bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New mutations in genes associated with cefiderocol resistance in a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Bocharova Yu.A. , Savinova T.A. , Mayansky N.A. , Chebotar Igor V.
Published: March 2024

Objective.
To assess the effects of chromosomal mutations on emergence of cefiderocol resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.

Materials and Methods.
Study design purported to compare the characteristics of phenotypic antibiotic resistance and chromosomal mutations of P. aeruginosa strains of a common origin possessing different resistance levels to cefiderocol. Two P. aeruginosa isolates from the sputum of a patient with cystic fibrosis who had not previously received cefiderocol were analyzed. Species identification was performed using an MALDI-TOF MS instrument and whole genome sequencing (WGS) data obtained from the MGISEQ-2000 platform. Antibiotic resistance was estimated based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing. Plasmid-borne resistance genes and mutations in chromosomal genes associated with cefiderocol resistance were revealed based on WGS data.

Results.
Both P. aeruginosa isolates had the same antibiotic MIC values excluding meropenem and cefiderocol MIC values. Cefiderocol MICs were significantly different between the two strains corresponding to the resistant clinical category for one isolate and to the susceptible category for another one. Both strains belonged to 2554 sequence type. Eight potentially significant mutations in iron-uptake genes and genes associated with beta-lactam resistance were detected in the genome of the cefiderocol-resistant isolate, which were absent in the cefiderocol-susceptible strain. Cefiderocol resistant isolate harbored frameshift mutations in pirA, pirR and piv and nonsynonymous mutations in pfeA, cirA, iutA, pbpА and pchD.

Conclusions.
Cefiderocol resistance can emerge among P. aeruginosa isolates which were not exposed to cefiderocol as the phenomenon of cross-resistance. Resistance to cefiderocol can be conferred not by a single mutation, but by a combination of chromosomal gene alterations.
Significance of herpesvirus infections in the etiology of bronchopulmonary complications in patients undergoing heart transplantation
Authors: Karazhas N.V. , Pulnova N.L. , Rybalkina T.N. , Boshyan R.E. , Kornienko M.N. , Avetisyan L.R. , Chereshneva E.V. , Ivanova M.Yu. , Kabikova O.F. , Gabrielyan N.I.
Published: March 2024

Objective.
To study significance of herpesviruses in the development of infectious complications in patients after heart transplantation based on the detection of markers of herpesvirus infections.

Materials and Methods.
The paper presents the results of a comprehensive examination for markers (HVI) of patients who underwent orthotopic heart transplantation at the V.I. Shumakov National Medical Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs (Moscow). A total of 86 patients were observed. To establish the etiological diagnosis of infectious complications, all the blood serum and blood cell samples were analyzed for markers of herpesvirus infections. The titers of IgM and IgG antibodies to herpesviruses (HSV1, HSV-2, EBV, CMV and HCV-6) in blood serum were determined using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect herpesviruses and their antigens in peripheral blood leukocytes. Early CMV and HCV-6 antigens as well as reproduction of HSV and EBV were detected by a rapid cultural method.

Results.
There was a wide prevalence of herpesviruses in the studied groups. It was shown that in all groups of patients with reduced immunity, herpesviruses always manifested themselves as mixed infections.

Conclusions.
The study gives grounds to carry out laboratory diagnostics for all patients in order to differentiate the types of herpes viruses and the degree of their activity in order to identify activation and relief of infectious processes caused by herpes viral infections.

ENG Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
The role of personalized medicine in evaluating the effectiveness of leprosy treatment
Authors: Saroyants L.V. , Arnaudova K.Sh. , Bashkina O.A. , Naumov V.Z.
Published: March 2024

Objective.
To develop the method for determining the viability of M. leprae using polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.

Materials and Methods.
54 scarifications and 10 biopsies of the skin of patients with leprosy were studied. Ribosomal 16S rRNA genes were used as a target.

Results.
The high sensitivity and specificity of the developed real-time reverse transcription PCR method was established. M. leprae were detected on average 2 times more often by RT-PCR compared with the bacterioscopy method both before treatment and after its six-month course (p < 0.05).

Conclusions.
The developed method for determining the viability of M.leprae using reverse transcription PCR allows using a personalized approach to evaluating the effectiveness of antimycobacterial treatment in patients with leprosy.
PERCEPÇÃO DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM SOBRE O ESTRESSE NA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Santos e Silva Ana Paula , Ferreira Tannús Sérgio , Martins Gonçalves Albertina , Rafael de Carvalho dos Santos  , Rodrigues de Jesus Maristela , Sales de Medeiros Fransueide , Fernanda de Freitas Ferreira  , Cássia Maria da Silva Bento
Published: March 2024

O objeto de estudo desta pesquisa é a percepção da equipe de enfermagem sobre os fatores estressores na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva – UTI. O objetivo primário desta pesquisaconhecer na percepção da equipe de Enfermagem a presença dos fatores estressores no ambiente da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva da UTI-A.. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, com a realização de uma entrevista com roteiro, sendo 6 (seis) questões para 16 (dezesseis) profissionais da equipe de enfermagem da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva adulto do Hospital de Clínica Gaspar Viana, em Belém/PA. A abordagem teórica possibilitou a compreensão acercado estresse ocupacional, sobre o trabalho da equipe de Enfermagem em UTI, bem como sinalizou os possíveis fatores estressores no referido setor hospitalar. Os resultados desta pesquisa apontam que a Unidade de Terapia Intensiva é um ambiente com inúmeros estressores, tais como ruídos, falta de materiais, desconhecimento do uso de tecnologias, procedimentosrápidos, local de trabalho insalubre, atendimento de pacientes graves e assistência às suas famílias, número reduzido de funcionários, sobrecarga de trabalho, longas jornadas de trabalho sem intervalo de qualidade para alimentação e repouso.
Spread of dangerous walnut diseases in plantations of different ages in the Western Forest Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Skoreiko A. , Andriychuk T.
Published: March 2024

