bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of levels of depression, anxiety, stress and coping strategies among inmates in a selected prison/ correctional home of West Bengal
Authors: Adhikari Uma Rani , Das Sharmistha Chakraborty
Published: November 2024

Background: Stress, anxiety and depression are common among inmates. They carry a much greater burden of illness than other members of the society. Therefore, present study was conducted with the aim of studying the level of depression, anxiety, stress and coping strategies among inmates in a selected prison.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 inmates from district jail, Hooghly in West Bengal, India over the period of 7 months. Data was collected by interview method using DASS-21 scale and coping strategies scale by A. K. Srivastava. Administrative permission, ethics committee clearance and informed consent was taken before data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 version, descriptive and inferential statistics was used for analysis.
Results: The study results revealed that 87.5% had mild to moderate levels of depression, 100% inmates had moderate to extremely severe levels of anxiety and 39% had moderate to extremely severe levels of stress. No one used high approach coping 76% inmates used low approach coping and 62% used moderate avoidance coping.
Conclusions: Hence the study outcome provided essential information to those who help the inmates, especially the counselors in formulating and planning intervention programs to resolve the issues of underserved population.
Burden and clustering of anaemia among children aged 6-59 months in Uttar Pradesh, India: a district-level spatial analysis
Authors: Sharma Madhurima , Goswami Indrajit
Published: November 2024

Background: In the previous decade, India held the position of being the foremost contributor to childhood anemia among developing nations. In India, 89 million children aged 6-59 months suffer from anaemia. The study attempts to examine the spatial prevalence and detect the clustering of anaemia in Uttar Pradesh and also tries to identify the determinants of anaemia among children aged 6-59 months.
Methods: The study utilized secondary data from the national family health survey-5 conducted in 2019-2021. It employed spatial analysis software, including ArcGIS 10.8 and GeoDa 1.22, incorporating Moran's index. The assessment of factors predicting the prevalence of anemia among children involved the application of a logistic regression model using STATA-17, considering socio-economic, demographic, maternal, and child characteristics.
Results: The anaemia prevalence is highest in Kanshiram Nagar and lowest in Allahabad districts. A total of 38 districts of Uttar Pradesh have more than national level average (67.1%-NFHS-5) of anaemia. Results also shows that 66.7% and 65.3% children 6-59 months age group were anaemic in urban and rural areas respectively. Around 70.7 % of children belonging to poorest wealth status and 69.4% of children who lived in rural areas were anaemic. Increase of mothers age, education, receipt of full ANC and richer wealth status reduce the risk of childhood anaemia.
Conclusions: The correlation between anemia in preschool-aged children and various socioeconomic factors was significant. The research proposes directing efforts towards districts in Uttar Pradesh identified as hot-spots with a higher prevalence of anemia.
Socio-clinical profile of burn patients in Odisha: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jena Harapriya , Sahoo Priyanka , Nayak Bhibudatta , Sahu Ranjit Kumar
Published: November 2024

Background: Burn injuries remain a major global health issue that can be prevented, with countries like India seeing a concerning increase in cases. The objective of this research was to examine the sociolect-demographic traits and trends of burn injuries in patients who were hospitalized at a tertiary care facility.
Methods: During a three-month timeframe, a hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted using semi-structured questionnaires, after obtaining consent from patients or their caregivers. Clinical evaluations were also carried out to ascertain the proportion of total body surface area (TBSA) impacted and the body part most severely affected. Data on sociolect-demographic features, burn cause, severity and type, time to seek medical care, and results were also collected.
Results: Of the 84 burn victims, the majority were women between the ages of 20 to 40, following the Hindu faith, residing in rural regions (66.6%). The majority of burns (97.61%) resulted from heat, were unintentional, and took place in kitchens (62.3%). Men were more susceptible to electrical burns, whereas women were more prone to flame burns. Following receiving thorough treatment, 51.1% of burn patients were released from care, whereas 17.8% of them died.
Conclusions: This research highlights the susceptibility of women to fire burns, often resulting from incorrect cooking methods. Preventing burn incidents in homes can be achieved through safety precautions and increased knowledge especially in rural regions. In the tertiary care setting, starting treatment early, and adhering to established protocols can all aid in decreasing mortality rates. The experienced burns specialist should assess the advantages and risks of integrating AI into clinical practice before deciding to do so.
Oral cavity: a horbor for metastasis
Authors: Srinivas Naveen , Kotturu Mohammed Fazil , Ramdurg Praveenkumar , Rudrakshi Anusha B.
Published: November 2024

