bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Composición arbórea de especies asociadas al cacao: selva Lacandona y sistemas agroforestales, Chiapas, México
Authors: Avendaño Arrazate Carlos Hugo , Suárez Venero Gicli Manuel , Mendoza López Alexander , Martínez Bolaños Misael , Reyes Reyes Jorge , Espinosa Zaragoza Saúl
Published: May 2021

Introducción. La composición arbórea asociada al cacao criollo y la que se desarrolla en los sistemas productivos de cacao, es diferente. Esta información es importante para adoptar futuras estrategias en programas de conservación y mejoramiento. Objetivo. Contribuir al conocimiento sobre la composición arbórea de especies asociadas al cacao criollo en México. Materiales y métodos. Los datos analizados en este estudio incluyeron variables de la estructura horizontal y vertical, además de la diversidad de especies arbóreas asociadas al cacao en diferentes condiciones. Este estudio se realizó durante mayo a septiembre del 2018, en parcelas donde se encontraron árboles de cacao criollo en su hábitat natural de la selva Lacandona y en plantaciones de cacao en tres localidades del Soconusco, en Chiapas, México. En las mismas se contabilizaron y clasificaron taxonómicamente las especies arbóreas. Resultados. Asociadas al cacao criollo en la selva Lacandona se registraron veintiún especies, que se agruparon en diecinueve géneros y trece familias, cuya abundancia, riqueza y densidad fue mayor que la registrada en sistemas productivos de cacao en la región del Soconusco, lo que contribuyó a una diferencia entre ambos ecosistemas con solo dos especies compartidas. Conclusión. La abundancia, riqueza y densidad de especies arbóreas asociadas al cacao criollo fue mayor que la registrada en los sistemas de producción, con disimilitud en sus condiciones. Se registraron diferencias en la localización del cultivo del cacao dentro de la estructura vertical de ambos escenarios estudiados.
Producción y calidad de forraje de Sambucus nigra en cercas vivas, trópico alto colombiano
Authors: Panadero Alexander Navas , Hernández Larrota Juan David , Velásquez Mosquera Juan Carlos
Published: May 2021

Introducción. La alimentación de los animales en los sistemas ganaderos del trópico alto colombiano se basa en el pastoreo de gramíneas en monocultivo de baja calidad y biomasa en los periodos de sequía, lo que afecta el desempeño productivo de los animales. Objetivo. Evaluar la producción y la calidad nutricional del forraje de Sambucus nigra L., establecido como un arreglo silvopastoril de cercas vivas. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se desarrolló en la finca San Joaquín, ubicada en Paipa, Colombia; los muestreos se realizaron entre enero 2019 y marzo 2020. En un arreglo de cercas vivas se seleccionó un transecto de 226 m lineales, en los que se escogieron al azar diecisiete árboles. Se evaluó la producción de forraje verde y materia seca de la planta completa y sus fracciones (hojas y tallos), la relación hoja – tallo y la calidad nutricional (NIRS) de la planta completa y de cada fracción. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar, se realizó estadística descriptiva y análisis de varianza no paramétrica (prueba de Kruskal Wallis) para producción de forraje y relación hoja-tallo, el análisis de los datos se hizo mediante el programa Infostat®. Resultados. La producción de forraje verde y materia seca fue de 19,8 t km-1 año-1 y 3,9 t km-1 año-1, respectivamente. Se presentaron diferencias (p<0,0001) en la calidad nutricional, las hojas presentaron mayor calidad, el forraje presentó altos contenidos de proteína cruda, energía metabolizable y digestibilidad, bajo porcentaje de fibra en detergente neutro y fibra en detergente ácido, la relación hoja-tallo fue de 0,8:1, aunque se presentaron diferencias entre muestreos (p<0,0001). Conclusiones. Las cercas vivas de Sambucus nigra generaron alta producción de biomasa comestible por kilómetro al año, el forraje de la planta completa y sus fracciones tuvieron buena calidad nutricional, especialmente proteína cruda, energía y digestibilidad.
The indentation size effect of single-crystalline tungsten revisited
Authors: Wang Jin , Volz Tillmann , Weygand Sabine M. , Schwaiger Ruth
Published: May 2021

In this study, we have investigated the indentation size effect (ISE) of single crystalline tungsten with low defect density. As expected, the hardness shows a pronounced increase with decreasing indentation depth as well as a strong strain rate dependence. For penetration depths greater than about 300 nm, the ISE is well captured by the Nix–Gao model in the context of geometrically necessary dislocations. However, clear deviations from the model are observed in the low depth regime resulting in a bilinear effect. The hardness behavior in the low depth regime can be modeled assuming a non-uniform spacing of the geometrically necessary dislocations. We propose that the bilinear indentation size effect observed reflects the evolution of the geometrically necessary dislocation density. With increasing strain rate, the bilinear effect becomes less pronounced. This observation can be rationalized by the activation of different slip systems.

