bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Johdanto
Authors: Mikkonen Heikki , Lahtinen Jussi
Published: September 2023

Työväen historian ja perinteen tutkimuksen seuran vuoden 2022 kesäseminaari järjestettiin elokuussa Työväenmuseo Werstaalla teemalla työväki ja vauraus. Vaurauden käsitteellinen laaja-alaisuus näkyi myös seminaariesitelmien moninaisissa näkökulmissa sekä monitieteisyydessä. Seminaarin esitelmät lähestyivät vaurautta tutkimuskohteena historiatieteen mutta myös esimerkiksi etnologian, kaupunkitutkimuksen ja sosiologian näkökulmista. Vaurautta tutkitaan Suomessa monella tieteenalalla ja erilaisissa konteksteissa. Vauraus on taloushistoriaa, poliittista historiaa, agraarihistoriaa, luokkatutkimusta, työn historiaa ja työväen historiaa. Tämä kirja kokoaa yhteen seminaarin teemoja ja keskustelua. Tavoitteenamme on nostaa esiin vaurauden merkitys käsitteellisesti ja teoreettisesti monitulkintaisena tutkimuskohteena.
Tapaustutkimuksia palvelualan työtehtävissä toimineiden miesten henkilökohtaisesta varallisuudesta Helsingissä vuosina 1885–1925
Authors: Reinikka Fanny
Published: September 2023

Fanny Reinikan artikkelin keskiössä ovat miesten palvelualan työt 1800-luvun loppupuolelta 1900-luvun alkuun. Reinikkaanalysoi tutkimuskohdetta sukupuolinäkökulmasta käyttämällä monipuolista lähdeaineistoa. Artikkeli tarjoaa näkökulman miesten palvelualalla työskennelleiden henkilöiden henkilökohtaiseen varallisuuteen ja tuloeroihin. Reinikka osoittaa, että myös miehet työskentelivät aloilla, joista on jäänyt jälkeen ainoastaan vähäistä ja hajanaista lähdeaineistoa.
Entisten torppareiden hyvinvoinnin kokemus 1920-luvun Ruovedellä
Authors: Warsell Anna
Published: September 2023

Anna Warsell käsittelee artikkelissaan ruoveteläisten entisten torppareiden tulontasoa ja koettua hyvinvointia 1920-luvun maaseutuyhteisössä. Warsell lähestyy tutkimuskohdettaan sekä muistitietoaineiston että verotietojen avulla. Kahden erilaisen lähdeaineiston käyttö tarjoaa hedelmällisen lähtökohdan tutkia materiaalisen elintason ja vaurauden suhdetta, jota Warsell käsitteellistää sosiologisen hyvinvointitutkimuksen viitekehyksestä. Artikkeli tarjoaa tukea väitteelle, että entisten torpparitilojen omaksi lunastamisessa tulotason nousua merkittävämpiä tekijöitä olivat pienviljelijöiden koettu oikeudenmukaisuus ja turvallisuus.
Kun työläinen vaurastui
Authors: Lahtinen Jussi
Published: September 2023

Jussi Lahtinen johdattelee lukijan toisen maailmansodan jälkeisten suurten yhteiskunnallisten kertomusten pariin luoden pitkittäiskatsauksen vauraan työläisen tematiikkaan 1950-luvulta 2020-luvulle asti. Niin yleisesti länsimaissa kuin Suomessakin kokemus vauraudesta ja edistyksestä muutti työväenluokan asemaa yhteiskunnassa. Artikkelissa seurataan, miten unelmat omistusasunnosta tai -osakkeesta sekä henkilöautosta konkretisoituivat yhä laajempien kansanosien keskuudessa ja miten unelmat osin romahtivat deindustrialisaation ja teollisen rakennemuutoksen seurauksena.
Epilogi
Authors: Soininvaara Osmo
Published: September 2023

Kirjan päättää Osmo Soininvaaran näkökulmateksti, jossa katse siirretään tulevaan. Soininvaaran vuonna 2021 julkaistuun teokseen 2020-luvun yhteiskuntapolitiikka perustuva artikkeli maalaa synkkää kuvaa erityisesti ammattitaidottoman, lyhyen koulupolun käyneen väestönosan tulevaisuudesta. Jos aikaisemmin kansalaiskoulun tai peruskoulun päättäneellä nuorella oli ainakin teoreettinen mahdollisuus saavuttaa keskiryhmien elintaso teollisuuden palveluksessa, ei 2020-luvun maailmassa tätä mahdollisuutta enää ole. Soininvaara luettelee omia ratkaisumallejaan siihen, miten sosiaali- ja talouspolitiikalla voidaan vastata modernin työelämän vaatimuksiin. Samalla teksti herättää kysymään: onko vaurauden ja työväenluokan pitkään jatkunut liitto ohi?
Net zero and the role of the aviation industry
Authors: Quiggin Daniel
Published: September 2023

