bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theory of Mind as a Mediator Between Emotional Trust Beliefs and Interpersonal Communication Competence in a Group of Young Adults
Authors: Petrocchi Serena , Filipponi C. , Antonietti C. , Levante A. , Lecciso F.
Published: April 2020

Research has provided direct and indirect evidence of associations between trust beliefs and social-perceptual theory of mind (ToM) and between social-perceptual ToM and interpersonal communication competence during childhood and adolescence. This research (a) developed a scale for evaluating trust beliefs in young Italian adults (Study 1) and (b) examined how social-perceptual ToM mediates the relationship between emotional trust beliefs and interpersonal communication competences such as assertiveness and empathy (Study 2). In Study 1, a sample of 168 university students ( M = 23.3, SD = 3 months) completed the Italian Adults’ Generalized Trust Beliefs (AGTB) scale and two second-order false beliefs tasks. In Study 2, 318 Italian university students ( M = 22.96 years, SD = 2 months) completed the AGTB scale, the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, and items measuring assertiveness and empathy. As expected, the AGTB scale exhibited acceptable internal consistency, structural validity, and construct validity. Furthermore, path analysis confirmed the existence of the hypothesized paths between adults’ emotional trust beliefs, social-perceptual ToM, assertiveness, and empathy. This study also identified the effects of gender on the other variables, but sex did not moderate the relationships between variables.
Beyond Academic Achievement Outcomes: The Impact of School on the Immigrant Political Incorporation of Undocumented Latinx Youth
Authors: Michaels Erin
Published: April 2020

The immigrant political incorporation scholarship tends to stress the positive role that schools play in integrating undocumented Latinx youth. Yet, the racialization in school literature indicates that school is often a disempowering place for students of color. This study helps to explain this divergence. It draws from a case study of a struggling high school undergoing state-led reform in a new immigrant destination and analyzes data from school ethnography and student interviews. Deploying the concept of “critical bureaucratic incorporation,” this study explores how school reforms emphasizing high-stakes testing affected the students’ political incorporation. The findings show how these reforms disproportionately negatively affected the Latinx students, nearly all of whom were undocumented immigrants. The results suggest that future studies of immigrant political incorporation consider the case of struggling schools and insights from average students; and that the racialization in school literature address how school reforms affect students beyond academic achievement outcomes.
Information Sources on Healthy Eating Among Community Living Older Adults
Authors: Oliveira Leandro , Poínhos Rui , Afonso Cláudia , Vaz Almeida Maria Daniel
Published: April 2020

Information about nutrition and health are important to empower older adults on what their food choice is concerned. The present research aims to study the perceived need and preferences regarding sources of information about healthy eating among older adults and to relate them with sociodemographic characteristics. A sample of 602 older adults (≥65 years old) living in the community (Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal) was assessed by trained nutritionists using a structured questionnaire developed within the Pronutrisenior project. Most participants (87.5%) are concerned about healthy eating, and 69.3% would like to receive more information about the subject, mainly as audiovisual material (49.8%). Women prefer to receive information through practical cooking sessions and audiovisual material. Highly educated individuals prefer leaflets with text as well as audiovisual material, while more independent individuals prefer a wide range of media, such as booklets with pictures, informational posters, and food education and practical cooking sessions. Those with an adequate social support network prefer booklets with text. Age was not related to these preferences. These results can inform stakeholders about the most effective means of transmitting information on food and nutrition to older adults and are therefore useful in tailoring community and clinical interventions.
Diagnostic performance of coronal view in comparison with transverse view of three-dimensional automated breast ultrasound
Authors: Suzuki Megumi , Nakayama Ryohei , Namba Kiyoshi , Kawami Hiroyuki , Nara Mayumi , Smathers Ralph L , Nakamura Seigo
Published: April 2020

Background

Automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) is one of the first ultrasound devices which enables the de-coupling of image acquisition and interpretation. Another feature of ABUS is the coronal view, utilizing three-dimensional volume data reconstructed from two-dimensional transverse images acquired automatically.

Purpose

To assess the diagnostic performance of coronal view interpretation by comparing it with that of the transverse view.

Material and Methods

This was a retrospective, multi-case, observer study using a cancer-enriched dataset of ABUS images at a single institution with approval by an Institutional Review Board. The 100 scan datasets selected between October 2014 and January 2017 included 70 non-cancer cases and 30 malignancies. In the present observer study, two experienced physicians provided their confidence levels regarding the malignancy of each of the 100 scan datasets independently. The reading times for interpretation of coronal and transverse views were recorded.

Results

Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for two observers with the transverse view (0.856) was improved by use of the coronal view (0.917, P = 0.036). The average reading times were 140.4 s with the coronal view and 148.5 s with the transverse view per scan dataset ( P = 0.246).

