bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teknik Pernapasan terhadap Dispnea pada Pasien PPOK
Authors: Rahmi Rahmi , Irawati Dewi , Waluyo Agung
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine breathing techniques that can be used to reduce dyspnea in COPD patients. The method used is to search articles on several electronic databases, namely Proquest, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Embase, and EBSCOHost, using the keywords Breathing Technique, Dyspnea, and COPD. Inclusion criteria were COPD patients, articles with RCT or clinical trial research designs published in the last ten years, and interventions that included breathing techniques. The results showed that several breathing techniques could reduce dyspnea in COPD patients, including pursed lip breathing, active cycle breathing, breathing control, deep breathing, and yoga. In conclusion, these breathing techniques can be used in COPD patients. Breathing techniques can reduce dyspnea and improve quality of life, sputum discharge, lung capacity, and anxiety.

 

Keywords: Breathing Technique, COPD, Dyspnea
Penggantian Kateter Intravena Perifer sesuai Indikasi Klinis terhadap Kejadian Komplikasi pada Anak
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul , Nurhaeni Nani , Rachmawati Imami Nur
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of peripheral intravenous catheter replacement on clinical indications of complications in children. The method used is a review of eight articles on the impact of intravenous catheter replacement on clinical presentations on the incidence of complications in children using the ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Ebscohost, and Scopus databases. The inclusion criteria for the articles reviewed were research articles published in 2002-2022, accessible in full text and English. The exclusion criteria were articles not accessible in full text and check reports. The study's results obtained eight pieces that followed the study's objectives. The results of a systematic review of complications, 4 of 8 research articles showed that intravenous catheter replacement according to clinical indications did not significantly increase the risk of intravenous catheter complications; three research articles showed no significant difference to intravenous catheter complications.Regarding the survival time of intravenous catheters, of the eight articles reviewed, three reports stated that those replaced based on clinical indications had a longer survival time than those replaced routinely. Meanwhile, from cost efficiency, three articles said that routine catheter replacement increased hospital expenses. In conclusion, replacing intravenous catheters according to clinical indications has a more positive effect on pediatric patients. If surveillance for signs and symptoms of intravenous catheter complications is carried out regularly, signs of intravenous catheter complications can be detected early.

 

Keywords: Extravasation, Phlebitis, Infection, Infiltration, Peripheral Intravenous Catheter, Intravenous Catheter Replacement
Perilaku Pencarian Pengobatan terhadap Penyakit Tidak Menular pada Masyarakat
Authors: Aji Arkham Sukmana , Widodo Arif
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine community behavior in seeking treatment for PTM and the level of public knowledge about seeking therapy for PTM. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results obtained from this study are that most people seek treatment for PTM at a doctor's clinic, and the majority of community education are high school graduates. This study concludes that informants trust the doctor's clinic more, and there is a difference between the knowledge of informants who attend school and those who do not.

Keywords: Medicine, Non-communicable Diseases, Behavior
Bisection Method and Falsi Regulation Method to Determine The Roots of Polynomial Equations
Authors: Puling Tang Melki Imamastri
Published: August 2023

Some simple polynomial equations can be solved by the remainder theorem, so there is no need for numerical methods to solve them, because the roots of equations are very easy to do using analytical methods, while there are some polynomial equations that are difficult and complex to find roots using analytical methods.

In this literature review, researchers will use the bisection method and the false rule to find the roots of polynomial equations. Based on the steps or sequence of calculation of the polynomial roots of , using the bisection method, the author states that from the first step to the eleventh step, if the calculation continues then in the second step f(a)*f(c)>0 or away from zero as shown in table 1 above. The author states that if the twelfth step continues, then f(a)*f(c) will approach zero and it can be seen that there are looping process approaches resulting from f(a)*f(c). This research study concludes that the roots of the polynomial of , using the bisection method are 1.36474675. Based on the steps or sequence of calculating the roots of the polynomial of  on, using the false position method (false rule), the author states that from the first step to the 366th step it turns out that f(c)=0.003195 when c=1,365423447. Thus the polynomial roots of using the false position method (regulation false) are 1.365423447.

Keywords: Roots of polynomial equations.
Analisis Hubungan antara Nilai Mata Kuliah Metode Statistika dan Mata Kuliah Teori Peluang pada Mahasiswa Statistika dengan Korelasi Somers' D
Authors: Reski Wahyu Yanti  , Retno Mayapada  , Andi Sri Rahayu Kasma  , Syandriana Syarifuddin  , Seppewali Andi
Published: August 2023

The subjects studied at university are often interrelated and form an intact of complete  knowledge. This study aims to analyze the asymmetrical relationship between Statistical Methods scores and Probability Theory scores in Statistics students through Somers' d correlation analysis. Based on the analysis performed, it was found that there was a strong correlation (0.612 and 0.716) between the scores obtained by students in the Statistical Methods and Probability Theory. The analysis also shows that the scores of the Statistical Method that students obtained has a significant influence on students' Probability Theory scores. So it can be concluded, that the higher the student's Statistical Method score obtained in the early semester, the higher the chance for students to get high Probability Theory scores in the following semester.
The Insecure Migrant
Authors: Daser Deniz
Published: August 2023

