bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chaotic Characteristics and Application of Cooperative Game and Evolutionary Game
Authors: Yang Yujing , Ma Junhai , Tu Hongliang
Published: March 2014

According to a dynamical multiteam Cournot game in exploitation of a renewable resource, a new dynamic Cournot duopoly game model with team players in exploitation of a renewable resource is built up in this paper. Based on the theory of bifurcations of dynamical systems, the stability of the system is studied and the local stable region of Nash equilibrium point is obtained. The effect of the output adjustment speed parameters and the weight parameter of the system on the dynamic characteristics of the system are researched. The complexity of the system is described via the bifurcation diagrams, the Lyapunov exponents, the phase portrait, the time history diagram, and the fractal dimension. Furthermore, the chaos control of the system is realized by the parameter adjustment method. At last, an evolutionary game as a special dynamic system is constructed and analyzed which is more useful and helpful in application. The derived results have very important theoretical and practical values for the renewable resource market and companies.
Differential Relationships between Set-Shifting Abilities and Dimensions of Insight in Schizophrenia
Authors: Diez-Martin J. , Moreno-Ortega M. , Bagney A. , Rodriguez-Jimenez R. , Padilla-Torres D. , Sanchez-Morla E.M. , Santos J.L. , Palomo T. , Jimenez-Arriero M.A.
Published: March 2014

Background: To assess insight in a large sample of patients with schizophrenia and to study its relationship with set shifting as an executive function. Methods: The insight of a sample of 161 clinically stable, community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia was evaluated by means of the Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD). Set shifting was measured using the Trail-Making Test time required to complete part B minus the time required to complete part A (TMT B-A). Linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the relationships of TMT B-A with different dimensions of general insight. Results: Regression analyses revealed a significant association between TMT B-A and two of the SUMD general components: ‘awareness of mental disorder' and ‘awareness of the efficacy of treatment'. The ‘awareness of social consequences' component was not significantly associated with set shifting. Conclusions: Our results show a significant relation between set shifting and insight, but not in the same manner for the different components of the SUMD general score.
Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to Drugs: From Patients to the National Office for Compensation of Medical Accidents
Authors: Isvy-Joubert Anne , Ingen-Housz-Oro Saskia , Vincent Renaud , Haddad Cynthia , Valeyrie-Allanore Laurence , Chosidow Olivier , Race Jean-Michel , Wolkenstein Pierre
Published: March 2014

Background: Administrative bodies for compensating medical accidents were created in France in 2002. Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge patients with severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) have of procedures and to compare the rate of compensation for SCARs for France and for our referral center. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to 247 patients of our SCARs referral center and 225 patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis from the patient association AMALYSTE. We calculated the rate of compensation for France and our center. Results: Among the 123 respondents (26%), 28 (23%) knew the compensation procedure; 13 (11%) had received compensation. The Commission of Conciliation and Compensation had received 63 applications for SCARs since 2002 and proposed compensation for 56%. The estimated rate of compensation for France was 2.6% and 2.5% for our referral center (p = 0.9). Conclusions: The procedure of compensation for SCARs is misunderstood. Better information should be disseminated for patients with threshold disability conditions.
Association of Co-Occurring Serious Mental Illness with Emergency Hospitalization in People with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: McPherson Sterling , Barbosa-Leiker Celestina , Daratha Kenn , Short Robert , McDonell Michael G. , Alicic Radica , Roll John , Tuttle Katherine
Published: March 2014

Background/Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and serious mental illness (SMI) are both associated with an increased risk for repeated hospitalization. The objective of this study was to determine if co-occurring SMI exacerbates the risk for subsequent hospitalization, particularly through the emergency department (ED), among people with CKD. Methods: People hospitalized in Washington State from April 2006 to December 2008 were separated into cohorts with diagnoses of CKD (n = 31,166), SMI (defined by schizophrenia and/or mood disorder; n = 20,167) or CKD with co-occurring SMI (n = 717), and a reference cohort without either diagnosis (n = 548,532). Main outcomes were rehospitalization for condition(s) other than mental illness: (1) through the ED; (2) any admission, and (3) admission resulting in death. Cox regression was used to analyze time to main outcomes controlling for prespecified covariates associated with rehospitalization. Results: The risk of rehospitalization via the ED was increased for people with CKD (hazard ratio, HR = 1.24, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.21-1.28, p < 0.001) and co-occurring SMI (HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.29-1.38, p < 0.001) cohorts, but was significantly greater in the combined cohort (HR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.40-1.73, p < 0.001). Similarly, the risk of any rehospitalization was increased for CKD (HR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.17-1.25, p < 0.001) and co-occurring SMI (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.11-1.17, p < 0.001) cohorts, while a significantly greater risk was observed for the combined cohort (HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.24-1.48, p < 0.001). The risk of rehospitalization resulting in death was not significantly increased in the combined cohort. Conclusion: In people with CKD, co-occurring SMI increased the risk of experiencing rehospitalization, particularly through the ED. Studies of strategies to address SMI in the CKD population are needed to mitigate the risk of repeat hospital admissions.
A Rare Case of Male Bullous Lupus Erythematosus Complicated with Subsequent Annular Hypopigmentation
Authors: Itoi Saori , Tanemura Atsushi , Tsuji Chie , Kitaba Shun , Yokomi Akinori , Katayama Ichiro , Tateishi Chiharu , Tsuruta Daisuke
Published: March 2014

