bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“A Child Needs Both a Mother and a Father”: The Parenting Constructions of a New Generation of Tertiary-Educated South African Prospective Parents
Authors: Melissa Petersen Jade , Lesch Elmien
Published: January 2022

Quality of parenting plays a critical role in human development and well-being across the lifespan. Concurrently, the quality of parenting is underpinned by the dominant parenting ideas and practices that prevail in a specific socio-cultural context at a specific time. These ideas and practices may, therefore, vary over different social contexts, as well as over time. South Africa has a history of patriarchal family structures characterised by authoritarian parenting practises across its diverse population groups. Since the end of apartheid, however, South African society has been undergoing rapid changes that has impacted parenting structures and ideas. Currently, little is known about how these changes have affected contemporary young South Africans’ parenting constructions, specifically higher socio-economic groups that are more likely to take up contemporary ideas. To address this knowledge gap, this study adopted a feminist social constructionist framework and explored the parenting constructions of a group of tertiary-educated prospective parents. We conducted in-depth interviews with 21 postgraduate university students and used an inductive thematic analysis method to analyse the interview data. The results indicate that the prospective parents in this study adhered to authoritative parenting principles, distanced themselves from traditional gendered parent roles, and aspired to equal parenting roles in their own parenting. However, parallel to these signs of modern parenting ideas is the maintenance of traditional parenting notions such as innate differences between male and female parents, heterosexual parenting units as ideal for children, superiority and primacy of biological children, and associating parenthood with ultimate life fulfilment.
Proposta de um framework para diagnóstico das capacidades dinâmicas para transformação digital
Authors:   , Kowalski Mauro Estefano
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Digital transformation impacts the strategy and organizational structure of companies and presents great opportunities for the creation of business models and ways to deliver value due to the advancement of digital technologies. To operate in the digital economy, companies need to develop dynamic capabilities in order to obtain or sustain competitive advantage in this uncertain and rapidly changing environment. However, companies are faced with dilemmas about which critical capabilities to develop. On the other hand, the maturity models for digital transformation and Industry 4.0, which could establish a virtuous strategic path, largely emphasize technological and operational capabilities, undervaluing the exploration of capabilities that allow the company to undertake initiatives to reconfigure its business. This research aims to propose a framework for companies to design a management strategy for the development of dynamic capabilities for inducing digital maturity. This proposal is built on the basis of a review of the literature on digital transformation, Industry 4.0 and dynamic capabilities. It is intended to consolidate this framework with the application of case studies in companies with ongoing and advanced processes of digital transformation. The proposed academic contributions are: a) mapping of dynamic capabilities, its theoretical foundation and its inclusion in the dimensions of a framework to measure its strength in inducing digital maturity; (b) through analysis and comparative case studies, we consolidated the micro- foundations “Analytical Intelligence for the Customer Experience Journey” and “Managing Digital Analytical Innovation”; the internal barriers “Leadership without digital skills” and “Strategic human resources management for TD”; and the internal enablers “Defined strategy for DT” and “Data-driven culture” that may be relevant for digital maturation not mapped in previous studies; (c) for managerial practice, through the application of the proposed framework, it is possible for companies to design a roadmap for digital transformation according to their strategy.
FORMATION OF DIAGNOSTIC COMPETENCE OF A BIOLOGU TEACHER
Authors: Gorbulinska Svitlana , Bodnar Lidiya , Golub Natalya
Published: January 2022

In the article a place and role of diagnostic competence of teacher of biology are reasonable at modern general school. Due to diagnostics of pedagogical process a teacher finds out not only the changes of the state of substantial descriptions of student, signs of personality, and also individualities of participants of pedagogical co-operation, forecast changes, or rejections of the state of her participants. It is proved that diagnostic competence is the teacher’s ability to determine the level of student development, analyze the facts and establish patterns, reasons that contribute to such changes, the ability to make a prognostic plan for further pedagogical interaction to develop participants in the pedagogical process. Diagnostic control and interaction ensure the effectiveness of the learning process. The teacher has to analyze carefully the information he receives from the student. The feedback helps to determine how effectively the learning process is progressing, what personal qualities are developing in this case, and how well the skills are improving. Methods of educational diagnostics of student activity are as follows: analysis and assessment of knowledge; type and nature of educational products in accordance with the target settings of the teacher (scope and degree of creativity, level of independence, originality, comparison of differences with previous works). Activation of attention of the pedagogical community to diagnostic competence of the teacher nowadays is not casual. Today introduction of fundamentally new pedagogical technologies, principles of construction of the educational process, respectively, and diagnostic competence is becoming the norm for every teacher.
Keywords: diagnosis; assessment; control; testing; competency approach; competencies; feedback; biology; genetics.
PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF A TEACHER: CONCEPT AND CONTENT
Authors: Kolomiiets Natalia
Published: January 2022

