bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the determinants of using clothing subscription rental services: a perspective from Chinese young consumers
Authors: Myin Mon Thu , Su Jin , Wu Huicheng (Jeff) , Shen Haina
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of Chinese young consumers’ traits (fashion leadership, quality consciousness, price consciousness, environmental consciousness and social media usage) as the external factors on their behavioral intention toward using clothing subscription rental services.

Design/methodology/approach

Quantitative research was conducted, and empirical data were collected from 255 Chinese college students. Structural equation modeling was conducted to test the proposed hypotheses.

Findings

The study offered convincing evidence that fashion leadership, price consciousness and social media usage are the three main drivers of Chinese young consumers’ favorable attitudes toward clothing subscription rental services, which together with social norms further lead to their intention to use clothing subscription rental services. Contrary to expectations, the study showed that consumers’ quality consciousness and environmental consciousness have no significant impact on consumer attitudes toward clothing subscription rental services. Moreover, the findings of the study demonstrated the impact of attitude and subjective norms on Chinese young consumers’ intention to use clothing subscription rental services.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature by integrating additional factors (fashion leadership, quality consciousness, price consciousness, consumer environmental knowledge, social media usage) into the traditional theory of reasoned action model to investigate how Chinese young consumers’ characteristics impact their attitudes and how their attitudes and subjective norms impact their intention toward using clothing subscription rental services.
A Chinese version of the revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire: A validation study
Authors: Li Yan‐ting , Jiang Quan , Jia Yuan , Zhang Yong‐feng , Xiao Yu‐ya , Wang Hui , Zhao Ya‐yun , Jiao Juan
Published: October 2022

Objective

The revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) was developed to measure the quality of life of patients with fibromyalgia in randomized controlled trials and routine care. The purpose of this study was to translate and adapt the FIQR from English to Chinese, and to examine the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the FIQR (CFIQR).

Methods

Following the translation of the FIQR, fibromyalgia patients from 6 centers were recruited and completed the CFIQR, the validated Chinese version of the Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF‐36) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). In this study, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, test–retest reliability and item total correlation were used for evaluating external and internal reliability; and criterion and structural validity were evaluated.

Results

A total of 200 fibromyalgia patients completed the study. The internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's alpha .90, .88, .88 and .93 for function, overall impact, symptoms scales and total score, respectively; item‐total correlations from .25 to .83.) Test–retest reliability levels of the CFIQR total and subscale scores were strong correlation (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.75). Furthermore, there were significant correlations between the 3 subscale and the total score of the CFIQR and the SF‐36, as well as the CFIQR and the BDI, by criterion validity (P < .01). Confirmatory factor analysis gave an acceptable value for structural validity according to the 3‐factor structures of function, overall impact and symptoms.

Conclusions

The CFIQR is a valid and reliable instrument for both clinical practice and research purposes with Chinese speakers globally. [ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03381131].
Intraoperative ultrasound: “Alternative eye” in lymph nodal dissection in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Messina Gaetana , Bove Mary , Noro Antonio , Opromolla Giorgia , Natale Giovanni , Mirra Rosa , Capasso Francesca , Pica Davide Gerardo , Di Filippo Vincenzo , Pirozzi Mario , Caterino Marianna , Facchini Sergio , Zotta Alessia , Polito Rita , Vicidomini Giovanni , Santini Mario , Fiorelli Alfonso , Ciardiello Fortunato , Fasano Morena
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Staging of the mediastinum lymph nodes involvement in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an important prognostic factor determining the most appropriate multimodality treatment plan. The objective of this study is to assess ultrasound characteristics of mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis and effectiveness of intraoperative ultrasound‐guided mediastinal nodal dissection in patients with resected NSCLC.

Materials and Methods

All patients undergoing video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy and pulmonary lymphadenectomy from November 2020 to March 2022 at the thoracic surgery department of the Vanvitelli University of Naples underwent intraoperative ultrasound‐guided mediastinal lymph nodal dissection.

Results

This study evaluates whether individual B‐mode features and a compounding thereof can be used to accurately and reproducibly predict lymph node malignancy.

Discussion

Intraoperative ultrasound, during systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection, is helpful in preventing lesion to mediastinal structures. Pathological nodal sonographic characteristics are round shape, short‐axis diameter, echogenicity, margin, the absence or presence of coagulation necrosis sign, and the absence or presence of central hilar structure, increased color Doppler flow, the absence or presence of calcification, and nodal conglomeration. Operating time was not substantially prolonged. The procedure is simple, safe and highly accurate.

