bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Severity of opioid dependence and its relation with psychosocial factors of users.
Authors: Owais Kareem  , Muhammad Asif  , Sohaib Hassan  , Muqaddas Abaid  , Muhammad Ashrib  , Muhammad Arqam Arshad
Published: November 2021

Objectives: To determine the relationship between severe opioid dependence and psychosocial factors of users Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Psychiatry Nishtar Hospital Multan. Period: Nov 2018 to May 2020. Material & Methods: 196 participants were enrolled through non probability purposive sampling technique. Pearson chi square test was applied to identify significant relationship between severe opioid dependence and psychosocial factors. Result: Mean age of study cases was 30.86 ± 1.66. The frequency of severe opioid dependence was noted in 159 (81.1%) of study participants. Statistical significant relation of severe opioid dependence was noted with age, literacy status, literacy level, marital status, monthly income, route of opioid use, frequency of opioid use per day, previous detoxification treatment and encounters with law enforcement agencies Conclusion: The severity of opioid dependence was high in patients admitted for treatment of opioid use. Severe opioid dependence was related with certain psychosocial factors such as user’s age, literacy status, literacy level, marital status, monthly income, route of opiod use, frequency of opioid use, previous detoxification treatment for opioid use and encounters with law enforcement agencies. This suggests that optimal treatment of severe opioid dependence should include interventions based on individual’s psychosocial needs.
An unusual case of maxillary permanent 1st molar with two pulp canals with pulp necrosis; diagnosis and endodontic management.
Authors: Sarang Suresh Hotchandani  , Priya Rani Harjani  , Feroze Ali Kalhoro
Published: November 2021

The present case report highlights the need to identify variations in root canal anatomy as a prerequisite for effective nonsurgical root canal therapy planning. As clinicians, we need to develop our observational and clinical abilities as well as amend our understanding of the complexities of the canal anatomy. Reports describing the structure of teeth and pulp canals rarely report the presence of two pulp canals in two permanent upper 1st molars. In this case, it describes the nonsurgical root canal therapy of the upper right 1st permanent molar with two pulp canals, which was confirmed by a cone beam.
Exhibiting Refugee Routes: Contemporary Collecting as Memory Politics
Authors: Marselis Randi
Published: November 2021

In recent years, numerous European museums have collected objects related to refugees. This article examines the Flight for Life (På Flugt) exhibition (2017), which the National Museum of Denmark organized based on a contemporary collecting project that took place in Greece and Denmark in 2016. Alison Landsberg’s concept of prosthetic memory is made use of here to examine how the exhibition invited visitors to identify with refugees. This empathetic approach had political potential by promoting solidarity with refugees. However, it did not open up a broader contextualization of the collected objects in terms of the migration policies of Denmark and the European Union. This article argues that museums, through contemporary collecting projects of the refugee reception crisis, engage in memory politics by framing how Europe will be able to make sense of the refugee reception crisis of the early twenty-first century.
Surgical management of splenic tuberculosis with pleural fistulation in a COVID-19 patient
Authors: Mohamed Firas Ayadi , Mohamed Hajri , Ghofran Talbi , Hafedh Mestiri , Rached Bayar
Published: November 2021

A 38-year-old woman with no past medical history presented to the emergency room with dyspnea, fever and upper left abdominal pain.
Desenvolvimento de software através do Pylinac para automatização da análise do Winston-Lutz em EPID e dos testes do isocentro radiativo
Authors: Secco Mattesco André Luís , Cunha Silveira Alves da Silva Diego , Donisete Fioravante Gustavo , Vinícius de Camargo André
Published: November 2021

A radiocirurgia estereotáxica vem sendo utilizada cada vez mais por se tratar de uma técnica precisa para tratamentos cerebrais, na qual uma alta dose de radiação é depositada no volume alvo. Para que seja possível utilizar esta técnica de tratamento é recomendado que a verificação da isocentricidade de radiação seja feita sempre que a técnica for utilizada. Um dos testes que são empregados para essa verificação é o Winston-Lutz, no qual é possível, através de imagens, identificar se o isocentro radiativo está dentro dos limites de tolerância estipulados por um equipamento habilitado para realização de técnicas especiais, assim como a radiocirurgia. Além desse, outros testes podem ser feitos para essa verificação. Um deles é o modelo star shot, no qual, através de diferentes disposições de setup, é possível verificar os isocentros dos principais componentes do acelerador: Gantry, colimador e mesa. Apesar das análises dos testes poderem ser realizados de forma manual, existe a possibilidade da influência do operador no momento da análise. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um software através da biblioteca Pylinac para que as análises realizadas pelo usuário sejam feitas com agilidade e operador independente. Por se tratar de um programa open-source e sem vínculo comercial a sua aquisição é acessível para todos usuários que necessitam realizar os testes e análises dos testes Winston-Lutz e Star shot. Entretanto, para garantir a eficácia e aplicabilidade de software desenvolvido é de extrema importância realizar uma validação com algum software comercialmente disponível ou com análises manuais realizadas por usuários diferentes. A validação foi realizada para o teste Winston-Lutz utilizando o software MyQA e foi encontrada uma concordância estaticamente significativa entre os dois programas.
A Negação do Sujeito na empresa colonial
Authors: Castelo Branco Manoel J. de F.
Published: November 2021

A experiência da consciência na América Latina está marcada pela negação e pelo trauma: historicamente oprimida e negada. A experiência da consciência negada pode ser explicitada sob diversos enfoques: sob o ponto de vista do índio, sob o ponto de vista do negro, ou sob o ponto de vista do pobre...
Liberdade e Libertação
Authors: Boff Leonardo
Published: November 2021

