bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potenciais interações medicamentosas em prescrições de pacientes atendidos em uma clínica-escola de odontologia
Authors: Nardin Letícia de , Reali Lariza Amanda , Diefenthaeler Helissara Silveira , Costa Antônio Augusto Iponema
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: analisar os medicamentos prescritos aos pacientes atendidos na Clínica-Escola do Curso de Odontologia da URI - Campus de Erechim/RS, verificando as potenciais interações medicamentosas e classificações por níveis de gravidade. Metodologia: estudo de caráter transversal, por meio do acesso à totalidade dos prontuários no período de 2012 a abril de 2016. O nível de confiança estipulado foi de 95% e uma margem de erro de 5%. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma ficha individual estruturada contendo variáveis de interesse e processados com o auxílio do programa estatístico SPSS, versão 22.0 (Statistical package of the science social). Sendo utilizadas medidas descritivas (frequência e desvio padrão). Resultados: a amostra foi de 312 prontuários, sendo que 13 potenciais interações medicamentosas foram identificadas em 7 prontuários (3 leves, 8 moderadas e 2 graves). Conclusão: os cirurgiões-dentistas rotineiramente prescrevem medicamentos para auxiliar no tratamento odontológico nos casos em que existe indicação. Porém é necessário analisar qual o tipo de medicamento irá ser prescrito, bem como sua posologia e se o mesmo pode ou não apresentar interações medicamentosas, a fim de, zelar pela saúde e bem estar do paciente.
Elaboração e caracterização nutricional de massa alimentícia enriquecida com resíduo de soja
Authors: Quinaud Bárbara Emannuele Ribeiro , Monteiro Patrícia Lopes , Pires Caroline Roberta Freitas , Santos Viviane Ferreira dos , Kato Hellen Christina Almeida , Sousa Diego Neves de
Published: June 2020

O macarrão é um alimento que se destaca pela riqueza de carboidratos além de ser rico em amido e com baixo de teor de gorduras, sendo de grande valorização o seu enriquecimento por proteínas e ainda vitaminas e minerais para uma melhora da dieta de quem o consome, embora possua baixa concentração de proteínas em sua composição. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar e avaliar as características nutricionais do macarrão, com substituição parcial da farinha de trigo pela farinha de okara, visando aumentar o teor de proteínas e de fibras. Foram desenvolvidas 5 formulações com diferentes concentrações de okara (0, 5, 10, 15 e 20%) e analisadas quanto às características tecnológicas e quanto ao teor de umidade, lipídios, proteínas, fibras, cinzas e carboidratos. Conclui-se que o acréscimo da farinha de “okara” nas formulações do macarrão elevou o valor proteico, o teor de fibras e de minerais totais das amostras.
Percepção do usuário do centro de atenção psicossocial álcool e outras drogas acerca da assistência de enfermagem
Authors: Barbosa Liana Dantas da Costa e Silva , Silva Marina Clara Lopes da , Sousa Washington Henrique Pereira de
Published: June 2020

Partimos do pressuposto que no Estado do Piauí, na Cidade de Teresina, o Centro de Atenção Psicossocial em álcool e outras drogas é um dos dispositivos de apoio para os dependentes químicos, compondo-se por uma equipe interdisciplinar e tendo como propostas a recuperação e reabilitação do usuário que realiza o uso abusivo e nocivo de drogas. O profissional de enfermagem está inserido nessa equipe e assume um compromisso muito importante como agente terapêutico para prestar cuidados e promover ações de suporte aos usuários de drogas e sua família. Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo traçar o perfil sóciodemográfico do usuário, compreender a percepção do dependente químico acerca da assistência de enfermagem prestada no centro psicossocial e as atividades desenvolvidas na instituição. Tratou-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo com abordagem qualitativa. Teve como instrumento de análise um formulário semiestruturado, aplicado para quatorze participantes que assinaram o TCLE e o prontuário que foi utilizado para confirmação das informações. Obteve três categorias semânticas a luz de fundamentos teóricos, as ações/procedimentos do enfermeiro ao cliente do CAPSad, acolhimento/receptividade da enfermagem versus engajamento/permanência do usuário no CAPSad e a doação dos enfermeiros além do seu fazer profissional, evidenciando que os entrevistados se encontram satisfeitos com o atendimento de enfermagem proposto ao serviço, indicando um bom relacionamento entre a equipe. Conclui-se que o profissional de enfermagem tem seu papel reconhecido pelos usuários que se favorecem do serviço e desempenha suas atividades de maneira humanizada acarretando benefícios ao tratamento dos adictos.
Filosofia da libertação - sinais de decolonialidade em Dussel
Authors: Rabelo Simone Conceição de Moura , Sousa Natasha Fernandes de , Ramos Eduardo Rabelo , Ramos João Batista Santiago
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar os sinais de decolonialidade na obra ‘Filosofia da libertação’de Enrique Dussel, onde propõe um fazer filosófico libertador de um pensar e de um fazer epistêmico colonial, partindo da práxis e tendo como fundamento material a vida humana. Para tal nos utilizamos da pesquisa bibliográfica de obras pertinentes à abordagem temática. Desse modo, contracenamos o filosofar europeu com o latino americano para a organização destas ideias. Observamos que o discurso filosófico de libertação volta-se para uma vivência prática e que parte de uma realidade concreta, no sentido de evidenciar projetos e Programas de transformação do cotidiano. Ao propor esse fazer filosófico que toma como referência a práxis humana, Dussel, aponta às premissas do discurso decolonial, que mesmo se tratando de um conceito atual fora devidamente tratado e vivenciado, como libertação de toda a vitimização e negação de toda fórmula paradigmática que negue a vida.
Medidas vocais aerodinâmicas de cantores profissionais
Authors: Gonçalves Aline Munekata , Silva Kristopher Pires da , Bresolin Fernanda Anversa , Santos Sabrina Silva dos , Frigo Letícia Fernandez , Cielo Carla Aparecida
Published: June 2020

