bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yap Promotes Noncanonical Wnt Signals From Cardiomyocytes for Heart Regeneration
Authors: Liu Shijie , Tang Li , Zhao Xiaolei , Nguyen Bao , Heallen Todd R. , Li Min , Wang Jianxin , Wang Jun , Martin James F.
Published: August 2021

Rationale:

During neonatal heart regeneration, the fibrotic response, which is required to prevent cardiac rupture, resolves via poorly understood mechanisms. Deletion of the Hippo pathway gene
Sav
in adult cardiomyocytes increases Yap activity and promotes cardiac regeneration, partly by inducing fibrosis resolution. Deletion of Yap in neonatal cardiomyocytes leads to increased fibrosis and loss of neonatal heart regeneration, suggesting that Yap inhibits fibrosis by regulating intercellular signaling from cardiomyocytes to cardiac fibroblasts (CFs).

Objective:

We investigated the role of
Wntless
(
Wls
), which is a direct target gene of Yap, in communication between cardiomyocytes and CFs during neonatal heart regeneration.

Methods and Results:

We generated 2 mouse models to delete
Wls
specifically in cardiomyocytes (
Myh6-Cas9
combined with
AAV9-Wls-g
RNAs, and
Myh6

cre-ERT2/+

;
Wls

flox/flox

). Reanalysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed that Wnt ligands are expressed in cardiomyocytes, whereas Wnt receptors are expressed in CFs, suggesting that Wnt signaling is directional from cardiomyocytes to CFs during neonatal heart regeneration.
Wls
deletion in neonatal cardiomyocytes disrupted Wnt signaling, revealed by reduced noncanonical Wnt signaling in non-cardiomyocytes. Four weeks after neonatal heart myocardial infarction, heart function was measured by echocardiography.
Wls
deletion in neonatal cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction impairs neonatal heart regeneration, marked by decreased contractile function and increased fibrosis.
Wls
mutant hearts display CF activation, characterized by increased extracellular matrix secretion, inflammation, and CF proliferation.

Conclusions:

These data indicate that during neonatal heart regeneration, intercellular signaling from cardiomyocytes to CFs occurs via noncanonical Wnt signaling to rebuild cardiac architecture after myocardial infarction.
Effect of Colchicine on Myocardial Injury in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mewton Nathan , Roubille François , Bresson Didier , Prieur Cyril , Bouleti Claire , Bochaton Thomas , Ivanes Fabrice , Dubreuil Olivier , Biere Loïc , Hayek Ahmad , Derimay François , Akodad Mariama , Alos Benjamin , Haider Lamis , El Jonhy Naoual , Daw Rachel , De Bourguignon Charles , Dhelens Carole , Finet Gérard , Bonnefoy-Cudraz Eric , Bidaux Gabriel , Boutitie Florent , Maucort-Boulch Delphine , Croisille Pierre , Rioufol Gilles , Prunier Fabrice , Angoulvant Denis ,   on behalf of the COVERT-MI Study Investigators
Published: August 2021

Background:

Inflammation is a key factor of myocardial damage in reperfused ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. We hypothesized that colchicine, a potent anti-inflammatory agent, may reduce infarct size (IS) and left ventricular (LV) remodeling at the acute phase of ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction.

Methods:

In this double-blind multicenter trial, we randomly assigned patients admitted for a first episode of ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction referred for primary percutaneous coronary intervention to receive oral colchicine (2-mg loading dose followed by 0.5 mg twice a day) or matching placebo from admission to day 5. The primary efficacy outcome was IS determined by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at 5 days. The relative LV end-diastolic volume change at 3 months and IS at 3 months assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging were among the secondary outcomes.

Results:

We enrolled 192 patients, 101 in the colchicine group and 91 in the control group. At 5 days, the gadolinium enhancement–defined IS did not differ between the colchicine and placebo groups with a mean of 26 interquartile range (IQR) [16–44] versus 28.4 IQR [14–40] g of LV mass, respectively (
P
=0.87). At 3 months follow-up, there was no significant difference in LV remodeling between the colchicine and placebo groups with a +2.4% (IQR, –8.3% to 11.1%) versus –1.1% (IQR, –8.0% to 9.9%) change in LV end-diastolic volume (
P
=0.49). Infarct size at 3 months was also not significantly different between the colchicine and placebo groups (17 IQR [10–28] versus 18 IQR [10–27] g of LV mass, respectively;
P
=0.92). The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events during the treatment period was greater with colchicine than with placebo (34% versus 11%, respectively;
P
=0.0002).

