bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KARAKTERISTIK BAHASA INDONESIA LOGAT PAPUA DAN RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI MATERI AJAR MATA KULIAH SOSIOLINGUISTIK DI PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INDONESIA UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET
Authors: Prihapsari Ira , Setiawan Budhi , Suryanto Edy
Published: December 2019

This research is a case study research.. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Source of data used in the form of events, informants, and documents. Data collection technique used are direction observation, interview, and document. The data validity test used is triangulation of source and triangulation method. Data analysis technique used is flow model. The result of this research is description of: (1) the characteristic Indonesian Papuan dialect are divided into linguistic and nonlinguistic elements. The linguistic elements include; (a) phoneme replacement; (b) diphthong replacement; (c) phoneme removal; (d) the use of intonation. Nonlinguistic elements are speech and paralinguistic events; (2) the factors that influence the emergence of Indonesian Papuan dialect are; (a) administrative unity; (b) a specific sense of community identity; (3) the same of geographical area; (d) historical experience; (3) characteristics of Indonesian Papuan dialect has relevance as materials of sociolinguistic subject at Indonesian Language Education Department of Sebelas Maret University.
PRINSIP KESANTUNAN BERDASARKAN MAKSIM LEECH DALAM KUMPULAN NASKAH DRAMA GENG TOILET KARYA SOSIAWAN LEAK DAN RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR TEKS DRAMA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Claudia Vinsca Sabrina , Rakhmawati Ani , Waluyo Budi
Published: December 2019

The research aims to explain and describe (1) speech acts in the dialogue collection of  drama text Geng Toilet; (2) the principle of politeness in the dialogue collection of drama text Geng Toilet; (3) the relevance collection of drama text Geng Toilet as a teaching material for drama text in High School. The method use in this research is descriptive qualitative. The result of the research indicates the result of the research indicates the speech act in the collection of the drama text Geng Toilet based on speech that contains action include locution,illocution, and perlocution. While, speech acts based on the sentence mode include direct speech acts and indirect speech acts.Next, the principle of politeness in the dialogue collection of drama text Geng Toilet includes maxim of agreement or consent, maxim of generosity, maxim acceptance or praise or appreciation, maxim of humility or simplicity, and maxim of sympathy. the collection of drama text Geng Toilet can be  used  as a teaching materials for drama text in High School.
NOVEL PERGI KARYA TERE LIYE: ANALISIS KONFLIK BATIN TOKOH UTAMA
Authors: Husna Nadyatul , Andayani Andayani , Ulya Chafit
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this research are to describe the intrinsic elements and inner conflicts of the main characters in the novel Pergi. This research is a descriptive research using content analysis method and using literary psychology approach which is conducted for six months, starting from May 2018 to October 2018. The source of data used in this study is in the form of documents and interviews. Documents in the form of  Novel Pergi by Tere Liye. The research subject was taken by purposive sampling technique. Data collection is done by analyzing documents and interviews. Validity test used is triangulation of theory and source triangulation. Data analysis techniques used are interactive model analysis which includes data collection, reduction activities, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The research procedure consists of the preparation stage, the implementation phase, and the report preparation phase. The results of this study indicate the following two things. First, Novel Pergi has complete intrinsic elements consisting of 7 elements. Second, the Bujang character has an element of id, ego, and superego, which sometimes between the three is not in line and causes inner conflict within him.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Head Together dan Make A Match Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Sistem Komputer Ditinjau dari Kecerdasan Emosional
Authors: Afandi Imam , Budiyono Budiyono , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: December 2019

The teacher's role is only as a facilitator, mediator and guide. Because the approach used is student-centered, the teacher only assists the change process with scaffolding and guiding so students can achieve a more perfect understanding than previous understanding. The Cooperative Learning model is one of the learning models that emphasizes the active role of students in learning. Among the cooperative learning models are the type of NHT and Make A Match. This research is an experimental research, 2x3 factorial design. The Population of this research is all of vocational school students in Sub Rayon 1 of Ngawi Regency in Odd Semester
of Academic Year 2013/2014. Research is done by providing the same learning materials for experimentation and control classes. Experimental Classes with the NHT Cooperative Model Approach while the control classes used the Make A Match Cooperative Model Approach. The results are (1) there is a difference in effect between the use of the NHT (Numbered Head Together) type of cooperative learning model and Make a Match on student achievement. (2). There are differences in the learning achievements of students who have high, moderate and low emotional intelligence on computer system subjects. (3). There is an interaction of influence
between the use of NHT cooperative learning models and Make a Match with the level of emotional intelligence of students on student achievement in Computer System subjects in terms of students' emotional intelligence.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Latihan Penelitian untuk Meningkatkan Penguasaan Konsep IPA Di SD 1 Gondoharum Kudus
Authors: Ratnasari Yuni
Published: December 2019