With growing uncertainty over the approach to net zero, the airline industry is struggling to find a sustainable way of reducing its carbon emissions. Global efforts to stay within the 1.5°C temperature target of the Paris Agreement are off-track, and extreme weather events are more common than ever. While the aviation sector is a critical contributor to the global economy and provides important benefits enabling travel around the world, the sector is notoriously difficult to decarbonize. Most supply-side options for reducing aviation carbon emissions – such as zero-emissions aircraft and sustainable aviation fuels – are yet to be scaled and are still at the R&D phase. In the context of dwindling carbon budgets, this paper assesses the possibility of managing the demand for flights in order to set the sector on an achievable path for reaching net zero. The model developed for this paper generates different scenarios that consider the main supply-side decarbonization solutions. The assessment notes the ‘acceptable’ level of aviation demand under each scenario to remain within carbon budgets. The model demonstrates that acting prudently, and reducing demand for flights in the short term, would offer the best chance of enabling the sector to play its role in achieving net zero.
Instructional Management Through Project-Based Learning Combined with Collaborative Learning to Enhance Learning Achievement of Undergraduate Students
Authors: Pimpimool Ajcharee
Published: September 2023

Global citizenship should acknowledge various lessons in global education emphasizing learners as the global citizens. Teaching techniques integration that is suitable for contents and the nature of learners is considered as the heart of instructional management affecting students greatly in the 21st century. This study aims: 1) to determine the quality of the learning achievement test; 2) to compare the pre-test and post-test learning achievement of students through activities of the project-based learning (PjBL) combined with collaborative learning; and 3) to study student’s satisfaction toward PjBL activities. Research method includes 4 steps: 1) data study; 2) activity design; 3) tools creation; and 4) learning activity management. A questionnaire and a learning achievement test are implied as tools. The sample comprises 40 undergraduate students and 5 experts who are selected by the purposive sampling and have experienced teaching for more than 10 years from 4 higher education institutes. Data is analyzed with mean, standard deviation, and t-test. Results indicate that: 1) the learning achievement test that has been already qualified is a 5-choice, 65 items, which are a content validity and a whole reliability value of 0.912; 2) the post-test learning achievement is higher than the pre-test with a statistical significance level of .05; and 3) an overall student’s satisfaction is at the highest level (X= 4.72, SD = 0.33).
Comparative Evaluation for Selected Gas Turbine Cycles
Authors: ELWARDANY Mohamed , NASSİB Abd El-moneim M. , MOHAMED Hany A.
Published: September 2023

The energy and exergy evaluation of simple gas turbine (SGT), gas turbine with air bottoming cycle (GT-ABC), and partial oxidation gas turbine (POGT) are studied. The governing equations for each cycle are solved using energy equation Solver (EES) software. The characteristics performance for selected cycles are discussed and verified with that obtained for available practical cycles (SGT, GT-ABC, POGT). The present results show a good agreement with the practical one. The effects of significant operational parameters, turbine inlet temperature (TIT), compression ratio (CR), and compressor inlet temperature (CIT), on the specific fuel consumption, energy and exergy efficiencies are discussed. According to the findings, a reduction in CIT and a rise in TIT and CR led to enhance energy and exergy efficiency for each configuration with different ranges. Results revealed that the GT-ABC and POGT cycles are more efficient than those of SGT at the same operational parameters. The energy and exergy efficiencies are 38.4%, 36.2% for SGT, 40%, 37.8 % for GT-ABC, and 41.6%, 39.3% for POGT. The POGT cycle has a better energy and exergy performance at a lower pressure ratio than the SGT and GT-ABC.
Marketing Strategy Analysis of Xtra Combolite and Xtra Hotrod Special Product at PT XL Axiata with the Application of the Boston Consulting Group Matrix
Authors:   Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Daga Rosnaini , Muhammad Nasir ,   Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Suwandaru Rachman ,   Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Abi Nubil Abi Nubil ,   Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Published: September 2023

Every company must maintain and develop the market through marketing implementation and evaluation of various product control activities. The purpose of this research is to analyze the marketing strategy for Xtra Combolite and Xtra Hotrod Special products at PT XL Axiata which is being marketed in the community. The method used is the application of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix as a marketing strategy method by classifying the company’s profit potential graphically. The findings show that the Xtra Combolite product position matrix is in the Star which is an ideal position so it needs to be maintained. Meanwhile, the Xtra Hotrod Special product position matrix is the Question Marks, so high investment is needed so that its growth prospects increase and has the potential to change its position to become the Star.
Policy Implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Transportation Number 65 of 2009 Concerning Indonesian-Flagged Non-Convention Vessels in the Main Harbor Office Tanjung Perak Surabaya
Authors:   Master of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya, Indonesia, Agus Rusdiyanto Agus Rusdiyanto , Muhartono Djoko Siswanto ,   Master of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya, Indonesia, Dewi Casmiwati Dewi Casmiwati ,   Master of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: September 2023

