bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REPRESENTATIVIDADE NEGRA NA LITERATURA INFANTIL: o impacto de livros no desenvolvimento da autoestima de pessoas negras no longo prazo
Authors: Santos de Azevedo Tatiana , PEREIRA BARBOSA JOSE GERALDO , Dias de Faria Marina
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se o acesso a livros representativos da etnia africana durante a infância influencia na formação da autoestima de pessoas negras em longo prazo. Os resultados da aplicação de um questionário fechado a 86 jovens e adultos negros e entrevistas com 4 professores indicam que o acesso a livros representativos, em conjunto com outras ferramentas, pode propiciar um desenvolvimento mais saudável da autoestima de pessoas negras. Verificou-se também que ainda não existe um planejamento estruturado a respeito da abordagem desta temática, para garantir que os educadores estejam preparados para desenvolver o assunto em sala de aula.
A ATUAL POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL BRASILEIRA, O VELHO E O NOVO PNE: sem negar a reprodução e explorando contradições
Authors: Luduvice Paulo Vinicius Santos Sulli , Cerqueira Maria Raimunda Carvalho Araujo de , Martins Paulo Fernando de Melo
Published: February 2025

Com perspectiva histórica materialista este artigo tematiza a política pública educacional como produto de duas circunstâncias muito particulares: a) são legitimadas e reguladas pelo Estado burguês e b) são produtos e resultado das disputas e embates políticos entre as classes e frações de classes sociais. Os aspectos históricos e atuais sobre a política educacional e o PNE nos ajudam a afirmar que se as articulações e mobilizações em prol da aprovação e cumprimento do novo PNE se restringirem a repetir as mesmas práticas, articulações e mobilizações corporativas sem avançar na construção de um projeto popular para o Brasil que tenha como fundamento transformações estruturais na sociedade brasileira, estaremos fadados a vivenciar a repetição da história com relação ao não cumprimento do PNE e, por consequência, do próprio direito à educação. É imprescindível construir um trabalho perene, cotidiano pela base das organizações e movimentos que ultrapasse os limites ‘concedidos’ pelo Estado burguês.
POR UMA EDUCAÇÃO HUMANIZADORA, COOPERATIVA E TRANSDISCIPLINAR: análise do projeto pedagógico de uma escola da zona rural da Paraíba/Brasil
Authors: Lima Daniela da Costa Britto Pereira , Suanno Marilza Vanessa Rosa , Araújo Luiz Fernando Gonçalves da Silva
Published: February 2025

Neste artigo apresentamos resultados de pesquisa que analisou o Projeto Político Pedagógico de escola da zona rural da Paraíba/Brasil com o objetivo de verificar a perspectiva de educação e de didática na qual se fundamentam, dada a visibilidade midiática recebida. Qualitativamente analisamos o PPP da escola o que revelou concepções e práticas criativas, alinhadas a concepção de educação emancipadora com aproximações com a abordagem Didática Complexa e Transdisciplinar. O documento expressa intencionalidades e processos educativos contextualizados, com vivências auto-hetero-ecoformativas, processo de ensino-aprendizagem que estimulam o pensar complexo, libertador e transformador.
Gravity and Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Shi Jun Ze
Published: February 2025

Inspired by the author 's Riemann conjecture, this paper attempts to solve the contradiction between four dimensional spacetime and quantum mechanics in physics. Guided by Euler 's formula, two important ideas of collision and vibration are introduced. The document deeply discusses the relationship between substance dimension and energy, including the stability and change of dimension, the relationship between energy and substance, the relationship between time and dimension and so on. Through detailed assumptions and explanations, this paper provides a new perspective for us to understand the complexity of the substance world. It mainly introduces how substances of different dimensions interact, the generation and transformation of energy, and the influence of dimensional changes on substances. The following is a summary of the core content of the paper :substance dimension and energy, the influence of dimension change, the stability and change of dimension, the relationship between gravitational field and dimension, time and dimension, and the realization of dimension change.
From airport to school to hospital – the story of a rare SARS-CoV-2 virus variant import told with the help of patient swabs and wastewater-based epidemiology
Authors: Sachse Sven , Kraiselburd Ivana , Anastasiou Olympia E. , Elsner Carina , Goretzki Sarah Christina , Goer Stefan , Koldehoff Michael , Thomas Alexander , Schoth Jens , Voigt Sebastian , Roß Rudolf Stephan , Dittmer Ulf , Meyer Folker , Schmithausen Ricarda Maria
Published: February 2025

In December 2021, an outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.640.2 variant, potentially originating from Cameroon, was investigated among schoolchildren in Germany. The index case, an adult who had recently returned from a three-week stay in the Republic of Congo, introduced the variant into a school setting via their children, resulting in subsequent transmission within the school and ultimately to a hospital ward. Whole-genome sequencing of viral samples identified both B.1.640.1 and B.1.640.2 lineages. This outbreak highlights the unpredictable nature of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and emphasizes the importance of early detection and containment to mitigate transmission to high-risk populations. Notably, wastewater surveillance detected the variant during the study peri-od, reinforcing the utility of wastewater-based epidemiology as a complementary tool for early warning and containment of novel variants. These findings underline the critical need for timely research and adherence to quarantine measures to enhance outbreak control efforts.
Fine-Grained Synthetic Population Generation and Agent-Based Models for COVID-19 in Malta
Authors: Cuschieri Jurgen , Abela John
Published: February 2025

