bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kleinskalige Pin-Verbundmittel für den Stahl-Beton-Verbundbau/Small-scale pin shear connectors for steel-concrete composites
Authors: Classen Martin , Gallwoszus Joerg , Kopp Maik , Schäfer Johannes
Published: April 2021

Durch den Einsatz von hoch- und ultrahochfesten Betonen und Stählen im Verbundbau können schlanke, weitspannende und hochtragfähige Verbundflächenelemente zum Einsatz in architektonisch anspruchsvollen Tragstrukturen realisiert werden. Die hochfesten Werkstoffe ermöglichen durch ihr günstiges Verhältnis von Festigkeit zu Eigengewicht eine deutliche Reduzierung der Querschnittsabmessungen gegenüber normalfesten Werkstoffen. Für gewisse Anwendungsfelder im Verbundbau können hierdurch die Bauteildicken der Betondeckschichten auf unter 30 mm verkleinert werden. Für derartig schlanke Verbundkonstruktionen und Betongurte ist allerdings die Anwendbarkeit herkömmlicher Verbundmittel, wie zum Beispiel die Verwendung von Kopfbolzendübeln, nicht mehr gegeben. Die systematische Verbindung der Teilquerschnitte aus Beton und Stahl erfordert neuartige, kleinskalige Verbundmittel, die die Übertragung der Abhebe- und Scherkräfte in der flächigen Verbundfuge ermöglichen und die Verbundtragwirkung sicherstellen. Ein neuartiges Schweißverfahren erlaubt die Herstellung von Pin-Strukturen, die als Verbundmittel eingesetzt werden können. Die Verbundmittel mit einer Höhe von nur wenigen Millimetern werden unmittelbar während des Schweißprozesses aus dem Schweißdraht geformt, sodass weitere Bearbeitungsschritte, wie beispielsweise das nachträgliche Aufschweißen vorgefertigter Verbundmittel, entfallen können. Die Tragmechanismen der Pin-Strukturen unterscheiden sich jedoch von denen herkömmlicher Verbundmittel. In diesem Artikel werden Einsatzmöglichkeiten für filigrane Verbundflächentragwerke aufgezeigt, erste Untersuchungen zum Trag- und Verformungsverhalten der neuartigen Pin-Verbundmittel vorgestellt und ein Ausblick auf zukünftige Forschungsinhalte gegeben.
Numerische Abbildung von Beton mit einem plastischen Schädigungsmodell – Grundlegende Untersuchungen zu Normalbeton und UHPC/Finite element simulation of concrete with a plastic damage model – Basic studies on normal strength concrete and UHPC
Authors: Kueres Dominik , Stark Alexander , Herbrand Martin , Classen Martin
Published: April 2021

Die numerische Simulation des Tragverhaltens von Beton- und Stahlbetonkonstruktionen mit nicht-linearen Finite-Elemente-Modellen gewinnt in der konstruktiven Ingenieurpraxis zunehmend an Bedeutung. In kommerziellen Finite-Elemente-Programmen stehen dem Anwender unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten zur Abbildung des Betonverhaltens in Form von plastischen Materialmodellen zur Verfügung. Zur Anwendung dieser Materialmodelle ist dabei in der Regel die Kenntnis des Betontragverhaltens unter einaxialer Druck- und Zugbeanspruchung erforderlich. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden verschiedene Ansätze zur mathematischen Beschreibung dieser konstitutiven Beziehungen für Normalbeton und ultrahochfesten Beton (UHPC) vorgestellt und im Hinblick auf ihre Anwendbarkeit in plastischen Materialmodellen untersucht. Darauf aufbauend werden numerische Simulationen mit einem plastischen Schädigungsmodell unter Verwendung eines einheitlichen Parametersatzes durchgeführt und mit den Ergebnissen experimenteller Untersuchungen verglichen. Die Untersuchungen umfassen hierbei Materialprüfungen an Normalbeton und UHPC unter verschiedenen ein- und mehraxialen Spannungszuständen. Durch die Wahl geeigneter konstitutiver Beziehungen kann für die untersuchten Spannungszustände eine gute Übereinstimmung zwischen simuliertem und experimentell ermitteltem Betontragverhalten erreicht werden.
Ozeanarium – Afrikanarium in Breslau, Polen
Authors: Bulkowaki Marcin
Published: April 2021

Die Stadt Breslau hat ein neues Wahrzeichen: das Ozeanarium-Afrikanarium im Zoologischen Garten (Bild 1). Dieser im Oktober 2014 fertig gestellte Baukomplex bildet mit dem Ozeanarium die Verbindung von Exponaten der afrikanischen Wassertier-Welten und Landtier-Welten. Das Ozeanarium sollte ein sehr innovatives Gebäude werden, das sich gut in die Umgebung einfügt. In der Nachbarschaft befindet sich die Jahrhunderthalle (Bild 1, im Hintergrund) von Max Berg, welche 1913 als mutiges Projekt galt.
Flüssigkeitsdichte Bauteile in Kombinationsbewehrung
Authors: Guirguis Philipp , Haus Andreas
Published: April 2021

