bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repeatability of binarization thresholding methods for optical coherence tomography angiography image quantification
Authors: Mehta Nihaal , Braun Phillip X. , Gendelman Isaac , Alibhai A. Yasin , Arya Malvika , Duker Jay S. , Waheed Nadia K.
Published: September 2020

Binarization is a critical step in analysis of retinal optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images, but the repeatability of metrics produced from various binarization methods has not been fully assessed. This study set out to examine the repeatability of OCTA quantification metrics produced using different binarization thresholding methods, all of which have been applied in previous studies, across multiple devices and plexuses. Successive 3 × 3 mm foveal OCTA images of 13 healthy eyes were obtained on three different devices. For each image, contrast adjustments, 3 image processing techniques (linear registration, histogram normalization, and contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization), and 11 binarization thresholding methods were independently applied. Vessel area density (VAD) and vessel length were calculated for retinal vascular images. Choriocapillaris (CC) images were quantified for VAD and flow deficit metrics. Repeatability, measured using the intra-class correlation coefficient, was inconsistent and generally not high (ICC < 0.8) across binarization thresholds, devices, and plexuses. In retinal vascular images, local thresholds tended to incorrectly binarize the foveal avascular zone as white (i.e., wrongly indicating flow). No image processing technique analyzed consistently resulted in highly repeatable metrics. Across contrast changes, retinal vascular images showed the lowest repeatability and CC images showed the highest.
Clinical factors associated with initial Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: a retrospective study in China
Authors: Tang Yanbo , Tang Guodu , Pan Liying , Zhu Hua , Zhou Shanmei , Wei Zhaoyong
Published: September 2020

The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been decreasing every year, mainly due to the increase in antibiotic resistance. In fact, many other factors may affect H. pylori eradication. To analyze the clinical factors affecting the initial eradication therapy in Chinese patients with H. pylori infection. We conducted a retrospective study on 264 outpatients who were diagnosed with H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease between January and December 2015 at a large tertiary hospital in China. The patients were divided into three groups: ECA, RCA, and RCM (R: 20 mg rabeprazole, E: 40 mg esomeprazole, C: 0.5 g clarithromycin, A: 1.0 g amoxicillin and M: 0.4 g metronidazole). The patients were treated for 14 days and followed up for 1 year. The 14C-urea breath test (14C-UBT) was performed 4 weeks after the completion of the eradication therapy. The eradication rate was higher in ≥ 40-year-old patients than in < 40-year-old-patients (85.7% vs. 54.7%, p = 0.002). Multivariate analyses revealed only age ≥ 40 years to be significantly associated with a high H. pylori eradication rate [odds ratio (OR) 4.58, p = 0.003]. The H. pylori eradication rate in patients with duodenal ulcers was significantly higher than that in patients with gastric ulcers (79% vs. 60%, p = 0.012). Age could be a predictor of successful H. pylori eradication. Patients with duodenal ulcers had a higher H. pylori eradication rate than those with other lesions.
Bidirectional motion of droplets on gradient liquid infused surfaces
Authors: Sadullah Muhammad Subkhi , Launay Gaby , Parle Jayne , Ledesma-Aguilar Rodrigo , Gizaw Yonas , McHale Glen , Wells Gary George , Kusumaatmaja Halim
Published: September 2020

The current paradigm of self-propelled motion of liquid droplets on surfaces with chemical or topographical wetting gradients is always mono-directional. In contrast, here, we demonstrate bidirectional droplet motion, which we realize using liquid infused surfaces with topographical gradients. The deposited droplet can move either toward the denser or the sparser solid fraction area. We rigorously validate the bidirectional phenomenon using various combinations of droplets and lubricants, and different forms of structural/topographical gradients, by employing both lattice Boltzmann simulations and experiments. We also present a simple and physically intuitive analytical theory that explains the origin of the bidirectional motion. The key factor determining the direction of motion is the wettability difference of the droplet on the solid surface and on the lubricant film.
Proton-assisted electron transfer and hydrogen-atom diffusion in a model system for photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Zhang Yuanzheng , Dai Yunrong , Li Huihui , Yin Lifeng , Hoffmann Michael R.
Published: September 2020

Solar energy can be converted into chemical energy by photocatalytic water splitting to produce molecular hydrogen. Details of the photo-induced reaction mechanism occurring on the surface of a semiconductor are not fully understood, however. Herein, we employ a model photocatalytic system consisting of single atoms deposited on quantum dots that are anchored on to a primary photocatalyst to explore fundamental aspects of photolytic hydrogen generation. Single platinum atoms (Pt1) are anchored onto carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs), which are loaded onto graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CNS), forming a Pt1@CNQDs/CNS composite. Pt1@CNQDs/CNS provides a well-defined photocatalytic system in which the electron and proton transfer processes that lead to the formation of hydrogen gas can be investigated. Results suggest that hydrogen bonding between hydrophilic surface groups of the CNQDs and interfacial water molecules facilitates both proton-assisted electron transfer and sorption/desorption pathways. Surface bound hydrogen atoms appear to diffuse from CNQDs surface sites to the deposited Pt1 catalytic sites leading to higher hydrogen-atom fugacity surrounding each isolated Pt1 site. We identify a pathway that allows for hydrogen-atom recombination into molecular hydrogen and eventually to hydrogen bubble evolution.
Correction: An excellent humidity sensor based on In–SnO2 loaded mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride
Authors: Malik Ritu , Tomer Vijay K. , Chaudhary Vandna , Dahiya Manjeet S. , Sharma Anshu , Nehra S. P. , Duhan Surender , Kailasam Kamalakannan
Published: September 2020

