bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inverse calculation of strain profiles from ETDR measurements using artificial neural networks
Authors: Höhne Robin , Kostka Pawel , Modler Niels
Published: December 2017

Abstract. A novel carbon fibre sensor is developed for the spatially resolved strain measurement. A unique feature of the sensor is the fibre-break resistive measurement principle and the two-core transmission line design. The electrical time domain reflectometry (ETDR) is used in order to realize a spatially resolved measurement of the electrical parameters of the sensor. In this contribution, the process of mapping between the ETDR signals to the existing strain profile is described. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used to solve the inverse electromagnetic problem. The investigations were carried out with a sensor patch in a cantilever arm configuration. Overall, 136 experiments with varying strain distribution over the sensor length were performed to generate the necessary training data to learn the ANN model. The validation of the ANN highlights the feasibility as well as the current limits concerning the quantitative accuracy of mapping ETDR signals to strain profiles.
Effects of defects in composite wind turbine blades – Part 2: Progressive damage modeling of fiberglass-reinforced epoxy composites with manufacturing-induced waves
Authors: Nelson Jared W. , Riddle Trey W. , Cairns Douglas S.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Composite wind turbine blades are typically reliable; however, premature failures are often in regions of manufacturing defects. While the use of damage modeling has increased with improved computational capabilities, they are often performed for worst-case scenarios in which damage or defects are replaced with notches or holes. To better understand and predict these effects, an effects-of-defects study has been undertaken. As a portion of this study, various progressive damage modeling approaches were investigated to determine if proven modeling capabilities could be adapted to predict damage progression of composite laminates with typical manufacturing flaws commonly found in wind turbine blades. Models were constructed to match the coupons from, and compare the results to, the characterization and material testing study presented as a companion. Modeling methods were chosen from established methodologies and included continuum damage models (linear elastic with Hashin failure criteria, user-defined failure criteria, nonlinear shear criteria), a discrete damage model (cohesive elements), and a combined damage model (nonlinear shear with cohesive elements). A systematic, combined qualitative–quantitative approach was used to compare consistency, accuracy, and predictive capability for each model to responses found experimentally. Results indicated that the Hashin and combined models were best able to predict material response to be within 10 % of the strain at peak stress and within 10 % of the peak stress. In both cases, the correlation was not as accurate as the wave shapes were changed in the model; correlation was still within 20 % in many cases. The other modeling approaches did not correlate well within the comparative framework. Overall, the results indicate that this combined approach may provide insight into blade performance with known defects when used in conjunction with a probabilistic flaw framework.
O discurso epistolográfico no "De officiis" de Cícero
Authors: Frade Mafalda
Published: December 2017

A obra ciceroniana é conhecida não só pelos tratados políticos que o orador romano escreveu, mas também pela sua vasta correspondência informal. Porém, Cícero nem sempre estabelece uma fronteira nítida entre os tipos de texto que cria, misturando por vezes estratégias retórico-discursivas de diversos géneros numa mesma obra. É o que sucede no tratado De officiis, em que Cícero expõe o seu pensamento acerca da conduta a observar por um estadista e que tem por destinatário o filho, como se de uma longa carta se tratasse. Neste estudo estabeleceremos um confronto entre as características epistolográficas típicas das cartas ciceronianas e alguns mecanismos linguístico-textuais próprios do texto epistolar que estão presentes no De officiis, tendo por objetivo compreender até que ponto o orador mistura regras discursivas da oratória com regras próprias da epistolografia, elaborando uma obra que, sendo um tratado filosófico, apresenta as mesmas marcas de interação epistolar que se encontram nas suas cartas.
El interlocutor autobiográfico del "Diálogo de las empresas" (1558) y el individualismo cortesano
Authors: Gómez Jesús
Published: December 2017

Desde la perspectiva de los estudios renacentistas, este artículo propone el análisis de algunos rasgos esenciales del diálogo como género literario. La necesaria correlación entre la forma y el contenido ocurre no sólo en el interior del proceso argumentativo, sino también en la recreación ficcional que lleva a cabo el dialoguista al delegar su auctoritas entre los parlamentos atribuidos a dos o más interlocutores. La desaparición, característica en la enunciación dramática, de la voz autorial no se produce en el diálogo cuando observamos su propia trayectoria genérica, desde la Antigüedad clásica hasta el Renacimiento, a través de la figura del interlocutor autobiográfico cuyo nombre y apellidos coinciden con los del propio escritor. La posible aplicación textual del modelo literario propuesto se ejemplifica mediante el análisis del Diálogo de las empresas (1558) de Paulo Jovio.
La protagonista femenina de las "Coplas de Puertocarrero": relevancia escénica y profeminismo. Comparación con otras voces femeninas de los cancioneros
Authors: Guirao Silvente M. Mercedes
Published: December 2017

Este artículo pretende descubrir la relevancia escénica de “Ella”; protagonista de las Coplas de Puertocarrero. Para ello, no sólo se analiza su papel dentro de esta obra, sino en relación con otras voces de la mujer en aquella sociedad en transformación de finales del XV, donde las damas habían alcanzado un gran protagonismo.
Reescrituras celestinescas musicales: apuntes para una historia del libreto celestinesco
Authors: Mier Pérez Laura
Published: December 2017

