bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder dari Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Batang Bauhinia semibifida Roxb. dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan
Authors: Fadhli Haiyul , Ummah Nur Fitria Rohmatul , Rahmawati Noveri
Published: March 2021

Kulit batang Bauhinia semibifida Roxb. telah lama digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh masyarakat Melayu Lingga, Kepulauan Riau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menguji aktivitas antioksidan senyawa metabolit sekunder dari ekstrak metanol kulit batang B. semibifida Roxb. Tiga isolat murni berupa satu senyawa alkaloid (BR1) dan dua senyawa flavonoid (BR2 dan BR3) telah berhasil diisolasi dengan cara ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dan dilanjutkan fraksinasi dengan metode kromatografi kolom. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan terhadap isolat dengan metode 2,2 difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Senyawa isolat BR1 menunjukan IC50 >1000 µg/mL dikategorikan tidak aktif sebagai antioksidan, sedangkan senyawa isolat BR2 dan BR3 menunjukan IC50 2,92 µg/mL dan 4,39 µg/mL dikategorikan sangat kuat sebagai antioksidan jika dibandingkan dengan vitamin C sebagai kontrol. Berdasarkan evaluasi aktivitas antioksidan senyawa BR2 adalah senyawa pilihan yang dilanjutkan identifikasi dengan spektroskopi Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) dan Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) sehingga diduga senyawa isolat memiliki struktur dasar senyawa flavonoid.

Isolation of Secondary Metabolite Compounds of Methanolic Extract of Steam Bark Bauhinia semibifida Roxb. and Their Antioxidant Activites. Stem bark of Bauhinia semibifida Roxb. has been long consumed as a medicinal herb by Lingga Malaya Ethnic. Therefore, this research aimed to isolate and examines the antioxidant activity of secondary metabolites from methanol extract of stembark of Bauhinia semibifida Roxb. Three pure compounds which are an alkaloid (BR1) and two flavonoids (BR2 and BR3) have been isolated by extraction using maceration method followed by fractionation using column chromatography method. Antioxidant activity assay was carried out by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Compound BR1 showed IC50 >1000 µg/mL categorized as inactive as an antioxidant, while compounds BR2 and BR3 showed IC50 2.92 µg/mL and 4.394 µg/mL, respectively, categorized as very strong as an antioxidant when compared to vitamin C as a control. Based on the evaluation of the antioxidant activity, the BR2 was selected compound and continued to identification by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy so that the isolate has the basic structure of flavonoid compound.
Evaluasi Persepsi dan Sikap Mahasiswa terhadap Lingkungan Pembelajaran Blended Learning Mata Kuliah Kalkulus Integral Prodi Pendidikan Matematika FMIPA UNJ
Authors: Tri Murdiyanto  , Dwi Antari Wijayanti
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menyelidiki persepsi mahasiswa prodi Pendidikan Matematika FMIPA UNJ tentang lingkungan pembelajaran blended learning dan sikap mereka terhadap pembelajaran blended learning pada mata kuliah kalkulus integral. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam rangka pengembangan lingkungan pembelajaran blended learning yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran saat pandemi Covid-19, dengan menggunakan metode survei terhadap mahasiswa yang sedang mengambil mata kuliah kalkulus integral pada semester ganjil tahun 2020/2021. Lingkungan belajar blended learning mata kuliah kalkulus integral dirancang dengan pola setiap pertemuan memuat kegiatan sinkron dan asinkron yang disajikan dalam Learning Management System (LMS) yang disebut Multi Chanel Learning (MCL). Kegiatan dimulai secara asinkron, yaitu mempelajari materi presentasi sebelum video conference (vicon), dilanjutkan secara sinkron, yaitu melaksanakan vicon menggunakan platform Microsoft Teams disertai tanya jawab dan forum diskusi. Selanjutnya kegiatan pembelajaran kembali bersifat asinkron untuk mengeksplorasi materi dari link website dan link video pembelajaran yang dilanjutkan dengan forum diskusi secara asinkron. Kegiatan terakhir pembelajaran mencakup mengerjakan tugas individu dan evaluasi. Kuesioner persepsi mahasiswa terhadap lingkungan pembelajaran blended learning digunakan untuk menilai persepsi mahasiswa di lima dimensi inti dari lingkungan pembelajaran blended learning, yaitu infrastruktur, akses, interaksi, respon, dan hasil. Sikap mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran blended learning diukur dengan instrumen sikap dengan skala likert yang meliputi variabel tujuan dan isi materi, proses belajar, dosen dalam pembelajaran, serta upaya eksplorasi materi.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi mahasiswa terhadap lingkungan pembelajaran blended learning pada mata kuliah kalkulus integral yang menyangkut infrastruktur, akses, interaksi, respon, dan hasil dapat menjadi tempat atau latar yang memungkinkan mereka mengalami proses belajar, serta memperoleh dan membangun pengetahuan. Sikap mahasiswa terhadap lingkungan pembelajaran blended learning pada mata kuliah kalkulus integral berkaitan dengan variabel tujuan dan isi materi, proses, dosen, dan upaya eksplorasi pengetahuan memberikan tingkat kepuasan yang tinggi dengan ketersediaan dan dukungan pembelajaran yang diberikan.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Van Hiele dan Kecerdasan Spasial terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa di MAN Bekasi
Authors: Citra Diah Citra Ningrum , Ambarwati Lukita , Sampoerno Pinta Deniyanti
Published: March 2021

