bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potencialidades del lactosuero generado por la industria quesera y su valorización
Authors: Quille Quille Lenin , Luque Vilca Olivia Magaly , Aruhuanca Ordoñez Fiorella Pilar
Published: December 2021

El impacto ambiental de la industria quesera está en el vertido de lactosuero que generan fuentes de contaminación sobre el suelo, aire y agua, este problema se observa con mayor frecuencia en la industria quesera artesanal, la gran mayoría de las plantas queseras no tienen aun totalmente resuelto el destino del lactosuero, situación que provoca impactos ambientales negativos. El objetivo del documento es promover a dar respuesta a una de las principales problemáticas que afronta hoy el sector de las industrias lácteas de pequeña y mediana escala ya que las bondades del lactosuero desechados y cuya valorización puede contribuir a la seguridad alimentaria y desarrollo sostenible de la industria quesera. La metodología utilizada es el análisis documental referente al uso de lactosuero proveniente de la industria quesera y economía circular relacionada a dicha actividad. Concluyéndose que la economía circular es perfectamente aplicable a uso del lactosuero generado en la industria quesera, aprovechando el lactosuero podemos obtener distintos productos como las bebidas lácteas a partir del lactosuero, cerveza artesanal utilizando el suero de leche como sustrato, biopolímeros, jarabes además de otros usos como la producción de biogás, e incluso como una alternativa sostenible para aumentar la productividad de cultivos previa fermentación anaeróbica o con la aplicación de lombrifiltros y microorganismos eficaces para el aprovechamiento de lactosuero con posibilidades de utilizar como fuente de agua para riego y abono orgánico.
Matematik Öğretmenlerinin Teknoloji Entegrasyon Yaklaşımlarının Enstrumantal Orkestrasyon Çerçevesinde İncelenmesi
Authors: ALAN Seyfettin , AKKOÇ Hatice , YEŞİLDERE Sibel , KOZAKLI ÜLGER Tuğçe
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, matematik öğretmenlerinin teknolojik araçları ders anlatımlarına entegre etmede benimsedikleri yaklaşımları incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda matematik öğretmenlerinin kullanacakları teknolojik araçları nasıl seçtikleri, hangi kavramlar için teknoloji kullanımını tercih ettikleri ve bu araçları nasıl kullandıkları araştırılmıştır. Benimsedikleri yaklaşımlara ışık tutmak için matematik öğretiminde teknoloji kullanımı ile ilgili olumlu ve olumsuz görüşleri de alınmıştır. Katılımcıların teknoloji entegrasyon yaklaşımlarını incelemek için öğretmen ile teknolojik araç arasındaki ilişkiye odaklanan enstrümantal orkestrasyon teorik çerçevesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada betimsel tarama modeli benimsenmiş olup çalışmanın verilerini Türkiye’deki çeşitli okullarda görev yapmakta olan 114 ortaokul ve lise matematik öğretmeninin açık uçlu bir ankete verdikleri yanıtlar oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizi sonucunda matematik öğretmenlerinin teknolojik araçları ekranı açıkla ve ekran ile tahta arasında bağlantı kur orkestrasyonları ile kullanmayı tercih ettikleri görülmüştür. Bunun yanında matematik öğretmenlerinin enstrümantal orkestrasyon bileşenlerinden didaktik yapılandırmaya önem verdikleri didaktik performanstan ise çekindikleri belirlenmiştir.
Yapay Zekâ Bağlamında Sosyobilimsel Konu Öğretiminin İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Problem Çözme ve Yaratıcı Yazma Becerilerine Etkisi
Authors: ALKIŞ KÜÇÜKAYDIN Menşure , SOYDEMİR BOR Sümeyye
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada ilkokul 4.sınıf öğrencilerine yapay zekâ bağlamında sunulan sosyobilimsel konu (SBK) öğretiminin, öğrencilerin problem çözme ve yaratıcı düşünme becerilerine olan etkisi incelenmiştir. 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında Konya ilinde yer alan bir ilkokulda yapılan bu çalışma, nicel ve nitel araştırmaların kombinasyonunu içeren karma yöntem araştırmalarından yakınsayan paralel desen üzerine yapılandırılmıştır. Çalışmanın nicel kısmında veri toplama aracı olarak “Çocuklar için Problem Çözme Envanteri” ile “Yaratıcı Yazma Ürünlerini Değerlendirme Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın nitel kısmında ise yarı yapılandırılmış gözlem formu ile görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar yapay zekâ bağlamında hazırlanan SBK öğretiminin öğrencilerin yaratıcı yazma ve problem çözme becerilerine katkı sağladığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca sınıf içi gözlemler ile görüşmeden elde edilen bulgular, öğrencilerin yapay zekâ bağlamında yürütülen SBK içerikli derslerden hoşlandıklarını ve ders içeriklerine daha rahat ulaştıklarını işaret etmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar ilgili literatür ile tartışılmış ve bu doğrultuda önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Buna göre ilkokul düzeyinde farklı SBK bağlamları ele alınarak öğrencilerin farklı düzeylerdeki bilişsel gelişimlerinin araştırılması mümkündür.
Türkiye Üniversitelerinde Dramatik Yazarlık Eğitimi: Nitel Bir Durum Çalışması
Authors: ALPAN Ezgi Deniz , BELKIS Özlem , ŞAŞMAZ Hatice , GÜMÜŞ Yunus Emre , SEVİM Yasemin
Published: December 2021