Conclusions:

In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial, oral administration of high-dose colchicine at the time of reperfusion and for 5 days did not reduce IS assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03156816.
Distinct Regulation of U-ACE2 and P-ACE2 (Urinary and Plasma Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) in a Japanese General Population
Authors: Furuhashi Masato , Sakai Akiko , Tanaka Marenao , Higashiura Yukimura , Mori Kazuma , Koyama Masayuki , Ohnishi Hirofumi , Saitoh Shigeyuki , Shimamoto Kazuaki
Published: August 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in coronavirus disease 2019 invades the host through ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) 2 as the host cellular receptor for a viral spike protein. ACE2 converts angiotensin II to angiotensin-(1–7) and cleaved ACE2 is detectable in urine and plasma. However, regulation of U-ACE2 (urinary ACE2) and P-ACE2 (plasma ACE2) and their alterations by renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors remain unclear. We simultaneously investigated U-ACE2 and P-ACE2 in 605 Japanese participants (male/female: 280/325, mean age: 65±15 years) in the Tanno-Sobetsu cohort study in 2017. Males had significantly lower U-ACE2 and higher P-ACE2 than did females. There was no significant correlation between U-ACE2 and P-ACE2. P-ACE2 was significantly lower in subjects treated with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors than in those not treated with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, but there was no significant difference in U-ACE2 between the groups. Multivariable regression analyses showed that female sex, high levels of systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and low uric acid level were independent predictors of high U-ACE2 level and that high levels of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and uric acid were independent predictors of high P-ACE2 level. In conclusion, U-ACE2 and P-ACE2 are distinctly regulated and the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors is not an independent predictor of their levels in a Japanese general population. U-ACE2 is associated with high blood pressure, high glucose level, and microalbuminuria, and low urate level, whereas P-ACE2 is associated with liver dysfunction, high glomerular filtration rate, and high urate level.
6β-Hydroxytestosterone Promotes Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension via Enhanced Cytosolic Phospholipase A
2
α Activity
Authors: Singh Purnima , Song Chi Young , Dutta Shubha R. , Pingili Ajeeth , Shin Ji Soo , Gonzalez Frank J. , Bonventre Joseph V. , Malik Kafait U.
Published: August 2021

This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the CYP1B1 (cytochrome P450 1B1)-testosterone metabolite 6β-hydroxytestosterone contributes to angiotensin II-induced hypertension by promoting activation of group IV cPLA
2
α (cytosolic phospholipase A
2
α) and generation of prohypertensive eicosanoids in male mice. Eight-week-old male intact or orchidectomized
cPLA

2

α
+/+
/
Cyp1b1
+/+
and
cPLA

2

α
–/–

/
Cyp1b1
+/+
and intact
cPLA

2

α
+/+
/

Cyp1b1
–/–

mice were infused with angiotensin II (700 ng/kg/min, subcutaneous) for 2 weeks and injected with 6β-hydroxytestosterone (15 μg/g/every third day, intraperitoneal). Systolic blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff and confirmed by radiotelemetry. Angiotensin II-induced increase in systolic blood pressure, cardiac and renal collagen deposition, and reactive oxygen species production were reduced by disruption of the
cPLA

2

α
or
Cyp1b1
genes or by administration of the arachidonic acid metabolism inhibitor 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid to
cPLA

2

α
+/+
/

Cyp1b1
+/+

mice. 6β-hydroxytestosterone treatment restored these effects of angiotensin II in
cPLA

2

α
+/+
/

Cyp1b1
–/–

mice but not in orchidectomized
cPLA

2

α
–/–

/

Cyp1b1
+/+

mice, which were lowered by 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid in
cPLA

2

α
+/+
/

Cyp1b1
–/–

mice. Antagonists of prostaglandin E
2
-EP1/EP3 receptors and thromboxane A
2
-TP receptors decreased the effect of 6β-hydroxytestosterone in restoring the angiotensin II-induced increase in systolic blood pressure, cardiac and renal collagen deposition, and reactive oxygen species production in
cPLA

2

α
+/+
/

Cyp1b1
–/–

mice. These data suggest that 6β-hydroxytestosterone promotes angiotensin II-induced increase in systolic blood pressure and associated pathogenesis via cPLA
2
α activation and generation of eicosanoids, most likely prostaglandin E
2
and thromboxane A
2
that exerts prohypertensive effects by stimulating EP1/EP3 and TP receptors, respectively. Therefore, agents that selectively block these receptors could be useful in treating testosterone exacerbated angiotensin II-induced hypertension and its pathogenesis.
Corticospinal Tract Microstructure Correlates With Beta Oscillatory Activity in the Primary Motor Cortex After Stroke
Authors: Schulz Robert , Bönstrup Marlene , Guder Stephanie , Liu Jingchun , Frey Benedikt , Quandt Fanny , Krawinkel Lutz A. , Cheng Bastian , Thomalla Götz , Gerloff Christian
Published: August 2021

Background and Purpose:

Cortical beta oscillations are reported to serve as robust measures of the integrity of the human motor system. Their alterations after stroke, such as reduced movement-related beta desynchronization in the primary motor cortex, have been repeatedly related to the level of impairment. However, there is only little data whether such measures of brain function might directly relate to structural brain changes after stroke.

Methods:

This multimodal study investigated 18 well-recovered patients with stroke (mean age 65 years, 12 males) by means of task-related EEG and diffusion-weighted structural MRI 3 months after stroke. Beta power at rest and movement-related beta desynchronization was assessed in 3 key motor areas of the ipsilesional hemisphere that are the primary motor cortex (M1), the ventral premotor area and the supplementary motor area. Template trajectories of corticospinal tracts (CST) originating from M1, premotor cortex, and supplementary motor area were used to quantify the microstructural state of CST subcomponents. Linear mixed-effects analyses were used to relate tract-related mean fractional anisotropy to EEG measures.