Kemampuan penalaran matematis merupakan keterampilan yang sangat penting dalam pembelajaran matematika. Matematika merupakan hasil pemikiran manusia yang berkaitan dengan ide, proses dan penalaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana model pembelajaran Van Hiele dapat memberikan kesempatan dan mendorong siswa untuk mempraktikkan keterampilan penalarannya dalam hal kecerdasan spasial siswa Sekaligus untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Van Hiele terhadap kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa di MAN Bekasi melalui penggunaan  materi dimensi tiga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimen jenis Multistage Random Sampling. Populasi Penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XII MAN di Bekasi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Multistage Random Sampling yaitu kombinasi dari metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah Cluster Stratified Sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan di empat Madrasah Aliyah (MAN) di Negeri Bekasi yaitu MAN 1 Kota Bekasi, MAN 2 Kota Bekasi, MAN 2 Kabupaten Bekasi dan MAN 3 Kabupaten Bekasi dengan melibatkan 126 siswa dari kelas XII IPA. Dalam penelitian ini pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen keterampilan penalaran matematis dan instrumen kecerdasan spasial. Uji instrumen dilakukan di empat sekolah kemudian data dianalisis, pertama dilakukan uji persyaratan yaitu uji normalitas menggunakan tes Kolmogorov Sminov dan uji homogenitas dengan menggunakan uji Bartlett serta uji kesamaan rata-rata dengan menggunakan uji Anava satu arah. Sebaran data diperoleh menggunakan Desain penelitian menggunakan desain analisis (ANNOVA) dengan rancangan 2x2.Setelah diperoleh data sampel kemudian pengujian hipotesis dilanjutkan dengan uji normalitas dengan menggunakan uji Kolmogorov Sminov dan uji Levene dalam menentukan homogenitas. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan uji-t menghasilkan  sebesar 6,153 dan  sebesar 1,979 yang mengakibatkan H0 ditolak pada taraf signifikan 0,05. Oleh karena itu, hasil penelitian ini memiliki kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Van Hiele terhadap kemampuan penalaran matematis ditinjau dari kecerdasan spasial siswa di MAN Bekasi diterima.
the effect of temperatures and humidity rates on the mean weight loss from developement
Authors: Khadhayir Solaf A.
Published: March 2021

The effect of some environmental factors in the loss rate for high weights virgins are full to the screwworm fly of the ancient world and included temperatures 15,20,25,30,35,40 study showed that the rate of loss in weight virgins advanced to full participants at a temperature of 15 C while notgets evolution
Fast neutrons Al-Hamdani utilization to solar cells performance
Authors: Al-Hamadani Ali-H. , Al-Ani Nidalla H.K. , Tomaa Saad Adbulwahed
Published: March 2021

Been in this gravel study the effect of Alchgag fast neutrons emitted by the source on the electrical properties of silicon solar cells monounsaturated crystal at a constant rate of neutron flow rate of a wide range of neutron flow speed ranges for periods of time ranging from 2-10 hours
on periodic point and chaotic functions
Authors: Al-Katby Saleen Hasan , Mustafa Kaula Ali
Published: March 2021

We dealt with the nature of the points under the influence of periodic function chaotic functions associated functions chaotic and sufficient conditions to be a very chaotic functions Palace
the relationship btwen serum sialic and humoral immune response in patients with sthma
Authors: Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Fazaa Nadheer A. , Abdul-wahed Hamssa E
Published: March 2021

forty-six patients with asthma were tested for the scrum levels of total sialic and diffrental the results reveled a significant increased in the scra of asthmatic patients
edge detection using modification prewitt operators
Authors: Al-Ani Suhad A.H.
Published: March 2021

in this paper we adopted ways for detecting edges locally classical prewitt operators and modification it are adopted to perform the edge detection and comparing then with sobel opreators the study shows that using a prewitt opreators
Detemination of zine level in blood serum by neutron activation anal ysis(N.A.A)
Authors: Al-Ani Damia Thamer
Published: March 2021

zine level in serum was mesured from patients suffering ftom cancer and healthy indiciduals hindred from each individuals were classified into three according to thier age the groups were
A study the electrical properties of a Se:2.5%as thin films prepared by thermal cvaporation
Authors: Abbas N.K. , Abbas L.K. , Baler A.A
Published: March 2021

thin films of se:2.5% as were deposited on a glass substates by thermal coevaporation techniqi=ue under high vacuum at different thikness
Analytical and Machine-Learning Analysis of Hydraulic Fracture-Induced Natural Fracture Slip
Authors: Zhao Peidong , Gray K. E.
Published: March 2021

Stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) is a prime factor controlling well performance in unconventional shale plays. In general, SRV describes the extent of connected conductive fracture networks within the formation. Being a pre-existing weak interface, natural fractures (NFs) are the preferred failure paths. Therefore, the interaction of hydraulic fractures (HFs) and NFs is fundamental to fracture growth in a formation. Field observations of induced fracture systems have suggested complex failure zones occurring in the vicinity of HFs, which makes characterizing the SRV a significant challenge. Thus, this work uses a broad range of subsurface conditions to investigate the near-tip processes and to rank their influences on HF-NF interaction.

