bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Hyaluronan/CD44 Axis: A Double-Edged Sword in Cancer
Authors: Cirillo Nicola
Published: October 2023

Hyaluronic acid (HA) receptor CD44 is widely used for identifying cancer stem cells and its activation promotes stemness. Recent evidence shows that overexpression of CD44 is associated with poor prognosis in most human cancers and mediates therapy resistance. For these reasons, in recent years, CD44 has become a treatment target in precision oncology, often via HA-conjugated antineoplastic drugs. Importantly, HA molecules of different sizes have a dual effect and, therefore, may enhance or attenuate the CD44-mediated signaling pathways, as they compete with endogenous HA for binding to the receptors. The magnitude of these effects could be crucial for cancer progression, as well as for driving the inflammatory response in the tumor microenvironment. The increasingly common use of HA-conjugated drugs in oncology, as well as HA-based compounds as adjuvants in cancer treatment, adds further complexity to the understanding of the net effect of hyaluronan-CD44 activation in cancers. In this review, I focus on the significance of CD44 in malignancy and discuss the dichotomous function of the hyaluronan/CD44 axis in cancer progression.
Anti-Atopic Dermatitis Effect of TPS240, a Novel Therapeutic Peptide, via Suppression of NF-κB and STAT3 Activation
Authors: Lee Dongwoo , Hwang-Bo Jeon , Veerappan Karpagam , Moon Hyunhye , Park Junhyung , Chung Hoyong
Published: October 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a relapsing skin disease with persistent inflammation as a causal factor for symptoms and disease progression. Current therapies provide only temporary relief and require long-term usage accompanied by side effects due to persistent relapses. A short peptide, TPS240, has been tested for its potential to subside AD. In this study, we confirmed the anti-atopic effect of TPS240 in vivo and in vitro using a DNCB-induced AD mouse model and TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. In the AD mouse model, topical treatment with TPS240 diminished AD-like skin lesions and symptoms such as epidermal thickening and mast cell infiltration induced by DNCB, similar to the existing treatment, dexamethasone (Dex). Furthermore, skin atrophy, weight loss, and abnormal organ weight changes observed in the Dex-treated group were not detected in the TPS240-treated group. In TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells, TPS240 reduced the expression of the inflammatory chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 and the pruritic cytokines TSLP and IL-31 by inhibiting NF-κB and STAT3 activation. These results suggest that TPS240 has an anti-atopic effect through immunomodulation of AD-specific cytokines and chemokines and can be used as a candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of AD that can solve the safety problems of existing treatments.
Identification of the Abscisic Acid-, Stress-, and Ripening-Induced (ASR) Family Involved in the Adaptation of Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze to Saline–Alkaline and Drought Habitats
Authors: Liu Hao , Ding Qianqian , Cao Lisha , Huang Zengwang , Wang Zhengfeng , Zhang Mei , Jian Shuguang
Published: October 2023

Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze (Aizoaceae, 2n = 2x = 32), a vegetable used for both food and medicine, is a halophyte that is widely distributed in the coastal areas of the tropics and subtropics. Saline–alkaline soils and drought stress are two major abiotic stressors that significantly affect the distribution of tropical coastal plants. Abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) proteins belong to a family of plant-specific, small, and hydrophilic proteins with important roles in plant development, growth, and abiotic stress responses. Here, we characterized the ASR gene family from T. tetragonoides, which contained 13 paralogous genes, and divided TtASRs into two subfamilies based on the phylogenetic tree. The TtASR genes were located on two chromosomes, and segmental duplication events were illustrated as the main duplication method. Additionally, the expression levels of TtASRs were induced by multiple abiotic stressors, indicating that this gene family could participate widely in the response to stress. Furthermore, several TtASR genes were cloned and functionally identified using a yeast expression system. Our results indicate that TtASRs play important roles in T. tetragonoides’ responses to saline–alkaline soils and drought stress. These findings not only increase our understanding of the role ASRs play in mediating halophyte adaptation to extreme environments but also improve our knowledge of plant ASR protein evolution.
Transcriptomic (DNA Microarray) and Metabolome (LC-TOF-MS) Analyses of the Liver in High-Fat Diet Mice after Intranasal Administration of GALP (Galanin-like Peptide)
Authors: Takenoya Fumiko , Shibato Junko , Yamashita Michio , Kimura Ai , Hirako Satoshi , Chiba Yoshihiko , Nonaka Naoko , Shioda Seiji , Rakwal Randeep
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research was to test the efficacy and potential clinical application of intranasal administration of galanin-like peptide (GALP) as an anti-obesity treatment under the hypothesis that GALP prevents obesity in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Focusing on the mechanism of regulation of lipid metabolism in peripheral tissues via the autonomic nervous system, we confirmed that, compared with a control (saline), intranasally administered GALP prevented further body weight gain in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice with continued access to an HFD. Using an omics-based approach, we identified several genes and metabolites in the liver tissue of DIO mice that were altered by the administration of intranasal GALP. We used whole-genome DNA microarray and metabolomics analyses to determine the anti-obesity effects of intranasal GALP in DIO mice fed an HFD. Transcriptomic profiling revealed the upregulation of flavin-containing dimethylaniline monooxygenase 3 (Fmo3), metallothionein 1 and 2 (Mt1 and Mt2, respectively), and the Aldh1a3, Defa3, and Defa20 genes. Analysis using the DAVID tool showed that intranasal GALP enhanced gene expression related to fatty acid elongation and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis and downregulated gene expression related to lipid and cholesterol synthesis, fat absorption, bile uptake, and excretion. Metabolite analysis revealed increased levels of coenzyme Q10 and oleoylethanolamide in the liver tissue, increased levels of deoxycholic acid (DCA) and taurocholic acid (TCA) in the bile acids, increased levels of taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), and decreased levels of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). In conclusion, intranasal GALP administration alleviated weight gain in obese mice fed an HFD via mechanisms involving antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and fatty acid metabolism effects and genetic alterations. The gene expression data are publicly available at NCBI GSE243376.
Characterization of Potential Melanoma Predisposition Genes in High-Risk Brazilian Patients
Authors: Soares de Sá Bianca Costa , Moredo Luciana Facure , Torrezan Giovana Tardin , Fidalgo Felipe , de Araújo Érica Sara Souza , Formiga Maria Nirvana , Duprat João Pereira , Carraro Dirce Maria
Published: October 2023

