bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[The integrated steel production cycle and polluting sources]
Authors: Mapelli Carlo , Barella Silvia , Mombelli Davide , Gruttadauria Andrea
Published: February 2025

This paper is focused on the description of the integrated route for the steel production. The main plants involved in such a route have been treated and the main process steps have been described: sintering of the iron ores, coal treatment to obtain the coke, pig iron production by the blast furnace and its conversion to steel by the basic oxygen furnace. During the description of these plants and processes, the main pollution source have been pointed out. Finally, a synthetic presentation of the plants used for the reduction of the iron ores by natural gas has been performed.
[Work-air: the ‘smart’ air bag for protecting workers at height]
Authors: Cafaggi Vittorio
Published: February 2025

The most recent report of the Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work, published in 2017, reveals 535 cases of falls from a height were reported nationally between 2008 and 2012, and that falls from a height account for approximately one third of fatal accidents at work in Italy. Accidents involving falls from a height are just as frequent in the United States, particularly in the construction sector, with 9.9 fatal cases for every 100 workers, and the greatest overall number of total deaths of any sector in 2009.Workair is a dedicated Personal Protective Equipment for height workers that is based on a special airbag technology developed by Dainese. This technology, called D-air® , uses a sophisticated electronic system to detect danger situations and deploy the airbag to protect the wearer's body without the latter needing to take any action whatsoever. That's why it's called "Intelligent Clothing". The design features a protective vest equipped with D-air® airbags positioned to protect the worker's back and chest in the event of free falls of between one and two metres, and restrained falls of more than two metres, in which case attention is focused on impacts from "swinging". The project to create Workair sees D-Airlab/Dainese collaborating with ENEL and Delta Plus, Prof. Francesco Saverio Violante of the University of Bologna, Dr. Maria Concetta Nucci and Dr. Vittorio Lodi of the Occupational Medicine Unit of the Sant' Orsola/Malpighi Teaching Hospital in Bologna, and Dr. Nicola Acciarri of the Bologna Neuroscience Research Hospital. Certification-related matters are being handled by Dolomiti Cert.
[Mobbing: 10-year evaluation experience in a University hospital]
Authors: Monaco Edoardo , Girardi Paolo , Falaschi Paolo , Ferracuti Stefano , Martocchia Antonio , Battaglia Valentina , Capitelli Ilaria , Catarinozzi Elena , Piccari Ines , Rossi Marina , Prestigiacomo Claudio
Published: February 2025

Bullying is a manifestation of occupational stress and can therefore be considered as a real organizational pathology. Include the activities of the surgery dedicated to Mobbing, Unit of Occupational Medicine Sant' Andrea Hospital, which began operations in June 2001. In over ten years of operation (July 2012), the sample, consisting of 50.7% for men and 49.3% women, is heterogeneous in age. The schooling of the sample is medium-high as more than 82% have higher education level. The business sector is the service sector accounted for most (84%) than in industry (9%) and agriculture (2%). Of the 1545 patients seen, 1320 completed the diagnostic path, while 225 have stopped. 814 users have been certified for compatibility bullying (63% of cases) with a net reduction of the awards from 2007 onwards. Considerations are expressed about the possible intervention strategies: the presence of dedicated experts at the counters of listening and professionals as the trusted advisor, to which workers in distress can call on for advice and guidance on how to defend itself from, in accordance with the implemented for years at the Ministry of Health, the establishment of such figures as the manager rehability that in other European countries, are scheduled for some time in work organization.
[Risk assessment and its appropriateness to support the physician in certifying a suspected technopathy]
Authors: Taino Giuseppe , Pugliese Franco , Bonetti Daniela , Imbriani Marcello
Published: February 2025

The topic of appropriateness was defined as the new frontier of development of health interventions. RH Brook in an Editorial published in the BMJ in 1994 defines the appropriateness"... an intervention for which the expected benefits are greater (with a sufficient margin) the possible negative consequences ... excluding economic considerations". In workplaces the goal of appropriateness should cover not only the actions of health surveillance and health protocols, but also and primarily all stages of the risk assessment process. Only through an assessment of occupational risks that aims to identify, evaluate and measure the real professional risk factors in specific working environments, it is possible to meet the requirements of effectiveness, efficiency and protection of ethical principles in the identification of priorities (according to values of person, community and society) that represent the size of the appropriateness of an intervention. At the same time, the risk assessment should provide to the occupational pyisician instruments to study with scientific, justifiable and reproducible criteria the possible correlation between damage to the worker's health and the occupational risk factors.In the process of reporting of suspected technopathy, both for prevention purposes (according to art. 139 of Presidential Decree 1165/68, art. 10 of Legislative Decree 38/00 and DM 10 June 2014), both for insurance purposes (according to art. 53 of Presidential Decree 1165/68 and Ministerial Decree 9 April 2008), it should be considered two indispensable judgment elements to study the correlation between the disease and the work: on the one hand the level (measured or estimated) of the occupational risk factors; on the other hand the appropriateness of the risks assessment compared to the best and most current scientific evidence (Evidence Based Medicine - EBM), according to technical standards and specific guidelines.Our study underlines the importance of appropriateness in the risk assessment process to analyze the correlation between the exposure to specific occupational hazards and the suspected technopathy.
How does Ramsar work? The case of Ndumo Game Reserve
Authors: Pooley Simon P.
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
The expatriate entrepreneur: Drivers to migrate to South Africa
Authors: Mathe Sibahle K. , Maharaj Ashika
Published: February 2025

