bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Different Doses of Poultry Manure Application on Yield Components and Yield of Different Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Varieties
Authors: Soysal Sipan
Published: October 2021

Background: A study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of poultry manure application on the yield and some yield components of faba bean crop under ecological conditions of Siirt province, Southern Eastern Anatolian Region of Turkey. Methods: The study was carried out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The main plots were varieties and the sub-plots were poultry manure doses. At 15 days prior to sowing, 0 (control), 500, 1000, 1500 kg ha-1 of poultry manure was spread and mixed with a rake. Result: All observed parameters were effected from poultry manure doses. Application of 1000 kg/ha poultry manure was found superior in terms of yield and yield related parameters. Grain yield was highest at 1000 kg/ha poultry manure application in 2017 and 2018, (2119 kg/ha and 2083 kg/ha, respectively). Salkım variety was superior in terms of grain yield and most of the other parameters. Both varieties were yielded higher and most of the parameters were higher in 2017 compared to 2018. As a result of the study, cropping “Salkım” faba bean variety with 1000 kg/ha poultry manure application in South Eastern Anatolia or similar ecologies was proposed for higher grain yields.
Pregnancy Pilates and Benefits of Pregnancy Pilates during Childbirth
Authors: Güder Dilek Sarpkaya
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to explain the pregnancy Pilates and benefits of pregnancy Pilates during childbirth. Pilates performed during pregnancy is a safe and effective exercise system which prepares and strengthens expectant mothers for delivery from the first to the last month of pregnancy.
Diálogos sobre el hecho religioso
Authors: Gutiérrez Portillo Ángel Alejandro
Published: October 2021

Una parte importante del quehacer antropológico y sociológico contemporáneo, es conocer a profundidad todos los sistemas religiosos que podamos, los del pasado y del presente, de los más “simples” a los más “complejos”, porque no existe razón alguna para excluir a unos y retener a otros. Por ello, el estudio de cualquier hecho religioso es significativo para el conocimiento científico. Así lo expresó el padre de la sociología francesa Émile Durkheim en Las formas elementales de la vida religiosa. Este argumento es el que sustenta la publicación de esta obra. En ella se asumen novedosas posturas antropológicas y sociológicas que analizan objetivamente diversos fenómenos religiosos. El libro contiene los trabajos de investigadores de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, del Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, de la Universidad La Salle, de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.
Digital transformation and assessment of quality of educational activity of the University
Authors:   Mordovian State Pedagogical University n. a. M.E. Evseviev, Kurkina N.R. , Starodubtseva L.V.
Published: October 2021

Researched are issues of assessing the quality of educational activities in the context of digital transformation. The relevance of the study is due to the digital transformation of education, increased requirements for the level of quality of training of university graduates, the complication of the conditions for organizing the educational process, which determines the need to search for new approaches and technologies. Assessment of the quality of educational activities in the context of digital transformation requires the creation of the necessary infrastructure, the formation of an appropriate regulatory and educational framework. When considering the indicated problem, the methods of systematization and generalization were used, which make it possible to consider this problem, taking into account many factors that affect the assessment of the quality of educational activities in the context of digital transformation. The article highlights the main approaches to the process of assessing the quality of educational activities using the electronic information and educational environment, implemented by universities. The practical significance of the research results is determined by the fact that the conclusions drawn and the proposed scientific and theoretical provisions can be useful to the heads of educational organizations and have the ability to adapt to the conditions of the educational process. The article will be useful for administrative and pedagogical workers of universities, as well as for everyone interested in researching the quality of educational activities in the context of digital transformation.
The use of pedagogical W-technology for the formation of the research potential of students
Authors:   Institute of Special Pedagogy and Psychology, Yelagina E.R.
Published: October 2021

Substantiated is the expediency of using universal pedagogical W-technology to form the research potential of the students, by taking into account the conceptual ideas of culture-centricity in education. The approaches to the development of technology are argued as a systemic combination of all parts of the proposed author’s model, which, with a sufficient degree, made it possible to take into account the identified factors, structural blocks and their influence at different pedagogical levels. The constructive need for its use as a pedagogical toolkit in the process of student research has been updated.
Features of professional socialization in the context of development of social subjectivity of young Russian scientists
Authors:   Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University, Ivanchenko O.S.
Published: October 2021

