bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The giant steps in surgical downsizing toward a personalized treatment of vulvar cancer
Authors: Giannini Andrea , D'Oria Ottavia , Chiofalo Benito , Bruno Valentina , Baiocco Ermelinda , Mancini Emanuela , Mancari Rosanna , Vincenzoni Cristina , Cutillo Giuseppe , Vizza Enrico
Published: December 2021

The present article aims to highlight the importance of changes of personalized surgical treatment for vulvar cancer. Current international literature regarding surgical treatment of vulvar cancer was evaluated. This included several studies and systematic reviews. Radical surgery approach, such as en bloc resection, was the first therapeutic option and the standard care for many years, even if burdened with a high complication rate and frequently disfiguring. Taussing and Way introduced radical vulvectomy approach with en bloc bilateral inguinal‐femoral lymphadenectomy; modified radical vulvectomy was developed, with a wide radical excision of the primary tumor. The role of inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy (mono or bilateral) changed in the years too, particularly with the advent of SLN biopsy as minimally invasive surgical approach for lymph node staging, in patients with unifocal cancer <4 cm, without suspicious groin nodes. More personalized and conservative surgical approach, consisting of wide local or wide radical excisions, is necessary to reduce complications as lymphedema or sexual disfunction. The optimal surgical management of vulvar cancer needs to consider dimensions, staging, depth of invasion, presence of carcinoma at the surgical margins of resection and grading, with the goal of making the treatment as individualized as possible.
Effect of early skin‐to‐skin contact after vaginal delivery on pain during perineal wound suturing: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zou Yun , Li Yue , Jiang Mei , Liu Xiaowei
Published: December 2021

Aim

To evaluate whether early skin‐to‐skin contact at the end of the second stage of labor could relieve perineal wound suture pain.

Methods

From March 2020 to November 2020, a total of 241 parturients with full‐term single fetuses delivered through the vagina and who underwent episiotomy suture (n = 120) or perineal laceration repair (n = 121) in our hospital were included in the study. Parturients were categorized according to whether they received episiotomy suture or perineal laceration repair. They were randomized into an early skin contact group and a traditional neonatal care group. The primary outcome was pain, which was quantified by the Numerical Rating Scale, Visual Analog Scale, Verbal Rating Scale, Faces Pain Scale‐Revised. The secondary outcomes were healing of the perineal wound, the maternal cooperation rate and operation time. The confounding factors of severe pain were analyzed.

Results

Early skin‐to‐skin contact alleviated the pain of perineal laceration repair and episiotomy suture, shortened the operation time of episiotomy suture and improved the cooperation rate of parturients receiving suture. It had no effect on perineal wound healing, operation time, or the cooperation rate of perineal laceration repair. In addition to the operation and early skin contact, the occurrence of high‐grade pain was also associated with prepregnancy body mass index, group B streptococcus (GBS) positive, and academic degree.

Conclusion

Early skin‐to‐skin contact at the end of the second stage of labor can alleviate pain and improve the delivery experience of vaginal delivery.
Development of multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four viruses infecting apple (Malus domestica)
Authors: Nabi S.U. , Madhu G.S. , Rao G.P. , Baranwal V.K.
Published: December 2021

The major viruses infecting apple cultivars throughout the world including India are apple mosaic virus (ApMV), apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), and recently, a new virus, apple necrotic mosaic virus (ApNMV), was reported from mosaic-infected apple cultivars in India. The aim of this study was to detect the ApNMV virus along with the other three viruses (ApMV, ASPV and ASGV) simultaneously by multiplex RT-PCR. Four primer-pair-produced amplicons of 670, 550, 350 and 210 bp corresponding to ApNMV, ApMV, ASPV and ASGV, respectively, were found to be specific for these viruses when tested individually. The annealing temperature (55°C), primer concentration (0·8 µl) and other components of the master mix were standardized for the development of one-step m-RT-PCR assay. The m-RT-PCR protocol developed was further validated with 30 samples from seven symptomatic or asymptomatic apple cultivars, which revealed the presence of more than one virus in these cultivars. Most of the viruses were found to be present either alone or in mixed infection; however, ASPV was more common in tested cultivars. An easy, cost-effective and rapid multiplex RT-RCR protocol was developed to detect the four viruses, which infect apple plants either in individually or together in the field. This assay will help in the surveying and indexing of apple germplasm and the distribution of all four viruses in the apple growing regions of India.
Nurse–nurse collaboration and performance among nurses in intensive care units
Authors: Al‐Ajarmeh Dalia O. , Rayan Ahmad H. , Eshah Nidal F. , Al‐Hamdan Zaid M.
Published: December 2021

Background

An essential element for offering high‐quality care in the intensive care units (ICUs) is the intraprofessional collaboration among nurses, which facilitates the exchange of knowledge and information and hence improves performance. More research is needed to understand the relationship between the nurse–nurse collaboration and job performance in the ICUs due to the multidimensionality of both concepts, the complexity of the ICU environment, and the lack of studies.

Aim

To examine the relationship between nurse–nurse collaboration and self‐perceived nurse performance among Jordanian nurses in ICUs.

Design

Descriptive, correlational cross‐sectional design was used.