This research aims to 1) determine the effects of the implementation of learning models of research exercises to increase mastery of Science concepts in Elementary School 1 Gondoharum Kudus. 2) knowing the effectiveness of research exercise models to enhance the mastery of Science concepts. The Research Exercise Model has five steps namely facing problems, finding and studying data, studying data and experimentation, formulating problems and stage analyzing. Mastery of Science concepts is the teacher's ability to overcome basic concepts of Science in the cognitive, affective and psychomotor areas. This study used a quasi
experiment one group pretest posttest research design completed with descriptive analysis. The subjects of this research are students of IVA and IVB SDN 1 Gondoharum Jekulo Kudus. Data collection techniques used test, observation, worksheet, and documentation data. Conceptmastery is obtained from pretest and posttest results. Pretest and posttest scores are analized with descriptive statistics including mean, median, standard of devisation, sknewness andpercentiles. Then, normality and homogeneity tests are performed as a requirement for the t-test using the paired sample t-test. The Success of this research is seen from the effect of application of Research Exercise Learning toward Mastery of Science Concept which is indicated by T-test results sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.35 <0.05. From the result, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference on post student test data between experiment and control classes. The difference showed that mastery of the concept of experimental class is better than the control class. The  effectiveness of implementing Research Exercises Learning to Improve the mastery of the Science concept increased by 13.7 average score of pre test to post test.
Analisis Kointegrasi Zakat dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Periode Tahun 2015-2018
Authors: Tambunan Khairina , Harahap Isnaini , Marliyah M.
Published: December 2019

This study analyzes the existence of short-term and long-term relationships between zakat variables and Indonesia's economic growth in the 2015-2018 period. Zakat as one of Islamic philanthropy is used to prosper Muslims. Zakat is divided into productive zakat and consumptive zakat. This study uses a cointegration test which is one of the tests of the VAR VECM method to determine whether or not there are short-term and long-term effects. The data used uses time-series data from 2015-2018 with data interpolated to monthly period data. The results show that zakat affects Indonesia's economic growth both in the short and long term.
WOMEN LEADERSHIPON PUBLIC INSTITUTION IN MUSLIM MINORITY SOCIETY OF WEST PAPUA
Authors: Wekke Ismail Suardi , Ibrahim Ibrahim
Published: December 2019

This article focuses on the leadership style, role, and construction of West Papuan women's leadership in politics and education.This research applied case study method.The results show that West Papuan women have several roles in empowering society in different ways.This is indicated by the large number of women in West Papua occupying important positions in the government in West Papua.In addition, education field shows that West Papuan women made many breakthroughs and led several educational institutions in West Papua.In fact, it can be concluded that the role of West Papuan women, both in politics and in education,is not a complement of men, but partners of men in leading and building West Papua.
MODELS OF WAQFFUNDRAISING MANAGEMENTIN INDONESIA
Authors: Huda Miftahul
Published: December 2019

AbstractNowadays, strengthening the capacity of nazir is very essential in gettingbenefits in terms of self-reliance and empowerment of mauquf alaih. One of its attempts israising fund as an advance of the improvement assets and waqf potential management.Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the uniqueness of waqf management in the viewpointof fundraising from three Nazir, namely, Hasyim Ashari Islamic boarding school TebuirengJombang, Foundation for Waqof Board and the Islamic University of Indonesia Yogyakarta andAl-Falah Social Fund Surabaya. This study employed multi case study from the perspective ofcomparative approach. The findings showed that there are three uniqueness of obtaining waqf,they are, tradition wisdom-based fundraising in Nazir Tebuireng Jombang, university-basedfundraising for community empowerment in Nazir UII Yogyakarta and the community-basedfundraising which focused on marginalized people in YDSF Surabaya. Referring to theexperiences of those three nazir above, there is diverse models in waqf fundraising. Thediversity is in the form of internalization fundraising, relationship fundraising, and integratedfundraising. Those three models lead to a series of holistic model of waqf fundraising in orderto keep the sustainable of waqf management, including the sustainability of nazir, assets,benefits, wakif and mauquf 'alaih. Abstrak                                                                  Saat ini, penguatan kapasitas nazir sangat penting dalam pengembangankemandirian dan pemberdayaan mauquf alaih. Salah satu upayanya adalah mengumpulkan dana sebagai uang muka dari peningkatan aset dan potensi manajemen wakaf. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini bertujuan untuk menggali keunikan manajemen wakaf dalam sudut pandang penggalangan dana dari tiga Nazir, yaitu, UniversitasHasyim Ashari TebuirengJombang, Dewan Wakafdari Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta dan Dana Sosial Al-Falah Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi multi kasus dari perspektif pendekatan komparatif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa ada tiga keunikan dalam memperoleh wakaf, yaitu penggalangan dana berbasis tradisi kearifan di Nazir Tebuireng Jombang, pendanaan berbasis universitas untuk pemberdayaan masyarakat di Nazir UII Yogyakarta dan pendanaan berbasis masyarakat yang berfokus pada orang-orang pinggiran di YDSF Surabaya. Mengacu pada pengalaman ketiga nazir di atas, ada beragam model dalam penggalangan dana wakaf. Keanekaragaman itu dalam bentuk internalisasi, hubungandanintegrasipenggalangan dana.  Ketiga model tersebut mengarah pada serangkaian model penggalangan dana wakafholistik dalam rangka mewujudkan keberlanjutan pengelolaan wakaf, termasuk keberlanjutan nazir, aset, manfaat, wakif dan mauquf 'alaih.
POTENSI RIBA DALAM LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH (LKS) DI KABUPATEN PONOROGO
Authors: Wafa Ahmad
Published: December 2019

