bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La place des espaces naturels dans le secteur des arts de la rue : enjeux d’hier et d’aujourd’hui
Authors: Rouland Éléonore
Published: February 2025

Les terminologies qui ont nommé les « arts de la rue » ont été définies par un besoin de reconnaissance, puis par le processus de leur institutionnalisation – elles ont cependant, dès leur émergence, été multiples et mouvantes. Car ce n’est bien évidemment pas la « rue », son bitume et ses trottoirs qui font leur essence : c’est le « dehors », en opposition au « dedans » de la salle. Du « Land Act » d’ilotopie aux créations contemporaines, les espaces naturels ont de fait toute leur place dans cette grande famille.
Peer Influence on Students' Online Addiction Behaviors
Authors: Singha Ranjit , Kanna S. Yogesh
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores how peer influence affects students' online addiction behaviours, emphasizing peer pressure, social norms, and modelling. It outlines the risks and protective factors in peer interactions, supported by empirical evidence, and considers moderating factors such as peer group dynamics and individual traits. The chapter proposes prevention strategies, including educational programs, peer-led initiatives, and institution-based efforts. It also highlights the Multidimensional Addiction Behaviour Scale (MABS) as a critical tool for assessing addiction across five dimensions—Psychological, Biological, Social and Environmental, Cognitive and Behavioral, Motivation and Readiness for change. MABS is invaluable for detecting, preventing, and intervening in digital addiction by offering comprehensive insights into how peer dynamics influence online behaviours and supporting the development of targeted strategies for healthier digital habits.
Impact of Sexting, Inappropriate Content Sharing, and Cyberbullying on Youth Education
Authors: Rodríguez José-María Romero , Berral-Ortiz Blanca , Maldonado Juan José Victoria , Menéndez Alejandro Martínez
Published: February 2025

The lives of present-day young learners are more influenced by relationships built in the digital world than ever before. Although it is undeniable that a proper use of these resources may return relevant learning and developmental benefits, their misuse can build up new forms of personal attack and harassment that tend to be unknown to a victim's immediate context. Throughout this chapter, some of the most prominent forms of online risk behaviors involving privacy invasion, mainly cyberbullying and sexting, will be conceptualized alongside their main effects on the academic life of potential victims. Furthermore, the immediate need and relevant characteristics of prevention and response protocols will be discussed, as well as the role played by educational personnel and relatives in relation to both preventing and dealing with these phenomena. This chapter, therefore, highlights the urgency of these situations, as well as the relevance and contemporaneity of the matter.
The Role of Psychodrama in the Prevention of Cyberbullying
Authors: Mastrothanasis Konstantinos , Kladaki Maria , Andreopoulou Alexia
Published: February 2025

The study investigates the effectiveness of psychodrama as an intervention method for preventing cyberbullying in schools. Its aim is to highlight the need for new approaches that address the social and emotional needs of students, as traditional prevention methods often fail to fully address the complexity of cyberbullying. Psychodrama, a therapeutic approach that uses drama and role-playing, is identified as an effective tool for promoting empathy, self-awareness, and emotional expression among students. Through a series of semi-structured interviews with school psychologists, the chapter examines their views on psychodrama, the techniques they consider most effective, and the obstacles they experience in implementing it for cyberbullying prevention. The findings reveal that psychodrama helps make schools safer and more supportive and that psychologists need regular training and support to use it well.
AI and Data Science in Sustainable Agriculture and Food Production
Authors: Jariwala Mayur
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores the transformative role of AI and Data Science in sustainable agriculture, addressing critical challenges, enhancing productivity, and fostering environmental stewardship. It defines sustainable agriculture and its importance, highlighting the need for innovative solutions. The chapter examines the role of AI and Data Science, discussing machine learning for precision agriculture and crop yield optimization with practical applications. It also covers AI techniques for water management and irrigation systems, showcasing predictive analytics and real-time monitoring. The chapter delves into computer vision for plant disease detection, comparing traditional methods with AI-based approaches. It discusses AI in fertilizer management, presenting techniques to enhance efficiency. Finally, the chapter explores AI-driven supply chain optimization and food waste reduction, illustrating the impact on efficiency and sustainability. This chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of how AI and Data Science revolutionize agriculture, promoting sustainable practices.
Sustainability of the Blue Economy in the South Asian Countries
Authors: Medhekar Anita
Published: February 2025

This chapter aims to examine the drivers and contribution of the ‘Blue Economy' to GDP in the South Asian countries surrounded by the Ocean Indian ocean, Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Maldives, and SriLanka, have a long coastline and use of the Blue Economy. These countries use the oceans resources, namely tourism, fisheries, maritime cargo transport, coastal guards, and naval ships, facing many opportunities and challenges. Therefore, it is important that the countries have a sustainable ocean resources management policies for blue economy driven economic development and meet few of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The importance of the Blue Economy is also recognized by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal–14 Life Below Water – to- Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.
Blue Governmentalities and Blue Economy Development
Authors: Azalie Izni Azrein Noor
Published: February 2025

