bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Grounded Theory Method: Deconstruction and Reconstruction in a Human Patient Simulation Context
Authors: Parker Brian , Myrick Florence
Published: January 2017

Certain modes of qualitative inquiry, such as grounded theory, can serve to uncover the abstract processes and broad conceptual themes influencing the personal experiences of undergraduate nursing students encountering clinical scenarios utilizing human patient simulators (HPS). To date insufficient research has been conducted to uncover the basic social-psychological processes encountered by students as they engage in a HPS-based clinical scenario. The authors assert that HPS-based learning experiences are in reality social endeavors that lead to the creation of socially negotiated knowledge and meanings relevant to the adult learner. To understand how grounded theory is suited to deriving answers to these questions, an analysis of the theoretical and philosophical foundations of grounded theory is undertaken. This critical analysis concludes with a discussion of specific considerations to be reflected upon by researchers when applying the inductively derived method of grounded theory in uncovering the social processes that occur within HPS-based clinical scenarios.
Conflict in community pharmacy practice
Authors: Gregory Paul A. M. , Austin Zubin
Published: January 2017

Background:

Intraprofessional conflict among pharmacists, regulated technicians and assistants may undermine attempts to advance patient care in community pharmacy. There is no available research examining this issue in light of the evolution of the profession and roles within the profession.

Methods:

A combination of interviews and focus groups involving pharmacists, technicians and assistants was undertaken. Each participant completed the Conflict Management Scale as a way of identifying conflict management style. Data were analyzed and coded using a constant-comparative, iterative method.

Results:

A total of 41 pharmacy team members participated in this research (14 pharmacists, 14 technicians and 13 assistants). Four key themes were identified that related to conflict within community pharmacy: role misunderstanding, threats to self-identity, differences in conflict management style and workplace demotivation.

Interpretation:

As exploratory research, this study highlighted the need for greater role clarity and additional conflict management skills training as supports for the pharmacy team. The impact of conflict in the workplace was described by participants as significant, adverse and multifactorial.

Conclusions:

To support practice change, there has been major evolution of roles and responsibilities of pharmacists, technicians and assistants. Conflict among pharmacy team members has the potential to adversely affect the quality of care provided to patients and is an issue for managers, owners, regulators and educators.
Dynamic optimum design of a 3U

P

S-

P

RU parallel robot
Authors: Zhao Yongjie
Published: January 2017

This article deals with the methodology of the dynamic optimum design of the one translational and three rotational degrees of freedom parallel robots while considering the rigid-body dynamic property. The dynamic optimum design of the 3UPS-PRU (underlined P denotes an active prismatic joint driven by a servomotor) parallel robot is presented while considering the constraints on the installation dimension, joint rotation angle, and the interference. The maximum driving torque and the maximum driving power of the actuating joints are taken as the objective functions in the dynamic optimum design, respectively. The physical meanings of the objective functions are the maximum driving torque and the maximum driving power of the actuating joints when the moving platform translates along the z-axis in the maximum linear acceleration amax, rotates about an arbitrary axis in the maximum angular acceleration αmax, translates along the z-axis in the maximum linear velocity vmax, and rotates about an arbitrary axis in the maximum angular velocity ωmax at the same time. The object of the dynamic optimum design is to minimize the maximum driving torque or the maximum driving power by employing worst case criterion. In the predefined design task, the results of the dynamic optimum design of the 3UPS-PRU parallel robot are the same when taking the maximum driving torque and the maximum driving power as the objective functions. The phenomenon can be verified by the fact that the distributions of the maximum driving torque and the maximum driving power are very similar to each other. The robot dimension has also been taken into account in the dynamic optimum design of the 3UPS-PRU parallel robot due to the consideration of the building cost and the miniaturization. The example of the dynamic optimum design of the 3UPS-PRU parallel robot is presented in the simulation. The conclusions are provided at the end of the article.
Psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the PedsQL Family Impact Scale
Authors: Al-Gamal Ekhlas , Long Tony
Published: January 2017

Treatment of childhood cancer and its side effects can exert a negative impact on patients’ parents. A valid and reliable instrument to measure family functioning in Arabic families was considered to be a vital resource. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Family Impact Scale and the PedsQL Healthcare Satisfaction Hematology/Oncology Scale – Parent Report were completed by 113 Jordanian parents of children with cancer. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was found to be excellent at 0.93 for the total PedsQL Family Impact Scale, which correlated significantly with the PedsQL Healthcare Satisfaction Hematology/Oncology Scale – Parent Report demonstrating good construct validity. The Arabic version of the PedsQL Family Impact Scale is both valid and reliable for use with parents of children with cancer.
An overview of mixed methods research – revisited
Authors: Doyle Louise , Brady Anne-Marie , Byrne Gobnait
Published: January 2017

