bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Creative Frameworks in Health Care to Solve Data and Information Problems: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Mess Elisabeth Veronica , Kramer Frank , Krumme Julia , Kanelakis Nico , Teynor Alexandra
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Digitization is vital for data management, especially in health care. However, problems still hinder health care stakeholders in their daily work while collecting, processing, and providing health data or information. Data are missing, incorrect, cannot be collected, or information is inadequately presented. These problems can be seen as data or information problems. A proven way to elicit requirements for (software) systems is by using creative frameworks (eg, user-centered design, design thinking, lean UX [user experience], or service design) or creative methods (eg, mind mapping, storyboarding, 6 thinking hats, or interaction room). However, to what extent they are used to solve data or information-related problems in health care is unclear.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of this scoping review is to investigate the use of creative frameworks in addressing data and information problems in health care.

METHODS

Following JBI guidelines and the PRISMA-ScR framework, this paper analyzes selected papers, answering whether creative frameworks addressed health care data or information problems. Focusing on data problems (elicitation or collection, processing) and information problems (provision or visualization), the review examined German and English papers published between 2018 and 2022 using keywords related to “data,” “design,” and “user-centered.” The database SCOPUS was used.

RESULTS

Of the 898 query results, only 23 papers described a data or information problem and a creative method to solve it. These were included in the follow-up analysis and divided into different problem categories: data collection (n=7), data processing (n=1), information visualization (n=11), and mixed problems meaning data and information problem present (n=4). The analysis showed that most identified problems fall into the information visualization category. This could indicate that creative frameworks are particularly suitable for solving information or visualization problems and less for other, more abstract areas such as data problems. The results also showed that most researchers applied a creative framework after they knew what specific (data or information) problem they had (n=21). Only a minority chose a creative framework to identify a problem and realize it was a data or information problem (n=2). In response to these findings, the paper discusses the need for a new approach that addresses health care data and information challenges by promoting collaboration, iterative feedback, and user-centered development.

CONCLUSIONS

Although the potential of creative frameworks is undisputed, applying these in solving data and information problems is a minority. To harness this potential, a suitable method needs to be developed to support health care system stakeholders. This method could be the User-Centered Data Approach.
Usability Evaluation Methods Used in Electronic Discharge Summaries: Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Tesfaye Wubshet , Jordan Margaret , Chen Timothy F , Castelino Ronald Lynel , Sud Kamal , Dabliz Racha , Aslani Parisa
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

With the widespread adoption of digital health records, including electronic discharge summaries (eDS), it is important to assess their usability in order to understand whether they meet the needs of the end users. While there are established approaches for evaluating the usability of electronic health records, there is a lack of knowledge regarding suitable evaluation methods specifically for eDS.

OBJECTIVE

This literature review aims to identify the usability evaluation approaches used in eDS.

METHODS

We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, ACM Digital Library, MEDLINE, and ProQuest databases from their inception until July 2023. The study information was extracted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). We included studies that assessed the usability of eDS, and the systems used to display eDS.

RESULTS

A total of 12 records, including 11 studies and 1 thesis, met the inclusion criteria. The included studies used qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods approaches and reported the use of various usability evaluation methods. Heuristic evaluation was the most used method to assess the usability of eDS systems (n=7), followed by the think-aloud approach (n=5) and laboratory testing (n=3). These methods were used either individually or in combination with usability questionnaires (n=3) and qualitative semistructured interviews (n=4) for evaluating eDS usability issues. The evaluation processes incorporated usability metrics such as user performance, satisfaction, efficiency, and impact rating.

CONCLUSIONS

There are a limited number of studies focusing on usability evaluations of eDS. The identified studies used expert-based and user-centered approaches, which can be used either individually or in combination to identify usability issues. However, further research is needed to determine the most appropriate evaluation method which can assess the fitness for purpose of discharge summaries.

CLINICALTRIAL
Variables of Self-Regulated Learning as Predictors of Academic Achievement
Authors: Ajisuksmo Clara R. P.
Published: December 2023

This study examined the four variables of self-regulated learning, namely processing strategies, regulation strategies, mental models of learning, and learning orientations in predicting students’ academic achievement. The study constituents included 578 first year students [(Female n=479; 82.9%); Male n=99; 17.1%)] enrolled at Faculty of Psychology, in three universities in three big cities in Indonesia, Medan North Sumatra (n=258; 44.6%), Jakarta the capital city (n=209; 36.2%) and Surabaya East Java (n=111; 19.2%). The range of the participants’ age was from 17 to 23 years, and the mean age was 18.99 years. The Indonesia version of Vermunt’s Inventory of Learning Styles (ILS) was implemented to measure the four variables of self-regulated learning. The result of this study revealed that the four variables of self-regulated learning were significant predictors of students’ academic achievement. The study also showed the differences in the four variables of self-regulated learning in terms of gender and the university.
BIOACTIVE METABOLITE PRODUCTION BY NOCARDIOPSIS SYNNEMATAFORMANSVLS-10 OF MANGROVE ORIGIN
Authors: MOGILI MARY SWAPNA , MUVVA VIJAYALAKSHMI
Published: December 2023

