bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edaravone dexborneol alleviates cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury through NF‐κB/NLRP3 signal pathway
Authors: Shen Guanghong , Lou Chengjian , Li Qunfeng , Zhao Bingxin , Luo Yuhuan , Wu Fei , Jiao Dian , Fang Marong , Geng Yu
Published: July 2023

Inflammatory injury following ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) severely limits the efficacy of stroke treatment. Edaravone dexborneol (C.EDA) has been shown to reduce inflammation following a cerebral hemorrhage. However, the precise anti‐inflammatory mechanism of C.EDA is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether C.EDA provides neuroprotection after I/R in rats, as well as the potential mechanisms involved. A middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (I/R) model was created using Sprague‐Dawley rats. The blood flow of the central cerebral artery was monitored by a laser speckle imaging system. The neurological score was used to assess behavioral improvement. Cerebral infarction volume was measured by TTC staining. And the integrity of the blood–brain barrier was detected by Evan's blue staining. The expression of the nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB)/ the NOD‐like receptor protein (NLRP3) inflammasome signal pathway and microglia polarization were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The cerebral blood flow ratio indicates that the cerebral I/R model was successfully established. After reperfusion for 72 h, the improvement of neurological scores, infarct volume reduction, and integrity of the blood–brain barrier was observed in I/R rats with C.EDA treatment. Meanwhile, the immunofluorescence result showed that the expression of iNOS, NLRP3, and NF‐κB protein was decreased and the level of Arg1 was increased. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of NF‐κB/NLRP3 signal pathway‐related protein was decreased. In conclusion, this study indicates that C.EDA alleviates I/R injury by blocking the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and regulating the polarization of M1/M2 microglia via the NF‐κB signal pathway.
Diaroyl‐S,N‐ketene Acetals: Red‐Shifted Solid‐State and Aggregation‐Induced Emitters from a One‐Pot Synthesis
Authors: Biesen Lukas , Hartmann Yannic , Müller Thomas J. J.
Published: July 2023

Symmetric and unsymmetric diaroyl‐S,N‐ketene acetals can be readily accessed in consecutive syntheses in good to excellent yields by exploiting the inherent nucleophilic character of the methine position. Different aroyl‐S,N‐ketene acetals as well as acid chlorides yield a library of 19 diaroyl compounds with substitution and linker pattern‐tunable emission properties, leading to a significant red‐shift of emission in the solid and aggregated state, which was thoroughly investigated. Additionally, the stability of the luminescent aggregates is highly increased. In a follow‐up one‐pot procedure, pyrazolo‐S,N‐ketene acetals can easily be accessed employing a nucleophilic cyclocondensation.
Online feature selection for hierarchical classification learning based on improved ReliefF
Authors: Wang Chenxi , Ren Mengli , E Chen , Guo Lei , Yu Xiehua , Lin Yaojin , Li Shaozi
Published: July 2023

In hierarchical classification learning, the feature space of data has high dimensionality and is unknown with emergent features. To solve the above problems, we propose an online hierarchical feature selection algorithm based on adaptive ReliefF. Firstly, ReliefF is adaptively improved via using the density information of instances around the target sample, making it unnecessary to prespecify parameters. Secondly, the hierarchical relationship between classes is used, and a new method for calculating the feature weight of hierarchical data is defined. Then, an online correlation analysis method based on feature interaction is designed. Finally, the adaptive ReliefF algorithm is improved based on feature redundancy, and the feature weight is scaled by the correlation between features in order to achieve the dynamic updating of feature redundancy. A large number of experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
96 kN-sec endurance test of the R-200 low power hall thruster
Authors: Lev Dan , Franco Daniel Katz , Zimmerman Raul , Tordjman Moshe , Auslender Boaz , Epstein Oren
Published: July 2023

The R-200 low power Hall thruster unit completed a 96 kNs endurance test, during which the anode mass flow rate was adjusted to maintain a constant power of 250 W throughout the campaign. The test was performed at Rafael, while the initial performance validation was conducted at ESTEC. At the end of the endurance test the thruster exhibited nearly unchanged performance and did not reach its end-of-life. During the endurance test, the thruster performance was characterized 5 times in the 100–250 W discharge power range, the ceramic channel profile was measured 6 times to assess the erosion rate, thrust was continuously tracked multiple times a day, an ignition test was conducted after 60 kNs to assess continuous operation impact on ignition capability, and sensitivity to magnetic field changes was checked twice (at 12 kNs and 65 kNs). Two notable events occurred during the test – a cathode keeper breach and a ceramic channel breach. The keeper electrode was replaced, and cathode position adjusted. following the ceramic channel breach the thruster continued to operate regularly, and with no performance degradation, even after the inner pole was exposed to the plasma discharge. The thruster generated a constant thrust of 13 mN throughout the entire test while the Isp decreased from 1,250 s at the beginning of life to 1,160 s at the end of test. Performance degradation of less than 10% was measured at all operating points in the 100–250 W discharge power range at the end of the experiment. The ignition test validated 300 successful thruster ignition cycles. Using channel profile geometry data, a simple semi-empirical erosion model was calibrated to predict future breaching events and allow for an improved channel design. The information gathered during this endurance test campaign was used to redesign the cathode keeper and inner ceramic channel profile. A subsequent test of the improved thruster unit design showed an expected lifetime of over 200 kNs.
Confession and Confessors in the Templars’ Testimonies, 1307–1311: Notes on the Brothers’ Defence Strategy
Authors: SATORA MAGDALENA
Published: July 2023

