bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel In Vitro Assay Correlates Insulin Receptor Autoantibodies With Fasting Insulin in Type B Insulin Resistance
Authors: Minich Waldemar B , Abel Brent S , Schwiebert Christian , Welsink Tim , Seemann Petra , Brown Rebecca J , Schomburg Lutz
Published: March 2023

Context

Severe insulin resistance (IR) in the presence of insulin receptor autoantibodies (InsR-aAb) is known as type B insulin resistance (TBIR). Considerable progress in therapy has been achieved, but diagnosis and monitoring of InsR-aAb remains a challenge.

Objective

This work aimed to establish a robust in vitro method for InsR-Ab quantification.

Methods

Longitudinal serum samples from patients with TBIR at the National Institutes of Health were collected. A bridge-assay for InsR-aAb detection was established using recombinant human insulin receptor as bait and detector. Monoclonal antibodies served as positive controls for validation.

Results

The novel assay proved sensitive, robust, and passed quality control. The measured InsR-aAb from TBIR patients was associated with disease severity, decreased on treatment, and inhibited insulin signaling in vitro. Titers of InsR-aAb correlated positively to fasting insulin in patients.

Conclusion

Quantification of InsR-aAb from serum samples via the novel in vitro assay enables identification of TBIR and monitoring of successful therapy.
Increased Fibrosis in White Adipose Tissue of Male and Female bGH Transgenic Mice Appears Independent of TGF-β Action
Authors: Bell Stephen , Young Jonathan A , List Edward O , Basu Reetobrata , Geitgey Delaney K , Lach Grace , Lee Kevin , Swegan Deborah , Caggiano Lydia J , Okada Shigeru , Kopchick John J , Berryman Darlene E
Published: March 2023

Fibrosis is a pathological state caused by excess deposition of extracellular matrix proteins in a tissue. Male bovine growth hormone (bGH) transgenic mice experience metabolic dysfunction with a marked decrease in lifespan and with increased fibrosis in several tissues including white adipose tissue (WAT), which is more pronounced in the subcutaneous (Sc) depot. The current study expanded on these initial findings to evaluate WAT fibrosis in female bGH mice and the role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in the development of WAT fibrosis. Our findings established that female bGH mice, like males, experience a depot-dependent increase in WAT fibrosis, and bGH mice of both sexes have elevated circulating levels of several markers of collagen turnover. Using various methods, TGF-β signaling was found unchanged or decreased—as opposed to an expected increase—despite the marked fibrosis in WAT of bGH mice. However, acute GH treatments in vivo, in vitro, or ex vivo did elicit a modest increase in TGF-β signaling in some experimental systems. Finally, single nucleus RNA sequencing confirmed no perturbation in TGF-β or its receptor gene expression in any WAT cell subpopulations of Sc bGH WAT; however, a striking increase in B lymphocyte infiltration in bGH WAT was observed. Overall, these data suggest that bGH WAT fibrosis is independent of the action of TGF-β and reveals an intriguing shift in immune cells in bGH WAT that should be further explored considering the increasing importance of B cell–mediated WAT fibrosis and pathology.
Insulin/IGF Axis and the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products: Role in Meta-inflammation and Potential in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Vella Veronica , Lappano Rosamaria , Bonavita Eduardo , Maggiolini Marcello , Clarke Robert Bryan , Belfiore Antonino , De Francesco Ernestina Marianna
Published: March 2023

In metabolic conditions such as obesity and diabetes, which are associated with deregulated signaling of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor system (IIGFs), inflammation plays a dominant role. In cancer, IIGFs is implicated in disease progression, particularly during obesity and diabetes; however, further mediators may act in concert with IIGFs to trigger meta-inflammation. The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and its ligands bridge together metabolism and inflammation in obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Herein, we summarize the main mechanisms of meta-inflammation in malignancies associated with obesity and diabetes; we provide our readers with the most recent understanding and conceptual advances on the role of RAGE at the crossroad between impaired metabolism and inflammation, toward disease aggressiveness. We inform on the potential hubs of cross-communications driven by aberrant RAGE axis and dysfunctional IIGFs in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we offer a rationalized view on the opportunity to terminate meta-inflammation via targeting RAGE pathway, and on the possibility to shut its molecular connections with IIGFs, toward a better control of diabetes- and obesity-associated cancers.
Green Data Analytics of Supercomputing from Massive Sensor Networks: Does Workload Distribution Matter?
Authors: Guo Zhiling , Li Jin , Ramesh Ram
Published: March 2023

Energy costs represent a significant share of the total cost of ownership in high-performance computing systems. Using a unique data set collected by massive sensor networks in a petascale national supercomputing center, we first present an explanatory model to identify key factors affecting energy consumption in supercomputing. Our analytic results show that workload distribution among the nodes has significant effects and could effectively be leveraged to improve energy efficiency. We then establish the high model performance using in-sample and out-of-sample analyses and develop prescriptive models for energy-optimal runtime workload management. We present four dynamic resource management methodologies (packing, load balancing, threshold-based switching, and energy optimization), model their application at two levels (within-rack and cross-rack resource allocation), and explore runtime resource redistribution policies for jobs under the computational steering and comparatively evaluate strategies that use computational steering with those that do not. Our experimental results lead to a threshold strategy that yields near-optimal energy efficiency under all workload conditions. We further calibrate the energy-optimal resource allocations over the full range of workloads and present a bi-criteria evaluation to consider energy consumption and job performance tradeoffs. We conclude with implementation guidelines and policy insights into energy-efficient computing resource management in large supercomputing centers.
Associations Between Insomnia and Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Nutritional Intake After Involuntary Job Loss
Authors:   Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA, Batool-Anwar Salma , Haynes Patricia , Panchal Aria , Quan Stuart
Published: March 2023

