bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Late-Onset Acute Liver Injury From Azathioprine
Authors: Schwartz Benjamin , Al-Sabti Ram , Reau Nancy
Published: September 2022

Azathioprine is a widely prescribed immunosuppressant. Although hepatotoxicity is rare, it commonly presents as mild asymptomatic liver enzyme elevation or acute cholestatic liver injury. We report a case of a 46-year-old woman who presented with jaundice, abdominal pain, fatigue, and elevated aminotransferases in a cholestatic pattern. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram demonstrated no abnormalities, and recently started medications were discontinued without improvement. Liver biopsy was performed, which was consistent with drug-induced liver injury. Despite multiple years of treatment without issue, after azathioprine was discontinued, symptoms and laboratory abnormalities resolved. This case highlights azathioprine's potential for hepatotoxicity even multiple years after initiation.
A Single-Input Dual-Output DC-DC Converter for Powertrain of PEM Fuel Cell Vehicle
Authors: Dhananjaya Mudadla , Potnuru Devendra , Krishna Chaitnya B. , Patnana Naresh , Bokam Jagadish Kumar
Published: September 2022

Multi-output converter plays a vital role in portable electronic and electric vehicle (EV) applications. In this regard, a new single-input dual output (SIDO) converter is proposed in this paper. Most of the single-input dual-output converter configurations presented by various researchers in the domain of multi-output converters function under particular assumptions about operational duty cycle and inductor current.Also, the issue of crossregulation is still prevalent while operating the loads in many SIDO converters.The proposed configuration generates two output voltages in boost and buck-boost modes without any constraints on the duty ratioor inductor currents. In addition, it doesn't encounter cross-regulation problems; subsequently, the output voltage V01 (V02) is not influenced by load changes in i02 (i01). To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed configuration, a 200 W prototype circuit is developed; simulation and experimental results are validated.
A FPGA based PI adaptive sliding mode controller for PEM fuel cell with boost converter
Authors: Gao Jie , Yang Yuwei , Gu Hai
Published: September 2022

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) is one of the most popular fuel cells for renewable energy production, and this paper presents a DC/DC boost converter structure to improve energy efficiency. To achieve high output power as well as constant output voltage, a combined method consisting of proportional-integral controller and adaptive sliding mode technique is designed. Also, due to the use of adaptive technique, the proposed technique has the ability to cover the effects of uncertainty with an unknown high limit and in addition to improving the quality of output power and voltage of PEM, it eliminates permanent tracking error and guarantees closed loop system stability. To show the operational implementation capability and flexibility of the method, FPGA has been used, which in addition to showing real-time performance, provides the ability to execute the controller at high speeds. Operationality and the possibility of practical implementation of the planned scheme on the existing systems provide the possibility of increasing the efficiency of energy extraction without further investment. The stability of the closed-loop system is achieved using Lyapunov technique and the results of simulation and comparison indicate the optimal performance of the system under the planned scheme and high efficiency in comparison with existing approaches.
Carboxymethyl Tamarind Kernel Gum /ZnO- Biocomposite: As an Antifungal and Hazardous Metal Removal Agent
Authors: Meena Jagram , Chandra Harish , Warkar Sudhir G.
Published: September 2022

ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were in situ mixed with carboxymethyl tamarind kernel gum to generate the new biocomposite. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS)were used to characterize the CMTKG/ZnO nanocomposites. Numerous characterizations were utilized to prove that ZnO NPs had been integrated into the biopolymer matrix. The standard size of the CMTKG/ZnO nanocomposites was developed to be greater than 32–40 nm using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and x-ray analysis de-Scherer methods. Chromium (VI) was removed from the aqueous solution using the nanocomposite (CMTKG/ZnO) as an adsorbent. The nanocomposite reached its maximum adsorption during 80 minutes of contact time, 30 mg/L chromium (VI) concentration, 2.0 g/L adsorbent part, and 7.0 pH. Further research into the antifungal activity of CMTKG/ZnO nanocomposites against Aspergillus flavus MTCC-2799 was conducted.
More Than Strength from Within: Cultivating Teacher Resilience During COVID-19
Authors: Fox Harriet B. , Walter Heather L.
Published: September 2022

Significant added stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to compound and exacerbate historic concerns about burnout and turnover within the teaching profession.  This study used a convergent mixed methods design to investigate experiences of teacher well-being in the beginning months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, quantitative surveys investigated relationships among stress, school connectedness, and teacher efficacy among 146 teachers. Interviews with 16 teachers explored their qualitative perceptions of well-being, how they personally navigated the challenges of teaching remotely, and what their school and/or districts did to support teacher well-being. Interviewed teachers could be classified as growing, coping, or discouraged. Findings suggest that both individual and environmental factors contributed to a sense of well-being among growing and coping teachers.
Mengoptimalkan Peran Pengawas Pemilu
Authors: Purba Ramzit
Published: September 2022

-
Implementasi Trias Politica dalam Sistem Pemerintahan di Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu Eko
Published: September 2022

-
Rangkaian Pemilihan Pimpinan Kampus dan Peran Mahasiswa di Dalamnya
Authors: Ananda Zen Nilwan Wize
Published: September 2022

-
Politik Luar Negeri Indonesia
Authors: Susetyorini Peni
Published: September 2022

-
Ekonomi Kerakyatan vs. Neoliberalisme
Authors: Baswir Revrisond
Published: September 2022

