bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P03-159 - Sociodemographic Profile And Mental Health Needs Of Referrals To An Irish Psychiatric Servi A Transcultural Perspective
Authors: Ahmed M. , Dineen B. , O’Brien S. , Carney P.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

This study describes the social, demographic and clinical characteristics of all the new referrals in a mental health catchment area. This study aims to compare Irish and non-Irish service users in terms of their mental health needs and service utilization.

Methods

Case notes were reviewed retrospectively to investigate demographic, clinical and service utilization parameters among new referrals to the psychiatric services in Galway, Ireland over a six-month period.

Results

One hundred and fifty four new referrals, of whom 41 were non-Irish, presented over a sixmonth period. Results showed no difference between Irish and non-Irish patients in terms of sociodemographic variables. Alcohol problems and subsequent need for detoxification and counseling were significantly increased among service users from the new EU accession states with a significant impact on the duration of their hospital stay and the need for intensive psychiatric care.

Conclusions

There is an urgent need for enhanced resources for the delivery of mental healthcare to immigrants. Service utilization and mental health needs are not explained merely by illness-related aspects in immigrant service users. Social and cultural factors have to be recognized in order to prevent disadvantages in psychiatric care.
P03-166 - The Professional Burning Down Syndrome At The Personnel Of Brigades Of Medical First-Aid
Authors: Fedak B.
Published: June 2010

The purpose of the our investigation was a study of fenomenology of the professional burning down syndrome (PBDS) at the personnel of brigades of medical first-aid. The complex dynamic inspection of 800 personnel of ambulances brigades. Was shown the PBDS in 106 persons, included 42 doctors and 64 nurses. All of inspected separated on 3 groups in accordance with the estimation of degree of PBDS. 17 persons (16,04 ± 3,56 %) at which symptoms of burning down were expressed and practically decompensaled entered in the first group. The second group consist with 58 employees of ambulances brigades first-aid (54,72 ± 4,83 %), which the syndrome of burning down of middle degree of expressed was diagnosed at, partly compensated different ways. In the third group entered a 31 employees (29,25 ± 4,42%) by the picture of burning down syndrome unexpressed, «effaced», to a great extent compensated. Complex estimation of the state emotional, cognitive and somatovegetative spheres inspected allowed to select the certain phenomenological variants of PBDS syndrome of the professional burning down. Astheno-subdepressive variant was selected by us for a 21 employee (19,81 ± 3,87%). Somatovegetative variant was marked at 19 inspected (17,92 ± 3,73%). A astheno-hypochondriacal variant was diagnosed for 50 employees (47,17± 4,85%). Astheno-obsessive variant, selected for 13 persons (12,26 ± 3,19%). Hysterical variant -7 persons (6,60 ± 2,41%). On the basis of results the complex psychocorrection programme was worked aut and the high efficacy- the 85 % full PBDS compensation was shown.
P03-175 - The Delphi Exercise In Poland (As An Exemple Of All The Within Country Delphi Exercises)
Authors: Kiejna A. , Ciałkowska M. , Piotrowski P. , Adamowski T. , Rymaszewska J.
Published: June 2010

Objective

The Delphi exercies carried out in Poland constituted part of DEMoB.inc project founded by EC and conducted within 10 European countries. Polish part of Delphi exercise fulfils major method's assumptions and aims to define items of long-term psychiatric care in recovery model of treatment.

Methods

Delphi method has not been widely applied in research across Poland. Method is characterized by defined panel of experts (EP), information flow, regular feedback and participants’ anonymity. Delphi has proven prognostic potential in health care, social sciences, new technologies and policy forecasting. However informality of EP selection and limited complex forecasts with multiple factors and downward responses-rate tendencies in following rounds constitute its crucial shortcomings. Criticized basic statistics has been lately overcome by implementation of sophisticated fuzzy logic theory. Three stages Delphi exercise has been carried out in four groups of respondents: service users, carers, advocates and professionals. Wide range of EP representatives has promoted indication of diverse elements of care within partner sites.

Results

Polish mental health care network varies from developed European countries. Out of 11 initially appointed domains only 2 (SPHRandA; SMA) have been underrepresented. Advocates achieved significant consensus in the largest number of items: 23 out of 104 which covered 9 domains whereas professionals in the lowest number: 11 out of 130 which covered only 4 domains. Moreover domains supported with advocates’ opinions fully overlapped with domains pointed by service users. The surprising outcome might be due to diversity of professions in “professional group”, differences in occupational responsibilities and work experience.
P03-186 - Automatic Stereotyping And Prejudice Against People With Mental Illness
Authors: Rüsch N. , Corrigan P.W. , Todd A.R. , Bodenhausen G.V.
Published: June 2010

Background

Similar to members of the public, people with mental illness may exhibit general negative automatic prejudice (e.g., general dislike) against their own group. However, it is unclear whether more specific negative stereotypes (e.g., danger or guilt) are automatically activated among diagnosed individuals and how such automatic stereotyping may be related to self-reported attitudes and emotional reactions.