Conclusions

Ultrasonic techniques allow surgeons to detect the relationship between lymph nodes and surrounding large blood vessels during biopsy, improving the safety and simplicity of the operation, increasing the number of harvested lymph nodes, and reducing the risk of intraoperative injury; it is a fast, easily reproducible, and inexpensive method.
Morphometric analysis of the skull of Hamdani sheep via Three‐Dimensional modelling
Authors: Dayan Mustafa Orhun , Demircioğlu İsmail , Koçyiğit Ali , Güzel Barış Can , Karaavci Funda Aksünger
Published: October 2022

The aim of the present study was to determine the craniometric characteristics of the crania of Hamdani sheep, one of local breeds of Turkey, by using computed tomography (CT). In the study, 13 (six female and seven male) skulls were used. After CT images of the skulls were taken, their three‐dimensional models were created by MIMICS 20.1 (The Materialise Group, Leuven, Belgium) program. Thirty‐eight craniometric measurements were taken over the models created and nine indices were calculated by using these measurements. All the characteristics examined were expressed as mean ± SE. In the study, statistically significant differences were found between females and males in terms of greatest neurocranium breadth, facial breadth, greatest palatal breadth (p < 0.05) and height of the foramen magnum (p < 0.01) parameters. No statistically significant difference was observed between the sexes in the calculated index values (p > 0.05). In conclusion, it is thought that the findings obtained from the study will contribute to the zooarchaeology and sheep taxonomy of Mesopotamian region.
Laparoscopic mesh placement during inguinal hernia repair: a meta‐analysis of two methods of repair
Authors: Demetriou George , Ahmad Muhammad S. , Robinson Steven J.
Published: October 2022

Background

There are several modifications in the technique for the placement of mesh during laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. One of these is a slit on the mesh to surround the cord structures which proponents of it suggest that it decreases the recurrence rate due to better anchoring of the mesh and lower risk of displacement. There is only low‐level evidence in current literature examining the two methods. The present study aimed to provide stronger evidence in establishing whether the slit mesh technique is superior to the non‐slit mesh technique.

Methods

The reporting of this systematic review was guided by the standards of the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta‐analysis statement and registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022300629). Eligible studies had to compare the two methods of mesh placement slit Vs nonslit in laparoscopic Inguinal hernia repair and also report on at least one outcome. The outcomes were expressed in odd ratios with their 95% confidence intervals. Where significant heterogeneity existed a random effects model was used otherwise a fixed effects model was used.

Results

Five studies met the criteria for inclusion in quantitative analysis. Overall, there were 10 (1.5%) recurrences in the slit group compared to 12 (2.5%) in the non‐slit group OR 0.62, 95% CI (0.27–1.41). There was no difference in the incidence of post‐operative bleeding (OR 1.21, 95%CI 0.4–3.66), seroma formation (OR1.5, 95% CI 0.81–2.76), or post‐operative neuralgia (OR 0.98, 95%CI 0.11–8.92) between the two groups.

Conclusion

There was no difference between the two methods.
Effect of risankizumab on health‐related quality of life in patients with Crohn's disease: results from phase 3 MOTIVATE, ADVANCE and FORTIFY clinical trials
Authors: Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent , Ghosh Subrata , Lee Scott D. , Lee Wan‐Ju , Griffith Jenny , Wallace Kori , Berg Sofie , Liao Xiaomei , Panes Julian , Loftus Edward V. , Louis Edouard
Published: October 2022

Background

Crohn's disease has a substantial negative impact on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL).

Aim

To examine the effects of risankizumab on HRQoL in Crohn's disease

Methods

We analysed data from patients with Crohn's disease from 12‐week induction trials ADVANCE (N = 850) and MOTIVATE (N = 569) with risankizumab 600 mg or 1200 mg intravenous (IV) versus placebo IV and a 52‐week maintenance trial FORTIFY (N = 462) with risankizumab 180 or 360 mg subcutaneous (SC) versus placebo SC. Outcomes included Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Fatigue (FACIT‐F), 36‐item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36), EuroQol 5‐Dimension‐5‐Level (EQ‐5D‐5L) and work productivity. The mean change and percentages of patients achieving clinically meaningful improvement in all outcomes were determined at weeks 12 and 52.

Results

At week 12, more patients in the risankizumab 600 or 1200 mg groups achieved IBDQ response than with placebo (ADVANCE: 70.2%, 75.5% vs. 47.8%, p ≤ 0.001; MOTIVATE: 61.7%, 68.5% vs. 48.2%, p ≤ 0.01) and FACIT‐F response (ADVANCE: 51.3%, 48.0% vs. 35.7%, p ≤ 0.01; MOTIVATE: 44.2%, 49.1% vs. 33.7%, p < 0.05). These improvements persisted at week 52 with risankizumab maintenance treatment. Similar trends were observed for SF‐36 physical and mental component summary scores, EQ‐5D‐5L and activity impairment within work productivity measures.

Conclusions

Risankizumab induction therapy (600 or 1200 mg IV) led to clinically meaningful improvements in disease‐specific and general patient‐reported outcomes, including fatigue, in patients with moderate to severe Crohn's disease. These improvements were sustained after 52 weeks of risankizumab (180 or 360 mg SC) maintenance therapy.
External governance pressure and corporate environmental responsibility: Evidence from a quasi‐natural experiment in China
Authors: Liu Qiang , Yu Lianchao , Yan Guowan , Guo Yu
Published: October 2022

