bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pengetahuan Remaja Putri tentang Dismenorhea
Authors: Yanuarti Tuty , Sukmawati
Published: September 2024

Dismenore adalah keluhan nyeri yang berasal dari perut bagian bawah dan pada saat menstruasi nyeri tersebut terasa sekitar 2 atau 3 tahun setelah menarche. Angka kejadian dismenore berkisar antara 45% sampai 75% dari seluruh remaja pubertas dan hal ini menyebabkan ketidakhadiran di sekolah atau lingkungan kerja. Status gizi dan asupan vitamin dan mineral pada remaja perlu diperhatikan karena dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya keluhan pada saat menstruasi yang disebut dengan dismenore. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat dari sudut pandang konsumsi vitamin dan mineral, serta status gizi dan kejadian dismenore pada remaja SMP Shafiyyatul amaliyyah tahun 2015. Jenis penelitian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa SMP Syafiyyatul Amaliyyah yang berjumlah 133 siswa. Sampel diambil sebanyak 44 siswa dengan teknik acak sederhana. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan food recall form 24 berupa frekuensi makan, penimbangan berat badan dan pengukuran tinggi badan. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa kejadian dismenore yang paling banyak dikeluhkan remaja berada pada tingkat sedang yaitu sebanyak 21 orang (47,7%). Asupan vitamin B6 kurang pada remaja sebesar 47,1% dengan keluhan nyeri sedang. Asupan vitamin E lebih sedikit pada seluruh remaja dimana 47,7% diantaranya mengalami nyeri sedang. Asupan kalsium kurang berjumlah 50,0% responden dengan keluhan nyeri sedang. Asupan zinc kurang sebanyak 47,5% responden mengeluh nyeri ringan. Remaja berstatus gizi normal sebesar 50,0% mempunyai keluhan nyeri ringan.
Remaja SMP Shafiyyatul amaliyyah disarankan untuk rutin mengonsumsi makanan sumber vitamin dan mineral yang tinggi, terutama makanan yang mengandung vitamin B6, vitamin E, kalsium dan zinc.
Cats in Cubes
Authors: Kravitz Noah , Alon Noga
Published: September 2024

Answering a recent question of Patchell and Spiro, we show that when a $d$-dimensional cube of side length $n$ is filled with letters, the word $\mathsf{CAT}$ can appear contiguously at most $(3^{d-1}/2)n^d$ times (allowing diagonals); we also characterize when equality occurs and extend our results to words other than $\mathsf{CAT}$.
Hafızanın Tarihi Katmanları: Çerçeve İçinde Galataport
Authors: Karabağ Çiğdem , Birer Emel
Published: September 2024

Tarihyazımsal boyuttaki coğrafi “yer” ve mekân ilişkileri, toplumsal hafızanın mayalandığı yerlerdir. Toplumsal hafızanın nasıl oluştu(ruldu)ğunu, bugün gelinen yerden anlamak oldukça güçtür. Pierre Nora’nın “Artık hafıza yok” (2022:19) aforizması, tarihin hafızanın yerine geçmesi, hafızanın da tarih olarak hatırlanmasıyla ifadeyi güçlendirir. Tarih ile yeni hafıza arasındaki zaman boşlukları ile kurulan kolektif bellekler, uzun zamanda toplumsal hafızayı meydana getirir. Bu bağlam ile çalışmanın amacı, İstanbul Galataport/Karaköy-Galata Limanı’nın tarih/kalıntı ve yeni hafızasının kronolojik haritasını çıkarmak ve, “yer”de yaşanan mesafeler üzerinden toplumsal hafızanın önemli kırılma noktalarını bulmaktır. Bu kırılmalar “yer” ile mekânlar arasındaki “mesafe” boşluğunun getirdiği ve toplumsal belleğin inşa edildiği noktalardır. Yerin toplumsal hafızada tarih ile mi, yeni hafızayla mı, mesafe kesitinde mi sürdürülebilirliğini/sürdürülemezliğini devam ettirdiği sorusu çalışmanın çıkış noktasıdır. Çalışma, “tarih/kalıntı” ve “yeni hafıza” kavramları ile alınan tarihi kronolojik kesitlerin sonucu ulaşılan “mesafe” ile ortaya çıkan çerçeveler, toplumsal hafızanın kırılma noktalarını verir” hipotezine dayandırılmıştır. Çalışmanın yöntemi iki aşamalı olup birinci aşamasında, tümdengelim keşfedici örnek olay araştırması, ikinci aşamasında görsel etnografya yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bulgularda, yeni hafızası ile Galataport olarak adlandırılan tarihi Karaköy-Galata Limanı’nın, tarih ve yeni hafıza ile oluşan mesafelerin “yer”e bağlamsal olarak bir değişiklik sağlamadığı gibi, her dönemde mesafe çerçevesi daha da büyüyerek, tarihin bu çerçevede bir alt küme elemanı haline geldiği görülmüştür.
Angle Measurement of The Design of The Servo Motor-Based Solar Cell Drive Using MMA8451 Sensor And Protactor
Authors: Rafly Muhammad , Iriawan Endang , Rayhana Elda
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Solar cell is a potential new electrical energy developed in our country, but the current optimization is not optimal, one of which is due to static installation. In this study, a servo motor was used to drive the solar cell based on the angle of the sun, the ESP32 microcontroller as the control brain, and the GY-45 MMA8451 accelerometer sensor and the protractor as the angle meter of the solar cell holder. From the measurement results, it is found that the angle value of the servo motor with a protractor is not the same, there is a difference in numbers from 5° to 20°, while the angle value of the GY-45 MMA8451 fluctuates and varies. From the research results, it is necessary to calibrate the code on the Arduino with the actual angle and the GY-45 MMA8451 sensor is generally very sensitive and susceptible to vibration.
Keywords: Servo motor, Protractor, accelerometer sensor GY-45 MMA8451
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Brotowali (Tinospora Cordifolia (Willd.) Miers Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus dan Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Authors: Herdini Herdini , Bahri Saiful Bahri , Natasya Yosifah
Published: September 2024

Penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri sering dilaporkan di Indonesia, untuk mengobati penyakit tersebut dengan memanfaatkan pengobatan tradisional menggunakan bahan alam. Salah satu bahan alam yang digunakan adalah brotowali, secara empiris telah diketahui memiliki khasiat sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dengan perbedaan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun brotowali (Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan yaitu maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi cakram. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan DMSO 30% sebagai kontrol negatif tidak menunjukkan daya hambat di sekitar kertas cakram. Siprofloksasin sebagai kontrol positif memiliki diameter daya hambat yang paling besar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak pada konsentrasi 40%, 60%, 80% dan 100% dihasilkan diameter daya hambat pada Staphylococcus aureus sebesar 9,89 mm; 10,44 mm; 11,05 mm; 12,17 mm dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa adalah 7,91 mm; 8,12 mm; 8,75 mm; 9,47 mm. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa setiap seri konsentrasi ekstrak daun brotowali memiliki aktivitas anti bakteri dengan kategori daya hambat sedang terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan lemah terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nilai konsentrasi hambat minimum ekstrak etanol daun brotowali ada pada konsentrasi 40%.  Nilai konsentrasi ini menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan terhadap uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak n-heksana batang brotowali terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans dan Vibrio sp terbukti memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Terbukti krim ekstrak batang brotowali dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kasar daun brotowali memberikan efek bakteriostatik yang cukup signifikan terhadap bakteri Vibrio harvey secara in vitro.
Kata Kunci: Antibakteri, ekstrak daun brotowali, difusi cakram, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Authors: - -
Published: September 2024

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Long-term efficacy of mepolizumab on eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Matsuyama Takahiro , Matsuyama Hiromi , Dotake Yoichi , Oniwa Masashi , Tsuruzono Kentaro , Uchida Hiroko , Yasuda Shunsuke , Kondo Kiyotaka , Takagi Koichi , Suetsugu Takayuki , Iwakawa Jun , Machida Kentaro , Mizuno Keiko , Tanaka Kentaro , Inoue Hiromasa
Published: September 2024

Aim: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a vasculitis characterized by eosinophilic inflammation. Patients with EGPA are treated with systemic glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs to induce and maintain remission. However, most patients relapse after tapering glucocorticoids, and there are refractory cases with inadequate response to glucocorticoids. Mepolizumab, a humanized anti-IL-5 antibody, is approved for relapsing or refractory EGPA. Furthermore, recent studies have reported the efficacy of benralizumab, a humanized anti-IL-5 receptor α antibody, in EGPA. Here, we investigate the efficacy of biologics on consecutive cases of EGPA.
Methods: We retrospectively collected patients with EGPA treated with mepolizumab in addition to glucocorticoids at the Department of Pulmonary Medicine in Kagoshima University Hospital and Imakiire General Hospital. In this study, we compared the effects of biologics on inflammatory parameters between pre- and post-treatment of biologics in patients with EGPA.
Results: Ten patients were included in the study. All patients were treated with mepolizumab, and one was switched to benralizumab later. Treatment with biologics markedly reduced EGPA relapse from 70% (pre-treatment) to 20% (post-treatment), Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score from 8.4 to 4.0, peripheral blood eosinophil counts from 470.3 /µL to 40.5 /µL, and glucocorticoid doses from 7.3 mg/dL to 1.6 mg/dL. In contrast, lung function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels were not affected by treatment with biologics. Furthermore, the duration of biologics was positively correlated with symptom improvement.
Conclusions: Treatment with mepolizumab for EGPA was effective in glucocorticoid sparing, symptom reduction, and relapse prevention. Mepolizumab is expected to reduce the risk of glucocorticoid-related adverse events. Therefore, continued administration as well as early intervention with mepolizumab for EGPA might be important to conserve future medical resources and control the disease.
Assessing Mental Well-being among Adolescents in Vellore District
Authors: Isaac Newton  , Kalpana Kosalram
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background & Objectives:
 In today’s world, many adolescents face many problems due to social media distractions, one of the most important problem is mental health and its related problems. India has adolescents, a quarter of the total population and only a few studies were done on mental well-being among adolescents studying in government and private schools. The objectives of the study were to assess mental well-being among adolescents and to find out the association between mental well-being with selected sociodemographic variables.
Methodology:
This was a cross-sectional self-administered questionnaire based study. A convenient sampling method was used. Totally 184 male and female adolescents studying 9th to 12th standards from rural areas of government and private school students had voluntarily participated. To assess the mental well-being among adolescents Warwick Mental Well-being scale was used. All the collected data were cleaned, coded, and entered in MS Excel version 2007. Frequencies, Chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test were analyzed by using SPSS software version 22.0.
Results and Conclusion:
The results were found that 59 % of adolescents were studying in a government school and 41% were studying in a private school. There was an association between mental well-being and the mother’s education, siblings, staying, domicile and extracurricular activities (p<0.05). This research study showed that the majority of the adolescents were having average level of mental well-being in the Vellore district of Tamil Nadu.
A Study On Cardiovascular Risk And Lifestyle Behaviors Among Teaching Doctors Of Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh.
Authors: Pamidi Spandana , Naidana Parthasarathy , Kolli Bhaskari
Published: September 2024

