bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome:
Authors: Al Langawi M.H. , Ibrahim A.S. , Andrew C. , Ghiassi R. , Al Mohammed A.A. , Sattar H.A.
Published: February 2016

To investigate the risk factors and characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea records were reviewed retrospectively of 88 patients at a European center (UK) during January-October 2005 and 198 patients at a Middle Eastern center (Qatar) from April 2002-April 2005. A greater percentage (83%) in the UK group had OSA (RDI-5 events/hr) compared to 55% in Qatar (p < 0.05). In both groups OSA was diagnosed more in males. Declared alcohol intake, smoking, insomnia, witnessed apnea and nocturia were associated significantly with OSA in the UK group (p < 0.05). BMI was significantly higher in the Qatar group (mean 34 kg/ m2) than the UK group (mean 31.2 kg/m2) (p < 0.05). The mean age, mean Epworth sleepiness score and associated vascular conditions were similar in both groups and hypertension was relatively common in both groups. It is concluded that obstructive sleep apnea in the West (UK) and the Middle East (Qatar) has similar risks and associations. That in the UK might arise from higher alcohol consumption and smoking of tobacco while mean BMI in Qatar is high although the exact contribution of these factors needs further evaluation.
Successful Surgical Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Vascular Graft Infection
Authors: Arifi M.
Published: February 2016

A 54-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of a false aneurysm in his right groin following Aortobifemoral and femoropopliteal bypass surgery. He underwent false aneurysm repair and infrainguinal arterial reconstruction. He then developed MRSA sepsis in the right groin. The patient underwent a number of operations to remove the infected grafts and distal revascularization to allow limb salvage. His last operation was an iliofemoral bypass via extra-anatomical route, from just below the iliac crest into the popliteal artery using an 8 mm-ringed polyester gelatin polypropylene tube graft, with complete debridement of a groin infection. Postoperative duplex scan and 3-dimentional CT angiography revealed a patent prosthetic graft and the patient made uneventful postoperative recovery. We conclude that this extra-anatomical bypass is a safe technique and a good option for patients with an infected vascular prosthetic graft in the groin after previous revascularization.
Pattern of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Among Kurdish Children in Duhok City, Northern Iraq
Authors: Abdurrahman K.N. , Al Allawi N.A.S. , Muhsen A.A.
Published: February 2016

Although it is a common malignancy, there is a lack of information about leukemias in Kurdish people. To evaluate the pattern of acute lymphoblastic leukemia among Kurdish children in Duhok city/ North of Iraq, and to compare it with available data from other countries, 83 cases were studied of acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosed by bone marrow aspiration cytology, cytochemistry and immune-phenotyping between July 2006 and August 2010.

Data recorded included age, sex, area of residence whether rural or urban, socio-economic status, the presenting features and the initial peripheral blood and bone marrow findings. Ages ranged from 7 months to 14.5 years, the peak occurrence was between one and five years and the male to female ratio was 1.7:1. Most patients were low socio-economic class (86.7%), and 68% were living in rural areas.

The most frequent presenting features were pallor (88%) and bleeding tendency (65%), and 25.2% of patients had a leukocyte count above 50,000 per cubic millimetre. L1 and L2 morphology was approximately equal (51.6% and 46.9%, respectively). The percentage of T-cell ALL was higher than the range reported in other countries. Conclusion: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is an important health problem in Kurdistan region and its pattern differs in certain respects from that reported from different regions of the world though comparable in other aspects. The study recommends implementation of preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for leukemias in the Kurdistan region.
Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia: A known rare complication of heparin therapy
Authors: Shaikh N. , Rahman M. A. , Nayeemuddin M. , Maudali I. N. , Matthias R. , Al Thani H.
Published: February 2016

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rare clinico-pathological abnormality. It is characterized by the development of thrombocytopenia, resulting from heparin administration, which leads to a decrease in platelet count by 50%, or to less than 1 0 0 x 1 0 3 M within 5 to 14 days. HIT causes increased morbidity and mortality, thus it is of vital importance that acute care physicians, surgeons and intensivist should be aware of this clinical entity. We report a case of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and review of its management, including alternatives to heparin therapy.
Abstracts from Other Journals
Authors: Hammoudeh M. , Gehani A. A.
Published: February 2016

Relapse prevention with antipsychotic drugs compared with placebo in patients with schizophrenia has not been sufficiently addressed by previous systematic reviews. We aimed to assess the association between such drugs and various outcomes in patients with schizophrenia to resolve controversial issues.
Effect of Body Mass Index on IVF Procedure and Outcome
Authors: Al Marzooqi T.
Published: February 2016

Abstract Objective: The objective was to explore the body mass index (BMI) of women as related to the different parameters of the in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure and outcome.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study on 206 couples analyzed epidemiological features, characteristics of ovarian stimulation and number and quality of retrieved oocytes, as well as pregnancy outcome according to three groups of BMI values: 20>BMI, 28>BMI > 20 and BMI >28 kg/m2.

Results: The prevalence of underweight and overweight women was 15.5% and 41.3%, respectively. The mean ratio of follicle-stimulating hormone to luteinizing hormone increased significantly according to BMI. An increase in the mean number of consummated gonadotropin ampoules together with a decrease in the number of collected oocytes was observed in long stimulation protocol cycles when BMI >28 kg/m2. The same observations were made in short stimulation protocol cycles for 20 > BMI and BMI > 28 kg/m2. No significant relationship could be between clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates and a patient status as underweight, normal weight, or overweight.