A 57-year-old male had been suffering from an itchy map-shaped symmetrical erosive erythema with a crust that was attached to his upper arm and buttock, and occasionally he suffered from spiking fever. Laboratory examinations showed neither anti-desmoglein 1/3 antibodies nor anti-BP 180 antibodies, and he fulfilled the criteria for a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Histologically, there was eosinophilic necrosis of keratinocytes, liquefaction and degradation with severe lymphocyte infiltration into the epidermis and subepidermal blister formation, suggestive of a variant of SLE, bullous lupus erythematosus (BLE). One month after remission of BLE, peculiar annular hypopigmentation appeared on the peripheral borders. An immunohistochemical analysis showed a decrease in Melan A-positive melanocytes and concomitant pigment incontinentia, with dense infiltration of CD8+ T cells and IL-17A+ Th17 cells. An ultrastructural analysis revealed a decrease, but not a complete disappearance, of both melanocytes and melanosomes, and no impairment in melanosomal transfer. In this case report, we would like to introduce the development of annular depigmentation complicated with BLE, and discuss the effects of lupus condition on melanocyte damage based on immunohistological and electromicroscopic findings of those vitiliginous lesions.
Immunoadsorption: A New Strategy to Induce Remission in Membranous Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Ulinski Tim , Davourie-Salandre Aurélie , Brocheriou Isabelle , Aoun Bilal
Published: March 2014

We report the case of an 11-year-old previously healthy girl who presented for microscopic hematuria and nephrotic proteinuria with normal renal function, which persisted after 6 months of steroids, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blockers, hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolic acid and a low-salt diet. A serum investigation suggested lupus nephritis and a renal biopsy, performed 2 weeks after the first proteinuria detection, revealed membranous lupus nephritis. We decided to perform ten sessions of daily immunoadsorption. Proteinuria decreased significantly over these ten sessions from 8 to 0.12 g/l. After the tenth immunoadsorption session, the patient received the first rituximab (RTX) infusion leading to complete B-cell depletion. The patient was maintained on ACEi associated with mycophenolic acid and hydroxychloroquine. Three RTX reinjections were performed when CD19-positive cells reappeared in peripheral blood. Despite complete B-cell recovery and positive anti-dsDNA-Ab, the patient remained in complete remission 18 months after the initial diagnosis with negative proteinuria and a normal renal function.
Hemorrhagic Onset of Hemangioblastoma Located in the Dorsal Medulla Oblongata Presenting with Tako-Tsubo Cardiomyopathy and Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema: A Case Report
Authors: Gekka Masayuki , Yamaguchi Shigeru , Kazumata Ken , Kobayashi Hiroyuki , Motegi Hiroaki , Terasaka Shunsuke , Houkin Kiyohiro
Published: March 2014

Here, we present a case of dorsal medulla oblongata hemangioblastoma with fourth ventricular hemorrhage. A 23-year-old female developed sudden consciousness disturbance, and CT revealed hemorrhage in all cerebral ventricles and a hyperdense mass in the cisterna magna. Although the reddish tumor located in the dorsal medulla oblongata was successfully removed, she suffered from severe tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) and neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) because of baroreflex failure and damage to the solitary tract nuclei. After intensive care for 12 weeks following surgery, she was discharged without any neurological or radiological deficits. Pathogenesis of TTC/NPE is discussed in this paper.
Mechanical Discordance of the Left Atrium and Appendage
Authors: Warraich Haider J. , Gandhavadi Maheer , Manning Warren J.
Published: March 2014

Background and Purpose—

Thromboembolism in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) has often been attributed to occult AF. We hypothesized that the surface ECG may not always reflect left atrial appendage (LAA) mechanical function.

Methods—

Transesophageal echocardiographic images from 201 consecutive patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography by a single operator were reviewed. LAA pulse wave Doppler phenotype, ECG rhythm, and mitral valve motion for rhythm of the body of the left atrium and the electronic medical record were reviewed by 3 blinded, independent observers.

Results—

Of 201 patients (63.4±15 years; 61% men) undergoing transesophageal echocardiography, 15 (7.5%) demonstrated LA–LAA discordance including 7 (3.5%) with a sinus rhythm ECG/mitral valve motion and an AF LAA pulse wave Doppler phenotype. Of 24 patients with a clinical history of AF but sinus rhythm ECG, 25% demonstrated a discordant AF LAA pulse wave Doppler phenotype. Compared with concordant AF, the AF discordant group had greater CHA2DS2-VASc (CHADS2, vascular disease, age, sex category;
P
=0.008) and lower LAA ejection velocity (
P
=0.02).