This paper focuses on one of the elements employed in their defence by individual Knights Templar during the trials preceding the dissolution of the order: making reference to a previous confession made long before the start of the trials, in the course of which a brother divulged the sin of heresy. Questions are raised about the reliability of fragments of testimonies pertaining to this, the potential benefits that the Templars could have gained and the risks involved. An attempt is also made to indicate the source of this defence strategy, as well as the way in which it was disseminated among brothers interrogated at various times and in various places.
Goal Directed Perfusion Is Not Associated with a Decrease in Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Predicted to Be at High Risk for Acute Renal Failure after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Broadwin Mark , Palmeri Monica , Kelting Tyler , Groom Robert , Robich Michael , Lucas F. Lee , Kramer Robert
Published: July 2023

Small increases in serum creatinine postoperatively reflect an acute kidney injury (AKI) that likely occurred during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Maintaining adequate oxygen delivery (DO2) during CPB, known as GDP (goal-directed perfusion), improves outcomes. Whether GDP improves outcomes of patients at high risk for acute renal failure (ARF) is unknown. Forty-seven adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB utilizing GDP with Cleveland Clinic Acute Renal Failure Score of 3 or greater were compared with a matched cohort of patients operated upon using a flow-directed strategy. CPB flow in the GDP cohort was based on a DO2goal of 260 mL/min/m2. Serum creatinine values were used to determine whether postoperative AKI occurred according to AKIN (Acute Kidney Injury Network) guidelines. We examined the distribution of all variables using proportions for categorical variables and means (standard deviations) for continuous variables and compared treatment groups usingttests for categorical variables and tests for differences in distributions for continuous and count variables. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting to adjust for treatment selection bias. In adjusted models, GDP was not associated with a decrease in AKI (odds ratio [OR]: .97; confidence interval [CI]: .62, 1.52), but was associated with higher odds of ARF (OR: 3.13; CI: 1.26, 7.79), mortality (OR: 3.35; CI: 1.14, 9.89), intensive care unit readmission (OR: 2.59; CI: 1.31, 5.15), need for intraoperative red blood cell transfusion (OR: 2.02; CI: 1.26, 3.25), and postoperative platelet transfusion (OR: 1.78; CI: 1.05, 3.01) when compared with the historic cohort. In patients who are at high risk for postoperative renal failure, GDP was not associated with a decrease in AKI when compared to the historical cohort managed traditionally by determining CPB flows based on body surface area. Surprisingly, the GDP cohort performed significantly worse than the retrospective control group in terms of ARF, mortality, intensive care unit readmission, and RBC and platelet transfusions.
The efficacy of acupuncture combined with other therapies in post stroke cognitive impairment: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Li Shenwei , Wang Dongyan , Zhang Yiyin , Huo Hong , Liu Yue , Wang Yiyan , Zhao Dongxue , Dong Xu , Zhang Hongyan
Published: July 2023

Background:

The network meta-analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture combined with other therapies in the treatment of post stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).

Methods:

The China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang DATA, Vip Chinese Periodic Service Platform, PUBMED, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before March 18, 2023. Two researchers independently reviewed articles and extracted data, and then qualified papers were included in the study. STATA 14.0 was used for network meta-analysis.

Results:

A total of 29 articles including 2241 patients were included in this study. The treatment of the intervention group includes acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions (TCMP), acupuncture combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), acupuncture combined with cognitive rehabilitation (CR), acupuncture combined with donepezil. The intervention of the control group includes acupuncture, HBO, rTMS, CR, TCMP, and donepezil. In terms of improving the score of Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE), acupuncture combined with TCMP was most likely to be the best treatment (P < .05). In terms of improving the score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), acupuncture combined with TCMP was most likely to be the best treatment (P < .05). In terms of improving the total effective rate of clinical treatment, acupuncture combined with rTMS was most likely to be the best treatment (P < .05).

Conclusion:

Acupuncture combined with TCMP may be the best treatment method among all of the above treatments for PSCI.
Oriental medicine as collaborating treatments with conventional treatments for knee osteoarthritis: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Park Yeon-Cheol , Park Kyeong-Ju , Goo Bon-Hyuk , Kim Jung-Hyun , Seo Byung-Kwan , Baek Yong-Hyeon
Published: July 2023

Background:

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oriental medicine (OM) treatments as monotherapy and add-on therapy compared to conventional treatments for knee osteoarthritis and assess the quality of evidence for these results. OM treatment included acupuncture, herbal medicine, pharmacoacupuncture, and moxibustion.

