bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Krylov, Gnedich, and the Mythology of Friendship in Gogol’s The Tale of How Ivan Ivanovich Quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich
Authors: Lyamina Ekaterina E. , Samover Natalia V.
Published: March 2019

The paper questions the origins of Nikolai Gogol’s The Tale of How Ivan Ivanovich Quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich (1833) and its specific position in the Mirgorod collection. The authors identify and analyze an important and overlooked level of allusions of the tale—that of the literary everyday life of the Russian capital in 1820s–early 1830s, eagerly observed and “digested” by the young Gogol. The article demonstrates how and why the phenomenon of a long-term friendship between Nikolai Gnedich and Ivan Krylov, two prominent figures of literary St. Petersburg who were poets, librarians, and neighbors, was created by the neo-classical milieu of Alexey Olenin, the director of the Imperial Public Library. It also points out that the harmony of this cultural myth contrasted with the reality of the Gnedich-Krylov relationship (which faded away soon after Gnedich’s retirement and his move to another apartment), a development that was certainly known to Gogol. The main idea of The Tale of How Ivan Ivanovich Quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich—the sudden break in a great friendship followed by the destruction of the universe in which it flourished—seems to have been influenced by the tension created by the contrast between the men’s real relationship and the myth of their great friendship. The numerous features linking Ivan Ivanovich and Ivan Nikiforovich to Gnedich and Krylov, respectively, are not to be interpreted as a case of a direct prototypicality, however; Gogol’s paired friends-enemies also appear to reflect a development of themes from the Russian folklore bestiary.
The Influence of Byzantine Law on Serbian Medieval Law
Authors: Šarkić Srđan
Published: March 2019

Serbian law from the early 13th century developed under the direct influence of Byzantine law. Serbian jurists adopted Byzantine law through translations of Byzantine legal compilations. The first such translation was the Nomokanon of St. Sabba of 1219. St. Sabba’s Nomokanon contained ecclesiastical rules together with the canonist’s glosses, a translation of part of Justinian’s Novels, and the whole of the Procheiron of Basil I. Between 1349 and 1354, Serbian lawyers created a special Codex Tripartitus, codifying both Serbian and Byzantine law. The Russian scholar T. Florinsky noticed this as long ago as 1888, pointing out that in the oldest manuscripts, Dušan’s Code is always accompanied by two other compilations of Byzantine law: the abbreviated Syntagma of Matthew Blastares and the so-called Code of Justinian. In addition to translations of Byzantine legal miscellanies, Serbian lawyers also adopted a great number of the institutions of Roman law. However, Serbian jurists were not educated in Bologna so, as a consequence, Roman law was adopted in an indirect way, i.e., through Greek (Byzantine) translations and not from original Latin texts. Dušan’s Code, as the most important legal source of medieval Serbian law, took about sixty articles directly from the Basilica: the most important are articles 171 and 172.
On a Marginal Use of the Imperative in East Slavic Monuments of the 11th–15th Centuries
Authors: Pen’kova Yana A.
Published: March 2019

The paper is devoted to the marginal construction that appears to be a kind of hybrid of an imperative and the future perfect: the auxiliary verb has the form of the imperative mood and is used with an l-participle. The construction is semantically and structurally similar to the Slavic perfect and the Slavic future perfect, however it is attested only in some archaic translated Church Slavonic monuments represented by East Slavic copies from the 11th through the 15th centuries of South Slavic translations (these include the Catechetical Lectures of Cyril of Jerusalem and the Homily to the Entombment and the Resurrection of Jesus Christ by Gregory of Antioch, as a part of the Uspensky Sbornik of the 12th–13th century) or by East Slavic translations of the Story of Ahikar. The author of the article suggests different interpretations of the grammatical state of the construction in question and describes the advantages and disadvantages of each. The following interpretations are offered: 1) regarding the construction as a tracing of the original structure, 2) regarding it as an artificial rhetorical construction, and 3) regarding it as an analytical construction with an auxiliary verb in the imperative mood and the main verb in the form of an l-participle. It seems preferable not to regard the construction as a simple calque of the original structure but rather as a particular archaic perfect imperative periphrasis. It remains unclear, however, whether it was an exclusively literary structure and was used as a possible means of translating Greek constructions with éstō or if it could be used independently.
Zadonshchina, Ryazan, and the Moscow Princely Family
Authors: Lavrentyev Alexander V.
Published: March 2019

This paper is devoted to the history and controversies surrounding the outstanding representative of Russian medieval literature from the late 14th century, the famous Zadonshchina. This work glorifies the military victory of the united forces of the Russian troops, led by Grand Prince Dmitry Donskoy, over the Tatar army on 8 September 1380, at Kulikovo Field near the Don River. This article presents arguments in favor of a Ryazan origin of the Zadonshchina text; furthermore, the article offers an explanation of the presence in the text of two “protagonists,” Grand Prince Dmitry Ivanovich and his cousin, Vladimir Andreyevich the Bold, Prince of Serpukhov. The joint rule of the “brothers” was a result of deaths caused by the plague in the Moscow ruling house, which took the dynasty to the brink of extinction. This feature of the political situation is reflected in the Zadonshchina text.
Використання сидеральних культур як відновлюваного джерела енергії в органічному землеробстві
Authors: Горб О. О. , Чайка Т. О. , Яснолоб І. О.
Published: March 2019

У статті обґрунтовано актуальність використання сидеральних культур в органічному землеробстві. Виділено особливості їх використання для певних сільськогосподарських культур. Доведено переваги від використання зелених добрив і надано пропозиції щодо їх використання сільськогосподарським господарствам і фермерам. Наведено сидеральні культури в овочівництві та їх агротехнологічні особливості. Обґрунтовано форми кормовиробництва та застосування зелених добрив. Наведено кліматичні, ґрунтові та організаційно-економічні умови використання сидеральних культур.

