bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immune cell infiltration characteristics and related core genes in lupus nephritis: results from bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Cao Yiling , Tang Weihao , Tang Wanxin
Published: September 2019

Background Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus that presents a high risk of end-stage renal disease. In the present study, we used CIBERSORT and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of gene expression profiles to identify immune cell infiltration characteristics and related core genes in LN.
Results Datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus, GSE32591 and GSE113342, were downloaded for further analysis. The GSE32591 dataset, which included 32 LN glomerular biopsy tissues and 14 glomerular tissues from living donors, was analyzed by CIBERSORT. Different immune cell types in LN were analyzed by the Limma software. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis based on GSEA were performed by clusterProfiler software. Lists of core genes were derived from Spearman correlation between the most significant GO term and differentially expressed immune cell gene from CIBERSORT. GSE113342 was employed to validate the association between selected core genes and clinical manifestation. Five types of immune cells revealed important associations with LN, and monocytes emerged as having the most prominent differences. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that immune response pathways are significantly enriched in LN. The Spearman correlation indicated that 15 genes, including FCER1G, CLEC7A, MARCO, CLEC7A, PSMB9, and PSMB8 , were closely related to clinical features.
Conclusions This study is the first to identify immune cell infiltration with microarray data of glomeruli in LN by using CIBERSORT analysis and provides novel evidence and clues for further research of the molecular mechanisms of LN.
Brain SegNet: 3D Local Refinement Network for Brain Lesion Segmentation
Authors: Hu Xiaojun , Luo Weijian , Hu Jiliang , Guo Sheng , Huang Weilin , Scott Matthew R. , Wiest Roland , Dahlweid Michael , Reyes Mauricio
Published: September 2019

MR images (MRI) accurate segmentation of brain lesions is important for improving cancer diagnosis, surgical planning, and prediction of outcome. However, manual and accurate segmentation of brain lesions from 3D MRIs is highly
expensive, time-consuming, and prone to user biases. We present an efficient yet conceptually simple brain segmentation network (referred as Brain SegNet), which is a 3D residual framework for automatic voxel-wise segmentation of brain lesion. Our model is able to directly predict dense voxel segmentation of brain tumor or ischemic stroke regions in 3D brain MRIs. The proposed 3D segmentation network can run at about 0.5s per MRIs - about 50 times faster than previous approaches [1,2]. Our model is evaluated on the BRATS 2015 benchmark for brain tumor segmentation, where it obtains state-of-the-art results, by surpassing recently published results reported in [1,2]. We further applied the proposed Brain SegNet for ischemic stroke lesion outcome prediction, with impressive results achieved on the Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation (ISLES) 2017 database.
Short and Long-term Barriers and Facilitators of SSE Among Individuals with Melanoma
Authors: Coroiu Adina , Moran Chelsea , Bergeron Catherine , Drapeau Martin , Wang Beatrice , Kezouh Abbas , Ernst Jochen , Batist Gerald , Körner Annett
Published: September 2019

Background Melanoma can be lethal if not detected early and treated. Early detection can be facilitated via skin self-examination (SSE) and as such, SSE is part of melanoma follow-up care for individuals with a prior history, who face a life-long risk of reoccurrence. The objective of the current study was to identify short- and long-term predictors of SSE among melanoma survivors to inform future prevention interventions in high-risk groups. Method This is an observational study with longitudinal assessments conducted with adult melanoma patients in active follow-up care. Primary Outcome Measures: Behavioral outcomes, comprehensive SSE (checking up to 5 body areas in the last 3 months) and optimal SSE (checking the entire body at least monthly in the last 3 months) and were assessed at 3, 12, and 24 months post a dermatological educational session on skin cancer prevention. T tests and chi square analyses were used to examine changes in outcomes from 3 to 12 and 24 months. Linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association between predictors and the primary outcomes. Results Comprehensive SSE did not decrease significantly from 3 (M=2.7, SD=1.1) to 12 (M=2.6, SD=1.2) and 24 months (M=2.4, SD=1.2) post the education session, with the stronger predictor at all timepoints being intentions to perform SSE. Optimal SSE was higher at 3 months (59%) compared to 12 (46%) and 24 months (34%) post, with key predictors including self-efficacy and intentions to perform SSE and male sex at 3 months post; self-efficacy and reliance on medical advice at 12 months post; and (lower) education and self-efficacy at 24 months post. Conclusions The key findings of this study are that 1) survivors maintain SSE behaviour over time, but rates of SSE performed in agreement with medical recommendations are higher immediately post standard dermatological education (i.e. usual care) and decrease somewhat over a 24-month period; and 2) the strongest psycho-social predictors of SSE are intentions and self-efficacy to perform the behavior, which are highly modifiable, for example via motivational interviewing and goal setting health interventions.
Novel mutations of the SRF gene in Chinese sporadic conotruncal heart defect patients
Authors: Mengmeng Xu , Yuejuan Xu , Sun Chen , Yanan Lu , Fen Li , Kun Sun
Published: September 2019

