bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEMAMPUAN MENGAPRESIASI PUISI “SAJAK ORANG KEPANASAN” KARYA WS. RENDRA OLEH SISWA KELAS VIII SMP PERSATUAN AMAL BAKTI LUBUK PAKAM
Authors: - Nirmawan , Hasibuan Abdullah
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mentetahui Kemampuan Siswa Mengapresiasi Puisi Sajak Orang Kepanasan Karya WS. Rendra Oleh Siswa kelas VIII SMP Persatuan Amal Bakti Lubuk Pakam Tahun Pembelajaran 2021-2022. . Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Quasi Eksperimen Design, Nonequivalent (pretest-posttest) Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Persatuan Amal Bakti Lubuk Pakam yang terdiri dari 7 kelas dengan jumlah 250 orang siswa. Dari jumlah tersebut ditetapkan sampel 20% yaitu 50 orang siswa, kemudian sampel dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol yang masing- masing berjumlah 25 orang sisw. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah secara acak. Instrumen atau alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar adalah tes mengapresiasi puisi Sajak Orang Kepanasan. Dari hasil analisis data yang diketahui bahwa mengapresiasi puisi dengan memberikan perlakuan lebih efektif pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Persatuan Amal Bakti Lubuk Pakam. Dari kelompok kontrol hasil pretest 10 siswa mendapatkan nilai 68-69, dan nilai 69 karena siswa lebih menjabarkan lebih luas tentang nada dan diksi dari puisi tersebut, dan 8 siswa mendapatkan nilai 70 dan 4 siswa mendapatkan nilai 75, dan 1 siswa mendapatkan nilai 80, dan 2 siswa mendapatkan nilai 85.
INVESTIGATING THE NOMINAL FORMS IN SINGKIL LANGUAGE: A STUDY OF MORPHOLOGY
Authors: Suhery Dedy , Efrizah Doni , Rezeki Purba Happy Sri , Hamid Reza Mohd
Published: June 2023

Dalam keberadaannya sebagai bahasa daerah, bahasa Singkil juga digunakan sebagai alat pengembangan dan penunjang budaya setempat. Namun disaat bepergian, bahasa ini jarang digunakan karena banyak penutur bahasa Singkil yang bilingual dengan bahasa Indonesia. Akibatnya, Bahasa yang jarang digunakan akan terancam punah. Berdasarkan judul di atas, penelitian ini bertujuan menjawab permasalahan penelitian yaitu: mengetahui ciri-ciri nominal dalam bahasa Singkil, proses-proses morfologi nominal dan mengetahui bentuk-bentuk nominal dalam bahasa Singkil seperti akar, afiksasi, reduplikasi dan majemuk kata nominal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Untuk mendapatkan data, peneliti membuat pertanyaan dari pedoman wawancara yang direkam dengan Sony voice-recorder –UX56OF. Kemudian hasil penelitian ini memberikan gambaran lengkap tentang masalah penelitian. Selain itu, dalam menemukan analisis data, fenomena baru tersebut muncul karena terjadinya proses morfofonemik dengan dua vokal. Dan terakhir, peneliti menemukan bahwa morfologi nominal dalam bahasa Singkil dapat dianalisis dengan perilaku semantik, perilaku sintaksis, dan perilaku morfologis. Proses morfologi nominal meliputi afiksasi, reduplikasi dan gabungan. Kemudian bentuk-bentuk morfologi nominal yang ditemukan berkaitan dengan proses-prosesnya dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu; bentuk nominal dalam akar dan afiksasi, bentuk reduplikasi ,dan bentuk gabungan.
Global Trends in Therapy of Patients with Bronchial Asthma — a Personalized Approach to Treatment
Authors: Zaikov S. V. , Bogomolov A. Ye. , Katilov O. V. , Gumeniuk G. L. , Yakovenko O. K. , Dmіtrieva E. M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Bronchial asthma (BA) refers to those diseases that significantly disrupt the adaptation of patients in society and the family, lead to temporary and permanent loss of working capacity, significant economic costs in many countries of the world. The goals of treating people with ВA in recent years have traditionally remained unchanged and consist in achieving effective symptom control and maintaining a normal level of activity. Despite the availability and accessibility of modern asthma control therapy, lack of control or partial control of ВА is, unfortunately, a common phenomenon among patients with BA. The m ain reason for this phenomenon is the low adherence of people with BA to anti-inflammatory therapy of the disease. Patients with BA often rely on drugs to relieve symptoms, but low adherence to basic therapy and the lack of timely increase in its volume at the initial signs of loss of asthma control sometimes lead to irreversible consequences. The m odern approach to the treatment of BA in adults and adolescents over 12 years of age according to the recommendations of GINA 2022 and NAEPP 2020 is to use a fixed combination of an inhaled corticosteroid with formoterol both for basic therapy and as needed, since it has a rapid and simultaneous anti-inflammatory effect and is effective by alleviating symptoms and reducing the risk of exacerbation. Global climate change is one of the most acute environmental problems facing humanity. The m ain cause of climate change is greenhouse gases produced by human activity. The use of large numbers of short-acting β2-agonist inhalers for the relief of asthma symptoms is one important component of total carbon emissions to the atmosphere, which can be reduced by patients using a fixed combination of inhaled corticosteroid and formoterol as a means of basic and symptomatic therapy.
De novo expansion formation in the outer curvature of the internal carotid artery after flow diverter deployment for an infectious cavernous carotid aneurysm: illustrative case
Authors: Osuki Takuya , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Uezato Minami , Kinosada Masanori , Kurosaki Yoshitaka , Chin Masaki
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Infectious aneurysms very rarely occur in the cavernous carotid artery. Recently, treatment by flow diverter implantation with preservation of the parent artery has been the treatment of choice.

