bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: AHMED Syeda Hoorulain , SHEKOUHI Ramin , CHIM Harvey
Published: July 2024

Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (nTOS) is caused by brachial plexus compression in the thoracic outlet. It accounts for 85%–95% of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) cases, which may also be caused by compression of the subclavian artery and vein. Compression occurs in the interscalene triangle, costoclavicular space or subpectoralis minor space, with congenital anomalies and repetitive overhead activities as contributing factors. Diagnosis is challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other conditions. Patients commonly report pain, numbness, tingling and weakness in the neck, shoulder and arm, exacerbated by arm elevation. Symptoms related to nTOS may manifest in the distribution of the upper (C5–C6), middle (C7) and lower plexus (C8–T1). Although widely used, provocative tests have varying degrees of sensitivity and specificity and may have high false-positive rates, complicating the diagnosis. Patterns on electrodiagnostic studies provide key diagnostic clues, such as reduced sensory response in the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve and low compound motor action potential in the median nerve. Imaging techniques like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), alongside procedures like diagnostic and therapeutic anterior scalene blocks, assist in identifying anatomical abnormalities and predicting surgical outcomes. Management of nTOS involves lifestyle changes, physical therapy, medication and botulinum toxin injections for symptomatic relief. Surgical options may include supraclavicular, transaxillary and infraclavicular approaches, each offering specific benefits based on patient anatomy and surgeon expertise. Minimally invasive techniques, such as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and robotic surgery, enhance exposure and dexterity, leading to better outcomes. Future research should focus on developing precise diagnostic tools, understanding nTOS pathophysiology, standardising diagnostic criteria and surgical approaches, comparing long-term treatment outcomes and exploring preventive measures to improve patient care and quality of life.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Word Sense Disambiguation Combining Knowledge Graph and Text Hierarchical Structure
Authors: Cao Yukun , Jin Chengkun , Tang Yijia , Wei ZiYue
Published: July 2024

Current supervised word sense disambiguation models have obtained high disambiguation results using annotated information of different word senses and pre-trained language models. However, the semantic data of the supervised word sense disambiguation models are in the form of short texts, and much of the corpus information is not rich enough to distinguish the semantics in different scenarios. This article proposes a bi-encoder word sense disambiguation method combining a knowledge graph and text hierarchy structure, by introducing structured knowledge from the knowledge graph to supplement more extended semantic information, using the hierarchy of contextual input text to describe the meaning of words and phrases, and constructing a BERT-based bi-encoder, introducing a graph attention network to reduce the noise information in the contextual input text, so as to improve the disambiguation accuracy of the target words in phrase form and ultimately improve the disambiguation effectiveness of the method. By comparing the method with the latest nine comparison algorithms in five test datasets, the disambiguation accuracy of the method mostly outperformed the comparison algorithms and achieved better results.
UCH‐L1 Inhibitor Alleviates Nerve Damage Caused by Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Xu Minghua , Zhao Xiaomin , Zhao Jiang , Tan Zhisheng , Zhang Chengshi , Huang Yun , Zhong Huiping , Guo Meifeng , Zhang Chen , Ye Ping , Zheng Wentao
Published: July 2024

Background. Moyamoya disease (MMD) leads to nerve injury. Exosomes are touted as bio‐shuttles for the delivery of distinct biomolecules inside the cells. Recently, UCH‐L1 was shown to play a vital role in nerve injury. However, it is still unknown whether UCH‐L1 can improve the nerve injury of MMD. Materials and Methods. Exosomes were isolated from the serum of patients with MMD and healthy controls. The total RNA was extracted from the exosomes, and the level of GFAP and UCH‐L1 between the serum exosomes of the two groups was analyzed by a quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Exosome labeling and uptake by SH‐SY5Y cells were observed by confocal laser microscopy. Cell counting kit‐8 assay and flow cytometry were used to determine the viability and apoptosis of SH‐SY5Y cells, respectively. Results. Exosomes were successfully isolated and identified from serum. The expression of GFAP and UCH‐L1 was significantly higher in the serum‐derived exosomes from MMD patients compared with the healthy controls (P  < 0.05). Compared to the blank and control exosome group, serum‐derived exosomes from MMD significantly suppress cellular vitality and promote apoptosis of SH‐SY5Y cells, while the use of LDN‐91946, a specific inhibitor of UCH‐L1, could reverse the effects induced by serum‐derived exosomes from MMD. Conclusion. UCH‐L1 inhibitor could reverse MMD‐induced inhibition of SH‐SY5Y cell viability and promotion of apoptosis. UCH‐L1 may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of nerve damage caused by MMD.
Impact of Extracellular Matrix‐Related Genes on the Tumor Microenvironment and Prognostic Indicators in Esophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Analytical Study
Authors: Wu Yinghong , Hu Wenjie , Jia Zhihong , Zhu Qiying , Xu Jinghui , Peng Liang , Wang Renjie
Published: July 2024