Background: Conotruncal heart defects ( CTDs ) are a group of congenital heart malformations that cause anomalies of cardiac outflow tracts. In the past few decades, many genes related to CTDs have been reported. Serum response factor (SRF) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein that acts as transcription factor, and SRF was found to be a critical factor in heart development and to be strongly expressed in the myocardium of the developing mouse and chicken hearts. The targeted inactivation of SRF during heart development leads to embryonic lethality and myocardial defects in mice. Results: To illustrate the relationship between SRF and human heart defects, we screened SRF mutations in 527 CTD patients. Two novel mutations (p.G274D and p.G294C) of SRF were identified. Western blotting and real-time PCR showed that there were no obvious differences between the protein expression and mRNA transcription of mutants and wild-type SRF. A dual luciferase reporter assay showed that both SRF mutants (G274D and G294C) impaired SRF transcriptional activity at the SRF promoter and atrial natriuretic factor ( ANF ) promoter ( p <0.05), additionally, the mutants displayed reduced synergism with GATA4. Conclusion: These results suggest that SRF-p.G274D and SRF-p.G294C may have potential pathogenic effects.
Addressing the deprived: Need and access of Sexual reproductive health services to street adolescents in Ethiopia: The case of Nekemte Town: Mixed methods study.
Authors: Ababor Abdo Abazinab , Tesso Desalegn Wirtu , Cheme Melese Chego
Published: September 2019

Objectives Research knowledge gap exists in addressing sexual reproductive health services to street adolescents globally. The intensity of SRH problem is high in the settings like Ethiopia where there is limited access and integration of services in the way it responds to the needs of the street adolescents and this study aimed at exploring risky sexual behaviors; needs and barriers of SRH services utilization among street adolescents in Nekemte town. Community based Cross-sectional study design with mixed approaches was used on sample size of 219 street adolescents. Supplementary qualitative data of 24 in-depth interviews were collected from the street adolescents and SRH service providers. Time-location sampling or venue sampling technique (VDT) was used for quantitative study. Quantitative data was analyzed by SPSS version 24.0.Results About 93% of street adolescents reported difficulty of accessing contraceptives. Behavioral change and sustainable access of SRH services is lacking among street adolescents; but, Knowledge gap is more evident in early adolescents (10-13) period than the other classes. Generally, street adolescents are deprived in terms of access of sexual reproductive health services. Mobile and flexible access of contraceptive should be designed targeting street adolescents.
Assessment of factors affecting tourism satisfaction using K-nearest neighborhood and random forest models
Authors: Abbasi Hamed , Tapak Leili , Mirhashemi Hamid
Published: September 2019

Objective This study aimed to identify factors affecting the satisfaction of tourists traveling to the city of Hamadan as Asian urban tourism capital in 2018. The data a random sample of 300 tourists were collected using a designed questionnaire. We applied random-forest and K-nearest-neighborhood methods to analyze the data.Results The variables of society behavior, municipal equipment and cost of services were the three top rank variables in predicting tourist satisfaction. Considering the capacity of the ancient city of Hamadan for tourism, policy-makers can use our results in planning for providing a sustainable development and flourishing tourism industry in this city.
Status of Two-week Prevalence Rate in Tibet: Data Base on the Sixth Health Service Survey of Tibet, China
Authors: Deng Rendan , sangzhu Laba , deji Zhaxi , Wang Guihua , Hong Peiwei , Li Jiaqi , Li Qiwen , Wan Yang , Xiong Hai
Published: September 2019

Background Tibet is located in the high altitude area of southwest China, which health level is influenced by specific factors. However, there was little research on Tibetan health condition. And the two-week prevalence rate is an important indicator to health status of residents. The purpose of this study was to understand the two-week prevalence rate and its influencing factors in Tibet. Methods Two-week prevalence rate was calculated using data from a population of 10493 aged 15 and above obtained from the sixth Health Service Survey of Tibet in 2018. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to further screen factors for gender, age, marital status, employment status and so on. Results The two-week illness prevalence rate was 20.1% in Tibet. According to the Multivariate logistic regression analysis the two-week prevalence rate was associated with gender, age, residence, marital status, employment status, respectively. Digestive system diseases are given priority, hypertension is the most common disease. Besides, the severity of two-week illness has differences in different groups. Conclusion This study identified a number of factors that appear to have a significant relationship with the two-week illness prevalence. Moreover, the two-week prevalence rates of women and older people were significantly higher, which should be paid attention to in the utilization of health services.
Prophylactic Tranexamic acid usage in Prevention of Post-Partum Hemorrhage a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sadek Seifeldin , Mahesan Arnold M , Ramadan Hadi , Dad Nimra , Movva Vani , Kanaan Camille
Published: September 2019

Background Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of obstetric morbidity and mortality around the world. Prophylactic administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) in patients at risk for PPH is aimed at reducing estimated blood loss (EBL). Method This was a prospective cohort study. Patients at high risk of PPH were given 1000mg of TXA intravenously at cord clamping after delivery of the baby, and compared with high PPH risk controls who did not receive TXA. Both cesarean section deliveries (CD) and vaginal deliveries (VD) were included. The primary outcome was postpartum hemorrhage, and the secondary outcome was calculated estimated blood loss (cEBL). Results Between January 2017 and May 2017, 101 patients at high risk for PPH were enrolled. Fifty one received TXA and 50 did not. There were 20 cases of PPH in the TXA group compared with 30 cases in the control group (OR 0.43, 95% CI, NNT=5). The average cEBL for VD and CD were significantly lower in the patients who received TXA compared with controls: 561ml ±336ml compared with 841ml ±462ml (p=0.0006) for VD and 658ml ±294mL compared with 1024ml ±276 for CD (p=0.0007). Conclusions Intravenous TXA may be used as prophylaxis for PPH in obstetric patients at high risk.
Limitations in photosynthesis of sugar beets under water deficit and rehydration conditions
Authors: Li Yangyang , Fei Cong , Su Jixia , Liu Ningning , Ma Fuyu , Fan Hua , Wang Kaiyong
Published: September 2019

