bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome-based WGCNA reveals the molecular regulation of xylem plasticity in acclimation to drought and rewatering in mulberry
Authors: Tian Yue , Zhai Zeyang , Yang Yujie , Zhang Kaixin , Ma Sang , Cheng Jialing , Liu Li , Cao Xu
Published: December 2024

Xylem plasticity is important for trees to coordinate hydraulic efficiency and safety under changing soil water availability. However, the physiological and transcriptional regulations of cambium on xylem plasticity are not well understood. In this study, mulberry saplings of drought-resistant Wubu and drought-susceptible Zhongshen1 were subjected to moderate or severe drought stresses for 21 days and subsequently rewatered for 12 days. The anatomical, physiological and transcriptional responses in wood and cambium were analyzed. Most parameters were not affected significantly under moderate drought for both cultivars. Severe drought led to decreased vessel lumen diameter and increased vessel frequency, increased starch and hemicellulose in wood of both cultivars. Notably, increased soluble sugars and lignin were detected only in wood of Wubu. In cambial zone, levels of starch, glucose, fructose, mannose and cytokinin were decreased in both cultivars, whereas soluble sugars were increased in Wubu but deceased in Zhongshen1. RNA-sequencing identified 1824 and 2471 differentially expressed genes in Wubu and Zhongshen1 under severe drought, respectively. These responses were partially recovered after rewatering. Weighted gene correlation network analysis identified modules of co-expressed genes correlated with the anatomical and physiological traits of wood and cambium, with the turquoise and green modules most strongly correlated with traits under drought or rewatering. These modules were enriched in gene ontology terms related to cell division, cytoskeleton organization, cell wall modification, dark respiration, vesicle transport and protein metabolism. Detailed gene expression patterns indicate that reprogramming of cambium activity was relatively similar in both cultivars, but at different scales. These findings provide important insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying xylem plasticity based on cambium and offer valuable references for breeding drought-resistant mulberry and other woody species in light of future drier climate scenarios.
Transdiagnostic mechanisms of mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: associations of childhood trauma, maladaptive personality traits, emotion regulation, mentalizing, and pandemic-related distress
Authors: Holl Julia , Berning Anna , Kling Laura , Taubner Svenja , Georg Anna K. , Volkert Jana
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased psychological distress. Transdiagnostic factors, including childhood trauma, maladaptive personality traits (MPTs), mentalizing, and emotion dysregulation are considered relevant to the development and maintenance of mental health problems. These factors probably play a significant role in individuals’ reactions to pandemic-related distress (PR distress). The aim of this study is to examine the associations with these transdiagnostic factors in relation to PR distress and psychopathological symptoms.

Materials and methods

Using a cross-sectional study design, we investigated a convenience sample of 6,451 adults (mean age = 44.1; SD = 11.8; 69.1% female, 30.3% male, 0.01% diverse) recruited via social media platforms in German-speaking countries (August 2020 – February 2021) by utilizing self-report instruments (PID5BF+, MentS, DERS-SF, PHQ-9, GAD-7, a composite PR distress score). Structural equation modeling was performed for data analysis.

Results

The results revealed significant associations between different types of childhood trauma and MPTs (−0.14 < β < 0.48) as well as a parallel mediation of the relationship between MPTs and psychopathological symptoms via mentalizing (βanxiety = −0.03; βdepression = 0.01) and emotion dysregulation (βanxiety = 0.24; βdepression = 0.23).

Discussion

Mentalizing and emotion dysregulation seem to play a significant role in relation between childhood trauma and MPTs and psychopathological symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, transdiagnostic factors may be a valuable target for the development of interventions aiming to reduce psychological distress related to a pandemic or other crises events. Specific prevention and intervention methods that target emotion dysregulation and mentalizing could help vulnerable individuals, particularly those with childhood trauma and MPTs, to protect against or alleviate the detrimental effects of PR distress on their mental health.
Long-term trends in educational inequalities in alcohol-attributable mortality, and their impact on trends in educational inequalities in life expectancy
Authors: Zazueta-Borboa Jesús-Daniel , Van Hemelrijck Wanda M. J. , Zengarini Nicolás , Sizer Alison , Kunst Anton E. , Martikainen Pekka , Janssen Fanny
Published: December 2024

Background

Previous studies on socio-economic inequalities in mortality have documented a substantial contribution of alcohol-attributable mortality (AAM) to these inequalities. However, little is known about the extent to which AAM has contributed to time trends in socio-economic inequalities in mortality.

Objective

To study long-term trends in educational inequalities in AAM and assessed their impact on trends in educational inequalities in life expectancy in three European countries.

Methods

We analyzed cause-specific mortality data by educational group (low, middle, high) for individuals aged 30 and older in England and Wales, Finland, and Turin (Italy) over the 1972–2017 period. To estimate AAM, we used the multiple causes of death approach for England and Wales and Finland (1987–2017), and a recently introduced method for Turin (Italy). We used segmented regression analysis to study changes in absolute educational inequalities in AAM, measured by the Slope Index of Inequality (SII). We assessed the contribution of AAM to trends in educational differences in remaining life expectancy at age 30 (e30) using cause-deleted life tables.