Context: Globally, around 17.9 million people annually die due to CVDs, followed by cancers (9.3 million), respiratory diseases (4.1 million), and diabetes (2 million). The cause of heart attacks and strokes are due to combination of risk factors- tobacco use, unhealthy diet, obesity, physical inactivity, alcohol use, hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia. Most cardiovascular diseases can be prevented by addressing these behavioural risk factors.
 
Objectives:
1) To know the life style approach of doctors working in various departments in the institute.
2) To assess cardiovascular risk behavior of these subjects and to make them alert in preserving their health.
Methods and Material: A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst teaching staff of Government Medical College & General Hospital, Ongole, Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh during the period of August to October 2023. All the teaching staff of Government Medical College, Ongole who were willing to participate in the study were included in this study by purposive sampling method. Total number of staff who was more than 30 years of age was 109. The study was performed 91 teaching staff as 18 denied participation). A pre – designed, pretested, semi structured questionnaire was used for collecting details on socio-demographic profile, lifestyle related details like diet and physical  activity, habits and existing co-morbidities. Statistical analysis was done by using appropriate statistical test like mean, percentage, standard deviation, student’s t test and chi square test.
 
Results: Majority participants were female 50 (54.9%). The mean age of mean age of female was 37.4 ± 10.22 and male was 42.61 ± 9.54 years. The mean weight (78.90 ± 10.81) and Mean BMI (28.22±4.24) were above the normal range among the male participants. History of hypertension was more common in the 45-54 age group which signifies that age is one of the most important risk factor. History of diabetes mellitus was more in the 45-54 age group followed by 35-44 age group. In the 35-44 age group the high prevalence of diabetes is due to family history of diabetes.
Conclusions: This study showed a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and signifies the importance of health awareness among the staff members regarding the various cardiovascular risk factors.
Prevalence of Non-Communicable disease in Geriatrics population of Kalaburagi District: A Cross-sectional Study in Urban Field Practice Area.
Authors: Telkar Aditya , S R Nigudgi  , Reddy Shrinivas
Published: September 2024

Context/Background:
Worldwide total population of geriatric was 703 million (9%) in year 2019 according to United Nation report. The geriatric population is estimated to increase to 198 million by 2030 in India. With advancing years, the incidence of communicable and non-communicable disease (NCD) increases. Most of the available studies on morbidity in India are disease specific and fail to provide comprehensive knowledge about NCD.
Aims/Objectives:

To estimate prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) in elderly.
To assess the risk factor associated with non-communicable disease.

Methodology:
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among geriatric people in urban areas of Kalaburagi district, Karnataka. Study participants consisted of age ≥60 years were comprised in the study and a sample size of 185 was calculated.
Pre-designed, pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on risk factor and morbidity status of study participants.
Data was computed in excel sheets Microsoft 2013 and using SPSS version 25.0 for utilizing appropriate statistical method to calculate frequency and percentage.
Results:
Hypertension is the most prevalent morbidity NCD in the urban elderly population 26.49% of Kalaburagi CHC Rajapur. Then followed by diabetes 7.57% and myocardial infraction 1.62%. Chewing and Smoking tobacco found to be having significant association in disease causation in elderly population.
Conclusions:
Prevalence of NCD like Hypertension, Diabetes, MI etc can be prevented by reduction of the high-risk factor such as Life style changes, Diet Modification, Changing Habits of alcohol and tobacco.
Perception Regarding COVID 19 Vaccine And Survey Of Symptoms Following COVID-19 Vaccination In Hapur District Of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Shazia Shafi  , Abhishek Mahajan  , Amal Titto V.Augustine
Published: September 2024

Background: COVID-19 vaccines have been rolled out recently in several parts of the world. Although the protective efficacy is frequently discussed, little is known about the real-world post-vaccination experience outside of clinical trial conditions. Knowledge about what to expect after vaccination will help educate the public, dispel misinformation and reduce vaccine hesitancy
 
Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and all individuals who received COVID 19 vaccine at COVID 19 VACCINATION OPD at G S Medical college and Hospital at Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, after 20th may 2021 were included in the study.
 