Conclusions: Both underweight and overweight have negative effects on IVF parameters and outcome leading to decreased chances of pregnancy.
The role of serum surfactant protein D as a biomarker of exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Zien Alaabden Alaa , Mohammad Yousser , Fahoum Sahar
Published: February 2016

Background: The exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major factor for the high mortality associated with the disease. There is a paucity in the lung-specific biomarkers which diagnose these exacerbations. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a promising biomarker in predicting clinical outcomes for patients with COPD, is lung-specific and can be detected in serum. However, the profile in which serum concentrations of SP-D change during acute exacerbation is still unclear. This study aims to estimate and compare the concentrations of serum SP-D in patients with stable disease and during the exacerbation. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted which composed of apparently healthy individuals (n = 28), which included 14 smokers and 14 nonsmokers, patients with stable COPD (n = 28), and patients experiencing acute exacerbations (n = 28). Pulmonary functions were performed for all groups. Serum SP-D concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These concentrations were compared by analysis of variance. Results: Serum SP-D levels were significantly elevated in patients with acute exacerbations (508.733 ± 102.813 ng/ml) compared to patients with stable COPD (337.916 ± 86.265 ng/ml) and healthy subjects (177.313 ± 46.998 ng/ml; p <  0.001). Serum SP-D levels correlated inversely with lung function parameters including FEV1%pred, FVC%pred and FEV1/FVC. Conclusion: Serum SP-D levels are raised early on during acute exacerbations of COPD, which could be a potential early diagnostic biomarker for COPD exacerbations.
Movimiento social de Aysén. Un caso de análisis de incidecia ciudadana en la agenda de políticas públicas
Authors: Pérez Miguel
Published: January 2016

El presente estudio de caso tiene el objetivo de obtener aprendizajes para el diseño de políticas públicas con enfoque territorial. Para ello se propuso estudiar la movilización social de Aysén y su impacto en la agenda pública. La región de Aysén presenta un crecimiento económico estable, no obstante es la cuarta región más desigual del país. Ajustando regionalmente la línea de la pobreza acorde al costo de vida, ésta podría duplicarse en relación a la medición actual. Del total de los acuerdos planteados en la mesa social de Aysén, un 76% de las iniciativas emanadas del movimiento no fueron consideradas en el Plan de Gobierno 2010 – 2014. Por lo tanto, el nivel de incidencia en las políticas públicas fue bajo. La mayoría de las propuestas de gobierno se enfocaron en cambios de orientación de instrumentos públicos. En menor grado se generaron modificaciones a los métodos de gestión pública y definitivamente no se lograron cambios en la cultura organizacional del Estado. La resistencia a cambios profundos por parte del Ejecutivo queda en evidencia tras la omisión de acciones que pretendían impactar en el nivel más alto de incidencia en agenda pública.
Implantación de la política en salud materna en la República de Chile y Perú: una observación desde la dimensión de gestión
Authors: Sánchez Keller
Published: January 2016

Con el objetivo de entender la alta variabilidad en la mortalidad materna en América Latina y el Caribe, esta investigación analiza los casos de la República de Perú y la República de Chile, utilizando una metodología con enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo. Se observó que en materia de diseño organizacional los ministerios de salud que cuentan con una estructura organizacional segmentada y fragmentada, presentan dificultades para articular sus acciones, no logrando las coberturas para la población, generando una mayor inequidad en el acceso a atención médica. En este mismo sentido se observan diferencias en el énfasis de la política, en que para el caso chileno se concentra en promoción y prevención mientras que en el caso peruano se concentra más en la parte recuperativa.
Four Blunders in the Electroweak Unification
Authors: Light Gregory L.
Published: January 2016

We derive the Higgs mass to be 123 GeV; we also show that the standard electroweak theory is false by highlighting the fact that the photon nevertheless receives a rest mass along with the Z boson despite the linear transformation known as the Weinberg angle.
The Unrecorded Cattle Business and the Provisioning of Social Utilities to Traders across the Nigeria-Cameroon Border
Authors: Hayatudeen Salihu Zummo , Oumar Saidou Baba
Published: February 2016

This paper analyzes the extent to which the unrecorded cattle business across the Nigeria-Cameroon border facilitates the provisioning of social utilities such as potable water, electricity, and healthcare to traders. It uses primary data obtained from 480 traders in 8 cattle market centers in Nigeria and Cameroon, and secondary data on the trade activities. Both the descriptive and inferential methods of data scrutiny are employed to achieve the aims of the investigation. Results of the paper reveal that the trade empowers only a few among the traders to easy access to social utilities in the study area due to misplacement of priorities and under-utilization of available resources in both countries. As a result, the paper recommends to Nigeria and Cameroon to reflect on how to enforce the proposals of the resources availability and vent-for-surplus theories of trade with little amendments based on their prevailing specificities to make the trade official.
The Preference of Direct or Indirect Methods in Preparing the Statement of Cash Flows in Decision Making: An Academic Perspective
Authors: Hardan Abdullah, S. , Qabajeh Majed, A. , Alshanti Aymen, M.
Published: February 2016

