bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Noah’s Gang as an Example of Contemporary Street Hustling in Nadi, Fiji: The Implications for Cross-Cultural Power Relations
Authors: Edmond James Kieran , Ali Tanzil Sheikh
Published: October 2024

Noah’s Gang is or was a group of older Indigenous Fijian ‘street boys’ who interacted with tourists in Nadi Town, Fiji Islands, from around 2013 to the present. This chapter will describe their relations with mostly white tourists in Nadi and how power relations are constructed, changed and subverted via these interactions. The ‘hustler’ lifestyle provides opportunities and challenges, but a set of malleable and consistent values are observed rooted in Indigenous and Christian village culture mixed with reggae culture as imported into Fiji from Jamaica and adjusted to the local setting. People like Noah’s Gang have become unofficial Indigenous public faces, compared to the official public faces presented at tourist resorts. Hence, they provide almost a dark tourism experience for those they interact with, as well as a sense of danger and opportunity. In this chapter, we describe how they helped a white English tourist who had his luggage stolen and their interaction with a Polish woman who inquired about their black magic. If we view sustainability and experiential as going beyond the sanitized corporate experiences provided by the tourist resorts, we might see Noah’s Gang as rising to the occasion and providing us with some answers to these debates.
AI- and XR-Powered Digital Therapeutics (DTx) Innovations
Authors: G. Lee Alex
Published: October 2024

This book chapter explores the transformative advancements in digital health through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and extended reality (XR) technologies. Digital Therapeutics (DTx) represent a significant leap in healthcare by using evidence-based software to treat, manage, and prevent a wide range of diseases and disorders, offering non-invasive, personalized, and scalable solutions. AI-powered DTx enhance the diagnosis and treatment of conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mental health disorders, developmental disorders, and diabetes by leveraging machine learning algorithms and deep learning models to provide real-time, adaptive interventions based on patient data. XR-powered DTx further revolutionize healthcare by creating immersive, interactive environments that enhance patient engagement and therapeutic efficacy for conditions like AD, mental health issues, developmental disorders, neurological rehabilitation, pain management, and behavioral addictions. The convergence of AI and XR in DTx amplifies these benefits, offering personalized, engaging, and intelligent therapeutic solutions that address individual patient needs in real-time. This book chapter underscores the potential of these innovations to revolutionize healthcare delivery.
Perspective Chapter: Respiratory Disorders and Brain Damage in Long COVID
Authors: Stamenova Eleonora , Kostov Kosta , Kalpachki Rosen , Kalpachka Dobrinka , Gulev Emiliyan , Kovachev Teodor
Published: October 2024

In the last few years, we have realized that COVID-19 is a risk factor for new chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, kidney disease, hematologic disorders, neurologic conditions, and cognitive disorders. Long COVID-19 symptoms continue or develop after initial SARS-CoV-2 infection and last 4 weeks or more. Some of our patients who have recovered from COVID-19 may experience varying degrees of functional impairment, radiological sequelae, and persistent symptoms requiring prolonged follow-up. Respiratory disorders are manifested by cough and breathing difficulties along with prolonged brain disorders expressed as cognitive dysfunction. The “brain fog symptom” is a collective term used to describe deficiencies in attention, executive functioning, language performance, processing speed, and memory among SARS-CoV-2 patients. A significant proportion of the morbidity associated with Long COVID is due to the syndrome of cognitive impairment as well as increased anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, fatigue, and sleep deprivation. Our findings indicate that Long COVID is associated with brain abnormalities and emphasize the value of neurological follow-up in recovered individuals.
Heat Transfer Enhancement on Staggered Perforated Circular Pin-Fin Heat Sink: An Experimental Assessment
Authors: Abdulrahman Alpha Ndah , Kuhe Aondoyila
Published: October 2024

This experimental study examines how forced convective flow affects heat transfer properties in a rectangular channel with staggered pin fins featuring different perforation patterns under constant heat flux conditions across Reynolds numbers (Re) ranging from 2.0 × 103 to 12 × 103. The study compares cylindrical pin fins with solid pin fins and those featuring circular longitudinal (L), longitudinal/transverse (LT), and longitudinal/transverse/vertical (LTV) perforations to determine optimal perforation configurations for enhanced heat transfer performance. The experiment uses a Peltier module to generate heat on one side, utilizing the Armfield Free and Forced Convection Heat Transfer Service Units HT 19 and HT10XC. The results showed that perforated pins significantly raise Nusselt number (Nu) over solid pins: 7% for L, 30% for LT, and 64% for LTV perforations. Pressure drops are reduced by 10% for L, 17% for LT, and 25% for LTV perforations relative to solid pins. At lower Reynolds numbers, the overall enhancement ratio peaks, notable for reaching a 40% rise with LTV-perforated pin fins. Additionally, fin effectiveness improves significantly: 14, 34, and 57% higher for L, LT, and LTV perforated pin-fin arrays, respectively. This study showcases potential applications in electronic cooling systems, promising improved heat transfer efficiency.
Perspective Chapter: Recent Advancements in the Use of Olive Products for Biotechnological Processes
Authors: Efthimiou Georgios
Published: October 2024