Conclusion: It was observed that among the total participants majority (73.2%, 309) showed symptoms following COVID 19 vaccination. About (64.7%, 273) of the participants suffered from fever, (12.1%, 51) experienced joint pain followed by (9%, 38) chills and (5.7%, 24) myalgia. About (80.8%, 164) of study participants among the age group of 20-29 years followed by (81.6%, 62) of the study participants among the age group < 20 years observed post vaccination symptoms and this association was found to be statistically significant.
A Study of Serumalt, Ast And Ggt (Hepatic Markers) In Patients With Chronic Alcoholic Liver Diseases In Tertiary Level Care Hospital
Authors: Rahima Malek  , Sohil Mansuri  , Rizwan N Ansari  , Shagufa M Pathan
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Excessive alcohol consumption and consequent medical disorders are considerable problems in many countries. Aminotransferases (alanine aminotransferase ALT and aspartate aminotransferase AST) are the liver enzymes commonly used for detecting excessive drinking. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a membrane-bound glycoprotein enzyme widely used as an index of excessive ethanol intake. The aim of this study is to determine the changes in levels of ALT,AST and GGT in chronic alcoholic liver diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done and included 100 individuals (50 chronic alcoholic liver diseases cases and 50 normal controls). Serum ALT, AST, GGT were estimated by colorimetric method on fully automated chemistry analyzer.
RESULT: Data were fed under Microsoft Excel 2007 and statistically analyzed by Graphpad software; Version 6.0, which evaluated the differences of various parameters in both groups on the basis of p value. Serum ALT, AST & GGT levels were significantly elevated in chronic alcoholic liver diseases patients as compared to normal healthy controls.
CONCLUSION: Chronic consumption of alcohol results in the secretion of pro-inflamatory cytokines(TNF alpha, Interleukin 6 [IL6] and Interleukin 8 [IL8]),oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and acetaldehyde toxicity. These factors cause inflammation, apoptosis and eventually fibrosis of liver parenchyma which leads to elevations in liver enzymes like AST & ALT. GGT is an enzyme produced in the bile duct. Measurement of GGT is an extremely sensitive test. It is induced by alcohol and its serum activity may be increased in heavy drinkers even in the absence of liver damage or inflammation. Hence these parameters should be regularly monitored in chronic alcoholic liver diseases
Clinical Profile And CT Severity Score Of Covid-19 Pneumonia At A Tertiary Care Centre: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Manzoor Ahmad Teli  , Abdul Ahad Wani  , Aamir Aamir Shafi
Published: September 2024

Background: COVID-19 infection was previously identified as unexplained cause of pneumonia among groups of patients in China. However it turned out to be a different entity as the scientific manifestations evolved from asymptomatic to fever, running nose, cold to severe life-threatening pneumonia. Approximately 20% of the subjects might advance to severe form of infection which require hospital admission and in some elderly patients intensive care treatment becomes mandatory. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the common symptoms in admitted patients with Covid-19 and to assess the association of different co morbidities with CT severity score in such patients. Material and Methods: This was an observational study carried on admitted patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kashmir, India. Results: Most of the participants (66.28%) in our study were males. Common presenting symptoms were fatigue in 91.86%, fever in 69.77%, muscle aches/joint pains in 63.95%, dyspnoea in 54.65%, cough in 53.49%, chills in 52.33% and anosmia in 50.0%. The common co morbidities present among the participants were hypertension in 48.84%, Diabetes in 33.72%, cardiovascular disease in 24.42%, Hypothyroidism in 20.93% and others were less common. The disease was of mild severity (CT severity score <7) in 17.44%, moderate severity (CTSS 7-18) in 48.84% and severe (CTSS > 18) in 33.72%. Multivariate analysis showed that hypertension, diabetes, COPD and low SPO2 on admission had definite relationship with the presence of severe forms of COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: The clinical outcome and CT severity score in COVID-19 subjects largely depends on the presence of different co-morbidities in the infected population.
To Assess And Compare Vitamin D Levels Between Genders, Age Groups And Geographical Locations In A Secondary Care Hospital Of Dimapur, Nagaland, India.
Authors: Chawang Shelomith K , Imchen Nokchur , Christudoss Pamela
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The deficiency of Vitamin D is a widely unacknowledged and disregarded health issue globally. The prevalence of this condition is observed across all age groups and genders, affecting various systems in the body.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among the adult population and compare vitamin D levels between genders, age groups and geographical locations in patients visiting a secondary care hospital at Dimapur.
Methods: A retrospective study was carried out over the period of one year from January 2022 to December 2022 on 665 patients (male: 33%, female: 64%) attending the outpatient and inpatient departments. Vitamin D levels were analyzed using enhanced chemiluminescence (vitros 5600).
Results: Out of 665 patients, 90 (14%) were found to be vitamin D deficient, 281 (42%) insufficient, 289 (43%) sufficient and 5 (1%) had toxic levels. Males showed a higher percentage (64%) in the vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency groups as compared with females (46%). In the age group of 42-53 years, a higher percentage of people (57%) were found to be affected with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. In the regional distribution of vitamin D status, it is observed that the people in the hilly regions have a higher percentage (61%) of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency as compared with the valley regions (50%). However, there is no statistical difference in mean vitamin D levels within the deficient, insufficient and sufficient groups between genders, different age groups and geographical regions.
Conclusion:  The present study carried out on patients from a secondary care hospital at Dimapur, Nagaland, shows that males have a higher percentage in vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. In the age group of 42-53 years, a higher percentage of people were found to be affected with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. The vitamin D status of those living in the hilly region shows a higher percentage of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. However, there is no statistical difference in mean vitamin D levels within the deficient, insufficient and sufficient groups between genders, different age groups, and between hilly regions and valley regions.
Reproductive Tract Infections Among Married Women And Its Association With Obstetric Factors
Authors: Abid Iram , Nawab Tabassum , Najam Khalique
Published: September 2024

