bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Back to the future: re-establishing guinea pigin vivoasthma models
Authors: Adner Mikael , Canning Brendan J. , Meurs Herman , Ford William , Ramos Ramírez Patricia , van den Berg Mariska P.M. , Birrell Mark A. , Stoffels Eva , Lundblad Lennart K.A. , Nilsson Gunnar P. , Olsson Henric K. , Belvisi Maria G. , Dahlén Sven-Erik
Published: June 2020

Research using animal models of asthma is currently dominated by mouse models. This has been driven by the comprehensive knowledge on inflammatory and immune reactions in mice, as well as tools to produce genetically modified mice. Many of the identified therapeutic targets influencing airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammation in mouse models, have however been disappointing when tested clinically in asthma. It is therefore a great need for new animal models that more closely resemble human asthma.

The guinea pig has for decades been used in asthma research and a comprehensive table of different protocols for asthma models is presented. The studies have primarily been focused on the pharmacological aspects of the disease, where the guinea pig undoubtedly is superior to mice. Further reasons are the anatomical and physiological similarities between human and guinea pig airways compared with that of the mouse, especially with respect to airway branching, neurophysiology, pulmonary circulation and smooth muscle distribution, as well as mast cell localization and mediator secretion. Lack of reagents and specific molecular tools to study inflammatory and immunological reactions in the guinea pig has however greatly diminished its use in asthma research.

The aim in this position paper is to review and summarize what we know about different aspects of the use of guinea pig in vivo models for asthma research. The associated aim is to highlight the unmet needs that have to be addressed in the future.
Specificity determinants of phosphoprotein phosphatases controlling kinetochore functions
Authors: Garvanska Dimitriya H. , Nilsson Jakob
Published: June 2020

Kinetochores are instrumental for accurate chromosome segregation by binding to microtubules in order to move chromosomes and by delaying anaphase onset through the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Dynamic phosphorylation of kinetochore components is key to control these activities and is tightly regulated by temporal and spatial recruitment of kinases and phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs). Here we focus on PP1, PP2A-B56 and PP2A-B55, three PPPs that are important regulators of mitosis. Despite the fact that these PPPs share a very similar active site, they target unique ser/thr phosphorylation sites to control kinetochore function. Specificity is in part achieved by PPPs binding to short linear motifs (SLiMs) that guide their substrate specificity. SLiMs bind to conserved pockets on PPPs and are degenerate in nature, giving rise to a range of binding affinities. These SLiMs control the assembly of numerous substrate specifying complexes and their position and binding strength allow PPPs to target specific phosphorylation sites. In addition, the activity of PPPs is regulated by mitotic kinases and inhibitors, either directly at the activity level or through affecting PPP–SLiM interactions. Here, we discuss recent progress in understanding the regulation of PPP specificity and activity and how this controls kinetochore biology.
Centromere identity and function put to use: construction and transfer of mammalian artificial chromosomes to animal models
Authors: Yang Ye , Lampson Michael A. , Black Ben E.
Published: June 2020

Mammalian artificial chromosomes (MACs) are widely used as gene expression vectors and have various advantages over conventional expression vectors. We review and discuss breakthroughs in MAC construction, initiation of functional centromeres allowing their faithful inheritance, and transfer from cell culture to animal model systems. These advances have contributed to advancements in synthetic biology, biomedical research, and applications in industry and in the clinic.
Optimised low dispersive ID‐WLP‐FDTD method based on scaling factor
Authors: Ding Jinchao
Published: June 2020

An optimised low numerical dispersion unconditionally stable finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method based on the isotropic dispersion (ID) scheme and weighted Laguerre polynomials (WLP) is presented. The proposed method adopts a scaling factor for permittivity and permeability in the ID‐WLP‐FDTD method, which can generate almost the exact phase velocity for a single frequency. In contrast with the traditional WLP‐FDTD method and ID‐WLP‐FDTD method, the numerical dispersion of the new method is significantly reduced, and the proposed method can guarantee high accuracy and high efficiency simultaneously.
Non‐contact method to reduce contact problems between sample and electrode in dielectric measurements
Authors: Hao Jing , Xu Xiangdong , Taylor Nathaniel
Published: June 2020

Dielectric response measurement is a widely used technique for characterising dielectric materials in terms of their capacitance and dielectric loss. However, the widely used approach with contact between samples and electrodes can in some cases limit the accuracy of the measurement. The authors introduce an easily realised electrode arrangement for non‐contact measurements, which avoids these contact problems. The performance of the electrode arrangement in terms of the edge effect is assessed. The non‐contact and contact methods are compared based on error‐sensitivity analysis and experimental results. Differences are studied further, with attention to contact pressure. The non‐contact method is also compared experimentally with the one‐sided non‐contact method. Air‐reference measurements, comparing the sample to an air‐gap for improved calibration, are used for all measurements. The results show that the non‐contact method can be an alternative to reduce contact problems between the sample and electrodes, although error sensitivity can be higher when the non‐contact method is used. The non‐contact method can decrease the influence of the pressure applied to the sample compared to the contact method, and can also reduce the problem of poor contact that can arise from the absence of pressure in the one‐sided non‐contact method.
SICL‐based wideband crossover with low phase imbalance and group delay
Authors: Krishna Idury Satya , Mukherjee Soumava
Published: June 2020