Mixed methods have become increasingly popular in health-related research, allowing a broader and deeper understanding of complex human phenomena. This growth in popularity has increased the range of usage and complexity in design approaches, producing greater need for understanding of logistical and practical application in this field. This paper aims to provide an overview of mixed methods research and orientate readers to the critical issues that arise for researchers. It provides an introduction to mixed methods design and the rationale and philosophical underpinnings for this methodological approach. It navigates the reader through some real world or ‘hot’ topics within mixed methods, including data analysis, integration and quality appraisal criteria.
An update on the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Authors: El Tokhy Omar , Kopeika Julia , El-Toukhy Tarek
Published: January 2017

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a potentially life-threatening, but preventable iatrogenic complication of in vitro fertilisation treatment. In recent years, new strategies have been developed to minimise the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after in vitro fertilisation, including better at-risk patient identification prior to starting treatment, the use of a lower human chorionic gonadotrophin dose or alternative medication instead of human chorionic gonadotrophin to induce final oocyte maturation such as gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist and kisspeptin in antagonist cycles, cryopreservation of all embryos and delayed embryo transfer, and the use of oral dopamine agonists after oocyte retrieval. In this article, the advantages and limitations of those new developments are discussed and future directions towards establishment of an ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome–free in vitro fertilisation clinic are explored.
Grangerising Theatre’s Histories: Spectatorship, the Theatrical Tinsel Picture and the Grangerised Book
Authors: Hindson Catherine
Published: January 2017

Tinselling and Grangerising were popular nineteenth-century hobbies. Both involved adding decoration to existing objects: tinsellers added coloured foils, fabrics and textured metal pieces to black and white or coloured prints, while grangerisers added illustrations and other information to printed books. The stage and popular theatrical personalities proved popular subjects for both. In this essay, I argue that understanding of the processes involved in tinselling and grangerising can aid a fuller understanding of the dynamics, practices and reception of the theatre of the time.
Serious violent or sexual offenders travelling across European Union Borders: Ideological and ethical challenges of information exchange
Authors: Hilder Sarah , Kemshall Hazel
Published: January 2017

The relative ease of international travel, coupled with open borders across much of the European Union provides capacity for some serious violent or sexual offenders to utilise these advancements to increase their opportunities to offend. In 2013, an EU-funded project reviewed existing information exchange systems and the challenges of collaborative working across EU Member States to manage such offenders. This article reviews key issues arising from that research, and a range of ideological, ethical and legal differences and constraints that impact upon the choices and actions of law enforcement and probation personnel.
Improvement in Quality of Sales Tax Assessments in West Bengal: A Study
Authors: Kumar Binod , Ghosh Malay
Published: January 2017

The major source of own tax revenue of a State in India is Sales Tax. The Sales Tax administration in the State of West Bengal has undertaken a paradigm shift in last five years. Discretionary assessment of the tax-payers has been replaced by intelligent, objective and risk-based selection method. Replacement of unilateral discretionary demand by adjudication through introduction of draft order has established transparency and equity in the system. Distribution of hearing cases over the periods instead of completing them towards the end of the limitation has increased the quality of assessment. Electronic storage of records and electronic service of notices has increased efficiency of the tax administration. Use of data analytics in assessment and audit has resulted in growth in per cent of collection of assessed demand compared to previous years.

JEL Classification: H21, H71, M48, K34
Book Review: K.S. Subramanian, State, Policy and Conflicts in Northeast India
Authors: Dutta Akhil Ranjan
Published: January 2017

K.S. Subramanian, State, Policy and Conflicts in Northeast India. New Delhi: Routledge. 2016. 213 pages. ₹795.
The community care movement in mental health services: Implications for social work practice
Authors: Yip Kam-shing
Published: January 2017

This article is a critical review about the community care movement in mental health services in the UK and the USA. This movement has important implications for psychiatric social work practice. First, social workers have to enrich the concept of community care with those of normalization and social integration. Second, they have to develop an accepting community for mental patients and outpatients. Finally, they are the most suitable people to integrate formal and informal community care.
Ethnoracial awareness in intercountry adoption: US experiences
Authors: Carstens Carol , Juliá Maria
Published: January 2017

The phenomenon of intercountry adoption is largely one of transracial as well as transcultural placement. In the US, adoption of an ethnically different child by White parents frequently entails an expectation by child welfare workers that the family demonstrate a culturally diverse social milieu. This expectation, which may be satisfied through the family's identification of a cultural consultant, is not as pervasive in the private adoption venue of intercountry adoption. The purpose of this study was to examine the ethnoracial awareness of families in the US that adopt children from Latin American and Asian countries, in relation to the pre-adoption residency requirement.
Engineering Change Propagation System using STEP
Authors: You Chun-Fong , Yeh Shen-Chou
Published: January 2017

