bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zadaniowa koncepcja kształcenia językowego w materiałach do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego
Authors: Janowska Iwona
Published: December 2020

Pod koniec minionego stulecia w ramach metodologii komunikacyjnej zrodziła się potrzeba dostosowania systemu nauczania języków obcych do wymogów zmieniającej się rzeczywistości. Europejski system opisu kształcenia językowego Rady Europy (2003) zaprezentował nową wizję komunikacji i nowe ujęcie kompetencji użytkowników języka: komunikacja jest działaniem. Stąd zrodziło się pojęcie podejścia ukierunkowanego na działanie. W podejściu tym zaproponowano specyficzny sposób rozwijania sprawności komunikacyjnych, który polega na wykonywaniu zadań osadzonych w kontekstach środowiskowych i sytuacyjnych. Zasady nauczania i uczenia się zadaniowego od kilku lat przenikają do dydaktyki języka polskiego jako obcego. Niestety, mimo dość dobrze rozbudowanej bazy teoretycznej podejścia ukierunkowanego na działanie i zadaniowego brak jest nadal kompleksowych materiałów praktycznych i podręczników, które rozpropagowałyby założenia europejskiej polityki językowej w glottodydaktyce polonistycznej. Artykuł pokazuje, jak zastosować podejście zadaniowe w praktyce pedagogicznej. Zaprezentowana zostanie koncepcja podręczników zadaniowych, powstających w Centrum Języka i Kultury Polskiej w Świecie Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, która wpisuje się w najnowsze tendencje współczesnej glottodydaktyki. Odpowiada ona potrzebie uczenia języka żywego, autentycznego, który jest przede wszystkim narzędziem do wykonywania rozmaitych zadań o charakterze społecznym.
Scribal Habits in the Slavonic Manuscripts with Athanasius’ Second Oration against the Arians
Authors: Lytvynenko Viacheslav V.
Published: December 2020

This article introduces the readers to the scribal habits/practices in ten Slavonic manuscripts that contain Athanasius’ Second Oration against the Arians. These scribal habits are classified and analyzed according to eleven categories: (1) omissions, (2) additions, (3) substitutions, (4) transpositions, (5) non-sense readings, (6) marginal corrections, (7) marginal notes, (8) deletions, (9) erasures, (10) interlinear corrections, and (11) corrections within the text. The analysis of each manuscript is accompanied with the statistical tables that summarize the collected data according to these eleven categories, and there is a longer summary table in the Appendix. Of the ten manuscripts, two are analyzed in more detail as a way of illustrating how the Orations were copied and read in medieval times, and how theological concerns and local contexts affected the scribe’s interaction with the text.
The Spoils of War “Divided into Three Parts”: A Comparison between Two Accounts in Skylitzes’ Synopsis historiarum and Kritoboulos’ History of Mehmed the Conqueror
Authors: Hristov Yanko , Kitanov Valentin
Published: December 2020

One can say without hesitation that during the highly dynamic medieval epoch rivalries and military clashes were of paramount importance in the struggles for dominance over the Balkan Peninsula. During the entire period, war-time activities included the capturing of those who had the misfortune to fall into the hands of the enemy. Various groups of soldiers and civilians alike have repeatedly tested the bitterness of captivity. Attempts to trace the fate of war-captives are, for understandable reasons, directly dependent on the data in the written records. The comparison of the various historical accounts is rather typical, even if the records deal with events that are different in time, place and participants. The present paper also compares two descriptions. This study encompasses two well-known historical accounts: the first one is from the chronicle (Synopsis historiarum) of John Skylitzes, while the second one is excerpted from Kritoboulos’ History of Mehmed the Conqueror. Despite all distinctions, there are some particular similarities. Both fragments concern the division of the spoils of war and the fate of the captured population and provide additional knowledge of the practices relating to prisoners of war in the Balkan medieval past.
Halina Evert-Kappesowa, (Co-)Founder of Post-War Polish Byzantine Studies
Authors: Kolbuszewska Jolanta
Published: December 2020

This article aims to expand information on the life and academic career of a historian from Łódź, the co-founder of Polish post-war Byzantine studies – Halina Evert-Kappesowa. Based on student files preserved at the University of Warsaw, as well as employee and promotion records in the Archives of the University of Łódź, the author has established facts such as the date and place of Kappesowa’s birthday, subsequent stages of education and reasons for her delayed promotions. She has also addressed Evert-Kappesowa’s achievements and their reception. This paper provides vital additions to the debate on the contribution of female historians to the development of Polish history.

