bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Öğretmenlerin Bireysel Yenilikçilikleriyle Öğrenci Merkezli Öğretim Yöntem ve Tekniklerini Kullanmaya Yönelik Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇETİN Abdullah
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin
bireysel yenilikçilik algı düzeyleri ile öğrenci
merkezli öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri kullanmaya yönelik tutum düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir.
Araştırma nicel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan ilişkisel tarama modelinde
yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini,2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında Kahramanmaraş
il merkezinde görev yapan öğretmenler oluştururken araştırmanın örneklemini farklı
okul türlerinde görev yapan 212 kadın ve 236 erkek olmak üzere toplam 448
öğretmen oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veriler “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Bireysel
Yenilikçilik Ölçeği (BYÖ)” ve “Öğrenci
Merkezli Öğretim Yöntem ve Tekniklerini Kullanmaya Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği (ÖMÖYTKYTÖ)”
kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS 21 paket
programı kullanılmıştır. Öğretmenlerinin bireysel yenilikçilik ve öğrenci merkezli yöntem ve teknikleri kullanmaya
ilişkin tutum düzeylerinin frekans,
aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapmaları değerleri hesaplanmıştır.
Öğretmenlerinin bireysel yenilikçilik ve öğrenci
merkezli yöntem ve teknikleri kullanmaya ilişkin tutum düzeyleri arasındaki olası ilişkiyi ortaya
çıkarmak için Pearson-Moment Çarpımı Korelâsyonu yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Öğretmenlerin bireysel yenilikçi olmalarının öğrenci merkezli yöntem ve teknikleri kullanma
tutumlarını yordayıp  yordamadığına ilişkin ise çoklu regresyon
analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğretmenlerin bireysel yenilikçilik
düzeylerinin ve öğrenci
merkezli öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri kullanmaya yönelik tutum düzeylerinin “katılıyorum” düzeyde olduğu
görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin bireysel yenilikçi oluşları ile öğrenci merkezli yöntem ve teknikleri kullanmaya
yönelik tutumları arasında
orta düzeyde, pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Öğretmenlerin bireysel yenilikçi olmaları, öğrenci merkezli öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri
kullanma tutumlarını
anlamlı bir şekilde yordamakta ve toplam varyansın %42’sini açıklamaktadır.
Abdurrahman Sadi'nin Tatar Edebiyatı Tarihi Adlı Eserinde Kayyum Nasırî
Authors: DEMİRCİ Metin
Published: April 2020

Kayyum Nasırî Türk dünyası, Tatar düşünce hayatı, dil ve edebiyatı için önemli bir isimdir. Türkiye'de gerektiği kadar bilinmese, eserleri Türkiye Türkçesine aktarılmasa da Nasırî ile ilgili birtakım çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Çağatay (1952), Maraş ve Türkoğlu (2002), Nasırî hakkında bilgiler vermektedir. İnternet ortamında da Roza Kurban'ın yazdığı çeşitli yazılar görülmektedir. Son yapılan çalışmalardan biri de doğumunun 190. yılı münasebetiyle 15 Mayıs 2015'te TÜRKSOY vasıtasıyla Hacettepe Üniversitesi bünyesinde düzenlenen Kayyum Nasırî Anma Sempozyumu'dur. Sempozyuma yurt içinden ve yurt dışından birçok değerli akademisyen katılmıştır. Sempozyumda Biner, Zamaletdinova, Gilazov, Türkoğlu, Yusupova, Demirci, Husnutdinov tarafından bildiriler sunulmuştur. 2017'de Çağdaş Türklük Araştırmaları Sempozyumu'nda da Nasırî ile ilgili Alışık, Shahgoli tarafından birer bildiri sunulmuştur. Kayyum Nasırî ile ilgili Abdurrahman Sadi'nin edebiyat tarihinde detaylı bilgilere ulaşmak mümkündür. Abdurranman Sadi’nin Tatar Edebiyatı Tarihi Tataristan Devlet Neşriyatında 1926 yılında basılmış, derslerde kullanmak için ve kaynak olarak kullanılmak üzere hazırlanmış bir edebiyat tarihidir. Bu edebiyat tarihi Arap harfli ve Tatarca yazılmıştır. Bahsedilen sempozyumda Abdurrahman Sadi'nin Tatar Edebiyat Tarihi'nden yararlanılarak tarafımızdan bir bildiri sunulmuştur. Aldığımız bilgiler tarafımızdan Arap harfli, Tatarca yazılan bu eserin tamamı taranarak aktarma yoluyla okura sunulmuştur. Gerekli yerlerde açıklamalara, karşılaştırmalara ve çeşitli değerlendirmelere yer verilmiştir.
Sosyal Girişimcilik Becerilerinin Kazandırılmasında Bir Araç Olarak Yaratıcı Dramaya Yönelik Algılar
Authors: GİRGİN Derya , AKCANCA Nur
Published: April 2020