Esophageal cancer is a major global health challenge with a poor prognosis. Recent studies underscore the extracellular matrix (ECM) role in cancer progression, but the full impact of ECM‐related genes on patient outcomes remains unclear. Our study utilized next‐generation sequencing and clinical data from esophageal cancer patients provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas, employing the R package in RStudio for computational analysis. This analysis identified significant associations between patient survival and various ECM‐related genes, including IBSP, LINGO4, COL26A1, MMP12, KLK4, RTBDN, TENM1, GDF15, and RUNX1. Consequently, we developed a prognostic model to predict patient outcomes, which demonstrated clear survival differences between high‐risk and low‐risk patient groups. Our comprehensive review encompassed clinical correlations, biological pathways, and variations in immune response among these risk categories. We also constructed a nomogram integrating clinical information with risk assessment. Focusing on the TENM1 gene, we found it significantly impacts immune response, showing a positive correlation with T helper cells, NK cells, and CD8+ T cells, but a negative correlation with neutrophils and Th17 cells. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed enhanced pathways related to pancreatic beta cells, spermatogenesis, apical junctions, and muscle formation in patients with high TENM1 expression. This research provides new insights into the role of ECM genes in esophageal cancer and informs future research directions.
Enhancement of Infrared Imagery through Low‐Light Image Guidance Leveraging Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Gan Yong , Wang Yuefeng
Published: July 2024

Addressing challenges in infrared imaging, such as low contrast, blurriness, and detail scarcity due to environmental limitations and the target’s limited radiative capacity, this research introduces a novel infrared image enhancement approach using low‐light image guidance. Initially, the Cbc‐SwinIR model (coordinate‐based convolution‐ image restoration using Swin Transformer) is applied for super‐resolution reconstruction of both shimmer and infrared images, improving their resolution and clarity. Next, the MAXIM model (multiaxis MLP for image processing) enhances the visibility of low‐light images under low illumination. Finally, the AILI (adaptive infrared and low‐light)‐fusion algorithm fuses the processed low‐light image with the infrared image, achieving comprehensive visual enhancement. The enhanced infrared image exhibits significant improvements: a 0.08 increase in fractal dimension (FD), 0.094 rise in information entropy, 0.00512 elevation in mean square error (MSE), and a 12.206 reduction in peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR). These advancements in FD and information entropy highlight a substantial improvement in the complexity and diversity of the infrared image’s features. Despite a decrease in PSNR and an increase in MSE, this indicates that the newly introduced information enhances contrast and enriches texture details in the infrared images, resulting in pixel‐level variations. This methodology demonstrates considerable improvements in visual content and analytical value, proving relevant, innovative, and efficient in infrared image enhancement with broad application prospects.
Supplementary Video S1 from WebMeV: A Cloud Platform for Analyzing and Visualizing Cancer Genomic Data
Authors: Wang Yaoyu E. , Kutnetsov Lev , Partensky Antony , Farid Jalil , Quackenbush John
Published: July 2024

This video provides an overview of WebMeV and its capabilities.
Supplementary Video S1 from An Accessible Proteogenomics Informatics Resource for Cancer Researchers
Authors: Chambers Matthew C. , Jagtap Pratik D. , Johnson James E. , McGowan Thomas , Kumar Praveen , Onsongo Getiria , Guerrero Candace R. , Barsnes Harald , Vaudel Marc , Martens Lennart , Grüning Björn , Cooke Ira R. , Heydarian Mohammad , Reddy Karen L. , Griffin Timothy J.
Published: July 2024

Narrated instructional overview video of the proteogenomics informatics resource.
Supplementary Video S2 from Integrating DNA Methylation and Hydroxymethylation Data with the Mint Pipeline
Authors: Cavalcante Raymond G. , Patil Snehal , Park Yongseok , Rozek Laura S. , Sartor Maureen A.
Published: July 2024

This video walks the user through downloading test data, setting up the metadata for a project, and instantiating a project.
Supplementary Video S6 from CrosstalkNet: A Visualization Tool for Differential Co-expression Networks and Communities
Authors: Manem Venkata , Adam George Alexandru , Gruosso Tina , Gigoux Mathieu , Bertos Nicholas , Park Morag , Haibe-Kains Benjamin
Published: July 2024

This video presents on how to upload communities of the co-expression network files, visualize them and download all the interactions in each community in a CSV format.
Supplementary Video S4 from CrosstalkNet: A Visualization Tool for Differential Co-expression Networks and Communities
Authors: Manem Venkata , Adam George Alexandru , Gruosso Tina , Gigoux Mathieu , Bertos Nicholas , Park Morag , Haibe-Kains Benjamin
Published: July 2024

This video presents on how to obtain all paths with a maximum of one hop between any two genes of interest.
Supplementary Video S1 from CrosstalkNet: A Visualization Tool for Differential Co-expression Networks and Communities
Authors: Manem Venkata , Adam George Alexandru , Gruosso Tina , Gigoux Mathieu , Bertos Nicholas , Park Morag , Haibe-Kains Benjamin
Published: July 2024

This video gives an overview of the web-application, CrosstalkNet for exploratory analysis of co-expression networks.
Supplementary Video S2 from dcmqi: An Open Source Library for Standardized Communication of Quantitative Image Analysis Results Using DICOM
Authors: Herz Christian , Fillion-Robin Jean-Christophe , Onken Michael , Riesmeier Jörg , Lasso Andras , Pinter Csaba , Fichtinger Gabor , Pieper Steve , Clunie David , Kikinis Ron , Fedorov Andriy
Published: July 2024

This video guides the viewer over the process of how a segmentation created using ITK-Snap can be converted into a standard DICOM representation using dcmqi.
Data from Integrating DNA Methylation and Hydroxymethylation Data with the Mint Pipeline
Authors: Cavalcante Raymond G. , Patil Snehal , Park Yongseok , Rozek Laura S. , Sartor Maureen A.
Published: July 2024

