bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Minimizing the Selection Pressure of Site-Specific Fungicides Towards Phakopsora pachyrhizi in Mato Grosso State: A Review
Authors: Reis Erlei Melo , Guerra Wanderlei Dias , Zambolim Laércio , Juliatti Fernando C. , Menten José Otávio
Published: April 2022

The determining cause of selection pression that has resulted in the increased development of resistance of Phakopsora pachyrhizi to fungicides used in Mato Grosso, Brazil, is the use of site-specific fungicides (DMIs, QoIs and SDHIs) solo or in double and triple mixtures. These fungicides have selected mutants resulting in cross and multiple resistance to P. pachyrhizi. The other secundary selection factors are: (a) fungus with high reproductive potential; (b) three sprayingns/area/season; (c) annually sprayed area of more than 10 million hectares; (d) fungus under site-specific selection during 20 years totaling 200 applications/area. Reports indicate that resistance develops only for site-specific, having resulted in eight mutations in Brazil involved with sensitivity reduction to P. pachyrhizi. In contrast, for multisites (chlorothalonil, mancozeb, copper oxychloride) there was found no report on the resistance development in rust-causing fungi and for general fungi to copper fungicides. It is not necessary to withdraw site-specifics from the market, nor the synthesis of molecules with new mode of action, but to avoid their use alone or in their mixtures. In this sense, it is more efficient to market them only in combination with multissites. An example is the worlwide success achieved in the control of oomycetes in potatoes, tomatoes and vines with metalaxyl + mancozebe. This review clearly shows the problem, site-specific mode of action fungicides solo, on resistance development to P. pachyrhizi and the solution, site-specific + mode of action multissites, sprayed in all soybean grown area and in all applications. Preventing and delaying adaptation to fungicide resistance in the pathogen is the main objective of disease management.
Effect of Oversowing and Fertilization on Species Composition, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Forages on a Permanent Wet Meadow
Authors: Durant Daphné , Doublet Corentin
Published: April 2022

The improvement of forage production and nutrition quality on native grasslands through plant species oversowing and fertilization (legumes in particular, coupled with phosphorus fertilization) is known to have been widely adopted worldwide. Less is known about this practice on the wet grasslands of the French Atlantic littoral marshes. The purpose of this study, conducted over a 3-year period (2012-2014) on the Saint Laurent de la Prée research farm, was to investigate the effects on the yield and nutritional quality of forage hay on a permanent wet meadow, of oversowing with different plant species and fertilization. We found that the success of oversowing was influenced by species or mixtures, and depended on their ability to develop and persist in the cover. In general, oversowing tended to provide benefits in terms of the total annual forage yield in 2013, with a slight increase in forage quality in 2012 and 2013. Fertilization provided no real benefit in terms of forage quality. There was no persistence of introduced species in the sward, as in 2014 almost all of them disappeared. In the conditions of this study, the benefits of oversowing and fertilizer applications were limited and short-lived. These results are discussed in relation to the conservation value of these wet grasslands and the need to pursue research on agroecology for their biodiversity-oriented management.
Nutrient Cycling of Cover Crops in an Amazonian Ecosystem
Authors: Alves Mauro da Silva , Gama Laís Alves da , Leite Bruna Nogueira , Pinto Karla Gabrielle Dutra , Souza Letícia de Paula Neves de , Albertino Sônia Maria Figueiredo
Published: April 2022

Cover crops act to improve the chemical and physical quality of the soil and provide sustainability in agricultural systems. Studying the decomposition of these cover crops is key to understand the process of nutrient cycling in cultivation. The purpose of the study was to assess the decomposition and release of nutrients from cover crops in an Amazonian ecosystem. The experiment was conducted in a commercial guarana plantation area at farm Agropecuária Jayoro in Presidente Figueiredo-AM in two agricultural years (2018 and 2019), with a randomized block experimental design following a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, with four cover species (Arachis pintoi, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Canavalia ensiformis and Mucuna deeringiana) and four assessment periods (0, 60, 120, 180 days). The cover crops showed a high rate of decomposition of residues in the two years assessed. The legumes presented high initial nutrient contents. The release of N, P, Ca, and Mg was slower. K showed a rapid release from the decomposition of the residues of the assessed cover crops.
Procesafspraken in strafzaken
Authors: Peters L.J.J. (Laura)
Published: April 2022