Goal. To investigate the development of the phytopathogenic complex of walnut in the Western Forest Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. The research was carried out during 2021—2022 in the agrocenosis of the walnut garden of the Ukrainian Research Plant Quarantine Station of the Institute of Plant Protection of the National Academy of Sciences. For a detailed account of the disease, twenty trees were examined from four sides of the crown and 25 accounting organs (leaves, shoots, fruits) were analyzed and the intensity of their damage was determined according to the scale. Diagnosis of diseases was carried out by selecting affected tissues and placing them in a moist chamber for three days for subsequent identification of the type of pathogen by microscopy and determination of systematically important morphological features of the fungus. Isolation of fungi from living plants was carried out by transferring mycelia or spores from their surface to a new environment.
Results. A laboratory study of plant material with various symptoms of damage showed the dominance of phytopathogenic fungi: brown spotting Marssonina juglandis (Lieh.) Magn., white spotting Microstroma juglandis Sacc. and bacteriosis Xanthomonas juglandis Sacc. When surveying old tree plantations (more than 40 years old), the frequency of brown spotting of walnut Marssonina juglandis (Lieh.) Magn. accounted for 68.7%, bacterial burn (Xanthomonas juglandis Sacc.) — 31.3%. In stands of 6-year-old trees, the frequency of brown spotting Marssonina juglandis (Lieh.) Magn. was 72.5% and bacterial burn Xanthomonas juglandis Sacc. — 27.5%. When inspecting the plantations in the nursery (trees 2—3 years old), the frequency of brown spotting of the walnut Marssonina juglandis (Lieh.) Magn. accounted for 80.3% of bacterial burn Xanthomonas juglandis Sacc. — 12.1%, white spot Microstroma juglandis Sacc. — 7.6%.
Conclusions. During the examination of walnut plantations (in trees of different ages), it was found that the high incidence of diseases, in particular, brown spotting Marssonina juglandis (Lieh.) Magn. was noted in nurseries, where on the day of the last record on susceptible forms of culture, damage by brown spot was 100.0%, while the development of the disease was 47.7%.
Features of analytical control of glyphosate salts in preparative formulations
Authors: Chervyakova L. , Panchenko T. , Tsurkan O.
Published: March 2024

Goal. Development of a method of analytical control of glyphosate in preparative forms of herbicides.
Methods. Determination of glyphosate was carried out by the chromatographic method of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) using Sorbfil plates with a thin layer of silica gel KSK adsorbent. The active substance was identified by the value of Rf, quantitative determination was based on the formalized dependence of the size of the area of the chromatographic zones on the amount of glyphosate.
Results. Physicochemical properties of herbicides — electrolytes, to which glyphosate belongs, create special problems when developing methods for its determination in various matrices. In herbicides and desiccants, glyphosate (as a salt) usually takes the form of a deprotonated acid residue and a corresponding cation. Therefore, the determination of the active substance is carried out by the acid residue, which is important for the quantitative assessment of its content in the matrix both in the acid equivalent and in the form of the corresponding salt. The density of the preparative form serves, in particular, as a criterion for controlling the form of the glyphosate salt. The method is based on dissolution of the preparation form in 44% ethanol and quantitative determination by TLC method. The determination of the active substance is not hindered by other components of the preparations, derivatives of glycine and amines.The optimal conditions of analysis were chosen using the conceptual designs of the laboratory «Algorithm of chemical-analytical monitoring of pesticides» and «System of multi-quantitative determination of pesticides in matrices», according to which the main stages of the process are extraction/dissolution, purification of extracts, elution (chromatographic process), identification and quantitative analysis . Selective conditions for TLC determination — mobile phase with pH 9: distilled water + ethanol + aqueous ammonia (22 + 20 + 0.25 by volume), developing reagent: a specific complex of ninhydrin with cadmium acetate in an acidic medium. Quantitative determination is carried out taking into account the coefficients of conversion of the corresponding salt form to the acid equivalent.
Conclusions. The use of the chromatographic method of thin-layer chromatography makes it possible to control the content of the active substance glyphosate in various salt formulations in preparative forms of herbicides and desiccants with high accuracy and reproducibility.
Trichoderma fungi for the protection of greenhouse crops against oomycete Pythium sp.
Authors: Scerbacova T.
Published: March 2024