Graphic abstract
Intervenções Psicológicas na Psico-Oncologia
Authors: Campos Elisa Parahyba , Rodrigues Avelino Luiz , Castanho Pablo
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é divulgar a Psico-Oncologia como uma área de conhecimento que ampliou as possibilidades de atendimento ao portador de câncer seu familiar e equipe de saúde.     O surgimento da Psico-Oncologia é influenciado por diversos fatores relacionados ao desenvolvimento das ciências, mas  não deixa de ser uma necessidade que responde a uma demanda dos últimos anos, quando o câncer não para de atingir cada vez mais pessoas, levando as pesquisas a descobertas intrigantes  mas que muitas vezes não explicam o surgimento e a evolução da doença.     A Psico-Oncologia nasce enfatizando os fatores psicossociais, biológicos e psicológicos no atendimento ao portador de câncer, e busca também uma compreensão maior dos processos de adoecimento e desenvolvimento da moléstia bem como as implicações na vida familiar dos portadores de câncer.
Kwestia mniejszości ukraińskiej w myśli narodowców w II Rzeczpospolitej
Authors: Bałuszyńska Ewa
Published: May 2021

Issue of the minority Ukrainian in the thought of nationalists in the Second Polish RepublicArticle is regarding the approach of nationalist various organisations towards the issue of the Ukrainian. Along with regaining independence the Ukrainian minority determined about 15% of inhabitants of Poland. A national camp created the own vision of creating the state of the Ukrainian and the process of the assimilation. In the article a vision of the independent state of the Ukrainian was presented according to Roman Dmowski, as well as the concept of free Ukraine in taking the National -adical Movement away.
CHEMICAL CHAPERONE EFFECTS ON ARGININE-VASOPRESSIN RECEPTOR 2 MUTANTS
Authors: ERDEM TUNÇDEMİR Beril , KARADUMAN Tuğçe , ÖZCAN TÜRKMEN Merve , ŞAHİN Dilara , MERGEN Hatice , SAĞLAR ÖZER Emel
Published: May 2021

Improper folding of the mutant proteins may finally cause several conformational diseases such as Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI). In recent years, as a therapeutic strategy, chaperone treatment for such diseases is among current issues. In our study, we aimed to analyze the effect of several chemical chaperones on mutant V2 receptors which cause NDI. V2R mutant constructs were introduced into the pLV2R. Mutants were transiently expressed in COS-7 cells. After MTT analyses, cell surface ELISA experiment was performed for understanding the rescue potential of the chaperones of the mutated proteins. As a result, we analyzed that rescue potential of a chemical chaperone depends on both chemical compound and the mutation type. We may conclude that such chaperone treatment studies are valuable for development of the therapeutic strategies.
SYNTHESIS OF SILVER- AND GOLD-N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENE COMPLEXES INCLUDING STRONG METAL-CARBON BINDING
Authors: KALOĞLU Nazan , ÖZDEMİR İsmail
Published: May 2021

In this study, the new benzimidazolium salt (1) containing ether functionalized alkyl group as the NHC ligand precursor was synthesized. Ag-NHC complex (2) was synthesized by interaction with Ag2O of this ligand precursor. The Au-NHC complex was synthesized by interaction the [AuCl(PPh3)] complex with the synthesized Ag-NHC complex. The structures of prepared all new compounds were characterized by different spectroscopic methods.

Bu çalışmada, NHC ligand öncüsü olarak eter fonksiyonlu alkil grubu içeren yeni benzimidazol tuzu (1) sentezlendi. Ag-NHC kompleksi (2) bu ligand öncüsünün Ag2O ile etkileştirilmesiyle sentezlendi. Au-NHC kompleksi (3) sentezlenmiş Ag-NHC kompleksi ile [AuCl(PPh3)] kompleksinin etkileştirilmesiyle

sentezlendi. Hazırlanan tüm yeni bileşiklerin yapısı farklı spektroskopik metotlar ile karakterize edildi.
Treatment Characteristics of Kidney Stone Disease in Children
Authors: Bairashevskaia Anastasia V. , Baidin Sergei P. , Tsarichenko Dmitry G. , Saenko Vladimir S.
Published: May 2021

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a disease caused by the formation of calculi in kidneys and other parts of the urinary tract. The rate of hospitalization of children with KSD worldwide is increasing. The adequate method of calculus extraction and further therapy according to calculus composition and metabolic disorders are crucial for effective treatment of patients with KSD and recurrence risk reduction. This review covers surgical (extracorporeal lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, retrograde intrarenal surgery, ureterolithotripsy, laparoscopy, open surgery) and non-surgical (lithokinetic and litholytic) therapy. Special attention is paid to metaphylaxis, or recurrence prevention, and calculi formation. It is noted that medication of children with KSD can be aggravated by various adverse reactions, complexity in drugs dosages in children of first years of life. Moreover, all surgical methods are characterized by high risk of postoperative complications development. The relevance of KSD genetic nature in children, the role of lifestyle changes in disease development, the implementation of new drugs for metabolic disorders correction are presented in the article.
Cation-exchange resins as heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of 1,3-butadiene from propylene and formaldehyde
Authors: Kutuzova T. M. , Kuznetzova O. M. , Akhmedyanova R. A.
Published: May 2021

The possibility of using the cation-exchange resin Lewatit K2420 as a catalyst for the synthesis of 1,3-butadiene from isopropyl alcohol and formaldehyde solution in one technological stage has been shown. The regularities of the process have been established and the influence of the formaldehyde form (a cyclic trimer 1,3,5-trioxane and a 37% solution in water) on the composition of the reaction mass and the yield of the main and by-products has been assessed. It has been shown that the Lewatit K2420 heterogeneous catalyst showed catalytic activity in all reactions occurring in the synthesis of 1,3-butadiene, including the decomposition of 1,3,5-trioxane, dehydration of isopropyl alcohol into propylene,  condensation of propylene and formaldehyde, dehydration of 3-butene-1-ol, decomposition of 4-methyl-1,3-dioxane, etc.
New possibilities of the functionalization of 6-hydrazino-1,3-dimethyluracils: one-pot synthesis of 5,7-dimethylpyrazolopyrimidine-4,6-dione and 1,3-dimethyl-5-arylidenebarbituric acid derivatives
Authors: Azev Yu. A. , Koptyaeva O. S. , Pospelova T. A.
Published: May 2021