For many Hondurans fleeing poverty, political corruption, violent crime, and climate change-induced disasters and seeking settlement in the United States, insecurity is a lived condition throughout the non-linear migratory journey. Add to that an ever-expanding surveillance infrastructure and thickening of the securitized US–Mexico border, and the very act of leaving arguably becomes political in its assertion of the right to dignified life. In this article I examine how undocumented Honduran migrants living in New Orleans rationalize the levels of risk they have faced during their migration and residency in the city. By focusing on violence—potential and actual—from petty criminals, gangs, traffickers, and law enforcement, I argue for heightened attention to how insecurity is an ongoing, cumulative, and transnational process that migrants face in their search for the good life.
Introduction, cultivar study and cultivar Assessment of tubular narcissus In the conditions of the middle Volga Region
Authors: Prokopyeva N. N. , Samohvalov K. V. , Arsentiev A. P.
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of a comprehensive introduction study of 18 cultivars of tubular narcissus from the collection of the Cheboksary Branch of the MBG RAS in 2016-2022 in order to select cultivars of value for production. The study of narcissus cultivars was carried out according to the classical methods of the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The assessment of decorative and economic and biological features on a 150-point scale in the soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region was carried out. The potential possibilities of cultivars for use in green construction are investigated. In the comparative assessment, the main attention was paid to the decorative qualities of cultivars and their general adaptability to local conditions. The studied cultivars are divided into groups according to the flowering period. 8 cultivars of tubular narcissus bloom early (19.IV-2.V), 10 cultivars – in the middle (30.IV-11.V). The total flowering period is 30 days. The duration of flowering of introductions varies from 7-12 days (in the ‘Stentor’ cultivar) to 17-21 days (the ‘Arctic Gold’ cultivar). The decorative qualities of the cultivars were determined by the following indicators: aroma, originality, plant condition, duration and productivity of flowering, strength and length of the peduncle, size, color, shape of the flower. Assessment of tubular narcissus on a 100-point scale revealed a high degree of decorativeness in 8 cultivars with a total score of at least 90: ‘Soiree’ (92 points), ‘White Triumphator’ (93), ‘Point Barrow’ (94), ‘Grape Fruit’ (94), ‘Mount Hood’ (97), ‘Dutch Master’ (97), ‘Spellbinder’ (98), ‘Beersheba’ (98). When studying the economic and biological qualities of cultivars, the reproduction coefficient, damage by diseases and pests, general resistance to adverse conditions were taken into account. According to the methodology, the maximum score for economic and biological characteristics is 50 points. 15 collectible cultivars received high marks – in total more than 40 points. According to the complex of decorative and economic and biological features, the most valuable cultivars for introduction into the zonal assortment are cultivars with complex ratings of at least 140 points: ‘Beersheba’, ‘ Dutch Master’, ‘Grape Fruit’, ‘Mount Hood’, ‘Point Barrow’, ‘Soiree’, ‘Spellbinder’, ‘White Triumphator’. These promising, decorative, with high adaptive potential cultivars of tubular narcissus are recommended for industrial cultivation and landscaping in the conditions of the Middle Volga region.
Problems of creation of breeding material of the subgenus Cerasus (Mill.) A. Gray with resistance to coccomycosis (Blumeriella jaapii (Rehm) Arx)
Authors: Spivak V. V. , Burmenko J. V.
Published: August 2023

Currently, the problem of ecological production is becoming more relevant. One of the ways to solve it is the use of varieties that combine high productivity with sufficient adaptability to environmental conditions, have high taste and commercial qualities of fruits, are resistant to diseases, and significantly affect fruit quality and yield. The purpose of the work is to identify the problem and determine directions in the creation of breeding material for cherries and sweet cherries resistant to coccomycosis based on a literature review. When performing the work, open sources were studied and used, containing information on the distribution, etiology of coccomycosis, methods of its infection and spread, the stability of the assortment of cherries approved for use in the Russian Federation, as well as electronic scientific libraries. It was revealed that the main problem of creating such an assortment of the subgenus Cerasus (Mill.) A. Gray is the ability of Blumeriella jaapii (Rehm) Arx to overcome the resistance of the host, which is determined by its reproductive and population characteristics. Resistance to B. jaapii in the breeding material of the subgenus under study usually dominates and is controlled mono-, oligo-, and polygenic. It can be obtained with the involvement of donors of resistance to cocomycosis (13 species) in the selection process. Modern varieties and forms were created with the participation of a donor – Prunus maackii Rupr. and P. lannesiana (Carr) E. H. Wilson. The use of genetic methods in the work on the creation of breeding material of the subgenus Cerasus with resistance to coccomycosis will allow its intensification due to more accurate selection of forms with this trait.F
Nuevo registro del gato del pajonal grupo Leopardus colocola para el Chaco Seco de Argentina
Authors: Gattino Laura G. , Gómez Carlos , Peri Pablo , Coria Rubén D. , Ledesma Roxana , Núñez Regueiro Mauricio
Published: August 2023

La distribución real del grupo Leopardus colocola en el Chaco argentino es poco conocida. Este registro surgió como parte de un monitoreo con trampas cámara de mamíferos nativos en el Chaco Seco argentino en áreas con distinta carga ganadera. La detección ocurrió en la provincia de Santiago del Estero (latitud -28,05277; longitud -64,29611), y es el segundo reporte en la provincia y uno de los pocos en la región. Este registro brinda información sobre la presencia de la especie en la zona y la posibilidad de encontrarse en áreas similares del Chaco Seco, aportando al conocimiento de su distribución y tipo de hábitat.
INTERACTIONAL METADISCOURSE MARKERS IN DENTISTRY CASE REPORTS
Authors: Kostenko Viktoriia , Solohor Iryna , Bieliaieva Olena
Published: August 2023

