bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
External Communication of Costume Culture in Chinese Film and Television Works
Authors: Pan Chong , Alizadeh Farideh
Published: November 2024

In the context of new media, the speed of external dissemination of Chinese film and television works has been accelerating, and the effect has become more obvious. At the same time, the external communication of film and television costume culture has also increased in development. Referring to the relevant principles of communication and film and television studies, this article analyses the development of new media employing literature and textual analyses. This study expounds on the development and communication of Chinese film and television series and the process, status, value and strategy of the external communication of film and television costume culture. This article summarizes the problems of external communication of costume culture in film and television works under the vision of new media and proffers suggestions for improvement, which will provide a reference for creating film and television dramas and the communication of film and television costumes in the future.
Abundance: Asymmetric graph removal lemmas and integer solutions to linear equations
Authors: Girão António , Hurley Eoin , Illingworth Freddie , Michel Lukas
Published: November 2024

We prove that a large family of pairs of graphs satisfy a polynomial dependence in asymmetric graph removal lemmas. In particular, we give an unexpected answer to a question of Gishboliner, Shapira and Wigderson by showing that for every , there are ‐abundant graphs of chromatic number . Using similar methods, we also extend work of Ruzsa by proving that a set which avoids solutions with distinct integers to an equation of genus at least two has size . The best previous bound was and the exponent of is best possible in such a result. Finally, we investigate the relationship between polynomial dependencies in asymmetric removal lemmas and the problem of avoiding integer solutions to equations. The results suggest a potentially deep correspondence. Many open questions remain.
On the spectral variety for rank two Higgs bundles
Authors: He Siqi , Liu Jie
Published: November 2024

In this article, we study the Hitchin morphism over a smooth projective variety. The Hitchin morphism is a map from the moduli space of Higgs bundles to the Hitchin base, which in general not surjective when the dimension of the variety is greater than one. Chen–Ngô introduced the spectral base, which is a closed subvariety of the Hitchin base. They conjectured that the Hitchin morphism is surjective to the spectral base and also proved that the surjectivity is equivalent to the existence of finite Cohen–Macaulayfications of the spectral varieties. For rank two Higgs bundles over a projective manifold, we explicitly construct a finite Cohen–Macaulayfication of the spectral variety as a double branched covering, thereby confirming Chen–Ngô's conjecture. Moreover, using this Cohen–Macaulayfication, we can construct the Hitchin section for rank two Higgs bundles, which allows us to study the rigidity problem of the character variety and also to explore a generalization of the Milnor–Wood‐type inequality.
Women in space: A review of known physiological adaptations and health perspectives
Authors: Hughes‐Fulford Millie , Carroll Danielle J. , Allaway Heather C. M. , Dunbar Bonnie J. , Sawyer Aenor J.
Published: November 2024

Exposure to the spaceflight environment causes adaptations in most human physiological systems, many of which are thought to affect women differently from men. Since only 11.5% of astronauts worldwide have been female, these issues are largely understudied. The physiological nuances affecting the female body in the spaceflight environment remain inadequately defined since the last thorough published review on the subject. A PubMed literature search yielded over 2200 publications. Using NASA's 2014 review series ‘The effects of sex and gender on adaptation to space’ as a benchmark, we identified substantive advancements and persistent knowledge gaps in need of further study from the nearly 600 related articles that have been published since the initial review. This review highlights the most critical issues to mitigate medical risk and promote the success of missions to the Moon and Mars. Salient sex‐linked differences observed terrestrially should be studied during upcoming missions, including increased levels of inflammatory markers, coagulation factors and leptin levels following sleep deprivation; correlation between body mass and the severity of spaceflight‐associated neuro‐ocular syndrome; increased incidence of orthostatic intolerance; increased severity of muscle atrophy and bone loss; differences in the incidence of urinary tract infections; and susceptibility to specific cancers after exposure to ionizing radiation. To optimize health and well‐being among all astronauts, it is imperative to prioritize research that considers the physiological nuances of the female body. A more robust understanding of female physiology in the spaceflight environment will support crew readiness for Artemis missions and beyond.
Sex differences in elite track and field performances and inferences about steroid doping
Authors: Collantes Diana B. , Senefeld Jonathon W. , Larson Kathryn F. , Coleman Doriane Lambelet , Joyner Michael J. , Kipp Shalaya
Published: November 2024

