bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Construction Technology of Steel Bifurcation for Diversion System in Pumped Storage Power Station Under Complex Conditions
Authors: Ruoyu Zhou
Published: April 2024

Limited by weight and volume, the transportation and on-site installation of steel bifurcation in the diversion system of pumped storage power station have become a big problem in the construction of the project. According to the needs of the installation and construction of large 800 MPa steel bifurcation in the complex environment, combined with the characteristics of the transportation and installation in the tunnel, the unloading of steel bifurcation is carried out by using the bridge crane between the installation of underground powerhouse. The hoisting up-anchors and sliding trolley arranged in the tunnel are used to place and install the steel bifurcation, which solves the difficulty of hoisting and installing the large turnout pipe in the tunnel and has positive significance in saving the project cost and reducing the construction risk. In this paper, the construction technology of steel bifurcation is described under the complex conditions in pumped storage power station. Detailed description of steel bifurcation construction layout, assembly, site transportation and installation and other construction points, provide a feasible idea for the development of other similar projects.
Story-Narrative Relation: A Narratological Study of Distance in Sūrah YūSuf
Authors: Yunus Salman , Arimiyau Sekinat , Yaqub Muhammed
Published: April 2024

This study examined narrative distance in Sūrah Yūsuf – surah (chapter) 12th of the Quran, which contains a well told biography of Prophet Yusuf (Biblical Joseph). It analyzed this narrative nonfiction to determine how fully and directly the story information is presented to the reader. The study applied Gerard Genette’s linguistic subcategory of narrative distance – with supportive insights from other structuralist narratological critics - to this analysis to aid in appreciating how distance enhances the quality and quantity of story information presented to the reader. The analysis focused on the narration of both events and speech as prescribed in Genette’s approach to determine the range of distance between the narrative text with its narrator-agent and the story with its characters as well as between the story and the readers. The study revealed through this qualitative analysis that though the text – unlike the modern novel - less vividly presents the story’s setting, plot, character and conflict as well as the characters’ speech due to its non-storytelling mission of giving moral lessons to worshipers and enabling them to concentrate on that specific detail, it serves as a precursor which anticipated the emergence of the dramatic modern novel. Future researches about the mode of presentation of this narrative, especially its focalization, will shed more light on how awareness of the relationship between the story and this narrative text may enhance readers’ comprehension and appreciation of the text as well as their feeling of involvement in the story events.
Inguinal Hernia Repair Using the External Oblique Muscle Fascia: Desarda Technique
Authors: Sandaly Diakite , Lansana Camara , Togba Soumaoro , Yaya Diakite , Naby Fofana , Yawo Kondano , Ansoumane Condé , Mariame Camara , Ousmane Condé , Saliou Diallo , Abakar Ousmane , Cyrille Yom , Aboubacar Toure
Published: April 2024

Introduction: An inguinal hernia is a protrusion of abdominal cavity contents or pre-peritoneal fat through a hernial defect in the inguinal region. Desarda's technique is an aponeuroplasty, based on closure of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal by a flap of the external oblique fascia. This technique has the advantage over prosthetic cures in that it is a tension-free cure and does not require an implant. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of curing inguinal hernias using the Desarda technique, and to evaluate the initial results in our practice. Material And Method: This is a prospective study over a 2-year period (January 2017 - December 2018), covering 100 cases of uncomplicated inguinal hernia cure in 98 patients operated on by aponeurotic plasty (Desarda technique), in the general surgery department of Ignace DEEN Hospital. Selection criteria were: informed consent, age over 15 years, uncomplicated primary inguinal hernias, normal prostate ultrasound and PSA results for adult males over 50 years of age. Results: The study included 100 cases of uncomplicated inguinal hernia repair in 94 patients operated on by aponeurotic plasty (Desarda technique). The patients were 88 men (94%) and 6 women (6%), with a mean age of 44.7 years and extremes of 19 and 78 years. The majority of patients (37 or 39.36%) were blue-collar workers. The hernia was unilateral in 88 patients and bilateral in 6. One woman had a bilateral hernia. The hernia was located only on the right in 72 cases and only on the left in 20. According to the Nyhus classification, type IIIb 45% was the most frequent. The patients were operated on under spinal anesthesia in 68 cases. On the first postoperative day, nine patients (9.57%) were assessed as having moderate pain. Beyond the third month, pain assessment revealed five cases of chronic pain. Surgical site infection was the most frequent complication. With an average follow-up of 17 months, no cases of recurrence were noted.
Aspects of Coronary Angiography in Diabetic Patients at the CHU Mother and Child Luxembourg in Bamako
Authors: Mamadou Touré , Massama Konaté , Mariam Sako , Samba Sidibé , Souleymane Mariko , Djénébou Traoré , Sylla Sow , Adiaratou Thiam , Boubacar Sonfo , Oumar Ba , Ichaka Menta
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is on the increase in Africa as a result of the epidemiological transition. Cardiovascular complications, particularly ischemic complications, are common in diabetic patients. They are life-threatening. It is important to identify the angiographic appearance of the coronary arteries in diabetic patients in order to guide treatment. Objective: to identify the results of coronary angiography in diabetic patients. Patients and method: Descriptive, cross-sectional study with retrospective recruitment over a three-year period from September 2019 to August 2022. All diabetic patients who underwent coronary angiography at the CHU mother child Luxembourg in Bamako were included. Results: We enrolled 371 patients out of 985 during the study period, i.e. a hospital frequency rate of 37.66%. The mean age of the patients was 60.76 +/- 10.26 years, with extremes of 32 and 84 years. They were predominantly male, with a sex ratio of 1.45. The predominant functional signs were typical chest pain (39.4%), atypical chest pain (27.8%) and dyspnea (13.2%). The predominant risk factors were hypertension (74.7%), sedentary lifestyle (48.8%) and smoking (17.5%). The indications for coronary angiography were chronic coronary syndrome (55%) and acute coronary syndrome (45%). Coronary angiography was pathological in 78.4% of patients, with tritruncular lesions in 38% and bi-truncal lesions in 21%. Lesions were located on the common trunk in 5.4%, on the anterior interventricular in 59.8%, on the right coronary in 51.8% and on the circumflex in 47.4%. Conclusion: Ischemic heart disease is common in diabetic patients with tri- and bi-truncular lesions.
The Application of Dual Frequency IP Survey to Identify the Concealed Ore Body in Pilbara Craton, Australia: A Case Study from Calvert Gold Deposit
Authors: Liu Zhangle , Zheng Yawen
Published: April 2024