The text consists of two parts; the first is devoted to the biography of the heroine and her research interests. The second concerns the course of her scientific career.
Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy in the Mythologem of “Heavenly Customs”, between Rumanian Popular Books and Folklore
Authors: Valmarin Luisa
Published: December 2020

The article shows that the mythologem associated with the ascension of the soul, despite its very antique origin and its presence as a citation in the writings of the Fathers of the Eastern Church, emerges with time displaying specific connotations, thanks to which it enters the Gnostic imaginary, to be refracted later in Christianized key in the hagiographic-eschatological narrative hinged on S. Basil the Younger.
Saint Basil, who lived in the 10th century and died probably circa 950, becomes a protagonist of a hagiographic narration. In fact, although the manuscript tradition received by Acta Sanctorum does not diverges from the canonical elements displayed by the life of a saint, a conspicuous numer of Greek testimonies introduces in the narration attributed to Gregory (a disciple of the saint), an eschatological part that includes a description of the afterworld, of the Hell and the punishments received by the sinners, together with textual inserts, considered to be later than the “life” as such. The narrative begins with the story of Theodora, who describes to Gregory the path of her soul through 21 heavenly customs.
The mythologem of Theodora’s heavenly customs is attested by tens of codices from the whole Orthodox area, but it is the Rumanian area only to retransmit and rework, also at folkloric level, the suggestive belief in the heavenly customs. Dualistic memory, oral tradition, and Orthodox hagiography seem to blend, at last, without any contradiction into an extraordinarily vivid and imaginative psychanody.
The Burden, the Craving, the Tool. The Provisioning of the 10th Century Byzantine Army in the Light of Leo’s Tactica and Sylloge Tacticorum
Authors: Wierzbiński Szymon
Published: December 2020

It seems obvious that 10th century was a period in which the Byzantine polemology flourished once again, before it collapsed one hundred years later. During that period numerous authors of Byzantine military treaties instructed imperial commanders how to wage war. Among many issues organization of the campaign was always an important aspect. In this paper I will try to clarify selected problems. First, I will try to specify what the soldiers ate on a daily basis. Next, I will determine to what extent the provisioning system met the expectations and needs of the Byzantines fighting for the empire. With the help of Tactica and Sylloge Tacticorum, I will try to explain how the rations were gathered, transported and protected. Finally, I will specify how the supplies were utilized not only as a means of nourishment, but also as a tool of war. The following research was carried out on the basis of military treaties from the 10th century, since this time was the peak of Byzantine military revival. Although I mainly base my research on the work of Leon the Wise and the anonymous treaty known as Sylloge Tacticorum, I also occasionally refer to other works, such as Peri Strategias, De velitatione and Praecepta Militaria.
The Linguistic Creation of a City in the 16th-century Polish Accounts from Travels to the Holy Land
Authors: Zarębski Rafał
Published: December 2020

The article tries to describe the linguistic creation of a city in Polish 16th-century diaries from journeys to the Holy Land. During long trips, the authors visited many exotic, for the Polish traveller, cities and towns to whom they devoted a lot of space in their diaries. The analysis is based on findings of theory of linguistic image of a world and on the concept of linguistic creation and semiotic role. The author outlines the set of linguistic means used by the diarists to indicate various roles. He concludes that the image of a city presented in the analysed texts oscillates between traditional frame that has its source in the classical antiquity and modern perspective significant for the man of the Renaissance.
Initial Development and Validation of the Likelihood to Physically Abuse Scale in an American Male Sample
Authors: Riley Elisabeth Christina , Yamawaki Niwako
Published: December 2020

In two studies, a psychological measure that predicts the likelihood of a male partner to physically abuse a female intimate partner—the Likelihood to Physically Abuse (LPA) scale—was developed. The LPA scale's internal reliability and validity were tested in Study I (N = 183). In Study II, 299 men were administered the LPA scale online along with validated measures related to intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration to further test the internal reliability of the LPA scale and test its construct and external validity. Overall, the results from both studies showed excellent internal reliability (α ≥ 90) and support for the LPA scale's validity with all but one measure showing moderate (r ≥ .30) to strong correlational relationships (r ≥ .50).
КОНЦЕПТУАЛНЕ ВРЕДНОСТИ ЛЕКСЕМЕ ДРВО И ЊЕНИХ ДЕРИВАТА У СРПСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ
Authors: Štasni Gordana
Published: December 2020

На основу лексичког значења лексеме дрво и њених деривата утврђују се појмовни домени којима посматране јединице припадају с обзиром на њихове значењске реализације. Будући да је лексема дрво вишезначна, њено семантичко-деривационо гнездо је развијено и обухвата 104 деривата с потврдом у РМС. Међутим, укључивањем јединица из РСАНУ употпуњено је ово семантичко-деривационо гнездо и обогаћено лексемама које имају различит статус у лексикону српског језика (покрајинизми, застареле речи, необични облици, индивидуалне творевине, кованице и др.). Компоненцијалном анализом утврђене су компоненте значења из примарне реализације мотивног појма које су у функцији индуктора даљих деривата. Анализа показује да су деривати различитог степена, различите творбене структуре, а да се на основу значења уклапају у девет појмовних домена са већим бројем лексема и у четири појмовна домена са по једним представником.
Features of the attitude of users of the social network Twitter to children in modern Russia
Authors: Zhuravlev Anatoly L. , Kitova Djuliet A.
Published: December 2020