Females likely experience larger performance benefits from androgenic‐anabolic steroids than males. We set out to determine if there were temporal differences in select athletics (track and field) records between females and males. Exploratory aims included: (1) evaluating the improvements in female and male world records over time, and (2) investigating the influence of doping programs on male and female world records before and after 1990, when sports governing bodies began to implement random out‐of‐competition and systematic in‐competition drug testing. We collected the top 500 performances of all time for both sexes from an online database (worldathletics.org) in four running events (100, 200, 400 and 800 m) and two throwing events (discus throw and shot‐put). Data were stratified into quintiles based on world record ranking (1st to 100th, 101st to 200th, etc.). The temporal distribution of the top 100 female performers was significantly earlier than the top 100 male performers (year: 2000 ± 1 vs. 2005 ± 1, respectively; P < 0.0001). Within the event, the top performances occurred significantly earlier for females in the 800 m (year: 1995 ± 15 vs. 2003 ± 12; P = 0.0007) and shot‐put (year: 1992 ± 14 vs. 2003 ± 17; P = 0.0004). Among females, world records rapidly improved through the 1980s, but following 1990, the world records ceased to improve. Geographically, there was a greater representation of countries with state‐sponsored doping programs, specifically among female performances. We postulate these sex differences in the temporal distribution of top performances are likely associated with enhanced effectiveness of exogenous androgens (steroid doping) among female athletes with lower endogenous androgen hormones compared to males.
The impact of long‐haul travel and 13 h time change on sleep and rest activity circadian rhythm in speed skaters during World Cup competitions
Authors: Varesco Giorgio , Yao Chun William , Dubé Evelyne , Simonelli Guido , Bieuzen François
Published: November 2024

Athletes frequently compete only a few days after long‐haul travel. Longitudinal real‐world data on athletes’ sleep and sleep–wake cycle in competitive settings remain scarce. This study assessed the impact of a long‐haul travel across ∼13 time zones on sleep patterns, rest–activity circadian rhythms (RAR), and their subsequent effects on neuromuscular function and race performance in the Canadian Short‐Track Speed Skating Team. Nineteen athletes (24 ± 4 years, 11 women) travelled from Montréal (UTC‐5) to Asia (UTC+8, UTC+9) for World Cup races between 2017 and 2019. Actigraphy data were collected before (Baseline) and during travel, during the stay in Asia (SIA), and during competition days. RAR were computed using cosinor analyses on accelerometry data with 24 h phase periods. Countermovement jump height (CMJ) was measured in a subsample (n = 10). Compared to baseline (7:08 ± 0:53), athletes obtained less sleep during travel (6:16 ± 1:27) and competition days (6:35 ± 1:10), and more during SIA (7:32 ± 0:46; time effect P < 0.0001). Sleep efficiency and CMJ were greater in SIA than baseline (P = 0.007 and P = 0.0004, respectively). During SIA, sleep time increased by 9 min per night until the fifth day (P < 0.0001), with a slight decrease in sleep efficiency (P = 0.005) and an increase in CMJ (P < 0.0001). For RAR, mean activity peaked on day 2, shifting from late evening to ∼15:00. Race performance was not different from other races of the same season (P > 0.254). Our results demonstrated that, despite the possible sleep debt from the long‐haul travel, athletes recovered within 5 days, highlighting their adaptability to manage sleep debt and jetlag without impacting competitive outcomes.
Post‐stroke fatigue – a multidimensional problem or a cluster of disorders? A case for phenotyping post‐stroke fatigue
Authors: Kuppuswamy Annapoorna
Published: November 2024

Post‐stroke fatigue is a chronic problem with significant impact on morbidity and mortality, which urgently needs effective treatments. The last decade has seen a considerable increase in interest in understanding the pathophysiology of fatigue and developing treatments. In this review, following a summary of theoretical frameworks to understand chronic fatigue, I make a case for why phenotyping fatigue is a necessary step to fully understand pathophysiology, which in turn is essential for the development of robust treatments. I then appraise current post‐stroke fatigue literature with the view of identifying post‐stroke fatigue phenotypes.

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A Fast Chebyshev Collocation Method for Stability Analysis of a Robotic Machining System With Time Delay
Authors: Li Chenglin , Luo Qingpeng , Meng Guang , Liu Xianbo
Published: November 2024

In the machining process that material removal involves, the time-delay effect due to the regenerative cutting is the root cause of tool chatter, which is a severe nonlinear vibration that leads to system failures. The Chebyshev collocation method (CCM) can be applied to the stability analysis of the delay-affected machining systems. However, when the degree-of-freedom (DOF) of the system is high, the computational efficiency of the Chebyshev collocation method is far lower than the commonly used semidiscretization and full-discretization methods (FDMs). In this article, a robotic milling model allowing an arbitrarily high degree-of-freedom is proposed as a benchmark to evaluate the computation performance for different stability analysis algorithms. An improved algorithm named the “fast Chebyshev collocation method” (FCCM) is proposed to handle the delay differential equation (DDE) with a high degree-of-freedom. The proposed fast Chebyshev collocation method accelerates the traditional Chebyshev collocation method in two approaches: one is the inversion of the matrix when constructing the transition matrix, and the other is the reduction of the dimension of the transition matrix by applying the Sherman–Morrision–Woodbury formula. Subsequently, both the full-discretization method and the proposed method are applied to the robotic milling system to show their convergence rate, computation efficiency, and accuracy. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is overall advantageous to the full-discretization methods in convergence, efficiency, and accuracy even when the degree-of-freedom is sufficiently high, implying that the proposed fast Chebyshev collocation method can be a potential alternative tool to deal with the stability analysis for time-delay systems.
Blade Excitation Alleviation of a Nozzleless Radial Turbine by Casing Treatment Based on Reduced-Order Model
Authors: Yang Mingyang , Lu Zhaokai , Sato Wataru , Kuwata Teppei
Published: November 2024