Correction for ‘An excellent humidity sensor based on In–SnO2 loaded mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride’ by Ritu Malik et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, 5, 14134–14143, DOI: 10.1039/C7TA02860A.
Electroconductive scaffolds for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Sikorski Pawel
Published: September 2020

Materials that conduct electricity are studied in the context of tissue engineering. The mechanisms by which they interact with tissues are unclear and the complexity of the interface between biological and artificial systems is often underestimated.
Visible light-mediated ipso-annulation of activated alkynes: access to 3-alkylated spiro[4,5]-trienones, thiaspiro[4,5]-trienones and azaspiro[4,5]-trienones
Authors: Manna Sabyasachi , Someswara Ashwathappa Puneeth Kumar , Prabhu Kandikere Ramaiah
Published: September 2020

A novel method for chemoselective difunctionalization of activated alkynes for synthesizing 3-alkylated spiro[4,5]-trienones, thiaspiro[4,5]-trienones and spirolactams has been uncovered using photoredox catalysis under visible light conditions.
Liquid–liquid interface-promoted formation of a porous molecular crystal based on a luminescent platinum(ii) complex
Authors: Kimura Mari , Yoshida Masaki , Fujii Sho , Miura Atsushi , Ueno Kosei , Shigeta Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Atsushi , Kato Masako
Published: September 2020

A Pt(ii)-based luminescent porous molecular crystal was selectively crystallised at the liquid–liquid interface, allowing control of porosity and luminescence.
Practical and scalable synthesis of bench-stable organofluorosilicate salts
Authors: Posz Jarett M. , Harruff Stephan R. , Van Hoveln Ryan
Published: September 2020

Ammonium organotetrafluorosilicates were synthesized in high yield for a wide range of substrates from readily available starting materials.
Recent progress in sodium/potassium hybrid capacitors
Authors: Yuan Jun , Hu Xiang , Liu Yangjie , Zhong Guobao , Yu Biao , Wen Zhenhai
Published: September 2020

We overview the recent progress in metal ion hybrid capacitors and discuss the major challenges and future directions.
Programmable 3D rigid clathrate hydrogels based on self-assembly of tetrahedral DNA and linker PCR products
Authors: Chen Xu , Xie Yinxia , Zhang Yangzi , Li Chenwei , Xu Wentao
Published: September 2020

A clathrate tetrahedral DNA gel was assembled by combining tetrahedral DNA and rigid linker PCR products to achieve visible detection of Salmonella spp.
Surface functionalization: an efficient alternative for promoting the catalytic activity of closed shell gold clusters
Authors: Joshi Krati , Krishnamurty Sailaja , Dar Manzoor Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Surface functionalization induced catalytic behaviour in closed shell gold clusters.
Mechanistic insight into H2-mediated Ni surface diffusion and deposition to form branched Ni nanocrystals: a theoretical study
Authors: Li Yan , Liu Ning , Dai Chengna , Xu Ruinian , Wu Bin , Yu Gangqiang , Chen Biaohua
Published: September 2020

Present work investigates the kinetic role of H2 during Ni surface diffusion and deposition to generate branched Ni nanostructures by employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ab initio molecule dynamic (AIMD) simulations.
A comprehensive approach for the characterization of porous polymers using 13C and 15N dynamic nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Grätz Sven , de Olivera Junior Marcos , Gutmann Torsten , Borchardt Lars
Published: September 2020

DNP enhanced solid-state NMR techniques are presented as powerful tools to characterize amorphous porous polymers that are of insoluble nature.
Surface chemical trapping of optical cycling centers
Authors: Guo Han , Dickerson Claire E. , Shin Ashley J. , Zhao Changling , Atallah Timothy L. , Caram Justin R. , Campbell Wesley C. , Alexandrova Anastassia N.
Published: September 2020

Quantum information processors are proposed, based on optical cycling centers trapped attached to a surface.
Surfactant-aided synthesis of RhCo nanoclusters as highly effective and recyclable catalysts for the hydrolysis of methylamine borane and dimethylamine borane
Authors: Tunç Nihat , Rakap Murat
Published: September 2020

In this study, the first ever and easy surfactant-aided synthesis of CTAB-stabilized Rh0.63Co0.37 and their employment as highly efficient, cost-saving, and recyclable catalysts to generate hydrogen from the hydrolysis of MeAB and DMAB are reported.
Fabrication of black TiO2−x/CuFe2O4 decorated on diatomaceous earth with enhanced sonocatalytic activity for ibuprofen mitigation
Authors: Wu Qiong , Zhang Zhaohong
Published: September 2020

This study reports facile fabrication of black TiO2−x/CuFe2O4 (Ti3+ self-doped titania coupled with copper ferrite), an efficient sonocatalyst for ibuprofen (IBP) mitigation.
From lamellar net to bilayered-lamella and to porous pillared-bilayer: reversible crystal-to-crystal transformation, CO2adsorption, and fluorescence detection of Fe3+, Al3+, Cr3+, MnO4−, and Cr2O72−in water
Authors: Zhang Jia-Rong , Lee Jey-Jau , Su Chun-Hao , Tsai Meng-Jung , Li Chih-Yu , Wu Jing-Yun
Published: September 2020