Einleitung Immer höhere Anforderungen an Bauwerke stellen Ingenieure vor immer neue Herausforderungen. So sollen Hochbauten filigran in den Himmel streben und Industriebauten flexibel auf die Änderungswünsche der Bauherren angepasst werden. Die beauftragten Tragwerksplaner sollen zudem durch den Einsatz geeigneter Materialien einen schnellen und kostengünstigen Bauablauf sicherstellen. Die immer schärfer werdenden Anforderungen an den Umweltschutz müssen zusätzlich eingehalten werden. Dies betrifft insbesondere Industriebauten, die aufgrund ihrer Nutzung täglich mit sogenannten wassergefährdenden Stoffen in Berührung kommen. Nachfolgend werden die DAfStb-Richtlinie Betonbau beim Umgang mit wassergefährdenden Stoffen sowie die DAfStb-Richtlinie Stahlfaserbeton erläutert und anhand von drei ausgeführten Bauwerken der Einsatz von Kombinationsbewehrung aus Stahlfasern und Stabbewehrung aufgezeigt. Im Zuge der Bemessung konnte die ursprüngliche Bewehrung in allen Projekten deutlich reduziert werden. Neben materiellen Einsparungen in Form von reduzierter Bewehrung und verringerten Bauteilquerschnitten konnten vor allem auch aufgrund der entspannten Bewehrungsführung deutliche Zeitspareffekte erzielt werden.
Zerspan-Toleranzen einhalten mit Weißlichtinterferometrie
Authors: Felseis Gesa
Published: April 2021

In der spanenden Fertigung kommen teure Werkzeuge zum Einsatz. Mithilfe der Weißlichtinterferometrie lässt sich der Bearbeitungsprozess jetzt sicher kontrollieren. Dies steigert die Wirtschaftlichkeit auch bei Einhaltung enger Toleranzen.
Hochiterative Planung von Fertigungstechnologien*/Highly Iterative Planning of Manufacturing Technologies. Requirements towards technology planning caused by highly iterative product development“
Authors: Rey J. , Grünebaum T. , Trauth D. , Mattfeld P. , Klocke F.
Published: April 2021

Steigende Individualisierung und hohe Marktunsicherheiten zwingen Unternehmen dazu, ihre Kunden kontinuierlich in die Produktentwicklung einzubinden und Produktänderungen auch in späten Entwicklungsphasen zu berücksichtigen. Die hochiterative Entwicklung physischer Produkte bietet ein großes Potenzial, um diesen Herausforderungen zu begegnen, führt jedoch zu neuen Anforderungen an die parallel stattfindende Planung der Fertigungstechnologien. Die resultierenden Anforderungen an die Technologieplanung werden in diesem Fachbeitrag vorgestellt.

 

Increasing individualization and high market uncertainties force companies to continuously involve their customers into the product development and to cope with product changes, also in late stages of product development. The highly iterative development of physical products offers potential to face these challenges. However, it causes new requirements towards the planning of manufacturing technologies, which is carried out in parallel. The resulting requirements to technology planning are presented in this article.
Innovative Produktschnittstellenkonzepte*/Innovative mechanical interfaces
Authors: Heimes H. , Ganser J. , Sarovic N. ,   Kampker. A.
Published: April 2021

Die Automobilindustrie konkurriert heute in einem gesättigten Markt. Um ihre Marktanteile zu behaupten, müssen die Automobilhersteller den angespannten Gegebenheiten mit innovativen Produkten und Produktionskonzepten Rechnung tragen. Von dieser Notwendigkeit sind auch die automobilen Produktschnittstellen und Montagekonzepte nicht ausgenommen. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die Herausforderungen und Handlungsbedarfe des zugehörigen Industrialisierungsprozesses diskutiert.

 

Automobile manufacturers face an increasing competition. The fast and sufficient realization of innovative products meeting the latest customer requests is one key to success in the market. However, the introduction of product innovations often leads to the requirement of new concepts for mechanical interfaces between components. The empirical study at hand aims at validating hypotheses concerning theoretical and practical challenges of the industrialization of mechanical interfaces.
Innere Kühlschmierstoffzufuhr für Kreissägewerkzeuge*/Internal coolant supply in circular saw blades – Sawing of hard-to-cut materials
Authors: Birenbaum C. , Burkhardt J.
Published: April 2021

Das Kreissägen metallischer Werkstoffe ist ein etabliertes Verfahren zur Vor- und Fertigbearbeitung von Bauteilen in der spanenden Fertigung. Allerdings stößt das Verfahren bei schwer zerspanbaren Werkstoffen an seine Grenzen durch die hohe Temperaturentwicklung und den resultierenden Werkzeugverschleiß. Die Entwicklung einer inneren Zufuhr mit bedarfsgerechter Kühlschmierstoffmenge für Kreissägewerkzeuge wirkt diesem Problem entgegen. Das Kühlmedium wird durch das Werkzeug direkt der Zerspanstelle zugeführt und kann dort die bestmögliche Kühl- und Schmierwirkung erzielen.

 

Circular sawing of metals is an established process for pre-machining and finishing components in cutting production. However, for hard-to-cut materials, the process is limited and does not allow for an economic machining. This is due to the intense heat during machining and the resulting tool wear. A solution is the development of saw blades with internal coolant supply. The internal coolant supply enables sufficient cooling and lubrication of the cutting edge region.
Konstruktive Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung des thermischen Einflusses auf die Genauigkeit von Industrierobotern/Constructive methods to reduce thermal influences on the accuracy of industrial robots – Counteract thermal influences with heat
Authors: Mohnke C. , Reinkober S. , Uhlmann E.
Published: April 2021

Aufgrund ihrer Kinematik und ihrer Beweglichkeit bieten Industrieroboter (IR) eine flexible, anpassungsfähige Basis. Ein Hauptnachteil der Verwendung von IR zur Bearbeitung ist die geringe strukturelle Steifigkeit sowie fehlende Genauigkeit der seriellen Kinematik. Eine Einflussgröße, die insbesondere für Prozesse mit langen Prozesszeiten relevant ist, ist die Erwärmung der Roboterstruktur und die damit verbundene thermische Drift des Tool Center Point (TCP). Die maximale Abweichung von der tatsächlichen Sollposition kann bis zu 1,5 mm betragen.