OBSERVATIONS

A 64-year-old woman presented with stenosis at the C5 segment of the left internal carotid artery (ICA), followed by ocular symptoms within 2 weeks, with a de novo aneurysm in the left cavernous carotid artery and wall irregularity with stenosis from the C2 to C5 segments of the left ICA. Antimicrobial therapy was given for 6 weeks, and a Pipeline Flex Shield was implanted. Angiography 6 months after treatment showed complete obliteration of the infectious aneurysm and improvement of the stenosis. However, de novo expansions were formed in the outer curvature of C3 and C4 segments of the ICA where the Pipeline device had been deployed.

LESSONS

Aneurysms that develop rapidly and show shape changes over time, accompanied by fever and inflammation, may be associated with an infection. Because of the fragility in the irregular wall of the parent vessel associated with infectious aneurysms, de novo expansion may form in the outer curvature of the parent vessel after flow diverter placement; thus, careful follow-up is necessary.
The Global State of Democracy Indices Codebook: Version 7 (2023)
Authors: Tufis Claudiu D.
Published: June 2023

The Global State of Democracy Indices: Codebook, v7, 2023 provides details for all of the variables included in the data set. This document is an essential guide for the use of the data.
Дистанційна підтримка комбінованого навчання інформатики у 5 класі
Authors: Мінтій Ірина Сергіївна , Доценко Вікторія Андріївна
Published: June 2023

Одним із викликів провадження комбінованого навчання для педагогів стала нестача розроблених цифрових ресурсів. Нині практично не є проблемою віднайти матеріали за певною темою у мережі інтернет, проте вибудувати їх у логічний ланцюжок згідно вже спланованої документації є дійсно викликом. Саме цим і обумовлена актуальність даного дослідження, метою якого є розробка цифрових ресурсів для дистанційної підтримки комбінованого навчання інформатики учнів 5 класу.
The effect of Fas/FasL pathway blocking on apoptosis and stemness within breast cancer tumor microenvironment (preclinical study)
Authors: Abou Shousha Seham , Baheeg Suzan , Ghoneim Hossam , Zoheir Malak , Hemida Mahmoud , Shahine Yasmine
Published: June 2023

Evasion of the immune system is the tumor’s key strategy for its maintenance and progression. Thus, targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) is considered one of the most promising approaches for fighting cancer, where immune cells within the TME play a vital role in immune surveillance and cancer elimination. FasL is one of the most important death ligands expressed by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and plays a vital role in eliminating Fas-expressing cancer cells via Fas/FasL pathway-induced apoptosis. However, tumor cells can express elevated levels of FasL inducing apoptosis to TILs. Fas/FasL expression is linked to the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) within the TME, contributing to tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, recurrence, and chemoresistance. This study is considered the first study designed to block the overexpressed FasL on the tumor cells within TME mimicking tissue culture system using rFas molecules and supplementing the Fas enriched tissue culture system with blocked Fas - peripheral blood mononuclear cells PBMCs (using anti-Fas mAb) to protect them from tumor counterattack and augment their ability to induce tumor cell apoptosis and stemness inhibition. A significantly increased level of apoptosis and decreased expression of CD 44 (CSCs marker) was observed within the east tumor tissue culture system enriched with Fas molecules and anti-Fas treated PBMCs and the one enriched with Fas molecules only compared to the breast tumor tissues cultured alone (p < 0.001). Accordingly, we can consider the current study as a promising proposed immunotherapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
circ_0058063 promotes breast cancer progression by upregulating DLGAP5 via sponging miR-557
Authors: Zhu Kongjun , Yi Cen , Tong Chuanming
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE:

Accumulating evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) contribute to breast cancer (BC) development and progression. However, the role of circ_0058063 in BC and its underlying molecular processes remain unclear.

METHODS:

The expression of circ_0058063, miR-557, and DLGAP5 in BC tissues and cells was determined using real time quantitative PCR or western blotting. The functions of circ_0058063 in BC cells were detected using CCK-8, Transwell, caspase-3 activity, and xenograft tumor assays. The specific binding of circ_0058063/miR-557 and DLGAP5/miR-557 was verified using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual-luciferase reporter assays.