Metadiscourse is essential in creating and organizing persuasive discourse, taking into account the norms and expectations of parties involved. The purpose of this study is to explore the use of interactional (interpersonal) metadiscourse markers in dentistry case reports, analyze their functions within the text, and evaluate their effectiveness in establishing the writer's credibility and authority in managing textual interactions. The research material included a collection of 60 clinical case reports sourced from special dentistry journals for 2017 – 2022. The larges share of all lexical interactional metadiscourse markers is represented by hedges, attitude markers are nearly one-third as much, while self-mentioned markers, and, especially, boosters and engagement markers are underrepresented. Deliberate, cautious expressions of scientific claims mainly achieved in the dentistry case reports by using hedges can bring in establishing credibility more than authoritative stances. The prevalence of hedges can be a way for dental professionals to indicate that their statements are not absolute or definitive. This is particularly important in a field like dentistry, where there may be multiple treatment options or varying levels of certainty about diagnoses. Attitude markers are used to evoke agreement among readers and create a sense of shared understanding, drawing the readers into a collaborative framework of agreement. Boosters as signals of confidence and certainty in the claims being made and engagement markers that propagate the author’s view are barely present in the dentistry case reports. Most of the interactional markers are located in the Discussion and Conclusion sections.
СУЧАСНІ НАПРЯМИ РОЗВИТКУ БІРЖОВОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ: ТРЕНДИ ТА ІННОВАЦІЇ
Authors: КОВАЛЬЧУК Світлана
Published: August 2023

Стаття присвячена аналізу сучасних напрямів розвитку біржової торгівлі у контексті змін у глобальному економічному середовищі. Розглянуті ключові тренди, що впливають на біржову діяльність, такі як електронна торгівля, використання технологій блокчейн та штучного інтелекту, розвиток зелених фінансових інструментів та зміна інтересів інвесторів. У статті проаналізовано вплив цих тенденцій на розвиток фондових та товарних ринків. Зазначено зростання інтересу до зелених інвестицій та екологічної відповідальності, що створює нові можливості для розвитку зелених фінансових інструментів. Також розглянуто впровадження технологій блокчейн та штучного інтелекту в біржові операції, що допомагає оптимізувати процеси та забезпечує більшу прозорість в діяльності. Стаття містить аналіз світових та регіональних трендів, а також надає перспективи на майбутні роки розвитку біржової торгівлі. Зростаючий інтерес до інновацій та зелених інвестицій свідчить про перехід до більш стійкого та екологічно чистого фінансового ринку. Стаття покликана надати читачам погляд на сучасні тенденції в біржовій торгівлі та допомогти зрозуміти важливість адаптації до нових викликів та можливостей, які пропонує сучасний фінансовий ринок.
Retaliasi China terhadap Amerika Serikat dalam Konteks Perang Dagang
Authors: Ibnu Khaldun Riady , Sari Ratna , Ismira Andi
Published: August 2023

The protectionism policy was first implemented in the 2018 by the United States when there was a deficit in domestic trade for Chinese products, under the pretext of protecting domestic industries that could not compete with Chinese products. Then, China responded to this policy by imposing tariffs on US products with the concept of trade retaliation. The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of Chinese retaliation on trade policy to the United States in the trade war. then, the research method used by the author in this study is a descriptive research method that uses data types, namely secondary data sources. This study used the theory of protectionism and the concept of trade retaliation in analyzing China's retaliation towards the United States in trade wars. The retaliation carried out by China as a form of retaliation for the protectionist policies carried out by the US previously had an impact in the form of: 1) a trade deficit of 21% in 2016 caused huge losses to the agricultural sector; 2) a fall in the value of US exports of $32 billion which hurt many US companies; 3) decreased investment due to economic uncertainty due to trade wars; and 4) influencing the US election in 2020 due to trade policies towards China which has an impact on trade wars.
 
Kebijakan proteksionisme pertamakali diterapkan oleh Amerika Serikat ketika terjadi devisit perdagangan dalam negerinya terhadap produk China, dengan dalih untuk melindungi industri domestik yang kalah bersaing dengan produk China. kemudian, China membalas kebijakan tersebut dengan memberlakukan tarif produk AS dengan konsep retaliasi perdagangan, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak yang ditimbulkan dari Retaliasi China terhadap Amerika Serikat dalam konteks perang dagang. kemudian, metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan jenis data yakni sumber data sekunder. Dengan menggunakan teori proteksionisme dan kensep retaliasi perdagangan dalam menganalisis retaliasi China terhadap Amerika Serikat dalam konteks perang dagang. kebijakan proteksionisme yang diterapkan AS pada periode awalnya memang membawa dampak awal yang baik bagi ekonomi industri domestik, namun berbeda ketika China mengajukan retaliasi perdagangan sehingga dampak yang ditimbulkan sangat dirasakan oleh industri manufaktur Amerika Serikat, pengaruh pada sektor pertanian, sampai pemilihan umum presiden Amerika Serikat pada tahun 2020. perang dagang mengurangi defisit perdagangan Amerika Serikat dengan China pada tahun 2019, namun, hal ini berbalik pada tahun 2020,ketika china menerapkan retaliasi perdagangan, alhasil defisit perdagangan meningkat kembali ke tingkat sebelum perang perdagangan, sementara defisit perdagangan Amerika Serikat secara keseluruhan meningkat
PENGIMPLEMENTASIAN BERBAGAI WEB BERDASARKAN KEBUTUHAN PENGGUNA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Miftahuljannah Virna , Suharso Aries
Published: August 2023