The main theoretical approaches to solving the question of the essence and content of the personal and professional development of a teacher are considered in the article. The analysis of scientific researches of domestic and foreign authors concerning the given scientific phenomenon, its structure and specificity is carried out. The content of the concepts “development”, “personality development”, “teacher personality development” is analyzed.The content of the concept of “personal and professional development of a teacher” is also substantiated, whereby the author understands the conscious process of qualitative personality changes aimed at achieving a high level of personal self-development and professional self-realization in teaching. According to the author’s opinion, the term “personal and professional development of the teacher” reflects the diversity and interconnectedness of scientific and pedagogical activities and personal characteristics of the teacher – i.e. reflects the activities and personal aspects.Emphasis is placed on the personal potential of the teacher, which allows you to transfer it from the position of the object to the position of the subject of their own professional development. The author notes that personal and professional development requires from the teacher a thorough mastery not only of academic knowledge but also personal strengths and characteristics that help him to define and comprehend his pedagogical practice and himself as an individual. This is done by developing the necessary life skills which help the teacher grow in his profession and beyond. In addition, the author emphasizes that such development depends not only on formal education but can also be initiated by the teacher himself (non-formal, informal education). In this case, according to the author, the necessary solution is to find an effective trajectory of professional development that meets their own needs and preferences.It is determined that the comprehensive personal and professional development of a teacher occurs when such aspects of development as personal, professional and social are involved. The last aspect of development, explained by the author, is the social nature of the pedagogical activity.
Keywords: personality development; teacher personality development; professional development; personal and professional development of a teacher; personal potential; acmeological approach; personal self-development; professional self-realization.
THE USE OF BLENDED LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF MATHEMATICS
Authors: Hodovaniuk Tetiana , Makhometa Tetiana , Tiahai Iryna , Mykolaiko Volodymyr
Published: January 2022

The article highlights the peculiarities of the blended learning technology of future teachers of mathematics and ways of its application in the process of professional training of students. Due to the availability of a wide range of learning tools, blended learning forms different learning models that differ in the relationship with three components combined, namely traditional, distance and e-learning. The generalized classification of blended learning models is represented, and also the strategic stages of its implementation into higher educational institutions are offered. Furthermore, some models of blended learning in the process of methodical training of future teachers of mathematics are presented. The authors analyze the structure of online and offline forms of education, trends in the introduction of mixed forms of education. Moreover, the pedagogical expediency of using various computer technologies as an effective means of organizing blended learning is revealed. The peculiarities of the use of online programs and their role at different stages of the lesson in the process of training future mathematics teachers are described and discussed. The article provides examples of the use of tools for simultaneous viewing of educational videos, programs for assessing the level of mastery of educational material, which will be efficient to students in their future professional activities. The authors consider the views of modern experts on the use of information technology in the training of future teachers of mathematics, as well as give their examples of the introduction of blended learning in the educational process; emphasize the role of the teacher as an individual consultant in the process of acquiring knowledge through the use of elements of blended learning. In addition, the authors outline further directions for the development and implementation of blended and e-learning.
Keywords: blended learning; technology; future teachers of mathematics; methodical training of students; online learning; offline learning; flipped learning; software.
HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF EXTRACURRICULAR EDUCATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Maksiutov Andrii
Published: January 2022

The author theoretically substantiates the historical and pedagogical aspects of the formation and development of extracurricular education in Ukraine. The prospects of its development under the conditions of modernizing the education system, preserving the best traditions and creating modern standards of extracurricular education are determined. The author found out that in modern conditions of development of the national system of education, the activity of extracurricular education institutions is an actual means of positive motives formation of educational and cognitive activity of youth.The article sketches out extracurricular work as an organized pedagogical activity, that has a pronounced specificity of influence in comparison with other means of education and certain advantages, which include voluntary participation of young people in extracurricular activities, their differentiation by interests and inclinations, and individual approach.It is clarified and substantiated that the system of extracurricular education performs significant tasks aimed at meeting the needs of children for cognition and creativity; acquisition, deepening and expansion of youth competencies, satisfaction and development of their interests and abilities in free time; formation of worldview and system of value orientations, national-patriotic education; identification, support and development of gifted and talented children; physical, emotional and intellectual development of personality. The perspective problems that will be solved during the implementation of this research and the practical significance of solving this problem for the educational sphere are revealed. The findings confirm that the current scientific problem is not only the disclosure of the content of extracurricular education as a social phenomenon but also the verification of the continuous educational process, where extracurricular educational institutions provide children with broad and unconventional opportunities to improve mental health.
Keywords: scientific problem; pedagogical phenomenon; education and upbringing; quality of education; social conditions; free choice; extracurricular education; content of extracurricular education; extracurricular education institution; student youth.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF SOLVING CURRENT PROBLEMS OF THEORY AND PRACTICE OF HIGHER FORESTRY EDUCATION
Authors: Khryk Vasyl
Published: January 2022

