bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Situational Awareness – Key Safety Factor For The Officer Of The Watch
Authors:   University of Split, Jaram Hrvoje , Vidan Pero , Vukša Srđan , Pavić Ivan ,   University of Split
Published: September 2021

One of the main causes of many maritime accidents are errors caused by the human element. Analysis of many maritime accidents at sea shows that situational awareness is one of the most important safety factors. The purpose and objective of this paper is to define the concept, importance and application of situational awareness throughout history until today. It also aims to highlight the high level of situational awareness as an important safety factor possessed by the Officer of the Watch and the overall importance of the same in the maritime domain. It is important to define the role of International Maritime Organization and the World Health Organization in relation to seafarer regulations and situational awareness. To identify the prevalence of low situational awareness as a root cause of accidents through the analysis of statistical data. To demonstrate the consequences of low situational awareness among ship’s crew through examples of tragic maritime accidents, along with identifying human and organizational factors that significantly reduce situational awareness. By defining the role and application of maritime training and modern technological solutions in the efforts to prevent maritime accidents and improve the situational awareness of ship officers. The questionnaire was conducted with the aim of collecting data on the importance of situational awareness from the experienced mariners as a target group. The questionnaire also aimed to obtain more detailed information about the effectiveness offered by modern technological solutions to improve situational awareness. Based on the collected information, arguments and assertions about situational awareness as an important safety factor for the Officer of the Watch, safety recommendations are presented.
Applicability Of The Ooda Loop Theory For Analysis Of Human Error Processes In The Maritime Safety
Authors:   Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy, Mednikarov Boyan , Lutzkanova Siyana ,   Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy
Published: September 2021

The publication evaluates the applicability of John Boyd’s OODA Loop (observe-orient-decide-act) theory for the analysis of human error in the maritime industry. The predominant share of human error among the range of maritime safety issues is revealed. The interdependence between the different phases of the OODA Loop to achieve the desired state of maritime safety is studied, namely the correct actions in each of the implemented cycles. So, the paramount importance of situational awareness as a prerequisite for safety is proven. The mechanisms for manifestation of other factors endangering maritime safety are also analyzed, such as: lack of competence, fatigue, stress, etc. In conclusion, the role of the time factor in the realization of the OODA Loop is assessed and in this context, approaches are offered to increase the possibility for realization of a quality loop.
The ability to use FLEXPART in simulation of the long-range radioactive materials dispersed from nuclear power plants near Vietnam border
Authors: Pham Kim Long , Nguyen Hao Quang , Pham Duy Hien , Do Xuan Anh , Duong Duc Thang , Doan Quang Tuyen
Published: September 2021

FLEXPART is a Lagrangian transport and dispersion model suitable for the simulation of a large range of atmospheric transport processes. FLEXPART has been researched and applied   in simulation of the long-range dispersion of radioactive materials. It can be applicable to the problem of radioactive materials released from the nuclear power plants impact on Vietnam. This report presents simulation of radioactive dispersion from the accident assumed Fangchenggang and Changjiang nuclear power plants in China with the FLEXPART, using meteorological data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The results of simulations and analyzing showed good applicability of FLEXPART for a long-range radioactive materials dispersion. The preliminary simulation results show that the impact of the radioactive material dispersion in Vietnam varies by the well-known characteristics of the monsoon of our country. Winter is the time when the dominant northeast winds up radioactive dispersion most towards our country, its sphere of influence extends from the Northeast (Quang Ninh) to North Central (Da Nang).
Managing large foreign language classes at university
Authors: McCarthy B.
Published: September 2021

The rationalisation of class sizes and subject
offerings in majors, and the implementation of
workloads models establishing parity in teaching
hours and in student load per staff member across
Faculty have created considerable challenges for
tertiary foreign-language teaching over the past
decade. This paper presents one way of responding
to the imperatives of the new order, involving the
adaptation and management of traditional class
activities so that they remain valid in a group of 60
or more students, and the development and delivery
of computer-based activities to allow students to
receive as much (or as little) individualised
instruction as they need outside of class. It reflects
on principles and practices which, although not new,
have assumed particular importance in the new
environment, and analyses the impact of the
changes on the dynamic of the class.
Turnitin.com: Teachers’ Perspectives of Anti-Plagiarism Software in Raising Issues of Educational Integrity
Authors: Sutherland-Smith W. , Carr R.
Published: September 2021

Issues of academic plagiarism in educational institutions
are often played out in the public arena. Media reports
that ‘scandals’ occur in universities where plagiarism has
gone undetected, or unpunished can undermine public
faith in the academic integrity of higher education. Antiplagiarism
software has been successfully marketed to
universities as a means through which to detect and deter
plagiarism. One commercially available product, Turnitin,
has been embraced and implemented in many
educational settings around the globe. Although Turnitin
has been heralded as an effective measure to combat
plagiarism, little empirical research has been undertaken
to examine user perceptions of its effectiveness. This
paper details a site-specific case study which explores the
perspectives of seven teachers across five faculties at
South-Coast University¹ about the effectiveness and
usability of Turnitin. The findings indicate that Turnitin
assists in detecting passages where text matches other
sources. However, the software does not indicate whether
plagiarism has occurred or not. That remains the decision
of the teacher. Additionally, such software should not be
considered a panacea for plagiarism. Students still
require explicit teaching of the concept of textual
attribution, often with subject-specific examples to
understand acknowledgement conventions within
academia.
Scaffolding Academic Integrity: Creating a Learning Context for Teaching Referencing Skills
Authors: Emerson L. , Rees M. , MacKay B.
Published: September 2021