Analyzed are features of professional socialization and the formation of social subjectivity of young Russian scientists. Professional socialization includes three stages: professional self-determination, professional education and professional activity. The formation of the social subjectivity of young scientists occurs at all stages of professional socialization and includes the following components: motivational-value, reflexive and activity. The study is based on in-depth interviews with young scientists of the Southern Federal District (n = 15). The selective strategy is targeted. The processing of empirical information was built in a qualitative paradigm with the use of a specialized QDA Miner program for processing textual information. The conducted research has revealed the conditions, factors and subjects that have an impact (both positive and destructive) on the professional socialization and the formation of the social subject of young scientists. The analysis of compliance carried out in the course of the study revealed significant characteristics of the social subjectivity of young scientists according to the criteria of choice, scientific status, type of scientific organization, continuity of profession in the family.
Ontology and practice of teaching in mathematics at higher and secondary schools
Authors:   Volzsky branch of Volgograd State University, Bukin D.N.
Published: October 2021

Discussed are problems of modern mathematical education: the development of the conceptual apparatus of mathematics, as well as the development of thinking in modal categories when proving mathematical propositions and solving probabilistic problems. The work is based on the results of the explication of the ontological foundations of mathematics obtained earlier. It is shown that the basis of a holistic, deep perception of the mathematical laws of being is categorical intuition with subsequent rationalization of mathematical objects. It is emphasized that such objects are not always possible to describe by means of extensional logic: an important place in the categorical structuring of mathematical knowledge is occupied by ontic modalities of the necessary and possible. The author expresses concern about the tendency of algorithmization of mathematical thinking in the learning process as opposed to historically established methods of creative search for proofs, alternatives, and opportunities. Special attention is paid to the topic of the teacher’s implementation of the ideological and educational function of mathematical science. Taking into account the enormous development of computing and information technologies, it is necessary to remember about the anthropological and humanitarian components of modern science and education. In substantiation of the relevance and discussion of the raised issues, the points of view of specialists from various fields are given: mathematicians, historians, teachers. This article is addressed to a wide range of readers: scientists, teachers, graduate students, freelance researchers.
Application of the social service Wiki in the educational process of University
Authors:   Penza State Technological University, Veldina Yu.V. , Vagaeva O.A.
Published: October 2021

Examined is the application of social service with aim of education at university. At present, education in the university often takes place in a mixed format, with the active use of distance technologies. This context increasingly raises the question of using new methods and techniques that could make the educational process more effective and interesting for students. Under these conditions, teachers have increasingly begun to turn their attention to the Web 2.0 technologies, which represent a qualitatively new approach to the construction of the educational process. This article deals with the social service Wiki, which is more often used in the educational process of the university. From the teaching point of view, the Wiki service allows creating conditions for students when they have to analyze large amounts of information, select the most important, summarize and draw conclusions. It also allows students to critically review articles and collaboratively correct or improve them. The use of the Wiki service in the educational process is of great importance for students as well because its interactivity transforms them from pure information consumers into active users. This article presents examples of using the social service Wiki in the educational process of Penza State Technological University within the framework of the disciplines “Foreign language (German)” and “Methods of teaching and education”.
Way to improve efficiency of teaching linear algebra to students with health disabilities by means of enlarged didactic units
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Semakin A.N. , Emgusheva G.P.
Published: October 2021

Presented is enlarged didactic units developed by P.M. Erdniev for teaching mathematics, that improves the ability of students to understand educational material. This effect is achieved as a result of organizing the educational process according to the principles of complementarity of teaching methods and the spatial and temporal combination of interrelated elements of knowledge. Among the basic mathematical disciplines taught at Bauman Moscow State Technical University for students with disabilities the most difficult discipline is Linear Algebra, which is due to its content and various problems with students’ health. Linear Algebra is largely based on the theory from Analytical Geometry that is quite well perceived by students with disabilities. A comparative analysis of these disciplines shows that the enlarged didactic units linking these disciplines together can significantly simplify the study of Linear Algebra. However, due to difficulties with scheduling the time gap between these disciplines can be up to two semesters, which makes it impossible to directly use the enlarged didactic units. To solve this problem, we introduce the supporting discipline "Cognitive technologies for supporting the discipline Linear Algebra" which runs in parallel with Linear Algebra and which is based on the material of Analytical Geometry. Forming its content in close connection with Linear Algebra in accordance with the main principles of the enlarged didactic units, we smoothly lead students to the understanding of abstract concepts of Linear Algebra, reducing the complexity of learning.
Arts education and art teaching in the Republic of Lithuania: Goals, Objectives and Priority selection
Authors:   Institute of Arts Education and Culturology RAO, Mikhalchenkova N.A. , Bolshakova Yu.M. ,   Leningrad State University n.a. A.S. Pushkin, Bolshakov S.N.
Published: October 2021