Nowadays, in almost every transaction, it is almost impossible to avoid usury, as well as transactions in sharia financial institutions themselves. In theory it might have been very perfect and avoided usury, but in its implementation it had not been completely free from usury. Usury has plagued and penetrated almost all the joints of the Indonesian economy. This article tries to dig deeper and find small potentials that can be missed a little more. The conclusions of this study are: First, the legal contract (contract) that is used is still found in the potential to fall into usury or it can be called the back door of usury. Second, the implementation of sharia products sometimes forgets the crucial things the basic principle of the contract itself, for example the determination of margins based on the financing principal provided, not based on the buying and selling object in the murābaḥah contract. Determination of the capital principal value of 70% of the selling price of the collateral provided by the Customer and is definitely profitable. Third, the application of the LKS financing contract in Ponorogo which is not yet 100% has a direct impact on the Customer, namely a very large margin of 49.39% and the potential for usury by 19.39% of the principal capital issued by the bank on murābaḥah financing. Disbursement of muḍārabah funds is not 100% given by the Customer as capital manager and profit determination at the beginning of the contract without seeing the customer profit or loss. Dewasa ini dalam setiap transaksi hampir dapat dikatakan mustahil untuk terhindar dari riba, begitupun transaksi-transaksi dalam lembaga keuangan  syariah sendiri. Secara teori mungkin telah sangat sempurna dan terhindar dari riba, namun dalam pelaksanaannya belum sepenuhnya terbebas dari riba. Riba telah menjangkiti dan merasuki hampir seluruh sendi-sendi perekonomian Indonesia. Artikel ini berusaha menggali lebih dalam dan menemukan potensi-potensi kecil yang sedikit banyak bisa terlewatkan. Kesimpulan dari kajian ini yaitu: Pertama, Legal kontrak (akad) yang digunakan masih ditemui potensi-potensi jatuh kepada riba atau bisa disebut pintu belakang dari riba. Kedua, Pelaksanaan produk syariah ini terkadang melupakan hal-hal krusial prinsip dasar dari akad itu sendiri misalnya penetapan margin berdasarkan pokok pembiayaan yang diberikan, bukan berdasarkan obyek jual beli pada akad murābaḥah. Penetapan nilai pokok modal 70 % dari harga jual agunan yang diberikan Nasabah dan pasti untung. Ketiga, Penerapan akad pembiayaan LKS di Ponorogo yang belum sesuai 100% berdampak langsung terhadap Nasabah yaitu margin yang sangat besar 49,39% dan berpotensi riba sebesar 19,39% dari modal pokok yang dikeluarkan oleh bank pada pembiayaan murābaḥah. Pencairan dana muḍārabah tidak 100% diberikan Nasabah sebagai pengelola modal dan penetapan keuntungan di awal akad tanpa melihat nasabah untung atau rugi.
ANALISIS BAURAN PEMASARAN PADA LAZNAS YATIM MANDIRI CABANG PONOROGO DITINJAU DARI MARKETING SYARIAH
Authors: Wibowo Eka Wahyu
Published: December 2019

LAZNAS Yatim Mandiri Cabang Ponorogo is a non-profit or non-profit institution that is dedicated to empower all potential orphans through the management of ziswaf funds, whether individual, institutional, institutional or coorporate and domiciled in Ponorogo. This study purpose is analyzing the concept and application of marketing mix at the institution in terms of sharia marketing. This research mehod uses a qualitative approach and research type is descriptive qualitative with observation method and interview to capture data, then conducted analysis and position of researcher as key instrument. The results of this study are: First, the marketing mix at the agency focuses on the diversification of products coupled with the launch of innovative products of good quality, halal and tayyib with low price and supported by good service and very strategic office location for promotion and uphold honesty in marketing process as syiar Islam the aim is the penetration of market segments. Second, the institute performs strategy segmentation, targeting, positioning, diferentiation to meet the target selling that pay attention to customer satisfaction by building brand, service and process good. AbstrakLAZNAS Yatim Mandiri Cabang Ponorogo merupakan lembaga nirlaba atau non profit yang berkhidmat memberdayakan segala potensi anak yatim melalui pengelolaan dana ziswaf baik perorangan, lembaga, institusi maupun coorporate dan berkedudukan di Ponorogo. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis konsep dan penerapan bauran pemasaran pada lembaga tersebut ditinjau dari marketing syariah. Metode peneltian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian diskriptif kualitatif dengan metode pengamatan dan wawancara untuk menjaring data, kemudian dilakukan analisis dan posisi peneliti sebagai intrumen kunci. Hasil dari penelitian adalah: Pertama, bauran pemasaran pada lembaga tersebut menitik beratkan pada diversifikasi produk yang dibarengi dengan peluncuran produk inovatif yang berkualitas baik, halal dan tayyib dengan harga rendah dan serta ditunjang dengan layanan bagus dan lokasi kantor yang sangat strategis untuk promosi serta menjunjung tinggi kejujuran dalam proses pemasarannya sebagai syiar Islam tujuannya adalah penetrasi segmen pasar. Kedua, lembaga tersebut melakukan strategi segmentation, targeting, positioning, diferentiation untuk memenuhi target selling yang memperhatikan kepuasan konsumen dengan membangun brand, service dan process yang bagus
Mechanics of Hydraulic-Fracture Growth from a Wellbore Intersecting Natural Fractures
Authors: Liu Yang , Chen Ping , Wu Bisheng , Ma Tianshou , Wu Bailin , Zhang Xi , Jeffrey Robert G.
Published: December 2019

