bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
2023 depremleri ve uzaktan eğitimin yükseköğretim öğrencilerinin psikolojik durumlarına etkisi
Authors: KOÇER Alp , KOÇAK Orhan
Published: January 2024

2023 depremleri sonrası üniversitelerde uzaktan eğitim kararı alınmış, literatürde hem depremin kişilerin üzerindeki olumsuz etkileriyle hem de 2020 yılında COVID-19 pandemisi nedeniyle de daha önceden uygulanmış olan uzaktan eğitimin kişilerin üzerindeki olumsuz etkileriyle ilgili araştırmalar yer almaktadır. Araştırmayla Türkiye’de 2023 yılındaki depremlerinin ve depremlerin sonrasında yükseköğretim için alınan uzaktan eğitim kararının yükseköğretim öğrencilerinin psikolojik durumları üzerindeki etkisinin olup olmadığı amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada Nicel Araştırma Desenlerinden biri olan Tarama Modeli Kullanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye’deki yüz-yüze eğitim alan yükseköğretim öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilere ulaşmak için araştırmada Basit-kasti örnekleme kullanmıştır. Araştırmada Deprem Sonrası Travma Düzeyini Belirleme Ölçeği, Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ve Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeğinin Anksiyete Faktörü Kullanmıştır. Araştırmaya 455 öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS 25 Amos 22 programlarıyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında yapılan analizler sonucunda deprem ve uzaktan eğitimin öğrencilerin psikolojik durumlarına anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu, uzaktan eğitimin öğrencilerin psikolojik durumlarına anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu ancak deprem travmalarına anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarıyla ilgili olarak hem uygulama hem de araştırma alanında önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Programlarındaki ders aidiyetlerinin incelenmesi
Authors: ÖNCÜ Sefa Emre , SÜRAL İrfan
Published: January 2024

Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Sisteminde (AÖS) ortak ders olarak birden fazla programda yer alan dersler mevcuttur. Yabancı Dil, Türk Dili vb. olan bu dersler, temel olarak bir programa ait olup başka programlarda da okutulmaktadır. Bu derslerin hangi program bünyesinde yürütülmesi gerektiği ile ilgili 2021-2022 öğretim yılından itibaren belirli kriterlere göre bir programa atanmasına yönelik aidiyet çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, programların ders aidiyetlerine göre incelenmesi ve bu aidiyetlerin öğrenenlere kayıt öncesi destek vermesi amaçlanmış olup bu amaç doğrultusunda öğrenenler için bir kayıt destek sisteminin geliştirilmesi planlanmıştır. Kayıt destek sisteminde bir programın ders ağırlığının nasıl olduğu, öğrenenin ilgisini çeken derslerin hangi programlarda okutulduğu gibi bilgilerin sunulmasına yönelik çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması ile desenlenmiş ve veriler, doküman analizi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri, Anadolu Üniversitesi AÖS’te ders aidiyeti uygulamasının yapıldığı 65 programdaki dersler ve bu derslerin aidiyetleri incelenerek elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre toplam 1.133 dersten 252’si birden fazla programda okutulurken 881 ders ise sadece bir programda okutulmaktadır. 43 ön lisans programında ders listesindeki derslerin aidiyet benzerlik oranı %48,64 iken lisans programlarında bu oran %56,25’tir. 65 programa göre bu oran %52,17’dir. Yaklaşık olarak her iki dersten birinin ders aidiyetinin başka programda olduğu ve seçmeli ders uygulaması bulunmadığı göz önünde bulundurulduğunda sunulacak kayıt destek sisteminin öğrenenlerin kayıt süreçlerini önemli ölçüde kolaylaştıracağı öngörülmektedir.
Yapay genel zekâ çağında öğretmen rolünün yeniden tanımlanması: öngörüler
Authors: YOLCU Hacı
Published: January 2024

Yapay genel zekânın (YGZ), endüstri devrimine benzer bir devrime neden olacağı kabul edilmekte ve yaşamımızı birçok yönden etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir. YGZ devrimi, sadece teknolojik gelişmeleri değil, aynı zamanda insanların bu değişime adapte olma sürecini içermektedir. Bu çalışma, YGZ’nın öğretmen rolüne yapabileceği muhtemel etkileri incelemektedir. YGZ, insan düzeyinde bilişsel yeteneklere sahip teknoloji olarak tanımlanmakta ve eğitim-öğretimde birçok kullanım alanına sahiptir. YGZ’nın öğretmen rollerine muhtemel etkilerini inceleyen yabancı literatürde sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Türkiye özelinde ise bu konuda herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışma, küresel ölçekte yeni bir teknolojik paradigma olan YGZ’nın eğitim-öğretim alanındaki muhtemel etkilerine dair anlayışımızı artırmak adına önemli bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, YGZ'nın kişiselleştirilmiş öğrenme ortamları oluşturma, öğrenci performansını izleme, eğitim-öğretim süreçlerini geliştirme ve eğitimde fırsat eşitliği sağlama konularında öğretmenlere destek olabileceği belirlenmiştir. YGZ kullanımında, kişisel veri gizliliği, algoritmik önyargı ve adil erişim gibi etik konuların önemi vurgulanmıştır. YGZ’nın eğitim-öğretim süreçlerinde sorumlu ve güvenli bir şekilde kullanılımının bir gereklilik olduğu üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu bağlamda, öğretmenlerin YGZ çağına etkili bir şekilde adapte olabilmeleri için nitelikli bir öğretmen eğitimi planının oluşturulması zorunluluğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
THE IMPACT OF WORKING IN A STATISTICAL COLLABORATION LABORATORY ON THE STATISTICS STUDENT COLLABORATORS
Authors: METZGER THOMAS A. , PRUITT TONYA R. , ALZEN JESSICA L. , TAYE GOSHU AYELE , VANCE ERIC A.
Published: January 2024