Methods

We studied automatically activated reactions toward mental illness among 85 people with mental illness and 50 members of the general public using a Lexical Decision Task (LDT) as a measure of automatic stereotyping and a Brief Implicit Association Test (BIAT) as an index of automatic prejudice. Deliberately endorsed attitudes and emotional reactions were assessed by self-report.

Results

In the LDT, but not the BIAT, diagnosed individuals showed less negative automatic reactions toward mental illness than members of the public. Among members of the public, stronger automatic stereotyping in the LDT was associated with more self-reported shame about a potential mental illness and more anger toward stigmatized individuals.

Conclusions

Reduced automatic stereotyping in the diagnosed group suggests that people with mental illness may not entirely internalize negative stereotypes. Automatic prejudice, on the other hand, among stigmatized individuals could reflect dislike of one's ingroup as well as associations with non-stigmatizing negative attributes such as the pain of having a mental illness. Among members of the public, automatic stereotyping may predict negative emotional reactions to people with mental illness.
P03-187 - Biogenetic Models Of Psychopathology, Implicit Guilt, And Mental Illness Stigma
Authors: Rüsch N. , Todd A.R. , Bodenhausen G.V. , Corrigan P.W.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Whereas some research suggests that acknowledgment of biogenetic factors in mental illness could reduce mental illness stigma by diminishing perceived responsibility (Corrigan et al 2003), other research has cautioned that emphasizing biogenetic aspects of mental illness could produce the impression that mental illness is a stable, intrinsic aspect of a person (“genetic essentialism”), increasing the desire for social distance (Phelan 2002).

Methods

We assessed genetic and neurobiological causal attributions about mental illness among 85 people with serious mental illness and 50 members of the public. The perceived responsibility of persons with mental illness for their condition, as well as fear and social distance, were assessed by self-report. Automatic associations between Mental Illness and Guilt and between Self and Guilt were measured by the Brief Implicit Association Test.

Results

Among the general public, endorsement of biogenetic models was associated with less perceived responsibility, but also greater social distance. Among people with mental illness, endorsement of genetic models had only negative correlates: greater explicit fear and stronger implicit self-guilt associations.

Conclusions

Genetic models may have unexpected negative consequences for implicit self-concept and explicit attitudes of people with mental illness. An exclusive focus on biogenetic models may therefore be problematic for clinical practice and anti-stigma initiatives.
P03-188 - Group Therapy Of Adolescents Arrested In A Judicial Institution And With Disorders Related To The Consumption Of Psychoactive Substances
Authors: Santos A. , Salán T.M. , Jacintho A.C.d.Á. , Azevedo R.C.S. ,   Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Study Group
Published: June 2010

Objectives

To describe the experience of group therapy with offender adolescents in an Institution for minor violators (“Fundação CASA”) and who have suffered from mental disorders related to psychoactive substance use.

Methods

“Fundação CASA” is an institution created to shelter minor offenders. In 2008 some were judicially referred for treatment to a University Hospital Psychoactive Substance Outpatients Service. An operative and informative group was formed, since they have not adapted to the already existing adult group. This group met weekly, aimed to prevent relapse and initially planned to last 6 meetings.

Results

Soon there were 4 adolescents who had engaged with the group and requested to increase the number of sessions. Psychodynamic issues emerged during the sessions, which were well evaluated by all participants after 10 weeks, when the group had to be ended due to the completion of sentences of 3 participants. In 2009 only 3 of them were found. The first reported a relapse, but remains abstinent. The second started working as general assistant and remained abstinent. The third continued to consume crack and was arrested by the time he was 18.

Conclusions

This study showed the need for specific treatment for the group of juvenile offenders. Operative and informative groups create a communication space for drug users and other psychotic subjects. It permits group identification and allows the expression of mental suffering. Therefore this practice consists of a low complexity approach in an extremely vulnerable population, which is so prevalent in developing countries such as Brazil.
P03-191 - Fact: A Dutch Version Of Assertive Community Treatment
Authors: van Veldhuizen J.R.
Published: June 2010

Learning objectives

To reflect on theory, implementation, practice and evaluation of FACT: the Dutch version of Assertive Community Treatment.

ACT is an EBM intervention for the 20% most severe mentally ill (SMI) outside the psychiatric hospital. From 2004 we started with a Dutch version: the FACT (Function ACT) model.

FACT teams are multidisciplinary teams serving all SMI outside the psychiatric hospital in a region/area of 50.000 inhabitants. The teams offer two kinds of care:

1)

clinical case managementteam and home care for the stable group and

2)

full ACT for patients in danger of crisis / recurrent psychosis or readmission.

The second group is on a digital whiteboard and is discussed every morning by the team to coordinate shared caseload and assertive outreach.

Interesting is the finding that the first and the second group have a large overlap in time: in 3 years >60% of the patients in the team has been the digital board.

In FACT we bring together care, crisis-intervention, treatment (and metabolic screening), recovery oriented support and care and CBT and IPS. We work in close cooperation with the psychiatric hospitals and sheltered living departments in ‘transmural’ care.

The number of FACT-teams in Holland is rapidly growing (> 80). The model appears to be able to serve all SMI in a certain region with good continuity of care. First findings are positive (very low drop out, more patients in remission, better satisfaction).