O tema é muito complexo. Exige-se de qualquer expositor capacidade de análise de enorme mole de dados e, ao mesmo tempo, capacidade de síntese. Nesta síntese devem emergir as principais vertentes históricas que sejam significativas para o tema proposto. De antemão deixo claro que minha interpretação está condicionada pelo meu lugar social latino-americano, pela minha prática histórica pessoal, comum a tantos intelectuais de minha geração, que se associaram à causa dos oprimidos e que reconhecem, contra todas as difamações, o direito e a dignidade das lutas dos marginalizados, a relevância ética de seus ideais e apoiam a esperança histórico-política de que são portadores, em prol de uma sociedade distinta, de cunho democrático e social, com sua correspondente expressão religiosa e eclesial...
Sequential Damming Induced Winter Season Flash Flood in Uttarakhand Province of India
Authors: Rautela Piyoosh , Khanduri Sushil , Kundalia Surabhi , Joshi Girish Chandra , Jugran Rahul
Published: November 2021

204 persons were killed while two hydropower projects located in close proximity at Rishiganga (13.2 MW), and Tapoban (520 MW) were damaged in Dhauliganga flood of February 7, 2021 in the Indian Himalaya. This incidence occurred during the winter season when the discharge of the glacier fed rivers is minimal, and no rain was experienced in the region around the time of the flood. Despite discharge of the main river, Rishiganga, not involved in the flood due to damming upstream of its confluence with Raunthi Gadhera, based on field evidences massive volume of around 6 million cu m water involved in this flood is attributed to sequential intermittent damming at three different places; (i) Raunthi Gadhera was dammed first in its upper reaches, (ii) Rishiganga river was then dammed to the north of Murunna, and (iii) finally Dhauliganga river was dammed around Rini village to the upstream of its confluence with Rishiganga river. Lacking warning system only enhanced the flood-induced devastation. Legally binding disaster risk assessment regime, together with robust warning generation, and dissemination infrastructure are therefore recommended for all major infrastructure projects.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI GEL MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN KEMANGI (Oscimum basillicum L) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Shoviantari Fenita
Published: November 2021

The essential oil of basil leaves (Oscimum basillicum L) has a mixture of chemical compositions, the most common of which are terpenes, aldehydes, alcohols, esters, phenols and ketones. Of these compounds that have antibacterial activity is linalool (51.2-74.73%) which is included in the terpenoid compound group. Objective: This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of the concentration of basil essential oil on the physical quality test of gel preparations and to determine whether there is a difference in the effect of the concentration of basil essential oil on antibacterial activity. The essential oil of basil leaves essential oil hand antiseptic gel was formulated with 4%, 6%, and 8% concentration of basil essential oil. Method: Antibacterial activity test was performed using the Disk Diffusion method. Results: The results of the research for the hand antiseptic gel of the essential oil of basil leaves (Oscimum basillicum L) met the parameters of the organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, spreadability test and adhesion test. Basil leaf essential oil hand antiseptic gel with a concentration of 4% can inhibit bacterial growth with an average of 9mm, a concentration of 6% with an average of 10mm, and a concentration of 8% with an average of 12mm. By analyzing the data using One Way ANOVA, the Sig. 0,000 which means that there are differences in the three formulations. Conclusion: The three formulations are susceptible to strong inhibition.
UJI HEDONISME SEDIAAN GEL ANTIJERAWAT DARI JERUK NIPIS
Authors: Ratnasari Diah
Published: November 2021

Clean, smooth, and disease-free facial skin is a dream. However, the reality is that many people have skin problems. The skin problem that often occurs is acne. One way to treat acne is by using herbal preparations. Herbal plants that have anti-acne properties include Citrus aurantiifolia and menthol. The purpose of this study was to make antiacne gel preparations from Citrus aurantiifolia and menthol. There are also stages of this research, including formula making, production and physical evaluation of preparations to obtain the best dosage formulas. In addition, the determination of the optimum stability and formula is obtained from the physical evaluation of the gel preparation which includes organoleptic and hedonism test.

 Keyword : herbal, Citrus aurantiifolia, menthol, hedonism test
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIHIPERGLIKEMIA EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% Echinometra mathaei PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN
Authors: Kresnamurti Angelica , Angelica Nana , Izazi Farizah
Published: November 2021

Abstract : Sea urchin (Echinometra mathaei) contains a compound of Echinochrome A, which is a polyhydroxy naphthoquinone that is known to be potential antioxidant. The antioxidant effect correlated with the antidiabetic activity that associated with oxidative stress conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 70% Ethanol Extract of sea urchin (Echinometra mathaei) on blood glucose levels in alloxan induced rats. This research was an experimental study using 30 male white rats, divided into 6 groups, i.e the negative control group (normal rat were only given CMC Na 0,5%), Positive control group (hyperglycemic rats were only treated with CMC Na 0,5%), metformin group as a refference standard group (hyperglycemic rats that treated with metformin) and the treatment group (hyperglycemic rats were treated with ethanol extract 70% of Echinometra mathaei dose of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW and 400 mg/kgBW). Alloxan monohidrat 120 mg/KgBW was used as diabetogen agent. The parameters examined in this study were blood glucose levels of rats after 7 days of treatment. The observational data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA (P < 0.05) and continued with LSD. The results of this study showed that all doses of ethanol extract significantly reduced blood glucose levels in rats compared to the control group. The most effective dose in reducing blood glucose levels and compared to metformin was 400 mg / kgBW.

