bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERVENÇÃO PSICOPEDAGÓGICA: POSSIBILIDADES E PERSPECTIVAS DE MUDANÇA DO INSUCESSO ESCOLAR DE ALUNOS REPROVADOS NA DISCIPLINA DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Geane da Silva Braga Maria
Published: June 2022

A reprovação escolar é algo que apesar de tão antigo nos impressiona a todo tempo, pois acontece naturalmente nas escolas e, mesmo sendo de conhecimento de todos, não se tem pensado efetivamente em uma intervenção psicopedagógica eficiente que venha reverter os altos índices, principalmente na disciplina de língua portuguesa. Além disso, é preciso dizer que essa situação não depende só dos professores, mas de toda a comunidade escolar: pais, coordenadores, diretores, familiares e demais colaboradores da instituição de ensino e especialmente de todos os alunos envolvidos nesse contexto. Na educação, quando se trata de dificuldades de aprendizagem, de imediato se associa a essa questão à classe menos favorecida, ou seja, o histórico familiar passa a ser uma das premissas para justificar o que não se cumpriu ao longo da vida do aluno, que nada mais é do que o direito de aprender. Diante disso, é preciso saber a origem da falta de sucesso da aprendizagem, do insucesso escolar na disciplina de língua portuguesa que leva a altos índices de reprovação nas escolas brasileiras para intervir nessa situação de forma mais criteriosa. Vale ressaltar, ainda, que as condições atuais permitem repensar sobre o ensino da leitura e da escrita, pois há diversas considerações no que se refere ao conhecimento didático acumulado às transformações educacionais realmente significativas. Espera-se, sem procurar culpados, buscar a união de agentes e ações com intervenções transformadoras na melhoria da aprendizagem escolar, abolindo ou minimizando o tão discutido insucesso escolar por meio da reprovação na disciplina de língua portuguesa.
A IMPORTANCIA DA EDUCAÇAO NO SISTEMA PENITENCIÁRIO E SUA RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO NA RESSOCIALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Vieira da Silva Laércio , Marreiros dos Santos Keila , Francisco Peres Aguiar João , Feitosa Aguiar Anarleth
Published: June 2022

Este artigo vem discutir sobre alguns aspectos sobre a importância da educação e sua ressignificação na socialização no sistema Penitenciário. Percebe-se, que não há nenhuma preocupação pela maior parte dos cidadãos com a ressocialização dos presos, motivo pelo qual esta pesquisa busca demonstrar a possibilidade de mudança de comportamento daquele ser humano que se encontra vulnerável quando fica privado de sua liberdade e no momento de retorno à sociedade, construindo alguns projetos de políticas públicas, em específico na área da educação, os quais buscam formas de reduzir a taxa de reincidência e consequentemente à prevenção da criminalidade dentro e fora do cárcere. Sendo assim, procuramos entender como ocorre essa reinserção diante dos presídios para com os processos de educação abordando os aspectos de integração do interno, na qual acredita que existam uma politica de ressocialização para os detentos, incluindo os mesmo diante dos acontecimentos que estão ocorrendo e traçando métodos de escuta e debate, onde todos merecem ter o livre arbítrio de expressar suas opiniões.
A PERANCANGAN APLIKASI INVENTARIS BARANG MILIK NEGARA BERBASIS WEB PADA DEPUTI BIDANG PENCEGAHAN BNN
Authors: Sumaryanto  , Sumarna Sumarna
Published: June 2022

Pada Deputi Bidang Pencegahan BNN pencatatan inventaris barang yang dipinjamkan masih dilakukan secara manual menggunakan Microsoft Excel sehingga menyebabkan kendala dalam pencarian persediaan barang dan pengolahan data. Untuk mengetahui barang apa yang sudah dipinjamkan dan kepada siapa dipinjamkan, petugas harus melacak satu persatu BAST (Berita Acara Serah Terima Barang) yang dibuat sehingga menjadi tidak efisien. Oleh karena itu perlu dibuatkan sebuah aplikasi inventaris barang milik negara yang dapat digunakan untuk mengelola dan mendata persediaan barang yang ada dan sudah dipinjamkan. Sehingga pihak terkait tidak lagi kesulitan jika ingin memonitoring persediaan barang yang masih ada atau jika ingin melacak barang yang sudah dipinjamkan kepada pihak kedua.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI RESERVATION HOTEL BERBASIS WEB (STUDI KASUS HOTEL TAMBORA SUMBAWA)
Authors: Nawassyarif Nawassyarif , Santika Yuli , Dery Sofya Nora
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun Aplikasi Reservation Hotel Berbasis Web, yang dapat memudahkan pihak pengelola hotel dalam mendata tamu yang ingin melakukan reservasi tanpa harus datang secara langsung ke Hotel Tambora Sumbawa untuk memesan kamar yang diinginkan, dan pihak pengelola hotel tidak lagi membuka lembaran-lembaran buku besar untuk mencari data tamu pada saat ingin melakukan cek-out. Aplikasi ini dikembangkan dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, HTML, CSS, dan Mysql sebagai Database. Adapun metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode studi pustaka, wawancara, dan observasi serta menggunakan metode Waterfall sebagai metode pengembangan perangkat lunak. Adapun metode pengujian dalam penelitian ini yang dilakukan melalui pengujian black-box yaitu pengujian yang dilakukan dengan menguji perangkat lunak dari segi fungsionalitas. Dalam Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Reservation Hotel Tambora Sumbawa Berbasis Web terdapat informasi data kamar, data pegawai, transaksi, master data, serta informasi feedback
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI KELOMPOK TANI UMA BERINGIN KECAMATAN ALAS BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Herfandi Herfandi , M. Julkarnain  , Fauzul Kabir Ahmad
Published: June 2022