Results

AAM increased more among the low-educated than the high-educated in England and Wales (1972–2017) and Finland (1987–2007). In contrast, in Finland (2007 onwards) and Turin (1972–2017), AAM decreased more among the low-educated than the high-educated. In England and Wales, AAM contributed 37% (males) and 24% (females) of the increase in educational inequalities in e30. In Finland in 1987–2007, AAM contributed 50% (males) and 34% (females) of the increase in educational inequalities in e30. AAM also contributed to recent trend breaks, such as to the onset of an increase in educational inequalities in e30 in England and Wales, and to the onset of a decline in educational inequalities in e30 in Finland after 2007.

Discussion

AAM mortality contributed substantially not only to levels of, but also to changes in educational inequalities in e30 in the studied populations. Reducing the impact of alcohol on mortality among low-educated groups may positively affect trends in educational inequalities in life expectancy.
Influence of government policies on handwashing and vaccine uptake in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania to prevent and control COVID-19: a systematic review
Authors: Muchangi Josphat Martin , Mturi James , Mukasa Hajra , Kithuki Kioko , Kosgei Sarah Jebet , Kanyangi Lennah Muhoja , Moraro Rogers , Kamau Samuel , Nankanja Maureen
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The government's role in influencing policies related to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine distribution and handwashing practices is essential in controlling the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Methods

This study aimed to systematically review published studies to explore the influence of government policies on handwashing and vaccine uptake in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania to prevent and control COVID-19. A comprehensive search strategy was applied across three databases, and eligibility was determined using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. We reviewed 9 of 136 research papers following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Results

The findings revealed that the government has a role in influencing policies related to COVID-19 vaccine distribution and handwashing uptake. Employment of public health campaigns and communication strategies by the government in Uganda increased vaccine acceptance and hand hygiene uptake. Similarly, government efforts to make hand hygiene accessible increased the uptake of handwashing in Tanzania. In Kenya, government efforts to increase access to soap and clean water in informal settlements and markets resulted in increased adherence to handwashing practices. Further, government incentives such as cash increased vaccination rates while vaccination reminders combined with cash incentives increased childhood immunization coverage.

Discussion

Overall, this review indicates that monitoring and enforcing compliance increases vaccine and handwashing uptake across the three countries. The effectiveness of government policies on handwashing and vaccine uptake is influenced by factors such as safety, efficacy and access to information, among others. Therefore, there is a need to address these factors for the successful implementation of these policies.

Systematic review Registration

PROSPERO ID CRD42023396319, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.
Disparities exist among US adolescents in the receipt of transition to adult healthcare services: the differential impact of social determinants of health, healthcare needs, and COVID-19
Authors: Girdwood Tyra C. , Silva Susan G. , Maslow Gary R. , Docherty Sharron L.
Published: December 2024

Introduction

We examined the influence of special healthcare needs, onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and their interaction on receiving transition services to prepare for future adult care among US adolescents, and whether social determinants of health moderated the relationship of these factors with receiving transition services.

Methods

We analyzed the National Survey of Children's Health (2019, 2020–2021) using adjusted multivariable logistic regression models. We assessed a repeated cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of adolescents aged 12–17 years old. Sampling weights were used to generalize samples to the populations of interest. The main outcome was receipt of transition services to prepare for future adult healthcare. Measures included pre vs. post COVID-19 onset, special healthcare needs, and social determinants of health (health insurance, food sufficiency, neighborhood safety, household language, race/ethnicity, and household poverty level). Sex and two-parent households were included as covariates.

Results

A total of 45,935 adolescents were included, with N=12,230 in the pre COVID-19 group and N=33,705 in the post COVID-19 group. We found statistically significant higher odds of receiving transition services among adolescents with special healthcare needs (95 CI = 1.23, 1.58), females (95 CI = 1.09, 1.39), and during pre COVID-19 (95 CI = 1.14, 1.45). Private insurance (95 CI = 1.03, 1.37), English as primary household language (95 CI = 1.19, 2.27), and race/ethnicity were significant predictors of receipt of transition services. Neighborhood safety significantly moderated (95 CI = 1.70, 6.60) the relationship between special healthcare needs and receipt of transition services.

Discussion

This population-based study identified significant disparities in receipt of transition services provided to US adolescents via the differential impact of social determinants of health, special healthcare needs, and COVID-19 onset on receipt of services.
Can Helping Someone Ever Be a Bad Thing?
Authors: Sierksma Jellie
Published: December 2024

People think that helping others is nice. Teachers and parents often tell children to help others, for example in the classroom. I discovered that sometimes children help in a way that is not nice. In two studies, children (7–9 years old) got to help peers solve puzzles. Children gave more correct answers to someone who was struggling with the puzzles, but they gave more hints to someone who was already good at the puzzles. If you simply give someone the answers, they cannot learn new skills—and people who do not learn new skills can keep struggling. Children in my studies thus helped their struggling peers in a way that causes them to keep struggling, while the way they helped the peers who could already solve the puzzles made these children become even better at them. Thus, sometimes help can lead to outcomes that are not so positive.
Antiplatelet Prophylaxis Reduces the Risk of Early Hepatic Artery Thrombosis Following Liver Transplantation in High-Risk Patients
Authors: Minciuna Iulia , De Jonge Jeroen , Den Hoed Caroline , Maan Raoel , Polak Wojciech G. , Porte Robert J. , Janssen Harry L. A. , Procopet Bogdan , Darwish Murad Sarwa
Published: December 2024

