bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upper Jurassic travertine at El Macanudo, Argentine Patagonia: a fossil geothermal field modified by hydrothermal silicification and acid overprinting
Authors: GUIDO DIEGO M. , CAMPBELL KATHLEEN A.
Published: June 2017

The Deseado Massif hosts numerous Late Jurassic (150 Ma) fossil geothermal systems related to an extensive volcanic event developed in a diffuse extensional back-arc setting. Detailed mapping, petrography and mineralogical observations of El Macanudo outcrops verify that it represents a hot-spring-related travertine partially replaced by silica and delineated by six sedimentary facies. These are large concentric cones (F1), laminated vertical columnar structures (F2), porous layers (F3), shrubby and irregular lamination (F4), low-amplitude wavy bedding (F5) and mounds and breccias (F6). The Macanudo Norte Outcrop rocks constitute a silica-replaced travertine sequence, with development of large conical stromatolites in a deep pool or geothermally influenced shallow lacustrine environment, surrounded by a subaerial travertine apron terrace; whereas, the Macanudo Sur Outcrop is a subaerial travertine mound sequence. Structurally controlled vent areas occur in both northern (F1) and southern (F6) outcrops, mainly located along regional NNE- and ENE-trending faults. The other sedimentary units display a concentric distribution of travertine facies with respect to the interpreted vent areas. The El Macanudo palaeo-hot spring deposit is situated in an eroded Jurassic volcanic centre, and records a complex evolutionary-fluid history. The sediments archived three different Jurassic events, when large and long-lasting hydrothermal systems were active across the region. This relative temporal sequence was formed by: (1) travertine precipitation; (2) development of a silica cap, where early silicification was responsible for exceptional preservation of some stromatolitic fabrics; and (3) acid alteration, recorded by dissolution textures and clay formation, and caused by a palaeo-phreatic water-level drop.
Larval morphology and DNA barcodes as valuable tools in early detection of marine invaders: a new pea crab found in European waters
Authors: Marco-Herrero Elena , Drake Pilar , Cuesta Jose A.
Published: June 2017

Four species of Pinnotheridae inhabit European marine waters,Afropinnotheres monodi,Nepinnotheres pinnotheres,Pinnotheres pectunculiandPinnotheres pisum. For these four species there are data available on the morphology of their larval stages as well as DNA markers. This information has allowed us to detect some larvae in plankton samples from the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Iberian Peninsula) that do not belong to any of these European pinnotherid species and to be confirmed by DNA barcoding. In this study these findings are shown as a case of early detection of a newly introduced and unknown species in European marine waters.
CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF THE SOCIETAL PERSPECTIVE WITHIN ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Drost Ruben M.W.A. , van der Putten Ingeborg M. , Ruwaard Dirk , Evers Silvia M.A.A. , Paulus Aggie T.G.
Published: June 2017

Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate how the societal perspective is conceptualized in economic evaluations and to assess how intersectoral costs and benefits (ICBs), that is, the costs and benefits pertaining to sectors outside the healthcare sector, impact their results.

Methods:Based on a search in July 2015 using PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsychINFO, a systematic literature review was performed for economic evaluations which were conducted from a societal perspective. Conceptualizations were assessed in NVivo version 11 using conventional and directed content analysis. Trial-based evaluations in the fields of musculoskeletal and mental disorders were analyzed further, focusing on the way ICBs impact the results of economic evaluations.

Results:A total of 107 studies were assessed, of which 74 (69.1 percent) provided conceptualizations of the societal perspective. These varied in types of costs included and in descriptions of cost bearers. Labor productivity costs were included in seventy-two studies (67.3 percent), while only thirty-eight studies (35.5 percent) included other ICBs, most of which entailed informal care and/or social care costs. ICBs within the educational and criminal justice sectors were each included five times. Most of the trial-based evaluations analyzed further (n= 21 of 28) reported productivity costs. In nine, these took up more than 50 percent of total costs. In several studies, criminal justice and informal care costs were also important.

Conclusions:There is great variety in the way the societal perspective is conceptualized and interpreted within economic evaluations. Use of the term “societal perspective” is often related to including merely productivity costs, while other ICBs could be relevant as well.
A Sense of Hopelessness? Portuguese Oppositionists Abroad in the Final Years of theEstado Novo, 1968–1974
Authors: OLIVEIRA PEDRO AIRES
Published: June 2017

The article examines the role played by the Portuguese oppositionist diaspora in the final years of theEstado Novodictatorship (c. 1968–c.1974). It advances an explanation for the apparent lack of success met by several exile groups when trying to persuade the Western democracies to withdraw (or at least reduce) their support for Lisbon's authoritarian regime during a period in which the public was increasingly aware of human rights abuses. The choice of this particular juncture is justified for several reasons. Firstly, it was a time of renewed expectations regarding a possible liberalisation of the regime in the aftermath of the replacement of the incapacitated Oliveira Salazar by the younger Marcelo Caetano (September 1968), an event that confronted the different sections of the Portuguese opposition with a number of dilemmas, both at home and abroad, and exposed rifts that would take some time to repair. Secondly, this was also an epoch of momentous social and cultural change in Europe, with obvious ramifications for the political orientations and attitudes of those who, for different reasons, had decided to leave Portugal in the 1960s. Finally, the vicissitudes of the East–West détente are seen here as equally important for understanding the opportunities and limitations of the anti-Estado Novoopposition abroad.
The influence of food consumption and socio-economic factors on the relationship between zinc and iron intake and status in a healthy population
Authors: Knez Marija , Nikolic Marina , Zekovic Milica , Stangoulis James CR , Gurinovic Mirjana , Glibetic Maria
Published: June 2017

Objective

To examine Zn and Fe nutritional status of a healthy population by means of anthropometric, dietary and biochemical measurements and to investigate the relationship of usual Zn and Fe dietary intakes to Zn and Fe status. In addition, to examine the impact of food choices and socio-economic factors on Fe and Zn dietary intakes and status with the aim to identify groups at risk of dietary deficiency and suggest factors that may influence the status of these nutrients.