Kelompok Tani Uma Beringin Kecamatan Alas di dalam proses pembukuan dan informasi masih bersifat manual sehingga kurang efektif dikarenakan masih seringnya ada kesalahan antara pengurus dan gudang, seperti stok pupuk, benih dan alat. Dengan  berkembangnya  teknologi  maka aplikasi dengan berbasis web mampu mempermudah pemrosesan data sampai penyampaian informasi sehingga dapat membantu para kelompok tani dalam  mengelolah  dan  mengendalikan  strategi  organisasi  untuk  penyesuaian  pemberdayaan  kelompok  tani  agar tetap seimbang. Karenanya penelitian ini melakukan rancang bangun aplikasi kelompok tani berbasis web. Penelitian ini menghasilak aplikasi kelompok tani yang di bangun memiliki fitur admin yang bisa melakukan create, read, update, dan delete (CRUD) stok barang, data anggota, stok alat, serta berita. Sedangkan anggota tani memiliki fitur melihat stok barang dan melakukan pengajuan pengambila secara online. Metode pengembangan ialah waterfall, berbasis web, perancangan menggunakan pendekatan Unified Modelling Language (UML). Pengujian perangkat lunak dengan metode black box dengan teknik Test Case Equivalence Partitioning mendapatkan kesimpulan berhasil dari berbagai jenis pengujian. diharapkan dengan adanya aplikasi ini dapat membantu Kelompok Tani Uma Beringin untuk bekerja secara efisien yang dapat meningkatkan solidaritas dan kualitas pangan bagi seluruh petani.
An investigation into the effect of a high velocity low amplitude manipulation on core muscle strength in patients with chronic mechanical lower back pain
Authors:   , Uys Lizette
Published: June 2022

Brunarski (1984) says that philosophically and historically, chiropractic has been uniquely orientated toward an emphasis on preventative care and health maintenance with a mechanistic and hands-on model for treatment. Instead of reductionism, chiropractors focus on holism, non-invasiveness and the sharing of the responsibilities for healing between doctor and patient. As stated in a Canadian report by Manga et al. (1993), lower back pain is a ubiquitous problem and there are many epidemiological and statistical studies documenting the high incidence and prevalence of lower back pain (Manga et al., 1993). Evans and Oldreive (2000) revealed in a study of the transversus abdominis that low back pain patients had reduced endurance of the transverses abdominis and that its protective ability was decreased. In addition, it was noted that wasting and inhibition of the other core stabiliser and co-contractor, multifidus, was present (Hides et al.,1994), both of which have been linked to the presence of low back pain (Evans and Oldreive, 2000 and Hides et al., 1994). Thus, it stands to reason that manipulation, as an effective treatment for low back pain (Di Fabio, 1992), could be effective in restoring the strength and endurance of the core stability muscles. This is theoretically supported by the fact that a restriction in motion and pain due to mechanical derangement in the low back can be effectively treated by manipulation (Sandoz, 1976; Korr (Leach, 1994); Herzog et al., 1999; Homewood, 1979; Vernon and Mrozek, 2005 and Wyke (Leach, 1994)). Homewood (1979) described that a subluxation may interfere with the nerve supply and result in a decrease in muscular activity. He hypothesized that removal of the subluxation could restore: normal physiological processes, increase muscle activity and; improve functional ability and normalize the torque ratios (Herzog et al., 1999; Korr (Leach, 1994); Nansel et al., 1993 and Rebechini-Zasadny et al., 1981). In terms of an intervention, Rebechini-Zasadny et al. (1981) and Naidoo (2002) demonstrated and inferred that manipulation to the cervical spine could affect the muscular activity supplied by those levels. They, however, suggested further studies of manipulation-induced peripheral changes in the muscles are needed, due to unaccounted for variables and small sample sizes in their respective studies This research aims to address the questions posed by the above literature, hence by investigating a high velocity low amplitude manipulation as a possible added intervention for improving local core stabilizer muscle strength, a management protocol for the chronic mechanical lower back pain could be developed.
The inter-examiner reliability and validity of the Myofascial Diagnostic Scale as an assessment tool in the diagnosis of myofascial pain syndrome
Authors:   , Vaghmaria Vinesh
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the Myofascial Diagnostic Scale, for its inter-examiner reliability and to assess its reliability and validity as an assessment tool in the diagnosis and treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome.
A pragmatic clinical investigation of the comparative effectiveness of ischaemic compression and cryo-ischaemic compression in the treatment of rhomboid myofascial pain syndrome
Authors:   , Sookraj Sholini
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative effectiveness of cryo-ischaemic compression, using the Cold Tennis-ball Technique, and ischaemic compression, using normal tennis balls, in the treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome The study was a randomised, controlled, comparative clinical trial. The samlpe population comprised of sixty patients between the ages of 18-35 years. Patients were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were selected and randomly divided into two groups. One group, of thirty patients, received ischaemic compression using normal tennis balls, whilst the second group, of thirty patients, received ischaemic compression using the Cold Tennis-ball Technique. Patients received four treatments over a period of two weeks. Data was obtained from each patient prior to and immediately after each treatment. Objective data was obtained from pressure threshold algometry and the Myofascial Diagnostic Scale. Subjective data was obtained from the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) and patients were required to give a sensory description of their pain at two-minute intervals during the course of the treatment. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the SPSS version 11.5 and Stata version 9.0 software. Treatment effects for quantitative outcomes were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA. Profile plots were examined in order to assess in which direction the significance lay. Ordinal outcomes were examined for a treatment effect using ordinal logistic regression modelling. These models also examined a time by group interaction. Nonparametric Spearman’s correlation coefficients were used to examine intra-group relationships.
TAQUIPNEA PERSISTENTE DE LA INFANCIA: HIPERPLASIA DE CÉLULAS NEUROENDOCRINAS, UNA REVISIÓN
Authors: Pérez Jazmín , Colom Alejandro , Balinotti Juan , Cárdenas Marlene , Medín Martín , Maffey Alberto , Teper Alejandro
Published: June 2022