The research objectives to be achieved are to describe and analyze the Implementation of Minister of Transportation Regulation No. 65 of 2009 concerning Indonesian-flagged Non-Convention Vessels at the Tanjung Perak Main Harbormaster’s Office in Surabaya; and describe and analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors. The type of research used is qualitative research. The results showed that the Ship Safety and Ship Manning Standards that have been carried out are in accordance with what is the goal, Ship Safety and Ship Manning Resources assigned to the crew are still not optimal because they are not in accordance with international regulations, Ship operations and ship safety have been properly implemented, The role of communication carried out in the form of coordination between several parties is still lacking, The attitude of the implementers of Ship Safety and Ship Manning is responsible for imposing sanctions in this case conveying to the captain to be in accordance with, Economic, Social and Political Factors Ship Safety and Ship Manning are supportive. The conclusion of this research is that the Implementation of the Policy of the Minister of Transportation Regulation No. 65 of 2009 concerning Indonesian-flagged Non-Convention Ships at the Tanjung Perak Main Shipyard Office in Surabaya is running in accordance with applicable provisions. There are several suggestions that are recommended, among others, the Government of Indonesia through the Ministry of Transportation can make special policies in monitoring growth and development towards the security of ships and port facilities, including the level of security conditions, there must be synchronization and synergy between the central government and local governments in regulating regulations so as not to cause contradictions in implementation.
Improving Students Reading Comprehension Through Probing-Prompting Technique at the Eighth Grade Of SMP Negeri 4 Pancarijang
Authors: Hambing Agus
Published: September 2023

The objective of the research are find out whether  or not the use of Probing-Pompting Technique improves te students reading comprehension and student interest at the eighth grade of SMP Negeri 4 Pancarijang. His research employed pre-experimental method with on group pre-test and post-test design. The population was Theeighth grade student of SMP Negeri 4 Pancarijang in academic 2014-2015. Total number of population was 66 student consist of 3 classes and one class (VIII.2) was taken as sample by  using cluster sampling techniquetotal of sample 20 students’. The research instrument are reading test an questionnaire. The result this research showed that the pre-test got the mean score (56.00)   while the post-test goat mean score (69.00). This showed that there was significant difference between pretest and posttest. The result of the t-test value (5.378) was higher than t-table (2.093). This mean that H1was accepted. The researcher concluded that teaching reading comprehension by using probing-prompting increased the students’ ability in reading comprehension of SMP Negeri 4 Pancarijangand the mean score of the questionnaire was 84.75 categorized as a strongly interested. The researcher concluded that teaching reading comprehension by using probing-prompting improve the students’ ability in reading comprehension at the eighth grade SMP negei 4 Pancarijang.
Estimated volume of eucalyptus plantations through ALOS satellite images
Authors: Domingues Getulio Fonseca , de Souza Guilherme Silverio Aquino , Barbosa Rodolfo Alves , Marcatti Gustavo Eduardo , Lorenzon Alexandre Simões , Leite Helio Garcia
Published: September 2023

Estimates of wood volume, either in even or uneven-aged forests, is necessary for planning forest management, studies concerning carbon sequestration and natural resources conservation, as well as energy planning in regions where wood is the primary fuel for power generation. Such purposes mainly involve analysis of large areas, which leads to challenges that can be solved through remote sensing. Using multispectral and microwave data, respectively, from the AVNIR-2 and PALSAR sensors, both on board in the ALOS satellite, the wood volume of a commercial eucalyptus plantation located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil was estimated using artificial neural. Neural networks emerged as a powerful machine learning technique, capable of modeling intrinsically nonlinear relationships that are present in the data. Thus, the obtained estimates for wood volume in the eucalyptus plantations showed a correlation coefficient with the corresponding observed volumes (forest inventory) of 0.99, a square root of the quadratic error (RQEM) of 0.3% and errors with amplitude between -1 to 1%. The efficiency of artificial neural networks for estimating wood volume in homogeneous plantations has been proven. The multilayer perceptron neural network was efficient in modeling the complex relationships that exist between multispectral, microwave and wood volume data, producing highly accurate estimates. Only a small amount of plots was sufficient to train the artificial neural networks in order to estimate volume. In addition, the fast convergence obtained by the BFGS algorithm allowed a comprehensive data analysis.
Reflexões sobre gênero e sexualidade a partir de dados do IBGE
Authors: Dos Santos Vitor Hugo Matias , De Castro Anna Luisa
Published: September 2023

O artigo destaca a importância de incorporar questões de gênero e diversidade no ensino de Matemática, incentivando docentes a adotar abordagens inovadoras diante às prescrições curriculares. A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) é mencionada como uma diretriz que enfatiza não apenas o conhecimento acadêmico, mas também habilidades socioemocionais e valores, incluindo a igualdade de gênero e diversidade, para promover uma educação mais inclusiva. O Currículo da Cidade de São Paulo se baseia em três princípios fundamentais: Educação Integral, Equidade e Educação Inclusiva, visando atender às necessidades de estudantes e com vistas à uma sociedade diversa e justa. Um estudo de caso em São Paulo é apresentado, no qual docentes integraram questões de identidade de gênero e sexualidade nas aulas de Matemática, utilizando dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e adotando uma abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados do estudo de caso indicam que a inclusão de questões de gênero e diversidade nas aulas de Matemática promoveu discussões sobre identidade de gênero, orientação sexual e preconceito entre estudantes. Também destacou a importância de considerar a identidade de gênero em pesquisas futuras. O estudo conclui que essa integração beneficia estudantes, enriquecendo o aprendizado e contribuindo para uma sociedade mais justa e inclusiva. Portanto, é essencial que os currículos escolares, em todas as suas dimensões, incorporem a educação para as relações de gênero e diversidade, apoiando docentes na premissa de preparar estudantes para abertura à diversidade e, num pensamento crítico construtivo, contribuir para um mundo plural, inclusivo, equânime e em constante transformação.
Uso de antibióticos na medicina veterinária brasileira: situação e regulamentação
Authors: Rached Rana Zahi , Grtotto Denise
Published: September 2023