High cycle fatigue (HCF) is the most common form of blade failure in nozzleless radial turbines. Current studies relating to blade vibration reduction focus on redesign of blade and volute geometries. These methods have the drawbacks of time-consuming, performance sacrifice and lack of generalizability. This paper investigates a novel flow control method for blade vibration reduction without sacrificing the aerodynamic performance based on a reduced-order model. First, the mechanism of the blade excitation is studied by the numerical method validated by experimental measurement. It is confirmed that the blade excitation is triggered by different mechanism between low- and high-pressure ratios. An equivalent excitation pressure is proposed to quantitatively evaluate vibration behaviors of the turbine blade. Based on the mechanism, a reduced-order model is developed to predict the equivalent excitation pressure at high pressure ratio when the excitation is triggered mainly be the disturbance of potential flow field. The method of casing treatment is proposed inspired by the reduced-order model and then optimized to attenuate the blade vibration. The experiment is carried out for the validation of the method and results show that the displacement of the vibration is reduce by 48% by this new method.
A Numerical Study for Nonlinear Time-Space Fractional Reaction-Diffusion Model of Fourth-Order
Authors: Sharma Rashmi , Rajeev
Published: November 2024

In this article, we discuss the fractional temporal-spatial reaction-diffusion model with Neumann boundary conditions in one- and two-dimensional cases. The problem is solved by using a novel approach that depends on the approximation of a variable-order (VO) Caputo fractional derivative in the form of an operational matrix based on the shifted Vieta-Fibonacci (SVF) and collocation procedures. In this proposed scheme, first, the shifted Vieta-Fibonacci and operational matrix are used to approximate the dependent variable and Caputo derivatives of variable order, respectively, to construct the residual connected with the proposed problem. After that, the residual is collocated at some points of the domain, which produces a system of algebraic equations, and this system is solved by an appropriate numerical technique. The convergence and error analysis of the scheme are also analyzed. In this article, we also analyze the order of convergence for the solution of the considered problem. For validation purposes, the proposed scheme is applied to some particular cases of the proposed model, and the comparisons are made with the exact solution. It is found that the scheme is sufficiently accurate, and the accuracy enhances as the degree of approximating polynomials improves.
Non-invasive imaging modalities for diagnosing pulsatile tinnitus: a comprehensive review and recommended imaging algorithm
Authors: Duvvuri Madhavi , Ali Haider , Amans Matthew Robert
Published: November 2024

Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) is a challenging diagnostic condition arising from various vascular, neoplastic, and systemic disorders. Non-invasive imaging is essential for identifying underlying causes while minimizing risks of invasive diagnostic angiography. Although no consensus exists on the primary imaging modality for PT and currently CT, ultrasound, and MRI are used in the diagnostic pathway, MRI is increasingly preferred as the first-line screening test for its diagnostic efficacy and safety. MRI protocols such as time-of-flight, magnetic resonance angiography, diffusion-weighted imaging, and arterial spin labeling can identify serious causes, including vascular shunting lesions, venous sinus stenosis, and tumors. In this narrative review of the current literature we discuss the benefits and limitations of various non-invasive imaging modalities in identifying the characteristic imaging findings of the most common causes of PT and also provide an algorithm that clinicians can use to guide the imaging evaluation.
Dark matter scattering off $$ ^{4}$$He in chiral effective field theory
Authors: Vries J. de , Körber C. , Nogga A. , Shain S.
Published: November 2024

We study dark matter scattering off $$ ^4$$

4

He and other light nuclei using chiral effective field theory. We consider scalar DM interactions and include both one- and two-nucleon scattering processes. The DM interactions and nuclear wave functions are obtained from chiral effective field theory and we work up to fourth order in the chiral expansion for the latter to investigate the chiral convergence. The results for the scattering rates can be used to determine the sensitivity of planned experiments to detect relatively light dark matter particles using $$ ^4$$

4

He. We find that next-to-leading-order scalar currents are smaller than expected from power counting for scattering off $$ ^4$$

4

He confirming earlier work. However, the results for two-nucleon corrections exhibit a linear regulator dependence indicating potential problems in the applied power counting. We observe a linear correlation between the, in principle not observable, D-wave probability of various light nuclei and the scalar two-nucleon matrix elements, again pointing towards potentially missing contributions.
Gender Bias in Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision: A Comparative Survey
Authors: Bartl Marion , Mandal Abhishek , Leavy Susan , Little Suzanne
Published: November 2024