Results:

In the present cohort, we detected statistically significant reductions in ipsilesional CST fractional anisotropy but no alterations in EEG measures when compared with healthy controls. However, in patients with stroke, there was a significant association between both beta power at rest (
P
=0.002) and movement-related beta desynchronization (
P
=0.003) in M1 and fractional anisotropy of the CST specifically originating from M1. Similar structure-function relationships were neither evident for ventral premotor area and supplementary motor area, particularly with respect to their CST subcomponents originating from premotor cortex and supplementary motor area, in patients with stroke nor in controls.

Conclusions:

These data suggest there might be a link connecting microstructure of the CST originating from M1 pyramidal neurons and beta oscillatory activity, measures which have already been related to motor impairment in patients with stroke by previous reports.
The Dawn of Scientific Biography
Authors: Segre Michael
Published: August 2021

This article endeavors to contribute to a better understanding of the literary contexts of early biographies of scientists written during the Scientific Revolution. To what extent are these biographies influenced by stereotypes that are an inadequate fit for modern history of science? Its claim is that there was, indeed, a literary model for biographies of scientists, and that this model had deep roots in Biblical and classical literature. While the model was similar to that used in Renaissance biographies of artists, it did not fully emerge until as late as the seventeenth century.
Two new species of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) from the Western and Northern Cape Provinces (South Africa) and their position within P. section Hoarea
Authors: MARAIS ELIZABETH M. , LE ROUX ANSO
Published: August 2021

Pelargonium hammansbergense and P. roseopetalum are described as new species. Both are deciduous geophytes with turnip-shaped tubers belonging to P. section Hoarea. These two species share spathulate petals with narrow cuneate claws.  However, they differ in leaf shape, flower colour and markings on the petals. Their flower structure corresponds to that of P. aridicola, P. hirtipetalum, P. pubipetalum, P. reflexipetalum and P. tripalmatum. The seven species are compared with regard to the flower and leaf morphology, palynology and chromosome numbers. They all occur in the winter rainfall region along the west coast of South Africa. The two new species described here are illustrated and a key for the identification of the seven species with a P. aridicola flower type is included.
Begonia tinuyopensis (sect. Petermannia, Begoniaceae), a new species from Zamboanga Del Norte, Philippines
Authors: MAZO KEAN ROE F. , ARIBAL LOWELL G. , BUSTAMANTE RENE ALFRED ANTON , ANG YU PIN
Published: August 2021

Begonia tinuyopensis is described and illustrated as a new species from Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. This new species resembles B. mearnsii by having a decumbent stem, scattered hairs over the entire plant, terminal inflorescence bearing 2 staminate tepals and 5 pistillate tepals. However, Begonia tinuyopensis is distinct by having sparse pilose (vs. matted with long brown hairs) stems, ovate (vs. suborbicular to subreniform) leaves and glabrous (vs. densely pubescent) ovary. We assign B. tinuyopensis as Endangered (EN) following IUCN Red List Criteria.
How Labor Market Institutions Matter for Worker Compensation
Authors: Nunn Ryan , Hunt Jennifer
Published: August 2021

Labor markets deviate substantially from the competitive ideal, and policies and institutions affect workers’ outcomes. Over the last 45 years, the dramatic increase in compensation of high earners and weak or stagnant growth for low and middle earners have shone a spotlight on the ways in which labor market institutions sometimes work to the detriment of lower-paid workers. In this article, we survey several institutions—minimum wages, private sector unions, noncompete agreements, and occupational licensing—considering how they have evolved in ways that affect workers’ outcomes, given that the labor market is characterized by uneven distribution of market gains. We describe the modern labor market as one that substantially features alternative work arrangements and labor market concentration, and we consider the implications of this for public policy. Those policies, along with the surveyed institutions, are the focus of our final section that discusses key options for improving worker outcomes.
Live and let live? Morality in symbolic boundaries across different cultural areas
Authors: Vassenden Anders , Jonvik Merete
Published: August 2021

This article examines morality in taste judgements. In response to Bourdieu’s analysis of France in the 1960s, sociologists note that repertoires of moral evaluation vary across contexts. They typically highlight national variations, like Nordic egalitarianism weakens cultural boundaries, and temporal variations, with transformed values having made cultural hierarchies less defensible. The article investigates a neglected type of moral variation: contrasting cultural areas. In a study of class and culture in Stavanger, Norway, the authors combined oral interviews on taste with photo elicitation in the visual arts, literature and housing/architecture. While interviewees were often careful not to appear disdainful of other people’s tastes, and expressed ambivalence about cultural boundaries, their thoughts on housing/architecture diverged. Here, people did not hesitate to criticise other people’s taste, even to the point of ridiculing their houses. The authors discuss the implications for Lamont’s symbolic boundary perspective, which is predicated on a separation of three types of symbolic boundaries (cultural, socioeconomic, moral). Morality can both weaken and reinforce cultural boundaries, depending on the areas under investigation. In conclusion, the authors suggest ways cultural sociology may conceive of different moral modalities.
Investigating the Association Between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptom Subtypes and Health Anxiety as Impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hassoulas Athanasios , Umla-Runge Katja , Zahid Abeer , Adams Olivia , Green Madeline , Hassoulas Antonia , Panayiotou Eliana
Published: August 2021