Os antibióticos são moléculas muito importantes na farmacologia, desenvolvidas para combater bactérias, que podem atuar por diferentes mecanismos de ação. Entretanto, o uso indiscriminado de antibióticos tem induzido a resistência antimicrobiana e afetado diretamente a saúde pública. O uso de antimicrobianos na Medicina Veterinária se dá no tratamento de infecções, e também para manter a qualidade do ambiente do trato digestório de animais de produção. Muitos desses antimicrobianos não são totalmente metabolizadas no organismo animal e seus resíduos têm sido detectados em amostras de solo, água superficial e subterrânea, atingindo o ambiente de forma direta (fezes e urina de animais que pastam) ou indireta (estercos utilizados na adubação de solo). Mais ainda, os medicamentos de uso exclusivo veterinário são regulados pelo Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária no Brasil, porém não há controle de prescrição, volume de produção por classe ou de venda dessa classe de medicamento pelo órgão. Já a compra de antibióticos de uso humano para animais, prescrita por médicos veterinários, pode ser realizada em farmácias comerciais particulares, estas sim controladas pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), do Ministério da Saúde. Esse estudo buscou revisar o cenário atual em pets da relação entre antibióticos e a medicina veterinária, objetivando abordar a classificação dos antibióticos e especialmente a resistência antimicrobiana.
Ampliando visões: oficinas de cultura brasileira para alunos espanhóis da terceira idade
Authors: Santiago Izabella Larissa dos Santos
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho é parte da experiência vivida durante a participação no “Programa de Auxiliares de Conversação na Espanha” no ano letivo 2020-2021, na Escuela Oficial de Idiomas de Valladolid. Tratou-se do ensino-aprendizagem em contexto de não imersão, a alunos majoritariamente da terceira idade, com pouco conhecimento sobre o Brasil. Neste trabalho, busca-se refletir, por meio de um relato de experiência, sobre os resultados e conceitos norteadores para o processo de ensino/aprendizado desenvolvido nas Tertúlias: oficinas de cultura em horário extracurricular, de temática livre e metodologia baseada nos interesses dos alunos pela cultura brasileira. As aulas foram desenvolvidas com base em produções reais de diversos gêneros textuais, com foco principal na produção artística do país, em especial o cinema independente. Para o cumprimento dos objetivos do presente artigo, apresentamos uma unidade didática que esteve dedicada aos temas que envolvem os povos que formam o Brasil e a uma discussão sobre racismo. A análise dos resultados esteve norteada pelo conceito de interculturalidade crítica (WALSH, 2010) e afetividade (ARNOLD, J. 2000; 2017). Como resultados, pôde-se desenvolver um ambiente tranquilo e seguro para a comunicação, o que gerou uma melhora significativa na competência comunicativa. Por outro lado, houve um engajamento dos estudantes: em conhecer os temas propostos pela professora e aprofundar-se neles fora da sala de aula, em participar dos debates e mediar momentos de tensão. Finalmente, os alunos relataram ter ampliado criticamente sua visão sobre o Brasil e sobre si mesmos na relação com as demais culturas que formam seu próprio país.
A Tale of Delayed Justice in Pakistan
Authors:   Department of Law, Nova School of Law, Portugal, Naeem Muhammad Waqar , Aziz Muhammad ,   Advocate/District Courts of Pakistan, Munawar Farrukh ,   M.Phil. Scholar, The University of Faisalabad, Pakistan
Published: September 2023

Pakistan judicial system has many flaws. The one we are discussing in this thesis is delay in justice. There is saying ‘‘Justice delayed is justice denied”. A society cannot be run with injustice. Delay in justice is also injustice. A healthy society needs prevailed justice. Bulks of cases in our courts also play part in delay justice. Lack of facilities and economics incentive also take part in dealing justice. Transfer of judges from court to court is also factor in delaying justice. Delay is product of different factor which are complex manner. Basically, judges and lawyers work together in collaboration to achieve single goal of dispensation of justice at reasonable speed. Thus, to increase the number of appearances in court room lawyers wants adjournment to manage their workload and same cases is with the judges they have to manage their workload so they grant adjournment. There are technical problems in the ministerial staff so that the ratio of corruption and non-use of modern techniques is also a source of delay justice in Pakistan.
Modeling the Dynamics of Post-COVID Societal Resilience: Mathematical Insights into Recovery Strategies and Adaptive Governance
Authors:   National College of Business Administration and Economics,Pakistn, Ibrahim Muhammad
Published: September 2023