Graduate level statistics education curricula often emphasize technical instruction in theory and methodology but can fail to provide adequate practical training in applications and collaboration skills. We argue that a statistical collaboration center (“stat lab”) structured in the style of the University of Colorado Boulder’s Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Statistical Analysis (LISA) is an effective mechanism for providing graduate students with necessary training in technical, non-technical, and job-related skills. We summarize the operating structure of LISA, and then provide evidence of its positive impact on students via analyses of a survey completed by 123 collaborators who worked in LISA between 2008–15 while it was housed at Virginia Tech. Students described their work in LISA as having had a positive impact on acquiring technical (94%) and non-technical (95%) statistics skills. Five-sixths (83%) of the students reported that these skills will or have helped them advance in their careers. We call for the integration of stat labs into statistics and data science programs as part of a comprehensive and modern statistics education, and for further research on students’ experience in these labs and the impact on student outcomes.
“My Values Keep Me Well… Would They Help Other People?”: A Thematic Analysis Exploring the Values and Values-Based Behaviours of People Facing Severe and Multiple Disadvantage
Authors: Buckley Sophie , Tickle Anna , Eagle Robert , Dawson David L
Published: January 2024

Individuals facing Severe and Multiple Disadvantage (SMD) have experience of at least three of the following: homelessness, substance use, mental illness, offending, and domestic violence. There is a push towards providing better support for people facing SMD and yet little research on what the “best” support looks like. Values motivate behaviour across various contexts, and helping an individual identify their values can lead to greater enactment of positive behavioural change. This study aimed to identify and explore the values of people facing SMD, the barriers and facilitators to enacting these values, and the perceived helpfulness of service provision in encouraging values-based behaviour or change. Twelve participants took part in semi-structured interviews. Reflexive thematic analysis resulted in four themes: values are idiosyncratic and interconnected; the benefits of value identification and enactment; the risks and challenges of value identification and enactment; and the relationship between values and support. Results offer preliminary evidence for the potential use of values in providing helpful, person-centered support for people facing SMD. Values work could arguably be integrated into any level of support for those facing SMD to support values-based living and change. Further research on the use and efficacy of values-focused interventions in SMD is needed.
Where is Homelessness? When is Homelessness? Chronotopic Analysis of OECD Narratives of the Homelessness through Space, Time, and Body
Authors: Abdalreza Zadeh Mohammad , Cucuzzella Carmela , Graham John R. , Javedani Ali
Published: January 2024

Defining homelessness clearly without reducing the problem's complexity helps governments frame effective and conscious policies. There is a growing need for a theoretical framework that explores the common ground and generative structure among broad narratives about homelessness. In this article, we propose that Bakhtin’s (1981) concept of chronotope has excellent potential to achieve this goal. Chronotopes help us understand how time, space, and body configurations are represented in language and discourse for recognizing various situations and personas. Chronotope also enables us to reveal the assumptions and perspectives behind the narrative. Using a chronotopic lens, we analyzed  narrations of homelessness from national governments and international organizations of 38 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries. The findings reveal the dynamism, diversity, and assortment of dimensions related to time, space, and body in the analyzed narratives and highlight five main perspectives viewing homelessness as an issue of security, vulnerability, quantification, inclusivity, and human rights. The results of this analysis will guide upcoming research in two primary areas: investigating varied measurement methodologies for assessing different aspects of time, space, and body and scrutinizing how distinct attitudes towards homelessness impact policymaking and development processes.
The Politics of Prevention and Government Responses to Homelessness
Authors: Nichols Naomi , Cullingham Sarah , Malenfant Jayne
Published: January 2024

Recently, the logic of public health prevention has found a foothold in research and advocacy about homelessness. From a commonsense perspective, the prevention of a social problem like homelessness is an objectively positive aim. However, in the realm of social and health policy, the concept of prevention is not simply a common-sense word. It is part of a wider set of rationalities and technologies of governance which operate in and through the institution of public health. Research demonstrates that state-driven interventions designed to advance the health of a population often pose problems for particular groups. Prevention efforts, and their differential effects, thus have the potential to illuminate how state-interventions pursued with the objective of safe-guarding the public in general may simultaneously exacerbate specific structural and systemic forms of inequality. In this article, we probe the ethical, empirical, and political dimensions of state-driven responses to the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) public health crisis, surfacing some of the ways these interventions posed problems for people who are homeless and experience intersecting health and socio-political disparities. From this vantage point, we then look critically at moves to frame homelessness as a public health crisis, as well as government efforts to prevent homelessness by drawing on public health rationalities. Although our focus is homelessness prevention, as constructed and pursued by governments, our analysis is inspired by critical public health scholarship that challenges the apparent impartiality of prevention as a central logic and set of practices in public health contexts.
Assessing the Influence of Renewable Energy Sources on CO2 Emissions: New Insights from Pakistan
Authors: Zafar Muhammad Ali , Bhatti Muhammad Azhar , Nawaz Muhammad Atif , Ahmad Tusawar Iftikhar
Published: January 2024