The early recognition and appropriate diagnosis of lesions or growths which do not appear to have probable aetiology is of utmost importance. In such cases metastatic lesion or secondary tumours should be considered in differential diagnosis. Metastasis from distinct organs, outside the head and neck region, accounts for about 1% of all malignancies of the oral cavity. A comprehensive approach to history-taking, clinical examination, and diagnostic evaluation is necessary when suspecting metastatic disease in the oral cavity. The most common primary sites are lung carcinoma in males and breast carcinoma in females, followed by renal cell carcinoma. It presents with clear cells and exhibit a tendency for hematogenous distant metastasis to various sites including the oral mucosal tissue. Renal cell carcinoma metastasis to the oral cavity is relatively rare, but it highlights the significance of thorough examination and consideration of metastatic disease in patients presenting with oral lesions, particularly those with a history of cancer. Here, we present a case of metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to oral cavity of a 65-year-old Male patient, which represented the first sign of disease.
Impact of vaccination programs on the incidence of meningococcal infections
Authors: Baoum Shada Omar , Alomar Yazeed Abdullah , Nedhal Hussein Mohammed , Alqadeeb Abdulmohsen Saad , Alzaid Walid Saad , Aldossari Abdulmohsin Saria , Alomar Muhannad Abdullah , Alalwan Faisal Ameer , Alalwan Yara Ameer
Published: November 2024

Meningococcal infections, caused by Neisseria meningitidis, are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among young children, adolescents, and immunocompromised individuals. Vaccination programs have been instrumental in reducing the incidence of meningococcal disease by targeting the most common serogroups responsible for infections, including A, B, C, W, and Y. The introduction of conjugate and quadrivalent vaccines has resulted in significant declines in infection rates across various regions, demonstrating both direct protection for vaccinated individuals and the establishment of herd immunity, which benefits the entire population by reducing transmission. In mass gatherings, such as the annual Hajj pilgrimage, the risk of meningococcal disease outbreaks is high due to the large influx of people from diverse geographical locations. Mandatory vaccination policies have been implemented to prevent such outbreaks, particularly with quadrivalent vaccines that target the most prevalent serogroups. This has proven highly effective in preventing the spread of meningococcal disease both during and after these events. However, challenges remain in achieving global vaccination coverage, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where healthcare infrastructure and vaccine affordability can be limiting factors. Additionally, vaccine hesitancy driven by cultural and social factors continues to impede vaccination efforts in some regions. Addressing these challenges through enhanced public health campaigns, financial support for vaccination programs, and targeted strategies such as school-based vaccination initiatives is critical to increasing coverage. As meningococcal vaccination programs continue to evolve, ongoing surveillance, public education, and global collaboration will be necessary to sustain progress in controlling this potentially devastating disease. The impact of vaccination extends beyond individual protection, offering community-wide benefits and significantly reducing the global burden of meningococcal infections.
Prevalence and awareness of anaemia among medical students
Authors: Anjum Shabina , Dabi Maydaa M. , Aldahlawi Nouf A. , Dabi Manar M.
Published: November 2024

The prevalence of anemia, which is the most common cause for anemia, is 52% in women aged 15 to 49 years, as per WHO statistics. Health consequences of anemia include reduced immunity, increased morbidity, and impaired cognitive performance. The main objective of this article is to give insight on the significant impact of anemia on the individual's health and the whole country and the importance of raising awareness about anemia. A number of studies were viewed during this semester, which were about anemia which is a medical problem in which the number of RBCs or HB concentrations is below the normal value, some of studies were about the prevalence and risk factor of anemia, the other dealt with its complications and what is the treatment for it, and some talked about the classification of anemia and how to diagnose it. Anemia is a worldwide medical condition that affects individuals and even countries. Medical students are of increased risk of mild anemia, but anemia is slightly higher in females. Despite anemia in medical students is mild, it is still worrying because it may be due to bad habits in eating or resources of food present at hostels. As a result, efforts should be made to prevent anemia, especially in medical students.
Client-centered management of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: an occupational therapy approach
Authors: Sahu Chinmayee , Suar Durga Sankar , Padhan Srikanta
Published: November 2024

Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, is a musculoskeletal condition characterized by pain and a significant reduction in shoulder mobility, often leading to substantial impairment in daily activities and occupational performance. Although it is considered self-limiting, the condition can persist for months or even years, necessitating medical and rehabilitative interventions. This comprehensive review focuses on the role of occupational therapy in managing adhesive capsulitis, with an emphasis on client-centered approaches. Utilizing a systematic search of databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane, the review includes high-quality evidence from randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews, while excluding case reports and cohort studies. Key interventions highlighted include therapeutic modalities, ergonomic modifications, assistive devices, and comprehensive patient education, all of which contribute to reducing pain, improving functional independence, and enhancing overall quality of life. This evidence provides occupational therapy practitioners with a robust framework for tailoring interventions to meet clients' specific needs, optimizing therapeutic outcomes, and supporting functional recovery.
Tracing deficiency to disorders: vitamin B12 and the neurological manifestations of infantile seizures and west syndrome
Authors: Avunoori Pranitha , Fatima Sadiya , Vidhusha P. , Fatima Neha
Published: November 2024

