bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Re-learning hope: On alienation, theory and the ‘death’ of universities
Authors: Gibb Robert
Published: October 2024

Informed by Irving Horowitz’s view of the Festschrift, this article adopts both a retrospective and a prospective approach to the work of the sociologist Bridget Fowler. On the one hand, it assesses some of the key characteristics and contributions of her three single-authored books: The Alienated Reader: Women and Popular Romantic Literature in the Twentieth Century (1991), Pierre Bourdieu and Cultural Theory (1997) and The Obituary as Collective Memory (2007). On the other, it takes cues from these books to develop a more forward-looking type of reflection that connects some recent sociological and anthropological research on ‘the neoliberal university’ to writing about hope and utopia. The article emphasises that Fowler is attentive not only to processes of social reproduction but also to what John Holloway terms ‘cracks in the texture of domination’, that is, to examples of freedom, resistance and the imagination of alternatives in popular culture and elsewhere. At the same time, it shows how thinking about utopia and hope can contribute to debates about ‘the alienated academic’ and the ‘death’ of universities. The article concludes that Fowler’s sociology is, alongside its many other qualities, a valuable contribution to ‘re-learning hope’, arguably one of the most important challenges facing us today.
Reconversion or Exclusion? The Effects of Blue Economy Policies on Semi-industrial and Artisanal Fishing in Puntarenas, Costa Rica
Authors: Obando Campos Alexa , Latorre Sara
Published: October 2024

Although trawling stopped definitively in 2019 in Costa Rica, there is an ongoing debate regarding the broader policies derived from the Blue Economy. These have focused on the productive conversion of the fleet (salaried fishers) toward more profitable activities related to tuna fishing, aquaculture, and tourism. This paper takes a political economy approach to oceans and livelihoods, analyzing how the Blue Economy agenda has been implemented in Costa Rica, and what effects this is having on semi-industrial and artisanal fisherpeople in Puntarenas communities. We seek to contribute to critical studies of marine-coastal development and its social consequences in relation to environmental (in)justices in Central America, an underexplored topic in the region.

A pesar de que la pesquería de arrastre tuvo su cierre definitivo en el 2019 en Costa Rica, el debate sigue presente y relacionado con las políticas más amplias derivadas de la economía azul. Éstas se han venido centrando en la reconversión productiva de la flota -los pescadores asalariados - hacia actividades más rentables, relacionadas con la pesca de atún, la acuicultura y el turismo. Este artículo a través de los enfoques de economía política de los océanos y medios de vida, analiza cómo la agenda de economía azul se materializa en Costa Rica a través de estas políticas, y qué efectos está teniendo en los pescadores semi-industriales y artesanales de comunidades de Puntarenas. Con ello, se busca contribuir a los estudios críticos de desarrollo marino-costero y a las consecuencias sociales en términos de (in)justicias ambientales en Centroamérica, un ámbito poco explorado en la región.
Indigenous Autonomies in Latin America in the Face of Contemporary Capitalism: Overview, Perspectives and Dilemmas, Part 1
Authors: Martínez Navarrete Edgars , Stahler-Sholk Richard
Published: October 2024

The contemporary phase of capitalism has led to an intensification of the process of “accumulation by dispossession,” which entails a growing conflict between territorial displacement and indigenous resistances. These conflicts manifest in projects for autonomy that take on diverse forms. Here, we address the origins of these various concepts of autonomy while focusing on their corresponding dilemmas and strategic choices across different historical contexts. Finally, we look at the examples of Zapatista autonomy in Mexico, the experiences of the Purépecha community of Cherán, and the Mapuche struggle in Wallmapu/Chile, three distinct models where organizational processes themselves forge new collective subjectivities meant to confront neoliberal capitalist dispossession.

La fase contemporánea del capitalismo ha generado una intensificación del proceso de “acumulación por desposesión,” lo cual implica crecientes conflictos entre el despojo territorial y las resistencias indígenas. Éstas se manifiestan en formas diversas de proyectos de autonomía. Analizamos el origen de las variantes del concepto de autonomía, enfocando en sus correspondientes dilemas y sus opciones estratégicas en diversos contextos históricos. Finalmente, consideramos las experiencias de la autonomía zapatista, la comunidad purépecha de Cherán, y la lucha mapuche en Wallmapu/Chile, tres modelos distintos en donde el propio proceso organizativo forja nuevas subjetividades colectivas para enfrentar el despojo del capitalismo neoliberal.
Barrier function–based adaptive STSMC for steering feel feedback of SBW vehicle with uncertainty
Authors: Zhou Guan , Jin Yutao , Fang Zihao , Wang Yuanlong
Published: October 2024