La hiperplasia de células neuroendocrinas de la infancia (HCNEI) constituye una de las enfermedades intersticiales más frecuentes en pediatría. Tanto su etiología como los mecanismos fisiopatológicos involucrados son inciertos. Suele presentarse en pacientes por lo demás sanos, durante los primeros meses de vida con taquipnea, retracciones costales, rales e hipoxemia. En la tomografía axial computada de tórax de alta resolución (TACAR) presenta imágenes características en vidrio esmerilado de distribución central y zonas de atrapamiento aéreo. Para el diagnóstico, además de la clínica y la TACAR, podemos recurrir a la biopsia en casos atípicos. Los hallazgos histológicos reflejan una arquitectura pulmonar normal y un aumento en el número de células neuroendocrinas. El manejo global es con medidas de sostén, ya que no se cuenta con un tratamiento específico. La sintomatología suele mejorar con la edad y el pronóstico es favorable.
Aldebaran, a New Star on GPGPU
Authors: Кузьминский М.
Published: June 2022

На арене серверов x86-архитектуры традиционно соперничают AMD и Intel, однако в области GPGPU для высокопроизводительных вычислений и решений искусственного интеллекта, где лидирует Nvidia, положение AMD менее предсказуемо, но ситуация меняется.

Sky Once mere graphic accelerators, these days GPUs have turned into all-in-one systems for General Purpose Computing on Graphic Processing Unit (GPGPU) used in datacenters and powerful exascale supercomputers operating in on-board, mobile, and stationary configurations. This process was initiated by Nvidia over 10 years ago, and currently, almost all leading technology industry players are doing something in this area.
Politics And the First Soviet Computers
Authors: Прохоров С. , Волков Д.
Published: June 2022

Первые советские компьютеры М-1 и МЭСМ увидели свет в декабре 1951 года — CCCР стал третьей страной, вступившей в компьютерную эру. Проект M-1 был готов еще в 1948 году, а через три года появилась работающая машина, но этого могло бы и не случиться.

The first computers in the USSR, M-1 and MESM, saw the light of day in December 1951: the Soviet Union became the third country of the world to enter the computer era. The M-1 blueprint was ready as far back as in 1948, and in three years, the fully operational computer emerged, although this might not have happened.
Sull’uso del passato remoto e prossimo nei rinvii anaforici dei testi scientifici, giuridici e tecnici
Authors: Kempas Ilpo
Published: June 2022

L’articolo esamina la scelta tra il passato remoto (PR) e il passato prossimo (PP) nei rinvii anaforici dei testi scientifici, giuridici e tecnici tra il 1500 e il 2000. L’italiano standard a base toscana si caratterizza per la grammaticalizzazione del PP come tempo aoristico e per la sua espansione nel campo semantico occupato prima dal PR. L’uso di questi due tempi nei rinvii anaforici è stato indagato empiricamente, raccogliendo tutti gli esempi di PR (N=146; più tardi ancora 24, cioè 170 in totale) usati in otto predeterminate frasi fatte (con dire e vedere) disponibili tramite Google nel momento di osservazione e un numero identico di esempi di PP, per scoprire le possibili differenze tra i due tempi in rapporto agli anni di pubblicazione dei documenti.  Inoltre, sono stati osservati i numeri totali degli  esempi di PP per confrontarli con quelli di PR. I  risultati rivelano che i cambiamenti avvenuti nella lingua in genere si riflettono anche nell’uso di entrambi i tempi, benché con ritardo. Il periodo ≤1800, soprattutto proprio l’Ottocento, si profila come “l’età dell’oro” del PR, mentre il Novecento conosce un’espansione sostanziale del PP. In totale, il PP risulta predominante nei rinvii anaforici studiati (N=857, 85,4%).
Testing a New Spelling Database Created from The Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English
Authors: Vaňková Marie
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a new tool designed to facilitate linguistic analyses of texts from the early Middle English period, focusing primarily on spelling and its variation. The core of the application is a database which maps correspondences between segments of the numerous spelling variants available in the Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English (LAEME). The interface is suitable for analyses of spelling systems of individual texts and their comparison, as well as analyses with a wider scope such as spelling variants potentially associated with a specific sound change etc.

