bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a Combined Topical Herbal Cream on the Incidence and
Severity of Striae Gravidarum in Primiparous Women: A Randomized
Clinical Trial
Authors: Alirezaei Somayeh , Yazdanpanah Mohammad Javad , Esmaeili Habibollah , Khadem Nayereh , Zabolinejad Naghmeh , Sadeghi Fatemeh , Roudsari Robab Latifnejad
Published: May 2022

Background:

Striae gravidarum, which occurs in most pregnancies, is unpleasant for
women, and its treatment is costly. A preventive measure for this condition is applying herbal oils to
maintain the skin's elasticity. The current study investigated the effect of a topical combined herbal
cream on the occurrence and severity of striae gravidarum in primiparous women.

Methods:

In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial, 90 primiparous women in their first trimester
of pregnancy, attending healthcare centres in Mashhad, Iran, were randomly allocated into two
groups of herbal cream and placebo, from which 54 completed the study. The intervention group received
0.3 g of the cream, topically, composed of Calendula (Pot marigold), Anthemis nobilis
(Chamomile), Pelargonium Graveolens (Rose Geranium), Theobroma oil (Cocoa Butter) and
Soybean, twice a day for three days a week from 14-16 to 27-30 weeks of gestation and the placebo
group received a moisturizing cream. At the gestational age of 38-40 weeks, the incidence and severity
of striae on the abdominal skin were evaluated using the Atwal numerical scoring system and
digital photography.

Results:

There was a significant difference between the prevalence of striae in the intervention and
placebo group (43.3% vs 87.5%) (P<0.0001). Also, a significant difference was seen between the
two groups in terms of the severity of the striae (P < 0.001). In the intervention group, the severity
of striae in 86.7%, 13.3%, and 0% of the cases was mild, moderate, and severe, respectively, whereas,
in the placebo group, it was occurred as mild, moderate, and severe in 37.5%, 58.3%, and 4.2%
of the cases.

Conclusion:

Considering the effect of topically applied herbal cream, it is recommended that health care
providers suggest pregnant women to use such herbal creams to avoid striae gravidarum development.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:

IRCT20190305042927
Automatic Localization and Identification of Thoracic Diseases from
Chest X-rays with Deep Learning
Authors: Xin Xiaoyan , Zhang Jian , Wang Wei , Zhang Bing , Zhang Shuai , Tang Tianyi , Peng Xin , Zhang Yanqiu , Yang Wen , Li Wenfei
Published: May 2022

Background:

There are numerous difficulties in using deep learning to automatically locate
and identify diseases in chest X-rays (CXR). The most prevailing two are the lack of labeled data of
disease locations and poor model transferability between different datasets. This study aims to tackle
these problems.

Methods:

We built a new form of bounding box dataset and developed a two-stage model for disease
localization and identification of CXRs based on deep learning. The dataset marks anomalous regions
in CXRs but not the corresponding diseases, different from all previous datasets. The advantages of
this design are reduced labor of annotation and fewer possible errors associated with image labeling.
The two-stage model combines the robustness of the region proposal network, feature pyramid network,
and multi-instance learning techniques. We trained and validated our model with the new bounding
box dataset and the CheXpert dataset. Then, we tested its classification and localization performance
on an external dataset, which is the official split test set of ChestX-ray14.

Results:

For classification result, the mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve
(AUC) metrics of our model on the CheXpert validation dataset was 0.912, which was 0.021, superior
to the baseline model. The mean AUC of our model on an external testing set was 0.784, whereas the
state-of-the-art model got 0.773. The localization results showed comparable performance to the stateof-
the-art models.

Conclusion:

Our model exhibits a good transferability between datasets. The new bounding box dataset
is proven to be useful and shows an alternative technique for compiling disease localization datasets.
Bartter-like Syndrome Induced By Tacrolimus in a Renal Transplanted
Boy: A Case Report
Authors: Dias Raphael Figuiredo , da Costa Monteiro Mateus , Silva Renata Aguiar Menezes , Diniz Mirella Monique Lana , Simões e Silva Ana Cristina
Published: May 2022

Background:

Losing-salt tubulopathies, such as Bartter syndrome, are rare and usually
inherited due to mutations of tubular reabsorption channels of the nephrons. Despite its scarcity,
some cases of acquired losing-salt tubulopathies have been described. In this case report, we discuss
the main aspects of Bartter syndrome and present a rare pediatric case of probable tacrolimusinduced
Bartter-like syndrome in a renal transplanted boy.

Case Presentation:

A ten-year-old male patient with end-stage renal disease due to endo and extra
capillary glomerulonephritis was submitted to renal transplantation from a deceased donor. The
post-operatory evolution was satisfactory with normalization of serum creatinine levels, mild hypertension,
and the absence of metabolic disorders. The immunosuppression protocol included tacrolimus
(0.3 mg/kg/day), mycophenolate (455 mg/m2/day) and prednisone (0.5 mg/kg/day). Two
months later, the patient was hospitalized due to vomiting, dehydration, intense hypokalemia (1.3
mEq/L), hyponatremia (125 mEq/L), and hypochloremia (84 mmol/L). During hospitalization, he
evolved with polydipsia (3000 mL/day) and polyuria (120-160 mL/m2/h) associated with major elevation
of urinary potassium excretion, hypercalciuria, mild metabolic alkalosis, hyperfiltration,
and proteinuria. The tacrolimus dose was reduced under the suspicion of tubular dysfunction, leading
to a better metabolic profile. However, the patient developed a Banff IIb graft rejection, which
required pulse therapy and elevation of tacrolimus and mycophenolate doses. Recovery of renal
function parameters occurred, but the metabolic disorders worsened following tacrolimus dose elevation.
The patient required chronic potassium, chloride, and sodium replacement.