The article summarizes the foreign experience in solving current issues of theory and practice of higher forestry education. Their educational institutions still pay great attention to compiling lists of the most appropriate disciplines for inclusion in the “ideal” educational programs rather than the importance of the educational process itself. The main problems of traditional forestry education and innovative achievements in the European Union in comparison are highlighted. It is proved that forestry education in Morocco has a number of advantages, that are directly related to the centuries-old scientific culture of the country’s forestry, its national and international openness, as well as significant human and technical potential. The author highlights that radical changes in educational systems, as well as in the professional activities of forestry professionals occur in those countries where forest resources are managed, in accordance with the needs of society and the environment. It is expected that the development of research and educational programs in the Free Economic Zone will be carried out faster than planned, as universities are catalysts for both horizontal and vertical interaction between organizations at different levels, thus transforming into innovation incubators. In connection with the above, the directions of forestry education are proposed, which are generalized on the basis of studying foreign experience. It is proved that in Ukraine forestry education is more focused on a broad systematic understanding of worldview and cultural aspects, the acquisition of professional knowledge, while foreign forestry education is focused on practical actions and ethical aspects. We see prospects for further research in studying the problems of training future forestry professionals for professional activities.
Keywords: foreign experience; forestry education; forest use; forestry specialists; forest pedagogy; higher education; education for sustainable development; European Union.
ORGANIZATION OF INDEPENDENT WORK IN THE PROCESS OF STUDYING THE DISCIPLINE “UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE FOR PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES” IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Khlystun Iryna
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the role of distance learning in higher education, identifies its benefits, ways and tools. The essence of the concept of independent work of higher education seekers is revealed; its types, conditions and principles of effective organization of independent work in an institution of higher education are defined. The purpose of the article is to study the possibilities of using independent work in the process of studying the discipline “Ukrainian language for professional purposes” in terms of distance learning. Possibilities of independent work in an institution of higher education in the conditions of distance learning by means of special educational platforms are considered. The prospects of the Moodle educational platform for creating a learning environment (online courses, distance learning, remote access to learning files), which provide a wide range of tools and environments for group and individual learning, are outlined. Competences aimed at developing skills of optimal language behavior in the professional sphere and types of educational independent tasks aimed at their formation are identified. The author emphasises the role of the Internet resources that can be used by students for self-study. Types of independent work of students with educational texts, in particular professional (scientific and business), are described. It is emphasized that properly organized independent work contributes to the formation of speech and communication competencies of higher education students, activates their cognitive interest, encourages them to self-process information obtained from various sources for further use in future professional activities.
Keywords: distance education; distance learning; independent work; Ukrainian language for professional purposes; Moodle platform; Internet resources; language and speech competence; work with text.
Sociodemographic and Clinicopathological Features of Lymphoma Patients in Indonesia: A report from Special Region of Yogyakarta Province
Authors: Anggorowati Nungki , , Indrawati , Dhyanti Amira L , Arkananda Hafidh , Rizki Salsabilla Hasna , Setiawan Syahru Agung , Bagaskoro Miraz Radhea , Hardianti Mardiah Suci
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Lymphoma as a heterogeneous disease has various characteristics not only in the clinical manifestation but also in sociodemographic aspect. Epidemiological data with sociodemographic description in lymphoma is still unexplored. Objective: This study aimed to provide updated and detailed description of lymphoma with emphasis on patient characteristics, sociodemographic data and hematologic findings. Materials and Methods: This was an observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The data were from the medical records in Dr. Sardjito Hospital, a national referral hospital in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province Indonesia from 2012 to 2018. All lymphoma patients > 18 years were included. Patients’ characteristics, socio-demographic indicators, tumor characteristic and hematological finding were recorded. The difference of socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics between Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) was analyzed with Chi-Square, Fisher-Exact, and Mann-Whitney test (P <0.05 was statistically significant). Results: There were 675 cases. Male predominated, mean age at diagnosis was 54.1 for NHL and 42.3 for HL. There was significant difference in the mean of age (p=0.000), occupation (P=0.035) and educational level (P=0.020) between NHL and HL patients. B cell NHL was found to be the most common type of lymphoma, with DLBCL being the most common histopathological type. Hematological findings were found to be within the normal range. Conclusion: There are significant difference in the mean of age, occupation and education level between NHL and HL patients. Further study to explain the scientific reasons of the difference are required.
La concertation sociale au temps du coronavirus
Authors: Ajzen Michel , Taskin Laurent
Published: January 2022

