bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Liturgy after the Liturgy”
Authors: Tsompanidis Stylianos
Published: December 2024

This article examines the ecumenical context and in particular the development of the conciliar process for Justice, Peace and the Integrity of Creation (JPIC) that began at the World Council of Churches (WCC) assembly in 1983 in Vancouver and culminated at the World Convocation on Justice, Peace and the Integrity of Creation in 1990 in Seoul, Korea. It underlines that JPIC was intended not simply as another study and action programme, like other programmes within the social and ethical tradition of the WCC, but was oriented toward the centre of the faith and very being of the church, and thus also an ecclesiological issue. The article traces the JPIC process, the central ecclesiological and socio‐ethical questions it raised, and the difficulties and barriers it encountered. It also discusses the interest of the Orthodox in the process and focuses on the contribution and perspectives of the Orthodox Church in the conciliar process for JPIC. Finally, the article refers to the possibilities that are opening up to address the challenges of globalization.
The 1966 World Conference on Church and Society
Authors: Brown Stephen G. , Robra Martin
Published: December 2024

Taking as its starting point the 1966 World Conference on Church and Society in Geneva, which marked the beginnings of a fundamental change in the understanding of ecumenical social ethics within the World Council of Churches (WCC), this article discusses the role of the conference in this shift in perspective from the idea of the “responsible society” to the emergence of a form of postcolonial ecumenism. It traces the emergence of the responsible society as a guiding principle for the WCC and, in particular, the role in this of the US social ethicist Paul Abrecht, as well as how a focus on rapid social change helped strengthen and consolidate churches in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. These churches would then articulate the beginnings of a postcolonial understanding of ecumenical social ethics at the Geneva conference, which would in turn lead to the development of new programmes on social justice after the WCC's 4th Assembly in Uppsala in 1968. The article concludes by discussing the tension between the two guiding principles in the decade that followed the Uppsala assembly.
The Integrin Receptors: From Discovery to Structure to Medicines
Authors: Arnaout M. Amin
Published: December 2024

Innate immune cells perform vital tasks in detecting, seeking, and eliminating invading pathogens, thus ensuring host survival. However, loss of function of these cells or their overactive response to tissue injury often causes serious ailments. It is, therefore, crucial to understand at a basic level how these cells function in health and disease. A major step toward this goal came from studies I conducted in the late 1970s investigating the cause of life‐threatening bacterial infections in a pediatric patient. This work led us to trace this disease to the inability of the patient's neutrophils to seek and clear infections due to an inherited deficiency in leukocyte adhesion caused by the loss of a plasma membrane glycoprotein complex now known as CD11/CD18 or β2 integrins. I followed this work by determining the 3‐dimensional structures of integrins. These studies provided the foundation for understanding the unique properties of integrins in mediating bidirectional cell adhesion signaling and enabled a structure‐guided design of compounds to dial down overactive integrins in common disorders, including thromboinflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Regret aversion and asset pricing anomalies in the Chinese stock market
Authors: Wang Yajie , Yang Jiayu
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses the impact of regret aversion on Chinese stock market returns from the asset pricing perspective. From the intertemporal investment and consumption analytical framework, a representative investor determines the optimal wealth allocation by perceiving the stock's “expected rate of return” and “regret effect” to maximize utility. The simulation results show that the expected returns present a downward convex shape with the change in regret aversion. Using China's A‐share market data, the empirical tests confirm the mechanism and different bull and bear market signals. Our findings reveal regret aversion in the A‐share market, and “market return” is an essential measuring indicator, which improves the consumption‐based Capital Asset Pricing Model (CCAPM) empirical results by more minor pricing errors and equity premiums. Comparatively, the variations in cross‐sectional stock returns during bull markets illustrate the herd behavior prevalent in the Chinese market, and the cross‐sectional data observed in bear markets demonstrate a superior fitting effect.
The National Burden of Influenza‐Associated Respiratory Illness Across Levels of Severity in Egypt, 2016–2019
Authors: Fahim Manal , Deghedy Ola , Alim Walaa , Kamel Reham , Hassan Hossam , Mohsen Amira , Attia Rania , Abou El Naja Hala , Afifi Salma , Tempia Stefano , Kandeel Amr
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Influenza burden (IB) estimates are crucial for monitoring disease trends, allocating limited resources, and promoting influenza vaccination. However, IB in Egypt is poorly understood. This study estimates the mean‐seasonal IB in Egypt, across levels of severity by age and regions using sentinel surveillance data between 2016 and 2019.

Methods

Influenza surveillance was implemented among patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) at eight sentinel hospitals across Egypt. We estimated the influenza‐associated SARI hospitalization in two governorates and then extrapolated nationally using the World Health Organization (WHO)–recommended methods. Thereafter, we estimated IB‐associated mild/moderate illness and deaths using IB pyramid tool developed by WHO and the John Hopkins Center for Health Security. Rates were reported per 100,000 population.