Conclusions—

A quarter of patients with paroxysmal AF demonstrate a prothrombotic AF LAA pulse wave Doppler phenotype, despite concurrent sinus rhythm ECG. These findings provide a novel explanation for ongoing thromboembolism in the paroxysmal AF population, despite apparent ECG maintenance of sinus rhythm.
Effects of fasting and re-feeding on energy metabolism and thermogenesis in the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri)
Authors: Gao Wen-rong , Zhu Wan-long , Zhang Di , Sun Shu-ran , Wang Zheng-kun
Published: March 2014

To investigate the effect of fasting and re-feeding on energy metabolism and thermogenesis in the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri), the changes in body mass and body fat mass, resting metabolic rate (RMR), non-shivering thermogenesis (NST), body composition, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in liver and brown adipose tissue (BAT), uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) content of BAT, serum leptin level and post-fasting food intake were monitored and measured. The results showed that fasting induced a significant reduction in body mass and body fat mass. Body mass was restored to the control level in re-feeding tree shrew except for the body fat. RMR and NST decreased significantly in response to fasting, and returned to the control level after re-feeding. Fasting induced significant reduction in total, but not specific, COX activity (nmol O2/min/total tissue) in liver and BAT, and UCP1 content in BAT, which was reversed after re-feeding 48 h. Fasting of 12 h induced a rapid reduction in serum leptin content. There were no post-fasting compensatory increases in food intake. Interestingly, the tree shrew did not recover adipose tissue mass, nor serum leptin levels, upon re-feeding. These results suggest that T. belangeri can adjust the status of its physiology integratively to cope with the lack of food by means of decreasing body mass, adaptive thermogenesis and serum leptin levels, and serum leptin level acted as a starvation signal to mediate predominantly the reduction in body mass and energy expenditure.
Thermogenic properties of Yunnan red-backed voles (Eothenomys miletus) from the Hengduan mountain region
Authors: Zhu Wan-Long , Zhang Hao , Zhang Lin , Yu Ting-ting , Wang Zheng-Kun
Published: March 2014

Environmental cues, including photoperiod and temperature, play important roles in the adjusting of physiology and behavior in small mammals. In order to determine the contributions of short photoperiod and cold temperatures to seasonal changes in body mass and thermogenesis in Eothenomys miletus, body mass as well as several physiological, hormonal, and biochemical markers (indicative of thermogenic capacity) were examined in seasonally-acclimatized and lab-acclimated animals. Hereby we test our hypothesis that E. miletus can adjust body mass and thermogenesis capacity to survival in winter or short photoperiod and cold temperatures. The results showed that E. miletus adapted to winter by decreasing body mass, and this change was mimicked by exposing animals to cold temperatures and short photoperiod in the lab. E. miletus increased energy intake and thermogenesis and decreased body fat mass and serum leptin levels in winter or under cold temperatures, but not under short photoperiod. Protein contents and uncoupling protein 1 contents of brown adipose tissue increased significantly in winter or at cold temperatures, but not under short photoperiod. Together, these data suggest that the observed physiological regulations from the organismal, hormonal levels to the cellular level of E. miletus are critically important and allow E. miletus to successfully overcome the physiological challenges of a cold environment in winter by increasing thermogenic capacity, energy intake and decreasing body mass and body fat mass. It seems that E. miletus is more sensitive to cold temperatures and leptin may play a potential role in seasonal regulation of body mass and thermogenesis.
Responsiveness or Influence? Whom to Lobby in International Climate Change Negotiations
Authors: Betzold Carola
Published: March 2014

Abstract

This article analyzes the lobbying behavior of nongovernmental organizations (ngos) during international climate change negotiations.2 With limited resources, these ngos need to strategically invest their resources to maximize impact. A key decision concerns the target of lobbying efforts: Whom do ngos lobby, and why? Two possible explanations are contrasted: influence and responsiveness. Accordingly, ngos can focus on responsive targets that are likely to bring ngo input to the table or they can focus on influential targets whose voice is heard at the negotiation table. These two explanations are tested using data from a survey of ngos active in international climate change negotiations. I find that ngos strategically target their lobbying efforts, approaching both responsive and, more importantly, influential delegations. However, given that ngos primarily contact their home delegation, as well as the president of the negotiation session, further information on the nature and content of contacts between ngos and government delegations is necessary for understanding ngo-government interactions in international climate change negotiations.
Negotiation Breakthrough Analysis: The Case of Climate Negotiations
Authors: Bjola Corneliu
Published: March 2014

Abstract

The article addresses an important gap in the literature on climate negotiations, namely, the question of breakthroughs: what exactly counts as breakthroughs in climate negotiations, how do you measure them empirically, and what practical implications do they have for the negotiation process? To address these questions, the article draws on market trading theory and develops a framework of negotiation breakthrough analysis for defining, recognizing and measuring negotiation breakthroughs. The article argues that breakthroughs in climate negotiations occur when the outcomes breach the resistance or support level of parties’ expectations regarding the results of climate talks. It concludes with a discussion of the broader contributions that technical analysis can make to the theory and practice of international negotiations.
The Consequences of Turkey Being the ‘Continuing’ State of the Ottoman Empire in Terms of International Responsibility for Internationally Wrongful Acts
Authors: Dumberry Patrick
Published: March 2014