Dramatik yazarlık, sahne sanatları eğitiminin oyunculuk ve sahne tasarımı ile birlikte temel taşlarından biridir. Günümüzde bu eğitim, tiyatro estetiğinin değişim ve dönüşümüne paralel olarak sürdürülmektedir. Türkiye’de 1964’te başlayan lisans düzeyindeki tiyatro eğitiminin içinde dramatik yazarlık alanı da bulunmakta, bugün de lisans düzeyinde Ankara Üniversitesi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Uludağ Üniversitesi ve Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi olmak üzere sekiz üniversitede sürdürülmektedir. Eğitimin iyileştirilme ve güncellenmeye ihtiyaç duyan doğası, bir tartışma zemini oluşturulması için var olan koşulların bilinmesini zorunlu kılar. Desteğe ihtiyaç duyulan ya da güçlü alanların keşfedilmesi bu anlamda önemlidir. Bu çalışma Türkiye’deki Dramatik Yazarlık Eğitiminin halihazırdaki koşullarını incelemek ve temel demografiyi oluşturmak, muhtemel bir tartışmaya zemin sunmak amacını taşımaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi, durum çalışması deseninde kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya Dramatik Yazarlık Eğitimini aktif olarak sürdüren yedi üniversite katılmıştır. Derinlemesine yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler ile toplanan veriler hazırlık, çözümleme ve kodlama olmak üzere üç aşamada çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular araştırma soruları bağlamında birimlerin kuruluşları ile kadro, kontenjan, mekân yeterlilikleri bağlamında örneklenerek sunulmuştur. Araştırmanın sonuçları, Dramatik Yazarlık Eğitiminde ders mekanlarının sayısal ve işlevsel olarak ihtiyacı karşılamadığını, ilgili birimlere tahsis edilmiş kadroların yetersiz olduğunu, öğrenci kontenjanlarının az ya fazla olmasının eğitimi doğrudan etkilediğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca birimlerin, staj ve pratik çalışma faaliyetlerini öğrencilerin kariyer gelişimleri açısından başat bir öge olarak gördükleri de anlaşılmaktadır.
Maddenin Tanecikli Yapısı İle İlgili Kavram Yanılgılarının Tespiti
Authors: ALTAY Ece , BALIM Ali Günay
Published: December 2021

Fen eğitiminde oldukça önemli bir yere sahip olan kavram ve kavram öğretimi çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı değişime uğrayarak, öğrenmenin önündeki en büyük engellerden biri olan kavram yanılgılarına dönüşmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Maddenin Tanecikli Yapısı konusundaki kavram yanılgıları hakkında yapılan çalışmaların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi modeli kullanılmıştır. Analizler yapılırken 2002-2020 yılları arasında yer alan 17 çalışma incelenmiştir. Çalışmalar seçilirken YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi ve çeşitli akademik veri tabanlarından (Google Akademik, DergiPark, Scopus) yararlanılmıştır. İncelenen bu çalışmalardan 4 tanesi yüksek lisans tezi, 12 tanesi makale ve 1 tanesi ise tam metin konferans bildirisi şeklindedir. Araştırmada incelenen çalışmalara ilişkin yıl dağılımı, çalıştıkları örneklem, kullanılan yöntem, veri toplama araçları, yayın türü, çalışmaların içerikleriyle bulguları tablo ve grafik şeklinde ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda, Maddenin Tanecikli Yapısı konusunda yapılan çalışmaların çoğunlukla kavram yanılgılarını belirleme amaçlı yapıldığı, kavram yanılgılarını giderme ve kavram yanılgısı belirleme testi geliştirme çalışmalarının oldukça az olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca yapılan çalışmaların makale ve yüksek lisans tez boyutunda kaldığı, doktora seviyesinde ve ulusal projelerde bu konuya ilişkin çalışmalara rastlanılamamıştır. Örneklem açısından incelendiğinde genelde ortaokul öğrencileriyle çalışıldığı ve yapılan çalışmaların nicel araştırma yöntemleri düzeyinde olduğu görülmektedir. Veri toplama araçları olarak farklı yöntemler uygulanmasına rağmen genelde Maddenin Tanecikli Yapısı konusu ile ilgili testlerin uygulandığı görülmektedir. Araştırma sonucunda, alanyazın incelemelerinden hareketle Maddenin Tanecikli Yapısı konusundaki kavram yanılgılarına ilişkin gelecekte yapılması düşünülen araştırmalara yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Ebeveyn ve Öğretmen Algılarına Göre Covid-19 Pandemisinin Erken Çocukluk Dönemine Yansımaları: Bir Meta-Sentez Çalışması
Authors: AKGÜL Esra , ÖZENÇ İRA Gözde
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, 0-8 yaş grubundaki çocukların ebeveynlerinin ve öğretmenlerinin bakış açısından Covid-19 pandemisinin erken çocukluk dönemine nasıl yansıdığına ilişkin bilgileri bütünleştirmek ve sentezlemektir. Bu araştırmada meta-sentez yöntemi kullanılmış ve Dergipark, ERIC, Web of Science, SAGE Journals, Scopus veritabanları taranmıştır. Aramalarda kullanılan anahtar sözcükler “erken çocukluk, çocuk, sıfır-sekiz yaş, Covid-19, pandemi, ilkokul, öğrenci, ebeveyn, aile”dir. Erken çocuklukta Covid-19 pandemisine ilişkin ebeveyn ve öğretmen algılarına odaklanan, 2020–2021 yılları arasında yapılmış olan, eğitim ve eğitim araştırmaları kapsamında taranan, katılımcıları Türkiye’de olan, nitel metodolojileri kullanan ve tam metnine ulaşılan ampirik çalışmalar incelemeye dahil edilmiştir. Makaleler Türkçe veya İngilizce dillerinde yazılmış ve hakemli bilimsel dergilerde yayınlanmış olmalıdır. Dâhil etme ve hariç tutma kriterleri göz önüne alınarak yapılan eleme sonucunda 15 makale tamamen okunmuş ve analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular beş tema ortaya koymuştur; bilişsel süreçler, fiziksel durum, duyuşsal durum, toplumsallık ve eğitsel süreçler. Pandemi çocukların yaşantısını radikal biçimde değiştirmiştir. Pandeminin çocuklar için negatif etkilerini hafifletmek için çocukları ev ve okul ortamında destekleyen yaklaşımların geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Araştırma sonunda eğitimcilere, ebeveynlere ve politika yapıcılarına yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Çoğulculuk ve Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programları (1924-2018): Eleştirel Bir Analiz*
Authors: CEYLAN Mustafa , KORKMAZ Hunkar
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışma kapsamında Türkiye’deki eğitim programlarının çoğulculuk perspektifinden eleştirel program teorisi yaklaşımı kullanılarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel yaklaşımla tasarlanan araştırmada bütüncül çoklu durum çalışması deseninden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri setini 1924-2018 yılları arasında yayımlanan sosyal bilgiler dersi öğretimine yönelik hazırlanan resmi öğretim programları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler çoğulculuğun boyutlarına ilişkin belirlenen kod ve temalar ile eleştirel analiz soruları kullanılarak betimsel analiz yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda programların “teorik ve ideolojik arka planı” ile “ birey ve bireysel/toplumsal farklılıklara”, “düşünme becerilerine”, ”sosyal sorunlara” , “çoğulcu değerlere” yönelik bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Çoğulculuk bağlamında programların geçmişine ve bugününe ilişkin yapılan eleştirel tespitlerin eğitimi etkileyen ve eğitimden etkilenen tüm bireylerin programa dair anlayışlarının derinleşmesine katkı sağlayacağı umulmaktadır.
9.Sınıf Matematik Ders Kitabındaki Üçgenler Ünitesinin Çoklu Temsiller Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: EROĞLU Deniz , AKKUŞ Burcu
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaöğretim 9. sınıf matematik ders kitabındaki üçgenler ünitesinde yer alan çözümlü ve çözümlü olmayan soruların girdi ve çıktılarındaki çoklu temsil türlerini ve bu temsiller arası geçişleri incelemektir. Araştırmada ders kitabındaki sorular çoklu temsiller bağlamında incelendiğinden, araştırma doküman analizi deseni kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. 2020-2021 öğretim yılında tüm Türkiye’de fen liselerinde okutulan MEB yayınlarına ait “Ortaöğretim Fen Lisesi Matematik 9.sınıf Ders Kitabı” araştırmanın materyali olarak kullanılmıştır. Kitapta yer alan üçgenler ünitesi ise araştırmanın verilerini oluşturmaktadır. Ders kitabındaki çözümlü ve çözümü olmayan sorular çoklu temsiller bağlamında içerik analizi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular kitapta yer alan çözümlü ve çözümsüz soruların girdi temsillerinde en çok şekil ve geometrik sembolik temsile yer verildiği görülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamında incelenen diğer temsil türlerine ise -sözel, cebirsel sembolik ve günlük hayat bağlamı- çok az yer verildiği tespit edilmiştir. Çözümlü soruların çıktı temsillerinde ise en fazla geometrik sembolik ve cebirsel sembolik temsilin kullanıldığı, onlara göre daha az oranda şekil temsiline yer verildiği görülmüştür. Bu durum özellikle girdi temsili olarak ele alındığında problemlerde günlük hayat temsiline çok az rastlanması ve çıktı temsillerinde ise sözel temsillere çok az yer verilmesi bir eksiklik olarak düşünülmektedir.
The Struggle for Effective and Equal COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution
Authors:   Jones College Prep, Berlin Violet
Published: December 2021

