bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MUD DIAPIR DI PERAIRAN SELATAN PULAU MADURA
Authors: Arifin Lukman , Kusnida Dida
Published: October 2018

Shallow seismic reflection study along the southern water of Madura Island indicates the occurrence of diapir and sediment bearing gas. Normally, the occurrence of diapirism is associated with sediment bearing gas. These phenomena can be observed along the southern waters of Madura, from Sampang until Kalianget. Diapir, fault, and gas charged sediment are indicated as the geological hazard. Offshore infrastructures and drillings have to consider the present phenomena because they can destroy those infrastructures.

Key word: diapir, fault, gas, geological hazard, Sampang

Penelitian seismik pantul dangkal di perairan selatan P. Madura menunjukkan adanya diapir di dalam lapisan sedimen yang mengandung gas. Biasanya keberadaan diapir diikuti oleh adanya lapisan sedimen yang mengandung gas. Gejala ini dapat diamati di sekitar perairan pantai selatan Madura,mulai dari perairan Sampang hingga ke Kalianget. Diapir,sesar, dan gas dalam sedimen diindikasikan sebagai bahaya geologi. Pembangunan atau pemboran di pantai dan lepas pantai harus mewaspadai keberadaan diapir dan gas dalam lapisan sedimen. Di tempat ini struktur tanahnya labil dan dapat menimbulkan kerusakan bangunan di atasnya.

Kata kunci: diapir, sesar,gas, bahaya geologi, Sampang
HUBUNGAN KEBERADAAN MINERAL KASITERIT DENGAN BESAR BUTIR BERDASARKAN DATA SEDIMEN PERMUKAAN DI PERAIRAN KUNDUR - MENDOL
Authors: Setiady Deny , Kamiludin Udaya
Published: October 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran kandungan mineral kasiterit pada sedimen dasar laut hubungannya dengan besar butir sedimen. Contoh sedimen diambil menggunakan pemercontoh comot sebanyak 46 contoh sedimen dan menggunakan penginti gaya berat (gravity core) sebanyak 14 contoh. Sebaran Sedimen Permukaan Dasar Laut di daerah selidikan terdiri dari: Lanau (Z), Lanau pasiran (sZ), Lumpur (M), Pasir dan kerikil pasiran (sG).
Kandungan kasiterit antara 0,0006% - 0,04124%, tersebar luas mulai dari lembah perairan Kundur barat sampai dengan laut lepas kedalaman laut antara 10 - 24 m.
Kasiterit ditemukan umumnya pada 16 sampel sedimen permukaan dasar laut yang dianalisis. Kasiterit ditemukan pada sedimen dengan ukuran butir pasir sampai kerikil, menunjukkan bahwa proses transportasinya belum begitu jauh dari batuan sumber.

Kata Kunci: mineral kasiterit, pasir dan kerikil pasiran, Kundur - Mendol

The aim of the study is to know the distribution of cassiterite minerals content in seafloor sediment in relation to sedimentary grain size. Fourty six samples were taken by using a grab sampler, and fourteen (14) samples were taken by using a gravity corer. Sea bottom surficial sediment in the study area consists of silt, sandy silt, mud, sand and sandy gravel.
The cassiterite content are between 0,0006% - 0,04124%, they distribute along the west Kundur valley area in between10 â€“ 24 m depth.
Cassiterite minerals are found in sixty seafloor sediment samples which have been analysed. Cassiterite minerals generally founded in sand to gravel sediment grain size, and they show that sedimentary process is not far from source rock.

Keywords: cassiterite mineral, sand and sandy gravel, Kundur â€“ Mendol.
KARAKTERISTIK PANTAI DI KAWASAN PESISIR TIMUR PULAU NATUNA BESAR, KABUPATEN NATUNA, PROPINSI RIAU
Authors: Astjario Prijantono , Setiady Deny
Published: October 2018

Kawasan pesisir timur pulau Natuna Basar memiliki garis pantai yang bervariasi, dari pantai berpasir, pantai berbatu hingga pantai berbakau. Tipe pantai barbakau hanya menempati pada kawasan muara-muara sungai yang sangat dangkal dan berlumpur. Sedangkan pantai berpasir adalah tipe pantai yang mendominasi kawasan pesisir timur pulau Natuna Besar, memanjang dari utara hingga selatan. Pantai berbatu adalah pesisir pantai dengan bongkah granit yang tersebar di kaki Gunung Ranai.
Sebaran bongkah granit secara tidak beraturan dan tumpang tindih di kawasan pesisir menyebabkan garis pantai ini menjadi garis pantai yang bernilai wisata tinggi. Bongkah granit ini adalah bagian dari batholit granit Ranai yang merupakan batuan dasar dari kawasan kepulauan Natuna.

Kata kunci : pantai, bakau, wisata, bongkah.

East coast of Natuna Besar island has variation beach lines, sandy beach, stony beach and mangrove beach. Apparently type of mangrove beach develops in the river mouths, which are muddy and shallow. Sandy beach dominated eastern coast of Natuna Besar island, distributs form the north to the south coast. Stony beach is a coast with boulders of granite in the foot mountain of Ranai.
Distribution of Granite boulders are disorientation and unorganized along the east coast, because of these, the coast line has highly tourism value. Granite boulders are part of batholite Ranai granite which is base rock of Natuna islands.