Objectives: Involuntary job loss is a stressful life event that can result in changes in nutritional intake. Both insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) also are associated with alterations in dietary intake, but the extent to which this occurs in those who have experienced involuntary job loss is unclear. This study assessed nutritional intake in recently unemployed persons with insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea in comparison to those without a sleep disorder. Methods: Participants from the Assessing Daily Activity Patterns through Occupational Transitions (ADAPT) study were screened for sleep disorders using the Duke Structured Interview for Sleep Disorders. They were classified as having OSA, acute or chronic insomnia or no sleep disorder. Dietary data was collected using United States Department of Agriculture Multipass Dietary recall methodology. Results: A total of 113 participants had evaluable data and were included in this study. The cohort was comprised mainly of women (62%) and 24% were non-Hispanic white. Participants with OSA had a higher BMI compared with no sleep disorder (30.6 ± 9.1 vs 27.4 ± 7.1 kg/m2, p≤0.001). Those with acute insomnia had significantly decreased consumption of total protein (61.5 ± 4.7 vs. 77.9 ± 4.9 g, p≤0.05) and total fat (60.0 ± 4.4 vs. 80.5 ± 4.6 g, p≤0.05). Among the participants with chronic insomnia, there was little overall difference in nutrient consumption compared to the no sleep disorder group although there were several gender specific differences. There were no overall differences between participants with OSA in comparison to no sleep disorder, but women consumed less total fat (89.0 ± 6.7 vs. 57.5 ± 8.0 g, p≤0.01). The Healthy Eating Index of all groups was below the average value of Americans. Conclusion: Unemployed persons compared to those with sleep disorders differ in their consumption of major nutrients; the dietary composition of those with acute insomnia exhibited the greatest divergence. Additionally, the overall nutritional intake of recently unemployed persons is poor.
Promoting fairness? Exploring the gendered impacts of the benefit cap and the two-child limit
Authors: Andersen Kate
Published: March 2023

The benefit cap and the two-child limit were both introduced with the aim of promoting fairness. However, women are disproportionately affected by both of these polices. This article presents new empirical evidence that demonstrates the gendered impacts of the benefit cap and the two-child limit on mothers. It shows that the benefit cap and the two-child limit ignore the gendered reasons for women’s disproportionate subjection to the policies, devalue unpaid care, fail to recognise gendered barriers to paid work and ultimately, harm women in a wide range of ways, particularly by further entrenching them in poverty.
Analog-to-digital conversion of information archived in display holograms: I. discussion
Authors: Rabosh Ekaterina V. , Balbekin Nikolay S. , Petrov Nikolay V.
Published: March 2023

This discussion paper highlights the potential of display holograms in
the storage of information about objects’ shape. The images
recorded and reconstructed from holograms have high visual appeal, and
the holographic carrier has far higher information capacity than other
storage media. One hindrance to the application of display holograms
is the inadequate development of techniques for digitizing information
from them, which is compounded by insufficient analysis and discussion
of existing approaches. In this review, we provide a historical
retrospective of the use of display holography to save comprehensive
information on object morphology. We also discuss existing and
emerging technologies for converting information into a digital
format, addressing one of the most serious challenges to the
widespread use of display holography. Potential applications of these
technologies are also analyzed.
Gouy phase of Bessel-Gaussian beams: theory vs. experiment
Authors: Stoyanov Lyubomir , Stefanov Aleksander , Dreischuh Alexander , Paulus Gerhard G.
Published: March 2023

It is well-known that the wave of a freely propagating Gaussian beam experiences an additional π phase shift compared to a plane wave. This phase shift, known as the Gouy phase, has significant consequences in, e.g., nonlinear optics, since the nonlinear processes require high peak intensity and phase matching of the focused beams. Hence, determining and controlling the Gouy phase is crucial in many fields of modern optics and photonics. Here, we develop an analytical model for the Gouy phase of long-range Bessel-Gaussian beams obtained by annihilating highly charged optical vortices. The model accounts for the influence of the relevant experimental parameters (topological charge, radius-to-width ratio of the initial ring-shaped beam, and focal length of the Fourier-transforming lens). We find an evolution of the Gouy phase varying nearly linearly with propagation distance and confirm this result experimentally.
Robust algorithm for precise XCO2 retrieval using single observation of IPDA LIDAR
Authors: Zhang Hongyuan , Han Ge , Ma Xin , Chen Weibiao , Zhang Xingying , Liu Jiqiao , Gong Wei
Published: March 2023