This study presents the development of a fine-grained COVID-19 agent-based
model (Agent-based Model (ABM)) specifically designed for Malta, leveraging
a synthetic population that captures the country’s demographic and tourism
characteristics. The research is structured into three phases.
In Phase 1, the SynthPops framework is extended to generate a statistically
accurate synthetic population, enriched with additional attributes such as
employment, education, BMI, and long-term illnesses. A detailed tourism model
is also integrated to reflect Malta’s unique visitor dynamics.
Phase 2 focuses on implementing the Agent-based Model (ABM), which
incorporates detailed daily itineraries, a contact network, and virus transmission
dynamics. Transmission is influenced by factors such as individual sociability,
contact duration, and public health interventions. The model is used to simulate
multiple intervention scenarios, producing epidemiological outcomes that align
closely with the input parameters and provide actionable insights.
In Phase 3, the study evaluates four computational strategies to optimise execution
time and scalability: single-node multiprocessing and three distributed
approaches using Dask Distributed. Among these, the actor-based strategy
demonstrates the best performance, achieving up to a 13-fold speed-up in specific
tasks and scaling effectively with population size. Testing on a high-performance
machine reveals that the model performs well for Malta’s population size, with
distributed setups showing potential for larger populations.
This research provides a robust and scalable framework for simulating COVID-
19 dynamics in islands such as Malta, offering valuable insights for public health
decision-making and highlighting computational strategies for efficient large-scale
simulations.
A Hip New Standard
Authors: Turner Naomi M. , Mayeda Marissa Song , De Lima Bryanna , Friess Darin , Doung Yee-Cheen , Drago Kathleen
Published: February 2025

Background:

Osteoporosis continues to be underdiagnosed and inadequately treated in older hip-fracture patients. Our aim was to improve the rate of osteoporosis treatment with IV bisphosphonate therapy in eligible patients admitted for hip-fracture surgery.

Methods:

The present study was designed as a quality improvement initiative using Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles at an academic medical center in Portland, Oregon, over 2.5 years. A protocol was developed (1) to administer IV zoledronate on postoperative day 2 to inpatients aged ≥50 years who underwent surgery for a low-energy hip fracture and (2) to formally diagnose osteoporosis during admission. The protocol was introduced across 3 care settings in a stepped-wedge manner. Outcome measures were the percentage of inpatient zoledronate administered to eligible patients and formal documented diagnosis of osteoporosis. Balance measures included fever after administration and hospital length of stay (LOS). Measures were assessed through quarterly chart review and tracked via control charts.

Results:

The rate of zoledronate administration significantly increased from 34.5% (29 of 84) to 74.6% (53 of 71) following the second PDSA cycle (p < 0.001). Documented osteoporosis diagnosis also significantly improved from 51.0% (53 of 104) to 85.7% (96 of 112) following the second PDSA cycle (p < 0.001). No significant differences were shown for hospital LOS, and 1 of 82 patients had medical work-up for post-infusion acute phase reaction after administration.

Conclusions:

This initiative was effective at improving osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment among older hip-fracture patients at our institution. Protocol development for administrating inpatient zoledronate after hip fracture is a reliable way to predictably offer bone health care and secondary-fracture prevention to hip-fracture patients and can be adapted and implemented at other institutions.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Validating sediment budgets along the North Atlantic Coast using the updated Sediment Budget Calculator
Authors: Ostojic Aleksandra , McGill Sean , Shawler Justin , Elkins Ashley , Brown Shannon , Tereszkiewicz Peter , Dopsovic Rose
Published: February 2025

This Regional Sediment Management (RSM) technical note (TN) outlines two case studies validating the Sediment Budget Calculator (SBC) using accepted values from the literature and published sediment budgets. Initially developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) as a web-based tool, the SBC calculates all viable sediment transport rates for an inlet environment given user-defined inputs. The next-generation SBC was converted into Python 3.9 to make it more accessible than the original C++ version. These case studies outline the efficacy of the SBC tool for deriving accurate and reliable sediment budget values. Finally, the TN discusses future SBC improvements and efforts to incorporate SBC results into the Sediment Budget Analysis System (SBAS).
La vulneración de los derechos fundamentales en los requisitos establecidos para los procesos de admisión en las escuelas de pregrado del Ejército peruano
Authors:   , Santillan Crosby Pedro Eduardo , Macuri Salinas Franchesca Rosario
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre los estilos de vida y obesidad abdominal en donantes de sangre de un hospital público, El Agustino, 2023.
Metodología: Tipo de investigación: descriptiva, observacional y transversal de tipo correlacional, donde se estudiaron a 203 donantes de sangre que acudieron al Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue en el 2023, se utilizó el cuestionario FANTASTICO para evaluar los estilos de vida, así como un cuestionario para observar las características sociodemográficas y se determinó el perímetro abdominal.
Resultados: Se obtuvo que la mayor parte de los donantes de sangre fueron de sexo masculino (82,3%), tuvieron entre 30 a 44 años (56,2%), provinieron de la ciudad de lima (92,6%), de igual manera, al evaluar los estilos de vida se obtuvo: Algo bajo podrías mejorar (1,5%), Estilo de vida adecuado (15,3%), Buen trabajo (66%), Estilo de vida Fantástico (17,2%). Así mismo, el perímetro abdominal fue de 99.90 cm, con una desviación estándar de 11.09 cm; el perímetro abdominal promedio fue de 98,80 cm en los hombres y de 105,03 cm en el caso de mujeres. El Riesgo del perímetro abdominal fue de Riesgo bajo (26,1%), riesgo medio (27,6%) y Riesgo alto (46,3%); por último, se determinó que existía relación entre los estilos de vida y la obesidad abdominal (Chi cuadrado: 24,980 p=0.000).
Conclusiones: Existe relación significativa entre los estilos de vida y la obesidad abdominal en donantes de sangre de un hospital público, El Agustino,2023.
Evaluación de riesgo ambiental en la minera abandonada Cobre Cata Acaril (Lima) mediante índices de calidad de suelo y dos biondicadores (Cantareus aspersus y Eisenia fetida)
Authors:   , Meza Canto Bettsy Medalit , Castilla Rojas Milagros Belen
Published: February 2025