3-aryl-5,7-dimethylpyrazolopyrimidine-4,6-diones and 5-benzylidene-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4,6-triones were obtained by heating hydrazones of 1,3-dimethyl-6 -hydrazinouraciles in trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). The same compounds were also obtained by heating the hydrazones of 1,3-dimethyl-6-hydrazinouraciles in aqueous ethanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid.
Electrophoretic deposition of coatings and bulk compacts using magnesium-doped aluminum oxide nanopowders
Authors: Kalinina E. G. , Rusakova D. S. , Pikalova E. Yu.
Published: May 2021

The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of coatings and bulk compacts in a wide range of thicknesses (from 23 to 1800 μm) from stable suspensions of a magnesium-doped aluminum oxide nanopowder with subsequent sintering of samples into dense ceramics was studied. The initial nanopowder was obtained by the method of electric explosion of an Al-Mg alloy wire with a Mg content of 1.3 wt. %. The study of the dispersion composition, kinetics of deaggregation under the ultrasonic treatment and zeta potential in the nanopowder-based suspensions was carried out. It was shown that a nearly linear increase in the deposited mass and thickness of EPD deposits occurred at a constant voltage of 20 V and an average deposition current of approximately 40 μA when the deposition time was varied from 1 to 180 min. Drying of the coatings with a thickness of less than 35 μm led to the formation of a net of small cracks, while drying of the bulk compacts with a thickness of more than 1 mm occurred without cracking. The ceramic bulk sample with a thickness of 1.2 mm and the density of 98.7% TD was successfully obtained by sintering at 1650 °C for 4 h. It was characterized by a dense grain structure with an average grain size of 5 μm and the presence of a small number of closed pores less than 1 μm in size. Sintering of ceramics was revealed to be accompanied by the formation of a MgAl2O4 crystalline spinel phase, localized mainly at grain boundaries.
Physical and Chemical Characterization of Drag Reducing Polymer Based on Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in Human Blood Flow
Authors: Jawad Akram Jassim , Braihi Auda J.
Published: May 2021

A new attempt to use Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a bio-drag reducing polymer agent for human blood flow has been studied. PVP was added at 0, 500, 750 and 1000 part per million (ppm) and mixed with human blood at room temperature for 2 minutes. Then, a cone on plate rheometer was used to investigate the effectiveness of PVP agent on blood rheological properties. The results showed significant effecting of PVP on blood fluidity characteristics, where the viscosity decreased as the PVP content increased or as a shear rate increased. For a certain shear rate, the shear stress decreased as PVP content increased. These changes will lead to increased mixing efficiency within the capillaries, increased oxygen transportation, increased tissue perfusion, modified red blood cells (RBCs) distribution, reduced pressure drop gradients, enhanced turbulent flow tendency, enhanced viscoelasticity nature of the blood and its strengthened non-Newtonian pattern. Also, the results showed that the viscosity-shear stress relationships become more linear at higher PVP concentrations. PVP addition caused no shifting in UV-absorbing positions and only moderate intensity changing. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) parameters provide other indicators about the role of PVP as a drag reduction agent for blood flow, where all of the amplitude, hybrid and special parameters decreased significantly.
Self-centering walls strengthening by high-performance concrete: a feasibility study
Authors: Jafari Abouzar , Preti Marco , Beheshti Meysam , Dugnani Roberto
Published: May 2021

In this research, the feasibility of strengthening self-centering walls by high-performance concrete was investigated through an experimentally validated finite element model. The effects of the wall’s axial stress and tendons’ prestressing ratios on the wall’s damage, and the effectiveness of potential strengthening approaches were studied through 40 independent scenarios, and 360 different cases. Using the estimated damage from numerical results at the compression zone near the bottom corners, the maximum compressive strain of the concrete at the walls’ toe regions was estimated. Using the calibrated concrete strain, a practical approach was proposed to delimit both the walls’ damaged height and the crushed height. The heights’ information was used to investigate two potential strengthening approaches by either retrofitting (for damaged walls) or rehabilitating (for newly constructed walls). Increasing the axial stress ratio decreased the maximum developed compressive strain in the toe region, whereas the tendons’ prestressing ratio did not show significant effects. Moreover, by increasing substantially the axial stress ratio, the damaged region increased, whereas by increasing the tendons’ prestressing ratio the opposite effect was produced. Based on the findings of this research, it was concluded that for walls with lower axial stress ratio (< 0.095), both the proposed strengthening approaches resulted in similar outcomes, while for walls with higher axial stress ratio, casting the bottom portion with HPFRC led to sounder/safer designs.
El arbitraje entre bloques de integración en el Acuerdo MERCOSUR - Unión Europea
Authors: Ortiz Godofredo Agustín
Published: May 2021

