bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Socioeconomic Inequalities in Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening in Ontario, Canada: A Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Jalili Faramarz , Austin Nichole , Lavergne M. Ruth , Hajizadeh Mohammad
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground:
The relationship between socioeconomic status and colorectal cancer screening in Canada remains poorly understood. This study aims to measure and explain the extent of socioeconomic inequalities in colorectal cancer screening participation in Ontario, Canada.
Methods:
This study assesses socioeconomic inequalities in colorectal cancer screening uptake in Ontario among adults of ages 50 to 74 years (n = 12,039) utilizing cross-sectional data from the 2017 to 2018 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). The Wagstaff index and the Erreygers index were used to quantify and decompose income-related inequality in colorectal cancer screening participation.
Results:
The results revealed an overall colorectal cancer screening rate of 71.7%, with higher rates among females (78.4%) compared with males (69.4%). The positive values of the Wagstaff index (0.193; 95% confidence interval, 0.170–0.215) and the Erreygers index (0.156; 95% confidence interval, 0.138–0.174) indicated a pro-rich inequality in colorectal cancer screening participation in Ontario (i.e., screening is more concentrated among wealthier individuals). The decomposition analysis identified income (71.61%), education (8.61%), and language barriers with healthcare providers (5.76%) as the primary factors contributing to the observed income-related inequality in colorectal cancer screening participation.
Conclusions:
Income is the primary driver of socioeconomic inequality, requiring targeted strategies to boost screening rates among low-income residents. Addressing education and language barriers through awareness initiatives and language support can reduce socioeconomic inequalities in cancer screening uptake in Ontario.
Impact:
Our study reveals significant socioeconomic inequality in colorectal cancer screening in Ontario, driven by income, education, and language barriers, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to promote equitable access.
Data from Incidence of Serious Complications following Screening Colonoscopy in Adults Ages 76 to 85 Years
Authors: Chubak Jessica , Ichikawa Laura E. , Merchant Sophie A. , Dalmat Ronit R. , Ziebell Rebecca A. , Jensen Christopher D. , Lee Jeffrey K. , Corley Douglas A. , Ghai Nirupa R. , Green Beverly B. , Skinner Celette Sugg , Schottinger Joanne E. , Breslau Erica S. , Levin Theodore R.
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground:
Screening colonoscopy harm data are limited for adults ages 76 to 85 years.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of screening colonoscopies versus fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) and general population matched comparators ages 76 to 85 years within three integrated healthcare systems (2010–2019). The primary outcome was death or overnight hospitalization within 30 days. A secondary outcome also included nine harm diagnoses. Adjusted risk estimates and risk differences (RD) were obtained using Poisson regression. Narrow analyses excluded outcomes after the next lower endoscopy or colorectal procedure, whereas broad analyses included them.
Results:
Patients undergoing screening colonoscopy (N = 4,435) had a higher 10-day cumulative incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding {0.18% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.09%–0.35%]} and perforation [0.09% (95% CI, 0.03%–0.23%)] than those with FIT (N = 17,740) and the general population (N = 44,350) in the narrow analysis. Screening colonoscopy patients had a 1.04% (95% CI, 0.74%–1.34%) risk of death or hospitalization within 30 days in the narrow analysis, similar to those with FIT [RD = 0% (95% CI, −0.36% to 0.35%)] and the general population [RD = −0.07% (95% CI, −0.39% to 0.25%)]. In the broad analysis, risk following colonoscopy was 2.30% (95% CI, 1.85%–2.75%) with RD = 1.13% (95% CI, 0.67%–1.60%) versus general population [ages 76–80 years: RD = 0.93% (95% CI, 0.45%–1.41%) and ages 81–85 years: RD = 2.14% (95% CI, 0.74%–3.54%)]. Secondary outcomes followed a similar pattern by age.
Conclusions:
At ages 76 to 85 years, screening colonoscopies including downstream procedures are associated with an increased short-term risk of death or hospitalization.
Impact:
Harm data can be combined with benefit data to guide screening colonoscopy decisions among older adults.
Evaluation of VLA-4 (integrin α4β1) as a shared target for radiopharmaceutical therapy across solid tumors
Authors: Reyes-González Jeyshka M. , Rajkumar Harikrishnan , Lee Woonghee , Baidoo Kwamena E. , Edinger Robert S. , Diehl George , Nambiar Divya , Okada Reona , Edmondson Elijah F. , Fayn Stanley , Buckley John , Jaswal Ambika P. , Cortez Angel , Marsh Ian R. , Josefsson Anders , Kohanbash Gary , Nedrow Jessie R. , Anderson Carolyn J. , Escorcia Freddy E. , Nguyen Rosa , Patel Ravi B.
Published: February 2025

Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is a promising approach to treating solid tumors, but therapeutic advances are impeded by the lack of broadly expressed targets and shared molecular vulnerability across different tumor types. We evaluate VLA-4 (integrin α4β1) as a potential target for RPT in solid tumors using radiolabeled copper-64 ([64Cu]Cu-) and copper-67 ([67Cu]Cu-CB-TE1A1P-PEG4-LLP2A) LLP2A, a peptidomimetic ligand of VLA-4, for preclinical imaging and RPT testing. Expression analysis of ITGA4, encoding the alpha 4 subunit of VLA-4, revealed overexpression in hematological malignancies and various solid tumors compared to healthy tissue. Flow cytometry showed medium to high VLA-4 expression in 77% of tested cancer cell lines. PET/CT imaging with [64Cu]Cu-LLP2A demonstrated tracer uptake in tumors and lymphoid tissues. In toxicity studies, [67Cu]Cu-LLP2A administered at 37-74 MBq was well-tolerated, causing only thymic atrophy without long-term hematological or tissue toxicity. Tumor dose response was observed in B16-F10 melanoma models. Using orthotopic syngeneic models (B16-F10, B78, 4T1, GL261, TH-MYCN, and E2A-PBX1) and human cancer models (SK-MEL-37, 143B, and IMR-5), we conducted PET/CT imaging and biodistribution studies, with selected models used for [64Cu]Cu-LLP2A dosimetry calculations. Given VLA-4's broad expression across cancer tissues, demonstrated on-target effects, acceptable toxicity profile, and favorable dosimetry in preclinical models, further investigation of [67Cu]Cu-LLP2A as an RPT agent is warranted.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Oncogenic KRAS Mutations Confer a Unique Mechanotransduction Response to Peristalsis in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Clevenger Abigail J. , Collier Claudia A. , Gorley John Paul M. , Colijn Sarah , McFarlin Maygan K. , Solberg Spencer C. , Kopetz Scott , Stratman Amber N. , Raghavan Shreya A.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure 1 shows the gating strategy used for LGR5 analysis in Figures 1A, 1B, and 4B.
Supplementary Table S2 from TIPE Inhibits Ferroptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Regulating MGST1/ALOX5
Authors: Yan Changxiu , Yu Shengnan , Zhang Jing , Li Zhen , Lin Zeyang , Zhang Shiying , Li Haoyang , Ye Zhijian , Huang Jiyi , Ye Yuhan , Zhuang Guohong
Published: February 2025

List of the primer sequences used in this study.
Supplementary Fig. S3 from TIPE Inhibits Ferroptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Regulating MGST1/ALOX5
Authors: Yan Changxiu , Yu Shengnan , Zhang Jing , Li Zhen , Lin Zeyang , Zhang Shiying , Li Haoyang , Ye Zhijian , Huang Jiyi , Ye Yuhan , Zhuang Guohong
Published: February 2025

The expression of ALOX5 is inversely associated with TIPE in CRC.
Supplementary Fig. S2 from TIPE Inhibits Ferroptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Regulating MGST1/ALOX5
Authors: Yan Changxiu , Yu Shengnan , Zhang Jing , Li Zhen , Lin Zeyang , Zhang Shiying , Li Haoyang , Ye Zhijian , Huang Jiyi , Ye Yuhan , Zhuang Guohong
Published: February 2025

Blocking ERK1/2 phosphorylation downregulates MGST1 expression in SW480 cells .
Supplementary Table 6 from PRMT5 Maintains Tumor Stem Cells to Promote Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Tumorigenesis
Authors: DeSisto John , Balakrishnan Ilango , Knox Aaron J. , Link Gabrielle , Venkataraman Sujatha , Vibhakar Rajeev , Green Adam L.
Published: February 2025

GBM1 H3K27me3 GSEA gene sets containing target genes
Supplementary Table 3 from PRMT5 Maintains Tumor Stem Cells to Promote Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Tumorigenesis
Authors: DeSisto John , Balakrishnan Ilango , Knox Aaron J. , Link Gabrielle , Venkataraman Sujatha , Vibhakar Rajeev , Green Adam L.
Published: February 2025

List of Hyper-fucosylated glycans for prostate cancer analysis
Supplemental Table 1 from ASAP1 and ARF1 Regulate Myogenic Differentiation in Rhabdomyosarcoma by Modulating TAZ Activity
Authors: Hebron Katie E. , Perkins Olivia L. , Kim Angela , Jian Xiaoying , Girald-Berlingeri Sofia A. , Lei Haiyan , Shern Jack F. , Conner Elizabeth A. , Randazzo Paul A. , Yohe Marielle E.
Published: February 2025

siRNA reagents
Supplemental Figure 4 from ASAP1 and ARF1 Regulate Myogenic Differentiation in Rhabdomyosarcoma by Modulating TAZ Activity
Authors: Hebron Katie E. , Perkins Olivia L. , Kim Angela , Jian Xiaoying , Girald-Berlingeri Sofia A. , Lei Haiyan , Shern Jack F. , Conner Elizabeth A. , Randazzo Paul A. , Yohe Marielle E.
Published: February 2025

Effect of ASAP1 loss in DMSO treated RD cells
Supplemental Figure 3 from ASAP1 and ARF1 Regulate Myogenic Differentiation in Rhabdomyosarcoma by Modulating TAZ Activity
Authors: Hebron Katie E. , Perkins Olivia L. , Kim Angela , Jian Xiaoying , Girald-Berlingeri Sofia A. , Lei Haiyan , Shern Jack F. , Conner Elizabeth A. , Randazzo Paul A. , Yohe Marielle E.
Published: February 2025

Effect of ASAP knockdown on signaling pathways
Supplemental Figure 2 from ASAP1 and ARF1 Regulate Myogenic Differentiation in Rhabdomyosarcoma by Modulating TAZ Activity
Authors: Hebron Katie E. , Perkins Olivia L. , Kim Angela , Jian Xiaoying , Girald-Berlingeri Sofia A. , Lei Haiyan , Shern Jack F. , Conner Elizabeth A. , Randazzo Paul A. , Yohe Marielle E.
Published: February 2025