Website adalah salah satu koleksi dokumen HTML milik pribadi atau perusahaan yang berisi informasi dan berada dalam Web Server dan dapat diartikan sebagai kumpulan dari halaman situs yang terangkum dalam sebuah domain atau subdomain dan berada didalam World Wide Web (WWW). perkembangan teknologi informasi menjadikan teknologi internet sebagai alat komunikasi utama yang sangat berguna bagi masyarakat. Dari banyaknya website seringkali kita menemukan adanya website yang tidak digunakan dikarenakan tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat, sehingga menyayangkan sumberdaya yang sebenarnya bisa membuat web dengan lebih memperhatikan pengguna. Berdasarkan kajian literatur yang sudah dibuat dengan menggunakan data yang bersumber dari GoogleScholar dan Crossreff dengan menggunakan rentang 2018-2022. Dari jumlah 10 jurnal terdapat 4 jurnal pada publikasi tahun 2019, 4 jurnal pada publikasi tahun 20220 dan 2 jurnal pada publikasi tahun 2021. Dari beberapa jurnal yang sudah direview terdapat jurnal yang menggunakan metode observasi dan waterfall. Dan kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini yaitu masih banyaknya jurnal yang berisi tentang pengembangan atau pembuatan website berdasarkan kebutuhan pengguna serta metode yang biasa digunakan oleh peneliti.
Man made Stem cells
Authors: Zahid Zuhair R
Published: August 2023

stem cells are cells found in most of not all, multicellular organisns. these cells are characterized by the ability to self-renew through mitotic divisions and to differentiate into diverse range of specialized cell types to form a whole organism.
Surgery for wilms' tumor, Does Preoperative Chemotherapy Ease its Surgical Procedure?
Authors: Farhan Saad D.
Published: August 2023

Background: The optimal timing of surgery for Wilms' tumor has been debated for many years. It appears dubious whether surgical ease or per operative complications consistently improved after preoperative chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross section study ,the sample collected from January  2009  to November  2012 .Thirty four  patients were selected after informed consent . Patients aged between 10 months and 5 years who were newly diagnosed with Wilms' tumors. including (17)  patients  with unilateral wilms tumors received immediate nephrectomy without preoperative chemotherapy according to the National Wilms' Tumor Study Group protocol  and (16)  patients with unilateral Wilms' tumors and one patient with bilateral wilms tumor received  delayed nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy following  preoperative chemotherapy according to the International Society of Pediatric Oncology( SIOP)  WILMS TUMOR 2001/UK Final Version /January 2002 protocol.Objective : To compare the use of immediate nephrectomy versus  delayed nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy following neo adjuvant chemotherapy for treatment of non metastatic Wilms' tumor, in terms of surgical morbidity and per operative complications .
Results: there is significant change in the maximal tumor size (more than 50% reduction in the maximal tumor diameter) was observed in 52.9% of patients receiving pre operative chemotherapy. There is reduction in the complication rate in that patient receiving pre operative chemotherapy. These observed specifically for decreasing residual tumor and tumor spillage episodes. Bilateral partial nephrectomy after neo adjuvant chemotherapy was done for one patient (5.6%) with bilateral wilms tumor. We found significant decrease in the complication rate mainly for those patients with high risk score receiving pre operative chemotherapy rather than those with low risk score.
Conclusion: We would favor tumor resection when it is possible as early in therapy as is practical and safe, when there is concern about the safety of primary tumor resection the pre operative chemotherapy can be safely initiated.
Extraspinal incidental findings of spinal MRI
Authors: Joori Salam M. , Albeer Mays R. , Al-Baldawi Duraid S.
Published: August 2023

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for investigation of disorders of the spine. The use of spinal MRI imaging has increased over the last few years, with improvement in hardware such as magnets, coils as well as imaging techniques. Which should lead to accurate reporting of these examinations includes identifying the incidental abnormalities even if they are not related to the spine.
Objective: The objective is to evaluate the incidence, types and associated variables of
Patients and methods: A retrospective study of 507 patients was reviewed for MRI spine at Baghdad teaching hospital and x- ray institute who underwent imaging between January 2011 and fifteenth of august 2012.unsuspected Extraspinal findings (incidental findings) by MRI spine and with correlation to the sex, age group, types of these findings and the benefit of their early detection.
Results: From the 507 patients, incidental finding were detected in 83 patients (16.37 %)   some of them have more than one incidental finding, this result showed significant association with age above 60 years, (p≤0.05)
Conclusion: A systematic approach to the MRI of the spine should include assessment of tissues and organs outside the region of clinical interest to detect and report any incidental abnormality which could have significant impact on patient’s management.
Эффективность метил-трет-бутилового эфира и этинилциклогексанола на повышение октанового числа бензиновых композиций (бензина с установки замедленного коксования + риформинг)
Authors: Гилажов Е. , Кулбатыров Д. , Жолдаскалиева A. , Тогайбаева A.
Published: August 2023