Öğretmen adaylarının sosyal girişimcilik becerilerinin kazandırılmasında bir araç olarak yaratıcı dramaya ilişkin analojiler geliştirmeleri amaçlanan bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden bütüncül tek durum deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler, Temel Eğitim Bölümü’ne devam eden amaçlı örneklem yöntemiyle belirlenen 90 öğretmen adayından analoji geliştirme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Adayların geliştirmiş olduğu analojiler; kaynak kavram ve hedef kavram arasındaki ilişki, sunum şekli, soyutlanma düzeyi, zenginlik durumu bakımından sınıflandırılmıştır. Araştırmada güvenirliğin sağlanması için veriler arası karşılaştırma yapılmış, araştırmacılar arasındaki güvenirlik oranı %88 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının sosyal girişimcilik becerilerinin kazandırılmasında bir araç olarak yaratıcı drama kavramına yönelik geliştirdikleri analojilerin sınıflama biçimlerine göre tamamının sözel analojiler olduğu, basit analoji, yapısal analoji ve somut-soyut analojilerin sayıca fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada öğretmen adaylarının sınırlı çeşitlilikte geliştirmiş oldukları analojiler irdelendiğinde, soyut bir kavram olan sosyal girişimcilik kavramını aktif bir yöntem olan yaratıcı drama ile ilişkilendirme noktasında sorun yaşadıklarını, sosyal girişimciliğin çok boyutlu yapısını tam olarak kavrayamadıkları görülmektedir. Araştırma sonuçları çerçevesinde hizmet öncesinde öğretmen adaylarının sosyal girişimcilik konusunda donanımlı yetiştirilmesi için yaratıcı drama gibi etkileşimli tekniklerin kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması ve uygulamalı eğitimler ile farkındalık oluşturulması önerilmektedir.
Brıcs-T Ülkelerinde Finansal Gelişmenin Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkisi
Authors: ERGÜR Halil , ÖZEK Yavuz
Published: April 2020

Finansal gelişme ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki etkileşim iktisat teorisinde teorik ve ampirik olarak sıkça tartışılan bir konudur. Bu çalışmada 1988-2017 arası dönemde gelişmekte olan ülkeler arasında yer alan Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin, Güney Afrika ve Türkiye ekonomilerinde finansal gelişme ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki panel veri analiz yöntemi ile test edilmiştir. Ampirik bulgular sonucunda, panelin tamamı için kısa dönemde arz itişli ve uzun dönemde geri besleme hipotezlerinin geçerli olduğu görülmektedir. Paneli oluşturan ülkeler açısından Çin ekonomisinde geri besleme hipotezinin, Brezilya ekonomisinde ise talep itişli hipotezin geçerli olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
İngilizce Dersi Test Maddelerinde Resim Kullanımının Test ve Madde Psikometrik Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: ÖZSU Miray , CAN Niyazi
Published: April 2020

Sınıf içi değerlendirme ve ulusal sınavlarda sıklıkla kullanılan çoktan seçmeli maddeler, kök ve seçeneklerden oluşmaktadır. Bu maddelerin kökleri incelendiğinde farklı disiplinler için resim veya grafik gibi farklı ögelerin eklendiği görülmektedir. Özellikle yabancı dil sınavlarındaki çoktan seçmeli maddelerde kökte bulunan resmin madde kökünü ve cevabı açıklayıcı amaç için kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada İngilizce dersi için çoktan seçmeli maddelerde resim kullanım amacının test ve madde psikometrik özelliklerini nasıl değiştirdiği araştırılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, öncelikle liseye geçiş sınavlarında (TEOG) madde kökünde resim olmayan ancak resim eklemeye uygun olan 20 madde seçilmiş, ardından bu maddelere madde kökünü ve cevabı açıklayacak formatta resimler eklenerek 8.sınıf öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre madde ve test psikometrik özelliklerini soru kökünde bulunan resmin kullanım amacına göre değişim gösterdiği bulunmuştur.
Importância da educação continuada para os profissionais de enfermagem no semiárido piauiense
Authors: Costa Amadeus Galvão Rêgo , Aragão Janaína Alvarenga , Figueirêdo Luciano Silva , Aragão Laessio Alvarenga , Holanda Jeisy dos Santos , Martins José Geovânio Buenos Aires , Sousa Evandro Alberto de , Sousa Nadjane Bezerra de , Macedo Erminia Medeiros , Maia Juliana Barbosa Dias , Júnior Manoel Cícero Ribeiro
Published: April 2020

O presente estudo objetivou Conhecer a importância da Educação Continuada na percepção dos enfermeiros do Hospital Regional Justino Luz; Identificar as percepções dos enfermeiros acerca da importância da Educação Continuada; Averiguar a participação do enfermeiro no desenvolvimento da Educação Continuada na instituição; e Relacionar a Educação Continuada como possível melhoria profissional. Realizado no Hospital Regional Justino Luz, no município de Picos/PI. Os voluntários da pesquisa constituíram-se em 25 profissionais, sendo todos enfermeiros de diversas unidades assistenciais. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, contendo perguntas objetivas para identificação e perguntas abertas, onde o entrevistado teve a liberdade para falar, escrever e expressar suas percepções. Os dados foram tabulados no Excel da Microsoft 2010, analisados em gráficos e apresentados em forma de pizzas para melhor representação e comparação dos resultados. O estudo permitiu constatar a importância da Educação Continuada para os profissionais de enfermagem em uma organização hospitalar para o aperfeiçoamento e desenvolvimento de competências profissionais.
Microbiota intestinal benéfica e prejudicial na avicultura: Revisão
Authors: Christofoli Marcela , Souza Christiane Silva , Costa Thiago Ferreira , Alexandrino Samantha Leandro de Sousa Andrade , Faria Priscila Paula de , Minafra-Rezende Cintia Silva , Santos Fabiana Ramos dos , Minafra Cibele Silva , Pereira Paulo Sérgio
Published: April 2020