Certification started by the Centre for Certification ACT and FACT (see www.ccaf.nl)
P03-197 - Comorbidity Of Anxiety And Depression In Patients Treated For Alcohol Problems In Mental Health Center
Authors: Campos Mangas M.C. , Ruiz Feliu M.A.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Alcoholism is a very common psychiatric problem, with a high morbidity and mortality. Psychiatric diagnoses that most often are associated with alcohol-related disorders include substance abuse, antisocial personality trasrtorno, affective disorders, anxiety and sleep disorders.

Objectives

Our goal is to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in a population of patients in our mental health center.

Methods

To analyze data from a sample of 35 patients treated in mental health centers that meet diagnostic criteria for alcohol dependence according to DSM IV-TR. the study enrollment period was 6 months from January to June 2009. study design is observational, descriptive and transversal. The information was collected by clinical interview.

Results

Comparison with normativesamples reflects that the alcoholics of the sample present more psychopathological symptoms than the normal populatio, but less than the psychiatric population. Furthermore, the severity of the alcoholism is related with the biggest presence and intensity of comorbidity.

The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 75% and anxious symptoms 65%, with variations in distribution by gender.

Conclusions

The prevalence of anxiety and depression measurement in the population to study is greater than in general population. there is needed further research that allow extending the results obteined in this present study.
P03-202 - About A Case: Psychosis Due To Substance Abuse Exacerbated After Admnistration Of Bupropion
Authors: de la Vega D.C. , Lazaro Redondo M. , Arcenegui Calvo A.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Study of the relationship between bupropion and the onset of psychotic symptoms.

Methods

Review of the literature about this subject and review of the patient's history.

Results

Mr D. was a 20 years old patient attended in our psychiatric unit for psychosis due to drug abuse that was exacerbated after the beginning of the treatment with Bupropion.

He showed a depressive episode at the age of 17, being diagnosed of Personality disorder (Cluster B), and he had history of substance abuse including cannabis (habit described as occasional), cocaine (only once in the past) and MDMA (only the 31 December 2008).

The patient recognized an intake of MDMA on the 31 December 2008, after which he showed visual hallucinations and insomnia in the following 48 hours. From the 3TH to 7TH OF January no symptom was observed although he had cannabis in unspecified amounts, appearing abnormal behaviour around January 8TH. On the 11th, his GP prescribed Bupropion at doses up to 150mg/day for smoking cessation, appearing two days later psychotic symptoms that included hallucinations, soliloquies, unmotivated laughter and an exacerbation of behavioral disturbances.

The symptoms disappeared after a week of treatment with antipsychotics.

Conclusions

Bupropion causes inhibition of dopamine reuptake, which would have created, an excess of this neurotransmitter that could explain the appearance of the psychotic symptoms.

We consider it appropriate to include in the contraindications section of this product, the use of bupropion among patients with history of psychotic symptoms in the context of consumption of toxic substances.
P03-215 - Psychological Aspects Of Religious Orientation And Humans Abnormal Behavior
Authors: Homayouni A.
Published: June 2010

Objective

The study is to clarify psychological effects of two kinds of religious orientation (Extrinsic / Intrinsic) on tendency to addiction.

Method

Participants were 80 addicted people that attended in addiction treatment center. Alport's Religious Orientation Scale was administered on participants. Data analyzed with Chi Square formula.

Results

Analysis of data showed that eighty percent of addicted people are extrinsic religious oriented. Also seventy five percent of addicts were less educated and under high school.

Conclusion

Addicted with extrinsic religious orientation apply the religious to access their goals and when they do not access their goals, they disappointed, get anxiety and depression and try to make a defense about the event. The intrinsic religious oriented people tend to religious for developing in personality, life, attitude and cognition and like to reach the optimal goal that is cognition of God and this is a factor that makes hopeful and not disappointing from bad event and not reaching to goals. But in extrinsic religious oriented people, when they do not reach to goals, disappoint soon and want to make defense that one of the defense is addiction.
P03-220 - Personality Disorders And Substance Use Disorders Comorbidity: Focussing On Personality Characteristics
Authors: Mateu-Codina G. , Diaz-Digon L. , Martinez-Riera R. , Morro-Fernandez L. , Merino-Torres A. , Torrens-Melich M.
Published: June 2010

Objective

•

To describe personality characteristics in personality disorders (PDs) patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) comorbidity.

Methods

•

Data on demographic, family, and clinical factors were gathered among subjects admitted to our dual diagnosis unit who met DSM-IV criteria for PDs and had comorbidity with SUDs.

•

To explore the psychometric characteristics we used the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R).

Results

•

Overall, 32 subjects were assessed (72% males; mean age 38,4±7,3). Mean length of admission was 17,6 ± 7,5 days. Suicide attempt/ideation (50%) and behaviour disruption (19%) were main symptoms at admittance. Main drugs were alcohol (59,4%) and cocaine (15,6%); 24% had polydrug dependence (3 or more SUDs).

•

TCI results showed a profile characterized by low self-directness (78,1%), low cooperativeness (46,9%) and high novelty seeking (31,3%).

