bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Ozone Catalysts by Copper Manganese and Iron Oxide and their Effects in Organic Removal
Authors: Sun Hong Wei , Ling Kai Zhi , Luo Jia Wen
Published: June 2014

In this study, three kinds of catalysts for ozone catalytic were fabricated and their effects on organic removal were investigated, moreover the influencing factors in manufacturing were investigated by orthogonal experiments. The prepared Cu/Al2O3, Mn/Al2O3 and Fe/ Al2O3 improved UV254 removal of ozone by 12%, 3% and-2%, when ozone was combined with activated carbon filtration, the removal of UV254 was improved by 16%, 14% and 8% respectively. Cu/Al2O3 was chosen as a model catalyst and its effluencing factors in preparation, including impregnation concentration, impregnation time and calcinations temperature, were analyzed in orthogonal experiments. The orthogonal experiments showed that impregnation time has the biggest effluence in catalytic effect, which followed by calcinations temperature and impregnation concentration.
Research on Early-Warning System for City Environment Based on Sensor Network
Authors: Chen Chang Shun
Published: June 2014

Aiming at enhancing real-time controlling and continuity of city environmental monitoring and early warning, solutions based on sensor network are proposed. Making ARM as the main processor, bedded intelligent measuring and controlling unit is employed for programming under Linux environment. With PC as the control center, programming in ASP.NET enables complicated processes as data screening, analysis and early warning being achieved. Taking advantage of the GPRS technology, the wireless sensor network is constructed, which facilitates the connection between control unit and center, leading to the establishment of command control and data transmission. Further practical application also demonstrated that such solution is stable, efficient and economical.
Sensitive Determination of Total Microcystins in Water by Derivatization-Gaschromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Pu Hong Ping , Cai Qian , Pan Xue Jun
Published: June 2014

The aim of the method development in this paper was to tackle the problems with the erythro-2-methyl-3-methoxy-4-phenylbutyric acid (MMPB) methodology: the rather laborious workflow and the loss of material during different steps of the method. In the optimised workflow, The detection limit of MMPB was 0.01 μg/L. Supposing the average of molecular weights of microcystins variants are 1000, the value of the detection limit is equivalent to 0.05 μg/L of microcystins. These results indicated that this method is the most sensitive method for determination of total microcystins, and it could be applied to the monitoring of microcystins in drinking water, reservoirs and freshwater lakes.
Start-Up Operation and Hydraulic Retention Time Selectivity for Palm Oil Mill Wastewater at Mesophilic Temperature in Anaerobic Suspended Growth Closed Bioreactor
Authors: Wong Yee Shian , Teng Tjoon Tow , Ong Soon An , Norhashimah Morad , Rafatullah Mohd
Published: June 2014

The start-up operation and hydraulic retention time (HRT) selectivity of anaerobic degradation for palm oil mill effluent (POME) wastewater was carried out in an anaerobic bioreactor. HRT between 35 and 5 days were investigated. The start-up process for the anaerobic degradation of POME wastewater was found to be completed after 40 days of operation. This study also recommended that the anaerobic degradation of POME wastewater should be operated at the HRT between 35 and 10 days without acid risk. The performance of anaerobic bioreactor could reach 90.55% - 87.55% chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction, 0.06 - 0.40 ratio between volatile fatty acid (VFA) and alkalinity (Alk), -368.2 mV to-445.80 mV of oxygen reduction potential (ORP) and 9.08 - 37.2 liters of biogas production, respectively.
Status Quo and Reduction Potential of Primary PM2.5 Emissions from Cement Kilns and Steel Sintering Machines
Authors: Ding Yong Hua , Zuo Peng Lai , Han Bin Jie , Liu Yuan , Yue Tao , Jing Peng , Qi Shu Fang , Sang Liang
Published: June 2014

Based on the status of primary PM2.5 emissions from cement kilns, steel sintering machines and primary PM2.5 control technology, the factors influencing primary PM2.5 emissions, emission standards, industrial policy and technology developing trends were analyzed. Above all, primary PM2.5 control technology roadmap ​​for China's cement kilns and steel sintering machines was made. Based on the control scheme, the primary PM2.5 emissions from cement kilns and steel sintering machines are estimated to be 449,100 tons in 2020, 291,300 tons less than in 2011. The reduction rate is 39%. Finally, recommendations were proposed to control primary PM2.5 emissions from cement kilns and steel sintering machines.
Study on Spatio-Temporal Changes of Wetland Landscape Patterns in the Modern Yellow River Delta
Authors: Chang Jun , Liu Wei , Li Tao
Published: June 2014

The wetland distribution in the modern Yellow River Delta is extracted by using a combination method of supervised classification based on the Landsat TM images in 1991, 2001 and 2011. The changes of wetland were analyzed from landscape index in the paper. The result shows that the area of natural wetland degrades, while the area of artificial wetland increases from 1991 to 2011. The transfer trajectory of spatial centroids of the wetland shows that it shifts towards southeast. Man-made driving forces are the main factors that cause natural wetlands degrades.
The Methodology to Establish a High Temporal Resolution Emission Inventory for Tunnel Source in City
Authors: Huang Qing , Han Hao , Zhang Zhan Yi , Wang Bo Guang , Zhang Chun Lin
Published: June 2014