This chapter discusses the most recent applications of olive-derived materials in biotechnology, agriculture and food technology. Although the high-quality olive oil is usually destined for human consumption, lower oil grades or waste materials from the olive mill can be used to produce a plethora of valuable products, such as biofuel, soil fertilisers, medicines, enzymes, food packaging biopolymers and even building materials and textile dyes. Furthermore, compounds from olive mill wastewater have been found to stimulate plant growth by affecting their metabolism and also have potent antimicrobial properties, helping the biocontrol of hazardous plant pathogens. All these applications of olive products and by-products can help establish a sustainable circular economy through recycling of waste and resources.
Perspective Chapter: Role of Probiotics in the Intestinal Ecosystem and the Immune System
Authors: Novotny Núñez Ivanna , Vélez Eva , Cazorla Silvia I. , Maldonado Galdeano Carolina
Published: October 2024

The microbial colonizers of the intestine, collectively known as microbiota, are an essential and irreplaceable component of the human organism. They provide valuable functions and genetic resources (the microbiome) and play a critical role in various physiological processes, including somatic development, nutrition, and immunity. Maintaining intestinal homeostasis requires a delicate balance between the diverse array of microorganisms within the intestinal microbiota and the host cells, all within an environment constantly influenced by numerous stimuli from both external and internal sources. Disruption of this balance, known as dysbiosis, is characterized by reduced microbial diversity and deviation from the ancestral microbial environment. Dysbiosis is linked to several chronic non-communicable diseases prevalent in developed societies, such as atopic conditions, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory diseases, cancer, and certain behavioral disorders. The increasing focus on the intestinal microbiota and its interaction with the immune system has spurred the development of new strategies to maintain intestinal balance and enhance overall health. Among these approaches, dietary interventions involving probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics hold significant promise for providing substantial health benefits to consumers.
Challenges and Prospects in the Adoption of Mobile Payment Systems in India
Authors: Mehraj Danish , Idrees Ul Islam Muhammad , U. Nissa Viqar , Iqbal Sumaya
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the mobile payment ecosystem in India, focusing on its evolution, current challenges, and prospects. With the rapid advancement of digital technologies and a significant shift in consumer behaviour, mobile payments have become a pivotal component of India’s financial landscape. This study is based on an extensive literature review, encompassing academic journals, industry reports, and government publications, offering a multi-faceted perspective. The paper delves into the critical role of consumer trust and security concerns, emphasising the impact of cybersecurity threats and privacy issues on the adoption of mobile payment technologies. Significant attention is given to the cultural and behavioural aspects influencing the adoption of mobile payments in India, including the deep-rooted preference for cash transactions and varying degrees of digital literacy across different demographics. The study further examines the evolving regulatory landscape, analysing how policy frameworks adapt to technological advancements and consumer protection needs. The paper concludes with strategic recommendations for various stakeholders, including service providers, policymakers, and educators, to overcome current barriers and enhance mobile payment adoption. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing a holistic view of the mobile payment scenario in India and offering insights into its complexities and potential pathways for growth and sustainability in the digital era.
The Acquisition of Error Competence and the Value of (learning from) Errors in Teacher Education from the Perspectives of Teachers in Finland and Germany
Authors: Breternitz Annika , Tulis Maria
Published: October 2024

