bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced repro start-up
Authors: Swenson Ashley
Published: May 2024

Advanced reproductive technologies (ART) and their respective services have been part of my repertoire since my childhood days. Flushing cows (in vivo collections) has been routinely per­formed on my family’s farm for decades. In more recent years, in vitro embryo production has become more prominently utilized by my farm as well as by my clients. Since purchasing Midwest Embryo Transfer Service in 2016, we have expanded the services offered to include: in vivo collections, ovum pick-up (OPU) for in vitro fertilization, fresh and frozen in vivo and in vitro embryo transfers, cryopreservation of both in vivo and in vitro embryos, and export services.
Pig cesarean section, surgeries and feet work
Authors: Price Todd
Published: May 2024

In this session, we will discuss methods for bovine veterinar­ians to expand their services and offer surgical services to area show pig clients. The most common procedure will be a cesar­ean section on first parity females due to a decreased pelvic opening size or large fetal size or combination of both. The author will share our unique approach to anesthesia induction with TKX injectable and maintenance on isoflurane.
Restraint with ropes, especially foot exams
Authors: Sterner Keith
Published: May 2024

As a recent graduate, one of the more daunting as well as re­warding on farm veterinary procedures is examining lame cows. The biggest challenge, however, is to be able to raise a cow’s leg and immobilize it enough to perform an examination and corrective procedures, while ensuring both safety for the animal and one’s own safety and welfare during the examina­tion. Employing a few simple techniques with relatively com­mon and inexpensive materials will help to contribute to your professional satisfaction and your clients’ confidence in your competence. Using ropes to your advantage should be an in­tegral part of your professional toolkit. Adequate and firm re­straint is a highly important component of lameness work.
Making a decision to go solo
Authors: Bro Laura
Published: May 2024

Many veterinarians find happiness following traditional routes in their careers. These routes include academia, research, em­ployment as an associate, buying into practices or building booming, multi-doctor practices. But what about the rest of us? Some of us don’t feel fulfilled from working the same hours in the same place every day. Some of us, like myself, find our call­ing driving around the countryside with our dogs, visiting a few clients per day, and not really having anyone else to answer to. However, making the leap of quitting a stable job that supplies steady paychecks, a shared workload, and a regular schedule is a truly terrifying thing to do. Will your business be successful? Will you be able to pay your bills? What if it’s too much work? What if no one ever even calls? Starting your own practice comes with these questions and more, but if it is your calling, it is so worth it in the long run. Everyone’s story, reasons, and process will be different. In this presentation, I will describe what going solo has been like for me, in the hopes of helping any other vet­erinarian who is considering it decide if it is right for them.
EFFECTIVENESS OF MINDFULNESS TECHNIQUE ON STRESS AMONG WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER AT SELECTED HOSPITAL, CHENNAI
Authors:   Ph.D Scholar, Omayal Achi College of Nursing, Affiliated to The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Puzhal, Chennai-600066., Sophia C. Mary , S. Vijayalakshmi ,   Ph.D Research Guide & Principal, Vignesh Nursing College Affiliated to The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Tiruvannamalai - 606603., M. Sumathi ,   Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai., P. Jayanthi ,   Vice-Principal, Venkateswara Nursing College Affiliated to The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai.
Published: May 2024

Background: Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women worldwide, accounting for 1 in 4 cancer cases. It is a serious, stressful and life-threatening disease among women. Almost 50% of all cases are in the age group of 25-50. Aims & Objectives:To study the effectiveness of mindfulness technique on level of stress among women with breast cancer. Methodology:The researcher adopted a quasi-experimental research design for the study.200 women with breast cancer (study -100 & control-100), who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria, were selected as samples by using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Written informed consent was obtained from the women with breast cancer. Researcher used perceived stress scale to assess the level of stress. Mindfulness technique practiced 15-30 minutes per day for 5 to 7 days for a period of 8 weeks. Results: The study findings showed that the pretest mean stress score was 26.22 and the post-test mean stress score was 17.12 and the mean difference score was 9.10 which was significant at p<0.001 level in study group whereas in control group there was no significant difference between the pre (mean-27.02, SD-3.69) and posttest (mean-26.37, SD-3.87) mean stress score among women with breast cancer. Conclusion:The study concluded that the mindfulness technique was effective in reducing stress,coping and quality of life among women with breast cancer.
CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF BALCHATURBHADRA SYRUP IN LOWERING DOWN MORBIDITY OF CHILDREN
Authors:   PG ScholarP. G. Department of Kaumarbhritya, Postgraduate Institute of Ayurveda, Dr. S. R. Rajasthan Ayurved University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan., Sharma Mohit , Prakash Vyas Prem ,   Principal, MJF Ayurved Medical College, Chomu, Jaipur., Kumar Singhal Harish ,   Associate Professor and HOD P. G. Department of Kaumarbhritya, Postgraduate Institute of Ayurveda, Dr. S. R. Rajasthan Ayurved University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
Published: May 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of Balchaturbhadra Syrup inlowering morbidity in children. Study Design:Single-ArmOpen-Label Study Subjects: This Present clinical study was conducted on 55 children whowere randomly selected from the surveyed area,school, and OPD /IPD of Post Graduate Institute of Ayurved, Dr. S. R. Rajasthan Ayurved University, Jodhpur. Outcome Measures: Apaired t-test was carried out to test significance before and after treatment. Result: Balchaturbhadra Syrup had shown significant improvement in morbidity features in children. Conclusion: Balchaturbhadra Syrup was found effective in children suffering from various types of recurrent illnesses.Therefore, morbidity scores were effectively reduced.
UKRAINE - RUSSIA WAR : A PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Abhinay Dogra Major
Published: May 2024

