bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survey of Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Concrete: A Comprehensive Review and Data Analysis
Authors: Mohammed Azad A. , Ahmed Hemn Unis , Mosavi Amir
Published: August 2021

Mechanical properties and data analysis for the prediction of different mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete (GPC) were investigated. A relatively large amount of test data from 126 past works was collected, analyzed, and correlation between different mechanical properties and compressive strength was investigated. Equations were proposed for the properties of splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, and strain corresponding to peak compressive strength. The proposed equations were found accurate and can be used to prepare a state-of-art report on GPC. Based on data analysis, it was found that there is a chance to apply some past proposed equations for predicting different mechanical properties. CEB-FIP equations for the prediction of splitting tensile strength and strain corresponding to peak compressive stress were found to be accurate, while ACI 318 equations for splitting tensile and elastic modulus overestimates test data for GPC of low compressive strength.
miRNA-146a and miRNA-126 as Potential Biomarkers in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Generalized Periodontitis
Authors: Mahendra Jaideep , Mahendra Little , Fageeh Hytham N. , Fageeh Hammam Ibrahim , Ibraheem Wael , Abdulkarim Hesham H. , Kanakamedala Anilkumar , Prakash Prashanthi , Srinivasan Sruthi , Balaji Thodur Madapusi , Varadarajan Saranya , Jagannathan Raghunathan , Patil Shankargouda
Published: August 2021

The present study aims to compare the levels of micro-RNA-146a and micro-RNA-126 in oral subgingival plaque and coronary plaque from artery walls in patients with coronary artery disease who suffer from generalized periodontitis. A total of 75 participants were selected and grouped into three categories of 25 patients each: GP+CAD, GP, and HP groups. GP+CAD consisted of patients diagnosed with generalized periodontitis (GP) and coronary artery disease (CAD). The GP+CAD group was further divided into two groups—GP+CADa: where subgingival plaque samples were collected; GP+CADb group: where coronary plaque samples were collected while the patient underwent a coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The GP group consisted of 25 patients diagnosed with only generalized periodontitis. The HP group consisted of 25 systemically and periodontally healthy controls. miRNA-146a and miRNA126 levels were assessed in subgingival plaque (SP) samples from all groups. Results revealed that miRNA-146a was expressed at higher levels and miRNA-126 was downregulated in the GP+CAD group. microRNAs in subgingival plaque samples showed a significant correlation with the coronary plaque samples in the GP+CAD group. miRNA-146a and miRNA-126 were present in coronary artery disease patients with periodontitis. These micro-RNAs may serve as risk biomarkers for coronary artery disease and generalized periodontitis.
Circulatory Management of Polymer Waste: Recycling into Fine Fibers and Their Applications
Authors: Šišková Alena Opálková , Peer Petra , Andicsová Anita Eckstein , Jordanov Igor , Rychter Piotr
Published: August 2021

In modern society, it is impossible to imagine life without polymeric materials. However, managing the waste composed of these materials is one of the most significant environmental issues confronting us in the present day. Recycling polymeric waste is the most important action currently available to reduce environmental impacts worldwide and is one of the most dynamic areas in industry today. Utilizing this waste could not only benefit the environment but also promote sustainable development and circular economy management. In its program statement, the European Union has committed to support the use of sorted polymeric waste. This study reviews recent attempts to recycle this waste and convert it by alternative technologies into fine, nano-, and microscale fibers using electrospinning, blowing, melt, or centrifugal spinning. This review provides information regarding applying reprocessed fine fibers in various areas and a concrete approach to mitigate the threat of pollution caused by polymeric materials.
Study of Flexural and Crack Propagation Behavior of Layered Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Mortar Using the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Technique
Authors: Meng Shaoqiang , Li Jiaming , Liu Zhihao , Wang Wenwei , Niu Yanfei , Ouyang Xiaowei
Published: August 2021

By optimizing the distribution of steel fibers in fiber-reinforced cementitious mortar (FRCM) through the layered structure, the role of fibers can be fully utilized, thus improving the flexural behavior. In this study, the flexural behavior of layered FRCM at different thicknesses (25 mm, 50 mm, 75 mm, 100 mm) of the steel fiber layer was investigated. The evolution of the crack propagation behavior was analyzed using the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The results showed that the steel fiber layer thickness of 75 mm has the best flexural behavior. Moreover, the crack propagation path is more tortuous. The maximum value of crack opening displacement (COM) increases with the increase in fiber thickness. In addition, increasing the bottom layer thickness can increase the height of the tensile zone, but the interface inhibits the increase of the tensile zone.
A Review of Adsorbents for Heavy Metal Decontamination: Growing Approach to Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Gupta Archana , Sharma Vishal , Sharma Kashma , Kumar Vijay , Choudhary Sonal , Mankotia Priyanka , Kumar Brajesh , Mishra Harshita , Moulick Amitava , Ekielski Adam , Mishra Pawan Kumar
Published: August 2021

