bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liquidity – Profitability Trade-Off on the Example of Companies Listed on Main and Alternative New Connect Markets on Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Bolek Monika , Pluskota Anna , Wolski Rafał
Published: February 2021

The goal of this paper is related to the liquidity and profitability relationship analysis and their maxima assessment in the companies listed in the main and alternative markets of Warsaw Stock Exchange. The trade-off between maximum profitability and liquidity is the result of value maximization and bankruptcy prevention strategies and this approach is expected to be similar in all listed companies due to investors’ expectation. It has been found that there is no difference in management goals in the markets taken into consideration and companies in both research samples maximize profitability within a conservative approach to the liquidity. The maximum liquidity, on the other hand, is determined with a similar level of profitability as measured by ROE on the main market of WSE and NewConnect.
Morphological Characteristics of the Cakal, Mulakat and Oriental Pigeon Breeds Raised in the Marmara Region of Turkey
Authors: Ozbaser F.T. , Erdem E. , Gurcan E.K. , Soysal M.I.
Published: February 2021

This study was aimed to determine the morphological characteristics of Cakal, Mulakat and Oriental roller pigeon in Marmara region in Turkey. The study materials were consisted of 300 pigeons reared in 16 different enterprieses. The pigeons were examined for plumage colour, markings, head crest and foot feathers, eye colour, number of wing feathers, number of tail feathers, body weight and some other morphological measurements. Statistically significant differences were observed between the sex groups for body weight, head width, beak depth, trunk length (P less than 0,001) in Çakal, Mulakat and Oriental pigeons. It was determined that, in comparison to the local Turkey pigeon breeds (Bursa and Thrace roller, Ankara Tumbler, Squadron Flyer, Dewlap) raised in Turkey, the Cakal is small-sized, the Mulakat is medium-sized and the Oriental is large-sized. Furthermore, the comparison of the age groups for some morphological measurements demonstrated that the Oriental and Cakal pigeons grew slower than the Mulakat pigeon.
A RIPENESS STUDY OF OIL PALM FRESH FRUIT AT THE BUNCH DIFFERENT POSITIONS
Authors: Sinambela Rismen
Published: February 2021

The paper aims to study the position of the optimum oil palm ripeness at the bunch different positions. This information is essential to complete a measurement procedure to detect oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) maturity so that the detection devices can directly measure the optimal mature position as a representative of the entire FFB characteristics. In this study, the oil palm FFB (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. var. tenera) with the various ripeness stages (4 until 22 weeks after anthesis) were collected and divided from three positions, i.e., proximal, central and distal. Moreover, each fruit in each of these positions was subjected to sample preparation to identify water and oil content. The water and oil content were completed based on the oven test method and the Soxhlet extraction technique, respectively. The optimum ripeness position is determined based on the lowest water content and the highest oil content. Based on the analysis, during the process of oil palm maturation occurs a decrease in water content and an increase in oil content. In addition, the average water content of palm fruit varies greatly depending on its position based on the analysis, i.e., proximal (45.38±5.62%), central (35.30±3.34%) and distal (41.98±2.57%). The average oil content of oil palm fruit in the central position is higher oil content (25.10±1.72%) compared to the proximal (10.00±0.77%) and distal position (13.77±1.22%). We suspect that the chemical content differences of palm fruit in various positions are due to the inequality of the respiration rate and ethylene production throughout FFB. In addition, overall it can be concluded that the fruit in the central FFB position has an optimal ripeness level compared to the proximal and distal position. Thus, the measurement position recommended in evaluating palm maturity is at the central position of FFB.
Analisis Rasio Energi pada Produksi Biodiesel dengan Reaktor Berpengaduk Statik Sistem Kontinu (Energy Ratio Analysis on Biodiesel Production Using Continuous Static Mixing Reactor)
Authors: Tulliza Inge Scorpi , Tambunan Armansyah Halomoan , Hartulistiyoso Edy , Kusdiana Dadan
Published: February 2021

Energy ratio analysis of various methods and technology of biodiesel production is needed to get an idea of the effectiveness of the method or technology used. This study aims to analyze the energy ratio in the biodiesel production process with a continuous static mixing reactor. RE2 values for biodiesel production using a continuous static mixing reactor with catalysts 0.3% (w/w) and 0.5% (w/w), respectively are 0.94 and 1.03. The addition of the number of modules to achieve the conversion rate required in accordance with SNI-7182 (2018) can increase the energy ratio to 1.10 in the use of catalysts 0.3% (w/w), and 1.09 with the use of a 0.5% catalyst (w/w). The energy ratio value with the addition of the module is about 10% higher than the ratio value for the bacth method using a 1% catalyst and the SMV method without catalyst.
Pengaruh Amplitudo Ultrasonik dan Waktu Ekstraksi Terhadap Rendemen dan Mutu Oleoresin Pala
Authors: Budiastra I Wayan , Mardjan Sutrisno Suro , Azis Ahmuhardi Abdul
Published: February 2021

