bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulation Shooting Gel on Jamblang Fruit (Syzgium cumini) as Sunscreen and Physical Stability
Authors: Ariani Lilies Wahyu , Rahardhian Muhammad Ryan Radix , Prasetyaningrum Erna
Published: June 2020

Effect of exposure ultraviolet light, which is bad for human skin, results in sunburn, dryness, premature aging until skin cancer occurs. Shooting gel is a cosmetic product that is just a trend in the community, containing active ingredients with high concentrations, making it suitable for use as a sunscreen. Previous studies of jamblang have antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study is to obtain a stable, optimum formula for shooting jamblang fruit gel by determining the SPF value and measuring the irritation index. Shooting jamblang fruit gel made four concentrations (60, 70, 80, and 90%) and evaluated physical characteristics, determination of SPF values, and stability test. The data obtained were analyzed with a different 95% confidence level test to find out a significant difference between the treatment groups. The results of the research of positive jamblang fruit contain flavonoid compounds, phenolic, polyphenols, tannins, anthocyanins, and saponins. Evaluation of physical characteristics shows that variations in concentration do not affect viscosity (p > 0.05) but affect pH, dispersion, and adhesion (p 0.05). SPF FI value of 5.46 (Medium); FII of 11.45 (maximum); FIII of 8.51 (maximum); FIV of 34.73 (Ultra). The Greater the concentration, the greater the SPF value. Stability Shooting jamblang fruit gel almost all formulas there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) on the evaluation of viscosity, adhesion, and dispersion. At pH, there were significant differences in all formulas (p 0.05).
Kritik unserer zynischen Lebensweise. Warum handeln wir wider besseres Wissen?
Authors: Richter Matthias
Published: June 2020

Eine Kernfrage angesichts des Klimanotstands drängt sich auf: Warum handeln wir seit Jahrzehnten wider besseres Wissen und gefährden so noch die Zukunft der folgenden Generationen? Die Reflexion der daran beteiligten psychodynamischen Motive und Abwehrmechanismen, wie sie Psychologen in diesem Zusammenhang häufig beschreiben, scheinen diesbezüglich nicht hinlänglich. Der Grund unserer zynischen Lebensweise könnte zudem auch in der Verwahrlosung des öffentlichen und politischen Raumes liegen bzw. der damit einhergehenden existenziellen Haltung. Offensichtlich fehlen uns heute kulturell lebendige Werte und gesellschaftliche Utopien, fehlt uns die gemeinschaftliche Liebe zur Natur und das Empfinden für soziale Gerechtigkeit, um dafür auf liebgewonnene Konsum-Gewohnheiten zu verzichten. Wie wir uns auf diese Weise von der Mitwelt und irgendwie auch von uns selbst entfernt haben, darauf verweisen die beiden Schlüsselbegriffe der »Entfremdung« und des »Zynismus«. Zwei Begriffe, die in Zeiten des Klimanotstands eine erschreckende Aktualität entfalten.
Oriental Mythopoetics in S. P. Balabin’s Novel “Born from Lotus”
Authors: Kirillova Elena Olegovna , Feshchenko Dmitrii Sergeevich
Published: June 2020

The article examines S. P. Balabin’s novel “Born from Lotus”. The research objectives are as follows: an analysis of oriental mythopoetical images, motives, spiritual and religious conceptions the author refers to; artistic reconstruction of a local folkloric story (medieval legend of Tsar Kuanyun). Scientific originality of the study is determined by the fact that S. P. Balabin’s novel has not been previously investigated from the viewpoint of oriental mythopoetics. The conducted research allows concluding that oriental images and motives, cults, beliefs are associated with animalism and shamanism, and the motives of non-action, naturalness, meditation, immortality are considered within the paradigm of the Taoist worldview.
Yalın ve Farklı Oranlarda Yonca, Korunga ile Ryegrass Hâsıllarının Silaj ve Yem Kalitesine Etkisinin Araştırılması
Authors: TURAN Nizamettin , SEYDOŞOĞLU Seyithan
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yalın ve farklı oranlarda karıştırılan yonca (Medicago sativa L.), korunga (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) ve İtalan çimi (Lolium multiflorum Lam) hâsıllarının silaj ve yem kalitesine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Denemede bitki materyali olarak; Kayseri yonca çeşidi, Lütfibey korunga çeşidi ve Caramba İtalyan çimi çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma; Siirt Üniversitesi Tarla Bitkileri deneme tarlasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada yalın ve farklı oranlarda (75:25, 50:50, 25:75) silajlara ait pH, kuru madde, ham protein, flieg puanı, asit deterjanda çözünmeyen lif (ADF), nötr deterjanda çözünmeyen lif (NDF), sindirilebilir kuru madde (SKM), kuru madde tüketimi (KMT) ve nispi yem değerleri (NYD) incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre; silajlara ait ortalama pH değeri 4.89, kuru madde oranı %38.35, ham protein oranı %17.05, flieg değeri 86.52 puan, ADF oranı %33.07, NDF oranı %45.46, SKM oranı %63.14, KMT oranı %2.70 ve NYD ise 132.09 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Saf yoncadan elde edilen silaj kalitesinin diğer yalın ve karışımlara göre daha üstün olduğu saptanmıştır.
The Trojan War at the Court of Ivan the Terrible
Authors: Bushkovitch Paul
Published: June 2020