The creation and propagation of hydraulic fractures (HFs) emanating from a well in a naturally fractured rock is important not only to the success of fracturing treatments, but also for interpretation of the data from diagnostic fracture injection tests (DFITs). In this paper, we consider the reservoir rock to consist of an impermeable rock matrix and a system of discrete natural fractures (NFs) that are permeable. The well is assumed to intersect two sets of NFs at their midpoints, and injection into the wellbore might open the NFs and/or create new fractures that extend along the maximum-principal-stress direction. Both new fractures and pre-existing NFs can act as either a main HF or a fluid-loss path. In this near-well transient-fracture analysis, the NFs are short segments characterized by size, orientation, and aperture. A fully coupled HF model is used to investigate the interaction between the fractures to determine how the fluid injected is distributed to the fractures for a range of stress, fluid-injection-rate, and NF-geometry conditions. We find that a more-isotropic stress condition and a lower value of the fluid-viscosity/injection-rate product favor propagation of NFs. These conditions cause the NFs to accept more fluid, and, as a result, the growth of new fractures is suppressed. The post-shut-in pressure responses for the cases with propagating new fractures and nonpropagating NFs are studied.
Chicken adaptive response to low energy diet: main role of the hypothalamic lipid metabolism revealed by a phenotypic and multi-tissue transcriptomic approach
Authors: Jehl Frédéric , Désert Colette , Klopp Christophe , Brenet Marine , Rau Andrea , Leroux Sophie , Boutin Morgane , Lagoutte Laetitia , Muret Kévin , Blum Yuna , Esqu Diane , Gourichon David , Burlot Thierry , Collin Anne , Pitel Frédérique , Benani Alexandre , Zerjal Tatiana , Lagarrigue Sandrine
Published: December 2019

Background
Production conditions of layer chicken can vary in terms of temperature or diet energy content compared to the controlled environment where pure-bred selection was undertaken. The aim of this study was to better understand the effect of a 15%-energy depleted diet on egg-production, energy homeostasis and metabolism via a multi-tissue transcriptomic analysis. Study was designed to compare effects of the nutritional intervention in two layer chicken lines divergently selected for residual feed intake.
Results
Chicken significantly increased their feed intake and decreased their abdominal adipose tissue weight in response to the low-energy diet, whereas their egg-production was unchanged. For each production trait, no significant interaction was observed between diet and line. Moreover, the low energy diet had no effect on adipose tissue and liver transcriptomes. By contrast, the nutritional challenge affected the blood transcriptome and, more severely, the hypothalamus transcriptome which displayed 2700 differentially expressed genes. In this tissue, the low-energy diet lead to an over-expression of genes related to endocannabinoid signaling (CN1R, NAPE-PLD) known to regulate feed intake, and to genes related to polyunsaturated fatty acids synthesis (FADS1, ELOVL5 and FADS2) such as the arachidonic acid which is a precursor of anandamide, a key endocannabinoid. A possible regulatory role of NR1H3 (alias LXRα) has been associated to these transcriptional changes. The low-energy diet further affected brain plasticity-related genes involved in the cholesterol synthesis and in the synaptic activity, revealing a link between nutrition and brain plasticity. It also upregulated genes related to protein synthesis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid oxidation in the hypothalamus, suggesting reorganization in nutrient utilization and biological synthesis in this brain area.
Conclusions
We observed a complex transcriptome modulation in the hypothalamus of chicken in response to low-energy diet suggesting numerous changes in synaptic plasticity, endocannabinoid regulation, neurotransmission, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial activity and protein synthesis. This global transcriptomic reprogramming could explain the adaptive behavioral response (i.e. increase of feed intake) of the animals to the low-energy content of the diet.
Combining therapy with recombinant human endostatin and cytotoxic agents for recurrent disseminated glioblastoma: a retrospective study
Authors: Ge Jing-jing , Li Cheng , Qi Shao-pei , Xue Feng-jun , Gao Zhi-meng , Yu Chun-jiang , Zhang Jun-ping
Published: December 2019