Design

Food consumption was assessed by 24 h recall questionnaires. Twenty biochemical parameters were measured, of which Hb, haematocrit, erythrocyte count and plasma concentrations of Fe and Zn were directly related to Fe and Zn nutrition. The prevalence of study participants with inadequate micronutrient intakes was calculated using the Estimated Average Requirement cut-point method.

Setting

Serbia, Europe.

Subjects

Apparently healthy adults (25–65 years of age).

Results

Mean daily Zn and Fe intakes were 9·1 mg and 11·6 mg for males and 7·3 mg and 9·4 mg for females, respectively. Five per cent of the study population had inadequate dietary Fe intake and 15–25 % had inadequate Zn intake. Lower Hb concentrations were measured in women with lower Zn intakes. No differences in Fe and Zn intakes and status among various socio-economic groups were observed, except for Fe intake between the low-income and affluent groups.

Conclusions

Regular follow-ups are needed to ensure that potential deficiencies of Zn and Fe do get recognized and addressed in a timely manner.
WHITTAKER FUNCTIONS AND DEMAZURE CHARACTERS
Authors: Lee Kyu-Hwan , Lenart Cristian , Liu Dongwen
Published: June 2017

In this paper, we consider how to express an Iwahori–Whittaker function through Demazure characters. Under some interesting combinatorial conditions, we obtain an explicit formula and thereby a generalization of the Casselman–Shalika formula. Under the same conditions, we compute the transition matrix between two natural bases for the space of Iwahori fixed vectors of an induced representation of a $p$-adic group; this corrects a result of Bump–Nakasuji.
Optical variability patterns of radio-quiet and radio-loud quasars
Authors: Marziani P. , Bon E. , Grieco A. , Bon N. , Dultzin D. , Del Olmo A. , D'Onofrio M.
Published: June 2017

We analyzed the light curves (LCs) of several radio-quiet and radio-loud quasars belonging to the same parameter space volume in the 4D Eigenvector 1 (4DE1) quasar sequence, using data from the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (CRTS). We report preliminary results on detected variability pattern, and discuss possible cases of periodic variability.
The effect of AGN feedback on Sunyaev-Zeldovich properties of simulated galaxy clusters
Authors: Fabjan Dunja , Planelles S. , Borgani S. , Murante G. , Rasia E. , Biffi V. , Truong N. , Ragone-Figueroa C. , Granato G. L. , Dolag K. , Pierpaoli E. , Beck A. M. , Steinborn Lisa K. , Gaspari M.
Published: June 2017

We studied the imprints that feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) leaves on the intracluster plasma during the assembly history of galaxy clusters. To this purpose we used state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamical simulations based on an updated version of the Tree-PM SPH GADGET-3 code, comparing three sets of simulations with different prescriptions for the physics of baryons (including AGN and/or stellar feedback). We explore the effect of these different physics, in particular AGN feedback, on IntraCluster medium (ICM) properties observed via Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) effect using an extended set of galaxy clusters (~100 clusters with M500 masses above 5 × 1013M⊙/h). Some of the main findings are that the scaling relation between the integrated SZ flux and the galaxy cluster total mass is in good accordance with several observed samples, especially for massive clusters, and does not show any clear redshift evolution, with the slope of the relation close to the theoretical one in the AGN feedback case. As for the scatter of this relation, we obtain a mild dependence on the cluster dynamical state.
Search for High Energy emission from GRBs with MAGIC
Authors: Berti Alessio ,   for the MAGIC GRB group
Published: June 2017

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the most violent explosions in the Universe, releasing a huge amount of energy in few seconds. While our understanding of the prompt and the afterglow phases has increased with Swift and Fermi, we have very few information about their High Energy (HE, E ≲ 100) emission components. This requires a ground-based experiment able to perform fast follow-up with enough sensitivity above ~ 50 GeV. The MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes have been designed to perform fast follow-up on GRBs thanks to fast slewing movement and low energy threshold (~ 50 GeV). Since the beginning of the operations, MAGIC followed-up 89 GRBs in good observational conditions. In this contribution the MAGIC GRBs follow-up campaign and the results which could be obtained by detecting HE and Very High Energy (VHE, E ≳ 100 GeV) γ-rays from GRBs will be reviewed.
What was the Initial Mass of Merging Black Holes in GW150914 ?
Authors: Tagawa Hiromichi , Umemura Masayuki
Published: June 2017

Recently, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) has detected the gravitational wave (GW) event, GW150914, as a result of the merger of a ~30 M⊙ black hole (BH) binary. So far, the merger of stellar-mass BHs has been thought to result from the evolution of binary stars. Here, we propose a novel path of the merger stemming from non-binary isolated stars. In our previous studies, we have found that multiple non-binary stellar-mass BHs whose separations are larger than 1000 AU can merge with each other under the gas-rich environments through the gas dynamical friction and three-body interaction. In this case, a considerable amount of gas can accrete onto BHs before the merger, that is, the initial mass of BHs can be lower than 30 M⊙. To explore this possibility, we perform post-Newtonian N-body simulations on mergers of accreting stellar-mass BHs. Based on our simulations, we find that the BH merger in GW150914 from smaller seed BHs is likely to occur in galactic nuclear regions or dense interstellar cloud cores. Furthermore, we roughly estimate event rates to be ~0.4 yr−1 in galactic nuclear regions and ~8 yr−1 in dense interstellar cloud cores.
Synergetic Growth of the Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov Instabilities in the Relativistic Jet
Authors: Matsumoto Jin , Masada Youhei
Published: June 2017