Taking an interdisciplinary approach to surveying issues around gender bias in textual and visual AI, we present literature on gender bias detection and mitigation in NLP, CV, as well as combined visual-linguistic models. We identify conceptual parallels between these strands of research as well as how methodologies were adapted cross-disciplinary from NLP to CV. We also find that there is a growing awareness for theoretical frameworks from the social sciences around gender in NLP that could be beneficial for aligning bias analytics in CV with human values and conceptualising gender beyond the binary categories of male/female.
DP-Poison: Poisoning Federated Learning under the Cover of Differential Privacy
Authors: Zheng Haibin , Chen Jinyin , Liu Tao , Cheng Yao , Wang Zhao , Wang Yun , Gao Lan , Ji Shouling , Zhang Xuhong
Published: November 2024

Federated learning (FL) enables resource-constrained node devices to learn a shared model while keeping the training data local. Since recent research has demonstrated multiple privacy leakage attacks in FL, e.g., gradient inference attacks and membership inference attacks, differential privacy (DP) is applied to serve as one of the most effective privacy protection mechanisms. Despite the benefit DP brings, we observe that the introduction of DP also brings random changes to client updates, which will affect the robust aggregation algorithms. We reveal a novel poisoning attack under the cover of DP, named the
DP-Poison
attack in FL. Specifically, the DP-Poison attack is designed to achieve four goals: (1) maintaining the main task performance; (2) launching a successful attack; (3) escaping the robust aggregation algorithms in FL; and (4) keeping the effectiveness of DP privacy protection. To achieve these goals, we design multiple optimization goals to generate DP noise through a genetic algorithm. The optimization ensures that while the benign updates change randomly, the malicious updates can change toward the global model after adding the DP noise, so that it is easier to be accepted by the robust aggregation algorithms. Extensive experiments show that DP-Poison achieves a nearly 100% attack success rate while maintaining the proposed four goals.
Towards Better Comprehension of Breaking Changes in the NPM Ecosystem
Authors: Kong Dezhen , Liu Jiakun , Bao Lingfeng , Lo David
Published: November 2024

Code evolution is prevalent in software ecosystems, which can provide many benefits, such as new features, bug fixes, security patches, etc., while still introducing breaking changes that make downstream projects fail to work. Breaking changes cause a lot of effort to both downstream and upstream developers: downstream developers need to adapt to breaking changes and upstream developers are responsible for identifying and documenting them. In the NPM ecosystem, characterized by frequent code changes and a high tolerance for making breaking changes, the effort is larger.

For better comprehension of breaking changes in the NPM ecosystem and to enhance breaking change detection tools, we conduct a large-scale empirical study to investigate breaking changes in the NPM ecosystem. We construct a dataset of explicitly documented breaking changes from 381 popular NPM projects. We find that 95.4% of the detected breaking changes can be covered by developers’ documentation, and 19% of the breaking changes cannot be detected by regression testing. Then in the process of investigating source code of our collected breaking changes, we yield a taxonomy of JavaScript and TypeScript-specific syntactic breaking changes and a taxonomy of major types of behavioral breaking changes. Additionally, we investigate the reasons why developers make breaking changes in NPM and find three major reasons, i.e., to reduce code redundancy, to improve identifier names, and to improve API design, and each category contains several sub-items.

We provide actionable implications for future research, e.g., automatic naming and renaming techniques should be applied in JavaScript projects to improve identifier names, future research can try to detect more types of behavioral breaking changes. By presenting the implications, we also discuss the weakness of automatic renaming and breaking change detection approaches, such as the lack of support for public identifiers and various types of breaking changes.
Real-time Rectifying Flight Control Misconfiguration Using Intelligent Agent
Authors: Han Ruidong , Xu Shangzhi , Li Juanru , Bertino Elisa , Lo David , Ma JianFeng , Ma Siqi
Published: November 2024

Configurations are supported by most flight control systems, allowing users to control a flying drone adapted to complexities such as environmental changes or mission alterations. Such an advanced functionality also introduces a significant problem - misconfiguration settings. It may cause drone instability, threaten drone safety, and potentially lead to substantial financial loss. However, detecting and rectifying misconfigurations across different flight control systems is challenging because 1) (mis)configuration-related code snippets might be syntactically correct and thus hard to identify through traditional code analysis; 2) the response to each configuration varies under different flying scenarios.

In this paper, we propose and implement a novel rectification approach,
Nyctea
, to detect instability caused by misconfigurations and conduct an on-the-fly rectification.
Nyctea
first continuously inspects state changes over consecutive time intervals and calculates the overall deviations to determine whether a drone is in a transition of instability to control loss. When a potential instability is reported,
Nyctea
instantly invokes a pre-trained intelligent agent to automatically generate proper configurations and then re-configure the drone against entering a state of loss of control. This process of reconfiguration is conducted iteratively until the instability is eliminated. We integrated
Nyctea
with the widely used flight control system,
Ardupilot
and
PX4
. The simulated and practical experiment results showed that
Nyctea
successfully eliminates instabilities caused by 85% of misconfigurations. For each misconfiguration,
Nyctea
averagely generated 4 to 5 configurations to achieve a successful rectification.
A Survey on Emerging Trends and Applications of 5G and 6G to Healthcare Environments
Authors: Ullah Shamsher , Li Jianqiang , Chen Jie , Ali Ikram , Khan Salabat , Ahad Abdul , Ullah Farhan , Leung Victor C. M.
Published: November 2024