Orientation: Expatriate entrepreneurs (EEs) willingly seek to relocate abroad independently and belong to the self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) group. They possess the classic behavioural characteristics of entrepreneurs, have the propensity to embrace risk and uncertainty and have high self-efficacy and control while seeking opportunities to initiate business development.Research purpose: This study explores the drivers behind EEs’ decisions to migrate to South Africa.Motivation for the study: The global demand for talent remains the most crucial issue facing many countries. South Africa must attract EE’s to grow the economy as they will start their businesses and provide employment.Research approach/design and method: The research philosophy used in the study was interpretivism. A qualitative methodology adopting snowball sampling was used to identify focus groups, as no reliable records existed. Thematic analysis was adopted to analyse the data collected.Main findings: Drivers to migrate included infrastructure development, business and trade, education, family problems, political instability and the desire to travel abroad.Practical/managerial implications: Expatriate entrepreneurs should acquire the knowledge and understanding of the local culture to help them integrate into South African society. Expatriate entrepreneurs and their families should be willing to learn and speak the local dialects, especially isiXhosa and isiZulu. The Department of Home Affairs needs to make the acquisition of permits and visas less problematic.Contribution/value-add: The study examines EEs who choose to live and start their own businesses abroad by exploring the drivers behind North-South mobility on the African continent.
Assessment of Cranial Spread of Two Different Volumes of Local Anesthetics Using Ultrasound during Caudal Blockade in Children
Authors: Thaleppady Megha , John Nithin , Kulkarni Malavika , Rani K. Rama , Satish Aparna , Shenoy Laxmi
Published: February 2025

Background and Aims:

Single-shot caudal anesthesia is the most commonly used regional anesthesia technique in children with broad spectrum of indications. Although several studies have been in relation to caudal anesthesia the issue of volume of local anesthetics and its cranial spread has always been a matter of debate with discrepancies noted between clinical assessment and radiographic spread of the drug. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cranial spread of two volumes of caudally administered local anesthetics in pediatric patients by means of real-time ultrasound.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty children of 1–6 years of age belonging to American Society of Anesthesiologists status I/II scheduled for infraumbilical surgeries were administered general anesthesia followed by ultrasound guided caudal anesthesia with 0.25% levobupivacaine, either 1 ml/kg or 0.75 ml/kg with 25 children in each group. Real-time placement of the drug and its maximum cranial spread with respect to T12 vertebrae was noted using ultrasound. Hemodynamic parameters on surgical incision was noted among the groups. Frequencies are presented with descriptive statistics and t-test is used to study difference between the two groups.

Results:

It was noted that the group receiving 0.75 ml/kg of drug had the drug spread between the L2 and L3 vertebral level and the group receiving 1 ml/kg had spread between L1 and L2. There was a positive correlation between dose of drug and distance from T12 vertebra with 1 ml/kg of the drug having a mean of 3.25 ± 1.07 cm whereas 0.75 ml/kg had a mean of 4.44 ± 0.87 cm (P = 0.0001). Patient demographics and hemodynamic parameters on incision were comparable among the groups.

Conclusion:

This study showed that there was a positive correlation between volume of local anesthetic injected in caudal space and its cranial spread with respect to distance from T12 however on comparison between vertebral levels the maximum deposition of local anesthetic was between L1 and L2 for 1 ml/kg and between L2 and L3 for 0.75 ml/kg, respectively.
Improving Outcomes for PHACES Syndrome: A Case Series of Successful Oral Propranolol Treatment in Indian Infants
Authors: Mendiratta Vibhu , Bansal Aanchal , Meena Amit Kumar , Malik Shalini , Raika Jayanthi
Published: February 2025

PHACES (posterior fossa anomalies, haemangioma, arterial anomalies, cardiac abnormalities/coarctation of aorta, eye anomalies, sternal pits/supraumbilical raphe) is a neurocutaneous syndrome characterised by large infantile haemangioma (IH) of the face, neck and scalp that is associated with multiple developmental anomalies. There are several controversies regarding the use of propranolol in PHACES syndrome patients who have arterial disease due to the risk of cerebrovascular accidents. We hereby report the successful treatment of two Indian infants with PHACES without any long-term complications with the oral propranolol.
Necrobiosis Lipoidica - A Cutaneous Clue for Diabetes in Children
Authors: Uikey Deepika , Thekho Apaopa Jemima , Godara Anmol
Published: February 2025

Necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) is an uncommon chronic granulomatous dermatosis seen in women aged 30–40 years old. It is commonly associated with diabetes mellitus. It may present before, concurrently, or after the onset of diabetes. The occurrence of NL in children is quite rare, with only a few reported cases. We present a case of a 6-year-old girl where this cutaneous diagnosis raised a suspicion of type 1 diabetes mellitus and guided its subsequent management.
Pediatric IOL power calculation: Factors and considerations
Authors: Rathod Aishwarya , Khokhar Sudarshan , Rani Deeksha
Published: February 2025

