bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Using Dormitory Rooms Based on The Capacity and Functional Performance of Users (Case Study: Male and Female Student Dormitory, Institut Teknologi Sumatra)
Authors: Kustiani
Published: October 2021

Dormitory facilities are essential accommodation facility that facilitated by universities that have a large number of students. The room’s level of effectiveness in a dormitory can be measured by the number of rooms, especially those that are private, such as bedrooms. Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA), with many new students enrolled every year, must accommodate hundreds of students, especially those who come from outside the city. Due to the large number of students, the university management provided a solution to accommodate three people in one room. It gives various perceptions amongst the users about the effectiveness of space and its effect on user functional performance. This study aims to determine the level of effectiveness in using room space and its effect on individual learning performance. This study compares male and female dormitories based on the assessment aspect of several user perception variables. The method used in this research is based on the results of questionnaires distributed to students with aspects of assessment including privacy, territory, crowdedness, and adaptability. This study’s results are a parameter of space effectiveness based on space capacity and its effect on student learning performance. This finding is expected to become a reference for dormitory facilities to facilitate better.
The Comparison of RGB 564 and RGB 573 Band Composite of Landsat 8 for Mangrove Vegetation Distribution Identification on Pahawang Island, Lampung
Authors: Dwiputra Mohammad Ashari , Mustofa Adib
Published: October 2021

Remote sensing technology has been widely used for the identification of natural resources in the coastal and marine areas. Visual interpretation method (photo-interpretation) of Landsat 8 OLI satellite image data is one of the common methods for classifying mangrove vegetation areas, especially in the coastal area, since this methods is less expensive compared to the conventional methods of field measurement. However, in its technical process, it needs a combination of several satellite imagery bands to produce optimal colour images as a reference for delineating mangrove and non-mangrove areas. This study was aimed to identify mangrove cover areas and its distribution in Pahawang island, Lampung using visual interpretation method. In this study, RGB 564 and RGB 573 composites were utilized. We compared both RGB to find the most suitable composite for identifying mangrove distribution. Composites Landsat 8 OLI satellite image data produced a red-black mangrove distribution that requires bands with visible wavelengths (bands 2.3 and 4); bands with near-infrared (NIR) (bands 5); and short-wave infrared (SWIR) (bands 6 and 7). The results showed that 564-composite type produced optimal colour images to facilitate the process of interpreting the distribution of mangrove vegetation. In addition, our study revealed the total distribution area of mangrove vegetation in Pahawang Island is 51.3 Ha with the most significant area located in the western part of Pahawang Island at 39 Ha. The mapping accuracy test of the 564-composites type was 86.6% while the 573-composites type was 47.5%. This indicated that the 564-composites type likely provides more reliable mangrove vegetation distribution information.
Simard’s Fire Spread Model of Peatland in Kalimantan
Authors: Muid A. , Aminah N. S. , Budiman M. , Djamal M.
Published: October 2021

Peatland fires in Indonesia have become a serious problem because they cause huge losses. Geographical factors of peatlands in the Kalimantan contribute to the difficullty of conventional fire fighting. The current solution is water bombing using a helicopter. Water bombing is expensive and has a high risk for the safety of fire fighters/helicopter crew so must be done with the correct calculation to fire position so that firefighting can work effectively and efficiently. Therefore, mathematical calculation of the fire position is very important. The position of the fire can be determined by knowing the rate of spread of the fire (Rate of Spread / ROS). In this study aims to calculate the rate of fire in peatlands along the Trans Kalimantan road between Palangka Raya and Pulang Pisau, Central Kalimantan using the simard’s model. Land surface temperature (LST) data were obtained from the TERRA MODIS satellite which was downloaded from the website https://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/dataprod/index.php. The results of the calculations for the five triangles obtained that the ROS are 0.03m/s, 0.04m/s, 0.04m/s, 0.04m/s and 0.03m/s for R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 respectively. The average of ROS is 0.037m/s with a direction of 32.57 degrees.
A Fuzzy Decision in Volcano Warning System Forecast
Authors: Ichwanda A. S. , Irham H. , Permanasari Ikah N. P. , Evita M. , Srigutomo W. , Meilano I. , Setiawan A. , Suryanto W. , Wahyudi  , Suyanto I. , Darmawan H. , Yasin M. , Apsari R. , Irzaman  , Perdinan  , Putra H. , Aminah N. S. , Djamal M.
Published: October 2021

The volcanic warning system in Indonesia is divided into four levels namely normal, waspada, siaga and awas. Based on the setting above, a study is needed to design a volcanic activity forecast system using temperature sensors, SO2, CO2 concentration, as well as vibration. The formulation of determining the conditions of volcanic activity is carried out by using fuzzy logic. Volcanic activity measurements are carried out in real time and continuously. Fuzzy logic has been used in the process of determining alert level of volcanic activity based on measured parameters. There are 53 fuzzy rules to determine volcano activity. Best predictions come from the combination of all sensors into a volcano monitoring and forecast system.
Revitalization of Traditional Games as a Tool for Contextual Education on Disasters (Case Study: Mount Krakatau)
Authors: Nur Muhammad Hajid An , Wisnu Wijaya PG
Published: October 2021

