bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Not (A) Part: Handmade animation, materialism and eco-aesthetic cinema
Authors: Smith Vicky
Published: July 2019

Not (A) Part is an animated film that draws attention to the decline of flying insects by working with cinematic magnification of the 16mm frame to literal enlargement of their fatalities. Influenced by Stan Brakhage’s Mothlight (1963), avant-garde and experimental film theory inform a reading of the formal, poetic and material aspects of the project. Twentieth-century materialist perspectives on the handling of film as reference to labour are brought into contemporary currency to argue that evident methods of physical contact in recent moving image practice establish ecological positions. By emphasizing contact, situated practice, self-inscription and the present tense of making Not (A) Part aligns with eco-aesthetic cinema whilst also allying with broader post-humanist discourse. The article discusses how differing animation methods bring various qualities of movement to small inanimate objects; how a distinct genre of insect animation is established; how, through the interdisciplinary collaborative process, the project, initially rooted in avant-garde film, developed into eco-aesthetic cinema; and finally how the above operations of contact cinema led to new knowledge in the field of film/animation practice.
How universities can better engage with the animation/VFX sector in Scotland
Authors: Mortimer Jonathan
Published: July 2019

This research explores how universities can better engage with the animation/VFX industry in Scotland, by examining what skills current industry requires of graduates, and how institutes can better collaborate with working studios. Given the unknown impact that Brexit may have on the animation/VFX sector both nationally and further afield, now more than ever should the education sector re-evaluate how to bridge the gap for graduates moving on from education to being a productive member of the industry. Animation studios were invited to share their opinions and thoughts on the current state of the animation/VFX sector in Scotland, and to discuss how industry could make better use of universities. Industry wants to collaborate with education, to inspire and encourage talent development for the animation/VFX sector in Scotland. Both the education and animation/VFX sectors have their own unique methodologies and approaches for working and communicating with one another, which at times can be counterproductive. Education must change its relationship with industry, in favour of a more symbiotic relationship, by inviting industry to play a more active role in course design and structure, as a means for institutes to keep the contents of their courses relevant and be able to respond to the current skills requirement of industry.
Age at menarche and early menarche among healthy adolescents
Authors: Moelyo Annang Giri , Wulandari Anindita , Imas Oktania , Rahma Ulfa Puspita , Hidayah Nurul , Kesumaningtyas Cempaka , Nur Fadhilah Tia , Nugroho Hari Wahyu
Published: July 2019

Background Menarche is an important indicator of female adolescents’ health and also population health. Age at menarche tends to decrease in many countries. Early menarche that defined from the lowest quartile of age at menarche, associated with some physical and psychological problems.
Objective To determine the mean age at menarche, the prevalence of early menarche among healthy adolescents in Surakarta and its association to nutritional status.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 schools (3 junior and 2 senior high schools) in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, from September 2016 to March 2018, by consecutive sampling technique. We included menarched healthy female students whose parent provided informed consent and without consuming any routine medication. Data were derived from self-reported questionnaire and measurements of body weight; body height; and body mass index (BMI) by calculated based on weight/height2(kg/m2).
Results Of 835 eligible subjects, the mean age at menarche was 12.0 (SD 1.1) years (range 8.8-15.1 years) and the prevalence of early menarche was 11.1%. The peak of age at menarche were at 11,12, and 13 years (24.3%, 36.2%, and 23.9%, respectively) and almost 99.04% of subjects had menarche at 14 years old. The proportion of early menarche between subjects birth 1997-2001 and 2002-2007 were 8.4% and 16.1%. Early menarche associated with overweight-obese in adolescents (odd ratio 2.14; 95%CI 1.21 to 3.76).
Conclusion The mean age at menarche of healthy adolescents in Surakarta is younger than other previous studies in Indonesia. Early menarche was significantly a risk for overweight/obese in adolescents.
The Gut Microbiota in Collagenous Colitis Shares Characteristics With Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Dysbiosis
Authors: Carstens Adam , Dicksved Johan , Nelson Ronald , Lindqvist Mårten , Andreasson Anna , Bohr Johan , Tysk Curt , Talley Nicholas J. , Agréus Lars , Engstrand Lars , Halfvarson Jonas
Published: July 2019

INTRODUCTION:

In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an aberrant immune response to gut microbiota is important, but the role of the microbiota in collagenous colitis (CC) is largely unknown. We aimed to characterize the microbiota of patients with CC compared with that of healthy control and patients with IBD.

METHODS:

Fecal samples were collected from patients with CC (n = 29), age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 29), patients with Crohn's disease (n = 32), and patients with ulcerative colitis (n = 32). Sequence data were obtained by 454 sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons, and the obtained sequences were subsequently taxonomically classified.

RESULTS:

Analysis of similarity statistics showed a segregation between patients with CC and healthy controls with increasing taxonomic resolution, becoming significant comparing operational taxonomic unit data (P = 0.006). CC had a lower abundance of 10 different taxa. Taxa-specific analyses revealed a consistent lower abundance of several operational taxonomic units belonging to the Ruminococcaceae family in patients with CC, q < 0.05 after false discovery rate correction. Loss of these taxa was seen in patients with CC with active disease and/or corticosteroid treatment only and resembled the findings in patients with IBD.