In today's global landscape, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in developing nations such as Pakistan. This knowledge is vital in informing effective policymaking and promoting sustainable development. This study investigates the impact of renewable energy (RE) on environmental degradation in Pakistan from 1990 to 2021. This study utilized the renowned ARDL econometrics to analyze the impact of renewable energy consumption (REC), economic growth (EG), trade (TR), financial development (FD), energy consumption (EC) and FDI on carbon emission. The study's findings confirm the presence of a hypothesis in the case of Pakistan. Additionally, the results indicate that certain factors have a negative impact on carbon emissions while others have a positive impact. The study's findings indicate that embracing renewable energy sources, enhancing energy efficiency, and enacting legislative measures to decrease CO2 emissions are the most effective strategies for tackling climate change. Additionally, the study proposed that policymakers should prioritize encouraging and supporting using renewable energy sources in Pakistan. This involves establishing a conducive environment for investment in renewable energy projects, providing financial support, and promoting research and development in the renewable energy sector.
Unavoidability in U.S. Privacy Law
Authors: Moy Laura
Published: January 2024

Why is U.S. privacy law structured the way it is, with a series of sectoral laws rather than a cross-sectoral law or laws? Why does U.S. privacy law protect information shared in certain contexts—such as information shared with an attorney, a healthcare provider, or a financial provider—rather than particular types of information? One possibility is that sectoral laws apply to contexts in which people typically share highly “sensitive” information containing intimate secrets or with the potential to harm them financially or psychologically.

But this Article argues that there is something else at play—that in fact, an under-discussed and underappreciated factor has been a key consideration throughout the history of U.S. privacy law: the unavoidability of information sharing. Tracing the development of several areas of sectoral U.S. privacy law over time, this Article shows that as society changed and contexts emerged in which individuals increasingly found they could not avoid sharing information about themselves with other parties, policymakers repeatedly responded by ratcheting up the privacy protections for information shared in those specific contexts.

Taking the discussion of unavoidability into the modern era, this Article ties the tradition of unavoidability consideration in U.S. privacy law to lawmakers’ current struggle to craft comprehensive privacy legislation. Recent years have seen widespread recognition that the sectoral approach is no longer adequate in the modern information economy. But legislators struggle to decide whether it is sufficient to focus on facilitating individuals’ control over their data—as U.S. privacy law historically has strived to do—or whether the law should more directly restrict the use of data in certain ways or for certain purposes. This Article argues that the current privacy legislation struggle, and the types of innovative legislative provisions being proposed, can be better explained with the aid of unavoidability analysis
Pengaruh Lebar Albumen, Tinggi Albumen, dan Indeks Albumen terhadap Haugh Unit Telur Ayam Ras
Authors: Rhamadhini Putri Ayu , Garnida Dani , Rahmat Dedi
Published: January 2024

Peningkatan nilai Haugh unit agar kualitas telur semakin baik dapat dilakukan dengan meninjau faktor yang berkorelasi dengan Haugh unit diantaranya lebar albumen, tinggi albumen dan indeks albumen. Adanya hubungan sebab-akibat menandakan adanya jalur pengaruh yang dapat diukur berapa besarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi dan besar pengaruh lebar albumen, tinggi albumen, dan indeks albumen terhadap Haugh unit telur ayam ras. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode korelasional dan sampel diambil secara purposive sampling dari 300 butir telur ayam ras segar dengan kriteria keutuhan kerabang dan keseragaman bobot telur KV 10%, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisa jalur. Hasil analisis menunjukkan lebar albumen (X1) berkorelasi negatif dengan Haugh unit sebesar -0,554, sedangkan tinggi albumen (X2) dan indeks albumen (X3) berkorelasi positif, masing-masing sebesar 0,949 dan 0,936 (P<0,01). Tinggi albumen memiliki pengaruh paling tinggi terhadap nilai Haugh unit yaitu sebesar 74,39%. Adapun lebar albumen dan indeks albumen memiliki pengaruh lebih rendah, masing-masing sebesar 7,70% dan 10,95%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya korelasi antara lebar albumen, tinggi albumen dan indeks albumen dengan Haugh unit, dimana tinggi albumen paling besar pengaruhnya terhadap nilai Haugh unit.
VIABILITAS POST EKUILIBRASI DAN RECOVERY RATE SPERMATOZOA SAPI SIMMENTAL DENGAN PENAMBAHAN LAKTOSA DAN SUKROSA DALAM PENGENCER ANDROMEDÂ®
Authors: Syaifullah Farhan , Khaeruddin Khaeruddin , Agus Agus , Mangalisu Azmi , Faridah Rajmi , Farida Sitti , Junaedi Junaedi
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi penambahan laktosa dan sukrosa dalam pengencer AndroMed terhadap viabilitas spermatozoa sapi Simmental post-ekuilibrasi dan recovery rate. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 7 taraf perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Taraf perlakuan yang digunakan adalah semen cair yang ditambahkan masing-masing sukrosa 0, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8%, dan laktosa 0.4, 0.6, 0.8% . Koleksi semen menggunakan vagina buatan, kemudian diencerkan sesuai perlakuan, dan dikemas dalam straw dengan konsentrasi minimal 25 juta spermatozoa setiap straw. Straw diekuilibrasi 2 jam pada suhu 5 oC, dilanjutkan tahap pre-freezing, freezing, dan thawing pada suhu 37 oC selama 30 detik. Parameter yang diamati adalah karakteristik semen segar, viabilitas spermatozoa post ekuilibrasi dan recovery rate.Â  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sukrosa dan laktosa dengan konsentrasi berbeda dalam pengencer AndroMedÂ® berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap viabilitas spermatozoa setelah ekulibrasi dan recovery rate. Persentase laktosa 0.4-0.6% menghasilkan viabilitas spermatozoa tertinggi, sedangkan Recovery rate tidak berbeda antara kontrol dengan penambahan sukrosa dan laktosa kecuali laktosa 0.8% yang menghasilkan nilai terendah.
Enhancing Heart Disease Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Classic Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Mulyani Sri Hasta , Wijaya Nurhadi , Trinidya Fike
Published: January 2024