The prevention of hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) is pivotal for graft survival immediately after liver transplantation (LT). This study aimed to identify risk factors (RF) for early HAT (eHAT) and assess the benefit of antiplatelet prophylaxis (AP). This retrospective single-center study included 836 adult patients who underwent LT between 2007 and 2022. AP was administered for 3 months in N = 127 patients for surgical reasons. In total, 836 patients underwent LT, of whom 5.5% developed eHAT. In multivariable analysis, arterial anastomotic redo (aHR = 4.33), arterial reconstruction (aHR = 3.72) and cryptogenic liver cirrhosis (aHR = 4.25) were independent RFs for eHAT and AP appeared to be protective (aHR = 0.18). Indeed, in patients with at least one RF who received AP (RF+AP+, n = 94), the eHAT rate was significantly lower (3.2% vs. 21.3%, p < 0.001) than in those with RF who did not receive AP (RF+AP−, n = 89). The effect was even more pronounced when focusing on surgical RF alone (i.e., redo and/or reconstruction) with an additional improvement in 1 year graft survival of 85.3% vs. 70.4%, p = 0.02. AP did not pose an increased risk of bleeding. In conclusion, the main RFs for eHAT include arterial anastomotic redo, arterial reconstruction and cryptogenic liver cirrhosis as LT indications. Our results suggest that AP may protect against eHAT development in these high-risk patients.
Genetic Linkage Map Construction and QTL Mapping for Juvenile Leaf and Growth Traits in Camellia oleifera
Authors: Ye Ling , Li Yu , Liu Yanxuan , Zhou Lexin , Li Jia’ni , Liang Tian , Xie Weiwei , Xie Yiqing , Li Zhizhen , Lv Huanhuan , Hou Na , Wang Gang , Liu Guomin , Zheng Guohua , Chen Shipin , Chen Hui
Published: December 2024

Advancement of the oil tea industry requires the development of high-yielding and superior-quality varieties of Camellia oleifera, a major oilseed crop. However, traditional breeding methods, hampered by lengthy cycles and low selection accuracy, significantly constrain the breeding process. Identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with target traits, and applying molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) for these traits, can thereby shorten the breeding cycles and amplify the breeding efficiency. In this study, we utilized the hexaploid C. oleifera as the reference genome to identify high-quality SNPs and constructed a high-density genetic linkage map of C. oleifera that spanned 1566.733 cM, included 3097 SNPs, and was anchored to 15 linkage groups. Using interval mapping, we localized quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for 11 juvenile traits in C. oleifera, identifying 15 QTLs for growth traits and 24 QTLs for leaf traits, including 4 stable QTLs. The logarithm of odds (LOD) scores for individual QTLs ranged from 3.48 to 14.62, explaining 9.86–48.61% of the phenotypic variance. We further identified 2 SNPs associated with growth traits (marker11-951 and marker12-68) and 10 SNPs associated with leaf traits (marker11-276, marker11-410, marker11-560, marker13-16, marker13-39, marker13-110, marker13-731, marker14-701, marker14-910, and marker14-1331). These results provide valuable insights into the genetic mapping of key traits in C. oleifera and will contribute to the development of new varieties with high yield and superior quality in the future.
Anxiety and Academic Procrastination in Deaf and Hard of Hearing College Students: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Li Guomin , Xiong Zhiheng , Lin Pingting
Published: December 2024

Deaf and hard of hearing college students encounter unique challenges and pressures in their daily lives and academic pursuits, often leading to heightened anxiety levels, which may increase the likelihood of academic procrastination. This study aims to investigate the relationship between anxiety and academic procrastination in deaf and hard of hearing college students, with a focus on the mediating role of rumination and the moderating effect of psychological resilience. The findings offer valuable insights into strategies for reducing anxiety and academic procrastination in this population. A total of 685 deaf and hard of hearing college students were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Academic Procrastination Scale, Rumination Scale, and Psychological Resilience Scale. The study revealed three key findings: (1) Anxiety is a significant positive predictor of academic procrastination in deaf and hard of hearing college students; (2) Rumination partially mediates the relationship between anxiety and academic procrastination, suggesting that anxiety indirectly influences procrastination through rumination; (3) Psychological resilience moderates the relationship between rumination and academic procrastination, with higher levels of resilience diminishing the impact of rumination on procrastination. The findings of this study provide a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between anxiety and procrastination in deaf and hard of hearing college students, within the context of ecosystem theory and resilience theory of development.
Asymmetric Cyclic Controlled Quantum Teleportation via Multiple-Qubit Entangled State in a Noisy Environment
Authors: Zhou Hanxuan
Published: December 2024