Tunnel source is an important emission source in urban microenvironment, and the influence of emission pollutants from tunnel source to air quality in surrounding area could not be ignored. In this study the monitoring data in the entrance and the exit of the tunnel was used to calculate the emission amount from tunnel source. Then the methodology to establish the tunnel source emission inventory with a high temporal resolution was discussed in this paper. This research would provide basis for the establishment of the emission inventory in urban microenvironment, and provide a more realistic emissions inventory to Air Quality Model.
The Recent Advances and Applications of Arsenic Speciation in Water
Authors: Zhou Li Ming , Zhou Jian Mei , Li Qing Song , Guo Hui , Chen Jun Xiang
Published: June 2014

Arsenic (As) is well known as a toxic element for human beings. The toxicity, mobility,and bioavailability of As compounds is highly dependent on its chemical forms and oxidation states. Speciation analysis of trace elements is an important issue in biomedical and environmental sciences. For the past few years many studies have been performed to determine As speciation in tap water, food chain and other environmental samples. This review provides the chemical speciation of As in water analysis in recent ten years, including the separation and preconcentration techniques, chromatographic techniques, detection techniques of inorganic As and organic As species (included As-containing chemical warfare agents). The advantages of various methods, insufficient, selectivity, sensitivity, limit of detection (DL) were reviewed.
The Study on the Water Pollution of Yi River in Yishui City via the Technique of Micronuclei in Vicia faba Root Tip Test
Authors: Zhang Hong Mei
Published: June 2014

Yi River is the second longest river in Shandong Province and the largest river in the Yimeng mountain area. The quality of the water has been improved due to the measure taken by the local government. In this study, five water samples of random sites along Yi River in Yishui City were monitored by using the micronuclei in Vicia faba root tip test technique (VNMs). The results showed that the micronuclei frequencies (MCN‰) of all the five samples were approximately equivalent to the control sample. In addition, five samples, respectively 1m, 2m, 3m, 5m and 20m from an illegal sewage outlet along the flow direction, were taken for VNMs. The MCN‰ dates were 17.982‰, 13.261‰, 10.346‰, 4.074‰, 2.475‰, which indicated that the pollution was severe near the sewage outlet while at the distance of 20m from the sewage outlet the water turned good quality. Our study can give a data support for the policy of local government.
The Variation of Atmospheric Visibility in Benxi of China
Authors: Wang Yang Feng , Ma Yan Jun , Lu Zhong Yan , Zhang Yun Hai , Li Li Guang , Liu Ning Wei , Hong Ye
Published: June 2014

The variations of the atmospheric visibility and its relationship to the atmospheric particles mass concentration have been studied by using the continuous visibility data of monitoring instrument FD12 from Benxi air component monitoring station in 2010. The results show that the annual mean visibility is 12.6 km in 2010, and its daily average concentration has a large variation range. The daily visibility mainly lies in 6 km to 15 km with all the observed data at the rate of above 67%. The frequency of visibility smaller than 3km and bigger than 30 km is very low with the rate below 1% of all the observed data. There has been a low value of the atmospheric visibility in winter and a high value in spring. The visibility and the atmospheric particles mass concentration show negative correlation, and the finer the particles are, the more they affect visibility.
Trend Analysis of Marine Ecology with Nearshore Reclamation for Ecological Civilization
Authors: Li Ming Chang , Zhao Ying Jie
Published: June 2014

The amount and diversity of phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos are very essential indexes for the marine ecology. These indexes are meaningful guidance for the regional management, sustainable development and ecological civilization. In this paper, the trend of marine ecology is researched for guiding and improve the environmental impact assessment and management in the Caofeidian marine district, Tangshan Bay. The amount and diversity of phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos are analyzed by five years’ field data. The research results show that the marine reclamation has influence on the marine ecology.
Using the Modified Tessier Method to Analyze Antimony Speciation in Suspended Solids in Mining Wastewater
Authors: Li Zhi Bin , Hu Ji Wei , Zhou Chao , Lin Yi Miao , Li Ling Yun , Huang Xian Fei , Jia Miao
Published: June 2014

The modified Tessier method was used in the present study to analyze the antimony (Sb) speciation in suspended solids in mining wastewater from Ban-po Antimony Mine in Guizhou province. It was found that the residual fraction and the soluble fraction are the highest and the lowest in the five Sb fractions, accounting for 62.5% and 3% of the total respectively. The order of the five Sb fractions is: the residual fraction > the reduced fraction > the oxidation fraction > the acid-extractable fraction > the soluble fraction. The antimony soluble form in aqueous solution is mainly Sb (V), about 90% of the total. The results from the analysis by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy showed that the major crystalline forms of suspended solids are K-Mg-Fe-Al-Si-O-H2O, Cu3SbS4, 3CaO·2Sb2O5·8H2O, SiO2 and the content of antimony element is approximately 2.55%.
A Novel Predictive PID Control Method for SBR Wastewater Treatment Process DO Control
Authors: Yu Hai Bo , Feng Yu Zhao , Peng Wei , Sheng Li Wei , Li Hong Lu , Zhang Heng
Published: June 2014

Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment process has lots of characteristics, such as randomness, time-varying characteristics, complexity and so on. In order to solve the above problems, a predictive PID control method based on DMC and ordinary PID for SBR wastewater treatment process dissolved oxygen (DO) control was proposed. The simulation studies were conducted with the MATLAB in a sewage treatment plant. The results showed that the proposed predictive PID control method was robust and jamproof. Meanwhile, the wastewater treatment system also had a strong capacity of shock load.
Effect of Hg on Jiaozhou BayWaters – The Change Process of the Hg Pollution Sources
Authors: Yang Dong Fang , Wang Feng You , He Hua Zhong , Wu You Fu , Zhu Si Xi
Published: June 2014

Based on investigation data in Jiaozhou bay waters from 1979 to 1985(absent of 1984), this paper tried to anylysis the horizontal distributions and pollution sources and characteristics of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay. The results showed that, the horizonal distributions of Hg in surface water of Jiaozhou Bay showed decreasing trends from river flow direct, and the major pollution source of Hg was point source, whose pollutants were transferred by stream discharge. Under the influences of point source pollution, the Hg concentrations in surface waters could range from 0.46-13.04 μg.L-1; while under the influences of ocean current itself, the concentration of Hg in bay mouth area could range from 0.46-13.04 μg.L-1. The pollution sources of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay could be catagoried as two levels as high-pollution sources and non-pollution sources, due to Hg in this bay was mainly impacted by point source. It is necessary to enhance the recovery ratio of Hg, and to reduce the discharge of Hg.
Influence of Festival Celebration on Concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 in Shenyang City
Authors: Bai Xiao Li , Zhang Guang Na , Wang Duo , Guo Shao Fen , Zhu Xian Gui
Published: June 2014

The daily pollutant variations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 are useful for environment protection and advices for human health. Two years data from three different time period before Spring Festival (SF), after SF and after Lantern Festival (LF) in Shenyang city of year 2013 and 2014 was analyzed. Results showed that concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 were higher in 2014 than those in 2013, especially for SO2 and NO2; Among the three periods, concentrations of four air pollutants followed the sequence of after LF > before SF > after SF and road traffic emissions are more contributive than firework combustion during the festival celebration. We conclude that air pollution in Shenyang City is worsening and more influenced by vehicular pollution.
Laser Absorption Spectroscopy of H2O in the 12 252-12 312 cm-1Region Using Herriott-Type Cell
Authors: Lu Gen Ping , Shi Wei Xin , Wu Ying Fa , Li Chuan Liang , Qiu Xuan Bing , Wei Ji Lin
Published: June 2014

We study the absorption spectra of water vapor by the 899-29 Ti:sapphire laser in the region between 12 252-12 312 cm-1. Due to the weak absorption of H2O, a folded multi-pass optical path cell of Herriott-type is used to increase the sensitivity of detection. Totally, forty-three lines with intensity ranging around 10-24cm-1/molecule are recorded and the centre frequency of transitions is derived by fitting observed lines using Voigt profile.
Optimization of Ultrasound Extraction of Nitrite Nitrogen in Sediment by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Liu Dan , Yu Fang , Tan Wei , Li Gui Zhen , Yang Min , Wang Hong Bin
Published: June 2014

Response surface methodology based on single factors was used to optimize the process condition for extraction of nitrite nitrogen in sediment . The results indicated that the extraction amount of nitrite nitrogen was 9.5μg /g under the optimum condition of extraction time of 44min, ultrasonic power of 280W, solid-liquid ratio of 1:19,which was closed to the predicated yield of 9.3μg/g. The process can be used for the extraction of nitrite nitrogen in sediments.
Oil Containment by Floating Boom under Wave-Current Coupling Conditions III: Prediction on Failure Velocity
Authors: Feng Xing , Wu Wan Qing , Yu Gui Feng
Published: June 2014

The numerical simulation of oil containment by floating boom under wave-current coupling conditions is presented in a companion paper. The present paper focuses on the use of the numerical experimental platform developed by FENG and WU for the prediction of oil containment failure velocity of floating boom under wave-current coupling conditions. Detailed derivation processes about the containment failure velocity formula are provided. The effects of oil parameters, wave parameters and oil boom parameters on oil containment failure velocity receive particular attention, and the influences of some of these parameters such as oil density, boom draft are quantified. The prediction model can provide an economic, convenient method for oil spill response.
BCR Speciation Analysis of Mercury in Smelting Slag at Yunnan Arsenic Mining Area
Authors: Li Bin , Ning Ping , Gao Yun Tao , Wang Hong Bin
Published: June 2014