Layered coordination polymers of different network topologies have showed reversible structural transformations and fluorescence detection toward Fe3+, Al3+, Cr3+, MnO4–, and Cr2O72– in water.
Rock tea (Jasonia glutinosa(L.) DC.) polyphenolic extract inhibits triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte-like cells and obesity related enzymesin vitro
Authors: Les Francisco , Cásedas Guillermo , Valero Marta Sofía , Arbonés-Mainar José Miguel , López Víctor
Published: September 2020

Jasonia glutinosa(L.) DC., also known in Spain as “té de roca” (rock tea, RT), is an endemic plant species of the Iberian Peninsula and Southern France.
A structure–kinetic relationship study using matched molecular pair analysis
Authors: Schuetz Doris A. , Richter Lars , Martini Riccardo , Ecker Gerhard F.
Published: September 2020

A large-scale study employing matched molecular pair (MMP) analysis to uncover the contribution of a compound's polarity to its association and dissociation rates.
Interface and grain boundary passivation for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells: the effect of terminal groups in hydrophobic fused benzothiadiazole-based organic semiconductors
Authors: Gao Yanbo , Wu Yanjie , Liu Yue , Lu Min , Yang Lili , Wang Yinghui , Yu William W. , Bai Xue , Zhang Yu , Dai Qilin
Published: September 2020

The BTP-4F passivated PSCs exhibit a PCE of 22.16% and maintain ~86% of initial PCE after 5000 h. This work presents significant potential of organic semiconductors in PSCs toward high efficiency and stability due to the terminal groups.
Multivariate optimization of field-flow fractionation of nanoscale synthetic amorphous silica in processed foods supported by computational modelling
Authors: Naidoo Lyndon , Suvardhan Kanchi , Sabela Myalowenkosi I. , Bisetty Krishna
Published: September 2020

Separation and size characterization of SiO2 in a laminar flow mode on the surface of cellulose membrane.
On the recognition of chloride, bromide and nitrate anions by anthracene–squaramide conjugated compounds: a computational perspective
Authors: Orenha Renato Pereira , da Silva Vanessa Borges , Caramori Giovanni Finoto , de Souza Schneider Felipe Silveira , Piotrowski Maurício Jeomar , Contreras-Garcia Julia , Cardenas Carlos , Briese Gonçalves Marina , Mendizabal Fernando , Parreira Renato Luis Tame
Published: September 2020

Anionic recognition appears in several biological processes. Here, the interaction between anthracene–squaramide conjugated compounds and Cl−, Br−and NO3−anions has been explored using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Comparison of molecularly imprinted plasmonic nanosensor performances for bacteriophage detection
Authors: Erdem Özgecan , Cihangir Nilüfer , Saylan Yeşeren , Denizli Adil
Published: September 2020

Preparation steps of nanoparticle- and nanofilm-based plasmonic nanosensors.
Excitation efficiency determines the upconversion luminescence intensity of β-NaYF4:Er3+,Yb3+ nanoparticles in magnetic fields up to 70 T
Authors: Borodziuk Anna , Baranowski Michał , Wojciechowski Tomasz , Minikayev Roman , Sikora Bożena , Maude Duncan K. , Plochocka Paulina , Kłopotowski Łukasz
Published: September 2020

We resolve a long standing discrepancy between various reports on the effect of the magnetic field on up-converted luminescence.
Solid-phase synthesis and evaluation of tumour-targeting phenylboronate-based MRI contrast agents
Authors: Martinelli Jonathan , Jiménez-Juárez Rogelio , Alberti Diego , Geninatti Crich Simonetta , Djanashvili Kristina
Published: September 2020

The advantage of a solid-phase synthetic strategy with DEAM-PS resin is applied for a clean and efficient preparation of water-soluble DOTA derivatives conjugated with phenylboronic functional groups.
Enantioselective hydrophosphinylation of 1-alkenylphosphine oxides catalyzed by chiral strong Brønsted base
Authors: Kondoh Azusa , Ishikawa Sho , Terada Masahiro
Published: September 2020

A chiral ureate as a chiral strong Brønsted base catalyst enabled an efficient synthesis of chiral 1,2-diphosphinoalkane derivatives through a catalytic enantioselective hydrophosphinylation of 1-alkenylphosphine oxides.
Iodine-mediated photo-controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (photo-ATRP) and block polymerization combined with ring-opening polymerization (ROP) via a superbase
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Wang Sixuan , Li Feifei , Zhou Lin , Lei Lin
Published: September 2020

Most organocatalysts for photo-controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (photo-ATRP) are metal complexes or synthetically elaborate organic dyes, which are toxic and expensive.
Thermodynamic properties of the uranyl carbonate minerals roubaultite, fontanite, widenmannite, grimselite, čejkaite and bayleyite
Authors: Colmenero Francisco
Published: September 2020

The thermodynamic properties of six important uranyl carbonate minerals, roubaultite, fontanite, widenmannite, grimselite, čejkaite and bayleyite, are determined as a function of temperature using first principles methods.
Electrochemical elucidation of Co0.5M0.5V2O4 (M = Fe or Zn) nanocomposite anode materials for Li-ion storage
Authors: Muruganantham Rasu , Lu Jeng-Shin , Chang Bor Kae , Wang Po Kai , Liu Wei-Ren
Published: September 2020

Stoichiometric spinel-structured Co0.5M0.5V2O4 (M = Fe or Zn) nanocomposites as novel anode materials for lithium-ion storage and their electronic properties via theoretical analysis.
Omni-directional light capture in PERC solar cells enhanced by stamping hierarchical structured silicone encapsulation that mimics leaf epidermis
Authors: Yun Min Ju , Sim Yeon Hyang , Lee Dong Yoon , Cha Seung I.
Published: September 2020