DISCUSSION:

CC is associated with a specific fecal microbiome seen primarily in patients with active disease or ongoing corticosteroid treatment, whereas the microbiome of CC patients in remission resembled that of healthy controls. Notably, the shift in key taxa, including the Ruminococcaceae family, was also observed in IBD. There may be common mechanisms in the pathogenesis of CC and IBD.
Ideal Dasar Prima Dalam Aljabar Atas Suatu Ring Komutatif
Authors: Wardati Khurul
Published: July 2019

Definisi ideal dasar dan ideal bebas dalam aljabar bebas atas ring komutatif dengan elemen satuan adalah ekuivalen. Namun, ideal dasar dalam suatu aljabar tak bebas belum tentu merupakan ideal bebas, sementara ideal bebas pasti ideal dasar. Artikel ini membahas beberapa sifat ideal dasar prima dalam aljabar tak bebas atas ring komutatif dengan elemen satuan.

[The definitions of basic ideal and free ideal in free algebras over a unital commutative ring are equivalen. However, a basic ideal in the non-free algebra is not neceearily a free ideal, while any free ideal is definitely a basic ideal. This paper will discuss some properties of prime basic ideal in non-free algebras over a unital commutative ring.]
Penerapan Persamaan Diferensial Verhulst dalam Menentukan Proyeksi Penduduk di Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Anggreini Dewi
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan proyeksi pertumbuhan penduduk di Kabupaten Tulungagung provinsi Jawa Timur dengan model persamaan diferensial Verhulst berdasarkan laju pertumbuhan dan daya tampung (carrying capacity). Target khusus dari hasil penelitian ini adalah model pertumbuhan logistik bisa digunakan sebagai alat untuk mengetahui proyeksi pertumbuhan penduduk berdasarkan laju pertumbuhan dan daya tampung dibeberapa daerah di Indonesia. Metode riset yang digunakan pada tahap pertama adalah menentukan subjek penelitian dan tahap Kedua adalah (1) mengumpulkan data penelitian (2) analisis data dan terakhir menarik kesimpulan. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari BPS Kabupaten Tulungagung yaitu jumlah penduduk dari tahun 2010-2016. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Besarnya nilai carrying capacity yang membatasi penduduk di Kabupaten Tulungagung adalah sebesar 1.089.103,3. 2) Laju pertumbuhan intrinsik penduduk di kabupaten Tulungagung dengan menggunakan Model pertumbuhan logistik adalah sebesar r = 0,07480. 3) Jumlah penduduk di Kabupaten Tulungagung pada tahun 2025 dari hasil estimasi menggunakan model pertumbuhan logistik adalah sebesar 1.055.578 jiwa. 4) Proyeksi jumlah penduduk di Kabupaten Tulungagung  lebih tepat menggunakan model logistik I dengan persamaannya . Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi semua pihak khususnya pada bidang matematika terapan serta metode dalam  menghitung pertumbuhan populasi di suatu daerah pada periode yang akan datang.

[This study aims to determine the projected population growth in Tulungagung Regency of East Java province with a model of Verhulst differential equations based on growth rate and carrying capacity. The specific target of this research is logistic growth model can be used as a tool to know the projection of population growth based on growth rate and capacity in some regions in Indonesia. Research methods used in the first stage is to determine the subject of research and the second stage is (1) collect research data (2) data analysis and last draw conclusions. The data of this research is obtained from BPS of Tulungagung Regency that is population from 2010-2016. The results showed that: 1) The amount of carrying capacity that limits the population in Tulungagung Regency is equal 1.089.103,3. 2) The intrinsic growth rate of the population in Tulungagung district using the logistic growth model is r = 0,07480 3) The population in Tulungagung District in 2025 from the estimation using the logistic growth model is 1.055.578 soul, 4) The projection of population in Tulungagung is more appropriate using the logistic model I with the equation .  This study is expected to be useful for all parties, especially in the field of applied mathematics and methods in calculating population growth in an area in the period to come.]
Effects of self-regulated learning strategy use on motivation in EFL writing: A comparison between high and low achievers in Hong Kong primary schools
Authors: Guo Wenjuan , Bai Barry
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to explore the effects of SRL strategy use on primary school students’ motivation (i.e. self-efficacy and interest) in EFL writing and to compare the differences in such effects between high and low achievers. Participants were 374 4th graders in Hong Kong. Results of t-tests indicated that the high achievers reported significantly a higher level of SRL strategy use (i.e. planning, self-monitoring, and revising) and motivation (i.e. self-efficacy and interest) in EFL writing than their low-achieving peers. Results of two-group structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that the high achievers’ motivation increased through the use of planning and self-monitoring strategies in writing, while the low achievers’ motivation increased through the use of self-monitoring and revising strategies. The high achievers showed a high level of self-efficacy and the low achievers a low level. However, both groups of students did not show a high level of interest in EFL writing. Implications for future research and English teachers to improve students’ motivation in writing through use of SRL strategies are discussed.
Determining Potential Feed Value and Silage Quality of Guar Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) Silages
Authors: Olfaz Mustafa , Kilic Unal , Yavrucu Oguzhan
Published: July 2019