Современным автомобилям требуется высокооктановое топливо с антидетонационными свойствами, характеризующееся октановыми числами двигателя 92, 95 и 98. Высокие антидетонационные характеристики достигаются либо путем глубокой модификации бензинов с использованием процессов каталитического крекинга, изомеризации, алкилирования, либо путем введения в топливо специальных высокооктановых присадок.
Основной мировой тенденцией в улучшении экологических и эксплуатационных свойств автомобильных бензинов является использование многофункциональных присадок, в основном оксигенатов - кислородсодержащих веществ (спиртов, кетонов, эфиров и др.). Присутствие кислорода в молекуле оксигенатного топлива позволяет снизить вредные выбросы монооксида углерода на 30%, а несгоревших углеводородов - на 15%. В представленной работе было исследовано влияние двух таких компонентов - этинилциклогексанола (ЭЦГ) и метил-трет-бутилового эфира (МТБЭ) - на повышение октанового числа бензиновых смесей в соотношениях 40:60 и 20:80 бензина установки замедленного коксования (УЗК) и бензина риформинга. Показано, что использование ЭЦГ как присадки эффективнее, чем МТБЭ, для увеличения октанового числа бензиновых композиций.
Туризм в Казахстане: перспективы развития в современных условиях
Authors: Турсынова Т.
Published: August 2023

На сегодняшний день туризм является наиболее динамично развивающейся отраслью мировой экономики, что определяет интерес к этой отрасли, как с научной, так и с практической точки зрения. Туристы – это потенциальные потребители, имеющие разнообразные желания и потребности в зависимости от цели их путешествия. Индустрия гостеприимства и туризма обычно рассматривается как одна из ключевых движущих сил национального и регионального экономического развития. При этом рынок туризма постоянно развивается и расширяется, что способствует усилению конкуренции и решению вопросов повышения конкурентоспособности в индустрии туризма. Сектор индустрии туризма в Казахстане является одним из приоритетных экономических направлений государства. И если говорить о месте Казахстана в табели о рангах мирового туризма, то, как показывают итоги исследований экспертов Всемирного экономического форума в Давосе за последние годы, туризм Казахстана прочно находится на 80-90-х местах, а по развитию различных видов инфраструктуры еще ниже. Причем, несмотря на обилие различных программ по совершенствованию туристской отрасли за 30 лет независимости, коренного улучшения в этой сфере по-прежнему нет. Предлагаемая статья посвящена перспективам развития туризма Казахстана в ближайшие годы на основе разработанного проекта государственной программы развития внутреннего и въездного туризма Республики Казахстана. Автор отмечает, что среди направлений экономики особое место принадлежит развитию туристической отрасли как высокорентабельной, что является актуальной проблемой.
Contribuição da Ultra-Sonografia Abdominal ao Estadiamento da Neoplasia Pulmonar
Authors: Pinheiro Rubens Souza de Araújo
Published: August 2023

A eficiência do exame ultra-sonográfico do abdome, avaliada pela capacidade de identificar lesões compatíveis com extensão infradiafragmática de neoplasia pulmonar, foi quantificada pelo estudo prospectivo de 60 pacientes. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que a Ultra-sonografia Abdominal é um método bastante útil como triagem e acompanhamento destes pacientes.
Efeitos Carcinogênicos de Baixas Doses de Radiação
Authors: Oliveira Alexandre Rodrigues de
Published: August 2023

O presente estudo visa oferecer ao leitor uma posição atualizada sobre os efeitos carcinogênicos de baixas doses de radiação sobre populações humanas submetidas à radiação de natureza médica, seja de caráter diagnóstico, terapêutico ou ocupacional. Os dados apresentados se baseiam nos clássicos estudos de Court Brown, Doll e Stewart. Os resultados desses estudos possibilitam o estabelecimento de uma relação entre dose recebida e efeito observado, a qual pode ser representada graficamente através de curvas de aspecto linear, supralinear e infralinear.
A Review of Current Concepts In Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Smaldone Laurie F. , Carter Stehen K.
Published: August 2023

Chemotherapy today is a modality predominantly used to treat metastatic or disseminated malignant neoplastic disease. Depending upon the primary site and stage (extent) of disease, chemotherapy can be geared to be curative or palliative in its intent. Chemotherapy can lead to prolonged disease-free survival in a percentage of patients with certain stages of eieven different malignancies (Table 1). For some of these, chemotherapy can eradicate all malignancy by itself in advanced stages when macroscopic metastatic disease is present. For the three pediatric solid tumors on the list, chemotherapy is used as an adjuvant to surgery and/or irradiation to eradicate microscopic metastatic disease after the local modalities have removed or abiated the primary local and residual disease.
Fenretinide: Prevenção em Pacientes Tratadas de Carcinoma de Mama
Authors: Costa A. , Gonçalves M. A. G. , Frasson A. , Andreoli C. , Buranelli F. , Campa T. , Formelli F. , Magni A. , Pizzichetta M.
Published: August 2023