Background: Limiting factors in photosynthesis includes stomatal limitations, mesophyll limitations, and biochemical limitations, and mesophyll limitations are the leading limiting factors in photosynthesis as shown by many studies. Mesophyll conductance (gm) exerts significant influences on the photosynthetic capacity of crops, playing a decisive role in mesophyll limitations. The limiting factors in photosynthesis for many crops under water deficit and rehydration conditions have been studied, but few studies of this kind on sugar beet can be found. Results: Our study aimed to analyze the dynamic changes of mesophyll limitations, stomatal limitations, and biochemical limitations by examining the influences of water deficit and rehydration on photosynthetic characteristics, electron transport, and leaf anatomical structure. According to the analysis on photosynthetic characteristics, severe deficit irrigation treatment significantly decreased photosynthesis rate, light saturation point, and CO2 saturation point. After rehydration, there was no difference in photosynthetic characteristics between the well irrigated sugar beets and the ones with severe deficit irrigation treatment. The analysis on leaf anatomical structure found that sugar beets dealt with water deficit by increasing leaf (mesophyll) thickness, and the severe deficit irrigation treatment significantly decreased the number of chloroplasts without influencing each one in terms of shape and cross-section area. No significant influence of water deficit was found on the electron transport rate (Jflu) of sugar beets during the process of CO2 assimilation. Conclusions: Therefore, deficit irrigation treatments cannot significantly influence photosynthetic assimilation of sugar beets. The analysis of limitations in photosynthesis showed that the stomatal and biochemical limitations increased while the mesophyll limitations decreased when sugar beets were under water deficit; however, the stomatal and biochemical limitations decreased while the mesophyll limitations increased after rehydration. The photosynthesis of sugar beets was mainly influenced by mesophyll limitations, and the limiting factors changed significantly only for severe deficit irrigation treatment.
Interleukin-4 retards liver fibrosis in BALB/c mice model of carbon tetra-chloride (CCl4)-associated with decreased CD80 and interleukin-12 expressions
Authors: Amer Johnny , Hattab Suhaib , Rahal Bilal
Published: September 2019

Background: BALB/c mice showed easily induced Th2-type responses in several infection models. Certain macrophage phenotypes contribute to liver fibrosis. We characterized changes in macrophages phenotype (M1/M2) during fibrogenesis in liver fibrosis mice model. Methods: Carbon-tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) hepatic-fibrosis was induced in BALB/c mice. Liver macrophages isolated were identified for M1 and M2 by CD80/iNOS and CD273 (programmed death ligand 2 (PDL2)/CD206, respectively. IL-4 were induced i.p along week-2 to week-4 of CCl 4 . Liver proteins were assessed for aSMA expressions, histology and ALT levels. Results: CCl 4 -induced hepatic-fibrosis showed increased CD273 (from 20.1%± 3.1in naïve mice to 27.8%±3.2 in fibrotic mice; P=0.01) while gradual decrease in CD80 (from 12%±6.2 in naïve mice to 1.97%±0.4 in fibrotic mice; P<0.02). The overall data showed decreased M1/M2 ratio. M2-macrophages showed inhibited expressions of IFN-g, IL-12 and vitamin-D-receptor (VDR) while high TGF-b levels. ALT, H&E staining intensities and aSMA showed gradually increased along fibrosis while metabolic markers of serum insulin, vitamin D and VDR decreased. IL-4 inductions while inhibited fibrosis it elevated metabolic markers. Conclusions: M2-macrophages express less IFN-g and IL-12, which might indicate inability differentiation of naive T cells into Th1 cells. IL-4 has an anti-fibrotic effects through antagonize M2-macrophages of TGF-b and ameliorating insulin, vitamin D, VDR and consequently attenuated liver-fibrosis.
Loneliness as a risk factor for frailty transition among Chinese old people
Authors: SHA SHA , Yuebin Xu , Lin Chen
Published: September 2019

Background: loneliness has been observed to be associated with subsequent adverse outcomes. Our study aims to investigate whether and how loneliness is related to frailty transition. Methods: our study used 8425 participants (aged>=60) from 2008 and 2011 waves of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Loneliness was assessed by a single question asking how often the respondent feels lonely and isolated and grouped into three levels of loneliness: never, seldom and often. Frailty was contrasted in physical frailty and frailty index. Frailty transition as outcome variable has been designed as two types according the mearsurement of frailty: remaining robust or prefrail, improvement, worsening and remaining frail was used to describe the transition of physical frailty, and we created three categories of frailty index change to investigate the association between loneliness and frailty transition. Results: greater loneliness reduced the possibility of remaining robust or prefrail physical frailty state after adjusting: odds ratios (95% CI) was 0.78(0.67-0.90), adjusted for age, gender, components number of frail scale at baseline and all other confounding variables. Greater loneliness was associated with an increased risk of worsening physical frailty after 3 years: compared with those never loneliness, the odds ratios (95% CI) for people who often loneliness were 1.19(1.01-1.40), adjusted for age, gender and components number of frail scale at baseline and all other confounding variables. The association between loneliness and the possibility of remaining robust or prefrail physical frailty states had no gender difference, adjusted for age and components number of frail scale at baseline, whereas loneliness was no longer significant in female participants after adjusting for all covariates. Male participants with often loneliness had an increased risk of worsening physical frailty state even with all covariates. By contrast, loneliness showed no significant relationship with physical frailty improvement and remaining frail. We found no significant relationship with loneliness under the model of the frailty index. Conclusion: old adults with a high level of loneliness tend to be physical frailty state in the future, and male older with a high level of loneliness had an increased risk of worsening physical frailty state.
Association between renal function and bone mineral density in healthy postmenopausal Chinese women
Authors: Li Shuang , Zhan Junkun , Wang Yanjiao , Wang Yi , He Jieyu , Huang Wu , Sheng Zhifeng , Liu Youshuo
Published: September 2019