The global outbreak of COVID-19 has presented unparalleled difficulties for societies around the globe, necessitating the development of comprehensive programmes for recovery and the implementation of adaptive governance measures. The present study work explores the use of mathematical modelling as a means to comprehend the intricacies of social resilience in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study focuses on the examination of recovery techniques and their implications for adaptive governance. It employs diverse mathematical methodologies to provide valuable insights into effectively traversing the intricate terrain of recovery. Utilising a multidisciplinary framework, the present study not only examines the quantitative dimensions of recovery, but also takes into account the complex socio-cultural, economic, and psychological variables that shape the trajectory towards resilience. Our objective is to get a full comprehension of the post-COVID healing process by combining mathematical models with qualitative observations. The examination of recovery pathways is enhanced by an assessment of possible policy solutions, emphasising the customization of adaptive governance to changing conditions. By using this comprehensive methodology, our aim is to provide policymakers with a resilient framework for formulating recovery plans that are both efficacious and flexible in response to the changing demands of societies as they traverse the unexplored terrain of the post-pandemic era.
Analítica del Aprendizaje y Gamificación para Fortalecer la habilidad “Reading” en la asignatura de Inglés.
Authors: Mora-Romero Gina María , Pinza-Vera Lorena del Rosario , López-Fernández Raúl , Alejo-Machado Óscar José
Published: September 2023

En esta investigación, se abordó el problema de la falta de destreza en la lectura en la asignatura de inglés en estudiantes de décimo año de básica superior. El objetivo principal fue analizar cómo la gamificación, apoyada en la analítica del aprendizaje, podría contribuir a mejorar la habilidad Reading. La metodología abordada fue la cuantitativa con un enfoque positivista con métodos estadísticos y teóricos. Se formaron dos grupos: uno experimental que utilizó la plataforma de gamificación Quizizz y otro de control que siguió métodos tradicionales. Se realizaron evaluaciones formativas centradas en la comprensión de textos en inglés a lo largo de la nivelación. Se recopilaron datos de juego y se proporcionó retroalimentación personalizada basada en la analítica del aprendizaje. Los resultados mostraron un aumento significativo en el desempeño de lectura en el grupo experimental en comparación con el grupo de control. Los estudiantes que participaron en la gamificación obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas y mostraron un mayor compromiso con el aprendizaje del inglés. Este estudio demuestra que la gamificación, respaldada por la analítica del aprendizaje, puede ser una estrategia efectiva para mejorar las habilidades de lectura en el aprendizaje del inglés. Esto tiene un impacto positivo en la calidad de la educación y en el desarrollo de habilidades lingüísticas de los estudiantes.
Los festivales gastronómicos y su incidencia socioeconómica en las parroquias rurales de Portoviejo – Ecuador.
Authors: Rodríguez-Mendoza María Kassandra , Palacios-Cedeño Nohemí Monserrate
Published: September 2023

Los festivales gastronómicos son considerados como estrategias de reactivación económica para las parroquias rurales de Portoviejo, dado que el cantón destaca a nivel nacional por su gastronomía, estas zonas requieren de tales actividades que impulsan y contribuyen a la economía local, apoyando al turismo, al comercio y generando empleo para las comunidades. Por ello, el presente artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo general analizar la incidencia socioeconómica de los festivales gastronómicos en las parroquias rurales de Portoviejo – Ecuador. La metodología aplicada tiene un enfoque mixto por la recopilación de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, es de tipo cualitativa y descriptiva, permitiendo describir las experiencias de las dos parroquias investigadas, por tanto, el método aplicado fue el fenomenológico hermenéutico, y los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron la encuesta para los participantes que son habitantes de las dos parroquias rurales, y entrevistas para los presidentes de las juntas parroquiales de Riochico y Calderón. Como resultado se obtuvo que, por la realización de los festivales gastronómicos, las ventas y el reconocimiento gastronómico de las parroquias tuvo un incremento aportando así al ingreso de las familias que participan del festival, sin embargo, se determinó que el aporte no es significativo en relación a la calidad de vida de los habitantes, por ello se recomienda que se deben realizar más actividades que promuevan el desarrollo socioeconómico de las parroquias.
Ethno-Medicinal Plants Used for Respiratory Disorders among the Igala and Yoruba (Okun) People in Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Dele Owa Frank , Ojone Aniama Salome
Published: September 2023

Respiratory disorders are common problem and cause of death among the Igala and Yoruba (Okun) speaking people of Kogi State due to climatic conditions and scarce health care facilities. The people rely upon the indigenous plant resources to cure various respiratory disorders. The focus for this present study is to document available ethno-medicinal data of plants used for respiratory disorders among the Igala and Yoruba (Okun) speaking people of Kogi State. A total of 84 species belonging to 42 families used to treat respiratory disorders among the Igala and Okun people has been documented. Cough was the disorder treated by the highest number of species followed by asthma, bronchitis, cold, Tonsillitis, Convulsion, Throat infections, Tuberculosis, Epilepsy, Catarrh and then Hiccup respectively. The common plant parts and preparation methods of the medicinal recipes are from leaves, root, seeds, fruit, stem, bark, the whole plant, flower, rhizome, bulb and corm and latex in the form of infusion, decoction, extracts, pastes, juice and or chewed. A sample of 900 respondents from the study areas who have wealth of knowledge in plant use and traditional medicine were drawn using a stratified random sampling technique. A well organized questionnaire was the major source of instrument for data collection. Part of plants and their mode of application will also be sought. It is recommended that detailed phytochemical studies be carried out to ascertain the active ingredients.
Application of Optimization Models in Modification of Nutrient- Chloramphenicol Agar Medium for Use in Selective Isolation of Pseudomonasfluorescens.
Authors: Atemie Wisdom Dawoye , Peekate Lekiah Pedro
Published: September 2023