This study presents a wideband crossover developed using substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) technology. The proposed SICL‐based crossover isolates the two physically overlapping channels by routing the signal in a middle conductor of SICL through the transmission line created in the top and bottom ground plane using a metalised blind via. An equivalent model is proposed to study the role of substrate height in the proposed crossover. The design methodology is affirmed by fabricating and testing the experimental prototype. The measured results show isolation between channels are more than 19 dB with better than 18 dB return loss and less than 1.2 dB insertion loss from 0.2 to 20 GHz. Owing to the non‐dispersive nature of SICL line and simplistic design technique with minimal discontinuities the designed crossover demonstrates low peak‐to‐peak group delay variation, less than 0.04 ns over the entire bandwidth. The proposed crossover due to its symmetric design provides low path difference of less than 2.45 up to 20 GHz ( up to 10 GHz) without any additional phase compensation technique. Utilization of electromagnetically robust self‐packaged components designed in SICL technology provides superior front‐end communication system within a small footprint.
Development of compact rapid capacitor charging power supply for TMS
Authors: Xiong Hui , Wang Yuling , Liu Jinzhen , Chen Yimei , Ji Yue
Published: June 2020

To improve the stimulation efficiency of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and reduce the size and power consumption of the overall circuit, a compact and efficient capacitor charging power supply using an inductor–capacitor–inductor–capacitor resonant converter (LC–LC RC) is designed in this study. The LC–LC RC has the characteristics of low power consumption, high efficiency and uses the voltage gain of the resonant circuit itself and a voltage doubler rectifier circuit instead of the transformer to reduce the size and weight of the overall circuit. A detailed ac analysis with fundamental frequency approximation of the LC–LC RC is presented. Expressions for converter gain, operating condition of the converter as a constant‐current power supply, and condition of the converter voltage and current zero‐phase difference are derived. In addition, RC design value conditions for the minimum resonant network size are derived. An experimental 1.05 A 120 V prototype converter is designed, developed, and tested to verify the theoretical analysis. Experimental results indicate that this circuit is suitable for use in capacitor charging to increase the stimulation performance of TMS.
Multi‐mode target tracking in combined sky‐wave and surface‐wave monostatic high frequency radar
Authors: Zhao Mengxiao , Luo Jun , Yang Yong , Yang Qiang , Zhang Jiazhi , Chen Qiushi
Published: June 2020

Combined sky‐wave and surface‐wave monostatic high‐frequency (CSSM‐HF) radar is a new type of mono‐static high frequency (HF) radar that uses multiple combined propagation modes of skywave and surface wave to detect targets. However, the detection range of different propagation modes partially overlaps, which results in multiple mode echoes from one target. To track the target in the presence of multi‐mode echoes, a new multi‐mode target tracking algorithm is proposed in the study, which uses the detection range as a priori knowledge. In CSSM‐HF radar, the possible propagation mode of the target echo is related to the position of the target itself. Therefore, the study uses the detection range simulation results as a priori knowledge to construct a propagation mode judgment module to effectively improve the calculation efficiency and performance of the tracking algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively track the target in the presence of multi‐mode echoes and the tracking performance of the target with lower abscissa speed is better. In addition, the mode judgment module directly affects the performance of the algorithm. The tracking performance will be reduced when the output of the mode judgment module has an error mode.
Spirituelle Bedürfnisse von Tumorpatienten verändern
sich während der palliativmedizinischen Betreuung kaum
Authors: Büssing Arndt , Baumann Klaus , Rentschler Jochen , Becker Gerhild
Published: June 2020

Hintergrund Die Dauer des Aufenthalts von Patienten auf
Palliativstationen (PCU) nimmt ab und damit vermutlich auch die
Möglichkeit, eine tiefergreifende Unterstützung im Sinne von
Spiritual Care bereitzustellen. Ziel unseres Projektes war es daher, die
spirituellen Bedürfnisse der Patienten zu Beginn und am Ende ihres
PCU-Aufenthalts zu analysieren.

Methoden Zunächst Analyse von 118 Patienten
(hauptsächlich mit Tumorerkrankung) und anschließend
Prä-Post-Vergleich (gepaarter t-Test) der Daten von 62 bzw. 58
Patienten hinsichtlich ihrer spirituellen Bedürfnisse (SpNQ-20), des
spirituellen Wohlbefindens (FACIT-Sp), Lebenszufriedenheit (BMLSS),
Zufriedenheit mit der Team-Unterstützung (BMLSS) und dem
wahrgenommenen Gesundheitszustand (VAS) mit standardisierten
Fragebögen in zwei PCUs.