The article is based on a short sample study designed to test various features of the tool. The goal of the study is to describe the distribution of equivalents of h, ȝ across multiple copies of three short lyrics. A basic description of the tool is complemented with practical examples of its use taken from the study. The article also relates the results of the study to previous findings in order to check for potential errors in the database, and to assess its advantages or disadvantages in comparison with more traditional research methods.
ANFEPRAMONA E FEMPROPOREX: USO INDISCRIMINADO DE ANOREXÍGENOS E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS
Authors: Silva Rubenilson dos Santos da , Oliveira Bruno César Santos de , Rodrigues Juliana Lima Gomes
Published: June 2022

Esse artigo buscou descrever as propriedades farmacológicas da anfepramona e do femproporex e seus efeitos adversos, apontando as consequências do uso indiscriminado e os principais motivos que promovem o uso indiscriminado, mostrando a importância do farmacêutico na dispensação desses medicamentos. Este estudo é caracterizado como uma de revisão de literatura integrativa que teve como bases de pesquisas as plataformas Google Acadêmico, PubMed, Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO). A Anfepramona e o femproporex fazem parte dos anorexígenos mais utilizados no tratamento da obesidade. Esta classe de medicamentos têm sido a alternativa de diversas pessoas que buscam emagrecer rapidamente, todavia o uso indiscriminado desses psicotrópicos pode oferecer riscos consideráveis à saúde do paciente, por isso faz-se necessário a orientação dos profissionais de saúde no uso correto desses fármacos. Entende-se que o uso indiscriminado de Anfepramona e femproporex trazem complicações a saúde do indivíduo, podendo ser atribuído à influência midiática e à busca pelo “corpo perfeito”.
Neural network processing of holographic images
Authors: Schreck John Stephen , Gantos Gabrielle , Hayman Matthew , Bensemer Aaron , Gagne David John
Published: June 2022