Increased genetic risk for melanoma can occur in the context of germline pathogenic variants in high-penetrance genes, such as CDKN2A and CDK4, risk variants in low- to moderate-penetrance genes (MC1R and MITF), and possibly due to variants in emerging genes, such as ACD, TERF2IP, and TERT. We aimed to identify germline variants in high- and low- to moderate-penetrance melanoma risk genes in Brazilian patients with clinical criteria for familial melanoma syndrome. We selected patients with three or more melanomas or melanoma patients from families with three tumors (melanoma and pancreatic cancer) in first- or second-degree relatives. Genetic testing was performed with a nine-gene panel (ACD, BAP1, CDK4, CDKN2A, POT1, TERT, TERF2IP, MC1R, and MITF). In 36 patients, we identified 2 (5.6%) with germline pathogenic variants in CDKN2A and BAP1 and 4 (11.1%) with variants of uncertain significance in the high-penetrance genes. MC1R variants were found in 86.5%, and both red hair color variants and unknown risk variants were enriched in patients compared to a control group. The low frequency of germline pathogenic variants in the high-penetrance genes and the high prevalence of MC1R variants found in our cohort show the importance of the MC1R genotype in determining the risk of melanoma in the Brazilian melanoma-prone families.
Molecular Mechanisms for Changing Brain Connectivity in Mice and Humans
Authors: Voelker Pascale , Weible Aldis P. , Niell Cristopher M. , Rothbart Mary K. , Posner Michael I.
Published: October 2023

The goal of this study was to examine commonalities in the molecular basis of learning in mice and humans. In previous work we have demonstrated that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and hippocampus (HC) are involved in learning a two-choice visuospatial discrimination task. Here, we began by looking for candidate genes upregulated in mouse ACC and HC with learning. We then determined which of these were also upregulated in mouse blood. Finally, we used RT-PCR to compare candidate gene expression in mouse blood with that from humans following one of two forms of learning: a working memory task (network training) or meditation (a generalized training shown to change many networks). Two genes were upregulated in mice following learning: caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 6 (Card6) and inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (Impdh2). The Impdh2 gene product catalyzes the first committed step of guanine nucleotide synthesis and is tightly linked to cell proliferation. The Card6 gene product positively modulates signal transduction. In humans, Card6 was significantly upregulated, and Impdh2 trended toward upregulation with training. These genes have been shown to regulate pathways that influence nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a factor previously found to be related to enhanced synaptic function and learning.
Metabolic Profiling, Antiviral Activity and the Microbiome of Some Mauritian Soft Corals
Authors: Jahajeeah Deeya , Ranghoo-Sanmukhiya Mala , Schäfer Georgia
Published: October 2023

Soft corals, recognized as sessile marine invertebrates, rely mainly on chemical, rather than physical defense, by secreting intricate secondary metabolites with plausible pharmaceutical implication. Their ecological niche encompasses a diverse community of symbiotic microorganisms which potentially contribute to the biosynthesis of these bioactive metabolites. The emergence of new viruses and heightened viral resistance underscores the urgency to explore novel pharmacological reservoirs. Thus, marine organisms, notably soft corals and their symbionts, have drawn substantial attention. In this study, the chemical composition of four Mauritian soft corals: Sinularia polydactya, Cespitularia simplex, Lobophytum patulum, and Lobophytum crassum was investigated using LC–MS techniques. Concurrently, Illumina 16S metagenomic sequencing was used to identify the associated bacterial communities in the named soft corals. The presence of unique biologically important compounds and vast microbial communities found therein was further followed up to assess their antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2 and HPV pseudovirus infection. Strikingly, among the studied soft corals, L. patulum displayed an expansive repertoire of unique metabolites alongside a heightened bacterial consort. Moreover, L. patulum extracts exerted some promising antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and HPV pseudovirus infection, and our findings suggest that L. patulum may have the potential to serve as a therapeutic agent in the prevention of infectious diseases, thereby warranting further investigation.
Lecanicilliums A–F, Thiodiketopiperazine-Class Alkaloids from a Mangrove Sediment-Derived Fungus Lecanicillium kalimantanense
Authors: Zhong Lin-Fang , Ling Juan , Luo Lian-Xiang , Yang Chang-Nian , Liang Xiao , Qi Shu-Hua
Published: October 2023

