bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Funcionalidade e Componente Psicológica após Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior em Atletas
Authors:   Medicina Física e de Reabilitação - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Cordeiro Amílcar , Araújo António , Simões Vítor , Pereira Pedro , Páscoa-Pinheiro João ,   Medicina Física e de Reabilitação - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra
Published: May 2021

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an essential element in the dynamic stability of the knee and in the structural protection of the joint. Thirty patients were included who underwent ACL ligamentoplasty and a functional rehabilitation program. There was a significant reduction in the competitive level (p <0.001) and a correlation was identified between the levels of functionality after return to sport with the athletes’ confidence levels (p <0.01). It is concluded that the ACL injury caused a loss of competitive level and that the management of the psychological condition may be an important tool in the rehabilitation program and return to sport of athletes submitted to ACL ligament reconstruction.
O Diagnóstico da Raquialgia no Atleta Jovem – uma Revisão Bibliográfica
Authors:   Medicina Física e Reabilitação - Hospital de Faro, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve, Lopes Martins Cristiana , Sabugueiro Ana ,   USF Âncora, ACES Central, ARS Algarve, Capela Joana ,   Medicina Física e Reabilitação - Hospital de Faro, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve
Published: May 2021

Back pain in the young athlete is as frequent as its diagnosis is challenging due to the multiplicity of diagnostic hypotheses. Although most cases are based on poor mechanics and muscle strains, not all are innocent or self-limited. The physician must know the anatomical and physiological characteristics of immature spine, as well as the sport-specific injuries. It is imperative to obtain a complete clinical history and a complete physical exam, including neurological examination and specific provocative tests. After finding the pathology, proper treatment can help the patient returning safely to sports activity.
A Radiação Ultravioleta e o Desporto
Authors:   Revista de Medicina Desportiva Informa, Ribeiro Basil , Correia Osvaldo ,   Dermatologia. Centro de Dermatologia Epidermis, Instituto CUF, Porto
Published: May 2021

Sun exposure can be a cause of skin aggression, causing burns and skin cancer. The desired ultraviolet radiation for tanning and synthesis of vitamin D is responsible for the aggression and it can be monitored through the ultraviolet index. The literature review reveals that athletes place little value on individual protection against this radiation, with many reports of skin burns in outdoor sports practitioners. In addition to insisting on preventive measures, athletes need significantly more awareness strategies for their adoption.
Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging findings in relation to body weight in dogs with thoracolumbar disease
Authors: Spence Stephen P. , Israel Sarah K.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

To compare the incidence of MRI lesions between dogs weighing < 15 kg (33 lb) and dogs weighing ≥ 15 kg.

ANIMALS

494 dogs with clinical signs of thoracolumbar disease.

PROCEDURES

Electronic medical records of affected dogs that underwent MRI of the thoracolumbar vertebral column between January 2016 and July 2018 were reviewed. Data extracted included age, body weight, breed, sex, MRI findings, and lesion location. Data were compared between dogs weighing < 15 kg and dogs weighing ≥ 15 kg.

RESULTS

Of dogs weighing < 15 kg, 94.4% (371/393) were chondrodystrophic breeds. Only 24.8% (25/101) of dogs weighing ≥ 15 kg were chondrodystrophic breeds. Lesions consistent with intervertebral disk disease (IVDD) had an overall incidence of 87.2% (431/494). In dogs weighing < 15 kg, the incidence of IVDD was 94.7% (372/393), compared with 58.4% (59/101) in dogs weighing ≥ 15 kg. Dogs weighing < 15 kg had a significantly higher incidence of IVDD lesions in the T12-13 segment, compared with dogs weighing ≥ 15 kg. Dogs weighing ≥ 15 kg were 11.9 times (95% CI, 5.1 to 27.9) and 7.4 times (95% CI, 2.3 to 23) as likely to have a neoplastic lesion and fibrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy, respectively, compared with dogs weighing < 15 kg.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

IVDD was the most common MRI finding in the study population. Dogs weighing ≥ 15 kg had a higher incidence of nonintervertebral disk lesions, compared with dogs weighing < 15 kg.
Chris Foss, Jonathan W. Gray, Zach Whalen (red.), Disability in Comic Books and Graphic Narratives, przedmowa: Rosemarie Garland-Thomson, Palgrave Macmillan 2016
Authors: Kotwasińska Agnieszka
Published: May 2021

10.24917/20837275.10.1.14
“Come se fosse antani”: materiali filmici cult in formato OER per l’insegnamento degli shibboleth linguistico-culturali italiani
Authors: Cacchione Annamaria , Carboni Giancarla , Mangoni Flavia , Pioli Marco
Published: May 2021