Ergebnisse Von den spirituellen Bedürfnissen der Patienten
waren die Bedürfnisse nach Innerem Frieden und die
Bedürfnisse nach Geben/Generativität am
stärksten ausgeprägt, die religiösen
Bedürfnisse und existenziellen Bedürfnisse waren geringer
ausgeprägt. Hinsichtlich ihres spirituellen Wohlbefindens war diese
am größten für die Dimension Sinn/Bedeutung,
gefolgt von Frieden und Glauben. Die meisten blieben 2–3 Wochen in
der palliativmedizinischen Behandlung auf der PCU. Innerhalb dieses
Zeitraums änderten sich weder ihre spirituellen Bedürfnisse
noch ihr spirituelles Wohlbefinden oder ihre Lebenszufriedenheit
signifikant, während sich ihr wahrgenommener Gesundheitszustand
leicht verbesserte. Die Zufriedenheit mit der Teamunterstützung war
sehr hoch.

Schlussfolgerungen Der Zeitrahmen für eine tiefgreifende
Unterstützung der spirituellen Betreuung ist eher begrenzt. Obwohl
– oder gerade weil – sich die meisten in Bezug auf ihre
spirituellen Bedürfnisse unterstützt fühlten,
änderten sich weder ihre Bedürfnisse noch ihr Wohlbefinden
signifikant. Die individuelle Entwicklung der spirituellen
Bedürfnisse und des spirituellen Wohlbefindens können sehr
unterschiedlich sein; daher muss sich das Krankenhauspersonal bewusst sein,
dass während des Aufenthaltes auch eine Verstärkung der
spirituellen Bedürfnisse und eine Verschlechterung des spirituellen
Wohlbefindens auftreten können, was entweder auf eine
stärkere Bewusstwerdung oder auf eine Zunahme von Angst und
Belastung hinweisen kann.
Probability distribution of groundcover for runoff prediction in rangeland in the Burnett–Mary Region, Queensland
Authors: Tiwari Jagriti , Yu Bofu , Fentie Bantigegne , Ellis Robin
Published: June 2020

Considering the degree of spatial and temporal variation of groundcover in grazing land, it is desirable to use a simple and robust model to represent the spatial variation in cover in order to quantify its effect on runoff and soil loss. The purpose of the study was to test whether a two-parameter beta (β) distribution could be used to characterise cover variation in space at the sub-catchment scale. Twenty sub-catchments (area range 35.8–231km2) in the Burnett–Mary region, Queensland, were randomly selected. Thirty raster layers of groundcover at 30-m resolution were prepared for these 20 sub-catchments with the average cover for the 30 layers ranging from 24% to 91%. Three methods were used to test the appropriateness of the β distribution for characterising the cover variation in space: (i) visual goodness-of-fit assessment and Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test; (ii) the fractional area with cover ≤53%; and (iii) estimated runoff amount for a given rainfall amount for the area with cover ≤53%. The K-S test on 30×100 samples of groundcover showed that the hypothesis of β distribution for groundcover could not be rejected at P=0.05 for 97.5% of the cases. A comparison of the observed and β distributions in terms of the fractional area with cover ≤53% showed that the discrepancy was ≤8% for the 30 layers considered. A comparison in terms of the estimated runoff showed that results using the observed cover distribution and the β distribution were highly correlated (R2 range 0.91–0.98; Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency measure range 0.88–0.99). The mean absolute error of estimated runoff ranged from 0.98 to 8.10mm and the error relative to the mean was 4–16%. The results indicated that the two-parameter β distribution can be adequately used to characterise the spatial variation of cover and to evaluate the effect of cover on runoff for these predominantly grazing catchments.
De la traduction comme publication et comme glocalisation
Authors: Wilfert-Portal Blaise
Published: June 2020

Dans ce chapitre, je propose une petite théorie de la traduction comme publication. La plupart du
temps oubliée par les translation studies, cette dimension de la traduction est pourtant cruciale,
parce qu’elle permet d’établir que les traductions relèvent, tout autant que de l’herméneutique, de l’esthétique ou de
la théorie culturelle, d’une histoire matérielle, économique et géopolitique. Cette perspective matérialiste et
géopolitique permet de penser la place de la traduction dans la mondialisation. La traduction littéraire n’est pas une
circulation culturelle, mais en réalité une localisation ; la traduction n’est pas une pratique des marges, mais au
contraire une pratique des centres, et notamment des métropoles, qui concentrent le pouvoir et dans lesquelles les
traductions jouent un rôle symbolique et politique crucial.
Translation, monolingualism and multilingualism as symptoms of literary internationalisation after the First World
War
Authors: Mus Francis
Published: June 2020

In what way can a specific medium – a literary magazine – represent, weaken or strengthen a
specific practice such as translation? I will answer this question by discussing a number of Belgian avant-garde
periodicals: L’Art libre (1919–1922), Lumière (1919–1923), Ça Ira!
(1920–1923), Ruimte (1920–1921) and Het Overzicht (1921–1925). Based on this
research corpus, I will defend the hypothesis that the significant presence of translations can be explained by the
combination of (a) the specific format in which they were published, namely, the periodical and (b) the ubiquity of
the notion of internationalism immediately after the war, which was represented as an ideal and whose multiple
definitions – including monolingualism, multilingualism, and translation – determined the ways in which foreign
languages were integrated in periodicals.
Literary journals and book series as agents of consecration
Authors: Sisto Michele
Published: June 2020