This narrative review aims to compare and document various studies on pediatric intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation, highlighting the differences from adult IOL power calculations and assessing the need for accurate ophthalmic biometry and targeted refraction to improve visual outcomes and reduce amblyopia risk. A comprehensive search of the PubMed database was conducted using keywords such as “pediatric cataract surgery,” “IOL power calculation,” “ocular biometry,” and “IOL formulas.” Relevant articles were identified by evaluating titles and abstracts, followed by full-text examination. References were reviewed for thorough coverage. Pediatric eyes pose unique challenges for IOL power calculation due to smaller size, changing axial length, and corneal curvature. Accurate biometry, particularly axial length and keratometry, is crucial. Studies comparing IOL formulas, primarily developed for adults, show varying prediction errors in pediatric cases. Newer-generation formulas such as Barrett’s Universal II and Kane demonstrate superior accuracy compared to older formulas (e.g., SRK/T). Undercorrection strategies account for myopic shifts due to eye growth, but consensus on the best formula and target refraction is lacking. Premium IOLs, such as multifocal and toric, offer benefits but require further long-term evaluation. Accurate IOL power calculation is critical for optimal visual outcomes in pediatric cataract surgery. While newer IOL formulas show promise, the unpredictable nature of eye growth and myopic shifts complicates long-term predictions. Premium IOLs offer potential advantages but necessitate careful consideration. Continuous advancements in IOL technology and personalized approaches to target refraction are essential to improve the quality of life of pediatric patients.
Cataract surgery with coexisting corneal degeneration
Authors: Jhori Aditi , Bhargava Mona , Bera Debasmita
Published: February 2025

Background:

Corneal degenerations is an all-inclusive term encompassing a broad spectrum of entities that result from physiological changes secondary to aging, as sequelae to environmental insult, or as an ocular manifestation of systemic diseases or long-standing local inflammation. They are often peripheral and eccentric. They may result in vision loss, ocular pain, and reduced depth perception, and limit patient’s ability to focus well. Degenerations are mostly sporadic and manifest late in life, thus highlighting their coexistence when dealing with cataract surgeries in the concomitant settings of corneal degenerations.

Purpose:

Cataract with coexisting corneal degeneration poses certain unique challenges.

Synopsis:

In this video, we have highlighted the challenges of cataract surgery in a patient with Terrien’s marginal degenerations and Salzman nodular degenerations. Preoperative management, evaluation, intraocular lens power calculation, and postoperative outcome in cases with coexisting diseases along with case-based examples are presented.

Highlights:

In patients of cataract with coexisting corneal degenerations, the critical point is to ensure that the corneal findings are relatively stable. Any surgical planning is quickly invalidated if the disease is actively progressing. It is important to consider location of wound placement and optimization of surgical view in these patients undergoing cataract surgery. Visual prognosis is good, but regular monitoring is required. These cases highlight the importance of addressing the refractive sequelae of coexisting corneal degenerations when planning cataract surgery, to ensure minimal postoperative astigmatism and achieve favorable outcomes.

Video link:

https://youtu.be/JONMwZiKxMs
Hydrophilicity and Dimensional Accuracy of a New Vinyl Polysiloxane Impression Material: An Experimental Study
Authors: Ling Long , Lai Theresa , Malyala Raj
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim:

Higher hydrophilicity and dimensional accuracy can contribute to better accuracy of impression to ensure the clinical success of restoration fabrication. We aimed to investigate the hydrophilicity and dimensional accuracy of a newly formulated vinyl polysiloxane (VPS) impression material and compare that with those of eight other commercially available VPS impression materials.

Materials and Methods:

The experimental VPS impression material was formulated by our proprietary resin and filler technologies. Capture (S&C Polymer), Express, Imprint 3 and Imprint 4 (3M ESPE), Start VPS (Danville), Honigum (DMG), Virtual (Ivoclar Vivadent), and Elite HD+ (Zhermack) were selected for comparison. The hydrophilicity was characterized by the contact angle (thickness × diameter = 2 × 20 mm, n = 5) that was measured using an Ossila contact angle goniometer. The dimensional accuracy was determined by measuring the linear dimensional change (thickness × diameter = 3 × 30 mm, n = 5) according to ISO 4823:2021. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey tests (P < 0.05).

Results:

The initial contact angles of Experimental are significantly lower than or similar to those of most impression materials for both light body and heavy body. However, Experimental showed significantly lower contact angle than other impression materials except statistically equivalent to Imprint 3, Imprint 4 at 10 sec and 30 sec and Virtual at 10 sec for light body, and significantly lower than most impression materials except higher than Imprint 4 at 10 sec and statistically equivalent to Imprint 4 at 30 sec for heavy body. Experimental exhibited significantly lower dimensional change than or like other impression materials at the beginning, 24 h. 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks for both light body and heavy body.