In this paper, by using eleven entangled quantum states as a quantum channel, we propose a cyclic and asymmetric novel protocol for four participants in which both Alice and Bob can transmit two-qubit states, and Charlie can transmit three-qubit states with the assistance of the supervisor David, who provides a guarantee for communication security. This protocol is based on GHZ state measurement (GHZ), single-qubit measurement (SM), and unitary operations (UO) to implement the communication task. The analysis demonstrates that the success probability of the proposed protocol can reach 100%. Furthermore, considering that in actual production environments, it is difficult to avoid the occurrence of noise in quantum channels, this paper also analyzes the changes in fidelity in four types of noisy scenarios: bit-flip noise, phase-flip noise, bit-phase-flip noise, and depolarizing noise. Showing that communication quality only depends on the amplitude parameters of the initial state and decoherence rate. Additionally, we give a comparison with previous similar schemes in terms of achieved method and intrinsic efficiency, which illustrates the superiority of our protocol. Finally, in response to the vulnerability of quantum channels to external attacks, a security analysis was conducted, and corresponding defensive measures were proposed.
Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient Analysis of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Platoons: A Hybrid Approach Integrating Wind Tunnel Experiments and CFD Simulations
Authors: Liang Xiao , Gao Xiaohui , Gu Tianjiao , Jia Xudong
Published: December 2024

Heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) platooning, facilitated by vehicle-to-vehicle communication, plays a crucial role in transforming logistics and transportation. It reduces fuel consumption and emissions while enhancing road safety, supporting sustainable freight strategies and the integration of autonomous vehicles. This study employs a hybrid approach combining wind tunnel experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to analyze HDV platoon aerodynamics. The approach has two sequential phases: single-HDV simulation validation and multi-HDV platooning simulation. In the first phase, a single HDV CFD simulation is validated against NASA’s benchmarks, with optimized mesh generation, proper models, and conditions, and errors minimized below 1%. In the second phase, the validated model is used for multi-HDV platooning simulations, maintaining consistent mesh structures, physical models, and boundary conditions. Various platoon configurations are explored to assess the effects of speed, inter-vehicle spacing, and platoon size and position on aerodynamic drag, with virtual wind tunnel simulations evaluating drag coefficients. Our findings reveal that inter-vehicle spacing critically influences drag. An optimal range of 0.25 to 0.5-times the HDV length is identified to achieve an effective balance between safety and fuel efficiency, reducing platoon aerodynamic drag by 13–44% compared to single HDVs. While platoon speed is generally limited to impacting drag, it becomes more pronounced when an HDV platoon has very small inter-vehicle spacings, or in platoons exceeding five HDVs. Moreover, as the platoon size increases, the overall aerodynamic drag coefficient diminishes, particularly benefiting the rear HDV in larger platoons with smaller inter-vehicle spacing. These insights offer a comprehensive understanding of HDV platoon aerodynamics, enabling logistics enterprises to optimize platoon configurations for fuel savings, improved traffic flow, larger platoon formation, and enhanced transportation safety.
The Measurement of Metal Mineral Particle Size Under the Microscope Based on Gaussian Pyramids and Directional Maximum Intercept
Authors: Luo Chaoxi , Xie Feng , Li Bo , Lv Xiangwen , Jiang Meiguang , Zhang Jing , Jian Sheng , Yang Fang , Wang Yong
Published: December 2024

With the development of mineral resources, minerals are becoming increasingly difficult to process. In order to utilize these resources more effectively, in-depth research into process mineralogy has become increasingly important in the field of mineralogy, and particle size measurement under the microscope is one of the critical aspects of process mineralogy. At present, the use of scanning electron microscopes and other equipment for measurement is very expensive, and manual measurement has problems such as poor accuracy and low efficiency. In addition, there is a lack of reference materials for the segmentation algorithm of mineral light images. This article proposes a Gaussian pyramid based on bilateral filtering combined with directional maximum intercept to measure mineral particle size under the microscope. In the experiments, different segmentation algorithms were studied, including Gaussian pyramid segmentation based on bilateral filtering, segmentation based on Fuzzy C-Means, and the rapidly developing deep learning segmentation algorithms in recent years. By comparing the segmentation effects of these three algorithms on various mineral thin-section images, the Gaussian pyramid segmentation algorithm based on bilateral filtering was selected as the optimal one. This was then combined with the directional maximum intercept method to measure the particle size of ilmenite and pyrite images. The experimental results show that the segmentation method based on the bilateral filtering Gaussian pyramid technique has higher segmentation accuracy than the other two algorithms, and can accurately measure the particle size of minerals under the microscope. Compared with manual measurement, this method can effectively and accurately measure the microscopic particle size of target minerals, greatly reducing the workload of measurement personnel and reducing the time spent on measurement.
Contradictions between the theory of choice and practical solutions of economic decision making
Authors: Bélyácz Iván
Published: December 2024

The theory of choice between variants is one of the most important fields of economics mainly because of the future implications of such decisions. The paper
addresses three particular contradictions in the development of the theory. The
first appears between Daniel Bernoulli and von Neumann–Morgenstern. While
the former considers utility as the logarithm function of money wealth, the latter
identifies it with the sum of money wealth. The second contradiction is related
to the treatment of psychological factors, which arises in the use of objective and
subjective probability. The third contradiction is a distinction between ordinal
and cardinal utility, which used to be strong, but has become less relevant recently. The train of thought reveals the main nodes of theoretical development.
Translation of Metaphors in Official and Automatic Subtitling and MT Evaluation
Authors: Shintemirova Maral
Published: December 2024