-
Reposisi Peran Negara Untuk Melindungi Kelas Petani Perempuan Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Neoliberalisme di Bidang Pertanian
Authors: Aprodite Skolastika Meitrisya
Published: September 2022

-
Sengkarut Resistensi Pembangunan Jakarta: Dinamika Sinergisitas Pembangunan antara Kepentingan Pemerintah dengan Masyarakat
Authors: Junia Belle Risca
Published: September 2022

Pembangunan nasional pada dasarnya sangat membutuhkan kesinergian antara masyarakat dan Pemerintah. Masyarakat adalah pelaku utama dalam pembangunan dan Pemerintah berkewajiban untuk mengarahkan, membimbing, serta menciptakan suasana yang menunjang. Kegiatan masyarakat dan kegiatan Pemerintah harus saling menunjang, mengisi, dan melengkapi dalam mewujudkan pembangunan nasional. Namun, implementasi pembangunan yang digencarkan pihak-pihak tertentu kerap tidak menemui titik temu dalam menyelaraskan dua kepentingan yang berbeda, yaitu pihak Pemerintah dan masyarakat. Karena kepentingan yang dirasa berbeda inilah masyarakat menolak pembangunan yang dirasa 'mengoyak' kepentingan mereka. Penolakan inilah yang diwujudkan dalam resistensi. Pola pembangunan yang bersifat top-down sudah lama dan masih cenderung diterapkan di Indonesia. Pembangunan top-down ini didasarkan pada perencanaan elitis yang sering mengabaikan dan mengeksklusi kepentingan kelas bawah. Hingga saat ini, Indonesia masih mengalami berbagai dinamika pembangunan yang dilakukan berbagai pihak di berbagai wilayah dan daerah yang kerap terjadi, penggusuran mengatasnamakan kepentingan umum dan berdalih demi pembangunan. Contohnya, di Jakarta, dalam setahun tidak hanya ada satu, dua, tetapi bahkan belasan kasus penggusuran. Berdasarkan catatan Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Jakarta, terjadi 113 kasus penggusuran pada tahun 2015.Kata kunci: Sengkarut, resistensi, pembangunan, sinergi, masyarakat, pemerintah, kepentingan.
Mengintegrasikan HAM dalam Kebijakan dan Praktik Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam (Kasus Pengelolaan Hutan Tumpang Pitu Banyuwangi
Authors: Tuwanto Pebri , Prakoso Aditama Setya
Published: September 2022

Mengintegrasikan HAM dalam pengelolaan SDA adalah sebuah tanggung jawab dan kewajiban bagi negara sebagai pemangku kebijakan serta korporasi yang menjalankan praktik di lapangan. Kondisi ini jelas akan melibatkan suatu proses yang kompleks karena ada kemungkinan mengubah dan memberi pengaruh terhadap kegiatan korporasi yang sudah mapan atau aktivitas sosial lainnya, yang mencakup sejumlah komponen kelompok korporasi, otoritas lokal, atau individuindividu berpegaruh lainnya. Hal ini bisa dlihat dari alih fungsi Hutan Lindung Tumpang Pitu. Hasil penelitian dari penulis menyatakan bahwa alihfungsi Hutan Lindung Tumpang Pitu menjadi hutan produksi untuk kemudian menjadi areal open pit minning (penambangan terbuka) akan terus menuai masalah. Tak hanya masalah lingkungan, tambang ini juga melahirkan dampak sosial berupa resistensi warga terhadap penambangan yang dilakukan. Dilihat dari aspek HAM, resistensi ini terjadi karena ancaman tidak terintegrasinya HAM ketika penambangan emas Tumpang Pitu berjalan.Kata kunci: Alih Fungsi Hutan, HAM, Negara, Korporasi
Pengaruh Tata Kelola Pemerintahan yang Baik(Good Governance) Terhadap Resistensi Sosial Perubahan Pembangunan oleh Masyarakat
Authors: Ulisah Sri
Published: September 2022

Penerapan tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik atau lebih dikenal dengan istilah good governance merupakan salah satu wujud untuk terselenggaranya negara yang menjunjung kepentingan rakyat. Jika dikaitkan dengan perubahan terhadap pembangunan masyarakat, apabila good governance tersebut tidak terlaksana seperti yang seharusnya, maka akan menimbulkan reaksi berupa resistensi atau penolakan dari masyarakat. Akan ada banyak kecurigaan dan ketidakpastian bila pembangunan tersebut menggerus hak-hak asasi masyarakat. Perubahan terhadap sesuatu yang sudah mendiami masyarakat akan menimbulkan penolakan dari masyarakat untuk melindungi nilai-nilai yang sudah ada. Hal ini menjadi tantangan bagi pemerintah dalam memahami apa yangdibutuhkan masyarakat agar keadilan dan kesejahteraan tidak hilang karena pembangunan.Kata kunci: Good governence, resistensi, perubahan, masyarakat.
First record of the occurrence of Pleurotus species on new hosts in Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Authors: Nagadesi Praveen Kumar , Stephen A
Published: September 2022