Disaster education for children as part of disaster mitigation needs to be done from an early age. This process can be done in different ways and with different mediums, one of which is educational games. Through this medium, information on geological characteristics, disaster effects, and other complex disaster-related information can be condensed so children can understand it easily. Also, the use of game-based learning media can improve the quality of learning experience to make it more enjoyable. One potential solution is to revitalize traditional game designs. Traditional games have been used to pass on certain skills, knowledge, and values to children. Hypothetically, this revitalization has several advantages; 1) traditional games have a simple play system so that they are easy for children to learn and can also be easily modified by designers; 2) have cultural and sentimental values for parents; 3) use of local identities can help distinguish Geosite Krakatau from others in a national or global context; 4) Indonesia has many traditional games that can be developed into a variety of new and contextual designs rooted on locality.

This research aims to revitalize traditional games as a disaster-related educational medium for children, especially those related to the Anak Krakatau. So far, the research process conducted in 2 stages, 1) Data collection (recent studies on the Krakatau and various types of traditional games in the Lampung area); 2) Design process (using the ATUMICS tradition revitalization method) and making mock-ups. The design proposed is proof of concept that the use of the traditional game in disaster-related education can be both beneficial in terms of education and cultural preservation.
Study Index Properties of Soil from Geotechnical Test in their Relation to Landslide
Authors: Permanasari Ikah N. P. , Ekysta Wita , Ipmawan Vico L. , Darmawan M.Y. , Siregar Rahmatnawi , Singarimbun Alamta
Published: October 2021

There are many methods in assessing landslide, one of them is examine the properties of soil. In this research measured several test on soil sample i.e. unit weight, Moisture content, Hydrometer test. The unit weight test yields a value ? is 13.63kN/m3, water content value is 4.51%. Furthermore, the sieve analysis test and hydrometer analysis were carried out to determine the type of soil in the study area, namely little sandy silt. The combination of a steep slope with the type of material that makes up the slope makes the slope prone to landslides. Creep often occur in the slope, which are caused by vibrations from vehicles at the foot of the slope. This condition will make the slope even more unstable because the geometry of the slope will become steeper.
Feasibility study on joint tomography of refraction and reflection seismic waves for geotechnical purposes: a preliminary result
Authors: Firdaus Ruhul , Ekawati Gestin Mey , Suhendi Cahli
Published: October 2021

Many developing regions are subject to infrastructure magnification thus green-sustainable infrastructure has always been a relevant concern for most regulators and engineers. In order to support better urban planning, civil engineering operations, and environmental studies, an ample supply of information regarding the neighbouring environment is a must. This includes the information from the Earth’s subsurface, particularly the mechanical properties of soil and rock, on which the planning or action is executed. Complementarily, geophysical measurements utilizing the active seismic method can effectively provide an accurate approximation of the properties. This method includes generating seismic waves using the non-invasive artificial seismic source which then be collected on the Earth’s surface by a number of detectors called geophones. The recorded seismic waves bring information about the medium through which they propagate. They can provide the mechanical properties of the medium after applying some sequences of data interpretation techniques. Conventionally, this is done using only one type of seismic wave, either the refracted or reflected waves. In this study, we build a new procedure incorporating these two types of seismic waves to refine the inferred model. The result shows a promising improvement of the P-wave velocity model in terms of its resolution.
Rural Agri-Food Industry Resilience in Indonesia
Authors: Rochman Gina Puspitasari , Indratno Imam , Agustina Ina Helena
Published: October 2021

The agri-food industry faces shocks to global and local socio-economic conditions. They are micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) that absorbed a lot of labor during the Indonesian economic crisis and stood for decades. This industry may provide safety nets, especially for low-income communities carrying out productive economic activities in rural. Therefore, this study examines the extent of the agri-food industry’s resilience in rural areas by focusing on industrial and business structures and labor market conditions factors. This study used a case study approach through in-depth interviews with business owners. The rural agri-food industry made adaptations and innovations in production and financial management to resilience. This strategy raises the difference in its market segment. The difference in company size reduces local competition also. On the one hand, the management and control capabilities of family firms and the kinship or historical relationship between company owners and workers tend to increase this industry’s resilience. On the other hand, this industry has attached to local values and culture, making the demand for this agrifood-industrial product stable. The labor profile does not require high qualifications and is also dominated by housewives, and the flexibility of time and wages of the agri-food industry may suit rural conditions so that it can survive. In this regard, the proximity of locations between companies and between companies and workers is important for this industry’s resilience. Although the MSMEs scale agri-food industry is vulnerable, it could survive and recover as a driving force for the household economy in rural. Lessons and strategies are also presented for entrepreneurs and policymakers to increase the resilience of the agri-food industry.
Cultural Aspects and the Sustainability of the Tasikmadu Sugar Factory as an Industrial Living Heritage in Java
Authors: Nugroho Purwanto Setyo , Yuliastuti Nany , Rukayah Siti
Published: October 2021