Methods of detecting plagiarism and teaching skills
relating to the use of secondary sources are matters of
increasing contention within academia. The project
presented in this paper melds the use of a detection tool
(Turnitin) with a multi-strategy educational programme.
The results show that using percentage of secondary
sources usage as an indicator of plagiarism is unreliable,
that a one-on-one tutor clinic may be an useful part of any
educational programme, and that students’ inability to
reference correctly may be based on an inadequate
understanding of the process of academic writing, rather
than a misunderstanding of the conventions. This
suggests that students would benefit from interactive
teaching or teaching materials which focus on the process
of using secondary sources, rather than teaching which
focuses solely on definition of terms and conventions of
secondary source usage.
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES, METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION BY UV SPECTROSCOPY IN BULK PHARMACEUTICALS
Authors: Patel Vipul , Patel Unnati
Published: September 2021

The silver nanoparticle is an antibacterial, nontoxic agent. Its conventional synthesis usually generates toxic waste while reaction proceeds hence, green synthesis approach is used have for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) by using Datura metel leaf extract as reducing agent. The colour change from colourless to brown was the visual identification for formation of Ag-NPs and showed absorption at 447 nm. The Ag-NPs were of size 180 nm analysed by SEM and characterised by FTIR, where carboxylic peak was obtained at 1569 cm-1, besides confirming presence of alcoholic group and polyphenols. Further, validated method was developed and linearity was found to be 0.995 and % RSD of validation parameters was found to be within the limit <2%. A simple, lab scale, rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive spectroscopic method has been developed and validated as per ICH guideline for synthesized Ag-NPs in bulk pharmaceuticals by UV vis spectrophotoscopy and it is applicable for routine analysis.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF RUTIN TRIHYDRATE EMULGEL
Authors: Sushmitha C , Kusuma M.P. , Archana J ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, RBVRR Women’s college of Pharmacy Affiliated to Osmania University, Barkatpura, Hyderabad - 500 027, India
Published: September 2021

Emulgels (emulsion gels) are a class of biphasic semi-solid formulations, having aqueous and non-aqueous phases, delivering both hydrophilic and lipophilic agents. The main advantage of an emulgel is that lipophilic drugs can be easily formulated as emulgels. Rutin trihydrate is an herbal drug used for topical treatment of inflammation. However, its poor water solubility (0.125 mg/ml) presents a hindrance for its local bioavailability and limits effective anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of the current study was to formulate and optimize rutin trihydrate emulgel to enhance its efficacy and stability. 28 formulations were developed with various types of gelling agents like Carbapol 934 (0.8 and 1% w/v), Xanthum gum (1.5 and 2% w/v), HPMCk15 (2, 2.5 and 3% w/v),HPMC K100 (2, 2.5% w/v), guar gum (1, 1.5 and 2% w/v), badam gum (1% w/v) and using various permeation enhancers like clove oil, eucalyptus oil and oil of orange (10 and12.5% v/v). The optimised formulation (f8) was yellow in colour, homogeneous with good consistency, possessed pH of 6.51±0.04 that is very close to that of normal skin (6-7), drug content of 98.7%, viscosity of 14,680cps at 30rpm, spreadability 13.5gm.cm/sec and extrudability 36.2% and in vitro drug release of 79.3% for 7 hrs, ex vivo drug release of 70.08% was stable for 3 months and was having comparable anti inflammatory activity with that of marketed formulation.
ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION STUDIES OF GEMCITABINE NIOSOMES
Authors: Manjarekar Pooja , Khan Tabassum
Published: September 2021

Gemcitabine hydrochloride niosomes were developed in our laboratory in an effort to improve the efficacy of the drug via development of nanotechnology based delivery system. As a part of this exercise, an analytical method was developed and validated to evaluate the developed formulation for assay and release profile studies. A simple, precise, specific and rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for determination of gemcitabine hydrochloride in niosomes. The developed method exhibited good resolution, short run time and low cost of analysis. The chromatographic analysis was carried on a Waters® (C18, 250 mm x4.6 mm, 5µ) column using water: acetonitrile (95:5 v/v) as the mobile phase, flow rate of 1.2 ml/min and detection at 268 nm. The robustness of the method was evaluated using design of experiments. The validation studies of the developed method were conducted as per ICH guidelines Q2 (R1). The results indicated that the developed method as specific, accurate, precise, reliable, robust, reproducible, and suitable for the quantitative analysis of gemcitabine hydrochloride in the developed niosomes.
NATURAL PRODUCTS IN WOUND HEALING: NANO-TECHNOLOGY BASED APPROACHES
Authors: Kapare Harshad S , Metkar Sarika R. , Wakalkar Shweta V. ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Unitech Society’s, Dr. D.Y.Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune - 411 018, India
Published: September 2021

Wound is a disruption of the normal anatomical structure and the tissue function. The wound healing or repair is an orderly process which involves multiple phases characterized by inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Natural products, which are derived from herbs and animals, constitute several chemical compounds which are proven for great wound healing potential. The major issue in therapeutic use of these natural products is the solubility constraint due to high lipophilicity and hence it hampers bioavailability and pharmacological effect. Nanotechnology based approaches are well proven as an approach for solubility enhancement and thus found to be useful for improvement of the efficacy and therapeutic activity. In this review different potential natural products known for promoting angiogenesis and wound healing activity by various mechanisms are summarized with emphasis on the various nanotechnology based approaches developed as a drug delivery system for these products to achieve enhanced solubility and improved its biopharmaceutical properties.
ANTIOXIDANT, SEDATIVE AND HYPNOTIC POTENTIAL OF MILK EXTRACT OF MYRISTICA FRAGRANS: A COMPLIMENTARY MEDICINE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF INSOMNIA
Authors: Raul Namita , Hatware Ketan Vinayakrao , Sharma Sanjay , Patil Kiran , Karri Sravani , Gautam Rupesh Kumar
Published: September 2021

