externo à instituição, por representar a privação da liberdade dos adolescentes que a estão cumprindo. O presente artigo, a partir de uma perspectiva da psicologia sócio-histórica, possui o objetivo de contemplar reflexões sobre os significados que foram atribuídos aos encontros durante as visitas de seus familiares na unidade de internação. Integraram este estudo dez participantes, sendo cinco adolescentes e cinco respectivos familiares destes. Através de um olhar qualitativo, a partir do delineamento de Estudo de Casos Múltiplos e da coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e pesquisa documental, compreendeu-se que as visitas são encontros importantes para os adolescentes e para os familiares. Os resultados evidenciaram ainda, que se apresentam sentimentos paradoxais e carregados de força afetiva. Diante disso, ressalta-se que são criadas possibilidades de ressignificação das experiências relacionais, sendo assim, de grande potencial para o trabalho dos profissionais nas instituições socioeducativas, dada a relevância que é conferida pelos participantes desta pesquisa.
Os Sentidos do Trabalho: Análise do Trabalho Fabril em uma Indústria Farmacêutica
Authors: Mota Fernanda
Published: November 2023

Pretende-se nesse texto discutir o trabalho fabril a partir dos resultados de uma pesquisa de campo sobre os sentidos do trabalho para os operários de uma indústria farmacêutica na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender o olhar do trabalhador sobre o seu trabalho e como ele se percebe enquanto trabalhador. Para tanto, realizamos uma pesquisa de campo etnográfica com treze operários de chão de fábrica. No que se refere ao formato metodológico, a opção foi pela pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, que se apoiou na utilização de entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais e observações das atividades de trabalho, utilizando como instrumento a observação participante. Como resultado, percebemos que, para os trabalhadores, o trabalho ainda é um fator estruturante e produtor de sentidos em suas vidas. Desse modo, o trabalho possui uma grande importância para o cotidiano dos trabalhadores e é indiscutível o valor social que está intrínseco em sua ocupação.
Relações Entre Procrastinação, Estratégias de Enfrentamento e Resolução de Problemas Sociais em Estudantes Universitários
Authors: Fonseca Rodrigo , Soares Adriana
Published: November 2023

A vida universitária apresenta uma série de desafios para os ingressantes no Ensino Superior. Inúmeras pesquisas destacam a convergência de variáveis pessoais e contextuais no processo de adaptação universitária. Este estudo teve o objetivo de investigar a relação entre a resolução de problemas, as estratégias de enfrentamento e a procrastinação entre universitários. Participaram 200 estudantes brasileiros (M=22,87; DP=2,8), 174 eram da área de Ciências Humanas, 28 da área de Ciências Exatas, sendo 148 mulheres e 52 homens, que responderam a três instrumentos sobre modos de enfrentamento, procrastinação e resolução de problemas. Os dados foram coletados online em grupos de graduação nas faculdades e universidades que ofereciam cursos regulares. Os resultados indicaram que certos modos de enfrentamento e a procrastinação podem explicar, em parte, a capacidade de resolução de problemas. Em particular, o enfrentamento focado no problema e no suporte social e baixos níveis de procrastinação foram associadas à capacidade de resolução de problemas, principalmente no fator perseverança. Dessa forma, as características pessoais dos alunos podem contribuir para atingir melhores resultados acadêmicos, para superar seus obstáculos e para uma vivência acadêmica mais sensível.
Habilidades Pessoais e Efeito do Terapeuta sobre a Mudança Sintomática Inicial em Psicoterapia
Authors: Bittencourt Aline , Schuch Carolina , Serralta Fernanda
Published: November 2023

O efeito do terapeuta é a sua contribuição no resultado da psicoterapia em comparação com o resultado de outro terapeuta. Presume-se que a empatia do terapeuta seja um elemento-chave para a mudança terapêutica. Objetivo: examinar efeitos do terapeuta e da empatia em relação à mudança sintomática inicial no tratamento. Método: A amostra inicial foi de 41 terapeutas e 185 pacientes adultos em psicoterapia psicanalítica. Os terapeutas responderam a questionários sobre empatia e os pacientes responderam repetidamente a uma medida de resultado. Foi usado o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse para medir o efeito do terapeuta e a Regressão Hierárquica Multinível para avaliar o efeito de múltiplas facetas da empatia no resultado inicial do tratamento. Os cálculos excluíram terapeutas com menos de cinco pacientes e foram realizados numa subamostra de 16 terapeutas e 177 pacientes. Resultados: O efeito do terapeuta foi de 9,6%. A única faceta da empatia relacionada aos resultados iniciais foi a fantasia, com efeito geral de 0,71%. Conclusão: Embora a empatia do terapeuta supostamente seja crucial para os resultados, pouco se sabe sobre essa interação. A fantasia parece ter papel importante neste contexto, propiciando identificação do terapeuta com o paciente. Mais estudos são necessários.
Desamparo e Destrutividade na Adolescência: Um Estudo de Caso
Authors: Ungaretti Mariana , Falcão Carolina , Macedo Mônica
Published: November 2023

