bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intermittent exposure of cultured endothelial cells to physiologically relevant fructose concentrations has a profound impact on nitric oxide production and bioenergetics
Authors: Fiorello Maria Luisa , Treweeke Andrew T. , Macfarlane David P. , Megson Ian L.
Published: May 2022

Hyperglycaemia is known to induce endothelial dysfunction and changes in metabolic function, which could be implicated in diabetes-induced cardiovascular disease. To date, however, little is known about the impact of physiologically relevant concentrations of fructose on endothelial cells. A novel in vitro model was devised to establish the impact of substitution of a small proportion of glucose with an equal concentration (0.1 mM or 1 mM) of fructose on EA.hy926 endothelial cells during periodic carbohydrate “meals” superimposed on a normoglycaemic (5.5 mM) background. Parallel experiments were conducted using meals consisting of normoglycaemic glucose, intermediate glucose (12.5 mM) or profound hyperglycaemia (25 mM), each delivered for 2 h, with and without substituted fructose over 50 h. Outcome measures included nitrite as a surrogate marker of the mediator of healthy endothelial function, nitric oxide (NO), and a range of bioenergetic parameters using a metabolic analyser. Despite its relatively low proportion of carbohydrate load, intermittent fructose induced a substantial reduction (approximately 90%) in NO generation in cells treated with either concentration of fructose. Cell markers of oxidative stress were not altered by this treatment regimen. However, the cells experienced a marked increase in metabolic activity induced by fructose, irrespective of the glucose concentration delivered simultaneously in the “meals”. Indeed, glucose alone failed to induce any metabolic impact in this model. Key metabolic findings were a 2-fold increase in basal oxygen consumption rate and a similar change in extracellular acidification rate–a marker of glycolysis. Non-metabolic oxygen consumption also increased substantially in cells exposed to fructose. There was no difference between results with 0.1 mM fructose and those with 1 mM fructose. Low, physiologically relevant concentrations of fructose, delivered in a pattern that mimics mealtime consumption, had a profound impact on endothelial function and bioenergetics in an in vitro cell model. The results suggest that endothelial cells are exquisitely sensitive to circulating fructose; the potential ensuing dysfunction could have major implications for development of atherosclerotic disease associated with high fructose consumption.
Quantitative glycoproteomics of human milk and association with atopic disease
Authors: Holm Matilda , Saraswat Mayank , Joenväärä Sakari , Seppo Antti , Looney R. John , Tohmola Tiialotta , Renkonen Jutta , Renkonen Risto , Järvinen Kirsi M.
Published: May 2022

The prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma is increasing rapidly worldwide, with environmental and lifestyle behaviors implicated as a reason. Epidemiological studies have shown that children who grow up on farms are at lower risk of developing childhood atopic disease, indicating the presence of a protective “farm effect”. The Old Order Mennonite (OOM) community in Upstate New York have traditional, agrarian lifestyles, a low rate of atopic disease, and long periods of exclusive breastfeeding. Human milk proteins are heavily glycosylated, although there is a paucity of studies investigating the milk glycoproteome. In this study, we have used quantitative glycoproteomics to compare the N-glycoprotein profiles of 54 milk samples from Rochester urban/suburban and OOM mothers, two populations with different lifestyles, exposures, and risk of atopic disease. We also compared N-glycoprotein profiles according to the presence or absence of atopic disease in the mothers and, separately, the children. We identified 79 N-glycopeptides from 15 different proteins and found that proteins including immunoglobulin A1, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, and lactotransferrin displayed significant glycan heterogeneity. We found that the abundances of 38 glycopeptides differed significantly between Rochester and OOM mothers and also identified four glycopeptides with significantly different abundances between all comparisons. These four glycopeptides may be associated with the development of atopic disease. The findings of this study suggest that the differential glycosylation of milk proteins could be linked to atopic disease.
Protocol for the process evaluation of a counselling intervention designed to educate cancer patients on complementary and integrative health care and promote interprofessional collaboration in this area (the CCC-Integrativ study)
Authors: Bossert Jasmin , Mahler Cornelia , Boltenhagen Ursula , Kaltenbach Anna , Froehlich Daniela , Szecsenyi Joachim , Wensing Michel , Joos Stefanie , Klafke Nadja
Published: May 2022

Background

Conducting a process evaluation is essential to understand how health interventions work in different healthcare settings. Particularly in the case of complex interventions, it is important to find out whether the intervention could be carried out as planned and which factors had a beneficial or hindering effect on its implementation. The aim of this study is to present the detailed protocol of the process evaluation embedded in the controlled implementation study CCC-Integrativ aiming to implement an interprofessional counselling program for cancer patients on complementary and integrative health care (CIH).

Methods

This mixed methods study will draw upon the “Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research” (CFIR) combined with the concept of “intervention fidelity” to evaluate the quality of the interprofessional counselling sessions, to explore the perspective of the directly and indirectly involved healthcare staff, as well as to analyze the perceptions and experiences of the patients. The qualitative evaluation phase consists of analyzing audio-recorded counselling sessions, as well as individual and group interviews with the involved persons. The quantitative evaluation phase applies questionnaires which are distributed before (T0), at the beginning (T1), in the middle (T2) and at the end (T3) of the intervention delivery.