Adipati Mangkunegara IV founded the Tasikmadu Sugar Factory in the Karanganyar region, Central Java, in 1871 and is still active today. The Tasikmadu sugar factory is an essential industrial heritage in Java because it is the first modern sugar factory in the Javanese kingdom that still survives its function. The existence of a sugar factory in the Javanese kingdom initiated the interaction between Javanese agrarian feudal culture and modern capitalism culture at that time. This paper aims to identify what cultural elements are present in Praja Mangkunegaran’s sugar factory environment. The cultural interactions in the sugar factory environment are then viewed from the system setting which consists of aspects of actors, activities, and places through a qualitative descriptive historical approach. The findings from the aspect of actors indicate central figures who are culturally very influential on the sugar factory production system. The activity aspect findings show that there are ritual activities in the production process that are culturally important because they are considered to determine the success of all activities in the sugar factory. The aspects of actors and activities are in line with findings from the aspect of the place, which show that rational considerations in factory buildings’ structure are related to the sacred-profane conception that is believed by the Javanese people. These cultural aspects play a role in supporting the sustainability of the Praja Mangkunegaran sugar factory.
Spodoptera litura Fabr. Control Using Beauveria bassiana to Reduce Pest Damage Intensity and Maintain the Yield of Soybean
Authors: Rachmawati Yati Setiati , Gustiana Dina , Rosmiati Ayu , Hidayat Cecep , Firmansyah Efrin
Published: October 2021

Soybean production has not been able to meet Indonesian needed. The production decreases every year due to the Spodoptera litura attack. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana as a biological agent in controlling S.litura attacks in the field. The research was conducted at the Pest Laboratory of the Department of Agrotechnology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung and in Cileunyi Bandung, West Java, from January to March 2017. The experiment used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight B. bassiana spores density treatments with three replications. These treatments, i.e., negative control, positive control, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, and 1010/ml aquadest applied to S. litura instar II larva. The post-hoc test used was Duncan’s Multiple Range Test of 5%. The results showed that the density of B. bassiana spores in 1010/ml aquadest caused mortality of S. litura larva at 76.67%. B. bassiana spores in 1010/ml aquadest was able to maintain the growth of soybean plants with pest damage intensity of 3.81%, maintained photosynthates to seeds with the value harvest index of 0.42 and the seed weight per plant reached 31.64 g. B. bassiana can be used as an entomopathogen in controlling attacks by Spodoptera litura.
Strategies in Creating Smart People to Support Tourism Development (Study of the Tongke-Tongke Mangrove Forest Area Community)
Authors: Amiruddin  , Surya Batara , Syafri  , Manaf Murshal
Published: October 2021

The community is a major component and has an important role in tourism development. The community is required to be able to open up to tourists, and it is to develop themselves with all their potential so that tourism development can be implemented through the encouragement of good institutional capacity of the community, and ultimately through the development of tourism, the community will feel the benefits as a means of improving their economy and quality of life. Therefore, in the tourism area, smart people are needed who can see and utilize every potential and opportunity. This study aims to describe the strategy of creating smart people in the Tongke-Tongke Mangrove forest tourism area, Kab. Sinjai in supporting tourism development. The research was conducted using qualitative descriptive analysis by strengthening observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results showed that to create smart people in tourism areas, several strategic steps were needed, namely (1) Community involvement in the formulation of tourism development policies, (2) Development of an internet-based area as a medium for communication in business development (3) Assisting production activities and marketing-supported by the existence of a tourism industrial area, (4) Increasing human resources through the empowerment of potential educational backgrounds as well as development, coaching, and training, (5) Fostering the socio-cultural character of the community as capital in their involvement in tourism development. By using these strategies, a smart community will be created and can support the government in developing tourism as part of regional planning and development.
Regional Potential for The Development of The Superior Industrial Sector in Musi Banyuasin Regency
Authors: Basuki Mahmud , Budiarto Andy
Published: October 2021