A Fenretinide (HPR) é um retinóide sintético análogo á Vit. A que provou ser efetivo na prevenção de tumores mamários em animais modelos. Este estudo, nesta fase 1, foi proposto no Instituto Nacional dos Tumores de Milão com o objetivo de avaliar a tolerância desta droga em humanos. Neste estudo, 101 pacientes com câncer de mama foram randomizadas em 4 grupos de acordo com a dose diária da droga: 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg e placebo. Todas as pacientes foram operadas no mesmo Instituto e não receberam nenhum tratamento adjuvante (endócrino ou quimioterápico). Exame clinico, testes sanguineos de laboratório, avaliação dermatológica e oftamológica foram realizadas periodicamente. Uma paciente interrompeu o tratamento na 12 semana, por terem sido demonstradas metástases ósseas e pulmonares. Cem pacientes completaram as 20 semanas de tratamento e não apresentaram efeitos colaterais significa ti vos. Em um caso foi necessário diminuir a dose por três dias com o objetivo de verificar a possível correlação entre linfangite recorrente e o tratamento com HPR. A paciente tornou a utilizar a dose de 200 mg/dia e os sintomas desapareceram independentemente. Uma cuidadosa avaliação dos efeitos da droga sobre o ciclo menstrual demonstrou que as irregularidades observadas eram relacionadas muito mais com a idade da paciente do que com o uso da droga. Depressão e labilidade emocional foram observadas em 18 casos. Todavia estes sintomas estavam presentes desde a semana zero e não aumentaram de intensidade durante o tratamento. Duran te as 20 semanas do estudo nenhum carcinoma na mama contralateral foi observado.
Doença de Hodgkin: Estudo Epidemiológico e Clinico em uma População Parcial no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Broecker Neto Adalberto , Lago Sérgio , Radke Rodolfo Coutinho , Costa Ailzo José da
Published: August 2023

Sessenta e nove pacientes, diagnosticados no período de 1979 a 1983, foram estudados em relação à idade, sexo, tipo histológico, estágio clínico e sintomas sistêmicos da doença de Hodgkin. A doença foi mais comum no sexo masculino; a histologia de celularidade mista foi mais freqüente no sexo masculino e de esclerose nodular e celularidade mista no feminino. Na ocasião do diagnóstico, a maior parte dos pacientes encontrava-se em estágio clínico intermediário (III) e apresentava sintomas sistêmicos. Os tipos histológicos, apresentações clínicas e sintomas constitucionais foram correlacionados.
Os Oncogenes e a Etiologia do Câncer
Authors: Abreu Hector Seaunez
Published: August 2023

O artigo de opnião de Hector Seaunez Abreu, Chefe do Serviço de Genética do Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), apresenta um breve resumo e atualização sobre a temática: Oncogenes e a Etiologia do Câncer.
PEMANFAATAN OLABS HELICAL SPRING PADA PEMBELAJARAN HUKUM HOOKE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Dara Phon Kamilah  , Juli Firmansyah
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan Olabs Helical Spring pada pembelajaran terhadap hasil belajar siswa melalui model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBL). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIA 1 terdiri dari 19 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI MIA 2 sebagai kelas kontrol terdiri dari 17 siswa, pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen test yang digunakan adalah soal tes keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode tes yaitu pre-test dan post-test. Data diolah dengan menggunakan rumus statistik uji-t. Berdasarkan analisis data, diperoleh t table = 1,69 sedangkan t hitung = 3,89. Maka t hitung > t table maka Ho ditolak dan Ha dapat diterima. Berdasarkan data tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran Hukum Pascal menggunakan Pendekatan Scientific berbantuan Virtual Laboratory lebih baik dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar.

Kata Kunci: Virtual Laboratory, Pendekatan Saintifik, Pegas Heliks, Hasil Belajar.
PEMANFAATAN LABORATORIUM INDOOR DAN OUTDOOR PADA MATERI SISTEM GERAK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI DI SMAN 1 DARUL IMARAH KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR
Authors: Dian Saputri  , Evi Apriana  , Rubiah
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pemanfaatan Laboratorium Indoor dan Outdoor Pada Materi Sistem Gerak Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XI di SMAN 1 Darul Imarah Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain one group pretest posttest desain. Ujicoba penelitian menggunakan satu kelas dengan eksperimen. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pada kelas eksperimen melalui penggunaan laboratorium indoor dan outdoor  memiliki rata-rata 84.17 sedangkan untuk kelas kontrol 49.23% Dalam hal ini kelas yang diberikan perlakuan dengan laboratorium indoor memiliki hasil belajar yang lebih bagus dibandingkan laboratorium outdoor. Pada kelas laboratorium indoor hasil belajar siswa tinggi memiliki rata-rata 82, sedang 60.58 dan rendah 45,71. Sedangkan pada kelas laboratorium outdoor hasil belajar siswa tinggi memiliki rata-rata 72.5, sedang 59.47 dan rendah 50. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa pada materi sistem gerak di SMA Negeri 1 Darul Imarah pada laboratorium indoor dan outdoor.

 

Kata Kunci : Hasil Belajar; Laboratorium indoor; Laboratorium outdoor
PEMBUATAN MINYAK SIMPLAH MENGGUNAKAN BUAH KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) SEBAGAI OBAT TRADISIONAL DI GAMPONG LAMPAKUK KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR
Authors: Dinda Marvida  , Evi Apriana  , Almukaramah  , Nurul Akmal
Published: August 2023

Minyak simplah adalah minyak dari olahan buah kelapa yang diolah dengan cara fermentasi spontan yang berbentuk cair dengan warna bening dan daya simpan yang lama. Minyak simplah memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan, yaitu sebagai obat masuk angin, obat demam, obat sakit kepala. Minyak simplah juga banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai minyak urut dan minyak rambut. Bahan baku pembuatan minyak simplah mudah ditemukan. Untuk harga jual minyak simplah masih dapat dijangkau oleh masyarakat. Buah kelapa yang digunakan yaitu jenis Cocos nucifera L. dengan tingakat kematangan buah kelapa tua dan buah setengah tua. Proses pembuatan minyak simplah memiliki 8 tahapan yaitu, pemilihan bahan baku, pengupasan kulit, penyimpanan buah kelapa, pemarutan buah kelapa, pengendapan/fermentasi, penyaringan tahap pertama, penyaringan tahap akhir dan pengemasan produk. pengemasan minyak simplah di wadah yang kedap udara dan terhindar dari paparan sinar matahari langsung. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan buah kelapa sebanyak 50 buah, dengan jumlah buah kelapa tua 25 buah dan buah kelapa setengah tua sebanyak 25 buah. dari hasil pembuatan minyak simplah diperoleh minyak simplah sebanyak 740 ml.