Keywords : coast, mangrove, tourism, boulder.
PENELITIAN TIMAH PLASER MELALUI ANALISIS SAYATAN OLES DAN GEOKIMIA : STUDI KASUS PERAIRAN TELUK PINANG, PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Darlan Yudi , Kamiludin Udaya
Published: October 2018

Kebutuhan pasar dunia akan timah meningkat, sehingga pencarian sumberdaya timah banyak dilakukan, termasuk kawasan perairan Riau, Bangka dan Belitung. Bijih timah dalam mineral kasiterit mempunyai Berat Jenis tinggi, sehingga endapan timah alluvium akan tersebar di sekitar sumber asal timah. Analisis geokimia merupakan salah satu metoda yang digunakan untuk menjawab apakah timah dan logam lainnya dalam bentuk unsur berpotensi sebagai sumber daya. Kandungan unsur logam timah yang terdapat pada sedimen permukaan di sekitar aliran dan muara sungai kurang dari 10ppm lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan kandungan unsur logam timah yang ada pada sedimen permukaan dasar laut (20ppm â€“ 80ppm).

Kata kunci: timah plaser, analisis sayatan oles dan geokimia, sedimen permukaan, Teluk Pinang, Provinsi Riau

The demand of world trades for tin is high, hence explorations for resources of tin in the world, for example Riau, Bangka, and Blitung of Indonesia waters have been carried out. Tin ores of cassiterite has high density, therefore alluvial tin deposits will distributes near their resources. Geochemical analyses is one of the methods which is applied to explain that are tin and heavy metals deposits are prospect at the study area. This is as a main aim of research at Teluk Pinang waters and adjacent areas. The content of tin metal element contained in surface sediments in the river streams and rmouth less than 10ppm is smaller than the content of tin metal element exist on the seafloor surface sediment (20ppm - 80ppm).

Key words: placer tin, smear slides and geochemistry analyses, surfacial sediment, The Pinang Bay, Riau Province
IDENTIFIKASI SUB-CEKUNGAN DI CEKUNGAN TOMINI BAGIAN SELATAN, BERDASARKAN PENAMPANG SEISMIK 2D DAN ANOMALI GAYA BERAT
Authors: Subarsyah Subarsyah , Sahudin Sahudin
Published: October 2018

Sub-cekungan di Cekungan Tomini dapat diidentifikasi dari penampang seismik di lintasan 28, 30, 32 dan data anomali gayaberat. Dengan mengkorelasikan kedua data tersebut maka dapat diperlihatkan batas sub cekungan.
Batas tepian cekungan berada pada anomali gaya berat antara 80 sampai -80 mgal. Berdasarkan data seismik ketebalan sedimen di sub cekungan ini relatif menebal ke arah barat, begitu juga dengan luas dari sub cekungan ini yang meluas ke arah barat. Secara umum ketebalan sedimen di sub- cekungan ini lebih tebal dibanding sub cekungan di bagian utara.

Kata Kunci : Sub-cekungan, penampang seismik, anomali gaya berat, Tomini.

Sub-basin in the Basin Tomini can be identified from the seismic section in track 28, 30, 32 and gravity anomaly data. By correlating the data, it can be shown sub-basin boundary.
Limits marginal basin located on the gravity anomaly between 80 to -80 mgal. Based on seismic data in the sub-basin sediment thickness is relatively thick to the west, as well as the extent of this sub-basin that extends to the west. In general, the thickness of sediment in the sub basin is thicker than the sub-basins in the northern part.

Keywords: sub-basin, seismic section, gravity anomaly, Tomini.
FENOMENA SEDIMENT CLOUD DI PERAIRAN TANJUNG PONTANG BANTEN
Authors: Astawa Nyoman , Kurnio Hananto , Arifin Lukman
Published: October 2018

Penafsiran data rekaman strata box dari daerah penelitian menunjukkan 2 (dua) runtunan akustik yaitu runtunan A, dan runtunan B. Kontak antara runtunan A dengan B berupa kontak toplap atau pepat erosi. Runtunan B adalah runtunan termuda yang proses pengendapannya masih berlangsung sampai sekarang.
Dalam rekaman strata box banyak ditemukan pantulan dalam bersifat keruh di dalam kolom air. Hal tersebut diperkirakan berupa gambaran reflektor sediment cloud (awan sedimen). Munculnya sediment cloud diperkirakan ada kaitannya dengan aktivitas gunung api yang ada di daerah penelitian (Gunung Karang). Sediment cloud terjadi akibat adanya tekanan fluida yang berasal dari bawah permukaan dasar laut, yang menerobos ke permukaan dasar laut, disertai dengan muatan material sedimen. Sebaran sediment cloud di daerah penelitian cukup luas, sehingga sangat menarik untuk diteliti lebih lanjut.

Kata kunci : Rekaman strata box, penafsiran, sediment cloud, gunung api.

Strata box records interpretation from the study area indicate two sequences, those are sequence A and sequence B. Sequence A is separated from sequence B by toplap contact. Sequence B is the youngest sequence in the study area is which its deposition still active until now.
In the strata box records the chaotic reflection features are found in its water column. These features are assumed as sediment clouds. The appearance of these clouds in the study area is possibly related to volcano activities (Karang Volcano). This phenomenon is occurred due to fluid pressure derived from sub-seabottom, followed by sediment material blow out. The sediment clouds are widely distributed, thus it is interesting to be further studied.