A delay, interruption, or failure in the wireless connection has a significant impact on the performance of wirelessly connected medical equipment. Researchers presented the fastest technological innovations and industrial changes to address these problems and improve the applications of information and communication technology. The development of the 6G communication infrastructure was greatly aided by the use of Block-chain technology, artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), and the Internet of Things (IoT). In this article, we comprehensively discuss 6G technologies enhancement, its fundamental architecture, difficulties, and other issues associated with it. In addition, the outcomes of our research help make 6G technology more applicable to real-world medical environments. The most important thing that this study has contributed is an explanation of the path that future research will take and the current state-of-the-art. This study might serve as a jumping-off point for future researchers in the academic world who are interested in investigating the possibilities of 6G technological developments.
Cyclone Ventilator Modification: An Environmentally Friendly Solution for the Homes of Patients With Tuberculosis and Acute Respiratory Infections
Authors: Khambali  , Rachmaniyah  , Mulsiswanto Slamet , Auliah Hapsari Adella Putri
Published: November 2024

Poor indoor air quality is one of the factors that can cause health problems. Tuberculosis (TB) and acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are among the diseases often associated with indoor air quality. In 2022, the highest number of TB cases was recorded in Surabaya, with 4739 cases. The research location, at the Wonokusumo Public Health Center, still reported a high number of TB cases, with 126 cases in 2022 and 84 cases in 2023. The use of Cyclone Ventilator Modification (CVM) has shown to improve the indoor air quality of occupants. This study aims to analyze the capability and the time required for the CVM to enhance the indoor air quality in homes of TB and ARI patients, using indicators such as temperature, humidity, airborne microbiology, air flow rate, PM2.5 dust particles, and lighting. This experimental study uses a One Group Pre‐Test Post‐Test Design to test changes following the experiment. The device operates on the principle of improving air quality, including temperature, humidity, air flow rate, lighting, and the ability to reduce airborne microbiology and PM2.5 dust particles indoors. The effectiveness of the CVM in improving indoor air quality for TB and ARI patients is analyzed using a paired T‐test analysis, revealing significant differences in indoor air quality indicators before and after the device’s operation. The results obtained show that the two‐tailed significance value is less than 0, indicating a significant difference between the initial and final variables. After CVM operation in five homes with eight replications, the CVM’s effectiveness was optimal in relation to room area/volume. This study was conducted as a simple step to minimize pollutants and improve indoor air quality. These findings can be applied and utilized to create healthier buildings or homes.
Growth, Feed Utilization, Lipid Metabolism, and Metamorphosis of Bullfrog (Aquarana catesbeianus) Tadpoles Fed Diets With Different Lipid Levels
Authors: Gao Juan , Wang Ling , Zhang Jian , Lu Kangle , Song Kai , Li Xueshan , Zhang Chunxiao
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the effect of dietary lipid levels on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, digestive enzyme activity, and metamorphosis rate of bullfrog (Aquarana catesbeianus) tadpoles. A total of six isonitrogenous diets were prepared, each containing 4.46% (L5), 6.95% (L7), 9.10% (L9), 10.90% (L11), 12.34% (L13), and 15.00% (L15) crude lipid content. The experimental diets were administered to triplicates of tadpoles (stage 25, 0.007 g) twice daily for 75 days with a daily feeding rate of 6.50% of their body weight. Weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), crude protein content of the whole body, apparent digestibility of dry matter and gross energy, intestinal lipase (LPS) capacity, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐I (CPT‐I) and contents of growth hormone (GH) and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) in the liver, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) content in the serum, and metamorphosis rate at stages 40 and 41 increased as the dietary lipid level increased from 4.46% to 12.34% and then decreased. As the dietary lipid level increased from 4.46% to 10.90%, the protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein deposition rate (PDR), lipid deposition rate (LDR), crude lipid content and gross energy of the whole body, apparent digestibility of the crude lipid, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities in the liver, and the intestinal trypsin (TPS) activity all increased and then decreased. According to the second‐order polynomial regression analysis of the WG and metamorphosis rate at stage 41 to the dietary lipid level, the ideal dietary lipid content for tadpoles was 11.08% and 10.72%, respectively. Overall, the appropriate dietary lipid level for bullfrog tadpoles was found to be 10.72%–11.08% of the diet.
High Prevalence of Pfhrp2/3 Gene Deletions and Major Threat to Malaria Control Programs in Ethiopia
Authors: Getie Sisay , Mekonnen Gebeyaw Getnet , Meda Aline Lamien , Birhanie Meseret , Abere Aberham , Noedl Harald
Published: November 2024

Background: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) targeting pfhistidine‐rich protein 2 (Pfhrp2) are widely used for diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infections in resource‐limited malaria endemic countries. However, test results are affected by deletions of the Pfhrp2, Pfhrp3, and flanking genes and associated negative results from rapid diagnostic devices were previously reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal the existing genetic profile of Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 genes of P. falciparum‐infected patients in northwestern Ethiopia.