A silent maestro conducts the developing brain's symphony – Vitamin B12. When this vital nutrient goes missing, the music can convulse, leading to infantile seizures. This review delves into the fascinating link between B12 deficiency and the enigmatic West syndrome, a specific seizure disorder in infants. We dissect the intricate mechanisms by which B12 deficiency disrupts these vital pathways, potentially orchestrating this devastating neurological manifestation. One crucial impact area is myelination, the process of insulating nerve fibers with a fatty sheath for efficient signal transmission. Without sufficient B12, this insulation falters, disrupting communication between neurons. This disruption may manifest in the characteristic seizures observed in West syndrome. Furthermore, B12 is essential for producing neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers that shuttle information between brain cells. A deficiency can leads to imbalances in these messengers, potentially triggering abnormal electrical activity and causing seizures. By meticulously analyzing the reported association between B12 deficiency and the well-defined clinical presentation of West syndrome, this article underscores the crucial role of considering this vitamin deficiency in the complex detective work of diagnosing infantile seizures. Early identification and intervention, administered with the precision of a perfectly timed crescendo, can be the key to restoring the harmonious melody of a healthy brain, ensuring proper development and a brighter future for these vulnerable infants.
Histiocitosis de Langerhans. Experiencia en edad Pediátrica de 7 años en un hospital de concentración en México
Authors: García Galicia Arturo , Gracián Castro Esmeralda , Pérez Dorantes María Guadalupe , Terán Cerqueda Vanessa , Montiel Jarquín Álvaro José , Bertado Ramírez Nancy Rosalía
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN: La histiocitosis de células de Langerhans (HCL) es una enfermedad rara que afecta múltiples órganos y/o sistemas. No se encuentran descripciones de la experiencia en los hospitales mexicanos de concentración.
OBJETIVO: Describir las características clínicas y respuesta al tratamiento de pacientes con HCL en un hospital de concentración en Puebla, México.
MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y longitudinal en un hospital de 3er nivel de atención médica durante 2014 a 2021. Se revisaron expedientes de pacientes en edad pediátrica con diagnóstico histopatológico de HCL. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva. 
RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron expedientes de 13 pacientes, 61.5% mujeres, edad media de 41.23 meses (DE 48.29), y 12(92.3%) con enfermedad multisistémica. Del total, 8(61.5%) requirieron tratamiento de segunda línea o más. Se observaron 2(14.2%) defunciones por progresión de la enfermedad y 1(7.14%) por complicaciones del trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas.
CONCLUSIONES: Se registraron 13 casos de HCL en niños en 7 años, es una enfermedad de mayor frecuencia en niños. La edad media de presentación fue 41.23 meses; predomina en género femenino. La mortalidad global fue de 23% con seguimiento medio de 34.15 meses. La enfermedad multisistémica de alto riesgo fue la más frecuente con 61.5%, mortalidad de 37.5% y seguimiento medio de 32 meses.
Shakespeare, Empire, and the Trinidad Calypso
Authors: Rampaul Giselle
Published: December 2024

Carnival and calypso are such defining aspects of Trinidadian identity that an examination of the presence of British historical, cultural, and literary influence on the music reveals much about not only the reception and the treatment of Shakespeare in the Caribbean, but also the ways in which Trinidadians saw themselves in the imperial project and in the struggle for independence. This paper traces the development of calypsos from Trinidadian French Creole (Patois) to English, showing the ways in which English language and literature (and specifically Shakespeare) became synonymous with prestige and learning, even as they provided material for social protest and satire. The paper also provides a critical survey of how calypsonians adopted, adapted and appropriated Shakespeare in their songs, especially in the period before Trinidad and Tobago became a Republic in 1976; thereafter, themes became less centered on British history and the literary canon.
Review of Out of Sequence: The Sonnets Remixed, edited by D. Gilson Authors
Authors: Dunlap Will
Published: December 2024

Gilson, D., ed. Out of Sequence: The Sonnets Remixed. Anderson, SC: Parlor Press, 2015.
Techno-economic and environmental assessment of a sugarcane biorefinery: direct and indirect production pathways of biobased adipic acid
Authors: Sikazwe Manasseh K. , Louw Jeanne , Görgens Johann F.
Published: November 2024

Adipic acid (ADA) is a highly valuable industrial dicarboxylic acid used largely as a precursor of nylon 6,6 production. It is currently synthesized via a petrochemical process that accounts for over 80% of the global industrial N2O emissions. Biobased ADA offers a cleaner alternative but requires technological advancements in microbe and bioprocess performance to be commercially relevant. An in-depth feasibility analysis was conducted to evaluate two biobased pathways for the production of ADA, modeled as integrated sugarcane biorefineries in Aspen Plus®. The pathways examined were: (1) direct fermentation of sugars to ADA (S1-ADA) and (2) hydrogenation of biobased cis,cis-muconic acid to ADA (S2-ccMA-ADA). The impact of improvements to key bioprocess metrics (product yield, titer, and volumetric productivity) on the minimum selling price and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for both pathways was also evaluated in a full-factorial study. S1-ADA demonstrated the highest feasibility potential, achieving minimum selling prices and GHG emissions that were 33.3% and 78.7% lower, respectively, than those of fossil-based production. These results were obtained under conditions of optimal strain performance and bioprocess efficiencies. However, under comparable technological advancements, the best-achievable results for S2-ccMA-ADA indicated a green premium of 13.4% alongside a 68.4% reduction in emissions compared to the fossil-based product. Consequently, the direct biobased pathway (S1-ADA) shows greater potential to compete with and eventually replace its fossil-based counterpart once optimized. This finding highlights the need to prioritize S1-ADA for further biotechnological development.
Professional development courses and alternative assessment strategies for in-service science education teachers
Authors: Oliemat Ayman Mohammad , Al-Gaseem Mohammad Mahmoud , Alkhazaleh Mahmoud Hasan
Published: November 2024

