bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation and analysis on the current situation of rural housing in the cold area under the background of “beautiful countryside”
Authors: Zhang Lei
Published: May 2020

Rural housing is the main content of rural construction. Accelerating rural development and building “Beautiful Countryside” is a major task of the country. In this paper, taking a village in a cold area as an example, the existing problems of overall planning, architectural design, building energy saving, energy utilization are analyzed, which provides the basis and reference for solving the common problems in this area.
Spatial and Temporal Dynamic Evolution of Urban Vulnerability -- A Case Study of Henan Province
Authors: Hua Gao , Yang Hongwei
Published: May 2020

With the acceleration of urbanization, the problem of urban risk becomes more and more serious, so it is imperative to build a resilient city. Vulnerability and toughness are interrelated. Vulnerability analysis and evaluation is the way to realize the resilience city. Taking Henan province as an example, this study from the resource, ecological environment, economy, social four aspects to build the urban vulnerability evaluation index system, using the comprehensive index method of the vulnerability of various municipalities nearly 10 years of Henan province to measure and study the dynamic evolution process, so as to provide theoretical reference for toughness of city construction and the practice application.
Discussion on Temperature Control Method of Cooling Water Pipe for Mass Concrete Construction
Authors: Yang Zhi-Gang , Song Jin-Lan , Hu Yan-Fang , Lee Kun-Fa
Published: May 2020

For studying the influence of cooling pipes on the mass concrete construction, the dam is taken an example to build the ANSYS finite element model. The model simulates dam concrete construction based on two projects, one without cooling pipes and the other with cooling water pipes provided. The data comparison and analyzing will be in three aspects: temperature, stress and displacement. The result shows that the cooling pipes not only can indeed reduce the concrete temperature in a short time, making the concrete reach the steady temperature more quickly, but also help to alleviate the concrete temperature stress. However, the reductions of temperature do not make a great influence on the displacement during the construction process.
Research and design of LED indoor positioning system
Authors: Yinhui Liu , Wei Luo , Hang Zhao
Published: May 2020

According to indoor positioning requirements, the light intensity sensing circuit is designed with LED as the light source. The function relationship between light intensity and distance is obtained by fitting the experimental data. The distance from the light source to the node to be located is calculated. The coordinate position of the node to be measured on the two-dimensional plane is obtained through the trilateral measurement and positioning algorithm. The experimental results of this system show that the absolute position error is less than 10cm, which can meet the needs of a large number of indoor positioning applications.
Research on the Key Driving Factors of Prefabricated Buildings Based on DEMATEL method
Authors: Gao Xizhen , Zheng Jiantong
Published: May 2020

This paper identifies 18 driving factors of prefabricated buildings through literature review. After that, this paper collected corresponding questionnaires from industrial experts to clarify the relationships among these driving factors, and establishes a hierarchical relationship diagram of driving factors based on DEMATEL method, reveals the key direct driving factors of prefabricated buildings. Finally, puts forward suggestions to promote prefabricated buildings in China.
Study on Normative Standards of Hard Asphalt for highway engineering in China
Authors: Li Jiang , YU Shengjun , Dawei LV
Published: May 2020

Hard asphalt has been applied and studied on Chinese highway asphalt pavement for nearly 20 years. Although it has excellent road performance, it has not been applied on a large scale. The main reason is that there is no clear technical standard and technical system for hard asphalt, which restricts the popularization and application of hard asphalt as a good material in the highway engineering. Therefore, it is urgent to formulate standards for hard asphalt products of highway engineering in China. In order to promote the large-scale application of hard asphalt for asphalt pavement in China, a draft definition of hard asphalt for highway use and a draft technical standard for engineering are proposed through a large number of tests and research analysis of various samples, drawing lessons from the current technical specifications and relevant international standards for hard asphalt.
Research on the Deformation Mechanisms of a Tunnel-Landslide System based on the Point Safety Factor of the Interface
Authors: WU Hong-gang , PAI Li-fang
Published: May 2020

Tunnel-landslide systems often cause slope deformation due to tunnel excavation along the slip surface. Based on the three-dimensional numerical calculation, the point safety factor of the interface (slip surface) of the tunnel-landslide system is defined as the ratio of the shear strength of the node to the sliding force. Taking an oblique tunnel-landslide system along the BAOJI-LANZHOU Passenger Dedicated Line as the main study objectives, the author determines the deformation mechanism of tunnel-landslide systems through the analysis of the distribution characteristics of the point safety factor of the interface. In this study, the conditions during excavation, conditions after construction, the interaction stability, deformation laws and possible failure modes, etc. of the tunnel-landslide system are seriously investigated. Our research indicates that the point safety factor of the interface can be taken as a quantitative assessment index of the tunnel-landslide system’s stability.
Analysisof Effective Length Factors of Hinged Pitched-Roof Framed Column with Sway under Arch Effect
Authors: Li Ping , Liu Liping , Teng Zunli
Published: May 2020