Discussion

This protocol provides an example of how a process evaluation can be conducted parallel to a main study investigating and implementing a complex intervention. The results of this mixed methods research will make it possible to identify strengths and weaknesses of the team-based intervention, and to target more specifically the key factors and structures required to implement healthcare structures to meet patients’ unmet needs in the context of CIH. To our knowledge, this study is the first applying the CFIR framework in the context of interprofessional CIH counselling, and its results are expected to provide comprehensive and multidisciplinary management of cancer patients with complex supportive healthcare needs.
Assessing the association between air pollution and child development in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Luminati Ornella , Brentani Alexandra , Flückiger Benjamin , Ledebur de Antas de Campos Bartolomeu , Raess Michelle , Röösli Martin , de Hoogh Kees , Fink Günther
Published: May 2022

Background

Outdoor air pollution is increasingly recognised as a key threat to population health globally, with particularly high risks for urban residents. In this study, we assessed the association between residential nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure and children’s cognitive and behavioural development using data from São Paulo Brazil, one of the largest urban agglomerations in the world.

Methods

We used data from the São Paulo Western Region Birth Cohort, a longitudinal cohort study aiming to examine determinants as well as long-term implications of early childhood development. Cross-sectional data from the 72-month follow-up was analysed. Data on NO2 concentration in the study area was collected at 80 locations in 2019, and land use regression modelling was used to estimate annual NO2 concentration at children’s homes. Associations between predicted NO2 exposure and children’s cognitive development as well as children’s behavioural problems were estimated using linear regression models adjusted for an extensive set of confounders. All results were expressed per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2.

Results

1143 children were included in the analysis. We found no association between NO2 and children’s cognitive development (beta -0.05, 95% CI [-0.20; 0.10]) or behavioural problems (beta 0.02, 95% CI [-0.80; 0.12]).

Conclusion

No association between child cognition or child behaviour and NO2 was found in this cross-sectional analysis. Further research will be necessary to understand the extent to which these null results reflect a true absence of association or other statistical, biological or adaptive factors not addressed in this paper.
Risk assessment of resistance to diflubenzuron in Musca domestica: Realized heritability and cross-resistance to fourteen insecticides from different classes
Authors: Hafez Abdulwahab M.
Published: May 2022

The Musca domestica L. is a well-known vector for a number of livestock and human diseases. One major challenge for maintaining effective control of this pest is its propensity to develop resistance to insecticides. This study utilized laboratory selection and realized heritability methods to examine the risk of resistance development to diflubenzuron in Musca domestica L. Cross-resistance (CR) to fourteen other insecticides was measured in diflubenzuron-selected (Diflu-SEL) strain which was selected for 20 generations. The resistance ratio (RR) of Diflu-SEL larvae to diflubenzuron increased from 30.33 in generation five (G5) to 182.33 in G24 compared with the susceptible strain, while realized heritability (h2) was 0.08. The number of needed generations (G) for a tenfold increase in the median lethal concentration (LC50) for diflubenzuron ranged from 4 to 45 at h2 values of 0.08, 0.18, and 0.28, at a slope of 1.51. At h2 = 0.08 and slopes of 1.51, 2.51, and 3.51, the number of needed G for a tenfold increase in the LC50 ranged from 9 to 104. The level of CR shown by the Diflu-SEL strain to all other fourteen tested insecticides (insect growth regulators, organophosphates, and pyrethroids) was either absent or very low compared to the field population. The value of h2 and the absent or low CR indicate potential successful management of resistance to diflubenzuron and recommend the use of the tested insecticides in rotation with diflubenzuron to control M. domestica.
Systematic generation of biophysically detailed models with generalization capability for non-spiking neurons
Authors: Naudin Loïs , Jiménez Laredo Juan Luis , Liu Qiang , Corson Nathalie
Published: May 2022

Unlike spiking neurons which compress continuous inputs into digital signals for transmitting information via action potentials, non-spiking neurons modulate analog signals through graded potential responses. Such neurons have been found in a large variety of nervous tissues in both vertebrate and invertebrate species, and have been proven to play a central role in neuronal information processing. If general and vast efforts have been made for many years to model spiking neurons using conductance-based models (CBMs), very few methods have been developed for non-spiking neurons. When a CBM is built to characterize the neuron behavior, it should be endowed with generalization capabilities (i.e. the ability to predict acceptable neuronal responses to different novel stimuli not used during the model’s building). Yet, since CBMs contain a large number of parameters, they may typically suffer from a lack of such a capability. In this paper, we propose a new systematic approach based on multi-objective optimization which builds general non-spiking models with generalization capabilities. The proposed approach only requires macroscopic experimental data from which all the model parameters are simultaneously determined without compromise. Such an approach is applied on three non-spiking neurons of the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans(C. elegans), a well-known model organism in neuroscience that predominantly transmits information through non-spiking signals. These three neurons, arbitrarily labeled by convention as RIM, AIY and AFD, represent, to date, the three possible forms of non-spiking neuronal responses ofC. elegans.
Resource landscape, microbial activity, and community composition under wintering crane activities in the Demilitarized Zone, South Korea
Authors: Min Kyungjin , Choi Myung-Ae
Published: May 2022

