bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Left Ventricle Segmentation in Cardiac MR: A Systematic Mapping of the Past Decade
Authors: Ribeiro Matheus A. O. , Nunes Fátima L. S.
Published: February 2022

Left ventricle segmentation in short-axis cardiac magnetic resonance images is important to diagnose heart disease. However, repetitive manual segmentation of these images requires considerable human effort and can decrease diagnostic accuracy. In recent years, several fully and semi-automatic approaches have been proposed, mainly using image-based, atlas, graph, deformable model, and artificial intelligence methods. This article presents a systematic mapping on left ventricle segmentation, considering 74 studies published in the past decade. The main contributions of this review are definition of the main segmentation challenges in these images; proposal of a new schematization, dividing the segmentation process into stages; categorization and analysis of the segmentation methods, including hybrid combinations; and analysis of the evaluation process, metrics, and databases. The performance of the methods in the most used public database is assessed, and the main limitations, weaknesses, and strengths of each method category are presented. Finally, trends, challenges, and research opportunities are discussed. The analysis indicates that methods from all categories can achieve good performance, and hybrid methods combining deep learning and deformable models obtain the best results. Methods still fail in specific slices, segment wrong regions, and produce anatomically impossible segmentations.
Local Basicity Dependent Gas-Liquid Interfacial Corrosion of Nickel Anode and Its Protection in Molten Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3
Authors: Wang Peilin , Zhang Yu , Shi Hao , Li Peng , Du Kaifa , Yin Huayi , Wang Dihua
Published: February 2022

Revealing the gas-liquid interfacial corrosion mechanism of metals under anodic polarization in molten salts is crucial for the development of metallic anodes for molten carbonate electrolysis. Herein, the effects of operating temperature, gas atmosphere, applied current density and electrolysis time on the gas-liquid interfacial corrosion behaviors of nickel anodes in molten Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3 were systematically investigated. It was found that the gas-liquid interfacial corrosion of nickel anodes was accelerated with decreasing temperature and increasing CO2 content of gas atmosphere. Three distinct corrosion regions of nickel anodes can be identified: (I) the thin salt film region, (II) the meniscus region, and (III) the full immersion region. It was revealed that the formation of negative basicity gradient in the meniscus induced the dissolution/re-precipitation of NiO scale, thereby accelerating the gas-liquid interfacial corrosion of nickel anodes. Furthermore, an Al2O3 sheath was applied to shield the gas-liquid part of nickel electrodes to prevent gas-liquid interfacial corrosion, thus making Ni a stable oxygen-evolution inert anode.
ACEA Attenuates Oxidative Stress by Promoting Mitophagy via CB1R/Nrf1/PINK1 Pathway after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats
Authors: Liu Binbing , Tian Yang , Li Yuchen , Wu Pei , Zhang Yongzhi , Zheng Jiaolin , Shi Huaizhang
Published: February 2022

Background and Purpose. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The CB1R agonist ACEA has been reported to have a neuroprotective effect in many central nervous system diseases. Our study was aimed at exploring the effect and mechanism of ACEA in an experimental SAH model. Method. Endovascular perforation was performed to establish a SAH model of rats. ACEA was administered intraperitoneally 1 h after SAH. The CB1R antagonist AM251 was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before SAH induction. Adenoassociated virus- (AAV-) Nrf1 shRNA was infused into the lateral ventricle 3 weeks before SAH induction. Neurological tests, immunofluorescence, DHE, TUNEL, Nissl staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Western blot were performed. Results. The expression of CB1R, Nrf1, PINK1, Parkin, and LC3II increased and peaked at 24 h after SAH. ACEA treatment exhibited the antioxidative stress and antiapoptosis effects after SAH. In addition, ACEA treatment increased the expression of Nrf1, PINK1, Parkin, LC3II, and Bcl-xl but repressed the expression of Romo-1, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, the TEM results demonstrated that ACEA promoted the formation of mitophagosome and maintained the normal mitochondrial morphology of neurons. The protective effect of ACEA was reversed by AM251 and Nrf1 shRNA, respectively. Conclusions. This study demonstrated that ACEA alleviated oxidative stress and neurological dysfunction by promoting mitophagy after SAH, at least in part via the CB1R/Nrf1/PINK1 signaling pathway.
Predicting Extreme Dynamic Response of Offshore Jacket Platform Subject to Harsh Environment
Authors: Khalaj Saeed , BahooToroody Farshad , Leoni Leonardo , De Carlo Filippo , Di Bona Gianpaolo , Forcina Antonio
Published: February 2022

Offshore jacket platforms (OJPs) may be exposed to harsh environmental conditions during their operation in different return periods. It is necessary to evaluate the dynamic performance of the OJPs subjected to extreme wave loadings to secure a safe operation. In the earlier studies, various approaches were introduced to analyze the response of an OJP in different sea states. However, the serious shortcoming of the proposed methods is computationally time consuming and requires a considerable amount of simulations to evaluate the performance of the OJP. Accordingly, these approaches would not analyze the dynamic performance of the OJP realistically. In this study, the dynamic performance of an OJP subject to a harsh environment is evaluated considering a time-domain simulation. The developed model will result in a more realistic response by simulating the whole structure subjected to

