bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Säkular – mehr als „nichtreligiös“?
Authors: Kalbheim Boris , Ziebertz Hans-Georg
Published: June 2017

There is hardly an autonomous description of those who do not belong to a religious denomination and who don't regard themselves as religious in a traditional way. The terms “non-denominational” and “non-religious” implicate a dissociation from the historically traditional concept of religion, but they do not offer any alternative ideological communalities. This article discusses the option of a “secular worldview” and investigates whether religious and non-religious respondents differ in their attitudes on selected human rights – and if so, to what extent. The empirical study (N=2244) shows that human rights are supported by all young people, athough in some cases with differing emphases. In basic terms, we can discern a common worldview or ‘Weltanschauung’ of secular respondents. This is recognizable as an approval of the intrinsic value of the Other as well as a recognition of norms set by public society.
Effect on Cs removal of solid-phase metal oxidation in metal ferrocyanides
Authors: Lee Keun-Young , Kim Jimin , Oh Maengkyo , Lee Eil-Hee , Kim Kwang-Wook , Chung Dong-Yong , Moon Jei-Kwon
Published: June 2017

Metal ferrocyanides (MFCs) have been studied for many years and are regarded as efficient adsorbents for the selective removal of radioactive cesium (Cs) from contaminated aqueous solutions. Although their efficiency has been demonstrated, various investigations on the physicochemical, thermal, and radiological stability of the solids of MFCs are required to enhance the applicability of MFCs in the treatment process. We observed that the Cs adsorption efficiencies of cobalt and nickel ferrocyanides decreased as their aging period increased, while the Cs adsorption efficiencies of copper and zinc ferrocyanides did not decrease. The tendencies of these ferrocyanides were accelerated by exposure of the solids at a higher temperature for a longer time. Our comprehensive analyses demonstrated that only the oxidizable metals in the MFCs can be oxidized by aging time and increasing temperature; also, this affects the Cs removal efficiency by decreasing the exchangeable sites in the solids. The chemical stability of MFCs is very important for the optimization of the synthesis and storage conditions.
Differential regulation of monocarboxylate transporter 8 expression in thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism
Authors: Badziong Julia , Ting Saskia , Synoracki Sarah , Tiedje Vera , Brix Klaudia , Brabant Georg , Moeller Lars Christian , Schmid Kurt Werner , Fuhrer Dagmar , Zwanziger Denise
Published: June 2017

Objective

Thyroid hormone (TH) transporters are expressed in thyrocytes and most play a role in TH release. We asked whether expression of the monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) and the L-type amino acid transporters LAT2 and LAT4 is changed with thyrocyte dedifferentiation and in hyperfunctioning thyroid tissues.

Design and methods

Protein expression and localization of transporters was determined by immunohistochemistry in human thyroid specimen including normal thyroid tissue (NT, n = 19), follicular adenoma (FA, n = 44), follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC, n = 45), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC, n = 40), anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC, n = 40) and Graves’ disease (GD, n = 50) by calculating the ‘hybrid’ (H) score. Regulation of transporter expression was investigated in the rat follicular thyroid cell line PCCL3 under basal and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) conditions.

Results

MCT8 and LAT4 were localized at the plasma membrane, while LAT2 transporter showed cytoplasmic localization. MCT8 expression was downregulated in benign and malignant thyroid tumours as compared to NT. In contrast, significant upregulation of MCT8, LAT2 and LAT4 was found in GD. Furthermore, a stronger expression of MCT8 was demonstrated in PCCL3 cells after TSH stimulation.

Conclusions

Downregulation of MCT8 in thyroid cancers qualifies MCT8 as a marker of thyroid differentiation. The more variable expression of LATs in distinct thyroid malignancies may be linked with other transporter properties relevant to altered metabolism in cancer cells, i.e. amino acid transport. Consistent upregulation of MCT8 in GD is in line with increased TH release in hyperthyroidism, an assumption supported by our in vitro results showing TSH-dependent upregulation of MCT8.
Triiodothyroacetic acid in health and disease
Authors: Groeneweg Stefan , Peeters Robin P , Visser Theo J , Visser W Edward
Published: June 2017

Thyroid hormone (TH) is crucial for development and metabolism of many tissues. The physiological relevance and therapeutic potential of TH analogs have gained attention in the field for many years. In particular, the relevance and use of 3,3′,5-triiodothyroacetic acid (Triac, TA3) has been explored over the last decades. Although TA3closely resembles the bioactive hormone T3, differences in transmembrane transport and receptor isoform-specific transcriptional activation potency exist. For these reasons, the application of TA3as a treatment for resistance to TH (RTH) syndromes, especially MCT8 deficiency, is topic of ongoing research. This review is a summary of all currently available literature about the formation, metabolism, action and therapeutic applications of TA3.
Origin of a rapidly evolving homeostatic control system programming testis function
Authors: Bu Pengli , Yagi Shintaro , Shiota Kunio , Alam S M Khorshed , Vivian Jay L , Wolfe Michael W , Rumi M A Karim , Chakraborty Damayanti , Kubota Kaiyu , Dhakal Pramod , Soares Michael J
Published: June 2017