Objective: Antibiotic resistance of pathogens has become a serious problem all over the world. Therefore, focusing for novel antibiotics is an important endeavor which is very much needed. Around 50 morphologically different Actinobacteria isolated from mangrove habitats of Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India were screened for antimicrobial activity.
Methods: Among 50 isolates, one strain Nocardiopsis synnemataformans VLS-10 was identified based on morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches. The effect of environmental parameters such as incubation period, pH, temperature and salt concentration, and effect of various nutrients such as carbon and nitrogen sources and minerals on the bioactive metabolite production by N. synnemataformans VLS-10 was evaluated by employing agar well diffusion assay.
Results: Among the 50 isolates, one strain designated as VLS-10 was efficient to produce potential secondary metabolites. It was identified as N. synnemataformans based on polyphasic taxonomy. The present work is mainly aimed to study process optimization parameters to get high yield of bioactive compounds. ISP-2 medium supplemented with sodium chloride @ 9% maintained at pH 7.0 supported maximum yield of secondary metabolites by the strain when incubated at 35°C for 9 days.
Conclusion: Secondary metabolites possessed broad-spectrum activity against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Hence, strain N. synnemataformansVLS-10 becomes a significant source for antimicrobial compounds.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Mukherjee Mayukh , Ghatak Sayanti , Ghosh Jinia , Das Alak Kumar
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Low birth weight (LBW) is a challenging multifaceted public health problem due to its association with increased risk of morbidity and mortality of infants. Both community and institution-based studies are needed to find out the lacunae regarding the occurrence of LBW babies so that effective strategies which are relevant to the local conditions can be adopted for its prevention. We conducted this study to estimate the prevalence and determine the factors associated with LBW in the live-born infants delivered in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This was an observational and cross-sectional questionnaire-based study done in the Department of Pharmacology and Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in this tertiary care hospital. Mothers who gave birth to their baby in the Obstetrics Ward were included in the study. The subjects underwent a face-to-face interview using a suitably designed and validated questionnaire and the data were collected.
Results: A total of 360 subjects were interviewed. About 34.7% of mothers were below 20 years of age. The majority of the mothers had education up to secondary level (58.33%) and were housewife (82.22%). About 58.2% of mothers belonged to a family size of 5–10 members. Among the 104 LBW infants, 63.46% were small for date and 36.54% were pre-term. The mean weight of the newborn was 2.54 kg. Maternal age, number of family members, number of anti-natal care visits, anemia and maternal weight gain during pregnancy were associated with LBW (p<0.05). No significant differences were found among the newborns with and without LBW regarding variables such as religion, family type, maternal addiction, previous abortion, and tetanus toxoid taken by the mother.
Conclusion: As LBW is the major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, every step should be taken for its prevention. In this regard, proper maternal education for antenatal care and regular visits to antenatal care clinics should be done. Field workers may help to impart correct knowledge of diet through proper health education besides providing other advices such as delaying the age of the first child, birth spacing, and family planning services utilization.
BIOAVAILABILITY AND POLYMORPHIC STABILITY CHALLENGES AFFECTING DRUG PRODUCT’S POTENTIAL: A CRITICAL EVALUATION AND PERTINENT SOLUTION
Authors: Panda Ramakant , LANKALAPALLI SRINIVAS
Published: December 2023