Results

The estimated mean seasonal number of influenza‐associated mild/moderate illness, hospitalized noncritically and critically ill patients, and deaths was 16,425,938 (95% CI: 1,150,888–40,409,614), 30,335 (95% CI: 9971–670,288), 9110 (95% CI: 580–16,321), and 2660 (95% CI: 154–9908), respectively. The highest rate of influenza‐associated mild/moderate illness was among aged 5–14 year (22,932; 95% CI: 825–25,546.3), whereas the highest rates of severe influenza were among aged > 65 years (hospitalizations: 159.4, 95% CI: 121.7–205.0; deaths: 56.0, 95% CI: 0.6–111.0). Children aged < 5 years also experience high rates of influenza‐associated hospitalization (52.0, 95% CI: 43.0–62.0).

Conclusions

The WHO method estimated a high burden of severe influenza among aged ≥ 65 and aged < 5 years in Egypt. To reduce severe IB, increased influenza vaccine uptake together with enhanced immunization strategies implementations among the elderly and children are warranted.
Toward germanate ceramics Li2AGeO4:Nd3+ (A = Zn, Mg) emitting near‐infrared radiation
Authors: Pisarska Joanna , Bednarska‐Adam Nikola , Kuwik Marta , Goryczka Tomasz , Macalik Bogusław , Pisarski Wojciech A.
Published: December 2024

Germanate ceramics Li2ZnGeO4:Nd3+ and Li2MgGeO4:Nd3+ have been studied for near‐infrared (IR) luminescence applications. The phase identification showed that both ceramic compounds crystallized in a monoclinic lattice, characteristic of a broad family of germanate olivines. Near‐IR luminescence spectra have been analyzed for Li2AGeO4:Nd3+ (A = Zn, Mg) under different excitation wavelengths. Near‐IR emission bands observed in the second biological window correspond to the ceramic host as well as 4F3/2 → 4I11/2 and 4F3/2 → 4I13/2 transitions of Nd3+ ions, respectively. Based on luminescence spectra and their decays, several spectroscopic parameters for un‐doped and Nd3+‐doped ceramic samples were determined. The experimental results for germanate olivines containing Nd3+ ions suggest that ceramic host gives important contribution to near‐IR luminescence at second biological window.
Excellent Nursing Leadership Towards Magnet Culture Among Nurse Leaders: An Interview Study
Authors: Nurmeksela Anu , Tervo‐Heikkinen Tarja , Junttila Kristiina , Heikkilä Asta , Kaunonen Marja , Kortteisto Tiina , Peltokoski Jaana , Salmela Susanne , Suhonen Riitta , Kvist Tarja
Published: December 2024

Aims

This study describes nurse leaders' experiences of nursing leadership in Finland towards Magnet hospital culture.

Design

This is a qualitative descriptive study.

Methods

The data from nurse leaders (n = 9) were collected in face‐to‐face or online interviews in June and August 2023 in Finland and analysed using an inductive content analysis approach.

Results

Excellent nursing leadership consists of possibilities for impact, the determination of responsibilities, strong leadership in the organisation, interpersonal leadership, the empowerment of nurses' excellence and nursing leadership development. In addition, excellent nursing leadership creates the basis for development structures and nurses' participation in a Magnet culture framework.

Conclusion

Excellent nursing leadership requires ability and opportunities for impact, clear responsibilities and strong interpersonal competencies so that nurses are empowered to strive for excellence. Strong nursing leadership is needed to enable functioning structures that produce efficient processes that can be used to maintain and develop the quality of nursing work in the direction of Magnet culture.

Implications for the Profession

Nurse leaders' status and power must be recognised and legislated as equally as those of other professional leaders in social and health care.

Impact

This study addresses nurse leaders' remarkable role in nursing development towards Magnet hospital culture. At the same time, it discusses their uncertain position in the decision‐making process of the organisation.

Reporting Method

COREQ guidelines were used in reporting.

Patient or Public Contribution

None.
Barriers and Facilitators to the Participation of Pregnant Women in Clinical Research: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Gao Yicheng , Yu Zijin , Zeng Xinyu , Guo Yixuan , Liu Zikun , Yan Xinyi , Guo Tiantian , Yan Chuanya , Liu Zhihan , Fei Yutong
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Pregnant women had a large demand for diagnosis and treatment, but the clinical research was not sufficient, and there were many barriers for pregnant women to participate in clinical research. This study aimed to systematically identify these barriers and facilitators, map them with Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs) to inform the development of interventions promoting pregnant women's involvement in clinical research.

Methods

This was a mixed‐methods systematic review. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and related references were searched. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed‐methods studies exploring barriers and facilitators to pregnant women's participation in clinical trials were included. The barriers and facilitators were extracted, after transforming the quantitative data into qualitative data, all qualitative data were used to thematic synthesis. The identified barriers and facilitators were mapped into TDF and BCTs.