Analyzed is the experience of the Republic of Lithuania in development of state policy in the field of arts education. The article deals with conceptual attitudes in the field of art and culture education in Lithuanian institutions. On the basis of the analysis carried out, the article concludes about the active development of non-formal education in the field of culture and art.
Features of teacher’s training in Finland
Authors:   Volgograd State Social Pedagogical University, Nesterenko V.G.
Published: October 2021

Presented is the analysis of teacher’s training process in Finland. Clarified are features of building education courses with the aim of ensuring the highest quality teacher’s training programs, rigorous selection for entry to teacher education courses, practical experience structuring; multilevel assessment of graduates to ensure classroom readiness; state policy in the field of postgraduate teachers’ education. Suggested is to take into account the Finnish experience of pedagogical education in Russia.
Evaluation of effectiveness of implementation of the Smart City concept in municipalities of the Sverdlovsk Region
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vasileva E.I. , Orfonidii A.V.
Published: October 2021

Presented is the research in effectiveness of introduction of elements of the Smart City concept in the municipalities of the Sverdlovsk region. It is established that the cities of the Sverdlovsk region participating in the implementation of the “Smart City” concept initially use different approaches in the field of digitalization of urban spaces; and most of the measures envisaged at the first stage of the implementation of road maps are mainly point-based, selective digitalization and intellectualization of individual services and infrastructure elements. As a result of the analysis of the managerial and social efficiency of the introduction of “smart” technologies in the cities of the Sverdlovsk region, the author of the work identified a list of problems, in particular: 1) the diverse nature of the activities of municipalities due to the lack of mandatory regional standards; 2) low personnel potential of local self-government bodies in the implementation of the Smart City project; 3) low level of public participation in the development and implementation of the introduction of smart technologies in the urban environment; 4) insufficient level of financing of municipal Smart City projects; 5) ignoring by municipalities the best cases for the introduction of “smart” technologies; 6) lack of involvement of educational and scientific organizations in the design of “smart” technologies for managing urban processes. One of the basic problems of introducing elements of the Smart City concept in the municipalities of the Sverdlovsk Region is the low level of awareness and involvement of the local community in choosing priorities for the digital transformation of urban management. In conclusion, the authors propose a unified model of a smart city based on the principle of selecting key elements.
On prevention of youth protest activity
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Zerchaninova T.E. , Mudretsova N.P.
Published: October 2021

Researched is the problem of prevention of protest activity of Russian youth. The years 2020–-2021 in Russia were marked by an increase in youth protest activity. Young people have moved from passive civic participation to active protest actions. The purpose of the study is to study the possibilities for youth to implement constructive forms of civic engagement and identify ways to prevent youth protest activity. To conduct the research, the following methods were used: a questionnaire survey of Russian youth aged 14 to 35, inclusive, 2) analysis of official documents regulating work with youth. As a result of a survey of young people, a high level of protest activity of Russian youth over the past 3 years and a high protest potential were revealed. The analysis of official documents revealed various possibilities for the implementation of constructive forms of civic engagement by young people. In general, the analysis of public documents of the state authorities of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation organizing work with youth indicates the expansion of constructive practices of youth participation in the implementation of youth policy, the activities of local communities and the range of opportunities for self-realization, which is an essential factor in the prevention of youth protest activity.
Civil identity of residents of Kyrgyzstan under conditions of social changes
Authors:   Bishkek State University n.a. K. Karasaev, Esenamanova Zh.Zh.
Published: October 2021

Researched is the meaning of the notion of “civil identity”, widespread in modern sociology. Civic identity is a person’s belonging to a certain civil community of any known country. A civil identity is a person’s definition of his civil status as his own status, in other words, a close connection between the understanding that I am a citizen of a country. Civic identity is a perception of oneself as a representative of the people of Kyrgyzstan, and a high level of civic identity is a condition for the unity of society. The formation of a civic identity is very important in the context of Kyrgyzstan. In connection with the peculiarities of historical development, Kyrgyzstan was faced with a situation of “symmetrical dichotomy”, because it was necessary to simultaneously build an ethno-national state and a civil nation. It is clear that the requirements of globalization and civilization require the need to build a civil nation, but the formation of a civil nation without the creation of an ethno-national state is very difficult. The article presents the results of the analysis of the sociological survey “Problems of civic identity in the Kyrgyz Republic (sociological survey)” conducted in 2017 in all regions of Kyrgyzstan, as well as in Bishkek and Osh, in which 1301 respondents took part. In conclusion, it should be noted that the formation of a civil identity and the strengthening of its role in the state should be used not only as a factor in the consolidation of the population as a whole, but also as a mechanism for the formation and unification of ethnic, religious, civil and national identity in our multinational state.
Entrevista com o pesquisador Pascal Aventurier sobre o processo de preservação digital no Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Authors: Aventurier (Entrevistado) Pascal , Santos (Entrevistador) Gildenir Carolino
Published: October 2021