Los suelos de una minera abandonada presentan deterioro de la calidad del suelo por la contaminación de metales pesados, por ello es importante evaluar el riesgo ambiental. Se extrajeron muestras de suelos provenientes de la Ex Unidad Minera Cobre Cata Acaril (LIMA) para analizar la calidad del suelo a través de los índices simples y complejos, normativas internacionales (ecuatoriana, canadiense y mexicana), y la normativa peruana (ECA de Suelo 2017). Por otro lado, se usaron dos bioindicadores, Cantareus aspersus y Eisenia fetida, los cuales fueron recolectados, caracterizados, aclimatados y seleccionados. Posteriormente, se desarrolló la prueba de supervivencia, donde fueron expuestos a tres tipos de suelo (muestra contaminada, muestra de fondo y muestra semicontaminada). En cuanto a los caracoles se evaluaron a los 15 y 30 días, la mortalidad, la reducción de su masa corporal y el análisis de metales pesados para la obtención de SET y ERITME. Respecto a las lombrices se evaluaron a los 10, 15 y 30 días, mortalidad, reducción de masa corporal y los índices SET y ERITME. De ello, se obtuvo que los caracoles presentan una mayor transferencia anormal de metales pesados y riesgo ambiental a los 15 días; mientras que, en las lombrices resulta una mayor transferencia y riesgo ambiental a los 10 días, lo que demuestra que la minera abandonada Cobre Cata Acaril presenta riesgo ambiental.
Impacto de la escasez de contenedores de transporte marítimo y costos de importación en INFINIA Operador Logístico S.A., Lima 2020
Authors:   , Coronel Velarde Juan Jose , Vilchez Huatangari Emer Johan
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar como la escasez de contenedores de transporte marítimo incidió en los costos de importación de la empresa Infinia Operador Logístico SA, Callao - Perú, Periodo 2020. Se utilizó la encuesta como herramienta para recopilar los datos de 2020 de acuerdo con las dimensiones de las variables desde una perspectiva cuantitativa y con un diseño no experimental. Se obtuvo como resultado que el 51.7% de la muestra considera que la escasez de contenedores para el transporte marítimo se da en un nivel medio, el 40.0% dice que está en un nivel alto y el 8.3% indica que se halla en un nivel bajo. Se concluye que según el objetivo general abordado se obtuvo evidencia de que la escasez de contenedores de transporte marítimo influye en los costos de importación y que el 84.60% se refiere a otras variables que no fueron materia de la investigación, estableciéndose que existe escasez de contenedores de transporte marítimo que influye significativamente en los costos de importación de la empresa Infinia Operador Logístico, S. A., Lima, 2020 (Coeficiente de Nagelkerke es 0,154).
Relación entre los estilos de vida y obesidad abdominal en donantes de sangre de un hospital público, El Agustino, 2023
Authors:   , Cornejo Ruiz Eduardo Manuel
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre los estilos de vida y obesidad abdominal en donantes de sangre de un hospital público, El Agustino, 2023.
Metodología: Tipo de investigación: descriptiva, observacional y transversal de tipo correlacional, donde se estudiaron a 203 donantes de sangre que acudieron al Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue en el 2023, se utilizó el cuestionario FANTASTICO para evaluar los estilos de vida, así como un cuestionario para observar las características sociodemográficas y se determinó el perímetro abdominal.
Resultados: Se obtuvo que la mayor parte de los donantes de sangre fueron de sexo masculino (82,3%), tuvieron entre 30 a 44 años (56,2%), provinieron de la ciudad de lima (92,6%), de igual manera, al evaluar los estilos de vida se obtuvo: Algo bajo podrías mejorar (1,5%), Estilo de vida adecuado (15,3%), Buen trabajo (66%), Estilo de vida Fantástico (17,2%). Así mismo, el perímetro abdominal fue de 99.90 cm, con una desviación estándar de 11.09 cm; el perímetro abdominal promedio fue de 98,80 cm en los hombres y de 105,03 cm en el caso de mujeres. El Riesgo del perímetro abdominal fue de Riesgo bajo (26,1%), riesgo medio (27,6%) y Riesgo alto (46,3%); por último, se determinó que existía relación entre los estilos de vida y la obesidad abdominal (Chi cuadrado: 24,980 p=0.000).
Conclusiones: Existe relación significativa entre los estilos de vida y la obesidad abdominal en donantes de sangre de un hospital público, El Agustino,2023.
III-Nitride MEMS Drum Resonators on Flexible Metal Substrates
Authors: Salvestrini Jean-Paul , Kassem Ali , Gujrati Rajat , Bourrier David , Ayela Cédric , Mathieu Fabrice , Dufour Isabelle , Nicu Liviu , Sundaram Suresh , Hunt William , Ougazzaden Abdallah , Leichlé Thierry
Published: February 2025