Key word: alloxan induced, Echinometra mathaei, ethanol 70%, hiperglycemia, marine product.
Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat di Kelurahan Jelekong Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Jasaputra Diana Krisanti , Dani Dani , Hilianti Felisia
Published: November 2021

Semua penduduk kampung dalam menjaga kesehatan perlu menjaga perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) termasuk di Kelurahan Jelekong, Bandung. Salah satu kegiatan Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat (GERMAS) adalah PHBS. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah  memberi penyuluhan mengenai PHBS agar dapat mencegah penyakit tidak menular. Pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan dengan penyuluhan mengenai PHBS. Penyuluhan PHBS meliputi cara-cara mencuci tangan, saat sebelum dan sesudah makan, sebelum mempersiapkan makanan, setelah BAB/BAK. Penyuluhan yang dilakukan adalah mengenai pentingnya penggunaan jamban, dan memiliki jamban pribadi. Penyuluhan juga menekankan pentingnya makan makanan sehat yaitu buah dan sayur setiap hari, demikian juga melakukan olah raga seperti berjalan kaki 2-3 kali seminggu. Topik penyuluhan berikutnya adalah pentingnya memberantas jentik-jentik nyamuk dengan 3M. Masyarakat yang mengikuti penyuluhan kemudian diminta untuk mengisi survei sehingga akan diperoleh data awal untuk tindak lanjut berikutnya guna mencegah penyakit tidak menular.
Program Cerdas Penghijauan Dengan Casuarina Equisetifolia di Pantai Parupuk Tabing Kota Padang
Authors: Jamilah Jamilah , Berd Isril , Junaidi Junaidi , Mizwar Zuherna , Erwin Erwin , Nursidah Nursidah
Published: November 2021

Kegiatan penghjauan di Pantai Parupuk Tabing Kota Padang merupakan suatu keharusan dan menjadi tanggung jawab semua fihak.  Hal ini karena kondisi pantai yang sangat tandus, dan mengkhawatirkan adanya isu tsunami yang akan membahayakan secara langsung masyarakat yang ada ditepi pantai.  Saat ini pemerintah Kota Padang sudah membangun crip pemecah ombak dengan menumpuk secara teratur batu coral menjorok ke laut yang berguna memecah ombak.  Namun jika ada bencana gempa yang besar, hal ini dianggap akan membahayakan.  Oleh sebab itu penghijauan pantai menggunakan tanaman casuarina equisetifolia menjadi laternatif yang paling aman.  Masyarakat digandeng bersama dalam upaya menghijuakan pantai, baik dalam kegiatan menyulam tanaman yang mati atau juga memelihara tanaman yang tumbuh. Dari kegiatan memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat pantai upaya pemeliharaan tanaman yang baik, mampu menurunkan angka kematian tanaman dari 30%  menjadi 5% saja. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat agar mampu memelihara lingkungan khususnya menjaga tanaman yang tumbuh agar tepi pantai terpelihara tetap hijau. Selain itu, diharapkan pantai tidak mudah tergerus ombak. Kesimpulan kegiatan penghijauan pantai Parupuk Tabing dengan menggunakan tanaman Casurina sangat efektif dalam memelihara pantai dari kekeringan dan kegersangan. Upaya tersebut menjadi sangat besar maknanya karena ada  komitmen bersama antara masyarakat sekitar yang mendapat manfaat dari penghijauan tersebut. Kerjasama dengan masyarakat mencegah banyaknya tanaman yang mati akibat kekeringan.
Peningkatan Daya Saing Pelaku Usaha Berbahan Baku Ubi Kayu Melalui Teknologi Informasi
Authors: Aminudin Aminudin , Cahyono Eko Budi
Published: November 2021

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk unggulan daerah di Desa Tirtoyudo Kecamatan Tirtoyudo Kabupaten Malang. Pentingnya pengabdian ini dipicu oleh prospek bisnis berbahan baku ubi kayu baik karena dukungan Pemerintah maupun karena bahan pangan tersebut menjadi salah satu komoditas pertanian utama di Desa Tirtoyudo. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut maka dalam pengabdian ini dilakukan beberapa tahapan diantaranya adalah diskusi langsung dengan kelompok tani Desa Tirtoyudo, pelatihan pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi bahan makanan yang siap dikonsumsi, dan pembangunan aplikasi dengan tujuan menyederhanakan rantai distribusi dari produsen ke konsumen dengan memanfaatkan lingkungan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK). Lingkungan TIK yang dibangun dapat dibuka device smartphone ataupun komputer. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan pengabdian yang telah dilaksanakan, diketahui bahwa penggunaan instrumen teknologi informasi dalam kegiatan pemasaran mutlak dibutuhkan untuk memperlancar kegiatan tersebut.
Sosialisasi Penggunaan Qr Code Sebagai Upaya Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Untuk Siswa SMK
Authors: Candra Eva Nurul , Mufliharsi Risa
Published: November 2021