Nutmeg oleoresin is one of the nutmeg derivative products with high values produced from the extraction process. The conventional extraction process using maceration takes a long time so that it is less suitable for industries needs. This study aims to examine the UAE direct sonication method for increasing yield and quality of nutmeg eleoresin. Nutmeg with optimal maturity level were harvested, dried and milled into 60 mesh particle size. Nutmeg powder of 200 g was placed in beaker glass filled with etanol 800 ml (material and solvent ratio 1:4) and UAE was carried out using a sonicator with a frequency of 20 kHz and power of 700 W. Four ultrasound amplitude levels (45, 60, 75, 90%) and four levels of extraction time (30, 45, 60, 75 minutes) were taken as UAE treatments. Extraction using maceration at room temperature for 7 hours was done as control.  The results showed that the greater the amplitude of the ultrasound, the higher the yield of nutmeg oleoresin. The longer the extraction time, the higher the yield of nutmeg oleoresin. Ultrasonic assisted extraction can increase nutmeg oleoresin yield by 11 to 52% and faster time (<= 1,25 hour) than maceration extraction method (7 hours).
Kombinasi Iradiasi dan Coating Kitosan untuk Pengendalian Cendawan Thielaviopsis paradoxa pada Buah Salak Selama Penyimpanan
Authors: Lestari Sri , Ahmad Usman , Iriani Evi Savitri , Kurniawan Fajar
Published: February 2021

Snake fruit is one of the export potential fruit which is susceptible to fungus. The objectives of this study are to analyze the effect of irradiation and chitosan coating on snake fruit damage caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa and to determine the best treatment that can be used to control T. paradoxa fungus attack on snake fruit during storage. The treatments consist of 3 types: (1) irradiation (0.5 kGy; 1 kGy; 1.5 kGy), (2) coating followed by irradiation (0.5 kGy;1 kGy;1.5 kGy), (3) control (no treatment). The samples are stored at 12 oC (RH 70-75%). The results shows that the chitosan irradiation and coating treatment was proven to inhibit the growth of T. paradoxa fungus during storage. The best treatment is the the treatment with use 1 kGy irradiation dose which is combined with chitosan coating. The fruit damage for 20 days of storage is 41.67% with the severity of the disease is 21.67%. In application, the technology can effectively be applied considering the fungus attack on fruit is not as heavily as that in research. Irradiation dose of 1.5 kGy causes the flesh to mature.
Effect of Feeding Quails with Mixture Feeds Composed of Crab Waste Meal, Leubim Fish Waste Meal, and Broken Rice Grains as Partly Substitution of Commercial Diet on Egg Quality
Authors: Zulfan Zulfan , Latif Herawati , Fitri Cut Aida , Aswita Evi
Published: February 2021

In rearing quails, many attempts have been done to reduce feed cost among other things by replacing partly commercial diet with numerous alternative feed sources such as crab waste meal (CWM), leubim fish (Canthidermis maculata) waste meal (LFWM), and broken rice grains (BRG). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using a mixture feeds composed of CWM + LFWM + BRG as a substitute for commercial laying chicken diets on the quality of quail eggs. This research was conducted at the Field Laboratory of Animal Husbandry and the Laboratory of Poultry Production Science, Syiah Kuala University. This study used 80 female quails (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) females aged 4 weeks. The treatment was feeding quails with the commercial diet of laying hen (324-1M) of which 0, 10, 20, and 30% of the diets was substituted by the mixture feeds composed of CWM + LFWM + BRG.  The study was performed into block randomized design (BRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replicate blocks.  The blocks were established based on the different initial body weights of 4-week ages of female quails.    Each treatment was an experimental unit consisting of 5 female quails each. The measured parameters were Yolk Index (YI), yolk color, Albumen Index (AI), eggshell thickness, and egg weight.   The results of the study indicated that using up to 30% mixture feeds composed of 7,5% CWM + 9,1% LFWM + 13,4% BRG as a substitute for commercial laying chicken diets most significantly increased yolk index and yolk color of quail eggs.  However, the albumen index, eggshell thickness, and egg weight were not significantly affected.
Reduction Spermatozoa Motility and Viability on Various Local Chickens During Storage at 5℃
Authors: Hidayat Nu'man , Nurul Hidayah Chomsiatun , Prasetiyo Nugroho Aras
Published: February 2021

The research compared the changes motility and viability of sperm from various local chickens during storage at 5℃ for 72 hours. Semen was collected every three days using the dorsal-abdominal massage from twelve chickens consisting of Kedu, Sentul and Pelung chicken. semen was diluted in extender contains 90% lactate ringer and 10% egg yolk extender with 0.025% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 2% vitamin E (LREYSE). Sperm motility and viability was observed every 12 hours and the measurements were made up to 72 hours of storage. Complete random design repeated measurement with 4 replications was used in this study. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data and followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed sperm motility declined and sperm viability reduced during storage for all breeds. The significant declined of motility between breeds were only observed at 60 and 72 hours and the reduced viability between breeds was observed at 72 hours of storage. The declined sperm motility for Kedu chicken (31.59±3.26% and 75.36±1.25%) and Pelung chicken (36.11±4.05% and 75.83±5.34%) were significantly lower (p<0.05) than Sentul Chicken (50.39±2.60% and 95.00±5.00%) at 60 and 72 hours of storage respectively, while the decline sperm viability of Kedu chicken (57.59±3.64%) and Pelung chicken (54.39±5.73%) was significantly lower (p<0.05) than Sentul Chicken (90.30±9.70%) after 72 hours storage. It can be concluded that the reduction sperm motility and viability of Kedu and Pelung chicken is lower than Sentul chicken which are stored at 5℃ for 72 hours.
Evaluating the Digestibility of Ammonia Fermented (Amofer) Corn Cob Using Different Levels of M21 Decomposer and Urea (In Vitro Study)
Authors: Fitria Restuti , Siti Rahmawati Zulaikhah  , Novita Hindratiningrum
Published: February 2021