We present a simple and robust process for fabricating III-Nitride (III-N) mechanical resonators on flexible metal substrates. This method combines Van der Waals epitaxy of III-N epilayers with the deposition of a thick metal stressor atop the III-N layers. During thermal treatment, the 30 µm thick metal stressor deposited on a 300 nm AlGaN / 500 nm GaN layer grown on a 3 nm two-dimensional hexagonal-Boron Nitride (2D h-BN) release layer, initiates a one-step Self-Lift-Off and Transfer (SLOT) process. This process effectively transfers the III-N heterostructure from the h-BN/Sapphire growth wafer to the flexible metal stressor substrate. Additional local etching of the metal stressor and deposition of front electrodes allow for releasing self-standing III-N layers with integrated actuation. Fabricated III-N MEMS were analyzed using optical profilometry and laser Doppler vibrometer, enabling the observation of static deflections and distinct vibration modes. Finite element method (FEM) simulations were also performed to further understand experimental observations and assess the mechanical properties of the released III-N layers, particularly enabling the estimation of stress in the GaN and AlGaN released layers. This straightforward approach not only provides a practical solution for cost-effective III-N MEMS resonators but also ensures flexibility, and crack-free structures.
Exploring the Properties of Rhizobium sp. HR1101-4 Exopolysaccharide: Introducing a Novel Exopolysaccharide in Food Industry
Authors: Tisun Ummay Ayman , Srab Farzana Sayed , Mohal Mst. Mamotaz , Manik Md. Rahat , Joy Shoriful Islam , Syed Asad , Wong Ling Shing , Saleh Md. Abu , Zaman Shahriar
Published: February 2025

Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) exhibit distinct physiological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-microbial activities that may have a range of industrial, pharmaceutical, and medical uses. This study aimed to separate, purify, and examine the properties of the Rhizobium sp. HR1101-4 EPS. The optimum parameter set (time, temperature, pH, sugar) for the production of EPS was determined. The highest yield was obtained at a temperature of 39°C, a pH range of 8–10, and using mannose (0.2%) as the carbon source. The results of FT-IR and the NMR analysis revealed that the EPS is a mixture of hexoses with possible pentose sugars. Moreover, this structure showed positive antibiofilm activity against five pathogenic bacteria; Acinetobacter sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella sp., and Shigella flexneri, as well as antioxidant activity (42%). Furthermore, the high water-holding (355%) and oil-holding capacity (170%) of the EPS may enhance the nutritional value and rheological characteristics of food products. The improved emulsifying activity of mustard oil suggested potential use for stabilizing emulsions. Additionally, the EPS showed promising flocculating activity, indicating its potential application in treatment of industrial wastewater. This also could be employed as a safe rheological agent and a nutritious food-grade additive for industrial use.
Counting the Savings: Impact of Georgia's Drug Policy Interventions on Households
Authors: Gorgodze Tsotne , Zoidze Akaki , Gotsadze George
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Access to essential medicines is fundamental to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and Universal Health Coverage. However, in Georgia, as in other low and middle-income countries, out-of-pocket payments for medicines remain a significant financial burden, particularly for low-income households. Despite implementing the Universal Health Coverage Program in 2013, medicines account for the largest share of OOP health expenditures, exacerbating the risk of impoverishment. This study uses interrupted time series analysis to evaluate the impact of four major pharmaceutical policy interventions initiated between 2017 and 2023 on household monthly drug expenditures.
Methodology
The analysis utilized pooled data from the 2015–2023 Household Income and Expenditure Surveys, covering over 110,000 households. Monthly median drug expenditures were adjusted to constant prices in January 2015 and analyzed. Three policy interventions were assessed: the 2017 drug reimbursement plan, the introduction of parallel imports from Turkey in 2022, and the implementation of external reference pricing in 2023. The regression models accounted for seasonality and complex survey design features, including weights and clustering.
Results
The results demonstrated that only the external reference pricing policy led to an immediate reduction of 6.96 GEL (p = 0.016) and a sustained monthly decline of 1.28 GEL/month (p = 0.002), representing a 29% reduction in monthly spending, which saved households an estimated 43.3 (95 % CI: 18.0: 68.9) million GEL in 2023. The 2022 parallel import policy showed an immediate decrease of 2.26 GEL (p = 0.39) but was followed by a significant upward trend (coefficient = 1.43, p < 0.001). Budget modifications earlier intervention in 2019 did not yield significant changes in spending levels or trends.
Conclusion
These findings emphasize the impact of external reference pricing in reducing the financial burden of pharmaceutical expenditures and underscore its potential as a viable policy option for other low—and middle-income countries. Nevertheless, based on the experience of different countries, sustained reductions in household spending on drugs necessitate ongoing monitoring and supplementary measures to address disparities in access and ensure a lasting, positive impact on the population. Experiences in Georgia could be educational for policymakers in low-middle-income settings.
An Interview study with Professionals on Shared Decision-Making in Child and Adolescent Mental Health
Authors: Eiroa-Orosa Francisco José , Roura-Roca Iona
Published: February 2025

