bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solving an Infectious Disease Model considering Its Anatomical Variables with Stochastic Numerical Procedures
Authors: Sabir Zulqurnain , Raja Muhammad Asif Zahoor , Guerrero Sánchez Yolanda
Published: January 2022

The aim of the current work is to perform the numerical investigation of the infectious disease based on the nonlinear fractional order prey-predator model using the Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation (LMB) based on the artificial neuron networks (ANNs), i.e., LMBNNs. The fractional prey-predator model is classified into three categories, the densities of the susceptible, infected prey, and predator populations. The statistics proportions for solving three different variations of the infectious disease based on the fractional prey-predator model are designated for training 80% and 10% for both validation and testing. The numerical actions are performed using the LMBNNs to solve the infectious disease based on the fractional prey-predator model, and comparison is performed using the database Adams–Bashforth–Moulton approach. The infectious disease based on the fractional prey-predator model is solved using the LMBNNs to reduce the mean square error (M.S.E). In order to validate the exactness, capability, consistency, and competence of the proposed LMBNNs, the numerical procedures using the correlation, M.S.E, regression, and error histograms are drawn.
A Simple Image Encryption Based on Binary Image Affine Transformation and Zigzag Process
Authors: Kengnou Telem Adélaïde Nicole , Feudjio Cyrille , Ramakrishnan Balamurali , Fotsin Hilaire Bertrand , Rajagopal Karthikeyan
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we propose a new and simple method for image encryption. It uses an external secret key of 128 bits long and an internal secret key. The novelties of the proposed encryption process are the methods used to extract an internal key to apply the zigzag process, affine transformation, and substitution‐diffusion process. Initially, an original gray‐scale image is converted into binary images. An internal secret key is extracted from binary images. The two keys are combined to compute the substitution‐diffusion keys. The zigzag process is firstly applied on each binary image. Using an external key, every zigzag binary image is reflected or rotated and a new gray‐scale image is reconstructed. The new image is divided into many nonoverlapping subblocks, and each subblock uses its own key to take out a substitution‐diffusion process. We tested our algorithms on many biomedical and nonmedical images. It is seen from evaluation metrics that the proposed image encryption scheme provides good statistical and diffusion properties and can resist many kinds of attacks. It is an efficient and secure scheme for real‐time encryption and transmission of biomedical images in telemedicine.
Psychological Impact of the Hospital Indoor Public Spaces on Patients’ Health, Assessment, and Analysis
Authors: Du Zhe , Lin Baogang , Chen Zhenyi
Published: January 2022

Due to the rapid development of social economy, general hospital buildings of China are undergoing changes in their models, technology, and medical systems. Changes in the model of hospitals may affect the functional structure, streamline layout, and spatial form of the hospital building. The biological-psychological-social (biopsychosocial) model covers the overall significant factors in healthcare. The model focuses on the hospital public environment. For the advocacy of patient-centered medical concepts, researchers have put forward newer and higher requirements as well. However, there is scarcity of research that targets the psychological impact of general hospital public space environment construction on the patients’ health. Moreover, there is no unanimously recognized standard questionnaire for the public space environment. The purpose of this article is to investigate the needs of inpatients for the space environment, to understand the influencing factors of various space environments, and to explore the law of patient needs. The research intends to provide a theoretical background for the construction of a patient-centered space environment. A dedicated questionnaire was designed to systematically collect the significant features and factors. Using cluster sampling, a total of four medical and surgical wards were investigated. The data obtained from 430 questionnaires were statistically analyzed by SPSS-10.0. Various statistical operations such as descriptive analysis, independent sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, and linear and logistic regressions were performed over the data. The psychological impact was studied from four aspects. The highest score (3-4 points) obtained for the larger number of patients (84.4%) testifies that the public space environment has a significant impact on patients’ mental health. Besides healthcare, outcomes of the paper may be used in various related domains such as psychological well beings, spatial analysis, social interaction, and public space designing.
Development of a Gene Risk Signature for Patients of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Liu Tao , Chen Long , Gao Guili , Liang Xing , Peng Junfeng , Zheng Minghui , Li Judong , Ye Yongqiang , Shao Chenghao
Published: January 2022

Background. Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant solid tumor with a high lethality rate, but there is a lack of clinical biomarkers that can assess patient prognosis to optimize treatment. Methods. Gene-expression datasets of pancreatic cancer tissues and normal pancreatic tissues were obtained from the GEO database, and differentially expressed genes analysis and WGCNA analysis were performed after merging and normalizing the datasets. Univariate Cox regression analysis and Lasso Cox regression analysis were used to screen the prognosis-related genes in the modules with the strongest association with pancreatic cancer and construct risk signatures. The performance of the risk signature was subsequently validated by Kaplan–Meier curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. Result. A three-gene risk signature containing CDKN2A, BRCA1, and UBL3 was established. Based on KM curves, ROC curves, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses in the TRAIN cohort and TEST cohort, it was suggested that the three-gene risk signature had better performance in predicting overall survival. Conclusion. This study identifies a three-gene risk signature, constructs a nomogram that can be used to predict pancreatic cancer prognosis, and identifies pathways that may be associated with pancreatic cancer prognosis.
Impact of Early Intravenous Haemostatic Drugs on Brain Haemorrhage Patients and Their Image Segmentation Based on RGB-D Images
Authors: Wang Zhenzhen , Mou Yating , Li Hao , Yang Rui , Jia Yanxun
Published: January 2022

