bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New lower bound for the minimal number of edges of simple uniform hypergraph without the property Bk
Authors: Demidovich Yury A.
Published: June 2022

A hypergraph H = (V, E) has the property Bk
if there exists an assignment of two colors to V such that each edge contains at least k vertices of each color. A hypergraph is called simple if every two edges of it have at most one common vertex. We obtain a new lower bound for the minimal number of edges of n-uniform simple hypergraph without the property Bk
.
Tissue concentration of aldosterone in fetal adrenals of intrauterine death cases
Authors: Dwivedi Daisy , Chander Bal
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Fetal adrenals are one of the main organs responsible for maturation and survival. Extant literature is not clear about whether second trimester fetal adrenals are capable of synthesizing secreting aldosterone.

Methods

We have taken 20 adrenals from fetuses of intrauterine death cases. None of the fetuses had any external malformations and obstetric history was unremarkable. The organs were weighed and homogenized. The supernatant was used for aldosterone estimation by ELISA.

Results

We consistently detected aldosterone in all the cases including second trimester. However, we did not see any correlation between aldosterone concentration and gestational age. It is striking to note that there are wide variations in the tissue levels of aldosterone across different gestational ages and also same period.

Conclusions

Tissue aldosterone levels in second trimester can be possibly induced by stress preceding intrauterine deaths. It is possible that functional status of adrenal is different in intrauterine death cases as opposed to elective abortions in second trimester.
Difference schemes for second-order ordinary differential equations with corrector and predictor properties
Authors: Shaidurov Vladimir V. , Novikov Anton E.
Published: June 2022

A technique for constructing a sequence of difference schemes with the properties of a corrector and a predictor for integrating systems of the second-order ordinary differential equations is presented. The sequence of schemes begins with the explicit three-point Störmer method of the second order of approximation. Each subsequent scheme also implements the Störmer method corrected with additional terms calculated through the solution of the previous scheme. The stability of the resulting schemes and the increase in the order of convergence for the first of them are carefully substantiated. The results of calculations of the test problem are presented, confirming the increase in the order of accuracy of the constructed methods.
Die Herausbildung von Nationalstaaten und territoriale Religionsgeschichten: Analysen zur Schweiz und Österreich
Authors: Lehmann Karsten , Baumann Martin
Published: June 2022

Der Artikel argumentiert, dass die Fokussierung religionswissenschaftlicher Forschungen auf religiöse Gegenwartskulturen von einer kritischen Auseinandersetzung mit den Bedingungen von Nationalstaatlichkeit profitieren kann. Zwar setzten sich zahlreiche Studien mit den staatlichen und politischen Kontextbedingungen von Religionsgeschichte auseinander, doch fehlen dabei auffallend häufig Bezüge zu den aktuellen historischen und politikwissenschaftlichen Konzepten von Nation und Nationalstaat. In Anlehnung an die Historiker Florian Bieber, Christian Jansen und Henning Borggräfe definieren wir den Begriff der Nation als ein Narrativ, auf das sich Mitglieder einer Gemeinschaft geeinigt haben und das die Grundlage für den Prozess der Nationenbildung darstellt. Anhand von zwei Fallbeispielen zur Nationalstaatsbildung in der Schweiz und Österreich zeigen wir die unterschiedlichen Einflussdynamiken von herrschaftlicher Macht, Nationalstaatsbildung, transnationalen Dimensionen und Durchsetzung des als säkular konzipierten Rechts auf die Ausformung der Religionsgeschichten. Die vergleichende Analyse generalisiert die Befunde von Nationalstaat und Religionsgeschichte und benennt drei Impulse für die weitere Forschung.
Preparticipation Athletic Screening, Supervision, and Disqualification of Student- Athletes: Physician Trepidation of Legal Liability
Authors: R. Paterick Zachary , Patel Nachiket , E. Paterick Timothy
Published: June 2022

Physicians participate in screening, routine medical supervision, and the disqualification process of high school and college student athletes. Physicians and schools evaluating student-athletes for athletic participation should understand the meticulous medical process necessary to make eligibility/disqualification decisions, and the associated liability issues. It is the responsibility of a team physician to take a lead role in the sports teams’ medical evaluation process. The first duty of a team physician and institution is to protect the health and well being of their collegiate student athletes. The potential liability associated with the evaluation process requires that high schools and institutions of higher education work with their physicians to develop sound and reasonable administrative strategies regarding participation in athletics. Reducing the liability risk requires an understanding and compliance with the available medical guidelines and evolving judicial framework. It is imperative physicians understand case law and available medical guidelines. As medical professional standards evolve, so will responsibilities under legal standards. Liability issues regarding the preparticipation screening of athletes, their medical supervision, and their eligibility for and disqualification from participation are of increasing concern to the practicing medical community. Court cases involving athletic field morbidity and mortality have elucidated an evolving legal framework related to the alleged failure to properly diagnose, treat, qualify, or disqualify individuals from competitive sport. This manuscript will highlight liability cases involving cardiac, neurological, musculoskeletal, and heat illness issues. These cases will identify the importance of the standard of care in evaluation/disqualification, adherence to medical guidelines, and the need for diligent follow up in determining return to play issues.
Revision Lateral Collateral Ligament and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction with Internal Brace Augmentation in a Patient with Elevated BMI and A KD 4 Multiligament Knee Injury
Authors: Essilfie Anthony , Giordano James , “Rick” Hatch III George F.
Published: June 2022

The following case report is of a 36 year old female with a BMI of 43 with a Schenck Knee Dislocation (KD) 4 ligament us knee injury who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction with allograft that subsequently required revision lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and lateral capsule reconstruction with internal brace augmentation to treat persistent varus instability. Keywords: Multiligament; Knee; Injury; Internal; Brace; Dislocation
Valgus Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) Managed by Plaster Cast Immobilization Treatment: Seven Case Reports and Review of The Literature
Authors: M. S. Pinheiro Pedro Carlos de , Côrtes Salvio Vanessa dos Santos Madeira
Published: June 2022