Commercially available medium for selective isolation of Pseudomonas are relatively expensive. Incorporation of chloramphenicol into nutrient agarhas been used in the selective isolation of Pseudomonasfluorescens. Theaim of this study was to apply optimization in modification of nutrient-chloramphenicol agar medium (NCAM) so as to optimize it for selective isolation of Pseudomonas species. Water sample determined to contain fluorescent greenish-pigment producing bacteria (FGPB) was used for the optimization study. Medium component selected for the optimization process were pH, NaCl concentration (NC), and chloramphenicol concentration (CC), with value ranges of 7.0 – 8.2, 0.5 – 1.0 %, and 40 – 60 ?g/ml, respectively. Fifteen media variations were derived from combination of these ranges using Box-Behnken design matrix,and were used in culturing the water sample for isolation of FGPB. Relationship between obtained proportions of bacterial populations that are FGPB and chosen media components were calculated using polynomial equation for three factors design. Prediction profiles derived from the equation showed that the highest proportion of bacterial populations that are FGPB was achievable at pH, NC, and CC combination values of 7.0, 0.2 %, and 60 ?g/ml, respectively. NCAM with this optimized combination increased the efficiency of selectively isolating FGPB from the water samplefrom 0.008 to 0.011 %. Physicochemical/biochemical testing showed that the FGPBisolates were Pseudomonas fluorescens. It is concluded that NCAM with pH 7.0, NaCl concentration of 0.2 %, and chloramphenicol concentration of 60 ?g/ml can be used for selective isolation of Pseudomonas fluorescens with optimum efficiency.
Before the Windrush
Authors: Giovannetti-Torres Jorge L.
Published: September 2023

This chapter examines the experience of British Antilleans with hostile environments in Cuba and the Dominican Republic during the early twentieth century. It provides relevant knowledge of a wider history of migration to properly contextualize the discrimination against the Black British diaspora before the post–World War II migrations to Britain. The chapter shows how British government officials operated as managers of colonial labor in the Caribbean, disregarding the interests of British Caribbean workers in Hispanic territories and disavowing their claims to British imperial allegiance. The chapter thus bridges a fractured historical narrative that emerged during the 2018 Windrush scandal in Britain, when the lives of postwar Caribbean migrants to the United Kingdom were destroyed by the hostile environment migration policy of the British government.
Sex Trafficking in the Motor City
Authors: Pliley Jessica R.
Published: September 2023

Policymakers in the United States conceived of sex trafficking as a threat to the moral borders of the country. To fight trafficking, the Immigration and Naturalization Service prohibited the migration of people connected to the sex trades, using deportation as punishment for labor migrants cast as undesirable. This essay explores the interaction, and sometimes tension, between detention and carceral systems that resulted from the refusal to look at prostitution as work. Women who migrated across borders to seek income-generating opportunities in different sexual marketplaces faced interlocking criminalizations, even as these women were rendered invisible as workers.
Saving Asian Marriages
Authors: Natarajan Radhika
Published: September 2023

In Europe, debates about the integration of migrants hinge on the status of women. Before the veiled Muslim woman became the dominant figure of anxiety, in Britain, scrutiny focused on Asian wives. My essay examines how nongovernmental social work organizations in Yorkshire conceived of the Asian woman and the forms of welfare they generated to facilitate her integration. The postimperial citizenship regime shaped a predominantly male labor migration of Pakistanis to Britain. With the passage of the 1962 Commonwealth Immigrants Act, the possibility of circular migration closed for working-class men, and wives and children began to journey to Britain to join male relatives. In the context of deindustrialization and a changing labor market, officials argued that the arrival of wives and children would settle Asian men. However, women who did not speak English and stayed in their homes produced a new figure of concern: the isolated Asian wife. Integration programs were deeply gendered and premised on the capacity of the Asian woman to successfully navigate the transition to British modernity while preserving the “traditional” Asian family. Rather than traditionalism being a value internal to Asian societies, this essay argues that the traditional cast of Asian communities was a contingent phenomenon produced by decolonization and deindustrialization in Britain.
Transnational Corporations and the Making of Global Labor Markets
Authors: Andrijasevic Rutvica , Pun Ngai , Sacchetto Devi
Published: September 2023

By focusing on transnational corporations (TNCs) and suggesting that transnational mobility of capital is developing a global labor migration regime, we studied the case of Foxconn in China and Europe. Moving beyond the labor market perspective, we focus on the production sphere, which is engrained in global production networks, and we disclose TNCs’ local production and control regimes as an outcome of firm-specific management practices due to its spatial fixes. By tracking the expansion of Foxconn from China to Europe, we aim to make visible how the current transnationalization of capital reveals the inadequacy of established oppositional topographies whereby China in particular, as inferred by the label “Made in China,” is perceived as opposite to Europe and synonymous with low wages, excessive overtime, and exploitative working conditions. By adopting the analytical lens of mobility, we also challenge the established views in migration literature on the role of the state in controlling migration and tying workers to employers. The state, we suggest, is still an important actor as far as it facilitates capital accumulation by establishing and maintaining differential wage areas for capital to tap into. However, it is the transnational capital and firms’ position in the supply chain, rather than the state, that play a commanding role in directing cross-border migration and in shaping workforce segmentation.
Decent Wages for Decent Work in Asia
Authors: Withers Matt , Piper Nicola
Published: September 2023