O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar as medidas vocais aerodinâmicas de cantores profissionais conforme o sexo e os valores de referência. Trata-se de estudo transversal, quantitativo e retrospectivo com 23 cantores profissionais entre 19 a 55 anos de idade. Analisaram-se os registros dos tempos máximos de fonação de /a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, /z/, /e/, /ė/; níveis de pressão sonora; e relações s/z e ė/e.  Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente. Os homens apresentaram tempos máximos de fonação de /e/, /i/ e /u/ significativamente abaixo dos valores de referência e as mulheres mostraram valores significativamente rebaixados do tempo máximo de fonação de /e/ e valores de tempos máximos de fonação de /i/ e /u/ significativamente dentro do esperado. Os níveis de pressão sonora habitual e níveis de pressão sonora máximo se apresentaram significativamente maiores do que os valores de referência em ambos os sexos. Concluiu-se que, no grupo de cantores profissionais analisado, os resultados dos tempos máximos de fonação sugerem maior incoordenação no controle respiratório e glótico da emissão prolongada nos homens. Os resultados dos níveis de pressão sonora sugerem maior esforço vocal na emissão para ambos os sexos, sugerindo maior esforço vocal na emissão, ou ajustes devidos ao treinamento muscular inerente à profissão.
Produção e caracterização da amilase obtida de Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus
Authors: Santos Igor Ribeiro , Mendes Tátilla Putumujú Santana , Miranda Alana Caise dos Anjos , Costa Danilo Nascimento , Figueroa Gabriel Macedo , Soares Vyvian Dias Miranda , Valasques Junior Gildomar Lima , Cedro Pâmala Évelin Pires
Published: June 2020

As amilases possuem a capacidade de catalisar a ligação α-1,4 do amido liberando glicose e dextrina, com destaque em diversos campos industriais. A pesquisa buscou caracterizar a enzima amilase obtida do fungo Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus, através da metodologia de Doehlert, avaliando o comportamento da enzima frente as variações de pH e temperatura. A produção da amilase ocorreu com a utilização do amido como indutor, e a caracterização foi realizada através da metodologia de superfície de resposta, com a análise do pH em 5 níveis (3,0, 4,0, 5,0, 6,0 e 7,0) e temperatura em 3 níveis (30, 50 e 70 °C).  A avaliação da termoestabilidade da amilase ocorreu à 60, 70 e 80ºC. A aplicação do modelo experimental indicou que a amilase obtida de R. microsporus var. oligosporus apresenta melhor desenvolvimento catalítico em temperaturas entre 40ºC e 55ºC e pH entre 2,5 e 3,2. A avaliação da termoestabilidade indicou que o aumento da temperatura influencia negativamente na atividade catalítica da amilase. O modelo experimental conduziu à compreensão das condições favoráveis à produção de amilases de R. microsporus var. oligosporus.
Estudo do conhecimento sobre Feira de Ciências nas Atas do ENPEC e na Base REDALYC: aspectos significativos ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem no Ensino Médio
Authors: Pereira Eliaquim Barbosa , Robaina José Vicente Lima
Published: June 2020

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar aspectos significativos com o evento de Feiras de Ciências, na perspectiva dos discentes e docentes do Ensino Médio, em escolas públicas do Município de Alto Alegre, Roraima (RR). Buscou-se responder o problema: Quais são os aspectos significativos com o evento de Feiras de Ciências, em escolas públicas no Município de Alto Alegre (RR), na perspectiva dos docentes e discentes do Ensino médio? A metodologia é do tipo exploratoria, quali-quantitiva, por isso, mista; realizou-se também uma análise bibliográfica. A busca foi fundamentada nos bancos de dados: Anais do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências (ENPEC) e Sistema de Información Científica Redalyc Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe (REDALYC). Como resultado, observamos que, quando colocados os unitermos separadamente na área temática, aparecem muitos artigos. Porém, quando se começa a filtrar, os artigos diminuem significativamente ao passo que, quando se junta os quatros unitermos, em apenas uma das bases pesquisadas aparecem artigos relacionados. Neste sentido, são poucas as produções sobre o tema e por isso reforçamos a importância de desenvolvimento de pesquisas sobre eventos de Feira de Ciências dentro das escolas, considerando o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos educandos.
Estudo do conhecimento sobre Feira de Ciências nas Bases de Dados BDTD e CAPES: aspectos significativos ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem no Ensino Médio
Authors: Pereira Eliaquim Barbosa , Robaina José Vicente Lima
Published: June 2020