This research aimed to evaluate the addition of M21 Decomposer (MD) and urea (U) on the Dry matter digestibility (DMD) and Organic matter digestibility (OMD) in vitro. There were five treatments and five replicates. The treatments in this study were the addition of MD and U at different levels. namely R0 = Corn cob without amofer/control; R1 = Amofer Corn cob plus 0.04% MD+3% U; R2 = Amofer Corn cob plus 0.06% MD+3% U; R3 = Amofer Corn cob plus 0.04% MD+5% U; and R4 = Amofer Corn cob plus 0.06% MD+5% U. The obtained data were subjected to Analysis of Variance and continued by an Orthogonal Contrast. The result showed that the treatments significantly affected (P<0.05) both DMD and OMD digestibility. The digestibility of amofer corncob was higher than the non-amofer that exhibited 17.982±2.4409% DMD and 26.024±3.009% OMD. The highest DMD and OMD digestibility was observed in R4. i.e.. 24.655±4.858% and 34.276±5.176%. respectively. In conclusion. the best  level  in the incorporating MD and U is at MD 0.06%  and U 5%  could improve DMD by 6.673% and OMD by 8.252%.
Roosting behaviour of radio-tracked Tasmanian Masked Owls Tyto novaehollandiae castanops
Authors:   School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay TAS 7005, Australia, Young David , Bell Phil ,   School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay TAS 7005, Australia,   Forest Practices Authority, 30 Patrick Street, Hobart TAS 7000, Australia, Mooney Nick
Published: February 2021

Roost-sites and roosting behaviour are described for a juvenile female, an adult female and an adult male Tasmanian Masked Owl Tyto novaehollandiae castanops in a forest–farmland landscape. The two female Owls were radiotracked, and frequently used roost-sites in the core area of use. Roost-sites were typically associated with small watercourses, on the edges of large contiguous forest patches within a complex mosaic of forest and pasture. The juvenile Owl used many different vegetation roost-sites after dispersing from her presumed natal territory. In contrast, the adult female used few roosts, including two vegetation roosts and one tree-hollow, and only one roost (a tree-hollow) was located for the adult male. The primary tree-hollow roost-sites of the male and female Owls were <400 m apart and were both <1200 m from a suspected nest-tree. This strongly suggests that the spatial proximity of nest- and roost-sites may be critical to facilitate territorial, foraging and reproductive behaviours of breeding pairs. Increased knowledge of spatial ecology and utilisation of tree-hollows by adult Tasmanian Masked Owls is crucial for their conservation.
Improved error estimates for an exponentially convergent quadratures
Authors: Belov Alexander Alexandrovich , Kalitkin Nikolaj Nikolaevich , Tintul Maksim Alexandrovich
Published: February 2021

Calculation of the multidimensional cubatures in unit hypercube is a complex problem of numerical methods, and its application value is great. This paper compares various calculation methods: product of regular one-dimensional grid formulae, classical Monte Carlo method using pseudorandom points and the Sobol sequences. It is suggested to use not any Sobol sequences, but only the ones with magic numbers N equal to powers of 2. In addition, the shifted Sobol points are proposed: all coordinates of the magic Sobol points are simultaneously increased by 1/(2N). Comparisons on the test showed that the latter method is significantly more accurate than all the others.
Dietetic approaches to organisation of a ketogenic diet in children with epilepsy
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pyrieva E.A. , Safronova A.I. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Toboleva M.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Osipova K.V. ,   V.F.Voyno-Yasenetsky Research and Practical Centre of Specialised Medical Care for Children, Moscow Department of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vlasova E.O. ,   V.F.Voyno-Yasenetsky Research and Practical Centre of Specialised Medical Care for Children, Moscow Department of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2021

The article presents current dietetic approaches to organisation of a ketogenic diet (KD) in children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. The indications, contraindications, side effects of KD are considered as well as methods of control over patients who receive ketogenic diet therapy, information recourses for it’s application are provided. Characteristics of KDs used in epilepsy are given – the classical, MCT, the Atkins modified diet, and a low-glycemic diet. The role of specialised food products designed for patients who need a ketogenic diet is outlined. The results of studying the actual nutrition of children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy who receive KD are indicative of a considerable decrease, as compared with the recommended allowances, of the levels of vitamins (С, В1, В2, folates, D3) and mineral substances (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, selenium). The results demonstrate good prospects for a broader application of KD in clinical practice with collaboration of neurologists and dietitians. Key words: children, ketogenic diet, ketone bodies, medium-chain triglycerides, epilepsy
The importance of Ukraine’s political and economic relationship with the United Arab Emirates for the Lublin Triangle
Authors:   Zayed University, Krzymowski Adam
Published: February 2021