This study addresses the problem of heart disease detection, a critical concern in public health. The research aims to compare the performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with conventional machine learning algorithms in diagnosing heart disease using a dataset comprising 14 features. The primary objective is to determine whether CNNs can provide more accurate and reliable results than traditional techniques. The research employs rigorous preprocessing, normalizing relevant features, and splits the dataset into an 80-20 training-testing split. The model is trained for 300 epochs with a batch size of 64, and performance evaluation is conducted using confusion matrices and classification reports. The results reveal that the CNN model achieved a remarkable accuracy of 100%, demonstrating its potential to outperform conventional machine learning algorithms. These findings emphasize the significance of deep learning techniques in improving heart disease diagnostics, although further research is needed to optimize CNN models and address interpretability concerns for practical implementation in healthcare settings.
Impact of Transport and Communication Capital Expenditure on Economic Growth in Nigeria, 1986-2022
Authors: A. O. Oladipo , Z. S. Saheed , C. I. Egwaikhide , A. A. Alexander
Published: January 2024

One of the major impediments to the improvement of the transport and communication sector is inadequate capital spending. Despite the readiness of the government to upgrade the critical infrastructures, there still exist huge infrastructural deficits in Nigeria. Based on these, this study examines the impact of government capital expenditure on transport and communication on economic growth in Nigeria between 1986 and 2021. The study employed autoregressive distributed lag model as the method of analysis and the result reveals that in the long run, government capital expenditure on transport and communication (CEXTRC) with a coefficient value of 0.019, commercial banks’ credit to the transport and communication sector (CBCTRC) with a value of 0.025 and government revenue (GOVR) with a value of 0.065 have positive and significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The results also reveal that the inflation rate (INFR) with value of -0.16 has a negative and insignificant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The short run result found that CEXTRC with value of 0.02, CBCTRC with a value of 0.04, GOVR with a value of 0.21 all have positive and significant impact on economic growth. INFR however shows a negative impact with a coefficient value of -0.28. The study therefore recommends that the government should prioritize the transport and communication sector by allocating more funds in order to provide good transport and communication systems such as railways, roads, waterways, internet, highways and so on. These would help to reduce costs of production, improve better accessibility to markets, create businesses and employment opportunities which will have a multiplier effect on economic growth, by enhancing it.
Diagnostic Values of SARS-COV-2 Antibodies using Lifotronic ECL-8000
Authors: Kartika Syamsuddin Ihda , Wardhani Puspa , Aryati Aryati
Published: January 2024

One of the most definitive diagnostic tests for COVID-19 infection is rRT-PCR. Another modality developed to diagnose COVID-19 infection is the antibody (serological) assay. This essay can be performed quickly and easily but requires high sensitivity and specificity. This study aims to analyze the diagnostic values of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG using Lifotronic ECL-8000 and the development of antibodies based on time after the onset of the symptoms of COVID-19 in patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. The serum of the patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection by rRT-PCR was collected between day 1 and day 21 after the onset of the symptoms. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG from each sample were measured using Lifotronic ECL-8000 to determine their sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV. This assay detects IgM against SARS-CoV-2 N and SRBD proteins, as well as IgG against SARS-CoV-2 SRBD proteins. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM serological assays using Lifotronic ECL-8000 indicated that IgM had 91.6% sensitivity, 87.03% specificity, 90.4% PPV, and 88.67% NPV. Meanwhile, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG serological assays using Lifotronic ECL-8000 showed that IgG had 93.05% sensitivity, 88.88% specificity, 91.78% PPV, and 90.56% NPV. The development of antibodies was observed on days 0-7 after the onset of the symptoms, and the positivity rate of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM was higher than that of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. Starting from day 8 after the onset of the symptoms, the positivity rate of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG increased and remained higher than that of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM. It was concluded that anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG serological assays using Lifotronic ECL-8000 could be utilized to support the diagnosis of patients with suspected COVID-19 infection with high sensitivity and specificity.
Antibacterial activity of Seaweed extracts against human pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Selvi Vaithiyanathan , Arivoli Subramanian , Tennyson Samuel
Published: January 2024