•

Sedative SUDs group (including alcohol, cannabis, and benzodiacepines SUDs) showed higher scores in asthenia (70,6 ± 2 vs. 57,52 ± 3,2; p=0,002), and locus of control (44,8 ± 4,1 vs. 31,4 ± 32,6; p=0,039) than stimulant SUDs group (including cocaine and amphetamine-like SUDs).

•

Polydrug dependence group had higher scores in spiritual acceptance (63,6 ± 4,2 vs. 49,9 ± 2; p=0,003).

•

The older group (38 thru highest) had higher scores in cooperativeness (44,8 ±3,2 vs. 35,7 ± 3,1; p=0,05) and compassion (47,9 ± 3,7 vs. 36,2 ± 3,8; p=0,03).

Conclusions

•

We found a profile characterized by low scores in self-directness and cooperativeness as seen in previous surveys.

•

The older patients seems attenuate some maladaptative personality characteristics.
P03-221 - Somatosensory Cortices Are Required For The Acquisition But Not Retention Of Morphine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference
Authors: Meng Z. , Liu C. , Hu X. , Ma Y.
Published: June 2010

Background

Sensory system information is thought to play an important role in drug addiction related responses. However, how somatic sensory information participates in the drug related behaviors is still unclear. Many studies demonstrated that drug addiction represents a pathological usurpation of neural mechanisms of learning and memory that normally relate to the pursuit of rewards. Thus, elucidate the role of somatic sensory in drug related learning and memory is of particular importance to understand the neurobiological mechanisms of drug addiction.

Principle findings

In the present study, we investigated the role of somatosensory system in reward-related associative learning using the conditioned place preference model. Lesions were made in somatosensory cortices either before or after conditioning training. We found that lesion of somatosensory cortices before, rather than after morphine conditioning impaired the acquisition of place preference.

Conclusion

These results demonstrate that somatosensory cortices are necessary for the acquisition but not retention of morphine induced place preference.
P03-234 - Cognitive Functions In Buprenorphine Maintained Patients Versus Abstinent Heroin Abusers On Naltrexone Hydrochloride Therapy
Authors: Messinis L. , Andrian V. , Lyros E. , Papathanasiou T. , Panagis G. , Papathanasopoulos P.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Methadone and buprenorphine are among the most widely employed pharmacological treatments currently available for opioid addiction. Cognitive effects of buprenorphine in abstinent heroin abusers are nevertheless far from being understood.

Methods

Neuropsychological performance of 18 buprenorphine-maintained patients (BMP) was evaluated relative to that of 32 currently abstinent heroin abusers on naltrexone hydrochloride therapy (FHAN), and 34 non-drug dependent controls. The three groups were demographically balanced. Clinical groups reported histories of similar patterns of drug use and had increased periods of abstinence from any illicit substance use including heroin.

Results

The BMP group performed poorer than controls on the RAVLT (encoding and delayed recall of verbal information), CTT (conceptual flexibility, executive functions) and the RBANS figure copy (visual perception) and delayed recall of visual information. There were no significant differences in any of the cognitive measures between the BMP and FHAN groups or between the FHAN group and controls. Furthermore, there were no differences in the percentage of abnormal cases between the two patient groups.

Conclusion

Overall, results suggest that treatment with naltrexone in abstinent heroin abusers may result in less impairment of cognitive functions compared to treatment with buprenorphine. These findings are relevant for improved prognosis and treatment strategies in opioid dependence.
P03-237 - Corpus Callosum Damage In Heavy Marijuana Use: Preliminary Evidence From Diffusion Tensor Tractography And Tract-Based Spatial Statistics
Authors: Abou-Saleh M. ,   Addiction Research Group
Published: June 2010

Heavy marijuana use has well established long term consequences for cognition and mental health, but the effect on brain structure is less well understood. We used an MRI technique that is sensitive to the structural integrity of brain tissue combined with a white matter mapping tractography technique to investigate structural changes in the corpus callosum (CC). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was obtained in eleven heavy marijuana users who started using marijuana in early adolescence and eleven age matched controls. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) (which measure structural integrity and tract coherence, respectively) were analysed within the corpus callosum which was spatially defined using tractography and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). MD was significantly increased in marijuana users relative to controls in the region of the CC where white matter passes between the prefrontal lobes. This observation suggests impaired structural integrity affecting the fibre tracts of the CC and is in keeping with previous reports of altered and diversified activation patterns in marijuana users. There was a trend towards a positive correlation between MD and length of use suggesting the possibility of a cumulative effect of marijuana over time and that a younger age at onset of use may predispose individuals to structural white matter damage. Structural abnormalities revealed in the CC may underlie cognitive and behavioural consequences of long term heavy marijuana use.
P03-239 - Compliance Of Opiate Addicted Patients Treated With Buprenorphine
Authors: Guillou Landreat M. , Sebille Rivain V. , Victorri Vigneau C. , Foucher Y. , Grall Bronnec M. , Venisse J.L. , Jolliet P.
Published: June 2010

Background

The French experience regarding treatment of opiates addiction with buprenorphine is exceptional. However drug compliance is one of the most important prognostic factors for this treatment efficacy, but there are very few data on the subject in literature.