Conclusion:

After administering immunosuppressive medications, physicians should be aware of
the possibility of Bartter-like or other losing-salt tubulopathies syndromes that can affect metabolic
homeostasis. The suspicion must always be considered in the case of a transplanted patient who
presents dehydration and hydroelectrolytic disorders right after the commencement of nephrotoxic
immunosuppressive drugs, including tacrolimus and cyclosporine.
Design and Performance Analysis of Low Sub-threshold Swing p-Channel
Cylindrical Thin-film Transistors
Authors: Akkili Viswanath G. , Srivastava Viranjay M.
Published: May 2022

Background:

Tin monoxide (SnO) attracts considerable interest for p-channel Cylindrical
Thin Film Transistors (CTFTs) applications due to their merits, including low hole effective mass, Sn s
and O p orbital hybridization at the valance band maxima, and ambipolar nature, among other p-type
oxide semiconductors.

Objective:

This article analyses the influence of channel radius and the impact of dielectric materials
on the performance of SnO-based CTFT devices through 3D numerical simulations.

Methods:

The radius of the active layer in the CTFT was varied in the range from 10 nm to 30 nm, and
it has been observed that an increase in channel radius reduces the switching behavior of the devices.

Results:

The 10 nm thick CTFT exhibited superior results with a lower threshold voltage of 1.5 V and
higher field-effect mobility of 13.12 cm2/V-s over other simulated CTFTs.

Conclusion:

The obtained mobility values are superior to the existing planar TFTs reports. To improve
the device performance further, the CTFTs with various dielectric materials have been simulated and
optimized with high field-effect mobility and low sub-threshold swing values.
Effect of Cellulose Acetate (CA-398-10 NF/ EP) on Osmotically Controlled
Drug Delivery System of Amitriptyline
Authors: Sutar Nikhil , Karwa Preeti
Published: May 2022

Background:

Amitriptyline hydrochloride is a Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA) belonging to BCS class I exhibiting only 30-60% bioavailability and often coupled with poor patient compliance. The primary objective was to develop a formulation with commercial viability and to reduce dosing frequency in order to promote adherence of depressed patients to the treatment regime. The study also focused on reducing the dose of amitriptyline by controlling the release using osmotic technology; thereby reducing the side effects of amitriptyline.

Methods:

Controlled Porosity Osmotic Pump (CPOP) systems eliminate the need for expensive drilling processes and in turn are apt for industrial manufacturing systems where as other osmotic systems have practical limitations. Wet granulation technique was used for the formulation of CPOP tablets of amitriptyline as burst release was observed in directly compressed tablets. Screening of polymers, osmogen and weight gain were performed.

Results:

F6-D3 (3 % Di-butyl phthalate) with lactose as osmogen and HPMC K 35 M as polymer was optimized. The drug release from the optimized formulation was found to be independent of the effect of agitational intensity and pH. To confirm the osmotic release mechanism, the osmotic pressure of the dissolution medium was increased. The drug release decreased markedly due to an increase in osmotic pressure.

Conclusion:

Accelerated Stability studies were carried out in ICH certified stability chambers as per the specifications and were found to be stable. It was evident that osmotic pressure generated within the CPOP tablets along with the controlled formation of pores using Cellulose Acetate (CA-398-10 EP/ NP) was able to control the release of amitriptyline hydrochloride for 24 hours. Thus, the Oral Osmotic Drug Delivery system is a promising technology for product life-cycle strategies.
The Hepatotoxicity of Nigella sativa Oil Linked to the Route of Administration
Authors: Ghareeb Doaa , El-Zeftawy Marwa , Balbaa Mahmoud
Published: May 2022

Background:

Even Nigella sativa oil (NSO) has several pharmacological effects; the route
of administration is critical to obtain the desired activity in which intraperitoneal injection (IP) of oil
recruits macrophages and induces inflammation.

Objective:

The current study aimed to determine the best administration route of NSO in rats either
oral or IP.

Methods:

The components of NSO, routine blood analyses, hepatic oxidative stress and proinflammatory
parameters, and liver histopathological study were evaluated.

Results:

NSO contained 32.14% E,E,Z- 1, 3 , 12- nonadecatriene- 5, 14 diol, 25% thymoquinone (TQ)
and 3.74% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In addition, the rats who received IP injection of NSO
showed an increase in hepatic enzymes, lipid profiles, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers.
This was associated with hepatic up-regulation of the A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM-
17) genes, which are corroborated by a reduction in hepatic tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3
(TIMP-3) concentration. These indications were seen in rats given a small amount of DMSO (NSO
vehicle), indicating that NSO-oral delivery was safer than IP.