The present study aims to determine the effect of in-service professional development training courses on science teachers’ acquisition and implementation of alternative assessment strategies (AAS). A random sample of 512 science teachers responded to a questionnaire to determine the degree of acquisition of AAS and an observation card to determine the degree of implementation of AAS. The results of the study indicate that there are significant differences between the means of science teachers’ acquisition of alternative assessment strategies due to the variable of enrollment in in-service professional development training courses in favor of the science teachers who were previously enrolled in these courses. On the other hand, the results indicated no significant differences between the mean scores of science teachers’ implementation of alternative assessment strategies due to enrollment in in-service professional development training courses. Also, all the correlation coefficients between the degree of science teachers' acquisition of alternative assessment strategies and the degree to which they implement them according to the variable of enrollment in in-service professional development training courses are not statistically significant. The study provides a number of practical and theoretical recommendations for the field of study. For example, the education system in Jordan should provide science teachers with regular professional workshops and training courses. Future research should examine the differences between two groups of science teachers (those who used alternative assessment strategies compared to those who did not) to determine their impact on outcome level variables (e.g., learning and achievement of students).
Efficacy evaluation of a supplemental polyherbal immunopotentiator liquid on broiler chicken health
Authors: Gopal Bhagwat Vishwanath , Krishnappa Varun Kumar
Published: November 2024

A chicken's immune system is crucial for its health and disease resistance, as it directly impacts production performance.  Immunomodulators are substances such as vitamins, adjuvants, polysaccharides, probiotics, prebiotics, and botanicals that help regulate the immune system and enhance disease resistance. A study was conducted with Cobb 430Y broilers to evaluate the effect of a liquid multi-herb preparation "Immunopotentiator liquid (IPL)" on immunity, performance, and carcass characteristics. The study involved 126 chickens, randomly divided into six groups of 21 birds: G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6. The G3 and G5 groups were supplemented with Geriforte Vet Liquid (GVL), while the G4 and G6 groups were supplemented with IPL. GVL and IPL supplemented by mixing with daily drinking water at 5 ml/100 birds at 1–2 weeks; 10 ml/100 birds at 2–4 weeks; and 20 ml/100 birds from four weeks onward till the chicks reached the marketable age, i.e., 38 days. Additionally, groups (G2, G5, and G6 groups) were vaccinated against New Castle Disease and Infectious Bursal Disease. The results showed that IPL supplementation improved growth performance parameters like body weight and feed efficiency without affecting carcass characteristics or serum biochemical parameters. Further, the immunity parameters, including ND and IBD titers, were elevated in chicks that received IPL supplementation along with vaccinations. In conclusion, the study showed that supplementing IPL with routine vaccinations for 21 days had a positive effect on the immunity, growth performance, and general health of Cobb 430Y broilers.
Assessment of timber and fuel wood harvesting practices and distribution pattern in CFUGs of Khotang District, Nepal
Authors: Kushmi Leera , Ojha Narendra , Khadka Shiva
Published: November 2024

Proper harvesting of forest products is necessary for sustainable forest management, playing a pivotal role in minimizing damage and waste while ensuring the sustainability of forest resources. Sustainable community forest management greatly depends on the harvesting and fair distribution of various forest products (FP). The study's goals were to ascertain the methods, instruments, and strategies utilized in the harvesting process, forest products distribution pattern, and the common issues surrounding the distribution and harvesting of FP in Imo and Ashoje Community Forest (CF) located in Khotang District, Nepal. Operational Plan (OP), focus groups, key informant interviews, household surveys, and minute books were used for data collection. 25% of all households were chosen at random from each of the two CF. The study revealed that traditional methods and tools such as sickles, bill hooks, axes, and saws, were commonly used in the past; however, there has been a shift towards modern tools in recent years. Deviations were observed in forest products harvesting and distribution from that of OP in practice. Fuel wood were equally distributed, timbers were allocated based on priority and circular basis ensuring user satisfaction. The slope was the major constraint for harvesting, as most of the marked trees were not cut because of difficulty in extraction. To improve sustainable forest management, it is recommended that advanced tools and training be provided to users, with regular monitoring by forest officials to ensure adherence to best practices. These measures will help enhance user responsibility and ensure sustainable harvesting operations.
Solvability of integral equations via the technique of measures of noncompactness
Authors: Mohammadi Babak , Mursaleen Mohammad , Parvaneh Vahid
Published: December 2024