In this study, a 2D analytical workflow is presented that delineates the potential slip zone (PSZ) induced by a HF. The explicit description of failure modes in the near-tip region explains possible mechanisms of fracture complexity observed in the field. The parametric analysis shows varying influences of HF-NF relative angle, stress state, net pressure, frictional coefficient, and HF length to the NF slip. This work analytically proves that an NF at a 30 ± 5° relative angle to an HF has the highest potential to be reactivated, which dominantly depends on the frictional coefficient of the interface. The spatial extension of the PSZ normal to the HF converges as the fracture propagates away and exhibits asymmetry depending on the relative angle. Then a machine-learning (ML) model [random forest (RF) regression] is built to replicate the physics-based model and statistically investigate parametric influences on NF slips. The ML model finds statistical significance of the predicting features in the order of relative angle between HF and NF, fracture gradient, frictional coefficient of the NF, overpressure index, stress differential, formation depth, and net pressure. The ML result is compared with sensitivity analysis and provides a new perspective on HF-NF interaction using statistical measures. The importance of formation depth on HF-NF interaction is stressed in both the physics-based and data-driven models, thus providing insight for field development of stacked resource plays. The proposed concept of PSZ can be used to measure and compare the intensity of HF-NF interactions at various geological settings.
Does Balancing Site Characteristics Result in Balanced Population Characteristics in a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial?
Authors: Stolzmann Kelly , Lew Robert , Miller Christopher J , Kim Bo , Wu Hongsheng , Bauer Mark S
Published: March 2021

Background Intervention trials with nested designs seek to balance sites randomized regarding key site characteristics. Among the goals of such site-level balancing is to accrue patient-level equivalence among treatment arms. We investigated patient-level equivalence in a cluster randomized controlled trial, which balanced study waves on site-level characteristics.MethodsThe Behavioral Health Interdisciplinary Program - Collaborative Chronic Care Model project utilized a stepped wedge design to stagger implementation of an evidence-based team-oriented mental health patient management system at 9 Veteran Affairs Medical Centers. Study sites were balanced on eight site-level characteristics over time (3 balanced waves [consecutive time periods] with 3 sites per wave) to minimize trend. Sites were balanced on selected site-level characteristics but not on patient-level variables. We explored internal differences in patient demographics across the three study waves. Eligible patients had at least two visits to a participating mental health clinic in the prior year and did not have a diagnosis of dementia (n=5,596).ResultsWe found modest but statistically significant inter-site differences in age, marital status, ethnicity, service-related disability, mental health hospitalizations, and selected diagnoses by study wave. Although many of the differences in patient demographics by study wave were statistically significant, only a few results were practically meaningful as measured by effect size. A bipolar diagnosis (49.0%, 21.0%, 17.0% in waves 1-3, respectively; Cramer’s V=.3124) and Hispanic ethnicity (2.9%, 29.6%, 2.0% in waves 1-3, respectively; Cramer’s V=.3949) resulted in differences that were considered a ‘moderate’ effect size. The number of patient characteristics that were both statistically and meaningfully different by study wave among all possible site assignments was comparable to the 34 most balanced site assignments identified in our balancing algorithm.ConclusionsUsing a balancing algorithm to reduce imbalance among site characteristics across time periods did not appear to negatively affect the balance of patient characteristics across sites over time. A site-level balancing algorithm that includes characteristics with a direct relationship to relevant patient-level factors may improve the overall balance across key elements of the study, and aide in the interpretation of results. Trial registration: Hybrid Collaborative Care Randomized Program Evaluation (BHIP-CCM) NCT02543840 (September 7, 2015)
Low pH Hypromellose (Taffix™) nasal powder spray reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection rate post mass-gathering event at a highly endemic community: An observational prospective open label user survey
Authors: Shmuel Klang , Dalia Megiddo , Tair Lapidot , Yaakov Naparstek
Published: March 2021

Bney Brak city tops Israel’s COVID-19 infection rate and mortality. Before the Jewish New Year ( two day gathering for prayers) PCR positivity rates were 17.6% and reached 28.1% two weeks later Taffix - an innovative nasal powder creates a protective gel over the nasal mucosa that blocks viruses from infecting nasal cells. In a prospective users survey, 243 members of a Jewish ultra-orthodox community that participated in the two days prayers were followed for the 14 days to measure the effect of Taffix in this “super spread” event . 83 used Taffix throughout holiday’s prayers and the following two weeks (ITT) . 81 used it regularly as instructed (PP) . Two used it rarely if at all. The remaining 160 did not use Taffix . After 14 days, 0/81 (0%) of (PP) Tafffic users , 2/83 (2.4%) of (ITT) Taffix users and 16/160 (10%) of Taffix non users were infected. Odds ratio for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Taffix users was 0.22, a reduction of 78% (95%CI 1%-95%). No side effects were reported. Taffix is an additional powerful tool against COVID19 spread, in addition to recommended safety measures. This is first time that any preventing measure of SARS-CoV-2, beyond the use of masks, proved effective.
Fluid, pH and electrolyte imbalance associated with COVID-19 mortality
Authors: Nahkuri Satu , Becker Tim , Schueller Vitalia , Massberg Steffen , Bauer-Mehren Anna
Published: March 2021