Este artigo buscou analisar aspectos significativos com o evento de Feira de Ciências, em escolas públicas do Município de Alto Alegre, Roraima (RR), na perspectiva dos discentes e docentes do Ensino Médio. Buscou-se responder o problema: Quais são os aspectos significativos com o evento de Feira de Ciências, em escolas públicas no Município de Alto Alegre (RR), na perspectiva dos docentes e discentes do Ensino médio? A metodologia é do tipo exploratória, quali-quantitiva, por isso, mista; realizou-se também uma análise bibliográfica. A busca foi fundamentada nos Bancos de Dados: Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) e Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES. Como resultado, observamos que ainda bem reduzido o número de teses e dissertações nesta temática e quando é feito os filtros, os artigos diminuem expressivamente e ao juntar os quatros “unitermos” da pesquisa, em nenhuma das bases pesquisadas aparecem artigos relacionados. Assim, é nítido que precisa se trabalhar com mais ênfase a questão das Feiras de Ciências no âmbito escolar, pois a produção científica é muito importante e significativa, considerando o aprendizado dos alunos dentro das escolas.
Morpho-agronomic parameters, chemical composition and genetic divergence among Manihot sp. access
Authors: Campos Fleming Sena , Gois Glayciane Costa , Rêgo Mailson Monteiro do , Silva Ana Paula Gomes da , Silva Divan Soares da , Andrade Alberício Pereira de , Rêgo Elizanilda Ramalho do , Santos Edson Mauro , Magalhães André Luiz Rodrigues
Published: June 2020

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the morpho-agronomic parameters, chemical composition and genetic divergence among Manihot sp. access collected in the Curimataú and Cariri micro regions of the State of Paraíba - Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 10 access and 8 replicates. Morpho-agronomic characterization was evaluated through 16 agronomic traits and 12 morphological traits. For the chemical evaluation, 11 traits were discriminated. According to the results, access 2 (Monteiro-PB) was considered a tall plant, with larger canopy area with smaller leaves. The access are cylindrical plants with dark green apical leaf and obovate-lanceolate central lobe, straight or zig zag growth, green vein and with the presence of five lobes and terminal branches in the green plants. The branching levels range from 1 to 4, upward or horizontal petiole and reddish green petiole color. The stipules are short and the sinuosity of leaf lobe is smooth. From the chemical variables evaluated in the access of Manihot, the ones that contributed the most to distinguish genotypes were the content of neutral detergent fiber, non-fiber carbohydrates and total carbohydrates. The morpho-agronomic traits together with the chemical composition data serve as a parameter to indicate the possible access to be used in the forage processing, with better nutritional value.
Avaliação in silico da atividade anti-helmíntica do monoterpeno Ascaridol
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Beatriz Bomfim Gomes , Fernandes Viton Dyrk Guimarães , Alencar Josilanny Araújo de Souza , Medeiros Jessika Paiva , Souza Lara Danúbia Galvão de , Oliveira Ocimar Lopes de , Holanda Júlia Kiara da Nóbrega , Nunes Lucas Fonseca , Lira Antônio Matheus Simões , Cunha Saraghina Maria Donato da , Sousa Aleson Pereira de , Oliveira Filho Abrahão Alves de
Published: June 2020

As enteroparasitoses constituem um grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo, sendo causadas por parasitas como os helmintos que provocam danos nutricionais e podem levar o hospedeiro ao óbito. Os fármacos utilizados no tratamento de helmintoses podem agir de diversas maneiras, contudo, as opções desses medicamentos no mercado ainda encontram-se limitadas. Sabe-se que o Ascaridol tem demonstrado grande potencial farmacológico em terapias anti-bacterianas, anti-fúngicas, anti-viral e anti-neoplásica. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a atividade anti-helmítica do Ascaridol através de um estudo in silico. Como metodologia utilizou-se o software gratuito Pass Online® para análise da probabilidade de atividade da molécula. O Ascaridol demonstrou um bom resultado para probabilidade de ativação (Pa) em relação aos valores da probabilidade de inativação (Pi) nas atividades anti-helmíntica nematoide e anti-helmíntica fasciola. Conclui-se que esse monoterpeno apresentou um elevado potencial como anti-helmítico, entretanto, ainda são necessários estudos in vitro e in vivo em maior diversidade de espécies helmínticas e em testes toxicológicos com intuito de elucidar sua segurança e índice terapêutico.
Modelagem matemática em dinâmica dos fluídos: uma aplicação do método Smoothed-particle Hydrodynamics
Authors: Dias Neylan Leal , Leal Simone de Almeida Delphim , Brandi Analice Costacurta , Meneguette Jr Messias , Balthazar Jose Manoel
Published: June 2020