Quick Response Code (QR code) merupakan salah satu bentuk pemanfaatan pengembangan bahan ajar yang disusun sesuai dengan kebutuhan para siswa di kelas sebagai salah satu langkah untuk memasuki era digitalisasi bagi para siswa sekolah, khususnya siswa SMK. Melalui sosialisasi penggunaan QR Code, guru Bahasa Inggris dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dan mengoptimalkan eksplorasi pembelajaran  kepada siswa tidak hanya saat di kelas, tetapi juga di luar kelas. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai pada kegiatan ini antara lain: 1) mensosialisasikan QR code sebagai sarana tambahan pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris; 2) Mensosialisasikan penggunaan media QR code kepada para guru, khususnya guru bahasa Inggris untuk diterapkan pada pembelajaran bahasa Inggris; 3)Menambah pengetahuan para guru dalam meningkatkan kualitas diri di dalam mengajar, terutama mengajar bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing. Kegiatan bertempat di SMK Islam Assa’Adatul Abadiyah Tanjung Duren – Jakarta Barat dengan menggunakan metode pelatihan. Dari hasil kegiatan ini,respon dari para guru setelah menggunaan QR code, mereka mengatakan QR code membantu meningkatkan keaktifan partisipasi siswa dalam mempelajari Bahasa Inggris baik di luar ataupun saat pembelajaran di kelas. Selain itu, dari sisi guru Bahasa Inggris, penggunaan QR Code sebagai variasi dalam pengembangan bahan ajar untuk pemberian materi, tugas bahkan evaluasi, yang dapat dilakukan baik di dalam maupun di luar kelas kepada mahasiswa.
Pemanfaatan Tools Animasi Untuk Media Pembelajaran Bagi SMKN 1 Labang Bangkalan Madura
Authors: Kurniawati Arik , Siradjuddin Indah Agustien , Sophan Mochammad Kautsar , Sari Ariesta Kartika , Ningsih Puji Rahayu , Ramansyah Wanda
Published: November 2021

Media pembelajaran merupakan salah satu aspek terpenting dalam proses pembelajaran, karena akan membantu siswa dalam memahami ceramah yang diberikan oleh guru. Seiring tumbuhnya teknologi informasi di Era Industrial 4.0, maka sebaiknya media pembelajaran yang digunakan juga menggunakan teknologi informasi terbaru yang dibuat semenarik mungkin sehingga menimbulkan semangat siswa dalam memperhatikan dan memahami mata pelajaran yang diajarkan. Dalam pengabdian ini, digunakan Animaker, sebagai tools untuk membuat media pembelajaran, karena memiliki banyak fitur, selain itu media ini dapat dilihat dan dipelajari oleh siswa kapan saja, di mana saja dengan smartphone yang mereka miliki. Pemanfaatan tools Animasi sebagai Media Pembelajaran dilakukan di SMKN 1 Labang, Bangkalan, Madura. Ada empat langkah utama untuk membangun media pembelajaran menggunakan Animaker, yaitu menentukan topik ceramah; memilih karakter yang sesuai dan juga property; mendefinisikan adegan; dan langkah terakhir adalah mendesain scene. Bentuk kegiatan ini adalah pelatihan tentang cara membuat media pembelajaran menggunakan Animaker dan selanjutnya adalah pendampingan dalam mengerjakan tugas untuk membuat projek sesuai dengan mata pelajaran yang meraka ajarkan. Berdasarkan pelatihan dan tugas proyek yang diberikan ini, Animaker dapat digunakan sebagai tools yang menarik untuk membuat media pembelajaran.
Enseñanza-aprendizaje y Lengua de Signos Española (LSE): el concepto “número primo”
Authors: Valdés-González Aránzazu , Álvarez-Arregui Emilio , Rodríguez-Martín Alejandro , Martín-Antón Javier
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo tiene como finalidad recoger y compartir el proceso íntegro que se ha desarrollado para transmitir los conceptos número primo y número compuesto a personas Sordas usuarias de la Lengua de Signos Española (LSE) como primera lengua y semilingües en lengua oral. Durante este proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje nos encontramos con carencias en los materiales lexicográficos de la LSE. Por un lado, los diccionarios de LSE no recogen una unidad léxica válida para los conceptos trabajados; y, por otro lado, las carencias detectadas nos impidieron definirlos en LSE. Por ello, recurrimos al empleo de materiales manipulativos para –a partir de los conocimientos previos de nuestros colaboradores– enseñarles la diferencia entre números primos y compuestos y, además, fomentar la aparición de una imagen mental que beneficia la interiorización y el recuerdo a largo plazo. Como resultado final se crearon dos unidades léxicas para NÚMERO.PRIMO y NÚMERO.COMPUESTO.
Volcano monitoring and hazard assessments in Chile
Authors: Amigo Alvaro
Published: November 2021

Volcanism in Chile occurs in a variety of tectonic settings but mostly in the context of oceanic-continental plate collision, including 92 potentially active volcanoes. There have been more than 30 documented eruptions in the last few centuries. The Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN) is a statutory agency of the Government of Chile responsible for volcano monitoring and hazard assessments across the country. After the impacts derived from volcanic activity at the end of the 20th century, SERNAGEOMIN created the Volcano Hazards Program and the Observatorio Volcanológico de Los Andes del Sur (OVDAS). Despite this effort, most volcanoes in Chile remained unmonitored. In 2008, the aftermath of the eruption of Chaitén led to a nationwide program in order to improve eruption forecasting, development of early warning capabilities and our state of readiness for volcanic impacts through hazard assessments. In the last decade responses to volcanic crises have been indubitably successful providing technical advice before and during volcanic eruptions.
El volcanismo en Chile ocurre en una amplia variedad de regímenes tectónicos, aunque principalmente en el contexto de la colisión de placas. Alrededor de 92 volcanes son considerados potencialmente activos y más de 30 presentan actividad histórica documentada en los últimos siglos. El Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN) es la agencia gubernamental responsable de la evaluación de peligros y monitoreo de la actividad volcánica en el país. Como consecuencia de los impactos derivados de las erupciones volcánicas ocurridas hacia finales del siglo pasado, SERNAGEOMIN creó el Programa de Riesgo Volcánico y el Observatorio Volcanológico de los Andes del Sur (OVDAS). No obstante, a pesar de este esfuerzo la mayoría de los volcanes en Chile se mantenían sin monitoreo. Luego de los impactos derivados de la erupción del volcán Chaitén en 2008, un nuevo programa nacional fue creado con el fin de fortalecer la vigilancia y la evaluación de los peligros volcánicos en el país. En la última década, la respuesta a crisis volcánicas ha sido exitosa, proporcionando apoyo técnico en forma previa y durante erupciones.
Instituto Geofísico – Escuela Politécnica Nacional, the Ecuadorian Seismology and Volcanology Service
Authors: Ramon Patricio , Vallejo Silvia , Mothes Patricia , Andrade Daniel , Vásconez Francisco , Yepes Hugo , Hidalgo Silvana , Santamaría Santiago
Published: November 2021

