bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract P4-06-04: The role of axillary lymph node status in residual cancer burden calculation of triple negative breast cancer post-neoadjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy
Authors: Gandhi Shipra , Attwood Kristopher , Ji Wenyan , Aljabab Saif , Khoury Thaer
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The residual cancer burden (RCB) is calculated utilizing these variables: tumor bed size, tumor/tumor bed ratio, percentage of DCIS, number of positive lymph nodes (LN) and the size of the largest LN. The aim of the study is to investigate if other variables related to the LNs correlate with the outcomes. METHODS: We conducted pathologic review of 129 patients who had triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) diagnosed between 2002 and 2006. The following variables were calculated, Finv: primary tumor/tumor bed ratio; dmet: diameter of largest involved LN; dprim= √d1d2 (d1 and d2 dimensions of the primary tumor bed); RCBprim = finv dprim ; RCBmet = 4 (1- 0.75LN) dmet; and RCB = 1.4 (finvdprim)0.17 + [4(1- 0.75 LN) dmet ]0.17. We calculated the LN tumor/tumor bed ratio (fLN), the number of resected LNs, and the number of LNs with therapy effect (with or without metastases). Clinical staging was abstracted from the medical records. Clinicopathologic variables were correlated with the recurrence free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Most of the patients were treated with anthracycline based chemotherapy (CT) (90.7%). The median and range of follow up was 108.2 (15.0, 225.1) months. Pathology complete response (pCR) was achieved in 34.1% of the patients and correlated with age (p= 0.042) and clinical stage (p=0.004). pCR had better survival after 5-years (p<0.001) and 10 years (p=0.001) follow up. In the univariate analysis the following variables were statistically significant correlating with RFS and OS including clinical stage, RCB, and fLN. These variables were statistically significant in the multivariate analysis for RFS including clinical stage with hazard ratio (HR) 0.37 (0.15, 0.89) (p=0.026) and fLN HR 1.01 (1.00, 1.02) (p=0.006); and for OS with HR 0.35 (0.14, 0.85) (p=0.02) and 1.01 (1.00, 1.02) (p=0.01), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Adding LN tumor/tumor bed ratio (fLN) to the existing formula may improve the predictability power of the RCB index.

Citation Format: Shipra Gandhi, Kristopher Attwood, Wenyan Ji, Saif Aljabab, Thaer Khoury. The role of axillary lymph node status in residual cancer burden calculation of triple negative breast cancer post-neoadjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-06-04.
Abstract P4-07-06: Circulating lipids and breast cancer survival in the Malmö diet and cancer study
Authors: Harborg Sixten , Ahern Thomas P , Feldt Maria , Rosendahl Ann H , Cronin-Fenton Deirdre , Melander Olle , Borgquist Signe
Published: March 2022

Rationale: Overweight and obesity are associated with inferior prognosis in breast cancer. The explanation is considered multifactorial, and dyslipidemia may be a contributing factor. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between circulating lipids and breast cancer outcomes in patients enrolled in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS). Patients and methods: Circulating lipid levels were measured in the blood sampled upon enrollment in the female MDCS cohort (N=17,035). We identified all MDCS participants with incident invasive breast cancer diagnosed between 1991-2014. The follow-up time began at breast cancer diagnosis and continued until the first event of breast cancer recurrence, death, emigration, or five years of follow-up. We estimated the incidence rates of recurrence at five years and fit Cox regression models to compute crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of breast cancer recurrence as well as all-cause mortality according to cohort-specific tertiles of apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-1) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B). Results: We enrolled 850 eligible patients. During the five years of follow up, 90 invasive recurrences with over 3,807 person-years occurred. In multivariable analyses, high levels of Apo B were associated with an increased rate of recurrence (tertile 3 vs. 1, HR= 2.30 [95% CI: 1.13-4.68]). However, high levels of Apo B were not associated with all-cause mortality (tertile 3 vs. 1, HR= 1.23 [95%CI: 0.68-2.25]). We observed no associations between levels of Apo A-1 and recurrence (tertile 3 vs. 1, HR= 1.34 [95%CI: 0.70-2.58]) or all-cause mortality (tertile 3 vs. 1, HR=1.12 [95%CI: 0.61-2.05]). Conclusion: High pre-diagnostic levels of Apo B were associated with an increased risk of recurrence among breast cancer patients. Circulating Apo A-1 was not associated with breast cancer outcome. These results warrant further investigation into the importance of lipid-regulation in breast cancer patients.

Citation Format: Sixten Harborg, Thomas P Ahern, Maria Feldt, Ann H Rosendahl, Deirdre Cronin-Fenton, Olle Melander, Signe Borgquist. Circulating lipids and breast cancer survival in the Malmö diet and cancer study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-06.
Abstract P4-07-07: Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast has comparable prognosis to non-metaplastic triple negative breast cancer despite poor response to chemotherapy
Authors: Lim Changjin , Kim Jang-il , Han Yireh , Cheun Jong-ho , Jung Ji Gwang , Kim Hong Kyu , Moon Hyeong-Gon , Han Wonshik , Lee Han-Byoel
Published: March 2022