Goal. To identify a highly virulent fungus Trichoderma Pers. ex Fr. to protect greenhouse crops from the pathogen Pythium sp.
Methods. The objects of research were strains/isolates of Trichoderma sp. from the working collection of the laboratory. The pathogen Pythium sp. was isolated from mineral wool used in a hydroponic greenhouse. The pathogenicity of Pythium sp. was determined by infecting cucumber seedlings in a humid chamber at 24°C. To select active strains of Trichoderma against Pythium sp., their antagonistic activity was studied by the method of double cultures. On day 10, the inhibition rate of fungi by each other (%) was determined.
Results. When determining the pathogenicity of the isolate Pythium sp. against cucumber seedlings on day 4, 100% death of all sprouts occurred. When studying the antagonism of Trichoderma and Pythium sp. fungi, a high growth rate of oomycete was observed in the control. In 50 h after sowing, the pathogen colonized the entire agar plate. However, in double cultures, Trichoderma fungi inhibited the growth of oomycete. On day 10, 4 strains: T. lignorum (syn. T. viride) CNMN-FD-14, T. asperellum, T. koningii and Trichoderma sp. 1K colonized the pathogen with an inhibition rate of 100%. Other Trichoderma fungi inhibited the pathogen by 83.5—94.1%.
Conclusions. Trichoderma strains with high inhibitory activity can be used as a producer of a biological product for the protection of greenhouse crops from Pythium sp. oomycete.
77 years of uninterrupted agricultural research in Suceava
Authors: Enea I.C. , Negrușeri N. , Bodea D.
Published: March 2024

In 1946, by decision no. 1933 of the Ministry of Agriculture, the first agricultural research unit in the northern part of Moldova (the Suceava Experimental Agricultural Station, currently the Suceava Agricultural Research and Development Station) was established, as a necessity for the development of agriculture in Bucovina. After three years of operation in the submontane area from Ilisesti (19 km from Suceava), by decision no. 564249 of August 24 of the same ministry, the resort was transferred to Suceava. The area where the cantonment is located is individualized by specific pedoclimatic conditions, characterized by thermal restrictions, the non-uniformity of the hydrological regime — from insufficient to excessive — and by a great diversity of soil types, from soils with low fertility to those with good fertility. The consequence of this ecological diversity was, from the beginning, the need to diversify the concern related to research activity in response to solving the main problems of agriculture in the Suceava Plateau. If in the year of establishment (1946) the concerns were directed towards the cultivation of potatoes, meadows and fodder plants, over time it can be seen by following the evolution of concerns and the way of achieving the basic objectives of agricultural research, in Suceava, a continuous expansion of the problem areas addressed as well as the amplification of their complexity.
TERRITÓRIO E MEMÓRIA COLETIVA NA AMAZÔNIA PARAENSE: BREVES CONSIDERAÇÕES
Authors: Bengio Fernanda Cristine dos Santos , Aquime Rafaele Habib Souza , Farias Fernando Jorge Dos Santos
Published: March 2024

Neste texto apresentamos parte de pesquisa em andamento acerca da memória coletiva e processos migratórios. Objetivando compreender como a literatura tem tratado os mecanismos de construção e obliteração da memória coletiva face às circunstâncias de territorialização produzidas em espaços singulares, sobretudo na Amazônia paraense, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica do tipo narrativa. A compreensão do território como espaço dotado de determinadas características materiais e imateriais, permite indagá-lo como campo fértil de inteligibilidade na formação das relações intersubjetiva e intrassubjetivas. Além disso, o estudo da memória coletiva auxilia na compreensão das continuidades e descontinuidades das narrativas históricas dos sujeitos que habitam os espaços. A problematização dos territórios existenciais na relação de sujeição que impõe a determinados sujeitos a invisibilização dos seus modos de vida possibilita a construção de agenciamentos inventivos que promovam visibilização dos saberes locais, aspecto pertinente para intervenções no território sob o viés dialógico e transversal.
APROXIMAÇÕES INICIAIS ENTRE O LAZER NOTURNO NO BRASIL, ESPANHA E ARGENTINA: UMA ANÁLISE COMPARADA DO ESQUENTA, BOTELLÓN E LA PREVIA
Authors: Kuster Saulo
Published: March 2024

Esse texto busca comparar as dinâmicas e os sentidos que os jovens atribuem ao fenômeno Esquenta, no Brasil, Botellón, na Espanha e La previa, na Argentina, situando-os como manifestações atuais de lazer noturno majoritariamente vivenciada por jovens. Trata-se de estudo teórico, de caráter bibliográfico e comparativo. A partir da análise das produções científicas que se debruçaram sobre o Esquenta, Botellón e La Previa, observarmos uma coincidência no que diz respeito aos sentidos que esses três fenômenos despertam em seus participantes, uma vez que vinculam-se a diversão, consumo de bebidas alcoólicas mais baratas e autonomia na forma de divertir-se. Em termos de dinâmicas, esses três fenômenos resguardam similaridades e divergências. Podemos observar que o tipo de bebida consumida em cada um dos fenômenos estudados são diferentes, mas o motivo que faz os jovens buscarem esse tipo de lazer noturno é convergente. Existe similaridade entre os locais escolhidos para realização do Esquenta e Botellón, que ocorrem principalmente em praças e ruas. Os adeptos da La Previa também divertem-se nas praças e ruas, no entanto, esta prática dá-se comumente no interior das habitações, em função da legislação nacional vigente. Dados presentes na literatura acadêmica sobre o Esquenta, Botellón e La previa nos permitem dizer que ocorre uma convergência de sentidos relacionados a esses fenômenos e mostram, também, como suas dinâmicas resguardam particularidades vinculadas a cultura local, as condições concretas das juventudes e o aparato político nacional.
GLOBALIZAÇÃO E ESPORTE DE AVENTURA DO CONTEXTO DO LAZER NA ESCOLA: O QUE DIZ O CHATGPT?
Authors: Dias Viviane Kawano , Teodoro Ana Paula Evaristo Guizarde , Schwartz Gisele Maria
Published: March 2024

Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa, teve por objetivo investigar o conteúdo expresso no Chat GPT sobre esportes de aventura na escola. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio de pesquisa exploratória, feita com a inserção das palavras de busca “definição de esportes de aventura”, para compreender o conceito e “esportes de aventura na escola”, explorando essa associação. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo e indicam uma versão simplificada e minimizada do conceito, em que as atividades foram associadas apenas ao ambiente ao ar livre, em detrimento de outros ambientes de prática, como o indoor e o virtual. Houve ênfase sobre a vivência de desafios e possíveis riscos físicos e mentais. Foram citados exemplos de atividades de terra, água, ar e gelo e mencionada a importância de treinamento adequado para a prática segura. Sobre a inclusão dos esportes de aventura na escola, houve a menção aos benefícios nos níveis físico, cognitivo e social, além das possibilidades de ampliar as habilidades emocionais, de comunicação, trabalho em equipe, liderança e superação de limites. As informações guardam certa coerência com os estudos da área, porém denotam-se a limitação e a superficialidade dessas informações, ainda que a globalização possa favorecer mais amplitude de informações.
APRESENTAÇÃO: DOSSIÊ TEMÁTICO LAZER REGIONAL E GLOBALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Loro Alexandre Paulo , Fraga Gerson Wasen , Dias Cléber , Pimentel Giuliano Gomes de Assis
Published: March 2024

Apresentação Dossiê Lazer Regional e Globalização
Effect of calcium and magnesium nutrition on vegetative growth and tuber yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum)
Authors: Singh Navdeep , Sharma Rishu , Kumar Deepak , Verma Jyoti
Published: March 2024

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate on the growth and tuber yield in potato (Solanum tuberosum L). Experiment was carried out in split-plot design comprising of nine calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate treatments i.e.T1- Ca(NO3)2 @ 0.5%, T2- Ca(NO3)2 @ 1%, T3- Ca(NO3)2 @ 2%, T4- MgSO4 @ 0.5%, T5- MgSO4 @ 1%, T6- MgSO4 @ 2%, T7- Ca(NO3)2 @ 1% + MgSO4 @ 1%, T8- Ca(NO3)2 @ 2% + MgSO4 @ 2%, T9- Control on two potato varieties i.e. Kufri Jyoti and Kufri Chandramukhi. Data collected on different parameters were analyzed using CPCS1 software. Among all the calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate treatments, application of Ca(NO3)2 @ 2% + MgSO4 @ 2% was found to be the best for most of the parameters studied and between the varieties Kufri Jyoti was found highly significant for the different parameters under study. Hence it can be concluded that commercial cultivation of potato in the central region of Punjab can be successfully supplemented with application of Ca (NO3)2 + MgSO4 and variety Kufri Jyoti.
In-vitro evaluation of fungicides against Alternaria burnsii (Uppal, Patel and Kamat) causing blight of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)
Authors: Varma Sunaina , Kumhar Data Ram
Published: March 2024

The present investigation aimed to determine the per cent growth inhibition of different fungicides against Alternaria burnsii, the causal agent of cumin blight. The study was conducted during 2020-21 at the Experiential Unit of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, SKRAU, Bikaner. Using the poisoned food technique, eleven fungicides were tested at varying concentrations (100, 200, 300, and 500 ppm). After seven days of incubation, the radial growth and per cent growth inhibition of A. burnsii were measured. The results revealed that increasing the fungicide concentration led to greater inhibition of mycelium growth. Among the tested fungicides, Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 20% WG exhibited the highest mean inhibition (76.94%), followed by Tebuconazole 2DS (65.09%) and Pyraclostrobin 13.30% + Epoxiconazole 5% SE (58.75%). Notably, Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 20% WG at concentrations of 300 ppm and 500 ppm, as well as Tebuconazole 2DS at 500 ppm, demonstrated the highest effectiveness with cent per cent growth inhibition. On the other hand, Chlorothalonil showed the least mean growth inhibition (22.96%). The results demonstrated that as the fungicide concentration increased, there was a corresponding increase in the inhibition of A. burnsii growth. These findings highlight the potential effectiveness of selected fungicides, particularly Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 20% WG and Tebuconazole 2DS for managing cumin blight caused by A. burnsii.
Comparative analysis of phytoplankton dynamics and water quality assessment in selected lentic water bodies of Haryana, India
Authors: Devi Pooja , Bhatnagar Anita
Published: March 2024