1800

seconds of extreme wave loading in the light of the sea environment randomness. The application of the methodology is demonstrated by assessing the performance of a fabricated OJP subjected to extreme wave loadings in the North Sea. The dynamic analysis shows that among all assigned probability distribution functions (PDFs), the most suitable distribution for predicting the maximum deck displacement in all return periods was generalized extreme value (GEV). Moreover, the results show that the response of the structure is likely to remain in the safe limit condition in the

1

-year return period. In contrast, in other return periods, the OJP will exceed the safe limit condition. The proposed method is beneficial for future risk and reliability analyses that require a great deal of data derived from numerical simulations.
Bond Strength and Deflection of Four Types of Bonded Lingual Retainers
Authors: Golshah Amin , Feyli Shirin Asadian
Published: February 2022

Objectives. This study aimed to assess the bond strength and deflection of four types of bonded lingual retainers. Materials and Methods. In this in vitro, experimental study, 160 extracted, mandibular incisors were mounted in acrylic blocks in sets of two and randomized into four groups for bonding of 1.0.010 × 0.026-inch Bond-A-Braid®, 0.012 × 0.027-inch Retanium®TM, 0.038 × 0.016-inch Ortho FlexTech®, and 0.0175-inch three-strand retainer wires; 15 mm of passive wire was adhered to the lingual tooth surface using Transbond XT composite. The shear (SBS) and tensile (TBS) bond strength values were measured. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) score and deflection of wires were also determined under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test and ANOVA. Results. The four groups were significantly different regarding the ARI scores (

P
<
0.05

). Significant differences were noted between the three-strand and all other groups in deflection (

P
<
0.05

). The Retanium group had significant differences with other groups in peak SBS (

P
<
0.05

). A significant difference was found between the Retanium and Ortho Flex groups in break SBS (

P
<
0.05

). Significant differences were also reported between the three-strand and all other groups in peak TBS (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The Retanium retainer had the maximum SBS, while the three-strand retainer had the maximum TBS. The three-strand and Retanium wires can probably better tolerate intraoral forces and have higher resistance to fracture due to having higher TBS. Also, the three-strand wire had lower deflection rate, which highlights its higher resistance to occlusal forces. Retanium and Ortho FlexTech wires had the most favorable failure modes.
An Improved Orbit Model of Space Target Radar Based on Least Square Method and Its Program Implementation
Authors: Zhang Yan , Huang Xiao-Bin , Xiao Rui , Wang Ling , Lu Li
Published: February 2022

Space target orbit determination module is an important component of the space target surveillance radar system. The development of this module requires very complex aerospace dynamics knowledge, which brings great difficulties to nonorbit mechanics researchers engaged in radar system design. Orbit improvement is a core content of orbit determination, and it is a necessary step to achieve high-precision orbit calculations. To this end, this paper focuses on the issue of batch processing orbit improvement of space target surveillance radar, introduces the principle of least-squares orbit improvement, the partial derivative of the model, and the main perturbation acceleration calculation methods, and gives the program design principle and implements the RadarOrbDet library. The developed library is compared and analyzed with STK and ODTK software, and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the library. The library is also helpful for designers of space target surveillance radar systems to carry out a rapid demonstration of orbit determination indicators.
Successful Anesthetic Management of an Adult with Sotos Syndrome
Authors: Winegarner Andrew , Kendall Mark C. , Lecamwasam Harish
Published: February 2022

Sotos syndrome is a rare genetic disorder presenting with craniofacial abnormalities, profound hypotonia, and cardiac abnormalities, giving rise to several potential challenges and concerns for an anesthesiologist. When preparing for a Sotos syndrome patient’s case, we consulted the literature for precedents on how to plan the anesthetic, to which we were only able to find a few reports and nothing in the age group our patient fell within. We present our case of an adult in addition to examining the previous cases so as to document a precedent when encountering patients with this syndrome in the operating room. We describe a unique case of a nonverbal adult with hypotonia and severe craniofacial abnormalities who successfully underwent multiple dental extractions under general anesthesia, with no complications other than a delay of emergence attenuated by naloxone. Our case and the seven previous documented cases over the past several decades demonstrate anesthesia, including paralytics and intubation itself safe despite obvious concerns given the common features of the syndrome for both pediatric patients and the one adult we described in this report.
Hunting for Direct CP Violation in

B
¯

s

0

⟶

π

+

π

−

K

∗
0
Authors: Li Sheng-Tao , Lü Gang
Published: February 2022

In perturbative QCD approach, based on the first order of isospin symmetry breaking, we study the direct

CP

violation in the decay of

B
¯

s

0

⟶
ρ

ω

K

∗
0

⟶

π

+

π

−

K

∗
0

. An interesting mechanism is applied to enlarge the

C
P

violating asymmetry involving the charge symmetry breaking between

ρ

and

ω

. We find that the

CP

violation is large by the

ρ
−
ω

mixing mechanism when the invariant masses of the

π

+

π

−

pairs are in the vicinity of the

ω

resonance. For the decay process of

B
¯

s

0

⟶
ρ

ω

K

∗
0

⟶

π

+

π

−

K

∗
0

, the maximum

CP

violation can reach

−
59.12
%

. Furthermore, taking

ρ
−
ω

mixing into account, we calculate the branching ratio for

B
¯

s

0

⟶
ρ

ω

K

∗
0

. We also discuss the possibility of observing the predicted

C
P

violation asymmetry at the LHC.
Prognostic Significance of PTTG1 and Its Methylation in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Bai Lu , Li Li-Hong , Liang Jing , Li En-Xiao
Published: February 2022