Endangered cranes migrate to the Demilitarized Zone in Korea in search for habitat and food during winter. While cranes have the potential to influence soil biogeochemical processes via dropping, foraging, and walking, few studies have investigated ecological roles of migrating birds in the new habitat. Here, we explored how cranes alter resource landscape (the amount and quality of carbon) and microbial community in soil. We set up control (fenced, no crane access) and treatment (free crane activities) plots (n = 6, respectively) in a rice paddy, and collected soils at 0–15 cm three months after the crane migration. Soils were tested for total carbon, total nitrogen, water extractable organic carbon, and Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, along with microbial parameters (biomass, respiration, community composition). The wintering crane activity significantly increased total carbon and nitrogen contents, but decreased the ratio of CH (aliphatic) to COO (carboxylic) in soil. Also, both microbial biomass and respiration was greater in soils under crane activities. Bacterial and fungal community composition differed with or without crane activities, with treatment soils harboring more diverse microbial communities. Our results demonstrate that crane migration created a distinct system with altered resource landscape and microbial community, highlighting beneficial effects of migratory cranes on the soil biogeochemical processes in rice paddies. This study may help encourage more farmers, local governments, and the public to participate in crane conservation campaigns targeted at rice fields.
NF-YA transcription factors suppress jasmonic acid-mediated antiviral defense and facilitate viral infection in rice
Authors: Tan Xiaoxiang , Zhang Hehong , Yang Zihang , Wei Zhongyan , Li Yanjun , Chen Jianping , Sun Zongtao
Published: May 2022

NF-Y transcription factors are known to play many diverse roles in the development and physiological responses of plants but little is known about their role in plant defense. Here, we demonstrate the negative roles of rice NF-YA family genes in antiviral defense against two different plant viruses, Rice stripe virus (RSV, Tenuivirus) and Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV, Fijivirus). RSV and SRBSDV both induced the expression of OsNF-YA family genes. Overexpression of OsNF-YAs enhanced rice susceptibility to virus infection, while OsNF-YAs RNAi mutants were more resistant. Transcriptome sequencing showed that the expression of jasmonic acid (JA)-related genes was significantly decreased in plants overexpressing OsNF-YA when they were infected by viruses. qRT-PCR and JA sensitivity assays confirmed that OsNF-YAs play negative roles in regulating the JA pathway. Further experiments showed that OsNF-YAs physically interact with JA signaling transcription factors OsMYC2/3 and interfere with JA signaling by dissociating the OsMYC2/3-OsMED25 complex, which inhibits the transcriptional activation activity of OsMYC2/3. Together, our results reveal that OsNF-YAs broadly inhibit plant antiviral defense by repressing JA signaling pathways, and provide new insight into how OsNF-YAs are directly associated with the JA pathway.
Aotearoa pioneering LGBTIQ, Indigenous and environmental production: The case of Rūrangi in New Zealand
Authors: Molloy Missy
Published: May 2022

This article spotlights the remarkable achievements of Rūrangi, a drama series and film created in Aotearoa New Zealand that breaks new ground in transgender production and representation. The case study mainly focuses on off-screen developments that shed light on Rūrangi’s intersectionality, and on the compelling connections drawn by the creative team behind the project between trans identity and environmental and racial justice. Finally, the analysis touches on further innovations the Rūrangi team is implementing in its second season, which is currently in production.
War on woodpeckers: 5G, utility poles and the 1918 Migratory Bird Treaty Act
Authors: Schwoch James
Published: May 2022

This article uses environmental perspectives as a framework for analysing mobile communication networks, platforms and devices related to fifth generation (5G) expansion. The article focuses on wooden utility poles, recent actions by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and contested Department of the Interior (DOI) interpretations of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918. The pell-mell expansion of 5G and the Internet of Things (IoT), new deregulatory actions allowing for new equipment on utility poles and controversies regarding the 1918 Bird Act absolving corporations from culpability when they kill birds as part of their business activities (oil spills, construction and similar) create a dangerous mix. These new initiatives pose threats to wildlife including when birds, particularly woodpeckers, interact with wooden utility pole infrastructures. The United States of America is the main geographic setting for this study, although these trends are partially evident in many other nations.
Is VR a suitable tool for conservation messaging? An exploration of VR technology and the Oculus series Ecosphere
Authors: Aviles Katlyn
Published: May 2022

Virtual reality (VR) has excited artists, researchers and organizations with its potential to provide users with a different perspective and promote empathy. Studies of VR effects on conservation attitudes and behaviours have found promising, albeit short-term, results. Yet to date, there have been no studies to suggest VR’s ability to create long-term behaviour change. Furthermore, studies on at-home VR use and how casual viewers of VR respond to immersive experiences are severely lacking. This article seeks to address this lack by analysing whether a contemporary conservation-themed VR experience is a suitable tool for conservation messaging. Employing autoethnography, I situate my personal experience with the VR experience within broader issues related to environmental communication, visual constructions of ‘nature’ and the growing problem of e-waste. Aside from the question of whether VR experiences create empathy for environmental issues, practitioners interested in using VR for environmental communication should consider the negative impacts of resource use and implications for obsolescence while also questioning creative solutions to render the technology more sustainable and accessible.
Bizmut-oxohalogenidek előállítása, vizsgálata és alkalmazhatóságuk látható fényben aktív fotokatalizátorként
Authors: Bárdos Enikő
Published: May 2022