The Myristica fragrans (MF) is well known in Ayurveda for many therapeutic uses. The present research work was carried out to investigate the antioxidant (in vitro), sedative and hypnotic effects of the MFmilk extracts in Wistar rats. The extraction was carried out by hot percolation and cold maceration methods. The phytochemical, HPLC and pharmacological evaluations were done. The overall sedative and hypnotic effects of the different extracts were evaluated using the parameters locomotor activity, muscle strength and thiopental induced sleeping time. The milk extracts shown the presence of quercetin. It was confirmed using HPLC analysis, which might be responsible for its in-vitro antioxidant activity. The extract also showed the significant (P<0.05) sedative and hypnotic effect at 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg on oral administration. Consequently, the treated groups have shown a significant increase in thiopental induced sleeping time. The study concluded that the milk extracts possess antioxidant, sedative and hypnotic activity. further research is needed to develop suitable formulation and to establish the mechanism of action of milk extract of MF.
IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF SELECTED ESSENTIAL OILS
Authors: Chandi C. Rath , Samal A.
Published: September 2021

Antifungal activity of seven essential oils was studied primarily against C. albicans and E. floccosum. Four essential oils viz. turmeric, palmarosa, lemongrass and citronella, that revealed better antifungal activities during screening, were characterized further. Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) and phenol coefficient values of the oils ranged between 0.97 to 62.5 µl/ml and 0125 to 0.75 respectively. The oils retained the antifungal activities when treated at high temperature (1000 C for 1h) and pressure (autoclaved), indicating presence of thermostable and barostable active components in them. The oils also resisted sonication (33,000Hz for 30min) and revealed antifungal activities against the two pathogens. Immediate killing of E. floccosum, is attributable to an irreversible damage to the cells. Antifungal activity of these oils as recorded during the study, could be attributable to the membrane inhibition mechanism and was observed to be fungicidal in nature.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF TOPICAL BROMFENAC AND TOPICAL FLURBIPROFEN IN MAINTAINING MYDRIASIS DURING CATARACT SURGERY
Authors: T.H. Deepika , Chandan N.G. , T.R. Manjula
Published: September 2021

At the time of cataract surgery, one of the challenges a surgeon encounters is intraoperative miosis. This might increase the chances of intraoperative and postoperative complications. Thus, maintainence of adequate pupillary dilatation is necessary during cataract surgery. Aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of prophylactic administration of topical bromfenac (0.09 % w/V) and topical flurbiprofen (0.03 % w/V) in maintaining mydriasis during the cataract surgery. A total of 100 patients were randomly divided into two groups of 50 each. Group 1 received topical bromfenac (0.09 %) and Group 2 received topical flurbiprofen (0.03 %). The mean percentage loss of mydriasis from the baseline was lesser in bromfenac group compared to flurbiprofen group (p < 0.001). Topical bromfenac was found to be more effective in maintaining mydriasis during the cataract surgery when compared to the topical flurbiprofen.
Processos estruturais: judicialização dos direitos fundamentais sociais e mínimo existencial
Authors: Dantas Matusalem Jobson Bezerra , Saraiva Hemily Samila , Bevenuto Daniel Bezerra
Published: September 2021

O presente ensaio tem por objetivo analisar o chamado direito a um mínimo existencial, articulado aos direitos fundamentais sociais, discutindo-se a aplicação e/ou exigibilidade na judicialização desses direitos a partir de problemas de natureza estrutural. Diante dessa questão, defende-se a possibilidade de o Judiciário, diante da omissão dos outros Poderes, implementar políticas públicas, não havendo, nessa postura ativista, violação ao princípio da separação dos poderes. Não obstante, ainda há um déficit nessa prática. A Administração Púbica, por sua vez, não pode invocar a tese da reserva do possível, caso não assegure o mínimo existencial ao cidadão, verdadeiro núcleo duro das garantias fundamentais, fruto de um Estado Democrático de Direito. O cerne da questão, que envolve litígios complexos e multipolares, é de como implementar os direitos diante de um processo civil marcadamente individual. Para a solução do problema, através do processo estrutural, há a necessidade de se fortalecer o caráter coletivo do processo, além de repensar os institutos para que se tenha um processo civil compatível com as peculiaridades de problemas estruturais, já que não há um processo estrutural próprio vigente. Faz-se necessário um processo democrático, através de instrumentos dialógicos, quais sejam, o amicus curiae e a audiência pública, com observância do consequencialismo das decisões judiciais. Utiliza-se para persecução dos objetivos delineados a pesquisa do tipo qualitativo e nível de investigação descritivo, o método de abordagem foi o hipotético-dedutivo, através da análise bibliográfica, jurisprudencial e dispositivos normativos atinentes ao tema.
A necessidade de contemporaneidade do periculum libertatis para a decretação de medidas cautelares sob a égide da Lei nº 13.964/19
Authors: Poll Roberta Eggert , Vieira Anderson
Published: September 2021