Dès le début de la crise sanitaire provoquée par le coronavirus, des décisions touchant au travail et à l’emploi – objets traditionnels de la concertation sociale – ont été prises par les autorités politiques. Dans cet article, les auteurs interrogent la place et le rôle des acteurs paritaires (patronat et syndicat) de la concertation sociale en Belgique dans les décisions menant au confinement puis au déconfinement. En se basant sur des entretiens menés auprès de décideurs et acteurs du dialogue social, à différents niveaux (politique, interbranche, branche, entreprise), ils montrent comment et à quelles conditions le dialogue fut éludé puis rétabli à travers une lecture chronologique des faits (l’annonce du confinement, son organisation et son suivi, la préparation du déconfinement). Ils identifient ensuite les possibles traces que cet épisode pourrait laisser sur la dynamique de la concertation sociale, sous la forme de trois scénarios qu’ils discutent.
Diagnostic triage in patients with central lumbar spinal stenosis using a deep learning system of radiographs
Authors: Kim Tackeun , Kim Young-Gon , Park Seyeon , Lee Jae-Koo , Lee Chang-Hyun , Hyun Seung-Jae , Kim Chi Heon , Kim Ki-Jeong , Chung Chun Kee
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold-standard tool for diagnosing lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), but it is difficult to promptly examine all suspected cases with MRI considering the modality’s high cost and limited accessibility. Although radiography is an efficient screening technique owing to its low cost, rapid operability, and wide availability, its diagnostic accuracy is relatively poor. In this study, the authors aimed to develop a deep learning model with a convolutional neural network (CNN) for diagnosing severe central LSS using radiography and to evaluate radiological diagnostic features using gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM).

METHODS

Patients who had undergone both spinal MRI and radiography in the period from May 1, 2005, to December 31, 2017, were screened. According to the formal MRI report, participants were consecutively included in the severe central LSS or healthy control group, and radiographs for both groups were collected. A CNN-based transfer learning algorithm was developed to classify radiographic findings as LSS or normal (binary classification). The proposed models were evaluated using six performance metrics: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values.

RESULTS

The VGG19 model achieved the highest accuracy with an AUROC of 90.0% (95% CI 89.8%–90.3%) by training 12,442 images. Accuracy was 82.8% (95% CI 82.5%–83.1%) by averaging 5-fold models. Feature points on Grad-CAM were reasonable, and the features could be categorized into reduced disc height, narrow foramina, short pedicle, and hyperdense facet joint. The AUROC in the extra validation was 89.3% (95% CI 88.7%–90.0%). Accuracy was 81.8% (95% CI 80.6%–83.0%) by averaging 5-fold models. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a combination of demographic factors (age and sex) did not improve the model performance.

CONCLUSIONS

The algorithm trained by a CNN to identify central LSS on radiographs showed high diagnostic accuracy and is expected to be useful as a triage tool. The algorithm could accurately localize the stenotic lesion to assist physicians in the identification of LSS.
Parietal bone thickness for predicting operative transfusion and blood loss in patients undergoing spring-mediated cranioplasty for nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis
Authors: Villavisanis Dillan F. , Cho Daniel Y. , Shakir Sameer , Kalmar Christopher L. , Wagner Connor S. , Cheung Liana , Blum Jessica D. , Lang Shih-Shan , Heuer Gregory G. , Madsen Peter J. , Bartlett Scott P. , Swanson Jordan W. , Taylor Jesse A. , Tucker Alexander M.
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

Variables that can predict outcomes in patients with craniosynostosis, including bone thickness, are important for surgical decision-making, yet are incompletely understood. Recent studies have demonstrated relative risks and benefits of surgical techniques for correcting head shape in patients with nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationships between parietal bone thickness and perioperative outcomes in patients who underwent spring-mediated cranioplasty (SMC) for nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis.

METHODS

Patients who underwent craniectomy and SMC for nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis at a quaternary pediatric hospital between 2011 and 2021 were included. Parietal bone thickness was determined on patient preoperative CT at 27 suture-related points: at the suture line and at 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, and 2.0 cm from the suture at the anterior parietal, midparietal, and posterior parietal bones. Preoperative skull thickness was compared with intraoperative blood loss, need for intraoperative transfusion, and hospital length of stay (LOS).

RESULTS

Overall, 124 patients with a mean age at surgery ± SD of 3.59 ± 0.87 months and mean parietal bone thickness of 1.83 ± 0.38 mm were included in this study. Estimated blood loss (EBL) and EBL per kilogram were associated with parietal bone thickness 0.5 cm (ρ = 0.376, p < 0.001 and ρ = 0.331, p = 0.004; respectively) and 1.0 cm (ρ = 0.324, p = 0.007 and ρ = 0.245, p = 0.033; respectively) from the suture line. Patients with a thicker parietal bone 0.5 cm (OR 18.08, p = 0.007), 1.0 cm (OR 7.16, p = 0.031), and 1.5 cm (OR 7.24, p = 0.046) from the suture line were significantly more likely to have undergone transfusion when controlling for age, sex, and race. Additionally, parietal bone thickness was associated with hospital LOS (β 0.575, p = 0.019) when controlling for age, sex, and race. Patient age at the time of surgery was not independently associated with these perioperative outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