Seaweeds are screened extensively for their activity against human bacterial pathogens. In the present study, the petroleum ether, butanol, chloroform, acetone and methanol extracts of seaweed species, viz., Caulerpa racemosa, Padina gymnospora, Sargassum wightii and Ulva fasciata were investigated for their antibacterial properties by well diffusion method against human pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans). Preliminary qualitative analysis on the chemical constituents of the twenty seaweed crude extracts revealed the predominant presence of phenols and tannins. Antibacterial activity of the seaweed extracts were represented by zone of inhibition. The order of maximum antibacterial activity (represented by very strong zone of inhibition) was exhibited by Padina gymnospora petroleum ether extract against Staphylococcus aureus (23.6mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.6mm), and its butanol extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.5mm). From the overall results of the present study, it was observed that Padina gymnospora extracts exhibited maximum antibacterial activity, attributed to the presence of the active chemical constituents, especially phenols and tannins. Further in depth studies are recommended, as Padina gymnospora extracts could serve as an additional implement to natural antibacterial agents.
Synthesis and Antidepressant Evaluation of Heteroaromatic derivatives of Gallic Acid
Authors: Chaurasia Jagrati , Mishra Richa , Mishra Brijeshkunvar
Published: January 2024

Oxidative stress is a causative factor of depression and several studies have reported that gallic acid or the derivatives thereof had proven to be effective in displaying antidepressant like action in animal models. Owing to the antioxidant property of GA and the study of structural features it was hypothesized to design new small molecule antidepressant drugs based on GA containing piperazine/piperidine. The two step reaction involved the formation of acid chloride of GA and its conversion to the target compounds in presence of acetone. All the compounds were subjected to evaluation of antidepressant effect using the widely used TST and FST models in mice at dose of 40mg/kg intraperitoneally. The synthesized compounds 2b, 2c and 2e were able to reduce the immobility time in both the models as comparable to the reference compound fluoxetine (10mg/kg) while compounds 2a and 2d were not very significant in reducing the immobility of mice.
Phytochemical and Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Kodiveli Churnam - A Polyherbal Siddha Formulation
Authors: Saravana L Janani , E N T Vikram , R Arunadevi , M Logamanian , K Balagurusami
Published: January 2024

Kodiveli Churnam is a traditional Siddha formulation made up of Plumbago zeylanica, Pongamia pinnata, Chukrasia tabularis, Piper longum, Brassica juncea, Nigella sativa, Zingiber officinalis and Terminalia chebula. The formulation has been studied using the macroscopic, microscopic, TLC/HPTLC techniques. The pharmacognostical studies revealed the presence of specific characteristic features of the raw drugs. The HPTLC fingerprinting was derived using a specific solvent system which could capture majority of the phytoconstituents of this drug. It is concluded that the formulation of Kodiveli churnam, the HPTLC fingerprinting and microscopic characteristics can be used to validate the preparation and authenticity of the formulation.
Exploration of aflatoxigenic potential and seed colonization of Aspergillus flavus in sunflower
Authors: Verma Patel Vikas , Kumar Saurabh , Prasad Nagendra
Published: January 2024

Aflatoxin, a mycotoxin found commonly in maize, peanuts, and sunflower worldwide, is associated with liver cancer, acute toxicosis, and growth impairment in humans and animals. In India, sunflower seeds are a source of snacks, cooking oil, and animal feed. These seeds are a potential source of aflatoxin contamination. However, reports on aflatoxin contamination in sunflower seeds and cakes are scarce. The objective of the current study was to determine the potential of Aspergillus flavus and total aflatoxin concentrations in sunflower seeds and cakes from small-scale oil processors in Rohilkhand region of Uttar Pradesh. 126 cultures of Aspergillus flavus were obtained from sunflower kernels, which showed wide variation in their cultural characters. Colour of conidial heads being a stable character was used to divide them into four groups out of which two representative isolates each, based on minimum and maximum number of sclerotia cm-2 of the culture medium were selected. Aflatoxin production by an isolate had positive correlation with the sclerotia production. These results can help in identifying the potent of A. flavus isolates for aflatoxin production and developing proper management strategies. In summary, humans and animals are potentially at high risk of exposure to aflatoxins through sunflower seeds and cakes from micro-scale millers in India and location influences risk.
Co-administration of Adapalene loaded Nanostructured lipid carriers and Vitamin-E for management of acne
Authors: Kumar Jain Amit , Mehta Parul
Published: January 2024