Pituitary tumor-transforming gene-1 (PTTG1), one type of DNA repair-related gene, has been reported to be dysregulated in several tumors and serve as a tumor promotor. Previously, the oncogenic roles of PTTG1 were also reported in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the prognostic values of PTTG1 in LUAD and the possible mechanism of its dysregulation have not been clarified. We analyzed TCGA datasets and reported that PTTG1 expression showed a distinct increase within LUAD specimens in comparison with nontumor specimens. Further survival study revealed that patients containing a great PTTG1 level had noticeably less overall survival and progression-free survival as compared with patients containing a low PTTG1 level. Multivariate analyses confirmed that PTTG1 expression was a factor of prognosis that is independent in terms of LUAD patients. Besides, PTTG1 methylation had a negative regulation on PTTG1, so PTTG1 had a high expressing level in LUAD tissues. However, the relation between hypermethylation and overall survival was not demonstrated using TCGA datasets. In addition, we observed that LUAD specimens with advanced stages exhibited a higher level of PTTG1. Finally, the dysregulated genes related to PTTG1 expression were screened, and KEGG assays revealed that the above genes were involved in the p53 signaling pathway, indicating the possible regulatory function of PTTG1 in the p53 signaling pathway. Overall, our findings suggest that PTTG1 may serve as an efficient clinical biomarker and a therapeutic target for patients suffering from LUAD.
A Pilot Study on the Effect of Thyme Microemulsion Compared with Antibiotic as Treatment of Salmonella Enteritidis in Broiler
Authors: Hamed Engy Ahmed , Abdelaty May Fathy , Sorour Hend Karam , Elmasry Dalia M. A. , Abdelmagid Marwa Ali , Saleh Mohammed Ahmed Maher , AbdelRahman Mona Aly Abdelhalim
Published: February 2022

Multidrug resistance poses a global threat to the poultry industry and public health, so the direction towards eliminating the use of antibiotics and finding alternatives is a vital step to solve this problem. Thyme microemulsion (10% oil/water) had nanodrop size 28.65 ± 0.89 nm, with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.28 with greater homogeneity. It showed IC50 > 100 ug/ml on cytotoxicity assay and 14 active components by GC-Mass. The study was carried out using 210 Cobb chicks divided into fourteen groups. The infected groups were challenged using two Salmonella Enteritidis multidrug resistance (MDR) and Salmonella Enteritidis sensitive strains to the sulpha-trimethoprim antibiotic. The challenged inoculum was 1 × 109 CFU of Salmonella Enteritidis by oral route. The MIC treatments doses were 1 ml/liter water for thyme oil and thyme microemulsion and 33.34 mg/kg b.wt sulfadiazine for 5 days. The results showed that both thymol oil (0.1%) and microemulsion (0.01%) are able to decrease the count of Salmonella Enteritidis in cecal content and fecal dropping and the mortality rates after five days of treatment. In addition, thyme oil and microemulsion had no pathological alteration on chickens’ tissues that were collected two weeks after giving the treatment. By the robust HPLC method, the SDZ and TMP residues in tissues of infected groups treated with Cotrimazine® + thyme oil microemulsion had a slight significant economic impact (

P
<
0.05

) compared to Cotrimazine® alone. In conclusion, thymol oil and microemulsion could be an alternative economic choice for multidrug resistance Salmonella Enteritidis treatment in poultry farms.
BVP for Hadamard Sequential Fractional Hybrid Differential Inclusions
Authors: Li Ning , Gu Haibo , Chen Yiru
Published: February 2022

The study is concerned with the Hadamard sequential fractional hybrid differential inclusions with two-point hybrid integral boundary conditions. With the help of the Dhage fixed-point theorem for the product of two operators and the Covitz-Nadler fixed-point theorem in the case of fractional inclusions, we obtain the existence results of solutions for Hadamard sequential fractional hybrid differential inclusions. Finally, two examples are presented to illustrate the main results.
Establishing a Novel Algorithm for Highly Responsive Storage Space Allocation Based on NAR and Improved NSGA‐III
Authors: Wu Peijian , Chen Yulu
Published: February 2022

Establishing a rapid‐response mechanism to manage customer orders is very important in managing demand surges. In this study, combined with predicting order requests, we established a multiobjective optimization model to solve the warehouse space allocation problem. First, we developed a model based on the NAR neural network to predict order requests. Subsequently, we used the improved NSGA‐III based on good point set theory to construct a multiobjective optimization model to minimize resource loss, maximize efficiency in goods selection, and maximize goods accumulation. The following three modes were tested to allocate warehouse storage space: random, ABC, and prediction‐oriented. Finally, using actual order data, we conducted a comparative analysis of the three modes regarding their efficiency in goods selection. The method proposed by this study improved goods selection efficiency by a sizable margin (23.8%).
Identification of Resolvin D1 and Protectin D1 as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Treating Kidney Stones
Authors: Wang Bohan , Wei Jingchao , Huangfu Qi , Gao Fei , Qin Lanxin , Zhong Jiao , Wen Jiaming , Ye Zhangqun , Yang Xiaoqi , Liu Haoran
Published: February 2022