Reducing the time for engineering changes can greatly shorten a product's life cycle and improve the productivity of enterprises. This work proposes an approach to engineering change propagation between CAD and product data management (PDM) systems. A system for modeling and triggering changes of models of engineering data, geometries, and features, using STEP AP 214 and AP224, is developed. A change in CAD and PDM systems can propagate along a defined path and trigger a rule by which data of another system are changed. The proposed engineering change propagation (ECP) system provides a flexible, virtually integrated framework to enable engineering change. Affected items and propagation sequences of engineering changes are inferred with the help of an ECP network. Engineering change issued between a STEP-based solid modeling system and a PDM system is implemented and discussed to demonstrate the capability of the ECP system. Change in the feature parameters of a CAD system is propagated and the relevant data, defined in the ECP network, are triggered. Enterprises can use the ECP system to integrate various information systems, such as CAx, PDM, CAPP, ERP, and others, and facilitate collaborative engineering using a virtual framework, to promote competition.
Ideas of Power in the Philippines: Amulets and Sacrifice
Authors: Borchgrevink Axel
Published: January 2017

This article examines beliefs about men of supernatural power on the Philippine island of Bohol. As has been pointed out, these beliefs are quite parallel to what Benedict Anderson has described for Java, especially with regard to the requirements of ascetic practices for accumulating and retaining the supernatural powers. Particular for the Philippine case, however, is the way that this asceticism is understood through a notion of 'sacrifice', explicitly linked to Christian imagery and with strong moral overtones. This moral emphasis may be linked to another dimension where the Philippine material diverges from what Anderson describes, namely the question of legitimacy. In the Philippines, issues of legitimacy are more complex, and this means that political and supernatural forms of power while related must not be conflated.
Performing 'Dis-respectability': New Tastes, Cultural Practices, and Identity Performances by Sri Lanka's Free Trade Zone Garment-Factory Workers
Authors: Hewamanne Sandya
Published: January 2017

This article describes and analyzes how female garment-factory workers in Sri Lanka's Free Trade Zones collectively express their difference from dominant classes and males and articulate their identities as a gendered group of migrant industrial workers by cultivating different tastes and by engaging in oppositional cultural practices. In the urban, modernized, and globalized areas of the FTZs, women develop unique tastes in the realms of music, dance, film, reading material, styles of dress, speech, and mannerisms. By performing subcultural styles that are subversive critiques of dominant values in public spaces, they pose a conscious challenge to the continued economic, social, and cultural domination they endure. But while workers' participation in a stigmatized culture is explicitly transgressive and critical at some levels, their demonstrated acquiescence to different hegemonic influences marks the inseparability of resistance and accommodation.
Generalizability and Clinical Utility of a Practice-Based Infant Pain Assessment Instrument
Authors: Fuller Barbara F. , Neu Madalynn
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical usefulness and generalizability of an infant pain assessment instrument. Earlier work showed that this instrument-an algorithm derived from a model of infant pain assessment-possessed excellent content validity, criterion-like validity, and 3-month stability (test-retest reliability). In this study, generalizability was determined by comparing the percentage agreement between inexperienced pediatric nurses and one author, both using the tool to assess pain of infants in various clinical settings, and by comparing the percentage agreement between one author who used the tool to assess pain and the infant's pediatric nurse caretaker who used his or her clinical expertise, not the tool, to assess pain across various clinical settings. The results show excellent generalizability.
Inclusion of Children in Clinical Research: Lessons Learned From Mothers of Diabetic Children
Authors: Pletsch Pamela K. , Stevens Patricia E.
Published: January 2017

Nine mothers of diabetic children participated in a qualitative study about the factors that influenced them to consent to havand how they evaluated the clinical studies their children had been in. Results suggest that mothers engage in a personal calculus before making a choice to consent.
Social Support and Well-Being in Early Adolescents: The Role of Mediating Variables
Authors: Yarcheski Adela , Mahon Noreen E. , Yarcheski Thomas J.
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perceived social support and general well-being in early adolescents and to test two variables, hopefulness and self-esteem, that theoretically mediate this relationship. The final sample consisted of 142 adolescents, ages 12 to 14, who responded to instruments measuring perceived social support, hopefulness, self-esteem, and general well-being in classroom settings. Correlational analysis supported the five hypothesized relationships. A series of regression analyses described by Baron and Kenny indicated that hopefulness and self-esteem each were mediators of the relationship between social support and well-being. Implications for nursing practice are addressed.
Development Process and Qualitative Evaluation of a Program to Promote the Mental Health of Family Caregivers
Authors: Ducharme Francine , LéVesque Louise , Gendron Marie , Legault Alain
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate, through a participatory approach, an intervention program to promote the mental health of women caregivers in institutions. Focus groups were first organized to explore sources of stress for daughter and spousal caregivers. Workshops in which caregivers developed the content of a group program were then organized. The aims of the program were to increase empowerment and self-efficacy and to decrease stress and psychological distress of caregivers. Experimentation and qualitative evaluation of the program led to 10 weekly meetings covering the following topics: how to feel good with my relative, how to discuss with staff, how to appraise my experience differently, coping with my relative's losses, how to reorganize my life, and how to identify and ask for social support. This study provides a structured program to support family caregivers and a research method empowering families.
I'm Not a "Basabasa" Woman: An Explanatory Model of HIV Illness in Ghanaian Women
Authors: Mill Judy E.
Published: January 2017

