bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Judicialização da Saúde em Minas Gerais: Saúde e democracia versus separação de poderes
Authors: Menezes Natália Baldessar , Menezes Baldessar
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho pretende analisar o fenômeno da judicialização da saúde quanto à determinação judicial de fornecimento de medicamentos. A fim de avaliar a validade da interferência do poder Judiciário nas políticas públicas de saúde, buscou-se interpretar os valores constitucionais da igualdade, democracia e separação de poderes. Para tanto amparamo-nos na doutrina de Bickel e de Post e Siegel. A pesquisa jurisprudencial oriundas de comarcas com desigualdades sociais mais acentuadas do estado de Minas Gerais assumiu importante papel neste estudo.
I diritti fondamentali sociali a prestazioni e ivincolidibilancio della Costituzione brasiliana
Authors: Giacomet Pezzi Alexandra Cristina
Published: March 2018

Foi, por longo tempo, questionada a fundamentalidade dos direitos sociais. A discussão está superada, seja no Brasil, seja na Itália. No ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, são os direitos sociais formal e materialmente constitucionais; dotados de aplicabilidade imediata e, ainda - no caso da saúde e da educação -, protegidos por vínculos orçamentários. Portanto, aos direitos sociais não podem ser recusadas exigibilidade e justiciabilidade, muito embora se reconheça que a sua concretização é bem mais complexa que a das demais categorias.
Fundações Públicas e o Aperfeiçoamento da Gestão Municipal
Authors: Fernandes Elaine Antunes , Nabarreto Rodrigo Lopes
Published: March 2018

O aumento da população e as atuais condições econômicas obrigam uma urgente revisão na forma pela qual os recursos públicos estão sendo geridos. Neste cenário, os Municípios possuem uma importante tarefa, haja vista as competências constitucionalmente estabelecidas. Por outro lado, nota-se que as fundações públicas, muito pouco exploradas pelas municipalidades, podem contribuir significativamente para uma melhoria na gestão. Objetivando alcançar a excelência, planejou-se a realização deste trabalho. Por intermédio de uma pesquisa quantitativa foi analisado o uso da fundação pública pelas capitais de Estados Brasileiros. Os dados colhidos revelaram a subutilização dessa figura. Por fim, como resultado da pesquisa, que se utilizou do método hipotético dedutivo, foi proposta a instituição de uma fundação pública municipal com objeto distinto do utilizado até os dias de hoje. Concluiu-se que a administração pública possui instrumentos jurídicos para alcançar a excelência administrativa no que se refere às suas atribuições.
Limites do Poder de Polícia da Administração Pública
Authors: Menezes Felipe Barbosa de
Published: March 2018

O presente trabalho tem a finalidade de realizar uma análise dos limites do poder de polícia exercido pela Administração Pública em face do particular, no momento em que restringe direitos e liberdades individuais em prol do interesse público. Com o presente estudo, restarão esclarecidas as principais formas de limitação da polícia administrativa, notadamente no que tange aos direitos fundamentais dos indivíduos, aos elementos ou pressupostos do ato administrativo e aos princípios constitucionais da legalidade, razoabilidade e proporcionalidade.
Sociedade, Fragmentação e Políticas Públicas Municipais
Authors: De Lima Márcia Rosa , Oliveira Cristiane Catarina Fagundes de
Published: March 2018

O Poder Executivo no Município elabora as políticas públicas dirigidas à sociedade local, que exige participação nos conselhos municipais. O fundamento da participação por meio dos conselhos municipais está na Constituição, no princípio da subsidiariedade e na ideia de fragmentação.
DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA JURÍDICA: ANÁLISE CRÍTICA
Authors: Albergaria Neto Jason Soares de , Pessoa Betânia Faria e
Published: March 2018

Busca-se demonstrar neste breve ensaio, a evolução pela qual perpassou o direito privado brasileiro, sobretudo trabalhando a questão dos microssistemas jurídicos e da noção de constitucionalização do direito civil visto sob a ótica dos princípios e garantias fundamentais da Constituição Federal de 1988. O marco teórico utilizado é a obra “Da estrutura à função” de Norberto Bobbio. Mais do que mero esforço acadêmico, trata-se de realçar a mudança de paradigma, com institutos clássicos remoldados para atender a novos ditames sociais e políticos que se consubstanciaram na ruptura jurídica promovida pelo Estado Democrático de Direito no Brasil.
A REPARAÇÃO EXTRAPATRIMONIAL DA PESSOA JURÍDICA DE DIREITO PÚBLICO
Authors: Pinto dos Santos Deborah Pereira
Published: March 2018

No presente trabalho objetiva-se abordar os direitos fundamentais nas relações jurídicas privadas, dando especial enfoque aos direitos fundamentais da pessoa jurídica de direito público. Apesar de restrita, concebe-se a possibilidade de a pessoa jurídica de direito público titularizar direitos da fundamentais, sendo somente aqueles direitos que sejam compatíveis com a sua natureza peculiar, além de relacionados aos seus próprios fins. Contudo a atribuição de titularidade de direitos fundamentais às pessoas jurídicas de direito público não significa que elas também tenham direitos da personalidade, tendo em vista que eles são baseados na cláusula geral de tutela da pessoa humana. Nada obstante, deve ser garantida a tutela de interesses não patrimoniais da pessoa jurídica de direito público, que encontra fundamento na probidade administrativa, permitindo o seu ressarcimento extrapatrimonial, quando caracterizada a improbidade administrativa, independentemente de comprovação de qualquer lesão material.
DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS E DEMOCRACIA DELIBERATIVA
Authors: Iribure Júnior Hamilton Da Cunha
Published: March 2018