Parietal bone thickness, but not age at the time of surgery, may predict perioperative outcomes including transfusion, EBL, and LOS. The need for transfusion and EBL were most significant for parietal bone thickness 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm from the suture line, within the anticipated area of suturectomy. For patients undergoing craniofacial surgery, parietal bone thickness may have important implications for anticipating the need for intraoperative transfusion and hospital LOS.
Paragenetic associations of ore elements in carbonaceous rocks in Conjunction Zone of Donbass and Azov block of Ukrainian Shield
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Alyokhin V.I. , Repina K.V. ,   Donetsk National Technical University
Published: January 2022

Приведены результаты статистической обработки данных полуколичест-венного спектрального анализа материала проб известняка и доломита Стыльского карьера. Установлена повышенная вариативность содержания рудных элементов в связи со вторичными (тектоническими, гидротермаль-ными, метасоматическими) преобразованиями карбонатных пород. Выявлены тесные корреляционные связи между всеми рудными элементами за исключе-нием золота. В зонах выщелачивания возрастает количество ассоциаций руд-ных элементов, образованных на основе подобия их геохимических свойств. По-казано, что повышение проницаемости массивов карбонатных пород способс-твовало проявлению в них вторичных минерализаций – кальцитизации, оквар-цевания, сульфидизации, флюоритизации. Сделан вывод, что рудопроявления Зоны сочленения Донбасса и Приазовского блока Украинского щита можно от-нести к образованиям гидротермальной аргиллизитовой формации; их генезис определялся наличием зон разупрочнения массива карбонатных пород.
Sergio Rotasperti, Metaphors in Proverbs . Decoding the Language of Metaphor in the Book of Proverbs (Supplements to Vetus Testamentum 188; Leiden – Boston, MA: Brill 2021). Pp. XVIII+227. €109.00. ISBN 978-90-04-46410-0 (Hardback), 978-90-04-46605-0 (E-Book)
Authors: Targoński Mateusz Jan
Published: January 2022

Book Review: Sergio Rotasperti, Metaphors in Proverbs. Decoding the Language of Metaphor in the Book of Proverbs (Supplements to Vetus Testamentum 188; Leiden – Boston: Brill 2021).
Zur Bestimmung „notwendiger Ausgaben“ kommunaler Körperschaften
Authors: Büttner Thiess , Enß Petra , Schwager Robert
Published: January 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht, ob eine Quantifizierung notwendiger Ausgaben kommunaler Körperschaften in ökonomisch fundierter Weise geleistet werden kann. Nachdem gezeigt wird, dass die tatsächlichen Ausgaben von Gemeinden oftmals stark variieren, wird erörtert, wodurch diese Unterschiede erklärt werden können, und ob die Berücksichtigung solcher Erklärungsgründe bei der Bemessung der notwendigen Ausgaben helfen kann. Folgende mögliche Determinanten kommunaler Ausgaben werden identifiziert: (i) unterschiedliche Leistungsniveaus, (ii) Unterschiede in der Effizienz der Leistungserstellung, und (iii) örtliche Gegebenheiten, die zu unterschiedlichen Kosten bei der Leistungserstellung führen können. Während Ineffizienzen nicht direkt beobachtbar sind, ist die Identifikation von Kostenfaktoren aufgrund örtlicher Gegebenheiten mit einigem Aufwand zumindest teilweise zu leisten. Das zentrale Problem ist aber die Bestimmung des Leistungsniveaus einer Kommune. Da die Wertschätzung für öffentliche Güter nicht ermittelt werden kann, ist eine adäquate Quantifizierung des Leistungsniveaus nicht möglich. Der Beitrag kommt deshalb zu dem Schluss, dass “notwendige Ausgaben” kommunaler Körperschaften nicht quantifiziert werden können.
„Forschen mit Gespür für politische Umsetzung“ – Position, interne Strukturierung und Nomos der Ressortforschung
Authors: Barlösius Eva
Published: January 2022

Die Ressortforschungseinrichtungen zählen zu einer Gruppe von wissenschaftlichen Instituten, die zu zwei sozialen Felder gehört: Sie sind sowohl Teil des wissenschaftlichen wie auch des politisch-administrativen Feldes. Obwohl es sich bei ihnen zumeist um sehr große und machtvolle Institute handelt – einige von ihnen haben hoheitliche Aufgaben zu erfüllen –, gibt es nur sehr wenige wissenschaftssoziologische Studien über sie. Der Aufsatz beginnt mit einer strukturellen Analyse der Position und der internen Strukturierung der Ressortforschungseinrichtungen. Ihre Position wird wesentlich durch zwei formal garantierte Zugriffssicherungen bestimmt: rechtliche Regelungen und durch das Verfahren, nach dem die Forschungsagenda aufgestellt wird. Die interne Strukturierung informiert darüber, ob und inwieweit die Ressortforschungseinrichtungen für sich das Recht beanspruchen können, die Instanzen der internen Kontrolle und der Selbstausrichtung selbst zu bestimmen. An die strukturelle Analyse schließt sich eine relationale Analyse von drei Sichtweisen (ministerielle Sicht, die Sicht der Ressortforschung und die Sicht des wissenschaftlichen Feldes) darüber an, was „gute Leistungen“ der Ressortforschung sind. Diese Analyse ermöglicht es, zu untersuchen, ob die Ressortforschung einen eigenen Nomos ausgebildet hat, von dem sich ihre Eigenarten herleiten.
Advances in Thymidine Kinase 2 Deficiency: Clinical Aspects, Translational Progress, and Emerging Therapies
Authors: Berardo Andres , Domínguez-González Cristina , Engelstad Kristin , Hirano Michio
Published: January 2022

