bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing of High Power Density Diesel Engine Oil
Authors: Huang Fu Chuan , Xie Yun Guo , Yang Mao Li , Luo Hui Juan , Tong Pan , Li Hong Jun
Published: May 2011

For high power density diesel engine operating characteristics and its unique compact structure, the development of new high power density diesel engine oil referred to the latest diesel engine oil standard GB 11122-2006. Through the comprehensive assessment of physical and chemical properties, the composite of poly a-olefin (PAO) and polymer esters was determined as base oil,and added high-performance additives. This oil developed has clean dispersion, antioxidation, anti-wear , anti-corrosion and other properties. the lubricating oil can well satisfy the performance requirements of high power density diesel engine.
High-Hardness Solidified TiB2-TiC Composites Prepared by Combustion Synthesis under High Gravity
Authors: Ma Tao , Zhao Zhong Min , Zhang Long , Huang Xue Gang , Liu Liang Xiang
Published: May 2011

Large-bulk TiB2-TiC composite ceramics were prepared by combustion synthesis under high gravity. XRD, SEM and EDS results showed TiB2-TiC composites were mainly composed of the fine-grained microstructures of TiC matrix in which a large number of the fine TiB2 platelet grains were dispersed uniformly, whereas there discontinuously dispersed the ε-carbides with the enrichment of Ti atoms, and a few of isolated, irregular α-Al2O3 grains and Al2O3-ZrO2 colonies were also observed at the boundaries of the eutectic microstructures. The results of properties indicate that with increasing mass fraction of B4C+Ti+C in combustion systems, the relative density and fracture toughness of TiB2-TiC composites are all among 97%~99% and 6.5~7.1 MPa·m1/2, respectively, and the Vickers hardness and flexural strength are increased gradually to the maximum values of 28.6GPa and 615MPa, respectively. The achievement of full-density TiB2-TiC composites benefited from the design of full-liquid SHS products and the introduction of high-gravity field, and high hardness of the composite ceramics resulted from the absence of intermediate borides and the achievement of stoichiometric TiC phases due to rapid solidification, whereas high flexural strength of the composite ceramics benefited from the homogenization and refinement of the microstructures due to the rapid separation of the liquid oxides and the rapid coupled growth of TiB2-TiC.
Study on Autoclaved Performance of Pyrite Tailing
Authors: Zhang Lu , Wang Shu Ying
Published: May 2011

Autoclaved characteristics of pyrite tailing are studied mixed different materials by different curing condition. The results show that compressive strength of pyrite tailing autoclaved sample is 0. Pyrite tailing autoclaved sample acquires a higher compressive strength mixed with lime. But effect of gypsum is few on compressive strength of pyrite tailing lime autoclaved system. Mixed pyrite tailing is disadvantage for compressive strength of steel slag autoclaved samples. But a higher compressive strength of steel slag pyrite tailing autoclaved sample is acquired mixed gypsum, and compressive strength of steel slag lime autoclaved sample increases mixed pyrite tailing.
Characterization of β-Cyclodextrin-Thymol Inclusion Complexes
Authors: Chai Xiang Hua , Lin Ruo Hui , Wu Ke Gang , Li Shu Ri
Published: May 2011

Thymol had been confirmed to be applied to prevent the growth of bacteria and function as an antioxidant to maintain the quality of food products. It is known that a number of components of essential oils including thymol are suitable to form inclusion complexes with β-Cyclodextrin, since they fit the hydrophobic cavity tightly. The β-cyclodextrin-thymol(β-CD-thymol) inclusion complexes were prepared by the saturated water solution method. SEM results showed that the lattice of β-CD-thymol inclusions was different from hydrogen-bond-type crystal lattice of β-CD and β-CD-water inclusions; the disappearance of high-energy water molecules in the β-CD cavity was observed from SAT data; the aromatic ring of the thymol was included in the β-CD cavity, according to the FTIR data. Besides, according to the calculation of chemical structure, molecular size of thymol was estimated. These results supported a successful formation of the inclusion and the preliminary structure of host-guest inclusions was constructed, indicating the -CH3 is close to the β-CD narrower rim, while the -CH2 and OH group is close to the wide one.
Preparation and Characterization of Poly(propylene carbonate)/Alkali Lignin Composite Sheets by Calendering Process
Authors: Pan Li Sha , Xu Nai , Tian Zheng , Lu Ling Bin , Pang Su Juan , Lin Qiang
Published: May 2011

PPC is a new biodegradable aliphatic polycarbonate with poor thermal stability and mechanical properties which is difficult to form sheets or films and so on. Through the addition of alkali lignin, thermal stability and mechanical properties of PPC was improved largely. PPC/ alkali lignin sheets could be prepared. DSC results showed that the thermal stability of PPC was improved by the introduction of alkali lignin. SEM showed good dispersion of alkali lignin particles into PPC matrix that resulted in good miscibility. Improved mechanical properties and thermal stability of PPC/ alkali lignin blends were attributed to stronger interfacial interaction of PPC and alkali lignin. These results indicate that blending PPC with alkali lignin is an efficient and convenient method to improve the properties of PPC.
Influence of PH on Treatment of Medium Pulping Wastewater with Micro Electrolysis Coupling with Fenton Oxidation-Flocculation Technology
Authors: Lan Shan Hong , Wu Xiu Wen
Published: May 2011