Heavy metal is released from many industries into water. Before the industrial wastewater is discharged, the contamination level should be reduced to meet the recommended level as prescribed by the local laws of a country. They may be poisonous or cancerous in origin. Their presence does not only damage people, but also animals and vegetation because of their mobility, toxicity, and non-biodegradability into aquatic ecosystems. The review comprehensively discusses the progress made by various adsorbents such as natural materials, synthetic, agricultural, biopolymers, and commercial for extraction of the metal ions such as Ni2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, As2+ and Zn2+ along with their adsorption mechanisms. The adsorption isotherm indicates the relation between the amount adsorbed by the adsorbent and the concentration. The Freundlich isotherm explains the effective physical adsorption of the solute particle from the solution on the adsorbent and Langmuir isotherm gives an idea about the effect of various factors on the adsorption process. The adsorption kinetics data provide valuable insights into the reaction pathways, the mechanism of the sorption reaction, and solute uptake. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models were applied to describe the sorption kinetics. The presented information can be used for the development of bio-based water treatment strategies.
Experimental Study on the Influence of Rubber Content on Chloride Salt Corrosion Resistance Performance of Concrete
Authors: Su Danyang , Pang Jianyong , Huang Xiaowen
Published: August 2021

In order to enhance the corrosion resistance of concrete to chloride salt, 5% NaCl solution was used to corrode ordinary concrete (OC) and rubber concrete (RC) with 5%, 10%, and 15% rubber content, respectively. By testing the compressive strength, mass, chloride ion concentration at different depths and relative dynamic elastic modulus, the erosion mechanism was analyzed by means of SEM scanning and EDS patterns, and the mechanical properties and deterioration degree of ordinary concrete (OC) and rubber concrete (RC) under the corrosion environment of chloride salt were studied. The results show that: the quality of rubber mixed into concrete increases first and then decreases, and rubber can increase the compressive strength of concrete, improve its internal structure. At the same time, the mechanical properties of concrete in the corrosion environment of chloride salt are improved to a certain extent, and the deterioration degree is reduced. Considering the comprehensive performance of OC and RC in the dry–wet alternation mechanism under chloride salt corrosion, the best content of rubber is 10%.
Characterization of Fatty Acids as Biobased Organic Materials for Latent Heat Storage
Authors: Duquesne Marie , Mailhé Clément , Doppiu Stefania , Dauvergne Jean-Luc , Santos-Moreno Sergio , Godin Alexandre , Fleury Guillaume , Rouault Fabien , Palomo del Barrio Elena
Published: August 2021

This work aims to characterize phase change materials (PCM) for thermal energy storage in buildings (thermal comfort). Fatty acids, biobased organic PCM, are attractive candidates for integration into active or passive storage systems for targeted application. Three pure fatty acids (capric, myristic and palmitic acids) and two eutectic mixtures (capric-myristic and capric-palmitic acids) are studied in this paper. Although the main storage properties of pure fatty acids have already been investigated and reported in the literature, the information available on the eutectic mixtures is very limited (only melting temperature and enthalpy). This paper presents a complete experimental characterization of these pure and mixed fatty acids, including measurements of their main thermophysical properties (melting temperature and enthalpy, specific heats and densities in solid and liquid states, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity as well as viscosity) and the properties of interest regarding the system integrating the PCM (energy density, volume expansion). The storage performances of the studied mixtures are also compared to those of most commonly used PCM (salt hydrates and paraffins).
Study on Structure and Properties of La2O3-Doped Basaltic Glasses for Immobilizing Simulated Lanthanides
Authors: Tong Qin , Huo Jichuan , Zhang Xingquan , Cui Zhu , Zhu Yongchang
Published: August 2021

The La2O3-doped basaltic glass simulated high-level waste form (HLW) was prepared by the solid-state melt method. The simulated waste La2O3 maximum loading and the doping effect on structure, thermal stability, leaching behavior, density, and hardness of basaltic glasses were studied. XRD and SEM results show that the simulated waste loading of La2O3 in basaltic glass can be up to ~46 wt.%, and apatite (CaLa4(SiO4)3O) precipitates when the content of La2O3 reaches 56 wt.%. Raman results indicate that the addition of La2O3 breaks the Si–O–Si bond of large-membered and four-membered, but the number of A13+ involved in the formation of the network increase. Low content of La2O3 can help to repair the glass network, but it destroys the network as above 26 wt.%. DSC results show the thermal stability of simulated waste forms first increases and then decreases with the increase of La2O3 content. With the increase of La2O3 content, the density of the simulated waste form increases, and the hardness decreases. The leaching chemical stability of samples was evaluated by the ASTM Product Consistency Test (PCT) Method, which show that all the samples have good chemical stability. The leaching rates of La and Fe are three orders of magnitude lower than those of the other elements. Among them, L36 has the best comprehensive leaching performance.
Effects of Processing Conditions and Plasticizing-Reinforcing Modification on the Crystallization and Physical Properties of PLA Films
Authors: Wang Shuo , Liu Baodong , Qin Yingying , Guo Hongge
Published: August 2021