Methods:

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar, 4 Korean medical databases (KoreaMed, Korean Studies Information Service System, Research Information Service System, and Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System), and one Chinese database (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched for articles published between January 1, 2000, and January 1, 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of OM interventions, single or combined with conventional treatments, on knee osteoarthritis were searched. The risk of bias and quality of evidence of the included studies were evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methods, respectively.

Results:

A total of 3911 relevant studies were retrieved and only 23 studies were included for systematic review. Most of the studies showed a significant effect on knee osteoarthritis. 21 studies comparing single OM treatment with conventional treatment were included in the meta-analysis. The effect size of standardized mean difference (SMD) was analyzed as a “small effect” with 0.48 (95% CI −0.80 to −0.16, Z = 2.98, P = .003). In addition, a meta-analysis of 4 studies comparing integrative treatment with conventional treatment showed a “very large effect” with 1.52 (95% CI −2.09 to −0.95, Z = 5.19, P < .001).

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that single OM treatment and integrative treatment significantly reduce pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, there is a limited number of RCTs considering integrative treatment which implies more related RCTs should be conducted in the future.
Chinese herbal medicine Buyang Huanwu Decoction in treatment of peripheral nerve injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Liu Hongwen , Li Jiao , Xu Wenhao , Li Yikai , Yin Li
Published: July 2023

Background:

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) resulting from trauma can be severe and permanently disabling, approximately one-third of PNIs demonstrate incomplete recovery and poor functional restoration. However, despite extensive research on this aspect, complete functional recovery remains a challenge. In East Asian countries, Chinese herbal Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD) has been used to treat PNI for more than 200 years, and the studies of BHD to treat PNI have been increasing in recent years based on positive clinical outcomes. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to scientifically evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of BHD in patients with PNI.

Method:

A literature search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and Sinomed databases for randomized controlled clinical trials that evaluated the safety and effects of BHD alone or combination treatment on PNI.

Results:

A total of 14 studies involving 1415 participants were included in this study. Each trial did not show significant heterogeneity or publication bias. The results showed that significant improvements of the total clinical effective rate (odds ratio = 3.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [2.62, 4.81]; P < .0001), radial nerve function score (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.28; 95% CI = [1.09, 1.47]; P = .007), motor nerve conduction velocity (SMD = 1.59; 95% CI = [1.40, 1.78]; P < .0001), sensory nerve conduction velocity (SMD = 1.69; 95% CI = [1.34, 2.05]; P < .0001), and electromyography amplitude (SMD = 2.67; 95% CI = [1.27, 4.06]; P = .0002), and significantly reduce of the visual analog scale scores (SMD = −3.85; 95% CI = [−7.55, −0.15]; P = .04) in the BHD group compared with the control group. In addition, there were no serious and permanent adverse effects in the 2 groups, the difference was not significant (odds ratio = 1.00; 95% CI = [0.40, 2.50]; P = 1.00).

Conclusion:

Current evidence suggests that BHD is an effective and safe treatment for PNI and could be treated as a complementary and alternative option with few side effects compared to a single treatment with neurotrophic drugs or electrical stimulation. However, considering the low methodological quality of the included studies, further rigorous studies are required.
2L polyethylene glycol combined with castor oil versus 4L polyethylene glycol for bowel preparation before colonoscopy among inpatients
Authors: Xiong Zhe , Fang Ying , Feng Fangfang , Cheng Yiming , Huo Chunyan , Huang Jin
Published: July 2023

Inpatients are more likely to have inadequate bowel preparation compared to outpatients. Although experts recommend 4L split polyethylene glycol (PEG) preparation, bowel preparation with castor oil (CaO) was recently found to reduce the volume of solution required. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cleansing effect and safety of 2L-PEG with Cao in bowel preparation among inpatients.

Our study retrospectively analyzed the medical records and colonoscopy reports of inpatients (n = 1251) who underwent colonoscopy in the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and the inpatients were divided into 2L-PEG-CaO and 4L-PEG group according to different bowel preparation protocols. Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) is used to assess bowel preparation efficacy before colonoscopy. Furthermore, we also calculated other outcomes, such as polyp or adenoma detection rates and adverse events. A total of 1251 patients undergoing colonoscopy were included in this study, 738 were taken 4L-PEG and 513 2L-PEG-CaO. Both inpatients groups were matched for baseline characteristics. The 2L-PEG-CaO group was significantly higher than the 4L-PEG group on both BBPS (7.26 ± 1.75 vs 7.06 ± 1.58, P = .043) and adequate bowel cleansing rates (83.2% vs 77.4%, P = .011). Regarding adverse events, the 4L-PEG group was significantly higher than the 2L-PEG-CaO group on the incidence of abdominal fullness (6.4% vs 9.6%, P = .045) and adverse events (33.7% vs 28.5%, P = .048). The 2L split PEG with CaO preparation increased quality of bowel cleansing and improved tolerance in inpatients. Bowel preparation with 2L-PEG-CaO is suitable alternative to traditional 4L split PEG bowel preparation for colonoscopy of inpatients.
A prospective randomized noninferiority trial comparing conventional smears and SurePathTM liquid-based cytology in endoscopic ultrasound-guided sampling of esophageal, gastric, and duodenal lesions
Authors: Jun Jae Chang , Lee Sang Hyub , Lee Han Myung , Kim Sang Gyun , Chung Hyunsoo , Kim Joo Seong , Park Namyoung , Choi Jin Ho , Kwak Yoonjin , Cho Soo-Jeong
Published: July 2023

