bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of Three-Dimensional Handheld Photoacoustic and Ultrasound Imaging Systems and Their Applications
Authors: Lee Changyeop , Kim Chulhong , Park Byullee
Published: September 2023

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a non-invasive biomedical imaging technique that combines the benefits of optics and acoustics to provide high-resolution structural and functional information. This review highlights the emergence of three-dimensional handheld PA imaging systems as a promising approach for various biomedical applications. These systems are classified into four techniques: direct imaging with 2D ultrasound (US) arrays, mechanical-scanning-based imaging with 1D US arrays, mirror-scanning-based imaging, and freehand-scanning-based imaging. A comprehensive overview of recent research in each imaging technique is provided, and potential solutions for system limitations are discussed. This review will serve as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners interested in advancements and opportunities in three-dimensional handheld PA imaging technology.
An Obstacle Avoidance Path Planning and Evaluation Method for Intelligent Vehicles Based on the B-Spline Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Yulong , Wang Pengwei , Cui Kaichen , Zhou Hengheng , Yang Jinshan , Kong Xiangcun
Published: September 2023

To meet the real-time path planning requirements of intelligent vehicles in dynamic traffic scenarios, a path planning and evaluation method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, based on the B-spline algorithm and four-stage lane-changing theory, an obstacle avoidance path planning algorithm framework is constructed. Then, to obtain the optimal real-time path, a comprehensive real-time path evaluation mechanism that includes path safety, smoothness, and comfort is established. Finally, to verify the proposed approach, co-simulation and real vehicle testing are conducted. In the dynamic obstacle avoidance scenario simulation, the lateral acceleration, yaw angle, yaw rate, and roll angle fluctuation ranges of the ego-vehicle are ±2.39 m/s2, ±13.31°, ±13.26°/s, and ±0.938°, respectively. The results show that the proposed algorithm can generate real-time, available obstacle avoidance paths. And the proposed evaluation mechanism can find the optimal path for the current scenario.
Dual-Mode Conical Horn Antenna with 2-D Azimuthal Monopulse Pattern for Millimeter-Wave Applications
Authors: Piroutiniya Asrin , Rasekhmanesh Mohamad Hosein , Masa-Campos José Luis , Calero-Rodríguez José Luis , Ruiz-Cruz Jorge A.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, a novel concept of a three-dimensional full metal system including a Dual-Mode Converter (DMC) network integrated with a high-gain Conical Horn Antenna (CHA) is presented. This system is designed for 5G millimeter wave applications requiring monopulse operation at K-band (37.5–39 GHz). The DMC integrates two mode converters. They excite either the TE11cir or the TE01cir modes of the circular waveguide of the CHA. The input of the mode converters is the TE10rec mode of two independent WR-28 standard rectangular waveguide ports. By integrating the DMC with the CHA, the whole system, called a Dual-Mode Conical Horn Antenna (DM-CHA), is formed, radiating the sum (Σ) and difference (Δ) patterns associated to the monopulse operation. To adequately prevent the propagation of higher order modes and mode mutual coupling, this integration procedure is carefully designed and fabricated. To prove the performance of the design, the DMC network was fabricated using subtractive manufacturing by Computer Numerical Control (CNC) technology. The CHA was fabricated using additive manufacturing by Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DLMS) technology. Finally, the simulation and measurement results were exhaustively compared, including return loss, isolation, radiation pattern, and gain of the full DM-CHA structure. It is noteworthy that this system provided up to ±11° per beam in the angular of arrival detection to support the high data rate operation for 5G satellite communications in the millimeter-wave band.
Applications of Computer Vision-Based Structural Monitoring on Long-Span Bridges in Turkey
Authors: Dong Chuanzhi , Bas Selcuk , Catbas Fikret Necati
Published: September 2023

Structural displacement monitoring is one of the major tasks of structural health monitoring and it is a significant challenge for research and engineering practices relating to large-scale civil structures. While computer vision-based structural monitoring has gained traction, current practices largely focus on laboratory experiments, small-scale structures, or close-range applications. This paper demonstrates its applications on three landmark long-span suspension bridges in Turkey: the First Bosphorus Bridge, the Second Bosphorus Bridge, and the Osman Gazi Bridge, among the longest landmark bridges in the world, with main spans of 1074 m, 1090 m, and 1550 m, respectively. The presented studies achieved non-contact displacement monitoring from a distance of 600 m, 755 m, and 1350 m for the respective bridges. The presented concepts, analysis, and results provide an overview of long-span bridge monitoring using computer vision-based monitoring. The results are assessed with conventional monitoring approaches and finite element analysis based on observed traffic conditions. Both displacements and dynamic frequencies align well with these conventional techniques and finite element analyses. This study also highlights the challenges of computer vision-based structural monitoring of long-span bridges and presents considerations such as the encountered adverse environmental factors, target and algorithm selection, and potential directions of future studies.
Identification of Underground Artificial Cavities Based on the Bayesian Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Xia Jigen , Peng Ronghua , Li Zhiqiang , Li Junyi , He Yizhuo , Li Gang
Published: September 2023