Mushrooms have wide geographical distribution, with greatest commercial importance, both in temperate areas and tropical regions of the world. The agarics mycota of tropical eco-regions of Bangaluru, Karnataka was surveyed in different seasons from 2019 to 2020 for collection and identification of fungal samples. Detailed macroscopic and microscopic study of fungal samples was identified as Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél. P. ostreatus (Jack.) P. Kumm. P. populinus O. Hilber & O. K. Mill. For the first time, P. pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél was causing stem decay in Mangifera indica L. was reported from India. New host record of P. populinus O. Hilber & O. K. Mill on Spathodea campanulata was reported from India. The 3 species of Pleurotus was reported for the first time from the study area of Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
The results of endoscopic and surgical methods of hemostasis in persons of elderly and senile age with acute gastrointestinal bleeding caused by an ulcer
Authors: Zavhorodnii S. M. , Kapshytar O. V. , Kotenko O. I. , Kapshytar O. O. , Danyliuk M. B.
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study. To define the number of acute gastrointestinal bleeding cases due to ulcer and to analyze the results of endoscopic and surgical methods of hemostasis in elderly and senile patients.
Materials and methods. In total, 463 patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding (AGIB) due to ulcer were treated between 2019 and 2020. There were 323 persons over 60 years of age (69.8 %). A risk for bleeding was identify according to the Forrest Classification (2006). Local hemostasis was performed in 68 (21.1 %) patients over 60 years of age.
Results. Group A (n = 32; 47.1 %) was represented by patients who underwent endoscopic hemostasis by diathermocoagulation, and local hemostasis was achieved. The indication was the bleeding activity: FIa in 4 (12.5 %) patients, FIb – in 14 (43.8 %), FIIa – in 1 (3.1 %), FIIb – in 6 (18.8 %) and FIIc – in 7 (21.9 %). Successful hemostasis was achieved in 24 (75 %) patients, and they were discharged. Recurrent massive AGIB was observed in 8 (25 %) patients for 2–6 days. We have identified the causes of recurrent bleeding: giant ulcers on the posterior wall of the duodenal bulb, lesser curvature and gastric cardia, active bleeding at the time of hemostasis, prehospital anticoagulants, decompensated concomitant pathology. Emergency laparotomy with variants of surgical hemostasis was performed in 6 (75 %) patients. After the operation, 5 (83.3 %) patients died (hemorrhagic shock – 2, multiple organ failure – 2, pulmonary embolism – 1). Repeated endoscopic hemostasis was performed for 2 (25 %) patients with a fatal outcome in both cases. Group B (n = 36; 52.9 %) was represented by patients with F1a stigma who failed to perform endoscopic hemostasis and underwent surgical hemostasis. 16 (44.4 %) patients died (hemorrhagic shock – 8, multiple organ failure – 5, polymorbid state – 2, pulmonary embolism – 1).
Conclusions. Among patients with AGIB due to ulcer, persons over 60 years old accounted for 69.8 %, among whom local hemostasis was performed in 21.1 % with the prevalence of surgical hemostasis over endoscopic one, 52.9 % and 47.1 %, respectively. Surgical hemostasis options were traumatic, more reliable, but resulted in a high mortality rate – 44.4 %. Endoscopic hemostasis was low-traumatic, successful in 75 % of patients, non-effective in the form of massive rebleeding episodes – in 25 %, followed by surgical hemostasis, that led to the high mortality rate – 83.3 %.
Immunohistochemical characteristics of inducible nitric oxide synthase and estrogen receptors alpha expression in patients with keratoderma climactericum
Authors: Makurina H. I. , Tertyshnyi S. I. , Siusiuka V. H. , Veretelnyk O. V. , Synakh O. K.
Published: September 2022

Aim. To examine the characteristics of immunohistochemical expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and estrogen receptors alpha in patients with keratoderma climactericum compared to postmenopausal women with clinically intact skin, to reveal possible correlation between these markers’ expression levels and pathomorphogenesis of menopausal keratoderma.
Materials and methods. The pathomorphological and immunohistochemical analysis was performed on the biopsy material of 22 patients with keratoderma climactericum, who constituted the study group, and on the autopsy material from 32 women in a postmenopausal period without any signs of climacteric keratoderma, who were considered as a control group.
Results. A significant difference was found in the area and intensity of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression between the study group diagnosed with keratoderma climactericum and the control group with unaffected skin, with increasing expression parameters among patients with keratoderma. A significant difference was also observed in the area and intensity of estrogen receptors alpha expression between the study and the control group, this time with increasing expression parameters among the control group.
Conclusions. Patients with keratoderma climactericum demonstrate statistically significantly higher levels of nuclear and cytoplasmatic expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in epidermal and dermal cells than individuals from the control group, which may indicate acute inflammation as a part of climacteric keratoderma pathogenesis. The area and intensity of estrogen receptors alpha expression in material from patients diagnosed with menopausal keratoderma are lower than in the material from the control group, which demonstrates a correlation between estrogen-deficient state in postmenopausal period and the development of skin changes in women with keratoderma climactericum.
Prevention of postpneumonectomy bronchial fistulas in thoracic oncosurgery
Authors: Hrubnyk V. V. , Dushko M. Ye.
Published: September 2022