Current war scenario between Russia and Ukraine.
Views and experiences of people practicing open defecation: Evidence from riverside inhabitants of an Indonesian village
Authors: Utami Ima Hidayati , Dida Susanne , Hadisiwi Purwanti , Prasetyo Bambang Dwi
Published: May 2024

A study conducted in 20 districts of East Java Province revealed that open defecation in communities near water bodies was difficult to intervene in due to a lack of motivation to change. Using a constructivist perspective, this study investigated the views and experiences of individuals with open defecation habits in a riverside village to uncover the underlying reasons for their habits. To gather data, 15 riverside inhabitants who have been defecating in the river since childhood were interviewed, and field observations were conducted. The data were analysed using the Miles & Huberman model for the thematic analysis. The findings revealed that open defecation behaviour among riverside inhabitants was difficult to intervene in because it was associated with (1) social communication experiences; (2) socio-cultural factors; (3) individual attitudes; (4) economic constraints and household size; and (5) the physical environment. This study recommends tailoring sanitation promotion to community conditions and needs, involving community and religious leaders, and encouraging policymakers to protect rivers from industrial activity to improve behaviour change.
Innovative polygon trend analysis for the monthly rainfall in the Mae Klong River Basin, Thailand
Authors: Khalil Alamgir
Published: May 2024

Historical fluctuations in hydroclimatic variables can reveal important information about water resource changes in any basin. The innovative polygon trend analysis (IPTA) method was used to analyze 45-year rainfall data from eight monitoring stations in the Mae Klong River Basin, Thailand. The IPTA graphics were developed for the mean monthly rainfall and the standard deviation of the monthly rainfall for each station. In addition, the IPTA results were compared with the Mann–Kendall (MK) test and the Sen's slope method. The IPTA graphics showed no regular polygon for any rainfall station, which indicated variability of rainfall over the years. The IPTA method showed increasing trends for the month of April while decreasing trends in the month of October for the majority of the stations (7 of 8). A good agreement for detection of trends was found between the IPTA method and the MK test. Both the methods found trends (increasing/decreasing) for 69 months (72%) and showed no trend for 27 months (28%) out of a total of 96 months. The findings of this study could benefit water supply and management, drought monitoring, and agricultural production activities in the Mae Klong River Basin in the future.
Personal Development of the Biblical Nicodemus in the Light of Kazimierz Dąbrowski’s Theory of Positive Disintegration
Authors: Powęska Michał Filip
Published: May 2024

W niniejszym artykule autor podejmuje się analizy trzech fragmentów czwartej Ewangelii (J 3,1–21; 7,45–53; 19,38–42), w których wspomniany zostaje należący do stronnictwa faryzeuszów Nikodem, znany przede wszystkim z nocnego spotkania z Jezusem. Na podstawie tych trzech passusów, w których obserwuje się zachowanie i wypowiedzi biblijnego bohatera, zostaje podjęta próba określenia poziomu rozwoju, momentu kryzysu oraz prześledzenia drogi rozwoju osobowego Nikodema w kontekście założeń teorii dezintegracji pozytywnej autorstwa polskiego naukowca prof. Kazimierza Dąbrowskiego.
Wpływ nauczania religii na religijną wiedzę i wiarę uczniów. Analiza opinii młodzieży
Authors: Mąkosa Paweł , Słotwińska Helena , Mariański Janusz , Buk-Cegiełka Marta , Rybarski Radosław
Published: May 2024

Pogłębianie wiedzy religijnej oraz wiary w Boga stanowi główne zadanie dla nauczania religii w ujęciu konfesyjno-katechumenalnym, jakie funkcjonuje w Polsce. Często jednak uważa się, że zadania te nie są realizowane w wystarczającym stopniu. W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę zbadania tego problemu z perspektywy uczniów. W tym celu przeprowadzono analizę opinii młodzieży szkół ponadpodstawowych, pozyskanych podczas ogólnopolskich badań ilościowych. Młodzież sama oceniała, czy i w jakim stopniu udział w lekcjach religii pozytywnie wpływa na jej wiedzę religijną oraz wiarę. Na podstawie analizy tych opinii sformułowano wnioski edukacyjne i pastoralne oraz podjęto próbę znalezienia rozwiązań dla zdiagnozowanych wyzwań.
Evaluating the impact of various biofertilizer sources on growth and yield attributes of spring rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Eastern Terai of Nepal
Authors: Mehata Dipesh Kumar , Yadav Shubh Pravat Singh , Ghimire Netra Prasad , Oli Biplov , Mehta Rupesh Kumar , Acharya Ravi
Published: May 2024