El Acuerdo de Asociación Estratégica para el libre comercio entre el MERCOSUR y la Unión Europea presenta reglas para el intercambio de los negocios jurídicos comerciales entre los Estados que los conforman. Dentro de los numerosos avances que traerá para el comercio multilateral de bienes y servicios se destaca la creación de un sistema de solución de disputas por medio de arbitraje, permitiendo a los mismos procesos de integración dirimir controversias actuando como sujetos de derecho internacional. El Acuerdo es uno de los primeros en crear este nuevo método de solución de controversias en Acuerdos de Libre Comercio entre bloques de integración.
A contribuição das normas comunitárias para a circulação de divórcios internacionais no MERCOSUL: um estudo comparado entre o MERCOSUL e a União Europeia
Authors: Torres Marcos Vinicius
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho trata do divórcio, como instituto que organiza o estatuto familiar decorrente da dissolução do casamento, com foco nos efeitos transnacionais dentro de blocos de integração regional, onde garante-se a liberdade de circulação. O artigo analisa a regulamentação do divórcio, por meio de normas típicas de direito internacional privado e recurso a mecanismos de cooperação jurídica internacional, nos dois principais blocos de integração regional hoje existentes, o MERCOSUL e a União Europeia. Divide-se o estudo em três aspectos principais do divórcio no plano transnacional: jurisdição competente, lei aplicável e reconhecimento e execução de decisões estrangeiras. Uma análise comparativa entre o regime jurídico do divórcio nas normas comunitárias dos dois blocos é feita, de modo a indicar como as normas mercosulinas podem se beneficiar da experiência europeia.
MERFISH - Preparation of Encoding Probes v1
Authors: R. Blosser Timothy , Zhuang Xiaowei
Published: May 2021

MERFISH is a single-cell transcriptome imaging method capable of simultaneously imaging thousands of RNA species in single cells by massively multiplexing single-molecule FISH (1). For a typical MERFISH imaging experiment, the genes are imaged by using error-robust barcodes to encode distinct RNA species, combinatorial labeling to physically imprint the barcodes onto the RNAs, and sequential imaging to read out the barcodes bit-by-bit. Hence in a typical round of hybridization during MERFISH, many genes are imaged in parallel. However, in some experiments that include genes that are expressed at very high levels, these high abundance genes are imaged in a sequential manner, one per color channel, without using barcoding and combinatorial labeling. This is because high abundance results in single-molecule signals too dense such that fluorescent puncta from individual molecules are no longer resolvable. This protocol covers the preparation of all encoding probes used for a MERFISH experiment, including those used for 1) the combinatorial imaging rounds, 2) the sequential rounds of single-molecule FISH imaging, and 3) imaging the membrane marker concanavalin A (ConA). The steps for preparing the encoding probe library for the combinatorial rounds are based on previous work (dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.mepc3dn). This protocol is a part of a collection of protocols used in the profiling of OCT- embedded fresh-frozen metastatic breast cancer tissue samples with MERFISH for the Human Tumor Atlas Pilot Project (HTAPP). 1. Spatially-resolved single-cell genomics and transcriptomics by imaging. X. Zhuang. Nature Methods1818-22 (2021)
Protocol for nuclei isolation from fresh and frozen tissues using Salty-Ez10 buffer: compatible with snRNA-Seq and Multiome workflows from 10x Genomics v1
Authors: G Martelotto Luciano
Published: May 2021

This is a protocol in development, which means it has not yet tested/challenged with multiple samples. So, please make sure you take it for a test drive before committing to it. Once you do please share your experience with me via email, Twitter or as a comment.
Protocol for nuclei isolation from fresh and frozen tissues using Salty-Ez10 buffer: compatible with snRNA-Seq and Multiome workflows from 10x Genomics v2
Authors: G Martelotto Luciano
Published: May 2021

This is a protocol in development, which means it has not yet tested/challenged with multiple samples. So, please make sure you take it for a test drive before committing to it. Once you do please share your experience with me via email, Twitter or as a comment.
THE STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRACY IN UKRAINE
Authors: Medvedska Viktoriia
Published: May 2021

The relevance of the state of deliberative democracy development in Ukraine is connected with the low efficiency of interaction between civil society and public authorities in Ukraine, as well as the inadequate level of functioning of existing deliberative democracy instruments. Since the decision-making system that was developed in recent years in Ukraine does not provide a rational approach, but is based on a one-sided understanding of political realities without taking into account the views of civil society, it is necessary to explore the deliberative democracy in Ukrain, by which the author understands the model of democracy, which is based on institutionalized dialogue between government and civil society, rational discourse, discussion, persuasion, argumentation, compromise, in which compliance ensures rational decisions.
The comparative method was used in comparing the procedural consolidation and, in particular, the actual holding of public hearings by the Ternopil City Council and the Ladyzhyn City Council. The structural-functional method allowed to study the main mechanisms of deliberative democracy (local initiatives, general meetings of citizens, public hearings) as a factor in increasing the level of citizen involvement in political decision-making.
Based on this, an absence of the mechanism to control the decision-making process on local initiatives was identified. The article proved the incapacity of deliberative instruments in Ukraine, without overcoming which it is impossible to count not only on the ideal, but also, at least, on the optimal model of development of deliberative democracy. As a result, the author presented ways to improve the legal regulation of the general meetings of citizens at the place of residence in order to increase the level of citizens involvement in the deliberative discourse in Ukraine.
APPLICATION OF ISRAELI FOREIGN POLICY TECHNOLOGIES THROUGH THE PRO-ISRAEL LOBBY IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Niehina Vlada , Vysotskyi Oleksandr
Published: May 2021