Conclusion:

NSO-IP administration promotes the hepatic oxidative stress-inflammation axis; thus,
NSO is a generally safe chemical, especially when administered orally to experimental animals.
Nonindigenous Aquatic Mollusks in Illinois
Authors: Tiemann Jeremy , Stodola Alison , Douglass Sarah , Vinsel Rachel , Cummings Kevin
Published: May 2022

Nonindigenous aquatic species (NAS), some of which are referred to as aquatic invasive species (AIS) or non-native aquatic species, are those aquatic organisms that have become established beyond their native ranges. They often inhabit a variety of habitats and physicochemical conditions, reach high densities, and alter ecosystem function. Understanding the distribution of nonindigenous aquatic species is vital to protecting native biodiversity in invaded ecosystems. A search of museum collections, literature accounts, and field surveys conducted in recent years by biologists from the Illinois Natural History Survey, Illinois Department of Natural Resources, and other agencies revealed 13 nonindigenous aquatic mollusk species reported to occur in Illinois. Ten species (five bivalves and five gastropods) have viable reproducing populations. One species, the Big-eared Radix Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758), is no longer extant in Illinois, and two species, the European Stream Valvata Valvata piscinalis (Müller, 1774) and European Fingernail Clam Sphaerium corneum (Linnaeus, 1758), have an unknown status. Some species, such as the Basket Clam Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774), Zebra Mussel Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771), and Chinese Mysterysnail Cipangopaludina chinensis (Gray in Griffith and Pidgeon, 1833), are widespread and abundant. However, other species like the Mottled Fingernail Clam Eupera cubensis (Prime, 1865) and New Zealand Mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1843) are currently restricted to a particular location or drainage. Other nonindigenous aquatic mollusks with the potential for becoming established in Illinois or border waters are also discussed.
How We Can Reap the Full Benefit of Teleconsultations: Economic Evaluation Combined With a Performance Evaluation Through a Discrete-Event Simulation
Authors: Huguet Marius , Sarazin Marianne , Perrier Lionel , Augusto Vincent
Published: May 2022

Background

In recent years, the rapid development of information and communications technology enabled by innovations in videoconferencing solutions and the emergence of connected medical devices has contributed to expanding the scope of application and expediting the development of telemedicine.

Objective

This study evaluates the use of teleconsultations (TCs) for specialist consultations at hospitals in terms of costs, resource consumption, and patient travel time. The key feature of our evaluation framework is the combination of an economic evaluation through a cost analysis and a performance evaluation through a discrete-event simulation (DES) approach.

Methods

Three data sets were used to obtain detailed information on the characteristics of patients, characteristics of patients’ residential locations, and usage of telehealth stations. A total of 532 patients who received at least one TC and 18,559 patients who received solely physical consultations (CSs) were included in the initial sample. The TC patients were recruited during a 7-month period (ie, 2020 data) versus 19 months for the CS patients (ie, 2019 and 2020 data). A propensity score matching procedure was applied in the economic evaluation. To identify the best scenarios for reaping the full benefits of TCs, various scenarios depicting different population types and deployment strategies were explored in the DES model. Associated break-even levels were calculated.

Results

The results of the cost evaluation reveal a higher cost for the TC group, mainly induced by higher volumes of (tele)consultations per patient and the substantial initial investment required for TC equipment. On average, the total cost per patient over 298 days of follow-up was €356.37 (US $392) per TC patient and €305.18 (US $336) per CS patient. However, the incremental cost of TCs was not statistically significant: €356.37 – €305.18 = €51.19 or US $392 – US $336 = US $56 (95% CI –35.99 to 114.25; P=.18). Sensitivity analysis suggested heterogeneous economic profitability levels within subpopulations and based on the intensity of use of TC solutions. In fact, the DES model results show that TCs could be a cost-saving strategy in some cases, depending on population characteristics, the amortization speed of telehealth equipment, and the locations of telehealth stations.

Conclusions

The use of TCs has the potential to lead to a major organizational change in the health care system in the near future. Nevertheless, TC performance is strongly related to the context and deployment strategy involved.
The Effects of Scheduled Smoking Reduction and Precessation Nicotine Replacement Therapy on Smoking Cessation: Randomized Controlled Trial With Compliance (Preprint)
Authors: Cinciripini Paul M , Minnix Jennifer A , Robinson Jason D , Kypriotakis George , Cui Yong , Blalock Janice A , Lam Cho Y , Wetter David W
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Smoking remains a major public health problem, and it is important to provide a variety of efficacious and appealing options to encourage smokers to quit smoking. Scheduled smoking is a method of gradual reduction, preparing smokers to quit by systematically reducing cigarette consumption according to a predetermined schedule that increases the time between cigarette consumption. Gradual reduction may be preferred to abrupt quitting, but the efficacy of this cessation approach is unclear.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims, first, to evaluate the overall effectiveness of scheduled smoking alone, or in combination with precessation nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), versus standard NRT starting on the quit date with no prior smoking reduction and, second, to evaluate the impact of schedule compliance on the effectiveness of the intervention.

METHODS

A total of 916 participants recruited from the Houston metropolitan area were randomly assigned to 1 of the following 3 groups: scheduled smoking plus a precessation nicotine patch (n=306, 33.4%), scheduled smoking only with no precessation patch (n=309, 33.7%), and enhanced usual care (n=301, 32.9%) control. The primary abstinence outcomes were carbon monoxide–verified, self-reported, 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 2 and 4 weeks after the quit date. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the intervention effect. Scheduled smoking was implemented using a handheld device for 3 weeks before quitting. This trial was not registered because data collection began before July 1, 2005.

