СТРУКТУРНО-ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СУДІВ ЛЬВІВСЬКОГО АПЕЛЯЦІЙНОГО ОКРУГУ НАПЕРЕДОДНІ ДРУГОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Levyk Yaroslav ,   Львівський апеляційний суд
Published: July 2024

The research aims to reveal and study the transformational process of the Polish judicial system in a historical context, focusing on the Lviv Court of Appeal, district and city courts of the Lviv Appellate District in the period between the First and Second World Wars (1919-1939). Analyzing this period, we will consider the influence of key historical, political, social and legal factors on the structure and functioning of the judicial system. The specificity of the interwar period was determined by political instability, changes in power, and territorial negotiations. In this context, the research aims to understand how these changes have affected the organization and work of judicial institutions. The study of the judicial process and justice of this period is important for revealing the dynamics of the legal system and its response to the challenges of that time. In addition, the study is designed to analyze the role of judicial institutions in ensuring human rights and developing legal culture in the Lviv Appellate District. Considering the difficulties as well as ups and downs of that period, we will consider how the judicial system interacted with other sectors of society and influenced the formation of legal consciousness. A comprehensive analysis of various sources, including court documents, legislative acts, publications of the time and historical materials, will provide an opportunity to highlight the complex aspects of the transformations that took place in the Polish judicial system in the Lviv Appellate District during the interwar period. In January 1939, the Lviv Court of Appeal functioned on the basis of an ordered and detailed organizational structure. A key feature was a clear hierarchy, which made it possible to effectively resolve legal issues and ensure a judicial process within the framework of the Lviv Appellate District. The management of the court ensured the performance of important tasks and functions assigned to it in accordance with the current legislation. In addition, the Lviv Court of Appeal was charged with the great responsibility of managing ten district courts and 107 city courts that were under its administrative responsibility. The location of these judicial institutions was determined according to the territorial final logistics of that time and took into account certain administrative and practical requirements. The number of district courts in the Lviv Appellate District is covered in detail and the structure of its management is carefully analyzed. An important aspect is the accurate information about the number of district courts subordinate to the given appellate district. The surnames and original data of the judges of the Court of Appeals of the NKVD-NKGB of the Ukrainian SSR and the USSR repressed in 1939-1940 are indicated, as well as the location of archival criminal cases related to them. A conclusion is made about the chauvinistic selection of judges. Keywords: Second Commonwealth of Poland, the judicial system of Poland, district and city courts, judges, investigative judges, prosecutors.