In recent years, the Audit Pilot of Natural Resources Assets (APNRA) pilot program has been implemented by the Chinese government to strengthen the protection of natural resources and the ecological environment. Based on the APNRA pilot program, we use the multi‐period differences–in–differences model to investigate the response of corporate environmental responsibility to external governance pressure. We find that firms significantly improve their environmental investment and performance after the implementation of the APNRA pilot program. Sewage charges (including green fees) and ecological protection incentives constitute the two main channels that explain the positive relationship. We further find that the impact of the program on corporate environmental investment and performance is more pronounced for firms in regions with poor environmental quality, and for firms in heavy‐polluting industries. This paper introduces the role of government governance in generating positive externality for firms and provides a valuable understanding of environmental governance in an emerging market.
A novel approach for characterization of KSHV‐associated multicentric Castleman disease from effusions
Authors: Zhou Ting , Yuan Constance M. , Lurain Kathryn , Rous Clarissa , Weaver Linda , Raffeld Mark , Stetler‐Stevenson Maryalice , Uldrick Thomas S. , Filie Armando C. , Pittaluga Stefania , Jaffe Elaine S. , Marshall Vickie , Moore Kyle , Whitby Denise , Ramaswami Ramya , Yarchoan Robert , Wang Hao‐Wei
Published: October 2022

A biopsy of lymphoid tissue is currently required to diagnose Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV)‐associated multicentric Castleman disease (KSHV–MCD). Patients showing clinical manifestations of KSHV–MCD but no pathological changes of KSHV–MCD are diagnosed as KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome. However, a lymph node biopsy is not always feasible to make the distinction. A pathognomonic feature of lymph nodes in KSHV–MCD is the expansion of KSHV‐infected, lambda‐restricted but polyclonal plasmablasts. To investigate whether these cells also reside in extra‐nodal sites, effusion from 11 patients with KSHV–MCD and 19 with KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome was analysed by multiparametric flow cytometry. A distinct, lambda‐restricted plasmablastic population (LRP) with highly consistent immunophenotype was detected in effusions in 8/11 patients with KSHV–MCD. The same population was also observed in 7/19 patients with KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome. The detection of LRP stratified KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome into two clinically distinct subgroups; those with detectable LRP closely resembled KSHV–MCD, showing similar KSHV viral load, comparable severity of thrombocytopenia and hypoalbuminaemia, and similar incidences of hepatosplenomegaly. Collectively, the detection of LRP by flow cytometry can serve as a valuable tool in diagnosing KSHV–MCD. KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome with LRP in effusions may represent a liquid‐form of KSHV–MCD.
Early progression in follicular lymphoma in the absence of histological transformation or high‐risk Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index still has a favourable outcome
Authors: Muntañola Ana , Mozas Pablo , Mercadal Santiago , Huguet Maria , Bobillo Sabela , Bastos‐Oreiro Mariana , Jiménez‐Ubieto Ana , Rovira Jordina , Rivero Andrea , Tolosa Carles , Luizaga Luis , de Villambrosia Sonia González , Novelli Silvana , Caballero Dolores , Salar Antonio , Alonso‐Álvarez Sara , Magnano Laura , Gutiérrez Norma C. , Sancho Juan‐Manuel , López‐Guillermo Armando ,   the GELTAMO group (Grupo Español de Linfomas y Trasplante de Médula Ósea)
Published: October 2022

Although follicular lymphoma (FL) patients relapsing within 24 months after first‐line treatment (POD24) have a poor prognosis, some cases show notable survival after first relapse (SF1R). We aimed to characterize the POD24 FL population and to identify the main prognostic factors at progression. We selected 162 POD24 patients (80F; median age at first relapse 59 years) from a cohort of 1067 grades 1‐3a FL‐treated patients. The remaining 905 patients treated with first‐line immunochemotherapy and diagnosed during the same period were used to compare outcomes in terms of survival. After a median follow‐up of 11.0 years, 96 patients died (10y‐SF1R of 40%). Age over 60 years (p < 0.001), high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p < 0.001), haemoglobin (Hb) less than 120 g/L (p < 0.001), advanced stage (p < 0.001), high‐risk Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) (p < 0.001), histological transformation (HT) (p < 0.001) and reaching less than complete response (CR) after salvage therapy (p < 0.001), predicted poor SF1R at relapse. In multivariate analysis only high‐risk FLIPI and HT maintained prognostic significance for SF1R. POD24 patients not transformed and with low/intermediate FLIPI at relapse behaved better than the remaining cases. POD24 patients showed an excess mortality of 38% compared to the general population. Although outcome of POD24 FL patients is poor, a considerable group of them (low/intermediate FLIPI and not transformed at first relapse) behave better.
Impacts of Vaccination on International Trade During the Pandemic Era
Authors: Hayakawa Kazunobu
Published: October 2022

This paper examines how COVID‐19 vaccinations change international trade. We analyze monthly level trade data from January 2020 to March 2022 that cover the bilateral exports from 40 reporting countries to 220 partner countries. Our findings can be summarized as follows. On average, the effects of vaccination rates in importing and exporting countries on exports were found to be insignificant. When considering the income level, we also did not find significant effects of vaccination rates in high‐ and low‐income importing countries on exports. In contrast, the rise of vaccination rates in low‐income exporting countries significantly increased their exports though no significant increase in exports was detected when vaccination rates rose in high‐income exporting countries. These results imply that since low‐income countries are mainly engaged in labor‐intensive industries, the relaxation of lockdown orders (i.e., movement and gathering restrictions) driven by the rise of vaccination rates plays a crucial role in production activities in low‐income countries.
Utility of screening for silent myocardial ischaemia in diabetes with an annual electrocardiogram
Authors: O'Murchadha Liam , Egan Aoife M , Cahill Kathleen , Flynn Carly , O'Flynn Dearbhail , O'Neill James , Sreenan Seamus , McDermott John H
Published: October 2022

Background and Methods

Asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) is common in people with diabetes mellitus, but there is a lack of consensus regarding appropriate screening for the condition. We performed a 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) on 312 consecutive participants with diabetes mellitus attending for routine annual outpatient review in order to determine the effectiveness of a yearly ECG in screening people with diabetes for asymptomatic CAD.