The development of underground artificial cavities plays an important role in the exploitation of urban spatial resources. As the rapidly growing number of underground artificial cavities with different depths and scales increases, the detection and identification of underground artificial cavities has become a key issue in underground engineering studies. Geophysical techniques have been widely used for the construction, management, and maintenance of underground artificial cavities. In this study, we present two identification methods for underground artificial cavities. Apparent resistivity imaging is the most popular technique for quickly identifying underground artificial cavities, using the forward simulation results of a three-dimensional earth model and comparing these with the preset positions of artificial cavities, as demonstrated in the experiment. To further improve the efficiency of underground artificial cavity identification, we developed a fast recognition approach for underground artificial cavities based on the Bayesian convolutional neural network (BCNN). Compared to a traditional convolutional neural network, the performance of the BCNN method was greatly improved in terms of the classification accuracy and efficiency of identifying underground artificial cavities with apparent resistivity image datasets.
Ensemble Algorithms to Improve COVID-19 Growth Curve Estimates
Authors: Ospina Raydonal , Oliveira Jaciele , Ferraz Cristiano , Leite André , Gondim João
Published: September 2023

In January 2020, the world was taken by surprise as a novel disease, COVID-19, emerged, attributed to the new SARS-CoV-2 virus. Initial cases were reported in China, and the virus rapidly disseminated globally, leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare it a pandemic on 11 March 2020. Given the novelty of this pathogen, limited information was available regarding its infection rate and symptoms. Consequently, the necessity of employing mathematical models to enable researchers to describe the progression of the epidemic and make accurate forecasts became evident. This study focuses on the analysis of several dynamic growth models, including the logistics, Gompertz, and Richards growth models, which are commonly employed to depict the spread of infectious diseases. These models are integrated to harness their predictive capabilities, utilizing an ensemble modeling approach. The resulting ensemble algorithm was trained using COVID-19 data from the Brazilian state of Paraíba. The proposed ensemble model approach effectively reduced forecasting errors, showcasing itself as a promising methodology for estimating COVID-19 growth curves, improving data forecasting accuracy, and providing rapid responses in the early stages of the pandemic.
The Effectiveness of Promoting a Vegetable and Fruit Consumption Behavior Program among Preschool Children in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand
Authors: Wiriyasirikul Suwichaya , Eksirinimit Thidarat , Kusol Kiatkamjorn , Jantasuwan Rachadaporn
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to design a program for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption behaviors among preschool children based on a domestic social support framework, with the goal of increasing their fruit and vegetable intake. This quasi-experimental study involved a set sample of preschool children and their caregivers who were randomly selected based on specific inclusion criteria. The study included 96 pairs of preschool-aged children and their caregivers, divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received the program, while the control group continued with their regular activities. The program development drew inspiration from the caregiving practices in Muang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat. The assessment tools included a preschooler’s eating behavior evaluation and a knowledge test for caregivers regarding children’s fruit and vegetable consumption and the ways to enhance it. Furthermore, experts approved the fruit and vegetable eating behavior assessment among the preschoolers, and a handbook for nurses and primary caregivers affirmed their suitability within the caregiver support framework. The developmental findings suggested that a 10-week program was appropriate and showed a promise in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among the preschoolers. The findings, notably in the experimental group, demonstrate that caregivers should increase their knowledge of, and exhibit behavioral support in, fruit and vegetable consumption among preschoolers, and that this will eventually reflect a positive impact on preschoolers’ dietary habits.
Oblique Arbitrary Amplitude Dust Ion Acoustic Solitary Waves in Anisotropic Non-Maxwellian Plasmas with Kappa-Distributed Electrons
Authors: Almas  , Ata-ur-Rahman  , Faiz Nosheen , Khan Dost Muhammad , Emam Walid , Tashkandy Yusra
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we investigate the behavior of dust ion acoustic solitary waves (DIASWs) with arbitrary amplitudes in a magnetized anisotropic dusty plasma that includes inertial hot ion fluid, electrons following a Kappa distribution, and negatively charged dust particles in the background. An ambient magnetic field aligns with the x-direction, while the wave propagation occurs obliquely to the ambient magnetic field. In the linear regime, two distinct modes, namely fast and slow modes, are observed. We employ the Sagdeev pseudo-potential method to analyze the fundamental properties of arbitrary amplitude DIASWs. Additionally, we examine how various physical parameters influence the existence and characteristics of symmetric planar dust ion acoustic solitary structures (DIASs). The characteristics of the solitary structures are greatly influenced by the dust concentration, the electrons superthermality (spectral) index, the obliquity parameter, the magnetic field, the parallel ion pressure and the perpendicular ion pressure. The results show that the amplitude and width of both compressive and rarefactive DIASWs are sensitive to the degree of electron superthermality and dust concentration. Additionally, it is shown that the propagation features of DIASWs are highly affected by the parallel component of ion pressure as compared to perpendicular component of ion pressure.
Climate Change and Geotourism: Impacts, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Gordon John E.
Published: September 2023