Background
Shared Decision-Making (SDM) is a paradigm that involves collaboration between healthcare professionals and service users to reach decisions jointly. This approach is based on the exchange of information, identification of service users’ values and preferences, analysis of treatment options, and consensus on an action plan. The present study aims to explore the beliefs and attitudes professionals regarding this model, in a context where its implementation has not yet begun in services for children and adolescents but is starting in the adult mental health system.
Methods
A qualitative investigation was conducted through thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with various mental health professionals.
Results
While SDM offers potential benefits, its implementation entails a series of requirements, limitations, and dilemmas that must be addressed. In the child and adolescent context, it is particularly complex to establish specific ages for applying this model and to determine in which cases it is appropriate.
Conclusions
The adoption of SDM would represent a significant advancement that could contribute to improving the well-being of service users.
Quantitative Evaluation of Incomplete Stent Apposition in Intracranial Aneurysms Using Optical Coherence Tomography: A Porcine Model Study
Authors: Wei Zhuangzhuang , Ma Ji , Zhang Zhike , Shi Shuailong , Long Shuhai , Shui Shaofeng , Yan Lei , Song Yan , Tang Yi , Wang Ye , Yang Jie , Ran Yuncai , Zhang Yong , Xie Shanshan , Li Zhen , Zhu Zefei , Li Tengfei
Published: February 2025

Background
Incomplete stent apposition (ISA) of intracranial stents is recognized as a significant issue in aneurysm treatment leading to in-stent thrombosis and aneurysm recurrence. Traditional imaging techniques like DSA have limitations in accurately assessing stent apposition. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the detection of ISA after stent-assisted coiling (SAC) and its impact on stent endothelialization and aneurysm healing in a porcine model.
Materials and Methods
Twelve healthy minipigs with surgically established common carotid artery sidewall aneurysm were utilized and treated with SAC. DSA and OCT were used immediately post-procedure and during follow-ups at 4 and 12 weeks to assess aneurysm occlusion and stent apposition. Histopathology ultimately assessed stent endothelialization and aneurysm healing. ISA distance, measured by OCT, was analyzed using logistic regression to predict the association between ISA severity and stent endothelialization outcome.
Results
OCT detected ISA sites (n = 30) in all subjects at the aneurysm neck, stent ends, and locally in the stent, with a mean ISA distance of 639.65 ± 146.82 µm immediately after the procedure. One experimental pig developed in-stent occlusion after 4 weeks, resulting in death. OCT detected residual ISAs in 54.2% (13/24) at 4 weeks, decreasing to 16.7% (4/24) at 12 weeks in the remaining 11 subjects. DSA showed complete aneurysm occlusion in the remaining subjects at 12 weeks. An ISA distance of > 600 µm was found to be associated with significantly higher rates of poor stent endothelialization at the 12-week follow-up.
Conclusion
OCT demonstrated higher sensitivity in detecting ISA after SAC. ISA distance > 600 µm can be a critical prognostic factor, associated with poor outcomes.
Influence of grazing practices and land cover types on CH 4 , CO 2 and N 2 O fluxes in semi- arid rangelands of Laikipia County, Kenya
Authors: Chepkemoi Janeth , Gitau Angela , Onwonga Richard , Mureithi Stephen , Mbau Judith , Kiama Stephen
Published: February 2025

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soils, influenced by grazing management practices and land cover types, are critical in understanding the dynamics of semi-arid rangeland ecosystems. This study was conducted in the Ilmotiok community ranch, Laikipia County, Kenya, to investigate the effects of grazing management practices (continuous and controlled grazing) and land cover types (bare ground, grass patches, and tree mosaics) on soil emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O). A completely randomized block design was used, with 36 sampling points established across three topographical positions under both grazing systems. Gas samples were collected for five weeks using static chambers, and GHG fluxes were analyzed using a gas chromatograph (GC). Results showed that controlled grazing significantly improved soil quality, with higher total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and water-filled pore space (WFPS) compared to continuous grazing. Tree mosaics exhibited the highest TOC and TN levels, followed by grass patches, while bare ground had the lowest. Controlled grazing emitted higher CO₂-C flux (83.2 mg. m⁻².h⁻¹) than continuous grazing (21.5 mg. m⁻².h⁻¹), with tree mosaics showing the highest flux among land cover types. Nitrous oxide emissions were also higher under controlled grazing (19.4 µg. m⁻².h⁻¹) than continuous grazing (3.4 µg. m⁻².h⁻¹), with grass patches exhibiting the highest N₂O flux among land cover types. Methane fluxes varied, with continuous grazing acting as a methane sink (-0.037 mg. m⁻².h⁻¹) and controlled grazing as a slight source (0.016 mg. m⁻².h⁻¹). Grass patches showed the strongest methane sink potential (-0.034 mg. m⁻².h⁻¹). Regression analysis revealed that WFPS and TOC were strong positive drivers of CO₂ flux, while TN, soil texture, and C:N ratio showed negative relationships. Methane and nitrous oxide fluxes were positively associated with CO₂ emissions, indicating interconnected soil GHG dynamics. These findings highlight the critical role of sustainable grazing practices and diverse land cover in improving soil quality and managing GHG emissions in semi-arid rangelands. Integrating controlled grazing and vegetation restoration can enhance soil fertility, mitigate GHG emissions, and promote ecosystem resilience.
Hyperimmune serum containing H. somni rHsp60, rOMP40 and A. pleuropneumoniae LPS antibodies as supplementary treatment for calf respiratory diseases
Authors: Blicharski Krzysztof , Bajzert Joanna , Jawor Paulina , Jachymek Wojciech , Kuczaj Marian , Stefaniak Tadeusz
Published: February 2025