Pneumonectomy is a widely used surgical intervention in thoracic oncosurgery. One of the most severe complications of this operation is postpneumonectomy bronchial fistula (PBF), and the incidence of PBF after “right-sided” operations is 2.5–5.0 times higher than after “left-sided” ones. There is no single approach to the prevention of this complication. It is obvious that it is necessary to find the most effective methods of PBF prevention in thoracic oncosurgery, especially after “right-sided” operations.
Aim. To study the efficiency of diaphragmoplasty of the right main bronchial stump after pneumonectomy performed with lymphadenectomy for malignant neoplasms of the lung.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the treatment including 38 patients operated on in the volume of right-sided pneumonectomy with lymphadenectomy up to D2–D3a from 2014 to 2021 was carried out. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 – patients for whom the stump of the right main bronchus was closed by the Sweet techniques using mechanical suturing devices followed by a reinforcing layer of interrupted Vicryl sutures (n = 28); group 2 – patients who underwent diaphragmoplasty for the stump of the right main bronchus according to D. A. Chichevatov with our modification (n = 10) after suturing by the same techniques.
Results. In group 1, PBF occurred in 25 %, the rate of PBS was 0 % in group 2.
Conclusions. Diaphragmoplasty for the stump of the right main bronchus according to D. A. Chichevatov with our modification after pneumonectomy performed with lymphadenectomy up to D2–D3a reduced the incidence of PBS by 25 %.
The effect of immunomodulator azoximer bromide on immunoglobulin levels in children with newly diagnosed tuberculosis
Authors: Raznatovska O. M. , Myronchuk Yu. V.
Published: September 2022

Aim. To analyze the effect of the immunomodulator azoximer bromide on serum immunoglobulins (IgE, A, M, G) in the complex treatment for children with newly diagnosed tuberculosis.
Materials and methods. The study was included 51 with newly diagnosed tuberculosis children, which were divided into 2 groups: 26 children suffer from disease, who received immunomodulator azoximer bromide (main group) in combination treatment with antimycobacterial therapy (AMBT) and 25 children suffer from disease who received AMBT only (control group). The comparison group included 30 healthy children. The children from the main group on the background of standard AMBT additionally were used the azoximer bromide (immunomodulator) to correct immunological changes: in children under 10 years of age, 6 mg twice a day, in children over 10 years – 12 mg twice a day; course of treatment – 14 days. Research indicators such as IgE, A, M, G in serum were performed on the basis of the Immunological Department in the Training Medical and Laboratory center of ZSMU by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a device enzyme-linked immunosorbent reader Sirio S using reagent kits LTD RPL “Granum” (Kharkiv), units of measurement: IgE – IU/ml), IgA, M, G – g/l. The study was conducted at the beginning of intensive phase (IF) AMBT and at the end of the AMBT maintenance phase (MF). The study results were processed on a personal computer using the statistical package of the licensed program Statistica, version 13 (Copyright 1984–2018 TIBCO Software Inc. All rights reserved, License No. JPZ8041382130ARCN10-J).
Results. Children with newly diagnosed tuberculosis, who received immunomodulator azoximer bromide in combination therapy, after the end of the AMBT MF was determined by the normalization of serum IgA levels (1.22 (0.75; 1.74) g/l against 1.70 (1.11; 2.01) g/l, P < 0.02), which was 1.4 times lower than children who received only AMBT. The levels of IgE and M throughout the course of treatment were within the age norm with decreasing at the end of treatment, and the level of IgG throughout the course of treatment remained significantly higher than that of the healthy children group. Children with newly detected tuberculosis who received only AMBT, after the end of AMBT MF on the background of normal levels of IgE and M, the level of IgA remained significantly higher in 1.4 times, and the level of IgG tended to increase.
Conclusions. Considering the obtained results, children with newly detected tuberculosis, who received of the immunomodulator azoximer bromide in complex treatment, helped to normalize of IgA level in serum, after completion of treatment. Therefore, the effect of the immunomodulator azoximer bromide in the complex therapy of children with newly detected tuberculosis on immunoglobulin indicators were significant, which would improve the effectiveness of antimycobacterial therapy in this contingent of patients in general.
Gendering academic positions: Does gender equity project count in Obafemi Awolowo University Nigeria?
Authors: Odeyinka Simisola Mercy , Okorie Victor Ogbonnaya , Eboiyehi Friday Asiazobor
Published: September 2022

The paper analyzed dynamics that shaped disproportionate academic positions occupied by men and women at the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Nigeria between 2003/2004 and 2013/2014 academic sessions. It demonstrated that disparity between men and women in academic positions is not natural but social. The gap is, thus, susceptible to social intervention. The paper identified Carnegie Project as a major interventionist project that has influenced the positions occupied by women in academic positions within the period under review. Before, during and after method was used to establish the influence of the project on gender gap. The data used for this study were obtained from the Budgeting and Monitoring Unit and Centre for Gender and Social policies Studies of the University. The data were summarized using descriptive statistics and while inferential statistics such as Analysis of Variance (AVOVA) was used to make deductions. The results showed that out of 1,041 academic staff in 2003/2004 academic session, 876 were males (84.0%) while 165 (16.0%) were females. The 2007/2008 academic session had a higher proportion of 22% showing an increase of 6% within a period of six years. The 2009/2010 academic session recorded the highest proportion of female academics in the University with 24%. The periods 2007/2008 to 2009/2010 were the peak of the Carnegie programme when there were female scholarships and Fellowships and when a lot of sensitization and motivational workshops were held for female students and female staff. However, by 2012/2013 the percentages of female academic staff declined from 24% in 2009/2010 to 16%. Four factors were found to have accounted for this change. These were the stoppage of female scholarship programmes, awareness campaigns on radios, television and OAU—Carnegie Gender Equity Initiative Bulletin, sensitization and motivational workshops. These results greatly affected the female staff and students whose ambitions were to pursue Ph.D. programme. The paper suggested therefore, that there is need for the university to put in place structures that will enable female academic to develop themselves and thus reduce gaps in employment of academic posts. There is also need to encourage a gender friendly environment for staff and revisit the Sensitization and awareness programmes / motivational workshops. The influence of the project began to be significant on the gender gap three years after its inception.
The Interface: Language, Gender and Power
Authors: Gyamera Vera
Published: September 2022