Background: This report provides detailed information with illustrative examples of more than seven patients (eight hips) with one specific rare condition valgus of SCFE. The purpose of this study was to describe and comment on the complete analysis of seven cases of valgus SCFE. Patients and Methods: The research was performed based on the study of the following variables: clinical patient history, symptomatology and physical findings. Admission for anteroposterior (AP) view and Lauenstein [1] frog-leg position for lateral radiograph view of both hips (validated instrument) was performed. A retrospective review maintained data base of patients diagnosed with valgus SCFE was conducted. Patients with radiographically valgus SCFE were identified, confirmed and in the analysis, included. Medical records for clinical features, treatment, and outcomes, were reviewed. Results: Seven patients from the database were indentified: the patient average age at diagnosis was ten years and six months old, within follow up time of thirty six months. All valgus SCFE patients with localized disease with conservative treatment using cast immobilization were managed. Two hips showed evidences of chondrolysis; however just one patient presented juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) disease diagnosed. Conclusions: The hip joint in our series treated by plaster cast immobilization method to control the progressive valgus displacement of the epiphysis was effective and capable of being justified, and functional. Chondrolysis and its link as a complication were described. This research is justified by the importance and attention that the entity deserves. Keywords: SCFE; Coxa Valga; Plaster Cast Immobilization
Differences in the spectrum of steroidogenic enzyme inhibition between Osilodrostat and Metyrapone in ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome patients
Authors: Bonnet-Serrano Fidéline , Poirier Jonathan , Vaczlavik Anna , Laguillier-Morizot Christelle , Blanchet Benoît , Baron Stéphanie , Guignat Laurence , Bessiene Laura , Bricaire Léopoldine , Groussin Lionel , Assié Guillaume , Guibourdenche Jean , Bertherat Jérôme
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Osilodrostat is a new 11β-hydroxylase inhibitor with a mode of action analogous to Metyrapone. The objective of this study was to compare steroidogenic profiles in patients treated with either Osilodrostat or Metyrapone for adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS).

Methods

Patients followed up at Cochin hospital Endocrinology department between March 2019 and December 2021 for an ACTH-dependent CS, controlled by either Osilodrostat or Metyrapone, were included. A serum profile of five steroids (cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione and testosterone) was determined using UPLC- tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Results

Nineteen patients treated with Osilodrostat, eight patients treated with Metyrapone and six patients treated with consecutive Metyrapone then Osilodrostat were included. Hypocortisolism (basal cortisol <100 nmol/L) was found in 48% of patients treated with Osilodrostat and 7% of patients treated with Metyrapone. 11-deoxycortisol and androstenedione levels were higher in patients treated with Metyrapone (80.9 (2.2–688.4) and 14.9 (2.5–54.3) nmol/L, respectively) than in patients treated with Osilodrostat (10.3 (0.5–71.9) and 4.0 (0.3–13.3) nmol/L) (P = 0.0009 and P = 0.0005). Testosterone level in women was also higher in Metyrapone group (3.3 (0.93–4.82) nmol/L vs 1.31(0.13–5.09) nmol/L, P = 0.0146). CYP11B1 activity (11-deoxycortisol/cortisol) was not significantly different between the two groups. CYP21A2 activity (17OHprogesterone/11-deoxycortisol) and CYP17A1 activity (17OHprogesterone/androstenedione) were significantly decreased in Osilodrostat group (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion

In patients with ACTH-dependent CS, the use of CYP11B1 inhibitors in routine care suggests that Osilodrostat has a less specific effect on the inhibition of steroidogenic enzymes than Metyrapone. This might explain a smaller increase in 11-deoxycortisol and androgen levels in patients treated with Osilodrostat.
Rubén Darío en Mallorca, cara a cara con Dios
Authors: Argüello Lacayo José
Published: June 2022

En su novela autobiográfica, El oro de Mallorca, Rubén Darío desnuda su alma y muestra sus más hondas inquietudes religiosas. El presente artículo examina las vivencias del poeta durante su última y decisiva visita a la isla de Mallorca a fines de 1913. Allí hace balance de su vida, mientras se debate interiormente entre su anhelo de Dios y las debilidades y dudas que le acosan.
Habilidades técnicas en el ejercicio profesional de la ingeniería en Costa Rica: Un análisis neurocorrelativo
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez Juan Diego
Published: June 2022

El trabajo tiene como objetivo principal la definición de las correlaciones y afectación que las variables demográficas del género, edad y grado universitario tienen en las habilidades técnicas de la ingeniería. El artículo precisa un análisis basado en el cruce de datos referentes a un estudio de campo aplicado a una muestra aleatoria y probabilística de ingenieros activos en el ejercicio de su profesión en Costa Rica, presenta un abordaje de corte neuroinductivo y correlacional, en referencia a la preponderancia de las habilidades técnicas en el ejercicio profesional de la ingeniería. Se precisan las bases teóricas para el entendimiento de los factores neuroconductuales que definen el abordaje de una determinada habilidad técnica, para, posteriormente, ser analizadas de forma aplicativa en función de resultados cruzados, ligados a las variables demográficas de interés en los sujetos de estudio. Finaliza con el establecimiento de un estudio de correlaciones estadísticas múltiples en términos de las habilidades y elementos demográficos de interés tales como el grado académico y la edad. Resaltan las influencias directas que la edad y el grado manifiestan en las habilidades técnicas, con coeficientes promedio de 5.01 % y 3.45 %; se observa, a la vez, una correlación contraria en términos de habilidades como la matemática y la programación. Se establece una relación de interés, en donde las habilidades técnicas parecen estar relacionadas directamente con las variables independientes.
Conocimiento especializado para la enseñanza a través de la formulación de problemas en educación infantil
Authors: Martín-Díaz Juan Pedro , Montes Miguel
Published: June 2022