Procesafspraken in strafzaken

Sinds het najaar van 2021 heeft het maken van ‘procesafspraken’ een hoge vlucht genomen in de Nederlandse strafrechtspraktijk. Het betreft een nieuwe en fundamenteel andere manier van procederen op basis van consensus met rechterlijke toetsing. Met het maken van procesafspraken trachten openbaar ministerie, advocatuur en rechtspraak het hoofd te bieden aan het toenemende aantal (omvangrijke) strafzaken. Deze bijdrage bespreekt het fenomeen en diverse actuele experimenten in verschillende arrondissementen, en gaat in op ervaringen met procesafspraken in andere Europese landen. Daarna volgt een kritische beschouwing van de eerste vonnissen waarin procesafspraken werden goedgekeurd. De bijdrage eindigt met een oproep tot wetgeving.
THE FUNCTION OF THE SALE AND PURCHASE DEED IN THE TRANSFER OF LAND OWNERSHIP RIGHTS
Authors: Irhamulloh Abba Akbar Rahmat , Hakim Dimas Al , Putra I Putu Aris Udiana
Published: April 2022

Land is one of the wealth guaranteed by the State of Indonesia for the prosperity of its people. The Country of Indonesia is a legal state in accordance with article 1 paragraph 3 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 which indicates that all actions taken by the authorities and the public must be based on the applicable law. Likewise in the field of land, that all actions taken by both the ruler and the public must always be based on the prevailing law which is the provisions of the prevailing laws and regulations. The purpose of this research is to analyze the legal requirements of the transfer of property rights to land and to know the function of the deed of sale and sale in its relationship in the transfer of property rights to land. This type of research is normative juridical research. The problem approach used to examine this issue is the approach of legislation. Legal materials used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The method of analysis of legal materials is to use the technique of inventorying and classifying legal materials and to answer the problem of this research using the principle of preference where to point to the law which takes precedence. The results of the discussion show that for the valid terms of sale and purchase of property on land must meet the provisions in the Civil Law and Agrarian Principal Law which is further regulated in Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 on Land Registration. The legal consequence of the transfer of property rights to land according to the Basic Agrarian Law is that the authority of the old land owner is automatically lost and transferred to the buyer, due to the dualism of regulations regarding the sale and purchase of land rights, namely in accordance with the provisions of the Civil Code and according to the provisions of the Law In the Basic Agrarian Law, the principle of preference is used here, namely more specific provisions overriding more general provisions. So the provisions in the Basic Agrarian Law override the provisions of the Civil Code regarding the sale and purchase of land rights.
THE FUTURE OF LAW FROM THE JURISPRUDENCE PERSPECTIVE FOR EXAMPLE :THE INFLUENCE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY TO LAW, AI LAW
Authors: Gul Rehna , El Nofely Abdallah Mohamed Othman
Published: April 2022

The field of law is as old as the human civilization. In the ancient Holy Scriptures, the laws of humans, God made Laws, laws of nature, cultural laws, trade laws etc. have been discussed around the world. Even in the stone ages humans were following certain principles and laws which were the basis of law. This article touches the historical perspective, present scenario and future of law. Especially the use of technology in law has brought a revolutionary change in recent decades. The computers, cell phones, social media, internet as a whole, Google play store applications, laptops, i pods and various other devices have made significant changes in old practices and present-day practices in the field of law. Hence, the research aim is a consideration material in making future laws about AI in order to protect Artificial Intelligence users around the world. The research methods and techniques have been made simple. This is a fast world in which we are living. No one has time for anything in this era. With the use of technology many time-consuming activities can be performed in minutes and seconds in this era. We are heading in a direction of more human friendly and time saving environment. Although humans in different parts of the world have different cultures, norms, ethics, eating habits, religions, physical appearances and opinions but there are certain norms and international practices which are widely accepted around the world.
ARRANGEMENT OF THE BATUR UNESCO GLOBAL GEOPARK TOURISM AREA BANGLI REGENCY
Authors: Soares Cesaltina Angela , Suryawan I Gusti Bagus , Senastri Ni Made Jaya , Sutama I Nyoman
Published: April 2022

Prior to the 1990s, there was no agency that managed Batur tourism objects and resources. In 2017 a tourism area management body was formed, but at that time its authority was limited to the imposition of levies for tourists visiting the Geopark tourism area. It is not clear which agency has the authority to organize tourism areas, so a problem arises: The agency authorized to organize tourism areas and the factors that affect the arrangement of tourism areas. This research aims as evaluation materials in arrangement the Batur Unesco Global Geopark Tourism Area in Bangli Regency The research method used is empirical legal research. The analysis techniques that will be used are Legal-Content Analysis and Futuristic Analysis. This legal research aims to analyze the problem, namely the agency authorized to organize the Batur UNESCO Global Geopark tourism area in Bangli Regency. The authority of the management body is limited only in collecting fees, whereas for a significant increase, the authority of the agency is not only to collect tourist fees, but also to organize the area to increase its tourist attractiveness. The results of the discussion of the regulation of the authority for structuring tourism areas are the Bali KSDA and the Bangli Regional Government, as well as the not yet implemented regional arrangement based on natural preservation, community empowerment, and environmental economic progress. Meanwhile, the conclusions and suggestions are that the Management Agency has not yet been authorized to organize tourism areas. Factors that influence the structuring of the tourism area are the substance of the Bangli regional regulation, concerning households, local law enforcers, and the legal culture of the local community. Suggestions that the tourism area management body should be changed to Perumda. Law enforcement must have synergy between the Bangli Regional Government and the Bali BKSDA.
RESPONSIBILITY OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ON IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPANY WHEN CONFLICT WITH COMMISSIONERS
Authors: Dharsana I Made Pria , Indrasari Kresnadjaja  , I Gusti Agung Jordi  , I Putu Lingga Dhananjaya
Published: April 2022