As an essential component of human–computer interaction in steer-by-wire (SBW) vehicles, the steering feel feedback system provides drivers with accurate steering feel by precisely controlling the output torque of the steering feel motor. Meanwhile, the existence of uncertainties makes the accurate control of steering feel feedback torque become an acknowledged challenging issue. This article proposes an adaptive super-torque sliding mode control strategy based on barrier functions for the steering feel feedback system of SBW vehicles with highly complex dynamics in the presence of uncertainties. First, to achieve intelligent modeling under the influence of uncertainty factors, a dynamic system with unknown uncertainty based on adaptive fuzzy logic system (FLS) is proposed. In the framework of this model, the uncertainty factors introduced by unknown external disturbance, parameter uncertainty, and model couplings are considered as a lumped uncertainty function. Furthermore, the membership functions of the FLS are dynamically adjusted based on nearest neighbor clustering, aiming to enhance the modeling accuracy beyond traditional fuzzy modeling. To further offset the system uncertainty and FLS approximation error, an adaptive super-twisting sliding mode control (STSMC) method based on barrier function is proposed. This algorithm retains the advantages of traditional sliding mode control (SMC) methods in dealing with systems with uncertainty and eliminates the need for a priori knowledge of the upper bound of uncertainties by introducing the adaptive law based on barrier function, avoiding the use of complex identification algorithms. Moreover, it eliminates the gain of overestimation and significantly reduces chattering phenomenon in traditional sliding mode control. Finally, based on Lyapunov stability theory, this article proves the proposed system can achieve convergence within a finite time. Compared with STSMC, traditional SMC and proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control, the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method. The proposed strategy provides a new solution to reduce the steering feel feedback torque error under the influence of uncertain factors.
A self-adaptive fractional-order PID controller for the particle velocity regulation in a pneumatic conveying system
Authors: Abbas Faisal , Saleem Omer , Wang Lijuan , Yan Yong
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the methodical development of a state-error-driven self-adaptive fractional-order proportional–integral–derivative (AFOPID) control algorithm to efficiently regulate the velocity of pneumatically conveyed particles at the desired set point and to prevent the blockage of particles in a pipe due to an imbalanced combination of their velocity and corresponding mass flow rate. The proposed fractional control law is constituted by adaptively modulating fractional orders of the integral and differential operators in the control based on the state-error variations in the velocity of solid particles. The particle’s velocity is measured and updated via electrostatic sensors in conjunction with cross-correlation signal processing algorithms. All the other fixed hyper-parameters associated with the proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control scheme are meta-heuristically optimized by using a genetic algorithm. The proposed AFOPID is benchmarked against conventional integer-order PID and the fractional-order proportional–integral–derivative (FOPID) controllers. Experiments are performed on a laboratory-scale test rig to comparatively analyze the aforesaid control schemes, where each controller is examined for three velocity set points and three disturbance levels. The experimental results validate the superior time optimality and robustness of the proposed AFOPID controller against bounded disturbances and abrupt velocity set-point variations by manifesting relatively faster settling time, low overshoots (and undershoots), and smaller steady-state fluctuations.
Horner’s Syndrome as a Complication of Tonsillectomy: Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Alkheder Ahmad , Alhraki Hossam , Alahmad Vivian , Alsodi Zeina , Abdalkader Salah , Mohsen Adham Bader Aldeen
Published: October 2024

Horner’s syndrome, though very rare, is a recognized complication following tonsillectomy, as presented in this case report of a 4.5-year-old girl. She developed Horner’s syndrome after a tonsillectomy, which was performed using cold steel technique and bipolar diathermy for hemostasis. The patient exhibited symptoms such as ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis on the left side, detected following a secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage that required surgical intervention. No improvement in Horner’s syndrome was noted after 3 months. Our review of the literature revealed 15 documented cases of Horner’s syndrome as a complication of tonsillectomy, with an increase in recent years possibly due to the advancements in surgical techniques and heightened awareness of the condition. Interestingly, Horner’s syndrome occurred with a wide range of surgical methods, indicating that the etiology is likely multifactorial, involving factors such as surgical technique, anatomical variations, and the extent of cauterization. This report emphasizes the need for caution in the application of modern hemostatic techniques, advocating for a balanced approach that considers traditional methods like ligation and suturing, which may reduce the risk of such complications. Continuous reporting and further research are crucial to better understanding the mechanisms behind Horner’s syndrome following tonsillectomy and improving patient outcomes.
Understanding Mixed Reality Simulation as a Training Environment for Behavior and Special Education Knowledge and Skill Acquisition
Authors: Morris Chelsea T. , Perryman Twyla , Shahinuzzaman Md
Published: October 2024