A field study was conducted at a farmer’s field in Ratuwamai, Morang, from February 2023 to June 2023 to assess the impact of various bio-fertilizer sources on the growth and yield characteristics of rice. The experiment followed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and seven treatments. The treatments included: T1: Recommended NPK dose (100:30:30 kg/ha), T2: Farmyard manure (FYM) (12 t/ha), T3: Goat manure (8 t/ha), T4: Mycorrhiza (11.25 kg/ha), T5: Organic manure (11.25 kg/ha), T6: Mustard seed cake (3.75 t/ha), and T7: Control (no fertilizer). Our investigation explored the significant effects of these treatments on the growth and yield-contributing attributes of the Chaite-4 rice variety. Results indicated that T1 (7021.47 kg/ha) and T2 (6681.70 kg/ha) exhibited the highest grain yield, followed by T3 (5128.35 kg/ha), T2 (4482.78 kg/ha), T5 (4335.79 kg/ha), T4 (4253.80 kg/ha), with T7 showing the lowest yield (3971.64 kg/ha). The maximum straw yield was observed in T1 (11037.50 kg/ha) and T6 (10644.16 kg/ha), while the control (T7) had the lowest (7681.66 kg/ha). Additionally, parameters such as plant height, number of tillers per hill, effective tillers per hill, panicle length, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, grains per panicle, and SPAD value were highest in T1 and T6, and lowest in T7. Furthermore, the biofertilizers with the greatest benefit-to-cost ratios were organic manure and mycorrhiza (2.0 and 1.9, respectively), while goat manure showed an average ratio (1.6), indicating their cost-effectiveness. These findings demonstrate that the application of these biofertilizers enhances rice crop development and output, leading to substantial returns on investment.
The Miraculous of Rhizopus arrhizus in the Structural Modifications of Steroidal Skeleton
Authors: Azizuddin  , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Many natural and synthetic steroidal compounds have been converted by biotransformation
to get highly valuable products for pharmaceuticals or chemical intermediates for the production
of drugs. This review summarizes the biotransformation of sixty-six steroids 1-66 (ten of pregnane
1-10, fifty of androstane 11-60 while six steroids of estrane series 61-66) by using different
strains of Rhizopus arrhizus, a well-known fungus of the zygomycetes group, used in food, dairy,
pharmaceutical and numerous biotechnological processes. R. arrhizus transformed only fifty-four
compounds 1-51 and 61-63, whereas nine compounds of androstane 52-60 and three compounds of
estrane series 64-66 remained unchanged. R. arrhizus brought various structural modifications in
steroids, including hydroxylation, epoxidation, epoxide hydrolysis, reduction of double bonds and
ketonic group, dechlorination and defluorination, deacetylation, oxidation of various functional
groups and isomerization.
Cell Therapies and Gene Therapy for Diabetes: Current Progress
Authors: Ghassemifard Leila , Hasanlu Masumeh , Parsamanesh Negin , Atkin Stephen L. , Almahmeed Wael , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: May 2024

The epidemic of diabetes continues to be an increasing problem, and there is a need
for new therapeutic strategies. There are several promising drugs and molecules in synthetic
medicinal chemistry that are developing for diabetes. In addition to this approach, extensive
studies with gene and cell therapies are being conducted. Gene therapy is an existing approach in
treating several diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, heart disease and diabetes. Several
reports have also suggested that stem cells have the differentiation capability to functional
pancreatic beta cell development in vitro and in vivo, with the utility to treat diabetes and prevent
the progression of diabetes-related complications. In this current review, we have focused
on the different types of cell therapies and vector-based gene therapy in treating or preventing
diabetes.
A Survey of the Relationship Between Dietary Quality and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Mohtashami Alireza
Published: May 2024

Background:

Dietary intake is increasingly recognized as a pivotal factor in the etiology
of metabolic syndrome. A substantial body of evidence suggests a discernible correlation between
dietary quality indices and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.

Objective:

This survey seeks to rigorously evaluate the impact of diet quality indices and demographic
variables on the manifestation of metabolic syndrome.

Materials and Methods:

This case-control study encompassed 175 individuals diagnosed with
metabolic syndrome and an equal number of age-matched healthy counterparts (Comprising both
genderS) aged between 20 and 65 years. Participants were sourced from diverse laboratories and
the general population in Chalous, northern Iran. Dietary intake data were meticulously acquired
using a comprehensive Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Furthermore, dietary quality indices,
specifically the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), Nutrient Adequacy
Ratio (NAR), and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR), were meticulously evaluated employing
standardized methodologies.

