bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Importance of the generic segment of thye plant protection products – the case of the Polish market
Authors: Stajszczak Arkadiusz , Majewski Edward
Published: February 2018

Authors present results of the analysis of developments in the plant protection products industry, with a focus on its generic part. Authors concentrate on long-term changes of prices, volumes and values of generic pesticides launched into the market. There were two strategic groups of producers identified: research and development (R&D) and generic. The analyses conducted prove that there is a relationship between the amount of generic products on the market and their prices. It is also clear that the number of competitors significantly influences the speed and range of price erosion. Used as examples generic plant protection products were placed on the market with an average price 15% lower comparing to branded pesticides.

JEL code: M31
Validação de questionário sobre o nível de satisfação em uma panificação em Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ
Authors: Cavalcante Brenno Rangel , Shimoya Aldo , Ribeiro Kíssila da Conceição
Published: February 2018

O objetivo do trabalho foi validar os itens do questionário para avaliação da satisfação de clientes de uma panificadora de Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ. Com base na literatura, foram selecionados 31 itens, em seis dimensões (atendimento, ambiente interno, ambiente externo, produtos/serviços, compras/pagamentos e marketing) que compuseram o questionário. Os respondentes demonstravam sua opinião quanto à importância dos itens, identificando-os como (1) não essencial, (2) essencial e (NS) não sei. Foi aplicado o método de Lawshe, para identificação dos itens válidos em cada uma das dimensões. Concluiu-se que o item “Preço” na dimensão “Compras/Pagamentos” foi considerado o mais crítico.
Dimensionamento da carga térmica de resfriamento de ambientes como estratégia para melhoria da eficiência energética em instituições de ensino
Authors: Inácio William dos Santos , Erthal Junior Milton
Published: February 2018

A proposta deste trabalho consiste em avaliar se os aparelhos de ar condicionado (AAC), atualmente utilizados em uma instituição de ensino, são adequados na promoção de conforto térmico para os usuários das salas de aula, e em realizar um redimensionamento da carga térmica com base nas normas da ABNT 5858:1983 e 16401-1:2008. Constatou-se que nenhuma sala possui um AAC apropriado para a carga térmica calculada. Em 7 salas a carga térmica calculada foi maior pela NBR 16401-1:2008. Como a carga térmica média calculada para as salas é de, aproximadamente, 32.523 BTU, sugere-se a utilização dos AAC de 30.000 BTU (classificação energética A).
Demanda energética de picadora de forragens no processamento de capim-elefante
Authors: Correa Junior Delorme , Vilas Boas Lidiane do Amaral , Volpato Carlos Eduardo Silva
Published: February 2018

Objetivou-se, com o presente trabalho, determinar a demanda energética e a qualidade do material picado de uma picadora de forragens estacionária, alimentada com motor diesel e elétrico, em função do estado de afiação das facas, tamanho de corte e da alimentação dela. Seguiu-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 5 repetições. Observou-se que a utilização da faca cega apresentou maiores valores de demanda de potência e de consumo específico e menores valores de capacidade de produção, além de apresentar qualidade de corte inferior ao corte realizado com a faca nova. Conclui-se que o motor elétrico foi o que apresentou maior capacidade de produção e menor consumo de energia e, além disso, demonstrou-se que o afiamento de faca pode atingir o melhor desempenho da picadora.
Gestão e Conselhos Escolares: democracia como processo dinâmico e em permanente movimento
Authors: Amaral Arildo dos Santos
Published: February 2018

Esta pesquisa se propõe a analisar a política de gestão democrática na escola pública e seu funcionamento vinculado às configurações sociais, econômicas, políticas e culturais do Brasil Contemporâneo. Aponta para a confluência entre o projeto participatório/democratizante e o processo de adequação estrutural. Tem o propósito de compartilhar com as comunidades científica e escolar algumas reflexões e conclusões sobre os mecanismos de democratização da escola pública, exercidos pelo Conselho Escolar, em tempos de ajuste neoliberal, bem como identificar os avanços, limites e possibilidades dessa caminhada que contou com a efetiva participação de representantes dos segmentos da comunidade escolar.
Características psicométricas de la escala de seguridad alimentaria ELCSA aplicada en Colombia, Guatemala y México.
Authors: Melgar-Quiñonez Hugo , Uribe Martha Cecilia Alvarez , Centeno Zulma Yanira Fonseca , Bermúdez Odilia , Fulladolsa Patricia Palma de , Fulladolsa Angel , Parás Pablo , Perez- Escamilla Rafael
Published: February 2018

La inseguridad alimentaria es un fenómeno que afecta a millones de hogares en América Latina. Herramientas válidas y confiables para su medición son esenciales para la mejor focalización de los programas abocados a este problema. La Escala Latinoamericana y del Caribe de Seguridad Alimentaria (ELCSA) ha sido propuesta como instrumento regional y fue recientemente aplicada en Colombia, Guatemala y México. Este estudio evalúa las características psicométricas del instrumento y estima el grado de similitude entre esas mediciones. Inicialmente, se determinó que 15 ítems tuvieron contenidos equivalentes en los tres países. Al aplicarle el modelo matemático de Rasch, ELCSA mostró buen ajuste a ese modelo y un comportamiento consistente con el marco conceptual subyacente. Sin embargo, entre Guatemala y México se detectaron diferencias mayores a 1,0 lógitos en cuatro ítems, de los cuales uno solo presentó una diferencia cercana a 2 lógitos. Al omitir este ítem de subsiguientes análisis se atenuaron las diferencias en los otros ítems. Variaciones en el lenguaje, así como en el diseño de las muestras analizadas explicarían en parte los resultados de este estudio. A pesar de las diferencias detectadas, ELCSA parece medir de manera similar la experiencia de los hogares que confrontan situaciones de inseguridad alimentaria.
Percepções e práticas dos diretores e coordenadores acerca da alimentação infantil em creches públicas do município de Jandira, São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Marinho Fernanda Christina Moreira , Assao Tatiana Yuri , Cervato-Mancuso Ana Maria
Published: February 2018