En este trabajo ofrecemos una visión de las adaptaciones musicales que se han hecho de la Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea bajo el formato de la ópera o de teatro musical. Retomando los trabajos de Joseph Snow proponemos un análisis de la adaptación de Felipe Pedrell de principios del siglo XX y llevamos a cabo un estudio de la última versión conocida, la que se está llevando a cabo en el Metropolitan Museum of Art de Nueva York de la mano de Patrick Eakin Young. Aunque tenemos en cuenta todas las adaptaciones conocidas, nuestro trabajo se centra principalmente en las dos indicadas, con especial atención a la última, de la que carecemos por completo de estudios previos.
Paradoxos da fotografia na nova ecologia dos meios: Inovação tecnológica?
Authors: Renó Denis , Barcellos Jefferson
Published: December 2017

La fotografía es, seguramente, una de las tecnologías de registro mediático más antiguas todavía en uso, perdiendo solamente para la prensa. Sin embargo, desde el surgimiento, ha sufrido cambios de tecnología y, en la última década, transformaciones de su relación con la sociedad. Este artículo presenta, a partir de un rescate bibliográfico y una experimentación, un debate entre el registro imagético en película y la tecnología de registro digital, por pixels. El objetivo del estudio es promover, a partir de sus resultados, una reflexión sobre las similitudes y las diferencias entre esas dos realidades, teniendo en cuenta el papel de la fotografía en el nuevo ecosistema mediático.
Asha Ismail Hussein, una superviviente
Authors: Alvarez Uría Fernando , Castillo Burgos Patricia , De Miguel Cabrejas Blanca , Cerro Tardón Rocio Del Pilar
Published: December 2017

La ablación de clítoris es en la actualidad una práctica afortunadamente en retroceso, pero que aún se practica en unos 30 países de la banda del Sahel, desde Somalia a Senegal. Se trata por tanto de una violencia que sufren cada año 3 millones de niñas de África y de Oriente Próximo, y que afecta a 125 millones de mujeres. El etnocentrismo europeo, occidental convierte en demasiadas ocasiones en mujeres invisibles a las mujeres que son objeto a la vez de esta violencia física y simbólica. En este sentido una vez más la sociología crítica trata de responder, mediante el recurso a las historias de vida, a los relatos de vida como el de Asha Ismail Hussein, a una demanda social para tratar de hacer visible lo invisible, y contribuir así a desterrar lo intolerable de nuestro panorama social.
Socio-economic, Health and Working Conditions of Child Beedi Rollers in Beedi Industry
Authors: Singh Monica Munjial , Amiri Mohammad , Sabbarwal Sherry
Published: December 2017

Beedi manufacturing industry in India, is a highly labour-intensive and predominantly it is an unorganized sector. The beedi rolling function is generally done by women and child labourers who have no other means of financial earning. Child labourers are weak segments of Indian unorganized labour force. This study has been done in Solapur city of Maharashtra state in India. This city is important and famous for power loom industry and beedi industry also. Through the study an attempt has been made to highlight the health problems faced by child beedi rollers. This study also focuses on the factors which force children to work in beedi manufacturing industry and assesses literacy level of the child beedi rollers. The results of the study show that socio-economic condition of majority of the selected child beedi rollers is very poor and majority of them are facing various deceases due to constant exposure to tobacco dust and unhygienic working conditions at work place. Most of them have not completed their primary education.
Interleukin-6 Inhibition in Inflammatory Diseases: Results Achieved and Tasks to Accomplish
Authors: Tanaka Toshio , Narazaki Masashi
Published: December 2017

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a prototypical cytokine featuring functional pleiotropy and redundancy. Under situations of stress, such as infection or tissue injury, IL-6 is rapidly synthesized and plays a major role in host defense. However, uncontrolled excessive or persistent production of IL-6 has a pathological effect in various diseases. Thus, IL-6 blockade was expected to become a novel therapeutic strategy for IL-6–mediated inflammatory diseases, and the first-in-class IL-6 inhibitor tocilizumab, which blocks IL-6 activity by inhibiting IL-6 binding to its receptor, was developed. Clinical trials of tocilizumab have verified its efficacy and tolerable safety profile in several diseases, and it has been approved for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Castleman's disease, systemic and polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and giant cell arteritis. Off-label use and clinical trials strongly indicate that tocilizumab will be applicable for a wide variety of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.
Water in the Middle East: Making Room for Informal Problem Solving
Authors: Susskind Lawrence , Zaerpoor Yasmin
Published: December 2017

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is considered one of the most water scarce in the world. Two new books look closely at the prospects for water policy reform in two MENA countries. In Water Politics in Turkey: Structural Change and EU Accession, Vakur Sumer assesses the impacts that harmonizing Turkey's water-management efforts with broader EU legal standards might have on the country's water management. In her new book, Social Capital and Local Water Management in Egypt, Dalia M. Gouda emphasizes the importance of water-management reforms undertaken at the village level. One offers a look at top-down efforts to reform water policy and water management, while the other emphasizes the need for bottom-up efforts that rely on nongovernmental organizations. Presumably, the two together would be sufficient. This review suggests they are not.
Internet Meme Creativity as Everyday Conversation
Authors: Willmore James , Hocking Darryl
Published: December 2017

