bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE APPLICATION OF MUTAGENESIS IN PLANT BREEDING UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: KHALID MN , AMJAD I
Published: November 2022

The purpose of mutation induction is to accelerate the rate of mutation during the emergence of new plant species. Since spontaneous mutations are uncommon, it is challenging to employ them in plant breeding. Previously, physical (such as gamma radiation) and chemical (such as ethyl methane sulphate) mutagen treatments were employed to produce mutations in seeds and vegetatively propagated crops. Plant mutagenesis maturation has been accelerated by recent developments in high-resolution molecular and biochemical techniques. Characteristics that are virtually impossible to identify through conventional breeding are developed and molecularly defined using a large number of mutant populations and innovative screening tools. The numerous methods and techniques that molecular breeding researchers have access to at the moment are fully summarized on this page, along with how these resources complement those used in traditional breeding. TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) and phenotypic screening are used in the evaluations. The genetic-phenotype gap can be closed using a variety of methods, which are discussed in the conclusion.
ESTIMATION OF GENE ACTIONFOR THE SELECTION OF SUPERIOR PARENTS AND THEIR CROSS COMBINATIONSFOR YIELD AND FIBER ASSOCIATED ATTRIBUTES IN AMERICAN COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.)
Authors: FATIMA A , SAEED A , ULLAH MI , SHAH SAH , IJAZ M , ANWAR MR , KHALIQ A , CHOHAN SM , KHALID MN , KHAN A , AMJAD I
Published: November 2022

Cotton is very important crop regarding the global trade. It is grown for its fiber and edible oil in Pakistan. It contributes 1.5 percent to GDP and 69 percent in foreign exchange. There is need to enhance the yield per unit area of cotton by developing high yielding and stress tolerant varieties. In breeding program the parents and their crosses are selected on the basis of their combining ability. Combining ability analysis is performed to identify the general and specific combiner for yield attributed traits. This research was performed for evaluation of four lines as female parents (C-1, CIM-616, TIPO-1 and CYTO-608) and three testers as male parents (NIAB-1048, CYTO-124 and CIM-600) of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The traits such as plant height, first fruiting node, seed cotton yield, monopodial branches, sympodial branches, ginning out turn percentage, number of bolls per plant, height to node ratio and cotton seed yield was tested. The general combining ability of parental lines and specific combining ability of the F1 cross will be determined for yield related traits. The genotypes with good general combining ability and specific combining ability further exploited for hybrid/variety development programs. For most of the traits like number of monopods per plant, boll weight per plant, seed cotton yield, number of nodes per plant, 1st fruiting node, intermodal distance, ginning out turn percentage, cotton seed yield, seed index, plant height, fiber strength, fiber length, fiber uniformity and fiber fineness value had more value for dominance variance. The higher effects of GCA and SCA indicated that there is the role of additive and non-additive gene action for inheritance of traits.
Foliicolous lichens of India with special reference to Arunachal Pradesh
Authors: Singh K. , Pinokiyo A. , Borthakur S.
Published: November 2022

Foliicolous Lichens representing an interesting symbiotic life in phyllosphere, comprise 125 species in India and 91 species in Arunachal Pradesh that form ca 73% of the total Foliicolous Lichen flora of India. Arunachal Pradesh, in Eastern Himalaya exhibits maximum species diversity of Foliicolous Lichens among all the States in India. An analysis indicates that family Trichotheliaceae with 21 spp. is dominant, followed by Ectolechiaceae (16 spp.), Strigulaceae (13 spp.), Pilocarpaceae (13 spp.), Gomphillaceae (8 spp.), etc. The genus Porina with 20 spp. shows maximum diversity, followed by Strigula (12 spp.), Byssoloma (5 spp.), Calopadia (5 spp.), Mazosia (5 spp.), etc. Of the 9 taxa reported endemic to India, 3 are from Arunachal Pradesh. Similarly, out of the 53 species identified as rare for India, 25 species are found in Arunachal Pradesh. The study reports 5 spp., viz. Arthonia palmulacea (Müll. Arg.) R. Sant., Byssoloma polychromum (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr., Coenogonium subleutum (Rehm) Kalb. & V?zda, C. zonatum (Müll. Arg.) Kalb & Lücking, Lasioloma phycophilum (Vain.) R. Sant., as new to Indian Lichen flora and 16 spp. as new records for the State of Arunachal Pradesh. The paper also provides an updated checklist of all the known foliicolous species in India along with their status and distribution in the world.
Pendugaan laju run off dan infiltrasi dengan rainfall simulator sederhana pada berbagai kondisi tanah Andisol di perkebunan teh
Authors: Wulansari Restu , Rezamela Erdiansyah , N.P.L Augusthyne Chrismonera
Published: November 2022