The Illustrated Chronicle Compilation, one of the great projects of Ivan the Terrible’s reign, included a full Russian translation of the History of the Destruction of Troy by the thirteenth century Sicilian judge, Guido delle Colonne. A prose version of a French romance of chivalry, the text fits poorly with our conceptions of sixteenth century Russian culture. Was it history or fiction? Was it secular, or is that term not useful? Partial answers come from references to the text by the boyar V. M. Tuchkov, Ivan himself, and the use of the text by later authors after the Time of Troubles.
Pressure Cookers, Safety Valves, and Mass Terror during the Oprichnina
Authors: Martin Janet
Published: June 2020

It is not possible to understand Ivan iv and his policies, Charles Halperin emphasizes, without taking into account Muscovite political, economic, social, and cultural history. To explain the mass terror that characterized the oprichnina, Halperin delves particularly into social history and finds the roots of the terror in the establishment and enlargement of the gentry, which entailed a high degree of social mobility. Without any mechanisms for releasing the anxiety produced by social mobility, social pressures mounted until the establishment of the oprichnina provided an opportunity for the gentry to release their frustrations in unrestrained violence. An inquiry into a wider range of social and economic developments reveals that the gentry had to deal with stress arising from multiple sources, more disturbing and persistent than social mobility. It also indicates that the gentry did have mechanisms at their disposal to express and alleviate their anxieties. This inquiry does not confirm or reject Halperin’s conclusion that gentry oprichniki, contravening Ivan’s intent, were responsible for unleashing mass terror. It does suggest that to discover the roots of the gentry’s actions it may be necessary to consider a wider range of factors in Muscovy’s complex, dynamic social and economic history.
Electoral Performance and Mobilization of Opposition Parties in Russia
Authors: Semenov Andrei
Published: June 2020

This paper documents the patterns of opposition parties’ engagement with street politics in Russia. It claims that in the electoral authoritarian regimes like Russia under Vladimir Putin, public protests remain a viable instrument for reaching out to the constituencies and eliciting concessions from the regime. In addition, collective actions signal commitment and strength and help to overcome the media blockade usually imposed by the state. However, in order to be a successful player in contentious politics, parties have to develop organizational capacity. Using the data on more than 7000 protest events that took place in Russia in 2012–2015, I show that the regional party branches with higher electoral returns in federal and regional elections organize more protest events controlling for other possible determinants of mobilization. The Communist Party remains the major mobilizing force covering a large array of issues and demands. However, the loyal opposition—LDPR and Just Russia—and the liberal parties like Yabloko and People’s Freedom Party also consistently stage the public protests with their electoral performance on the regional level being associated with the level of their protest activity. Overall, the study shows that the organizational capacity of the opposition is necessary though insufficient condition for the parties to engage with street politics.
Strengthening and finishing of hard-to-reach technological flow channels of parts
Authors: Nekrylov Andrey , Grymzin Andrey , Podgornov Sergey , Sokolnikov Vasiliy , Suhochev Gennadiy
Published: June 2020

A method is offered for profile surface strengthening in blade part channels. This method integrates processes of vibration and extrusion processing. During processing the oscillations from a vibratory machine are passed to the part worked and located within a cylindrical container with granulated during processing work environment. Under the impact of low-frequency vibrations at the expense of periodic alternate container revolutions a reciprocal shift of strengthening granulated environment on inter-blade channels of the part takes place.
Process analysis of technological complex operation with different kinds of depreciating failures by path methods
Authors: Zamoryonov Mihail , Kopp Vadim , Rapatsky Yuriy , Zamoryonova Daria , Lipka Victoria
Published: June 2020

The application of a path method allowing the simulation of the process of semi-mark system operation is considered. There is shown a sample of the technological complex during the operation of which various failures are possible. The simulation of the technological complex taking into account depreciating failures is carried out; the accuracy of the path method is confirmed.
Effect of organic manures on growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L)
Authors: Kadam J. H. , Kamble B. M.
Published: June 2020

The use of organic manures in the agricultural plays a vital role in improving the quality of turmeric as well as improving the soil health. Turmeric is having a close relation with human health; hence demand of organically grown turmeric is increasing tremendously. A field trial was conducted to study the effect of different organic manures (generally recommended fertilizer dose, farmyard manure, vermicompost, press mud compost, poultry manure, sugarcane trash, wheat straw, turmeric trash and jeevamrut ) on the yield and curcumin content of turmeric Cv. Phule Swarupa on Inceptisol at Agricultural Research Station, Dist-Sangli, Maharashtra, India. The trial was conducted on the fixed site of soil for the continuous of five years (2009-2013). The maximum dry yield (62.42 q ha-1) of the turmeric was recorded by application of the general recommended dose of fertilizer (GRDF) i. e. 25 MT FYM + 200:100:100 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1 which was at par with the vermicompost (11.36 T ha-1). The highest number of leaves per tiller and number of tillers per plant, plant height and curcumin content was recorded in the GRDF, which was at par with vermicompost. The highest benefit: cost ratio (1.59) was also noticed in GRDF, which was at par with the application of vermicompost (1.54) on a nitrogen basis. The soil available nutrient status was taken into consideration during experimentation. The application of vermicompost (11.36 T ha-1) along with Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Azospirillium @ 5 kg ha-1, respectively at the time of planting was found superior for higher dry yield (55.45 q ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs. 137035) and maintenance of soil fertility for organic cultivation of turmeric.
Studies on the morphology of leukaemic blast cells in relation to haematological parameters
Authors: Agase D. M. , Zade S. B. , Markam M. S. , Mohurle P.M. , Chaudhari P.R. , Padole S.P. , Bandebuche P.R. , Bhoyar P.D. , Pangal A.D. , Ganju A.K.
Published: June 2020