Climate change and rising sea levels present significant challenges for geotourism destinations and activities. Accelerated changes in geomorphological processes threaten or diminish both the physical existence and aesthetic qualities of geoheritage assets, and hence the visitor experience, as well as presenting increased or new risks from natural hazards. This is particularly a concern in mountain and coastal areas, and also where greater extremes of temperature and precipitation affect visitor comfort. A literature review was conducted to assess the extent to which the consequences of climate change have been recognised in geotourism research. With the exception of glacier-based geotourism, few studies have considered the impacts of climate change and reported the planning or development of adaptation measures. However, the didactic potential of geotourism in raising awareness of climate change has been commonly recognised. A review of the wider tourism literature identified additional destination-supply and visitor-demand issues that will affect the sustainability of geotourism in the face of climate change. These include changes in visitor motivations, travel behaviour, perceptions of destination image, and reactions to local, national, and international mitigation and adaptation responses, as well as geoethical considerations around carbon footprints and sustainable modes of travel. Situating geotourism within a broader body of multidisciplinary tourism research should help inform adaptation strategies in conjunction with measures to adapt to the physical impacts of climate change on geotourism sites.
Impact of Arieş River Contaminants on Algae and Plants
Authors: Halmagyi Adela , Butiuc-Keul Anca , Keul Martin , Dobrotă Cristina , Fodorpataki László , Pintea Adela , Mocan Aurel , Pop Valeria , Coste Ana
Published: September 2023

The Arieş River (Western Romania) represents one of the most important affluents of the Mureş River, with great significance in the Mureş Tisza basin. The environmental quality of the Arieş basin is significantly affected by both historic mining activities and contemporary impacts. Thus, an evaluation of the effects of the main contaminants found in water (organochlorine pesticides—OCPs, monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons—MAHs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons—PAHs, and metals) on cyanobacteria and plants was performed. Among OCPs, hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and derivatives were detected in plants while admissible concentrations were detected in water. Among MAHs, high levels of benzene were detected both in water and in plants. The levels of PAHs exceeded the allowable values in all samples. Increased concentrations of metals in water were found only at Baia de Arieş, but in plants, all metal concentrations were high. The pH, nitrates, nitrites, and phosphates, as well as metals, pesticides, and aromatic hydrocarbons, influenced the physiological characteristics of algae, test plants, and aquatic plants exposed to various compounds dissolved in water. Considering that the Arieş River basin is the site of intense past mining activities, these data provide information about the impact on water quality as a consequence of pollution events.
Time Patterns in Internal Human Exposure Data to Bisphenols, Phthalates, DINCH, Organophosphate Flame Retardants, Cadmium and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in Europe
Authors: Rodriguez Martin Laura , Gilles Liese , Helte Emilie , Åkesson Agneta , Tägt Jonas , Covaci Adrian , Sakhi Amrit K. , Van Nieuwenhuyse An , Katsonouri Andromachi , Andersson Anna-Maria , Gutleb Arno C. , Janasik Beata , Appenzeller Brice , Gabriel Catherine , Thomsen Cathrine , Mazej Darja , Sarigiannis Denis , Anastasi Elena , Barbone Fabio , Tolonen Hanna , Frederiksen Hanne , Klanova Jana , Koponen Jani , Tratnik Janja Snoj , Pack Kim , Gudrun Koppen , Ólafsdóttir Kristin , Knudsen Lisbeth E. , Rambaud Loïc , Strumylaite Loreta , Murinova Lubica Palkovicova , Fabelova Lucia , Riou Margaux , Berglund Marika , Szabados Maté , Imboden Medea , Laeremans Michelle , Eštóková Milada , Janev Holcer Natasa , Probst-Hensch Nicole , Vodrazkova Nicole , Vogel Nina , Piler Pavel , Schmidt Phillipp , Lange Rosa , Namorado Sónia , Kozepesy Szilvia , Szigeti Tamás , Halldorsson Thorhallur I. , Weber Till , Jensen Tina Kold , Rosolen Valentina , Puklova Vladimira , Wasowicz Wojciech , Sepai Ovnair , Stewart Lorraine , Kolossa-Gehring Marike , Esteban-López Marta , Castaño Argelia , Bessems Jos , Schoeters Greet , Govarts Eva
Published: September 2023

Human biomonitoring (HBM) data in Europe are often fragmented and collected in different EU countries and sampling periods. Exposure levels for children and adult women in Europe were evaluated over time. For the period 2000–2010, literature and aggregated data were collected in a harmonized way across studies. Between 2011–2012, biobanked samples from the DEMOCOPHES project were used. For 2014–2021, HBM data were generated within the HBM4EU Aligned Studies. Time patterns on internal exposure were evaluated visually and statistically using the 50th and 90th percentiles (P50/P90) for phthalates/DINCH and organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in children (5–12 years), and cadmium, bisphenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in women (24–52 years). Restricted phthalate metabolites show decreasing patterns for children. Phthalate substitute, DINCH, shows a non-significant increasing pattern. For OPFRs, no trends were statistically significant. For women, BPA shows a clear decreasing pattern, while substitutes BPF and BPS show an increasing pattern coinciding with the BPA restrictions introduced. No clear patterns are observed for PAHs or cadmium. Although the causal relations were not studied as such, exposure levels to chemicals restricted at EU level visually decreased, while the levels for some of their substitutes increased. The results support policy efficacy monitoring and the policy-supportive role played by HBM.
Short-Term Transcriptomic Points of Departure Are Consistent with Chronic Points of Departure for Three Organophosphate Pesticides across Mouse and Fathead Minnow
Authors: Martin Rubia , Hazemi Monique , Flynn Kevin , Villeneuve Daniel , Wehmas Leah
Published: September 2023