L’articolo parte dalla considerazione che l’italiano contemporaneo contiene una serie di espressioni provenienti da film cult italiani degli anni ’70.’80 e ’90, comunemente usate sia nel parlato che nello scritto – ad esempio giornalistico. E’ importante che gli apprendenti intermedi e avanzati di italiano L2 ne conoscano il significato ed imparino ad usarle. Per questo, viene proposta la creazione di un’antologia online di film didattizzati per l’insegnamento/apprendimento. L’articolo propone, come base di partenza, espressioni tratte da Amici Miei, film di Verdone e Benigni, dalla saga di Fantozzi e da due film di Moretti.“Come se fosse antani”: wykorzystanie materiałów z kultowych filmów w formacie OER do uczenia włoskich szyboletów językowo-kulturowychArtykuł rozpoczyna się od stwierdzenia, że we współczesnym języku włoskim występują liczne wyrażenia pochodzące z kultowych filmów z lat 70., 80. i 90. Są one powszechnie używane w języku mówionym i pisanym – m.in. w mediach. Istotne jest, by osoby uczące się języka włoskiego jako L2 na poziomie średnio zaawansowanym oraz zaawansowanym poznały ich znaczenie i nauczyły się ich używać. Z tego powodu postuluje się stworzenie online antologii filmów dydaktycznych przeznaczonych do nauki/nauczania. Jako materiał wyjściowy proponuje się wyrażenia zaczerpnięte z Moich przyjaciół, filmów Verdonego i Benigniego, sagi o Fantozzim oraz dwóch filmów Morettiego.
Motion-core assistive tools using pervasive embedded intelligence
Authors:   IntelliHealth Solutions, University of Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam, Senanayake S. M. Namal Arosha
Published: May 2021

Real-time human movement monitoring anywhere at any time is time critical depending on core human motion activities, in particular nation’s valuable asserts; athletes and soldiers considered as reference standard of any society. Light weight wearable technologies are the key measurements and instruments system integrated to develop human motion-core assistive tools (MAT) using pervasive embedded intelligence. Unlike many existing motion analysis models, motion-core models are based on domain specific data service architectures beyond cloud technologies using inner data structures and data models created. Four layered micro system architecture that consists of sensing, networking, service and Motion-core IoT (MIoT) is proposed. Knowledge base was designed as a distributed and networked data center based on transient and resident data addressing modes in order to guarantee the secure data accessing, propagating, visualizing and control between these two modes of operations. While transient data change and avail in relevant clouds storages, corresponding resident data and processed data retain inside local servers or/and private clouds. Data mapping and translation techniques are applied for the formation of complete motion-core data packet related to the test subject under consideration. Thus, hybrid MIoT system is developed using 3D decision fusion models which are the internationally quantifiable standards for assessing human motion set by trainers, coachers, physiotherapists and orthopedics. MIoT built as motion-core assistive tools have been tested for rehabilitation monitoring, injury prevention and performance optimization of athletes, soldiers, and general public. The hybrid system introduced in this work is novel and proves lower down the latency and connectivity independence by allowing human movement analysis during daily active lifestyle.
Padrões espirométricos de resposta ao uso do broncodilatador em pacientes acometidos por doenças respiratórias
Authors: Vieira Lucas , Majolo Fernanda , Lohmann Paula Michele , Johann Liana , Silva Guilherme Liberato da
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Estudar a resposta ao broncodilatador em pacientes acometidos por doenças respiratórias como asma e bronquite descrevendo as características clínicas avaliadas, bem como avaliar os diferentes padrões espirométricos expressados em patologias respiratórias encaminhadas para a espirometria. Métodos:  Foram selecionados os prontuários e as espirometrias dos pacientes que apresentavam quadro de asma, bronquite ou rinite entre os anos de 2016-2019. Os testes espirométricos consistiram em uma etapa pré-broncodilatador e pós-broncodilatador. Foram utilizados os seguintes dados espirométricos: 1) capacidade vital forçada expiratória (FVC), volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (FEV1), VEF1/FVC Pré e Pós-broncodilatador. Resultados: Dos 34 pacientes avaliados neste estudo, 23 (70%) tinham diagnóstico de asma e 9 (28%) de bronquite e 1 (2%) de rinite. Os asmáticos que apresentaram quadro clínico obstrutivo foi de 11 (47,82%) juntamente com pacientes com bronquite, que também apresentaram, na sua maioria, quadro clínico obstrutivo (55,55%). No estudo, 22 (67%) não tiveram resposta ao broncodilatador. Dentre os asmáticos, pré-FVC% e pós-FVC% apresentaram diferença significativa (p<0,0001). Conclusão: Considerando os pacientes com asma e bronquite, a expressão de FVC pós uso de broncodilatador demonstrou diferença significativa entre as duas patologias, tendo maior variação dos valores de VEF1 nos pacientes asmáticos.
Myocardial Infarction and Three-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease as Presenting Features of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University, USA, A Younes , S Yalamanchili ,   Department of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University, USA, H Ali ,   Department of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University, USA, C Onyekwelu ,   Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, East Carolina University, USA, A Movahed ,   Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, East Carolina University, USA
Published: May 2021

Chagas disease is a systemic infection due to Trypanosoma cruzi, a parasitic protozoan. Trypanosoma cruzi is endemic in Latin America; however, the prevalence has been increasing in the United States. The infection is mostly vector-borne secondary to triatomine or “kissing” bug bites. However, the infection can also spread via organ transplantation, blood transfusion, or transplacentally resulting in congenital manifestations. Chronic Chagas disease can cause cardiac or gastrointestinal complications that may be irreversible if left untreated. Major cardiac complications include dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and thromboembolism.
Localization of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella Forsythia In vivo and In vitro
Authors:   Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan, GA Rajakaruna , Y Izumi ,   Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
Published: May 2021

Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia have been identified as pathogenic bacteria associated with periodontal disease. Also, there are reports describing possible association of periodontal disease with other systemic diseases and some studies have revealed the presence of these bacterial species or their genomic content in sites distal to oral cavity in human body. There have been various studies investigating on possible pathogenic mechanisms that these bacteria device in healthy and disease conditions. Majority of the studies have been focused on possible molecular mechanisms and investigating the end products that are released as a result of bacteria coming into contact with the human tissues/ cells. Up to date only a limited number of studies have visualized direct histo-pathological and cellular events of these bacteria with time lapse information. In this mini review we tried to narrow down our focus on the visualization P. gingivalis and T. forsythia, starting from the oldest possible publications to current advancements, their contribution on understanding the histo-morpho-pathological changes during bacterial invasion, the pros and cons in these methods and how future research should be shaped to reveal the possible translocation of these bacteria from periodontal tissues to distal sites of the human body.
Histopathology of the Foot, Gill and Digestive Gland Tissues of Freshwater Mussel, Lamellidens marginalis Exposed to Oil Effluent
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, India, S Balamurugan , P Subramanian ,   Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, India
Published: May 2021

We investigated the histopathological alterations in the tissues of freshwater mussel, Lamellidens marginalis in response to oil effluent. Based on the previous acute toxicity, two sub lethal [1/4th (11.88ppt) and 1/10th (8.55ppt)] concentrations of oil effluent (hydrocarbon) were prepared and exposed to mussels. In a first series of experiment, animals were exposed/accumulated for 30 days [Ist, 8th, 15th, 22nd and 30th days] by two sub lethal concentrations of oil. In a second series of experiment, oil exposed animals were thereafter transferred to clean water and kept in it up to 30 days [Ist, 8th, 15th, 22nd and 30th days] to assess the recovery pattern (depuration). At seven-day intervals, histopathological alterations were analyzed in foot, gill and digestive gland tissues of mussel. First series of experimental observation showed remarkable damages in foot (disorganized outer epithelium, necrosis of the cell, the formation of lumina, disorganized muscle bundle); in gill (disruption of gill filaments, odema formation, necrosis, dis-aggregated cilia) and in digestive gland (stoma, detached glandular epithelium, vertical clefts, presence of leucocytes, dense accumulation of luminal material) and also oil effluent inducement are confirmed with the aforementioned results. At second series of experiment, it was found that oil effluent tended to accumulate in tissues in a duration-dose-dependent manner. Tissue burden by oil effluent of mussels completely were restored at 30th day. The present experimental findings may be of early warning signals of oil effluent pollution. In conclusion oil effluent are highly toxic to the Lamellidens marginalis.
POWER SUPPLY OF FARM TRACTOR INDUSTRY IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, DIDMANIDZE OTARI N.
Published: May 2021

Determining the prospects for the development of the tractor fl eet in Russia and its supplying with power units is an important task in establishing a technological foundation to eff ectively tackle the problems of agricultural production. Taking into consideration the indicator of power supply in agriculture in the world’s economically developed countries, the authors consider the domestic needs in agricultural tractors and engines. As a result of the analysis, it is shown that the fl eet of agricultural tractors is at a low level of about 200 thousand units, and it requires further serious development. To ensure eff ective agricultural production, it is necessary to balance the level of farm tractor availability in Russia with that of economically advanced countries. The indicator of 4 kW/ha was taken as a promising level of tractor availability, and the required number of tractors was determined. The analysis was carried out for the cultivation of arable land in Russia with an area of 80 million hectares as of 2020 and amounted to about 2.5 million units for the entire range of agricultural tractors taking into account their traction class. To cultivate all arable areas in Russia, which amounted to about 120 million hectares in 1990, a third more equipment will be required. To maintain the tractor fl eet at this level, it is necessary to ensure an annual supply of at least 250 thousand units of various engines with a total capacity of at least 320 GW. This problem can be solved through increasing the production capacity of existing engine-building plants and designing new diesel engines for tractors of traction classes 0.6…1.4 with a capacity between 20 and 70 kW.
Refutation of a Rumor by the Mass Media: Mathematical Model and Numerical Experiments
Authors: Михайлов Александр Петрович , Петров Александр Пхоун Чжо
Published: May 2021

The process is considered, in which an unreliable rumor spreads in society, which is opposed by the broadcasting of the mass media. In this case, the unreliability of hearing is understood so that the information of the media contains a refutation and thereby inoculates individuals, that is, makes them immune to hearing. At the same time, individuals who have managed to accept the rumor cease to trust the media and thereby become unavailable for persuasion. For this process, a mathematical model is proposed in two versions. The variant with continuous time reveals some of the mathematical properties of the model. The discrete time option is more convenient for analyzing real processes since it allows one to estimate the parameters of the model. To assess these parameters, data on the ratings of the main socio-political programs of Russian TV channels were used. Several scenario calculations of the model with these parameters are presented. The main conclusion is that if the information disseminated by the media is not viral, that is, it is not retold by viewers to their neighbors in society, then the media are unable to resist rumors.
derechos a la educación superior
Authors: Albuja Quintana Rodrigo Alejandro
Published: May 2021