Na atualidade, as disbioses, a ruptura da barreira intestinal e a inflamação tornaram-se preocupações da avicultura industrial, uma vez que culminam no comprometimento fisiológico e produtivo das aves. Objetivou-se discutir o papel da microbiota intestinal das aves no desenvolvimento animal, bem como evidenciar os benefícios e/ou prejuízos causados por esses microrganismos. A metodologia adotada foi estudo descritivo, sendo realizada a revisão bibliográfica de trabalhos científicos publicados em diferentes bases indexadas, com recorte temporal das últimas décadas. Verificou-se que o uso do sequenciamento do gene ribossômico do RNA (rRNA) 16S constitui importante ferramenta para identificar e enumerar as bactérias intestinais presentes em aves de produção. No que concerne à composição da microbiota, no intestino delgado encontram-se principalmente os gêneros Lactobacillus, Estreptococcus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Bacterioides, Clostridium, Fusobacterium e coliformes. No intestino grosso, Lactobacillus, Bacterioides, Proteobacteria, Bacillus, Clostridium e Bifidobacterium. No intestino delgado, as bactérias participam do metabolismo melhorando a absorção de nutrientes, hidrolisam polissacarídeos produzindo ácidos graxos de cadeia curta, que serão absorvidos e participarão de rotas metabólicas importantes no fornecimento de fontes de carbono e energia para as aves. Apesar dos benefícios da microbiota em promover um ambiente intestinal estável, em situações desfavoráveis, tais como no manejo criatório inadequado, pode atuar como agentes patogênicos, produzir metabólitos tóxicos e prejudicar o desempenho produtivo das aves.
Probiotic bacteria counting in strawberry-flavored fermented milk beverage
Authors: Furtado Laíse Ferreira Lacerda , Gonçalves Ianca Amaral Teixeira , Lima Clara Mariana Gonçalves , Pagnossa Jorge Pamplona , Figueiredo Roseane Mendonça de , Medeiros Ueslei Bruno Cardoso , Barbosa Ada Azevedo , Brito Marcelo Silva , Santana Renata Ferreira
Published: April 2020

The aim of the study was to count lactic bacteria in strawberry-flavored fermented milk beverages, in portions of 90 grams, marketed in supermarkets in Vitória da Conquista – Bahia, Brazil. Four units of samples were collected from each of the four marks chosen, arbitrarily, in 2 lots, with a total of 32 samples. The methodology adopted was that described by the American Public Health Association (APHA), which involves the following steps: serial dilution of the sample, plating of dilutions by pour plate technique with growth medium overlayer, incubation and plate counting of colonies. Of the samples evaluated, only the sample A1 fit the standard of Normative Nº 46 of October 23, 2007, with viable population bacteria of 106 CFU/g. It is believed that this result may be due to high storage temperatures in addition to the inclusion of fruit pulps that can also influence the reduction of the number of lactic bacteria, an evidenced fact in yogurts. It is up to the establishments and the Municipal Sanitary Surveillance to carry out the inspection so that such products have their functional properties ensured.
Curadoria para uma Plataforma de Recursos Educacionais Digitais: conceitos e práticas analisadas e construídas para uma proposta
Authors: Rocha Julia Maria Gerhardt da , Amaral ‌Ana‌ ‌Leticia‌ ‌ Oliveira‌ ‌do‌ ‌ , Ladvig Alexandre , Espindola Marina Bazzo de , Cerny Roseli Zen , Nunes‌ ‌Ketlin‌ ‌ Souza‌ ‌
Published: April 2020

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo propor um processo de curadoria digital para plataformas Digitais de Recursos Educacionais. Visto que, a partir da perspectiva crítica da tecnologia compreendemos que as tecnologias constituem processos não neutros, marcados pelas concepções e intencionalidades dos sujeitos e instituições que as concebem. Por meio de processos complexos de desenvolvimento, validação e avaliação, os produtos e conteúdos tecnológicos carregam valores. Assim, nos questionamos especificamente sobre os processos de avaliação e validação dos conteúdos disponibilizados em plataformas educacionais, reivindicando formas de garantir uma maior participação dos sujeitos nas decisões sobre o desenvolvimento destas tecnologias. Para tanto, a investigação está alicerçada nos referenciais teóricos da teoria crítica de tecnologia e em trabalhos do campo da tecnologia educacional sobre curadoria digital. Como procedimento metodológico dividiu-se em três fases de pesquisa: (I) uma revisão da literatura quanto aos conceitos e aplicações da curadoria digital; (II) pesquisa e análise da publicação e avaliação de Recursos Educacionais Digitais (RED) em plataformas Digitais e uma (III) pesquisa prospectiva com professores da educação básica brasileira. O estudo resulta em uma proposta de curadoria digital gestado num processo coletivo e abriga fluxos e critérios de curadoria, para todas as etapas necessárias em seu processo, considerando os fatores internos e externos presentes nas plataformas Digitais, entendo o cenário político que rege a sociedade e os mais variados contextos dos usuários dessas plataformas.
Pengaruh Likuiditas, Leverage, Intensitas Modal, dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak
Authors: Cahyadi Hadi , Surya Catherine , Wijaya Henryanto , Salim Susanto
Published: April 2020

In this study aims to examine the impact of liquidity, leverage, capital intensity, and firm size as moderation variable to tax aggressiveness in listed manufacturing entities in IDX (Indonesian Stock Exchange) period 2015-2018. This study use 65 manufacturing companies as sample in this study and also use multiple regression analysis. Results of this study indicate that liquidity were’nt significant negative to tax aggressiveness, and leverage were significant positive to tax aggressiveness, capital intensity not significant positive to tax aggressiveness, firm size not significant negative to tax aggressiveness, firm size is able to moderate liquidity, leverage, and capital intensity to tax aggressiveness.
Distributed Ledger Technology for Governance of Sustainability Transparency in the Global Energy Value Chain
Authors: Downes Lauren , Reed Chris
Published: April 2020

Transparency is one of the most useful tools to support sustainability in the energy value chain. By providing information about the sustainability of the activities of actors, transparency creates incentives to improve sustainability. This paper explains how blockchain technology might be used to build a global transparency system for sustainability information in the energy value chain, using market based instruments (MBIs) as its testbed. While the energy value chain is global, management of sustainability is not. Instead, sustainability is managed through a complex system of independent, sometimes overlapping, structures, with both mandatory and voluntary elements. MBIs such as emissions trading schemes, green certificates and labelling programs facilitate sustainability through market incentives. However, the transparency of MBIs, and so the information which can be derived from them, is inconsistent, fragmented across national schemes, and not readily accessible. The problems that arise from that are compounded by the regulations that govern MBI programs, which set out the information to be collected and restrict how widely it can be shared. Blockchain technology offers a tool which could be used to collect and share sustainability information better. This would increase the effectiveness of sustainability incentives through market responses such as consumer choice and investor pressure, and make MBI schemes operate more efficiently. However, the implementation of blockchain for MBIs is not to be done against a blank canvas – it must be consistent with existing governance requirements. If the existing regulatory regimes governing MBIs are not respected, developments based on blockchain are unlikely to be adopted.
TİCARET SAVAŞLARININ LOJİSTİK SEKTÖRÜNE YANSIMASI
Authors: KÖSE Zeynep , AY Mehmet Kamil
Published: April 2020