 

Due to their kinematics and their mobility, industrial robot (IR) systems offer a flexible, adaptable basis. A major disadvantage of the use of IR for machining is the structural low stiffness and low accuracy of serial kinematics. An influencing variable, which is particularly relevant for processes with long process times, is the thermal heating and the associated thermal drift of the tool center point (TCP). The maximum deviation from the actual nominal position can reach up to 1.5 mm.
Tool: Eine Sprachdomäne für die Montageplanung*/A domain specific language for assembly planning – Software-supported planning of human-robot cooperation based on ontologies
Authors: Müller R. , Mailahn O. , Peifer R.
Published: April 2021

Die Planung von Montagesystemen wird durch die Einführung von cyber-physischen Modulen und neuen Formen der Zusammenarbeit von Mensch und Roboter zunehmend komplexer. Ontologien können Planungswissen bezüglich Beziehungen und Restriktionen formal abbilden. Mit der hier beschriebenen Sprachdomäne werden Ontologien für Montageplaner zugänglich und anwendbar. Die Planung kann auf diese Weise beschleunigt und flexibilisiert werden.

 

The planning of assembly systems is becoming increasingly complex with the introduction of cyber-physical modules and new forms of human-robot cooperation. Ontologies can formally capture planning knowledge in terms of relationships and restrictions. The domain specific language described here makes ontologies accessible and usable for assembly planners. Thus, planning may be accelerated and designed more flexibly.
Blechkomponenten aus hochfestem Aluminium*/Sheet metal components made of high-strength aluminium
Authors: Groche P. , Günzel J. , Suckow T.
Published: April 2021

Zur Ausnutzung der hohen spezifischen Festigkeit und folglich Eignung als Leichtbauwerkstoff von EN AW-7075 bedarf es neben den Umform- auch Wärmebehandlungsprozessen, die im Folgenden in den Umformprozess integriert werden und die Prozesskette somit deutlich kürzer und effizienter gestalten. Dieser Fachbeitrag zeigt, welches Produktivitäts- und Leichtbaupotenzial durch eine Inline-Wärmebehandlung erschlossen werden kann.

 

To be able to exploit the high specific strength and thus suitability of EN AW-7075 as a lightweight construction material, it requires not only forming but also heat treatment processes. The latter become integrated into the forming process and thus make the process chain significantly shorter and more efficient. This paper points out the potential for productivity and lightweight construction to be tapped by inline heat treatment.
Hybride Lagerbuchsen aus Aluminium und Stahl*/Numerical process design for the production of a hybrid bearing bushing made of aluminium and steel
Authors: Behrens B. , Chugreev A. , Matthias T.
Published: April 2021

Im Fokus dieses Beitrages steht die numerische Prozessauslegung zur Herstellung einer hybriden Lagerbuchse aus Aluminium und Stahl. Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen thermo-physikalischen Eigenschaften der Werkstoffe ergeben sich Herausforderungen bei der Umformung der hybriden Halbzeuge. Im Beitrag werden geeignete Umformtemperaturbereiche definiert, bei denen die beteiligten Verbundpartner vergleichbare Fließeigenschaften aufweisen, sowie die numerische Prozessauslegung vorgestellt.

 

This paper focuses on the numerical process design of a hybrid bearing bushing made of aluminium and steel using tailored forming. The different thermo-physical properties of the materials bring about challenges in the forming of the hybrid semi-finished products. Suitable forming temperature ranges are defined in which the two materials have comparable flow properties, and the numerical process design is presented.
Vorrichtungsfreies Fügen*/Fixtureless joining in car body assembly
Authors: Kupzik D. , Coutandin S. , Fleischer J.
Published: April 2021

Die steigende Variantenvielfalt im Automobilbau durch neue Modelle und elektrische Derivate motiviert ein Umdenken im Karosserierohbau. In „SmartBodySynergy“ (SBS) wird ein flexibler Karosserierohbau in Werkstattfertigung entwickelt. Für dessen Umsetzung sind flexible Fügezellen notwendig. In diesem Artikel wird der Einsatz einer vorrichtungsfreien, kamerageregelten Bauteilpositionierung für den Einsatz in varianten- sowie vorgangsflexiblen Fügezellen untersucht und eine Demonstratorzelle vorgestellt.

 

The increasing diversity of variants in the automotive industry through new models and electrical derivatives motivates a rethinking of body shop construction. In „SmartBodySynergy“ (SBS), a flexible body shop is being developed in workshop production. For its implementation, flexible joining cells are necessary. This article examines the use of device-free, camera-controlled component positioning for use in variant- and process-flexible joining cells and introduces a demonstrator cell.
Materialhybride – Verbindung von Kunststoffen und Metallen
Authors: Spancken D.
Published: April 2021