O artigo promove uma crítica sobre a forma de elaboração das decisões penais que versam sobre as medidas cautelares, à luz das recentes alterações promovidas pela Lei nº 13.964/19, partindo-se, para tanto, de breves incursões na Teoria da Decisão. Pretende-se, com o texto, responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: em que medida o órgão emissor de decisões judiciais relacionadas à prisão pode exercer alguma discricionariedade e deixar de observar o critério da contemporaneidade, acrescentado ao Código de Processo Penal pela Lei nº 13.964/19? Apresentado esse questionamento, elencou-se, como hipótese, de que não há nenhuma possibilidade de que magistrados deixem, agora, de observar a contemporaneidade dos fatos para decretar prisões preventivas. Ao final, nas conclusões, a hipótese foi confirmada, na medida em que, pelo estudo realizado foi possível verificar que, em decorrência da obrigação de fundamentação e motivação dos atos judiciais, alicerçada na Teoria da Decisão Judicial, não pode, o magistrado, emitir uma decisão referente às medidas cautelares sem a observância aos critérios legais (fumus comissi delicti e periculum libertatis, com base no § 2º, do artigo 312, e no §1º, do art. 315, ambos do Código de Processo Penal). O texto foi construído em três tópicos, que perpassam sobre a temática tratada e, para tanto, utilizou-se como técnica de pesquisa a revisão bibliográfica, e, como método, empregou-se dedutivo e, no mesmo talante, o dialético, dado que se objetiva aproximar-se das discussões da realidade social, por meio da análise de uma situação concreta.
O ativismo judicial no Supremo Tribunal Federal: uma análise a partir do julgamento da ADO nº 26/DF.
Authors: Turra Gabriela Sufiati , Machado Álvaro Augusto Lauff
Published: September 2021

A partir do fortalecimento da jurisdição constitucional, sob o paradigma do Estado Democrático de Direito, da promulgação da abrangente Constituição Federal de 1988 e, principalmente, diante das novas e complexas demandas submetidas à análise do Judiciário, vê-se a crescente e natural judicialização das mais diversas questões, sejam morais, sociais ou políticas. Em decorrência dessa judicialização e do consequente protagonismo do Poder Judiciário, constata-se, ainda, a ocorrência, cada vez mais frequente, do chamado ativismo judicial, que, a depender do contexto em que surge, pode ser visto como positivo e necessário, diante da inércia do Poder Legislativo. Ocorre que, em alguns casos, o ativismo apresenta uma face “perniciosa”, o que justifica uma análise cautelosa de como tal fenômeno tem se destacado no cenário jurídico brasileiro e, inclusive, o estudo de medidas de contenção, a fim de evitar decisões judiciais discricionárias e, muitas vezes, abusivas e sem respaldo legal. Para destacar este lado, este estudo buscou fazer uma análise minuciosa acerca do conteúdo da decisão proferida pelo STF na ADO nº 26/DF, julgada em 2019, que criminalizou a homotransfobia e a equiparou ao crime de racismo.
The Disappearance of the “Model Muslim Minority” in Xi Jinping’s China: Intended Policy or Side Effect?
Authors: Gonul Hacer , Rogenhofer Julius
Published: September 2021

This article critically examines how securitization campaigns by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) turn the country’s Muslim minorities into potential threats, while simultaneously seeking to legitimize the CCP’s repressive security practices. Applying securitization theory, the article examines whether there are ethnicity-based differences in the securitization process, particularly between the Hui and Uyghur Muslim minority groups and why such differences exist. In doing so, the article briefly introduces the different Muslim communities within China, as well as the impact of the Chinese government’s Open Door Policy on Chinese Muslim minorities. The existential security threat perceived and subsequently leveraged by China originates in demands for increased autonomy, more cultural and religious rights, and, in some cases, formal independence from China by its Uyghur population. Sociopolitical unrest in Xinjiang heightens Chinese insecurities and hardens the CCP’s policies toward the Uyghur minority group inside Xinjiang, as well as other Chinese Muslim minorities, specifically the Hui minority predominantly located in Ningxia. There are significant differences in how the state securitizes these two Muslim minority groups, which can be explained with the use of model minorities. In framing its own Muslim minority groups as a security issue, China employs the post-9/11 Global “War on Terror” to transform ethnic unrest into a terrorismbased challenge to the Chinese state. As such, the focus of securitization shifted from ethnic identity to religious practice. This conceptual shift underlies state attempts to legitimize its counterinsurgency policies under the principle of combating the “Three Evils” of separatism, terrorism, and religious extremism, which are aimed specifically at religious minorities.
On the Determination of the Chip Nozzle Recognition System by Using Machine Vision
Authors: Qiu Jing , Xu Yun , Liu Siyi
Published: September 2021

To solve the problem of chip damage caused by the using the wrong type of vacuum nozzle during the packaging of semiconductor chips. A recognition system of vacuum nozzle based on machine vision was proposed. In this research, 29 kinds of lifting nozzles are selected as test samples. The backlight intensity of two lifting nozzle images (one strong and one weak separately) is collected at the first beginning. Then, the Blob analysis method is using to analyze the weak backlighting image. The area of the lifting nozzle and the minimum outer rectangular feature can be obtained subsequently. To identify the shape of the liftin nozzle (round or square), the area ratio is calculated. At the same time, the minimum outer rectangular of the lifting nozzle is selected as the reference rectangle. Then, construct the measurement rectangle. The 2-dimensional size of the lifting nozzle is measured as well. Meanwhile, for the strong backlight image, the average value of the grayscale which located within the minimum outer rectangle is calculated. Therefore, the color (black, white, or beige) of the nozzle can be identified. Finally, the sample data is saved to the database as the sample database. During the recognition process, the shape, color, and size of the lifting nozzle being analyzing are using as the parameter to realize the condition inquire. The experimental results show that the recognition accuracy of this method is 98.85%, and the recognition time of one nozzle is around 1 second, which meets the requirements of practical application.
Research on the Development Model of Black Copper Walking on Silver in Vitality Inheritance and Industrialization
Authors: Wang Chen , Ren Xueling
Published: September 2021