ASAP expression verification
Supplementary Figure 4 from PRMT5 Maintains Tumor Stem Cells to Promote Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Tumorigenesis
Authors: DeSisto John , Balakrishnan Ilango , Knox Aaron J. , Link Gabrielle , Venkataraman Sujatha , Vibhakar Rajeev , Green Adam L.
Published: February 2025

Figure S4. a. BLI imaging results for mice in RT and RT + LLY283 arms of experiment shown in Figure 4g, RT was given on Day 0 and LLY283 treatment began day 27. Mice without Vehicle or Inhibitor listed died following RT and prior to the start of LLY283 treatment; b. PRMT5 inhibitor LLY283 reaches brain and tumor tissue in treated mice; left panel - Western blot showing SDMA levels in cortex and tumor of mice treated with LLY 283 versus vehicle; right panel - quantification of Western blots shows differing effects of LLY283 treatment on SDMA in cortical and tumor tissue (N=2 biological)
Supplementary Figure 3 from PRMT5 Maintains Tumor Stem Cells to Promote Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Tumorigenesis
Authors: DeSisto John , Balakrishnan Ilango , Knox Aaron J. , Link Gabrielle , Venkataraman Sujatha , Vibhakar Rajeev , Green Adam L.
Published: February 2025

Figure S3. Metascape pathway analysis showed enrichment of differentiation pathways with PRMT5 KD.
Data from Genome Instability Precedes Viral Integration in Human Papillomavirus–Transformed Tonsillar Keratinocytes
Authors: Chan Kimberly , Tseng Christopher , Milarachi Emily , Goldrich David , Schneper Lisa , Sheldon Kathryn , Aliaga Cesar , Alam Samina , Chatterjee Sreejata , El-Bayoumy Karam , Meyers Craig , Goldenberg David , Broach James R.
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Approximately 70% of oropharyngeal squamous carcinomas (OPSCC) are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). Although patients with HPV-positive (HPV+) tumors generally have better outcomes than those with HPV-negative tumors, a subset of HPV+ positive patients do have poor outcomes. Our previous work suggested that tumors with integrated virus exhibit significantly greater genome-wide genomic instability than those with only episomal viral genomes, and patients with HPV+ OPSCC with episomal viral genomes had better outcomes. To explore the causal relation between viral integration and genomic instability, we have examined the time course of viral integration and genetic instability in tonsillar keratinocytes transformed with HPV16. HPV-infected human tonsil keratinocyte cell lines were continuously passaged, and every fifth passage, some cells were retained for genomic analysis. Whole-genome sequencing and optical genomic mapping confirmed that virus integrated in five of six cell lines while remaining episomal in the sixth. In all lines, genome instability occurred during early passages but essentially ceased following viral integration; however, it continued to occur in later passages in the episomal line. To test tumorigenicity of the cell lines, cells were injected subcutaneously into the flanks of nude mice. A cell line with the integrated virus induced tumors following injection in the nude mouse whereas that with the episomal virus did not.

Implications: Genomic instability in HPV OPSCC tumors is not the result of viral integration but likely promotes integration. Moreover, transformants with episomal virus seem to be less tumorigenic than those with integrated virus.
Data from TIPE Inhibits Ferroptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Regulating MGST1/ALOX5
Authors: Yan Changxiu , Yu Shengnan , Zhang Jing , Li Zhen , Lin Zeyang , Zhang Shiying , Li Haoyang , Ye Zhijian , Huang Jiyi , Ye Yuhan , Zhuang Guohong
Published: February 2025

Abstract
TIPE is a protein highly expressed in various cancers that promotes ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic cell death caused by lipid peroxidation, and microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) is a critical enzyme that resists lipid peroxidation. This study explored how TIPE regulates MGST1 expression to inhibit ferroptosis and promote colorectal cancer proliferation. TIPE was highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues and positively correlated with the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells. We measured levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid reactive oxygen species in colorectal cancer cells with differential expression of TIPE and detected ferroptosis using transmission electron microscopy. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a positive correlation of expression patterns between TIPE and MGST1 in colorectal cancer. TIPE regulated the expression of MGST1 by activating the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Coimmunoprecipitation revealed binding between MGST1 and ALOX5. This binding inhibited the phosphorylation of ALOX5, inhibiting ferroptosis and promoting the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. A tumor formation experiment in nude mice supported our findings that TIPE regulates the proliferation of colorectal cancer by regulating ferroptosis.

