bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Milwaukee Protocol — from idea to implementation
Authors: Starkov F. I. , Shalin V. V. , Mironov V. S. , Mironov A. V.
Published: September 2023

Despite the fact that rabies in the modern world is a rare sporadic disease, the relevance of its methods of treatment is beyond doubt, since in the absence of timely prevention, it is characterized by 100% mortality. As of 2020, there are about 70 cases of experimental rabies treatment protocols according to the Milwaukee Protocol Rabies Registry. The very idea that the human body can cope with the virus itself has been around for a long time. Even before the advent of the Milwaukee protocol, there were attempts at treatment at the stage of clinical manifestations. The first was Michael Huttwick of the Center for Infectious Disease Control in Atlanta, although the scientific community is still arguing whether it was really rabies. The essence of this protocol is the introduction of a patient into an artificial coma, the introduction of antiviral drugs, symptomatic therapy (anticolvusants, mechanical ventilation, etc.). At the moment, there is the sixth version of the Milwaukee Protocol (from 2018), which provides general recommendations for its maintenance, since the material base is too small to draw any general conclusions.
Correlations of cytokines, regulating the synthesis of structural macromolecules of connective tissue, in undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in adolescent girls
Authors: Reznichenko N. A. , Zoloto E. V. , Maylyan E. A. , Lesnichenko D. A. , Nemsadze I. G. , Prilutskii А. S. , Bagriy A. E. , Trunova O. A. , Prochorov E. V.
Published: September 2023

Objective: to study the correlations of serum levels of cytokines, regulating the synthesis of structural macromolecules of connective tissue, in undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in adolescent girls with menstrual cycle disorders. Materials and methods: 176 adolescent girls aged 11 to 17 years with menstrual cycle disorders (MCD) and undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) and 69 healthy girls of the same age were examined. Levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, TNF-α, OPG, RANKL were studied in serum samples. Results: a significant increase in serum IL-6 and RANKL (p<0,01), as well as a tendency (p<0,1) to increase OPG production was found in adolescent girls with UCTD with MCD. In UCTD with NMC, correlations between the studied cytokines are much more common than in the control group (p=0,01). The most pronounced in adolescent girls with UCTD are positive correlations (moderate strength) between the concentrations of three cytokines IL-6, RANKL and OPG. Conclusions: The data obtained reflect the mechanisms of cytokine dysregulation of metabolism and remodeling of connective tissue and indicate the development of a weakly expressed systemic inflammatory process in UCTD with MCD in adolescent girls. The results of the study can be used to develop effective individualized schemes of therapeutic and preventive measures.
Effect of Freezing On Some Morphometric Features of Planiliza Abu ( Hekel,1843)
Authors: I. Ghazwan Muhammad
Published: September 2023

The present study attempts to determine the effect of freezing for different periods on preserved bodies of fish in the laboratory to keep for the research and diagnosis of taxonomic studies and not for consumption. It also endeavors to identify the effect of freezing on some morphometric features of the preserved bodies of fishes. Planiliza abu fish were used to conduct the present study. Fish were frozen by regular freezing in the home refrigerator freezer with temperatures reaching four degrees centigrade below zero. Freezing time is distributed over four months; biometric measurements of frozen fish have been taken in these periods represented by body total length, Standard length, and Head length in centimeters using a ruler vernier caliper in addition to body weight in grams by using a scale. Statistical data analysis for this experiment has been conducted to investigate the resulting facts of freezing periods and the effect of differences in freezing periods on these biometric measurements using Duncan's new multiple range test and Levene's test. Results showed no apparent significant differences related to the size in total length and standard length and weight, While measuring head length showed important characteristics of frozen fish, especially in the first and third month of the experiment. Most of the sources that deal with such research patterns are concerned with the freezing of fish intended for food and human consumption, and few of these studies are concerned with research freezing, such as preserving frozen fish specimens for analysis, even for some time. Attention to the importance of freezing for research studies related to fish because of the susceptibility of its meat to rapid deterioration, and therefore, may give wrong diagnostic results if the survey is between species from the same family or a diagnostic and taxonomic study between many species belonging to different families.

Keywords: Body measurements, Coastal fish, External appearance, Ice crystals, Preservation.
Determining Distinct Suicide Attempts From Recurrent Electronic Health Record Codes: Classification Study
Authors: Bentley Kate H , Madsen Emily M , Song Eugene , Zhou Yu , Castro Victor , Lee Hyunjoon , Lee Younga H , Smoller Jordan W
Published: September 2023

Background

Prior suicide attempts are a relatively strong risk factor for future suicide attempts. There is growing interest in using longitudinal electronic health record (EHR) data to derive statistical risk prediction models for future suicide attempts and other suicidal behavior outcomes. However, model performance may be inflated by a largely unrecognized form of “data leakage” during model training: diagnostic codes for suicide attempt outcomes may refer to prior attempts that are also included in the model as predictors.

Objective

We aimed to develop an automated rule for determining when documented suicide attempt diagnostic codes identify distinct suicide attempt events.