"Black Copper Walking on Silver ", the unique copper production process in Yunnan, as an important part of the excellent traditional Chinese culture, its inheritance has far-reaching significance for us to establish cultural confidence and rebuild cultural identity. However, the current development of black copper and silver walking technology is difficult, and the traditional sense of protection has been unable to solve the root problem. Nowadays, the protection of black copper and silver walking skills should break the traditional static single protection mode, combine the traditional inheritance with modern protection, and grasp the intangible cultural heritage elements from the perspective of productive protection. On the basis of objectively analyzing the characteristics and development status, the article effectively connects the living inheritance with industrialization, and explores the new development mode of folk custom industrialization under the live inheritance mode, so as to promote the live inheritance of black copper walking on silver and the common development of folk economy industry.
Shanghai Port Carbon Emission Measurement Study
Authors: Zhang Ling
Published: September 2021

Port carbon emission is a general term for greenhouse gas emissions generated by ports in production activities and by ships in port areas during navigation and berthing. Accurate measurement of port carbon emissions and analysis of the time series characteristics of port carbon emissions are the prerequisite and foundation for revealing the deep mechanism of port carbon emission changes, which is of great significance to China's port carbon emission reduction. The article will refer to the relevant carbon emission measurement process and methods, take Shanghai port during 2010-2019 as the research object, construct a carbon emission measurement model of Shanghai port, and quantitatively analyze the port carbon emission based on the measurement model and the collected data, and study the change trend and characteristics of carbon dioxide emission of Shanghai port, so as to further supplement and improve the carbon emission knowledge system of the port industry and promote China's port This will further improve the carbon emission knowledge system of the port industry and promote the sustainable development of China's ports.
The Window of Talent Policy in Regional Revitalization: For A More Socially Creative Urban Blueprint
Authors: Lin Rongmao
Published: September 2021

Talent Window is a crucial part of the Talent Policy, directly establishing communications with the talents. Today, it is generally set through the Official Service Websites, combined with various Information Publishing Platforms and Offline Service Windows, so that the talents could obtain the information about Talent Policy and consult with administrative staff about all matters related to talent introduction. The key indicator of a Talent Window is whether it could genuinely attract talent inflow and then improve urban vitality. Furthermore, the perfection and convenience of the Talent Window and its encouraging effect on talents are also the keys to whether it could bring “a sense of welcome” to them and make them willing to contribute to social creativity. Considering the significance of Talent Window in implementing Regional Revitalization, this article explores feasible solutions for setting the Talent Window based on comparing the present situation and Talent Window between Quanzhou City, China, and Tottori Prefecture, Japan.
تأثير عقار أسيكلوفير صوديوم على بعض المؤشرات الكيموحيوية في ذكور الأرانب المحلية
Authors: السامرائي عثمان رشيد , حامد شيماء رعد , حسين مها صالح
Published: September 2021

أجريت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة مدى تأثير عقار الاسيكلوفير على وظائف الكبد والكلى في ذكور الارانب المحلية، شملت المؤشرات المدروسة كلاً من انزيم اسبارتيت الناقل لمجموعة الامين (AST)، وإنزيم النين الناقل لمجموعة الأمين (ALT)، انزيم فوسفاتيز القاعدي (ALP)، اليوريا، حامض اليوريك والكيراتنين. صممت التجربة بواقع مجموعتين (6 أرانب لكل مجموعة)، الاولى هي مجموعة السيطرة (C) والثانية هي مجموعة (G) المعاملة بالعقار الاسيكلوفير. أشارت النتائج الى وجود ارتفاع معنوي في مستوى فعالية أنزيمات الكبد (AST, ALT, ALP) في المجموعة المعاملة بالعقار مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة. وأظهرت النتائج وجود ارتفاع معنوي في مستوى حامض اليوريك في المجموعة المعاملة بالعقار مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة، في حين لم تظهر اية فروقات بين المجموعتين بالنسبة لكل من اليوريا والكرياتنين.
Additives Effects on producing Gypsum plaster in Zurbatiyah area, Eastern Iraq
Authors: AL-hadadi Ajel Swain Yaseen , AL-khafaji Sattar Jabbar
Published: September 2021

Gypsum deposits are wide spread in Zurbatiyah area, Eastern of Iraq, especially in Fatha Formation. Gypsum deposits have been known as a suitable materials for gypsum plaster industry. Sawdust and Palm fibers powders have been added in different ratios to gypsum plaster material mixture to improve their industrial properties. Addition of 0 %,1 %, 5%, 10% and 15 % pass of 4.75 mm size of sawdust and palm fibers powder and 0 %, 1 %, 5%, 10% and 15 % pass of 5.60 mm size of sawdust and palm fibers powder to gypsum plaster material mixture. This ratios showed results of consistency (35-75 ml/gm), setting time (11-20 min) and compressive strength (2.2-4.4 N/mm2) for sawdust powders size 4.75 mm, whereas the results of consistency (35-63 ml/gm),setting time (11-21 min) and compressive strength (2.0-4.2 N/mm2) for palm fibers powders size pass of 4.75 mm. The addition of 1% and 5% pass of 4.75 mm sawdust and palm fibers powder to gypsum plaster material mixture showed an improvements in consistency(37-41ml/gm), (36-40ml/gm) setting time (13-14 min), (12-13 min) and compressive strength (4.2-4.4 N/mm2), and (4.1-4.2 N/mm2) for sawdust and palm fibers respectively. Also the addition of 1 % and 5 % pass of 5.60 mm sawdust and palm fibers powder showed consistency (40-45 ml/gm), (39-44 ml/gm), (14-15 min.), (12-13min.), (3.5-4.2 N/mm2), and (3.0-4.1 N/mm2), for sawdust and palm fibers respectively. In general, the results of current study conform the requirements of the Iraqi standard specification No. 28 (1988) and ASTM C28, C472 (2010) for ordinary gypsum plaster industry.
Measuring the level of microalbumin and cystatin-c in people with diabetes in the city of Samarra
Authors: Yasin Nedaa Taha , Zidan Moafaq Mutlak
Published: September 2021