Internet memes are online fads or trends consisting of a combination of image, verbiage, audio, and video that are repeatedly altered by Internet users and shared on the Internet, often in a rapid, viral-like manner. The constant process of mutation that an Internet meme undergoes as it spreads across the Internet typically involves repetition, rhetorical play, pattern reformulation, and punning, among others—all characteristics that Ronald Carter has defined in his analysis of spoken conversation as examples of demotic and ordinary creativity. Drawing upon and extending Carter’s description of the everyday creativity of spoken language, this study seeks to systematically investigate and describe the creative and conversational characteristics of Internet memes and in doing so provide further insights into the nature of both Internet creativity and popular culture.
Fashion in the Expanded Field: Strategies for Critical Fashion Practices
Authors: Torres Lara
Published: December 2017

This article focuses on current strategies for critical fashion practices in an expanded field of fashion. In the late twentieth century and early twenty-first century, the field of fashion studies has increasingly scrutinized the relationship between fine art and fashion within an art museum context. Drawing a parallel with Rosalind Krauss’s notion of sculpture in the expanded field, this article documents the development of interdisciplinary fashion practices, suggesting that an expanded field allows fashion practitioners to engage in a critical discussion of the fashion system. As a fashion practitioner focusing on nonproductivist interdisciplinary techniques across multiple media (fashion and film, sculpture, installation, and performance), I test this notion by developing parallels between contemporary fashion and Krauss’s 1979 diagnosis. This article argues for the relevance of establishing theories of interdisciplinary practice to better understand the contemporary field of fashion, challenging assumptions about fashion’s role in the twenty-first century.
Harper’s Island: Negotiating a Masculine World to Become a Female Hero
Authors: Hellyer Cale Richard
Published: December 2017

This article will analyze the portrayal of the main character in the television program Harper’s Island, Abby, as a female hero. The term “female hero” will be used throughout because “heroine” has traditionally implied that female heroics are inherently different and less significant than those of males. This article will compare Abby to previous female heroes from a range of texts and establish her as an atypical female hero. The reason for using this show to analyze the female hero, which has had so many different interpretations and representations, is because Abby fits into the position in a unique way. She can be considered a combination of a vast range of different elements of historical and contemporary female heroes, as she negotiates a male world but never becomes masculine in order to be heroic—something that is rarely seen in other female heroes.
Effects of biopesticides on oviposition site selection in invasive and native mosquitoes in southeastern Pennsylvania
Authors: Binckley Christopher , Thomas Sneha
Published: December 2017

Ecological and economic harm by invasive species is exemplified by some Aedes mosquitoes. Their pathogen transmission to humans and wildlife has generated much research concerning how biopesticides induce larval mortality. The response of ovipositing females to biopesticides is less well understood and shows inter- and intraspecific variation. Quantifying this variation is crucial for reducing vector populations and disease outbreaks. We examined how invasive (Aedes albopictus and A. japonicus) and native (Culex restuans) ovipositing mosquitoes responded to the presence of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (BTI), B. sphaericus (BS), their combination, and controls lacking biopesticides and how this affected larval survivorship. A. albopictus females laid more eggs at control sites (p = 0.0005), C. restuans deposited more eggs with biopesticides (p < 0.0001), and A. japonicus did not respond to treatments when laying eggs (p = 0.3128). Larval survivorship with biopesticides was 0.0% in all species (p < 0.0001). Female avoidance suggests that behavioral resistance to biopesticides can occur at oviposition (A. albopictus); attraction (C. restuans) or no response (A. japonicus) could generate ecological traps. Oviposition habitat selection in response to biopesticides varies within and among species and might reduce or enhance larval mortality, population abundance, and the success of vector control programs.
Geographic distribution of metazoan parasites of Rhinichthys atratulus atratulus and Fundulus heteroclitus throughout the suburban–urban watershed of Darby Creek, Pennsylvania
Authors: Requa Eric Robert , Much Kristen , Bell Jeremy , Bemis Kelley , Requa Lindsay Cappa , Ordog Stephen , Chi Peter , Goddard Kathryn
Published: December 2017

The geographic distribution and abundance of five metazoan parasites differed between the blacknose dace, Rhinichthys atratulus, and the mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus, and differed between sites in the Darby Creek, PA watershed. Parasitism appears to be negatively affected by urban development in that definitive (bird) hosts were less available for white grub (Posthodiplostomum minimum), black-spot (Uvulifer ambloplites), yellow grub (Clinostomum complanatum), acanthocephalans (Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli), and the nematode Eustrongylides sp. to complete their life cycles at one highly developed lower watershed site. High levels of parasitism were observed at two sites that are highly polluted and urbanized with eutrophic stream conditions, but near or within a wildlife refuge where there are abundant bird hosts. Therefore, a combination of issues appears to be increasing parasitism in the area. The parasites in the lower watershed are part of a complex aquatic community supported by the unique presence of the urban wildlife refuge.
EXPERIÊNCIAS DE APRENDIZAGEM DE PORTUGUÊS LÍNGUA ADICIONAL NO CONTEXTO UNIVERSITÁRIO
Authors: De Lima Hiago Higor
Published: December 2017