Son yıllarda yaşanan bir takım değişim ve gelişmeler neticesinde küreselleşme giderek yaygınlaşmıştır. Küreselleşme sonucunda sınırlar ortadan kalkmış ve ülkeler yoğun şekilde birbirleriyle mal ve hizmet ticareti yapmaya başlamıştır. Ticaret hacmindeki artış bir yandan ülkelerin mal ve hizmet ihtiyacını giderip, hazineye gelir sağlarken bir yandan da ülkeleri birbirine bağımlı hale getirmiştir. Ülkelerin birbirleriyle ticaret yapmasının bir diğer kaçınılmaz sonucu da ticaret açığıdır. Yoğun küresel rekabetin yaşandığı bir ortamda ülkeleri ticaret açığı vermemek için bir takım önlemler almaktadır. Bu önlemlerin ülkeler arasında karşılıklı misilleme şeklinde uygulanması sonucunda da ticaret savaşları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Merkantilist dönemden günümüze kadar hızla ve şiddetini arttırarak gelen ticaret savaşları gelişen teknoloji ve lojistik ağları ile daha da etkili ve yaygın hale gelmiştir. Teknolojik gelişme sonucunda ulaşım ve bilişim oldukça gelişmiştir. Sınırların ortadan kalktığı, çok sayıda üretici ve tüketicinin olduğu bir ortamda üretilen mallar hızlı bir şekilde ithalatçı ülkeye ulaştırılmalıdır. Bu noktada lojistik sektörü oldukça büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı son yıllarda yaşanan ticaret savaşlarının lojistik sektörü üstündeki etkisinin açıklanmasıdır. Bu bağlamda daha önce hazırlanmış olan çalışmalar derlenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda, yaşanan ticaret savaşlarının küresel ticaret hacmini düşürdüğü ve lojistik sektörünü olumsuz etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENCABULAN ANAK DIBAWAH UMUR BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK (TINJAUAN KASUS : No : 2672/PID.B/2017/PN.MDN)
Authors: Dinda Trisha , Hindartono Zega Pinsen Bintara , Siburian Sahat S M , Yanti Rahma
Published: April 2020

Tindak Pidana Pencabulan merupakan bagian dari kejahatan terhadap kesusilaan, dimana perbuatan cabul tersebut tidak terjadi pada orang dewasa tetapi juga terjadi terhadap anak dibawah umur. Baik secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung anak-anak menjadi korban kejahatan pencabulan dan mengalami berbagai gangguan terhadap dirinya baik fisik maupun non-fisik. Adapun tujuan dari penilitian ini yaitu sebagai berikut: Pertama, untuk mengetahui pertanggungjawaban pidana pelaku pencabulan anak di bawah umur; Kedua kebijakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana pelaku pencabulan anak dibawah umur; ketiga dasar pertimbanga hakim dalam menjatuhkan hukuman terhadap pelaku tindak pidana pencabulan anak dibawah umur. Penulis menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, untuk mengetahui penerapan asas-asas serta norma-norma yang terdapat di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Alat-alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah bahan kepustakaan,buku-buku,dokumen-dokumen serta sumber terotis lainnya, dan hasil dari penelitian ini sebagai dasar penyelesaian pokok masalah di dalam penelitian ini. Data yang dianalisis secara kuantatif akan dikemukakan dalam bentuk uraian yang sistematis dengan menjelaskan hubungan antara berbagai jenis data, selanjutnya semua data diseleksi dan diolah kemudian di analisis secara deskriptif sehingga selain menggambarkan dan mengemukakan jawaban terhadap permasalahan yang dikemukakan diharapkan dapat memberikan solusi atas permasalahan dalam penelitian ini. Di dalam penelitian ini penulis mengkaji dan menganalisis  Tindak Pidana Pencabulan Anak dibawah Umur atas nama terpidana Amrin Samuran Pulungan pada Tingkat Pengadilan Negeri Medan menghukum pelaku dengan pidana penjara, denda dan telah terbukti sah dan meyakinkan bersalah melakukan tindak pidana pencabulan berdasarkan keterangan saksi,petunjuk dan keterangan terdakwa.
ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI YANG DILAKUKAN SECARA BERSAMA-SAMA
Authors: Khe Ricky Endy , Simatupang Theo Ariel , Saragi Immanuel , Yanti Rahma
Published: April 2020

Pertanggungjawaban pidana oleh pelaku tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan secara sendiri maupun bersama-sama merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam memberantas tindak pidana korupsi dan memberikan efek jera kepada pelaku tindak pidana korupsi. Di Indonesia tindak pidana korupsi merupakan kejahatan luar biasa, sehingga diperlukan hukuman yang bersifat luar biasa. Hal itu dapat dilihat pada perangkat perundang-undangan yang memberikan ruang dalam menghukum dan memberantas kerugian negara, yaitu dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 Jo. Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif, yaitu dengan pengumpulan data secara studi pustaka dengan meneliti norma-norma hukum yang berlaku yang terdapat dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang perbuatan korupsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari dan mengkaji lebih dalam perangkat perundangan dalam konteks Pertanggungjawaban Pelaku Tindak Pidana Korupsi yang Dilakukan Secara Bersama-sama. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adalah bahwa korupsi dilakukan oleh seseorang atau sekelompok orang dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor tertentu, dan akibat dari perbuatan korupsi, maka pertanggungjawaban dapat dijatuhkan terhadap pelaku tindak pidana korupsi , bukan hanya yang melakukan korupsi secara sendiri-sendiri, melainkan juga yang melakukannya secara bersama-sama.
PENERBITAN SERTIFIKAT HALAL BERDASARKAN PRESPEKTIF HUKUM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Svinarky Irene , Malau Parningotan
Published: April 2020