O presente artigo aborda a questão da democracia deliberativa frente aos direitos fundamentais. O campo de estudo se situa no Direito Público, com abordagem específica no Direito Constitucional. O objetivo da abordagem é analisar algumas das principais questões relacionadas à democracia deliberativa frente à ordem constitucional vigente e as restrições impostas pelos direitos fundamentais. Estes se formam, historicamente, a partir de um contexto de lutas e narrativas de dominações, formando parâmetros que limitam a atuação estatal quando do trato com o indivíduo. Os pactos sociais registrados pelas Cartas Políticas democráticas inserem em seu bojo tais direitos, costumeiramente associados a certas garantias fundamentais. Para tanto, o presente artigo emprega o método de análise documental, pelo procedimento de inferência dedutiva. Uma das conclusões alcançadas é a de que o modelo de democracia participativa, esta baseada na soberania popular, enfrenta restrições ditadas pelo sistema constitucional com lastro nos direitos e garantias fundamentais.
A CONDENAÇÃO DO BRASIL NO CASO GOMES LUND VS BRASIL E O CONTROLE DE CONVENCIONALIDADE DA LEI DA ANISTIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Carolina Machado Cyrillo da
Published: March 2018

O presente trabalho visa analisar a decisão da Corte Intermericana de direitos humanos no caso da guerrilha do Araguaia onde o Brasil foi condenado por violação dos direitos humanos por não revogar a lei de Anistia e a relação dessa decisão com a do Supremo Tribunal Federal do Brasil, que julgou constitucional a mesma lei de anistia brasileira.
BENEFÍCIOS FISCAIS NOS TRIBUTOS MUNICIPAIS: DISCUSSÃO SOBRE CASOS CONTROVERTIDOS
Authors: Taborda Maren Guimarães , Oliveira Cristiane Catarina Fagundes de
Published: March 2018

Este paper é focado nos benefícios fiscais para impostos locais, baseado na ideia das três dimensões do Direito, com análise mais detalhada da dimensão da eficácia relativa à aplicação da lei. O objetivo é examinar três casos já encerrados (ou não) pelos Tribunais, envolvendo o Município de Porto Alegre, utilizando a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica e análise de casos. Considera-se que não basta a existência de um direito, mas, no contexto social e administrativo atual, a forma com que será utilizada e aplicada.
CONTRATAÇAO DE MÃO DE OBRA TERCERIZADA PELA ADMINISTRAÇAO PÚBLICA E ATUAÇÃO DE STAKEHOLDERS PARA A MANUTENÇÃO DOS PRINCÍPIOS DA EFICIÊNCIA E ECONOMICIDADE SOB A ANÁLISE ECONÔMICA DO DIREITO
Authors: Prestes Tânia Ferreira , Coulon Fabiano Koff
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho em por objetivo discutir os custos de transação envolvidos num processo licitatório para a futura contratação de fornecimento de mão de obra terceirizada pela Administração Pública. Assim, com base nos estudos em AED, serão abordados elementos tais como os stakeholders Estado e fornecedor, as incertezas numa transação e a assimetria de informações num contrato para serviços de mão de obra terceirizada em órgãos públicos, oriundo de pregão eletrônico. Tais discussões devem-se ao fato recorrente de as empresas sumirem e deixaram os encargos trabalhistas por conta do órgão público que a contratou, para evitar inchaço de sua própria folha de pagamento, mas que, ao final, acaba sendo responsabilizado pelos direitos trabalhistas daquelas pessoas estranhas, tratadas como pessoal terceirizado, sendo questionado se os princípios da eficiência e da economicidade se sustentam no quadro apresentado.
Journal of Biomedical Analytics - An Introduction
Authors: Raheem Enayetur
Published: March 2018

Journal of Biomedical Analytics is a peer-reviewed open access electronic journal in biostatistics, public health, and biomedical sciences. The journal publishes original contributions in novel applications of statistical methods and insightful visualization techniques for making sense of data.
Penggunaan Algoritma Kriptografi Steganografi Least Significant Bit Untuk Pengamanan Pesan Teks dan Data Video
Authors: Gunawan Indra
Published: March 2018

Some areas that are still discussed from a computer science research for a data security is the use of LSB steganography (Least Significant Bit) cryptography algorithm. Delivery of text and video data without being equipped with a security system from the LSB steganography algorithm can eliminate messages to be inserted into the video. The use of the LSB steganography algorithm can improve the security of messages to be sliced and sent to the recipients of messages. This analysis aims to improve text and video security by inserting text into video, then shuffling video so that the video can not be seen.
SYEKH AHMAD KHATIB MINANGKABAU DAN POLEMIK TAREKAT NAQSYABANDIYAH DI NUSANTARA
Authors: Ilyas Ahmad Fauzi
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Artikel ini menggambarkan biografi intelektual Sheikh Ahmad Khatib minangkabau, seorang ulama kehaliran Indonesia namun menghabiskan sebagian besar karir intelektualnya di Makkah pada penghujung abad ke 19 hingga awal abad ke 20 dan kemudian menganalisis responnya terhadap polemik mengenai Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah di Indonesia. Sheikh Ahmad penting dikaji mengingat pengaruhnya yang besar di kalangan Muslim Indonesia. Berbeda dengan beberapa pendapat, kajian ini menemukan bahwa karya-karya Syekh Ahmad menunjukkan persetujuannya dengan Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah, kecuali dalam lima amaliah. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi studi Islam di Nusantara.
 