This study was carried out to determine the effects of some additives on the potential nutritional value and silage quality of guar bean (Cluster bean = Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) silages. It was hypothesized that the use of cereal grains, molasses and ecomass will reduce silage fermentation pH by increasing lactic acid production and positively improve CP content and silage quality. Four different silage groups were established; (control, grain (5%), molasses (10%) and ecomass+molasses (10%+5%)). Fresh guar beans were thoroughly mixed with the additives to homogenize, then ensiled and opened after 60 days. The results of this study revealed that guar bean silages could be used as an alternative forage in ruminant feeding because of its higher protein content (13.88%), forage feed value and silage quality. The use of molasses (GSM) and molasses + ecomass (GSEM) as additives has significantly (P ≤0.01) increased the silage quality and feed value compared to the control group. It was observed that GSM and GSEM silage groups had the highest values in terms of lactic acid content. In conclusion, guar silage can be used as an alternative feed for ruminants, but the doses of barley and molasses should be correct and tested in in vivo studies.
Study of the analytical performance at different concentrations of hematological parameters using Spanish EQAS data
Authors: Molina Angel , Alcaraz José , Guiñón Leonor , Pérez Aránzazu , Segurana Anna , Reverter Joan Carles , Bedini Josep Lluís , Merino Anna
Published: July 2019

Background

External quality assessment programs are one of the currently available tools to evaluate the analytical performance of clinical laboratories, where the measurement error (ME) obtained can be compared with quality specifications to evaluate possible deviations. The objective of this work was to analyze the ME behavior over the analytical range to assess the need to establish concentration-dependent specifications.

Methods

A total of 389,000 results from 585 laboratories and 2628 analyzers were collected from the Spanish external quality assessment schemes (EQAS) in hematology during the years 2015–2016. The parameters evaluated included white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, platelets, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, reticulocytes, hemoglobin A2, antithrombin, factor VIII, protein C and von Willebrand factor. The 90th percentile of ME was calculated for every concentration evaluated of each parameter.

Results

We found a significant variation in the analytical performance of leukocytes, platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, prothrombin time, reticulocytes, hemoglobin A2, antithrombin and protein C. Furthermore, this ME variation may not allow complying with the same biological variability requirements within the whole analytical range studied.

Conclusions

Our work shows the importance of implementing concentration-dependent specifications which can help laboratories to use proper criteria for quality specifications selection and for a better external quality control results evaluation.
Analytical and clinical validation of a novel amplicon-based NGS assay for the evaluation of circulating tumor DNA in metastatic colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Wang Beili , Wu Shengchao , Huang Fei , Shen Minna , Jiang Huiqin , Yu Yiyi , Yu Qian , Yang Yihui , Zhao Ying , Zhou Yiwen , Pan Baishen , Liu Tianshu , Guo Wei
Published: July 2019

Background

Evaluating the tumor RAS/BRAF status is important for treatment selection and prognosis assessment in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. Correction of artifacts from library preparation and sequencing is essential for accurately analyzing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) mutations. Here, we assessed the analytical and clinical performance of a novel amplicon-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay, Firefly™, which employs a concatemer-based error correction strategy.

Methods

Firefly assay targeting KRAS/NRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA was evaluated using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) reference standards and cfDNA samples from 184 mCRC patients. Plasma results were compared to the mutation status determined by ARMS-based PCR from matched tissue. Samples with a mutation abundance below the limit of detection (LOD) were retested again by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) or NGS.

Results

The Firefly assay demonstrated superior sensitivity and specificity with a 98.89% detection rate at an allele frequency (AF) of 0.2% for 20 ng cfDNA. Generally, 40.76% and 48.37% of the patients were reported to be positive by NGS of plasma cfDNA and ARMS of FFPE tissue, respectively. The concordance rate between the two platforms was 80.11%. In the pre-treatment cohort, the concordance rate between plasma and tissue was 93.33%, based on the 17 common exons that Firefly™ and ARMS genotyped, and the positive percent agreement (PPA) and negative percent agreement (NPA) for KRAS/NRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA were 100% and 99.60%, respectively.

Conclusions

Total plasma cfDNA detected by Firefly offers a viable complement for mutation profiling in CRC patients, given the high agreement with matched tumor samples. Together, these data demonstrate that Firefly could be routinely applied for clinical applications in mCRC patients.
Pluralized non-count nouns across Englishes: A corpus-linguistic approach to variety types
Authors: Schneider Gerold , Hundt Marianne , Schreier Daniel
Published: July 2019

This corpus-based study of pluralized non-count nouns (informations,advices, etc.) uses collocation-derived measures (determiners vs. bare noun and mass quantifiers) to extract potential candidates of non-count nouns in a bottom-up approach from theBritish National Corpus (BNC),allowing the detection of grammatical categories from distributional features. We then use this token list to retrieve data on pluralization of non-counts from nine annotated components of theInternational Corpus of English (ICE). While the distinction between count and non-count nouns is gradient rather than categorical, it is still possible to distinguish between standard and non-standard pluralization of non-counts. Qualitative analyses of our data show that non-standard pluralization of non-count nouns is regularly attested in second-language varieties, including previously unrecorded types; however, it is also occasionally found in first-language varieties. We discuss implications of our corpus results for common explanations of pluralized non-count nouns, such as substrate influence, language learning effects and historical input. By combining a bottom-up corpus-based approach with fine-grained qualitative analyses we can provide a more nuanced view of pluralization of non-counts across ENL and ESL for the investigation of World Englishes.
Broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) can Influence the Microbial Cenosis in Sunflower Rhizosphere
Authors: Lyakh V. A. , Kostyuchenko N. I. , Shevchenko I. A.
Published: July 2019