Conclusion

It is conceivable that the accurate use of the coronal view will lead to improvement in diagnostic performance in breast cancer screening, although this needs to be confirmed with a larger prospective study.
Evaluation of Teacher Practices and Student Achievement in High-Poverty Schools
Authors: Reddy Linda A. , Lekwa Adam , Dudek Christopher , Kettler Ryan , Hua Anh
Published: April 2020

This investigation examined whether teacher practices, as measured by the Classroom Strategies Assessment System (CSAS), were associated with students’ proficiency and gain scores, as measured by the Measure of Academic Progress (MAP), in 13 high-poverty charter schools in New Jersey. Results from two-level hierarchical linear models, fitted to a sample of 2,188 Kindergarteners through eighth-grade students in 110 classrooms, revealed that instructional and behavior management strategies on the CSAS were associated with (a) MAP gains in mathematics but not in reading and (b) MAP Rasch Unit (RIT) (proficiency) scores in mathematics and reading. The relationship between CSAS scores and student achievement did not differ across grade levels. In general, students in classrooms with higher quality use of classroom strategies exhibited higher gains in mathematics and proficiency scores in mathematics and reading. Implications for research and educational practices are discussed.
A reappraisal of the nominal curvature method in the fire design of reinforced concrete columns
Authors: Bamonte Patrick
Published: April 2020

A reappraisal of the method based on nominal curvature for designing reinforced concrete columns in fire is proposed, with the focus on the validation of an alternative and widely accepted way of applying the method, which differs from the current provisions of EN 1992-1-2. To this end, a systematic comparison between experimental and numerical results is carried out on a database consisting of 74 columns tested in different laboratories. The comparison shows that the method based on nominal curvature yields conservative estimates of the time to failure. Moreover, the numerical results obtained are reasonably close to those obtained by means of finite element analysis. By contrast, if the method is applied in combination with the simplified methods introduced in EN 1992-1-2, the numerical results are not conservative, with a significant overestimation of the bearing capacity of the columns, and of the time to failure, mainly because of the overestimation of the stiffness by the simplified methods.
Local Planning in the Age of Mass Decarceration
Authors: Knapp Courtney
Published: April 2020

This exploratory study discusses the results of a nationwide survey of planning directors, designed to understand whether local agencies understand and actively engage with reentry and social integration efforts targeting formerly incarcerated people. The results suggest agencies play administrative-bureaucratic roles facilitating environments that affect housing and employment opportunities for formerly incarcerated populations, yet many appear unaware of how regulatory and policy frameworks translate into local infrastructures of inclusion and exclusion. These knowledge gaps are exacerbated by engagement practices that tend to privilege security and incarceration stakeholders over those connected to reentry, including formerly incarcerated people themselves.
Troubling the discourse of the victimization of queer youth in Icelandic and South African education
Authors: Francis Dennis A , Kjaran Jón Ingvar
Published: April 2020

The homophobia and hostility experienced by queer learners in Icelandic and South African schools are well documented. Drawing on in-depth interviews with queer youth (16–19 years) in Iceland and South Africa, this paper aims at understanding how queer youth navigate heterosexist and homophobic school spaces and create some positive spaces. The findings highlight that queer youth employ various social and discursive strategies to (re)position themselves as agentic subjects. They counter heteronormativity by drawing on what we define in this paper as “queer capital”, which entails deploying various social and discursive strategies to establish some kind of distinction within the school and in their interaction with peers. Humour, parody, and active resistance, as well as finding ways to escape the regulatory mechanisms of gender, and relating easily to both genders, are examples of the social/discursive strategies employed by our participants and discussed in the paper. The paper then concludes with implications for research with queer youth.
Black lesbian women in South Africa: Citizenship and the coloniality of power
Authors: Stephens Angeline , Boonzaier Floretta
Published: April 2020

Current conceptualisations of citizenship in South Africa are embedded in the egalitarian discourse of the Constitution, lauded for its recognition of historically marginalised groups, including sexually and gender diverse people. Within the paradox of progressive legal advancements and the legacy of colonialism and apartheid, we use a decolonial feminist lens to critically engage with the notion of citizenship for black lesbian women in contemporary South Africa. We adopt a social-psychological perspective of citizenship as an active practice, embedded within the dynamic intersections of historical, structural and discursive patterns of power-knowledge relations in everyday life. We draw from five focus group discussions that were part of a study that explored the intersections of identity, power and violence in the lives of black lesbian women in South Africa. Focusing on the enactments of citizenship in public spaces, we contend that black lesbian women’s lived experiences of citizenship point to the enduring manifestations of the coloniality of power, in which the centrality of race underpins the intersections of class, gender and sexuality. We conclude by arguing that current conceptualisations of full citizenship in contemporary South Africa require a reframing that recognises the coloniality of power and the heterogeneity of marginalised and invisibilised subjectivities.
Managing Uncertainty During the Communication of Diagnostic Test Information Between Patients and Clinicians in Australian Emergency Care
Authors: Miao Melissa , Dahm Maria R. , Li Julie , Thomas Judith , Georgiou Andrew
Published: April 2020