La formulación de problemas como actividad genuinamente matemática es una fuente inagotable de alternativas en el aula. Son muchos los autores que indican la importancia de esta práctica, así como instituciones como el National Council of Teaching of Mathematics. Pretendemos, a través de un estudio de caso, evidenciar las características del conocimiento movilizado por una maestra, al implementar una sesión de este tipo en 4 años de educación infantil, con énfasis en el conocimiento que usa para la planificación y puesta en práctica de la sesión. Para ello, utilizamos fragmentos de la grabación de la sesión de aula, acompañado de una entrevista posterior a la informante, con el objetivo de corroborar la información identificada durante el análisis de los datos extraídos de la sesión. El carácter específico matemático de esta actividad nos lleva a utilizar el modelo MTSK (Mathematics Teaching Specialized Knowledge) como referente para analizar el conocimiento especializado que una maestra de educación infantil moviliza durante una práctica de aula. Esta práctica se compone de dos tareas, ambas creadas y diseñadas por la maestra informante. Los resultados muestran aspectos relacionados con el MK (Mathematical Knowledge), pero, sobre todo, un predominio del PCK (Pedagogical Content Knowledge) evidenciándose, la importancia de este conocimiento en la etapa de educación infantil para implementar una sesión de formulación de problemas.
Poziom wiedzy personelu pielęgniarskiego bloku operacyjnego na temat ekspozycji zawodowej
Authors: Cichońska Małgorzata , Starowicz Beata , Maciąg Dorota , Borek Monika , Cichońska Karolina , Michalska Agnieszka
Published: June 2022

Wraz z postępem i rozwojem medycyny zwiększa się ilość inwazyjnych procedur medycznych, powstają coraz nowocześniejsze techniki operacyjne, co przekłada się na zwiększone ryzyko narażenia personelu medycznego na wystąpienie ekspozycji zawodowej. Cel Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena poziomu wiedzy personelu bloku operacyjnego na temat ekspozycji zawodowej. Materiał i metody W badaniu zrealizowanym w jednym ze szpitali w Małopolsce w okresie od 1 do 30 grudnia 2018 r. wzięło udział 83 osoby będące pracownikami bloku operacyjnego. Do realizacji badania wybrano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego, zastosowano technikę badania ankietowego, a narzędziem badawczym był autorski kwestionariusz anonimowej ankiety opracowany dla potrzeb badań, zawierający 25 pytań jednokrotnego wyboru. Dla potrzeb oceny poziomu wiedzy przyjęto klucz, według którego na podstawie liczby uzyskanych punktów oceniono wiedzę badanych na poziomie niedostatecznym, dostatecznym, wysokim lub bardzo wysokim. W celu wykazania zależności pomiędzy zmiennymi wyniki badań poddano analizie statystycznej. Wyniki Najliczniejszą grupę badanych stanowiły kobiety (98%), osoby w wieku 41–50 lat (35%), z wykształceniem wyższym licencjackim (45%). Wiedzę 48% ankietowanych oceniono jako niedostateczną, 23% jako dostateczną, 12% wysoką, zaś 17% jako bardzo wysoką. Stwierdzono zależności pomiędzy poziomem wiedzy a wiekiem, stażem pracy oraz zajmowanym stanowiskiem. Wnioski Wiedzę personelu pielęgniarskiego bloków operacyjnych na temat postępowania poekspozycyjnego oceniono jako dobrą. Najczęstszą przyczyną ekspozycji zawodowej w obszarze bloku operacyjnego było zranienie ostrym narzędziem. Najczęstszą przyczyną braku zgłoszenia zaistniałego zdarzenia była obawa przed konsekwencjami oraz nieznajomość procedury. Poziom wiedzy personelu bloku operacyjnego na temat procedury poekspozycyjnej zależy od wykształcenia zawodowego, stażu pracy, zajmowanego stanowiska oraz systemu pracy badanych. Otrzymane wyniki wykazały także zależności pomiędzy zachowaniem zwiększonej ostrożności podczas kontaktu z pacjentem a systemem pracy, pomiędzy zajmowanym stanowiskiem a częstością wykonywania procedury higienicznego mycia rąk podczas pracy, uczestnictwem w szkoleniach i kursach organizowanych w szpitalu na temat zapobiegania zakażeniom poekspozycyjnym oraz stażem pracy. Postępowanie poekspozycyjne i profilaktyka ekspozycji zawodowych wśród personelu medycznego wymagają permanentnej edukacji.
Zagrożenia infekcyjne w endoskopii
Authors: Skibińska Katarzyna
Published: June 2022