The bacterial and micromycete complexes in the rhizosphere of sunflower plants non-infected and infected with broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) have been compared. The investigations were carried out in the conditions of a stationary infectious field which was annually enriched with infected plant residues and broomrape seeds collected in different regions of Ukraine. Soil is leached, low-humic chernozem with acidic pH. The soil samples selected at the end of vegetation from the rhizosphere of healthy and infected with broomrape plants of sunflower breeding samples. The total number of bacteria found in the rhizosphere of sunflower plants infected by the parasite did not differ significantly from the control and was 11.7 and 12.1 million CFU / g of soil, respectively. The numbers of ammonifiers as well as bacterial microflora, using for its life mineral nitrogen, and pedotrophs and oligotrophs in the compared soil samples did not differ significantly, and generally corresponded to this type of soil. Although in general, both tested samples of soil were characterized by a low content of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter, the number of representatives of this genus in the rhizosphere of parasite-infected plants was somewhat less than in control (35 % and 21 %, respectively). However, unlike most bacteria, the number of micromycetes detected on Czapek-Dox and starch-ammonia agar media, in the rhizosphere of plants infected by broomrape almost twice exceeded the number of these microorganisms in the rhizosphere of healthy plants. Analysis of the generic and species composition of microscopic fungi showed that in the rhizosphere of sunflower plants infected by the parasite a very specific mycocenosis was formed that differ from a mycocenosis of healthy plants. This mycocenosis was characterized by a much smaller number of genera and species of micromycetes. At the same time for the structure of the fungal cenosis of diseased plants there was a characteristic increase in the proportion of toxin-forming fungi of the Aspergillus and Penicillium genera with active conidiogenesis. The obtained data testify not only to the differences in the microbial complexes in the rhizosphere of sunflower plants non-infected and infected by broomrape, but also indicate the direction of action of this parasite.
Effect of Cold Shower on Recovery From High-Intensity Cycling in the Heat
Authors: Ajjimaporn Amornpan , Chaunchaiyakul Rungchai , Pitsamai Sirikun , Widjaja Waree
Published: July 2019

Ajjimaporn, A, Chaunchaiyakul, R, Pitsamai, S, and Widjaja, W. Effect of cold shower on recovery from high-intensity cycling in the heat. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2233–2240, 2019—Post-exercise cooling, e.g., cold water immersion has shown beneficial cardiovascular and hormonal effects during recovery from exercise in a hot environment. However, not much is known about the effects of a cold water shower (CWS) as a recovery intervention. This study examined the effects of a CWS on heart rate (HR), core temperature (Tc), salivary cortisol, and thermal comfort sensation (TCS) after exercise in the heat. Nine healthy male subjects (age, 21 ± 1 year) performed 45 minutes of cycling in a hot environment (35° C, 40–60% relative humidity) at 65% of peak oxygen uptake. Thereafter, subjects underwent the CWS condition (15 minutes, 15° C water shower) or control (SIT25; 15 minutes passive recovery in 25° C room) in a randomized crossover design. After each 15 minutes, subjects sat in a 25° C room for another 2-hour recovery. Heart rate, Tc, and TCS were recorded before and immediately after exercise, immediately after CWS or SIT25, and at 30 minutes, 1, and 2 hours during additional recovery. Salivary cortisol was collected at the same time points except at 30 minutes of the additional recovery period. Thermal comfort sensation was higher immediately after CWS (+4; very comfortable) than SIT25 (+1; just comfortable). The change of HR decreased faster with CWS (−18.3 ± 2.3%) than with SIT25 (−7.0 ± 4.6%) at the first 30-minute recovery time point (p < 0.01). No differences between recovery conditions were observed for the Tc or salivary cortisol at any time point during the 2-hour recovery period. The findings demonstrate that a 15-minute, 15° C CWS was not effective in reducing Tc or salivary cortisol during recovery from exercise in a hot environment. However, CWS can promote TCS by facilitating a faster HR recovery after 30-minute postintervention compared with passive recovery. The cooling benefits of a CWS could be only recommended to reduce cardiac stress after routine workout in a hot environment.
Body Composition Values of NCAA Division 1 Female Athletes Derived From Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry
Authors: Dobrosielski Devon A. , Leppert Kyle M. , Knuth Nick D. , Wilder Joshua N. , Kovacs Louis , Lisman Peter J.
Published: July 2019

Dobrosielski, DA, Leppert, KM, Knuth, ND, Wilder, JN, Kovacs, L, and Lisman, PJ. Body composition values of NCAA Division 1 female athletes derived from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2886–2893, 2021—This study generated descriptive data for regional and total body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) measures using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) across 12 NCAA Division 1 female competitive sports. Two hundred seventy-eight female collegiate athletes underwent DXA: basketball (BB; n = 28), cross country (CC = 11), field hockey (FH; n = 35), gymnastics (GYM; n = 23), lacrosse (LAX; n = 48), soccer (SOC; CC = 27), softball (SB; n = 24), swimming and diving (SW; n = 35), tennis (TN; n = 11), track and field ([TR-throw; n = 10]; [TR-run; n = 10]), and volleyball (VB; n = 16). Descriptive statistics for all body composition and BMD measures were calculated. Group mean differences in all regional and total body composition (all, p < 0.001; η2 range = 0.177–0.365) and BMD (all, p < 0.001; η2 range = 0.317–0.383) measures were observed between teams. The total BF% for gymnasts (23.5%) was lower than TN, FH, LAX, SB, and TR-throw (mean difference range: −4.6 to −12.9%, all p < 0.01); TR-throw had the highest total BF% (36.4%). Cross country had lower total BMD (1.17 g·cm−2) than FH, TR-throw, LAX, GYM, SOC, SB, VB, and BB (mean difference range: −0.12 to −0.26 g·cm−2, all p < 0.01); BB and TR-throw had the highest total BMD (1.40 and 1.43 g·cm−2, respectively). Our data confirm that regional and total body composition and BMD measures varied across female collegiate sports. These findings may assist sports medicine and strength and conditioning practitioners with identifying sport-specific goal values for BF% and BMD to optimize program design.
Swim-Specific Resistance Training: A Systematic Review
Authors: Muniz-Pardos Borja , Gomez-Bruton Alejandro , Matute-Llorente Angel , Gonzalez-Aguero Alex , Gomez-Cabello Alba , Gonzalo-Skok Oliver , Casajus Jose A. , Vicente-Rodriguez German
Published: July 2019