Results:

There was no significant diversity in the likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome
concerning the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR), and Mean Adequacy
Ratio (MAR) when comparing quartile 4 (Maximum scorE) to quartile 1 (Minimum scorE).
However, this likelihood diminished following adjustments for confounding variables, including
age, sex, dietary energy, education, job, and marital status. In the case of the Dietary Diversity
Score (DDS), there was an observed difference in morbidity likelihood between quartile 4 and
quartile 1. Nevertheless, after meticulous adjustment for confounding variables, this difference
failed to reach statistical significance. No substantial variations (P ≥ 0.05) were detected in the
odds ratio across quartiles and models (P trenD) for all dietary quality indices.

Conclusion:

No significant associations were identified between dietary quality indices and the occurrence
of metabolic syndrome.
Prediction of Age-Related MicroRNA Signature in Mesenchymal Stem
Cells by using Computational Methods
Authors: Salehi Mohammad , Darroudi Majid , Musavi Maryam , Momtazi-Borojeni Amir Abbas
Published: May 2024

Background:

Aging is a phenomenon which occurs over time and leads to the decay of
living organisms. During the progression of aging, some age-associated diseases including cardiovascular
disease, cancers, and neurological, mental, and physical disorders could develop. Genetic
and epigenetic factors like microRNAs, as one of the post-transcriptional regulators of genes, play
important roles in senescence. The self-renewal and differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem
cells makes them good candidates for regenerative medicine.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to evaluate senescence-related miRNAs in human MSCs
using bioinformatics analysis.

Methods:

In this study, the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to investigate
the senescence-related genome profile. Then, down-regulated genes were selected for further
bioinformatics analysis with the assumption that their decreased expression is associated with an
increased aging process. Considering that miRNAs can interfere in gene expression, miRNAs
complementary to these genes were identified using bioinformatics software.

Results:

Through bioinformatics analysis, we predicted hsa-miR-590-3p, hsa-miR-10b-3p, hsamiR-
548 family, hsa-miR-144-3p, and hsa-miR-30b-5p which involve in cellular senescence and
the aging of human MSCs.

Conclusion:

miRNA mimics or anti-miRNA agents have the potential to be used as anti-aging
tools for MSCs.
Obesity and Depression: Common Link and Possible Targets
Authors: Jitte Srikanth , Keluth Saritha , Bisht Priya , Wal Pranay , Singh Sanjiv , Murti Krishna , Kumar Nitesh
Published: May 2024

:

Depression is among the main causes of disability, and its protracted manifestations
could make it even harder to treat metabolic diseases. Obesity is linked to episodes of depression,
which is closely correlated to abdominal adiposity and impaired food quality. The present review is
aimed at studying possible links between obesity and depression along with targets to disrupt it. Research
output in Pubmed and Scopus were referred for writing this manuscript. Obesity and depression
are related, with the greater propensity of depressed people to gain weight, resulting in poor dietary
decisions and a sedentary lifestyle. Adipokines, which include adiponectin, resistin, and leptin
are secretory products of the adipose tissue. These adipokines are now being studied to learn more
about the connection underlying obesity and depression. Ghrelin, a gut hormone, controls both obesity
and depression. Additionally, elevated ghrelin levels result in anxiolytic and antidepressant-like
effects. The gut microbiota influences the metabolic functionalities of a person, like caloric processing
from indigestible nutritional compounds and storage in fatty tissue, that exposes an individual
to obesity, and gut microorganisms might connect to the CNS through interconnecting pathways,
including neurological, endocrine, and immunological signalling systems. The alteration of brain
activity caused by gut bacteria has been related to depressive episodes. Monoamines, including dopamine,
serotonin, and norepinephrine, have been widely believed to have a function in emotions
and appetite control. Emotional signals stimulate arcuate neurons in the hypothalamus that are directly
implicated in mood regulation and eating. The peptide hormone GLP-1(glucagon-like peptide-
1) seems to have a beneficial role as a medical regulator of defective neuroinflammation, neurogenesis,
synaptic dysfunction, and neurotransmitter secretion discrepancy in the depressive brain.
The gut microbiota might have its action in mood and cognition regulation, in addition to its traditional
involvement in GI function regulation. This review addressed the concept that obesity-related
low-grade mild inflammation in the brain contributes to chronic depression and cognitive impairments.
DNA Replication
Authors: Gul Kainat
Published: May 2024

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes identical copies of its
genetic material. This process is essential for transmitting genetic information from one
generation of cells to the next during cell division. DNA replication is a complex
process involving unwinding the double helix, separating the two strands, and
synthesizing new complementary strands. The process is catalyzed by a large complex
of proteins called the replisome, which includes DNA polymerases, helicases, and
other enzymes. The accuracy of DNA replication is critical to the maintenance of
genetic information, and errors in replication can lead to mutations and genetic
diseases. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication is fundamental
to many fields of biology, including genetics, biotechnology, and medicine. 
Mutation and DNA Repairs
Authors: Yousaf Shumaila , Nasir Saba
Published: May 2024