One of the main aims of this work is to compare and analyse the translation of metaphors in subtitles as performed by human translators and by machine translation, and conduct MT evaluation. The work considers two YouTube videos of a Cyberpunk 2077 (2020) videogame walkthrough. The first video is in the original language (English) with English subtitles and the second one is an officially translated video in Russian, with Russian subtitles. Both videos have the same content, but in different languages. Metaphors were extracted manually from selected audiovisual material in English by the usage of MIPVU (Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit). In order to achieve our aims, first the translation of these metaphors in the official Russian subtitles were analysed; secondly, their automatic translation into Russian as it appears on YouTube by Google Translate were analysed as well; after that the results were compared to find the similarities and the differences between the automatically translated version of the metaphors on YouTube and the translated metaphors in the official subtitling. Another aim is to perform Machine Translation (MT) evaluation using the BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy) algorithm and to determine the errors made by MT while translating metaphors in the analysed subtitles. Three examples, which were taken from the videos, are presented in the format of cases. The cases show different metaphors and the situations they were used in and analyse why these metaphors were used in that particular situation, how metaphors were identified there, how they were translated and why they were translated exactly in this way. Furthermore, the machine translation of the same metaphors is analysed and a comparison between them is made. The topic of the speech recognition process and the metaphor identification procedure is also touched upon. The results demonstrate that although machine translation is able to translate frequently used, popular metaphors, or metaphors, the literal translation of which retains the meaning, it is still difficult for the machine to recognise original author’s metaphors or to translate using the context of the situation. The results could encourage training the machine to recognize metaphors and to create a larger database of metaphors to identify them.
Retrophyllum rospigliosii (Pilg.) C.N. Page en la población de micorrizas arbusculares en el bosque de Huamantanga
Authors: Flores Flores Leiwer , Guerra Lu José Kalion , Arteaga Cuba Marcela Nancy , Gallo Álvarez Alan Guillermo , Carhuaricra Espinoza Karina Violeta , Cerna Cueva Alberto Franco
Published: December 2024

Introducción: Las micorrizas arbusculares, asociaciones simbióticas entre hongos y raíces de plantas, desempeñan un papel fundamental en la nutrición y supervivencia de muchas especies forestales. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar morfológicamente a la población de micorrizas arbusculares, en función al estado de desarrollo del Retrophyllum rospigliosii (Pilg.) C.N. Page en el bosque de Huamantanga, Jaén- Perú. Materiales y métodos Enfoque cuantitativo, tipo descriptiva. Se seleccionaron 3 zonas de muestreo de suelo y raíces en las categorías brinzal, latizal y fustal, la zona 1 (sector cola de ardilla), la zona 2 (sector camino cola de ardilla) y La zona 3 (sector Nueva Jerusalén) Resultados: De acuerdo al análisis estadístico (ANVA), se rechaza la hipótesis de igualdad de medias, por lo que sí existe diferencia significativa entre las categorías de regeneración natural. Discusión:  Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio revelan una comunidad de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) dominada por los géneros Glomus, Entrophospora y Acaulospora, asociados a Retrophyllum rospigliosii en el bosque de Huamantanga. Igualmente, se pudo identificar una diversidad de morfoespecies con un total de 16 morfoespecies distribuidas en los géneros Acaulospora, Entrophospora y Glomus. Conclusiones: La mayor colonización fue para brinzal, en raíces 93.0 %, en suelo 91.7 %; seguido de latizal, en raíces 88.3 %, en suelo 89 %; luego de fustal, en raíces 86.7 %, en suelo 87.3 %. Los HMA asociados Retrophyllum rospigliosii (Pilg.) C.N. Page., identificados son: Acaulospora 4 morfo-especies, Entrophospora 5 morfo-especies, y Glomus 7 morfo-especies.
Impacto de la Estrategia de las 3R's en la actitud ambiental de estudiantes secundarios
Authors: Arroyo-Ñahui Madeleyne Fresia , Condori-De la Cruz Williams Cesar , Condor-Salvatierra Edwin Julio
Published: December 2024

Introducción: La actitud ambiental se refiere a las disposiciones y sentimientos que un individuo desarrolla hacia el medio ambiente, especialmente en la gestión de residuos sólidos. Este estudio busca determinar el impacto de la estrategia de las 3R (Reducir, Reutilizar, Reciclar) en la actitud ambiental de estudiantes secundarios en Huancavelica, Perú, durante 2024. Materiales y Métodos: El estudio es de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo. Se utilizó un diseño cuasiexperimental con un grupo experimental y un grupo control. La población constituida por 54 estudiantes. El instrumento que se empleó para la recolección de datos en el presente estudio es un cuestionario que evalúa las actitudes de las personas hacia el manejo de residuos sólidos. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el grupo experimental percibió mejoras significativas en las dimensiones cognitiva, afectiva y conativa tras la intervención, con un aumento notable en su conocimiento y comportamientos proambientales. En contraste, el grupo control no presentó cambios relevantes. Discusión: Los hallazgos revelan que, implementación de métodos activos y participativos en la educación ambiental puede ser clave para lograr cambios en las actitudes de los estudiantes. Además, la permanencia de estos cambios puede depender de factores contextuales y del diseño del programa educativo. Conclusiones: El estudio evidencia que la implementación de la estrategia de las 3R's (Reducir, Reutilizar, Reciclar) tuvo un impacto significativo en la actitud ambiental de los estudiantes del grupo experimental, mejorando sus conocimientos y comportamientos hacia la gestión de residuos sólidos.
O diário de Frida Kahlo: palavras e imagens em busca do (des)cobrir-se
Authors:   , Souza Regiane Aparecida de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