The article substantiates the importance of using organic crops in organic farming. The peculiarities of their use for certain crops are highlighted. The advantages of using green fertilizers and suggestions for their use by farms and farmers have been proved. Sederal cultures in vegetable growing and their agrotechnological features are presented. The forms of fodder production and application of green fertilizers are substantiated. The climatic, soil, organizational and economic conditions of use of sederal cultures are presented.
Використання технологій точного землеробства та рослинництва під час визначення екологічно стабільних територій для органічного виробництва
Authors: Ласло О. О. , Диченко О. Ю.
Published: March 2019

У статті розглянуто доцільність та необхідність використання технологій точного землеробства в разі виділення екологічно стабільних територій для виробництва органічної продукції. Наведені результати досліджень доводять, що для зниження витрат на отримання одиниці якісної сільськогосподарської продукції та зменшення навантаження на навколишнє середовище створюються й використовуються точні технології на базі агрономічної системи урожайності. Для досягнення мети необхідно чітко встановити критерії та екологічні еталони для територій, враховуючи не лише характеристики ґрунтів, але й антропогенний вплив. Поєднання нових наукових технологій та останніх досягнень в аграрній галузі дає змогу розробити систему точного виробництва, як комплекс заходів вдосконалення процесів землеробства й рослинництва, основним завданням яких є виділення екологічно стабільних сировинних зон для виробництва органічної продукції.

The article examines the feasibility and need for precision farming technologies in the allocation of environmentally stable areas for the production of organic products. These results show that reducing the cost of obtaining a unit of quality agricultural products and reduce the burden on the environment are created and used precision technology system based on agronomic productivity.To achieve the objective should be clearly set criteria and standards for environmental areas, including not only the characteristics of the soil, but also human impact. The combination of new scientific technologies and the latest developments in the agricultural sector to develop a system enables precise production as a system of process improvement and crop farming, whose main task is the selection of environmentally sustainable raw material zones for the production of organic products.
Технологічні особливості утримання м'ясної худоби абердин-ангуської породи в зимовий період на відкритих майданчиках
Authors: Колісник О. І. , Прудніков В. Г. , Криворучко Ю. І. , Нагорний С. А.
Published: March 2019

Розглянуто питання необхідності коригування деяких  параметрів технології м’ясного скотарства з урахуванням впливу природно-кліматичних умов під час утримання худоби в зимовий період на вигульно-кормових майданчиках без використання капітальних приміщень. Абердин-ангуська порода добре пристосована до впливу низьких температур, але в зимовий період опади у вигляді дощу та мокрого снігу з холодним вологим вітром, негативно впливають на інтенсивність росту тварин. Для запобігання зменшення продуктивності худоби необхідно збільшувати внесення кількості солом’яної підстилки  на одну голову до 7 кг за добу та підвищувати енергетичну поживність раціону за рахунок концентратів. За критично низьких температур більш доцільно збільшувати в раціоні кількість грубих і об’ємистих кормів та замість силосу краще використовувати сінаж з меншою вологістю, який більш технологічний до згодовування. 

 The questions of the necessity of adjusting some parameters of the meat cattle breeding technology taking into account the influence of the natural and climatic conditions during cattle maintenance during the winter period at the feeding and feeding areas without the use of capital facilities are considered. The Aberdin-Angussian breed is well adapted to the effects of low temperatures, but in winter precipitation in the form of rain and wet snow with a cold wet wind adversely affect on the growth rate of animals.

To prevent the decrease in the productivity of animals, it is necessary to increase the introduction of the amount of straw litter and hay per one animal to 7 kg per day, to increase the energy supply of the ration by increasing the amount of concentrates. At critically low temperatures it is more expedient to include in the diet bulky fodder with less moisture, i.e. soilage, which are more technological at eating.
Мікробіологічний контроль м'ясних та м'ясорослинних консервів
Authors: Гавриленко О. С. , Хоміцька О. А. , Загорулько О. В.
Published: March 2019

У статті наведено результати досліджень якості 22-х зразків м'ясних  та м'ясорослинних консервів  українських виробників за органолептичними, фізико-хімічними та мікробіологічними показниками. Проаналізовано показники якості  та безпечності консервів, що реалізуються в торговій мережі по  Україні. За результатами проведених досліджень встановлено невідповідності згідно з діючими стандартами за органолептичними, фізико-хімічними та мікробіологічними показниками, що свідчить про порушення  на  етапах виробництва дослідних зразків  консервів українських підприємств-виробників.