One of the biggest social, economic, and scientific challenge of the present and the near future is to address environmental and global climate change issues. These concerns including the production of drinking water and the treatment of industrial wastewaters in a way that protects the environment and be harmless to human health. Various regulatory limits our disposal that seek to regulate pollutant emissions, unfortunately many countries persistently exceed their emission/pollution levels. In recent decades, in addition to traditional water treatment processes, alternative processes have been developed to eliminate organic pollutants such as textile dyes, pesticides and herbicides used in agriculture. One such group of solution could be the so-called “Advanced oxidation processes (AOP)”, which includes methods that degrade organic pollutants using various redox reactions into less toxic compounds, preferably water and carbon dioxide. Among AOP/s the heterogeneous photocatalysis prominently investigated, in which a semiconductor catalyst is able to decompose contaminants in water by excitation with light of a suitable wavelength. The best-known semiconductor photocatalyst is titanium-dioxide (TiO2), but scientific interest has long been directed to other semiconductors such as bismuth oxohalides (BiOX, X = Cl, Br, I), which are considered highly potential catalysts under UV and visible irradiation. After production, BiOX do not require further modifcations to be excitable by visible light (natural or artificial), which can greatly reduce operating costs
Editorial
Authors: Vidal Ortega Antonino
Published: May 2022

Arrancó el año 2015 y estamos aquí con nuevo número y novedades importantes. La Maestría en Historia de la Universidad del Norte ha sido en este caso la protagonista, pues gracias a un convenio firmado con la Maestría y el doctorado Mundos Indígenas de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide de Sevilla (España), se acordó hace un año atrás elaborar un dossier especializado, colaborando con el Centro de Historia d´Aquém e d´Além mar de Lisboa, con la intención de divulgar investigaciones actuales de la historiografía portuguesa. Trabajos no muy conocidos en el ámbito de la historiografía latinoamericana y que por su calidad merecen la pena presentarse aquí. Gracias a los colegas de Lisboa que generosamente han trabajado en perfecta sincronía con nosotros ofrecemos este completo dossier sobre el Brasil colonial de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, que con seguridad servirá para acercar más una historiografía lusa poco conocida, poco referenciada en este lugar del continente.
Education, citoyenneté, développement
Authors: Pariat Marcel
Published: May 2022

Economic crisis generates social exclusion which is generally attributed to failure at school or to the inadequacy of educational provision. Studies are then carried out with regard to the economic impact of education which, in turn, centres educational debate more and more around the question of increased productivity. This paper puts forward proposals for the clarification of decision making and intervention process in education and their relation to the problem of development Thus, the concepts of education, citizenship and development will be examined along with their functions, links among them and their relation to social reproduction. In periods of unemployment new forms of development are sought; the employment crisis is linked to the search for growth.
Evaluación de competencias matemáticas en educación básica de la zona rural del sur del estado de Sonora (México)
Authors: Vera Noriega José Ángel , Búrquez Iriqui Karla Lizette
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de las variables de un Programa de Inversión para Abatir el Rezago Educativo (PIARE) que impulsa el gobierno de México y estimar qué variables socioeconómicas y psicosociales promueven diferencias significativas a partir de la evaluación de competencias básicas en matemáticas. Se trabajó con una muestra de 1.224 niños de segundo a quinto grado de escuelas rurales del sur del estado de Sonora (México). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos para cada grado, análisis de varianza de un solo factor para estimar qué variables socioeconómicas, psicosociales y de inversión promueven diferencias significativas en las categorías y total de matemáticas, ANOVAS (ONE-WAV) y pruebas de rangos post-hoc (Tukey) para determinar qué factores de las variables promueven diferencias en las categorías y total de matemáticas. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que las variables socioeconómicas son las que tienen mayor impacto en las categorías y total de matemáticas, principalmente la variable «municipio». De las variables de inversión, el número de docentes fue la que promovió mayares diferencias en los puntajes; las diferencias se presentaron principalmente en el contraste de los grupos de cuatro docentes para los seis grados.
La globalización y el Conocimiento Reflexiones acerca del impacto de la modernización global sobre el desarrollo de los currículo académicos
Authors: Ferro Bayona Jesús
Published: May 2022