Purpose

The main purpose of our study was to analyze the compliance of opiate-addicted patients treated with buprenorphine.

Method

We have carried out a forecast study on drug compliance of buprenorphine treatments on a 10-year period using a software specifically designed to that end. We have performed a statistical analysis of the conditions and transitions of opiate-addicted patients treated with buprenorphine along appointments.

Results

We have shown that there was a good compliance to buprenorphine treatments in our population. Moreover, we have identified factors linked to a development towards bad compliance, such as criminal records or addictive behaviors among the patient's social circle.

Conclusion

Our results allow a better understanding of the factors of compliance in treated opiate-addicted patients and allow to debate ways to improve this compliance.
P03-242 - Characteristics Of Alcohol Use In A Medical Students Sample
Authors: Murgulescu A.-M. , Bumbu C. , Todoran A. , Samoila M. , Marinescu V.
Published: June 2010

Objective

The relationship between sociodemographic data and characteristics of alcohol use has been analyzed in a sample of medical students from Romania.

Method

A questionnaire containing sociodemographic data and aspects of alcohol use was completed by students from different universities of medicine from Romania.

Results

A number of 156 subjects were questioned, with ages between 18 and 30 years. Of them 44.5% were female and 54.5% were male, and the majority were in their first university year of study. The number of alcohol units drank one time was less than 3 units for 70.5% of subjects and more than 3 units for 28.8% of subjects. Age and year of study were not significantly associated with the use of higher amount of alcohol units. Male subjects tend to have a significantly higher use of alcohol than female subjects. We found that the higher number of alcohol units used is associated with more somatic effects (nausea, vomiting, drowsiness) and with more risk behaviors with serious consequences (missing classes, driving, fighting, law problems). 73.7% of all subjects experienced at least one somatic effect and 43.6% of subjects had at least one risk behavior related problem. 15.38% of questioned subjects admitted that the alcohol use was a problem.

Conclusions

The use of more than 3 alcohol units was significantly associated with male gender, somatic effects and risk behaviors in our sample. Alcohol use is a major health problem worldwide with important social implications and apparently medical students also experience its unfavorable consequences.
P03-243 - Homosexual Women And Substance Use Disorder - A Case Report
Authors: Dostanic N. , Djeric A.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Homosexual women are frequently described as particularly exposed to alcohol and drug abuse, depression and suicide attempts. Despite the modern trends of a complete social inclusion of homosexual population, it is important to deal with peculiar features in the process of social adaptation of these people. Psychosocial variables may account for substance use patterns.

Methods

The authors are presenting the case report on a twenty eight year female drug addict (according to criteria of ICD-X), who was observed for three times at the Department for women addicts. During the early adolescence period, she periodically consumed marijuana. She became aware of her sexual orientation at the age of 15 and experienced first homosexual activity at the age of 17. She disclosed her homosexuality to her parents 5 years ago, and their reaction was very negative. At that period, she started to consume heroin and became a heroin addict. Following two treatments at our Institute, she refrained from using heroin until the pressures at home became unbearable. Drug use patterns became the only means for her to cope with the pressures from her family and peers and the only way to ease the pain of loneliness and overcome isolation and depression.

Results

Although homosexuality is neither a mental illness nor predisposition to mental illness, the psychosocial ramifications may create serious secondary emotional problems.

Conclusions

Homosexual women experience specific health problems. Communication between medical staff and homosexual women must be improved so as to better address the latter's specific health care needs.
P03-265 - the evaluation of social and psychological factors related to addiction: a preliminary study of s.a.i.d. Validation
Authors: Vasale M. , Tonioni F. , De Filippis R. , Fanella F. , Focà F. , Franza R. , Luci G. , D’Alessandris L.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Most of brief instruments of evaluation of substance related disorders focuses on the dependence physical indexes and/or on compulsion, evaluating only incidentally the dependence-related social and psychological factors. Our aim is to create and validate a short questionnaire, easy to be distributed, exploring the dependence social and psychological indexes and to be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapeutic and rehabilitation treatments whose aim is to change lifestyle as well as abstinence.

Methods

The S.A.I.D. is an auto-evaluation questionnaire of 39 items that explore emotions, thoughts and behaviours in addictive subjects, thus providing patient's diagnostic profile in two areas: social area, divided into 4 scales (work/study, relationships, social interaction, cure/physical health); psychological area, divided into 5 scales (depression, hostility, lack of attention, anxiety, alexithymia).446 subjects have been examined: 256 with alcohol dependence diagnosis by using DSM-IV-TR, 70 with cocaine dependence diagnosis by using DSM-IV-TR, 120 not clinical subjects representing the control sample, that are not under psychiatric treatments.

Results

The statistical analysis by Student's t test has showed that the instrument is able to discriminate between alcoholics, cocaine addicts and healthy control subjects; Cronbach's Alpha analysis has noticed a good internal validation in two main areas of the questionnaire, but a substantial unhomogeneity about single subscales.