Hierarchical patterns inspired by leaf epidermis structures were applied to PDMS prior to the encapsulation of PERC solar cells. Omni-directional electricity production was enhanced by hierarchical patterns capturing utilizing vertical and oblique light.
Marine natural products from sponges (Porifera) of the order Dictyoceratida (2013 to 2019); a promising source for drug discovery
Authors: Abdelaleem Enas Reda , Samy Mamdouh Nabil , Desoukey Samar Yehia , Liu Miaomiao , Quinn Ronald J. , Abdelmohsen Usama Ramadan
Published: September 2020

Marine organisms have been considered an interesting target for the discovery of different classes of secondary natural products with wide-ranging biological activities.
Different effects of soil bacterial communities affected by biocontrol agent YH-07 on tomato Fusarium wilt inhibition
Authors: Tang Tongtong , Sun Xing , Liu Qin , Dong Yuanhua , Xiang Yuyong
Published: September 2020

The model plant tomato was used to verify the effect and mechanism of a novel discovered strain YH-07 which is a potential agent for biological control of soil borne disease named tomato Fusarium wilt.
Dehydrating agent effect on the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) directly from methanol and carbon dioxide
Authors: Faria Douglas José , Moreira dos Santos Leonardo , Bernard Franciele Longaray , Selbacch Pinto Ingrid , Carmona da Motta Resende Maria Angélica , Einloft Sandra
Published: September 2020

DMC was obtained from methanol and carbon dioxide and a new reactor was proposed for water removal from reaction medium.
Triboluminescence of a new family of CuI–NHC complexes in crystalline solid and in amorphous polymer films
Authors: Karimata Ayumu , Patil Pradnya H. , Fayzullin Robert R. , Khaskin Eugene , Lapointe Sébastien , Khusnutdinova Julia R.
Published: September 2020

Triboluminescent compounds that generate emission of light in response to mechanical stimulus are promising targets in the development of “smart materials” and damage sensors.
Cyclodepsipeptide alveolaride C: total synthesis and structural assignment
Authors: Saha Sanu , Paul Debobrata , Goswami Rajib Kumar
Published: September 2020

First total synthesis of natural cyclodepsipeptide alveolaride C has been accomplished with an unambiguous solution to its structural riddle.
Synthesis of jet fuel range high-density dicycloalkanes with methyl benzaldehyde and acetone
Authors: Timothy Adeleye Aderemi , Han Fengan , Li Guangyi , Xu Jilei , Wang Aiqin , Cong Yu , Li Ning
Published: September 2020

High-density dicycloalkanes were first produced by the acid-catalyzed aldol condensation of acetone and methyl benzaldehyde over protonated titanate nanotubes followed by hydrodeoxygenation in cyclohexane.
Fluid–fluid coexistence in phospholipid membranes induced by decanol
Authors: Suryabrahmam Buti , Agrawal Ayush , Raghunathan V. A.
Published: September 2020

We have observed fluid–fluid coexistence in 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) membranes containing 1-decanol, using different experimental techniques and membrane morphologies.
Indoor application of emerging photovoltaics—progress, challenges and perspectives
Authors: Hou Xueyan , Wang Yiwen , Lee Harrison Ka Hin , Datt Ram , Uslar Miano Nicolas , Yan Dong , Li Meng , Zhu Furong , Hou Bo , Tsoi Wing Chung , Li Zhe
Published: September 2020

Recent progress in the development of OPVs, PPVs and QDPVs for indoor applications.
Correction: Ordered mesoporous Ag-doped TiO2/SnO2 nanocomposite based highly sensitive and selective VOC sensors
Authors: Tomer Vijay K. , Duhan Surender
Published: September 2020

Correction for ‘Ordered mesoporous Ag-doped TiO2/SnO2 nanocomposite based highly sensitive and selective VOC sensors’ by Vijay K. Tomer et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016, 4, 1033–1043, DOI: 10.1039/C5TA08336B.
Correction: Cubic mesoporous Pd–WO3 loaded graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanohybrids: highly sensitive and temperature dependent VOC sensors
Authors: Malik Ritu , Tomer Vijay K.
Published: September 2020

Correction for ‘Cubic mesoporous Pd–WO3 loaded graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanohybrids: highly sensitive and temperature dependent VOC sensors’ by Ritu Malik et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 10718–10730, DOI: 10.1039/C8TA02702A.
Nanocomposites for the delivery of bioactive molecules in tissue repair: vital structural features, application mechanisms, updated progress and future perspectives
Authors: Du Zhipo , Cao Guangxiu , Li Kun , Zhang Ruihong , Li Xiaoming
Published: September 2020

Nanocomposites have attracted great attention in tissue repair as carriers for bioactive molecule delivery due to their biochemical and nanostructural similarity to that of physiological tissues, and controlled delivery of bioactive molecules.
Rapid and cytocompatible cell-laden silk hydrogel formation via riboflavin-mediated crosslinking
Authors: Piluso Susanna , Flores Gomez Daniela , Dokter Inge , Moreira Texeira Liliana , Li Yang , Leijten Jeroen , van Weeren René , Vermonden Tina , Karperien Marcel , Malda Jos
Published: September 2020

A novel methodology for the development of cell-laden silk hydrogels using a biocompatible photo-initiator.
Nanovoid-driven highly crystalline aluminum nitride and its application in solar-blind UV photodetectors
Authors: Lee Moonsang , Son Hyungbin , Lee Hae-Yong , Moon Joonhee , Kim Heejin , Park Ji-In , Liu Zheng , Hahm Myung Gwan , Yang Mino , Kim Un Jeong
Published: September 2020

Surface treatment in AlN layer introduces nanovoids, which suppressed the propagation of threading dislocations to the surface, thus encouraging the growth of high crystalline AlN.
Cross-Morpheme Generalization Using a Complexity Approach in School-Age Children
Authors: De Anda Stephanie , Blossom Megan , Abel Alyson D.
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This single-case study examines a complexity approach to target selection in grammatical intervention in three children with varying levels of mastery of tense and agreement. Specifically, we examine whether targeting a complex tense and agreement grammatical structure (auxiliary BE in questions) leads to generalization to other less complex and related tense and agreement markers (auxiliary BE in declaratives, copula BE, third-person singular –s, and past tense –ed).