A combination of haematological parameters with morphological evaluation of peripheral blood and bone marrow blast cells is crucial for leukaemia diagnosis. FAB (French– American–British) classification is a simple and powerful diagnostic tool for leukaemia           in developing countries like India. Differentiation block in the early stages of haematopoiesis and morphological characteristics of leukemic blast cells are directly related to haematological parameters. The present study is an approach to increase understanding of the simple morphological FAB classification of leukaemia  in relation to haematological parameters. The present study revealed that Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia  (CML) was the most common type of leukaemia , followed by Acute Myeloid Leukaemia, Acute Lymphoid Leukaemia  (ALL), and Chronic Lymphoid Leukaemia  (CLL) in Nagpur. Most of the cases of Acute Leukaemia  had severe anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Highest variation was found in Total WBCs count of different types of leukaemia , particularly in different subtypes of AML. The present study also suggested that FAB classification is not outdated, but it does require continuous revalidation and other procedures for refinement.
Economic analysis of integrated farming systems in the Kuttanad region of Kerala state, India: A case study
Authors: Sabu Aiswarya , Padma Rani S , Vidhyavathi A
Published: June 2020

Agriculture, with its allied sectors, is unquestionably the largest livelihood provider in India. According to Committee on Doubling of Farmers’ Income Report, the average annual earning of a small and marginal farmer household was Rs 79,779 in 2015-16 and indicates that 86% of farmer households earn only 9% of total income and rest of the farmers earn 91% of total income. Integrated farming system practised mostly by small and marginal farmers, is a viable option for increasing farm income. The present study was undertaken to identify the farming systems practised by small and marginal holdings in Kuttanad region of Kerala state, India and also attempts to assess the profitability of these farms and suggest optimal farm plans using linear programming technique. The study revealed that rice + fish and Coconut + Banana+ Dairy cow + Poultry+ Goat were the most profitable farming systems with a benefit cost ratio of 2.63 and 2.86, respectively. The resource allocation in the existing plan was sub-optimal. The optimisation of resource use led to maximization of net returns, indicating the potential for realising greater income. The net returns of rice + fish increased from Rs. 181724 to Rs. 220010 in the optimal plan. The study also suggests the extent to which net returns can be increased with additional units of constraint resources viz., land/labour. The net returns in FS IV can be increased by Rs.286177.9 per additional acreage of land allotted.  Thus, the farmers in Kuttanad can increase their income by optimal resource allocation and by deploying additional units of land or labour.
Population dynamics and management of two cichlid species in the Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq
Authors: Mohamed Abdul-Razak M. , Abood Abdullah N.
Published: June 2020

Cichlids are invasive fish to Iraqi waters and became well established and prevailing in different waters. Despite that, there is no stock assessment study conducted for these fish. So, growth, mortality, recruitment and yield-per-recruit of two cichlid’s species; Coptodon zillii and Oreochromis aureus from the Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq were evaluated from November 2015 to October 2016 using the FiSAT software. A total of 1285 C. zillii (2.9-24.0 cm TL) and 1353 O. aureus (4.5-25.0 cm TL) were examined. Length-weight relationships were derived, indicating allometric growth for both species. The growth parameters (L?, K, Rn, to and ?) obtained for C. zillii were 25.5 cm, 0.320, 0.212, -0.793 and 2.318, respectively, while for O. aureus were 27.8, 0.490, 0.214, -0.271 and 2.578, respectively. The annual rate of total mortality (Z), fishing (F) and natural (M) for C. zillii was found to be 1.51, 0.84 and 0.68 respectively, and for O. aureus 2.49, 1.08 and 1.41, respectively. The present exploitation rates (Epresent) for C. zillii and O. aureus were computed to be 0.454 and 0.57, respectively. Lengths at first capture (LC) were 12.97 cm for C. zillii and 13.25 cm for O. aureus. The peaks of recruitment of C. zillii and O. aureus were from February to May and May to July, respectively. The Epresent for C. zillii and O. aureus were below the biological target reference points (F0.1  and Fmax), indicating that these species were not overexploited. For management purposes, more yields could be obtained by an increase in the fishing activities on cichlids.
Linfoma de Burkitt de la calota craneana: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Cerron-Vela Carmen Rosa , Araujo-Banchon William J
Published: June 2020