The scrap iron used in micro electrolytic technology was from the waste of a fabrication plant, this behavior possessed an effect of treating wastes with processes of wastes against one another and the generated Fe2+ can be used in the Fenton oxidation process, Fe3+ generated from which can be linked up with the flocculation technology. So it was capable of cutting down the cost and improving the treatment effect using micro electrolysis coupling with Fenton oxidation-flocculation technology to treat medium pulping wastewater. pH is an important influencing factor of micro electrolysis, Fenton oxidation and flocculation, and in this study the influence of pH on micro electrolytic technology was studied firstly, the results showed that the removal efficiency of COD and chrominance reached 65% and 60%, respectively and the concentration of generated Fe2+ reached 157mg/L when pH was 4. Then the influence of pH on the Fenton oxidation process was studied, the results showed that without extra Fe2+, the removal efficiency of COD by Fenton process increased at fist and then decreased with the increase of pH, and the removal efficiency of COD and chrominance reached 84% and 83%, respectively, and the concentration of generated Fe3+ reached 217mg/L at this moment. At last the study of the influence of pH on the flocculation effect with generated Fe3+ and PAM was carried out, the results showed that the COD removal efficiency reached 41% and the chrominance removal efficiency reached 75%, the final chrominance was 4 and the COD concentration was 45mg/L which was lower than 60mg/L, that met with the first order of effluent standard.
Study on Structure and Rheological Properties of PET/PTT/MMT Nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Li Yan , Li Shan , Li Guang
Published: May 2011

Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)/poly(trimethylene terephthalate)(PTT) /Montemorillonite(MMT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending through a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The wide angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD) patterns proved the nanocomposites formed exfoliated or intercalated structures. The rheological properties of PET/PTT/MMT were studied by RH2000 capillary rheometer. The results show that PET/PTT and PET/PTT/MMT melts are all pseudo-plastic fluids, and the addition of one to five part MMT can obviously improve the flow property of PET/PTT melt. The apparent viscosity (ηa) of the nanocomposite melts is lower than that of PET/PTT melt, and their flow behavior is better than that of PET/PTT melt, so the nanocomposites can be processed at lower temperature. The viscous flow activation energy(ΔEη) of the nanocomposite melts is higher than that of PET/PTT melt, and it is more proper for the nanocomposite melts to improve their flow properties by increasing temperature.
B4C/5083 Al Composite Prepared by Cryomilling
Authors: Hao Bin , Zhang Ji Shan , Liu Da Cheng
Published: May 2011

In the present investigation, the composite powder with 20wt.% particulate B4C and 80wt.% nanocrystalline 5083 Al was fabricated using mechanically milling at cryogenic temperature (cryomilling). After this, the cryomilled composite powder was homogeneously blended with an equal amount of unmilled coarse-grained 5083 Al. The blended powder was consolidated with hot-pressing at 500°C, followed by hot extrusion at 410°C. The consolidated composite consists of 10wt.% B4C, 50wt.% coarse grain 5083 Al and the balance nanocrystalline 5083 Al. The microstructure evolution of the composite during cryomilling and consolidation was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the particle size of the cryomilled composite powder became smaller and then bigger with milling time longer. This demonstrates the course rely mainly on broken first, and then rely mainly on cold welding with milling time longer. B4C particles can be distributed in 5083 Al matrix uniformly. In addition, the presence of oxygen and nitrogen in cryomilled powders has been demonstrated in this paper.
Preparation and Study of PMMA/TiO2 Nanocomposites
Authors: Chen Yong , Xu Hui , Sun Tao
Published: May 2011

The PMMA/TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization，the dissolution, thermal stability and the mechanical property of the nanocomposites were studied. The results indicated that nano-TiO2 may be crosslinking points in the matrix and the thermal stability of the nanocomposites became higher. As the content of nano-TiO2 increased, the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites had great changes.
Foreign Low Carbon Community Planning Comparative Analysis
Authors: Jiang Xiu Juan , Guo Zhan Jun
Published: May 2011

Recently, "Low carbon" is attracting more attention all over the world. Based on the foreign two typical low carbon community British Bed ZED, Germany Vauban community, using research, systematic analysis and other methods, from the success of the two communities in low carbon planning , the paper summarized: the public participation; Urban lands applications; The full utilization of energy; Land reasonable layout; Road traffic arrangement and so on. This article can be a very good reference for our low carbon community planning.
Study on Treatment of Acid Scarlet GR Wastewater by Coupling System of K2FeO4 –PAFC
Authors: Li Ya Feng , Li Miao , Xu Yue
Published: May 2011

Using Ferrate (K2FeO4) and polymer flocculant PAFC (PAFC) Collaborative approach, deal with the Acid Scarlet GR Wastewater. Study the effect of Ferrate dosage, PAFC dosage, Ferrate dosing time, Wastewater initial pH Value. Results show that Ferrate pre-oxidation can significantly improve the Coagulation for the removal of Acid Scarlet GR. when the initial concentration of Acid Scarlet GR is 25mg/L, Ferrate dosage is 90mg,PAFC dosage is 13mL,the removal of Acid Scarlet GR is 95.67%.pH on Ferrate removal of Acid Scarlet GR wastewater has little effect. When pH value is 4-8, the removal rate can reach more than 92%.When pH value is 5.6,the removal rate is the highest.
Effect of Gas Injection with Multi-hole Orifices on Bubble Behavior during Metal Refining
Authors: Jiang Fang , Cheng Guo Guang , Yang Hai Kuo
Published: May 2011