According to statistics, mortality in Russia again exceeded the birth rate. The reasons for this situation are most often called economic factors, but world experience shows that the problem of low birth rates is not always due to difficulties in the economic plan. It is assumed that the demographic situation may be due to psychological factors that will manifest themselves in relation to children. The aim of the study is to identify the structural and substantial characteristics of the relationship of users of social networks to children. The object of the study will be users of the social network Twitter in Russia, and the subject will be messages (tweets) of users in the context of which the word “children” is present. The study used the author’s automated system for analyzing texts and the emotional tone of messages. Keywords: children, attitude, tweets, automated analysis, semantic categories, emotional intensity
Russia – Kazakhstan cooperation in tourism: legal basis, focus areas and results
Authors: Muratshina Ksenia G. , Verbitskaya Tatiana V. , Hamzin Ildar R.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the legal basis and the realization of bilateral cooperation in tourism between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors analyse the data from diplomatic documents, state institutions and mass media of the two countries.
Loyalty to the chosen way. Review of the book by V. D. Ermikov “O vremenakh vysokikh tselei (zapiski ratsional’nogo optimista)” [On the times of lofty goals (notes of a rational optimist)]
Authors: Kupershtokh Natalia
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the content of V. D. Ermikov “On the times of lofty goals (notes of a rational optimist)”. Published in 2019 in Novosibirsk, this book has become a bibliographic rarity. The narration includes essays-memories from the life of the author, as well as sections concerning the history of the scientific life of the Novosibirsk Academgorodok and the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The book belongs to a rare genre of biographical narration, which is inscribed in the context of the history of the country, region,and scientific community.
Le Sahara avance-t-il vers le Sud ?
Authors: Michon P.
Published: December 2020

Les pays africains riverains du Sahara connaissent une longue période de sécheresse aux proportions irrésistiblement caiasirophiques,et la question de l'extension du désert se pose.On peut noter que :-- Le développement économique a entraîné le dépeuplement des cultures industrielles - arachides, cations - ainsi que la subsistanceles cultures, ce qui a accéléré la déforestation.- Le zapping des branches que les bergers pratiquent pour nourrir leurs animaux (surtout les moutons) est une nécessité au Sahel.zone, mais dans certains cas, il est pratiqué:erl de manière excessive.- Les buissons et les incendies sont aujourd'hui plus étendus qu'autrefois, comme en témoigne la présence de palmiers et de calcaires.Ce qu'il faut faire, c'est généraliser le brûlage précoce en dehors des zones irriguées cultivées, et faire des cultures non irriguéessous Acacia alpida, qui est une bonne protection pour les sols cultivés.
Promotion des essences forestières tropicales africaines peu ou pas utilisées
Authors: CIRAD CTFT
Published: December 2020

Après la réunion eurivo1nenne sur la promotion desessences forestières peu ou pas exploitées qui avait étéorganisée à Abidjan du 18 au 21 octobre 1972 (1), des réunionseuro-camerounaise et euro-gabonaise se sont tenues àYaoundé les 28 et 29 mai et à Libreville les 1er et 2 juin1973 dans le cadre de l'opération de promotion de cesessences à laquelle participent les services de la Commissiondes Communautés européennes.
Commerce des bois tropicaux
Authors: CIRAD CTFT
Published: December 2020

Note sur le marché de l'OkouméLa situation de l'approvisionnement du marchéde l'Okoumé n'a fait que s'aggraver depuis notredernière revue de ce sujet.A fin juillet les réceptions par l'Office du Gabonétaient inférieures de 43. 000 tonnes aux prévisionset les perspectives des cinq derniers mois n'étaientguère favorables à tel point que les contrats d'exportationont dû être réduits à 85 % de leurmontant initial.Dans ces conditions il est trop tôt pour évoquerles possibilités de 197 4, mais la reprised'activité en septembre-octobre, l'évolution descours des Bois Divers africains, et l'impactdes arrivages de bois d'Extrême-Orient, donnerontd'ici deux mois de précieuses indicationssur l'évolution probable de la demandeen 1974.Note sur le marché des bois exotiques et tropicauxBien qu' officiellement la période des congés soitterminée, la reprise d'activité est trop récente ettrop brève pour noter des modifications importantespar rapport au calme et à la stabilité descours que nous avons connus depuis deux mois,malgré qu'à l'image de la Côte-d'Ivoire, les Gouvernementsdu Cameroun et du Gabon aient décrétécourant juillet une augmentation des taxes de sortie.Cependant, il est à craindre que la reprise normalede septembre soit différée d'un mois pourdeux raisons principales chargements très importantsdurant juillet/août d'où création de stocksdans les ports européens, et le coût extrêmementimportant de l'argent, coût devenant tel qu'il està prévoir que, contrairement à l'habitude, lesmarchés attendront le tout dernier moment pourrenouveler leurs stocks et leurs contrats.Les trois derniers mois de l'année devraient doncs'annoncer relativement calmes dans leur ensembleavec des cours qui devraient enfin connaître lastabilisation pour le plus grand bien de l'ensemblede la profession.
Driving Force of TQM in Improving SME's Performance: The Roles of Innovation and Spiritual Capital
Authors: Ulyah Fikrotul , Toha Ahmad , Sasongko Sasongko
Published: December 2020

TQM concept is known as a significant driver of performance of large-scale companies. This study points out two perspectives namely direct and indirect influence associated with TQM. Specifically, it delves into the innovation and spiritual capital in improving the performance of Intako. Path analysis was carried out to shed lights on the correlation among the aforementioned aspects. There were 98 samples involved in the study. The research results confirm the influence of innovation and spiritual capital on TQM. Likewise, the same results are evident on the influence of innovation, spiritual capital, and TQM on company performance.