The article presents the results of research on the quality of 22 samples of meat and meat-plant canned products of Ukrainian manufacturers by organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological indicators. The indicators of quality and safety of canned food, sold in the trade network in Ukraine, are analyzed. According to the results of the conducted studies, inconsistencies have been established according to the current standards for organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological indicators, which indicates violations at the stages of production of pre-production canned food of Ukrainian manufacturing enterprises.
Експериментальне визначення дезінвазійних властивостей засобу «Аноліт КРИСТАЛ»
Authors: Мельничук В. В.
Published: March 2019

У роботі наведені результати досліджень дезінвазійної активності дезінфікуючого засобу «Аноліт КРИСТАЛ» стосовно тест-культур яєць Ascaris suum, Trichuris ovis, Trichuris skrjabini та Trichuris globulosa, за показниками дезінвазійної ефективності (ДЕ). Експериментально встановлено, що дезінфікуючий засіб володіє вираженими дезінвазійними властивостями щодо дослідних тест-культур; A. suum – у розведенні 1:3, 1:2, 1:1 та без попереднього розведення за всіх експозицій (ДЕ – 90,53–100,00 %); T. ovis – у розведенні 1:2 за експозиції 60 хв., 1:1 та без попереднього розведення за всіх експозицій (ДЕ – 94,85–100,00 %); T. skrjabini – у розведенні 1:3 за експозиції 30 та 60 хв., 1:2, 1:1 та без попереднього розведення за всіх експозицій (ДЕ – 92,31–100,00 %); T. globulosa – у розведенні 1:3; 1:2; 1:1 і без попереднього розведення за всіх експозицій (ДЕ – 94,38–100,00 %).

The results of investigations of disinvasive activity of disinfectant «Anolit KRYSTAL» in the test cultures of eggs Ascaris suum, Trichuris ovis, Trichuris skrjabini and Trichuris globulosa, based on disinvasive efficiency (DE) are given. It has been experimentally established that the disinfectant possesses pronounced disinfestation properties in respect of experimental test cultures; A. suum – in breeding 1:3, 1:2, 1:1 and in concentrated form for all exposures (DE – 90,53–100,00 %); T. ovis – in dilution 1:2 at exposure of 60 minutes, 1:1 and in concentrated form for all expositions (DE – 94,85–100,00 %); T. skrjabini – in dilution 1:3 at exposure of 30 and 60 minutes, 1:2, 1:1 and in concentrated form for all exposures (DE – 92,31–100,00 %); T. globulosa – in breeding 1:3; 1:2; 1: 1 and concentrated form for all expositions (DE – 94,38–100,00 %).
Розвиток організаційних структур та програм співучасті в системі аграрного землекористування
Authors: Маркіна І. А.
Published: March 2019

Розроблено кластерну модель дуалістичного (традиційна та органічна продукція) розвитку землекористування в Україні. Принциповою відмінністю від існуючих моделей є наявність Національного науково-виробничого агроекологічного парку, регіональних наукових (економічних) центрів розвитку сільських територій та зміщення акценту ролі держави на реалізацію економічних функцій як агента земельних інтересів. Представлена  система інформаційного провайдингу в управлінні земельними ресурсами аграрного сектору економіки. Запропоновано концепцію розвитку державно-приватного партнерства в системі землекористування, що заснована на агрохімічному, меліоративному, логістичному та збутовому напрямах та має на меті забезпечення поєднання можливостей мікро-, мініагентів, спільних агентів та держави, в тому числі із залученням коштів регіональних і глобальних агентів, на компліментарній основі з приводу раціонального землекористування та підвищення прямих і непрямих доходів всіх представників груп земельних інтересів.

A cluster model of dualistic (traditional and organic products) development of land use in Ukraine has been developed. A fundamental difference from existing models is the existence of the National Research and Production Agroecological Park, regional scientific (economic) centers for the development of rural areas and the shift in the emphasis of the role of the state on the realization of economic functions as an agent of land interests. The presented system of information providers in the management of land resources of the agricultural sector of the economy. The concept of development of public-private partnership in the land use system based on agrochemical, meliorative, logistic and marketing directions is offered and aims to ensure the combination of the capabilities of micro-, miniagents, general agents and the state, also with the involvement of regional and global agents, on a complimentary basis for rational land use and increasing the direct and indirect income of all representatives of land interest groups.
Leadership and prestige, mothering, sexual selection, and encephalization: The computational services model
Authors: Hagen Edward H , Garfield Zachary
Published: March 2019