Introduction Metaplastic carcinoma (MC) of the breast is a rare pathologic entity accounting for <1% of all invasive breast cancers and is generally negative for hormone receptors and HER2. They often show more aggressive characteristics and are resistant to treatment. Although triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) have good response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and a pathologic complete response (pCR) rate of about 40%, benefit of NAC for MC is not clear. The aim of this study was to compare the Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of MC with non-MC TNBC, and assess the usefulness of NAC for MC. Methods Retrospective chart review of TNBC patients who underwent breast surgery at Seoul National University Hospital between January 2000 and December 2018 were included for analysis. Clinicopathologic features including age, TNM stage, Ki-67 and histologic grade were collected. For patients who had received NAC, tumor size on ultrasound before NAC and pathologic size of residual tumor was used to assess responsiveness to NAC. We used 3:1 propensity score matching according to age, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pT stage, pN stage. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test were performed. Results Among 1783 TNBC patients included for analysis, 82 (4.59%) were MC and 1701 (95.34%) were non-MC. MC had a worse DFS and OS. After propensity score matching, there was no difference in survival outcomes. The 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival between MC vs. non-MC TN was 61.9% vs. 73.0% (HR 1.379, 95% CI 0.594-3.202, p-value = 0.430) and 71.4% vs. 74.6% (HR 1.007, 95% CI 0.393-2.579, p-value = 0.480), respectively. The proportion of patients who received NAC among MC and propensity matched non-MC TNBC were 21/82 (25.6%) and 63/1701 (3.7%), respectively. The pathologic complete response rate for all and propensity score matched non-MC TNBC was 76/364 (20.9%) and 11/63 (17.5%), respectively, whereas no MC patients achieved a pathologic complete response (HR 1.404 95% CI 1.213-1.624, p-value = 0.058). Conclusions MC has comparable prognosis compared to non-MC TNBC in terms of disease-free survival and overall survival, while showing lower rate of pathologic complete response after NAC. Upfront surgery may be more beneficial for MC. A prospective study with larger number of patients evaluating the role of NAC in MC is warranted.

Citation Format: Changjin Lim, Jang-il Kim, Yireh Han, Jong-ho Cheun, Ji Gwang Jung, Hong Kyu Kim, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Wonshik Han, Han-Byoel Lee. Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast has comparable prognosis to non-metaplastic triple negative breast cancer despite poor response to chemotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-07.
Abstract P4-12-05: Benefit of multidisciplinary consultation at initiation of oral antineoplastic agents in metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: Morel Adeline , Jacobs Margaux , Da Silva Angelique , Allouache Djelila , Hrab Ioana , Segura Carine , Villemin Maud , Boscher Clémence , Johnson Alison , Ceintre Charlotte , Charles Rose-Marie , Lahaye François , Lequesne Justine , Divanon Fabienne , Levy Christelle , Emile Georges
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION: The management of cancer patients changed in the recent years with increased in the number of oral antineoplastic agents (OANA) prescriptions. Recent guidelines encouraged improvement of information and patient education, and the coordination between health care professionals to secure and optimize the management of these drugs. To cope with current recommendations, a multidisciplinary consultation (MDC) for initiation of OANA was initiated at François Baclesse comprehensive cancer center in Caen, France. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of the MDC before the initiation OANA in patients with metastatic breast cancer. MDC consisted of a medical oncologist, hospital pharmacist, and oncology nurse consultations. Primary endpoint was the rate of hospitalizations. Secondary endpoints were treatment discontinuation and of adverse events rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective single center study comparing patients receiving MDC to the population with a single medical visit. RESULTS: A total of 482 patients were included in this study between January 2017 and December 2019 (329 patients had only a consultation with a medical oncologist before initiation of OANA and 153 had the MDC). A statistically significant decrease in the rate of hospitalizations for toxicity was found in the group of patients with MDC 3.9% (n=6) vs 18.5% (n = 61) in the group without MDC (p < 0.001). A significant decrease in treatment interruption rate for toxicity was found in the group of patients with MDC 11% (n = 16) vs 26% (n=86) (p < 0.001). Adverse events rate was not statistically significant between the two groups CONCLUSION: A statistically significant decrease in hospitalizations and rate of treatment interruption for toxicity was observed after initiation of MDC in patients with a metastatic breast cancer treated with an OANA. This process should be generalized for a better security in the management of the OANA.

Citation Format: Adeline Morel, Margaux Jacobs, Angelique Da Silva, Djelila Allouache, Ioana Hrab, Carine Segura, Maud Villemin, Clémence Boscher, Alison Johnson, Charlotte Ceintre, Rose-Marie Charles, François Lahaye, Justine Lequesne, Fabienne Divanon, Christelle Levy, Georges Emile. Benefit of multidisciplinary consultation at initiation of oral antineoplastic agents in metastatic breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-12-05.
Abstract P5-04-03: Prolactin drives a dynamic STAT5A/HDAC6/HMGN2 cis-regulatory landscape exploitable in ER+ breast cancer
Authors: Clevenger Charles V , Turner Tia , Harrell Chuck , Craig Justin
Published: March 2022