Kata Kunci: Ahmad Khatib Minangkabau, Tarekat, Naqsyabandiyah, Nusantara
 
Abstract: Syekh Ahmad Khatib Minangkabau and Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah Polemic in Indonesia Archipelago. This article describes the intellectual biography of Sheikh Ahmad Khatib Minangkabau, an Indonesian born scholar but spent most of his career in Mecca from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th and examines his response to the Naqsyabandiah congregation in Indonesia archipelago. Sheikh Ahmad deserves to be studied, considering his significant influence among Muslims of the region.  In contrary with some belief, this study reveals that Sheikh Ahmad’s works indicate that he was in the opinion that Naqsyabandiyah was in line with orthodox Islam, with the exception of five amaliyah. This study is expected contribute to the study of Islam in Indonesia archipelago.
 
Keywords: Ahmad Khatib Minangkabau, Tarekat, Naqsyabandiyah, Indonesia archipelago.
ARAH LEGISLASI HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF INTERAKSI AGAMA DAN NEGARA
Authors: Zaki M
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Dalam mereformasi hukum di Indonesia, Islamisasi hukum nasional masih menjadi pilihan utama dibanding melakukan nasionalisasi, formalisasi, dan lokalisasi hukum Islam. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengungkap bagaimana hubungan agama dan negara berpengaruh pada arah legislasi hukum Islam di Indonesia. Melalui pendekatan kajian literatur, disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh tersebut umumnya merefleksikan tampilan formalitas semata. Hampir semua negara dengan sistem hukum berbasis agama atau berlatar belakang keagamaan pun bersentuhan dengan sekularisasi hukum. Demikian halnya negara-negara sekular, adopsi unsur agama menjadi pilihan dan semakin memperlihatkan signifikansinya sebagai kebutuhan dunia global. Di Indonesia, paradigma relasi simbiosis agama-negara masih akan mengawal politik hukum nasional yang memberi tempat peran syariah substantif mewarnai potret legislasi hukum Islam.

Abstract: Direction of Islamic Law Legislation in Indonesia in the Perspectives of Religion and State Interaction. In the process of legal reform in Indonesia, the Islamization of national law has still become primary option instead of nationalization, formalization and localization of Islamic law. This paper aims to unveil the extent to which the influence of interaction between religion and state on legislation of Islamic law in Indonesia. By means of literature review approach, it is concluded that such influence generally reflects a mere formality. Almost all countries with religious based legal systems or religious background was involved in the secularization of law. Similarly in most secular countries, the adoption of the religious element has become as an alternative and demonstrated its growing significance as a global exigencies. In Indonesia, the symbiotic paradigm of religion- state relations still give an avenue for the role of sharia substantive legislation within diversity portrait of Islamic law.

Kata Kunci: hukum Islam, interaksi agama dan negara, legislasi, Indonesia
PEMIKIRAN POLITIK ISLAM MUHAMMAD ‘ABID AL-JABIRI: Telaah terhadap Buku al-‘Aql al-Siyâsi al-‘Arabî: Muhaddidâtuh wa Tajalliyâtuh
Authors: Aziz Jamal Abdul
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Sistem politik di dunia Arab modern yang umumnya dikesankan sebagai otoriter dan despotis, menarik perhatian al-Jabiri untuk menelaah akar permasalah- annya. Ia telah melakukan penelaahan secara jeli dan kemudian menemukan akar permasalahannya. Menurutnya, ada tiga hal mendasar dalam nalar politik bawah sadar masyarakat Arab yang memengaruhi realitas sistem politik dunia Arab yang cenderung tidak demokratis saat ini, yakni nalar qabîlah, ghanîmah, dan ‘aqîdah. Qabîlah merupakan representasi dari nalar politik yang nepotis dan sektarian, ghanîmah adalah manifestasi dari sistem keuangan negara yang tidak sehat (karena cenderung konsumtif), sedangkan ‘aqîdah adalah representasi dari paham ataupun ideologi politik yang doktriner. Untuk mengatasinya, ketiga pola pikir yang mendasar tesebut perlu diubah menjadi sistem partai yang egaliter dan profesional; sistem fiskal yang produktif dan sustainable; dan pola pikir yang rasional dan objektif.

Abstract: Muhammad‘Abid al-Jabiri’s Islamic Political Thought: A Study of his al-‘Aql al-Siyâsi al-‘Arabî: Muhaddidâtuh wa Tajalliyâtuh.The political system in theArab modern world generally perceived as authoritarian and despotic attracted al-Jabiri to examine the root of the problem. He has conducted a sharp review and then find the root of the problem. According to him there are three fundamental elements in political reasoning subconscious Arab society that affect the reality of the political system of the Arab world who tend not democratic today, the reasonof qabîlah, ghanîmah, and ‘aqîdah. Qabîlahwas a logical representation of political and sectarian nepotistic, ghanîmah is a manifestation of the country’s financial system that is not healthy, while ‘aqîdah is a representation of understanding or doctrinaire political ideologies. To overcome this, such the three basic proficiency level mindset needs to be changed, the mindset qabîlah who was nepotistic and ethnocentric converted into an egalitarian party system and professional; reason ghanîmah converted into productive systems and sustainable fiscal; and ‘aqîdahreason converted into a mindset that is rational and objective.

Kata Kunci: politik Islam, al-Jabiri, nalar qabilah, nalar ghanîmah, nalar ‘aqîdah
PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN TENTANG PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK
Authors: Dalimunthe Sehat Sultoni
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Akhlak merupakan topik penting dalam pendidikan Islam. Topik ini banyak dibahas oleh para pemikir Muslim. Perbedaan sistem pendidikan Islam dari system pendidikan Barat yang paling penting adalah dalam persoalan iman dan kesalehan, sebagai tujuan yang fundamental. Barat telah gagal menunjukkan kehadiran seperangkat nilai moral, sebagai salah satu tujuan yang harus dicapai. Tulisan ini mencoba menemukan tiga tujuan pendidikan akhlak dalam perspektif al-Qur’an. Analisis ini akan mewujudkan bahwa al-Qur’an itu sebagai petunjuk untuk semua pengetahuan. Dalam pandangan al-Qur’an, ada tiga tujuan pendidikan akhlak, yaitu untuk mewujudkan rasa kasih sayang antar manusia, untuk mencapai kebahagiaan hidup di dunia dan di akhirat, dan terakhir untuk mencapai rasa syukur kepada Allah. Ketiga tujuan ini hendaknya dapat diimplementasikan dalam semua jenjang pendidikan sekolah, dari pendidikan Taman Kanak-Kanak sampai ke Universitas.