Cerebral haemorrhage is a serious subtype of stroke, with most patients experiencing short-term haematoma enlargement leading to worsening neurological symptoms and death. The main hemostatic agents currently used for cerebral haemorrhage are antifibrinolytics and recombinant coagulation factor VIIa. However, there is no clinical evidence that patients with cerebral haemorrhage can benefit from hemostatic treatment. We provide an overview of the mechanisms of haematoma expansion in cerebral haemorrhage and the progress of research on commonly used hemostatic drugs. To improve the semantic segmentation accuracy of cerebral haemorrhage, a segmentation method based on RGB-D images is proposed. Firstly, the parallax map was obtained based on a semiglobal stereo matching algorithm and fused with RGB images to form a four-channel RGB-D image to build a sample library. Secondly, the networks were trained with 2 different learning rate adjustment strategies for 2 different structures of convolutional neural networks. Finally, the trained networks were tested and compared for analysis. The 146 head CT images from the Chinese intracranial haemorrhage image database were divided into a training set and a test set using the random number table method. The validation set was divided into four methods: manual segmentation, algorithmic segmentation, the exact Tada formula, and the traditional Tada formula to measure the haematoma volume. The manual segmentation was used as the “gold standard,” and the other three algorithms were tested for consistency. The results showed that the algorithmic segmentation had the lowest percentage error of 15.54 (8.41, 23.18) % compared to the Tada formula method.
[Retracted] Experimental Investigation of Spirulina Microalgae Biodiesel with Metal Nanoadditive on Single‐Cylinder Diesel Engine
Authors: Arunprasad J. , Sener Arif Senol , Thirugnanasambantham R. , Elango T. , Bothichandar T.
Published: January 2022

Nanoparticles are an emerging concept for increasing fuel properties. The purpose of this research work is to determine the effect of magnesium oxide nanoparticles on the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines that run on a spirulina microalgae biodiesel blend (B20) as a fuel. The ultrasonication was used to disperse MgO nanoparticles in B20 fuel at various concentrations (25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm). The significant findings indicated that B20+100 blends reduced specific fuel consumption by 20.1% and had a 5.09% higher brake thermal efficiency than B20. B20+100 blends reduced CO, hydrocarbon, and smoke emissions by a maximum of 32.02%, 30.03%, and 26.07%, respectively, compared to B20.
Extensive Evaluation of the Overall Workplace Experience and Job Satisfaction of Dentists in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Assiry Ali A. , Alnemari Alanod , Adil Abdul Habeeb , Karobari Mohmed Isaqali , Sayed Fazlur Rahman , Marya Anand , Basheer Syed Nahid , Marya Charu Mohan
Published: January 2022

Background. Working conditions, job satisfaction, and their overall impact on a dentist’s job satisfaction are critical for future employment and retaining of dentists. Objectives. This study is aimed at determining the factors influencing the job satisfaction level among dentists. It is also aimed at evaluating how personal (age, gender) and professional (type, type of qualification, and year of practice) characteristics influence overall job satisfaction. Methods. For data collection, a structured self‐administered questionnaire was used, in which one part collected information on personal characteristics. At the same time, the other contained a questionnaire related to job satisfaction. The German validated version of the questionnaire had a 10‐point Warr‐Cook‐Wall (WCW) scale developed by Warr et al. in 1979. Each item was rated on a 5‐point Likert scale, with 5 representing excessive satisfaction and 1 representing extreme dissatisfaction. Results. The results revealed that dentists in Saudi Arabia have a higher satisfaction level with “colleagues and fellow workers” (26.5%). The relation between the years of practice was highly significant. However, they were dissatisfied with their “income” (22.6%), and when compared with concerning age, gender, profession, and their practice years, this finding was highly significant. Conclusion. A higher percentage of satisfaction was seen with the “fellow and colleague’s workers” dimension. At the same time, “income” was the aspect with which the dentists showed extreme dissatisfaction.
ceRNA Network and Functional Enrichment Analysis of Preeclampsia by Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis
Authors: Wang Chenxu , Yang Chaofan , Wang Xinying , Zhou Guanlun , Chen Chao , Han Guorong
Published: January 2022