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can occur spontaneously or
due to exposure to mutagenic agents such as chemicals, radiation, or viruses. These
changes can have a wide range of effects on the organism, from no effect at all to
causing genetic disorders or cancer. DNA repair mechanisms exist to correct these
mutations, ensuring the integrity of the genetic material. There are several types of
DNA repair mechanisms, including base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair,
and mismatch repair, each designed to correct different types of DNA damage. The
repair mechanisms are highly regulated and involve a complex network of proteins that
detect, remove, and replace damaged DNA. Defects in DNA repair mechanisms can
lead to an accumulation of mutations, increasing the risk of cancer and other diseases.
For example, individuals with inherited mutations in DNA repair genes have a higher
risk of developing certain types of cancer, such as breast and ovarian cancer.
Restriction Enzymes
Authors: Zain Ul Abedien
Published: May 2024

Restriction enzymes are bacterial enzymes that cleave DNA at specific
recognition sequences, usually consisting of four to eight base pairs. These enzymes
have become invaluable tools in molecular biology, enabling scientists to manipulate
and analyze DNA in various ways. Restriction enzymes are used in various
applications, including gene cloning, DNA fingerprinting, and genome mapping. By
cleaving DNA at specific sites, restriction enzymes can generate DNA fragments with
defined ends, which can then be ligated into vectors for cloning or PCR amplification.
Using restriction enzymes in conjunction with gel electrophoresis allows for the
separation and analysis of DNA fragments based on their size. There are over 3,000
known restriction enzymes, each with its unique recognition sequence. Many of these
enzymes have been isolated from bacteria and are named after the bacterial species
from which they were derived. Some restriction enzymes have also been engineered to
recognize new recognition sequences, expanding their usefulness in molecular biology.
The discovery and development of restriction enzymes have revolutionized molecular
biology, allowing scientists to manipulate and analyze DNA in previously impossible
ways. As our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of these enzymes continues
to grow, they will likely play a critical role in genetics and biotechnology. 
Molecular Basis of Obesity
Authors: Toor Itrat Fatima
Published: May 2024

 Based on the classification by the World Organization of Health (WHO), it
considers that a BMI equal to or greater than 30 kg/m2
corresponds to obesity.
Likewise, a BMI value equal to or greater than 25 kg/m2
increases the chances of
developing diseases associated with obesity. It is estimated that heredity in the
variation of the BMI is in the range of 0.4 to 0.7; that is, the probability of inheriting
obesity is very low and is more associated with exogenous factors. Obesity
comorbidities are a risk factor for developing insulin resistance (IR), DM2, CVD,
stroke, osteoarthritis, endometrial, breast, and colon cancer, among other chronic
noncommunicable conditions. In addition, obesity is also linked to various digestive
diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophagitis, colorectal polyps, and
non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Obesity and overweight are associated with 44% of DM2
cases, 23% of ischemic heart disease cases, and 7 to 41% of cancer cases.
reliability of patient information in electronic systems
Authors: Alshammari Nawaf Mithqal Saleh , Alouthah ‏Mohammad Ghatyan Sulaiman , Alrshidi ‏Ahmed Saleh Madws , Alshammari ‏Mateb Falah Nahar , Alrasheidi ‏Bander Mohammad Haia , Alshammari ‏Mansour Fahad Nasser , Alsudais ‏Abdullah Sulaiman Abdullah , Alsaadi ‏Hamoud Faraj Freej , Alshammari ‏Saad Nghimish Khasram
Published: May 2024

Electronic health records (EHRs) are digitized data used for clinical research and data science. Data quality in EHRs is crucial for accurate results, including accuracy, completeness, consistency, credibility, timeliness, accessibility, adequacy, comprehensibility, and interpretability. However, the quality of digital data in EHRs is a major concern, with issues such as incompleteness, duplication, poor organization, fragmentation, and insufficient use of coded data. To improve data accuracy, researchers can use statistical measures and validate data using methods like central tendency, dispersion, and goodness-of-fit tests. Missing data in EHRs can be classified into three forms: missing completely at random (MCAR), missing at random (MAR), and missing not at random (MNAR). Challenges in EHR data include documentation without explicit units of measurement, discrepancies in data collection across organizations, and unstructured text data. To ensure high-quality data, researchers should familiarize themselves with the EHR platform, secondary data sources, and data collection methodologies. Regulations at national and international levels are established to ensure the optimal handling, safeguarding, and usage of personal data, including healthcare information. This study provides an overview of the key elements of high-quality electronic health record (EHR) systems, as well as common practices in their deployment.
impact of interoperability on medical record sharing: review
Authors: Alshammari Nawaf Mithqal Saleh , Alouthah ‏Mohammad Ghatyan Sulaiman , Alrshidi ‏Ahmed Saleh Madws , Alshammari ‏Mateb Falah Nahar , Alrasheidi ‏Bander Mohammad Haia , Alshammari ‏Mansour Fahad Nasser , Alsudais ‏Abdullah Sulaiman Abdullah , Alsaadi Hamoud Faraj Freej , Alshammari ‏Saad Nghimish Khasram
Published: May 2024