Long before the term Machiavellian Intelligence was coined, James Neel, a prominent geneticist, was pondering the role of 'princes' in the evolution of exceptional human intelligence. Neel discovered that in small-scale societies resembling those in which humans evolved, leaders had more wives and more children than other men. If this pattern, which is now well-established in the ethnographic record, characterized ancestral human societies, whatever traits predisposed men to become leaders would have experienced strong sexual selection. Neel proposed that the key trait was intelligence. Sexual selection on intelligent leaders therefore helped explain human encephalization. Many subsequent theories have attempted to explain why knowledgeable, skilled, and intelligent individuals are chosen as leaders or as mates. None, however, has adequately explained why they are chosen as both. We aim to fill this gap by operationalizing leaders as individuals who regularly make decisions that benefit most members of the group. Because human nuclear families comprise two unrelated individuals who cooperate for twenty years or more to raise their joint offspring, and because families are nested within subsistence groups, which, in turn, are nested within larger security and political groups, good decision-making skills provided large benefits to mates and families, as well as to members of one's subsistence group or larger security and political groups. We further argue that decision-making that benefits others as well as oneself can be especially computationally complex, and therefore that sexual selection and biological market forces favoring these skills favored increased brain size. Finally, because parents must make decisions for their cognitively immature offspring, decision-making that benefits others and other leadership abilities might have initially undergone strong selection in mothers, who provide most of the childcare in natural fertility populations. Decision-making that benefits others is one valuable example of what we term a computational service. Other important examples include threat and opportunity detection, gossip and information sharing, cultural transmission, story telling, medicinal knowledge, and advice and counsel. Providing computational services in exchange for a variety of benefits would have helped subsidize a large, energetically expensive brain. Individuals who provided particularly valuable services gained prestige, i.e., additional benefits from fellow group members.
Afforestation and reforestation management in Romania ‐ migrating to sustainability and responsibility
Authors: Palaghianu Ciprian
Published: March 2019

Considering the present state of afforestation and reforestation management in Romania, the process of renewing the forestation paradigm is analysed. Most of the management systems use an iterative method of improving the outcomes. Considering the classical phases Plan-Do-Check-Adjust, the forest management system is broken into pieces in order to reveal potential gaps from planning to system adjustments regarding forestation in Romania. The official data reports, national statistics and forest regulations represent evidences of a system that fails to progress. The weak integration of Pan-European criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management, the lack of a robust planning system and the poor capacity of accessing European funds are considered major gaps. The whole framework of afforestation and reforestation should be revised to comply with recent realities and objectives (social, economic, environmental). At present time Romanian forest management still forges tomorrow's forests using regulations fitted to communist era, without taking into account updated objectives regarding social needs, economic benefits, climate change mitigation or the new types of property. Several suggestions for improving the afforestation and reforestation framework were provided.
PERATURAN UNTUK DISIPLIN DALAM KELUARGA
Authors: Ulfah Nadiyah
Published: March 2019

Dalam keluarga terdapat banyak peraturan bagi para anggota keluarga. Peraturan tersebut ditetapkan agar terbentuk sikap disiplin dalam setiap individu. Disiplin berarti rasa taat dan turut terhadap peraturan yang telah ditetapkan.
pendekatan pembelajaran PPKn berhubungan dengan kejujuran kelas 2 semester 2 MI/SD
Authors: Pulungan Rohayani
Published: March 2019

Pendekatan saintifik dalam pembelajaran PPKn di kelas 2 semester 2 yang berhubungan dengan kejujuran dimana pendekatan saintifik guru sebagai fasilitator dan hanya memantau sehingga siswa sangat berperan aktif.
Critique in action: assembling shared matters of concern with corporate R&D
Authors: Radstake Maud , Penders Bart
Published: March 2019

An ethnographic study in Unilever - a large multinational food company – performed an unintended intervention in the assessment of the value of basic science by the management of Unilever R&D. Using accounts by the ethnographer and by a corporate R&D manager, we describe how the ethnographer’s interest in good food design was connected to issues of R&D organization in an interactive research process. The particular setting required regular involvement of key actors in the set-up and design of the research process and in the assessment of its preliminary results. That invited a collaborative critical analysis of health claims on food products by the ethnographer and those who were part of the practices he studied. We use Bruno Latour’s notion of matters of concern and related understandings of critique from science and technology studies to describe intervention as an outcome rather than an intention of their analysis, and reflect on corporate research practices as a field that may invite critique, rather than oppose to it. We use the term ‘critique in action’ (CiA) to describe the interactive research process and discuss its potential for further deployment.
Unraveling the social ecology of polio
Authors: Mauricio Amarah , Noymer Andrew
Published: March 2019

Using data on poliomyelitis and typhoid fever mortality in the United States, 1914–69, we test competing theories for the twentieth century expansion of polio. We analyze data stratified by age, sex, and race. We show that some of the seemingly-paradoxical aspects of the data — principally, that whites had higher polio death rates than nonwhites but lower typhoid death rates — are consistent with the polio hygiene hypothesis. Data on racial differences show that the hygiene hypothesis is necessary and sufficient to explain patterns of polio mortality in the United States. Epidemiological phenomena are best understood in their social context.
Kinship Ties Across the Lifespan in Human Communities
Authors: Koster Jeremy , Lukas Dieter , Nolin David , Power Eleanor A. , Alvergne Alex , Mace Ruth , Ross Cody T. , Kramer Karen , Greaves Russell , Caudell Mark , Macfarlan Shane , Schniter Eric , Quinlan Robert , Mattison Siobhan , Reynolds Adam , Yi-Sum Chun , Massengill Eric
Published: March 2019