Methods

From a large health care system’s EHR, we randomly sampled suicide attempt codes for 300 patients with at least one pair of suicide attempt codes documented at least one but no more than 90 days apart. Supervised chart reviewers assigned the clinical settings (ie, emergency department [ED] versus non-ED), methods of suicide attempt, and intercode interval (number of days). The probability (or positive predictive value) that the second suicide attempt code in a given pair of codes referred to a distinct suicide attempt event from its preceding suicide attempt code was calculated by clinical setting, method, and intercode interval.

Results

Of 1015 code pairs reviewed, 835 (82.3%) were nonindependent (ie, the 2 codes referred to the same suicide attempt event). When the second code in a pair was documented in a clinical setting other than the ED, it represented a distinct suicide attempt 3.3% of the time. The more time elapsed between codes, the more likely the second code in a pair referred to a distinct suicide attempt event from its preceding code. Code pairs in which the second suicide attempt code was assigned in an ED at least 5 days after its preceding suicide attempt code had a positive predictive value of 0.90.

Conclusions

EHR-based suicide risk prediction models that include International Classification of Diseases codes for prior suicide attempts as a predictor may be highly susceptible to bias due to data leakage in model training. We derived a simple rule to distinguish codes that reflect new, independent suicide attempts: suicide attempt codes documented in an ED setting at least 5 days after a preceding suicide attempt code can be confidently treated as new events in EHR-based suicide risk prediction models. This rule has the potential to minimize upward bias in model performance when prior suicide attempts are included as predictors in EHR-based suicide risk prediction models.
Patriation Paradigms: Sovereignty, Power, and Rights
Authors: Sheppard Colleen
Published: September 2023

In this article, I begin by exploring how nation-state sovereignty has been disrupted and challenged both externally and internally — bringing into question the idea that patriation ushered in an era of full-fledged Canadian sovereignty. I then turn to contested conceptions of rights — underscoring the importance of reimagining rights as sources of political empowerment and sovereignty. Such a reconceptualization means that rights become sources of enhanced jurisdictional authority, power-sharing, and self-governance. Thus, I seek to contribute to a rethinking of the two central dimensions of the patriation paradigm towards an approach that celebrates multiple and divided sovereignties and reframes rights as integral to empowerment.
Is Canadian Constitutional Law Canadian?
Authors: Newman Dwight
Published: September 2023

In 2017, Anthea Roberts published an important book, Is International Law International?, in which she asked whether there was actually a unified approach to international law across international jurisdictions or whether approaches to international law differed significantly within different cultural and educational systems. She went further than asking that question but went on to amass significant evidence on educational profiles of academics in different countries, international law textbooks within different national contexts, and ultimately different and competing national traditions of international law. While I will certainly not here amass the same quantity of material in response to the question, I raise here a question inspired by hers, asking “Is Canadian Constitutional Law Canadian?”

To be clear, I ask that not in the sense of whether Canadian constitutional law is distinctive relative to the traditions of other states, such as the United Kingdom or United States, but rather whether Canadian constitutional law is unified at a pan Canadian level. Is there one patriated body of constitutional law across Canada, or are there sufficient indications as to raise questions about such a claim that would warrant further and more detailed investigation?
Whither Just Transition? A Case Study of Energy Transition Mechanism (ETM) Country Platform in Indonesia
Authors: Mulia Aldi Haydar , Wukirasih Sekarini , Suryadinata Widhi Hanantyo
Published: September 2023

Without a coordinated and effective global energy transition action plan, numerous projects and aid given by the Global North states dominated today's energy transition scheme–particularly for many Global South states. One is Energy Transition Mechanism (ETM), which claims to actualise just transition through its platform recently launched in Indonesia. It promises to improve societal participation, address socio-economic issues, and gives its recipients an affordable and sustainable path to a just transition. The latter focuses on early coal retirement, which is rampant in Indonesia. Despite its relatively novel focus on just transition, ETM fails to live up to its "just" concept, once again resembling debt-heavy funding and a lack of holistic assessment of the funding's effects on the affected society. This paper aims to elaborate on such problematisation while questioning how foreign funding could help realise just transition in the Global South. A qualitative case study provides context for the just transition in Indonesia.Keywords: energy transition mechanism; just transition; Global North; Global South; Indonesia
On the Pragmatic Functions of Vague Language in Political Discourse: A Study on Vague Language in Donald Trump’s Inaugural Address
Authors: Qin Siying
Published: September 2023