Mammals share common strategies for regulating reproduction, including a conserved hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis; yet, individual species exhibit differences in reproductive performance. In this report, we describe the discovery of a species-restricted homeostatic control system programming testis growth and function.Prl3c1is a member of the prolactin gene family and its protein product (PLP-J) was discovered as a uterine cytokine contributing to the establishment of pregnancy. We utilized mouse mutagenesis ofPrl3c1and revealed its involvement in the regulation of the male reproductive axis. ThePrl3c1-null male reproductive phenotype was characterized by testiculomegaly and hyperandrogenism. The larger testes in thePrl3c1-null mice were associated with an expansion of the Leydig cell compartment.Prl3c1locus is a template for two transcripts (Prl3c1-v1andPrl3c1-v2) expressed in a tissue-specific pattern.Prl3c1-v1is expressed in uterine decidua, whilePrl3c1-v2is expressed in Leydig cells of the testis. 5′RACE, chromatin immunoprecipitation and DNA methylation analyses were used to define cell-specific promoter usage and alternative transcript expression. We examined thePrl3c1locus in five murid rodents and showed that the testicular transcript and encoded protein are the result of a recent retrotransposition event at theMus musculus Prl3c1locus.Prl3c1-v1encodes PLP-J V1 andPrl3c1-v2encodes PLP-J V2. Each protein exhibits distinct intracellular targeting and actions. PLP-J V2 possesses Leydig cell-static actions consistent with thePrl3c1-null testicular phenotype. Analysis of the biology of thePrl3c1gene has provided insight into a previously unappreciated homeostatic setpoint control system programming testicular growth and function.
Evolving Mistranslating tRNAs Through a Phenotypically Ambivalent Intermediate inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Berg Matthew D , Hoffman Kyle S , Genereaux Julie , Mian Safee , Trussler Ryan S , Haniford David B , O’Donoghue Patrick , Brandl Christopher J
Published: June 2017

It is increasingly apparent that the genetic code is not static and that organisms use variations in the genetic code for selective advantage. Berg...

The genetic code converts information from nucleic acid into protein. The genetic code was thought to be immutable, yet many examples in nature indicate that variations to the code provide a selective advantage. We used a sensitive selection system involving suppression of a deleterious allele (tti2-L187P) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to detect mistranslation and identify mechanisms that allow genetic code evolution. Though tRNASer containing a proline anticodon (UGG) is toxic, using our selection system we identified four tRNASer  UGG variants, each with a single mutation, that mistranslate at a tolerable level. Mistranslating tRNALeu  UGG variants were also obtained, demonstrating the generality of the approach. We characterized two of the tRNASer  UGG variants. One contained a G26A mutation, which reduced cell growth to 70% of the wild-type rate, induced a heat shock response, and was lost in the absence of selection. The reduced toxicity of tRNASer  UGG-G26A is likely through increased turnover of the tRNA, as lack of methylation at G26 leads to degradation via the rapid tRNA decay pathway. The second tRNASer  UGG variant, with a G9A mutation, had minimal effect on cell growth, was relatively stable in cells, and gave rise to less of a heat shock response. In vitro, the G9A mutation decreases aminoacylation and affects folding of the tRNA. Notably, the G26A and G9A mutations were phenotypically neutral in the context of an otherwise wild-type tRNASer. These experiments reveal a model for genetic code evolution in which tRNA anticodon mutations and mistranslation evolve through phenotypically ambivalent intermediates that reduce tRNA function.
Pharmacological Inhibition of the DNA Damage Checkpoint Prevents Radiation-Induced Oocyte Death
Authors: Rinaldi Vera D , Hsieh Kristin , Munroe Robert , Bolcun-Filas Ewelina , Schimenti John C
Published: June 2017

Ovarian function is directly correlated with survival of the primordial follicle reserve. Women diagnosed with cancer have a primary imperative of treating the cancer, but since the resting oocytes are hypersensitive to the DNA-damaging modalities of certain chemo- and radiotherapeutic regimens, such patients face the collateral outcome of premature loss of fertility and ovarian endocrine function. Current options for fertility preservation primarily include the collection and cryopreservation of oocytes or in vitro-fertilized oocytes, but this necessitates a delay in cancer treatment and additional assisted reproductive technology procedures. Here, we evaluated the potential of pharmacological preservation of ovarian function by inhibiting a key element of the oocyte DNA damage checkpoint response, checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2; CHEK2). Whereas nonlethal doses of ionizing radiation (IR) eradicate immature oocytes in wild-type mice, irradiated Chk2−/− mice retain their oocytes and, thus, fertility. Using an ovarian culture system, we show that transient administration of the CHK2 inhibitor 2-(4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamide-hydrate (“CHK2iII”) blocked activation of the CHK2 targets TRP53 and TRP63 in response to sterilizing doses of IR, and preserved oocyte viability. After transfer into sterilized host females, these ovaries proved functional and readily yielded normal offspring. These results provide experimental evidence that chemical inhibition of CHK2 is a potentially effective treatment for preserving the fertility and ovarian endocrine function of women exposed to DNA-damaging cancer therapies such as IR.
Continuous-Flow Hydrogenation of 4-Phenylpyridine to 4-Phenylpiperidine with Integrated Product Isolation Using a CO2 Switchable System
Authors: Barwinski Bernhard , Migowski Pedro , Gallou Fabrice , Franciò Giancarlo , Leitner Walter
Published: June 2017