Background:

Several liquid-based cytology (LBC) methods are currently used, but the diagnostic accuracy of each method is not well known. We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of SurePathTM LBC and conventional smear (CS) cytology in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) samples of esophageal, gastric, and duodenal lesions.

Methods:

As a prospective randomized noninferiority study, patients who needed EUS-FNA due to subepithelial mass in the upper gastrointestinal tract were randomly assigned 1:1 to the LBC and CS groups. Cytologic preparation was carried out using a crossover design where 1 method was used for the first needle-pass sample and another method was used for the second needle-pass sample. The primary outcome was to compare the diagnostic performance between LBC and CS using the final diagnosis as the gold standard.

Results:

A total of 87 patients were randomized and 60 patients were analyzed. There were no differences between LBC and CS in diagnostic accuracy (91.7% vs 86.7%, P = .380), sensitivity (97.7% vs 90.7%, P = .169), specificity (76.5% vs 76.5%, P > .99), negative predictive value (92.9% vs 76.5%, P = .225), or positive predictive value (91.3% vs 90.7%, P = .921). The background of LBC was less bloody than that of CSs (5.0% vs 53.3%, P < .001) and the sample preparation time of LBC was shorter than that of CSs (29 ± 7 seconds vs 90 ± 17 seconds, P < .001).

Conclusion:

In the EUS-FNA of a subepithelial mass in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the diagnostic performance of LBC was not inferior to that of CS. The field of view was better in LBC, because the background was less bloody and necrotic. As LBC is more convenient to perform and takes shorter time, it is expected that it can replace the CS method for EUS-FNA samples.
Exploring the active components and mechanism of modified bazhen decoction in treatment of chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Xu Zhongbo , Shen Manyang , Li Lin
Published: July 2023

Modified bazhen decoction (MBZD) is a classical Chinese medicine formula with potential efficacy in the treatment of chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI), and its main components and potential mechanisms are still unclear. The study aimed to investigate the active ingredients and mechanism of action of MBZD in treating CCCI through network pharmacology combined with molecular docking. The chemical composition and targets of 11 Chinese herbs in MBZD were retrieved utilizing the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform platform, and the targets for CCCI were screened by Genecards, online mendelian inheritance in man, therapeutic target database, and comparative toxicogenomics database databases. The targets were genetically annotated with the Uniprot database. We created a compound-target network employing Cytoscape software and screened the core targets for the treatment of CCCI by CytoNCA clustering analysis; the AutoDock Vina program performed molecular docking study of crucial targets. One thousand one hundred ninety-one active compounds were obtained, 2210 corresponding targets were predicted, 4971 CCCI-related targets were obtained, and 136 intersecting genes were identified between them. The central core targets were IL6, MAPK14, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, RELA, VEGFA, CCND1, CASP3, AR, FOS, JUN, EGFR, MAPK1, AKT1, MYC, and ESR1; gene ontology functional enrichment analysis yielded 911 gene ontology items (P < .01), while Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment yielded 138 signal pathways (P < .01), primarily including oxidative reactions, vascular regulation, apoptosis, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The molecular docking results showed that the core active component of MBZD had good binding with the main target.

This research initially uncovered the mechanism of action of MBZD via multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway for the treatment of CCCI, providing the theoretical basis for the clinical application of MBZD.
Research on care preferences for the elderly and influencing factors in Zhejiang Province: A statistical and geographical approach
Authors: Du Jiusheng , Wang Yu , Feng Yunchao , Liu Dingming , Yuan Wenbin
Published: July 2023