Abstract
DNA methylation (5mC) plays important roles in mammalian development, oncogenesis, treatment response, and responses to the environment. DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) is also an informative epigenetic mark with distinct roles in regulation and cancer. Gold-standard, widely used technologies (bisulfite conversion, followed by deep sequencing) cannot distinguish between 5mC and 5hmC. Therefore, additional experiments are required to differentiate the two marks, and in silico methods are needed to analyze, integrate, and interpret these data. We developed the Methylation INTegration (mint) pipeline to support the comprehensive analysis of bisulfite conversion and immunoprecipitation-based methylation and hydroxymethylation assays, with additional steps toward integration, visualization, and interpretation. The pipeline is available as both a command line and a Galaxy graphical user interface tool. Both implementations require minimal configuration while remaining flexible to experiment specific needs. Cancer Res; 77(21); e27–30. ©2017 AACR.
Figure 7 from N-Myristoytransferase Inhibition Causes Mitochondrial Iron Overload and Parthanatos in TIM17A-Dependent Aggressive Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Geroyska Sofia , Mejia Isabel , Chan Alfred A. , Navarrete Marian , Pandey Vijaya , Kharpatin Samuel , Noguti Juliana , Wang Feng , Srole Daniel , Chou Tsui-Fen , Wohlschlegel James , Nemeth Elizabeta , Damoiseaux Robert , Shackelford David B. , Lee Delphine J. , Díaz Begoña
Published: July 2024

Dependency on TIM17A is a determinant of NMTi sensitivity in lung carcinoma cells. A, TIM17A immunoblotting in the indicated cells treated with 1 μmol/L PCLX-001 (NMTi) for 72 hours. Numbers, band intensity normalized to actin control. B, Boxplot showing CRISPR DepMap Score for LUAD cells (y-axis) estimated using the Chronos algorithm. Negative values suggest decreased cell viability. (KL/K)MUT (HCC44, H460, and H1792) and (KL/K)WT (H522, H1650, and H1437) lung carcinoma cells used in our study are highlighted. C, TIM17A CRISPR Chronos scores (y-axis) plotted against NMTi IC50 (x-axis; Spearman’s Correlation, P = 0.006, ⍴ = −0.43). Axis scales are log-transformed, and the best-fit line (blue) was calculated using a linear model. Gray shading, standard error of the estimate. H460 was added manually based on our calculated IC50 and the publicly available dependency score. D, Cell viability (crystal violet staining) in (KL/K)MUT H1792 and (KL/K)WT H522 lung carcinoma cells transfected with a TIM17-targeting siRNA pool or a non-targeting control. Bar: average; error bars, SEM. One representative experiment from three independent experiments with similar results. ***, P = 0.0009 (Student t test). Bottom, TIM17A immunoblotting of the samples above. E, Colony assays of (KL/K)MUT H460 and (KL/K)WT H522 expressing Tet-inducible TIM17A or control non-targeting shRNA growing in the presence or absence of Dox. Top, Representative images. Bottom, TIM17A immunoblotting of lysates from the cells used for colony assays. GAPDH, loading control.
Figure 5 from N-Myristoytransferase Inhibition Causes Mitochondrial Iron Overload and Parthanatos in TIM17A-Dependent Aggressive Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Geroyska Sofia , Mejia Isabel , Chan Alfred A. , Navarrete Marian , Pandey Vijaya , Kharpatin Samuel , Noguti Juliana , Wang Feng , Srole Daniel , Chou Tsui-Fen , Wohlschlegel James , Nemeth Elizabeta , Damoiseaux Robert , Shackelford David B. , Lee Delphine J. , Díaz Begoña
Published: July 2024

NMTi treatment activates the DNA damage response and sensitizes (KL/K)MUT lung carcinoma cells to platinum doublet chemotherapy. A, Phospho-H2A.X staining in (KL/K)MUT H460 lung cancer cells treated with 1 μmol/L PCLX-001 (NMTi) or vehicle control for 72 hours. Graph: percentage of p-H2A.X positive cells calculated from at least 400 cells per condition. Crossbar, group mean; error bars, SEM. ***, P < 0.0002 (Student t test). Representative images are shown. Arrowheads, nuclei containing p-H2A.X-positive foci. Bar, 25 μm. B, Phospho-H2A.X staining of H460 xenograft tumor sections from mice treated with 25 mg/kg PCLX-001 or vehicle control. Square, area magnified for each on the right. Arrowhead, nuclei with p-H2A.X positive foci. Bar, 100, 30, and 10 μm in the left, middle, and right columns, respectively. C, Viability test (CCK8) of (KL/K)MUT HCC44 and H1792 cells treated with PCLX-001 (NMTi) in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy. Left, Dose–response of cisplatin in combination with NMTi (50 nmol/L). Middle, Dose–response of pemetrexed in combination with NMTi (50 nmol/L). Right, Dose–response of cisplatin in combination with a single dose of pemetrexed (5 μmol/L) and a single dose of NMTi (125 nmol/L). OD was normalized to vehicle-treated samples. One representative experiment from two independent experiments with the same result is shown. Error bars, SEM. **, P < 0.0001; *, P < 0.0025, two-way ANOVA with the interaction between drug and dose level. All P values are adjusted for multiple testing using the Šídák method.
Figure 3 from N-Myristoytransferase Inhibition Causes Mitochondrial Iron Overload and Parthanatos in TIM17A-Dependent Aggressive Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Geroyska Sofia , Mejia Isabel , Chan Alfred A. , Navarrete Marian , Pandey Vijaya , Kharpatin Samuel , Noguti Juliana , Wang Feng , Srole Daniel , Chou Tsui-Fen , Wohlschlegel James , Nemeth Elizabeta , Damoiseaux Robert , Shackelford David B. , Lee Delphine J. , Díaz Begoña
Published: July 2024