Background
Reproductive tract infection (RTI) is a broad term that encompasses STIs (sexually transmitted infections) as well as other infections of the reproductive tract that are not transmitted through sexual intercourse. Women remain at a high risk for various reproductive health problems especially RTIs. The study was conducted to estimate the proportion of RTI among women of Aligarh and its association with obstetric history of the women.
Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 330 married women of the study area of a tertiary hospital of North India, selected by simple random sampling. A predesigned, semi-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was utilized to take the interview of eligible women.
Results
More symptomatic women were those who got married at 18 years or less than those of more than 18 years, 26.7% and 14.1% respectively. Majority of the symptomatic women (31.9%) were lying in the group where they had been married for 5-10 years as compared to other group. The proportion of RTIs was significantly higher in grand multi para (26.3%). The proportion of RTI was higher in women who had the history of abortion (20.8%) as compared to those who had no history of abortion (17.7%). Age at the time of marriage, duration of marriage, parity were found to be significant determinants of reproductive tract infections.
Conclusions
From the study, it was concluded that proportion of women having Reproductive Tract Infection was 19.1% and it was also influenced by obstetric history of the women.
Awareness And Practices Of Diabetic Retinopathy Among Diabetic Patients Attending Non-Communicable Disease Clinic At Tertiary Health Care Centre - A Facility Based Cross Sectional Study.
Authors: D.Lakshmi  , D.Sivakumar  , S.Nithiya
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT:  Diabetes Mellitus causes a global burden due to its systemic complications that affect different parts of the body especially eye. DR is a common micro vascular complication of DM, and which causes significant visual impairment and blindness worldwide. Hence, regular screening of the eye is mandatory to prevent visual impairment and blindness due to Diabetic Retinopathy
Aims/Objectives: The Objective of the study is to assess the level of awareness and practices among the study participants attending Non Communicable Disease OPD at Tertiary Care centre.
Methodology: The study period was six months from January 2021 to June 2021 with a sample size was 300. The study tool was Semi- structured Questionnaire to assess the level of awareness and practices among the study participants attending Non Communicable Disease OPD at Tertiary Care centre. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. p value Less than 0.05 was fixed as significant value.
Results: A total of 300 participants 136 (45.3%) females and 164 (54.7%) males with Type 2 diabetes were interviewed. 281(93.7%) of the study participants knew that diabetes can have an impact on the eyes, and 207(69%), said that diabetic retinopathy can result in blindness.  231(77%) of the study population are well aware that the good diabetic control prevent diabetic retinopathy. 106 (35.3%) of the population visit for an annual eye checkups. Very minimal population 25(8.3%) undergoes eye check-up when newly diagnosed as DM.
Conclusion: Preventive measures should be taken to create awareness among diabetic patients and also the general population
Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Regarding Blood Donation Among General Populace: A Cross Sectional Study In A Valley District Of Manipur, India.
Authors: Yanal Umar A
Published: September 2024

Background: Many patients who require blood transfusion do not have timely access to safe blood and blood products. WHO states that at least 1% of the nation’s population should donate blood voluntarily to meet the basic requirements of blood. In India, there is a need for about 8 million units of blood every year. The need is predicted to increase by 5% every year. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding blood donation among the general populace of a valley district in Manipur. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the general populace of a valley district in Manipur. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview and was summarized using descriptive statistics like mean, standard deviation and percentages. Association between variables of interest was analysed using chi square test. Conclusion: About one-fourth of the participants in this study had adequate knowledge (25.3%), favourable attitude (27.9%) and had donated blood at least once (27.6%). Males were more likely to have adequate knowledge regarding blood donation and to have donated blood compared to females. There was a significant association between educational qualification and religion with the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of blood donation.
Hypertension: The Undetected Base of An Iceberg
Authors: Prachi Jasuja  , Dolly Mehta  , Salil Sakalle  , Shivam Dixit  , Priyanka Mahawar  , Chandra Gopal Dogne  , Yusuf Kagzi
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Hypertension is a major public health problem due to its high proportion allaround the globe. Hypertension is a major cause of premature death worldwide. An estimated 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years worldwide have hypertension, most (two-thirds) living in lowand middle-income countries.
Aims And Objectives: To estimate proportion of undiagnosed hypertensive cases in >30 years age group.
Materials And Methods: A Pre-designed and semi-structured questionnaire was interviewed to the patients after taking their consent who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria, after that their blood pressure was measured using the appropriate tools. Data was entered in Microsoft excel spread sheet and analysed using R software. Chi square test and Kruskal Wallis H test was applied.
Results: The proportion of hypertension was 32.9% (male: 40.9%, female: 26.0%).Mean systolic and diastolic BP were 124.25±15.05 mmHg and 83.45±9.49 mmHg, respectively. Higher odds of being hypertensive were found in male subjects, eldest age group, married subjects, subjects of upper socioeconomic status, illiterate subjects, and retired subjects. Tobacco and alcohol consumption, overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity were also associated with hypertension.
Conclusion: Around one-third of the subjects were hypertensive and half of the study subjects were prehypertensive in this area.The awareness, treatment,and control of high blood pressure were also very low.
Relationship of Maternal Characteristics and Stunting Among Children
Authors: Laltanpuii  , VK Roy  , Lukima S  , H.T. Lalthanthuami
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background: Stunting is the common form of child undernutrition. The  objective of the present study is to know the relationship of maternal characteristics and stunting in children below five years.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted among 233 children who were 6-59 months of age. Data was collected by structured interview schedule and length/height was measured and analysed length/ height for age to identify status of stunting and  maternal characteristics was analysed to identify the relationship with stunting status
Results: The study result shows that among 233 participants, 29(12.4%) were found to be stunted. Children being stunted or normal in height was associated with maternal height, frequency of meals per day in the family, inadequate iron supplementation during pregnancy, adequacy of antenatal check up during pregnancy. Maternal height below 145cm (OR: 0.009; p=<0.001), frequency of meal (OR: 0.005; p=0.001), inadequate iron supplementation (OR: <0.001;p=<0.001)  increase the likelihood of a child being stunted.
Conclusion: There was correlation between maternal characteristics and stunting of children. There is needed to improve the nutritional status by improving adherence of iron supplementation during pregnancy and improving antenatal visit.
When periphery rules: Enhanced sampling weights of the visual periphery in crowding across dimensions
Authors: Yashar Amit , Carrasco Marisa
Published: September 2024