RESULTS

Results for the first aim showed no overall differences in abstinence among the 3 groups in both the unadjusted and adjusted models. However, the results for the second aim showed a clear effect on abstinence by schedule compliance at 2 and 4 weeks and 6 months after quitting (odds ratio [OR] 2.01, 95% CI 1.31-3.07), 4 weeks (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.05-2.38), and 6 months (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.04-2.64), with the differences at 2 and 4 weeks after quitting being the most robust. We also found that scheduled smoking was related to a reduction in nicotine withdrawal, negative affect, and craving when compared with the controls.

CONCLUSIONS

Scheduled smoking, when combined with precessation use of NRT, can result in significantly higher abstinence rates than usual care (abrupt quitting with NRT), particularly in the early postquit phase (2 and 4 weeks after cessation) when smokers are compliant with the procedure. Scheduled smoking also produced a better overall quitting experience by reducing symptoms of nicotine withdrawal and craving, in comparison with usual care, which could encourage future quit attempts. Studies in this area should focus on the use of counseling or other methods to improve adherence.

CLINICALTRIAL
Pharmacogenomic of asthma in children
Authors: Nova Satriyani  , Hartati Mahmuda  , Septiayu D. Hartienah
Published: May 2022

Asthma is an inflammatory airway disease characterized by bronchial hyper-responsiveness, reversible airflow limitation, and respiratory symptoms. Asthma affects 300 million people in developed countries. More than 10% of asthma complaints in children occur at school age. Asthma therapy in children using pharmacological agents is still the main choice until now. However, the response of pediatric patients to asthma treatment varies. In addition to age, organ function, and drug interactions, genetic factors are often associated with drug response variability. This variability can occur due to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in protein-coding genes that play a role in bioavailability and drug response. Understanding of pharmacogenomics as the basis of individualized medicine aims to avoid adverse drug reactions and maximize drug effectiveness. The existence of genetic variation allows the drug response between individuals to be different. Pharmacogenomics provides important information in individual-based medicine so that it can predict the existence of a population that can respond well to certain drugs and a population that has a higher risk of adverse drug reactions. Implementation of individual treatment can optimize treatment in patients because the dose of treatment and therapeutic options have been adjusted based on individual genetic characteristics.
Foot Washing as a Tool Sustaining the Nigerian Church
Authors: Paul Kolawole Oladotun
Published: May 2022

The Church is a popularly known part of the human society. The genesis was from the divine understanding of a few men and women during and after the ascension of Jesus Christ. The Church gradually grew into a great body of people of living faith. The significant impact of the Church in the human society over the years cannot be denied. The factual stance is challenging in the recent time due to the concurrent happenings of ineffectual activities perpetuated by so called ‘Christians’. While this observation is about the Church in general, the periscope of this article is the Nigerian Church. In Acts 11:26, the disciples were referred first to as Christians because the unbelievers could see the Christ-like image. The effectual movement of the Church has often been geared by Church leadership from the time of Jesus Christ. The biblical framework of this paper is John 13:1-17, where the foot washing concept is explored. With the activity of Jesus and His disciples; this paper depicts several applicable lessons for the sustenance of the Nigerian Church. Cardinal among the lessons is the concept of servant leadership, love and fellowship. A clear emphasis is laid on leadership in the Nigerian Church. Jesus gave a redefinition of this integral structure having equality and equity, though with regard to authority. Above all, the acknowledgement of Christ should be re-entrenched in the Nigerian Church, such that, the place of God remained usurped and His glory shared with no man!
Linfadenopatía cervical y supraclavicular ipsilateral a la vacunación de refuerzo con Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19
Authors: Checo Mariana , Brache Vivian
Published: May 2022

La COVID-19 es la enfermedad causada por el nuevo coronavirus conocido como SARS-CoV-2. Para finales del 2020, la FDA de los Estados Unidos aprobó la primera vacuna para su uso de emergencia contra el COVID-19, desarrollada por Pfizer y BioNTech (BNT162b2). Este nuevo tipo de vacuna utiliza ARN mensajero modificado, el cual le da instrucciones al organismo para generar un fragmento de la proteína espiga de la superficie del virus, y que por sí sola desencadena una respuesta inmunitaria que ayuda a proteger el organismo contra una infección por COVID-19. Dentro de los eventos adversos menos comunes reportados en los estudios clínicos iniciales está la linfadenopatía (0.3 %).

Objetivo: reportar el caso de paciente masculino que acude a evaluación sonográfica por preocupación de nódulo palpable en región supraclavicular.

Resultados: a la evaluación sonográfica se observa cadena ganglionar reactiva compatible con una linfadenopatía. Paciente reporta vacunación de refuerzo con la vacuna Pfizer 8 días antes de la evaluación, subsecuente a dos vacunas Coronavac, corroborando de que se trata de una linfadenopatía reactiva, secundaria a una respuesta inmune robusta al refuerzo con la vacuna Pfizer. Se realiza una medición de Anti-SARS-CoV-2 TrimericS IgG cuantitativa a los 15 días del refuerzo con Pfizer, reportando valores elevados de 10,600 BAU/mL. Se orientó al paciente a regresar en una semana para seguimiento ecográfico, el cual evidenció resolución espontánea sin secuelas.