Entrevista concedida à Revista Brasileira de Preservação Digital por meio do editor Gildenir Carolino Santos, também bibliotecário e pesquisador do Grupo de Pesquisa e Estudos sobre Preservação Digital – Dríade, via e-mail em dezembro de 2020.
Dynamic changes in the women’s vaginal microbiota
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Sozonova E.A. , Chapova N.E. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Budanova E.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

The review presents a modern view of the dynamic changes in the microbiota and vaginal condition at different periods of women’s life. Aspects of the vaginal endocrine and immune systems were considered. The participation of the vaginal microbiome in the formation of colonization resistance was described, as well as its influence on the women’s health in general. The regulatory mechanisms of the condition of the female reproductive system under the influence of various damaging factors of infectious and non-infectious nature were revealed. The key points of changes in the vaginal microbiota in different periods of women’s life depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle, hormonal background and during pregnancy were described. The effect of antibacterial therapy and probiotics on the vaginal microbiota was considered. Key words: bacterial vaginosis, vaginal dysbiosis, women's health, infectious process in the vagina, colonization resistance, vaginal microbiota, neonatal microbiota, vaginal pathogens
Operative hysteroscopy and interstitial pregnancy. Potential of minimally invasive intervention
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Davydov A.I. , Shakhlamova M.N. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Klindukhov I.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Rubina E.V. ,   D.D.Pletnev City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

This article presents a clinical case of interstitial pregnancy, in which operative hysteroscopy was the main treatment method. The original technique of intrauterine surgery, which consists of four stages, was introduced. Indications and conditions for operative hysteroscopy in interstitial pregnancy were developed. Key words: interstitial pregnancy, operative hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, ultrasonography
Effectiveness of HPV vaccination in preventing recurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia after excisional treatment
Authors:   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zarochentseva N.V. , Dzhidzhikhiya L.K. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Nabieva V.N. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

Objective. To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) using excisional techniques and post-operative implementation of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Patients and methods. Excisional treatment methods were used in 150 patients with CIN: 60 patients received a quadrivalent vaccine against HPV (type 6, 11, 16, 18) after surgery and 90 patients were not vaccinated. Post-operative examination was performed 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery and annually thereafter. Detection of CIN within 12 months after surgery was considered as a residual lesion, and more than 12 months after surgery – as a recurrence of the disease. Results. The post-operative follow-up periods for the vaccinated patients ranged from 6 to 93 months (median: 34 months), without vaccination: 6 to 202 months (median: 54 months). Residual lesions were not revealed among vaccinated patients and were revealed in 13.3% (12/90) of unvaccinated patients (p = 0.039). Recurrence of CIN among patients with follow-up for 12 months or more was noted in 3.3% (2/60) of vaccinated patients and 34.6% (27/78) of unvaccinated patients (p = 0.016). Conclusion. Vaccination against HPV (types 6, 11, 16, 18) after excisional treatment methods has significantly (approximately ten-fold) reduced the probability of CIN recurrence and may be considered as an effective approach to improve the results of treating patients with CIN. Key words: human papillomavirus, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, vaccine, excisional treatment methods
Current approach to perinatal risk stratification
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation, Suverneva A.A. , Ignatko I.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