The present article examines whether the modern State of Turkey (which was officially proclaimed in 1923) can be held responsible under international law for internationally wrongful acts which were committed by the Ottoman Empire against the Armenian population during and shortly after World War I. The first part examines whether Turkey should be considered as the ‘continuing’ State of the Ottoman Empire or whether it should instead be deemed as a ‘new’ State. Part 2 will examine the legal consequences in terms of international responsibility for considering Turkey as the ‘continuing’ State of the Ottoman Empire. This will include an examination of case law and State practice in the context of secession and cession of territory. The conclusion is that Turkey should be held responsible for all internationally wrongful acts committed by the Ottoman Empire (including acts of genocide) which were committed before its disintegration.
Restoration of Historical Memory and Dignity for Victims of the Armenian Genocide
Authors: Wilson Richard J.
Published: March 2014

This article argues that United Nations human rights principles and new developments in the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the European Court of Human Rights suggest a route to provide effective reparation through restoration of historical memory and dignity for victims of the Armenian Genocide.
An Attempt to Recover Armenian Properties in Turkey through the French Authorities in Syria and Lebanon in the 1920s
Authors: Tachjian Vahé
Published: March 2014

On 27 October 1932, France and Turkey signed in Ankara a convention concerning the question of properties owned on the one side by Turkish citizens within Syria’s and Lebanon’s borders and on the other by Lebanese and Syrian citizens within Turkey. At that time France was the mandatory power over Syria and Lebanon, and these two countries contained the greatest number of refugee Armenians who were previously Ottoman citizens. Did the agreement mean that the Armenians could recover their confiscated properties in Turkey? In fact, the French side, under intense pressure from Ankara, ultimately decided to exclude the Armenian issue from the Franco-Turkish negotiations. This article examines the history of the French-Turkish negotiations, the Armenian expectations, and the secret agreements leading to the exclusion of the Armenians from the final convention.
The Notion of ‘Continuous Violations’, Expropriated Armenian Properties, and the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Mégret Frédéric
Published: March 2014

This article examines the potential for litigation relating to Armenian properties confiscated following the Armenian Genocide before the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). It finds that the ECtHR’s lack of retroactive jurisdiction is a priori an obstacle but that the concept of ‘continuous violation’ may be of assistance, even though expropriation is typically considered an ‘instantaneous violation.’ Nonetheless, the article concludes with a few thoughts on how the ‘actuality’ of expropriations, as well as their unique character in relation to the commission of a genocide, might nonetheless warrant an exceptional assertion of jurisdiction that would be consonant with victims’ right to an effective remedy under international human rights law.
The Role of the Protestant Church in the US Refugee Resettlement Program during the Early Cold War Era: The Methodist Case
Authors: Chiba Hiromi
Published: March 2014

Abstract

The active involvement of Christian churches in the us refugee resettlement program originated and evolved soon after World War ii. Refugee relief was an instrument of America’s Cold War strategy. At the same time, the humanitarian and missionary impulses of American churches, which were at work independent of the diplomatic cause, provided impetus for their relief activities. While the state created the legislative framework, churches played a leading part in arranging and implementing the resettlement, sometimes lobbying and negotiating with the government. This paper, through a focus on the Methodist experience, examines how the American Protestant church reacted to the massive refugee problem, and discusses the missiology behind its participation in the resettlement program. Historical records reveal that the churches sponsored a sizable number of refugees with different traditions or faiths, encouraging a multicultural attitude leading to a more pluralistic identity. Sponsorship meant a test to follow a call to good neighborliness. This study thus rediscovers and assesses missions’ contribution to this internationalist endeavor.
Refugees as Guests and Hosts: Towards a Theology of Mission among Refugees and Asylum Seekers
Authors: Langmead Ross
Published: March 2014

Abstract

This article aims to develop a theology of mission in the context of refugees and asylum seekers, using the Australian situation as an illustration. It suggests that hospitality is the most appropriate approach to such a theology of mission. Ten dimensions of hospitality are explored: defense of human rights, political action, settlement assistance, sanctuary, being welcoming multicultural churches, intercultural learning, interfaith dialogue, awareness of the ethics of welcome, meals and personal friendship, and openness to a transforming divine presence.
Arminius on Justification
Authors: Fesko John Valero
Published: March 2014