Method

Three children (all boys; aged 5;5–9;7 [years;months]) with deficits in morphosyntax were enrolled in a treatment program targeting a complex grammatical structure (auxiliary BE in questions) following collection of multiple baselines. Children's performance on the complex structure and related tense and agreement markers were tracked before, during, and after the intervention across three different tasks.

Results

Results show that, despite its grammatical complexity, the target was elicited in all three children with incomplete mastery of the tense and agreement system. Furthermore, all children demonstrated generalization to expressive language by increasing their mean length of utterance by approximately one morpheme during spontaneous language production following intervention. All children demonstrated individual patterns of generalization to other tense and agreement structures not targeted during intervention.

Conclusions

These functional changes observed following intervention set the stage for future controlled studies to establish a stronger cause–effect relation. Taken together, this study contributes to an emerging body of work showing that complex grammatical targets may be used in intervention earlier than previously thought.
Full wavefield simulation versus measurement of microwave scattering by a complex 3D-printed asteroid analogue
Authors: Eyraud Christelle , Sorsa Liisa-Ida , Geffrin Jean-Michel , Takala Mika , Henry Gérard , Pursiainen Sampsa
Published: September 2020

Context. The small bodies of the Solar System, and especially their internal structures, are still not well-known. Studies of the interior of comets and asteroids could provide important information about their formation and also about the early Solar System.

Aims. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of obtaining information about their inner structure from their response to an incident electromagnetic field in preparation for future space radar missions. Our focus is on experimental measurements concerning two analog models with the shape of 25143 Itokawa, a small rubble pile asteroid monitored by the Japanese space agency’s (JAXA) Hayabusa mission in 2005.

Methods. The analog models prepared for this study are based on the a priori knowledge of asteroid interiors of the time. The experimental data were obtained by performing microwave-range laboratory measurements. Two advanced in-house, full-wave modelling packages – one performing the calculations in the frequency domain and the other one in the time domain – were applied to calculate the wave interaction within the analog models.

Results. The electric fields calculated via both the frequency and time domain approach are found to match the measurements appropriately.

Conclusions. The present comparisons between the calculated results and laboratory measurements suggest that a high-enough correspondence between the measurement and numerical simulation can be achieved for the most significant part of the scattered signal, such that the inner structure of the analog can be observed based on these fields. Full-wave modeling that predicts direct and higher order scattering effects has been proven essential for this application.
The version of microevolutionary relationships between the Siberian species Elymus margaritae, E. komarovii, and E. transbaicalensis (Poaceae) according to sequencing of the nuclear gene GBSS1 (waxy)
Authors: Agafonov Alexander , Emtseva Maria , Shabanova (Kobozeva) Elena , Asbaganov Sergey
Published: September 2020

A comparative study was made of the sequence of the GBSS1 gene fragment in accessions of closely related species Elymus margaritae, E. komarovii, and E. transbaicalensis from Siberia. Nucleotide sequences of the gene were determined for St subgenomes in accessions of E. margaritae and E. komarovii from classical habitats. The StH-genomic constitution was confirmed, and microevolutionary relationships between species were evaluated by constructing the NJ dendrogram. It was shown that variants of the St subgenomes in accessions E. margaritae GUK-1009 and E. komarovii AUK-9803 belong to the North American ancestral line St2 of the genus Pseudoroegneria, in contrast to accessions E. margaritae AUK-0650 and E. komarovii GAR-0501. The latter belong to the Asian branch of St1, together with variants of subgenomes in the species E. gmelinii and E. pendulinus. That is, according to the differentiation levels of the St subgenome, accession E. margaritae GUK-1009 (holotype) is significantly distanted from the accession AUK-0650 (paratype), which in turn is close to accessions of E. komarovii and E. transbaicalensis from East Sayan. According to levels of differentiation of the H subgenome, the studied species did not show noticeable differences.
Peculiarities of microevolution processes in Trollius asiaticus in South Siberia Mountains
Authors: Buglova Lyubov V. , Zhirova Olga S.
Published: September 2020

In the paper, we analyse the distribution of species and forms closely-related to Trollius asiaticus L. growing in the mountains of South Siberia between the Altai Mountain Country and Baikalia. The interrelationship between the endemic species and forms of high-mountains and parental lowland forms are adjacent-sympatric. We suppose the ways of disruptive selection to be of the same type, thus resulting in T. sajanensis and T. altaicus speciation, which are twin-species to each other. Between the parental and daughter species, there are interlayers of morphological forms being introgressive to both species. Key words: characters, populations, disruptive selection, introgression, speciation.
Development pattern of the endemic of Baikal Siberia – Dracocephalum popovii T.V. Egorova et Sipliv. (Lamiaceae).
Authors: Denisova Gulnora
Published: September 2020