The presented research paper demonstrates the dynamic development of political and economic relations between Ukraine and the United Arab Emirates as well as their importance for projects involving the implementation of the Lublin Triangle. The results and findings of the research show that without taking into account the state-owned company from Dubai DP World, the success of the strategic cooperation between Ukraine, Poland, and Lithuania in transportation, as well as in the energy sector, will be limited. For this reason, it is necessary to include the Emirate company in some projects of the Lublin Triangle. Moreover, strategic alliances of the United Arab Emirates with states and international organizations of the Euro-Atlantic community, including the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, should be noted. In this context, the strategic importance of the UAE’s partnership with Central and Eastern Europe should be taken into account. Moreover, a close, deep alliance with the United Arab Emirates will contribute to increasing the impact of the Lublin Triangle states on transatlantic partners. In addition, the UAE, being an economic and trade hub where the interests of Europe, the United States of America, the Middle East, Africa and Asia intersect, can contribute to increasing the role of Central and Eastern Europe in the global dimension. The Emirati company DP World is one of the largest global corporations, with around 150 branches in the world and working for seaports, terminals, industrial parks, logistics and economic zones. So, this Emirati economic entity has great potential in ensuring Central and Eastern Europe an effective supply chain and stable development of trade in the upcoming increasingly aggressive economic wars.
Reproductive Plans And Utilization of Contraceptives Among Women Living With HIV
Authors: Adeleye Khadija Kofoworola , Akinwaare Margaret Omowaleola , Adejumo Prisca Olabisi
Published: February 2021

Background: Despite public health policies aimed at providing universal access to reproductive health care services, the reproductive health needs of women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (WLHIV) are not adequately met. This study assesses the reproductive plans and utilization of contraceptives among WLHIV.

Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study, which adopted a mixed method approach. A total of 400 respondents were recruited from two tertiary health institutions in Nigeria using systematic sampling technique. A validated structured self-administered questionnaire developed by the researcher was used to collect quantitative data for the study. The questionnaire consists of close ended questions related to study objectives. Quantitative data collected were coded and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) windows version 22 and statistical significance was set at p <0.05. The qualitative aspect of the study utilized focus group discussion for data collection.

Results: The mean and standard deviation (SD) age of enrolled respondents was 37.42
Protocol for Decoding the Protein Composition of Whole Nucleosomes with Nuc-MS: Sample Preparation, Data Acquisition and Analysis
Authors: Schachner Luis F. , Lee Alexander S. , Kelleher Neil L.
Published: February 2021

The disassembly and digestion of nucleosome particles in current proteomics approaches forfeits correlations among histones and blurs nucleosome-level information. We developed Nuc-MS which analyzes whole nucleosomes and displays their histone modifications and variants in a single mass spectrum. In this protocol, we provide step-by-step instructions for preparation of mononucleosomes for mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, and parameter sets for Nuc-MS data acquisition and data analysis.
Controlled femoral cracking for reduction of hip arthroplasty in high riding hips: Is it safe?
Authors: Yaradılmış Yüksel , Okkaoğlu Mustafa , Özdemir Erdi , Ateş Ahmet , Demirkale İsmail , Altay Murat
Published: February 2021

Background: As subtrochanteric femoral osteotomy extends the operating time and increases bleeding, it is a complex surgical procedure, which exposes the patient to complications. The aim of this study was to describe the controlled femoral cracking method as a safely reduction method and to present the results of this method used in hip arthroplasty without femoral osteotomy in high dislocated hip.Methods: A retrospective examination included 40 Crowe III/IV patients for whom shortening was not planned preoperatively. Femoral osteotomy was planned for Crowe III/IV patients who were expected to have >4cm lengthening according to the preoperative templating. Patients were evaluated in respect of functional results, limb length discrepancy (LLD) and complications. Of the 40 patients applied with surgery without shortening, controlled femoral cracking was required in 20 cases, and no additional procedure was required during reduction in 20 cases. The patients applied with controlled femoral cracking were evaluated in respect of functional results, operating time, actual LLD and complications.Results: The patients comprised 3 males and 37 females with a mean age of 53.7±9.54 years. The mean follow-up period was 38±6.54 months (range, 24-66 months). The Harris Hip Score (HHS) was mean 45.96 preoperatively and 89.44±6.4 (range, 84-99) postoperatively. LLD was determined as 3.4±0.7cm preoperatively and 0.7±0.5 cm (range, 0-2 cm) postoperatively (p<0.05). The final HHS was 88.2±6.3 in patients applied with controlled femoral cracking and 90.3±6.5 (range, 86-99) in those not applied with controlled femoral cracking (p=0.740). No increase in complications was observed in the patients applied with controlled femoral cracking.Conclusion: In patients where more than 4 cm of lengthening is not expected preoperatively, arthroplasty can be successfully managed without a shortening femoral osteotomy. The controlled femoral cracking technique is safe, does not increase LLD or nerve palsy rate, and shortens operating time with less blood loss.
Wave of net zero greenhouse gas emission targets opens window on meeting the Paris Agreement
Authors: Höhne Niklas , Gidden Matthew , Elzen Michel , Hans Frederic , Fyson Claire , Geiges Andreas , Jeffery Louise , Gonzales Sofia , Mooldijk Silke , Hare Willion , Rogelj Joeri
Published: February 2021