Muniz-Pardos, B, Gomez-Bruton, A, Matute-Llorente, A, Gonzalez-Aguero, A, Gomez-Cabello, A, Gonzalo-Skok, O, Casajus, JA, and Vicente-Rodriguez, G. Swim-specific resistance training: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2875–2881, 2019—The purpose of this systematic review was to determine which type of swim-specific training is most beneficial to enhance swimming performance and to determine which specific strength- or power-related tests better predict swimming performance. A search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Plus, and SPORTDiscus up to June 2018. Studies were distributed into 2 main categories: swim-specific dry land resistance training (SDLRT) and specific in-water swimming power training (SSWPT). From 1,844 citations, 25 met the inclusion criteria. It was determined that SSWPT was the most appropriate method to improve swimming performance, with tethered swimming protocols being the most studied and effective. In addition, SDLRT was a competent method to enhance swimming performance, and specifically, the inclusion of inertial training might evoke greater improvements in both strength/power capacities and swimming performance, than traditional resistance training. In conclusion, tether forces showed the greatest associations with swimming performance, although the efficacy of tethered swimming as an SSWPT method is yet to be confirmed. Further research should focus on the effects of SDLRT to verify the greater transfer of dry land resistance practices to swimming performance, with inertial training being potentially more beneficial than traditional resistance training.
The Competition-Day Preparation Strategies of Strongman Athletes
Authors: Winwood Paul W. , Pritchard Hayden J. , Wilson Daniel , Dudson Mike , Keogh Justin W. L.
Published: July 2019

Winwood, PW, Pritchard, HJ, Wilson, D, Dudson, M, and Keogh, JWL. The competition-day preparation strategies of strongman athletes. J Strength Cond Res 33(9): 2308–2320, 2019—This study provides the first empirical evidence of the competition-day preparation strategies used by strongman athletes. Strongman athletes (n = 132) (mean ± SD: 33.7 ± 8.1 years, 178.2 ± 11.1 cm, 107.0 ± 28.6 kg, 12.8 ± 8.0 years general resistance training, 5.9 ± 4.8 years strongman implement training) completed a self-reported 4-page internet survey on their usual competition-day preparation strategies. Analysis of the overall group and by sex, age, body mass, and competitive standard was conducted. Ninety-four percent of strongman athletes used warm-ups in competition, which were generally self-directed. The typical warm-up length was 16.0 ± 8.9 minutes, and 8.5 ± 4.3 minutes was the perceived optimal rest time before the start of an event. The main reasons for warming up were injury prevention, to increase activation, and increase blood flow/circulation, temperature, and heart rate. Athletes generally stated that competition warm-ups were practiced in training. Dynamic stretching, foam rolling, and myofascial release work were performed during warm-ups. Warm-up intensity was monitored using the rate of perceived exertion, perceived speed of movement, and training load (as a percentage of 1 repetition maximum). Cognitive strategies were used to improve competition performance, and psychological arousal levels needed to increase or be maintained in competition. Electrolyte drinks, caffeine, and preworkout supplements were the commonly used supplements. These data will provide strongman athletes and coaches some insight into common competition-day preparation strategies, which may enhance competition performances. Future research could compare different competition-day preparation strategies in an attempt to further improve strongman competition performance and injury prevention.
Fitness Characteristics of Elite and Subelite Male Ice Hockey Players: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Vigh-Larsen Jeppe F. , Beck Jonas H. , Daasbjerg Aleksander , Knudsen Christian B. , Kvorning Thue , Overgaard Kristian , Andersen Thomas B. , Mohr Magni
Published: July 2019