Endoskopia przewodu pokarmowego to badanie o różnym stopniu inwazyjności i ryzyku przeniesienia zakażenia. Ryzyko przeniesienia zakażenia zależy w dużym stopniu od odpowiedzialności personelu zajmującego się opracowaniem instrumentu. Wiedza personelu o zagrożeniach związanych z badaniem powinna obejmować nie tylko technologię opracowania endoskopu, ale także aktualną sytuację epidemiologiczną. Znajomość strategii zapobiegania rozprzestrzenianiu tych drobnoustrojów jest jednym z elementów skutecznej profilaktyki zakażeń w pracowni badań endoskopowych.
Çocuk Kol Rehabilitasyon Ölçeği’nin Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliği
Authors: ALTIN Fatma Nur , TARSUSLU ŞİMŞEK Tülay
Published: June 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, üst ekstremite rehabilitasyon değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan Çocuk Kol Rehabilitasyon Ölçeği’nin (ÇKRÖ) Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı.Yöntem: Çalışmaya, 5-16 yaş arasında, serebral palsili (SP) 69 (34 kız, 35 erkek) çocuk dahil edildi. Çocukların sosyo-demografik özellikleri ile ilgili veriler, araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan bir form ile sorgulandı. Çocukların üst ekstremite fonksiyonları Türkçe çevirisi yapılan ÇKRÖ ile değerlendirildi. Ölçeğin geçerliğinin belirlenebilmesi için yapı geçerliliği ÇKRÖ ve Elle İlgili Yetenek Ölçeği (EİYÖ-Çocuk) arasındaki korelasyon ile değerlendirildi. Güvenilirliğin belirlenebilmesi için iç tutarlılık ve zamana göre değişmezlik incelendi. İç tutarlılığın belirlenebilmesi için Cronbach Alfa değeri, zamana göre değişmezliğin belirlenebilmesi için test-tekrar test yöntemi ile ilk değerlendirmeden 14 gün sonra değerlendirmeler tekrar yapılarak sınıf İçi korelasyon katsayısının değeri hesaplandı. Bulgular: ÇKRÖ ve EİYÖ-Çocuk arasında mükemmel düzeyde pozitif yönde bir korelasyon olduğu belirlendi (r=0,917, p<0,001). ÇKRÖ’nün iç tutarlılığı yüksek bulundu (Cronbach Alfa=0,958). Test-tekrar test güvenilirliği ise çok yüksek (ICC=0,953) bulundu.Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları, ÇKRÖ’nün, üst ekstremite aktivite limitasyonunun değerlendirilmesinde kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğunu ortaya çıkardı.
Body image disturbance in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: correlation with deformity perception, trunk aesthetic, and quality of life
Authors: KINIKLI Gizem İrem , BAZANCİR Zilan , BEYDAĞI Muharrem , BOZGEYİK Sibel , GUNEY DENİZ Hande , DEMİRKIRAN Halil
Published: June 2022

Purpose: In adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis, a disturbance in body image is the one of main complaint. Hence, concerns related-body image perceptions may be related to the deformity perception, trunk aesthetics and daily functioning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the body image disturbance and its association among deformity perception, trunk aesthetic, and quality of life in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).Methods: A total of 105 patients with AIS were included in the study. Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire-Scoliosis (BIDQ-S) for body image disturbance, Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale (WRVAS) and Trunk Appearance Perception Scale (TAPS) for perception of patient’s deformity, Trunk Aesthetic Clinical Evaluation (TRACE) for trunk aesthetic and Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) for quality of life were used. Pearson Correlation test were used to compare the data obtained in the study.Results: The mean age of patients was 14.05±2.29 years, and the mean Cobb angles were 25.1±9.2° (ranged from 10° to 52°) for primary curve. The BIDQ-S demonstrated very good correlated to the SRS-22 total (r=-0.672, p<0.001) and pain domain (r=-0.631, p<0.001), the WRVAS (r=0.713, p<0.001), TAPS (r=0.672, p<0.001) and TRACE (r=0.614, p<0.001). There was a good correlation between BIDQ-S and other SRS-22 activity, image, and mental domains (r=-0.520; r=-0.518; r=-0.572, p<0.001). No correlation was found between BIDQ-S and the SRS-22 satisfaction domain (r=-0.102; p=0.296).Conclusion: Body image disturbances strongly related with the patients’ perception of deformity, trunk aesthetic, and quality of life.
Efecto de diferentes formas de aplicación del Quitomax® en el crecimiento del maíz
Authors: Blanco-Valdes Yaisys , Cartaya-Rubio Omar Enrique , Espina-Nápoles Meylen
Published: June 2022

Introducción. El maíz (Zea mays L.) es un cereal de alto consumo en el mundo, este precisa una adecuada fertilización para cubrir sus requerimientos nutricionales. El Quitomax® es un bioestimulante que se ha empleado con éxito en la estimulación del rendimiento de diferentes cultivos. Objetivo. Evaluar la efectividad de la aplicación de Quitomax® en el crecimiento del cultivo del maíz de la variedad Francisco mejorado. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó en áreas experimentales del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas, durante 2018 y 2019, sobre un suelo Ferralítico Rojo Lixiviado típico, eútrico, con un diseño experimental de bloques al azar con siete tratamientos y cuatro réplicas. Los tratamientos de Quitomax® aplicados fueron: imbibición de las semillas durante una hora en las concentraciones de 0, 5 y 1 g L-1, aspersión foliar a las concentraciones de 0, 5 y 1 g L-1, la combinación de ambas formas de aplicación y concentraciones y un testigo. Se evaluó el rendimiento y algunos de sus componentes. Resultados. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron en el tratamiento que combinó imbibición de la semilla y aspersión foliar (1 g L-1) (T6) de Quitomax®, con un rendimiento de 12 t ha-1, atlura de la planta (A.P) de 2,12 m, diámetro medio de la mazorca (DMM) y del tallo (D.T) de 50,74 mm y 30,62 mm, respectivamente, altura de la mazorca superior (AMS) de 1,13 cm, número de granos por hilera (NGH) y por mazorca (NGM) de 32,27 y 455,33, respectivamente, 17,53 cm de longitud de mazorca (LM), masa de cien granos (M100S) de 38,90 g y 175,46 g de masa total de los granos (MTSM). Este tratamiento mejoró la relación beneficio/costo y mostró mayores ganancias, aunque fue el más costoso. Conclusiones. La aplicación a las semillas y foliar de Quitomax® fue efectiva al aumentar y rendimiento y sus componentes en el cultivo de maíz.
A new approach to fuzzy partial metric spaces
Authors: GÜNER Elif , AYGÜN Halis
Published: June 2022