The polylactic acid (PLA) resin Ingeo 4032D was selected as the research object. Epoxy soybean oil (ESO) and zeolite (3A molecular sieve) were used as plasticizer and reinforcing filler, respectively, for PLA blend modification. The mixture was granulated in an extruder and then blown to obtain films under different conditions to determine the optimum processing temperatures and screw rotation. Then, the thermal behaviour, crystallinity, optical transparency, micro phase structure and physical properties of the film were investigated. The results showed that with increasing zeolite content, the crystallization behaviour of PLA changed, and the haze of the film increased from 5% to 40% compared to the pure PLA film. Zeolite and ESO dispersed in the PLA matrix played a role in toughening and strengthening. The PLA/8 wt% zeolite/3 wt% ESO film had the highest longitudinal tensile strength at 77 MPa. The PLA/2 wt% zeolite/3 wt% ESO film had the highest longitudinal elongation at 13%. The physical properties depended heavily on the dispersion of zeolite and ESO in the matrix.
Characterization of Phytoestrogens in Medicago sativa L. and Grazing Beef Cattle
Authors: Wyse Jessica M. , Latif Sajid , Gurusinghe Saliya , Berntsen Erica D. , Weston Leslie A. , Stephen Cyril P.
Published: August 2021

Phytoestrogens are plant-produced bioactive secondary metabolites known to play an integral role in plant defense that frequently accumulate in times of stress and/or microbial infection. Phytoestrogens typically belong to two distinct chemical classes; flavonoids (isoflavones) and non-flavonoids (lignans and coumestans). Upon consumption by livestock, high concentrations of phytoestrogens can cause long-term disruption in reproduction due to structural similarities with mammalian estrogens and their tendency to bind estrogen receptors. Wide variation in phytoestrogen concentration has been reported in pasture legumes and corresponding silage or hay. Lucerne is a common perennial pasture legume in temperate climates, but information on phytoestrogen production or accumulation in grazing livestock is currently limited. Therefore, metabolic profiling using UHPLC-MS-QToF was performed to identify and quantitate key phytoestrogens in both fresh and dried lucerne fodder from replicated field or controlled glasshouse environments. Phytoestrogens were also profiled in the blood plasma of Angus cattle grazing field-grown lucerne. Results revealed that phytoestrogens varied quantitatively and qualitatively among selected lucerne cultivars grown under glasshouse conditions. Fresh lucerne samples contained higher concentrations of coumestans and other phytoestrogenic isoflavones than did dried samples for all cultivars profiled, with several exceeding desirable threshold levels for grazing cattle. Coumestans and isoflavones profiled in plasma of Angus heifers grazing lucerne increased significantly over a 21-day sampling period following experimental initiation. Currently, threshold concentrations for phytoestrogens in plasma are unreported. However, total phytoestrogen concentration exceeded 300 mg·kg−1 in fresh and 180 mg·kg−1 in dried samples of selected cultivars, suggesting that certain genotypes may upregulate phytoestrogen production, while others may prove suitable sources of fodder for grazing livestock.
The Risk of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Differs between Risk Groups in Norway Following Widespread Use of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Vaccine in Children
Authors: Winje Brita Askeland , Vestrheim Didrik Frimann , White Richard Aubrey , Steens Anneke
Published: August 2021

The elderly and adults with medical risk conditions remain at high risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), highlighting the importance of adequate preventive efforts. In an observational population-based study in Norway (pop ≥ 5 years, 2009–2017) covering six years post-PCV13 implementation, we explored the incidence and risk of IPD associated with age and comorbidities. We obtained the data on 5535 IPD cases from the Norwegian Surveillance System for Communicable Diseases and the population data from Statistics Norway. To define comorbidities, we obtained ICD-10 codes from the Norwegian Patient Registry for the cases and the Norwegian population. The average annual decrease in PCV13 IPD incidence was significant in all risk groups and decreased post-PCV13 introduction by 16–20% per risk group, implying a nondifferential indirect protection from the childhood vaccination. The IPD incidence remained high in the medical risk groups. The relative importance of medical risk conditions was 2.8 to 6 times higher in those aged 5–64 versus ≥65 years for all types of IPD, since age itself is a risk factor for IPD. In groups without medical risk, the risk of IPD was eight times higher in those aged ≥65 compared to those 5–64 years (RR 8.3 (95% CI 7.3–9.5)). Our results underscore the need for age- and risk-group-based prevention strategies.
Editorial for Special Issue “Novel and Emerging Strategies for Sustainable Mine Tailings and Acid Mine Drainage Management”
Authors: Tabelin Carlito Baltazar , Yoo Kyoungkeun , Li Jining
Published: August 2021

Climate change is one of the most pressing problems facing humanity this century [...]
Tea Bags for Fmoc Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis: An Example of Circular Economy
Authors: Guzmán Fanny , Gauna Adriana , Roman Tanya , Luna Omar , Álvarez Claudio , Pareja-Barrueto Claudia , Mercado Luis , Albericio Fernando , Cárdenas Constanza
Published: August 2021

