Abstract 2212: Global cancers attributable to modifiable risk factors: Dietary factors of animal origin
Authors: Seyyedsalehi Monireh Sadat , Giovannucci Edward , Boffetta Paolo 
Published: March 2024

Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Modifiable risk factors including diet have been linked to a wide range of malignancies. We estimated the global cancer population-attributable fraction (PAF) to established and suspected dietary cancer risk factors according to the Human Development Index (HDI).Diet-cancer associations were selected from WCRF, GBD and IARC report. Dietary factors of animal origin include red meat, processed meat, fish and dairy products; cancers include nasopharynx, esophageal, stomach, colorectal, pancreatic, lung, prostate, breast cancer. Gender-specific PAF were calculated based on 1) the total and gender-specific 2022 country-specific population from World Bank; 2) the country-specific average daily dietary factors intake (g/day) for 2000-2005 from the Global Dietary Database; 3) relative risks from the meta-analyses and WCRF reports; 4) country-specific 2020 cancer incidence from WHO. Estimates were also stratified by Human Development Index (HDI).Table 1 provides the results. The PAF for red meat and processed meat was higher in high HDI countries, while that for low dairy product intake was higher in low HDI countries. According to results, changes in selected dietary factors can prevent cancer-related incidence, particularly depending on where development status of countries and access to the source of their intake. Table1: Population attributable fractions for incidence of cancer in 2020 by gender.

Dietary factors and Related Cancers Relative risk (g/day) AF (N. global) – Both gender AF (N. global)- Female AF (N. global)- Male Red meat Nasopharynx(L) 1.35(100) 0.103(13750.2) 0.102(3734.9) 0.104(10015.3) Colorectal (S) 1.12(100) 0.040(78714.5) 0.040(33981.2) 0.041(44733.2) Pancreatic (L) 1.11(100) 0.037(27420.3) 0.036(8479.8) 0.037(18940.4) Lung (L) 1.22(100) 0.070(155986.9) 0.069(52442.6) 0.070(103544.4) Prostate(L) 1.04(100) 0.014(20665.6) - 0.014(20665.6) Effect on total cancers * 0.016(296537.5) 0.011(98638.5) 0.021 (197898.9) Processed meat Nasopharynx(L) 1.46(30) 0.164(22194.6) 0.154(5637.4) 0.173(16557.1) Esophagus(L) 1.3(100) 0.036(22654.9) 0.034(6345.8) 0.038(16309.2) Stomach(L) 1.21(50) 0.052(60325.8) 0.049(18161.7) 0.055(42164) Colorectal (S) 1.18(100) 0.023(45460.9) 0.021(18522.8) 0.024(26938.1) Pancreatic(L) 1.17(50) 0.043(21900.2) 0.040(9414.4) 0.046(12485.8) Lung (L) 1.14(50) 0.036(82762.9) 0.034(26023.9) 0.038(56739) Effect on total cancers * 0.014(255299.3) 0.010(84106) 0.018(171193.2) Dairy products Colorectal(S) 0.87(400) 0.092(180063.4) 0.091(77598.8) 0.093(102464.6) Breast (L) 0.95(200) 0.068(151960.9) 0.068(151960.9) - Prostate (L) 1.07(400) 0.016(24224.3) - 0.016(24224.3) Effect on total cancers * 0.019(356248.6) 0.026(229559.7) 0.013(126688.9) Fish Colorectal (L) 0.89(100) 0.022(44882.9) 0.022(18705.9) 0.024(26177) Effect on total cancers * 0.002(44882.9) 0.002(18705.9 0.003(26177) Mean (g/day) of global intake Processed meat (B=14.2/M=15.1/F=13.3), red meat (B=36.5/M=36.9/F=36), fish(B=23/M=22.1/F=23.8), dairy products(B=77/M=74.9/F=79)S=strong evidenceL=limited evidence*All cancers excl. non-melanoma skin cancer (B= 18094716/F=8751759/M=9342957) 1

Citation Format: Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi, Edward Giovannucci, Paolo Boffetta. Global cancers attributable to modifiable risk factors: Dietary factors of animal origin [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2212.