International migration is arguably the intractable development challenge of the twenty-first century. Significant shifts in the scale, diversity, and direction of migration flows for work, education, family reunion, and protection have reinvigorated the migration-development debate and commanded global policy attention. Yet, amid these unfurling migration dynamics and the tensions they produce, glaring continuities endure for some of the lowest paid and most vulnerable labor migrants working in the Global South. The most prominent South–South migration corridors are structured around a rigidly circular supply of low-wage labor between less and more developed countries in Asia and characterized by alarmingly poor working conditions and rampant violations of human and labor rights. The entrenched severity of exploitation within these international labor migration regimes undermines much of the apparent promise that migration holds with regard to promoting development. We introduce the concept of a temporality-precarity nexus (TPN) to theorize how the coordinated rotation of a vulnerable reserve army of labor has been integral to processes of uneven development across the Global South. We then present evidence on the wages, recruitment fees, and migration-related indebtedness within major migration corridors in West, East, and Southeast Asia to demonstrate that an array of “mobility costs” associated with temporary labor migration constitute an effective wage penalty for foreign workers. Our analysis suggests there is a significant disjuncture between the optimistic discourse surrounding migration, development, and decent work in the Global South and the evidence to support these claims. Finally, we link our discussion to the International Labour Organization’s decent work agenda and argue the need to bridge principles of “decent work” with the realization of decent wages. To date, advocacy politics from below have driven progress in this respect; equivalent advocacy from above is critical in advancing more equitable labor governance within these migration corridors.
Reconciling Progressive Idealism with Centralized Control
Authors: Yu Kyoung-Hee
Published: September 2023

This chapter examines an apparent paradox in Service Employees International Union (SEIU)’s organizational trajectory. Despite rapidly transforming itself from a decentralized consultative structure to a centralized bureaucracy, SEIU has proved to be an exception in the “iron law of oligarchy” by maintaining its radical ideology. The chapter reveals that innovation and creativity stemmed from the diversity of occupations in different sectors as well as the racial and ethnic diversity in the union’s membership and staff. Despite rapidly centralizing control into the international union, centralized control was seen as a means to build countervailing power rather than as an end in itself. But centralized control poses challenges to union governance and participation, causing internal conflict and limiting the voice of members in general and immigrant workers in particular.
Renewing Union Practices and Strategies
Authors: Hamel-Roy Laurence , Noiseux Yanick
Published: September 2023

This chapter examines Service Employees International Union (SEIU) Local 1’s Sweet $16 campaign in Ontario, Canada. Launched in 2014 with the aim to improve the working conditions of Ontario’s personal support workers (PSWs), the campaign targeted the Ontario government to raise home care workers’ wages from $12.50/hour to $16/hour, a target attained just after two months into the campaign. As this chapter demonstrates, the campaign’s success relied on its strong accountability for PSW’s job specificities, and its strategic and well-crafted public stance framing quality as the essence of PSW’s motivation in home care service work.
James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw’s Joyful Conversion
Authors: Bynum Tara A.
Published: September 2023

This chapter points to a new way of reading Gronniosaw that returns scholarly attention to his narrative. It argues for a reading for Gronniosaw’s narrative as a story of his religious conversion. Gronniosaw chronicles his transformation from sinner to believer as he recalls his encounters with God’s providence: in West Africa, the wilderness, and the Middle Passage as well as a slave in America and a freeman in England. He tells his story in order to teach others what it means to desire after God and to be saved by God. The chapter takes up Gronniosaw’s encounter with reading and demonstrates how his misreading of a prayer book is, ultimately, a setup for his readers to prove their own commitment to God’s salvation.
David Walker’s Good News
Authors: Bynum Tara A.
Published: September 2023

This chapter assumes that David Walker’s anger and his Appeal (1830) are useful tools to mobilize his imagined citizenry toward a new national sensibility. It is the pursuit of this new way of feeling that Walker anticipates will have his imagined brethren feeling good. When his brethren get angry, this chapter argue that then, they can experience the good feeling that comes from fighting for the greater good of humanity. What results from this inspired anger and its resulting pleasures is a new United States where there is no slavery and where Black people can enjoy the privileges of being full citizens
Coda; Or, Reading Pleasures
Authors: Bynum Tara A.
Published: September 2023

The coda returns to a simple fact: Wheatley, Gronniosaw, Marrant and Walker understand that their lives matter. They know this fact to be true. Their writing demonstrates to whom they matter and how much their lives matter despite what tries to render them immaterial. This isn’t simply a lesson in continuity. It is a demonstration of how pleasure informs the writings and legacies of Wheatley, Gronniosaw, Marrant, and Walker; ultimately, pleasure is what helps to make their living matter.
The Missionary Position
Authors: Durban Erin L.
Published: September 2023

This chapter elaborates postcolonial homophobia by tracing the long-term effects of the circulation of the transnational imperialist discourse of Haiti as the perverse premodern land of voodoo. The widespread circulation of these racist representations of Haiti during and after the U.S. occupation generated interest in U.S. missionary work. Evangelical Christianity introduced a kind of religious homophobia to Haiti that has dramatically shifted sexual politics and negatively impacted the material conditions of same-sex-desiring and gender-creative Haitians. This chapter reviews the religious sexual politics of Vodou, Catholicism, and Protestantism to highlight the significance of this shift.
Evangelical Christian Homophobia and the Michèle Pierre-Louis Controversy
Authors: Durban Erin L.
Published: September 2023