Conclusiones: los hallazgos de adenopatía axilar o supraclavicular unilateral subsecuentes a la vacunación por COVID-19 deben ser informados tanto a médicos como pacientes, como un efecto secundario temporal producto de la respuesta inmunológica post vacuna. Este hallazgo benigno no requiere seguimiento adicional de imágenes y mucho menos de procedimientos invasivos como biopsias, los cuales generan mucha ansiedad al paciente, además de ser muy costosos para los mismos.
Informe de caso de miocardiopatía no compactada en una mujer de 34 años
Authors: Valdez Ingrid , Chea Wasindi , Abreu Nicholas , Miyanowaki Yuichi
Published: May 2022

Introducción: la miocardiopatía no compactada (MCNC) es una miocardiopatía no clasificada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se describe como una enfermedad congénita muy rara, donde se observan trabeculaciones endomiocárdicas que aumentan en número y prominencia. Esta miocardiopatía conlleva un alto riesgo de arritmias malignas, fenómeno tromboembólico y disfunción ventricular izquierda.

Objetivo: reportar el caso de una mujer de 34 años, diagnosticada previamente con obesidad mórbida, que acudió a consulta externa para una evaluación cardiovascular prequirúrgica. El electrocardiograma mostró el ventrículo izquierdo (VI) ligeramente dilatado y llamativa trabeculación del mismo.

Resultados: se confirma el diagnóstico de MCNC a través de una imagen de resonancia magnética. Se autoriza su cirugía y se recomiendan cambios en su estilo de vida y cambio de medicación para riesgos de fallo cardíaco. En el último ecocardiograma, los diámetros del VI muestran mejoría con respecto al primero.

Conclusiones: la presencia de trabeculaciones en el VI debe considerarse un dato clínico de sospecha de MCNC. Se deben realizar más investigaciones sobre las causas de esta miocardiopatía no clasificada para desarrollar mejores formas terapéuticas, sin embargo, ha sido probada la eficacia de los bloqueadores de los receptores de la angiotensina II en el manejo farmacoterapéutico de esta condición.
Importancia del ejercicio físico en las personas con diabetes mellitus
Authors: Navarrete Cabrera Juliette , Carvajal Martínez Francisco , Carvajal Aballe Mónica , Ramos Robledo Alejandro , Rodríguez Carvajal Alejandro
Published: May 2022

Introducción: el ejercicio físico constituye uno de los pilares fundamentales en el tratamiento de las personas con diabetes. Ajustar el régimen terapéutico permite una participación segura y un alto desempeño de la actividad física.

Objetivo: describir los efectos y la importancia del ejercicio físico en las personas con diabetes mellitus.

Método: se realizó una investigación documental, se utilizó como buscador de información científica Google Académico. Se evaluaron libros, artículos de investigación y de revisión de diferentes bases de datos: LILACS, PubMed, SciElo, Cochrane y páginas web, en idioma español, inglés o portugués.

Resultados: en las personas con diabetes se recomiendan los ejercicios físicos aeróbicos, los mismos incrementan la sensibilidad a la insulina influyendo favorablemente sobre el control metabólico; los ejercicios de resistencia también son beneficiosos con el objetivo de mejorar la fuerza muscular. Antes de desarrollar un programa de ejercicios, la persona con diabetes mellitus debe someterse a una evaluación médica detallada. La indicación del tipo de ejercicio, su intensidad y duración debe ser personalizada. El control glucémico antes, durante y después del ejercicio es fundamental. En los niños pequeños fomentar el juego es la mejor manera de garantizar una actividad física placentera.

Conclusiones: el ejercicio físico debe indicarse en las personas con diabetes mellitus por sus múltiples beneficios relacionados con la salud. Su indicación debe ser individualizada.
Cambios en el metabolismo óseo y mineral en pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica sometidos a trasplante renal en el Hospital General Plaza de la Salud durante el período comprendido entre enero 2010–agosto 2018
Authors: Moreno Andreina , Yangüela Adalgisa
Published: May 2022

Introducción: las alteraciones del metabolismo óseo-mineral, son una causa importante de morbilidad en los pacientes con trasplante renal, por lo que el manejo de las complicaciones del paciente trasplantado, a largo plazo, deben de ser seguidas. El estudio intenta demostrar cambios en el metabolismo óseo y mineral en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica sometidos a trasplante renal en el Hospital General Plaza de la Salud durante el período comprendido entre enero 2010 – agosto 2018, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana.

Método: estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal de 131 trasplantes realizados en el Hospital General Plaza de la Salud, evaluando cambios de calcio (Ca), fósforo (P) y hormona paratiroidea (PTH) antes y tres meses post-trasplante.

Resultados: la edad media de los pacientes incluidos fue 43.1 ±13.1 años, 72.51 % pertenecía al sexo masculino, con un tiempo medio en hemodiálisis en meses de 27.0 ± 33.6, 60 % de los trasplantes realizados fueron de donante vivo y un 63 % de los pacientes tenía HTA como comorbilidad. El nivel medio de PTH disminuyó en los primeros 3 meses posteriores al trasplante comparado con el pre-trasplante (779.6 ± 1004.0 vs. 167.9 ± 138.2 pg/ml). El fosfato disminuyó significativamente (4.9 ± 1.6 vs. 3.5 ± 0.8) y el calcio aumentó (9.0 ± 1.2 mg/dl vs. a 9.7± 0.8 mg/dl).