The Mallina Basin in Western Australia, situated in the central part of the Pilbara Craton which is one of the world's oldest cratons, is a structurally deposited basin subjected to multiple episodes of deformation and magmatic intrusion. The Calvert gold deposit in Mallina Basin is heavily covered by Quaternary, thus, it is hardly to identify any distinct mineralization indicators, and there is no any significant progress in exploration so far. The SQ-3C dual frequency induced polarization facility that is developed by China is introduced to carry out the dual frequency IP survey, the author’s team have tested all the types of different rock samples to collect the geophysical parameters in the Calvert area, and the selection of suitable facility and working frequency is based on the geological characters of the Calvert deposit and the geophysical parameters of rocks, and some processes are undertaken to weaken the interference triggered by the electromagnetic coupling, and an IP anomaly zone was delineated. Through the drilling program in the IP anomaly zone, a gold ore body that has the same orientation with the IP anomaly zone was controlled; this result demonstrated the dual frequency IP survey is effective in the local area and provide an efficient technical method for the mineralization prospecting, and this geophysical survey project sets an example for the familiar type of gold deposit in the local area.
Higher Education in Uzbekistan: Transition to Digital Learning
Authors: Botir Usmonov
Published: April 2024

The author analyzes stages of digitalization and the emergence of new digital technologies, which represent a huge educational potential. The possibilities of digital technologies in the educational process of the university are also considered. The economic development in Uzbekistan presupposes an active position of the educational community in analyzing and developing new proposals in the context of digitalization of higher professional education. The situation is such that it is simply impossible for us not to use digital in order to keep up with further processes of informatization and digitalization in education. The article discusses the benefits and some challenging aspects that have impacted Uzbek Universities and Technical Institutes (HEIs of Uzbekistan) as they continue to educate students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This reflects the impact of unprecedented COVID-19 on the educational services of higher education institutions. There was suddenly an expectation that universities would adhere to COVID-19 prevention measures, including social distancing and hygiene. As a result, many universities have switched to remote transfer of knowledge and courses. This article encourages university leaders to embrace online teaching methods and digital learning systems that support universities to continue educational processes in the post-COVID-19 era. The author conclude that the digitalization of education is changing the content of the courses taught, as well as the flow of information, this is not only presentations or videos, but these are also direct connections to information networks, databases, forums. The article summarizes, demonstrating key implications for university presidents and identifying future research directions for academia.
Impact of Digital Competence on the Teaching of Sports Education Curricula in IRAQI Civil Universities
Authors: Khudhair Abbas , Ghazi Mohammed , Ahmed Mazin , Kzar Mazin , Kzar Muhannad , Alhsnawy Fadhil , Jawoosh Hayder , Hamza Dhay
Published: April 2024