Competition between regions is getting tighter, local governments are obliged to increase the competitiveness of their regions so that the welfare of the community remains stable and even increases. Detecting regional superior sectors in Musi Banyuasin (Muba) Regency is an important topic that must be known immediately, considering that Musi Bayuasin Regency is very serious in realizing a green industrial area. By knowing the superior sectors in Musi Banyuasin (Muba) Regency, the determination of the green industrial area will be more precise and of course the development of Musi Banyuasin (Muba) Regency will be more focused. One of the efforts that local governments can make so that regional development is more focused can be done by detecting the superior sectors of the region. This research aims to find out the superior sectors in Musi Banyuasin (Muba) Regency so that local goverment will be more focus on developing its region. Analysis of the superior sectors in Musi Banyuasin (Muba) Regency uses the shift share (SS) and location quotient (LQ) approach. So that the conclusion can be obtained, the potential sector and the most superior in Musi Banyuasin (Muba) Regency is the mining & quarrying sector. On the other hand, electricity and gas sector, wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles sector, become sectors which need to get more attention because they are in underdevelop sector. As for the manufacturing sector and others are included in the developing sectors. Then, judging by the potential of Musi Banyuasin (Muba) Regency and The Provincial Industrial Development Master Plan (RIPIP) of South Sumatra 2017-2036, the superior commodities of Musi Banyuasin (Muba) Regency are palm oil, corn, rubber, and gambir. The superior industrial sectors in Musi Banyuasin Regency are the gambir processing industry and its derivatives, the feed industry, and the rubber product industry such as liquid smoke for freezing rubber to replace sulfuric acid. The mapping of the region as a place of development of the superior industrial sector is determined based on infrastructure facilities, both existing and to be developed.
Analysis of Changes in Air Quality in Major Cities Indonesia During COVID 19 Using Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Fardani Irland , Tarlani  , Aji Riswandha Risang
Published: October 2021

The COVID 19 outbreak has brought many changes to the order of human life. One is affected that life in an urban area. The metropolitan area that is usually crowded with human activity changes drastically to the empty urban. This phenomenon happened because many cities apply the lockdown policy to reduce the spread of COVID-19. This lockdown policy reduces the activity of transportation and industry, causing changes in air quality in the urban area. This study aims to see how much the impact of lockdown policy on air quality in 4 major cities in Indonesia, which is: Jakarta, Medan, Balikpapan, and Makasar. The method that used in this research is using Remote Sensing data by extracting Sentinel Satellite Image data, which produces air quality data, namely data NO2 levels in the air, then comparing the distribution of NO2 in the air between the year 2019 and 2020, and comparing data NO2 concentration in each month in 2020. Form the result of the spatial analysis of Sentinel Image Satellite data, during the lockdown policy in the year 2020 was implemented, the NO2 level in Jakarta significantly changed positively, the NO2 levels in the air decreased compared to the year 2019. For cities outside Jakarta, there has been a decrease in NO2, but the change that occurred is not significant. From this research, it can be seen that the lockdown policy during COVID-19 has improved the air quality in major cities in Indonesia.
Integrative Solutions for the Acceleration of Open Defecation Free (ODF) in Bandung City
Authors: Tarlani  , Damayanti Verry , Ekasari Astri Mutia
Published: October 2021

One of the goals in the SDGs that a region must achieve is 100% sanitation access. Sanitation is considered to have a significant impact on the quality of public health, both in rural and urban areas. The city of Bandung as a city with a high-density level has a big challenge in resolving sanitation matters. Acceleration efforts are needed to improve sanitation access in the city of Bandung which is still low so that it can realize open defecation free (ODF) for every urban village in the city of Bandung. This paper aims to provide a logical framework in the form of efforts that can be made to increase ODF in the city of Bandung. By collecting secondary data, interviews and FGDs as well as the highest and best use approach, the results show that the most important thing is to encourage the community to realize the need for a septic tank through community based total sanitation triggering (STBM) activities, connecting household wastewater channels to PDAM Sewerage, construction of small and large-scale communal septic tanks / IPAL and construction of “Gendong” pipelines, especially those in riverbank areas.
Identification of Sanitation and Public Health’s Condition in Densely Populated Settlement at Coastal Area (Case Study: Kangkung, Bandar Lampung)
Authors: Lisafitri Yuni , Setiawati Endang , Fajar Mutiara , Syafrizal Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Environmental Sanitation is the health status of an environment which includes sewerage disposal facilities (include septic tank), waste disposal facilities, the provision of clean and drinking water, drainage. Environmental sanitation is requirements for a healthy environment. Sanitation of densely populated settlement in coastal area especially in Indonesia are mostly not in good condition. Sanitation conditions are closely related to public health. Sanitation that does not meet the requirements is the cause of environmental-based diseases like waterborne deseases, one of which is diarrhea. The purpose of this study is to identify the sanitation and public health conditions of people that living in densely populated settlements in the coastal areas of Kangkung sub-district, Bandar Lampung City. Surveys, observations, questionnaires and interviews were conducted to obtain the expected data in this study. The results of this study show that some sanitation conditions in densely populated coastal areas did not meet the requirements of good sanitation (based on SDGs) because the conditions of the houses are so tight that there are poor condition of drainage and the unavailability of waste disposal facilities. There are still The number of diarrhea and another deaseses was high. There are still have diarrhea cases in Kangkung even though they already have a good clean water supply. however, this may be related to the poor condition of garbage disposal and drainage in Kangkung.
Urban Network in Sumatra Island
Authors: Rahma Siti , Tamin Prof Ofyar Z , Saraswati Zenia F , Ibad Muhammad Zainal
Published: October 2021