Crowding, our inability to identify a feature or object – the target – due to its proximity to adjacent features or objects – flankers – exhibits a notable inner-outer asymmetry. This asymmetry is characterized by the outer flanker – more peripheral – creating stronger interference than the inner one – closer to the fovea. But crowding is not uniform across different feature dimensions. For example, in the case of orientation, this asymmetry reflects misreport errors: observers are more likely to misidentify the outer flanker as the target than the inner one. However, for spatial frequency (SF), observers tend to average the features of the target and flankers (Yashar et al., 2019). Here, we investigated whether and how the inner-outer asymmetry manifests across various feature dimensions: Gabor orientation and SF, as well as T-shape tilt and color. We reanalyzed continuous estimation reports data published by Yashar et al. (2019), focusing on a previously unanalyzed factor: the relative position of each flanker (inner vs. outer). We fit probabilistic models that assign variable weights to each flanker. Our analysis revealed that observers predominantly misreport the outer flanker as the target with Gabor orientation and T-shape tilt stimuli, and slightly so with color stimuli, whereas with Gabor SF, observers perform a weighted average of all features but also with a bias towards the outer flanker over the inner one. These findings suggest that an increased weighting on the more peripheral items is a general characteristic of crowding in peripheral vision.
Estimating power in complex nonlinear structural equation modeling including moderation effects: The powerNLSEM R-package
Authors: Irmer Julien P. , Klein Andreas G. , Schermelleh-Engel Karin
Published: September 2024

The model-implied simulation-based power estimation (MSPE) approach is a new general method for power estimation (Irmer et al., 2024). MSPE was developed especially for power estimation of non-linear structural equation models (SEM), but it also can be applied to linear SEM and manifest models using the package . After first providing some information about MSPE and the new adaptive algorithm that automatically selects sample sizes for the best prediction of power using simulation, a tutorial on how to conduct the MSPE for quadratic and interaction SEM (QISEM) using the package is provided. Power estimation is demonstrated for four methods, latent moderated structural equations (LMS), the unconstrained product indicator (UPI), a simple factor score regression (FSR), and a scale regression (SR) approach to QISEM. In two simulation studies, we highlight the performance of the MSPE for all four methods applied to two QISEM with varying complexity and reliability. Further, we justify the settings of the newly developed adaptive search algorithm via performance evaluations using simulation. Overall, the MSPE using the adaptive approach performs well in terms of bias and Type I error rates.
Using the multidimensional nominal response model to model faking in questionnaire data: The importance of item desirability characteristics
Authors: Seitz Timo , Wetzel Eunike , Hilbig Benjamin E. , Meiser Thorsten
Published: September 2024