Este ensayo considera la problemática de la universidad latinoamericana en general y la colombiana en particular frente a los retos e inequidades de la globalización de la economía y del conocimiento. Plantea cuatro componentes curriculares para enfrentarlos: la interacción de conocimientos, la investigación, la modernidad y la modernización, y la promoción de los valores propios.
E-teachers: Set of email activities
Authors: Rey Paba Lourdes , Rosado Mendinueta Nayibe
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we will present several educational e-mail based activities that can be used in EFL c1asses. This is the result 01 the knowledge gained in this research and the support of other scholars who have also gone through this type of experiences and who have kindly shared their experience with us. We wanted to provide colleagues with a set of activities they can try in their c1asses and pro mote the use of technology in the language- Learning arena. We hope to have contributed to this objective and have lit a new way in our traditional teaching scenario
La pedagogía: Conceptua lización obligatoria en los programas formadores de maestros
Authors: Osorio Villegas Margarita Del Socorro
Published: May 2022

Este ensayo propone algunos elementos de la fundamentación teórica de un programa de formación de maestros. A través de una reflexión acerca de las bases conceptuales de lo que es la pedagogía se concluye que el maestro que se pretende formar debe tener unos sólidos conocimientos sobre el saber de la disciplina de la pedagogía para que fundamente racionalmente su actividad educativa y pueda, desde su saber, trabajar interdisciplinariamente con las otras ciencias de la educación sin la confusión y la dispersión que ha caracterizado al discurso y la práctica educativa por décadas desde que el pedagogo cedió su protagonismo en la educación a la sociología y a la psicología.
Las preguntas de los estudiantes: Una manera de construir aprendizaje
Authors: Tapia de Vergel Carolina , Ávila García Diana
Published: May 2022

Qué quieren saber nuestros estudiantes dentro de la clase? ¿Qué indican sus preguntas? ¿Por qué son tan escasas? ¿Cómo influye la metodología propuesta por el maestro en la formulación de las preguntas? Los anteriores interrogantes son algunos de los aspectos que abordamos en este artículo. Para ello, tenemos en cuenta apartes de las conversaciones que sostienen alumnos y maestros y que se refieren a las preguntas en la dinámica de los procesos de aula. Las investigaciones que sirven como marco de referencia para plantear algunas respuestas a los interrogantes antes mencionados fueron realizadas por el Colectivo Urdimbre, con los auspicios de Colciencias y la Universidad del Norte, en seis colegios del distrito de Barranquilla y uno del departamento del Atlántico, en las clases de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias Sociales de los grados séptimo y octavo. Este tema resulta de gran interés, debido a que en el contexto del aula la mayoría de las preguntas son formuladas por los maestros y los estudiantes se limitan a responder. Sin embargo, a través del análisis realizado observamos la construcción de conceptos con un alto nivel de aprendizaje, debido a los procesos de reflexión que se suscitan en los alumnos cuando formulan preguntas relacionadas con el texto escolar, el discurso de la maestra y el de sus compañeros.
La escritura como búsqueda de sentido
Authors: Pertuz Córdoba Wilfran
Published: May 2022

En este artículo se presentan algunas de las recomendaciones que se hacen para la enseñanza de la descripción en diferentes materiales escolares y se propone que el tratamiento de las operaciones discursivas en la escuela se inscriba en el marco del análisis del discurso. Se muestra además que en el ámbito escolar se le confiere a la descripción un rango de esquema factible de realizarse a partir de una serie de pasos asignados; que ella no tiene valor por sí misma sino sólo a partir de las relaciones que establece con la narración. En otras palabras, no se le considera una operación discursiva, y mucho menos como una competencia con funcionamientos, mecanismos y estrategias particulares que es necesario potenciar en los sujetos. De los resultados obtenidos se destaca que el funcionamiento descriptivo se presenta en la práctica discursiva muy relacionado estructuralmente con la narrativa,
El pensamiento matemático informal de niños en edad preescolar Creencias y prácticas de docentes de Barranquilla (Colombia)
Authors: Fernández Karina , Gutiérrez Iveth , Gómez Margarita , Jaramillo Leonor , Orozco Manuela
Published: May 2022

En este estudio se describen aspectos importantes sobre la instrucción de las matemáticas, debido a que los docentes emplean un sinnúmero de aspectos empíricos y académicos que enriquecen el arte de la pedagogía. Estos, de acuerdo con su cotidianidad, forman creencias y prácticas que identifican a cada docente en particular. El diseño fue descriptivo, se empleó un muestreo al azar y se escogió a 96 docentes que laboran en diferentes instituciones educativas, abarcando toda la estratigrafía socioeconómica de Barranquilla. El pensamiento matemático de estos docentes se obtuvo a través de los siguientes instrumentos: entrevistas semi estructuradas y cuestionarios, las cuales son la base de este trabajo, en el que se describen las creencias y las prácticas empleadas en la enseñanza de las matemáticas en niños de edad preescolar. Para ello se elaboró un modelo basado en los aspectos del docente reflexivo y tradicional, en el que se analizaron las siguientes categorías: Rol y práctica de docente, rol y práctica del padre, creencias acerca de las matemáticas, creencias acerca del lenguaje, institución y creencias acerca del desarrollo del niño y su aprendizaje. Esta investigación, al igual que las investigaciones internacionales, reveló que existe la arraigada creencia de que las matemáticas se circunscriben a los conceptos de número y cantidad por encima de otros conceptos.
Algoritmos evolutivos guiados por redes complejas libres de escala
Authors: Llanos-Mosquera José-Miguel , Muriel-López Gerardo-Luis , Triana-Madrid Joshua-David , Bucheli-Guerrero Víctor-Andrés
Published: May 2022