If “texts circulate without their contexts” (Bourdieu 1999), how can a translated author acquire
symbolic capital in a new literary field? A very significant agent of consecration can be found in literary journals
and book series that, according to their own position in the field of reception, may have an interest in including
some foreign authors in their repertoire, so sharing and potentially increasing their respective symbolic capitals. By
discussing the case of Thomas Mann’s and Franz Kafka’s Italian trajectories and the development of the Italian
literary field in the first decades of the 20th century, this paper proposes a new theoretical perspective on the
relationship between translated literature and national literary history, based on the experience of the research
project LTit (www.ltit.it).
Shaping translation in two Mexican cultural magazines
Authors: Popea Marina
Published: June 2020

This article examines various kinds of metadata that allow us to explore the ways in which
translation was showcased in two turn-of-the-century Mexican literary periodicals: the
Revista Azul (1894–1896) and the Revista Moderna (1898–1903). It describes the methodological challenges that arise when approaching such
uncharted territory, especially those related to the creation of datasets of translated texts, and argues in favour of
the integration of qualitative and quantitative analysis in their treatment. More precisely, it demonstrates the
importance of implementing descriptive statistics in order to establish distinctions in the uses of translation that
would not be evident at first sight due to the size of the corpora. Combined with content analysis, these inform us
about the contribution of each magazine to the institutionalisation of literary activity and to cultural renovation.
Ultimately, this also reaffirms the importance of data visualisation in this process.
A historian’s approach to quantitative analysis
Authors: Guidali Fabio
Published: June 2020

The study of translated short stories in Italian illustrated magazines can contribute to the
creation of a homogeneous methodology for analyzing literature in periodicals. This chapter, based on the woman’s
magazine Lei, argues that a quantitative analysis of translations should always result in a
proportion between translated and non-translated texts and that it has to consider both the subjective dimension of
the enquiry and potential disturbing features. At the core of the methodological proposal, stands the creation of sets
of numerical results as an answer to the uncertain origin of many short stories, and a vertical close
reading, which entails the identification of all the texts with the same origin in order to investigate
the incidence of internal trends.
Les traductions littéraires dans les périodiques français sous l’Occupation et leur exploitation dans la base de
données TSOcc
Authors: Lombez Christine
Published: June 2020

Durant la période de l’Occupation militaire allemande en France (1940–44), les revues
culturelles et littéraires fleurissent, qu’il s’agisse de publications officielles, soutenues par les pouvoirs publics
(voire publiées directement par l’Occupant), ou encore de feuilles sorties dans la clandestinité, en zone libre ou
occupée, jusqu’en Afrique du Nord (Alger, Tunis, Rabat). Après avoir retracé l’historique du programme de recherches
international TSOcc (Traductions sous l’Occupation) (www.tsocc.univ-nantes.fr) réalisé sous notre direction, nous proposerons un état des lieux du dépouillement
des périodiques effectué dans le cadre de ces travaux et évoquerons les problèmes méthodologiques posés par
l’exploitation de ces données bibliographiques. On s’intéressera également à l’orientation idéologique des divers
périodiques dans leur rapport aux textes sources, à la place accordée aux traducteurs, et à la réflexion théorique sur
la pratique de la traduction dont ils se font souvent l’écho.
Novels, translations and reviews
Authors: Penso Andrea
Published: June 2020

This chapter presents the collaborative research project The reception of the English novel
in the Italian literary press between 1700 and 1830: a transcultural enquiry into the early shaping of the modern
Italian literary and cultural identity (VUB – University of Guelph), aimed at investigating the reception
of English novels in the Italian literary press during the Long Eighteenth Century (1700–1830). Its main purpose is to
uncover how the English novels were introduced to the Italian readership, censored and translated, through the
application of Digital Humanities methodologies of investigation. One of the project goals is in fact to create a
methodological paradigm that may be extended to the study of the reception of English novels in the literary
journalism of other nations.
Challenges and strategies for beginners to solve research questions with DH methodologies on a corpus of
multilingual Philippine periodicals
Authors: Ortuño Casanova Rocío
Published: June 2020

A usually mentioned problem in Digital Humanities (DH) is the difficult fit between Humanities
research questions and DH methodologies. This chapter is therefore configured as a meta-chapter that
explains the problems and strategies when exploring the multilingual repository of Philippine periodicals constructed
within the project “Strenghthening Digital Research at the UP System” in order to research the evolution of the image
of China in these periodicals. The two main challenges found for analysing the periodicals to find an answer have been
(1) Problematic OCRs, (2) Research across multi-lingual publications. The chapter lists literature and research
projects that have approached similar questions and challenges in comparable corpora. Some suggestions of tools to
address them will also be provided.
Quantitative analysis of translations in Spanish-language periodical publications (1900–1945)
Authors: Ikoff Ventsislav , Martínez Pablo
Published: June 2020