A hypothesis for the evolution of long post-reproductive lifespans in the human lineage involves asymmetries in relatedness between young immigrant females and the older females in their new groups. In these circumstances, inter-generational reproductive conflicts between younger and older females are predicted to resolve in favor of the younger females, who realize fewer inclusive fitness benefits from ceding reproduction to others. This conceptual model anticipates that immigrants to a community initially have few kin ties to others in the group, gradually showing greater relatedness to group members as they have descendants who remain with them in the group. We examine this prediction in a cross-cultural sample of communities, which vary in their sex-biased dispersal patterns and other aspects of social organization. Drawing on genealogical and demographic data, the analysis provides general but not comprehensive support for the prediction that average relatedness of immigrants to other group members increases as they age. In rare cases, natal members of the community also exhibit age-related increases in relatedness. We also find large variation in the proportion of female group members who are immigrants, beyond simple traditional considerations of patrilocality or matrilocality, which raises questions about the circumstances under which this hypothesis of female competition are met. We consider possible explanations for these heterogenous results, and we address methodological considerations that merit increased attention for research on kinship and reproductive conflict in human societies.
EVALUASI KENYAMANAN TERMAL DAN KECUKUPAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI PT KRAKATAU STEEL, KOTA CILEGON
Authors: RACHMA LUPITA
Published: March 2019

This research was focused on green open space in industrial area of PT Krakatau Steel which is a big industrial area located in Cilegon city. This study aims to analyze green open space’s thermal comfort and sufficiency, as well as to make recommendations for green open space improvement. The research method used descriptive method through comparison between green open space area with prevailing regulations, calculation of Thermal Humidity Index (THI), questionnaires to the perception and preference of employee and community, and SWOT calculation (strength, weaknesses, opportunity and threats). Based on observations, green open space area is 12% of total industrial area and has reached the minimum green open space at 10% according to the regulation. Based on the THI calculation, thermal comfort at the research study classified in the category of uncomfortable, indicating the existing green open space has no significant effect on termal comfort. Based on SWOT evaluation, this green open space is on hold and maintained position. Based on questionnaires on employees, green open space is able to provide comfort but its not like what employees expected, especially the need for additional new parks and the addition of facilities on green open space. Based on questionnaires on community, green open space is good enough, but they wants additional green open space outside the industrial estate that can filtering dust so the dust cant reach settlement area.
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN DAN KELAYAKAN POHON PENYUSUN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DI KIDS FUN PARK YOGYAKARTA
Authors: NEVISIA DINDA PUTRI
Published: March 2019

Kids Fun Park is a well-known amusement park either for children or adults in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) and also enthused by tourist from inside or outside of Yogyakarta. This park also has a green open spaces as its supporting component, thus the condition of the trees in the green open spaces needed an attention. This study conducted in order to optimize the function of the green open spaces by optimizing its functions through a tree species selection and the presence of the pest. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The procedure of data retrieval is done by exploration, inventory, identification, interview, and evaluation. To facilitate research, the research location was divided into 4 sections based on the function area and the form of the game. The results of research show that Kids Fun Park has 381 individual trees from 43 species and 22 families. Overall positioning of tree species is appropriate and in good condition and healthy without any pests that attack so still feasible for tunt. However, there are 3 types of trees that less appropriate are nangka, kelapa and palem sadeng.
EVALUASI FUNGSI POHON JALUR HIJAU SEBAGAI PENGARAH PADA JALAN RAYA PUNCAK BOGOR
Authors: PRABHAWA HANDYAN PRAJNA
Published: March 2019

Trees as a steering function is very important for drivers's safety on the road. Trees as a streering function is very important to applied on the road that has a variety of geometric shape, such as on Puncak road, Bogor that has many twists and the road contours. To evaluate the function of the trees as a steering, we can find out how effective the planting of trees on the road as a steering function. These observation using the modified Simonds 1983 method and assessment using 6 criterias of trees as a steering function against 15 plots with distance-based. These observation showed poor results. Observations are influenced by a lot of trees that did not fit the criterias as a steering function. But the most influential of the poor results of the assessment was the number of trees which covered to the plot observed. Recommendations were formulated are trees planting design model that corresponds to the steering function refers to road functions standard and scope of landscape architecture.
Knowledge and Acceptability of Cervical Cancer Screening among Adult Women Visiting in Gynecological OPD
Authors: Shrestha Bishnu Kumari , Sapkota Devi Kumari , Sapkota Mathura
Published: March 2019

Background: Cervical cancer is the most common form of cancer among women developing countries. Pap smear is a very significant screening test for reduction of incidence and mortality from cervical cancer. The pap smear test  detect precancerous cell change on the cervix that might become cervical cancer if they are not treated appropriately. The objective of this research is to find out the knowledge and acceptability of cervical cancer screening among adult women.

Methods: A cross-sectional research design was conducted among 425 gynecological patients of Bharatpur hospital OPD of 30 to59 years of age. Semi structured questionnaire was used in data collection.

Results: The mean age of participants was 40.07±7.9 years. Majority of the respondents, 247 (58.1%) had good knowledge in cervical cancer screening and 282 (66.4%) of the respondent accepted Pap smear test. Mean knowledge score on sign and symptom of cervical cancer was 62.1%, in risk factor was 72.8% and in preventive measure was 82%. Study showed the association between respondents knowledge of cervical cancer screening with educational status (p=0.04), religion (p=0.01) at 0.05 level of significance. There was association between respondents’ level of knowledge and acceptability of cervical   cancer screening (p=0.02) at 0.05 level of significance.