Konsumen yang beragama islam pada dasarnya memiliki khawatiran untuk membeli makanan yang tidak memiliki logo halal resmi dari lembaga yang berhak menerbitkannya. Konsumen Indonesia yang mayoritas beragama islam akan lebih fokus pada logo halal yang tercantum pada produk kemasan. Namun, logo  terlebih dahulu harus diserahkan ke BPJPH oleh pengusaha. Setelah pengusaha mendapatkan sertifikat halal, maka logo halal dapat di tempatkan  dalam label produknya. Tujuan Penelitian dari tulisan ini mengenai:  Dalam jenis penelitian ini penulis menggunakan hukum normatif sebagai pendukungnya. Selain itu, penulis menggunakan bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Setelah dibentuknya BPJPH berdasarkan ketentuan  peraturan presiden sesuai dengan Pasal 5 UUJPH,  maka wewenang BPJPH dengan jelas dinyatakan di Pasal 6. Tatacara yang ditentukan dalam penjelasan UUJPH, peneliti juga dapat menguraikan mengenai tatacara memperoleh sertifikat halal yang mana diawali dengan: permintaan diajukan  oleh pemohon untuk mendapatkan Sertifikat Halal ke BPJPH. Setelah itu pemeriksaan dokumen dilakukan oleh BPJPH, kemudian pengujian dan  pemeriksaan dilakukan oleh LPH yang memiliki akreditasi dari BPJPH bekerjasama dengan MUI. Selanjutnya, sidang fatwa dilakukan oleh MUI untuk menetapkan kehalalan suatu produk berupa Keputusan Penetapan Halal Produk yang ditandatangani oleh MUI.
Multi-Level Joint Feature Learning for Person Re-Identification
Authors: Wu Shaojun , Gao Ling
Published: April 2020

In person re-identification, extracting image features is an important step when retrieving pedestrian images. Most of the current methods only extract global features or local features of pedestrian images. Some inconspicuous details are easily ignored when learning image features, which is not efficient or robust to for scenarios with large differences. In this paper, we propose a Multi-level Feature Fusion model that combines both global features and local features of images through deep learning networks to generate more discriminative pedestrian descriptors. Specifically, we extract local features from different depths of network by the Part-based Multi-level Net to fuse low-to-high level local features of pedestrian images. Global-Local Branches are used to extract the local features and global features at the highest level. The experiments have proved that our deep learning model based on multi-level feature fusion works well in person re-identification. The overall results outperform the state of the art with considerable margins on three widely-used datasets. For instance, we achieve 96% Rank-1 accuracy on the Market-1501 dataset and 76.1% mAP on the DukeMTMC-reID dataset, outperforming the existing works by a large margin (more than 6%).
Expectations Versus Reality: Long-Term Research on the Dog–Owner Relationship
Authors: Bouma Esther M. C. , Vink Lonneke M. , Dijkstra Arie
Published: April 2020

In the framework of the early prevention of problems in the owner–dog relationship, it is important to have a broad perspective on the development of this relationship over time, starting before people actually acquire a dog. People who currently (or previously) own(ed) a dog can rely on their experiences when considering a new dog, while this knowledge is unavailable to first time dog-owners. In this study, we explore how self-efficacy, social comparison, perceptions about the (dis)advantages of ownership and commitment to the dog (so-called social cognitive factors), problematic canine behaviors, perceived costs, and satisfaction with the dog change over time. We examine changes from the motivational phase of relationship development (before acquisition of the dog) into the experience phase (six and twelve months after acquisition of the dog). We explore if patterns are different in experienced (previous (n = 73) and current (n = 80)) versus unexperienced (first time (n = 30) dog owners. The respondents filled in three online questionnaires—once before and twice after acquisition of their dog. From T0 (before acquisition of the dog) to T1 (having the dog for six months) participants (especially those with no ownership experience) had to adjust their perceptions about dogs and dog ownership. Experiencing the relationship for an additional year (from T1 to T2) barely changed the social cognitive factors, satisfaction, and perceived costs. A small decline in problematic canine behaviors was present among the experienced dog owners between T1 and T2. To conclude, perceptions about dogs and dog ownership change over time, but after testing these perceptions with reality, they become stable after about six months.
A Space Inertial Sensor Ground Evaluation System for Non-Sensitive Axis Based on Torsion Pendulum
Authors: Wang Shaoxin , Chen Liheng , Wang Yukun , Zhou Zhenping , Qi Keqi , Wang Zhi
Published: April 2020

The inertial sensor is the key measurement payload of the technology verification satellite of China’s space gravitational wave detection mission-Taiji Project, which uses capacitive sensors to sense the acceleration disturbance of the test mass under the influence of non-conservative forces in the frequency range of 10 mHz~1 Hz. It is necessary to perform a ground performance evaluation and estimate the working state of the payload in orbit. However, due to the influence of the earth’s gravity and seismic noise, it is impossible to directly evaluate the resolution level of the non-sensitive axis when testing with high-voltage levitation, which leads to incomplete evaluation of the performance of the inertial sensor. In order to implement this part of the test, the sensitive structure is designed and a torsion pendulum facility for performance testing is developed. The experimental results show that the measurement resolution of the non-sensitive axis of the inertial sensor can reach 9.5 × 10−7 m/s2/Hz1/2 under the existing ground environmental conditions and is mainly influenced by the seismic noise during the system measurement. If the inertial sensor enters orbit, the measurement resolution can achieve 3.96 × 10−9 m/s2/Hz1/2, which meets the requirements of the technology verification satellite for a non-sensitive axis. This proposed system also provides a reasonable method for the comprehensive evaluation of inertial sensors in the future.
Overcoming Heterogeneity of Antigen Expression for Effective CAR T Cell Targeting of Cancers
Authors: Kailayangiri Sareetha , Altvater Bianca , Wiebel Malena , Jamitzky Silke , Rossig Claudia
Published: April 2020