This paper addresses the quantification of literary production in Spanish between 1900 and 1945.
To obtain quantitative data, we must consider catalogue records both of main libraries and of newspaper and
periodicals libraries. The latter preserve literary magazines that feature articles and translations from peripheral
authors who were overshadowed or forgotten by historical narrative. Given the absence of proper cataloguing in
newspaper and periodicals libraries, it is necessary to develop a workflow that enables massive and accurate searches.
The aim of the proposed methodology is to build a meta catalogue that allows to search for authors and works together
with translators or illustrators. Only this way will we be able to obtain an overall image of that literary
period.
The politics of translation
Authors: Forbes Meghan
Published: June 2020

Founded in 1920, Devětsil – a Czech group of young leftist artists and poets – set out to create a
distinctly modern avant-garde movement with broad international ties. This was a goal that Devětsil managed to achieve
with remarkable success through a variety of strategies; the scope of its project is perhaps most visible in the case
of its periodicals, which were circulated widely across Europe.

This essay looks at several specific examples of the use of translation and multilingualism, as
well as a “universal” visual language, in the magazines published by the Czech avant-garde in the 1920s, towards a
better understanding how transnational and non-hierarchal modes of network formation were enacted via the periodical
publications of the historical avant-garde.
Photo-translation
Authors: Mersmann Birgit
Published: June 2020

This article introduces the concept of ‘photo-translation’ for studying documentary photography as a collaborative practice of visual translation. The visual-translational approach to photo documentation is applied in a novel way to the emerging field of contemporary migration photography, thus relating recent theoretical connections between translation and migration studies to explorations in visual studies. The study discusses how participatory and collaborative practices are increasingly used in contemporary photo documentation to challenge, if not remove, the relational ‘othering’ effect inherent in the photo-documentary representation of refugees, migrants and displaced peoples. The potential of translaboration as a mode of translational collaboration is explored through an in-depth analysis of two photo projects: (1) the participatory photo project Fotohistorias (Gomez and Vannini 2015), conducted by social and information scientists Ricardo Gomez and Sara Vannini in cooperation with migrants at the US–Mexico border; and (2) the collaborative photo–graphic novel project Lampedusa: Image Stories from the Edge of Europe (Migrant Image Research Group 2017), carried out by the Migrant Image Research Group under the guidance of Armin Linke. Demanding agency in visual translation proves to be essential for these participatory photo projects, since they aim to challenge dominant visual representations of how migration is narrated and represented in the media and academic discourse. For this reason, the investigation draws on new sociological approaches in Translation Studies in order to frame photo-translation as a social practice and as a form of (activist) engagement involving various agents and institutions.
Food provenance: assuring product integrity and identity
Authors: Wallace Carol Anne , Manning Louise
Published: June 2020

Food supply chains are highly complex and involve numerous actors who influence food safety and the integrity of products and processes, both at individual points in the supply chain and more holistically throughout the chain as a whole. Provenance can relate to a particular source or origin of a food and its individual ingredients, and/or relate to claims on how the product is produced and what marketing claims have been attached to the product. The aim of this review is to consider the recent advances in developing transparent data systems to demonstrate food provenance. One technological development is the use of Blockchain, a data handling structure that provides a secure network of information that cannot be changed or destroyed, distributed between supply chain actors. Other developments in information systems that can be used to monitor a range of criteria include geographic information systems (GISs) that can be linked with, for example, stable isotope analysis to provide an indication of provenance for a given product or ingredient. This technology is used as a case study in this paper to demonstrate the opportunities and limitations to such technological approaches. The review reflects on aspects of provenance and the actions that can be taken at organisational and supply chain level to demonstrate transparency so that consumers can have trust in those procuring, processing and supplying food.
Salvinia molesta
D. Mitch. (Salviniaceae): impact and control
Authors: Coetzee Julie A. , Hill Martin P.
Published: June 2020

Salvinia molesta
D.S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae) (giant salvinia), a floating aquatic fern of Brazilian origin, has been dispersed to much of the tropical and subtropical parts of the world since the mid-1900s, where it is invasive and damaging. Herbicide application and mechanical control of this weed are labor intensive and expensive, but biological control using the host-specific weevil,
Cyrtobagous salviniae
(Calder and Sands), provides an effective and sustainable solution. The weevil was first released as a biological control agent onto
S. molesta
in Australia in 1980 and has subsequently been released in further 22 countries affected by the weed. The biological control program against
S. molesta
has been an extraordinary success story where a single weevil species has resulted in the weed no longer being considered invasive in most countries in a relatively short time of under 3 years. Biological control in temperate regions of the world might require more time than in tropical and subtropical regions, and this difference is presumed to be due to greater winter mortality. Nevertheless, inundative releases of the weevil early in the growing season have resulted in more effective control and less dependence on herbicide applications. However, there are new records of infestations of
S. molesta
in particular in Africa, and these sites must be prioritized for biological control.
The Role of Physical Education in Developing Student Characters in the Industrial Revolution 4.0
Authors: Suparwoto
Published: June 2020