Conclusion:

The experimental VPS impression material displayed higher hydrophilicity and higher dimensional accuracy and stability compared to those of most commercially available VPS impression materials and is good to use in the fabrication of restorations for accurate impressions.
Effectiveness of a Tactile Graphic Book with Braille and Audio in Reducing Dental Anxiety during Sealant Application among Visually Impaired Students (8–17 Years): A Matched Pair Cluster-Randomized Study
Authors: Pituvong Pitchaporn , Prapansilp Woranun , Asvanund Yuwadee , Rirattanapong Praphasri
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim:

To evaluate the effectiveness of a tactile graphic book with braille and audio (TBA) in reducing dental anxiety among visually impaired students.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 72 visually impaired students (8–17 years old) were assigned to intervention (preparation with tactile graphic book) or control (no preparation) groups using matched pair cluster randomization. Dental sealants were provided using the Tell-Feel-Do technique. Knowledge was assessed using the Dental Preoperative Information Test (DIT). Anxiety was measured using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), heart rate (HR), and Venham’s Anxiety Rating Scale (VARS). Statistical analyses employed were Chi-square, t test, Fisher–Freeman–Halton exact test, Mann–Whitney U test, repeated measure analysis of variance, and Friedman test.

Results:

The intervention group showed significantly lower anxiety levels, with reduced MDAS scores at predental treatment (P = 0.039) and postdental treatment (P = 0.003). The control group experienced a significant HR increase from predental treatment to sitting on the dental unit (P = 0.009), whereas the intervention group did not show this significant change. VARS scores were not significantly different between groups (P = 0.926). The intervention group also demonstrated significantly higher DIT scores (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

A TBA effectively reduced dental anxiety among visually impaired students, offering a promising approach for enhancing dental experiences in this population.
Validation of Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD-14) in Peruvian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Evaristo-Chiyong Teresa A. , Mattos-Vela Manuel A. , Gómez-Meza Dora N. , Lamas-Lara Victor F. , Rodríguez-Vargas Martha C. , Agudelo-Suárez Andrés A.
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim:

The Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD)-14 instrument was developed as a concise tool for assessing oral health literacy. However, its psychometric properties have not been validated in the Peruvian context. This study aims to adapt and validate the short version of the HeLD-14 instrument for the Peruvian adult population.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 adults aged 18–83 years from three healthcare centers in Lima, Peru. The HeLD-14 was translated, back-translated, and piloted to ensure clarity. Psychometric properties were assessed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM). Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach α and y Omega de McDonald. The test–retest reliability was evaluated in a subsample of 34 participants with a 15-day interval. Data were analyzed using R v4.4.1 and AMOS 24.0.

Results:

The HeLD-14 demonstrated strong psychometric properties. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value was 0.804, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant (χ
2 = 3152; P < 0.001). Cronbach α for internal consistency was 0.913. The test–retest reliability showed a moderate correlation (ρ = 0.666; P < 0.001). CFA results confirmed the multidimensional structure of the instrument, with all factor loadings exceeding 0.40 and P value < 0.001. SEM indicated strong and significant relationships between oral health literacy and its seven dimensions (standardized loadings: 0.33–0.69).

Conclusion:

The HeLD-14 instrument is a valid and reliable tool for assessing oral health literacy in Peruvian adults. Its simplicity and robustness make it suitable for application in research and public healthcare interventions. Future studies should explore its application in diverse Peruvian populations and its predictive value for oral health outcomes.
Relationship between Mediotrusive Occlusal Contacts and Temporomandibular Disorders in Young Adults without Psychosocial Disorders: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Mendoza-Martiarena Yens , Paredes-Coz Gerson , Alvarado-Menacho Sergio , Watanabe-Velásquez Romel
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim:

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are multifactorial pathologies often associated with pain, muscle dysfunction, and joint alterations. Mediotrusive (MT) occlusal contacts have been implicated in TMDs due to their potential to alter mandibular biomechanics and masticatory patterns. However, the strength of this association, especially in individuals without psychosocial disorders, remains unclear. The aim was to investigate the relationship between MT occlusal contacts and acute TMDs symptomatology in young adults without psychosocial disorders.

Materials and Methods:

This case-control study included 116 university students aged 18–30 years, divided into cases (n = 58) with TMDs and controls (n = 58) without TMDs. The Diagnostic Criteria for TMDs were used for diagnosis. MT occlusal contacts were evaluated using 12 µm Arti-Fol tape. Guided lateral mandibular movements were performed to assess their role in TMD symptomatology. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression, were conducted to assess the association between MT contacts and TMDs, adjusting for confounders such as age, gender, angle classification, and retruded contact position to maximum intercuspation (RCP-MI) discrepancies ≥2 mm. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

MT occlusal contacts were significantly associated with TMDs (P = 0.003). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for individuals with MT occlusal contacts was 3.70 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.58–8.66). This association was strongest at short lateral movement trajectories, particularly at 0.5 mm (P = 0.013, OR=2.63) and 1 mm (P = 0.002, OR=4.56). Class II malocclusion and RCP-MI discrepancies ≥2 mm were also significantly associated with TMDs in adjusted models.

Conclusion:

MT occlusal contacts are associated with acute TMDs symptomatology in young adults without psychosocial disorders, particularly during short lateral mandibular movements. However, their predictive value is low, and adaptive mechanisms likely mitigate their long-term effects. This study does not support routine occlusal therapy for managing these contacts in TMD patients. Future longitudinal research should explore chronicity, digital methods for occlusal recording, and the interplay between MT contacts and other etiological factors.
Antimicrobial Effect of Three Different Nanoparticles-Modified 3D-Printed Denture Resin: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Abd Elhamid Abo Salh Islam Basuny , Add El-Salam Emad Boriqaa , Ezzat Amgad A. , Aboshama Mohamed , Elhagali Ahmed Fathey
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim:

This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of adding zirconia nanoparticles (NPs; ZrO2NPs), silver NPs (AgNPs), and titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2NPs) in various concentrations to three-dimensional (3D)-printed denture resin against Candida Albicans, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus, this study was carried out.