The study was designed to assess the water quality based on physico-chemical parameters and phytoplankton communities of eight lentic water bodies of Haryana which are famous for mass bathing and religious rituals taking place here. To evaluate comparative analysis of composition, diversity and distribution of Phytoplankton and physico-chemical factors, water samples were collected seasonally viz., summer, monsoon, post monsoon and in winters from all the eight sites in triplicate. Total 118 phytoplankton taxa were observed at all sites. Among these cyanophyceae group was found most dominant at sites 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 whereas cholorophyceae at site 6, bacillariophyceae at site 1,3,4,7 whereas xanthophyceae was in abundance at site 5. Population density (nos. L-1) wise phytoplankton trend was Cyanophyceae > Chlorophyceae > Bacillariophyceae >Desmidiaceae and Species diversity wise phytoplankton trend observed was Chlorophyceae > Bacillariophyceae > Cyanophyceae >Desmidiaceae. Correlation of different phytoplankton groups with physicochemical factors revealed a significant negative correlation of Cyanophyceae with pH, whereas a significant positive correlation of ortho-phosphate with Desmids and bacillariophyceae wheareas CO2 showed a positive correlation with Xanthophyceae.  Appearance of pollution tolerant taxa of phytoplankton Microcystis aeruginosa, Phormidium sp., Scenedesmus spp., Pediastrum spp., Mougeotia sp., Synedra sp., Pediastrum spp. at most of the sites indicated the sign of the more organic pollution and degradation in the water quality of the selected sites due to religious immersion, mass bathing and by other anthropogenic activities. Suitable remedial actions should be adopted by regulatory bodies and policy makers to maintain the water quality of these aquatic systems.
Estimating crop water requirement in Madhya Pradesh's agro-climatic regions: A CROPWAT and CLIMWAT software case study
Authors: Gaddikeri Venkatesh , Rajput Jitendra , Dimple  , Singh Jatav Malkhan , Kumari Arti , Rana Lalita , Rai Ashish , Gangwar Anshu
Published: March 2024

Estimating actual crop evapotranspiration is vital in water-scarce environment affected by climate change, particularly for optimizing irrigation and enhancing crop yield. This research focuses on assessing crop water and irrigation requirement for major crops across six districts of Madhya Pradesh, India, spanning diverse agro-climatic regions. Employing CLIMWAT 2.0 and CROPWAT 8.0 software, calculated crop evapotranspiration and devised irrigation strategies tailored to local climatic conditions. The FAO-Penman-Montieth (FAO-PM) equation for reference evapotranspiration (ET0), aiding in crop water requirement computation and irrigation planning. Our findings reveal substantial variations in crop water requirements across crops and districts. For instance, soybean in Indore requires the highest water input at 380 mm, while in Guna, was least at 303 mm. Wheat, on the other hand, register the highest water needs in Khandwa at 510.6 mm and the lowest in the Neemuch district at 370.8 mm, particularly during the rabi season. Besides that, this study underscores the need for district-specific considerations, taking into account climate and soil characteristics when formulating water management strategies. Employing efficient irrigation practices and techniques to manage water stress becomes imperative for optimizing crop yield and achieving economic returns. Implementing customized approaches to enhance water use efficiency and promote sustainability in agricultural production is crucial. These research outcomes provide valuable insights for policymakers, agricultural practitioners, and water resource managers to develop context-specific water management strategies.
Studies on major insect pests of cotton and farmer perceptions in the Ghugus area of District Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Prajapati Sushma Kameshwar , Kulkarni Rajlaxmi Ranrag
Published: March 2024

A crucial crop in the world, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), is frequently harmed by pests and illnesses. Chemical pesticides are frequently effective, but repeated use of these chemicals often results in pests developing greater insecticide resistance, fewer natural enemies, less natural control, and a deteriorated ecosystem. It has been widely used to implement the integrated pest management (IPM) strategy, which heavily emphasizes biological control. The present piece of work was carried out from January 2022 to December 2022 at different sites in the vicinity of the Ghugus area in Chandrapur district.  In all, 10 species of insect pests of cotton from 9 families and 3 orders were recorded. The knowledge, perceptions and practices of farmers growing cotton under different pest management regimes were analyzed. The methods used were open and semistructured interviews using questionnaire with groups and individuals. In general, farmers had a poor understanding of the key concepts underlying alternative pest control systems. Pest damage was considered important and farmers were eager to share their knowledge, perceptions and practices in pest management. This study provides the foundation for the creation of a learning platform for future.
EFEK MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TAI (TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DAN AKTIVITAS SISWA
Authors: Siregar Nur Intan , Nasution Febriani Hastini , Siagian Mutiara
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya efek model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TAI (Team Assisted Individualization)terhadap hasil belajar dan aktivitas siswapada materi fluida statis di SMA Negeri 1 Angkola Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, dimana populasinya terdiri dari seluruh kelas X MIA  SMA Negeri 1 Angkola Selatan yang terdiri dari 2 kelas yang berjumlah 66 siswa.  Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan total sampling, dimana kelas X MIA 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X MIA 1 sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes dan observasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh:(1) Nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada ranah kognitif sebesar 83,13 berada padakategori “Baik”, pada ranah afektif adalah  74 berada pada kategori “Baik”, dan pada ranah psikomotorik adalah  72 berada pada kategori “Baik”; (2) Nilai rata-rata aktivitas siswa adalah 80 berada pada kategori “Baik”; (3) Dengan menggunakan analisis uji statik menggunakan uji-t, maka diperoleh nilai  sig (2-tailed) adalah 0,00 <0,005, nilai thitung>ttabel yaitu 7,938>1,669 maka hipotesis H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima dengan arti terdapat efek yang signifikan penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TAI terhadap hasil belajar dan aktivitas siswa materi fluida statis di kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Angkola Selatan.