Este trabajo analiza los derechos que tienen las personas a la educación superior, en tal sentido se realiza un amplio estudio de la normativa legal vigente en función de la realidad de las universidades en el contexto ecuatoriano, como instituciones encargadas de la formación profesional teniendo en cuenta los grandes aportes de las referidas instituciones en el desarrollo de la sociedad. La investigación es de carácter teórico, de ahí que, recurre a la aplicación de métodos de su naturaleza, entre los cuales se destacan el análisis y la síntesis que permitieron reflexionar de manera crítica propositiva sobre la temática estudiada. Hay que tener en cuenta que las exigencias de la sociedad actual denotan mayores desempeños de las personas en los distintos ámbitos del conocimiento, en cuyo sentido la labor de las instituciones de educación superior, entre estas la labor universitaria es fundamental por su carácter académico y científico de abordar los procesos de construcción de conocimientos. Los resultados de la investigación demuestran que la normativa legal vigente no alcanza a las reales necesidades de las universidades, sin embargo, estas, a pesar de las limitaciones prestan el servicio de calidad y excelencia educativa.
How Will the 4th Industrial Revolution Influences the Extraction Industry?
Authors: KAWALEC Paweł
Published: May 2021

Even the third industrial revolution has never been officially finished, from some time an expression Fourth Industrial revolutiongot viral. It has started in 2011 with a project of German government, called Industrie 4.0, which was initiated during the HanoverExpo in 2012. In 2013 an official report on that project was issued.The article explains the term of 4th industrial revolution and tries to foresee influence of that phenomena on extraction industry.The big challenge of digitalization and cybernetic systems implementation carries a large saving potential, estimated to astonishing321 Bio. USD till 2025 but also risks and challenges to overcome. Discussion in the paper includes the most important technologieswith their state of development and existing implementations including autonomous machines in both underground and open pitmining, technology of self-operating drilling rigs and driverless trucks in open pits.Briefly description of current situation and a picture of the mining industry after extended automatization is presented. It touchesalso the challenges of the new industry concept and highlights a road map for the full digital mine.
The Use of Predictive Maintenance in the Production Processes
Authors: NAPIERAJ Aneta
Published: May 2021

Failures are a problem for every company that causes the plant to stop working and thus incur losses. It is therefore obvious thatcompanies want to eliminate unplanned downtime in the production process. In the wake of the still increasing demands in termsof productivity and safety requirements, cost reduction, the industry is forced to seek the optimum between economic requirementsand an acceptable level of risk in terms of security. Modern factories equipped with computerized processes and extensive diagnostictools often do not use all the information that is collected from the hardware level. It happens that some of the relationshipsbetween events are often overlooked or neglected.The article presents an approach to increasing machine reliability through predictive data analysis. The assumptions of the predictiveand preventive maintenance methods are presented. The threats and possibilities offered by this methodology implemented inthe production process are presented.
Computer prediction of the spatial distribution of the Cs-137 concentration in soil
Authors: Shalkevich P. K.
Published: May 2021

Computer prediction of the migration of radioactive contaminants in soil is a promising scientific direction due to the fact that prediction of the radiation situation on the basis of experimental measurements of radionuclides activity requires the use of mathematical and computer methods of data processing. At the same time, most of the specialized software packages for predicting the spread of radioactive contaminants in soil are based on one- and two-dimensional idealizations of this process, while solving the problem of comprehensive assessment of the biosphere’s state requires the data of the contaminant’s spatial distribution. To obtain such data, the author has developed a software module as a part of SPS (Simulation of Processes in Soil) v2.0 software package, which allows predicting the parameters of the spatial migration of radionuclides in natural dispersed media. To assess the possibility of using the developed software in practice, the prediction results were verified by the experimental data. For this purpose, the spatial distribution of the Cs-137 concentration in the experimental area in the Luninets district of the Brest region was predicted using the measurement data of the Cs-137 activities and the soil characteristics. The comparison of the results obtained on the basis of experimental measurements and the predicted values of the spatial distribution of the Cs-137 concentration showed that the predicted values are within the confidence intervals of the measured values. Consequently, the developed software can be used to solve practical problems in the field of forecasting the migration of radionuclides with obtaining a reliable picture of their distribution over the volume of the modeling area and to comprehensively assess their impact on the environment.
Molecular Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Isolated from Naturally Infected Broiler Chickens in Erbil, Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed I.
Published: May 2021

The infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease of broiler chickens and the development of a new genetic variant of the virus is responsible for major economic losses in the poultry industry. For this purpose, it was essential to isolate the molecular characterization of the virus from vaccinated broiler in Erbil, Iraq. Clinically, the infectious bursal disease is characterized by high mortality (10-15%) with hemorrhagic lesions on the breast and thigh muscles, hemorrhagic and edematous bursa of diseased chickens. In this study, the Bursa of Fabricus (BF) samples were collected between June 2018 and January 2019. Histopathological changes of the bursal sections showed existence of the cystic vacuolation of the lymphoid follicles with leukocytes infiltration as pathognomic features for IBD virus infection; and homogenates samples inoculated in chorioallantoic-membrane showed mortality in the second passage with varying degrees of hemorrhages. Agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) was positive with specific antisera. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nucleotide sequence analysis of five fragments in the hypervariable region of VP2 gene revealed transition and transversion changes. Among the five recent IBD virus isolates, the rate of identity was approximately 99% as compared with the very virulent IBD virus from Iran (ID: DQ785171.1). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the five isolates were closely related to the Asian group with a different percentage ranged from 98-99% while it was 97% in the European group. The local isolate of the virus was registered in the Genebank under the accession number MN48052.1. In conclusion, the isolated IBDVs belong to a very virulent group. In addition, this study demonstrates the spread of this virulent virus to poultry industries in Erbil, Iraq. Further widespread surveys could help in delivering more information on the virus variability and might assist in designing novel vaccines for this pathogen.
Cytopathogenicity studied of fowl pox virus by using indirect immunoperoxidase and acridine orange tests .
Authors: AL-Hyali Harith M.
Published: May 2021