Cold model experiments have been conducted to make clear the effect of orifices on bubble behavior based on the comparison of 1-hole and 4-hole configurations. It is found that this effect is closely related to the gas flow rate and the orifice configuration. For 1-hole orifices, bubble behavior is influenced by the hole diameter at low gas flow rate. Nevertheless, in the region of high gas flow rate, this effect becomes less obvious. However, bubble behavior is strongly affected even at high gas flow rate when 4-hole orifices are used. It is also shown there exists an optimal distance between holes for 4-hole orifices. Below this value, the hole distance is too small to adequately avoid bubble coalescence in the radial direction. Above this value, little further contribution to avoidance of bubble coalescence can be made, but weight and cost of the orifices will increase.
Preparation and Characterization of CdTe/SiO2 Composite
Authors: Wang Mei Ping , Lin Jin Hui , Hao Xiao Li
Published: May 2011

TGA- stabilized CdTe nanocrystals (NCs) were prepared using sodium tellurite as tellurium source, which avoids the cumbersome processes associated with H2Te or NaHTe sources. Fluorescent CdTe/SiO2composites were prepared by a sol–gel method without the exchange of surface ligands. The composites were characterized with TEM and fluorescence spectrophotometer and investigated their stability in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer. CdTe NCs were loaded into the core of silica spheres during the formation of composite spheres. In contrast to CdTe NCs in aqueous solutions, CdTe NCs in the composite revealed better stability and the luminescence peak show red-shift.
Investigation on the Rheological Behavior of Polyamide6/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites by Reactive Extrusion
Authors: Zhao Ming , Lu Xiao Zhong , Gu Kai , Sun Xiao Min , Ji Chang Qing
Published: May 2011

The rheological behavior of PA6/montmorillonite(MMT) by reactive extrusion was investigated using cone-and-plate rheometer. The experimental results indicated that PA6/MMT exhibited shear-thinning behavior. The shear stress of both neat PA6 and PA6/MMT increased with the increase in the shear rate. The reduction of the viscous activation energy with the increase of shear stress reflected PA6/MMT can be processed over a wider temperature.
Study on Properties of Polyacrylamide Emulsion and Pilot Test of its Crosslinking System Used for EOR
Authors: Ren Min Yan , Liu Cheng Jie , Wang Tao
Published: May 2011

As for the difficulties in the water injection profile controlling in the offshore oilfields, a kind of polyacrylamide emulsion and its relative profile controlling system were developed in this study. Laboratory experiments have shown that the dissolution time of the emulsion polymer into the sea water is less than 15 minutes, and the viscosity of the polymer solution is larger than 15 mPa·s when the polymer concentration is 2000 mg/L under the temperature of 70°C. The viscosity of the polymer crosslinking system is larger than 150 mPa·s, and the modulus elasticity of the crosslinking system is larger than 500 mPa. A pilot test on two wells from the Shengli Chengao Oilfield was conducted to verify the practical application performance of the emulsion polymer. The pilot test shows that after 2 months emulsion polymer injection, the bottomhole pressure of the production wells has increased by 1.48-1.79 MPa, the oil production from one correspondent well has increased from 28.67 t/d to 35.8 t/d, and the water content in the production flow has decreased from 52.3% to 41.7%. It is believed that the developed emulsion polymer and its crosslinking system have a wide application to the development of Shengli offshore fields.
A Rapid and Efficient Synthesis of Azo Aromatic Diacyl Chlorides from Nitro Aromatic Acids
Authors: Qiu Ming Yan , Niu Yong Sheng , Wei Ai Min , Liu Ai Qin
Published: May 2011

A rapid and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of azo aromatic diacyl chlorides from nitro aromatic acids by using dimethyl benzene as solvent. The products are obtained in good yields with high purity.
Application of Shotcrete Linings under Sulfate Attack Environments
Authors: Ma Jian Qin
Published: May 2011

Shotcrete lining has been increasingly used in tunnel and underground structure since 1960. Cement in shotcrete is the most vulnerable to aggressive sulphate ions from the environment in the presence of moisture. Sulfate attack can change the chemical composition of the cement matrix.The sulfate attack can be caused by alkali sulfates or due to thaumasite form of sulfate attack (TSA). Based on the mechanism of sulfate attack in conrete, the features of the interaction of the sulfate bearing ground water with shotcrete linings are presented in this paper. Under sulfate attack environment, shotcrete durability and the specification of materials should be highlighted in design. The basic requirements to the shotcrete are high strength, low permeability and good homogeneity, which can be produced by well controlled wet process.
Dynamic Mechanical and Thermal Behavior of UV-Curable Coating of Glycidyl Methacrylate /Polyurethane-Acrylate Modified with MAP-POSS
Authors: Gao Jun Gang , Ma Ying Ying , Lin Hao Jie , Huo Li
Published: May 2011

UV-curable bi-component coating of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)/polyurethane –acrylate (PUA) modified with the methylacryloylpropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (MAP-POSS) were prepared. The dynamic mechanical properties and thermal behavior of nano-hybrid coating (GMA/PUA/MAP-POSS) were characterized with dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The results indicate the three components have very good compatibility and can co-cure in UV-radialization by a free radical polymerization. The addition of MAP-POSS enhanced the thermal properties, the mechanical loss peak temperature Tp is 85.5°C when the amount of MAP-POSS is 10wt%, which is increased by 12.6 °C than the pure system. When the content of MAP-POSS is 20wt%, thermal decomposition temperature in the initial stages was increased by 7 °C than that of the pure GMA/ PUA.
Synthesis of Monodisersed PSt-g-PNIPAAm Nanospheres by UV Initiated Dispersion Polymerization
Authors: Xiong Wan Bin , Chen Ming Qing , Liu Yan , Shi Dong Jian
Published: May 2011