Key word: Innovation, Spiritual Capital, Total Quality Management, Performance, Small-and-Medium Enterprises
The intensity of the accumulation of residual deformations in the railway track operated in complex natural and climatic conditions
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Blazhko L. S. , Chernyaev E. V. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Chernyaeva V. A. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Ganchits V. V. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: December 2020

Objective: To analyze the results of observations conducted to assess the intensity of the accumulation of residual deformations in the railway track structure operated in severe natural and climatic conditions (the observation site is located above the Arctic Circle). The following were also taken into account: the railway track design (type of intermediate fasteners, track slab, condition of the ballast bed), the railway line scheme, the tonnage handled, the train speed and the axle load. Methods: Mathematical statistics, data processing. Results: The dependences of the railway track deformation and strength properties, including the tonnage handled, have been obtained. Practical importance: The presented observation results of the assessment of the intensity of deformation accumulation in the railway track structure operated in the severe natural and climatic conditions of the North of the Arctic Circle indicate that the use of increased axle load wagons will entail a significant reduction in overhaul life and an increase in the track maintenance operating expenditures
Prevalence of recurrent stroke in different age groups
Authors:   PreventAge - International Institute of Integrative Preventive and Anti-Aging Medicine, Klochikhina O.A. , Shprakh V.V. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Stakhovskaya L.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Polunina E.A. ,   Astrakhan state medical university
Published: December 2020

The aim of the research is to study and to analyze the prevalence of recurrent strokes in the Russian regions included in Federal program from 2009 to 2016 on reorganization of care for patients with stroke in different age groups. Material and methods. The research method is territory and population register. The study included seven territories with 7124 of cases of recurrent stroke in total. The examined patients were divided into four age groups: of young age - 25-44 years old; of average age - 45-59 years old; of old age - 60-74 years old, and of senile - 75 years and older. Statistical analysis was carried out using programming language for statistical calculations R version 3.3.2. Results. The maximum number of recurrent stroke cases was registered in old age (46.6%), and the minimum number of cases of recurrent stroke was among young people (2.4%). When analyzing the incidence of recurrent strokes, depending on the year, the most systematic percentage decrease of recurrent strokes was observed among elderly people. The highest percentage of recurrent strokes was determined among the elderly people in 2013 - 26.38%; and the lowest percentage of recurrent strokes was recorded among young people. Conclusion. Among the surveyed age groups statistically significant decrease in recurrent strokes among young, middle-aged and elderly people was revealed during 2009 - 2016. It is the criterion for the effectiveness of recurrent stroke prevention conducted in the studied areas. There was no statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of recurrent stroke among elderly people by 2016. It indicates that the prevention of recurrent strokes in old age is a difficult task due to concomitant diseases and associated pathology in these patients.
Features of cytokine balance in patients with osteoarthrosis and atherosclerosis
Authors:   Chita State Medical Academy, Tsvinger S.M. , Govorin A.V. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Karachenova A.M. ,   Chita State Medical Academy
Published: December 2020

The aim of the research is to study the content of some key pro / anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with osteoarthritis and to evaluate their role in predicting atherogenesis in this category of patients. Material and methods. Patients with primary osteoarthritis of I-III radiological stages were examined. Doppler vessels ultrasound (Doppler ultrasound) of the neck, upper and lower extremities was performed; blood levels of pro / anti-inflammatory cytokines were examined: IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL- 8, IL-18, MCP-1, IL-17, IL-10, IL-33 by flow cytometry. Results. According to the thickness of intima - media complex, the patients were divided into 2 groups: with a normal thickness of intima - media complex and with atherosclerotic plaque. A significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines was revealed in patients with osteoarthritis associated with atherosclerosis compared with those having osteoarthritis with normal thickness of intima-media complex. The level of pro / anti-inflammatory cytokines along with atherosclerosis are closely interconnected. Conclusion. According to the results of the studies obtained, it was found that a long-term subclinical inflammatory process leads to multidirectional disturbances in cytokine balance in patients with osteoarthritis, which probably contributes to the progression of both osteoarthritis and atherosclerosis. A possible factor of early atherosclerosis development in patients with osteoarthritis was also identified.
Serum procollagens, structural and functional characteristics of the heart in prediction of cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction
Authors:   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Osokina A.V. , Karetnikova V.N. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Polikutina O.M. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ivanova A.V. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Gruzdeva O.V. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dyleva Yu.A. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kokov A.N. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Brel N.K. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pecherina T.B. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Barbarash O.L. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
Published: December 2020