China's emergence as Asia's new economic powerhouse presents new regional economic cooperation and integration opportunities, especially for ASEAN. Being a coastal nation with a rich history in marine food production, consumption, and trade, Brunei Darussalam is well-positioned to modernise its marine economy, particularly in fisheries and related industries, in collaboration with China under the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) framework. Under RCEP's blue economy initiatives, China's plan to revitalise its coastal cities in Guangdong and Hainan Provinces offers new opportunities for Brunei to upgrade its marine industries in line with these developments. This paper aims to identify potential regional development pathways and strategies for Brunei as it re-evaluates and enhances its current position. Using Foucault's governmentality theory, the term ‘blue governmentality' is proposed to analyse the current rationalities and governing technologies that the country employs as it connects with international markets and seeks to create and grow new industries.
Blue Economy vs. Green Economy
Authors: Bhardwaj Ananya , Roy Manas
Published: February 2025

“Green Economy”(GE) is “focuses on improving human well-being and reducing social inequity over the long-term, while not exposing future generations to significant environmental risks and ecological scarcities (UNEP)”. On the other hand, “Blue Economy” (BE) has been initially conceptualized in the year 2012 on the basis of the issues that governments faced in trying to balance their desire for fast economic development based on the ocean economy with the effects that this development process was having on the underlying ecosystems.
Assessment of Blue-Green Infrastructure Integration
Authors: Kolmakova Olena , Khalina Veronika , Ustilovska Anastasiia , Nakaliuzhna Alina
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to analyse the social, environmental and economic impacts of integrating blue-green infrastructure into the urban environment. The article theoretically examines the main components of the blue-green economy, assesses their environmental, economic and social outcomes, and formalises these outcomes through indicators and metrics. The study examines the impact of Kharkiv's blue-green infrastructure on the health and well-being of the city's residents. It analyses how the integration of such infrastructure affects the gross regional product, as well as its role in achieving the sustainable development goals set out in international and national strategic documents. The study estimates the benefits and costs of implementing blue-green infrastructure, which helps to make informed decisions and ensure that projects are in line with sustainable development goals.
The Relationship Between the Green Economy and the Labor Market
Authors: Özgün Fergül
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study is to explain the concept of green jobs in detail. Achieving a structure based on a green economy and fulfilling the requirements of a green economy has become one of the priority goals for countries globally. One essential element of the green economy process is green jobs. Developments such as the transition to environmentally friendly production systems, the reduction in the use of non-renewable energy, and the increase in the use of renewable energy have also affected the labor market and brought about the concept of green jobs. Green jobs do not have an absolute definition, as they are defined in different ways according to different sources. Because it is a broad concept, it is very difficult to make a single definition that brings all its features together. Although it does not have a generally accepted definition, green jobs are, in short, a type of employment that includes activities that prioritize improving the quality of the environment and using existing resources in the most efficient way without harming nature.
Strategies for Sustainable Development Leveraging MSMEs in the Philippine Blue and Green Economy
Authors: Loreño Dustin Tarinque , Huang Yu Chuan
Published: February 2025

This chapter examines the significant role of MSMEs in advancing a sustainable blue and green economy in the Philippines, focusing on Innovation for Sustainability and Financial Empowerment. It discusses how MSMEs can reduce environmental impact and enhance resource efficiency through waste minimization, greener technologies, and sustainable tourism. Financial empowerment through microfinance, public-private partnerships, and government policies ensures MSMEs can access funds for renewable energy projects and eco-friendly technologies. The chapter provides a framework for cooperation among policymakers, stakeholders, and MSMEs, offering practical insights and case studies of successful sustainable practices. It aims to guide the Philippine economy towards a resilient, sustainable path where economic growth aligns with environmental integrity, highlighting MSMEs as key drivers of this shift.
Development of Regional Energy Supply as a Component of Ukraine's Economic Security Under Martial Law
Authors: Yesina Valeriya , Matvieieva Natalia , Slavuta Olena , Kolmakova Olena , Khalina Veronika
Published: February 2025

In this chapter, the state of Ukraine's economic security in the context of military operations is researched. A correlation analysis of the density of the relationship between the economic security of the state and the introduction of energy-saving technologies was carried out. It is determined that the outdoor lighting is important both in terms of ensuring the safety and comfort of the citizens and in terms of energy efficiency. To improve the efficiency of outdoor lighting enterprises, a comprehensive analysis of their activity was carried out by region of Ukraine to identify leading companies and implement best practices. The original methodology of rating assessment of enterprises is proposed, which helps to identify typical groups and develop measures to improve their efficiency. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of EU Directives and the concept of sustainable development, with a focus on reducing Ukraine's energy dependence and improving energy efficiency.
Development of an Accounting Informatization Model Through Cloud Data Integrity Verification
Authors: Li Jie , Chen Ran
Published: February 2025