Concerningly, pre-service teachers might utilize practices during practicum and student teaching experiences in ways that are less than satisfactory, or even harmful, to students, peers, or mentors. Mixed reality simulation (MRS), an educational tool for practicing teaching skills, may be a warranted approach to field experience that limits wrongdoing. However, few studies have researched the impact and meaningfulness of MRS teaching experiences. Therefore, this study combined both survey results and interview findings to report the extent to which MRS might improve the knowledge and skills of pre-service educators and whether MRS was considered an appropriate field experience alternative. Within one simulated scenario design, participants ( n = 94) were asked to engage five elementary-aged avatar students who presented challenging behaviors and asked questions or made comments about disability. Implications of findings are discussed in relation to mitigating common barriers of field experiences in higher education programs suggesting that, potentially, MRS may be an innovative way to respond to attrition concerns in the field of special education.
We are stronger when we are connected: Queer counterpublics and the Korean Queer Culture Festival
Authors: Kim Yeong Ran
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the emergence of queer counterpublics in South Korea through a case study on the opening ceremony of the Korean Queer Culture Festival (KQCF) in 2015. Due to an outbreak of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), the organizers live-streamed the event via YouTube instead of inviting the participants to the Seoul City Plaza, where they set up the stage. During the opening ceremony, social media platforms momentarily became alternative spaces for queers to interact with each other on a real-time basis. In analyzing a series of concerted actions, such as lining up in front of a police station for a permit, setting up a stage, writing a statement, shooting a video for broadcast, watching the event on YouTube, posting messages and pictures on social media, and exchanging messages with friends, I discuss how queer counterpublics emerge, contesting the heteronormative and heteropatriarchal public sphere in South Korea.
Collective and individual practices in popular music: Differences between semi-professionals and professionals in Austria and Germany
Authors: Schmidt Simon , Gruber Hans
Published: October 2024

Collective and individual practices are essential for popular music bands and their members when preparing for public performances. This study addresses the interplay of collective and individual practices in a sample of 82 members of semi-professional and professional popular music bands in Austria and Germany. Utilizing a structured questionnaire, practices were assessed within collective and individual practice contexts, and attributes and experiences pertinent to the current band and individual members were examined in terms of their reciprocal interplay, differences between semi-professionals and professionals, and relationships with the experience variables of groups and individuals. The results showed that collective and individual deliberate practices and the use of practice strategies were related in both practice contexts. Members of professional popular music bands invested significantly less time in collective practice for fun and significantly more time in individual deliberate practice. The results provide deeper insights into the interplay of collective and individual practices in music bands, the differences between semi-professional and professional practice designs, and the relevance of practice and professional experience for accomplishing professional music performance in general.
ChatGPT as a psychotherapist for anxiety disorders: An empirical study with anxiety patients
Authors: Alanzi Turki M , Alharthi Abdulaziz , Alrumman Sarah , Abanmi Sobhia , Jumah Ammar , Alansari Hatun , Alharthi Taif , Alibrahim Abdulrahman , Algethami Abdullah , Aburass Mishaal , Alshahrani Abdullah Mohammed , Alzahrani Shahad , Alotaibi Batool , Magadmi Talah , Almasodi Mohammed Saeed
Published: October 2024

Purpose: this study aims to investigate the role of ChatGPT as a psychotherapist for anxiety disorders, examining its effectiveness, acceptability, and potential benefits among individuals with anxiety disorders. Methods: a quasi-experimental design was adopted, involving a 4-week intervention where participants used ChatGPT as a therapeutic tool. The study included outpatients aged above 18 years from public hospitals in Saudi Arabia. A total of 399 participants completed a survey questionnaire that focused on their experiences with AI-based psychotherapy (six items), perceptions of ChatGPT (four items), and its role in different therapy modalities for anxiety management (seven items). Measures were taken to ensure the validity and reliability of responses by using Cronbach's alpha reliability testing (> 0.7), including the use of a translated and verified questionnaire. Results: majority received prior therapy (89.6%), reporting severe anxiety symptoms (36.1%). ChatGPT was widely used and perceived as accurate by 91.2% of users. Concerns included privacy (67.2%) and ethics (64.9%). Statistically significant differences ( p < .05) in perceptions of ChatGPT for anxiety disorders were observed. While urban residents generally rated ChatGPT more positively, females consistently reported higher levels of trustworthiness, effectiveness, and coherence in guidance compared to males. Conclusion: ChatGPT has the potential to complement traditional psychotherapeutic approaches and enhance access to quality mental health care.
Relationship between maternal anemia during pregnancy and the risk of preeclampsia: A multicenter case-control study
Authors: Aweke Mekuriaw Nibret , Almaw Hunegnaw , Alemu Gebrie Getu , Mengistu Berhanu , Mengistu Welelaw , Mulugeta Yeshalem
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Anemia, defined as a low hemoglobin level, is a common condition in pregnancy that can have adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcomes. Anemia can result from various causes, such as iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, hemolysis, or bleeding. The association between anemia and preeclampsia is not fully understood, but some studies have suggested that anemia may increase the risk of developing preeclampsia, especially in women with iron deficiency or chronic inflammation. Objective: To assess the association of anemia during pregnancy and the risk of developing preeclampsia. Study Design and Setting: A multicenter unmatched case-control study was conducted. The study was conducted from 2 December 2020 to 1 January 2021 in West and North Gojjam zone governmental hospitals, North West Ethiopia. A total of 337 pregnant women (113 cases and 224 controls) who consented verbally and attended antenatal or delivery services were enrolled in the study. Population: The participants of this study were mothers attending attended antenatal care and delivery services. Data Management: The analysis involved manual checking, data entry using EpiData Manager, and subsequent analysis using SPSS version 23, with logistic regression and p-values <0.05 determining statistical significance. Results: Being nonanemic, high consumption of fat related, mid-upper arm circumference ≥25.6 cm, frequent consumption of milk products, and fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin A were found to be factors associated with the risk for developing preeclampsia. Conclusion and recommendations: Being nonanemic, diets that are characterized by a high intake of vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables and milk products were significantly associated with a low risk of preeclampsia. On the other hand, high intake of fatty foods and obesity were associated with the development of preeclampsia. Therefore, preventing anemia encouraging and promoting healthy eating habits during pregnancy by including vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables and milk products can effectively prevent the development of preeclampsia.
Perceived attitudes towards infopreneurship: An empirical study on a public university students in Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Fatema , Biswas Md. Sakib
Published: October 2024