Background: The optimal chemotherapeutics of recurrent disseminated glioblastoma has yet to be determined. We analyzed the efficacy and safety of recombinant human endostatin (rh-ES) combined with temozolomide and irinotecan in patients with recurrent disseminated glioblastoma.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 30 adult patients with recurrent disseminated glioblastoma treated with this combination chemotherapy at Department of Neuro-Oncology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University of China from November 2009 to August 2018. Temozolomide was given orally at 200mg/m2 daily for 5 days and rh-ES was administrated 15 mg/d daily for 14 days of each 28-day treatment cycle. Irinotecan was given intravenously every 2 weeks on a 28-day cycle at 340 mg/m2 or 125 mg/m2 depending on antiepileptic drugs. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months (6m-PFS).
Results: The 6m-PFS was 23.3%. The median PFS was 3.2 months. The overall survival rate (OS) at 12 months was 28.6%. The median OS was 6.9 months. Six out of 30 (20%) patients demonstrated partial radiographic response and 11 (36.7%) remained stable. The PFS of the 6 patients who got partial response was 5.8, 6.3, 6.9, 13.6, 15.8 and 16.6 months, respectively, and the median time interval of first response was 4 (range, 2.0-6.6) months. The most common adverse events were hematologic toxicities and gastrointestinal effects. The Grade ≥3 adverse event was hematologic toxicities. The adverse events were manageable.
Conclusions: Rh-ES, in combination with cytotoxic drugs, was an alternative effective regimen with manageable toxicities in treatment of recurrent disseminated glioblastoma.
Multicenter investigation of pediatric gastrointestinal tract magnets ingestion in China
Authors: Wang Kai , Zhang Dan , Li Xianling , Wang Zengmeng , Hou Guangjun , Jia Xinjian , Niu Huizhong , Qi Shiqin , Deng Qingqiang , Jiang Bin , Bian Hongqiang , Yang Heying , Chen Yajun
Published: December 2019

Purpose: To describe the incidence and management of gastrointestinal tract Buckyball magnets ingestions in a multicenter Chinese pediatric patient population, and discuss the preventive measures.
Methods: Medical records of 74 pediatric patients from 9 large Chinese hospitals during the past 10 years, who were diagnosed as buckyball magnets ingestion and got invasive treatment, were retrospectively studied. The follow-up was through telephone and outpatient service to estimate the post-surgery condition. Information collection was through online questionnaire.
Results: Among the 74 cases, there were 50 boys (68%) and 24 girls (32%). The median age was 36 (interquartile range (IQR) 22-77) months, and it showed two peaks, the first between 1 and 3 years, and the second between 6 to 11 years. The annual case number showed a sharp increase over time, and the total case number in the last 2 years showed a greater than 9-fold increase when compared with the first 2 years. The majority of ingestions were unintentional, with only 3 patients deliberately swallowing the Buckyball magnets. The median time of ingestion until the onset of emergent symptoms was 2 (IQR 1-5) days. Twenty-one patients had no symptoms, and the remaining cases presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, fever, abdominal distension, excessive crying, melena, and the ceasing of flatus and defecation. Gastroscopy, colonoscopy, laparoscopic surgery and laparotomy surgery were performed in accordance with the algorithm from the North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Procedural and operative findings included gastrointestinal mucosa erosion, ischemia and necrosis, perforation, and abdominal abscess, fistula and intestinal obstruction. The median number of Buckyball magnets ingested was 4 (IQR 2-8). During the median follow-up period of 6 (IQR 1-15) months, 3 patients had intestinal obstruction, and one underwent a second operation. The remaining 71 patients were uneventful during the follow-up period.
Conclusions: The incidence of pediatric gastrointestinal tract magnets ingestion in China is increasing. Management of such patients should follow the NASPGHAN algorithm. Preventive measures to limit children’s access to Buckyball magnets should be taken from three levels, namely the national administration, producer, and consumer.
Keywords: Pediatric, Gastrointestinal tract, Magnetic foreign body, Buckyball
A Systematic review: Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Propofol and Sevoflurane on Postoperative Cognitive Function in Elderly Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Sun Haitao , Zhang Guohua , Ai Bolun , Zhang Huimin , Author) xiangyi kong(Former Corresponding , Lee Wan-Ting , Zheng Hui , Author) Tao Yan(New Corresponding , Sun Li
Published: December 2019