Objective. To develop a new approach to perinatal risk stratification based on the determination of prognostic criteria for antepartum and intrapartum fetal death, and early neonatal death to improve the efficiency of predicting adverse perinatal outcomes. Patients and methods. A retrospective case-control study with the participation of patients with antepartum (n = 134) and intrapartum (n = 41) fetal death, early neonatal death (n = 61), and favorable perinatal outcome (n = 50) was carried out. The Bayes–Wald–Gubler method was used to determine prognostic criteria. Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of the proposed prognostic method and the generally accepted determination of perinatal risk was performed retrospectively in patients with perinatal loss (n = 102) and favorable perinatal outcome (n = 100); ROC analysis was performed. Results. Forty-two risk factors were identified and divided into three groups: universal for all types of perinatal loss, common for two of them, and specific for each of them (antepartum and intrapartum fetal death, early neonatal death). The prognostic value of factors in their presence and absence was determined. It was found that universal and common risk factors for each type of perinatal loss had different prognostic value. The method of differential prediction of perinatal loss was presented. The sensitivity of the new and generally accepted prognostic methods was 95.1 and 69.6%, the specificity was 80 and 53%, and the accuracy of predicting adverse outcomes was 87.6 and 61.4%, respectively. Conclusion. The conducted study allowed to suggest a new approach to perinatal risk stratification based on differential prediction of perinatal loss, which is superior to the traditional risk assessment methods in terms of the effectiveness of predicting adverse perinatal outcomes. Key words: antepartum fetal death, intrapartum fetal death, perinatal outcomes, prediction, early neonatal death
Epidemiology of omphalocele: data analysis of regional congenital malformation registers in the Russian Federation
Authors:   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Demikova N.S. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Podolnaya M.A. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Putintsev A.N. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lapina A.S. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Asanov A.Yu. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Chebelyaev I.Yu. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

Omphalocele is a congenital malformation belonging to the group of abdominal wall defects. Objective. To determine the incidence of omphalocele and analyze its dynamics for the period 2011–2018 in the regions of the Russian Federation according to monitoring data of congenital anomalies. Materials and methods. Statistical analysis of omphalocele cases among newborns and fetuses with malformations for the period 2011–2018 in 22 regions of the Russian Federation was carried out. The incidence of malformations was calculated per 10,000 births. Results. A total of 1,073 cases of omphalocele were reported from 2011 to 2018, of which 69.34% were in fetuses eliminated due to the prenatal detection of malformation, 27.03% – in liveborn fetuses, and 3.63% – in stillborn fetuses. The male to female ratio was 1.56:1. The overall incidence of omphalocele was 2.95 (95% CI 2.77– 3.13) and the incidence among newborns excluding fetuses was 0.9 per 10,000 (95% CI 0.81– 1.01). There was a statistically significant positive time trend in the dynamics of the overall incidence of omphalocele between 2011 and 2018. Conclusion. The evaluation of the incidence of severe malformation – omphalocele – was obtained in different regions of the Russian Federation for the first time. The incidence of this malformation tended to increase over the study period. Male gender and maternal age over 35 years can be considered as risk factors. These results can be used in planning preventive measures. Key words: congenital malformation, monitoring, newborns, omphalocele, fetuses, incidence, epidemiology
Edukasi Penyakit Diabetes Melitus dan Cara Pemeriksaan Glukosa Darah Secara Mandiri
Authors: Sholikah Tri Agusti , Febrinasari Ratih Puspita , Pakha Dyonisa Nasirochmi
Published: October 2021

Pendahuluan: Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan salah satu penyakit metabolik kronis yang masih menjadi perhatian di dunia. Penyakit ini ditandai dengan tingginya kadar glukosa pada sirkulasi darah atau disebut dengan hiperglikemia. Deteksi dini penyakit DM dan pemantauan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita DM sangatlah penting untuk dilakukan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan apabila kadar glukosa darah sangat tinggi atau tidak terkontrol akan menyebabkan terjadinya komplikasi serius diberbagai organ tubuh, sehingga dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien. Saat ini telah tersedia alat pemeriksaan glukosa darah yang mudah digunakan masyarakat yaitu glukometer. Namun, nampaknya masih banyak masyarakat yang belum terampil menggunakannya. Selain itu banyak masyarakat yang belum memahami penyakit DM secara holistik sehingga perlu dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat tentang penyakit DM.

Metode: Metode pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah edukasi tentang penyakit Diabetes Melitus secara holistik melalui penyebaran video di grup-grup Whatsapp, Instagram, Facebook dan Youtube. Video edukasi tersebut terdiri dari 3 buah video, yaitu video tentang penyakit DM secara holistik, video cara penggunaan glukometer untuk memeriksa glukosa darah, dan video tentang DM di era COVID-19. Setelah disebarkan, masyarakat diminta memberikan respon melalui kuesioner. 

Hasil dan pembahasan: Sebagian besar responden sangat setuju bahwa video yang diunggah membuat mereka menjadi lebih paham mengenai penyakit diabetes melitus dan cara menggunakan glukometer.