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in dairy heifer calves cause significant economic losses associated with treatment costs, reduced growth rate and mortality. Bovine hyperimmune serum was produced in cows hyperimmunized with three conservative antigens (Histophilus somni rHsp60, H. somni rOMP40, and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae LPS core oligosaccharide), which exhibit broad cross-reactivity with several Gram-negative bacteria. Dairy heifer calves received serum subcutaneously on the first day of treatment for BRD, as an additive to antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Health status was estimated on a modified point scale system on days 1, 7 and 14th of the treatment. The calves were divided into four groups (10 per group): two with moderate signs of BRD with or without (control) hyperimmune serum application and two with severe signs of BRD. At day 1,7,14 of treatment and day 180 of life, plasma fibrinogen, serum haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, IgG1, IgG2, and IgM. Harvested hyperimmune serum contained high levels of IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies against homologous antigens. The supplementary application of hyperimmune serum concurrently to antibiotic and NSAIDs treatment of respiratory tract infections in dairy heifer calves shortened the appearance and reduced the intensity of clinical signs compared with calves treated without the use of serum.
Teachers’ Perspectives on the Role of Speech and Language Pathologists in the Rehabilitation of Children with Dyslexia: A Survey-Based Study
Authors: Sami Rasha
Published: February 2025

Background
Dyslexia is a neurological disorder that affects reading and writing abilities due to persistent difficulties in word recognition, decoding, and spelling. These conditions may impact numerous aspects of learning, such as reading, writing, mathematics, and communication. Dyslexia is the most well-known learning disability. speech and language pathologists (SLPs) are critical in helping people with learning disabilities. This study aimed to measure the knowledge and awareness of a sample of Egyptian teachers about the role of SLPs in rehabilitating children with dyslexia.
Methods
A survey was conducted using a questionnaire of 39 multiple-choice questions. provided to 100 teachers from 10 different national schools from two areas in Cairo and Giza. All teachers graduated from the same college, and none work as SENCO (special education coordinator). The questionnaire was provided online using the Monkey Survey, and the answers were collected within one week. Each participant was scored on the correctness of their answers out of the maximum score of 39.
Results
Only six questions were answered correctly by > 70% of the participants, and 50% answered correctly 1/3 of the questions. The mean score of the 100 teachers was 19 ± 4. (range: 6–31). The median percentage of the score was 46.2% (range: 15.4%-79.5%). The median score was reached by 56% of the teachers. The scores were not affected by age or sex of participants. The scores in the 6th of October City schools were significantly higher than in the 5th settlement (20.1 ± 3.9 vs. 17.0 ± 3.0, respectively, p < 0.001). The minimum success score (28, 70%) was reached only by two female teachers; their school has a special needs class and a supporting unit.
Conclusion
Teachers in Egypt's national schools lack knowledge about the role of SLPs in rehabilitating children with dyslexia. Only two out of 100 teachers answered 70% of the survey questions correctly. Teachers need to be educated and trained about dyslexia and its management.
Cholesterol Pericarditis: a Rare Case Report
Authors: Alam Mohammad Saquib , Zafar Khwaja Saifullah
Published: February 2025

Cholesterol pericarditis, or pericardial xanthoma, is a rare pericardial condition characterized by cholesterol crystal accumulation within the pericardium [1]. It is associated with hyperlipidemia, rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism, and other cardiovascular risk factors [1], [2]. While the exact mechanisms remain unclear, chronic inflammation and lipid metabolism abnormalities are implicated [2]. This report describes the case of a 50-year-old female with hypercholesterolemia who presented with progressive dyspnea, chest pain, and fatigue. Diagnostic evaluation revealed massive pericardial effusion with cholesterol crystals but no infection or malignancy. The patient was successfully treated with pericardiocentesis, NSAIDs, and lipid-lowering therapy, achieving rapid symptom resolution. This case underscores the importance of considering cholesterol pericarditis in patients with unexplained pericardial effusion, especially those with dyslipidemia, and highlights effective management strategies for this rare condition.
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Authors: Bazhdar Sleman Abdulmanaf  , Shadan Shukr Sabir
Published: February 2025

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Abortion between the Right to Life of Fetus and The Right to Privacy of Woman An Analytical and Comparative Study between Law and Islamic Sharī’ah
Authors: Rebaz Rasul Khdir  , Kamal Mohammed Abubaker  , Baqer Jawad Shamsulddin
Published: February 2025

The sciences such as biology, religion, law, and philosophy have entailed the concept of abortion since antiquity and thus the concept has been familiar. Yet, as a phenomenon, abortion has not been completely accepted by the world communities so far. The reason has been due to the influence of different moral and religious rules. Besides the fact that mankind has constantly tried to alter the statute of the phenomenon from a crime against life to a human right since the beginning of the twentieth century, abortion remained a problematic philosophical and legal term between the right to life of fetus and the right to bodily integrity of women. Still, none of these perspectives seem to be pragmatic but only a limited permissibility of the process on the basis of a moral ground such as the perspective of the religions and Islam as an example. Although Islam recognizes the right to privacy to everyone as enjoying a life away from the interference of others and their inspection and surveillance, this right does not include any space for abortion at all. In other words, Islam deals with abortion within the scope of the right to life. This paper is an analytical and comparative study which aims to illustrate the position of positive law and the perspective of Islamic law on the regulation of abortion. It addresses the issue from the angles of the right to life and the right to privacy on the basis of the status of the fetus’s life and the women’s bodily autonomy. The authors argue that positive law deals with abortion within the scope of the right to liberty, security and health care as the privacy of woman, particularly before the independent viability of the fetus but Islam prohibits it except for prior viability and with a moral justification such as saving the mother’s life
بەربەستەكانی پرۆسەی ڕاهێنان لەلایەن ڕاهێنەرانی وەزارەتی پەروەردە لە دیدی مامۆستایانی قوتابخانە بنەڕەتیەكانی ناوەندی شاری هەولێر
Authors: Osman Abdullah Hama Amin  , Aram Gharib Qadir
Published: February 2025