The importance of this study is to prepare teaching members to digitize and technological competence and the ability to teach using technological components to help enrich the teaching process in education and learning for sports education curricula: The study aims to reach the faculty to digitize modern and to use digital transformations in the teaching process, Seeking technological development in the use of applications and technology programs and helping to develop and improve the educational process in the subject of physical education and sports sciences and the ability to use these programs to teach basic skills and educational skills such as (Football, Handball, Basketball, Volleyball) and the ability to support those curricula, Conclusions: The digital proficiency method, represented by the tribal and dimensional measurements, appears to lead to improved performance in some sports skills compared to the traditional method, The effect sizes suggest this improvement might be small to moderate. Further investigation with a larger sample size could strengthen these findings. Recommendations: Future research could explore the specific aspects of the digital proficiency method (e.g., specific apps, platforms) that contribute most to performance improvement, Investigating the long-term retention of skills learned through the digital proficiency method would be valuable, Examining the motivational impact of the digital proficiency method on students' learning could provide further insight.
Fatty Acid Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Ricinus communis Seed Oil Grown from Jabi Tehinan Woreda, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemayehu Yihalem , Fenta Fekadu , Birhan Yihenew
Published: April 2024

Castor seed oil is well known for its diverse medicinal and industrial uses. It is widely utilized as an additive in foods, medicine, personal care goods, lubricant and biodiesel. Nonetheless, the oil content and physicochemical properties of castor seeds depend on their genotypic varieties and geographical location. Fortunately, Ethiopia is endowed with varieties of castor seeds. However, there is a limited research on the total oil content and quality of castor seeds oil. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the total oil content, the physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of castor seeds oil grown in Jabi Tehinan Woreda, Ethiopia. The three most populous genotype castor beans were collected and subjected to soxhlet extraction using hexane solvent. The outcome showed that their genotypes determine both the amount and quality of the oil extracted. Genotype 01 (GT-01) has exceptionally the highest oil content (69.8%) while the Genotype 02 (GT-02) (47.305) and Genotype 03 (GT-03) (43.21%) have high oil contents. GT-01 has the highest (87.49%), GT-02 the second (85.17) and GT-01 (84.01) the third ricinoleic acid component. This high ricinoleic acid composition is reflected on their chemical and physical properties which are in the range of ASTM standards, making them valuable for various industrial applications.
The Significance of Providing the Optimal Micronutrients to the Preterm Low Birth Weight Infants to Prevent Long-Term Health Consequences
Authors: Khan Abbas , Hasan Shohrab , Siddiqua Farzana , Sultana Sabiha , NULL Moniruzzaman , Hossain Manir , Shaheed Shahidul , Shahid Aiyasha
Published: April 2024

Premature infants have less nutritional storage capacity and an underdeveloped body, which makes them particularly susceptible to malnutrition. Nutrient surplus and deficiency are possibilities when supplemental feeding is unbalanced. However, little is known about what kids should eat once they are discharged from the hospital. Since many bodily processes depend on micronutrients, it's critical to plan supplemental nutrition with an optimum consumption in mind. This written summary describes the requirements for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), iron, zinc, vitamin D, calcium, and phosphate for premature newborns receiving supplemental feeding. The scientific community is beginning to acknowledge the advantages of giving premature babies iron and vitamin D supplements. But as of right now, there isn't enough information available to make firm recommendations about the addition of calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and LCPUFAs. Nonetheless, the health of premature infants depends on the following micronutrients: Large chain polyunsaturated fats (LCPUFAs) support the development of the retina and brain, while calcium and phosphorus dosages are necessary to prevent metabolic bone disease (MBD) in preterm infants. It is obvious how understanding the variability of the premature population may help adapt nutritional planning in connection to the development rate, comorbidities, and thorough clinical history of the preterm newborn, even while we wait for consensus on these micronutrients.
Isolation and Characterization of Indigenous Bacteria with Purifying Potential in Solid Palm Oil Extraction Sludge Generated by SOCAPALM-Mbambou
Authors: Denis Tassong , Claude Simo , Désiré Taffouo
Published: April 2024

The oil palm industry contributes significantly to the economic development of producing countries such as Cameroon. Unfortunately, the exploitation of palm oil constitutes a source of environmental pollution due to the production of enormous quantities of waste during its extraction process, including solid sludge generating greenhouse gases which contribute to global warming climatic. All this leads to the search for alternatives which consists of isolating and characterizing indigenous bacteria with biodegradation capacities in sludge from palm oil extraction. The pH and bacterial counts were determined by the potentiometric method and the decimal dilution technique, respectively. The isolated bacteria were identified by their cultural, cellular and biochemical characteristics. In addition, the identification of Gram- bacteria was further explored by the API 20 E gallery. The palm oil biodegradability test was carried out on M2 medium supplemented with 2% palm oil. The solid sludge biodegradability test was carried out on liquid MSM medium supplemented with 4% sludge stock solution. The results showed that the sludge sample had a slightly alkaline pH of 7.3. A bacterial load of around 109 CFU/g of soil was counted. Thirty-one bacterial strains were isolated and purified, including 12 Bacillus sp, 10 Pseudomonas sp, 8 Proteus mirabilis and 1 Klebsiella pneumoniae. All isolates tested for their ability to degrade palm oil or solid sludge grew in culture media with palm oil or solid sludge as the sole source of carbon and energy but with a difference in load. Thus, isolates BI2, BI5, BI31, BI10 and BI 9 showed the highest degradation capacities. These isolates could be used to constitute consortia of microorganisms that can be used in the treatment of waste generated by palm oil extraction.
Condition of Women in the Works of Alice Walker During the Post-Colonial Era
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Sharma Jitendra
Published: April 2024