Language, gender and power are major concepts in many academic disciplines. These concepts are expressed in different ways by different societies. The interface of these concepts is the focal point of this paper. The paper brings to fore how gender affects language use in the society and how power is demonstrated using language citing examples from African and Western context. The study reveals that, language is used to construct gender in that, we use language to demonstrate and convey what society anticipates from both sexes and power is demonstrated and achieved through language.
Body as Capital: Construing Experiential Knowledge of Prostitution and Sex Slavery in Some Postcolonial African Literature
Authors: Kamalu Ikenna
Published: September 2022

Previous studies on prostitution and sex slavery in African literature have focused chiefly on the thematic concerns of the novels such as the moral dimensions of the act but none of the studies has explored the role of language as a form of representation that enables the reader to infer the psychological conditions and attitudes of discourse participants either as victims of prostitution and sex slavery or as active agents in the sustenance of the act. Working within the systemic linguistic orientation and insights from the notion of phenomenalistic construal, therefore, this study explores the linguistic representation of the inner feelings and attitudes of victims of sex slavery and prostitution in Amma Darko’s Beyond the Horizon, Akachi Adimora-Ezeigbo’s Trafficked, and Ifeanyi Ajaegbo’s Sarah House. The texts under study represent sex slavery and prostitution as forms of physical and mental violence against the victims of the acts and a gross violation of their humanness.
Is Gender Equity Possible in Indian Society?
Authors: Adhikari Harasankar
Published: September 2022

Gender differences are social ideals that develop within the matrix of compulsory heterosexuality. Gender differences in Indian society are deeply rooted. The movement and action for women’s equity and justice are also miss-rooted. It pushes women into to more danger. Therefore, achievement of women’s equity and justice in Indian society is far away. This paper focuses this argument and shows that matrix of gender education and gender practices should be changed and it should not be free from sexual lens. Otherwise, gender equity is far away or never be achieved to make gender balance in our society.
The role of men in promoting breastfeeding in Nigeria
Authors: Muoghalu Caroline Okumdi , Eboiyehi Friday Asiazobor
Published: September 2022

Globally, breast milk has been recognized as the best nutrient for newborns and infants. It is also known to be very nutritious in providing all the necessary elements needed for infants’ health during the first six months of their lives and thereafter, essentially for their growth and survival. Recently, the high morbidity and mortality rates of babies and infants in Nigeria have re-awakened this interest of scholars; health practitioners as well as the general public who started the agitation for exclusive breastfeeding for babies at least for six months. While mothers play their part in providing breast milk to their babies, the role of men (fathers) role as one of the strongest influences on the success of breastfeeding among mothers has been overlooked. In Nigeria, it is still believed that breastfeeding is an exclusive responsibility of the nursing mothers alone. It has been found that father’s support has a strong influence on a mother’s decision to initiate and continue breast feeding in the developed countries. Though mothers recognize fathers as a primary source of support for the continuance of breast feeding in Nigeria; little is known about the nature of this support. This is because fathers are poorly informed and educated about the role they should play in successful breastfeeding of their children. There is need therefore; to document the extent their role can affect successful breastfeeding in their women in Nigeria. This paper describes the role men (fathers) should play in promoting successful breastfeeding in Nigeria. It suggests that men (fathers) should support their wives by providing assistance during pregnancy and after the baby is born. It also proposes that men (fathers) should encourage their pregnant wives to feed well, help in carrying babies while the mother is resting, look after the older children as well as providing assistance in domestic chores. The paper concludes that playing such supportive roles will go a long way in making breast-feeding campaign successful.
Silence, a Yell from Self towards Nothingness in Neshani Andreas’ The purple violet of Oshaantu and Chimamanda Adichie’s Purple hibiscus
Authors: Onyemachi Nkiru Doris
Published: September 2022

Beyond voice lies a sound laden with dread. Dread, as Heidegger points out, is encountered in a feeling of nothingness. But nothingness is not an automatic existent; it is built up through actions that gradually breed detachment of self from a whole. This paper explores the journey of self towards nothingness in Andreas’ The purple violet of Oshaantu and Adichie’s Purple hibiscus. This journey is undertaken by the characters, Kauna and Mama, as they communicate with their spirits—silence. The silence of these characters is so shrieking that its echo is strongly heard in the lives of those around them. But are these characters able to liberate themselves after identifying selves or did they drench further into the helpless state they were before discovering selves? This is one question this paper answers as it traces these characters’ journeys towards self-identification through nothingness.
Rescuing the woman from the Achebean Periphery: The discourse of gender and power in Chinua Achebe’s Things fall apart and Akachi Adimora-Ezeigbo’s The last of the strong ones
Authors: Wosu Kalu , Nnamdi Jane
Published: September 2022