Ultraviolet(UV) irradiated polymerization is a new way to synthesis of the polymeric nanoparticles due to its security, environmental protection, and low investment, as compared to the thermal-initiated polymerization. In this paper, polystyrene-g- poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P(St-g-NIPAAM)) nanospheres were prepared by photo-initiated dispersion copolymerization of St and macromonomers, PNIPAAM with a vinyl end group, in a mixture of ethanol and water using 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (BDK) as the photo-initiator. The obtained nanospheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser light scattering (LLS). The results showed that the P(St-g-NIPAAM) particles were highly spherical and monodisperse. The size of the nanospheres could be controlled by changing the concentration of the macromonomers, polymerization temperature, and irradiation time and energy.
Study on the Energy Band Structure of La Doped ZnO
Authors: Liu Xiao Qing , Zhang Rui Fang , Su Yi Guo , Wang Xiao Jing
Published: May 2011

The energy bands of La -doped ZnO were studied systematically by the density functional theory (DFT). Based on the data of the band structure, DOS (Density of State) and PDOS( Partial Density of States), atomic populations and net charge, the influence on the energy band structure of the macrostructure of ZnO and La-doped ZnO was investigated. The results showed that the free electrons were produced by the doping of La on (or in) ZnO crystal. The Fermi energy was shifted up to the conduction band, making the ZnO particles having the characters of degenerated semiconductor. The excitation from impurity states to the conduction band may account for the blue shift of the absorption edge in the model of La-doped ZnO. Comparison with the different models of the La doped/loaded on the ZnO surface, La atoms loaded on the surface of ZnO and La atoms replaced of Zn atoms on the ZnO surface, the shift to the lower energy location were found after La doping/loading. The more shift and the large band gap was found for the model of La doped on the Zn position in the ZnO crystal.
Mesoporous Silica Materials Templated with an Anionic Surfactant/Natural Polymer System for Enzyme Immobilization
Authors: Wang Xi Liang , Xu Yun Qiang , Zhou Guo Wei , Li Tian Duo , Du Shi Xin , Wang Chun Feng
Published: May 2011

Mesoporous silica (MPS) has been synthesized by using biodegradable gelatin and anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) as a dual-template. The mesostructures of MPS were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The MPS was chosen as support for immobilization of porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) by physical adsorption. The immobilizedPPL possessed good thermal stability and excellent reusability solution in hydrolysis reactions of triacetin in phosphate buffer. The results also indicated that the immobilized PPL maintained about 40% of its initial activity even after being reused six times.
Study on the Adsorption Behavior of Ca2+ Ions on Comb-Like Polycarboxylate Polymers in the CaCl2 Solution
Authors: Duan Guo Rong , Wang Xin , Huang Guo Hong , Gong Ying
Published: May 2011

Using esterification-polymerization two-steps synthesis method, two kinds of comb-like polycarboxylate agents of BT and JS were synthesized by controlling acid-ester ratio. The adsorption characteristics of Ca2+ions on comb-like polycarboxylate polymers in the CaCl2solution were studied. The results indicated that the adsorption behavior was closely related to the structure of polymers, the adsorption power of JS with water-reducing structure was strong, while weak with slump loss resisting polymers BT. The adsorption behavior was also in connection with the acid-ester ratio of polymer structure, the higher the acid-ester ratio is, the greater the absorption power; On the contrary, it will be smaller.
Synthesis and Application of New Benzotriazole Derivatives as UV Absorbers for Polyester Fabrics
Authors: Yang Yan Yan , Li Hong Qi , He Xue Dan , Mu Bing Nan , Chen Yi Jun , Nan Ying , Zou Yue
Published: May 2011

2-(2′-Hydroxyphenyl)-5-amino-2H-benzotriazole was synthesized and subjected to acylamidation to yield three new ultraviolet (UV) absorbers. The largest absorption wavelength and the relationship between the concentration and the maximum absorbance of the UV absorbers were measured in dimethylsulfoxide. Then the four benzotriazole type UV absorbers were dispersed and applied onto polyester fabrics with the high temperature and pressure dyeing method. The stabilizing effect against UV light of the finished fabrics was studied by ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) and UV transmittance measurement.
Effect of Erbium on Precipitation of Aged Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Li Alloy
Authors: Zhao Zhong Kui , Zhou Tie Tao , Liu Pei Ying , Chen Chang Qi
Published: May 2011

0.3%Er is added to Al-5.6Zn-1.9Mg-1.6Cu-1.0Li alloy (in wt.%) to investigate the effect of erbium on microstructure of the alloy. Most of erbium exists in the primary Al3Er phases which are incoherent with the alloy matrix unevenly. A few of fine Al3Er phases, precipitated from supersaturated solid solution, are coherent with the matrix. η′-MgZn2precipitates in the single-aged alloy are sparser than that in the double-aged alloy. A few of fine Al3Er phases act as the heterogeneous sites of η phases. There exist some precipitation free zones in the matrix around fine Al3Er precipitates. Erbium is segregated to grain boundary seriously. A few of Al3Er phases are present in grain boundary. The grain boundary precipitates are not continuous about the Al3Er phases.
Production of Ursolic Acid Nanoparticles by Supercritical Antisolvent Precipitation
Authors: Sun Zhen , Ma Chun Hui , Yang Lei , Zu Yuan Gang , Zhang Rong Rui
Published: May 2011