Much attention has been drawn to Jacob Arminius’s (1560–1609) views on predestination, especially given the eventual rejection of those views by the Synod of Dort (1618–1619). However what some may not realize is that Arminius’s doctrine of justification, especially as it relates to the role and function of faith, was also a source of contention. Historically Reformed theologians viewed faith as purely instrumental in justification, whereas Arminius construed it as foundational. The difference between the two positions can be illustrated in the difference between two prepositions: justification per (through or by) faith vs. justification propter (on account of) faith. Arminius’s views were subsequently rejected by three Reformed confessions, the Canons of Dort, the Irish Articles (1615), and the Westminster Confession (1647). This essay therefore argues, pace much of the recent literature on the subject, that Arminius’s doctrine of justification is Protestant, in that it is not Roman Catholic, but it is not Reformed according to the definitions set forth by its historic confessions—this is a historical judgment, not a dogmatic one.
A Shot in the Foot
Authors: Harinck George
Published: March 2014

Historiography of the Netherlands 1945–1970 leaves one with the impression that the church as an actor in society had already acknowledged that it was obsolete. The role of the church in these decades is above all a passive one: at first the church does not do anything of importance within society, and subsequently it is abandoned by it. This impression overlooks the fact that the church—Catholic as well as Protestant, but this article is focused on the two largest Dutch Protestant denominations—changed its attitude towards society in these decades immensely. From institutions that sustained the societal order they became its major critic, calling for justice in a welfare state that blurred moral boundaries. This change is most clear in the new role the diaconie [the social welfare work of the church] assumed. Now the welfare state took care of the material needs of the destitute, the diaconie focused on social and also counter-cultural church social welfare work. The churches’ criticism of especially Protestant civil society ultimately achieved the opposite of what it was aiming for: in the hope that they could change the character of society and under their influence bring about salvation, their criticism led externally to a further weakening and a greater invisibility of the church in society. The churches’ new role engendered much debate in the 1960s in and outside the churches, but the result was increasing isolation. This became visible when members started to leave the church en masse in the 1960s and 1970s. The abandonment of the churches in favour of society that occurred during the 1960s and 1970s was preceded by the churches’ rejection of that very same society. In other words, the churches were not overcome by this reversal of fortune, but had themselves provoked it.
AN AMERICAN ANOMALY? ON THE ICJ’S SELECTIVE READING OF UNITED STATES PRACTICE IN JURISDICTIONAL IMMUNITIES OF THE STATE
Authors: Pavoni Riccardo
Published: March 2014

The ICJ’s treatment of US practice translates into one of the most controversial aspects of the Jurisdictional Immunities judgment. The Court’s approach was elusive and patchy. Certain key decisions by US courts in the field of sovereign immunity were patently neglected, while others were addressed in a misleading manner. This article examines the Court’s citations and omissions relating to US practice, with respect to both the jus cogens and tort exception arguments advanced by Italy in defense of its Ferrini jurisprudence denying immunity when the defendant State is accused of egregious breaches of human rights. The article also enquires into the possible reasons at the root of the Court’s inadequate assessment of US practice. It takes the view that the Court’s dismissive attitude vis-à-vis the anomalous American experience casts doubt over the judgment’s reliability and persuasiveness as an accurate reflection of the contemporary law of State immunity.
Amaranthus gangeticus (Amaranthaceae), a name incertae sedis
Authors: Iamonico Duilio
Published: March 2014

As part of the revision of the genus Amaranthus Linnaeus (1753: 989) for the treatment of Amaranthaceae Jussieu for the Euro+Med PlantBase project (Iamonico, in prep.), and the typification work on the Linnaean names in this family (e.g., Iamonico 2012, 2013, 2014a, 2014b, Iamonico & Jarvis 2012, Iamonico & Del Pino 2014), it has been necessary to establish the identity of A. gangeticus Linnaeus (1759: 1268), especially in comparison with the related taxa included in the A. tricolor Linnaeus (1753: 989) aggregate (Iamonico 2014a).
On the genus Hydrometra Latreille (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Hydrometridae) from India with description of two new species
Authors: JEHAMALAR E. EYARIN , CHANDRA KAILASH
Published: March 2014

Two new species of the genus Hydrometra Latreille, 1796, are described from the Oriental Region. Hydrometra cherukolensis sp. nov. is described from Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India, belongs to the Hydrometra julieni species group, and is closely related to H. julieni Hungerford & Evans, 1934 and H. julienoidea Polhemus & Polhemus, 1995. Hydrometra nicobarensis sp. nov. is described from the Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve (GNBR), Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India, belongs to the Hydrometra lineata species group and this new species is closely related to H. borneensis Zettel & Yang, 2004. Hydrometra okinawana Drake, 1951, collected from GNBR, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and is the first record for India. Hydrometra butleri Hungerford & Evans, 1934, is redescribed and notes on H. greeni Kirkaldy, 1898 are given. All together five species of Hydrometra, H. butleri, H. cherukolensis sp. nov., H. greeni, H. nicobarensis sp. nov. and H. okinawana are reported in the present study from India. A key to the species of Hydrometra of India and the distribution maps are also provided.
Review of the genus Susuacanga (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae)
Authors: BOTERO R. JUAN PABLO
Published: March 2014