Key words : Strata box records, interpretation, sediment cloud, volcano.
MODEL 2D PENGARUH GAYA HORIZONTAL ARUS PADA PEMECAH GELOMBANG DI TPI PANCER JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Novico Franto , Sahudin Sahudin
Published: October 2018

Perencanaan pemecah gelombang yang baik seharusnya dilakukan tidak hanya dengan mempertimbangkan aspek geologi dan geoteknik namun juga arus sebagai gaya horizontal yang bekerja pada pemecah gelombang. Berdasarkan desain pemecah gelombang pada penelitian terdahulu, maka dilakukan analisa pemodelan pemecah gelombang yang difokuskan pada parameter arus yang bekerja di struktur pemecah gelombang. Kecepatan arus ditransformasikan menjadi gaya horizontal untuk masing-masing skenario model, dimana model dibuat dalam bentuk dua dimensi elemen terbatas dengan analisis linear elastis untuk setiap skenario model. Model telah dibuat dengan menerapkan 8 meter tinggi pemecah gelombang dan 1kN/m2 gaya horizontal untuk disimulasikan. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapatkan maka dapat diketahui bahwa perpindahan terbesar yang terjadi adalah sebesar 46,25 x 10-3 m. Sehingga gaya arus dapat dikatakan tidak menyebabkan keruntuhan atau perubahan yang besar pada struktur pemecah gelombang.

Kata Kunci: Gaya Arus, Pemecah Gelombang TPI Pancer, Plaxis V.8.2

Achieving a good design of a breakwater should be completed not only considering a geology and geotechnical aspect but also calculating a current as horizontal force. Based on previous breakwater design thus, it has been completed analysis of breakwater model where a model was created with concentrate within current force on breakwater. Current velocity is transformed to horizontal force where two dimension finite element and linear elastic model were applied for each model scenarios.
Model has been created within 8 meters high of breakwater and 1 kN/m2 of current force to be simulated. Based on the result, it can be seen the biggest displacement that occurred 46,25*10-3 m. Therefore, the breakwater does not have a big deformation or failure that caused by current force.

Keywords: Current forces, Breakwater, TPI Pancer, Plaxis V.8.2
POLA ANOMALI MAGNET LOKAL DARI APLIKASI TREND SURFACE ANALYSIS (TSA) PADA PEMETAAN GEOLOGI KELAUTAN BERSISTEM DI PERAIRAN SELAT MALAKA SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Ilahude Delyuzar , Rachmat Beben
Published: October 2018

Analisis intensitas magnet dari penerapan metode TSA orde ke 2 menunjukkan nilai anomali lokal yang cukup signifikan dari pemisahan nilai anomali magnet total di perairan Selat Malaka. Kontur anomali lokal yang dihasilkan diduga berkaitan dengan pola struktur geologi busur belakang Sumatera Utara.

Kata kunci : anomali lokal, metode TSA

Analysis of magnetic intensity using 2nd orde of the TSA method shows a significant value of local anomaly from the separation of total magnetic anomaly value in the Malaka Strait waters. Contour of the local anomaly resulted is assumed to be correlated with the geological structure pattern of back arc of North Sumatera.

Keyword : local anomaly, TSA method
Natureza e sociedade no pensamento de Thoreau: do transcendentalismo ao ambientalismo
Authors: Eberle Rocha René
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo pretende abordar a noção de natureza e sociedade no pensamento do filosofo do transcendentalismo estadunidense Henry David Thoreau, apontando a influência de suas ideias para o desenvolvimento do pensamento ambientalista da sociedade do pós-segunda guerra. Vê-se o nascimento de diversos movimentos de juventude neste período, sobretudo, do movimento verde transformado em movimento social, tendo na defesa do meio ambiente sua principal preocupação, reivindicando medidas de proteção ambiental, além de uma ampla mudança nos hábitos e valores da sociedade de modo a estabelecer um novo paradigma de vida sustentável. O estudo se baseia em uma obra específica, Walden: ou Vida nos Bosques, considerada ainda hoje uma “Ode” ao ambientalismo; obra onde Thoreau procura aproximar o indivíduo da vida bucólica, colocando o homem como ser pensante, capaz de produzir bens para a sobrevivência em completa harmonia com o que a natureza poderia proporcionar.
A fragilização da democracia no Brasil: uma análise das emendas constitucionais sem participação popular
Authors: Manaf Marcos A.
Published: October 2018

A Constituição Federal brasileira possui normas jurídicas vigentes enquanto conveniente à Sociedade Civil, precipuamente, em atender seus interesses ao visar o bem comum, e desde que produza efeitos de segurança e garantia jurídica, em caso contrário, prevê o próprio texto constitucional que ela poderá ser modificada, no sentido de ser a norma melhorada por outra norma, que possa garantir certa estabilidade social. Assim, a Constituição é a norma fundamental no ordenamento jurídico, em seu conjunto apresenta normas cogentes cuja incidência não pode ser afastada pela simples vontade privada ou pública, como também normas que vedam ou impõem certos comportamentos. Dessa forma, o poder político, em sede de Poder Legislativo, quando promulga emendas à Constituição, ao deixar de tomar medidas necessárias como autorização de referendos ou convocação de plebiscitos, como exercício da soberania popular à realização concreta do Poder Constituinte reformador, pode estar agindo em desacordo e desrespeito aos preceitos e princípios consignados na Constituição. Como poder constituído, esta conduta de abstenção, do Poder Legislativo, em descumprir o dever de prestação à sociedade, pela qual a Constituição lhe impõe, incide em violação do texto constitucional.
A experiência do conselho municipal de saúde de Araraquara: análise sobre a participação popular na esfera pública
Authors: Masteguin Lucas
Published: October 2018