Defects in the replication, maintenance, and repair of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) constitute a growing and genetically heterogeneous group of mitochondrial disorders. Multiple genes participate in these processes, including thymidine kinase 2 (TK2) encoding the mitochondrial matrix protein TK2, a critical component of the mitochondrial nucleotide salvage pathway. TK2 deficiency (TK2d) causes mtDNA depletion, multiple deletions, or both, which manifest predominantly as mitochondrial myopathy. A wide clinical spectrum phenotype includes a severe, rapidly progressive, early onset form (median survival: < 2 years); a less severe childhood-onset form; and a late-onset form with a variably slower rate of progression. Clinical presentation typically includes progressive weakness of limb, neck, facial, oropharyngeal, and respiratory muscle, whereas limb myopathy with ptosis, ophthalmoparesis, and respiratory involvement is more common in the late-onset form. Deoxynucleoside monophosphates and deoxynucleosides that can bypass the TK2 enzyme defect have been assessed in a mouse model, as well as under open-label compassionate use (expanded access) in TK2d patients, indicating clinical efficacy with a favorable side-effect profile. This treatment is currently undergoing testing in clinical trials intended to support approval in the US and European Union (EU). In the early expanded access program, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) appears to be a useful biomarker that correlates with therapeutic response. With the advent of a specific treatment and given the high morbidity and mortality associated with TK2d, clinicians need to know how to recognize and diagnose this disorder. Here, we summarize translational research about this rare condition emphasizing clinical aspects.
Facilitadores y obstáculos de una experiencia de descentralización “de arriba hacia abajo”: El caso del Comité de desarrollo productivo de la región del Biobío, Chile
Authors: Rodríguez Avilés Guido , Díaz López Guillermo , Marín Ricke Andrés
Published: January 2022

Este artículo estudia la experiencia de instalación y funcionamiento del plan piloto del Comité de Desarrollo Productivo Regional (CDPR) en la Región del Biobío. Su objetivo principal es identificar los facilitadores y obstáculos de la puesta en marcha de un diseño institucional para la descentralización. La metodología se basó en entrevistas a actores claves. Los resultados sugieren que el funcionamiento del CDPR generó un problema de legitimidad entre los encargados de aplicar las reformas. Se advierte la necesidad de reforzar la coordinación multinivel, como un factor fundamental para abordar el diseño de políticas públicas de descentralización. En el nivel subnacional, se aprecia una alta valoración del enfoque “bottom-up”, que no está suficientemente acompañada de visiones que aborden sus beneficios y riesgos. Los hallazgos entregan pistas importantes sobre elementos para cautelar durante la implementación de instituciones para la descentralización territorial en Chile y otros países.
Antes y después del estallido: Democracia, liderazgos y mecanismos de participación ciudadana en tres ciudades de Chile
Authors: Bonivento José
Published: January 2022

El artículo analiza la relación entre el liderazgo político de las autoridades locales y la implementación de mecanismos de participación ciudadana. Para ello, se realiza un estudio cualitativo en tres ciudades en Chile, en las que se observa su implementación antes y después del estallido social del 2019. Los resultados señalan que liderazgos con visiones participativas de la democracia local son determinantes para la incidencia en la toma de decisiones de estos mecanismos, mientras que liderazgos con visiones más representativas apoyan el cumplimiento formal, sin que esto influya en un mayor involucramiento ciudadano. A su vez, en momentos de alta movilización social, los liderazgos participativos contaron con mayores y mejores herramientas para enfrentar el estallido y generar diálogo social.
Reporte de la situación del crédito en Colombia - Diciembre de 2021
Authors:   Departamento de Estabilidad Financiera
Published: January 2022