Background

Since the COVID-19 outbreak was declared a global pandemic, public health messages have emphasised the importance of frequent handwashing in limiting the transmission of the virus. Whilst crucial in controlling transmission, such messaging may have an adverse effect on individuals with OCD.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted, with a total of 332 participants recruited. Participants who scored above the optimal cut-off score on the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Revised edition (OCI-R) were included in the analysis (n = 254). Scores on the six subscales of the OCI-R were correlated with responses to a COVID-19 Impact measure.

Results

Factor analysis of the COVID-19 Impact measure revealed that items loaded on two components of the measure (handwashing and distress-avoidance). Canonical correlation analyses revealed significant associations between the OCI-R subscales and COVID-19 Impact measure, F (12, 490) = 8.14, p = 0.001, and the SHAI subscales with the COVID-19 Impact Measure, F (4, 498) = 8.18, p = 0.001). Specifically, washing and checking OCI-R subscales correlated with both components of the COVID-19 Impact measure, as did the health anxiety and beliefs SHAI subscales. Content analysis revealed disruption to treatment delivery and worsening symptom severity in participants with contamination-related OCD.

Discussion

Contamination and checking OCD subtypes have been associated with increased hand-washing behaviour and avoidance of distress-inducing cues. Consideration should be given to targeted support tailored to patients with these subtypes of OCD.
“Not My Will But Yours be Done”: The Use of the Mercy Seat in Theodramatic Perspective
Authors: Couchman Adam
Published: August 2021

The “Mercy Seat” performs an important function within Salvation Army worship. It symbolizes the central theological tenet of the immediacy of grace to all. Historically, its function was intended for use by those intending to “receive Christ” for the first time. Over time, its use has broadened to include other intentions whilst simultaneously diminishing in the frequency of its use. This article suggests that when viewed from a theodramatic perspective, the act of praying at the Mercy Seat becomes a contemporary, and improvised, performance of Christ's Gethsemane prayer, “Not my will, but yours be done” (Luke 22:42). The broadening of the understanding of this act to become a deliberately repeated and embodied performance of Jesus’ prayer may help to overcome the loss of use of this symbol. Drawing upon the work of Adrienne von Speyr and Kevin Vanhoozer, this article will demonstrate how the prayer of Christ in Gethsemane is embodied through contemporary, improvised performance of his prayer at the Mercy Seat by Salvationists and those new to the faith alike.
Reimplantation of an Extruding Cochlear Implant
Authors: Shohet Jack A. , Borrelli Michela , Desales Alexis
Published: August 2021

Cochlear implants have successfully improved hearing in severe and profoundly deaf patients in addition to improving their quality of life. Implant extrusion and wound infection of a cochlear implant are one of the most common postoperative complications, although it does not occur frequently (1.5%-5% of cases). 1 , 2 We present a case of an extruding cochlear implant with dehiscence that was successfully reimplanted, a procedure of which there have been few previous reports in the literature.
Opening Up Containment
Authors: Schoot Ignace , Mather Charles
Published: August 2021

Our paper contributes to Science, Technology and Society (STS) scholarship on the practices and technologies of containment. We build on existing work in STS that has analyzed containment as a performative sociotechnical system that generates and sustains new realities, new systems, and new relationships. Our contribution draws from the problem of containment in salmon aquaculture. The stakes for containing salmon are very high. Farmed salmon escapes are environmentally damaging to ecosystems and wild salmon populations, and they put additional pressure on an industry that has a very poor environmental record. We consider in detail Newfoundland and Labrador’s “Code of Containment” that works to keep farmed salmon in cages and prevent them from escaping into the wild. Through our analysis of the Code, we argue that containment is not only about holding inside. It is also about holding together, an obsolete meaning of the term “to contain.” We add to STS scholarship by arguing that containment and its associated Code in Newfoundland holds together a large scale, industrial aquaculture sector that tolerates persistent farmed salmon escapes into the wild from ocean-based cages. We conclude by examining the broader implications of our analysis for STS scholarship on the practices and technologies of containment.
Disinformation after Trump
Authors: Xia Yiping
Published: August 2021

Disinformation research surged in the wake of the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election of Donald J. Trump. This essay reviews three book-length contributions published in 2020 and 2021. In doing so, I try to identify key developments in the field of disinformation research, and to contemplate next steps that may be of specific interest to readers of this journal. First, researchers are increasingly moving beyond a narrow obsession with technology in explaining and addressing disinformation. Second, not all authors reviewed here are convinced of the efficacy of media literacy education and fact-checking. Finally, considering limitations of the books reviewed here, I highlight the need for studies on marginalized communities and the Global South, as well as the potential of an embodied approach that may benefit a number of current perspectives on disinformation.
Correlation between outcomes and tumor size in >7 cm T4 non-small cell lung cancer patients: A tumor size-based comparison study
Authors: Erdoğu Volkan , Çitak Necati , Sezen Celal B , Cansever Levent , Aker Cemal , Onay Selin , Doğru Mustafa V , Saydam Özkan , Bedirhan Mehmet A , Metin Muzaffer
Published: August 2021

Background

We investigated whether all size-based pathological T4N0–N1 non-small cell lung cancer patients with tumors at any size >7 cm had the same outcomes.