Background: The relationship between renal function and bone mineral density (BMD) is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of renal function with BMD and osteoporosis risk in healthy postmenopausal Chinese women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 776 healthy postmenopausal Chinese women. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure BMDs. Clinical, demographic, and biochemical data were obtained at the time of image acquisition. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using a Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Results: Women with eGFR levels of at least 90 ml/min/1.73 m 2 had a lower prevalence of osteoporosis compared with women with decreased eGFR levels (eGFR <90.0 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ). BMDs at femoral neck and total hip were significantly lower in the lower eGFR class than the higher class (0.717 ± 0.106 vs 0.744 ± 0.125 g/cm 2 , P < 0.01; 0.796 ± 0.116 vs 0.823 ± 0.129 g/cm 2 , P < 0.01, respectively). eGFR was positively correlated with BMDs at femoral neck and total hip in unadjusted analysis ( P <0.05). After controlling for age, menopausal duration and body mass index (BMI), decreased eGFR was not a risk factor for osteoporosis. Conclusions: After adjustments for age, menopausal duration and BMI, the decline in renal function was not an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in healthy postmenopausal Chinese women.
Design and construction of household ventilated improved pit latrines: gaps between conventional technical guidelines and construction practices in Cape Coast, Ghana
Authors: Obeng Peter Appiah , Obeng Panin Asirifua , Awere Eric
Published: September 2019

This study was conducted to identify the gaps that exist between ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine construction practices in Cape Coast, Ghana, and conventional technical guidelines, and to assess how any non-compliance with technical guidelines influences the users' perception of odour and fly nuisances. An inspection guide was used to assess 127 VIP latrines, while a questionnaire survey was used to obtain feedback from 211 users of the latrines on their perception of odour and fly nuisance. Not a single latrine was found to be fitted with a vent pipe that satisfied the recommended diameter of 150 mm. Aside from the vent pipe diameter, only 5.5% of latrines complied with all four other design guidelines that were assessed. However, with the exception of failure to install insect screens on vent pipes, which was associated with the users seeing flies in the latrine cubicles, failure to comply with other guidelines did not necessarily lead to significantly higher user perception of the targeted nuisance. The findings of the study suggest that user perception of odour in their latrines may be more influenced by non-structural factors such as the management or cleanliness of the latrines rather than their structural designs.
Hemophilia Gene Therapy: New Development from Bench to Bed Side
Authors: Guo Xiao-Lu , Chung Tsai-Hua , Qin Yue , Zheng Jie , Zheng Huyong , Sheng Liyuan , Wynn Tung , Chang Lung-Ji
Published: September 2019

Novel gene therapy strategies have changed the prognosis of many inherited diseases in recent years. New development in genetic tools and study models has brought us closer to a complete cure for hemophilia. This review will address the latest gene therapy research in hemophilia A and B including gene therapy tools, genetic strategies and animal models. It also summarizes the results of recent clinical trials. Potential solutions are discussed regarding the current barriers in gene therapy for hemophilia.
Prediction Model of Early Return to Hospital after Discharge Following Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lee Jiann-Der , Lee Tsong-Hai , Huang Yen-Chu , Lee Meng , Kuo Ya-Wen , Huang Ya-Chi , Hu Ya-Han
Published: September 2019

Background:

Reducing hospital readmissions for stroke remains a significant challenge
to improve outcomes and decrease healthcare costs.

Methods:

We analyzed 10,034 adult patients with ischemic stroke, presented within 24 hours of
onset from a hospital-based stroke registry. The risk factors for early return to hospital after discharge
were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and classification and regression tree
(CART) analyses.

Results:

Among the study population, 277 (2.8%) had 3-day Emergency Department (ED) reattendance,
534 (5.3%) had 14-day readmission, and 932 (9.3%) had 30-day readmission. Multivariate
logistic regression revealed that age, nasogastric tube feeding, indwelling urinary catheter,
healthcare utilization behaviour, and stroke severity were major and common risk factors for an
early return to the hospital after discharge. CART analysis identified nasogastric tube feeding and
length of stay for 72-hour ED reattendance, Barthel Index (BI) score, total length of stay in the
Year Preceding the index admission (YLOS), indwelling urinary catheter, and age for 14-day readmission,
and nasogastric tube feeding, BI score, YLOS, and number of inpatient visits in the
year preceding the index admission for 30-day readmission as important factors to classify the patients
into subgroups.