Abstract: Qur’anic Perspective on Moral Education. The issue of akhlâq, plays an important topic in the Islamic education, because it is the dominant aims of Islamic education in the view of Muslim thinkers. The distinguishesthe Islamic system education from the modern Western system is the importence it attaches to faith and piety as one of its fundamental aims. The West fails to indicate how in the absence of a set of moral value (akhlâq), either of those aims can be realized.This article is aimed at exploring some aims of akhlâq education in the view of al-Qur’an. This analysis will embody the al-Qur’an as the guidance of knowledges. In the view of al-Qur’an, they are three aims of akhlak education, namely: to produce the love sense amang the human being, to produce the happy in the live and here after, and the last to produce syukur sense to god Allah. These three aims should be implemented at the school from the Kindergaten through to the University level.

Kata Kunci: karakter, pendidikan akhlak, al-Qur’an, tafsir
SPIRITUALITAS SAINS DALAM ISLAM: MENGUNGKAP TEOLOGI SAINTIFIK ISLAM
Authors: Badarussyamsi Badarussyamsi
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas pemikiran Islam tentang teologi saintifik yang  sering menjadi perdebatan para ilmuwan. Sebagian pakar berpendapat bahwa al-Qur’an memotivasi umatnya untuk mencintai sains. Pakar lain berpandangan bahwa ayat- ayat al-Qur’an memberikan sinyal-sinyal sains. Pada perkembangan terakhir menguat geliat umat Islam tentang perlunya islamisasi sains. Pendekatan dalam artikel ini adalah pendekatan teologi sains yang mengupas visi dan relasi sains dan Islam. Dalam konteks ini, Islam bukan hanya mendorong umatnya untuk mencintai sains, akan tetapi memberikan sinyal sains yang kalau diungkap akan menghasilkan karya sains yang memberikan kontribusi bagi peradaban manusia. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa eksistensi sains memperoleh dukungan signifikan dalam ajaran Islam hingga menjadi bagian integral yang tak terpisahkan dari sistem teologi Islam.

Abstract: The Spirituality of Science in Islam: Revealing Islamic Scientific Theology. This article discusses Islamic scientific theology that often debated by scholars. Some Islamic scholars argue that Islam through al-Qur’an motivates believers to love science and thus their works do not contradict withal-Qur’an. Others argued that al-Qur’an only provides signs of science and encourages people to solve the puzzles of science. Nowadays the need for islamization of science has grown stronger among Islamic thinkers. This article uses a theological approach to explore the relation of science and Islam. As such, al-Qur’an not only encouraged people to love science but also the signals of science that will produce works of science that contribute to human civilization. In short, the existence of theological science gained significant support in the teachings of Islam to be an integral part of the system of Islamic theology.

Kata kunci: sains, al-Qur’an, epistemology, islamisasi, teologi saintifik
REFORMULASI ISTINBÂTH HUKUM ISLAM DARI AL-SUNNAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF YÛSUF AL-QARDHÂWÎ
Authors: Yaqin Ainol
Published: March 2018

Abstrak:Tulisan ini difokuskan pada pemikiran Yûsuf al-Qardhâwî tentang al-Sunnah dalamistinbâth hukum Islam. Teori asasi pemikiran Yusuf al-Qardhâwî berkenaan dengan metode komprehensif (manhaj syumûlî), metodebalance (manhaj mutawâzin) dan metode yang memudahkan (manhaj muyassir) menjadi pisau analisis kajian ini. Pada gilirannya, pengkajian atas peran dan fungsi yang melekat pada Rasulullah SAW. adalah urgen guna menguak subtansi al-Sunnah. Menurutnya, terkadang Rasulullah SAW. bersabda dalamkapasitasnya sebagai hakim, sekali waktu muncul dari perannya sebagai kepala negara. Beliau juga terkadang berfatwa dalam posisinya sebagai Rasul, atau sebagai manusia biasa. Sebab itu, memperhatikan konteks di mana dan kapan sabda itu dinyatakan adalah sebuah keniscayaan. Penulis menemukan bahwa Yûsuf al-Qardhâwî menformulasikan delapan prinsip pola istinbâth hukum Islam dari al-Sunnah agar relevan dengan perkembangan tempat dan waktu, dengan tetap berpijak pada spirit al-tasyrî‘dan maqâshid al-syarî‘ah.

Abstract:Reformulation of Distillation of Islamic Law in the Perspective of Yûsuf al-Qardhâwî.This article is focused on the thought of Yûsuf al-Qardhâwî about al-sunnah in theistinbâth of Islamic law. The principle theory of Yûsuf al-Qardhâwî’s thought consist of comprehensive method, balance method and simplifying method becomes the theoretical analysis for this study. In turn, the study on the role of Prophet Muhammad is urgently considered to reveal the substance of al-Sunnah. For al-Qardhâwî, at one time, the Prophet could act in the capacity as a judge but in another time as a leader, and as a messenger of Allah which is applicable for universal use. What’s more, his own utterance may also represent his personal expression as a lay person. Hence, looking at the context where and when the decree is stated becomes a necessity. The writer finds that Yûsuf al-Qardhâwî formulates 8 principles ofistinbâth pattern of Islamic law from al-Sunnah to make it relevant to the development of the space and time, by holding tight to the spirit ofal-tasyrî‘ andmaqâshid al-syarî‘ah.