Results

A total of 103 studies (66 qualitative, 24 quantitative, and 13 mixed‐methods) were included. Three main themes were formed: personal factors, environmental factors and research characteristics, with identified barriers and facilitators within each theme. “Knowledge,” “Environmental Context and Resources,” and “Beliefs about Consequences” were the main domains where barriers and facilitators identified by pregnant women and researchers were mapped in TDF. Additionally, the barriers and facilitators identified by pregnant women also mapped on “Social Influences” and “Goals.” “Instruction on how to perform a behavior,” “restructuring the physical environment,” “salience of consequences,” “social support (unspecified),” “goal setting (outcome)” were the main BCTs identified based on barriers and facilitators.

Conclusions

The barriers and facilitators to clinical research participation identified in this study involved three main themes of personal, environmental, and research characteristics, which mainly mapped to five TDF domains. Based on these barriers and facilitators, 23 BCTs were identified. Future research should focus on developing behavior change interventions, assessing their efficacy and implementability.
Can Collaboration Promote Corporate Social Responsibility? Evidence From the Lab
Authors: Gomez Martinez Francisco , Onderstal Sander , Schinkel Maarten Pieter
Published: December 2024

Do agreements among competitors regarding corporate social responsibility (CSR) promote public‐interest objectives? We address this question theoretically and experimentally in a duopoly framework in which firms choose between offering a “fair” and an “unfair” good to consumers. When the unfair good is traded, a negative externality is imposed on a third party. We vary whether or not the firms are allowed to coordinate on the type of good they sell, while remaining in price competition. We experimentally find, as the theory predicts, that only pairs of firms with low other‐regarding preferences take the opportunity to coordinate CSR to differentiate their products, implying an increase in trade of the fair good. Yet there is an indication that consumers are harmed on balance. In the total sample, there is no significant impact on the fraction of fair goods traded, average market prices, producer surplus, and consumer surplus. Other‐regarding preferences seem more important drivers of socially responsible behavior than opportunities for firms to coordinate their CSR activities.
Reducing Pest Risk in Birch Wood Products—The Effective Heat Treatment for Bronze Birch Borer Agrilus anxius (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Prepupae
Authors: Noseworthy Meghan K. , Allen Eric A. , Hébert Christian , Bélanger Sébastien , John Esme P. , MacQuarrie Christian J. K. , Martel Véronique , Souque Tyranna J.
Published: December 2024

The protection of forest resources and the safe trade of forest products require phytosanitary measures to reduce the risk of pest movement to novel environments. Heat treatment is a widely available, efficient and effective method to produce phytosanitary wood products destined for trade. Defining the minimum effective heat treatment dose required to cause the mortality of insects in wood products reduces the risk of spreading pests to novel environments with the lowest possible energy cost, which in turn reduces environmental impacts and provides confidence in current guidelines for heat treatment regulations. The minimum effective heat treatment dose (time and temperature) for Agrilus anxius (bronze birch borer) prepupae was determined using the Humble water bath applying heat in vitro. Heat treatment was assessed using a controlled increase in temperature to simulate the heat ramp applied to wood in industrial kilns and conventional heat chamber operations. Target temperatures between 51°C and 56°C for exposure durations of 15 and 30 min were tested to determine the minimum effective dose. Prepupal A. anxius did not survive exposure to 53°C, 54°C, 55°C or 56°C for 30 min or 54°C and 56°C for 15 min. Chronic or delayed mortality was observed at 53°C for 15‐min treatments. Evaluating the effect of specific heat treatment parameters for other forest pests is recommended to identify and validate the minimum temperature and time required to cause the mortality of wood pests in order to avoid introducing non‐indigenous species with wood products and limit pest movement.
The value of social capital in small business lending: Evidence from the Small Business Administration program
Authors: Duong Huu Nhan , Nguyen Thu Ha , Vu Van Hoang
Published: December 2024

We explore how social capital influences small business lending under the Small Business Administration (SBA) program. We find that banks reduce loan spreads for SBA borrowers located in counties with high social capital. This effect is stronger among SBA Express lenders or when lenders face higher information asymmetry, but weaker during periods of more government assistance and SBA guarantee. Firms located in higher social capital counties are also less likely to default on their loans. Overall, our findings highlight the role of social capital—as an important source of soft information— in the pricing and performance of small business loans.
Efficacy of a 2‐MNG‐Containing Depigmenting Serum in the Treatment of Post‐Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation
Authors: Demessant‐Flavigny Ann Laure , Petkar Gitanjali , Jodun Dylan , Le Dantec Guénaëlle , Le Floc'h Caroline , Kerob Delphine
Published: December 2024

Background

Post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIHP) predominantly affects patients with melanin‐rich skin, significantly impacting them psychosocially due to more frequent and severe pigmentary changes. In this study, the efficacy of a novel depigmenting agent 2‐mercaptonicotinoyl glycine (Melasyl) in a dermocosmetic (DC) serum formulation is assessed as a stand‐alone treatment of PIHP without sunscreen.

Materials and Methods

Thirty‐two Mauritian subjects aged 18–50 years of phototype IV–VI presenting mild acne (GEA2) and moderate to severe PIHP (PAHPI > 10) participated in this study. Subjects applied the DC serum twice a day on the whole face for 3 months. Efficacy was assessed through PAHPI score, mean darkness of lesions (0–8 scores), and colorimetric measurements at D0, D14, D28, D56, and D84. Self‐perceived efficacy, tolerability, stigmatization, cosmeticity, and satisfaction were also gathered.