Methods

We reviewed non-small cell lung cancer patients with tumors >7 cm who underwent anatomical lung resection between 2010 and 2016. A total of 251 size-based T4N0–N1 patients were divided into two groups based on tumor size. Group S ( n = 192) included patients with tumors of 7.1–9.9 cm and Group L ( n = 59) as tumor size ≥10 cm.

Results

The mean tumor size was 8.83 ± 1.7 cm (Group S: 8.06 ± 0.6 cm, Group L: 11.3 ± 1.6 cm). There were 146 patients with pathological N0 and 105 patients with pathological N1 disease. Mean overall survival and disease-free survival were 64.2 and 51.4 months, respectively. The five-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 51.2% and 43.5% (five-year OS; pT4N0:52.7%, pT4N1:47.9%, DFS; pT4N0:44.3%, pT4N1: 42.3%). No significant differences were observed between T4N0 and T4N1 patients in terms of five-year OS or DFS ( p = 0.325, p = 0.505 respectively). The five-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 52% and 44.6% in Group S, and 48.5% and 38.9% in Group L. No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of five-year overall survival or disease-free survival ( p = 0.699, p = 0.608, respectively).

Conclusions

Above 7 cm, any further increase in tumor size in non-small cell lung cancer patients had no significant effect on survival, confirming it is not necessary to further discriminate among patients with tumors in that size class.
Evaluation of science and mathematics books used for students with visual impairment in inclusive classrooms in Tanzania
Authors: William Francis
Published: August 2021

This study evaluated the adapted science and mathematics books for students with visual impairment in inclusive classrooms in Tanzania secondary schools. It was conducted in 14 regions using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were generated from a sample of 19 heads of school, 103 students, and 77 teachers. The findings of the study show that the books are appropriate for students with visual impairment. However, they lacked enough tactile illustrations and pictures. Further findings revealed that lack of braille knowledge among some teachers limited them from using the books. As such, a few teachers who had braille knowledge had started to use the books while those with limited knowledge did not. Most teachers reported lack of appropriate pedagogy for handling special needs in inclusive classrooms. Therefore, although the books are appropriate, a lot needs to be desired in building teachers’ capacity to use the books. Various inclusive methodological knowledge to teachers needs to be ensured. Furthermore, the books must be improved to include more tactile graphics and pictures to make them more reader-friendly for students with visual impairment. Other educational books, including three-dimensional (3D) models, should be part of the adapted books.
Common and unique structural plasticity after left and right hemisphere stroke
Authors: Chen Yijun , Jiang Yaya , Kong Xiangyu , Zhao Chenxi , Zhong Suyu , Yang Liyuan , Feng Tao , Peng Shaoling , Bi Yanchao , Corbetta Maurizio , Gong Gaolang
Published: August 2021

Strokes to the left and right hemisphere lead to distinctive behavioral profiles. Are left and right hemisphere strokes (LHS and RHS) associated with distinct or common poststroke neuroplasticity patterns? Understanding this issue would reveal hemispheric neuroplasticity mechanisms in response to brain damage. To this end, we investigated poststroke structural changes (2 weeks to 3 months post-onset) using longitudinal MRI data from 69 LHS and 55 RHS patients and 31 demographic-matched healthy control participants. Both LHS and RHS groups showed statistically common plasticity independent of the lesioned hemisphere, including 1) gray matter (GM) expansion in the ipsilesional and contralesional precuneus, and contralesional superior frontal gyrus; 2) GM shrinkage in the ipsilesional medial orbital frontal gyrus and middle cingulate cortex. On the other hand, only RHS patients had significant GM expansion in the ipsilesional medial superior and orbital frontal cortex. Importantly, these common and unique GM changes post-stroke largely overlapped with highly-connected cortical hub regions in healthy individuals. Moreover, they correlated with behavioral recovery, indicating that post-stroke GM volumetric changes in cortical hubs reflect compensatory rather than maladaptive mechanisms. These results highlight the importance of structural neuroplasticity in hub regions of the cortex, along with the hemispheric specificity, for stroke recovery.
Reliabilities of Discrepancy Scores and Supplemental Tables for the WASI–II
Authors: Ryan Joseph J. , Gontkovsky Samuel T.
Published: August 2021

We analyzed data from the WASI–II manual to determine discrepancy score reliabilities of the Verbal Comprehension (VCI) and Perceptual Reasoning (PRI) indexes and the four subtests in the child and adult standardization samples. Reliabilities of the VCI–PRI discrepancy scores range from .78 to .86 for children and .82 to .89 for adults and generally are large enough to justify hypothesis generation. Discrepancy score reliabilities of the subtests range from .64 to .82 and .66 to .84 for children and adults, respectively, and therefore must be considered on a score-by-score basis in formulating hypotheses. Tables are provided to identify significant differences between pairs of subtests and to determine ipsative strengths and weaknesses when each subtest is compared to the mean of four subtests. The use of confidence intervals for the interpretation of discrepancy scores is presented. If additional discrepancy score reliabilities and cut-offs are desired, the necessary formulas are provided.
Doing Anti-Racist Scholarship With Adolescents: Empirical Examples and Lessons Learned
Authors: Kornbluh Mariah , Rogers Leoandra Onnie , Williams Joanna Lee
Published: August 2021