Infopreneurship, an emerging concept in today’s knowledge-based economy, has gained relevance. In the context of the evolving knowledge-based economy, understanding students’ perceptions of infopreneurship is essential for fostering innovation and entrepreneurship. However, limited research exists on students’ perceptions of infopreneurship. This study aims to explore public university students’ perspectives on infopreneurship. A convenient sampling technique was used to select 257 undergraduate and postgraduate students from Noakhali Science and Technology University in Bangladesh. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, and descriptive statistics was applied for data analysis. The results indicate that students’ perceptions of infopreneurship are somewhat limited, revealing gaps in their perceived knowledge and skills. The study suggests the need to improve students’ understanding and attitude towards infopreneurship. Policymakers and educators can utilize these findings to enhance students’ perceptions of infopreneurship through appropriate education and training programs.
An open label, single-centric, post market clinical study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new antimicrobial wound dressing (VELVERT) as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of venous leg ulcer
Authors: Kumar Sudhir , Sahu Suvash , Sharma Shivam
Published: October 2024

Objectives

An open label, single-centric, post market clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new antimicrobial wound dressing (VELVERT) as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of venous leg ulcer (VLU).

Methods

Patients with VLU of grade C-5 according to CEAP classification and above were evaluated using doppler ultra sound. The efficacy of new antimicrobial wound dressing (VELVERT) was assessed in terms of wound area reduction within a time frame of 60 days and surgeon questioners. Patients were evaluated for VELVERT safety and pain level on a scale of 0-10 Numeric Pain Chart. Presence of micro-organism load was monitored at regular time interval.

Results

VELVERT treatment was effective as 71.43% reduction in the ulcer area was observed. After 60 days, a total of 9 (45%) patients had complete ulcer closure. A remarkable decrease in the severity of pain was observed with 11 (55%) patients expressing no pain at the EOT. Swab test showed negative result for micro-organism growth. No serious adverse events were observed during the trial.

Conclusion

The data indicates that VELVERT is an effective treatment for VLUs and showed the potential in the wound care of VLUs.
A Koopman-based residual modeling approach for the control of a soft robot arm
Authors: Bruder Daniel , Bombara David , Wood Robert J
Published: October 2024

Soft robots are challenging to model and control due to their poorly defined kinematics and nonlinear dynamics. Recently, Koopman operator theory has been shown capable of constructing control-oriented soft robot models from data. However, building these models requires extensive data collection and they do not necessarily generalize well outside of the training observations. This paper presents a more data-efficient and generalizable approach to soft robot modeling that first identifies a physics-based Koopman model then supplements it with a data-driven residual Koopman model. The resulting combined model is linear and thus compatible with real-time model-based control techniques such as Model Predictive Control (MPC). The efficacy of the approach is demonstrated on several simulated systems and on a real soft robot arm, where it is shown to generate models that are more accurate than purely physics-based models and require less data to construct than purely data-driven models. Using a model-based controller, the soft arm is able to successfully track end effector trajectories, perform a pick-and-place task, and write on a dry-erase board, showcasing the applicability of this framework to increase the capabilities of soft robotic systems.
Model-predictive optimal control of ferrofluidic microrobots in three-dimensional space
Authors: Skowronek E Olga , Baker Luke S , Ahmed Reza , Marvi Hamid
Published: October 2024