A creche tem importante função de promover alimentação saudável, já que é nos primeiros anos de vida que a criança estabelece seus hábitos alimentares. Este estudo examina as práticas e percepções dos gestores de creches sobre alimentação saudável para crianças. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 11 gestores de creches de Jandira, SP. A análise foi elaborada pela metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) e pelo software Quali Quanti Soft. Os gestores citaram alguns itens que compõem uma alimentação saudável, mas não foram contemplados itens como ambientes das refeições e satisfação das necessidades emocionais. Observou-se também uma lacuna entre aqueles que cuidam da alimentação e educadores. Verifica-se a necessidade de ampliar a abordagem do tema alimentação entre os profissionais do ensino. É preciso que ocorra uma aproximação entre educadores e os profissionais da alimentação, para que eles se tornem promotores de hábitos alimentares saudáveis.
Assessment of the gluten content in gluten-free labeled foods: comparison of two gluten detection methods
Authors: Laureano Álvaro Macedo , Silveira Themis Reverbel da
Published: February 2018

This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of the R5-ELISA and immunochromatographic assays in detecting gluten in foods labeled gluten-free and to determine if the immunochromatographic method is a sensitive and reliable method for detecting gluten at safe levels for celiac patients. We analyzed seventy different commercially foods available in Brazil, labeled “gluten-free”. Gluten was extracted by ethanol precipitation and, subsequently, analyzed using a commercial immunochromatographic test and ELISA kit, both based in a monoclonal antibody. The analysis of sensitivity and specificity was made using the kappa coefficient. More than a quarter of the samples (28.6%) analyzed by ELISA contained levels of gluten greater than 5 mg/kg. Almost half of these (12.9%) exhibited levels that exceeded 20 mg/kg, the maximum gluten level recommended by the Codex Alimentarius for a naturally gluten-free product. We found 27.1% of the samples tested positive in the immunochromatographic test. There was no statistically significant difference between the results of the ELISA (detection value ≥ 5 mg/kg) and the immunochromatographic test. Comparing the ELISA (≥ 5 mg/kg) and immunochromatographic test, we obtained 90% sensitivity and 98% specificity (Kappa of 0.89). We found gluten in a high proportion of the samples tested using both methods. In this study we also demonstrate that the immunochromatographic method is nearly as sensitive as the ELISA in detecting gluten levels and thus may serve as an inexpensive and rapid alternative to the R5-ELISA screening test.
Segurança alimentar e nutricional na região centro-oeste: particularidades e contrastes
Authors: Tinoco Sarah Guerra Gama , Mendes Juliana Frossard Ribeiro , Figueiredo Aline Cristino , Costa Ana Paula Rezende , Leão Marília Mendonça , Santos Leonor Maria Pacheco
Published: February 2018

Trata-se de um estudo descritivo baseado em dados secundários que analisou a situação de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN) no Centro-Oeste (CO), a partir de indicadores da Matriz de monitoramento proposta pelo Conselho Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional. Verificou-se que a região apresenta a maior produção de soja e carne bovina do país e a maior porcentagem de gastos com alimentação total. Em contraste, possui a maior concentração de renda, a menor disponibilidade de calorias do país e baixa aquisição de frutas e hortaliças. Para algumas culturas de frutas e vegetais registrou-se maior percentual de amostras contaminadas por agrotóxicos na Região CO, comparado à situação nacional. Para ambos os sexos a prevalência de déficit de peso em adultos foi maior se comparada à média do país; para o sexo masculino constatou-se maior prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade e para as mulheres, uma menor prevalência, em comparação aos dados nacionais. Indicadores de baixo peso ao nascer, mortalidade infantil, aleitamento materno e acesso ao pré-natal foram melhores do que os do Brasil. Apesar do CO ocupar posição de liderança na produção agropecuária, é uma região de contrastes marcantes e muitos indicadores apontaram para situações que podem acarretar insegurança alimentar e nutricional.
Fatores antinutricionais em alimentos: revisão
Authors: Benevides Clícia Maria de Jesus , Souza Mariana Vasconcelos , Souza Raquel Dias Barros , Lopes Mariângela Vieira
Published: February 2018

Os alimentos, além de apresentarem substâncias nutritivas essenciais para o desenvolvimento do organismo, podem também conter uma variedade de fatores antinutricionais, como os inibidores de proteínas, oxalatos, taninos, nitritos, dentre outros, assim denominados, devido ao fato de interferirem na absorção de nutrientes, podendo acarretar danos à saúde quando ingeridos em altas quantidades. Assim, esse artigo tem como objetivo discutir as possíveis consequências dos fatores antinutricionais em alimentos, assim como os efeitos do processamento sobre essas substâncias e apresentar estudos biológicos sobre os mesmos.
Própolis e Segurança Alimentar
Authors: Lacerda Risia Cristina Coelho , Tiveron Ana Paula , Alencar Severino Matias de
Published: February 2018