The aging of the population is becoming an increasingly severe issue. How can we develop caring services for the elderly and promote healthy aging? Investigating care preferences is an essential step in addressing this issue. A self-designed questionnaire was employed to collect data online. The impact of personal circumstances on care preferences was ascertained using the chi-squared test and multivariate logistic regression. An optimal parameters-based geographical detector was introduced to examine the influence of spatially heterogeneous regional factors on care preferences. The online survey produced 1178 valid questionnaires. Home-based elderly care was the preference of 91.9% of respondents, followed by community-based care and medical-nursing care; institutional care was the least preferred alternative. Age, education, living style, and health states of the elderly significantly influenced the preferred care option. When compared to home-based elderly care, older respondents (odds ratio [OR] = 3.776) preferred institutional care, highly educated respondents preferred community-based care (higher education: OR = 5.206; secondary education: OR = 3.049) and medical-nursing care (higher education: OR = 4.484); the elderly living alone (OR = 0.101) excluded institutional care, and the elderly living with their children excluded non-family care method of institutional care (OR = 0.031) and medical-nursing care (OR = 0.391). Regional medical resources and old-age security significantly affect the preferences of the elderly (q-statistic [q] > 0.5); local economic development significantly affects community-based care (q > 0.6); the availability of financial subsidies significantly affects home-based care and medical-nursing care (q > 0.9); and the availability of institutional resources significantly affects the preference for institutional care (q > 0.8). We found that it is necessary to improve the level of medical care given by non-family members and care facilities, vigorously develop new methods of elderly care, promote humanistic care in non-family care settings, and increase available regional medical resources, financial subsidies, and social security. This study integrates economic and social perspectives to examine and analyze retirement willingness, thereby broadening the scope of social surveys and research methodologies, and offering valuable insights with potential directive implications.
Upregulation and the clinical significance of KCNQ1OT1 and HAGLROS lncRNAs in papillary thyroid cancer: An observational study
Authors: Mutlu Icduygu Fadime , Akgun Egemen , Ozgoz Asuman , Hekimler Ozturk Kuyas , Sengul Demet , Alp Ebru
Published: July 2023

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in regulating gene expression. Changes in their expression have been associated with many types of cancer, including thyroid cancer. This study aimed to investigate how changes in the expression of potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) and HAGLR opposite strand lncRNA (HAGLROS) lncRNAs correlate with the development and clinicopathological characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate the expression of lncRNAs in both tumor and adjacent normal thyroid tissue samples of the patients. Expressions of KCNQ1OT1 and HAGLROS were upregulated in the patients tumor samples compared to the adjacent normal thyroid samples. KCNQ1OT1 expression was linked to microcarcinoma and gender, while HAGLROS expression was linked to microcarcinoma and tumor size. When only microcarcinoma samples were evaluated, KCNQ1OT1 expression was higher in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues; however, no significant difference was observed in HAGLROS expression. Our data suggests that high expressions of KCNQ1OT1 and HAGLROS might contribute to the development of PTC and disease progression, and both lncRNAs may be potential therapeutic targets in PTC patients.
Efficacy of perioperative cryotherapy combined with intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Huang Xiao , Li Fulin , Shi Weifa , Liu Wenhui , Huang Wenwen , Yin Dong
Published: July 2023

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative cryotherapy combined with intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and explore a new strategy of enhanced recovery after TKA.

Methods:

We randomly divided 200 patients into 4 groups: normal saline (10 mL) by drainage (Group A, placebo); intra-articular injection of TXA (1 g, 10 mL, Group B); normal saline (10 mL) and continuous cryotherapy postoperatively (Group C) and intra-articular injection of TXA (1 g, 10 mL) and continuous cryotherapy postoperatively (Group D). Primary outcomes were blood loss volume, postoperative pain and circumference variation. We also recorded consumption of analgesics, postoperative length of stay (p-LOS), range of motion (ROM), function score (Hospital for Special Surgery) and severe complications.

Results:

There were statistically significant differences in postoperative drainage volume, total blood loss, hidden blood loss, and visual analogue scale at rest and walking on postoperative day 1 (POD1), POD2, POD3, ROM (POD3, 7, discharge, postoperative month), circumference variation (POD3, 7), p-LOS, Hospital for Special Surgery score (discharge) and drop of hemoglobin on POD3 (P < .05) among 4 groups, but there were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative prothrombin, activated partial thromboplastin time, overall number of patients or total consumption of oxycodone and perioperative complications (e.g., incidence of surgical site infection, deep venous thrombosis, and cold injury) among them (P > .05).

Conclusion:

Continuous cryotherapy combined with intra-articular injection of TXA provides short-term advantages in reducing blood loss, pain, postoperative swelling, p-LOS and increasing ROM and joint function in the early postoperative period after TKA without increasing any severe complications.
Comparison of the effects of 5 and 10 L/minute fresh gas flow on emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Park Jun-Young , Yu Jihion , Kim Chan-Sik , Baek Ji-Won , Jo Yonggyeong , Kim Young-Kug
Published: July 2023

Background:

A high fresh gas flow of >5 L/minute is commonly used for emergence from inhalation anesthesia. In addition, a high fresh gas flow may have detrimental effects on climate change. However, no study has determined the optimal fresh gas flow for emergence from inhalation anesthesia. Therefore, we compared the effect of fresh gas flows of 5 L/minute and 10 L/minute on emergence time from sevoflurane anesthesia.