Distributing the COVID-19 vaccine to poorer nations around the world is critical. To ensure equal access, the COVAX facility assembled during the pandemic as a global undertaking to reach those with the greatest need. It is comprised of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, the World Bank, and the World Health Organization. Several manufacturers and 190 donor countries are also part of the platform. The end goal? Provide 2 billion doses by the end of 2021 for high-risk populations (WHO, 2020). Yet even with this amazing network, a recent report shows that 90% of the COVID-19 vaccine purchases have gone to higher income countries, which comprise just 14% of the world’s total population. Poorer countries – mostly in Africa, Asia and South America – will at this rate vaccinate at most 20% of the population. Internal documents leaked to Reuters state that COVAX is having financial and supply issues and is struggling to obtain contractual agreements. If this continues, billions of people in poorer countries may not receive a vaccine until 2024 (Guarascio, 2020).
Lowland amphibians - recalculation of data on effects of diluted thyroxine
Authors: Kiefer Peter , Lingg Gerhard , Endler Peter Christian
Published: December 2021

Our previous paper described methodological problems and a generally acceptable pooling method for metamorphosis experiments and application of that method to the results of multicentre experiments performed over the course of two decades (1990 - 2010) on highland amphibians (Rana temporaria) treated with a homeopathically prepared high dilution of thyroxine (ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œ30xÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã‚Â). Differences between treatment groups thus calculated were in line with those obtained with other pooling methods: Thyroxine 30x does slow down metamorphosis in highland amphibians. This follow up paper provides a broader background on metamorphosis physiology and describes application of the pooling method to experiments with Rana temporaria from lowland biotopes both with a moderate dilution of thyroxine (ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œ8xÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã‚Â) and with 30x. Analogously prepared water was used for control (water 8x or 30x). Development was, again as above, monitored by documenting the number of animals that had entered the 4-legged stage. Experiments were carried out between 1990 and 2000 by different researchers independently and in blind. As it is well known, metamorphosis can be speeded up by thyroxine 10-8 mol/l; interestingly, thyroxine 8x may produce a reverse, i.e. inhibiting effect (p < 0.01). In contrast to the inhibiting effect of thyroxine 30x on highland larvae (see above), 2-legged lowland larvae did not react to thyroxine 30x (p > 0.05). However, an inhibiting effect on lowland larvae was found when animals were treated from the spawn stage on (p < 0.01).
Homeopathic potencies of Opium in alcohol dependence: exploratory open-label study
Authors: Adler Ubiratan Cardinalli , Padula Ana Elisa Madureira , Cesar Amarilys de Toledo , Adler Maristela Schiabel , GaldurÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â³z JosÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â© Carlos Fernandes
Published: December 2021