We investigate the growth of the Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities at the interface of the relativistic jet using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. The propagation of the relativistic jet that is continuously injected from the boundary of the calculation domain into a uniform ambient medium is solved. We find that the interface of the jet is deformed by a synergetic growth of the Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities regardless of the launching condition, such as the specific enthalpy of the jet or the effective inertia ratio between the jet and ambient medium. The material mixing between the jet and external medium due to these instabilities causes the deceleration of the jet.
The Energetic Particle Population in Centaurus A
Authors: Chadwick Paula , Brown Anthony M. , Boehm Celine , Graham Jamie , Lacroix Thomas , Silk Joseph
Published: June 2017

We report a significant hardening of theFermi-LAT gamma-ray spectrum from the core of Cen A at E > 2.4 GeV, suggesting there is a source of high energy particles in the core of Cen A which is in addition to the jet component. We show that the observed gamma-ray spectrum is compatible with either a spike in the dark matter halo profile or a population of millisecond pulsars. This work gives a strong indication of new gamma-ray production mechanisms in active galactic nuclei and could even provide evidence for the clustering of heavy dark matter particles around black holes.
Neutrino Astronomy with IceCube
Authors: Meagher Kevin J.
Published: June 2017

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic kilometer neutrino telescope located at the Geographic South Pole. Cherenkov radiation emitted by charged secondary particles from neutrino interactions is observed by IceCube using an array of 5160 photomultiplier tubes embedded between a depth of 1.5 km to 2.5 km in the Antarctic glacial ice. The detection of astrophysical neutrinos is a primary goal of IceCube and has now been realized with the discovery of a diffuse, high-energy flux consisting of neutrino events from tens of TeV up to several PeV. Many analyses have been performed to identify the source of these neutrinos: correlations with active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, and the galactic plane. IceCube also conducts multi-messenger campaigns to alert other observatories of possible neutrino transients in real-time. However, the source of these neutrinos remains elusive as no corresponding electromagnetic counterparts have been identified. This proceeding will give an overview of the detection principles of IceCube, the properties of the observed astrophysical neutrinos, the search for corresponding sources (including real-time searches), and plans for a next-generation neutrino detector, IceCube–Gen2.
Acceleration of particles up to PeV energies at the galactic centre
Authors: Gabici Stefano , Aharonian Felix A. , Moulin Emmanuel , Viana Aion
Published: June 2017

Recent very high energy observations of the galactic centre region performed by H.E.S.S. revealed the presence of a powerful PeVatron. This is the first of such objects detected, and its most plausible counterpart seems to be associated to Sgr A*, the supermassive black hole in the centre of our galaxy. The implications of this discovery will be discussed, in particular in the context of the problem of the origin of galactic cosmic rays.
Observing shadow of the Schwarzschild black hole in presence of a plasma
Authors: Atamurotov Farruh
Published: June 2017

We have investigated particle motion around Schwarzschild black holes in the presence of a plasma with radial power-law density profile has been shown that the photon sphere around a spherically symmetric black hole is unchanged under the influence of the plasma; however, the Schwarzschild black hole shadow size is reduced due to the refraction of electromagnetic radiation in the plasma environment of the black hole.
Linking the development and functioning of a carnivorous pitcher plant’s microbial digestive community
Authors: Armitage David W
Published: June 2017

Ecosystem development theory predicts that successional turnover in community composition can influence ecosystem functioning. However, tests of this theory in natural systems are made difficult by a lack of replicable and tractable model systems. Using the microbial digestive associates of a carnivorous pitcher plant, I tested hypotheses linking host age-driven microbial community development to host functioning. Monitoring the yearlong development of independent microbial digestive communities in two pitcher plant populations revealed a number of trends in community succession matching theoretical predictions. These included mid-successional peaks in bacterial diversity and metabolic substrate use, predictable and parallel successional trajectories among microbial communities, and convergence giving way to divergence in community composition and carbon substrate use. Bacterial composition, biomass, and diversity positively influenced the rate of prey decomposition, which was in turn positively associated with a host leaf’s nitrogen uptake efficiency. Overall digestive performance was greatest during late summer. These results highlight links between community succession and ecosystem functioning and extend succession theory to host-associated microbial communities.
A coherent quantum annealer with Rydberg atoms
Authors: Glaetzle A. W. , van Bijnen R. M. W. , Zoller P. , Lechner W.
Published: June 2017

There is a significant ongoing effort in realizing quantum annealing with different physical platforms. The challenge is to achieve a fully programmable quantum device featuring coherent adiabatic quantum dynamics. Here we show that combining the well-developed quantum simulation toolbox for Rydberg atoms with the recently proposed Lechner–Hauke–Zoller (LHZ) architecture allows one to build a prototype for a coherent adiabatic quantum computer with all-to-all Ising interactions and, therefore, a platform for quantum annealing. In LHZ an infinite-range spin-glass is mapped onto the low energy subspace of a spin-1/2 lattice gauge model with quasi-local four-body parity constraints. This spin model can be emulated in a natural way with Rubidium and Caesium atoms in a bipartite optical lattice involving laser-dressed Rydberg–Rydberg interactions, which are several orders of magnitude larger than the relevant decoherence rates. This makes the exploration of coherent quantum enhanced optimization protocols accessible with state-of-the-art atomic physics experiments.
Nearest-neighbour resonating valence bonds in YbMgGaO4
Authors: Li Yuesheng , Adroja Devashibhai , Voneshen David , Bewley Robert I. , Zhang Qingming , Tsirlin Alexander A. , Gegenwart Philipp
Published: June 2017