We sought (a) an inductive understanding of patient and clinician perspectives and experiences of the communication of diagnostic test information and (b) a normative understanding of the management of uncertainty that occurs during the clinical encounter in emergency care. Between 2016 and 2018, 58 interviews were conducted with patients and nursing, medical, and managerial staff. Interview data were sequentially analyzed through an inductive thematic analysis, then a normative theory of uncertainty management. Themes of “Ideals,” “Service Efficiency,” and “Managing Uncertainty” were inductively identified as influencing the communication of diagnostic test information. A normative theory of uncertainty management highlighted (a) how these themes reflected the interaction’s sociocultural context, encapsulated various criteria by which clinicians and patients evaluated the appropriateness and effectiveness of their communication, and represented competing goals during the clinical encounter, and (b) how systemic tensions between themes accounted for when diagnostic test information communication occurred, was deferred or avoided.
Post quantum proxy signature scheme based on the multivariate public key cryptographic signature
Authors: Chen Jiahui , Ling Jie , Ning Jianting , Panaousis Emmanouil , Loukas George , Liang Kaitai , Chen Jiageng
Published: April 2020

Proxy signature is a very useful technique which allows the original signer to delegate the signing capability to a proxy signer to perform the signing operation. It finds wide applications especially in the distributed environment where the entities such as the wireless sensors are short of computational power and needed to be convinced to the authenticity of the server. Due to less proxy signature schemes in the post-quantum cryptography aspect, in this article, we investigate the proxy signature in the post-quantum setting so that it can resist against the potential attacks from the quantum adversaries. A general multivariate public key cryptographic proxy scheme based on a multivariate public key cryptographic signature scheme is proposed, and a heuristic security proof is given for our general construction. We show that the construction can reach Existential Unforgeability under an Adaptive Chosen Message Attack with Proxy Key Exposure assuming that the underlying signature is Existential Unforgeability under an Adaptive Chosen Message Attack. We then use our general scheme to construct practical proxy signature schemes for three well-known and promising multivariate public key cryptographic signature schemes. We implement our schemes and compare with several previous constructions to show our efficiency advantage, which further indicates the potential application prospect in the distributed network environment.
A genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies regulation factors of the TLR3 signalling pathway
Authors: Zablocki-Thomas Laurent , Menzies Sam A , Lehner Paul J , Manel Nicolas , Benaroch Philippe
Published: April 2020

A subset of TLRs is specialised in the detection of incoming pathogens by sampling endosomes for nucleic acid contents. Among them, TLR3 senses the abnormal presence of double-stranded RNA in the endosomes and initiates a potent innate immune response via activation of NF-κB and IRF3. Nevertheless, mechanisms governing TLR3 regulation remain poorly defined. To identify new molecular players involved in the TLR3 pathway, we performed a genome-wide screen using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. We generated TLR3+ reporter cells carrying a NF-κB-responsive promoter that controls GFP expression. Cells were next transduced with a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) library, subjected to sequential rounds of stimulation with poly(I:C) and sorting of the GFP-negative cells. Enrichments in sgRNA estimated by deep sequencing identified genes required for TLR3-induced activation of NF-κB. Among the hits, five genes known to be critically involved in the TLR3 pathway, including TLR3 itself and the chaperone UNC93B1, were identified by the screen, thus validating our strategy. We further studied the top 40 hits and focused on the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Depletion of AhR had a dual effect on the TLR3 response, abrogating IL-8 production and enhancing IP-10 release. Moreover, in primary human macrophages exposed to poly(I:C), AhR activation enhanced IL-8 and diminished IP-10 release. Overall, these results reveal AhR plays a role in the TLR3 cellular innate immune response.
The Digital Spotlight: Applying a Connective Action Framework of Political Protest to Global Watchdog Reporting
Authors: Carson Andrea
Published: April 2020

Digital technologies have transformed advertising markets causing disruption to the funding of traditional media. Yet, paradoxically, the digital age also provides new opportunities for journalism, enabling innovations in investigative reporting on a global scale. However, the transition of investigative journalism from a single newsroom to a multi-newsroom model—involving large-scale transnational collaboration, use of social media networks to extend audience reach and impact, and data journalism to analyze mass data leaks—is understudied. This paper adapts a conceptual framework usually applied to large-scale political protest movements to large-scale collaborative investigative journalism. It aims to show how Lance Bennett and Alexandra Segerberg’s “logic of connective action” can be adapted to understand different forms of networked action such as global collaborative watchdog reporting. Bennett and Segerberg identify three distinct types of large-scale protest formations and this paper contends that these can be approximated to fit different types of large-scale transnational collaborative investigative journalism. Using a case study methodology and interviews with investigative journalists, the article develops a framework to differentiate between types of large-scale investigative collaborations. The framework helps to understand differences between the collaborative investigative reporting efforts of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ), WikiLeaks, and Edward Snowden’s National Security Agency (NSA) leaks. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this article seeks to advance theoretical understandings of global watchdog reporting in the digital age.
Loneliness and sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Griffin Sarah C , Williams Allison B , Ravyts Scott G , Mladen Samantha N , Rybarczyk Bruce D
Published: April 2020