Israeli-American relations are based on common democratic values. The pro-Israel lobby is considered one of the most powerful, well-funded, and has ties to American politicians it supports during the election campaign. But lobbyists are faced with the task of obtaining pro-Israel support in important issues for the Jewish state: security, the status of Jewish settlements, Iran’s nuclear program, financial support under the «Memorandum of understanding on military assistance» and improving relations with the Arab world through the mediation of the United States. Since the lobby consists of various organizations and groups, there are certain contradictions in views between them. Special attention is paid to the implementation of the foreign policy of the Jewish state by AIPAC and J-Street organizations, as the largest and most influential in the United States. The technologies of Israel’s foreign policy through lobbying pro-Israel groups in the United States are: financial support for congressmen and senators, organizing trips to the Jewish state, initiating and holding discussions of problems in Congress and the Senate, organizing annual congresses with the participation of American and Israeli officials.
BLACK LIVES MATTER AS A POLITICAL AND SOCIAL MOVEMENT: IMAGINATION AND REALITY
Authors: Skrypchenko Ihor
Published: May 2021

The study of the emergence of the Black Lives Matter political and social movement in the U.S. allows us to identify the real goals that drove the organizers of the movement during its creation and understand the reason for the protests in the U.S. in 2020.
The real reasons behind the emergence of the political and social movement «Black Lives Matter» have been found to be far from defending the democratic principles of freedom and responsibility, instead being a covert form of manipulation of the issues of racism by the African American movement’s organisers for the purpose of achieving political dividends and power. In summary, most researchers, especially those representing the African American community, have been skeptical of the Black Lives Matter movement’s political statements and beliefs. The scholars see in the essence of the protests only speculations on the notion of racism by some representatives of the Black community.
This argument is proved by both forensic data certifying the absence of a biased attitude towards the African Americans on the part of police officers, and the nexus between high mortality among African Americans and other factors, not highlighted by the BLM movement’s organisers. The impartiality of the US judiciary while considering and deciding upon the aforementioned cases has been confirmed. Data on African American and White American mortality caused by the use of weapons on the part of police officers have been analysed. Thus, the article has posited that critique of the police measures is biased and does not benefit the African American community.
ESTABLISHMENT OF DEMOCRACY IN TRANSITIVE COUNTRIES: CONCLUSIONS FOR UKRAINE
Authors: Tukalenko Inna
Published: May 2021

The article raises a problem of topical interest — establishing the fundamental causes which influence the success of democratic transition. The concept of democratic transition is used here as synonymous to its Ukrainian equivalent — establishment of democracy. Establishment of democracy is a complex, multilevel, and lasting process of transition from authoritarianism to consolidated democracy, which has both country-specific and common features. It allows scientists to categorize the features, factors, and patterns of transition dynamics in aggregate and to detect the universal characteristics of a successful transition.
With that in mind the goal of the research was established — to systematize the factors that facilitate successful transition to consolidation phase and to determine their representation during transition in Ukraine. To achieve the goal the author analyzed the indexation criteria of development of different approaches and systematized the most significant of them. Apart from that, the role of protest movements in the process of transition to democracy was determined.
As a result, the most significant factors of democratization were established to be economical stability, cultivation of postmaterial values (self-expression), institutionalization of civil segment and independence of legal system. It was ascertained that the most problematic zones for Ukraine are weak dynamics of growth in number of people oriented toward self-expression values and the independence of legal system.
Características clínicas y respuesta al recambio plasmático terapéutico en los pacientes con síndrome de Guillain Barré
Authors: Guevara-Silva Erik , Castro-Suarez Sheila , Caparó-Zamalloa César , Cortez-Escalante Jaqueline , Meza-Vega María
Published: May 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue describir las características clínicas, la respuesta al tratamiento y posibles factores asociados de los pacientes con síndrome de Guillain Barré en el Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo sobre egresos hospitalarios durante el periodo 2017–2019. La respuesta al tratamiento se evaluó mediante la escala de discapacidad de Hughes. De los 31 pacientes el 61,3% eran varones, y la edad promedio fue de 50 años. Al ingreso, el 87,1% de pacientes se encontraban en el grado 3 o 4 de la escala de Hughes, la mayoría con compromiso axonal, el cual estuvo asociado a discapacidad. Solo 22 pacientes recibieron recambio plasmático; luego de seis meses el 90,9% disminuyó al menos en un grado en la escala de Hughes y el 42,8% quedaron sin discapacidad. En conclusión, se encontró un predominio del sexo masculino y del compromiso axonal, este último asociado a discapacidad
Resultados materno-perinatales en gestantes con COVID-19 en un hospital nivel III del Perú
Authors: Dávila-Aliaga Carmen , Hinojoza-Pérez Rosmary , Espinola-Sánchez Marcos , Torres-Marcos Elsa , Guevara-Ríos Enrique , Espinoza-Vivas Ylia , Mendoza-Ibañez Elina , Saldaña-Díaz Claudia
Published: May 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo describir los resultados materno-perinatales de gestantes con infección por SARS-CoV-2 identificadas antes del parto, en un hospital nivel III del Perú. Se evaluaron variables sociodemográficas, complicaciones obstétricas y morbilidades neonatales en los nacimientos ocurridos entre el 1 de abril y el 30 de junio de 2020, en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal del Perú. Se registraron 43 recién nacidos, 93% de las madres fueron asintomáticas. Las complicaciones obstétricas más frecuentes fueron rotura prematura de membranas (18,6%) y preeclampsia (11,6%). El 65,1% de nacimientos fue por parto vaginal, solo uno de los recién nacidos presentó resultado positivo a la prueba de reacción en cadena de polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RT-PCR) para COVID-19, las comorbilidades de los recién nacidos fueron prematuridad (11,3%), bajo peso al nacer (9,3%), cuatro ingresaron a cuidados intermedios y dos a cuidados intensivos. Se concluye que el 2,4% de los recién nacidos hijos de madres con COVID-19 presentó prueba molecular positiva de RT-PCR, el 14% de recién nacidos presentó morbilidad como prematuridad, bajo peso al nacer, sepsis y neumonía que requirió ventilación. La morbilidad neonatal se encontró en recién nacidos cuya prueba de RT-PCR fue negativa para COVID-19.
Consideraciones metodológicas sobre el artículo «Uso de terapias de medicina alternativa y complementaria en la provincia de Coronel Portillo, Ucayali, Perú»
Authors: Vargas-Fernández Rodrigo
Published: May 2021