The genus Susuacanga Martins, 1997 is redescribed. A new combination, S. blancaneaui (Bates, 1880) comb. nov. and a new synonymy, Eburia unicolor Bates, 1870 = S. octoguttata (Germar, 1821) are proposed. The genus is now composed of 12 species. The geographical distribution of S. opaca is expanded to include Belize. Photographs of Susuacanga species are included and a key to differentiate them is provided.
Intrageneric phylogenetics based on mitochondrial DNA variation among fifteen harpactorine assassin bugs with four ecotypes and three morphs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae)
Authors: AMBROSE DUNSTON P. , LENIN E. AROCKIA , KIRUBA D. ANGELINE
Published: March 2014

Available mitochondrial DNA sequences viz., 16S, Cyt b, Cyt c oxidase subunit – I, and Cyt c subunit-like – I gene of Rhynocoris (Kolenati) species were subjected to phylogenetic analysis to understand the intrageneric and intraspecific variations and the role of geographical isolation on speciation; using CLUSTAL W in MEGA version 5.1. This analysis includes fifteen species and four ecotypes of R. kumarii Ambrose and Livingstone and three morphs of R. marginatus (Fabricius) from four countries viz., Canada, China, Korea, and South Africa. The pairwise genetic distances were calculated and phylograms were constructed using Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony, and Neighbor-Joining methods. These preliminary analyses not only demarcated the fifteen species of Rhynocoris, the four ecotypes of R. kumarii, and the three morphs of R. marginatus, but also revealed phylogenetic relationships and the role of geographical isolation and polymorphism on speciation.
Two new species and a new record of Anacroneuria (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Central Brazil
Authors: BISPO PITÁGORAS DA CONCEIÇÃO , COSTA LUCAS DE SOUZA MACHADO , NOVAES MARCOS CARNEIRO
Published: March 2014

We studied specimens of Anacroneuria (Plecoptera: Perlidae) collected from the region of Goiás City, Goiás State, Brazil. Two new species of Anacroneuria, A. meloi Bispo & Novaes and A. corae Bispo & Novaes are described and A. debilis (Pictet) is recorded for the first time from Goiás State.
A 2-Year Follow-Up of Oxidative Stress Levels in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Abe Naoyuki , Kashima Yuichiro , Izawa Atsushi , Motoki Hirohiko , Ebisawa Souichiro , Miyashita Yusuke , Imamura Hiroshi , Ikeda Uichi
Published: March 2014

We sought to determine whether serial measurements of oxidative stress levels could serve as a predictive marker for cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Biological antioxidant potential (BAP) levels were measured at admission and at 6, 12, and 24 months in 69 patients with STEMI. The CV events abruptly increased 6 to 10 months after successful percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI, and the 6-month BAP levels were significantly lower in patients with CV events (2456 μmol/L [interquartile range: 2237-2615 μmol/L]) than in those without (2849 μmol/L [2575-2987 μmol/L], P < .001). A decreased 6-month BAP level was an independent and significant predictor of long-term CV events (hazard ratio = 2.45; 95% confidence intervals 1.10-5.78; P = .04). Our findings suggest that serial changes in antioxidant capacity, assessed by BAP levels, may serve as a predictive marker for CV events after STEMI.
Bronchial Artery Pseudoaneurysm as an Unsuspected Cause of Hemoptysis in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Patel Rusha , Uchida Derek , Feola G. Peter , Meier Jeremy D.
Published: March 2014

Objective:

Hemoptysis in the pediatric population may be caused by foreign body aspiration, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, or infection. Vascular causes are uncommon. We present a rare cause of hemoptysis related to a bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm.

Methods:

We report the case of a child with a bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm causing hemoptysis and describe the clinical evaluation, treatment, and outcome.

Results:

A 12-year-old girl presented to a tertiary children’s hospital with a history of daily, intermittent, moderate-volume hemoptysis. Rigid bronchoscopy showed a fresh clot occluding the right bronchus intermedius. Computed tomography angiogram was concerning for mild external vascular compression of the right mainstem bronchus. A bronchial arteriogram showed a right mid-bronchial pseudoaneurysm, which was embolized without complication. On repeat bronchoscopy, thrombus was removed from the bronchus intermedius with no new active bleeding. The patient was discharged in stable condition and did not have any more episodes of hemoptysis. Additional medical work-up did not reveal another source of the patient’s bleeding.

Conclusion:

Hemoptysis in the pediatric population can be inflammatory, infectious, or due to systemic disease. Although extremely rare, bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm should be considered in cases of moderate to severe intermittent hemoptysis without another identifiable cause. Bronchial angiography can be both diagnostic and therapeutic.
Compensatory Laryngeal Function and Airway Protection in Children Following Airway Reconstruction
Authors: Miller Claire Kane , Kelchner Lisa N. , de Alarcon Alessandro , Willging J. Paul
Published: March 2014

Objectives:

Laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) procedures for repair of complex congenital or acquired airway stenosis of the larynx and/or trachea in pediatric patients have advanced over recent decades. The aim of the present project was to investigate the relationships among diagnoses, type of surgical intervention, and laryngeal findings in a post-LTR patient cohort to identify factors associated with adequate airway protection and swallowing outcomes.