Six new thiodiketopiperazine-class alkaloids lecanicilliums A–F were isolated from the mangrove sediment-derived fungus Lecanicillium kalimantanense SCSIO41702, together with thirteen known analogues. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations were determined by quantum chemical calculations. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra and the structure of Lecanicillium C were further confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Lecanicillium A contained an unprecedented 6/5/6/5/7/6 cyclic system with a spirocyclic center at C-2′. Biologically, lecanicillium E, emethacin B, and versicolor A displayed significant cytotoxicity against human lung adenocarcinoma cell line H1975, with IC50 values of 7.2~16.9 μM, and lecanicillium E also showed antibacterial activity against four pathogens with MIC values of 10~40 μg/mL. Their structure–activity relationship is also discussed.
Prediction of Xe/Kr Separation in Metal-Organic Frameworks by a Precursor-Based Neural Network Synergistic with a Polarizable Adsorbate Model
Authors: Liu Zewei , Xia Qibin , Huang Bichun , Yi Hao , Yan Jian , Chen Xin , Xu Feng , Xi Hongxia
Published: October 2023

Adsorption and separation of Xe/Kr are significant for making high-density nuclear energy environmentally friendly and for meeting the requirements of the gas industry. Enhancing the accuracy of the adsorbate model for describing the adsorption behaviors of Xe and Kr in MOFs and the efficiency of the model for predicting the separation potential (SP) value of Xe/Kr separation in MOFs helps in searching for promising MOFs for Xe/Kr adsorption and separation within a short time and at a low cost. In this work, polarizable and transferable models for mimic Xe and Kr adsorption behaviors in MOFs were constructed. Using these models, SP values of 38 MOFs at various temperatures and pressures were calculated. An optimal neural network model called BPNN-SP was designed to predict SP value based on physical parameters of metal center (electronegativity and radius) and organic linker (three-dimensional size and polarizability) combined with temperature and pressure. The regression coefficient value of the BPNN-SP model for each data set is higher than 0.995. MAE, MBE, and RMSE of BPNN-SP are only 0.331, −0.002, and 0.505 mmol/g, respectively. Finally, BPNN-SP was validated by experiment data from six MOFs. The transferable adsorbate model combined with the BPNN-SP model would highly improve the efficiency for designing MOFs with high performance for Xe/Kr adsorption and separation.
Assessing the Anti-Aging and Wound Healing Capabilities of Etlingera elatior Inflorescence Extract: A Comparison of Three Inflorescence Color Varieties
Authors: Sinsuebpol Chutima , Nakpheng Titpawan , Srichana Teerapol , Sawatdee Somchai , Pipatrattanaseree Weerachai , Burapapadh Kanokporn , Changsan Narumon
Published: October 2023

Torch ginger, Etlingera elatior, is a Zingiberaceae plant with various red, pink, and white inflorescence. The wound healing potential and anti-aging effects of freeze-dried torch ginger inflorescence extracts (FTIEs) from three varieties were compared. The red FTIE had the highest content of phenolic, flavonoid, caffeoylquinic acid, and chlorogenic acid, followed by the white and pink FTIE. Consistent with the chemical constituents, the red FTIE demonstrated the greatest capacities for free radical scavenging, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-collagenase activity, followed by the white and pink FTIE. In cell-based studies, FTIEs displayed cytotoxicity to B16F10 melanoma cells, with the red FTIE showing the greatest activity (LC50 of 115.5 μg/mL). In contrast, the pink and the white FTIEs had less cytotoxicity impact. Nonetheless, at 1000 μg/mL, all three FTIE variants were safe on L929 fibroblasts or RAW 264.7 monocyte cells. White FTIE (500 μg/mL) exhibited the highest activity in stimulating collagen production and the greatest impact on cell migration, whereas the pink and red FTIE had a lesser effect. All FTIEs slightly suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes, with no significant variation between FTIE variants. In conclusion, all FTIEs revealed promising potential for anti-aging cosmeceuticals and wound care products at specific concentrations.
Study on the Biomolecular Competitive Mechanism of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Their Derivatives on Thyroid Hormones
Authors: Liu Shaoheng , Hu Rong , Zhan Hao , You Wanli , Tao Jianjun , Jiang Luhua
Published: October 2023