Methods:

Patients who were scheduled for transurethral resection of bladder tumor were randomly assigned to receive fresh gas flows of 5 L/minute (group 5) or 10 L/minute (group 10) during emergence. Emergence time was defined as the time from discontinuation of sevoflurane to tracheal extubation. The primary outcome was the emergence time, and the secondary outcomes were the time to self-movement and the time to eye-opening.

Results:

A total of 54 patients were included. In groups 5 and 10, emergence time (12.1 ± 2.9 minutes vs 11.1 ± 2.7 minutes, respectively; P = .232), time to self-movement (9.4 ± 3.8 minutes vs 8.5 ± 4.6 minutes, respectively; P = .435), and time to eye-opening (11.5 ± 3.1 minute vs 10.6 ± 3.0 minutes, respectively; P = .252) were not significantly different.

Conclusions:

Emergence time, time to self-movement, and time to eye opening were not significantly different between fresh gas flow rates of 5 L/minute and 10 L/minute in transurethral resection of bladder tumor, thus suggesting that fresh gas flow of 5 L/minute is sufficient for emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia.

Trial registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05376631).
Effect of indwelling depth of peripheral intravenous catheters on thrombophlebitis
Authors: He Chenghong , Shi Yujing , Jia Xu , Wu Xihui , Xing Qian , Liang Liang , Ju Mengyang , Di Xiaoke , Xia Yin , Chen Xiaojiao , Shen Jun
Published: July 2023

To clarify the effect of catheter indwelling depth on the occurrence of thrombophlebitis, a total of 339 hospitalized patients were randomly enrolled and divided by the catheter indwelling depth into 2 groups. Then the effect of indwelling depth on thrombophlebitis was analyzed, and the independent influence factors on the occurrence of thrombophlebitis were clarified. There were 49 cases of thrombophlebitis, including 8 tumor-bearing patients and 41 patients with lung infection. Thirteen of the 135 patients with indwelling depth of 1 cm, and 36 of the 204 patients with indwelling depth of 1.9 cm suffered thrombophlebitis. The relationship between incidence rate of thrombophlebitis and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. It was found the incidence of thrombophlebitis was significantly correlated with males (X2 = 5.77), lung infection (X2 = 7.79), and indwelling depth of 1.9 cm (X2 = 4.223). Multifactor analysis of variance showed the significant independent risk factors of thrombophlebitis were male [hazard ratio (HR) 3.12 (1.39–6.98)], and lung infection (HR 0.22 [0.06–0.69]), and the indwelling depth of 1.9 cm affected the occurrence of thrombophlebitis (HR 0.79 [0.42 –3.09]) but was not an independent risk factor. In our treatment center, while appropriate fixation was ensured, the catheter indwelling depth shall be as short as possible, so as to reduce the occurrence of thrombophlebitis. For patients with lung infection, nursing at the intubation site shall be strengthened, so as to decrease thrombophlebitis.
Status and influencing factors of frailty in patients with restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for peripheral arterial disease: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhu Zhiping , Yu Huiqin , Jiang Min , Wu Huangjun , Wang Junxiu , Xu Fen
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to investigate the frailty of patients with restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for peripheral arterial disease, explore the influencing factors, and determine its key factors to take targeted care measures and provide a basis for further interventional care. We recruited as many eligible subjects as possible and a total of 106 patients with restenosis after PTA for peripheral arterial disease in our hospital finished this study from January 2016 to August 2021. The Shorter 12-item version of health-related quality of life scale, Chinese Tilburg debility scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale and activities of daily living score scale were used for investigation, and the independent influencing factors of patients’ frailty were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The incidence of frailty in restenosis after PTA was 72.6%. Logistic regression analysis found that high levels of C-reactive protein (odds ratios [OR] = 1.080, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.012–1.153), diabetes (OR = 2.531, 95% CI 1.024–6.257) and advanced age (OR = 1.170, 95% CI 1.042–1.314) were risk factors for restenosis patients frailty, and higher scores of shorter 12-item version of health-related quality of life scale (OR = 0.889, 95% CI 0.813–0.973) was a protective factor for frailty in these patients. The incidence of debilitation in patients with restenosis after PTA for peripheral arterial disease is high, and high C-reactive protein levels, diabetes mellitus and advanced age are significantly associated with restenosis patients. Improving the quality of life of restenosis patients can reduce the occurrence of frailty.
Data mining versus manual screening to select papers for inclusion in systematic reviews: a novel method to increase efficiency
Authors: Ierardi Elena , Eilbeck J. Chris , van Wijck Frederike , Ali Myzoon , Coupar Fiona
Published: July 2023

Systematic reviews rely on identification of studies, initially through electronic searches yielding potentially thousands of studies, and then reviewer-led screening studies for inclusion. This standard method is time- and resource-intensive.

We designed and applied an algorithm written in Python involving computer-aided identification of keywords within each paper for an exemplar systematic review of arm impairment after stroke. The standard method involved reading each abstract searching for these keywords. We compared the methods in terms of accuracy in identification of keywords, abstracts’ eligibility, and time taken to make a decision about eligibility. For external validation, we adapted the algorithm for a different systematic review, and compared eligible studies using the algorithm with those included in that review.