Background. Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic syndrome which has short- and long-term risk to mothers and children and has pluralistic etiology. Objective. This study is aimed at constructing a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network for pathways most related to PE using a data mining strategy based on weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Methods. We focused on pathways involving hypoxia, angiogenesis, and epithelial mesenchymal transition according to the gene set variation analysis (GSVA) scores. The gene sets of these three pathways were enriched by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). WGCNA was used to study the underlying molecular mechanisms of the three pathways in the pathogenesis of PE by analyzing the relationship among pathways and genes. The soft threshold power (β) and topological overlap matrix allowed us to obtain 15 modules, among which the red module was chosen for the downstream analysis. We chose 10 hub genes that satisfied∣log2Fold Change∣>2and had a higher degree of connectivity within the module. These candidate genes were subsequently confirmed to have higher gene significance and module membership in the red module. Coexpression networks were established for the hub genes to unfold the connection between the genes in the red module and PE. Finally, ceRNA networks were constructed to further clarify the underlying molecular mechanism involved in the occurrence of PE. 56 circRNAs, 17 lncRNAs, and 20 miRNAs participated in the regulation of the hub genes. Coagulation factor II thrombin receptor (F2R) and lumican (LUM) were considered the most relevant genes, and ceRNA networks of them were constructed. Conclusion. The microarray data mining process based on bioinformatics methods constructed lncRNA and miRNA networks for ten hub genes that were closely related to PE and focused on ceRNAs of F2R and LUM finally. The results of our study may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying PE occurrence.
Analysis of Urban Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Forest Ecological Services Based on the Multilayer Linear Model
Authors: Sun Yi , Li Hua
Published: January 2022

This study takes 8 cities in Shaanxi province as the research object and uses the multilayer linear model specifically for nested structure data to introduce the urban macroexplanatory variables on the basis of individual level of residents and influence the willingness of urban residents to pay for forest ecological services. The factors are analyzed in multiple layers to find out the prediction effect on ecological payment, and on this basis, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The results show that regional differences have a significant impact on residents’ willingness to pay for forest ecological services; individual characteristics and regional characteristics can independently have a significant impact on residents’ willingness to pay; after introducing macrolevel variables, individual‐level environmental awareness and per capita income, five variables, such as education level, place of residence, and age, have significant predictive effects on residents’ willingness to pay; among them, the interaction between consumer price index and environmental awareness is the largest, followed by the interaction between consumer price index and age. Per capita social security is the interaction between expenditure and environmental awareness. Finally, that is the interaction between the per capita social security expenditure and age and the interaction between the average salary of employees and the monthly per capita income.
Coal Seam Gas Extraction by Integrated Drillings and Punchings from the Floor Roadway considering Hydraulic-Mechanical Coupling Effect
Authors: Fan Chaojun , Wen Haiou , Li Sheng , Bai Gang , Zhou Lijun
Published: January 2022

Owing to the exhaustion of shallow coal resources, deep mining has been occupied in coal mines. Deep buried coal seams are featured by the great ground stress, high gas pressure, and low permeability, which boost the risk of gas disasters and thus dramatically threaten the security about coal mines. Coal seam gas pressure and gas content can be decreased by gas extraction, which is the primary measure to prevent and control mine gas disasters. The coal mass is simplified into a continuous medium with dual structure of pores and fractures and single permeability. In consideration of the combined effects of gas slippage and two-phase flow, a hydraulic-mechanical coupling model for gas migration in coals is proposed. This model involves the equations of gas sorption and diffusion, gas and water seepage, coal deformation, and evolution of porosity and permeability. Based on these, the procedure of gas extraction through the floor roadway combined with hydraulic punching and ordinary drainage holes was simulated, and the gas extraction results were used to evaluate the outburst danger of roadway excavation and to verify the engineering practice. Results show that gas extraction can reduce coal seam gas pressure and slow down the rate of gas release, and the established hydraulic-mechanical coupling model can accurately reveal the law of gas extraction by drilling and punching boreholes. After adopting the gas extraction technology of drilling and hydraulic punching from the floor roadway, the remaining gas pressure and gas content are reduced to lower than 0.5 MPa and 5.68 m3/t, respectively. The achievements set a theoretical foundation to the application of drilling and punching integrated technology to enhance gas extraction.
Reliability Importance Measures considering Performance and Costs of Mechanical Hydraulic System for Hydraulic Excavators
Authors: Liu Wenting , Zeng Qingliang , Wan Lirong , Liu Jinxia , Dai Hanzheng
Published: January 2022

Although some reliability importance measures and maintenance policies for mechanical products exist in literature, they are rarely investigated with reference to weakest component identification in the design stage and preventive maintenance interval during the life cycle. This paper is mainly study reliability importance measures considering performance and costs (RIMPC) of maintenance and downtime of the mechanical hydraulic system (MHS) for hydraulic excavators (HE) with energy regeneration and recovery system (ERRS) and suggests the scheduled maintenance interval for key components and the system itself based on the reliability