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used brominated flame retardants. PBDEs and their derivatives, hydroxylated PBDEs (OH-PBDEs), can bind to hormone receptors and impact hormone secretion, transportation, and metabolism, leading to endocrine disruption and the development of various diseases. They have particularly strong interference effects on thyroid hormones. This study used decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209); 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47); and 6-OH-BDE-47 as representative compounds of PBDEs and their derivatives, OH-PBDEs. A fluorescence probe, fluorescein-isothiocyanate-L-thyroxine (FITC-T4, F-T4), specific for binding to transthyretin (TTR), a thyroid transport protein, was prepared. The binding capacity of PBDEs and their derivatives, OH-PBDEs, to TTR was quantitatively measured using fluorescence spectroscopy. The principle of quenching the fluorescence intensity of F-T4 after binding to TTR was used to analyze the competitive interaction between the probe and BDE-209, BDE-47, and 6-OH-BDE-47, thereby evaluating the toxic effects of PBDEs and their derivatives on the thyroid system. Additionally, AutoDock molecular docking software (1.5.6) was used to further analyze the interference mechanism of OH-PBDEs on T4. The results of the study are as follows: (1) Different types of PBDEs and OH-PBDEs exhibit varying degrees of interference with T4. Both the degree of bromination and hydroxylation affect their ability to competitively bind to TTR. Higher bromination and hydroxylation degrees result in stronger competitive substitution. (2) The competitive substitution ability of the same disruptor varies at different concentrations. Higher concentrations lead to stronger substitution ability, but there is a threshold beyond which the substitution ability no longer increases. (3) When OH-PBDEs have four or more bromine atoms and exhibit the most structural similarity to T4, their binding affinity to TTR is stronger than that of T4.
Selected N-Terpenyl Organoselenium Compounds Possess Antimycotic Activity In Vitro and in a Mouse Model of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Authors: Liang Xiuyi , Pacuła-Miszewska Agata J. , Obieziurska-Fabisiak Magdalena , Vartak Richa , Mao Ganming , Patel Ketankumar , Fedosova Natalya U. , Ścianowski Jacek , Billack Blase
Published: October 2023

In the present work, a series of N-terpenyl organoselenium compounds (CHB1-6) were evaluated for antimycotic activity by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each compound in fluconazole (FLU)-sensitive (S1) and FLU-resistant (S2) strains of Candida albicans (C. albicans). The most active compounds in the MIC screen were CHB4 and CHB6, which were then evaluated for cytotoxicity in human cervical cancer cells (KB-3-1) and found to be selective for fungi. Next, CHB4 and CHB6 were investigated for skin irritation using a reconstructed 3D human epidermis and both compounds were considered safe to the epidermis. Using a mouse model of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), CHB4 and CHB6 both exhibited antimycotic efficacy by reducing yeast colonization of the vaginal tract, alleviating injury to the vaginal mucosa, and decreasing the abundance of myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression in the tissue, indicating a reduced inflammatory response. In conclusion, CHB4 and CHB6 demonstrate antifungal activity in vitro and in the mouse model of VVC and represent two new promising antifungal agents.
Optimizing Road Safety: Advancements in Lightweight YOLOv8 Models and GhostC2f Design for Real-Time Distracted Driving Detection
Authors: Du Yingjie , Liu Xiaofeng , Yi Yuwei , Wei Kun
Published: October 2023

The rapid detection of distracted driving behaviors is crucial for enhancing road safety and preventing traffic accidents. Compared with the traditional methods of distracted-driving-behavior detection, the YOLOv8 model has been proven to possess powerful capabilities, enabling it to perceive global information more swiftly. Currently, the successful application of GhostConv in edge computing and embedded systems further validates the advantages of lightweight design in real-time detection using large models. Effectively integrating lightweight strategies into YOLOv8 models and reducing their impact on model performance has become a focal point in the field of real-time distracted driving detection based on deep learning. Inspired by GhostConv, this paper presents an innovative GhostC2f design, aiming to integrate the idea of linear transformation to generate more feature maps without additional computation into YOLOv8 for real-time distracted-driving-detection tasks. The goal is to reduce model parameters and computational load. Additionally, enhancements have been made to the path aggregation network (PAN) to amplify multi-level feature fusion and contextual information propagation. Furthermore, simple attention mechanisms (SimAMs) are introduced to perform self-normalization on each feature map, emphasizing feature maps with valuable information and suppressing redundant information interference in complex backgrounds. Lastly, the nine distinct distracted driving types in the publicly available SFDDD dataset were expanded to 14 categories, and nighttime scenarios were introduced. The results indicate a 5.1% improvement in model accuracy, with model weight size and computational load reduced by 36.7% and 34.6%, respectively. During 30 real vehicle tests, the distracted-driving-detection accuracy reached 91.9% during daylight and 90.3% at night, affirming the exceptional performance of the proposed model in assisting distracted driving detection when driving and contributing to accident-risk reduction.
Facile Synthesis of Needle-like Copper Sulfide Structures as an Effective Electrochemical Sensor Material for Neurotransmitter Detection in Biological Samples
Authors: Santhan Aravindan , Hwa Kuo-Yuan
Published: October 2023