This review paper explores the impactful literary contributions of Alice Walker, focusing on her portrayal of the struggles faced by African American women in the post-colonial era. Alice Walker, known as the primary author of subaltern literature, delves into themes of racism, sexism, feminism, and womanism, shedding light on the intersecting oppressions experienced by Black women. Through an analysis of Walker's seminal works such as "The Color Purple," "Meridian," and "Possessing the Secret of Joy," this paper examines the emotional and physical traumas endured by her characters, including Celie, Meridian Hill, and Tashi. The narrative framework of Walker's novels, often utilizing epistolary styles, provides a unique lens through which to explore the complexities of identity, cultural expectations, and societal norms. Furthermore, Walker's portrayal of resilience, strength, and the unbreakable spirit of her female characters serves as a poignant reminder of the ongoing struggles for social justice and women's rights. Through her literature, Walker challenges readers to confront systemic injustices and work towards a more equitable and inclusive society. This review paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersectionality of race and gender, highlighting the enduring relevance of Walker's writings in contemporary discourse on marginalized voices and societal transformation.
Risks, Challenges and Strategies of the Creation of China’s “City of Events”– A Case Study of Hangzhou
Authors: Li Zhaojun
Published: April 2024

From 2007, when Jinjiang proposed to build “China’s first sports city”, to the successful hosting of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, an increasing number of first-tier cities have regarded sports events as an important strategic layout for urban development. The construction of the “city of events” is proposed by the first-tier cities in China based on the national development strategy, serving the demands of the times for urban development, people’s livelihood and well-being, economic growth and window display. Based on literature, expert interviews and case studies, the article analyzes the current situation of Hangzhou as one of the first “city of events” in Zhejiang Province, existing predicaments and potential risks, strategies and paths for risk aversion, and the risks and challenges of Hangzhou in creating a “city of events”. The results show that there are risks such as lack of culture, imbalance of profit and loss, and lack of core strength in the creation of “city of events”, and it is necessary to focus on multi-dimensional efforts such as sports characteristic positioning, professional events and mass sports cultivation to realize the differential order development pattern of sports events integrating urban characteristics, and thus deduce the action logic of the creation of “city of events”. Diverse urban culture determines the difference in the development orientation of sports cities, and the idea of synergy, profit and loss balance, risk avoidance, and facing the future with a more positive outlook is the meaning and inevitable way of the creation of the domestic “city of events”.
Influence of Two Doses of Hen Droppings on Emergence and Growth of Five Provenances of Sesamum indicum L. Grown on the Sands of Brazzaville, Congo
Authors: Ossete Brice , Issali Auguste , Mokolo Jean , Mpika Joseph , NULL Attibayeba
Published: April 2024

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of hen droppings on the emergence and growth of local sesame. A 5 x 3 complete bi-factorial combination, represented by the factors "provenance" and "dose", was inserted into a complete randomised block design. Three replicates were used. Here, the treatment was defined as the combination of five variants of the provenance factor with the three variants of the dose factor. A total of fifteen treatments, repeated 3 times, were studied. Five variables were monitored in the field: field emergence percentage, plant height (cm), crown diameter (mm), number of primary branches and number of leaves emitted on the main stem. The results showed that the curves for percentage emergence over 9 weeks showed almost similar behaviour for the last observation at week 9. In such cases, some statistics revealed significant differences not only between blocks but also between treatments. This suggested that the visual similarity in factor behaviour, for such variables, may be real or fake. For variables that did not discriminate between blocks, the idea of dividing the experimental site into blocks was not justified. Provenances P1 and P5 appeared to be insensitive to organic fertiliser inputs, whereas P2, P3 and P4 were it. This could be explained by whether or not they were sensitive to competition effects. For diameter at collar, treatments P2D1 and P5D1 combining Mouyondzi (P2) and Ngoko (P5) provenances as well as P4D1 and P4D2 combining Boundji (P4) provenance could be recommended to farmers located in the southern part of Brazzaville department. Nevetheless, their insensitivity could temper such recommendation. Concerning plant height, treatments P5D1 and P5D2 could be recommended to farmers located in the southern part of the Brazzaville region. Nevertheless, its supposed insensitivity at doses of hence droppings tempers our recommendations. For the number of leaves emitted and number of primary branches, treatments P5D0 and P5D1 as well as P5D1 and P5D2 combining provenance P5 could be recommended to farmers located in the southern part of the Brazzaville région at condition that its supposed insensitivity is not confirmed during confirmation trial.
Impact of Improved Rice Variety Adoption on Smallholder Farmers Rice Productivity and Gross Farm Income Enhancement in North Western Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfay Welay , Woundiferaw Belete
Published: April 2024