Implications: TIPE inhibits colorectal cancer ferroptosis via an MGST1–ALOX5 interaction to promote colorectal cancer proliferation. These findings suggest future colorectal cancer treatment strategies.
Longitudinal analysis of objective and self-reported cognitive functions in individuals with subjective cognitive decline
Authors: Ryu Seon Young , Lee Chunghwee , Ho Seong Hee , Hong Yun Jeong , Jeong Jee Hyang , Park Kee Hyung , Wang Min Jeong , Choi Seong Hye , Kim SangYun , Yang Dong Won
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is considered a preclinical manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent research suggests that subtle cognitive changes in SCD are linked to an increased risk of clinical decline. This study investigates the longitudinal trajectories of both objective and self-reported cognitive functions in individuals with SCD, with a focus on the impact of subtle cognitive impairment (SCI).
Methods: A total of 107 individuals with SCD, with at least two annual follow-ups, were included in this study. We analyzed the trajectories of both objective and subjective cognitive functions, assessed changes in medial temporal lobe regional volumes, and compared baseline AD biomarkers between SCD individuals with SCI (n = 22, SCI group) and without SCI (n = 85).
Results: SCD individuals with SCI showed a faster decline in objective cognitive function over time compared to those without SCI, who exhibited cognitive improvement. Self-reported cognitive complaints showed no differences between groups at baseline or in annual changes over time. The SCI group had lower baseline entorhinal cortical volumes and greater volume reductions over time, and also exhibited more abnormalities in AD biomarkers, including higher amyloid PET positivity, a lower Aβ 42/40 ratio, and elevated p-tau181.
Conclusion: SCI status in SCD individuals is associated with significant cognitive decline, along with more abnormal AD biomarkers. These findings suggest that early identification of SCI status in individuals with SCD may improve the prediction of cognitive decline. However, self-reported cognitive complaints may have a limited role in monitoring clinical changes in SCD.
Psychological Impact in Early Pregnancy Loss. The Effects of Disclosing the Causative Chromosomal Anomaly.
Authors: Borrell Maria , Pauta Montse , Mallorquí Aida , Ardiles-Ruesjas Victoria , Borobio Virginia , Illanes Carmen , Matas Isabel , Borrell Antoni
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The study investigates whether the disclosure of the chromosomal anomaly causing early pregnancy loss (EPL) favors the grief process and reduces psychological distress.
Methods: Women experiencing EPL were invited to participate in the study at the time they were offered chorionic villi sampling (CVS) and karyotyping before uterine evacuation. They completed two online surveys: one a week after EPL and another a month later, after receiving cytogenetic results. The surveys measured anxiety (HAD), BDI-II cognitive depression factor items, post-traumatic stress disorder (IES-R), and rumination (RRS-10). Participants were divided into groups based on the chromosomal anomaly found at CVS: A1 (autosomal trisomy), A2 (other anomalies), and B (no anomalies).
Results: A significant score decline was observed in the four studied psychological scales assessing anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and rumination, between the first and second survey. The proportion of women with a clinical score also demonstrated a significant decline, except for anxiety. When these changes were assessed after karyotypic group stratification, the group with other chromosomal anomalies (A2) showed the highest drop. This group also demonstrated a significantly higher depression score decline at multivariate regression analysis of the median.
Conclusion: EPL significantly impacts women's mental health, with 19%-51% experiencing manifestations. Disclosing chromosomal anomalies may aid in psychological recovery, particularly in reducing clinical scores for depression.
Exploring the Expanded Role of Astrocytes in Primate Brain Evolution via Changes in Gene Expression
Authors: Rickelton Katherine , Babbitt Courtney C.
Published: February 2025

Astrocytes are a subtype of glial cells, which are non-neuronal cells that do not produce electrical impulses. Rather, astrocytes are involved in various functions vital to a functioning brain including nutrient supply to neuronal cells, blood brain barrier maintenance, regulation of synaptic transmission, and repair following CNS injury.

While in the past astrocytes were mostly examined in rodents, it is now clear that there is a large amount of astrocyte heterogeneity and increased complexity in mammals and primates (Oberheim et al. 2009; Falcone et al. 2019; Falcone et al. 2021; Falcone and Martinez-Cerdeno 2023). Astrocytes have expanded in the human lineage (density, soma volume, and ratio of astrocytes to total glial cells). The human prefrontal cortex also possesses an overall increased glia:neuron ratio relative to other primates, coinciding with allometric expectations based on overall brain size.

What are the underlying changes in astrocytes in primate evolution? For this review, we will focus on gene expression evolution and gene regulation in astrocytes as a read out of the phenotypic changes seen in cellular morphology. This is an exciting time to understand this cell type in a more dynamic and complex way with new technologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq). Furthermore, understanding the evolution of astrocytes across primates will help to explain their role in neurological disease, as alterations in astrocyte function are implicated in many neurodegenerative states such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson’s Disease.
Induced Cytokinesis Generates Highly Proliferative Mononuclear Cardiomyocytes at the Expense of Contractility
Authors: Lam Nicholas T. , Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Nhi , Elhelaly Waleed M. , Hsu Ching-Cheng , Menendez-Montes Ivan , Xiao Feng , Ali Shah R. , Vo Nelson , Briard Nathan , El-Feky Lobna , Omari Qamar M. , Cardoso Alisson C. , Liu Yan , Ahmed Mahmoud Salama , Li Shujuan , Thet Suwannee , Xing Chao , Zangi Lior , Sadek Hesham A.
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:

Cytokinesis is the last step in the eukaryotic cell cycle, which physically separates a mitotic cell into 2 daughter cells. A few days after birth in mouse cardiomyocytes, DNA synthesis occurs without cytokinesis, leading to the majority of cardiomyocytes becoming binucleated instead of generating 2 daughter cells with 1 nucleus each. This results in cell cycle arrest of cardiomyocytes, and the mouse heart is no longer able to regenerate. A longstanding unanswered question is whether binucleation of cardiomyocytes is a result of cytokinesis failure.