BCR three-step extraction method was used to evaluate the speciation of mercury in mining area soil. The results showed that the major existent form of mercury in NO.1 and NO.3 area were acid-soluble speciation, the major existent form of mercury in NO.2 and NO.4 area were nitric acid-soluble speciation, and the total content of mercury in entrance area, shade area, sunny area and low-lying area were 419.977 mg/kg, 182.945 mg/kg, 290.313 mg/kg and 798.718 mg/kg, respectively. The bioavailability of mercury in mining area soil was evaluated based on BCR speciation. Acid-soluble speciation, nitric acid-soluble speciation and oxidation speciation were considered to be potential bioavailability.
Empirical Analysis of Structural Equation on Pro-Environmental Behaviors
Authors: Gao Zhi Ying , Liu Dong Dong
Published: June 2014

This paper intends to reveal that materialism is how to influence the pro-environmental behavior in materialism, environmental beliefs and environmental concerns. A person who has materialistic tendency, his behavior is extremely harmful to the ecological environment. But environmental beliefs and environmental concerns are helpful to formation of the environment friendly behavior. The pro-environmental behaviors are classified into two kinds: one is cycle and substitution, which is the goods or services with low material and recyclable material for consumer choice; the other is to directly reduce material consumption or frugal consumption, which means reducing the consumption of non-necessities. With the help of establishing structural equation model of pro-environmental behavior and its influence factors, the relationship between factors and behavior is tested. The conclusions are as follows: Materialism impact on environmental beliefs and environmental concerns were significant negative; environmental beliefs on environmental concerns were significant positive; environmental concerns on the cycle and alternative behaviors were significant positive, but environmental concerns on frugal behaviors did not have a significant positive. As negative effects of the materialistic values and norms, the formation of Pro-environmental behaviors is difficult.
The Primary Study of Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO/Nickel-Zinc Ferrite Magnetic Photocatalyst
Authors: Wu Chun Du , Zheng Kun , Xie Qing Jie
Published: June 2014

Magnetic photocatalyst ZnO/nickel-zinc ferrite powders were synthesized by two-step method: First ,nickel-zinc ferrite powders were prepared by coprecipitation method and then ZnO /nickel-zinc ferrite composite powders were prepared by the homogeneous precipitation method. The as-prepared sample was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), the photocatalysis of the catalyst was evaluated with methylene blue as decomposition substance and the photocatalytic activity of the material has been tested on decomposable substrate under visible-light in the magnetic photocatalytic wastewater treatment reactor. The results demonstrate that the magnetic photocatalyst ZnO/nickel-zinc ferrite powders exhibit highly efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity, the degradation rate of methylene blue is 84%.
The Estimate and Influence Factors Analysis of Energy Consumption Carbon Footprint of Jiangsu Province
Authors: Zhao Qiang , Li Xiu Mei , Mi Duo
Published: June 2014

This article takes Jiangsu Province as an example, using the consumption from 2000 to 2009 and its social and economic statistical data to analyze the change rule of the energy consumption carbon footprint; with the trend correlation method to study the affecting factors of the energy consumption carbon footprint, and uses the decoupling index method to study the relationship between energy consumption carbon footprint and economic development. The conclusions show that the average growth rate of energy consumption carbon footprint from 2000-2009 is 13.6%. On the whole, before 2005, the main part of Jiangsu Province energy consumption carbon footprint is coal, and coal was in a more dominant position, the second was oil, natural gas at least, but after 2005, natural gas was in the dominant position, the second was coal, oil at least. Among the factors that affect energy consumption carbon footprint, economic growth is the most important. Economic growth is energy-based, and the former and the latter show a relative decoupling and re-hook fluctuations in the state.
Environmental Evaluation System Designed for Tourist Attractions
Authors: Liu Yu Mei , Dong Yu Dan , Wu Jing
Published: June 2014

Travel and Tourism Scenic Area as a sensitive, vulnerable to a variety of external factors influence and interference. Thesis, the tourist attractions environmental assessment method proposed some tourist attractions environmental factors, and to establish the corresponding mathematical models, numerical simulation results of the analysis of mathematical models of specific environmental assessment method for tourism, study results showed that tourist attractions environmental evaluation system can effectively predict tourist attractions environmental carrying capacity, environmental trends, which can effectively play a role in early warning for area management.
The Sustainability of Ecological Compensation in Inner Mongolia-Regional Management Based on Regional Characteristics
Authors: Yang Yan Xia , Chang I Shin , Qiao Hui Min
Published: June 2014

Under the situation of the ecological environment damage, the ecological compensation is becoming one of the focal points of the society in China. In responding to the decision of the Central Government positively, all provinces and municipalities have carried out a variety of plots of ecological compensation, in addition to large-scale ecological engineering projects implemented by the Central Government, including Three-North projects, Natural forest protection, Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources governance, and Returning farmland to forest/grassland which came into effective since the late 1990s, gradually. Through the analysis on those large-scale ecological engineering projects located in Inner Mongolia, this study summarized the progress and development of afforestation and the existing problems. In addition, through regional management scheme based on regional characteristics, the sustainability of ecological compensation in Inner Mongolia was assessed.
Toward the Development of Ecotourism Attitudes among Residents of Wutai Township Following Typhoon Morakot
Authors: Gau Hwa Sheng , Taiban Sasala , Chung Chung Yi , Huang Ting Lun , Liao Shao Wei , Lai Wen Liang
Published: June 2014

