bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Strabismus Surgery on Refractive Error and Anterior Segment Measurement
Authors: TÜRKCAN SOĞUKSULU Tuğçe , TÜRK Adem , ÖZER Ömer
Published: August 2023

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of horizontal strabismus surgery on refractive error and anterior segment parameters.

Material and Methods: Fifty-four eyes of 27 patients were included in this study. Patients underwent repeated refraction measurements and anterior segment evaluation preoperatively, first week, first month, third month, and sixth month postoperatively. Patients were divided into three groups, those who underwent resection (group 1), recession (group 2), and healthy eyes without any surgical intervention (group 3).

Results: The mean age of the patients was 24.4±11.1 years and 14 (51.9%) were female. There was a statistically significant difference in central corneal thickness in group 2 before and after surgery (p=0.037). The mean central corneal thickness was highest in the first week with 548.14±40.42 µm and lowest in the first month with 541.50±41.75 µm after surgery. There was a statistically significant difference in cell density (p=0.004) and mean cell area (p=0.004) between groups 1 and 2 in the first week after surgery. The cell density level was statistically significantly higher in group 1 in all postoperative measurements. In addition, the mean cell area level was statistically significantly lower in group 1.

Conclusion: Strabismus surgery has an effect on anterior segment parameters in addition to correcting eye movements and visual axis. Depending on the type of intervention, the number of affected anterior segment parameters also varies. In the management of the patient in the postoperative period, the anterior segment structures should be carefully evaluated at each examination and the findings should be noted.
Effect of Hydroxytyrosol on Prdx6 Expression in Diabetic Rat Liver
Authors: ALMALI Eda Nur , KARACOR Kayihan , SOYLU Hakan
Published: August 2023

Aim: Oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia, which is the most important complication of diabetes mellitus, causes liver damage. Hydroxytyrosol is a polyphenolic compound abundant in olive oil that protects the liver against oxidative damage. Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) is an anti-oxidative enzyme known to exist in the liver. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroxytyrosol on Prdx6 expression in diabetes-induced liver injury.

Material and Methods: Male Wistar rats were grouped into four as the control group (n=10), hydroxytyrosol group (n=10), streptozotocin group (n=10), and hydroxytyrosol+streptozotocin group (n=10). Blood glucose levels of the animals were measured after streptozotocin injection and at the end of the experiment. The general structure of the liver was examined with a hematoxylin-eosin stain. Prdx6 protein expression was determined with an immunohistochemical method.

Results: In the streptozotocin+hydroxytyrosol group, blood glucose level was found to be lower when compared with the streptozotocin group (p
Źródła filozofii Descartes'a w myśli św. Augustyna
Authors: Śliwiński Tomasz
Published: August 2023

In this article I analyze the similarities between St. Augustine's and Descartes' philosophy. In particular I consider their spiritual conceptions of mind, God, and cognition theory. The most important similarities between both thinkers concern the dualism of substances, cogito/dubito theory, and the conception of immortal human soul, like a thinking thing (res cogitans). Other similarities concern matter conceived as a theoretical construct of extension without thinking, cognition theory and mature knowledge, problems of falsehood and truth, theory of soul and senses perception, theory of mathematical eternal truths, the role of mathematics in nature description, their understanding the biological and spiritual points of view, the relation between human soul and body, limited human and unlimited intellect of God, intention and decision making, and also being and nothingness. The main feature presented in both theories is theocentrism and the role of God. Both conceptions belong to Christian Platonism, then have an anti-Aristotelian character, and can be considered as examples of the philosophy of mind.
The potential of electromyography, diagnostic transcranial magnetic stimulation, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the combinatory assessment of facial nerve disorders: a literature review and clinical case series
Authors: Marchenko Natalia V. , Novokshonov Dmitry Y. , Irikova Mariia A. , Shevchenko Elena Y. , Dubitsky Dmitry L. , Voitenkov Vladislav B. , Alkhazishvili Aleksandr V. , Skripchenko Elena Y.
Published: August 2023

Facial neuropathy (FN) is a complex multicausal problem that, with a seemingly obvious clinical picture, might be challenging to diagnose. Up to 5% of FN cases could be caused by neoplastic or otogenic processes, necessitating an interdisciplinary approach to its treatment by various specialties and in some cases a surgical intervention. In addition, in the early stages of FN, it is difficult to predict its outcomes. Therefore, beyond usual neurological exam and widely used electromyography (EMG), other additional diagnostic tools are used to ensure extended diagnosis, including cancer awareness.
In this paper we have analyzed the principles, role and value of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diagnostic transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with EMG, and ultrasound assessment with a high-frequency linear transducer in acute FN. We present our own clinical cases of pediatric patients with FN, who were assessed with EMG and multiparametric MRI including diffusion tensor imaging. These cases illustrate both the abnormalities found in the typical course of Bell's palsy, as well as the abnormalities in neoplasm-associated FN that clinically fully mimic the Bell's palsy. Based on the world experience in multiparametric MRI, including the use of extended protocols in the Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, in case of suspected FN, the most important are high-resolution structural submillimeter sequences based on the gradient echo (SSFP) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Measurement and assessment of fractional anisotropy at the motor nuclei of the facial nerves in the pons look promising for further research. The paper is the first to describe a modified combination diagnostic approach to Bell's palsy with the use of diagnostic transcranial magnetic stimulation with round coil, supramaximal stimulation with identification of the motor evoked response threshold (minimal inducer power to register a reproducible evoked motor response of 50-100 mV in amplitude) in the occipito-parietal area of the ipsilateral muscle.
Informalidad y grupos marginados en respuesta a las crisis
Authors: Price Roz
Published: August 2023