R

i

t

. In the research, the required failure data for reliability analysis is collected from maintenance crews and users over three years of a certain type of hydraulic excavators. Minitab is used for probable distribution estimation of the mechanical hydraulic system failure times, and the model is verified to obey Weibull distribution. RIMPC is calculated by multiplying the reliability

R

i

t

and weighting factor

W

i

and then compared with other classical importance measures. The purpose of this paper is to identify the weakest component for MHS in the design stage and to make appropriate maintenance strategies which help to maintain a high reliability level for MHS. The proposed method also provides the scientific maintenance suggestion for improving the MHS reliability of the HE reasonably, which is efficient, profitable, and organized.
Oleanolic Acid (OA) Targeting UNC5B Inhibits Proliferation and EMT of Ovarian Cancer Cell and Increases Chemotherapy Sensitivity of Niraparib
Authors: Zeng Zhen , Yu Jing , Jiang Zhongqing , Zhao Ningwei
Published: January 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of OA on proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting UNC5B and to study its mechanism. Methods. TCGA database was used to analyze the expression of UNC5B in ovarian cancer and its relationship with prognosis. The expression of UNC5B in ovarian cancer cells was detected by qPCR assay. qRT-PCR was used to detect the changes of EMT markers after different treatments. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation, transwell assay was used to evaluate cell migration, and clonogenesis assay was used to evaluate the effect of UNC5B on ovarian cancer cell proliferation. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of OA on niraparib was evaluated. Results. UNC5B was highly expressed in ovarian cancer, and its expression was negatively correlated with the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. UNC5B was highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells SKOV3 and OVCA420 compared with normal ovarian epithelial cells. In addition, silencing UNC5B inhibits the proliferation, invasion, clonogenesis, and EMT processes of ovarian cancer cells. OA inhibits proliferation, invasion, and clonogenesis of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting UNC5B and increases the antitumor activity of niraparib. Conclusion. UNC5B acts as an oncogenic gene in ovarian cancer. OA inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and EMT by targeting UNC5B and increases the antitumor effect of niraparib. UNC5B is expected to be a new potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. OA may be used as an antitumor drug and deserves further study.
Biometric Recognition of Finger Knuckle Print Based on the Fusion of Global Features and Local Features
Authors: Li Wenwen
Published: January 2022

Compared with the most traditional fingerprint identification, knuckle print and hand shape are more stable, not easy to abrase, forge, and pilfer; in aspect of image acquisition, the requirement of acquisition equipment and environment are not high; and the noncontact acquisition method also greatly improves the users’ satisfaction; therefore, finger knuckle print and hand shape of single-mode identification system have attracted extensive attention both at home and abroad. A large number of studies show that multibiometric fusion can greatly improve the recognition rate, antiattack, and robustness of the biometric recognition system. A method combining global features and local features was designed for the recognition of finger knuckle print images. On the one hand, principal component analysis (PCA) was used as the global feature for rapid recognition. On the other hand, the local binary pattern (LBP) operator was taken as the local feature in order to extract the texture features that can reflect details. A two-layer serial fusion strategy is proposed in the combination of global and local features. Firstly, the sample library scope was narrowed according to the global matching result. Secondly, the matching result was further determined by fine matching. By combining the fast speed of global coarse matching and the high accuracy of local refined matching, the designed method can improve the recognition rate and the recognition speed.
The Efficacy and Safety of Chinese Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 56 Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Lin Zhou , Zheng Junju , Chen Mangmang , Chen Jiaru , Lin Jiejun
Published: January 2022

Objective. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to investigate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods. An electronic search was conducted in eight databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese VIP Database, and Wanfang Database) from inception until December 2019. The risk of bias assessment of the included RCTs was evaluated by Cochrane collaboration’s tool. The inclusion criteria were RCTs that investigated the efficacy and safety of CHM in the treatment of KOA, with no restrictions on publication status or language. The exclusion criteria included nonrandomized or quasi-RCTs, no clear KOA diagnostic approach, combined Chinese medicinal herbs with other traditional Chinese medicine treatment modalities, and published using repeated data and missing data. We computed the relative risk (RR) and the standard mean difference (SMD) for dichotomous outcomes and continuous outcomes, respectively. When heterogeneity was detected or there was significant statistical heterogeneity (

P
<
0.05

or

I

2

>
50
%

), a random-effects model was employed, followed by further subgroup analysis and metaregression estimations to ascertain the origins of heterogeneity. Otherwise, we used a fixed-effects model (