This study employs discourse analysis to examine the pragmatic functions of vague language in Donald Trump’s Inaugural Address. By interpreting hedging, abstract concepts and generalizations in the address, the author explores how vague language is strategically utilized by political leaders to achieve his political purposes, such as establishing unity and inclusivity, alluding to past grievances, and promising change, eliciting emotional reactions, allowing flexibility, and calling attention to threats. The findings of this analysis enhance our comprehension of the inaugural address given by the former US president, while also providing valuable insights into the language strategies utilized by politicians in political discourses.
Assessing the Clinical and Epidemiological profile of patients affected by chagas disease in Belem, Pará, from 2015 to 2018
Authors: Maciel Arthur Vinicius Alves , Moraes João Vitor Oliveira , Sabola João Vitor Rezende dos Santos , Pereira Luan Monte , Furtado Maria Eduarda Rendeiro , Silva Pedro Raimundo Cunha , e Silva Elaine de Oliveira , Santos Maria Clara Almeida Sadala dos , Costa João Vitor Tavares da , Silva Edyane Oliveira e , Silva Emanuela Bandeira da , Avila Isabela Lacerda , Costa Juliane dos Santos , Dias Pedro Thiago Malcher de Amorim , Cardoso Lara Rosa Cardoso e , Barbosa Danielle Lima , Monteiro Manuella Ferraz de Souza , Rodrigues Joely Lúcia de Souza , Pontes Enaile Dias , Bigatão Vittória Marques , Nogueira Gabrielle de Freitas , Anjos Gabriela Mutran dos , Almeida Valeria Pereira Rezende de , de Assis Silvia Kelly Jacques Sousa , Valente Thais Costa , Marques João Lucas Barbosa Nery , Sousa Daniel Rêgo , Sadala Lucas Stoessel Klautau , Barbosa Dienyelle de Nazaré Costa , da Silva Magno Ferreira , Lima José Victor Silva , Neri Fabio Andres Ayala , Cabral Edmilso Lopes , Pinheiro Naylane Sousa , Mendonça Maria Helena Rodrigues de
Published: September 2023

Chagas disease is a chronic health condition with high morbidity and mortality. It has an impact on public health and social and economic aspects, and despite efforts and health surveillance measures, outbreaks of the disease still occur. Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients affected by Chagas' disease in Belém between 2015 and 2018. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study based on data collected from the notification and disease system, with data collected on cases in the established period, with information such as schooling, age group and gender. Results: There was a higher prevalence of young patients aged between 20 and 59, with a predominance of males and no correct identification of schooling in the notifications. In addition, there was an increase in the number of cases in 2017, but within the expected level of endemicity. Conclusion: Despite the epidemiological transition and the general decrease in the number of cases, Chagas disease is still an important factor to be evaluated by public health, with preventive policies being maintained, as well as public hygiene and basic sanitation situations.
Tender puentes de reciprocidad global en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Rocha Osornio Juan Carlos , Maldonado Castañeda Daniela
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo describe el diseño e implementación de un programa internacional de aprendizaje-servicio virtual (APSv) planteado a partir de una pedagogía crítica comprometida con la comunidad (Daigre, 2000; Mitchell, 2008). Pese a las expectativas y retos, nos propusimos explorar la posibilidad de traspasar las barreras geográficas a través de la tecnología, con la finalidad de que estudiantes de español como lengua extranjera (ELE), nivel B2-C1 del MCER, interactuaran y aprendieran con socios comunitarios localizados en el extranjero (Colombia, en específico). De esta manera, se dio paso a la creación de un salón de clases global con el que se intentaron contrarrestar los efectos negativos producidos por el distanciamiento social causado por la pandemia de COVID-19. Concluimos mencionando algunas de las contribuciones de poner en marcha un proyecto de aprendizaje-servicio en un contexto digital como una forma de tender puentes de reciprocidad global.
A Brief Review on Power Quality Improvement using UPFC
Authors: Prajapati Aradhana , Tomar Minal
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Load demand is rising rapidly these days, necessitating an increase in generation capacity. Voltage instability arises as a result of external and internal imbalance, causing the bus voltage to vary. The FACTS device Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is used to maintain stable voltage and improve power flow in transmission lines. This study examines the comparison of different FACTS devices as well as the analysis of UPFC to control both. In comparison to other FACTS devices such as STATCOM, which regulates only voltage, TCSC, and SVC, which controls only impedance, UPFC is one of the most promising FACTS devices since it can manage phase angle, voltage magnitude, impedance, and many line parameters selectively or concurrently
Consequences of Growing Trend of Digital Transformation in Retail Business of India: A Contemporary Analysis
Authors: Banik Dibyendu , Shil Sourav
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The Indian retail industry is undergoing a rapid digital transition, which is being driven by a number of factors including digitalization, smartphone use, and widespread internet connectivity. Additionally, the government of India launched its flagship program, Digital India, to ensure that the nation is technologically advanced on the internet. The Indian retail industry has seen incredible expansion in recent years, with several new firms joining the market. The study came to the conclusion that the major critical factors influencing the online retail sector's digital trends. This study is descriptive, and convenient sampling was carried out among particular Indian retail establishments. The adoption of digitalization as a key technological development will determine how nations use it for years to come. It will guarantee economic efficiency and competitiveness, provide new goods and jobs, address issues with fund-raising, enhance governance, and address inequality. With a big population that lives in rural areas at a rate of over 60%, India is especially in need of digitalization to close the economic gap and empower its citizens to compete more effectively in the modern economy. The retail sector in India is rapidly changing as a result of a number of factors, including widespread digitalization, smartphone penetration, and internet access. In addition to making sure that our nation has digital technology capabilities.
Implementation of Virtual Keyboard Using Hand Gestures
Authors: Naaz Nuzhat , Babu G. Praveen
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Human interaction with computers is increasing everyday with the advancement in Technology. The different ways of interaction with computers have become an important factor in choosing devices. Humans are more interested in lightweight, touchless technologies that can make the work easier and easier. In this Paper, a virtual keyboard and mouse that act as touchless input medium to Computers and eliminates the use of physical keyboard and mouse has been proposed. The virtual keyboard and mouse are designed to execute its functionality by recognizing hand gestures. The project is build using Python, OpenCV, MediaPipe technologies which provides features for hand gesture controls. It requires a computer or laptop with camera. The idea is to display the customized keyboard layout on the computer screen and the built-in camera captures the hands and its movements over the virtual keyboard layout. A forefinger hovering over the keyboard keys highlights those keys and when the tips of forefinger and middle finger met, then that key is clicked, which is taken as input to computer and displayed on the screen. A virtual mouse has been designed to function as a physical mouse based on hand gestures. The virtual mouse recognizes the fingertip of forefinger and movement of that finger is considered as cursor movements. When the forefinger points to the elements on the screen, it is highlighted as if the cursor is placed over those elements. The overlapping of tips of forefinger and middle finger are designed as a click.
“Meu povo está falando”: resistência e liberdade num debate sobre apropriação cultura na literatura
Authors: Salem Daie Fábio
Published: September 2023