A própolis é um material resinoso coletado de plantas e cascas de árvores pelas abelhas Apis mellifera, é dotada de substâncias biologicamente ativas com propriedades antioxidantes, anti-inflamatória, antitumoral e antimicrobiana. O objetivo desse trabalho consistiu em avaliar a segurança alimentar do uso da própolis na prevenção e no tratamento de doenças. O levantamento da literatura estudada foi feito de modo a abordar a relevância das propriedades terapêuticas da própolis através dos vários estudos científicos bem como possíveis efeitos colaterais pelo uso indiscriminado, podendo resultar em reações alérgicas graves. Desta forma, se faz necessário a discussão do tema por corroborar com a saúde pública.
Hard Coating is Because of Oppositely Worked Force-Energy Behaviors of Atoms
Authors: Ali Mubarak , Hamzah Esah , Radzi Mohd Toff Mohd
Published: February 2018

Coatings of specific materials in few atoms of thickness to several microns on certain substrate is the basic need of society and they attend the regular attention of scientific community working in different domains; decorative and protective coatings, transparent and insulating coatings, coating medical implants and surgical instruments, coatings for drug delivery and security purposes, ultra-precision machine coatings, coating cutting tools, coatings for MEMS and NEMS, and so on. Different coatings develop under significant composition of atoms where certain force-energy behaviors provide the provision for electrons (of gas atoms) to deal double clamping of energy knots of unfilled states (of solid atoms). Under certain process conditions, different nature atoms oppositely-switch force-energy behaviors to the ones originally owned where they locate common mid-points of their ground points at accommodating level resulting into deal binding. Because of adjusting contraction-expansion of clamping energy knots under varying potential energy of electrons, they develop structure of their atoms termed as hard coating, which is known since antiquity. Different properties and characteristics of hard coatings like hardness, adhesion, roughness and friction coefficient, etc. are emerged under attained mid-points of transformed atoms in evolving structure. This work describes the science of depositing hard coating opening several new areas. Keywords: Hard coating; TiN; Atomic nature; Expansion and contraction of clamping energy knot; Potential energy of electron; Ground point; Structure evolution
Cross-Cultural Dialogues in the Translations of William Shakespeare’s Sonnets into Lithuanian by Sigitas Geda
Authors: PABARČIENĖ Reda , VELIČKIENĖ Deimantė
Published: February 2018

The whole cycle of William Shakespeare’s sonnets was translated into Lithuanian at different periods by four poet-translators: in emigration (USA) by Alfonsas Šešplaukis-Tyruolis (1964), in Soviet Lithuania by Aleksys Churginas (1965), and after the restoration of Independence in Lithuania, translations done by Sigitas Geda (2009) and Tautvyda Marcinkevičiūtė (2011) came out of print. This article focuses on the sonnet translations done by the most famous poet Geda (an in-depth analysis of Sonnets 18, 72 and 116 is offered) and it concentrates on the issues of Shakespearean realia, popular cultural images as well as on the selection, transfer, transformation and representation of typical poetic elements. In his sonnet translations, Geda generally retained their structure, their syntactic and semantic nucleus – mainly, by means of extended metaphor and antithesis; although some failure in rendering the poetics of the original and, consequently, loss of meaning are noticeable. His translations demonstrate a rather improvised and inconsistent conveyance of historic cultural signs. It might be the case that Geda did not feel obliged to retain the dignified image of Shakespearean times and the Renaissance era at large, and he obviously favoured his own culture. When rendering the historic context of sonnets, he made them somewhat archaic-like by using down-to-earth language; thus making the sonnets sound more local and giving them folk-like characteristics, by emphasizing the lower register of their contrastive style. In this way, he did not attempt at competing with the translations done by Churginas that were dominant in Soviet times and still remain popular in the present day but he rather tried to bridge the gap between the ‘high’ culture of English Renaissance and the ‘low’ Lithuanian culture.
POPE, Alexander. Ensayo sobre el hombre y otros escritos. Antonio Lastra (ed., trad.), Ángeles García Calderón (trad.) Madrid: Cátedra. 2017. ISBN: 978-84-376-3711-2. 322 páginas.
Authors: SÁNCHEZ JIMÉNEZ Emilia María
Published: February 2018

La presente obra titulada Ensayo sobre el hombre y otros escritos, publicada este año 2017 por la Editorial Cátedra, es el resultado de la labor de traducción e investigación llevada a cabo conjuntamente por Antonio Lastra y Ángeles García Calderón. Dicha obra nos permitirá conocer a uno de los autores ingleses más destacados del siglo XVII, Alexander Pope, que fue un gran factótum en la pervivencia del mundo clásico en la literatura inglesa. El autor es, como regla general, un gran desconocido para el lector hispano.
La terminología vitivinícola en The Winemaker y su traducción al español y al alemán
Authors: CASTILLO BERNAL Pilar
Published: February 2018

El presente trabajo se centra en la novela La bodega, del autor estadounidense Noah Gordon, más conocido por el éxito de su obra El médico. El interés de los lectores alemanes y españoles por Gordon justifica la elección de una novela ambientada en el siglo XIX en los viñedos catalanes. El objeto principal de nuestro análisis es el lenguaje especializado de la vid y el vino y la traducción del mismo. Para llevarlo a cabo, se ha realizado una extracción terminológica en las versiones inglesa, alemana y española de la novela. Los términos y fragmentos extraídos se presentan clasificados por campo temático, categoría gramatical y repercusión en la novela. Del mismo modo, los paratextos publicados con la misma se han estudiado para completar un estudio anterior sobre este mismo objeto.
PLE & PLN for language learning and teaching: a case study
Authors: Cinganotto Letizia , Cuccurullo Daniela
Published: February 2018