Since its proposal by Anderson, resonating valence bonds (RVB) formed by a superposition of fluctuating singlet pairs have been a paradigmatic concept in understanding quantum spin liquids. Here, we show that excitations related to singlet breaking on nearest-neighbour bonds describe the high-energy part of the excitation spectrum in YbMgGaO4, the effective spin-1/2 frustrated antiferromagnet on the triangular lattice, as originally considered by Anderson. By a thorough single-crystal inelastic neutron scattering study, we demonstrate that nearest-neighbour RVB excitations account for the bulk of the spectral weight above 0.5 meV. This renders YbMgGaO4 the first experimental system where putative RVB correlations restricted to nearest neighbours are observed, and poses a fundamental question of how complex interactions on the triangular lattice conspire to form this unique many-body state.
A unified model of Hymenopteran preadaptations that trigger the evolutionary transition to eusociality
Authors: Quiñones Andrés E. , Pen Ido
Published: June 2017

Explaining the origin of eusociality, with strict division of labour between workers and reproductives, remains one of evolutionary biology’s greatest challenges. Specific combinations of genetic, behavioural and demographic traits in Hymenoptera are thought to explain their relatively high frequency of eusociality, but quantitative models integrating such preadaptations are lacking. Here we use mathematical models to show that the joint evolution of helping behaviour and maternal sex ratio adjustment can synergistically trigger both a behavioural change from solitary to eusocial breeding, and a demographic change from a life cycle with two reproductive broods to a life cycle in which an unmated cohort of female workers precedes a final generation of dispersing reproductives. Specific suits of preadaptations are particularly favourable to the evolution of eusociality: lifetime monogamy, bivoltinism with male generation overlap, hibernation of mated females and haplodiploidy with maternal sex ratio adjustment. The joint effects of these preadaptations may explain the abundance of eusociality in the Hymenoptera and its virtual absence in other haplodiploid lineages.
Disruption of the C/EBPα—miR-182 balance impairs granulocytic differentiation
Authors: Wurm Alexander Arthur , Zjablovskaja Polina , Kardosova Miroslava , Gerloff Dennis , Bräuer-Hartmann Daniela , Katzerke Christiane , Hartmann Jens-Uwe , Benoukraf Touati , Fricke Stephan , Hilger Nadja , Müller Anne-Marie , Bill Marius , Schwind Sebastian , Tenen Daniel G. , Niederwieser Dietger , Alberich-Jorda Meritxell , Behre Gerhard
Published: June 2017

Transcription factor C/EBPα is a master regulator of myelopoiesis and its inactivation is associated with acute myeloid leukemia. Deregulation of C/EBPα by microRNAs during granulopoiesis or acute myeloid leukemia development has not been studied. Here we show that oncogenic miR-182 is a strong regulator of C/EBPα. Moreover, we identify a regulatory loop between C/EBPα and miR-182. While C/EBPα blocks miR-182 expression by direct promoter binding during myeloid differentiation, enforced expression of miR-182 reduces C/EBPα protein level and impairs granulopoiesis in vitro and in vivo. In addition, miR-182 expression is highly elevated particularly in acute myeloid leukemia patients with C-terminal CEBPA mutations, thereby depicting a mechanism by which C/EBPα blocks miR-182 expression. Furthermore, we present miR-182 expression as a prognostic marker in cytogenetically high-risk acute myeloid leukemia patients. Our data demonstrate the importance of a controlled balance between C/EBPα and miR-182 for the maintenance of healthy granulopoiesis.
Photosynthesis-dependent H2O2 transfer from chloroplasts to nuclei provides a high-light signalling mechanism
Authors: Exposito-Rodriguez Marino , Laissue Pierre Philippe , Yvon-Durocher Gabriel , Smirnoff Nicholas , Mullineaux Philip M.
Published: June 2017

Chloroplasts communicate information by signalling to nuclei during acclimation to fluctuating light. Several potential operating signals originating from chloroplasts have been proposed, but none have been shown to move to nuclei to modulate gene expression. One proposed signal is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by chloroplasts in a light-dependent manner. Using HyPer2, a genetically encoded fluorescent H2O2 sensor, we show that in photosynthetic Nicotiana benthamiana epidermal cells, exposure to high light increases H2O2 production in chloroplast stroma, cytosol and nuclei. Critically, over-expression of stromal ascorbate peroxidase (H2O2 scavenger) or treatment with DCMU (photosynthesis inhibitor) attenuates nuclear H2O2 accumulation and high light-responsive gene expression. Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase over-expression has little effect on nuclear H2O2 accumulation and high light-responsive gene expression. This is because the H2O2 derives from a sub-population of chloroplasts closely associated with nuclei. Therefore, direct H2O2 transfer from chloroplasts to nuclei, avoiding the cytosol, enables photosynthetic control over gene expression.
Unveiling the hidden nematicity and spin subsystem in FeSe
Authors: Luo Chih-Wei , Chung Cheng Po , Wang Shun-Hung , Chiang Jen-Che , Lin Jiunn-Yuan , Wu Kaung-Hsiung , Juang Jenh-Yih , Chareev Dmitry A. , Volkova Olga S. , Vasiliev Alexander N.
Published: June 2017