Conclusions

These results indicate that the instrument is useful for the overall evaluation of social and psychological impairment in addictions, but also suggest the need for a revision of the instrument aiming to a better internal consistency of subscales.
P03-266 - Rorschach Profile Of Alcohol-Depended Patients Of The Acute Ward, Psychiatric Hospital Of Petra Olympus, Katerini, Greece
Authors: Voura N. , Papanikolaou K. , Angelidis G.F.
Published: June 2010

Objective

Analysis of Rorschach inkblot responses of 22 alcohol-depended patients of the Acute Ward, Psychiatric Hospital of Petra Olympus, Greece.

Material

The Acute Ward is a relatively small psychiatric ward that receives both voluntary and involuntary admissions of psychiatric patients of a catchment area of about 1000000 people.

The material used for this study was the Rorschach inkblot responses of 22 alcohol-depended patients (19 males, 3 females) that were hospitalized in the Acute Ward during the first semester of 2009. The test was administered once, 2-5 days after admission and scored according to J.E. Exner's Comprehensive System.

Results

Rorschach profile was similar for most of the cases. 19 out of 22 Rorschach performances (with no significant differences among the sexes) revealed recurrent attempts to elucidate alcoholic ‘signs’ and put forward characteristic alcoholic perceptual style. These patients also produced more responses revealing greater interest in other people, marked though by ambivalence, feelings of aggression and withdrawal or isolation from social interaction. Dependency needs were also exhibited.

Conclusion

The Rorschach inkblot test is a psychological projective test of personality in which subjects’ interpretations of 10 standard abstract designs are analyzed as a measure of emotional and intellectual functioning and integration. It gets into the deepest recesses of patients’ psyche or subconscious mind. In the case of these alcohol-depended patients displayed specific problems of personality structure comprising a concrete Rorschach profile.
P03-272 - The Importance Of Substance Abuse For Participation In Social, Cultural, And Physical Activities
Authors: Wynn T.N. , Hoxmark E. , Wynn R.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Participation in social, cultural, and physical activities positively influences perceptions of health and quality of life. Few have studied how substance abuse influences patients’ participation in social, cultural and physical activities.

Objectives/aims

We examined patterns of past, recent and future (desired) activities of patients being admitted to substance abuse treatment at a Norwegian university hospital.

Methods

A questionnaire was developed specifically for the self-reporting of social, cultural, and physical activities. Psychiatric diagnoses including substance use diagnoses and other clinical and demographic data were also obtained. Data were analysed with descriptive and comparative analyses, including ANOVA.

Results

78 patients responded (71%), 23 women, 55 men. Mean age was 38. 71% had a diagnosis of mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use, while some had personality disorders (8.9%) or schizophrenia (3.6%). The total amount of activities had dropped significantly compared to before the respondents started abusing substances, and the drop was particularly pronounced for physical activities (Figure).

Changes in activities

Most expressed an interest in increasing their social, cultural, and physical activities.

Conclusion

The total amount of social, cultural, and physical activities falls markedly after starting substance abuse. Helping patients regain positive activities may improve subjective health and quality of life.
P03-274 - A Drug Screening Protocol: An Important Tool In Psychiatric Hospitalization
Authors: Zallo E. , Torreblanca M. , Euba O. , Chicharro F. , Pinilla E.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

It is widely described in literature, the high comorbidity between drug misuse and psychiatric disorders. 85% of patients with serious mental disorders, use alcohol or tobacco and other drugs. In almost 50% of them consume alcohol and cannabis. If we consider just hospitalized patients, the prevalence varies between 12 and 50% of the cases.That is why in 2003 a multidisciplinary group was formed in order to study drug consumption at hospital and to establish a drug screening protocol to control this issue.The objective of the study is to explain the protocol introduced in 2003 and an example of its benefits specially in the reduction of cannabis consumption.

Methods

There was elected a multidisciplnary group formed by the hospital administrator, the laboratory technician, different psychiatrists and nurses. They designed the drug screening protocol that we show in this work.

Results

As an example of the effectiveness of the protocol, we consider the evolution of cannabis misuse before and after protocol enforcement, looking for positive results in urine samples. In 2003, there were taken 2575 urine samples for cannabis screening and in the 35,22% of the cases the result was positive. On the other hand in 2009, 3656 urine samples were collected and just the 17.7% of the determinations were positive.

Conclusions

The design of a specific, serious, standarized drug screening protocol in a hospital permits to control and minimize drug misuse during inpatients' hospitalization.
P03-277 - Gender Differences In Adolescent Suicidal Behavior
Authors: Balazs J. , Dallos G. , Kereszteny A. , Gadoros J.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

The relationship between psychiatric disorders and adolescent suicide is well established. The aim of the present study was to examine gender differences in suicidal behavior among adolescents.

Methods

A structured diagnostic interview (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Kid (M.I.N.I. Kid)) was used to determine 25 psychiatric diagnoses defined by the DSM-IV and suicidal behavior (having any current suicidal ideations or suicide attempts). The study population consisted of adolescents (aged 11-18), who were consecutively, first time admitted patients with suicidal behavior (according to the M.I.N.I. Kid) into the Vadaskert Child Psychiatry Hospital, Budapest.