Nos últimos anos, alguns códigos SPH tornaram-se uma parte inerente do arsenal numérico de laboratórios industriais de pesquisa e desenvolvimento e instituições acadêmicas. A capacidade do SPH lidar com as questões de densidade variável e escoamentos diversos, decorre do fato de sua natureza ser totalmente lagrangiana. A ideia do método é acompanhar o fluido por meio das partículas em movimento, sem qualquer restrição de malha. O objetivo deste trabalho é modelar a dinâmica do fluído presente no fenômeno ruptura de barragens través do Método numérico livre de malhas SPH, além disso comparar os resultados simulados com resultados laborais. Os estudos realizados forneceram subsídios para a modelagem do problema da ruptura de barragem através do software SPHysics (open source), com a metodologia SPH, onde o método se mostrou eficiente na modelagem proposta, o que se torna evidente através da comparação com os resultados laborais, como mostrado nos resultados.
Aspectos relevantes sobre a doença noma e a importância do conhecimento pelos cirurgiões-dentistas: revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Douglas Ferreira da , Silva Herica Myllena Correia da , Silva Leoclécia Correia dos Santos , Ferreira Ângela Beatriz Santos , Silva Cleslanny Kevinny Moreira da , Biagiote João Alfredo Corrêa de Sá , Cota Ana Lídia Soares
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Compilar informações sobre a doença noma, de forma a facilitar a conduta clínica dos cirurgiões-dentistas. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura em que foram incluídos artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2020, em português ou inglês, disponíveis gratuitamente e na íntegra, e indexados nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO. Resultados: Após a síntese da busca, e aplicação dos filtros e critérios de elegibilidade, foram selecionados 18 artigos compatíveis com a temática abordada, realizando uma síntese sobre essas informações em etapas posteriores correspondentes a importância e conhecimentos dos cirurgiões-dentistas e demais profissionais da saúde sobre a doença noma. Conclusão: Torna-se evidente a necessidade do conhecimento por cirurgiões-dentistas e demais profissionais de área da saúde sobre as particularidades que envolvem a doença noma. Os autores reforçam o desenvolvimento de ações preventivas através de programas de saúde na atenção primária, visando o diagnóstico precoce, menor letalidade e tratamento eficaz.
Keberhasilan Persilangan Padi Beras Putih dan Padi Beras Hitam (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Nurhidayah Siti , Isnaeni Selvy
Published: June 2020

Padi beras hitam merupakan salah satu pangan fungsional yang didalamnya kaya akan antosianin yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Perakitan padi hitam sebagai pangan fungsional menjadi salah satu terobosan dalam menghasilkan calon varietas unggul baru padi hitam. Padi hitam memiliki kelemahan salah satunya adalah umur panen yang dalam. Pembentukan keragaman genetik padi dilakukan dengan melakukan persilangan buatan (hibridisasi). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April - September 2019 di screen house Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan teknik persilangan secara single cross antara tetua betina padi beras putih dan tetua jantan padi beras hitam. Bahan yang digunakan adalah 8 aksesi padi beras hitam (PH1, PH2, PH3, PH4, PH5, PH6, PH7, dan PH8) sebagai tetua betina, dan varietas unggul Inpari13, Inpari18, dan Inpari19 sebagai tetua jantan. Setiap genotipe ditanam sebanyak 4 tanaman diulang 3 kali. Setiap ulangan ditanam dengan perbedaan waktu 7 hari agar bunga betina dan bunga jantan dapat tersedia di waktu yang sama. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa persentase keberhasilan persilangan tertinggi terdapat pada persilangan tetua Inpari19 X aksesi padi hitam. Set persilangan Inpari19 XPH3 memiliki jumlah gabah isi terbanyak rata-rata 35 butir dengan persentase keberhasilan persilangan tertinggi sebesar 35% dibandingkan dengan set persilangan lainnya. Karakter warna menunjukkan seluruh set persilangan menghasilkan warna coklat muda. Kata kunci: antioksidan, antosianin, hibridisasi, padi beras hitam, single cross
STUDENTS’ SATISFACTION OF DISTANCE EDUCATION SERVICES IN THE ISLAND AREAS (A CASE STUDY AT UPBJJ-UT TERNATE)
Authors: Anfas  , Sudarwo Raden , Umasugi Mohbir , Hafel Muhlis , Simabur Lisda Ariani
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the level of student satisfaction in the islands regarding distance education services. The population in this study are all UT’’s students spreaded across various regions in the province of North Maluku. The sampling method uses simple random sampling, as many as 74 students. Data collection is carried out through interviews with respondents with questionnaire aids whose questions relate to UT's level of expectation and service quality. The results show that: (1) of all aspects of distance education services organized by UPBJJ-UT Ternate, all of them had been categorized as very satisfying, where the highest level of satisfaction was that of general information services by 101.28% or in other words had exceeded student expectations. While teaching material services, although still in the category of very satisfying for students, the percentage of satisfaction level is lower than other service aspects which is 95.76%. (2) From all aspects of distance education services organized by UPBJJ-UT Ternate, teaching material services still have a level of gap between expectations and valuations conducted by students.
LncRNA NBR2 Inhibits the Malignancy of Thyroid Cancer, Associated With Enhancing the AMPK Signaling
Authors: Yang Wen , Zheng Zhikun , Yi Pengfei , Wang Shi , Zhang Ning , Ming Jie , Tan Jie , Guo Hui
Published: June 2020

Long non-coding RNA NBR2 is a transcript of the neighbor of BRCA1 gene 2 and can regulate tumor development. However, there is little information on the role of NBR2 in the progression of thyroid cancers (TC). Here, we show that NBR2 expression is down-regulated in TC tissues and associated with histologic subtypes of TC. NBR2 expression was variably reduced in different TC cells. While NBR2 silencing significantly enhanced the malignancy of BCPAP cells by increasing cell proliferation, clonogenicity, wound healing, and invasion as well as tumor growth in vivo, and decreasing spontaneous apoptosis, NBR2 over-expression had opposite effects in BHT101 cells. Furthermore, treatment with A-769662 (a specific AMPK activator), like NBR2 over-expression, significantly attenuated the malignancy of BHT101 cells while treatment with Compound C (a specific AMPK inhibitor) significantly rescued that NBR2-reduced malignancy of BHT101 cells. In comparison with non-tumor thyroid epithelial Nthy-ori 3-1 cells, obviously increased GLUT-1 expression, but decreased AMPK and ACC phosphorylation were detected in TC cells. While NBR2 silencing further enhanced GLUT-1 expression and reduced AMPK and ACC phosphorylation as well as the EMT process in BCPAP cells. NBR2 over-expression also had opposite effects in BHT101 cells. Similar patterns of GLUT-1 expression and AMPK and ACC phosphorylation were detected in the different types of xenograft TC tumors in vivo. Therefore, such data indicated that NBR2 acted as a tumor suppressor of thyroid cancers associated with enhancing the AMPK signaling and NBR2 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for thyroid cancers.
Influence of Topography on Sustainable Land Management: An Analysis of Socioeconomic and Ecodemographic Conditions of Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Keshav , Yousef Mahmoud , Greife Alice , Naraharisetti S.
Published: June 2020