Results

A significant decrease of 15.8% (p < 0.05) in PAHPI score was reported at D84. The PAHPI score showed marked changes (p < 0.05) in pigmentation intensity at D56. Visible significant changes in mean darkness were observed from D28, with a 25.1% decrease at D84. A significant brightening effect was observed in both the spots and adjacent areas, with their mean ITA values increasingly converging toward the ITA of the non‐treated, non‐exposed zone. This effect was more pronounced in the spots, which showed a significant increase from −34.1 to −14.2 by D14. Instrumental measurements revealed a 60% reduction in spot color intensity at D84 compared to the adjacent area Delta E (p < 0.05), significant from D14. Subjects reported self‐perceived improvements in appearance and well‐being that matched clinical results, enhancing their quality of life and satisfaction. The product was reported as very well tolerated by the subjects after 84 days of usage.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated the efficacy and tolerability of the serum in the treatment of post acne PIHP. Good clinical results are confirmed by the objective measurement of the ITA and Delta E. Cosmeticity was excellent and will help observance in real life. The reduction of the stigmatization score illustrates the impact of PIHP and its improvement over time. These results can be considered highly encouraging with the new serum, as in real life, its use in combination with a UVA/visible light filtration sunscreen would probably increase patients benefit.
Productive, Reproductive, Behavioural, Gene Expression, Histological, and Economic Criteria of Feeding Fenugreek and Berseem Seeds as Alternative Protein Sources in New Zealand White Does Rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus)
Authors: Sakr Shimaa A. , El‐Desoky Adel E. , Ateya Ahmed I. , Sahwan Ferial M. , Mohammed Asmaa S. , Mahmoud Sahar F. , Badr Asmaa A. , Alhimaidi Ahmad R. , Ammari Aiman A. , Amran Ramzi A. , Alwutayd Khairiah M. , Abdo Mohamed , Fericean Liana , Banatean‐Dunea Ioan , El‐Kasrawy Nagwa I.
Published: December 2024

Feed cost represents about 70% of the total production costs of rabbit farms. There is little research on the usage of Berseem and Fenugreek seeds as substitutes for soybeans in rabbit diets. The current investigation was conducted to assess the influence of dietary inclusion of Fenugreek and/or Berseem seeds at varying levels as a substitute for soybean meal on reproductive performance, milk production, maternal behaviour, economic efficiency, mammary gland and ovarian histology, and relative expression of reproductive genes of New Zealand White rabbit does. Eighty fully grown New Zealand White does weighing between 2.75 and 3.00 kg live weight and aged 5–6 months old were utilized. Rabbits were allocated into four groups (20 rabbits/group): control group (basal diet), T1 (5% fenugreek), T2 (15% Berseem seeds), and T3 (2.5% Fenugreek with 7.5% Berseem seeds). We noticed that the dietary inclusion of Fenugreek and/or Berseem seeds significantly improved weight and total weight gain of litters. The increased body weight and decreased feed costs were accompanied by improved return parameters, including total return, net return economic efficiency, and relative economic efficiency, particularly in the T2 and T3 groups. Moreover, milk yield was increased in treated groups compared with those fed basal diet. The improved milk yield was associated with the enhancement of mRNA expression of the prolactin gene and improved mammary morphological characteristics, especially in the T1 group. Indeed, a rabbit does in T2 group revealed an earlier nest building, a higher nest quality, and an increased willingness to nurse. While those in T1 group presented the highest percentages of kits with full bellies. Interestingly, T2 and T3 had large mature follicles (preovulatory follicles) and few numbers of small follicles which was associated with a marked upregulation of mRNA levels of follicular stimulating hormone gene. It would be concluded that the dietary inclusion of Berseem seeds as a complete or partial replacement for soybean in New Zealand white rabbits' diet could be used to enhance the growth performance of litter and improve doe's milk production, maternal behaviour, and economic efficiency.
The role of home polygraphy sleep studies in the diagnosis of catathrenia
Authors: Shakespeare Joanna , Parkes Edward David
Published: December 2024

Catathrenia is an uncommon sleep disorder. Having been originally classified as a parasomnia it is now considered a sleep related breathing disorder. Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for diagnosing catathrenia which demonstrates a classic pattern of a deep inhalation followed by a protracted exhalation, accompanied by groaning sounds. Home polygraphy sleep studies are widely used to assess for sleep disordered breathing and have previously been demonstrated to yield sufficient evidence to warrant a suspicion of catathrenia, later confirmed by PSG. We present sleep studies from five patients presenting with fragmented sleep and daytime somnolence. Two were clinically suspicious for a diagnosis of catathrenia with the remaining patients suspected as having obstructive sleep apnea. Analysis of their sleep studies identified changes in flow and effort consistent with those found on PSG in catathrenia. Analysis of concomitant sound recordings revealed groaning and moaning sounds different to any recorded snoring. Our findings demonstrate that polygraphy sleep studies demonstrating an initial positive inflection in flow, immediately followed by a fall in flow and a slow attenuation in both thoracic and abdominal effort signals are suggestive of a catathrenia diagnosis. Careful analysis of traces is required to prevent misdiagnosis of central events.
Head Circumference Versus Length and Weight Deficits up to 2 Years of Age in Bangladesh
Authors: Cho Leanna , Dasiewicz Alison S. B. , Watson Kelly M. , Qamar Huma , Bassani Diego G. , Zlotkin Stanley , Mohsin Minhazul , Keya Farhana Khanam , Shah Prakesh S. , Hamer Davidson H. , Mahmud Abdullah Al , Roth Daniel E.
Published: December 2024