La pandemia de Covid-19 generó reacciones en cadena que se extienden más allá del ámbito de los riesgos sanitarios y alcanzan las áreas políticas, sociales y económicas. Estas reacciones no se distribuyeron uniformemente y agravaron la marginación y las desigualdades sociales existentes (UNDRR and UNU-EHS 2022: 11). Los trabajadores migrantes e informales, y los que viven en asentamientos informales, se vieron afectados de manera desproporcional por los impactos de la pandemia a la salud, y demás impactos secundarios, que también perjudicaron sus medios de sustento y su habilidad para cubrir sus necesidades básicas y limitaron su habilidad para recuperarse debido a las estrategias de afrontamiento que tuvieron que adoptar (Chen et al. 2022: 19). Al mismo tiempo, una reducción del riesgo de desastres (RRD) exitosa generalmente depende de redes y actores informales (Boersma et al. 2019). Se ha discutido mucho acerca de las limitaciones de los mecanismos formales de gobernanza de desastres, con fallas relacionadas en gran parte con la falta de flexibilidad, las estrategias de coordinación, los incentivos, la comprensión del contexto o el conocimiento (local), además de haber un enfoque en las soluciones tecnocráticas y de infraestructura en lugar de utilizar los recursos locales existentes (Duda, Kelman and Glick 2020: 375). A pesar de esto, todavía predominan los enfoques de gestión de desastres centrados en un solo riesgo a corto plazo (Donoghoe et al. 2022). Una investigación respaldada por Covid-19 Responses for Equity Programme (CORE), que cuenta con el apoyo del Centro Internacional de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo (IDRC), señala la necesidad de disposiciones especiales que aborden los desafíos actuales y futuros de los trabajadores informales en la respuesta a desastres (Pillai et al. 2022b). Esto requiere no solo incluir a los trabajadores informales en las políticas de recuperación del Covid-19, sino también colocarlos en un lugar central de las políticas económicas, sociales y de desastres (Alfers et al. 2022). Se debe priorizar ciertas acciones, incluyendo la necesidad de mejores datos, la revisión de políticas para garantizar que abarquen consideraciones de género y medidas de protección social que incluyan a trabajadores migrantes e informales, y un mayor reconocimiento a la función significativa que tienen las organizaciones de base en el apoyo a grupos marginados en tiempos de crisis.
STAVOVI UČENIKA O PRIMENI DIGITALNOG KVIZA U NASTAVI BIOLOGIJE U SREDNJOJ ŠKOLI
Authors: Atanasković Marija , Stojšić Ivan , Stanisavljević Ljubiša , Stanisavljević Jelena
Published: August 2023

Digitalni kviz je poseban vid digitalnih igara koji je auditivno i vizuelno privlačan učenicima. Kahut (Kahoot!) kviz je jedan od digitalnih kvizova koji se danas široko koristi u obrazovanju. Cilj istraživanja je bio ispitati stavove učenika (N = 83) o primeni Kahut kviza u nastavi biologije u srednjoj školi. Stavovi učenika su analizirani i sa aspekta varijabli: pol, ocena iz biologije (na polugodištu) i ranija iskustva sa digitalnim kvizovima. U istraživanju je primenjen upitnik iz tri dela (I - pitanja koja se odnose na osnovne informacije i podatke o analiziranim varijablama, II - Likertova skala i III - otvoreno pitanje). Obradom prikupljenih podataka zaključeno je da su učenici iskazali pozitivne stavove prema Kahut kvizu, smatraju ga korisnim za utvrđivanje gradiva i većina je izrazila želju da se on primenjuje i u okviru drugih nastavnih predmeta. Nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike na nivou cele skale za analizirane varijable. Međutim, statistički značajne razlike su utvrđene za dva iskaza u odnosu na pol, odnosno učenice prijavljuju jači emocionalni doživljaj (kada odgovaraju na pitanja Kahut kviza) od učenika. Takođe, pored sviđanja i zadovoljstva, jedna od izdvojenih tema iz komentara (odgovora na otvoreno pitanje) je uzbuđenost i takmičarski duh. Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazuju da primena Kahut kviza može povećati angažovanje učenika na časovima biologije, ali treba voditi računa da uzbuđenost ne pređe u stres i frustraciju. Planiraju se dalja istraživanja kako bi se ispitalo da li uvođenje ove inovacije u dužem vremenskom periodu održava motivisanost učenika i da li utiče na njihov uspeh iz biologije.
UTICAJ PRIMENE SISTEMA ZA UPRAVLJANJE UČENJEM NA POSTIGNUĆA UČENIKA U NASTAVI PRIRODE I DRUŠTVA
Authors: Stanković Dušan
Published: August 2023