Results

Three of 312 participants (0.96%, 95% CI 0.2%–2.78%) had a newly identified ECG abnormality. One person had newly discovered atrial fibrillation. Two people had abnormalities which prompted further investigation for asymptomatic CAD. One of these participants underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Seventeen further participants had abnormalities on ECG which had been previously documented, the majority having been present since their diagnosis of diabetes.

Conclusion

A low positive yield of routine annual ECG in our study does not support its use as a screening tool for asymptomatic CAD in diabetes. Our findings support advice to perform an ECG at diagnosis of diabetes and to repeat only if a person develops relevant symptoms.
Continuous glucose monitoring‐based time‐in‐range using insulin glargine 300 units/ml versus insulin degludec 100 units/ml in type 1 diabetes: The head‐to‐head randomized controlled InRange trial
Authors: Battelino Tadej , Danne Thomas , Edelman Steve V. , Choudhary Pratik , Renard Eric , Westerbacka Jukka , Mukherjee Bhaswati , Pilorget Valerie , Coudert Mathieu , Bergenstal Richard M.
Published: October 2022

Aim

To use continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)‐based time‐in‐range (TIR) as a primary efficacy endpoint to compare the second‐generation basal insulin (BI) analogues insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Gla‐300) and insulin degludec 100 U/ml (IDeg‐100) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Materials and Methods

InRange was a 12‐week, multicentre, randomized, active‐controlled, parallel‐group, open‐label study comparing glucose TIR and variability between Gla‐300 and IDeg‐100 using blinded 20‐day CGM profiles. The inclusion criteria consisted of adults with T1D treated with multiple daily injections, using BI once daily and rapid‐acting insulin analogues for at least 1 year, with an HbA1c of 7% or higher and of 10% or less at screening.

Results

Overall, 343 participants were randomized: 172 received Gla‐300 and 171 IDeg‐100. Non‐inferiority (10% relative margin) of Gla‐300 versus IDeg‐100 was shown for the primary endpoint (percentage TIR ≥ 70 to ≤ 180 mg/dl): least squares (LS) mean (95% confidence interval) 52.74% (51.06%, 54.42%) for Gla‐300 and 55.09% (53.34%, 56.84%) for IDeg‐100; LS mean difference (non‐inferiority): 3.16% (0.88%, 5.44%) (non‐inferiority P = .0067). Non‐inferiority was shown on glucose total coefficient of variation (main secondary endpoint): LS mean 39.91% (39.20%, 40.61%) and 41.22% (40.49%, 41.95%), respectively; LS mean difference (non‐inferiority) −5.44% (−6.50%, −4.38%) (non‐inferiority P < .0001). Superiority of Gla‐300 over IDeg‐100 was not shown on TIR. Occurrences of self‐measured and CGM‐derived hypoglycaemia were comparable between treatment groups. Safety profiles were consistent with known profiles, with no unexpected findings.

Conclusions

Using clinically relevant CGM metrics, InRange shows that Gla‐300 is non‐inferior to IDeg‐100 in people with T1D, with comparable hypoglycaemia and safety profiles.
Tooth in the line of a mandibular fracture: Retain it or remove it? Clinical case report
Authors: Arcila Verónica Gómez , Correa Cristhian Ruiz , Castellar‐Mendoza Camilo
Published: October 2022

Defining the prognosis and treatment plan for teeth in the line of a mandibular fracture is a challenge for the maxillofacial surgeon. The periodontal ligament may provide a communication with the oral cavity and become a pathway for infection. There is currently no consensus on the management of teeth in mandibular fracture lines. This report outlines a case where a tooth was successfully retained in the line of fracture as well as providing a review of the literature on the best‐accepted treatments for this scenario.
From Rome to Ripoll, Rioja, and beyond: the Iberian transmission of the Latin Tiburtine Sibyl and Oliba of Ripoll and Vic’s Europe‐wide network of knowledge transfer and learning
Authors: Tischler Matthias M.
Published: October 2022

In memory of Ernst Sackur (1862–1901)

The Catalan abbot‐bishop Oliba of Ripoll and Vic (1008–46) was a remarkably learned man, with religious and cultural connections to many European regions beyond Catalonia. When he died, a letter commemorating his life and death circulated from Ripoll through many religious institutions of Catalonia, Septimania, and Western Francia, showing the wide‐ranging network he had developed during his lifetime. However, Oliba also had another important religious and cultural orientation – towards Italy in general and Rome in particular. In the light of widely unknown or disregarded Catalan and northern Iberian copies of the so‐called Tiburtine Sibyl from the early eleventh century onwards, this article highlights the historical and social circumstances of the early transfer of this new product of Greco‐Latin translation activity. This one example stands for many further text transmission activities in Oliba’s life, spread through the networks he had established between Rome, Italy, his home region Catalonia, and the northern Iberian world.
Prioritization process for European Academy of Neurology clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Aleksovska Katina , Bassetti Claudio L. A. , Berger Thomas , Carvalho Vanessa , Costa Joao , Deuschl Günther , Frederiksen Kristian S. , Jaarsma Joke , Kobulashvili Teia , Leone Maurizio , Pavlakova Lucia , Romoli Michele , Vignatelli Luca
Published: October 2022

Background and purpose

The development of high‐quality clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) takes substantial time, effort, and resources. During the past years, the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) guideline production was significantly increased, so the need to develop clear, transparent, and methodologically solid criteria for prioritizing guideline topics became apparent. With this paper, we aim to define a set of criteria to be applied for prioritizing topics for future EAN guidelines, as well as the procedure for their implementation.