Conclusions: Majority of participant had never screened for cervical cancer, information get from health care provider was poor and acceptability rate is low. So the study recommends that health care provider should provide the information education and communication (IEC) at all level of delivery towards cervical cancer screening.
Preventive Practices of Tuberculosis Patients in a Municipality of Chitwan District, Nepal
Authors: Bansal Prerna , Khatiwada Dipendra , Upadhyay Hari Prasad
Published: March 2019

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and sixth leading cause of death in Nepal. Preventing new infections of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is crucial to reduce TB burden and death. The source of infection is an open (sputum positive) case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Poor management of TB-related waste like disposal of sputum by patients has been reported as a risk factor for increasing susceptibility to active TB infection. The present study was undertaken to assess preventive measures practiced by TB patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 82 tuberculosis patients who visited the five different DOTs centres of Bharatpur Municipality of Chitwan district, Nepal during December 2016 to February 2017. To find the association between variables, chi-square test was used. P-value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. 

Results: The Mean ± SD of age of patients was 37.02±18.90 years. 67.10% of the patients received health education on preventive measures. 59.8% of the respondents had good practice on prevention measures of TB. Only 3.70% used burning method for the sputum disposal after diagnosis of TB. None of the respondents used boiling method for the disposal of sputum. Among all only 6% practiced safe method of sputum disposal. The statistically significant variables with health education were preventive measures like self isolation (ᵪ2 = 7.54, p = 0.006), covering face while coughing and sneezing (ᵪ2 = 4.113, p = 0.043) and keeping surrounding clean (ᵪ2= 7.880, p = 0.005). 

Conclusions: Patients and family members should be well educated on practicing different preventive measures by further strengthening the preventive measures strategy in the transmission of tuberculosis if we envisioned to end TB by 2035.
Faktor Bauran Pemasaran Yang Mempengaruhi Konsumen Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Pada Konsumen Starbucks Coffee
Authors: Satriansyah Arief
Published: March 2019

Abstract - This research was conducted to find out how much influence of the product, price, place and promotion on Starbucks Coffee Bogor city consumers' decision making. The research used the survey method with a sample of 100 people. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling: judgment sampling. The analytical method used is the method of correlation analysis and multiple regression. The results of the study show that both partially and jointly the factors of product, price, place, and promotion have a significant influence on product purchase decision making. The higher the level of influence of the product, price, place and promotion, the stronger the influence of product purchasing decisions. Based on the results of the analysis of the factors that influence the purchasing decision shows the adjusted R2 value of 0.663, this means that all variables derived from the marketing mix have a joint contribution of 66.3% to the dependent variable (Y), namely the purchasing decision. The remaining 33.7% is influenced by other factors.                                                             Keywords: marketing mix, decision making, Starbuck Coffee
Degree of Affinity Between the Korean *mōi(h), *mōró and Japanese *mǝ́rí against the Altaic *mōr[u] “tree, forest” (According to Starostin’s Version)
Authors: Kapranov Y. V.
Published: March 2019

The article has an attempt to prove the genetic level of relationship between the Korean *mōi(h), *mòró “1) mountain; 2) forest” and Japanese *mǝ́rí “forest” that reach the Altaic *mōr[u] “tree, forest”. It is based on the comparison of the genetic matches of the Korean and Japanese languages, proposed by Starostin in The Global Lexicostatistical Database “Babel Tower”. The three versions of the degree of affinity between these languages are provided: genetic (according to Kyzlasov) and universal (according to Burykin), as well as its absence (according to Vynogradov). A historical note on the Korean-Japanese linguistic relations with the assumption of the areal contacts has been presented.Although the reconstruction of the Altaic took place based on the reconstructed etymons from different language groups: 1) Mongolian *mo-du (< *mor-du) “tree”; 2) Tungus Manchu *mō “tree”, the article focuses on 3) Korean *mōi(h), *mòró “1) mountain; 2) forest” and Japanese *mǝ́rí “forest”.In the process of the study, an attempt was made to prove the genetic relationship between the Korean and Japanese languages based on the phonomorphological processes that appeared to be common to these languages: 1) the law of prosody as a doctrine of emphasis in the Altaic languages, where the presence of low and high tones, as well as musical accent is observed; 2) the law of articulation; 3) the law of the morphemic structure of words, the effect of which is to fix the law of composition for the Korean and Japanese languages. In this case, the actions of certain laws are typical only for the Korean language: 1) the law of palatalization of the sonorat phoneme /m/, which hardness / softness becomes soft /m'/ in the Modern Korean language; 2) the law of articulation while pronouncing the palatalized consonants; 3) the law of harmony of vowels; 4) the law of prosody, in particular the presence of a long tone and force accent; the Japanese language: 1) the law of articulation, while pronouncing the velar consonants; 2) the law of the morphemic structure of words, in particular the law of the mora as a special unit of the Japanese language, which is absent in the composite languages, as well as the law of open composition.The comparison of the semantic structure of genetic matches has shown that the meaning of “forest” is common to the Korean *mōi(h), *mòró “1) mountain; 2) forest” and Japanese *mǝ́rí “forest” that reach the Altaic *mōr[u] “tree, forest”. Its choice is associated with the archeological culture of the Huns on the system of homebuilding and heating.
Cannabis sativa
Authors: Fernandes de Souza Amanda Aparecida , Mendes da Silva Andreza Francisca , Silva Thais Ferreira , Oliveira Carlos Rocha
Published: March 2019