A process comprising a continuous-flow hydrogenation reaction integrated with selective water-organic solvent biphasic extraction using CO2 as molecular switch to control partitioning was devised for the synthesis of arylpiperidines from arylpyridines. The selective hydrogenation of 4-phenylpyridine using heterogeneous carbon-supported metal catalysts was chosen as model reaction. A design-of-experiment approach was used for the identification of suitable reaction conditions under continuous-flow operation. A maximum selectivity for 4-phenylpiperidine of 96% was achieved at 87% conversion suppressing the deep hydrogenation to 4-cyclohexylpiperidine almost completely (≤5%). The higher basicity of piperidines over pyridines was exploited for selective and reversible protonation of the product upon pressurization with CO2 separating it quantitatively from the remaining starting material in a water-EtOAc biphasic system. This concept enabled a fully integrated and a salt-free synthetic process using a standard Pd/C catalyst for the hydrogenation coupled with the CO2-triggered isolation of the desired product 4-phenylpiperidine in 81% yield and 98% purity.
Search for New High-κ Dielectrics by Combinatorial Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Xia Bin , Smith Ryan , Chen Fang , Campbell Stephen A. , Gladfelter Wayne L.
Published: June 2017

To develop a high-κ gate dielectric for replacing SiO2 in MOSFETs, multi-component metal oxides could have advantages over single metal oxides because they may offer higher dielectric constants (κ's) as well as other favorable properties. To find the film composition for obtaining a good dielectric from the given component oxides is a time-consuming and costly process for multi-component systems. Recently, we reported a combinatorial chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique to deposit compositional spreads of ternary metal-oxides for high-κ dielectrics. In this work, compositional spreads of ZrO2, TiO2, SnO2 and HfO2 were deposited using anhydrous metal nitrates. By measuring chemical composition, film thickness, and electrical properties, we are able to map κ and establish its dependence on film composition. This high-throughput deposition technique allows us to generate a compositional library quickly for screening material properties. In addition, a crystalline phase which does not exist in any of the four pure oxides, α-PbO2, was detected.
Rock Museum, Budapest, Hungary
Authors: Barna Emília
Published: June 2017

Rock Museum, Budapest, Hungary
Pierre Hecker. 2012. Turkish Metal: Music, Meaning, and Morality in a Muslim Society
Authors: Barone Stefano
Published: June 2017

Pierre Hecker. 2012. Turkish Metal: Music, Meaning, and Morality in a Muslim Society. Farnham: Ashgate. 240pp. ISBN 978-1-40943-8-489 (hbk)
“I’m Not a Juvenile Delinquent”
Authors: Baker David , Istvandity Lauren
Published: June 2017

The jukebox musical, a format of youth-oriented film based on performances of well known rock’n’roll artists, found considerable popularity in the late 1950s. In response to the commercial rise of youth-oriented popular music, jukebox musicals modulated the ways in which they portrayed rock’n’roll and its perceived social and moral effects on the young. This article concentrates on the most intense period of this activity, 1956–59, in which we describe filmic narratives as moving through classic, transitional and secure phases. Select films of US production companies are thematically analysed to reveal the evolution of rock’n’roll narratives using two key tropes for rock being a threat to youth wellbeing as well as a catalyst for good citizenship. This article demonstrates the tension between a developing youth music market, social values and filmic representation during this significant period of popular music history.
Prof. dr hab. Benignus Józef Wanat OCD jako propagator kultu św. Rafała Kalinowskiego
Authors: Praśkiewicz Szczepan T.
Published: June 2017

Artykuł przedstawia zaangażowanie śp. prof. dr. hab. Benignusa Józefa Wanata OCD w szerzenie kultu św. Rafała Kalinowskiego (1835–1907), powstańca styczniowego i katorżnika Sybiru, później karmelity bosego, odnowiciela zakonu na ziemiach polskich, który jako pierwszy karmelita bosy, po św. Janie od Krzyża, dostąpił w Kościele chwały ołtarzy przez kanonizację. Ojciec Wanat był twórcą kaplicy i muzeum św. Rafała w klasztorze karmelitów bosych w Czernej koło Krakowa z okazji jego beatyfikacji w 1983 roku. Z kolei z okazji kanonizacji św. Rafała w 1991 roku, będąc przełożonym prowincjalnym, o. Wanat opublikował jego biogram w dzienniku watykańskim „L’Osservatore Romano”, współpracował z artystami wykonującymi podobizny świętego oraz skierował do polskich karmelitów bosych list okólny, prezentując życie i duchowość św. Rafała, nazwanego „Nową Gwiazdą Karmelu”.Autor artykułu czerpie wiedzę z publikacji oraz z autopsji, znając wiele szczegółów dotyczących przedmiotowej sprawy jako naoczny świadek.
Analogia ad legendum. Funkcja znaczeniowa, użytkowa i kompozycyjna dwóch ambon w kościele oo. Dominikanów w Lublinie
Authors: Kluz Paulina
Published: June 2017