Infant undernutrition, defined by length‐ and weight‐based indices, is common in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), but corresponding deficits in head size have received less attention. In a cohort of term newborns in Dhaka, Bangladesh, we compared the severity of deficits (vs. World Health Organization Growth Standards) in head circumference (HC), length and weight at birth and every 3 months until 2 years of age (n range across timepoints: 843–920). We estimated the mean and 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles of HC‐, length‐ and weight‐for‐age z‐scores (HCZ, LAZ and WAZ, respectively). Differences between HCZ and LAZ (or WAZ) were analyzed using paired t tests and quantile regression. We also derived HCZ using height‐age instead of chronological age at 3–24 months. Mean HCZ was significantly higher than mean LAZ and WAZ at birth, but HCZ was significantly lower than LAZ at 6, 9 and 12 months and the HCZ and LAZ deficits were similar from 15 to 24 months. Mean HCZ was lower than WAZ at all ages beyond birth. Patterns were broadly consistent at the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles. The HCZ deficit remained evident when HC was standardized using height‐age at all ages beyond birth, indicating HC was reduced relative to body size. In conclusion, among term‐born children in Dhaka, HCs were smaller than international standards at all ages up to 2 years, and there was no evidence of postnatal head sparing. Consideration should be given to routine measurement of HC in population health surveys in LMICs.
Effect of eHealth Interventions on Symptom Management in CABG Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Aydin Aydanur , Celik Sevilay Senol
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of eHealth interventions on symptom management outcomes of patients undergoing CABG surgery. A systematic review was performed on CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, and Scopus from 2006 to June 2022. The Joanna Briggs Institute's evaluation tools for RCT and quasi‐experimental studies were used to assess the methodological quality of the publications included in this review and to determine the extent to which each publication addressed the possibility of bias in its design. The raters' agreement was determined by using Cohen's kappa test, which yielded a kappa coefficient of 0.51. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023398498). A systematic analysis of 11 publications involving 2.586 patients showed that the eHealth intervention effectively increased activity and self‐management. eHealth interventions, which are also effective in the management of psychological problems, had results that were partially effective in pain management and effective in quality of life. Digital healthcare has become an important component of patient care. Nurses providing care should be aware that eHealth interventions are showing promising results in patient care.
Relationships Between Maternal Feeding Attitudes and Child Nutritional Problems
Authors: Bayindir‐Gümüş Aylin , Yardimci Hülya , Koç Nevra , Sezer Ece , Kara‐Uzun Aysun
Published: December 2024

Childhood nutrition is critical for development however maternal feeding attitudes may influence feeding practices and subsequent outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate mothers' attitudes toward their children's feeding process and its relationship with characteristics and children's nutritional problems. One hundred thirty‐five mother–child couples who attended the Social Pediatrics Outpatient Clinic of a hospital participated in the study. Researchers administered a survey form during face‐to‐face interviews. The form included demographic details about mother–child couples and two surveys. The first survey asked about child nutritional problems, and the second one comprised the Mother's Attitudes Towards the Feeding Process Scale (MATFPS). MATFPS provides five factors that including negative affect during meal, attitudes about insufficient/unbalanced feeding, negative feeding strategies, forced feeding, and reaction to the viewpoints of others. There was a negative correlation between mothers' “negative affect during meal” factor score and children's BMI (p < 0.05). The mean MATFPS scores of the mothers whose children had nutritional problems were statistically higher than others (p < 0.05). In conclusion, to ensure healthy nutrition for children, mothers may benefit from education to develop positive attitudes and proper feeding practices.
“Engaged Nurses Are the Ones Who Love Their Profession”: Work Engagement From the Perspectives of Oncology Nurses
Authors: Hiçdurmaz Duygu , Kahraman Nilgün , Aydin Adeviye
Published: December 2024