A great majority of African cultures are patriarchal, which is to say that the male members of such societies are responsible for the perpetuation of family/blood lines. Cultural practices such as succession rites, female genital mutilation, hereditary, widowhood rites, polygamy, kinship, etc., aggregate to marginalize African women, thus conferring absolute power on men. The perpetuation of the ruses of patriarchy is also enabled through writing. Since literature is ideologically determined, it is created by/through discourse; writing becomes an avenue through which male writers sustain the status quo. One author whose works have sustained patriarchal values among the Igbo is Chinua Achebe. In Things fall apart (1958), Achebe presents a coherent Igbo society whose internal dynamics revolve around an established hierarchical social structure which excludes the woman from the phallic games of power. Akachi Adimora-Ezeigbo’s The Last of the Strong Ones (1996) subverts the patriarchal structures which undermine Igbo women. This paper discusses the cultural constructs which confer ultimate power on the men in Achebe’s Umuofia. Akachi Adimora-Ezeigbo’s response to Achebe’s male chauvinism is realized through a counter discourse which seeks to reconstruct the battered image of the Igbo woman. Female Self-determination, re-appropriation of the female body, and breaking of silences are all discursive strategies adopted by Adimora-Ezeigbo in her attempt to rescue the woman from the Achebean margins. Textual analysis informs the methodology of this work, while relying on deconstruction and discourse analysis as theoretical frameworks.
Chrysippus’ Theory of Cosmic Pneuma: Some Remarks in Light of Medical and Biological Doctrines on Respiration, Digestion and Pulse
Authors: Piazzalunga Arianna
Published: September 2022

The aim of this paper is to explore how the cosmic soul works and how it accomplishes its providential and demiurgic tasks in Chrysippus’ system. Drawing on (i) the analogy Chrysippus establishes between the individuum and the cosmos and (ii) biological and medical theories of respiration, digestion, and pulse, I will show that the movements of Chrysippus’ cosmic soul reproduce the processes of digestion, pulse, and respiration at a cosmic level. My claim is that Chrysippus, in addition to adopting Praxagoras’ notion that inhaled air nourishes pneuma—well established in the scholarship—appropriated Aristotle’s complex mechanism of respiration and digestion based on the teleological role of cold air, crucial for preserving vital heat. So understood, Chrysippus’ application of biological notions to cosmology allows him to endow the active principle with effective causation throughout the cosmos.
Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts
Authors: Liu Hongxia , Wu Jingjie , Cai Zhien , Deng Benliang , Liu Hui , Zhao Xusheng
Published: September 2022

Chinese jujube is a delicious fruit with high antioxidant nutrients. The fruit peel, however, is always discarded due to its indigestibility. In the current study, the jujube peels were collected for red pigment extraction. Six extraction-related parameters (ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio, material granularity, enzyme concentration, enzymolysis time, and pH) were optimized for jujube peel pigment extraction using Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken designs. When the fruit peels were treated with 1.18% cellulase and 73% ethanol at pH 3.15, optimization enhanced the pigment extraction efficiency by 29.7% compared with the control. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) assay revealed that delphinidin 3-O-galactoside and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside chloride were the major components of the jujube pigment extracts. Additionally, the red pigment extracts exhibited high free radical scavenging capacity and strong Fe3+ reducing power. Finally, it also provides us a simple new method for efficient extraction of natural antioxidants from discarded jujube peels.
Group service system with three queues and load balancing
Authors: Savelov Maxim P.
Published: September 2022

A group service system for three queues is considered. At each time t = 1, 2, . . ., with some probability, a customer enters the system, selects randomly two queues, and goes to the shorter one. At each moment such that there is at least one customer in each queue, each queue performs instantly the service of one customer. By means of Lyapunov functions, a criterion for the ergodicity of the Markov chain corresponding to this queuing system is established. The limiting joint distribution of queue lengths is found, and the connection with the problem of balanced allocations of particles into cells is described. In the corresponding problem of balanced allocation of particles, the limiting distribution of the range is found, i. e. the difference between the maximal and minimal numbers of particles in cells.
On a generalization of class of negative binomial distributions
Authors: Timashev Alexander N.
Published: September 2022

A class of one-dimensional discrete power series distributions containing negative binomial distributions is considered. Properties of distributions of this class are investigated. Limit theorems generalizing similar theorems for the negative binomial distributions are proved. The proofs are based both on elementary asymptotic methods and on a modification of saddle-point method.
Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 protein is present in maternal blood in the third trimester and is upregulated by antenatal corticosteroids
Authors: Kramer Katherine J. , Purandare Neeraja , Aras Siddhesh , Parsian Fatemeh , Sadek Sandra , Chao Conrad , Welch Robert A. , Recanati Maurice-Andre
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) is involved in the production of fetal lung surfactant. We have shown that LPCAT1 mRNA is present in amniotic fluid and maternal plasma and that its quantity correlates with the amniotic fluid lamellar body count. The purpose of the present study was to assay maternal plasma for the LPCAT1 protein in term and preterm pregnancies; and to measure the impact of antenatal corticosteroids.

Methods

Maternal and newborn plasma samples were obtained from 7 women admitted to the hospital for induction of labor. Maternal plasma was also obtained before administration of corticosteroids and 24 h after the second dose of corticosteroids from 12 women with premature labor and premature rupture of membranes. After sample preparation, LPCAT1 protein levels were determined using sandwich ELISA.

Results

We discovered LPCAT1 protein in maternal plasma in measurable quantities after 32 weeks gestation. Further, there was a rise of maternal plasma LPCAT1 in response to the clinical administration of antenatal corticosteroids.