Intrarenal calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals induce renal tubular epithelial cell (TEC) inflammatory and oxidative injury. This study is aimed at exploring potential therapeutic lipid components in kidney stones because lipids are involved in the development of several diseases and indicate the risk of kidney stones. Serum specimens were collected from 35 kidney stone patients and 35 normal controls. The lipid components in serum were measured, and differences were analyzed. The documented biological importance was comprehensively reviewed to identify lipids that differed significantly between the two groups to find potential agents associated with kidney stones. CaOx nephrocalcinosis mouse model was established to examine the therapeutic effects of specific lipids on CaOx deposition and CaOx-induced oxidative renal injury. Several lipids with significantly different levels were present in the serum of patients with stones and normal controls. Resolvin D1 (RvD1) (4.93-fold change,P<0.001) and protectin D1 (PD1) (5.06-fold change,P<0.001) were significantly decreased in the serum of patients with kidney stones, and an integrative review suggested that these factors might be associated with inflammatory responses, which is a crucial mechanism associated with stone damage. The administration of RvD1 and PD1 significantly inhibited kidney CaOx deposition and suppressed CaOx-induced renal tubular cell inflammatory injury and necrosis in a CaOx nephrocalcinosis mouse model. Furthermore, RvD1 and PD1 facilitated the expression of the oxidative indicator superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), inhibited NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) expression, and diminished intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. This study preliminarily elucidated the role of lipids in kidney stones. The inhibitory effects of RvD1 and PD1 on oxidative damage induced by CaOx deposition provide a promising perspective for kidney stone treatment strategies.
Insulin-Related Liver Pathways and the Therapeutic Effects of Aerobic Training, Green Coffee, and Chlorogenic Acid Supplementation in Prediabetic Mice
Authors: Abdollahi Milad , Marandi Sayyed Mohammad , Ghaedi Kamran , Safaeinejad Zahra , Kazeminasab Fatemeh , Shirkhani Samaneh , Sanei Mohammad Hossein , Rezvanian Parsa , Nasr-Esfahani Mohammad Hossein
Published: February 2022

Background. The liver controls blood glucose levels via regulation of anabolic (glycogen synthesis and gluconeogenesis) and catabolic (glycolysis and glycogenolysis) processes through activation of the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of aerobic training, green coffee, and chlorogenic acid supplementation on glucose metabolism-regulating pathways in prediabetic mice. Methods. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to a high-fat diet and physical activity limitation to induce a state of prediabetes. After 12 weeks, mice were fed a high-fat diet compared to the control mice. The prediabetic mice were further treated with either green coffee, chlorogenic acid, or training or combinations of the same for 10 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, metabolic data (FBG, GTT, HOMA for IR, plasma level of insulinfrom systematic, AST, and ALT assessed into blood), histopathologic, and analysis of gene and protein expressions were obtained for target tissues. Results. Training along with green coffee and chlorogenic acid supplementation improved complications of prediabetes including weight gain and elevated fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin levels. These effects were associated with the changes in mRNA levels of genes important in hepatic glycogen synthesis (GYS2), glucogenesis (PCK and G6PC2), and glycolysis (GK, PK, and PFKL). Conclusion. The training in conjunction with green coffee or chlorogenic acid is effective in the prevention of prediabetes in mice. As these interventions are relatively inexpensive and safe application to individuals with prediabetes appears warranted.
Nucleation Effect of the Chemical Structure of Alkylammonium Salt on the Crystallization Behavior of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)
Authors: Miyashita Tatsuaki , Saito Hiromu
Published: February 2022

We investigated the effect of the chemical structure of alkylammonium salt on the crystallization behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) by DSC, optical microscopy, light scattering, and FT-IR. The nonisothermal and isothermal crystallizations of PVDF were accelerated by adding alkylammonium salt consisting of short alkyl chains and small anion species, and the spherulite size and the ordering in the spherulite became smaller due to the nucleation agent effect. The FT-IR spectra revealed that electroactive γ-phase was preferentially formed by adding alkylammonium salts though the accelerated crystallization was suppressed due to the steric hindrance effect by the long alkyl chain and large anion species. On the other hand, the formation of the γ-phase was suppressed when the dispersion of the salt in the PVDF matrix was poor due to the high melting temperature.
Investigation on Hot Corrosion Behaviour of Inconel 625 and Incoloy 800H Superalloys with YSZ‐Thermal Barrier Coating Under High‐Temperature Environment for Bioreactor Applications
Authors: Kamatchi Hariharan M. , Anderson A. , Praveenkumar T. R. , Mosisa Endalkachew
Published: February 2022