Methods

Data were collected through an online survey including the demographic questionnaire, the nurse–nurse collaboration scale, and six‐dimensions scale for nursing performance.

Results

In total, 155 critical care nurses participated (response rate = 46.97%). Self‐perceived job performance was significantly associated with gender (t = −3.189, P = .002), age (r = −0.301, P < .01), workplace (F = 28.20, P = .001), the type of ICU (F = 17.70, P = .001), and the number of assigned patients (r = 0.407, P < .01). Among all nurse–nurse collaboration subscales, only the conflict management subscale was an independent significant predictor of self‐perceived nursing performance (t = 3.06, B = 3.066, P = .003).

Conclusions

Effective conflict management is associated with better nurse performance, which could ultimately improve patient care in ICUs.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

Conflict resolution is an important dimension of optimal nurse–nurse collaboration and has an important effect on nursing performance. Nurses and nurse managers in ICUs need to attend workshops and training programs in conflict management.
The role of vagal innervation on the early development of postoperative ileus in mice
Authors: Brandlhuber Martina , Benhaqi Petra , Brandlhuber Bernhard , Koliogiannis Vanessa , Kasparek Michael S. , Mueller Mario H. , Kreis Martin E.
Published: December 2021

Background

Postoperative ileus (POI) involves an intestinal inflammatory response that is modulated by afferent and efferent vagal activation. We aimed to identify the potential influence of the vagus nerve on POI by tracking central vagal activation and its role for peripheral inflammatory changes during the early hours after surgery.

Methods

C57BL6 mice were vagotomized (V) 3–4 days prior to experiments, while control animals received sham vagotomy (SV). Subgroups underwent either laparotomy (sham operation; S‐POI) or laparotomy followed by standardized small bowel manipulation to induce postoperative ileus (POI). Three hours and 9 h later, respectively, a jejunal segment was harvested and infiltration of inflammatory cells in intestinal muscularis was evaluated by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) avidin and myeloperoxidase (MPO) staining. Moreover, the brain stem was harvested, and central nervous activation was investigated by Fos immunochemistry in both the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and the area postrema (AP). Data are presented as mean ± SEM, and a p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Key Results

Three hour experiments revealed no significant differences between all experimental groups, except MPO staining: 3 h after abdominal surgery, there were significantly more MPO‐positive cells in vagotomized S‐POI animals compared to sham‐vagotomized S‐POI animals (26.7 ± 7.1 vs. 5.1 ± 2.4, p < 0.01). Nine hour postoperatively intramuscular mast cells (IMMC) were significantly decreased in the intestinal muscularis of V/POI animals compared to SV/POI animals (1.5 ± 0.3 vs. 5.9 ± 0.2, p < 0.05), while MPO‐positive cells were increased in V/POI animals compared to SV/POI animals (713.2 ± 99.4 vs. 46.9 ± 5.8, p < 0.05). There were less Fos‐positive cells in the NTS of V/POI animals compared to SV/POI animals (64.7 ± 7.8 vs. 132.8 ± 23.9, p < 0.05) and more Fos‐positive cells in the AP of V/POI animals compared to SV/POI animals 9 h postoperatively (38.0 ± 2.0 vs. 13.7 ± 0.9, p < 0.001).

Conclusions and Interferences

Afferent nerve signaling to the central nervous system during the development of early POI seems to be mediated mainly via the vagus nerve and to a lesser degree via systemic circulation. During the early hours of POI, the intestinal immune response may be attenuated by vagal modulation, suggesting interactions between the central nervous system and the intestine.
Intense orthodontic force induces the three dental pulp nitric oxide synthase isoforms and leads to orofacial discomfort in rats
Authors: Sobrinho José Edson Moreira , Aguiar Maria Thaynara , Machado Larissa Carvalho , Carlos Anna Clara Aragão Matos , Nunes Alves Ana Paula Negreiros , Mesquita Karine Cestaro , de Miranda Candeiro George Táccio , de Barros Silva Paulo Goberlânio
Published: December 2021

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms influence during tooth movement with different forces.

Settings and sample population

100 male Wistar rats (n = 10/group) were divided into a Sham group (animals not submitted to device installation nor Induced Toot Movement [ITM]), Negative Control Group (NCG) (animals submitted to device installation but not to ITM) and three experimental groups (F1, F2 and F3) (submitted to ITM with forces of 25, 50 and 100 gF respectively).

Materials and methods

A daily count of biting and scratching on the vibrissae and the Grimace scale were applied. After 4 (D4) and 11 (D11) days, the molar diastema was measured, and the animals were euthanized for histological (vascular parameters) and immunohistochemistry (iNOS, eNOS and nNOS) in the dental pulp.

Results

On D4, there was significant movement in the F3 group (P = .001) and on D11 in F1, F2 and F3 (P < .001). The number of bites (P < .001) and scratching (P = .006) was higher in F2‐F3, and F3 had higher Grimace scores (P < .001) and weight loss (P < .001). At D4, there was an increase in pulp ectasia in F2‐F3 (P = .021) and a reduction in the number of vessels in F3 (P = .005). In D4 and D11, there was a significant increase in immunostaining for iNOS and eNOS in F1 (P = .025 and P < .001 respectively) and F2 (P = .007 and P < .001 respectively). At D4, F2 and F3 showed higher immunostaining for nNOS (P = .027).