Work engagement in oncology nurses is crucial for improving nurse practice and healthcare outcomes. The study aimed to define and understand work engagement from the perspective of experienced oncology clinical nurses. This qualitative descriptive study used purposive sampling to select 15 oncology nurses from a University Oncology Hospital in Türkiye. Participants had at least 3 years of experience and volunteered for the study. Data were collected through face‐to‐face interviews using a “Nurse Data Form” and a “Semi‐structured Interview Form.” The analysis identified six themes and 12 sub‐themes. These themes include a sense of engagement, personal resources, organizational resources, professional resources, elements specific to the nature of oncology, and areas that need improvement. Sub‐themes indicate that facilitators of work engagement included altruism, job satisfaction, teamwork, and nursing competencies. Nurses may require assistance in caring for patients with high psychosocial demands, long‐term care or repetitive hospitalizations. In conclusion, nurses emphasized the facilitating and challenging factors in work engagement in the oncology clinics. This study suggests that oncology nurses' work engagement can be enhanced by empowering them professionally, individually, and organizationally.
Life cycle and morphogenetic differentiation in heteromorphic cell types of a cosmopolitan marine microalga
Authors: Bousquet Laurie , Fainsod Shai , Decelle Johan , Murik Omer , Chevalier Fabien , Gallet Benoit , Templin Rachel , Schwab Yannick , Avrahami Yoav , Koplovitz Gil , Ku Chuan , Frada Miguel J.
Published: December 2024

Gephyrocapsa huxleyi is a prevalent, bloom‐forming phytoplankton species in the oceans. It exhibits a complex haplodiplontic life cycle, featuring a diploid‐calcified phase, a haploid phase and a third ‘decoupled’ phase produced during viral infection. Decoupled cells display a haploid‐like phenotype, but are diploid.

Here, we investigated the fate of decoupled cells during culture observations and we compared the transcriptome profiles and the cellular ultrastructure of the three life cycle cell types.

We found that decoupled cells can revert to the calcified form in the absence of viral pressure, revealing the ability of G. huxleyi to modulate cell differentiation as a function of external conditions. Ultrastructural analyses showed distinct nuclear organization with variations in chromatin volume. Transcriptomic analyses revealed gene expression patterns specific to each life phase. These included multiple regulatory functions in chromatin remodeling, broader epigenetic mechanisms and life cycling, likely contributing to cell differentiation. Finally, analyses of available host–virus transcriptomes support life cycle transition during viral infection.

This study provides cellular and molecular foundations for nuclear remodeling and cell differentiation in coccolithophores and the identification of gene markers for studying coccolithophore life cycles in natural populations.
Faster than expected: release of nitrogen and phosphorus from decomposing woody litter
Authors: Wijas Baptiste J. , Cornwell William K. , Oberle Brad , Powell Jeff R. , Zanne Amy E.
Published: December 2024

Deadwood represents globally important carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) pools. Current wood nutrient dynamics models are extensions of those developed for leaf litter decomposition. However, tissue structure and dominant decomposers differ between leaf and woody litter, and recent evidence suggests that decomposer stoichiometry, in combination with litter quality, may affect nutrient release.

We quantified decomposition and release of C and nutrients from woody litter for two stem sizes of 22 tree species in a P‐limited temperate forest near Sydney, Australia, and compared these to estimates from leaf litter literature.

Following theory, N and P accumulated during early decomposition, but began to decline earlier than expected based on work in leaves. Woody litter converged on higher C : N (50) and N : P (80) ratios than in leaf litter studies. C : N at which N was released was higher in larger stems (c. 124) than in smaller stems (c. 82), both being higher than in leaf litter.

Drawing from the literature, these differences in N and P dynamics may be due to the identity of wood decomposers. C : N of wood decomposers is higher than the mean C : N of leaf litter decomposers, and this difference in stoichiometry may have important flow‐on effects for nutrient cycles in forests.
Sinomonas gamaensisNEAU‐HV1 remodels the IAA14‐ARF7/19 interaction to promote plant growth
Authors: Fu Yansong , Wang Juexuan , Su Ziwei , Chen Qinyuan , Li Jiaxin , Zhao Junwei , Xuan Wei , Miao Youzhi , Zhang Ji , Zhang Ruifu
Published: December 2024

Sinomonas species typically reside in soils or the rhizosphere and can promote plant growth. Sinomonas enrichment in rhizospheric soils is positively correlated with increases in plant biomass. However, the growth promotion mechanisms regulated by Sinomonas remain unclear.

By using soil systems, we studied the growth‐promoting effects of Sinomonas gamaensis NEAU‐HV1 on various plants. Through a combination of phenotypic analyses and microscopic observations, the effects of NEAU‐HV1 on root development were evaluated. We subsequently conducted molecular and genetic experiments to reveal the mechanism promoting lateral root (LR) development.

We demonstrated that NEAU‐HV1 significantly promoted the growth of lettuce, wheat, maize, peanut and Arabidopsis. This effect was associated with multiple beneficial traits, including phosphate solubilization, indole‐3‐acetic acid and 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid deaminase production and survival ability in the rhizosphere and within the inner tissue of roots. In addition, NEAU‐HV1 could secrete metabolites to promote LR development by affecting auxin transport and signaling. Importantly, we found that the influence of auxin signaling may be attributed to the remodeling interaction between SOLITARY‐ROOT (SLR)/IAA14 and ARF7/19, occurring independently of the auxin receptor TIR1/AFB2.