Limited Liability Company hereinafter referred to as Company is a legal entity which is a capital partnership. It is established based on an agreement to conduct a business activities with authorized capital. This is entirely divided into shares or individual legal entities which all meet the criteria for Micro and meet the requirements set out in The Law on Limited Liability Companies and its implementing regulations (Law Number 11 of 2020 regarding Job Creation) which changes several definitions of Limited Liability Companies as regulated in Law Number 40 of 2007 (hereinafter referred to as UUPT). The research method used in this writing is a normative legal research method which analyzes the problem through an approach to legislation, theory and applicable principles. Talking about the applicable provisions in the important organs of the Limited Liability Company. The Limited Liability Company Organ itself is a Group of Organs consisting of the General Meeting of Shareholders (hereinafter referred to as GMS), the Board of Directors, and the Board of Commissioners. Among the three organs of a limited liability company, the directors have full authority over the company. Based on the provisions  of Article 1 paragraph (5) of the Company Law, “The Board of Directors is an organ of the Company which is authorized and fully responsible for the management of the Company for the benefit of the Company in accordance with the aims and objectives of the Company and represents the Company both inside and outside the court in accordance with the provisions of the articles of association”. Besides that, in a company, the board of directors is the party who has the most important role, both in managing the company, managing it, and advancing it. The Board of Directors is appointed by the GMS, as referred to in Article 94 paragraph (1) of the Company Law, that; “Members of the Board of Directors are appointed by the GMS.” And further paragraph (3) members of the Board of Directors are appointed for a certain period of time and may be reappointed.
THE IMPLICATION OF DENPASAR MAYOR REGULATION NUMBER 36 OF 2018 CONCERNING THE REDUCTION OF THE USE OF PLASTIC BAGS ON THE INVESTMENT CLIMATE IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY SECTOR IN DENPASAR CITY
Authors: Ni Ketut Sari Ardani  , I Ketut Widia  , I Wayan Rideng
Published: April 2022

Tourism is a very complex and mass industry, involving many people from all walks of life and professions. Tourism as the foundation of many people’s lives is very vulnerable to issues, especially the issue of cleanliness and environmental pollution. Plastic waste, one example of which is the disposal of plastic containers by the community has become a global issue that can disrupt the large-scale tourism industry. The piles of rubbish that mount in every refuse disposal site or landfill, are truly heartbreaking, embarrassing, and very disturbing to the beauty and comfort of the community. That’s why the community and the Government of the City of Denpasar took the initiative to save Denpasar City Region in the hope of having an impact on the preservation of the global environment. This journal intends to identify the problem that is the obstacle to the implementation of Denpasar Mayor Regulation Number 36 Year 2018 concerning the Reduction of the Use of Plastic Bags on the investment climate in the tourism industry sector in Denpasar City. The second problem is how the Implementation of Denpasar Mayor Regulation No. 36 of 2018 impacts the investment climate in the tourism industry sector in Denpasar City. The theories used in this study are Legal System theory, Investment Theory and Tourism Theory. The type of research used in this study is the legal research. In this research, the legal research is conducted by giving the education for the community and giving a law enforcement. The conclusion from this research is that the obstacle to the implementation of Denpasar Mayor Regulation No. 36 of 2018 is that the level of understanding and awareness of the legal community need to be improved. While the implication of Denpasar Mayor Regulation No. 36 of 2018 on the tourism industry is very significant, more and more tourists will visit Denpasar city if the environment is free of plastic waste ,and it looks clean, beautiful, and pristine.
LEGAL IDEOLOGY ON SOCIAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: I Dewa Gede Atmadja
Published: April 2022