New approach methods (NAMs) can reduce the need for chronic animal studies. Here, we apply benchmark dose (concentration) (BMD(C))–response modeling to transcriptomic changes in the liver of mice and in fathead minnow larvae after short-term exposures (7 days and 1 day, respectively) to several dose/concentrations of three organophosphate pesticides (OPPs): fenthion, methidathion, and parathion. The mouse liver transcriptional points of departure (TPODs) for fenthion, methidathion, and parathion were 0.009, 0.093, and 0.046 mg/Kg-bw/day, while the fathead minnow larva TPODs were 0.007, 0.115, and 0.046 mg/L, respectively. The TPODs were consistent across both species and reflected the relative potencies from traditional chronic toxicity studies with fenthion identified as the most potent. Moreover, the mouse liver TPODs were more sensitive than or within a 10-fold difference from the chronic apical points of departure (APODs) for mammals, while the fathead minnow larva TPODs were within an 18-fold difference from the chronic APODs for fish species. Short-term exposure to OPPs significantly impacted acetylcholinesterase mRNA abundance (FDR p-value <0.05, |fold change| ≥2) and canonical pathways (IPA, p-value <0.05) associated with organism death and neurological/immune dysfunctions, indicating the conservation of key events related to OPP toxicity. Together, these results build confidence in using short-term, molecular-based assays for the characterization of chemical toxicity and risk, thereby reducing reliance on chronic animal studies.
Barriers to Antiretroviral Medication Adherence in People Living with HIV (PLHIV) at the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines
Authors: Joves Philip John M. , Matulac Melgar O. , Pagcatipunan Rodolfo S.
Published: September 2023

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the HIV crisis in the Philippines worsened and triggered a chain reaction that disrupted the provision and utilization of HIV services. This study aims to fill in the gap in knowledge by exploring the possible association between sociodemographic characteristics and the barriers to ART adherence for PLHIV in the Philippines at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed by using a survey questionnaire, which was distributed via online social media (Twitter). Data were analyzed using the Stata software. Results: There is a significant association between the following treatment barriers and sociodemographic characteristics: the location of treatment hubs and respondents who finished college/graduate studies; checkpoints and crossing borders; and (1) respondents from Northern Luzon Region, (2) unemployed respondents and financial assistance—1. respondents 18 to 25 years old; 2. unemployed respondents—(3) respondents who finished elementary/high school and psychosocial support—(1) respondents from the NCR; (2) respondents 26 to 30 years old, stocks of ARVs and other medicines, and employed respondents. Conclusions: The results suggest a necessity for innovative approaches to make HIV care services, particularly ART, more accessible to PLHIV during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future large-scale studies exploring the association between sociodemographic characteristics and barriers to medication adherence of PLHIV during the COVID-19 pandemic are recommended.
A Delta–Omicron Bivalent Subunit Vaccine Elicited Antibody Responses in Mice against Both Ancestral and Variant Strains of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Wang Tiantian , Zheng Jing , Xu Huifang , Wang Zhongyi , Sun Peng , Hou Xuchen , Gong Xin , Zhang Bin , Wu Jun , Liu Bo
Published: September 2023

Continued mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 genome has led to multiple waves of COVID-19 infections, and new variants have continued to emerge and dominate. The emergence of Omicron and its subvariants has substantially increased the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2. RBD genes of the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 strain and the Delta, Omicron BA.1 and Omicron BA.2 variants were used to construct plasmids and express the proteins in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris. A stable 4 L-scale yeast fermentation and purification process was established to obtain high-purity RBD proteins with a complex glycoform N-glycosyl structure that was fucose-free. The RBD glycoproteins were combined with two adjuvants, Al(OH)3 and CpG, which mitigated the typical disadvantage of low immunogenicity associated with recombinant subunit vaccines. To improve the broad-spectrum antiviral activity of the candidate vaccine, Delta RBD proteins were mixed with BA.2 RBD proteins at a ratio of 1:1 and then combined with two adjuvants—Al(OH)3 and CpG—to prepare a bivalent vaccine. The bivalent vaccine effectively induced mice to produce pseudovirus-neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants, Delta, Beta, and Omicron sublineages BA.1, BA.2, BA.5. The bivalent vaccine could neutralize the authentic wild-type SARS-CoV-2 strain, Delta, BA.1.1, BA.2.2, BA2.3, and BA.2.12.1 viruses, providing a new approach for improving population immunity and delivering broad-spectrum protection under the current epidemic conditions.
Defining the Zero Dose Child: A Comparative Analysis of Two Approaches and Their Impact on Assessing the Zero Dose Burden and Vulnerability Profiles across 82 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Wonodi Chizoba , Farrenkopf Brooke Amara
Published: September 2023