Teachers' everyday error management in the classroom is one important aspect of their professional competence. This comprises conceptual knowledge about (the learning potential of) misconceptions and student errors, adaptive attitudes and orientations about errors as learning opportunities, and adaptive classroom management in error situations. The purpose of this study was to explore whether teacher education prepares teachers to meet these expectations and where teachers gain these facets of error competence. We analyzed 27 problem-centered interviews with Finnish and German teachers of different subjects and different school forms. Using MAXQDA, the data were coded into six categories, ranging from informal learning experiences to formal learning situations during teacher training. We identified various experiences and attitudes in the teachers' narratives. Our findings indicate that from the teachers' points of view and recollections of experiences, teacher education in both countries provides few intentional learning opportunities for developing professional error competence.
Anti-IL-17/23 Drugs for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa in Patients With Concomitant Psoriasis: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Gargiulo Luigi , Ibba Luciano , Narcisi Alessandra , Giordano Silvia , Maronese Carlo A. , Martora Fabrizio , Repetto Federica , Paolino Giovanni , Balato Anna , Burlando Martina , Dapavo Paolo , Dini Valentina , Guarneri Claudio , Marzano Angelo V. , Megna Matteo , Mercuri Santo R. , Costanzo Antonio , Valenti Mario
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are chronic inflammatory diseases with significant overlap in their immunologic pathways, which involve cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alfa, interleukin (IL)-17, and IL-23. Current treatment options for HS are limited, as only adalimumab and secukinumab are approved for severe cases. Given the overlapping pathogenetic features between HS and psoriasis, anti-IL-17 and anti-IL-23 drugs could represent valuable treatments for the management of HS. Objectives: We sought to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of anti-IL-17 and anti-IL-23 drugs in patients with HS and concomitant moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study in 11 Italian Dermatology Units. The effectiveness of the drugs was evaluated by assessing the percentage of patients achieving HS Clinical Response (HiSCR) each week. Results: We enrolled 41 patients with at least 16 weeks of follow-up, with 17 of them completing 52 weeks of treatment. The most commonly prescribed anti-IL drug was secukinumab (27 patients), followed by ixekizumab (5) and guselkumab (5). The HiSCR was achieved by 39%, 74.3%, and 77.8% of patients after 16, 32, and 52 weeks, respectively. No severe adverse events (AEs) or AEs leading to discontinuation were observed during the study. The most common AE was nasopharyngitis (4 patients). Conclusion: In this real-world study, we highlight the effectiveness of anti-IL-23 and anti-IL-17 drugs in the treatment of concomitant plaque psoriasis and severe HS. Longer and larger studies are needed to further evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of these treatments in patients affected by HS.
Freedom of the Press in an Era of Misinformation
Authors: Smith Tara ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: October 2024

Amidst a flood of dangerous misinformation freely flowing online, we hear rising calls for government regulation of content. Even staunch defenders of free speech increasingly reason that digitization has altered contemporary communications so radically that it warrants changes in our legal treatment of speech. This paper argues that it does not. Such regulation would be wrong in principle and prove counter-productive, in practice. For it fails to address the problem’s root, which is epistemological rather than legal. The paper is in four parts. First, it lays out the “Digital is Different” argument. Next, it responds, through two primary tracks: challenging the Difference Argument’s underlying model of human knowledge acquisition and then analyzing two of the purported game-changers: network effects and the opacity of digital communications, which precipitate calls for transparency. The third part situates my argument against those of John Stuart Mill, the godfather of contemporary defenses of free speech, in order to expose some important differences and thereby sharpen the presentation of my own view. Finally, the paper proposes parallels between press freedom and religious freedom to illuminate the proper posture on government regulation.
The Effect Combined Of Intradialytic Exercise: Static Stretching And Dynamic Streching Lower Limb, Increase Physical Funtion In Chronic Kidney Diseases On Haemodialysis Patients Quasi Experiment
Authors: Dewi Desak Wayan Suarse Dewi
Published: October 2024

Background: Individuals with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) usually engage in minimal physical activity, as renal failure progresses in chronic kidney disease (CKD), muscle mass and physical function decrease. Physical activity (PA) is important in maintaining/improving health in all population. Aim of this study to evaluate effect exercise of combine static stretching and dynamic stretching increasing Physical Function in CKD on HD patients. Methods:  design of this  study was quasi experiment in one group 39 respondents CKD on HD patients meet inclusion criteria. Implementation 12 weeks intradialytic exercise combine static and dynamic stretching lower limbs include leg, ankles, knee, femoral and hip. During exercise evaluate using Borg Skill to know level of fatigue. Comparing with before-after test Time Up and Go 3 meters return measurement. Result: The results of this study demonstrate that the mean values of functional balance, which are much lower in this population than in their healthy counterparts, can be improved by a video-based intradialytic exercise program that includes stretching and endurance activities. In particular, notable advancements were noted in the average TUG test 3 meter return result, which is a reliable indicator of hospitalization, cardiovascular events, and mortality in dialysis patients. Conclusion all participants reported after 12 weeks static and dynamic stretching felt more flexible range of motion knee and leg, walking  stronger than before and felt more conformable in walking reported, significant different before and after given static and dynamic stretching, both Static and dynamic stretching effective for improving functional balance and physical performance, Recommended  static and dynamic stretching to be rutine activity in Hemodialysis unit.
The Role of Service Quality in Improving Customer Satisfaction: A Study in the Hospitality Business of University
Authors: Minrohayati Minrohayati , Riana Kurnia Endah , Sufandi Untung Utan , Hadiwidjaja Rini Dwiyani , Trisnowati Yanuar
Published: October 2024