U radu je predstavljeno istraživanje čiji je cilj bio da se utvrdi da li i u kojoj meri rad pomoću sistema za upravljanje učenjem u nastavi prirode i društva doprinosi postizanju boljeg uspeha učenika. Za potrebe istraživanja odabran je uzorak od devet odeljenja četvrtog razreda nakon čega su formirane dve grupe, eksperimentalna i kontrolna, sa ukupno 209 učenika. Tokom tri meseca 105 učenika eksperimentalne grupe savladavalo je nastavne sadržaje pomoću sistema za upravljanje učenjem, dok su 104 učenika kontrolne grupe nastavne sadržaje savladavali uobičajenim načinom rada. Nakon eksperimentalnog programa učenici obe grupe su podvrgnuti finalnom testu znanja. Na osnovu poređenja rezultata ove dve grupe učenika došli smo do zaključka da je primena sistema za upravljanje učenjem u nastavi prirode i društva doprinela postizanju statistički značajno boljeg uspeha učenika eksperimentalne grupe. Posebno nas je interesovao kvalitet usvojenih znanja, tako da smo efikasnost sistema za upravljanje učenjem sagledali i sa stanovišta obrazovnih standarda za kraj prvog ciklusa obaveznog obrazovanja. Poređenjem ukupnog broja bodova koje su učenici eksperimentalne i kontrolne grupe postigli na osnovnom, srednjem i naprednom nivou došli smo do zaključka da je primenjeni model rada doprineo postizanju statistički značajno boljeg uspeha učenika eksperimentalne grupe, koji su nastavne sadržaje prirode i društva usvajali pomoću sistema za upravljanje učenjem.
estratégias de política editorial de moderação do The Guardian para a comunidade on-line de leitores
Authors: Macedo Keyse Caldeira de Aquino , Quadros Claudia Irene de
Published: August 2023

Este artigo pretende analisar de que forma as estratégias da política editorial de moderação de um dos maiores jornais do mundo, o The Guardian, pavimentaram a consolidação da comunidade on-line de leitores na plataforma digital do periódico britânico. A proposta é demonstrar o quanto o enfrentamento da problemática da interação (por meio de comentários) levou o The Guardian a construir uma comunidade fortalecida e disposta a se posicionar. A reflexão aqui apresenta alguns dos resultados encontrados em uma pesquisa sobre a participação de leitores no jornalismo longform. Por meio desse estudo de caso, revisitamos teóricos para confrontá-los com as práticas de moderação e os dados da pesquisa documental. Vislumbra-se que a formação de uma comunidade on-line de leitores está ancorada na compreensão e valorização do público-leitor, assim como no estímulo à lealdade ao projeto jornalístico por meio de estratégias de interação eficazes e amparadas na moderação das discussões.
How Brazilian oral health care workers face COVID-19
Authors: Palma Luciana Zambillo , Bitencourt Fernando Valentim , Velho Gabriel Ricardo , Pires Fabiana Schneider , Baldani Márcia Helena , Colussi Claudia Flemming , Warmling Cristine Maria
Published: August 2023

Aim: To investigate surveillance, biosafety, and education strategies of Brazilian oral health care workers (OHCWs) during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study covering OHCWs from a single multicenter research centre. A self-administered and validated online questionnaire was used for data collection, including the following variables: sociodemographic, medical history, biosafety, professional experience, surveillance, and education. Results: The sample consisted of 644 OHCWs (82.5% dentists, 13.2% dental assistants and 4.3% technicians), most without comorbidities (84.8%), from the public (51.7%) and private (48.3%) health systems, in 140 cities of a southern state. The most prominent measures of surveillance were waiting room distancing and visual alerts, symptom assessment, and availability of guidelines on COVID-19. Regarding biosafety measures, the lowest adherence was related to intraoral radiographs (2.7±1.4; 95%CI: 2.6–2.9), use of dental dams (2.1±1.4; 95%CI: 2.0–2.2), and availability of high-power suction systems (2.5±1.7; 95%CI: 2.3–2.6). Among OHCWs, 52.6% received guidance on measures to take during dental care in the workplace. Continuing education was mainly through documents from non-governmental health authorities (77.4%). Conclusion: Surveillance and biosafety measures were adopted, but activities that reduce the spread of aerosols had less adherence. These findings underscore the importance of considering dental practices, and surveillance and education strategies to formulate policies and relevant support to address health system challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. A coordinated action of permanent education by policymakers is necessary.
Success and survival rates of immediate anatomic zirconia implants
Authors: Al-Shorbaji Al-Moziek Mohammed Yamen , AlKhouri Issam , Shurbaji Mozayek Rami
Published: August 2023

Modern immediate titanium implants have two major drawbacks which are the black metal appearance that might be seen through the mucosa and the gap between implant and extraction socket. Immediate anatomical zirconia implants were introduced to match the shape of the extracted root and fill the socket without gaps while still providing better metal-free appearance. Aim: This study aims to investigate success and survival rates of immediate anatomical zirconia implants. Methods: This prospective interventional study was held between 2017 and 2020 in the faculty of dental medicine, Damascus University, Syria. The sample consisted of 27 immediate anatomical zirconia implants in 21 patients from both genders. Implants were designed and manufactured starting from CBCT image and prior to extraction. Specialized software applications were used to modify implant design. Implants went through different processing procedures to make them ready for insertion immediately after tooth extraction. Restorations were made after a minimum period of 3 months, clinical and radiographic follow ups were performed after 10 - 13.5 months from restoring the implants in order to evaluate their success/ survival. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess marginal bone loss, t test for probing depth assessment. Results: Immediate anatomical zirconia implants showed success in (n=17) 63% of total cases, satisfactory survival (n=3) 11.1%, compromised survival (n=2) 7.4% and they failed in (n=5) 18.5%. Conclusions: Immediate anatomical zirconia implants had low success/survival rates when compared to conventional immediate implants. Therefore, they cannot be considered as a predictable alternative in their current form.
Material educativo de preparação para o parto - Parte 2
Authors: Sanfelice Clara Fróes de Oliveira , Bueno Thais Munhoz
Published: August 2023