RESULTS:

circ_0058063 expression was upregulated in BC tissues and cells. circ_0058063 knockdown inhibited proliferation and migration but promoted apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. In vivo studies further validated that the knockdown of circ_0058063 repressed tumor growth. Mechanistically, circ_0058063 directly sponged miR-557 and negatively regulated its expression. Additionally, miR-557 inhibition reversed the tumor-suppressive effects of the circ_0058063 knockdown on the survival of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Moreover, miR-557 directly targeted DLGAP5. DLGAP5 knockdown suppressed MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell growth, and these effects were reversed by miR-557 downregulation.

CONCLUSION:

Our findings verify that circ_0058063 acts as a sponge for miR-557 to upregulate DLGAP5 expression. These findings suggest that the circ_0058063/miR-557/DLGAP5 axis is an important regulator of oncogenic function and may be a promising therapeutic target for BC.
JAK2V617F mutation and circulating extracellular vesicles in essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Aswad Mohamed Hussam , Kissova Jarmila , Ovesna Petra , Říhová Lucie , Penka Miroslav
Published: June 2023

The clinical course of essential thrombocythemia (ET) is complicated with thrombosis which significantly impacts patients’ mortality. Studies have identified JAK2V617F mutation as an independent risk factor for thrombosis. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) were evaluated in several studies regarding myeloproliferative neoplasms and thrombosis as potential biomarkers. The present study investigates the relationship between JAK2V617F mutation and EVs levels in 119 ET patients. Our analyses revealed that JAK2V617F-positive patients are at a significantly increased risk of thrombosis within five years before the ET diagnosis (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 11.9 [1.7–83.7], P = 0.013), and that JAK2V617F mutation is an independent risk factor for thrombosis at ET diagnosis or during the follow-up (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 3.56 [1.47–8.62], P = 0.005). ET patients have higher levels of platelet-EVs, erythrocyte-EVs and procoagulant activity of EVs than the healthy population. Absolute and relative counts of platelet-EVs are increased in the presence of JAK2V617F mutation ( P = 0.018, P = 0.024, respectively). In conclusion, our results support the role of JAK2V617F mutation in the pathogenesis of thrombosis in essential thrombocythemia through enhancing platelet activation.
Immunoglobulin G follow-up and immune response longevity analysis in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients and vaccinated individuals: A longitudinal analysis
Authors: Maki Fadia Mothafar , AL-Thwani Anima Namma , Jiad Kareem Shahal , Musafer Karar Nadhum Jawad
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Although the detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules has long been considered to be crucial for successful humoral immune defence against infections and harmful metabolites, it has become increasingly important in relation to SARS-CoV-2 research. OBJECTIVE: To compare longitudinal changes in IgG titres in post-infection and post-vaccination Iraqi participants, and to estimate the protective benefits of the two principal vaccines used in Iraq. METHODS: This quantitative study used samples from SARS-CoV-2 recovered patients (n= 75), those vaccinated with two doses of Pfizer or Sinopharm vaccine (n= 75), and healthy unvaccinated individuals (n= 50) who formed a control group. Participant ages (range 20–80 years) and sex (52.7% men, 47.3% females). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure IgG. RESULTS: IgG antibody levels peaked in the first month and tapered off in the following three months in both convalescent and vaccinated groups. The latter showed a significant decrease in IgG titres than in the convalescent group. Samples from the group given the mRNA vaccination that targeted spike (S) proteins might have a cross-reactivity between nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) proteins. CONCLUSIONS: Participants who had recovered from or who were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 exhibited a protective, persistent and durable humoral immune response for at least a month. This was more potent in the SARS-CoV-2 convalescent group compared to the vaccinated cohort. The IgG titres decayed faster after vaccination with Sinopharm than following the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Diagnostics of Alzheimer’s Disease in Patients with Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Vanninen Aleksi , Lukkarinen Heikki , Kokkola Tarja , Koivisto Anne M. , Kokki Merja , Musialowicz Tadeusz , Hiltunen Mikko , Zetterberg Henrik , Leinonen Ville , Herukka Sanna-Kaisa , Rauramaa Tuomas
Published: June 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide and a frequent comorbidity in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). The presence of AD pathology is associated with worse outcomes after a shunt procedure in iNPH. Preoperative diagnosis of AD is challenging in patients with iNPH, which involves reduced concentrations of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers. Objective: Our aim was to estimate the effect size of iNPH as a factor in CSF levels of AD biomarkers and to test if correction could be used to improve diagnostic value. Methods: Our cohort included 222 iNPH patients with data in the Kuopio NPH registry and brain biopsy and CSF samples available. We divided the patients into groups according to AD pathology per brain biopsy. For control cohorts, we had CSF samples from cognitively healthy individuals (n = 33) and patients with diagnosed AD and no iNPH (n = 39). *-31pt Results: Levels of all investigated biomarkers differed significantly between groups, with the exception of t-Tau levels between healthy individuals and iNPH patients with AD pathology. Applying a correction factor for each biomarker (0.842*Aβ1 - 42, 0.779*t-Tau, and 0.610*P-Tau181) for the effect of iNPH yielded a sensitivity of 2.4% and specificity of 100%. The ratio of P-Tau181 to Aβ1 - 42 was moderately effective in aiding recognition of AD pathology in iNPH patients (sensitivity 0.79, specificity 0.76, area under the curve 0.824). Conclusion: Correcting for iNPH as a factor failed to improve diagnostic effectiveness, but the P-Tau181/Aβ1 - 42 ratio showed some utility in the diagnosis of AD in iNPH patients.
ACE Inhibitors Improve Skeletal Muscle by Preserving Neuromuscular Junctions in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Qaisar Rizwan , Karim Asima , Iqbal M. Shahid , Alkahtani Shaea A. , Ahmad Firdos , Kamli Hossam
Published: June 2023