The research was assessed status of adopting improved rice technology as well as evaluate its impact on rice productivity and gross farm income in Ethiopia. The research showed the importance of adopting improved rice technologies using impact evaluating techniques such as propensity scoring matching (PSM). The research was used descriptive and econometric methods of data analysis to elaborate the respondents’ characteristics, farming practices, adoption status and to estimate its impact. The research used multistage sampling methods to select 180 smallholder rice producers. Amhara and Benshangul Gumuz region are the potential rice producers which targeted for this study. Zones, districts and kebles of these regions were selected random that can be represent the region as well as the rice producers in Ethiopia. The research revealed that 44.44% of the respondents were adopted improved rice technology and pawe_1 is the most frequently used by respondents. The econometric result revealed that treated groups were gained high rice output 3,019.70 quintal per hectare over the controlled groups 1,971.40 quintal per hectare as well as in terms of gross income treated groups were earned higher income which is 46,159.78 ETHB than the controlled groups which were earned 29,797.14 ETHB on average. This indicated that adopting improved rice technology was brought 34.72% and 35.45% of increment in rice productivity and gross income on smallholders’ rice producers respectively. Adopting of agricultural technologies are a means of improving the smallholder farmers crop production, productivities and income generated from that farm activities. Therefore, any governmental and non-governmental institution should be focused on the outreach of these agricultural technologies to end user over all part of the country.
An Audit and Analysis of Causes of Treatment Default in Head and Neck Cancer: A Single Tertiary Cancer Centre Experience
Authors: Baral Shweta , Silwal Sudhir , Lamichhane Deep
Published: April 2024

Background: Treatment default is widespread among cancer patients and usually compromise patients’ clinical outcome. This not only compromises the management plan but also makes it harder to measure our treatment outcomes. Method: We reviewed Outpatient department (OPD) clinical record files of head and neck cancer patients who were registered at our hospital in a year. Patients were chosen on the basis of availability of record files at the time of sampling. All patients' OPD files were evaluated for treatment completion and causes of treatment default were recorded from the OPD record file. If information was not available in the OPD record file, patients or patients' relatives (if a contact number was available) were called for further information and cause of default. The Google spreadsheet was prepared to record demographics and causes of treatment default. Results: 72.19% were male among 205 patients analysed for the study. Most common site was oral cavity (30.24%), followed by oropharynx (21.9%), larynx (20%) and others. Intent was curative in 175 patients (85.36%) and palliative in 22patients (10.73%). 112 curative intent patients (64%) and 11 palliative intent (50%) completed planned treatment, 27 curative intent patients (15.42%) and 7 palliative patients (31.81%) defaulted during treatment and 36 curative patients (20.57%) and 4 palliative patients (18.18%) defaulted before starting Primary treatment (Surgery or Radiotherapy). Treatment related toxicities in 20 patients (26.31%) waiting time for radiotherapy in 14 patients (18.42%) were major causes of default in this study. In curative intent cases, 44 patients (39.28%) had complete response, 41 patients (36.3%) had partial response, 10 patients (8.92%) had progressive disease and 6 patients (5.35%) had metastatic disease, 3-month post treatment. Conclusion: Among various reasons for noncompliance, few can be addressed immediately like arranging multidisciplinary team discussions at an institutional level to prioritize management. Further large-scale studies are needed to estimate the exact dimensions of the issues in our setup.
The Severity of Bone Loss in Cushing’s Diseases
Authors: Debbah Wissame , Mezoued Mouna , Bouzid Aicha , Talhi Randa , Bessaid Khadidja , Azzouz Malha
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a known cause of secondary osteoporosis, characterized by a loss of bone mass and density. Cushing's osteopathy is one of it’s most severe complications. Abnormal bone turnover, decreased bone mineral density (BMD), and increased fracture risk are common effects of glucocorticoid excess. Objectives: The aim of our work is to determine the bone densitometric profile of patients followed for Cushing's disease, to define the characteristics of osteoporosis and osteopenia in these patients, and to analyze the factors influencing BMD. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study involving patients followed for Cushing's disease in the endocrinology-diabetology department of the public hospital establishment (EPH) of Bologhine-Algiers, during a period of 10 years, going from the January 2013 to January 2023. Results: 58 patients were followed during this period with an average age was 34 years, with a clear female predominance and a sex ratio of ≈ 4. Average Z score was (-1.6) at the vertebral level and (-1.09) at the femoral level. Osteoporosis was found in 44.8% (n = 26) patients and osteopenia in 37.9% (n = 22), while normal BMD was found in 17.24% (n = 10). Note that Z-score values were significantly lower at the lumbar spine than at the femoral neck. No significant difference in BMD was found between eumenorrheic and hypo-/amenorrheic females with Cushing's disease. Our study demonstrated a significant negative correlation between morning plasma cortisol and BMD. While there is a significant positive correlation between BMD and ACTH concentration in CD patients, BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck also had a significant positive correlation with weight and BMI. Conclusion: Early detection and management of CS are essential to reduce bone complications. BMD examinations should be performed to enable rapid recognition and intervention for osteoporosis. Lumbar bone loss occurs earlier and more extensively.
Political Context and Faculty Attitudes Towards High Maintenance Students in Kurdistan, Iraq
Authors: Burke Kenneth
Published: April 2024