The structure and development pattern of endemic of Baikal Siberia Dracocephalum popovii T.V. Egorova et Sipliv were studied in Buryatia. The base of the shoot system of adults is made up of branched and unbranched bi-tricyclical root-elongated and monocyclical elongated monocarpic shoots. Ontogenesis of individuals of D. popovii – full, difficult also consists of ontogenesis of a seed individual and the reduced ontogeneses of affiliated individuals. Individuals of a vegetative origin are represented by partial branched and unbranched shoots with an adventitious root system. Every year, the aboveground part of the individual completely dies, the shoot formation occurs due to the kidneys of the geophilic part of the bi-tricyclical rhizome-elongated shoots.
Features of propagation by seeds of rare and endangered plant species in culture
Authors: Elisafenko Tatyana , Yakk Victoria
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the conservation of rare and endangered species in a culture The problems and features of reproduction by seeds of these species were been considered. The stages were been distinguished – preparatory (informational), seed collection, drying, peeling, storage, germination, genetic identification. Approaches to seed collection and storage were been presented. It is proposed to use a refrigeration chamber (+ 4 ° C) for long-term storage of seeds.
Study of flowering patterns of Campanula L. species using computer modeling
Authors: Fomina Tatyana I. , Fomin Eduard S.
Published: September 2020

Long-term data on flowering phenology of 9 Campanula L. species were processed using computer modeling. Modified model is proposed to describe flowering of monocarpic shoots with multi-flowered inflorescences taking into account structural inflorescence features and morphogenesis of floral zone. The flowering patterns are determined by degree of inflorescence branching and sequence of flowers opening in them. It is shown that flowering curve for simple inflorescences is unimodal: it has single peak associated with opening of terminal flower and flowers on the 1st order axes. For compound inflorescences two maxima are noted (the second of them is due to opening of flowers on the 2nd order axes), or curve has wavy character. Regression curves describing sequence of flowers opening on the 1 st order axes are different. They are C-shaped if flowering begins in lower third of the inflorescence and then spreads divergently. More often terminal flower opens first, and is accompanied by several flowers in lower third of inflorescence, while next flowers open in divergent way. In this case the regression curves are S-shaped. The proposed model reproduces picture of individual flowering with natural variability, and can be used to describe flowering of various taxa of herbaceous plants with multi-flowered inflorescences.
Sexual types of flowers morphology inHeracleum sibiricum(Apiaceae)
Authors: Godin Vladimir , Ialamova Zanetta
Published: September 2020

According to the structural features ofHecaleum sibiricumflowers, three sexual types of flowers are distinguished, bisexual, pistillate, and staminate. In pistillate flowers a reduction of androecium and its parts is observed, and a reduction of gynoecium, with the exception of stylopodium there is in staminate flowers. The three sexual types of flowers in a umbellet are significantly distinguished by their size that is decreased in the following row: bisexual – pistillate – staminate. The reasons of such changes are discussed.
Features of the development of xylorhizomes in a dwarf subshrub Scutellaria mongolica K. Sobol.
Authors: Guseva Alexandra A. , Cheryomushkina Vera A.
Published: September 2020

The development of individuals of the endemic Scutellaria mongolica in the shrubbed meadow steppe and steppe meadow in the Kemerovo region was studied. It was established that the species forms an implicit polycentric dwarf subshrub life form with xylorhizomes. In adulthood, individuals form a clump, which includes three variants of xylorhizomes, differing in the time of occurrence, the origin and type of formation shoots. In the young generative state, epigeogenic xylorhisomes of two variants develop, and in the mature generative state, hypo-epigeogenic xylorhisomes develop. In different habitats, multivariance of the development of adult individuals is observed. On a plain habitats in a steppe meadow, xylorhizomes branch in the third year, they are short, very thickened, and their life expectancy reaches 16 years. On the steep slopes in the shrubbed meadow steppe, xylorhizomes branch in the first year of their occurrence, they are long, slightly thickened, and their life expectancy is from 4 to 8 years. It was shown that the difference in the formation of xylorhisomes is one of the mechanisms for the sustainable existence of the species in different ecologo-phytocenotic conditions.
Some of issues of endemic species reproductive biology of Southern Siberia Hedysarum L.
Authors: Karnaukhova Nina , Selyutina Inessa , Syeva Serafima
Published: September 2020

The seed productivity of endemic species of the genus Hedysarum L. in southern Siberia was studied. It is established that the reproduction of these species is carried out only by seed. Flowering occurs in June, the number of flowers in the inflorescence ranges from 12.3 to 19.1. The efficiency of fruit formation (% of the set beans from the number of flowers) differs significantly: the maximum values are marked for H. austrosibiricum, H. turczaninovii and H. sangilense (90.7-74.1 %), the minimum values are marked for the rare H. minussinense, H. chaiyrakanicum, H. zundukii (35.3 – 47.2 %). A decrease in the number of seeds that are set compared to the number of ovules, caused by various reasons, leads to a significant decrease in the RSP compared to the PSP. The percentage of semenification in the studied species is highest in the endemics H. austrosibiricum, H. sangilense and H. turczaninovii (56.545.1 %), the minimum – in the rare H. zundukii, H. minussinense and H. chaiyrakanicum (9.8-36.5 %).
Biological active compounds and antioxidant activity of plants from the collection of Central Siberian Botanical Garden. II. Lamiaceae
Authors: Karpova Evgeniya A. , Kukushkina Tatyana A. , Shaldaeva Tatyana M. , Pshenichkina Yuliya A.
Published: September 2020