The nematic order (nematicity) is considered as one of the essential ingredients to understand the mechanism of Fe-based superconductivity. In most Fe-based superconductors (pnictides), nematic order is reasonably close to the antiferromagnetic order. In FeSe, in contrast, a nematic order emerges below the structure phase transition at Ts = 90 K with no magnetic order. The case of FeSe is of paramount importance to a universal picture of Fe-based superconductors. The polarized ultrafast spectroscopy provides a tool to probe simultaneously the electronic structure and the magnetic interactions through quasiparticle dynamics. Here we show that this approach reveals both the electronic and magnetic nematicity below and, surprisingly, its fluctuations far above Ts to at least 200 K. The quantitative pump–probe data clearly identify a correlation between the topology of the Fermi surface and the magnetism in all temperature regimes, thus providing profound insight into the driving factors of nematicity in FeSe and the origin of its uniqueness.
Plasma homocysteine and cerebral small vessel disease as possible mediators between kidney and cognitive functions in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sonoda Mika , Shoji Tetsuo , Kuwamura Yukinobu , Okute Yujiro , Naganuma Toshihide , Shima Hideaki , Motoyama Koka , Morioka Tomoaki , Mori Katsuhito , Fukumoto Shinya , Shioi Atsushi , Shimono Taro , Fujii Hisako , Kabata Daijiro , Shintani Ayumi , Emoto Masanori , Inaba Masaaki
Published: June 2017

Cognitive impairment is more prevalent in those with decreased kidney function. We tested a hypothesis that an increased homocysteine and/or cerebral small vessel diseases (SVDs) mediate the link between kidney and cognitive functions in a cross-sectional study in 143 type 2 diabetes patients without diagnosis of dementia or prior stroke. The exposure and outcome variables were estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and cognitive performance evaluated with Modified Mini-Mental State (3 MS) examination, respectively. The candidate mediators were plasma homocysteine concentration, and SVDs including silent cerebral infarction, cerebral microbleed, periventricular hyperintensity, and deep and subcortical white matter hyperintensity by magnetic resonance imaging. In multiple regression models adjusted for 12 potential confounders, eGFR was positively associated with 3 MS score, inversely with homocysteine, but not significantly with the presence of any type of SVD. The association of eGFR with 3 MS remained significant when each of the SVDs was added to the model, whereas it disappeared when homocysteine was included in place of SVD. Mediation analysis indicated nearly significant mediation of homocysteine (P = 0.062) but no meaningful mediations of SVDs (P = 0.842–0.930). Thus, homocysteine, not SVDs, was shown to be the possible mediator between kidney and cognitive functions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
A green route to prepare fluorescent and absorbent nano-hybrid hydrogel for water detection
Authors: Wu Yiqiang , Wang Lijun , Qing Yan , Yan Ning , Tian Cuihua , Huang Yuanxin
Published: June 2017

An environment-friendly fluorescent nano-hybrid hydrogel has been synthesized successfully, from cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), acrylic acid (AA) and phosphorescent Eu2+/Dy3+doped SrAl2O4via free radical polymerization. The hydrogel network matrix fixed Eu2+/Dy3+doped SrAl2O4nanoparticles by polymer chains with coordinate bonds that prevented particles from aggregating and quenching in water. The fluorescent nano-hybrid hydrogel exhibited extremely high water absorption of which the swelling ratio in distilled water and NaCl salt solution were respectively of 323.35 g/g and 32.65 g/g. Furthermore, the hydrogel displayed excellent water retention property that can keep half of the moisture even exposed to 80 °C for 210 min. Besides, the hydrogel had bright green fluorescence under the sunlight or ultraviolet excitation, and the fluorescence intensity was up to 125477 after swelling 50 times in water. The time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) afterglow decay examination showed that the fluorescent emission persisted for 4 h after hydrogels excited at 368 nm wavelength UV-light for 10 min. The fluorescence intensity behaved significant linear relationship with the swelling ratio. As a result, these hydrogels were considered as promising candidates for the preparation of stable and sensitive sensor materials in green water detection.
Aminoglycoside-driven biosynthesis of selenium-deficient Selenoprotein P
Authors: Renko Kostja , Martitz Janine , Hybsier Sandra , Heynisch Bjoern , Voss Linn , Everley Robert A. , Gygi Steven P. , Stoedter Mette , Wisniewska Monika , Köhrle Josef , Gladyshev Vadim N. , Schomburg Lutz
Published: June 2017

Selenoprotein biosynthesis relies on the co-translational insertion of selenocysteine in response to UGA codons. Aminoglycoside antibiotics interfere with ribosomal function and may cause codon misreading. We hypothesized that biosynthesis of the selenium (Se) transporter selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is particularly sensitive to antibiotics due to its ten in frame UGA codons. As liver regulates Se metabolism, we tested the aminoglycosides G418 and gentamicin in hepatoma cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B and Hepa1-6) and in experimental mice. In vitro, SELENOP levels increased strongly in response to G418, whereas expression of the glutathione peroxidases GPX1 and GPX2 was marginally affected. Se content of G418-induced SELENOP was dependent on Se availability, and was completely suppressed by G418 under Se-poor conditions. Selenocysteine residues were replaced mainly by cysteine, tryptophan and arginine in a codon-specific manner. Interestingly, in young healthy mice, antibiotic treatment failed to affect Selenop biosynthesis to a detectable degree. These findings suggest that the interfering activity of aminoglycosides on selenoprotein biosynthesis can be severe, but depend on the Se status, and other parameters likely including age and general health. Focused analyses with aminoglycoside-treated patients are needed next to evaluate a possible interference of selenoprotein biosynthesis by the antibiotics and elucidate potential side effects.
Site-specific gene expression analysis using an automated tissue micro-dissection punching system
Authors: Yoda Takuya , Hosokawa Masahito , Takahashi Kiyofumi , Sakanashi Chikako , Takeyama Haruko , Kambara Hideki
Published: June 2017