Thermal energy storage is one of the promising technologies in the modern era for balancing the peak power demand without emitting much emission. Molten‐salt technology plays a dominant role among the varieties of thermal energy storage systems. The difficulty in storing the molten‐salt technology requires a storage material with high temperature, corrosion, and oxidation resistance properties. The nickel‐based superalloys such as Inconel 625 and Incoloy 800H possess the desired properties to be used as a storage material for the molten salts. In this present work, the Incoloy 800H and Inconel 625 superalloy specimens were taken up for investigation. The specimens were coated with yttria‐stabilized zirconia as a thermal barrier coating using a plasma spray process. The sodium chloride and potassium chloride molten salts with a weight fraction of 7 : 3 have been taken with both uncoated and YSZ‐coated specimens, and specimens were heated up to 1000°C approximately. The specimens were heated for different hours such as 8, 12, and 16 hours, respectively. The increase in heating time also results in the increase in the tensile property of the specimens. The mechanical testing, such as tensile test and hardness test, was performed to comprehend the mechanical properties. Scanning electron microscope images and X‐ray diffraction analysis were made to study the microstructural properties and the corrosion resistance property. From the test results, YSZ‐coated specimens possess high corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength compared to the uncoated specimens.
Processing of Functional Yoghurt-Like Product from Soymilk Supplemented by Probiotics
Authors: Almghawesh Enas , Slik Samir , Okkou Hussam
Published: February 2022

In this study, a new functional yoghurt-like product was manufactured using soymilk (sample B), mix of soymilk and cow milk (sample C), and both were compared with yoghurt of cow milk (sample A) as a control. The three yoghurt samples (A, B, and C) were processed using the traditional starter culture and Bifidobacterium bifidum: (A) 100% cow milk yoghurt, (B) 100% soymilk yoghurt, and (C) (

50
%
cow
 
milk
+
50
%
soy
 
milk

) yoghurt. All samples were stored at 4°C for 15 days and analyzed on 1st, 7th, and 15th day of the storage period. The results showed that all samples have kept a vital force of 106 colony/g until the 15th day of cooled storage period, and thus, achieving the feature of probiotic food. Moreover, soymilk yoghurt had the highest content of protein (3.75%) and the highest levels of unsaturated fatty acids, making it nutritious and healthy food. Furthermore, it had an acceptable taste, smell, and a firm texture. This product may be considered as a probiotic vegan and partial alternative to cow milk yoghurt. Additionally, adding probiotic bacteria prolonged the shelf-life and improved the flavor of soymilk.
Comprehensive Analysis of Enhancer RNAs Identifies LINC00689 and ELFN1-AS1 as Novel Prognostic Biomarkers in Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Zhao Su , Jiang Hao , Liu Jing , Li Dao-yuan , Li Bing , Long Qiu-rong , Zheng Lei , Gu Hao
Published: February 2022

Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) have emerged as key players in the pathology of several tumors, including uveal melanoma. Here, we aimed to explore the prognostic values of eRNAs in uveal melanoma (UVM) patients. The expressing data and survival data of UVM patients were downloaded from TCGA and GSE22138 datasets. The Kaplan-Meier methods with the log-rank test were applied to screen survival-related eRNAs in UVM. GEPIA was applied to analyze the associations between expressions of eRNA and disease-free survival. KEGG assays were applied to explore the potential signaling pathways of the key eRNA. The prognostic values of eRNAs were further explored by multivariate assays by the R package survival. The eRNAs were validated in pan-cancer. In this study, we identified 89 survival-related eRNAs in UVM based on TCGA datasets. Based on GSE22138 datasets, we found 27 survival-related eRNAs in UVM. Only two eRNAs (LINC00689 and ELFN1-AS1) were overlapped in both two datasets. The results of multivariate analysis revealed that both LINC00689 and ELFN1-AS1 were independent prognostic factors in UVM patients. The pan-cancer validation results further confirmed the prognostic values of LINC00689 and ELFN1-AS1 in eight tumors. Overall, we identified two novel UVM-related eRNAs, LINC00689 and ELFN1-AS1 which may serve as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers of UVM patients for clinical decision-making.
Hybrid Optimization Approach for Energy Control in Electric Vehicle Controller for Regulation of Three-Phase Induction Motors
Authors: Mehbodniya Abolfazl , Kumar Parmod , Changqing Xie , Webber Julian L , Mamodiya Udit , Halifa Awal , Srinivasulu Chennupalli
Published: February 2022

Three-phase induction motors are becoming increasingly popular for electric cars and industrial uses because of their improved efficiency and simplicity of production, among other things. Many enterprises and industries use induction motors in several rotating applications. However, it is a difficult talent to master when it comes to controlling the speed of an induction motor for various purposes. This study examines the performance of a three-phase induction motor using approaches such as field-oriented control and direct torque control. This work utilized the fractional order Darwinian particle swarm optimization (FODPSO) method in fuzzy methodology to optimize a motor’s performance. Field-oriented control (FOC) and Direct torque control (DTC) methods are regulated by FODPSO, which is compared to standard FOC and DTC methods. MATLAB-Simulink was used to compare the outcomes of each system’s simulation model to determine which one performed the best. The support vector machine-direct torque control (SVM-DTC) technology is famous for its rapid dynamic response and decreased torque ripples. Using torque and settling time and rising time reduction, the suggested technique is proved to be superior to the present way.
Investigation of Effective Parameters Ce and Zr in the Synthesis of H-ZSM-5 and SAPO-34 on the Production of Light Olefins from Naphtha
Authors: Salah Aldeen Omer Dhia Aldeen , Mahmoud Mustafa Z. , Majdi Hasan Sh. , Mutlak Dhameer A. , Fakhriddinovich Uktamov Khusniddin , kianfar Ehsan
Published: February 2022