This research aims to analyze the dimensions of Service Quality, analyze service attributes, and analyze the influence of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at the Hospitality Business. Universitas Terbuka (UT), as a State University with Legal Entity (SU-LE) in Indonesia, operates various business units, including hospitality services such as guesthouses and meeting facilities. This research focuses on analyzing the service quality and customer satisfaction within these hospitality services of UT.  UT aims to improve non-tuition revenue streams through its business operations, making the quality of its hospitality services a crucial aspect of its overall performance. Respondents who completed this study were as many as 379 customers of guesthouses and meeting facilities. The data used in this study is primary data sourced from questionnaires distributed to customers. The research methods used are gap analysis, IPA analysis, and the Structural Equation Model. The variables that influence customer satisfaction are tangible and responsiveness variables, while the variables reliable, assurance and empathy do not influence guest house UT customer satisfaction. This research contributes to the attributes of service quality and customer satisfaction in a state university hospitality business. This study is an exploration of each customer's preferences regarding perceived satisfaction and the level of importance expected for the services provided by hospitality businesses.
Prevalence of Postpartum Depression and Its Sociodemographic and Obstetric Determinants among Mothers Attending a Maternity Hospital in Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kurui Rebecca , Mituki Dorothy , Bor Wesley
Published: October 2024

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant global public health concern affecting 17.7% and 18.7% of mothers globally and in Kenya respectively. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum depression and to explore its sociodemographic and obstetric determinants among mothers attending the postnatal and maternal and child health clinics at Eldoret West Maternity Hospital in Kenya. Unfortunately, postpartum depression and its determinants often go undiagnosed or untreated, leading to inadequate documentation of its impacts. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 257 women aged 18-49 years with infants aged 6-14 weeks postpartum. Participants were randomly selected using a simple random sampling method. Data was collected using a modified version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) translated to Swahili. Descriptive analysis, Chi-squared analysis, and odds ratios were used to assess associations between sociodemographic factors, obstetric variables, and postpartum depression. The study found a prevalence of postpartum depression among participants to be 17.5%, with a higher likelihood of postpartum depression among mothers who were; older (aged 31-49 years) (68.9%), married (77.8%), with higher education levels (80%), lower income (82.2%), and those not formally employed (82.2%). Obstetric factors such as parity of greater than two (53.3%), unplanned pregnancy (53.3%) preference for male infants (62.2%) with having had unresolved issues (p-value < 0.01) in the past month and a parity of greater than two (p-value<0.05) were found to be significantly associated with higher odds of PPD. The prevalence of maternal postpartum depression among mothers 6-14 weeks postpartum at Eldoret West maternity Hospital, Uasin Gishu County was found to be 17.5%. Several sociodemographic and obstetric factors are linked and predispose women to PPD. Based on the conclusions, we recommend early intervention and support for young mothers, prenatal and postnatal complication screening, mental health education, and awareness.
Dietary Practices Among Children Aged 6-59 Months in Majengo Slum, Narok County, Kenya: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Kotonto Asenath , Muga Miriam , Bor Wesley
Published: October 2024

Understanding the dietary practices of children aged 6-59 months is critical globally, regionally, and locally, given its profound impact on child health and development. Breastfeeding and complementary feeding are fundamental for optimal nutrition during early childhood, with persistent challenges observed, especially in urban slum settings. However, there remains a notable gap in understanding these practices within Kenya, particularly in marginalized communities such as Majengo Slum. This descriptive study aimed to examine the dietary practices among children aged 6-59 months in Majengo Slum, Narok County, Kenya, focusing on breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and meal frequency. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, with data collected through semi-structured questionnaires, food frequency questionnaires, 24-hour dietary recalls, and anthropometric measurements. A sample size of 341 caregiver-child pairs was determined using the Fischer formula, with systematic random sampling conducted in villages within Majengo Slums. Socio-demographic characteristics revealed a predominance of female caregivers, with a significant proportion having completed primary education and engaged in small to medium businesses. Notably, 71% of children were born at health facilities. Analysis of nutrient intake indicated disparities between observed and recommended levels, with deficiencies in energy, protein, and vitamins, and excesses in certain nutrients. Specifically, only 26% met the recommended energy intake of 1600 kcal, with 11% meeting the protein requirement of 71 g. Dietary diversity assessment revealed that 76.86% of children achieved Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD), while only 20% regularly consumed fruits and vegetables. Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF) was influenced by caregivers' education and employment status, with children in formally employed households achieving a frequency of 40% compared to a likelihood of 50% less in households with illiterate mothers/caregivers. Targeted interventions focusing on improving dietary diversity, promoting breastfeeding and complementary feeding, and enhancing meal frequency are essential for improving child nutrition and health outcomes in marginalized communities.
PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) AKIBAT PEMBERIAN KOMPOS AMPAS KELAPA DI MEDIA PODSOLIK MERAH KUNING
Authors: Kurniawan Tardi , Rosmalinda Rosmalinda , Kristina Maharani Vika
Published: October 2024