The wave of national net zero CO2 and greenhouse gas emission targets could, if fully implemented, reduce best estimates of projected global average temperature increase to 2.1–2.4°C by 2100 and could bring achievement of the Paris Agreement within reach. 127 countries are discussing, have announced or have adopted net zero targets, which together cover 63% of global emissions. Together, these net zero targets could significantly lower projected global warming compared to currently implemented policies (2.9 to 3.2°C) or to the pledges submitted to the Paris Agreement (2.6 to 2.9°C).
CrOx-mediated Performance Enhancement of Ni/NiO-Mg:SrTiO3 in Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Han Kai , Haiber Diana , Knöppel Julius , Lievens Caroline , Cherevko Serhiy , Crozier Peter A. , Mul Guido , Mei Bastian
Published: February 2021

By photodeposition of small quantities of CrOx on SrTiO3-based semiconductors, doped with aliovalent Mg(II) and functionalized with Ni/NiO catalytic nanoparticles (economically significantly more viable than commonly used Rh catalysts), an increase in Apparent Quantum Efficiency (AQEs) from ~10% to 26% in overall water splitting was obtained. Deposition of CrOx also significantly enhances the stability of Ni/NiO nanoparticles in production of hydrogen, allowing sustained operation, even in intermittent cycles of illumination. In situ elemental analysis of the water constituents during, or after photocatalysis, shows that after CrOx deposition, dissolution of Ni-ions from Ni/NiO-Mg:SrTiO3 is significantly suppressed, explaining the stabilizing effect of CrOx on water splitting performance. State-of-the-art electron microscopy and EDX and EELS analyses demonstrate that upon preparation, CrOx is photodeposited in the vicinity of several, but not all, Ni/NiO particles. This implies the formation of a Ni-Cr mixed metal oxide, which is highly effective in water reduction. Inhomogeneities in the interfacial contact, evident from differences in contact angles between Ni/NiO particles and the Mg:SrTiO3 semiconductor, likely affect the probability of reduction of Cr(VI)-species during synthesis by photodeposition, explaining the observed inhomogeneity in the spatial CrOx distribution. Furthermore, by comparison with undoped SrTiO3, Mg-doping appears essential in providing such favorable interfacial contact and to establish the beneficial effect of CrOx. This study suggests that the performance of semiconductors can be significantly improved if inhomogeneities in interfacial contact between semiconductors and highly effective catalytic nanoparticles can be resolved by (surface) doping and improved synthesis protocols.
Mid-Term Results of Large-Diameter Ceramic-Bearing Monoblock Acetabular Components in THA.
Authors: Murylev Valeriy , Elizarov Pavel , Muzychenkov Alexey , Rukin Yaroslav , Kukovenko Grigoriy , Alexeev Semen , Elizarov Michail
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Durability and better function are the challenging issue of any tribological pair. Ceramic on Ceramic (CoC) friction pairs should provide long-term wear and functional results.Objectives: To evaluate the mid-term results of using the monoblock acetabular system Maxera Cup (Zimmer Biomet) in cementless total hip arthroplasty.Materials and Methods: We evaluated the THA with Monoblock Maxera Cup (Zimmer Biomet) acetabular system in 93 patients. The mean follow-up was 4 years (49.5 ± 11.7 months). All 103 total hip arthroplasty cases in 93 patients were divided into 3 groups according to the diameters of CoC friction pairs (40, 44, 48 mm) used. The achieved functional results were evaluated using the Harris Hip Score (HHS) scale. Results: When assessing long-term results, the average score on the HHS scale significantly increased. During the first year after surgery, there was a 2.2-fold improvement in functional results. There was inconsistent creaking in the implanted joint in only 2.6% of cases with a CoC friction pair with a diameter of 44 mm. Conclusions:The CoC monoblock provides good joint function as perceived by the patient. Acoustic effects, in the form of a minor creaking, did not affect the functional results.
Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Extract From Lantana Camara L. Leaves
Authors: Lourenço Bondy Jorge , Kiza Asimbawe , JOÃO ABRÃO AMÂNDIO , Niconte Clemência FÉLIX ODALA , Vintuar POMPÍLIO ARMANDO , GWEMBE EUSÉBIO ANDRÉ PEDRO , CUINICA LÁZARO GONÇALVES
Published: February 2021

Background: Currently, several studies are being conducted to test antibacterial activity of various medicinal plants, in attempt to develop new antibiotics or to potentiate the action of antibiotics of known clinical use. In this research, phytochemical analysis and in vitro antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Lantana camara L were performed.The extracts were obtained through maceration with 90% ethanol. In phytochemical analysis, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins were identified using specific reagents for each class.The antibacterial activity was analyzed using the disk diffusion method according to Kirby-Bauer, against Escherichia coli and Staphylococus aureus. Results: The diameters of the inhibition halos varied between 0.7 and 12 mm, with an average of 8.26 mm for strains of S. aureus and there was no inhibition for E. coli. The results showed a significant difference between the inhibition halos and the tested concentrations for S. aureus. Conclusions: L. camara leaf extracts are rich in bioactive compounds and have a good antibacterial potential against S. aureus and not for E. coli. And there was no relationship between the concentration of the extract and the diameter of the halo of inhibition of the evaluated microorganism.
Osimertinib- Cardiac Dysfunction with Prolonged QTc Interval: Case Report
Authors: Medepalli Lalitha C , Jolly Pradeep C , Baliga Ragavendra R , Vallakati Ajay
Published: February 2021