Trata-se da continuidade do Projeto de Iniciação Científica da aluna Thais, a qual já desenvolveu a parte 1 do material (já está catalogado) Neste momento, ela desenvolveu a parte 2 do projeto de pesquisa, que se trata de um material educativo, dividido em mais 4 capítulos, os quais abordam importantes aspectos da gestação e de preparação para o parto, para estimular uma gestação saudável e uma experiência de parto positiva.
Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS)
Authors: Kraus Lalita
Published: August 2023

A agenda da smart city tem ocupado de forma crescente o debate público e privado acerca de modelos urbanos supostamente mais sustentáveis. Com o presente artigo queremos propor uma discussão crítica acerca de modelos urbanos inteligentes, a partir das contribuições teóricas do campo de estudo da Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS). O objetivo é analisar a narrativa sobre cidade inteligente a partir da análise do sentido conferido à tecnologia. Isso é feito mediante a consideração de duas abordagens interpretativas: a primeira que foca apenas na relação entre ciência e tecnologia e a segunda que inclui a sociedade como elementos determinante nessa relação. Como resultado, mostramos de que forma podemos observar na agenda smart uma visão tecnológica marcada pelo determinismo e neutralidade. Ao mesmo tempo, sugerimos uma abordagem sociotécnica que, ao considerar a funcionalidade entre tecnologia e sociedade, possa evidenciar implicações sociais e agenciamentos na cidade inteligente.
Quando novas juventudes entram em cena
Authors: Mello João Camargo de Albuquerque
Published: August 2023

O presente trabalho busca compreender a relação entre Mário de Andrade e o grupo Verde de Cataguases, tomando o modernismo como movimento cultural. A partir disso, identifica-se nas cartas trocadas entre eles uma forma de aprendizado estético modernista direcionado àquela juventude, produzida por Mário de Andrade a partir de um ideal de self modernista. Trabalhando as cartas iniciais dessa correspondência, pretende-se observar de que forma aqueles jovens interagem com os valores que circulavam naquela troca epistolar. Tomando a carta enquanto uma escrita de si errática, nossa hipótese é a de que, a partir delas, observa-se uma rotinização do modernismo, se fazendo por meio de um aprendizado social formulado a partir de um self modernista aberto e inacabado.
Application of Picosecond Laser in Dermatology
Authors: Bintanjoyo Lunardi , Indramaya Diah Mira
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Background: Lasers are one of the most important treatment modalities in dermatology. Lasers interact with chromophores through several mechanisms that depend on fluence and pulse durations. Early lasers worked by photothermal interaction with pulse durations of 1 microsecond to 1 second. A picosecond laser is developed to confine photothermal effects and produce photomechanical effects and plasma induction. Purpose: To understand the mechanism of action and application of picosecond lasers for dermatological disorders. Review: Non-fractional picosecond lasers work by photomechanical interaction. Photomechanical interaction happens when pulse duration is less than inertial confinement time, causing fractures of chromophores with lower energy, or “cold ablation”. Fractional picosecond lasers work by laser-induced optical breakdown (LIOB). In LIOB, accelerated seed electrons cause an electron avalanche that produce a collection of free electrons called plasma, which ablates tissues. LIOB in the skin is always followed by photodisruption. In LIOB, vacuoles and debris were eliminated transdermally and dermal collagen and elastin increased. Picosecond laser may be applied in disorders requiring destruction of chromophores and for collagen and elastin disorders. It is currently the first-line treatment for tattoo removal (Nevus of Ota and Acquired Bilateral Nevus of Ota-like macules, or ABNOM). It has good efficacy and safety for solar lentigines, freckles, and cafe-au-lait macules (CALM). It is an additional treatment for moderate to severe melasma and hypertrophic scars, in combination with other treatments. The fractional picosecond laser showed moderate improvement and low risk of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) for atrophic acne scars and produced improvement in striae alba.
Relevancy of the “Health Belief Model” on Behavior in Seeking Treatment among Families of Patients with Mental Disorders in the Work Area of the Public Health Center Taman Sidoarjo East Java
Authors: Eka Sari Jayanti Dian , Riris Diana Rachmayanti  , Namirah Aulia Rizki Herdianisah  , Andrei Ramani  , Rachmah Indawati  , Aninditya Ardhana Riswari  , Ismayani  , Anysiah Ely Yulianti
Published: August 2023