Background: The process of integrating and sharing information across health organizations and system providers is difficult because of the differences in their internal ecosystems and the use of proprietary electronic health record systems. Current studies highlight the advantages of a unified environment for inpatient treatment, with a specific emphasis on enhancing the quality, effectiveness, and long-term viability of healthcare procedures. Aim of Work: This research aims to investigate the benefits of semantic interoperability in electronic health records, enabling the smooth transfer of information across different healthcare entities and sectors within organizations. Methods: Seven databases were searched for papers published between October 2010 and September 2020 as part of an extensive, systematic literature evaluation. The research concentrated on identifying typical situations, methods, and instruments used to tackle interoperability obstacles in healthcare environments. A classification system was presented to describe the discoveries related to semantic interoperability in health records. Results: The research emphasized efficient technologies and methods for attaining semantic interoperability, which allows for the smooth exchange of data and encourages data sharing among healthcare professionals, such as physicians, nurses, labs, and other organizations in the healthcare field.
Employees' Perception Regarding Performance Appraisal Practices in Insurance Sector; A Case Study of Bharti AXA Life Insurance Company Ltd.
Authors: Pallavee Shrivastava  , Priyanka Srivastava
Published: May 2024

Insurance sector competes by innovating and developing the core competencies of their human resources. The human resource system can be made effective by having a valid appraisal system that also acts as a true motivator. In order to ensure that the right number of staff with the right capacities is available at the right time and for the right places, appraisal is one of the key factors of organizational ability which is the focus of this study. The purpose of the paper is to know the impact of performance appraisal on the reward, motivation, job satisfaction, superior- subordinate relationship which will finally lead to customer satisfaction and better performance by the insurance sector. As we know that performance appraisal is one of the most widely used methods for measuring the value of employee performance. The success of performance appraisal depends on how effectively it is implemented. It also depends on how well the employees have understood the performance appraisal system and how positively they are oriented towards their system.
Pandemic Fatigue and Preferences for COVID-19 Public Health and Social Measures in China: Nationwide Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Yang Meng , He Zonglin , Zhang Yin , Liu Taoran , Ming Wai-kit
Published: May 2024

Background

Information on the public’s preferences for current public health and social measures (PHSMs) and people’s mental health under PHSMs is insufficient.

Objective

This study aimed to quantify the public’s preferences for varied PHSMs and measure the level of pandemic fatigue in the COVID-19 normalization stage in China.

Methods

A nationwide cross-sectional study with a discrete choice experiment and psychometric scales was conducted to assess public preferences for and attitudes toward PHSMs, using the quota sampling method. The COVID-19 Pandemic Fatigue Scale (CPFS) was used to screen fatigue levels among respondents. The multinomial logit model, latent class model, and Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis. We also conducted subgroup analysis based on sex, age, monthly income, mental health status, and pandemic fatigue status.

Results

A total of 689 respondents across China completed the survey. The discrete choice experiment revealed that respondents attached the greatest importance to the risk of COVID-19 infection within 3 months (45.53%), followed by loss of income within 3 months (30.69%). Vulnerable populations (low-income populations and elderly people) were more sensitive to the risk of infection, while younger respondents were more sensitive to income loss and preferred nonsuspension of social places and transportation. Migrants and those with pandemic fatigue had less acceptance of the mandatory booster vaccination and suspension of transportation. Additionally, a higher pandemic fatigue level was observed in female respondents, younger respondents, migrants, and relatively lower-income respondents (CPFS correlation with age: r=–0.274, P<.001; correlation with monthly income: r=–0.25, P<.001). Mandatory booster COVID-19 vaccination was also not preferred by respondents with a higher level of pandemic fatigue, while universal COVID-19 booster vaccination was preferred by respondents with a lower level of pandemic fatigue.

Conclusions

Pandemic fatigue is widely prevalent in respondents across China, and respondents desired the resumption of normal social life while being confronted with the fear of COVID-19 infection in the normalization stage of COVID-19 in China. During future pandemics, the mental burden and adherence of residents should be considered for the proper implementation of PHSMs.
Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam Versus Etomidate for Induction of General Anesthesia: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhao Li , Guo Yiping , Zhou Xuelei , Mao Wei , Chen Linlin , Xie Ying , Li Linji
Published: May 2024

Background

Postinduction hypotension (PIHO) is a hemodynamic abnormality commonly observed during the induction of general anesthesia. Etomidate is considered a safer drug for the induction of anesthesia because it has only minor adverse effects on the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. Recent evidence indicates that the novel benzodiazepine remimazolam has minimal inhibitory effects on the circulation and respiration. However, the efficacy and safety of remimazolam versus etomidate in the induction of anesthesia are unclear.

Objective

To further understand the potential of remimazolam in anesthesia induction, it is necessary to design a meta-analysis to compare its effects versus the classic safe anesthetic etomidate. The aim of this study is to determine which drug has more stable hemodynamics and a lower incidence of PIHO. Our study will also yield data on sedation efficiency, time to loss of consciousness, time to awakening, incidence of injection pain, and postoperative nausea and vomiting with the two drugs.