Despite the mounting evidence linking loneliness with health, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain obscure. This systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between loneliness and one potential mechanism—sleep—identified 27 relevant articles. Loneliness correlated with self-reported sleep disturbance ( r = .28, 95% confidence interval (.24, .33)) but not duration, across a diverse set of samples and measures. There was no evidence supporting age or gender as moderators or suggesting publication bias. The longitudinal relationship between loneliness and sleep remains unclear. Loneliness is related to sleep disturbance, but research is necessary to determine directionality, examine the influence of other factors, and speak to causality.
Revolutionary mass uprisings in authoritarian regimes
Authors: Albrecht Holger , Koehler Kevin
Published: April 2020

This article explores the conditions under which revolutionary mass uprisings are likely to occur. We offer a probabilistic explanation of the social and political conditions that make people rise against autocrats. The article presents a medium-n dataset of 79 revolutionary mass uprisings in 165 autocracies since 1945. Since revolutions are rare events, a combination of factors must come together to trigger them. Drawing on the extant literature on revolutionary change, we find initial support for a range of discrete factors. Our findings suggest that four such factors are particularly powerful explanations of revolutionary mass uprisings—and a combination of those factors will go a long way in predicting revolutionary change: a history of protracted low-level popular contention; the presence of personalist regimes; long tenure of incumbents in office; and the showroom effect of uprisings in the temporal and spatial vicinity of states. In a broader theoretical perspective, these findings give rise to a breaking-point explanation of revolutionary situations, emphasizing that mass uprisings build up over time, whereas structuralist theories or grievance-based approaches fare less well in predicting revolutionary ruptures.
Spousal Caregiving in Community Settings in Canada: Implications for Nursing Professionals
Authors: Stewart Stacey
Published: April 2020

Objective: Spousal caregivers report significantly more health effects and psychological consequences than caregivers of aging parents. Traditional approaches to assist these caregivers often include lifestyle approaches with a lack of health promotion initiatives. Consequently, alternative approaches to facilitate the adaptation to the social context of spousal caregivers’ experiences are needed. Method: This article systematically reviewed literature on spousal caregiving in Canada using a health promotion approach. Nine peer reviewed articles were identified from the health and social care literature and critically analyzed for relevant themes. Results: Gender, social support, health care, and income emerged as themes in the literature published to date. Discussion: The article concludes with directions for future research in Canada and suggested solutions for family nursing practice.
A Systematic Literature Review of Teacher Entrepreneurship
Authors: Keyhani Najmeh , Kim Mi Song
Published: April 2020

Teacher entrepreneurship has received increasing attention over the past 15 years. However, the concept remains underdeveloped and understudied. To fill this gap in the literature, we aim to conceptualize teacher entrepreneurship through a systematic literature review of current scholarly work on the topic. Results of our study provide competencies and traits which are commonly attributed to teacher entrepreneurs, along with actions which they carry out. Teacher entrepreneurs are socially motivated individuals who are innovative, collaborative, proactive, opportunity-minded, present in their work, knowledgeable, dedicated, resourceful, risk tolerant, visionary, and self-improvement oriented. Actions related to these competencies along with more detailed examples from the literature are provided. This systematic conceptualization of teacher entrepreneurship could potentially create a scholarly basis for future work to build on, both in the education and entrepreneurship fields. Interdisciplinary work of this kind may also open doors for these two fields to learn from and contribute to each other. Results of this study can also facilitate the recognition and support of current teacher entrepreneurs and help pave the way for new entrepreneurs to flourish.
Community initiated kangaroo mother care and early child development in low birth weight infants in India-a randomized controlled trial
Authors:   for the ciKMC development study group, Taneja Sunita , Sinha Bireshwar , Upadhyay Ravi Prakash , Mazumder Sarmila , Sommerfelt Halvor , Martines Jose , Dalpath Suresh Kumar , Gupta Rakesh , Kariger Patricia , Bahl Rajiv , Bhandari Nita , Dua Tarun
Published: April 2020

Background

In a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 8402 stable low birthweight (LBW) infants, majority being late preterm or term small for gestational age, community-initiated KMC (ciKMC) showed a significant improvement in survival. However, the effect of ciKMC on neurodevelopment is unclear. This is important to elucidate as children born with low birth weight are at high risk of neurodevelopmental deficits. In the first 552 stable LBW infants enrolled in the above trial, we evaluated the effect of ciKMC on neurodevelopmental outcomes during infancy.

Method

This RCT was conducted among 552 stable LBW infants, majorly late preterm or term small for gestational age infants without any problems at birth and weighing 1500–2250 g at birth. The intervention comprised of promotion of skin-to-skin contact and exclusive breastfeeding by trained intervention delivery team through home visits. The intervention group mother-infant-dyads were supported to practice ciKMC till day 28 after birth or until the baby wriggled-out. All infants in the intervention and control groups received Home Based Post Natal Care (HBPNC) visits by government health workers. Cognitive, language, motor and socio-emotional outcomes were assessed at infant-ages 6- and 12-months using Bayley Scale of Infant Development (BSID-III). Other outcomes measured were infant temperament, maternal depression, maternal sense of competence, mother-infant bonding and home-environment. We performed post-hoc equivalence testing using two one-sided tests of equivalence (TOST) to provide evidence that ciKMC does not do harm in terms of neurodevelopment.