Two methods are used when reporting cash flows from operating activities: the direct method or the indirect method, both are acceptable from IAS with a preference of direct method. Thus, this paper examines which method of reporting the statement of cash flows provides useful information the decision makers rely on for decision making purposes. To achieve this aim, participants were selected from academic sector represented by universities professors. The study is based on the conceptual framework: qualitative characteristics of accounting information. To be useful, information must be relevant and represents faithfully what it claims to represent. In order to distinguish more useful financial information from those less useful, enhancing qualitative characteristics were examined. Results show that academic professors provide support for direct method of reporting cash flows over indirect method. The study sought to determine the effect of academic rank on these results. Evidence reveals that full and associate professors endorsed the preference of direct method more than assistant professors and lecturers. These results recommend the legislative bodies and entities to adopt the direct method in preparation the statement of cash flows.
Legislative Policy in Support of Vietnam SMEs: Analysis and Propositions
Authors: Hoang Quy Nguyen
Published: February 2016

This paper focuses on legislative policy in support of Vietnam SMEs. On the basis of literature review, we will analyze the current policies of Vietnam Government and also experiences of some relevant countries. Then, we will propose recommendations for policy in support of SMEs in their development and competitiveness improvements, such as in finance, law, investment in technology, manpower development or trade promotion activities… face to near future international economic integration, particularly the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) recently reached.
The ‘Future Use’ of the Present Progressive in English: Subjectification of the Progressive and an Analysis in Terms of Cognitive Grammar
Authors: Mori Souma
Published: February 2016

This study deals with the present progressive with future time reference. The aim of this paper is to show that the ‘future use’ of the present progressive is, diachronically, subjectified. After identifying the concept of subjectification defined by Traugott (1989, 1995, 2003, 2010) and Traugott & Dasher (2002), I show that the ‘future use’ is more subjective than the use of present ongoing activities, and argue that the ‘future use’ has been modeled in terms of subjectification. Moreover, this paper argues that, although the ‘future use’ does not refer to physically ongoing events, in the ‘future use’ the situation can be viewed as ‘in progress’ cognitively, and proposes a new account of the ‘future use’ based on the framework of Cognitive Grammar, as laid out by Langacker (2008). Thereby, it is shown that the use of present ongoing activities and the ‘future use’ are both based on the same cognitive foundation, and the difference lies in which portion is profiled.
The Relationship between Grammatical Metaphor and Translation from Chinese to English: An Empirical Study Based on a Personal Experience Narrative Text
Authors: Zhou Jiangping
Published: February 2016

Grammatical metaphor is one of the important theories in Systemic-Functional Linguistics. Through an empirical study, this paper analyzes the correlation between grammatical metaphor and its sub-categories and the translating quality of personal experience narrative texts from Chinese to English, and the findings show that grammatical metaphor, especially ideational metaphor, and translating quality are significantly positively correlated. Through analyzing the differences of grammatical metaphor and its sub-categories used by learners of English from different proficiency levels, and the findings show that grammatical metaphor and its sub-categories are significantly different except textual metaphor.
The Conversion in the English Language
Authors: Sahib Gadimova Laila
Published: February 2016

The article deals with the investigation of the conversion in the English language. It states that the conversion is one of the main methods of enriching the vocabulary of a language. As the English language is an analytical one, the conversion is more specific for English. Many linguists have been interested in the problem of the conversion. The author claims that the conversion is a productive method of word forming in English. The author also investigates the study of new word forms from various parts of speech, such as the nouns, the adjectives, the verbs, the conjunctions and so on. Basing upon different sources the author comments on the term “conversion” and provides examples from such fields of linguistics as lexicon, grammar and phonetics. The phenomenon of conversion is widely spread in English. It is connected with the fact that there are not enough morphological indicators, flexions of parts of speech in this language. The author claims that conversion is one of the main reasons of the rich word stock of the English language.
Intervention Analysis and Listening Comprehension Strategy Instruction: Insights from Clinical Supervision
Authors: Rakhshan Amir , Yazdani Moghaddam Massood , Abbassian Gholamreza
Published: February 2016

The present study sought to investigate the effects of adapting the intervention provision framework put forward by John Heron, entitled Six-Category Intervention Analysis, into strategy instruction on listening comprehension performance of EFL learners. This model of intervention provision, having its genesis in clinical supervision, can regulate the verbal behavior and actual sentences used by teachers to intervene in language learning contexts. 175 Iranian intermediate level EFL learners participated in the study. The learners were divided into five 35-member groups including control; written mediation in which no oral intervention was provided; authoritative intervention in which the teacher suggested what had to be done, provided information, or confronted the students; facilitative, in which the teacher drew out ideas, solutions, or self-confidence; and synergetic authoritative-facilitative interventions. These groups received listening comprehension strategy instruction on three strategies of “guessing the meanings of unfamiliar words from the context”, “listening for gist”, and, “understanding cohesive devices”. Preliminary English Test was employed to assess the performance of language learners on their listening comprehension. Results indicated that the application of Six-Category Intervention Analysis while providing strategy instruction induced significant changes in the performance of the groups. In general, facilitative intervention and synergetic authoritative-facilitative intervention groups outperformed the control, written mediation, and authoritative intervention groups.
Procesrechtelijke bijzonderheden in de ontbindingsprocedure. Deel 2: het bewijsrecht
Authors: Bij de Vaate Vivian
Published: February 2016