Kata Kunci: al-Sunnah, reformulasi, spirital-tasyrî‘,maqâshid al-syarî‘ah, hukum Islam
الوسائط المتعددة في تطوير نموذج تعليم اللغة العربية: بحث في المدرسة العالية الحكومية كليمنتان الجنوبية
Authors: Mubarak Faisal
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Peran Multimedia dalam Pengembangan Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab: Studi pada Madrasah Aliyah Negeri di Kalimantan Selatan. Bahasa Arab merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang wajib diajarkan di sekolah agama mulai dari tingkat dasar sampai perguruan tinggi. Lamanya waktu yang diperguna- kan dalam mempelajari bahasa Arab tidak berbanding lurus dengan kemampuan yang memadai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan  yang dilakukan pada 3 (tiga) Madrasah Aliyah Negeri yang ada di tiga kabupaten/ kota di Kalimantan Selatan. Penulis mengemukakan bahwa faktor penyebab rendahnya kualitas kemampuan bahasa Arab siswa yang dilatarbelakangi oleh materi yang abstrak, dan tidak disampaikan dengan pendekatan, model, metode, serta media pembelajaran yang kongkrit dan praktikal, dan persepsi negatif bahwa bahasa Arab sulit dipelajari. Salah satu cara yang yang dapat dikembangkan adalah dengan mengubah sistem pembelajaran konvensional menjadi pembelajaran yang lebih efektif dan efisien dengan memanfaatkan multimedia.  

Abstract: The Role of Multimedia in Developing Arabic Teaching Models: A Study on Islamic Senior High School in South Kalimantan. Arabic is one of the prerequisite subjects taught in Islamic learning institution from the lower to. The graduates are expected to have basic ability in Arabic language both spoken and written. However, student’s still have some difficulties in learning Arabic. This research was conducted in three Islamic High Schools in the three districts in South Kalimantan. This study use an approach research and development. This study reveals some of aspects which influence the low quality of student in using Arabic, they are the abstract material, which are not delivered by appropriate approaches, models or methods, it is not also supported by more concrete, and practical media for teaching. In addition, there is negative percept among student that Arabic language was difficult and complicated to learn. To solve this problem, it’s necessary to develop the concept learning system more effective and efficient by using multimedia.

Keywords: model pembelajaran, bahasa Arab, multimedia, Kalimantan Selatan
DISKURSUS FATWA ULAMA TENTANG PERAYAAN NATAL
Authors: Manan Abdul
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan secara kritis tentang pendapat ulama mengenai ucapan selamat natal. Fatwa-fatwa tentang natal dikeluarkan sebagai dampak dari perdebatan tentang kehadiran seorang Muslim pada perayaan-perayaan natal. Sebagian ulama meyakini bahwa perayaan natal dapat menjadi godaan kuat bagi umat Islam untuk ikutserta dalam perayaan tersebut. Ulama ini mengajukan temuan bahwa para ulama mempunyai pandangan berbeda tentang ajaran Islam mengenai mengucapkan selamat natal kepada orang-orang Kristen. Kelompok pertama meyakini bahwa mengucapkan selamat natal kepada orang Kristen tidak diperbolehkan, sedangkan kelompok kedua meyakini bahwa orang-orang Islam diperbolehkan untuk menghadiri dan mengucapkan selamat natal kepada mereka. Secara historis, dunia Muslim telah memberikan respons terhadap eksistensi dan ritual perayaan natal dengan cara merayakan hari kelahiran Nabi (maulid Nabi) dan sebagian ulama hendak membuktikan perayaan natal bidah bagi Muslim.
 
Abstract: The Fatwa of Ulama Council Discourse on Christmas Celebration. This article aims to discuss critically about mufti opinion on Christmas celebration salutation. The opinions about Christmas were issued as a result of the debate about the presence of Muslim in Christmas celebration. Some muftis believe that Christmas can be a strong temptation for Muslims to participate in its celebrations. The muftis submit a finding that every mufti has different perception about Islam on saying congratulation in Christmas celebration to Christians. The first group believes that saying congratulation on Christmas to Christians are not allowed, while the second group believes that Muslims are allowed to attend and congratulate Christmas to them. Historically, the Muslim has responded to the existence and the way of Christmas celebration similar to the way to commemorate the birthday of the Prophet (Prophet's Muhammad SAW birthday) and some mufti intend to prove Christmas celebration is heretic for Muslims.
 
Kata Kunci: ulama, fatwa, natal, maulid Nabi, akidah, toleransi
PENGEMBANGAN USAHA MIKRO UNTUK PEMBERDAYAAN UMAT ISLAM DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Daulay Raihanah
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Total penduduk Indonesia berjumlah sekitar 260 juta jiwa dan mayoritas beragama Islam. Tingkat kemiskinan sebesar 13.5%. Secara tidak langsung ini memperlihatkan bahwa kondisi perekonomian umat Islam masih berada dalam posisi di bawah garis kemiskinan. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengembangan usaha mikro dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi kaum Muslim di kota Medan. Penelitian ini menyimpulan bahwa pengembangan ekonomi umat terkendala oleh kendala struktural. Untuk mengatasinya perlu perubahan konsep struktural agar memudahkan mereka dalam pengembangan usaha mikro. Dengan cara itu, mereka memiliki daya saing tinggi sehingga dapat meningkatkan perekonomian. Pada akhirnya, kaum Muslim dapat membantu Muslim lain secara ekonomis agar dapat hidup menjadi lebih layak. Pemberdayaan ekonomi umat dapat dilakukan melalui pengembangan usaha mikro dengan memberikan solusi terhadap masalah apa yang dihadapi, memberikan pengetahuan tentang cara untuk mengembangkan usaha mikro yang dijalankannya, dan memotivasi dan menambah kemampuan berwirausaha melalui penerapan program kewirausahaan.
 