The goal of this two-part special issue is to present and engage theories and methods for pursuing anti-racist developmental science and to provide a critical self-evaluation of the field of adolescent development. The first volume in this series encompasses empirical-focused manuscripts that engage in doing anti-racist scholarship through critical methodological approaches (e.g., QuantCrit, Critical Qualitative Research, and Youth-Participatory Action Research) with opportunities for critical self-reflection for scholars, as well as centering research around adolescents who are systematically marginalized in scholarship within the field of adolescent development. In this introduction, we stress the value of engaging in anti-racist research within the field of developmental science and provide an overview of the articles, placing these manuscripts in conversation with one another and gleaning insights with respect to the who, what, how, and why of anti-racist developmental research with adolescents. This special issue intentionally features manuscripts that embrace plurality in methodology, exhibit an openness to challenging dominant research paradigms (i.e., intentionally rooting out racist ideologies, methods, and theories within the field), and place an introspective spotlight on the process of conducting research. We conclude by offering our collective considerations and points of reflection for pursuing anti-racist research.
Impact of COVID-19 on School Psychology Practices in Canada
Authors: Ritchie Tessa , Rogers Maria , Ford Laurie
Published: August 2021

In March of 2020, COVID-19 forced schools to close across Canada. While school psychologists typically work directly with students, teachers, and families, nearly all services had to be modified to accommodate the new circumstances. The following brief report presents a summary of the survey responses of 214 Canadian school psychology practitioners on their experience of the COVID-19 shutdown. Nearly all respondents indicated their work experiences had significantly changed since the start of the pandemic, notably through decreases in assessments and mental health interventions. Importantly, respondents also indicated significant decreases in their own mental health/well-being as compared to before the pandemic. Implications for professional practice are discussed.
Investigation of the flow energy dissipation law in a centrifugal impeller in pump mode
Authors: Tao Ran , Li Puxi , Yao Zhifeng , Xiao Ruofu
Published: August 2021

Centrifugal impeller is usually designed for water pumping. Fluid get energy from impeller but also lose energy when passing through it. To improve the efficiency and have a better operation stability, it is necessary to understand the flow energy dissipation in centrifugal impeller in pump mode. In this case, a thermodynamic analysis is conducted on a model centrifugal pump unit based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Typical performance curve is found with a positive-slope efficiency curve and a negative-slope head curve. With the decreasing of flow rate, both the impeller head and the flow energy dissipation (FED) will rise up. The FED is found related to the flow regime. The complex undesirable flow pattern induces high FED under off-design conditions especially at very small partial-load. Based on the visualization, FED is found with two main sources including the wall friction and the flow interaction. At over-load and design-load, the wall friction induced FED is dominant. With the decreasing of flow rate, flow interaction induced FED becomes dominant. The typical strong FED sites are found related to the striking, separation, merging and interaction of both smooth flow and vortical flow. The FED analysis will correlate the pump performance estimation and guide the design.
A bio-convective investigation for flow of Casson nanofluid with activation energy applications
Authors: Haq Fazal , Saleem Muzher , Khan M Ijaz , Khan Sami Ullah , Jameel Mohammed , Sun Tian-Chuan
Published: August 2021

Here theoretical analysis of heat, mass and motile microorganisms transfer rates in Casson fluid flow over stretched permeable surface of cylinder is studied. Investigated is carried out in the presence of suspended nanoparticles and self-propelled gyrotactic microorganisms. The effects of buoyancy forces, magnetic field and thermal radiation are considered. The nanoparticles with suitable suspension are stabilized through mutual effects of buoyancy forces and bioconvection. Furthermore, activation energy and Darcy- Forchheimer effects on bio nanofluid flow are accounted. The constitutive theories are executed to develop the model formulation. The obtained model is made dimensionless trough appropriate transformations. The dimensionless flow model is tackled by built-in algorithm of shooting technique. Impact of flow controlling constraints parameters is physically elaborated by making graphical illustrations. The outcomes based on numerical data against essential engineering formulations like surface drag force, Nusselt, density and Sherwood numbers are tabulated. Main outcomes are successfully summarized in terms of closing remarks.
Dr Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd: Can It Be An Indian Pharma’s Bellwether Again?
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Abraham Balaji
Published: August 2021