The aim of this study was to obtain nanoparticles and improve solubility of ursolic acid (UA), using supercritical antisolvent process (SAS). The four effects of process variables on drug particle formation during SAS process were investigated. Particles with mean particle size ranging from 139.4 ± 19.4 to 1039.8 ± 65.2 nm were obtained. The UA was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, specific surface area and dissolution test. The XRD analyses showed that the processed UA was amorphous. The processed UA had solubility 4.4 times higher than the unprocessed UA.
Preparation of Polystyrene Microspheres by Suspension Polymerization
Authors: Ma Jin Ling , Zhang Xing Hua
Published: May 2011

Polystyrene (PS) microspheres with different sizes were prepared by suspension polymerization. The effect of initiator concentration on the average sizes and size distribution was evaluated. The results showed that the average size of PS microspheres increases with increasing initiator content, the optimal uniformity of PS microspheres was attained when the mass ratio of BPO to styrene was 1.5:100. The effect of stirring speed on the particle size was also investigated. The average size of PS microspheres reduced with the increase of the stirring speed.
Sonochemical Preparation of Ternary Europium Complexes Eu(DBM)3•phen
Authors: Yu Hong Quan , Li Tao , Wang Hong Dan , Chen Bao Jiu
Published: May 2011

Eu(DBM)3•phen complexes have been Successfully synthesized by the sonication of an Ethanol solution of europium chloride and dibenzoylmethanide (DBM) in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline(phen). The properties of the Eu(DBM)3•phen complexes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and fluorescence spectrometry (FS). Reaction conditions, such as ultrasonic power and the concentration of complexing reagent, were found to have close relation with the morphologies of final products. The formation mechanism of Eu(DBM)3•phen complexes with ultrasonic irradiation is discussed in the context.
Mechanical Properties and Oxidation Resistance of Hot Pressed B4C Ceramics Material
Authors: Yue Xin Yan , Chen Bi Shuang , Zhao Jing , Ru Hong Qiang , Wang Wei
Published: May 2011

B4C ceramics were obtained using hot-pressing method. The effect of different sintering temperatures on the microstructures and mechanical properties of B4C ceramics were investigated. Oxidation resistances were studied over the range 600-850°C. The experimental results showed that the relative density, bending strength and fracture toughness all increased first and then decreased with increasing the sintering temperature. The Vickers-hardness increased as the sintering temperature increasing. When the sintering temperature was 1950°C, the B4C ceramics showed the optimized properties. The values of its relative density, Vickers-hardness, bending strength and fracture toughness were 99.1%, 34.0 GPa, 524.6 MPa and 6.56 MPa·m1/2, respectively.
Solvothermal Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Hairball-Like Bismuth Trisulphide Microcrystallines
Authors: Li Pin Jiang , Fa Wen Jun , Zhang Yan Ge , Huang Bao Jun , Zhang Yi Dong
Published: May 2011

Hairball-like bismuth trisulphide microcrystallines has been successfully prepared via one step solvothermal process and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques. The morphologies of the Bi2S3microcrystallines were influenced by reaction time, temperature, the mole ratio of the reactants and concentration of starting materials, and the growth process has been proposed. The electrochemical behavior of Bi2S3was investigated using the cyclic voltammetry.
Effects of Carbon Nanotube Functionalization on the Mechanical Properties of Vinyl Ester Composites
Authors: Chen Hong Yan , Huang Hua Bo , Wang Ji Hui
Published: May 2011

Chemically functionalized muliti-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/vinyl ester resin (VE) nanocomposites were prepared. MWCNTs were first treated by H2SO4/HNO3 acid mixture, and then carboxylated MWCNTs were grafted of methacrylic acid glycidyl ester (GMA). Raman microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses proved the effectivenss of acid-treatment and chemical functionalization. Furthermore, chemical functionalization did not greatly disrupt carbon nanotubes structure and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that there was a GMA thin layer on the MWCNTs surface, which contributes to the homogenous dispersion of MWCNTs in vinyl ester resin matrix and the CNTs-VE interfacial interaction. Thus the nanocomposites containing MWCNT-GMA possess larger storage modulus values as well as higher glass transition temperatures (Tg).
The Preparation of Microcapsules Used for Self-Healing Composites
Authors: Tian Ru , Zheng Yu Dong , Liang Xin , Zhou Zhang Ming , Fu Xiao Li , Lv Wen Ting
Published: May 2011

Microcapsules were prepared by in situ polymerization of melamine-formaldehyde resin to form shell over oxygen resin droplets. Stirring rate, temperature, pH value as well as mass ratio of shell and core are the main parameters affecting the stability of microcapsules. High stirring rate leads to small size of microcapsules. The temperature influences the speed of the reaction and the morphology. The pH value decides whether the condensation reaction can take place. The size of microcapsules is about 15-61um.
Research on Desulphurization and Skimming Slag Tailing Used as Building Materials
Authors: Li Li Xia , Liu Xiao , Han Yue Xin , Yuan Qi Dong , Song Ning Bo
Published: May 2011

With the purpose that the desulphurization and skimming slag tailings from Ansteel can be used as building materials, the slag tailings were ground to powders with specific surface area 560m2/kg , and then was blended in cement. Strength of slag tailings-blended cement, Physical-mechanical characteristic, frost-resistance and resistance to carbonizing of slag tailings-blended concrete were studied. The experiment results demonstrated that as the amount of tailings increasing, both of the compressive strength and the rupture strength of cement mortar with 3 and 28 curing age decrease gradually, also did the compressive strength of the concrete modules with 28 curing age. The reason why these strengths decreased was also given. The study showed that the optimum amount of slag tailings to be blended was between 10 wt.% to 20wt.%.
Synthesis of Al-Containing Mesoporous Molecular Sieves and their Catalytic Performance to Isomerization Reaction of Endo-Tetrahydrodicyclo-Pentadiene
Authors: Liu Sa , Guo Jian Wei , Yang Chu Fen , Li Long Huan , Cui Yi Hua
Published: May 2011