ئامانجى ئەم توێژینەوەیە دەستنیشانکردنی بەربەستەكانی پرۆسەی ڕاهێنانە لەلایەن ڕاهێنەرانی وەزارەتی پەروەردە لە دیدی مامۆستایانی قوتابخانە بنەڕەتیەكانی ناوەندی شاری هەولێر. بۆ بەدیهێنانی ئەم ئامانجە؛ ڕێبازی وێنایی شيكارى بەكارهێنراوە، وە توێژەران پرسیارنامەکەیان وەک ئامرازێکی توێژینەوە ئامادەكرد کە پێکهاتبوو لە (40) برگە كە دابەشی سەر (5) بوار كراوە: (ئامانجەکانی خولی ڕاهێنان، ژینگەی ڕاهێنان، ناوەڕۆکی خولەکانی ڕاهێنان، ڕاهێنەران، شێوازەکانی چالاكیی پرۆسەی ڕاهێنان) دوای دڵنیابوون لە ڕەوایی و متمانەپێکراوی ئامرازەکە، پرسیارنامەكە لەسەر نمونەی توێژینەوەكە ئەنجامدرا كە پێكهاتبوون لە (444) مامۆستای نێر و مێ بۆ ساڵی خوێندنی 2023-2024. ئەنجامەکانی توێژینەوەکە ئاماژەیان بەوە دەكەن کە پلەی گشتی بەربەستەکان لەبەردەم ڕاهێنانی مامۆستایان "مامناوەند" بووە، بەرزترینیان "بەربەستەكانی پەیوەست بە ڕاهێنەران" و نزمترینیان "بەربەستەكانی پەیوەست بە ژینگەی ڕاهێنان" بووە ، هەروەها ئەنجامەكان ئاماژە بە بوونی جیاوازی ئاماری دەكەن لەنێو تێكڕای وەڵامی نموونەی تویژینەوەكە لەسەر گۆڕاوی ( ڕەگەز) كەلەبەرژوەندی ڕەگەزی مێ بوو،  هەروەها ئەنجامەكان ئاماژە بە بوونی جیاوازی ئاماری دەكەن لەنێو تێكڕای وەڵامی نموونەی تویژینەوەكە لەسەر گۆڕاوی (ساڵانی خزمەت)كەلەبەرژوەندی ئەو مامۆستایانە بووە كەخزمەتیان لە(10) ساڵ بەرەوسەرەوەیە.
وشە سەرەکیەكان: بەربەستەکانی ڕاهێنان، ڕاهێنانی ناو خزمەت، ڕاهێنەران، مامۆستایان
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Authors: Bakir Shakir Abdullah
Published: February 2025

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Architecture for Children. Research of Selected Cases of Separated Play Zones for Kids in the Public Utility Interiors
Authors: KOMAR Beata , PLUSZCZEWICZ Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

The changing lifestyle makes that children become equal users of urban spaces and more and more often participate in social and business meetings. Shopping malls have long ceased have purely consumer functions, becoming places of entertainment and relaxation. This generates the need to provide child with at least a small recreational space and general adaptation of public spaces to their needs. The paper focuses on free children’s corners in the interiors of selected public premises, presenting the issues from the point of view of an interior designer, as well as based on interviews with their users, equipment manufacturers and owners of premises. The main aim of the study is to explore the issues of separate zones for children in public utility interiors and to define guidelines for the process of their shaping. For this purpose, field studies were carried out, on the basis of which the criteria for the evaluation of objects were prepared. Among others: safety, general impression, adaptation for children with disabilities, equipment, visual attractiveness, educational value, linking the play area with the location, the presence of modern technologies.
Microplastics in Composts as a Barrier to the Development of Circular Economy
Authors: GRĄZ Katarzyna , KWAŚNY Justyna
Published: February 2025

The philosophy of sustainable development imposes on waste management systems solutions that are technically correct, economically effective and socially acceptable. One of the elements of these systems is the management of organic waste in two streams: municipal organic waste and the so-called green waste. Their composition is different, but some properties and technological processing possibilities are identical. The possibilities of using organic recycling products are also completely different. However, in both cases, such treatment is necessary, regardless of the type of waste, to either use it as much as possible or to store only bio-stable waste.

A big problem all over the world, not only for cities, is nano- and microplastics. It is estimated that 2–5% of all plastics produced are discharged into the oceans. High-density polymers settle to the bottom of water bodies, imitating food for bottom invertebrates. Conversely, low-density microplastics floating on the surface of the water pose a threat to zooplankton and smaller fish. However, the conducted research indicates that the pollution of terrestrial environments may be even 4 to 23 times greater than that of the ocean. While flowing through the sewage treatment plant, microplastics are accumulated in sewage sludge, and in the case of natural use of the sludge, they can end up in the soil and in the food chain of animals and humans. Composts are another source of soil contamination, especially from municipal organic waste and green waste. On January 16, 2018, the European Commission published the European Strategy for Plastics in a Circular Economy, which outlines how plastic products are designed, manufactured, used and recycled.