Ninety-eight Quaternary volcanoes have been identified in the Ecuadorian Andes and the Galápagos Islands, from them, nine experienced at least one eruption in the last twenty years. Additionally, about 35 % of the Ecuadorian population live in areas that could be affected by future volcanic eruptions. The Instituto Geofísico of the Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) monitors and evaluates Ecuador’s volcanic hazards: nineteen volcanic hazard maps and hundreds of related articles have been published as a result of its research. The monitoring networks include eighteen volcanoes, with more than 266 stations, which also form the basis for early warning systems at several volcanoes. Volcanic activity is widely communicated by the IG-EPN through periodic information published in different media (website and social networks). Ecuadorian volcanoes will erupt in the future and, therefore, the IGEPN continuously updates its monitoring and hazard assessment practices and improves communication channels and protocols to successfully fulfil its responsibilities.Noventa y ocho volcanes cuaternarios han sido identificados en los Andes ecuatorianos y Galápagos de los cuales nueve han experimentado erupciones al menos una vez en los últimos veinte años. Adicionalmente, alrededor del 35 % de la población ecuatoriana vive en zonas que podrían ser afectadas durante futuras erupciones. El Instituto Geofísico de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) monitorea y evalúa la amenaza volcánica del país y, como resultado de sus investigaciones, diecinueve mapas de amenaza volcánica y centenares de artículos científicos han sido publicados. Las redes de vigilancia comprenden dieciocho volcanes e incluyen más de 266 estaciones, que son parte también de los sistemas de alerta temprana. La actividad volcánica es comunicada amplia y periódicamente por el IG-EPN a través diferentes medios (página web y redes sociales). Comprendiendo que futuras erupciones ocurrirán en Ecuador, el IG-EPN continúa actualizando sus prácticas de vigilancia y evaluación de la amenaza, y mejorando sus protocolos de comunicación para cumplir exitosamente sus responsabilidades.
A Technique for Treatment of Lateral Crus Malposition and Alar Rim Retraction Simultaneously in Rhinoplasty: Caudal Extended Lateral Crural Strut Graft
Authors: DEMİR Can İlker , YAŞAR Emrah Kağan , ALAGÖZ Murat Şahin
Published: November 2021

Objective: Cephalic malposition and weakness of the lateral crus may result in a long alar line, boxy nasal tip, parenthesis-deformity of the alar rim and external nasal valve insufficiency in deep inspiration, in addition to alar retraction. There is no gold standard method for correcting alar retraction and lateral crus deformities in rhinoplasty operations. Caudal extended lateral crural strut (CELCS) graft is a technique used to correct malposition of the lateral crus, to strengthen a weak lateral crus and to correct the alar rim retraction. An autologous septal cartilage graft may be used during CELCS.
Methods: CELCS graft was placed in 46 primary, open rhinoplasty procedures between 2014 and 2019. The graft was harvested from septal cartilage and placed on the lateral crus so that the cephalic areas overlapped while the caudal portion would extend into the pocket created in the caudal rim.
Results: Of the 46 patients, 30 (65.2%) were female and 16 (34.8%) were male. Median (range) age was 32 (23 to 41) years. All patients underwent CELCS graft, placed to correction cephalic malposition and alar rim retraction simultaneously. The average follow-up period was 12 months (9-15 months). Satisfactory results were achieved in all patients.
Conclusion: CELCS graft was a successful method to correct both lateral crus malposition and alar rim retraction simultaneously.
First Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Horses in Muş Province of Turkey
Authors: OĞUZ Bekir
Published: November 2021

Objective: Equine granulocytic anaplasmosis (EGA) caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a disease that generally develop characteristic high fever and a number of changes in blood such as thrombocytopenia. The main transmission of A. phagocytophilum is hard ticks through intrastadially. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of A. phagocytophilum in horses in Muş province of Turkey by using molecular methods. Methods: In the present survey, blood samples were collected in Muş province from 93 horse. Commercial ELISA kit (IgG) and nested-PCR were performed. The DNA was extracted from blood and analysed by nested-PCR technique targeting 16S rRNA gene of A. phagocytophilum and then positive PCR products were sequenced. Results: The seroprevalence against A. phagocytophilum was 8.6% and 6 horses (6.4%) showed positive nested-PCR results. The sequences had 99.5 and 100% homology with the BLAST published A. phagocytophilum amplicons. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first molecular data of A. phagocytophilum in horses in Muş province of Turkey. This study also reveals that A. phagocytophilum isolates isolated from a small region are closely related to A. phagocytophilum isolated from a wide variety of hosts.
Usage of Peptide Antigens for Antibody-Based BoNT Detection System
Authors: IŞIK Meryem , BİLİCİ Zülal , ÇİNE Naci , ÖZTÜRK Selma
Published: November 2021