Este artigo apresenta, a partir dos pressupostos teóricos de Bourdieu, Chantal Mouffe e Habermas, os fatores que incidem na qualidade da participação popular em esferas públicas de tomadas de decisões, especificamente no Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Araraquara.
Hybrid Selection and Agronomic Management to Lessen the Continuous Corn Yield Penalty
Authors: Vogel Alison M. , Below Frederick E.
Published: October 2018

Yield reductions occur when corn (Zea mays L.) is continuously grown compared to when it is rotated with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]; primarily due to soil nitrogen availability, corn residue accumulation, and the weather. This study was conducted to determine if a combination of agronomic practices could help overcome these causative factors of the continuous corn yield penalty (CCYP) to obtain increased corn yields. Field experiments conducted during 2014 and 2015 at Champaign, IL, U.S.A. assessed the yield penalty associated with continuous corn verses long-term corn following soybean. Agronomic management was assessed at a standard level receiving only a base rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and compared to an intensive level, which consisted of additional N, P, K, S, Zn, and B fertility at planting, sidedressed nitrogen fertilizer, and a foliar fungicide application. Two levels of plant population (79,000 verses 111,000 plants ha−1) and eight different commercially-available hybrids were evaluated each year. Across all treatments, the CCYP was 1.53 and 2.72 Mg ha−1 in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Intensive agronomic management improved grain yield across rotations (2.17 Mg ha−1 in 2014 and 2.28 Mg ha−1 in 2015), and there was a 40 to 60% greater yield response to intensive management in continuous corn verses the corn-soybean rotation, suggesting intensified management as a method to mitigate the CCYP. With select hybrids, intensive management reduced the CCYP by 30 to 80%. Agronomic management and hybrid selection helped alleviate the CCYP demonstrating continuous corn can be managed for better productivity.
Tolerance of Broilers to Dietary Supplementation with High Levels of the DHA-Rich Microalga, Aurantiochytrium Limacinum: Effects on Health and Productivity
Authors: Moran Colm , Currie Douglas , Keegan Jason , Knox Anne
Published: October 2018

It is well established that the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content of commonly consumed meats, such as chicken, can be increased through dietary supplementation with DHA-rich ingredients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the tolerance of broilers to dietary supplementation with the unextracted biomass of a DHA-rich microalgae Aurantiochytrium limacinum, so as to ensure its safety, since it is accumulated in broiler meat. Healthy day-old male Ross 308 chicks (n = 1120) were evenly distributed to 32 pens (35 chicks per pen), with pens randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments, each having eight replicates. The dietary groups included one untreated control and three treatments corresponding to three inclusion levels (0.5, 2.5, and 5.0%) of All-G-Rich®, with the birds receiving the experimental diets ad libitum during the study (day 0–42). Bird survival, blood parameters, productivity, and breast and thigh DHA content were determined after 42 days of feeding. Supplementation at up to 10 times the intended use level had no negative effects on the mortality, blood parameters or productivity of the birds, while significant increases in the meat DHA content were observed. These results indicate that supplementation with Aurantiochytrium limacinum is a safe and effective way to increase broiler tissue DHA content.
Determination of Three Main Chlorogenic Acids in Water Extracts of Coffee Leaves by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to an Electrochemical Detector
Authors: Rodríguez-Gómez Rocío , Vanheuverzwjin Jérôme , Souard Florence , Delporte Cédric , Stevigny Caroline , Stoffelen Piet , De Braekeleer Kris , Kauffmann Jean-Michel
Published: October 2018

Coffee is a beverage widely consumed in the world. The coffee species most commercialized worldwide are Arabica (Coffea arabica) and Robusta (Coffea canephora). Roasted coffee beans are the most used, but coffee leaves are also consumed as infusion in several countries for traditional medicinal purposes. They contain several interesting phenolic antioxidant compounds mainly belonging to chlorogenic acids (CGAs). In the present work, a liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection (LC-EC) method was developed for the determination of three main chlorogenic acid isomers, namely 3-, 4-, and 5-caffeoylquinic acids (CQA), in coffee leaves aqueous extracts. Samples from eight coffee species, namely; Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora, Coffea liberica, Coffea humilis, Coffea mannii, Coffea charrieriana, Coffea anthonyi, and Coffea liberica var. liberica, were grown and collected in tropical greenhouses. Linearity of the calibration graphs was observed in the range from the limit of quantification to 1.0 × 10−5 M, with R2 equal to 99.9% in all cases. High sensitivity was achieved with a limit of detection of 1.0 × 10−8 M for 3-CQA and 5-CQA (i.e., 3.5 µg/L) and 2.0 × 10−8 M for 4-CQA (i.e., 7.1 µg/L). The chromatographic profile of the samples harvested for each Coffea species was studied comparatively. Obtained raw data were pretreated for baseline variations and shifts in retention times between the chromatographic profiles. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the pretreated data. According to the results, three clusters of Coffea species were found. In the water sample extracts, 5-CQA appeared to be the major isomer, and some species contained a very low amount of CQAs. Fluctuations were observed depending on the Coffea species and harvesting period. Significant differences between January and July were noticed regarding CQAs content. The species with the best CQAs/caffeine ratio was identified. The LC-EC data were validated by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS).
An Integrated Object Tracking and Covert Visual MIMO Communication Service for Museum Security System Using Single Vision Sensor
Authors: Manikandan C. , Rakesh Kumar S. , Sai Siva Satwik K. , Neelamegam P. , Narasimhan K. , Raju N.
Published: October 2018