Methods

After review of the literature, we identified a recent systematic review that reported on the main prioritization criteria used by health organizations. Based on these, we developed a list of 20 preliminary criteria, which were voted on through a Delphi consensus procedure, including 160 stakeholders. Finally, we established a working procedure on how to submit and select new guideline topic proposals within the EAN. This procedure was reviewed by the EAN Scientific Committee and the Board.

Results

The first round, 61.3% of the participants voted, and 86% of them participated in the second round. Seven criteria were approved with this procedure. After the selection of the criteria, a prioritization procedure was launched, and the first 30 topics are reported in this paper. This bottom‐up process that involved the whole EAN community was followed by a top‐down process, using additional criteria for further selection by the EAN board members.

Conclusions

We describe the development of prioritization criteria to be applied in the process of topic selection for future EAN CPGs. We will perform regular reviews and adjustments of the process.
Management of epilepsy in older adults: A critical review by the ILAE Task Force on Epilepsy in the elderly
Authors: Piccenna Loretta , O'Dwyer Rebecca , Leppik Ilo , Beghi Ettore , Giussani Giorgia , Costa Cinzia , DiFrancesco Jacopo C. , Dhakar Monica B. , Akamatsu Naoki , Cretin Benjamin , Krämer Günter , Faught Edward , Kwan Patrick
Published: October 2022

Older adults represent a highly heterogeneous population, with multiple diverse subgroups. Therefore, an individualized approach to treatment is essential to meet the needs of each unique subgroup. Most comparative studies focusing on treatment of epilepsy in older adults have found that levetiracetam has the best chance of long‐term seizure freedom. However, there is a lack of studies investigating other newer generation antiseizure medications (ASMs). Although a number of randomized clinical trials have been performed on older adults with epilepsy, the number of participants studied was generally small, and they only investigated short‐term efficacy and tolerability. Quality of life as an outcome is often missing but is necessary to understand the effectiveness and possible side effects of treatment. Prognosis needs to move beyond the focus on seizure control to long‐term patient‐centered outcomes. Dosing studies with newer generation ASMs are needed to understand which treatments are the best in the older adults with different comorbidities. In particular, more high‐level evidence is required for older adults with Alzheimer's disease with epilepsy and status epilepticus. Future treatment studies should use greater homogeneity in the inclusion criteria to allow for clearer findings that can be comparable with other studies to build the existing treatment evidence base.
Reflectance confocal microscopy in paediatric patients: Applications and limits
Authors: Scharf Camila , Di Brizzi Eugenia Veronica , Licata Gaetano , Piccolo Vincenzo , Argenziano Giuseppe , Moscarella Elvira
Published: October 2022

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non‐invasive diagnostic tool extensively studied for adult patients. In this retrospective case series conducted at the Dermatology Unit of the University of Campania, Naples, Italy, all patients under 19 years old who were submitted to RCM from January 2011 to December 2021 where evaluated. The aim of the study was to review the most usual indications and possible benefits that it might add for children. Data collection included 215 patients (86 males and 129 females, mean age: 12). Most of the exams (n = 85; 39.5%) were performed for lesions clinically compatible with Spitz nevi, congenital nevi (n = 50 23,2%) and atypical melanocytic lesions (n = 46; 21%) among which two melanomas were detected. RCM can be an useful instrument when evaluating paediatric patients and may help avoid unnecessary biopsy in most cases, representing an additional instrument to improve diagnostic accuracy.
Development and implementation of a relationship‐focused outpatient multifamily program for adolescent anorexia nervosa
Authors: Cook‐Darzens Solange , Duclos Jeanne
Published: October 2022

Multifamily therapy (MFT) for adolescent eating disorders (ED) is anchored in systemic theory and family therapy, but two conceptual and practical paths have emerged from this common framework. The first one, called ED‐focused MFT, is centered on behavioral change and weight gain in the early stages of treatment, while the second, known as relationship‐focused MFT, is less directly focused on symptom improvement and more on family changes. Compared to ED‐focused MFT, validation of more relationship‐focused MFT models has been lagging behind although they are frequently implemented and practiced in Europe. The purpose of this article is to give more visibility to existing relationship‐focused MFT models by presenting an integrative, yet predominantly family‐oriented MFT program developed for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN) (12 to 18 years) on the ED unit of a large pediatric hospital in France. After presenting the history and development of this relationship‐focused MFT program, including the challenges it encountered and its evaluation, we describe its rationale and objectives, then outline its course and content, giving illustrations of techniques and activities for each of the five phases of the program. Finally, we review the current status of this model, its advantages and limitations, and provide a critical appraisal of existing evidence and recommended future research directions.
Overcoming interruptions in educational trajectories: Youth in Ghana with international migrant parents
Authors: Osei Onallia Esther , Haagsman Karlijn , Mazzucato Valentina
Published: October 2022