Results

In the intervention arm, the median (IQR) time to initiate ciKMC was 48 (48 to 72) hours after birth. The mean (SD) duration of skin-to-skin-contact was 27.9 (3.9) days with a mean (SD) of 8.7 (3.5) hours per day. We did not find significant effect of ciKMC on any of the child developmental outcomes during infancy. The TOST analysis demonstrated that composite scores for cognitive, language and motor domains at 12 months among the study arms were statistically equivalent.

Conclusion

Our study was unable to capture any effect of ciKMC on neurodevelopment during infancy in this sample of stable late preterm or term small for gestational age infants. Long term follow-up may provide meaningful insights.

Trial registration

The trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT02631343 dated February 17, 2016; Retrospectively registered.
The views of physicians and nurses on the potentials of an electronic assessment system for recognizing the needs of patients in palliative care
Authors: Radionova Natalia , Becker Gerhild , Mayer-Steinacker Regine , Gencer Deniz , Rieger Monika A. , Preiser Christine
Published: April 2020

Objectives

Patients in oncological and palliative care (PC) often have complex needs, which require a comprehensive treatment approach. The assessment of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) has been shown to improve identification of patient needs and foster adjustment of treatment. This study explores occupational routines, attitudes and expectations of physicians and nurses with regards to a planned electronic assessment system of PROs.

Methods

Ten physicians and nine nurses from various PC settings in Southern Germany were interviewed. The interviews were analysed with qualitative content analysis.

Results

The interviewees were sceptical about the quality of data generated through a patient self-assessment system. They criticised the rigidity of the electronic assessment questionnaire, which the interviewees noted may not fit the profile of all palliative patients. They feared the loss of personal contact between medical staff and patients and favoured in-person conversation and on-site observations on site over the potential system. Interviewees saw potential in being able to discover unseen needs from some patients. Interviewees evaluated the system positively in the case that the system served to broadly orient care plans without affecting or reducing the patient-caregiver relationship.

Conclusions

A significant portion of the results touch upon the symbolic acceptance of the suggested system, which stands for an increasing standardisation and technisation of medicine where interpersonal contact and the professional expertise are marginalized. The study results can provide insight for processes and communication in the run-up to and during the implementation of electronic assessment systems.
Systemic Inflammation and Outcome in 2295 Patients with Stage I–III Colorectal Cancer from Scotland and Norway: First Results from the ScotScan Colorectal Cancer Group
Authors: Park James H. , Fuglestad Anniken J. , Køstner Anne H. , Oliwa Agata , Graham Janet , Horgan Paul G. , Roxburgh Campbell S. D. , Kersten Christian , McMillan Donald C.
Published: April 2020

Background

Systemic inflammatory response (SIR) is an adverse prognostic marker in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The ScotScan Colorectal Cancer Group was established to examine how markers of the SIR differ between populations and may be utilised to guide prognosis.

Patients and Methods

Patients undergoing resection of stage I–III CRC from two prospective datasets in Scotland and Norway were included. The relationship between the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS; combination of C-reactive protein and albumin) and overall survival (OS) was examined. The relationship between OS, adjuvant chemotherapy regime and mGPS was examined in patients with stage III colon cancer.

Results

A total of 2295 patients were included. Patients from Scotland were more inflamed despite controlling for associated characteristics using multivariate logistic regression or propensity score matching (OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.98–4.01, p < 0.001). mGPS had similar independent prognostic value in both cohorts (Scotland: HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.12–1.45; Norway: HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01–1.49) and stratified survival independent of TNM group in the whole cohort. In patients with stage III colon cancer receiving adjuvant therapy, there appeared to be a survival benefit in systemically inflamed patients receiving oxaliplatin but not single-agent 5-fluorouracil or capecitabine.

Conclusions

The SIR differs between populations from different countries; however prognostic value remains similar. The present study strongly supports the routine reporting of the mGPS in patients with CRC.
Haematological Parameters of Pregnant Kano Brown Does Vaccinated Against Peste Des Petits Ruminants in Nigeria
Authors: Orakpoghenor Ochuko , Markus Talatu P. , Adamu Jibril , Kazeem Haruna M. , Olaolu Olushola S.
Published: April 2020