NMT inhibition increases lipid peroxidation and induces caspase-independent cell death in (KL/K)MUT lung carcinoma cells. A, Lipid peroxidation measured using Bodipy 581/591 C11 and flow cytometry in (KL/K)MUT and (KL/K)WT lung carcinoma cells treated with 1 μmol/L DDD85646 (NMTi) or vehicle control (DMSO) for 96 hours. Erastin (10 μmol/L for 24 hours) was used as positive control. Green fluorescence (oxidized probe) was normalized to control DMSO. n = 2 independent experiments. MFI, mean fluorescence intensity. B, Cell viability (Live/dead reagent) was analyzed in (KL/K)MUT cells treated for 72 hours with vehicle control or 1 μmol/L DDD85646 (NMTi) in the presence or absence of 25-μmol/L ZVAD-FMK added freshly every 24 hours. Graph: percentage of dead cells calculated from at least 5,000 cells per condition. Bar, group mean, error bars, SEM. ****, P < 0.0001; ns, not significant (Student t test). Representative images are shown. Bar, 100 μm. C, Cell viability (live/dead reagent) analyzed in (KL/K)MUT cells treated for 72 hours with vehicle control or 1 μmol/L DDD85646 (NMTi) in the presence or absence of the ferroptosis inhibitor liproxstatin (5 and 10 μmol/L). Graph: percentage of dead cells calculated from at least 5,500 cells per condition. Crossbar, group mean; error bars, SEM. *, P < 0.05; ns, not significant (Student t test). Representative images are shown. Bar, 100 μm.
Figure 1 from N-Myristoytransferase Inhibition Causes Mitochondrial Iron Overload and Parthanatos in TIM17A-Dependent Aggressive Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Geroyska Sofia , Mejia Isabel , Chan Alfred A. , Navarrete Marian , Pandey Vijaya , Kharpatin Samuel , Noguti Juliana , Wang Feng , Srole Daniel , Chou Tsui-Fen , Wohlschlegel James , Nemeth Elizabeta , Damoiseaux Robert , Shackelford David B. , Lee Delphine J. , Díaz Begoña
Published: July 2024

Lung carcinoma cells with LKB1 and/or KEAP1 mutations in a KRAS-mutant background are sensitive to myristoylation inhibition. A, NMTi IC50 for lung carcinoma cells with the indicated mutational status were compared. IC50 values for ICL1100013 (DDD85646) were from Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer and mutational profiles from DepMap. **, P = 0.008; *, P = 0.005; ns = not significant (Student t test). Crossbar, median. B, Viability test (CCK8) at 72 hours of PCLX-001 treatment. Optical density (OD) values were normalized to vehicle-treated samples. Error bars, SEM. C, NMT1 immunoblotting on the indicated cells. GAPDH, loading control. D, Relative viability (CCK8) of doxycycline (Dox) treated vs. untreated Tet-inducible NMT1#10 shRNA cells. Blot: NMT1 immunoblotting in cells with or without Dox. GAPDH, loading control. E, Percent change in H460 (KL/K)MUT xenograft tumor volume from mice treated with daily subcutaneous injections of vehicle control or PCLX-001 at dosages of 25 and 50 mg/kg. Treatment was indicated by the colored bars (18 days for the 25 mg/kg group and 10 days for the 50 mg/kg group). **, P = 0.008, one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test.
Síndrome de Burnout em profissionais do serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência (SAMU): estudo transversal
Authors: Silva Alexandre da , Oliveira Gabriela Fernandes de Paiva , Carvalho Paula Afonso Rodrigues de , Andrade Júlio César Oliveira de , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves , Carvalho Matheus Furtado de
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Os profissionais que prestam atendimento direto à população representam um importante grupo de risco para o desenvolvimento da Síndrome de Burnout. Objetivo: Rastrear a prevalência e o perfil dos profissionais atuantes no Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência do Consórcio Intermunicipal de Saúde da Região Sudeste de Minas Gerais que apresentam sinais de esgotamento ocupacional. Material e Métodos: Foram utilizados um questionário para análise das variáveis sociodemográficas/saúde/trabalho destes profissionais e a versão traduzida do Maslach Burnout Inventory. Para comparar proporções entre as variáveis independentes e as variáveis de desfecho foram utilizados o teste Qui-quadrado com correção pelo teste de Fischer. Foram obtidas Odds Ratio brutas e ajustadas por regressão logística. Resultados: 44,7% dos profissionais apresentaram sinais de exaustão emocional. Nesse contexto, destaca-se que as mulheres estão 127% mais exaustas do que homens. A maior exaustão também esteve mais associada ao grupo dos contratados. 42,5% dos profissionais relataram baixa realização profissional. Os concursados estão 25% menos realizados e 57% menos despersonificados em comparação com os contratados. 38,3% dos profissionais demostraram sinais de despersonalização, sendo que os negros possuem 249% mais chances de desenvolver essa condição em comparação com profissionais brancos. Conclusão: A prevalência da síndrome de Burnout na população deste estudo foi de 15,6%. Profissionais com 1 ou 2 filhos possuem 653% mais chances de desenvolver tal condição quando comparados àqueles que não possuem filhos.
Ao vivo do ciberespaço: ou, estava sentado em frente ao computador e esse cara apareceu e pensou que eu era um robô
Authors: Auslander Philip , Molina Junior Jair
Published: July 2024