P
≥
0.05

or

I

2

≤
50
%

). The primary outcome measures were visual analog score (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Lysholm score, and Lequesne index. Secondary outcome measures were the total clinical effective rate and adverse events. The meta-analysis was performed using the Stata 14.0 software. Results. A total of 56 RCTs comprising 5350 patients met the inclusion criteria. This meta-analysis showed that application of CHM as adjuvant therapy or monotherapy for KOA can significantly decrease VAS, WOMAC, and the Lequesne index and improve the Lysholm score as well as the total effective rate. In addition, this treatment has fewer adverse effects, suggesting that CHM is generally safe and well tolerated among patients with KOA. Conclusion. Our study offers supportive evidence that CHM, either adjuvant therapy or monotherapy, reduces the VAS, WOMAC, and Lequesne index and improves the Lysholm score and overall effective rate in patients with KOA. Additionally, CHM was well tolerated and safe in KOA patients. We found frequently used CHMs that might contribute to the formulation of a herbal formula that could be considered for further clinical use. However, given the heterogeneity and limited sample size in this study, larger multicenter and high-quality RCTs are needed to validate the benefits of CHM in the treatment of KOA.
Screening and Identification of Key Biomarkers in Lower Grade Glioma via Bioinformatical Analysis
Authors: Guo Fangzhou , Yan Jun , Ling Guoyuan , Chen Hainan , Huang Qianrong , Mu Junbo , Mo Ligen
Published: January 2022

Lower-grade glioma (LGG) is a common type of central nervous system tumor. Due to its complicated pathogenesis, the choice and timing of adjuvant therapy after tumor treatment are controversial. This study explored and identified potential therapeutic targets for lower-grade. The bioinformatics method was employed to identify potential biomarkers and LGG molecular mechanisms. Firstly, we selected and downloaded GSE15824, GSE50161, and GSE86574 from the GEO database, which included 40 LGG tissue and 28 normal brain tissue samples. GEO and VENN software identified of 206 codifference expressed genes (DEGs). Secondly, we applied the DAVID online software to investigate the DEG biological function and KEGG pathway enrichment, as well as to build the protein interaction visualization network through Cytoscape and STRING website. Then, the MCODE plug is used in the analysis of 22 core genes. Thirdly, the 22 core genes were analyzed with UNCLA software, of which 18 genes were associated with a worse prognosis. Fourthly, GEPIA was used to analyze the 18 selected genes, and 14 genes were found to be a significantly different expression between LGGs and normal brain tumor samples. Fifthly, hierarchical gene clustering was used to examine the 14 important gene expression differences in different histologies, as well as analysis of the KEGG pathway. Five of these genes were shown to be abundant in the natural killer cell-mediated cytokines (NKCC) and phagosome pathways. The five key genes that may be affected by the immune microenvironment play a crucial role in LGG development.
Effect of Early Nutritional Assessment and Nutritional Support on Immune Function and Clinical Prognosis of Critically Ill Children
Authors: Guo Jie , Jin Zixuan , Cheng Yibing , Su Jun , Li Zheng , Jin Zhipeng
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to study the effect of early nutritional assessment and nutritional support on immune function and clinical prognosis of critically ill children. 90 critically ill children at the same level of severity admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of our hospital (June 2019–June 2020) were chosen as the research objects and were equally separated into the experimental group and the control group by the random number table method. The children in the control group were admitted to the PICU according to the routine process, and the nutritional support was provided to the malnourished ones. After admission to the PICU, the children in the experimental group were given nutritional assessment, nutritional risk screening, and nutritional support according to the screening results. The PICU stay time and total hospitalization time of the experimental group were obviously shorter than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

), the hospitalization expenses of the experimental group were obviously lower than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

), the clinical outcomes and immune function of the experimental group were obviously better than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

), and the nutrition indicators of the experimental group were obviously higher than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Early nutritional assessment and nutritional support can effectively improve the immune function and reduce the incidence of adverse clinical outcomes of critically ill children, which are worthy of clinical application and promotion.
Origin and Circulation of Springs in the Nangqen and Qamdo Basins, Southwestern China, Based on Hydrochemistry and Environmental Isotopes
Authors: Qin Xiwei , Ma Haizhou , Zhang Xiying , Hu Xiasong , Li Guorong , Cheng Huaide , Han Jibin , Li Yongshou , Miao Weiliang , Han Wenhua , Yang Sha , Song Qian , Wu Mei
Published: January 2022