Abstract. HOLODEC, an airborne cloud particle imager, captures holographic images of a fixed volume of cloud to characterize the types and sizes of cloud particles, such as water droplets and ice crystals. Cloud particle properties include position, diameter, and shape. In this work we evaluate the potential for processing HOLODEC data by leveraging a combination of GPU hardware and machine learning with the eventual goal of improving HOLODEC processing speed and performance. We present a hologram processing algorithm, HolodecML, that utilizes a neural network segmentation model and computational parallelization to achieve these goals. HolodecML is trained using synthetically generated holograms based on a model of the instrument, and predicts masks around particles found within reconstructed images. From these masks, the position and size of the detected particles can be characterized in three dimensions. In order to successfully process real holograms, we find we must apply a series of image corrupting transformations and noise to the synthetic images used in training. In this evaluation, HolodecML had comparable position and size estimations performance to the standard processing method, but improved particle detection by nearly 20 % on several thousand manually labeled HOLODEC images. However, the particle detection improvement only occurred when image corruption was performed on the simulated images during training, thereby mimicking non-ideal conditions in the actual probe. The trained model also learned to differentiate artifacts and other impurities in the HOLODEC images from the particles, even though no such objects were present in the training data set. By contrast, the standard processing method struggled to separate particles from artifacts. HolodecML also leverages GPUs and parallel computing that enables large processing speed gains over serial and CPU-only based evaluation. Our results demonstrate that the machine-learning based framework may be a possible path to both improving and accelerating hologram processing. The novelty of the training approach, which leveraged noise as a means for parameterizing non-ideal aspects of the HOLODEC detector, could be applied in other domains where the theoretical model is incapable of fully describing the real-world operation of the instrument and accurate truth data required for supervised learning cannot be obtained from real-world observations.
Past and future climate change effects on thermal regime and oxygen solubility of four peri-alpine lakes
Authors: Desgué-Itier Olivia , Melo Vieira Soares Laura , Anneville Orlane , Bouffard Damien , Chanudet Vincent , Danis Pierre-Alain , Domaizon Isabelle , Guillard Jean , Mazure Théo , Sharaf Najwa , Soulignac Frédéric , Tran-Khac Viet , Vinçon-Leite Brigitte , Jenny Jean-Philippe
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Climate change modifies the thermal regime and the oxygen solubility of lakes globally, resulting in the alteration of ecosystem processes, lake habitats and concentrations of key parameters. The use of one-dimensional (1D) lake model for global scale studies has become the standard in lake research to evaluate the effects of climate change. However, such approach requires global scale forcing parameters which have several limitations that are barely discussed, such as the need of serious downscaling. Furthermore, projections of lakes' thermal regime are hardly ever confronted with long-term observations that extent for more than a few decades. These shortfalls limit the robustness of hindcast/ forecast simulations on decadal to centennial timescales. In this study, several 1D lake models' robustness was tested for long-term variations based on 63 years of limnological data collected by the French Observatory of LAkes (OLA). Here we evaluate the possibility to force mechanistic models by following the long-term evolution of shortwave radiation and air temperature while providing realistic seasonal trend for the other parameters for which local scale downscaling often lacks accuracy. Then, the effects of climate change on the thermal regime and oxygen solubility were analyzed in the four-largest French peri-Alpine lakes. Our results show that 1D lake models forced by air temperatures and short-wave radiations accurately predict variations in lake thermal regime over the last four to six decades, with RMSE <1.95 °C. During the last three decades, water temperatures have increased by 0.46 °C decade–1 (±0.02 °C) in the epilimnion and 0.33 °C decade–1 (±0.06 °C) in the hypolimnion. Concomitantly and due to thermal change, O2 solubility has decreased by -0.104 mg L–1 decade–1 (±0.005 mg L–1) and -0.096 mg L–1 decade–1 (±0.011 mg L–1) in the epilimnion and hypolimnion, respectively. Based on the ssp370 socio-economic pathway of the IPCC, perialpine lakes could face an increase of 3.80 °C (±0.20 °C) in the next 70 years, accompanied by a decline of 1.0 mg L–1 (±0.1 mg L–1) of O2 solubility. These results suggest important degradation in lake thermal and oxygen conditions and a loss of habitats for endemic species.
Forest liming in the face of climate change: the implications of restorative liming on soil organic carbon in mature German forests
Authors: van Straaten Oliver , Kulp Larissa , Martinson Guntars O. , Zederer Dan P. , Talkner Ulrike
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Forest liming is a management tool that has and continues to be used extensively across northern Europe to counteract acidification processes from anthropogenic sulfur and nitrogen (N) deposition. In this study, we quantified how liming affects soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and attempt to disentangle the mechanisms responsible for the often-contrasting processes that regulate net soil carbon (C) fluxes. Using a paired-plot experimental design we compared SOC stocks in limed plots with adjacent unlimed control plots at 28 experimental sites to 60-cm soil depth in mature broadleaf and coniferous forests across Germany. Historical soil data from a subset of the paired experiment plots was analyzed to assess how SOC stocks in both control and limed plots had changed between 1990 and 2019.  