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo narrativo sobre experiências de aprendizagem de português como língua adicional (PLA) de sete estudantes de diferentes nacionalidades em caráter de imersão em contexto universitário no Brasil. A experiência é tomada como construto e unidade de análise (MICCOLI, 1997-2014) e os dados foram analisados com base no Marco de Referência de Experiências de Aprendizagem (MICCOLI, 2007b, 2010). Os resultados apontam similaridades entre as experiências de estudantes de PLA e as experiências de estudantes de inglês, documentadas por Miccoli (1997; 2007b, 2010). O contexto de imersão acadêmico-universitário, entretanto, é o diferencial nas experiências de aprendizagem de PLA, por trazer à tona questões relativas à interação entre culturas e ao acolhimento do estudante estrangeiro, que se relacionam, entre outros elementos, ao processo de internacionalização das universidades.
COMPREENSIBILIDADE EM L2: UMA DISCUSSÃO SOBRE O EFEITO DA EXPERIÊNCIA DO OUVINTE E DO TIPO DE MEIO EM EXCERTOS DO PORTUGUÊS BRASILEIRO PRODUZIDOS POR UM FALANTE HAITIANO
Authors: Albuquerque Jeniffer Imaregna Alcantara , Kickhöfel Alves Ubiratã
Published: December 2017

Este trabalho investiga o efeito da experiência (com fala não nativa) de ouvintes brasileiros, bem como do tipo de meio (áudio ou áudio-vídeo) na compreensibilidade de excertos do Português Brasileiro produzidos por um aprendiz haitiano, do sexo masculino. O estudo foi conduzido com dois grupos de ouvintes brasileiros, com 20 participantes cada, sendo um composto por professores com experiência no ensino de português como língua adicional para haitianos (GP) e, o outro, por graduandos de um curso de Letras Português-Inglês, sem experiência com a fala de haitianos (GA). Entre os resultados estatísticos, testes Two-Way ANOVA inter-sujeitos demonstraram um efeito principal de experiência, i.e., o GP apresentou um maior índice de compreensibilidade quando comparado com o GA. No entanto, não foi encontrado um efeito principal de tipo de meio, e tampouco se verificou um efeito de interação entre as duas variáveis independentes (experiência e tipo de meio). A partir dos resultados, propõe-se uma reflexão teórico-metodológica sobre o conceito de ‘compreensibilidade’ de fala estrangeira que o entenda como propriedades compartilhadas entre falante e ouvinte, o que implica assumir que uma fala estrangeira passa por variáveis sociolinguísticas associadas a ambas as partes da interlocução.
DESESCOLARIZAÇÃO E LEITURIZAÇÃO: UMA PROPOSTA DE LEITURA PARA ENSINO DE PORTUGUÊS PARA FALANTES DE OUTRAS LÍNGUAS
Authors: Cordeiro Elisa Novaski , Kondo Rosana Hass
Published: December 2017

Partindo do pressuposto que é a partir da construção de sentido das mensagens escritas que o educando compreende progressivamente o funcionamento do código gráfico (RAZET, 2014, p. 95), apresentamos uma proposta didática baseada em leitura conectada com estruturas que envolvem o uso do presente do subjuntivo e do modo imperativo, de maneira que a gramática não seja o foco principal das atividades, mas que a negociação e construção coletiva e individual de sentidos leve os alunos a estabelecer relação entre código e significado. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir da perspectiva de leitura proposta por Foucambert (1994), “desescolarização e leiturização”. Também fizemos uso da Leitura pela via Direta desenvolvida pela Aliança Francesa pela Leitura (AFL). Participaram deste trabalho sete (7) alunos estrangeiros que estão aprendendo português em situação de imersão, os quais possuem objetivos diferentes em relação à aprendizagem e ao uso dessa língua. Os resultados sugerem que a desescolarização da leitura é bastante eficaz, tendo em vista que ela ajuda a desvencilhar o caráter formal e compartimentalizado que, em geral, faz parte da leitura em ambiente escolar e que engessa o ato de ler, o que tende a distanciar os educandos da prática de leitura.
A Correlation Study among Achievement Motivation, Goal-Setting and L2 Learning Strategy in EFL Context
Authors: Han Jing , Lu Qingsheng
Published: December 2017

Achievement motivation as one of the most important parts in learning motivation indicates a concern with success in competition with some standard of excellence. Learners who are highly motivated to learn a language are likely to use a variety of strategies. Besides achievement motivation, goal setting, a very important cognitive mediator between motivational antecedents and motivational behaviour, becomes another variable influencing learners’ strategy use. Therefore, the current study will focus the influence of achievement motivation and goal setting on learners' strategy use, aiming to deal with (1) the typical types of learning strategies held by the college students under investigation; (2) effect of different levels of achievement motivation on the use of learning strategies; (3) the relationship among goal-setting, learning strategies and achievement motivation. The results show that compensation and metacognitive strategies are reported as being used the most frequently, followed by cognitive and affective strategies, while the three least frequently used individual strategies involve “use words differently”, “start L2 conversation”, and “ask for native’s help”. Concerning the relationship between achievement motivation and strategy use, motive to achieve success (Ms) is positively and significantly correlated with four of the six types of learning strategies, i.e. cognitive, metacognitive, affective and social strategies. On the contrary, motive to avoid failure (Mf) is negatively but not significantly correlated with all the strategies. With regard to goal-setting and strategy use, the study shows that all six learning strategies are significantly correlated with goal-setting except affective strategies. As to relationship between goal-setting and achievement motivation, motive to achieve success (Ms) has significant positive relations with three levels of goal-setting, while motive to avoid failure (Mf) is positively related to “short-term goal” and “mastery goal”.
Overview of Cardiac Rehabilitation Evidence, Benefits and Utilisation
Authors: Al Quait Abdulrahman , Doherty Patrick
Published: December 2017

