Use of multiple biotechnological operations to recover the grape plant material from viral infections
Authors:   All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking Magarach of RAS, Yalta, Russian Federation, Klimenko V.P. , Lushchay E.A. ,   All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking Magarach of RAS, Yalta, Russian Federation, Pavlova I.A. ,   All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking Magarach of RAS, Yalta, Russian Federation, Abdurashitova A.S. ,   All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking Magarach of RAS, Yalta, Russian Federation, Zlenko V.A. ,   All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking Magarach of RAS, Yalta, Russian Federation, Grigorenko M.I. ,   All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking Magarach of RAS, Yalta, Russian Federation, Spotar G.Y. ,   All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking Magarach of RAS, Yalta, Russian Federation, Spotar E.N. ,   All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking Magarach of RAS, Yalta, Russian Federation, Mironenko A.A. ,   All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking Magarach of RAS, Yalta, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The aim of this original research was to obtain new knowledge during biotechnological operations for the recovery of grape plant material from viral infections for subsequent practical use. The in vitro plants of 18 grape varieties of the "Magarach" Institute were the objects of research. The plants in vitro of the grapes were obtained in the necessary and sufficient quantity for carrying out experiments on health improvement. The complex of technological operations for recovery of grape plant material from viruses was carried out, including thermotherapy, chemotherapy and electrotherapy. After the recovery procedures, molecular diagnostics was performed on the latent form of phytopathogens in plant material. Viruses in plant material of the Alminskiy variety were completely eliminated. The infection of the Grapevine fanleaf virus and Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus has been eliminated or significantly reduced in the samples. The infection rate of Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus in plant material has been lowered by increasing exposure of plants in vitro to high temperatures. The use of ribavirin to eliminate the Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus should also be considered successful. The decrease in the infection rate of Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus in plant material compared to the control option resulting from electrotherapy is noteworthy. The use of biotechnological techniques has been demonstrated in experiments to eliminate or partially eliminate a number of viruses. The knowledge was obtained allows to optimize the recovery of grape genotypes from viruses in biotechnological systems. Samples of grape varieties that are free from latent infections should be used to replenish the vegetative collection in vitro of grapes created earlier at the Institute "Magarach". Keywords: biotechnology, in vitro, testing, thermotherapy, chemotherapy, electrotherapy