Este é um livro que deseja expandir a discussão, e não fechá-la. Nos últimos anos, a noção de “apropriação cultural” tem pautado debates no âmbito da estética, da filosofia e do direito, além de políticas públicas e privadas pelo mundo. O Canada Council for the Arts – bem como seus homólogos em províncias como Ontario e Québec – reconhece o conceito de “apropriação” para a formulação de suas políticas culturais em território canadense. Na França, a administração de Emmanuel Macron comissionou um relatório – marco na história da museologia francesa – sobre a composição do patrimônio oriundo de culturas africanas e atualmente sob responsabilidade do Estado francês. Entregue à presidência da república em 2018, tal relatório possui, entre outros objetivos, o de averiguar a possível restituição desses objetos aos países de origem. Nos Estados Unidos e na Inglaterra, veículos como The New York Times e The Guardian (para citar apenas dois importantes jornais) retomam o tema de tempos em tempos, dedicando-lhe reportagens, ensaios e artigos críticos. Grandes e pequenas instituições – museus, institutos culturais, galerias de arte, grupos de teatro, associações de escritores, universidades etc. – se debruçam sobre o conceito de “apropriação” no esforço de apreender sua complexidade e, por vezes, adotar uma posição diante dos problemas que ele propõe. No Brasil, o assunto ganhou certa atenção há alguns anos, porém ainda parece pouco discutido e estudado. Daí uma das pretensões deste livro. Os nove escritores entrevistados abordam temas diversos, fornecendo novas perspectivas sobre questões literárias envolvendo a noção de “apropriação cultural”. É certo que essas perspectivas se vinculam às preocupações estéticas e à trajetória individual dos artistas, e como tais estão sujeitas à mudança, sobretudo quando se trata de assunto tão complexo. Em todo caso, ao insistir sobre ponto tantas vezes polêmico, este livro aspira ser, no fundo, uma contribuição ao fortalecimento da democracia.
Comparative Review of Computed Tomography Scans and Radiography in Evaluating Blunt Chest Trauma
Authors: Ali Alshahrani Sultan Khaled , Hamad Alqorea Mudhish Manea , Abdullah Alammari Abdulmajeed , Abdullah Al Qaflah Abdullah Nasser , Twiesh Alasmari Maryam Mansour , Hassan Al Murdef Hassan Mana , Mansour Al Sarwi Nawaf Saeed , Dhaifallah Alzahrani Salem Ibrahim , Harmal Al Yami Saleem Dhafer
Published: September 2023

Previous comparative studies revealed that a substantial proportion of blunt chest trauma often goes unnoticed when evaluated \with chest X-rays. The computed tomography scan, therefore, could play an important role in the initial assessment of patients following blunt chest trauma. This review aims to highlight the findings of chest computed tomography scans and compare them to chest radiography in patients with thoracic trauma resulting from blunt trauma. A systematic search across diverse online databases was performed in PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases. The study selection process was guided by inclusion criteria that focused on individuals afflicted with chest injuries following accidents, engaged in a direct comparison of the diagnostic efficacy of chest CT scans and conventional chest X-rays, and was available in English. In the medical literature, chest radiography and CT imaging provide essential insights to guide clinical decision-making. The precise ability to distinguish between typical and atypical indications of damage across both superficial and deeper anatomical structures holds considerable importance during the initial assessment of such cases. A systematic approach, exemplified through the proposed "outside-in" sequence, offers a proficient strategy to evaluate all potential injuries comprehensively. This approach streamlines the evaluation process, ultimately empowering the medical team to promptly and effectively identify and manage these injuries.
Accuracy of Single-Lead ECG Device for Diagnosis of Cardiac Arrhythmias Compared Against Cardiac Electrophysiology Study
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Turnbull Samual , Garikapati Kartheek , Bennett Richard , Campbell Timothy , Kotake Yasuhito , Silva Kasun De , Mahajan Rajiv , Marschner Simone , Chow Clara
Published: September 2023