The aim of the research is to study the dynamics of fibrosing markers of C-terminal procollagen, type I propeptide (PICP) and N-terminal propeptide type III procollagen (PIIINP) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI); to identify possible correlation between concentration of PICP and PIIINP with the degree of cardiac fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction (DD) in a year after MI. Material and methods. The analyzed sample included STEMI patients with preserved contractility of the left ventricular myocardium (LV). During MI 1-st day the ejection fraction due to Simpson method was ≥50%. On the 1-st and 12-th days of the disease, as well as in a year, the concentration of PICP, PIIINP in venous blood serum was determined in all the studied participants. Standard echocardiographic study was performed with an assessment of LV diastolic function and determination of the following parameters: e’ (septal part displacement), Em (lateral part displacement), and IOLP (indexed left atrium volume). In a year after STEMI, all patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a contrast agent to determine the severity of fibrotic myocardial damage. Results. PICP concentration significantly decreased by annual stage relative to hospital period (p <0.001). Changes in PIIINP concentration were revealed during the 1s-t and 12-th days (p <0.001), and during the 12-th day and a year (p = 0.002). Both markers showed increased values on the 1-st day of the disease and did not decrease throughout the study. According to MRI results, it turned out that 57% (n = 49) of the observed patients had no signs of cardiac fibrosis (CF) in a year after myocardial infarction, while 10.5% of patients had a lesion ≥ 16% (n = 9). Significant correlations were obtained between CF ≥16% and PIIINP concentration on the 12-th day of MI (r = 0.72, p = 0.041), between CF ≥16% and e’ (cm / s) on the 12-th day (r = -0.66, p = 0.006). Conclusion. One can assume that it is possible to reveal developing CF risk group and, therefore, the development of DD in a year after STEMI determining the concentration of fibrosis markers at hospital stage.
Lemuru fish oil gel as host modulation therapy in periodontal ligaments induced with Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Widyastuti W. , Damaiyanti Dian Widya , Mulawarmanti Dian , Sari Cindy Aprilia , Siwi Diah Ayu
Published: December 2020

Background: Periodontitis affects approximately 20%–50% of the global population and is caused by gram-negative bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Host modulation therapy (HMT) is part of a periodontal therapy that is used as an adjunct to conventional periodontal treatment to reduce tissue damage. Lemuru fish oil containing EPA and DHA can reduce the formation of MMPs and will further increase the number of fibroblasts there by stimulating collagen formation. Purpose: To determine the effect of lemuru fish oil gel on the collagen density and width of the periodontal tissue induced by P. gingivalis and the correlation between these parameters. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. Induction of P. gingivalis was carried out first, then lemuru fish oil gel was applied to the gingival sulcus for 14 days, according to collagen scores in histological preparations using Masson's trichrome (MT). The width of the periodontal ligament was measured with an image raster program in µm. The data were analysed using statistics to test hypotheses using SPSS version 24. Results: Significant differences in the results of the collagen density were observed between groups K- and K+ and groups K+ and P2. Meanwhile, no significant difference was observed between groups K- and P2, P3, P2 and P3 and K+ and P1. The mean values of the periodontal ligament widths were K- (299.61 ± 51.82µm), K+ (425.85 ± 61.54µm), P1 (346.93 ± 33.53µm), P2 (370.15 ± 49.42µm) and P3 (379.6 ± 49.26). Conclusion: Lemuru fish oil can affect the width of the ligament and the collagen density with an optimal concentration of 20%. The correlation between the collagen density and the periodontal ligament width was negative and not significant.
Formulation and Evaluation of Hydro-gel containing Eclipta alba extract
Authors: Pushpendra Kumar Kurre  , Suresh Kumar Ghritlahare  , Manmohan Singh Jangdey
Published: December 2020

Formulation & evaluation of Eclipta alba hydro-gel, the medicinal herbal hydrogel was prepared by using alcoholic extracted leaf powder of Eclipta alba, Carbopol-934, Acacia, Glycerin Sodium benzoate and HPMC. Leaves in concentration (1% and 5%) and evaluated using physiological measurements. The prepared herbal hydrogel formulation was studied for pre-liminary evaluation such as Viscosity, pH, Spreadibility, Rheological studies, Skin irritation test and Drug content uniformity Accelerated stability studies for 3 months. The Formulated hydrogel pH was found to range of 6.45 to 6.68, which lies in the normal pH range of the skin. The formulations did not produce any skin irritation, i.e., erythematic and edema for about a week, when applied over the skin. The viscosity of formulation was range 1024 which spread on the skin properly. On the basis of evaluation study, it can be concluded that Eclipta alba Linn. Medicinal herbal hydrogel may be used for wound healing, antibacterial and antifungal activity anticancer, Anti-inflammatory activity.
Education During a Pandemic: Prospects and Challenges of Digital Learning
Authors: Zenkov A.
Published: December 2020