Conclusion

Thus, IDM induced inflammatory changes in the dental pulp reflecting in force‐dependent pain/suffering signs.
Modified lyse and wait technique for the treatment of dialysis fistula thrombosis: Percutaneous thrombolytic therapy with a 27‐G dental needle
Authors: Ates Omer Faruk , Taydas Onur
Published: December 2021

Background

The lyse and wait technique is a percutaneous endovascular technique in the treatment of thrombosed dialysis fistulas. In this study, our aim was to introduce a more easily applicable modification of the lyse and wait technique and present our results.

Methods

A total of 84 patients (56 male; 66.6%), with a mean age of 61 years, were included in the study. The treatment was performed in patients presenting with dialysis fistula thrombosis no more than 1 week before the procedure, whose thrombosed segment length was less than 10 cm. A 27‐G dental needle was inserted into the thrombosed segment under ultrasonography guidance, and 5 mg of alteplase was injected in a controlled manner. After about 6 to 12 h, the patients were taken to the angiography unit, and balloon angioplasty was performed.

Results

The technical and clinical success of the procedure was 98.8%. Technical and clinical failure occurred in only one patient. The median primary patency duration was 13.5 months. None of the patients had major complications. At the end of 12 months, the primary patency rate was 66.6%, and the secondary patency rate was 80%.

Conclusions

Our technique has shown to have high technical and clinical success and patency.
Skin disease in goats (Capra aegagrus hircus): a retrospective study of 358 cases at a university veterinary teaching hospital (1988–2020)
Authors: White Stephen D. , Affolter Verena K. , Molinaro Annette M. , Depenbrock Sarah M. , Chigerwe Munashe , Heller Meera C. , Rowe Joan Dean
Published: December 2021

Background

Goats are important worldwide as a source of milk, meat, fibre and hide, and as show animals and pets.

Hypothesis/objectives

To document the type, signalment associations and prevalence of skin disease in a referral hospital population.

Animals

Case population at a university veterinary teaching hospital.

Methods and materials

Retrospective study by searching computerised medical records of goats seen between 1 January 1988 and 1 January 2021. Key words employed were “alopecia, caseous lymphadenitis,Chorioptes, dermatitis, dermatophyte, dermatophytosis, goat, lice, louse, mange, mite, pemphigus foliaceus,Psoroptes, ringworm, seborrhea, skin”

Results

Of 1,488 records reviewed, 358 (24%) goats had skin disease recorded. Seventy‐nine (22.1%) of 358 goats presented primarily for skin disease. The Nigerian Dwarf goat breed was at higher risk of developing skin disease (P < 0.0002). As goats aged, the odds for developing skin disease was higher [odds ratio (OR) = 1.07 per year, 95% confidence interval (1.04, 1.12)] as was the predilection for malignant skin tumours (P < 0.001). Sex was not associated with skin disease (P = 0.98). The most common clinical sign was exfoliative dermatitis, noted in 94 (26.4%) of 358 goats. The most common diagnoses were pediculosis, bacterial skin disease and squamous cell carcinoma. Less frequent diagnoses wereChorioptesspp. infestation, contagious ecthyma (orf), coronitis/interdigital dermatitis, demodicosis, dermatophytosis,Psoroptesspp. infestation, dermatophilosis and pemphigus foliaceus.

Conclusions and clinical importance

Skin diseases are common in goats. Nigerian Dwarf goats and older goats are at greater risk of developing skin disease; Nigerian Dwarf goats had a predilection for malignant skin tumours. Clinicians should include a dermatological examination in goats regardless of the reason for presentation.
Retrospective evaluation of red blood cell distribution width as a prognostic factor in critically ill dogs (December 2016 to April 2017): 127 cas
Authors: Garcia‐Arce Marta , Gow Adam G. , Handel Ian , Ngoi Waiyin , Thomas Emily
Published: December 2021

Objective

To evaluate the association between RBC distribution width (RDW) and in‐hospital mortality, length of hospitalization, and leukocyte count in critically ill dogs.

Design

Retrospective study.

Setting

University teaching hospital.

Animals

One hundred and twenty‐seven dogs admitted to the ICU from December 2016 to April 2017. Patients were included if they had a CBC performed within the first 24 h of admission.

Interventions

None.

Measurements and Main Results

The overall in‐hospital mortality rate was 29% (37/127), and median length of hospital stay was 3 days (interquartile range [IQR], 5). The median RDW value was 13.8% (IQR, 1.6%; reference interval, 11.9%–14.5 %). The canine Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation (APPLE) fast score was calculated in 81 of 127 (64%) patients; the median score was 24/50 (IQR, 9). There was no significant correlation between RDW and APPLE fast score (P = 0.163). Subgroup analysis was performed according to the following diagnostic categories: abdominal (36%; 46/127), hematological (13%; 16/127), respiratory (13%; 16/127), neurological (12%; 15/127), cardiovascular (11%; 14/127), integument (3%; 4/127), trauma (3%; 4/127), musculoskeletal (2%; 3/127), and others (7%; 9/127). Increased RDW was not associated with in‐hospital mortality overall (P = 0.381) or in any individual subgroup analysis. No association was found between length of hospitalization and RDW values in either survivors (P = 0.548) or nonsurvivors (P = 0.083). The correlation between RDW and leukocyte count was nonsignificant (P = 0.12).