The study aimed to evaluate the level of microalbumin and cyststin c and its relation to kidney damage caused by diabetes collected blood samples and blood samples from 40 people with diabetes male and female patients from the patients of Samarra General Hospital and some outpatient clinics in the city ranged ages (25-70) And 20 healthy people of similar ages, the level of microlboimen in urine and cyststin c was measured in the serum, the results showed a high level of microalbumin in urine and cyststin C in the serum in people with diabetes compared to the control group, as well as the results showed a higher level of Microalbumin in men while the level of microlboimen in women decreased, while the level of cyststin C is not affected by sex, while the results of the study showed a high level of microalbumin and statin C in the different age groups this study was completed from the beginning of August 2019 to the end of the month January 2020.
تقييم الفعالية البيولوجية للبكتريا المعزولة من داخل النبات في مقاومة مرضي التفحم المغطى وتعفن الجذور وموت البادرات في الحنطة Triticum aestivum L.
Authors: . هارون رشيد أحمد , . عبد الله عبد الكريم حسن
Published: September 2021

أجريت الدراسة لتقييم فعالية بكتريا داخل النبات في السيطرة على المسببات المرضية Pythium aphanidermatum المسبب لمرض تعفن الجذور وموت البادرات و T. caries /Tilletia laevis المسبب لمرض التفحم المغطى، إذ عزلت 50 عزلة من البكتريا من أنسجة نبات الحنطة من بعض مناطق محافظة صلاح الدين. أشارت نتائج إختبار التضاد المباشر للبكتريا المعزولة مع المسبب المرضي P. aphanidermatum إلى أن مدى التثبيط قد تراوح بين (0.3 - 9.3 ملم) إذ بلغ أعلى معدل تثبيط في العزلة SHSt2 بمنطقة تثبيط بلغت 9.3 ملم وشخصت هذه العزلة الى مستوى النوع Pseudomonas flvescens (SHSt2) . أن المعاملة (بذور + رش 1012 خلية بكتيرية/ مل) في التجربة الحقلية قد أبدت تفوقاً معنوياً في مؤشرات النبات الخضرية كمحتوى الكلوروفيل وارتفاع النباتات. أثرت المعاملة ببكتريا P.flvescensفي نسبة الاصابة بالفطرين الممرضين P.aphanidermatum و T. laevis/T. caries إذ بلغت ادنى نسبة اصابة في معاملة البكتريا (بذور + رش 1012 خلية بكتيرية/ مل) بنسبة إصابة بلغت 19.94 و11.13% على التوالي مقارنة باعلى نسبة اصابة في معاملتي السيطرة بوجود الممرضين فقط إذ بلغت نسبة الإصابة 81.57 و 58.47 % على التوالي. في المؤشرات الانتاجية ، رفعت المعاملة بالبكتريا P. flvescens من الوزن الكلي للنبات بوجود الممرضين P. aphanidermatum و T. laevis/T. caries إذ بلغ أعلى وزن 60.4 و 58.71 غم على التوالي في معاملة (بذور + رش 1012 خلية بكتيرية/ مل)، مقارنة بأدنى وزن في معاملتي السيطرة للممرضين إذ بلغ 26.47 و 20.56 غم على التوالي، إضافة إلى ذلك فقد إنعكس تأثير المعاملة بالبكتريا P. flvescens على دليل الحصاد إذ بلغت أعلى نسبة 36.5 و28.75% بوجود الممرضين P. aphanidermatum و T. laevis/T. caries على التوالي في معاملة (بذور + رش 1012 خلية بكتيرية/ مل) مقارنة بأدنى نسبة في معاملة السيطرة للممرضين إذ بلغت 22.42 و18.42 %على التوالي .
تحضير وتشخيص بعض مركبات اميدات السلفا ودراسة فعاليتها المضادة للبكتريا
Authors: خضير ميمونه حميد , حمد عبدالمجيد صالح , حاتم اسيل مقداد
Published: September 2021

يتضمن البحث تحضير من مشتقات الهبتاترايين الحلقي اميدات السلفا حاوية على امينات وتقييم فعاليتها البايولوجية ان المركبات المحضرة اميدات السلفا. تم تشخيص البعض منها بواسطة تقنيات  IR ,  ,1H-NMR NMR – 13Cوتقيم الفعالية البايلوجية للمركبات فقد تم القياس على اساس قياس قطر التثبيط الذي تسببهُ العزلات البكتيريه على الوسط الزراعي واظهر تثبيط عالي لبعض المركبات والبعض منها كانت قليلة تجاه  البكتريا. اظهر احد المركبات فعالية كبيرة ضد البكتريا E.coli نصف قطر تثبيط  18ملم بينما المركب الاخر أظهر فعالية ضد البكتيريا E.coli, S. aureues انصاف اقطار تثبيط  17و7 ملم على التوالي  وكذلك أظهر مركب  اخر فعالية تجاه بكتريا S. pneumonia  بنصف قطر تثبيط 8 ملم ، أما   بعض منها لم تظهر فعالية ضد S. pneumonia S. pyogenes ,
دراسة التأثير النسجي لكبد الفأر الأبيض المصاب تجريبياً بفطر A.fumigatus والمعامل بـAmphotericin B و Trametes sp.
Authors: صالح هديل عبدالله , رشيد خلود ناجي , مزهر ميلاد عدنان
Published: September 2021