For the exemplar systematic review, the algorithm failed on 72 out of 2,789 documents retrieved (2.6%). Both methods identified the same 610 studies for inclusion. Based on a sample of 21 randomly selected abstracts, the standard screening took 1.58 ± 0.26 min per abstract. Computer output screening took 0.43 ± 0.14 min per abstract. The mean difference between the two methods was 1.15 min (P < 0.0001), saving 73% per abstract.

For the other systematic review, use of the algorithm resulted in the same studies being identified. One study was excluded based on the interpretation of the comparison intervention.

Our purpose-built software was an accurate and significantly time-saving method for identifying eligible abstracts for inclusion in systematic reviews. This novel method could be adapted for other systematic reviews in future for the benefit of authors, reviewers and editors.
An Automated Model Annotation System (AMAS) for SBML Models
Authors: Shin Woosub , Gennari John H. , Hellerstein Joseph L. , Sauro Herbert M.
Published: July 2023

Motivation

Annotations of biochemical models provide details of chemical species, documentation of chemical reactions, and other essential information. Unfortunately, the vast majority of biochemical models have few, if any, annotations, or the annotations provide insufficient detail to understand the limitations of the model. The quality and quantity of annotations can be improved by developing tools that recommend annotations. For example, recommender tools have been developed for annotations of genes. Although annotating genes is conceptually similar to annotating biochemical models, there are important technical differences that make it difficult to directly apply this prior work.

Results

We present AMAS, a system that predicts annotations for elements of models represented in the Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) community standard. We provide a general framework for predicting model annotations for a query element based on a database of annotated reference elements and a match score function that calculates the similarity between the query element and reference elements. The framework is instantiated to specific element types (e.g., species, reactions) by specifying the reference database (e.g., ChEBI for species) and the match score function (e.g., string similarity). We analyze the computational efficiency and prediction quality of AMAS for species and reactions in BiGG and BioModels and find that it has sub-second response times and accuracy between 80% and 95% depending on specifics of what is predicted. We have incorporated AMAS into an open-source, pip-installable Python package that can run as a command-line tool that predicts and adds annotations to species and reactions to an SBML model.

Availability

Our project is hosted athttps://github.com/sys-bio/AMAS, where we provide examples, documentation, and source code files. Our source code is licensed under the MIT open-source license.

Contact

hsauro@uw.edu

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available online.
Minero‐chemical and provenance analysis of Achaemenian lapis lazuli cylinders from Persepolis
Authors: Oudbashi Omid , Hessari Morteza , Shekofteh Atefeh
Published: July 2023

Five archaeological plain cylinders made of lapis lazuli found in excavations at the Persepolis World Heritage Site (c.550–330 BCE) were analysed using wavelength‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy techniques with the goal of characterizing the chemical–mineralogical composition and identifying the possible provenance of raw materials. Results show that these objects are made of identical resources or mines. A comparison with available data from archaeological sites and ancient quarry sites shows that these finds may have been produced from lapis lazuli from east of the Iranian Plateau (Badakhshan in Afghanistan), as they resemble several ancient objects of Iran. The results of this study suggest that Persian artists also used the ancient East‐to‐West trade route for supplying raw material to produce decorative objects made of lapis lazuli.
Expectations of treatment outcome in complex cases of patients with chronic pain: A study on the DATAPAIN cohort
Authors: Waardenburg Sophie , de Meij Nelleke , van Kuijk Sander M. J. , Van Zundert Jan , Brouwer Brigitte A.
Published: July 2023

Background

A better insight in how the biopsychosocial factors influence patient outcome(s) may provide information that helps selecting the optimal pain management for a specific group.

Methods

Categorization was made in the prospective DATAPAIN registry, in which patients with pain severity (Numeric Rating Scale [NRS]: 7–10), depression or anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: > 10), and pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale: > 31) were identified as complex cases. Patient outcomes; treatment satisfaction on the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), pain relief (NRS), pain interference on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and quality of life indicator General Perceived Health (GPH) were evaluated. Logistic regression analyzed if belonging to the complex cases showed modification in the outcome of the PGIC and GPH. Linear regression was observed if complex cases differed in average reduction in pain relief and interference compared to non‐complex cases.

Results

1637 patients were included, of which 345 (21.08%) were considered complex cases. The changes in scores of pain relief and BPI active subscale were not significantly different between groups. The BPI affective subscale had a different change in score (−0.509; p: 0.002). The complex cases had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.36–0.77) on treatment satisfaction compared to non‐complex cases, and an OR of 0.28 (95% CI: 0.11–0.56) on the GPH.