Essa pesquisa concentra-se em discutir a singularidade da produção artística de Frida Kahlo, sobretudo O diário de Frida Kahlo: um autorretrato íntimo, produzido a partir de um discurso sociopolítico no contexto pós-revolucionário mexicano. Para tanto, faz-se necessário colocar as perspectivas e os novos dilemas que se abrem durante a Revolução Mexicana, já que as análises partirão do diálogo entre a obra desta artista e os debates culturais, sociais e políticos de seu tempo. Acreditamos, ainda, que este suporte encontrado por Frida para escrever sobre si, seus amores, dores e seu país, busca ir além de um documento pessoal, mas, sobretudo, exaltar as raízes mexicanas que a representavam. A potência e a fragilidade encontradas na obra e na vida da autora desafiaram as normatividades da sociedade na qual viveu ao reproduzir relações de poder, bem como a capacidade de resistir viva dentro de seu tempo e de ultrapassá-lo através do seu legado artístico.
Estrutura superficial e geoquímica da paisagem na bacia do Córrego Igrejinha, Juiz de Fora – MG.
Authors:   , Lucas Paula Graciele Silvestre
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho visou compreender a paisagem no âmbito dinâmico-funcional por meio da compartimentação de diferentes ambientes geomorfológicos e geoquímicos para a interpretação da influência do grau antropogênico na estrutura superficial da paisagem na Bacia do Córrego Igrejinha, localizada no município de Juiz de Fora (MG). Buscou-se apresentar uma abordagem metodológica abarcada pelo estudo da estrutura superficial da paisagem segundo seus aspectos dinâmico-funcionais por técnicas de compartimentação embasadas nas concepções teóricas da geoquímica da paisagem. A compartimentação dinâmica-funcional definiu as paisagens autônomas (zona eluvial) e subordinadas (zonas transeluviais, transacumulativas e acumulativas) sendo possível a identificação das áreas emissoras e receptoras de materiais. Nas paisagens identificadas, foram coletadas amostras das coberturas superficiais e realizados ensaios laboratoriais, onde através da caracterização por meio da química analítica, discutido a mobilidade química nos parâmetros da afinidade e das reações químicas vigentes no intemperismo químico. Em posse desses resultados, foi discutida a relação entre a compartimentação dinâmico-funcional e suas relações com a geoquímica das coberturas superficiais, foram analisadas as assinaturas geoquímicas das zonas transeluviais e acumulativa e relacionado o quadro geoquímico e a organização tecnogênica vigente. Como resultado foi possível observar que as atividades humanas interferem nos processos de intemperismo químico, alterando as abundâncias das fases mineralógicas nas paisagens elementares.
Juventude e suas práticas de lazer na cidade de Matias Barbosa - MG
Authors:   , Silva Vanely Andressa da
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho aborda a relação do jovem com a cidade, centrando-se na compreensão das espacialidades estabelecidas pelos jovens moradores de uma cidade pequena na busca pelo lazer. Procuramos compreender de que forma viver em uma cidade pequena condiciona as experiências dos jovens e suas espacialidades relacionadas ao lazer, identificando a maneira que os jovens se organizam para produzir seu próprio lazer, criando novos tipos de sociabilidades e novas territorialidades, que impulsionam novas espacialidades desses sujeitos no espaço urbano. Iniciamos nosso processo de análise através do aprofundamento bibliográfico referente às categorias centrais da pesquisa, apontando as principais linhas epistemológicas que tratam os conceitos de juventude e lazer. Apresentamos as principais conceitualizações de juventude, dando ênfase nas abordagens sociológicas, e na evolução do conceito, que culminou no reconhecimento de sua pluralidade e na identificação de diferentes fatores que condicionam a experiência juvenil, com destaque para os fatores socioespaciais e seus desdobramentos. Apresentamos também as diferentes concepções do conceito de lazer ao longo da história, evidenciando a sua importância para o pleno desenvolvimento social dos jovens, e as diversas dinâmicas socioespaciais contidas nas práticas de lazer e de sociabilidades, que contribuem para a construção de um espaço urbano inclusivo, capaz de produzir cidadania e dignidade para a população jovem. O processo metodológico se deu através de revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, pesquisa de campo e pesquisa de levantamento realizada através de entrevistas estruturadas e semiestruturadas. A partir disso identificamos os principais espaços de lazer e sociabilidades experimentados pela juventude da cidade de Matias Barbosa, enfatizando os processos socioespaciais que influenciam nas experiências juvenis vivenciadas na cidade.
A formação continuada docente e a cultura digital no contexto pandêmico da Covid-19: os desafios do professor coordenador de área
Authors:   , Mota Liliane de Paiva Pimentel
Published: December 2024