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) gene-modified T cells (CAR T cells) can eradicate B cell malignancies via recognition of surface-expressed B lineage antigens. Antigen escape remains a major mechanism of relapse and is a key barrier for expanding the use of CAR T cells towards solid cancers with their more diverse surface antigen repertoires. In this review we discuss strategies by which cancers become amenable to effective CAR T cell therapy despite heterogeneous phenotypes. Pharmaceutical approaches have been reported that selectively upregulate individual target antigens on the cancer cell surface to sensitize antigen-negative subclones for recognition by CARs. In addition, advanced T cell engineering strategies now enable CAR T cells to interact with more than a single antigen simultaneously. Still, the choice of adequate targets reliably and selectively expressed on the cell surface of tumor cells but not normal cells, ideally by driving tumor growth, is limited, and even dual or triple antigen targeting is unlikely to cure most solid tumors. Innovative receptor designs and combination strategies now aim to recruit bystander cells and alternative cytolytic mechanisms that broaden the activity of CAR-engineered T cells beyond CAR antigen-dependent tumor cell recognition.
Cognitive Functions in Repeated Glioma Surgery
Authors: Capo Gabriele , Skrap Miran , Guarracino Ilaria , Isola Miriam , Battistella Claudio , Ius Tamara , Tomasino Barbara
Published: April 2020

Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are slow-growing brain tumors infiltrating the central nervous system which tend to recur, often with malignant degeneration after primary treatment. Re-operations are not always recommended due to an assumed higher risk of neurological and cognitive deficits. However, this assumption is relatively ungrounded due to a lack of extensive neuropsychological testing. We retrospectively examined a series of 40 patients with recurrent glioma in eloquent areas of the left hemisphere, who all completed comprehensive pre- (T3) and post-surgical (T4) neuropsychological assessments after a second surgery (4-month follow up). The lesions were most frequent in the left insular cortex and the inferior frontal gyrus. Among this series, in 17 patients the cognitive outcomes were compared before the first surgery (T1), 4 months after the first surgery (T2), and at T3 and T4. There was no significant difference either in the number of patients scoring within the normal range between T3 and T4, or in their level of performance. Further addressing the T1–T4 evolution, there was no significant difference in the number of patients scoring within the normal range. As to their level of performance, the only significant change was in phonological fluency. This longitudinal follow-up study showed that repeated glioma surgery is possible without major damage to cognitive functions in the short-term period (4 months) after surgery.
Downregulation of the Ubiquitin-E3 Ligase RNF123 Promotes Upregulation of the NF-κB1 Target SerpinE1 in Aggressive Glioblastoma Tumors
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Bustos Matias , Zhang Xiaoqing , Ramos Romela , Tan Cong , Iida Yuuki , Chang Shu-Ching , Salomon Matthew , Tran Kevin , Gentry Rebecca , Kravtsova-Ivantsiv Yelena , Kelly Daniel , Mills Gordon , Ciechanover Aaron , Mao Ying , Hoon Dave
Published: April 2020

This study examined the role of the ubiquitin E3-ligase RNF123 in modulating downstream NF-κB1 targets in glioblastoma (GB) tumor progression. Our findings revealed an oncogenic pathway (miR-155-5p-RNF123-NF-κB1-p50-SerpinE1) that may represent a new therapeutic target pathway for GB patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH) WT (wild type). Mechanistically, we demonstrated that RNF123 is downregulated in IDH WT GB patients and leads to the reduction of p50 levels. RNA-sequencing, reverse-phase protein arrays, and in vitro functional assays on IDH WT GB cell lines with RNF123 overexpression showed that SerpinE1 was a downstream target that is negatively regulated by RNF123. SERPINE1 knockdown reduced the proliferation and invasion of IDH WT GB cell lines. Both SerpinE1 and miR-155-5p overexpression negatively modulated RNF123 expression. In clinical translational analysis, RNF123, SerpinE1, and miR-155-5p were all associated with poor outcomes in GB patients. Multivariable analysis in IDH WT GB patients showed that concurrent low RNF123 and high SerpinE1 was an independent prognostic factor in predicting poor overall survival (p < 0.001, hazard ratio (HR) = 2.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–5.05), and an increased risk of recurrence (p < 0.001, relative risk (RR) = 3.56, 95% CI 1.61–7.83).
Differences of the Immune Phenotype of Breast Cancer Cells after Ex Vivo Hyperthermia by Warm-Water or Microwave Radiation in a Closed-Loop System Alone or in Combination with Radiotherapy
Authors: Hader Michael , Savcigil Deniz Pinar , Rosin Andreas , Ponfick Philipp , Gekle Stephan , Wadepohl Martin , Bekeschus Sander , Fietkau Rainer , Frey Benjamin , Schlücker Eberhard , Gaipl Udo S.
Published: April 2020