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an endemic disease of small ruminants globally and, the disease controlled primarily by vaccination. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in haematological parameters of pregnant goats vaccinated against PPR. Ten pregnant female goats were obtained for the purpose of this study. The pregnant goats were at about the same stage of pregnancy, confirmed by ultrasonography. Vaccination using the Nigeria 75/1 PPR virus vaccine was done at first trimester of pregnancy. Protective antibodies against PPR were detected one week post-vaccination using competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). Blood samples were collected in sample bottles containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) before vaccination and at two weeks interval post-vaccination for ten weeks. Microhaematocrit and thin blood smear techniques were used for the haematological analyses. Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) was determined using the cyanmethaemoglobin method. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were calculated. There was no statistically significant difference in all the haematological parameters before and after vaccination against PPR. In conclusion, the vaccination of apparently healthy pregnant goats against PPR produced no alteration in the haemogram.
Rapid tilted-plane Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm for holographic optical tweezers
Authors: Cai Yanan , Yan Shaohui , Wang Zhaojun , Li Runze , Liang Yansheng , Zhou Yuan , Li Xing , Yu Xianghua , Lei Ming , Yao Baoli
Published: April 2020

Benefitting from the development of commercial spatial light modulator (SLM), holographic optical tweezers (HOT) have emerged as a powerful tool for life science, material science and particle physics. The calculation of computer-generated holograms (CGH) for generating multi-focus arrays plays a key role in HOT for trapping of a bunch of particles in parallel. To realize dynamic 3D manipulation, we propose a new tilted-plane GS algorithm for fast generation of multiple foci. The multi-focal spots with a uniformity of 99% can be generated in a tilted plane. The computation time for a CGH with 512×512 pixels is less than 0.1 second. We demonstrated the power of the algorithm by simultaneously trapping and rotating silica beads with a 7×7 spots array in three dimensions. The presented algorithm is expected as a powerful kernel of HOT.
Art-based methods for Participatory Action Research (PAR)
Authors: Kunt Zeynep
Published: April 2020

By reflecting on alternative forms of knowledge co-production through art-based methods, the article discusses the potential of Participatory Action Research (PAR) as a responsive research praxis. Art-based methods have widely been used in research engaging communities through giving access to the worlds of participants. At the intersections of disciplines, benefiting from a range of art forms from photography to theatre, this approach provides the space and tools for the exploration of multiple perspectives about shared problems or questions. In this respect, PAR is a significant methodology for communication studies with its alternative ways of knowledge production by positioning ‘dialogue’ and ‘participation’ at the centre.
An ethnography of Gazete Sujin: Women-centred journalism of Kurdish women
Authors: Karagoz Zubeyde
Published: April 2020

In this commentary the news practices of Kurdish women media has been examined in terms of gender and human rights-based journalism. The work emphasizes the significance of an ethnographic method on studying a minority media since it discusses that the method broadens perspectives in order to understand different dynamics of news making process. This study is mainly based on the author’s MA dissertation which focused on a Kurdish women news portal, Gazete Sujin, in 2017.
What's in a title? The developing role of an artist-critic in the university
Authors: Daichendt G. James
Published: April 2020

Arts professionals within higher education struggle with identity. Dual roles across departments, the changing role of the arts professor and non-traditional positions have challenged the notion of the studio arts instructor and whether institutional expectations are the best way to think about the future of the arts in higher education. As a veteran arts professor, dean, art historian, art critic and artist – my role is not as straightforward as I originally thought it might be as an undergrad studio art major. Through a series of significant streams in my education and personal life, including successes and failures in the academic and professional art world – a new identity emerged that is not represented in search profiles, academic departments or administrative positions.
Bio-equivalence study of two oral doxycycline formulations (doxycycline kela 75%Â® and mebcodox 75%Â®) in broiler Chickens
Authors: El-Komy Ashraf , Aboubakr Mohamed
Published: April 2020

The present study was designed to assess the comparative bio-equivalence of Doxycycline Kela 75%Â® and Mebcodox 75%Â® in healthy broiler chickens after oral administration of both products in a dose of 20 mg doxycycline base/kg.b.wt. Twenty four broiler chickens were divided into two groups. The first group was designed to study the pharmacokinetics of Doxycycline Kela 75%Â®, while the 2nd group was designed to study the pharmacokinetics of Mebcodox 75%Â®. Each broiler chickens in both groups were orally administered with 20 mg doxycycline base/kg.b.wt. Blood samples were obtained from the wing vein and collected immediately before and at 0.08, 0.16, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours after a single oral administration The disposition kinetics of Doxycycline Kela 75%Â® and Mebcodox 75%Â® following oral administration of 20 mg doxycycline base/kg.b.wt. revealed that the maximum blood concentration [Cmax] were 3.35 and 3.28 Î¼g/ml and attained at [tmax] of 0.97 and 0.99 hours, respectively.In conclusion: Mebcodox 75%Â® is bioequivalent to Doxycycline Kela 75%Â® since the ratios of Cmax, AUC0-24 and AUC0-âˆž (T/R) was 0.97, 0.95 and 0.94 respectively. These are within the bioequivalence acceptance range. Mebcodox 75%Â® and Doxycycline Kela 75%Â® are therefore bioequivalent and interchangeable.Â Â Â
Der Wandel von Economic Citizenship im Zuge der europäischen Integration
Authors: Nachtwey Oliver , Seeliger Martin
Published: April 2020