Background: Mental health is a part that is related to health and wellness. One of the indicators in Gerakan Masyarakat (GERMAS) [”society movement”] stated that people with mental disorders should be treated and not abandoned. Nevertheless, nowadays it is still common to find people with mental disorders that do not receive proper medical care. Aims: The aim of this research is to measure cues to action and self-efficacy of the family behavior in seeking treatment for people with mental disorders within the work area of the Public Health Centre Taman Sidoarjo. Method: This research utilized the observational method with the cross-sectional study design and was analyzed with the Health Belief Model (HBM) theory approach. Result: The statistical analysis results using the Pearson Chi-Square test with a significance level of < 0.05 showed a p-value of 0.034 for perceived susceptibility and severity, a p-value of 0.180 for perceived threat, a p-value of 0.009 for perceived benefit, a p-value of 0.696 for perceived barriers, a p-value of 0.555 for self-efficacy, and p-value of 0.099 for cues to action. Based on these results, it can be concluded that perceived susceptibility and severity have a positive relationship with the family behavior in seeking treatment, which means the more perceived susceptibility, and severity increase, the more the family behavior in seeking treatment for people with mental disorders increases. Conclusion: Likewise, perceived benefit has a positive relationship with the family’s behavior in seeking treatment. However, perceived threat, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action have no relationship with the family behavior in seeking treatment for people with mental disorders.
Implementation of Health Education Counseling on Breast Self Examination (BSE) with Android Media on Breast Cancer Prevention Behavior in Balikpapan
Authors: Hazanah Sri , Nilam Noorma
Published: August 2023

Background: Breast cancer is a frightening disease for women. The prevalence of breast cancer in Indonesia is 109 per 100,000 population. The most cancer in EastKalimantan in 2014 was breast cancer with 179 people and in 2015 it rose to 424 people, this case experienced an increase of 56.28%. Aims: The aim of the researchers was to implement breast self-examination health education counseling (BSE) with Android media on breast cancer prevention behavior in Balikpapan.  Method: This research method is a quasi-experimental study with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The sample in this study was 2 groups of cadres totaling 50 people, each 25 people in the control group and 25 in the intervention group with ages 18-55 years. Results: The results of the study showed an increase in knowledge (good 48%, enough 40%, less 12%) and increased behavior about BSE (good 44%, enough 48%, less 8%), there was a difference in knowledge before and after being given BSE counseling using android media (p-value = 0.362). There are differences in behavior before and after being given the BSE counseling treatment using Android media (p-value = 0.607). Conclusion: Providing counseling using Android media provides better benefits.
Effectivity of Pregnancy Paper Fan and Android Notification System Toward Knowledge, Attitude, and Adherence of Pregnant Women on Iron Supplements Consumption
Authors: Armi Widdefrita , Novelasari  , Rahmiati Eka , Audia Nadira Nindy
Published: August 2023

Background: Anemia during pregnancy is a kind of problem that most expectant mothers are dealing with. Consuming iron supplements is one kind of solution to lower the cases of anemia. However, the number of anemia in expectant mothers in West Sumatra is still high, 43% of them experience anemia in pregnancy and 52% of them did not adhere to consuming iron supplements. Purpose: Creating two kinds of media to motivate expectant mothers in consuming iron supplements, which are pregnancy paper fan and an Android notification system installed on their mobile phones, as well as to determine the effectivity of both media on knowledge, attitude, and adherence on consuming iron supplements. Methods: The population of this research is expectant mothers with a number of sample 110 respondents, where 55 respondents were intervened with pregnancy paper fan and 55 respondents were intervened by an android notification system. Results: The result of the bivariate analysis shows that the Android notification system has a significant impact on the adherence, knowledge, and attitude of expectant mothers on consuming iron supplements during pregnancy. However, the pregnancy paper fan has a significant impact only on knowledge and the adherence of expectant mothers on consuming iron supplements, while there is no significant impact on attitude toward consuming iron supplements. Conclusion: The use of the Android Notification System is effective on knowledge, attitudes, and compliance of expectant mothers on consuming iron supplements.
FACTORS RELATED TO EYE FATIGUE IN CUSTOMER SERVICE EMPLOYEES 2022
Authors: Putri Gunawan Arni , Cempaka Putri Eka , Millah Izzatu , Handayani Rini
Published: August 2023

Background: Eye fatigue is a symptom caused by excessive efforts of the visual system, which is in less than perfect condition to obtain visual acuity. This is influenced by gender, duration, and distance of viewing the monitor. Purpose: Analyze the factors and images related to eye fatigue in customer service employees at PT X in 2021. Method: Descriptive study with cross-sectional design with the total sampling method. The sample in this study was 50 people. The population in this study was 50. This research was conducted on December 27 – January 5, 2022. Data collection was obtained by collecting primary data and secondary data. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate using the Chi-square test. Result: That the highest proportion is found in employees who experience eye fatigue complaints as many as 44 people (88%), in employees aged ≤40 years as many as 42 people (84%), employees who have female sex as many as 32 people (64% ), employees who have a working period of >3 years as many as 45 people (90%), had computer use >8 hours a day as many as 46 people (92%), saw a monitor distance of 50 cm as many as 38 people (76%), and there was a relationship between gender (p-value = 0.001), duration of computer use (p-value = 0.004), monitor viewing distance (p-value = 0.002) with the incidence of eye fatigue in customer service employees at PT X in 2022. Conclusion: The results show that eye fatigue does not get worse by placing the computer in such a way that there is no light reflection, conducting periodic medical check-up, and educating employees to intersperse computer use time.
PROFILE OF INCOMPATIBLE REACTIONS TO PACKED RED CELL TRANSFUSION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AT SANGLAH HOSPITAL
Authors: Arsana I Nyoman , Puspa Adi Ni Nyoman Sri , Juliasih Ni Ketut Ayu
Published: August 2023