Conclusions:

Although CART analysis did not improve the prediction of an early return to the hospital
after stroke compared with logistic regression models, decision rules generated by CART can
easily be interpreted and applied in clinical practice.
IDENTIDADE, RELAÇÃO E CONTEXTO: UMA RELEITURA EPISTEMOLÓGICA DOS MÉTODOS BIOGRÁFICOS 1
Authors: Formenti Laura
Published: September 2019

Este artigo desenvolve algumas ideias teóricas, epistemológicas e metodológicas sobre os métodos biograficamente orientados na pesquisa sobre educação de adultos, numa perspectiva sistêmica e construtivista. O objetivo é criar uma estrutura para compreender os pressupostos básicos da pesquisa baseada nesses métodos, colocando no ponto central a procura de identidade, que é interpretada aqui como incorporada, relacional/de conversação e contextual. Formação e identidade estão intimamente interligadas; na verdade podemos ler a ontogenia (o processo de desenvolvimento da própria identidade durante toda a vida) como um processo de aprendizagem. No entanto, isso significa também que os outros estão envolvidos: as narrativas biográficas são coconstruídas. É possível ler a pesquisa através das lentes de diversas metáforas: como a descrição de uma trajetória ou como o desdobrar-se de um caminho; aqui, outras duas metáforas que se propõem para interpretar a pesquisa são o “pacto” e o “olhar”. Ambos envolvem uma reciprocidade. Do ponto de vista metodológico, vários pesquisadores (em coerência com seus pertencimentos disciplinares e paradigmáticos) enfrentam esse problema de diversos modos, variando da utilização maciça de reflexividade pessoal, até o pleno envolvimento dos participantes em uma pesquisa cooperativa.
ENTREVISTA NARRATIVA COM ESPECIALISTAS: APORTES METODOLÓGICOS E EXEMPLIFICAÇÃO
Authors: Weller Wivian , Zardo Sinara Pollom
Published: September 2019

Este artigo analisa o aporte metodológico da entrevista narrativa e da entrevista com especialistas, e sua contribuição para a pesquisa qualitativa em Educação. Apresenta, inicialmente, algumas reflexões em torno da Fenomenologia Social de Alfred Schütz e sua relação com a pesquisa qualitativa. Em seguida, são discutidos os procedimentos da entrevista narrativa desenvolvidos por Fritz Schütze, bem como aspectos metodológicos da entrevista com especialistas apontados por Michael Meuser e Ulrike Nagel. Na parte final do artigo, apresentam-se resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com base em entrevistas narrativas com gestores educacionais responsáveis pela implementação de políticas de inclusão nos sistemas de ensino.Os resultados deste estudo apontam que a utilização de entrevistas narrativas com especialistas em pesquisas qualitativas em Educação possui uma dimensão científica e política, na medida em que permite o aprofundamento teórico sobre a trajetória biográfica e profissional dos gestores e a relação desta com os pressupostos que orientam suas ações na efetivação de políticas educacionais.
A CRISE AMBIENTAL EM EVIDÊNCIA: ANÁLISE DO DISCURSO FOUCAULTIANO – MODOS DE FAZER PESQUISA EM EDUCAÇÃO1
Authors: Vieira Virgínia Tavares , Henning Paula Corrêa
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem como pretensão colocar em suspenso o discurso da crise ambiental por meio das letras de rock and roll de diferentes países ocidentais para pensarmos na trama discursiva que vem compondo o campo da Educação Ambiental. Para isso, selecionamos como metodologia algumas ferramentas da análise do discurso a partir de Michel Foucault, operando especificamente com os conceitos de discurso e enunciado. Sendo assim, apoiada em autores como Michel Foucault, Félix Guattari, Isabel Carvalho e Leandro Belinaso Guimarães, a pesquisa demonstra a importância da cultura na produção de modos de ser e estar na contemporaneidade. Ao estudar o discurso da crise ambiental presente nas letras de rock, entende-se que tal artefato cultural auxilia para colocar em operação uma relação de poder ao fabricar verdades, produzir sentidos e constituir sujeitos. Destacamos que este artigo nos evidencia uma das formas de olhar para a crise ambiental: o homem como principal destruidor de nosso planeta.
An Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor Mobile Health System for Early Warning for Stroke Risk: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Wang Guangyu , Zhou Silu , Rezaei Shahbaz , Liu Xin , Huang Anpeng
Published: September 2019

Background

Stroke, as a leading cause of death around the globe, has become a heavy burden on our society. Studies show that stroke can be predicted and prevented if a person’s blood pressure (BP) status is appropriately monitored via an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM) system. However, currently there exists no efficient and user-friendly ABPM system to provide early warning for stroke risk in real-time. Moreover, most existing ABPM devices measure BP during the deflation of the cuff, which fails to reflect blood pressure accurately.

Objective

In this study, we sought to develop a new ABPM mobile health (mHealth) system that was capable of monitoring blood pressure during inflation and could detect early stroke-risk signals in real-time.

Methods

We designed an ABPM mHealth system that is based on mobile network infrastructure and mobile apps. The proposed system contains two major parts: a new ABPM device in which an inflation-type BP measurement algorithm is embedded, and an abnormal blood pressure data analysis algorithm for stroke-risk prediction services at our health data service center. For evaluation, the ABPM device was first tested using simulated signals and compared with the gold standard of a mercury sphygmomanometer. Then, the performance of our proposed mHealth system was evaluated in an observational study.