Overall, we found that forest floor C stocks have been accumulating over time, particularly in the control plots. Liming however largely offsets this organic layer buildup, which means that nutrients remain mobile and are not bound in soil organic matter complexes. Results from the paired plot analysis showed that forest floor C stocks were significantly lower in limed plots than the control ( 34 %,  8.4 ± 1.7 Mg C ha-1), but did not significantly affect SOC stocks in the mineral soil, when all sites are pooled together. In the forest floor layers, SOC stocks exhibited an exponential decrease with increasing pH, highlighting how lime-induced improvements in the biochemical environment stimulate organic matter (OM) decomposition. Nevertheless, for both forest floor and mineral soils, the magnitude and direction of the belowground C changes hinged directly on the inherent site characteristics, namely, forest type (conifer versus broadleaf), soil pH, soil texture and the soil SOC stocks. On the other hand, SOC stock decreases were often offset by other processes that fostered C accumulation, such as improved forest productivity or increased carbon stabilization, which correspondingly translated to an overall variable response by SOC stocks, particularly in the mineral soil.  Lastly, we measured soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and soil methane (CH4) flux immediately after a re-liming event at three of the experimental sites. Here, we found that (1) liming doubles CH4 uptake in the long-term, (2) highlighted that soil organic matter mineralization processes respond quickly to liming, though the duration and size of the CO2 flush varied between sites, and (3) lime-derived CO2 contributed very little to total CO2 emissions over the measurement period.
P3D-BRNS v1.0.0: A Three-dimensional, Multiphase, Multicomponent, Pore-scale Reactive Transport Modelling Package for Simulating Biogeochemical Processes in Subsurface Environments
Authors: Golparvar Amir , Kästner Matthias , Thullner Martin
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The porous microenvironment of soil offers various environmental functions which are governed by physical and reactive processes. Understanding reactive transport processes in porous media is essential for many natural systems (soils, aquifers, aquatic sediments or subsurface reservoirs) or technological processes (water treatment, or ceramic and fuel cell technologies). In particular, in the vadose zone of the terrestrial subsurface the spatially and temporally varying saturation of the aqueous and the gas phase leads to systems that involve complex flow and transport processes as well as reactive transformations of chemical compounds in the porous material. To describe these interacting processes and their dynamics at the pore scale requires a well-suited modelling framework accounting for the proper description of all relevant processes at a high spatial resolution. Here we present P3D-BRNS as a new open-source modelling toolbox harnessing the core libraries of OpenFOAM and coupled externally to the Biogeochemical Reaction Network Simulator (BRNS). The native OpenFOAM Volume of Fluid solver is extended to have an improved representation of the fluid-fluid interface. The solvers are further developed to couple the reaction module which can be tailored for a specific reactive transport simulation. P3D-RBNS is benchmarked against three different flow and reactive transport processes; 1) fluid-fluid configuration in a capillary corner, 2) mass transfer across the fluid-fluid interface and 3) microbial growth with a high degree of accuracy. Our model allows for simulation of the spatio-temporal distribution of all bio-chemical species in the porous structure (obtained from µ-CT images), for conditions that are commonly found in the laboratory and environmental systems. With our coupled computational model, we provide a reliable and efficient tool for simulating multiphase, reactive transport in porous media.
Regional significance of historical trends and step changes in Australian streamflow
Authors: Amirthanathan Gnanathikkam , Bari Mohammed , Woldemeskel Fitsum , Tuteja Narendra , Feikema Paul
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The Hydrologic Reference Stations is a network of 467 high quality streamflow gauging stations across Australia, developed and maintained by Bureau of Meteorology, as part of ongoing responsibility under the Water Act 2007. Main objectives of the service are to observe and detect climate-driven changes in observed streamflow and to provide a quality controlled dataset for research. We investigate linear and step changes in streamflow across Australia in data from all 467 streamflow gauging stations. Data from 30 to 69 years duration ending in February 2019 was examined. We analysed data in terms of water year totals and for the four seasons. The commencement of water year varies across the country – mainly from February–March in the south to September–October in the north. We summarised our findings for each of the 12 Drainage Divisions defined by Australian Geospatial Fabric (Geofabric), and continental Australia as a whole. We used statistical tests to detect and analyse linear and step changes in seasonal and annual streamflow. Linear trends were detected by Mann-Kendall – Variance Correction Approach (MK3), Block Bootstrap Approach (MK3bs) and Long Term Persistence (Mk4) tests. The Nonparametric Pettitt test was used for step change detection and identification. Regional significance of these changes at the drainage division scale was analysed and synthesised using the Walker test. The Murray Darling Basin, with Australia’s largest river system, showed statistically significant decreasing trends for the region in annual total and all four seasons. Drainage Divisions in New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania showed significant annual and seasonal decreasing trends. Similar results were found in south-west Western Australia, South Australia and north-east Queensland. There was no significant spatial pattern observed in Central and mid-west Australia, one possibility being the sparse density of streamflow stations and or length of data. Only the Timor Sea drainage division in northern Australia showed increasing trends and step changes in annual and seasonal streamflow and were regionally significant. Most of the step changes occurred during 1970–99. In the south-eastern part of Australia, majority of the step changes occurred in the 1990s, before the onset of the millennium drought. Long term linear trends in observed streamflow and its regional significance are consistent with observed changes in climate experienced across Australia. Findings from this study will assist water managers for long term infrastructure planning and management of water resources under climate variability and change across Australia.
Aegean-style extensional deformation in the contractional southern Dinarides: incipient normal fault scarps in Montenegro
Authors: Biermanns Peter , Schmitz Benjamin , Mechernich Silke , Weismüller Christopher , Onuzi Kujtim , Ustaszewski Kamil , Reicherter Klaus
Published: June 2022