 

Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TAI (Team Assisted Individualization), Hasil Belajar, Aktivitas Siswa
EFEKTIFITAS MODEL INKUIRI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA MATERI SUHU DAN KALOR DI MAN
Authors: Adil Mhd , Asmaidah Seri , Rozi Nasution Sari Wahyuni
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

                Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan  model pembelajaran Inkuiri terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa materi suhu dan kalor  di Kelas XI. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain two group pretest-posttest. Populasi dalam penelitian ini  adalah siswa kelas XI yang terdiri dari 2 kelas dengan jumlah 60 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik simple random sampling, sehingga sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas XI MIA3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI MIA2 sebagai kelas kontrol yang berjumlah 60 siswa. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh: (1) Kemampuan berpikir kritis materi suhu dan kalor kelas XI  sebelum penerapan Model Inkuiri diperoleh nilai rata-rata 44,92 yang berada pada kategori “Cukup”;(2) Kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa materi suhu dan kalor kelas XI  sesudah menerapkan Model Inkuiri diperoleh nilai rata-rata 80,76 yang berada pada kategori  “Baik”. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh bahwa nilai n-gain = 0,7 dengan kategpri tinggi . Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa “Terdapat efektifitas  antara model Inkuiri terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa materi suhu dan kalor di kelas XI MAN Sipiro tahun peajaran 2018/2019.

 

Kata-kata kunci: Model Inkuiri, Kemampuan berpikir kritis.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN SIRUP HOMEMADE BERSAMA IBU -IBU KELOMPOK BCC
Authors: Zuliani Unita Sukma
Published: March 2024

Kegiatan ini merupakan program pengabdian masyarakat yaang dilakukan oleh kelompok ibu-ibu sebagai sarana silaturahmi dan saling berbagi ilmu. Sebagai kelompok ibu-ibu tentunya kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan rumah tangga untuk mempermudah segala urusan rumah tangga dan tentunya menghasilkan produk yang aman dan nyaman bagi keluarga. Kebiasaan keluarga tentu berbeda dengan yang lain. Namun tentu setiap keluarga minum. Minuman yang tersedia di luaran pasti sudah memiliki kadar gizi dan kondisi yang baik. Tapi, sebagai ibu rumah tangga tentunya ibu-ibu kelompok BCC ingin menyiapkan yang terbaik untuk keluarganya. Maka dari itu dibuatlah minuman handmade yang bernilai gizi tinggi memiliki rasa yang enak dan aman bagi kesehatan.

Sirup adalah cairan berkadar gula tinggi. Sirup yang disiapkan dimasyarakat dalam kemasan tentu sudah memiliki nilai yang tepat. Sirup memiliki banyak varian rasa. Mulai dari buah, sayur, dan lain-lain. Salah satunya sirup rasa jeruk. Untuk rasa Sirup jeruk dapat disimpan lama tanpa penambahan bahan pengawet dan tanpa proses sterilisasi dalam pengemasnnya karena tingginya kadar gula (67,5%) dan rendahnya pH (di bawah 4,0). Pembuatan sirup jeruk cukup mudah, dan dapat dikerjakan dengan alat-alat sederhana.
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN BERMAIN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR CHEST PASS BOLA BASKET SISWA SMK NEGERI 1 SIPIROK
Authors: Siregar Rahmat Nauli
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Chest Pass Bola Basket siswa melalui penerapan pendekatan bermain di Kelas X  SMK Negeri 1 Sipirok Tahun Pelajaran 2019-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan sistem siklus yang terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X  SMK Negeri 1 Sipirok sebanyak 36 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi, dan angket Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan bermain dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Chest Pass Bola Basket siswa  kelas X  SMK Negeri 1 Sipirok Tahun Pelajaran 2019-2020. Hal ini didukung dengan Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hasil pada siklus I sebesar 33,3% diperoleh 12 siswa dengan kategori berhasil atau mempunyai nilai di atas KKM. Sedangkan siswa lainnya memperoleh 66,6% atau 24 siswa masih mempunyai nilai di bawah KKM. Siklus II sebesar 96,6% dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 26 orang yang berkategori berhasil atau mempunyai nilai di atas KKM, sedangkan sisanya 19,4% dengan nilai di bawah 7 siswa KKM atau tidak dapat mencapai KKM.
PENERAPAN MODEL TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDULIZATION (TAI) UNTUK MENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA DI SMP NEGERI 2 PANYABUNGAN
Authors: Nasution Nur Azisah
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa  pada materi Teorema Pythagoras dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Team Assisted Individuazation (TAI) di SMP Negeri 2 Panyabungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan sistem siklus yang terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya peningkatan presentase dari penilaian hasil belajar, sikap dan aktivitas       peserta didik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menerapkan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan 25 siswa sebagai subjek. Instrumen penelitian adalah tes, angket, dan observasi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus. Siklus pertama menunjukkan (a) tes menunjukkan prestasi siswa pada materi Teorema Pythagoras adalah 75,9, (b) lembar observasi menunjukkan rata-rata aktivitas siswa adalah 58,13, dan (c) pengamatan guru kelas menunjukkan kemampuan peneliti dalam menggunakan model Team Assisted Individuazation adalah 100. Selanjutnya, siklus kedua menunjukkan (a) tes menunjukkan prestasi siswa pada materi Teorema Pythagoras adalah 84,60, (b) lembar observasi menunjukkan rata-rata kegiatan siswa adalah 80,27, dan (c) pengamatan guru kelas menunjukkan kemampuan peneliti dalam menggunakan model Team Assisted Individuazation adalah 100. Disimpulkan bahwa model Team Assisted Individuazation mampu meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa melalui penggunaan model Team Assisted Individuazation pada materi teorema Pythagoras di kelas VIII siswa SMP Negeri 2 Panyabungan
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN METODE DEMONSTRASI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA SISWAPADA MATERI POKOK GELOMBANG BUNYI KELAS XII DI SMA NEGERI BATANG ONANG
Authors: Siregar Dedes Asriani
Published: March 2024

