Diabetes Mellitus as a Cause of Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review
Authors:   University of the Joinville Region - Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Lopes Cristianne Confessor Castilho , Azzini Vitor Ohana Marques ,   State University of Rio de Janeiro - Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Lopes Eduardo Barbosa ,   Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Lopes Lucas Castilho ,   Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Lopes Maria Eduarda Castilho ,   Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Quintino Vinicius ,   Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Weber Clodoaldo Luiz ,   Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Silveira Tiago Taison ,   Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University - Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Veloso Ana Larissa Lima ,   University of the Pacific – Asuncion – Paraguay, Guimarães Larissa Silva ,   Belo Horizonte University Center - Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Ifarraguirre Letiane Montagner ,   University of Passo Fundo - Fundo Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Mann Keith Amanda ,   University of Passo Fundo - Fundo Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Lima Patricia Cota ,   Federal University of Rio Grande - Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Vanuzzi Fabio Kopp ,   Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Dias Tulio Gamio ,   University of São Paulo - São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Pitanga Fabio Herget ,   Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University -Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone condition characterized by decreased bone mineral density and deterioration of the microarchitecture of bone tissue, resulting in fragile bones susceptible to fractures. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion or action. Objective: To systematize and analyze the available evidence on the relationship between diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis, exploring the biological mechanisms, clinical impacts and possible management strategies. Methods: This study constitutes a systematic review, classified as exploratory and descriptive. The research was developed through bibliographic research in electronic databases on methods associated with SLR (Systematic Literature Review) and SMARTER (Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique using Exploiting Rankings) applications. Results: A comprehensive systematic search of the literature yielded a total of 4.490 articles on diabetes mellitus as a cause of osteoporosis, of which 36 articles were eligible to be included in this systematic review. Conclusion: The challenges observed in the research, such as the difficulty in establishing causal relationships and the presence of confounding factors, indicate the need for more robust and diversified studies. Randomized clinical trials and longitudinal studies will be essential to better understand the relationship between diabetes and osteoporosis, especially with regard to the applicability of therapeutic interventions in different populations.