Kakao merupakan jenis pohon yang berasal dari Amerika Selatan dan sekarang banyak dibudidayakan di negara lain, termasuk di Indonesia. Pada daerah tertentu di Indonesia, lahan berkualitas sudah mulai berkurang. Alternatif yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah penggunaan tanah Podsolik Merah Kuning (PMK) untuk menanam bibit kakao. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanah dan menambah kandungan bahan organik pada tanah PMK adalah dengan penambahan kompos ampas kelapa sebagai alternatif pengganti pupuk anorganik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kompos ampas kelapa terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao dan berapa dosis kompos ampas kelapa terbaik yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan bibit kakao pada media PMK. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan. Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 3 sampel sehingga diperoleh 75 sampel tanaman. Adapun perlakuannya: B0: tanpa kompos ampas kelapa (0 g/polybag), B1: kompos ampas kelapa dosis 200 g/polybag, B2: kompos ampas kelapa 250 g/polybag, B3: kompos ampas kelapa 300 g/polybag, B4: kompos ampas kelapa 350 g/polybag. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Of Variance (ANOVA) sidik ragam dan di uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Berdasarkan analisis ragam pemberian kompos ampas kelapa berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi bibit (20,60 cm), berat kering tajuk (1,61 g), dan berat kering akar (0,41 g) yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit kakao. Perlakuan terbaik yaitu pemberian kompos ampas kelapa dosis 350 (g/polybag).
PENGARUH PENGAPLIKASIAN PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) DI MEDIA TANAH ULTISOL
Authors: Juliyanti Juliyanti , Setiawan Beny , Kurniawan Tardi , Fitry Ramanda Rika
Published: October 2024

Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan dalam sektor perkebunan Indonesia. Untuk mendorong pertumbuhan tanaman dan meningkatkan kualitas tanaman kopi diaplikasikan Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB) yang merupakan bakteri autotrof yang dapat berfotosintesis. Pemberian PSB pada tanah dapat membantu meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman, senyawa aktif fisiologis dan polisakarida. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan konsentrasi terbaik dari  Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) di tanah Ultisol. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial, yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan sehingga terdapat 25 unit percobaan, dimana setiap unit percobaan terdiri dari 3 sampel benih sehingga jumlah keseluruhannya 75 sampel benih. Adapun perlakuannya yaitu P0: media tanah tanpa pemberian PSB, P1: Konsentrasi 25 ml/ L P2: Konsentrasi 50 ml/L, P3: Konsentrasi 75 ml/L, P4: Konsentrasi 100 ml/L. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik dengan Analysis of Variances (ANOVA). Apabila berpengaruh nyata, maka akan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB) berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) di media tanah ultisol terhadap parameter pH tanah, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, panjang akar, dan bobot kering tanaman. Konsentrasi terbaik pemberian Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) usia 12 MST pada perlakuan P2 yaitu konsentrasi 50 ml/L dengan pH tanah 6,02, tinggi tanaman 12,88 cm, diameter batang 1,41 mm, jumlah daun 6 helai, panjang akar 12,07 cm dan bobot kering 0,35 g.
Plastics: Time for a Rethink? Part 1
Authors: Armstrong Nick , Kahatab Ahmed , Da Hon Michaela , Croke Eamon
Published: October 2024

##Purpose:

To review recent literature on plastics in the environment and summarise the dangers of plastic both in the environment and their potential health effects on humans.

An online search for articles in the scientific literature on the environmental and health effects of plastics, microplastics and nanoplastic particles.

The review showed that the production of plastics is increasing worldwide and has spread throughout the environment. Evidence of damage to the environment from all types of waste is increasing, including distressing evidence of sea animals swallowing plastic bags and starving or getting trapped in plastic. 81 out of 123 marine mammal species are known to have eaten plastic or been trapped by it. Microplastics could be undermining the food chain in the oceans by reducing the growth rate of Zooplankton.

There is increasing evidence of potentially dangerous health effects from the ingestion and inhalation of plastics by humans. Approximately, 4,200 chemicals are used in plastics, some of which are toxic. Some chemicals used in plastic manufacture are hormone disruptors.

##Conclusion:

The use of plastics and their waste is producing dangerous environmental and health effects worldwide. The use of plastics in dentistry needs to be considered with the view of reducing the amount used and the disposal of waste.
Hubungan antara Anonimitas dengan Cyber Incivility pada Pengguna Media Sosial Usia Dewasa
Authors: Kahiriyah Salmaa
Published: October 2024

The development of information and communication technology through the internet has facilitated the communication process on various platforms. This convenience gives individuals the freedom to express their opinions. Individuals will express their opinions without having to issue negative sentences such as sarcasm, innuendo, and others. This is what is called cyber incivility. The freedom to express opinions on social media is increasingly prevalent because of anonymity. Anonymity is a condition where other people do not know the true identity of the individual. The purpose of this study was conducted to see the relationship between cyber incivility and anonymity. The subjects in this study amounted to 301 respondents obtained from the cluster random sampling method. Based on the results of the product moment test using SPSS, a significance value of 0.000> 0.05 was obtained, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between anonymity and cyber incivility. Based on the results of the independent sample t-test, a significance value of 0.198 > 0.05 is obtained, it can be concluded that there is no difference in cyber incivility based on working and not working.
Kontribusi Social Support terhadap Problematic Internet Use pada Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Padang
Authors: Rendra Rashad Yazid , Mardianto Mardianto
Published: October 2024