Literature on the effects of parental migration on the education of children who stay at origin, what we call ‘stayer’ youth, mainly focuses on educational outcomes without looking at the process leading to such outcomes. This article addresses this gap by showing how the educational trajectories of stayer youth unfold. Stayer youth may encounter a range of obstacles and interruptions to their education when their parents move overseas, and we explore the agency these youth exert and the support networks they activate to try to overcome them. We employ a youth‐centric methodology, based on 15 months of ethnographic fieldwork in three cities in Ghana, with young people whose parents migrated internationally. We find that frequent changes in residence, limited financial means, and lack of academic support cause interruptions in educational trajectories. In response, the young people mobilize support from local social networks to compensate for what they lack from their transnational connections.
Impact of COVID‐19 on HIV late diagnosis in a specialized German centre
Authors: van Bremen Kathrin , Monin Malte , Schlabe Stefan , Bischoff Jenny , Rieke Gereon Jonas , Schwarze‐Zander Carolynne , Wasmuth Jan‐Christian , Rockstroh Jürgen K. , Boesecke Christoph
Published: October 2022

Background

The ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic has been impeding HIV diagnosis and treatment worldwide. Data on the impact of COVID‐19 on late diagnosis (LD) in Germany are lacking. Here we present novel data of a single‐centre German HIV cohort assessing LD during COVID‐19.

Methods

This is a non‐interventional, single‐centre retrospective cohort assessing the rate of LD comparing HIV diagnoses pre‐COVID‐19 with those during the COVID‐19 pandemic. New diagnoses between 1 January 2019 and 1 February 2020 were classified as pre‐COVID‐19, and diagnoses between 1 February 2020 and 1 October 2021 were classified as during COVID‐19.

Results

Between 1 January 2019 and 1 October 2021, 75 patients presented with newly diagnosed HIV infection, 34 pre‐COVID‐19 and 41 during COVID‐19. LD increased to 83% (n = 34/41) during COVID‐19 versus 59% (n = 20/34) pre‐COVID‐19, and CDC stage C3 rose to 44% (n = 18) versus 27%. Hospitalization rate increased to 49% (n = 20) during COVID‐19 versus 29% pre‐COVID‐19, and 12% (n = 5) presented with HIV‐associated neurological disease, whereas none were observed in the pre‐COVID‐19 group. The incidence of LD (p = 0.020), CD4 count < 350 cells/μL (p = 0.037) and < 200 cells/μL (p = 0.022) were statistically significantly associated with the ongoing COVID‐pandemic. An association with HIV transmission risk was borderline significant (p = 0.055).

Conclusions

Despite comparable annual rates of new HIV diagnoses, LD has been increasing during the COVID‐19 pandemic, resulting in more opportunistic infections and higher hospitalization rates, possibly reflecting pandemic‐related shortages in HIV testing and care facilities. Maintaining HIV testing opportunities and access to treatment during a pandemic is crucial so as not to impede WHO elimination goals and so as to prevent an increase in AIDS‐related morbidity and mortality.
Post‐collisional alkaline lamprophyre magmatism in northern Iran: Implications from whole‐rock geochemistry and mineral compositions
Authors: Omrani Hadi , Günter Christina , Shamanian Gholam Hossein , Omrani Mehdi
Published: October 2022

The Shanderman lamprophyre dykes crop out in the western part of the Alborz Mountains (Talesh). These rocks are classified as camptonites, composed of primary olivine, Ti‐rich diopside, kaersutite, biotite, plagioclase, K–feldspar, and minor Ti–rich spinels, magnetite, pentlandite–pyrrhotite/chalcopyrite, and powellite–scheelite. Secondary analcime–wairakite, serpentines, and prehnite are common minor minerals within the studied rocks. Olivine, Ti‐rich diopside, spinel, and amphibole show distinct chemical zoning. Spinels display a core‐to‐rim decrease in Cr2O3, MgO, and Al2O3 concentrations and an increase in TiO2 and FeOT (total Fe as FeO), reflecting the oxidation state increase due to hydrothermal fluid influx. Low SiO2 contents (<42 wt%), high MgO (12.44 to 13.98 wt%), and Fe2O3T (12.76 to 13.43 wt%), Cr (318–537 μg/g) and Ni (231–327 μg/g) contents indicate the ultrabasic nature of the rocks. The samples show potassic character (2.1–2.8 wt% K2O), along with elevated LREE and LILE, and also exhibit minor positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 1.09 to 1.20). Olivine–spinel geothermometry indicates a maximum crystallization temperature of 1227 °C (ave. 988 °C ± 65 °C). Exsolution of pentlandite–pyrrhotite/chalcopyrite solid solutions occurred during magma cooling and crystallization. At lower temperatures, analcime–wairakite and prehnite partially replaced plagioclases. The geochemical modeling of the rocks indicates the Shanderman lamprophyre magmas were derived from low‐grade melting (<5%) of amphibole–bearing garnet lherzolite source without or with very few phlogopites. The primary magma of Shanderman lamprophyres was derived from a depth of ~135 km by partial melting of a metasomatized mantle source in a post‐collisional environment.
Impulsivity and reward sensitivity facets as predictors of weight change in children: Differences by binge‐eating disorder diagnostic status
Authors: Valdez Alondra , Smith Kathryn E. , Mason Tyler B.
Published: October 2022

Background

Impulsivity and reward sensitivity are personality traits associated with obesity and binge‐eating disorder (BED), but little research has examined prospective associations between these traits and body mass index z‐score (BMI‐z) differentially for children with and without BED.