Die Frage nach dem sozialen Gehalt der europäischen Integration ist nach wie vor ungeklärt. Während auf europäischer Ebene die zivilen und politischen Dimensionen von „Citizenship“ gestärkt wurden, sind gerade hinsichtlich der ökonomischen und sozialen Rechte die Entwicklungen uneindeutig, widersprüchlich – und noch wenig erforscht. Der vorliegende Text überträgt Citizenship als zentrale Kategorie der Modernisierungstheorie auf die Erforschung der europäischen Integration. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf der Analyse des Wandels von „Economic Citizenship“ als spezielle Kategorie staatsbürgerlicher Rechte mit Blick auf die Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Diese Dynamik diskutieren wir am Beispiel von drei Politikfeldern, die unterschiedliche Ebenen von „Economic Citizenship“ abbilden. Mit diesem Aufsatz verfolgen wir zwei Ziele: Erstens wollen wir Marshalls modernisierungstheoretische These der fortschreitenden sozialen Integration unter den Bedingungen der europäischen Integration überprüfen und zweitens das Konzept der „Economic/Industrial Citizenship“, das zuvor mit wenigen Ausnahmen keine große Rolle in der Weiterentwicklung von Marshalls Theorie gespielt hat, systematisch und empirisch in den Vordergrund stellen.
Alles nur Mode? Organisation und Sprache in den Creative Industries
Authors: Nyfeler Judith , Hasse Raimund
Published: April 2020

Mit Bezug auf die Modeindustrie und unter Berücksichtigung von zwei empirischen Untersuchungsfällen zeigt dieser Beitrag, wie Kreativität über Routinen, Projekte und Kooperationen sowie durch Sprache – retrospektiv mittels Storytellings und Shows; prospektiv mittels Narrativen – hervorgebracht wird. Kreativität – verstanden als Entwurf, Herstellung und Darstellung eines Produkts, das Kreativitätszuschreibungen ermöglicht – ist somit ein kollektiver Prozess (d. h. sie wird durch eine Vielzahl von Akteuren initiiert und umgesetzt), sie ist organisiert (d. h. die Koordination arbeitsteiliger und zeitlich befristeter Projekte erfolgt über bestimmte Organisationen bzw. Abteilungen oder Stellen), und sie ist institutionell verankert (d. h. durch Werte und Grundüberzeugungen so abgesichert, dass sie erwartet wird). Die abschließende Diskussion erörtert Implikationen insbesondere im Hinblick auf Innovationseffekte und thematisiert Fragen der Übertragbarkeit, die über die Creative Industries hinausreichen.
Nicht-/Anerkennung im Lebenszusammenhang prekär Beschäftigter ohne Paarbeziehung: Kompensation oder Kumulation von Anerkennungsdefiziten?
Authors: Wimbauer Christine , Motakef Mona
Published: April 2020

Im Zentrum des Beitrages stehen Anerkennungsverhältnisse bei prekär Beschäftigten ohne Paarbeziehungen, die wir aus einer sinnverstehenden Perspektive auf den Lebenszusammenhang untersuchen: Werden erwerbsseitige Anerkennungsdefizite (und fehlende Paar-Liebe) in anderen Nahbeziehungen oder anderen Sinndimensionen kompensiert, abgefedert oder verstärkt? Grundlage ist Honneths Anerkennungstheorie, wonach ein gelungenes Selbstverhältnis – neben rechtlicher Anerkennung – intersubjektiver Anerkennung in der Erwerbssphäre und der Liebessphäre bedarf. Datenbasis sind acht narrative teil-leitfadengestützte Einzelinterviews mit prekär Beschäftigten ohne Paarbeziehung, die wir deutschlandweit zwischen 2014 und 2016 erhoben und hermeneutisch-fallrekonstruktiv ausgewertet haben. Empirisch fundiert werden drei idealtypische Konstellationen nachgezeichnet: Die Abmilderung erwerbsseitiger Anerkennungsdefizite durch Anerkennung in Nahbeziehungen oder alternativen Sinnquellen; ambivalente Relationierungen von Nicht-/Anerkennung in den Anerkennungssphären und die Kumulation multipler Anerkennungsdefizite. Zentral für eine oft verlaufskurvenförmige Kumulation von Anerkennungsdefiziten sind die gesellschaftliche Erwerbsarbeitszentrierung, Paarnormativität, die nicht adäquate Berücksichtigung von Sorgearbeit (Care) sowie von gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen.
Seed filling determines seed vigour of superior and inferior spikelets during hybrid rice (Oryza sativa) seed production
Authors: Wang Xiaomin , Tang Qiyuan , Mo Wenwei
Published: April 2020