Conclusions

Quantitation of maternal plasma LPCAT1 protein offers promise in the ongoing study of fetal lung maturation.
Approaching the audience: engagement markers in Longinus’On the Sublime
Authors: Fang Yiling , Zhuang Ganlin
Published: September 2022

Metadiscourse is a significant method in revealing audience awareness, but related studies have been confined to linguistic markers and current writing analyses. This essay aims to enrich metadiscourse engagement in particular with certain rhetorical figures and to investigate audience awareness in a highly acclaimed Roman-era Greek classic: Longinus’On the Sublime. Drawing from a refined framework of engagement, we find explicit evidence of audience awareness as manifested in the author’s use of engagement markers. We have sorted these markers into four types, including reader mentions (apostrophe and pronouns), directives (modal verbs and imperatives), questions (erotema and rogatio), and appeals to shared knowledge (emphasizers and comment clauses). We suggest that the frequent use of these engagement markers, in particular reader mentions, could be taken as evidence of the author’s strong audience awareness and the cueing effect in facilitating perception. This integration of rhetorical figures into the metadiscourse engagement markers contributes to the audience awareness analysis in a more explicit and comprehensive way.
Irreversibility analysis in time-dependent Darcy–Forchheimer flow of viscous fluid with diffusion-thermo and thermo-diffusion effects
Authors: Xu Yun-Jie , Khan Sohail A. , Ijaz Khan Muhammad , Alzahrani Faris , Bafakeeh Omar T.
Published: September 2022

In this article, we analyze the entropy analysis in unsteady hydromagnetic flow of a viscous fluid over a stretching surface. The energy attribute is scrutinized through dissipation, heat source/sink, and radiation. Furthermore, diffusion-thermo and thermo-diffusion behaviors are analyzed. The physical description of the entropy rate is discussed through the second law of thermodynamics. Additionally, a binary chemical reaction is considered. Partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary ones by adequate variables. Here, we used an optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM) to develop a convergent solution. The influence of flow variables on velocity, Bejan number, thermal field, concentration, and entropy rate is examined through graphs. The physical performance of drag force, Sherwood number, and temperature gradient versus influential variables is studied. A similar effect holds for velocity through variation of porosity and magnetic variables. An increment in thermal field and entropy rate is noted through radiation. A reverse trend holds for the Bejan number and thermal field through a magnetic variable. An augmentation in the Soret number enhances the concentration. An amplification in drag force is noted through the Forchheimer number. Higher estimation of radiation corresponds to a rise in the heat transfer rate.
Exploring the new optical solitons to the time-fractional integrable generalized (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger system via three different methods
Authors: Zhu Wen-Hui , Raheel M. , Liu Jian-Guo
Published: September 2022

This current research is about some new optical solitons to the time-fractional integrable generalized (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) system with novel truncated M-fractional derivative. The obtained results may be used in the description of the model in fruitful way. The novel derivative operator is applied to study the aforementioned model. The achieved results are in the form of dark, bright, and combo optical solitons. The achieved solutions are also verified by using the MATHEMATICA software. The obtained solutions are explained with different plots. Modified integration methods,

Exp

a

{{\rm{Exp}}}_{a}

function, extended

(

G
′
∕
G

)

\left(G^{\prime} /G)

-expansion, and extended sinh-Gordon equation expansion method are applied to achieve the results. These exact solitons suggest that these methods are effective, straight forward, and reliable compared to other methods.
Potenziale quasiexperimenteller Studiendesigns für gesundheitsökonomische Analysen
Authors: Elkenkamp Svenja , Steinmann Maren , Lampe David , Düvel Juliane A.
Published: September 2022

Gesundheitsökonomische Analysen leisten einen maßgeblichen Beitrag für die Versorgungsforschung. Für den Wirksamkeitsbeleg von Innovationen weisen RCTs eine hohe interne Validität auf, sind aber mit einem hohen Ressourcenaufwand verbunden. Klinische Bedingungen sind nicht problemlos auf den Versorgungsalltag übertragbar. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass Quasiexperimente mit dem Einsatz geeigneter Matchingverfahren Einschränkungen der internen Validität aufheben und eine effiziente Alternative sein können.
Versorgungsrollen für mehr Verantwortung in der öffentlichen Daseinsvorsorge
Authors: Dehne Nils
Published: September 2022

Wie selten zuvor lag während der Corona-Pandemie der Fokus auf den Krankenhausstrukturen als Teil der öffentlichen Daseinsvorsorge. Die kommunalen Maximalversorger haben mit ihrer spezifischen Versorgungsrolle eine zentrale Rolle in der Pandemiebewältigung eingenommen. Eine klare Rollenverteilung und eine verbindliche Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Krankenhäusern einer Region scheint dabei zum Erfolgsrezept geworden zu sein. Eine dringend notwendige Reform der Krankenhauslandschaft sollte auf diesen Erkenntnissen aufbauen, um eine krisenfeste Daseinsvorsorge in der stationären Versorgung zu ermöglichen.
Auswirkung des COVID-19-Lockdowns auf die Erkennung von Neuerkrankungen und die Inanspruchnahme von Gesundheitsleistungen
Authors: Michalowsky Bernhard , Platen Moritz , Götz Olav , Bohlken Jens , Kostev Karel
Published: September 2022