Introducción: El linfoma de Burkitt es un linfoma no Hodgkin de células B cuya ubicación craneal es extremadamente rara. Caso clínico: Se describe el caso de un hombre peruano de 35 años con una tumoración craneal parietal izquierda de crecimiento progresivo. Para la confirmación diagnóstica de linfoma de Burkitt se realizó una biopsia con inmunohistoquímica. Se inició tratamiento ambulatorio de primera línea con CODOX-M/IVAC, sin embargo, deja de acudir a su tratamiento por 2 meses. Retorna, se le evidencia progresión de la enfermedad y se le trata con rituximab, ifosfamida carboplatino y etopósido. No responde de forma satisfactoria y fallece. Conclusiones: El Linfoma de Burkitt es un tumor muy agresivo que si no es tratado oportunamente presenta alta mortalidad, tal como ocurrió con el paciente del caso.
Prevalencia de síntomas de riesgo asma en adolescentes expuestos a ceniza volcánica, en dos ciudades de la Patagonia
Authors: Zabert Ignacio , Benitez Sergio , Maldonado Prof. Dra. Cristina , Uribe Evhevarría Loli , Zabert Gustavo Enrique
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia de riesgo de asma en adolescentes expuestos a ceniza volcánica a un año de la erupción del Volcán Calbuco, en 2 ciudades con diferentes grado de afectación.

Métodologia: Estudio de Corte Transversal, en adolescentes de 13-14 años en dos ciudades con diferente grado de exposición a ceniza volcánica: San Carlos de Bariloche y Cipolletti. Se aplicó cuestionario y video-cuestionario ISAAC para determinar riesgo de asma. Las variables demográficas y percepción de exposición, se obtuvieron por cuestionario previo a la aplicación de metodología ISAAC.

Resultados: Se encuestaron 511 sujetos en total. Se reportó prevalencia de síntomas de riesgo de asma en Bariloche resultó de 14% comparado con Cipolletti que reportó 10% (p=0.32). Se informó mayor exposición a ceniza volcánica en la ciudad de Bariloche vs. Cipolletti; 14% y 6% respectivamente con p<0.05.

Conclusiones:La falta diferencia estadisticamente significativa respecto a la prevalencia de sintomas de riesgo de asma entre ambas poblaciones con diferente nivel de exposición y tras 18 meses de la erupción volcánica mas exposición respiratoria a ceniza volcánica, pareciera no presentar impacto clínico en la salud respiratoria.
El Cuidado como cambio mínimo necesario para transformar el sistema de salud
Authors: Tripodoro Vilma
Published: June 2020

Introducción: Este artículo asume una reflexión crítica de opinión propositiva sobre la inclusión de la dimensión del cuidado en el sistema de salud. La discusión se contextualiza en las transiciones epidemiológicas del siglo XXI, la cronicidad, la longevidad y la dependencia creciente.

Método: Se sostiene una metáfora experimental de manipulación del genoma constitutivo de los sistemas sanitarios, basados en principios de universalidad, accesibilidad, solidaridad, ética, eficacia y eficiencia, para lograr el cambio mínimo necesario para transformarlos en favor de la humanización, la empatía y la compasión en la asistencia. Se exploran conceptos de autocuidado y cuidado de sí, como una actitud en relación con uno mismo, con los otros y con el mundo, dimensiones del cuidado poco valoradas, usualmente desatendidas o invisibilizadas.

Resultados: Se proponen 10 razones para incluir el modelo ético, moral y pedagógico de los cuidados paliativos en forma transversal referente para todo el sistema y etapas de la vida, así como el liderazgo para llevarlo a cabo.

Conclusión: se ofrece este  modelo transformador para el sistema de salud, como contracara del descuido, de la deshumanización y la anomia,  tanto de los usuarios como de los profesionales de la salud.
Toxicity of Chlorine Dioxide in Drinking Water
Authors: Abdel-Rahman M. S. , Couri D. , Bull R. J.
Published: June 2020

Chlorine dioxide (CIO2) is currently being considered as an alternate to chlorine as a disinfectant for public water supplies. Studies were conducted to determine the toxicity of CIO2 (0, 1, 10, 100, 1000 mg/L) and its metabolites, CIO-2 and CIO-3 (10, 100 mg/L) in drinking water in rats. After 9 months treatment the osmotic fragility of the red blood cells was decreased in all treatment groups, while a decreased blood glutathione was only observed in the metabolite groups. At 2, 4, and 6 months no significant hematologic changes were noted in treated rats compared to control. However, after 9 months RBC counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were decreased in all treatment groups. CIO2, CIO-2, and CIO-3 administered chronically in drinking water for 3 months inhibited the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into nuclei of rat testes. This inhibition was observed in the liver of CIO-2 groups and in the kidney of 100 mg/L CIO2 treatment. The incorporation in small intestinal nuclei was increased in both 10 and 100 mg/L CIO2 and in 10 mg/L CIO-2. The treatment with CI compounds decreased rat body weight in all groups after 10 and 11 months treatment.
Lack of Promoting Effect of Sodium Chlorate and Potassium Chlorate in Two-Stage Rat Renal Carcinogenesis
Authors: Kurokawa Y. , Imazawa T. , Matsushima M. , Takamura N. , Hayashi Y.
Published: June 2020