Een procesrechtelijke bijzonderheid in de ontbindingsprocedure van art. 7:685 BW ziet op de niet integrale toepasselijkheid van het wettelijk bewijsrecht van afdeling 9, titel 2 uit het Wetboek van Burgerlijke Rechtsvordering (Rv). Volgens de memorie van toelichting bij de Wet tot herziening van het burgerlijk procesrecht kan de spoedeisendheid van de ontbindingsprocedure zich tegen toepassing van het wettelijke bewijsrecht verzetten. In dit artikel wordt allereerst betoogd dat niet iedere ontbindingsprocedure per definitie spoedeisend is en zich tegen de toepasselijkheid van het wettelijk bewijsrecht verzet en tevens dat in een spoedeisende ontbindingsprocedure onderscheid moet worden gemaakt tussen bewijsregels die wel en die niet aan een spoedige beslissing in de ontbindingsprocedure in de weg staan. Vervolgens onderzoekt de auteur of de ontbindingsprocedure wat betreft de bewijsvoering in overeenstemming is met art. 6 EVRM en het recht van de Europese Unie.
Wetenschappelijke kennis over de aanpak van jeugdcriminaliteit in de transitie jeugdzorg: invalshoek of vergeethoek?
Authors: Vogelvang Bas
Published: February 2016

Will scientific knowledge about tackling youth crime survive in the current decentralization of youth and family care?

Starting in 2015, Dutch municipalities will have complete administrative responsibility for all types of youth care on the continuum of preventive child education programs to youth probation and re-entry aftercare. In the process of this so called ‘youth care transition’, the use of available and valid scientific knowledge about effective reduction of juvenile crime (distilled from What Works, desistance focused studies and forensic pedagogy) seems to be suppressed by the administrative and procedural concerns that municipalities are now facing. In this article, these concerns are discussed and some solutions are presented.
‘Wat ik ervan vind; de stem van het kind’
Authors: van Heel Lisanne , Hofman Majse , Kooijman Mandy
Published: February 2016

The voice of the child in civil legal procedures

Recent research by the National Children’s Ombudsman shows that minors are, or at least feel, insufficiently heard in civil legal procedures such as divorce and guardianship procedures. In response, a conference about the role of minors in the often complex civil litigation was organized at the Erasmus University in Rotterdam, on the 31st of May 2013. Based on the results of this conference, this article identifies both bottlenecks and potential areas for improvement in providing minors with a voice during legal procedures. The main improvement areas include the communication process with minors, child hearings and the appointment of the guardian ad litem and awareness of his role. Specifically, more attention should be paid to the communication between legal professionals and minors. In addition, consensus should be achieved between the courts and tribunals about children’s hearings. The most crucial improvement area is to change the name ‘child hearing’ into ‘conversation with children’. This modification will reduce the associations with criminal law.
Henry Stimson en het Neurenberg Tribunaal
Authors: Jettinghoff Alex
Published: February 2016

Henry Stimson and the Nuremberg Tribunal

When the Allied victory over the Axis powers is becoming certain, American officials start making plans for the occupation of Germany. In the aftermath of the invasion in 1944, some of these plans are brought to the attention of the Secretary of the Treasury in Roosevelt’s war cabinet, Henry Morgenthau. These plans infuriate him, because he considers them too lenient on Germany, which in his opinion should be reduced to an agrarian economy after its Nazi leadership has been summarily executed. The President at first agrees with this line of action as do most of the members of his cabinet. The only one opposing these ideas is the Secretary of War, Henry Stimson, suggesting economic reconstruction and an international tribunal instead. His opposition seems in vain, when Roosevelt and Churchill publicly agree to this course of action towards Germany during a meeting in Quebec. But the ‘Morgenthau plan’ unravels when it is leaked to the press and it causes an uproar. Roosevelt fears for his re-election chances and hastily retreats. But he makes no decision on the issue and Stimson has to wait for his opportunity. It comes in the person of a new President: Harry Truman. He agrees to Stimson’s proposal for an international tribunal and this brings the United States on board of an allied majority for what is later to become the Nuremberg Tribunal.
Beate Sirota en de gelijkstelling van mannen en vrouwen in artikel 24 van de Japanse Grondwet in 1947
Authors: van den Berg Peter
Published: February 2016

Beate Sirota and article 24 of the Japanese Constitution (1947): the Equality of Men and Women

Beate Sirota has been described as the ‘heroine of Japanese women’s rights’, because she contributed considerably to the inclusion of a forceful provision on the rights of women in the new Constitution of Japan as a member of the Government Section of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP), headed by General Douglas MacArthur. Her role was serendipitous, because at first the Americans were not planning such a thorough revision of the Meiji Constitution (1890). Sirota was not a constitutional scholar, let alone an expert on the rights of women. She was hired only because she had spent her youth in Japan and spoke Japanese fluently. But once she got involved in the drafting of a new Constitution, her intimate knowledge of the position of women in Japanese society proved very useful. She proposed elaborate and detailed provisions on women’s rights in order to counter the expected resistance. This strategy turned out to be successful. Although Sirota was not substantially involved in the implementation of article 24, she returned to the United States in 1947. Since its introduction the provision has been a firm anchor for proponents of the emancipation of women in Japan.
Voor en na Mabo. Rechtsontwikkeling in Australië
Authors: Schreiner Agnes
Published: February 2016