W kościele dominikanów w Lublinie odnajdujemy nietypowy przykład znajdujących się we wnętrzu sakralnym dwóch ambon usytuowanych vis-à-vis na łuku tęczowym. Są one dziełem rzeźbiarza Sebastiana Zeisla, który wraz z warsztatem w latach ok. 1756–1761 wykonał rokokowe wyposażenie dla tej świątyni. Rzeźbiarska dekoracja ambon buduje odniesienia do ich funkcji kaznodziejskiej, jak również do duchowości dominikańskiej. Rozwiązanie to formalnie wydaje się zainspirowane modelem kompozycyjnym ambona–antyambona, który był wynikiem rozwinięcia posoborowej koncepcji symetrycznej (kulisowej) organizacji wnętrza sakralnego. Jego znajomość przez wykonawcę mogła być wynikiem inspiracji lokalnej (np. kościółem św. Anny w Lubartowie) bądź wcześniejszego środkowoeuropejskiego doświadczenia artysty, w tym jego edukacji odbytej prawdopodobnie w kręgu artystów wiedeńskich. Jednak budowa dwóch dominikańskich ambon, spośród których obie były użytkowane (żadna z nich nie jest pozorna), świadczy o tym, że prócz kompozycyjnej pełniły również inne funkcje. Wydaje się, że na ich powstanie miały wpływ indywidualne potrzeby lubelskiego zakonu dominikanów, przede wszystkim praktyka kaznodziejska. Dotychczasowy stan wiedzy pozwala domniemywać, że budowa dwóch ambon ma związek z ich rolą podczas liturgii, a mianowicie prowadzeniem kazań polemicznych przez Braci Kaznodziejów w Lublinie.
Medal na pamiątkę wręczenia papieżowi Innocentemu XI sztandarów tureckich zdobytych pod Parkanami, autorstwa Giovanniego Martino Hameraniego z 1684 roku. Uwagi ikonograficzne
Authors: Rokita Jan Gustaw
Published: June 2017

Autor artykułu opisuje szczegółowo cztery zabytki z epoki mające związek z opisywanym medalem. Autor zauważa, iż mamy w tym wypadku do czynienia unikatowym artefaktem pochodzącym z epoki Sobieskiego, który ponad wszelką wątpliwość został odwzorowany przez medaliera na krążku. Przypuszczać należy, iż przebywający w interesującym nas okresie w Rzymie Giovanni Martino Hamerani miał możliwość osobiście studiować wspomnianą chorągiew turecką typu zulfikarowego lub korzystał z wcześniejszej grafiki, której autor ze szczegółami skopiował wygląd tureckiego trofeum. Niemniej wartym podkreślenia pozostaje sam fakt, iż wzmiankowany obiekt zachował się do dnia dzisiejszego w zbiorach Zamku Królewskiego na Wawelu w Krakowie. Niewątpliwe w pełni świadoma decyzja dysponenta, którego zlecenie wykonywał medalier, podyktowana była przede wszystkim względami propagandowymi. Potencjalny odbiorca po pobieżnym nawet kontakcie z medalem nie mógł mieć wątpliwości, iż przeciwnik turecki zagrażający nie tylko Wiedniowi, lecz również całemu kontynentowi europejskiemu został pokonany podczas bitew pod Wiedniem i Parkanami. Zaś świadectwem triumfu militarnego stały się porzucone przez ewakuującego się wroga chrześcijaństwa znaki wojskowe.
Kościół bernardynów w Rzeszowie. Mistagogia przestrzeni prowadzącej do wnętrza świątyni
Authors: Ryba Grażyna
Published: June 2017

W latach 1610–1629 z fundacji Mikołaja Spytka Ligęzy wzniesiono w Rzeszowie na miejscu objawień Matki Boskiej kościół, nad którym opiekę powierzono bernardynom. W związku z jubileuszem 500-lecia owych objawień, przypadającym w 2013 roku, w kościele dokonano szeregu prac renowacyjnych. W kruchcie, która zajmuje dolną kondygnację wieży, na osi na wprost prezbiterium odkryto wejście, zamurowane prawdopodobnie wkrótce po wybudowaniu kościoła, i przebito je ponownie, zgodnie z pierwotnym założeniem. Pomieszczenie kruchty w przyziemiu wieży zajmuje przestrzeń na planie zbliżonym do kwadratu, przykrytą sklepieniem krzyżowym. W każdej ścianie znajduje się otwór wejściowy wypełniający wnękę w grubości muru zamkniętą łukiem odcinkowym. Dwie pary dwuskrzydłowych drzwi z brązu, obustronnie rzeźbionych, prowadzą do wnętrza kruchty z zewnątrz, natomiast kolejne drzwi, również pokryte dekoracją rzeźbiarską, oddzielają to pomieszczenie od nawy. Ich częściowe przeszklenie sprawia, że w kształt pola obrazowego zostaje wpisane całe wnętrze bogatej, manierystyczno-barokowej budowli, tworząc przestrzenny układ scenograficzny, rozwijający się w głąb, aż do tabernakulum i ołtarza głównego w prezbiterium. Z natury rzeczy ruchomy układ skrzydeł pozwala tworzyć zmienne konfiguracje o zróżnicowanym przesłaniu, rozwijającym się w czasie i przestrzeni. Obrazy z historii lokalnego objawienia i postaci miejscowych świętych poprzez przedstawienia i cytaty biblijne stopniowo prowadzą widza do tajemnicy wcielenia. Przestrzeń kruchty, łącząca umiejętnie przekaz ikonograficzny z symboliką i ekspresją formy (m.in. symbolika światła i symbolika materiału) stanowi znaczący element, a zarazem metaforę wtajemniczenia mistagogicznego, dokonującego się podczas przekraczania granicy pomiędzy profanum a sacrum.
The stonemasonry centre in Dębnik under the management of the discalced Carmelites in Czerna
Authors: Skrabski Józef
Published: June 2017