Abstract. We describe two 5–7 km long normal fault scarps (NFSs)
occurring atop fault-related anticlines in the coastal ranges of the
Dinarides fold-and-thrust belt in southern Montenegro, a region under
predominant contraction. Both NFSs show well-exposed, 6–9 m high, striated,
and locally polished fault surfaces, cutting uniformly northeastward-dipping limestone
beds at high angles and documenting active faulting. Sharply delimited
ribbons on free rock faces show different colors, varying karstification, and
lichen growth and suggest stepwise footwall exhumation, which is typical of repeated
normal faulting during earthquake events. Displacements, surface rupture
lengths, and geometries of the outcropping fault planes imply
paleoearthquakes with Mw≈6 ± 0.5 and slip rates of
∼ 0.5–1.5 mm yr−1 since the Last Glacial Maximum. This is
well in line with (more reliable, higher-resolution) slip rates based on
cosmogenic 36Cl data from the scarps for which modeling suggests
1.5 ± 0.1 mm yr−1 and 6–15 cm slip every 35–100 years during the last
∼ 6 kyr. The total throw on both NFSs – although poorly
constrained – is estimated to ∼ 200 m and offsets the basal
thrust of a regionally important tectonic unit. The NFSs are incipient
extensional structures cutting (and postdating emplacement of) the uppermost
Dinaric thrust stacks down to an unknown depth. To explain their existence
in a region apparently under pure contraction, we consider two
possibilities: (i) syn-convergent NFS development or – less likely – (ii) a hitherto undocumented propagation of extensional tectonics from the
hinterland. Interestingly, the position of the extensional features
documented here agrees with geodetic data, suggesting that our study area is
located broadly at the transition from NE–SW-directed shortening in the
northwest to NE–SW-directed extension to the southeast. While the
contraction reflects ongoing Adria–Europe convergence taken up along the
frontal portions of the Dinarides, the incipient extensional structures
might be induced by rollback of the Hellenic slab in the southeast, whose effects
on the upper plate appear to be migrating along-strike of the Hellenides
towards the northwest. In that sense, the newly found NFSs possibly provide
evidence for a kinematic change of a thrust belt segment over time. However,
with a significantly higher probability, they can be regarded as
second-order features accommodating geometrical changes in the underlying
first-order thrust faults to which they are tied genetically.
Combining snow physics and machine learning to predict avalanche activity: does it help?
Authors: Viallon-Galinier Léo , Hagenmuller Pascal , Eckert Nicolas
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Predicting avalanche activity from meteorological and snow cover simulations is critical in mountainous areas to support operational forecasting. Several numerical and statistical methods have tried to address this issue. However, it remains unclear how the combination of snow physics, mechanical analysis of snow profiles and observed avalanche data improves avalanche activity prediction. This study combines extensive snow cover and snow stability simulations with observed avalanche occurrences within a Random Forest approach to predict avalanche days at a spatial resolution corresponding to elevations and aspects of avalanche paths in a given mountain range. We develop a rigorous leave-one-out evaluation procedure including an independent test set, confusion matrices, and receiver operating characteristic curves. In a region of the French Alps (Haute-Maurienne) and over the period 1960–2018, we show the added value within the statistical model of considering advanced snow cover modelling and mechanical stability indices instead of using only simple meteorological and bulk information. Specifically, using mechanically-based stability indices and their time-derivatives in addition to simple snow and meteorological variables increases the recall from around 65 % to 76 %. However, due to the scarcity of avalanche events and the possible misclassification of non-avalanche days in the training data set, the precision remains low, around 3.5 %, due to the scarcity of avalanche days. These scores illustrate the difficulty of predicting avalanche occurrence with a high spatio-temporal resolution, even with the current cutting-edge data and modelling tools. Yet, our study opens perspectives to improve modelling tools supporting operational avalanche forecasting.
Assessing the Seasonal Evolution of Snow Depth Spatial Variability and Scaling in Complex Mountain Terrain
Authors: Miller Zachary S. , Peitzsch Erich H. , Sproles Eric A. , Birkeland Karl W. , Palomaki Ross T.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Dynamic natural processes govern snow distribution in mountainous environments throughout the world. Interactions of these different processes create spatially variable patterns of snow depth across a landscape. Variations in accumulation and redistribution occur at a variety of spatial scales, which are well established for moderate mountain terrain. However, spatial patterns of snow depth variability in steep, complex mountain terrain have not been fully explored due to insufficient spatial resolutions of snow depth measurement. Recent advances in uncrewed aerial systems (UAS) and structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry provide an opportunity to map spatially continuous snow depths at high resolution in these environments. Using UAS and SfM photogrammetry, we captured 12 snow depth maps at a steep couloir site in the Bridger Range of Montana, USA, during the 2019–2020 winter. We quantified the scale breaks of snow depth distribution in this complex mountain terrain at a variety of resolutions over two orders of magnitude (0.02 m to 20 m) and time steps (4 to 58 days) using variogram analysis in a high-performance computing environment. We found that spatial resolutions greater than 0.5 m do not capture the complete patterns of snow depth spatial variability within complex mountain terrain and that snow depths are autocorrelated within horizontal distances of 15 m. The results of this research have the potential to reduce uncertainty currently associated with snowpack and snow water resource analysis by documenting and quantifying snow depth variability and snowpack evolution on relatively inaccessible slopes in complex terrain at high spatial and temporal resolutions.
Feasibility of Virtual Assessment of Physical Frailty in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients – A Single Centre, Observational Study
Authors: Ferreira Manoela de Paula , Chowdhury Noori , Wickerson Lisa , Ross Heather , Selzner Nazia , Kim S.  Joseph , Singer Lianne G. , Mathur Sunita
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To describe the feasibility of virtual assessments of physical frailty in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients using a modified Fried Frailty Index (mFFI) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and to describe the prevalence of frailty 12-months post-transplant using virtual assessment. Methods: Virtual assessments were performed using an e-questionnaire and a video-call for functional tests. Feasibility variables included: internet quality, video-call duration, presence of a companion, and adverse events. Results: 34 SOT recipients, median age 62 (46-67), 76% lung recipients, 47% female, were included. The video-call had a median duration of 12 minutes (10-15 min), without adverse events. A companion was present in 23 (68%) video-call assessments. Fifteen SOT recipients (44%) were classified as pre-frail by the mFFI, and none were frail. Three participants (8.8%) were classified as frail using the SPPB. Conclusion: Virtual frailty assessments can be used as an alternative to in-person assessments in SOT recipients.
Feasibility and Perception of a Diet and Exercise Intervention Delivered via Telehealth to Firefighters
Authors: Donahue Stephanie , McMorrow Carly , Almeida Andrew A. , Feairheller Deborah
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Firefighters have a high risk of cardiovascular incidence due to their poor health, fitness, and dietary habits. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of a diet and exercise intervention within firefighters delivered exclusively via telehealth to help reduce the risks of cardiovascular disease. Additionally, the firefighters’ perception of their health was assessed. Methods: Fifteen firefighters participated in a six-week Mediterranean diet and a functional circuit exercise intervention with pre- and post-fitness testing and survey completion. The firefighters had weekly video calls with their telehealth coach. Results: Self-assessed health improved with the intervention from an average of 5.9 to 7.9 out of 10. Both weight and BMI significantly decreased with the intervention. Overall, firefighters had high adherence to both portions of the intervention. Discussion: Telehealth interventions may be efficacious in improving firefighter fitness levels and overall health as firefighters saw positive health and fitness improvements.
Benefits and Challenges of Telerehabilitation Use By Pediatric Physiotherapists During the COVID-19 Pandemic In Western and Southern India: A Cross Sectional Survey
Authors: Chivate Shukra , Sharma Mehek , Shaikh Aamila , Satarkar Chandrika
Published: June 2022