Methods: A total number of 302 blood samples were collected from children at Chilga (Aykel, Negade Bahir), and Sanja health centers in northwestern Ethiopia. Thirty‐three (10.9%) samples tested positive for P. falciparum malaria. The Pfhrp2, Pfhrp3, and flanking genes (MAL7P1_228 and MAL7P1_230 for Pfhrp2, and MAL13P1_475 and MAL13P1_485 for Pfhrp3) were amplified using standard nested‐PCR.

Results: Pfhrp2 and both of its flanking genes were found to be present in 12 (36.4%) out of the 33 samples. Twenty‐one (63.6%) samples tested negative for the Pfhrp2 gene and 19 samples (57.6%) tested positive for at least one of the flanking genes. Five (15.2%) samples gave positive results for the Pfhrp3 gene and both of its flanking genes, whereas 16 (48.5%) tested negative for all three.

Conclusions: Our study provides widespread deletions in the Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 genes in Ethiopia, thereby confirming anecdotal reports of diagnostic failure with Pfhrp2‐based RDTs in the region. The implications of our finding for the current diagnostic paradigm, which relies on the detection of P. falciparum by Pfhrp2‐based RDTs in remote areas, may need rethinking.
O Parque do Povo na centralidade da metrópole paulistana: a destruição de um patrimônio cultural popular
Authors: Scifoni Simone
Published: November 2024

Uma característica marcante da atual produção e reprodução do espaço nas cidades brasileiras tem sido o verdadeiro “bota-abaixo”, ou seja, destruição do ambiente construído do passado sob o comando do mercado imobiliário e sua constante busca do lucro e da valorização do capital. Vive-se, assim, uma dinâmica urbana tensionada pelo poder econômico que impõe a lógica da urbanização como negócio. Isso tem resultado na eliminação de testemunhos e marcas fundamentais da história e do cotidiano das classes trabalhadoras das cidades, pois não há uma política pública que se ocupe da preservação dos bens materiais ligados ao universo da cultura popular. O objetivo do presente artigo é, assim, problematizar o tema a partir do caso do Parque do Povo, em São Paulo, mostrando como se deu a sua destruição, que foi resultado de ações do poder público voltadas ao atendimento de interesses da valorização imobiliária na nova centralidade dos negócios da metrópole paulistana.
Museu das Remoções da Vila Autódromo: memória comunitária como instrumento da luta pelo direito à moradia
Authors: Bogado Diana
Published: November 2024

Às vésperas dos megaeventos esportivos internacionais realizados no Brasil, Copa do Mundo FIFA de 2014 e Jogos da XXXI Olimpíada de 2016, o Rio de Janeiro passou por intensa reformulação territorial com caráter gentrificador e significativo impacto às comunidades carentes. Neste contexto, a comunidade Vila Autódromo, localizada na Barra da Tijuca, Zona Oeste da cidade, merece destaque por haver resistido à ofensiva política de remoção levada a cabo pela prefeitura municipal. Por meio de intensa mobilização social, a comunidade conquistou o direito de permanecer na área e construiu um museu social, o Museu das Remoções, que conta sua história e denuncia a violenta política de remoções perpetrada pela prefeitura durante a preparação da cidade Olímpica.
São Luiz do Paraitinga: o rio e os cenários pós-enchentes
Authors: Allucci Renata Rendelucci , Schicchi Maria Cristina da Silva
Published: November 2024

The city of São Luiz do Paraitinga has had a unique trajectory in relation to the context of cities in the Paraíba Valley region, in São Paulo, Brazil. Since the foundation of its settlement and the planning of its layout in the 18th century by Morgado de Mateus, the town has remained on the fringes of regional development, playing a less important role in the coffeeproduction circuit, which has allowed certain local traditions to remain, such as the caipira culture, the  rural way of life and the religious festivities that are still local attractions today. In 2010, an unprecedented floodswept through its historic center. Buildings made of wattle and daub were unable to withstand the water and collapsed, with partial and total damage remaining. The reconstruction of the city, as well as the landmarks listed at state and federal level, represent a unique case among similar Brazilian cases, which  justified a more in-depth study. The 1982 Conselho de Defesa do Patrimônio Histórico, Arqueológico, Artístico e Turístico do Estado and 2010 Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional  registrations reiterated the importance of the city center, its architectural ensemble and its landscape, as it was one of the first planned foundations. However, the social, cultural and economic contrasts between the Historic Center and other neighborhoods in the city  raise the question of the effectiveness of landmarks and their management as a Historic and Landscape Heritage. In 2022, the cycle restarted and a flood again caused damage to at least  120 buildings. Faced with this fact, the question arises of how to preserve a landscape that is permanently at risk.
Destruições da arquitetura: fragilidades patrimoniais em tempos de crise
Authors: Nascimento Flávia Brito do
Published: November 2024