Background The potential risk for cognitive-impairment following surgery and anesthesia is a common concern, especially in the elderly and more fragile patient. The risk for various neurocognitive effects is thus an area of importance. The independent impact of surgery and anesthesia is still not known. Likewise, the independent effect of different drugs used during anesthesia is a matter of debate as is the number and amounts of drugs used and the "depth of anesthesia". So, understanding the drug-related phenomenon and mechanisms for postoperative cognitive impairment is essential. This meta-analysis aims to compare the effects of propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients with lung-cancer.
Methods This study is a meta-analysis for controlled-clinical-studies. Public - available online databases were searched to identify eligible randomized placebo-controlled trials or prospective cohort studies concerning the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on postoperative cognitive function. The primary endpoints are postoperative mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores at various time points; the secondary endpoint is the serum S100beta concentration 24 hours after surgery. Standard mean differences (SMDs) along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and analyzed using random or fixed effects models. Analyses regarding heterogeneity, risk of bias assessment, and sensitivity were performed.
Results We searched 1626 eligible publications and 14 studies of 1404 patients were included in the final analysis. The majority of included studies had been undertaken in Asian populations. Results suggested that propofol has a greater adverse effect on cognitive function in the elderly patients with lung cancer than sevoflurane. There were significant differences in issues of MMSE 6h (11 studies; SMD -1.391, 95% CI -2.024, -0.757; p < 0.001), MMSE 24h (14 studies; SMD -1.106, 95% CI -1.588, -0.624; p < 0.001), MMSE 3d (11 studies; SMD -1.065, 95% CI -1.564, -0.566; p < 0.001), MMSE 7d (10 studies; SMD -0.422, 95% CI -0.549, -0.295; p < 0.001), and serum S100beta concentration at 1 day after surgery (13 studies; SMD 0.746, 95% CI 0.475, 1.017; p < 0.001).
Conclusion Propofol has a more significant adverse effect on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients with lung cancer than sevoflurane.
The combination of transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block reduced postoperative pain after splenectomy
Authors: Zhu Jingli , Wang Xue-ting , Gong Jing , Sun Hai-bin , Zhao Xiao-qing , Gao Wei
Published: December 2019

Background: Splenectomy performed with a curved incision results in severe postoperative pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block on postoperative pain relief and recovery.Methods: A total of 150 patients were randomized into the control (C), levobupivacaine (L) and levobupivacaine plus morphine (LM) groups. The patients in the C group received only patient-controlled analgesia. The patients in the L and LM groups received transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block with levobupivacaine or levobupivacaine plus morphine. The intraoperative opioid consumption; postoperative pain score; time to first analgesic use; postoperative recovery data, including the times of first exhaust, defecation, oral intake and off-bed activity; the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and antiemetics use; and the satisfaction score were recorded.Results: Transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block reduced intraoperative opioid consumption. The patients in the LM group showed lower postoperative pain scores, opioid consumption, postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence and antiemetic use and presented shorter recovery times and higher satisfaction scores.Conclusions: The combination of transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block with levobupivacaine and morphine can improve postoperative pain relief, reduce the consumption of analgesics, and partly accelerate postoperative recovery.
Capacity and patient flow planning in post-term pregnancy outpatient clinics: a computer simulation modelling study
Authors: Viana Joe , Simonsen Tone B , Faraas Hildegunn E , Schmidt Nina , Dahl Fredrik A , Flo Kari
Published: December 2019

Background The demand for a large Norwegian hospital’s post-term pregnancy outpatient clinic has increased substantially over the last 10 years due to changes in the hospital’s catchment area and to clinical guidelines. Planning the clinic is further complicated due to the high did not attend rates as a result of women giving birth. The aim of this study is to determine the maximum number of women specified clinic configurations, combination of specified clinic resources, can feasibly serve within clinic opening times. Methods A hybrid agent based discrete event simulation model of the clinic was used to evaluate alternative configurations to gain insight into clinic planning and to support decision making. Clinic configurations consisted of six factors: X0: Arrivals. X1: Arrival pattern. X2: Order of midwife and doctor consultations. X3: Number of midwives. X4: Number of doctors. X5: Number of cardiotocography (CTGs) machines. A full factorial experimental design of the six factors generated 608 configurations.Results Each configuration was evaluated using the following measures: Y1: Arrivals. Y2: Time last woman checks out. Y3: Women’s length of stay (LoS). Y4: Clinic overrun time. Y5: Midwife waiting time (WT). Y6: Doctor WT. Y7: CTG connection WT. Optimisation was used to maximise X0 with respect to the 32 combinations of X1-X5. Configuration 0a, the base case Y1 = 7 women and Y3 = 102.97 [0.21] mins. Changing the arrival pattern (X1) and the order of the midwife and doctor consultations (X2) configuration 0d, where X3, X4, X5 = 0a, Y1 = 8 woman and Y3 86.06 [0.10] mins.Conclusions The simulation model identified the availability of CTG machines as a bottleneck in the clinic, indicated by the WT for CTG connection effect on LoS. One additional CTG machine improved clinic performance to the same degree as an extra midwife and an extra doctor. The simulation model demonstrated significant reductions to LoS can be achieved without additional resources, by changing the clinic pathway and scheduling of appointments. A more general finding is that a simulation model can be used to identify bottlenecks, and efficient ways of restructuring an outpatient clinic.
The effect of Liv-52 on liver ischemia reperfusion damage in rats
Authors: Cimen Orhan , Eken Huseyin , Cİmen Ferda Keskin , Cekic Arif Burak , Kurt Nezahat , Bilgin Asli Ozbek , Suleyman Bahadir , Suleyman Halis , Mammadov Renad , Pehlivanoglu Kamil , Kurnaz Eray
Published: December 2019