Peptide synthesis is an area with a wide field of application, from biomedicine to nanotechnology, that offers the option of simultaneously synthesizing a large number of sequences for the purpose of preliminary screening, which is a powerful tool. Nevertheless, standard protocols generate large volumes of solvent waste. Here, we present a protocol for the multiple Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis in tea bags, where reagent recycling steps are included. Fifty-two peptides with wide amino acid composition and seven to twenty amino acid residues in length were synthesized in less than three weeks. A clustering analysis was performed, grouping the peptides by physicochemical features. Although a relationship between the overall yield and the physicochemical features of the sequences was not established, the process showed good performance despite sequence diversity. The recycling system allowed to reduce N, N-dimethylformamide usage by 25–30% and reduce the deprotection reagent usage by 50%. This protocol has been optimized for the simultaneous synthesis of a large number of peptide sequences. Additionally, a reagent recycling system was included in the procedure, which turns the process into a framework of circular economy, without affecting the quality of the products obtained.
Pharmaceutical Residues in Senior Residences Wastewaters: High Loads, Emerging Risks
Authors: Lacorte Silvia , Gómez-Canela Cristian , Calas-Blanchard Carole
Published: August 2021

Senior residences are health-care facilities that are socially-accepted for the assistance of elderly people. Since the elderly account for the foremost pharmaceutical-consuming age-group, senior residences become a hot-spot for pharmaceuticals discharge to the sewage grid. The objectives of the present study were to identify the bioactive pharmaceuticals in sewage waters from senior residences and to propose an on-site monitoring strategy for their control. In this study, we have studied the presence of 43 pharmaceuticals highly consumed by the elderly population in six senior residences located in Spain, France and Portugal. Wastewater was sampled directly from the water-chest in each residence during different times of the day throughout one week. Main compounds detected at the high µg L−1 level were analgesic and antipyretic drugs such as acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, ibuprofen; antibiotics such as amoxicillin and sulfamethoxazole; compounds for the treatment of neuropathies as gabapentin, trazodone and valsartan; pharmaceuticals for the treatment of diabetes (vildagliptin) and anticancer drugs. The daily loads discharged were estimated and their fate was evaluated. The final objective of this study is to highlight the need to implement at-source waste water treatment procedures in senior residences, which have been identified as a point source pollution of pharmaceuticals.
The Project of Crating a New World Logisticsю Part I. History and Economics of the Project
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Akaev Askar A. ,   Russian Academy of Sciences., Golubitskiy Yuri A. ,   Institute of Socio-Political Research of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences., Starikov Ivan V.
Published: August 2021

The article presents one of the most promising and ambitious in socio-economic, political, humanitarian aspects of the Russian scientists’ project: “United Eurasia: Trans-Eurasian Belt of RAZVITIE — Integrated Eurasian Transport System (United Eurasia: TEBR-IETS)”. The main purpose of the project is to ensure the connectivity of the territories of the Russian Federation and their active development, first of all, the deep integrated development of Siberia, the Far East and the Arctic. The role of the project in the partnership of the progressive world community is great; the radically modernized Trans-Siberian Railway — the backbone of the project — is designed to connect the Far East, including Japan, with Western Europe and the USA in the future. This fact will make it possible to carry out on the territory of the Russian Federation and the countries included in the project, the systemic coordination of all types of transport, including river and nautical, to create a single world logistics complex of advanced technical and managerial development. The creation of the IETS will consolidate Russian geopolitical position as a transport bridge between the world economic and civilizational regions. It will create conditions for mutually beneficial cooperation with Austria, Germany, France, Czech Republic, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, India; will open up new opportunities for cooperation with North Korea, Canada and USA in the future. It will arouse interest from the PRC in the integration of a similar Chinese project, the "Silk Road" with the Russian Megaproject. The implementation of the Megaproject will allow Russia to offer the world a new effective version of a non-confrontational way of solving international problems, become a geo-economic and geopolitical integrator on the Euro-Asian continent, lay the foundations for the solidarity development of all civilizational centers around Russia as a civilization state, make it senseless and impossible to impose sanctions on Russia, and raise to a qualitatively new level of authority and the role of the Russian Federation in the modern world.
On Catastrophic Increase in Mortality and Measures to Save the People in Russia
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Aganbegyan Abel G. ,   Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

How is it that in Russia, unlike in other countries, during the coronavirus pandemic the total mortality increased by a record amount and the income and consumption of the population decreased to the greatest extent? The point is that the crisis, caused by the coronavirus pandemic, is completely different from previous ones. It highlights the dilemma: should we use forces and means to prevent an economic recession with lower costs for anti-crisis measures, or focus on saving people's lives while minimizing additional mortality and maintaining real incomes of the population? Each country, depending on objectives, prevailing conditions and opportunities, chooses its “golden mean”. In many cases such choice is not fully conscious, since it's not possible to forecast with any certainty even over the near term. Decisions have to be taken up along the way, based on the situation and assessing the probability of certain events, including in view of the other countries' experience in combating the pandemic
Contents of the standard operating procedure “Ethical rules of office conduct and appearance secondary and junior medical personnel SBHI SRCOD”
Authors: Podusova Taisiya Nikolaevna , Shulyk Galina Alimovna
Published: August 2021

This standard operating procedure (SOP) defines the ethical rules of official conduct, the appearance of nurses and nurses at the Samara Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary.
Organization of nursing care in dentistry
Authors: Zinkovskaya Anna Sergeevna
Published: August 2021