This paper explores the spatial coverage potential of a vision sensor to implement a dual service for a museum security system. Services include object monitoring and invisible visual Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication. For object monitoring, the Kalman filter algorithm is used. To implement a secret visual MIMO communication, an Adaptive Row-Column (ARC)-based LSB substitution technique is used along with the Integer Wavelet Transform method. These proposed services are implemented using existing electronic visual displays and surveillance cameras. Experiments are carried out using a sample object and four stego images. The performance of the object tracking system is measured in terms of accuracy by comparing the actual and estimated position of an object. Similarly, the performance of the covert visual MIMO system is measured at two different stages. On the transmitter side, differences between the cover and stego-images are used to measure imperceptibility. Likewise, at the receiver, differences between the original and the reconstructed data images are used to measure the accuracy. Results illustrate that the proposed system has improved imperceptibility, accuracy, and robustness, as compared to existing techniques.
Development of Sustainable Technology to Mitigate VOCs Pollution from Air Using a Continuous System Composed of Fe-ZSM-5 Coated on Polypropylene Tubes Coupled with UV Irradiation at the Pilot Scale
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Sajjad Muhammad , Kim Suho , Saifuddin Md , Kim Kwang
Published: October 2018

In this work, the efficacy of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene, for the removal of indoor air in a heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalytic semi pilot reactor was investigated at room temperature. Fe-zeolite socony mobil (ZSM)-5 was used as the adsorptive catalytic material, which was coated on the polyethylene tubes as a solid support. The response of Fe-ZSM-5 to UV dry irradiation was investigated in terms of VOC degradation from the indoor air. Different coating materials were tested in order to achieve better binding and less pore blockage. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs of the Fe-ZSM-5 coated tubes were used for the morphological analysis of the tubes. A complete modular semi pilot reactor (12.51 L) was designed to accommodate the Fe-ZSM-5 coated tubes and UV lamps for UV irradiation, in order to achieve the degradation for VOC and the regeneration of the catalytic material. After completion of the setup, the plant design parameters, such as the linear velocity, surface volume loading rate (SVL), and space retention time (SRT), were calculated.
Imogolite Nanotubes: A Flexible Nanoplatform with Multipurpose Applications
Authors: Paineau Erwan
Published: October 2018

Among a wide variety of inorganic nanotubes, imogolite nanotubes (INTs) represent a model of nanoplatforms with an untapped potential for advanced technological applications. Easily synthesized by sol-gel methods, these nanotubes are directly obtained with a monodisperse pore size. Coupled with the possibility to adjust their surface properties by using straightforward functionalization processes, INTs form a unique class of diameter-controlled nanotubes with functional interfaces. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with an overview of the synthesis and functionalization of INTs. The properties of INTs will be stated afterwards into perspective with the recent development on their applications, in particular for polymer/INTs nanocomposites, molecular confinement or catalysis.
Temporal Action Detection in Untrimmed Videos from Fine to Coarse Granularity
Authors: Yao Guangle , Lei Tao , Liu Xianyuan , Jiang Ping
Published: October 2018

Temporal action detection in long, untrimmed videos is an important yet challenging task that requires not only recognizing the categories of actions in videos, but also localizing the start and end times of each action. Recent years, artificial neural networks, such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) improve the performance significantly in various computer vision tasks, including action detection. In this paper, we make the most of different granular classifiers and propose to detect action from fine to coarse granularity, which is also in line with the people’s detection habits. Our action detection method is built in the ‘proposal then classification’ framework. We employ several neural network architectures as deep information extractor and segment-level (fine granular) and window-level (coarse granular) classifiers. Each of the proposal and classification steps is executed from the segment to window level. The experimental results show that our method not only achieves detection performance that is comparable to that of state-of-the-art methods, but also has a relatively balanced performance for different action categories.
Electricity Production from Marine Water by Sulfide-Driven Fuel Cell
Authors: Beschkov Venko , Razkazova-Velkova Elena , Martinov Martin , Stefanov Stefan
Published: October 2018

While there is a universal trend to replace fossil fuels at least partially, renewable fuels seem to impose new solutions. Hydrogen sulfide, typical for closed water ponds such as the Black Sea, seems to offer one namely, a new sulfide-driven fuel cell providing for exchange of OH− anions across the membrane by use of hydrogen sulfide in natural marine water. When tested in batch and continuous operation modes, this solution showed that the initial sulfide concentration needed to achieve results of practical value was within 200 to 300 mg dm−3. The predominating final products of the energy production process were sulfite and sulfate ions. Very low overpotentials and mass transfer resistances were observed. The mass balance and the electrochemical parameters showed about 30% efficiency in sulfate ions as the final product. Efforts should be made to enhance sulfide to sulfate conversion. The observed current and power density were comparable and even better than some of the results so far reported for similar systems. Three types of ion exchange membranes were tested. Comparison of their ion conductivity to literature data shows good performance. At higher initial sulfide concentrations polysulfides and thio-compounds were formed with considerably low current yield.
The Influence of Dynamic Tissue Properties on HIFU Hyperthermia: A Numerical Simulation Study
Authors: Tan Qiaolai , Zou Xiao , Ding Yajun , Zhao Xinmin , Qian Shengyou
Published: October 2018