Background Single-lead ECG devices may allow detection and
diagnosis of cardiac rhythms. However, data on their accuracy for
detecting cardiac arrhythmias beyond atrial fibrillation are limited.
Objectives To determine the accuracy of the AliveCor
KardiaMobile (AC; AliveCor Inc, Mountain View, CA) for the diagnosis of
arrhythmias against gold standard cardiac electrophysiology study (EPS).
Methods Patients undergoing clinically indicated EPS underwent
simultaneous rhythms recording with an infraclavicular-placed AC,
standard 12-lead ECG and EP catheters for intracardiac electrograms.
Rhythms recorded during EPS were classified based on electrogram,
12-lead ECG and clinical findings. Blinded reviewers provided
differential diagnoses for the single-lead AC tracings; a separate
reviewer compared diagnoses made between the AC tracings and EPS
findings. Results From 49 patients, 843 cardiac rhythms were
captured during 502 AC recordings. Analysis of tracings containing sinus
rhythm (n=273) returned overall accuracy of 92%, with sensitivity and
specificity values of 93% and 92%, respectively. Accuracy for tracings
per rhythm were atrial fibrillation 91% (n=51); supraventricular
tachycardia accuracy was 89% (n=191), ventricular tachycardia 91%
(n=198), ventricular fibrillation 98% (n=11), asystole 100% (n=5).
Accuracy for supraventricular ectopy was 93% (n=28) and premature
ventricular complexes was 91% (n=86). Overall accuracy was 94% for
uninterrupted rhythms and 93% in tracings from patients with baseline
bundle branch block. Conclusions When compared against the gold
standard EPS diagnosis, interpretation of arrhythmias recorded by an
AliveCor single-lead ECG device had reasonable diagnostic accuracy.
DTASUnet: A local and global dual transformer with the attention supervision U-network for brain tumor segmentation
Authors: Yu Gang , Ma Bo , Sun Qian , Li Baosheng , Li Dengwang , Zhu Jian
Published: September 2023

Glioma refers to a highly prevalent type of brain tumor that is strongly
associated with a high mortality rate. During the treatment process of
the disease, it is particularly important to accurately perform
segmentation of the glioma from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
However, existing methods used for glioma segmentation usually rely
solely on either local or global features and perform poorly in terms of
capturing and exploiting critical information from tumor volume
features. Herein, we propose a local and global dual transformer with an
attentional supervision U-shape network called DTASUnet, which is
purposed for glioma segmentation. First, we built a pyramid hierarchical
encoder based on 3D shift local and global transformers to effectively
extract the features and relationships of different tumor regions. We
also designed a 3D channel and spatial attention supervision module to
guide the network, allowing it to capture key information in volumetric
features more accurately during the training process. The experimental
results show that DTASUnet exhibited superior or competitive performance
compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms. In the BraTS 2018
validation set, the average Dice scores of DTASUnet for the tumor core
(TC), whole tumor (WT), and enhancing tumor (ET) regions were 0.845,
0.905, and 0.808, respectively. For the BraTS 2020 validation set, the
average Dice scores of TC, WT, and ET were 0.844, 0.906, and 0.790,
respectively. These results demonstrate that DTASUnet has utility in
assisting clinicians with determining the location of gliomas to
facilitate more efficient and accurate brain surgery and diagnosis.
A prosztatarák trimodális kezelése
Authors: Szántó Árpád , Damásdi Miklós
Published: September 2023

A multimodalitás alkalmazása egy olyan terápiás koncepció, amely korábban már alkalmazott kezelési lehetőségek (radikális prostatectomia, EBRT, BT, ADT, ARTA) kombinációban történő használatát jelenti. A terápiás modalitásnak elsősorban abban van szerepe, hogy a betegség lokális kiterjedése, illetve a lokoregionális mikrometasztázisok okozta korai biokémiai relapszus megjelenése idő előtt ne következzen be. A trimodális kezeléseknek az elérhető nemzetközi ajánlásokban nincs magas evidenciaszintű ajánlása, de az egyre szaporodó közlemények alapján a hármas kombinációs kezelések előnyösebbek lehetnek bizonyos onkológiai végkimenetelek tekintetében. Az összefoglaló közleményben tételesen elemezzük az egyes indikációs körökben alkalmazható kombinált, trimodális kezelési lehetőségeket, illetve bemutatjuk azok onkológiai és a betegek életminőségére gyakorolt hatásait.
Impact of monthly arteriovenous fistula flow surveillance on hemodialysis access thrombosis and loss
Authors: Ko Ara , Kim Miyeon , Lee Hwa Young , Kim Hyunwoo
Published: September 2023