Materials and Methods:

The antimicrobial efficacy of 150 disk-shaped specimens with a diameter of 15 mm × 2 mm of unmodified (n = 15) and modified (n = 135) 3D-printed denture resin specimens after the addition of silanated ZrO2NPs, AgNPs, or TiO2NPs (n = 45) in varying concentrations (n = 15) of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% were compared using three oral bacteria (S.pyogenes, S. aureus, and C. albicans) as test subjects. Antimicrobial activity was tested by disk diffusion methods.

Results:

According to the results, when the three tested NPs (ZrO2NPs, AgNPs, and TiO2NPs) were added, the bacterial count significantly decreased compared with the unmodified 3D-printed resin. Additionally, the findings showed that as the concentration of the studied NPs increased, so did their antibacterial activity. At 1.5% and 1% concentrations, the AgNPs’ antibacterial activity was negligible. However, the in vitro study’s findings showed that, in terms of the kinds of microorganisms studied, there were no appreciable variations between the three tested NPs.

Conclusion:

The inclusion of ZrO2NPs, AgNPs, and TiO2NPs significantly had antimicrobial action against (S. pyogenes, S. aureus, and C. albicans).
Comparative Analysis of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidine as Irrigants in Root Canal Therapy
Authors: Prasad L Karthik , Markan Sheenam , Suthar Mahishi G. , Samal Sweta , Yaser Almazyad , Mallikarjun Elaprolu , Patel Panthi
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Objective:

This research aims to analyze the antimicrobial efficacy of “sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)” and “chlorhexidine (CHX)” as canal irrigants, evaluating their effects on bacterial load during “Root canal treatment (RCT)”.

Materials and Methods:

In this randomized controlled trial, 80 subjects requiring RCT were included. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A received 2.5% NaOCl as the irrigant, while Group B received 2% CHX. Microbial samples were gathered from the root canals using sterile paper points both before and after irrigation. The bacterial load was evaluated by counting “colony-forming units (CFUs)” following bacterial culture. Statistical analyzes were conducted using paired t-tests and ANOVA, with a significance level of P < 0.05.

Results:

Both NaOCl and CHX demonstrated substantial reductions in the bacterial load within the canal system. Group A (NaOCl) achieved a post-irrigation mean CFU count of 1.9 million, reflecting a 96% reduction in bacterial load. Group B (CHX) recorded a mean CFU count of 6.7 million, corresponding to an 86% reduction. The difference in bacterial reduction between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01), indicating that NaOCl was more effective than CHX as an irrigant.

Conclusion:

Sodium hypochlorite proved to be more efficient than chlorhexidine in reducing microbial counts in root canals. While NaOCl appears to offer superior bacterial reduction, CHX, due to its substantivity and lower cytotoxicity, may still have valuable roles in particular clinical contexts.
Assessment of Oral Health Disparities and Barriers to Care among Underserved Populations in Urban and Rural Settings
Authors: Parmar Digvijaysinh , Sailo Jenny Lalmalsawmi , Sakhamuri Sahithya , Dalapati Chandan , Dutta Smita Durga , Arya Shivam , Dixit Heena
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Oral health disparities persist between urban and rural populations, particularly among underserved communities. Geographic isolation, financial constraints, and lack of access to dental services contribute significantly to these disparities. Rural populations often encounter greater barriers in accessing healthcare facilities, whereas urban underserved groups face challenges such as overburdened public health systems. This study aims to assess and compare the disparities in oral health outcomes and the barriers to care faced by underserved populations in both urban and rural settings.

Methods:

A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted using data from various peer-reviewed literature studies on oral health disparities among underserved urban and rural populations. Three parameters were evaluated: socioeconomic status, insurance coverage, and geographic access to dental services. The data were analyzed using Chi-square tests, with statistical significance determined at a P value of < 0.05.

Results:

Statistical analysis demonstrated significant disparities in oral health outcomes and access to care between urban and rural populations, with rural communities experiencing worse outcomes in terms of insurance coverage, income levels, and proximity to dental care facilities. Differences in oral health status, such as untreated dental caries and periodontal disease, were also significantly higher in rural populations compared to urban groups.