Before and After Mabo: On Legal Development in Australia

Important legal developments are often credited to court decisions. This contribution will firstly discuss the Australian High Court decision in the Mabo case as such. The legal implications of a decision are often emphasised, instead of the actual persons who started the case, as Dutch sociological research has shown. The article will secondly state that in the Mabo case the person Eddy Mabo and his Aboriginal companions were a lot more important. Not that one has to solely think of him and his clansmen as political activists who go to court to change the legal order. The analysis will show that Eddie Mabo c.s. represent a legal culture in its own right. That legal culture has a far much longer history than the two centuries of Anglo-Australian common law. Mabo came to the fore as someone who was entitled by Aboriginal law to bear witness of Aboriginal law. The fact that an Aboriginal actor as such is the pure actuality of law is hardly recognised by the Anglo-Australian legal culture.
Derkje Hazewinkel-Suringa: moed en middenweg
Authors: de Groot-van Leeuwen Leny
Published: February 2016

Derkje Hazewinkel-Suringa: Compromise and Courage

Derkje Hazewinkel-Suringa entered law studies only after marriage and fulfilling about fifteen years of motherhood duty. Once at the university however, she rapidly became a student-researcher, delivered a PhD dissertation on ownership transfer and was appointed as the first female law professor in 1932, at the age of 42. Her professorship was in a remarkably different field, namely criminal law. Twenty years later she published the Introduction to the Study of Criminal Law, which would become the basis for criminal law teaching in the Netherlands for decades. A major reason behind this success was that the book, emphasizing active study of the law rather than passive reproduction, coincided with the general sprit of the post war era. Besides her scholarly work in which balance and synthesis were the major features, Hazewinkel-Suringa was a very outspoken actor in matters political. In 1936, when virtually the whole country was trying to accommodate the rise of fascism in the mighty neighbouring country, she became member of an anti-fascism committee. In 1938 she wrote a plea to the minister of Justice to allow entry of German-Jewish children into the country. During the German occupation (1940-1945) she proposed to close the university because of the dismissal of Jewish professors. She continued her protests against the social mainstream after the war, e.g. writing against the reintroduction of the death penalty (primarily focused on collaborators with the German regime). Hazewinkel-Suringa’s acts of individual courage could not make a difference in the overall political atmosphere of these times.
Papel do cirurgião-dentista nas visitas domiciliares: atenção em saúde bucal
Authors: Bizerril Davi Oliveira , Saldanha Kátia de Góis Holanda , Silva Joacy Parente da , Almeida Janaína Rocha de Sousa , Almeida Maria Eneide Leitão
Published: February 2016

Este artigo relata a experiência de cirurgiões-dentistas que realizam visitas domiciliares como uma forma de garantir o acesso à saúde bucal de uma parcela da população incapacitada de chegar à Unidade de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Tem como objetivo identificar ações e atividades desenvolvidas pelo cirurgião-dentista nas visitas domiciliares. A experiência ocorreu em domicílios de usuários da Unidade de Atenção Primária à Saúde José Valdevino de Carvalho  no Município de Fortaleza, capital do Ceará, no período de janeiro a novembro de 2013. As ações e atividades identificadas foram categorizadas nos níveis básicos de atenção à saúde: promoção, prevenção, investigação de lesões de tecidos moles e limitações de danos. Os resultados mostraram que a frequência das atividades de promoção e prevenção foi alta. A frequência de ações para investigar lesões de tecidos moles e de limitações de danos de problemas bucais pré-existentes foi baixa. Os dentistas realizaram 96 visitas domiciliares no propósito de oferecer uma cobertura total aos usuários incapacitados de locomoção. As ações e atividade de promoção em saúde basearam-se no estímulo à prática de hábitos saudáveis e orientações sobre tabagismo e alcoolismo. As ações de prevenção foram instrução de higiene oral, escovação supervisionada e aplicação tópica de flúor. As demais ações para limitar danos de problemas bucais já pré-existentes foram extrações de dentes com problemas periodontais. Desta maneira, o cirurgião-dentista nas visitas domiciliares assume um importante papel de facilitador para o bem-estar físico e social dos usuários impossibilitados de ir até uma Unidade de Atenção Primária à Saúde.
O uso do correio eletrônico na comunicação entre usuários e uma equipe de saúde da família: relato de experiência
Authors: Poli Neto Paulo , Tesser Charles Dalcanale , Monteiro Gabriel Hahn , Boso Pedro Felipe Mylla , Lemos George
Published: February 2016

Este relato descreve o uso do correio eletrônico por uma equipe de saúde da família para comunicação com os pacientes e agendamento. Tal uso surgiu como consequência de um processo de facilitação do acesso presencial e não presencial. No período de 25 meses houve crescimento no número de mensagens e de remetentes. Das 1437 mensagens recebidas, 61,5% foram para agendar consultas, 27,8% solicitavam informações em saúde e 7,6% eram sobre serviços oferecidos. As mulheres enviaram 87% das mensagens (63,3% delas tinham 20-40 anos). Em 60% das vezes, o contato referia-se à demanda do remetente e mais de 30% à de familiares. A equipe respondeu a 83% das mensagens em até 8 horas úteis. Na percepção da equipe, o uso do correio eletrônico melhorou a comunicação e o acesso e foi bem aceito pelos usuários, não prejudicando grupos mais vulneráveis. Investigações mais aprofundadas serão necessárias para avaliar a contribuição dessa ferramenta na Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Coisa de homem
Authors: Moura Regina Gonçalves
Published: February 2016