Background: Since the prevalence of chronic renal failure disease has increased. Packed Red Cell (PRC) transfusions were a common way to replace the kidneys' function in filtration. However, the reaction caused was not widely reported. Purpose: To assess the profile of incompatible reactions in PRC transfusions of chronic kidney disease patients at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Method: A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design was employed to identify incompatibility reactions in 210 patients using medical records from July–December 2021 at Sanglah Hospital in Denpasar. Sample determination using saturated sampling techniques and data analysis were carried out descriptively. Result: Incompatible reactions in patients with chronic renal failure at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar still affected 57 people (27.14%) out of 210 people with chronic renal failure. This condition could increase fatalities in various health services if not appropriately handled. Incompatible reactions could occur, and the higher risk was in patients of the male sex who were elderly (45–65 years), had blood type O, had hemoglobin (Hb) levels ranging from 6.1–9.0 g/dL, and had conducted PRC transfusions above three pouches with a frequency of more than three times. Conclusion: People with chronic kidney failure still had a high chance of having an incompatible reaction after a PRC transfusion. Many different things caused these reactions. Incompatibility reactions in people with chronic kidney failure should happen less often in the future if they were evaluated and found early.
BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF WOUND INFECTION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN SURABAYA, INDONESIA
Authors: Ayunur Kholifah Ika , Wahyu Indriati Dwi , Wahyuni Ratna , Sundari Aliyah Siti
Published: August 2023

Background: Pyogenic infections that occur can be caused by direct bacterial contamination of the wound, such as infection in a post-surgical wound or infection after trauma. Efforts to control infection can be done with the use of antibiotics. Purpose: To determine the profile of bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity in wound culture in hospitalized patients in Hajj General Hospital Surabaya, East Java in 2021. Method: This study used the Chi-square test and descriptive analysis in the form of distribution tables and percentages using secondary data based on the results of examination of pus culture at the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory in Hajj General Hospital Surabaya, East Java in 2021. Result: The results of research on wound culture samples showed as many as 113 patients (56.22%) with positive culture results, which were predominantly female as many as 59 patients (50.9%) and the highest age category namely at the age of 46-55 years as many as 39 patients (33.6%). Based on bacteria, the most dominant type of bacteria in the Gram-negative group was Escherichia coli ESBL with 21 isolates (26.6%), while Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, was found in 16 isolates (43.3). The results of antibiotic sensitivity on Gram-negative bacteria were Piperacillin/Tazobactam and Meropenem, and on Gram-positive bacteria Vancomycin and Linezolid were obtained. Conclusion: E. coli and S. aureus are the most important causes of wound infections and the suppressor organisms in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of all isolates showed that the antibiotics amikacin and meropenem were sensitive to Gram-negative bacteria especially ESBL-producing bacteria, and the antibiotics vancomycin and linezolid were sensitive to Gram-positive bacteria especially MRSA.
THE TOTAL LEUKOCYTE COUNT OF ELDERLY PATIENTS CONFIRMED COVID-19 WITH/WITHOUT A VENTILATOR IN A SURABAYA GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2021
Authors: Fitriani Safira Indah , Handayani Nur Septia , Widyastuti Erlinda , Kurniati Anita
Published: August 2023

Background: Coronavirus is a virus that attacks the immune system, especially the human respiratory system. The elderly are at high risk of being infected with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19), and as they get older, they are at risk of experiencing severe symptoms when infected with COVID-19. Leukocytes play a role in the immune system against foreign objects. The leukocyte count will decrease in the elderly. On the other hand, the increase of leukocytes plays a role as a clinical sign that is useful to be a predictor of body immunity when infected with COVID-19. Purpose: To determine the total leukocyte count in elderly patients that were confirmed COVID-19 and hospitalized with and without a ventilator. Method: This study was a cross-sectional design study involving 93 elderly patients in General Hospital Surabaya. Result: The results showed no difference in the total leukocyte count in elderly hospitalized patients with and without a ventilator (p-value = 0.756). Age above 70 years old increases the risk of patients requiring a ventilator up to 1.7 times compared to patients under 70 years old. The highest leukocyte count was 20.880/mm3, and the lowest was 3.760/mm3. The ratio of leukocyte count in elderly patients with a ventilator group is 1 : 3 for low and high leukocyte counts, respectively. Conclusion: Leukocyte count is an important parameter as the predictor of the progression of the disease and helps in the decision regarding treatment strategy to prevent the cytokine storm.
Monitoring of three-phase distribution power transformer based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and SCADA
Authors: Badruzzaman Yusnan , Razaqi Revi Alvin
Published: August 2023

The three-phase distribution transfomer, equipment for stepping down the voltage from medium (20/11,5 kV) to low voltage network (400/231 V) with a constant power,  is a type of the PT. PLN (Persero) assets which has a direct relationship with customers. The condition and the performance of transformer are affecting on how the continuity of the electricity distributed. Hence, the monitoring process of three-phase distribution transfomer condition and performance should be done. Some elements which have to be monitored such as voltage (ZMPT101B sensor), current (ACS712 30 A sensor), power, and transfomer load. Those elements could be included as an electrical indicator.And then the transfomer’s temperature (DS18B20 sensor) and the oil transfomer level (HC SR04 sensor) could be included as a mechanical indicator. All of the sensors are processed and programmed with Arduino Mega 2560 which has been connected directly into an additional modul called Ethernet shield and router. The results then emitted by WiFi into SCADA to be shown. The results shown by SCADA is the information whether transformer need to be maintened or not
Deindustrialization, tertiarization and suburbanization in Central and Eastern Europe. Lessons from Bucharest City, Romania
Authors: Săgeată* Radu Danut , Mitrică Bianca , Cercleux Andreea-Loreta , Bǎlteanu Dan , Hardi Tamas
Published: August 2023