Methods

We plan to search the Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases from the date of their creation until March 31, 2025. The language is limited to English and Chinese. The search terms are “randomized controlled trials,” “etomidate,” and “remimazolam.” The incidence of PIHO is the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes include depth of anesthesia after induction, sedation success rate, time to loss of consciousness, hemodynamic profiles, recovery time, incidence of injection pain, and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Reviews, meta-analyses, case studies, abstracts from conferences, and commentaries will not be included. The heterogeneity of the results will be evaluated by sensitivity and subgroup analyses. RevMan software and Stata software will be used for data analysis. We will evaluate the quality of included studies using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. The confidence of the evidence will be assessed through the Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Developments, and Evaluations system.

Results

The protocol was registered in the international PROSPERO (Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) registry in November 2023. As of June 2024, we have performed a preliminary article search and retrieval for further review. The review and analyses are expected to be completed in March 2025. We expect to submit manuscripts for peer review by the end of June 2025.

Conclusions

By synthesizing the available evidence and comparing remimazolam and etomidate, we hope to provide valuable insights into the selection of anesthesia-inducing drugs to reduce the incidence of PIHO and improve patient prognosis.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42023463120; https://tinyurl.com/333jb8bm

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/55948
Difference in Rumor Dissemination and Debunking Before and After the Relaxation of COVID-19 Prevention and Control Measures in China: Infodemiology Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Xiaoqi , Hu Qingyuan , Wang Jie , Wu Xusheng , Hu Dehua
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

The information epidemic emerged along with the COVID-19 pandemic. While controlling the spread of COVID-19, the secondary harm of epidemic rumors to social order cannot be ignored.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this paper was to understand the characteristics of rumor dissemination before and after the pandemic and the corresponding rumor management and debunking mechanisms. This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis and effective methods for relevant departments to establish a sound mechanism for managing network rumors related to public health emergencies such as COVID-19.

METHODS

This study collected data sets of epidemic rumors before and after the relaxation of the epidemic prevention and control measures, focusing on large-scale network rumors. Starting from 3 dimensions of rumor content construction, rumor propagation, and rumor-refuting response, the epidemic rumors were subdivided into 7 categories, namely, involved subjects, communication content, emotional expression, communication channels, communication forms, rumor-refuting subjects, and verification sources. Based on this framework, content coding and statistical analysis of epidemic rumors were carried out.

RESULTS

The study found that the rumor information was primarily directed at a clear target audience. The main themes of rumor dissemination were related to the public’s immediate interests in the COVID-19 field, with significant differences in emotional expression and mostly negative emotions. Rumors mostly spread through social media interactions, community dissemination, and circle dissemination, with text content as the main form, but they lack factual evidence. The preferences of debunking subjects showed differences, and the frequent occurrence of rumors reflected the unsmooth channels of debunking. The χ2 test of data before and after the pandemic showed that the P value was less than .05, indicating that the difference in rumor content before and after the pandemic had statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONS

This study’s results showed that the themes of rumors during the pandemic are closely related to the immediate interests of the public, and the emotions of the public accelerate the spread of these rumors, which are mostly disseminated through social networks. Therefore, to more effectively prevent and control the spread of rumors during the pandemic and to enhance the capability to respond to public health crises, relevant authorities should strengthen communication with the public, conduct emotional risk assessments, and establish a joint mechanism for debunking rumors.
Study on the stable behavior of the river embankment system considering climate change impacts and pressure wave
Authors: Le Hoang , Nguyen Trung Phuong , Do Hung Thoi , Le Thi Anh Hong , Do Ngoc Trieu , Le Nong , Ho Quang Vinh
Published: May 2024

Understanding the behavior of working conditions of the embankment structural system on reinforced concrete pile foundations is very important in design, construction, operation exploitation, and use. This study assessed the adaptive performance of the Hau River landslide protection embankment in regard to climate change scenarios, specifically the impacts of more extraordinary groundwater table drawdown conditions including pressure waves. The study uses Plaxis 2D V.22 software to simulate and calculate the safety factor of the stability of landslide protection embankment on the right bank of Hau River in the area of Binh Duc Ward, Long Xuyen City, An Giang Province. Simulation. The research results on the effectiveness of shore protection works by the seawall system show that the impact of rising water levels as forecasted by climate change projections (+2.8m elevation) is still within the safe limits. Besides, the dangerous scenario of lowering water levels from the design elevation of -1.0 m (Msf = 1.114) down to the climate change water level of -1.5m elevation (Msf = 1.113)) affecting the protected shoreline also has a minor influence on the stability of the structure. Moreover, the impact of waves on the protection works, which is negligible, is also reduced by the shore protection seawall.
Applications of IoT technology for climate change adaptation in the Mekong Delta
Authors: Luong Vinh Quoc Danh
Published: May 2024

The Mekong Delta, with an area of over 40,000 square kilometers, is the largest agricultural and fishery production center in Viet Nam. However, along with the Ganges River Delta and the Nile River Delta, the Mekong Delta is one of the three delta regions most severely impacted by climate change. In recent years, this region has faced drought, saltwater intrusion, environmental degradation, and land subsidence mainly caused by climate change. The Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been envisioned as a powerful tool for combating climate change. This paper presents some research projects that leverage the potential of IoT technology and applications to improve the effectiveness of rice cultivation and aquaculture; and support the development of riverbank landslide early warning systems for the region. Through these applications, IoT technology has provided practical answers to address climate change and save the environment.
‘An Important Exercise of Care and Attention’: How the International Geological Expedition Was Established in Mongolia
Authors: Kamandzhaev Narma
Published: May 2024