Background: Hypertension and skeletal muscle decline are common findings in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors preserve skeletal muscle and physical capacity; however, the driving mechanisms are poorly understood. Objective: We investigated the effects of ACE inhibitors on the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) with relevance to skeletal muscle and physical capacity in AD patients and age-matched controls. Methods: We evaluated controls (n = 59) and three groups of AD patients, including normotensive (n = 51) and patients with hypertension taking ACE inhibitors (n = 53) or other anti-hypertensive medications (n = 49) at baseline and one year later. We measure plasma c-terminal agrin fragment-22 (CAF22) as a marker of NMJ degradation, handgrip strength (HGS), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) as markers of physical capacity. Results: At baseline AD patients demonstrated lower HGS and SPPB scores and higher CAF22 levels than controls, irrespective of the hypertension status (all p < 0.05). The use of ACE inhibitors was associated with higher HGS and relative maintenance of SPPB scores, gait speed, and plasma CAF22 levels. Conversely, other anti-hypertensive medications were associated with an unaltered HGS, reduced SPPB scores and elevated plasma CAF22 levels (both p < 0.05). We also found dynamic associations of CAF22 with HGS, gait speed, and SPPB in AD patients taking ACE inhibitors (all p < 0.05). These changes were associated with reduced oxidative stress in AD patients taking ACE inhibitors (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Altogether, ACE inhibitors are associated with higher HGS, preserved physical capacity, and the prevention of NMJ degradation in hypertensive AD patients.
Hyperglycemia Aggravates the Cerebral Ischemia Injury via Protein O-GlcNAcylation
Authors: Zhu Jing , Ji Xin , Shi Ruirui , He Tianqi , Chen Su-ying , Cong Ruochen , He Bosheng , Liu Su , Xu Hui , Gu Jin-hua
Published: June 2023

Background: At least one-third of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients have cerebrovascular abnormalities, micro- and macro-infarctions, and ischemic white matter alterations. Stroke prognosis impacts AD development due to vascular disease. Hyperglycemia can readily produce vascular lesions and atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of cerebral ischemia. Our previous research has demonstrated that protein O-GlcNAcylation, a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification, provides protection against ischemic stroke. However, the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the exacerbation of cerebral ischemia injury due to hyperglycemia remains to be elucidated. Objective: In this study, we explored the role and underlying mechanism of protein O-GlcNAcylation in the exacerbation of cerebral ischemia injury caused by hyperglycemia. Methods: High glucose-cultured brain microvascular endothelial (bEnd3) cells were injured by oxygen-glucose deprivation. Cell viability was used as the assay result. Stroke outcomes and hemorrhagic transformation incidence were assessed in mice after middle cerebral artery occlusion under high glucose and streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic conditions. Western blot estimated that O-GlcNAcylation influenced apoptosis levels in vitro and in vivo. Results: In in vitro analyses showed that Thiamet-G induces upregulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation, which attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation/R-induce injury in bEnd3 cells cultured under normal glucose conditions, while aggravated it under high glucose conditions. In in vivo analyses, Thiamet-G exacerbated cerebral ischemic injury and induced hemorrhagic transformation, accompanied by increased apoptosis. While blocking protein O-GlcNAcylation with 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine alleviated cerebral injury of ischemic stroke in different hyperglycemic mice. Conclusion: Overall, our study highlights the crucial role of O-GlcNAcylation in exacerbating cerebral ischemia injury under conditions of hyperglycemia. O-GlcNAcylation could potentially serve as a therapeutic target for ischemic stroke associated with AD.
Landscape of Double-Stranded DNA Breaks in Postmortem Brains from Alzheimer’s Disease and Non-Demented Individuals
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Yan , Huang Ming , Gunewardena Sumedha , Haeri Mohammad , Swerdlow Russell H. , Wang Ning
Published: June 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains accumulate DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), which could contribute to neurodegeneration and dysfunction. The genomic distribution of AD brain DSBs is unclear. Objective: To map genome-wide DSB distributions in AD and age-matched control brains. Methods: We obtained autopsy brain tissue from 3 AD and 3 age-matched control individuals. The donors were men between the ages of 78 to 91. Nuclei extracted from frontal cortex tissue were subjected to Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) assay with an antibody against γH2AX, a marker of DSB formation. γH2AX-enriched chromatins were purified and analyzed via high-throughput genomic sequencing. Results: The AD brains contained 18 times more DSBs than the control brains and the pattern of AD DSBs differed from the control brain pattern. In conjunction with published genome, epigenome, and transcriptome analyses, our data revealed aberrant DSB formation correlates with AD-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms, increased chromatin accessibility, and upregulated gene expression. Conclusion: Our data suggest in AD, an accumulation of DSBs at ectopic genomic loci could contribute to an aberrant upregulation of gene expression.
Face recognition technology based on low-rank joint sparse representation algorithm
Authors: Wang Hongsheng , Cai Jingjing
Published: June 2023