METHODS:

To address this, we generated several transgenic mouse models to determine whether forced induction of cardiomyocyte cytokinesis generates mononucleated cardiomyocytes and restores the endogenous regenerative properties of the myocardium. We focused on 2 complementary regulators of cytokinesis: Plk1 (polo-like kinase 1) and Ect2 (epithelial cell-transformation sequence 2).

RESULTS:

We found that cardiomyocyte-specific transgenic overexpression of constitutively active Plk1(T210D) promotes mitosis and cytokinesis in adult hearts, whereas overexpression of Ect2 alone promotes only cytokinesis. Cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of both Plk1(T210D) and Ect2 concomitantly (double transgenic) prevents binucleation of cardiomyocytes postnatally and results in widespread cardiomyocyte mitosis, cardiac enlargement, contractile failure, and death before 2 weeks of age. Similarly, doxycycline-inducible cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of both proteins (inducible double transgenic) in the adult heart results in reversible widespread cardiomyocyte mitosis and contractile failure. Transient induction of both genes in adult mice improves left ventricular systolic function after myocardial infarction.

CONCLUSIONS:

These results collectively demonstrate that cytokinesis failure mediates cardiomyocyte multinucleation and cell cycle exit of postnatal cardiomyocytes, but may be a protective mechanism to preserve the contractile function of the myocardium.
Recombinant GDF11 Promotes Recovery in a Rat Permanent Ischemia Model of Subacute Stroke
Authors: Cohen Ori S. , Sinha Manisha , Wang Yongting , Daman Tyler , Li Pi-Chun , Deatherage Catherine , Charrez Berenice , Deshpande Anish , Jordan Samuel , Makoni Nyasha J , LeDonne Katie , Dale Christopher J. , Ben Driss Laura , Pan Cheryl , Gasperini Caterina , Wagers Amy J , Rubin Lee L , Finklestein Seth P. , Allen Mark , Lee Richard T. , Sandrasagra Anthony
Published: February 2025

Background:
Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability, underscoring the urgent need for treatments that enhance recovery. Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is a circulating protein involved in cellular development and tissue repair. GDF11 has gained attention for its potential regenerative properties in aging and disease contexts, making it a candidate for stroke recovery therapies.

Methods:
The therapeutic benefits of recombinant GDF11 (rGDF11) were evaluated using a rat ischemic stroke model, in which focal cerebral infarcts were induced in 8 –10 week-old young adult male Sprague-Dawley rats by permanently occluding the proximal right middle cerebral artery. Rats received single or multiple doses of rGDF11 (0.1-4 mg/kg) or vehicle 24-72 hours post-injury. Sensorimotor functions were evaluated, and brain and serum samples were examined to determine mechanism of action and identify biomarkers, using immunofluorescence, target-specific ELISAs, and an aptamer-based proteomics platform.

Results:
We confirmed rGDF11 activity in vitro and in established in vivo mouse models of cardiac hypertrophy and glucose metabolism and assessed the efficacy of rGDF11 treatment in six preclinical stroke studies, using independent Contract Research Organizations with all study animals and treatment groups blinded. All six studies revealed consistent improvement of sensorimotor outcomes with rGDF11. rGDF11-treated rats showed increased cortical vascularization and radial glia in the ventricular zone. Serum analysis revealed rGDF11 dose-dependent decreases in C-reactive protein and identified novel pharmacodynamic biomarkers and pathways associated with potential mechanisms of action of rGDF11.

Conclusion:
These results demonstrate that systemically delivered rGDF11 enhances neovascularization, reduces inflammation, promotes neurogenesis, and improves sensorimotor function post-injury in a rat model of ischemic stroke. More importantly, these data define an optimized and clinically-feasible rGDF11 dosing regimen for therapeutic development in ischemic stroke and identify a panel of candidate pharmacodynamic and mechanistic biomarkers to support clinical translation.
«Есть всё-таки что-то эротическое в происходящем на границах нашей империи»: эссе-расследование одной крылатой фразы
Authors: Абашин Сергей
Published: February 2025

The article examines a quote from the diary of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire, Pyotr Valuev, dedicated to the events of the summer of 1865 in Central Asia. This quote, including the phrase “There is still something erotic in what is happening on the borders of our empire,” became popular both in various academic texts and in the media sphere and turned into an oft-repeated aphorism. Sergei Abashin restores the original quote and “unpacks” the historical context in which it appeared, as well as the author’s own intentions. The article shows how the mistake of scientists when publishing Valuev’s diaries and manipulations with the quote led to various interpretations of it, far from the meaning of the original statement. The article is written in the genre of an academic research essay.
AMS Community Synthesis on Climate Change Solutions
Authors: Hooke William , Higgins Paul , Seitter Keith
Published: February 2025

After decades of intensive scientific research, a great deal is understood about the climate system and the impact people are having on it. Scientific evidence relating to climate change spans dozens of fields of study and includes work from tens of thousands of individual scientists. The evidence has been rigorously assessed and independently corroborated hundreds of times. Many climate change solutions are already well understood, fully developed, and available for implementation. Nevertheless, humanity has been largely ineffective in addressing climate change. This AMS Policy Program study provides a summary of input from the AMS community on climate change solutions. It was carried out in an accelerated time frame in response to a request from the National Science Foundation for rapid community input. Through these community discussions, this study identifies six key principles and seven solution areas for emphasis.
EXPRESS: Displaying the Amount of Consumption Time in Online Reviews Can Affect Helpful Votes
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Zhou Wenjun , Andrews Michelle
Published: February 2025