The threat of COVID-19 has harried the world since early 2020. Risk of death from the infection is associated with age and pre-existing comorbidities such as diabetes, dementia, cancer, and impairment of immunological, hepatic or renal function. It still remains incompletely understood why some patients survive the disease, while others perish. Our univariate and multivariate analyses of real world data from U.S. electronic health records indicate that a priori diagnoses of fluid, pH and electrolyte imbalance are highly and independently associated with COVID-19 mortality. We propose that pre-existing homeostatic aberrations are magnified upon the loss of ACE2, which is a core component of the electrolyte management system as well as the entry point of internalizing SARS-CoV-2 viruses. Moreover, we also suggest such fragility of electrolyte homeostasis may increase the risk of plasma volume disturbances during the infection. Future interventional studies should investigate whether the risk of death can be alleviated by personalized management of the fluid and electrolyte balance of at-risk individuals before and during COVID-19.
Efficacy of normal saline nasal spray and gargle on SARS-CoV-2
for prevention of COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Chatterjee Uday , Chakraborty Ajay , Naskar Sishir , Saha Bibhuti , Bandyapadhyay Bhaswati , Shee Subhasis
Published: March 2021

Background: Role of microaspiration of mucus mixed with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2) causing pneumonia is lacking in searched literature. Recently some authors have emphasized on microaspiration. SARS-CoV-2 primarily replicates in nasal mucosa and sheds in nasal mucus which travels down as microaspiration and causes pneumonia. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of normal saline nasal spray and gargle (NSNSG) to wash off SARS-CoV-2 from nasal and pharyngeal mucosa to prevent microaspiration and pneumonia. Methods: From RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) report, we selected 62 patients for study group and 63 patients for control, having higher virion load i.e. cycle threshold (Ct) value 25 or less. Patients in study group were trained with NSNSG. We reviewed HRCT (high resolution computed tomogram) of lung in 56 patients of both groups for severity score (SS) in lung and was compared with initial HRCTResults: Thirty out of 62 (48%) of study group significantly (p=0·01) became RT-PCR negative following NSNSG compared to 16 out of 63 patients (25%) of control. Thirty one out of 34 patients (91%) of study group either improved or inhibited progression of SS in lung HRCT. In control group, 14 out of 22 patients (63%) also showed favourable findings. Nevertheless, study group significantly improved (p=0·028) in SS.Conclusions: NSNSG is significantly efficacious to wash off SARS-CoV-2 from nasal cavity and pharynx, and to break supply chain of SARS-CoV-2 from source to prevent microaspiration in lung alveoli and pneumonia. From that phenomenon we infer that SARS-CoV-2 as a ‘surface virus’ and it seems that vaccine resistant SARS-CoV-2 and different strains of SARS-CoV-2 would be washed off with NSNSG.
Characterization of the Gene Repertoire and Environmentally Driven Expression Patterns in Tanner Crab ( Chionoecetes Bairdi )
Authors: Crandall Grace , Jensen Pamela , White Sam , Roberts Steven
Published: March 2021

Tanner crab ( Chionoecetes bairdi ) are an economically important species that is threatened by ocean warming and Bitter Crab Disease, which is caused by an endoparasitic dinoflagellate, Hematodinium . Little is known about disease transmission or its link to host mortality, or how ocean warming will affect pathogenicity or host susceptibility. To betterunderstand how temperature and infection influence host physiology, we performed a temporal transcriptomic analysis on crab infected with Hematodinium and uninfected crab exposed to either ambient (7.5˚C), elevated (10˚C), or decreased (4˚C) temperature treatments. After assembling a transcriptome and performing a multifactor differential gene expression analysis, we found genes influenced by temperature in relation to infection, and detected some of those genes over time at the individual level using RNAseq data from one crab. Biological processes associated with those genes include lipid storage, transcription, response to oxidative stress, cell adhesion, and morphogenesis. Alteration in lipid storage and transcription provide insight into how temperature impacts energy allocation in Hematodinium infected crabs. Alteration in expression patterns in genes associated with morphogenesis could suggest hemocytes were changing morphology and/or type in response to temperature. This project provides insight into how Hematodinium infection could influence crab physiology as oceans warm.
Topological Phase Transition Between Normal Insulator and Topological Metal State in a Quasi-one-dimensional System
Authors: Jangjan Milad , Hosseini Mir Vahid
Published: March 2021

We theoretically report the finding of a new kind of topological phase transition between a normal insulator and topological metal state where the closing-reopening of bandgap is accompanied by passing the Fermi level through an additional band. The resulting nontrivial topological metal phase is characterized by stable zero-energy localized edge states that exist within the full gapless bulk states. Such states living on a quasi-one-dimensional system with three sublattices per unit cell are protected by hidden inversion symmetry. While other required symmetries such as chiral, particle-hole, or full inversion symmetry are absent in the system.
The Intramolecular Electronic Interaction Regulated by Five-membered Heterocycle Spacer
Authors: Hu Yuqiang , Han Limin , Wang Na
Published: March 2021

The spacer in diferrocenyl derivatives has significant effects on intramolecular electronic interaction properties. In this work, nine diferrocenyl five-membered heterocyclic molecules are synthesized as models to investigate the effect of intramolecular electron-transfer properties systematically, including 2,5-diferrocenyl-1-phenyl-pyrrole (1), 2,5-diferrocenylfuran (2), 2,5-diferrocenylthiophene (3), 2,5-diferrocenyl-1H-imidazole (4), 2,5-diferrocenyloxazole (5), 2,5-diferrocenylthiazole (6), 2,5-diferrocenyl-1,3,4-triazole (7), 2,5-diferrocenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (8) and 2,5-diferrocenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole (9). The molecules were prepared in cyclization reaction and characterized by Elemental analysis, FT-IR, MS and NMR. Moreover, the molecular structures of 2,5-diferrocenylthiazole and 2,5-diferrocenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole were determined by the single crystal X-ray diffraction. The intramolecular electronic interactions were investigated through cyclic voltammetry in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results revealed that the electronic interaction decreased with the increase of heteroatoms in central heterocycle spacer, and the electron-transfer property could be regulated by regulate central heterocycle spacer species.
Impact of human gene annotations on RNA-seq differential expression analysis
Authors: Hamaguchi Yu , Zeng Chao , Hamada Michiaki
Published: March 2021