Sodium chlorate (NaClO3) and potassium chlorate (KClO3), which are byproducts of water disinfection with chlorine dioxide (ClO2), were tested for potential promoting effect in two-stage rat renal carcinogenesis. Three groups of 15 male F344 rats each were given N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine (EHEN) at the level of 0.05% for the first 2 weeks during the initiation phase. Thereafter, the rats were treated orally for 25 weeks with NaClO3 (1%), KClO3 (1%), or distilled water (DW). Three other groups (controls) were treated similarly, except that DW was given in the initiation phase. All animals survived for the duration of the experiment. Renal neoplastic lesions were classified histologically as dysplastic foci (DF) and renal cell tumors (RCT). The number of these lesions per unit area, in six sections from each kidney, was determined microscopically. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidences and in the mean number of DF and RCT of the kidney between compound-and DW-treated rats initiated with EHEN. It is concluded that NaClO3 and KClO3 show no promoting effect in rat renal carcinogenesis under the conditions of this study.
Good Laboratory Practices: A Comparison of the Regulations
Authors: Keener S. K. , Hoover B. K.
Published: June 2020

Recently, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) Regulations under the Toxic Substances Control Act and the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (and under some sections of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act). Quality assurance professionals, toxicologists, and laboratory managers are now confronted with complying with two new sets of regulations in addition to those promulgated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1979. Immediately questions arose concerning the similarities and differences in the FDA and EPA requirements. Therefore, an analysis was performed to determine whether there were significant differences. The findings indicated that 19 sections were similar to the FDA requirements, 5 sections had minor differences, and 4 had major differences. In addition, new sections were added to the EPA regulations addressing compliance statements and the consequences of noncompliance for sponsors and laboratory personnel. The Toxic Substances GLP also incorporated a new subpart covering environmental testing.
GLP Compliance: A Rededication to Effective Quality Assurance
Authors: Lepore P. D.
Published: June 2020

Effective quality assurance serves not only to promote the timely delivery of a final product that conforms to predetermined quality standards but also to assure that the entire work process comports with established regulatory requirements. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published good laboratory practice regulations that became effective on June 20, 1979. The regulations were intended to assure the quality and integrity of the safety data submitted to FDA for regulatory decision making. There is no question that the regulations have had a beneficial effect on the quality of toxicology testing. In general, FDA continues to receive final reports of unquestionable quality. However, more efforts must be directed to gain full compliance to regulatory requirements. These efforts should include an intensification of the role of management in the process and of the role of the quality assurance unit in monitoring the work process. The time has come for a rededication to the principles of effective quality assurance.
The Effect of Shampoos on Rabbit Ileum in Vitro Compared to Eye Irritancy in Vivo
Authors: Muir C. K. , Flower C. , Van Abbé N. J.
Published: June 2020

The concentrations of 5 antidandruff, 7 adult, and 11 baby shampoos required to block spontaneous contractions of rabbit isolated ileum by 50% (EC50) in vitro were determined. In general, antidandruff shampoos were the most potent and baby shampoos least potent in this test. The in vitro ileum EC50s for antidandruff and adult shampoos correlated well with ocular irritancy determined in vivo from samples diluted to 20%. Correlation between in vitro ileum EC50s and in vivo irritancy was poor for baby shampoos, but in vivo irritancy for these samples was barely detectable 24 hours after instillation. The findings suggest that the ileum model may be useful as a possible alternative to in vivo testing for some formulated products, particularly where in vivo irritancy might be more than minimal.
Artificial intelligence as a potential subject of property and intellectual property relations
Authors: Nekit Kateryna , Tokareva Vira , Zubar Volodymyr
Published: June 2020

The article analyzes the possibility to provide legal capacity to artificial intelligence, which would lead to the emergence of a new subject in legal relations. The aim of the article is to reveal whether it is possible to recognize, that artificial intelligence is able to have property and intellectual property rights. To achieve this aim, dialectical, comparative, dogmatic and legal methods are used. It is noted that according to recent studies, there are more and more grounds for recognizing artificial intelligence as subjects of legal relations. Particular attention in the article is paid to the specifics of the status of artificial intelligence in property relations. The consequences of empowering artificial intelligence with the right to property are analyzed. The conclusion is drawn on the appropriateness of such an approach, since this will solve the problem of liability for damage caused by artificial intelligence. The possibility of endowing artificial intelligence with property on the basis of trust before resolving the issue of its legal personality is proposed. Modern approaches to the problem of rights to objects of creativity created by artificial intelligence are considered in the article. The options for the distribution of rights to such objects are analyzed depending on the degree of human participation in their creation and on the level of complexity of the artificial intelligence that creates these objects. The general conclusion is made about the possibility to qualify artificial intelligence as a subject of legal relations, in particular, of property and intellectual property relations.
Turbocharged gasoline engine with separate exhaust valve configuration (TwinAV) – A simulation study
Authors: Gotter Andreas , Gotter Alexander
Published: June 2020