Objective

Using data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study, the present analysis examined predictive associations between impulsivity and reward sensitivity facets with BMI‐z 1 year later in children with versus without BED.

Methods

Nine‐to‐ten‐year‐old children were recruited across the United States and completed self‐report questionnaires and clinical interviews at baseline, and height and weight were taken at baseline and 1‐year follow‐up. Multivariable models were run with baseline impulsivity and reward sensitivity facets predicting 1‐year BMI‐z in children with versus without BED.

Results

Reward sensitivity and impulsivity were unrelated to BMI‐z at follow‐up in children without BED. Greater negative urgency (i.e., proclivity to act rashly without forethought in response to negative emotions) and lower positive urgency (i.e., proclivity to act rashly without forethought due to positive emotions) predicted increased BMI‐z at 1‐year follow‐up in children with BED subsample.

Conclusions

Findings indicate the importance of developing theoretical models and interventions for obesity prevention in children with BED that address emotional impulsivity.
Fluid handling performance of wound dressings tested in a robotic venous leg ulcer system under compression therapy
Authors: Orlov Aleksei , Gefen Amit
Published: October 2022

We designed, developed, built, and utilised a robotic system of a leg with two venous leg ulcers for testing the fluid handling performance of three wound dressing types. The results showed that a foam‐based dressing technology is inferior in fluid handling performance when applied to an exuding venous leg ulcer, such that the dressing needs to manage the exudate in a vertical configuration with respect to the ground, that is, so that gravity pulls the exudate to concentrate in a small region at the bottom of the dressing. Moreover, wound dressings containing superabsorbent polymers do not necessarily function equally in fluid handling for venous leg ulcer scenarios, as the extreme requirements from the dressing (to manage the viscous fluid of a vertical and typically highly‐exuding wound) appear to distinguish between optimal and suboptimal product performances despite that the tested products contain a superabsorbent, theoretically lumping them together to belong to a so‐called ‘superabsorbent dressing category’. In other words, it is a false premise to categorise products from different manufacturers into families based on material contents, and then assume that their laboratory or clinical performance is equal, so that from this point they can be judged solely on the basis of price.
On Three Dogmas of Normativity
Authors: Pettit Philip
Published: October 2022

Ruth Chang argues against three dogmas of normativity. Her argument, as least about the first two, is defensible, but defensible on a naturalistic account of normativity that she may not find congenial.
Local recurrence after endoscopic resection of sessile serrated lesions: A multicenter prospective study by the Osaka Gut Forum
Authors: Shichijo Satoki , Yamaguchi Shinjiro , Nakamatsu Dai , Inoue Takanori , Nakahara Masanori , Ogiyama Hideharu , Yamada Takuya , Kinoshita Kazuro , Ishihara Ryu , Michida Tomoki , Nishida Tsutomu , Tsujii Yoshiki , Hayashi Yoshito , Shinzaki Shinichiro , Fukui Keisuke , Ito Yuri , Kitamura Masanori , Honma Keiichiro , Morii Eiichi , Takehara Tetsuo ,   the Osaka Gut Forum
Published: October 2022

Background and Aim

Sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) act as precursors to colorectal cancer, sometimes harbor carcinomas, and are sometimes incompletely resected. We aimed to evaluate local recurrence after endoscopic resection of SSL ≥10 mm.

Methods

This prospective, single‐arm, observational study was performed at eight Japanese tertiary institutions. Colorectal lesions ≥10 mm were resected endoscopically, and the pathological diagnosis was either an SSL or hyperplastic polyp (HP). Follow‐up colonoscopy was performed 1 year later, and the local recurrence was evaluated by biopsy.

Results

From October 2018 to September 2021, 104 cases with 123 lesions were registered. Among the pathologically diagnosed 105 SSLs and 18 HPs, 95 and 7 lesions were diagnosed as SSLs and HPs, respectively, by central pathological review. Among the 104 endoscopically diagnosed SSLs, 86 were diagnosed as SSLs, whereas among the 11 endoscopically diagnosed HPs, two were diagnosed as HPs by central pathological review (the rest were SSLs). Among the 95 patients with 113 lesions who underwent follow‐up colonoscopy, resection scars were identified in 95 (84%) lesions. Three (3.1%; 95% confidence interval 0.6–8.7%) local recurrences were diagnosed pathologically among 98 pathologically diagnosed SSLs. Two (6%) local recurrences were diagnosed in patients with SSLs ≥20 mm.