Studies of a region’s growth can only be conducted thoroughly considering its position in a larger urban system. In this system a region interacts with another region resulting in a complex urban network. Inter-urban interactions manifest in various forms such as population migration, trade, or information exchange. This study shows that urban centrality based on its interactions differs from urban centrality based on size. These interactions can be seen from the intensity of urban functions based on labor as well as interactions that can be seen from the intent on movement. This research is aimed at explaining the centrality patterns of urban interaction in Indonesia as the first identification on the relationship of cities on the island of Sumatra based on gravity model on economy and passenger movement based. There is a positive relationship between transportation centrality and economic centrality in Sumatra Island. The highest centrality in Sumatra island can be found in the Medan Area and the lowest centrality in Bengkulu.
Urban Park Qualities Accordance To Perception Of Visitors In Palembang: Case Studies Kambang Iwak Park And Dharma Wanita Park
Authors: Sinatra Fran , Natakusuma A.A , Ibad Zainal , Fitra Helmia Adita
Published: October 2021

In the Indonesia Most Livable City Index, Palembang City is a city with the second highest index among 26 other cities in Indonesia and the highest on the Sumatera Island. The index describes an assessment of the condition of urban facilities based on people’s perceptions of urban development based on their experiences. In this study, the urban facilities assessed are the current quality of city park facilities in Palembang City through questionnaires distributed to park visitors using the accidental sampling method with criteria of visitors who have finished their activities. This research was conducted in the area of Kambang Iwak Park and Taman Dharma Wanita, with 35 and 32 respondents, respectively. The highest quality at Taman Kambang Iwak is inclusive and comfortable, while the highest quality in Taman Dharma Wanita is inclusive. The lowest quality in Taman Dharma Wanita is quality of attractiveness and comfort, while in Taman Kambang Iwak it is quality of safety. The recommendation to the government is to make the lowest quality improvement in each park to improve the quality of the park and create a livable city to prevent a decline in the quality of life of the people in Palembang City.
Water and Sanitation in Slum Settlement: Case Study of Kaliawi, Indonesia
Authors: Putri Husna Tiara , Puspitasari Ela , Maryati Sri
Published: October 2021

As stated in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), water and sanitation are basic human needs that must be met to support livelihoods. However, in many developing countries, the issue of inequality continues to be faced, especially in slum settlements. The research was conducted in an area of slum settlements, in Kaliawi Village, Bandar Lampung to reveal the accessibility of water and sanitation using questionnaires and observation. The output is mapped using a spatial analysis approach. Furthermore, crosstab is used to analyze the possibility of internal factors affecting the condition of infrastructure provision in each house. The results showed that a large number of houses do not have a water source, some houses do not have septic tanks, the existing drainage network is not connected, and areas are not served by garbage collection services. Occupation, education level, land ownership status, and physical condition of the house are related to access to clean water and sanitation available in each house.
Implementation of Big Data to Develop Origin-Destination Matrix Estimation Model
Authors: Tamin Ofyar Z. , Heriansyah  , Fadilah Siti Raudhatul
Published: October 2021

Big data is a huge collection of electronic data which is currently popular to be developed in various scientific fields, including the transportation sector. Several data categories that can be used for transportation infrastructure planning are real-time location/position and timestamp of road users. This technological sophistication addresses a very crucial transportation planning problem that has been faced for many years, that is the inaccurate and unrepresentative prediction of the Origin-Destination Matrix. Up to this point, the Origin-Destination Matrix has been obtained using conventional and unconventional methods. Data was collected through manual traffic counts survey and direct interview in the study area. This results in unreliable data and inadequate sampling rates, which are only able to cover 20% of the population. In addition, the application of these techniques is expensive, time-consuming, and require a lot of human resources. Therefore, this study tries to develop a model capable of predicting the origin and destination of mobility, which in this case is represented by the sub-district boundary as a zone. As a result, an Origin-Destination Matrix can be obtained with a high degree of accuracy. The case study used is Bandung city. In the future, this research is expected to become a milestone in elaborating a validated Origin-Destination Matrix estimation model that can be used in various areas.
Optimizing the Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Window on Urban Last Mile Delivery
Authors: Ayu Talitha , Nahry
Published: October 2021