Electrochemical sensors, due to their excellent and unique features, are of high interest nowadays for the detection and monitoring of several biological compounds. In such a case, serotonin (SRN), an important neurotransmitter, was herein studied for its detection in biological fluids since its presence is more crucial to be monitored and detected in clinical and medical applications. Several study strategies have been used to determine the chemical and physical properties. The crystalline size of the constructed copper sulfide (Cu2S) material was measured to be 25.92 nm. The Cu2S was fabricated over the working surface and further analyzed for several sensor parameters to be optimized. The charge transfer resistance of the copper sulfide-modified glassy carbon electrode (Cu2S/GCE) was determined to be about 277.0 Ω. With the linear range from about 0.029 μM to 607.6 μM for SRN, the limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as 3.2 nM, with a good sensitivity of 13.23 μA μM−1 cm2. The sensor experienced excellent repeatability, reproducibility, and long-term stability. The fabricated electrode was selective with the presence of different interfering compounds. The real sample analysis, as determined with the regular addition method with human serum and urine samples, revealed a good recovery percentage. Thus, the employed fabricated electrode material will be highly effective in sensing other analytes of choice.
Coverage Analysis of LoRa and NB-IoT Technologies on LPWAN-Based Agricultural Vehicle Tracking Application
Authors: Soy Hakkı
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on the recently emerged Internet of Vehicles (IoV) concept to provide an integrated agricultural vehicle/machinery tracking system through two leading low power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies, namely LoRa and NB-IoT. The main aim is to investigate the theoretical coverage limits by considering the urban, suburban, and rural environments. Two vehicle tracking units (VTUs) have been designed for LoRa and NB-IoT connectivity technologies that can be used as reference hardware in coverage analysis. On this basis, the closed-form explicit analytical expressions of the maximum transmission range have been derived using the Hata path loss model. Besides, the computer simulation results have been validated via the maps from XIRIO online radio planning tool. In light of the obtained findings, several evaluations have been made to enhance the LPWAN-based agricultural vehicle tracking feasibility in smart farms.
JPEG Image Enhancement with Pre-Processing of Color Reduction and Smoothing
Authors: Shoda Akane , Miyazaki Tomo , Omachi Shinichiro
Published: October 2023

JPEG is the international standard for still image encoding and is the most widely used compression algorithm because of its simple encoding process and low computational complexity. Recently, many methods have been developed to improve the quality of JPEG images by using deep learning. However, these methods require the use of high-performance devices since they need to perform neural network computation for decoding images. In this paper, we propose a method to generate high-quality images using deep learning without changing the decoding algorithm. The key idea is to reduce and smooth colors and gradient regions in the original images before JPEG compression. The reduction and smoothing can suppress red block noise and pseudo-contour in the compressed images. Furthermore, high-performance devices are unnecessary for decoding. The proposed method consists of two components: a color transformation network using deep learning and a pseudo-contour suppression model using signal processing. The experimental results showed that the proposed method outperforms standard JPEG in quality measurements correlated with human perception.
Path Planning for Unmanned Surface Vehicles with Strong Generalization Ability Based on Improved Proximal Policy Optimization
Authors: Sun Pengqi , Yang Chunxi , Zhou Xiaojie , Wang Wenbo
Published: October 2023

To solve the problems of path planning and dynamic obstacle avoidance for an unmanned surface vehicle (USV) in a locally observable non-dynamic ocean environment, a visual perception and decision-making method based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed. This method replaces the full connection layer in the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) neural network structure with a convolutional neural network (CNN). In this way, the degree of memorization and forgetting of sample information is controlled. Moreover, this method accumulates reward models faster by preferentially learning samples with high reward values. From the USV-centered radar perception input of the local environment, the output of the action is realized through an end-to-end learning model, and the environment perception and decision are formed as a closed loop. Thus, the proposed algorithm has good adaptability in different marine environments. The simulation results show that, compared with the PPO algorithm, Soft Actor–Critic (SAC) algorithm, and Deep Q Network (DQN) algorithm, the proposed algorithm can accelerate the model convergence speed and improve the path planning performances in partly or fully unknown ocean fields.
Detection, Verification and Analysis of Micro Surface Defects in Steel Filament Using Eddy Current Principles, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy
Authors: Tran Kim Sang , Shirinzadeh Bijan , Ehrampoosh Armin , Zhao Pan , Shi Yaoyao
Published: October 2023

In the current industrial revolution, advanced technologies and methods can be effectively utilized for the detection and verification of defects in high-speed steel filament production. This paper introduces an innovative methodology for the precise detection and verification of micro surface defects found in steel filaments through the application of the Eddy current principle. Permanent magnets are employed to generate a magnetic field with a high frequency surrounding a coil of sensors positioned at the filament’s output end. The sensor’s capacity to detect defects is validated through a meticulous rewinding process, followed by a thorough analysis involving scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Artificial defects were intentionally introduced into a sample, and their amplitudes were monitored to establish a threshold value. The amplitude signal of these created defect was identified at approximately 10% FSH, which corresponds to a crack depth of about 20 µm. In the experimental production of 182 samples covering 38 km, the defect ratio was notably high, standing at 26.37%. These defects appeared randomly along the length of the samples. The verification results underscore the exceptional precision achieved in the detection of micro surface defects within steel filaments. These defects were primarily characterized by longitudinal scratches and inclusions containing physical tungsten carbide.
WATCH-BPM—Comparison of a WATCH-Type Blood Pressure Monitor with a Conventional Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor and Auscultatory Sphygmomanometry
Authors: Vaseekaran Mathini , Kaese Sven , Görlich Dennis , Wiemer Marcus , Samol Alexander
Published: October 2023