Ghana continues to experience an increase in the rate of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with more new infections occurring in women than in men. Prevailing views of health and illness, including indigenous knowledge and traditional beliefs, are an important component of the broad context of disease transmission. Participatory action research was used to explore the explanatory model of HIV illness of 31 seropositive Ghanaian women. Also interviewed were 5 HIV seropositive men, 2 traditional healers, 8 nurses, and 10 professionals, individually and in focus groups, to reflect on the women's comments and the themes emerging from the data. In this article, the women's beliefs about HIV illness will be discussed and their views about the etiology, pathophysiology, symptomology, course of illness, and methods of treatment for their illness will be described. Findings illustrate areas of divergence and convergence between traditional and biomedical explanations of, and treatment for, HIV illness. The necessity for health professionals, particularly nurses, to understand individual and community perceptions about HIV illness is highlighted by the study findings.
The Kim Alliance Scale: Development and Preliminary Testing
Authors: Kim Son Chae , Boren Denise , Solem Sandra L.
Published: January 2017

The development and preliminary testing of the Kim Alliance Scale (KAS) is described. The KAS was developed to measure the quality of the therapeutic alliance from the patient's perspective, including patient empowerment. By triangulating literature findings and qualitative data, a conceptual framework was derived with four dimensions of alliance: collaboration, communication, integration, and empowerment. Using the 48-item KAS, 68 nurses evaluated their alliance (as patients) with their own health care providers. Standard psychometric procedures were used to test for reliability and validity. The KAS was reduced to 30 items having internal consistency reliability coefficient alpha of .94, and split-half alphas of .87 and .91. Initial support was found for convergent and divergent validity. The KAS may be a useful tool for measuring therapeutic alliance, identifying the foci for interventions to improve the alliance, and improving treatment outcomes.
miR-125b promotes MLL-AF9–driven murine acute myeloid leukemia involving a VEGFA-mediated non–cell-intrinsic mechanism
Authors: Liu Jun , Guo Bo , Chen Zhuo , Wang Nayi , Iacovino Michelina , Cheng Jijun , Roden Christine , Pan Wen , Khan Sajid , Chen Suning , Kyba Michael , Fan Rong , Guo Shangqin , Lu Jun
Published: January 2017

Key Points

miR-125b overexpression accelerates MLL-AF9–driven AML and endows partial addiction to its overexpression. A miR-125b-TET2-VEGFA pathway promotes leukemogenesis involving a non–cell-intrinsic mechanism.
Slaves of the Buccaneers: Mayas in Captivity in the Second Half of the Seventeenth Century
Authors: Bialuschewski Arne
Published: January 2017

Multinational groups of buccaneers repeatedly raided settlements all along the coast of Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula. The freebooters not only looted whatever valuables they could find but also abducted and enslaved numerous coastal inhabitants, particularly Mayas. Some captives were taken to the raiders’ base on the small island of Tortuga, others were brought to the Laguna de Términos and from there to colonial slave markets, and some had to accompany the marauders on their voyages. Indigenous people who suffered under the colonial regime also languished when they fell into the hands of Spain’s enemies.
Totally, Tenderly, Tragically: BS and BB
Authors: Ross Daniel
Published: January 2017

Bernard Stiegler's account of aesthetics is rooted in André Leroi-Gourhan's concept of exteriorization, Gilbert Simondon's concept of individuation, and Edmund Husserl's concepts of retention and protention. Cinema takes up a singular place in this account, both in terms of its resemblance to the structure of consciousness itself, and in terms of its location at the intersection of the technical and the oneiric. Jean-Luc Godard's Contempt is a film through which it is possible to understand not just that cinema functions as an element in an ideological and consumerist system, as Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer already argued, but pharmacologically (in Plato's sense). The pharmacological character of Contempt can be demonstrated through its manifold recapitulations of cinematic and literary history, including Alberto Moravia's novel, Homer's Odyssey, and quotations from Friedrich Hölderlin, Bertolt Brecht, Hanns Johst, and Dante, among others. If such an analysis shows that our problem today is less the technicization of the image than its industrialization, then the present and future of this problem lies between the conjoined threats of the televisual and the pornographic.
Validation of a semi-automated technique to accurately measure abdominal fat distribution using CT and MRI for clinical risk stratification
Authors: Waduud Mohammed A , Sharaf Amal , Roy Iain , Lopez-Gonzalez Rosario , Hart Andrew , McGill David , Roditi Giles , Biddlestone John
Published: January 2017

Objective:

A valid method for accurate quantification of abdominal fat distribution (AFD) using both CT and MRI is described. This method will be primarily useful in the prospective risk stratification of patients undergoing reconstructive breast surgery. Secondary applications in many other clinical specialities are foreseen.

Methods:

15 sequential patients who had undergone breast reconstruction following both CT and MRI (30 scans) were retrospectively identified at our single centre. The AFD was quantified at the level of the L3 vertebra. Image analysis was performed by at least two independent operators using free software. Intra- and interobserver differences were assessed using Bland–Altman plots. Data were validated between imaging modalities by Pearson's correlation. Linear regression analyses were used to mathematically normalize results between imaging modalities.