With the improvement of computer computing power and the development of artificial intelligence technology, face recognition technology has made a major breakthrough, and has been popularized and applied in all areas of life. However, different face structure and pose will affect the accuracy of face recognition. To overcome the problem, a low rank joint sparse representation algorithm for face recognition is proposed. The low rank features of images are extracted by structure independent and pairwise rank decomposition methods. The extracted low rank features of the first level image and the low rank features of the second level image are sparsely represented. Finally, the residual rate model is used to classify the images, and the final result of face recognition is obtained. The experimental results show that the proposed SRP algorithm has a recognition accuracy of more than 92% in two different face recognition tests. In the mixed multi face pose test, PRS algorithm performs best in the recognition of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 multi face pose types, with recognition rates of 95%, 94%, 93%, 91%, and 90% respectively. The algorithm also has excellent recognition performance and robustness in identifying harsh environments such as fuzzy environments. The research content focuses on complex face recognition scenes, innovatively uses low rank to complete the extraction of face feature data, and combines sparse selection of classification features to improve the overall effect of face recognition. It has important reference value for improving the overall security and recognition rate of face recognition.
Improved Zero-DCE for pig face image enhancement with low-light and high-noise
Authors: Gao Ronghua , Dong Jiabin , Li Qifeng , Fenga,c Lu
Published: June 2023

To solve the problem that individual visual features could not be accurately extracted from low-light and high-noise pig face images in intensive farming, the optimal fitting curve parameters of image brightness enhancement were defined, and the Zero-DCE model was improved and Denoise-Net was introduced to achieve brightness enhancement and high-noise suppression of a single low-light pig face image. The experimental results show that, compared with EnlightGAN, Zero-DCE, Retinex, and SSE, the algorithm in this paper (DCE-Denoise-Net) has good results on image quality metrics such as information entropy, Brisque, NIQE, and PIQE in the absence of reference images. The image quality is improved. On the basis of improving the low visibility of low-light images, denoising was achieved. It is more suitable for low-light pig face image enhancement in a real breeding environment.
Research on the control method of the structural stability of the precision tiled-grating
Authors: Liao Yunfei , Tan Bo
Published: June 2023

In a chirped pulse amplification device, tiled grating is a key component for compressing ultrashort pulse laser. The control system of the grating tiling device is essential for maintaining the stability of the array grating. In this study, a proportional-integral-derivative algorithm based on the latch compensation method and four-point center difference method is proposed for a truss-type 2 × 1 grating tiling device. Numerical analyses show that this method avoids the saturation loss in the stability control process of the array grating, effectively suppresses noise interference, and ensures the stability of the array grating. The prototype experiment shows that the use of this control algorithm can significantly improve the convergence speed and stability of the grating tiling device. Specifically, compared with a mechanism without a control algorithm, the time to reach the reference position for the first time is reduced by 39.1%, and the stability of the grating device is improved by 58.5%.
Study on mechanical properties of poplar timber bending members of ancient buildings strengthened with CFRP sheets embedded
Authors: Zhu Zhaoyang , Zhang Bo , Qian Wei
Published: June 2023

The reduction of the section area of timber beams in ancient buildings leads to the decline of their flexural mechanical properties. In order to study the effect of the reinforcement method with near-surface mounted CFRP sheets, three groups of 14 scaled poplar timber beam specimens were designed for static loading tests, and the strengthening effects of the new members replacing the damaged members and the concealed CFRP sheets strengthening the damaged members were compared. The results show that the ultimate flexural capacity and flexural stiffness of the strengthened timber beams are significantly improved compared with the simulated damaged beams; the bending performance of the optimum strengthened timber beam is equivalent to that of the undamaged beam. The distribution of the section strain of the strengthened timber beam along the height of the beam section basically conforms to the plane section assumption. A formula for calculating the ultimate flexural capacity of poplar timber beams strengthened with CFRP sheets is proposed. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Application of improved CNN-based face detection technology in public administration
Authors: Zhao Zhao
Published: June 2023

In public management, intelligent face recognition detection technology plays a very crucial role, which can greatly improve the efficiency of public management and reduce the workload of staff. To address the shortcomings of traditional face detection algorithms such as low detection efficiency and easy overfitting, a face detection model based on convolutional neural network (CNN) was proposed in this study, and the structure of CNN was optimized to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed face detection model. To solve the face detection errors caused by illumination differences, a light compensation strategy was proposed to pre-process the data; meanwhile, a Gaussian curvature filtering algorithm was used to enhance the face image and improve the subsequent detection accuracy. On this basis, a face detection model based on improved CNN was designed in this study. Experiments showed that the accuracy of the model reached 99.86% with high accuracy and efficiency, indicating that such method can improve the efficiency of public management and has good application prospects in access control and check-in systems.
Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction in Animal Models of Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Morton A. Jennifer
Published: June 2023