Around 6 to 8 million young Nepali, working abroad as migrant laborers, are contributing remittances of about 28% of the annual gross domestic product of Nepal. However, due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, Nepal is not only going to lose a significant portion of remittances but will also face the Herculean task of creating employment for the workforce who may return to Nepal. This paper discusses sustainable options for the Nepali government to help create employment for its citizens in Nepal through the revitalization of fallow lands and other potential agricultural areas, which are below a 15° slope. The land-use and land-cover data for the 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s are derived from the classification of satellite images. These classified and resampled 30 m × 30 m images along with the 30 × 30 m elevation data are brought to the Kibana Platform within the Amazon Web Service (AWS) to analyze the status of land-use and -cover conditions for the 1980 to 2010 period within nine different slope classes at an interval of 5° slope. Our findings suggest there have been massive conversions of forested areas for agricultural land at lower slope areas between 1980 and 2000, but the trend began to reverse from 2000 to 2010 as trees started coming back to the fallow agricultural lands. This happened mainly because, during the countrywide Maoist insurgency period (1996–2006), many youth first took shelter in various urban centers away from their natal homes and then emigrated to foreign countries for remittance purposes. As a result, many farmlands became fallow and barren, and agricultural productivity decreased. Consequently, Nepal, an exporter of rice and pulses until the late 1980s, started importing food grain each year. The major goals of this research are to explore: (a) if Nepal can self-sustain in agricultural products by utilizing potential agricultural lands below a 15° slope in various geographic regions; (b) the means for productively engaging the youth returning to the country; and (c) methods of reinvigorating the ecosystem services of Nepal to support sustainable development.
Verification of Optimized Real-time Hybrid Control System for Prediction of Nonlinear Materials Behavior with 3-DOF Dynamic Test
Authors: Na Okpin , Park Jejin
Published: June 2020

Real-time hybrid method is an economical and efficient test method to evaluate the dynamic behavior. The purpose of this study is to develop the computational algorithm and to prove the reliability of a real-time hybrid control system. For performing the multi-direction dynamic test, three dynamic actuators and the optimized real-time hybrid system with new hybrid simulation program (FEAPH) and a simplified inter-communication were optimized. To verify the reliability and applicability of the real-time hybrid control system, 3-DOF (3 Degrees of Freedom) non-linear dynamic tests with physical model were conducted on a steel and concrete frame structure. As a ground acceleration, El Centro and Northridge earthquake waves were applied. As a result, the maximum error of numerical analysis is 13% compared with the result of shaking table test. However, the result of real-time hybrid test shows good agreement with the shaking table test. The real-time hybrid test using FEAPH can make good progress on the total testing time and errors. Therefore, this test method using FEAPH can be effectively and cheaply used to evaluate the dynamic performance of the full-scale structure, instead of shaking table and full-scale test.
Electro-Thermal and Aging Lithium-Ion Cell Modelling with Application to Optimal Battery Charging
Authors: Mohajer Sara , Sabatier Jocelyn , Lanusse Patrick , Cois Olivier
Published: June 2020

This paper deals with optimal charging versus aging minimization for lithium-ion batteries. The optimal charging strategy proposed involves charging controllers whose design relies on a battery model. The model, especially designed for automotive battery management systems applications, is recalled in this paper. It provides the voltage response of a cell to an input current. It also models side reactions that produce degradation mechanisms and thus decrease battery performance. Side reaction modelling involves taking into account the temperature cell variations, which are thus also modelled. The association of the three above-mentioned sub-models leads to an electro-thermal battery aging model used to design an optimal charging strategy that simultaneously takes into account the minimization of charging time and maximization of battery lifetime. Thus, to achieve a charging controller that manages battery health, an appropriate charging trajectory was computed by solving an optimization problem minimizing aging. Then, a charge control loop was designed. The nonlinear behavior of the battery was taken into account through the linearization of the electro-thermal aging model in different operating conditions. To take into account the resulting linear model family, the CRONE design methodology was used. The principles of this methodology are recapped and the design of the charging control loop is explained. The efficiency of the resulting charge controller is illustrated by several simulations.
RRM Prediction of Erythrocyte Band3 Protein as Alternative Receptor for SARS-CoV-2 Virus
Authors: Cosic Irena , Cosic Drasko , Loncarevic Ivan
Published: June 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new coronavirus causing a worldwide pandemic. It is infecting respiratory organs and, in more severe cases, the lungs, where it is infecting the human cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. In severe cases, it is characterized not only by difficulties in breathing through infected lungs, but also with disproportionally and, thus far, unexplained low levels of oxygen in the blood. Here, we propose that, besides the infection of respiratory organs through ACE2 receptors, there is an additional infection in the red blood cells (erythrocytes). There could be a possible for SARS-CoV-2 to pass through the alveoli membrane in the lungs and infect the red blood cells through another receptor. Using our own biophysical model, the Resonant Recognition Model, we propose that the red blood cell (RBC) Band3 protein on the surface of red blood cells is a possible entry point for the SARS-CoV-2 virus into red blood cells.
Aging of Extracted and Reassembled Li-ion Electrode Material in Coin Cells—Capabilities and Limitations
Authors: Schmid Alexander Uwe , Ridder Alexander , Hahn Matthias , Schofer Kai , Birke Kai Peter
Published: June 2020