Die Anforderung, unterschiedliche Funktionen sowie Eigenschaften in einem Bauteil zu integrieren und zu realisieren, erfordert oft die Notwendigkeit, artungleiche Werkstoffe miteinander zu verbinden. Damit kann ein Bauteil in unterschiedlichen Bereichen gemäß den jeweiligen Anforderungen ausgelegt werden. Die Kombination von Kunststoff und Metall in einem Bauteil bietet ein enormes Leichtbaupotenzial und die Möglichkeit mehrere Funktionen in ein Bauteil zu integrieren. Eine große Herausforderung ist die Verbindung der beiden Werkstoffe an deren Anknüpfungspunkten sowie die zuverlässige Auslegung der Fügeverbindung hinsichtlich der Betriebsbelastung.
Balkan Savaşları Esnasında Alman Salib-i Ahmer (Kızılhaç) Cemiyeti’nin İstanbul ve Edirne’de Yürüttüğü Sağlık Çalışmaları
Authors: Şimşek Muttalip
Published: April 2021

1864’te imzalanan Cenevre Sözleşmesi’yle birlikte cephelerde askerî sağlık hizmetlerinin mükemmel bir şekilde yapılması anlayışı gelişmeye başlamış ve Avrupa’nın farklı ülkelerinde birbiri ardına Kızılhaç cemiyetleri kurulmuştu. Bunlardan birisi de Alman Kızılhaç teşkilatıdır ve bu kuruluş sadece Almanya’da değil dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde meydana gelen savaşlarda din ve milliyet ayrımı yapmaksızın cephelerde sağlık çalışması yürütmüştür. Alman Kızılhaçı özellikle Trablusgarp Savaşı (1911- 12), Balkan Savaşları (1912-13) ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı (1914-18) esnasında doktor, hemşire ve hastabakıcılardan oluşan ekiplerle Osmanlı cephelerinde hizmet etmiştir.

Bu çalışmada, öncelikle Alman Salib-i Ahmer Cemiyeti’nin Balkan Savaşları’nın başlamasıyla birlikte hem Osmanlı Devleti’ne, hem de Balkan ülkelerine sağlık ekibi göndermek için nasıl bir seferberlik yürüttüğü açıklanacaktır. Daha sonra, sağlık ekiplerinin Almanya’daki üniversitelerde görev yapan tecrübeli doktorların idaresi altında uzman sağlık personeliyle birlikte İstanbul ve Edirne’de yürüttükleri çalışmalar detaylı bir şekilde değerlendirilecektir. Bunların yanında, Türk askerinin cephede oldukça zor şartlarda savaşmasına bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan kangren vakaları ve diğer ağır hastalıklara karşı verdiği mücadele ve Alman sağlık ekibinin Hilal-i Ahmer Cemiyeti’yle birlikte bu alanda yürütmeye çalıştığı hizmetler ortaya konacaktır. Ayrıca, Alman sağlık ekiplerinin kayıtları ışığında, tedavi edilen hastalara dair sayısal bilgiler verilerek, salgın hastalıklarla mücadele ve Ayastefanos (Yeşilköy) Karantina Merkezi’nin çalışmaları da burada detaylı bir şekilde değerlendirilecektir.
Türkistan’ın İşgali ve Sovyetleştirilmesi Sürecinde Ermeniler ve Bölgede Yaptıkları Katliamlar
Authors: Yıldırım Seyfi , Egamberdiyev Mirzahan
Published: April 2021

Çarlık Rusyasının güçlenmesi ile birlikte 19. asırda bilhassa Kafkasya ve Türkistan coğrafyasında daha önce başlamış olan yayılma faaliyetleri resmen işgale dönüştü. Çarlık bir taraftan Anadolu’da başlayan Ermeni ayaklanmalarını desteklerken diğer taraftan işgal edilen Türkistan topraklarına Ermeniler iskân etmekteydi. Ermeniler Rusların bu topraklardaki işgallerinde faydalı bir müttefik idi. Ermeni-Rus işbirliğinden Ermenilerin beklentisi ise bağımsız bir Ermenistan kurabilmekti. Aynı zamanda bu gücün desteğini almak onlar için maddi-manevi güç elde etmek anlamına gelmekteydi. Ermeniler Türkistan’da Rus desteğiyle büyük bir güç elde ettiler. Bu coğrafyada para kazandıracak işlerin çoğunluğunu ele geçirdikleri gibi daima yerli ahalinin elinden alınan verimli topraklarda iskân edildiler. Ermenilerin bu şekilde iskân, istihdam ve asker olarak kullanılmaları Çarlık yönetimin sona ermesi ile kurulan Bolşevik idaresinde de değişmeyen bir yöntem oldu. Çoğunluğu yerli Taşnak olan bu Ermeniler Bolşeviklerle birlikte Türkistan coğrafyasında ortaya çıkan Milli Mücadele’nin kanlı bir şekilde bastırılmasında büyük bir rol oynadılar.
Performance Evaluation of a Split Unit Air-Conditioner Retrofitted with Hydrocarbon Refrigerant (HC22)
Authors: Sabudin Sulastri , Mohamad Noor Mohamad Syafiq , Abdullah Mohammad Kamil , Batcha Mohd Faizal Mohideen , Taweekun Juntakan
Published: April 2021

The performance evaluation of a small capacity split unit air-conditioner when retrofitted with hydrocarbon refrigerant (HC22) was presented in this paper. Unlike traditional hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant (HCFC22) which possess ozone depletion potential (ODP) and high global warming potential (GWP), the HC22 refrigerant has zero ODP and a GWP value less than 3. Experimental work was carried out in a controlled environment which mimics an office room, with surrounding temperature varied from 25°C, 30°C and 35°C to simulate the typical cooling loads in Malaysia. The performance of HC22 refrigerant was compared with that of HCFC22 at these temperatures. The results show that the coefficient of performance (COP) of HC22 is higher, ranging from 3.5% to about 11% in comparison to HC22. The observation during experiments also shows that a typical HCFC22 can be retrofitted without any issue. The COP values obtained were 6.03, 6.35 and 6.15 for HC22 and 5.71, 5.66 and 5.63 for HCFC22 respectively. It can be concluded from this study that HC22 can be retrofitted directly to a HCFC system but other issues such as refrigerant flammability and safety issues shall be taken into account.
Kepemimpinan Pastoral Nabi Habakuk Sebagai Role Model Kepemimpinan Para Pendeta Di Era Milenial
Authors: Bollu Paulus
Published: April 2021