Accurate temperature and thermal dose prediction are crucial to high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) hyperthermia, which has been used successfully for the non-invasive treatment of solid tumors. For the conventional method of prediction, the tissue properties are usually set as constants. However, the temperature rise induced by HIFU irradiation in tissues will cause changes in the tissue properties that in turn affect the acoustic and temperature field. Herein, an acoustic–thermal coupling model is presented to predict the temperature and thermal damage zone in tissue in terms of the Westervelt equation and Pennes bioheat transfer equation, and the individual influence of each dynamic tissue property and the joint effect of all of the dynamic tissue properties are studied. The simulation results show that the dynamic acoustic absorption coefficient has the greatest influence on the temperature and thermal damage zone among all of the individual dynamic tissue properties. In addition, compared with the conventional method, the dynamic acoustic absorption coefficient leads to a higher focal temperature and a larger thermal damage zone; on the contrary, the dynamic blood perfusion leads to a lower focal temperature and a smaller thermal damage zone. Moreover, the conventional method underestimates the focal temperature and the thermal damage zone, compared with the simulation that was performed using all of the dynamic tissue properties. The results of this study will be helpful to guide the doctors to develop more accurate clinical protocols for HIFU treatment planning.
Development of Efficient and Accurate Parallel Computation Algorithm Using Moving Overset Grids on Background Multi-Domains for Complex Two-Phase Flows
Authors: Ha Minho , Cheong Cheolung , Seol Hanshin , Paik Bu-Geun , Kim Min-Jae , Jung Young-Rae
Published: October 2018

The goal of this study involves developing an efficient and accurate parallel computation method for two-phase flow problems including complex moving foreign bodies. The proposed parallel computing techniques are based on the moving body-fitted grids’ overset on background multidomains with grid-overlapping at their interface. First, the cavitation flow over the hemispherical head form is investigated using the two-phase flow solver, which is validated by comparing the numerical and experimental results. Subsequently, the parallel computing technique based on the multidomain method that divides the computational domain into several smaller subdomains is proposed to facilitate more efficient numerical simulations. At the interface of the subdomains, the grid-overlapping method is proposed for more accurate simulations. The illustrative computations indicate that the accuracy of the parallel computation combined with the grid-overlapping method on multidomains is identical to that of the serial computation based on a single block, albeit with a significant reduction in the computation time. Finally, the moving overset grid technique is combined with the background multidomain method and applied to simulate the gust flow that is generated by the pitching motions of the twin hydrofoils. The overset grid technique includes the following three sequential steps: hole-cutting, finding donor cells, and bilinear interpolation. The prediction results for the inflow gust generated by oscillating hydrofoils closely follow the measured results.
A New Cost Function Combining Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and l2,1-Norm with Extraction of Robust Facial and Superpixels Features in Age Estimation
Authors: Abu Mallouh Arafat , Qawaqneh Zakariya , Barkana Buket D.
Published: October 2018

Automatic age estimation from unconstrained facial images is a challenging task and it recently has gained much attention due to its wide range of applications. In this paper, we propose a new model based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and l2,1-norm to select age-related features for the age estimation task. A new cost function is proposed. To learn and train the new model, we provide the analysis and the proof for the convergence of the new cost function to solve minimization problem of deep neural networks (DNNs) and the l2,1-norm. High-level features are extracted from the facial images by using transfer learning, since there are currently not enough large age databases that can be used to train a deep learning network. Then, the extracted features are fed to the proposed model to select the most efficient age-related features. In addition, a new system that is based on DNN to jointly fine-tune two different DNNs with two different feature sets is developed. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods and achieved the state-of-art performance on a public database.
Comparison of Current Five-Point Cylindricity Error Separation Techniques
Authors: Liu Wenwen , Hu Penghao , Fan Kuangchao
Published: October 2018

Cylindricity is a kind of three-dimensional form distortion of a cylinder. An accurate in situ measurement of cylindricity is relatively complex because measuring and reconstructing cylindrical profile and evaluating out-of-cylindricity should be involved. Any method of in situ measuring cylindricity must solve a common issue, i.e., to eliminate spindle error motions and carriage error motions during measurement and reconstruction. Thus, error separation techniques have played an important role in in situ cylindricity measurement through multipoint detections. Although several valuable five-point methods for in situ measurement of cylindrical profile have been proposed up to present, namely the parallel scan, spiral scan, and V-block scan, there are obvious differences in many aspects, such as the arrangement of probes, error separation model, reconstruction method, adaptability to service environment, accuracy and reliability in practical application, etc. This paper presents the evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages in theory and the actual measurement based on the standard ISO 12180. Suggestions for best meeting the requirements of modern manufacturing and the most prospective one for industrial applications are also given.
Simulation of Cyclic Deformation Behavior of Selective Laser Melted and Hybrid-Manufactured Aluminum Alloys Using the Phase-Field Method
Authors: Siddique Shafaqat , Awd Mustafa , Wiegold Tillmann , Klinge Sandra , Walther Frank
Published: October 2018