Conclusion:

Efforts to reduce oral health disparities must consider the unique challenges faced by both urban and rural underserved populations. Targeted public health interventions and policies that address geographic, financial, and systemic barriers to care are essential to improving oral health equity.
Stress among Doctors in the Emergency Department in the Medical City Baghdad, Iraq 2024
Authors: Abdulzahra Tammara Alaa , Karim Falah Hassan
Published: February 2025

Background:

Stress occurs when environmental demands exceed an individual’s adaptive capacity, resulting in biological and psychological changes

Aim of the Study:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of stress among doctors in the emergency department of medical city and to identify factors associated with stress

Subjects and Methods:

Convenience sampling was implemented. Questionnaires were implemented to inquire about the data of 348 medical professionals. The research was conducted in the emergency departments of Baghdad’s Medical City complex from October 1, 2023, to July 31, 2024, during working hours, which were predicated on 2–3 days per week

Results:

Out of 72.1% of the participants reported moderate stress levels, While 11.5% having low stress levels, and high perceived stress was noted in 16.4%. Risk factors for stress included sex, degree, and a specific designation. Males exhibited higher stress levels, which were statistically significant increase stress. Doctors with a board as a postgraduate degree and those with a specific designation demonstrated a significant association with high-stress levels. Marital status and ethnicity showed no association with stress levels. No significant association was observed between medical history and the levels of stress. There was no significant association between stress levels, work experience, and place of residence

Conclusion:

Nearly three-quarters of the physicians reported moderate levels of stress.
An Up-to-date Approach Using Machine Learning Methods in Fish Condition Factor Estimation
Authors: Mutlu Cengiz , Akkan Buse Eraslan
Published: February 2025

The present study aims to estimate the condition factor (CF) of mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus, Steindachner, 1868) by making use of three input parameters (length, weight, and sex) that the CF is related to. For this purpose, data were obtained from 866 mackerel fished in the Eastern Black Sea. In the present study, the estimation performances of Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Levenberg-Marquardt (LM), and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) models, among statistical instruments, were compared. Quality levels of the models were compared by making use of the coefficient of determination (R2), the root mean square of error (RMSE), and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) criteria. It was aimed to select the model, which yields the best estimation performance for length-weight relationships, by comparing the verification results. The results showed that the ANN trained with the GPR model yielded the highest accuracy. It was determined that the R2 of estimation results achieved using the GPR model was higher than 0.99 for all the parameters. Given these results, it can be concluded that the GPR model that is suggested here is a robust instrument to estimate CF at a high level of accuracy.
О минимальной реализации оператора совпадения булевых наборов
Authors: Red'kin Nikolay Petrovich
Published: February 2025

Исследуется сложность реализации оператора совпадения $R_n(\tilde x,\tilde y)$ двух $n$-разрядных булевых наборов $\tilde x=(x_1,…,x_n)$ и $\tilde y=(y_1,…,y_n)$, который обращается в единицу тогда и только тогда, когда $\tilde x=\tilde y$. Устанавливается, что минимальная схема из функциональных элементов для $R_n(\tilde x,\tilde y)$ в базисе $\{x&y,\overline x\}$ содержит $8n-1$ элементов.
Класс дискретных функций, построенных по нескольким линейным рекуррентам над примарным кольцом вычетов
Authors: Kamlovskii Oleg Vital'evich , Pankov Konstantin Nikolaevich
Published: February 2025

В работе изучается класс функций над конечным простым полем, построенных по нескольким линейным рекуррентным последовательностям над примарным кольцом вычетов. Для этого класса исследуются близость функций к классу всех аффинных функций и мощности прообразов элементов при действии функций. Показано, что указанный класс состоит из функций, значительно удаленных от класса всех аффинных функций.
Оценка кривизны функции выделения разряда в двоичном представлении числа
Authors: Tissin Aleksandr Sergeevich , Kuz'min Sergei Alekseevich
Published: February 2025

Рассматривается функция $\varphi_{t}$ выделения $t$-го разряда в двоичном представлении элементов кольца $\mathbb{Z}_n$ вычетов по модулю $n$. Для нее приводится оценка кривизны при нечетном $n$ для граничных случаев $t$ и для всех разрядов $t$ при $n=2^{k+1} - 1$ или $n=2^{k} + 1$. Данные результаты применяются к оценкам частотных характеристик последовательностей, вырабатываемых алгоритмом поточного шифрования ZUC.
Elementy duchowości Najświętszego Serca Jezusowego w twórczości bł. Wilhelma z Saint-Thierry
Authors: Poleszak Leszek
Published: February 2025

Średniowieczna duchowość monastyczna w charakterystyczny dla siebie sposób ukazuje miłość Boga do człowieka. Do przedstawicieli tej tradycji teologicznej należy bł. Wilhelm z Saint-Thierry. Artykuł ma na celu ukazanie myśli tego teologa i mistyka w aspekcie duchowości Najświętszego Serca Jezusowego oraz wskazanie jego wpływu na rozwój tego kultu. Przedstawienie piękna myśli i języka tego „piewcy miłości Bożej” stanowi także zachętę do pogłębiania jego doktryny duchowej, zmierzającej do poznania Jezusa Chrystusa i do zjednoczenia z Nim w miłości.
The effect of visual narrative language of color codes in Youssef Chahine’s cinema
Authors: Mahrous Mariam , Parsa Alev , As Elçin
Published: February 2025

This study explore the ways in which Egyptian director Youssef Chahine employed colors within the narrative of his films, influenced by historical, religious, and cultural factors. The main purpose of the study is to shed light on the significance of colors and their symbolism in any cinematic work, due to its impact on the viewer’s emotions and perception of a film, as well as its ability to enhance the aesthetics of the cinematic imagery. In this context, two different films of Chahine, Al Nasser Salah Al-din (Saladin the Victorious, 1963) and Al-Massir (Destiny, 1997), which were shot in different periods, were selected. In study uses Roland Barthes’ semiological approach as a to analyze the denotational and connotational meanings of color in selected films. This analysis reveals the significance of color in Chahine’s films and how color symbolism is employed to convey the director’s ideas and depict their distinctive visual style.
Bilinci canlandırmak: Animasyon belgesellerde fenomenal bilincin somutlaştırılması
Authors: Özbulduk Kılıç Işkın
Published: February 2025