This manuscript explores the application of cloud data integrity verification algorithms to improve accounting informatization in enterprises. The proposed method enhances financial management by streamlining the verification of cloud-based financial data, addressing challenges related to data accuracy and security. A multi-user parallel verification algorithm is introduced, reducing verification load and improving the detection of damaged data blocks compared to traditional methods. After 100 rounds of testing, the proposed method outperformed data mining (DM) and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, identifying 127 damaged data blocks, versus 110 and 118, respectively. The findings show that increased verification rounds lead to better identification of damaged data, demonstrating the algorithm's superior performance.
The tongue: a bridge between physiology and disorder
Authors: Nsir Sabrine , Bouslama Ghada , Ghanmi Fadwa , Boukhris Hanen , Oualha Lamia , Youssef Souha Ben
Published: February 2025

The tongue, as a multifunctional organ, exhibits a variety of physiological characteristics as well as pathological alterations. Identifying and understanding these variations is crucial for ensuring an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. This article explores the main common physiological variations, such as geographic tongue, fissured tongue, etc., as well as pathological conditions, including elementary lesions such as vesicles, bullae, erosions, ulcers, plaques, as well as surface changes (atrophy), color changes (coatings, pigmentation), or even shape alterations (infiltrations). It discusses current diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches while emphasizing the importance of regular monitoring to prevent complications and maintain optimal oral health.
Ankle supports enhance only psychological aspects of the Ankle-GO score in patients with chronic ankle instability.
Authors: Picot Brice , Fourchet François , Laydevant William , Louis Camille , Rauline Gauthier , Meyer Alain , Podlog Leslie , Lopes Ronny , Hardy Alexandre
Published: February 2025

CONTEXT: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is the most serious long-term complication following an ankle sprain. Taping and bracing are frequently employed in the return to sport (RTS) continuum to avoid injury recurrence and to maximize post-injury performance. The Ankle-GO score is a valid and reliable objective RTS criteria, but the influence of ankle supports on this score in CAI patients remains unknown.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the induce effects of taping or bracing on the Ankle-GO score among patients suffering from CAI.

DESIGN: Crossover Study

SETTING: Sports medicine research laboratory

PATIENTS: Thirty CAI patients (13 males and 17 females, 33.4 ±11.7 years) performed the Ankle-GO score in three conditions (taping, bracing and no ankle support).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Ankle-GO is a 25-point score clustering 2 self-reported questionnaires (Foot and Ankle Ability Measure and Ankle Ligament Reconstruction-Return to Sport after Injury) and 4 functional tests (Single Leg Stance, Star Excursion Balance Test, Side Hop Test and Figure-of-eight test). Performances on each component as well as the total score were compared between conditions using repeated measures of ANOVA.

RESULTS: Taping and bracing significantly and equally improved the Ankle-GO score compared with no support (12.8 ±5.3 and 11.2 ±4.2 vs. 8 ±4.5 points respectively, P<.001). However, significant improvements were found solely in self-reported questionnaires with ankle support (P<.001). No differences were found in functional tests, although both taping and bracing significantly lowered instability perception during the tests (+1.9 and +1.8 points, respectively).

CONCLUSION: Ankle-GO scores were significantly enhanced with taping or bracing. However, only self-reported function and psychological readiness were improved. Functional performance was not altered, although external supports enhanced perceived stability. Both taping and bracing supports appear equally important in improving self-confidence and perceived ankle stability among individuals with CAI returning to sport.
Ethical perspectives on the Manguni bird: Integrating nature, humanity, and divine connection
Authors: Marbun Rencan C.
Published: February 2025

The Manguni bird plays a central role in the cosmology of the Minahasa people as a symbol of nature, society and spirituality. In Minahasa tradition, the Manguni is not only regarded as a natural sign that provides clues about the good or bad nature of an event but also as a divine intermediary that brings messages from God (Opo Empung). Furthermore, Manguni serves as a social symbol that strengthens the cohesion of the Minahasa community, connecting humans, nature and God in spiritual harmony. This article discusses the role of Manguni in three aspects: as an ecological sign reflecting harmony with the environment, as a social bond representing the collective identity of Minahasa and as a medium that communicates divine messages. The article also highlights the importance of integrating ecology into contextual Christian theology, especially in regions rich in local cultural traditions.Contribution: This study seeks to formulate a new approach that accommodates the relevance of local spirituality and ecological theology, with Manguni as a key symbol in the relationship between humans, nature and God.
The creation of a Polish community in the Vaal Triangle, South Africa 1980-1989
Authors: Van Ingen-Kal Michaela , Macqueen Ian
Published: February 2025