This chapter delves into a controversy about a nominee to the position of prime minister of Haiti in 2008. Michèle Duvivier Pierre-Louis was publicly accused of lesbianism and, therefore, of being morally unfit to be the head of government. Haitian feminists considered the tarnishing of Pierre-Louis’s reputation to be a way of keeping women out of leadership, and the Pierre-Louis controversy is also a case study in postcolonial homophobia. The controversy coincided with a flare-up of homophobic violence, a violent backlash against Haitians known or perceived to be same-sex-desiring. Unexpectedly, however, this escalation of homophobic violence coupled with the way that Pierre-Louis responded to the accusations by refusing to either confirm or deny that she is a lesbian, fomenting queer resistance in Haiti.
“Zonbi, Zonbi” at the Ghetto Biennale
Authors: Durban Erin L.
Published: September 2023

This chapter highlights a performance by the Haitian performance troupe Lakou at the 2009 Ghetto Biennale in Port-au-Prince: “Zonbi, Zonbi.” In the performance, Lakou rehearsed and held space for the history of slavery in the colonial period, the Haitian Revolution, and subsequent U.S. interventions during the postcolonial period. “Zonbi, Zonbi” articulated queer politics in the register of Vodou as a medium of anti-imperialist resistance, following Haitian tradition. Lakou’s activist memory/history project reworked the transnational imperialist discourse of Haiti as a premodern land of “Voodoo” through the figure of the zonbi. Lakou’s performance illuminates these histories and argues that the liberation of same-sex-desiring and gender-creative people from postcolonial homophobia is bound up in the liberation of all Haitians from imperialist domination.
Epilogue
Authors: Durban Erin L.
Published: September 2023

In the wake of these events and other reverberations of the interplay between evangelical Christianity and global LGBTQI human rights, the lives of same-sex-desiring and gender-creative Haitians have been lost. With the exception of the violent murder of the Kouraj president in 2019, most of these deaths have been attributed to individual circumstances and barely registered beyond the intimate circles of Haitians in the country and in the diaspora. Following the work of Black Lives Matter activists and scholars who theorize the serialization of Black death, and especially the work of Black feminists, I end by rethinking the material conditions of postcolonial homophobia that have made these lives expendable, expressing my hope that, from our different positions we can all work toward more vital and sustainable futures for same-sex-desiring and gender-creative Haitians.
The Invention of the Closed Shop
Authors: Hulden Vilja
Published: September 2023

This chapter focuses on the rise of the National Association of Manufacturers as the driving force of the employer antiunion or open-shop campaign in the first years of the twentieth century. It first examines the collective action problems faced by the NAM in its efforts to get employers to join its project and the ways in which ideology and rhetoric served to alleviate those problems. It then turns to the dilemma of how to make employer collective action palatable to the general (middle-class) public in an era critical of business. Finally, it discusses how the concept of the closed shop undergirded both efforts, effecting a rhetorical coup that fundamentally shifted the conversation about the labor question.
The Potential and Limitations of the Trade Agreement
Authors: Hulden Vilja
Published: September 2023

This chapter focuses on what the trade agreement meant to the different parties that were interested in it: employers, the American Federation of Labor and other unions, and the National Civic Federation and its secretary, Ralph Easley. It starts with a section examining the rise of the trade agreement as the solution to intractable labor strife. The next section analyzes where the membership requirement (closed shop), whose development was discussed in the preceding chapter, fit into the trade agreement idea, while the subsequent section considers who was left outside its fold, as craft unions tended to slight or exclude unskilled workers, as well as women, Chinese immigrants, and African Americans. The final section considers both left-wing critique (especially by the Industrial Workers of the World) and middle-class apprehensions about the trade agreement system.
The Range and Roots of Employer Positions on Labor
Authors: Hulden Vilja
Published: September 2023

This chapter examines the range of employer views and strategies. It argues that employer strategies reflected industrial position and other structural factors more than they tracked individual employers’ views of unions; most employers wished to minimize the influence of unions, but different social and industrial positions lent themselves to different rhetorical styles and practical approaches. The chapter starts by examining the complex appeal of the National Civic Federation to large corporations that often found themselves the target of criticism. The next section shifts the focus to the National Association of Manufacturers and the industrial characteristics of its member companies (often proprietary firms). The final section juxtaposes different national, regional, and industrial realities to underline that American employers were not that different from their European counterparts.
Employers, Unite?
Authors: Hulden Vilja
Published: September 2023

This chapter starts with an overview of how broad economic and social developments in the late nineteenth century had created a stronger common ground for employer collective action. It then offers two case studies. The first one, on St. Louis, draws on social network analysis to explore the local landscape of upper-middle-class society and to demonstrate the multiple connections between businessmen. The second, on the printers’ strike of 1905–6, which pitted the employer organization Typothetae against the International Typographical Union, examines a case where open-shop employers attempted to build a united multiemployer front against a strong union and suggests that the failure of that effort underlines the limits of employer solidarity.