CO2 column-weighted dry-air mixing ratio (XCO2) products with high precision and spatial resolution are essential for inverting CO2 fluxes and promoting our understanding of global climate change. Compared with passive remote sensing methods, IPDA LIDAR, as an active remote sensing technique, offers many advantages in measuring XCO2. However, a significant random error in IPDA LIDAR measurements causes XCO2 values calculated directly from LIDAR signals to be unqualified as the final XCO2 products. Hence, we propose an efficient particle filter-based inversion of CO2 for single observation (EPICSO) algorithm to precisely retrieve the XCO2 of every LIDAR observation while preserving the high spatial resolution of LIDAR measurements. The EPICSO algorithm adopts the sliding average results as the first estimate of the local XCO2; subsequently, it estimates the difference between two adjacent XCO2 points and calculates the posterior probability of XCO2 based on particle filter theory. To evaluate the performance of the EPICSO algorithm numerically, we perform an EPICSO to process pseudo-observation data. The simulation results show that the results retrieved by the EPICSO algorithm satisfy the required high precision and that the algorithm is robust to a significant amount of random errors. In addition, we utilize LIDAR observation data from actual experiments in Hebei, China, to validate the performance of the EPICSO algorithm. The results retrieved by the EPICSO algorithm are more consistent with the actual local XCO2 than those of the conventional method, indicating that the EPICSO algorithm is efficient and practical for retrieving XCO2 with high precision and spatial resolution.
Automated 360-degree goniophotography with the NIDEK Gonioscope GS-1 for glaucoma
Authors: Madu Chisom T. , Phelps Taylor , Schuman Joel S. , Zambrano Ronald , Lee Ting-Fang , Panarelli Joseph , Al-Aswad Lama , Wollstein Gadi
Published: March 2023

This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03715231). A total of 20 participants (37 eyes) who were 18 or older and had glaucoma or were glaucoma suspects were enrolled from the NYU Langone Eye Center and Bellevue Hospital. During their usual ophthalmology visit, they were consented for the study and underwent 360-degree goniophotography using the NIDEK Gonioscope GS-1. Afterwards, the three ophthalmologists separately examined the images obtained and determined the status of the iridocorneal angle in four quadrants using the Shaffer grading system. Physicians were masked to patient names and diagnoses. Inter-observer reproducibility was determined using Fleiss’ kappa statistics. The interobserver reliability using Fleiss’ statistics was shown to be significant between three glaucoma specialists with fair overall agreement (Fleiss’ kappa: 0.266, p < .0001) in the interpretation of 360-degree goniophotos. Automated 360-degree goniophotography using the NIDEK Gonioscope GS-1 have quality such that they are interpreted similarly by independent expert observers. This indicates that angle investigation may be performed using this automated device and that interpretation by expert observers is likely to be similar. Images produced from automated 360-degree goniophotography using the NIDEK Gonioscope GS-1 are similarly interpreted amongst glaucoma specialists, thus supporting use of this technique to document and assess the anterior chamber angle in patients with, or suspected of, glaucoma and iridocorneal angle abnormalities.
Identification of potential therapeutic intervening targets by in-silico analysis of nsSNPs in preterm birth-related genes
Authors: Azmi Muhammad Bilal , Khan Waqasuddin , Azim M. Kamran , Nisar Muhammad Imran , Jehan Fyezah
Published: March 2023

Prematurity is the foremost cause of death in children under 5 years of age. Genetics contributes to 25–40% of all preterm births (PTB) yet we still need to identify specific targets for intervention based on genetic pathways. This study involved the effect of region-specific non-synonymous variations and their transcript level mutational impact on protein functioning and stability by various in-silico tools. This investigation identifies potential therapeutic targets to manage the challenge of PTB, corresponding protein cavities and explores their binding interactions with intervening compounds. We searched 20 genes coding 55 PTB proteins from NCBI. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of concerned genes were extracted from ENSEMBL, and filtration of exonic variants (non-synonymous) was performed. Several in-silico downstream protein functional effect prediction tools were used to identify damaging variants. Rare coding variants were selected with an allele frequency of ≤1% in 1KGD, further supported by South Asian ALFA frequencies and GTEx gene/tissue expression database. CNN1, COL24A1, IQGAP2 and SLIT2 were identified with 7 rare pathogenic variants found in 17 transcript sequences. The functional impact analyses of rs532147352 (R>H) of CNN1 computed through PhD-SNP, PROVEAN, SNP&GO, PMut and MutPred2 algorithms showed impending deleterious effects, and the presence of this pathogenic mutation in CNN1 resulted in large decrease in protein structural stability (ΔΔG (kcal/mol). After structural protein identification, homology modelling of CNN1, which has been previously reported as a biomarker for the prediction of PTB, was performed, followed by the stereochemical quality checks of the 3D model. Blind docking approach were used to search the binding cavities and molecular interactions with progesterone, ranked with energetic estimations. Molecular interactions of CNN1 with progesterone were investigated through LigPlot 2D. Further, molecular docking experimentation of CNN1 showed the significant interactions at S102, L105, A106, K123, Y124 with five selected PTB-drugs, Allylestrenol (-7.56 kcal/mol), Hydroxyprogesterone caproate (-8.19 kcal/mol), Retosiban (-9.43 kcal/mol), Ritodrine (-7.39 kcal/mol) and Terbutaline (-6.87 kcal/mol). Calponin-1 gene and its molecular interaction analysis could serve as an intervention target for the prevention of PTB.
Multi-compartmental model of glymphatic clearance of solutes in brain tissue
Authors: Poulain Alexandre , Riseth Jørgen , Vinje Vegard
Published: March 2023