Kesimpulan: Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai penyakit DM dan cara memeriksa glukosa darah secara mandiri dengan glukometer.
Bajando la escala en las redes de interacción planta-frugívoro para un ensamblaje de consumidores de ficus
Authors: Valenzuela Ospina Leonor , Kattan Gustavo H.
Published: October 2021

Medir la fuerza de la interacción es clave para comprender la dinámica de las redes mutualistas. Sin embargo, la variación intraespecífica en los rasgos de las especies puede afectar los patrones y resultados de las interacciones a una escala aún no medida. En este estudio, exploramos cómo la variación individual en la producción de frutos en una especie de Ficus modula el consumo de frutos por aves. El grado, expresado como número de especies, y las tasas de visitas, expresadas como número individuos y su equivalente en biomasa, fueron independientes del tamaño de la cosecha. Sin embargo, el número acumulado para las tres variables fue proporcional al tamaño de la cosecha. El número de especies de aves pequeñas (<100 g) fue el doble que el de las especies grandes. Sin embargo, la biomasa de ambos grupos fue equivalente. El consumo, expresado tanto en tasa como en ingesta total, fue proporcional al tamaño corporal de las aves. Estos resultados sugieren que la interacción entre aves y Ficus depende de la distribución del tamaño de ambos organismos. Además, desde la perspectiva de los consumidores, la cantidad de energía que obtiene cada ave depende de las características individuales del árbol.
How Lean transforms relationships to empower employees and increase impact
Authors: Parris Andrew , Thakur-Weigold Bublu
Published: October 2021

The challenges of humanitarian leadership are well-studied by the social sciences. However, there is untapped potential in applying private sector management principles and best practices to humanitarian work. Some non- profit organisations have fruitful experience applying Lean Management, an innovative management system developed by Toyota, which is not just about manufacturing better cars or improving industrial processes. Lean focuses the organisation on providing more value to its customers which, in the case of the humanitarian sector, are its beneficiaries. Our panel shared their experience of using Lean Management to address common issues in humanitarian operations. Their stories demonstrate the potential of Lean to transform work and relationships by devolving power to lower-level workers and partners. By empowering staff and local entities, it also improves relationships, collaboration, and ultimately the outcomes of humanitarian missions.
Clear evidence against superconductivity in hydrides under high pressure
Authors: Hirsch Jorge , Marsiglio Frank
Published: October 2021

The Meissner effect, magnetic field expulsion, is a hallmark of superconductivity. Associated with it, superconductors exclude applied magnetic fields. Recently Minkov et al. presented experimental results reportedly showing ``definitive evidence of the Meissner effect'' in sulfur hydride and lanthanum hydride under high pressure [1]. Instead, we show here that the evidence presented in that paper does not support the case for superconductivity in these materials. Together with experimental evidence discussed in earlier papers, we argue that this clearly indicates that hydrides under pressure are not high temperature superconductors.
Experimental And Numerical Study On Surface Generated Mechanism of Robotic Belt Grinding Process Considering The Dynamic Deformation of Elastic Contact Wheel
Authors: Liu Mingjun , Gong Yadong , Sun Jingyu , Zhao Yuxin , Sun Yao
Published: October 2021

In the robotic belt grinding process, the elastic contact condition between the flexible tool and the workpiece is a critical issue which extremely influences the surface quality of the manufactured part. The existing analysis of elastic removal mechanism is based on the statistic contact condition but ignoring the dynamic removal phenomenon. In this paper, we discussed the dynamic contact pressure distribution caused by the non-unique removal depth in the grinding process. Based on the analysis of the equivalent removal depth of a single grit and the trajectories of grits in manufacturing procedure, an elastic grinding surface topography model was established with the consideration of the dynamic contact condition in the removing process. Robotic belt grinding experiments were accomplished to validate the precision of this model, while the result showed that the surface roughness prediction error could be confined to 11.6%, which meant this model provided higher accuracy than the traditional predicting methods.
Facile Synthesis of Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl Mix-Crystals And Its Supercapacitive Behavior
Authors: Song Y.Z. , Qi B.X. , Li M.T. , Xie J.M.
Published: October 2021

Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl mix-crystals for supercapacitor were successfully synthesized via a facile solid-phase method using Bi(NO3)3 and MnCl2 with molar ratio of 1:1 as precursors. The Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl mix-crystals were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements and thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge technique were performed for the Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl mix-crystals in 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous solutions; the specific capacitance of Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl was about 203 F.g-1 at the current density of 3 A. g-1 with a long life time, owing to the high power density of Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl mix-crystals and the higher surface area, good conductivity, and high stability of the Mn0.68Bi0.32OCl mix-crystals.
Development of the knowledge test of medical instruments and materials for cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Tanabe Kouichi , Nitta Atsumi , Origasa Hideki , Nishitani Miyuki , Yatsuduka Miki , Yasuda Tomomi , Yasuda Hatsuna , Hosoya Ken-ichi
Published: October 2021