Dr Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd (DRL) was one of India’s success stories in the pharma space, wherein a founder’s dream turned into a reality. It had a remarkable growth over three decades, with impeccable quality and regulatory standards, as it went on to become the number-two pharma company in India by sales. However, in the last 3 years, DRL was navigating one of the most challenging times it had ever faced for various reasons. Sales were stagnated, profits had plunged, costs had spiralled and manufacturing sites grappled with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issues—and more importantly, its growth strategies were not delivering results. This resulted in value erosion, reduced number of new product approvals, customers doubting the capabilities, competitors doing much better, etc. Also, it questioned whether DRL continued to be the bellwether or not for the Indian pharma fraternity as competitors raced ahead. This case highlights the global and Indian context of the pharma industry, along with details of three main competitors based on secondary data sources, and analyses the ongoing issues in DRL. Finally, it concludes by highlighting the six decision buckets and the way forward to make DRL a bellwether again in the Indian pharma industry.
Ethical Challenges of Nonreading Older Adult Women’s Autonomy in Receiving Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Under Familial Paternalism in Taiwan
Authors: Chao Hsin-Yu , Chen Hsing-Mei , Lin Esther Ching-Lan
Published: August 2021

In the context of familial paternalism in Taiwan, nonreading older adult women (NOAWs) may passively disengage from treatment and submit to the decisions of their families. The purposes of this case study were to examine the ethical conflicts regarding the autonomy of hospitalized NOAWs receiving percutaneous coronary intervention in a cultural environment of familial paternalism and to propose a theoretical framework based on a literature review to resolve the ethical challenges specific to this cultural context. The proposed framework “Nursing advocacy model for engaging NOAWs with their medical treatment” was established on the basis of relational ethics, nursing advocacy, and shared decision making. Our argument does not question traditional Chinese cultural values. Instead, we advocate for NOAWs to engage with their treatment, express their preferences, and communicate with their families in a decision-making process that incorporates mutual respect and understanding within the context of Chinese culture.
An Approach for Humanizing Leadership Education: Building Learning Community & Stakeholder Engagement
Authors: Khilji Shaista E.
Published: August 2021

In recent years, scholars have become critical of mainstream leadership development approaches. In particular, Petriglieri and Petriglieri refer to the dehumanization of leadership, whereby leadership breaks its ties to identity, community, and context.

The purpose of this paper is to present an approach for humanizing leadership using the case example of George Washington University’s Organizational Leadership & Learning (OLL) program. Embedded in the critical leadership studies (CLS) approach, the humanizing principles, and the humanistic leadership paradigm, the OLL program’s leadership learning approach focuses on building a learning community and stakeholder engagement. I describe its pedagogical goals and instructional strategies that help promote a psychologically safe space where learners build trusting relationships, integrate diverse perspectives through respectful dialogues, and develop a sense of the “common good” and culture of equity through issue-centered learning. Using classrooms as “identity spaces” and “leadership learning laboratory” allows learners in the program to practice the co-construction of ideas through mutual influence and interactions. This paper makes a valuable contribution to developing future leadership development programs.
“Shame on You!”: An Autoethnography Poem About Being an Autoethnographer Who Writes Autoethnographic Poems
Authors: Szwabowski Oskar
Published: August 2021

It is a collection of voices and experiences after publishing autoethnographic poems. This is about the struggle with academic subjectivity and old myths about science.
Does Setting Matter? An Exploratory Examination of Victimization Risk Reduction Strategies Among Female College Students Studying Abroad
Authors: Tamborra Tracy L. , Dutton Leila B. , Narchet Fadia M. , Cuevas Carlos A.
Published: August 2021

This exploratory project assessed whether female college students studying abroad engage in more risk reduction strategies (RRSs) when abroad than in their community of origin and whether changes in students' use of RRSs while abroad are related to a variety of factors (e.g., fear of victimization, year of study). Results revealed that students engaged in significantly more RRSs while abroad and that students studying in Africa were more likely to increase their use of RRSs. Seniors engaged in fewer RRSs. Results extend the RRS literature by confirming that the employment of strategies is location dependent and associated with other factors.
New migrant activism: Frame alignment and future protest participation
Authors: Karyotis Georgios , Skleparis Dimitris , Patrikios Stratos
Published: August 2021

New migrant movements increasingly rely on unconventional forms of protest, which they strategically frame in rational terms, rather than as ‘acts of desperation’ that dominate public representations. This article demonstrates this empirically through a prototypical case of new migrant activism, employing discourse analysis to explore the collective framing of a hunger strike involving irregular migrants in Greece, which was, however, contested by other protest users. Drawing on rare and pertinent data collected through face-to-face interviews with hunger strikers, we find that the strategic or rationalist framing of the hunger strike, promoted by its leaders, was largely shared with individual protesters at the basis of the mobilisation, contrary to the publicly proliferated affective frames. Using quantitative methods, we show, for the first time, that the degree of frame alignment is not only important for the legitimacy of a movement but is also a significant predictor of future remobilisation in radical types of protest activity.
Behaviour of simply supported RC skew slabs stiffened with shallow beams
Authors: Sharma Madhu , Singh Harvinder , Kwatra Naveen
Published: August 2021