The aim of the study is to characterize the organization of nursing care in dentistry, to assess the level of patient satisfaction with the quality of medical services provided. Results. The main factor that determines the population's need for dental care is caries, which ranks first in the structure of dental pathology in patients of dental clinics in Samara, at the time of the study: the prevalence of caries was 80 % in patients of the age group under 49 years old, periodontal disease — 83 % in persons aged 30 to 39 years, secondary partial adentia— 25 % in persons aged 20 to 29 years, deformation of the dentition— the frequency of detection of this pathology is 18 cases per 100 patients. Conclusion. Analysis of the factors that determine the population's need for dental care showed an increase in the number of dental diseases in Samara, which determines the population's need for high-quality dental care.
Itsenko-Cushing’s disease in the practice of a nurse
Authors: Samokhvalova Polina Denisovna , Matveev Nikita Dmitrievich , Skvortsov Vsevolod Vladimirovich
Published: August 2021

Itsenko-Cushing’s disease is a disease characterized by dysfunctions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system. Without therapy during the first five years, the survival rate is 50 %, and the patient’s condition improves markedly with palliative treatment, increasing the survival rate to 86 %. Today, there are a number of criteria for the diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment of this pathology.
Construction and installation works in healthcare organizations: features of management accounting and reporting
Authors: Korchagina L.M.
Published: August 2021

The design and construction of medical buildings must comply with a large number of mandatory requirements established by regulations and customers. Medical buildings, as social facilities, must meet high requirements. In terms of their complexity they are close to industrial facilities. Therefore there is a need to manage a system of such requirements in their construction. The article deals with factors which should be taken into account by a head of a building organization when performing building and erection works in healthcare organizations and which affect their successful planning and realization.
Impact of Financial Attitude, Financial Literacy and Parental Financial Socialization on Prudent Financial Management Practices: A Moderating Effect of Financial Well-Being among the Youth of Pakistan
Authors: Farooq Syed Hamza , Shah Syed Zulfiqar Ali , Rasheed Shahid
Published: August 2021

This study intends to explore the effect of Financial Attitude, Financial Literacy, and ParentalFinancial Socialization on the prudent financial management practices, amid the youth of Pakistan with moderating effect of Financial Well-Being. The population consist over the youth of Pakistan for which the data was collected through an online questionnaire. The study adopted the quantitative approach for which the data from 450 respondents was collected. Subsequently, the data was analyzed with the help of Smart PLS. The results indicated that Parental Financial Socialization, Financial Attitude, and Financial Literacy have a significant and positive relationship with Prudent Financial Management Practices. However, Financial Well-Being does not have significant moderating effect with Parental Financial Socialization, Financial Literacy, and FinancialAttitude. The results further highlighted serious concerns of the effectiveness of Financial Well-Being towards improving youth capabilities in managing their financial affairs in the marketprudently. It shows that challenges faced by the youth in the country market to strengthen thefinancial well-being of an individual by guiding them thoroughly, enhance the effectiveness, andencompass the right elements pertains to financial well-being to ensure today's young Pakistaniability to apply that in the real market place and have full financial freedom
Keywords: Financial Attitude, Parental Financial Socialization, Financial Literacy, Prudent FinancialManagement Practices, Financial Well-Being
Modeling Islamic Finance Adoption for SMEs: Do behavioral intentions and innovativeness matter?
Authors: Asad Humaira , Shaheen Memoona , Aftab Muhammad
Published: August 2021

This study aims to develop a model that explains the Islamic finance adoption by small and medium enterprises (SMEs). We extend the Theory of Planned Behavior by uniting it with the Theory of Diffusion of Innovation. The proposed model examines the effect of innovativeness along with the attitude formation and intention factors towards Islamic finance by focusing on the small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This model was tested by analyzing data from 505 SMEs owners using Structural Equation Modelling. The results show that it is not only the attitude towards Islamic finance and other behavioral factors that determine the intention to use Islamic finance, the innovativeness also matters
Keywords: Momentum, Portfolio, Winner Stocks, Loser Stocks
The Role of Incubation in Creative Problem Solving: Within a Collectivistic Cultural Context
Authors: Anjum Rabia , Suneel Ivan
Published: August 2021

Creative thinking is essential for the progress in education, industry and life in general. Incubation is a widely studied phenomenon in creativity research, referring to leaving a problem aside for a period, to accrue performance on a creative problem. This study investigated the effect of incubation on creative problem-solving by means of a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design, and remote associates tasks (RATs) were used as a measure of creative problem-solving. For this purpose, a sample of 60 students (22 males, 38 females) was recruited from the population of a private university. They were assigned to a control condition and two different experimental conditions based on the time of onset of incubation. The data collected was analyzed for a significant effect across all conditions by means of a chi-squared test and covariates were inferred by means of Spearman's Rho, with a significance level set at ?<.05. The results did not find an incubation effect in creative problem-solving, and several possible explanations may account for this trend, especially the limited cross-cultural application of measurement tools and theoretical paradigms. The disparity is especially prominent with regards to Pakistan, which is predominantly collectivistic, and the educational system stymies creative thinking. Future research must take into account the relevance of culture in creative problem-solving, and propose solutions to circumvent the dearth of creative potential in developing nations such as Pakistan.
Keywords: Incubation, Creative Problem-Solving, Creativity, Remote Associate Tasks, Cross-Cultural Psychology
Short Term and Long Term Herding Prospects: Evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange
Authors: Jabeen Shaista , Rizavi Sayyid Salman
Published: August 2021