The contents of the major groups of biologically active compounds (catechins, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, pectin, and carotenoids) and total antioxidants (TA) in the leaves and the flowers of Agastahe rugosa_(Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Kuntze, Betonica officinalis L., Dracocephalum nutans L., Mentha caucasica Gand., Nepeta grandiflora M. Bieb., Origanum vulgare L., Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Lamiaceae), collected during the flowering period of 2019 in “Collections of living plants indoors and outdoors” USU 440534 of Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Novosibirsk, were studied. The concentrations of constituent majority were higher in leaves compared to flowers. In the leaves, maximums of catechins (15.60 mg-g-1, B. officinalis), flavonoids (61.5 mg-g-1, S. baicalensis), saponins (178.5 mg-g-1, D. nutans), and protopectin (106.0 mg g-1, B. officinalis) were revealed. In the flowers, maximums of tannins (247.4 mg g-1, O. vulgare) and pectin (16.31 mg g-1, S. baicalensis) were found. Maximum of total antioxidant contents (TAC) (6.21 mgg-1) was detected in the leaves of O. vulgare. Positive correlations between TAC and the content of tannins and flavonoids were revealed. The results confirm health benefits of the studied species and contribute to the knowledge of the distribution of saponins and pectins in the Lamiaceae.
Ecotypification of local populations of rare species Calvatia gigantea (Basidiomycota: Agaricales) in ultracontinental zones of Mongolia and Russia
Authors: Kherlenchimeg Nyamsuren , Baikov Konstantin , Burenbaatar Ganbaatar
Published: September 2020

Study of the levels of climatic comfort in localities of the rare species Calvatia gigantea from Agaricales of Basidiomycota is performed using multimodal ecoinformative approach with maximum entropy method. For numerically exact and correct assessment of the level of climate suitability, we propose recalculate the scale of probalility finding of a species into a new scale of climate suitability, with the next intervals: low suitable (1–3 points), ambivalent (4–6 points), and genuine suitable (7–9 points). Also there are two transit zones between these intervals. It has been astablished that local populations of the species in Altai territorial group differ significantly in levels of climatic comfort (3.2, 5.4, and 6.2 points). Local population near Sharangol in Khentei territorial cluster (Central Mongolia) gets 4.0 points of climate comfort, and local population in Khingan Mountains (Eastern Mongolia) gets 7.3 points, the best result in the set studied. The ecotypification of localities was carried out, according to which all the studied populations of C. gigantea are assigned to different ecotypes, since each studied locality is characterized by the unique climatic spectrum and the specific variable of the first rank.
Age-related changes in lawn phytocenoses of various species
Authors: Khussainova Irina
Published: September 2020

This article presents comparative data on the study of several composite multicomponent and monocomponent lawn cenoses based on the analysis of their density and decorative score. To ensure the best stability, projective coating and decorativeness, it is important when choosing components and composing herbal mixtures to take into account their interspecific dynamics of development, pace of development and longevity. Optimum cenoses are obtained by combining species from the rhizome-bush group, slowly growing, yet more long-lived, such as Festuca rubra L., Poa pratensis L. The decorativeness of such cenoses is about 7.5 points, density about 20000 pcs / m2. With age, in complex cenoses, the density of shoots increases, in monotypic ones it decreases.
Biomorphs Solanum dulcamara L. and their contribution in seasonal climate grasses origin
Authors: Konovalova Irina , Savinykh Natalya
Published: September 2020

The paper demonstrates S. dulcamara ecobiomorphs: a long rhizome semi-woody liana (LSL), a long rhizome subshrub with ascending shoots (LSAS), a root sucker subshrub and a shortlived plants of vegetative origin; and ontobiomorphs: a taproot upright subshrub (TUS), a subshrub with a mixed root system (SMRS), LSL, and LSAS. Possible stages and modes are suggested of Solanum biomorph transformation: 1. TUS, as a result of prolongation on the shoot (adventitious roots) and shoot system level (two or more replacement shoots), deviations on individual plant level (shoot lodging), transforms into SMRS; 2. SMRS, through the plant’s ontogenesis abbreviation (fragmentation), prolongation (epigeogenum rhizome), and deviation (stem twisting), transforms into LSL. Further LSL habit transformations can occur in xerophylous and hygrophylous biomorph evolution lines. On dry soil, as a result of prolongation (adventitious buds on roots), a root sucker subshrub appears. A hygrophyle line is possible in case of prolongations on the shoot level (metamere number increase within a shoot, dicyclic shoots), of the individual plant abbreviations (shortened life-time of sympodial axes, early fragmentation) and end with a short-lived plants of vegetative origin. Possibly, mien changes in S. dulcamara ontogenesis show possible stages in Solanum life forms transformation, from tree forms to LSL.
Phenolic compounds in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) microshoots
Authors: Kotsupiy Olga , Karpova Evgeniya , Ambros Elena
Published: September 2020

The HPLC method was used to study the composition and contents of phenolic compounds in the microshoots of Fragaria × ananassa Duch. plantlets during the multiplication and in vitro rooting stages in comparison with field-grown plants. Phenolic compounds of the microshoots are predominantly represented by ellagic acid and its derivatives, as well as hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids, in contrast to the leaves of field-grown plants with a high level of flavonoids. The increased contents of individual hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids in the microshoots compared with the leaves of field-grown strawberry plants indicates a possible role of phenolic acids in plant adaptation under in vitro conditions.
Antiviral activity of Siberian wild and cultivated plants
Authors: Mazurkova Natalya , Protsenko Mariya , Lobanova Irina , Filippova Ekaterina , Vysochina Galina
Published: September 2020