Skew slab is the most common structural element that finds numerous applications in practice, especially when there is any space constraint that prevents the selection of either square or rectangular slab. Due to its geometry, this type of slab behaves differently in comparison to the rectangular slabs and it is a very time-consuming process to predict the moment field in such type of slabs. It becomes still more complicated when some beam system is used to meet the prescribed serviceability criterion. A set of mathematical expressions is presented in the paper that could be of help to predict the moment field being induced in skew slabs under external loads. The outcome of the proposed expressions is validated experimentally as well as numerically; a good agreement is observed in the results. An illustrative example is also presented in the paper to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed expressions.
“Some days it’s like she has died.” A qualitative exploration of first mothers’ utilisation of artefacts associated with now-adopted children in coping with grief and loss
Authors: Geddes Emma
Published: August 2021

In this article, I take a critical approach to the marginalisation of the grief experienced by first mothers who have experienced the non-consensual adoption of a child in England, in a context within which welfare benefits and services intended to support the most disadvantaged families have been dramatically curtailed. With reference to the concepts of disenfranchised grief and ambiguous loss, and in light of some identified parallels between the death of a child and the loss of a child to adoption, I draw upon literature from the field of bereavement studies in presenting findings arising from semi-structured interviews in which 17 first mothers sorted through artefacts such as toys, clothing and blankets associated with their now-adopted children and reflected upon the meanings that such keepsakes had taken on in their lives after loss. Respondents’ accounts revealed that artefacts were invested with high value, and could operate as vehicles for memories of time spent caring for children. It was found that interacting with artefacts could bring comfort, evoking in mothers sensory memories of the smell and feel of their now-adopted child. Interactions with artefacts were found to hold capacity to affirm respondents’ maternal status, as well as symbolising oppression and injustice, sometimes evoking strong feelings of anger directed towards professionals involved in children’s adoption.
Searching for Intimacy, Searching for Deleuze
Authors: Murray Fiona
Published: August 2021

In this article, the author is in Paris searching for Gilles Deleuze. She wants to become more intimate with him, spending slow time exploring his work. In her search for intimacy with Deleuze, she follows a map that she buys at a bouquiniste, and she chooses to take the roads toward an ontological conception of love, to an intimacy that blurs boundaries between public and private and between love and politics. Through this exploration, she develops an understanding of a diasporic intimacy that leads her further away from the structures of intimacy often found in the Oedipal home, to an intimacy that is more transient but not less significant. She finds that there is intimacy in the passing smile of a child, in the telling of a philosopher’s secret and from the offering of a paw from a stray dog. In these intimate gestures, she finds a strange and productive tenderness capable of redirecting becomings.
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease During SARS-COV-2 Pandemic in Peru
Authors: Custodio Nilton , Castro-Suárez Sheila , Montesinos Rosa , Failoc-Rojas Virgilio E. , Cruz del Castillo Rossana , Herrera-Perez Eder
Published: August 2021

To evaluate neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and their association with cognition and functionality during lockdown of the COVID-19’s first wave. We included 91 patients and caregivers of people with AD from a memory clinic. The RUDAS, M@T, and CDR were administered to patients and NPI/ADCS-ADL to caregivers. Baseline and lockdown measurements scales were analyzed to compare the frequencies at baseline versus lockdown and conditional Odds Ratio (ORc) was calculated for the neuropsychiatric symptoms. During the pandemic, significant increase in the number of cases was observed in depression (23%), agitation (36.8%), aberrant motor activity (12%), sleep disorders (26.3%), and appetite change (12.1%). In worsening of pre-existing symptoms, the most frequent were delusions (75%), followed by sleep disorders (71.7%). Lockdown induces a rapid increase of neuropsychiatric symptoms affecting cognitive symptoms and functionality of Peruvian patients with AD.
“That’s Me I am the Farmer of the Land”: Exploring Identities, Masculinities, and Health Among Male Farmers’ in Ireland
Authors: Hammersley Conor , Richardson Noel , Meredith David , Carroll Paula , McNamara John
Published: August 2021

Compared to other occupational groups, farmers in Ireland experience a disproportionate burden of health problems, which impact farmers’ livelihoods and farming sustainability. Internationally, farmers’ poor health outcomes are associated with intersecting economic, environmental, socio-cultural, and occupation-specific factors linked to changes in agricultural governance. This qualitative study explored the challenges and stressors facing farmers in Ireland and how changes in farming governance have impacted farmers’ identities, masculinities and health. Eleven focus groups ( n = 26 female, n = 35 male, age-range 20s–70s) were conducted with both male farmers ( n = 3 focus groups; n = 13) and key informants ( n = 8 focus groups; n = 48, 22 male, 26 female). Utilizing Thematic Content Analysis, transcripts were coded independently by the first and second author using open and comparative coding techniques, with emerging themes grouped into primary and subthemes. Theme memos and conceptual maps tracked evolving relationships between themes. The analysis identified three broad themes. “Wrestling with challenges to autonomy and control within farming” examines the impact of tighter regulatory frameworks associated with changes to farming governance and unpacks other challenges associated with scale and succession. “Farming masculinities and health” explores how farming masculinities were closely aligned with farming practices and health practices and were framed relationally. “Isolation and the demise of rural communities” considers the impact of reduced social interaction on loneliness among farmers, particularly among more “at risk” single and older farmers. Findings provide unique insights into contemporary challenges and stressors facing farmers and have important implications for informing the design and roll-out of a national farmers’ health training program.