Locally isolated fowl pox virus was inoculated on chorioallantoic membraneof chick embryos, leads to the appearances of odema and pocks lesion on themembrane , 120 hours post inoculation .Virus assay showed that the infectivitytiter were 106.8 to 107.5 EID50/0.1 ml in embryonated chicken eggs. Monolayertissue cultures of chick embryo fibroblast cells infected with fowl pox virus wereexamined by acridine orange staining and indirect immunoperoxidase test to studythe cytopathogenic effects of the virus . The most striking cytoplasmic changesobserved was the presence of the intracytoplasmic inclusions at 24-48 hours postinoculation, numerous inclusions were clearly seen at 72 hr. P.I.in addition tocytoplasmic vaculation and granulation were clearly seen at 96 hr. P.I. Thesechanges stained brilliant green with acridine orange and dark brown staining withimmunoperoxidase . Both tests demonstrated the localization of pox virus antigensin infected cells at same intervals.
A comparission study of locally probiotic with imported probiotic in microbial balance of broiler gastro-intestinal tract
Authors: Al-Kaissy Galib A.
Published: May 2021

This study aimed the effect of adding 0.5 and 1 kg of imported probiotic/ton feed (T1 and T2) compared with the a percentages of 1.5, 3 kg locallyprobiotic / ton (T3 and T4) when as T5 used feed free of probiotic .500 dayoldchicks were distributed into five treatments and subdivided into two replicates(50 chicks per replicate) to study the effect of adding the two probiotics in themicrobial balance of broiler gasto-intestinal tract .The results obtained revealedthe following:-Adding percentages of locally or imported probiotic (T1, T2, T3 andT4)decreased significantly (P<0.01) log no.of Coliform count and fungi count atmid point of intestine (Jejunum), crop and cecum of broiler, at the same timeAdding the two probiotics increased significantly (P<0.01) log no.ofLactobacilli count compared with control group (T5) .Whenas significantdifferences in the log no. of total bacterial count at mid point of intestine andcrop. Also no significant differences between locally or imported probiotic werenoticed in the studied microbial counts or to the adding percentages. Conclosionis the importance of adding probiotics to the feed for optimum microbial balanceto increase resistance of broiler to pathogenic bacteria.
Biochemical and Haematological Study in Rats Exposed to Cadmium Chloride in Drinking Water
Authors: A. Hanaa A.
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was investigate the Physiological effect ofdifferent concentrations of cadmium chloride in drinking water on somebiochemical and haematological parameters of male rats. Animals in thisexperiment were randomly divided into four equal groups and treated for 15weeks as follows : Rats in control group were offered ordinary tap water ,while animal in M1 , M2 , and M3 were received 10 , 20 , 30 ppm Cdcl2 indrinking water, respectively. The activity of Alanine aminotransferase(ALP), Aspartate aminotrasferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) inserum were measured. Further mor, hemoglobin concentration (Hb) andwhite blood cells count (WBCs) were detected. The result revealed thataddition of cadmium chloride in different concentrations in drinking watercaused a significant increase in activity of serum of ALT in treated group(M1 , M2 , M3 ) as compound with control. Within the time the activity ofserum AST was significantly increased in three treated group as comparedwith pretreatment period. On the other hand , significant increase in serumALP concentration were show in both M1 and M3 treated groups at 12th and15th week of the treatment as compared with control group. Significantdecrease in haemoglobin concentration were observed in M1 , M2 , M3 from9th week to the end of experiment comparing to control. While cadmiumchloride treatment caused significant increase in total white blood cells countin treated groups as compared with control group. On Conclusion, it seemslikely that exposure of male rats to cadmium chloride at level above thepermissive one had induced clear biochemical and haematological changes.
Isolation of Mycobacteria spp from Rats
Authors: Abbas Maysoon Sabah
Published: May 2021

The main aim of this study is to detect infection of Wild brown rats withMycobacteria . fourtyone Wild brown rats were collected from variousquarters of Baghdad city during the period 29/5/2004 – 30/10/2004 .fourty one rats collected from college of Veterinary Medicine farmBaghdad University and from farm of Abu – Ghraib , Baghdad –ALGedida , AL – Mahmoedia , AL – hurrea . In this study after collectionof rats the post mortem change was studied and take one hundred twentythree sample of Lung , Liver and Spleen for bacterial examination onehundred twenty three samples were culture on special media forMycobacteria . The result revealed that four rats were infected withMycobacteria . four isolates of Mycobacteria two isolate from Lung , twoisolate from Liver . The morbidity rate with Mycobacteria was 9.9% .
Epidemiological study of Cryptosporidiosis in sheep of Baghdad province
Authors: Yakoob Alia Yousif
Published: May 2021