While there is a coordinated effort around reaching zero dose children and closing existing equity gaps in immunization delivery, it is important that there is agreement and clarity around how ‘zero dose status’ is defined and what is gained and lost by using different indicators for zero dose status. There are two popular approaches used in research, program design, and advocacy to define zero dose status: one uses a single vaccine to serve as a proxy for zero dose status, while another uses a subset of vaccines to identify children who have missed all routine vaccines. We provide a global analysis utilizing the most recent publicly available DHS and MICS data from 2010 to 2020 to compare the number, proportion, and profile of children aged 12 to 23 months who are ‘penta-zero dose’ (have not received the pentavalent vaccine), ‘truly’ zero dose (have not received any dose of BCG, polio, pentavalent, or measles vaccines), and ‘misclassified’ zero dose children (those who are penta-zero dose but have received at least one other vaccine). Our analysis includes 194,829 observations from 82 low- and middle-income countries. Globally, 14.2% of children are penta-zero dose and 7.5% are truly zero dose, suggesting that 46.5% of penta-zero dose children have had at least one contact with the immunization system. While there are similarities in the profile of children that are penta-zero dose and truly zero dose, there are key differences between the proportion of key characteristics among truly zero dose and misclassified zero dose children, including access to maternal and child health services. By understanding the extent of the connection zero dose children may have with the health and immunization system and contrasting it with how much the use of a more feasible definition of zero dose may underestimate the level of vulnerability in the zero dose population, we provide insights that can help immunization programs design strategies that better target the most disadvantaged populations. If the vulnerability profiles of the truly zero dose children are qualitatively different from that of the penta-zero dose children, then failing to distinguish the truly zero dose populations, and how to optimally reach them, may lead to the development of misguided or inefficient strategies for vaccinating the most disadvantaged population of children.
Novel Prion Protein Gene Polymorphisms in Awassi Sheep in Three Regions of the Fertile Crescent
Authors: Rashaydeh Faisal S. , Yildiz Mehmet A. , Alharthi Abdulrahman S. , Al-Baadani Hani H. , Alhidary Ibrahim A. , Meydan Hasan
Published: September 2023

Scrapie is a fatal, neurodegenerative disease that affects sheep and goats, and genetic susceptibility to scrapie in sheep is associated with polymorphisms in the prion protein (PRNP) gene. The aim of this study is to identify PRNP polymorphism in Awassi sheep from Türkiye, the Palestinian Authority, and Saudi Arabia. A total of 150 healthy sheep were genotyped for PRNP, using Sanger sequencing. There were seven alleles and eleven genotypes observed based on codons 136, 154, and 171 of PRNP. The ARQ allele was predominant in all populations. The most resistant allele to scrapie, ARR, was present in all three regions. The VRQ allele, associated with the highest susceptibility to scrapie, was detected only in Türkiye at a low frequency. In this study, twenty-seven amino acid substitutions were found. Eight of them (R40Q, G65E, H88L, S98T, A118P, S138T, V192F and L250I) have not been previously reported. These data indicate that sheep breeds close to the sheep domestication center have maintained high genetic diversity in the PRNP region. Our findings on PRNP will provide valuable insights for sheep breeding programs, aiding in the selection of genotypes resistant to scrapie in Türkiye, the Palestinian Authority, and Saudi Arabia.
The
significance of leather in ancient times
Authors: Zdravev Zdravko
Published: September 2023

Leather is one of the human most incredible discoveries. It has a long history from ancient times till present. It has its stamp in the making of different tools, clothes, footwear, dwellings as well as writing. This paper will highlight some of the most significant leather man made creations including those in the vernacular architecture as well as the parchment.
Scattering from Parabolic Cylindrical Reflector Antenna using Physical Optics
Authors: KUYUCUOĞLU Fadıl
Published: September 2023

In this study, numerical analysis of scattering from a dielectric-coated metallic reflector is presented. The reflector has a parabolic cross-sectional cylindrical geometry. Radiation patterns and aperture efficiency parameters are analyzed using physical optics. A complex source point located at the focal point of the parabolic reflector is used as the source of radiation. The dielectric-coated metallic reflector is considered as an antenna, and an impedance boundary is utilized. The effects of coating on radiation patterns are analyzed in terms of dielectric thickness and dielectric permittivity. Numerical results are presented for various parameters, including dielectric permittivity, dielectric layer thickness, complex source point width, and focal distance.
ÇANAKKALE SAVAŞLARI’NDA ÇAKALTEPE BATARYASI
Authors: KARATAŞ Murat , TERZİ Buğra
Published: September 2023

Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın önemli cephelerinden birisi olan Çanakkale’de, boğazın korunması amacıyla kıyılara yerleştirilen sahil bataryaları, 18 Mart 1915 tarihinde Osmanlı Devleti’nin kazandığı zaferin en önemli etkenlerden biri olmuştur. 18 Mart 1915 tarihinden sonra da boğaza yeni bataryalar eklenmiştir. Bu eklenen bataryalar, olası yeni bir donanma taarruzuna karşı hem boğaz geçişini engellemek hem de Çanakkale Boğazı’nın Avrupa yakasında devam etmekte olan kara muharebesine destek olmak amacıyla oluşturulmuştur.

Çakaltepe Bataryası, Çanakkale Boğazı’nın Anadolu yakasında konumlandırılarak 1915 yılının mayıs ayında oluşturulmaya başlanmış ve haziran ayında faaliyete geçmiştir. Kurulduğu anda faal bir çatışma alanı olmayan Anadolu Yakası’nda, Çanakkale Savaşları’nın sonuna kadar da faaliyette kalmıştır. Özelikle Seddülbahir bölgesinin doğusunda görev yapan Fransız birliklerini rahatsız etmiştir. Fransız birlikleri de Çakaltepe Bataryası’nın faaliyetlerini engellemek için topçu ve gemi atışları ile faaliyette bulunmuştur.