AbstractVarious life trials phenomenons that occurs with the progressionof era has greatly affected the ministry of pastors as Christian leaders in this millennial era.Â  In regards to this issue, it is necessary to conduct a research on the pastors as Christian leaders of the millennial era by having the pastoral leadership of the prophet Habakkuk as a role model in addressing and comprehending Godâ€™s plan behind all lifeâ€™s trials that are faced. The result of the field research with qualitative method on the leadership of the pastors in this millennial era based on the leadership of the prophet Habakkuk as a role model will be used by pastors as they lead Christians of the millennial era to create a change in this everchanging world; a change that can be implementedÂ  inÂ  the ministry world and leadershipÂ  in where they are present and where they serve. AbstrakBerbagai fenomena permasalahan kehidupan yang terjadi menyertai perkembangan zaman sangat mempengaruhi kehidupan pelayanan para pendeta sebagai pemimpin Kristen di era milenial ini.Â  Menyikapi permasalahan yang terjadi, maka perlu adanya penelitian kepada para pendeta sebagai pemimpin Kristen di era milenial ini dengan menjadikan kepemimpinan pastoral nabi Habakuk sebagai role model dalam menyikapi dan memahami rencana Allah di balik semua permasalahan hidup yang dihadapinya. Hasil temuan penelitian dengan metode kualitatif terhadap kepemimpinan para pendeta di era milenial berdasarkan role model kepemimpinan nabi Habakuk dalam zaman perjanjian Lama, agar dapat digunakan oleh para pendeta sebagai pemimpin Kristen di era milenial ini, untuk menciptakan satu perubahan di tengah dunia yang terus berubah yang dapat ditampilkan dalam dunia pelayanan dan kepemimpinannya di mana ia hadir dan melayani.
The Atlas of Living Australia: History, current state and future directions
Authors: Belbin Lee , Wallis Elycia , Hobern Donald , Zerger Andre
Published: April 2021

The Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) is Australia’s national biodiversity database, delivering data and related services to more than 80,000 Australian and international users annually. Established under the Australian Government’s National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy to provide trusted biodiversity data to support the research sector, its utility now extends to government, higher education, non-government organisations and community groups. These partners provide data to the ALA and leverage its data and related services. The ALA has also played an important leadership role internationally in the biodiversity informatics and infrastructure space, both through its partnership with the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and through support for the international Living Atlases programmes which has now delivered 24 instances of ALA software to deliver sovereign biodiversity data capability around the world. This paper begins with a historical overview of the genesis of the ALA from the collections, museums and herbaria community in Australia. It details the biodiversity and related data and services delivered to users with a primary focus on species occurrence records which represent the ALA's primary data type. Finally, the paper explores the ALA's future directions by referencing results from a recently completed national consultation process.
Structure of aquatic macroinvertebrate communities in streams of a sub-basin in the Pampa Biome, Southern Brazil
Authors: Hentges Sirlei Maria , Menzel Tieli Cláudia , Loebens Cristiane Maria , Siveris Samuel Elias , Reynalte-Tataje David Augusto , Strieder Milton Norberto
Published: April 2021

The Piratinim River is located in the northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, and represents an important effluent from the Uruguay River, with streams located far from urbanized areas, in conditions similar to those of environmental integrity, but under the influence of agricultural activities. In this study, we aim at investigating the structure of the aquatic macroinvertebrate community in streams of the Piratinim river basin by observing both spatial and local scales. The sampling was carried out in six streams distributed in three regions (upper, middle and lower) of the basin, thus exploring its upstream, intermediate and downstream stretches, during spring and autumn. Macroinvertebrates were collected using aquatic dipnets and were identified at the family level; trophic-functional categories were established according to the classification adapted to the state of Paraná. The spatial and temporal variations of the groups and of the biotic attributes (density, richness, diversity and equitability) were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests anda posterioriDunn’s tests. The abiotic variables were obtained to verify possible influence on the composition of the macroinvertebrate community, evaluated through a Canonical Correspondence Analysis. We sampled 11,564 macroinvertebrate individuals from 72 taxa, and found a predominance of the collector-filter trophic group. Abundance and richness were different between streams; the highest densities were found in the streams located in the upper region of the watershed (Chuní and Itú). The highest taxon richness was found in the lower region of the watershed (Guaracapa stream), and the lowest richness was found in the two streams for the intermediate region (Santana and Ximbocu). Diversity and equitability did not vary; temporal variations were not found. Canonical correspondence analysis explained 31.7% of the data variability. The main environmental variables that influenced macroinvertebrates distribution were temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, altitude and extension of the riparian forest. Seasonality and the longitudinal gradient along the basin represented determining factors for the structure and distribution of the macroinvertebrate community in the tributary streams of the Piratinim River.
Cellular immunity indexes after therapeutic use of immunoactive and anti-inflammatory agents in patients with orthodontically induced gingival hyperplasia
Authors: Babenko Andrii , Kostiuk Iryna , Oktysyuk Yuriy , Avakov Valentyn , Shovkova Nataliia
Published: April 2021

Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances that is mediated by the power forces of the apparatus might lead to changes in the blood circulation, predispose to a number of complications such as tooth movement and contributes to the morphological bone tissue remodeling. We have investigated 126 patients aged 16–35 years after appliance bracket therapy that has caused orthodontically induced gingival hyperplasia. Immunological investigation which comprised the study of the cellular immune system in patients with orthodontically induced gingival hyperplasia suggested that there were significant disorders of the cellular immune system that correspond to the T-suppressor type of the secondary immunodeficiency state. Endogenous interferon composed of a low molecular weight organic compounds and an interferon-inducing agent (isonicotinic acid derivative) was used in the treatment of the patients with orthodontically induced gingival hyperplasia. Interferon provides restoration of functional activity in T-lymphocytes, enhances the functional capacity of the macrophages, provides normalization of the cell immunity, contributes to the elimination of secondary immunodeficiency and restoration of immunological homeostasis in individuals with orthodontically induced gingival hyperplasia caused by fixed appliances.
Lucie ou l’énigme du père. Une adolescente en quête de sens
Authors: Paoli Catherine
Published: April 2021

À partir de la présentation du cas d’une adolescente qui s’automutile, l’auteure questionne la place et la fonction de la scarification en s’appuyant sur l’analyse d’entretiens réalisés en libéral. Ces actes violents qui prennent le corps propre pour objet sont ici envisagés comme porteurs d’un potentiel réorganisateur pouvant ouvrir sur des voies créatrices.
La représentation psychique à l’épreuve de la maladie létale. Approche clinique en soins palliatifs
Authors: Louchard Chardon Christine
Published: April 2021

Nous ne cessons de nous représenter qui nous sommes et ce qui nous entoure. C’est le propre de notre fonctionnement psychique. Mais qu’en est-il pour le sujet atteint de maladie létale et hospitalisé ? Qu’est-ce qui s’impose en ces circonstances à son psychisme et à sa capacité de représentation ? À partir d’une pratique clinique en service de médecine, et plus précisément à partir de l’accompagnement d’une patiente âgée identifiée en soins palliatifs, l’auteur met en évidence ce que la situation mobilise du côté du patient comme des soignants notamment du côté des figures du maternel. Il avance l’idée que plus que la mort, qui peut au final trouver à se représenter, ce sont les craintes d’effondrement, d’un retour à des états de terreur et d’effroi qui sont au cœur des stratégies conscientes et inconscientes mises en œuvre par chacun. Ces états ont à voir avec l’indicible et l’irreprésentable.
Éléments d’un cadre d’analyse de l’activité : quelques conceptions essentielles de la psychologie soviétique (1979)
Authors: Savoyant Alain
Published: April 2021

Ce texte présente un cadre d’analyse de l’activité issu de l’un des principaux courants de la psychologie soviétique qui vise aussi bien l’analyse des processus que l’élaboration d’une théorie du développement. A partir des travaux de Léontiev, il définit d’abord les éléments de la structure générale de l’activité, organisée autour de 3 concepts-clés : activité, action et opérations. Il se centre ensuite plus particulièrement sur les caractéristiques de l’action ainsi que sur ses conditions d’élaboration et d’assimilatIon telles qu’elles sont définies par Galpérine dans sa théorie sur la formation par étapes des actions.
The Mountain Goes to Muhammed*
Authors: Hensley Bonnie K , Palmer Richard I
Published: April 2021

Broadcast Television for Continuing Education in Nursing
LANDMARK STATEMENT
Authors: Anonymous
Published: April 2021

PRINCIPLES FOR DEVELOPING INSERVICE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Continuing Education Needs of Registered Nurses in Iowa Hospital Emergency Departments
Authors: Milde Francis K , Powell Sandra R , Ruther Lavonne M , Thomas Barbara S , Glick Orpha J
Published: April 2021

A survey study of registered nurses employed in Iowa hospital emergency departments was conducted to investigate the characteristics and perceptions of their learning needs for continuing education. Responses from 344 nurses revealed most to be diploma graduates with more than three years of emergency department experience. Nurses reported having adequate preparation for common first aid emergencies but inadequate preparation for neurological emergencies and chest injuries. Cardiovascular problems, management of trauma, and psychiatric emergencies were rated as top priorities for continuing education. Hospital inservice programs and physicians were indicated as the current providers of their educational needs. Self-instructional packets and closed circuit television were suggested as alternatives to traditional workshop programs.
Nursing Faculty Evaluation of Continuing Education Offerings in Nursing
Authors: Gaston Susan
Published: April 2021

The use of nursing faculty to evaluate continuing education offerings is examined in this article. The process used to design an evaluation instrument is described and the instrument is included in the article.
Mastery Learning Model for an Inservice Nurse Training Program for the Care of Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Pinkney-Atkinson Victoria J
Published: April 2021

Mastery learning as an educational model is defined and explained. This model was applied to the development of an inservice training program for registered nurses to enable them to manage stable hypertensive patients. The developmental process is described.
Nursing Internships: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature
Authors: Lewison Dana , Gibbons Lillian K
Published: April 2021

A review of the literature on nursing internship programs is presented. The authors discuss factors associated with the structure, process, and outcome of the programs and emphasize the need for more systematic evaluation of internship program effectiveness.
Teaching for Coronary Care Unit Emergencies
Authors: Rees Carol
Published: April 2021