Background: Smart devices that are able to measure blood pressure (BP) are valuable for hypertension or heart failure management using digital technology. Data regarding their diagnostic accuracy in comparison to standard noninvasive measurement in accordance to Riva-Rocci are sparse. This study compared a wearable watch-type oscillometric BP monitor (Omron HeartGuide), a wearable watch-type infrared BP monitor (Smart Wear), a conventional ambulatory BP monitor, and auscultatory sphygmomanometry. Methods: Therefore, 159 consecutive patients (84 male, 75 female, mean age 64.33 ± 16.14 years) performed observed single measurements with the smart device compared to auscultatory sphygmomanometry (n = 109) or multiple measurements during 24 h compared to a conventional ambulatory BP monitor on the upper arm (n = 50). The two BP monitoring devices were simultaneously worn on the same arm throughout the monitoring period. In a subgroup of 50 patients, single measurements were also performed with an additional infrared smart device. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the difference and the mean of the oscillometric Omron HeartGuide and the conventional method for the single measurement was calculated for both systole (0.765) and diastole (0.732). This is exactly how the ICC was calculated for the individual mean values calculated over the 24 h long-term measurement of the individual patients for both systole (0.880) and diastole (0.829). The ICC between the infrared device and the conventional method was “bad” for SBP (0.329) and DBP (0.025). Therefore, no further long-term measurements were performed with the infrared device. Conclusion: The Omron HeartGuide device provided comparable BP values to the standard devices for single and long-term measurements. The infrared smart device failed to acquire valid measurement data.
Symmetry in the Bit-Stream Converter Design
Authors: Bureneva Olga , Safyannikov Nikolay , Mironov Sergey
Published: October 2023

The paper presents the results of the study of the influence of symmetry in the design of bit-stream digital converters. We have shown realizations of the symmetry-based approach at different levels: at the level of basic elements, functional converters, and at the level of processes occurring in bit-streaming devices. Using symmetry in design, we have developed basic bit-stream elements that realize frequently used transformations with good technical performance. As a research result, we present descriptions and implementation results of the designed symmetric bit-stream devices in FPGA chips. Using the proposed elements and the concept of symmetric bit-stream device design, we designed and presented a specialized computing module for a temperature sensor controller.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN MOTIVASI PERAWAT TERHADAP KINERJA PELAKSANAAN ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN DI RSUD KABUPATEN BEKASI TAHUN 2015
Authors: Na Istiqomah
Published: October 2023

Undang – Undang No. 44 Tahun 2009 Tentang Rumah Sakit menekankan bahwaRumah Sakit rumah sakit memiliki peran memberikan pelayanan kesehatan perorangan secaraparipurna untuk menjamin mutu pelayanan kesehatan. Salah satu unsur yang sangat menentukan mutupelayanan di Rumah sakit adalah peran tenaga kesehatan, terutama perawat. Hal ini dikarenakanperawat memiliki proporsi besar, hampir 50% dari seluruh Sumber Daya Manusia Rumah Sakit.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui analisis pengaruh pengetahuan, sikap dna motivasiperawat terhadap pelaksanan Asuhan Keperawatan di RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi. Metode penelitianyang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan jenis penelitian Analitik Kuantitatif. Penelitian inidilaksanakan terhadap 110 orang perawat pelaksanan.Adapun teknik sampling yang digunakan adalahAccidental sampling.Adapun analisis antar variabel menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitiandiperoleh nilai p value < 0,005, dimana pengaruh pengetahuan terhadap kinerja didapatkan p = 0,007dengan OR sebesar 3,056. Sedangkan sikap terhadap kinerja dihasilkan p= 0,020 dengan OR = 2,563,dan motivasi perawat terhadap kinerja Asuhan keperawatan dengan p = 0,000 dengan OR = 8,000.Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara variabel independen terhadapvariabel dependen. Kesimpulan terdapat pengaruh antara pengetahuan, sikap dan motivasi terhadapkinerja pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan di RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi tahun 2015. Saran penelitian inidiharapkan dapat menjadi bahan masukan Rumah sakit dan perawat terkait peningkatan kinerjapelayanan keperawatan, khususnya pelaksanaan Asuhan Keperawatan guna meningkatkan mutulayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT DENGAN PERILAKU PERAWATAN GIGI DAN MULUT PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH 7-9 TAHUN DI SD ISLAM AL AMAL JATICEMPAKA
Authors: Na Yusmanijar , Abdulhaq Mulyanah
Published: October 2023