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La regulación de los ensayos clínicos para la COVID-19 en el Perú
Authors: Cahuina Lope Paula , Carracedo Sarah , Romani Franco
Published: May 2021

La COVID-19 ha afectado la conducción de los ensayos clínicos a nivel mundial. Iniciada la emergencia sanitaria en Perú, el gobierno nacional tomó medidas para promover y garantizar la realización de los ensayos clínicos en COVID-19. Se conformó un comité de ética nacional exclusivo para ensayos clínicos COVID-19 y se implementó una regulación para asegurar la realización ética y oportuna de ensayos clínicos. Hasta el 31 de diciembre del 2020, el Instituto Nacional de Salud autorizó 29 ensayos clínicos, de los cuales cinco evalúan vacunas. El tiempo promedio y desviación estándar de la autorización fue 19,3 y 10,5 días, respectivamente. El 58,6% (n= 17) fueron ensayos clínicos fase II y el 34,5% (n= 10) fueron fase III; el 31,0% (n= 9) tuvo como patrocinador a una institución peruana. La finalidad de las acciones implementadas fue promover la investigación para la COVID-19, respondiendo a las necesidades y tiempos de la emergencia sanitaria, sin afectar la protección de los participantes ni la rigurosidad de los estudios.
Caracterización de Escherichia coli D7111 productora de β-lactamasa TEM-176
Authors: Ruiz Joaquim , Pons Maria J. , Mosquito Susan , Ochoa Theresa J. , Sáenz Yolanda
Published: May 2021

El presente reporte es la descripción original de blaTEM-176. Se caracterizaron los mecanismos de resistencia a antimicrobianos de un aislamiento de Escherichia coli enterotoxigénica, determinándose la resistencia a 22 antimicrobianos categorizados en 15 grupos diferentes mediante difusión en agar, estableciéndose grupo filogenético, mecanismos de resistencia y presencia de integrones de Clase 1 y 2 mediante PCR. Integrones y genes de resistencia a β-lactámicos fueron secuenciados. El aislamiento del grupo filogenético A, mostró resistencia o sensibilidad disminuida a ampicilina, amoxicilina más ácido clavulánico, ácido nalidíxico, ciprofloxacino, estreptomicina, kanamicina, tetraciclina, trimetoprim, sulfisoxazol, cotrimoxazol, azitromicina y nitrofurantoina, detectándose la presencia de blaTEM, aadA1/2, aphA1, sul3, tet(A) y un integron de Clase 2 conteniendo un gen dfrA1. La resistencia a quinolonas se relacionó con la substitución Ser83Ala. La secuencia de TEM mostró la substitución Ala222Val, la cual a la fecha no había sido descrita, reportándose como una nueva β-lactamasa, con el nombre de blaTEM-176.
Replica: Consideraciones metodológicas sobre el uso de terapias de medicina alternativa y complementaria en la provincia de Coronel Portillo, Ucayali, Perú
Authors: Santiváñez-Acosta Rocio , Valenzuela-Oré Félix , Ángulo-Bazán Yolanda
Published: May 2021

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Estandarización y validación de una prueba molecular RT-LAMP in house para el diagnóstico de SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Escalante-Maldonado Oscar , Vidal-Anzardo Margot , Donaires Fernando , Solis-Sanchez Gilmer , Gallesi Italo , Pampa-Espinoza Luis , Huaringa Maribel , Rojas-Serrano Nancy , García Coralih , Angles-Yanqui Eddie , Gavilán Ronnie Gustavo , Durães-Carvalho Ricardo , Mendez-Rico Jairo , Cabezas César , Marques-Simas Paulo Vitor
Published: May 2021

Objetivos: Estandarizar una prueba RT-LAMP in house para la detección de SARS-CoV-2 y validarla con muestras de laboratorio y de campo en pacientes con sospecha clínica de COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Se estandarizó una prueba molecular RT-LAMP in house para la detección de SARS-CoV-2 estableciéndose el límite de detección con células Vero de cepas peruanas aisladas de SARS-CoV-2. Se validó la prueba en laboratorio con 384 muestras de hisopado nasal y faríngeo (HNF) obtenidas entre marzo y julio de 2020. Para la validación de campo se obtuvieron muestras de HNF de 383 casos sintomáticos sospechosos de COVID-19. Todas las muestras fueron evaluadas por RT-LAMP y RT-qPCR. Para la validación de laboratorio y de campo se consideró como estándar de referencia al RT-qPCR, se calcularon medidas de concordancia y rendimiento diagnóstico. Resultados: El límite de detección fue consistente en los casos con umbral de ciclo (Ct) Ct 30 en ambas pruebas, mostrando eficiencia para detectar hasta 1000 copias/μL del gen diana. Se evidenció robustez con la mitad de las concentraciones de cebadores y 20 μL de volumen final. Se identificó ausencia de amplificación para otros coronavirus humanos. La concordancia en laboratorio obtuvo un Kappa de 0,88 (IC 95%: 0,83–0,93) y en campo fue de 0,89 (IC 95%: 0,84−0,94); la sensibilidad en laboratorio fue de 87,4% (IC 95%: 80,8−92,4) y en campo fue de 88,1% (IC 95%: 81,6−92,9), la especificidad en ambos escenarios fue de 98,8% (IC 95%: 96,4−99,7). Conclusiones: La prueba RT-LAMP in house fue validada por presentar una adecuada robustez, sin reacciones cruzadas, buena concordancia y rendimiento diagnóstico comparado con el RT-qPCR.
A serendipitous case report of acute pancreatitis complicated by pseudocyst in a patient with COVID-19
Authors: Shenoy Vallish , Baindur Aditya J. J
Published: May 2021