Conclusions

In this study, admission RDW was not associated with in‐hospital mortality or length of hospitalization in critically ill dogs. The correlation between RDW and leukocyte count was nonsignificant.
Routine donor red cell antibody screening: Considering the alternate strategy
Authors: Sivakaanthan Aarany , Hollands Sarah , Powley Tanya , Ismay Sue , Daly James
Published: December 2021

Background and Objectives

Australian Red Cross Lifeblood (Lifeblood) performs red blood cell (RBC) antibody screening on every whole blood donation. An alternate strategy has been proposed whereby an antibody screen is performed on the first donation and only repeated following pregnancy, transfusion or a significant break between donations (>2 years). We assess the blood safety risks associated with removing antibody screening for every whole blood donation.

Materials and Methods

A retrospective desktop analysis included all whole blood donations collected by Lifeblood between 01 May 2018 and 30 April 2019 to quantify the antibodies that would have been undetected with the alternate strategy. The strategy was further assessed using the Alliance of Blood Operators Risk‐Based Decision‐Making framework.

Results

One hundred and seventy‐one routine donors had antibodies for the first time, but reported no sensitizing event since their last donation. Forty‐seven of these had antibodies of a clinically significant specificity and titre that have the potential to cause a haemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR). The calculated risk of undetected antibodies being transfused to an incompatible recipient is 1 in 82,200.

Conclusion

The estimated risk of HTRs with the alternate strategy results in an increased risk. While the alternate strategy is identified as the most cost‐effective option within the Australian setting, this additional residual risk was not deemed to be acceptable. Blood services would need to determine whether the increase in residual risk stemming from implementation of such a strategy is tolerable.
Comparative Performance Analysis of  Selected Routing Algorithms by Load Variation of 2-Dimensional Mesh Topology Based  Network-On-Chip
Authors: Saliu Mohammed Shaba , Omuya Momoh Muyideen , Uchenna Chinedu Pascal , Nwankwo Wilson , Daniel Aliu
Published: December 2021

Network-on-Chip (NoC) has been proposed as a viable solution to the communication challenges on System-on-Chips (SoCs). As the communication paradigm of SoC, NoCs performance depends mainly on the type of routing algorithm chosen. In this paper different categories of routing algorithms were compared. These include XY routing, OE turn model adaptive routing, DyAD routing and Age-Aware adaptive routing.  By varying the load at different Packet Injection Rate (PIR) under random traffic pattern, comparison was conducted using a 4 × 4 mesh topology. The Noxim simulator, a cycle accurate systemC based simulator was employed. The packets were modeled as a Poisson distribution; first-in-first-out (FIFO) input buffer channel with a depth of five (5) flits and a flit size of 32 bits; and a packet size of 3 flits respectively. The simulation time was 10,000 cycles. The findings showed that the XY routing algorithm performed better when the PIR is low.  In a similar vein, the DyAD routing and Age-aware algorithms performed better when the load i.e. PIR is high.
Efficient Thinning Algorithm for Malaysian Car Plate Character Recognition
Authors: Shitu Saifullahi Sadi , Syed Abu Bakar Syed Abd Rahman , Tahir Nura Musa , Bature Usman Isyaku , Liman Haliru
Published: December 2021

The thinning algorithm is one of the approaches of identifying each character printed on the car plate. Malaysian car plate characters appear in different character sizes, styles, customized printed characters etc. These variations contribute to difficulty in thinning successfully segmented and extracted license plate characters for recognition. To address these problems, an improved thinning operation for Malaysian car plate character recognition is proposed. In this algorithm, samples from segmented and extracted license plates are used for a thinning operation which is passed to Zhang-Suen thinning algorithm that could not guarantee one pixel thick and then to single pixelate algorithm that provides one pixel width of character for recognition. From the simulation, the result obtained has clearly proven to be the best for character recognition systems with least number of white pixels (777 pixels) and 0.26% redundant pixel left in the medial curve.
Validation of cepstral peak prominence in assessing early voice changes of Parkinson's disease: Effect of speaking task and ambient noise
Authors: Šimek Michal , Rusz Jan
Published: December 2021