Background: Osimertinib has improved outcomes and is indicated by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated lung cancer. Osimertinib use is associated with cardiac-related adverse events, including cardiac dysfunction and or prolonged QTc interval. There is an increasing need for a comprehensive evaluation prior to the initiation of Osimertinib with detailed assessment of clinical history particularly looking at the cardiovascular risk factors, a protocol driven close cardio-oncology with periodic electrolyte and ECG monitoring during the therapy, as these high risk patients are associated with higher rates of cardiotoxicity compared with the low risk patient population.Case presentation: We report a patient who presented with cardiomyopathy, manifested by prolonged QTc interval, new valvular and left ventricular systolic dysfunction, six months into her treatment with Osimertinib. With a timely detection and treatment of her electrolyte abnormality and poor oral intake, we were able to correct the markedly prolonged QTc interval and to prevent potential life threatening arrhythmia. Conclusions: Patients receiving third generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Osimertinib, should be carefully monitored for development of cancer treatment-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Significant number of these patients also have other associated cardiac risk factors and comorbidities including poor nutrition. With poor po intake due to comorbidities this sub group of patients are even more susceptible to significant electrolyte abnormalities. Our case highlights the importance of close monitoring of especially these patients with regular electrocardiograms (EKGs), electrolyte panels, along with assessment of left ventricular function when needed to detect and intervene Osimertinib related cardiotoxicity.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution Indices in Surface Sediments From Southwestern Bay of Bengal, India
Authors: Sadanandan Harikrishnan , Dharmalingam Senthil Nathan , Agarwal Nitin , Mouttoucomarassamy Sridharan , Nagarajan Anbuselvan
Published: February 2021

The study of heavy metal distribution in the shelf sediments of Southwestern part of Bay of Bengal is essential in determining the distribution pattern and to understand the consequences of marine pollution beside the coastal environment. The south eastern coastal areas of India are affected by several disturbances and contamination associated with accelerated industrialization and urbanization. Twenty-nine surface sediment samples were collected from shelf region of Southwestern part of Bay of Bengal and analyzed for sediment texture, organic matter and heavy metals. Pollution indices such as Enrichment Factor (EF), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF) as well as multivariate statistical analyses were used to recognize the pollution pattern and probable sources for metal contamination. Comparatively, the concentration of heavy metals in the study area is closely associated with finer fractions and organic matter. The results demonstrate that Cu, Co, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cr and Ni in most of the sites are extremely contaminated in terms of Igeo. The computed values of CF indicate very high contamination of the metals like Pb, Zn and Cr followed by uncontamination to moderate contamination of Cu, Mn, Ni, Co. Based on factor analysis, domestic and industrial activities from adjacent land areas are found to be the major contributors of heavy metals in the shelf sediments.
Investigation of The Biochemical, and Histopathological Effects of Alpinia Officinarum Rhizome Extract Against Cisplatin-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Ashtari Atefeh , Niazvand Firoozeh , Azari Mahdi , Chamkouri Narges
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Alpinia officinarum rhizome extract (AORE) on cisplatin (CP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. In this regard, 44 male rats were divided into six groups including the control group, AORE control group, CP control group, and three groups of CP (7 mg/kg dose, on the tenth day) with AORE (at concentrations of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, daily for 14 days). After 14 days, the rats' livers were removed and their liver function was assessed using biochemical marker enzymes. Oxidative stress was assessed by evaluating malondialdehyde concentration and hepatic superoxide dismutase activity and a histopathological test was also conducted. According to the results, the group treated with CP had severe liver damage and the group treated with AORE had no harm compared with the control group. Among the groups receiving CP and AORE (at different concentrations), the group with 200 mg/kg AORE showed the lowest liver damage compared to the other two groups.
Microbial Conversion of Lignin-Based Compounds Into Carotenoids By Rhodococci
Authors: Chen Zhu , Wan Caixia
Published: February 2021

Lignin valorization is considered an integral part for an economically viable biorefinery. However, heterogenous nature of lignin imposes a big challenge for upgrading diverse lignin-derived intermediates and subsequent downstream processing. To overcome this challenge, we proposed to explore unique convergent pathways in Rhodococus strains to funnel lignin-derived compounds into single target products. A feasible bioprocess for co-production of lipids and carotenoids from lignin by Rhodococci was developed. This process would potentially extract more values from lignin via biological upgrading of lignin.
The Glycosyltransferase ST3GAL2 Modulate the Proliferation and Inflammation Response in PRRSV Infection 
Authors: Song Yinna , Guo Yanyu , Li Xiaoyang , Sun Ruiqi , Zhu Min , Tan Zheng , Swaiba Umm E , Zhang Lilin , huang jinhai
Published: February 2021