O Dossiê traz contribuições de estudiosos de campos disciplinares variados como a arquitetura e urbanismo, antropologia, história, geografia e museologia para debater casos, histórias, lugares e pessoas afetadas pelas destruições ao patrimônio. Os artigos aqui reunidos discutem múltiplas dimensões das perdas e dos significados do patrimônio no país, da gestão aos inventários, das soluções e aos significados, dos afetos e memórias, os vestígios e os fragmentos, e, finalmente as completudes e ausências das novas materialidades após as perdas.
Discussões Sobre a Representatividade no Brasil: reflexos de um país desigual
Authors: Diniz Henrique Jordão , Silva Nicolas Raposo , Oliveira Maria Clara de , Gallo Ravi Nesteriuk Silva
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo consiste em demonstrar, por meio de referências literárias e pesquisas científicas, como a colonização, o capital e o eurocentrismo mudaram o curso mundial para o que se tem nos dias de hoje. E principalmente, um enfoque na questão colonial e eurocêntrica, em como as antigas colônias, com enfoque no Brasil, enxergam sua própria identidade, principalmente na disposição do sistema político. O artigo apresenta referência a autores clássicos como Karl Marx e Max Weber, bem como pensadores modernos como Guillermo O' Donnell. Em suas concessões finais, nota-se como o curso histórico político abrange preconceitos que foram enraizados com a falta de identificações minoritárias em seu sistema político, enfraquecendo assim, um sistema democrático de direitos e ações em políticas públicas. Porém, reforça a importância do fortalecimento democrático, o investimento em ferramentas e sistemas de cada vez mais transparência e inclusão do cidadão nos processos decisórios, fundamentando, assim, o processo participativo.
Participation and Collective Harm
Authors: van Oeveren Rutger , Wieland Jan Willem
Published: November 2024

Many global problems nowadays are collective action problems. It is only because many people act in some way that certain problems arise (e.g., climate harms). But when can one be said to participate in such groups in the first place? As Derek Parfit asked, “When we appeal to what groups together do, whom should we count as members of these groups?” As Julia Nefsky has shown, this problem has proven to be notoriously tricky, and without any adequate solution. We present a solution. The proposed account not only overcomes a number of problems for participation-based views, according to which it is morally problematic to participate in such groups at all, but also helps make precise a prominent alternative view, according to which one should help bring about better outcomes.
The Force Intervention Brigade in the drc, Civilian Security and Women Peace and Security
Authors: Heathcote Gina , Kula Lucia
Published: November 2024

This article examines the UN Security Council (unsc) authorised Force Intervention Brigade (fib) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (drc) and the component of the mandate that articulates civilian security as a rationale for justified force. In examining civilian protection (articulated as both civilian security and as the protection of civilians), we explore the parallels between the women, peace and security agenda and the image – versus the reality – of civilian vulnerability in the drc. In focusing on the narratives of civilian security we explore how the ten years of repeat authorisations for the fib replicate heteronormative and colonial tropes that have ultimately undermined security in the drc and, for international lawyers, undermine peacekeeping principles, authorisations of force, and understandings of consent. The contradictions between the Security Council’s commitments to addressing and preventing conflict-related sexual violence and the mobilisation of the fib are drawn on to demonstrate the ways in which gender simultaneously strengthens the Council’s legitimacy and yet produces few spaces of significant change from a feminist perspective. We conclude that not only is the legacy of the fib detrimental to women’s security in the drc given reports of sexual exploitation and abuse (sea) perpetrated by peacekeepers but that the fib has transformed peacekeeping away from peace, embedding militarised responses to a complex humanitarian crisis.
Examining the Relationship Between Mental Health Diagnoses and Write-Ups During Incarceration
Authors: Derlic Dragana , Kokkalera Stuti S. , Bourgeois Jennifer Wyatt
Published: November 2024

Prior research has examined the prevalence of mental health diagnosis among incarcerated individuals. However, there is little research that has explored the link between having a mental health diagnosis and receiving write-ups (i.e., notice of disciplinary infractions) during incarceration. To better understand the relationship between having a mental health diagnosis and the prevalence of disciplinary infractions, we draw on data from the 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates. We further analyze any differences in these links for males and females, while controlling for relevant demographic variables. Study findings have implications for specialized mental health care and training of correctional staff.
Neighbourhood First? Status Quo of India’s Trade with the Neighbours
Authors: Saikia Munmi , Hoque Deluwar
Published: November 2024

Driven by the objective to create a congenial relationship with the neighbours, the Narendra Modi Government of India instituted the ‘ Neighbourhood First’ policy (NFP) in 2014 which is a continuation of the neighbourhood policy with some new features. Sadly, despite India’s diligent effort expended to enhance its relationship with its neighbours, all exercises were nugatory. It poses the question of how India can effectively pursue the objectives of its foreign policies. The realisation of the NFP’s intended goals remains ambiguous. Consequently, it becomes imperative to assess the impact of Modi’s NFP at this opportune moment. Bilateral trade serves as an essential indicator, reflecting the state of relationships between nations. Thus, this study raises two key questions: first, whether the neighbourhood factor influences India’s exports, and second, how the NFP affects India’s trade with neighbouring countries. The study aims to quantify the impact of the neighbourhood on India’s exports and evaluate the NFP’s role in facilitating trade within the region. The findings reveal that the neighbourhood, as a collective entity, significantly influences India’s exports to neighbouring countries. However, when considering individual countries, the results present a different perspective. Moreover, the study demonstrates that, despite the NFP’s original intention to promote friendly relations with its neighbours, it has not been notably successful. The failure of this policy, along with India’s deteriorating relationships with its neighbors, is evident in its export patterns.