Bu makalede Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Çanakkale Cephesi’nde aktif rol almış; savaş devam ederken kurularak yedi aydan fazla görev yapmış Çakaltepe Bataryası’nın kurulması ve Seddülbahir bölgesindeki Fransız birliklerine karşı faaliyetleri konu edilmiştir.
Evaluation of single photon-emission in a small area for organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Azuma Koichiro , Okada Hiroyuki
Published: September 2023

Single photon-emission in organic LEDs (OLEDs) has been evaluated. The device structure of ITO/MoO3 (20 nm)/α-NPD (50 nm)/Alq3 (50 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (70 nm) was evaporated on an ITO substrate. In addition to the common OLED measurements, photon-counting measurements were carried out, where, the light is extracted through a diameter of 100 μmϕ pinhole, and the voltage was precisely controlled within 5 mV steps using a power supply. By decreasing the voltage below 2.25 V, an average photon counting of “1” was observed at 2.135 V.
Exfoliation mechanism of AlGaN-based thin films using heated-pressurized water
Authors: Yamada Ryoya , Matsubara Eri , Kondo Ryosuke , Nishibayashi Toma , Hattori Koki , Imoto Yoshinori , Iwayama Sho , Takeuchi Tetsuya , Kamiyama Satoshi , Maruyama Takahiro , Miyake Hideto , Iwaya Motoaki
Published: September 2023

This study investigated the crystallographic plane dependence of the reaction of AlN and AlGaN using heated-pressurized water under saturated vapor pressure. The results show that the reaction strongly depends on the crystallographic orientation plane, with no reaction in the +c-plane, the formation of an AlOOH-altered layer in the −c-plane, and etching in the a- and m-planes. These results suggest that the exfoliation mechanism of AlGaN grown on periodically formed AlN nanopillars on sapphire substrates using heated-pressurized water involves etching of a- and m-plane crystals, demonstrating that the proposed method is highly reproducible and versatile for large-diameter wafer exfoliation.
MYELOID SARCOMA OF THE BREAST- AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION
Authors: Meena K. , Ravel Naveen
Published: September 2023

Hematological malignancies are the most challenging malignancies in terms of management as they require signicant support in the form of blood
products, strict aseptic conditions etc. Despite the challenge in management, identication of Acute Leukemia is relatively easier due to its classical
manifestations like bleeding manifestations, fever. Rare presentations of extramedullary inltration of Leukemic cells, known as Myeloid
Sarcoma, can make the diagnosis difcult, resulting in delay of initiation of treatment. It is imperative to consider Leukemia as differential
diagnosis in solid organs having uncommon presentation and behavioural pattern
Towards autonomous device protection using behavioral profiling and large language network
Authors: Gupta Sandeep
Published: September 2023

Demand for autonomous protection in computing devices can not go unnoticed with a cataclysmic rise in cyber-attacks. Consequently, cybersecurity measures with an improved generalization that can proactively determine the indicators of compromises to predict zero-day threats or previously unseen malware together with known malware are highly desirable. In this article, we present a novel concept of autonomous device protection based on behavioral profiling by continuously monitoring internal resource usage and exploiting a large language model to distinguish between benign and malicious behavior. We design and develop a proof-of-concept for Windows-based computing devices relying on a built-in event tracing mechanism for log collection that is converted into structured data using a graph data structure. We extract graph-level features, \textit{i.e., graph depth, nodes count, number of leaf nodes, node degree statistics, and events count}, and node-level features, i.e., process start, file create and registry events details for each graph. Further, we exploit a pre-trained large language network - a simple contrastive sentence embedding framework to extract strong features, i.e., dense vectors, from event graphs. Finally, we train a random forest classifier using both the graph- and node-level features to obtain classification models that are evaluated on a collected dataset containing one thousand benign and malicious samples achieving accuracy up to 99.25%.
Gaitmap - An Open Ecosystem for IMU-based Human Gait Analysis and Algorithm Benchmarking
Authors: Küderle Arne , Ullrich Martin , Roth Nils , Ollenschläger Malte , Ibrahim Alzhraa , Moradi Hamid , richer robert , Seifer Ann-Kristin , Zürl Matthias , Sîmpetru Raul , Herzer Liv , Prossel Dominik , Kluge Felix , Eskofier Bjoern
Published: September 2023

Goal: Gait analysis using inertial measurement units (IMUs) has emerged as a promising method for monitoring movement disorders. However, the lack of public data and algorithms hinders method comparison and clinical application development. To address these challenges, this publication introduces the gaitmap ecosystem, a comprehensive set of open source Python packages for gait analysis using foot-worn IMUs. Methods: This initial release includes over 20 state-of-the-art algorithms, enables easy access to seven datasets, and provides eight benchmark challenges with reference implementations. Together with its extensive documentation and tooling, it enables rapid development and validation of new algorithm and provides a foundation for novel clinical applications. Conclusion: The published software projects represent a pioneering effort to establish an open-source ecosystem for IMU-based gait analysis. We believe that this work can democratize the access to high-quality algorithm and serve as a driver for open and reproducible research in the field of human gait analysis and beyond.
Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning-based Capacity Planning for On-demand Vehicular Fog Computing
Authors: Mao Wencan
Published: September 2023