Discusión: los cambios generales en los niveles séricos de Ca, P, PTH, BUN y creatinina desde el momento del TR a los 3 meses post TR, fueron todos significativos.
Hidropesía fetal y enfermedad hemolítica del feto y el recién nacido. Actualización
Authors: Roldan Mariana , Vergaray Daniela
Published: May 2022

Introducción: la enfermedad hemolítica del feto y el recién nacido (EHFRN) consiste en la incompatibilidad presente entre los antígenos eritrocitarios maternos y los fetales, que desencadena en la madre una reacción inmunitaria contra los eritrocitos fetales produciendo su destrucción. La complicación más grave es la hidropesía fetal, la cual consiste en síntomas de origen hemodinámico, derivados de una falla cardíaca por la disminución en el aporte de oxígeno o por la falta de producción de albúmina.

Objetivo: realizar una revisión actualizada de la EHFRN, exponiendo principalmente la hidropesía fetal como una de sus grandes complicaciones.

Metodología: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica desde 2018 hasta 2021 en bases de datos tales como Science Direct, Pubmed y Medline con base en los siguientes términos MeSH: anemia hemolítica, isoinmunización Rh, eritroblastosis fetal, hidropesía fetal.

Conclusión: la EHFRN es una causa frecuente de enfermedad hemolítica grave en estos pacientes, pero gracias a la Inmunoglubulina G anti-D se ha logrado prevenir la mayoría de casos de incompatibilidad Rh. Sin embargo, la hidropesía fetal presenta una alta mortalidad, lo cual hace importante promover un diagnóstico oportuno y el uso de profilaxis.
Prevalencia de síndrome de ovario poliquístico en pacientes que acudieron a una consulta de ginecología-obstetricia y endocrinología en La Romana, República Dominicana, durante el período enero 2019-enero 2020
Authors: Román Poueriet José A. , Román Cristal , Alemán Manuel , Concepción Alan , Peñalba Elina , Pimentel Mariela
Published: May 2022

Introducción: el síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP) es un trastorno endocrino metabólico altamente dominante, el cual es considerado como una de las afecciones más comunes en las mujeres, tanto adolescentes como adultas durante su etapa fértil. Presenta una prevalencia de aproximadamente un 21 % a nivel global.

Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de ovario poliquístico en pacientes que acudieron a una consulta de ginecología-obstetricia y endocrinología en la Romana, República Dominicana.

Metodología: estudio observacional, retrospectivo, analítico y de corte transversal en el que se analizaron 252 récords médicos de distintas pacientes con y sin SOP para determinar la prevalencia de esta. Como herramienta de estudio se utilizó un formulario creado por el asesor y colaboradores, que se aplicó a los récords médicos empleando los criterios de Rotterdam como determinantes para el diagnóstico del SOP.

Resultados: los resultados mostraron que un 67 % de las mujeres no presentaron SOP, correspondiendo a 170 pacientes, mientras que las 82 pacientes restantes presentaron SOP, representando un 33 %. Asimismo, el grupo etario con mayor frecuencia de SOP correspondió al rango de 26 a 35 años con un 52.4 %. Por otra parte, se presentaron más pacientes con SOP no obesas con un 71 %. Con relación a la presencia de ciclos menstruales regulares e irregulares, las pacientes irregulares con SOP indicaron un 47.6 % y las pacientes regulares sin SOP indicaron un 16.7 %, resultando que se acepta la hipótesis nula.

Conclusiones: la prevalencia de síndrome de ovario poliquístico fue de un 33 %. El rango de edad más frecuente fue de 26 a 35 años. Predominó la presencia de pacientes con SOP no obesas. La comparación de las pacientes con ciclos menstruales irregulares fue mayor para aquellas que padecen SOP.
HALK TÜRKÜLERİNİN SİSTEMATİK OLARAK PİYANO EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILMASI
Authors: TOPTAŞ Barış
Published: May 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, lisans düzeyinde piyano eğitimi gören öğrencilere yönelik piyano için yazılmış özgün makamsal etütlerin, öğrencilerin piyano için düzenlenmiş türküleri çalma becerilerinin geliştirilmesindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu nedenle araştırmada gerçek deneme modellerinden öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu model kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya literatür taraması ile başlanmıştır. Uzmanların görüşleri doğrultusunda Türk Halk Müziği repertuarından seçilen üç türkü lisans öğrencilerinin teknik seviyelerine uygun olarak düzenlenmiştir. Daha sonra bu üç türkünün makamına yönelik üç özgün makamsal etüt geliştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın deneysel evresinde akademik piyano başarı notları esas alınarak birbirine denk deney (12 öğrenci) ve kontrol (12 Öğrenci) grupları oluşturulmuştur. Deneysel çalışmanın ilk aşamasında öğrencilerin üç türküye ilişkin yarım saatlik deşifre performanslarının video kayıtları (Öntest) alınmıştır ve üç uzmana değerlendirilmek üzere videolar verilmiştir. İkinci aşamada, deney ve kontrol grupları farklı eğitim yöntemleri ile 8 hafta boyunca çalıştırılmıştır. Üçüncü ve son aşamada ise tüm grup öğrencilerinin türküyü çalma performansları tekrar video kaydına (Sontest) alınıp üç uzmana verilmiştir. Daha sonra üç uzman tarafından öğrencilerin performansları için verilen puanlar ile elde edilen verilerin analizi için SPSS 17.0 paket programı kullanılmış; sonuçların elde edilmesi aşamasında Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda hazırlanan makamsal etütler ile çalışan deney grubu öğrencilerinin kontrol grubu öğrencilerinden, türküyü çalma becerisi açısından daha başarılı oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
SILVER NANOPARTICLES IN MEDICINE
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Rzheussky S.E.
Published: May 2022