This study uses a questionnaire survey method to assess attitudes toward the development of ecotourism among residents of Wutai Township following Typhoon Morakot. The results show that residents held positive attitudes toward the promotion of ecotourism. Factors influencing the promotion of ecotourism are tourism service, community development, cultural continuity, and environmental conservation factor. Based on potential differences due to sex, age, and level of education, the results show that aside from significant variations on environmental conservation factors, the remaining factors did not show any significant variations. For the environmental conservation factors, the group of 31-40 year old was more likely to have positive attitudes than other age groups.
The Role of Nano Ceramic Materials with High Specific Surface in Environment Protection
Authors: Zhang Ning , Yang Fei Yi , Zhang Tong , Kan Hong Min , Wang Xiao Yang , Long Hai Bo
Published: June 2014

This paper summarizes the application of hollow nanosphere ceramic materials and porous ceramic materials in environmental protection due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. nanoceramic materials with high specific surface materials contain two kinds of hollow nanosphere ceramic materials and porous ceramic materials from the perspective of structure. Their characteristics are of large specific surface material, high adsorption and desorption speed and large adsorptive capacity. Therefore, nanoceramic materials with high specific surface materials are widely applied in water pollution control, air pollution control, the treatment of drinking water and industrial wastewater.
Analysis on Factors Affecting the Air Quality in Beijing City Based on Grey Relation Theory
Authors: Tao Ai Xiang
Published: June 2014

with the sustainable development of our economy and the increase of people's living standards, China's air quality has deteriorated sharply. It is important to study the factors affecting the air quality. The study can help to reduce the pollution of the environment and promote the coordinated development of economy and environment. Using the grey correlation theory,this paper analyzed the factors influencing air quality in Beijing city. Results show that, in accordance with the influence factors for air quality from big to small order, influence factors are as follows: energy consumption quantity, the number of resident population, GDP, investment in science and technology, investment in environment protection. Therefore , we need to focus on energy consumption reduction and population control to increase the air quality in Beijing City.
Analysis on the Spatio-Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Atmospheric Dustfall in Jinan City
Authors: Zhao Fen , Xu Li Rong
Published: June 2014

The data of 116 atmospheric dust monitoring points in Jinan from 2009 to 2012 were analyzed. The average annual atmospheric dustfall was maintained at 10.47 to 14.34 t•km-2•month-1, and the change was less than 15.14%. Within one year, the atmospheric dustfall was mainly concentrated in the spring season (March to May), accounting for 27.72% to 33.44% of the annual dustfall. The lowest dustfall was concentrated in September to November. The dustfall in Jinan City was generally in a decreasing trend. The dustfall of each district is different from one another, the arrangement of 6 districts in Jinan is Huaiyin> Tianqiao> Shizhong> Licheng> Lixia>Changqing. Special meteorological and ecological environment are the mainly factors to influence temporal and spatial distribution of the dustfall in Jinan.
Development and Management of Tourism Resources in Zhejiang Province from the Perspective of Sustainable Development
Authors: Sha Shao Ju
Published: June 2014

Zhejiang province owns abundant tourism resources which help make it one of China’s most developed provinces in tourism. However, many tourism resources are partly or completely destroyed due to aimless development and utilization. It is suggested in this paper that the quality of tourism activity be promoted, scientific estimation system for bearing capacity be established, the order of nature and pristine state of tourism resources be attached more importance than economic development so that the sustainable development of tourism resource and tourism economy can be guaranteed.
Chromium Removal from Aqueous Solution by Microwave-Modified Phosphogypusum
Authors: Ning Ping , Shi Lei , Yang Yue Hong , Cheng Yang
Published: June 2014

The removal of chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solution by microwave-modified phosphogypsum was studied. The removal capacity of microwave-modified phosphogypsum for chromium (VI) ions was examined as a function of solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage. Before a series of the adsorption studies, phosphogypsum was pre-conditioned with microwave. It was observed that the adsorption of the chromium (VI) ions onto the phosphogypsum in the pH range of 2 and 11. The chromium (VI) adsorption process was described with the Langmuir and Freundlich theories, and the Freundlich model indicated the best fit to the adsorption process. Maximum adsorption capacity of microwave-modified phosphogypsum was found to be 3.126 mg g−1. The results proved that the microwave-modified phoshogypsum is a suitable adsorbent for the removal of chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solution.
Analysis of Uncertainties Affecting Numerical Transport Models for a Potential Radioactive Waste Disposal Site
Authors: Ma Hai  Yi , Yi Shu Ping , Ren Guo Cheng , Hu Xue Ling
Published: June 2014