Growth and development of spikelets are asynchronous during hybrid rice seed production. However, knowledge is limited about the variation in seed vigour between superior and inferior spikelets. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in seed vigour between
superior and inferior spikelets of hybrid rice, and to explore the mechanisms associated with such variations with regards to seed filling characteristics and starch accumulation. Field experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018, and seed vigour parameters, seed filling characteristics and
starch accumulation were determined. We found that significant differences were recorded in seed vigour parameters between superior and inferior spikelets. Germination percentage (GP) and vigour index (VI) of superior spikelets were higher than that of inferior spikelets, irrespective of year
or variety. Moreover, significant differences were observed in seed filling characteristics and starch accumulation between superior and inferior spikelets. Lower total starch content, amylose content and amylopectin content were recorded in inferior spikelets with low seed filling rate and
long seed filling duration. Superior spikelets with high seed filling rate and short seed filling duration increased final seed weight by 23.9 and 22.3% for each variety, respectively. Therefore, these results raise the possibility that seed filling influences the starch accumulation and seed
weight, and is closely associated with differences in the vigour of seeds from superior and inferior spikelets during hybrid rice seed production.
Detecting Shared Genetic Architecture Among Multiple Phenotypes by Hierarchical Clustering of Gene-Level Association Statistics
Authors: McGuirl Melissa R , Smith Samuel Pattillo , Sandstede Björn , Ramachandran Sohini
Published: April 2020

McGuirl et al. present a new method, Ward clustering to identify Internal Node branch length outliers using Gene Scores (WINGS), for identifying shared genetic architecture among multiple phenotypes. Past research...

Emerging large-scale biobanks pairing genotype data with phenotype data present new opportunities to prioritize shared genetic associations across multiple phenotypes for molecular validation. Past research, by our group and others, has shown gene-level tests of association produce biologically interpretable characterization of the genetic architecture of a given phenotype. Here, we present a new method, Ward clustering to identify Internal Node branch length outliers using Gene Scores (WINGS), for identifying shared genetic architecture among multiple phenotypes. The objective of WINGS is to identify groups of phenotypes, or “clusters,” sharing a core set of genes enriched for mutations in cases. We validate WINGS using extensive simulation studies and then combine gene-level association tests with WINGS to identify shared genetic architecture among 81 case-control and seven quantitative phenotypes in 349,468 European-ancestry individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify eight prioritized phenotype clusters and recover multiple published gene-level associations within prioritized clusters.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ACCELERATED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SAINS PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI ZAT DAN WUJUDNYA
Authors: Syamsi Asri Muslimah , Rochman Chaerul , Rusnayati Heni
Published: April 2020

The purpose of study is to determine the feasibility of learning processes and increase science literacy skills of learners using 'Accelerated Learning' model of learning on the material substance and its form. The method used in this research is pre-experiment. The study was conducted in Triyasa junior high school Bandung class VII-B. The sample in the study were 48 students who were selected using random sampling techniques. Data keterlaksanaan activity of teacher and students is obtained through observation sheets, while data on the literacy skills of learners is obtained through the test description. The results obtained in this study: (1) feasibility study by using 'Accelerated Learning' 'model of learning' is in very good category; (2) the literacy skills of learners sins increase in gain results. The magnitude of the increase scientific literacy of students can be seen from the average N-Gain learners of 0.56 categorized being. Thus there is increasing scientific literacy capability of learners through the 'Accelerated Learning' model of learning in material substance and its form.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ANCHORED INSTRUCTION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Kuntadi Dedi , Ghautama Hellen Lie Grace
Published: April 2020

The purpose of study is to exam the influence of the anchored instruction model on student’s problem solving ability of physics. The method used in this research is quasi-experiment and used non-equivalent control group design. Two samples consist of treatment class learned by using anchored instruction model and control class learned by using conventional model who were selected using purposive sampling techniques. The study was conducted in Abdi Karya senior high school Tanjungsari class X. The magnitude of the increase problem solving ability of students can be seen from the average N-Gain experiment class learners of 0.70 categorized being high and the average N-Gain control class learners of 0.59 categorized being middle. The effect of learning was analyzed by Mann Whitney U-test. The result showed that student’s problem solving ability of Physics on treatment class is better than the control class.
IDENTIFIKASI MISKONSEPSI MENGGUNAKAN TES DIAGNOSTIK THREE-TIER PADA HUKUM NEWTON DAN PENERAPANNYA
Authors: Shalihah Anna , Mulhayatiah Diah , Alatas Fathiah
Published: April 2020

This research aims to identify misconceptions that occur in Newton's law and its application based on diagnostic test results of students of class X SMAN 6 Tangerang Selatan and show sub concepts that experienced the highest misconceptions and low. The research was conducted in October 2015 - January 2016. The research method used is descriptive-quantitative. This study was conducted in two stages: stage manufacture of instruments held in SMAN 6 and 4 Tangerang Selatan and the implementation phase of the research conducted at SMAN 6 Tangerang Selatan. The instrument used is a three-tier diagnostic test. Results obtained 20 questions about the making of a valid with validity 0.64 and reliability 0.78. Results of the discussion showed misconception that occurred at 32.50% with a false positive at 20.97% and false negative amounting to 11.67% and misconceptions highest in subconcepts legal principles III Newton with a percentage of 56.92% and the lowest in the subconcepts variety of force with a percentage of 24.08%.