A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Avaliação da Educação Pública (PPGP) do Centro de Políticas Públicas e Avaliação da Educação (CAEd) da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF). O caso de gestão apresentado teve como objetivo geral investigar a percepção dos professores da Área de Linguagens, Códigos e suas Tecnologias (LCT) de uma escola pública de ensino regular, do Estado do Ceará, acerca da formação continuada realizada na escola. Como objetivos específicos, temos: i) analisar a fala dos professores acerca da formação continuada docente realizada na escola; ii) verificar a percepção acerca da cultura digital e os desdobramentos advindos da situação pandêmica Covid-19 durante o biênio 2020-2021; e iii) propor, como Plano de Ação Educacional (PAE), mudanças demandadas na formação continuada docente, diante do contexto identificado e analisado. Sob tal perspectiva, a partir do estudo analítico, foi proposto um plano de ação, tendo como premissa o aprimoramento da formação continuada docente realizada na escola, alinhada ao uso das tecnologias digitais. Por conseguinte, tendo por fulcro as análises realizadas, foram elencadas ações, subsidiadas em aspectos formativos e relacionadas à cultura digital em seus dispositivos tecnológicos em rede. Este trabalho teve como fundamento estudiosos como Paulo Freire (1996) e Antonio Nóvoa (1992; 1995; 2002; 2009; 2019), que abordam aspectos relacionados à educação e à formação inicial e continuada docente com ênfase crítica e práxis transformadora; Bruno e Couto (2019), Bruno, Pesce e Bartolomeu (2012), Pimentel e Fuks (2011) Pimentel (2018), Sampaio e Bonilla (2014), Santos (2009; 2019), Santaella (2013a; 2013b) e Silva (2012), que tratam das possibilidades educacionais advindas da cultura digital; e Serres (1996; 2013), que coaduna a revolução tecnológica e digital com os seus reflexos na atualidade. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, natureza aplicada, objetivo exploratório e procedimentos de pesquisa documental combinados com estudo de caso. Relativamente à coleta e à análise de dados, foram realizadas pesquisas documentais, aplicação de questionário, bem como duas rodas de conversa com onze docentes da área LCT da escola em tela. Finalizado o processo de análise dos dados construídos, a pesquisa apresenta, como aplicação educacional, uma proposta de intervenção com a perspectiva de auxiliar na condução da formação continuada docente contextualizada nas condições socioeconômicas e culturais da escola, sob o prisma da cultura digital e de práticas estratégicas e cooperativas.
Transporte escolar: acesso e permanência dos alunos de escolas rurais e de tempo integral em Carmo do Paranaíba/MG
Authors:   , Souza Walmir Eustáquio de
Published: December 2024

A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Avaliação da Educação (PPGP) do Centro de Políticas Públicas e Avaliação da Educação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (CAEd/UFJF), tem como objetivo analisar os problemas na gestão do transporte escolar que prejudicam a oferta da educação em tempo integral pelas escolas da rede estadual de ensino aos alunos que residem na zona rural do município do Carmo do Paranaíba - MG. A pesquisa utilizou como metodologia o estudo de caso de gestão, no qual analisamos dados que demonstram a ausência de matrículas dos alunos que residem na zona rural nas escolas atendidas pelo transporte escolar somente em um único turno: matutino ou vespertino. Da primeira etapa do estudo de caso emergiu a questão de pesquisa desta dissertação: o acesso e permanência dos alunos que residem na zona rural na educação em tempo integral. Para respondê-la foi definido como objetivo geral: investigar a relação entre o transporte escolar e o acesso dos alunos que residem na zona rural na educação em tempo integral ofertada pelas escolas públicas da rede estadual de ensino situado no município do Carmo do Paranaíba/MG que implementaram o sistema de educação integral. Para alcançar este objetivo geral traçamos objetivos específicos: a) identificar e analisar os investimentos de recursos públicos destinados ao transporte escolar; b) conhecer as demandas sociais para o transporte escolar e identificar se os recursos destinados a transportar os alunos são suficientes para atender esta demanda; c) analisar o impacto do transporte na implementação de projetos e programas educacionais que visam a melhoria da qualidade da educação pública; d) investigar se o transporte escolar influencia no acesso dos alunos na educação em tempo integral; e) propor um Plano de Ação para os problemas diagnosticados na realização desta pesquisa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com aporte na análise e sistematização de dados quantitativos, na análise documental, na revisão de literatura da área e nas entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores educacionais da rede pública estudada. Há expectativa de contribuir com a proposição de um Plano de Ação Educacional que possa melhorar o modo como os alunos permanecem nas escolas.
Comunidade remanescente de quilombo da Tapera (Petrópolis, RJ): visões de passado em contexto de presente
Authors:   , Goulart Pablo Gomes
Published: December 2024

Este presente trabalho consiste na apresentação de uma comunidade remanescente de quilombo localizada na cidade de Petrópolis, denominada de Tapera. Esta pesquisa, tem como um de seus objetivos centrais evidenciar toda a trajetória histórica, cultural e social do quilombo em questão, além de analisar o contexto de luta territorial muito presente durante a construção identitária da comunidade da Tapera, analisando como que esses acontecimentos em específico tiveram influência ou não no desenvolvimento do quilombo.
Como se dão as manifestações da palavra, do discurso e do silêncio no sistema totalitário e repressivo no Conto da Aia
Authors:   , Strehle Rachel Nascimento
Published: December 2024