Results:

The method was statistically independent of rater bias (intra: Pearson's R—0.954–1.00; inter: 0.799–0.999). Strong relationships between imaging modalities were demonstrated and are independent of time between imaging (Pearson's R 0.625–0.903). Interchangeable mathematical models to normalize between imaging modality are shown.

Conclusion:

The method described is highly reproducible and independent of rater bias. A strong interchangeable relationship exists between calculations of AFD on retrospective CT and MRI.

Advances in knowledge:

This is the first technique to be applicable to scans that are not performed sequentially or in a research setting. Analysis is semi-automated and results can be compared directly, regardless of imaging modality or patient position. This method has clinical utility in prospective risk stratification and will be applicable to many clinical specialities.
Creating a safety net for patients in crisis: paramedic perspectives towards a GP referral scheme
Authors: Blodgett Joanna , Robertson Duncan , Ratcliffe David , Rockwood Kenneth
Published: January 2017

An innovative policy implemented by a UK Ambulance Service allows paramedics to refer patients to a GP Acute Visiting Service scheme. Initial evidence suggests that this alternate route of care can decrease hospital admission rates, decrease A&E waiting time and provide substantial savings for the NHS. However, there are many unrecognised barriers to referral that are not captured by the quantitative analysis. The goal of this qualitative-observational study was to gain insight into the GP referral scheme from a paramedic's perspective. All notes were transcribed, coded and analysed using a Grounded Theory approach. Four main themes emerged: 1) barriers to referral including wait time, process, and lack of confidence, experience and training 2) approaching the patient with the GP referral scheme in mind 3) frustrations with GP decision making and 4) awareness/understanding of the scheme's impacts. This study provided valuable insight into the paramedic's perspective of the GP referral scheme. Maximising understanding of the scheme, investigating the GP's perspective in decision making and ensuring knowledge and accountability of paramedics, GPs and the public were identified as solutions to strengthen and increase referral rates and scheme success.
Equipping paramedics to look after their mental health and wellbeing
Authors: Harris Natalie
Published: January 2017

Advanced Care Paramedic Natalie Harris writes about potential ways for paramedics to care for their mental health.
Frank's Sign as a clinical marker of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Mallinson Tom , Brooke David
Published: January 2017

Clinical examination is a core skill undertaken during the pre-hospital phase of patient care, as imaging modalities and laboratory tests are generally unavailable. While a basic cardiovascular examination is taught on undergraduate paramedic courses, there are a number of other findings that may assist in the formulation of an impression or diagnosis during the pre-hospital phase. We present one such finding and discuss its usefulness and limitations.
A window into your school
Authors: Bawden Matt
Published: January 2017

Is your school website dull and dry or does it communicate the ethos, character and heart of your school? In the context of character education, Matt Bawden offers some advice
Just don't call it numeracy
Authors: Moncaster Sam
Published: January 2017

Numeracy and maths are different things. Head of maths Sam Moncaster discusses his school's work to embed maths across the curriculum and to improve numeracy skills for weaker pupils
Twelve NQT lessons from term one
Authors: Grimmett Mark
Published: January 2017

NQTs across the country will have breathed a sigh of satisfaction as they reached the end of last term. Now January is upon us, NQT Mark Grimmett offers 12 lessons from last term's experiences that he will take into term number two
A Wilkinson Power Divider with Harmonics Suppression and Size Reduction Using Meandered Compact Microstrip Resonating Cells
Authors: Roshani Saeed
Published: January 2017

In this paper, a novel compact Wilkinson power divider with harmonics suppression using meandered compact microstrip resonating cells (MCMRC) at 2 GHz is proposed. In the design structure an open stub is used to suppress 2nd harmonic and two proposed MCMRC units are inserted into quarter wavelength lines of the conventional power divider to suppress 3rd–7th harmonics. The proposed power divider reduces the size over 65 % compare to the conventional one and impressively suppresses the harmonics (2nd–7th) with high level of attenuation. The proposed resonator and power divider are fabricated and measured. The measured and simulated results are in good agreements. The overall dimensions of the resonators and proposed power divider are only about 1.56 mm×9.2 mm (0.013 λg×0.08 λg) and 9.1 mm×13.1 mm (0.08 λg×0.11 λg) respectively.‎
On the arrowhead-Fibonacci numbers
Authors: Gültekin Inci , Deveci Ömür
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we define the arrowhead-Fibonacci numbers by using the arrowhead matrix of the characteristic polynomial of thek-step Fibonacci sequence and then we give some of their properties. Also, we study the arrowhead-Fibonacci sequence modulomand we obtain the cyclic groups from the generating matrix of the arrowhead-Fibonacci numbers when read modulom. Then we derive the relationships between the orders of the cyclic groups obtained and the periods of the arrowhead-Fibonacci sequence modulom.
Synthesis, optical and electrochemical study of bipolar heterocyclic systems, including 1,2,4-oxadiazole moiety
Authors: Selivanova D. G. , Mayorova O. A. , Gorbunov A. A. , Vasyanin A. N. , Dmitriev M. V. , Shklyaeva E. V. , Abashev G. G.
Published: January 2017