Results

The results are presented in two main parts: the device test and the longitudinal observational studies of the presented system. The average measurement error of the new ABPM device with the inflation-type algorithm was less than 0.55 mmHg compared to a reference device using simulated signals. Moreover, the results of correlation coefficients and agreement analyses show that there is a strong linear correlation between our device and the standard mercury sphygmomanometer. In the case of the system observational study, we collected a data set with 88 features, including real-time data, user information, and user records. Our abnormal blood pressure data analysis algorithm achieved the best performance, with an area under the curve of 0.904 for the low risk level, 0.756 for the caution risk level, and 0.912 for the high-risk level. Our system enables a patient to be aware of their risk in real-time, which improves medication adherence with risk self-management.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this device is the first ABPM device that measures blood pressure during the inflation process and has obtained a government medical license. Device tests and longitudinal observational studies were conducted in Peking University hospitals, and they showed the device’s high accuracy for BP measurements, its efficiency in detecting early signs of stroke, and its efficiency at providing an early warning for stroke risk.
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATIONS OF SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF EXTRACT PETIVERIA ALLIACEA (SINGAWALANG) LEAVES
Authors: MUSTIKA ARIFA , FATIMAH NURMAWATI , SARI GADIS MEINAR
Published: September 2019

Objective: Formulation of Singawalang leaves extract should be considered because the extract contains a variety of compounds so that there maybe a competitor in the absorption process and will cause the absorption of active ingredients in the gastrointestinal decline. One way to increase theabsorption and disposition of active ingredients on target organs is to use a nanoparticle formulation. Therefore, this study will conduct research onself-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) formulation of Singawalang (Petiveria alliacea) leaves extract.Methods: The systems were developed by investigating the solubility Singawalang leaves extract in various carrier oil, the suitable surfactant,and cosurfactant, construction of SNEDDS of Singawalang leaves extract and characterization of droplet size through particle size analyzer andtransmission electron microscopy.Results: The results of this study indicate that the optimum carrier oils for Singawalang leave extract are miglitol and virgin coconut oil (VCO),the compatible surfactant component is tween 80 and the compatible cosurfactant is propylene glycol (PG). The average droplet size is 13 nm andpolydisperse index 0,004 and 0,006.Conclusion: It can be concluded, the present study demonstrated that the optimum SNEDDS formulations of Singawalang leave extract are themixture of VCO, tween 80, PG at ratio 1:8:1 and miglitol, tween 80, and PG at ratio 2:5:3.
Pasado y porvenir para el hombre actual
Authors: Ortega y Gasset José
Published: September 2019

José Ortega y Gasset, Hombre y cultura en el siglo XX, Madrid, Ediciones Guadarrama, 1957.
Amor
Authors: . Voltaire
Published: September 2019

Voltaire, Diccionario filosófico. Tomo 1, México, Editorial Daimón, 1980.
El amor y otras falacias
Authors: Borroughs William
Published: September 2019

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La creatividad en el lenguaje
Authors: López Villegas Virginia
Published: September 2019

Análisis del lenguaje como un fenómeno complejo que ha sido abordado desde distintos enfoques y perspectivas. Puede enfocarse en dos sentidos: como lengua y como habla. El universo que constituye el lenguaje es inspiración, imaginación, creación.
Presentación
Authors: Autor Sin
Published: September 2019

Presentación del n. 147 de la RMCPS
El grano de mostaza
Authors: Buda Predicación
Published: September 2019

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De las distintas místicas
Authors: Berdiaev Nicolás
Published: September 2019

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Vivir para la automatización
Authors: Acosta Quiñones Renato J.
Published: September 2019

Reseña del libro de Aramoni, Aniceto, Vivir es consumir el tiempo, México, Ed. Promexa, 1991, 214 pp.
¿Hacia una estética cinematográfica femenina?
Authors: Millán Moncayo Márgara
Published: September 2019

A fin de determinar si existe una estética cinematográfica propiamente femenina, es necesario indagar las relaciones entre diversos ámbitos como son, en este caso, el cine, el género y la estética. En particular, es necesario referirse al lenguaje.
Familias y dinastías políticas de los presidentes del PNR-PRM-PRI
Authors: Suárez Farías Francisco
Published: September 2019

Desde 1929 hasta 1992, treinta diferentes personajes de la política nacional mexicana han ocupado la presidencia del partido de Estado (Partido Nacional Revolucionario —Partido de la Revolución Mexicana— Partido Revolucionario Institucional), creando importantes camarillas en el poder y fundando o siendo continuidad de importantes familias y dinastías políticas mexicanas. En este artículo se evalúa la relevancia del parentesco desde la presidencia de A. Obregón en 1920, hasta la administración de Carlos Salinas de Gortari, en 1992.
El verdadero choque
Authors: Kurth James
Published: September 2019

James Kurth caracteriza la relaciones internacionales contemporáneas después de debatir la tesis de Samuel Huntington plasmada en El choque de las civilizaciones. Para Kurth, no es el enfrentamiento de Occidente con el resto del mundo lo que debe considerarse, sino que son las contradicciones en el interior mismo de Occidente las que deben estudiar los analistas preocupados por definir los rasgos del mundo de finales de siglo y de milenio.
Algunas contribuciones de las Ciencias Sociales al conocimiento y prevención de los desastres naturales: el caso de México
Authors: Dettmer Jorge
Published: September 2019

El artículo está abocado al análisis de los principales aportes de los científicos  sociales mexicanos al conocimiento de los impactos sociales provocados por desastres naturales. Después de exponer algunos de los enfoques teórico-metodológicos utilizados en los estudios sobre desasnes naturales, se examinan diversas problemáticas investigadas en el caso de México, sugiriendo al final nuevas líneas de análisis que podrían contribuir a reducir los riesgos y el potencial destructivo de las impredecibles fuerzas de la naturaleza.
La relación profesional entre las políticas públicas y la administración pública
Authors: Uvalle Berrones Ricardo
Published: September 2019