Background: Liver ischemia reperfusion (I/R) damage which is frequently seen in clinical hepatobiliary surgeries has no effective treatment for it. Liv-52, known to have hepatoprotective effects, is a natural antioxidant drug licensed by the Ministry of Health of India. The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of Liv-52 on liver damage induced by I/R in rats.
Methods: Albino Wistar male rats were divided into three groups; liver I/R (IR), 20 mg/kg Liv-52 + liver ischemia reperfusion (LIR) and sham operation applied to control group (HG). Liv-52 was administered to the LIR group (n-6) one hour prior to I/R application and distilled water was given orally to IR (n-6) and HG (n-6) groups as a solvent. Ischemia was determined as one hour, and reperfusion was identified as six hours in animals.
Results: Increased levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase, and glutathione related enzymes caused by I/R application have been converged to healthy group level with Liv-52 treatment and the damage in liver tissue has been improved histopathologically.
Conclusions: Liv-52 may be beneficial for preventing liver I/R damage in pre-surgery application.
Human papillomavirus type 18 oncoproteins exert their oncogenicity in esophageal and tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines distinctly
Authors: Boon Siaw Shi , Chen Zigui , Li Jintao , Ching Karen Lee Yin , Cai Liuyang , Zhong Rugang , Chan Paul Kay Sheung
Published: December 2019

Background: Increasing evidence indicates an etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in head and neck cancers, particularly oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). However, the association between HPV and other cancers, including esophageal and tongue remains unclear. This study delineated the molecular characteristics of HPV18 E6 and E7 in esophageal (EC109 and EC9706) and tongue (Tca83) cancer cell lines with reference to cervical cancer (HeLa). Methods: We analysed the HPV transcription profiles of esophageal and tongue cancer cells through Next-generation RNA sequencing, and the role of HPV18 E6 and E7 in these cells was assessed via siRNA approach, Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays. Results: Overall, the HPV transcription profiles of esophageal and tongue cancer cells mimicked that of cervical cancer cells, with notable disruption of E2, and expression of E6, spliced E6 (E6 * ), E7, E1 and L1 transcripts. As with cervical cancer cells, p53 and its downstream transactivation target, p21, were found to be the major targets of E6 in esophageal and tongue cancer cell lines. Intriguingly, E7 preferentially targeted p130 in the two esophageal cancer cell lines, instead of pRb as in cervical cancer. Tca83 exhibited an E7 to E6 transcript ratio comparable to HeLa (cervix), targeted the ERK1/2 and MMP2 pathways, and was dependent on E6 and E7 to survive and proliferate. In contrast, both the esophageal cancer cell lines were distinct from HeLa in these aspects. Conclusions: This is the first study that delineates transcript expression and protein interaction of HPV18 E6 and E7 in esophageal and tongue cancer cell lines, suggesting that HPV plays a role in inducing these cancers, albeit via distinct pathways than those observed in cervical cancer.
A Qualitative study of older adults’ perspectives on initiating exercise and mindfulness practice
Authors: Parra Diana C. , Wetherell Julie Loebach , Zandt Alexandria Van , Brownson Ross , Abhishek Janardan , Lenze Eric
Published: December 2019

Background: Mindfulness practice and exercise are ways by which older adults can improve and maintain their physical, emotional and cognitive health.
Methods: This single-site qualitative study gathered insights of older adults’ perceptions about initiating and maintaining mindfulness and exercise practices. We carried out focus groups with 41 adults aged 65-85 who had recently initiated Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), structured exercise, or their combination as part of participation in a clinical trial. We used a semi-structured interview to ask them open-ended questions regarding the benefits, barriers and facilitators of participating in mindfulness and/or exercise interventions. The interview also included questions regarding translation of these practices into community settings as well as the long-term maintenance potential of these practices.
Results: Older adults indicated that the mindfulness training increased their awareness and self-reflection and fostered a more self-accepting attitude. Furthermore, they improved their self-care habits and reported having better familial and social relationships. The main barrier for both the exercise and Mindfulness group was time management. The social benefits and sense of community were some of the primary motivators for older adults in the exercise and/or MBSR interventions. However, the research on how to motivate older adults to initiate healthy behavioral changes also needs to be answered. The benefits of exercise and MBSR are a motivation in and of themselves, as indicated by some of the participants.
Conclusions: This study indicates that mindfulness training and exercise can serve as tools to cultivate important health lifestyle qualities among older adults, who are in the midst of mental, social, emotional and physical change. If it were not for the purpose of the research or the incentives provided by the research team, these older adults may have never started the healthy behavioral changes. From the responses, this may indicate that older adults may need more incentives to begin and maintain behavioral changes other than for their own health benefit.
Key Words: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, mindfulness, exercise, older adults, qualitative study
Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in goats: repeatability, variability, and validation of the technique using an exercise test and an experimentally induced acute ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: Leroux Aurelia A , Moonen Marie , Farnir Frédéric , Deleuze Stefan , Sandersen Charlotte , Amory Hélène
Published: December 2019