Este reporte presenta los resultados de la Encuesta trimestral sobre la situación del crédito en Colombia, en la que participan los intermediarios financieros que realizan operaciones de crédito, como bancos, compañías de financiamiento (CFC) y cooperativas financieras (cooperativas). El objetivo de este informe es analizar la percepción que tienen las entidades sobre la oferta, la demanda y el acceso al crédito, los cambios en las políticas de asignación en el corto plazo y las expectativas que tienen los intermediarios financieros para el próximo trimestre. Además de presentar el comportamiento de las modificaciones y reestructuraciones de los créditos. El presente documento está compuesto por cinco secciones. La primera analiza el panorama general de la situación del crédito, centrándose en las percepciones que tienen los EC con respecto a su demanda y oferta. La segunda se enfoca en la situación sectorial. En la tercera sección se analizan en detalle los cambios en las políticas de asignación de nuevos créditos. La cuarta presenta los principales resultados sobre modificaciones y reestructuración de préstamos. Finalmente, en la quinta sección se incluyen algunos comentarios generales que resumen la situación actual del crédito en Colombia.
Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pola Pemberian ASI (Air Susu Ibu) Pada Ibu Menyusui Yang Bekerja
Authors: Azim Nur Annisaa Al , Puspita Ilit , Fauzia Nila Alfa
Published: January 2022

Air Susu Ibu (ASI) adalah cairan khusus yang keluar langsung dari payudara seorang ibu untuk bayi. ASI mengandung semua zat gizi dan cairan yang dibutuhkan bayi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi di 6 bulan pertamanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi pola pemberian ASI pada ibu menyusui yang bekerja di Wilayah Puskesmas Sungai Lilin tahun 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian survey analitik dengan menggunakan purposive sampling dengan menggunakan rumus sampling yakni Rumus Slovin. Sampel yang diteliti adalah kriteria inklusi yaitu ibu menyusui yang bekerja di Wilayah Puskesmas Sungai Lilin dan kriteria ekslusi yaitu ibu menyusui yang tidak bekerja. Hasil penelitian dari 33 responden didapatkan sebagian ibu yang memberikan pola pemberian ASI sebanyak pola pemberian ASI yang baik sebanyak 9 orang (27,3%), kepercayaan diri baik sebanyak 19 orang (57,6%), pengetahuan baik sebanyak 31 orang (93,9%), dan tempat kerja baik sebanyak 13 orang (39,4%). Hasilnya bahwa ada hubungan bermakna antara pola pemberian ASI dengan kepercayaan diri dan ada hubungan bermakna antara pola pemberian ASI dengan tempat kerja dengan p-value kurang dari 0,05 dan tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara pola pemberian ASI dengan pengetahuan ibu dengan hasil p-value lebih besar dari 0,05. Adapun saran yang diberikan pada tenaga kesehatan untuk memberikan pendidikan kesehatan secara kontinyu mengenai masalah faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi pola pemberian ASI (Air Susu Ibu) pada ibu menyusui yang bekerja dengan metode-metode yang mudah dimengerti sehingga informasi dapat diterima dengan jelas dan dapat dipahami.
The purpose, tasks and functions of the National Police of Ukraine staffing
Authors: Harbuziuk K. H.
Published: January 2022

Based on the analysis of scientific views and current legislation, it was found that the purpose of staffing the National Police of Ukraine is to form a staff of qualified professionals capable of performing police tasks properly within certain job functions and in accordance with the specific needs of this central executive body. It is emphasized that the goal of staffing is achieved through solving a certain range of tasks.

It is proved that the task, in the context of this issue, is most appropriate to understand as certain predetermined results of the activities of the authorized personnel of the police, the solution of which should lead to the achievement of a common goal. It is substantiated that the direction of the above tasks is most appropriate to divide into the following: a) prognostic and planned (study of the demand of the National Police for certain specialists, planning ways to meet it); b) recruitment and training (involvement of persons who have the ability and desire to work in the National Police, providing their training); c) accompanying tasks (providing conditions for maintaining and improving the quality of professional activity of employees); d) social security (proper provision of social guarantees for employees of the National Police); e) organizational, covering the tasks of proper documentation of enrollment in the National Police, training and postgraduate education and completion of employment in the National Police.

It is argued that the tasks are inextricably linked to the staffing functions of the National Police of Ukraine. The analysis of scientific views of scientists allowed to state that the latter should be understood as the main activities of authorized entities, including identifying the needs of the National Police in certain qualified personnel, involving people in the National Police, competitive selection of candidates for service in the National Police bodies, organization of training, support of professional skills of employees of the National Police of Ukraine by directing them to the necessary types of postgraduate education, as well as the organization of career growth based on quality assessment of employees of the National Police of Ukraine, social protection, educational activities that include the application of disciplinary measures of encouragement and punishment, dismissal from the police service and socio-economic support of persons dismissed from the National Police, in accordance with the requirements of current legislation.
The concept of "void contract" in public procurement
Authors: Zaitsev O. L. , Shyshka O. R.
Published: January 2022

The way of origin and consolidation in the public procurement procedure of the institute of a void contract, which was first formulated as "the result of invalid bidding", is analyzed.