El artículo analiza la vinculación entre las políticas públicas y la administración pública, con base en la categoría proceso de gobierno, medio a través del cual se manifiesta la acción pública. En la sociedad contemporánea, el espacio de lo público enlaza al gobierno con la administración pública, lo cual significa que el gobierno de los ciudadanos es objeto de consensos, disensos, opciones de política y ampliación de sus derechos.
 Son, pues, las políticas públicas, una estrategia de buen gobierno y sus ventajas deben vertirse a la administración pública en términos profesionales, funcionales y de contenido para fortalecer los valores de la convivencia democrática.
El ocaso de la democracia checoslovaca
Authors: Grollova-Spenser Daniela
Published: September 2019

La Segunda Guerra Mundial terminó el 8 de mayo de 1945. En los meses posteriores el gobierno de Checoslovaquia buscó la reparación y la compensación por la traumática pérdida de la soberanía territorial y política en 1938, seguida por la ocupación nazi en 1939 y el desmembramiento del país. El presente trabajo explora las intenciones y las medidas que los checos y los eslovacos tomaron para reconstruir y consolidar un país que hasta antes de la guerra fue multinacional y constituyó en Europa central una democracia excepcional. Que esa búsqueda fuese acompañada de una miopía estratégica se les escapaba a los checos y eslovacos, pues tras los horrores de la guerra no pudieron anticipar que el mundo se dividiría en dos bloques hostiles y aliándose con la Unión Soviética, no recuperaron en tiempo de paz la soberanía que habían perdido como resultado de la guerra.
De encuentros humanos y de diálogos entre culturas
Authors: Bokser Judit
Published: September 2019

Reseña del libro de Ikram Antaki, El Espíritu de Córdoba, México, Planeta, 1994.
Procesos espontáneos e inducidos en el arte dancístico
Authors: Dallal Alberto
Published: September 2019

El autor realiza un recorrido histórico-sociológico a través del arte de la danza para mostrar el desarrollo, el lenguaje y el papel que ha tenido y tiene en la sociedad. Así, el artículo analiza desde los orígenes de esta actividad humana hasta su institucionalización y profesionalización modernas. La danza como medio de comunicación social a través de sus significados en la educación, la política e inclusive la religión, son asimismo temáticas que el autor resalta. También se aborda el llamado “proceso de verosimilitud", es decir, la relación artista- espectador, así como los retos de la coreografía actual.
América Latina vista desde el Mediterráneo
Authors: Curzio Leonardo
Published: September 2019

Reseña del libro de Joan del Alcázar y Nuria Tabanera (comps.), Historia y presente en América Latina, Valencia, Fundación Bancaixa, 1996.
Globalización y regionalización. Respuestas regionales a los problemas no económicos
Authors: Remiro Brotons Antonio
Published: September 2019

En este artículo, el autor señala que, si bien hay que reconocer que la globalización universalizadora es un hecho, la regionalización puede dar respuesta a problemas no económicos tales como la defensa de los derechos humanos y la democracia, el desarrollo sustentable, el narcotráfico, los movimientos guerrilleros, los conflictos territoriales, el colapso del Estado, y otros. Frente a la dominación hegemónica de Estados Unidos, el autor analiza diversas formas de integración latinoamericanas, como el Grupo de Contadora y el de Río. De igual modo, estudia los mecanismos de cooperación interregional establecidos entre América Latina y la Unión Europea para ampliar el margen de autonomía del continente latinoamericano con respecto a Estados Unidos.
¿Un imperio con futuro?
Authors: Ocaña Lucila
Published: September 2019

Reseña del libro de Robert D. Kaplan, Viaje al futuro del imperio. La transformación de Norteamérica en el siglo XXI, Barcelona, Ediciones B, 1999, 464 pp.
UNAM. Escenarios sincréticos de un conflicto
Authors: Baena Paz Guillermina
Published: September 2019

El artículo explora el impacto de las presiones y directrices que poderosas instituciones transnacionales como el Banco Mundial dictan en la elaboración de las políticas de la educación superior en México. En este sentido, el artículo adopta una postura crítica frente a la falta de creatividad y autonomía del gobierno para elaborar una política educativa que realmente responda a los desafíos nacionales y no simplemente traduzca los esquemas de privatización de la educación que estos organismos imponen. En este fenómeno se encuentra la principal causa del actual conflicto de la UNM. La parte final del ensayo es un aporte de suma originalidad en donde se exploran los posibles desenlaces de este conflicto.
Pengaruh Coorporate Social Responsibility, Leverage dan Size Terhadap Profitabilitas
Authors: Sholikha Imroatus , Susbiyani Arik , Kamelia F.A Ibna
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh coorporate social responsibility, leverage dan size terhadap profitabilitas (Studi pada Perusahaan Food And Beverages yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2018). Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengambilan data dengan pertimbangan tertentu (purposive sampling). Perusahaan Food And Beverages yang secara konsisten terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan pengamatan dari tahun 2018-2019. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode analisis regresi linier berganda. Uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah uji t, uji F dan koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CSR terhadap ROA menunjukkan pengaruh positif signifikan Ini membuktikan bahwa semakin besar CSR akan meningkatkan ROA. LEV terhadap ROA menunjukkan tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Ini membuktikan bahwa LEV yang tinggi maka ROA tidak akan mengalami perubahan SIZE terhadap ROA menunjukkan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan. Ini membuktikan bahwa SIZE yang tinggi akanmeningkatkan ROA
Perilaku Gaya Hidup Hedonisme di Kalangan Mahasiswa Kurang Mampu Fakultas Ilmu Sosial UNP
Authors: Hidayati Rika , Ikhwan Ikhwan
Published: September 2019