In this study, we aim to introduce the notion of fuzzy partial metric spaces which is a generalization of crisp partial metric spaces in the fuzzifying view with the distance between ordinary points. For this aim, we first present the concept of fuzzy partial metric spaces by considering the distance as non-negative, upper semi-continuous, normal and convex fuzzy numbers by giving examples. We obtain some useful inequalities under some restrictions in fuzzy partial metric spaces. Then we discuss the relationships with the other metric structures and we point out Banach's fixed point theorem as an application of the proposed properties and relations. Finally, we show that fuzzy partial metric spaces induce some $\alpha$-level topology, Lowen fuzzy topology, and fuzzifying topology.
REELEIÇÃO DE PREFEITOS E O ENFRENTAMENTO À PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 EM 2020
Authors: Peixoto Vitor , Leal João Gabriel Ribeiro Pessanha , Marques Larissa Martins , Souza Renato Barreto de
Published: June 2022

O sucesso ou o fracasso de candidatos à reeleição nas prefeituras nas eleições de 2020 foi determinado pelo contexto da pandemia? Para responder essa questão, testamos a influência de variáveis de cinco dimensões: características individuais dos postulantes, fatores políticos municipais, questões socioeconômicas e de governança, assim como indicadores contextuais da pandemia sobre o desempenho daqueles que tentaram renovar os seus mandatos. A pesquisa circunscreveu 3032 municípios em que prefeitos participaram da corrida eleitoral. Influenciaram positivamente a reeleição os seguintes fatores: tamanho da população, gastos de campanha e gastos em saúde e em educação. Com efeitos negativos, foram encontrados a competição eleitoral e o gênero do chefe do executivo. Concluiu-se que os aspectos que, de fato, determinaram a reeleição estão relacionados a atributos individuais do candidato e a características socioeconômicas e políticas do município, e não a fatores ligados diretamente à pandemia, como casos confirmados ou mesmo óbitos.
Design for safety among design professionals in the Botswana construction industry
Authors: Rantshilo Kgosi , Agyekum Kofi , Manu Patrick , Mahamadu Abdul-Majeed , Cheung Clara , Yunusa-Kaltungo Akilu
Published: June 2022

Design has been identified as a contributor to adverse occupational safety and health (OSH) outcomes in construction. In spite of this, relatively fewer studies have focused on design for safety (DfS) within developing countries; Botswana being a prime example. This research investigates the extent of DfS implementation in Botswana’s construction industry, and the factors that affect its implementation. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among design professionals (i.e., architects and civil/structural engineers) in the Botswana construction industry. Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results revealed that a majority of respondents are aware of the concept of DfS and respondents generally consider DfS to be of high importance. Furthermore, there is a high willingness to apply DfS and a high interest in undertaking DfS related professional development training, however, engagement in DfS practices is rather moderate and participation in DfS professional development training is low. Moreover, DfS legislation as well as industry guides are considered by designers to be the most influential factor for DfS implementation in Botswana. From the results, recommendations are given including the inclusion of DfS requirements in OSH legislation and provision of DfS industry guides by the relevant design professional bodies.
Understanding and learning from failure
Authors: Baker Henrietta , Smith Simon D , Velikova Milena , Masterton Gordon , Hewlett Bill
Published: June 2022

Failure is an intrinsic part of systems, including construction. While there is a less than consistent understanding of what failure is, it is an aspect of human nature that we wish to learn from mistakes. To gain insights into how failure is understood and what failure means in construction, and as a precursor to developing learning materials for higher education students, the outcomes of 19 semi-structured interviews with construction personnel in the UK are presented. The interviews explore processes employed by the construction industry to capture, understand and extract learning from these events, including an exploration of any perceived attitudes towards failure, and whether such attitudes are barriers or aids to effective learning in practice. Findings revealed different types of failure within the construction industry, manifested as separate and individually developed learning cycles, while attitudes towards failure impact the learning process. Two pairs of attitude stimuli were revealed: Ownership and Blame; Acceptance and Leadership. These findings are then used to provide learning tools for undergraduate students in built environment degree programmes. A taxonomy of failure was developed, incorporating three levels of causes, symptoms and consequences. A face validity exercise with industry experts provides the confidence to adopt this taxonomic approach.
Mawlawī Style Tarāwīḥ: Āyīn Mecmua for Tarāwīḥ from Kasımpaşa Mawlawī Lodge in the Context of Diversity
Authors: BENLİOĞLU Selman
Published: June 2022

Teravih namazının dört rekâtlık bölümlerinin farklı makamlardan tilavetle kılınması ile aralarında uygun ilahi ve salavatların okunması şeklindeki cami musikisi uygulaması teravih tertibi adıyla anılmaktadır. Tarihi süreciyle ilgili detaylı bilgi bulunmasa da özellikle son yüzyılda Ramazan ayının her gecesi için seçilmiş ilahilerin yer aldığı birkaç derleme kaleme alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada Kasımpaşa Mevlevîhânesi dervişlerinden Edirneli Ömer Efendi tarafından 1889’da hazırlanan, bugün Milli Kütüphane Yazmalar Koleksiyonu’nda A-1258 numarada kayıtlı, Ramazân-ı Şerîfe Mahsûs Âyîn-i Şerîf Mecmûası değerlendirilecektir. Mecmuanın diğer tertiplerden farkı, repertuvarın ağırlıklı olarak Mevlevî âyinlerinden seçilen pasajlardan oluşmasıdır. Yirmi altı gece için hazırlanan mecmuanın girişinde bir fihrist yer almaktadır. İlerleyen sayfalarda her gece için seçilen âyin pasajları ve az sayıdaki ilahinin güfteleri yazılmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle mecmuanın yapısı, düzeni ve kullanımı analiz edilmiştir. Ardından pasajlarının hangi Mevlevî âyinlerine ait olduğu tespit edilerek mecmuanın repertuvarı ortaya konmuştur. Buradan hareketle ilgili mecmua ile sonraki teravihe mahsus ilahi derlemelerinin mukayesesi yapılarak teravih tertibinde ortaya çıkan çeşitlilik tartışılmıştır.
Wael B. Hallaq. İmkânsız Devlet. çev. Aziz Hikmet
Authors: SALA Bedir
Published: June 2022