Background: Differential expression (DE) analysis of RNA-seq data typically depends on gene annotations. Different sets of gene annotations are available for the human genome and are continually updated–a process complicated with the development and application of high-throughput sequencing technologies. However, the impact of the complexity of gene annotations on DE analysis remains unclear.Results: Using “mappability”, a metric of the complexity of gene annotation, we compared three distinct human gene annotations, GENCODE, RefSeq, and NONCODE, and evaluated how mappability affected DE analysis. We found that mappability was significantly different among the human gene annotations. We also found that increasing mappability improved the performance of DE analysis, and the impact of mappability mainly evident in the quantification step and propagated downstream of DE analysis systematically.Conclusions: We assessed how the complexity of gene annotations affects DE analysis using mappability. Our findings indicate that the growth and complexity of gene annotations negatively impact the performance of DE analysis, suggesting that an approach that excludes unnecessary gene models from gene annotations improves the performance of DE analysis.
Efficacy and safety of Naoxintong Capsule for treating Chronic Stable Angina: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Huanjia Gao , Hairong Cai , Jieqin Zhuang , Xingzhen Dai , Xue Fu , Weizhang Zhang , Chen Bojun
Published: March 2021

Background Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, Chronic stable angina (CSA) is the main symptom of myocardial ischemia, causes increased risk of major cardiovascular events such as sudden cardiac death and myocardial infarction.Naoxintong (NXT)Capsule is a classical traditional Chinese medication used to treat CSA, however, few evidence to support the wide utility of NXT capsule for the treatment of CSA .We design this study to evaluating the efficacy and safety of NXT capsule versus placebo in patients with CSA. Methods/design This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 260 eligible participants will be enrolled. The participants will be randomized assigned in an equal ratio to groups receiving either NXT or placebo for 12 weeks. After a 2-week run-in period, they will receive either NXT or placebo (3 pills, 3 times daily) for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is therapeutic efficacy. Secondary outcome measures include the quantitative score of TCM syndromes, severity grading of angina pectoris, the number of angina pectoris per week, nitroglycerin dosage, score of seattle angina scale, serum homocysteine, incidence of cardiovascular events. Safety outcomes and adverse events will be monitored throughout the trial. Discussion We designed this study in accordance with principles and regulations issued by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA). The results will provide clinical evidence of the efficacy and safety of NXT Capsule in the treatment of CSA. Trial registration: ChiCTR2000034871.
Goulet, H. 2020: Nearctic Tenthredo: a monograph of the verticalis and prosopa groups (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). – In: Nova Supplementa Entomologica, Müncheberg 26: 1–178
Authors: Goulet Henri
Published: March 2021

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Study of anti-swing control of ship cranes based on time delay feedback
Authors: Liu Zhongzheng , Lin Zhihong , Wu Mingzhong
Published: March 2021

2 tons 3 meters ship crane as the research object, establish the complete mathematical model of ship crane, and design the time-delay feedback control algorithm to eliminate payload swing on the basis of the built mathematical model. First, a high-precision potentiometer is used to measure the in-plane and out-of-plane oscillation of the payload. Measuring devices for the rotary angle and variation amplitude angle are created, and the anti-swing control hardware system is built by the sensing unit and the High-Speed Data Acquisition hardware system. Secondly, the control software on the VB platform is developed using the time-delay feedback algorithm. Experimentally study the effect of time-delayed feedback controller on payload swing elimination, and use induction method to get the optimal control parameters of the time-delayed feedback control algorithm. At last, the AMEsim-ADAMS co-simulation platform was built to evaluate the payload sway of the ship crane under simulated working conditions. The results show that: the hardware and software systems for anti-swing control built-in the paper can give the real-time and the exact payload swing angles. The method of adding time-delay feedback control signal to the slewing operation signal can achieve better anti-swing effects than the others. At the same time, the delayed feedback control algorithm still has a nice control effect in the case of virtual ship deck motion.
Eficacia de la asociación oxitetraciclina - isometamidium en el control de anaplasmosis y tripanosomosis bovina
Authors: Betancourt Echeverri Jesús Antonio , López Valencia Gustavo , López Sierra Gustavo Alonso , Evanoff Elias Ascanio , Berrío Cataño William , Gómez Oquendo Jorge , Velásquez Arboleda Andrés Felipe
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia de la asociación cloruro de isometamidium + clorhidrato de oxitetraciclina (Isopan® Laboratorio Reveex de Venezuela) en el control de infecciones por Tripanosoma vivax y Anaplasma marginale en bovinos. Materiales y métodos: doce bovinos de aproximadamente un año de edad fueron asignados al azar, a dos grupos de seis animales cada uno. Un grupo fue inoculado por vía venosa con 10 mL de sangre con una parasitemia de 3,5% de Ana-plasma marginale en extendido sanguíneo coloreado; el segundo grupo se inoculó, por la misma vía, con cinco mL de sangre de una cepa de campo de Trypanosoma vivax con una parasitemia de tres flagelados por campo en un frotis sanguíneo delgado coloreado. En todas las terneras, la temperatura rectal, el hematocrito y la parasitemia fueron registrados con frecuencia diaria o inter-diaria hasta los días 49 posinoculación y 27 postratamiento en el caso de A. marginale y hasta los días 11 posinoculación y 21 postratamiento en el caso de T. vivax. Resultados: La asociación oxitetraciclina - isometamidium fue 100% eficaz contra Trypanosoma vivax desde un día después de su aplicación y por el término de 29 días experimentales. La asociación tuvo una eficacia promedio contra Anaplasma marginale de 75,59% aunque cuatro de las terneras requirieron un segundo tratamiento contra Anaplasma entre los días 10 y 27 después del tratamiento. Conclusiones: La asociación oxitetraciclina - isometamidium mostró una eficacia de 100% contra Trypanosoma vivax y de 75,59% en promedio, contra Anaplasma marginale, aunque no previno un nuevo episodio de anaplasmosis entre los días 10 y 27 después del tratamiento.
Tratamientos alternativos en tumor venéreo transmisible en caninos
Authors: Espinosa Nuñez Alba Cristina , Quiroga Sánchez Isabella Geraldine , Suárez Sánchez Frank Harry
Published: March 2021