Two new 3,5-dihetarylsubstituted 1,2,4- oxadiazoles 8 a,b, including N-alkyl substituted carbazole and thiophene moieties, were synthesized as potential components of materials for organic electronics devices. Optical and electrochemical properties of all new compounds were investigated. On the basis of the experimental UV absorption data, the values of bandgap energies equal to 3.44 eV (8a) and 3.05 eV (8b) were determined. The values of their ionization potentials, HOMO levels (−5.62 eV for 8a, −5.46 eV – for 8b), as well as their electron affinity levels, LUMO levels (−2.2 eV for 8a, −2.4 eV – for 8b), were calculated from the results of electrochemical studies. The energy of the triplet excited states of 8 a,b was defined with the help of time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), comprising 2.68 eV (8a) and 2.32 eV (8b), where the greatest value of this parameter was for the compound with a shorter conjugation chain.
Figurative Meaning Construction: From
Cognitive Operations to Thought and Culture
Authors: Reda Ghsoon
Published: January 2017

This paper examines the construction of figurative language within the approach to metaphoric
complexes provided by the Lexical Constructional Model (LCM). This approach specifies the ways in which
metaphors or metaphors and metonymies operate together at different levels of meaning construction,
forming metaphtonymies, metaphoric amalgams and metaphoric chains. The study introduces a pattern
of metaphoric complexes that involves two different kinds of comparisons operating together: Comparison
by resemblance and comparison by contrast. The observations obtained from the study are: i) metaphoric
complexes can be more complex than indicated by the LCM approach to the phenomena and ii) the
cognitive operations (or conceptual mappings) involved in the construction of complex figures do not
simply underlie a plausible interpretation of such figures; they can also bear illocutionary force and thus
affect thought and culture. The points are demonstrated by examining the above-mentioned pattern in
some religious figures, analysing the effect the construction of such figures has had on readers’ beliefs
and behaviour (i.e. thought and culture).
Myoblast replication is reduced in the IUGR fetus despite maintained proliferative capacity in vitro
Authors: Soto Susan M , Blake Amy C , Wesolowski Stephanie R , Rozance Paul J , Barthel Kristen B , Gao Bifeng , Hetrick Byron , McCurdy Carrie E , Garza Natalia G , Hay William W , Leinwand Leslie A , Friedman Jacob E , Brown Laura D
Published: January 2017

Adults who were affected by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) suffer from reductions in muscle mass and insulin resistance, suggesting muscle growth may be restricted by molecular events that occur during fetal development. To explore the basis of restricted fetal muscle growth, we used a sheep model of progressive placental insufficiency-induced IUGR to assess myoblast proliferation within intact skeletal musclein vivoand isolated myoblasts stimulated with insulinin vitro. Gastrocnemius and soleus muscle weights were reduced by 25% in IUGR fetuses compared to those in controls (CON). The ratio of PAX7+ nuclei (a marker of myoblasts) to total nuclei was maintained in IUGR muscle compared to CON, but the fraction of PAX7+ myoblasts that also expressed Ki-67 (a marker of cellular proliferation) was reduced by 23%. Despite reduced proliferationin vivo, fetal myoblasts isolated from IUGR biceps femoris and cultured in enriched mediain vitroresponded robustly to insulin in a dose- and time-dependent manner to increase proliferation. Similarly, insulin stimulation of IUGR myoblasts upregulated key cell cycle genes and DNA replication. There were no differences in the expression of myogenic regulatory transcription factors that drive commitment to muscle differentiation between CON and IUGR groups. These results demonstrate that the molecular machinery necessary for transcriptional control of proliferation remains intact in IUGR fetal myoblasts, indicating thatin vivofactors such as reduced insulin and IGF1, hypoxia and/or elevated counter-regulatory hormones may be inhibiting muscle growth in IUGR fetuses.
Archetipinė gyvenimo – sapno metafora ir jos literatūrinės interpretacijos
Authors: Čiočytė Dalia
Published: January 2017

...
Pirmasis jėzuitas Vilniuje: Alfonso Salmeróno laiškai Ignacui Loyolai
Authors: Pociūtė Dainora , Dugo Carmen Caro
Published: January 2017

...
Diphenhydramine for Acute Extrapyramidal Symptoms After Propofol Administration
Authors: Sherer James , Salazar Tomas , Schesing Kevin B. , McPartland Shannon , Kornitzer Jeffrey
Published: January 2017