Conclusion

When treating patients with complex cases, desired treatment outcome(s) should be recognized by specialists and patients, as these may be less likely to occur.
Natural variation of MS2 confers male fertility and drives hybrid breeding in soybean
Authors: Fang Xiaolong , Feng Xiangchi , Sun Xiaoyuan , Yang Xiangdong , Li Qing , Yang Xulei , Xu Jie , Zhou Minghui , Lin Chunjing , Sui Yi , Zhao Limei , Liu Baohui , Kong Fanjiang , Zhang Chunbao , Li Meina
Published: July 2023

A complete and genetically stable male sterile line with high outcrossing rate is a prerequisite for the development of commercial hybrid soybean. It was reported in the last century that the soybean male sterile ms2 mutant has the highest record with seed set. Here we report the cloning and characterization of the MS2 gene in soybean, which encodes a protein that is specifically expressed in the anther. MS2 functions in the tapetum and microspore by directly regulating genes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and the lipid metabolism, which is essential for the formation of microspore cell wall. Through comparison of the field performance with the widely used male sterile mutants in the same genetic background, we demonstrated that the ms2 mutant conducts the best in outcrossing rate and makes it an ideal tool in building a cost‐effective hybrid system for soybean.
RELIGION, SPIRITUALITY, AND MENTAL HEALTH AMONG SCIENTISTS DURING THE PANDEMIC: A FOUR‐COUNTRY STUDY
Authors: Di Di , Cranney Stephen , Vaidyanathan Brandon , Fitzgerald Caitlin Anne
Published: July 2023

A vast body of research shows largely positive associations between religiosity/spirituality (R/S) and positive well‐being outcomes. Such research has examined religious communities and general populations, but little is known about the relationship between R/S and well‐being among scientists, who typically tend to be less religious than the general public. Drawing on nationally representative survey data on physicists and biologists in India, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States (N = 3442), this study examines whether the relationship between R/S and mental health holds for scientists, particularly during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We find that net of statistical controls, higher levels of religious and spiritual commitment are associated with significantly higher levels of well‐being and lower levels of psychological distress. Overall, the results indicate that a positive relationship between R/S and mental health holds even for scientists. The study's findings have implications for future analysis of the relationship between R/S and the well‐being of people working in other professions.
Global-scale random bottom pressure fluctuations from oceanic intrinsic variability
Authors: Zhao Mengnan , Ponte Rui M. , Penduff Thierry
Published: July 2023

Intrinsic processes such as mesoscale turbulence have recently been proved as important as atmospheric variability in causing variations in ocean bottom pressure (
p
b
). Intrinsic processes are also known to generate random variability on scales larger than the mesoscale through inverse energy cascades or large-scale baroclinic instability. Here, model analyses reveal a truly global-scale, intrinsic
p
b
mode of variability at monthly time scales that relies on a different mechanism. The intrinsic mode has largest amplitudes around Drake Passage and opposite polarity between the Southern Ocean and Atlantic/Arctic oceans. Its signature is consistent with localized eddy-driven
p
b
anomalies of opposite sign near Drake Passage that then adjust freely in the rest of the ocean via barotropic wave processes. This intrinsic mode seems consistent with observed
p
b
variability.
Applications in Biomedicine and Fabrication Using Plasma and Nanomaterials
Authors: Jassim Rafal H. , Abdalameer Nisreen Kh. , Jebur Eman Kadum
Published: July 2023

A comprehensive analysis of the individual plasma characteristics and the physical processes involved in the organization of nanoscale solid-state systems throughout a wide spectrum of elemental composition, structural configuration, and dimensionality is presented here. As a result of these phenomena, it may be possible to localize and regulate matter and energy at the nanoscale and to create self-organized nanosolids with exceptional and unique properties. The introduction of a unified conceptual framework that is based on the regulation of the creation, transport, and self-organization of precursor species is followed by the explanation of a number of plasma-specific nonequilibrium and kinetics-driven phenomena that occur over a wide range of temporal and geographical scales. When the plasma is brought down to dimensions of micrometers and nanometers, new emergent phenomena come into play. Examples include chirality-controlled single-walled carbon nanotubes, semiconducting quantum dots and nanowires, ultra-fine manipulation of graphenes, nanodiamonds, and organic matter, as well as nanoplasma effects and nanoplasmas of various states of matter. Over the last several years, there has been intense research into the use of plasma medicine. Due to the vast range of cancer cell selectivity, treating every form of cancer is still a challenging endeavor for medical professionals. Plasma jets and dielectric barrier discharges are two examples of the many varieties of nonthermal plasma devices that have been developed as a result of research in more sophisticated forms of plasma physics. When nonthermal plasma is brought into contact with biological material, a great number of charged particles and reactive species are produced. The primary components consist of plasma ultra-violets, reactive nitrogen species, and reactive oxygen species. These species may be employed alone or in combination with nanomaterials in a variety of biomedical applications that aim to improve human health. They may also be used in the synthesis of nanomaterials with physiological significance. Several different biomedical applications are described in relation to the synergy that may be achieved between plasma and nanomaterials in this study, along with new developments in plasma-based synthesis of physiologically relevant nanomaterials.