This research focus on study the synthetic legal ideology and social justice from legal philosophy. On literature there are debatable of legal ideology in legal philosophy, it is about meaning of justice too. According philosophy of natural law, legal ideology is legitimation of virtue people behavior and eternal justice for human being. Opposed to the philosophy of law positivism, there is no place to discuss ideology of justice in science of law, because no criteria and no reference, no argumentation about just or unjust law. Essence of justice is correct applied rule of positive law to settlement dispute, called a procedural justice or legal justice om the contrary to substantive justice. On Marxist philosophy justice is an ideology essence power for socialism community, opponent capitalistic-liberalism philosophy that justice not for all but justice and rule of law is illusion only. Hinduism philosophy there is only moral justice its dharma. The first duty of King to realized dharma, integrated politics, economics, social, and culture in reality high moral standard behavior of human being. It aims realized prosperity for people in the world. Compatible with based of State Philosophy of PANCASILA are legitimation Indonesian system of law, core aim realized “social justice”. Essence distribution all national asset, taxation, regulation of wages for workers welfare, wealth, education, allocation houses and also distribution natural resources for benefit of all people of Indonesian. It regulation equality benefit constitute and accountability our Government. According The 1945 Constitution of The Republic Of Indonesia to reach Indonesian justice and prosperity.
Environment Law-Based Rural Tourism Regulations in Bali
Authors: Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Sugiartha I Nyoman Gede , Dewi A.A. Sagung Laksmi
Published: April 2022

An environmental management made for the purpose of obtaining clean and healthy atmosphere is a human right of every Indonesian citizen as mandated in Article 28H of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Poor environmental management contributes to the deterioration of the quality of the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to increase its protection and management. Managing the environment for the benefit of rural tourism development is the responsibility of community members who are business actors and the government. The function of the government together with business actors and the community in preserving the environment is a function of public services to ensure that every resident obtains a good and healthy environment. Thus, in the event that business actors or the public fail to carry out their obligations and which are not in accordance with the nature of environmental conservation, the government may hold the business actors and the public accountable, who in carrying out their activities, are negligent in preserving the environment, either administratively, civilly or criminally. Likewise, in the event that the government is proven to have taken actions that are not in line with the provisions of the law on environmental protection and management, they can be held legally liable. This study is qualified as empirical legal research, with the application of several types of approaches, such as a field-based approach, a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, a comparative approach, a case approach, and a cultural approach based on local community wisdom.
The results of the study show that environmental management is an effort to carry out responsibilities that are massively difficult, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the environment that is becoming increasingly real. Therefore, in the event that pollution and environmental destruction occur, the perpetrators can be held accountable both in civil law and criminal law. However, in a context like Bali, regulations integrating the values ​​that develop in society in protecting and preserving the environment are an ideal form to protect and manage the environment in a rational way to realize sustainable tourism development.
Shifting Tourism Paradigm in the New Normal Era: Case Study of India and Indonesia
Authors: Gautam Kumar Jha
Published: April 2022

Pandemic such as Covid-19 has exposed the individual country's resiliency plan against such a catastrophic event.  The travel of the Corona Virus from Wuhan, China, has almost been unstoppable by the majority of the nations.  Tourism is one of the sectors worst hit by the pandemic and consequently millions of people and community associated the industry are directly impacted. Now the pandemic has shown a sign of decline, and the industry has moved towards a normalcy, there is a big question how the outlook of the industry would be in a new normal era. The article analyses the spread of the virus and handling of the same by the respective governments and recommends steps for the sustainable industry in the new normal era.
The Right on Land for Foreigner and Foreign Legal Entity Tourism Investasion Perspective, Participation and Nominee Practice Prevention
Authors: IGN. Supartha Djelantik  , I Nyoman Putu Budiartha  , Hartini Saripan
Published: April 2022

Bali is one of the national cultural heritages, which is endlessly praised in various essays and research results, then becomes a reference and promotion as an exotic island that inspires the rise of world tourism. Tourism encourages investment in hospitality, restaurants, transportation, trade, property, the creative economy sector and others. Investment, changing the function of agriculture into hospitality and transforming the work of farmers into services. Major changes in the mind-set of rural farmers to urban services. This change is not accompanied by a significant expansion of public participation, because tourism is concentrated in capital due to legal limitations that favoring on investors. The government is trying to make corrections, through the following steps, namely: (1) through ASEAN economic cooperation, Indonesia-Australia bilateral cooperation (IA-CEPA) and other countries, (2) deregulation in the fields of investment, land by granting usufructuary rights over land; and (3) encourage community participation through agrarian reform. These steps are important means, as a trigger for the awakening of the awareness of the basis of national economic development which Article 33 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, determines that "The economy is organized as a joint effort based on the principle of kinship". The constitution requires collective ownership of a company, mutual benefit. The national economy is designed as a joint effort based on the "family principle", in the form of cooperatives, which put the emphasize on the element of participation rather than the concentration of capital. Article 2 of the Bacis Agrarian Law (BAL) constitutes the implementing regulation of Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, explaining the control of natural resources by the state, namely "Earth and water and the natural resources contained therein are controlled by the state and used for the greatest prosperity of the people Article 33 paragraph (4) The national economy is organized based on a democratic economy based on the principle of togetherness, so conceptually it can be formulated that community participation in provision of Foreigner Housing is a form of empowerment, recognition of community rights in efforts to improve community welfare and as mandates for the implementation of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Articles 42 and 45 of the BAL in granting usufructuary rights to foreigners/ Foreign Legal Entity.
Legal Protection on Data Transmission Through the Digital Short Message Platform
Authors: Evelyn Angelita Pinondang Manurung  , Eka Ayu Purnama Lestari
Published: April 2022