Bu çalışmada, animasyon belgesellerin bireysel bilinç ve öznel gerçeklik algısını dönüştürme kapasitesi incelenmektedir. Araştırma kapsamında, Chris Landreth’in 2004 yapımı Ryan filmi, fenomenal bilincin somutlaşması bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Film, karakterlerin içsel dünyalarını yansıtan fiziksel deformasyonların animasyon yoluyla somutlaştırılmasını ele alan içerikler görsel analiz ve yorumlayıcı içerik analiz teknikleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada, animasyonun belgesel sinemada bireysel deneyimlerin daha derinlemesine ve empati kurularak anlaşılmasına olanak tanıyan yaratıcı bir araç olduğu savunulmaktadır. Bulgular, animasyon belgesellerin, izleyicinin fenomenal bilinç ve öznel deneyimlere dair algılarını derinleştirerek belgesel estetiğine yenilikçi bir bakış açısı sunma potansiyeli taşıdıklarını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, animasyon belgesellerin hem gerçekliği hem de bireysel bilinç ve deneyimleri etkileyici bir biçimde görünür kılabileceği ve izleyiciye çok katmanlı bir deneyim sunabileceği ortaya konulmuştur.
The statistical ensemble of q-deformed hyperbolic modified P\"oschl-Teller potential for certain diatomic molecules through Euler-Maclaurin approach
Authors: Olusesi O. J. , Oyewumi K. J. , Yahya W. A.
Published: February 2025

The statistical properties are essentially needed to understand the macroscopic behaviours of atomic molecules, which is a crucial aspect of physics and chemistry research. In this work, q-deformed hyperbolic modified P\"oschl-teller was used to obtain the statistical properties of $\mathrm{H_{2}}$, $\mathrm{HCl}$, $\mathrm{LiH}$, and $\mathrm{CO}$ using the energy eigenvalues that were gotten from the potential. The Nikiforov-Uvarov approach was used to elucidate the Schr\"odinger equation using the potential, while the partition functions were obtained through the Euler-MacLaurin technique. The result shows that both the partition functions and each of the statistical properties increase with an increase in the Boltzmann factor. The analytical results of vibrational internal energy, vibrational entropy, vibrational free energy, and vibrational specific heat capacity were obtained for the limit $0<q\leq 1$. The study comes up with a new way to predict how potential deformation will affect the thermodynamic properties of diatomic molecules and the existence critical temperature which explain the phase transition of the diatomic particles. It also gives us useful information about the statistical properties of diatomic molecules, which helps us understand how they behave at the macro level. This is a big step forward for molecular physics.
Sistem Notifikasi Keamanan & Kontrol Kendaraan Berbasis Arduino Dan Gps Dengan Deteksi Getaran
Authors: Abidin Abidin , Wasid Asep
Published: February 2025

Keamanan kendaraan merupakan aspek penting dalam kehidupan modern, terutama dengan meningkatnya angka pencurian kendaraan. Teknologi berbasis Arduino telah menjadi solusi inovatif untuk menciptakan sistem keamanan yang efisien, terjangkau, dan dapat disesuaikan. Artikel ini membahas pengembangan sistem keamanan dan deteksi kendaraan berbasis Arduino, mencakup perancangan perangkat keras, perangkat lunak, dan integrasi berbagai sensor. Dalam melakukan penelitian ini, jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantatif dengan metode eksperimental. Selain itu, pembuatan sistem yang akan dibangun menggunakan metode perancangan. Adapun tahapan tahapan dalam sistem ini adalah menggambarkan flowmap yang sedang berjalan kemudian merancang flowchart dan blok digram untuk gambaran atau alur kerja sistem yang akan dibuat dan diuji menggunakan metode pengujian onsite. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dihasilkannya sebuah alat sistem keamanan berbasis Arduino yang dilengkapi dengan kemampuan deteksi getaran, pelacakan lokasi menggunakan GPS, dan pengiriman notifikasi melalui SMS serta panggilan telepon berbasis arduino uno sebagai input/output data yang akan di proses dan gps tracking untuk memberikan informasi lokasi terakhir kendaraan bermotor dan dapat mengontrol jarak jauh dengan menggunakan sms. Dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti alat ini berfungsi dengan baik dan mampu mengatasi permasalahan yang selama ini dialami pengguna kendaraan bermotor. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi pada pengembangan sistem keamanan yang lebih canggih dan mudah diimplementasikan. Artikel ini membahas implementasi sistem keamanan berbasis Arduino yang mampu memberikan notifikasi melalui SMS dan panggilan telepon ketika kendaraan mengalami pergeseran. Sistem ini memanfaatkan sensor getar untuk mendeteksi aktivitas mencurigakan, modul GPS untuk melacak lokasi kendaraan, dan modul GSM untuk mengirimkan notifikasi. kemudian mengaktifkan alarm dan mengirimkan koordinat lokasi kendaraan kepada pemiliknya Dengan menggunakan teknologi ini, diharapkan tingkat keamanan kendaraan dapat ditingkatkan secara signifikan.
Strategi Reformasi Birokrasi Di Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Indramayu
Authors: Fitria Dwi Meilisa , Permana Ipik , Prayitno Arief
Published: February 2025