Although the cepstral peak prominence (CPP) and its variant, the cepstral peak prominence smooth (CPPS), are considered to be robust acoustic measures for the evaluation of dysphonia, whether they are sensitive to capture early voice changes in Parkinson's disease (PD) has not yet been explored. This study aimed to investigate the voice changes via the CPP measures in the idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), a special case of prodromal neurodegeneration, and recently diagnosed and advanced-stage Parkinson's disease (AS-PD) patients using different speaking tasks across noise-free and noisy environments. The sustained vowel phonation, reading of passages, and monologues of 60 early stage untreated PD, 30 advanced-stage Parkinson's disease, 60 iRBD, and 60 healthy control (HC) participants were evaluated. Significant differences were found between the PD groups and controls in sustained phonation via the CPP (p < 0.05) and CPPS (p < 0.01) and the monologue via the CPP (p < 0.01), although neither the CPP nor CPPS measures were sufficiently sensitive to capture the possible prodromal dysphonia in the iRBD. The quality of the CPP and CPPS measures was influenced substantially by the addition of ambient noise. It was anticipated that the CPP measures might serve as a promising digital biomarker in assessing the dysphonia from the early stages of PD.
The 3+1 formalism in teleparallel and symmetric teleparallel gravity
Authors: Capozziello Salvatore , Finch Andrew , Said Jackson Levi , Magro Alessio
Published: December 2021

Teleparallel and symmetric teleparallel gravity offer platforms in which gravity can be formulated in interesting geometric approaches, respectively given by torsion and nonmetricity. In this vein, general relativity can be expressed in three dynamically equivalent ways which may offer insights into the different properties of these decompositions such as their Hamiltonian structure, the efficiency of numerical analyses, as well as the classification of gravitational field degrees of freedom. In this work, we take a $$3+1$$

3
+
1

decomposition of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity and the symmetric teleparallel equivalent of general relativity which are both dynamically equivalent to curvature based general relativity. By splitting the spacetime metric and corresponding tetrad into their spatial and temporal parts as well as through finding the Gauss-like equations, it is possible to set up a general foundation for the different formulations of gravity. Based on these results, general 3-tetrad and 3-metric evolution equations are derived. Finally through the choice of the two respective connections, the metric $$3+1$$

3
+
1

formulation for general relativity is recovered as well as the tetrad $$3+1$$

3
+
1

formulation of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity and the metric $$3+1$$

3
+
1

formulation of symmetric teleparallel equivalent of general relativity. The approach is capable, in principle, of resolving common features of the various formulations of general relativity at a fundamental level and pointing out characteristics that extensions and alternatives to the various formulations can present.
Running axial mass of the nucleon as a phenomenological tool for calculating quasielastic neutrino–nucleus cross sections
Authors: Kakorin Igor D. , Kuzmin Konstantin S. , Naumov Vadim A.
Published: December 2021

We suggest an empirical rule-of-thumb for calculating the cross sections of charged-current quasielastic (CCQE) and CCQE-like interactions of neutrinos and antineutrinos with nuclei. The approach is based on the standard relativistic Fermi-gas model and on the notion of neutrino energy dependent axial-vector mass of the nucleon, governed by a couple of adjustable parameters, one of which is the conventional charged-current axial-vector mass. The inelastic background contributions and final-state interactions are therewith simulated usingGENIE 3neutrino event generator. An extensive comparison of our calculations with earlier and current accelerator CCQE and CCQE-like data for different nuclear targets shows good or at least qualitative overall agreement over a wide energy range. We also discuss some problematical issues common to several competing contemporary models of the CCQE (anti)neutrino–nucleus scattering and to the current neutrino interaction generators.
Effect of thermochemical treatments on laser-induced luminescence spectra from strontium titanate: comparison with swift ion-beam irradiation experiments
Authors: Crespillo M. L. , Graham J. T. , Agulló-López F. , Zhang Y. , Weber W. J.
Published: December 2021

Results recently reported on the effect of thermochemical treatments on the (He-Cd) laser-excited emission spectra of strontium titanate (STO) are re-analyzed here and compared with results obtained under ion-beam irradiation. Contributing bands centered at 2.4 eV and 2.8 eV, which appear under laser excitation, present intensities dependent upon previous thermal treatments in oxidizing (O2) or reducing atmosphere (H2). As a key result, the emission band centered at 2.8 eV is clearly enhanced in samples exposed to a reducing atmosphere. From a comparison with the ionoluminescence data, it is concluded that the laser-excited experiments can be rationalized within a framework developed from ion-beam excitation studies. In particular, the band at 2.8 eV, sometimes attributed to oxygen vacancies, behaves as expected for optical transitions from conduction-band (CB) states to the ground state level of the self-trapped exciton center. The band at 2.0 eV reported in ion-beam irradiated STO, and attributed to oxygen vacancies, is not observed in laser-excited crystals. As a consequence of our analysis, a consistent scheme of electronic energy levels and optical transitions can now be reliably offered for strontium titanate.

Graphical abstract
Gomisin A Alleviates Obesity by Regulating the Phenotypic Switch between White and Brown Adipocytes
Authors: Han Yo-Han , Kee Ji-Ye , Hong Seung-Heon
Published: December 2021