Arteriovenous fistula flow dysfunction is the leading cause of vascular access thrombosis and loss in patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, data regarding the influence of access flow rate measurements on the long-term outcomes of access are limited. This study aims to identify accesses at a high risk of thrombosis and loss among patients undergoing hemodialysis by measuring the access flow rate and exploring an optimal threshold value for predicting future access thrombosis. We enrolled 220 patients with arteriovenous fistula undergoing hemodialysis. The primary outcome was the occurrence of access thrombosis. Access flow rates were measured monthly using the ultrasound dilution method and were averaged using all measurements from patients with patent access. In patients experienced access thrombosis, those immediately before the thrombosis were selected. Using these data, we calculated the access flow rate threshold for thrombosis occurrence by analyzing the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the patients were divided into two groups according to whether access flow rates were higher or lower than 400 mL/min. During a median follow-up period of 3.1 years, 4,510 access flows were measured (median measurements per patient, 33 times; interquartile range, 11-54). A total of 65 access thromboses and 19 abandonments were observed. Access thrombosis and loss were higher in the lowflow group than in the high-flow group. This study revealed that low access flow rates are strongly associated with access thrombosis occurrence and subsequent loss of arteriovenous fistulas in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Spontaneous resolution of new coronary artery aneurysm following guideline-directed medical therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation
Authors: Lee Jae-Geun , Boo Ki Yung
Published: September 2023

Here, we present a case of a 56-year-old man with acute myocardial infarction. The patient underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at the left main bifurcation and mid-left anterior descending artery using drugeluting stents. Four months after the PCI, the patient was readmitted for cardiac arrest. Coronary angiography (CAG) revealed stent thrombosis in the left main-toproximal left anterior descending artery and in-stent restenosis in the left main-toproximal left circumflex artery. We performed balloon angioplasty at the left main to mid-left anterior descending artery and left main to proximal left circumflex artery stents; subsequently, blood flow was fully restored. However, contrast agent extravasation was observed outside the mid-portion of the left main artery to the proximal left anterior descending artery stent, indicating the presence of a coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) outside the stent. After guideline-directed medical therapy with dual antiplatelet agents and high-intensity statins, follow-up CAG revealed near-resolution of the CAA, absence of stenotic lesions, and good blood flow.
Effect of wobble parameters on microwelding bead formation of AISI 316L stainless steel
Authors: de Oliveira Cledenir Costa , Pereira Milton , da Silveira Claudio Abilio , Dutra Manoel Kolling , Amaral Calil
Published: September 2023

This study examines the impact of wobble movement on a laser beam’s behavior while moving over an AISI 316L stainless steel sample of 1.2 mm thickness during welding. The laser beam oscillatory movement is superimposed on linear movement, using a 400 W fiber laser installed on an experimental bench equipped with a scanner and worktable. Mathematical modeling estimates instantaneous beam speed values, predicting thermal influence on weld bead aspects. Microwelding experiments use autogenous processing with lateral beam oscillation. Two forms of overlapping transverse wobble are tested: one with a circular path and the other describing the mathematical symbol “infinity.” Correlations are evidenced between the input parameters and results obtained in the microwelds, including penetration and width of the beads. Results show that the frequency of movement in a circle and in “infinity” for frequencies from 200 to 400 Hz has no significant influence on the result. Increasing the amplitude of the wobble movement from 0.5 to 2 mm significantly influences the width and depth of the strands generated. The wobble technique is effective in preventing discontinuities in the process, such as porosities. A bead obtained with 300 W, 50 mm/s, 0.5 mm overlapping wobble movement, and 300 Hz circular rotation frequency showed the highest relationship between width and depth.
Acute kidney injury in hospitalized adults with chronic kidney disease: comparing cROCK, KDIGO, and combined criteria
Authors: Sun Ling , Hua Rui-Xue , Wu Yu , Zou Lu-Xi
Published: September 2023

Background: Acute-on-chronic kidney disease (ACKD) increases the risk of progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to evaluate the ability of a novel criteria of reference change value of the serum creatinine optimized criteria for acute kidney injury in CKD (cROCK) to detect ACKD patients. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study with a 3-year follow-up. All included patients with CKD stage 3 were evaluated using cROCK, Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), and their combined criteria. The renal composite endpoints, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and all-cause mortality were recorded as clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 812 patients was enrolled. The cROCK criteria detected more ACKD events than did the KDIGO (68.0% vs. 59.5%, p < 0.001). Compared to KDIGO (−) & cROCK (−) group, ACKD patients diagnosed by cROCK had significantly higher hazard ratio [HR] for renal composite endpoints (HR, 3.591; p < 0.001), MACEs (HR, 1.748; p < 0.001), and all-cause mortality (HR, 2.985; p < 0.001). The patients in KDIGO (+) & cROCK (+) group had the lowest survival probability when considering renal composite endpoints, MACEs, and all-cause mortality (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, cROCK resulted in the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for predicting renal composite endpoints, and the combined criteria led to the largest AUC for predicting MACEs and allcause mortality. Conclusion: Compared to the KDIGO, the cROCK detected more ACKD events. Combining both cROCK and KDIGO criteria might improve the predictive ability for long-term outcomes in ACKD patients.
Baseline characteristics of the Korean genetic cohort of inherited cystic kidney disease
Authors: Cho Jeong Min , Park Hayne Cho , Lee Jin Woo , Ryu Hyunjin , Kim Yong Chul , Ahn Curie , Lee Kyu-Beck , Kim Yeong Hoon , Han Seungyeup , Kim Yaerim , Bae Eun Hui , Kang Hee Gyung , Park Eujin , Jeong Kyungjo , Kang Seoon , Choi Jungmin , Oh Kook-Hwan , Oh Yun Kyu
Published: September 2023