This paper intends to delve deeply into the current understanding of the ways in which the transition from a central-based economy to an economy relying on free competition, has led to changes in the big urban centres, bringing about a change in the relationships with the suburban areas. The authors take into account the high population density, the lack of space and the elevated price of terrains inside the big cities, hence urban functions migrate beyond the administrative boundaries, thus favouring the process of suburbanization. Within this context, commercial forces are shifted, migrating from the centre to the urban peripheries, or even outside them. This research is based on a comprehensive process of participative investigation (2012-2022) in Bucharest, Ro-mania’s capital city. The research relies on field investigation, statistical and quantitative analyses and bibliographical sources. The conclusions rely primarily on the idea that political changes cannot be separated from economic, cultural and environmental ones, highlighting globalizing flows and the development of big cities. Industrial activities, strongly developed within a central-based economy, have significantly declined, partly compensated for by the development of the tertiary sector and of commercial services, in particular, leading to a functional reconversion of the urban peripheries and of suburban areas. The conclusions suggest that it is very important to be highly careful towards the dilemmas and provocations ensuing from uncontrolled urban growth, therefore several measures of urban planning should be taken with a view to achieving a better co-operation between urban stakeholders and those from the metropolitan areas so as to attain some common objectives in infrastructure in order to reach an integrated regional development.
Effects of Chronic Heat Stress on Lung and Growth Performance in Cherry-Valley Ducks under Different Ambient Temperatures
Authors: Tang Min , Liu Yi , Sun Dongyue , Xu Congcong , Li Kongdong , Zhang Hantao , Gu Jie , Shan Chaofan , Ying Shijia
Published: August 2023

Chronic heat stress (CHS) has been exerting great pressure on the poultry industry due to the global warming. CHS-induced negative impacts deeply change the physiology, metabolism, egg production and meat quality of ducks. To reduce the increasing economic loss, different environmental strategies have been adopted. Here, we comprehensively compared three rearing modes for Cherry-Valley ducks (CVds) mainly by changing the environmental temperature. Plus, the transcriptome analysis and physiological anatomy were implied to investigate the underlying molecular biology and pneumonocyte dynamics. It turns out that the CVds affected by CHS have poor growth performance and bad carcass traits. In addition, the irreversible damage caused by CHS in the lung tissue of CVds was observed. Furthermore, several potential genes related to CHS have been found, such as HSPA8, IGF1, FGFR1, ACSL3, ACSL6, NR1H3 and GAPDH. This study strongly indicates the severe injury of CHS from the high-temperature environment and points out one of the adopting directions for duck rearing.
From Consciousness to Emotion - On the Intelligent Evolution of Complex Systems
Authors: Shan Guangjun
Published: August 2023

Current artificial intelligence (AI) technology is still considered weak AI. However, the progression towards strong AI unavoidably involves grappling with concerns surrounding consciousness, the mind, and creativity. This paper focuses on analyzing consciousness, creativity, and the generation of emotions to explore the possibility of machine-based consciousness, creativity, and emotion. We believe that the emergence of consciousness relies on the complex interplay at different layers within a complex system, rather than wholly relying on the underlying substrates of the system. Thus, it is plausible to consider the existence of machine-based consciousness, creativity, and emotion. Furthermore, swarm intelligence should be recognized as a distinct form of intelligence. Human individuals serve as the foundational substrate enabling the realization of swarm intelligence, with individual intelligence reflecting the projection of swarm intelligence at the individual level. The advanced state of human civilization is primarily attributable to the effect of swarm intelligence. Building upon basic emotions to adapt to environmental conditions, advanced human emotions are a product of the evolutionary process by swarm intelligence. Emotions serve as a pivotal impetus for the formation and development of societies grounded in swarm intelligence. In pursuit of super-AI that surpasses human civilization in the future, nurturing swarm intelligence represents an inevitable trajectory.
Brainstorming Will Never Be The Same Again – Human Group Supported by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Lavrič Franc , Škraba Andrej
Published: August 2023

Modification of the brainstorming process by the application of artificial intelligence (AI) is proposed. System design of the software tool “kresilnik” is provided, which enables hybrid work of the human group and AI. The proposed system integrates OpenAI-GPT-3.5-turbo model with the server side providing the results to clients. The proposed architecture provides the possibility to not only generate ideas but also categorize them and set priorities. With the developed prototype, 760 ideas were generated on the topic of the design of the Gorenjska region development plan at eight different values of OpenAI-GPT-3.5-turbo algorithm temperatures. For the set of generated ideas, the entropy was determined, as well as the time needed for generation. Entropy distributions of the human group as well as AI-generated sets of ideas at different OpenAI-GPT-3.5-turbo algorithm temperatures, are provided in the form of histograms. Ideas were presented as a word cloud for one human group and AI-generated sets. A comparison of the idea-generation process between the human group and AI was conducted. The statistical Mann-Whitney U-test was performed, which confirmed the significant differences in the average entropy of generated ideas. Correlations between the length of the generated ideas and the time needed were determined for the human group and AI. Distributions for needed times and length of the ideas were determined, which are possible indicators to distinguish between human and artificial idea generation processes.
Nitrogen Fixation in Basal Nodes of Rice Unelongated Culm Sustained by Carbohydrate Contents and Bacterial Microbiota
Authors: Ao Zhalaga , Tsuchiya Miu , Hayakawa Chie , Takahashi Yukitsugu , Hirai Hideaki , Maeda Isamu
Published: August 2023