Some review platforms display how long reviewers used a product alongside their review. The authors investigate whether doing so translates to more helpful reviews. Using online reviews of video games from a video game platform and leveraging its unique playtime tracking feature, they find the relationship between the amount of time playing a game before posting a review and the number of helpful votes the review receives follows a u-shape, where shorter and longer playtimes correspond to more votes, while intermediate times correspond to fewer votes. How displayed consumption time affects consumer expectations potentially explains this relationship. The less time reviewers spend consuming a product, the lower others’ expectations of review helpfulness may be and hence the more lenient their judgements. More consumption time may increase these expectations, but extensive consumption time could overcome this higher bar by signaling credibility. Moderation results related to reviewer experience signaling and review or product characteristics, as well as mediation results involving consumer-gifted review awards help support this context-based expectations account. These results are robust to conditioning out review, reviewer, and game level factors, sample matching, and other settings. The findings have implications for reducing the asymmetric information problem, managing expectations, and optimizing reviews.
Essential Lecturer Competencies in English Medium Instruction: A Study Across Student Proficiency Levels
Authors: Ismailov Murod , Chiu Thomas KF , Aizawa Ikuya , Yamamoto Yukiko , Djalilova Nigora , Moorhouse Benjamin Luke
Published: February 2025

Identifying and developing competencies for English medium instruction (EMI) lecturers is crucial for enhancing the quality of EMI courses. This study, conducted in Japanese higher education, aimed to identify and categorize EMI lecturer competencies that students consider essential according to their varying English proficiency levels. Data were collected across 10 online and face-to-face EMI social science courses over three years and involved Japanese and international students ( N = 150). Key findings revealed that students slightly prioritized pedagogic competencies over lecturers’ linguistic abilities, highlighting that clear lesson planning, structured content delivery and fostering student interaction through learner-centred teaching methods are essential, regardless of students’ English proficiency. Meanwhile, linguistic clarity, particularly the use of accessible vocabulary and regular paraphrasing, emerged as crucial for effective instruction. Socio-emotional support, emphasizing empathy and addressing student anxiety, was identified as vital for fostering a conducive learning environment. Based on these findings, we propose a set of core lecturer competencies essential for effective teaching and learning in EMI social science courses.
Place attachment, place identity, sense of community, and local civic participation in an urban renewal context
Authors: Vidal Tomeu , Berroeta Hector , Andrés di Masso , Valera Sergi , Peró Maribel
Published: February 2025

Este artículo se centra en la participación de vecinos en los asuntos locales (actividades en el barrio, implicación en entidades locales, pertenencia a grupos vecinales) para explicar los vínculos socioespaciales (apego al lugar, identidad de lugar y sentido de comunidad) que ocurren a nivel de barrio. La relación de la participación con el apego al lugar y el sentido de comunidad es explorada en barrios en los que se está llevando a cabo un proceso participativo de regeneración urbana inserto en el programa “Quiero mi barrio” promovido por el Ministerio de Vivienda y Urbanismo chileno. Se seleccionaron cinco barrios (Valparaíso e Illapel, Chile), en los que se aplicaron escalas de apego al lugar, identidad de lugar, sentido de comunidad y participación a una muestra de 995 personas. Los resultados muestran que la participación local está relacionada con el apego al lugar a través del sentido de comunidad.
Anticoagulation Monitoring Strategies During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Therapy – Differences Between Simultaneously Obtained Coagulation Tests: A Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study
Authors: Reisinger Alexander C. , Schneider Nikolaus , Koellinger Marco , Hatzl Stefan , Hackl Gerald , Raggam Reinhard , von Lewinski Dirk , Posch Florian , Eller Philipp
Published: February 2025

Introduction

During extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) systemic anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin (UFH) is standard-of-care. However, there is uncertainty regarding optimal anticoagulation monitoring strategies.

Methods

We retrospectively investigated venovenous and venoarterial ECMO patients at the medical ICUs at the Medical University of Graz, Austria. We analyzed the correlation and concordance of R-time in thromboelastography (TEG), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and anti-Xa activity. The proportion within target range, the association of coagulation parameters above or below target range (aPTT 54–72 s; equals 1.5–2× upper limit of normal (ULN), anti-Xa activity 0.2–0.5 U/mL, and R-time in assays without heparinase 675–900 s; equals 1.5–2× ULN) with mortality, bleeding events and thrombotic complications were investigated.

Results

We analyzed 671 clusters of simultaneously performed coagulation tests in 85 ECMO cases that fulfilled inclusion criteria. Median age of patients was 57 years and 32% were female. There were poor correlations between the three coagulation tests and the proportion of discordance was 46%. Within the target range were 21% of R-time, 15% of aPTT, and 44% of anti-Xa activity measurements. Singular and multiple bleeding events occurred in 25 and 32 patients, respectively. The most common bleeding locations were catheter and cannula insertion sites followed by pulmonary hemorrhage. In VA-ECMO, anti-Xa activity was associated (OR 1.03 [1.01–1.06], p = 0.005) and correlated with bleeding events (spearman rho 0.49, p = 0.002; point biserial 0.49, p = 0.001). aPTT level below target range was associated with reduced mortality (OR 0.98 [0.97–0.99], p = 0.024). Thrombotic events occurred in six patients with no association of coagulation tests.