The glymphatic system is the subject of numerous pieces of research in biology. Mathematical modelling plays a considerable role in this field since it can indicate the possible physical effects of this system and validate the biologists’ hypotheses. The available mathematical models that describe the system at the scale of the brain (i.e. the macroscopic scale) are often solely based on the diffusion equation and do not consider the fine structures formed by the perivascular spaces. We therefore propose a mathematical model representing the time and space evolution of a mixture flowing through multiple compartments of the brain. We adopt a macroscopic point of view in which the compartments are all present at any point in space. The equations system is composed of two coupled equations for each compartment: One equation for the pressure of a fluid and one for the mass concentration of a solute. The fluid and solute can move from one compartment to another according to certain membrane conditions modelled by transfer functions. We propose to apply this new modelling framework to the clearance of 14C-inulin from the rat brain.
Hepatotoxicity in immune checkpoint inhibitors: A pharmacovigilance study from 2014–2021
Authors: Xu Ze , Qi Guanpeng , Liu Xin , Li Zhaohang , Zhang Aijun , Ma Juman , Li Zuojing
Published: March 2023

Adverse events(AEs) related to hepatotoxicity have been reported in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). As the number of adverse events increases, it is necessary to assess the differences in each immune checkpoint inhibitor regimen. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between ICIs and hepatotoxicity in a scientific and systematic manner. Data were obtained from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database (FAERS) and included data from the first quarter of 2014 to the fourth quarter of 2021. Disproportionality analysis assessed the association between drugs and adverse reactions based on the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and information components (IC). 9,806 liver adverse events were reported in the FAERS database. A strong signal was detected in older patients (≥65 years) associated with ICIs. hepatic adverse events were most frequently reported with Nivolumab (36.17%). Abnormal liver function, hepatitis, and autoimmune hepatitis were most frequently reported, and hepatitis and immune-mediated hepatitis signals were generated in all regimens. In clinical use, patients should be alert to these adverse effects, especially in elderly patients, who may be aggravated by the use of ICI.
Becoming-monster: Ecoaesthetics and feminist criticism of Chinese animation White Snake (2019)1
Authors: Liu Xi W.
Published: March 2023

This article examines Chinese animationBaishe: Yuanqi(White Snake) () and discusses how ecoaesthetics are intertwined with questions of gender representations. Ecoaesthetics are broadly defined to consider the relationship between the human and natural world via de-anthropocentrism – which is the criticism of a human-centred view of the world that surrounds us. The filmWhite Snakefocuses on a man who becomes a monster to be with the creature he loves. This article argues thatWhite Snakeprovides a multi-species model for ecocriticism. On the one hand, the film presents ecological thoughts that showcases a contradictory but symbiotic relationship between human and non-humans; on the other hand, the film neglects the connection between ecoaesthetics and feminist criticism so that it ends up portraying an ecological system that is under the inveterate patriarchal reign and therefore violates ideas around equality in ecoaesthetics. I propose a notion becoming-monster to decipher this ambivalent ecoaesthetic representation. The representation of becoming-monster showcases the harmony that can potentially exist between the human and the non-human appealing de-anthropocentric actions while the ideal image of the equality between human and non-human others is in fact under the male gaze.
Composition, Distribution, and Fisheries Biology of Penaeid Shrimp from the Strong Wavy Waters of Southern Java, Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Rianti , Kurniawan Wanwan , Indrawati Ayuningtyas , Ibrahim Putri Sapira , Hafizt Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Penaeidae is a family of shrimp that has a high economic value, leading to intensive exploitation in many areas. This research was conducted to ascertain the composition, distribution, and fisheries biology of Penaeid shrimps in the strong wavy water of southern Java Island, Indonesia. The research locations were the water of Eastern, Central, and Western Java. Shrimp samples were obtained using various ways. The carapace length (CL) of the shrimps were measured using plastic callipers and recorded to the nearest 1 mm. The results showed that eight species of shrimps were caught in the water of southern Java, with Penaeus merguiensis, P. semisulcatus, and P. monodon being the most common. The species P. merguiensis was found in each sampling location, while P. latisulcatus and Metapenaeus palmensis were only present at Drini Beach (Central Java). The results also showed that P. japonicus and M. lysianassa were only found at Ranca Buaya Beach (West Java). The species P. merguiensis and P. monodon were the two most commercially important species. The distributions of the shrimps were related to the water physical characteristics associated with the shrimp habitat namely SST, bathymetry, and tides. Fishery biology analysis found that the length at first impregnation of P. merguiensis at Damas and Sidem Water (East Java) was 25.9 cm CL. Furthermore, the LBSPR analyses revealed that the spawning capacity of P. merguiensis and M. ensis in the same waters were still very high under the current level of exploitation. Therefore, the magnitude of fishing has not endangered the sustainability of the two shrimps.
Spatial Distribution of Mantis Shrimp (Harpiosquilla raphidea) in Small-Scale Gillnet Fishery: A Case Study in Kuala Tungkal, Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, Jambi
Authors: Ramdhani Farhan , Heltria Septy , Gelis Ester Restiana Endang , Nofrizal Nofrizal , Jhonnerie Romie , Zidni Irfan
Published: March 2023

Mantis Shrimp is one of economically important species due to its high value for export commodities. Mantis shrimp fishing in Kuala Tungkal is categorized as small-scale fisheries. This study aims to investigate the spatial distribution of mantis shrimp catches, both the number (individuals) and body length (BL) (cm) based on the distance from the shoreline to the fishing ground. A survey method was conducted in Kuala Tungkal, Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, Jambi Province in December 2018. The observation covered 23 fishing trips by gillnet within 437 km2. The results revealed that the spatial distribution of the average number (individuals) of mantis shrimp in various stratifications reached 28-31 individuals. However, the farther fishing ground with higher salinity levels obtained a larger average size of mantis shrimp body length (BL). In the 0-4 mile stratification, it was found that the average catch size is 17.3 cm under the first maturity size which should be 19 cm. Meanwhile, in average the observed water condition as follow temperature is 28.2oC, DO = 7.4 mg/L, pH = 7, brightness = 1.1 m, and salinity is 20.9 ppt. At the end, the result of this spatial distribution may become an input for coastal resource management strategies and can support sustainable mantis shrimp fishing efforts.
Senyawa Bioaktif dan Antioksidan Buah Mangrove Sonneratia alba J.E. Smith dari Desa Lhok Bubon Kecamatan Samatoga Kabupaten Aceh Barat
Authors: Nufus Hayatun , Gazali Mohamad , Alaudin Alaudin , Mursawal Asri , Wahyuni Sri , ‘Akla Cut M.N. , Syahrial Syahrial , Marlian Neneng
Published: March 2023