When writing this review, published data on the history of use, mechanism of action and the effectiveness of application of silver nanoparticles and preparations based on them in clinical practice were summarized and compared. This metal has been used in medical practice since ancient times, but statistical data on its effectiveness were obtained only at the end of the 19th century. Since then, it has become widely spread in the form of colloidal solutions, salts, and, in recent decades, nanoparticles. The interest to silver preparations is especially pronounced in connection with the spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Ions and nanoparticles attach to their cell wall, disrupt its functioning, destroy it, penetrate into the cell, where they bind to phosphorus and sulfur-containing molecules. Possessing such a non-specific mechanism of action, silver nanoparticles have a wide spectrum of antimicrobial and antifungal activity. According to the materials of the Cochrane Library, it can be concluded that silver nanoparticles possess clinically proven efficacy when used in surgery, dentistry, for manufacturing medical products that are used in surgery or transplantology.
FISH OIL PREVENTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTERIAL HYPOTENSION IN RATS WITH POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Kuzhel O.P.
Published: May 2022

Objectives. To evaluate the nature and mechanisms of the protective effect of fish oil (FO) on systemic hemodynamics in rats with an experimental analogue of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Material and methods. The studies were carried out on 50 outbred white male rats weighing 210-240 g, divided into groups: «Control», «PTSD», «FO», «FO+PTSD». An analogue of PTSD was reproduced by rats contacting with cat feces for 10 days for 15 minutes daily. Fish oil was administered intragastrically in doses of 0.2 ml (100 mg/kg body weight of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids, CJSC «Biosola», Lithuania) 3 days before modelling PTSD and during 10 days of stressor action. After 2 weeks, systolic, diastolic, mean arterial blood pressure (SBP, DBP, MAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured by a non-invasive method. The concentration of endothelial NO-synthase (eNOS), inducible NO-synthase (iNOS), corticosterone, C-reactive protein (C-RP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was determined in blood serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); spectrophotometric method was used to determine the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), diene conjugates (DC), as well as the activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results. In animals with PTSD, there was a decrease in SBP, DBP and MAP by 18-23% and an increase in heart rate by 20%. The concentration of eNOS in the blood of rats with PTSD decreased by 28%, and iNOS increased 2.28 times, along with 3.3 and 3.6 times increase in the content of DC and MDA against the background of the decreased SOD activity by 27%, CAT by 59% and 1.6 and 3 times increase in the concentration of C-RP and IL-1β, respectively, compared with the control. The introduction of FO either prevented or significantly limited the severity of the detected changes. Conclusions. The introduction of fish oil to rats prevents the development of arterial hypotension, as well as the changes in the concentration of eNOS and iNOS, it also prevents the disruption of the prooxidant-antioxidant status of blood serum, and reduces the severity of systemic inflammation in animals with PTSD.
THE SYSTEM OF INDICATORS AND INDICES OF FOREIGN CITIZENS’ CONFIDENCE IN THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF BELARUSIAN DOCTORS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF GRODNO REGION)
Authors:   Multidisciplinary medical organization «LODE», Gavrilik A.A.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. To solve the problem of assessing the current state of foreign citizens’ trust in the professional activities of Belarusian doctors, it is proposed to use the index of confidence in Belarusian doctors, determined on the basis of the indices of generalized trust in Belarusian doctors (three types), the values of which are calculated based on the values of two indicators: the indicator of generalized trust and the indicator of the measure of personal trust. Objectives.To introduce a new method of assessing the trust in Belarusian doctors among foreign patients. Material and methods. Using the principles of sociology of medicine, an approach has been developed to mathematically assess the level of trust of foreign consumers of medical services in Belarusian doctors, the system was introduced in 2021 into the work of a number of healthcare organizations in Grodno region (healthcare institution «Grodno University Clinic», healthcare institution «Grodno City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care», healthcare institution «Ostrovets Central District Clinical Hospital»). The sample consisted of 297 English-speaking foreigners: 184 (61.95%) women and 113 (38.05%) men. Every third foreigner - 34.24% of women {27.77; 41.35}% and 30.97% of men {23.19;40.01}% - had already an experience of receiving medical care in countries other than Belarus and the country of their residence. The Microsoft Excel 2010 program, the Statistica 10 software package, serial number AXAR207F394425FA-Q were used to process and present the results. Results. The method includes a sociological survey followed by the calculation of the index of trust in Belarusian doctors, determined on the basis of generalized trust indices (three types). The indices of generalized trust in three characteristics - experience, professionalism, ethics - differ, trust in the professionalism of Belarusian doctors prevails (p<0.01), the general index of trust of foreign citizens in the professional activities of Belarusian doctors makes up 40.4%, which corresponds to the average level of trust. Conclusions. The results indicate a sufficient level of trust in Belarusian doctors on the part of foreign patients. Vectors for increasing trust are represented by the aspects of expanding the experience of doctors working with English-speaking patients and issues of ethics and communication in healthcare.
ON THE QUESTION OF COMMUNICATIVE POSITIONS IN COMMUNICATION OF VSMU MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Tserkovsky A.L. , Gapova O.I. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Skorikova E.A. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Petrovich S.A. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University
Published: May 2022