Numerical models have been commonly used to study solute transport behaviours both in laboratory-and field-scale cases. However, numerical interpretation and predictions of solute transport are complicated by various uncertainties and therefore can be misleading and lead to incorrect understanding of solute transport behaviours in hydrogeological systems. Such uncertainties have been discussed with a case study of radionuclides transport at a potential site for disposal of Low-and Intermediate-Level radioactive Wastes (LILW) in southern China. Firstly, pre-modelling assumptions cause uncertainties for model performance and have a significant influence on the model output. Therefore, such assumptions and related factors should be thoroughly considered and minimized in laboratory experiments or investigated in the field. Secondly, difference in the calculated plumes caused by uncertainties in the development of conceptual models suggests that the hydrogeological conceptual model should be developed based on intrinsic understanding of the transport problems and relevant data collection. Thirdly, relative sensitivity (RS) has been calculated to analyse the parameter uncertainties. Results indicate that the uncertainties are tracer-, parameter-and time-dependent. Therefore, model uncertainties arising from parameters should be considered for each specific parameter with the specific period. Finally, prediction scenarios are associated with uncertainties in the model prediction stage. Results suggest that the uncertainties in scenarios of future transport conditions should be recognized prior to model prediction. This study illustrates some of the uncertainties that might affect numerical transport models and therefore will be a useful reference for application of solute transport models to assessment of contamination risks from a LILW disposal site.
Assessment of the Risk of Debris Flows in Zhouqu County, South Gansu Province, China
Authors: Shu He Ping , Wang Gang , Zhang Peng , Ma Jin Zhu
Published: June 2014

The hazards of debris flows and the vulnerability to these flows were used as a basis for risk assessment in Zhouqu County, southern Gansu Province, China. The GIS software was used to perform a regional risk assessment for each township in Zhouqu County with a 250 m×250 m spatial resolution. The vulnerability of the population, the economy, and the ecological environment were accounted to develop a comprehensive vulnerability index for each township. A risk assessment model was used to develop a risk zoning map for Zhouqu County. It is found that the areas with the highest risk were mainly distributed in Chengguan, Dongshan, Jiangpan, Dachuan, and Guoye townships. Based on the results of the study, the recommendations for disaster prevention and mitigation were proposed.
Characteristic and Analystic Framework of Vulnerability of Social Ecological System of Lake Basin
Authors: Yu Zhong Yuan
Published: June 2014

This paper elaborates the structure succession, hierarchical charicteristic and function of lake basin social ecological system (SES),combining “Pressure-State-Response”(PSR) with “Exposure-Resilience-Adaptability” model,based on “Analytic Hierarchy Process” (AHP) for driver analysis, from risk (pressure), sensitivity, adaptability builds the analytical framwork of social ecological system vulnerability. The results show that lake basin social ecological system is a complicated giant system, which contains several subsystem and there exists the cross-scale association in structure and process among systems with different scales .The structure of lake basinis in constant succession, and different stage of which has different function structure and cross-scale interaction. Resilience, adaptability, transformability of lake basin social ecological system are the result of the interaction of pressure on the system and their sensitivity to it. The evaluation index system could consist of three element layers: risk (pressure), sensitivity, adaptability, the interaction among whch decide the vulnerabilities of the whole social and ecological system.
Environment Impact Assessment on Hill Bay Spring Home Construction in Hainan Province
Authors: Yang Jian She , Huang Hai Li
Published: June 2014

The environment impact assessment on Hill Bay Spring Home construction in Hainan Province was carried out in the paper, by using a method of combination of site investigation and laboratory analysis. According to its characteristics, the development project type and construction has been described and the operation period made the possible impact on the environment was discussed, focusing on analysis of construction noise, the situation of wastewater pollution at the runtime and reduce the adverse impact of the program, Hill Bay Spring home for the project was proposed to meet a number of specific measures for human habitation.
Environmental Impact Assessment on the Project of Aulidan Lubricating Oil Plant in Jieyang
Authors: Yang Jian She , Liu Zhen Ni
Published: June 2014

Environment impact assessment has been done in the paper by using the method of investigation on spot and indoor analysis, in order to study and affect on Aolidan lubricating oil factory projects construction to Jieyang city. Once putting into production ,this project may have detrimental influence on the local environment such as: Guangdong Oita Industry Co. Ltd. in Jiedong Economic Development Zone, the middle of the south side of the new cross road of lube oil blending plant, covers an area of 33000 square meters, of which construction area of 22000 square meters.After the completion of the project, with annual 17482.99 tons of base oil, additives, 2000 tons, 400 tons and 200 tons of emulsifier, assistant, production of finished oil 20000 tons. During the construction period and the operation of the plant, the waste gas, sewage, noise impact on the surrounding environment, should be controlled by counter water pollution , air pollution, noise pollution and solid waste emissions scheme and measures, in order to follow the national and local regulations.
Environmental Impact Study on the Residual Chlorine Diffusion during the Intake-Outlet Project of LNG Wharf
Authors: Yao Shan Shan , Zhao Hong Bo
Published: June 2014