This research explores the resilience and stress levels of university students in Kurdistan, Iraq. Focusing on the educational impact within this context, the study examines the relationship between student stress and faculty engagement. Employing both Pearson correlation analysis and two-way ANOVA, the investigation provides insights into how faculty availability correlates with student stress in a politically tense environment. Key findings indicate concerns for what is known as the Pygmalion effect and underscore the need for support services that address the unique socio-political challenges. Thus, an impetus for an examination of student engagement practices, emphasizing the importance of faculty interaction in crisis-affected zones. The exegesis underscores the role of institutional support, urging educational authorities to enhance faculty management tailored to the multicultural and politically sensitive context of international education. From which, it advocates for empathy and a broader understanding of how postcolonial and post-dictatorial dynamics affect higher education. Conclusively, this article calls for ongoing research into the dynamic between political tension, student well-being, and academic success, suggesting that addressing these interconnected facets is essential for fostering an effective learning environment. It posits that understanding and improving the faculty-student engagement within can significantly enhance academic outcomes.
Fable Text Teaching Materials in Increasing Reading Interest of Elementary School Students
Authors: Chaerunnisa Syiffa , Kusmana Suherli , Wilsa Jaja
Published: April 2024

This research aims to overcome the low interest in reading in elementary school students. The effort made is to develop teaching materials in the form of reading fable texts which can increase students' interest in reading. Fable texts are animal stories that children really like. Teaching materials presented digitally are very popular with millennial children. It is hoped that the development of this teaching material can provide a solution to several problems with interest in reading in schools, namely students' low interest in reading, understanding the moral message of fable texts which is neglected, and limited reading books for fable texts in schools. This research uses the Research and Development (RnD) method which consists of preliminary studies, product development and trials. The results of expert validation show that the teaching materials developed meet the content validity criteria as teaching materials suitable for use in elementary schools. Based on the analysis of the trial results, it is known that the teaching materials are included in the Very Good (suitable) category in increasing elementary school students' interest in reading. Teachers can use moral value messages from fable texts as affective learning and character education for students. Digital teaching materials for fable texts developed can be used by schools to increase students' interest in reading, especially new students.
Optimizing Industrial Effluent Flue Gas as Source of Energy for Charcoal Production
Authors: Tekleyohanis Tsiye , Tekleye Abebayehu
Published: April 2024

This research suggests a unique way to produce charcoal utilizing industrial flue gas as an energy source. The process entails gathering, cleaning, and transporting the flue gas to a pyrolysis reactor where it is used to carbonize and heat biomass. The paper outlined the design of various components, such as the heat exchanger, pyrolysis reactor, and flue gas filter. It specified that the flue gas temperatures in the glass, pulp and paper, and alcohol industries typically range from 400-500°C, 200-500°C, and 150-300°C, respectively. Furthermore, the chemical compositions of these industries were analyzed at the factory. The study emphasized the importance of these design considerations and temperature ranges for efficient operation and optimal performance in the respective industries. The resultant charcoal has several uses and is a sustainable and renewable fuel. In addition, the technique lessens greenhouse gas and flue gas emissions into the atmosphere, protecting the environment and slowing down climate change. The average chemical composition of flue gas from three industries was ascertained, together with the temperature range necessary for pyrolysis and the mechanical layout of the system used to produce charcoal. Upon determining the characteristics of industrial flue gas, the mechanical design of the charcoal production process was incorporated essential components. These include a temporary storage tank, a pyrolysis reactor, and a flue gas filter. This comprehensive design aims to ensure the production of quality charcoal while addressing environmental concerns related to pollution from flue gas treatment. The integration of these components is crucial for optimizing the production process and enhancing environmental sustainability by mitigating the impact of flue gas emissions on the environment. The project report emphasizes the significance of these design considerations in achieving efficient and environmentally friendly charcoal production. The paper also discusses the environmental and economic benefits of using flue gas as an energy source for charcoal production. The paper concludes that this method is a feasible and promising solution for efficient resource utilization and sustainable development.
Exploring Potential Non-CCUS Pathways for Emissions-Free Energy
Authors: Gupta Subodh
Published: April 2024