To investigate the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis among neonatal lambs and sheep in different areasof Baghdad include (Alshaab, Alshoala ,Albayaa, Alalawy, Madenat alsader, Aldorah, Alhosaenea,Algazalea, Alrashdea) ,also the study investigated effect of sex ,age, season on the infected rate fromDecember 2007 till August 2008.The laboratory methods were used to identified the oocysts :Modifide Ziehl Neelsen stain and flotationwith Shether’s solution .A total of 500 fecal samples were collected from animals at one day -two years old lambs and sheep,males and femalesAll fecal samples obtained from three groups of animals state: diarrhea , pasty and normal.The study recorded total rate of cryptosporidiosis infection 15.8% in neonatal lambs and sheep., thecryptosporidium oocysts isolated from animals appeared with Ziehl Neelsen stain as spherical ovalshape, red in color containing the sporozoit and measured 4.3 x 4.8 Um.Infected rate differ according to the areas, the higher rate of infection 34.88 % was recorded inAlshaab , while the lower rate 3.12 % was recorded in Algazalea.The result revealed higher rate of infection 34.95 % was recorded in lambs less than month , whilethe lower rate 2.77 % was recorded in animals at 6 to 7 month old.No significant difference was noticed between two sex , the infection rate was 12.9 % in males and16.75 % in females.The result revealed there's no effect of fecal type on infection rate this study was recorded 18.61 %in diarrheic animals, 14.68 % in normal and 11.9 % in animals with pasty feces.In regard to seasonal variation, the higher rate of infection 34.88 % was recorded in April, while thelower rate 3.12 % in July.
The inhibitory effect of some medical plants on the growth of some bacterial isolates from respiratory infections
Authors: A.J Al-Jebouri
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out to evaluate seven types of herbs being: black pepper seeds (Piper nigrum), celery seeds (Apium graveolens), cubeb seeds (Piper cubeba), camphor seeds (Cinnamomuum camphora), myrrh (Commiphora mol mol), fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum- graecum) and seeds of Lepidium sativum. The antibacterial activity of alcoholic extracts of these plants was performed on gram- positive and gram- negative bacteria isolated from human respiratory tract infections including : S. aureus ,S. pneumoniae, M. antarcticus, Corynebacterium spp. and coagulase- negative Staphylococci (CNS). Gram –negative bacteria included: K. oxytoca, K. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. We studied the bacterial sensitivity to 10 antibiotics: Tobramycin (TOB), Ceftazidime (CAZ), Vancomycin (VA), Ampicillin (AM), Ofloxacin (OFX), Cloxacillin (CX), Cefalothin (KF), Erythromycin (E), Oxytetracycline (T), Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (CTX). Cubeba essential oil was superior in inhibiting all the examined bacteria compared with other plants. K. oxytoca was most sensitive to Lepidium sativum seeds extract followed by myrrh and fenugreek, while K. pneumoniae was most sensitive to cubeba and camphora. Cubeba followed by myrrh pi spp. was resistant to 5 antibiotics and sensitive to 4 which were: TOB, VA, OFX and KF.
Study of Pollution Levels of heavy metals residues in the locally produced cheese & emulsifying salts
Authors: Al-Shdidi Ahmed M.S.
Published: May 2021

The study was conducted to indicate the compartive measurements of heavy metals residues levels were detected by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer in 10 random samples of locally processed cheeses and in 20 random samples of emulsifying salts collectd from different areas in Baghdad , results showed that such cheese of low quality and did not meet both local and international Dairy products standards , Such findings of high concentration of heavy metals residues indicate that the emulsifying salts used in processing were not nutritional but of industrial origin and unfit for human consumption . The results show that is the concentration *[p.p.m.] of heavy metals residues **(±MD) in the locally processed cheeses samples were < 0.1±0.001 p.p.m. for both of Cd. & Mn. , 3.5±0.28 p.p.m. for Fe. , < 0.05±0.001 p.p.m. for Pb. , 7.3±0.3 p.p.m. for Zn. & 0.24±0.01p.p.m. for Cu. .. While the concentration *[p.p.m.] of heavy metals residues **(±MD) in the Emulsifying salts were 1.55±0.145 p.p.m. for Cd. , 1.7±0.16 p.p.m. for Mn. , 16±1.12 p.p.m. for Fe. , 3.15±0.275 p.p.m. for Pb. , 233.1±5.6 p.p.m. for Zn. & 1.95±0.085 p.p.m. for Cu.
Prevalence Of Cryptosporidiosis In Calves And Child In Al Diwania City
Authors: Jasm Ghaidaa abas
Published: May 2021