masalah kesehatan gigi pada anak dapat menjadi masalah yang sangat serius sepertinyeri, kelainan jantung infeksi ginjal dan lambung, kurang asupan gizi, gangguan konsentrasibelajar dan kematian. Dari Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (2018) menyebutkan bahwa di Indonesiayang menyikat gigi setiap hari sebanyak 94,7% yakni dalam rentang usia 3 ≥ tahun, namun yangmelakukan perawatan gigi dengan benar sebanyak 2,8% yakni pagi dan malam. Tujuan penelitiandilakukan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan tentang kesehatan gigidan mulut dengan perilaku perawatan gigi dan mulut pada anak usia sekolah 7-9 tahu di SD IslamAl Amal Jaticempaka. Metode penelitian deskriptif korelasi dengan jumlah populasi 94 respondendan menggunakan total sampling terhadap 94 anak usia 7-9 tahun yang duduk di kelas 2 dan 3 diSD Islam Al Amal Jaticempaka. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai P Asym. Sig (2-sided) = 0,000yang lebih kecil dari nilai ɑ = 5% maka hipotesis H0 ditolak. Simpulan terdapat hubungan antarapengetahuan tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan perilaku perawatan gigi dan mulut pada anakusia sekolah 7-9 tahun. Saran diharapkan anak meningkatkan kesehatan gigi dan mulut sehinggaangka kejadian terhadap masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut dapat berkurang.
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DENGAN SPIRITUAL QUOTIENT (SQ) PADA ANAK USIA REMAJA DI RW 16 KELURAHAN JATIRAHAYU KECAMATAN PONDOK MELATI
Authors: Fadillah Riska Khairuna , Rapingah Siti
Published: October 2023

Pola asuh orang tua sangat penting bagi kelangsungan hidup, tumbuh kembang serta proses pendidikan remaja. Pendidikan spiritual dalam keluarga akan mempengaruhi kehidupan serta  kecerdasan ruhaniyah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan Spiritual Quotient (SQ) pada anak usia remaja. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi berjumlah 60 orang dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Analisis yang digunakan univariat dan bivariat, menggunakan Chi-Square dengan nilai α = 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola asuh orang tua baik 30 (50%) dan pola asuh orang tua tidak baik 30 (50%). Spiritual Quotient (SQ) baik 32 (53,3%) dan tidak baik 28 (46,7). Dari hasil analisis diperoleh nilai P Value 0,000 lebih kecil dari α = 5% (0,05) maka Ha diterima. Simpulan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan Spiritual Quotient (SQ) pada anak usia remaja di RW 16 Kelurahan Jatirahayu Kecamatan Pondok Melati. Saran untuk orang tua harus lebih bijaksana dalam memberikan pengasuhan terhadap anak agar terbentuk kecerdasan spiritual yang baik pula.

 

Parenting is very important for survival, growth and development and the process of adolescent education. Spiritual education in the family will affect the life and intelligence of the spirit. This study aims to determine the relationship between parenting and Spiritual Quotient (SQ) in adolescent children. Research method uses descriptive correlative with cross sectional approach. The population numbered 60 people using total sampling techniques. Result Method used univariate and bivariate, using Chi-Square with a value of α = 5%. The results showed parenting good 30 (50%) and parenting good 30 (50%). Spiritual Quotient (SQ) is good 32 (53.3%) and not good 28 (46.7). From the analysis results obtained P value of 0,000 is smaller than α = 5% (0.05) then  Ha is accepted. Conclusions there is a significant relationship between parenting parents with Spiritual Quotient (SQ) in adolescents in RW 16 Jatirahayu Village Pondok Melati District. Suggestions for parents should be more wise in providing care for children to form good spiritual intelligence as well.
Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Computer Based Instruction (CBI) Menggunakan Adobe Flash Di SMK Negeri 10 Medan
Authors: Nainggolan Anjelina Taripar , Baharuddin Baharuddin
Published: October 2023

The development of Computer Based Instruction (CBI) Interactive Learning Multimedia using the Adobe Flash application aims to determine the feasibility of this media as learning that is applied to Multimedia subjects for class XI SMK Negeri 10 Medan. This research is a type of development research (RD) using the ADDIE development model which has Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation stages. The feasibility test that will be carried out involves 2 media validators, 2 material validators and all class XI students of SMK Negeri 10 Medan. The feasibility validation instrument to be used in this study was adapted from Sriadhi's research instrument which consisted of 3 validation instruments, namely: material instruments, media instruments, and user instruments. Based on the results of the due diligence study obtained from media experts of 4.15 "decent", material experts 4.33 "very feasible", users (students) 4.21 "very feasible" this indicates that the development of Computer Based Instruction-based learning media ( CBI) using the Adobe Flash application is very feasible to apply to Multimedia subjects in class XI at SMK Negeri 10 Medan.
Palaeographic preferences and manuscript contexts of a mid-eleventh-century English legal collection: London, British Library Cotton MS Nero A I (part A)
Authors: Gobitt Thomas
Published: October 2023

This article examines the codicological and palaeographical features of London, British Library Cotton MS Nero A I, fols 3-57 (part ‘ A’), a collection of Anglo-Saxon laws and related texts produced in the third quarter of the eleventh century. Part ‘ A’ itself may have been a composite, with one of the exemplars comprising a self-contained copy of the I-II Cnut law-code and the other being a collection showing interest in the role and duties of judges as well as in the law itself. Detailed study of the codicological features and palaeographic preferences of the contributing scribes allows some of the manuscript’s complex stratigraphy to be unravelled. The production and use of the manuscript demonstrate how scribes and readers continually re-invented both texts and books to suit their ends.
The Vat. Gr. 191, Manuel Bryennius, and a circle of scholars alternative to that of Maximus Planudes
Authors: Biase Emanuele de
Published: October 2023