Objective: In the current study, we aimed to elicit a BoNT-specific immune response via using peptides designed by using bioinformatics tools instead of using intact native BoNT A toxin itself and to demonstrate the usage of these anti-peptide antibodies in a toxin detection system.
Methods: Synthetic epitopic regions specific to LC, HN and HC regions of BoNT A were selected as antigen using B cell “Epitope Prediction Tools” form IEDB and shown to be on the surface of BoNT A with a software (Discovery Studio 4.0). Selected peptides were used in mice immunizations and the interaction between developed anti-peptide antibodies and the native intact BoNT A was examined.
Results: The detection of native intact BoNT A at picogram levels per milliliter was performed with anti-peptide antibodies developed against three different peptides (P1, P2, and P3) in mice.
Conclusion: The current study shows that synthetic peptides are at least as effective as the native toxin or the toxoid itself for raising high-affinity antibodies against toxins. In addition, considering the need for a quick diagnosis of botulism and, already used test systems in which many experimental animals are sacrificed, these results demonstrate the necessity of synthetic peptide immunogens usage to reduce both the number of animals and the amount of toxin usage.
Comparison of the Efficiency of Conventional Diffusion, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, and Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Imaging in the Evaluation of Liver Fibrosis
Authors: ZENGİN FISTIKÇIOĞLU Neriman , İNAN GÜRCAN Nagihan , TOSUN Mesude , USLU Hande
Published: November 2021

Objective: Liver fibrosis is a dynamic, reversible process that can result in liver failure. There has been considerable interest in developing noninvasive methods for diagnosis and staging. To investigate the diffusion and perfusion changes of the fibrotic liver parenchyma with conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (CDI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and T2*weighted dynamic susceptibility contrast-magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (DSC-MRPI) at 3Tesla MR scanner.
Methods: Twenty-seven patients with chronic viral hepatitis and 24 volunteers were evaluated, prospectively. The standard MRI protocols of the abdomen, CDI, and DTI were performed. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were obtained, D and FA values were calculated for DTI. Signal Intensity(SI)-time curves were obtained and “blood volume”(BV), “blood flow” (BF), “time to peak”(TTP), “mean transit time”(MTT) were measured. All patients with hepatitis underwent liver biopsy. The efficacy of diffusion and perfusion parameters used in the diagnosis of fibrosis was analyzed with the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).
Results: Patients had significantly lower liver ADC when compared to the control group, either with CDI and DTI. D values obtained from DTI were lower in patients than those of the normal volunteers, and the difference was statistically significant. On DSC-MRPI; BF, BV, MTT, and TTP of the liver were lower than those of the control group but only BV and MTT values showed statistical significance. Liver ADC, D, and BV values had a negative correlation with fibrosis.
Conclusion: The results showed that the D values obtained from DTI, BV, and MTT values obtained from DSC-MRPI can be an efficient diagnostic tool for liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis.
Cerrahi Kliniklerde Uygulama Yapan Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Enfeksiyon Riski Oluşturan Faktörleri Belirleme Durumları
Authors: ÇETİN İbrahim , ALPTEKİN Hatice Merve
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin cerrahi girişim geçiren hastalarda enfeksiyon riski oluşturan faktörleri belirleme durumlarını araştırmaktır.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı türdeki araştırma, cerrahi hemşireliği teorik bilgisine sahip ve klinik uygulama deneyimi olan gönüllü 134 öğrenci ile yapıldı. Verilerin toplanmasında hastaya ait 65 veri içeren 350 kelimelik cerrahi girişim geçiren vaka örneği ve beş soruluk anket formu kullanıldı. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 20.0 paket programı ile analiz edildi.

Bulgular: Öğrencilerin enfeksiyon riski ile ilişkilendirdiği ilk üç faktör sırasıyla; %82,8 ile intravenöz kateter, %70,1 ile üriner kateter ve %64,9 ile cerrahi insizyon olarak tespit edildi. Ameliyatın kendi, sigara kullanımı ve hipotermi, enfeksiyonla en az ilişkilendirilen faktörler oldu.

Sonuç: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin cerrahi klinik hastası için risk faktörlerini belirleme durumları, değişiklik göstermektedir. İntravenöz kateter ve üriner kateter gibi cerrahi hastası için başlıca enfeksiyon riski oluşturan faktörler öğrenciler arasında yaygın olarak bilinmektedir. Bu faktörlerinin bilinmesi, “enfeksiyon riski” hemşirelik tanısına yönelik bakım sürecini yürütmek için önemli bir bulgudur. Oransal olarak en yüksek seviyede saptanan faktörler dahil olmak üzere, enfeksiyona yol açabilecek risklerin öğrenciler tarafından saptanma düzeyi ilerlemeye açıktır.
Fitness Yapan Sporculara Uygulanan Power Plate ve Both Sides Up Egzersizlerinin Denge Gelişimine Etkisi
Authors: UÇAR Selami , BAYAZIT Betül
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Fitness merkezine düzenli gelen bireylere uygulanan power plate ve both sides up (bosu) egzersizlerinin denge gelişimine etkisinin incelenmesidir.
Yöntem: Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, fitness merkezine düzenli gelen 18-35 yaş aralığında 40 erkek katılımcıdan oluşmaktadır. Gönüllü olarak çalışmaya katılan katılımcılar tesadüfi yöntemle 10’ar kişilik 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Bu gruplar, 10 kişi power plate deney, 10 kişi power plate kontrol ve 10 kişi bosu deney, 10 kişi bosu kontrol grubundan oluşmaktadır. Araştırma gruplarına boy, vücut ağırlığı, vücut yağ oranı, alt-üst ekstremite uzunluk, Y Denge, Fonksiyonel Uzanma ve Flamingo test ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Deney gruplarına, haftada 3 gün, günde bir saat olarak toplam 12 hafta çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Kontrol grubu 12 hafta süre ile uygulamaların dışında tutulmuştur.
Bulgular: Araştırmada, deney gruplarında vücut ağırlığı, vücut yağ oranı, Y Denge, Fonksiyonel Uzanma ve Flamingo son test ortalama sonuçları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Kontrol gruplarında vücut ağırlıgı, vücut yağ oranı, Y Denge, Fonksiyonel Uzanma ve Flamingo son test ortalama sonuçları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Bosu ve power plate kontol grupları ön test ile son test ortalama sonuçları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Bosu ve power plate deney grupları ön test sonuçlarında anlamlı farklılık bulunmazken, son test ortalama sonuçları arasında vücut yağ oranında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Vücut ağırlığı ile uygulanan bosu ve power plate üzerinde yapılan düzenli ve sistemli egzersizlerin bireylerin denge değerlerinde bir farklılığın oluştuğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca vücut ağırlığı ve vücut yağ oranında anlamlı oranda azalma olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Performance Evaluation of Pole Placement and Linear Quadratic Regulator Strategies Designed for Mass-Spring-Damper System Based on Simulated Annealing and Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Al-Khazraji Huthaifa , Rasheed Luay T.
Published: November 2021