Digital media is currently utilized by the entire community because it has provided its own space digitally for its users to move in terms of communication and various activities. Especially in terms of communication today people prefer digital media / platforms in sending short messages for information or data delivery activities. The ability to send fast, easy and equipped with service features as per the needs of its users becomes an effective choice for the public in using digital short message platforms. The use of digital messaging platforms today also makes people begin to realize the importance of security in data transmission. The high activity of people who send personal data through digital platforms must also be balanced with the level of security and confidentiality of data on the platform. This research aims to find out the legal protection arrangements in the delivery of data through digital messaging platforms so that the wider community understands security and data protection. This research uses normative juridical research methods using the legal sources of literature. The wider community today sees the number of cases of data violations / misuse through digital messaging platforms is clear evidence that personal data is a human right of digital platform users that must be protected. Therefore, it is necessary to have legal tools that can accommodate the form of laws to ensure the security and protection of personal data.
LEXICAL METAPHOR IN THE NOVEL AYAT-AYAT CINTA WRITTEN BY HABIBURRAHMAN EL SHIRAZY: SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTIC STUDY
Authors: Sudarko Yayuk Nuriyani
Published: April 2022

This research reports the result of transitivity investigation of lexical metaphor in the novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta and its relevance to language learning in SMA. The purpose of this study is to describe the transitivity process in the novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta; to describe the kinds of lexical metaphor that existed in the novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta; and to describe the relevance of research finding to language learning in high school. The approach used in this research is qualitative descriptive. Method of data collection is documen which covers the script documentation of the text in the novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta and recording technique. The data analysis was done by applying identification technique with the orientation Systematic Functional Linguistics (LFS). The results of data analysis were presented by using descriptive method comprising description the data anlyzed. The result showed that the presence of metaphor in transitivity in text of the novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta is very supportive for the research. It was found that the number of transitivity processes found is 247 clauses with the division into several processes. The percentage of material process is 19%, mental process 132%, relational process 8.50%, behavioral process 5.26%, verbal process 7.28%, and extential process is 6.47%. Based on the overall classification of process, the most dominant process realized in the novel is mental process (132%). (RELEVANCE OF RESEARCH FINDING TO LANGUAGE LEARNING AT SCHOOLS)
COMPLEX CLAUSES IN THE LEGAL AND CRIMINAL TEXT LOMBOK BST: SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTIC STUDIES
Authors: Hilmiyatun H
Published: April 2022

This paper reports the result of investigation on the use of complex clauses in Legal and Criminal Rubric of Lombok Post media and its relevance to Indonesia language learning at senior high school with the orientation of SFL (Systemic Functional Linguistic) study. The purpose of this study is to describe the use of complex clauses in the Legal and Criminal Rubric of Lombok Post media and its relevance to Indonesian language learning in SMA. Specifically, the types of complex clauses investigated in this research are paratactic and hypotactic complex clauses. The complex clauses were investigated through Systemic Functional Linguistic theory (LFS) exploitation. The investigation was designed by employing qualitative descriptive research method. Data of the research was text obtained from daily newspaper of Lombok Post. The data was collected by exploiting document method. The result showed that there are five logical semantic and taxis relationship within substantial construction of complex clauses in the October-December 2014 Lombok Post, such as elaboration, extension, double, locution, and ideas. Regarding the result of data analysis, it can be said that such texts in Legal and Criminal Rubric of Lombok Post media is transferable to as teaching material of Indonesia language learning with the implementation of 2013 curriculum.
IDEASIONAL FUNCTION TRANSITIVITY IN THE TEXT OF DAQAAIQUL AKHBAR: SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTIC STUDY
Authors: Juramli J
Published: April 2022

This paper reports condition of transitivity system of ideational function realized in the text of Daqaaiqul Akhbar, as a useful form of local cultural text that can nurture creativity of Sasak ethnic group. Investigation in this research was carried out with some focuses as fomulated in the research questions, such as 1) “What is the most dominant type of transitivity system realized in the text of Daqaaiqul Akhbar "Khabar Nature News Hereafter?”; 2) “How is the relevance of the findings with discourse learning in high school?” The purpose of this study was to describe the most dominant type of transitivity system Daqaaiqul Akhbar text and to illustrate the relevance of the findings with discourse learning in senior high school. The investigation was conducted with the application of combination research approach of qualitative and quantitative research approach. Qualitative research approach refers to the basic assumptions as the best effort to gain an understanding of the phenomena. Data of the research was collected with utilization of observation, documentation and record method. The result shows that types of transitivity system found in text of Daqaaiqul Akhbar, which consists of 86 clauses including process items 84 (78.83%), participant 149 items (140.21%), and circumstance 87 items (81.79%). Relevance of the findings with discourse learning in senior high school is, 1) text of Daqaaiqul Akhbar can be a reference that explores the values (value) related learning objectives achievement. Discourse can analyzed based on character in Curriculum 2013, 2). Examination of the text of discourse in high school is not monotonous on the view of structural grammar (conventional) which is still at the traditional level.
DIVORCE CLAIM TEXT AT RELIGIOUS COURT OF PRAYA: SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTIC STUDY
Authors: Wirajayadi Lalu
Published: April 2022