Extrapyramidal symptoms are an uncommon but well-recognized side effect after the administration of general anesthesia in patients without a significant neurologic history. Several case reports implicate propofol as the likely causative agent producing these symptoms, which include ballismus, dystonia, choreoathetosis, and opisthotonus. Currently, there is no clear consensus on first-line treatment of these symptoms. In each of the published cases, anticholinergic medications and benzodiazepines were central to initial management, although the speed and extent of symptom resolution were variable. Here we present a case of a 17-year-old boy with ulcerative colitis who presented with ballismus, torticollis, tongue thrusting, and oculogyric movements after colonoscopy under general anesthesia with propofol. The patient responded promptly to treatment with diphenhydramine. This is the first reported case in which diphenhydramine was successfully used as the primary treatment of severe extrapyramidal symptoms in a pediatric patient after propofol administration.
Análise do comportamento sexual de risco à infecção pelo hiv em adultos da população em geral
Authors: Pereira Thalita Galeno , De Araújo Ludgleydson Fernandes , Negreiros Fauston , Barros Neto Raimundo Nonato Nonato de Sousa
Published: January 2017

Objetivou identificar e comparar os comportamentos sexuais de risco e sua relação com o sexo, idade e religião. Participaram 596 adultos da população em geral, de ambos os sexos, com idades variando entre 18 a 73 anos (M = 27,31 DP = 9,37), sendo 59,2 % do sexo feminino, estado civil solteiro (76,2%), deste total 83,2% se declararam heterossexual. Utilizou-se como instrumento questionários sobre dados sociodemográficos e comportamento sexual. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o pacote estatístico SPSS versão 22. Identificou-se que as relações sexuais sob o efeito de substâncias psicoativas foi predominante entre homens. Em relação às diferenças dos comportamentos sexuais dos grupos de idades, neste estudo foi identificado que as pessoas da população em geral com idades de 18-41 anos em sua maioria tinham uma vida sexual ativa. Espera-se que estes dados possam subsidiar futuras intervenções em saúde para prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis.
Rosario Dello Iacovo. 2014. Curre Curre Guagliò: Storie dei 99 Posse
Authors: Messina Marcello
Published: January 2017

Rosario Dello Iacovo. 2014. Curre Curre Guagliò: Storie dei 99 Posse. Milan: Baldini & Castoldi. 304pp. ISBN 978-88-6852-666-5 (pbk)
Banning Eyre. 2015. Lion Songs: Thomas Mapfumo and the Music that Made Zimbabwe
Authors: Duby Marc
Published: January 2017

Banning Eyre. 2015. Lion Songs: Thomas Mapfumo and the Music that Made Zimbabwe. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 339pp. ISBN 978-0-8223-5908-1 (hbk)
Patrick W. Galbraith and Jason G. Karlin, eds. 2012. Idols and Celebrity in Japanese Media Culture
Authors: Yamada Keisuke
Published: January 2017

Patrick W. Galbraith and Jason G. Karlin, eds. 2012. Idols and Celebrity in Japanese Media Culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 256pp. ISBN 978-0-230-29830-9 (hbk)
Christopher Ballantine. 2012. Marabi Nights: Jazz, ‘Race’ and Society in Early Apartheid South Africa
Authors: Loubser Jostine
Published: January 2017

Christopher Ballantine. 2012. Marabi Nights: Jazz, ‘Race’ and Society in Early Apartheid South Africa, 2nd edn. Scottsville: University of Kwazulu-Natal Press. 280pp. ISBN 978-1869142377 (pbk)
Christopher J. Smith. 2013. The Creolization of American Culture: William Sidney Mount and the Roots of Blackface Minstrelsy
Authors: Bowman Rob
Published: January 2017

Christopher J. Smith. 2013. The Creolization of American Culture: William Sidney Mount and the Roots of Blackface Minstrelsy. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press. 352pp. ISBN 978-0-252-03776-4 (hbk)
Rosemary Overell. 2014. Affective Intensities in Extreme Music Scenes: Cases from Australia and Japan
Authors: Wilson Daniel
Published: January 2017

Rosemary Overell. 2014. Affective Intensities in Extreme Music Scenes: Cases from Australia and Japan. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 224pp. ISBN 9781-137-40676-7 (hbk)
John Collins. 2015. Fela: Kalakuta Notes
Authors: Hajimichael Mike
Published: January 2017

John Collins. 2015. Fela: Kalakuta Notes, 2nd edn. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press. 344pp. ISBN 978-0-8195-7539-5 (pbk)
Grounded theory - a lens to understanding clinical reasoning
Authors: Welch Paul , Plummer David , Young Louise , Quirk Frances , Larkins Sarah , Evans Rebecca , Sen Gupta Tarun
Published: January 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Clinical reasoning is fundamental to medical education and clinical practice (Schmidt & Mamede, 2015). Despite its centrality, clinical reasoning is often regarded as difficult to conceptualise and teach (Charlin, 2012; Pinnock & Welch, 2014). The pivotal role of clinical reasoning constitutes a compelling case for better understanding, more efficient teaching and practice that is more systematic and evidence-based. Clinical reasoning has been regarded as an art rather than a science (Braude, 2012) and has attracted less research effort than befits its important function. The authors examined the suitability of grounded theory methodology to provide a more complete understanding of the clinical reasoning process. Grounded theory and clinical reasoning are processes which both qualitatively evaluate and analyse information from an interview subject as well as additional sources and arrive at a robust, defensible theory to explain their findings. Grounded theory offers considerable utility for (i) understanding and modelling clinical reasoning, (ii) researching clinical reasoning and (iii) as a heuristic for teaching clinical reasoning skills. This paper explores the parallels between grounded theory methodology and clinical reasoning, as well as the suitability of grounded theory as a framework for informing and transforming our understanding of clinical reasoning.​
Applied Anthropology in Transitional Justice
Authors: Kim Jaymelee J.
Published: January 2017