Fog computing reduces network latency by moving computational resources close to where the data is generated. Vehicular fog computing (VFC) is an emerging computing paradigm where fog nodes deployed on moving vehicles (i.e., vehicular fog nodes (VFNs)) complement stationary fog nodes (e.g., the ones co-located with cellular base stations) to satisfy the spatiotemporally varying demand for computing resources in a cost-efficient manner. On-demand VFC (ODVFC) supports dynamic routing of VFNs, with the aim of fulfilling the spatiotemporally varying demand for computational resources in a cost-efficient manner. Different from previous works on capacity planning and vehicle routing that utilize compute-intensive optimization methods such as integer linear programming (ILP), this paper explores the feasibility of applying reinforcement learning to dynamic capacity planning in a time-efficient manner. Specifically, we propose to apply multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) with actor-critic methods to train the VFN routing policies. This approach allows distributed VFNs to cooperatively maximize the techno-economic performance of ODVFC. For evaluation, we built an open-source VFC simulation platform that integrates vehicular traffic simulation with 5G NR V2X and MARL environment. Compared with decentralized learning (i.e., each VFN independently learns its routing policy), centralized learning (i.e., using a global agent for VFN routing), and ILP methods, our proposal proves to achieve 8.3% higher revenue and 13.2% higher number of served tasks than decentralized training; and it has 40.6% and 83% lower execution time than centralized learning and ILP, respectively, with only 14% lower revenue than both. It is also scalable to real-life scenarios with a great number of users and VFNs.
O USO DE ELEMENTOS DA METODOLOGIA DA INVESTIGAÇÃO QUALITATIVA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE CAMPO EM UMA OCUPAÇÃO URBANA NA REGIÃO DA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Sara Batista de Freitas  , Iana Vitória Dias Almeida  , Marilva Linhares Batista  , Lúcia Dias da Silva Guerra
Published: September 2023

Introdução A utilização da metodologia da investigação qualitativa é fundamental para o ensino em saúde, que tem a função de oferecer uma experiência de campo com a aproximação de comunidades em diferentes contextos. Contribuindo para inserção e contato de campo, a condução da pesquisa sobre a comunidade, o conhecimento das realidades e dificuldades enfrentadas pelos moradores tanto no âmbito de qualidade de vida, da determinação social da saúde. Objetivos. Apresentar o uso de elementos da metodologia da investigação qualitativa em uma experiência de campo da área da saúde, na ocupação urbana Vista Alegre do Juá em Santarém-Pará, Região da Amazônia brasileira. Métodos Trata-se de um relato de experiência que utilizou para sua construção elementos da metodologia da investigação qualitativa, como a técnica de bola de neve para aproximação das lideranças da ocupação, entrevistas com relato oral de informantes-chave e a observação para conhecimento do local. Foram realizadas visitas in loco com as lideranças locais e também o contato remoto via whatsapp. Foram realizadas pesquisas junto a órgãos municipais de Santarém, como a Secretaria Municipal de Urbanismo e Serviços Públicos (SEMURB), Secretaria Municipal de Infraestrutura (SEMINFRA), Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS), Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (SEMSA), Núcleo Técnico de Vigilância em Saúde (NTVS) e a Vigilância Epidemiológica para o levantamento de informações sobre a ocupação. Resultados. Foi observado que a ocupação Vista Alegre do Juá sofreu poucas mudanças, no sentido da produção significativa de melhorias de vida da sua população. A ocupação ainda permanece em processo de regularização para se tornar um bairro de fato. Dessa forma, o local ainda tem muitas necessidades de serviços públicos, mesmo que os seus representantes busquem as melhorias necessárias visando mais apoio governamental para a comunidade. Conclusões Apesar dos esforços de seus representantes na busca por melhorias para que a comunidade possa receber mais apoio governamental, a falta de serviços públicos, como escola, saneamento básico ou até mesmo transporte, e principalmente, uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) é algo que torna as condições dessa comunidade ainda mais difícil para a manutenção da vida.
Az otthon és a távoli égövek : Transzlokális és mitikus terek Hajnal Anna költészetében
Authors: Polgár Anikó
Published: September 2023

A tanulmány a mitikus és transzlokális tereket vizsgálja Hajnal Anna (1907–1977) költészetében. A transzlokális terek nem tartoznak egy városhoz, egy kultúrához, többrétegűek, állandóan mozgásban vannak. A Nyugat harmadik nemzedékéhez tartozó Hajnal Anna életművének számos transzkulturális aspektusa van. A költőnő egy német nyelvű faluban (Kohfidisch, Gyepüfüzes), egy magyar–zsidó identitású családban nőtt föl, s ennek a közegnek a későbbiekben minduntalan visszatérő emléke a térbeli hibridizáció lírai megteremtéséhez nyújtott szimbolikus alapot. A tanulmány foglalkozik az emlékezés tereinek aktiválódásával, a vizualizációval, a profán és a szent tér között átjárást biztosító tükör motívumával, a mitikus és egzotikus tereknek (labirintus, alvilág, dzsungel) az otthoni terekbe olvadásával.
Implicações do diabetes na atenção odontológica de adultos jovens: revisão integrativa
Authors: Ferreira Ana Luiza Alves , Machado Fabrício Campos
Published: September 2023