Although gomisin A (GA) alleviates cancer and inflammation, its anti-obesity effect and the underlying mechanism have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the anti-obesity effects of GA by investigating the phenotypic changes involved in the browning and whitening of adipocytes. Here, obesity was induced to C57BL/6J mice using a high-fat diet (HFD). We administrated GA and checked weight changes for 12 weeks. We found that GA decreased the weight of weight gain, epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), and liver in the mice. In addition, the administration of GA elevated the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol in the mice serum. Moreover, even after 12 weeks of treatment with GA, it did not cause any hepatic and renal toxicity. However, we found that GA induced the browning of eWAT and inhibited the whitening of brown adipose tissue. We further confirmed the anti-obesity mechanism of GA using 3T3-L1 cells, the human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs), and primary brown adipocytes (BAs) in vitroexperiments. We found that GA suppressed adipogenesis via the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Furthermore, GA-induced browning by increasing the expression levels of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in hAMSCs. The results of our study indicate that GA can inhibit weight gain by regulating the phenotypic changes involved in the browning and whitening of adipose tissues, which makes it a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of obesity.
Fuzzy Control Based Stage Phobia Analysis System for Vocal Performers
Authors: Li Hesheng
Published: December 2021

This paper integrates wavelet sound wave analysis with a fuzzy control method to develop a stage phobia analysis system for vocal performers in order to enhance the psychological efficiency of vocal performers and reduce the effect of stage phobia on vocal performance. To achieve howling signal filtering, the frequency sub-band with howling is reversed and then superimposed with the original signal in audio processing. Furthermore, this paper incorporates the actual requirements for processing the vocal audio spectrum and builds the corresponding practical modules. Furthermore, this paper integrates the research needs of vocal performers’ stage phobia to create system function modules, and investigates the psychological activities of vocal performers using the fuzzy control system, discovers the factors that influence stage performances, and improves the psychological output of vocal performers. Finally, this paper proposes experiments to test and evaluate the system’s results. The research findings indicate that the system described in this paper has a significant impact.
Wearable Device Based on IoT in the Healthcare System for Disease Detection and Symptom Recognition
Authors: Pradhan Manas Ranjan , Ateeq Karamath , Mago Beenu
Published: December 2021

Humans in good shape face many challenges in their lives, such as food habits and climate change. The result must be aware of the health situation to survive. Lack of accurate patient information, preventive errors, data risks, overdiagnosis, and delayed implementation are challenges that health support services face. Wearable sensors that connect extensive data, data mining analysis for healthcare, and the Internet of things (IoT) have been proposed to solve this problem. This research, Disease Prediction and Symptom Recognition Model using IoT (DDSR-IoT) framework, is proposed for reasoning with regression rules to gather patient information. The Boltzmann network to train Artificial Intelligence (AI) feedback is introduced in the end. As a result, the broad interaction analysis of genomes is used to predict conditions. If those infections have affected people, emails are sent to warn them and provide them with prescriptions and medical advice. In the recommended approach, the experimental study resulted in an enhanced forecast rate of 97.4 percent and a precision of 97.42 percent.
Research on Face Recognition Sports Intelligence Training Platform Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Yang Jie , Tang Lian , Li Xin-Wei
Published: December 2021

With the application of artificial intelligence in many social fields, the research of human behavior recognition and non-contact detection of human physiological parameters based on face recognition and other technologies has developed rapidly, and the application of artificial intelligence in culture, sports and entertainment has also begun to rise. How to apply the existing mature technology to the sports intelligence training system taking table tennis as an example is a hot issue worthy of study. In this paper, a comprehensive intelligent table tennis training system and platform based on Convolutional Neural Network face recognition and face heart rate detection is designed, which is mainly used to solve the philosophical training problem in table tennis. In the system place, an identification cameras is set at the entrance of table tennis training places, which is used for table tennis players’ sign-in and training table number allocation, and an intelligent analysis cameras is set above each intelligent training table, which is used for detecting the face and heart rate of table tennis players. Each intelligent training platform consists of intelligent voice control unit, server, camera, industrial control computer, monitor and other terminal modules. The member data center constitutes the platform of intelligent table tennis training system.
Automated Early Detection of Astrocytomas Tumor Based on Optimized Adaptive Cluster with Super Pixel Model
Authors: Deepak V. K. , Sarath R.
Published: December 2021

In the medical image-processing field brain tumor segmentation is aquintessential task. Thereby early diagnosis gives us a chance of increasing survival rate. It will be way much complex and time consuming when comes to processing large amount of MRI images manually, so for that we need an automatic way of brain tumor image segmentation process. This paper aims to gives a comparative study of brain tumor segmentation, which are MRI-based. So recent methods of automatic segmentation along with advanced techniques gives us an improved result and can solve issue better than any other methods. Therefore, this paper brings comparative analysis of three models such as Deformable model of Fuzzy C-Mean clustering (DMFCM), Adaptive Cluster with Super Pixel Segmentation (ACSP) and Grey Wolf Optimization based ACSP (GWO_ACSP) and these are tested on CANCER IMAGE ACHRCHIEVE which is a preparation information base containing High Grade and Low-Grade astrocytoma tumors. Here boundaries including Accuracy, Dice coefficient, Jaccard score and MCC are assessed and along these lines produce the outcomes. From this examination the test consequences of Grey Wolf Optimization based ACSP (GWO_ACSP) gives better answer for mind tumor division issue.
Dark matter, supernova neutrinos and other backgrounds in direct dark matter searches. The ANDES laboratory prospects
Authors: Fushimi K. J. , Saez M. M. , Mosquera M. E. , Civitarese O.
Published: December 2021