This paper investigates the performance evaluation of two state feedback controllers, Pole Placement (PP) and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR). The two controllers are designed for a Mass-Spring-Damper (MSD) system found in numerous applications to stabilize the MSD system performance and minimize the position tracking error of the system output. The state space model of the MSD system is first developed. Then, two meta-heuristic optimizations, Simulated Annealing (SA) optimization and Ant Colony (AC) optimization are utilized to optimize feedback gains matrix K of the PP and the weighting matrices Q and R of the LQR to make the MSD system reach stabilization and reduce the oscillation of the response. The Matlab software has been used for simulations and performance analysis. The results show the superiority of the state feedback based on the LQR controller in improving the system stability, reducing settling time, and reducing maximum overshoot. Furthermore, AC optimization shows significant advantages for optimizing the parameters of PP and LQR and reducing the fitness value in comparison with SA optimization
Effect of Fly Ash on Some Properties of Reactive Powder Concrete
Authors: Muhsin Zahraa F , Fawzi Nada Mahdi
Published: November 2021

To achieve sustainability in the field of civil engineering, there has become a great interest in developing reactive powder concrete RPC through the use of environmentally friendly materials to reduce the release of CO2 gas produced from cement factories as well as contribute to the recycling of industrial wastes that have a great impact on environmental pollution.
In this study, reactive powder concrete was prepared using total binder content of 800 kg/m3, water to binder ratio (0.275), and micro steel fibers  1% by volume of concrete. The experimental program included replacing fly ash with (8, 12, 16) % by cement weight to find the optimal ratio, which achieved the best mechanical properties of (RPC) at 7, 28, and 90 days with standard curing. Some mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete (flow, compressive strength, tensile strength, and density) were verified. The results at 28 days showed that the compressive strength (96.5) Mpa, tensile strength (9.38) Mpa, and density (2395 kg/m3). The results showed that the percentage of replacement of 8% of fly ash with cement is the optimal percentage, which achieved the highest resistance compared to the others. The results also indicated that it is possible to develop RPC using fly ash with a high withstand stress, tensile strength, and density.
Construction of Natures and Protests on Instagram: A Study of Virtual Environmental Activism in India During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tuli Nivedita , Danish Azam
Published: November 2021

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in India restricted ‘real world’ protests, shifting dissent to digital spaces. In this article we explore virtual environmental activism on Instagram by looking at two case-studies that gained prominence during this period. The first was the death of a pregnant elephant in Kerala by consuming cracker-laden food meant to deter boars from crop-raiding. The second was an oil and gas leak in Baghjan, an ecologically sensitive region in Assam. Through content analysis of ‘Top’ posts, we thematically classified the representations of nature and non-humans constructed through Instagram visuals, identifying overlaps and contradictions in the two cases. Observing that the images of animals in pain generated massive response, we argue that Susan Sontag’s (2003) framework on the haunting power of images of human suffering can be expanded to include non-humans. These visuals highlight certain creatures, excluding other species and vilifying human communities belonging to the same landscapes. We show how unilinear models of economic development and progress, as well as hierarchical and casteist notions in Hinduism continue to shape environmental debates in India. The religious overtones discount the environmental discourse based on scientific knowledge, and disrupt nuances of community driven action. By tracing the online trajectories of the two protests, we also illustrate how virality limits Instagram activism by sidelining local voices and privileging short-lived consumer action over systemic change.
PERAN ROHIS DALAM PEMBENTUKAN SIKAP KEAGAMAAN PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Wibowo A.M.
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini mencoba melihat kiprah rohis dalam usaha membentuk sikap keagamaan peserta didik di tengah maraknya isu-isu radikalisme yang ditimbulkan dari program kegiatan rohis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ada 3 yaitu (1) untuk memperoleh deskripsi profil Organisasi Kerohanian Islam, (2) mengetahui secara mendalam tentang peran Kerohanian Islam dalam membentuk watak dan sikap peserta didik SMA, (3) Diperoleh deskripsi terkait faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sikap keagamaan peserta didik SMA, dan (4) Mengetahui jaringan komunikasi antara Rohis dengan organisasi Islam dan alumninya. Adapun subyek penelitian ini adalah pada Rohis takmir masjid Nurul Ilmi SMAN 3 Pekalongan. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif penelitian ini menghasilkan 4 temuan. Pertama, profil organisasi rohis takmir masjid Nurul ilmi memiliki peran dalam upaya dakwah Islam yang dikemas dalam kegiatan-kegiatannya seperti kuliah pagi, pengajian, istighosah dan lain sebagainya. Kedua, organisasi kerohanian Islam memiliki andil atau peran yang besar dalam menyemaikan dan membentuk sikap keagamaan peserta didik SMA melalui kegiatan-kegiatan yang diselenggarakannya. Ketiga, faktor internal pendukung kegiatan rohis/takmir dalam perannya membentuk sikap keagamaan adalah visi misi takmir, kepemimpinan, kooordinasi dan konsulidasi antara pengurus takmir atau rohis. Secara eksternal faktor pendukung eksternal berupa kebijakan kepala sekolah, adapun faktor penghambat internal yang menjadi penghambat rohis/takmir adalah tidak adanya mekanisme yang mengatur organisasi, dan pembagian tugas dan fungsi pada masing-masing struktur takmir/rohis, secara eksternal penghambat kegiatan Rohis adalah kebijakan kepala sekolah yang tidak mewajibkan kegiatan rohis menjadi kegiatan wajib di sekolah, sarana dan prasarana yang kurang menunjang kegiatan takmir/rohis, serta masalah pendanaan dalam menjalankan organisasi. Keempat, takmir masjid Nurul Ilmi menjalin kerjasama dengan perguruan tinggi Islam, dan ulama-ulama di Kota Pekalongan.
PERAN KELUARGA DALAM PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT
Authors: Fatimah Putri
Published: November 2021