The nurse in a Coronary Care Unit must be prepared to analyze a problem and take action when time necessary for gathering additional information and for consultation with others is limited. As an important objective, the course of instruction in coronary care nursing includes preparing the nurse to make a sequence of decisions when one or more warning signs or symptoms are observed at the bedside. Decision patterns an illustrated for six common warning signs: fast heart rate, slow heart rate, irregular rhythm (ectopic beats), low blood pressure, and shortness of breath. Principles of adult learning and the "guided discovery" technique are described for use in teaching decision-making skills.
Management Classes for Head Nurses - A Consortium Approach
Authors: Hinchliffe Marilyn G
Published: April 2021

This paper presents an alternate method of planning and implementing continuing education for nursing managers. By utilizing a shared service approach, the Northwest Allegheny Hospitals Association (NAHC) identified a need to support the staff nurse who is promoted to a head nurse position without the necessary management concepts and skills to manage a clinical unit. While describing the consortium approach in program identification and implementation, the focus is on course content and methods of evaluation utilized in the NAHC Head Nurse Management Course.
Methods of Teaching - Revisited The Overhead Projector
Authors: Cooper Signe S
Published: April 2021

The twelfth in a series of articles on methods of teaching, this article begins a sequence of five describing audiovisual resources. Readers are encouraged to submit articles about teaching strategies they have found useful.
Developing a Department of Continuing Education in a Diploma Nursing School
Authors: White Mariann
Published: April 2021

Having assessed that there was a dearth of learning opportunities for nurses in their geographic area, this diploma school established a department of continuing education. The following article describes the process of operationalizing the department including planning, financing, conducting needs assessments, and program planning. An evaluation of the department's impact one year after its establishment is also included.
Methods of Teaching-Revisited Self-Instructional Modules
Authors: Hinthorne Rita
Published: April 2021

Self-instructional modules benefit learner and teacher alike. The learner assumes responsibility for his own learning and proceeds at his own pace. The teacher, after developing the module acts as a facilitator and resource person. Both learners and teachers need an orientation to this teaching method since they may be unaccustomed to role expectations with the use of self-instructional modules.
A Nontraditional Access Model to Nursing Education
Authors: Haritos Dolores J , Anderson Amy
Published: April 2021

This article describes an innovative evening program in nursing at a community college. The process of determining need, marketing, and soliciting the necessary support from clinical agencies is included as well as the program structure and cost. The program is successful and continues to attract a highly qualified faculty and diversified student body.
Improving the Communication Between a Nursing Staff and Hospitalized Children
Authors: Klinzing Dennis R , Klinzing Dene G
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to devise and test a methodology to assess and improve the communication between nurses and hospitalized children. The results of the study indicated that interaction analysis could be used as a means indicated that interaction analysis could be used as a means of assessing and improving the communicative exchanges that occur when nurses and aids attend to the needs of hospitalized children.
Methods of Teaching-Revisited Slides and Slide-Sound Presentations
Authors: Cooper Signe S
Published: April 2021

This is the 13th in a series of articles on methods of teaching. Readers are encouraged to share their experiences with useful teaching strategies.
Designing Practical Continuing Education Program Evaluation Forms
Authors: Miller Margaret
Published: April 2021

Evaluation of continuing education (C.E.) offerings provides practical information for C.E. programmers and an opportunity for participants to express their assessment of the offering. To achieve maximum effectiveness from program evaluation, attention to the context and design of the evaluation form is advisable. In this article, the components and design of the evaluation form, compilation methods, and the use of evaluative information will be discussed.
Methods of Teaching - Revisited Visual Materials
Authors: Cooper Sign S
Published: April 2021

The sixteenth in a series of articles describing methods of teaching, this one describes several kinds of illustrations that may be used to facilitate learning. Readers are encouraged to share their experiences with successful teaching strategies.
Methods of Teaching - Revisited Case Method
Authors: Cooper Signe S
Published: April 2021

The nineteenth in this series of articles begins with a description of a technique used to encourage analytical thought and initiate discussion. Readers are encouraged to submit short articles about teaching strategies they have found useful.
The Centralized Education and Nursing Departments: Collaboration or Collision?
Authors: Petersen Mary Beth Harper
Published: April 2021

When the people in the education and nursing departments collaborate on a daily basis, viewing each other as allies in meeting educational needs, a powerful coalition results. Time is spent in implementing effective programs instead of drawing lines in territorial power plays. Programs are based on reliable communications from all levels of the organization. And best of all, these people enjoy working together, seeing problem areas as opportunities to create better educational programs for everyone's benefit.
Design and Development of a Computerized Education Records System
Authors: Robinette Janice Eiler , Weitzel Patricia Selensky
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

An efficient and cost effective computerized education records system was developed to provide centralized and decentralized reports of education participation. Collaboration with a computer analyst and programmer was essential to integrate our education information database with the hospital's mainframe system.
New Directions for Nurse Managers
Authors: Evers Jan M , Porter-O'Grady Timothy , George Edrie J , Lewis Kay
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

A survey of nursing service administrators in the Mississippi area showed little preparation for the leadership role. A 1-year course in nursing management, consisting of 13 workshop days, was designed to meet the needs of those individuals without formal training who lacked a significant base in management theory and process. An opportunity was provided to identify management goals, clarify values, and enhance skills. Interim assignments were structured to address managerial practice issues faced within the individual's work settings. Built into the course was an extensive plan for evaluation. Twenty-five nurse managers completed the series. Impact evaluations at the end of 1 year revealed significant changes made by the individual and employing agency. Seven of 21 nurses at follow-up (33.3%) were certified in nursing service administration by the American Nurses' Association.
Reasons Why Emergency Nurses Take or Do Not Take the Certification Examination in Emergency Nursing
Authors: Carlson Kathleen E
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this descriptive, exploratory study was to identify reasons that motivate the emergency nurse to take the Certification Exam for Emergency Nursing (CEN exam); reasons certified emergency nurses (CEN) give concerning their decisions to recertify; and a comparison of demographic characteristics in relation to these reasons.