هدفت الدراسة لمعرفة التغيرات النسجية في كبد الفئران البيض المصابة بفطرAspgerillus fumiagtus بطريقة الحقن داخل الصاق والغرس داخل الأنف وعلاجها بالمضاد الفطري Amphotericin B والمستخلص الكحولي لفطرTrametes sp.وقد أوضحت النتائج ان الفطرA.fumigatus  سبب الى حدوث افات نسجية متمثلة في تنكس .تنخر.الخلايا الكبدية.تحلل دموي.ارتشاح كبير للخلايا الالتهابية.انفصال الخلايا البطاانية لبطانة الوريد المركزي، بينما الكبد لمجاميع الفئران المصابة والمعالجةبـ Amphotericin b ،المستخلص الكحولي للفطر Trametes sp. بينت تحسنا ملحوظ إذوجد تنكس.تنخر.عدد من خلايا الكبدية تغلظ نوى منها.تضخم عدد من خلايا كوفر.توسع بعض الجيبانيات الدموية. وفي مقاطع نسيجية أخرى ظهر نسيج الكبد شبه سويا.
Pulmonary Vein: Embryology, Anatomy, Function and Disease
Authors: I-Ping Chan , Tung Hsueh
Published: September 2021

Four pulmonary veins come from respective lung lobes drain oxygen-rich blood back to the left atrium. Failure of incorporation with the left atrium can lead to a condition, called Cor triatriatum sinister, that the left atrium is separated into two chambers by an abortive fibrous tissue. The venous system of lung and whole body communicate with each other in the earlier time and they will be disconnected in the following developmental process. Total or partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection refers to that there is/are some degree of the communication exists after birth, which can occur in different sites. In the veterinary field, retrospective studies and several case reports have been published to describe these rare congenital cardiovascular diseases in several species. More cases are need for better understanding their clinical manifestation, treatment options and outcomes.
Vitamins D and B12, Altered Synaptic Plasticity and Extracellular Matrix
Authors: Bermudez Echeverry Marcela , Honda Takada Silvia , Petrucelli Arruda Bruna , Sterzeck Cardoso Debora , Pinheiro Martins Pamela , Midori Ikebara Juliane , V. Sousa-Santos Aline , R.C. Torres da Silva Victor
Published: September 2021

Brain plasticity is regulated through dynamic interactions between perineuronal nets, matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Several studies have identified a crucial role for vitamins D and B12 in brain development and a deficiency in these vitamins may contribute to the emergence of cognitive deficits, as well as the onset of both autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. However, the mechanisms underlying the interplay between ECM, MMPs, vitamins and these neuropsychiatric conditions are poorly understood. In this chapter, we seek to understand how the risk of neurodegeneration in vulnerable individuals and the aetiology of specific neuropsychiatric disorders are affected by vitamin D and B12 deficiency, in conjunction with low levels of the antioxidant glutathione, impaired GABAergic inhibition, and alterations in the permanent ECM.
Using the Structural Kinome to Systematize Kinase Drug Discovery
Authors: Zhao Zheng , E. Bourne Philip
Published: September 2021

Kinase-targeted drug design is challenging. It requires designing inhibitors that can bind to specific kinases, when all kinase catalytic domains share a common folding scaffold that binds ATP. Thus, obtaining the desired selectivity, given the whole human kinome, is a fundamental task during early-stage drug discovery. This begins with deciphering the kinase-ligand characteristics, analyzing the structure–activity relationships and prioritizing the desired drug molecules across the whole kinome. Currently, there are more than 300 kinases with released PDB structures, which provides a substantial structural basis to gain these necessary insights. Here, we review in silico structure-based methods – notably, a function-site interaction fingerprint approach used in exploring the complete human kinome. In silico methods can be explored synergistically with multiple cell-based or protein-based assay platforms such as KINOMEscan. We conclude with new drug discovery opportunities associated with kinase signaling networks and using machine/deep learning techniques broadly referred to as structural biomedical data science.
Doppler Ultrasound in the Reproduction of Mares
Authors: Silva Costa Ferreira Camila , de Cássia Lima Morais Rita
Published: September 2021

Doppler ultrasonographic (US) is a method that provides real-time information on vascular architecture and hemodynamic aspects of blood vessels. It can determine the presence, direction, and speed of blood flow, being subdivided into the categories of color Doppler (color flow and power flow) and pulsed Doppler. The objective of this chapter was to compile data from several studies addressing the use of US Doppler correlated with pathophysiological phenomena of equine reproduction. Initially we decided to describe the technique, advantages, and disadvantages of each Doppler mode. Then the applicability of US Doppler in mares related to equine reproduction. Thus, within this chapter, you will find the form of use and descriptions of studies carried out on vascular perfusion of the follicular dynamics, the corpus luteum, the uterine segments, which we have divided into post-insemination evaluation, endometritis diagnosis and pregnancy diagnosis. So, we hope that this chapter will expand the knowledge about US Doppler and increase the number of veterinarians who will introduce the technique into their practical routine.
Fundamentals of Density Functional Theory: Recent Developments, Challenges and Future Horizons
Authors: Aamir Iqbal Muhammad , Ashraf Naila , Shahid Wajeehah , Afzal Deeba , Idrees Faryal , Ahmad Raice
Published: September 2021