After decades of part-load optimization, increasing demands on maximum efficiency of the combustion engine are bringing technologies such as exhaust heat utilization into focus, particularly as the best operation point can be reached more often due to hybridization and new transmission concepts.Turbocharging is a common and simple method to utilize the exhaust heat of an internal combustion engine. However, static turbocharging exhibits the drawback of exhaust gas backpressure and thus increased residual gas mass in the cylinder.A promising concept to increase optimum efficiency is found in the TwinAV concept, which assigns valve individual cam timing and exhaust configuration. This concept has the capability to reduce the static backpressure in the load exchange loop, while enabling unlimited turbocharged operation.Within this work, a 1-D simulation model was adapted to an existing 4-cylinder gasoline TC engine. Subsequently the TwinAV concept was applied to this engine model and results were compared.In this research two possible layouts have been considered: The first layout is designed for full engine operation over the entire engine speed and load range. This layout demonstrates that the specific fuel consumption can be reduced by up to 6.4% at 23 bar IMEP, whereby a reduction of 2.5% could be achieved at 15 bar IMEP.The second layout was designed for steady-state operation with shorter cam event lengths. This layout shows a theoretical potential for up to 10% efficiency gain. An initial cost estimate shows that the costs per gram of CO2 saved are quite attractive.
BIOGRAFI TOKOH-TOKOH SOSIOLOGI Klasik sampai Postmodern
Authors: BAKRI WAHYUDDIN
Published: June 2020

Buku ini berusaha menyajikan riwayat hidup secara sistematis, konsep hingga teori dari pada tokoh-tokoh sosiologi klasik diantaranya Ibnu Khaldun, Herber Spencer, Aguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, Karl Marx, George Simmel, Sigmund Frued, Herbert Mead.Sementara tokoh sosiologi modern diantaranya Du Bois, Alferd Scuzt, Talcott Parson, Robert Merton, Ervin Goffman, James Coleman, Doroty E Smith, Harold Garfinkel, George Caspar Homans, Peter M. Blau, Jean Baurdrillard, Pierre Bourdieu, R Emerson, Daniel Bell dan Antonio Giddens yang telah berumur 81 tahun. Selanjutnya tokoh postmodern diantaranya Foucault, George Ritzer, Max Horkheimer, Theodor H. Adorno, Herbert Marcuse, Z. Bauman, J. Daridda dan Jurgen Hubermas yang telah berumur 90 tahun.Selain uraian tersebut, penulis juga berusaha menjelaskan tentang karya-karya monumental dari setiap tokoh-tokoh sosiologi mulai dari yang klasik, modern hingga postmodern
ANALISIS WACANA KOHESI DAN KOHERENSI PADA TEKS CERPEN, TEKS PROSEDUR TEKS LINGKUNGAN DAN KEMUNGKINAN PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Larasati
Published: June 2020

Wacana merupakan satuan gramatikal tertinggi atau terbesar yang mencakup kalimat, gugus kalimat, alinea atau paragraf, penggalan wacana, dan wacana utuh (Kridalaksana dalam Baryadi, 2002:2). Pada hubungan antar bagian wacana telah dilakukan beberapa penelitian tentang kohesi dan koherensi yang terdapat dalam sebuah wacana.
The Only Probable Way To Understand Physical Universe
Authors: Adhlakha Jivesh
Published: June 2020

In this paper, I have deduced through logical and mathematical arguments that there is only one way to approach physical phenomena in order to understand the correct picture of physical world. Further, it has been deduced that this approach requires all phenomena to be explained in an emergent framework with one and only one underlying principal. Hence, it directly paves the way to a single theory that can explain all the phenomena of the Universe with same underlying reasoning - both at microscopic and macroscopic scales. Therefore, a probable approach to Unified Theory is asserted.
A New Hybrid Approach on Face Detection and Recognition
Authors: Dwivedi Saloni , Gupta Nitika
Published: June 2020

Face detection and recognition is an important paradigm when we consider the biometric based systems. Amongvarious biometric elements, the face is the most reliable one and can be easily observed even from a distance as compared to iris or fingerprint which needs to be closely observed to use them for any kind of detection and recognition. Challenges faced by face detection algorithms often involve the presence of facial features such as beards, moustaches, and glasses, facial expressions,and occlusion of faces like surprised or crying. Another problem is illumination and poor lighting conditions such as in video surveillance cameras image quality and size of the image as in passport control or visa control. Complex backgrounds also make it extremely hard to detect faces. In this research work, a number of methods and research paradigms pertaining to face detection and recognition is studied at length and evaluate various face detection and recognition methods, provide a complete solutionfor image-based face detection and recognition with higher accuracy, a better response rate as an initial step for videosurveillance.
Research: The 1st Edition
Authors: Amparado Mauro Allan Padua
Published: June 2020

This book presents the principles and concepts of research. It imparts to readers the importance of research as a knowledge-building enterprise and its role in maintaining evidence-based practice in the profession.This book tackles on the approaches of research namely quantitative and qualitative research. It teaches the readers the foundations of research, conceptualization, designs, measurements, data collection, analysis, interpretation of data, communicating findings and use of research results. This book equips the reader with knowledge, skills and desirable attitude to prepare him/her as a future researcher or practitioner whose actions are evidence-based.
The Involvement of Firms in Helping Fight the Pandemic of COVID-19: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Abbas Ahmad , Ilham Mohamad , Triani Neks , Arizah Ainun , Rayyani Wa Ode
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the magnitude of firms socially involved in helping fight the pandemic of COVID-19. This study highlights 680 go public firms in Indonesia. The content analysis is used to find the information of firms’ social involvement. The result point of this study demonstrates that from 680 go public firms listed during the pandemic, there are only seven and one-half percent of companies involved in combating the coronavirus outbreak. Firms provide the donation including funds, free internet services, nutrition products, masks, and medical supplies. They have recognized their social involvement as the form of corporate social responsibility
Molecular phylogeny and missense mutations of envelope proteins across coronaviruses
Authors: Hassan Sk Sarif , Choudhury Pabitra Pal , Roy Bidyut
Published: June 2020