The popularization of the english word live recently to symbolize the production of real time audiovisual content for the internet has in this article a presentation of its historical trajectory, from the advent of this word published in an English dictionary for the first time in 1934, to the current contextualization of implications of live in the most recent manifestations of a particular digital technology: conversational softwares, known as chatbots. For this reason, we present this translation into portuguese of the essay “Live from cyberspace”, by Philip Auslander, which addresses the implications of these uses for understanding live performance and the crisis surrounding the liveness in relation to digital technologies as an ontological discussion about who performs it.
Entre el ambientalismo y el documental social: la mirada de Alejandro Fernández Mouján sobre Chaco
Authors: Margulis Paola
Published: July 2024

Este artículo se detiene en los primeros films del documentalista argentino Alejandro Fernández Mouján que abordan, en su conjunto, distintas problemáticas de la región de Chaco (Argentina) en un contexto de avance neoliberal. El análisis se detiene en los diálogos que estos films establecen entre sí a partir de la recurrencia de ciertos motivos audiovisuales y del trabajo sobre operaciones de archivo. A la luz de la trayectoria del realizador, este artículo también estudia cómo la búsqueda narrativa en estos films navega entre las formas y las temáticas del cine ambiental, sin alejarse de los lineamientos de la tradición del documental social argentino y latinoamericano.
Shimmer: quando tudo que você ama está sendo destruído
Authors: Mello Priscilla
Published: July 2024

Traducción al portugués del original "Shimmer: When All You Love Is Being Trashed" (2017) de Deborah Bird Rose, publicado en el libro "Arts of Living on a Damaged Planet: Ghosts and Monsters of the Anthropocene" editado por Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing et al., y publicado por Minnesota Press.
A través de sus escritos sobre extinción, ética y filosofía ecológica aborigen, DEBORAH BIRD ROSE es una figura clave en la animación de las humanidades ambientales. Su trabajo, basado en investigaciones a largo plazo con pueblos aborígenes de Australia, se centra en comunidades multiespecies en esta época de cambio climático. Fue profesora del Programa de Humanidades Ambientales de la University of New South Wales, Sydney, y cofundadora de la revista Environmental Humanities. Su libro más reciente fue “Wild Dog Dreaming: Love and Extinction” (2011). Deborah Bird Rose falleció el 21 de diciembre de 2018 en Sydney, Australia.
Interdição da infância e vigilância na vida de crianças palestinas e o projeto colonial de Israel
Authors: ODEH MUNA
Published: July 2024

The Zionist settler colonial project of Israel encompasses all of historic Palestine and the ongoing genocide in Gaza is the most blatant form of the continued ethnic cleansing of the Palestinian people and their replacement by Israeli Jews. This work focuses on the city of Occupied East Jerusalem, pointing to the intensification of colonial practices imposed on the daily life of the Palestinian population whose goals are ethnic cleansing and Judaization of the city. From an experience I had in January 2024 I discuss an account of the colonial practices of 'unchilding', and surveillance imposed on the daily life, the mundane, of a Palestinian adolescent. Opposing this project is the 'Sumud', a term that synthesizes the (r)existence and resistance of the Palestinian people in response to colonial techniques that intend their erasure and expulsion from their land.
Clusters of Regional Precipitation Seasonality Change in the Community Earth System Model, Version 2
Authors: Swenson Leif M. , Ullrich Paul A.
Published: July 2024

The likely changes to precipitation seasonality with warming are both impactful and not well understood. This work aims to describe areas that experience similar changes to seasonal precipitation irrespective of the original underlying precipitation seasonality. We train a self-organizing map on the difference between the seasonal cycle of precipitation in the past and in a high-warming future climate as represented by the Community Earth System Model, version 2, to create regions with similar changes in precipitation seasonality. This method is applied separately over land and ocean surfaces because of the differing processes leading to precipitation over each. This method indicates that future changes in seasonal precipitation are most varied in the tropics because of a southward shift in the intertropical convergence zone. The seasonal shifts found over midlatitude oceans indicate a poleward shift in atmospheric river activity. We find a correspondence between certain land-based precipitation changes and Köppen climate classification. The seasonality of large-scale and convective precipitation is examined for each region. The relationship between the seasonal changes to precipitation and associated atmospheric processes is discussed. These processes include atmospheric rivers, the intertropical convergence zone, tropical cyclones, and monsoons.
Disrupting Niceness in Literacy Teacher Education: Non-Linear Trajectories Toward Culturally Relevant Pedagogy
Authors: Tondreau Amy , Gardiner Wendy L. , Hinman Tierney B. , Dussling Tess M. , Stevens Elizabeth Y. , White Kristen L. , Wilson Nance S.
Published: July 2024