Background : Two-dimensional speckle tracking (2DST) technique has been validated in numerous animal species, but neither studies of repeatability nor measurements after exercise or in animals with cardiac disease have been reported in goats. Goats are an attractive candidate for animal models in human cardiology because they are easy to handle and have a body and heart size comparable to that of humans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to validate this technique in goats for further clinical and experimental applications in this species. Methods: This study was divided into several steps. First, a standardized echocardiographic protocol was performed and 5 cineloops of a right parasternal short-axis view at papillary muscles level were recorded three times at one-day intervals in ten healthy adult unsedated Saanen goats to test repeatability and variability of 2DST measurements. Then, the same measurements were performed immediately before and after a standardized exercise on treadmill in seven of the goats, and at 24h after induction of an experimental ischemic cardiomyopathy in five of the goats, to test the reliability of the technique to assess physiological and pathological changes. Average and regional measurements of radial and circumferential strain and strain rate, radial displacement, rotation and rotation rate were obtained. Comparisons were performed using ANOVA II (p<0.05). Results: Caprine 2DST average measurements have demonstrated a good repeatability with a low to moderate variability for all measurements except for the diastolic peaks of the circumferential strain rate, radial strain rate and rotation rate. Segmental 2DST measurements were less repeatable than average measurements. Time effect of ANOVA II was significant for anteroseptal segment diastolic peaks measurements, rotation and rotation rate measurements. Overall variability of segmental measurements was moderate or high. Segmental and average peak values obtained after exercise and after myocardial ischemia were significantly different than curves obtained at baseline. Conclusions: The results of this study are consistent with those previously described in other animal species and humans. 2DST echocardiography is a valid technique to evaluate physiological and pathological changes in myocardial function in goats, despite the technical limitations observed in this species.
The relationship between endothelial progenitor cells and pulmonary arterial hypertension in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Sun Hong-Xiao , Li Guo-Ju , Du Zhan-Hui , Bing Zhen , Ji Zhi-Xian , Luo Gang , Pan Silin
Published: December 2019

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) caused by congenital heart disease (CHD) is very common in clinical. Some studies have shown that PAH is related to the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), but there is no report on the relationship between PAH and the number of EPCs in children with CHD. Methods: In this study, a total of 173 cases with CHD (from 0 to 6 years old) were collected. According to the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) measured by right heart catheterization, these cases were divided into PAH groups (including high PAH group, mPAP>25mmHg, n=32, and the middle PAH group, 20mmHg≤mPAP≤25mmHg, n=30) and non-PAH group (mPAP<20mmHg, n=111). Peripheral blood was taken for flow cytometry, and the number of EPCs(CD133+/KDR+ cells) was counted. The number of EPCs /μL of peripheral blood was calculated using the following formula: EPCs /μL =WBC /L × lymphocytes % × EPCs % × 10-6. Results: The median EPCs of the non-PAH group, middle PAH group and high PAH group is 1.86/μL, 1.30 /μL and 0.98/μL, respectively. The mPAP decreases steadily as the level of EPCs increases (P<0.05). After adjustment of gender, age and BMI, the number of EPCs was significantly associated with a decreased risk of high PAH (OR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.16-0.87, P<0.05). However, EPCs was not significantly associated with middle PAH (P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings revealed that the EPCs and high PAH in patients with CHD correlate significantly and EPCs may become an effective treatment for PAH in patients with CHD. EPCs may be a protective factor of high PAH for children with CHD
Intracavitary and Extracavitary Iliac Extended Fixation Using Porous Metal Augments for Paprosky Type 3 Acetabular Defects in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Minimum 2 Years Follow-up
Authors: Tang Hao , Zhou Yixin , Ma Zhuyi , Huang Yong , Guo Shengjie
Published: December 2019

Background: We proposed a new concept of “iliac extended fixation” in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) as fixation extending superiorly 2 cm beyond the original acetabular rim with porous metal augments, which was further classified into intracavitary and extracavitary fixation. This study reports the minimum 2 years outcome of the iliac extended fixation technique in patients with Paprosky type 3 acetabular defects.
Methods: Thirty two revision THA patients were retrospectively reviewed who underwent reconstruction with the concept of iliac extended fixation from 2014 to 2016 in our hospital. Patients were assessed using the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score (WOMAC). In addition, radiographs were assessed and patient reported satisfaction was collected.
Results: At an average follow-up of 40 months (range 25 – 64 months), the postoperative HHS and WOMAC scores were significantly improved at the last follow-up (p < 0.001). The postoperative horizontal and vertical locations of the COR were significantly improved from the preoperative measurements (p < 0.05). Two (6.3 %) patients were dissatisfied with the outcome. The extracavitary iliac extended fixation group had significantly more horizontal screws fixation (4.6 ± 25.7° vs 41.9 ± 37.8°, p < 0.001) and higher rate of osteointegration in zone 1A (91.7% vs 50.0%, p = 0.023) than the intracavitary iliac extended fixation group.
Conclusions: Intracavitary and extracavitary iliac extended fixation with porous metal augments and cementless cups are effective in reconstructing severe superior acetabular bone defects, with promising short-term clinical and radiographic outcome.