The viral proliferation process of envelop viruses including invasion, assembly, and release process is impacted by glycosylation. Sialic acid modification mainly exists in the terminal glycosylation of proteins and lipids. In this study, the effect of porcine sialylglycosyltransferase (ST3GAL2) on virus proliferation, as well as regulation of inflammatory factor in PRRSV-infected 3D4/21 cell model were analyzed. The expression of ST3GAL2 was up-regulated in PRRSV-infected 3D4/21 cells. The expression of ST3GAL2 that promote the proliferation of PRRSV was determined by overexpression and interference experiment. The ST3GAL2 localizes to Golgi apparatus and interacts with PRRSV structural protein GP2a was verified by confocal microscopy and co-immnoprecipitation array, which may play roles in the assembly of PRRSV envelope and virus proliferation. The expression of ST3GAL2 also impacts the expression of inflammatory cytokines, which regulate cellular immunity and promote the immune escape of PRRSV from innate immunity. Our results highlighted a potential mechanism whereby ST3GAL2 promotes PRRSV proliferation and offers the anti-inflammatory role of ST3GAL2 in cellular immunity.
COVID 19 in Patients With Primary Immunodeficiency
Authors: Esenboga Saliha , Ocak Melike , Akarsu Ayşegul , Bildik Hacer Neslihan , Cagdas Deniz , Iskit Arzu Topeli , Tezcan Ilhan
Published: February 2021

The results and the complications following SARS-CoV2 infection in individuals with primary immunodeficiency(PID) remain unclear. The objective of this study is to report the course, follow-up, outcome of COVID 19 in 26 patients with PIDs from a tertiary PID center in Turkey. Infection mortality rate was found to be %7.69 which is eight times higher than infection mortality rate (%0.97) in general population in Turkey. Although it is clear that mortality in patients with PID is higher than in the normal population, it is difficult to suggest a more risky group among primary immunodeficiencies for COVID-19 with a complicated course according to the data published so far. The groups are quite heterogeneous regarding age, sex and comorbidities, but it is remarkable that patients who underwent HSCT with curative treatment had an uncomplicated course despite comorbidities. Future studies as metaanalysis getting data together may help to get a more reliable conclusion.
Acute toxicity test under optimal conditions of two commercial reactive dyes using the Fenton-like process: Assessment of process factors by Box–Behnken design
Authors: Srik Natwat , Neramittagapong Arthit , Srip Pongsert , Neramittagapong Sutasinee , Theerakulpisut Somnuk , Grisdanurak Nurak
Published: February 2021

Reactive dye has generally been used in woven cotton fabric dyeing industries. Some treatments of several reactive dyes may produce more toxicity than the original dyes. The objectives of this study were to find the optimal condition on dye degradation efficiency of commercial reactive red dye 36 (DR36) and reactive violet dye 30 (DV30) using Fenton-like reaction, and to determine acute toxicity by static bioassay method under the optimal condition. The experiment was designed by Box Behnken Design (BBD), in which an initial pH, catalyst dosage and initial concentration of H2O2 were considered as independent variables. The results showed that only an initial pH solution was the principal parameter which influenced decolorization of the reactive dyes. Other factors were much less significant. The optimal conditions were found to be given by pH 3, 1 g/L of catalyst dosage, 27.63 mM of concentration of H2O2 for DR36, and pH 3, 1.35 g/L of catalyst dosage, 45 mM of concentration of H2O2 for DV30. Ninety percent of both decolorization were achieved in 30 min. Acute toxicity tests of the treated solutions using freshwater fairy shrimps (Streptocephalus sirindhornae) revealed that the shrimps survived longer than 24 h, indicating that the treated solutions were not acutely toxic. The average leaked iron, ADMI value and total organic carbon were found to be less than 10 ppm, 5 ADMI and 9.17 ppm respectively, in the treated samples. This research demonstrated an efficient method for decolorization of the reactive dyes with low acute toxicity.
Threshold Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth: New Evidence From a Panel Regime Switching Models
Authors: Kalai Maha , Kamel HELALI
Published: February 2021

The article contributes to the existing literature by examining the non-linear effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the development of the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU) countries during the period 1980-2019. These countries multiply their FDI attraction policies in order to enrich the national externalities offered to local businesses and benefit from some positive effects on their economy in terms of growth, technology, know-how, etc. Using Panel Smooth Transition Regression Model (PSTR) and Panel Smooth Transition Autoregressive Model (PSTAR) models, our findings reveal that the FDI shows opposite effects below and over the estimated threshold. This highlights the asymmetrical effect of unforeseen shocks on its volatility. Policy implications are also discussed.JEL Classification: C51; C53; F21; F21; F34; O16; O23; R11.
Production optimization using Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken designs with partial characterization of amylase from marine actinomycetes
Authors: Bukhari Sarah I , Al-Agamy Mohamed H , Kelany Mahmoud S , Hazani Mohammad R Al , Hamed Moaz M
Published: February 2021