In rice, symbiotic N fixation via nodule bacteroids does not take place naturally. Although N fixation by endophytic and associative diazotrophs has been reported in rice, main organs and seasonal regulation for the N fixation have not been elucidated. In this study, therefore, seasonal changes of nitrogenase (acetylene reduction) activity and carbohydrate contents in culm internode (IN), basal nodes (BN), and crown root (CR) were investigated in manure compost (MC)- and chemical fertilizer-applied rice. Nitrogenase activity increased after rooting, and reached the highest activity in BN of MC-applied rice at panicle initiation. In BN of MC-applied rice, the sucrose content was low whereas the higher glucose content was detected at panicle initiation. Although bacterial and diazotrophic bacterial populations were most abundant in CR, the nitrogenase activity seemed to be restricted by its trace sucrose and glucose contents. In addition, alpha-Proteobacteria and Clostridia phyla were abundant in BN-specific bacterial microbiota at panicle initiation. These results suggest that the increased N fixation in BN at panicle initiation might be sustained both by the non-structural carbohydrate supply from photosynthetic apparatus and BN-specific bacterial microbiota including diazotrophs.
Metabolomics Integration in Assisted Reproductive Technologies for Enhanced Embryo Selection Beyond Morphokinetic Analysis
Authors: Pinto Soraia , Guerra-Carvalho Barbara , Crisóstomo Luís , Rocha António , Barros Alberto , Alves Marco G , Oliveira Pedro F.
Published: August 2023

Embryo quality evaluation during in vitro development is vital for the success of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). However, the subjective morphological assessment by embryologists may result in inconsistencies that affect the selection of the best embryo for transfer. To provide a more comprehensive evaluation of embryo quality, we performed the integration of embryo metabolomics with standardized morphokinetic classification. The culture medium of 55 embryos (from 21 couples undergoing ICSI) was collected at two timepoints (day 3 and 5). Samples were split into Good (n=29), Lagging (n=19) and Bad (n=10) according to embryo morphokinetic evaluation. Embryo metabolic performance was assessed by 1H-NMR, monitoring the variation of specific metabolites (pyruvate, lactate, alanine, glutamine, acetate, formate). Adjusted metabolite differentials were observed during the first three days of culture and found to be discriminative of embryo quality at the end of day 5. Pyruvate, alanine, glutamine, and acetate were major contributors to this discrimination. Good and Lagging embryos were found to export and accumulate pyruvate and glutamine in the 3 first days of culture, while Bad embryos consumed them. This suggests that Bad embryos have a less active metabolism than Good and Lagging embryos and these two metabolites as putative biomarkers for embryo quality. This study provides a more comprehensive evaluation of embryo quality and can lead to improvements in ART by enabling the selection of the best embryos. By combining morphological assessment and metabolomics, the selection of high-quality embryos with the potential to result in successful pregnancies may become more accurate and consistent.
Safety and Effectiveness of Naproxen 220mg + Paracetamol 300mg + Pamabrom 25mg Fixed Dose Combination in Women With Premenstrual Syndrome: A Post-marketing, Open-Label, Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Study
Authors: Peña-Jiménez Alvaro E. , Benítez-Aguilar Omar , Villegas Jesús E. , González-de la Parra Mario , Delgado-Roche Livan
Published: August 2023

Premenstrual syndrome is characterized by pain and symptoms affecting the women´s quality of life. We aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of an oral fixed dose combination containing naproxen 220 mg + paracetamol 300 mg + pamabrom 25 mg tablet (Analgen Fem®) during the routine clinical practice. A prospective, open-label, multicenter, observational post-marketing study was conducted from December 2017 to December 2019 including 270 women older than 18 years. Primary endpoint was the proportion of adverse events, meanwhile the pain intensity, premenstrual syndrome symptoms, and patient proportion with a pain score reduction by at least 50% were secondary endpoints. The mean age of population was 28.9 ± 8.8 years. Among the 270 women, 8 (3%) experienced 10 adverse events. These were headache (5/8), gastritis (2/8) dyspepsia (1/8), diarrhea (1/8) and nausea (1/8). The investigator discontinued the study medication in 3/8 patients because of adverse events. The median of differences between the pain intensity at baseline and at last observation (-4.5, 95%CI; -5, -4) demonstrated that naproxen 220 mg + paracetamol 300 mg + pamabrom 25 mg fixed dose combination reduced pain intensity (p<0.001). In addition, the proportion of patients with pain reduction by at least 50% at the end of the treatment was 70.7%. The study demonstrated that this drug represents a safe and tolerated treatment, reducing pain intensity and premenstrual symptoms.