Taking the intake-outlet project of Zhoushan LNG wharf as background, using a 2-D numerical model to simulate the tidal current field around the project, then predict the residual chlorine concentration distribution based on advection-diffusion equation, after calculate the residual chlorine diffusion scope, environmental impact caused by the intake-oulet project was analyzed, especially the impact on the reserve areas nearby. Research results show that: the influence aboved is very little, residual chlorine diffusion mainly concentrated around the outlet, the diffusion area with residual chlorine concentration more than 0.02mg/l and more than 0.1mg/l are respectively less than 0.2 km2 and 0.05km2, although it does have a little influence to the border area of the East China Sea Hairtail Reserve during Case B, but the residual chlorine concentration is less than 0.03mg/l, and the influence distance is only within 50m.
An Experimental Study of the Silver-Loading Diatomite on the Water Disinfection
Authors: Hu Fen E , Wang Huiping , Shi You Ming
Published: June 2014

The silver-loading diatomite prepared by the vacuum heating decomposition method was applied to the water disinfection. The inactivation effects of the silver-loading diatomite on the Escherichia coli (E. coli) in water were investigated. The effects of temperature and pH value on the bactericidal activity of the silver-loading diatomite against E. coli were investigated. The concentration of Ag+ in water samples was tested for safety. The results show that the silver-loading diatomite with the silver content of 1.46% can kill E. coli in experiment water in 30 minutes. The higher the temperature and the greater the PH value of the water samples, the stronger the antibacterial properties of the silver-loading diatomite. The concentration of Ag+ is less than 50ug/L in the disinfected and treated water samples. The silver-loading diatomite is a safe, effective antibacterial material.
Methods of Determining the Atmosphere Environment Impact Factors of Natural Draft Cooling Towers
Authors: Li Yang , Hui Zhao
Published: June 2014

The ISC SCREEN3 recommend by the existing guidelines cannot support the atmospheric dispersion modeling of the cooling tower discharge, causing the big difference between the current the atmosphere evaluation class and scope for the project of integrated chimney and cooling tower and the actual environmental impact.In this paper, the model austal2000 which is recommended by VDI3784 standard of the clean air standards established in German is used to calculate the ground concentrations of pollutants discharged by cooling towers, and accounting atmospheric environmental impact assessment class and scope of the unity project of smoke and tower according to the specifications of air guidelines reference. The results show that the most of the smoke and tower integration projects' evaluation level should be 2 and the evaluation radius should be more than 15 km, for the projects with emission of larger pollutants, the evaluation level may reach level 1.
Research of Poyang Lake Conservancy Project Hub Influence to Iron and Manganese of Groundwater
Authors: Lan Ying Ying
Published: June 2014

The problem of iron and manganese in Poyang Lake groundwater is serious. The proposed Poyang Lake water conservancy hub project may influence to iron and manganese of groundwater. These means historical data, field survey, statistical analysis, numerical simulation and so on were adapt, and Gan River Delta was selected as typical research area to aim at Poyang Lake water conservancy hub project influence to iron and manganese of groundwater. A numerical model of flow and transport on the basis of regional hydrogeological condition and 83 borehole data was developed to evaluate the influence. The boundary conditions were determine on the basis of regional geological and hydrogeological data, dynamic relationship between groundwater and river, regional digital elevation model, the history of formation and evolution of Poyang Lake. Then the model was used to simulate the project impact to iron and manganese of groundwater in spatial and temporal trends under conditions of long-running according to the recommend dispatch program of Poyang Lake water conservancy hub project. The result was that the concentration of iron and manganese in groundwater heightened a little and the potential environmental problems were unlikely.
Brief Analysis of the Technical Points about the Tailings Pond Environmental Impact Assessment
Authors: Chen Hui Lun
Published: June 2014

In recent years, mine tailings dam incidents occur frequently all over China, causing serious loss of life and property as well as posing a serious threat to environmental safety. Tailings pond as the most important part of mineral areas, the environmental impact assessment (EIA) of which is the emphasis and difficulty of mine areas EIA. Relevant authorities of China have paid great attention to the life cycle of tailings pond, environmental impact assessment also calls for special attention. In the view of the fact that separate tailings pond EIA is rare, generally including in the mining and processing project EIA, this paper started from survey and design time, construction period, operation period and closure period over the life cycle of the tailings pond, and then discussed the technical points of the main environmental impact relative to the corresponding period. The environmental protection measures and risk prevention measures were also put forward.
Climate Extreme Risk Assessment of Coastal Cities in China
Authors: Li Wen Chao , Bai Hong Tao , Xu He
Published: June 2014

Climate extremes have become one of the most serious global issues with a significant negative impact on society, economy and environment. The alarming trend of intensity and frequency of climate extremes raises the concern of the public. Coastal cities addressing in the vulnerable areas which influenced by the interactions between the land and the sea, suffer a larger loss because of the concentrated exposure of population and wealth. This paper contributed to proposing a mechanism in which shows how climate extremes influence the environmental system. Through the aspects of severity, exposure and vulnerability, the formation of disaster risk is interpreted. Finally, an indicator system of climate extreme risk assessment is systematically fixed in allusion to coastal cities.
Effect of Discharged Brine on the Marine Ecological Environment
Authors: Gao Chun Juan , Zhang Yan An , Wang Liang , Zhang Qi , Huang Xi Ping
Published: June 2014