The development of information and communication technology, particularly the internet, has significantly benefited Indonesian society, with internet users reaching 95% by 2024. Although the internet facilitates communication and access to information, excessive use can lead to mental health issues, especially among students, with 15% experiencing problematic internet use. Students often rely on the internet for social interaction and emotional management, which can increase the risk of addiction. This study aims to investigate the contribution of social support to problematic internet use among students at Universitas Negeri Padang. The research adopts a quantitative approach with statistical analysis. The population measured in this study consists of students at Universitas Negeri Padang. The sample was taken using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique, appropriate for populations with non-homogeneous and stratified members. A total of 395 students participated in the study. The instruments used were the GPIUS2 scale and the MSPSS scale, developed using the Likert model. The data obtained were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results show a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.220, indicating that the social support variable contributes 22% to the problematic internet use variable.
Dimorphandra gardneriana Tul. (Fabaceae): Medicinal and Industrial Potential of a Brazilian Plant with Pharmacological and Bioactive Properties
Authors: Caboclo Moreira Fábio , da Costa Silva José Thyálisson , dos Santos Marcos Aurélio Figueirêdo , de Matos Yedda Maria Lobo Soares , de Souza Dieferson Leandro , da Anunciação José Aglailson Oliveira , Ferreira Gonçalo Maria Aparecida Barbosa , Nascimento Lariza Leisla Leandro , dos Santos Leandro Cicero , Oliveira Eveline Naiara Nuvens , Generino Maria Elizete Machado , de Morais Luis Pereira , Pereira Vinicius Santos , Filho Ademar Maia , de Sousa Freitas Damiana Gonçalves , de Souza Bezerr Janaína , Mota Magaly Lima , de Deus Mateus Santana , do Socorro Costa Maria , Almeida-Bezerra José Weverton
Published: October 2024

The traditional use of medicinal plants, particularly in the Middle East and Asia, highlights the historical and contemporary importance of these herbs in the treatment of various diseases and infections. Among these plants, the Fabaceae family stands out for its incredible diversity and significant therapeutic potential, including the genus Dimorphandra, which has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in several studies. Known as fava d'anta, Dimorphandra gardneriana is a plant native to Brazil with significant pharmacological properties, due to the presence of rutin, a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aims to consolidate data on Dimorphandra gardneriana, reviewing its chemical constituents, biological activities, and pharmacological properties to provide a comprehensive overview of its medicinal potential. The review was conducted based on published material and new data collected through databases such as MEDLINE, PUBMED, and SCOPUS. The process included defining the topic, inclusion/exclusion criteria, extraction and classification of studies, evaluation, and interpretation of the results. The analysis revealed that Dimorphandra gardneriana contains several bioactive compounds, such as rutin, galactomannans, and quercetin. These compounds have demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Combined with their use in advanced controlled release technologies and the application of silver nanoparticles, these properties highlight their value not only in natural medicine but also in industry. These promising characteristics indicate potential future biological activities in various fields of scientific and technological research, with the potential to significantly contribute to the development of new treatments and innovative products in diverse areas of well-being and other sectors, in addition to presenting significant financial value.
Bezoar in Pediatrics: Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Cindy Modroff , Blanco Ortega , V Mariela , Lucila Pulice , Berger Matias , Miryam Marchisella
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Bezoars are accumulations of indigestible material within the gastrointestinal tract, which, although rare, can lead to significant intestinal obstruction, especially in pediatric patients. This condition often necessitates not only surgical intervention to remove the obstruction but also a multidisciplinary approach to address underlying psychological issues due to the high recurrence risk associated with compulsive disorders. This study presents a series of cases involving children under 14 years old who experienced intestinal obstruction from bezoars and were treated at a tertiary care public hospital, complemented by a literature review to enhance understanding of this condition. Case Series: This descriptive case series study reviews three pediatric patients who underwent surgical treatment for intestinal obstruction caused by bezoars over the past two years. Results: The study identified three patients, all under 14 years of age, who required surgical intervention for bezoar-related intestinal obstruction. Among them, two were male and one was female. Two patients had trichobezoars (66.7%), located one in the stomach and one in the jejunum, while the remaining patient had a phytobezoar (33.3%) in the jejunum. Surgical treatment involved conventional laparotomy with exploration and two-layer enterorrhaphy in all cases. Discussion: Bezoars are categorized into four types: phytobezoars (plant material), pharmacobezoars (medications), lactobezoars (milk products), and trichobezoars (hair). Trichobezoars are most common in the studied cases, contrasting with existing literature that suggests a higher frequency of other types. Bezoars typically present with gastric symptoms but may also cause small intestine obstruction in about 10% of cases. The management of bezoars usually requires endoscopic or surgical removal, with psychological follow-up recommended due to high recurrence rates. The study emphasizes the importance of thorough surgical exploration for concurrent bezoars and integrating psychological care into treatment plans. Conclusion: Bezoars, although rare, are a serious concern in the pediatric population due to their potential to cause significant gastrointestinal obstruction. Effective management requires not only the surgical removal of the bezoar but also consideration of psychological factors to prevent recurrence. This case series highlights the need for a comprehensive approach, including psychological support and detailed surgical exploration, to optimize patient outcomes.
Selection of Optimum Enhancement Technique for the Discrimination of Alkali Granites and Syenites around Suryamalai Batholith of Central Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Alagan Muthamilselvan
Published: October 2024