Acute pancreatitis is a common gastrointestinal disease, most frequently requiring acute hospitalization. During SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) pandemic, the etiologic agent of COVID-19, several studies described the involvement of other tissues besides the respiratory tract, such as the gastrointestinal tract. In pancreas, ACE-2 receptor is expressed in exocrine glands and islets, both being targets for the virus and subsequent pancreatic injury. There are few articles which report pancreatic injury in COVID-19 patients but most of them do not report acute pancreatitis. Diagnosing acute pancreatitis in the setting of COVID-19 pandemic is challenging and requires ruling out all other potential causes of pancreatitis. Herein we report a rare case of severe acute pancreatitis.
Pattern of WhatsApp and Facebook usage and its impact on sleep quality among nursing students in Pondicherry
Authors: Chandramoorthy Karthikraja , Rajendran Prahankumar , Newtonraj Ariarathinam , Rajamanickam Rajalakshmi , Purty Anil J.
Published: May 2021

Background: Usage of social networking sites like WhatsApp and Facebook in smartphones has become a basic necessity in today’s life, especially among college students. However, the excess usage of mobile phone affects sleep quality and attention span. Nursing students are prone to sleep disturbance due to their academics and work pattern. The aim of the study was to assess the pattern of WhatsApp and Facebook usage among nursing students and its impact on their sleep quality.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 168 nursing students of a nursing college in Puducherry. Participants were explained about the purpose of study and written informed consent was obtained. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed using PSQI scale. Institutional ethics committee approval was obtained for the study. The data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA 14.Results: Among the study participants, most of them prefer WhatsApp over Facebook. Almost 40% of the students had poor quality of sleep. There was statistically significant association between usage of WhatsApp while feeling sleepy, while having food and poor quality of sleep. However, the adjusted prevalence ratio of poor sleep quality did not show statistical significance.  Conclusions: The current study showed statistical significance between certain pattern of WhatsApp usage leading to poor sleep quality among nursing students. Thus, corrective measures have to be implemented to moderate the mobile phone usage and improve the sleep quality of nursing students.
Seguimiento médico de los niños con síndrome de Down
Authors: Flores Arizmendi Karla Adney , Vargas Robledo Tania Tonantzin , Eguiarte Díaz Gabriela , Gómez Puente Lidia del Carmen
Published: May 2021

La identificación de la alteración en el cromosoma 21 ha permitido catalogar las principales comorbilidades coexistentes en las personas con síndrome de Down. Desde 1866 John Langdon Down realizó una descripción de algunos problemas médicos en las personas con trisomía 21, pero no fue sino hasta 1970 cuando Coleman efectuó una revisión de las comorbilidades y estudios de laboratorio y gabinete que regularmente deben practicarse en esta población.
Caracterización clínica y desenlaces en neonatos con catéter central venoso o arterial
Authors: Martínez Sánchez Lina María , López López Lucelly , Álvarez Hernandez Luis Felipe , Ruiz Mejía Camilo , Jaramillo Jaramillo Laura Isabel , Roldán Isaza Mariana , Villegas Alzate Juan Diego
Published: May 2021

ANTECEDENTES: La cateterización intravascular es un procedimiento para insertar un catéter en el espacio endoluminal, con el fin de administrar fluidos, fármacos o determinar constantes fisiológicas.OBJETIVO: Identificar los factores asociados con la mortalidad en recién nacidos con un catéter central en tres instituciones de alto nivel de complejidad de Medellín, Colombia.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, analítico, de cohorte retrospectiva llevado a cabo en neonatos a quienes se colocó un catéter central venoso o arterial en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Fuente de información: historias clínicas. Se estimaron las frecuencias absolutas y relativas para resumir las variables cualitativas y cuantitativas: se resumieron con mediana y rango intercuartílico. Para determinar qué variables se asociaban con la muerte se estimaron pruebas de c2 y RR con IC95%.RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 149 neonatos: 56 (37.6%) de sexo femenino y 93 del masculino (62.4%). La principal forma de parto fue vértice espontáneo para 78 (52.3%) neonatos y 84 (56.4%) prematuros. En cuanto a peso adecuado para la edad gestacional lo tuvieron 107 (71.8%) y 32 (21.5%) fallecieron durante la atención. La cromosomopatía y la hipertensión pulmonar se relacionaron con incremento en la mortalidad.CONCLUSIÓN: Se lograron determinar las principales características clínicas de los pacientes a quienes se instaló un catéter intravascular, que concuerdan con lo descrito en la bibliografía y permiten tener mayor certeza, de manera anticipada, respecto de los neonatos que podrán requerir este tipo de intervenciones.
A man in a digital age: Digital world interpreted in J. Campos García’s theatre
Authors: Bagdasarova Anna A.
Published: May 2021