In this paper, Ce and Zr modified commercial SAPO-34 and H-ZSM-5 catalysts were synthesized via a wet impregnation method and used as catalysts for the production of light olefins from naphtha. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using SEM, TGA, XRD, BET, and NH3-TPD. Thermal catalytic cracking of parent catalysts (SAPO-34 and H-ZSM-5) and modified catalysts with Ce and Zr on the production of light olefins from naphtha has been studied. The effects of different loading of Ce (2–8 wt.%), Zr (2–5 wt.%), and different temperatures on the yield of ethylene and propylene were also investigated. The yield of ethylene and propylene improved by 21.78 wt% and 23.8 wt%, respectively, over 2% Ce and 2% Zr on SAPO-34 catalyst. This is due to the higher acid sites on the surface of modified catalysts. It was found that H-ZSM-5 with 2% Zr loading has the highest yield of light olefins (40.4%) at 650°C in comparison with unmodified parent catalysts, while Ce loading has less effect on the olefin yield compared to Zr loading. Finally, simultaneous loading of Ce and Zr showed no effect on the light olefin yield owing to the significant decline of acid sites.
Machine Learning and Statistical Methods for Studying Voids and Photothermal Effects of a Semiconductor Rotational Medium with Thermal Relaxation Time
Authors: Jawa Taghreed M. , Elhag Azhari A. , Aloafi Tahani A. , Sayed-Ahmed Neveen , Bayones F. S. , Bouslim Jamel
Published: February 2022

Machine learning is the process of creating algorithms that extract useful facts from data automatically. The goal of this paper is to use an artificial neural network and a cubic spline model to predict various physical quantities displacement components in a thermoplastic solid, such as elastic waves, vector form, volume fraction field, thermal waves, stress components, and carrier density concentration (plasma waves). The mean absolute scaled error (MASE), the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and the symmetric mean absolute percentage errors (SMAPE) are used to compare the accuracy of two models. The true displacements are given their maximum expected values. These factors have also been described using various descriptive statistics and diagrams. Statistical significance was found in the examination of the correlation between the variables, and a comparison was conducted between the findings and prior results acquired by others. The findings show that voids, rotation, optical temperature, and thermal relaxation all have a significant impact on the phenomena, and they are in line with earlier physical findings. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that certain physical variables describing such systems may display this property, allowing for the development of an analytical criterion for the advent of dynamical chaos.
A New Rule-Based Classification Method Using Shape-Based Properties of Spectral Curves
Authors: Polat Songuel , Tremeau Alain , Boochs Frank
Published: February 2022

Due to its high spatial and spectral information content, hyperspectral imaging opens up new possibilities for a better understanding of data and scenes in a wide variety of applications. An essential part of this process of understanding is the classification part. However, the high spatial and spectral resolution also leads to enormous amounts of data. The effective handling and use of such datasets for classification requires processing steps (dimensionality reduction through feature selection or feature extraction) that are not always goal-oriented. In this article, a new general classification approach is presented that uses the geometric shape of spectral signatures instead of purely statistical methods. In contrast to classical classification approaches (e.g., SVM, KNN), not only are reflectance values taken into account, but also parameters such as curvature points, curvature values, and the curvature behavior of spectral signatures are used to develop shape-describing rules in order to use them for classification by a rule-based procedure with IF-THEN queries. The flexibility and efficiency of the methodology are demonstrated on datasets from two different application domains and lead to convincing results with good performance.
Students’ Acceptance of Distance Learning as a Result of COVID-19 Impact on Higher Education in Jordan
Authors: Sakka Yasmin Mohamad Hamdi
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to investigate determinants for student’s acceptance of distance learning in Jordan at the time of COVID-19. This paper is dedicated to the higher education institutions shifting towards distance learning processes due to the global pandemic situation caused by COVID-19 in 2020. A conceptual framework was developed using a validated conceptual framework (UTAUT) that has proved its robustness in prior studies. The study made amendments for this framework as it excluded the actual use variable and was only concerned with the intention determinants, as online distance learning was imposed on students in higher education in Jordan, and there were no other available alternatives; therefore, the study investigates the drivers for intentions. This study also attempted to extend the theory, which does not underestimate the robustness and validity of the proposed framework. It was seen vital to cope with the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has become a strong influencer when considering the subject of this study. Two additional factors were suggested by the study, namely: perceived value and expected cost. The quantitative deductive exploratory methods, structural equation modelling, smart partial least squares (v.3.3), and path analysis was applied, which yielded interesting results.
The Acceptance Status of Traditional Moral Culture in Colleges and Universities Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Liu Bingduan
Published: February 2022