Motivated by the work of [Mohammadi et al., Mathematics, 2019, 7, 575.], we extend here Darbo’s fixed point theorem in a Banach space using the combined technique of Wardowski-Mizoguchi-Takahashi contraction. The existence of solution for a system of integral equations is provided and an example to support the effectiveness of our results is also given. Our results generalize and extend some famous comparable obtained results.
Well-posedness characterizations for system of mixed hemivariational inequalities
Authors: Mahalik Kartikeswar , Nahak Chandal
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we concern with the concept of well-posedness and well-posedness in generalized sense for a system of mixed hemivariational inequality (SMHVI) with perturbations. We establish several metric characterizations and equivalent conditions of well-posedness for SMHVI. Our main results improve and extend some announced work in the literature.
On the local existence of solutions to p-Laplacian equation with logarithmic nonlinearity and nonlinear damping term
Authors: Irkıl Nazlı
Published: December 2024

This paper is concerned with the interaction between logarithmic source term and p-Laplacian term for nonlinear damped semilinear wave equation. We established the local existence and uniquenes under appropriate conditions.
Optimal cash holding model based on minimization of ruin probability
Authors: Wang Zhengyan , Zhang Yan , Zhao Peibiao
Published: December 2024

The management of optimal cash holding is particularly important for the sustainability of enterprises’ survival and business decision-making. It is not good for enterprises to have more or less cash holding. In the meantime, the probability of enterprise bankruptcy is also one of the most important research topics in the field of economic finance and management science, such as the early warning of investment risk and financial decision support. In this paper, an optimal cash holding model is established. It is assumed that the objective of optimal cash holding is to minimize the probability of bankruptcy and the security area of cash holding is the constraint condition. By using the dynamic stochastic programming method, the optimal conversion strategy and the analytic expressions of the value function are obtained, and the relevant economic explanations and numerical examples are given. The effects of capital market parameters and consumption function parameters on the optimal conversion strategy and optimal cash holding are discussed.
On the numbers of weak congruences of some finite lattices
Authors: Horváth Eszter K. , Tepavčević Andreja
Published: December 2024

We determine the two greatest numbers of weak congruences of lattices. The number of weak congruences of some special lattices are deduced via combinatorial considerations.
General decay and blow up of solutions for a Kirchhoff-type equation with variable-exponents
Authors: Alnegga Mohammad , Choucha Abdelbaki , Ouchenane Djamel , Boulaaras Salah
Published: December 2024

A nonlinear Kirchhoff-type equation with logarithmic nonlinearity and variable exponents is studied. Firstly, the global existence is shown. Next, by using an integral inequality due to Komornik the general decay result is obtained. Finally, the blow-up of the solutions is proved.
The Auslander-Reiten correspondence about ∞-cotilting objects in extriangulated categories
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Wang Shance
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we introduce ∞-cotilting objects in an extriangulated category. The definition given unifies those of Wakamatsu cotilting modules and of cotilting objects in an extriangulated category. We give a similar Bazzoni characterization and a partial Auslander-Reiten correspondence between ∞-cotilting objects and resolving subcategories in an extriangulated category, which recovers several different results from the literature. More importantly, extensions of the known results for Wakamatsu cotilting modules and for cotilting objects are very natural, but nontrivial, and we use a new method to prove them. At the same time, we give a dual version respect to the ∞-tilting objects.
The Self-Concept, Family Functioning, Psychological and Emotional Symptoms, in Children and Adolescents with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Güler Aksu Gülen , Tezol Özlem , Kütük Meryem Özlem , Kayar Ozan , Tufan Ali Evren , Kargın İrem , Dağ Pelin , Erk İsmail Dorukhan , Toros Fevziye
Published: November 2024

Aim: This study aimed to examine the self-concept and related psychological factors in children and adolescents with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).
Material and Methods: A total of 71 participants (35 patients and 36 controls) were included in this study. As measurement tools the Piers-Harris children’s self-concept scale (PHSCS), family assessment device (FAD), Turgay DSM-IV-based screening and rating scale for disruptive behavior disorders (T-DSM-IV-S), children's depression inventory (CDI), Beck depression inventory (BDI), state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI), children’s sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ), and autism spectrum quotient-adolescent (AQ-adolescent) were used.
Results: NF1 patients had lower intellectual functioning/academic achievement (p=0.002) and popularity/social appreciation (p
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Pitavastatin on Pain Response in Rats with Thermal Plantar and Dynamic Plantar Tests
Authors: Yaman Selma , Altıntaş Aykan Duygun , Ozcan Metin Tuba
Published: November 2024