During the 1980s, amid a domestic crisis, almost a million Poles left their homeland, fleeing a failing socialist economy and a repressive regime. The majority settled in Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States of America, but some elected to relocate to South Africa. Drawing on Everett Lee’s ‘push and pull theory’, firstly, this article examines factors influencing the migration of Poles to South Africa. Secondly, it examines the formation of a Polish community in the Vaal Triangle and the importance of religion in consolidating the community and preserving a sense of Polish culture. By focussing on the Vaal Triangle during the 1980s, an area that attracted a proportionally higher number of Polish immigrants than other parts of the country, the article addresses the significance of its state industries as a magnet for skilled immigrants.Contribution: The article draws on South African newspaper coverage of Poland’s crisis as a comparative lens, together with interviews with members of the Polish community in South Africa and archival research.
Effect of Sarala Niryasa Malahara (Pine Resin Ointment), a Folklore Remedy for Padadari (Cracked Feet) in Adolescents: A Double-blind, Within-individual, Randomized, Vehicle-controlled, Pilot Study
Authors: Sourabh D. S. , Pant Champa , Pandey Ainanda
Published: February 2025

Background:

Padadari (cracked feet) is a common problem with a high incidence and recurrence rate. In adolescents, obesity, malnutrition, poverty, barefoot walking, standing for a long time on hard floors, and neglect of self-care contribute to the development of Padadari.

Aims:

This study aimed to assess the effect of Sarala niryasa (pine resin), a folklore remedy for cracked feet in Uttarakhand, on adolescents suffering from Padadari.

Material and Methods:

In this within-individual study, 12 adolescents in the age group of 10–19 years enrolled by convenient sampling served as their controls. The control foot was assigned Siktha taila (sesame oil and bee wax warmed together) and the trial foot was assigned Sarala niryasa malahara (pine resin ointment) in a double-blind, randomized manner. Each drug was applied on the assigned foot every day twice for 1 month and data was collected on the 7th, 15th, and 30th days of the trial. Student’s paired t-tests for pre- and postanalysis and repeated measures ANOVA for within the group analysis were used, and unpaired t-test was used for comparing the trial and control groups.

Results:

Complete clearance of the index crack in the trial group was achieved in a mean of 16 days, while in the control group, it was 27 days. The trial group had a cure rate of 92% while the control group’s cure rate was 75%.

Conclusions:

Ointment in comparison to its vehicle was more effective in relieving the condition within a shorter duration of time corroborating the folkloric use of pine resin in the condition.
Thoracolumbar Meningomyelocele Associated with Hydrocephalus and Kyphoscoliosis Comorbidities: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Kotrannavar Sangeeta S. , Kotrannavar Amulya , Humbarwadi Rajendra S.
Published: February 2025

Here, we are presenting a case of meningomyelocele, a severe form of spina bifida. It results from the nonclosure of the caudal end of the neural tube. It is an open neural tube defect (NTD) characterized by the protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord through a bifid spine defect in the lower thoracolumbar region associated with hydrocephalus and kyphoscoliosis comorbidities. We are discussing this case from anatomical perspectives. Understanding anatomy, embryogenesis, and genetic components helps to identify and diagnose the different NTDs. This case highlights the importance of early detection and intervention, coupled with the need for preconceptional education and comprehensive parental genetic counseling involving risks and options for future planning.
Ethnomedicinal Evaluation of Karmaranga (Averrhoa Carambola Linn.) Fruit Oil in Sandhigatavata w.s.r. to Osteoarthritis of Knee: An Exploratory Clinical Study
Authors: Shetty P. Shifa , Faisal Mohammed , Prabhu Niranjan
Published: February 2025

Background:

India’s rich biodiversity supports extensive ethnomedicine, where plants like Averrhoa carambola Linn. (Karmaranga) are used by folklore healers to treat conditions such as rheumatism and joint pain. In Ayurveda, joint pain (Sandhi shula) is linked to Sandhigata Vata, comparable to osteoarthritis (OA), a condition with high prevalence and significant impact on quality of life and healthcare costs.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to assess the therapeutic potential of fruit oil from Averrhoa carambola Linn. in the management of Janu Sandhigata vata (~OA of the Knee).

Materials and Methods:

Oil from Averrhoa carambola Linn. fruits was prepared and analyzed. A clinical study evaluated its efficacy in managing Sandhigata Vata concerning knee OA. Thirty patients were randomly selected and treated with Karmaranga Taila (Madhyama Paka) internally (15 drops twice daily) and Karmaranga Taila (Khara Paka) for local application once at night. Clinical changes were assessed every 14 days up to 28 days, with a follow-up 15 days posttreatment using various parameters such as joint pain, stiffness, swelling, crepitus, and tenderness and standard scales such as Oswestry Disability Index and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC).