One of the most famous centers of stonemasons’ settlement in Poland is located in a small village Dębnik near Krakow, which from 1628 years belonged to the Monastery of the Discalced Carmelites in Czerna. Carmelites dealt with the administration, leasing stone mines, obtaining stonmasons and acquiring customers. The text examines the history of the stonemasons’ settlement under the management of the Discalced Carmelites from the beginning of the seventeenth century until 1953, the administration of craft workshops, management and relations between religious and stonemasons in different historical periods.
The role of monastic embroidery workshops in the formation of the early modern Polish embroidery
Authors: Stanilewicz Karolina
Published: June 2017

The article presents the state of research and the research problems concerning the early modern Polish embroidery and the role of the monastic workshops in its formation. Embroidery was one of the regular occupation in the female congregations. Nuns embroidered for their churches, as well as they took the orders from outside – from male congregations, the higher clergy and the secular customers. Their importance has increased in the 17th century, and in the 18th century nearly all convents dealt with this craft. The preserved embroideries reflect the general stylish trends prevailing in the handicrafts, but they are characterized by greater conservatism. Their level is very varied, from perfect works to very weak and inept ones. Nuns rarely prepared themselves patterns for embroideries, more often they used the services of craftsmen or they were repeating the proven solutions. They certainly used the embroidery pattern books. An important inspiration for them were also patterns of fabrics. While the floral motifs showed high proficiency, in less common figural presentations we often see much incompetence. Vestments decorated with the elaborate symbolic representations are distinguished among them. At this stage of research it seems that the monastic workshops have had a major impact on the prosperity of embroidery in the Republic of Poland and that along with the guilds they developed a certain style and taste. Preserved objects are waiting for being catalogued and for insightful research that let us connect more of them with definite workshops.
Arcabas’s paintings in the Shrine of Our Lady of La Salette
Authors: Szweda Piotr
Published: June 2017

Acting under the nickname Arcabas, Jean-Marie Pirot is a contemporary French religious painter, totally unknown in Poland. Arcabas’s artistic output is enormous, albeit difficult to catalogue. Today his works can be admired in many churches in France, in other locations across Europe, as well as in North and South America, or even in distant Japan. Our article presents a synthesis of the artistic path of Arcabas as a versatile painter who likes to influence human senses by colours while looking for harmony and beauty as God’s humble follower. In his works he transfers biblical scenes to canvas, transforming them into visual art. Moreover, we analysed six Arcabas’s paintings exhibited in the cradle of the congregation of Missionaries of Our Lady of La Salette, i.e. in the shrine of Our Lady of La Salette in France: The Wedding at Cana, Mouring at Calvary, Christ Pantocrator, The Symbols of Five Evangelists, Crowned Madonna with Child Jesus, La Salette – the Encounter. The artist’s smooth transitions from the literal to the abstract, and even combining both in a single work cause Arcabas’s works to be greeted with enthusiasm on the one hand, but criticized on the other. Jean-Marie Pirot’s art is far from clear or easy to absorb; it is rather challenging and ambiguous. It holds a mystery that intrigues, invites and encourages us to look deeper. It contains strong links to traditional Christian art, both eastern and western. The painter is not satisfied with merely becoming part of the long tradition and being inspired by themes from the repertoire of the past. He is not a slave to traditional figurative art, although his works do contain references to this tradition; instead, he demonstrates his creativity, always coming up with something new. In addition, Arcabas’s output demonstrates exceptional freedom in intertwining the sacred with the profane, sometimes suggesting that the very division should be rejected. His works, including those displayed in the shrine in La Salette, raise many questions, and provoke deep thoughts and many feelings, ranging from negative to positive. It should be emphasized that Arcabas’s paintings in the shrine of Our Lady of La Salette are not kitsch, but exemplify brilliant art of the 20th century.
The Krakow church and Bl. Bernardyna Jabłońska in the years 1896–1940
Authors: Urban Jacek
Published: June 2017

100 years ago died St. Brother Albert Chmielowski. 75 years ago died Bl. Sister Bernardina Jabłońska. We are thus commemorating two important anniversaries. They are important for the Albertine family, for Albertine Brothers and Sisters; they are significant for the history of mercy. Krakow was the place where the Blessed used to work; the city that is particularly entitled to commemorate them. St. Brother Albert died during the First World War (1916), Mother Bernardina at the beginning of the Second World War (1940). The article discussed the life and work of Mother Bernardina Jabłońska in Krakow from the perspective of Krakow Prince-Bishop Adam Stefan Sapieha, his collaborators, as well as secular clergy and regular clergy. Bernardina arrived in Krakow in 1896 as an 18-year old candidate for monastic life. Six years later, in 1902, 24-year old Bernardina became Superior General of the Albertine Sisters and in this role she continued to perform her duties until her death. The article opens with a sentence saying that “the entire Krakow” walked behind Mother Bernardina’s coffin at her funeral in 1940. The author attempts to make it clear who followed Bernardina’s coffin, who felt connected with her, who by the death of Bl. Mother Bernardina became part of the Albertine works of mercy. After St. Brother Albert’s death, Mother Bernardina took a number of decisions, e.g. sought to obtain a decree to approve the Albertine order as a monastic congregation in diocesan law, which was granted in 1926, decisions in matters of monastic formation, decision on the relocation of the order’s Main House from Kazimierz to Czerwony Prądnik, or on setting up further shelters in Poland. The establishments were open to everyone, regardless of age, religion or nationality. The author attempted to present at least selected signs of cooperation between the clergy (particularly Krakow clergy) and Mother Bernardina in her outstanding work.
Repertuar zespołów chóralnych – z perspektywy dyrygenta
Authors: Siedlik Włodzimierz
Published: June 2017