Historically, the main objective of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as an exercise-based programme was to restore or improve patients’ regular physical activity after a cardiac event. Since then CR has evolved into a comprehensive secondary prevention programme, the objectives of CR, and indications and contraindications for its use have also developed in sophistication. Current CR programmes are designed to stabilise or even reverse the progression of heart disease by controlling all modifiable risk factors. They are also concerned with improving patients’ quality of life by restoring their wellbeing. All this should be achieved with the maximum safety levels to patients. The first part of this review details on how CR evolved from a simple exercise programme to a comprehensive secondary prevention programme in the past few decades. The second part sets an example of modern CR provision, pathway and guidelines in a top leading country in this field, the UK.
Belgopeltula belgica (Vincx & Gourbault, 1992) gen. et comb. nov. and Mudwigglus micramphidium sp. nov. from the west coast of Sweden, and reappraisal of the genus Pseudaraeolaimus Chitwood, 1951 (Nematoda: Araeolaimida: Diplopeltidae)
Authors: Holovachov Oleksandr
Published: December 2017

Two species of the nematode family Diplopeltidae are described from Skagerrak. The new genus Belgopeltula gen. nov. is proposed for Diplopeltula belgica Vincx & Gourbault, 1992 and is characterised by: amphidial fovea circular in female and double-loop-shaped in male; excretory pore located at the level of cephalic setae bases; oral opening on the dorsal side of the body; pharynx subdivided into strongly muscularised fusiform corpus and weakly muscularised narrow and long postcorpus; female didelphic with antidromously reflexed ovaries; supplements absent. Mudwigglus micramphidium sp. nov. is characterised by: a body of 0.6 mm long; cephalic sensilla 1.5 µm long; amphidial fovea loop-shaped, 8 µm long and 3.5 µm wide; gymnostom without cuticularised ring; tail elongate conoid, with subcylindrical distal part; terminal setae absent; spicules 15 µm long; gubernaculum present; two midventral precloacal setae. It is distinguished from M. macramphidium Leduc, 2013 in having shorter amphidial fovea, shorter spicules and presence of two precloacal setae. Redescription of Diplopeltis cylindricauda Allgén, 1932 is provided based on type material. Diplopeltula minuta Vitiello, 1972 is transferred to the genus Mudwigglus Leduc, 2013. Diplopeltis cylindricauda Allgén, 1932, Diplopeltula laminata Vitiello, 1972 and Diplopeltula cassidaignensis Vitiello, 1972 are transferred to the genus Pseudaraeolaimus Chitwood, 1951.
Nodal Involvement by CD30+ Cutaneous Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Its Challenging Differentiation From Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Lezama Lhara Sumarriva , Gratzinger Dita
Published: December 2017

Primary cutaneous lymphomas are defined as non-Hodgkin lymphomas that present in the skin with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. Mycosis fungoides is the most common type of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, representing almost 50% of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, and primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders are the second most common group (30%). Transformed mycosis fungoides is usually CD30+ and can involve multiple nodal sites; other primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders can also involve draining regional nodes. Nodal involvement by CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders can mimic classical Hodgkin lymphoma, which can aberrantly express T-cell antigens. The aim of this article is to briefly review salient clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular features that can be used to distinguish lymph node involvement by CD30+ cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders from classical Hodgkin lymphoma, a clinically important differential diagnosis that represents a challenging task for the pathologist.
Vancomycin Dosing and Monitoring in the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis: Results of a National Practice Survey
Authors: Pettit Rebecca S. , Peters Stacy J. , McDade Erin J. , Kreilein Kaci , Patel Radha , Epps Kevin , Kittell Frederick , Duval Mariela A. , Zobell Jeffery T.
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVES Vancomycin is commonly used in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) to treat acute pulmonary exacerbations, but few guidelines exist to help dose and monitor patients. The objective of this study was to assess vancomycin use and monitoring strategies at Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF)–accredited centers in hopes of developing and implementing vancomycin dosing and monitoring standards.

METHODS An anonymous national cross-sectional survey of pharmacists affiliated with CFF-accredited pediatric and/or adult centers was performed by using Surveymonkey.com. The survey consisted of 3 sections: (1) CF Center Demographic Information (10 questions); 2) vancomycin use in pediatric CF patients (31 questions); and 3) vancomycin use in adult CF patients (29 questions); it was administered from March 9, 2015, to April 13, 2015.

RESULTS The survey was completed by 31/69 (45%) pharmacists and 28 (90.3%) reported using vancomycin in the pediatric population. The most common initial starting dose for pediatric patients was 15 mg/kg/dose (57.1%) and every 6 hours was the most common dosing frequency (67.9%). The most common monitoring strategy was collection of a trough concentration (92.9%) with 57.7% of pharmacist targeting a range of 15 to 20 mg/L. The most common initial starting vancomycin dose in adults with CF was 15 mg/kg/dose (61.5%), and initial frequency of every 8 hours (73.1%). The most common monitoring strategy was a trough concentration (96.2%) with 83.3% of pharmacists reporting a goal trough range of 15 to 20 mg/L.