Our results indicate that NEAU‐HV1‐induced LR formation is dependent on direct remodeling interactions between transcription factors, providing novel insights into plant–microbe interactions.
Historic rewiring of grass flowering time pathways and implications for crop improvement under climate change
Authors: Verrico Brittany , Preston Jill C.
Published: December 2024

Grasses are fundamental to human survival, providing a large percentage of our calories, fuel, and fodder for livestock, and an enormous global carbon sink. A particularly important part of the grass plant is the grain‐producing inflorescence that develops in response to both internal and external signals that converge at the shoot tip to influence meristem behavior. Abiotic signals that trigger reproductive development vary across the grass family, mostly due to the unique ecological and phylogenetic histories of each clade. The time it takes a grass to flower has implications for its ability to escape harsh environments, while also indirectly affecting abiotic stress tolerance, inflorescence architecture, and grain yield. Here, we synthesize recent insights into the evolution of grass flowering time in response to past climate change, particularly focusing on genetic convergence in underlying traits. We then discuss how and why the rewiring of a shared ancestral flowering pathway affects grass yields, and outline ways in which researchers are using this and other information to breed higher yielding, climate‐proof cereal crops.
A Rare Invasive Fungal Osteomyelitis of the Orofacial Region Caused by Curvularia Species–Case Report
Authors: Anand Jawahar , Bodduluri Harshini , Desai Anil Kumar , Sahana B. A.
Published: December 2024

Amid this pandemic, COVID‐19 patients are acquiring secondary invasive fungal infections such as mucormycosis. The primary reason for such invasive sinonasal infections in people with COVID‐19 is an ideal environment of low oxygen, high glucose levels, acidic medium, high iron levels, and immunosuppression coupled with several other risk factors including prolonged hospitalisation with or without mechanical ventilators. Even though mucormycosis is commonly reported in COVID‐19 patients, we reported an unusual case of invasive fungal osteomyelitis of the maxilla caused by Curvularia species in a recovered COVID‐19 patient. Intraoral manifestation of Curvularia species is rare and seldom reported in the literature. Sinusitis due to unusual fungal pathogens, like Curvularia, is thought to occur primarily in immunocompromised individuals and poorly controlled diabetics. The invasive fungal disease spreads rapidly, and hence prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary to avoid high mortality and morbidity rates.
A novel geminivirus‐derived 3′ flanking sequence of terminator mediates the gene expression enhancement
Authors: Zhang Yi , Xian Yibo , Yang Heng , Yang Xuangang , Yu Tianli , Liu Sai , Liang Minting , Jiang Xianzhi , Deng Shulin
Published: December 2024

Exploring the new elements to re‐design the expression cassette is crucial in synthetic biology. Viruses are one of the most important sources for exploring gene expression elements. In this study, we found that the DNA sequence of the SBG51 deltasatellite from the Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) greatly enhanced the gene expression when flanked downstream of the terminator. The SBG51 sequence increased transient GFP gene expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves by up to ~6 times and ~10 times compared to the gene expression controlled by the UBQ10 promoter and 35S promoter alone, respectively. The increased GFP gene expression level contributed to the continuous accumulation of GFP protein and GFP fluorescence until 8 days post‐inoculation (dpi). The SBG51 sequence also enhanced the gene expression in the transgenic Arabidopsis plants and maintained the spatio‐temporal pattern of the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and TOO MANY MOUTHS (TMM) promoters. We identified a 123 bp of AT‐rich sequence containing seven “ATAAA” or “TTAAA” elements from the SBG51 DNA, which had the gene expression enhancement effect. Furthermore, the artificial synthetic sequences containing tandem repeated “ATAAA” or “TTAAA” elements were sufficient to increase the gene expression but did not alter the polyadenylation of mRNA, similar to the function of matrix attachment regions (MAR). Additionally, the compact artificial synthetic sequence also had an effect on yeast when the expression cassette was integrated into the genome. We conclude that the geminivirus deltasatellite‐derived sequence and the “ATAAA”/“TTAAA” elements are powerful tools for enhancing gene expression.
Revisiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis, an Expanding Frontier Between Host Plants and Pathogens
Authors: Liu Yuhan , Chen Yong , Li Boqiang , Jing Yanping , Tian Shiping , Chen Tong
Published: December 2024

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as the primary site for protein biosynthesis and processing, with ER homeostasis being essential for the survival of plant cells. Numerous studies have underscored the pivotal role of the ER as a battleground for host–pathogen interactions. Pathogens secrete effectors to subvert the host ER and manipulate ER‐mediated defense responses, fostering an infection‐permissive environment for their proliferation. Plants respond to these challenges by triggering ER stress responses, including the unfolded protein response (UPR), autophagy, and cell death pathways, to combat pathogens and ensure survival. Consequently, plants are faced with a life‐or‐death decision, directly influencing the outcomes of pathogen infection. In this review, recent advances in manipulating host ER homeostasis by pathogens are introduced, further key counteracting strategies employed by host plants to maintain ER homeostasis during infection are summarized, and finally, several pending questions the studies involving both parties in this evolving field are proposed.
Pragmatic cosmopolitanism in a parochial space: How international‐student returnees (re)negotiate home in Teochew, China
Authors: Lin Zixun
Published: December 2024