Results:

The clinical study revealed that Averrhoa carambola Linn. fruit oil significantly reduced pain, stiffness, crepitus, swelling, tenderness, restricted movements, and time taken to walk 30 m, climb 10 steps, and do 10 sit-ups, along with WOMAC and Oswestry disability scores. There was no significant change in radiological findings or patellar tap test results.

Conclusion:

Averrhoa carambola Linn. fruit oil, used both internally and externally, is beneficial in managing knee OA and warrants further exploration in larger samples.
Navigating through the complexities of bullous presentation of cutaneous lichen planus: A comparative study
Authors: Jain Pragya , Yadav Priya , Dixit Sonali , Grover Chander , Sharma Sonal
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Bullous spectrum of cutaneous lichen planus has two distinct forms lichen planus pemphigoids (LPPs) and bullous lichen planus (BLP). There is paucity of literature on the clinical, histopathological, and immunological profile of this rare presentation. We aim to describe the clinical, histological, and immunological features of this distinct form further proposing an algorithmic approach for diagnosis.

Methodology

We conducted a retrospective observational study and reviewed cases of LPP and BLP which were diagnosed in the last 10 years (2011–21). Relevant information (clinical presentation, histology, immunofluorescence finding) was noted on pre-structured proforma and was analyzed.

Results

Out of 1960 biopsies of cutaneous lichen planus, only 21 cases had clinical suspected bullous presentation while immunofluorescence was received for only 16 cases. BLP was seen in the younger age group in comparison with LPPs (25.7 years vs 36.8 years). Bulla was seen in all cases. Dermo-epidermal junctional split was seen in all cases of BLP and LPP. On direct immunofluorescence (DIF) all the cases of LPP either had 1-2+ IgG and/or C3 while cases of BLP were not immunoreactive or had only colloid bodies.

Conclusion

This study describes in detail the clinicopathological profile of BLP and LPP and reiterates the importance of DIF during workup to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.
Occupational Hazards and Treatment Awareness among Ortho-spine and Neurosurgeons: A Reality Check
Authors: Acharya Shankar , Acharya Aditya , Pandey Priyanka , Jain Arihant , Sharma Radhikaa
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Orthopedic, spine, and neurosurgeons face significant occupational hazards that impact their physical and mental health. Despite the demanding nature of their work, there is limited awareness and treatment-seeking behaviors regarding these risks. This study assesses awareness and treatment practices related to occupational hazards among these specialized surgeons.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted targeting orthopedic, spine, and neurosurgeons nationwide. Using convenience sampling, participants were recruited via social media. Data were collected through a semi-structured online questionnaire designed for self-administration and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 25.

Results:

A total of 210 surgeons participated, with a mean age of 44.1 ± 9.9 years. Over one-third (35.2%) had more than a decade of experience, and 71.0% were in private practice. More than half (57.6%) operated 5–25 cases weekly involving C-arm usage, and 68.1% consistently used personal protective equipment. The majority (81.9%) lacked formal training in managing occupational hazards. Most respondents experienced various occupational hazards, with 73.8% encountering needle stick injuries and 60.5% reporting acute backache. Furthermore, 65.0% experienced mental health issues since beginning their careers, and 59.5% felt unsupported by their workplace.

Conclusion:

The study highlights a critical gap in awareness and support for managing occupational hazards among orthopedic, spine, and neurosurgeons. There is a pressing need for formal training, ergonomic education, and systemic support to promote self-care and mitigate risks. Addressing these issues is essential for fostering a healthier, more resilient workforce.
Impact of Yoga Intervention on Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Bansal Ravi , Kant Kamal , Aggarwal Avantika , Bansal Savita , Yadav Pankaj
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

In spite of advancements in hemodialysis and supportive medications, long-term outcomes in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) have not improved much. Lower levels of social support, decreased behavioral compliance with the dialysis prescription, and increased negative perception of the effects of illness have been associated with increased mortality. Nonpharmacological approach like Yoga may help improve outcomes in these patients.

Materials and Methods:

Patients of chronic renal failure, aged 18 years and above, on MHD for at least 1 month were included. A baseline assessment of the level of mental and physical fitness and absence of chronic disabling conditions which could limit patient understanding and physical performance of yoga was made. Patients were counseled and educated on yoga protocol. Yoga intervention was practiced for 3 months. Data were collected at baseline and after 3 months on patient characteristics, lab parameters, and KDQOL-SF36 questionnaire.