Site-specific gene expression analyses are important for understanding tissue functions. Despite rapid developments in DNA-related technologies, the site-specific analysis of whole genome expression for a tissue remains challenging. Thus, a new tool is required for capturing multiple tissue micro-dissections or single cells while retaining the positional information. Here, we describe the development of such a system, which can pick up micro-dissections by punching a tissue repeatedly in a very short period, e.g., 5 s/sampling cycle. A photo of the punched tissue provides information on the dissected positions, allowing site-specific gene expression analysis. We demonstrate the site-specific analysis of a frozen tissue slice of mouse brain by analyzing many micro-dissections produced from the tissue at a 300-μm pitch. The site-specific analysis provided new insights into the gene expression profiles in a tissue and on tissue functions. The analysis of site-specific whole genome expression may therefore, open new avenues in life science.
Spectral insights into the transformation and distribution of CdSe quantum dots in microorganisms during food-chain transport
Authors: Tian Li-Jiao , Peng Yong , Chen Dong-Liang , Ma Jing-Yuan , Yu Han-Qing , Li Wen-Wei
Published: June 2017

The discharge of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into environment is raising widespread concern not only due to their direction bio-toxicity but also their bio-concentration and bio-magnification through food web. However, the transformation and distribution of ENMs during food-chain transport are poorly understood, due to lack of accurate, reliable analytical methods. In this study, by using a suite of advanced spectrum techniques, we successfully tracked the distribution and biotransformation dynamics of CdSe quantum dots (QDs) during their transport fromShewanella onedensistoCaenorchabditis elegansin predation. Fluorescence microscopy and Raman mapping showed that the ingested QDs byC. eleganswere located at the gut lumen and subcutaneous tissue, and were partially excreted from the nematode body over time. Micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) spectroscopy and Se K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) results further revealed the changed distribution of Se element over time, and a shift in the major Se species from CdSe to Se0and Na2SeO3IV. This work demonstrates the utility of advanced spectral techniques for characterizing QDsin vivo, and may facilitate a better understanding on the environmental transformation and fates of ENMs.
Ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection of urea by highly ordered Au/Cu hybrid nanostructure arrays
Authors: Chen Kun , Zhang Xinyi , MacFarlane Douglas R.
Published: June 2017

We report a simple approach to fabricate cost-effective and highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates based on Au/Cu hybrid nanostructure arrays for the detection of urea, an important molecule in biological and medical fields.
Single-photon absorption of isolated collagen mimetic peptides and triple-helix models in the VUV-X energy range
Authors: Schwob Lucas , Lalande Mathieu , Rangama Jimmy , Egorov Dmitrii , Hoekstra Ronnie , Pandey Rahul , Eden Samuel , Schlathölter Thomas , Vizcaino Violaine , Poully Jean-Christophe
Published: June 2017

By monitoring ionization and fragmentation after single-photon absorption, we show that an isolated collagen triple helix model is stabilized by proline hydroxylation.
Effects of annealing atmosphere and rGO concentration on the optical properties and enhanced photocatalytic performance of SnSe/rGO nanocomposites
Authors: Shiravizadeh A. Ghorban , Yousefi Ramin , Elahi S. M. , Sebt S. A.
Published: June 2017

The photocatalytic properties of SnSe nanostructures (NSs) and SnSe/graphene nanocomposites with different graphene concentrations (5, 10, and 15 wt%/v) were investigated.
The formation mechanism of the initial C–C chain in ethanol synthesis on γ-AlOOH(100)
Authors: Zhang Lin , Bai Bing , Bai Hui , Huang Wei , Gao Zhi-Hua , Zuo Zhi-Jun , Lv Yong-Kang
Published: June 2017

The γ-AlOOH(100) surface shows high reactivity for the initial C–C chain formation in ethanol synthesis.
Two coexisting liquid phases in switchable ionic liquids
Authors: Yao Juan , Lao David B. , Sui Xiao , Zhou Yufan , Nune Satish K. , Ma Xiang , Troy Tyler P. , Ahmed Musa , Zhu Zihua , Heldebrant David J. , Yu Xiao-Ying
Published: June 2017

Switchable ionic liquids are attractive in gas capture, separations, and nanomaterial synthesis.
Challenges and breakthroughs in post-combustion catalysis: how to match future stringent regulations
Authors: Granger P.
Published: June 2017

This short overview briefly summarizes the prominent evolutions and scientific breakthroughs in the development of end-of-pipe technologies with respect to the standard regulations of atmospheric pollutant emissions from automotive exhaust.
MoS2 quantum dot-modified Ag/polyaniline composites with enhanced photogenerated carrier separation for highly efficient visible light photocatalytic H2 evolution performance
Authors: Wang Xiufang , Chen Shaohua , Zhang Miaomiao , Huang Youyou , Feng Shaojie , Zhao Donglin
Published: June 2017

Uniform heterostructured MoS2 QDs–Ag/PANI composites are fabricated, which exhibit significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity for H2 production under visible light irradiation.
Morphology dependent catalysis and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) studies using Pd nanostructures in DNA, CTAB and PVA scaffolds
Authors: Kundu Subrata , Yi Su-In , Ma Lian , Chen Yunyun , Dai Wei , Sinyukov Alexander M. , Liang Hong
Published: June 2017

Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) having three different morphologies have been synthesized by UV-photo activation route. The effect of NP morphology has been tested for the catalysis reaction and in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) studies.
Plasmonic enhancement of SERS measured on molecules in carbon nanotubes
Authors: Mueller Niclas S. , Heeg Sebastian , Kusch Patryk , Gaufrès Etienne , Tang Nathalie Y.-W. , Hübner Uwe , Martel Richard , Vijayaraghavan Aravind , Reich Stephanie
Published: June 2017

We isolated the plasmonic contribution to surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and found it to be much stronger than expected. Organic dyes encapsulated in single-walled carbon nanotubes are ideal probes for quantifying plasmonic enhancement in a Raman experiment. The molecules are chemically protected through the nanotube wall and spatially isolated from the metal, which prevents enhancement by chemical means and through surface roughness. The tubes carry molecules into SERS hotspots, thereby defining molecular position and making it accessible for structural characterization with atomic-force and electron microscopy. We measured a SERS enhancement factor of 106 on α-sexithiophene (6T) molecules in the gap of a plasmonic nanodimer. This is two orders of magnitude stronger than predicted by the electromagnetic enhancement theory (104). We discuss various phenomena that may explain the discrepancy (including hybridization, static and dynamic charge transfer, surface roughness, uncertainties in molecular position and orientation), but found all of them lacking in enhancement for our probe system. We suggest that plasmonic enhancement in SERS is, in fact, much stronger than currently anticipated. We discuss novel approaches for treating SERS quantum mechanically that appear promising for predicting correct enhancement factors. Our findings have important consequences on the understanding of SERS as well as for designing and optimizing plasmonic substrates.
Separation and detection of gold nanoparticles with capillary electrophoresis and ICP-MS in single particle mode (CE-SP-ICP-MS)
Authors: Franze Bastian , Strenge Ingo , Engelhard Carsten
Published: June 2017

A method for the identification, separation, and detection of engineered nanoparticles using CE-ICP-MS in single particle mode is described.
Compositional studies of functional orthodontic archwires using prompt-gamma activation analysis at a pulsed neutron source
Authors: Tian Kun V. , Festa Giulia , Szentmiklósi László , Maróti Boglárka , Arcidiacono Laura , Laganà Giuseppina , Andreani Carla , Licoccia Silvia , Senesi Roberto , Cozza Paola
Published: June 2017

Novel time-resolved-PGAA at a pulsed-neutron source was successfully applied for the first time on functional biomaterials for multi-elemental analysis.
Exposed specific (040) and (110) facets of BiVO4 modified with Bi2WO6 nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic performance
Authors: Li Junqi , Zhou Jian , Hao Hongjuan , Li Weijie , Liu Guojun
Published: June 2017

Herein, BVO with homojunction in the (040) and (110) facets modified by Bi2WO6 nanoparticles was prepared via a facile hydrothermal method.
Palladium(ii)–palladium(ii) bonding in two open clamshell dinuclear complexes
Authors: Patra Shanti G. , Shee Nirmal K. , Drew Michael G. B. , Datta Dipankar
Published: June 2017

In two Pd(ii) dimers with Pd–Pd distance ≤3.26 Å, the metal–metal bond order is found to be zero.
Kinetic investigations of Cl atom initiated photo-oxidation reactions of cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons in the gas phase: an experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Vijayakumar S. , Ramya C. B. , Kumar Avinash , Rajakumar B.
Published: June 2017

Cl atom initiated photo oxidation kinetics of cyclohexene and cycloheptene.
Zeolitic imidazolate framework monoliths with high mesoporosity and effective adsorption of toluene from aqueous solution
Authors: Wang An , Jin Miao , Li Na , Ma Yan , Chen Ling , Ma Dan , Chen Bao-Xin , Gao Feng , Tian Yun-Qi , Shi Yu-Kun
Published: June 2017

A monolithic mesoMOF based on ZIF-8 is created as an efficient adsorbent for toluene from aqueous solution.
Nonribosomal peptide synthetase biosynthetic clusters of ESKAPE pathogens
Authors: Gulick Andrew M.
Published: June 2017

This review describes the peptide natural products produced by NRPS biosynthetic gene clusters from the ESKAPE pathogens.
Top-down and bottom-up approaches to transparent, flexible and luminescent nitrogen-doped carbon nanodot-clay hybrid films
Authors: Dimos Konstantinos , Arcudi Francesca , Kouloumpis Antonios , Koutselas Ioannis B. , Rudolf Petra , Gournis Dimitrios , Prato Maurizio
Published: June 2017

Transparent, flexible and luminescent hybrid films composed of 2D-ordered nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots and clays are synthesized via top-down and bottom-up approaches.
Compressed few-layer black phosphorus nanosheets from semiconducting to metallic transition with the highest symmetry
Authors: Xiao Guanjun , Cao Ye , Qi Guangyu , Wang Lingrui , Zeng Qingxin , Liu Chuang , Ma Zhiwei , Wang Kai , Yang Xinyi , Sui Yongming , Zheng Weitao , Zou Bo
Published: June 2017

The high-pressure response of few-layer black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets remains elusive, despite the special interest in it particularly after the achievement of an exotic few-layer BP based field effect transistor.
Functional multisite copolymer by one-pot sequential RAFT copolymerization of styrene and maleic anhydride
Authors: Moriceau Guillaume , Gody Guillaume , Hartlieb Matthias , Winn Joby , Kim HyungSoo , Mastrangelo Antonio , Smith Timothy , Perrier Sébastien
Published: June 2017