Clinical failure remains an ongoing challenge in pharmaceutical drug product development. Solubility and permeability therefore play a very critical role in achieving desired bioavailability and pharmacological response, which in turns affects clinical safety and efficacy significantly. The situation becomes more critical when the drug candidate exhibits polymorphism and undergoes polymorphic transformation due to its meta-stable nature. This review article outlines the available technologies, pertinent regulations, the concepts involved in the enhancement of bioavailability and polymorphic stability to overcome the clinical failures. Various available technologies for bioavailability enhancement such as salification, micronization, complexation, microemulsification, nano emulsification, cocrystal formation, and amorphous solid dispersion with their advantage and disadvantage in formulating a stable drug product containing a polymorphic and meta-stable drug substance. Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of polymorphic transformation are discussed to understand different excipient and process-induced transformation during manufacturing and shelf life of the drug product. Selecting the right instrument from the analytical toolbox is equally important to understand the diverse nature of polymorphic transformation. This review provides state-of-the-art information available on advanced analytical tools along with their capabilities, advantages, and disadvantage with respect to physical/structural analysis of polymorphs and polymorphic transformation.
PROFILE OF CUTANEOUS ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN PATIENTS ATTENDING THE DERMATOLOGY OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, GANGTOK
Authors: Bhutia Karma Tenzing , Sharma Chandrakala , Sharma Rukma lal
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients attending dermatology outpatient department (OPD) and to assess causality and severity of the reported cutaneous ADRs, using different scales.
Methods: The study involved descriptive through retrospective review of patient medical records for patients who attended dermatology OPD for a period of 9 months. Patients’ records specifying with cutaneous ADRs were taken for the study.
Results: The record of 30 patients reported with cutaneous ADRs with certain exclusions was studied. Higher incidence was found among females with 20–40 years of age. The most common presenting symptom was found to be erythematous rash (33%) and the drug groups involved in reactions were NSAIDS, beta-lactams, antitubercular drugs, and antifungals (16.7% each). The most common drug associated with cutaneous ADRs (CADRs) was itraconazole and aceclofenac (16.7% each). On the Naranjo scale, 86% reactions were labeled as “possible” while others as “doubtful”. All the reactions were labeled as mild on Hartwig’s Severity Assessment Scale.
Conclusions: Lack of post-treatment follow-up could be a reason for the difference in the causality result as compared to other studies. The data recorded in this study can be utilized as reference for future studies with large population.
THE ROLE OF AUTOLOGOUS HAMSTRING GRAFT IN IMPROVING FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME AFTER ARTHROSCOPIC ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION: PROSPECTIVE STUDY AT GGH, KURNOOL
Authors: Babu Pasupuleti archana , Priyanka
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The prevalence of knee ligament injuries is on the rise due to increasing engagement in sports activities. Among the various ligaments present in the knee joint, the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most commonly injured. Several procedures have been described for the reconstruction of a torn ACL, ranging from open to arthroscopic techniques. In this particular study, we utilized an autograft from the hamstring muscle for ACL reconstruction. The graft was secured with an Endobutton on the femoral end and an interference screw at the tibial end. If necessary, cancellous screws or a suture wheel was used as well.
Methods: This is a 2-year prospective study conducted between April 2021 and March 2023 at GGH, Kurnool, which included 20 cases of complete ACL tear. All patients underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using a hamstring graft. Following the procedure, all patients were assessed using the lysholm knee scoring questionnaire and were monitored at specific intervals, including 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year, to evaluate their progress.
Results: After 1 year, the lysholm knee scoring questionnaire was used to evaluate the results of the ACL reconstruction with the hamstring graft. The findings revealed that 30% (6 cases) of the cases reported excellent results, 50% (10 cases) of the cases showed good results, 15% (3 cases) of the cases showed fair results, and 5% (1 case) of the cases obtained poor results. In addition, 80% of patients achieved functional restoration to their pre-injury level. At 1-year follow-up, our study found that the average pre-operative lysholm score was 63.24, while the average post-operative score was 91.98, which showed a statistically significant improvement in the post-operative lysholm score compared to the pre-operative score (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Our study suggests that the use of a hamstring graft for the reconstruction of a torn ACL can result in excellent to good outcomes. However, it should be noted that proper patient selection and physiotherapy play a significant role in achieving favorable results.
CLINICAL FEATURES, ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM FINDINGS AND TREATMENT OF SELF-LIMITED FOCAL EPILEPSIES OF CHILDHOOD
Authors: Valoor Harsha T , Jose James , Gafoor Abdul
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The objective is to study the clinical features of self-limited focal epilepsies of childhood and to describe their electroencephalogram (EEG) findings and treatment.
Methods: Twenty cases of self-limited focal epilepsies of childhood attending the Department of Neurology Government Medical College, Kozhikode, between August 2019 and July 2020 were included in the study. Details of history, examination, EEG, and treatment were collected.
Results: The age at first seizure was 1.5–12 years. Most children were diagnosed with self-limited focal epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes. One child had Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Most of the seizures occurred during sleep. The majority were generalized tonic–clonic seizures. The majority had bilateral centrotemporal spikes in EEG. The child with Panayiotopoulos had bilateral spikes from the posterior head region. All were treated with antiepileptics.
Conclusion: Self-limited focal epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes was the most common self-limited focal epilepsy of childhood. They had typical centrotemporal epileptiform discharges, seen bilaterally in most. The most commonly used drug was valproate. None had any major adverse effects on therapy.
PROSTAGLANDIN ANALOG OR RHO KINASE INHIBITOR – WHICH ONE IS BETTER IN PRIMARY OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA
Authors: OJHA RICHA , CHAURASIYA RAKESH CHANDRA , RANA JAGRITI , KUMAR NIM DWIVIDENDRA , SINGH VIJAY KUMAR
Published: December 2023