Image processing techniques such as Band Ratio, Principal Component Analysis, Supervised, Unsupervised classification and Reclassification techniques are generally used as an enhancement technique for alteration zone demarcation and lithological discrimination in geosciences environment. In the present study, Landsat OLI satellite imagery has been utilized to produce various combinations of image enhancement to discriminate alkali syenite and alkali granite of Proterozoic age. These techniques were also used to differentiate three phases of granites reported in Suryamalai Batholith which is very difficult to map by conventional method due to its rugged topographic nature.  12 types of enhancement techniques were applied to differentiate rock alkali syenite from granite, however only few methods such as Kaufmanns ratio, ratio of 5/7, 3/1 and 3/5 and supervised classification were found to be suitable for the discrimination of those rocky types. Band ratio 5/7, 3/1 and 3/5, Crosta analysis and thermal reclassification techniques significantly brought to light the difference between the metamorphic rocks such as fissile hornblende biotite gneiss and hornblende biotite gneiss of Archaean age. Similarly, phase I and phase III granites were perfectly discriminated from all the image enhancement techniques. It is differentiated mainly based on its grain size and mineral variation between these two rock types. Study revealed that standard digital image processing technique can be effectively used for lithological mapping.
Identification of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Hotspots of Gujarat state using Sentinel 5P-TROPOMI
Authors: Turakhia Tejas , Bukhari Ruwaydahzehra , Chovatiya Anand , Kureshi Aliya , Singh Prabhav , Vyas Jay , Iyer Rajesh , Shah Tejas , Shah Deepali , Pandya Mehul
Published: October 2024

Sulphur dioxide (SO2) is a widely recognized pollutant with far-reaching consequences for human health, climate, and the environment. This study aims to identify SO2 hotspots within the state of Gujarat located in the western part of India using the Sentinel 5P TROPOMI satellite data. Based on the analysis of the satellite data from January 2019 to 2023, 16 hotspot regions were identified in Gujarat with significantly high concentration of SO2. Majority of these hotspots were located in industrial areas and petroleum refineries, including Mundra port, Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Surat, and the Alang shipbreaking yard. Notably, some scattered hotspots were found near Eco-sensitive zones like Purna and Narayan Sarovar. The observed SO2 concentrations in these hotspots vary between ~ 10 to ~ 1000 µmol/m2, with an average concentration of ~ 300 µmol/m2. It is also observed that SO2 concentration is significantly elevated during winter and pre-summer months, with a marked reduction during the monsoon season. The average monthly SO2 concentrations exhibit a distinct seasonal cycle, with the lowest levels during the monsoon and the highest during winter. Furthermore, impact of COVID induced lockdown is also perceived across the state.
Leadership with integrity : higher education from vocation to funding
Authors: Kobia Samuel
Published: October 2024

"This is a person with Integrity.” It summarizes the values and virtues such as honesty, credibility, justice and respect. Persons with integrity are needed on all levels, from parents to heads of states, from students to Vice-chancellors, from cleaning to accounting, from student elections to national elections. The book encourages in three parts for integrity in leadership, vocation in the professional life and integrity in elections. The book is the fruit of the partnership between Globethics.net and the Ecumenical St. Paul’s University SPU in Kenya, ranked by UniRank as the best private university in Kenya. Most of the authors are from SPU.
Principals Quality Management Strategies in Administration of Secondary Schools in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Itu Madu , Ogili Nelson Dumex
Published: October 2024