Al-containing mesoporous molecular sieves(Al-MCM-41) were synthesized at ambient temperature. The structures of samples were characterized by XRD, N2-adsorption/desorption isotherms and FT-IR, etc. The evaluation results showed that Al-MCM-41 had higher catalytic activity for isomerization conversion of endo-tetrahydrodicyclo-pentadiene (endo-TCD) into exo-tetrahydrodicyclo-pentadiene (exo-TCD) and adamantane (AdH). Loading inorganic acid on the surface of Al-MCM-41 led increase of its catalytic activity and the yield of adamantane.
A Calculation Model of Gear Steel Hardenability Modeling of Nonlinear Equation
Authors: Gong Wei , Jiang Zhou Hua , Zhan Dong Ping
Published: May 2011

In the paper, the superiority-inferiority in various calculations of hardenability has been compared, and the method of nonlinear regression equation was chosen to establish a mathematical model. The model was modified through the actual production of the gear steel hardenability data. Based on the model, a prediction platform was developed with computer tools to calculate the hardenability of gear steel. The hardenability prediction software can calculate random Jominy distance hardness according to chemical composition and grain size. The forecast accuracy is better than that of unmodified nonlinear regression equation and multiple linear regression equation, but equal to that of artificial neural network.
Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Nanotube Bundles
Authors: Zhang Hai Dong , Shen Yu , Zheng Xu Xu
Published: May 2011

Mesoporous silica nanotube bundles with short channels were synthesized through a surfactant-templated process with the addition of dodecane. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high resolution scanning electron microscope (HRSEM) studies show that the channels of the silica nanotubes are parallel gathered in nano-size bundles. Each particle of these nano-size bundles contains less than 10 silica nanotubes. The length of the silica nanotube channel is about 200 nm while the pore size of the channels is about 11 nm. Dodecane solubilized in the hydrophobic cores of P123 micelles leads to large pore size and the unique bundle structure of the silica nanotubes.
Experimental Analysis on the Lubrication Performance of ZDDP
Authors: Wang Hai Lin , He Xiao Ping
Published: May 2011

In this paper, the antiwear properties of Zinc dithiodialkylphosphate and its synergistic effect with Benzotriazole have been studied by test. The results show that small amount of Benzotriazole can greatly improve the antiwear properties of ZDDP . The compound additive have been used in the research of engine oil formulation, we gained good effect.
A Study on the Process of ZnO Thin Films Prepared by Ion Beam Sputtering
Authors: Wu Shen Jiang , Shi Wei , Su Jun Hong , Wang Wen Qi
Published: May 2011

Based on the ion beam sputtering deposition technology, we adopted the reactive sputtering deposition method to accomplish the coating on the glass substrata with ZnO thin films. We used the four-factor and three-level L9(34) orthogonal experiment to obtain the best technological parameters of deposited ZnO thin films: discharge voltage 3.5KV, oxygen current capacity 8SCCM, the coil current 8A, the distance between target and substrata 140mm. The purity of the deposited ZnO thin film is 85.77%, and it has the good crystallization in orientation. The experimental results show that research and development of the ion beam sputtering source is advanced and has a good application value, and the ion beam sputtering deposition technology can be used to deposit the preferred orientation thin films with good performance. The findings have provided the experimental result and the beneficial reference for the ion beam sputtering deposition research.
Synthesis of Calcium Oxide Stabilized Cubic Zirconia Powders by Electrochemical Method
Authors: Lin Cui Hua , Zhang Xiong Fei , Hou Yang , Wang Ya Li , Wang Gui
Published: May 2011

Calcium oxide stabilized cubic zirconia powders were synthesized with electrochemical method using analytical reagent zirconium oxychloride and calcium oxide as the raw materials. From XRD analysis, zirconia powders doped calcium oxide are mainly being as cubic phase under the temperature lower than 1100°C. While the zirconia powders which did not doped calcium oxide were transformed from cubic phase to monoclinic phase when the powders were sintered at 750°C. The calcium oxide used as dopant in zirconia has two advantages, the first is that it can stabilize the cubic zircnnia, the second is that it can restrain the zirconia powders’ growing up.
Preparation and Properties of Alkali Stimulated Geopolymer and its Application in Thermal Insulation Coating
Authors: Chen Liang , Han Wei , Li Zhen , Wei Tao , Xiao Cheng Jing
Published: May 2011

Geopolymer was prepared by Metakaolin (MK) stimulated by sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize micro-structure of geopolymer and geopolymer based coating. A serial of reagents were added to modify the coating and a thermal insulation material was produced. It was revealed that MK has quasi-crystal structure and the produced geopolymers had amorphous structure. The surface of geopolymer based coating, as well as the compressive strength, adhesive strength with concrete, could be modified by adding a certain amount of silane coupling agent, mica powders and wollastonite. By mixing the asprepared geopolymer and hollow glass beads with a volume ratio of 4:1, a thermal inslation coating was produced, which had a promising application in the surface protection of hydropower dam.
Synthesis of UV Curable Polymethylsilane by a one-Step Wurtz Route
Authors: Li Yi He , Fang Qing Ling , Wang Chun Yu , Chang Wen Sen , Li Xiao Dong
Published: May 2011