Results:

A total of 75 patients were counseled, 45 took part in the study, 32 completed the 3-month study period. Age ranged from 18 to 67 years with 22% female and 78% males. Patients showed a trend toward a decrease in hypertension medicines. Significant increase in mean albumin levels (3.84 g/dL to 4.26 g/dL), hemoglobin levels (7.71 g/dL to 9.27 g/dL), and calcium levels (8.5 mg/dL to 8.9 mg/dL) was seen. Seven out of the eight parameters within the KDQOL-SF36 scoring exhibited statistically significant improvement (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Yoga, a nonpharmacological and cost-effective complementary therapy for MHD patients, has a significant positive impact both on physiological and psychological markers and the overall quality of life of these patients.
Comparative efficacy of pre-emptive TIPS and elective TIPS in EGVB patients with cirrhosis: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Ren Jinfeng , Liu Tianyu , Yang Zhengying , Yuan Xihui , Yang Minyuan
Published: February 2025

Background:

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is the main method to prevent the rebleeding of esophagogastric varices. Many studies have demonstrated that pre-emptive TIPS (p-TIPS) is superior to medicine combined with endoscopic standard therapy in the efficacy of high-risk patients, but very few relevant studies reported whether p-TIPS is more effective than elective TIPS. This study aims to compare the efficacy and prognosis of p-TIPS and elective TIPS for the treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB) patients with cirrhosis.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, clinical data of 92 patients with cirrhosis who accepted TIPS treatment after EGVB of cirrhosis were collected. According to the different times of TIPS, the patients were divided into the p-TIPS group and the elective TIPS group. The following information is documented: clinical manifestations and laboratory examination at 1, 3, and 6 months after the operation, survival state, the rates of rebleeding at 6 weeks and 6 months, and postoperative complications and serious adverse events during follow-up.

Results:

The Child-Pugh score (P = 0.002) and MELD score (P = 0.006) in the p-TIPS group were significantly lower than those in the elective TIPS group in the 6th month after treatment. The rate of no gastric coronary vein embolization in the p-TIPS group was higher than in the elective TIPS group (P = 0.034). The hospitalized days (P < 0.001) and hospitalized costs (P < 0.001) were significantly lower in the p-TIPS group than in the elective TIPS group. No significant differences were observed between the two groups concerning rebleeding, overt hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, complications, and serious adverse events, occurrence.

Conclusion:

The p-TIPS contributes to liver function recovery and enhances patient survival benefits at 6-months postoperation in the treatment of EGVB compared with elective TIPS, without increasing the incidence of complications and adverse events.
A Review of the Recent Epidemiology of Zika Virus Infection
Authors: Rabe Ingrid B. , Hills Susan L. , Haussig Joana M. , Walker Allison T. , dos Santos Thais , San Martin José Luis , Gutierrez Gamaliel , Mendez-Rico Jairo , Rodriguez José Cruz , Elizondo-Lopez Douglas , Gonzalez-Escobar Gabriel , Chanda Emmanuel , Al Eryani Samira M. , Kodama Chiori , Yajima Aya , Kakkar Manish , Kato Masaya , Wijesinghe Pushpa R. , Samaraweera Sudath , Brindle Hannah , Tissera Hasitha , Kelley James , Lackritz Eve , Rojas Diana P.
Published: February 2025

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted primarily by the bite of infected Aedes species mosquitoes. Although typically asymptomatic or causing mild symptoms and infrequent neurological disease in older children and adults, infection during pregnancy can result in severe congenital malformations and neurodevelopmental deficits. We conducted a review of published literature and official data sources to describe recent Zika epidemiological trends, building on WHO updates posted in 2019 and 2022. Globally, cases declined after the height of ZIKV transmission in the Americas in 2015–2016; however, transmission continues across multiple regions, with intermittent outbreaks reported. As of December 2023, there is documented evidence of current or prior autochthonous mosquito-borne ZIKV transmission in 92 countries and territories; most recently, Guinea, Mali, and Sri Lanka were included on the basis of recent or retrospective testing of specimens collected during surveillance activities or studies. The abundance of asymptomatic and mild infections and limited diagnostic testing suggest that transmission in many locations likely remains underrecognized. Public health authorities, clinicians, communities at risk, and travelers should remain alert to the possibility of ZIKV transmission and implement measures to limit the risk of infection with ZIKV and other Aedes-borne arboviruses. To strengthen surveillance for ZIKV infections and congenital disease, targeted surveillance using clear case definitions and epidemiologically appropriate laboratory testing algorithms should be applied.
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (Aniline –Co-Chloroaniline) Polymers and Applications in Automotive Industries as Paint Coatings
Authors: Pachanoor Vijayanand , Moorthi Bharathiraja
Published: February 2025