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy, safety, and adverse drug reactions of ripasudil and bimatoprost.
Methods: An open-label, prospective, observational, randomized study was carried out in the Department of Pharmacology M.L.N. Medical College in association with Manohar Das Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Prayagraj, for 1 year after ethical clearance. A total of 118 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken and randomized into two groups. Only 109 patients completed the study, Group 1 received ripasudil (n=54) and Group 2 received bimatoprost (n=55). Intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear brake-up time (TBUT), and hyperemia were measured at the initiation of treatment and then measured at different time intervals.
Results: Group 1 and Group 2 patients were observed and followed up for 3 months. At the end of the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 12th week in Group 1, ripasudil significantly showed better results in reducing IOP as compared to Group 2 bimatoprost. In terms of TBUT, both groups at the 12th week did not show any significant difference. The OSDI score of both groups showed a non-significant difference at the 12th week. At the end of 2nd week, hyperemia was comparable for both groups but ripasudil showed more hyperemia at the end of the 12th week.
Conclusion: We concluded that ripasudil is more effective than bimatoprost in reducing IOP in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. In terms of adverse effect profile, both drugs showed similar effects in TUBT and OSDI scores. The safety profile of both drugs is similar but the hyperemia score of ripasudil is more than bimatoprost.
SPECTRUM OF PERFORATIVE PERITONITIS-A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: P Sankar Lingam , MUTHUSELVI AHILA , S Pradeesh Kumar , M Kaarthik Kumaar
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Peritonitis secondary to gastrointestinal perforation is a common surgical emergency that has significant mortality and morbidity rates. The aim was to study the etiologies of perforative peritonitis, treatment modalities, and treatment options.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted between January and December 2020. Patients with perforative peritonitis either clinically or radiologically were included in the study after obtaining informed consent. Etiology of perforation, surgical procedures, complications, and outcomes was observed and collected in preformed pro forma. Data were collected in Microsoft Excel and analyzed.
Results: Out of 94 patients, 92 underwent emergency surgery. About 56.38%, (n=53/94) were in the age group of 31–60 years, 86.17%, n=81/94 were males, 79.78%, (n=75/94) presented late to the hospital, abdominal pain and tenderness were seen in all patients and pneumoperitoneum was seen in 58.51%, (n=55/94). The most common cause was peptic ulcer (46.80%, n=20/94) and the most common site of perforation was the first part of the duodenum (35.10%, n=33/94). About 84.04%, (n=79/94) of surgeries were uneventful while surgical site infection was the common complication (40%, n=6/15). About 80.85%, (n=76/94) of patients recovered uneventfully while 19.14% (n=18/94) expired.
Conclusion: Peptic ulcer being the common etiology indicates improper peptic ulcer management. Early presentation to the hospital and prompt resuscitation with surgical interventions can improve recovery and reduce mortality in perforative peritonitis.
STUDY OF FACIAL NERVE COURSE AND ITS VARIATION IN TEMPORAL BONE DISSECTION
Authors: KUMAR ABHAY , CHAUHAN JITENDRA PRATAP SINGH , TRIPATHI AMRITA , DUBEY SANTOSH KUMAR
Published: December 2023

Objectives: There are various anatomical variations of the facial nerve in the bony canal making it prone to injury during mastoid surgeries. The objective of the present study is to find the course of the facial nerve and its variation in 40 cases of temporal bone dissection and to evaluate various parameters of the tympanomastoid segments of the facial nerve and its relation with the important middle ear structures.
Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, on 40 temporal bones from January 2022 to December 2022. Various parameters of the tympanomastoid segments of the facial nerve and its relations with the important middle ear structures were studied in the present study.
Results: In the present study, out of 40 bones dissected, 34 bones (85%) were well pneumatized whereas 6 bones (15%) were sclerotic in nature. In the present study, tympanic segment length varied from 7.65 to 11.72 mm with a mean of 9.32 mm (±1.02 mm). Vertical segment length varied from 10.2 to 15.9 mm with a mean of 13.48 mm (±1.21 mm). The distance of the second genu from the outer cortex varied from 17.67 to 23.71 mm with a mean of 19.73 mm (±1.44 mm). The distance of chorda tympani from stylomastoid foramen varied from 3.2 to 7.6 mm with a mean of 5.54 mm (±1.41 mm).
Conclusion: Anatomical knowledge of facial nerve in the canal and its relation to surrounding structures is very helpful for ENT surgeons to avoid injury to it during middle ear surgeries.
ROLE OF MODIFIED EARLY WARNING SCORE IN EVALUATING MORTALITY IN POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD
Authors: Nivedita  , K Mohammed Faizulviqhas , Alam Mohammad Noor
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The intent of the study is to analyze the role of modified early warning score (MEWS) in the assessment of the need of early intervention and surgical intensive care unit (SICU) admission in patients undergoing elective and emergency major surgical procedures.
Methods: This prospective study incorporated 150 patients who underwent emergency or elective major surgical procedures, with monitoring of physiological parameters in the post-operative period with implementation of MEWS. The MEWS score of 1–3: Escalation of monitoring done. MEWS of 4–5: Escalation of monitoring, urgent assessment by the surgical team, shift of patient to intensive care unit (ICU) if required. MEWS of ≥6: Shift of patient to ICU with emergency assessment by the surgical/medical/ICU team. Outcomes were (1) improvement in patients’ clinical condition after early goal-directed therapies (frequent monitoring, shifting to ICU), (2) discharged alive from the hospital, and (3) patient death.
Results: In our study, all the patients with MEWS from 1 to 7 were discharged alive and all the patients with a score above ≥8 were succumbed to death suggesting MEWS score of ≥8 implicates the strict need for SICU admission and an increased mortality of the patient in the post-operative period. MEWS improved communication between nursing staff, junior doctors with surgical team to “flag-up” and prioritize patients.
Conclusion: The MEWS is an important risk management tool that is simple to implement and effective in identifying the early deterioration of the patients, which can be used as a routine protocol in post-operative period and assessing the need of ICU for further interventions.
ANATOMICAL STUDY OF NUTRIENT FORAMINA IN LONG BONES OF HUMAN UPPER AND LOWER LIMBS
Authors: BR PADMASHREE , SHANKAR VEENA VIDYA , SHETTY SHAILAJA
Published: December 2023

Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study are as follows: (1) To determine the number, location, position, and direction of nutrient foramina in the shaft of long bones. (2) To determine the foraminal index of the long bones.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, undertaken on dry cadaveric human long bones of unknown age and sex from the Department of Anatomy, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore. The duration of study was 2 years. In this study, 350 human long bones which include the clavicle, humerus, radius, and ulna from the upper extremity; femur, tibia, and fibula from the lower extremity were examined in detail for the number, position, location, and directions of the nutrient foramen. For statistical purposes, p<0.05 was taken as significant.
Results: All the bones had single nutrient foramina and a higher percentage of double nutrient foramina was seen in femur. The most common position was the middle one-third of the shaft and the surface distribution was different in different bones. All the bones had the nutrient foramina, which were directed away from the growing end. The mean foraminal index for clavicle, humerus, radius, and ulna was 52.85±9.24, 56.92±6.57, 34.80±6.07, and 36.0±5.85, respectively. Mean foraminal index for femur, tibia, and fibula was 43.54±10.32, 32.37±3.1, and 51.68±9.77.
Conclusion: Knowledge of nutrient foramina of long bones is crucial for orthopedic surgery, forensic identification, obtaining vascularized bone grafts, and treating trauma or malignant bone conditions.
Smart CCTV using Python and Open CV
Authors: Buradkar Prof. Vanita , Khan Rizwan , Satpute Arpita , Pathan Suraiya , Ramteke Shraavi
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The field of video surveillance has seen significant advancements in technology. One such advancement is the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into CCTV cameras, also known as "smart" CCTV cameras. These cameras have the ability to perform complex analytics that can greatly enhance the effectiveness of video surveillance. One of the key benefits of smart cameras is their ability to accurately detect and recognize objects, people, and events. This is achieved through the use of advanced algorithms that enable the camera to analyze video footage in real-time and identify any relevant activity.
Big Data Analytics and Mining for Effective Visualization and Trends Forecasting of Crime Data
Authors: Marasu Nagaravya , Arathi Dr. M.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Big data analytics (BDA) is a systematic approach for analyzing and identifying different patterns,relations, and trends within a large volume of data. In this paper, we apply BDA to criminal data where exploratory data analysis is conducted for visualization and trends prediction. Several the state-of-the art data mining and deep learning techniques are used. Following statistical analysis and visualization, some interesting facts and patterns are discovered from criminal data in San Francisco, Chicago, and Philadelphia. The predictive results show that the Prophet model and Keras stateful LSTM perform better than neural network models, where the optimal size of the training data is found to be three years. These promising outcomes will benefit for police departments and law enforcement organizations to better understand crime issues and provide insights that will enable them to track activities, predict the likelihood of incidents, effectively deploy resources and optimize the decisionmaking process.
Potassium Use Efficiency of Natural Zeolite-Based Potassium Fertilizer in Oil Palm Seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Using Peat Soil Media
Authors: Anwar Syaiful , Murtilaksono Kukuh , Nugroho Budi , Rahutomo Suroso
Published: December 2023

Potassium is the most needed macronutrient for oil palm. However, the efficiency of potassium fertilization on peatlands is low due to leaching. One of the exertions to improve this fertilization's efficiency is peat soil amelioration and engineering fertilizer technology so that plants can absorb nutrients more efficiently. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of zeka fertilizer, a modified potassium fertilizer made from natural zeolite, on oil palm seedlings in peat soil. The study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The treatments were (1) K0 = Control/no fertilizer; (2) K1 = standard fertilizer, namely: urea + TSP + KCl + dolomite; (3) K2 = urea + TSP + zeka-1 + dolomite; K3 = urea + TSP + zeka-2 + dolomite; K4 = urea + TSP + zeka-3 + dolomite. The results proved that, in general, zeka fertilizer (K2, K3, and K4) produced better seedling growth and nutrient use efficiency than the standard fertilization treatment of oil palm seedlings (K1). The best treatment (K3) resulted in the highest growth and nutrient efficiency. K3 treatment resulted in seedling height and stem diameter by 7.7% and 9.2%, respectively, compared to K1. Furthermore, the dry biomass of the shoot and roots produced by the K3 treatment was 39.2% and 33.9% higher, respectively, than that produced by the K1 treatment. The agronomic efficiency, Apparent Recovery efficiency, Physiological efficiency, and Partial Factor Productivity of K3 treatment were 59.91%, 33.23%, 18.57%, and 39.16% higher than K1, respectively.
WHAT DRIVES WOMEN TO BECOME HAMLET'S HEAD? A STUDY OF THE DAYAH BAROE VILLAGE IN ACEH
Authors: Masni Melly , Maghfirah Arifa
Published: December 2023