In today’s world, competition among countries is not just a contest of hard force, but also a contest of soft power. China has a five-thousand-year-old history and civilization, with a strong traditional moral culture at its core. The university stage is an important time for college students to develop their worldview, outlook on life, and values. In this context, excellent traditional and moral culture education plays an important role and significance in their development. College students are the country’s future builders and an important force to inherit China’s excellent moral culture. The rapid development of the modern Internet era has made the channels for college students to understand and accept the cultures of various countries more and more diverse and convenient. Actively borrowing their essence can help promote the development of Chinese culture, but we must also pay attention to active defense and resistance against the dregs of culture. This paper discusses the current situation and problems of the acceptance status of excellent traditional moral culture among college students and analyses the factors that restrict the acceptance of excellent traditional moral culture among college students to conduct a large-scale study on the acceptance status of traditional moral culture in colleges and universities. A model based on convolutional neural networks is suggested for predicting college students’ embrace of traditional moral values. By learning and describing their activities and preferences on the Internet, the model assesses and creates college students’ acceptance status for conventional moral culture. Extensive tests indicate that the suggested technique can successfully assess college students’ acceptance status for traditional moral culture, and the model’s superior performance is supported by test results.
Equal‐Square Graphs Associated with Finite Groups
Authors: Rehman Shafiq Ur , Farid Ghulam , Tariq Tayaba , Bonyah Ebenezer
Published: February 2022

The graphical representation of finite groups is studied in this paper. For each finite group, a simple graph is associated for which the vertex set contains elements of group such that two distinct vertices x and y are adjacent iff x2 = y2. We call this graph an equal‐square graph of the finite group G, symbolized by ES(G). Some interesting properties of ES(G) are studied. Moreover, examples of equal‐square graphs of finite cyclic groups, groups of plane symmetries of regular polygons, group of units U(n), and the finite abelian groups are constructed.
Role of miR-498 Combined with CREB1 in Apoptosis and Invasion of Hepatoma Cell Line
Authors: Zhu Ming , Gao Shan , Ren Xuefeng
Published: February 2022

Objective. To detect the expression levels of miR-498 in the hepatoma cells and to clarify the biological roles of miR-498 in hepatoma by investigating CREB1, which is the target of miR-498. This study provides a new biomarker for the early diagnosis and targeted therapies for hepatoma. Methods. The expression of miR-498 between hepatoma cells and hepatocytes was detected by qRT-PCR. miR-498 was overexpressed in hepatoma cells, and then, flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell apoptosis rate. Cell migration and invasion ability were evaluated by Transwell migration assay and Matrigel invasion assay. The downstream targets of miR-498 were searched in the biological database or related software, and the result can be verified by luciferase reporter assay. The knockdown of the downstream target using RNA interference detected its biological functions in hepatoma cells and was confirmed by cotransfection experiments. Results. miR-498 was downregulated in hepatoma cell lines compared with hepatocytes. The overexpression of miR-498 significantly promoted apoptosis. Luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-498 could target CREB1 3

′

UTR and CREB1 was one of the targets of miR-498. Knockdown of CREB1 also inhibited hepatoma cells’ malignant potential and increased the apoptosis rate of hepatoma cells. CREB1 was able to alleviate the changes caused by miR-498 overexpression. Conclusions. miR-498 is downregulated in hepatoma cell lines. Therefore, miR-498 can be one of the potential molecular markers for hepatoma diagnosis. miR-498 plays a role in tumor suppression through regulating CREB1.
Gastroptosis due to Gastric Outlet Obstruction Secondary to Duodenal Tumor: Glenard’s Disease Revisited
Authors: Bestari Muhammad Begawan , Chandra Melissa , Joewono Ignatius Ronaldi , Girawan Dolvy , Andhika Rizky , Wahyudi Yudi , Abdurachman Siti Aminah
Published: February 2022