Envelope protein is one of the structural viroporins (76–109 amino acids) present in the coronavirus. Sixteen sequentially diﬀerent E proteins were observed from a total of 4917 available complete genomes as on 18th June, 2020 in the NCBI database. The missense mutations over the envelope protein across various coronaviruses of the $\beta$-genus were analyzed to know the immediate parental origin of the envelope protein of SARS-CoV2. The evolutionary origin is also endorsed by the phylogenetic analysis of the envelope proteins comparing sequence homology as well as amino acid conservations.
تـوقـعـات الكـفـاءة الذاتـيّـة "لبنــــاء النظري والقياس"
Authors: Rudwan Samer Jamil
Published: June 2020

الهدف من إجراء هذه الدراسة هو محاولة الإجابة عن التساؤل حول مدى تحقيق استبانة توقعات الكفاءة الذاتية العامة التي طورهها كل من جيروزيليم وشفارتسر في عام (1986) في صيغتها المعربة معايير الصدق والثبات الإحصائية التي تجعل منها قابلة للاستخدام في الأبحاث والدراسات العربية في مجالات علم النفس عموماً وعلم نفس الصحة خصوصاً. تكونت عينة الدراسة الأساسية من (530) مفحوصا اختيروا بطريقة الصدفة (الشربيني، 1990) بواقع (222) ذكراً بمتوسط أعمار مقداره (28,8) وانحراف معياري مقداره (6,48) و(308) أنثى بمتوسط أعمار 26, 6)) وانحراف معياري مقداره (5,87). وتوصلت الدراسة إلى تحقق معايير الصدق والثبات للمقياس.ِ
Gossip, Sabotage, and Friendship Network Dataset
Authors: Yucel Meltem , Sjobeck Gustav , Glass Rebecca , Rottman Josh
Published: June 2020

This article describes the data reported in the paper “Being in the know: Social network analysisof gossip and friendship on college campuses” [1]. Data were collected from a Men’s andWomen’s collegiate crew team members from a small liberal arts college. Participants (N = 44)reported information about how often they gossip about members of the team (positively,negatively), who they have had hooked-up with on the team, who they consider to be friends with on the team, whether they have to sabotaged or been sabotaged by any teammates, their well-being and feelings of loneliness. This data brief provides detailed information about data preparation and participants responses to all survey items.
The Saami cooperative herding group: the siida system from past to present
Authors: Næss Marius Warg , Fisktjønmo Guro Lovise Hole , Bårdsen Bård-Jørgen
Published: June 2020

The Saami siida has been described as an organisational institution tailored to meet the dynamic demands of reindeer herding. Historically, it has been characterised as a relatively small group based on kinship. It was formed around a core sibling group and distinguished by a norm of equality where herding partners were equals regardless of social status. Moreover, it was informally led by a wealthy and skilful person whose authority was primarily related to herding. One of the critical aspects of the siida was that it was flexible: composition and size changed according to the season, and members were free to join and leave the groups as they saw fit. Comparing the current status of the siida system in the Northern and Southern parts of Norway results from this study show that the main difference between the historical representation of the siida system and today concerns a loss of siida flexibility. Only two herders reported to have changed summer- and winter siida since 2000. Furthermore, while the siida continues to be family-based, leadership is becoming more formal. Nevertheless, while leadership is being formalised, decision-making continues to be influenced by concerns of equality.
Online Disinformation and Harmful Speech: Dangers for Democratic Participation and Possible Policy Responses
Authors: Tenove Chris , Tworek Heidi J.S.
Published: June 2020

In advance of the 2019 federal election, the Canadian government began to address challenges posed by posed by new digital technologies and the rapidly-evolving information system. These policy responses include revisions to Canada’s election law and the creation of a federal task force to monitor and respond to online interference during an election campaign. However, much can still be done to uphold the communications element of electoral integrity, both by government and by other stakeholders including journalists, social media companies, and civil society organizations. This article focusses on two related challenges: disinformation and harmful speech online. By ‘‘disinformation,” we refer to intentionally false or deceptive communication to advance political ends. We use the term ‘‘harmful speech” to refer to communication that is abusive, threatening, denigrating, or that incites violence. We clarify the risks that disinformation and harmful speech pose to democratic engagement and democratic processes, and synthesize current research about their creation, circulation, and political impacts. We then examine the current regulatory context in Canada (at the time of writing, February 1, 2019) and highlight gaps. We conclude with policy recommendations that would enable the Canadian government, social media platforms and journalism organizations to better understand and reduce the threats to democracy posed by disinformation and harmful speech. These are partly drawn from policies that other countries are pursuing. We call for a three-pronged policy framework: 1) greater enforcement of existing laws, 2) regulation to encourage and help social media platforms address abuses; and 3) improved civil society measures, especially by journalism organizations. Previously published in the 2019 Special Issue of the Journal of Parliamentary and Political Law entitled The Informed Citizens’ Guide to Elections: Current Developments in Democracy (Toronto: Thomson Reuters Canada, 2019).
With Our Clown Nature in Mind
Authors: Smith David MacMurray
Published: June 2020