The study investigated the quality management practices of secondary school administrators in Bayelsa State. A total of 485 principals from Bayelsa State's public secondary schools made up the study's population, and it used an ex-post facto research approach. Because 485 public secondary school principals made up a reasonable portion of the total population, researchers were able to conduct their experiment using the cluster sampling approach. Researchers collected the data using a 32-item structured questionnaire. "Principal Management Strategies for Quality Secondary Education Questionnaire" was the name of the structured questionnaire. A four-point scale was used to develop the instrument: SA = 4, agree = 3, disagree = 2, and SD = 1. The reliability analysis generated a coefficient of 0.731 after the instrument's confirmation. We used the mean score to look at the survey results. Bayelsa State's principals used strategies for quality management in secondary schools, including planning, organizing, staffing, and coordinating. The research concluded that the government should select capable principals who can work closely with educators to accomplish school goals and implement quality management practices.
Body image satisfaction and self-esteem in Albanian adolescents
Authors: CACAJ Odeta , TOSKA Ambra
Published: October 2024

Body image satisfaction and self-esteem are important components of an individual’s well-being. The aim of our research is to study the relationship between body image satisfaction and self-esteem in adolescents, an age group that is particularly sensitive to physical changes. In this study, a quantitative approach was used to analyze the relationship between body image satisfaction and self-esteem. A total of 111 Albanian teenagers (35 boys and 76 girls) were selected, who completed a questionnaire on body image satisfaction, self-esteem, and anthropometric data, such as height and BMI. Statistical analysis was used to assess the relationship between these variables, including the use of correlation to determine the relationships between them. Among the 111 teenagers surveyed, our study revealed a positive relationship between body image satisfaction and self-esteem — as body image satisfaction increased, so did self-esteem. Out of the 35 boys and 76 girls questioned, boys showed higher self-esteem, with an average of 32.09%, compared to girls. A positive correlation between height and self-esteem was found (p ≤ .05); adolescents with greater height reported higher self-esteem. Regarding BMI, the study found a negative relationship between body image satisfaction and BMI, with higher BMI decreasing body image satisfaction. This study suggests further research, including an analysis of factors that may influence the relationship between body image satisfaction and self-esteem in Albanian adolescents. Keywords: body image satisfaction, self-esteem, adolescence, BMI.
Advanced Technologies as a Solution for Transportation Challenges in Developing Megacities: The Positive Case of China
Authors: Gulyamov Said
Published: October 2024

Rapid urbanization in developing megacities like Beijing has led to pressing transportation challenges, including severe traffic congestion, increased emissions, and poor road safety. This paper examines how advanced software systems, new technologies, and innovative engineering solutions adopted in Beijing can serve as models for sustainable transportation improvements in other emerging megacities. Intelligent transportation systems, advanced traffic control platforms, autonomous vehicle networks, smart mobility apps, big data analytics, and cloud computing have positively impacted congestion, emissions, and safety in Beijing. Developing cities must adopt and localize such software-driven tech innovations within collaborative frameworks to make measurable progress on intricate transportation issues.
Pengaruh Language Games Terhadap Kemampuan Berbicara Bahasa Inggris Mahasiswa Administrasi Bisnis Internasional Politeknik Kampar
Authors: Dzulhijjah Yetti  , Rahmad Akbar  , Merlia Rahmayani  , Andri Nofiar. Am  , Antoni Pribadi
Published: October 2024

In the process of language learning, particularly English, there are various methods and strategies that can be applied. One interesting approach is through language games. This study aims to examine the impact of using language games on students' English-speaking skills. The subjects of the study involved 19 students from classes 1 to 4 of the International Business Administration Program at Kampar Polytechnic. The results revealed that the use of language games significantly improved students' speaking abilities, including pronunciation, fluency, and sentence accuracy. Additionally, student participation, discipline, and responsiveness also showed improvement. Based on the questionnaire results, all students agreed that language games were not only enjoyable but also highly motivating, encouraging them to engage more actively in class activities.
Learning English is benefit to the students easily to get job after end of their study from University in Timor-Leste and foreign countries
Authors: Silva João da , Aurea Elisabete A.F Amaral  , Virgina Martins
Published: October 2024

This article is describing the result of Learning English has it benefit to the finalist students easily to get job after end of their study from University in Timor-Leste and foreign countries. The purpose of this writing to know and identify the result of the University students after they end of their academic study at the University in Timor-Leste and international organization companies in the foreign countries. The method of this research is qualitative and quantitative or mixed method approach to describe, count the result of the students’ capacity in enhancing the English language skills in the classroom. The characteristics of the students are measured with the evaluation and assessment test to identify highest capacity, medium, low, and lowest level of the skills. Some students are identified as: (i) talk too much, ask questions and has low capacity (ii) the students who has own behavior in stay calm and not talk much shows he or she is a good capacity (iii). The students who do not talk much he or she has normal capacity; (iv) the students who has own characteristic speak in high levels and good skills and knowledge present. This means that every personality of the students are not the same in getting the study activity in teaching and learning processes. The teachers as an educator must mostly use the digital library for affecting and influencing the students during they run their job as teaching staff in the classroom. This aim to help and support the students in getting the foreign language easily and reduce the manual teaching including grammar translation methods is more effective in teaching a foreign language.