The present research intends to examine the herd behaviour of investors in the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). Herd behaviour in stock market is sometimes based on fundamental information, which causes quick price adjustments to new information and leads to efficient markets. Still, sometimes it is not dependent on fundamental information and results in price instability. Herding can be a short term phenomenon, but sometimes a longer time span can provide favourable outcomes for the occurrence of herd behaviour. Considering these diverse views, intraday, daily, weekly, and monthly stock prices of 528 companies listed in the PSX have been used to calculate stock returns. Market-wide herd measure, i.e. CSAD, has been used to compute the herd behaviour. Data has been investigated for autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, and stationarity issues. Findings revealed that herding did not exist in PSX, but some sectors showed this behaviour. Herd behaviour was more likely to exist at a daily level. The tendency of occurrence of the herding phenomenon gradually decreases at intraday and weekly levels. However, herding cannot be taken as a long term phenomenon as just a single sector was evidenced about its existence at the monthly level. Herding is an inherent phenomenon that is very difficult to eliminate from the stock market completely. However, knowledge and information sharing can guide investors to improve this behaviour
Keywords: Herd Behaviour, Behavioural Finance, Return Dispersions, Pakistan Stock Exchange, CSAD
Trade Credit and Stock Return Predictability: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Mubashar Ammara , Chughtai Sumayya , Raheman Abdul
Published: August 2021

Trade credit transfers private information about borrower�s creditworthiness and future performance to other lenders and this information can also be translated into the stock market. The purpose of this study is to analyze the informational role of trade credit in predicting future stock returns of the firms in the context of Pakistan. After controlling for market and firm-specific characteristics in our proposed five-factor model, it is found that firms depending more on trade credit as compared to bank loans have higher future stock returns. These findings suggest that trade credit supply signals the information that the supplier has about the borrower and this information is gradually and positively translated in the market
Keywords: Trade Credit, Stock return Predictability, Fama & French Three-Factor Model
The Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Banks' Productivity in Pakistan
Authors: Afridi Muhammad Asim , Khan Imran , Khan Muddassar
Published: August 2021

The performance of banks has been widely researched using accounting ratios, Tobin�s Q and market returns and less emphasis has been given to productivity measures. The productivity growth of banks is captured through Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). The study then investigates the impact of intellectual capital on the productivity of banks in Pakistan. Value-added The intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) approach is employed to examine the intellectual capital of banks. Data is obtained from annual reports of 20 banks listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange for 10 years (2007-2016). The panel corrected standard error approach is used for estimating the panel regression model. The findings provide evidence that the VAIC, human capital efficiency (HCE) and structural capital efficiency (SCE) has a positive impact on productivity growth (MPI). On the other hand, capital employed efficiency (CEE) has no significant impact on productivity growth. The VAIC approach may be useful for the banks and policymakers in a knowledge economy to integrate the intellectual capital in the decision-making process. Our results also suggest that banks in Pakistan shall increase spending on intellectual capital particularly on human capital and structural capital to elevate the intellectual capital of banks and subsequently get benefits in terms of increased productivity
Keywords: Intellectual capital; Value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC); Malmquist productivity Index; Pakistan banking sector
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ОРГАНІВ ВЛАДИ ТА ГРОМАДСЬКОСТІ В ПРОСТОРІ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ
Authors: Stativka N. V.  , Bubliy M. P.
Published: August 2021

У статті досліджено теоретичні основи взаємодії органів влади та громадськості в просторі комунікації. Доведено, що за роки незалежності нашої країни відбулась трансформація відносин влади і суспільства, від патерналістської моделі до реальної, взаємовигідної, демократичної за своїм характером, двосторонньої взаємодії. Визначено, що досягнутий рівень інформатизації дозволяє повноцінно розвивати інститут електронної демократії, як новітній інструмент підвищення якості прийняття управлінських рішень на державному рівні за допомогою різнорівневої експертної онлайн-мережі, що складається з усіх категорій громадян. При цьому громадяни відповідно до своїх сфер компетенції можуть висувати свої позиції щодо вирішення тієї чи іншої проблеми.
РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ ЗАВДАНЬ ГЕНДЕРНОЇ РІВНОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ НА ОСНОВІ МІЖНАРОДНОГО ПРАВА
Authors: Yelagin V. P.
Published: August 2021

Проведено аналіз методів підтримки ООН прав жінок задля досягнення міжнародного співробітництва у просуванні та заохоченні поваги до прав людини та основних свобод в сучасних умовах. Запропоновані шляхи створення ефективної системи співпраці органів державної влади, міжнародних організацій і громадських об’єднань, діяльність яких спрямована на забезпечення рівних прав та можливостей жінок і чоловіків у суспільстві.
ГРОМАДСЬКІ ІНІЦІАТИВИ ЯК ЧИННИК САМООРГАНІЗАЦІЇ СУСПІЛЬСТВА ТА СУТТЄВИЙ МЕХАНІЗМ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПОСЛУГ
Authors: Kosukhina  K. V.,
Published: August 2021