Riset ini dilatarbelakangi oleh ketertarikan peneliti dalam melihat maraknya perilaku gaya hidup hedonisme di kalangan mahasiswa kurang mampu di Fakultas Ilmu Sosial UNP. Riset ini memiliki tujuan untuk memahami bagaimana perilaku hedonisme di kalangan mahasiswa kurang mampu FIS UNP. Riset ini di kaji menggunakan teori masyarakat konsumsi dari Jean Baudrillard. Baudrillard berasumsi bahwa masyarakat mengkonsumsi suatu barang atau jasa bukan lagi dilihat pada pemenuhan kebutuhan (nneds), tetapi lebih kepada pemenuhan hasrat (desire). Metode yang dipakai dalam riset ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif tipe deskriptif, teknik pemilihan informan snowball sampling dan jumlah informan sebanyak 10 orang. Pengumpulan data dibuat dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan pengumpulan dokumen dan dikaji menggunakan teknik analsis data dari Miles dan Huberman. Hasil riset ini menyatakan Perilaku Gaya Hidup Hedonisme Di Kalangan Mahasisswa Kurang Mampu FIS UNP ditunjukkan melalui kegiatan-kegiatan sebagai berikut: (1) shopping; (2) Nongkrong di cafe; (3) nonton bioskop; (4) karaoke; (5) jalan-jalan/refreshing.
MODEL LEARNING CONTINUUM KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR HISTORIS (HISTORICAL THINGKING) PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH SMA
Authors: Ofianto Ofianto
Published: September 2019

Kecenderungan tumpang tintih materi pelajaran sejarah di sekolah dewasa ini, baik antar jenjang pendidikan maupun antar kelas pada jenjang pendidikan yang sama menjadi fenomena yang selalu menarik untuk dikaji. Materi sejarah yang demikian tidak akan terjadi bila secara rutin dilakukan penyusunan learning continuum (LC) oleh semua kalangan terkait. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menghasilkan model learning continuum keterampilan berpikir historis mata pelajaran sejarah SMA. LC keterampilan berpikir historis, menggambarkan peningkatan keterampilan peserta didik untuk menguasai keterampilan berpikir historis mulai dari keterampilan dasar hingga keterampilan yang paling tinggi pada pembelajaran sejarah SMA. Penelitian melalui dua tahap, yakni tahap pengembangan model LC dan tahap pengembangan instrumen yang disertai uji dengan coba terbatas. Data dianalisis dengan Partial Credit Model (PCM) menggunakan program QUEST. Hasil pengembangan aspek dan sub aspek LC keterampilan berpikir historis menghasilkan dua keterampilan yakni keterampilan dasar (basic skill) dan keterampilan penelitian sejarah (historical research capabilities). Hasil uji coba menunjukkan bahwa tes terbukti fit dengan PCM. Reliabilitas tes uji coba baik, dengan koefisien alpha Cronbach sebesar 0,82.
As razões das diferenças de desempenho acadêmico na América Latina: dados qualitativos do Brasil, Chile e Cuba
Authors: Carnoy Martin , Gove Amber , Marshall Jeffery
Published: September 2019

Apresenta os resultados de uma análise de práticas de ensino, utilizando dados do Brasil, do Chile e de Cuba. Esses dados incluem fitas de vídeo de 10 a 12 aulas de matemática para a 3ª série de cada país. Cada fita foi analisada mediante um instrumento de observação que enfoca a estrutura da turma, seu nível de engajamento e outros indicadores de processo. Adicionalmente, foi utilizado um sistema de mensuração do nível de conteúdo, visando entender o conceito da aula, o nível de demanda cognitiva e a interação entre a professora e a turma. Em conjunto, esses dois instrumentos são utilizados para aprofundar a análise das variações na pontuação obtida nos testes por Cuba e pelos demais países latino-americanos. Os resultados revelam diferenças significativas entre as aulas observadas nos três países, tanto em relação às práticas adotadas pelos professores no manejo das classes, quanto no que diz respeito à dificuldade relativa dos conteúdos abordados. As aulas cubanas e as aulas das escolas privadas conveniadas do Chile se destacaram positivamente em comparação com aquelas observadas nas escolas brasileiras e nas escolas públicas chilenas.

Palavras-chave: práticas de ensino; educação matemática; ensino fundamental; educação comparada; Brasil, Chile, Cuba.

Abstract

The paper presents the results of an analysis of teaching practices, using data of Brazil, Chile and Cuba. Those data include videos from 10 to 12 mathematics classes for to 3rd grades of each country. Each video was analyzed by means of an observation instrument that focuses the structure of the group, the engagement level and other process indicators. In addition, a system of content level was used, seeking to understand the concept of the class, the level of cognitive demand and the interaction between the teacher and the group. Those two instruments are jointly used to deepen the analysis of the variations in the punctuation obtained in the tests by Cuba and by the other Latin-American countries. The results reveal significant differences among the classes observed within the three countries, so much in relation to the practices adopted by the teachers in the handling of the classes, as in what concerns the relative difficulty of the approached contents. The Cuban classes and the classes of private schools in Chile stood out positively in comparison with those observed at the Brazilian schools and at Chilean public schools.

Keywords: teaching practices; mathematics teaching; basic education; comparative study: Brazil, Chile, Cuba.