Selective laser melting process has already been developed for many metallic materials, including steel, aluminum, and titanium. The quasistatic properties of these materials have been found to be comparable or even better than their conventionally-manufactured counterparts; however, for their reliable applications in operational components, their fatigue behavior plays a critical role, which is dominated by several process-related features, like surface roughness, remnant porosity, microstructure, and residual stresses, which are controlled by the processing features, like imparted energy density to the material, its corresponding solidification behavior, the cooling rate in the process, as well as post-processing treatments. This study investigates the influence of these parameters on the cyclic deformation behavior of selective laser melted as well as hybrid-manufactured aluminum alloys. The corresponding microstructural features and porosity conditions are evaluated for developing correlations between the process conditions to microstructure, the deformation behavior, and the corresponding fatigue lives. From the numerical point of view, damage development with respect to process-induced cyclic deformation behavior is assessed by the phase-field method, which has been identified as an appropriate method for the determination of fatigue life at the respective applied stress levels. Fatigue strength of SLM-processed parts is found better than their cast counterparts, while hybridization has further increased fatigue strength. No effect of test frequency on the fatigue life could be established.
Open Al-Andalus: Hispanic-Muslim Heritage Impact on Spanish Contemporary Architecture
Authors: Izquierdo Sara Núñez
Published: October 2018

Spanish architecture, towards the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, was characterized by the development of a variety of styles, including Neo-Muslim. The Alhambra of Granada, the Mosque of Cordoba, and the Giralda Tower of Seville, served as inspiration to the design of works that would follow these models, some to a greater extent than others, and would eventually give rise to an architectural trend that would make its way all across Spain. As such, this article attempts to provide some examples of said architecture found in different autonomous communities in Spain, examining them through four typologies, as well as to discuss the consideration and use of the Neo-Muslim style after the second half of the 20th century. The methodology behind this research involved extensive reading and analysis of both general and specific works on the subject, the study of archival materials relative to some of the selected buildings, about which preserved evidence was scarce, as well as taking photographs of the properties included in the text.
Phosphate Modified Screen Printed Electrodes by LIFT Treatment for Glucose Detection
Authors: Milano Francesco , Giotta Livia , Chirizzi Daniela , Papazoglou Simos , Kryou Christina , De Bartolomeo Annarita , De Leo Vincenzo , Guascito Maria Rachele , Zergioti Ioanna
Published: October 2018

The design of new materials as active layers is important for electrochemical sensor and biosensor development. Among the techniques for the modification and functionalization of electrodes, the laser induced forward transfer (LIFT) has emerged as a powerful physisorption method for the deposition of various materials (even labile materials like enzymes) that results in intimate and stable contact with target surface. In this work, Pt, Au, and glassy carbon screen printed electrodes (SPEs) treated by LIFT with phosphate buffer have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to reveal a flattening effect of all surfaces. The electrochemical characterization by cyclic voltammetry shows significant differences depending on the electrode material. The electroactivity of Au is reduced while that of glassy carbon and Pt is greatly enhanced. In particular, the electrochemical behavior of a phosphate LIFT treated Pt showed a marked enrichment of hydrogen adsorbed layer, suggesting an elevated electrocatalytic activity towards glucose oxidation. When Pt electrodes modified in this way were used as an effective glucose sensor, a 1–10 mM linear response and a 10 µM detection limit were obtained. A possible role of phosphate that was securely immobilized on a Pt surface, as evidenced by XPS analysis, enhancing the glucose electrooxidation is discussed.
Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Development of Biosensors: A Current Overview
Authors: Carrasco Sergio
Published: October 2018

This review focuses on the fabrication of biosensors using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as recognition and/or transducer elements. A brief introduction discussing the importance of the development of new biosensor schemes is presented, describing these coordination polymers, their properties, applications, and the main advantages and drawbacks for the final goal. The increasing number of publications regarding the characteristics of these materials and the new micro- and nanofabrication techniques allowing the preparation of more accurate, robust, and sensitive biosensors are also discussed. This work aims to offer a new perspective from the point of view of materials science compared to other reviews focusing on the transduction mechanism or the nature of the analyte. A few examples are discussed depending on the starting materials, the integration of the MOF as a part of the biosensor and, in a deep detail, the fabrication procedure.
Basal Levels of Salivary Alpha-Amylase Are Associated with Preference for Foods High in Sugar and Anthropometric Markers of Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Tarragon Ernesto , Stein Jakob , Meyer Jobst
Published: October 2018

Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) influences the perception of taste and texture, features both relevant in acquiring food liking and, with time, food preference. However, no studies have yet investigated the relationship between basal activity levels of sAA and food preference. We collected saliva from 57 volunteers (63% women) who we assessed in terms of their preference for different food items. These items were grouped into four categories according to their nutritional properties: high in starch, high in sugar, high glycaemic index, and high glycaemic load. Anthropometric markers of cardiovascular risk were also calculated. Our findings suggest that sAA influences food preference and body composition in women. Regression analysis showed that basal sAA activity is inversely associated with subjective but not self-reported behavioural preference for foods high in sugar. Additionally, sAA and subjective preference are associated with anthropometric markers of cardiovascular risk. We believe that this pilot study points to this enzyme as an interesting candidate to consider among the physiological factors that modulate eating behaviour.
SPARC Inhibits Metabolic Plasticity in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Naczki Christine , John Bincy , Patel Chirayu , Lafferty Ashlyn , Ghoneum Alia , Afify Hesham , White Michael , Davis Amanda , Jin Guangxu , Kridel Steven , Said Neveen
Published: October 2018