The mangrove species Sonneratia alba is one of the plants that has good bioactive compounds and very easy to find. However, the content of bioactive compounds and nutrients from a plant is strongly influenced by internal and external factors. The study was conducted with the aim to know the proximate content, yield and antioxidant activity of S. alba fruit from Lhok Bubon Village, Samatoga District, West Aceh Regency. The extraction method used methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane as solvent with antioxidant test using DPPH solution (2,2-Diphenil-2-picryl hydrazil). The results of the study showed the proximate content consisted of water 30.71%, ash 5.06%, fat 8.59%, protein 3.48% and carbohydrate 52.16%. Meanwhile, the yield showed ethyl acetate solvent had the highest yield (69.11 ± 13.27%), then followed by n-hexane (68.38 ± 13.21%) and methanol (64.44 ± 14.78%). Furthermore, for the antioxidant activity of S. alba fruit from Lhok Bubon Village, Samatoga District, West Aceh Regency, overall it was classified as very strong IC50 < 50 ppm).   Spesies mangrove Sonneratia alba merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki senyawa bioaktif yang baik dan sangat mudah ditemukan. Namun kandungan senyawa bioaktif dan nutrisi dari suatu tanaman sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternalnya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan proksimat, rendemen dan aktivitas antioksidan buah S. alba dari Desa Lhok Bubon Kecamatan Samatoga Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Metode ekstraksinya menggunakan pelarut methanol, etil asetat dan n-heksana dengan uji antioksidannya menggunakan larutan DPPH (2,2-Diphenil-2-picryl hydrazil). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa kandungan proksimatnya terdiri dari kadar air 30.71%, kadar abu 5.06%, kadar lemak 8.59%, kadar protein 3.48% dan kadar karbohidrat 52.16%. Sementara untuk rendemen menunjukkan bahwa pelarut etil asetat memiliki rendemen tertingginya (69.11 ± 13.27%), kemudian diikuti oleh n-heksana (68.38 ± 13.21%) dan methanol (64.44 ± 14.78%). Selanjutnya untuk aktivitas antioksidan buah S. alba dari Desa Lhok Bubon Kecamatan Samatoga Kabupaten Aceh Barat secara keseluruhannya tergolong sangat kuat (IC50 < 50 ppm).
Chloroform Fraction from Methanol Extract of Starfish Acanthaster planci Stimulates Catfish (Clarias sp.) Macrophage Immunomodulatory Activity
Authors: Achmad Janib , Yudiati Ervia , Azhar Nuril , Alghazeer Rabia
Published: March 2023

Catfish (Clarias sp.) is Indonesia's most important and popular freshwater commodity, widely cultured and intensively grown. This study is aimed to find out the effects of the chloroform fraction from a methanol extract of Acanthaster planci on non-specific immunity in Clarias sp. Thin Layer Chromatography analysis of the methanol extract's chloroform fraction yielded three fractions: FrKl3.1, FrKl3.2, and FrKl3.3. The FrKl3.3 fraction of Acanthaster planci had a significant influence on Phagocytic Activity at doses of 0.1 (54.09 ± 8.99 %), 0.3 (48.16 ± 3.34 %), 0.5 (50.39 ± 5.71 %), and 0.7 mg/kg Body Weight (46.58 ± 0.37 %). At 0.5 mg/kg Body Weight (4.03 ± 1.40 %), the Phagocytic Index of FrKl3.2 was significantly higher than the control. At 0.5 mg/kg Body Weight (38.22 ±1.43 cell 106/ml) and 0.7 mg/kg BW (40.41 ± 1.92 cell 106/ml), the number of leukocytes/white blood cells was significantly higher than the control. Nitroblue Tetrazolium and Total Plasma Protein were not significantly different from the control. Based on the results,  the FrKl3.3 was leading on phagocytic capacity and number of leukocytes
Identifikasi Spesies Pendukung Perikanan Kembung dengan Alat Tangkap Purse Seine di Perairan Utara Probolinggo, Jawa Timur
Authors: Wiadnya Dewa Gede Raka , Rahman Muhammad Arif , Harlyan Ledhyane Ika , Nurfadillah Andi Khofifah
Published: March 2023