Conclusion

There was a high rate of discordance and poor correlation between aPTT, anti-Xa activity and R-time in TEG in ECMO patients. We found high rates of bleeding events and in VA-ECMO an association with elevated anti-Xa activity levels.
Eco-friendly conversion of carbon dioxide into solar fuels via artificial photosynthetic routes: A review
Authors: Mandad Tanushree , Chaubey Surabhi , Chaubey Vaishnavi
Published: February 2025

The greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) affects the environment drastically. Nowadays, the reduction of the CO2 level from the environment is a challenging task for researchers. Solar light-driven CO2 reduction via artificial photocatalysis is an auspicious method for achieving carbon neutrality. In the last few decades, a lot of research work has been done for photocatalytic CO2 reduction via photo-electrochemical and electrochemical methods. Herein, we summarise the recent advances in photocatalyst-biocatalyst coupled artificial photosynthetic systems for CO2 reduction and solar chemical production. In addition, we provide the application of produced solar chemicals for future perspectives. This study provides a clear background for the future progression of highly efficient CO2 reduction in an eco-friendly manner.
EXPRESS: When a Mighty Competitor Comes to Town, Can Adjusting Product Variety Shield Incumbent Stores from Sales Loss? Insights from Retail Collocation, Category, and Pre-Existing Competition
Authors: Wan Xiang
Published: February 2025

When a competitor enters a market, incumbent retail stores often adjust their product variety to maintain sales. However, no empirical evidence has been provided in the literature to justify the value of such product variety adjustments after a rival’s entry. One difficulty is that the change in consumer demand due to rival’s entry and changes in product variety simultaneously affect incumbents’ sales. When changes in sales at incumbent stores are observed after rivals’ entries, it is unclear whether the sales changes result from product variety adjustments or changes in consumer demand directly resulting from the entry. Even if adjusting product variety can potentially mitigate sales loss due to rivals’ entries, it is unclear whether such product variety adjustments provide a universal solution to all incumbent stores. This paper applies the difference-in-difference research design to develop a system of equations for product variety and sales at incumbent stores after rivals’ entries by exploiting the entries of warehouse clubs. The findings reveal that, on average, product variety at incumbent stores increased after the entries. This increased product variety mitigates the sales decreases caused by the entries with a diminishing return. After the entry of a warehouse club store, incumbent stores collocated with the new store have less sales loss than the non-collocated stores due to the trade-off between the substitution and agglomeration effects. Product variety adjustments at collocated incumbent stores experience greater sales benefits than non-collocated stores. Moreover, the sales loss that was mitigated by increased product variety at incumbent stores within the retail category of entrants is larger than others after the entry of a warehouse club store. Interestingly, the mitigation effect is not significant for certain incumbents, such as convenience and drug stores, which belong to different retail categories from entrants. This study also explores the heterogeneous effects by investigating pre-existing competition and different warehouse club chains. The empirical findings offer valuable insights to managers of incumbent stores on how to adjust product variety to reduce sales loss resulting from a rival’s entry.
EXPRESS: Privacy Paradox: the Roles of Online Shopping Habits and Regulatory Foci in Bridging the Intention–Behaviour Gap
Authors: Moayery Meysam , Urbonavičius Sigitas
Published: February 2025

This paper approaches the intention–behaviour gap within the context of the privacy paradox from a novel perspective, focusing on the moderating roles of online shopping habits and regulatory foci in the relationship between disclosure intention and actual disclosure behaviour. The two distinct studies reveal that both factors significantly contribute to shaping this gap (Study 1) and provide further insights into the processes underlying the identified effects (Study 2). Specifically, our data suggests that online shopping habits and regulatory foci influence the extent to which individuals translate their disclosure intentions into actual information disclosure behaviour. By examining these moderating variables in depth, this paper contributes to the domain of consumer privacy by offering a novel interpretation of the reasons behind the privacy paradox. Based on this, practical implications and recommendations for future studies are provided.
Project Victoria: A pragmatic data model to automate RWE generation from the national French claims database
Authors: Ouazzani Kevin , Ansolabehere Xavier , Journeau Florence , Vidal Alexandre , Jaubourg Nicolas , Doublet Maxime , Thollot Raphael , Fabre Arnaud , Glatt Nicolas
Published: February 2025