Ferrofluid microrobots have emerged as promising tools for minimally invasive medical procedures. Their unique properties to navigate complex fluids and reach otherwise inaccessible regions of the human body have enabled new applications in targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering, and diagnostics. This paper proposes a model-predictive controller for the external magnetic manipulation of ferrofluid microrobots in three dimensions (3D). The internal optimization routine of the controller determines appropriate changes in the applied electromagnetic field to minimize the deviation between the actual and desired trajectories of the microrobot. A linear system governing locomotion is derived and used as the equality constraints of the optimization problems associated with the feedback index. In addition to ferrofluid droplets, the controller presented in this work may be applied to other magnetically-pulled microrobots. Several experiments are performed to validate the controller and showcase its ability to adapt to changes in system parameters such as the desired tracking trajectory and the size, orientation, deformation, and velocity of the microrobot. The accuracy of the controller is analyzed for each experiment, and the average error is found to be within 0.25 mm for small velocities. An additional experiment is performed to demonstrate significant improvement over a PID controller that is optimally tuned using Bayesian optimization. The results presented in this paper suggest that the proposed control algorithm could enable new microrobotic capabilities in minimally invasive medical procedures, lab-on-a-chip applications, and microfluidics.
Artificial intelligent-based backstepping control of parallel-connected multi-machine wind generation system using a new fifteen-switch rectifier
Authors: Sakouchi Abderrahim , Bounadja Elhadj , Djahbar Abdelkader , Moualdia Abdelhafidh
Published: October 2024

This academic work offers a new variable-speed wind power generation system (NVS-WPGS) that employs two 5-phase permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) controlled through a fifteen-switch rectifier (FSR) architecture for a system that’s integrated to the power grid. The two 5-phase PMSGs are linked to the DC bus through an FSR, which, in turn, connects the DC link to the grid via a three-phase inverter. To ameliorate the operational efficiency of the wind system under investigation, the backstepping control (BSC) approach was employed. Building upon this technique, the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) was trained and implemented for controlling the wind system. The goal is to boost system performance and control. While BSC is a strong control method for reference signal tracking, its dependence on system parameters is a downside. This dependence typically degrades performance. On the other hand, ANFIS exhibits robustness to variations in system parameters and uncertainties. The efficaciousness of the suggested control methodology was evaluated via experimental investigations conducted using the Matlab/Simulink program. The simulations were performed to verify the system’s capacity to maintain controlled variables in accordance with desired references, even in the presence of fluctuations in wind velocity. Simulations exhibit that the suggested ANFIS-BSC control system accurately tracks controlled intended references. Furthermore, system performance improved. Speed overshoot was decreased by 100%. Additionally, the system’s efficiency was enhanced, reaching a level of 96.5%, beating the BSC approach’s 96%. These findings underscore the remarkable effectiveness of the ANFIS-BSC approach compared to BSC methodologies.
Ducted wind turbines: A review and assessment of different design models
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Ehsan , Saboohi Zoheir
Published: October 2024

Wind energy technology is progressing at an accelerated pace due to the growing global demand for renewable energy, particularly horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs). Ducted wind turbines (DWTs) have emerged as a promising enhancement to traditional horizontal axis wind turbines, demonstrating substantial improvements in efficiency and power output. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of four distinct designs for DWTs, with a focus on critical factors including efficiency, cost-effectiveness, durability, and environmental sustainability. Among the designs analyzed, the Diffuser configuration emerges as the most advantageous in terms of cost, delivering energy more economically than the Nozzle-Diffuser design. The durability analysis underscores the Diffuser design’s superior longevity, indicated by a durability index of 0.9, reflecting its robust construction and low maintenance demands. Additionally, the Diffuser design is shown to be highly environmentally sustainable, achieving an Environmental Impact Score of 0.91, highlighting its minimal carbon footprint and high recyclability. The study concludes that the Diffuser design offers a balanced and effective solution, combining cost efficiency, durability, and environmental considerations while maintaining competitive efficiency levels.
Headache trajectories in children and adolescents with new onset continuous headache
Authors: Szperka Christina L. , Evans Morgan , Patterson Gentile Carlyn , Panigrahi Pratishtha , Raj Nichelle R. , Marquez de Prado Blanca , Hershey Andrew D. , Gelfand Amy A.
Published: October 2024

Background

New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a challenging and understudied primary headache disorder with no known effective treatment. Although the International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria require that the new onset continuous headache be present for at least three months before diagnosing NDPH, the biologic basis for when a new, continuous headache starts to behave as NDPH is unknown, and some pediatric headache experts consider that the minimum duration criterion could be shorter.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we reviewed the intake questionnaires and medical records of 5–17 year-olds seen in neurology clinic for headache at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Those with a new onset continuous headache of at least one month in duration were eligible. The patient's self-report and clinician's description both had to indicate that the headache was new, of abrupt onset, and continuous to be included, although patients were allowed to have a prior history of infrequent headaches. We compared headache outcomes at last follow-up and at one year after continuous headache onset between those who had a continuous headache duration of 1 to <3 months (“new onset headache”, or NOH) at first visit vs. those with ≥3 months (NDPH). We used multivariate regression modeling to examine for predictors of headache outcomes.