The article conceptualizes the problem of the place and the role of technology in the life of humanity and its significance in today’s society. The analysis is based on the plays written in the 2000’s by Jesus Campos Garcia, one of the most beloved modern Spanish playwrights. Campos Garcia’s theatre is always closely linked to relevant socio-cultural problems and represents the playwright’s comprehensive introspection towards how specific the influence of modern technology – primarily digital technology – on modern life is; his self-consciousness. An exemplary work in this respect is his existential drama “Naufragar en Internet” (1999) followed by Campos Garcia’s essay “La tecnología como metáfora” (2004), in which, early into the era of active computerization he addresses the questions of the correlation between the real and the virtual; the influence of technology on everyday life and the opening up of possibilities; the existential fears and aspirations of humanity – the fear of non-existence, thirst for immortality, etc. – reflected in modern technology. The present topic is further developed in the playwright’s later works (“d.juan@simetrico.es” 2008; “...y la casa crecía”, 2016).
Governança universitária e rankings acadêmicos à luz da literatura acadêmica brasileira
Authors: Wandercil Marco , Calderón Adolfo-Ignacio , Ganga-Contreras Francisco Aníbal
Published: May 2021

Partindo do pressuposto que a temática da governança universitária e sua interface com os rankings acadêmicos é pouco explorada em termos de pesquisas científicas no âmbito acadêmico brasileiro, o presente estudo tem como objetivo traçar e analisar o estado da questão na literatura acadêmica brasileira sobre a governança universitária e sua inter-relação com os rankings acadêmicos com o intuito de identificar as tendências predominantes, tendo como indicadores analíticos: conceito, metodologia e bases epistemológicas. Realizou-se análise bibliográfica de estudos produzidos sobre a temática, tendo como corpus analítico a produção científica brasileira sobre governança universitária e sobre rankings acadêmicos em termos de artigos científicos, dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado. Entre os principais achados desta pesquisa: 1) identificou-se a incipiência da temática governança universitária na literatura acadêmica brasileira, sendo a maioria das produções nas ciências humanas; 2) verificou-se tratar de um tema altamente polissêmico que converge para o processo de tomada de decisão, envolvendo múltiplos aspectos da vida universitária como, gestão do conhecimento, gestão financeira, autoavaliação, influência política, transparência, participação e envolvimento dos stakeholders; 3) inferiu-se que o conceito de governança universitária está alinhado a uma estrutura ágil e flexível no processo de tomada de decisão, frente a um cenário de grandes mudanças e múltiplas demandas, ultrapassando aos conceitos básicos de gestão universitária; 4) identificou-se explicita inter-relação da governança universitária com os rankings acadêmicos, sendo estes, considerados ferramentas importantes de governança, quando considerados pelas universidades em seu planejamento estratégico para superar fragilidades identificadas.
Produção de currículo em uma escola do campo: uma análise sobre inclusão
Authors: Lima Tânia Maria de , Dormevil Mariana Rodrigues Athayde
Published: May 2021

Este artigo põe em pauta questões relativas às experiências curriculares de uma escola do campo situada em um assentamento do município de Nobres - Mato Grosso. O escopo é analisar proposições curriculares que buscam articular demandas e saberes locais com orientações expressas na Base Nacional Comum Curricular, em tempos de crise na ciência. É dada centralidade aos desafios da inclusão de estudantes do campo em um contexto marcado por políticas curriculares que estabelecem padrões generalizados de saberes, competências, habilidades e de avaliação, em nome da qualidade do ensino. Busca-se amparo teórico nos estudos culturais para analisar dados extraídos de documentos e de narrativas de professores e de alunos do Ensino Médio da escola pesquisada. Argumenta-se a favor de metodologias de produção curricular que respeitem as diferenças como forma de assegurar o sentimento de pertencimento a uma instituição educativa atenta às singularidades do seu próprio espaço.
Relaciones entre currículo y didáctica: conceptualizaciones, desafíos y conflictos
Authors: Diaz-Barriga Angel
Published: May 2021

En este ensayo el autor le da un vuelco a la tesis que sostuvo en su libro Didáctica y curriculum, Convergencia en los programas de estudio, publicado en el siglo pasado en donde plantea una complementariedad entre las propuestas del ámbito didáctico y curricular. Su aproximación actual desarrolla un análisis de la estructura epistémica de ambas disciplinas y cuestiona que en la misma subyace una idea de normatividad sobre lo que es deseable que acontezca en el aula y en los aprendizajes de los alumnos. Sostiene que en este caso lo que se busca es lograr una homogeneidad en los procesos de aprendizaje, pero al mismo tiempo muestra como esa estructura rompe con los aspectos normativos cuando aparece en escena el debate sobre el sujeto y su singularidad. La ruptura epistémica que se da en el surgimiento y evolución de ambas disciplinas, aunque permite sostener la búsqueda de lo homogeneo, al mismo tiempo defiende que sólo puede formarse un sujeto, a partir de sus procesos singulares. Para ello, plantea un análisis del conflicto ideológico en el que surgen ambas disciplinas, una en el siglo XVII y otra en el XX, así como la forma como este conflicto es ignorado por los sistemas educativos que apuntan más a reconocer la parte normativa común a sus proyectos, que al reconocimiento de los rasgos específicos de los sujetos en formación.