CONCLUSIONS The most common vancomycin dosing reported was 15 to 20 mg/kg/dose every 6 hours (pediatric) and 15 to 20 mg/kg/dose every 8 to 12 hours (adults). Serum concentrations measured to meet monitoring parameters of trough concentrations of 15 to 20 mg/L, or area under the curve to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio > 400, were the same in both pediatric and adult patients.
Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Using Plan-Do-Study-Act Cycles to Reduce Unjustified Antibiotic Prescribing in Children Admitted With an Asthma Exacerbation
Authors: Dorzin Sasha E. , Halaby Claudia , Quintos Maria Lyn , Noor Asif , El-Chaar Gladys
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) ensure appropriate antibiotic use, reduce health care costs, and minimize antibiotic resistance. National asthma guidelines do not recommend antibiotics during an exacerbation unless the child has an infection or comorbidities. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) established a benchmark for unjustified antibiotic use at 6.6%.9 A retrospective study at our institution showed that 7.8% of antibiotics were prescribed without justification in children admitted for asthma. The purpose of this study was to reduce unjustified antibiotic use at our institution by 25% in children through an ASP directed toward asthma.

METHODS The study period lasted from November 2015 to March 2016. Children 6 months to 17 years of age, admitted for an asthma exacerbation, were included while those with comorbidities were excluded. A multidisciplinary team from pediatric pharmacotherapy, pulmonology, emergency department (ED), infectious diseases, and quality improvement was formed to focus on process improvement. Interventions were executed in a series of Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles. In cycle 1, our asthma guidelines on appropriate antibiotic use were disseminated to pediatric house staff and posted in pediatric units. Cycle 2 encompassed presenting the ASP and guidelines to the pediatric ED staff. Cycle 3 consisted of a journal club with the pulmonary division to discuss the role of azithromycin in an asthma exacerbation.

RESULTS In cycle 1, twenty-four patients were reviewed in November 2015. Antibiotics were prescribed in 8/24 (33%) children, with an unjustified rate of 2/24 (8.3%). In cycle 2, twenty-three patients were reviewed in December and January with 8/23 (35%) prescribed antibiotics and an unjustified rate of 2/23 (8.7%). For cycle 3, in February and March 2016, twenty-one children were reviewed. Antibiotics were prescribed in 6/21 (27%) children and all were justified. In total, 68 patients were included in our study and had an unjustified antibiotic prescribing rate of 4/68 (5.9%), a reduction of 25%.

CONCLUSION Our ASP surpassed the benchmark set by AAP guidelines, by reducing the percentage of unjustified antibiotics in children with asthma to 5.9%.
Métodos participativos - etnografia de um processo de pesquisa
Authors: Macedo Marcelo Ernandez , Fernandes Artur Seidel , Santos Jenifer Silva dos
Published: December 2017

Esse artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma análise dos métodos participativos de pesquisa na comunicação e demais ciências sociais. Seu fio condutor é o próprio processo de pesquisa vivenciado pelos autores, que ao longo do seu desenvolvimento e das dificuldades encontradas suscita as questões metodológicas discutidas e a busca de referências teóricas para trata-las. As principais referências utilizadas são os textos organizados por Brandão (1981 e 1984) e a tipologia de pesquisa participativa desenvolvida por Peruzzo (2003). Além dos tipos de métodos participativos discutidos, os autores apontam para questões éticas do processo de pesquisa, tais como as relações entre pesquisados e pesquisadores diante de situações de conflito entre coletivos pesquisados.
O consumo e o discurso niilista da publicidade
Authors: Carrascoza João Anzanello
Published: December 2017

No campo da economia discursiva, os discursos colidem, mesclam-se, emponderam-se. Na comunicação publicitária, as empresas não competem apenas na esfera do mercado, mas também na arena midiática, onde seus discursos se defrontam. Aconstrução do mundo simbólico de um anunciante leva em conta o mundo simbólico de seus concorrentes. Direta ou indiretamente, esses discursos vivem em conflito entre si, embora sem tensionar o sistema de valores dominantes. Em linha com nosso projeto atual de abordar a poética da publicidade e a produção e o consumo do discurso na contemporaneidade, por meio de obras literárias, vamos discutir aspectos desse conflito discursivo na publicidade, a partir do romance Nada, da escritora dinamarquesa Janne Teller.
Comunicação e indústria criativa – modos de usar
Authors: Feil Gabriel Sausen
Published: December 2017

Este texto busca definir o conceito de indústria criativa e estabelecer relações entre esse conceito e a atividade comunicacional. Para isso, apropria-se do conceito de indústria criativa apresentado pela UNCTAD; em tal apropriação, acaba por sugerir um recorte, o que gera o acréscimo de um ponto conceitual restritivo, que diz respeito à contribuição gerada pelas atividades de indústria criativa; essa contribuição envolve não apenas o âmbito econômico, mas também o cultural/social/educacional.
A Revista Americana como um veículo de sonhos e a ilusão americana, de Eduardo Prado – representações de pan-americanismo (1909 – 1919)
Authors: Fabriz Larissa Milanezi
Published: December 2017