A random sample of 500 registered nurses who are currently members of the Emergency Nurses Association (ENA) and who are working in the emergency department was obtained from the ENA. These nurses received a questionnaire packet containing a cover letter explaining the purpose of the study, a combined Educational Participation Scale (EPS) and Deterrents to Participation Scale (DPS), a personal data questionnaire, and a return envelope.
Marketing a Continuing Education Course for Healthcare Managers
Authors: Welnetz Katie
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this article was to elicit from the relevant literature the important considerations to make when planning to market continuing education (CE) within hospitals. References on marketing from both institutions of higher education and hospitals were reviewed. Based on this review, a strategic marketing plan was developed and initially implemented in the hospital.

A 1-day course for healthcare managers, entitled "Successful Writing of Proposals and Reports," was offered twice and tested, using the steps outlined in the strategic marketing plan. The plan proved to be most beneficial in systematically guiding our first attempts at marketing CE to hospitals and other healthcare facilities. From this plan, efforts are currently being made to further develop curricula and determine other programs that might be marketable to these same target groups. In addition, closer links with nearby educational institutions or affiliated hospitals are being pursued to support and maintain our ongoing marketing endeavors.
A Process for Determining Content for a Nurse Internship Program
Authors: Fritsch-deBruyn Rosemary R
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the essential content of a surgical nurse internship program. Five groups of senior nursing students, nursing faculty, and nursing service staff ranked and weighted 68 topics separated into five categories: professional, personal, patient/family, broad clinical, and surgical nursing. Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance was used to determine the agreement within each of the nurse groups, between each two nurse groups, and among all nurses. All nurses showed a significantly high agreement in ranking topics of all five categories. The associate degree faculty was the only nurse group to have a significant agreement within the group. Of the five nurse groups, the nursing service staff had the most significant rankings with other nurse groups.

Because the topics ranked are broad in context, the study is applicable to nurse internship programs of other areas and to continuing education (CE) and staff development (SD) programs for newly graduated nurses.
How to Provide Around-the-Clock CPR Certification Without Losing Any Sleep
Authors: Umlauf Mary Grace
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Teaching and reviewing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to employees is an important part of the role and responsibilities of hospital nurse educators. The new teaching technologies of computer-assisted instruction and interactive video have been merged into a teaching/learning system that was tested by a rural federal hospital. Over a 2-month period, more than one third of the hospitals staff members were certified in CPR by the standards of the American Heart Association with the learning system. Ease of operation, employee enthusiasm, and easy access to the equipment were identified as important factors that contributed to the successful implementation of this innovative CPR training/review program. Additional evaluation of the system confirmed that the system was efficient, cost effective, and time-saving.
Community-Based Nursing Education in Pakistan
Authors: Harnar Ruth , Burns Janice , Marshall Pamela , Karmaliani Rozina
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The nursing profession is not looked on favorably by Muslim families. In one rural area there were only three nurses for 1 million people. Community health and public health care have been lacking in the nursing curriculum. Therefore, preparing recruits for the community health nursing (CHN) posts in the Community Health Sciences Department (CHSD) and for faculty of the School of Nursing has involved a sequence of continuing education: inservice and on-the-job training in the CHSD and courses in the new BScN program. Those who joined with a diploma in nursing and a year of midwifery, and who followed this sequence, could be selected as Aga Khan University (AKU) scholars, and be sponsored for support in the two-year BScN program with its community health orientation. After two more years of advanced experience, the CHN is given the opportunity to apply for master's studies abroad. All who were accepted have returned to work at the Aga Khan University and have increased their career opportunities.
Knowledge, Attitudes, Treatment Practices, and Health Behaviors of Nurses Regarding Blood Cholesterol
Authors: Ienatsch Gayleen
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Background: This study, from a sample of west Texas RNs (n = 42), replicated a survey of New York City RNs' (n = 206) knowledge, attitudes, treatment practices, and health behaviors concerning cholesterol and cardiovascular disease.

Method: A random sample of 42 RNs completed a 48-item questionnaire developed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Responses were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Differences between the present and previous study samples were analyzed by chi square.

Results: Nurses expressed enthusiasm for counseling clients regarding cholesterol management; yet, only approximately one eighth of respondents in either study agreed strongly they were prepared to counsel clients. Chi-square analyses showed no significant differences in most responses between the two samples.

Conclusion: These findings suggest nurses could benefit from continuing education offerings targeted to client cholesterol management.
Combining Traditional and RN Students in a Senior Capstone Experience: The Student Perspective
Authors: Rains Joanne W , Richardson Virginia , Fowler Barbara A
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Background: This study explored the students' perspective related to combining traditional and RN student populations in a senior capstone course.

Method: In the final semester in a senior baccalaureate program, nursing students (N = 340) completed an investigator-designed 5-item survey. Data were reviewed independently by three investigators for emergent themes.

Results: While the course content was applied differently by two student populations, both appreciated a seminar format that allowed increased creativity, autonomy, and flexibility.

Conclusions: Merits of an integrated course were more explicitly stated by traditional students, who viewed the RNs as a source of reality-based learning. Faculty sensitivity to the unique learning needs of each student population is recommended.