Recent developments in learning technologies are creating a significant shift in the educational experience. The paper aims at exploring the potential of PLEs (Personal Learning Environments) and PLNs (Personal Learning Networks) through the description of a case study relating to an online training initiative: an innovative answer to the “lifelong competency” management approach to language teaching. The case study refers to an online international initiative promoted in 2012 addressed to teachers, trainers and educators from all over the world, passionate about language learning with the use of technologies.The authors of this contribution planned and moderated a five-week training session within “EVO 2012” (Electronic Village Online), offering a free opportunity to discuss and share ideas, practices, experience through a Moodle platform, in synch meetings with international experts and asynchronous working tools.The main aim was to promote greater awareness of this topic, guiding teachers and trainers to the effective exploitation of the potential of PLE and PLN in EFL classes.
A TEACHER’S DECISION-MAKING PROCESS IN AN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL EFL EDUCATION
Authors: OSADA ERI
Published: February 2018

Este estudio de casos investiga el proceso de toma de decisiones de un docente de inglés como lengua extranjera (EFL) en una escuela de educación primaria en Japón. El participante era un profesor masculino que rondaba los cuarenta años (y solía trabajar en el extranjero, por lo que tenía experiencia internacional) con poca experiencia en la enseñanza del inglés. En 2011 tuvo la oportunidad de enseñar en la universidad durante un año, al tiempo que impartía clases experimentales de inglés en una escuela de primaria. El investigador observó las cuatro clases que impartió con un profesor nativo de inglés, tomó notas y se establecieron debates con el docente antes y después de dichas clases. Las clases, así como estos debates, se grabaron digitalmente. Los datos de la observación fueron transcritos y analizados con referencia a las planificaciones de aula originales, los datos del debate y las notas de campo. Los resultados mostraron que algunos factores, como por ejemplo el nivel de perfeccionamiento inadecuado en inglés, tenían cierto impacto en sus decisiones de planificación para subsiguientes clases, y que su decisión sobre la cantidad deseada de uso de la lengua meta estaba influenciada por sus creencias sobre la educación en lengua japonesa, que es su especialidad.
FOSTERING LMD ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS’ SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES AS A WAY TO FACE NEW CHALLENGES IN EDUCATION
Authors: KIES MOHAMED
Published: February 2018

Asistimos hoy día a un un debate creciente sobre la necesidad e importancia de incorporar lo que frecuentemente denominamos Habilidades y Competencias del Siglo Veintiuno, que son aptitudes y habilidades cuyo desarrollo se requiere en diferentes situaciones de aprendizaje. Desde luego, son requisitos necesarios para la empleabilidad y se contemplan como componentes esenciales que completan y refuerzan habilidades académicas básicas y tradicionales. Por ejemplo, la planificación y el establecimiento de objetivos la colaboración y la comunicación, la persistencia, la flexibilidad y la toma de iniciativas contribuirían al éxito académico del alumnado, en sus orientaciones profesionales e, incluso, socialmente. Fomentar las habilidades y las competencias, sin duda, contribuiría a hacer que nuestro alumnado manejase el conocimiento de una manera más efectiva, reflexiva y productiva.
HOW COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFORMS WRITING PERFORMANCE: AN INTEGRATION OF THE PROCESS/GENRE APPROACH AND BLOGS IN EFL WRITING COURSES
Authors: CHANG WEI-YU , SZANAJDA ANDREW
Published: February 2018

This quasi-experimental research examined the effects of the process/genre approach (PGA) with the integration of blogs in EFL university-level students’ writing classrooms. This was a mixed-method study in which the participants’ essays and adopted questionnaires contributed to accumulating quantitative data while the interviews and observations provided qualitative data. The study took place over ten weeks at a university in central Taiwan in which paper-pencil instruction was applied in the control group, while blog instruction was employed for the experimental group.
The students’ essays were computed by applying a paired-sample t-test, and the questionnaires were analysed by applying a Wilcoxon signed-rank test to determine whether there were any statistically significant differences in terms of the students’ writing performance and perceptions toward the PGA and blog writing after comparing the results of the pre-test and the post-test. The qualitative data was analysed to provide in-depth evidence to support the quantitative results.
After the data analysis was completed, the paired-sample t-test demonstrated that there were significant differences in terms of the students’ writing performance in both groups, which demonstrates how the PGA developed the EFL university students’ writing performance. Because the students had more interactive opportunities to be exposed to the language inputs, this approach facilitated their English writing performance. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test presented that the students revealed positive attitudes toward writing blogs and also positive affections toward blog writing because they had higher levels of satisfaction and lower levels of apprehension when blogging. Moreover, there was a significant difference in terms of the factor of “learning with peers” in the control group since the PGA provided more interactive and communicative opportunities. The students also indicated greater understanding about their writing samples in the experimental group, since they were allowed to refer to the instructional contents on the blogs anytime and anywhere.
LA RADIO BILINGÜE EN EL ENTORNO UNIVERSITARIO: DISEÑO Y PASOS PARA SU IMPLEMENTACIÓN
Authors: HAMES GÓMEZ ISABEL MARÍA
Published: February 2018