El Tumor Venéreo Transmisible (TVT), es una neoplasia común de la especie canina, se localiza principalmente en la mucosa de los genitales; es altamente contagiosa y es la única que puede ser transmisible mediante el trasplante celular por contacto directo. Se diagnostica por estudio citológico y su tratamiento es la quimioterapia con sulfato de vincristina, fármaco de elección por tener un alto porcentaje de efectividad y baja recidiva; sin embargo, se han descrito efectos adversos como trastornos digestivos, hemáticos y nerviosos por parte de la población tratada. El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer la efectividad y comportamiento de otras alternativas para el tratamiento de TVT; primero con un protocolo de autohemoterapia y el otro mediante la inmunoterapia con ácido yatrénico mas caseína, que actúan sobre el sistema inmunológico del animal, haciendo que sea el mismo organismo quien realice la eliminación del tumor.
Sosyal Bilimlerde Betimsel İçerik Analizi
Authors: Ültay Eser , Akyurt Hakan , Ültay Neslihan
Published: March 2021

Betimsel içerik analizi yöntemi, belirli bir konuda ya da alanda birbirinden bağımsız olarak yapılan nitel ve nicel çalışmaların derinlemesine incelenip düzenlenmesi anlamına gelir. Böylece o konu ya da alandaki genel eğilimler belirlenmektedir. Bu yöntemde elde edilen sonuçların, hedeflenen konulara yönelik olarak gelecekte planlanan çalışmalara yön göstermesi beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, eğitim bilimleri alanında sıkça kullanılmakta olan betimsel içerik analizi yönteminin, diğer sosyal bilimler alanlarında da kullanılabilmesi için, analizin nasıl yapılacağına dair soruların giderilmesini sağlamaktır. Çalışmanın, sosyal bilimler alanında betimsel içerik analizini kullanmak isteyen akademisyenlere yön göstermesi, temel bir kaynak olması hedeflenmektedir. Betimsel içerik analizinde, özellikle incelenen çalışmaların amaçlarına, gerekçelerine, sonuçlarına ve önerilerine ait analizlerde nitel analiz yaklaşımlarına uygun olarak, kod havuzu oluşturup, bu kodlara uygun temalandırma/kategorilendirme yönteminin kullanılması, betimsel içerik analizi çalışmalarının nitelik açısından da zenginleşmesini sağlayacaktır. Ayrıca, yapılacak olan betimsel içerik analizi çalışmalarında, incelenen çalışmalar, standartlaşmış analiz aşamaları dışında, benzer konulardaki diğer betimsel içerik analizi çalışmalarından ayrılması adına, farklı yönlerden de analize tabi tutulması gerekmektedir.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Evrensel Fen Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri
Authors: Salcı Emel , Aydın Abdullah
Published: March 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Kastamonu il merkezindeki devlet ortaokullarında öğrenim gören altıncı, yedinci ve sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin evrensel fen okuryazarlık düzeylerini belirlemek ve bu düzeyin anne eğitim seviyesine, baba eğitim seviyesine, sınıf seviyesine ve cinsiyete göre değişip değişmediğini tespit etmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, 1674 öğrenciye Evrensel Fen Okuryazarlık Ölçeği (EFOYÖ) uygulanmıştır. Nicel araştırma deseninin kullanıldığı bu araştırma, ilişkisel tarama modelindedir. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS paket programından yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi sonucunda, öğrencilerin evrensel fen okuryazarlık düzeyinin “yüksek” olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca evrensel fen okuryazarlık puanlarına, anne ve baba eğitim seviyesinin, sınıf seviyesinin ve cinsiyetin etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin evrensel fen okuryazarlık düzeylerini artırmak için onların teknolojik tasarımları incelemeye, müzeleri ziyaret etmeye, bilim insanlarının buluşlarını hikayeleştirmeye, bilimsel dergi ve belgeselleri takip etmeye ve yaratıcılıklarını kullanarak teknolojik araç ve gereç tasarlamaya teşvik edilmeleri önerilir.
Первые результаты исследований ионного теплопереноса на сферическом токамаке Глобус-М2
Authors: Тельнова А.Ю. , Мирошников И.В. , Митранкова М.М. , Бахарев Н.Н. , Гусев В.К. , Жильцов Н.С. , Киселев Е.О. , Курскиев Г.С. , Минаев В.Б. , Петров Ю.В. , Сахаров Н.В. , Щёголев П.Б. , Тюхменева Е.А.
Published: March 2021