A leitura psicanalítica sobre a problemática adolescente evidencia sua condição transformadora na dinâmica pulsional do sujeito. Conflitivas psíquicas podem adquirir um caráter traumático nessa experiência, tornando-se fundamental investigar as condições adolescentes no necessário enfrentamento e trâmite dessas intensidades. Sabe-se que a partir desses movimentos podem decorrer vicissitudes subjetivantes ou dessubjetivantes à experiência psíquica de adolescer. Neste artigo, objetivou-se explorar as nuances de um processo adolescente a fim de ilustrar os efeitos do desamparo e de experiências traumáticas. Para tal, optou-se por realizar um estudo de caso, culminando em uma problematização teórico-clínica psicanalítica. Concluiu-se que, frente ao predomínio do traumático dessubjetivante, a destrutividade apresentou-se como importante elemento impeditivo de investimentos na vida de uma jovem adolescente. Assim, frente às representações de dor manifestadas na adolescência, a escuta psicanalítica consolida-se como importante recurso para que o sujeito possa reconhecer e nomear intensidades traumáticas, visando à possibilidade de significá-las psiquicamente e, assim, estabelecer recursos psíquicos frente aos impasses do devir.
Reflexões em Contextos de Ofensivas Antidemocráticas
Authors: Costa Frederico
Published: November 2023

O artigo retoma debates feitos durante o século XX em dois momentos históricos distintos e em contextos diferentes, mas que apresentam um aspecto central a uma configuração antidemocrática: o estabelecimento de uma fronteira política entre "nós" x "eles" a partir da consideração do "eles" como um inimigo a ser destruído. Retomamos discussões propostas no livro A Personalidade Autoritária, publicado por Theodor Adorno e colegas em 1950, e textos produzidos por Ignacio Martín-Baró nos anos 1980, no contexto de guerra civil em El Salvador. A retomada destes debates é realizada a fim de apresentar reflexões e possíveis saídas formuladas pelos autores para a ordem social que estavam interpelando e, a partir disso, tecer considerações sobre alguns aspectos que contribuem para a compreensão das ofensivas antidemocráticas na atualidade, considerando o fortalecimento da extrema-direita no Brasil e em outros países. Buscando apontar diálogos entre aquelas obras e o contexto contemporâneo, recorremos também à teoria democrática desenvolvida por Ernesto Laclau e por Chantal Mouffe. Considerar o que foi produzido no passado não como "peça de museu", mas como algo que instiga a reflexão sobre o passado e o presente é o que motiva a escrita deste texto.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE OS POSSÍVEIS IMPACTOS DA VIOLÊNCIA NAS ESCOLAS: percepções docentes sobre as causas, efeitos e prevenção
Authors: SILVA GILBERTO SOUSA , BARBOSA ERIOSVALDO LIMA , Seabra dos Santos André Felipe
Published: November 2023