The present work is aimed to design, develop and characterize a novel nanostructured lipid carrier system based formulation for selective and customized delivery of adapalene and Vit-E for effective management of acne vulgaris. Adapalene loaded nanostructured lipid carriers were developed by modified melt dispersion ultrasonication technique, followed by cooling and high speed mechanical stirring. Principally in the process glyceryl tristearin was used as solid lipid and oleic acid as liquid lipid, phospholipid 90G was used as surfactant and carbopol was used as gelling material. The prepared nanocarriers were characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and in-vitro drug release study. The particle size of optimized carrier was reported as 219.8nm. TEM analysis was also performed to assure particle size and shape of carrier system. Entrapment efficiency of optimized formulation was above 87.4%. The drug release from carrier have shown dual biphasic release pattern firstly the drug release rate was rapid which showed initial burst release pattern and subsequently sustained release pattern was observed which is required in treatment of acne. Then prepared and optimized formulation was subjected to skin permeation study in male Wistar rats. Formulation was also characterized for skin distribution study, skin irritation study and stability study of gel. So it was concluded in our research that this novel carrier system having adapalene and Vit-E can be a very innovative alternate of conventional antiacne therapy. In our research, drug is localized in superficial skin layer and systemic penetration of drug was avoided. Further, concrete research can open new avenues in antiacne treatment.
Antibacterial activity of Rosa damascene petals mill extracts
Authors: Kaddar Rafah , Hasan Nouma , Al-diab Dima
Published: January 2024

Infectious diseases are one of the major common problems facing the world. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are two causes of infectious diseases and are considered as multi drug resistance pathogens. There is a continuing need for the discovery of new agents to overcome antibiotic resistance. Plants used in traditional medicine comprise several components which can serve as alternative candidates. Of these components, phenolic compounds, a secondary plant metabolite, account for antibacterial activity of many plants. Rosa damascena, traditionally used for its several therapeutic properties, is highly rich of phenolic compounds. In this in vitro study, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the Rosa damascene petals mill were prepared and the phenolic content was determined. The extracts were tested for antibacterial activity using the disk diffusion method and the broth microdilution method for MIC determination. The extracts were able to inhibit the growth of studying pathogens. Staphylococcus aureus was more sensitive to Rosa damascena aqueous extract with a MIC of 0.28×103µg/ml and inhibitory zone of 17.33±0.85mm. On the contrary, Escherichia coli was more sensitive to Rosa damascene ethanolic extract with a MIC of 0.2×103µg/ml and inhibitory zone of 16.33±1.15mm. The results suggest the antibacterial activity of the Rosa damascena mill.
Histochemical Analysis of The Aerial part of Ferula songarica growing in the Territory of the Karaganda Region (Central Kazakhstan)
Authors: Zh. A. Turdiyeva , M. Yu. Ishmuratova , G. A. Atazhanova , A. Ramazanova
Published: January 2024

Histochemical analysis of medicinal plants and raw materials is necessary to study the localization of various chemical substances and their metabolic products in plant tissues. The article presents the results of histochemical analysis of leaves, flowers, stems, fruits, and roots of Ferula songarica. Since ancient times, Ferula has been used in folk medicine by native people of Central Asia, Iran, China, India, etc. to treat various diseases. Aim. Identifying the localization of specific individual secondary metabolites in plant tissues of the aerial and underground parts of Ferula songarica grown in the Karaganda region. Materials and methods. Ferula songarica raw material samples were placed in Strauss-Fleming solution; the tissue cross-sections were sliced manually with a razor blade Histochemical reactions were carried out to detect and to identify essential oils, starch, phenolic acids, flavonoids, sesquiterpene lactones, polysaccharides, and alkaloids. The methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Kazakhstan allowed revealing the localization of biologically active substances. Micropreparations were viewed with a Biomed-4 microscope and photographed with the Altamy Studio Program. Results. Light microscopic histochemistry allowed determining the localization of biologically active substances in the studied plant raw materials. The presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, sesquiterpene lactones, polysaccharides, alkaloids, and essential oils as well as the absence of starch were established. Conclusion. For the first time, the histochemical tests were applied to examine the localization of Ferula songarica tissues’ secondary metabolites. The results of the histochemical research can be used to authenticate, identify, and standardize the aerial and underground parts of Ferula songarica.
Antiviral activity and Hepatoprotection of Hylocereuspolyrhizus peel extract
Authors: Wahdaningsih Sri , Rizkifani Shoma , Kartika Untari Eka , Yap Intan , Rafly Agustriangga Muhammad , Rasyada Asmara Amrina , Nur Huda Alfian
Published: January 2024