Los algoritmos de computación evolutiva permiten solucionar problemas de optimización a partir de iteraciones y etapas definidas. Una de las técnicas más utilizadas para este tipo de problemas es la evolución diferencial, que contiene propiedades de redes complejas de pequeño mundo, cuyo estudio es importante por los resultados que generan a los problemas de optimización. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados obtenidos en trabajos previos, en los que se propone un algoritmo evolutivo guiado por redes complejas de pequeño mundo, se define una propuesta que incluye redes complejas libres de escala, con el fin de validar los promedios generados por las redes complejas frente a los resultados presentados por el algoritmo evolutivo tradicional. Se definió un experimento que permite evaluar el desempeño del modelo propuesto y el del algoritmo evolutivo a través de indicadores estadísticos. También se utilizaron cuatro problemas de optimización (Ackley, Beale, Camel y Sphere) para evaluar la hipótesis en el modelo propuesto, su convergencia y la disminución de tiempos de ejecución frente al modelo base. Se observó que las redes complejas libres de escala generan mejores promedios que el algoritmo evolutivo tradicional y las redes complejas de pequeño mundo porque utilizan un mecanismo de conexión preferencial entre sus nodos y guían la combinación de individuos (soluciones), mejorando la tasa de convergencia y el rendimiento del algoritmo evolutivo en general.
Standardisierung der Auswertungskriterien des deutschsprachigen Amsterdam-Nijmegen Everyday Language Test (ANELT) zur Erhöhung der Beurteiler*innenübereinstimmung
Authors: Rubi-Fessen, I. , A. Baumgärtner  , Flöel A. , Breitenstein C.
Published: May 2022

Ein psychometrisch fundiertes Verfahren zur direkten Erfassung der verbalen Kommunikationsfähigkeit bei Aphasie ist der Amsterdam-Nijmegen Everyday Language Test (ANELT). Angesichts einer zunehmenden Verbreitung des ANELT in Forschung und Klinik ist eine Standardisierung der Auswertung wünschenswert. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden, basierend auf den Antwortmustern von Personen ohne sprachliche Beeinträchtigungen, Auswertungskriterien für die A-Skala des deutschsprachigen ANELT entwickelt und an Personen mit Aphasie überprüft. Das Bewertungsschema erwies sich bei den ersten Bewertungen von Patient*innenaufnahmen des ANELT als sehr hilfreich für die Gruppe der acht Beurteiler*innen. Eine formale Analyse der Beurteiler*innenübereinstimmung mittels Krippendorff's Alpha erwies sich als zufriedenstellend. Schlüsselwörter: Aphasie, Diagnostik, verbale Kommunikation, psychometrische Gütekriterienr Abstract A psychometrically sound procedure for the assessment of verbal communication skills in aphasia is the Amsterdam-Nijmegen Everyday Language Test (ANELT). In view of an increasing use of the ANELT in research and clinical practice, a standardization of the evaluation is needed. In the present study, based on the responses of persons without language impairments, evaluation criteria for the A scale of the German version of the ANELT were developed and tested on persons with aphasia. The scoring scheme proved to be very helpful for a group of eight raters during the first evaluations of patient recordings of the ANELT. A formal analysis of interrater agreement using Krippendorff's alpha demonstrated satisfactory results. Keywords: aphasia, assessment, verbal communication, psychometric criteria
Adaptation in der Verarbeitung von Sätzen bei Personen mit und ohne sprachliche Beeinträchtigungen
Authors: Pregla D. , Burchert F. , Stadie N.
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit bestand darin, Adaptation in der syntaktischen Verarbeitung bei Personen mit Aphasie zu untersuchen. Dafür wurden das Auftreten von Komplexitätseffekten in der Satzverarbeitung und die Veränderung des Komplexitätseffekts über zwei Testphasen (im Abstand von ca. zwei Monaten) hinweg sowohl bei Personen mit Aphasie (PmA) als auch bei Personen ohne Aphasie (PoA) ausgewertet. Sowohl für PmA als auch für PoA traten Komplexitätseffekte auf. Zusätzlich wurde ein genereller Leistungsanstieg in Form etwas kürzerer Reaktionszeiten und einer leicht erhöhten Antwortgenauigkeit im Retest sowohl für PmA als auch für PoA ermittelt. PmA weisen jedoch im Vergleich zu PoA weniger Adaptation in der syntaktischen Verarbeitung bei wiederholter Darbietung von Sätzen auf. Diese Beobachtung ist entscheidend für eine sprachtherapeutische Intervention, die auf eine Verbesserung im Satzverständnis abzielt. Eine explizite und erklärende Vorgehensweise in der Therapie scheint vielversprechender als eine eher implizite Therapiemethode, die nur auf die wiederholte Konfrontation mit Sätzen aufbaut. Schlüsselwörter: Aphasie, Satzverständnis, Test-Retest Untersuchung, Adaptation Abstract The aim of the present work was to investigate adaptation in syntactic processing in persons with aphasia. For this purpose, the occurrence of complexity effects in sentence processing and the change in complexity effects over two test phases (approximately two months apart) were evaluated for both persons with aphasia and persons without aphasia. Complexity effects occurred for both persons with and without aphasia. In addition, a general increase in performance in the form of slightly shorter reaction times and slightly increased retest response accuracy was found for both persons with aphasia and those without. However, persons with aphasia showed less adaptation in syntactic processing during repeated presentation of sentences compared to those without aphasia. This observation is critical for speech therapy intervention aimed at improving in sentence comprehension. An explicit and explanatory approach to therapy seems more promising than a more implicit therapy method that relies only on repeated confrontation with sentences. Keywords: aphasia, sentence comprehension, test-retest assessment, adaptation
PEMODELAN INDEKS HARGA PROPERTI RESIDENSIAL DI INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE GENERALIZED SPACE TIME AUTOREGRESSIVE
Authors: Aufa Syazwina , Santoso Rukun , Suparti Suparti
Published: May 2022

Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) is a model used for space time data analysis. Space time data is data related to events at previous times and different locations. GSTAR is an expansion of the Space Time Autoregressive (STAR) method. The STAR method is only suitable for homogeneous locations while GSTAR can be used for heterogeneous locations. This research uses Residensial Property Price Index (IHPR) data. IHPR data is in the form of a multivariate time series consisting of 18 cities/regions with a certain time span. In this study, the analysis of IHPR data is carried out by looking at the relationship between the previous time and other cities/regions. Therefore, the method that can be used is GSTAR method. Analysis of IHPR data in each city/region can help increase the supply of housing, thereby reducing the number of backlogs. The backlog of houses in Indonesia is still relatively high. Backlog is an indicator that is often used by the government to measure the number of housing needs in Indonesia. Based on the fulfillment of the assumptions and the smallest MSE value, the best model obtained is GSTAR(4;1,1,1,1) using cross-correlation normalized weight. The largest IHPR data on forcasting results is in the cities of Makassar, Manado, and Surabaya while the smallest IHPR data is in the city of Balikpapan. The GSTAR method produces forcasted data that is close to the actual data so it is good to use.Keywords : GSTAR, OLS, IHPR
METODE K-HARMONIC MEANS CLUSTERING DENGAN VALIDASI SILHOUETTE COEFFICIENT (Studi Kasus : Empat Faktor Utama Penyebab Stunting 34 Provinsi di Indonesia Tahun 2018)
Authors: Salsabila Silvy ‘Aina , Widiharih Tatik , Sudarno Sudarno
Published: May 2022

The k-harmonic means method is a method of using the cluster center point value, which is to determine each cluster from its center point based on the calculation of the harmonic average. The k-harmonic means determines the existence of each data point based on the membership function and weighting function by using a distance measure. in the clustering, which aims to increase the importance of data that is far from each central point. This causes the k-harmonic means to be insensitive in initialization in determining the cluster center point and significantly improves the quality of clustering compared to k-means. In determining the level of similarity, the determination of the level of similarity uses the distance measure and the distance measure used is the Euclidean distance measure. The distance measure used in cluster analysis can affect the cluster results obtained. Thus, to determine the quality of the results of the cluster analysis, validation tests were carried out using an internal criteria approach, namely silhouette coefficient. In this study, the k-harmonic means used to classify provinces in Indonesia based on the causes of stunting in 2018. The stunting in children under five in Indonesia has exceeded the limit set by WHO. In 2016-2017 there was an increase in the prevalence of stunting by 27.5% to 29.6%. The k-harmonic means method is used so that the four main factors causing stunting in every province in Indonesia can be seen and the prevention and cure of stunting can run optimally. This method is also used because the data on the four factors that cause stunting show a significant rate of change and as a measure of central tendency in 34 provincial objects in Indonesia. Four factors that cause stunting are used, namely the percentage of households that do not have access to clean drinking water, the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding, the percentage of Low Birth Weight Babies (LBW) 2,500-grams born safely and the percentage of households that do not have proper sanitation facilities. The results obtained by the cluster which is optimal at k= 3 using the Euclidean, where the silhouette coefficient = 0,3040722675 ≈ 0,3. Based on the results of the cluster analysis, it is known that in cluster one, the main factor that stands out the most is the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding. In cluster two, the main factor that stands out the most is the percentage of Low Birth Weight Babies (LBW) 2,500-grams born safely. In cluster three, the most prominent main factors are the percentage of Low Birth Weight Babies (LBW) 2,500-grams born safely and the percentage of households that do not have proper sanitation facilities with the highest average centroid among other clusters. Keywords: Clustering, K-Harmonic Means, Euclidean distance, Silhouette Coefficient, Stunting
The Great De-Mortgaging: the Retreat of Life Insurances From Housing Finance in US-German Historical Perspective
Authors: Kohl Sebastian
Published: May 2022