Background: Identifying genetic mutations in individuals with inherited cystic kidney disease is necessary for precise treatment. We aimed to elucidate the genetic characteristics of cystic kidney disease in the Korean population.Methods: We conducted a 3-year prospective, multicenter cohort study at eight hospitals from May 2019 to May 2022. Patients with more than three renal cysts were enrolled and classified into two categories, typical autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and atypical PKD. We identified the clinical characteristics and performed a genetic analysis using a targeted gene panel. Results: A total of 725 adult patients were included in the study, of which 560 (77.2%) were diagnosed with typical ADPKD and 165 (22.8%) had atypical PKD. Among the typical ADPKD cases, the Mayo imaging classification was as follows: 1A (55, 9.9%), 1B (149, 26.6%), 1C (198, 35.8%), 1D (90, 16.3%), and 1E (61, 11.0%). The atypical PKD cases were classified as bilateral cystic with bilateral atrophic (31, 37.3%), lopsided (27, 32.5%), unilateral (nine, 10.8%), segmental (eight, 9.6%), bilateral cystic with unilateral atrophic (seven, 8.4%), and asymmetric (one, 1.2%). Pathogenic variants were found in 64.3% of the patients using the ciliopathy-related targeted gene panel. The typical ADPKD group demonstrated a higher discovery rate (62.3%) than the atypical PKD group (41.8%).Conclusion: We present a nationwide genetic cohort’s baseline clinical and genetic characteristics for Korean cystic kidney disease.
Kantian Constructivism as a Tool to Face Irrational Demand: In the Clinical Field
Authors: J Morelli
Published: September 2023

This article tries to put a metaethical framework, Kantian constructivism, to the applied test, specifically of the biomedical field. After briefly introducing and defining the branch of practical reasoning, I will show what Kantian constructivism is and what it can do in practice to face moral dilemmas. I will then argue that in the biomedical field it is possible to have behaviors, both on the part of patients and health practitioners, that can be addressed as practical irrationality, and that we can address moral dilemmas more effectively with the tools provided by Kantian constructivism. In arguing this I will focus on the analysis of a rare disease of a little girl and the demands of her parents
ROLAND BARTHES' SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE MEANING OF HARAM IN THE QURAN
Authors: Makarim Muhmmad Ghifari , Rahayu Hikmawati , Mardi Mulia
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research is to find meanings that are in accordance with the context of meaning at the time when the Qur'an was revealed and take the main message (significance) contained in the meaning to be contextualized in the present with appropriate meaning. Through the existing problem the word haram is often interpreted as a word prohibition, this understanding starts from the meaning of haram in the translation of the Qur'an itself but in fact the word haram itself has another meaning when presented in a textually different letter metamorphose. This research will be presented through Roland Barthes' linguistic semiotics research method by examining the word haram through a Semiotics approach. This analysis will be through the search for the meaning of Connotation and Denotation which explains the disclosure of myths behind a sign or writing. The results of this study produced an analysis of new meanings related to the word haram. This haram word algorithm changes its nature depending on the text and context of the verse. Not when haram is said to be a prohibition, but in this myth it turns out to have other meanings such as haram is an antonym of the word halal which means halal is in its place, while haram is not a prohibition but not in its place or limitation.
Semilinear periodic equation with arbitrary nonlinear growth and data measure: mathematical analysis and numerical simulation
Authors:   Laboratory LAMAI, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, El Ghabi M. , Alaa H. ,   Laboratory LAMAI, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Alaa N. E. ,   Laboratory LAMAI, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University
Published: September 2023

In this work, we are interested in the existence, uniqueness, and numerical simulation of weak periodic solutions for some semilinear elliptic equations with data measures and with arbitrary growth of nonlinearities. Since the data are not very regular and the growths are arbitrary, a new approach is needed to analyze these types of equations. Finally, a suitable numerical discretization scheme is presented. Several numerical examples are given which show the robustness of our algorithm.
A survey on constructing Lyapunov functions for reaction-diffusion systems with delay and their application in biology
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Najm F. , Yafia R. ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Aziz Alaoui M. A. ,   Normandie Univ., France, Aghriche A. ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, National School of Applied Sciences, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Moussaoui A. ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
Published: September 2023

Motivated by some biological and ecological problems given by reaction-diffusion systems with delays and boundary conditions of Neumann type and knowing their associated Lyapunov functions for delay ordinary differential equations, we consider a method for determining their Lyapunov functions to establish the local/global stability. The method is essentially based on adding integral terms to the corresponding Lyapunov function for ordinary differential equations. The new approach is not general but it is applicable in a wide variety of delays reaction-diffusion models with one discrete delay or more, distributed delay, and a combination of both of them. To illustrate our results, we present the method application to a reaction-diffusion epidemiological model with time delay (latency period) and indirect transmission effect.
Pengaruh Tipe Sistem Hidroponik dan Ukuran Wadah Nutrisi Terhadap Hasil Buah Tomat Ceri (Lycopersicum esculentum M.)
Authors: Pratiwi Disca Anggi , Triyono Sugeng , Rahmawati Winda , Haryanto Agus
Published: September 2023

Cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum M.) are a type of tomato that many people like because they taste sweet and are rich in vitamins. However, conventionally cherry tomatoes have not been widely cultivated in Indonesia because besides of susceptible to disease, cultivation techniques in open fields are not well understood by many farmers either. This research aims to determine the appropriate size of the nutrient jar and hydroponic system. The experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) which was arranged factorially with three replications. The first factor is the size of the nutrition jar which consists of 3 levels, namely 500 mL (P1), 1500 mL (P2), and 2500 mL (P3). The second factor was the type of hydroponic system consisting of Wick System (HW), Dry System (HD), and Floating System (HF). The results showed that the nutrient jar size had a positive effect on evapotranspiration, number of leaves, root length, number of flowers, fruit weight, and water content of the fruit.  The hydroponic system significantly affected the number of flowers, root length, fruit weight, and in general the Wick System (HW) had better performance compared to the Dry system (HD) and the Floating system (HF).  The interaction of the two treatment factors was not significant.  The data showed that the 1500mL Wick System (P2HW) was the most optimum treatment, based on the parameters of evapotranspiration/consumption of nutrient (2.6-3 liters), number of leaves 17 leaves), root length (23.4-25.1 cm), and fruit weight (14.1-15.22 grams) as well. Keyword : Cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum M.), hydroponic, nutrient jar size. wick system
Dynamic analysis of historıcal masonry arch bridges
Authors: YILMAZ ÇETİN Senem
Published: September 2023

There are many historical bridges belonging to various civilizations in our country. Historical bridges also help us understand the sociological, economic and cultural structures of civilizations that lived between the past and the present. Historical bridges have been deformed due to natural events and human factors and some of them have been destroyed. It is extremely important to know the behavior of these bridges against earthquakes, since a large part of our country is located in a region with high earthquake risk. For this reason, the dynamic behavior of structures is examined with numerical and experimental studies, and earthquake analyzes are made using earthquake acceleration records obtained from past earthquakes or artificial earthquakes. In this direction, it is aimed to strengthen the weak aspects of the structures. For this reason, it is necessary to evaluate the behavior of historical masonry bridges that have survived to the present day in order to carry out restoration and protection. In this article, the historical Sultan Hamid I-II and III bridges in the Askale district of Erzurum province are discussed as a numerical application. These bridges were modeled in three dimensions using the SAP2000 finite element program. First of all, static analyzes of the bridges under their own weight were made. Then, the dynamic properties of the bridges were determined by making modal analyzes. After the dynamic properties of the bridges were determined, dynamic analyzes were made in the time period.
Makine Öğrenmesi Yöntemleri İle Eğitim Başarısının Tahmini Modeli
Authors: ZİLYAS Deniz , YILMAZ Atınç
Published: September 2023

Günümüzde makine öğrenmesi yöntemleri etkin bir biçimde kullanılarak pek çok alanda yüksek performanslar ve başarılı sonuçlar göstermiştir. Bu nedenle yöntemler, çeşitli sektörlerde son yıllarda daha da yaygınlaşmaya başlamıştır. Makine öğrenmesi modellerinden elde edilebilecek başarılarla birçok sorun öngörülüp çözüme ulaştırılabilir. Çalışmadaki amaç, ortaokul öğrencileri ile yapılan anketten toplanan veriler kullanılarak; eğitim başarı tahminini yapacak bir makine öğrenmesi modeli ortaya koymak ve öğrenciyi etkileyebilecek faktörlerinin önüne geçebilmektir. Anket soruları, öğrencinin başarısına tesir edebilecek etkenler araştırılarak oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma kapsamında, çeşitli ortaokullarda eğitim gören 519 farklı öğrenciden kişisel verilerin korunması kanunu kapsamında 13 sorudan oluşan anket aracılığıyla veri toplanmıştır. Bu veriler hiçbir kurumla paylaşılmamış olup, gizlilik korunmuştur. Veri seti incelenerek bazı manipülasyon, ön işleme, görselleştirme işlemlerinden geçirilmiş; K-En Yakın Komşu (K-NN) , Rastgele Ormanlar (RO) , Lineer Regresyon, Bagged Trees Regression (BTR - Torbalanmış Ağaçlar), Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBM - Gradyen Arttırıcı Regresyon) ve Karar Ağaçları (KA) algoritmaları kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, veri manipülasyon işlemleri gerçekleştirildikten sonra model kurularak öğrencinin Türkçe notu üzerinden eğitim başarısının tahmini yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, ders seçiminin belirlenmesi, ana dilin Türkçe olması ve eğitim hayatından itibaren her dönem Türkçe dersi ile karşılaşılmasından dolayı Türkçe dersi bağımlı değişken olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde, rastgele orman yöntemi en başarılı yöntem olmuş; algoritmanın performansı 0.88 ve R-Kare değeri 0.98 olarak elde edilmiştir. Yeni girdilerle test edilen model Türkçe notu üretmiştir. Öğrencinin eğitim durumunu etkileyen en önemli faktörler Türkçe notuna bağlı olarak aralarındaki korelasyon ile aile geliri ve ders çalışma saati olarak belirlenmiştir. Etkenler seçilirken model çeşitli senaryolarla defalarca test edilmiştir ve korelasyon ilişkileri hesaplanmıştır.