O presente trabalho analisa a Revista Americana (1909-1919), publicação oriunda do Ministério das Relações Exteriores do Brasil, como um espaço de opinião pública e comunidade interpretativa portadora de um conjunto de práticas específicas que autorizavam a publicação de artigos. Analisaremos como a Revista, que fora qualificada por seus editores como um veículo de sonhos, também se tornou portadora de ilusões em virtude das limitações que veiculou a respeito de outros povos e da imigração no continente americano. Para tanto, analisamos artigos publicados na Revista e o livro A Ilusão Americana, do brasileiro Eduardo Prado. Nossas conclusões apontam que as restrições defendidas por esses intelectuais carregavam representações de determinados grupos de imigrantes como aqueles que comprometeriam a paz e o desenvolvimento do continente.
Open Praxis vol. 9 issue 4
Authors: Gil-Jaurena (ed.), various authors Inés
Published: December 2017

This Open Praxis issue is an open issue that includes eight research papers and one book review.
Anvendelse af modalverber som udtryk for forpligtelse i kontrakter.
En semantisk/pragmatisk analyse af devoir og skulle
Authors: Birkelund Merete
Published: December 2017

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Udvikling i fransk timbre gennem 30 år.
En projektskitse og nogle indledende resultater
Authors: Hansen Anita Berit
Published: December 2017

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Hvordan vælter en hund en bikube?
Kausalitet og bevægelser på dansk og fransk, en undersøgelse baseret på et stimuleret korpus
Authors: Lepetit Xavier
Published: December 2017

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Fransk tale og fransk skrift: Skal man undervise i to sprog på én gang?
Authors: Andersen Hanne Leth
Published: December 2017

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At negere eller ikke negere.
En undersøgelse af anvendelsen af nægtelsen i udtryk for deontisk modalitet på fransk
Authors: Birkelund Merete
Published: December 2017

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Indkapsling i spansk
Authors: Dam Lotte
Published: December 2017

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Relativsætninger i dansk talesprog
Authors: Jensen Anne
Published: December 2017

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Om sætningsemner i fransk grammatik
Authors: Jønsson Mads
Published: December 2017

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En sammenligning af C'est le meilleur livre que j'ai/aie lu depuis la guerre
- et spørgsmål om modus?
Authors: Khayat Helle
Published: December 2017

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Epistemiske og evidentielle sætningsadverbialer i dansk og engelsk
Authors: Mortensen Janus
Published: December 2017

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Generisk du - en igangværende sprog(brugs)forandring
Authors: Jensen Torben Juel
Published: December 2017

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Lingvistik - nu som semiotik
Authors: Durst-Andersen Per
Published: December 2017

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Små elementer - store effekter
Om nok, vist og vel samt to af deres formodede franske ækvivalenter
Authors: Sneskov Randi Marie
Published: December 2017

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En polyfon analyse af adversative strukturer
Authors: Birkelund Merete
Published: December 2017

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Hvad kvalificerer et leksikalsk element til grammatikalisering?
Authors: Boye Kasper , Harder Peter
Published: December 2017

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Leksikalsk semantik og selektionsrestriktioner - kollokationskategorien
Authors: Dam-Jensen Helle
Published: December 2017

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Markeret hvad angår hvad?
Om markerethedsteori i grammatikken
Authors: Jensen Eva Skafte
Published: December 2017

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Transitivitet i italiensk
 - om grænsen mellem valens og konstruktion
Authors: Heltoft Lars , Strudsholm Erling
Published: December 2017

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De to infinitiver i dansk: Et proklitisk paradigme
Authors: Nielsen Peter Juul
Published: December 2017

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Bevægelsesverber i et historisk og i et typologisk perspektiv
Authors: Schøsler Lene
Published: December 2017

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Grammatikkens tre ansigter: input, output og intake
Authors: Durst-Andersen Per
Published: December 2017

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Antagelser om fokus - skitse til et forskningsprojekt
Authors: Jensen Eva Skafte
Published: December 2017

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Ordstilling i ledsætninger i moderne dansk talesprog
Authors: Jensen Torben Juel
Published: December 2017

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Problemer og udveje i dansk ledsætningsklassifikation
Authors: Mortensen Sune Sønderberg
Published: December 2017

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Tysk grammatik
Authors: Jakobsen Lisbeth Falster , Colliander Peter
Published: December 2017

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Upersonlige konstruktioner med 3. person flertal på spansk
Authors: Fernández Susana S.
Published: December 2017

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Ironistik
Authors: Birkelund Merete , Nølke Henning
Published: December 2017

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Sagforhold, propositioner og den danske indikativ
Authors: Boye Kasper
Published: December 2017

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Danske kvantumsgenitivers position i DP-strukturen
Authors: Jensen Per Anker
Published: December 2017

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Sætningsspidsens udfyldning
 – observationer fra et talesprogsmateriale
Authors: Jørgensen Henrik
Published: December 2017

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Hvilken supertype tilhører italiensk?
Authors: Jensen Bente Lihn
Published: December 2017

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Topologisk og kombinatorisk syntaks som alvorligt ment skelnen
Authors: Heltoft Lars
Published: December 2017