Abstract

This research reports description of modality system and its relevance toward discourse learning at higher education. The approach used in this research was qualitative descriptive with the orientation of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory. The data collection method was documentation and note-taking technique. The data analysis was done by using identification technique. The result of data analysis was presented by using description of phrases and clauses. The finding of the research showed that the system of modality in Divorce Claim text consists of the clauses that are organized as modalization (probability and frequency) 18 (15.51%) and modulation (necessity and tendency) 16 (13.80%) as an effort to strengthen the idea, view, and opinion to convince the judge in deciding a case that would be decided related to the content of the claim that had been submitted.

Keywords: Text, Modality, LFS, Learning
TRANSITIVITY IN WASIAT RENUNGAN MASA PENGALAMAN BARU AND ITS RELEVANCE TO INDONESIAN LANGUAGE LEARNING AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL: SFL APPROACH
Authors: Johari Tontowi
Published: April 2022

Abstract

This research describes the transitivity realized in Wasiat Renungan Masa Pengalaman Baru and its relevance to Indonesian language learning at SMA (Senior High School) according to Systemic Functional Linguistic approach. The research was designed by employing qualitative descriptive research method. The data was collected with the application of documentation method and note-taking technique. The data was analyzed with the use of identification technique, which covers identification on the words, phrases, and clauses based on the classification of realized processes according to SFL perspective. The result of data analysis was presented using description technique by elaborating the analyzed data. The finding showed that among 112 clauses obtained, the dominant type of process was material process by number realization is 100 (49.29%), mental process is 49 grains (22.68%), rational process is 11 gains (5.11%), behavior process is 10 grains (17.60%), existential process is 8 grains (3.70%).

Keywords: Transitivity, Wasiat Renungan Masa Pengalaman Baru, SFL
Chafe’s Semantic Structure Processes Versus Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar Processes
Authors: Khuong Luu Quy , Anh Truc Doan Phan
Published: April 2022

Processes are seen as a language phenomenon involving the participant of various language elements realized by verbals, nominal groups or adverbials. How these elements occur in the processes depends on linguists’ concepts of processes. The paper aims to consider Chafe’s processes and Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar processes to see what similarities and differences are. The study was conducted with qualitative methods in order to analyse materials and analyse the data collected. The data include samples extracted from four literary works in English which are The Man of Property, The Old Man and the Sea, the Call of the Wild and the Moon and Sixpence. The findings can point out some differences and similarities of processes by Chafe and Halliday. At the same time, the results will help those who pay much attention to this language phenomenon have a deeper understanding in order to equip themselves with background knowledge of language learning and research.
A Functional Analysis Of Transitivity And Attitude Systems Interacting In Student Texts In Spanish
Authors: Ignatieva Natalia
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a systemic functional analysis of three types of processes in academic texts: verbal, mental and relational. It intends to explore how certain process types in Spanish are related to the expression of evaluation in academic texts. Our study draws on Systemic Functional Linguistics and, in particular, on the Appraisal Theory (J. R. Martin & White, 2005), which explores evaluative aspects of the language, here we shall analyze only one of its subsystems, Attitude. The method of this research is counting the number of words and clauses in our corpora and registered the frequency of verbal, mental and relational processes in these clauses. Our analysis is based on student texts collected at the Faculty of Arts, belonging to two disciplines: literature and history, but to only one genre: question-answer. The preliminary results show certain differences between the two corpora: in the literature texts clauses with appraisal prevail and judgment is the preferred means of expressing Attitude, while the history texts prefer clauses without appraisal and appreciation prevails among the subtypes of Attitude.
Readability of the Transactional Texts in Bahasa Inggris Textbook for Grade X
Authors: Sujatna Eva Tuckyta Sari
Published: April 2022