Faking in self-report personality questionnaires describes a deliberate response distortion aimed at presenting oneself in an overly favorable manner. Unless the influence of faking on item responses is taken into account, faking can harm multiple psychometric properties of a test. In the present article, we account for faking using an extension of the multidimensional nominal response model (MNRM), which is an item response theory (IRT) model that offers a flexible framework for modeling different kinds of response biases. Particularly, we investigated under which circumstances the MNRM can adequately adjust substantive trait scores and latent correlations for the influence of faking and examined the role of variation in the way item content is related to social desirability (i.e., item desirability characteristics) in facilitating the modeling of faking and counteracting its detrimental effects. Using a simulation, we found that the inclusion of a faking dimension in the model can overall improve the recovery of substantive trait person parameters and latent correlations between substantive traits, especially when the impact of faking in the data is high. Item desirability characteristics moderated the effect of modeling faking and were themselves associated with different levels of parameter recovery. In an empirical demonstration with N = 1070 test-takers, we also showed that the faking modeling approach in combination with different item desirability characteristics can prove successful in empirical questionnaire data. We end the article with a discussion of implications for psychological assessment.
MEB Mesleki Eğitim Merkezlerine Devam Eden 14-18 Yaş Grubu Çırakların Sosyal Becerilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Damar Mustafa , Dolgunyürek Osman
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmada; 2022-2023 öğretim yılında MEB mesleki eğitim merkezlerine devam eden 14-18 yaş grubu çırakların sosyal becerileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada; Türkiye’nin yedi coğrafi bölgesinde büyükşehir olan Adana, Ankara, Antalya, İstanbul, Kocaeli, Denizli, Muğla, Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa, Trabzon, Samsun, Malatya, Van ve Konya illerinde mesleki eğitim merkezlerinde görev yapan 14 rehber öğretmenin çırakların sosyal becerilerine ilişkin görüşleri alınmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat formu ile gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler ile elde edilen verilerden temalar oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda; 14-18 yaş grubu çırakların; iletişim becerileri kapsamında; aile içinde anne babaları ile işyerinde usta öğreticilerle, akranlarla, karşı cinsle ve öğretmenlerle iletişimlerinin iyi olmadığı genel anlamda iletişim becerilerinin yetersiz olduğu; sorun çözme becerileri ile ilgili olarak yeterli bilgi ve deneyime sahip olmadıkları bu nedenle sorun çözmede başarısız oldukları, karşılaştıkları sorunların çoğunu şiddet kullanarak çözmeye çalıştıkları zaman zaman da kendilerine zarar verdikleri; uyum sağlama becerilerinde mesleki eğitim merkezine başladıkları ilk yıllarda uyum sağlama konusunda başarısız oldukları ancak son yıllara doğru nispeten uyum sağlamaya başladıkları; birlikte iş yapma becerilerinde diğer beceri alanlarının aksine bir iş yerinde çalışıyor olmaları nedeniyle başarılı oldukları, iş yerlerinde bu beceri alanını sıkça deneyimledikleri böylece birlikte iş yapma becerilerinin geliştiği; sorumluluk alma becerilerinin duruma göre değişiklik gösterdiği iş yerinde sıkça sorumluluk aldıkları ve karar verdikleri belirtilmiştir.
Okul Geliştirme Çalışması: Danışman Akademisyen Uygulamasının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Alper Umut , Göregen Feride , Naillioğlu Kaymak Mehtap , Öcal Sabahat , Gören Safiye Çiğdem , Yalçın Mehmet Tufan
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışma, Ankara İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne bağlı kurumlarda yürütülen Danışman Akademisyen Uygulamasına kurumların katılım sürecinin izlenmesi, uygulamada yaşanan aksaklıkların ve uygulamanın kuruma, personele, öğrenciye ve veliye katkılarının belirlenmesi ve uygulamaya yönelik iyileştirme önerilerinin tespit edilmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden kesitsel anket tasarımı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında elde edilen bulgular, kurumların uygulamaya katılımının pandemi dönemi dışında yükselme eğiliminde olduğunu, uygulamanın en fazla katkısının öğretmenlerde görüldüğünü ve en etkili etkinliklerin seminer ve kurslar olduğunu, kurumların süreçte en sık karşılaştıkları problemin akademisyen bulma aşamasında yaşandığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca uygulamaya yönelik katılımcıların önerilerinin çoğunlukla akademisyenlerin uygulamaya zaman ayırabilmesi konusunda olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular çerçevesinde Danışman Akademisyen Uygulamasının geliştirilmesi ve araştırmacılar için öneriler sunulmuştur
THE X-BAND MICROWAVE ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF POROUS ACTIVATED CARBON FROM NATURAL RESOURCES
Authors: JAMALUDDIN ANIF , CHITRANINGRUM NIDYA , SUBYAKTO SUBYAKTO , AYU WIDYANINGRUM BERNADETA , SEPTIANI ARDITA , SULISTYANINGSIH SULISTYANINGSIH , DESVASARY WINY , DARWIS FAJRI , FUDHOLI AHMAD , SUDARMANTO SUDARMANTO , ADI SAPUTRA NUR , WIDODO EKO , HATA TOSHIMITSU
Published: September 2024

Porous activated carbon (PAC) from bamboo, sisal, and coconut coir fibres with two carbonization steps were prepared and the microwave absorbing characteristics in the frequency range of 8 GHz to 12 GHz were investigated. The PAC based on bamboo, sisal and coconut coir had BET surface areas of 354.79, 141.91, and 25.70 m2/g, respectively. The return loss of -27.3, -25.6 and -16.4 dB was achieved for PAC from bamboo, sisal, and coconut fiber at 10.46, 11.08 and 11.00 GHz, respectively. The microwave absorption of more than 99% for porous activated carbon of bamboo and sisal, and more than 90% for porous activated carbon of coconut coir fiber, is indicated by these return loss values. It is shown by these results that biomass resources can be considered a promising lightweight, cost-effective, and eco-friendly microwave absorber material.
IMPACT OF HOLLOW CORE DIAMETER AND BFRP WRAPPING ON AXIAL COMPRESSIVE STATIC PERFORMANCE OF TIMBER
Authors: YAZICI HİKMET
Published: September 2024