Dark Matter particles can be detected directly via their elastic scattering with nuclei. Next generation experiments can eventually find physical evidences about dark matter candidates. With this motivation in mind, we have calculated the expected signals of dark matter particles in xenon detectors. The calculations were performed by considering different masses and parameters within the minimal supersymmetric standard model. Since the detectors can also detect neutrinos, we have analyzed the supernova neutrino signal including a sterile neutrino in the formalism. Using this [Formula: see text] scheme, we make predictions for both the normal and inverse mass hierarchy. In order to perform a study of the response of planned direct-detection experiments, to be located in ANDES (Agua Negra Deep Experimental Site), we have calculated the neutrino contributions to the background by taken into account reactor’s neutrinos and geoneutrinos at the site of the lab. As a test detector, we take a Xenon1T-like array.
NODE-WEIGHTED AVERAGE FERMAT DISTANCES OF FRACTAL TREE NETWORKS
Authors: CHEN CHEN , MA YING , XI LIFENG
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we investigate a class of self-similar networks modeled on a self-similar fractal tree, and use the self-similar measure and the method of finite pattern to obtain the asymptotic formula of node-weighted average Fermat distances on fractal tree networks.
BLENDED LEARNING IN SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE COURSES: A REFLECTIVE LEARNING MODEL
Authors: LAM CHING MAN , PAN ZIXIN
Published: December 2021

The rapid development of information technology and the recent global pandemic have accelerated the use of online courses in spheres of higher education. However, the use of technology in social work education remains controversial, particularly regarding practice-related courses. This paper reports experiences of using the reflective-based blended approach in courses for teaching social work practice. Positive evaluation and feedback were obtained from students that indicates the success of blended teaching. Based on the practice experience, the paper discusses success factors and difficulties in blended teaching and strategies for blended course design.
WHAT REALLY MATTERS? AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON PERCEIVED EFFECTIVENESS, ACTUAL PRACTICE AND DETERMINANTS OF ADVOCACY IN SOCIAL WORK
Authors: WONG MARGARET F.Y. , LIU BEN C.P. , CHUI RAYMOND C.F. , TSUI CINDY
Published: December 2021

This article presented empirical information to explore and examine the advocacy activities conducted by social workers in Hong Kong. The effectiveness of the advocacy activities as perceived by the social workers are measured and matched with the actual practice. Reasons for undertaking advocacy are collected. The determinants of advocacy include: recognition of the importance of empowerment and relationship building between social workers and service users, helping service users exercise their rights and broaden their life options are instrumental in driving advocacy efforts. The sense of guilt is also a contributing factor behind certain advocacy activities. The importance of research and education in advocacy are emphasized.
Research on Intelligent Trash Can Garbage Classification Scheme Based on Improved YOLOv3 Target Detection Algorithm
Authors: Wang Ying , Muthu BalaAnand , Anbarasan M.
Published: December 2021

In recent studies, YOLOv3, a deep learning-based target detection algorithm, becomes extensively used in object recognition, especially guiding the visually disabled. Current YOLOv3-based assistive technology for the disabled person can now achieve high-precision, real-time object recognition. Even though this algorithm has several flaws, including the failure to estimate distances and the difficulty of accurately recognizing points in fog or haze, it can perform well in waste management. Therefore, this study proposes an Intelligent Garbage Monitoring Scheme based on an improved YOLOv3 Target Detection Algorithm (IGMS-iYTDA) to classify the IoT’sgarbages (IoT) enabled trash can. The performance of the proposed scheme has been evaluated and illustrated for various classification evaluation metrics. The evaluation results show the highest classification accuracy of 99.9% compared to existing models for the proposed scheme.
New characterizations of S-coherent rings
Authors: Qi Wei , Zhang Xiaolei , Zhao Wei
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we introduce and study the class [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-ML of [Formula: see text]-Mittag-Leffler modules with respect to all flat modules. We show that a ring [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-coherent if and only if every ideal is in [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-ML, if and only if [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-ML is closed under submodules. As an application, we obtain the [Formula: see text]-version of Chase Theorem: a ring [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-coherent if and only if any direct product of copies of [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-flat, if and only if any direct product of flat [Formula: see text]-modules is [Formula: see text]-flat. Consequently, we provide an answer to the open question proposed by Bennis and El Hajoui [On [Formula: see text]-coherence, J. Korean Math. Soc. 55(6) (2018) 1499–1512].
The Effect of Wear Rate on Polymeric Composites Reinforced Nanoclays
Authors: Mohammed Khalifah Khalid
Published: December 2021