To be effective in addressing the emissions challenge on the global scale, the focus has to be on the processes that are inexpensive to implement and can be applied at a massive scale. CCS satisfies the ‘massive scale’ condition but at present falls short of satisfying the ‘inexpensive’ part. The CCUS approaches (other than CO2 based EOR) where useful products from CO2 are hoped to be monetized to offset costs, take the focus even farther away from the desired objective. This is because (a) costs increase due to required energy input, and (b) market value of the products, and hence the desired monetization cannot survive the massive oversupply thus created. A more direct and efficient strategy involves either converting CO2 into a (non-monetizable) solid or liquid with minimal energy input, or restricting the waste by-product of the fuel oxidation process to be in a liquid or solid state that does not interact with the atmosphere to add to the greenhouse gas effect. The paper presents novel lower REDOX approaches as more energy-efficient and affordable alternatives to provide emissions-free energy. A strong case is made with available information for the techno-economic viability of these methods, and gaps identified for further development.
A Case of Pemrolizumab-Associated Severe Gastritis Treated with Mycophenolate Mofetil
Authors: Bodakçi Emin
Published: April 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become a frequently used treatment in oncology practice. Although it has approved indications in many types of cancer, phase studies are ongoing in many types of cancer. Side effects due to the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors have begun to be seen frequently. Cases of colitis, pancreatitis and hepatitis due to immune check point inhibitors have been reported very frequently; However, the number of gastritis cases is limited. Here, we presented a case of severe gastritis due to pembrolizumab in a patient with cholangiocellular carcinoma. When side effects develop due to immune check point inhibitors, infliximab and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) treatments are used in steroid-refractory patients. In our patient, MMF treatment was started due to possible infectious processes due to a recent attack of cholangitis and the inability to remove the stones in the common bile duct. Response to MMF treatment was obtained after 3 months. We would like to state that MMF treatment is an option in cases that develop due to immune check point inhibitors. MMF treatment was used in a case of severe gastritis due to pembrolizumab, as it did not respond to steroid treatments. The patient responded after MMF treatment. We planned to present this rare side effect of pembrolizumab and the treatment strategies we applied in the development of side effects.
Panda Microring Resonator (PMRR) to Generate 90 GHz Free Spectral Range (FSR) Solitonic Signals Used for Telecommunication Applications
Authors: Amiri IS , M. R. Al-Khafaji Hamza
Published: April 2024

In this work optical solitons carrier generation in a nonlinear waveguide microring resonator (MRR) is simulated and presented. Therefore, a system comprises of a W-band (75 to 110 GHz) optical millimeter wave generation using a Panda microring resonator (PMRR) is presented. A bright soliton with a central frequency of 50 GHz and power of 1 W is introduced into the PMRR. The optical Kerr effect manifests itself temporally as self-phase modulation, a self-induced phase- and frequency-shift of a pulse of light as it travels through a medium. Large bandwidth within the microring device can be generated by using a soliton spectrum input into the nonlinear PMRR. The 90 GHz free spectral range (FSR) solitonic signals were simply generated by adjusting the system parameters. By beating the closely center frequencies of the solitonic signals, we can obtain a center frequency which corresponds to that spacing as millimeter wave used for many applications in signal processing and communications such as wireless cable systems and indoor–outdoor communication.
Widely Wavelength-Tunable Solitonic Pulse Generation Using InGaAsP/InP Microring Resonators
Authors: S. Amiri I. , M. R. Al-Khafaji Hamza
Published: April 2024

Multi-optical solitonic carriers suitable for use in optical communication systems and telecommunications have been generated via microring resonators (MRRs) incorporating an add/drop filter system. The generated multi solitonic carriers utilizing the MRRs were sufficiently stable for transmitting in a free space channel while experiencing very low dispersion during propagation. Moreover, the technique used which is iterative method using MRRs allowed for greater number of channels as multi-channel generation that could be utilized in a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system. Solitonic carriers were created, with each carrier possessing a free spectral range (FSR) of 12.45 GHz and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 250 MHz.
Decision Wave Equation and Block Diagram of Electro Magneto Elastic Actuator Nano - and Micro Displacement for Communications Systems
Authors: M. Afonin S.
Published: April 2024

Decision wave equation, structural - parametric model and block diagram of electro magneto elastic actuators are obtained, its transfer functions are bult. Effects of geometric and physical parameters of electro magneto elastic actuators and external load on its dynamic characteristics are determined. For calculation of communications systems with piezoactuators the block diagram and the transfer functions of piezoactuators are obtained.
Spectrally Efficient SAC-OCDMA System Using a New Two-Code Keying Scheme
Authors: M. R. Al-Khafaji Hamza , Ngah Razali , J. Mousa Alaa , A. Aljunid S.
Published: April 2024