Estar sempre pronto para fazer sexo, não expressar emoções e acreditar em todos os outros imperativos de gênero mantêm o “macho da espécie humana” cada vez mais distante da saúde. Acreditar-se e sempre demonstrar que é forte, impulsiona-o a supor que ter saúde é o mesmo que ter virilidade. Contraditoriamente, perda ou diminuição da capacidade de ereção é a grande oportunidade que ele encontra para encontrar-se com seus sentimentos, afetos e sensações.
A expansão da Estratégia Saúde da Família no Rio de Janeiro, 2009-2012: estudo de caso numa área da cidade
Authors: Jesus Reniani Lami , Engstrom Elyne , Brandão Ana Laura
Published: February 2016

Objetivo: descrever os aspectos da expansão da Estratégia Saúde da Família à luz dos relatórios gerenciais e documentos oficiais de uma área da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro no período 2009-2012, identificando fortalezas e fragilidades. Métodos: as análises foram sistematizados considerando as dimensões das mudanças ocorridas na estrutura e processos e resultados em curto prazo; sistematizados na matriz SWOT. Resultados: identificou-se investimentos em processos formativos para diversas categorias profissionais, implantação da Carteira de Serviços, Protocolo de Enfermagem, Prontuário Eletrônico e Academia Carioca, ampliação do acesso aos serviços e participação mais ativa das lideranças locais. Conclusão: ainda há fragilidades, como a articulação das Redes de Atenção à Saúde, porém todo esse processo é contínuo, em sintonia com a Política Nacional de Atenção Básica, na perspectiva da integralidade, coordenação do cuidado e superação de paradigmas no campo da saúde, possibilitando uma mudança na concepção do processo saúde-doença. Foi possível observar mudanças incrementais e algumas inovações importantes, tais como a ampliação da cobertura e do escopo das ações no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde.
Comparison of FT-NIR Spectroscopy and ELISA for Detection of Adulteration of Goat Cheeses with Cow’s Milk
Authors: Dvorak Lukas , Mlcek Jiri , Sustova Kvetoslava
Published: January 2016

This study investigated the ability of two methods to detect adulteration of goat cheeses via the addition of cow's milk, with a negligible effect on the raw materials. Cheeses were produced from a mixture of goat's and cow's milk and were then analyzed by Fourier transform near-IR (FT-NIR) spectroscopy and competitive ELISA. The cheese spectra were scanned in the spectroscope in reflectance mode on an integrating sphere at 80 scans and a resolution of 4 cm−1. The spectra were evaluated via discriminant analysis, and a calibration was created via a partial least-squares algorithm to quantify the cow's milk admixture. A correlation coefficient of R = 0.999 was reached with a standard error of calibration of 0.0407. The results were statistically processed to a median value via a t-test. Adulteration detection by the ELISA method was performed using a commercial Milk Fraud/Bovine ELISA kit. It was found that the FT-NIR spectroscopy method is capable of detecting an admixture of cow's milk in goat cheese as small as 1%. The ELISA method did not return satisfactory results for the detection of adulteration with cow's milk.
3D Mesh Compression and Transmission for Mobile Robotic Applications
Authors: Yang Bailin , Wang Xun , Li Frederick W.B. , Xie Binbo , Liang Xiaohui , Jiang Zhaoyi
Published: February 2016

Mobile robots are useful for environment exploration and rescue operations. In such applications, it is crucial to accurately analyse and represent an environment, providing appropriate inputs for motion planning in order to support robot navigation and operations. 2D mapping methods are simple but cannot handle multilevel or multistory environments. To address this problem, 3D mapping methods generate structural 3D representations of the robot operating environment and its objects by 3D mesh reconstruction. However, they face the challenge of efficiently transmitting those 3D representations to system modules for 3D mapping, motion planning, and robot operation visualization. This paper proposes a quality-driven mesh compression and transmission method to address this. Our method is efficient, as it compresses a mesh by quantizing its transformed vertices without the need to spend time constructing an a-priori structure over the mesh. A visual distortion function is developed to govern the level of quantization, allowing mesh transmission to be controlled under different network conditions or time constraints. Our experiments demonstrate how the visual quality of a mesh can be manipulated by the visual distortion function.
Noch mehr Strandsteine
Authors: Hansen Mogens K.
Published: February 2016

Bogen er en opfølger til Strandsteine fra 2004 fra samme forlag og denne gang med 70 sider mere, hvor endnu flere blokke vises og beskrives. Samme koncept som i Strandsteine følges med en side til hver omtalt strandsten. En farvet bjælke for stengruppe, farvefoto af stenen, navn, beskrivelse (alder, hjemsted, matrix-sammensætning, kornstørrelser, fundhyppighed mm.) samt ofte et lille kort med markeret oprindelsesområde for den enkelte sten. I den nye bog er fund fra Nordsøen/Vesterhavet taget med.
Sten til de vigtigste øjeblikke i livet...
Authors: Hjuler Ulla V.
Published: February 2016

Mange af livets vigtigste begivenheder er forbundet med sten - hvem husker ikke diamanten i forlovelsesringen eller det første badeværelse i granit! Derfor må man være ganske omhyggelig med sit valg af sten gennem livet!
Jorvarmeboringer - nu!
Authors: Sørensen Inga
Published: February 2016