A Cannabis sativa e a Cannabis indica, são os principais alvos em estudos farmacológicos dentro do gênero Cannabis, as quais fazem parte da família das Cannabaceae. A mais utilizada é a Cannabis sativa, sendo esta popularmente o foco de estudos avançados sobre a sua utilização para o tratamento de diversas patologias como, por exemplo, a dor neuropática2. Este artigo, tem como objetivo, a desconstrução do ideal de que a Cannabis sativa é somente uma das drogas de abuso, da classe dos alucinógenos mais utilizadas no mundo, pois apesar de sua imagem negativa, este estudo busca apresentar que estão surgindo muitas pesquisas referentes ao seu uso medicinal, com resultados relevantes para seu uso terapêutico23. A Cannabis possui mais de sessenta fitocanabinóides farmacologicamente ativos 10 e o fitocanabinóides relacionado a atividade psicoativa da Cannabis é chamado de Δ9-tetrahidrocanabinol (THC), porém também foi constatado através de análises que a mesma substância apresenta ações farmacológicas, com propriedades anti-inflamatórias, analgésicas, estimulante de apetite, broncodilatador e a ação na redução da pressão ocular8. Outro fitocanabinóides que possui efeito farmacológico é o canabidiol, uma vez que o mesmo está relacionado a efeitos ansiolíticos, antieméticos, antipsicóticos, imunomoduladores, entre outros9. Para chegar as suposições que a Cannabis possui efeitos terapêuticos na dor, foram necessários estudos baseados na fisiologia da dor, porém o atual tratamento feito por canabinóides não são de primeira escolha, sendo apenas considerado quando há resistência aos tratamentos convencionais10 .
Prescrição farmacêutica de medicamentos fitoterápicos
Authors: Marques Paola Alvares , Simão Thainá Aparecida , Moriya Marina Maki , Dias Gabriel , Antunes Valeria Maria de Souza , Oliveira Carlos Rocha
Published: March 2019

A prescrição de fitoterápicos por farmacêuticos é uma área recente e ainda em desenvolvimento e, mesmo sendo a terapia medicinal mais antiga do mundo, sempre foi prescrito por médicos. Sabe-se muito pouco sobre suas interações medicamentosas e alimentares e sobre suas toxicidades, já que são compostos de extrema complexidade. Os medicamentos vegetais, que em tempos não muito distantes eram uma forma de medicina empírica, tornaram-se hoje um grande mercado e cada vez mais se investe em pesquisas ao redor do mundo em busca de novas moléculas advindas da natureza. Este trabalho visa analisar a questão da prescrição farmacêutica de fitoterápicos ser mais utilizada pela população, visto que é uma possibilidade acessível e que, aparentemente, é desconhecida pela população, que não está habituada a consultas com o farmacêutico prescritor. Foram estudados 107 prontuários preenchidos durante as consultas realizadas com os alunos de graduação e pós-graduação do curso de Farmácia, acompanhados de um professor farmacêutico prescritor de fitoterapia no Centro Integrado de Saúde (CIS), dentro do Campus Centro da Universidade Anhembi Morumbi. Concluímos que apenas 20% da população atendida retornou para suas consultas de acompanhamento. Os dados obtidos mostram que a população não possui conhecimento sobre esta atribuição do farmacêutico, fato que se fosse exposto, poderia ajudar a população como um todo, uma vez que o farmacêutico faz parte do sistema de saúde e é o profissional detentor do conhecimento sobre interações medicamentosas e toxicológicas, entre outras.
A new species of Medetera (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Slovakia
Authors: Maslova O.O. , Negrobov O.P. , Oboňa J.
Published: March 2019

Medetera longisurstylata sp. nov. is described from Slovakia. The new species is similar to M. tuberculata Negrobov 1966 but differs from the latter in the dark legs, structure of the genitalia and the surstylus longer than the epandrium.
Fossil impression of a nephtyid polychaete (Polychaeta: Nephtyidae) in the Miocene sediments of Sakhalin (NW Pacific)
Authors: Gagaev S.Yu.
Published: March 2019

During the expedition of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ZIN RAS) in 1998, a fossil impression of a polychaete worm belonging to the family Nephtyidae Grube, 1850, containing fragments of jaws, was found in the west of Sakhalin. The find is dated to the Middle and Upper Miocene. There are no published records of any finds of fossil nephtyids in the area. Based on the analysis of the jaw shape, it is concluded that the nephtyid impression may belong to the genus Nephtys Cuvier 1817 or the genus Aglaophamus Kinberg, 1865.
A new species of the genus Hincksina (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida: Flustridae) from the Faroe Islands slope
Authors: Denisenko N.V.
Published: March 2019

A new species of the genus Hincksina Norman, 1903, H. magnicellata sp. nov., is described and illustrated. Its specimens were found on stones collected on the slope around the Faroe Islands archipelago. Description of the new species in the genus Hincksina is based on an extensive opesia, on endozooidal ovicells and on the presence of interzooidal avicularia, as well as oral and mural spines.
A new species of the genus Syndipnus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ctenopelmatinae: Euryproctini) with unusually depressed metasoma
Authors: Kasparyan D.R.
Published: March 2019