Cycling Li-ion cells with large capacities requires high currents and hence an expensive measurement setup. Aging the Li-ion cell material in coin cells offers an orders-of-magnitude-lower power requirement to the battery tester. The preparation procedure used in this work allows one to build coin cells in a reproducible manner. The original 40 Ah pouch cells and the corresponding 4.3 mAh coin cells (PAT-Cell) utilizing electrode material from the original cells are cycled with 1C at different temperatures. The results show the same basic aging mechanisms in both cell types: loss of lithium inventory at room temperature but an increasing proportion of loss of active material toward higher temperatures. This is confirmed by similar activation energies in capacity degradation of the 40 Ah cells and the averaged coin cells. However, the capacity of the coin cells decreases faster over time. This is caused by diffusion of moisture into the coin cell housing. Nonetheless, the increasing water contamination over measurement time is not directly linked to the loss of capacity of the coin cells. Thus, the observed aging mechanisms of the 40 Ah cells can be qualitatively transferred to coin cell level.
Arsenic Trioxide, Itraconazole, All-Trans Retinoic Acid and Nicotinamide: A Proof of Concept for Combined Treatments with Hedgehog Inhibitors in Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cosio Terenzio , Di Prete Monia , Campione Elena
Published: June 2020

The treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma has seen a progressive evolution in recent years following the introduction of Hedgehog pathway inhibitors. However, given the burden of mutations in the tumor microenvironment and lack of knowledge for the follow-up of advanced basal cell carcinoma, we are proposing a possible synergistic therapeutic application. Our aim is to underline the use of arsenic trioxide, itraconazole, all-trans-retinoic acid and nicotinamide as possible adjuvant therapies either in advanced not responding basal cell carcinoma or during follow-up based on Hedgehog pathway. We have analyzed the rational use of these drugs as a pivotal point to block neoplasm progression, modulate epigenetic modification and prevent recurrences.
Complementarity in Cyclotricatechylene Assemblies: Symmetric Cages Linked within 3D Cubic Hydrogen Bonded Networks
Authors: Holmes Jessica L. , Russell Steven M. , Abrahams Brendan F. , Hudson Timothy A. , White Keith F.
Published: June 2020

A serendipitous discovery has led to the generation of a family of four compounds in which six components combine to form symmetric metal-cyclotricatechylene (H6ctc) cages. The four compounds, which have the compositions, [Cs((CH3)2CO)6][K4(H6ctc)4(H2O)8][Cs4(H2O)6](PO4)3, [Rb((CH3)2CO)6][Rb2K2(H6ctc)4(H2O)6][Rb4(H2O)6](PO4)3, [Cs((CH3)2CO)6][K4(H6ctc)4(H2O)8]-[Cs(H2O)9](SO4)3 and [Rb((CH3)2CO)6][Rb2K2(H6ctc)4(H2O)6][Rb(H2O)9](SO4)3 possess cubic symmetry that arises from the complementary interactions that govern the assembly of the components. The cage cavities contain water molecules and either one or four large alkali metal ions (either Rb+ or Cs+) which interact with the internal aromatic surfaces of the cage. Each cage is linked to six tetrahedral anions (PO43− or SO42−) through 24 equivalent hydrogen bonds and each anion bridges a pair of cages through eight such hydrogen bonds. An unusual octahedral complex M((CH3)2CO)6+ (M = Rb or Cs), in which the M-C=O link is linear, appears to be a key structural component. A feature of this family of crystalline compounds is the presence of a range of complementary interactions which combine to generate materials that exhibit high crystallographic symmetry.
Microbial Biosurfactants as Key Multifunctional Ingredients for Sustainable Cosmetics
Authors: Ahmadi-Ashtiani Hamid-Reza , Baldisserotto Anna , Cesa Elena , Manfredini Stefano , Sedghi Zadeh Hossein , Ghafori Gorab Mostafa , Khanahmadi Maryam , Zakizadeh Samin , Buso Piergiacomo , Vertuani Silvia
Published: June 2020

A polar head and an apolar tail chemically characterize surfactants, they show different properties and are categorized by different factors such as head charge and molecular weight. They work by reducing the surface tension between oil and water phases to facilitate the formation of one homogeneous mixture. In this respect, they represent unavoidable ingredients, their main application is in the production of detergents, one of if not the most important categories of cosmetics. Their role is very important, it should be remembered that it was precisely soaps and hygiene that defeated the main infectious diseases at the beginning of the last century. Due to their positive environmental impact, the potential uses of microbial sourced surfactants are actively investigated. These compounds are produced with different mechanisms by microorganisms in the aims to defend themselves from external threats, to improve the mobility in the environment, etc. In the cosmetic field, biosurfactants, restricted in the present work to those described above, can carry high advantages, in comparison to traditional surfactants, especially in the field of sustainable and safer approaches. Besiede this, costs still remain an obsatcle to their diffusion; in this regard, exploration of possible multifunctional actions could help to contain application costs. To highlight their features and possible multifunctional role, on the light of specific biological profiles yet underestimated, we have approached the present review work.
Analysis of Oribatid Fauna of the East European Tundra with First Reported Data of Subpolar Urals
Authors: Melekhina Elena N.
Published: June 2020