I Danmark er vi så småt begyndt at indvinde energi fra jordslanger i de allerøverste jordlag påvirket af solvarmen – og vi har også ganske få eksempler på dybe geotermiske boringer, der udnytter varmen flere kilometer nede i undergrunden. Men al den varme, der er tilgængelig i fx dybder ned til omkring 100 meter, bruger vi meget lidt i dag – modsat mange af vore nabolande, der er langt fremme med teknologien til jordvarmeboringer.
To jordskælv på 12 minutter - er der en sammenhæng?
Authors: Larsen Tine B.
Published: February 2016

Med knap 12 minutters mellemrum blev Asien ramt af to kraftige jordskælv d. 10. august 2009. Først gik det ud over Andamanerne i det Indiske Ocean, som blev ramt af et jordskælv der målte 7,6 på Richterskalaen. Kort tid efter var det Japans tur, da et jordskælv på 6,4 satte både hav og jord i bevægelse ud for det sydlige Honshu.
Siccar Point - den mest berømte geologiske lokalitet?
Authors: Humlum Ole
Published: February 2016

Vi er i året 1788, dvs. et år inden stormen på Bastillen i Paris. Det globale klima er forholdsvis køligt, dels fordi man fortsat lever under Den lille Istid, dels fordi det kun er få år efter det gigantiske Laki-vulkanudbrud (1783-84) på Island. På det tidspunkt anses vor planets alder for at være 6.000 år, i det mindste i den europæiske kulturkreds.
Les sources orales au coeur de l’exposition muséale. L’expérience du Centre d’histoire de Montréal
Authors: Charlebois Catherine , Leclerc Jean-François
Published: January 2016

Depuis 2001, le CHM cherche à valoriser la mémoire collective et individuelle des Montréalais. Les deux plus récentes expositions temporaires produites par le CHM, à savoir Quartiers disparus et Scandale ! Vice, crime et moralité à Montréal, 1940-1960 ont été des occasions de collecter, de présenter, d’utiliser, de mettre en valeur et d’ajouter aux sources documentaires classiques des expositions, la source orale. L’objectif était de placer au premier plan les témoins des évènements et leurs récits, en les mettant en dialogue avec les sources écrites et les propos de spécialistes. Ces projets ont permis au CHM de développer une approche muséale de l’histoire orale.
Droits humains et conflits armés
Authors: Jeangène Vilmer Jean-Baptiste
Published: January 2016

À première vue, il s’agit d’une chose et son contraire : la guerre est tellement le lieu par excellence de la violation des droits humains que leur relation semble se résumer à cet antagonisme primaire — l’un serait la négation de l’autre. La guerre viole les droits et les droits ont la paix, donc l’absence de guerre, comme condition de possibilité. Puis l’on se souvient que, contrairement aux apparences, la guerre n’est pas cet état de non-droit où tout est permis, mais un espace normé, codifié. Il est question des droits humains pendant la guerre — pour dénoncer leur violation, certes, mais la violation des règles n’est pas la preuve de leur absence — mais aussi avant la guerre, puisque certains conflits sont justifiés par la protection des droits des populations locales, ou en vertu d’un « droit de l’humanité » qui serait un intérêt à agir. Les relations entre droits humains et conflits armés sont résumées dans cet article en quatre parties : d’un point de vue historique, d’abord, où l’on montre leur réciprocité (le rôle de la guerre dans l’évolution des droits humains, et le rôle des droits humains dans l’évolution de la guerre). En reprenant la trilogie de l’éthique de la guerre ensuite : la guerre au nom des droits humains (jus ad bellum), les droits humains dans la guerre (jus in bello) et, en guise de conclusion, les droits humains après la guerre (jus post bellum).
Le « mauvais sujet » de l’aide humanitaire en Haïti : relance de l’imaginaire social
Authors: Corten André , Molina Vanessa
Published: February 2016

Le séisme a fait s’imposer en Haïti l’ordre disciplinaire des organisations non gouvernementales. Tout en apportant de façon plus ou moins satisfaisante du secours aux populations de l’immense zone affectée, l’urgence humanitaire, épurant d’affects l’expression de la souffrance, est parvenue à atteindre la capacité collective d’imaginer de la société haïtienne. Cependant, ce n’est pas tout le monde qui a répondu à l’interpellation « Eh ! toi qu’on est venu aider ». L’objet de cet article est de voir, à travers la parole recueillie lors d’entrevues de terrain à Jacmel, à Léogâne et à Port-au-Prince en 2012 et 2013, comment la figure du « mauvais sujet » qui ne réagit pas à cette interpellation réactive l’imaginaire social. Le « mauvais sujet » n’est pas une catégorie sociologique. C’est plutôt un cliché auquel on associe une certaine connivence ou qu’on pointe du doigt. Colle à cette figure la réputation de « ne pas faire comme il faut », d’être à la limite de l’acceptable. En même temps, elle renvoie à une certaine fierté, une certaine débrouillardise ; on ne se voit pas comme un démuni. Cette fierté du « mauvais sujet » est une expression de la souffrance. Elle ne débouche pas nécessairement sur des protestations collectives, mais secoue l’imaginaire social.
Spatially coordinated dynamic gene transcription in living pituitary tissue
Authors: Featherstone Karen , Hey Kirsty , Momiji Hiroshi , McNamara Anne V , Patist Amanda L , Woodburn Joanna , Spiller David G , Christian Helen C , McNeilly Alan S , Mullins John J , Finkenstädt Bärbel F , Rand David A , White Michael RH , Davis Julian RE
Published: February 2016