Статтю присвячено аналізу розвитку громадських ініціатив в Україні, а також їхній ролі у вибудовуванні діалогу між владою і громадянським суспільством. Розглянуто зв’язок громадської ініціативи із наданням соціальних послуг. Визначено взаємодію інститутів громадянського суспільства з органами публічної влади.
ПУБЛІЧНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНИМ РОЗВИТКОМ ТУРИЗМУ: СУЧАСНІ ВИДИ ТА ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Krutii А. M.,
Published: August 2021

Розглянуто публічне управління упровадженням нових технологій, видів, процесів інформатизації та цифровізації в туристичній сфері. Проаналізовано роль нових публічних послуг у сфері туризму з урахуванням технологічних розробок, інновацій та сучасних видів туризму. Визначено, що Україна має потужний потенціал, унікальний комплекс історичних, культурних та природних пам’яток, рекреаційні можливості, що приваблюють туристів, але їхня економічна віддача поки що незначна. Встановлено, що забезпечувати віддачу від цього потенціалу можна лише за умови публічного управління інноваційним розвитком туризму, застосуванням сучасних видів та інноваційних технологій організації туризму, упровадженням ефективних механізмів публічного управління, залученням кваліфікованих кадрів.
ГЕНДЕРНІ АСПЕКТИ ПУБЛІЧНО-ПРИВАТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА У СФЕРІ МАЛОГО ТА СЕРЕДНЬОГО БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: Lukin  S. Yu , Meliakov  A. V., , Baklan  A. O
Published: August 2021

Викладено результати особисто проведених авторами інтерв’ю з лідерами жіночих організацій щодо стану жіночого підприємництва. На конкретних прикладах визначено сильні та слабкі сторони державного регулювання малого та середнього бізнесу. На прикладі лобістської діяльності жіночих бізнес-асоціацій проілюстровано перспективні напрями вдос-коналення публічно-приватного партнерства у справі розбудови сприятливого бізнес-середовища в Україні.
МІСЦЕВІ ФІНАНСИ ЯК ОБ’ЄКТ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ: СУТНІСНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ТА МІСЦЕ У ФІНАНСОВІЙ СИСТЕМІ ДЕРЖАВИ
Authors: Goncharenko  M. V.,
Published: August 2021

Статтю присвячено уточненню сутності місцевих фінансів як об’єкта публічного управління та ролі їх у фінансовій системі держави в умовах децентралізації. Узагальнено зміст, основні риси та підходи до структуризації фінансової системи держави, визначено роль місцевих фінансів у фінансовій системі та системі публічних фінансів зокрема. Досліджено наукові погляди на трактування понять “місцеві фінанси” та “фінанси органів місцевого самоврядування”. Систематизовано особливості фінансів органів місцевого самоврядування як складника системи публічних фінансів. Визначено, що місцеві фінанси реалізують свою економічну сутність через функції, серед яких розподіл і перерозподіл ВВП, формування фіскальної політики на місцевому рівні, фінансування громадських послуг, забезпечення економічного зростання територій.
СТАЛИЙ РОЗВИТОК СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЇ, ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЇХНЬОЇ СПРОМОЖНОСТІ
Authors: Cherniatina V. A
Published: August 2021

Розглянуто поняття сталого розвитку сiльських територiй, зaзнaчено особливостi держaвної полiтики стaлого розвитку сiльських територiй в умовах децентралізації. Визнaчено, що сiльськi територiї потребують особливої увaги з боку держaви тa необхiдних реформ для їхнього розвитку. Визнaчено основнi проблеми стaлого розвитку сiльських територiй та шляхи їхнього вирішення, забезпечення спроможності об’єднаних територіальних громад в Укрaїнi.
ПАРТИСИПАТОРНЕ БЮДЖЕТУВАННЯ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ РОЗВИТКУ МІСЦЕВОЇ ДЕМОКРАТІЇ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ МІСТА КИЄВА)
Authors: Ruban  D. O
Published: August 2021

Досліджено питання розвитку та функціонування інституту партисипаторного бюджетування у світі та в Україні як одного з основних інструментів розвитку місцевої учасницької демократії. Проаналізовано процес упровадження ініціативи громадського бюджету у місті Києві шляхом систематизації інформації в контексті основних етапів реалізації ініціативи громадського бюджету міста Києва та визначення основних проблемних питань, що сформувалися протягом всього терміну реалізації ініціативи у столиці. Також запропоновано шляхи вирішення визначених проблем на підставі європейської та загальноукраїнської практики.
РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ СТРАТЕГІЙ КІБЕРБЕЗПЕКИ: ЕКОНОМІКО-ПОЛІТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Kotukh  Ye. V
Published: August 2021

Статтю присвячено розгляду проблем захисту критичної інфраструктури та врегулювання кризових ситуацій на національному рівні. Три кроки присвячено захисту саме критичної інфраструктури. Доведено, що публічно-приватне партнерство є обов’язковою умовою досягнення цих цілей захисту критичної інфраструктури.