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar o silenciamento e a opressão das mulheres na obra O Conto da Aia (1985), de Margaret Atwood, pela perspectiva da análise do discurso pecheutiana. Esta proposta se desenvolverá por meio de uma revisão de literatura baseada em pesquisa qualitativa. Para isso, operacionalizamos alguns conceitos sob a ótica Análise do Discurso, como: discurso, interdiscurso, sujeito, ideologia. Abordaremos, também, as formas do silêncio propostas por Eni P. Orlandi (2011), que entende o silêncio sob dois vieses: o silêncio fundante e o silenciamento. Este, por sua vez, se subdivide em silêncio constitutivo e silêncio local. Este trabalho se divide em cinco capítulos. Iniciaremos com um capítulo introdutório, no capítulo dois, iremos trazer algumas considerações sobre a Análise de Discurso pecheutiana. No capítulo três continuaremos nosso percurso com uma síntese de O Conto da Aia para contextualizarmos os discursos que serão analisados. No quarto capítulo será feito um breve histórico do movimento feminista. No quinto capítulo buscaremos nas tramas textuais como os diversos silêncios se manifestam dentro da narrativa e suas condições de produção.
Modelagem construcional de anáforas pronominais na FrameNet Brasil: contribuições para o mapeamento computacional da referência
Authors:   , Santos Bárbara Dias
Published: December 2024

O trabalho apresentado nesta dissertação se insere nos estudos desenvolvidos pela FrameNet Brasil (FN-Br). Por meio dos pressupostos teóricos da Semântica de Frames (FILLMORE, 1982) e da Gramática de Construções de Berkeley (KAY; FILLMORE, 1999), este trabalho tem como objetivos (i) fornecer o tratamento linguístico-computacional das construções anafóricas pronominais no português brasileiro; (ii) discutir a aplicação do modelo do Constructicon em métodos de extração de informação. Para atingir esses objetivos, o trabalho conta com uma metodologia dividida em: apresentação do corpus de análise, cadastramento de construções, análise de ocorrências, modelagem e experimento de reconhecimento de construções. Assim, este trabalho propõe uma representação linguística e computacional das construções anafóricas pronominais demonstrativas, possessivas, reflexivas, relativas, indefinidas, nominativas, oblíquas e de tratamento. Por meio da análise de dados em dois corpora General e Natural Language Generation, constatamos a diversidade dos padrões anafóricos pronominais em língua portuguesa. A partir disso, modelamos computacionalmente as construções por tipo de anáfora e definimos os elementos que compõem a estrutura: o antecedente e o pronome. Depois, limitamos morfossintática e semanticamente os elementos que constituem as estruturas por meio de constraints baseados em Universal Dependencies (UDs), ordem de constituintes e frames. Por fim, implementamos um sistema de reconhecimento de construções anafóricas pronominais e de seus antecedentes a partir das construções modeladas no Constructicon e quantificamos os dados obtidos. Os resultados apontam para o mapeamento correto dos elementos antecedentes pela aplicação do modelo em contextos que o antecedente localiza-se próximo ao pronome anafórico. Por outro lado, o modelo não obteve o resultado esperado em contextos que os antecedentes são sintagmas nominais complexos, entidades nomeadas, elipses ou estão localizados fora do limite da sentença. Tais limitações estão relacionadas a três fatores: às deficiências do modelo propriamente dito, à base de dados da FN-Br que não processa entidades nomeadas e, por fim, ao funcionamento do parser UD - que processa itens lexicais em uma sentença por vez. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de ampliação da cobertura do Constructicon da FN-Br.
Construção de uma ferramenta computacional para simulação hemodinâmica em modelos 1D de árvores arteriais
Authors:   , Santos Igor Pires dos
Published: December 2024

O escoamento sanguíneo em modelos de árvores arteriais do sistema circulatório é frequentemente utilizado para melhor entender este complexo sistema. Ao realizar estas simulações hemodinâmicas pode ser observado como as ondas de pressão e fluxo são alteradas ao longo do modelo vascular. Desta forma, é possível obter dados sem a realização de exames invasivos levando em conta diferentes cenários hemodinâmicos. Neste trabalho, apresentam-se: (i) um modelo matemático da literatura que descreve o escoamento sanguíneo pulsátil em modelos de árvores arteriais unidimensionais (1D), (ii) uma ferramenta computacional desenvolvida que calcula a pressão e fluxo em cada vaso a partir do modelo matemático . A ferramenta computacional desenvolvida conta com uma estrutura de dados proposta que concilia os conceitos de uma linguagem orientada à objetos e bibliotecas adicionais com o modelo matemático adotado. A estrutura de dados foi utilizada no desenvolvimento de dois ambientes, um console (modo terminal) e uma interface gráfica de usuário. A arquitetura de classes tem como objetivo conciliar as ferramentas disponibilizadas pelas bibliotecas para simular corretamente o modelo matemático escolhido e permitir que outros modelos matemáticos sejam facilmente acoplados posteriormente. A estrutura de dados proposta possibilita que as diversas características de uma árvore arterial possam ser armazenadas, utilizadas e visualizadas em tempo de execução. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho estão condizentes com dados numéricos relatados na literatura. A ferramenta computacional construída é útil para realizar simulação hemodinâmicas em modelos 1D de árvores arteriais e pode servir como uma plataforma para investigação de modelos computacionais