The hormone, prolactin, has been implicated in breast cancer pathogenesis and regulates chromatin engagement by the transcription factor, STAT5A. STAT5A is known to inducibly bind promoters and cis-regulatory elements genome wide, though the mechanisms by which it exerts specificity and regulation of target gene expression remain enigmatic. We previously identified HDAC6 and HMGN2 as cofactors that facilitate prolactin induced, STAT5A mediated gene expression. Here, multi-condition STAT5A, HDAC6, and HMGN2 ChIP-seq with parallel condition RNA-seq are utilized to reveal the cis-regulatory landscape and cofactor dynamics underlying prolactin stimulated gene expression in breast cancer. We find that prolactin regulated genes are significantly enriched for cis-regulatory elements bound by HDAC6 and HMGN2, and that inducible STAT5A binding at enhancers, rather than promoters, conveys specificity for prolactin regulated genes. The selective HDAC6 inhibitor, ACY-241, blocks prolactin induced STAT5A chromatin engagement at cis-regulatory elements as well as a significant proportion of prolactin stimulated gene expression. We identify functional pathways known to contribute to the development and/or progression of breast cancer that are activated by prolactin and inhibited by ACY-241. Additionally, we find that the DNA sequences underlying shared STAT5A and HDAC6 binding-sites at enhancers are differentially enriched for estrogen response elements (ESR1 and ESR2 motifs) relative to enhancers bound by STAT5A alone. Gene set enrichment analysis identifies significant overlap of ERα regulated genes with genes regulated by prolactin, particularly prolactin regulated genes with promoters or enhancers co-occupied by both STAT5A and HDAC6. Lastly, the therapeutic efficacy of ACY-241 is demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo breast cancer models, where we identify synergistic ACY-241 drug combinations and observe differential sensitivity of ER+ models relative to ER- models.

Citation Format: Charles V Clevenger, Tia Turner, Chuck Harrell, Justin Craig. Prolactin drives a dynamic STAT5A/HDAC6/HMGN2 cis-regulatory landscape exploitable in ER+ breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-04-03.
Abstract P5-05-01: Metabolite profiling and RNA-seq identifies novel metabolomic-genomic biomarker and therapeutic options for rapidly proliferating breast cancers
Authors: Glodowski Cherise R , Liao Chengheng , Fan Cheng , Liu Juan , Mott Kevin R , Kaushik Akash , Vu Hieu , Locasale Jason W , McBrayer Samuel K , DeBerardinis Ralph J , Perou Charles M , Zhang Qing
Published: March 2022

Metabolic dysregulation is one of the distinctive features of breast cancer, yet remains under-characterized in different subtypes of breast cancer. In this study, we performed full metabolome profiling and RNA-seq gene expression analyses on patient samples comprised of Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) and Estrogen Receptor (ER) positive breast cancers, as well as TNBC patient-derived xenografts (PDX). We identified two major metabolic groups using hierarchical clustering analysis of global metabolite levels: a Nucleotide/Carbohydrate-Enriched group and a Lipid/Fatty Acid-Enriched group. The Nucleotide/Carbohydrate-Enriched group is populated by the majority of TNBCs and all TNBC PDX samples, and shows high levels of energy consumption and nucleotide biosynthesis related metabolites, while the Lipid/Fatty Acid-Enriched group contained all ER+ cancers (and normal breast tissues) and showed high levels of lipids and fatty acids. Using these two metabolite-defined groups, we compared metabolic signatures to RNA-seq expression data and identified gene expression signatures that correlated with each metabolic group. This novel integrated signature identified classic proliferation-associated genes as highly expressed in the Nucleotide/Carbohydrate-Enriched metabolomics group. We next sought to therapeutically target the Nucleotide/Carbohydrate-Enriched group through targeting of nucleotide metabolism using a pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitor (DHODH inhibitor, Brequinar), and/or a glutaminase inhibitor (CB-839), and observed tumor volume reductions and improved survival times using the TNBC PDX models. Notably,. when the DHODH inhibitor Brequinar was tested on four different immune-competent TNBC mouse models, it showed significant single agent activity, and in 3/4 cases had better activity than carboplatin/paclitaxel combination, and with less toxicity. Our study reveals a new molecularly targeted therapy for rapidly proliferating TNBCs, guided by a novel set of metabolic-genomic biomarkers, which might be translated quickly as DHODH inhibitors are already FDA approved for use in other diseases.

Citation Format: Cherise R Glodowski, Chengheng Liao, Cheng Fan, Juan Liu, Kevin R Mott, Akash Kaushik, Hieu Vu, Jason W Locasale, Samuel K McBrayer, Ralph J DeBerardinis, Charles M Perou, Qing Zhang. Metabolite profiling and RNA-seq identifies novel metabolomic-genomic biomarker and therapeutic options for rapidly proliferating breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-05-01.
Abstract P5-08-07: The complete estrogen receptor antagonist OP-1250 can combine with HER2 inhibition to inhibit estrogen receptor-driven cellular proliferation and shrink xenograft tumors in ER+/HER2+ breast cancer models
Authors: Parisian Alison D , Hodges-Gallagher Leslie , Sun Richard , Barratt Susanna , Palanisamy Gopinath S , Lawrence Julia , Klein Pamela , Myles David C , Harmon Cyrus L , Kushner Peter J
Published: March 2022