Polyaniline (PANI)-polymer based smart paints have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing the durability and performance of automobile surface coatings. These paint coatings offer a superior corrosion resistance, conductivity, and environmental stability, making it an ideal. Here novel copolymers of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid(DBSA) aided poly (aniline-co-m-chloroaniline) nanocomposites of various compositions were prepared by oxidative method in micellar solution. These nanocomposites were analyzed by using UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopic methods. The crystalline nature of the polymer was evidenced through XRD patterns. SEM revealed the presence of particles with spherical morphology 100 nm in diameter. The electrical activity of the doped polymer was found to be content increasing from 3:1 to 3:3 x 10-2 S/cm to 5.64 x 10-7 S/cm with chloroaniline. These copolymers are added as additives in manufacturing of paint. These novel paints offer multiple protective mechanisms, including barrier protection, passivation, inhibition of cathodic and anodic reactions, and electrochemical stabilization. These mechanisms work synergistically to prevent the penetration of corrosive agents and redistribute electrochemical activity across the metal surface, thereby reducing the rate of corrosion. In addition to corrosion resistance, these paints also provide anti-static properties contributing to the overall functionality and longevity of automotive components.
Revolutionizing Titanium Alloy Machining: ANFIS Model for Advanced Machining Performance Optimization
Authors: Pasupuleti Thejasree , Natarajan Manikandan , Raju Dhanasekar , Kiruthika Jothi , Katta Lakshmi Narasimhamu , Silambarasan R
Published: February 2025

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a highly efficient method for creating intricate structures in electrically conductive materials, regardless of their hardness. Due to the growing demand for superior products and the necessity for quick design adjustments, decision-making in the manufacturing industry has become increasingly complex. This study specifically examines Titanium Grade 19 and suggests the creation of an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model for predictive modeling in ECM. The study employs a Taguchi-grey relational analysis (GRA) methodology to attain multi-objective optimization, with the goal of concurrently maximizing material removal rate, minimizing surface roughness, and achieving precise geometric tolerances. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to assess the relevance of process characteristics that impact these performance measures. The ANFIS model presented for Titanium Grade 19 provides more flexibility, efficiency, and accuracy in comparison to conventional approaches, allowing for greater monitoring and control in ECM operations. Moreover, the study investigates the potential uses of Titanium Grade 19 in the automotive industry, emphasizing its crucial function in sectors that demand resilient materials in corrosive environments. The experimental validation demonstrates a strong correlation between the projected results and the actual performance, confirming the effectiveness of the ANFIS-based strategy.
Optimized Design and Analysis of a High-Performance, Track-Focused Quad Bike for the Indian Market
Authors: Thanikonda Praveen Kumar , Shaik Amjad , Tappa Raju , Ratlavath Ramu , Navar Adarsh , Challa Ajith Kumar
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a complete approach to the optimized design and analysis of a trach-focused quad bike suitable for the Indian market. The process of design integrates several analytical factors, including driver ergonomics, aesthetics, and strategic component placement, to establish optimum vehicle dimensions. The primary objective is to address the unique demands of the Indian terrain and user preferences through ensure comfort, functionality, and visual appeal. The selection process for tires and suspension geometry is precisely conducted with the advanced OptimumKinematics software. This optimization provides greater performance and stability that the vehicle can accurately manage a variety of road conditions. The space frame chassis of a vehicle’s core structure features, engineered to minimalize tubing and facilitate ease of fabrication, contributing to both structural integrity and weight reduction. A robust 600cc four-cylinder engine is selected that emphasizing an optimal power-to-weight ratio, guarantees both swiftness and power. Superior stopping distance achieved by carefully design the braking system to enhance safety and control. This project’s engineering focuses to meet rigorous performance and durability standards by the detailed design and analysis of structural components using SolidWorks software. Meticulously designed the suspension dynamics to enhance the handling and ride comfort. The stability during high-speed manoeuvres accomplished with the diligence results in a vehicle with a low center of gravity. Extreme torsional and bending stiffness is provided to chassis while designing to ensure that the vehicle remains rigid under various stresses. Structurally strong components, agile handling, and robust performance in quad bike resulted so far characterised by its lightweight. The speed, safety, and durability are essentially balanced by the design and making it an ideal for track focused devotees in the Indian market.
Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Overhanging AA 4043 Structures Fabricated by CMT Pulse Based WAAM for Automotive Applications
Authors: A Aravind , S Jerome , A Rahavendran
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of overhanging structures using the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) pulse based Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) technique, specifically targeting automotive applications on commercial aluminum components. Focusing on optimal welding strategies for overhanging structures, components are fabricated by providing offsets during consecutive deposition of layers, thus producing parts with angles of 45°, 60° and 90° inclinations from the substrate. Three specimens undergo around twenty-five layers of deposition, resulting in structurally sound joints within this specified angle range. AA 4043 electrode is utilized, and welding parameters are optimized through trials by verifying with bead on plate deposition. Successful outcomes are achieved within the specified angle range, though challenges arise beyond 60°, complicating the maintenance of desired weld quality. The study further evaluates the microstructure, microhardness, and tensile properties of aluminum alloy (AA 4043) samples fabricated at different build orientations (90°, 45°, and 60°). Microhardness measurements indicate that the 60° orientation exhibits the highest hardness values across all positions, suggesting superior material strength and consistency. Tensile tests reveal that specimens fabricated at a 60° build orientation demonstrate the highest Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of 217 MPa and a total elongation of 23.6%, indicating optimal mechanical performance. Microstructural analysis supports these findings, showing refined grain structures and uniform phase distribution in the 60° orientation compared to the rest. Conversely, samples at a 90° build orientation display inferior mechanical properties, with the lowest UTS (122 MPa) and total elongation (17.0%). This study also provides a foundational understanding of the importance of optimal welding strategies and orientations in the CMT pulse based WAAM process for overhanging structures, emphasizing its relevance for automotive applications for its potential in producing complex, high-performance aluminum structures suitable for automotive components.
Enhancing O-Ring Performance Prediction Using Machine Learning
Authors: Mallu Venkata Reddy , Penumatsa Venkata Ramana Raju , Chirravuri Bhaskara , Duddu Varaprasad , Miller Ronald , Sahu Abhishek
Published: February 2025