Keterbatasan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dan kompeten menjadi hambatan. Banyak pegawai yang belum memiliki keterampilan yang memadai untuk mendukung reformasi birokrasi yang berbasis teknologi informasi dan manajemen modern. Budaya kerja yang cenderung statis dan kurang inovatif seringkali menghambat penerapan perubahan. Resistensi terhadap perubahan dari dalam organisasi merupakan masalah utama yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi reformasi birokrasi yang diterapkan di Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kabupaten Indramayu, dengan menggunakan teori reformasi birokrasi dari Sedarmayanti sebagai dasar analisis. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun semua dimensi reformasi birokrasi telah diterapkan, implementasinya belum optimal. Dimensi pertama, pembaharuan mind set dan culture set, telah dilaksanakan melalui pemberian tunjangan kinerja dan kegiatan evaluasi serta sharing knowledge, namun hasilnya kurang maksimal karena penilaian kinerja dianggap tidak objektif dan kurangnya antusiasme pegawai. Dimensi kedua, internalisasi prinsip tata kepemerintahan yang baik, terlaksana melalui partisipasi dalam webinar, namun masih kurang efektif karena kurangnya pelaksanaan mandiri di BPS Kabupaten Indramayu. Dimensi sistem manajemen pemerintahan di BPS Kabupaten Indramayu lebih bersifat pelaksanaan kebijakan, mengikuti aturan yang ditetapkan oleh BPS pusat. Dalam strategi penataan sumber daya manusia, terdapat upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas SDM melalui perencanaan kebutuhan SDM yang tepat, pelatihan, penerapan sistem kinerja transparan, penguatan budaya organisasi, rotasi dan mutasi, serta pemanfaatan teknologi informasi. Namun, tantangan terbesar tetap pada optimalisasi pelaksanaan strategi tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun ada kemajuan, BPS Kabupaten Indramayu masih perlu memperbaiki pelaksanaan reformasi untuk mencapai hasil yang lebih optimal.
Kompetensi Pegawai Pada Pusat Pengelolaan Pendapatan Daerah Wilayah Kota Cirebon
Authors: Suhenda Enda , Hidayat Moh.Taufik , Permana Ipik
Published: February 2025

Kompetensi pegawai di sektor publik memegang peranan penting dalam meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi pelayanan publik. Salah satu instansi yang berfokus pada pengelolaan pendapatan daerah adalah Pusat Pengelolaan Pendapatan Daerah Wilayah (P3DW) Kota Cirebon. Namun, kompetensi pegawai di P3DW Kota Cirebon belum optimal, khususnya dalam hal keterampilan teknis dan soft skills yang diperlukan untuk menjalankan tugas-tugas administrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kompetensi pegawai P3DW Kota Cirebon, hambatan yang dihadapi, dan upaya-upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik triangulasi untuk memastikan validitas data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi pegawai belum optimal, terlihat dari kurangnya keterampilan dalam penghitungan dan penetapan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor (PKB) serta Bea Balik Nama Kendaraan Bermotor (BBNKB), serta kurang efektifnya komunikasi dan kolaborasi antar instansi. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya peningkatan pelatihan teknis, pengembangan soft skills, dan kolaborasi antar instansi untuk meningkatkan kualitas kompetensi pegawai dan pelayanan publik di P3DW Kota Cirebon.
Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Return On Assets Dan Leverage Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak pada Perusahaan Sektor Barang Konsumsi Periode 2019-2023
Authors: Wijaya Charoline , Pratama Ayang , Lubis Yeti Meliany
Published: February 2025

Penghindaran pajak mengacu pada pengelolaan strategis kewajiban pajak dengan menghindari transaksi kena pajak. Di Indonesia, peningkatan penerimaan pajak penuh dengan tantangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis dampak faktor- faktor seperti Ukuran Perusahaan, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Pengembalian Aset, dan Leverage terhadap Penghindaran Pajak dalam Sektor Barang Konsumsi dari tahun 2019 hingga 2023. Dengan menggunakan metodologi penelitian kuantitatif, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan eksplanatif. Populasi yang diteliti mencakup semua perusahaan di Sektor Barang Konsumsi selama periode yang ditentukan, sedangkan sampel terdiri dari 18 perusahaan yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian uji f dimana fhitung 2,97 > ftabel 2,48 dengan tingkat signifikan < 0,05 yang disimpulkan bahwa Ukuran Perusahaan, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Return on Assets dan Leverage secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap Penghindaran Pajak. Hasil penelitian uji t dimana hanya Return on Assets yang memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Penghindaran Pajak dan sisanya Ukuran Perusahaan, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, dan Leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap Penghindaran Pajak. Hasil analisis koefisien determinasi diperoleh nilai Adjusted R2 sebesar 0,111, artinya variasi variabel Ukuran Perusahaan, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Return on Assets dan Leverage adalah sebesar 11.1%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 88.9% dijelaskan oleh variabel lainnya.