The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, also known as ERBB2) oncogene is overexpressed in approximately 25% of breast cancer tumors and is associated with a high rate of brain metastasis. Patients with brain metastases have a poor prognosis and limited treatment options available. Since about half of HER2+ tumors are also hormone receptor positive, and cross talk has been shown to occur between these two signaling pathways, it is plausible that these tumors could benefit from the addition of hormonal therapy on top of HER2 inhibition. OP-1250 is a complete estrogen receptor antagonist (CERAN) and selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), and has been shown to effectively inhibit estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer growth in both cell-based assays and xenograft studies. OP-1250 has favorable pharmacokinetic properties and demonstrated brain penetrance in non-clinical models. While extensively characterized in ER+/HER2- breast cancer models, OP-1250 had not previously been tested in a HER2+ context. Here we report OP-1250 inhibited estrogen receptor-driven proliferation and effectively degraded the estrogen receptor in multiple ER+/HER2+ cell lines. OP-1250 combined effectively with HER2 inhibitors tucatinib and trastuzumab, demonstrating that inhibition of both HER2 and estrogen receptor signaling was more effective in inhibiting breast cancer cell proliferation than inhibiting either pathway alone. The addition of OP-1250 to a HER2 inhibitor also resulted in greater tumor shrinkage in multiple ER+/HER2+ xenograft models. Our data suggests a potential clinical benefit in the addition of OP-1250 on top of HER2 inhibition for the treatment of ER+/HER2+ breast cancer and provides strong rationale for a clinical study evaluating the combination of OP-1250 and HER2 targeted agents, which is planned for 2022.

Citation Format: Alison D Parisian, Leslie Hodges-Gallagher, Richard Sun, Susanna Barratt, Gopinath S Palanisamy, Julia Lawrence, Pamela Klein, David C Myles, Cyrus L Harmon, Peter J Kushner. The complete estrogen receptor antagonist OP-1250 can combine with HER2 inhibition to inhibit estrogen receptor-driven cellular proliferation and shrink xenograft tumors in ER+/HER2+ breast cancer models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-08-07.
Abstract P5-08-15: Overcoming mTOR inhibitor resistance by targeting the lysosomal deregulation
Authors: Zhang Shengzhe , Lee Sung Ho , Nie Litong , Jung Youn-Sang , Jun Sohee , Zhang Jie , Lien Esther M , Chen Junjie , Park Jae-Il
Published: March 2022

Increasing evidence suggests that the deregulated lysosomes contribute to tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance. However, its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we identify transmembrane protein 9 (TMEM9) as a regulator involved in lysosomal metabolism and mammary tumorigenesis. The TMEM9 gene is markedly amplified in breast cancer, correlated with its transcriptional upregulation. We uncovered that Tmem9 knock-out inhibited mammary tumorigenesis in genetically engineered mouse models. Consistently, TMEM9 depletion suppressed the proliferation of breast cancer cells highly expressing TMEM9. Conversely, the ectopic expression of TMEM9 in TMEM9 low breast cancer cells promoted cell proliferation. The lysosome purification and proteomics approach showed that TMEM9 physically and functionally interacts with LAMTOR4, a subunit of the Ragulator complex, to hyperactivate mTOR signaling in breast cancer. Moreover, the combination of TMEM9-v-ATPase inhibitors with mTOR inhibitors exhibited the synergistic growth inhibition of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results reveal that the TMEM9-v-ATPase axis is not only a biomarker for resistance to mTOR inhibition therapy but also a molecular target overcoming mTOR inhibitor resistance.

Citation Format: Shengzhe Zhang, Sung Ho Lee, Litong Nie, Youn-Sang Jung, Sohee Jun, Jie Zhang, Esther M Lien, Junjie Chen, Jae-Il Park. Overcoming mTOR inhibitor resistance by targeting the lysosomal deregulation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-08-15.
Abstract PD4-07: Targeting latent residual HER2+ breast cancer brain metastatic cells
Authors: Marquez-Palencia Mauricio , Malladi Srinivas
Published: March 2022

Approximately fifty percent of breast cancer patients with brain metastasis are positive for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+). Systemically effective cytotoxic drugs, and HER2 targeted therapies are ineffective on brain metastases. Current understanding of HER2 brain metastatic disease is limited as biopsying brain metastatic lesions and detecting micro-metastasis from asymptomatic patients with residual disease remains a challenge. Therefore, to isolate disseminated tumor cells that stay latent in the brain, while retaining their metastasis-initiating capabilities, we performed a phenotypic screen in mouse employing human breast cancer cell lines. Using this approach, we isolated isogenic latent residual cells (Lat) and metachronous brain metastatic outbreaks (M-BM). Phenotypically stable latent cells display stem cell-like characteristics, downregulate immune activating sensors and survive in equilibrium with innate immune surveillance, while M-BM escape and metastasize. Brain-tropic Lat and M-BM cells are resistant to HER2 targeted therapies - lapatinib, neratinib and tucatinib. Transcriptomic analysis identified AXL, a receptor tyrosine kinase from the TAM receptor family, to be highly enriched in brain-tropic Lat and M-BM. Moreover, AXL is over expressed in metachronous brain metastasis samples compared to matched primary tumors from HER2+ breast cancer patients. AXL activation and overexpression has been associated with chemoresitance mechanisms, dormancy maintenance, invasion, tumor angiogenesis, immune regulation, metastasis and poor prognosis in cancer patients. Therefore, we hypothesized AXL promotes residual/latent breast cancer survival and brain metastatic relapse in HER2+ breast cancer. shRNA depletion of AXL in Lat and M-BM resulted in reduced oncosphere formation, an assay used to measure tumor or metastasis initiating capacity. Brain metastatic incidence was significantly attenuated in mice bearing AXL depleted M-BM compared to their controls. Bemcentinib, an AXL inhibitor currently in clinical trials for non-small cell lung cancer, triple negative breast cancer, pancreatic cancer and melanoma, alone or in combination with lapatinib, neratinib or tucatinib, reduced oncosphere formation in HER2 therapy resistant Lat and M-BM cells. Ongoing experiments are designed to assess the impact of bemcentinib on brain metastasis in vivo and to mechanistically define how AXL promotes survival of latent residual and brain metastatic HER2+ breast cancer cells.