The physics paradigm includes symmetry, optimization and unification is a unity of human life. The paradigm contributes to the development of physics education, so it has a role in providing a frame of reference in the development of good character students. Three aspects of physics education that affect human nature include (a) habits and explorative abilities of the surrounding natural environment; (b) communication and mathematical representation in step for problem solving; and (c) habit in developing problem-solving using observation and experiment tools as well as manual or digital information processing. By linking these three aspects through implementation to the learning process in the classroom and based on honesty and goodwill of individuals, students can build products to think towards good character. Rational considerations by physics thinking, always trying to be grateful and patient in every step of life by students, have a role in personal development with noble character.
Physics Student’s Research Skills Performance: A Field-Based Approach in Geoscience Learning
Authors: Hariyono E , Prastowo T , Hartati M
Published: June 2020

This research aims to describe performance of university physics students in the field of geoscience, focusing on assessment of students’ ability in field-practice implementation associated with geoscience learning to solve corresponding problems in the society living nearby the volcano. The present study involved a total of 32 students in the year 3 of their study, performing field work relevant to geoscience themes in Mount Kelud, well known as Tourism Park in East Java province, Indonesia. Based on the assignments distributed over the students during practising research skills, we concluded that students’ performance was overall good, indicating that they were well-trained. However, further improvement of the skills was required for at least two competencies, namely ability to assess critical information from the source and to both analyze and synthesize relatively new knowledge and hence different perpectives obtained on site. Following the research results, we hereby recommended that the field-based approach in geoscience learning is of significance in supporting improved performance and better research skills of university physics students.
Development of the Field Analysis and Laboratory Learning Model to Improve Critical Thinking of Senior High School Students
Authors: Astutik S , Mahardika I K , Supeno  , Indrawati  , Sudarti  , Zakaria A F , Sugianto F
Published: June 2020

The learning model must be innovative in the 21st century. One important component in the 21st century is critical thinking skills. The learning model requires innovation, both learning outside the classroom and in the laboratory. The development of field analysis and laboratory learning models provides two feasible learning models for learning in the field and learning in the laboratory. Meaningful Investigation Laboratory (MIL) learning models and Real Quest Outdoor Learning learning models are solutions for learning models based on field analysts and laboratories that can enhance critical thinking skills. The research method uses the Nieveen research design. The results of the validation of the MIL learning model and the validation of the learning instrument are 92.5% and are categorized valid. There is an increase in critical thinking skills after using the MIL learning model. These post-test results are higher than pretest with N-gain value is 0.76 and categorized as high criteria. The response of students who use the MIL learning model is 84.52% positive responses and categorized very well. The result of REQOL learning from obtained in REQOL learning in the form of validity, effectiveness, and student response criteria. ReQOL learning model is declared valid by experts with a validation value of 88,7%, and effective for practicing critical thinking skills with a high effectiveness category of 0.75, student responses to learning are very good with a value of 85%. So that the MIL and ReQOL learning model can be used as an innovative model that can be used by teachers to practice students’ critical thinking skills
The Geometry Effect of Regular Polygonal Wire on Its Inductance for Antenna Application
Authors: Bustomi M A , Pramono Y H
Published: June 2020

One important parameter of an antenna is its inductance. Inductance is the nature of a conductor which is related to its magnetic characteristics when alternating electric current is flowed. There are several factors that affect the inductance of a conductor wire, such as the size (dimension of the wire), the geometric shape of the wire, the permeability of material around the wire, and others. In this paper, we will discuss the effect of wire geometry on the value of the wire inductance. The wire diameter of regular polygonal wire is very thin. In determining the inductance of regular polygonal wire, some restrictions do for simplification in the calculation. Some of these restrictions are (1) the length of wire or circumferential polygon is fixed, (2) the diameter of the wire is considered very thin, (3) the distribution of the magnetic field is considered homogeneous, (4) the effect of external magnetic fields on the wire ignored. The results of calculations and analysis show that the change in geometry of regular polygonal wire from rectangular wire to decagonal wire causes the wire’s inductance value to increase.
Using Four-Tier Multiple Choice Diagnostic Test to Identify Misconception Profile of 12th Grade Students In Optical Instrument Concepts
Authors: Rohmanasari F , Ermawati FU
Published: June 2020

During physics learning process, quite often students experience a misunderstanding between their initial knowledge on certain concept in physics and that was taught in class by teacher. For example, students’ initial knowledge on Optics was that a white object can emit light so that someone can see the object even though the object is in a dark room. Meanwhile, in Physics concept, an object can only be seen by eyes only when there is light that hits the surface of the object and the light is reflected back by the object in all directions, including reaching to the eyes. This misunderstanding quite often leads to misconceptions. Such misconceptions should be detected as early as possible so as not to disturb student’s understanding on the other concepts. This present study aims to analyse the misconceptions profile of 12th grade students in Senior High School 1 Cerme Gresik East Java in “Optical Instruments ” concepts using the developed four-tier multiple-choice diagnostic test. Identification on the causes of students’ misconceptions, especially that arising from theirselves was also presented. The most frequent misconception found is on the sub concepts of: 1) “Eye and Camera” caused by student’s wrong preconceptions, 2) “Lup” due to associative thinking and 3) “Microscope” due to intuitive thinking. Meanwhile, for the “ Binocular” concept, almost all students have had scientific conception, meaning that they have understood the concept well.
Application of the Thermodynamic System to Analyze the Relationship of the Money Amount Circulating Against Inflation
Authors: Kartono A , Yufida A , Wahyudi S T , Irmansyah
Published: June 2020