Many teacher educators seek to implement culturally relevant pedagogy (CRP) in their courses. However, enactment is often mediated by our socialization into whiteness and niceness. This study investigates how our self-study community of practice (SSCoP) of eight White female literacy teacher educators at different institutions collaborated to narrow the gap between our aspirations for implementing CRP and enacted practice. Through analysis of collaborative journal entries, we interpret tensions between what niceness and whiteness demand of us and what enactment of CRP requires: (a) between centering equity in our courses and addressing equity on the margins, (b) between enactment of critical pedagogy and maintaining status as “nice” educators, and (c) between the expectation of expertise and the necessity of a learning stance. We argue that teacher educators might use SSCoP spaces to navigate the complex interplay between their identities and the sociopolitical context of teacher education to more fully enact CRP.
Comparison of bone mineral density between female amateur triathletes and nonathletes: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Cruz Correa Netto Soares Guilherme , Barbosa Junior José Geraldo Gomes , Seffrin Aldo , Vivan Lavínia , Rosa de Freitas João Victor , Costa Gustavo De Conti Teixeita , de Lira Claudio André Barbosa B , Vancini Rodrigo Luiz , Weiss Katja , Knechtle Beat , Andrade Marilia Santos
Published: July 2024

Purpose:

Physical inactivity is considered an important risk factor for osteoporosis, however, some athletes performing extremely high training volumes can also develop bone mass loss. Moreover, the effect of total body mass or body surface area on bone mineral density remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the absolute bone mineral density and bone mineral density adjusted to body surface area between amateur triathletes and nonactive women.

Methods:

Forty-two healthy women (23 amateur triathletes and 19 nonactive individuals) were evaluated for body composition using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry system.

Results:

Compared to nonactive women, amateur triathletes exhibited lower body mass index ( p < 0.001), lower bone mineral density ( p < 0.001), and body surface area ( p < 0.001). However, bone mineral density adjusted by body surface area in the triathletes was higher than in the nonactive women ( p = 0.03).

Conclusion:

These findings showed that amateur triathles presented lower absolute bone mineral density, but higher bone mineral density adjusted to body surface area. Future studies are recommended to identify if the higher bone mineral density adjusted to body surface area are associated with a lower bone fragility.
The Effect of Additives on Microcellular PVC Foams: Part 1 - Effect on Processing and Microstructure
Authors: Holl M.R. , Ma M. , Kumar V. , Kwapisz R.R.
Published: July 2024

The effect of the presence of commonly used additives on the processing and structure of microcellular PVC foams was investigated. It was found that the presence of additives leads to a polydisperse cell structure with large variations in cell sizes. The solubility of carbon dioxide in the additives and in the lubricants was found to be lower than in the PVC matrix. The presence of additives showed no adverse effect on the overall foam growth dynamics. It appears that target reductions in density of PVC can be achieved at lower processing temperatures when additives and processing aids are present.
From choosing sides to changing minds: A taxonomy of behavioral responses to social network disapproval of one’s romantic relationship and evidence for the importance of commitment
Authors: Sigler Kirby N , Forest Amanda L
Published: July 2024

Social network approval of romantic relationships positively predicts relational satisfaction, commitment, and stability; social network disapproval of one’s romantic relationship (SND-RR) may pose a threat to relationships. How do people navigate this threat? We sought to develop a taxonomy of behavioral responses to SND-RR and to examine whether commitment to one’s romantic partner or to a disapprover predicts these responses. In three studies, using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and correlational and experimental methods, we identified seven categories of behavioral responses that people employ in the face of SND-RR (distance from partner, draw closer to partner, distance from disapprover, draw closer to disapprover, elude disapproval, address disapproval, and ignore disapproval). Across studies, commitment to a romantic partner and/or disapprover predicted participants’ endorsement of behavioral responses. These findings lay the foundation for work considering how people might constructively navigate SND-RR.
Making the hard sale: Migrant sales agents and the precarious labours of Philippine real estate brokerage
Authors: Banta Vanessa L
Published: July 2024

In recent years, scholars have taken interest in the significant remittance contributions of Filipinos living and working abroad to what some have called the Philippine ‘real estate boom’. In the case of real estate property as investment, however, much remains unknown with regards to how major Philippine real estate developers capture, facilitate and ensure the continuous flow of migrant investments into condominium units in the Philippines. This article examines how Philippine real estate developers make use of a particular kind of sales labour to reach various Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) populations. It argues that most major developers rely on a hierarchical, networked and transnationalized labour arrangement, composed mainly of licensed and unlicensed sales agents. Drawing from interviews with sales agents working in and between the cities of Metro Manila and Dubai, it then complicates dominant depictions of real estate sales agents by demonstrating the precarious conditions they work under as well as how this flexible labour arrangement often works in two ways. First, this article demonstrates that through their sales labour, specific Filipino migrant community dynamics such as community leadership, charity and other migrant ‘life projects’ such as investments, side hustles and debt get absorbed into the very circuitry of real estate accumulation. Second, through sales agents’ recruitment of OFW ‘marketing partners’, Philippine real estate developers are able to enter and expand into spaces of migrant advocacy and of migrant in/formal work to enrol OFWs either as potential investors, as labour or both.
Violence Risk or Writing Quality? Predicting Relief Outcomes from Protective Order Narratives
Authors: Hardesty Jennifer L. , Park So Young , Maniotes Christopher R. , Akinbode Tanitoluwa D. , Chen Hannah , Ogolsky Brian G.
Published: July 2024