Latar BelakangParadigma pembangunan kesehatan di Indonesia di lakukan strategi utama pembangunan kesehatan melalui, penguatan promotif preventif dan partisipasi masyarakat.(Idris, 2010) Strategi pendekatan upaya Promotif dan Preventif di masyarakat dengan cara mendekatkan akses pelayanan kesehatan dengan melibatkan keluarga. Pendekatan siklus kehidupa, mengutamakan upaya promotif-preventif, disertai penguatan upaya kesehatan berbasis masyarakat. Kunjungan Keluarga dilakukan oleh pelayanan kesehatan secara aktif untuk peningkatan cakupan pelayanan kesehatan. Dengan mendatangi keluarga, petugas kesehatan memberikan intervensi dini permasalah kesehatan yang ada di setiap keluarga. Kondisi dan permasalahan kesehatan keluarga akan menjadi acuan dalam melakukan evaluasi dan intervensi lebih lanjut.(Ferdiansyah, 2016)Upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit melalui peran keluarga diarahkan pada upaya deteksi dini dan diagnosis penyakit (preventif) guna mengendalikan faktor risiko penyakit; upaya tindakan segera dengan menangani kejadian penyakit, penggerakan masyarakat; upaya proteksi keluarga guna melindungi masyarakat dari risiko terpapar penyakit, upaya promosi kesehatan guna meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan masyarakat sehingga tidak mudah terpapar penyakit.(Tjandra et al., 2018)Food Borne Diseases, Water Borne Diseases, Air Borne Diseases, Vector Borne Diseases serta ancaman potensial dari agent kimia berbahaya. Intervensi melalui Upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit. Beberapa faktor yang memegang peranan penting antar lain adanya faktor penyebab (agent) yakni mikroorganisme penyebab penyakit, adanya sumber penularan (reservoir maupun resources), mekanisme penularan penyakit (mode of2transmission), adanya cara meninggalkan pejamu dan cara masuk ke penjamu lainnya, serta keadaan ketahanan penjamu itu sendiri.Di era ilmu pengetahuan dan perkembangan teknologi, menimbulkan persoalan pencemaran lingkungan. Tanah, air, udara, sedemikian rupa telah tercemar oleh bahan-bahan kimia, pestisida, limbah logam berat, bahan-bahan radiokatif, termasuk konsumsi bahan pengawet makanan dan obat-obatan tertentu. Hal ini menjadi pertanyaan besar, sejauh manakah substansi-substansi ini menimbulkan pengaruh merugikan kesehatan manusia. Karena banyak kekhawatiran berkaitan dengan efek kesehatan jangka panjang, dengan manifestasi bertahun-tahun setelah seseorang mulia berhubungan dengan faktor eksposure.
Adanya perbedaan budaya,agama dan bahasa timbulah rasa saling menghormati, toleransi,dan tercerminnya sila pancasila ke 3
Authors: PUTRI SALVA AYU VIDIAS
Published: November 2021

Bangsa Indonesia ditakdirkan sebagal sebuah bangsa dengan corak masyarakat yang plural (pluralistic society). Pluralltas masyarakat Indonesia ditandal dengan cirl yang berslfat horisontal dan vertlkal. Cirl horisontal terllhat pada kenyataan adanya kesatuan-kesatuan soslal yang, berd.asarkan perbedaanperbedaan suku bangsa, agama, adatserta kedaerahan. Kemajemukan inidisebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, seperti keadaan geografis, dimana wilayah Indonesia yang terbagi menjadi 13.767 pulau merupakan faktor yang sangat besar pengaruhnya kepada terciptanya pluralistik suku bangsa Indonesia. Penerapan nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat sangatlah baik, dan penerapannya bagus, dikarenakan Sila-sila Pancasila sebagai sistem fulsafat pada hakikatnya merupakan suatu kesatuan organik. Antara sila-sila Pancasila itu saling berhubungan, berkaitan, dan mengkualifikasi. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa Pancasila. pada hakikatnya merupakan.suatu sistem, dalam pengertian bagian-bagian atau sila- silanya saling berhubungan seearaerat, sehingga membentuk suatu struktur·yang menyelurub. Kesatuan sila-8ila Pancasila merupakan kesatuan yang memiliki hubungan yang bertingkat dan berbentuk piramidal (kesatuan .yang bersifat hierarkhis dan berbentuk piramidal), dan sebagai konsekuensinya merupakan kesatuanyang saling mengkualifikasi.