Background
Focusing on medical instruments and materials used for high-risk medicines for cancer treatments, a test on knowledge of medical instruments requiring acquisition of basic knowledge and materials was developed for students in pharmacy school. The aim of the study is to investigate the reliability and validity of the test (medical instruments and materials for cancer treatment-Questionnaire 45; MIMCT-Q45) we developed.
Methods
Focus group discussion was performed by participants consisting of medical staff considered to have abundant experience of cancer chemotherapy. Content analysis was performed and a list of extracted medical instruments and materials was prepared. A questionnaire survey was performed twice in pharmacy students to confirm reliability employing the retest method. Responses were also collected from nurses and pharmacists to investigate discriminative validity on comparison with the students. Furthermore, difficulty and discrimination were estimated using the item response theory (IRT).
Results
Thirteen types of medical instruments and materials were extracted and listed in the knowledge test. In the questionnaire survey, the overall Cronbach’s α and interclass correlation coefficient were high, but Cronbach’s α was slightly low (0.56-0.58) in some categories. The range of discrimination estimated based on IRT was 0.98-3.09, and that of difficulty was -0.91-3.00.
Conclusions
A knowledge test on cancer chemotherapy-related medical instruments and materials including palliative care at home (MIMCT-Q45) was prepared, and its reliability and validity were confirmed. MIMCT-Q45 might serve as a guidance on basic knowledge to be acquired by students and resident pharmacists and be useful to confirm the level of acquired knowledge.
Optimization of scan range and timing in postoperative CT imaging follow-up for ovarian cancer
Authors: Matsutani Hiroki , Nakai Go , Fujiwara Satoe , Takahashi Satoru , Yamamoto Kazuhiro , Ohmichi Masahide , Osuga Keigo
Published: October 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to optimize the scan range and timing in postoperative CT imaging follow-up for ovarian cancer (OC) patients based on the recurrence pattern in CT imaging and clinical findings.
Methods: The subjects were 194 consecutive patients with primary OC treated at our hospital between 2014 and 2019. Recurrence patterns on chest and abdominopelvic CT images obtained for routine postoperative follow-up were evaluated retrospectively to optimize scan range. Medical records were reviewed to determine whether clinical signs and symptoms (patient-reported symptoms and transvaginal ultrasound findings) and tumor markers levels can be sufficiently reliable indicators of recurrence to optimize timing.
Results: A total of 890 CT examinations were performed for the 194 patients. Data from the 146 patients with no residual disease at the first CT after standard treatment were analyzed. Recurrence was detected by CT in 15 patients: abdominopelvic recurrence alone in 12 patients, and concurrent chest and abdominopelvic recurrence in 3 patients (2.1%). Abdominopelvic recurrence preceded chest recurrence in all cases. At the time of CT-based recurrence, 13 patients (87%) had medical examination findings and/or elevated tumor markers, while the remaining 2 patients had neither.
Conclusions: Regular medical examination and tumor markers were useful for detecting recurrence, but overlooked 13% of patients with recurrence. This indicates that routine abdominopelvic CT is essential for follow-up. However, routine chest CT may not be necessary unless abdominopelvic recurrence is detected first.
Single-cell profiling of human subventricular zone progenitors identifies SFRP1 as a target for stimulating progenitor activation
Authors: Donega Vanessa , Geest Astrid van der , Sluijs Jacqueline , Dijk Roland Van , Wang Chi Chiu , Basak Onur , Pasterkamp R. Jeroen , Hol Elly
Published: October 2021

Following the decline of neurogenesis at birth, progenitors of the subventricular zone (SVZ) remain mostly in a quiescent state in the adult human brain. The mechanisms that regulate this quiescent state are still unclear. Here, we isolated CD271+ progenitors from the aged human SVZ for single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Our transcriptome data revealed the identity of progenitors of the aged human SVZ as late oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. We identified the Wnt pathway antagonist SFRP1 as a possible signal that promotes quiescence of progenitors from the aged human SVZ. Administration of WAY-316606, a small molecule that inhibits SFRP1 function, stimulates activation of neural stem cells both in vitro and in vivo under homeostatic conditions. Our data unravel a possible mechanism through which progenitors of the adult human SVZ are maintained in a quiescent state and a potential target for stimulating progenitors to re-activate.
Multi-objective Optimization of Pneumatic Mixing Systems for Anaerobic Digesters: A Hybrid Technique of Statistical Modeling and Numerical Simulations
Authors: Mahmoodi-Eshkaftaki Mahmood , Rahmanian-Koushkaki Hossein
Published: October 2021