This research aims to study the addition of nanoclays on unsaturated polyester (UP) and epoxy resin (EP) as filling and by weight percentage (2%, 4% and 6%) to this mixture and then study the extent of the effect of this addition on wear rate of the composites’ material where three loads were adopted (10, 15 and 20[Formula: see text]N), respectively, on the iron hard disk (269 HB) and copper hard disk of 111[Formula: see text]HB for the resin before and after adding the clays, where the approved sliding velocities were 4.1887, 3.1415 and 2.0943[Formula: see text]m/sec, respectively, and the test duration was 10 min on the test disc. Immersion of samples in the water for 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks showed a clear improvement in the wear rate and tear values of dry and submerged conditions in a water under different conditions of load change, slipping speed, time and temperature stability after adding the nanoclays to the polymer.
Extension of a Hybrid MABAC–DANP Method Under Gray Environment for Green Supplier Selection
Authors: Ghadikolaei Abdolhamid Safaei , Parkouhi Sahar Valipour , Saloukolaei Davood Darvishi
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, environmental problems have attracted the attention of many craftsmen and researchers. They have developed various policies and practices to protect the environment throughout the supply chain. Since suppliers are one of the supply chain partners, paying attention to these policies by them will be very effective in keeping the supply chain green. In today’s dynamic environment, there is uncertainty in all decisions of the organizations. The wood and paper industry also faces uncertainty in choosing green and environmentally friendly suppliers. These uncertainties must be taken into account when selecting suppliers. Decision-making techniques will cover uncertainty if developed in a gray environment. Many techniques have been developed in a gray environment. But using a combination of DANP and MABAC techniques in a gray environment will be very useful because of the benefits of each. Therefore, using the combination of DANP and MABAC in a gray environment in order to select a green supplier in the wood and paper industry is a gap that is felt and in this paper we try to overcome it. The research findings show that the identified criteria will be very effective in selecting the green supplier and Gray DANP–MABAC can be used for managers’ decisions in the wood and paper industry.
Scalable Phylogeny Reconstruction with Disaggregated Near-memory Processing
Authors: Alachiotis Nikolaos , Skrimponis Panagiotis , Pissadakis Manolis , Pnevmatikatos Dionisios
Published: December 2021

Disaggregated computer architectures eliminate resource fragmentation in next-generation datacenters by enabling virtual machines to employ resources such as CPUs, memory, and accelerators that are physically located on different servers. While this paves the way for highly compute- and/or memory-intensive applications to potentially deploy all CPUs and/or memory resources in a datacenter, it poses a major challenge to the efficient deployment of hardware accelerators: input/output data can reside on different servers than the ones hosting accelerator resources, thereby requiring time- and energy-consuming remote data transfers that diminish the gains of hardware acceleration. Targeting a disaggregated datacenter architecture similar to the IBM dReDBox disaggregated datacenter prototype, the present work explores the potential of deploying custom acceleration units adjacently to the disaggregated-memory controller on memory bricks (in dReDBox terminology), which is implemented on FPGA technology, to reduce data movement and improve performance and energy efficiency when reconstructing large phylogenies (evolutionary relationships among organisms). A fundamental computational kernel is the Phylogenetic Likelihood Function (PLF), which dominates the total execution time (up to 95%) of widely used maximum-likelihood methods. Numerous efforts to boost PLF performance over the years focused on accelerating computation; since the PLF is a data-intensive, memory-bound operation, performance remains limited by data movement, and memory disaggregation only exacerbates the problem. We describe two near-memory processing models, one that addresses the problem of workload distribution to memory bricks, which is particularly tailored toward larger genomes (e.g., plants and mammals), and one that reduces overall memory requirements through memory-side data interpolation transparently to the application, thereby allowing the phylogeny size to scale to a larger number of organisms without requiring additional memory.
A Real-Time Deep Learning OFDM Receiver
Authors: Brennsteiner Stefan , Arslan Tughrul , Thompson John , McCormick Andrew
Published: December 2021

Machine learning in the physical layer of communication systems holds the potential to improve performance and simplify design methodology. Many algorithms have been proposed; however, the model complexity is often unfeasible for real-time deployment. The real-time processing capability of these systems has not been proven yet. In this work, we propose a novel, less complex, fully connected neural network to perform channel estimation and signal detection in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system. The memory requirement, which is often the bottleneck for fully connected neural networks, is reduced by ≈ 27 times by applying known compression techniques in a three-step training process. Extensive experiments were performed for pruning and quantizing the weights of the neural network detector. Additionally, Huffman encoding was used on the weights to further reduce memory requirements. Based on this approach, we propose the first field-programmable gate array based, real-time capable neural network accelerator, specifically designed to accelerate the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing detector workload. The accelerator is synthesized for a Xilinx RFSoC field-programmable gate array, uses small-batch processing to increase throughput, efficiently supports branching neural networks, and implements superscalar Huffman decoders.
Sine Inverse Lomax Generated Family of Distributions with Applications
Authors: Fayomi Aisha , Algarni Ali , Almarashi Abdullah M.
Published: December 2021

This paper introduces a new family of distributions by combining the sine produced family and the inverse Lomax generated family. The new proposed family is very interested and flexible more than some old and current families. It has many new models which have many applications in physics, engineering, and medicine. Some fundamental statistical properties of the sine inverse Lomax generated family of distributions as moments, generating function, and quantile function are calculated. Four special models as sine inverse Lomax-exponential, sine inverse Lomax-Rayleigh, sine inverse Lomax-Frèchet and sine inverse Lomax-Lomax models are proposed. Maximum likelihood estimation of model parameters is proposed in this paper. For the purpose of evaluating the performance of maximum likelihood estimates, a simulation study is conducted. Two real life datasets are analyzed by the sine inverse Lomax-Lomax model, and we show that providing flexibility and more fitting than known nine models derived from other generated families.