The concept of the Islamic state, which is one of the main debates of Islamism, was an important source of motivation for Islamist movements, especially during the cold war. The debates in this context mostly focus on how to establish a relationship between the secular character of the modern state and Islam. In this study, Wael B. Hallaq's book titled The Impossible State: Islam, Politics, and Modernity's Moral Predicament will be reviewed. The book keeps this discussion current and offers a different perspective. Hallaq's main thesis reveals why an Islamic state is not possible within the modern paradigm. Hallaq bases his thesis on the paradigm difference between modern law and Islamic law.
Abdullāh Ibn Abbās’s (d. 68/687) Corrections (Istidrāk) Regarding Inheritance
Authors: DEMİL Emine
Published: June 2022

Müksirûndan biri olan Abdullâh b. Abbâs 1660 hadis nakletmiş ve İslâmi ilimlerin farklı birçok alanlarıyla birlikte hadis ilmiyle temâyüz etmiştir. Kur’ân’daki incelikleri kavrayıp yorumlaması için Rasûlullah’ın özel duasına mazhar olan Abdullâh b. Abbâs, fetvaları oldukça meşhur fakih bir sahâbîdir. Rasûlullah’ın sünnetini anlamaya yönelik çabaları sahâbenin gözlemine bağlı olarak farklılık arz etmektedir. Ayrıca onların her birinin hadisleri anlayış ve kavrayışları aynı seviyede değildi. Bundan dolayı rivâyetler hususunda farklı anlayışlar, yorumlamalar, unutmalar ve yapılan hatalar sebebiyle sahâbe birbirini tenkit etmiştir. Büyük bir ilmi birikime sahip olan İbn Abbâs sahâbeden mirasa dair nakledilen bazı rivâyetleri, uygulama ve fetvaları düzeltmiş ve onları tenkit etmiştir. İbn Abbâs’ın hayatına ve hadis, tefsir ve fıkıh ilmindeki konumuna dair çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Ancak onun ferâiz hususundaki istidrâkleri hadis ilmi açısından incelenmemiştir. Araştırmamızda onun hadis ilmi çerçevesinde Rasûlullah’ın sözlerinin ve uygulamasının doğru anlaşılması için mirasa dair yaptığı istidrâkleri ele alınmıştır.
The Status of The Ash‛arism From The Destruction of The Great Seljuk to The Mongolic Invasion
Authors: YAVUZ Abdullah Ömer
Published: June 2022

İslam düşünce ekolleri olan mezheplerin tarihsel serüvenleri çok yönlü bir güzergâha sahiptir. Mezheplerin tarihsel gelişimlerini etkileyen farklı unsurlar bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda mezhep-siyaset ilişkisi bilindik bir öncül olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu araştırma, Büyük Selçukluların yıkılış sürecinden Moğol İstilasına kadarki sürede Eş‛arîliğin tarihsel gelişimini irdelemektedir. Bilindiği üzere Büyük Selçukluların kuruluş döneminde Horasan’dan uzaklaştırılan Eş‛arîler, yükselme devriyle tekrar bölgeye çağırıldılar. Sünnîliği merkeze alan siyasetin neticesinde Eş‛arîlik ön plana çıktı. Dolayısıyla Büyük Selçuklular ve Nizâmiye medreselerini merkeze alarak Eş‛arî düşüncenin ilerleyişini açıklamaya çalışmak yaygın bir kabul olarak ortaya çıktı. Selçuklu devletinin yıkılışından sonra Horasan ve Mâverâünnehir coğrafyasındaki çatışmalarla artan kaos ve istikrarsızlık dönemi yaşandı. Ardından Gurlular ve Harizmşahlar Selçuklu bakiyesi bu toprakları da kontrol eden iki büyük güç olarak ortaya çıktılar. Eş‛arîlik geleneğinin hem Gur bölgesine hem de Harizm şehirlerine taşınması mezhep-siyaset bağının bir neticesiydi. Kerrâmîliğin yaygın olduğu Gur bölgesinde siyasetin etkisiyle Eş‛arîlik kendisine alan buldu. Mu‛tezilî ve Hanefî düşüncenin güçlü olduğu Harizm bölgesinde de benzer tecrübelerin sonucunda Eş‛arîlik temsil edilmeye başlandı. Bir yandan Kerrâmîlerle öte taraftan Mu‛tezilîlerle fikri çatışmaların yaşanması ise Eş‛arî geleneğine dinamizm kazandırdı. Bu süreçte Fahreddîn er-Râzî, Eş‛arîliğin temsilini yüklenerek ilim meclislerindeki münazaralara katıldı. Ayrıca idarecilerle olan diyalogları onun hareket alanını genişletti.
Identificación de Anopheles spp. (Diptera:Culicidae) presentes en áreas endémicas de transmisión de malaria en Turbo, Antioquia y su infección con Plasmodium spp.
Authors: Zuleta-Ruiz Boris René , Gómez-Vargas Wilber , Ortiz-Reyes Adriana , Ruiz-López Freddy
Published: June 2022