Civil orders of protection (OPs) are the only victim-initiated legal intervention for intimate partner violence. The OP process is unique because victims write a narrative account of abuse to inform judges’ decision-making. Historically, feminist scholars have considered OPs as empowering to victims, as they can signal strength-based change and requesting needed relief. OPs also serve as an important tool for some mothers who need temporary protection related to child custody and visitation. Studies of OP narratives have found that content related to future risk is associated with securing an OP, including allegations of physical and severe violence, suggesting that OPs provide needed protection. At the same time, the OP process is disempowering for some women. The content and quality of survivors’ OP narratives vary greatly, and studies have found that well-written accounts are positively associated with securing OPs, uncovering the potential influence of judges’ implicit biases. This study used logistic regression to explore how violence risk and writing quality related to the receipt of emergency OPs in a sample of 90 petitions filed by women with minor children in a large Midwest County. As expected, violence severity was positively associated with securing an OP, controlling for the mention of other cases/orders and legal representation. However, the association was no longer significant when writing quality was considered; specifically, greater readability was associated with being granted an OP. Linear structure and appearance of narratives were not related to OP outcomes. Findings underscore the ongoing need to explore how the written narrative requirement of the OP process (dis)empowers survivors and the role implicit biases may play in judicial decision-making in civil OP proceedings.
Dynamic power matching for wheel loader based on power reflux hydrodynamic transmission system
Authors: Kan Yingzhe , Xie Shuangyi , Yin Qin , Jiang Wei , Yang Min , Qian Run
Published: July 2024

The power reflux hydrodynamic transmission system (PRHTS) has the advantages of flexible transmission, low-speed torque multiplication, adaptive adjustment of speed ratio to external load, and improved torque converter (TC) transmission efficiency. Therefore, it is highly suitable for wheel loaders. Wheel loaders usually work in harsh environments with complex and changing working conditions, and static power matching makes it challenging to fully utilize wheel loaders’ performance. In response to the above issues, this paper proposes a dynamic power matching optimization design method for PRHTS with capacity adjustment gear (CAG) based on wheel loader. The optimization design method obtains data through V-shaped working condition experiments of the wheel loader, and conducts clustering analysis on the data to obtain high-frequency kinematic segments and their characteristic parameters. On this basis, combined with the analysis of the working principle of PRHTS, the system structural parameters are optimized and designed. Compared with static power matching, the dynamic power matching optimization design method increases the average traction force by 4.9 kN, improves the transmission efficiency by 2.6%, reduces the average fuel consumption rate by 3.66 g (kW·h)−1, and reduces the fuel consumption per V-cycle by 27.7 ml in V-shaped working conditions.
Introduction of one-view tomosynthesis in population-based mammography screening: Impact on detection rate, interval cancer rate and false-positive rate
Authors: Vilmun Bolette Mikela , Napolitano George , Lillholm Martin , Winkel Rikke Rass , Lynge Elsebeth , Nielsen Mads , Nielsen Michael Bachmann , Carlsen Jonathan Frederik , von Euler-Chelpin My , Vejborg Ilse
Published: July 2024

Objective

To assess performance endpoints of a combination of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and full-field digital mammography (FFDM) compared with FFDM only in breast cancer screening.

Materials and methods

This was a prospective population-based screening study, including eligible (50–69 years) women attending the Capital Region Mammography Screening Program in Denmark. All attending women were offered FFDM. A subgroup was consecutively allocated to a screening room with DBT. All FFDM and DBT underwent independent double reading, and all women were followed up for 2 years after screening date or until next screening date, whichever came first.

Results

6353 DBT + FFDM and 395 835 FFDM were included in the analysis and were undertaken in 196 267 women in the period from 1 November 2012 to 12 December 2018. Addition of DBT increased sensitivity: 89.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 81.0–95.5) for DBT + FFDM and 70.1% (95% CI: 68.6–71.6) for FFDM only, p < 0.001. Specificity remained similar: 98.2% (95% CI: 97.9–98.5) for DBT + FFDM and 98.3% (95% CI: 98.2–98.3) for FFDM only, p = 0.9. Screen-detected cancer rate increased statistically significantly: 11.18/1000 for DBT + FFDM and 6.49/1000 for FFDM only, p < 0.001. False-positive rate was unchanged: 1.75% for DBT + FFDM and 1.73% for FFDM only, p = 0.9. Positive predictive value for recall was 39.0% (95% CI: 31.9–46.5) for DBT + FFDM and 27.3% (95% CI: 26.4–28.2), for FFDM only, p < 0.0005. The interval cancer rate decreased: 1.26/1000 for DBT + FFDM and 2.76/1000 for FFDM only, p = 0.02.

Conclusion

DBT + FFDM yielded a statistically significant increase in cancer detection and program sensitivity.
Pedagogical Conditions of the Ethnic Component in the Contents of an Institution of Higher Education
Authors: Malikova Gulsara , Meirmanov Assylbek
Published: July 2024

The objective is the scientific and theoretical basis of the pedagogical conditions of the ethnic component in the contents of a higher education institution and the identification of the effectiveness of its implementation. The article conducts a theoretical and methodological analysis of the theory under study, reveals the essence of the concept of “ethnic component in the contents of a higher education institution”, defines approaches, pedagogical conditions for the formation of an ethnic component in the contents of an institution of higher education, and presents a set of principles for its structuring. An experiment was carried out regarding the pedagogical conditions of the ethnic component in the contents of higher education. The results depicted the stages of formation and development of the ethnic component, the history of Kazakh education and the leading trends in current global practice are characterised.
Practice Analysis: Developing a Content Outline for the Child Abuse Pediatrics Certification Exam
Authors: Hoeve Karen B. , Melville John D. , Dwyer Andrew C. , Ham Kendra K.
Published: July 2024