This study presents data on the oribatid mite fauna of the Subpolar Urals for the first time. Observations were made in the Lembekoyu River valley and 35 species of oribatid mites from 24 genera and 21 families were found. The analysis of taxonomic diversity and distribution of East European tundra oribatid mite species is presented based on available literature and the author’s own research findings. The taxonomic list includes 163 species from 81 genera and 45 families. Ceratozetidae (15 species), Crotoniidae (14 species), Oppiidae (12 species), Suctobelbidae (12 species), Damaeidae (9 species), Brachychthoniidae (8 species), Phthiracaridae (5 species), Humerobatidae (5 species), Achipteriidae (5 species), Punctoribatidae (5 species), and Galumnidae (5 species) are the leading families, comprising more than 58% of all species. The zoogeographical structure of the fauna is dominated by widely distributed Holarctic, cosmopolitan, and semi-cosmopolitan species. The share of Palaearctic species is 23%. The specificity of the fauna of East European tundra manifests itself in the small group of Arctic species, both in the mainland tundra and on the Arctic islands. A complex of arctic-boreal species, widely distributed in the Eurasian sector of the Arctic, is distinguished.
Primary Biliary Cholangitis and Bile Acid Farnesoid X Receptor Agonists
Authors: Abenavoli Ludovico , Procopio Anna Caterina , Fagoonee Sharmila , Pellicano Rinaldo , Carbone Marco , Luzza Francesco , Invernizzi Pietro
Published: June 2020

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease characterized by the progressive destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Currently, the first line drug for PBC is ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) characterized by anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and protective actions on cholangiocytes. Despite its recognized therapeutic action, 30–40% of PBC patients only partially benefit from UDCA therapy. This has led to the identification of the role of the farnesoid x receptor (FXR) in cholestatic liver diseases and, consequently, to the development of obeticholic acid (OCA), a steroid FXR agonist that has been recently approved for the treatment of PBC. OCA though is not effective in all patients and can cause itch, which eventually induces treatment drop out. Therefore, the search for new therapeutic strategies for PBC has begun. This review, in addition to summarizing the current treatments for PBC, provides overview of the chemical characteristics of new steroid FXR agonist candidates that could represent a future perspective for the treatment of PBC.
Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Wildland-Urban Interface Fuelbreak Planning Integrating ALS and UAV-Borne LiDAR Data and Multispectral Images
Authors: Rodríguez-Puerta Francisco , Alonso Ponce Rafael , Pérez-Rodríguez Fernando , Águeda Beatriz , Martín-García Saray , Martínez-Rodrigo Raquel , Lizarralde Iñigo
Published: June 2020

Controlling vegetation fuels around human settlements is a crucial strategy for reducing fire severity in forests, buildings and infrastructure, as well as protecting human lives. Each country has its own regulations in this respect, but they all have in common that by reducing fuel load, we in turn reduce the intensity and severity of the fire. The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)-acquired data combined with other passive and active remote sensing data has the greatest performance to planning Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fuelbreak through machine learning algorithms. Nine remote sensing data sources (active and passive) and four supervised classification algorithms (Random Forest, Linear and Radial Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Networks) were tested to classify five fuel-area types. We used very high-density Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data acquired by UAV (154 returns·m−2 and ortho-mosaic of 5-cm pixel), multispectral data from the satellites Pleiades-1B and Sentinel-2, and low-density LiDAR data acquired by Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) (0.5 returns·m−2, ortho-mosaic of 25 cm pixels). Through the Variable Selection Using Random Forest (VSURF) procedure, a pre-selection of final variables was carried out to train the model. The four algorithms were compared, and it was concluded that the differences among them in overall accuracy (OA) on training datasets were negligible. Although the highest accuracy in the training step was obtained in SVML (OA=94.46%) and in testing in ANN (OA=91.91%), Random Forest was considered to be the most reliable algorithm, since it produced more consistent predictions due to the smaller differences between training and testing performance. Using a combination of Sentinel-2 and the two LiDAR data (UAV and ALS), Random Forest obtained an OA of 90.66% in training and of 91.80% in testing datasets. The differences in accuracy between the data sources used are much greater than between algorithms. LiDAR growth metrics calculated using point clouds in different dates and multispectral information from different seasons of the year are the most important variables in the classification. Our results support the essential role of UAVs in fuelbreak planning and management and thus, in the prevention of forest fires.
Tornado Occurrences in the United States: A Spatio-Temporal Point Process Approach
Authors: Valente Fernanda , Laurini Márcio
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we analyze the tornado occurrences in the Unites States. To perform inference procedures for the spatio-temporal point process we adopt a dynamic representation of Log-Gaussian Cox Process. This representation is based on the decomposition of intensity function in components of trend, cycles, and spatial effects. In this model, spatial effects are also represented by a dynamic functional structure, which allows analyzing the possible changes in the spatio-temporal distribution of the occurrence of tornadoes due to possible changes in climate patterns. The model was estimated using Bayesian inference through the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations. We use data from the Storm Prediction Center’s Severe Weather Database between 1954 and 2018, and the results provided evidence, from new perspectives, that trends in annual tornado occurrences in the United States have remained relatively constant, supporting previously reported findings.
Risk-Based Access Control Model: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Atlam Hany F. , Azad Muhammad Ajmal , Alassafi Madini O. , Alshdadi Abdulrahman A. , Alenezi Ahmed
Published: June 2020