The paper presents the first ion temperature profile measurements results in the new spherical tokamak Globus-M2, which were obtained in discharges with neutral beam injection using the Charge eXchange Recombination Spectroscopy (CXRS) and the Neutral Particle Analyzer (NPA). Ion heat transport modeling using ASTRA code was carried out based on the obtained experimental ion temperature. The results of the modelling indicate the predominantly neoclassical ion heat transport.
Case Report of Lambert Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome in a Patient with Small Cell Lung Cancer on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
Authors:   Department of Neurology, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA, Anderson Collin J. , Guidon Amanda C. , Khan Farrah B. , Thomas Alissa A. , Riehle Carolyne , Hehir Michael K. , Kolb Noah A.
Published: March 2021

Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare autoimmune neuromuscular junction disorder involving loss of functional pre-synaptic P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Many cases occur as a paraneoplastic disorder, often in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have emerged as treatment of choice for various malignancies. While generally well tolerated, certain ICI-treated patients experience neurologic immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Here, we explore therapeutic and diagnostic conundrums from the unclear etiology (paraneoplastic vs. irAE) of a case of LEMS in a patient with SCLC treated with ICI therapy. A 62-year-old female patient with SCLC was referred to EMG laboratory with 7 weeks of progressive weakness, shortness of breath and dysphagia. Due to tumor progression, immunotherapy with pembrolizumab was initiated five months prior to presentation. On examination, she had mild non-fatigable right-sided ptosis and diplopia, normal bulbar strength, and proximal greater than distal weakness of lower greater than upper extremities. Her reflexes were 2-/4 throughout, with left biceps reflex facilitating after 30 seconds of exercise. On nerve conduction studies (NCS), there was an amplitude increase in multiple nerves including the left median nerve (160%) and left ulnar nerve (370%) after 10 seconds of exercise. Paraneoplastic panel came back with elevated LEMS-related anti-P/Q-type voltage gated calcium channel antibodies at 0.19nmol/L (normal: ≤0.02nmol/L). This case illustrates the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges that surround LEMS in SCLC patients on immunotherapy. Diagnosis hinges on clinical presentation, motor NCS, and antibody testing while determination of the etiology (paraneoplastic vs ICI related LEMS) is more complex and may affect selection of the correct treatment. Therapy for ICI-related neuromuscular irAEs depends on symptom severity, but typically should include holding immunotherapy and administration of high dose corticosteroids as first line treatment with possible addition of IVIg and plasmapheresis. This differs from the common first line treatment for paraneoplastic LEMS, highlighting the importance of understanding of the etiology. Further research is needed to better understand optimal management.
Exploring the Association Between the “Big Five” Personality Traits and Fatal Opioid Overdose: County-Level Empirical Analysis
Authors: Tacheva Zhasmina , Ivanov Anton
Published: March 2021

Background

Opioid-related deaths constitute a problem of pandemic proportions in the United States, with no clear solution in sight. Although addressing addiction—the heart of this problem—ought to remain a priority for health practitioners, examining the community-level psychological factors with a known impact on health behaviors may provide valuable insights for attenuating this health crisis by curbing risky behaviors before they evolve into addiction.

Objective

The goal of this study is twofold: to demonstrate the relationship between community-level psychological traits and fatal opioid overdose both theoretically and empirically, and to provide a blueprint for using social media data to glean these psychological factors in a real-time, reliable, and scalable manner.

Methods

We collected annual panel data from Twitter for 2891 counties in the United States between 2014-2016 and used a novel data mining technique to obtain average county-level “Big Five” psychological trait scores. We then performed interval regression, using a control function to alleviate omitted variable bias, to empirically test the relationship between county-level psychological traits and the prevalence of fatal opioid overdoses in each county.

Results

After controlling for a wide range of community-level biopsychosocial factors related to health outcomes, we found that three of the operationalizations of the five psychological traits examined at the community level in the study were significantly associated with fatal opioid overdoses: extraversion (β=.308, P<.001), neuroticism (β=.248, P<.001), and conscientiousness (β=.229, P<.001).

Conclusions

Analyzing the psychological characteristics of a community can be a valuable tool in the local, state, and national fight against the opioid pandemic. Health providers and community health organizations can benefit from this research by evaluating the psychological profile of the communities they serve and assessing the projected risk of fatal opioid overdose based on the relationships our study predict when making decisions for the allocation of overdose-reversal medication and other vital resources.
The Psychological Impact of Hypertension During COVID-19 Restrictions: Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Bonner Carissa , Cvejic Erin , Ayre Julie , Isautier Jennifer , Semsarian Christopher , Nickel Brooke , Batcup Carys , Pickles Kristen , Dodd Rachael , Cornell Samuel , Copp Tessa , McCaffery Kirsten J
Published: March 2021

Background

It is unclear how people with hypertension are responding to the COVID-19 pandemic given their increased risk, and whether targeted public health strategies are needed.