Objectives.To study the communicative positions (CP) in the communication of medical faculty students of VSMU and to analyze their dynamic features. Material and methods.The study involved 532 students of the medical faculty. The 2nd-year students numbered 386 people (117 boys and 269 girls); the 6th-year students were represented by 146 persons (33 boys and 113 girls).The study of communicative positions in communication was carried out using the methodology of E.I. Rogov «Transactional analysis of communication». Results.The students showed a higher representation of a child’s («dependent») position among the 2nd-year medical students, the dominance of an adult’s position among the 6th-year medical students, the lowest representation of the parental position in the total sample, a more pronounced dynamic increase in the «adult - child - parent» (ACP) formula and a decrease in the «adult - parent - child » (APC) formula in girls compared to young men. Conclusions.The identified general and gender features of CP in communication indicate that the information and educational environment created at VSMU on the whole has a beneficial effect on the formation of communication skills of future doctors, which is manifested in the flexible choice of CP in communication, adequate to the requirements of the educational process by the medical faculty students.The results of the study can be used in the educational process of VSMU, the activities of the socio-pedagogical and psychological services, the work of academic group tutors.
Determinantes sociais e mortalidade por tuberculose no Brasil: estudo de revisão
Authors: Delpino Felipe Mendes , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre , Nunes Bruno Pereira
Published: May 2022

A tuberculose é uma doença bacteriana infecciosa que afeta os pulmões, sendo a principal causa de morte por um único agente de doença infecciosa no mundo. Alguns estudos encontraram associação entre os determinantes sociais da saúde e a ocorrência de tuberculose. No entanto, não há relatos de revisões que tenham avaliado a relação entre os determinantes sociais da saúde e a mortalidade por tuberculose na população brasileira. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever os principais determinantes sociais que estão relacionados com a mortalidade por tuberculose na população brasileira. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa, realizada nas bases de dados do Medline, Lilacs, Scielo e Web of Science. Interações medicamentosas indesejáveis, dificuldade de o idoso relatar os sintomas da doença, abandono do tratamento e desigualdades no acesso aos sistemas de saúde são algumas causas relacionadas aos determinantes sociais e à mortalidade por tuberculose. Nossos achados mostraram que idade avançada, coinfecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e por tuberculose, baixa renda e baixa escolaridade foram os determinantes sociais mais relacionados à mortalidade por tuberculose no Brasil. Políticas públicas devem ser direcionadas aos indivíduos mais vulneráveis à tuberculose e aos riscos de óbito provocados pela doença.
Acceso al suelo durante la posconvertibilidad: un análisis sobre las políticas públicas en San Carlos de Bariloche (2003-2015)
Authors: Guevara Tomás , Marigo Pablo
Published: May 2022

En este artículo se aborda el rol que ha tenido el Estado local, a través de las políticas públicas urbanas, en configuración socio urbana de Bariloche y cuáles han sido las principales estrategias en relación a la problemática de acceso al suelo y la vivienda en la post convertibilidad. Para ello analizamos las principales normativas locales, las políticas de planificación, las herramientas de gestión del suelo y las políticas habitacionales que se han desarrollado. A través de entrevistas, fuentes secundarias y el análisis crítico de la normativa mencionada, se concluye que a pesar de que la ciudad cuenta con una gran cantidad de herramientas de gestión del suelo y que la cuestión habitacional se ha puesto en la agenda pública como consecuencia de la emergencia habitacional oficialmente declarada en distintos años, no se ha logrado abordar de manera estructural la problemática de la producción y circulación de acceso al suelo. La densificación y crecimiento de los barrios populares, los miles de lotes con servicio que no logran ser finalizados y los cientos de viviendas llave en mano que excluyen a los sectores populares son una muestra de ello.
POSSIBILITIES OF USING VIRTUAL TRACES IN CYBERCRIME INVESTIGATIONS
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vershitskaya G.V.
Published: May 2022

The legal and forensic aspects of virtual traces collection and use during cybercrime investigations are considered. Modern practice of investigating and solving cybercrime is analyzed. The problems arising in the course of cybercrime investigation are studied.
INFLUENCE OF ACTS OF HIGHER COURTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE ACTIVITY CONTENT OF STATE CIVIL SERVANTS – EMPLOYEES OF THE COURT APPARATUS
Authors:   Northwest Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Latysheva N.A. , Kolesov E.A. ,   “Tehnologii Prava” Ltd.
Published: May 2022

The impact of the judicial practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the content of the official activities of civil servants - employees of the apparatus of courts of general jurisdiction and arbitration courts is analyzed. As a result of the study, the orienting nature of the acts of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation was recorded, which is expressed in taking into account the legal positions contained in them during the court activities organizational support.