Citation Format: Mauricio Marquez-Palencia, Srinivas Malladi. Targeting latent residual HER2+ breast cancer brain metastatic cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD4-07.
Abstract PD5-10: Consequent job loss, return to work and multidimensional well-being after breast cancer treatment in working-age black and white women
Authors: Emerson Marc A , Reeve Bryce B , Gilkey Melissa B. , Elmore Shekinah N , Bradley Cathy J , Troester Melissa A
Published: March 2022

Background: Few studies have assessed relationships between job loss due to breast cancer and well-being. These relationships may vary by race, work type, and functional difficulties.Methods: In the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, 1,646 women with primary breast cancer who worked prior to diagnosis were longitudinally evaluated for post-diagnosis job loss and well-being using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy General (FACT-G) measure. Women were classified as having ‘sustained work’ (working at baseline and 25 months); ‘returned to work’ (not working at baseline, working at 25 months); ‘consequent job loss’ (working at baseline, not working at 25 months); or ‘persistent non-employment’ (not working at either timepoint). Analysis of covariance was used to evaluate associations between work status and well-being (physical, functional, social, emotional).Results: Women who had sustained work or returned to work had higher FACT-G scores than women with consequent job loss and persistent non-employment in all well-being domains (p<.05). Consequent job loss and persistent non-employment were associated with higher frequency of service/laborer job types, lower education and income, later stage at diagnosis, longer treatment duration, non-private insurance, and greater disability. Consequent job loss was more common among Black than White women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=3.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.37-4.99). Black versus White women with job loss reported lower well-being in all domains (p<.05) and greater disability (mean score 42.8 vs. 29.3) and work-related difficulties (aORs=10.3, 95% CI 5.9-18.2 vs. 5.7, 95% CI 2.9-11.2).Conclusions: Work status is an indicator of multidimensional well-being after breast cancer.

Citation Format: Marc A Emerson, Bryce B Reeve, Melissa B. Gilkey, Shekinah N Elmore, Cathy J Bradley, Melissa A Troester. Consequent job loss, return to work and multidimensional well-being after breast cancer treatment in working-age black and white women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD5-10.
De Verfall e Verkümmerung a Katastrophe: a modernidade em Walter Benjamin
Authors: Macedo André
Published: March 2022

O objetivo desse artigo é retomar uma série de conceitos-chave e noções de Walter Benjamin – na edição alemã de seus escritos – a partir da hipótese de que, através de seu preceito de den Pessimismus organisieren, há uma passagem do enfoque da modernidade como Verfall e Verkümmerung de capacidades humanas ao seu enfoque como Katastrophe da humanidade e do mundo. Essa passagem, certamente vinculada aos acontecimentos históricos que levam à morte do autor em 1940, inicia-se com as discussões sobre Vermögen e Wahrnehmung e conclui-se com as teses sobre Begriff der Geschichte. E entre o início e a conclusão estão reflexões pertinentes à abordagem de “Untergang des Subjekts” (Adorno 2011: 241) e de Massenproduktion em geral e na arte: Erfahrung, Phantasievorstellung, Potenz, Erinnern, Gedächtnis, Erzählen, Lyrik e Aura. Sendo assim, é necessário investigar a passagem de Verfall e Verkümmerung a Katastrophe através de quatro ensaios sobre Sprache, dos principais escritos pertinentes a Untergang des Subjekts e Massenproduktion (Passagen-Werk, “Der Erzähler”, Charles Baudelaire e ensaios sobre a obra de arte e a fotografia) e das teses de “Über den Begriff der Geschichte”. Cabe, por fim, considerar que, em todo esse processo, Benjamin não deixa de tratar de Hilfsmittel para Vertiefung der Apperzeption.
Transformações na publicidade: novas articulações entre o público e os produtores no campo publicitário
Authors: Brum Enéias , Piedras Elisa
Published: March 2022