Methods:

A retrospective review of 30 airway patients undergoing simultaneous or close interval functional laryngeal and swallowing examinations was completed. Analyses of the data were performed to examine factors associated with postoperative airway protection and swallowing function. The patient cohort was separated into 2 groups according to the adequacy of their airway protection (aspiration and no aspiration) as judged by clinicians via instrumental examination.

Results:

Data analyses revealed statistically significant differences between the 2 groups for 3 key parameters: laryngeal closure, laryngeal closure timeliness (relative to bolus flow), and overall swallowing coordination.

Conclusions:

These findings contribute to the knowledge of laryngeal closure patterns present in patients undergoing airway reconstruction and the effect on the essential laryngeal function of airway protection during swallowing. Implications of the data for swallowing function in this population are discussed.
Vocal Process Granulomas
Authors: Karkos Petros D. , George Michael , Van Der Veen Jan , Atkinson Helen , Dwivedi Raghav C. , Kim Dae , Repanos Costa
Published: March 2014

Objectives:

Vocal process granulomas (VPGs) are benign laryngeal lesions with controversial treatment and a tendency to recur. There are several treatment options with unpredictable results, high recurrence rates, and disappointing long-term outcome. The aims of this article are to focus on evidence-based current treatment strategies for primary lesions and recurrences.

Data Sources:

The data came from a systematic review of the literature.

Methods:

Main outcome measures were recurrence rate, reduction, and/or complete resolution. Inclusion criteria included English literature, randomized and nonrandomized trials, prospective and retrospective studies, and primary and recurrent cases. Exclusion criteria included case reports, teaching reviews, and papers not focusing on treatment.

Results:

The time frame of the included studies was from 1997 to 2012. There are 6 different treatment options (single or combined) for VPG. Antireflux medication is the mainstay treatment and when combined with lifestyle changes and voice therapy results in the lowest recurrence rate. “Bloodless” in-office or in-theater laser techniques appear to have lower recurrence rates when compared to traditional cold steel microlaryngoscopy techniques, especially for recurrences.

Conclusions:

There is level 2A evidence that antireflux treatment is the main treatment strategy for vocal process granulomas with surgery reserved only for failures of medical treatment or airway obstruction or when diagnosis is in doubt.
Retrograde Air Escape via the Nasolacrimal System
Authors: Singh Narinder Pal , Walker Robbie James Eades , Cowan Fiona , Davidson Arthur Craig , Roberts David Newton
Published: March 2014

Background:

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard treatment for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Eye-related side effects of CPAP are commonly attributed to a poorly sealed mask, allowing leaked air to blow over the eye.

Cases:

We present 3 cases where attended polysomnography (A-PSG) demonstrated CPAP-associated retrograde air escape via the nasolacrimal system (CRANS) in the absence of any mask leaks. Symptoms included dry eye, epiphora, air escape from the medial canthus, and eyelid flutter. Symptoms were controlled with a variety of surgical and nonsurgical techniques.

Conclusions:

CRANS represents a previously undescribed clinical entity. CRANS may be responsible for some CPAP-related eye side effects and possibly for rarer secondary eye complications, including conjunctivitis and corneal ulceration. CRANS should be suspected in any patient on CPAP complaining of eye symptoms. CRANS may be diagnosed through careful observation during A-PSG and confirmed by performing a “saline bubble test.” Management options include nonsurgical (mask alternatives, humidification, nasopharyngeal airway) and surgical techniques (nasal airway surgery, inferior turbinate out-fracture and adhesion, injection of bulking agent around Hasner’s valve).
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Curcumin in Experimentally Induced Acute Otitis Media in Rats
Authors: Birdane Leman , Muluk Nuray Bayar , Cingi Cemal , Burukoglu Dilek , Fidan Vural , İncesulu Armagan
Published: March 2014

Objectives:

We investigated the effect of curcumin (CMN) in the treatment of experimentally induced acute otitis media (AOM) in rats.

Method:

Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley female rats were used, yielding 64 temporal bones. Group 1 was the control group. For groups 2 to 4, AOM was induced experimentally, and saline, antibiotics (sulbactam-ampicillin), or CMN were administered for 14 days to groups 2, 3, and 4, respectively. During the histological examination, thickening of the tympanic membrane, damage to the epithelium, inflammation, and sclerosis were evaluated.

Results:

The AOM+antibiotic and AOM+CMN groups exhibited reduced histological damage compared with the AOM+saline group. No significant differences in thickening of the tympanic membrane or damage to the epithelium or inflammation were observed between the AOM+antibiotic and the AOM+CMN groups. However, the sclerosis values of the AOM+CMN group were significantly lower than those of the AOM+antibiotic group.