This study aims to explore the primary factors that encourage women's participation in village administration and the effect of women's leadership as hamlet chiefs on the government of Dayah Baro Village, Delima District, Pidie Regency. This study employed a qualitative methodology and utilized observation and interviews to collect data. The results of this study indicate that the level of Education and emotional empathy possessed by female hamlet leaders encourage their participation in village administration. Consequently, the effect of women's leadership in government is that they reform the village agenda by implementing numerous women-centered agendas. In addition, their presence in the village government structure correlates positively with increased women's participation in Dayah Baroe Village due to the ease of interaction and the numerous women-based agendas facilitated by the leaders of these women's hamlets.
Financiamento de escolas públicas na Inglaterra: descrevendo o modelo e as tendências
recentes sobre o tema
Authors: Quibao José , Mallett Bruno
Published: December 2023

Este artigo descreve aspectos do financiamento da educação obrigatória na Inglaterra. A
primeira parte traça um panorama das políticas educacionais do país que orientaram as mudanças
no financiamento escolar. A segunda parte esclarece as etapas e idades da escolaridade
obrigatória no país e apresenta o crescimento das matrículas em cada tipo de escola. Além disso,
o trabalho explora as fórmulas de financiamento nacional (NFF) e seus fatores atuais e alocação
orçamentária. Por fim, o artigo apresenta dados de gastos oficiais por tipo de escola e o gasto
médio por aluno na Inglaterra. Os dados mostram que houve um aumento da matrícula obrigatória no
ensino público desde 2015, pressionando os custos da educação. Além disso, houve uma
pulverização de tipos de escolas no país, resultando em diferentes bolsas por aluno e um fluxo
significativo de recursos públicos para atores privados. Ademais, os gastos públicos com
educação diminuíram na maior parte da década de 2010, representando um aperto substancial nos
recursos escolares e nos salários dos professores. Apesar das promessas do governo de cumprir os
níveis orçamentários de 2010, isso ainda não foi visto.
mpact of SDGs Retraining Workshops on Pedagogical Competencies of Primary School Teachers
Authors: Achimugu Lawrence , Njoku Njoku , Yomi Sunday
Published: December 2023

The qualities of a teacher are the essential factors that influence learners’ academic performance. Most of these qualities are acquired through retraining programmes. As a result of this, many in-service training programme have been on-going. This study was undertaken to ascertain the impact of SDGs retraining workshop on pedagogical competencies of primary school teachers. It is a descriptive survey design guided by four research questions. The population of the study consisted of 3,115 primary school teachers who participated in SDGs retraining workshops. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 360 teachers. The researchers developed a structured questionnaire titled primary school teachers’ pedagogical competence questionnaire (PSTPCQ, r=0.86). Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The results of the data analysis revealed that the SDGs retraining workshops impacted basic science and technology teachers’ pedagogical competencies positively in areas of teaching methods, construction of instructional materials and assessment of learning outcomes but negatively on the out-of-class science teaching strategy. It was recommended among others that all primary school teachers should be given opportunity to attend the SDGs retraining workshop and that adequate fund should be made available for regular and consistent retraining programmes to ensure greater and effective instructional delivery of BST lessons.
NETNOGRAPHIC STEREOTYPES OF MUSLIM WOMEN ON INSTAGRAM: A GENDER DYNAMICS IN COMEDY CONTENT
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Riska Dwi Agustin
Published: December 2023

This study attempts to analyze the gender stereotypes embedded in Muslim women as the subject of jokes and blasphemy on Instagram. These stereotypes generally lead to the image of Muslims as arrogant, selfish, troublemakers, and stupid. The study uses a netnographic approach, in which data is obtained through observations of comedy content on Instagram, then analyzed using interactive data models analyzed by Miles, Hubermann, and Saldana. The results of this study found that the stereotype of Muslim women in the virtual space is formed by a gender-biased social construction in the field of fact. This construction was used by content creators as a material to design Instagram content full of jokes and gossip about women. Even the emergence of such stereotypes is driven by the economic motives of the “owners” of the account. It is from here that there is a need to strengthen the self-awareness of content creators in self-imagining and representing women. An egalitarian and non-gender consciousness, both factual and virtual.
Identifying Factors Prevent Patients' Accessibility to Musculoskeletal Physical Therapy in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Alshammari Tadhi K. , Alonazi Ashwag A. , Alsweed Afnan I. , Alasous Rawan A. ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Prince Sultan Military Medical City,   Department of Physical Therapy, Prince Sultan Military Medical City
Published: December 2023