Es gibt wenige Erkenntnisse über die Änderung der Inanspruchnahme von Gesundheitsdienstleistungen und die Erkennung von inzidenten Neuerkrankungen während der COVID-19-Pandemie. Ziel dieser Querschnittsstudie war es, die Inanspruchnahme von Arztbesuchen, Facharztüberweisungen, Krankenhauseinweisungen und die Erkennung von Krankheiten während der COVID-19-Pandemie zu beschreiben. Die Daten von 6.000.000 Probanden deuten darauf hin, dass es Einflüsse auf die Routineversorgung während des ersten Lockdowns in 2020 gab.
Bereitschaft zum Krankenkassenwechsel – Gruppenunterschiede und Beweggründe: eine Querschnittsbefragung von gesetzlich Versicherten
Authors: Achstetter Katharina , Hengel Philipp , Blümel Miriam , Köppen Julia , Busse Reinhard
Published: September 2022

Die Studie untersuchte die Wechselbereitschaft von gesetzlich Versicherten unter Berücksichtigung von Subgruppenunterschieden und Beweggründen. Wechselbereit waren 23% der Befragten. Die Kostenerstattung von Leistungen, Serviceleistungen und die Höhe des Zusatzbeitrags waren die meistgenannten Gründe für einen Wechsel. Subgruppenunterschiede zeigten sich u.a. hinsichtlich Alter, Bildung, Einkommen, Gesundheitszustand, Erfahrungen mit dem Gesundheitssystem, Kostenübernahme und der Versorgung.
Präferenzerhebungen mittels Discrete Choice Experimenten in der COVID-19 Pandemie
Authors: Krauth Christian , Bartling Tim , Oedingen Carina
Published: September 2022

Die Akzeptanz der Bevölkerung ist eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung regulatorischer Entscheidungen in der COVID-19 Pandemie. Um Politikkommunikation zu unterstützen, wurden weltweit Discrete Choice Experimente (DCE) zu Lockdown-Maßnahmen durchgeführt. Handlungsempfehlungen aus DCE zu generieren ist aufwendiger, als aus Standardbefragungen. DCE unterstützen dafür eher die Entwicklung von Maßnahmen, die gleichzeitig evidenzbasiert sind und von der Bevölkerung akzeptiert werden.
Gesundheitsökonomische Aspekte von Fitnesstrackern
Authors: Mähs Mareike , Schöpke Birte
Published: September 2022

Fitnesstracker können die körperliche Aktivität erhöhen und somit einen Bestandteil von Präventionsprogrammen bilden. Deren gesundheitsökonomische Effekte sind bislang jedoch wenig betrachtet worden. Die Abschätzung der Effektivität und Kosten von Fitnesstrackern wird deshalb in diesem Beitrag skizziert und diskutiert. Um eine umfassende Entscheidungsgrundlage zu erhalten, kann es sinnvoll sein, auch die indirekten sowie intangiblen Kosten und Nutzen zu betrachten.
Why Is the Placebo Effect Different in Marketing? A Study on Moderating Persuasion by Authority
Authors: Herrero Eliane , Mantovani Daielly Melina Nassif , Lopes Evandro Luiz
Published: September 2022

This study aims to identify mental triggers that explain the placebo effect process in marketing studies. To accomplish this, we conducted two experimental studies in which 62 university students (Study 1) and 121 volunteers from a teaching hospital (Study 2) participated. These studies evaluated different cosmetic products, in which we manipulated the perceived luxury of the packaging. Joint analysis of the results indicates that: a) the placebo effect affects both cognitive assessments and consumer behavioral responses; b) unlike other scientific fields, we did not verify the double mediation of expectation and motivation in the relationship between stimuli and response variables, and; c) consumer expectation was significant only in explaining the response variable when moderated at high levels by the persuasion of authority. We conclude our paper with our finding’s theoretical and managerial implications.
Effect of Metakaolin Content and Water/Binder Ratio on Strength and Durability Properties of Modified Cement Mortar
Authors: Wei Jing , Liu Jiesheng , Zhang Tongtong , Feng Bowen , Chen Yaohua , Zhang Yidi , Fu Wanwan , Tan Xiaoming
Published: September 2022

The aim of this research was to examine the effects of metakaolin (MK) content and low water/binder (w/b) ratio on the basic performance and durability properties of cement mortar. The effects of various mix proportions on the flowability, consistency, water absorption, and mechanical properties of modified cement mortar were investigated. Also analyzed were the effects of MK content on the impermeability, frost resistance, and sulfate corrosion resistance of modified cement mortar when the w/b ratio was 0.31, according to the basic physical properties that were comprehensively considered. The internal microstructure of the modified cement mortar was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. According to the results, 10 replacement levels were the optimum level of MK content in terms of strength and durability properties at a w/b ratio equaling 0.31. Compared with the control cement mortar, the modified cement mortar containing MK showed better development in strength and durability properties.
Ensaio e negação
Authors: De Oliveira Pereira Matheus
Published: September 2022

O propósito deste artigo é realçar a conexão entre a organização do poder econômico e o trajeto da autonomia na política externa da Argentina entre 1983 e 1999. Argumenta-se que esta organização foi um fator decisivo para estabelecer a viabilidade interna das diretrizes de política externa desenhadas no período, especialmente aquelas elaboradas em resposta a pressões de origem internacional. As reformas empreendidas pelo regime autoritário (1976-1983) consolidaram o poder de setores específicos do capitalismo argentino, assegurando-lhes amplo poder de veto sobre as decisões adotadas pelos diferentes governos posteriores. Diante disto, as intenções de uma política externa autônoma no governo Alfonsín foram tolhidas pelas objeções internas feitas por estes grupos, ao passo em que, no governo Menem, a plena concretização de seus interesses implicou em negação do conteúdo autonomista da política externa.