Objective

This retrospective case-control study compared people with hypertension to matched healthy controls during the COVID-19 lockdown to determine whether they have higher risk perceptions, anxiety, and vaccination intentions.

Methods

Baseline data from a national survey were collected in April 2020 during the COVID-19 lockdown in Australia. People who reported hypertension with no other chronic conditions were randomly matched to healthy controls of similar age, gender, education, and health literacy level. A subset including participants with hypertension was followed up at 2 months after restrictions were eased. Risk perceptions, anxiety, and vaccination intentions were measured in April and June.

Results

Of the 4362 baseline participants, 466 (10.7%) reported hypertension with no other chronic conditions. A subset of 1369 people were followed up at 2 months, which included 147 (10.7%) participants with hypertension. At baseline, perceived seriousness was high for both hypertension and control groups. The hypertension group reported greater anxiety compared to the controls and were more willing to vaccinate against influenza, but COVID-19 vaccination intentions were similar. At follow-up, these differences were no longer present in the longitudinal subsample. Perceived seriousness and anxiety had decreased, but vaccination intentions for both influenza and COVID-19 remained high across groups (>80%).

Conclusions

Anxiety was above normal levels during the COVID-19 lockdown. It was higher in the hypertension group, which also had higher vaccination intentions. Groups that are more vulnerable to COVID-19 may require targeted mental health screening during periods of greater risk. Despite a decrease in perceived risk and anxiety after 2 months of lockdown restrictions, vaccination intentions remained high, which is encouraging for the future prevention of COVID-19.
A Fully Automatic Deep Learning System for L3 Slice Selection and Body Composition Assessment on Abdominal Computed Tomography. (Preprint)
Authors: Ha Jiyeon , Park Taeyong , Kim Hong-Kyu , Shin Youngbin , Ko Yousun , Kim Dong Wook , Sung Yu Sub , Lee Jiwoo , Ham Su Jung , Khang Seungwoo , Jeong Heeryeol , Koo Kyoyeong , Lee Jeongjin , Kim Kyung Won
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

As sarcopenia research has been gaining emphasis, the need for quantification of abdominal muscle on computed tomography (CT) is increasing. Thus, a fully automated system to select L3 slice and segment muscle in an end-to-end manner is demanding.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to develop a deep learning model (DLM) to select the L3 slice with consideration of anatomic variations and to segment cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of abdominal muscle and fat.

METHODS

Our DLM, named L3SEG-net, was composed of a YOLOv3-based algorithm for selecting the L3 slice and a fully convolutional network (FCN)-based algorithm for segmentation. The YOLOv3-based algorithm was developed via supervised learning using a training dataset (n=922), and the FCN-based algorithm was transferred from prior work. Our L3SEG-net was validated with internal (n=496) and external validation (n=586) datasets. L3 slice selection accuracy was evaluated by the distance difference between ground truths and DLM-derived results. Technical success for L3 slice selection was defined when the distance difference was <10 mm. Overall segmentation accuracy was evaluated by CSA error. The influence of anatomic variations on DLM performance was evaluated.

RESULTS

In the internal and external validation datasets, the accuracy of automatic L3 slice selection was high, with mean distance differences of 3.7±8.4 mm and 4.1±8.3 mm, respectively, and with technical success rates of 93.1% and 92.3%, respectively. However, in the subgroup analysis of anatomic variations, the L3 slice selection accuracy decreased, with distance differences of 12.4±15.4 mm and 12.1±14.6 mm, respectively, and with technical success rates of 67.2% and 67.9%, respectively. The overall segmentation accuracy of abdominal muscle areas was excellent regardless of anatomic variation, with the CSA errors of 1.38–3.10 cm2.

CONCLUSIONS

A fully automatic system was developed for the selection of an exact axial CT slice at the L3 vertebral level and the segmentation of abdominal muscle areas.
Blockchain for Increased Trust in Virtual Health Care: Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hasselgren Anton , Hanssen Rensaa Jens-Andreas , Kralevska Katina , Gligoroski Danilo , Faxvaag Arild
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Health care systems are currently undergoing a digital transformation that has been primarily triggered by emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, 5G, blockchain, and the digital representation of patients using (mobile) sensor devices. One of the results of this transformation is the gradual virtualization of care. Irrespective of the care environment, trust between caregivers and patients is essential for achieving favorable health outcomes. Given the many breaches of information security and patient safety, today’s health information system portfolios do not suffice as infrastructure for establishing and maintaining trust in virtual care environments.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to establish a theoretical foundation for a complex health care system intervention that aims to exploit a cryptographically secured infrastructure for establishing and maintaining trust in virtualized care environments and, based on this theoretical foundation, present a proof of concept that fulfills the necessary requirements.

METHODS

This work applies the following framework for the design and evaluation of complex intervention research within health care: a review of the literature and expert consultation for technology forecasting. A proof of concept was developed by following the principles of design science and requirements engineering.

RESULTS

This study determined and defined the crucial functional and nonfunctional requirements and principles for enhancing trust between caregivers and patients within a virtualized health care environment. The cornerstone of our architecture is an approach that uses blockchain technology. The proposed decentralized system offers an innovative governance structure for a novel trust model. The presented theoretical design principles are supported by a concrete implementation of an Ethereum-based platform called VerifyMed.

CONCLUSIONS

A service for enhancing trust in a virtualized health care environment that is built on a public blockchain has a high fit for purpose in Healthcare 4.0.