Objective: This paper describes Victoria, an empirically built data pipeline for SNDS to: - Build an automated, scalable pipeline supporting changes to the data model inherent to the use of large databases, - Deliver a documented pipeline with clear processes, enabling scientific, epidemiological researches, - Ease access to SNDS data in compliance with regulatory requirements. Methods: This paper describes the 2-steps process of the Victoria pipeline and its final output. The initial cleaning step consists in formatting, deleting empty, error or duplicate records and renaming variables without changing their values, accordingly with the official SNDS documentation. The second step consists in creating 2 linearised data models: every line of each table is an event, and each table is indexed with a unique patient identifier, without the need for a central patient or identifier table. These 2 models are: - the epidemiological model, used for answering most of the research questions requiring population phenotyping (demography, diagnosis, procedures characteristics). - the medico-economic model is used for costs and healthcare consumption analyses. It contains more complex information about reimbursements rates and the data quality assessment is focused on costs rather than medico-administrative information. Results: The pipeline was executed on 2 different datasets representing ∼85 000 and ∼870 000 beneficiaries with the following configuration: one master with 4 cores and 16Go of RAM and respectively 4 and 6 workers. The total execution time for the smaller dataset was 25 h and 96 h for the larger one. The longest part of those times is represented by the format conversion to parquet. The cleaning step took only 4 h in both cases. The epidemiological model took 344 min for the smaller dataset and 1934 min for the larger one. The medico-economic model took the longest time with 704 min and 2145 min, respectively. Conclusion: Victoria pipeline is a successfully implemented SNDS pipeline. Compared to previous pipelines, reviewability is part of its design as unit tests and quality assessments can natively be developed to ensure data and analysis quality. The pipeline has been used for 2 published studies. The recent work toward OMOP conversion will be integrated in upcoming versions and, as Victoria is set to run on a CD platform, the potential evolution if SNDS format can be considered.
Research on transmission line planning through massive data mining based on historical survey designs
Authors: Qu Zhanfei , Dong Gang , He Chunhui , Sun Qigang , Xie Dan , Lu Ling
Published: February 2025

The growing demand for reliable and efficient power transmission has necessitated innovative solutions for transmission line planning. Despite advancements in energy systems, transmission line planning faces challenges related to optimizing routes and capacities while accommodating historical data variability and demand forecasts. The objective of the study is to utilize massive data mining techniques on historical survey designs to enhance transmission line planning, improving efficiency and reliability in the electrical grid while reducing costs and environmental impact. The study collects historical transmission data, including load forecasts, transmission line specifications, outage records, and demand patterns. The proposed study introduces an Intelligent Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (IGOA) method for analyzing historical transmission data. This method identifies optimal transmission line placements and capacities, and enhancing decision-making by optimizing multiple objectives, including cost, reliability, and efficiency in power transmission planning. Simulations are conducted on the IEEE 118-bus system, testing various cases to ensure the robustness and efficiency of IGOA approach. The outcomes demonstrate the plans generated through the proposed IGOA strategy yield significantly lower expansion costs compared to traditional transmission line planning models, exhibiting minimal operational infeasibilities that can be easily addressed in short-term expansion planning. This research highlights a robust framework that can be adapted to various energy systems, ultimately supporting more sustainable and reliable power transmission infrastructure.
Why they do it and why they don’t: Self-interest vs. altruistic tendencies as explanations of criminal behavior
Authors: Botchkovar Ekaterina V. , Antonaccio Olena , Hughes Lorine A. , Timmer Anastasiia
Published: February 2025

Our study juxtaposes egoistic and altruistic motivations as explanations of criminal behavior. Self-control, reward/cost considerations, and moral values are investigated as possible mediating and conditional influences on the relationship between these motivations and crime. To do so, we utilize self-report data from a random sample of 1435 Ukrainian and Russian respondents. Findings confirm a relationship between altruistic orientation/self-interest and offending, with altruism and self-interest being significantly mediated by perceived rewards and costs of offending, moral beliefs, and self-control. Furthermore, morality, self-control, and perceived rewards condition the association between altruistic tendencies and crime, whereas their moderating effects on the relationship between self-interest and crime are less consistent. Altruistic orientation fails to reduce the likelihood of offending among individuals with very low levels of morality and self-control or those finding crime particularly attractive. Therefore, while altruism may protect against crime, this effect will likely be offset by strong predispositions to crime.
Investigating the Role of the Physical Environment on Communication Patterns in Emergency Departments During Caregiving for Pediatric Mental and Behavioral Health Patients
Authors: Jiang Yueci , Joseph Anjali , Gripko Monica , Mihandoust Sahar , Zinzow Heidi , Easler Lucinda , Dietrich Ann ,   RIPCHD.PED Study Group
Published: February 2025

Objective

This study investigates how the physical environment influences communication dynamics among staff members, pediatric mental and behavioral health (MBH) patients, and their families in the emergency department (ED).

Background

The United States faces a public health challenge as MBH conditions in school-age children contribute to an increasing number of ED visits. Effective communication plays a pivotal role in pediatric MBH caregiving, where challenges often arise due to the sensitive nature of these conditions.

Methods

This qualitative study involved observations and semistructured interviews with 55 care providers across four hospital-based EDs in the southeastern United States.

Results

Qualitative thematic analysis of the interviews identified physical environment impacts on communication at three scales: unit, staff workstation, and patient care space. This study identified aspects of the physical environment, such as proximity, visibility, crowding, and privacy as influential factors in communication patterns for the MBH care process in ED.

Conclusions

The physical environment has an essential impact on communication patterns and care delivery for the increasing number of pediatric MBH patients in the ED.
“My Reading Life”
Authors: Weaver John A.
Published: February 2025

In this article, I outline the academic life of reading, what it demands, and what it has become for too many—an evasion of thinking. I discuss the crisis that the evasion of reading has caused and how the contemporary university has promoted this crisis. I rely on established critics of reading and academic work (J. Hillis Miller and Isabella Stengers) to think myself out of this crisis and to maintain high standards for living an intellectual life. Further, I discuss the habits I built to construct an intellectual life of solitude centered in reading.