Die topologische Tradition nach Paul Diderichsen nimmt unter den dänischen Generativisten eine zweideutige Position ein. In den zahlreichen Artikeln über die Satzklammeranalyse ist der Schluss unweigerlich derselbe: Was das topologische Modell und die topologische Analyse zu leisten hätten, sei schon in den verschiedenen Fassungen der Chomsky- Grammatik geleistet; Satzklammermodelle seien, was Konstituenten, Felder und Plätze betrifft, als Notationsvarianten generativer Konstituentenstrukturen zu betrachten. Gegen diesen Reduktionsversuch richte ich unter der Überschrift “Topologische und kombinatorische Syntax als ernst gemeinter Unterschied” eine sowohl theoretische als empirische Kritik. In einer Analyse der dänischen Prädikativkonstruktion komme ich zu dem Schluss dass die lineare und wohl auch die kategoriale Identifikation von direkten Objekten und Prädikativen in der generativen Grammatik empirisch falsch ist, was seinerseits auch auf ihre theoretischen Grundannahmen zurückzuführen ist. Zweitens erlaubt das topologische Modell im Gegensatz zur generativen Grammatik eine notwendige Differenzierung zwischen klitischen Gliedern ohne und mit Topologie. Sowohl Reflexivpronomina als auch Personalpronomina lehnen sich klitisch an die Nexuskonstituente an; die Personalpronomina sind topologisch relevant, die Reflexivpronomina aber haben keine selbständige Topologie.
Resumptive anaforer. En komparativ undersøgelse af en lidt overset sproglig størrelse
Authors: Korzen Iørn
Published: December 2017

Resumptive anaphors encapsulate and hypostatise a whole text segment. This survey compares and categorises Italian and Danish resumptive anaphors in a comparable subcorpus of the “Europarl Corpus” (political speeches held in the European Parliament). The anaphors are morphologically subdivided in NPs and pro-forms and the NP anaphors are semantically categorised in nominal derivatives and synonyms, generalising NPs, specifying NPs, axiological NPs, and performative NPs. With a pro-form anaphor, a similar categorisation of the anaphorised text segment is conveyed by the co-text, typically the predicate, of the anaphor. Pro-form anaphors are particularly frequent in Danish and NP anaphors in Italian, thus confirming the predominantly verbal style in Scandinavian and nominal style in Romance.
Derfor har vi brug for paradigmer
Authors: Jeppesen Kragh Kirsten , Schøsler Lene
Published: December 2017

Based on previous studies on verbs of perception in French and Italian, this study claims that the notion of paradigm is useful for the understanding of grammatical structure. Our case-study concerns the status of Modern French voir in the paradigms of presentation and of progressivity.
Fra grammatikografi til metainventariografi. Funktionalistisk grammatikformidling af tysk for dansktalende
Authors: Farø Ken
Published: December 2017

In diesem Beitrag wird der Begriff Metagrammatikografie vorgeschlagen und besprochen. Es wird dabei seine Beziehung zur bereits einigermaßen etablierten Metalexikografie diskutiert. Außerdem wird ein potenzieller Oberbegriff für diese Teilbereiche der Theorie der funktionalistischen Sprachbeschreibung vorgeschlagen, nämlich eine Metainventariografie. Sinn dieser zum Teil potenziellen Forschungsbereiche ist es, eine systematische Wissenschaft über die zugangsund überblicksorientierte Beschreibung von Sprachinventaren zu begründen, wovon die Lexik und die Grammatik jeweils nur einen Teil ausmachen. Auf diesem Hintergrund werden zwei Gegenstände exemplarisch untersucht, die sich nicht eindeutig entweder der Lexik oder der Grammatik zuweisen lassen, sondern die dazwischenliegen, und zwar der Bereich der Movierung und der (Trans)Lokation. Damit soll das inventariografische Verfahren demonstriert werden.
Konstituentrækkefølge i engelsk
Authors: Davidsen-Nielsen Niels
Published: December 2017

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Hvilken rolle skal udtryks- og indholdsvalens spille i en grammatik?
Authors: Colliander Peter
Published: December 2017

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Negation i engelsk
Authors: Davidsen-Nielsen Niels
Published: December 2017

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Om NPers denotationsmuligheder
Authors: Sørensen Finn
Published: December 2017

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Adjektivers funktionelt betingede rækkefølge i engelsk
Authors: Bache Carl
Published: December 2017

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Tempus og aspekt i engelsk
Authors: Bache Carl , Davidsen-Nielsen Niels
Published: December 2017

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Om MODALITET
Authors: Jensen Bente Lihn
Published: December 2017

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Kongruens og rektion i tysk
Authors: Colliander Peter
Published: December 2017

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Rumlighed - en mere prominent kategori i tysk end i dansk?
Overvejelser over de tyske akkusativ-dativ-præpositioner
Authors: Colliander Peter
Published: December 2017

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PM og linkninger
Authors: Ettrup Solvej
Published: December 2017

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Anaforer og anaforiske relationer
Authors: Korzen Iørn
Published: December 2017

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Kategorier på tværs
Authors: Bache Carl
Published: December 2017

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Konjunktioner og grammatiske relationer i spansk
med særligt henblik på sideordning-underordningsproblematikken
Authors: Pedersen Johan
Published: December 2017

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Italienske verbalperifraser med stare
Grammatikalisering i synkront og diakront perspektiv
Authors: Strudsholm Erling
Published: December 2017

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Om steder via præpositioner i dansk
Authors: Sørensen Finn
Published: December 2017

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Om klassifikation af ledsætninger
Authors: Therkelsen Rita
Published: December 2017

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Mere om foregrounding og backgrounding
Authors: Jakobsen Lisbeth Falster
Published: December 2017

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