Density Functional Theory (DFT) is a powerful and commonly employed quantum mechanical tool for investigating various aspects of matter. The research in this field ranges from the development of novel analytical approaches focused on the design of precise exchange-correlation functionals to the use of this technique to predict the molecular and electronic configuration of atoms, molecules, complexes, and solids in both gas and solution phases. The history to DFT’s success is the quest for the exchange-correlation functional, which utilizes density to represent advanced many-body phenomena inside one element formalism. If a precise exchange-correlation functional is applied, it may correctly describe the quantum nature of matter. The estimated character of the exchange-correlation functional is the basis for DFT implementation success or failure. Hohenberg-Kohn established that every characteristic of a system in ground state is a unique functional of its density, laying the foundation for DFT, which is being utilized to explore the novelty of materials. This chapter is aimed to present an overview of DFT by explaining the theoretical background, commonly used approximations as well as their recent developments and challenges faced along-with new horizons.
Gravity and Inertia in General Relativity
Authors: F. Woodward James
Published: September 2021

The relationship of gravity and inertia has been an issue in physics since Einstein, acting on an observation of Ernst Mach that rotations take place with respect to the “fixed stars”, advanced the Equivalence Principle (EP). The EP is the assertion that the forces that arise in proper accelerations are indistinguishable from gravitational forces unless one checks ones circumstances in relation to distant matter in the universe (the fixed stars). By 1912, Einstein had settled on the idea that inertial phenomena, in particular, inertial forces should be a consequence of inductive gravitational effects. About 1960, five years after Einstein’s death, Carl Brans pointed out that Einstein had been mistaken in his “spectator matter” argument. He inferred that the EP prohibits the gravitational induction of inertia. I argue that while Brans’ argument is correct, the inference that inertia is not an inductive gravitational effect is not correct. If inertial forces are gravitationally induced, it should be possible to generate transient gravitational forces of practical levels in the laboratory. I present results of a experiment designed to produce such forces for propulsive purposes.
Pittsburgh and the Urban League Movement
Authors: Trotter Joe William , Gilbreath Dick
Published: September 2021

During the Great Migration, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, became a mecca for African Americans seeking better job opportunities, wages, and living conditions. The city's thriving economy and vibrant social and cultural scenes inspired dreams of prosperity and a new start, but this urban haven was not free of discrimination and despair. In the face of injustice, activists formed the Urban League of Pittsburgh (ULP) in 1918 to combat prejudice and support the city's growing African American population. In this broad-ranging history, Joe William Trotter Jr. uses this noteworthy branch of the National Urban League to provide new insights into an organization that has often faced criticism for its social programs' deep class and gender limitations. Surveying issues including housing, healthcare, and occupational mobility, Trotter underscores how the ULP -- often in concert with the Urban League's national headquarters -- bridged social divisions to improve the lives of black citizens of every class. He also sheds new light on the branch's nonviolent direct-action campaigns and places these powerful grassroots operations within the context of the modern Black Freedom Movement. The impact of the National Urban League is a hotly debated topic in African American social and political history. Trotter's study provides valuable new insights that demonstrate how the organization has relieved massive suffering and racial inequality in US cities for more than a century.
Harry Dean Stanton
Authors: Atkins Joseph B.
Published: September 2021

Harry Dean Stanton (1926--2017) got his start in Hollywood in TV productions such as Zane Grey Theater and Gunsmoke. After a series of minor parts in forgettable westerns, he gradually began to get film roles that showcased his laid-back acting style, appearing in Cool Hand Luke (1967), Kelly's Heroes (1970), The Godfather: Part II (1974), and Alien (1979). He became a headliner in the eighties -- starring in Wim Wenders's moving Paris, Texas (1984) and Alex Cox's Repo Man (1984) -- but it was his extraordinary skill as a character actor that established him as a revered cult figure and kept him in demand throughout his career. Joseph B. Atkins unwinds Stanton's enigmatic persona in the first biography of the man Vanity Fair memorialized as "the philosopher poet of character acting." He sheds light on Stanton's early life in West Irvine, Kentucky, exploring his difficult relationship with his Baptist parents, his service in the Navy, and the events that inspired him to drop out of college and pursue acting. Atkins also chronicles Stanton's early years in California, describing how he honed his craft at the renowned Pasadena Playhouse before breaking into television and movies. In addition to examining the actor's acclaimed body of work, Atkins also explores Harry Dean Stanton as a Hollywood legend, following his years rooming with Jack Nicholson, partying with David Crosby and Mama Cass, jogging with Bob Dylan, and playing poker with John Huston. "HD Stanton" was scratched onto the wall of a jail cell in Easy Rider (1969) and painted on an exterior concrete wall in Drive, He Said (1971). Critic Roger Ebert so admired the actor that he suggested the "Stanton-Walsh Rule," which states that "no movie featuring either Harry Dean Stanton or M. Emmet Walsh in a supporting role can be altogether bad." Harry Dean Stanton is often remembered for his crowd-pleasing roles in movies like Pretty in Pink (1986) or Escape from New York (1981), but this impassioned biography illuminates the entirety of his incredible sixty-year career. Drawing on interviews with the actor's friends, family, and colleagues, this much-needed book offers an unprecedented look at a beloved figure.