Short mackerel is one of small pelagic species which is prioritized in fisheries management of East Java. The first steps to improve this fishery is to carry out stock assessment, the impact of fisheries on the environment, and effective management. This study aims to identify and categorize the species supporting the mackerel fishery in Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 712, especially those caught by purse seine vessels in IPPP Paiton, Probolinggo. This study found that there were two species of short mackerel, Rastrelliger branchysoma and R. kanagurta. There were 16 species interacting with this fishery, none of them were included in the Endangered, Threatened, and Protected (ETP) category based on the IUCN Redlist. These species are categorized into 2 groups, namely main secondary (5 species) and minor secondary (11 species), with the largest proportion being was goldstipe sardine. This information can be a start in the fisheries improvement program of short mackerel fishery in East Java. Future research related to the stocks, habitats and ecosystems of each species can be carried out to complete the information and support the formulation as well as implementation of fisheries improvement program of short mackerel fishery in East Java.  Ikan kembung merupakan salah satu jenis pelagis kecil yang menjadi prioritas dalam pengelolaan perikanan di Jawa Timur. Salah satu langkah awal untuk melakukan perbaikan perikanan ini adalah dengan melakukan penilaian terkait stok, dampak perikanan terhadap lingkungan, serta tata kelola atau pengelolaan yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkategorisasi spesies pendukung perikanan kembung pada Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan (WPP) 712, khususnya yang ditangkap oleh kapal-kapal purse seine dari IPPP Paiton, Probolinggo. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa ikan kembung yang tertangkap terdiri dari kembung perempuan (R. branchysoma) dan kembung lelaki (R. kanagurta). Spesies pendukung atau yang berinteraksi dengan perikanan ini ditemukan sebanyak 16 spesies, dengan tidak ada spesies yang masuk dalam kategori Endangered, Threatened, and Protected (ETP) berdasarkan Redlist IUCN. Spesies pendukung ini dikategorikan kedalam 2 kelompok, yaitu sekunder utama (5 spesies) dan sekunder minor (11 spesies), dengan proporsi terbesar adalah ikan tembang. Informasi ini dapat menjadi awal dalam proses perbaikan perikanan kembung di Jawa Timur. Penelitian lain terkait stok, habitat, dan ekosistem masing-masing spesies dapat dilakukan untuk melengkapi informasi dalam mendukung rumusan dan pelaksanaan program perbaikan perikanan kembung di Jawa Timur.
Degradasi Karbohidrat pada Pakan Udang oleh Isolat Kapang Endofit Mangrove
Authors: Artono Sri Lintang , Trianto Agus , Jaya Nur Taufiq Syamsudin Putra Jaya Taufiq Syamsudin Putra , Sabdono Agus , Subagiyo Subagiyo , Pringgenies Delianis , Pringgenies Delianis , Djamaludin Rignolda , Tjoa Aiyen
Published: March 2023

Feed quality is a very important factor in shrimp farming because it will affect shrimp growth, water quality and even the emergence of pathogenic bacteria. High quality feed can be well digested by shrimp so that it can improve the growth and do not leave plenty of residue. Mold is capable of producing cellulase which can be used to improve feed quality by shortening carbohydrate chains. This paper will discuss the application of endophytic molds to simplify cellulose in shrimp feed. Mold isolates were collected from mangrove ecosystems in North Sulawesi. The media used for culturing mold are potato dextrose agar (PDA) and potato dextrose broth (PDB). Fermentation test was conducted using the fungal isolates; Hypocreales sp. and Diaporthe stewartii and consortia and controls. Fermentation results were checked by TLC and Fehling's test to determine the composition of the compounds and the presence of reducing sugar either mono or di-saccharide. Fermented shrimp feed shows differences in texture and color. Fermented feed extract with Hypocreales sp. 2.69 g (3.36%), Diaporthe stewartii 4.9 g (6.13%), and consortium 3.75 g (4.69%). TLC results neither under UV light nor visualization of vanillin sulfate did not show any differences of compounds in the control and the fermented feed. The results of the Fehling test showed that the mold was able to degrade cellulose that can be utilized to increase the shirmp feed quality.   Kualitas pakan merupakan faktor yang sangat berpengaruh dalam budidaya udang karena akan mempengaruhi pertyumbuhan udang, kualitas air bahkan timbulnya bakteri pathogen. Pakan yang baik mudah dicerna oleh udang sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan secara maksimal dan tidak terlalu banyak meninggalkan residu. Kapang mampu memproduksi selulase yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pakan dengan memperpendek rantai karbohidrat. Tulisan ini akan membahas aplikasi kapang endofit untuk menyederhanakan selulosa pada pakan udang. Isolat kapang dikoleksi dari ekosistem mangrove di Sulaweri Utara. Media yang digunakan untuk mengkultur kapang adalah potato dextrose agar (PDA) dan potato dextrose broth (PDB). Uji fermentasi dengan kapang  Hypocreales sp. dan Diaporthe stewartii dan konsorsium serta kontrol. Hasil fermentasi dicek dengan TLC dan uji Fehling untuk mengetahui komposisi senyawa dan keberadaan mono-karbohidrat.  Pakan udang yang difermentasi menunjukkan perbedaan tekstur dan warna. Ekstrak pakan fermentasi dengan Hypocreales sp. sebesar 2,69 g (3,36%), Diaporthe stewartii sebesar 4,9 g (6,13%), dan konsorsium sebesar 3,75 g (4,69%). Hasil TLC dan visualisasi vanillin sulfat tidak menunjukkan perbedaan jenis senyawa pada pakan kontrol dan pakan terfermentasi. Hasil uji Fehling menunjukkan bahwa  kapang mampu mendegradasi selulosa yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pakan udang.
Konsentrasi Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Tembaga (Cu) pada Hasil Tangkapan Nelayan Pesisir Semarang dan Tegal Jawa Tengah
Authors: Suryono Chrisna Adhi , Indardjo Agus
Published: March 2023