El objetivo principal de este artículo de innovación educativa es describir el diseño y los pasos para la implementación de un recurso didáctico de índole fundamentalmente motivadora en el que el alumnado pueda aprender de forma significativa, integrando su lengua materna y una segunda lengua. Se trata, pues, del diseño de una radio universitaria bilingüe en la que el propio alumnado tendrá la oportunidad de crear sus programas con la ayuda del profesorado coordinador. El diseño de este proyecto es fundamentalmente inclusivo porque se dirige a toda la comunidad educativa (que podrá participar en el mismo siempre que lo desee). El objetivo final es que el alumnado no solo practique sus destrezas orales (tanto en inglés como en español), sino que obtenga conocimientos sobre distintos temas, bien de interés público, o relacionados con su ámbito profesional, además de que pueda desarrollar su pensamiento crítico al participar en las distintas secciones del programa. Concluiremos que la implementación, por tanto, de un proyecto de estas características es un proceso enriquecedor para toda la comunidad universitaria, incluso para el resto de alumnado y profesorado que, aunque no participe directamente en el mismo, puede aprender y motivarse a participar en él.
CREENCIAS SOBRE LOS PROCESOS EDUCATIVOS EN LA FORMACIÓN INICIAL DEL PROFESORADO DE ENSEÑANZA SECUNDARIA DEL ÁREA DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA: DISEÑO Y CARACTERÍSTICAS DE UN CUESTIONARIO
Authors: PONTES PEDRAJAS ALFONSO , POYATO LÓPEZ FRANCISCO JOSÉ , OLIVA MARTÍNEZ JOSÉ MARÍA
Published: February 2018

Importantes investigaciones han demostrado que las creencias e ideas implícitas sobre la educación influyen en la práctica educativa del profesorado. Por ello, durante tres cursos académicos, hemos realizado un estudio destinado a explorar diversos aspectos del pensamiento inicial docente sobre la educación científica, en el que han participado 188 estudiantes del Máster de Formación del Profesorado de Educación Secundaria. Con este fin se ha diseñado un cuestionario de escala Likert, integrado por diversos ítems sobre los procesos de aprendizaje, enseñanza y evaluación de las ciencias, que ha permitido recoger numerosos datos sobre la visión global de la educación científica mostrada por los futuros docentes de enseñanza secundaria. En este trabajo pretendemos analizar las principales características del citado cuestionario, demostrando que posee la suficiente fiabilidad y consistencia como instrumento de investigación y, por tanto, puede ser útil para explorar las ideas de los futuros profesores de ciencia y tecnología sobre procesos educativos relacionados con la actividad docente.
L’INTERCULTURALISATION DES PARCOURS PROFESSIONNELS COMME PROCESSUS D’INCARNATION DE L'EDUCATION INTERCULTURELLE. L’EXEMPLE DU TRANSATLANTIC EDUCATORS DIALOGUE
Authors: FRESSE FABRICE , MORGAN LUCINDA
Published: February 2018

Spearheaded by the European Union Center of the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign and financed by the European Commission through the allocation of the Get to Know Europe (G.T.K.E.) grant, the Transatlantic Educators Dialogue (T.E.D) promotes educational and public diplomacy as well as transatlantic cooperation as means to explore challenges facing our educational systems in a context of international assessments, growing mobility and tensions across the globe. Intercultural in its core and conception, T.E.D. is an innovative online program for educational experts in the European Union and in the United States of America to come together for a shared examination of a variety of transversal topics, such as immigration, religion in education, active teaching methods and issues related to identity and difference. This article is based on the premise that one of the ways to develop intercultural education and global skills is to invest in the development of inclusive and intercultural networks of educational expertise.
EDUCATION ET DÉMOCRACIE
Authors: HUGONNIER BERNARD
Published: February 2018

Cet article s’adresse à trois questions : quelle est la relation précise entre démocratie et éducation dans les temps présents ? Que nous apprennent les résultats de la dernière enquête internationale PISA sur la situation de la démocratie dans les pays les plus avancés (soit l’Occident) ? Enfin, que nous révèlent les récents résultats des élections aux Etats-Unis, de nouveau, sur la situation de la démocratie mais aussi sur les besoins en termes d’éducation ? L’analyse montre que, dans un temps où les économies sont mondialisées, et à l’ère de l’économie de la connaissance et du numérique, il faut repenser le rôle que doit jouer l’éducation vis-à-vis de la démocratie. L’analyse montre aussi qu’il y a un risque de recul de la démocratie dans les pays occidentaux dû à l’augmentation du nombre de jeunes ayant une très faible éducation et à une diminution de ceux en ayant une excellente (c’est-à-dire l’élite). Enfin, le papier établit que face à une montée du nationalisme et d’un certain totalitarisme (notamment aux Etats-Unis), élever le niveau d’éducation de la population est certainement la meilleure réponse à apporter.
LA SEGUNDA GENERACIÓN DE LEYES AUTONÓMICAS DE TURISMO. (UN ANÁLISIS A PARTIR DE LA LEY 13/2011, DE 23 DE DICIEMBRE, DE TURISMO DE ANDALUCÍA)
Authors: BOUAZZA ARIÑO OMAR
Published: February 2018

El autor analiza críticamente el contexto, objeto, principios y conceptos de lo que denomina segunda generación de leyes autonómicas de turismo a partir de la Ley de Turismo de Andalucía.
LA MEDIACIÓN COMO INSTRUMENTO PARA LA RESOLUCIÓN EXTRAJUDICIAL DE CONFLICTOS DE CONSUMO EN EL ÁMBITO TURÍSTICO
Authors: ROMÁN MÁRQUEZ ALEJANDRO
Published: February 2018