This study aims to find out wether there is influence of demonstration methodto students’ achievement in sound wave of the XII students’ of SMA Negeri 1.Batang Onang this research was done by using descriptive and inferential analysis.The population is all of XII students of SMA Negeri 1. Batang Onang. Consist of 2 classes, it is70 student. Sampling technique by using random sampling, it is 32 students.The mean test for demonstration method is 3.1, it is good category. The mean of to students’achievement in sound wave of the XII students of SMA Negeri 1. Batang Onang is76, it is good category.Based on the calculation in inferential analysis, it is found that t count is 4.946 and if it is compared to t table in 95% significant, it is found 1.70. After comparing t cound and t table, it is got that t count is greater than t table (4.946>1.70)The hypothesis is accepted. Means that there is significant influence of demonstration method to students’ achievement in sound wave of the XII students of SMA Negeri 1 Batang Onang
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA KELAS VIII-2 MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL DI SMP NEGERI 5 PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Siregar Ulinar Masdalipa
Published: March 2024

Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) ini dilaksanakan di kelas VIII- 2 Semester 2 (genap) di SMP Negeri 5 Padangsidimpuan pada tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Siswa yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 orang, yang terdiri atas 17 siswa laki-laki dan 13 siswa perempuan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), yang memberlakukan praktik mengajar dengan materi Tekanan, dengan implementasi model pembelajaran Kontekstual yang berlangsung selama 12 kali pertemuan. Hasil penelitian kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif berdasarkan teori-teori pembelajaran yang relevan, dengan kesimpulan sebagai berikut. Implementasi model pembelajaran kontekstual mampu meningkatkan kemampuan hasil belajar siswa untuk mata pelajaran IPA di kelas VIII-2 di SMP Negeri 5 Padangsidimpuan. Di awal penelitian sebagian besar siswa masih mengalami kesulitan sehubungan dengan mentransfer pengetahuan yang diperolehnya untuk menyelesaikan soal setelah proses belajar mengajar berlangsung, serta bagaimana menyelesaikan soal dengan cermat dan sistematis. Penelitian ini menunjukkan fakta bahwa kurangnya pembiasaan sehubungan dengan menyelesaikan dan mengerjakan soal, membuat siswa gugup dalam menyelesaikan tugasnya. Motivasi maksimal yang diberikan peneliti tampak berpengaruh sangat baik dalam hal menambah semangat dan keyakinan partisan-partisipan tersebut untuk menunjukkan kemampuan terbaik dalam menyelesaikan tugas-tugasnya. Pembiasaan berupa latihan menyelesaikan tuga secara berdiskusi ternyata cukup berpengaruh pada rasa percaya diri siswa untuk menyelesaikan tugasnya. Implementasi model pembelajaran kontekstual memerlukan kerja keras guru untuk membimbing dan mengarahkan siswa untuk mencapai hasil yang maksimal. Namun demikian, mengingat guru yang mengimplementasi model pembelajaran kontekstual perlu meningkatkan apersepsi maksimal untuk memotivasi siswa mengikuti pembelajaran, maka guru yang bersangkutan harus memiliki pemahaman yang mendalam dan pengetahuan yang luas sehubungan dengan tema-tema pelajaran yang akan dibawakannya. Guru yang mengimplementasi model pembelajaran kontekstual di dalam kelas peranannya tidak terbatas melalui sebagai fasilitator, akan tetap guru tersebut juga harus mampu bertindak sebagai model yang mampu mempraktikkan dan menguji-cobakan materi-materi pelajaran yang sedang dibawakannya, sesuai dengan konteks yang tepat.  Perlu pembiasaan yang lebih baik berupa latihan menyelesaikan soal-soal IPA. Perlu penelitian yang lebih jauh sehubungan dengan implementasi model pembelajaran kontekstual di tingkat sekolah menengah, untuk memperoleh hasil temuan yang lebih baik.
PENGARUH PENGUASAAN HUKUM II NEWTON TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK MOMENTUM DI KELAS XI SMA NEGERI
Authors: Siregar Dwi Aninditya
Published: March 2024

This research aims to know whether there is significant effect of Newton  II law mastery to students’ achievement in momentum of the XI grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Saipar Dolok Hole. The population of this research is all of XI grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Saipar Dolok Hole, consist of 2 classes, it is 75 students. Sample of this research is 35 students, taken by using cluster sampling. The data was analyzed by two steps, the first step by descriptive analysis to see the description of both variables, and the second step by using inferential analysis by using . Based on the calculation, the mean of the Students’ Newton II law mastery is 70,60. It is good category. Then the mean of the students’ achievement in momentum is 67,60. It is enough category. Based on the calculation in inferential analysis, it is found that  is 47,47 and if it is compared to  in 5% significant, it is found 1,69. After comparing and , it is got that  is greater than  (47,47 > 1,69). The hypothesis is accepted. Means that there is significant effect of Newton II law mastery to students’ achievement in momentum of the XI grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Saipar Dolok Hole.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MATERI USAHA DAN ENERGI DI KELAS XI SMA NEGERI
Authors: Zuliani Nasution Unita Sukma
Published: March 2024