Coastal areas of Semarang and Tegal are the fishing ground area of traditional fishermen. But with the increasing activity in coastal and marine areas it will increase heavy metal contaminants in these waters which are allegedly contaminating existing biota. Heavy metals are pollutants that can accumulate in marine life. This study aims to know the concentration of lead metals (Pb) and copper (Cu) on the catch of the coastal fishermen of Semarang and Tegal, Central Java. Analysis of Pb and Cu concentration in tissue organisms using ICPMS. The results of the analysis showed that Pb and Cu metals were found in biota such as white shrimp (P. merguensis), crab (P. pelagicus), coocle (A. inaequivalvalvis) and gastropods (H. ternatanus). The highest concentration of Pb in the four biota captured in Semarang (4.48-5.76 ppm) and Tegal (0.53-3,055 ppm). Whereas the highest Cu metal in the biota argued in the Tegal waters (0.16 - 0.197ppm) while in Semarang (0.03-0.177 ppm) Semarang. The highest concentration of Pb (3,055-5.58 ppm) is found in gastropods both in Semarang and Tegal.  Thus, the metal Cu (0.177-0.197 ppm) in gastropods from Tegal and Semarang. Gastropods accumulate the highest Pb and Cu metal in the two regions of the fishing ground.  Pesisir Semarang dan Tegal merupakan daerah fishing ground nelayan tradisional.  Namun dengan semakin meningkatnya aktifitas di wilayah pesisir dan laut tersebut akan meningkatkan kontaminan logam berat di perairan tersebut yang diduga akan mengkontaminasi biota yang ada.  Logam berat merupakan polutan yang dapat terakumulasi dalam biota laut.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi logam Timbal (Pb) dan Tembaga (Cu) pada Hasil Tangkapan Nelayan Pesisir Semarang dan Tegal Jawa Tengah.  Analisa konsentrasi Pb dan Cu dalam jaringan organisme menguunakan ICPMS.  Hasil analisa menunjukkan logam Pb dan Cu ditemukan dalam biota seperti udang putih (P. Merguensis), rajungan (P. pelagicus), kerang bulu (A. inaequivalvis) dan gastropoda (H. ternatanus).  Konsentrasi tertinggi Pb di keempat biota yang ditangkap di Semarang (4,48–5,76 ppm) dan Tegal (0,53– 3,055 ppm).  Sedangkan logam Cu tertinggi pada biota yang ditangkap di perairan Tegal (0.16– 0.197ppm) sedangkan di Semarang (0.03–0.177 ppm) Semarang.  Konsentrasi tertinggi Pb (3,055–5,58 ppm) terdapat dalam gastropoda baik di Semarang maupun Tegal.  Demikian logam Cu tertingggi (0,177 - 0,197 ppm) pada gastropoda dari Tegal dan Semarang.  Gastropoda mengakumulasi logam Pb dan Cu tertinggi di kedua daerah fishing ground tersebut.
Profound hyponatremia and dehydration: A case of cisplatin induced renal salt wasting syndrome
Authors: George Tissa Bijoy , Kuriakose Kiran , Pillai Anjana Chandrasekhara , Powell Thomas , Kleyman Thomas R.
Published: March 2023

Cisplatin is a well‐known chemotherapeutic agent that can be associated with hyponatremia. It is known to be associated with a multitude of renal disorders including acute kidney injury with reduced glomerular filtration, Fanconi syndrome, and renal tubular acidosis, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and renal salt wasting syndrome. We report a case of an elderly male presenting with significant recurrent hyponatremia, and prerenal azotemia. With recent exposure to cisplatin along with significant hypovolemia and urinary loss of sodium, he was diagnosed to have cisplatin induced renal salt wasting syndrome.
Mechanical properties, elastic moduli, and gamma ray attenuation competencies of some TeO2–WO3–GdF3 glasses: Tailoring WO3–GdF3 substitution toward optimum behavioral state range
Authors: ALMisned Ghada , Rabaa Elaf , Sen Baykal Duygu , Kavaz Esra , Ilik Erkan , Kilic Gokhan , Zakaly Hesham M. H. , Ene Antoaneta , Tekin Huseyin Ozan
Published: March 2023

We report the mechanical properties, elastic moduli, and gamma ray attenuation properties of some TeO2–WO3–GdF3 glasses. Using the chemical composition of the selected glasses, the dissociation energy per unit volume (G

t
) and the packing density (V

t
) were calculated. Using the G

t
and V

t
values, Young’s, Shear, Bulk, Longitudinal Modulus, and Poisson’s ratio of the glasses are calculated. Next several fundamental gamma ray attenuation properties such as linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half value layer, mean free path, effective atomic number, effective electron density, effective conductivity, exposure, and energy absorption buildup factors are calculated in 0.015–15 MeV energy range. As a consequence of WO3–GdF3 substitution, the glass densities are observed in different values. The overall gamma ray attenuation properties are found to be enhanced through WO3 addition. Moreover, the increasing WO3 incorporation into glass configuration decreases the overall elastic moduli of glasses. It can be concluded that increasing WO3 may be a useful tool for enhancing the gamma ray attenuation qualities and decreasing the elastic moduli of TeO2–WO3–GdF3 in situations where a material with versatile mechanical properties is required.
Evaluation of dynamic behavior of varved clays from the Warsaw ice-dammed lake, Poland
Authors: Nielepkowicz Krzysztof , Dobak Paweł , Bąkowska Anna
Published: March 2023