The examination by which physicians achieve board certification in CAP should reflect the knowledge and skills required of the modern practitioner. The American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) assembled a 12-member volunteer panel of practicing child abuse pediatricians to conduct a practice analysis. In the first phase of the project, the panel identified and documented the practice domains, tasks, knowledge, and skills required for clinical practice. During the second phase, the panel organized testable knowledge areas into content domains and subdomains and updated the ABP CAP content outline. Feedback on the revised outline was requested from all ABP board-certified child abuse pediatricians via an online survey and results from the survey informed final revisions to the outline.
In vitro compatibility of admixture solutions of 5-fluorouracil and khapzory (disodium levofolinate) in a single infusion bag
Authors: Saeed Hayder
Published: July 2024

Introduction

First-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer typically involves a fluoropyrimidine, like 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), along with a folate agent, levoleucovorin. However, calcium-based levoleucovorin with 5-FU necessitates sequential infusion due to incompatibility, leading to calcium carbonate precipitation and potential IV catheter occlusion. In contrast, sodium-based levoleucovorin (disodium levoleucovorin-Khapzory) exhibits higher solubility in the low pH environment of 5-FU, enabling combination within a single IV bag for simultaneous infusion. This study aims to assess the safety of combining different concentrations of disodium levoleucovorin with 5-FU to create a single IV admixture bag or single pump Y-site, without risk of precipitate formation and catheter occlusion.

Methods

Compatibility of admixture 5-FU and disodium levoleucovorin in a 0.9% sodium chloride IV bag was evaluated, focussing on clarity (suspension, precipitation, and haziness). Particulate matter analysis was conducted at 25°C/60% relative humidity, for 29 samples at five timepoints. Defined pass criteria included a minimum of 6000 particles ≥10 µm per container and 600 particles ≥25 µm.

Results

All prepared concentrations remained clear for up to 72 h with no observed suspension, precipitation or haziness at any concentration or time point.

Conclusions

Combining 5-FU and disodium levoleucovorin in admixture IV bags eliminates the risk of catheter occlusion associated with calcium-based levoleucovorin formulations. This approach offers a more favorable operational and safety profile, enhancing convenience for patients and cost-efficiency for institutions.
Concomitant use of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists with azole antifungals in patients with hematological malignancies
Authors: Mehta Purav , Ngo Dat , Tinajero Jose
Published: July 2024

Objective

Small molecule calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists such as rimegepant, ubrogepant, and atogepant have been approved for migraine treatment and/or prevention. These molecules are metabolized by cytochrome P-450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes in vivo, hence they are contraindicated or recommended to be avoided in combination with strong/moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors, namely posaconazole (strong) and isavuconazonium (moderate). However, no literature has been published on the impact this interaction has on patient safety and tolerability. In this case series, we report five cases in which CGRP antagonists and azole antifungal therapy were given concurrently, to provide real-world outcomes of this interaction.

Data sources

Electronic medical records at our hospital system were reviewed between January 2021 and December 2023 to find patients who met the criteria of hematological malignancy, taking CGRP-antagonist and azole antifungal therapy. Records were then further investigated to find cases where CGRP antagonists and azole antifungals were used concomitantly.

Data summary

Concurrent use of CGRP antagonists and azole antifungal therapy was feasible for patients with migraines and hematological malignancies. None of the patients experienced any grade 3 or higher non-hematological toxicity from the proposed over-exposure to CGRP antagonist. The combination was well tolerated without any need for therapy discontinuation or dose modifications.

Conclusions

It is recommended to follow the manufacturers' guidance on drug interactions, however, in the setting where there are no other options, concomitant use of CGRP antagonists with azole antifungals is possible with monitoring and observation for adverse effects.
The effect of examining somatic alterations with NGS in patients with solid tumors, on patient management: A single-center experience in Turkey
Authors: Arak Hacı , Sahinoğlu Bahtiyar , KUS Tulay
Published: July 2024

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the impact of analyzing somatic alterations using next-generation sequencing (NGS) on treatment management in patients with metastatic solid cancers and their ability to access NGS recommended treatments.

Methods

This retrospective study included eligible patients who underwent NGS on somatic tumor tissue. We examined the clinical and pathological characteristics of these patients and the alterations in their treatment following NGS results.

Results

A total of 101 patients who underwent NGS were included in the study. The most common cancers were non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), colorectal, and breast cancers, in that order. The median age was 58 (range 21–82) years, with 60 (59.4%) male participants. The median NGS turnaround time was 23 (range 17–29) days. NGS was performed on tissue from the primary lesion in 89(88%) patients. Predictive, prognostic, actionable, or variants of unknown significance were detected in 62(61.4%) patients. The most frequent variants identified were KRAS, EGFR, TP53, PIK3CA, and other rare mutations. Treatment was altered in 17(16.8%) patients based on NGS results. Of the 30 (29.7%) patients for whom NGS-informed treatment was recommended, only seven (6.9%) received the recommended therapy. There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between patients whose treatment was changed based on NGS results and those whose treatment remained unchanged (p = 0.897). There was no difference in OS between patients with and without variants (p = 0.384).

Conclusions

NGS analysis of somatic alterations in patients with metastatic cancer may reveal additional variants beyond those identified by baseline tests. However, based on the recommendations of the reimbursement institution in Turkey, only a limited number of patients are able to access treatments recommended by NGS results. Therefore, baseline tests established in Turkey need to be made available in more centers in an appropriate time.