Vigh-Larsen, JF, Beck, JH, Daasbjerg, A, Knudsen, CB, Kvorning, T, Overgaard, K, Andersen, TB, and Mohr, M. Fitness characteristics of elite and subelite male ice hockey players: A cross-sectional study. J Strength Cond Res 33(9): 2352–2360, 2019—The purpose was to evaluate fitness profiles in elite (age 23.5 ± 4.4 years) and subelite (age 19.4 ± 3.1 years) male ice hockey players. Twenty teams from the best (n = 164) and second-best (n = 132) Danish ice hockey division were assessed in-season using a field-test battery consisting of off-ice measurements of countermovement jump (CMJ) performance and body composition, as well as performance tests on the ice. These included the submaximal and maximal Yo-Yo intermittent recovery ice hockey tests, level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1-IHSUB and Yo-Yo IR1-IHMAX), the 5-10-5 pro-agility test, and a straight-line sprint test. Elite players were heavier (85.7 ± 8.1 vs. 80.8 ± 10.0 kg, p ≤ 0.05) and had a higher skeletal muscle mass (41.9 ± 3.9 vs. 38.8 ± 4.7 kg, p ≤ 0.05) than subelite players. Moreover, elite players elicited a superior CMJ (50.1 ± 6.1 vs. 44.9 ± 5.4 cm, p ≤ 0.05), agility (4.76 ± 0.17 vs. 4.96 ± 0.22 seconds, p ≤ 0.05), and sprint (4.49 ± 0.16 vs. 4.71 ± 0.19 seconds, p ≤ 0.05) performance. Finally, elite players outperformed subelite players in Yo-Yo IR1-IHSUB (79.7 ± 6.8 vs. 88.0 ± 5.4% HRmax, p ≤ 0.05) and Yo-Yo IR1-IHMAX tests (2,434 ± 414 vs. 1,850 ± 499 m, p ≤ 0.05). Top elite teams performed. 1.1 and 7% better than bottom elite teams on the agility and CMJ test (p ≤ 0.05), whereas differences approached significance for sprint (p = 0.08) and Yo-Yo IR1-IHMAX (p = 0.08) performance in favor of top-tier teams. No differences were observed between forwards and defensemen. In conclusion, elite-level ice hockey requires a high level of fitness in terms of muscle mass and explosive strength, as well as a well-developed high-intensity intermittent exercise capacity. In addition, these demands seem to apply for both forwards and defensemen.
Reappraisal of shear wave elastography as a diagnostic tool for identifying thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Swan Kristine Zøylner , Bonnema Steen Joop , Jespersen Marie Louise , Nielsen Viveque Egsgaard
Published: July 2019

Thyroid nodular disease is common, but predicting the risk of malignancy can be difficult. In this prospective study, we aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography (SWE) in predicting thyroid malignancy. Patients with thyroid nodules were enrolled from a surgical tertiary unit. Elasticity index (EI) measured by SWE was registered for seven EI outcomes assessing nodular stiffness and heterogeneity. The diagnosis was determined histologically. In total, 329 patients (mean age: 55 ± 13 years) with 413 thyroid nodules (mean size: 32 ± 13 mm, 88 malignant) were enrolled. Values of SWE region of interest (ROI) for malignant and benign nodules were highly overlapping (ranges for SWE-ROImean: malignant 3–100 kPa; benign 4–182 kPa), and no difference between malignant and benign nodules was found for any other EI outcome investigated (P = 0.13–0.96). There was no association between EI and the histological diagnosis by receiver operating characteristics analysis (area under the curve: 0.51–0.56). Consequently, defining a cut-off point of EI for the prediction of malignancy was not clinically meaningful. Testing our data on previously proposed cut-off points revealed a low accuracy of SWE (56–80%). By regression analysis, factors affecting EI included nodule size >30 mm, heterogeneous echogenicity, micro- or macrocalcifications and solitary nodule. In conclusion, EI, measured by SWE, showed huge overlap between malignant and benign nodules, and low diagnostic accuracy in the prediction of thyroid malignancy. Our study supports that firmness of thyroid nodules, as assessed by SWE, should not be a key feature in the evaluation of such lesions.
Impact of non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) on risk of malignancy in patients undergoing lobectomy/thyroidectomy for suspected malignancy or malignant fine-needle aspiration cytology findings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bongiovanni Massimo , Faquin William C , Giovanella Luca , Durante Cosimo , Kopp Peter , Trimboli Pierpaolo
Published: July 2019

Objective

The second version of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology endorsed the introduction of non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) as a distinct entity with low malignant potential into clinical practice. Consequently, the risk of malignancy (ROM) of cytological diagnoses has changed, but the magnitude of the change remains uncertain. The present systematic review was undertaken to obtain more robust information about the true impact of NIFTP on the ROM among patients undergoing surgery following a fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) diagnosis of suspicious for malignancy (Bethesda V) or malignant (Bethesda VI). As they are managed surgically, these two diagnostic categories are the primary entities that are clinically impacted by the advent of NIFTP.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search of online databases was performed in November 2018. The search was conducted looking for data of histologically proven NIFTP with preoperative FNAC.

Results

One-hundred fifty-seven articles were identified and nine were included in the study. Overall, there were 13,752 thyroidectomies with a cancer prevalence of 45.7%. When NIFTP was considered non-malignant, the pooled risk difference for ROM was 5.5%. Applying meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of NIFTP among nodules with FNAC of Bethesda V or Bethesda VI was 14 and 3%, respectively.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis shows that the inclusion of NIFTP leads to a reduction in the ROM for the Bethesda V and Bethesda VI FNAC diagnostic categories by 14 and 3%, respectively. Clinicians should be aware of these data to avoid overtreatment.
GLIS3 binds pancreatic beta cell regulatory regions alongside other islet transcription factors
Authors: Scoville David W , Lichti-Kaiser Kristin , Grimm Sara A , Jetten Anton M
Published: July 2019