Based on an analogy between thermodynamics and economic theories, one of many economic problems can be represented by the ideal gas equation. Scientists have considered modifying the formulae from an ideal gas in thermodynamic principle to be applied to economic problems. An ideal gas is composed of many molecules. This ideal gas with the outside environment limited by the boundary system. Therefore, this gas is only contained in a volume so that this gas will exert pressure on the walls of the system. The gas molecules will vibrate and move about faster so they will increase their rate of exchange of kinetic energy. Since this gas also accumulates internal energy, an increase in temperature will be generated in this process so pressure and volume potentially increasing too. An equation of ideal gas has a similar structure to the equation of an economic system. Many molecules are assumed as monetary carriers or holders of value, equivalent in size to units of currency. The relationship of the system with the outside environment is that the value held by carriers or holders can be exchanged for goods and services at the boundary system at price (as pressure) and volume over a period of time, according to an index (or a degree of a scale) of trading value (as temperature) with which they can do this over that period. The objective of this study was to obtain inflation index value (m), to find out the inflation rate in Indonesia in that year and to analyze the causes and solutions for the better in the following year. The economic analysis of inflation is applied to the ideal gas theory. The parameters needed to be the money supply, the price index, and the speed of the money supply. The calculation and analysis with this ideal gas equation showed that all parameters used were affecting each other. The data from the last ten years showed that there was a significant change in the value of elasticity index value (n) for 4 times. All changes were in different time frames. Based on the ideal gas theory, a good value of n was a value of n that is less than or equal to one.
An Interactive Simulation of the Nucleon-Core Interacting Using the Fourth-Order Runge-Kutta Method for Studying Nuclear Physics
Authors: Kartono A , Ricky  , Wahyudi S T
Published: June 2020

Nuclear physics is one of the theories in the field of physics that aims to study the structure of atomic nuclei, the interactions between the compilers of atomic nuclei, and the underlying forces. This study aims to obtain a model of interaction that occurs between nucleons. The interactions between these nucleons are modeled by a binary center of mass system (two objects) and their potential experience is expressed by the Woods-Saxon potential with certain parameters. The obtained model equations are then solved using the fourth-order Runge Kutta numerical method that programmed in the Matlab programming language. In this study, this model used has been simulated on the interaction of nucleons in Deuteron, Triton, Helium-3 isotope, and Helium works well, but it did not work well in Lithium atom.
Energy Cohesive Calculation for Some Pure Metals Using the Lennard-Jones Potential in Lammps Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Mardiyah R U , Arkundato A , Misto  , Purwandari E
Published: June 2020

It has been determined by molecular dynamics simulation method the parameter potentials (
ε, σ
) of the Lennard-Jones potential based on the cohesive energy value for some pure metals. The LAMMPS molecular dynamics software was used to simulate and calculate the cohesive energy of the metals. To determine the best value of (
ε, σ
) we verified all calculations using the available experimental data of cohesive energy of the metals. The discrepancy of cohesive energy between simulation and experimental data were limited not more than 0.1 % to get best value of the Lennard-Jones parameter potentials (
ε, σ
).
Possible Detection of Magnetic Anomaly During Tsunami Events in Indonesian Regions Using Global Magnetogram Records
Authors: Prastowo T , Madlazim  , Cholifah L
Published: June 2020

Ocean flow generates secondary, weak magnetic signals relative to the main field induced by the Earth spinning motion, where the secondary signals lead to magnetic anomaly. The anomaly were apparently observed as short-lived variation in secondary field components, namely the vertical bz
and horizontal components bH
, respectively, during tsunami occurrence. In this study, maximum amplitudes associated with these components were determined using theoretical approaches and field records on global magnetogram provided by INTERMAGNET and BCMT. The roles played by a depth ratio of h/L where h and L are the ocean depth and characteristic length, respectively, and a speed ratio of c/cs where c and cs are the speed for linear long wave solution and the complex speed involving ocean diffusion, respectively, are here examined using Indonesian case studies of tsunami with respect to trans-Pacific tsunamis as reference. For cases with advection dominance, it was found that frozen-flux theory can be used to estimate bz and bH, consistent with values provided by the global magnetic institutions. In short, whereas bz is a measure of water surface elevation and hence tsunami height offshore, bH is an indicator for tsunami propagation direction. Detection of magnetic anomaly prior to tsunami arrivals at coastal zones is thus possible, making it crucial for tsunami early warning.
The Effects of Anti-UV on Cornhusk-LLDPE Mulching Films
Authors: Kurniati M , Maddu A , Sulyani I
Published: June 2020