Many tea plantations are planted on several slopes, this has the potential for soil erosion.Â  Eroded soil will cause a decrease in soil fertility and tea plant productivity. The ability of the soil in tea plantations needs to be tested against the run-off rate in laboratory experiments using a tool called a simple rainfall simulator (simulation of artificial rain). The study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of 2 factors, factor 1 (soil media) and factor 2 (rainfall) with 3 replications. Observation parameters are run off rate and infiltration volume. The results showed that the interaction of soil media with rainfall significantly affected the run off rate. Rainfall intensity >100 mm with andisol soil + manure showed a run off rate of 77% higher than andisol soil. The less land cover on the soil media, the higher the run off rate. In the treatment of andisol soil + manure gave the lowest infiltration volume. The denser the land cover vegetation and organic matter content, the more effective it is in protecting the soil surface from erosion because it can increase water absorption by the soil.
Pemanfaatan Gulma Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum) sebagai Bioherbisida untuk Pengendalian Gulma secara Pra Tumbuh
Authors: Sari Vira Irma , Ramadhan Renaldi
Published: November 2022

Gulma senduduk adalah salah satu gulma dominan yang ditemukan di areal budidaya tanaman, sehingga juga menyebabkan limbah gulma meningkat. Pemanfaatan limbah gulma ini perlu dilakukan agar limbah tidak mengganggu pertumbuhan tanaman di sekitarnya. Penggunaan herbisida yang umumnya digunakan mulai dikurangi karena dampak negatifnya terhadap lingkungan. Bioherbisida pra tumbuh menjadi alternatif pengendalian gulma preventif yang ramah lingkungan dan mampu mematikan biji-biji gulma yang akan berkecambah. Gulma senduduk mengandung senyawa alelokimia yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bioherbisida. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan bahan alternatif bioherbisida, melihat pengaruhnya terhadap daya tumbuh gulma dan kondisi fisik tanah, serta mengetahui jenis gulma yang tumbuh di areal budidaya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di areal percobaan Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Provinsi Sumatera Utara, mulai bulan Januari sampai Februari. Penelitian ini disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok Non Faktorial dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu PO (Kontrol), P1 (Herbisida 1%), P2 (Bioherbisida 1 liter), dan P3 (Bioherbisida 2 liter). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan apabila berpengaruh nyata pada taraf 5% maka dilanjutkan dengan Uji Tuckey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gulma senduduk belum dapat dijadikan alternatif bahan pembuatan bioherbisida, karena belum menunjukkan pengaruh nyata terhadap daya tumbuh gulma. Pemberian bioherbisida tidak memberikan perubahan atau kerusakan pada kondisi tanah di areal budidaya. Gulma yang ditemukan di areal pengamatan adalah Asystasia intrusa.Â
Karakteristik sifat fisik andisols typic melanudands pada beberapa kemiringan lereng di perkebunan teh gambung, Jawa barat
Authors: Wulansari Restu , Pranoto Eko , Saragih Jonathan
Published: November 2022

Andisols merupakan tanah yang dominan di tanami di perkebunan teh dengan ciri terdapat di dataran tinggi, areal berbukit dengan curah hujan tinggi dan mempunyai kandungan bahan organik tinggi. Pemahaman yang baik tentang karakteristik tanah di perkebunan teh menjadi kunci untuk menjaga produktivitas teh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakterisasi sifat fisika tanah pada beberapa kemiringan lereng. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina, Gambung pada dua pedon dengan koordinat pedon SI (07o08â€™23.28â€™â€™LS-107o29â€™58,99â€™BT) dan SII (07o08â€™22.28â€™â€™LS-107o29â€™59,60â€™â€™BT). Metode pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah stratified sampling, berdasarkan dua kelas kemiringan yang berbeda (8-15% dan 15-30%). Bahan tanah diambil dari tiap-tiap horison pada semua pedon dan dianalisis sifat fisika tanah. Tekstur tanah pada kedua seri pedon ini adalah bertekstur lempung berpasir dan lempung liat berpasir pada masing-masing horison A dan Bw1. Warna tanah pada kedua pedon adalah coklat kehitaman-coklat gelap. Kedua pedon mempunyai epipedon umbrik, horizon kambik, bahan induk dari batuan andesit, fisiografi lereng vulkanik, rejim temperatur isohipertermik, rejim suhu udik (subordo udand) dan penggunaan lahan berupa tanaman teh dan kina. Profil tanah SI dan SII termasuk ke dalam ordo Andisols dengan subgroup Typic Melanudands.
The Effect of Institutions on Economic Growth in Muslim Countries
Authors: KARADAĞ Tarık
Published: November 2022

For the last century, Muslim countries have been generally recalled by political and economic instabilities. They have been facing important problems such as poverty, internal turmoil, social disorders, lack of democracy, inadequate health services and low education level that obstruct their economic developments. These problems in general are addressed to the low level of governance and spoiled institutional structures of markets and political area. According to the good governance approach, efficient markets attract private investors which will drive economic development and growth. For a market to be efficient, various institutions must be established and markets must operate within that framework. This work examines the relationship between the institutions and economic growth in Muslim countries to address this problem. The problem statement is: Is there a significant relationship between the institutions and economic growth in Muslim countries? The D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation Countries are used as a proxy of Muslim countries. World Bank World Governance Indicators are used as a proxy for the levels of institutions and UNDP Human Development Index is used to proxy human capital. Results show that there exists a significant relationship between the institutions and economic growth in Muslim countries.
A Study of Feminine Ties in Walker’s The Color Purple
Authors: Shrivastwa Bimal Kishore
Published: November 2022