Results

Of 472 patient records reviewed, 172 met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Of these, 84 had a headache duration of 1 to <3 months in duration and 88 had a duration of ≥3 months. Those with shorter duration continuous headache were younger (median (interquartile range) 13.5 (11.1–15.7) vs. 15.1 (12.3–16.5) years, and less likely to have previously received a prescription preventive for the continuous headache (n = 14 (17%) vs. 26 (30%), p = 0.046), but were otherwise similar to those with NDPH in terms of baseline clinical and demographic variables. Sixty-five (74%) of those with NDPH and 60 (71%) with NOH had follow-up data. At last clinic follow-up, 41/65 (63%) with NDPH and 43/60 (72%) with NOH had experienced any headache benefit ( p = 0.307), although 39/65 (60%) with NDPH and 29/60 (48%) with NOH still had continuous headache ( p = 0.191). Headache duration was not associated with outcomes in multivariate regression modeling.

Conclusions

Headache outcomes of children and adolescents with new onset continuous headache, whether of 1 to <3 months (NOH) or ≥3 months in duration (NDPH) are suboptimal. More research is needed to improve treatment outcomes for this patient population.
Neighbors’ Perceptions of University Engaged “Research”
Authors: Park Seungbin , Clark Jill K. , Schmiesing Ryan J. , Reece Jason , Kaiser Michelle L. , Lee Jee Young
Published: October 2024

We investigate community members’ perceptions of their engagement with university researchers’ engaged research conducted in their neighborhoods. Analyzing interviews, first, we find perceptions are not simply developed from singular experiences, personal experiences, or even research experiences. Most interviewees did not, or could not, clearly distinguish engaged research from other university activities. They also regarded the university as a monolith. Second, perceptions were related to broad narratives that endure over time and differed by neighborhood and by racialized group. This implies that university engagement in communities should seek to understand current and historical relationships while setting clear expectations with community members.
Exploring the Language Attitudes of Dual-Language Latine Preschoolers
Authors: Halpin Emily , Huancacuri Jessica , Melzi Gigliana
Published: October 2024

This study examined the language attitudes of 60 Latine DLL preschoolers at the beginning and end of the school year. At each time point, a matched guise paradigm was used to elicit language attitudes, whereby children listened to speech samples from two puppets, one speaking Spanish and one speaking English, and were then asked a series of questions about the puppets. Results showed that children held language attitudes favoring English over Spanish, with the majority of children reporting that the English-speaking puppet was smarter, and that they liked the English-speaking puppet better than the Spanish-speaking puppet. Results suggest that language attitudes favoring the dominant language in society emerge earlier than previously thought, aligning with work about stereotype formation regarding other facets of identity, and reflecting the broader sociolinguistic context of Spanish and English status in the United States.
A Modified Nonendoscopic Subperiosteal Brow Lift Via Transblepharoplasty Incision
Authors: Donovan Kelsey M. , Mahan Marielle , Mehta Milap , Derdzakyan Marianna , Lustbader Jay M. , Nik Narieman A.
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate a minimally invasive transblepharoplasty subperiosteal suture-suspended brow lift that was developed by the senior investigator (N.A.N.) to restore the brow complex in the setting of visually significant brow ptosis.

Methods:

A retrospective review was performed of all patients who underwent this procedure by a single surgeon (N.A.N.) from 2008 to 2022. The primary outcome measure was the change in margin-reflex distance 1 (MRD1) and brow-reflex distance (BRD), measured from the pupillary reflex to the first row of brow cilia.

Results:

A total of 32 patients (61 eyes) were included, with an average age of 68% and 53% were female. Brow ptosis in 3 patients was unilateral due to unresolved Bell’s Palsy. The average follow-up was 76 days. Statistical analysis of bilateral cases revealed post-operative brow elevation (mean right BRD +2.82 mm [ P < .001] and left BRD +2.42 mm [ P < .001]) and upper eyelid elevation (mean right MRD1 +1.99 mm [ P < .001] and left MRD1 +1.71 [ P < .001]). Brow ptosis recurred in 3 patients bilaterally, and there were no long-term complications.