The aim of the paper is to present the initial results of preliminary tests on organic waste in terms of the possibility of identifying microplastics in them [1–3].
Interactive Multimedia Objects in Public Interiors: Compositional Location Techniques
Authors: BONDARENKO Irina , BRYZHACHENKO Natalia , LAHODA Oksana , TOKAR Maryna
Published: February 2025

The popularization of multimedia technologies and their active implementation into the process of the object-spatial environment organization is a pressing issue in scientific researches in the field of interior design. It was defined that the application of multimedia technologies, such as sensory touch objects, are fundamental in the process of the creation of an interactive interior for public use. The paper is devoted to revelation of the compositional location techniques of the interactive sensory objects in the interiors of public buildings. The complex of theoretical methods of scientific research has contributed to the analysis of the design of interactive public interiors through the prism of formal composition. The results of the study revealed the compositional techniques for interactive multimedia objects placed in the interior. We conclude that the location of sensory objects in the interior more often carried out by the use of composite grids: a rectangular mesh scheme and a radial scheme. Interactive multimedia objects add an adaptability and attractiveness to the interior, which is an important factor in the formation of public space.
Evaluation of Acrylic Resin Surface Wettability Impregnated with Antifungal Agent
Authors: Al-Kaabi Arshad F. Jassem
Published: February 2025

Denture stomatitis and other fungal infections have increased the demand for developing modified denture base materials by incorporating active pharmaceuticals to minimize these problems. Fluconazole is one of the frequently used medications to treat fungal infections particularly those caused by Candida Albicans which have been incorporated with acrylic resin denture base material. Surface wettability play a significant role in the success of this mechanism. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of fluconazole incorporation with acrylic resin (polymethylmethacrylate) on surface hydrophilicity of the denture base material.  Two groups of specimens were prepared and tested in this study, control and fluconazole-loaded, with 8 specimens for each group. The experimental group specimens were loaded with 10% fluconazole of powder-polymer ratio during the mixing stage of specimens’ preparation. All specimens were submitted to water contact angle measurements. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in surface hydrophilicity of the acrylic resin between the groups. Fluconazole impregnation to acrylic resin did not affect the surface hydrophilicity of the denture base material.
Quenching a Fermi superfluid across the BEC-BCS crossover
Authors: Breyer Moritz , Eberz Daniel , Kell Andreas , Köhl Michael
Published: February 2025

We study the response of a Fermi superfluid to a rapid change of the interaction strength. For a broad range of quench parameters, the order parameter exhibits damped oscillations, however, we also identify quench regimes in which these oscillations are absent. By comparing our data to a numerical model we find that the damping time constants are explainable by a dephasing in a local density approximation, however, the oscillation frequencies, while being comparable to the superconducting order parameter, display in detail significant differences to the integrable BCS (Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer) model.
Fast Perfekt: Regression-based refinement of fast simulation
Authors: Wolf Moritz , Stietz Lars , Connor Patrick , Schleper Peter , Bein Samuel
Published: February 2025

The availability of precise and accurate simulation is a limiting factor for interpreting and forecasting data in many fields of science and engineering. Often, one or more distinct simulation software applications are developed, each with a relative advantage in accuracy or speed. The quality of insights extracted from the data stands to increase if the accuracy of faster, more economical simulation could be improved to parity or near parity with more resource-intensive but accurate simulation. We present Fast Perfekt, a machine-learned regression to refine the output of fast simulation that employs residual neural networks. A deterministic morphing model is trained using a unique schedule that makes use of the ensemble loss function MMD, with the option of an additional pair-based loss function such as the MSE. We explore this methodology in the context of an abstract analytical model and in terms of a realistic particle physics application featuring jet properties in hadron collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The refinement makes maximum use of existing domain knowledge, and introduces minimal computational overhead to production.
Homossexualidade Masculina na Namíbia
Authors: Sanches Rezende Leticia , Vieira Thaís , Lopes Campos Bárbara
Published: February 2025

Este artigo analisou as relações homossexuais masculinas na Namíbia pré-colonial, investigando como a homossexualidade era vivenciada no período pré-intrusão e sua evolução histórica, incluindo o debate sobre a vigente “Lei da Sodomia”. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa baseada em análise bibliográfica e documental crítica, utilizando a metodologia queer de relações internacionais para explorar a homossexualidade como um processo histórico. Conclui-se que as concepções de gênero e sexualidade dos povos pré-coloniais da região diferiam significativamente dos entendimentos ocidentais contemporâneos. Destacam-se os relatos dos Ovambo sobre o omashengi, que desafia a heteronormatividade, mas reflete hierarquias sociais do período pré-colonial.
Os determinantes da entrada de estudantes internacionais de ensino superior no mundo em desenvolvimento
Authors: De Moraes Baldrighi Rafael
Published: February 2025

Nas últimas décadas, a internacionalização das universidades tornou-se uma norma global.A literatura sobre mobilidade estudantil no ensino superior identifica fatores de atração eexpulsão que impulsionam os fluxos transfronteiriços, mas será que isso explica por que ospaíses desenvolvidos predominam como destinos, enquanto os emergentes, do Sul Global,exportam estudantes? Utilizando regressão múltipla por mínimos quadrados ordinários,analisamos os fatores de atração que influenciam os estudantes internacionais em paísesemergentes. Nossos resultados destacam o papel significativo de fatores geopolíticos, alémdo impacto positivo da língua, excelência acadêmica, redes migratórias e capacidade deacolhimento.