The study focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education systems around the world. The article reveals similarities and differences in decisions made by the responsible bodies in order to ensure the work of educational institutions during the current crisis caused by the new coronavirus pandemic. The author analyses the tools and facilities selected for education process and argues that in most cases digital technologies help students to continue their education even in the face of serious social shocks. At the same time, the downside of digital learning is also discussed. In a significant number of cases, the inability to attend schools and universities has a painful effect on the overall physical (such as food support), psychosocial (stress) and economic (additional costs associated with the need to use equipment and communication facilities) condition of both students and their families. The author emphasizes the pro and contra of digitalization as a vector for the development of education: new technologies not only contribute to solving the “old” issues of the industry, but also provoke the emergence of new challenges in this area. It is noted that the current situation in education can radically change not only the set of familiar tools for transferring knowledge, but also its content. Decision makers, heads of educational institutions, students and their parents face the challenge of finding the optimal ratio of “new” (digital) and “old” (classical) in the emerging model of education of the XXI century. The research is based on data published by international organizations (UN, ITU, UNESCO et al.), educational institutions of various countries of the world, and the author's personal teaching experience during the pandemic.
In Vitro Impact Preliminary Assessment of Airborne Particulate From Metalworking and Woodworking Industries
Authors: Pavlovska Ilona , Ramata-Stunda Anna , Martinsone Žanna , Boroduskis Martins , Patetko Liene , Martinsone Inese , Seile Anita , Vanadziņš Ivars
Published: December 2020

Inhalation is the main route of exposure to airborne pollutants. To evaluate the safety and assess the risks of occupational hazards different testing approaches are used. 3D airway epithelial tissues allow to mimic exposure conditions in vitro, generates human-relevant toxicology data, allows to elucidate mode of action of pollutants. Gilian 3500 pumps equipped with Standard Midget Impingers were used to collect the airborne particulate from woodworking and metalworking environments. EpiAirway™ tissues were used to model half working day (4 h), full working day (8 h), and 3 working day exposures to occupational pollutants. Tissue viability was assessed using MTT assay. RT-qPCR analyses performed to analyze the expression of gelsolin, caspase-3, and IL-6. Tissue morphology was assessed by hematoxylin/eosin staining. Acute exposure to workspace pollutants slightly affected tissue viability and did not change the morphology. Both types of particles suppressed expression of gelsolin, with metalworking samples showing the most pronounced effect. A slight reduction in caspase-3 expression was observed. Particles from metalworking suppressed IL-6 expression. 3D Epithelial tissues can be used to model exposures to airborne pollutants. Exposure to particles from woodworking and metalworking had a minor effect on tissue viability but affected the expression of inflammation and apoptosis-related genes.
Preoperative CTC-Detection by Cell-Search® Is Associated With Early Distant Metastasis and Impaired Survival in Resected Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Hugenschmidt Harald , Labori Knut Jørgen , Borgen Elin , Brunborg Cathrine , Schirmer Cecilie Bendigtsen , Seeberg Lars Thomas , Naume Bjørn , Wiedswang Gro
Published: December 2020

In patients with presumed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), biomarkers that may open for personalised, risk-adapted treatment are lacking. The study analysed the impact of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) on the patterns of recurrence and survival in 98 patients resected for PDAC with 5-10 years of follow-up. Preoperative samples were analysed by the CellSearch® system for EpCAM+/DAPI+/CK+/CD45- CTCs. CTCs were detected in 7 of the 98 patients. CTCs predicted a significantly shorter median DFS of 3.3 vs. 9.2 months and a median CSS of 6.3 vs. 18.5 months. Relapse status was confirmed by imaging for 87 patients. Of these, 58 developed distant metastases (DM) and 29 cases isolated local recurrence (ILR) as first event. All patients with CTCs experienced DM. pN-status and histological grade >2 were other independent risk factors for DM, but only CTCs predicted significantly shorter cancer-specific, disease-free and post-recurrence survival. We conclude that CTC presence in resected PDAC patients predicted early distant metastasis and impaired survival. The impact of CTCs was comparable to that of histopathological risk factors and exceeded the effect size of other preoperative parameters. Thus, preoperative CTCs alone or in combination with histopathological factors may guide initial treatment decisions in patients with resectable PDAC in the future.
RNA Helicase DDX3 Interacts with the Capsid Protein of Hepatitis E Virus and Plays an Indispensable Role in the Viral Replication
Authors: Lin Shaoli , Chang Peixi , He Jia , Coyaud Etienne , Pierce Brian , Zhang Yanjin
Published: December 2020