The research aims to probe into the womanism and relationship of women in Alice Walker’s novel, The Color Purple. Its central concern is to analyze the motive behind the intense and lesbian relationship of such leading female characters of the novel as Celie and Shug. The research tool taken to analyze why the chief characters of the novel prefer women’s culture and women’s emotional flexibility is ‘womanism’, a theory first popularized by Alice Walker herself, and queer theory of Judith Butler. The principal finding of the paper is that Celie, Shug, and other female characters of The Color Purple look womanish, that is make courageous, willful, and even lesbian relationship among themselves to display their strength and to resist being the commodities of men. The researchers intended to survey the female relationships and womanism in other works are expected to take the work as a reference.
The Role of Preoperative Complete Blood Count Indices in the Distinction of Papillary Thyroid Cancer from Nodular Goiter
Authors: Karayigit Ahmet , Ozdemir Umit , Ozdemir Dursun , Dizen Hayrettin , Unal Bulent
Published: November 2022

Aim: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios (respectively, NLR and PLR) have been associated with poor prognosis in various cancers. This study was conducted to investigate PLR and NLR in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and nodular goiter (NG).
Materials and Methods: Patients who had undergone thyroidectomy at our center were reviewed and the demographic, clinical and histopathological characteristics of patients with PTC or NG were recorded. Hemogram (complete blood count) results were used to calculate NLR and PLR.
Results: The groups were similar with respect to age, gender and thyroiditis characteristics. The NG group was found to have significantly larger gland size compared to the PTC group. NLR and PLR values were similar in the two groups (p>0.05 for both).
Conclusion: PLR and NLR appear to be exceedingly similar in PTC and NG, and therefore, they cannot be used to distinguish between PTC and NG. However, it may be valuable to conduct future studies that take into account lesion size when comparing these parameters in thyroid nodules.
The Effect of beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB)/Glutamine/Arginine Support on Quality of Life and Toxicity in Patients Undergoing Pelvic Radiotherapy
Authors: l Diclehan , rk H
Published: November 2022

Aim:In this clinical study, Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB)\\Arginine\\Glutamine enriched mixture administered during pelvic radiotherapy; The effects on the patients' quality of life, treatment-related side effects and nutritional status were investigated.
Materials and Methods:Forty Nine patients who underwent pelvic radiotherapy were divided into 2 groups according to age, gender, operation status, tumor type and concomitant chemotherapy status. While HMB\\Arginine\\Glutamine was administered to 25 patients, no nutritional support was given to 24 patients.Two groups of patients were followed up weekly and compared in terms of quality of life, toxicity, nutritional status, anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters and moods.
Results: A statistically significant improvement was found in the anxiety and depression scales in the group in which this mixture was used. Although there was improvement in weight change, treatment side effects, fatigue, risk of malnutrition, skeletal muscle mass, prealbumin and albumin, this difference was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of quality of life.
Conclusion: In our knowledge, there is no clinical data in the literature examining the effects of HMB\\Arginine\\Glutamine on quality of life, toxicity and nutritional status in patients receiving pelvic radiotherapy. Usage of this mixture may improve toxicity, fatigue, anxiety and depression, skeletal muscle mass, prealbumin and albumin values during pelvic radiotherapy.
The ınvestigation of Ischemia Modified Albumin, Sialic Acid, And Malondialdehyde Levels in Cupping Blood of Interscapular Area in Women With Headache, Backache, and Low Back Pain
Authors: Yerlikaya Fatma , Unat Berivan , Alp Hayriye , Can mm , n kriye
Published: November 2022

Objective: Ischemia modified albumin (IMA), sialic acid and malondialdehyde (MDA) are the most frequently used biomarker of oxidative stress in many health problems. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between IMA, sialic acid and MDA levels and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores in the cupping blood of the interscapular region in women with headache, low back pain, and backache.
Material and Methods: This study was performed on 96 women between the ages of 18-55. Participants were divided into three groups according to complaints of backache (30 women, group 1), low back pain (31 women, group 2) and headache (35 women, group 3) . IMA, sialic acid and MDA levels were measured spectrophotometrically in the cupping blood of the interscapular region.
Results: There was no significant difference between IMA, sialic acid and MDA levels in the cupping blood of the interscapular region of groups. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between MDA levels of group 1, group 2 and group 3 and VAS values (p <0.01). In addition, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between sialic acid levels and VAS values of group 1 and group 3 (p <0.01). In addition, statistically significant positive correlation was found between IMA levels and VAS values of group 3 (p <0.01).
Conclusion: Our study was the first study in the literature investigating the MDA, IMA and sialic acid levels in the cupping blood in the differential diagnosis of different region pain types. The levels of these parameters were not found to be different in distinguishing different region etiologies of pain in the obtained findings. However, according to our VAS scores, there was a decrease the pain of the patients after cupping therapy and the relationship between these values and oxidative parameters was also determined.
Effect of patellar denervation by circumpatellar electrocautery on clinical outcomes of patients with total knee arthroplasty

running title: Patellar denervation in knee arthroplasty
Authors: Eken G , Bilgen Muhammed , l Ali , uzkaya Sinan , nder Cem , ran Ferit
Published: November 2022