Встановлено, що захист критичної інфраструктури окремими державами не є достатньо ефективним без відповідної співпраці на міждержавному та міжнародному рівнях. Проаналізовано новий вид дипломатичних відносин – кібердипломатію, виокремлено її три основних пріоритети (безпека, економічне співробітництво та права людини).
Técnicas experimentales en física del estado sólido. Conductividad eléctrica en metales
Authors: Moriche Tirado Rocío , Gallardo López Ángela María
Published: August 2021

Recurso de Realidad Virtual que ubica al usuario en un laboratorio de Física de Estado Sólido para realizar un montaje práctico con el que estimará la conductividad eléctrica de dos metales.

El recurso permite al alumno seleccionar el material de laboratorio necesario y va planteando cuestiones sobre el montaje y realización de la práctica. Las selecciones correctas puntúan positivamente y permiten avanzar mientras que las incorrectas puntúan negativamente y bloquean el paso. Un contador va reflejando los aciertos, los fallos y el tiempo consumido. Tras las selecciones correctas aparecen vídeos explicativos. En la escena final se activa un informe de resultados para descargar y una serie de vídeos con los datos necesarios. El alumno o alumna deberá registrar los datos de esos vídeos y seguir las instrucciones del informe para representarlos, analizarlos y obtener finalmente la conductividad eléctrica de los dos metales propuestos. Este resultado se relacionará con la conductividad térmica.

El alumno-a aprenderá un método experimental simple para determinar la respuesta de un material conductor ante el paso de la corriente eléctrica, es decir, su conductividad eléctrica. Se realiza con dos barras de metal, una de cobre y otra de aluminio. El usuario-a montará un sistema muy simple que le permita hacer pasar corriente eléctrica por una barra metálica y medir su diferencia de potencial.
Climate Security and Finland – A Review on Security Implications of Climate Change from the Finnish Perspective
Authors:   Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erkamo Sanna , Pilli-Sihvola Karoliina , Harjanne Atte , Tuomenvirta Heikki
Published: August 2021

This report describes the effects of climate change for Finland from the view of comprehensive security. The report examines both direct and indirect climate security risks as well as transition risks related to climate change mitigation. The report is based on previous research and expert interviews. Direct security risks refer to the immediate risks caused by the changing nature of natural hazards. These include the risks to critical infrastructure and energy systems, the logistics system, health and food security. Indirect security risks relate to the potential economic, political and geopolitical impacts of climate change. Climate change can affect global migration, increase conflict risk, and cause social tensions and inequality. Transition risks are related to economic and technological changes in energy transition, as well as political and geopolitical tensions and social problems caused by climate change mitigation policies. Reducing the use of fossil fuels can result in domestic and foreign policy tensions and economic pressure especially in locations dependent on fossil fuels. Political tension can also increase the risks associated with hybrid and information warfare. The security effects of climate change affect all sectors of society and the Finnish comprehensive security model should be utilized in preparing for them. In the short run, the most substantial arising climate change related security risks in Finland are likely to occur through indirect or transition risks. Finland, similar to other wealthy countries, has better technological, economic and institutional conditions to deal with the problems and risks posed by climate change than many other countries. However, this requires political will and focus on risk reduction and management.
Influence of forest floor vegetation on the total forest reflectance and its implications for LAI estimation using vegetation indices
Authors:   Finnish Meteorological Institute, Manninen Terhikki , Stenberg Pauline ,   University of Helsinki
Published: August 2021

Recently a simple analytic canopy bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) model based on the spectral invariants theory was presented. The model takes into account that the recollision probability in the forest canopy is different for the first scattering than the later ones. Here this model is extended to include the forest floor contribution to the total forest BRF. The effect of the understory vegetation on the total forest BRF as well as on the simple ratio (SR) and the normalized difference (NDVI) vegetation indices is demonstrated for typical cases of boreal forest. The relative contribution of the forest floor to the total BRF was up to 69 % in the red wavelength range and up to 54 % in the NIR wavelength range. Values of SR and NDVI for the forest and the canopy differed within 10 % and 30 % in red and within 1 % and 10 % in the NIR wavelength range. The relative variation of the BRF with the azimuth and view zenith angles was not very sensitive to the forest floor vegetation. Hence, linear correlation of the modelled total BRF and the Ross-thick kernel was strong for dense forests (R2 > 0.9). The agreement between modelled BRF and satellite-based reflectance values was good when measured LAI, clumping index and leaf single scattering albedo values for a boreal forest were used as input to the model.
Percepção dos Torcedores de Estádios Periféricos Diante do Processo de Modernização dos Estádios Brasileiros
Authors: Vieira Christian Matheus Kolanski , Silva Sílvio Ricardo da
Published: August 2021

Estádios periféricos como o Castor Cifuentes/MG e o Farião/MG, com capacidade inferior a 10 mil presentes, representam 77,4% do total de estádios brasileiros. Objetivamos aqui analisar a percepção que os torcedores de estádios periféricos têm sobre estádios e arenas. Para tanto, realizamos 19 incursões a campo, todas em dias de jogos. Para busca dos dados utilizamos a observação não participante e aplicação de formulários. Os dados foram analisados através do programa de análises estatísticas Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) e da análise de conteúdo. Ao fim, participaram do estudo 107 torcedores. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que os participantes são favoráveis a tais transformações, mesmo cientes dos pontos negativos. Inclusive do risco de serem excluídos da vivência cotidiana nos estádios.