Background: The conventional pharmacological options for the treatment of alcoholism are limited, which led to the search for solutions in alternative or complementary medicine (CAM). Homeopathy is a CAM modality recognized as medical specialty in Brazil. According to the clinical experience of the early homeopaths, Opium was used to treat patients with alcohol dependence. Aim: to perform a preliminary assessment of the effectiveness and tolerability of fifty-millesimal potencies of Opium in the treatment of alcohol-dependent patients. Methods: exploratory, prospective, open-label trial, with pre-treatment measures as control. Confidence intervals were used to estimate the magnitude of the clinical differences. Results: a total of 14 patients were included, from which 12 were evaluated (intention to treat analysis - ITT). There was a significant reduction in the average daily alcohol consumption (-29.37 units of alcohol/day; 95% CI=10.63; 48.11) and in the severity of alcohol dependence, measured by the mean score of the Short Alcohol Dependence Data questionnaire (-10.17; 95% CI= 4.12; 16.22). No serious adverse events were reported. Randomized controlled studies with larger samples are needed.
Use of homeopathic formula in malnourished children
Authors: Díaz Villanueva Domitila Francisca , PiÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â±a Rodriguez Anolys , Gonzalez Garcia Lucio RamÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â³n , Machado OsÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â©s Carlos
Published: December 2021

The present intervention study sought to assess the results of homeopathic treatment in malnourished children aged 1-19 years old below the 3th percentile in the weight-height ratio at San Juan Policlinic, Ranchuelo County, Cuba, between November 2004 and December 2005. A total of 99 children were randomly allocated by Mathcad in two groups, one (n=50) was given homeopathic treatment, and the control group (n=49) that did not. Administration of medication was defined by clinical criteria. Inclusion, exclusion and exit criteria were defined. Variables were identified and operationalized, and the information collected from both groups was interpreted. After one-year follow-up, 42 out of 50 children (84%) treated with homeopathy attained normal weight, whereas only 15 out of 49 (30%) of the children in the control group attained normal weight.
Wheat germination and highly diluted agitated gibberellic acid (10e-30) - a multi researcher study
Authors: Kiefer Peter , Matzer Wolfgang , Schiestl Sabine , Hartung Hagar , SchwÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¤rzler Ingrid , Seunig Romana , HofÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¤cker JÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¼rgen , Endler Peter Christian
Published: December 2021

Grains of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L., Capo variety) were observed under the influence of highly diluted gibberellic acid (10-30) prepared by stepwise dilution and agitation according to a protocol derived from homeopathy (ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œG30xÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã‚Â). Adequate control was used (water prepared according to the homeopathic protocol ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œW30xÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã‚Â and/or untreated water ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œW0ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã‚Â). Two sets of multicenter experiments were performed, 4 in 2009-2010 and 4 in 2011, involving altogether 6 researchers, 6 laboratories and 4,000 grains per treatment group. Data were found to be homogeneous within the control groups as well as within the verum groups. When the 2009-2010 experiments were pooled, mean germination rates after 24 hours were (85.9 + 2.6) for the control group and (82.1 + 5.7) for G30x (mean + SD at the level of experiments in %) (N = 2,000 per group). Verum germination rate was 4.4% lower than (i.e. equal to 96.6% of) (4.4 + 96.6 = 101) the control germination rate (100%). The difference is statistically significant (p < 0.001) and the effect size (d) is large (> 0.8). Observations at other points in time between 0 and 40 hours of germination yielded similar results. Practically no difference was found between W30x and W0 groups (p > 0.05). When the 2011 experiments were pooled, the mean germination rates after 24 hours were (73 + 12) for the control group and (73 + 14) for G30x (N = 2,000 per group), i.e. there was practically no difference between the groups (p > 0.05). We interpret the data from 2009-2010 on wheat germination within 40 hours as being in line with our previous findings on wheat stalk growth after one week, i.e. as confirmation that gibberellic acid 30x can influence, i.e. slow down, wheat development. Various possible reasons for the absence of any difference between groups in the 2011 experiments, including seasonal variance, are discussed and it is suggested to perform wheat germination experiments in the very beginning of autumn season only.
New stage of scientific understanding of homeopathic phenomenon
Authors: Komissarenko Anatoly Alekseevich
Published: December 2021

Statements that homeopathy failed scientific testing and that it is a mock-science based on placebo effect are frequent in modern mass media. Their authors disregard not only results of many studies but also the effect of homeopathy in coma patients, infants, animals, germs and plants. Homeopathy is criticised due to lack of statistically acceptable studies and an accepted effect mechanism laid out in principles of modern science.

However, homeopathy not only stood the time test but also showed potential for further implementation. Scientific studies, active use of homeopathy in medical practice help to resolve crisis in modern therapy by of treatment and prevention cost efficiency
High Risk Human Papillomavirus genital infections in asymptomatic population: effectiveness of Micro-Immunotherapy
Authors: Mazzoli Sandra , Cai Tommaso , Meacci Francesca , Addonisio Patrizia , Dorfman Pierre
Published: December 2021

Background: persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the primary cause for the development of various anogenital cancers in females and males. Most infections are either latent or subclinical and the majority occur as asymptomatic. HPV infections are not currently treatable by antiviral compounds. Micro-immunotherapy (MI) medications using high dilutions of cytokines and specific nucleotide sequences have been developed to treat targeted viral infections and are currently prescribed in medical practice as immune regulators: 2LÃƒâ€šÃ‚Â®PAPI (LaboÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â€žÂ¢Life) is indicated for HPV infection and may represent a new therapeutic approach.