Most current access control models are rigid, as they are designed using static policies that always give the same outcome in different circumstances. In addition, they cannot adapt to environmental changes and unpredicted situations. With dynamic systems such as the Internet of Things (IoT) with billions of things that are distributed everywhere, these access control models are obsolete. Hence, dynamic access control models are required. These models utilize not only access policies but also contextual and real-time information to determine the access decision. One of these dynamic models is the risk-based access control model. This model estimates the security risk value related to the access request dynamically to determine the access decision. Recently, the risk-based access control model has attracted the attention of several organizations and researchers to provide more flexibility in accessing system resources. Therefore, this paper provides a systematic review and examination of the state-of-the-art of the risk-based access control model to provide a detailed understanding of the topic. Based on the selected search strategy, 44 articles (of 1044 articles) were chosen for a closer examination. Out of these articles, the contributions of the selected articles were summarized. In addition, the risk factors used to build the risk-based access control model were extracted and analyzed. Besides, the risk estimation techniques used to evaluate the risks of access control operations were identified.
Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing and Potential Prescribing Omissions in 82,935 Older Hospitalised Adults: Association with Hospital Readmission and Mortality within Six Months
Authors: Thomas Roger E. , Nguyen Leonard T. , Jackson Dave , Naugler Christopher
Published: June 2020

Polypharmacy with “potentially inappropriate medications” (PIMs) and “potential prescribing omissions” (PPOs) are frequent among those 65 and older. We assessed PIMs and PPOs in a retrospective study of 82,935 patients ≥ 65 during their first admission in the period March 2013 through February 2018 to the four acute-care Calgary hospitals. We used the American Geriatric Society (AGS) and STOPP/START criteria to assess PIMs and PPOs. We computed odds ratios (ORs) for key outcomes of concern to patients, their families, and physicians, namely readmission and/or mortality within six months of discharge, and controlled for age, sex, numbers of medications, PIMs, and PPOs. For readmission, the adjusted OR for number of medications was 1.09 (1.09–1.09), for AGS PIMs 1.14 (1.13–1.14), for STOPP PIMs 1.15 (1.14–1.15), for START PPOs 1.04 (1.02–1.06), and for START PPOs correctly prescribed 1.16 (1.14–1.17). For mortality within 6 months of discharge, the adjusted OR for the number of medications was 1.02 (1.01–1.02), for STOPP PIMs 1.07 (1.06–1.08), for AGS PIMs 1.11 (1.10–1.12), for START PPOs 1.31 (1.27–1.34), and for START PPOs correctly prescribed 0.97 (0.94–0.99). Algorithm rule mining identified an 8.772 higher likelihood of mortality with the combination of STOPP medications of duplicate drugs from the same class, neuroleptics, and strong opioids compared to a random relationship, and a 2.358 higher likelihood of readmission for this same set of medications. Detailed discussions between patients, physicians, and pharmacists are needed to improve these outcomes.
Archaeology and Heritage Management in the Maya Area: History and Practice at Caracol, Belize
Authors: Chase Arlen F. , Chase Diane Z. , Morris John M. , Awe Jaime J. , Chase Adrian S. Z.
Published: June 2020

Archaeology and heritage management in the Maya area have developed differently in the various modern-day countries that make up ancient Mesoamerica. In the country of Belize, heritage management has been conjoined with archaeology since at least the late 1970s. Long-term projects, such as the 1985-to-present archaeological investigations at the ancient ruins that comprise the immense city of Caracol, Belize, demonstrate the evolution of heritage management. This abandoned metropolis has also been the location of concerted stabilization and conservation efforts. Research and heritage management efforts at this urban center have been coordinated and intertwined since the project’s inception. This article contextualizes the long-standing relationships between archaeology and cultural heritage as it has been practiced at Caracol, Belize within the broader field of Maya Studies.
An Investigation into Indoor Radon Concentrations in Certified Passive House Homes
Authors: Mc Carron Barry , Meng Xianhai , Colclough Shane
Published: June 2020

The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) has introduced the concept of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) specifying that by 31 December 2020 all new buildings must meet the nearly zero- energy standard, the Passive House standard has emerged as a key enabler for the Nearly Zero Energy Building standard. The combination of Passive House with renewables represents a suitable solution to move to low/zero carbon. The hypothesis in this study is that a certified passive house building with high levels of airtightness with a balanced mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR) should yield lower indoor radon concentrations. This article presents results and analysis of measured radon levels in a total of 97 certified passive house dwellings using CR-393 alpha track diffusion radon gas detectors. The results support the hypothesis that certified passive house buildings present lower radon levels. A striking observation to emerge from the data shows a difference in radon distribution between upstairs and downstairs when compared against regular housing. The study is a first for Ireland and the United Kingdom and it has relevance to a much wider context with the significant growth of the passive house standard globally.