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BRAF Mutations as Predictive Biomarker for Response to Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: van Brummelen Emilie M. J. , de Boer Anthonius , Beijnen Jos H. , Schellens Jan H. M.
Published: June 2017

Recently, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) recommended that patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer could be treated with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) cetuximab and panitumumab only in absence of Rat-Sarcoma (RAS) mutations. In addition to the previously established biomarker Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) exon 2, cumulative evidence also shows that patients whose tumors harbor KRAS exons 3 or 4 and neuroblastoma rat-sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) exons 2, 3, and 4 mutations are found unlikely to benefit from anti-EGFR treatment.

In line with the resistance of RAS mutated (mt) tumors, treatment response in BRAFmt tumors may also be altered given their important role in the EGFR signaling pathway. However, BRAF is not recommended as predictive biomarker yet because the evidence for the impact of BRAF mutations on treatment outcome is considered insufficient.

This article summarizes the evidence for the impact of BRAF mutations on treatment outcome of anti-EGFR mAbs. Based on a review of literature, eight meta-analyses were included that consistently show that patients with BRAF mutations have a lack of treatment benefit of anti-EGFR mAbs. After discussing the quality and quantity of available evidence, we conclude that evidence is stronger than suggested by ESMO and ASCO. Additionally, we highlight that the quality of evidence for BRAF is even higher than for extended RAS as a biomarker. We therefore advise ESMO and ASCO to reconsider BRAF status as a predictive biomarker for response.
Recycled ceramic fine aggregate for masonry mortar production
Authors: Evangelista Ana Catarina Jorge , Tam Vivian W. Y. , Santos Jorge
Published: June 2017

Construction and demolition waste is composed of fragments of ceramic tiles, steel, wood, plaster, glass, concrete and mortar. Reduction and reuse of this waste can minimise the consumption of natural resources and energy in the construction industry. In addition, high population growth followed by a large housing deficit in many countries highlights the need to obtain low-cost and technically viable building materials. Experimental results of the mechanical and physical characterisation of ceramic waste fragments obtained from the renovation of the Construction Materials Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil are presented. This material was crushed and sieved to produce recycled fine aggregate and the influence of recycled fine aggregate on the production of masonry mortars was investigated. Five levels of sand replacement by ceramic waste were investigated (0, 20, 30, 50 and 100%). The properties of the fresh mortar were mostly influenced by the absorption, shape, texture and density of the recycled fine aggregate. The mixture with 50% sand replacement (by weight) resulted in an increase of 23% and 10% in compressive strength and split tensile strength, respectively.
PRESENTACION
Authors: Admin Admin
Published: June 2017

Presentacion
CONTENIDO
Authors: Admin Admin
Published: June 2017

Contenido
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE FACTORES NO MONETARIOS ASOCIADOS A LAS PYMES DEL SECTOR CONFECCIONES QUE AFECTAN SU INGRESO A MERCADOS INTERNACIONALES
Authors: Fábregas Rodado Carlos Jesús
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo es resultado de una investigación, cuyo objetivo fue la de identificar factores de naturaleza no monetaria asociados las Pymes del sector Confecciones a Mercados Internacionales. Se consideró, como enfoque de investigación la metodología cuantitativa y método descriptivo. La técnica de investigación para el levantamiento de la información fue la encuesta, realizada por medio de instrumentos de recolección de datos, aplicados a una muestra de 31 empresas. Entre otros hallazgos se observó en la muestra la ausencia de desarrollos innovadores de modelos de gestión empresarial como el clúster, asociaciones, y cadenas de suministros. Se concluye en este trabajo sobre las cuestiones relacionadas con la competitividad y que para el éxito de las exportaciones es necesario llevar a cabo estudios de monitoreo sobre los indicadores de competitividad que los empresarios consideraron como elementos clave para el sector de la confección. AbstractThis article is the result of a research, whose aim was to identify non-monetary factors associated with Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (PYMES) of the Garments sector that affect its entry to International Markets. Thequantitative methodology and the descriptive methodwere used as the research approach; and a survey was the research technique used to gather information, applied to a sample of 31 enterprises. The findings show that the sample has lack of innovative developments for models of business management, such as the cluster, associations and supply chains. It is concluded, in relation to competitiveness, that for the exports success it is necessary to carry out monitoring studies on competitiveness indicators, considered by business people as key elements for the Garments sector.
ESTRATEGIAS UTILIZADAS POR LAS EMPRESAS CONSTRUCTORAS EN SINCELEJO PARA TENER VENTAJAS COMPETITIVAS
Authors: Yemail Barragan􀀍 Alfredo Carlos
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo es de revisión bibliográfica, tiene como objetivo mostrar las estrategias que utilizan las empresas de la construcción, en la ciudad de Sincelejo (Sucre, Colombia), para la generación de ventaja competitiva. Para ello, se consultaron, aproximadamente, 60 fuentes secundarias entre Journals, revistas científicas indexadas, y libros físicos y electrónicos de diferentes autores e investigaciones relativos a la temática planteada. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis, obteniéndose como resultado las diferentes estrategias utilizadas por las empresas del sector de la construcción, para lograr ventaja competitiva. ABSTRACTThis article of bibliographical review aimed to show the strategies used in the construction companies in the city of Sincelejo, (Sucre), Colombia, in order to gain competitive advantage. To achieve this purpose, 60 secondary sources of indexed scientific journals were consulted, as well as physical and electronic books of different authors and research projects with regard to the aforementioned subjectmatter. A further analysis was conducted obtaining as a result of this review, the different strategies used by the companies of the construction sector togain competitive advantage.
The Relationship between Courts and the Other Arms of Government in Promoting and Protecting Socio-economic Rights in South Africa: What About Separation of Powers?
Authors: Davis Justice Denis
Published: June 2017