Functional multisite copolymers with a controlled number and position of side chains were synthesized by a one-pot RAFT polymerization process and post-functionalization.
Introduction of anti-fouling coatings at the surface of supramolecular elastomeric materials via post-modification of reactive supramolecular additives
Authors: Goor Olga J. G. M. , Brouns Joyce E. P. , Dankers Patricia Y. W.
Published: June 2017

A covalent anti-fouling is introduced at the surface of supramolecular ureidopyrimidinone (UPy) based materials to prevent both protein and cell adhesion.
RAFT iniferter polymerization in miniemulsion using visible light
Authors: Jung Kenward , Boyer Cyrille , Zetterlund Per B.
Published: June 2017

Methodology for the successful implementation of RAFT (4-cyano-4[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl]pentanoic acid (CDTPA)) iniferter polymerization of butyl methacrylate in miniemulsion using visible light (green light; λmax = 530 nm) has been developed.
Morphology control enables thickness-insensitive efficient nonfullerene polymer solar cells
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Ye Long , Zhao Wenchao , Zhang Shaoqing , Li Sunsun , Su Gregory M. , Wang Cheng , Ade Harald , Hou Jianhui
Published: June 2017

Thermal annealing can be used to achieve thickness-insensitive non-fullerene polymer solar cells.
Multifunctional triple-porous Fe3O4@SiO2 superparamagnetic microspheres for potential hyperthermia and controlled drug release
Authors: Lu Xuegang , Liu Qianru , Wang Liqun , Jiang Wenfeng , Zhang Wenying , Song Xiaoping
Published: June 2017

Magnetic porous particles with high magnetization and large surface area hold great potential for multimodal therapies.
Synthesis and surface-enhanced Raman scattering of indium nanotriangles and nanowires
Authors: Das Rupali , Soni R. K.
Published: June 2017

Indium nano-wires and -triangles are synthesizedviaa modified polyol reduction method and self-assembled on silane treated glass coverslips as SERS substrates, giving large Raman signal enhancement from adsorbed tryptophan molecules under non-resonant excitation at 632.8 nm.
Induced alignment of a reactive mesogen-based polymer electrolyte for dye-sensitised solar cells
Authors: Kamarudin M. A. , Khan A. A. , Tan E. , Rughoobur G. , Said S. M. , Qasim M. M. , Wilkinson T. D.
Published: June 2017

Controlling the morphology of liquid crystal-directed polymer templates at the micrometer scale using external alignment layers and electric fields.
Facile construction of gemini-like surfactants at the interface and their effects on the interfacial tension of a water/model oil system
Authors: Zhou Hongtao , Wu Hongyan , Yang Yuping , Leng Xu , Liang Yipu , Lian Peng , Song Yilei , Yi Zewen , Liu Jingping , Jia Han
Published: June 2017

Gemini-like surfactants were fabricated by combining sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and butane-1,4-bis(methylimidazolium bromide) at the interface and evaluated for their ability to reduce the interfacial tension between water and a model oil.
In situ inorganic flame retardant modified hemp and its polypropylene composites
Authors: Zhao W. J. , Hu Q. X. , Zhang N. N. , Wei Y. C. , Zhao Q. , Zhang Y. M. , Dong J. B. , Sun Z. Y. , Liu B. J. , Li L. , Hu W.
Published: June 2017

Mechanism of the chemical treatment on the hemp.
Ferromagnetic-like behaviour in bismuth ferrite films prepared by electrodeposition and subsequent heat treatment
Authors: Bilican Doga , Menéndez Enric , Zhang Jin , Solsona Pau , Fornell Jordina , Pellicer Eva , Sort Jordi
Published: June 2017

BiFeO3 films are achieved by electrodeposition followed by heat-treatment in air. The films show ferromagnetic-like behaviour at room temperature.
Improved sensitivity of UV sensors in hierarchically structured arrays of network-loaded ZnO nanorods via optimization techniques
Authors: Akhtarianfar Seyed Farshad , Khayatian Ali , Shakernejad Rouhollah , Almasi-Kashi Mohammad , Hong Suck Won
Published: June 2017

Hierarchically nanostructured arrays of network-loaded ZnO nanorods for use in enhanced UV photodetectors based on the Taguchi approach.
Synthesis of 5,5-difluoro-5-phosphono-pent-2-en-1-yl nucleosides as potential antiviral agents
Authors: Chevrier F. , Chamas Z. , Lequeux T. , Pfund E. , Andrei G. , Snoeck R. , Roy V. , Agrofoglio L. A.
Published: June 2017

A series of hitherto unknown acyclic 5,5-difluoro-5-phosphono-pent-2-en-1-yl-pyrimidines, -purines and -(1,2,4)-triazolo-3-carboxamide were successfully synthesized from (E)-1-bromo-5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5,5-difluoro-pent-2-ene in a stereoselective manner.
The electrochemical behavior of an aluminum alloy anode for rechargeable Al-ion batteries using an AlCl3–urea liquid electrolyte
Authors: Wang Chen , Li Junfeng , Jiao Handong , Tu Jiguo , Jiao Shuqiang
Published: June 2017

A novel Al-ion battery based on an Al alloy anode, pyrolytic graphite paper cathode, and low-cost AlCl3–urea liquid analogue electrolyte was successfully established. The present Al alloy/PG battery can afford a capacity as high as 105 mA h g−1.
KCC-1/GMSI/VB12 as a new nano catalyst for the carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura crosscoupling reaction
Authors: Sadeghzadeh Seyed Mohsen , Zhiani Rahele , Emrani Shokufe
Published: June 2017

KCC-1/GMSI/VB12 was evaluated for the carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura crosscoupling reaction between carbon monoxide, 4-iodoanisole and phenylboronic acid afforded the desired products in high yield.