O artigo apresenta reflexões acerca do aumento dos índices de violência nas escolas e busca dialogar sobre a percepção docente sobre as causas, efeitos e prevenção no intuito de ampliar pesquisas acadêmicas sobre este fenômeno que assola e amedronta gestores, professores, alunos e familiares na contemporaneidade. A pesquisa teve como embrião os diálogos realizados a partir da disciplina de seminário de pesquisa do programa de pós-graduação em Sociologia da Universidade Federal do Piauí, visto que no ano de 2023 os índices de violência nas escolas foram alarmantes, o que desencadeou a necessidade da realização do artigo. Objetivou-se identificar os possíveis impactos das violências reproduzidas em ambiente escolar. Além de reunir informações sobre as percepções docentes sobre as causas, efeitos e prevenção das violências em ambiente escolar. Os caminhos teóricos metodológicos percorridos pelo artigo, estão embasados em investigações bibliográficas por intermédio da literatura já produzida. Pode-se dizer ainda que em linhas gerais este processo deu-se pela busca de obras atualizadas e que apresentassem um alimento ao problema levantado por este artigo. Assim, buscou-se priorizar a inclusão de obras recentes, escolhidas por sua qualidade, relevância e problematização coerente com este artigo. Este caracteriza-se de um estudo qualitativo e quantitativo pelo fato de além de utilizar-se da literatura já produzida, aplicar uma pesquisa de campo por intermédio da ferramenta Google forms na qual foi divulgada e posteriormente respondida por seis professores e uma gestora de uma escola pública estadual da cidade de Pedreiras-MA, localizada à 283 km da capital São Luís do Maranhão. A partir dos resultados alcançados é possível refletir sobre a percepção dos profissionais da educação quanto à problemática da violência, que propaga o medo entre alunos, professores e afeta a qualidade do processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Conclui-se que é necessário atividades preventivas; rodas de conversa; campanhas; palestras; aproximação da escola às famílias e o estabelecimento de um diálogo aberto entre professores, alunos e familiares.  Essas ações podem facilitar o trabalho desenvolvido pela escola e manter um ambiente sadio e frutífero para boas relações entre os atores que constituem o ambiente escolar e o processo de combate à violência escolar.
A AVALIAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO EM UMA PERSPECTIVA GLOBAL: A INFLUÊNCIA DO MOVIMENTO EDUCAÇÃO PARA TODOS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DO SISTEMA DE AVALIAÇÃO BRASILEIRO.
Authors: Lima Jociene Araujo , Da Silva Cleidileny Ingrid Oliveira , De Oliveira Meyre Ester Barbosa
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar a influência das declarações mundiais do movimento Educação Para Todos (EPT), na construção do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB). No presente estudo, adota-se uma abordagem qualitativa, recorrendo a procedimentos de natureza bibliográfica e documental. Diálogos com Ribeiro (2019), Ball (2001; 2005; 2014) e Shiroma, Morais e Evangelista (2000) são essenciais nas inferências realizadas no decorrer das análises. Analisa-se os documentos produzidos pelo movimento (EPT) e publicados pela Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (UNESCO), a saber: “Declaração Mundial sobre Educação para Todos: Satisfação das Necessidades Básicas de Aprendizagem”, “Declaração de Dakar: o Marco de Ação de Dakar” e “Declaração de Incheon e Marco de Ação para a implementação do Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável 4”. Por meio das discussões e análises tecidas no escopo do trabalho, conclui-se que os organismos multilaterais influenciaram na proposição inicial do SAEB e nas mudanças realizadas nas edições posteriores.
EDUCAÇÃO À DISTÂNCIA: Desdobramentos em uma instituição da rede federal de educação, ciência e tecnologia
Authors: Maia Fernando Eduardo , Conceição Michele Ramos da Silva , Junior Niltom Vieira
Published: November 2023

O artigo aborda questões relativas à educação à Distância (EaD) no IFMG.  Modalidade em consonância com transformações tecnológicas e sociais das últimas décadas. O objetivo foi identificar o processo histórico, as teorias e as práticas para o aprendizado de adultos na EaD e o benefício social e econômico alcançado.  Observando na pesquisa que a finalidade da criação da EaD foi atender a demanda profissional de cada época. Porém, seus objetivos se modificaram de acordo com transformações sociais, econômicas e políticas ocorridas em cada tempo e espaço. No Brasil, a partir de década de 1990, a preocupação era a formação profissional acrescida de educação democrática que tivesse um viés social. Ao ofertar EaD aos excluídos da educação tradicional, pretendeu-se promover a justiça social, ao mesmo tempo em que se possibilitou atender as demandas do mercado. Foi utilizada a Plataforma Nilo Peçanha nessa pesquisa. O número de inscritos elucida o tamanho da procura por vagas, com a concorrência de três estudantes por vaga, e maior procura da faixa etária compreendida entre 35 e 39 anos. A taxa de evasão tem reduzido, mas ainda representa cenário desafiador, visto que suas motivações ainda são desconhecidas, dificultando a formulação efetiva de estratégias para o controle de evasão. E, finalmente, o indicador de eficiência acadêmica mostrou que o IFMG contribui positivamente com os índices que avaliam a finalização dos cursos por parte dos estudantes.
Self-similar pulse compression in a tapered Pb-silicate photonic crystal fiber at 2  µm
Authors: Hou Huizhen , Ning Tigang , Ma Changzheng , Wang Yong , Zhang Dan , Wang Wensheng , Gu Zhenyu , Jiang Wei , Pei Li
Published: November 2023