The Nangqen and Qamdo (NQ-QD) basins in China have very rich geothermal and brine resources. The origin and spatiotemporal evolutionary processes of its hot and saline springs however remain unclear. Geochemical and isotopic (18O, 2H, 3H) studies have therefore been conducted on the water from the geothermal and saline springs in the NQ-QD Basin. All saline springs in the study area are of the Na-Cl geochemical type while geothermal waters show different geochemical types. The oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of the springs in the NQ-QD Basin are primarily controlled by meteoric water or ice-snow melt water and are influenced by rock-water interactions. It is found that the saline springs in the study area are derived from the dissolution of halite and sulfate that occur in the tertiary Gongjue red bed, while the hot springs in the QD Basin are greatly influenced by the dissolution of carbonatites and sulfates from the Bolila (T3b) and Huakaizuo (J2h) formations. Results from silica geothermometry and a silicon-enthalpy hybrid model indicate that the apparent reservoir temperatures and reservoir temperatures for the hot springs in the QD Basin range from 57–130°C to75–214°C, respectively. Deuterium analysis indicates that most of the hot springs are recently recharged rain water. Furthermore, the saline springs have a weaker groundwater regeneration capacity than the hot springs. Tritium data shows that the ranges of calculated residence times for springs in this study are 25 to 55 years, and that there is a likelihood that hot springs in the QD Basin originated from two different hydrothermal systems. The geochemical characteristics of the NQ-QD springs are similar to those of the Lanping-Simao Basin, indicating similar solute sources. Thus, the use of water isotope analyses coupled with hydrogeochemistry proves to be an effective tool to determine the origin and spatiotemporal evolution of the NQ-QD spring waters.
Implementation of Snow and Ice Sports Health and Sports Information Collection System Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Cheng Long
Published: January 2022

The promotion of ice and snow sports not only provides professional athletes for the Winter Olympics but also acts as appreciative mass bases for ice and snow sports. The appearance of ice and snow sports will bring a new consumption pattern and develop a new ice and snow industry. In this paper, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based sports information collection system which is specifically designed and developed for the healthcare domain specifically in the snow and ice sports is proposed. The physiological parameters such as body temperature, ECG, blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood oxygen saturation are captured through various monitoring devices. These physiological parameters are transmitted to the mobile device by the wireless module and mobile device that receives and displays these physiological parameters. A complete hardware design of the whole ice and snow sports health and sports information acquisition system, which is based on the Internet of Things, is given, and then, there is the overall design scheme of the system, such as adopted modular design for the system, attitude measurement unit, UWB positioning unit, data storage, and communication unit, respectively. The measurement results of the professional medical equipment are compared with those of acquisition equipment in real environment of ice and sports. These results have verified accuracy of data collected by acquisition equipment and meet the design requirements of the proposed system.
Comparison of CNN Algorithms for Feature Extraction on Fundus Images to Detect Glaucoma
Authors: Sunanthini V. , Deny J. , Govinda Kumar E. , Vairaprakash S. , Govindan Petchinathan , Sudha S. , Muneeswaran V. , Thilagaraj M.
Published: January 2022

Glaucoma is a disease where the optic nerve of the eyes is smashed up due to the building up of pressure inside the vision point. This has no symptoms at the initial stages, and hence, patients with this disease cannot identify them at the beginning stage. It is explained as if the pressure in the eye increases, then it will hurt the optic nerve which sends images to the brain. This will lead to permanent vision loss or total blindness. The existing method used for the detection of glaucoma includes k-nearest neighbour and support vector machine algorithms. The k-nearest neighbour algorithm and support vector machine algorithm are the machine learning methods for both categorization and degeneration problems. The drawback in using these algorithms is that we can get accuracy level only up to 80%. The proposed methods in this study focus on the convolution neural network for the recognition of glaucoma. In this study, 2 architectures of VGG, Inception method, AlexNet, GoogLeNet, and ResNet architectures which provide accuracy levels up to 100% are presented.
Performance Prediction of Listed Companies in Smart Healthcare Industry: Based on Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Dong Baobao , Wang Xiangming , Cao Qi
Published: January 2022

With the development of wireless network, communication technology, cloud platform, and Internet of Things (IOT), new technologies are gradually applied to the smart healthcare industry. The COVID-19 outbreak has brought more attention to the development of the emerging industry of smart healthcare. However, the development of this industry is restricted by factors such as long construction cycle, large investment in the early stage, and lagging return, and the listed companies also face the problem of financing difficulties. In this study, machine learning algorithm is used to predict performance, which can not only deal with a large amount of data and characteristic variables but also analyse different types of variables and predict their classification, increasing the stability and accuracy of the model and helping to solve the problem of poor performance prediction in the past. After analysing the sample data from 53 listed companies in smart healthcare industry, we argued that the conclusion of this study can not only provide reference for listed companies in smart healthcare industry to formulate their own strategies but also provide shareholders with strategies to avoid risks and help the development of this emerging industry.
Shale Heterogeneity in Western Hunan and Hubei: A Case Study from the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Well Laidi 1 in the Laifeng-Xianfeng Block, Hubei Province
Authors: Zhang Peng , Yang Junwei , Huang Yuqi , Zhang Jinchuan , Tang Xuan , Liu Chengwei
Published: January 2022