 

Kata Kunci : buah kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.), fermentasi dan pemanfaatan
Hambatan Siswa Dalam Penggunaan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) pada Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Rismawati  , Orin Asdarina  , Rahmad Fauzi
Published: August 2023

Matematika merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang perlu pemanfaatan TIK dalam proses pembelajarannya, misalnya  Dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal Matriks siswa dapat  mengunakan batuan aplikasi Geogebra. Namun pada kenyataannya disekolah pemanfaatan atau penggunaan TIK belum maksimal dan kebanyakan siswa belum bisa menggunakan komputer dalam pembelajaran matematika sehingga perlu diketahui hambatan penggunaan TIK disekolah. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hambatan  siswa dalam memanfaatkan atau menggunakan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi (TIK) didalam pembelajaran matematika pada materi matriks dengan mengunakan geogebra di salah satu sekolah menengah atas di Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya. Riset ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Subjek riset adalah siswa kelas XI IPA Unggul dengan jumlah 8 orang siswa. Adapun pengumpulan datanya  menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara. Berdasarkan analisis data, hambatan yang dialami oleh siswa dalam menggunakan TIK didalam pembelajaran matematika pada materi matriks dengan mengunakan Geogebra di salah satu SMA di Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya, yaitu: (1) literasi  TIK khususnya aplikasi geogebara pada siswa SMA Negeri 1 Aceh Barat Daya tergolong rendah (2) waktu pengunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi kurang, (3)aktivitas  profesional guru yang memfasilitasi TIK memiliki porsi yang masih kurang hal ini disebabkan oleh rendahnya kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan TIK dalam pembelajaran salah satunya aplikasi geogebra.
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS DAN SELF EFFICACY SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL)
Authors: Annisatun* Fahya , Fusfita Fifi , Usep Kosasih  , Anisa Umi Kulsum  , Marsela Devanka  , Rianti Cahyani
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan rendahnya berpikir kritis dan kepercayaan diri siswa. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematika dan self-efficacy. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) diterapkan sebagai solusi membantu siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika memahami konten, menganalisis konsep, merencanakan strategi perhitungan, dan menyimpulkan dengan tepat dalam memecahkan masalah. Jenis pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode quasi-eksperimental dan desain penelitian Nonequivalent (Pretest dan Posttest) Control-Group Design. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMPN 1 Tegalwaru, Kota Purwakarta pada tahun akademik 2022/2023. Kelas VII B sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VII E sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes deskripsi untuk mengukur hasil belajar dan kuesioner untuk mengukur self-efficacy siswa. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kuantitatif berupa uji statistik.  Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu Kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik melalui model pembelajaran Problem-based learning (PBL) meningkat, sehingga berpotensi mampu mengatasi rendahnya beripir kritis siswa.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SHARE BERBASIS PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PERCAYA DIRI
Authors: Silvia Silvia Aulia Tasya , Nurjanah  , Deti Ahmatika
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan komunikasi matematis peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika. Salah satu alternatif pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis adalah model pembelajaran Think Pair Share berbasis pendidikan karakter percaya diri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran melalui model pembelajaran Think Pair Share berbasis pendidikan karakter percaya dirietode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen semu (Quasi-Experiment) dengan desain The Nonequivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII di salah satu sekolah menengah pertama daerah Cileunyi Kabupaten Bandung tahun ajaran 2022/2023 dengan sampelnya adalah kelas VIII A sebagai kelas kontrol dan Kelas VIII B sebagai kelas eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes kemampuan komunikasi matematis, angket respon pendidik, dan observasi aktivitas pendidik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji Independent Sample T-test, Mann Whitney U-Test, analisis angket dan analisis observasi diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran melalui model pembelajaran Think Pair Share berbasis pendidikan karakter percaya diri lebih baik daripada peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran melalui model pembelajaran Discovery Learning.
Afastamentos laborais no serviço público: aspectos introdutórios do caso brasileiro
Authors: Santos Vanessa da Cruz Nóbrega do , Bonina Noemi , Ferraz Fernando Toledo
Published: August 2023