Conclusions

The local recurrence rate after endoscopic resection of SSLs ≥10 mm was 3.1%. Careful follow‐up is recommended after endoscopic resection of large SSLs. Endoscopically diagnosed HPs ≥10 mm were sometimes pathologically diagnosed as SSL and should be considered for resection.
Intraperitoneal instillation versus wound infiltration for postoperative pain relief after cesarean delivery: A prospective, randomized,double‐blind,placebo‐controlledtrial
Authors: Dagasan Cetin Gozdenur , Dostbil Aysenur , Aksoy Mehmet , Kasali Kamber , Ince Ramazan , Kahramanlar Agah Abdullah , Atalay Canan , Topdagi Yilmaz Emsal Pınar , Ince Ilker , Ozkal Mırac Selcen
Published: October 2022

Aim

To compare local anesthetic wound infiltration with intraperitoneal instillation of local anesthetic for analgesia after cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

Methods

This study was conducted on 150 pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia was performed with 7 mg isobaric bupivacaine and 15 μcg fentanyl. The patients were randomized into three groups of 50 patients each: Group local anesthetic wound infiltration (LWI): 20 ml local anesthetic solution (10 ml 0.5% bupivacaine and 10 ml 2% lidocaine mixture) was administered subcutaneous wound infiltration at the end of surgery prior to skin closure and 20 ml saline was instilled into the uterine peritoneal area before fascia closure. Group intraperitoneal local anesthetic (IPLA): 20 ml local anesthetic solution (10 ml 0.5% bupivacaine and 10 ml 2% lidocaine mixture) was instilled into the uterine peritoneal area and 20 ml saline was administered subcutaneous wound infiltration. Group Placebo: 20 ml saline was instilled into the uterine peritoneal area and 20 ml saline was administered local subcutaneous wound infiltration. Pain scores at rest and on movement, total fentanyl consumption at 24 h, maternal satisfaction, and the time to first analgesic request were recorded.

Results

No statistically significant difference was observed in the postoperative pain scores at rest at 2, 12, and 24 h (p = 0.314, 0.343, and 0.735, respectively) and on movement at 12 and 24 h (p = 0.318 and 0.642, respectively) between the groups. The pain scores on movement at 2 h were significantly lower in Group IPLA compared with Group Placebo (p = 0.047). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of total fentanyl consumption and the time to first analgesic request.

Conclusion

The use of intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine and lidocaine reduces early the pain score on movement in women undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.
Population genomic insights into invasion success in a polyphagous agricultural pest, Halyomorpha halys
Authors: Parvizi Elahe , Dhami Manpreet K. , Yan Juncong , McGaughran Angela
Published: October 2022

Invasive species are increasingly threatening ecosystems and agriculture by rapidly expanding their range and adapting to environmental and human‐imposed selective pressures. The genomic mechanisms that underlie such rapid changes remain unclear, especially for agriculturally important pests. Here, we used genome‐wide polymorphisms derived from native, invasive, and intercepted samples and populations of the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys, to gain insights into population genomics processes that have promoted the successful global invasion of this polyphagous pest. Our analysis demonstrated that BMSB exhibits spatial structure but admixture rates are high among introduced populations, resulting in similar levels of genomic diversity across native and introduced populations. These spatial genomic patterns suggest a complex invasion scenario, potentially with multiple bridgehead events, posing a challenge for accurately assigning BMSB incursions to their source using reduced‐representation genomic data. By associating allele frequencies with the invasion status of BMSB populations, we found significantly differentiated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in close proximity to genes for insecticide resistance and olfaction. Comparing variations in allele frequencies among populations for outlier SNPs suggests that BMSB invasion success has probably evolved from standing genetic variation. In addition to being a major nuisance of households, BMSB has caused significant economic losses to agriculture in recent years and continues to expand its range. Despite no record of BMSB insecticide resistance to date, our results show high capacity for potential evolution of such traits, highlighting the need for future sustainable and targeted management strategies.
Developing and adult reef fish show rapid light‐induced plasticity in their visual system
Authors: Fogg Lily G. , Cortesi Fabio , Gache Camille , Lecchini David , Marshall N. Justin , de Busserolles Fanny
Published: October 2022

The visual capabilities of fish are optimized for their ecology and light environment over evolutionary time. Similarly, fish vision can adapt to regular changes in light conditions within their lifetime, e.g., ontogenetic or seasonal variation. However, we do not fully understand how vision responds to irregular short‐term changes in the light environment, e.g., algal blooms and light pollution. In this study, we investigated the effect of short‐term exposure to unnatural light conditions on opsin gene expression and retinal cell densities in juvenile and adult diurnal reef fish (convict surgeonfish; Acanthurus triostegus). Results revealed phenotypic plasticity in the retina across ontogeny, particularly during development. The most substantial differences at both molecular and cellular levels were found under constant dim light, while constant bright light and simulated artificial light at night had a lesser effect. Under dim light, juveniles and adults increased absolute expression of the cone opsin genes, sws2a, rh2c and lws, within a few days and juveniles also decreased densities of cones, inner nuclear layer cells and ganglion cells. These changes potentially enhanced vision under the altered light conditions. Thus, our study suggests that plasticity mainly comes into play when conditions are extremely different to the species' natural light environment, i.e., a diurnal fish in “constant night”. Finally, in a rescue experiment on adults, shifts in opsin expression were reverted within 24 h. Overall, our study showed rapid, reversible light‐induced changes in the retina of A. triostegus, demonstrating phenotypic plasticity in the visual system of a reef fish throughout life.