Aim: Pitavastatin (Pita) is a member of the statin family, a well-known hypolipidemic agent, and some statin members are effective in treating pain. This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of Pita by measuring nociception in rats with different doses and durations.
Material and Methods: This study consisted of six groups including saline oral as a non-drug control, 1 mg/kg Pita single dose, 3 mg/kg Pita single dose, 1 mg/kg Pita for 14 days, 3 mg/kg Pita for 14 days, and 20 mg/kg diclofenac for 14 days. Thermal plantar and mechanical plantar tests were used to observe pain threshold changes. Correlations between Pita doses, durations, and behavioral pain responses were evaluated. The sciatic nerves were evaluated histopathologically.
Results: Pita showed a significant antinociceptive effect in the dynamic plantar test at doses of 1 mg/kg for 14 days by increasing the mechanical threshold from 25.43±4.79 g to 32.28±2.27 g (p=0.041) and 3 mg/kg for 14 days by increasing the mechanical threshold from 27.41±2.36 g to 34.35±2.58 g (p=0.039). Also, Pita increased the thermal latency from 8.95±1.28 s to 11.71±1.49 s in the thermal plantar test at a single dose of 3 mg/kg (p=0.004). Although the antinociceptive effects of Pita were proven in dynamic plantar and thermal plantar tests, these findings did not reach a significant level at histopathological evaluation.
Conclusion: These results suggest that Pita has an antinociceptive effect and when used in conjunction with the right dosage and timing, might be favored for the treatment of pain.
Comunicación en Seguridad Vial: Análisis Crítico de Anuncios sobre Velocidad en Latinoamérica
Authors: Ledesma Rubén Daniel , Tosi Jeremías D. , López Soledad S. , Ferraro-Boggan María Antonella , Poó Fernando M.
Published: December 2024

Las campañas de comunicación son un elemento clave en las políticas de seguridad vial. Sin embargo, la investigación en el campo es escasa. Este estudio analiza los enfoques y contenidos involucrados en anuncios de seguridad vial, tomando como caso particular las campañas orientadas a la reducción de la velocidad. Se trabajó con una muestra de cincuenta anuncios procedentes de quince países latinoamericanos, producidos entre 2009 y 2021. Los anuncios fueron analizados en función del enfoque comunicacional (emocional, argumentativo o informativo), las creencias que buscan modificar (e.g., percepción de vulnerabilidad, normas subjetivas, autoeficacia de conducta) y el tipo de emociones que intentan evocar. También se analizaron aspectos estilísticos y de diseño de los anuncios. Como patrón general, se observó un predominio de enfoques que buscan movilizar emociones negativas, focalizando en las consecuencias adversas del exceso de velocidad (e.g., riesgo de lesiones y muertes). El formato típico de anuncios consiste en dramatizaciones sobre siniestros de tránsito. No obstante, no siempre se incluyen ingredientes clave para que este tipo de mensajes resulten efectivos (e.g., conductas concretas para reducir o afrontar la amenaza). Se advierte además escasa innovación en la búsqueda de modos alternativos de comunicación, como la apelación a emociones y valores positivos. Se proponen recomendaciones para mejorar la comunicación social en seguridad vial.
Intranasal Scope Negotiation Trajectories for Flexible Nasopharyngolaryngoscopy
Authors: Bidkar Vijay , Selvaraj Kalaiselvi , Raipure Amrusha , Dabhekar Sandeep , Prathipati Kiran Kumar , Sarode Lisha
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives: Flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscopy (F-NPLS) is a routine procedure performed in office settings. We compared two different intranasal scope navigation techniques used during F-NPLS, evaluating patient comfort and practitioner satisfaction.Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, parallel-group controlled study. Patients undergoing F-NPLS to evaluate the upper airway were enrolled and randomized into two study groups. Patients in group A underwent intranasal scope negotiation following a trajectory below the middle turbinate; for group B, a trajectory along the inferior turbinate was used. The primary outcome evaluated was the successful, unhindered negotiation of the scope on the first attempt. Secondary outcomes included patient-perceived pain, incidents of mucosal trauma and bleeding, and the frequency and necessity of repeat scopy.Results: In total, 111 patients were randomized into group A (n=53) and group B (n=58). Baseline characteristics, such as age and sex, were similar in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with respect to the primary outcome (group A: 52.8% vs. group B: 55.2%, p=0.8). The frequency of F-NPLS without episodes of mucosal trauma was significantly higher in group B (group A: 56.9% vs. group B: 35.9%, p=0.004). Mucosal ecchymosis was a common finding in group A (group A: 41.5% vs. group B: 13.8%, p=0.03), while nasal bleeding was more frequently observed in group B, although the difference was not statistically significant (group A: 29.3% vs. group B: 22.6%, p=0.42).Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the success rate of unhindered F-NPLS was comparable between the two trajectories. However, patients experienced moderate to severe pain during repeat scopy compared to the initial F-NPLS attempt.
The effect of online platform management and online interactions on donors' engagement
Authors: Gálvez-Rodríguez Mª del Mar , Herrada-Lores Sara , Haro-de-Rosario Arturo , Saraite-Sariene Laura
Published: December 2024