Soil stiffness degradation due to dynamic loading may result in damage to engineering structures. Therefore, dynamic soil properties gained importance in recent years in the areas where vibrations of different origins are transmitted to the ground. The aim of the study was to determine the stiffness properties of the Warsaw varved clay (central Poland), as a measure of its response to dynamic loading. A set of triaxial tests were conducted. Undisturbed samples were subjected to initial deviator stress of 100 kPa, reflecting vertical stress due to construction load, and then to three dynamic stages under axial displacement control conditions. Secant shear modulus G was adopted as a parameter of soil stiffness during dynamic loading. Main methodological result of the study is application of coefficient α (gradient of logarithmic change in stiffness with time) indicating type of soil behavior under dynamic loading. Negative α values (ranging from −0.48 to −0.91) indicated a weakening effect of the applied vibrations (decrease in stiffness), while positive α values (ranging from 0.11 to 0.21) indicated soil strengthening (increase in stiffness). Results of the study may be applied to compare an impact of several factors influencing soil stiffness during dynamic loading
Effect of four-week home-based exercise program on immune response, fat and muscle mass in subjects recovered from COVID-19
Authors: Ghasemi Peyman , Shirvani Hossein , Shamsoddini Alireza
Published: March 2023

Objectives

A rehabilitation program for patients with COVID-19 may be required to improve related side effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a four-week home workout on body composition and serum levels of IL-6 and cortisol in men recovering from COVID-19.

Methods

The present study is quasi-experimental. To this end, 45 healthy individuals in Tehran were purposefully divided into three groups: those who recovered after COVID-19 (n=30), including two groups of exercise and non-exercise, and individuals who did not have COVID-19 (control) (15=n). The four-week training program included three days of training per week with Traband resistance stretches, weight body training, and cardio exercises. The smirnov-Kolmogorov test was employed for data normality. A one-way analysis of variance test will be used to compare both the mean of variables in groups and the mean of variables before and after the exercise, correlated t-test was employed at a significance level of 0.05.

Results

The results showed that serum levels of interleukin 6 and cortisol were significantly reduced in the recovered training group (p=0.001) and the non-trained recovery group (p=0.001) and a significant difference was observed between the groups (p=0.001). Furthermore, only in the recovered training group, did the fat percentage (p=0.001) and muscle mass (p=0.001) respectively decreased and increased.

Conclusions

Four-week home training improves body composition by reducing body fat percentage and increasing muscle mass. In addition, lowering interleukin-6 and cortisol leads to reduced inflammation, faster recovery, and increased immunity.
The crystal structure of 2-bromo-1,3-phenylene bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate), C20H17BrO6S2
Authors: Chen Jue-Yuan , Zou Long-Sheng , Lai Ni , Yin Zi-Yi , Yuan Lin , Li Zhong-Yan
Published: March 2023

C20H17BrO6S2, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.173(2) Å, b = 8.256(2) Å, c = 16.514(5) Å, α = 89.947(3)°, β = 83.105(3)°, γ = 72.077(3)°, V = 1051.8(5) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0334, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0889, T = 296(2) K.
Temporal stability and responsiveness of a conditioned pain modulation test
Authors: Bakken Anders Galaasen , Axén Iben , Eklund Andreas , Warnqvist Anna , O’Neill Søren
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Conditioned pain modulation is a commonly used quantitative sensory test, measuring endogenous pain control. The temporal stability of the test is questioned, and there is a lack of agreement on the effect of different pain conditions on the conditioned pain modulation response. Thus, an investigation of the temporal stability of a conditioned pain modulation test among patients suffering from persistent or recurrent neck pain is warranted. Further, an investigation into the difference between patients experiencing a clinically important improvement in pain and those not experiencing such an improvement will aid the understanding between changes in pain and the stability of the conditioned pain modulation test.

Methods

This study is based on a randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of home stretching exercises and spinal manipulative therapy vs. home stretching exercises alone. As no difference was found between the interventions, all participants were studied as a prospective cohort in this study, investigating the temporal stability of a conditioned pain modulation test. The cohort was also divided into responders with a minimally clinically important improvement in pain and those not experiencing such an improvement.

Results

Stable measurements of conditioned pain modulation were observed for all independent variables, with a mean change in individual CPM responses of 0.22 from baseline to one week with a standard deviation of 1.34, and −0.15 from the first to the second week with a standard deviation of 1.23. An Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC3 – single, fixed rater) for CPM across the three time points yielded a coefficient of 0.54 (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Patients with persistent or recurrent neck pain had stable CPM responses over a 2 week course of treatment irrespective of clinical response.
Management of the Procedural (Technological) Component of the Engineer's Training System
Authors:   Kazan State Power Engineering University, Zakieva Rafina R.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of quality management of education at a technical university on the basis of criteria-based assessment and monitoring of a student’s professional development using digital resources. The mechanism of education quality management includes monitoring and evaluation of students’ professional development, analysis of the educational situation and decision-making on adjusting the content and methods of forming the readiness of future specialists for engineering activities. This work is a continuation of the author’s research on education quality management. The purpose of this article is to consider the impact of university policies in the main areas of activity on the procedural (technological) component of the engineer training system and to propose a set of measures aimed at improving the quality of education. The methodology of the study consisted of: a systematic approach, an activity-based approach, a personality-oriented approach, a competence-based approach, and a cybernetic approach. In conclusion, on the basis of the reviewed university policies on the main areas of activity for the procedural (technological) component of the engineer training system, complexes of measures aimed at improving the quality of education are proposed.