This paper briefly introduced the composition and properties of brine from seawater desalination plant and mainly reviewed the effect of discharged brine on the marine ecological environment. Then we analyzed the effect of salinity and temperature of brine on plankton, benthos, fish and seagrass. A quantity of discharged brine will cause marine water quality deterioration, make the economic marine species decrease, resulting in the loss of fishery resources and marine economy. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the study and monitoring of marine ecological environment, for maximize reducing the negative influence of discharged brine on the marine environment.
Managing the Risk of Extreme Events on the Coastal Chemical Industry Park: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Shi Ming Min , Wu Jing , Zhou Yu , Yilihamu Qimaguli
Published: June 2014

The integration of risk management and climate change adaptation has become an urgent task in addressing increasing disaster risk especially the risk of Coastal Chemical industry more effectively and efficiently. This paper briefly reviews the development and major achievements of extreme disaster risk management, and the evaluation methods of current regional industrial park, presented the iusse of improving the new industrial park safety management system in the context of climate change is pressing and necessary. Finally the problems and blank area exist in current research field, as well as the future research trends and directions were put forward.
The Environmental Risk Assessment for Terminals of Dangerous Bulk Liquid Cargoes
Authors: Jin Yue Bo
Published: June 2014

Complying to the characteristics of terminals fordangerous bulk liquid cargoes and combined with the risk guidelines requirements, to conduct risk identification in the whole operations process covering risk items and common accident analysis, and propose risk assessment work ratings, accident hazard prediction, risk prevention measures and emergency plans for accidents of fire, spill, gaseous and liquid chemical leakage.
Message Mapping for Abrupt Trans-Boundary Environmental Risk Communication in River Basin
Authors: Ran Meng , Guo Liang , Li Jia Hui , Jiang Ji Ping , Liu Jie , Wang Peng
Published: June 2014

Message mapping is useful for communications which should be easy to understand and reflect the concerns of stakeholders when abrupt trans-boundary environmental pollution occurs in river basin. This paper describes the process undertaken to develop the message maps, and lessons learned thus far. The working group developed a message map for one part of east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (from Yangtze River to Hongze Lake).The message map can help give clear and concise information for stakeholders communication in a crisis where emotions are high, and provides information support for information map visualization in the near future.
The Evaluation and Demonstration of Recycling Economy Development Based on the Combination of Entropy Weight and AHP
Authors: Zhao Meng , Lu Wen Ran
Published: June 2014

Screening four subsystems specific indicators of recycling economy development: economy, environment, society and resources, using frequency statistics analysis and expert investigation method, to establish the evaluation index system of recycling economy. Weighting by means of entropy and AHP, and taking Hebei as an example to analyze, the results of the study shows that overall development of Hebei recycling economy shows ascendant trend between 2004 and 2010. The development of each subsystem has an unstable upward trend, unstable factors are: energy comprehensive utilization rate, industrial wastewater emissions and fixed assets investment etc.
The Land Use Sustainability in Xining which Based on Ecological Footprint Model
Authors: Li Cheng Ying , Gong Zhi Qi , Ding Rui , Li Ying , Chen Bo Kun
Published: June 2014

Based on ecological footprint model, this paper calculated the ecological footprint and the ecological carrying capacity and ecological surplus of 2000 ~ 2012 years in Xining,the results showed that the current land use in Xining City is the absolute ecological deficit,which indicate that the land development in Xining is being away from the sustainability .
Research on Environmental Risk Assessment of Contaminated Sites Reuse
Authors: Sheng Li Wei , Feng Yu Zhao , Yu Hai Bo , Sun Rong Ji , Li Peng Fei , Zhang Heng
Published: June 2014

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in China, many of industrial enterprises have relocated from the original sites, which have produced a large number of contaminated sites. The environmental risk assessment and management must be carried out imminently. This paper analyzes the removal of contaminated sites happened in China currently, and through combing the contaminated sites features and aspects of human health pathways, analyzed environmental risks of contaminated sites recycling. As for the health risk assessment, we focus on data collection, toxicity assessment, exposure assessment and risk characterization. The paper also describes the regulations and technical standards of contaminated sites risk assessment, which is used in our country currently. Finally the paper summarizes the problems and gives suggestions for the risk assessment research of contaminated sites.
An Assessment of Supercritical Hydrothermal Combustion (SCHC) for Organic Wastes Destruction
Authors: Li Yan Hui , Wang Shu Zhong , Qian Li Li , Wen Sheng
Published: June 2014

The supercritical hydrothermal combustion (SCHC) accompanied by visible hydrothermal flame in supercritical water completely differs from conventional combustion, which represents more prominent comprehensive technical advantages in organic wastes destruction, comparing with wet-air oxidation, incineration and flameless SCWO. This paper reviews the existing SCHC reactors, which can be used for studying the ignition and extinction characteristics of various fuels, and also shows their effectiveness for the pollutant disposal and potential optimization directions. To date, the ignition and extinction temperatures of isopropyl alcohol, methanol and ethanol have been investigated broadly, however it is still necessary to further explore the ignition mechanism from micro perspective and build up proper ignition criterion models for hydrothermal flame. In addition, further research on the migration and conversion rules of various recalcitrant compounds such as phenol, ammonia, and so on during SCHC process is also of great significance.