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are common and linked to an increased risk of developing a disability. Although physical therapy is recommended for several musculoskeletal conditions, research shows the rate of patients’ access to physical therapy clinics appears unchanged. Objective: We aimed to identify predictive factors to improve overall health status, better compliance, and better management of patients' conditions within physiotherapy services. We used electronic data for a retrospective cohort in Prince Sultan Military Medical City from 30 March 2022 to 22 May 2022. Considering gender, age, and the co-existence of other medical conditions, we compared users and non-users of physical therapy services after referral. Patients were grouped using their diagnosis from their index visit to the Spine, Lower extremity, and Upper extremity. We compared differences in patient factors between users and non-users of physical therapy using chi-square and t-tests. We estimated the minimum sample size to be 385, using 50% of the population portion. Results: We found a significant number of non-users were males and were from the orthopedic department. The association analysis revealed significant relationships between users and gender, user and clinic, and user and diagnosis. Conclusion: The high prevalence of non-users in OPD clinics, could be driven by: the lack of time and an understanding of the importance of the physical therapy course. The study guides healthcare professionals to highlight individuals at particular risk of not accessing physical therapy and indicates the benefit of accessing physical treatment in their case. Further, it encourages to design and implement a policy for people with OPD/Spinal disorder to ensure the continuity of care and to prevent any longterm impact on their health
Abordagens pedagógicas para a correção de distúrbios psicomotores em crianças
Authors: Biesieda Volodymyr , Yefymenko Mykola , Revutska Olena , Marchuk Vitalii , Bochkov Pavlo
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar distintas abordagens pedagógicas e métodos empregados na correção de distúrbios psicomotores em crianças. A meta foi atingida por meio da utilização da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados destacam que as habilidades psicomotoras abrangem diversos aspectos, tais como precisão de controle, coordenação de movimentos de diferentes partes do corpo, resposta a estímulos, velocidade de reação, assim como velocidade e precisão de movimento, inclusive micromovimentos. Tais habilidades refletem a capacidade de controlar e coordenar os movimentos corporais de acordo com os processos mentais. Os distúrbios podem englobar uma variedade de problemas relacionados às habilidades motoras, coordenação, equilíbrio e controle de movimento. As causas destes distúrbios são diversas e podem ter um impacto significativo na aprendizagem, desenvolvimento e atividades diárias da criança. As conclusões ressaltam que a correção e reabilitação de crianças com distúrbios psicomotores requerem a aplicação de princípios pedagógicos e metodológicos voltados para o aprimoramento de suas habilidades motoras e mentais.
Exploration of principal leadership through “The Records of the Grand Historian” by Sima Qian - Focusing on Xiang Yu and Liu Bang -
Authors:   The Korean Society for the Study of Local Education Management, Ryu SungChang , Lee JaeDuck
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore the principles of school leadership by comparing the characteristics of Xiang Yu (項羽) and Liu Bang (劉邦) as described in Sima Qian's "Records of the Grand Historian" (史記). To achieve this goal, the study examines the leadership types observable in "Records of the Grand Historian" and compares the contrasting leadership styles of Xiang Yu and Liu Bang, ultimately seeking to uncover the leadership qualities required by school principals in today's context. The results are as follows: "Records of the Grand Historian" (史記) depict into the inquiry of attributes of an ideal leader through the descriptions and assessments of historical figures. Consequently, an examination of "Records of the Grand Historian" enables us to explore the value factors that school principals should embody in their leadership. The depiction of a successful leader in "Records of the Grand Historian" (史記) is one who is grounded in humanistic values, has a grand vision, strives to realize the common good of the community, and possesses qualities of active listening and inclusivity. By comparing the contrasting leadership styles of Xiang Yu and Liu Bang, two historical figures featured in "Records of the Grand Historian" (史記) whose leadership stands out most distinctly, and applying these insights to school leadership, the study suggests that school principals should present a vision that aligns with the current situation, listen to and embrace the opinions of the members, and be aware of their own shortcomings while appropriately delegating authority to the teachers.
Examining issues surrounding NQF-based university competency-based education system design
Authors:   The Korean Society for the Study of Local Education Management, Kim Hyekyung , Kim yoonyoung
Published: December 2023

This study comprehensively analyzed domestic and overseas cases implementing the National Qualifications Framework (NQF) and explored design issues that could be linked to the competency-based education system of domestic universities. To this end, we suggested the educational system design characteristics of domestic and overseas NQFs and suggest a way to link the results to the design of competency-based education systems in domestic universities. The main research results were that the NQF education system design was analyzed into 5 areas and 11 characteristics, and 3 improvement issues were presented to reflect this in the design of competency-based curriculum in domestic universities. First, there is a need to establish a competency qualification system required by the national-regional level and design a competency-based education system in connection with it. Second, it is necessary to design a curriculum completion system based on the 'competency qualification achievement system' so that learners can achieve their learning goals and acquire competency levels. Moreover, it is necessary to design a completion system so that the learning time required to reach the learning goal is calculated as credits, and learning experiences outside of school can also be recognized as qualifications. Third, it is necessary to establish and implement a system of 'regional governance' for matching industrial talents between universities and companies. In other words, the university is a center that can form various partnerships between the region and companies, and it can nurture local talents.
In short, by applying the competency-based education system design issues derived from this study, it is expected to contribute to an educational mechanism that can solve the mismatching of talents between universities and companies by transforming the competency-based education system of domestic universities into a competency qualification system (RQF) linked to regions and industries.
RFX6 Maintains Gene Expression and Function of Adult Human Islet α-Cells
Authors: Coykendall Vy M.N. , Qian Mollie F. , Tellez Krissie , Bautista Austin , Bevacqua Romina J. , Gu Xueying , Hang Yan , Neukam Martin , Zhao Weichen , Chang Charles , MacDonald Patrick E. , Kim Seung K.
Published: December 2023