JEL Codes: F13, F14
How does the service quality in refugee camps, affect the satisfaction of Syrian immigrants?
Authors: Keser Ahmet , Cetindas Ahmet , Celik Esra
Published: November 2024

The immense influx of refugees after the Syrian conflict started in 2011 has rendered Kilis among the provinces hosting the highest number of Syrian asylum seekers in Türkiye. This study examines the effect of the service quality at Kilis’ Elbeyli Temporary Accommodation Center on asylum seekers’ satisfaction. We conducted 320 surveys with Syrian asylum seekers from among the 8008 residents in the Center. After the analysis, it was found that the perceived service quality positively impacted asylum seekers’ satisfaction. The results can contribute to the performance of the social work public officials employed in refugee camps.
High-degree cubature particle filter for nonlinear system with missing measurements
Authors: Yang Zhenrong , Zhang Xing , Kang Liman , You Jingyao
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we present a novel high-degree cubature particle filter for nonlinear systems with missing measurements to limit particle degradation. For the proposed particle filter, we derive the explicit formulae for the importance function and its corresponding weights, which take into account missing measurements. To fulfill the numerical integrals calculation of the formulae in the importance function, we employed the fifth-degree spherical-radial cubature rule to give the high-degree cubature particle filtering algorithm. A simulation example shows that the high-degree cubature particle filter increases the effective sample size and improves estimation accuracy compared with the existing bootstrap particle filter, extended particle filter, and unscented particle filter for the nonlinear systems under discussion.
Efficacy of Clarithromycin Combined with Fluticasone Propionate on Nasal Function, Nasal Mucociliary Transport Function, and Serum Inflammatory Markers in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients After Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Wu Yuhua , Shi Xuezheng , Ni Shuren , Sun Hao
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aims to assess the efficacy of clarithromycin (CAM) combined with fluticasone propionate (FP) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), focusing on nasal function, nasal mucociliary transport (MCT) function, and serum inflammatory markers. Methods: The control group (n = 48) was treated with FESS alone, while the study group (n = 48) was treated with FESS plus CAM combined with FP. The clinical effects, symptom scores, nasal function, nasal MCT function, serum inflammatory marker levels, and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared. Results: The total efficacy rate of the study group (95.83%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (83.33%). After treatment, the study group showed lower symptom scores for nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing and dizziness, and headache compared to those in the control group. The study group also had lower nasal airway resistance, shorter distance from the minimal cross-sectional area to the nostril, and lower T&T olfactory scores. In contrast, their nasal cavity volume and minimal cross-sectional area were higher than those of the control group. Additionally, the nasal mucociliary clearance and MCT rates were higher in the study group. Serum levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and procalcitonin were significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group (all P < .05). Conclusion: The use of CAM combined with FP in patients after FESS for CRS is effective, leading to the relief of clinical symptoms, improvement of nasal function, enhancement of MCT function, and reduction of inflammatory response, without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions.
Distributed misbehavior monitors for socially organized autonomous systems
Authors: Fagiolini Adriano , Dini Gianluca , Massa Federico , Pallottino Lucia , Bicchi Antonio
Published: November 2024

In systems in which many heterogeneous agents operate autonomously, with competing goals and without a centralized planner or global information repository, safety and performance can only be guaranteed by “social” rules imposed on the behavior of individual agents. Social laws are structured in a way that they can be verified just by using local information made available to an agent by a small number of its neighbors. Automobile mobility with traffic rules and logistics robots in warehouses are canonical examples of such “regulated autonomy”, but many other fairly-competing autonomous systems are to be expected shortly. In these systems, detecting whether an agent is not abiding by the rules is crucial for raising an alert and taking appropriate countermeasures. However, the limited visibility due to the local nature of the information makes the problem of misbehavior detection hard for any single agent, and only an exchange of information between agents can provide sufficient clues to arrive at a decision. This paper attacks the misbehavior detection problem for a class of socially organized autonomous systems, where the behavior of agents depends on the presence or absence of other neighbors. We propose a solution involving a “local monitor”, which runs on each agent and includes a hybrid observer and a set-valued consensus node. Based on whatever visibility is available, it reconstructs a set-valued occupancy estimate of nearby regions and combines it with communicating neighbors to reach a shared view and a mismatch discovery. We provide a formal framework for describing social rules that unify many different applications and a tool to generate code automatically for local monitors. The technique is demonstrated in various systems, including self-driving cars, autonomous forklifts, and distributed power plants.