This article explores the notion of pragmatic cosmopolitanism in Teochew, China. It examines the way international student returnees perceive their sense of belonging at home and their cosmopolitan identities in a parochial area. Based on ethnographic research, this article offers a unique perspective from a specific regional space with significant migrant history that has witnessed dramatic socio‐economic changes since China's ‘open door’ policy. Although the life trajectories of international student returnees reveal aspects of cosmopolitanism, they are deeply rooted in the moral obligation of filial piety in Teochew. Their life trajectories continue to be shaped and reshaped by familial expectations of kinship, marriage, and succession. Meanwhile, they struggle to maintain their cosmopolitan identities from the negotiable elements of returning, realised through their consumption choices and friendship circle.
Description, difference and history, in Melanesia, for example
Authors: Hirsch Eric , Rollason Will
Published: December 2024

This article is about the relationship between common history and specific cultures. Specifically, it seeks a resolution to the ongoing problem of which of these should be given logical priority in anthropology— that is, which should be given the status of first cause. This problem is exemplified in the 1990s debate between proponents of the so‐called ‘New Melanesian Ethnography’ and those of the ‘New Melanesian History’. Thinking through the Parliament House sculptures controversy that erupted in Papua New Guinea in 2013, we draw an analogy between the work of Marilyn Strathern and Dipesh Chakrabarty to argue that difference can be located in practices of description. Drawing on the ideas of Elizabeth Anscombe and Ian Hacking, we suggest that descriptive practices are inextricably linked with intentional actions—that is, intentional actions exist ‘under a description’. On this basis, we argue that neither culture nor history can be a first cause, since both are created by specific descriptive practices—history and ethnography as accounts of the world, for example, but also indigenous accounts embodied in state‐building, Pentecostal Christianity, or gift exchange. We close by suggesting how anthropologists might allow the times and differences of others to flourish in their own descriptive practices and avoid the kind of metaphysical impasse that marked Melanesian studies in the 1990s.
Development of Simulation-Based Learning: G-Code Programming for CNC Milling in Vocational Colleges
Authors: Rubani Siti Nur Kamariah , Tukiman Nur Najiehah , Hamzah Norhasyimah , Zakaria Normah , Ariffin Arihasnida
Published: December 2024

Traditional teaching approaches for G-code programming of CNC milling machines can be difficult for students to visualise the machine movements related to G-Code. G-code programming for CNC milling is one of challenging concepts, requires an in-depth understanding and experience with the movement of the cutting tool. Simulation-based learning is an innovative teaching and learning method that can help students comprehend G-code CNC milling machines. The DDR model is used in the development of G-code simulation of a CNC milling machine and consists of three main phases such as requirement analysis, design and development and evaluation. The simulation was design and develop using Articulate Storyline 360. The benefit using Articulate Storyline 360 its ability to integrate several interactive media into single application. Expertise review was conducted by experts in the field, as well as student evaluation. The feedback shows that the simulation content is well aligned with the vocational college syllabus. Its also stated that the simulation easily to understand and use. Learning by simulation could possibly make students to understand the complex process.
IMPACT OF RIGID WALL BACK SHAPE ON THE SOUND ABSORPTION PERFORMANCE OF MICROPERFORATED PANELS
Authors: Bin Norrifin Muhammad Faizul Kamal , Bin Madzian Muhammad Hadif Haiman , Bin Yahya Musli Nizam , Bin Che Din Nazli , Chin Vui Sheng Desmond Daniel , Sekar Vignesh
Published: December 2024

Microperforated panels (MPPs) are promising sound absorbers with significant potential for enhanced performance. Numerous studies have explored ways to improve MPPs by adjusting parameters such as perforation ratio, perforation diameter, panel thickness, air gap thickness, and material choice. Typically, MPPs are installed in front of rigid, flat surfaces; however, the effect of wall shape has been largely unexplored. This study investigates the impact of three different wall shapes—flat, stair-shaped, and concave—on MPP sound absorption. Both MPPs and models of the three wall shapes were 3D-printed, and their sound absorption was evaluated using an impedance tube. The results show that stair-shaped and concave walls provide superior sound absorption, particularly in the low-frequency range, compared to flat walls with the same air gap distance. These findings suggest that non-flat wall designs, such as stair-shaped and concave, can enhance sound absorption at lower frequencies. This study highlights the potential for MPPs to be effectively installed in front of rigid walls or surfaces of various shapes, expanding their applicability across a wide range of acoustic environments.
HAXPES reference spectra of MoS2 with Cr Kα excitation
Authors: Boyer Alexandre , Gauthier Nicolas , Renault Olivier
Published: December 2024

Monochromatic Cr Kα radiation (5414.8 eV) was used to acquire high-energy photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) data on pure bulk MoS2. The reported spectra include a survey scan, high-resolution spectra of Mo 2s, Mo 2p, Mo 3s, Mo 3p, Mo 3d, Mo 4s, Mo 4p, S 1s, S 2p, and S 2s core-levels, and x-ray excited Auger spectra. The data will be useful for HAXPES studies of Mo compounds.