Sleep and circadian disruption affects most individuals with Huntington’s disease (HD) at some stage in their lives. Sleep and circadian dysregulation are also present in many mouse and the sheep models of HD. Here I review evidence for sleep and/or circadian dysfunction in HD transgenic animal models and discuss two key questions: 1) How relevant are such findings to people with HD, and 2) Whether or not therapeutic interventions that ameliorate deficits in animal models of HD might translate to meaningful therapies for people with HD.
Speaker anonymization using generative adversarial networks
Authors: Jafari Aya , Al-Mousa Amjed , Jafar Iyad
Published: June 2023

The advent use of smart devices has enabled the emergence of many applications that facilitate user interaction through speech. However, speech reveals private and sensitive information about the user’s identity, posing several security risks. For example, a speaker’s speech can be acquired and used in speech synthesis systems to generate fake speech recordings that can be used to attack that speaker’s verification system. One solution is to anonymize the speaker’s identity from speech before using it. Existing anonymization schemes rely on using a pool of real speakers’ identities for anonymization, which may result in associating a speaker’s speech with an existing speaker. Hence, this paper investigates the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) to generate a pool of fake identities that are used for anonymization. Several GAN types were considered for this purpose, and the Conditional Tabular GAN (CTGAN) showed the best performance among all GAN types according to different metrics that measure the naturalness of the anonymized speech and its linguistic content.
Triangular Pythagorean fuzzy Bonferroni mean operators in multiple attribute decision making and applications to college English smart classroom teaching quality evaluation
Authors: Rong Xianghong
Published: June 2023

At the stage of college education, English is a very important subject, which is directly related to the enhancement of college students’ English literacy and the improvement of their English level. From the perspective of mobile internet, the construction and application of college English intelligent classroom teaching mode can promote the reform and improvement of traditional English teaching mode. By giving full play to students’ subjectivity, English teaching can be carried out in a modern teaching classroom environment, which is conducive to strengthening students’ comprehensive English ability, which is also very important and meaningful for building an efficient college English classroom. The college English smart classroom (CESC) teaching quality evaluation is a classical multiple attribute decision making (MADM). In this paper, we define the triangular Pythagorean fuzzy set (TPFS) and investigate the multiple attribute decision making problems under it. Accordingly, we take advantage of traditional Bonferroni mean (BM) operator to develop some triangular Pythagorean fuzzy information operators: triangular Pythagorean fuzzy Bonferroni mean (TPFBM) operator and triangular Pythagorean fuzzy weighted Bonferroni mean (TPFWBM) operator. The dominating natures of these operators are researched. Accordingly, the TPFWBM operator is built for triangular Pythagorean fuzzy MADM. Ultimately, a practical example for CESC teaching quality evaluation is took advantage of to validate the developed approach.
Performance analysis of cyclostationary spectrum sensing with dynamic thresholding using artificial neural network under varying signal to noise ratio and noise variance conditions
Authors: Suba M. , Susan D.
Published: June 2023

A key component of cognitive radio technology is spectrum sensing, which finds and accesses unused frequency bands to efficiently use the underutilized spectrum. A potential method for spectrum sensing called cyclostationary feature detection (CFD) uses the cyclostationary characteristics of signals to distinguish between the signal and noise. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been suggested in recent years as a method for CFD based spectrum detection, which increases detection accuracy and decreases complexity. However, the variable signal to noise ratio (SNR) and noise variance have an impact on the effectiveness of ANNs for CFD-based spectrum sensing. The effectiveness of ANNs for CFD based spectrum sensing under different SNR and noise variance conditions is evaluated in this work for the determination of threshold value in a dynamic way. We look into how SNR and noise variance affect the precision of probability of detection (Pd) and system complexity. Out analysis show how well ANNs work for CFD based spectrum detection with dynamic threshold value in the presence of changing SNR and noise variation. The findings demonstrate that ANNs may still obtain high Pd values with low SNR and large noise variance while maintaining a modest level of system complexity. According to our research, for a variety of SNR and noise variance situations, ANNs may be a viable option for CFD based spectrum detection in cognitive radio (CR) networks. The proposed approach can significantly improve the detection accuracy and reduce the complexity of the system, thereby enhancing the overall performance of cognitive radio networks. Based on the proposed work, it is determined that MPSK modulation function well with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), Rayleigh, and Rician channels up to a lower SNR value of – 30 dB and MQAM supports a lower SNR value of up to – 20 dB.
Open Bite Malocclusion and Orofacial Dysfunction in Patients with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Havner Christina , Roussakis Anna Ödman , Sjögreen Lotta , Westerlund Anna
Published: June 2023