This paper presents an experimental study on the axial compressive static performance of the cylindrical timber-wrapped basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP). Beech and black pine woods were used as cylindrical timber material, polyurethane (PUR) adhesive was used as the adhesive agent, and BFRP was used as fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP). The stress on compression tests was applied to 70 pieces of test samples prepared. The results showed that there was found out that the highest average stress value of 51.8 MPa was achieved inthe black pine cylindrical timber- BFRP wrapping- hollow core (Ø=70 mm)- the beech cylindrical timber blocks- BFRP wrapping samples under compression loading. The lowest average value stress value of 30.78 MPa was found in the black pine cylindrical timber- none hollow core samples. On average, the stress of the black pine cylindrical timber- BFRP wrapping- hollow core (Ø=70 mm)- the beech cylindrical timber blocks- BFRP wrapping samples were68% higher than the stress of the black pine cylindrical timber- none hollow core samples. The influence of the hollow core diameter and the BFRP wrapping type were found statistically significant.
PREPARATION PROCESS AND INTERFACE MODIFICATION ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BAMBOO FIBER/ POLYPROPYLENE CARBONATE COMPOSITES
Authors: LI CHENYANG , CAI YATING , ZHOU XINJIE , XU RUOGU , YU HAN , YU LILI , LI HUI , WANG XIAO , LI SHU-GUANG
Published: September 2024

In this study, bamboo fiber (BF) and polypropylene carbonate (PPC) were used to prepare BF/PPC composite materials. The single factor test combined with orthogonal experiment was used to investigate the effects of different hot pressing process conditions (hot pressing temperature, hot pressing pressure and hot pressing time) on the mechanical properties of BF/PPC composites. Based on the hot pressing process results, the filler nano-calcium carbonate (Nano-CaCO3), γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH550) and maleic anhydride (MAH) were added respectively to the composites to improve the interface between BF and PPC in order to increase the mechanical properties of the composites. The results showed that the reasonable preparation conditions of BF/PPC composites with the best mechanical properties were set at 170°C, under 1.9 MPa for 10 min. Compared with PPC samples, the tensile modulus, bending modulus and impact strength of BF/PPC composites could be increased to 102%, 38.69% and 65.13%, respectively. The optimal interface modification treatments have been proved that nano-CaCO3 with 10% content could increase the tensile modulus and impact strength to 70.53% and 65.84%, while the best result for the bending modulus of BF/PPC composites was modified with MAH with 2.5% content, which could increase to 28.46%.
LUTA POR DIREITOS HUMANOS: ANÁLISE DAS PESSOAS EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA NO BRASIL
Authors: NETO E. J. S.) , Aparecido De Almeida Flávio , SILVA M. M.
Published: September 2024

As pessoas em situação de rua foram historicamente marginalizadas e desumanizadas no Brasil, sofrendo estigma, discriminação e invisibilidade. Políticas públicas higienistas as viam como "lixos humanos" a serem erradicados, ignorando sua humanidade e necessidades básicas. A Lei 14.821 reconhece este grupo como heterogêneo, unido pela falta de moradia e uso de espaços públicos como moradia e sustento. No entanto, a efetivação dos direitos humanos e da cidadania para este grupo ainda é um desafio. Renegadas à própria sorte, dependem de políticas públicas genéricas, paliativas e preconceituosas, e do auxílio de ONGs, movimentos religiosos e grupos de voluntariado. Este estudo, que utiliza-se metodologicamente da revisão bibliográfica, busca compreender as lutas e as dores das pessoas em situação de rua, analisando sua historiografia, a Lei 14.821, o papel da educação e a luta por direitos humanos e ascensão social. Considera-se que é crucial reconhecer a humanidade e os direitos das pessoas em situação de rua, combatendo a estigmatização e construindo uma sociedade mais justa e inclusiva.
A PRÁTICA DA FORMAÇÃO: EDUCADORES DO CAMPO
Authors: Crivellaro Renan Elvis , Santos Franklin Noel dos
Published: September 2024

O estudo atual investiga a educação em áreas campesinas no Brasil, destacando os principais desafios e avanços nesse cenário, com foco na capacitação de educadores e na implementação de políticas públicas direcionadas ao campo. Por meio de uma análise bibliográfica de estudos realizados entre 2000 e 2024, o documento aborda a relevância da educação crítica e emancipatória, que valoriza os saberes locais e as culturas regionais, divergindo do modelo urbano predominante. As pesquisas examinadas apontam que, apesar dos progressos alcançados, como a inserção da educação do campo no plano nacional de ensino, os desafios persistem, como a carência de infraestrutura adequada e a demanda por capacitação contínua dos educadores. Autores como Trindade (2019) e Arroyo (2007) destacam as fragilidades na formulação de políticas específicas e na formação docente, ressaltando a urgência de uma abordagem educacional que reconheça as particularidades das escolas do campo. O estudo conclui que, para assegurar um ensino qualificado no campo, é essencial que as práticas educacionais sejam desenvolvidas em colaboração com a comunidade local, fomentando a formação continuada e contextualizada dos educadores. Este trabalho contribui para uma compreensão mais ampla das dinâmicas envolvidas na educação do campo e aponta direções para futuras pesquisas e intervenções nesse domínio.
OS SISTEMAS DE VALORES MORAIS E A IDEOLOGIA DE MERCADO
Authors: Ribeiro Gabriel Bastos
Published: September 2024

O texto apresenta um esforço no sentido de tentar identificar pontualmente na obra de C. Wright Mills e Axel Honneth alguns apontamentos sobre os sistemas de valores morais que constituem a sociedade moderna e, consequentemente, a sociedade de mercado. Há, contudo, uma ordem social voltada para a obtenção de lucros e privilégios, que encontra em seu seio os mecanismos de controle moral, através principalmente das instituições, podendo, com isso, idealizar uma sociedade que gira em torno do controle do mercado.