La malaria es un grave problema de salud pública en Colombia, con Plasmodium falciparum y P. vivax como los parásitos responsables del 97% de los casos. En el año 2019 el departamento de Antioquia presentó 7076 casos de malaria, siendo el municipio de Turbo uno de los más afectados. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar las especies de Anopheles spp. presentes en áreas endémicas de transmisión de malaria en Turbo, Antioquia, y evaluar su infección natural con Plasmodium spp. Se realizaron cuatro muestreos entre 2015 y 2016; los mosquitos fueron recolectados en el intradomicilio, peridomicilio y animales de corral; además, se realizó búsqueda activa de especímenes inmaduros en criaderos naturales. Se recolectaron 121 mosquitos adultos, pertenecientes a cuatro especies, An. albimanus (n=117), An. triannulatus s.l. (n=1), An, apicimacula s.l. (n=1) y An. pseudopunctipennis s.l. (n=2). Igualmente, se recolectaron 65 larvas pertenecientes a tres especies, An. albimanus (n=58), An. triannulatus (n=1) y An. apicimacula (n=6). Ninguno de los especímenes recolectados fue encontrado infectado con Plasmodium. Anopheles albimanus podría ser el principal vector de malaria en las localidades estudiadas. Posiblemente, An. pseudopunctipennis s.l. puede jugar un papel en la transmisión de malaria en presencia de personas infectadas y con altas densidades. Las bajas densidades de mosquitos encontradas en este estudio indican que las estrategias de control desarrolladas en los años 2014-2015, por las instituciones de salud locales, con Bacillus sphaericus e insecticidas están resultando eficaces.
Extracción de ADN usando métodos mínimamente invasivos en Xenarthras, una contribución a su conservación.
Authors: Salazar Moscoso Yuly Marcela , Martínez Garro Juliana María , Guzmán González Pablo Andrés , Plese Tinka
Published: June 2022

Los Xenartrhas son un grupo de mamíferos de gran importancia histórica y ecológica originados en sur América. La implementación de técnicas en genética molecular en estos animales está en aumento y para ello los métodos de muestreo mínimamente invasivos son una herramienta exitosa para el monitoreo genético.

En esta investigación se comparó la calidad y cantidad de ADN obtenido de sangre, tejidos, saliva, pelos y heces, usando dos kits comerciales: PrepFiler™ y GeneJET™. La concentración pureza e integridad del ADN fueron evaluados usando espectrofotometría y electroforesis. Una ANOVA de dos factores mezclados y una prueba de comparaciones múltiples de Tukey se uso para comparar los diferentes métodos de extracción de ADN y a través de las diferentes muestras biológicas.

El mayor rendimiento de ADN fue obtenido para las muestras de tejido con el kit PrepFiler™, con una concentración media 5,25 ng/uL, una pureza de 1,87, y una banda definida en la electroforesis. Sin embargo, no recomendamos el uso de estas muestras en animales vivos.

El ADN obtenido de saliva con el kit PrepFiler™ ofrece resultados similares en términos de concentración (media 3,56 ng/uL), pureza de 1,85 e integridad; además, la prueba de comparación de Tukey mostró que no hay diferencias entre las muestras de saliva y sangre (p=0,01028); la obtención de muestras de saliva requiere menos intervención en los animales. Por esta razón, se concluye que la extracción de ADN usando el kit PrepFiler™ en muestras de saliva es la mejor opción para extracción de ADN de calidad en Xenartrhas.
Circular RNAs, a molecule with past and future
Authors: Arizaca Maquera Karol Andrea , Fernández-Álvarez Ana Julia
Published: June 2022

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of recently identified RNAs that are highly expressed in eukaryotes and conserved between species. Their biogenesis is described as a product of a process called back-splicing that occurs during pre-mRNA maturation, in which the binding 3' donor and 5' acceptor sites produce a circular molecule. Their closed-loop structure gives them greater stability and makes them resistant to degradation by some RNAsas in contrast to linear RNAs. Different functions of circRNAs have been postulated such as splicing competition against the gene from which they derive, miRNA sponges, regulators of CpG island methylation, or mediators in pAKT migration to the nucleus. Therefore, circRNAs are considered important post-transcriptional regulators for the regulation of cell survival and have been used as biomarkers in cancer diseases. Their abundance in neural tissue also relates them to the development of different pathologies of the nervous system that are shown in older people. The aim of this review is to summarize current concepts about circRNAs in eukaryotes, their possible functions and to highlight their importance in different systems such as cardiac, nervous, endocrine and digestive. Moreover, their impact on cardiogenesis, neurogenesis and cancer is discussed to be taken into account in molecular biology future research.
Estéticas de la resistencia: reimaginando la filosofía crítica desde las gramáticas de lo inaudito de María del Rosario Acosta López
Authors: Medina José
Published: June 2022

Este artículo analiza la innovadora forma de hacer filosofía crítica que María del Rosario Acosta López propone a través de su estética de la resistencia y las gramáticas de lo inaudito. El artículo examina las contribuciones de dos conversaciones con la filosofía de Acosta López. En primer lugar, poniendo en conversación la filosofía de la escucha radical de Acosta López con la filosofía feminista negra, se ofrece una defensa del reposicionamiento de la filosofía en el siglo veintiuno mediante el diálogo con las voces y perspectivas de los excluidos y silenciados, reimaginando así el papel crítico de la filosofía. En segundo lugar, el artículo destaca la importancia crucial de la estética de la resistencia de Acosta López para debates de epistemología política contemporánea, poniendo en conversación sus gramáticas de lo inaudito con mi epistemología de la resistencia y con la noción de comunicación compleja de María Lugones. En este segundo punto también se pone de relieve una nueva manera de entender la función crítica y transformadora de la filosofía al centrar las voces y perspectivas de los excluidos y silenciados.
Actividad física y trastornos del estado de ánimo en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Muñoz Ospina Beatriz , Carvajal Silvana , Osorio Julen , Melo Laura , Rueda-Toro Juan Sebastian
Published: June 2022