Open bite (OB) is a common malocclusion in individuals with orofacial dysfunction and syndromes, especially in neuromuscular diseases. Objectives: The objectives were to explore the prevalence of OB in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and to create and compare orofacial dysfunction profiles. Methods: In this database study, 143 individuals with DM1 and 99 with DMD were included. The Mun-H-Center questionnaire and observation chart were used together with the Nordic Orofacial Test –Screening (NOT-S) to create orofacial dysfunction profiles. OB was categorised as: lateral (LOB); anterior (AOB); severe anterior (AOBS); or both types of anterior OB (AOBTot). Descriptive and multivariate statistics were used to compare the OB prevalence and to study associations with orofacial variables, respectively. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in OB prevalence between the DM1 (37%) and DMD (49%) groups (p = 0.048). LOB was seen in < 1% of DM1 and 18% of DMD. LOB was associated with macroglossia and closed mouth posture, AOB with hypotonic lips, and open mouth posture and AOBS with hypotonic jaw muscles. The orofacial dysfunction profiles showed similar patterns, although the mean NOT-S total scores for DM1 and DMD were 4.2±2.8 (median 4.0, min-max 1–8) and 2.3±2.0 (median 2.0, min-max 0–8), respectively. Limitations: The two groups were not age- or gender-matched. Conclusion: OB malocclusion is common in patients with DM1 and DMD and is associated with different types of orofacial dysfunction. This study highlights the need for multi-disciplinary assessments to support tailored treatment strategies that improve or sustain orofacial functions.
What Patients Say: Large-Scale Analyses of Replies to the Parkinson’s Disease Patient Report of Problems (PD-PROP)
Authors: Marras Connie , Arbatti Lakshmi , Hosamath Abhishek , Amara Amy , Anderson Karen E. , Chahine Lana M. , Eberly Shirley , Kinel Dan , Mantri Sneha , Mathur Soania , Oakes David , Purks Jennifer L. , Standaert David G. , Tanner Caroline M. , Weintraub Daniel , Shoulson Ira
Published: June 2023

Background:

Free-text, verbatim replies in the words of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have the potential to provide unvarnished information about their feelings and experiences. Challenges of processing such data on a large scale are a barrier to analyzing verbatim data collection in large cohorts.

Objective:

To develop a method for curating responses from the Parkinson’s Disease Patient Report of Problems (PD-PROP), open-ended questions that asks people with PD to report their most bothersome problems and associated functional consequences.

Methods:

Human curation, natural language processing, and machine learning were used to develop an algorithm to convert verbatim responses to classified symptoms. Nine curators including clinicians, people with PD, and a non-clinician PD expert classified a sample of responses as reporting each symptom or not. Responses to the PD-PROP were collected within the Fox Insight cohort study.

Results:

Approximately 3,500 PD-PROP responses were curated by a human team. Subsequently, approximately 1,500 responses were used in the validation phase; median age of respondents was 67 years, 55% were men and median years since PD diagnosis was 3 years. 168,260 verbatim responses were classified by machine. Accuracy of machine classification was 95% on a held-out test set. 65 symptoms were grouped into 14 domains. The most frequently reported symptoms at first report were tremor (by 46% of respondents), gait and balance problems (>39%), and pain/discomfort (33%).

Conclusion:

A human-in-the-loop method of curation provides both accuracy and efficiency, permitting a clinically useful analysis of large datasets of verbatim reports about the problems that bother PD patients.
Non-compliance to Benford distribution as the portfolio default rate determinant in online retail lending
Authors: Penikas Henry
Published: June 2023

There is large online lending growth in volume world-wide. The credit risk concerns point to the fact that most of these loans might be used to redeem earlier borrowed funds. However, the true reasons for online borrowing and lending are unavailable. Benford law is one of the tools used by auditors to monitor how suspicious the transaction is. That is why I wish to study one of the publicly available lending portfolios. Our objective is to trace associativity of compliance to Benford law and reported default rates. I find that MAE is a more statistically significant determinant of the country portfolio default rate, than RMSE. Moreover, the least creditworthy portfolios seem to be those with the MAE around 52–56%, while the closest to Benford and the least adjacent distribution do not demonstrate that large default rates.
Correlated compound geometric frailty models based on reversed hazard rate
Authors: Hanagal David D.
Published: June 2023

Frailty models are used in the survival analysis to account for the unobserved heterogeneity in individual risks to disease and death. To analyze the bivariate data on related survival times (e.g. matched pairs experiments, twin or family data), the shared frailty models were suggested. Shared frailty models are used despite their limitations. To overcome their disadvantages correlated frailty models may be used. In this paper, we introduce the correlated compound geometric frailty models based on reversed hazard rate with three different baseline distributions namely, the generalized log-logistic type I, the generalized log-logistic type II and the modified inverse Weibull. We introduce the Bayesian estimation procedure using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique to estimate the parameters involved in these models. We present a simulation study to compare the true values of the parameters with the estimated values. We also apply the proposed models to the Australian twin data set and a better model is suggested.
Effectiveness of muscle energy technique on the range of motion, flexibility, and function in musculoskeletal disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hussein Hisham M. , Alshdokhi Maryam S. , Almuqati Eman H. , Albjeedi Amal M. , Aljbreen Khayal N. , Albrak Rawabi R. , Alshammari Fahd M. , Ibrahim Ahmed A.
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES:

Muscle energy technique (MET) is a voluntary contraction of a patient’s muscle in a predetermined direction, at varying levels of intensity. Its commonly used as a treatment option in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of MET in the treatment of people with musculoskeletal injuries with particular emphasis on flexibility, range of motion (ROM), and function.