The treatment of breast cancer by radiotherapy can be complemented by hyperthermia. Little is known about how the immune phenotype of tumor cells is changed thereby, also in terms of a dependence on the heating method. We developed a sterile closed-loop system, using either a warm-water bath or a microwave at 2.45 GHz to examine the impact of ex vivo hyperthermia on cell death, the release of HSP70, and the expression of immune checkpoint molecules (ICMs) on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by multicolor flow cytometry and ELISA. Heating was performed between 39 and 44 °C. Numerical process simulations identified temperature distributions. Additionally, irradiation with 2 × 5 Gy or 5 × 2 Gy was applied. We observed a release of HSP70 after hyperthermia at all examined temperatures and independently of the heating method, but microwave heating was more effective in cell killing, and microwave heating with and without radiotherapy increased subsequent HSP70 concentrations. Adding hyperthermia to radiotherapy, dynamically or individually, affected the expression of the ICM PD-L1, PD-L2, HVEM, ICOS-L, CD137-L, OX40-L, CD27-L, and EGFR on breast cancer cells. Well-characterized pre-clinical heating systems are mandatory to screen the immune phenotype of tumor cells in clinically relevant settings to define immune matrices for therapy adaption.
Integrative Transcriptome Analyses of the Human Fallopian Tube: Fimbria and Ampulla—Site of Origin of Serous Carcinoma of the Ovary
Authors: Sowamber Ramlogan , Nelson Omar , Dodds Leah , DeCastro Victoria , Paudel Iru , Milea Anca , Considine Michael , Cope Leslie , Pinto Andre , Schlumbrecht Matthew , Slomovitz Brian , Shaw Patricia A. , George Sophia H. L.
Published: April 2020

Epithelial ovarian cancer represents a group of heterogeneous diseases with high grade serous cancer (HGSC) representing the most common histotype. Molecular profiles of precancerous lesions found in the fallopian tube have implicated this tissue as the presumptive site of origin of HGSC. Precancerous lesions are primarily found in the distal fallopian tube (fimbria), near the ovary relative to the proximal tissue (ampulla), nearer to the uterus. The proximity of the fimbria to the ovary and the link between ovulation, through follicular fluid release, and ovarian cancer risk led us to examine transcriptional responses of fallopian tube epithelia (FTE) at the different anatomical sites of the human fallopian tube. Gene expression profiles of matched FTE from the fimbria and from premenopausal women resulted in differentially expressed genes (DEGs): CYYR1, SALL1, FOXP2, TAAR1, AKR1C2/C3/C4, NMBR, ME1 and GSTA2. These genes are part of the antioxidant, stem and inflammation pathways. Comparisons between the luteal phase (post-ovulation) to the follicular phase (pre-ovulation) demonstrated greater differences in DEGs than a comparison between fimbria and fallopian tube anatomical differences alone. This data suggests that cyclical transcriptional changes experienced in pre-menopause are inherent physiological triggers that expose the FTE in the fimbria to cytotoxic stressors. These cyclical exposures induce transcriptional changes reflective of genotoxic and cytotoxic damage to the FTE in the fimbria which are closely related to transcriptional and genomic alterations observed in ovarian cancer.
Recent Developments of Systemic Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Arai Hiroyuki , Nakajima Takako Eguchi
Published: April 2020

Gastric cancer (GC) is a molecularly heterogeneous disease. Its molecular background, epidemiology, and standard of care are quite different between Eastern and Western countries. Many efforts have been made in developing more effective surgeries and adjuvant chemotherapies for resectable GC in each region. Recently, an intensive combination of cytotoxic agents has been established as a new standard of adjuvant treatment. Meanwhile, palliative chemotherapy is a uniform standard treatment for unresectable GC worldwide. Recently, one of the most remarkable advances in therapy for unresectable GC has been the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The use of ICIs as frontline treatment is currently being investigated. In addition, novel combinations of ICIs and targeted drugs are being evaluated in clinical trials. Despite these advances, the complex biology of GC has resulted in the failure of targeted therapies, with the exceptions of HER2-targeted trastuzumab and VEGFR2-targeted ramucirumab. GC harbors many redundant oncogenic pathways, and small subsets of tumors are driven by different specific pathways. Therefore, a combination strategy simultaneously inhibiting several pathways and/or stricter patient selection for better response to targeted drugs are needed to improve clinical outcomes in this field.
Molecular and Clinical Relevance of ZBTB38 Expression Levels in Prostate Cancer
Authors: de Dieuleveult Maud , Marchal Claire , Jouinot Anne , Letessier Anne , Miotto Benoit
Published: April 2020

Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men. A number of genomic and clinical studies have led to a better understanding of prostate cancer biology. Still, the care of patients as well as the prediction of disease aggressiveness, recurrence and outcome remain challenging. Here, we showed that expression of the gene ZBTB38 is associated with poor prognosis in localised prostate cancer and could help discriminate aggressive localised prostate tumours from those who can benefit only from observation. Analysis of different prostate cancer cohorts indicates that low expression levels of ZBTB38 associate with increased levels of chromosomal abnormalities and more aggressive pathological features, including higher rate of biochemical recurrence of the disease. Importantly, gene expression profiling of these tumours, complemented with cellular assays on prostate cancer cell lines, unveiled that tumours with low levels of ZBTB38 expression might be targeted by doxorubicin, a compound generating reactive oxygen species. Our study shows that ZBTB38 is involved in prostate cancer pathogenesis and may represent a useful marker to identify high risk and highly rearranged localised prostate cancer susceptible to doxorubicin.
The Hippo Pathway Transducers YAP1/TEAD Induce Acquired Resistance to Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: González-Alonso Paula , Zazo Sandra , Martín-Aparicio Ester , Luque Melani , Chamizo Cristina , Sanz-Álvarez Marta , Minguez Pablo , Gómez-López Gonzalo , Cristóbal Ion , Caramés Cristina , García-Foncillas Jesús , Eroles Pilar , Lluch Ana , Arpí Oriol , Rovira Ana , Albanell Joan , Piersma Sander R. , Jimenez Connie R. , Madoz-Gúrpide Juan , Rojo Federico
Published: April 2020