Las técnicas extrajudiciales de resolución de conflictos están popularizándose en los últimos años en diferentes sectores como mecanismos eficaces a la hora de ofrecer una solución económica, rápida y flexible a los problemas de los particulares y, al mismo tiempo, como forma de descargar de trabajo a Jueces y Tribunales. A lo largo de este estudio se expone el régimen jurídico de estos mecanismos, con especial referencia a la mediación, tanto en el ámbito europeo como interno, y centrando el objeto de análisis en los mecanismos de protección de los consumidores y usuarios. Partiendo de esta base, se examinan las circunstancias y problemática particular del sector turístico y se realizan algunas propuestas de mejora en relación a los instrumentos de mediación a disposición del turista para la defensa de sus derechos como consumidor.
Light and Water Use Efficiency as Influenced by Clouds and/or Aerosols in a Rainfed Spring Maize Cropland on the Loess Plateau
Authors: Gao Xiang , Gu Fengxue , Mei Xurong , Hao Weiping , Li Haoru , Gong Daozhi , Li Xiaoli
Published: February 2018

Using the flux data in a rainfed spring maize (Zea mays L.) field on the Loess Plateau during the growth seasons in 2013 and 2014, we analyzed variation in light use efficiency (LUE) and water use efficiency (WUE) in relation to clouds and/or aerosols. The peak values of monthly average diurnal LUE and WUE were found at sunset and at ∼7:00 AM, respectively. During the period of rapid growth, LUE and WUE decreased linearly with increasing clearness index (Kt). Total photosynthetically active radiation (PARt) and evapotranspiration (ET) increased linearly with increasing Kt. Gross primary productivity (GPP) increased rapidly with increasing Kt when Kt < 0.4 but was less responsive to Kt when Kt > 0.4. The slope of the linear equation between ET and available energy was 0.33 kg H2O m−2 d−1 in both years, and the slope of the linear equation between GPP and diffuse PAR (PARf) was 0.86 and 0.83 g C m−2 d−1 in 2013 and 2014, respectively. However, GPP only increased sharply with increasing direct PAR (PARr) when PARr < 5 mol PARr m−2 d−1. When Kt decreased, the ratio of PARf to PARt increased, producing a more uniform irradiance of the canopy and resulting in increases in LUE and WUE. These findings highlight the fact that clouds and/or aerosols have important effects on the carbon and water cycle in rainfed spring maize fields on the Loess Plateau.
TÜRKİYE VE FRANSA’DA 1968: FRANSA’DAKİ MAYIS AYAKLANMASINI BAŞLATAN ÖĞRENCİ HAREKETİNDEN FARKLI YÖNLERİYLE TÜRKİYE’DE SOSYALİST ÖĞRENCİ HAREKETİ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Emine
Published: February 2018

Bu çalışma,
1960’ların sonlarında Türkiye’nin siyasal ve toplumsal hayatında önemli bir
yeri bulunan sosyalist öğrenci hareketinin, Fransa’daki Mayıs ‘68 ayaklanmasını
başlatan öğrenci hareketinden farklı yönlerini ortaya koymayı hedefleyen bir
karşılaştırma denemesidir. Bu iki ülkedeki öğrenci hareketlerinin tarihsel
nedenleri ve hedefleri üzerinde durulduğunda görülmektedir ki, Türkiye’deki
öğrenci hareketinde Fransa’daki öğrenci hareketinde olduğu gibi devlete ve
topluma karşı kategorik bir karşıtlık yoktur. Fransız öğrenciler burjuva
devletine ve tüketim toplumuna başkaldırırken, Türk öğrenciler ülkenin
sorunlarını emperyalizme ve azgelişmişliğe bağlamaktadır. Ayrıca, Türk
öğrenciler, Fransız öğrencilerden farklı olarak, yeni tanıştığı
Marksist-Leninist teoriden beslenmekte, karşı-kültür akımları ve Marksizme
eleştirel yaklaşan teorilerden etkilenmemekte, aksine bu tür yaklaşımlara karşı
olumsuz bir tavır geliştirmektedir. Öğrenci hareketlerinin Fransa’da Mayıs ‘68
süresince hayatı felç eden genel grev ve Türkiye’de yeni gelişmekte olan işçi
hareketiyle ilişkisi üzerinde de durulmuş ve Türkiye’de Fransa’daki kadar güçlü
bir işçi hareketi bulunmadığı için öğrencilerin genç aydınlar olarak,
kendilerini işçilere sınıf bilinci kazanmaları ve örgütlenmeleri için yardımcı
olmakla yükümlü gördüğü ortaya konmuştur.
Ceramic microfiltration; a novel and compact process for the treatment of surface water
Authors: Rockey C. , Metcalfe D. C. , Galjaard G. , Shorney-Darby H. , Zheng J.
Published: February 2018

In-line coagulation adsorption (ILCA) followed by ceramic microfiltration (CMF) was tested at pilot scale and compared to a full scale traditional process consisting of coagulation and dissolved air flotation (DAF) followed by rapid gravity sand filtration (RGF), for treating a reservoir water source which is prone to high concentrations of algae. The ILCA CMF process was shown to remove 10–16% more dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and reduced disinfection by-product formation potential (DBPFP) by 9–13% in comparison to conventional treatment (optimised coagulation). ILCA effectively controlled membrane fouling allowing the ceramic membranes to be operated at high flux (200 l/m2h) with low membrane fouling (0.9–1.9 kPa/day). A process comprising ILCA and direct ceramic microfiltration was shown to provide very stable treated water quality under a range of challenging conditions. Additionally, the process is more compact showing significant reductions (circa 60%) in footprint relative to a conventional DAF/RGF process.
A survey of crop-derived transgenes in activated and digester sludges in wastewater treatment plants in the United States
Authors: Gardner Courtney M. , Gwin Carley A. , Gunsch Claudia K.
Published: February 2018