A new species of the subfamily Ctenopelmatinae, Syndipnus depressus sp. nov. with strong dorsoventral compression of the metasoma, is described from Poland. Similarity of the new species to two ctenopelmatine species of the tribe Mesoleiini (Mesoleius phyllotomae Cushman, 1933 and M. aceris Shaw et Kasparyan, 2003), endoparasitoids of leaf mining sawflies of the genus Heterarthrus Stephens, 1835 (Tenthredinidae: Heterarthrinae), suggests that the new species may have similar hosts.
A new remarkable species of Probles with clavate antennae from Vietnam (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae)
Authors: Khalaim A.I.
Published: March 2019

Probles (Euporizon) chernetsovi Khalaim sp. nov. characterised by strongly clavate antennae with unusual sensillar areas, is described as new to science from Central Vietnam.
Palaearctic species of the genus Heterocola (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae)
Authors: Khalaim A.I.
Published: March 2019

Palaearctic material of the genus Heterocola Förster was studied, the holotypes of four species were examined and re-described. Heterocola concava (Uchida) from Japan is transferred to Phradis Förster (comb. nov.), and the genus Heterocola is excluded from the fauna of Japan. Specimens of H. proboscidalis (Thomson) and H. rufiventris Horstmann deposited in the Zoological Institute RAS (St Petersburg) and briefly mentioned from the former USSR by K. Horstmann in his revision (1981) are found and re-examined, and their complete label data are provided. Extensive faunistic records of the Palaearctic species of Heterocola primarily based on the Zoological Institute RAS collection are provided. Colour photographs of six species are given for the first time. An identification key to six species of Heterocola occurring in the Palaearctic region is provided; taxonomic status of the seventh species, H. pappi Kolarov, is not clear.
Macrosiphoniella (Asterobium) jaroslaviholmani nom. nov., a new replacement name for M. (A.) jaroslavi Stekolshchikov et Khruleva, 2015
Authors: Stekolshchikov A.V. , Khruleva O.A.
Published: March 2019

A new replacement name Macrosiphoniella (Asterobium) jaroslaviholmani nom. nom. is proposed for M. (A.) jaroslavi Stekolshchikov et Khruleva, 2015.
Taxonomic notes on the cricket subfamilies Nemobiinae and Trigonidiinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) from islands and coasts of the Pacific and Indian Oceans
Authors: Gorochov A.V. , Tan M.K. , Lee Ch.Ya.
Published: March 2019

Several taxa of Nemobiinae and Trigonidiinae from some islands and coasts of Pacific Ocean and Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) are considered. The tribes Marinemobiini Gorochov, 1985 and Burcini Gorochov, 1986 are briefly redescribed, and the tribes Nemobiini Saussure, 1877 and Pteronemobiini Vickery, 1973 are also discussed. Some genera of Marinemobiini (Marinemobius Gorochov, 1985, Apteronemobius Chopard, 1929 and Parapteronemobius Furukawa, 1970) as well as type species of Apteronemobius (A. longipes Chopard, 1929) are redescribed; Marinemobius and Parapteronemobius are restored from synonyms of Apteronemobius and Caconemobius Kirby, 1906, respectively (with the suggestion of three new combinations for the specific names); Eumarinemobius sundaicus gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Malay Peninsula and nearest islands, and former Apteronemobius darwini Otte et Alexander, 1983 is supposedly included in this genus (as E. darwini comb. nov.); Parapteronemobius sazanami kunashir subsp. nov. is described from the Kuril Islands. The tribe Burcini is restored from synonyms of Thetellini Otte et Alexander, 1983, and its following taxa are redescribed or described as new for the science: Burcus Gorochov, 1986 which is also restored from synonyms of Thetella Otte et Alexander, 1983; B. trilobulatus sp. nov. from Thailand; B. t. bunaken subsp. nov. from Indonesia; Paraburcus gen. nov. for Thetella elegans Kobayashi, 1983 (= P. elegans comb. nov.); Neoburcus tarutao gen. et sp. nov. from Thailand. The unavailable tribal name Thetellini is considered as a possible synonym of Nemobiini, and its type genus and species (Thetella and Th. oonoomba Otte et Alexander, 1983 from Australia) as well as some other genera from Pacific islands must be preliminary placed in this tribe, but the genus Caledonina Desutter-Grandcolas, 2016 from New Caledonia probably belongs to Pteronemobiini. Two generic names of Hawaiian Trigonidiinae (Zudella Gorochov, 1988 and Nudilla Gorochov, 1988) are restored from subgenera and synonyms of Trigonidium Rambur, 1838, respectively: the genus Zudella includes numerous Hawaiian species erroneously placed in Trigonidium (they are listed here); the genus Nudilla is here synonymised with Laupala Otte, 1994, syn. nov., and the neotype for Nudilla type species (Trigonidium pacificum Scudder, 1869) is here designated, as well as a new replacement specific name (N. danieli nom. nov.) is here given for the secondary homonym Laupala pacifica Otte, 1994. Also 169 new combinations for specific names in the two latter genera are proposed; T. kolekole Otte, 1994, syn. nov. and L. cerasina Otte, 1994, syn. nov. are synonymised with Z. hawaiiensis Gorochov, 1986 and N. pacifica (Scudder, 1869), respectively.