Aims: this exploratory study was to assess the effectiveness of 2LÃƒâ€šÃ‚Â®PAPI on HPV infection eradication in HR-HPV infected asymptomatic patients attending an STD Centre in a long-term microbiological follow-up population survey.

Methodology: adult patients of both genders, diagnosed with HR-HPV infection, with no evidence of symptomatic HPV or anogenital cancer, were followed during a 2 year-period (2009-2010). Selected patients had not previously been vaccinated for HPV or treated with medications having an impact on the immune system. HPV testing was performed on biological samples using PCR detection (Innogenetics, Italy). In addition, detection of E6/E7 mRNA of five carcinogenic HPV types was performed by EasyQ HPV (BioMerieux, Italy). HPV-positives were requested by their urology specialist to take 2LÃƒâ€šÃ‚Â®PAPI (composition in table 1) during 4 months (1 caps/day by sublingual route). Globally 46 patients were followed: 23 treated with MI medication, and 23 not treated.

Results: one third of selected patients were lost at the control visit (15/46). At the end of the study period, HR-HPV negativity was observed in 50% (8/16) of patients under MI medication in comparison with only 7% (1/15) of the non treated patients who were HPV-DNA negative at the follow-up visit (p=0.01071, Mid-P exact test). This result is in accordance with our previous results which showed long lasting persistence of HR-HPV infection in a male cohort.

Conclusions: the relevant percentage of lost patients at follow-up reflects the scarce information and awareness of this infection within asymptomatic people in Italy. 2LÃƒâ€šÃ‚Â®PAPI was efficient in eradicating 50% of HR-HPV infections in treated patients, including 60% of HPV-16. These promising data emphasize the importance of redirecting immune responses in viral infections.

Table 1: 2LÃƒâ€šÃ‚Â®PAPI composition

Compounds Dilutions

Interleukin-1 (IL-1): 17-10 CH*

Interleukin-2 (IL-2): 17-10 CH

Interferon-ÃƒÅ½Ã‚Â± (IFN-ÃƒÅ½Ã‚Â±): 17-10 CH

SNA-HLA II: 16-10 CH

Ciclosporin A (CsA): 7-10-17 CH

Ribonucleic acid (RNA): 18-10 CH

SNA-PAPI: 16-10 CH

* CH: Centesimal Hahnemannian (1/100)
Development of a biocrystallisation assay for examining effects of homeopathic preparations using cress seedlings
Authors: Baumgartner Stephan , Doesburg Paul , Claudia Scherr , Andersen Jens-Otto
Published: December 2021

Background:

A major challenge of homeopathic basic research is to develop test systems that yield consistent results. Outcome of plant bioassays is usually based on growth parameters (e.g. germination rate, seedling length, leaf area).

Aims:

We aimed to evaluate the potential of a crystallisation method with additives (ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œbiocrystallisationÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã‚Â) as complementary outcome measure. This method used is based on the crystallographic phenomenon that when crystallising watery solutions of dihydrate CuCl2 in the presence of organic additives (juices/extracts), reproducible dendritic crystal structures are observed. The resulting biocrystallograms can be evaluated visually and/or by computerized image analysis.

Methods:

Cress seeds (Lepidium sativum L.) germinated and grew in vitro in either Stannum met. 30x or water 30x. Per experiment, six coded (blinded) 30x preparations were applied in randomized order, representing three independent replicates of the two treatments. Seedlings grew for 96 hours in darkness and were subsequently processed into a watery extract. Biocrystallisation was performed on circular glass plates in 6-fold replication per treatment group, yielding 36 biocrystallograms per experiment. A total of 15 independent experiments were performed at two independent laboratories. Biocrystallograms were scanned and analysed by computerized texture image analysis, using 15 second-order parameters as outcome measure. 3-way-ANOVA with the independent parameters treatment (n=2), internal replicate (n=3), and number of experiment (n=15) was used to analyse the data.

Results:

All 15 texture analysis variables yielded significant or highly significant results for the homeopathic treatment. Two variables yielded differences between the internal replicates, most probably due to a processing order effect. There were only minor differences between the results of the two laboratories.

Conclusions:

The texture of biocrystallograms of homeopathically treated cress exhibited specific characteristics, differentiating water 30x and Stannum met. 30x. Thus, the biocrystallisation method seems to be a promising complementary outcome measure for plant bioassays investigating effects of homeopathic preparations.
Nux Vomica 200 CH reduced acute hypnotic effect of alcohol in young toads
Authors: Chakraborty Indrani , Sukul Arniban , Sukul Nirmal
Published: December 2021