Conclusion:

CMN treatment resulted in similar effects on the experimentally induced AOM model as did the antibiotic treatment. The efficacy of this treatment may be related to its effects on the production of various inflammatory cytokines. In light of the worldwide increase in antibiotic resistance and the mild side effects of CMN, we suggest that CMN therapy may be a promising option in AOM treatment.
‘It’s my money’: Social class and the perception of remittances among Bangladeshi migrants in Japan
Authors: Mahmud Hasan
Published: March 2014

This study recognizes migrants’ perception of remittances as shaped by their class position both in the home and destination countries. Following Max Weber’s idea that individuals’ rationality is produced in their sociocultural context, this ethnographic inquiry among a group of Bangladeshi temporary migrants in Japan demonstrates how their interests interact with the structural opportunities and constraints in developing a distinct perception of remittances as a means towards higher social status. Opportunities to earn higher income motivated middle-class families in Bangladesh to send their sons abroad, who persevered in low-class jobs in Japan. While supporting the families through remitting, these migrants became aware that their future social status would depend primarily on their own career in Bangladesh rather than family background. Hence, they began to perceive remittance as a productive capital to develop their future careers. This article argues that their middle-class social position led these migrants to espouse an individualistic orientation and encouraged them to negotiate with their families regarding remittance utilization to ensure both income and prestige. Thus, it highlights the importance of including the migrants’ social position in studying migrants’ perception of remittances and the impact of remittances on development in the migrants’ home countries.
The Good Funeral and the Empty Tomb
Authors: Lynch Thomas
Published: March 2014

Because the defining truth of Christianity is the empty tomb (John 19:38–42), our theology is shaped by our eschatology, by our best hopes for the living and the dead. The “good funeral” is therefore an exercise in eschatology. It is the way we serve the living by caring for the dead.
Relationships Between Humor Styles and Family Functioning in Parents of Children With Disabilities
Authors: Rieger Alicja , McGrail J. Patrick
Published: March 2014

The humor styles and family functioning of parents of children with disabilities are understudied subjects. This study seeks to shed quantitative light on these areas. Seventy-two parents of children with disabilities completed the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES IV) and the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ). The FACES IV measured several dimensions of family functioning: cohesion, flexibility, communication, and satisfaction. Cohesion and flexibility were variously scored to indicate whether a balanced or unbalanced propensity for these existed within the family. The HSQ was used to examine whether two adaptive styles of humor (affiliative and self-enhancing) and two maladaptive styles of humor (aggressive and self-defeating), were associated with balanced and unbalanced cohesion and flexibility, as well as with the presence of communication and satisfaction. The most significant results indicated a persistent correlation between prosocial humor styles and family communication and satisfaction. Further exploratory research is urged.
Triple hanging in filicide-suicide: An unusual case report
Authors: Behera C , Rautji Ravi , Sikary Asit K , Kumar Rajesh , Vidua Raghvendra K , Millo Tabin , Gupta S K
Published: March 2014

Filicide-suicide is a special category of homicide-suicide event where the victim(s) are children and the perpetrator is one of the parents or both. It is not extensively documented or adequately defined in literature. In developed countries, shooting is a common method of homicide and suicide. Uses of knives, blunt objects, strangulation, poisoning and drowning are other methods frequently employed by the perpetrator. Homicide by hanging in filicide-suicide is rarely reported in forensic literature. We present a rare case of filicide-suicide, where the mother killed both her children by hanging them one by one from a ceiling fan in the same room and later committed suicide by hanging in another room.
Fatal laryngeal oedema in an adult from an air rifle injury, and related ballistics
Authors: Radojevic Nemanja , Cukic Dragana , Curovic Ivana , Golubovic Mileta
Published: March 2014

Air guns (air pistols and rifles) are already recognized as being potentially lethal. The diabolo pellet has a calibre of .177 (4.5 mm), a 1250 fps velocity, is high energetic, and is most commonly used in such weapons. In the presented case, the victim sustained an air rifle injury to the neck. The pellet passed through the thyroid cartilage, subsequently causing the extensive laryngeal swelling with haematoma around the pellet channel which fatally obstructed the airway. It is estimated microscopically that at least a number of hours must have passed from the injury to the time of death. For this case, a shooting distance was estimated by using experimental shooting values compared to physics formulas for accelerated motion. The case under question has confirmed an applicable legal approach that can be utilized by countries to classify air rifles as being as harmful as other firearms, especially those with high muzzle velocities.
Retinal haemorrhages associated with fatal paediatric infections
Authors: Salvatori Marcus C. , Lantz Patrick E.
Published: March 2014

For many physicians, retinal haemorrhages (RHs) in infants and young children remain highly diagnostic of non-accidental (abusive) head trauma. Because clinicians have applied indirect ophthalmoscopy selectively to cases of suspected child abuse, the association between RH and other conditions such as infection, coagulopathy and accidental trauma has encountered habitual bias, creating the potential for iatrogenic misdiagnosis of child abuse. We present an autopsy case series of four children, aged three years old or younger, in whom RHs were detected by post-mortem monocular indirect ophthalmoscopy after the patients had died from infections. We discuss the laterality, number, type and location of RHs in these cases, and summarize proposed mechanisms of RH formation in fatalities from paediatric infection. We demonstrate that many of the ophthalmological findings that have been considered diagnostic of abusive head trauma can also occur in association with infective processes.