Abstract: The Development of Micro Entrepreneurship in Muslim Economy Empowerment in the City of Medan. Of the 260 million of the total population of Indonesia was dominated by Muslims, with a poverty rate of 13.5%. The data indirectly demonstrate that the condition of Muslims economy is still under poverty. This article examines the development of Muslims micro economic empowerment in Medan. This article found that constraints development of economic community are the structural constraints, so that economic empowerment must be done through structural changes in order to facilitate their concept in developing micro economic. As such, they can be highly competitive in order to boost the economy. Finally, Muslims can help one another in economy in order to live more properly. The Muslim economic empowerment can be done through the development of micro enterprises by providing solutions to any problems that encountered, providing knowledge on how to develop micro economic that have been done, and to motivate and increase entrepreneurship skills through the application of entrepreneurial programs.
 
Kata Kunci: ekonomi Islam, usaha mikro, pemberdayaan, Medan
ETIKA PENDIDIK DALAM PERSPEKTIF IMAM AL-NAWAWÎ
Authors: Salminawati Salminawati
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Kebijakan pendidikan nasional menghendaki para pendidik di Indonesia harus memiliki empat kompetensi, di antaranya adalah kompetensi kepribadian. Pendidikan nasional juga menegaskan urgensi penanaman karakter oleh pendidik terhadap peserta didik, sehingga para pendidik pun dituntut memiliki karakter yang telah ditetapkan. Artikel ini mengkaji tinjauan fukaha terhadap etika pendidik dalam Islam. Di antara fukaha di dunia Islam, Imam al-Nawawî telah memberikan ulasan tentang etika pendidik dalam Islam. Berdasarkan analisis isi terhadap karya Imam al-Nawawî, ditemukan bahwa seorang pendidik Muslim dituntut memiliki etika yang harus dipahami dan diamalkan dalam proses pembelajaran, yang terdiri atas etika pendidik dari aspek kepribadian, etika pendidik dari aspek kegiatan ilmiah, dan etika pendidik dari aspek penyampaian pembelajaran. Artikel ini telah menegaskan bahwa khazanah Islam tentang etika pendidik sangat kaya, dan harus diaktualisasikan dalam dunia pendidikan Islam di Indonesia.

Abstract: Teacher’s Ethic in the Perspective of Imam al-Nawawî’s Thought. National education policies require educators in Indonesia to have four competencies; among of it is personality competences. National education reiterated the urgency of the character building by educators to students, so that the educators were required to have a character that has been decided. This article examines the Jurists review toward educators’ ethics in Islam. Among of jurists in Islamic world, Imam al-Nawawî has given reviews on educators’ ethics in Islam. Based on a content analysis of Imam al-Nawawî work, it was found that a Muslim educators are required to have ethics that must be understood and practiced in the learning process, which consists of educators ethics from personality aspects, educators ethics from scientific activity aspect, and educators ethics from learning delivery aspects , This article has been asserted that the Islamic literatures about the educators ethics is very much, and must be actualized in Islamic education in Indonesia.

Kata Kunci: al-Nawawî, etika, pendidik, kepribadian, kegiatan ilmiah, pembelajaran
PROFESIONALITAS GURU MENURUT M. QURAISH SHIHAB DALAM TAFSIR AL-MISHBAH
Authors: Siahaan Amiruddin
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang berkaitan dengan profesionalitas guru. Ayat-ayat tersebut kemudian ditafsirkan menurut Tafsir al-Mishbah karya M. Quraish Shihab. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research), dan termasuk dalam kategori penelitian kualitatif. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah metode tematik (maudhû‘i), yakni menghimpun ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang berbicara tentang profesionalitas guru. Selanjutnya, untuk mengungkap makna-makna serta simbol-simbol dalam ayat-ayat al-Qur’an tentang rumusan profesionalitas guru, penulis menggunakan pendekatan linguistik, semiotik, hermeneutik dan psikologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan profesionalitas guru dalam konsep Tafsir al-Mishbah dapat dilakukan melalui upaya membangun kompetensi guru yang profesional berbasis nilai-nilai Islami, menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif dan bercirikan nilai-nilai Islami, menciptakan suasana pembelajaran yang efektif berciri khas Islam, dan mendukung tercapainya tujuan pendidikan nasional dengan pengembangan berbagai kompetensi profesionalitas guru.

Abstract: Teacher’s Professionalism in M. Quraish Shihab’s Tafsir al-Mishbah. This study aims to reveal Quranic verses related to teacher’s professionalism. The verses are  interpreted through Tafsir al-Mishbah the works of M. Quraish Shihab. This research is a library research and categorise as qualitative research. The method use is thematic method (maudhû‘i) which collecting the verses of al-Qur’an that tell about the teacher’s professionalism. Then to uncover the meanings and symbols use in the verses of al-Qur’an which formulate the teachers’ profesionalisms, the authors use linguistics, semiotics, hermeneutics and psychology approaches. The result of the research showed that the formation of the teachers’ professionalism in Tafsir al-Mishbah concept can be done through, building teachers’ profesionalism competencies based on Islamic values, creating conducive learning and Islamic values characteristics, creating effective learning with Islamic characteristics, and supporting the purposes of national education with development of teachers’ profesionalism competencies.  