DDX3 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in multiple cellular activities, including RNA metabolism and innate immunity. DDX3 is known to assist the replication of some viruses while restricting some others through direct interaction with the viral proteins. However, the role of DDX3 in the replication of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is unknown. In this study, DDX3 is shown to interact with the HEV capsid protein and provide an indispensable role in HEV replication. The DDX3 C-terminal domain was demonstrated to interact with the capsid protein, which was previously demonstrated to inhibit the production of type I interferons. Knockdown of DDX3 compromised the capsid protein-mediated blockage of interferon induction. Notably, DDX3 silencing led to a significant reduction in HEV replication. Also, the ATPase activity of DDX3 is required for the HEV replication as an ATPase-null mutant DDX3 failed to rescue the viral replication in the DDX3-silenced cells. These results demonstrate a pro-viral role of DDX3 in HEV replication, providing further insights into the virus-cell interactions.
Planting Density Interferes with Strawberry Production Efficiency in Southern Brazil
Authors: Martins de Lima Juliana , Welter Paola Daiane , Soares dos Santos Marllon Fernando , Kavcic Wanda , Miranda Costa Bruna , Fagherazzi Antonio Felippe , Regianini Nerbass Francine , Anneliese Kretzschmar Aike , Rufato Leo , Baruzzi Gianluca
Published: December 2020

In the search for more efficient production systems, many changes have occurred in the strawberry production sector. Planting density is one of the management techniques that most interferes with the quality of fruits and production aspects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different planting densities on the photosynthetic characteristics, fruit quality, and production of the strawberry cultivar Pircinque. The study was conducted in the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 harvests in Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The treatments consisted of plant spacing of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four blocks and plots of 20 plants. Plant spacing interfered with fruit quality, photosynthetic efficiency, production, productivity, and economic return. Due to the fruits of 'Pircinque' with higher quality than other cultivars, the planting spacing between 5 and 15 cm allows meeting the fruit's main production and quality requirements. However, it is up to the producer to adapt the management if opting for higher planting densities, which allow greater economic viability of the business.
An Experimental Study of the Acetic Acid Steam Reforming Over Co-Based Catalysts
Authors: Cortese Marta , Ruocco Concetta , Palma Vincenzo , Mejia Pedro , Carrero Alicia , Calles José Antonio
Published: December 2020

This work focuses on the support effect on the performances of Co-based catalysts for the acetic acid steam reforming. SBA-15, a well ordered hexagonal mesoporous silica structure, and CeO2 have been selected as the supports, with the impact of chromium addition also being investigated. Better acetic acid steam reforming performances have been recorded for CeO2 compared to SBA-15 supported catalysts and, in particular, the 7Co/CeO2 catalyst showed the highest values of acetic acid conversions with enhanced H2 yields below 480°C, in comparison to the other investigated catalytic formulations. In addition, more pronounced coke depositions and acetone concentrations have been obtained with CeO2 supported catalysts, due to the tendency of ceria to catalyse the ketonization reaction. Chromium addition to Co/SBA-15 catalysts led to an enhancement in the activity towards acetic acid steam reforming, while on CeO2 supported catalysts no improvement in the catalysts activity was observed; however, on both SBA-15 and CeO2 supported catalysts, Cr addition reduced the amount of coke deposited on the catalysts surface.
Formation of Sawtooth Wavesfor Cylindrical and Sphericalkortweg-de Vries-Burgers Equations
Authors: Samokhin Alexey
Published: December 2020

For the KdV-Burgers equations on cylindrical and spherical waves the development of a regular profile starting from an equilibrium under a periodic perturbation at the boundary is studied. The equations describe a medium which is both dissipative and dispersive. Symmetries, invariant solutions and conservation laws are investigated. For an appropriate combination of dispersion and dissipation the asymptotic profile looks like a periodical chain of shock fronts with a decreasing amplitude (sawtooth waves). The development of such a profile is preceded by a head shock of a constant height and equal velocity which depends on spatial dimension as well as on integral characteristics of boundary condition; an explicit asymptotic for this head shock and a median of the oscillating part is found.
Application of Molecular Weight Regulators for the Synthesis of Sodium Polyacrylate Thinners of Mineral Suspensions
Authors: Belov Dmitry
Published: December 2020

The synthesis of additives for thinning mineral suspensions based on sodium polyacrylate was carried out. The effect of molecular weight regulators on the molecular weight characteristics of the polymer and the effect of such polymers on the rheological properties of suspensions was studied. Sodium acrylate polymers are synthesized by free radical polymerization in aqueous solution using molecular weight regulators. The molecular weight characteristics of the polymeric samples were estimated by viscometry using Mark-Houwink-Kuhn-Sakurada (MHKS) equation. Synthesized polymers were used as thinners ceramic slurries, prepared according to the recipe of the enterprises producing ceramic products. The thinning ability of polymer samples with different molecular weights was estimated using an Engler viscometer from the time of the ceramic slurry flow. The influence of the type and amount molecular weight regulator on polyacryates was revealed. It was found that molecular weight synthesized samples was in the range of 21000 - 91000. It was determined that samples with a molecular weight of 28000 - 35000 synthesized using mercaptoethanol (at a dosage of 0.5-1.5% by weight of the monomer) provide optimal fluidity to the ceramic slurry.
Panchromatic Image Super-Resolution via Self Attention-augmented WGAN
Authors: Du Juan , Cheng Kuanhong , Yu Yue , Wang Dabao , Zhou Huixin
Published: December 2020