Shale heterogeneity directly determines the alteration ability and gas content of shale reservoirs, and its study is a core research topic in shale gas exploitation and development. In this study, the shale from the Longmaxi Formation from well Ld1 located in western Hunan and Hubei is investigated. The shale’s heterogeneity is analyzed based on shale mineral rocks, microslices, geochemistry, and low-temperature N2 adsorption-desorption. It is found that the shales of the Longmaxi Formation from well Ld1 are mainly composed of siliceous shale, mixed shale, and clayey shale. The three types of shale facies exhibit strong heterogeneity in terms of the occurrence state of organic matter, organic content, mineral composition, microstructure and structure, brittleness, and micropore type. Sedimentation, late diagenesis, and terrigenous input are the main factors influencing the shale’s heterogeneity. With a total organic carbon (TOC) of 0.41%-4.18% and an organic matter maturity (

R

o

) of 3.09%-3.42%, the shales of the Longmaxi Formation from well Ld1 are in an overmature stage, and their mineral composition is mainly quartz (5%-66%) and clay minerals (17.8%-73.8%). The main pore types are intergranular pores, intragranular pores, microfractures, and organic pores. The results of the low-temperature N2 adsorption-desorption experiment show that the shale pores are mainly composed of micropores and mesopores with narrow throats and complex structures, and their main morphology is of a thin-necked and wide-body ink-bottle pore. Based on the Frenkel-Halsey-Hill (FHH) model, the pore fractal dimension is studied to obtain the fractal dimension

D
1

(2.73-2.76, mean 2.74) under low relative pressure (

P
/

P

0

≤
0.5

) and

D
2

(2.80-2.89, mean 2.85) under high relative pressure (

P
/

P

0

>
0.5

). The shales of the Longmaxi Formation in the study area have a strong adsorption and gas storage capacity; however, the pore structure is complex and the connectivity is poor, which, in turn, imposes high requirements on reservoir reformation measures during exploitation. Moreover, the fractal dimension has a positive correlation with organic matter abundance, TOC, clay mineral content, and pyrite content and a negative correlation with quartz content. Since the organic matter contained in the shales of the Longmaxi Formation in the study area is in the overmature stage, the adsorption capacity of the shales is reduced, and the controlling effect of organic matter abundance on the same is not apparent.
Economic Policy Uncertainty and Conditional Dependence between China and U.S. Stock Markets
Authors: Wu Xinyu , Zhang Meng , Wu Mengqi , Cui Hao
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we investigate the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the conditional dependence between China and U.S. stock markets by employing the Copula‐mixed‐data sampling (Copula‐MIDAS) framework. In the case of EPU, we consider the global EPU (GEPU), the American EPU (AEPU), and the China EPU (CEPU). The empirical analysis based on the Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite (SSEC) index in China and the S&P 500 index in the U.S. shows that the tail dependence between China and U.S. stock markets is symmetrical, and the t Copula outperforms alternative Copulas in terms of in‐sample goodness of fit. In particular, we find that the t Copula‐MIDAS model with EPU dominates the traditional time‐varying t Copula in terms of in‐sample fitting. Moreover, we observe that both the GEPU and AEPU have a significantly positive impact on the conditional dependence between China and U.S. stock markets, whereas CEPU has no significant impact. The tail dependence between China and U.S. stock markets exhibits an increasing trend, particularly in the recent years.
Clinical Practice of Cataract Special Care Standards in Nonophthalmic Wards
Authors: Yang Juan , Yang Lina , Chen Yawen
Published: January 2022

Cataract is a lens metabolism disease, which is caused by various factors, and leads to metamorphic lens proteins turbidity. Cataract commonly occurs in elderly patients, and majority of these patients have clinical manifestations of blurred vision and other symptoms. In this study, we explored the clinical practice and observations of cataract care criteria in nonophthalmic wards. To realize this, a total of one hundred and twenty (120) cataract patients, admitted to the East Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, particularly from April 2019-2020, were divided into the control and observation groups, where 60 cases were added to each group. The control group received routine nursing, and observation group was treated with cataract care criteria based on the control group. The complication rate, health cognition, and patient’s satisfaction were compared with existing approaches. The incidence of corneal edema, anterior chamber hemorrhage, endophthalmitis, and incision infection, specifically in the observation group, was lower than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Likewise, the number of hospitalization days and expenses, specifically in the observation group, were lower than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Health knowledge and satisfaction scores of the observation group were higher than the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Active service, service attitude, psychological support, caring patients, and health education dissatisfaction rate of the observation group were lower than the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Finally, the standard of cataract care in nonophthalmic wards reduces the incidence of complications, improve health awareness of patients, and help to improve satisfaction of patients with nurses. Furthermore, it is worthy of promotion and application particularly in traditional hospitals.
Analysis of Financial Risk Early Warning Systems of High-Tech Enterprises under Big Data Framework
Authors: Lai Maotao
Published: January 2022