The Krüppel-like zinc finger transcription factor Gli-similar 3 (GLIS3) plays a critical role in the regulation of pancreatic beta cells, with global Glis3-knockout mice suffering from severe hyperglycemia and dying by post-natal day 11. In addition, GLIS3 has been shown to directly regulate the early endocrine marker Ngn3, as well as Ins2 gene expression in mature beta cells. We hypothesize that GLIS3 regulates several other genes critical to beta cell function, in addition to Ins2, by directly binding to regulatory regions. We therefore generated a pancreas-specific Glis3 deletion mouse model (Glis3Δ
panc
) using a Pdx1-driven Cre mouse line. Roughly 20% of these mice develop hyperglycemia by 8 weeks and lose most of their insulin expression. However, this did not appear to be due to loss of the beta cells themselves, as no change in cell death was observed. Indeed, presumptive beta cells appeared to persist as PDX1+/INS−/MAFA−/GLUT2− cells. Islet RNA-seq analysis combined with GLIS3 ChIP-seq analysis revealed apparent direct regulation of a variety of diabetes-related genes, including Slc2a2 and Mafa. GLIS3 binding near these genes coincided with binding for other islet-enriched transcription factors, indicating these are distinct regulatory hubs. Our data indicate that GLIS3 regulates not only insulin expression, but also several additional genes critical for beta cell function.
Fortalecimiento de las oficinas de atención al asegurado del Seguro Integral de Salud – SIS
Authors: Cabrejos-Pita José , Geysels Luc
Published: July 2019

Hasta la década pasada, el derecho a la salud de los peruanos estuvo restringido por barreras de acceso y débiles mecanismos de cautela. El 2009 se instituyó la Política de Aseguramiento Universal en Salud (AUS). El 2013 se dispuso la implementación de oficinas de atención al asegurado (OAA) del Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS), para velar por el cumplimiento del acceso, calidad y gratuidad de las atenciones a sus afiliados. Entre el 2015 y 2018, el SIS y el Programa SISTEC ejecutaron un proyecto en 5 regiones del país que contribuyó al fortalecimiento de los procesos de atención al asegurado. El proyecto ha generado evidencia sobre la contribución de las OAA al AUS. Se requiere consenso y articulación entre las instancias involucradas para la configuración de un sistema para la atención del usuario de servicios de salud y la protección de susderechos.
Cobertura de inmunización contra el virus de la hepatitis B en hijos nacidos de madres portadoras de la infección. Huanta, Ayacucho, 2014-2018
Authors: Crispin-Huamani Luis , Cabezas Cesar , Sucari-Idrogo Andrea
Published: July 2019

Introducción. En el marco del plan de eliminación de la infección por virus de la hepatitis B (HBV) es necesario conocer la cobertura de inmunización en los hijos de madres portadoras. Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de cobertura de inmunización en los hijos nacidos de madres portadoras de la infección por HBV en el Hospital de Huanta, Ayacucho, entre los años 2014 a 2018. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo. La población incluyó a los hijos nacidos de madres portadoras de la infección por HBV. Se utilizaron fuentes de información secundaria de registro de inmunización contra HBV. Resultados. Se registraron 90 madres portadoras de la infección por HBV cuyos hijos nacieron en el lugar de estudio. La cobertura total de inmunización contra HBV fue 64,47%, la cobertura de la dosis de nacimiento de la vacuna fue 100% y la cobertura de aplicación de la inmunoglobulina antihepaitis B de 77,78%. Conclusiones. La cobertura total de inmunización contra HBV se encuentra por debajo de lo esperado según las recomendaciones de la OMS.
Estudio de tres pruebas de función plaquetaria en adultos jóvenes residentes en una ciudad de gran altitud (Cusco, 3399 msnm)
Authors: Mendoza Yanet
Published: July 2019

Introducción. La variación de hemoglobina en la altura ha sido ampliamente estudiada; en menor medida se ha estudiado la coagulación en la altura. Objetivo. Determinar los valores de las pruebas de función plaquetaria en residentes de una ciudad a gran altura. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional en 372 estudiantes universitarios con edades entre 17 a 29 años, clínicamente sanos, empleando pruebas no automatizadas. Resultados. El recuento de plaquetas tuvo como mediana 320000 plaquetas/mm3. El tiempo de sangría en sangre capilar tuvo una mediana de 1 minuto y 30 segundos. El 96,8% tuvo retracción del coágulo en sangre venosa. El tiempo de coagulación en sangre venosa tuvo una mediana de 2 minutos. Conclusión. La evaluación de la hemostasia en residentes a gran altura no difiere de lo reportado en residentes a otras altitudes.
Láser CO2 ablativo en angiofibroma facial por esclerosis tuberosa
Authors: Gonzales Caytuiro Bernard Enmanuel , Quijano Gomero Eberth Gustavo , Carayhua Pérez Dina
Published: July 2019

Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 25 años con múltiples pápulas y placas de aspecto fibroso, distribuidas principalmente en cara, además de cuero cabelludo, tórax y región periungueal pedia, asintomático. Se realizó el diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de esclerosis tuberosa, enfermedad genética poco frecuente. Se utilizó láser CO2 modo ablativo en 2 ciclos de dos sesiones cada una, en lesiones cutáneas faciales (angiofibroma facial), con el objetivo de mejorar la apariencia y promover calidad de vida. Como resultado se evidenció mejoría de la apariencia y ausencia de recidiva con un método terapéutico moderno y aún inaccesible a todas las personas en nuestro país.
Incremento de aislamientos de Streptococcus agalactiae en cultivos de orina en un hospital materno-infantil de Lima, Perú
Authors: Pulido Angie , Soto Javier
Published: July 2019

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La “quebrada verruga” después de 143 años del brote de bartonelosis en 1875
Authors: Rojas-Jaimes Jesús , Diaz-Tello Alberto
Published: July 2019

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Hiperespacios de continuos: historia, avances y nuevos retos
Authors: Olano Diaz William César , Sánchez Martínez Javier
Published: July 2019