O-rings are essential components in engineering products as they ensure leak-proof sealing and hinders amalgamation of various fluids in the system. O-rings in general have lot of factors that go into deciding the right design for a system. With the help of FEA, O-ring design is varied to ensure optimal results. However, this process is time and resource consuming. Considering this situation, an alternative approach to predict the outcome with the help of DOE study is chosen in this paper. It leverages the Machine Learning models to predict the output parameters effectively with less resources. With the help of performance parameters, this paper proposes a comparison of various native ML models like Linear Regression, Random Forrest, SVM, KNN, Boosting, Artificial Neural Networks and Kriging [7]. The Goal is to systematically compare the prediction performance of various models based on bootstrapping and hypothesis testing techniques to identify the most effective approach. This research aims to enhance the efficiency and reliability of predictive modelling and help in virtual validation of O-rings.
Machine Learning Based Variation Studies for Electric Vehicle Drive Unit Virtual System Models
Authors: Penumatsa Venkata Ramana Raju , Katha Venkateswar , Black Derrick , Jain Sachin , Maddipati Seshagiri
Published: February 2025

In electric vehicles development, manufacturing variations pose big challenge in designing various mechanical components as these variations directly impact various customer perceivable performance outputs. If the manufacturing variations can be included in design phase itself, overall robustness of the design can be enhanced.

This paper delineates machine learning based methods to include manufacturing variations in designing drive units for electric vehicles. In an electric vehicle, the drive unit transfers power or torque from a battery through an inverter to wheels. The drive units are subjected to different types of loads under various vehicle maneuvers. To evaluate the drive unit system virtually, system level simulations are performed. Traditionally, nominal values of the several inputs such as bearing parameters, gear parameters and clearances etc. are used. However, the drive unit must be designed in such a way that outputs meet target considering all the variations of inputs. To assess this, large number of simulations are to be performed which is quite difficult and time consuming.

To address this challenge, machine learning offer alternative to traditional simulation techniques. Machine learning models can be developed and used to predict outputs for all the combinations of required variations in inputs with minimal use of simulation software and computation resources. This paper proposes methodology in which machine learning models are developed based on data generated by sampling. Different regression algorithms are used and evaluated statistically. Best algorithm is selected based on its performance metrics and used to predict outputs for any variations.
Ascertainment of Optimized Profile of Hybrid Vortex Bladeless Turbine for Unmanned Surface Vehicles Using Progressive Computational Studies
Authors: Veeraperumal Senthil Nathan Janani Priyadharshini , Rajendran Mahendran , Arumugam Manikandan , Raji Arul Prakash , Sakthivel Pradesh , Stanislaus Arputharaj Beena , L Natrayan , Ganesan Balaji , Raja Vijayanandh
Published: February 2025

This work addresses an innovative method for improving energy harvesting in Bladeless wind turbines (BWT) by implementing profile modifications to the wind turbine for fixing it in Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USV). The streamlined flow undergoes a transformation and generates a vortex in the vicinity of the structure when the wind impacts the BWT. As the velocity increases, the wind strikes the structure with greater force, resulting in an imbalance that causes the structure to vibrate. To convert this vibrational energy of the wind turbine into electrical energy, the research investigates the use of a variety of profile modifications to capitalize on the aerodynamic effect generated by the structure. The entire cylindrical shape is altered to tapered shape, airfoil shapes with coordinates such as NACA 0012, 0015, 0018, 4412 and 4420. In addition to these shapes, hybrid models were also constructed by merging models made from two airfoil coordinates, including NACA 0018 & 4412, NACA 4412 & 4420 and NACA 4412 & 4412. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are employed to design and investigate aerodynamic forces, torque, pressure and induced velocity of the diverse design profiles using ANSYS Workbench software. The analysis is performed under specific boundary conditions to determine the most effective design for enhancing energy extraction. The USV employs this efficient method of operating BWT to generate additional power from renewable sources by utilizing the high-velocity air generated in the environment. The results of the analysis indicate that the Hybrid 4412-4420 airfoil structured design performs better and is more efficient than the other models.