In this article, David MacMurray Smith seeks to open a door into a discussion about our clown nature. He proposes that our clown nature is an inherent set of characteristics naturally resident within us as a circumstance of being human and, further, that it plays an integral role in helping us to realize and develop the potential of our human minds. The article looks at ways the clown nature can help free our minds from limited thinking and then explores some ways that the clown nature supports the integration and evolution of a more expressive and fully embodied mind. The article begins with a philosophical viewpoint from German novelist/poet/painter Hermann Hesse about the mind’s expansive capabilities. It then unpacks this philosophy using the lens of a clown routine to help demonstrate how the clown’s performance awakens the clown nature in us all and provides us with the agency to animate the capability of the human mind to pass beyond its present boundaries. Then it moves on to speculate some about the makeup of the human mind and how it consists of a thinking brain and a thinking body that are united into action through our physical being. The author takes the view that the body and mind are virtually inseparable within an integrated, cohesively functioning organic system that is the frame and format for the expression, realization, and continuous emergence of our minds. Further, without the characteristics of our clown nature, this whole organic system of our minds would not be able to function.
In the Company of Mump & Smoot and Pochsy
Authors: Hines Karen , Kennard Michael , Turner John
Published: June 2020

Canadian clowns Michael Kennard, John Turner, and Karen Hines (Mump & Smoot and Pochsy respectively) grew out of the fringe festival circuit in the late eighties. They have gone on to play in numerous major regional theatres throughout North America, including Astor Place Theatre off-Broadway, Yale Repertory Theatre, La Jolla Playhouse, Canadian Stage, and Alberta Theatre Projects. Along the way they have garnered numerous awards, critical acclaim, and a widespread audience through their extensive performing, teaching, directing, writing, and mentoring. They have made significant contributions to both the evolution of clowning in Canada and the Canadian independent theatre scene. In this discussion, these longtime collaborators reflect on their time together, their teachers, the keys to the longevity of their connection, and their artistic interest in horror. They also reflect on how their approaches to performance, and clowning as an art form in particular, differ from one another, as well as the significant philosophical threads that run throughout all of their work.
Implications and Significance of Mercury in Rice
Authors: Palmieri James R. , Rzigalinski Beverly , Benjamin Brooke , Collins Erin , Kaur Gurleen , Palmieri James R. , Brunette Jessica , Council-Troche McAlister , Wilson Meghan L. , Meacham Susan , Guthrie Tracee
Published: June 2020

Previous research on rice asserts certain heavy metals, like mercury, in the agricultural soils are incorporated
into the rice plant. Mercury is considered to be the most toxic heavy metal. This study aims to investigate
mercury levels in rice grown in the United States versus rice imported from Asia. In this study, 29 samples
of rice were compared for mercury content (12 from Thailand, 6 from India, 6 from China, compared to 5
control samples from the USA). Samples ranged from 0.18 to 6.01 ng of element / g. Further research is
needed to establish standards for mercury toxicity.
Smoking is Associated with Higher Mortality and Hospitalization Secondary to Novel Coronavirus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Siqueira Galil Arise Garcia de , Barceló Alberto , Siqueira Galil Arise Garcia de , Souza Quirino Gabriel de , Hollunder Guilherme Gouveia , Moreira Silva Ramon José , Duarte Ferreira Ribeiro Valéria Mata de
Published: June 2020

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess whether there is an association between smoking and higher
mortality and hospitalization due to the disease of the new coronavirus (COVID-19).
Methods: A systematic review of studies on the novel coronavirus containing information on smoking and
its association with COVID-19 mortality was carried out. The bibliographic search was performed using six
databases, with the search terms: ['novel coronavirus' OR ‘COVID- 19'] AND ['smoking' OR ‘tobacco']
AND ['mortality']. Studies published from December 2019 until April 8, 2020 were included. As an
inclusion criterion, studies targeting humans, adults, infected with Sars-Cov-2 were selected, and as the
chosen language, English.
Results: From the total of researched studies, 65 articles were selected, one being presented in two databases
simultaneously. As a final result of this review, 11 articles were included, with a population total estimated
at 84.050 patients, with the prevalence of smokers ranged from 1.4% to 27.3% and it was observed that the
impact of smoking on fatal outcomes was described in four publications, with unfavourable repercussions
on hospitalization rates and more serious conditions secondary to COVID-19 (9 out of the 11 publications
evaluated).
Conclusion: The presence of smoking can worsen infectious conditions by COVID-19 and increase
the prevalence of hospitalizations and fatal outcomes, especially in men, the elderly and those with
multimorbidities. Smoking status should be used in the screening of patients infected with the novel
coronavirus given the evidence of poorer outcomes among smokers.