UV curable vinylic polymethylsilane (v-PMS) was synthesized by a facile one-step Wurtz route, the products’ molecular structures were characterized by FT-IR and the mechanism of the chemical reactions was discussed in detail. The as-synthesized product was a promising candidate for the fabrication of micro ceramic structures for microfluidics by softlithography techniques.
The Ferroeletricity of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Films Grown on Compressive Substrates
Authors: Su Li Qiu , Li Li Ben
Published: May 2011

The modified Landau-Devonshire thermodynamic theory has been used to investigate the ferroelectricity of Pb(Zr0.7, Ti0.3)O3film grown on MgO substrate. A set of gradient thermal stresses is imposed on the films. The stress-temperature diagram, the spontaneous polarization and the dielectric susceptibility at 25°C on the stress were computed. Structure transitions of first order can be driven by the stress. The mean of out-plane spontaneous polarization and dielectric susceptibility on the temperature were also predicted.
On the Mechanism and the Rate of Sub-Ground Erosion in the Loess Material
Authors: Li Xi An , Xu Qiang , Lin Hong Zhou , Ye Wan Jun
Published: May 2011

Sub-ground erosion often resulted in severe problems in various engineering constructions, most of which is due to the sub-erosion in loess. In this paper, the critical condition of “soil bursting” was analyzed and the formula describing the critical condition of soil bursting was derivated by the analytical method. Furthermore, the velocity of tunnel-erosion in loess and its influential factors were studied. A set of tests are designed to study the relationship between the tunnel-erosion velocity and the key influential factors. The key factors considered in the test include soil density as well as the initial water content. The other purpose is to reveal the characteristics of the tunnel-erosion process. Phenomena observed during the tests together with the data from field survey revealed the mechanism of tunneling in loess very well, and the work in this paper formed a theoretical basis for further study about sub-ground erosion in loess.
Research on Cr2O3-Reinforcement High Quality Magnesia-Chrome Brick
Authors: Li Yang , Li Yong , Li Rui , Wang Dong
Published: May 2011

The raw material is the fused grain magnesia-chrome and Indian concentrated chrome ore . The grain size proportion which is used in the preparation as follows: 4­-1mm 50%，≤1mm 17%,≤0.088mm 33% ,the 5 group samples are prepared by respectively adding extra 2%、4%、6%、8% fine power Cr2O3 to basic formula .Mixing and pressed under 200Mp and sintered at 1750,holding 8 hours ,the process of preparation of samples is finished .The dimension of samples is 230mm×114mm×65mm .Conclusion: the addition of fine power Cr2O3 can change the base material composition of magnesia-chrome ,form more secondry spinel and intergranular spinel ,promote direct bond between periclase and spinel .Adding quantitative fine power Cr2O3 can enhance the room properties and high temperature properties ,but as the increase of fine power Cr2O3 ,the sintering property is decreased ,the results are shown that the best content of fine power Cr2O3 should remain at about 4% .
Colorant Selection for High-Fidelity Color Reproduction
Authors: Li Jin Cheng , Liu Zhen
Published: May 2011

Recently, with the advent of printers with more than four colorants, the development of selection and optimization for colorant has been an important area of research in color printing. In former studies , gamut volume are the main criterions for colorant selection, and they mainly select colorant from ink sets , which have the biggest gamut volumes. In this paper we proposed other important criterions for selection , such as hue angle, chroma of colorant and then applied these criterions for practical colorant selection.
Study on Formula for Glass Fiber/Microcellular Unsaturated Polyester Composites Preparation
Authors: Zhao Xue Ni , Zhou Bin , Wan Wu Yong , Zeng Shan Qi , Ren Wei
Published: May 2011

Formula for glass fiber/microcellular unsaturated polyester composites (GF/MCUP) using supersaturated gas technology was studied by the way of orthogonal experiment. The results showed that these factors affecting average cell size from strongly to weakly were styrene content, accelerant content, glass fiber length, curing agent and glass fiber content, respectively. The factors affecting average cell density from strongly to weakly were accelerant content, styrene content, glass fiber content, curing agent content and glass fiber length, respectively. Curing agent content was the major factor affecting impact strength of GF/MCUP. The factors revealed no obvious difference in affecting tensile strength. Under the optimizing processing condition, the average cell size of GF/MCUP was about 8 μm and the cell density was 1.19×109 cells/cm3. The 153.70 and 255.84 % increase in impact strength were gained over that of GF/UP and UP, respectively. The corresponding 20.24 and 82.51% increase in tensile strength-to-weight ratio were gained over that of GF/UP and UP, respectively.
A Simple and Convenient Method for Simultaneous Determination of Oleic and Linoleic Acid in Coix Seed Oil
Authors: Xiao Xiao Nian , Yi Hai Bin , Yi Xing , Xiong Hua
Published: May 2011