This paper aims are lexical density and grammatical intricacy of the transactional texts in Bahasa Inggris as one of the English textbooks for senior high students (grade X) in Indonesia. The method applied is qualitative research method. The study supported by three methods in determining readability as proposed by Halliday (1985, 1994, 2004), Ure (1971), and a text analyzer adapted from www.usingenglish.com as the website that provided the tool. The data are taken from the textbooks as transactional texts. The texts obtained are six transactional texts. The results of the study have shown several valuable insights. Firstly, the transactional text that has the highest number of words (530 words) containing highest number of sentences could be categorized into the spoken text (lexical density= 26.44) and the level is under Easy Reading Range (Fog Index = 4.23) as described in T6. Secondly, the total unique words in transactional text has relation with hard words, lexical density and Fog Index as described in the T2. Thirdly, the lowest number of words could relate to the unique words and total number of sentences (as seen in T4). To choose the transactional text given as the material in Bahasa Inggris, it is suggested that the writer of the textbooks should be more thoughtful in deciding the transactional texts level chosen since the data shows that the level of the text is various (Fog Index 4.23 as the lowest – 10.25 as the highest) and the average transactional text level is 6.7.
Interpersonal Function in Martin Luther King Jr’s Speech
Authors: Hulu Forisman
Published: April 2022

This research aims was to discover the interpersonal function types and to explores their realization within the speech. This research was conducted by using qualitative research design. The data was taken from the website which are readily accessible to the public. After that, the data is divided into clauses form. Next, the data was analyzed based on Halliday’s theory through many steps of data analysis by Cresswell. The results of data analysis showed that Martin Luther King Jr applied: (1) Speech Function (statement, command, and question); Mood (declarative, imperative and interrogative); Modality (high, median, and low); Tense Shift (present, future, and past) and Personal Pronoun (First Personal Pronoun, Second Personal Pronoun and Third Personal Pronoun). (2) speech function (statement was a most dominant, command was the second dominant and question was less); Mood (declarative was most dominant, imperative was the second dominant and interrogative was less); modality (median was most dominant, high was the second, and low was rare); personal pronoun (we was used frequently) and tense shift (present tense was majority, future was a second place, and past tense was less). So based result above, it was concluded that Martin Luther King Jr gave much infomation. Therefore, this speech was called as an informative speech. Considering the result above, the researcher suggested orator use many pronoun “we” when delivering a speech and the university students learn interpersonal function.
Textual Metafunction in Donald Trump’s Speech “Recognizing Jerusalem as Israel’s Capital”
Authors: Umiyati Mirsa
Published: April 2022

This research aimed to discover the realization of textual metafunction and to discover kinds of mood and theme types dominated in speech since the data itself was Donald Trump’s speech “Recognizing Jerusalem as Israel Capital”. This research employed a qualitative research method and content analysis approach. The data was obtained from the trusted website and the data itself was analyzed by using Halliday’s theory by considering the steps of data analysis proposed by Gay et al. As a result of the analysis, it was discovered that: (1) the realization of textual metafunction in Donald Trump’s speech was applied. 84 clauses found in Donald Trump’s speech, and each clause contained Theme and Rheme which carry the message told the listeners; (2) mood (theme in declarative clauses) were mostly dominated particularly unmarked theme, which had 44 clauses while marked theme 38 clauses. Otherwise, (theme in imperative clauses) were the lowest calculation, it was obtained 2 clauses from the total number of clauses. Meanwhile, (theme in interrogative clauses) was not found, yes or no as well as wh-question; theme types (ideational/topical theme was dominant), it was derived 57 clauses, the second was (textual theme), it was derived 25 clauses and the last was (interpersonal theme), it derived 2 clauses. To sum up, based on textual metafunction perspective, the speaker attempts to get the listeners’ attention to focus on the message of what is being said, and giving many statements to tell the listeners his recognition that Jerusalem as Israel’s capital.
Transitivity Process in Frozen Movie: A Study of Systemic Functional Grammar
Authors: Sihura Meltarina
Published: April 2022

This study aims to discover the transitivity process types in Frozen movie and to discover the dominant types of process used in Frozen movie. This study is conducted by using qualitative descriptive method and using the content analysis approach. The data is classified as documentation since the data were written document which using the transcript of the film. The film was the cartoon movie genre entitled Frozen that was released in 2013. The transcript was downloaded from https://www.raindance.org/scripts/Frozen.pdf. The theory used in this study was the theory proposed by Martin, Matthiessen, and Painter, 1997. In analyzing the data, Gay, Mills, and Airasian, (2012) method was used to analyze the data. As a result of analysis, it was found that the types of transitivity process were available in Frozen movie. Transitivity processes types that were found in this movie were material process, mental process, relational process, verbal process, behavioural process and existential process. Moreover, there are 149 clauses that indicated material process, 148 clauses that indicated mental process, 68 clauses that indicated relational process, 22 clauses that indicated verbal process, 53 clauses that indicated behavioural process, 9 clauses that indicated existential process that was found Frozen movie. Thus, it can be assumed that the dominant types of process found in Frozen movie was material process, the second is mental process, the third is relational process, the fourth is behavioural process, the fifth is verbal process and the last is existential process.
An Analysis of Logical Relations in Academic IELTS Sample Essays
Authors: Nguyen Trung , Nguyen Thi Quynh Hoa
Published: April 2022