The growth of the e-commerce business in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the demand for last mile delivery (LMD) services. LMD activities with a large frequency of trips can increase logistics operational costs if operational handling is not carried out optimally. Optimization of LMD distribution routes is applied as an operational handling and also as a solution to the vehicle routing problem (VRP). VRP is an important problem to consider in transportation modeling where an optimum route plan is desired to obtain the minimum cost. The purpose of this paper is to optimize the last mile delivery route using the Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Window (HFVRP-TW) model in urban areas. The route optimization process is carried out by developing and applying the HFVRP-TW model using data from one of the express delivery companies in Jakarta, Indonesia, and then simulating and forming several operational scenarios. The results of the analysis show that the application of route optimization with variations in vehicle types reduced operating costs by an average of 58.46% - 65.98% compared to the existing conditions. Scenario evaluation is carried out to obtain the scenario with the lowest operational cost. The evaluation results show that the best scenario is a scenario that has the closest characteristics to existing conditions, where there is no change in the type of vehicle used and optimization is only applied to operational routes. However, several other scenarios using a variety of different vehicle types still resulted in a reduction in operating costs of more than 50%.
Antagonist effect of Bacillus spp. against Aspergillus niger CP isolated from cocopeat powder
Authors: Santoso I , Fadhilah Q G , Maryanto A E , Yasman
Published: October 2021

Bacillus spp. are known as potential bacteria as biocontrol agent against fungal phytopathogen, such as Aspergillus niger. The Aspergillus niger can cause many problems, including in agriculture sector. Antagonist activity of 3 bacteria isolates Bacillus sp. KRG, KRT and LDR have been carried out against Aspergillus niger CP. Dual culture method for antagonist assay was performed using streak, disc, and pour plate technique. Result from the disc technique showed that there is no significant antagonist activity differences between all isolates KRG, KRT, and LDR (51.94 %, 61.24 %, and 54.53 %). The highest inhibition effect was shown clearly in pour plate technique with inhibition value almost 100 %. The LDR isolate was selected for further evaluation based on the physicochemical characters according to strong catalase activity and rapid fermentation. Antibiosis assay was performed in order to evaluate the antifungal compound produced by LDR isolate using agar and broth culture method. The filtrates from growth medium 7, 10 and 12 days fermentation were used for antibiosis assay against Asp. niger CP. The growth of Asp. niger CP was inhibited by 10- and 12-days filtrate fermentation in all the 2 methods used. The percentage of inhibition of isolates observed in agar culture were 84.41 % and 84.21 %. Biomass of Asp. niger CP reduced by 74.55 % and 85.54 %.
The effects of apple juice (Malus sylverstris-Mill) as a natural antioxidant on spermatozoa viability of Tor soro 24 hours postcryopreservation
Authors: Arief M Z , Anabella N A , Muhiardi I , Abinawanto  , Arifin O Z
Published: October 2021

The population of Tor soro in Indonesia continues to decline due to overfishing. In T. soro farming, the gonad maturity between males and females tends to be asynchronous. Thus, it is necessary to have a stock of milt that can be used at any time for fertilization of the eggs by cryopreservation. Cryopreservation can cause cell damage due to oxidative stress and can be reduced by the addition of antioxidants in the cryopreservation medium. Apple (Malus sylverstris-Mill) can act as an additional antioxidant to increase the chance of spermatozoa survival post-cryopreservation. This study aims to study the influence of adding various concentrations of apple juice (0 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %) and determine which is most optimal in maintaining the viability of T. soro spermatozoa 24 hours post-cryopreservation with a 1:9 milt-diluent ratio. The mean viability of T. soro spermatozoa post-cryopreservation in 0 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % concentrations are 12.01 ± 2.24 %, 8.10 ± 4.53 %, 53 ± 5.14 %, and 6.23 ± 4 % respectively. The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed that the apple juice in various concentrations did not affect the viability of T. soro spermatozoa 24 hours post-cryopreservation (P>0.5).
Micromorphometric analysis of five Begonia spp. leaves (Begoniaceae)
Authors: Suffan W , Metusala D , Nisyawati
Published: October 2021

Begonia is one of the largest plant genera that widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics. This genus has important value and has been cultivated intensively as ornamental plants. Hence, this purpose of this research is to investigate the leaf anatomical characteristic of five Begonia species; B. maculata, B. cucullata, B. masoniana, B. acetosa and B. listada; which are important in horticulture. The mini-microtome with a liquid preservation method has been used to obtain the transverse section. The result showed that the epidermis, hypodermis, and trichome characters are varied, and each species could have a different character’s combination. The qualitative and quantitative parameters of five Begonia were also described and compared in this study.
Analysis of submarine landslide potential that can trigger tsunami based on seismic reflection interpretation
Authors: Yazida D M , Supriyanto  , Priyanto W S
Published: October 2021