As the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic spread, many physiotherapists chose telerehabilitation (TR) to continue delivering therapy. This study was conducted to document the perceived benefits and challenges of TR faced by pediatric physiotherapists in western and southern India.  Using the snowball method, electronic survey forms were distributed to 275 pediatric physiotherapists in Western and Southern India; 110 responses were available for analysis. A majority of respondents had experience with TR (n=83, 75.5%), while others had never used TR (n=27, 24.5%). TR was reported to be less effective than in-person therapy for treating children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therapists reported significant difficulties during TR sessions; these included assessing and modifying exercises for children. As the popularity of TR grows, pediatric physiotherapists will need to be aware of the benefits and challenges they will face during TR sessions. Most pediatric physiotherapists believed the interaction between parents and therapists is a requisite for optimal service delivery.
Pengaruh On The Job Training (OJT) Flight Operations Officer (FOO) Terhadap Kesiapan Kerja
Authors: Lubis Marsel Rionaldo
Published: June 2022

Petugas Flight Operations Officer (FOO) sebelum mendapakan license wajib melaksanakan kegiatan On The Job Training (OJT) di maskapai penerbangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh OJT petugas FOO terhadap kesiapan kerja. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 22 responden yang merupakan peserta dikalt FOO API Banyuwangi menggunakan purposive sampling (sampel bertujuan). Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari 10 pernyataan yang diukur menggunakan skala likert. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara statistik. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Pelaksanaan kegiatan On the Job Training (OJT) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan, keahlian, sikap, komunikasi, kepemimpinan dan kerjasama seorang FOO sehingga dapat memiliki kesiapan kerja.
Efektifitas Penggunaan Laboratorium FOO Dalam Menunjang Peningkatan Pemahaman Taruna OPU Di Akademi Penerbang Indonesia Banyuwangi
Authors: Wibowo Untung Lestari Nur
Published: June 2022

Salah satu sarana penunjang kegiatan belajar yang merupakan hal baru dan khusus diharapkan mampu meningkatkan efektifitas pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh taruna/i Akademi Penerbang Indonesia Banyuwangi yaitu Laboratorium Flight Operations Officer (FOO), pendirian Lab penunjang ini didasari atas kebutuhan yang di syaratkan pada peraturan CASR 142 yaitu sebagai Training Center. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan responden yaitu peserta diklat FOO angktan 1 dan 2, serta OPU 1 dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 46 orang. Hasil analisa data menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Laboratorium Flight Operations Officer (FOO) sebagai sarana praktikum mempunyai pengaruh terhadap capaian prestasi taruna/i, hal ini dapat ditunjukkan dari hasil teknik analisis korelasi sederhana dengan hasil suatu model hubungan yang dinyatakan dalam korelasi Pearson Product Moment dengan hasil sebesar 0.27901, meskipun besaran koefisien korelasi tersebut masih dalam kategori rendah, tetapi ada persepsi positif dalam penggunaan Laboratorium tersebut sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa peran penggunaan Laboratorium Flight Operations Officer (FOO) di Akademi Penerbang Indonesia Banyuwangi memiliki peranan yang efektifitas dalam capaian prestasi para taruna/i-nya.
Pengaruh Penerapan Sistem Link and Match Antara Dunia Usaha dan Dunia Industri (DUDI) dan Penyelengara Pendidikan Terhadap Hasil Pembelajaran dan Penyerapan Lulusan Pada Prodi D-III Operasi Pesawat Udara (OPU) Akademi Penerbang Indonesia Banyuwangi
Authors: Marantika Adolf Andrea , Sugandi Ade
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengembangkan model kerjasama link and match untuk meningkatkan kesiapan kerja bagi lulusan D-III Operasi Pesawat Udara (OPU) Akademi Penerbang Indonesia Banyuwangi. Jenis penelitian adalah research and development (R&D). Lokasi penelitian di Akademi Penerbang Indonesia Banyuwangi dan Dunia Usaha Dunia Industri (DUDI) yaitu PT. Citilink Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pengembangan model kerjasama link and match untuk meningkatkan kesiapan kerja dilakukan dengan menambahkan komponen sosialisasi mahasiswa, keterlibatan DUDI dalam penerimaan mahasiswa baru, dan identifikasi kebutuhan oleh DUDI; (2) model link and match dikatakan efektif bilamana mengantarkan standar kompetensi lulusan Program Studi Operasi Pesawat Udara (OPU) sama dengan kompetensi harapan DUDI.
Kajian Aeronautical Decision Making (Studi Kasus Medical Evacuation Sinta Auliya, Penderita Kanker Tulang Kaki dari Rembang)
Authors: Siahaan Febri Kendari Ardhyansah , Arif Rifki
Published: June 2022

Pilot helikopter, khususnya helikopter layanan medis darurat menghadapi banyak tekanan dan resiko dalam menjalankan tugasnya. Banyak faktor yang dapat menjadi penyebab kecelakaan helikopter. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kajian aeronautical decision making. Kajian dilakukan berbasis studi kasus medical evacuation Sinta Auliya, penderita kanker tulang kaki dari Rembang, Jawa Tengah. Penulisan artikel ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi para pilot helikopter, khususnya helikopter layanan medis darurat dan menjadi rujukan untuk operasi-operasi sejenis di masa-masa mendatang. Helikopter layanan medis darurat dalam proses evakuasi ini adalah alat utama penerbangan Direktorat Kepolisian Udara di bawah komando Kepolisian Daerah Jawa Timur. Deskripsi diawali dengan uraian teknis helikopter, jarak lokasi dan waktu tempuh. Deskripsi selanjutnya dilakukan untuk tahapan proses evakuasi meliputi perintah operasi, persiapan dan koordinasi serta pelaksanaan evakuasi. Koordinasi dan sinergu kru helikopter menjadi bagian penting dalam proses evakuasi ini. Peralihan waktu dari siang ke malam dapat diatasi dengan kemampuan dan pengalaman operator helikopter sehingga proses evakuasi dapat berjalan dengan baik dan lancar.
FOD Detection Camera Pada Object Landasan Bandara
Authors: Sakti Widhi Winata , Abhiyaksa Mahindra , Arif Rifki
Published: June 2022

Foreign object damage (FOD) adalah persoalan besar pada industri penerbangan yang berpengaruh pada tingkat keselamatan. Pesawat terkadang kehilangan bagian kecil ketika mendarat. Deteksi objek FOD pada MobileNetV2 serta menjadi backend pada proses pengujian model. Pada pengujian didapatkan bahwa nilai probabilitas dari pendeteksian berkisar diatas 52%, dihasilakan bahwa model dapat digunakan data dengan baik pada perubahan intensitas cahaya pada kamera.