Potentized Nux Vomica has been reported to produce antialcoholic effect in mice, rats and toads. The effect relates to consumption of alcohol and alcohol-induced loss of righting reflex (RR). RRÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â€žÂ¢s maintain normal erect posture of an animal and are centrally controlled in the midbrain. In the present study young toads, Duttaphrynus melanostictus were first treated with Nux vomica 200 CH and then partially immersed in 209 mM ethanol solution in such a way that their head remained above the level of ethanol solution. Toadlets were removed from the ethanol solution every 10 min, tested for the loss of RR and returned to the ethanol solution. Toadlets were placed in a supine position on a dry flat surface. Failure to right within 60 sec was considered as the loss of RR. The experiment was repeated 10 times. Control toadlets were pretreated with 90% ethanol instead of Nux Vomica 200 CH. The percentages of toadlets showing loss of RR, both in the control as well as in the Nux-treated groups, were shown in graphs against the duration of exposure to ethanol solution. Differences in the percentage distribution between the control and the treatment groups losing RR were tested by ÃƒÂÃ¢â‚¬Â¡2 test. All the experiments were conducted at room temperature. The percentage of toadlets losing RR increased with time of exposure to ethanol solution. The increase was significantly higher with the control than with the Nux-treated group. Nux Vomica 200 CH might have influenced the mid-brain of toadlets thereby countering the hypnotic effect of ethanol in the toadlets.
Electromagnetic Information Transfer (EMIT) by Ultra High Diluted (UHD) solutions: the suggestive hypothesis of an epigenetic action.
Authors: Borghini Francesco , Dinelli Giovanni , Marotti Ilaria , Trebbi Grazia , Borghini Giovanni , Betti Lucietta
Published: December 2021

The aim of this work is to confirm the theoretical possibility of an epigenetic mechanism shared between EMIT and UHD. The presentation will be divided in three sections:

1. Water aggregates with an electric dipole moment (UHD succussed solutions) as mediators of weak specific bioelectromagnetic signals on target stem cells.

Recent experimental works confirm the developing concept of water mediated Electromagnetic Information Transfer (EMIT) of specific molecular signals, picked up from the source biological effector, on target stem cells with evident effect on their proliferation [1]. Similar Electromagnetic (EM) emission and consequences are also reported by the scientific literature on rotational excited aggregates with an electric dipole moment, created in polar liquids by Ultra High Diluted (UHD) or High Diluted (HD) succussed solutions. These aggregates are composed of solvent molecules only or a combination of these and solute particles [2].

2. DNA mediated physiopathological effects of ELF EMFs

In detail, according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the extremely low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are classified as "possible carcinogenic" based on their effects [3-5], although most scientists agree that they are too weak to kill cells or to cause mutations and thus initiate cancer. Besides the prevailing paradigm of the environmentally-induced acute and chronic diseases involving either cell killing (cytotoxicity) or gene/chromosome mutations (genotoxicity), many studies concerning the biological and health consequences of ELF-EM exposure report that alteration of the expression of genetic information at the transcriptional, translational, or posttranslational levels has the potential to contribute to various diseases.