Objective: Anterior knee pain may lead to worse outcomes after total knee arthroplasty. The effect of patellar denervation (PD) by electrocautery on postoperative pain and function in patellar nonresurfacing TKA were assessed in this study.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients with a minimum of 24 months follow-up who were operated for TKA between January 2014 and January 2018. Patellar Denervation (PD) group; patients who underwent circumpatellar electrocautery around the patella, and Control (C) group; who did not underwent. Patient demographics, preoperative patellofemoral osteoarthritis grades, Knee Society System (KSS) scores, Feller patella score (PS), Short Form-36 (SF-36) and visual analog scale (VAS) scores at preoperative, postoperative 3. Month and last follow-up examination were noted.
Results: There was no difference between groups in terms of gender distribution and age (P > 0.05). At 3rd postoperative month, KSS-Knee was significantly higher and VAS score was significantly lower in the PD patients compared to C group (p=0.026, p=0.023 respectively). At the final follow-up, KSS-Function and PS scores were significantly higher (p=0.031, 0.012 respectively). Some of the QoL scores were better at late follow-up in PD group. However, there was no statistical difference between these two groups in other follow-up examinations (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Circumpatellar electrocautery denervation can be advantageous in reducing early postoperative knee pain. Clinical, functional and some of the QoL scores were better in the midterm postoperative period of patients with gonarthrosis treated by TKA with PD.
Evaluation of the frequency, follow-up, and treatment of patients with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome related to COVID-19
Authors: l Mehmet , Karakurt Cem , ran zlem , Tekin Mehmet , Ba Harika
Published: November 2022

Objective: Aim of this study is evaluate the clinical features, laboratory values, treatment and follow-up of in children with Covid-19-associated multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) disease.
Method: In this study, patients aged between 2 months and 17 years, who applied to the Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics between March 2020, and February 2021 due to MIS-C related to Covid-19 disease, were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic data, clinical features, laboratory values, treatment and follow-up data of the patients were evaluated.
Results: Forty-nine patients diagnosed with MIS-C between March 2020 and February 2021 were included in the study. Thirty-one (72.7%) patients were male and 18 (27.3%) were female. The most common indications for admission were fever (100%), abdominal pain (51.6%), vomiting (42.9%), cough (38.8%), diarrhea (28.8%), shortness of breath, rash, conjunctivitis, and convulsion. Levels of CRP (93.9%), D-dimer (85.7%), fibrinogen (73.4%), interleukin 6 (IL6) (73.4%), procalcitonin (71.4%), NT-proBNP (63.2%) remained at high levels in respective number of patients. The (32.6%) patients were followed up in the intensive care unit. These patients had cardiogenic shock (26.5%), severe pneumonia (18.3%), and acute gastroenteritis (14.3%). It was determined that the mean age of the patients followed up for cardiogenic shock was 12.5 years and relatively higher (p<0.05). One patient died during follow-up.
Conclusion: Although the manifestations of MIS- C due to Covid -19 are seen relatively rarely in children, it constitutes a serious problem and they mostly require hospitalization in intensive care unit, simultaneously involves many organ systems, and leads a serious course with higher risk of mortality. Another problem in these patients is higher rates of cardiac involvement. For this reason, it is important to take necessary precautions to protect children against Covid 19 and its associated MIS-C, and to include them in vaccination programs.
Topographic Variations of Skin Biomechanics: Cadaver Study
Authors: Durak Saliha , olak Tuncay , Yener Mehmet
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The skin is a multifunctional organ that covers up the entire surface of the body. Material properties such as hyperelasticity, viscoelasticity and plasticity are very important for the development of new biological materials. The main focus of this study is to investigate the biomechanical properties of the dermis and to examine how these vary according to different body parts.
Methods: Skin samples were dissected from various parts of the body. All skin samples were tested in uniaxial tension parallel to their long axis. A strength-elongation curve was obtained and the maximum strength and maximum elongation values were determined from this curve for each tensile test performed. Reaction forces and displacements were determined by software.
Results: The results of our study showed a statistically significant difference in the evaluation between the scalp, face, upper and lower extremities for elastic modulus, tensile strength and thickness. It has been observed that the elastic modulus, tensile strength and thickness values vary depending on the topographic region of the body. According to our results, the upper extremity showed the highest elastic modulus among all regions (42.70 ± 8.92 MPa). The highest tensile strength was also measured for the upper extremity skin and its value was determined as 17.72 ± 4.00 MPa.
Conclusions: Data obtained from this study may provide valuable information for modeling purposes, basic data for tissue grafts and comparison of tissue characteristics after head trauma or forensic examinations.
Increased Risk of Time-dependent K-wire and Wound Contamination and the Effect of Covering on K-wire Contamination: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ozcamdalli Mustafa , Misir Abdulhamit , Altintop Yasemin , Gunay Ali , Yetis Mehmet
Published: November 2022