This research examines the role of online platform management (websites and Social Networking Sites, SNS) and online interactions in donors’ engagement with nonprofit organisations (NPOs). To this end, we developed an index of the usage of websites and SNS for fostering donor engagement based on a sample of the top 100 NPOs in the United States, to then carry out a regression analysis. The main findings indicate that NPOs should improve the features of their websites and SNS to catch viewers’ attention and interest them in the information disclosed on online platforms to motivate them to support NPOs' social mission. Results also show that NPOs that more effectively exploit their website and SNS design receive more private donations. The main type of online interaction that NPOs receive in response to posts is clicking actions. To a much lesser extent, online users opt to comment on posts. However, none of these online interactions are decisive for fostering private donations. This study contributes to the knowledge of websites and SNS best practices, providing financial support to NPOs. Likewise, it expands the understanding of users’ online participation as predictors of charitable giving behavior.
Transformaciones productivas y cotidianeidad escolar en escuelas rurales de la pampa húmeda (Santa Fe, Argentina)
Authors: Espoturno Marina , Caisso Lucía , García Javier , Ligorria Verónica
Published: November 2024

In this paper we analyze the effects of the agricultural productive transformations of the last decades on the daily life of rural schools in the central-western area of the province of Santa Fe (Argentina). This is an anthropological research based on ethnographic fieldwork carried out in three rural schools. These institutions are located in a region of the Argentine humid pampas traditionally oriented to dairy cattle production and cattle fattening, but which is nowadays mainly devoted to the cultivation of transgenic soybean and corn. These transformations have brought about profound changes in the world of work, residence and rural social life in general, which in turn have given particular characteristics to rural schools. Phenomena such as the decline in enrollment, the transformation of the origin of enrollment, the redefinitions in the ways of attending school and/or living in school spaces or the changes in the forms of work and residence of teachers account for these transformations. Analyzing them allows us to document the concrete social contexts in which rural schools are located and how these are linked to the daily life of rural schools.
Optimización de la Adsorción de Furfural: Un Enfoque Innovador empleando MoS2 Soportado en MgAl como Catalizador
Authors: Guevara Angelica , Martínez Zambrano José Jobanny , Mancipe Estevez Sonia , Castañeda Claudia Patricia , Rojas Sarmiento Hugo Alfonso , Tzompatzi Francisco
Published: December 2024

El estudio de materiales tipo hidrotalcita en diferentes reacciones ha presentado un gran interés en diferentes campos como la catálisis, la presente investigación se centró en el uso de sólidos de MoS2 soportados sobre MgAl con diferentes contenidos de Mo al 5%, 10% y 15% en peso. La caracterización de los sólidos se llevó a cabo mediante difracción de rayos X (DRX), fisisorción de nitrógeno, espectroscopia infrarroja con transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Espectroscopia Fotoelectrónica de Rayos X (XPS) y Microscopia Electrónica de Barrido (MEB)con el fin de evaluar las propiedades cristalográficas, morfológicas, espectroscópicas y microscópicas que permitieron evidenciar la formación de los materiales laminares. Por otra parte, la evaluación de la adsorción del contaminante se determinó por medio de espectrofotometría UV-Vis, en el estudio se evaluaron cada uno de los sólidos sintetizados, la masa de material adsorbente, la temperatura de adsorción y la concentración de furfural. Los estudios mostraron que a temperaturas de 18°C y 30°C se presenta una cinética de pseudo primer orden, lo que indica que es posible la adsorción del furfural por los materiales utilizados.
A Few Words about Labia
Authors: Franjić Siniša
Published: December 2024

According to the anatomy of the female body, there are two pairs of labia – the labia majora and the labia minora – small thin folds of skin
located between the labia majora. The function of the labia is to surround and therefore protect the clitoris and the opening of the vagina. Bigger
or smaller, darker or lighter, relaxed or rounded, wrinkled or smooth - all woman’s labia look different. With so many variations, there is an
entire spectrum of the “ideal” appearance of the external part of the female genital organ.
Negative attitude towards a doctor in society at the beginning of the formation of medicine as a cultural complex
Authors: Bushlia Alla A.
Published: November 2024

The article examines examples of negative attitudes towards a doctor from literary sources: the invectives of Francesco Petrarch of the XIV century (artistic, documentary, historical and memoir genres of literature) and the play by Jean-Baptiste Moliere “Imaginary Patient” of the XVII century (artistic genre of literature). The main attention is paid to the content of the patient's claim to the doctor: what the authors accuse the doctor of, what they see his flaws in. The patient's negative attitude towards the doctor is expressed in such manifestations as the accusation of ignorance hidden by useless beautiful speeches, the accusation of ostentatious actions, ridiculous prescriptions, conscious, harmful lies, inconsistency and empty promises, greed and the pursuit of profit, obsequiousness, flattery and sycophancy, hypocrisy, the demand for complete submission, the desire to earn money in the first place. In addition, the article attempts to find objective reasons, to see the cultural and historical conditionality of such a patient's attitude to the doctor. As a result of the analysis and comparison of the accusations in the two sources, the author of the article notes that, if there is a difference in the tone of the appeal to the reader, many of the accusations of the two authors are strikingly identical despite the fact that they are separated by three centuries. The author concludes that these accusations are a reflection of those arosing at the very beginning of the formation of medicine as a cultural complex in the relationship problems between the patient and the doctor, which we can observe at the present time. Further investigation of these problems will allow us to trace in more detail the history of the genesis of the doctor-patient relationship, which can serve as an explanation for many ethical problems in modern medicine.
Ethics of patriotism in the mirror of sociology
Authors: Shchekin Gennady Yu. , Lukasz Anton I.
Published: November 2024