Currently, gastroptosis is rarely reported, and the actual prevalence is unknown. Similarly, the possible predisposing factor and cause remain unclear. A 69-year-old had melena for 1 week, and other symptoms were left upper abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting especially postprandially that was persistent for several months with no response to medication. The nasogastric tube produced yellowish discharge and dark-colored undigested material. The CT scan showed obstruction of the gastroduodenal junction and gastroptosis. Endoscopy revealed a gastric lumen that was extended inferiorly and an occluded pyloric ring by a bleeding mass protruding from the duodenum. We report the first case of gastroptosis caused by gastric outlet obstruction secondary to duodenal tumor.
Management of Sleep Apnea in Children with Chiari I Malformation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Moore Moira , Fuell William , Jambhekar Supriya K. , Ocal Eylem , Albert Gregory W.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The literature indicates that decompression of Chiari I malformations (CM-1) may resolve symptoms of sleep apnea. This study aims to identify the incidence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea (CSA), and mixed sleep apnea in a cohort of pediatric CM-1 patients treated at our institution. We also assessed apnea-hypopnea index and symptomatology before and after surgery to investigate if Chiari decompression is a viable treatment for sleep apnea in CM-1 patients. Improvement relative to ENT surgical intervention was also considered. Methods: We identified 75 patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) from our database of 465 CM-1 patients. Sleep apnea diagnosis was based on the sleep physician’s overall interpretation of the PSG. Symptomatology pre- and post-surgery was analyzed. Results: Of the 75 CM-1 patients that underwent PSG, 23 were diagnosed with sleep apnea. Sixteen had OSA, 6 had CSA, and 1 had mixed apnea. Twelve OSA patients received ENT intervention. Eight improved and 2 further improved after Chiari decompression. Of the 4 patients that did not improve, one of those later improved following Chiari decompression. Of the 6 CSA patients, 2 underwent Chiari decompression, but only one improved. The mixed apnea patient underwent several ENT interventions that did not relieve symptoms but improved following Chiari decompression. Discussion/Conclusions: Based on our results, sleep apnea in CM-1 patients may be obstructive, central, or mixed and is likely multifactorial. A multidisciplinary approach to the management of these patients is important, including neurosurgery, otolaryngology, and sleep medicine. Future prospective studies will lend further insight into this condition and its management.
Open-Label, Multicenter Study of Flecainide Acetate Oral Inhalation Solution for Acute Conversion of Recent-Onset, Symptomatic Atrial Fibrillation to Sinus Rhythm
Authors: Crijns Harry J.G.M. , Elvan Arif , Al-Windy Nadea , Tuininga Ype S. , Badings Erik , Aksoy Ismail , Van Gelder Isabelle C. , Madhavapeddi Prashanti , Camm A. John , Kowey Peter R. , Ruskin Jeremy N. , Belardinelli Luiz ,   the INSTANT Investigators*
Published: February 2022

Background:

Oral and intravenous flecainide is recommended for cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. In this open-label, dose-escalation study, the feasibility of delivering flecainide via oral inhalation (flecainide acetate inhalation solution) for acute conversion was evaluated. We hypothesized that flecainide delivered by oral inhalation would quickly reach plasma concentrations sufficient to restore sinus rhythm in patients with recent-onset atrial fibrillation.

Methods:

Patients (n=101) with symptomatic atrial fibrillation (for ≤48 hours) self administered flecainide acetate inhalation solution using a nebulizer (30 mg [n=10], 60 mg [n=22], 90 mg [n=21], 120 mg [n=19], and 120 mg in a formulation containing saccharin [n=29]). Electrocardiograms and flecainide plasma concentrations were obtained, cardiac rhythm using 4-hour Holter was monitored, and adverse events were recorded.

Results:

Conversion rates increased with dose and with the maximum plasma concentrations of flecainide. At the highest dose, 48% of patients converted to sinus rhythm within 90 minutes from the start of inhalation. Among patients who achieved a maximum plasma concentration >200 ng/mL, the conversion rate within 90 minutes was 50%; for those who achieved a maximum plasma concentration <200 ng/mL, it was 24%. Conversion was rapid (median time to conversion of 8.1 minutes from the end of inhalation), and conversion led to symptom resolution in 86% of the responders. Adverse events were typically mild and transient and included: cough, throat pain, throat irritation; at the highest dose with the formulation containing saccharin, these adverse events were reported by 41%, 14%, and 3% of patients, respectively. Cardiac adverse events consistent with those observed with oral and intravenous flecainide were uncommon and included postconversion pauses (n=2), bradycardia (n=1), and atrial flutter with 1:1 atrioventricular conduction (n=1); none required treatment, and all resolved without sequelae.

Conclusions:

Administration of flecainide via oral inhalation was shown to be safe and to yield plasma concentrations of flecainide sufficient to restore sinus rhythm in patients with recent-onset atrial fibrillation.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03539302.
Validation of MyDiagnostick tool to identify atrial fibrillation in a multi-ethnic Asian population
Authors: Yeo Colin , Mon Aye Aye , Tan Vern Hsen , Wong Kelvin
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

MyDiagnostick is an atrial fibrillation (AF) screening tool that has been validated in the Caucasian population in the primary care setting.

Methods:

In our study, we compared MyDiagnostick with manual pulse check for AF screening in the community setting.

Results:

In our cohort of 671 candidates from a multi-ethnic Asian population, AF prevalence was found to be 1.78%. Of 12 candidates, 6 (50.0%) had a previous history of AF and another 6 (50.0%) were newly diagnosed with AF. Candidates found to have AF during the screening were older (72.0 ± 11.7 years vs. 56.0 ± 13.0 years, P < 0.0001) and had a higher CHADSVASC risk score (2.9 ± 1.5 vs. 1.5 ± 1.1, P = 0.0001). MyDiagnostick had a sensitivity of 100.0% and a specificity of 96.2%. In comparison, manual pulse check had a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 98.9%.

Conclusion:

MyDiagnostick is a simple AF screening device that can be reliably used by non-specialist professionals in the community setting. Its sensitivity and specificity are comparable and validated across various studies performed in different population cohorts.
Jesus Against the Forces of Death
Authors: Runesson Anders
Published: February 2022

Thiessen’s book is a systematic attempt at making obsolete an entire research paradigm, which has portrayed Jesus and the gospels as targeting for eradication the Jewish purity system itself, understood as an oppressive social mechanism with which the elite controlled the masses, rather than these texts describing a war against the impurity that this system defined and was meant to control. This essay engages this thesis.