Purpose This was a prospective randomized controlled study to evaluate the time-dependent incidence of contamination of K-wires and wounds in patients who underwent osteosynthesis and the effect of covering the K-wires on this incidence rate of infection.
Methods The study sample included 90 patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation between 2018 and 2019. Patients were randomized to two groups: use of covered K-wires during surgery (using a sterile towel) and use of uncovered K-wires. Bacterial samples were obtained from the K-wires and wound at the following time points: 0 (just after opening of the K-wire packages) and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after. Samples with bacterial growth at 48 h were considered contaminated. Microscopic, staining, and biochemical properties were used for bacterial typing.
Results Bacterial growth was detected at the 30- and 60-min time points for the uncovered and covered groups, respectively. Wound contamination was identified within 15 min for the uncovered group. Wound and K-wire contamination progressed as a function of time, being consistently more significant in the uncovered group (p<0.005).
Conclusions Time-dependent K-wire and wound contamination rates may be decreased by covering the K-wires (and other instruments) with a sterile towel. Frequent wound irrigation during surgery and postoperative prophylactic antibiotics targeting the bacteria we identified might further be useful in lowering the incidence rate of infection.
Effect of agomelatine on intestinal smooth muscle contractility in rats
Authors: Kacar Emine , Sahinturk Serdar , Yardimci Ahmet , Ulker Nazife , Tan Fatih , Bulmus Ozgur , Ercan Zubeyde , Serhatlioglu Ihsan
Published: November 2022

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate in vitro the effect of agomelatine, an analog of melatonin, on KCl-stimulated contractions in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon in rats.
Material and methods: A total of 7 adult Wistar Albino female rats were used in the study. After the rats were decapitated without anesthesia, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon strips were prepared and placed in the organ bath. Agomelatine was applied in doses of 100, 200, and 1000 μM to the strips that were contracted with KCl (80 mM). Then, 1000 μM agomelatine was applied after preliminary treatment of melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole (1 μM) to investigate the action mechanism of agomelatine on intestinal smooth muscles. The records were analyzed before and after each dose, and frequency, peak to peak (P-P) and area values were compared.
Results: Agomelatine inhibited the KCI- induced contractions in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon strips in a dose-dependent manner. Depending on the agomelatine application, the frequency, “P-P”, and the area values under the curve decreased at statistically significant levels (p<0.05). However, the effect of agomelatine decreased at significant levels as a result of luzindole treatment (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The dose-dependent inhibitor effect of agomelatine on KCl-stimulated contractions in the rat intestinal smooth muscle was shown for the first time in this study. Agomelatine was found to affect the smooth muscles of the intestines through melatonin receptors. This result suggests that agomelatine might have therapeutic potential in diseases in which gastrointestinal motility is impaired.
A Restrospective Evaluation of Otorhinolaryngology Consultations Requested from the Emergency Department
Authors: Atalay Fatma , Topal K
Published: November 2022

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to examine the emergency service consultations requested from the otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic and to discuss the results in the light of the literature.
Material and Methods: In our study, 376 emergency department consultations requested from the otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic of Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital between the dates 01.10.2019 and 01.10.2021 were examined retrospectively. Age and gender of patients, date of consultation, reasons for consultation, diagnoses made as a result of consultation and interventions were recorded.
Results: 142 (37.8%) of the patients who requested consultations were female and 234 (62.2%) of them were male. The mean total age was 38.43. The most common reason for consultation was nasal fracture, infectious causes, foreign body in the ear and foreign body in the nose, respectively (n=77, 20.47%; n=51, 13.56%; n=39, 10.37%; n=36, 9.57%). The most frequently consultation requested months are July (n=62, 16.48%), August (n=45, 11.96%) and September (n=44, 11.70%), respectively. As a result of the consultations, the most common interventions were foreign body removal and nasal fracture repositioning (n=64, 17.02%; n=58, 15.42%). No otorhinolaryngology pathology was found in 79 patients (21.01%).
Conclusion: The fact that emergency physicians have sufficient knowledge and experience in otorhinolaryngology emergencies will both reduce the mortality and morbidity of patients and prevent the loss of time and internal power by preventing unnecessary consultation requests
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women admitted to the emergency department
Authors: E Tu , SERT Zekiye , SERT Ekrem
Published: November 2022

Aim: To evaluate the demographic and obstetric characteristics, complaints, and outcomes of pregnant patients who presented to the emergency department (ED).
Materials and Methods: Pregnant women aged 18 years and over who presented to the ED of our hospital between September 30, 2020, and September 30, 2021, were retrospectively included in the study. The clinical data of the patients were obtained from the hospital’s electronic database. The patients’ age, gestational week, complaints at the time of presentation to ED, distribution of diagnoses, and outcomes (admission and discharge) were recorded.
Results: A total of 561 pregnant patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 27.6±5.7 years, and 42.6% were in the third trimester. We found that 59.8% of the cases presented to ED for obstetric reasons and 40.2% for non-obstetric reasons. While 55.5% of the patients with obstetric presentations underwent emergency delivery, 51.3% of the those with non-obstetric presentations had respiratory tract infections. In addition, 90.7% of the patients with obstetric presentations were hospitalized. The hospitalization rate of those with obstetric presentations was statistically significantly higher than the non-obstetric presentation group (p<0.001).
Conclusion:
We found that the ED visits of pregnant women mostly occurred during the third trimester and for obstetric reasons. The early detection of life-threatening complications in pregnant women is critical for the health of both the mother and fetus. It is important to increase the awareness of clinicians concerning obstetric emergencies due to the special nature of this patient population and frequency of emergency surgical interventions.
Bir Üniversite Hastanesinde Çalışan Hekim, Hemşire Ve Sağlık Memurlarının Psikolojik Dayanıklılık, Psikolojik Yıldırma, Şiddete İlişkin Kaygı Düzeyleri Ve Ruhsal Belirti Düzeylerinin Tükenmişlik Düzeyleri İle İlişkisi
Authors: Erzincan Erkal , kun B , z Nermin
Published: November 2022

ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bir tıp fakültesi hastanesinde çalışan hekim, hemşire ve sağlık memurlarının tükenmişlik düzeylerini belirlemek ve bununla ilişkili olabilecek değişkenleri araştırmaktır.