With the further development of China's market economy, the competition faced by companies in the market has become more intense, and many companies have difficulty facing pressure and risks. Among the many types of enterprises, high-tech enterprises are the riskiest. The emergence of big data technologies and concepts in recent years has provided new opportunities for financial crisis early warning. Through in-depth study of the theoretical feasibility and practical value of big data indicators, the use of big data indicators to develop an early warning system for financial crises has important theoretical value for breaking through the stagnant predicament of financial crisis early warning. As a result of the preceding context, this research focuses on the influence of big data on the financial crisis early warning model, selects and quantifies the big data indicators and financial indicators, designs the financial crisis early warning model, and verifies its accuracy. The specific research design ideas include the following: (1) We make preliminary preparations for model construction. Preliminary determination and screening of training samples and early warning indicators are carried out, the samples needed to build the model and the early warning indicator system are determined, and the principles of the model methods used are briefly described. First, we perform a significant analysis of financial indicators and screen out early warning indicators that can clearly distinguish between financial crisis companies and nonfinancial crisis companies. (2) We analyze the sentiment tendency of the stock bar comment data to obtain big data indicators. Then, we establish a logistic model based on pure financial indicators and a logistic model that introduces big data indicators. Finally, the two models are tested and compared, the changes in the model's early warning effect before and after the introduction of big data indicators are analyzed, and the optimization effect of big data indicators on financial crisis early warning is tested.
Comprehensive Genetic Analysis of RASopathy in the Era of Next-Generation Sequencing and Definition of a Novel Likely Pathogenic KRAS Variation
Authors: Demir Selma , Yaşar Köstek Hümeyra , Sanrı Aslıhan , Yıldırım Ruken , Özgüç Çömlek Fatma , Yalçıntepe Sinem , Deveci Murat , Atlı Emine İkbal , Atlı Engin , Eker Damla , Gürkan Hakan , Tütüncüler Kökenli Filiz
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Germline pathogenic variations of the genes encoding the components of the Ras-MAPK pathway are found to be responsible for RASopathies, a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of diseases. In this study, we aimed to present the results of patients genetically investigated for RASopathy-related mutations in our Genetic Diagnosis Center. Methods: The results of 51 unrelated probands with RASopathy and 4 affected relatives (31 male, 24 female; mean age: 9.327 ± 8.214) were included in this study. Mutation screening was performed on DNA samples from peripheral blood of the patients either by Sanger sequencing of PTPN11 hotspot regions (10/51 probands), or by a targeted amplicon next-generation sequencing panel (41/51 probands) covering the exonic regions of BRAF, CBL, HRAS, KRAS, LZTR1, MAP2K1, MAP2K2, NF1, NRAS, PTPN11, RAF1, RASA2, RIT1, SHOC2, SOS1, SOS2, SPRED1, and KAT6B genes. Results: Pathogenic/likely pathogenic variations found in 22 out of 51 probands (43.13%) and their 4 affected family members were located in PTPN11, BRAF, KRAS, NF1, RAF1, SOS1, and SHOC2 genes. The c.148A>C (p.Thr50Pro) variation in the KRAS gene was a novel variant detected in a sibling in our patient cohort. We found supportive evidence for the pathogenicity of the NF1 gene c.5606G>T (p.Gly1869Val) variation which we defined in an affected boy who inherited the mutation from his affected father. Conclusion: Although PTPN11 is the most frequently mutated gene in our patient cohort, as in most previous reports, different mutation distribution among the other genes studied motivates the use of a next-generation sequencing gene panel including the possible responsible genes.
Patient Compliance in Assessing Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Measures after Urologic Surgery
Authors: Grüne Britta , Menold Hanna , Lenhart Maximilian , Mühlbauer Julia , Walach Margarete T. , Waldbillig Frank , Neuberger Manuel , Nuhn Philipp , Michel Maurice S. , Koenig Julian , Kriegmair Maximilian C. , Wessels Frederik
Published: January 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to assess patient compliance with a newly established electronic patient-reported outcome measure (ePROM) system after urologic surgery and to identify influencing factors. Methods: Digital surveys were provided to patients undergoing cystectomy, radical or partial nephrectomy, or transurethral resection of bladder tumor via a newly established ePROM system. Participants received a baseline survey preoperatively and several follow-up surveys postoperatively. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to identify factors predicting compliance. Results: Of N = 435 eligible patients, n = 338 completed the baseline survey (78.0%). Patients who did not participate were significantly more likely male (p = 0.004) and older than 70 years (p = 0.005). Overall, 206/337 patients (61.3%) completed the survey at 1-month, 167/312 (53.5%) at 3-month, and 142/276 (51.4%) at 6-month follow-up. Lower baseline quality of life (odds ratio: 2.27; p = 0.004) was a significant predictor for dropout at 1-month follow-up. Low educational level was significantly associated with low compliance at 3- (OR: 1.92; p = 0.01) and 6-month follow-up (OR: 2.88; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Acceptable compliance rates can be achieved with ePROMs following urologic surgery. Several factors influence compliance and should be considered when setting-up ePROM surveys.