The logical structure of clauses indicates the logical connection between experiential events, thus it brings smoothness and coherence to writings. There are two fundamental systems that need to be considered in the analysis of how clauses are related to each other: taxis and logico-semantics (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014). The theoretical framework used to analyse the logical relations of the clauses employed in academic IELTS sample essays on which the present study is based is the Systemic Functional Theory developed by Halliday & Matthiessen (2014). By focusing on the logical manifestations of the clause complex, particularly the study of taxis and logico-semantics, this paper sheds light on the logical relations demonstrated in IELTS sample essays. This study was designed using descriptive, analytic and inductive research method. Data were 60 IELTS academic essays taken from published books and official IELTS websites with band scores ranging from 7.0 to 7.5. The findings indicate that the writers employ more hypotaxis than parataxis to establish logical connections between states of affairs, proving that the IELTS writers tend to support their arguments using some unequal status. The analysis of logico-semantic relation also reveals that the dominant relationship is expansion. It is expected that the study will enable IELTS candidates to take into account the salient logical features of high-quality essays to produce more effective pieces of writing.
Discourse Analysis of Van Dijk on Online News Text of Reynhard Sinaga Case on CNN Indonesia News
Authors: Yulika Candra
Published: April 2022

In early 2020, the world was shocked by the case of Reynhard Sinaga, an Indonesian citizen who had committed a crime that earned him the nickname of the biggest sex predator in British history. This study examines the critical discourse analysis proposed by Van Dijk. The data is taken from online news texts reported by CNN Indonesia with a focus on the Reynhard Sinaga case. The data is taken as many as six news stories with different headlines. The results of the study found that CNN Indonesia in reporting news is informative and factual without taking sides with any party. Five of the six news stories have the same topic. News writing tends to use a deductive pattern, namely from general to specific descriptions.
Multimodal Analysis of “Lemonilo” Instant Noodle Ads
Authors: Utari Pusparini Ni Made Dwi
Published: April 2022

This research discusses the multimodal analysis in the advertisement of Lemonilo Healthy Instant Noodles. Advertising is a promotional medium that has the aim of promoting or introducing a product to a wide audience. Advertisements in print and electronic media are also texts that have a complex meaning. The complexity of meaning occurs because in conveying messages in advertisements not only use language elements but also nonverbal language elements and other visual means. Therefore, to understand the complexity of meaning it is necessary to do multimodal analysis in the advertisement. The multimodal analysis discussed in this paper uses functional systemic linguistic theory (LSF). The multimodal analysis model was developed from a combination of multimodal theory by Anstey & Bull (2010), and multimodal analysis by Kress and Van Leeuwen (1996-2006). From the analysis of the Lemonilo Healthy Instant Noodle advertisement, the results show that the Lemonilo Instant Noodle advertisement has a multimodal semiotic system which includes linguistic, visual, audio, gestural, and spatial elements.
Keywords: Multimodal Research, Advertisement
Alternatives to lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Arkansas Tech University, 1811 N Boulder Ave, Russellville, AR, 72801, USA, Habib A K M Rubaiyat Reza , Butler Karyssa ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Arkansas Tech University, 1811 N Boulder Ave, Russellville, AR, 72801, USA
Published: April 2022

As of 2022, there have been new developments on batteries that use sodium instead of lithium. These batteries are known as sodium-sulfur batteries. They use sodium as the negative electrode and sulfur as the positive electrode to store and discharge the electricity.
Analisis Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Pada Pasien Tuberkulosis di Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Tipe C Noongan
Authors: Tuegeh Florendo F. , Pareta Douglas N. , Tampa’i Randi , Tumbel Silvana L.
Published: April 2022

Tuberkulosis di Indonesia berada diperingkat ketiga setelah India dan Cina, organisasi kesehatan dunia tahun 2018 menyatakan di Indonesia insiden TB mencapai 842.000 kasus. Terapi untuk menggunakan obat terutama ditujukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas atau mempertahankan hidup pasien. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan sempel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling, yaitu dengan mengambil sempel dan karakteristik tertentu pada pasien tuberkulosis di rawat inap. Lokasi Rumah Sakit Tipe C Noongan Waktu : Januari 2018-Maret 2018. Data yang diperoleh dibandingkan dengan standart penggunaan obat yang telah ditetapkan, diantaranya, Permenkes nomor 67 tahun 2016, buku-buku informasi obat dan literatur lain yang mendukung. DRPs yang terjadi yaitu obat tidak tepat sebanyak 2 kasus (40,00%), indikasi yang tidak diobati 1 kasus (20,00%), dosis kurang 1 kasus (20,00%) dan dosis lebih 1 kasus (20,00%).