Results

Altogether 81 adolescents (46 girls (56.8%) and 35 boys (43.2%)) met the inclusion criteria. The most common psychiatric disorder of suicidal boys (n=35) was attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n=17; 48.6%), followed by oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (n=16; 45.7%) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (n=13; 37.1%). Among girls (n=46) the most common psychiatric disorder was dysthimia (n=23; 50%), followed by GAD (n=22; 47.8%) and ODD (n=20; 43.5%).

Limitations

This study examined an inpatient population with suicidal behavior, generalizations about outpatient and community samples cannot be made.

Conclusions

Based on the present study in adolescent suicide prevention, in both sexes professionals have to pay attention to externalization and internalization disorders as well. The striking finding is the very high prevalence of ADHD among suicidal boys. It's important to emphasizes the important role of GAD and ODD as risk factors of suicidal behavior in both sexes and dysthymia among suicidal girls.
P03-280 - Problems Of Nurses In Communication With Individuals With Attempted Suicide
Authors: Burba B. , Grigaliuniene V. , Alcauskiene A. , Stolygaite A.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

1.

To assess how nurses evaluate their abilities to communicate to individuals who attempted suicide.

2.

To ascertain the attitude of nurses to the importance of the influence of communication with patients to their social rehabilitation.

3.

To determine, what kind of help nurses would appreciate to improve communication with patients with attempted suicide.

Methods

Original survey questionnaire, data analysis. Sample was selected by means of nonprobability - simple sampling method.

Results

Study included a total number of 64 nurses working at the Hospital of Kaunas University of Medicine. Most of nurses evaluate their communication with suicidal individuals as positive: 80 percent believe they listen closely to their patients, 69 percent believe they pay enough attention, 69 percent talk to patients about their problems. 66 percent of nurses report the lack of information about psychological characteristics of suicidal patients, and 48 percent refer to the lack of experience in communication with such patients as the greatest problems in communication with individuals with attempted suicide. Also 52 percent emphasize lack of time and 34 percent mention reluctance of doctors to cooperate. 66 percent of nurses would like to undergo training containing these topics during lectures and seminars.

Conclusions

1.

Majority of nurses precisely determine suicide itself, however, causes of suicide are not so obvious.

2.

It is necessary to keep ongoing training of nursing staff on the topics of suicide prevention, treatment and rehabilitation.
P03-289 - Clinical And Statistical Analysis Of Suicides In Mental Patient Population (According To The Outpatient Service Data)
Authors: Ivanov O. , Egorov A.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Russia has one of the highest suicidal ratings in the world. Mental patients form the absolute majority both in suicidal attempts and consummated suicides.

Methods

448 cases of mental patients with suicidal attempts in the period 1991-2001, who received medical care in St. Petersburg district outpatient clinic were studied.

Results

The amount of suicidal patients among all mental outpatients was 4.9%. Male/female ratio was 1 : 1,6. Suicidal patients were diagnosed as schizophrenia (F2 -55.6%) and delusional disorders (F22 - 4.5%), affective disorders (F3 - 16.5%), organic disorders (F07.8 - 18.8%), personality disorders (F60 - 4.5%). Mean age for males was significantly lower (31.4) compared to females (36.6). The tendency of decrease in suicide mean age (4.1 year) was obtained during the period of 1990-2001. The preponderate mode of suicide in females was self-poisoning (82,7%); in males preponderate modes were self-injuring (50,6%) and self-poisoning (45,9%). The duration of mental disorder in our study was higher (mean 10.3 years), compared to previous data. Maximum of suicidal attempts (20%) was registered in 1997-96. Less number of registered suicidal attempts after 1997 may be explained by the loss of officially registered mental patients including firstly registered in the outpatient service. The role of risk factors such as mental disorder heredity, suicidal attempts in relatives, loneliness, and alcohol abuse was elucidated.

Conclusions

Antisuicidal programs in outpatient care should include introduction of suicide risk ratings together with mental patient compliance improvement.
P03-292 - Suicidal Behavior In Psychotic Patients
Authors: Gómez Martínez R. , Ortega García M.D. , Martinez Martínez C. , Rodríguez Campos A. , Alonso de la Torre M.A. , Gómez Martínez L. , Agúndez Modino A. , Alvarez Silva I.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Suicide is one of the most frequent causes of death. In 1993, Bleuler emphasized its importance in his “Suicidal behavior is the most serious symptom of schizophrenia”. Since then, various studies have confirmed importance of suicide in schizophrenia, and today it's clear that his research and knowledge is one of the great challenges of psychiatry.

Objectives

-

Establish clinical-socio-demographic profile and risk factors for psychotic people with autolytic behaviors.

-

Determine frequency of suicides in psychotic disorders in our area of care.

Material and methods

Retrospective study(3 years evolution) that includes psychotic patients(diagnosed according DSM IV-TR) admitted to the HCU of Valladolid. With data provided by hospital medical records, analyzed socio-demographic variables and clinics. Study consists of two groups:group of cases(those patients who have suicidal behavior) and control group (those that haven't autolytic gesture during the study period). Statistical evaluation was performed with SPSS.

Results

-

The sample includes 191 patients:41(21%) have attempted suicide.