A simple and convenient method for simultaneous determination of two major effective components (oleic acid and linoleic acid) in Coix seed oil has been developed. The sample was analyzed in a RP-C18 column with acetonitrile: tetrahydrofuran: water (containing 0.4% HAC) (77:3:20, v/v/v) as a mobile phase, and the differential refractive index detector was used in HPLC. The column temperature was fixed at 30°C and the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. The average recovery rate of oleic acid and linoleic acid are 102.83% and 99.33%, the RSD (n=6) are 1.24% and 2.27%, respectively. The standard curves of oleic acid and linoleic acid presented the favorable linear correlation over the range of 0.098-10.05 mg/ml and 0.101-10.38 mg/ml(R2 >0.999). The method reported in this paper is reliable and relatively simple with a good reproducibility for the determination of oleic acid and linoleic acid in Coix seed oil comparing with the existing methods.
Corrosion Behavior of 10CrNiCu Steel Influenced by Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans
Authors: Soe Kyaw , Li Song Mei , Liu Jian Hua , Yu Mei
Published: May 2011

The microbial corrosion behaviors of 10CrNiCu steel influenced by Thiobcillus ferrooxidans (T.f) were studied by microbiological, electrochemical and surface analysis method. The open circuit potential (Eocp) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of the 10CrNiCu electrodes were measured in immersion electrode way with and without T.f solution at the time of the 0, 2nd, 7th, 14thand 21stdays, respectively. Eocpof the electrode immersed in sterile medium shifted to negative potential with the immersion time while that for immersion in T.f solutions shifted negatively, then positively and finally negatively. EIS results were interpreted with different equivalent circuits of the electrode/biofilm/solution interface. The result of SEM indicated that, after 21 immersion days, there were different sizes of pits on the 10CrNiCu surface occurred in T.f solution while no evidence of the pitting corrosion was observed on the steel surface immersed in the sterile medium.
Synthesis and Character of 2-Carboxylbenzaldehyde-2-Pyrroleformylhydrazone
Authors: Wang Li Na , Liu Xiang Rong , Yang Chun , Huang Jie , Cai Hui Wu
Published: May 2011

A new compound, 2-carboxylbenzaldehyde-2-pyrroleformylhydrazone (C13H11N3O3), was synthesized by condensation of 2-carboxylbenzaldehyde (C8H6O3) with 2-pyrroleformylhydrazine (C5H7N3O). Its structure has been determined on the basis of elemental analysis, FTIR spectrum, UV-vis spectrum,1HNMR,13CNMR, MS and X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis.
Needle-Like Mullite Ceramic Prepared by Sol-Gel Process
Authors: Song Fu Sheng
Published: May 2011

Using tetraethoxysilane, aluminum nitrate and aluminum fluoride as raw materials, the precursor of mullite was prepared by sol-gel process. When the precursor sintered at 1200°C, mullite ceramic was obtained. Differential thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscope were used to characterize the dried mullite gel and ceramic blocks. The results suggest mullite is synthesized by solid-phase reaction mechanism. X-ray powder diffraction indicates mullite is the main crystals phase in the ceramic specimen. SEM micrograph shows the mullite grains in the shape of short rod with length of 20 um when sintered at 1200 °C for 2 h and the grains grown up to acicular with length of more than 50 um when the treating time under 1200 °C achieved to 4 h.
Study on Reaction Kinetics of Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Vanillyl Nonanoate in Acetone Media
Authors: Liu Hui Lin , Liu Shao , Dong Xin Rong , Xie Da Ping
Published: May 2011

The reaction kinetics for synthesis of vanillyl nonanoate (VN) by lipase-catalyzed transesterification of vanillyl alcohol and methyl nonanoate in acetone was investigated in this study. The reaction catalyzed by lipase was carried out as follows: A reaction mixture containing given concentration of substrates (1ml) and lipase Novozyme 435 (20mg) in acetone (1ml) was shaken at 30°C for 10min. The initial velocity of the reaction was calculated according to the concentration of VN detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the kinetic equation was obtained by analysis of the double reciprocal plot of initial velocity versus substrate concentration. The data calculated by the kinetic equation were basically in agreement with the experimental data with a correlation coefficient at 0.997. The inhibitory action of methanol (by-product) in the reaction was also investigated and the results indicated that the concentration of methanol influences both slope and intercept of y-axis of the double reciprocal curve, and the lines intersect on the X-axis. These results revealed that this transesterification follows the Ping-Pong reaction mechanism.
An Infrared Absorption Gas Detection System Applying Plane Blazed Grating
Authors: Wang Hai Rong , Cen Di , Men Guang Fei , Wang Jian Yun
Published: May 2011

Quick, accurate and reliable detection of mash gas plays an important role in the coal industry. This paper presents a novel method to get the infrared absorption peak wavelength by light splitting using plane blazed grating, instead of using filter conventionally. The principle and setup of producing 3.433μm and 4.65μm wavelength lights for detecting CH4 and CO concentration are described in details. The work provides a simple, but efficient option to the infrared absorption gas detection technology.
Ferrous Ion Oxidation Behavior on a Bacteria Attached Power Micro Electrode
Authors: Li Hong Xu , Jin Bei , Jiao Chuan Qi , Liu Bin Bin
Published: May 2011

In this paper a special At.f (Acidthiobacillus ferrooxidans) modified carbon powder microelectrode was prepared, and a series of electrochemical measurements were conducted to study ferrous ion Fe2 + oxidation mechanism on the electrode. CV (cyclic voltammetry) studies show that this oxidation reaction is reversible when c (Fe2 +) is lower than 0.16mol/L. At higher speed scanning, the currents through the electrode include two parts of the micro disc current and the thin layer current, while at lower speed scanning of steady state process the current provided by thin layer could be ignored, the whole oxidation reaction was controlled by diffusion process, and the calculated diffusion coefficient D0 is about 6. 25 ×10 - 6cm2.s – 1. The transient potential stair step studies also have been conducted. The results are consistence with steady state ones although thin layer currents should be taken in to account.