Kata Kunci: al-Qur’an, M. Quraish Shihab, Tafsir al-Mishbah, profesionalitas, guru
AKULTURASI NILAI BUDAYA MELAYU DAN BATAK TOBA PADA MASYARAKAT MELAYU KOTA TANJUNGBALAI ASAHAN
Authors: Mailin Mailin
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This paper attempts to analyze the acculturation process of Malays and Toba Batak cultures in Asahan Tanjungbalai, and to what extent the Sultan of Asahan influenced the process of acculturation. This study uses descriptive qualitative research method. The findings of this research showed that the process of acculturation Malay and Muslim Toba Batak culture in the city emerged from the government of Tanjungbalai Sultan Asahan I who ruled in the city before the independence era of the Republic of Indonesia. Religious leaders (ulama) and traditional leaders also played a role in the acculturation process of Malay cultural values in Tanjungbalai, especially in the Batak Toba ethnic Muslim milieu. Acculturation between these two cultures gave birth to a Malay culture which led to a different characteristic to the Malay culture in the archipelago. The author affirms that Malays in the city, by nature, tends to be tough in character as a result of Toba Batak ethnic character.
 
Abstrak: Acculturation of the Malay and Toba Batak Cultural Values on Malay Societies in Tanjung Balai City Asahan North Sumatra. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses akulturasi budaya Melayu dan Batak Toba di Tanjungbalai Asahan, serta seberapa besar pengaruh Sultan Asahan dalam proses akulturasi budaya Melayu dan Batak Toba di Asahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses akulturasi budaya Melayu dan budaya Batak Toba Muslim di kota Tanjungbalai berawal  dari  pemerintah Sultan Asahan I yang memerintah di kota Tanjungbalai sebelum kemerdekaan  Negara Republik Indonesia. Tokoh agama (ulama) dan tokoh adat juga turut berperan dalam  proses akulturasi nilai budaya Melayu di Kota Tanjungbalai, khususnya pada etnis Batak Toba Muslim. Akulturasi antar dua budaya ini melahirkan sebuah budaya Melayu yang memiliki ciri khas yang berbeda dengan budaya Melayu di Nusantara. Melayu di kota ini memiliki sifat serta karakter yang cenderung kasar dan keras, seperti karakter etnis Batak toba.

 Kata Kunci: Melayu, Batak Toba, Kesultanan Asahan, Islam
THE ETHICAL PRACTICES OF ISLAMIC BANKING: An Analysis from Customer Satisfaction Perspective
Authors: Ibrahim Azharsyah , Kamri Nor 'Azzah
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: Implementasi Etika Islam dalam Perbankan Syariah: Suatu Analisis dari Perspektif Kepuasan Nasabah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menguji tingkat kepuasan nasabah pada bank syariah di Aceh sebagai akibat dari pelaksanaan Etika Kerja Islam (EKI). Secara spesifik,  tulisan ini bermaksud untuk menelaah perbedaan kepuasan dari nasabah Bank Umum Syariah (BUS), Unit Usaha Syariah (UUS), dan Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS). Kajian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif yang diimplementasikan melalui kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 600 orang nasabah dari tujuh bank syariah di Aceh. Data dianalisis melalui statistik deskriptif dan inferensial dalam software SPSS. Hasil kajian ini secara umum menemukan bahwa mayoritas nasabah memiliki tingkat kepuasan yang tinggi terhadap bank syariah sebagai akibat dari implementasi EKI dalam operasional bank syariah. Secara khusus, nasabah BUS mempunyai skor kepuasan tertinggi dibandingkan dua kategori bank lainnya.
 
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the level of customer satisfaction as a result of the Islamic Work Ethics (IWE) implementation in Islamic banks in Aceh, Indonesia. Specifically, it examines the difference in perceiving satisfaction among customers of Islamic Commercial Banks (ICB), Islamic Business Units (IBU), and Islamic Rural Banks (IRB). The study incorporated a quantitative method which was employed through questionnaire surveys that were distributed to 600 respondents of seven Islamic banks. The data were then analyzed using descriptive and inferential analyses in SPSS. The findings of this research revealed that in general, the customers have shown a high satisfaction on the IWE practiced in Islamic banking institutions. Particularly, the ICB scored the highest satisfaction level compared to the other banking categories.
 
Keywords: Customer satisfaction, Islamic bank, business ethics, Islamic banking, Aceh
RESISTENSI ULAMA DAYAH ACEH TAMIANG TERHADAP HAK-HAK PEREMPUAN DALAM KHI
Authors: Nasir Muhammad
Published: March 2018

Abstrak: KHI menurut beberapa kalangan sebagai wujud pembaharuan hukum Islam di Indonesia yang juga diklaim sebagai hukum yang banyak membela hak-hak perempuan, sekalipun masih ada kalangan yang berpendapat sebaliknya. Tulisan ini mengkaji bagaimana respons Ulama Dayah Aceh Tamiang terhadap pemberlakuan Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI), khususnya yang terkait dengan hak-hak kaum perempuan yang diatur dalam masalah pencatatan nikah, keabsahan talak dan harta bersama. Tulisan ini berangkat dari penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap Ulama Dayah Aceh Tamiang dengan menggunakan metode interviu dan observasi. Ada tiga teori yang dipergunakan dalam menganalisis data penelitian ini, yakni; Teori Relasi Negara dan Agama, Teori Otoritas Ulama dan Negara, dan Teori Concervative Turn. Penulis menemukan bahwa penentangan Ulama Dayah terhadap KHI dapat diidentifikasi pada dua tingkatan. Pertama, mereka tidak sependapat dengan beberapa aspek dari KHI seperti; pendaftaran pernikahan, harta kekayaan bersama dan prosedur hukum perceraian. Kedua, secara faktual bahwa Ulama Dayah tidak sepenuhnya terlibat dalam proses penyusunan rancangan naskah KHI tersebut.
 