-

Of them:73% are males;88% singles;51% have basic studies;61% we re unemployed;37% were 31-40 aged;54% started disease 21-30 aged and 63.5% are schizophrenic.

-

Considering statistical study we find that suicidal patient profile is male(p = 0.039),diagnosed with schizophrenia(p = 0.033),with previous suicide attempts(p = 0.009)and lack of social support(p = 0.007).

Conclusions

:

-

21% of hospitalized psychotic patients have presented some autolytic attempt.

-

Profile of suicidal psychotic patient is a male, single, 21-40 aged, primary education, unemployed, with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia, particularly paranoid, with ten years evolution,without acceptable social support, number of revenues higher than non-suicidal psychotic and a personal history of previous autolytic attempts.
P03-295 - Paracetamol As The Major Contributing Factor In Parasuicides In A Single Centre In Malaysia
Authors: Kaur A. , Thanasan S. , Ng C.G. , Zainal N.Z.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Paracetamol is one of the most frequently used drugs in intentional overdoses. Countries that limit the quantity of paracetamol available in a single purchase generally report lower rates of paracetamol related morbidity and mortality.

Objectives

To determine the socio-demographic characteristics of those who intentionally overdosed on paracetamol and associated psychiatric illness (identifying high-risk groups).

Aims

To improve mental health care delivery and propose a restriction of pack sizes of paracetamol in a single purchase.

Methods

This study was a retrospective, descriptive analysis study. Cases of parasuicide in the year 2008 were identified through our database and their case notes studied by completing questionnaires pertaining to details of the act.

Results

Of the 437 cases of parasuicide, 195 cases overdosed on paracetamol (44.6%). Indians made up 41.0% of cases, followed by Malays (31.8%) and Chinese (20.5%). Of the Malays, 63.3% overdosed on paracetamol, compared with other means of parasuicide. 72.8% of those who overdosed with paracetamol were female, 54.4% were single and 69.7% purchased paracetamol over the counter. With increasing age, the incidence of paracetamol overdose declines, being highest (55.2%) in the age group 16-25. Of those who overdosed on paracetamol, 46.2% had a diagnosis of adjustment disorder, 26.2% of acute stress reaction and 21.0% of depression. 42.1% of them had a history of paracetamol overdose.

Conclusions

Paracetamol continues to be commonly used in parasuicides. Legislation restricting pack sizes of paracetamol in a single purchase is the most pragmatic means of reducing paracetamol related parasuicides and suicides.
P03-302 - Evaluation Of Suicidal Behaviour And Depression Among Nursing Students In Northern Greece
Authors: Papazisis G. , Melissa-Halikiopoulou C. , Tsiga E. , Khachatryan R.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Suicide has become a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in adolescents and young adults worldwide and has been identified as one of the key mental health problems affecting students. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among nursing students in Greece.

Methods

A total of 142 nursing students of the Department of Nursing of the Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki agreed to participate in the study. The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) was administered. Question 9 of the scale was evaluated to examine suicidal tendency.

Results

43.9% of the students experienced depressive symptoms. The mean scores on the BDI were higher in year 1 and 3, while the lowest score was observed in year 2. The evaluation of suicidal ideation per year of studies indicated that the percentage of students who thought of suicide but wouldn’t commit it were mainly in the first or in the last (graduate) years. 88% of our total sample reported never having thoughts of suicide. Significant differences on the basis of gender were observed concerning suicidal thoughts, without actually carrying it out (males>females).

Discussion

The stressors in nursing education have been consistently acknowledged in the literature. In our sample can be assumed that 2nd year students are more adjusted to the demands of their studies and appear more confident about their choice. Higher levels observed in the last study years are maybe the result of student worries about their professional future.
P03-306 - Blood Alcohol Concentration In Suicide Victims
Authors: Razvodovsky Y.
Published: June 2010

Background

Suicide is one of the leading external causes of death worldwide. The alarming increase in the occurrence of suicide in Belarus in recent years has resulted in the country having one of the highest suicide rates in the world. It is well recognized that both acute and chronic alcohol use are among the major behaviorally modifiable factors that are associated with suicidal behavior. Several studies have reported relatively high proportion of suicide cases positive for blood alcohol concentration (BAC).

Aims

The present study was designed to collect data on BAC-positive suicides in Belarus.

Method

This study was based on the official autopsy reports of the Bureau of Forensic Medicine. The sample consisted of 1135 male subjects (76.3%) and 356 female subjects (23.7%).

Results

In the present study 61% of males and 30.6% of females were BAC-positive at the time of death. It should be noted that the proportion of BAC-positive suicide in Belarus is among the highest in the world. Positive blood alcohol cases were found more frequently in men age 30-59 (66%) and women age 19-39 (48%). The average BAC was 2.2 ± 0.004 g/dL for males and 2.1 ± 0.005 for females.

Conclusions

In this study, substantial percentages of suicide victims tested positive for alcohol. These results are consistent with previous studies suggesting that acute alcohol intoxication may function as an important effect modifier to the act of suicide. The outcome of this study also suggests that alcohol-related suicide is mainly a male phenomenon.