En este trabajo se expone de manera general la historia del estudio de los hiperespacios de continuos, algunos resultados importantes obtenidos de manera reciente y se mencionan algunas preguntas abiertas.
Improvement in Oral Health and Compliance in a Child with Congenital Hypothyroidism. Case Report
Authors: López-Santacruz DDS Hiram Daniel , Herrera-Badillo DDS Denisse Aidé , Márquez-Preciado DDS Raúl , Torre-Delgadillo DDS Gabriela , Rosales-Berber DDS Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2019

Congenital hypothyroidism is a metabolic disorder that requires special health care interventions. It has influence in overall growth and oral conditions in pediatric patients, and also can affect child cooperation during dental treatment because this metabolic condition is the most common preventable cause of mental retardation. The aim of this paper is to report the dental treatment of a child with congenital hypothyroidism who is four years and five months old, with many facial and oral characteristics of the metabolic condition, including severe early childhood caries and malocclusion. At first, it was observed a lack of cooperation of the patient with speech and learning impairment, but with the help of the Pedagogy team at the Pediatric Dental Clinic Playroom, he developed confidence and diminished anxiety every appointment. We present the follow-up during 15 months, where we could observe favorable outcomes in oral health and compliance of the child.
Efficacy of Maximun Anchoring Using Transpalanance and Double ATP in Cases Requiring First Superior Premolar Extractions: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Ubilla-Mazzini DDS, Esp William , Moreira-Campuzano DDS, Esp. Tanya , Mazzini-Torres DDS, MSc Fátima
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Space maintainers play an important role in orthodontic treatments involving premolar extractions, especially in cases with bad occlusion and marked crowding. The orthodontist must know several options of anchoring and choose the best method that would fulfill the treatment objectives for that patient. Objective: To compare the effects of maximum anchors like the double transpalatal arch (double ATP) and the transpalatal arch and Nance button combination (transpalanance) as space maintainers during cuspids retraction in patients undergoing upper bicuspid extractions. Methods: A universe of 100 patients, aged 14-25 years, was selected from among the patients presenting to the Orthodontics Specialty Clinic of the posgraduate School Dr. José Apolo Pineda, Pilot School of Dentistry, University of Guayaquil during the years of 2017 and 2018. Totally, 26 patients were recruited, of whom 13 were placed on transpalanance and the other 13 on double ATP, prior to the extraction of their first upper bicuspid. Post-extraction spaces were measured and compared with post-retraction spaces of upper cuspids. Results: With an average of 4-5 mm, transpalanance maintained the greatest amount of space at the end of canine retraction. It is expected that the results obtained in this study will be useful to orthodontists, providing them with information regarding the most effective space maintainers for treatments with extractions. Conclusion: The maximum anchor that showed the greatest efficacy was transpalanance since it maintained a greater amount of space during its time of use.
Mineralization of Soft Tissues in Panoramic Radiographies
Authors: Aguilar DDS, MSc José , Domínguez DDS, MSc Andrés , Guaman Gabriela , Medina-Sotomayor DDS, MSc, PhD Priscilla
Published: July 2019

Introduction: The prevalence of pathological conditions that appear as radiopacities at the level of the soft tissues in panoramic radiographs is a problem that occurs worldwide in the population, being this radiographic finding the initial diagnosis of other systemic affections. Objectives: the aim of this research was to identify the frequency of mineralized radiopacities that are found at the soft tissue level in panoramic radiographs. Material and methods: it was analyzed 347 radiographs of patients over 20 years of age, treated in the “Clínica Docente Odontológica” of the Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Sede Azogues, Ecuador from December 2017 to may 2018. Results: a prevalence of 0% of tonsillolith and atheroma was found, 1% of calcified lymph nodes and of electrolytes, 2% of sialolith, 4% of unilateral stylohyoid ligament calcification, 23% of calcification of bilateral stylohyoid ligament and 65% did not present calcifications of the soft tissues. Conclusion: it was possible to identify that the most frequent radiopacity at soft tissue level is the calcified bilateral stylohyoid process.
Pemahaman Sastra Mahasiswa Bahasa dan Sastra Arab UIN Imam Bonjol Padang: Perspektif Ilmu Sastra
Authors: Hadi Syofyan , Wartiman Wartiman , Azizi Yasmin , Nengsih Nori Elfira , Susanti Delfita , Maharani Annisa , Ikhsani Ikhwal
Published: July 2019

Artikel ini membahas tentang pemahaman sastra mahasiswa Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi kasus sebagai pendekatan. Penelitian yang menjadikan mahasiswa Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab angkatan tahun 2014 sebagai objek ini menarik kesimpulan bahwa pemahaman sastra mahasiswa masih tergolong rendah. Rendahnya pemahaman tersebut dapat dikotakkan dalam tiga unsur penting yang menjadi bagian keilmuan sastra, yaitu sejarah sastra, teori sastra, dan kritik sastra. Dalam hal sejarah sastra, pemahaman mahasiswa digolongkan rendah karena memiliki pemahaman yang minim dalam hal standar atau tolok ukur pemahaman sejarah sastra. Dalam hal teori sastra, pemahaman mahasiswa digolongkan rendah karena minimnya pengetahuan mengenai teori sastra yang ada serta banyaknya kegagalan dan kebuntuan saat mahasiswa mengoperasikan teori tersebut dalam penelitian nyata. Dalam hal kritik sastra, pemahaman mahasiswa digolongkan rendah karena minimnya wawasan teoretis seputar kritik sastra dan tidak adanya kritik sastra yang dihasilkan mahasiswa.