Degenerative diseases of the liver cause cirrhosis and liver cancer morbidity and lead to death. Efforts to prevent a person’s condition with disorders of the liver through antiviral and hepatoprotective agents are necessary to suppress the progression of liver disease through materials that have the potential as anti-degenerative. Dragon fruit extract which is one of the tropical fruits included in the Cactaceae tribe; can increase phagocytosis, the number of cells, and the total number of leukocytes and affect the relative weight of the spleen. Currently, there has been no scientific publication on the antihepatitic activity of red dragon fruit peel (Hylocereuspolyrhizus) and prototype preparation products for standardized herbs. The long-term goal of the research is to determine the anti-degenerative potential of red dragon fruit peel extract through its hepatoprotective and antiviral properties, safety, and standardization of the extract into a standardized herbal medicine. The research method was The Randomize Posttest-only Control Group Design using 25 male rats which were divided into 5 groups. The outcome recognized a good hepatoprotection activity from red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereuspolyrhizus) as indicated by decreased levels of SGPT and SGOT, and histopathological observation, but rather weak activity on HCV (Hepatitis C Virus). Based on the results of reading the SGPT and SGOT analysis data, it can be concluded that the effective dose to provide a hepatoprotective effect is a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight.
Pharmacokinetic assessment of Natural Anticancer Berberine Chloride in presence and absence of some Herbal Bioenhancers in rabbit model
Authors: B. Narade Sarika , V. Pore Yogesh
Published: January 2024

The present study investigated the influence of pretreatment of herbal bioenhancers quercetin, curcumin and piperine, separately on pharmacokinetic profile of berberine chloride (BBC) in rabbit model. Initially, ex-vivo permeability studies were conducted to optimize the batches of drug and bioenhancer combinations, wherein, the optimized batches were subjected for in-vivo pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits via single oral dose. All experimental procedures on animals were conducted according to the CPCSEA guidelines. The collection of blood samples were done at predetermined time intervals appropriately processed and analyzed by HPLC method. The data were processed using software and pharmacokinetic parameters (AUC, Cmax, Tmax, Kel) of BBC were obtained. The results showed that piperine exhibited strongest bioenhancing effect on BBC absorption as compared to quercetin and curcumin. The Cmax of BBC was increased by 626.53%, 401.86% and 168.60% for piperine, quercetin and curcumin optimized batches, respectively, with notable reduction in Tmax as compared to BBC (Control). These bioenhancers showed outstanding enhancement in the pharmacokinetic profile of BBC. BBC has been reported to be P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate, exhibiting extremely poor bioavailability, which could be successfully overcome by pre-treatment with bioenhancers, attributed to bioenhancer mediated inhibition of the P-gp efflux pump and drug metabolizing enzymes. This improvement in bioavailability and other pharmacokinetic parameters of BBC in presence of bioenhancers would be expected to reduce dose, dosing frequency and toxicity of BBC, thereby contributing improved patient compliance. Thus, it could be concluded that, pre-treatment of herbal bioenhancers could be an effective approach to improve pharmacokinetics of drug like molecules.
Flutamide Alters Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative stress in Experimental Model of Autism
Authors: Mirza Roohi , Sharma Poonam , Kulkarni G T. , Sharma Bhupesh
Published: January 2024

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder withcomplex etiology and phenotypes. Many clinical and pre-clinical study have demonstrated the association of propionic acid (PPA) with ASD. This study evaluates the potential effect of flutamide (2mg/kg and 4mg/kg, ip) in PPA induced ASD phenotype. PPA (250 mg/kg, po) was administered to Albino Wistar rats from post-natal day (PND) 21st to 23rd to induce ASD like neurobehavioral and neurobiochemical alterations. Animals were experimented for behavioral (open field, hole board apparatus, grooming) and biochemical parameters (TNF-α, IL-6, TBARS, and GSH). Post-natal PPA exposure resulted in hyperlocomotion, decreased exploratory activity as well as increased repetitive behavior in animals. Flutamide (2mg/kg and 4mg/kg, ip) administration rectifiedpost-natal PPA exposed behavioral and biochemical alterations in animals.
Evaluation of Nutritional and Antinutritional Components of Basella rubra Leaf and Stem Pod in the Management of Phosphate Lithiasis
Authors: Sivaramakumar Navanita , Nanda G Gokul , Govindan Ramu , S Palanisamy Dhanabal
Published: January 2024

The present work is targeted to evaluate nutritive phytochemicals, mineral elements, antinutrients, and invitro litholytic property of leaf and stem pod of Basella rubra (B. rubra) belonging to family Basilaceae by weight reduction assay. The study's findings show that the extractsof both the plant parts possess considerable invitro litholytic activity. The higher amount of phytochemicals, mineral elements, and lower amount of antinutrients may correspond to their greater litholytic activity.
Diabetic Mellitus as a Predisposing factor in enhancing infections by Candida species and their Antifungal susceptibilities
Authors: S. Mahmoud Imad , I. Altaif Khalil , M. Wayyes Abdulrasool , Al – Jewari Watheq Mohammed , A. Hailat Iyad , F. Dababneh Moeen
Published: January 2024