Mutations in the gene encoding the transcription factor regulatory factor X-box binding 6 (RFX6) are associated with human diabetes. Within pancreatic islets, RFX6 expression is most abundant in islet α-cells, and α-cell RFX6 expression is altered in diabetes. However, the roles of RFX6 in regulating gene expression, glucagon output, and other crucial human adult α-cell functions are not yet understood. We developed a method for selective genetic targeting of human α-cells and assessed RFX6-dependent α-cell function. RFX6 suppression with RNA interference led to impaired α-cell exocytosis and dysregulated glucagon secretion in vitro and in vivo. By contrast, these phenotypes were not observed with RFX6 suppression across all islet cells. Transcriptomics in α-cells revealed RFX6-dependent expression of genes governing nutrient sensing, hormone processing, and secretion, with some of these exclusively expressed in human α-cells. Mapping of RFX6 DNA-binding sites in primary human islet cells identified a subset of direct RFX6 target genes. Together, these data unveil RFX6-dependent genetic targets and mechanisms crucial for regulating adult human α-cell function.

Article Highlights
Acute Activation of GFRAL in the Area Postrema Contributes to Glucose Regulation Independent of Weight
Authors: Zhang Song-Yang , Danaei Zahra , Bruce Kyla , Chiu Jennifer F.M. , Lam Tony K.T.
Published: December 2023

GDF15 regulates energy balance and glucose homeostasis in rodents by activating its receptor GFRAL, expressed in the area postrema of the brain. However, whether GDF15-GFRAL signaling in the area postrema regulates glucose tolerance independent of changes in food intake and weight and contributes to the glucose-lowering effect of metformin remain unknown. Herein, we report that direct, acute GDF15 infusion into the area postrema of rats fed a high-fat diet increased intravenous glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity to lower hepatic glucose production independent of changes in food intake, weight, and plasma insulin levels under conscious, unrestrained, and nonstressed conditions. In parallel, metformin infusion concurrently increased plasma GDF15 levels and glucose tolerance. Finally, a knockdown of GFRAL expression in the area postrema negated administration of GDF15, as well as metformin, to increase glucose tolerance independent of changes in food intake, weight, and plasma insulin levels. In summary, activation of GFRAL in the area postrema contributes to glucose regulation of GDF15 and metformin in vivo.

Article Highlights
Overexpression of UBE2E2 in mouse pancreatic β-cells leads to glucose intolerance via reduction of the β-cell mass
Authors: Sakurai Yoshitaka , Kubota Naoto , Takamoto Iseki , Wada Nobuhiro , Aihara Masakazu , Hayashi Takanori , Kubota Tetsuya , Hiraike Yuta , Sasako Takayoshi , Nakao Harumi , Aiba Atsu , Chikaoka Yoko , Kawamura Takeshi , Kadowaki Takashi , Yamauchi Toshimasa
Published: December 2023

Genome-wide association studies have identified several gene polymorphisms, including UBE2E2, associated with type 2 diabetes. Although UBE2E2 is one of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) involved in the process of ubiquitin modifications, the pathophysiological roles of UBE2E2 in metabolic dysfunction are not yet understood. Herein, we showed upregulated UBE2E2 expression in the islets of a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. The diabetes risk allele of UBE2E2 (rs13094957) in non‑coding regions was associated with upregulation of the UBE2E2 mRNA in the human pancreas. While glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was intact in the isolated islets, pancreatic β-cells-specific Ube2e2-transgenic (TG) mice exhibited reduced insulin secretion and decreased β-cell mass. In the TG mice, suppressed proliferation of β-cells before the weaning period and under the high-fat-diet condition was accompanied by elevated gene expression levels of p21, resulting in decreased postnatal β-cell mass expansion and compensatory β-cell hyperplasia, respectively. In the TG islets, proteomic analysis identified enhanced formation of various types of polyubiquitin chains, accompanied by increased expression of Nedd4 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. Ubiquitination assays showed that UBE2E2 mediated the elongation of ubiquitin chains by Nedd4. The data suggest that UBE2E2-mediated ubiquitin modifications in the β-cells play an important role in regulating glucose homeostasis and β-cell mass.