Conclusions:

This surgical technique is an effective and safe minimally invasive option for patients with brow ptosis. It completed under light sedation without the need for endoscopic equipment.
Age-Related Variation in Ecological Resources Among Veterans Seeking Treatment Related to Military Sexual Trauma
Authors: Grau Peter P. , Boyd Meredith R. , Tu Joseph W. , Paulson Julia L. , Porter Katherine E. , Sexton Minden B.
Published: October 2024

Approximately 16% of Veterans experience military sexual trauma (MST), defined as sexual assault or harassment experienced during military service. Veterans across life stages may possess differing resources and face unique stressors that impact their ability to engage in mental health treatment or require additional liaison to services. The present study sought to characterize age-related differences in the socioecological contexts of Veterans seeking mental health treatment following MST in the domains of economic sufficiency, housing, spiritual coping, supportive relationships, and interpersonal violence. From 2009 to 2019, Veterans ( N = 640) seeking mental health services following exposure to MST attended evaluation and treatment planning sessions at a Midwestern Veterans Health Administration posttraumatic stress disorder specialty clinic. Veterans completed semistructured interviews that included surveys and diagnostic screenings to assess psychosocial needs and resources. ANOVA and ordinal regressions were used to evaluate potential disparities in socioecological resources by age. No age-related differences in economic sufficiency and stable housing emerged, though most Veterans (57%) endorsed financial difficulties. Veterans who endorsed spiritual beliefs were significantly older than those who did not. Veterans who reported having a support system were significantly younger than Veterans who denied having a support system. Less than half (46%) of Veteran reported having peer relationships. Veterans who endorsed frequent interaction with their peers were significantly older than those who did not. Veterans who reported past-year exposure to interpersonal violence were significantly younger. Greater clarity about age-related differences in the socioecological contexts of Veterans can support clinicians in providing responsive mental health treatment and connecting Veterans to additional Veterans Health Administration resources following MST.
The Effect of Person-First Language on Obesity Stigma
Authors: Hoffman Rebecca K. , Post Stacy M. , Dodge Tonya , Stock Michelle L.
Published: October 2024

Purpose

To test the assumption that person-first language (PFL) reduces obesity stigma, mediated by perceived personal responsibility for obesity.

Design

Cross-sectional, experimental.

Setting

Online, United States.

Participants

299 young adults.

Measures

Participants read a vignette using PFL or identity-first language (IFL) or about someone without obesity. Participants reported perceived personal responsibility for obesity, and 3 operationalizations of obesity stigma: prejudice, stereotypes, and support for punitive policies. Mediation analyses were used to test if the manipulation affected obesity stigma, through perceived personal responsibility.

Results

There was no indirect effect of PFL vs IFL on the 3 outcomes (95% CIs contained zero). However, the indirect effects of PFL vs no-obesity condition were significant (prejudice: β = −0.10, SE = 0.05, 95% CI [−0.22, −0.01]; stereotypes: ( β = 0.07, SE = 0.03, 95% CI [0.01, 0.14]); punitive punishment: ( β = −0.06, SE = 0.04, 95% CI [−0.15, −0.01]). Also, the indirect effects of IFL vs no-obesity condition on stereotypes ( β = 0.07, SE = 0.04, 95% CI [0.0003, 0.15]) and punitive punishment ( β = −0.06, SE = 0.04, 95% CI [−0.15, −0.0002]) were significant.

Conclusion

PFL may not affect obesity stigma as it does in the context of other marginalized groups. The effect of PFL and IFL, compared to the no-obesity condition, suggests future routes for intervention.
Caring Leadership in a Nonlinear World
Authors: Baumann Steven L. , Olender Lynda
Published: October 2024

This introduction discusses the results of a survey of Italian nurses’ views of their work performance and correlates those perceptions with their reported age, gender, and years of nursing work experiences, considering nursing leadership theory based on caring science and quantum leadership. Implications for nurse managers at the site of care are provided.
Organizational Culture: A Concept Analysis
Authors: Aldhafeeri Nouf Afit
Published: October 2024

Organizational culture is complex because different systems and patterns influence it. It is linked with the decreasing turnover rate of nurses, increasing job satisfaction and commitment, and improving performance. This concept was examined using Walker and Avant’s concept analysis method. The five attributes of organizational culture are workplace environment, behaviors, values, beliefs, and attitudes. Antecedents are people, communication, teamwork, leadership, and relationships. The consequences are described as a positive and negative organizational culture. Nurse educators and administrators should examine their workplace culture to make it easy to introduce change to their environment.
Connecting-Separating: A Pervasive Paradox of Humanbecoming
Authors: Kabigting Edwin-Nikko R.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this paper is to enhance further understanding of Parse’s paradox of connecting-separating through an exploration of humanbecoming inquires that have been conducted from 2007 to 2020.
Bliss and Peace of Connecting-Separating
Authors: Carroll Karen
Published: October 2024

The author of this article considers the topic of bliss and peace that arises in connecting-separating with persons, with others, with ideas, and even with events. Amid the ever-increasing fast-paced communication, considering connecting-separating from a humanbecoming perspective serves as an approach that honors paradoxical patterns expressed by persons and families.
Dynamic analysis and experimental study of direct-acting centrifugal speed limiter
Authors: Zhu Fangzhou , Wang Yibo , Yang Kun , Wang Shourui , Zhang Qi
Published: October 2024