The plant’s wastes can be recycled as a source of natural fiber to fabricate biodegradable films. The utilization of natural waste cornhusk for the production of environmentally friendly mulch was studied. The cellulose of cornhusk can be extracted with alkali treatment so that the cellulose produced can be used as a material for mulches. The mulch film can be synthesized with a variation content of cornhusk cellulose at 5,10, and 15 %, Low Linear Density of Polyethylene (LLDPE), variations in anti-UV concentration (1,4, and 6 %) and the addition of additives using the extrusion-calandering method. Variations in the added anti-UV concentration could affect the optical and mechanical properties of the mulch film produced. The mulches film produced has a black color, smooth and elastic surface. The mechanical properties of the film have increased. Significant tensile strength 20.75 MPa, elongation 354 % and modulus of elasticity 0.62 GPa were found in films with the addition of 4 % tinuvin concentration and 15 % cellulose content. The addition of anti-UV resulted in a shift in the peak in the UV range so that no dominant peaks appeared for T1, T4, and T6 mulches. The mulches film T4 at 5 % cellulose content absorbs maximum light at a wavelength of 300-400 nm. SEM analysis showed that the homogeneous mulch film morphology has a lump and is porous.
Investigation of Site Condition Using Elliptical Curve Inversion from Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR)
Authors: Arimuko A , Santoso E , Sunardi B
Published: June 2020

This study aims to investigate site conditions based on the dominant period and elliptical curve inversion of Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR). The data were taken using a seismometer portable short period in the minimum time span of data retrieval for 30 minutes. The Nakamura method as known as Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) is used to obtain the value of the dominant frequency and amplification factor. The dominant frequency is changed to the dominant period which can indicate the type of soil. HVSR processing use Geopsy software with a guide from the SESAME Project. The results of processing show that the dominant frequency and the amplification factor. In Geopsy there are several modules and packages. This processing uses TFA Module and Max2curve Package and Dinver Package. Waveform can be inversed based on the elliptical curve of HVSR model to produce a shear wave velocity model (Vs) uses that modules and packages. From the velocity model, we can know Vs30 to determine the type of soil layer. The shear wave velocity model obtained can show the estimation of sediment thickness in the area under investigation.
Analysis Science Process Skillsof 11th Grade of Senior High School Students
Authors: Atush Sholihah N A , Sarwanto  , Aminah N S
Published: June 2020

Science Process Skills (SPS) is all scientific skills used to acquire, develop, and apply scientific concepts and theories. The mastery of Science Process Skills is not only useful in science learning but also for the daily life students. The purpose of this is to analyze the science process skills in high school students on the concepts of heat and temperature. This research is a descriptive research with subjects as 11th grade students in Madiun. Data in this study were collected from a two-level multiple choice test, and interviews. Two-tier multiple choice test consists of 14 questions that contain indicators of science process skills. The completion tier is two tier, the first tier is multiple choice questions, the second tier is an explanation of the reasons students answers to the first tier question. Students taken as a sample for this study were not really familiar with the types of questions asked during the science process skills test. Thus, their results are still in the high category. The average science process skills for 11th grade students in Madiun with Two-tier instruments is 47.00 %.
Exploration of the Students’ Conceptions Profile on Chapter Gas Kinetic Theory through Four-Tier Diagnostic Test and Interview
Authors: Zahra Y , Suprapto N , Mubarok H , Adam A S
Published: June 2020

This study aimed at exploring the conception profile of grade eleventh on the kinetic theory of gas material through the four-tier diagnostic test and semi-structured interview. The discussion of conception in this study included Understand of the Concept (U), Partial Understanding (PU), Misconceptions (M), Not Understand the Concept (NU), and Un-Code (UC). Conception profiles were obtained after the second trial to 34 students of grade eleventh as a whole, which resulting the profile map of conceptions: The Understand the Concept (U) 22%, Partial Understanding (PU) 29%, Misconceptions (M) 31%, Not Understand the Concept (NU) 18% and Un-Code (UC) 0%. Meanwhile, the interviews process aimed at determining the suitability of students’ answers using the four-tier diagnostic test instrument with student answers.
Analysis of Charging/Discharging Supercapacitor Active Carbon/rGO Based on Natural Materials
Authors: Wardani V , Rohmawati L , Setyarsih W , Alfarisi D , Subhan A
Published: June 2020

Active carbon/rGO based on natural materials as coconut shell has been assembled with a coin cell in shape of prototype supercapacitor. The physical feature of active carbon/rGO electrode were characterized by FTIR, and FESEM. The Electrochemical performance of supercapacitor in 1 M LiPF6 electrolyte solution with density current of 12 mA/g until 163 mA/g were analyzed by galvanostatic charge-discharge test. The result showed that active carbon/rGO had absorption peaks at wave numbers 1592.27 cm−1and 1288.45 cm−1which were functional groups as C = C and C-O. The morphology of activated carbon has been covered by the presence of rGO that determines the agglomeration of rGO around the pore of activated carbon so that it affects the performance of supercapacitors. Supercapacitor has a specific capacitance charging of 20.5 F/g, and discharging of 19 F/g in density current 12 mA/g.