No contexto das novas tecnologias e da cultura da convergência, observamos mudanças nas práticas midiáticas do início do século XXI e, por isso, exploramos processos pelos quais anunciantes e agências de publicidade se defendem de manifestações e acusações dos consumidores. O objetivo desta pesquisa é evidenciar movimentos de articulação e resistência do campo publicitário brasileiro às práticas de contestação do público ocorridas na década de 2010. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa complementada pelo olhar quantitativo e que se vale da técnica de análise documental para observar evidências sobre a reconfiguração do campo publicitário, considerando as práticas de produtores – agências, anunciantes e profissionais – diante da contestação do público aos anúncios. Nos resultados, as modalidades de dupla articulação da publicidade – blindada, sensibilizada e engajada – reúnem situações concretas que oportunizam a reflexão sobre se há ou não a realização do potencial que as novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação representam para as mudanças nas práticas.
The transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in the municipality of Guarujá, on the Coast of São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Casanova Claudio , Motoie Gabriela , Domingos Maria de Fátima , Silva Vanessa Gusmon da , Silva Mariana Dantas da , Galati Eunice Aparecida Bianchi , Galvis-Ovallos Fredy
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE: To perform an entomological survey, evaluating the circulation of Leishmania spp. in sand flies captured from the new foci of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the coastal region of São Paulo state. METHODS: Sand flies were captured from November 2016 to September 2018 using light traps of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), in the neighborhood where VL cases were reported. Leishmania spp. circulation was evaluated by gut dissection and molecular analysis of the females captured. RESULTS: Nyssomyia intermedia was the more frequent species (90,7%) within the 1,203 sand flies captured. We found no flagellates in dissected females, but two pools containing females of Ny. Intermedia presented DNA of L. infantum. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that Ny. intermedia might be involved in the establishment of this new VL focus in Sao Paulo. However, before incriminating this species as a L. infantum vector, further studies should investigate other vectorial capacity parameters, including competence, survival, and feeding habits.
Effects of Magnesium Citrate, Magnesium Oxide, and Magnesium Sulfate Supplementation on Arterial Stiffness: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Intervention Trial
Authors: Schutten Joëlle C. , Joris Peter J. , Groendijk Iris , Eelderink Coby , Groothof Dion , van der Veen Yvonne , Westerhuis Ralf , Goorman Frans , Danel Richard M. , de Borst Martin H. , Bakker Stephan J. L.
Published: March 2022

Background

Magnesium supplements may have beneficial effects on arterial stiffness. Yet, to our knowledge, no head‐to‐head comparison between various magnesium formulations in terms of effects on arterial stiffness has been performed. We assessed the effects of magnesium citrate supplementation on arterial stiffness and blood pressure and explored whether other formulations of magnesium have similar effects.

Methods and Results

In this randomized trial, subjects who were overweight and slightly obese received either magnesium citrate, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate, or placebo for 24 weeks. The total daily dose of magnesium was 450 mg/d. The primary outcome was carotid‐to‐femoral pulse wave velocity, which is the gold standard method for measuring arterial stiffness. Secondary outcomes included blood pressure and plasma and urine magnesium. Overall, 164 participants (mean±SD age, 63.2±6.8 years; 104 [63.4%] women) were included. In the intention‐to‐treat analysis, neither magnesium citrate nor the other formulations had an effect on carotid‐to‐femoral pulse wave velocity or blood pressure at 24 weeks compared with placebo. Magnesium citrate increased plasma (+0.04 mmol/L; 95% CI, +0.02 to +0.06 mmol/L) and urine magnesium (+3.12 mmol/24 h; 95% CI, +2.23 to +4.01 mmol/24 h) compared with placebo. Effects on plasma magnesium were similar among the magnesium supplementation groups, but magnesium citrate led to a more pronounced increase in 24‐hour urinary magnesium excretion than magnesium oxide or magnesium sulfate. One serious adverse event was reported, which was considered unrelated to the study treatment.

Conclusions

Oral magnesium citrate supplementation for 24 weeks did not significantly change arterial stiffness or blood pressure. Magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate had similar nonsignificant effects.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03632590.
Cardiac Structure and Function and Diabetes‐Related Risk of Death or Heart Failure in Older Adults
Authors: Inciardi Riccardo M. , Claggett Brian , Gupta Deepak K. , Cheng Susan , Liu Jiankang , Echouffo Tcheugui Justin B. , Ndumele Chiadi , Matsushita Kunihiro , Selvin Elizabeth , Solomon Scott D. , Shah Amil M. , Skali Hicham
Published: March 2022

Background

Whether cardiac structure and function abnormalities associated with dysglycemia are sufficient to explain the increased risk of death or heart failure (HF) remains unclear.

Methods and Results

We analyzed 6059 participants (mean age, 75±5 years; 58% women; and 22% Black individuals) who attended the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study visit 5 examination (2011–2013). Participants were categorized as no diabetes, pre‐diabetes, and diabetes (on the basis of medical history and glycated hemoglobin values). We assessed whether diabetes modified the association between echocardiographic measures of cardiac structure and function and the composite of all‐cause death or HF hospitalization and then estimated the extent to which the increased risk of the composite outcome associated with diabetes was explained by cardiac structure and function. Diabetes was prevalent in 33.5% of the subjects. Death or HF occurred in 1111 (18%) at a rate of 3.6 per 100 person‐years. Both measures of cardiac structure and function and diabetes status were significantly associated with worse prognosis after accounting for clinical confounders. While diabetes was consistently associated with a higher risk of events, it did not significantly modify the association between cardiac abnormalities and the risk of death or HF, except for subjects with higher left atrial volume who showed higher relative risk of events (
P
for interaction <0.001). Measures of cardiac structure and function accounted for ≈16% of the increased risk of death or HF associated with diabetes. Similar results were observed analyzing subjects without prevalent heart disease.