The dissonance between local and global transitional justice imperatives has been the source of interdisciplinary debate with scholars highlighting the tensions between theory and practice. While researchers such as Sally Merry have discussed the human rights practitioner as a translator between global international human rights norms and local cultural understandings, little has been said regarding the potential for anthropologists to translate transitional justice between the state and survivors. This article demonstrates the need for applied anthropology in transitional justice models, illustrated with data drawn from the Canadian national transitional justice context. In this project, ethnographic data gathered from 2011–2014 is used to analyze the independent assessment process, or monetary reparations process. Using this example, I demonstrate a need for anthropological “translators” who can assess need, evaluate risk, and utilize a participatory action approach in transitional justice development.
The Business of Homelessness
Authors: Baldwin Joe
Published: January 2017

Rather than the streets, the focus of this article will be upon other spaces in the city that homeless individuals occupy. Within a context of the purported punitive or revanchist city, the paper examines a seemingly more accommodating, social welfare response to homelessness—“spaces of care”—enacted by frontline workers who interact with homeless individuals in one mostly volunteer-run day center in Brighton, United Kingdom (Cloke et al, 2010: 10). The research focused on how the organization is financed because of a shift in model of funding—from a reliance on smaller donations to relationships with larger corporate organizations—and how this affected service provision. I surmise that funding from larger corporate organizations does not usually come with conditions, but what was found at the day center was that the presence of the funders created limitations on what the service could and could not do with its service-users. Drawing on the research carried out from an ethnographic study of a mostly volunteer-run homeless day center based in central Brighton. The focus of this article is on these funding relationships in order to assess the tensions organizations like the day center in Brighton face between, on the one hand, organizational growth and restructuring in order to provide good quality services, and the freedom for its frontline workers to outwardly contest the punitive measures that their service-users experience on the other.
The Pig Dig: A Mock Crime Scene Exercise for a Forensic Archaeology Field School
Authors: Spurlock Linda , Whitman Linda , York Heather
Published: January 2017

An archaeological field school based on excavation of pig burials provides many advantages to both students and instructors. Students conduct a surface survey to find the burials and excavate complex features utilizing all the standard techniques of field Because the burials are interpreted as unnatural deaths, students must follow many lines of evidence to answer the questions “What can we deduce about the identity of the victim?” and “What might have been the manner and cause of death?” Instructors are not absolutely certain what students will find, as some “evidence” may not have been preserved, but know that many bones will come back to the lab for cleaning and analysis.
Identification of Listeria monocytogenes on Green Mussels (Perna viridis) and Cockle Shell (Anadara granosa)
Authors: Rahayu Winiati Puji , Riniati Rini , Nurjanah Siti , Nurwitri Caecillia Chrismie
Published: January 2017

Green mussel (Perna viridis) and cockle shell (Anadara granosa) are one of many sources of animal
protein which is many cultivated in Indonesia because their price is relatively affordable. This study was
conducted to identify the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in 27 samples of green mussels and 3 samples
of cockle shells using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (real-time PCR) and biochemical methods. The
target gene for amplification in real-time PCR was an hlyA gene because this gene was a determinant of
virulence genes that produce listeriolysin O. Primers used in this study were forward primer DG69 (GTG
CCG GGT AAA AGA CCA TA) and reverse primer DG74 (CGC CAC TGA GAT ACT AT) and fluorescence
signals indicator using SYBR Green I. The results of analysis using real-time PCR were negative Listeria
monocytogenes in all samples, while using biochemical methods there was one of 30 samples contaminated
by Listeria welshimeri.
Rusip with Alginate Addition as Seasoning
Authors: Koesoemawardani Dyah , Ali Mahrus
Published: January 2017

Rusip was a fermented food of fish that have a distinctive aroma so that potential to be developed
into instant seasoning. This research was aimed at optimizing powder process of rusip with the addition
of alginate. The treatment were concentration of alginate (5% , 10% , 15% and 20% w/w) and the heating
temperature (50oC, 60oC , 70oC and 80oC). Data were analyzed using advanced test Honestly Significant
Difference (HSD) at 5% level. The results showed that the best rusip powder was alginate 5% heating at
50oC and 70°C . The character were 5.98% and 7.57% water content; pH 5.69 and 5.85; 7.77% and 8.77% salt
content; 28% and 27.65% protein content, respectively. This study proves that the addition of alginate 5%
(w/w), heating at a temperature of 50oC and 70°C can trap volatile compounds formed during fermentation
in rusip processing into powder.