En Colombia, la prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión en jóvenes es de 19,7% y 52,9%, respectivamente, lo que converge con los resultados de la investigación Papel del ejercicio físico en el funcionamiento neurocognitivo de estudiantes universitarios, que permitió dar cuenta de que en una muestra de 143 estudiantes universitarios que practicaban actividad física, el 27.26% tenían depresión y el 56.62% tenían ansiedad en grados leve y severo. De esta manera, el objetivo del presente trabajo es reflexionar en torno a una revisión de la literatura científica relacionada con los trastornos del estado de ánimo y la actividad física en estudiantes universitarios. Se concluye que, tradicionalmente, se ha planteado que realizar actividad física favorece el incremento de los niveles de salud mental, pero debe ser considerada la existencia de otros factores que influyen significativamente en este fenómeno.
Lectura colaborativa de tablas de frecuencias: Análisis secuencial del proceso sociocognitivo
Authors: Castellaro Mariano , Roselli Néstor
Published: June 2022

El trabajo se inscribe en un programa general de investigación cuyo propósito es trasladar el estudio de la interacción entre pares al ámbito de la apropiación de diferentes sistemas externos de representación. Así pues, en el presente artículo de investigación científica y tecnológica se analiza el proceso sociocognitivo involucrado en la comprensión colaborativa de una tabla cruzada de frecuencias (en díadas), desde una perspectiva secuencial. Se diferenciaron tres fases: posicionamiento inicial frente a la consigna, elaboración y toma de decisión final. Participaron 120 díadas (240 estudiantes) de 6° y 7° grado, de la ciudad de Rosario y cercanías (Argentina). Las diferenciaciones principales refirieron al momento de elaboración. En general, predominó el acuerdo sobre el conflicto, sin fundamentación; cuando se registraron modalidades fundamentadas, predominaron las unilaterales; en los casos de conflicto, prevaleció su resolución relacional. Estas tendencias se acentuaron o debilitaron según menor o mayor dificultad del ítem. La composición sociocognitiva también registró diferenciaciones significativas en las fases de elaboración y resolución, oponiendo díadas simétricas avanzadas, respecto a las simétricas básicas y asimétricas. Los resultados condicen con los postulados de la teoría del conflicto sociocognitivo y se corroboran los niveles de comprensión reportados por la literatura.
Introduction to Critical and Creative Engagements with Petro-Media
Authors: Roehl Emily , Jekanowski Rachel Webb
Published: June 2022

The production of oil is imbricated in financial and socio-political systems as well as ways of mediating the worlds in which we live. Like infrastructures used to transport fuel, audio-visual media and other forms of cultural production (museums, poetry, film, visual art) can serve as conduits for ideas about energy, identity, relationships to the nonhuman world, and history. This special issue of Imaginations on “Critical and Creative Engagements with Petro-Media” explores how media has been used to examine petroleum’s place within Canadian and American cultural landscapes as well as oil’s attendant socio-political and economic structures. Given our location on occupied Indigenous territories where we work as researchers and educators, we assert that energy developments are always already implicated within histories of white settlement in North America. Drawing on literary and film studies, energy humanities scholarship, critical museum studies, and a variety of creative and analytical research methods, the contributors to this issue theorize contemporary and historical practices of corporate petro-media alongside creative interventions to trace the interlacing of oil, media, and settler colonialism.
Oil Topography: Weaving the World of Oil
Authors: Borsa Tomas , Beer Ruth
Published: June 2022

Taking inspiration from Pendakis and Wilson’s (2012) call to “sight, cite, and site” oil, in this piece we consider how interventions in artistic material practice can offer up complementary, and at times entirely unique, modes of engaging with the materialities of oil and petro-media. Building on conversations of the past several years, we make particular reference to Oil Topography (2014), a hand-woven jacquard tapestry created and produced by Ruth Beer.
Isotopic Poetics: The Petrocultural Appropriations of Lesley Battler’s Endangered Hydrocarbons
Authors: Karpinski Max
Published: June 2022

Lesley Battler’s Endangered Hydrocarbons (2015) broadens the scope of what might be considered a politicized ecopoetics. Battler’s collection, which I suggest works through a poetics of appropriation, links experimental poetic form with Anthropocene criticism in the humanities and critical studies of settler colonialism, addressing the contiguities between ecological degradation and land expropriation, while also making the appropriation of language one of its central formal concerns. In the context of the Canadian nation-state and its extractive economies, I argue that Battler’s “isotopic poetics” appears as a politically motivated formal praxis for working through the tangled exigencies of ongoing settler-colonial dispossession and the accelerating environmental crisis.
Relationship between Mothers Birth Spacing and Incidence of Stunting in Children 24 - 59 months
Authors: Fadilah Tubagus Ferdi , Eliafiana Ricko
Published: June 2022

Abstract: (1) Background: Stunting is one of the nutritional problems that occur in children under five years old. Based on maternal factors, the cause of stunting is a short birth spacing which results in a lack of energy recovery after giving birth to a previous child. This study aims to determine the relationship between birth spacing and stunting in children 24-59 months. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with a total of 130 children who with their parents attended monthly visits to the Public Health Center of Grogol Petamburan District West Jakarta, Indonesia in September-November 2019. Data were collected using z scores and questionnaires. The Chi-square test was performed for data analysis. (3) Results: The prevalence of stunting in this study was lower than the national prevalence and the incidence of stunting was higher in birth spacing below 2 years. Short interval birth spacing increases the risk of stunting. However, the relationship between childbirth spacing and incidence of stunting in children 24-59 months was not statistically significant. (4) Conclusions:  Short interval of birth spacing is not a direct cause of stunting as there are other related modifiable factors.