We report a 2-µm all-fiber nonlinear pulse compressor based on a tapered Pb-silicate photonic crystal fiber (PCF), which is capable of achieving large compression with low pedestal energy. A tapered Pb-silicate photonic crystal fiber with increased nonlinear coefficients is proposed for achieving self-similar pulse compression (SSPC) at 2 µm. The dynamic evolution of the fundamental order soliton is numerically analyzed based on the designed tapered fiber. After pulse compression in a tapered fiber with a length of 2.2 m, an initial 1.76 ps pulse can be compressed to 88 fs, increasing the peak power from 4.4 to 86 W with a compression factor of 20 and a quality factor of 98%. The results reveal that exponential variation yields superior compression performance and provides a promising solution for generating high-power femtosecond pulses at 2 µm.
Axial shift mapping: a self-referencing test for measuring the axial figure of near-cylindrical surfaces
Authors: Wisniewski Hayden J. , Heilmann Ralf K. , Schattenburg Mark L. , Chalifoux Brandon D.
Published: November 2023

Lateral shearing self-referencing interferometry methods shift the
surface under test between measurements to separate its topography
from that of the reference surface. However, rigid body errors occur
during shifting, creating an ambiguity in the quadratic term of the
extracted surfaces. We present axial shift mapping, a lateral shearing
self-referencing interferometry method for cylinders, in which the
quadratic ambiguity is resolved by measuring the rigid body errors
using known artifact mirrors residing in the interferometer’s field of
view. First, one-dimensional lines of a flat mirror are measured with
2.8 nm RMS difference compared to a three flat test. Then,
axial shift mapping is extended to cylindrical surfaces using a
computer generated hologram. We find that axial shift mapping results
in full surface extraction of cylindrical optics, along the axial
direction, with a repeatability of 4.4 nm RMS. We also find
that the reference surface extracted through axial shift mapping is
within 4.5 nm RMS of the transmitted wavefront error of the
computer generated hologram substrate, which was expected to be the
largest contribution of reference wavefront error.
Review of Microwave Photonic RF Channelizers based on Optical Kerr Microcombs
Authors: Moss David , Xu Xingyuan , tan mengxi
Published: November 2023

In recent decades, microwave photonic channelization has developed rapidly. Characterized by low loss, high versatility, large instantaneous bandwidth, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, microwave photonic channelization techniques coincides with the requirements of modern radar and electronic warfare for receivers. The advanced microresonator-based optical frequency combs are promising platforms for the research of the photonic channelized receivers, which take full advantage of multicarrier and large bandwidth, and accelerate the integration process of microwave photonic channelized receivers. In this paper, we review the research progress and trends in microwave photonic channelization, focusing on schemes that utilize integrated microcombs. Finally, we discuss the potentials of microcomb-based RF channelization, as well as the challenges and limitations, and provide routes and perspectives for future developments in the context of on-chip silicon-based photonics.
Understanding heterogeneous mechanisms of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction through cardiorenal mathematical modeling
Authors: Basu Sanchita , Yu Hongtao , Murrow Jonathan R. , Hallow K. Melissa
Published: November 2023

In contrast to heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), effective interventions for HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have proven elusive, in part because it is a heterogeneous syndrome with incompletely understood pathophysiology. This study utilized mathematical modeling to evaluate mechanisms distinguishing HFpEF and HFrEF. HF was defined as a state of chronically elevated left ventricle end diastolic pressure (LVEDP > 20mmHg). First, using a previously developed cardiorenal model, sensitivities of LVEDP to potential contributing mechanisms of HFpEF, including increased myocardial, arterial, or venous stiffness, slowed ventricular relaxation, reduced LV contractility, hypertension, or reduced venous capacitance, were evaluated. Elevated LV stiffness was identified as the most sensitive factor. Large LV stiffness increases alone, or milder increases combined with either decreased LV contractility, increased arterial stiffness, or hypertension, could increase LVEDP into the HF range without reducing EF. We then evaluated effects of these mechanisms on mechanical signals of cardiac outward remodeling, and tested the ability to maintain stable EF (as opposed to progressive EF decline) under two remodeling assumptions: LV passive stress-driven vs. strain-driven remodeling. While elevated LV stiffness increased LVEDP and LV wall stress, it mitigated wall strain rise for a given LVEDP. This suggests that if LV strain drives outward remodeling, a stiffer myocardium will experience less strain and less outward dilatation when additional factors such as impaired contractility, hypertension, or arterial stiffening exacerbate LVEDP, allowing EF to remain normal even at high filling pressures. Thus, HFpEF heterogeneity may result from a range of different pathologic mechanisms occurring in an already stiffened myocardium. Together, these simulations further support LV stiffening as a critical mechanism contributing to elevated cardiac filling pressures; support LV passive strain as the outward dilatation signal; offer an explanation for HFpEF heterogeneity; and provide a mechanistic explanation distinguishing between HFpEF and HFrEF.