Amylase is an industrial enzyme that is used in the food and biofuel industries. We screened four actinomycetes strains for amylase biosynthesis. The Streptomyces rochei strain had a larger hydrolytic zone (24 mm) on starch agar plates, than the other isolates. Plackett-Burman’s experimental design was implemented to optimize the conditions for amylase production by the selected strains. Growth under optimized culture conditions led to 1.7, 9.8, 7.7, and 3.12 -fold increases for the isolates S. griseorubens, S. rochei, S. parvus, and Streptomyces sp., respectively, in the specific activity measurement in comparison with growth under primary conditions. When applying the Box-Behnken design on S. rochei using the most significant parameters starch, K2HPO4, pH, and temperature, there was a 12.22-fold increase in the specific activity measurement: 7.37 U/mg. The optimal fermentation medium formula was kept at 30.6°C for seven days. The amylase from S. rochei was partially purified, and its molecular weight was determined using Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight was found to be 45, 43, and 53 kDa. Amylase was particularly active at pH 6 and 65°C. The purified enzyme was most active at 65°C and a pH of 6, thermal stability of 70°C for 40 min and salt concentration of 1 M with a Km and Vmax of 6.58 mg/ml and 21.93 mg/ml/min, respectively. The amylase improved by adding Cu + 2, Zn + 2, and Fe + 2 (152.21%, 207.24%, and 111.89%). Increased production of amylase enzyme by Streptomyces rochei KR108310 attracts the production of industrially significant products.
Adaptive anti-disturbance control for a class of unknown pure feedback switched nonlinear systems
Authors: Chen Longsheng
Published: February 2021

In this study, an adaptive anti-disturbance control scheme is investigated for a class of unknown pure feedback switched nonlinear systems subjected to immeasurable states and external disturbances. Radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) are employed to identify the switched unknown nonlinearities, and a Butterworth low-pass filter is adopted to remove the algebraic loop problem. Subsequently, a novel switched neural state observer and a novel switched disturbance are presented via the coupled design method to estimate the immeasurable states and compounded disturbances. Then, an improved adaptive control strategy for the studied problem is designed with the help of a filtering method to eliminate the “explosion of complexity” problem, and certain compensating signals are set up to compensate for the filter errors, where switched updated laws are constructed to lessen the conservativeness caused by adoption of a common updated law for all subsystems. By utilizing the Lyapunov stability theorem, the developed control scheme can guarantee that all signals in the closed-loop system are bounded under a class of switching signals with the average dwell time (ADT), while the tracking error can converge to a small neighbourhood of origin. Finally, simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented approach.
Ternary Nanocomposite of ZnFe2O4/α-Fe2O3/ZnO; Synthesis via Coprecipitation Method and Physical Properties Characterization
Authors: Shams Somayeh , Sheibanizadeh Zahra , Khalaj Zahra
Published: February 2021

ZnFe 2 O 4 /α-Fe 2 O 3 /ZnO ternary transition metal oxides nanocomposite powder was successfully synthesized by facile coprecipitation method directly from metalorganic precursors within 4 hours processing time considerably shorter than other reported methods. To study post-synthesis thermal treatment effects on physical properties calcination process was applied at 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C individually in furnace for one hour. The structure, phase formation, morphology and optical features of the samples were characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The results show formation of pure and homogeneous composites comprised of nanoparticles with good crystallization in narrow range of crystallite size between 25 nm-39 nm. The particle sizes were also estimated to be in the range of 48 nm - 93 nm. The optical property was studied by recording the absorbance spectrum in the range of 200 nm - 700 nm. The absorption pattern illustrated that the product can be driven by both UV and visible wavelengths with a good efficiency which is more desirable for intended applications like photocatalytic activities compare to the individual components. By using Tauc's method the allowed direct band gap energy and indirect band gap energy of the prepared nanocomposite was estimated to be around 2.28 eV and 2.75 eV, respectively.
Habitat Differences Affect the Nuclear Morphology of the Erythrocytes and the Hepatic Melanin in Leptodactylus Fuscus (Anura) in the Brazilian Cerrado Savanna
Authors: Assis Rhayane Alves , Rezende Wadson Rodrigues , Santos Cirley Gomes Araújo dos , Benvindo-Souza Marcelino , Amorim Nathan Pereira Lima , Borges Rinneu Elias , Franco-Belussi Lilian , De-Oliveira Classius , Santos Lia Raquel de Souza
Published: February 2021

The sensitivity of anuran to the effects of habitat destruction and contamination has led to a preoccupying global decline in their populations. Morphological biomarkers such as micronuclei and other erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) and the occurrence of hepatic melanin can be used to evaluate the effects of habitat impacts. In the present study, these two procedures were combined for the in situ assessment of the effects of soybean cultivation on the grassfrog, Leptodactylus fuscus. Specimens were also collected from a protected area to provide a control (non-agricultural environment). The frequency of some nuclear abnormalities in the animals from the soybean plantation was much higher than the control, specifically, micronuclei were 3.6 times more frequent, while lobulated nuclei were 3.4 times more frequent, and reniform nuclei, four times more common. The combined analysis of all the ENAs also revealed a frequency approximately 1.4 times higher in the animals from the soybean plantation, in comparison with the protected area. Smaller areas of hepatic melanin were observed in the specimens from the soybean plantation. These results provide further evidence of the sensitivity of anurans to habitat impacts, and indicate that animals found in soybean plantations are susceptible to systematic alterations of the cells.