3. Epigenetic mechanism shared between EMIT and UHDs

The latter referred mechanism, denoted as "epigenetic" (that affects gene expression rather than gene structure), is characterized by threshold-like action, multiple biochemical pathways and it needs chronic regular exposures to be effective [6]. Epigenetic factors affect one of four potential cell states, namely alteration of cell proliferation, cell differentiation, programmed cell death (apoptosis) or adaptive responses of differentiated cells, and probably they act as co-inductors of DNA damage rather than as a genotoxic agents per se. At the present time, studies on genomic and functional genetic are identifying many genes and gene variants that potentially modulate the fundamental molecular mechanisms underpinning both physiological and pathological processes.
Mexican agricultural soil dust as a source of ice nucleating particles
Authors: Pereira Diana L. , Gavilán Irma , Letechipía Consuelo , Raga Graciela B. , Puig Teresa Pi , Mugica-Álvarez Violeta , Alvarez-Ospina Harry , Rosas Irma , Martinez Leticia , Salinas Eva , Quintana Erika T. , Rosas Daniel , Ladino Luis A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Agricultural soil erosion, both mechanical and eolic, may impact cloud processes as some aerosol particles are able to facilitate ice crystals formation. Given the large agricultural sector in Mexico, this study investigates the ice nucleating abilities of agricultural dust collected at different sites and generated in the laboratory. The immersion freezing mechanism of ice nucleation was simulated in the laboratory via the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)- Micro Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI)-Droplet freezing technique (DFT) (UNAM-MOUDI-DFT). The results show that agricultural dust from the Mexican territory promote ice formation in a temperature range from −11.8 ºC to −34.5 ºC, with ice nucleating particle (INP) concentrations between 0.11 L−1 and 41.8 L−1. Furthermore, aerosol samples generated in the laboratory are more efficient than those collected in the field, with T50 values (i.e., the temperature at which 50 % of the droplets freeze) higher by more than 2.9 ºC. The mineralogical analysis indicated a high concentration of feldspars i.e., K-feldspar and plagioclase (> 40 %) in most of the aerosol and soil samples, with K-feldspar significantly correlated with the T50 of particles with sizes between 1.8 µm and 3.2 µm. Similarly, the organic carbon (OC) was correlated with the efficiency of aerosol samples from 3.2 µm to 5.6 µm and 1.0 µm to 1.8 µm. Finally, a decrease in the efficiency as INPs, after heating the samples at 300 ºC for 2 h, evidenced that the organic matter from agricultural soils can influence the role of INPs in mixed-phase clouds.
Variability and trends in surface solar spectral ultraviolet irradiance in Italy: on the influence of geopotential height and lower-stratospheric ozone
Authors: Fountoulakis Ilias , Diémoz Henri , Siani Anna Maria , di Sarra Alcide , Meloni Daniela , Sferlazzo Damiano M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The short- and long-term variability of the surface spectral solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiance is investigated across Italy using high-quality ground-based measurements from three locations: Aosta (45.7∘ N, 7.4∘ E, 570 m a.s.l.), Rome (41.9∘ N, 12.5∘ E, 15 75 m a.s.l.), and Lampedusa (35.5∘ N, 12.6∘ E, 50 m a.s.l.). The three sites are characterized by different environmental conditions and represent almost the full latitudinal extent of the Italian territory. Data of two periods were analysed: 2006–2020 (all sites) and 1996–2020 (Rome only). The main objective of this study is to quantify the effect of the geopotential height (GPH) at 250 hPa on total ozone, and spectral irradiance at 307.5 and 324 nm. We first show that monthly anomalies in GPH, total ozone, and spectral irradiances are correlated amongst the three sites, suggesting that Italy is often affected by the same synoptical weather systems. We further find statistically significant anticorrelations between GPH and monthly anomalies in total ozone for all stations and months. Conversely, we identify positive correlations between GPH and monthly anomalies in spectral irradiance at 307.5 nm for most months. The influence of GPH on short-term variability also hold for long-term trends. For example, long-term changes in total ozone over the period 2006–2020 were associated with changes in GPH for all stations. This suggests that observed negative trends in total ozone were mainly driven by changes in lower-stratospheric ozone as upper-stratospheric ozone was increasing over this period. For several months of the year, positive trends in UV irradiance were observed, and we found that these trends were predominantly caused by changes in clouds and/or aerosols instead of total ozone. For the longer period of 1996–2020, a statistically significant annualized decrease in total ozone of ∼ 0.1 % per year was identified for Rome and could subsequently be attributed to decreasing lower-stratospheric ozone. While positive trends in spectral irradiance at 307.5 nm were observed for several months of this extended period, the negative trend in total ozone did not lead to a positive trend in the spectral irradiance at 307.5 nm in the deseasonalized data. Our study provides evidence that dynamical processes taking place in the troposphere lead to significant variability in total ozone and surface solar UV irradiance.
Storm Anatol over Europe in December 1999: impacts on societal and energy infrastructure
Authors: Kettle Anthony J.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Storm Anatol impacted the North Sea and northern Europe
on 3–4 December 1999. It brought hurricane force winds to Denmark and
northern Germany, and high winds also in Sweden and countries around the
Baltic Sea. For many meteorological stations in Denmark, the wind speeds
were the highest on record and the storm was ranked as a century event. The
storm impacts included extensive forest damage, fatalities, hundreds of
injuries, power outages, transportation interruptions, as well as storm
surge flooding on the west coast of Denmark. Strongly committed to wind
energy, Denmark lost 13 onshore wind turbines destroyed during the storm. An
important industry insurer noted that this was a remarkably low number,
considering the storm intensity and the large number of turbines
(>3500) installed in the country. In 1999, offshore wind energy
was just getting started in Europe, and the storm provided an important test
of environmental extreme conditions impacting offshore infrastructure. This
contribution takes a closer look at the regional met-ocean conditions during
the storm. A brief overview is made of the wind field and available wave
measurements from the North Sea. An examination is made of water level
measurements from around the North Sea to characterize the storm surge and
identify possible meteo-tsunamis and infragravity waves. Offshore accidents
are briefly discussed to assess if there had been unusual wave strikes on
shipping or platforms. At the time of the storm in 1999, there was a growing
awareness in the scientific community of possible changes in ambient sea
state conditions and the increasing threat of rogue waves. The offshore wind
energy community had become aware from the impact of rogue waves from damage
at the research platform FINO1 in the southern North Sea during severe
storms in 2006, 2007, 2009, and 2013. Storm Anatol may have been another
rogue wave storm at an earlier stage of offshore wind energy development.
Harmonized in situ datasets for agricultural land use mapping and monitoring in tropical countries
Authors: Jolivot Audrey , Lebourgeois Valentine , Leroux Louise , Ameline Mael , Andriamanga Valérie , Bellón Beatriz , Castets Mathieu , Crespin-Boucaud Arthur , Defourny Pierre , Diaz Santiana , Dieye Mohamadou , Dupuy Stéphane , Ferraz Rodrigo , Gaetano Raffaele , Gely Marie , Jahel Camille , Kabore Bertin , Lelong Camille , le Maire​​​​​​​ Guerric , Lo Seen Danny , Muthoni Martha , Ndao Babacar , Newby Terry , de Oliveira Santos Cecília Lira Melo , Rasoamalala Eloise , Simoes Margareth , Thiaw Ibrahima , Timmermans Alice , Tran Annelise , Bégué Agnès
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The availability of crop type reference datasets for satellite
image classification is very limited for complex agricultural systems as
observed in developing and emerging countries. Indeed, agricultural land use
is very dynamic, agricultural censuses are often poorly georeferenced and
crop types are difficult to interpret directly from satellite imagery.
In this paper, we present a database made of 24 datasets collected in a
standardized manner over nine sites within the framework of the
international JECAM (Joint Experiment for Crop Assessment and Monitoring)
initiative; the sites were spread over seven countries of the tropical belt,
and the number of data collection years depended on the site (from 1 to 7
years between 2013 and 2020). These quality-controlled datasets are
distinguished by in situ data collected at the field scale by local experts,
with precise geographic coordinates, and following a common protocol.
Altogether, the datasets completed 27 074 polygons (20 257 crops and 6817
noncrops, ranging from 748 plots in 2013 (one site visited) to 5515 in 2015
(six sites visited)) documented by detailed keywords. These datasets can be
used to produce and validate agricultural land use maps in the tropics. They
can also be used to assess the performances and robustness of classification
methods of cropland and crop types/practices in a large range of tropical
farming systems. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/P7OLAP (Jolivot et al., 2021).
NESEA-Rice10: high-resolution annual paddy rice maps for Northeast and Southeast Asia from 2017 to 2019
Authors: Han Jichong , Zhang Zhao , Luo Yuchuan , Cao Juan , Zhang Liangliang , Cheng Fei , Zhuang Huimin , Zhang Jing , Tao Fulu
Published: December 2021