The tropism of ovarian cancer (OvCa) to the peritoneal cavity is implicated in widespread dissemination, suboptimal surgery, and poor prognosis. This tropism is influenced by stromal factors that are not only critical for the oncogenic and metastatic cascades, but also in the modulation of cancer cell metabolic plasticity to fulfill their high energy demands. In this respect, we investigated the role of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) in metabolic plasticity of OvCa. We used a syngeneic model of OvCa in Sparc-deficient and proficient mice to gain comprehensive insight into the paracrine effect of stromal-SPARC in metabolic programming of OvCa in the peritoneal milieu. Metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling of micro-dissected syngeneic peritoneal tumors revealed that the absence of stromal-Sparc led to significant upregulation of the enzymes involved in glycolysis, TCA cycle, and mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), and their metabolic intermediates. Absence of stromal-Sparc increased reactive oxygen species and perturbed redox homeostasis. Recombinant SPARC exerted a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, ATP production and ROS generation. Comparative analysis with human tumors revealed that SPARC-regulated ETC-signature inversely correlated with SPARC transcripts. Targeting mitochondrial ETC by phenformin treatment of tumor-bearing Sparc-deficient and proficient mice mitigated the effect of SPARC-deficiency and significantly reduced tumor burden, ROS, and oxidative tissue damage in syngeneic tumors. In summary, our findings provide novel insights into the role of SPARC in regulating metabolic plasticity and bioenergetics in OvCa, and shines light on its potential therapeutic efficacy.
Hydrogen Oxidation on Ni-Based Electrocatalysts: The Effect of Metal Doping
Authors: Davydova Elena S. , Zaffran Jérémie , Dhaka Kapil , Toroker Maytal Caspary , Dekel Dario R.
Published: October 2018

Carbon supported nanoparticles of monometallic Ni catalyst and binary Ni-Transition Metal (Ni-TM/C) electrocatalytic composites were synthesized via the chemical reduction method, where TM stands for the doping elements Fe, Co, and Cu. The chemical composition, structure and morphology of the Ni-TM/C materials were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The electrochemical properties towards hydrogen oxidation reaction in alkaline medium were studied using the rotating disc electrode and cycling voltammetry methods. A significant role of the TM dopants in the promotion of the hydrogen electrooxidation kinetics of the binary Ni-TM/C materials was revealed. A record-high in exchange current density value of 0.060 mA cm2Ni was measured for Ni3Fe1/C, whereas the monometallic Ni/C counterpart has only shown 0.039 mA cm2Ni. In order to predict the feasibility of the electrocatalysts for hydrogen chemisorption, density functional theory was applied to calculate the hydrogen binding energy and hydroxide binding energy values for bare Ni and Ni3TM1.
Recent Progress in the Transition Metal Catalyzed Synthesis of Indoles
Authors: Mancuso Raffaella , Dalpozzo Renato
Published: October 2018

Indole is the most frequently found heterocyclic core structures in pharmaceuticals, natural products, agrochemicals, dyes and fragrances. For about 150 years, chemists were absorbed in finding new and easier synthetic strategies to build this nucleus. Many books and reviews have been written, but the number of new syntheses that appear in the literature, make necessary continuous updates. This reviews aims to give a comprehensive overview on indole synthesis catalyzed by transition metals appeared in the literature in the years 2016 and 2017.
Superhydrophobic Bio-Coating Made by Co-Continuous Electrospinning and Electrospraying on Polyethylene Terephthalate Films Proposed as Easy Emptying Transparent Food Packaging
Authors: Pardo-Figuerez Maria , López-Córdoba Alex , Torres-Giner Sergio , Lagaron José M.
Published: October 2018

Interest in coated films with micro/nanofeatures has grown rapidly in recent years due to their enhanced functional performance and better durability under demanding contact conditions or aggressive environments. In the current work, it is reported a one-step co-continuous bilayer coating process to generate a multilayer film that rendered superhydrophobicity to a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. A continuous coating based on ultrathin polylactide (PLA) fibers was deposited onto PET films by means of electrospinning, which increased the water contact angle of the substrate. Sequentially, nanostructured silica (SiO2) microparticles were electrosprayed onto the coated PET/PLA films to achieve superhydrophobic behavior. This multilayer was then treated at different annealing temperatures, that is, 150 °C, 160 °C, and 170 °C, in order to create interlayers’ adhesion to each other and to the substrate. It was found that co-continuous deposition of PLA fibers and nanostructured SiO2 microparticles onto PET films constituted a useful strategy to increase the surface hydrophobicity of the PET substrate, achieving an optimal apparent water contact angle of 170° and a sliding angle of 6°. Unfortunately, a reduction in background transparency was observed compared to the uncoated PET film, especially after electrospraying of the SiO2 microparticles but the films were seen to have a good contact transparency. The materials developed show significant potential in easy emptying transparent food packaging applications.