In response to the issues of significant braking error and low sensitivity associated with the ratchet-claw centrifugal speed limiters, this study proposes a direct-acting centrifugal speed limiter (DCSL) characterized by minimal braking error and heightened sensitivity. A triggering model for the DCSL has been established through dynamic analysis and simulated using MATLAB to elucidate the interrelationships between the total mass of the centrifugal blocks, the rigidity of the speed regulating spring (SRS), the pre-compression, and the release rotational speed of the speed limiter. A mathematical model of the speed limiter has been constructed by setting parameters. An experimental platform for speed limiter detection has been established, and MATLAB has been utilized to mathematically model the experimental data to verify the applicability and reliability of the mathematical model. The results indicate that the triggering system of the DCSL meets the characteristic that the greater the stiffness and pre-compression of the SRS and the smaller the total mass of the centrifugal blocks, the higher the release rotational speed of the speed limiter, which aligns with the expected design. The braking rotational speed error between the mathematical model and the experimental data ranges from 0.73% to 1.76%, meeting the requirements of engineering applications. Through multiple linear regression, the speed limitation range and capability of the speed limiter under the premise of achieving design requirements have been investigated. The error between the mathematical model values and the experimental values at different pre-compressions of the SRS is in the range from 0.01% to 2.66%, all within the specified error range. The DCSL boasts a fast start-up speed and a broad speed range, significantly enhancing the safety of elevator operation systems, reducing the risk of accidents, and providing robust assurance for the continuity and stability of elevator operations.
The technopolitics of border security R&D: Shaping the EU’s border in the Security Research Programme
Authors: Binder Clemens
Published: October 2024

Technologies are predominantly understood as ‘solutions’ for policy problems in EU border control. This has prompted increased political attention to research and development (R&D) of ‘innovative’ security technologies. The European Commission has continuously increased its spending on the development of security devices in the Security Research Programme; at the same time, border security institutions such as Frontex or eu-LISA have worked to amplify their influence on shaping security research in the EU’s Research Framework Programmes. Against this backdrop, this article develops the argument that R&D is a political practice of ‘making’ and governing the border through its entanglement with the politics of border security in the EU. By conceptualizing R&D as ‘borderwork’, the article interrogates how practices of security R&D inscribes specific logics into EU border security and control. In doing this, it also problematizes how R&D locks in exclusionary dichotomies and categorizations of mobilities through privileging security actors in the process. Based on qualitative interviews, the article provides an in-depth analysis of political processes through which R&D programmes and projects materialize at policymaking, implementing and operational levels. Through this, the article explores comprehensively how political logics of bordering are constantly shaping and simultaneously renegotiated in R&D.
Role of Microfinance Institutions in Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Kebridehar City, Ethiopia: A Case of Rays Microfinance Institution
Authors: Mehabaw Gebremariam , Singh N. Robindro , Layli Muhumed , Amuthan S.
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the influence of microfinance institutions (MFIs) on the development of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Kebridehar City Administration. The objective was to assess the role of MFIs in the growth of MSEs, specifically focusing on aspects such as loan provision, financial skills training, role modelling and savings mobilisation. The researchers collected data from 170 MSEs that utilised the services of MFIs, using both secondary and primary sources. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyse the data, revealing that loans, financial skills training, savings mobilisation and role modelling all had a significant impact on the growth of MSEs in the city. This study enhances our understanding of how these factors contribute to the development of MSEs.
Non-invasive Anemia Detection and Prediagnosis
Authors: Aiwale Santosh , Kolte Mahesh T. , Harpale Varsha , Bendre Varsha , Khurge Deepti , Bhandari Sheetal , Kadam Suvarna , Mulani Altaf O.
Published: October 2024

Background

Anemia is a significant global health concern, often stemming from iron deficiency or deficiencies in folate, vitamins B12, and A. Anemia disproportionately impacts vulnerable populations like children, adolescent girls, and pregnant or postpartum women.

Purpose

Anemia is a serious public health issue, impairing productivity, cognitive development, and increasing mortality rates. Anemia is usually detected through blood tests measuring hemoglobin levels, but non-invasive solutions are rquired to lower discomfort, enhance accessibility, and allow for regular monitoring. These methods are essential for early detection in vulnerable populations.

Methodology

The research methodology involves extracting valuable information from nail images using data mining algorithms. The focus is on calculating the percentage of blue- and red-stained cells within specific regions of interest in the nail images. Machine-learning algorithms are employed to transform these data into actionable insights for disease diagnosis.

Results

The system demonstrates effectiveness in accurately detecting anemia and providing prediagnosis reports to healthcare providers. The reports include comprehensive information such as patient symptoms, health history, test results, and the doctor’s preliminary assessment. This aids in timely and accurate treatment decisions.

Conclusion

This research showcases the potential of image processing and machine learning in improving anemia diagnosis and facilitating personalized healthcare interventions.