Abstract: The Resistance of Ulama Dayah Aceh Tamiang Against Women’s Rights in Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI).This article provides the latest information on how the Ulama Dayah Aceh Tamiang's response to the implementation of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), particularly related to women's rights regulated in the issue of marriage registration, the validity of divorce, and joint property. This paper is based on research  conducted on Dayah Aceh Tamiang Ulama by using interview and observation method. There are three theories used in analyzing this research data, namely; theory of relations of state and religion, theory of ulama and state authority, and theory of conservative turn. The finding of this article reveals that the resistance of the Ulama Dayah against KHI can be identified in two levels. Firstly, they disagreed with some aspects of KHI in such as marriage registration, joint property, and divorce legal procedures. Secondly, the fact that Ulama Dayah were not involved in the process of legal drafting of the KHI.
                                                                               
 Kata Kunci: KHI, ulama dayah, hukum, keluarga, wanita
CONFUSION OF EDUCATOR POLICY IN MINISTRY OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS 1945-2016
Authors: Saerozi Muh.
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This essay examines the dynamics of the development of educator policy at the Ministry of Religious Affairs, which begins with the educator concept in Education Law at the Ministry of Religious Affairs from 1945 to 2016, and what the philosophical meaning of the development of the concept is. It also uncover where the confusion of the concept of educators throughout the history. This essay concludes with the conceptual solutions to educator problems enshrined in the Educational Law. The author finds there is a change of educators' concept on every amendment to Education law, each of which contains a specific philosophical meaning. The concept of educator that has been changed still entails the some problems up to the present time. The confusion of the concept in the law affects the regulation of educators in the Ministry of Religious Affairs, and thus it needs to be revised and finds alternative solution as offered in this paper.
 
Abstrak: Kerancuan Kebijakan Pendidik di Kementerian Agama 1945-2016. Esai ini mengkaji dinamika perkembangan kebijakan pendidik pada Kementerian Agama, yang diawali dengan konsep pendidik dalam undang-undang pendidikan dan peraturan Menteri Agama sejak tahun 1945 sampai 2016, dan apa makna filosofis dari perkembangan konsep tersebut. Selanjutnya diungkap dimana letak kerancuan konsep pendidik dalam sepanjang sejarah tersebut. Pada bagian akhir difokuskan untuk  menemukan solusi konseptual terhadap problem pendidik yang terdapat dalam undang-undang pendidikan. Penulis menemukan ada perubahan konsep pendidik pada setiap perubahan undang-undang pendidikan, yang memuat makna filosofis yang spesifik. Konsep pendidik yang telah diubah masih menyisakan masalah sampai sekarang. Kerancuan konsep dalam undang-undang berdampak pada peraturan pendidik di Kementerian Agama, sehingga perlu dilakukan revisi sebagaimana alternatif yang ditawarkan dalam tulisan ini.
 
Keywords: education, Religious Affairs Ministry, policy, teacher, educational support personnel
PENGUATAN NILAI-NILAI KEAGAMAAN BAGI MASYARAKAT KORBAN BENCANA GEMPA DI KENAGARIAN TANDIKAT KECAMATAN PATAMUAN KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN
Authors: Gazali Gazali , Andy Nafri
Published: March 2018

Nagari Tandikat is one of the Nagari in Padang Pariaman Regency that suffered severe impacts due to the earthquake of 30 September 2009. In the face of the earthquake, stoic attitude must be owned by earthquake victims as this will form a positive psychological condition (positive psychological functioning), which brings to the realization of psychological well being in a person especially religious values adopted because religion is able to create its own color in regulating the pattern of human attitudes. More specifically, religion also wrestles with various problems of human life both socially and psychologically, the belief in god is able to give calm, not infrequently the religion is also used as a solution to the problems of the mind and not visible, related to pleasure, to suffering. By using the CBR approach, this research will conduct research-based devotion in the strengthening of religious values for the September 30th Quake Victims in Nagari Tandikat Padang Pariaman. From the research results revealed there are several strengthening programs that have been and are being done as a strengthening of religious values for the earthquake victims such as wirid yasinan, tablig akbar, annual commemoration and religious strengthening program.

Nagari Tandikat merupakan salah satu Nagari di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman yang mengalami dampak cukup parah akibat gempa bumi 30 September 2009. Dalam menghadapi gempa, sikap tabah harus dimiliki oleh korban gempa karena hal ini akan membentuk kondisi psikologis yang positif (positive psychological functioning), yang membawa kepada terwujudnya kesejahteraan psikologis (psychological well being) dalam diri seseorang terutama nilai-nilai agama yang dianut karena agama mampu menciptakan warna tersendiri dalam mengatur pola sikap manusia. Lebih spesifik, agama juga bergelut dengan beragam persoalan hidup manusia baik secara sosial maupun psikis, keyakinan terhadap tuhan mampu memberi ketenangan, tidak jarang agama juga dijadikan sebagai solusi atas permasalahan-permasalahan batin dan tidak terlihat, terkait kesenangan, hingga penderitaan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan CBR, penelitian ini akan melakukan penelitian berbasis pengabdian dalam penguatan nilai-nilai agama bagi Korban Gempa 30 September di Nagari Tandikat Padang Pariaman. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut diungkap ada beberapa program penguatan yang telah dan tengah dilakukan sebagai penguatan nilai-nilai keagamaan bagi masyarakat korban gempa yaitu wirid yasinan, tablig akbar, peringatan tahunan dan program penguatan keagamaan.