Abstract. An accurate paddy rice map is crucial for ensuring food
security, particularly for Southeast and Northeast Asia. MODIS satellite
data are useful for mapping paddy rice at continental scales but have a
mixed-pixel problem caused by the coarse spatial resolution. To reduce the
mixed pixels, we designed a rule-based method for mapping paddy rice by
integrating time series Sentinel-1 and MODIS data. We demonstrated the
method by generating annual paddy rice maps for Southeast and Northeast Asia in 2017–2019 (NESEA-Rice10). We compared the resultant paddy rice maps with
available agricultural statistics at subnational levels and existing rice
maps for some countries. The results demonstrated that the linear
coefficient of determination (R2) between our paddy rice maps and
agricultural statistics ranged from 0.80 to 0.97. The paddy rice planting
areas in 2017 were spatially consistent with the existing maps in Vietnam
(R2=0.93) and Northeast China (R2=0.99). The spatial
distribution of the 2017–2019 composite paddy rice map was consistent with
that of the rice map from the International Rice Research Institute. The
paddy rice planting area may have been underestimated in the region in which
the flooding signal was not strong. The dataset is useful for water resource management, rice growth, and yield monitoring. The full product is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5645344 (Han et al., 2021a). Small examples can be found from the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.17632/cnc3tkbwcm.1 (Han et al., 2021b).
Use of expert elicitation to assign weights to climate and hydrological models in climate impact studies
Authors: Sebok Eva , Henriksen Hans Jørgen , Pastén-Zapata Ernesto , Berg Peter , Thirel Guillume , Lemoine Anthony , Lira-Loarca Andrea , Photiadou Christiana , Pimentel Rafael , Royer-Gaspard Paul , Kjellström Erik , Christensen Jens Hesselbjerg , Vidal Jean-Philippe , Lucas-Picher Philippe , Donat Markus G. , Besio Giovanni , Polo María José , Stisen Simon , Caballero Yvan , Pechlivanidis Ilias G. , Troldborg Lars , Refsgaard Jens Christian
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Various methods are available for assessing uncertainties in climate impact studies. Among such methods, model weighting by expert elicitation is a practical way to provide a weighted ensemble of models for specific real-world impacts. The aim is to decrease the influence of improbable models in the results and easing the decision-making process. In this study both climate and hydrological models are analyzed and the result of a research experiment is presented using model weighting with the participation of 6 climate model experts and 6 hydrological model experts. For the experiment, seven climate models are a-priori selected from a larger Euro-CORDEX ensemble of climate models and three different hydrological models are chosen for each of the three European river basins. The model weighting is based on qualitative evaluation by the experts for each of the selected models based on a training material that describes the overall model structure and literature about climate models and the performance of hydrological models for the present period. The expert elicitation process follows a three-stage approach, with two individual elicitations of probabilities and a final group consensus, where the experts are separated into two different community groups: a climate and a hydrological modeller group. The dialogue reveals that under the conditions of the study, most climate modellers prefer the equal weighting of ensemble members, whereas hydrological impact modellers in general are more open for assigning weights to different models in a multi model ensemble, based on model performance and model structure. Climate experts are more open to exclude models, if obviously flawed, than to put weights on selected models in a relatively small ensemble. The study shows that expert elicitation can be an efficient way to assign weights to different hydrological models, and thereby reduce the uncertainty in climate impact. However, for the climate model ensemble, comprising seven models, the elicitation in the format of this study could only reestablish a uniform weight between climate models.
Effects of aquifer geometry on seawater intrusion in annulus segment island aquifers
Authors: Luo Zhaoyang , Kong Jun , Shen Chengji , Xin Pei , Lu Chunhui , Li Ling , Barry David Andrew
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Seawater intrusion in island aquifers was considered analytically,
specifically for annulus segment aquifers (ASAs), i.e., aquifers that (in
plan) have the shape of an annulus segment. Based on the Ghijben–Herzberg
and hillslope-storage Boussinesq equations, analytical solutions were
derived for steady-state seawater intrusion in ASAs, with a focus on the
freshwater–seawater interface and its corresponding watertable elevation. Predictions of the analytical solutions compared well with experimental data, and so they were employed to investigate the effects of aquifer geometry on seawater intrusion in island aquifers. Three different ASA geometries were compared: convergent (smaller side is facing the lagoon, larger side is the internal no-flow boundary and flow converges towards the lagoon), rectangular and divergent (smaller side is the internal no-flow boundary, larger side is facing the sea and flow diverges towards the sea). Depending on the aquifer geometry, seawater intrusion was found to vary greatly, such that the assumption of a rectangular aquifer to model an ASA can lead to poor estimates of seawater intrusion. Other factors being equal, compared with rectangular aquifers, seawater intrusion is more extensive, and watertable elevation is lower in divergent aquifers, with the opposite tendency in convergent aquifers. Sensitivity analysis further indicated that the effects of aquifer geometry on seawater intrusion and watertable elevation vary with aquifer width and distance from the circle center to the inner arc (the lagoon boundary for convergent aquifers or the internal no-flow boundary for divergent aquifers). A larger aquifer width and distance from the circle center to the inner arc weaken the effects of aquifer geometry, and hence differences in predictions for the three geometries become less pronounced.
IOT IN THE WAKE OF COVID-19
Authors: Belasri K. , Mazri T.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Healthcare is an imperative portion of life. Tragically, the exceptional outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus, named as COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO), has strained the largest part of health systems and the request for resources from hospital packs to specialists and nurses have become extremely high. However, With the rise of the Internet of Things, new services in healthcare will be accessible and existing systems will be coordinated within the IoT system, giving automated medical supervision and efficient medical treatment, it is evident that a solution is necessary and required to promote the health sector in the era of Covid-19 pandemic whereas proceeding to supply a high-quality care to patients. In this article, we shed light on a few of the issues and challenges related to the appropriation of portable contact tracing and monitoring of patients’ arrangements for fighting COVID-19.