Recent research in economic history has found that mortgage debt in relation to GDP has taken off in the historical long run (“great mortgaging”), as growing banking assets have been redirected into mortgage credit. This paper maps the parallel long-run investment history of private (life) insurance as the much overlooked second pillar of the financial system. Drawing on in-depth studies of the US and Germany, it finds that a “great de-mortgaging” took place in insurers’ portfolios, with mortgages falling from up to 90 percent in the 19th century to below 5 percent today in favor of fixed-income securities. A parallel shift to secondary mortgage bonds has hardly offset this decline, while direct real estate remained largely a residual investment class. Banks’ great mortgaging is thus partly an institutional substitution effect. The paper sees insurers’ asset shift itself as mainly driven by long-run changes in capital demand and competition with banks and pension funds. It extends these findings to other long-term institutional investors and other OECD countries in the historical long run.
MicroRNA 322-5p reduced neuronal inflammation via the TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB axis in a rat epilepsy model
Authors: Zhou Qin , Wang Qiong , He Baomei , Kong Haibo , Luo Huanjun , Wang Xiaowei , Wang Wenlan
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to determine whether microRNA-322-5p regulates seizure and seizure damage by targeting the TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB-associated inflammatory signaling pathway. In a pilocarpine-induced epileptic rat model, the expressions of miR-322-5p, TLR4, NF-κB, TRAF6, IRF5, IL-1β, and GABA were assessed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Tunel detects hippocampal neuron apoptosis. The results showed that the expression of miR-322-5p significantly decreased in status epilepticus (SE) rats. The reduction of miR-322-5p was accompanied by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, an increased NF-κB expression, and reduced γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels. Exogenous miR-322-5p reduced the expression of inflammatory molecules and increased the GABA levels in SE rats, and also reduced hippocampal neuronal cell apoptosis caused by epilepsy. In conclusion, the miR-322-5p significantly inhibited the TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB-associated inflammation and reduced neuronal apoptosis, suggesting that its induction may be of potential interest for novel antiseizure medications.
Nationalismus als Umkehr: Etwas zur jüdischen Meta-Politik der Moderne
Authors: Biemann Asher D.
Published: May 2022

“Metapolitics” is an ambiguous term. Recent philosophers have claimed the concept for neo-conservative, even right-wing agendas, while others have employed it to signal radical discontent with politics altogether. Beginning with Peter Viereck’s characterization of Nazi ideology as “Meta-Politics,” this essay works its way back from an “irrational,” “volkish,” and supposedly “conservative” concept to another use of “Metapolitics” as found in Martin Buber and Hermann Cohen that was rooted in a liberal tradition of the Enlightenment—especially in August Schlözer and Saul Ascher. Both, Buber and Cohen, linked “metapolitical politics” to prophetic and theopolitical sensibilities. As such, the prophetic motif of turning (Teshuvah) loomed large at the center of their respective philosophies of nationalism. But it was a theme that also connected a wide range of thinkers, including Hans Kohn and Leo Baeck, and which emerged as a Leitmotiv of cultural and spiritual Zionism as well as of the modern Renaissance of Jewish culture. Drawing on Moritz Lazarus, the essay argues that the recurring trope of turning helped establish a paradoxical nationalism founded not upon self-empowerment and political othering but on self-criticism. Concluding with a brief excursion on Abraham Joshua Heschel’s prophetic politics in the Civil Rights Movement, the essay gestures towards the possibility of nationalism as collective introspection and self-reformation.
The Neolithic Flint Quarry of Pozarrate (Treviño, Northern Spain)
Authors: Tarriño Antonio , López-Tascón Cristina , Hernández Hugo H. , Elorrieta Irantzu , Herrero-Alonso Diego , Aguirre Mikel , Larreina David , Castañeda Nuria , Mujika José Antonio
Published: May 2022

In this work, we present the preliminary data we have obtained in the Neolithic flint quarry of Pozarrate, currently under archaeological works. We want to put forward an update about the sedimentary fillings of one of the crescent-shaped dump quarries (6000–5600 BP). It is located at the Sierra de Araico-Cucho (Treviño, northern Spain). In this region, Tertiary carbonated terrains which host important silicifications called Treviño flint (Tarriño, A. (2006). El sílex en la cuenca vasco-cantábrica y Pirineo Navarro. Caracterización y su aprovechamiento en la Prehistoria. Monografía 21, Museo Nacional y Centro de Investigación de Altamira. Madrid: Ministerio de Cultura) are outcropped. The procurement of these silicifications by prehistoric populations was motivated by the good quality of this raw material for knapping. Currently, it constitutes one of the few Neolithic known flint mines of the Iberian Peninsula, understood as places of exploitation of flint with landscape modifications. Some instruments related to prehistoric quarry works have been recovered, such as picks, maces, and hammers made of flint, dolerite, and deer antler.

Studies on Pozarrate material remains have been conducted in an interdisciplinary way, in order to have a better understanding of the prehistoric mining processes. Several methodologies are being used in the study of the lithic industries, including flint characterization, procurement, typological, typometrical, technological, and functional approaches. We have obtained the initial data about extraction, selection, management, and use processes of the flint and dolerite assemblages. Deer antler remains have recently undergone a restoration process and preliminary data have been offered. Moreover, an experimental approach has been applied to clarify specific archaeological issues and technical solutions for quarrying using dolerite maces.