The model of constitutional democracy which is envisaged in the 1996 text of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (the Constitution) has been described as promoting  'a thick' conception of democracy.  It is concerned with the empowerment of all citizens to participate in decisions that are crucial to the outcome of their life choices. At its most basic promise, the Constitution promotes a model of participatory democracy, by creating a series of representative institutions and enabling participation in decision making, both inside and outside of these institutions. Expressed differently, the Constitution promotes both participation through regular elections and enshrines a principle of accountability in terms of which government can be held accountable for particular aspects of its policy, particularly those which fail to pass constitutional muster.  That leads to the second component of the model which introduces a substantive set of guarantees to ensure participation. The idea is that various institutions of State should work to promote and to vindicate basis democratic principles which are directed to accountable control of decision making and substantive political equality between citizens.
Vox Populi? Vox Humbug! - Rising Tension between the South African Executive and Judiciary Considered in Historical Context: Part One
Authors: Hulme David , Peté Stephen
Published: June 2017

This article takes as its starting point a controversy which has arisen around a proposed assessment by the South African government of the decisions of the Constitutional Court, giving rise to concerns that this will constitute undue interference with the independence of the judiciary. Part One of this article traces and analyses the developing controversy. It then compares the current clash between the South African Executive and Judiciary to a similar clash which took place in seventeenth century England, between King James I and Chief Justice Edward Coke. Such clashes appear to be fairly common, particularly in young democracies in which democratic institutions are yet to be properly consolidated. Although not immediately apparent, the similarities between the situation which existed in seventeenth England at the time of James I and that in present-day South Africa are instructive. In tracing the development of these two clashes between the executive and judiciary, Part One of this article lays the foundation for a more in-depth comparison in Part Two.
Cave Pecuniam: Lawyers as Launderers
Authors: Hamman Abraham
Published: June 2017

The attorney’s trust account is an enticing prospect for criminals seeking ways to launder money acquired illegally, and the attorney whose trust account is abused in this way stands to be branded and punished as a money launderer.  The overall aim of the article is to identify the dangers which money launderers pose to attorneys and to highlight the need for vigilance in the face of these dangers.  It analyses the anti-money laundering reporting obligations imposed on attorneys by the Financial Intelligence Centre Act and considers impact of these obligations upon the attorney-client relationship.  Some of the ways in which a law practice may become implicated in the placement, layering and integration stages of the money laundering process are discussed, and cases which deal with attorneys’ involvement in money laundering schemes are presented.
Some Comments on the Scheme of Arrangement as an "Affected Transaction" as Defined in the Companies Act 71 of 2008
Authors: Luiz Stephanie M
Published: June 2017

A scheme of arrangement involving a regulated company and its shareholders is defined as an "affected transaction" in the Companies Act 71 of 2008. Although scheme of arrangements, which can be used to achieve a takeover of a company, are a common occurrence, the Act provides no definition of such schemes. The importance of knowing what actually constitutes a scheme of arrangement becomes apparent when it is noted that section 121 of the Actprovides that any person making an offer which if accepted would result in an affected transaction is obliged to comply with all the relevant reporting and approval requirements in the Act, as well as the Takeover Regulations, unless the Takeover Regulation Panel has granted an exemption. Giving effect to an affected transaction is prohibited, unless the Panel has issued a compliance certificate or granted an exemption. The article comments generally on the definition of a scheme of arrangement as an affected transaction, highlighting the elements of a scheme of arrangement. Specific consideration is given to transactions which include a re-acquisition by the company of its own previously issued securities and when such a re-acquisition on its own would be considered to be a scheme of arrangement and an affected transaction. Comment on the obligation to appoint an independent expert to report on the scheme and the relevance, if any, of the solvency and liquidity of the company embarking on a scheme of arrangement is included. Finally, consideration is given to the need to have a scheme of arrangement approved by a special resolution and the potential exclusion of certain voting rights. The article exposes a number of difficulties with the interpretation of the applicable provisions and suggests that these need to be revisited by the legislature for clarification.
An Analysis of the Dispute Settlement Mechanism under the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008
Authors: Mupangavanhu Yeukai
Published: June 2017

This article critically analyses the provisions of the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008, which deals with the enforcement of consumer rights. The Act provides for various forums where consumers can seek redress in cases where their rights have been infringed, impaired or threatened. The article demonstrates that the consumer redress mechanism is an essential component of the Act. However, it argues that having various forums to do so may pose practical challenges, as this may cause confusion and may lead to forum-shopping in cases where an aggrieved consumer has to choose the appropriate forum to seek redress. It is proposed that section 52 should be amended and that section 69 should be purposively and narrowly interpreted to ensure that the consumer protection institutions are exhausted before approaching the ordinary courts.
The Influence of the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 on the Common Law Warranty Against Eviction: A Comparative Overview
Authors: Barnard Jacolien
Published: June 2017