The aim of study to investigate of Cryptosporidium parum Parasite 200 faecal samples were collected from cattle in different age from abattoir and hospital of veterinary and infants in children and maternity of Al–Diwania Governorate and examined by Modified acid fast staining .The prevalence and intensity of cryptosporidiosis was found more in adult calves ( 44% ) in diarrheic group and 12% in non diarrheic group and the percentage was different from the other age group. While in Infant 17.5% were positive from diarrheic group and 8.3% in nondiarrheic group in 2-4 years old and the percentage was different from the other age group according the site of live in rural and urban community . This study was conclude that the age and present or absence of diarrhea significant differences in severity of infection with Cryptosporidium parum .
Study of some hematological and biochemical parameter of Friesian crossbred cows in Sulaimanya governorate
Authors: FT. Juma
Published: May 2021

The present study was carried out at Bakrajo field station which belongs to the college of Agriculture University Sulaimanya during the period from the1st of April untill 30th of October 2009.This study include 10 crossbred Friesian cows aged 5-7 years old to study some hematological and biochemical changes during late pregnancy (last three months ) and lactation period (4months).The cows were divided into two groups, the first group included 5 non-pregnant cows used as control group while the second group included 5cows were in the late pregnancy (last three months) and continues to four months of miproduction. Statistically all significant results of blood and biochemical results at (P<0.05). The results showed a significant decreased of the erythrocytes number during late stage of pregnancy and lactation period as comparison with non-pregnant cows. Hemoglobin concentration decreased significantly during 3rd and 4th of lactation in comparison with 7th and 8th months of pregnancy and non pregnant animals ,while PCV showed significant increase during 9th month of pregnancy in comparison with 2nd,3rd and4thmonths of lactation and non- pregnant cows. There were a significant increased in MCV and MCH during pregnancy in comparison with months of lactation, and significantly increase of MCHC at 7th month of pregnancy in comparison with 2nd, 3rd and 4th months of lactation. There were a significant increased of Leukocyte count at the last two months of pregnancy in comparison with non-pregnant animals. In regard to the biochemical changes, there was a significant decreased of glucose concentration at both pregnancy and lactation period in comparison with non-pregnant animals. Total serum cholesterol concentration was significantly increased at the pregnancy and lactation period in comparison with control group, while total serum protein concentration significantly decreased at the 1stmonth of lactation in comparison with 2nd, 3rd and 4th months and control group, concentration of ionized calcium and inorganic phosphorus significantly decreased during last period of pregnancy and lactation period in comparison with non-pregnant cows. In regard to serum enzyme change significant increased in the activity of AST during the second month of lactation in comparison
Evaluating the Influence of Parasite Management Programs on Growth Performance of Steer Calves in EL Centro 1 – Management Programs Effect on Coccsidiosis
Authors: A. Zinn Richard
Published: May 2021

As a part of a protocol ( Z2F10 – Laidlomycin calf - fed Holstein health management ) Coccidiosis was studied in two hundred Holstein steer- calves (114 kg ) to evaluate the effect of management and treatment programs. Early weaned animals were shipped to the University of California Desert Research Center El Centro on the 26th of May 2010. The calves were vaccinated and treated with internal and external anti parasitic also injected with Vital E - AD (5ml SC 100000 vitamin A/ml and 12ml of liquamycin. Steers were balanced by weight and assigned within weight grouping to (40) pens ( 5 steers / pen ). Animals were randomly divided into four equal groups, the 1st was control group and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were treated with Monensin Laidlomycin and Deccox respectively. Freshly lead fecal samples were collected during Summer months 2010 from the pens and a quantitative flotation technique was used. The Results showed that 50% of the control, 40% of the Monensin treated, 10% of the Laidlomycin treated and 70% of the Deccox treated groups were positive for coccidial oocysts. The prevalence rate of coccidia oocysts in the herd was ( 40.25 %).
Effect of Oily and Watery Extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis as Preservative in Minced Meat
Authors: Abid Majid M.
Published: May 2021

The effect of various concentration of Rosmarinus officinalis on the total count of bacteria in minced meat stored at temperature between 4 – 6oC for periods up to 14 days is examined. The results showed that the oily extract at the concentration of 20 – 100 mg/ml and the watery extract of the concentration of 120 – 200 mg/gm have a significant effect (P<0.05) in comparison with blank treatment No significant variation ware found at (P<0.05) in the treatment with the watery and oily extracts
Determination of clinical state of hepatitis B virus infection of patients in Basra governorate
Authors: Hamadi Saad S.
Published: May 2021

Hepatitis B virus is a hepatotropic virus that causes acute and chronic hepatitis, livercirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma; it is responsible for more than one million deathsannually worldwide despite hepatitis B vaccination. So, the aim of the present study was todetect the total markers of HBV (HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, Total anti-HBc and IgManti-HBc) .A total of 126 cases with hepatitis B were recruited from different medical centersin Basra. Serological tests were preformed for all cases using ELISA tests. 126 patients weredivided into 8 studied groups including: Incubation, Active acute, Acute, Active chronic,chronic, Inactive HBsAg Carrier, HBsAg-negative patients and liver cancer. We conclude thatthe vast majority of patients were Inactive HBsAg Carrier (54.76 %) fallowed by acutehepatitis (16.67 %) and HBsAg-negative patients (7.14 %).
Comparative study of pyloromyotomy by laparoscopic and conventional surgery in dogs
Authors: Eesa M. J.
Published: May 2021