The scientific developments devoted to the issues of voidence of transactions and scientific research in the field of public procurement in Ukraine are summarized.

The author's definition of the procurement contract is given: it is an agreement between the Customer and the Participant (more parties), aimed at establishing, transferring or terminating property rights and obligations, which is concluded as a result of the procurement procedure and provides for ownership of property services or works.

The grounds for declaring the procurement contract null and void are listed, namely: concluding a procurement contract before or without the procurement procedure, concluding a procurement contract that differs from the content of the tender offer / offer based on the results of the electronic auction; concluding an agreement during the period of appealing the procurement procedure to the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine; concluding a contract in violation of the terms.

The main conceptual differences between a void contract in public procurement and the civil law doctrine of a void transaction are established and characterized. The main difference from void transactions is that the parties and third parties do not have to obtain a court decision to apply the consequences of declaring a transaction invalid, but in cases established by the Civil Code of Ukraine, a void transaction may be recognized by a court as valid.

The notion of "void contract" in public procurement is critically analyzed through the prism of understanding and essential conditions of general civilization of invalid contract, as it is not possible to recognize such a contract valid in court.

The definition of a void contract in public procurement as one that violates public order, is concluded in violation of the procedure provided by law, and makes it impossible to recognize it valid in court.
Topical issues of stimulating the work of civil servants
Authors: Ivanov A. O.
Published: January 2022

Emphasis is placed on the fact that one of the topical and urgent issues of reforming the system of public administration in Ukraine in general and the institution of civil service in particular is to improve the mechanism of stimulating the work of civil servants. It is noted that the approach chosen by the official authorities to improve the effectiveness of incentives for civil servants is limited mainly to the revision of approaches to their remuneration. At the same time, such important elements of the mechanism of stimulating employment, such as guaranteed career growth, protection from administrative pressure and illegal disciplinary action, guaranteed application of incentives and rational organization of the work process, do not receive due attention and development. It is emphasized that one of the problems of improving the incentives for civil servants is the lack of a clear understanding of the nature and objectives of incentives, its relationship with such phenomena as motivation and encouragement of employees.

Scientific views on the understanding of the essence and content of work incentives, as well as its relationship with such related phenomena as motivation and encouragement are considered. Attention is paid to the conceptual and legislative principles of stimulating the work of civil servants. The problematic aspects of the legislative regulation of stimulating the work of civil servants are identified, as well as the important conditions, the implementation of which is necessary to ensure effective stimulation of the work of civil servants, are outlined. Attention is paid to the role of professional growth and guaranteed career advancement as important elements of stimulating employment. It is emphasized that the requirements of legality and professional ethics cannot be violated for reasons of ensuring high efficiency and effectiveness of civil servants. Particular attention is paid to strengthening legislative guarantees for incentives for civil servants who have made a significant personal contribution to the activities of the state bodies where they work, to reforming and developing the public administration system in general and the civil service in particular.
Self-regulation as a context of critical thinking in cyberpolice officers
Authors: Medvedieva О. V.
Published: January 2022

The results of a study of self-regulation in the context of critical thinking in cyberpolice are presented. It is theoretically proven that self-regulation is one of the central components of critical thinking, and the interaction of these phenomena enhances the effectiveness of each of them. It is noted that the developed critical thinking and self-regulation acquire special significance in the professional activity of the police.

The following methodological tools were used: test of critical thinking, methods of self-management research, methods of diagnostics of regulation focus. The sample: the first group consisted of 47 cyber police officers, the second - 51 civilian IT specialists. It has been empirically found that cyber police officers are more action-oriented in anticipation of success in difficult situations involving overcoming strong pressure; they are characterized by a better ability to maintain a positive emotional mood and not lose motivation in routine activities, and can better concentrate on the process of activity and ignore external and internal stimuli that interfere with the tasks. Cyberpolice officers show a greater focus on action, hoping for success in dealing with situations of strong external pressure, greater ability to maintain the optimal functioning of all parts of self-regulation in extreme conditions, overcome anxiety and remain focused in stressful situations. These subjects are more successful in integrating contradictions, which allows them to realistically evaluate various contradictory information and perceive contradictory experiences as a sign of real existence, to critically connect it with their own values and meanings. Representatives of this group are more characterized by the focus of prevention in self-regulation, which cyber police consider the best way to achieve the goal, which necessitates awareness, criticality and vigilance in decision-making, systematic evaluation, verification and prevention of errors, which are subjectively significant conditions . Actualization of the focus of prevention in the system of self-regulation of cyberprofessional workers causes a positive emotional coloration of the results of actions in the absence of negative results, and in case of negative consequences becomes a source of negative affective feelings, which initiates vigilance to neutralize probable losses. It is noted that the deployment of further research in the chosen direction will not only enrich the theoretical understanding of the problem, but also provide an opportunity to use the obtained empirical data in the applied psychology of policing.