The megathrust at the west part of Sumatera can produce a lot of earthquakes. Several earthquakes in Sumatera that occurred from 2004 to 2007 raised tsunami with various heights. The high tectonic activity in this area can trigger landslides in the ocean which may lead to tsunami. Therefore, research about seabed landslides needs to be done in this zone. The study identified the seabed geological structure from 2D seismic section in the east part of Siberut Island. The seismic section was generated from seismic processing of Seismic Line-05 (AA’). The seismic data were acquired using LIPI Baruna Jaya VIII research vessel on the Pre-Tsunami Investigation of Seismic Gap (PreTI-Gap) marine expedition in 2008. Seismic section interpretation shows the presence of backthrust on this seismic line. The bathymetry data from the Geospatial Information Agency and marine survey are used to make bathymetry map, bathymetry charts, and slope map. Analysis using 2D seismic section, bathymetry data, and slope map shows the steep zones at 3–5 km and at 15–16 km from the south west edge of Seismic Line-05 (AA’) with 180 m and 300 m bathymetry drop, respectively. These steep zones must be watched because they can trigger submarine landslides and tsunami.
Mineralogy of travertine deposit in Cisolok geothermal field, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Firdaus A , Kurniadi D T , Sahradani D N , Supriyanto
Published: October 2021

Travertine is a geothermal surface feature that forms by the deposition of carbonate from discharging supersaturated thermal bicarbonate fluid. This study was conducted to determine travertine rocks mineralogy found in Cisolok geothermal area, Sukabumi, West Java. Petrographic, diffraction, and elemental analysis were performed on several recent and paleo-travertine samples. The petrographic and diffraction method confirms the presence of calcite and microcrystalline. The paleo-travertine deposit showed a more diverse texture through chemical elemental analysis. The analysis showed that the abundance of calcite minerals and the absence of aragonite indicate the intermediate low temperature geothermal system in Cisolok.
Hydrothermal vein distribution in skarn type alteration zone of area X at PT. Freeport Indonesia
Authors: Tobing E. , Sihombing F M H
Published: October 2021

Kucing Liar is an economic skarn altered deposited located in Tembagapura, Papua. This deposit was found on Late Cretaceous to Miocene sedimentary rocks of Kembelangan Group and Papua New Guinea Limestone Group. The alteration from this deposit can be divided into groundmass alteration, named penetrative alteration, and selvage alteration forming hydrothermal veins. The penetrative alteration is divided into 9 zones, meanwhile the hydrothermal veins are classified by its mineral composition into 5 types of anhydrite veins, calcite, quartz, sulphide, and gypsum veins. Each vein type will associate the most with different penetrative alteration zone due to its protolith composition and on what stage the vein formed. The anhydrite and quartz veins are found to be associated the most with calc-silicate hornfels zone with the anhydrite sources came from calcite and quartz sources came from the surrounding rocks which the alteration fluid passed through. The sulphide and calcite veins are found to associate the most with dolomitization zone with calcite sources came from the surrounding rock and sulphide deposited filling the open spaces, such as fracture, in crystalline dolostone. Gypsum veins are found to associate the most with fault zone because it formed from the alteration of calcite by faulting process.
Study of altered lithologies in Gunung Lawu, Central Java, Indonesia using petrographic analysis
Authors: Sari E K , Ponka M A , Sahradani D N , Yoga D A , Supriyanto
Published: October 2021

Gunung Lawu is one of the areas that have geothermal potential in Indonesia. One way to find out if an area has a geothermal potential is to know the alteration that occurs in the rocks in that area. Alteration is a very complicated process that involves changes in mineralogy, chemistry, and texture caused by the interaction of hot fluids with the rock in its path. This research aims to identify mineral and intensity of alteration in the research area with petrographic analysis and hand specimen description. The petrographic analysis method is used to identify unaltered or altered minerals present in the sample rocks of the study area. In addition to using petrographic analysis, it is also seen through hand specimen descriptions and also outcrops to see the lithology of rocks in the research area. From the sample of this research, it can be classified by three categories. There are unaltered rocks, weak intensity alteration and strong intensity alteration. Unaltered rocks were found in SLM and BNA, weak intensity alteration was found in NGY 1 and strong intensity alteration was found in LWU. In NGY 1 sample, chlorite alteration mineral was found, while in LWU, goethite alteration mineral was found. The occurrence of alteration in the area may be due to the area being passed by faults which interact with hydrothermal fluid. These faults also become the fluid pathway for the geothermal reservoir. The heat from the reservoir is able to change the mineral composition of the rock. In LWU, a fault is passed which produces fumarole manifestations, and NGY 1 is passed by a fault that forms hot spring manifestations.
Spatial pattern change of land use change in tidal flood area of the coast of Cirebon Regency
Authors: Andika I P A , Tambunan M P , Marko K
Published: October 2021