Panchromatic (PAN) images contain abundant spatial information that is useful for earth observation, but always suffer from low-resolution due to the sensor limitation and large-scale view field. The current super-resolution (SR) methods based on traditional attention mechanism have shown remarkable advantages but remain imperfect to reconstruct the edge details of SR images. To address this problem, an improved super-resolution model which involves the self-attention augmented WGAN is designed to dig out the reference information among multiple features for detail enhancement. We use an encoder-decoder network followed by a fully convolutional network (FCN) as the backbone to extract multi-scale features and reconstruct the HR results. To exploit the relevance between multi-layer feature maps, we first integrate a convolutional block attention module (CBAM) into each skip-connection of the encoder-decoder subnet, generating weighted maps to enhance both channel-wise and spatial-wise feature representation automatically. Besides, considering that the HR results and LR inputs are highly similar in structure, yet cannot be fully reflected in traditional attention mechanism, we therefore design a self augmented attention (SAA) module, where the attention weights are produced dynamically via a similarity function between hidden features, this design allows the network to flexibly adjust the fraction relevance among multi-layer features and keep the long-range inter information, which is helpful to preserve details. In addition, the pixel-wise loss is combined with perceptual and gradient loss to achieve comprehensive supervision. Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other SR methods in terms of both objective evaluation and visual effect.
Entrevista – Terrie Lisa Epstein: Educação histórica: quatro abordagens
Authors: Silva Maria da Conceição , Fronza Marcelo , Teixeira Rafael Saddi
Published: December 2020

Realizada no dia 18 de maio de 2017, na sala de Reuniões do Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da Faculdade de História da Universidade Federal de Goiás- Goiânia- Campus Samambaia.
Lavandula angustifolia PROPAGATED IN IN VITRO CULTURES ON MEDIA CONTAINING AgNPs AND AuNPs – AN ALTERNATIVE TO SYNTHETIC PRESERVATIVES IN COSMETICS
Authors:   Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland, JADCZAK Paula , KULPA Danuta ,   Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Published: December 2020

We determined the preservation properties of Lavandula angustifolia propagated on media with gold or silver nanoparticles with a particle size of 13 and 30 nm. Cosmetic emulsions prepared by using lavender tissue that was propagated on media containing AuNPs and AgNPs showed increased preservative capacities when compared with the control ones. In the case of control cosmetic emulsions, which had no added plant tissues or dehydroacetic acid and benzoic acid (DHA BA), bacterial and fungal colonies appeared after the second week of the experiment. The addition of lavender tissue propagated on media without AuNPs or AgNPs protected the tasted samples from microbial contamination; in this case, bacterial contamination was detected after 4 weeks and fungal contamination after 6 weeks. The addition of lavender tissue propagated on medium containing AgNPs with a particle size of 13 nm at a concentration of 1 mg · dm−3 prolonged the time of detection of bacteria colonies to 8 weeks (0.9) and this result was close and comparable to the effect of DHA BA. Higher concentrations of AgNPs in the culture medium, as well as a larger particle diameter (30 nm), resulted in the decreased preservative capacity of plant tissues. The presence of AuNPs in the culture media showed a positive effect on the antimicrobial activity of lavender; however, to a lesser degree than in the case of AgNPs. Disintegrated fragments of lavender tissue propagated on media containing 1 mg ∙ dm−3 AgNPs with particle size of 13 nm can be used to preserve short shelf life cosmetic emulsions.
Snow–avalanche history reconstructed with tree rings in Parâng Mountains (Southern Carpathians, Romania)
Authors: TODEA Corina , Pop Olimpiu Traian , GERMAIN Daniel
Published: December 2020

Snow avalanches are a common phenomenon in Parâng Mountains (Southern Carpathians, Romania) perturbing tourism activities and associated infrastructures, damaging forests, and causing fatalities. Its past history is an es­sential information to gather while assessing the hazard zonation areas. Usually, in Romania snow–avalanche activ­ity occurring in forested areas are neither monitored, nor recorded by historical archives. In these areas, environ­mental archives such as tree rings may provide useful information about the past avalanche activity. The purpose of the present study is to reconstruct snow–avalanche history with tree rings along a path located below Cârja Peak (2405 m a.s.l.), an area where past snow–avalanche activity still remains underestimated. In this sense, 57 Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) trees showing clear signs of disturbance by snow avalanches were sampled and the growth anomalies associated with the mechanical impact produced by snow avalanches on trees were identified within their rings and served to reconstruct past events. The reconstructed chronology covers the period 1994–2018 showing the occurrence of a minimum of 11 major events, with an average return period of 2.1 years. Tree–ring records provided the most consistent avalanche event chronology in the study area. Although the lim­ited extension of the chronology back in time, a better understanding of snow–avalanche history which may be gained through dendro­chronological reconstructions represent nonetheless useful and pertinent information to consider before the imple­mentation and development of infrastructure in this mountain avalanche–prone area.