Pacientes jovens com diabetes podem ter complicações orais durante sua vida. Diversos fatores, como o diagnóstico tardio e o mal gerenciamento, podem contribuir para o aparecimento desses problemas. Existem relatos na literatura sobre a importância do incentivo a esses pacientes para o cuidado com a higiene oral. Entretanto, esses pacientes têm dificuldades em conciliar os cuidados com o diabetes e a sua saúde bucal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar na literatura as características da saúde bucal de pessoas jovens com Diabetes Mellitus, verificar o acesso e a adesão aos cuidados em saúde bucal por parte dos mesmos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura com busca de dados nas bases Pubmed e BVS, utilizando os descritores “diabetes”, “jovens” e “saúde bucal” e os correspondentes em inglês. Foram localizados 139 artigos, e após a aplicação de critérios de seleção 125 artigos foram excluídos e 14 foram selecionados para a construção final do trabalho. Constatou-se que na literatura há uma grande quantidade de trabalhos envolvendo o tema e além disso houve consenso entre os trabalhos selecionados que o mal controle do diabetes pode ocasionar uma série de problemas bucais para o indivíduo e que os jovens tem pouca aceitabilidade, ou pouca informação para integrarem os cuidados em saúde bucal à sua rotina.
Zagraniczna twórczość Krzysztofa Zanussiego w okresie PRL-u. Konteksty i konsekwencje współpracy z niemieckimi producentami telewizyjnymi
Authors: Ciszewska Ewa , Kasprzak Marta
Published: September 2023

Artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie kontekstów zagranicznej twórczości Krzysztofa Zanussiego oraz polskiej recepcji prasowej jego filmów z tamtego okresu. Efekty współpracy Zanussiego z niemieckimi producentami (firmami produkcyjnymi i stacjami telewizyjnymi) w większości były niedostępne dla polskich widzów i pomijane w polskim piśmiennictwie filmowym, co doprowadziło do wykształcenia się niepełnej – czy wręcz przekłamanej – sylwetki twórczej reżysera. Skutkowało to istotnym przesunięciem recepcji sylwetki samego Zanussiego i osłabieniem jego pozycji w polu polskiej kinematografii.
Trudne rozwijanie niewykorzystanego potencjału
Authors: Helman Alicja
Published: September 2023

Recenzja książki Kamili Żyto Film noir i kino braci Coen (2017). Jak pisze Helman, autorka poświęciła pierwszą, stosunkowo obszerną część pracy rozważaniom teoretycznym na temat pojęć noir i neo-noir, wykraczając daleko poza przedstawienie literatury przedmiotu, czyli zdanie sprawy z tego, co na interesujący ją temat napisano wcześniej. W jej ujęciu noir to przede wszystkim kwestia światopoglądu filozoficzno-ideologicznego (także estetycznego), czego dowodzi, odwołując się do takich źródeł inspiracji, jak egzystencjalizm (również w jego wersji amerykańskiej) i psychoanaliza, do których przywiązuje duże znaczenie. Jak zauważa recenzentka, książka składa się z poprzedzonych wstępem dwóch części. Pierwsza jest poświęcona teoretycznym rozważaniom wokół fenomenu noir, druga wybranym filmom braci Coen, udowadniającym wysuniętą w pierwszej części tezę. Po przeczytaniu części pierwszej czytelnik jest już doskonale zaznajomiony z warsztatem i narzędziami, które posłużą Kamili Żyto w części drugiej. Choć „kino braci Coen” to drugi człon tytułu, jest to w istocie główny przedmiot zainteresowań autorki, skądinąd wyraźnie zafascynowanej kinem noir. Przedstawiwszy konstrukcję książki i jej główne założenia, Helman dyskutuje z niektórymi tezami Żyto. Ponadto przybliża czytelnikowi analizy filmów przeprowadzone przez autorkę, a także sygnalizuje, że zakończenie książki przynosi próbę zlokalizowania kina neo-noir i twórczości braci Coen w kontekście paradygmatu modernistycznego.
The protective effect of N-acetylcysteine on hippocampal ferroptosis in an experimental obesity model
Authors: TÜFEKCİ Kiymet Kubra , TATAR Musa
Published: September 2023

Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death closely related to a metabolic pathway involving iron overload, imbalanced glutathione metabolism, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation damage. Obesity is closely associated with these imbalances. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of hippocampal ferroptosis in an obesity model and the potential role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against ferroptosis. A high-fat (60%) dietary pattern was used to establish an obesity model for 15 weeks. NAC was administered to NAC and Obese+NAC (ObNAC) groups by oral gavage at a dose of 150 mg/kg for 3 weeks. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and the cystine transporter solute carrier family 7- member 11 (SLC7A11) expression levels were investigated immunohistochemically to detect ferroptosis in hippocampal tissues. In the statistical analysis, H-scores of GPX4 and SLC7A11 in the hippocampus sections of the Ob group were significantly lower than in the control, NAC and ObNAC groups (p
Description of the Role of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Developing Students' Akhlakul Karimah
Authors: Hamdana  , Zaim Nabillah Huda , Mol Arnold Yasin
Published: September 2023

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study was to find out the description of the teacher's role in shaping the akhlakul karimah students at the Junior High School Methodology: The method in this research is a quantitative method. Data analysis is the process of organizing and sorting data into patterns, categories, and basic descriptive units so that hypotheses can be found and formulated as suggested by the data. Main Findings: The results showed that the teacher's role is very important to form students' akhlakul karimah. The importance of having akhlakul karimah for students is to be able to always coexist and be harmonious. By having good morals, of course someone will not dare to do damage. Good morals will be a fortress, will be a shield or protector in every step of life. Novelty/Originality of this study: The teacher's efforts in instilling akhlakul karimah to students through several methods, namely, exemplary, advice, motivation, punishment, habituation, gift giving, and supervision. The teacher supervises student behavior both in the school environment and outside the school environment. So that the role of the teacher is very important in shaping student morality.