Yöntem: Çalışma 2013 yılında bir tıp fakültesi hastanesinde çalışan hekim, hemşire ve sağlık memurlarından oluşan 242 kişi ile yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılar Sosyodemografik Form, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği (MTÖ), Genel Sağlık Anketi (GSA)– 12, Kendini Toparlama Gücü Ölçeği (KTGÖ) ve Olumsuz Davranışlar Anketi (ODA) kullanılarak değerlendirilmişlerdir. Elde edilen veriler t-testi, Mann Whitney U testi, tek yönlü ANOVA testi, Kruskal Wallis testi ve Spearman korelasyon analizi kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde bir istatistiksel paket program kullanılmıştır. Sonuçların yorumlanmasında p<0,05 anlamlılık düzeyi kabul edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Çalışmamızda MTÖ; duygusal tükenme (DT), duyarsızlaşma (D) ve kişisel başarı (KB) olmak üzere üç alt boyutta değerlendirilmiştir. Uzman hekimlerin; araştırma görevlisi hekimler ve hemşire / sağlık memuru gruplarına göre her üç tükenmişlik alt boyutunda da daha az tükenmişlik yaşamakta oldukları saptanmıştır. Çalışmamızda katılımcıların tükenmişlik alt boyutları ile ruhsal belirti düzeyleri, psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeyleri ve psikolojik yıldırma düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişkiler bulunduğu saptanmıştır.

Sonuç: Tükenmişliğin sağlık çalışanlarında sık görülmekte olduğu bilinmektedir. Tükenmişliğin önlenebilmesi ve tedavisi için tükenmişlik ile ilişkili değişkenlerin tanımlanabilmesi gerekmektedir. Sonuç olarak çalışmamız bu ihtiyacı göz önünde tutarak bu değişkenleri tanımlamayı amaçlamıştır.
TIKAYICI UYKU APNE SENDROMU OLAN HASTALARIN DEPRESYON, ANKSİYETE VE YEME BAĞIMLIĞI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: lmaz G , ler Ali , r Nil
Published: November 2022

ÖZET: TUAS ve yeme bozuklukları arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde, özellikle obez bireylerin hastalığı daha ağır geçirdiği gözlemlenmektedir. Yeme programındaki bozuklukların obezite, diyabet ve kardiyovasküler hastalık için önemli etkileri olduğu, bununla birlikte TUAS’ın ortaya çıkma riskini artırdığı bilinmektedir. Bugüne kadar eroin, sigara, alkol gibi çeşitli bağımlılık yapıcı maddeler ve TUAS arasındaki ilişki araştırılmış ve yapılan çalışmalarda bu bağımlılık türleri ve TUAS arasında ilişki bulunduğu ve bağımlılığın TUAS için risk faktörü oluşturabileceği çalışmalarda belirtilmiştir. Buna rağmen literatürde yeme bağımlılığı ve TUAS arasındaki ilişkiyi doğrudan araştıran bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır.
Amaç: TUAS tanısı almış hastalarda anksiyete, depresyon ve yeme bağımlılığının ilişkili olup olmadığını saptamaktır.
Yöntem: Araştırma, Mart 2021 – Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’da bir hastaneye başvuran hafif, orta ve ağır derecede Tıkayıcı Uyku Apne Sendromu tanısı (TUAS) almış ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden kişilerle yapılmıştır. Betimsel nitelikte olan bu çalışmada etik kurul onayı alındıktan sonra demografik soru formu, Modifiye Edilmiş Yale Yeme Bağımlılığı Ölçeği 2.0, Beck Depresyon Envanteri ve Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil olan 105 TUAS hastanın %20’si PAP cihazı kullanmakta %80’i ise cihaz kullanmamaktadır. %71,4’ünde yeme bağımlılığı bulunuyorken %77,1’inde depresyon ve %91,5’inde de anksiyete bulunduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Cinsiyete göre YB, anksiyete ve depresyonda kadınlar erkeklere oranla daha yüksek puan almışlardır. PAP cihazı kullanıp kullanmamanın YB seviyelerinde anlamlı fark oluştuşturduğu ayrıca orta düzeyde YB’ye sahip bireylerin PAP cihazı kullanmadığı görülmüştür. Yeme bağımlılığı ile depresyon arasında negatif yönde ve düşük düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu, YB ile anksiyete, PAP cihazı kullanımı ve TUAS seviyesi arasında bir ilişki olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Sonuç: TUAS indeksi ile cihaz kullanımı arasında literatürde anlamlı bir ilişki görülmekteyken, bu çalışma sonucunda ilişki olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Tıkayıcı Uyku Apne Sendromundaki problemlerin özellikle yeme bağımlılığı bulunan bireylerde tıpkı madde bağımlılarında olduğu gibi farklı bir disiplinle çalışılmasına olanak sağlanmalıdır. Ayrıca orta düzeyde yeme bağımlılığı olan bireylerin cihaz kullanmamaları kiloyu artırıcı bir etken olarak görülebilmektedir.
Status of Inflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Markers in Migraine
Authors: bhoi Sumitra , Nanda Rajiv , Dash Satarupa , Panda Sujata , Poddar Chandrakant , Panda Bimal
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Migraine is a Primary Headache disorder, the exact aetiology of which till date is not established. Various neuroinflammatory conditions, cytokines, oxidative stress, neuropeptides and vasomotor changes have been hypothesized for the pathogenesis of migraine headache.
Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate inflammatory and non-inflammatory marker levels in patients with migraine and compare with levels measured in controls.
Materials and Methods: This is a case control study of 45 cases of migraine between age group 15-50 years of either sex attending the outpatient department of Otorhinolaryngology, Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Burla between July 2019 to December 2019. After proper history and clinical evaluations, we analysed the serum level of inflammatory markers like Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, Malondialdehyde, C-Reactive Protein and anti-inflammatory marker Adiponectin in migraine patients. We compared blood levels of these parameters of migraine patients with 45 controls attending the same outpatient department for diseases other than migraine during the same period.
Results: The Unpaired t test between case and control groups shows significant increase in serum level of Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, Malondialdehyde, C-Reactive Protein in migraine patients compared to controls. The case and control group did not show a significant difference in the value of adiponectin.
Conclusion: This study indicates that oxidative stress marker (Malondialdehyde) and inflammatory markers like Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and C-Reactive Protein may be potential risk factor for migraine. So, early prediction of inflammatory markers might be beneficial in management of migraine patients.
VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY: A POTENTIAL FACTOR BEHIND DEPRESSION
Authors: Nimesh Archana , Das Aparna , Elgadir Thoraya , Bharti Rishi , Soliman Rehan , AlShaikh Ayoub
Published: November 2022