METHODS:

Scopus (via Science Direct), CINAHL via (EBSCO), Embase (via OvidSP), PubMed, and PEDro were searched using specified keywords to select randomized controlled trials that assessed the effect of MET on flexibility, ROM, or function in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Two authors extracted all related information from the included trials and presented them in an excel spreadsheet. Two other authors independently conducted the quality assessment. Meta-analysis was performed where homogeneity (similirty regarding population and outcomes) was sufficient and required data were available.

RESULTS:

A total of 42 studies were included. Yet, twelve joined the meta-analysis where six comparisons were conducted. Of them, four comparisons were composed of two trials, one comparison consisted of six, and another one was composed of four. No statistically significant differences were observed between MET and other comparators regarding function and ROM, especially in patients with low back or neck pain. MET was statistically significantly better than control or sham interventions on the flexibility of patients with sacroiliac joint (SIJ) problems.

CONCLUSIONS:

MET can produce better flexibility than placebo and control interventions in patients with SIJ problems. MET is not better than other interventions regarding function and ROM. Although the existence of multiple trials testing the effectiveness of MET, there is obvious heterogeneity. There is no sufficient evidence to reliably determine the clinical effect of MET in practice.
A benchmark dataset with Knowledge Graph generation for Industry 4.0 production lines
Authors: Yahya Muhammad , Ali Aabid , Mehmood Qaiser , Yang Lan , Breslin John G. , Ali Muhammad Intizar
Published: June 2023

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is a new era in the industrial revolution that emphasizes machine connectivity, automation, and data analytics. The I4.0 pillars such as autonomous robots, cloud computing, horizontal and vertical system integration, and the industrial internet of things have increased the performance and efficiency of production lines in the manufacturing industry. Over the past years, efforts have been made to propose semantic models to represent the manufacturing domain knowledge, one such model is Reference Generalized Ontological Model (RGOM).11 https://w3id.org/rgom However, its adaptability like other models is not ensured due to the lack of manufacturing data. In this paper, we aim to develop a benchmark dataset for knowledge graph generation in Industry 4.0 production lines and to show the benefits of using ontologies and semantic annotations of data to showcase how the I4.0 industry can benefit from KGs and semantic datasets. This work is the result of collaboration with the production line managers, supervisors, and engineers in the football industry to acquire realistic production line data22 https://github.com/MuhammadYahta/ManufacturingProductionLineDataSetGeneration-Football,.33 https://zenodo.org/record/7779522 Knowledge Graphs (KGs) or Knowledge Graph (KG) have emerged as a significant technology to store the semantics of the domain entities. KGs have been used in a variety of industries, including banking, the automobile industry, oil and gas, pharmaceutical and health care, publishing, media, etc. The data is mapped and populated to the RGOM classes and relationships using an automated solution based on JenaAPI, producing an I4.0 KG. It contains more than 2.5 million axioms and about 1 million instances. This KG enables us to demonstrate the adaptability and usefulness of the RGOM. Our research helps the production line staff to take timely decisions by exploiting the information embedded in the KG. In relation to this, the RGOM adaptability is demonstrated with the help of a use case scenario to discover required information such as current temperature at a particular time, the status of the motor, tools deployed on the machine, etc.
Cannabis for medicinal use in patients with rare diseases
Authors: Parovincaka Jekaterina , Szijj Janis Vella , Serracino-Inglott Anthony , Azzopardi Lilian M.
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

Patients with Rare Diseases (RDs) present with chronic and debilitating symptoms such as pain, anxiety and epileptic seizures. Symptoms can be unresponsive to conventional treatment and may lead to a decreased Quality of Life for patients. Cannabinoids have been reported to be efficacious against chronic pain refractory to conventional analgesics, anxiety and seizures.

OBJECTIVE:

Identification of RDs for which Medicinal Cannabis (MC) can be used and identification of issues related to RDs and perceptions on the use of MC in patients with RDs.

METHODS:

Study was divided into 2 phases. Phase 1: Literature Review to identify RDs in which cannabis or cannabinoids are used Phase 2: Development, validation and dissemination of 2 questionnaires for: (i) Health Care Professionals (HCPs) and (ii) RD patients.

RESULTS:

Cannabinoids were described as possible therapeutic agents in 20 RDs. The questionnaires were completed by 101 HCPs and 38 RD patients. Thirty-three HCPs had no experience on use of MC but would consider using it in their practice for management of RDs. Most patients ( n = 29) did not have experience with use of MC and 20 patients would consider using MC to treat their condition or relieve symptoms of their disease.

CONCLUSION:

The study helps identify the potential of MC use in RDs associated with chronic symptoms such as pain, muscle spasticity, seizures and anxiety.