The implementation of the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 (CPA) has great implications for the South African common law of sale. In this contribution the influence of the CPA on the seller’s common law duty to warrant the buyer against eviction is investigated. Upon evaluation of the relevant provisions of the CPA, the legal position in the United Kingdom – specifically the provisions of the Sales of Goods Act of 1979 – is investigated.
African-Style Mediation and Western-Style Divorce and Family Mediation: Reflections for the South African Context
Authors: Boniface Amanda
Published: June 2017

Both Western-styled mediation and African-styled mediation are practised in South Africa. Each of these models is applied in specific social contexts. In this article a brief explanation of what is meant by the term divorce and family mediation is provided.  Thereafter the principles and processes of both Western-styled divorce and family mediation and African-styled group mediation are explored. Attention is given to the roles of mediators in both of these models as well as the ubuntu-styled values found in African group mediation. In Africa, there is a tradition of family neighbourhood negotiation facilitated by elders and an attitude of togetherness in the spirit of humanhood. Both of these show a commitment to the community concerned and a comprehensive view of life. In Africa conflicts are viewed as non-isolated events and are viewed in their social contexts. Not only are consequences for the disputing parties taken into account but also consequences for others in their families. These methods can be found in present-day methods, which are either used independently of imported Western structures or used alternatively to such structures. In this article the concept of mediation circles, as currently found in Western-styled mediation are also covered. Additionally, the provisions of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005 referring to mediation as well as the provisions of the Child Justice Act 75 of 2008 and family group conferencing in the realm of restorative justice in South Africa are  critiqued. It is suggested that divorce and family mediation can learn from the principles of restorative justice applied during family group conferencing as well as from African-styled group mediation.
Termination-of-Pregnancy Rights and Foetal Interests in Continued Existence in South Africa: The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act 92 of 1996
Authors: Pickles Camilla
Published: June 2017

The aim of this article is to demonstrate that, although South Africa has permissive termination-of-pregnancy legislation, to the extent that women can terminate first- and second-trimester pregnancies on demand and for socio-economic reasons, foetal interests are in fact taken into account. The system of female reproductive rights progressively shelters foetal interests, albeit to a limited extent. South Africa is in the process of successfully balancing the conflicting notions of female reproductive rights and foetal interests. The article discusses the "right to terminate a pregnancy" with reference to the Constitution, the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act 92 of 1996 and relevant case law.

 

On the topic of foetal interests, the article looks at the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act as legislative recognition of foetal interests since a woman's right to terminate her pregnancy is progressively limited as the pregnancy advances beyond the second trimester. The value of dignity justifies the recognition of foetal interests. Further, accepting that the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act limitedly protects foetal interests based on the value of dignity, the article questions why South Africa permits elective second trimester termination of pregnancies? Research indicates a need for second trimester terminations and the article discusses the position of a number of women seeking second trimester terminations.

 

The article draws to an end by looking at the case of S v Mshumpa as an example of the balancing process that is needed when dealing with female reproductive rights and foetal interests. This article demonstrates the constitutional setting of women's termination-of-pregnancy rights on the one hand, and foetal interests on the other. Further, it illustrates that these conflicting positions, rather than being deepened, are in fact balanced by legislation and relevant case law.
Mootness and the Approach to Costs Awards in Constitutional Litigation: A Review of Christian Roberts V Minister of Social Development Case No 32838/05 (2010) (TPD)
Authors: Heleba Siyambonga
Published: June 2017

After nearly three years of waiting, the North Gauteng High Court (then the Pretoria High Court) finally handed down judgment in March 2010 in the case of Christian Roberts v Minister of Social Development.[1] The case was a constitutional challenge to section 10 of the Social Assistance Act 13 of 2004 and the relevant Regulations, which set the age for accessing an old age grant at 60 for women and 65 for men. After the hearing the High Court had reserved judgment. Pending judgment the government had amended the legislation in dispute so that the pensionable age for the purposes of accessing a social grant would be equalised over time. Despite the change in legislation, the High Court found against the applicants and punished them with a costs order.   

*      Siyambonga Heleba. LLB (UWC), LLM (UU), Adv Cert (AAU) Dip (UJ). Lecturer, Faculty of Law, University of Johannesburg. Email: scheleba@uj.ac.za. This case note is based on a the paper presented at the Law Teachers Conference on 18 January 2011, at the University of Stellenbosch. The author is indebted to the two anonymous referees for their valuable comments on an earlier draft of this note. All mistakes are mine.

[1]     Christian Roberts v Minister of Social Development Unreported Case No 32838/05 (2010) (TPD). The author attended the two-day hearing of the case in September 2007, in his capacity as a researcher at the Community Law Centre, of the University of the Western Cape, and an amicus in the case.
The Future of African Customary Law by Fenrich J, Galizzi P and Higgins TE (eds)
Authors: Moosa Najma
Published: June 2017

This book is very timely and succeeds admirably in its aim to be a valuable contribution to and lens through which to view African customary law. The authors of the various chapters, and especially the editors, are to be commended for compiling an academic work that will serve as an overdue and essential text for graduate and post-graduate students, lecturers and persons generally interested in understanding African customary law. Indeed, it encourages the offering of an advanced course in comparative African law and is comprehensive enough to serve as a primary handbook for such a course.