Entende-se ser relevante que todo planejamento estratégico de uma Gestão eficaz, se interesse pela qualidade de vida de seus servidores em todos os seus aspectos. Baseado nessa premissa espera-se que a partir da análise dos dados emitidos por sistemas integrados de gestão de recursos humanos no serviço público, seja possível verificar os aspectos relevantes para essa observação ser realizada em nível de Brasil. Por exemplo, dentre os diversos tipos de afastamento previstos na Lei 8.112 de 11 de dezembro de 1990, o decorrente de licença para tratamento de saúde, dentre eles o de Saúde Mental abrangido pelo CID F (00 – 99) – Transtornos Mentais e Comportamentais, tem tido um aumento significativo em relação aos demais tipos de afastamento, despertando o interesse em lançar um olhar mais apurado construindo uma análise crítica desses dados. A literatura consultada demonstra que o número de servidores afastados por saúde mental tem se tornado frequente. Assim, a proposta do estudo foi evidenciar a relação entre afastamento laboral e transtornos comportamentais e mentais observando aspectos introdutórios dessa questão no caso brasileiro.
ВПЛИВ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ЛОГІСТИЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ НА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ КОМЕРЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Савицький Едуард
Published: August 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню впливу оптимізації логістичних процесів на ефективність комерційної діяльності підприємства. Висвітлено актуальність проблеми та її зв’язок з науковими та практичними завданнями. Автором проаналізовано процеси постачання, складського управління, транспортування та доведено, що їх оптимізація сприяє зменшенню витрат, покращенню якості обслуговування клієнтів і підвищенню конкурентоспроможності підприємства на ринку. У статті надано рекомендації щодо оптимізації логістичних процесів шляхом використання сучасних інформаційних систем і технологій, впровадження екологічності у логістичних процесах, покращення співпраці з постачальниками. Відзначено, що запровадження рекомендацій сприятиме підвищенню ефективності комерційної діяльності підприємства.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ОБЛІКУ ДЕБІТОРСЬКОЇ ЗАБОРГОВАНОСТІ: ВІТЧИЗНЯНИЙ ТА ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД
Authors: Шепель Тетяна , Вінтоняк Адріана
Published: August 2023

Стаття присвячена питанням організації обліку дебіторської заборгованості. У статті наведено різні трактування поняття «дебіторська заборгованість» українськими та зарубіжними авторами, розглянуто класифікацію дебіторської заборгованості, що сприяє наданню якісної облікової інформації. Розглянуто основні аспекти обліку дебіторської заборгованості за вітчизняного та зарубіжного досвіду. Висвітлені методичні підходи обліку дебіторської заборгованості та запропоновані перспективні напрями їх вдосконалення. Проаналізовано статистичні дані (динаміку) дебіторської заборгованості на вітчизняних підприємствах. Практичне значення отриманих результатів полягає в тому, що вони можуть бути використані для ефективної організації роботи з дебіторською заборгованістю на підприємствах.
Kategori Studi dan Kesenjangan Pengetahuan di Literatur Standar dan Sertifikasi Kopi Berkelanjutan
Authors: Ibnu Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Standar dan sertifikasi berkelanjutan (sustainability standards and certification) telah menjadi tren dalam perdagangan kopi di pasar internasional. Dibentuk berdasarkan premis Teori Perubahan (the Theory of Change), standar dan sertifikasi berkelanjutan bertujuan meningkatkan keberlanjutan sektor kopi, baik secara ekonomi, sosial, maupun lingkungan. Artikel ini merupakan scientific review yang merangkum dan menganalisis hasil-hasil studi tentang standar dan sertifikasi berkelanjutan.  Literatur tentang standar dan sertifikasi berkelanjutan cukup kaya dengan berbagai studi yang dilakukan di negara-negara penghasil kopi  di Asia, Afrika dan Latin Amerika. Tujuan artikel ini adalah mengategorikan studi-studi tersebut berdasarkan temanya dan, berdasarkan kesenjangan pengetahuan (knowledge gap) yang ditemukan, memberikan rekomendasi untuk penelitian selanjutnya. Hasil review menemukan bahwa mayoritas studi dilakukan dengan pendekatan makro dan manajerial, dan masih terdapat kesenjangan pengetahuan (knowledge gap) di literatur. Perubahan pendekatan dalam studi sangat perlu untuk mengatasi kesenjangan pengetahuan (knowledge gap) tersebut. Penelitian selanjutnya direkomendasikan agar menggunakan analisis tingkat mikro dan perspektif bottom-up untuk menghasilkan pengetahuan empiris tentang aspek sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan dari standar dan sertifikasi berkelanjutan berdasarkan perspektif petani.
Abiotic environmental factors driving the biomass and community structure of soil bacteria in an arid region
Authors: Oja Jane , Bahram Mohammad , Vahter Tanel , Sepp Siim-Kaarel , Adenan Sakeenah , Shraim Amjad , Alsafran Mohammed , Tedersoo Leho , Zobel Martin , Ahmed Talaat , Alatalo Juha
Published: August 2023

Microbial communities are important determinants of ecosystem functions in deserts. However, bacterial communities and their relationship with edaphic conditions are poorly investigated in these extreme ecosystems. Here we examined the community structure and biomass of bacteria, including/focusing on nitrogen-fixing bacteria, across different soil habitats in Qatar, using high-throughput sequencing and soil fatty acid profiling. To study bacterial community structure correlations and its edaphic drivers, we determined soil physicochemical parameters. Soils in the studied habitats were predominantly colonized by members of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi, while nitrogen-fixing bacteria were sparse, and the proportion of unidentified fungal taxa was relatively high. According to biomass estimates, there were more bacteria in soils of shrub- and woodlands (known as rawda) in the Qatar Peninsula. This was mediated by the high concentration of gram-positive bacterial fatty acid biomarkers, whereas gram-negative bacterial biomarkers were more abundant in habitats with the highest salinity. Salinity also appeared to alter the community composition of fungi as well as the diversity of bacteria. Overall, soil phosphorus (P) concentration was positively correlated with the increase in diversity and biomass of bacteria and exhibited a pronounced effect on the community composition. These findings suggests P affects bacterial communities in various ways in these hot arid desert soils.