Transcription at individual genes in single cells is often pulsatile and stochastic. A key question emerges regarding how this behaviour contributes to tissue phenotype, but it has been a challenge to quantitatively analyse this in living cells over time, as opposed to studying snap-shots of gene expression state. We have used imaging of reporter gene expression to track transcription in living pituitary tissue. We integrated live-cell imaging data with statistical modelling for quantitative real-time estimation of the timing of switching between transcriptional states across a whole tissue. Multiple levels of transcription rate were identified, indicating that gene expression is not a simple binary ‘on-off’ process. Immature tissue displayed shorter durations of high-expressing states than the adult. In adult pituitary tissue, direct cell contacts involving gap junctions allowed local spatial coordination of prolactin gene expression. Our findings identify how heterogeneous transcriptional dynamics of single cells may contribute to overall tissue behaviour.
The beetle amnion and serosa functionally interact as apposed epithelia
Authors: Hilbrant Maarten , Horn Thorsten , Koelzer Stefan , Panfilio Kristen A
Published: January 2016

Unlike passive rupture of the human chorioamnion at birth, the insect extraembryonic (EE) tissues – the amnion and serosa – actively rupture and withdraw in late embryogenesis. Withdrawal is essential for development and has been a morphogenetic puzzle. Here, we use new fluorescent transgenic lines in the beetle Tribolium castaneum to show that the EE tissues dynamically form a basal-basal epithelial bilayer, contradicting the previous hypothesis of EE intercalation. We find that the EE tissues repeatedly detach and reattach throughout development and have distinct roles. Quantitative live imaging analyses show that the amnion initiates EE rupture in a specialized anterior-ventral cap. RNAi phenotypes demonstrate that the serosa contracts autonomously. Thus, apposition in a bilayer enables the amnion as 'initiator' to coordinate with the serosa as 'driver' to achieve withdrawal. This EE strategy may reflect evolutionary changes within the holometabolous insects and serves as a model to study interactions between developing epithelia.
Emission wavelength control of self-catalytic InP/GaInAs/InP core–multishell nanowire on InP substrate grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy
Authors: Ogino Takehiro , Asakura Keita , Takano Kohei , Waho Takao , Shimomura Kazuhiko
Published: January 2016

InP nanowires and InP/GaInAs/InP core–multishell nanowires were successfully grown on an InP(111)B substrate by low-pressure metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) using an indium catalyst. The self-catalytic vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mode was used to obtain high-quality nanowires in which a deposited indium droplet acts as the catalyst instead of a metal particle, as in the case of the conventional VLS mode. InP core nanowire structures dependent on growth temperature and preheating temperature were obtained. InP/GaInAs/InP core–multishell nanowire structures, densities, and optical properties were investigated at various flow rates of trimethylindium (TMI) during the growth of InP core nanowires and the growth time of the GaInAs shell layer was also studied. The growth volume and density of nanowires were mainly dependent on growth temperature and preheating temperature, respectively. The height of nanowires was dependent on the TMI flow rate in the InP core nanowire growth, and the thickness of GaInAs shell layer was controlled by adjusting the growth time of the GaInAs shell layer. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity increased with increasing nanowire height and the peak wavelength was controlled by adjusting the thickness of the GaInAs shell layer.
Compressively strained Si/Si1−
xCx heterostructures formed on Ar ion implanted Si(100) substrates
Authors: Hoshi Yusuke , Arisawa You , Arimoto Keisuke , Yamanaka Junji , Nakagawa Kiyokazu , Sawano Kentarou , Usami Noritaka
Published: February 2016

We demonstrate that compressively strained Si/Si1−

x
C
x
heterostructures are epitaxially grown on Ar ion implanted Si substrates. The ion-implantation-induced defects are found to promote strain relaxation in the Si1−

x
C
x
layers, which accompanies an increase in the substitutional C concentrations. The top Si layers are strained on the Si1−

x
C
x
layers for all samples, and thus the increase in the substitutional C concentration based on strain relaxation in the Si1−

x
C
x
layers is very important for the control of the compressive strain in the top Si layer.
JOGOS PARA O ESTUDO DA MATEMÁTICA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Da Silva Pfiffer Claudimara , Baier Tânia
Published: January 2016

Neste artigo, são apresentadas as possibilidades pedagógicas dos jogos, um recurso didático para o estudo da matemática, no ensino fundamental, sendo destacado o papel do professor como organizador e observador das ações realizadas pelas crianças durante as partidas. Trazendo o lúdico para a sala de aula, os jogos promovem: a sociabilidade e a interação entre estudantes e professor, a oportunidade de tomada de decisões e o desenvolvimento da autonomia. Jogos contribuem para que cada estudante conheça seus limites, possibilitam o exercício de concentração e do controle da ansiedade e podem estimular a prática do cálculo mental. Erros cometidos durante a realização de jogos são mais facilmente superados do que aqueles escritos em avaliações. Vencer um jogo demanda seguimento de regras e respeito aos colegas: atitudes exigidas no convívio social. 