Pyloromyotomy is a procedure to increase the diameter of pyloric region, routinely performed during pyloric stenosis to prevent delayed emptying of stomach content. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pyloromyotomy by conventional and laparoscopic techniques. Ten adult healthy dogs were used. Five animals underwent the pyloromyotomy by conventional and the same number laparoscopic technique. The clinical radiological and laparoscopic results of two techniques revealed that both were successive for achieved this purpose, but the laparoscopic pyloromoytomy characterized by small abdominal incision minimal adhesion and rapid healing.
Sex Selection of Mice Embryo by Ericsson Method Using Intra-Peritoneal Insemination
Authors: Hadi Ilaf Hassan
Published: May 2021

The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of Ericsson Albumin Method to separate Y- from X-bearing sperms in mice. The sperms were obtained from caudal epididymis of male mice and prepared by Ericsson method using albumin in two concentrations (8% and 18%) fallowed by intra-peritoneal insemination of female mice. The study showed there was a significant increase (P>0.05) in pregnancy rate in female mice that inseminated by sperms were prepared by Ericsson method. Also, the results demonstrated that Ericsson method was found (75%) effective for male gender selection compared to conventional method (51.25%) without separation of Y- from X-bearing sperms.
Use of turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the performance and some physiological traits on the broiler diets
Authors: Abd Al-Jaleel Raghdad A.
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted at the poultry farm ,Veterinary Public Health .,College of Veterinary Medicine, to study the effect of Tumeric (Curcuma longa) on broiler performance and some physiological traits .Two hundred fifty day-old (Rose308) broiler chicks were all located randomly to five treatments from 1-42 days of age, with tow replicate pens (25 birds /pen) per treatment .Chicks were fed the following :- Diet (1)Using basal diet free from herbal plants kept as control , Diet (2) Basal diet + 0.25% of Curcuma longa (250 gm/100kg of feed) Diet (3) Basal diet + 0.50% of Curcuma longa (500 gm/100kg of feed ).Diet (4) Basal diet + 1% 0f Curcuma longa (1000 gm/100kg of feed ).Diet (5) Basal diet plus 1.5 % of Curcuma longa (1500 gm/100kg of feed ).Results revealed that the inclusion of turmeric at the levels of 0.50% in the diets improved body weight ,feed conversion ratio ,there were a significant difference in feed consumption . At the same time there was no significant difference for edible parts, were as found significant difference (P˂ 0.05) for dressing percent for all treatments treat with compare for control group . At the same time there was no significant difference in PCV, RBC, Hb, WBC while there was significant difference in H/L ratio, Albumin and globulin.
Molecular identification by multiplex polymerase chain reaction of Pasteurella multocida in cattle and buffaloes in Baghdad
Authors: AL-Shemmari Ihab G. M.
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to identify pasteurella multocida and their types by PCR in cattle’s and buffaloesi bagdad from March to August 2012 on 204 animals , including 102 cattle and 102 buffaloes at slaughter houses from Baghdad .Blood samples and nasal swaps were collected , before slaughtering and lung tissues of slaughtered animal , and from 54 clinically suspected cases of pasteurellosis , including 27 bovines ,and 27 buffaloes the samples taken included blood and nasal swabs . Pasteurellamultocida were isolated from 94 animals include 49 cattle 45 buffaloes. The typing of the isolates by multiplex PCR for genotyping Pasteuerllamultocida revealed 93 isolates of type B , 31 from cattle and 62 from buffaloes ,and 81 isolates of type A , 55 from cattle and 26 from buffaloes .
Bacterial contamination of table eggs in Babylon, Iraq
Authors: Al-Rubiae Muna sabbar
Published: May 2021

To study the bacterial contamination of table eggs in Babylon city, a total of 214 eggs collected from different sources, including 100 from farms and 114 from supermarkets, all samples were cultured for the bacteria on Salmonella Shigella Agar(SS Agar) and nutrient agar. The results of the farms samples showed that there are no growth of bacteria in all samples under study whereas the results of supermarkets samples showed that about 21.05% of supermarkets eggs were contaminated with bacterial strains, and the results showed the presence of Stahylococcus aureus in 10.52% of the samples, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 7.89%, a Proteus mirabilis in 3.50%, S. epidermidis in 0.87% and Bacillus subtilis in 0.87%. Also, the antibiotic sensitivity tests were tested for all isolates and the result showed that the sensitivity was 100% for ciprofloxacin, 85.18% for gentamicin, 85.18% for Amikacin, 59.25% for rifampin, 48.14% for cefotaxime, 44.44% for chloramphenicol, 28.5% for clarithromycin and 0 % for cephalexin. The results showed there was not Salmonella spp. strains in all eggs samples so that present work tried to check the presence of Salmonella spp in farm chickens in farms, 213 chicken stool samples were collected from four farms, the samples were cultured on SS Agar, the results showed presence of Salmonella spp. in 10.37% of stool samples and the antibiotic sensitivity tested, also,the result showed that the sensitivity was 63.6% for ciprofloxacin, 86.36% for gentamicin, 86.36% for amikacin, 36.36% for rifampin, 27.27% for cefotaxime, 4.54% for chloramphenicol and 0% for cephalexin. The results indicated that there were 90% of the isolate of Salmonella spp. isolate have Multi-drug resistance phenomenon.