Depression, a leading cause of disability affecting around 264 million people globally has multifactorial causes like psychosocial, biological, genetic and hormonal. Vitamin D, a neuroactive steroid easily crosses blood brain barrier and has widespread receptors in the brain tissue suggesting that vitamin D could have a role in the brain functioning. This paper reviews if vitamin D deficiency is associated with depression and the possible biochemical mechanisms for explaining the same. For this review, scientific studies published till December 2021 were searched on PubMed, Google Scholar and Google using keywords, vitamin D, vitamin D deficiency, depression, mechanisms, association and supplementation. Studies have found that vitamin D is important for expression of neurotransmitters, neuroimmunomodulation and antioxidant production. Neurotrophic hypothesis and monoamine neurotransmission hypothesis explains the biochemical mechanisms behind depression. Many studies found insufficient vitamin D levels being associated with depression and the symptoms improved upon vitamin D supplementation. Thus, it is recommended that serum vitamin D in depression patients should be monitored and normalized if found deficient. Vitamin D supplementation as an adjuvant therapy to standard antidepressants therapy could be more effective to treat depression not responding to standalone vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D may be used to treat depression especially in patients with poor compliance to antidepressant drugs.
HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF SYNOVIAL LESIONS: A STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.
Authors: Patel Payal , BARDAPURKAR PADMAKAR , Ingale Yaminy , Kambale Tushar , Verma Anubhaw , Gore Charusheela
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Synovium is the soft tissue that lines the spaces of diarthrodial joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae derived from the ectoderm consisting of two components, predominantly a cellular layer, and a second layer made up of fibrous and adipose tissues. Chondrocytes being elements of hyaline cartilage secrete degenerative enzymes in inactive forms and enrich the matrix with enzyme inhibitors. Synovial lesions are characterized by the destruction of hyaline cartilage, due to the activation of degenerative enzymes and decreasing the production of their inhibitors. Materials and methods: It’s a retrospective study of 104 synovial biopsies received in 5 years at a tertiary care hospital. Synovial biopsies were obtained mainly by the open method and a few by the arthroscopic method. Lesions were classified into infective, degenerative, inflammatory, benign, tumor, and tumor-like lesions. Results: Out of 104 lesions, ganglion cyst was commonest 45 cases [43.26%] followed by chronic non-specific synovitis was 15 cases [14.42%], baker’s cyst was 11 cases [10.57%], giant tumor cells of tendon sheath was 09[8.65%], few cases such as tubercular synovitis, rheumatoid arthritis, lipoma arborescens was 2 cases each [1.92%], one case each of septic arthritis, synovial cavernous hemangioma, villonodular synovitis were also noted. The most common age group affected was 31-40 years of age [20.19 %]. Males was predominantly affected in our study [50.96%] Conclusion: Many synovial lesions show similar clinical presentation so histopathological classification is useful to identify its subtypes and the study of synovial biopsy is useful in the diagnosis of various joint diseases.
COTA 2.0: an Automatic Corrector of Tunisian Arabic Social Media Texts
Authors: Mekki Asma , Zribi In , Ellouze Mariem , Belguith Lamia
Published: November 2022