This study aims to know whether there is a significant effect of using Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ physic achievement on the topic effort and energy at the eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Barumun  Selatan. The research was conducted for 3 months (July –September 2017) by using experimental method. The total sample was 50 students and it was taken by using total sampling technique. Observation and test were used in collecting the data. Based on descriptive analyzes, it could be found that a) the average of using PBL model was 93.33 (very good category) and the average of students’ physic achievement on the topic effort and energy before using PBL model 66.92 (enough category) and after using PBL model was 83.07 (very good category). Furthermore, based on inferential statistic by using ttest, the result showed that the value of tobserved is greater than ttable (13.88>1.71), it means, there is a significant effect of using Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ physic achievement on the topic effort and energy at the eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Barumun  Selatan.
PENGARUH PENGUASAAN KALOR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA PADA MATERI POKOK GELOMBANG ELEKTRO MAGNATIK DI KELAS X SMA NEGERI 1 PADANG BOLAK JULU
Authors: Siregar Dedes Asriani Asriani
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research was to know whether there was any significant influence of heat mastery and physic achievement in electromagnetic wave subject at the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Padang Bolak Julu. The method of this research was descriptive. By using total sampling technique, the writer took 70 students as the sample. Based on descriptive analysis, the average of heat mastery was 73, it was categorized “good” and the average of electromagnetic wave was 76.5, it was categorized “good”.Based statistic inferential analysis by using ttest to test hypothesis, it could be gotten tcount = 5.71 and ttable = 1.66 at error level 5%. It could be seen tcount was greater than ttable (5.78 >1.66). It means alternative hypothesis was accepted. In the other words, there was any significant influence of heat mastery and physic achievement in electromagnetic wave subject at the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Padang Bolak Julu.
Determinants of Malaysian Real Estate Investment Trusts (M-REITs) Risk-Adjusted Performance during the Period of Property Oversupply
Authors: Tee Peck-Ling , Choong Shuet-Ee
Published: March 2024

After the remarkable property surge in the first half of 2010s decade (2010-2014), the Malaysian property market has then moved into a period of oversupply and price overhang, which pose more challenges for REIT managers. Unlike most previous research that mainly compared various risk-adjusted performance measures among REITs, this research looks into whether size of portfolio, fundamental performance measures (net property income and dividend yield) and types of property managed by REITs influence their risk-adjusted performance measure of Jensen alpha. Based on a sample of 16 Malaysian REITs over the period 2015-2017, regression results generally show that there is no significant relationship between any of these determinants and Jensen alpha. Furthermore, only one out of the 16 M-REITs has a positive Jensen alpha and outperforms the benchmark FTSE Bursa Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Composite Index. Investors who prefer a high and certain dividend yield can consider to invest in M-REITs that mainly focused in the hospitality sector. Based on the rankings of Jensen alpha, M-REIT fund managers can consider to diversify their property portfolios to include more retail and hospitality properties during the period of property oversupply.
Newton’s Second Law on Positive Real Line R_+
Authors: Umar Mohd Faudzi , Mohd Shah Nurisya
Published: March 2024

In this work, a classical particle that moves on will be investigated by using the affine commutator relation which corresponds to the Poisson bracket in classical mechanics where the equation of motions and the Newton’s second law will be modified. Two example of physical systems will be studied further using the modified Newton’s second law namely free particle and harmonic oscillator. The result concludes that for a free particle, the force on is no longer zero and a linear force due positive real line and fixed momentum. While, classical dynamics on for simple harmonic oscillator system is a qubic force.
Dampak Kinerja Karyawan Ditinjau dari Job Characteristics dan Komunikasi Interpersonal di Dinas Sosial Kota Bandung
Authors: Destriani Firda , Simarmata Harianto , Purwadisastra Dikdik
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran serta untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh job characteristics, komunikasi interpersonal dan Kinerja Karyawan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan pada Dinas Sosial Kota Bandung yang berjumlah 73 orang responden dengan menggunakan teknik probability sampling, sampel jenuh. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa keadaan job characteristics berada pada kategori cukup rendah dan keadaan komunikasi interpersonal berada pada kategori cukup rendah serta keadaan kinerja karyawan berada pada kategori cukup rendah. Berdasarkan hasil nilai koefisien determinasi, variabel job characteristics terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar 22.1%, variabel komunikasi interpersonal terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar 51.1%, variabel job characteristics dan komunikasi interpersonal terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar 55.9%. Hasil penelitian secara parsial menunjukan job characteristics berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan thitung 3.121 > ttabel 1.994 dengan nilai sig 0.000 < 0.05, serta komunikasi interpersonal berpengaruh positif dan seignifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan thitung 7.561 > ttabel 1.994 dengan nilai sig 0.003 < 0.05, dan secara simultan job characteristics dan komunikasi interpersonal berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan fhitung 46.571 > ftabel 3.123 dengan nilai sig 0.000 < 0.05.