Conclusions

In a biracial cohort of older adults, the increased risk of events associated with diabetes was partially explained by cardiac structure and function abnormalities.
Endothelial Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Channel Regulates Angiogenesis and Promotes Recovery After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wen Xin , Peng Yidi , Gao Mengru , Zhu Yuzhong , Zhu Yifei , Yu Fan , Zhou Tingting , Shao Jing , Feng Lei , Ma Xin
Published: March 2022

Background

Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels play a role in angiogenesis. However, the involvement of TRPC1 in myocardial infarction (MI) remains unclear. The present study was aimed at investigating whether TRPC1 can improve the recovery of cardiac function via prompting angiogenesis following MI.

Methods and Results

In vitro, coronary artery endothelial cells from floxed TRPC1 mice and endothelial cell‐specific TRPC1 channel knockout mice were cultured to access EC angiogenesis. Both EC tube formation and migration were significantly suppressed in mouse coronary artery endothelial cells from endothelial cell‐specific TRPC1 channel knockout mice. In vivo, coronary artery endothelial cells from floxed TRPC1 and endothelial cell‐specific TRPC1 channel knockout mice were subjected to MI, then echocardiography, triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and immunofluorescence were performed to assess cardiac repair on day 28. Endothelial cell‐specific TRPC1 channel knockout mice had higher ejection fraction change, larger myocardial infarct size, and reduced capillary density in the infarct area compared with coronary artery endothelial cells from floxed TRPC1 mice. Furthermore, we found underlying regulation by HIF‐1α (hypoxic inducible factor‐1α) and MEK‐ERK (mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase) that could be the mechanism for the angiogenetic action of TRPC1. Significantly, treatment with dimethyloxaloylglycine, an activator of HIF‐1α, induced cardiac improvement via the HIF‐1α‐TRPC1‐MEK/ERK pathway in MI mice.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated TRPC1 improves cardiac function after MI by increasing angiogenesis via the upstream regulator HIF‐1α and downstream MEK/ERK, and dimethyloxaloylglycine treatment has protective effect on MI through the HIF‐1α‐TRPC1‐MEK/ERK pathway.
The Youth Ministry Wars and the Formation of Youthworks College
Authors: Lukabyo Ruth
Published: March 2022

Anglican Youthworks College was established in 2000, as the first college in Australia with a specialist focus on youth and children’s ministry. In this article I will discuss the factors that led to the formation of the college in Sydney and the character of the theological training that it offered. I will examine how the college was established in the context of politics in the Diocese of Sydney and debates over the best way to do youth ministry (the “youth ministry wars”). Those involved in youth ministry were concerned about poor retention of young people in the church and as a result turned against what was called attractional ministry for (what was seen as) a more biblical and theological model. I will argue that the college used a distinctive method of youth ministry education which prioritised: the Bible, critical reflection on ministry and life, and the concept of temporary community for student formation. It reflected a concern to professionalise and think critically about spiritual formation amongst children as well as youth. I will finish with some observations that maybe helpful for youth and children’s ministry today.
Fictive Kinship, Participation and Belief
Authors: Marion John , Corney Tim
Published: March 2022

Belonging is connected to young people’s wellbeing, and understanding how youth workers perceive belonging can assist youth work practice. Belonging in youth work is promoted through fictive kinship, in the context of Christian faith-based youth work practice, it is also connected to how young people construct belief. This research was conducted as an instrumental case study to explore Christian faith-based youth workers’ biographies, experiences and perceptions of belonging, and relationship to their youth work practice. Themes emerging from the findings suggest that participants connected belonging to fictive kinship notions of ‘family’, and as a result sought to create a sense of family-like kinship relationships in their practice. Christian faith-based youth workers (cfbyw) also connected kinship and a sense of belonging to participation, including having a role, a voice, and a right to be part of a community, which can be seen in the setting as pointing to the potential presence of belonging. This article contributes to a conceptual understanding of faith-based work with young people and the implications for youth work practice through investigating the place of belonging in Christian faith-based youth work, its relationship to belief and the role of fictive kinship in youth work.
Inspirations of Archbishop Desmond Tutu on global justice work
Authors: Pui-lan Kwok , Jeon Eunjin
Published: March 2022

This article shows how the life and prophetic work of Archbishop Demond Tutu have a long-lasting impact on clergy, religious leaders, and young people working for social justice, conflict transformation, and reconciliation in many parts of the world. It focuses on his contributions in three areas: the anti-apartheid movement and Truth and Reconciliation; Israeli-Palestinian conflict; and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer peoples’ rights.
Spectroscopic Studies of BA Class Liquid Crystals in the 6–15 THz Range Using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Method
Authors: Lepodise Lucia M. , Horvat Josip
Published: March 2022

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed for two structurally similar liquid crystals: 4-octyloxybenzoic acid and 4-decyloxybenzoic acid in 6–15 THz range. Density functional theory modeling at PBE0/def2-TZVPP level was used to assign the vibrational modes to each observed absorption peak. We observed six peaks that are common for both liquid crystals, assigned to the same vibrational modes and appearing at similar energies. Each of the samples also had additional peaks unique to itself. A strong absorption peak appears at about 280 cm–1 for both samples; however, it corresponds to different vibrational modes for the two samples. This work shows that the spectroscopy in this often-neglected frequency range can easily distinguish structurally similar compounds.
A Study of C=O…HO and OH…OH (Dimer, Trimer, and Oligomer) Hydrogen Bonding in a Poly(4-vinylphenol) 30%/Poly(methyl methacrylate) 70% Blend and its Thermal Behavior Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Sato Harumi , Morisawa Yusuke , Takaya Satoshi , Ozaki Yukihiro
Published: March 2022

Inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding and their temperature-dependent changes in a poly(4-vinylphenol)/poly(methyl methacrylate)(PVPh 30%/PMMA 70%) blend were investigated using near-infrared (NIR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Band assignments of the fundamentals and first overtones of the OH stretching mode of a free OH group and OH groups in C=O···HO and OH···OH (dimer, trimer, and oligomer) hydrogen bonding of PVPh 30%/PMMA 70% were carried out by comparison between its NIR and IR spectra and comparison with NIR and IR spectra of phenol. The comparison of the NIR spectra of the PVPh 30%/PMMA 70% blend (hereafter, we denote it as PVPh30%) with the corresponding IR spectra reveals that to observe bands arising from the free OH and OH···OH dimer, which is a weaker hydrogen bonding, NIR is better while to investigate bands originating from OH groups in the OH···O=C and OH···OH (oligomer) hydrogen bonds, which are stronger hydrogen bonding, IR is better. Thus, a combination of IR and NIR spectroscopy has provided convincing results for the hydrogen bonding of PVPh30%. The relative intensity of the two bands at 7058 and 6921 cm–1 (I7058/I6921) due to the first overtones of the OH stretching modes of the free OH group and the OH group in the dimer, respectively, increases significantly above 90 °C, which is close to Tg of PVPh. In concomitance with the intensity increase in the relative intensity of the free OH band, the intensity of a band at 1706 cm–1 due to the C=O stretching mode of the C=O···HO hydrogen bond of PVPh30% decreases above 90°C. These results suggest that above the Tg of PVPh the C=O···HO hydrogen bond is broken gradually and that the free OH increases. Of note is that below Tg the intensities of NIR bands due to the OH first overtones of free OH group and OH groups in the OH···OH dimer gain intensity in parallel with temperature increase, and above Tg the intensity of the band derived from the OH···OH group increases linearly much slower than that of the band due to the free OH. Moreover, a band due to an OH···OH oligomer decreases linearly. Hence, it is very likely that the OH···OH oligomers dissociate into free OH groups. Anharmonicity of O–H bonds, which is sensitive to a hydrogen bond, was estimated for the free OH and OH bonds in the C=O···HO and OH···OH (dimer, trimer, and oligomer) hydrogen bonding by comparison between the NIR and IR spectra in the OH stretching band regions.
Multidimensional Forced-Choice CAT With Dominance Items: An Empirical Comparison With Optimal Static Testing Under Different Desirability Matching
Authors: Lin Yin , Brown Anna , Williams Paul
Published: March 2022

Several forced-choice (FC) computerized adaptive tests (CATs) have emerged in the field of organizational psychology, all of them employing ideal-point items. However, despite most items developed historically follow dominance response models, research on FC CAT using dominance items is limited. Existing research is heavily dominated by simulations and lacking in empirical deployment. This empirical study trialed a FC CAT with dominance items described by the Thurstonian Item Response Theory model with research participants. This study investigated important practical issues such as the implications of adaptive item selection and social desirability balancing criteria on score distributions, measurement accuracy and participant perceptions. Moreover, nonadaptive but optimal tests of similar design were trialed alongside the CATs to provide a baseline for comparison, helping to quantify the return on investment when converting an otherwise-optimized static assessment into an adaptive one. Although the benefit of adaptive item selection in improving measurement precision was confirmed, results also indicated that at shorter test lengths CAT had no notable advantage compared with optimal static tests. Taking a holistic view incorporating both psychometric and operational considerations, implications for the design and deployment of FC assessments in research and practice are discussed.
Affordable Housing and the Urban Poor in India
Authors: Kumar Abhay , Shukla Sudheer Kumar
Published: March 2022

Affordable housing signifies the importance of one’s capacity to pay for housing, and it is essentially a market-based concept. The fundamental difficulty with India’s urban poor is that some households simply cannot afford adequate housing at any stage. The interface between their poverty and the real estate reality in India makes affordable housing a distant dream. The article, using the National Sample Survey Office 68th Round Consumer Expenditure Data and India’s Consumer Economy (ICE 360) Data, tests Engel’s law to determine the disposable income of the poor for housing. The poor spend a greater share of their income on basic needs and do not have disposable income to pay for an affordable house. Data collated from a private property website for 22 cities show that the government’s approach of affordable housing through its celebrated flagship programme, the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) is far from the market reality.
Gender at the Crossroads
Authors: Ray Suranjita
Published: March 2022

Ghazala Jamil (Ed.) Women in Social Change: Visions, Struggles and Persisting Concerns ( Social Change in Contemporary India, Vol–4; Series Editor, Manoranjan Mohanty). SAGE Publication, 2021, 276 pp., ₹1295, ISBN 9789353887711 ( Hardcover).
Book review: Rehman Sobhan, Untranquil Recollections: Nation Building in Post-Liberation Bangladesh
Authors: Dubey Muchkund
Published: March 2022

Rehman Sobhan, Untranquil Recollections: Nation Building in Post-Liberation Bangladesh, SAGE Publications, 2021, 384pp., ₹407. ISBN 978-9353887391 ( Paperback).