Introduction. In the early 1970s, Mongolia’s executives ― in accordance with the Comprehensive Program of Socialist Economic Integration ― were seeking to gain economic ground and bring the MPR to the level of its partners. In this regard, a number of initiatives were put forward by CMEA, one be discussed herein. Goals. The article examines how CMEA bodies would coordinate the making of the International Geological Expedition in Mongolia. Materials. The source base for the study comprises both published and unpublished materials from the Russian State Archive of Economy and Russian State Archive of Contemporary History. Results. The approval of the Expedition’s establishment was a relatively long and non-linear process. The three-year review witnessed at least two appeals by the CMEA Standing Commission on Geology to the Executive Committee requesting due coordination of most controversial issues. Conclusions. The long and sometimes heated negotiation process resulted in that key provisions of the Agreement on the establishment of IGE were dramatically different from the initial proposals of the Mongolian side. The meetings of 1972–1973 proved decisive for the future functioning of the Expedition, since the former articulated the main goals of the endeavor. When it came to initiate such an expedition, the Mongolian side’s draft implied its work would be paralleled by arrangements on ‘issue no. 11’ to avoid any thematic overlaps, but this idea was opposed by the European socialist countries. In response, the July 1973 meeting launched a new initiative of the Mongolian side suggesting a detailed exploration of three deposits (a project of joint development was then being lobbied by Mongolian representatives in CMEA bodies). In our opinion, the contradictions were rooted in differing visions of the IGE’s goals adopted by Mongolia and European socialist countries. Nevertheless, the very fact of the IGE’s establishment in Mongolia can be viewed as a completely positive experience, since it was one of the few Mongolian initiatives within the CMEA that resulted in the signing of a multilateral agreement.
The Role of Imperial Authorities in Electing Muslim Clerics across Yenisei Governorate, Mid-Nineteenth to Early Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Shershneva Elena
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The article discusses some actual conditions experienced by Muslim clerics of Yenisei Governorate (Eastern Siberia) in the context of Imperial Russia’s religious policies throughout the mid-nineteenth to early twentieth centuries. Attention is drawn to that the mid-to-late nineteenth century witnessed a Muslim population increase across the region, which implied that increased spiritual needs be duly satisfied. Goals. The article aims at specifying the role of official authorities in electing Muslim clerics within Yenisei Governorate. Materials and methods. The study focuses on corresponding imperially approved regulations for Muslim clergy and archival materials housed at the State Archive of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Central State Historical Archive of Bashkortostan, and Russian State Historical Archive. It is noteworthy that quite a number of the archival materials are being newly introduced into scientific circulation. The work rests on the methodological principles of objectivity and historicism that prove instrumental in assessing the government’s role in shaping the institution of Muslim clergy in Yenisei Governorate. To accomplish this, the chronological and historic-genetic methods are used. Results. The region’s sociohistorical agenda made any elections of required clerics somewhat problematic. The imperial statutes banned exiled (relocated) believers from participating in such processes, but sometimes legally capable members of a community were even fewer that the former. The obtained status of a mediator between the mahalla and government agencies would, inter alia, give rise to internal controversies. However, believers tended to perceive their mullah as a defender of their interests even at the government level. Our insights into archival materials attest to governorate-level executives had no clear understanding of how to arrange elections of Muslim clerics. Virtually being a government-sanctioned body, Orenburg Mohammedan Assembly would take pains to guarantee trustworthiness of to be appointed candidates. In the early twentieth century, such applicants would face even more restrictions enshrined by regulations and procedures of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Relationship between Assertiveness and Self-Esteem among Young Indian Adults
Authors: Dowerah Anuradha
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This quantitative study explores the relationship between assertiveness and self-esteem among young Indian adults aged 20 to 30 years. The research design employs a correlation approach to examine the statistical association between assertiveness and self-esteem without manipulating variables. The study aims to answer key questions regarding gender differences in assertiveness and self-esteem, the relationship between assertiveness and self-esteem, and the impact of self-esteem on assertiveness. Data from 131 participants (61 males, 70 females) from Assam and Karnataka were collected using Google Forms and social media advertising. The Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (RAS) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were used to measure assertiveness and self-esteem, respectively. Statistical analyses included independent sample t-tests, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The results indicate no significant difference in assertiveness and self-esteem between males and females. However, a significant negative correlation was found between assertiveness and self-esteem, suggesting that as assertiveness increases, self-esteem tends to decrease, and vice versa. Regression analysis further confirms that self-esteem significantly impacts assertiveness among young adults, with approximately 8.9% of the variability in assertiveness scores explained by differences in self-esteem. These findings provide valuable insights into the dynamics of assertiveness and selfesteem among young Indian adults, highlighting the complex interplay between these psychological constructs and their implications for individual well-being and behavior.