Trastuzumab is the first-line targeted therapeutic drug for HER2-positive breast cancer, leading to improved overall survival. However, acquired resistance inevitably occurs. We aimed to identify, quantify, and assess the mechanisms of acquired resistance to trastuzumab. We established an acquired trastuzumab-resistant model in vitro from BT-474, a trastuzumab-sensitive, HER2-amplified breast-cancer cell line. A multi-omic strategy was implemented to obtain gene, proteome, and phosphoproteome signatures associated with acquired resistance to trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer, followed by validation in human clinical samples. YAP1 dephosphorylation and TEAD2 overexpression were detected as significant alterations in the Hippo pathway in trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer. Because of the emerging role of these proteins as mediators of normal growth and tumorigenesis, we assessed the exogenous modulation of their activity, either by in vitro gene silencing or by pharmacological inhibition of the YAP1/TEAD complexes, both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we identified increased signaling through the Hippo pathway in human samples after progression following trastuzumab treatment. Finally, YAP1/TAZ nuclear accumulation in malignant cells in HER2 breast tumor was significantly associated with worse progression-free and overall survival in metastatic HER2-positive breast-cancer patients. Our results suggest the involvement of Hippo signaling in acquired trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer. Additionally, we provide novel evidence for a potential breast-cancer treatment strategy based on dual targeting of HER2 and Hippo pathway effectors, which may improve the antitumor activity of trastuzumab and help overcome resistance.
Multiple Adenosine-Dopamine (A2A-D2 Like) Heteroreceptor Complexes in the Brain and Their Role in Schizophrenia
Authors: Borroto-Escuela Dasiel O. , Ferraro Luca , Narvaez Manuel , Tanganelli Sergio , Beggiato Sarah , Liu Fang , Rivera Alicia , Fuxe Kjell
Published: April 2020

In the 1980s and 1990s, the concept was introduced that molecular integration in the Central Nervous System could develop through allosteric receptor–receptor interactions in heteroreceptor complexes presents in neurons. A number of adenosine–dopamine heteroreceptor complexes were identified that lead to the A2A-D2 heteromer hypothesis of schizophrenia. The hypothesis is based on strong antagonistic A2A-D2 receptor–receptor interactions and their presence in the ventral striato-pallidal GABA anti-reward neurons leading to reduction of positive symptoms. Other types of adenosine A2A heteroreceptor complexes are also discussed in relation to this disease, such as A2A-D3 and A2A-D4 heteroreceptor complexes as well as higher order A2A-D2-mGluR5 and A2A-D2-Sigma1R heteroreceptor complexes. The A2A receptor protomer can likely modulate the function of the D4 receptors of relevance for understanding cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. A2A-D2-mGluR5 complex is of interest since upon A2A/mGluR5 coactivation they appear to synergize in producing strong inhibition of the D2 receptor protomer. For understanding the future of the schizophrenia treatment, the vulnerability of the current A2A-D2like receptor complexes will be tested in animal models of schizophrenia. A2A-D2-Simag1R complexes hold the highest promise through Sigma1R enhancement of inhibition of D2R function. In line with this work, Lara proposed a highly relevant role of adenosine for neurobiology of schizophrenia.
Impact of BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism on Myocardial Infarction: Exploring the Macrophage Phenotype
Authors: Sandrini Leonardo , Castiglioni Laura , Amadio Patrizia , Werba José Pablo , Eligini Sonia , Fiorelli Susanna , Zarà Marta , Castiglioni Silvia , Bellosta Stefano , Lee Francis S. , Sironi Luigi , Tremoli Elena , Barbieri Silvia Stella
Published: April 2020

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin growth factor family, well known for its role in the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. Recently, the human BDNF Val66Met single nucleotide polymorphism has been associated with the increased propensity for arterial thrombosis related to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and immunohistochemistry analyses, we showed that homozygous mice carrying the human BDNF Val66Met polymorphism (BDNFMet/Met) undergoing left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation display an adverse cardiac remodeling compared to wild-type (BDNFVal/Val). Interestingly, we observed a persistent presence of pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages and a reduced accumulation of reparative-like phenotype macrophages (M2-like) in the infarcted heart of mutant mice. Further qPCR analyses showed that BDNFMet/Met peritoneal macrophages are more pro-inflammatory and have a higher migratory ability compared to BDNFVal/Val ones. Finally, macrophages differentiated from circulating monocytes isolated from BDNFMet/Met patients with coronary heart disease displayed the same pro-inflammatory characteristics of the murine ones. In conclusion, the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism predisposes to adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction in a mouse model and affects macrophage phenotype in both humans and mice. These results provide a new cellular mechanism by which this human BDNF genetic variant could influence cardiovascular disease.
Calcium-Free and Cytochalasin B Treatment Inhibits Blastomere Fusion in 2-Cell Stage Embryos for the Generation of Floxed Mice via Sequential Electroporation
Authors: Horii Takuro , Kobayashi Ryosuke , Kimura Mika , Morita Sumiyo , Hatada Izuho
Published: April 2020

The generation of conditional knockout mice using the Cre-loxP system is advantageous for the functional analysis of genes. Flanked by two loxP sites (floxed) mice can be directly obtained from fertilized eggs by the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system. We previously reported that sequential knock-in (KI) of each loxP site by electroporation (EP) at the 1- and 2-cell embryonic stages increases the number of mice with floxed alleles compared with simultaneous KI. However, EP at the 2-cell stage frequently induced blastomere fusion. These fused embryos cannot develop to term because they are tetraploidized. In this study, we examined the following three conditions to inhibit blastomere fusion by EP at the 2-cell stage: (1) hypertonic treatment, (2) Calcium (Ca2+)-free treatment, and (3) actin polymerization inhibition. Hypertonic treatment of 2-cell stage embryos prevented blastomere fusion and facilitated blastocyst development; however, KI efficiency was decreased. Ca2+-free treatment and actin polymerization inhibition by cytochalasin B (CB) reduced fusion rate, and did not have negative effects on development and KI efficiency. These results suggest that Ca2+-free and CB treatment at the 2-cell stage is effective to generate floxed mice in combination with a sequential EP method.