The article presents data on the antiviral activity of ethanol and aqueous extracts isolated from the herb plants Dracocephalum nutans, Glechoma hederacea, Melissa officinalis, Berteroa incana, Aegopodium podagraria, and Veronica longifolia against the A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/chicken/ Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1) subtypes of influenza A virus (IAV) in MDCK cell culture. It was found that the ethanol extracts of Glechoma hederacea, Berteroa incana, and Aegopodium podagraria have the antiviral activity in vitro in MDCK cell culture against H3N2 subtype of IAV. The aqueous extracts of Glechoma hederacea, Melissa officinalis, Aegopodium podagraria, and Veronica longifolia and ethanol extracts of Berteroa incana and Veronica longifolia are active against H5N1 subtype of IAV. None of the extracts of Dracocephalum nutans showed significant activity against the studied subtypes. The greatest efficiency was shown by the ethanol extract of Aegopodium podagraria against the H5N1 subtype and aqueous extracts from Glechoma hederacea and Melissa officinalis.against the H3N2 subtype. The ethanol extract of Berteroa incana has a high activity against both IAV subtypes, which makes this sample the most promising for creating new drugs for the prevention and treatment of influenza virus.
Protein ratio in Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev phytomass as a quality index of the forage indicators and growth ecological conditions
Authors: Merkusheva Maria , Badmaeva Natalia , Boloneva Ludmila , Lavrentieva Irina , Buharova Evgenia
Published: September 2020

L. chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev is a valuable hay and fattening grazing plant. The paper objective is to study L. chinensis production and protein ratio in communities growing under different ecological conditions of West Transbaikalia. It was established that the leymus community primary production is 1029-2370 g/m2 a year; the aboveground phytomass is almost completely formed by L. chinensis. The biochemical composition, forage value and protein ratio of the edificator are determined by the growing conditions, and complies with regulatory indicators, in general.
Initial stages of Gymnadenia conopsea (Orchidaceae) morphogenesis in in vitro culture
Authors: Nabieva Alexandra , Zhmud Elena , Zaytseva Yulianna
Published: September 2020

In the West Siberia there is very little data on the biology of cenopopulations of Gymnadenia conopsea. Habitat destruction and environmental changes, which potentially affected species long-term viability, led to G. conopsea cenopopulations fragmentation and isolation. A detailed study of the morphology variability of the Fragrant orchid representatives was carried out in the cenopopulation in Novosibirsk region. Our results indicate that asymbiotic germination of G. conopsea seeds is difficult to achieve and the species has serious conservation issues. It is the first report when the introduction of G. conopsea in tissue culture was undertaken as the initial stage of germplasm conservation of Siberian cenopopulation. Three modified nutrient media with different growth additives were tested to promote protocorm and seedling formation. The advanced G. conopsea seedlings establishment was obtained in 1/3 Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, supplemented by 1.0 mgl−1 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP), 0.1 mgl−1 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 10% coconut water. This study allowed establishing a reliable and reproducible system for the G. conopsea maintenance and conservation ex situ.
About relict larches of mountain forest steppe of South Siberia
Authors: Namzalov Bimba , Dubrovsky Nikolay
Published: September 2020

The paper provides original information about relict phenomena in the structure of the forest component of the mountain forest-steppe of Southern Siberia (SS). Larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) shrub-grass forests are a characteristic element of vegetation in the forest-steppe of the SS. The oldest are the Pliocene, the most thermophilic analogues of the modern forest-steppe, noted in the foothills of the Western Tannu-Ola ridge (natural boundary Khorlety) – is a small-leaved honeysuckle-wormwood larch forest with participation in the community of highland-Asian elements of ancient Middle-earth – Lonicera microphylla, Cotoneaster megalocarpus, Spiraea hypericifolia. In the conditions of Western Transbaikalia, in the spurs of the Malyi Khamar-Daban ridge (natural boundary Inzagatuy) described the relict sedge-needlegrass larch forest with the participation of characteristic species of the periglacial Pleistocene complex such as Helictotrichon altaicum, Festuca sibirica, Artemisia commutata and others. In the Quaternary period – especially in the xerothermic phases of the Holocene, as mountain glaciers were deglaciated and a relatively warm and temperate climate develops, conditions are created for the formation of a modern mountain forest-steppe in the conditions of the semi-humid climatic regime of the SS.
Taxonomical features of stigmas of tribe Lithospermeae DC. (Boraginaceae) species in Asiatic Russia
Authors: Nikiforova Olga
Published: September 2020

With the help of scanning electron microscopy, morphology of stigmas and shapes of papillae were studied for 11 species (from Asiatic Russia) of genera Lithospermum L., Buglossoides Moench, Cerinthe L., Echium L., and Onosma L., belonging to tribe Lithospermeae, and two species of the genus Botriospermum Bunge of unknown taxonomical affiliation in the family Boraginaceae. It was revealed that the shapes of the stigma and papillae can be useful for clarifying relationships among the species and genera, thus complementing the data for compiling a fuller and more correct taxonomy of the family Boraginaceae.
About some peculiarities of calcephyte flora of the Small-Amalatian depress (Northern Transbaikalia)
Authors: Pyzhikova Evgenia , Tsyrenova Marina , Novolodskij Igor
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the calcephyte flora of the Small-Amalatian depress. The main objective of the study is to carry out floristic analysis of limestone outcrops. The calcephytic flora was analyzed on the longitudinal element, biomorphological, taxonomic and ecological analyzes were carried out.