The use of transgenic crops has become increasingly common in the United States over the last several decades. Increasing evidence suggests that DNA may be protected from enzymatic digestion and acid hydrolysis in the digestive tract, suggesting that crop-derived transgenes may enter into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) intact. Given the historical use of antibiotic resistance genes as selection markers in transgenic crop development, it is important to consider the fate of these transgenes. Herein we detected and quantified crop-derived transgenes in WWTPs. All viable US WWTP samples were found to contain multiple gene targets (p35, nos, bla and nptII) at significantly higher levels than control samples. Control wastewater samples obtained from France, where transgenic crops are not cultivated, contained significantly fewer copies of the nptII gene than US activated and digester sludges. No significant differences were measured for the bla antibiotic resistance gene (ARG). In addition, a nested PCR (polymerase chain reaction) assay was developed that targeted the bla ARG located in regions flanked by the p35 promoter and nos terminator. Overall this work suggests that transgenic crops may have provided an environmental source of nptII; however, follow-up studies are needed to ascertain the viability of these genes as they exit WWTPs.
Role of Diet in Influencing Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity
Authors: Badsha Humeira
Published: February 2018

Background:

Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) frequently ask their doctors about which diets to follow, and even in the absence of advice from their physicians, many patients are undertaking various dietary interventions.

Discussion:

However, the role of dietary modifications in RA is not well understood. Several studies have tried to address these gaps in our understanding. Intestinal microbial modifications are being studied for the prevention and management of RA. Some benefits of vegan diet may be explained by antioxidant constituents, lactobacilli and fibre, and by potential changes in intestinal flora. Similarly, Mediterranean diet shows anti-inflammatory effects due to protective properties of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamins, but also by influencing the gut microbiome. Gluten-free and elemental diets have been associated with some benefits in RA though the existing evidence is limited. Long-term intake of fish and other sources of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are protective for development of RA. The benefits of fasting, anti-oxidant supplementation, flavanoids, and probiotics in RA are not clear. Vitamin D has been shown to influence autoimmunity and specifically decrease RA disease activity. The role of supplements such as fish oils and vitamin D should be explored in future trials to gain new insights in disease pathogenesis and develop RA-specific dietary recommendations.

Conclusion:

Specifically more research is needed to explore the association of diet and the gut microbiome and how this can influence RA disease activity.
Exploring Receipt of HIV PEP Counseling Among Women Sexually Assaulted by an Intimate Partner
Authors: Du Mont Janice , Van Lily , Kosa Daisy , Macdonald Sheila
Published: February 2018

Among 136 women sexually assaulted by a current or former male intimate partner presenting to hospital-based violence treatment centers, 58 (42.6%) received HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (HIV PEP) counseling by a specially trained sexual assault nurse. We identified factors that were associated with receipt of HIV PEP counseling. Those who received counseling were more likely to have been younger than 25 years of age, single, a student, vaginally penetrated, and have received various other services (e.g., STI prophylaxis). They were less likely to have been unemployed. Hospital-based violence treatment centers need to be aware that not all women sexually assaulted by an intimate partner will have the same risk of acquisition of HIV and care needs.
Scoping Review of Dance for Adults With Fibromyalgia: What Do We Know About It? (Preprint)
Authors: Bidonde Julia , Boden Catherine , Kim Soo , Busch Angela J , Goes Suelen M , Knight Emily
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread muscular tenderness, pain, fatigue, and cognitive difficulties. Nonpharmacological treatment options, such as physical activity, are important for people with fibromyalgia. There are strong recommendations to support engagement in physical activity for symptom management among adults with fibromyalgia. Dance is a mode of physical activity that may allow individuals with fibromyalgia to improve their physical function, health, and well-being. Dance has the potential to promote improved pain processing while simultaneously providing the health and social benefits of engaging in physical activity that contributes to symptom management and overall function rehabilitation. However, we are unaware of current evidence on dance as a nonpharmacological/physical activity intervention for adults with fibromyalgia.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study were to understand how dance is used therapeutically by individuals with fibromyalgia; to examine the extent, range and nature of research activity in the area; and to determine the value of undertaking a systematic review of interventions.

METHODS

We used and adapted the Arksey and O’Malley scoping framework. The search strategy involved a comprehensive search of main health and electronic social databases, trial registries and grey literature without language limits. Pairs of reviewers independently screened and extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of randomized control trials.

RESULTS

Twenty-one unique records for 13 studies met inclusion criteria; the studies included mostly middle-aged women. Types of dance included were aerobic dance, belly dance, dance movement therapy, biodanza and Zumba. Intervention parameters were different among studies. Frequency varied between one to three times a week; all were done in small group settings. Studies evaluated a variety of outcomes in the symptoms, wellness, psychosocial, physical functioning, balance and fitness categories; no studies evaluated the safety or adverse events systematically which is a major weakness of the literature.

CONCLUSIONS

There are few studies in the field of dance and fibromyalgia, suggesting research is in its infancy but slowly growing. They are of European and South American origin, focusing on female participants and a limited number of dance modes. Because the body of literature is small, of low quality and highly heterogeneous, we concluded that a systematic review of interventions on dance is not warranted at this time.
Kata Pengantar Jurnal Sospol Vol. 2, No. 1, Juli - Desember 2016
Authors: Pengantar Kata
Published: February 2018