Development a suitable mixing system for biogas plants is one of the most important factors to degrade organic matters in digesters. Therefore, pneumatic and mechanical mixing systems were integrated with their optimum conditions to produce a suitable strategy for mixing slurry. Pneumatic mixing parameters were investigated using computational fluid dynamics and image processing techniques. The mixing characteristics and biogas compounds were modeled according to biogas injection parameters, and integrated into the desirability function to determine the optimum conditions. The models indicated that for lower injection repetition in different injection positions, a higher mass flow rate was needed to improve the mixing characteristics and CH4 content. Optimization of these parameters showed that the best amounts of injection mass rate, injection pressure and injection repetition were 0.02 g/s, 2.84 bar and 3 times, respectively, and their optimum ranges were 0.015‒0.028 g/s, 1.5‒4.7 bar and 1‒4 times. However, the best injection was injection through mixer and injection in floor of digester for 2 or 3 times in 24 h. From the optimum ranges, some amounts were investigated in the digesters using the computational fluid dynamics, and the determined mixing characteristics were in agreement with findings of the image processing method.
Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Babylonia Formosae and Babylonia Zeylanica (Neogastropoda: Babyloniidae) and Increased Sampling Give New Insights Into Neogastropoda Phylogeny
Authors: Huang Hongwei , Yang huai , Li Jiji , Guo baoying , Ye Yingying
Published: October 2021

The phylogenetic relationships of Neogastropoda, a group of highly complex predatory marine snails, have been controversial. The two newly sequenced mitogenomes of Babylonia formosae and Babylonia zeylanica (Neogastropoda: Babyloniidae) are described. The mitogenomes of B. zeylanica and B. formosae were 16, 214 bp and 16, 181 bp in length, respectively. The mitogenomes of both species contain 13 PCGs, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes. The sequence of genes differed from the ancestral mitochondrial gene arrangement of Caenogastropoda mitogenomes. Also, 63 Neogastropoda species were analyzed for the genome organization of seventeen major lineage of Neogastropoda, five types of mitochondrial genome arrangement were identified. Bayesian Inference phylogenetic trees and Maximum likehood of Neogastropoda were established according to complete mitogenome. The monophyly of Neogastropoda families is strongly supported by this study, in contrast to previous molecular studies. Our results shed light on gene sequence distribution/arrangement characteristics of Neogastropoda mitogenomes, provide fundamental information for further phylogenetic studies on Neogastropoda.
Impact of Self-Coiling Catheters for Continuous Popliteal Sciatic Block on Postoperative Pain Level and Dislocation Rate: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nickl Rosa , Vicent Oliver , Müller Thomas , Osmers Anne , Schubert Konrad , Koch Thea , Richter Torsten
Published: October 2021

Background: Catheter dislocation within the tissue is a challenge in continuous regional anesthesia. A novel self-coiling catheter design has been available providing lower dislocation rate in a cadaver model. So far it hasn´t been demonstrated whether the self-coiling catheter offers any remarkable advantages for continuous peripheral regional anesthesia in vivo. Methods: After ethics committee approval 140 patients undergoing elective distal lower limb surgery were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled trial. Preoperatively, patients were randomly assigned and received either the conventional (n=70) or self-coiling catheter (n=70) for ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block in short axis view and in-plane approach from lateral. The primary endpoint was pain intensity after surgery and on the following days. Secondary outcomes investigated were dislocation rate in situ, externally visible catheter movement, opioid consumption as well as leakage at the puncture site.Results: All catheters were successfully inserted. The study population of self-coiling catheters had significantly lower mean numeric rating scale values than the reference cohort on the first (p=0.01) and second postoperative days (p<0.01). Sonographic evaluation has shown, 42 standard catheters (60 %) and 10 self-coiling catheters (14.3 %) were dislocated in situ within the first three postoperative days. The externally visible movement of the catheters at insertion site did not differ significantly and was on average less than 0.5 cm on the third day. The amount of opioids administered was significantly lower in the self-coiling catheter group on the day of surgery and on the second and third postoperative days (p=0.04, p=0.03 and p=0.04, respectively). Conclusion: The self-coiling catheter offers a superior postoperative pain control and a lower dislocation rate within the tissue for popliteal sciatic nerve blockade compared to a conventional catheter. Further trials in large patient cohorts are warranted to investigate potential beneficial effects of self-coiling catheters for other localisations and other application techniques.Trial registration: The trial was registered at German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) on 08/04/2020 (DRKS00020938, retrospectively registered).