In written text, orthographic noise is a common concern for NLP, especially when operating social network comments and raw documents. This is mainly due to its orthographic conventions and morphological ambiguity. We propose to automatically normalize the social media dialect corpora by following CODA-TUN, the Conventional Orthography for Tunisian Arabic (TA). The existing system developed for TA <> is not able to handle all forms of TA. Therefore, we propose to extend its rules and lexicons to address the peculiarities of social media dialect. In certain words, the COTA Orthography 1.0 system provides the user with several correction possibilities. Therefore, in the new version, we incorporated a trigram language model to automatically select the right correction. Our results show that the system can reduce transcription errors by 95.72%.
Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control in Nuclear Medicine Facilities
Authors: Abdallah Yousif
Published: November 2022

Exposure to environmental microorganisms has a moderate effect on the spread of disease in otherwise healthy persons. Unintentional exposure to pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the varicella-zoster virus, and environmental opportunistic infections, such as Aspergillus spp. and Legionella spp., can cause diseases with high morbidity and/or mortality rates. Even when the exposure is not to the pathogens themselves, this may be the case. When hospital norms and standards are not strictly adhered to, horrible things may occur to patients. The capacity to swiftly recognize and identify microorganisms is an essential and challenging skill in both the business sector and the medical profession. There is universal agreement that sometimes following to preset protocols may be challenging and time-consuming (e.g., culture media and biochemical tests). However, the current study requires precise reporting of microorganisms using molecular techniques, and screening processes entail swiftly and affordably bringing together isolated groupings of bacteria and fungus. This review paper focuses on discovering and identifying bacteria utilizing a range of techniques, both historical and contemporary.
Physicochemical properties and fatty acids content of selected Sudanese edible vegetable oils
Authors: Ibrahim Najwa , Hussien Mohammed , Ali Mohammed , Ali Elmugdad
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to assess the physicochemical properties and fatty acids content of three Sudanese edible vegetable oils (sesame, sunflower and peanut). The qualitative determination of fatty acids of Sesamum Indicum L, Sunflower and peanut seed oils by GC-MS test showed that the fatty acids which revealed higher concentration were Oleic acid, Linoleic acid, Palmitic acid and Stearic acid with different concentration. Many physical properties of oils were determined in this study including the density, viscosity and refractive index. The chemical analysis of the oils including acid value, peroxide value, saponification value and iodine value. In conclusion, a high concentration of unsaturated fatty acids included Oleic and Linoleic acids were detected in screened edible oils. Furthermore, our findings authorize forecasting oil physicochemical properties which help in the quality assessment of Sudanese edible oils.
An observational study of role of medical record department in tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Tank Gunjan , Tank Parag , Shah Poojan
Published: November 2022

Background: Medical record document explains all the details about the patient’s history, clinical findings, diagnostic test results, pre- and post-operative care, patient’s progress, and medication given. If written correctly, notes will support the doctor about the correctness of treatment.

Aim and Objectives: Our objective was to study effectiveness and utility of medical record department at our medical college affiliated tertiary care institution.

Materials and Methods: We did an observational study to determine various parameters of medical records such as consent, history and examination findings, pre-operative and intraoperative records, investigation documentation, nursing care chart, and concerned medical person’s signature. The study included 300 files. A medical record checklist was used as a tool for data collection. The study was conducted between January 2021 and January 2022. Data were collected, entered in Microsoft Excel spread sheet, and analyzed using percentage.

Results: Out of the 300 files, 186 files belonged to different surgical specialties while the rest were of non-surgical fields. It was found that nursing assessment document was present in 78%, while discharged card copy was found attached in 75.33% files. Furthermore, surgical safety checklist was found in 89.24%, while signature of faculty was absent in 38.3% files.

Conclusion: Medical record maintaining and keeping is an essential and vital part of health-care infrastructure, not only for data collection but also for calculating use of resources needed for better delivery of quality services to patients.
A cross-sectional study to estimate the serum level of C-reactive protein among pediatric meningitis with bacterial etiology
Authors: Ghosh Jayita , Dasgupta Sambit , Konar Jayashree
Published: November 2022

Background: Bacterial meningitis is a global public health issue. C-reactive protein (CRP) has suitable diagnostic value in distinguishing between bacterial and aseptic meningitis especially in cases of negative bacterial culture of the blood and spinal fluid.

Aim and Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the serum level of CRP among pediatric meningitis cases with bacterial etiology.

Materials and Methods: The hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Eastern India from June to August, 2021 with 150 samples. Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected for this study after obtaining informed consent. Cerebrospinal fluid sample was collected as per standard guidelines. Phenotypic identification of bacteria including antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by automation (Vitek 2 compact, bioMerieux). Quantitative estimation of CRP was performed in a solid phase and sandwich-format immunometric assay using a gold antibody conjugate. Human rights, welfare, and autonomy were protected as per national ethical guidelines.

Results: Median age (Inter Quartile Range) of 150 cases was 3(1–4.5) year. Escherichia coli (60.52%, 23/38) was the commonest isolate (P < 0.00000001 by Binomial test calculation) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (34.24%, i.e., 13/38). A total of 43/150 (28.66%) participants had higher serum CRP. Serum CRP was raised more in Gram-negative bacterial etiology (36 out of 38, 94.73%). Mean serum CRP was higher in Gram-negative cases (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Serum CRP was found significantly higher in meningitis caused by Gram-negative bacteria.