Kata PengantarJurnal Sosial dan Politik Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM) merupakan sebuah wadah akademik untuk menggali pengetahuan dan diskusi publik tentang fenomena domestik maupun internasional yang berdampak terhadap situasi dan kondisi di Indonesia. Jurnal Sospol UMM berada di bawah pengelolaan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik (FISIP) yang bertujuan memberikan referensi ilmiah maupun praktis bagi para akademisi dan pembuat kebijakan yang berhubungan dengan masalah dan kajian ilmu sosial-politik. Jurnal Sospol terbit dua kali setahun (volume) dengan periode Juli-Desember untuk edisi 1 dan Januari-Juni untuk edisi 2.Pembahasan dalam jurnal Sospol UMM berupaya dikemas dengan topik-topik yang menarik seputar isu-isu kebijakan pemerintahan, model dan tantangan pembangunan, interaksi kemanusiaan, dinamika sosial-budaya, media-komunikasi, dan masalah-masalah politik-ekonomi serta isu-isu politik kontemporer. Kami berharap Jurnal Sospol UMM menjadi salah satu kontributor dalam kemajuan pembangunan Indonesia melalui sumbangsih pengetahuan dan penelitian dari para akademisi serta praktisi baik berasal dari dalam maupun luar negeri.Malang, 2016Salam,Redaksi
Regionalisme dan Kompleksitas Laut China Selatan
Authors: Maksum Ali
Published: February 2018

Abstrak Hubungan antara regionalisme dan kompleksitas Laut China Selatan (LCS) jelas penting untuk diteliti lebih lanjut. Hal ini karena dampak dari sengketa LCS jelas berpengaruh terhadap stabilitas politik dan keamanan di Asia Tenggara. Tujuan utama artikel ini adalah untuk memahami konflik, latar belakang dan dampak dari sengketa LCS di negara-negara kawasan tersebut. Artikel ini dibagi menjadi enam bagian yaitu regionalisme dan LCS, sejarah konflik LCS, profil negara pengklaim, regionalisme dan solusi perdamaian, LCS dan keamanan regional dan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini juga dilengkapi dengan beberapa visualisasi untuk mengajak pembaca dalam sebuah imajinasi mendalam tentang LCS. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa regionalisme Asia Tenggara menghadapi tantangan serius di tengah ancaman China yang berhasil mengambil keuntungan dari lemahnya multilateral ASEAN terkait masalah tersebut.Kata kunci: keamanan, konflik, Laut China Selatan, regionalisme,Abstract The relationship between regionalism and the complexity of the South China Sea (SCS) issues is obviously critical to be examined. This is because the impact of the SCS disputes are clearly influence to the political and security stability in Southeast Asia. The primary objective of this article is to understand the conflicts, background and impact of the SCS disputes on the regional member states. This article is divided into six sections namely regionalism and the SCS, history of SCS conflicts, profile of claimant states, regionalism and peace solutions, SCS and regional security and conclusion. This study is also supplemented by some visualizations to engage the readers in deep imagination on the SCS. The author concludes that Southeast Asian regionalism was facing serious challenges vis-à-vis China which successfully took benefit from the ASEAN's weak multilateral approach on this issue.Keywords: conflict, security, South China Sea, regionalism
Analisis Pemetaan Kerentanan Masyarakat Terhadap Bencana Gempa: Studi Kasus Gempa di Haiti Tahun 2010
Authors: Oktaviani Jusmalia , Kumesan Christy Pavita , Fajar Saltiq
Published: February 2018

AbstrakHaiti terletak di Pulau Hispaniola, yang merupakan perbatasan antara lempeng tektonik Amerika dan Karibia. Lempeng ini bergerak sekitar 2 sentimeter per tahun, sehingga termasuk seismik aktif dan memiliki sejarah gempa yang panjang. Namun, dengan sejarahnya yang sering terkena gempa, tidak membuat negara ini menjadi siap terhadap gempa. Pada tahun 2010, gempa yang cukup besar, dengan skala sekitar 7 SR menerpa Haiti. Korban jiwa yang diakibatkan oleh gempa tersebut mencapai 100.000 hingga 300.000 jiwa. Menurut UN General Assembly, kerugian total akibat gempa bumi diperkirakan mencapai USD 7.8 milyar, yang berarti setara dengan lebih dari 120 persen GDP Haiti di tahun 2009. Melalui tulisan ini, peneliti ingin mengetahui bagaimana analisis kerentanan masyarakat Haiti terhadap bencana alam, terutama gempa, karena dengan skala yang sebenarnya tidak terlalu besar (7 SR), gempa tahun 2010 tersebut menelan begitu banyak korban jiwa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data documentary analysis. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bencana alam mempunyai beberapa dimensi, dan membutuhkan penanganan komprehensif agar jumlah korban jiwa akibat gempa bisa ditekan dan diminimalisir oleh pemerintah.Kata Kunci: bencana alam, gempa, kerentanan masyarakat.AbstractHaiti is located on the island of Hispaniola, which is the border between America and Caribbean tectonic plates. These plates move about 2 centimeters per year, thus including seismically active, has a long history of earthquakes. However, as a land which often affected by the earthquake, this state is not ready against earthquakes. In 2010, an earthquake, about 7 SR scale hit Haiti. The loss of life caused by the earthquake reached 100,000 to 300,000. According to the UN General Assembly, a total loss due to the earthquake is estimated at USD 7.8 billion, which would be equivalent to more than 120 percent of Haiti's GDP in 2009. By this article, the researchers probe the Haiti’s community vulnerability analysis towards natural disasters, particularly earthquakes, because the actual scale of the earthquake itself is not enormous, only 7 SR of 10 SR, however the earthquake in 2010 swallowed so many losses. This study uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques documentary analysis. The result shows that a natural disaster has several dimensions, and requires a comprehensive action so that the number of casualties caused by the earthquake can be suppressed and minimized by the government.Keywords: natural disasters, earthquakes, community vulnerability