Diabetic mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic degenerative disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Candidiasis is increased substantially worldwide over decades and is considered to be one of the causes of morbidity and mortality especially in diabetic patients due to long term complications, and becoming among the largest emerging threats to the public health in the 21 stcentury. The present study is designed to study different candida species isolated from different sources of diabetic patients and to examine their susceptibility to different antifungal drugs. The role of gender,age and obesity in increasing the incidence of candidiasis among groups of diabetic patients has also been examined. Among 300 specimens collected from different sources of diabetic patients 122(40.67%) showed positive results of different candida species from which C. albicans is the most common isolate 46(37.7%) while the least are those of C. parapsillosis 18(14.75%). Antifungal susceptibility of the isolated candida species showed that C. albicans is highly resistant to all of the antifungal drugs used in this study namely fluconazole, Echinocandine and vericonzazole. The least resistant to these drugs is C. glabrata. Interestingly males have higher isolates in both types of DM than females and that there is no significant role of age and body weight in the occurrence of candidiasis
Study of Anticonvulsant effect of Simvastatin in Maximal Electroshock and Pentylenetetrazole Induced Seizure Model In Albino Mice
Authors: G. Kamath Sangita , Patil Rajani , Patil Umakant
Published: January 2024

Epilepsy is a common neurological condition aﬀecting people of all ages and both sexes. Most of the currently used antiepileptic drugs have neurotoxic and teratogenic effects. There are scanty reports of anticonvulsant activity with statins. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anticonvulsant effect of simvastatin using MES and PTZ models in mice and compare it with the standard drugs phenytoin and diazepam respectively.64 albino mice of either sex weighing 25-35g were divided into 8 groups of 8 mice each – 4 group each for MES and PTZ model. In MES model, seizures were induced via trans auricular electrodes with a current of 80mA for 0.2 second. Each mouse was pretreated with drugs 30 minutes before in both models. The different groups 1 to 4 were administered polyethylene glycol (0.5ml/Kg), phenytoin (20mg/kg), simvastatin (10mg/Kg) and simvastatin (20mg/Kg) respectively. In PTZ model, seizures were induced by giving PTZ 80mg/Kg. The different groups 5 to 8 were administered polyethylene glycol (0.5ml/Kg), diazepam (2mg/kg), simvastatin (10mg/Kg) and simvastatin (20mg/Kg) respectively. Statistical analysis was doneby ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc analysis for group wise comparison. Results indicated that the anticonvulsant effect of simvastatin (10 and 20mg/Kg) was comparable to phenytoin in the MES model. In the PTZ model, simvastatin (10mg/Kg) produced a reduction in seizure duration but did not provide seizure protection as compared to that of the diazepam. The present study demonstrated the anticonvulsant effect of simvastatin. Further studies may explore the potential of this as an add-on drug in patients with dyslipidemia and epilepsy.
Screening and Optimization Method of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Extracts from Phyllanthus niruri by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction
Authors: Yulianita Yulianita , Rusli Zaldy , R. Monica Helen
Published: January 2024

In general, organic solvents are used to attract active compounds in Pyllanthusniruri leaves, including phyllanthin compounds which have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, nephroprotective, and anticancer activities. Organic solvents are known to have a negative impact on the surrounding environment because they contain toxic residues, cause chemical changes in the extract, and make it difficult to degrade waste, resulting in increased pollution. This study aims to screen several organic acids combined with ChCl and determine the conditions of the extraction method in the form of the effect of the ratio of NADES to water (%), extraction time (minutes), and extraction temperature (℃) to obtain the highest phylantin content in the extract of P. nirurileaves. Testing for the content of philanthine compounds was carried out using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The results obtained the best combination of Choline Chloride-Oxalic Acid with optimum extraction conditions at an extraction temperature of 25℃ within 30minutes with a 90% NADES solvent ratio of 61.36±0.59mg/g. Based on this research, it is also known that NADES can extract more philanthine compounds than using ethanol as a solvent.
A CIDADE EM JOGO: EFEITOS SOCIAIS E URBANOS DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS NAS COPAS DE 1950 E 2014
Authors: Souza Rogerio , Santos Felipe
Published: January 2024

The main objective of this article is to describe and analyze how the construction of sports equipment was carried out to meet the demands of mega sporting events, such as the Football World Cup and the Olympics. Thus, we seek to think about the results of public policies that aimed to establish new forms of sociability in urban space in the city of Rio de Janeiro to the detriment of mega-events. The hypothesis presented in this work is based on the idea that government rearrangements aimed to meet a demand from international capital, taking the city as a commodity. To do this, we start with a comparative analysis between the 1950 and 2014 World Cups. This article is inserted in the context of studies on the city, football and mega sporting events. Part of these studies demonstrate that the construction of sports arenas emerges as a tactic for producing new spaces of sociability under the control of a transnational entity, FIFA. The results are interference with the sovereignty of public policies, in urban, national and local spaces, generating a set of controversies between the effective demands of the population and the interest of international capital.
UM OLHO NA TELA OUTRO NO CRIME: RELAÇÕES DE SOCIABILIDADE ENTRE CRIME E ESTADO A PARTIR DO DOCUMENTÁRIO DOUTOR CASTOR
Authors: Silva Afranio , Seixas Breno
Published: January 2024

This work has as its main objective to discuss the interface between crime and the State in the light of the documentary produced Doctor Castor. To this end, the documentary is taken as a case study, capable of revealing the social, economic and symbolic dimensions surrounding crime. In this framework, crime and the State are seen as spheres, not opposites, but rather, they transact, dialogue and cooperate. In this interpretative key, the article understands the idea of political merchandise as the element capable of operating the relationship between illegal / illegal.