Tidal flood is one of the threats found in the coastal areas of Cirebon Regency, especially in Pangenan, Gebang and Losari Districts. The changing coastal conditions and the changing land use have worsened the tidal flood. The purpose of this research is to analyse the spatial pattern of land use change in the tidal flood area. This study uses spatial analysis and temporal and spatial metrics. Temporal, spatial analysis is used to see changes in land use in tidal flood areas in 2002, 2009, and 2019, while spatial metrics are used to see these patterns, especially aggregation and diversity. The results of processing show that changes in land use in 2002–2019 were dominated by ponds and irrigated rice fields. The largest land use area in the tidal flood area is in ponds, but the increase has continued to occur in residential and built-up land from 2002 to 2019. Overall, the spatial metric results show that land use fragmentation in the coastal zone of Cirebon Regency in the tidal flood area is increasing. However, the development of land use in the coastal district of Cirebon Regency is low due to tidal flood.
Lobster aquaculture location selection based on oceanographic conditions using remote sensing (Case study: Ciletuh Bay, Sukabumi, Indonesia)
Authors: Suhermat M , Dimyati M , Supriatna  , Martono  , Susanti I
Published: October 2021

Lobster (Panulirus spp.) is one of the marine resources that has high economic value, both locally and internationally. Ciletuh Bay has potential as a lobster cultivation location. The growth of lobsters is influenced by the conditions of the aquatic environment, especially the salinity and sea surface temperature. Remote sensing method can identify and analyse salinity and sea surface temperature. Salinity value obtained using Cilamaya algorithm, and sea surface temperature obtained using Syariz algorithm. This study aims to select a suitable location for lobster cultivation in Ciletuh Bay using a remote sensing approach. Map of salinity distribution and sea surface temperature is obtained from Landsat-8 imagery. The condition of water quality parameters in the Ciletuh Bay was quite suitable to be used as a lobster cultivation location. The distribution of salinity shows a dominance value 28.0–32.0, the distribution of sea surface temperature shows a dominance value 25.0–29.0, and the distribution of pH shows a dominance value 7.0–14.0. Based on the analysis of sea water quality parameters in Ciletuh Bay, most of the waters of Ciletuh Bay have a high suitability for lobster cultivation, covering an area of 253.01 ha.
Discreteness of deformations of cocompact discrete subgroups
Authors: Margulis G. , Soifer G.
Published: October 2021

We prove the discreteness of small deformations of a discrete cocompact subgroup of isometries of a locally compact metric space under some natural restrictions.
Topological isotopy and Cochran’s derived invariants
Authors: Melikhov Sergey
Published: October 2021

We construct a link in the

3
3

-space that is not isotopic to any PL link (non-ambiently). In fact, we show that there exist uncountably many

I
I

-equivalence classes of links.

The paper also includes some observations on Cochran’s invariants

β
i

\beta _i

.
Optimizing genomic control in mixed model associations with binary diseases
Authors: Song Yuxin , Yang Li’ang , Jiang Li , Hao Zhiyu , Yang Runqing , Xu Pao
Published: October 2021

Complex computation and approximate solution hinder the application of generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) into genome-wide association studies. We extended GRAMMAR to handle binary diseases by considering genomic breeding values (GBVs) estimated in advance as a known predictor in genomic logit regression, and then reduced polygenic effects by regulating downward genomic heritability to control false negative errors produced in the association tests. Using simulations and case analyses, we showed in optimizing GRAMMAR, polygenic effects and genomic controls could be evaluated using the fewer sampling markers, which extremely simplified GLMM-based association analysis in large-scale data. Further, joint association analysis for quantitative trait nucleotide (QTN) candidates chosen by multiple testing offered significant improved statistical power to detect QTNs over existing methods.
Molecular ecology of the fiddler crab Austruca perplexa (H. Milne Edwards, 1852): genetic divergence along a major biogeographical barrier, Wallace’s Line
Authors: Hardianto Eko , Permata Wijayanti Diah , Shy Jhy-Yun , Mather Peter , Hughes Jane , Imai Hideyuki
Published: October 2021

Genetic diversity and population structure in the fiddler crab Austruca perplexa were investigated to acquire a better understanding of the evolutionary history of the species. Nucleotide sequence analysis was performed from a polymerase chain reaction-amplified fragment of the mitochondrial DNA control region. A 691 bp nucleotide sequence was obtained from 618 specimens collected from 13 sites across Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Indonesia and Australia. Haplotype diversity ranged from 0.8 to 0.99, and nucleotide diversity values were lower (range, 0.30–1.9%) than those reported previously for other crustacean taxa. Gene flow was evident within populations in Japan and western Indonesia, but absent among all other populations, including eastern Indonesia. This pattern conforms to the one observed in many other marine taxa across the major biogeographical region referred to as Wallacea. The population pairwise fixation index (FST) and FSTP-values were high and significant among many sites, implying that gene flow is restricted among most of the geographical regions sampled here. We hypothesize that physical oceanic barriers coupled with a short pelagic larval duration are responsible for creating the patterns we found. Strong evidence for population structure in a species that has relatively high dispersal potential, resulting in among-population differentiation, is a potential driver of evolutionary novelty. Our results provide a foundation for developing better conservation strategies for this widespread intertidal species.