Background: The relevance is determined by both the realities of the socio-political situation and its personal component. Interest in the problem of patriotism is largely due to an appeal to traditional spiritual and moral values, so the authors focus on understanding patriotism as an ethical phenomenon, explicating its axiological structure. Such an explication will be reliable only if it is developed on specific factual material, therefore the work presents the results of a sociological analysis of modern trends in patriotic value expectations of Russian society.
Aim: a sociological explication of the spiritual and moral continuum of patriotic values of modern Russian society.
Materials and methods: The work presents the results of a sociological analysis of modern trends in patriotic value expectations of Russian society. A content analysis of modern publications on the research problem was carried out using open databases https://cyberleninka.ru/, https://www.elibrary.ru/ and others; as well as the norms of the current national legislation (https://www.garant.ru/).
Results and discussion: According to the survey data, the first places in the structure of patriotic values of Russian society are occupied by ideas about family, caring for loved ones, which were noted by 16% of respondents in 2023 and 2024, i.e. approximately every sixth respondent. In second place in terms of importance for Russians in the structure of patriotism as a spiritual and moral phenomenon is attachment to the “small homeland” (“the place where I was born, where I live”), which was noted by 15 % of respondents in 2023 and 14 % in 2024. In third place is mutual understanding and mutual assistance, which were noted by 10 % of respondents in 2023 and 8 % in 2024.
Conclusion: The structure of value dispositions obtained as a result of the study reflects the main vectors of state policy and marks the reference points of its development. The conducted sociological analysis showed the priority in the personal consciousness of such values, affiliated with patriotism, as caring for the family, love for the small Motherland, mutual understanding and mutual assistance. Patriotic education can be maximally effective only if it is focused on these specific values.
The attitude of society towards people with mental disorders and psychiatric care
Authors: Svetlichnaya Tatiana G. , Smirnova Elena A.
Published: November 2024

Background: Globalization, digitalization and other processes of transformation of society have significantly transformed the patterns of people's daily lives. High technologies have simplified many socio-economic processes and at the same time complicated the structure and content of social relations, significantly accelerating the pace and dynamics of social processes, which could not but affect the mental and physical health of people. 9 out of 10 Russians (90 %) face stress at different intervals, as a result, studying the attitude of citizens to mental disorders and their willingness to seek qualified psychiatric help becomes an urgent task. The purpose of the work is to identify the attitude of citizens towards mental disorders, psychiatrists and psychiatry, as well as their readiness to seek qualified psychiatric help in the event of mental health disorders. Materials and methods: This article presents the results of a qualitative study using a focus group discussion by 30 people aged 18 to 65 years: from 18 to 35 years, 36–59 years and 60 years and older.
Results and conclusions: The main reason for the negative attitude of society towards mental disorders, psychiatrists and psychiatry is the low level of trust in the doctor, which results in partial or even complete failure by patients to fulfill medical appointments. The study made it possible to identify the social and psychological attitudes of representatives of all age groups, to come to a single agreed opinion regarding the negative attitude of society towards mental disorders and low willingness to seek qualified psychiatric help in the event of mental health disorders.
Epistemological and ethical issues of evidence-based concept in medicine
Authors: Komlev Alexey E.
Published: November 2024

Despite of active implementation of the concept of “evidence-based medicine” into all areas of medical education, clinical science and practical healthcare, the epistemological problems of this new scientific reality currently remain underdeveloped in the philosophy of science.
Aim: to identify the epistemological and ethical problems inherent in the evidence-based approach in medicine.
Methods: The epistemological and ethical aspects of the concept of evidence-based medicine were considered.
Results: At the current stage, evidence-based medicine reflects a transitional stage from the classical to the non-classical research paradigm. In this regard, the epistemological and ethical aspects of the concept of evidence-based medicine require further study and critical reflection.
Conclusions: The discourse of evidence adopted in medicine today is aimed at increasing the objectivity of medical knowledge from practical point of view. However, this approach is not without significant drawbacks, including the overestimation of statistical patterns at the expense of “individual clinical differences”, the implicit primacy of phenomenological settings over the theoretical layer in the postulated structure of the scientific program, the unjustifiably rapid doctrinalization of the approach and the stigmatization of its opponents.