This article intends to give consistent answers to all the questions that a complex manuscript such as Vat. gr. 191 presents. All the descriptions hitherto published (and an autoptic examination) of this codex give a clear idea of the complexity of its genesis. After highlighting the inconsistencies found in the scientific contributions that aimed at identifying the revisor of this miscellany, this work presents all the information present in Vat. gr. 191 about the revisor, and then matches it with the profile of a prominent scholar of the time, Manuel Bryennius. This hypothesis finds further confirmation in the textual tradition of some of the texts contained in this manuscript, namely, Ptolemy’s Geographia and Diophantus’ Arithmetica.
Problemas metodológicos no estudo dos ciclos econômicos
Authors: Ramos Alexandre Soares , López Daniel Castelo Branco
Published: October 2023

Em tempos de crises econômicas se torna evidente a importância dos debates metodológicos dentro das ciências econômicas. Nesse contexto, as fragilidades das teorias tendem a se tornar mais importantes, o que resulta na necessidade de revisões e mudanças dos rumos tomados nas ciências econômicas. No entanto, aparentemente, simples ajustes não parecem ser suficientes para corrigir certos problemas com os quais nos defrontamos. Provavelmente, necessitaremos revisar as bases do nosso estudo, reformulando tanto os conceitos quanto os métodos de aprendizado. Neste trabalho busca-se explorar alguns desses problemas e propor possíveis soluções.
Potencial erosivo de produtos à base de açaí: discussão da literatura científica
Authors: Crescêncio Thaísa Maria Barros , Alves Ana Catarina Rios Castro , Gois Carla Marinho Barreto , Fernandes Viviane Rodrigues Amorim , Araújo Djairo Vinicius Alves , Bastos Clarissa Moraes , Albuquerque Sylvia Amélia Vasconcelos , Dos Santos Natanael Barbosa
Published: October 2023

O açaí é um alimento funcional com propriedades benéficas à saúde. A polpa do açaí possui pH ácido, o que sugere um potencial erosivo dental. A erosão dental ocorre quando o esmalte dos dentes é exposto aos ácidos de origens intrínseca e extrinseca. Embora não haja um valor crítico de dissolução bem definido, o pH abaixo de 4,5 pode desencadear a desmineralização do esmalte dental. Dessa forma, é importante considerar o potencial erosivo do açaí, uma vez que tem sido observado um consumo cada vez mais frequente de alimentos que possuem o açaí em sua composição. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi discutir, através da literatura científica, o potencial erosivo do açaí no tecido dental. Foram analisados artigos científicos nas bases de dados: “Lilacs”, “Medline”, “PubMed Central-National Library of Medicine”, “PubMed” e “Scielo”, nos últimos 10 anos, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, através das palavras-chave: “Dental erosion”, “Fruit juice”, “Açai”, “pH” e “Enamel dental”, relacionados à erosão dental causada pelo consumo de produtos contendo açaí. Foram encontrados 2541 artigos, após o cruzamento das palavras chaves e leitura dos artigos encontrados, 4 artigos abordaram o potencial erosivo dos produtos contendo açaí. Os resultados das pesquisas mostraram valores de pH de produtos à base de açaí variando entre 2,82 e 5,29, além de diferenças significativas entre os valores iniciais e finais do peso dos espécimes dentários expostos ao açaí, com perda média de 17,8 mg de peso, e redução média de 20,79% da microdureza inicial na superfície (NDK) do esmalte dental. Pode-se concluir que, através da presente discussão da literatura científica, os dados sugerem potencial erosivo dos produtos que contêm açaí em sua composição, sendo necessário mais estudos in vivo, in situ e clínicos para avaliar a relação direta do consumo do açaí com a erosão dental.
Morphotectonic Processes in Seismic Zones of Moderate Intensity, Argentina
Authors: Gutiérrez Adolfo Antonio
Published: October 2023

This study deals with the neotectonic deformation in seismic zones of moderate intensity in some areas of the Sierras Pampeanas, Santa Bárbara System and Chaqueña Plain of Argentina. In the study region, the location of earthquakes of ≥ three, ≥ four, and ≥ six Richter magnitudes agree with the traces of regional faults, evidencing their neotectonic activity. Seismic energy is generally transmitted over inherited faults, such as in the Metan basin. Minor new faults occur in Quaternary terraced deposits,and others move, taking advantage of the Neogene sedimentary strata. The folds are generally buried, but the younger sequences are gently undulating. The seismic energy dissipated through fewer cohesion materials that form the valleys' fill, developing discrete fault scarps and strongly folded conglomerate strata. The foothills deposits and basins absorbed most of the seismic energy released during the reactivation of the faults. Tectonic activity is deforming 630 BP deposits in the Cumbres Calchaquíes piedmont. Considering deformation values, neotectonic deformation in the outcrops and seismic profiles evidence, it is possible to interpret that the seismic activity in the study area from the Pleistocene to the present remained between the current records. This seismic activity, sustained over time, is sufficient to produce deformation in the foothills, reactivate pre-existing faults with small displacements and generate minor new faults in recent conglomeratic deposits. Many faults are blind. However, the deformation of the landscape and the modification of the drainage network are direct indicators of the activity of these structures.