This paper introduces a new two-code keying scheme for increasing the spectral efficiency (SE) of spectral-amplitude-coding optical code-division multiple-access (SAC-OCDMA) system. The analytical expression is derived for the SE of SAC-OCDMA system based on the proposed scheme utilizing multi-diagonal (MD) code. The theoretical results demonstrate that the suggested scheme has an improved SE performance over the conventional unipolar encoding with direct detection technique. This SE enhancement is verified in simulation experiments.
Efficiency Improvement for Optical OFDM Systems
Authors: Ghanbarisabagh Mohammad , Maloulki Nasreddine , Nsiri Bechir
Published: April 2024

The evaluation of Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OOFDM) using Least Mean Square Time-domain Equalizer (LMSTE), Recursive Least Squares-Time-domain Equalizer (RLSTE) and Decision Feedback Time-domain Equalizer (DFTE) to reduce Cyclic Prefix (CP) length over 1200 Km of Standard Single Mode Fiber (SSMF) is presented. All of these TEQs are used immediately after the fiber channel. They can cancel the residual Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and Inter Carrier Interference (ICI) caused by both the Group Velocity Dispersion (GVD) and the CP length being shorter than the Channel Impulse Response (CIR). Using these TEQs allow the reduction in size of CP, and consequently leading to system performance improvement. DFTE can decrease the noise whereas RLSTE can achieve a higher convergence and better performance compared to LMSTE.
Compact Rectangular Slot Patch Antenna for Dual Frequency Operation Using Inset Feed Technique
Authors: C. Saturday Jeffrey , M. Udofi Kufre , B. Obot Akaninyene
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the inventions in communication systems require the development of low cost, minimal weight, compact and low profile antennas that are capable of maintaining high performance over a wide spectrum of frequencies. This technological trend has focused much effort in the design of microstrip patch antennas because of its inherent characteristics that fits the requirements of modern communication devices. This paper presents the design and simulation of a compact rectangular slot patch antenna for dual frequency operation at 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz using the inset feed technique. The simulation of the designed antenna was done with the aid of computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio version 12. The antenna has a miniature compact size of 44×41×1.6 mm3 which resonated at a return loss of -19.619 dB and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.303 at 2.4 GHz, and -17.55 dB and VSWR of 1.301 at 5.2 GHz. The results show that the antenna has a corresponding bandwidth of 124.6 MHz at 2.4 GHz and 119.8 MHz at 5.2 GHz. The substrate used in the proposed antenna is the flame resistant four (FR-4) with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.023. The proposed antenna may find applications in wireless local area network (WLAN) and Bluetooth technology.
Determination and Comparative Analysis of Refractivity Profile and Fade Depth for Microwave Links in Lagos
Authors: Kufre. M. Udofia , Emmanuel Oluropo Ogungbemi , Iniobong Jackson Etokebe
Published: April 2024

The concept of radio link design and planning remain very vital to a radio link engineer and so the need to have a clear information outlook of the refractivity profile and fade depth of that location. In this study, radiosonde data from 2012 to 2014 was used to estimate the point refractivity gradient and fade depth for Lagos located 6.4531° N, 3.3958°E South West of Nigeria. The refractivity gradient for Lagos from the distribution table showed the highest occurrence in December with dN1 of -56.4268.1N units and February with the lowest dN1 having -398.5034N units while the fade depth for the different models also showed monthly and seasonal variations, with fade depth of 142.03 dB for the ITU-R P.530-9 model, 132.051 dB for the ITU-R P.530-14 model and 156.861 dB for the ITU-R P.530-16 model.
Measuring the Impact of Internet, Technology & Human Communication: A Study on Bangladesh
Authors: M. Feroj Mahmood S.
Published: April 2024

This paper demonstrates that now in Bangladesh adult aged are redirect their brain in utilizing web and speak with other. They don't have enthusiasm for human correspondence and personal discussion. For some situation web have numerous positive sides likewise and make numerous assignments simple for us. From the investigation it’s found that the students are the pioneer client of web and innovation. Some place perusing web makes simple a large portion of work of the work put. This answer is to discover the successful wellspring of human correspondence lately and to clear up the current state of web, innovation and human communication in this cutting edge age. Presently human communications are extraordinarily affected by web and innovation. Other than, these positives affect interpersonal organization antagonistic effect on society. Long range informal communication depends on innovation and is led over particular gadgets with no nearness of up close and personal association, which brings about a powerlessness to get to interpersonal conduct and flags to encourage correspondence. Furthermore, it can be said that web and innovation can impact individuals' life from various perspectives.