Aiming at the limitation of the calculated length coefficient of the gable portal rigid frame columns in the standards and regulations, which ignores the influence of the arch effect caused by the axial force of the inclined beams lope, this paper uses the elastic buckling equation of the solid-webbed articulated pitched-roof frame, considered 𝑃−𝛥 second-order effect and the arch effect of the inclined beam under uniform load together. And the length coefficient calculated is analyzed. It is concluded that the larger the slope of the inclined beam and the ratio of the rigid frame span are, the more obvious the arching effect is, and the larger the calculated length coefficient of the rigid frame column is.
Seismic damage mechanism of slope and lining in the mountain tunnel portal section
Authors: Xu Hua , Sun Runfang , Xu Jingsong , Tang Yinfei , Zhang Peng
Published: May 2020

A series of numerical simulations were conducted to study the seismic response in the mountain tunnel portal section. The seismic damage mechanism, including slope cracking and landslide, rockfalls and collapse, and lining cracking were analyzed based on the seismic damage characteristics of the Longxi tunnel during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China. The results show that slope cracking due to the huge horizontal seismic inertial force which exceeds the strength of slope; landslide is caused by the connected cracks where the oblique component of horizontal seismic inertia force exceeds the shear strength of slope; rockfalls and collapse are caused by the cumulative tensile stress in loose soil and rock which exceed the strength of slope; the transverse lining cracks due to the alternate tensile and compressive action of the seismic load along the axial direction, which makes the lining tensile strain accumulates and exceeds the concrete ultimate strength. As for the longitudinal lining cracking, the transverse seismic load makes the bending moment direction in lining alternates, leading to the strength reduction of concrete. Moreover, the circumferential penetrating rupture zone is caused by the large shear force resulting from the slope sliding, which leads to the stress concentration at vault and when the tensile stress exceeds the concrete tensile strength, the vault begins to crack, and then the cracks extend from the arch shoulder to foot.
Application of and research on TiO2 photocatalysis technology
Authors: Mengjie Wu , Kun Liu
Published: May 2020

Nano-TiO2 photocatalysis technology is a new environmental pollutant purification technology, but its application is very extensive. This paper introduces the photocatalytic properties of nano-TiO2, and summarizes the research progress of nano-TiO2 in industrial wastewater, marine pollution, solid waste degradation, air purification and sterilization. At the same time, it is pointed out that the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic technology has not fully reached the practical application level, and the development trend of nano-TiO2 photocatalytic materials is prospected. Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) using nanomaterials is a promising technology for removing pollutants, especially in deodorization, degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and sterilization. The mechanism of nanometer photocatalysis was reviewed in this paper. The influence factors including initial concentration of pollutants, reaction time, light intensity, humidity, surface area and catalyst activity were discussed. Furthermore, the application in photocatalytic removal of gas phase contaminants was summarized, and the future development of its application was proposed based on the existing problems.
Synthesis of 2,4,6,8,10-pentaaza[3.3.3]propellane substituted with different groups
Authors: Zhang Lizhu , Zhang Qi , Xue Yahan , Zhou Guangwei , Yan Qunsheng , Li Jiarong
Published: May 2020

Polyaza[3.3.3]propellanes have good symmetry and strong ring tension, which are suitable as the skeleton structure of functional materials such as high energy density materials. Based on the single benzyl derivative of 3,7,9.11-tetraoxo-2,4,6,8,10-pentaaza[3.3.3]propellane (compound3), a series of 2,4,6,8,10- pentaaza[3.3.3]propellane derivatives, such as4a-cand their reduced derivatives5a-c, were synthesized successfully.
Study on thermodynamics of glycerol hydrogenolysis to high value-added diols
Authors: Liu Liping , Cui Yu , Chen Shuo , Fang Shuqi
Published: May 2020

The thermodynamic process on hydrogenolysis of glycerol to high value-added diols was studied. The thermodynamic parameters of the main reaction equations were calculated, and the effects of temperature, pressure and molar ratio of hydrogen to glycerol on the products of the reaction equilibrium system were analysed. The deep hydrogenolysis system of glycerol and the degradation of its diols are also discussed. The results show that temperature has a great influence on the selectivity of the products. 1,2-propanediol is more easily formed. The optimum conditions for hydrogenolysis of glycerol to 1,2-propanediol are 400-500 K and the molar ratio of hydrogen to glycerol of 1.0-1.5. The calculated results are compared with the related experimental results.
A design of a multistage recycling device for Marine plastic waste
Authors: Fang Duokui
Published: May 2020

Based on the research of Marine plastic garbage recovery method, the discussion of the recovery device and the understanding of the types of ships, this paper designs a multi-stage recovery device for Marine plastic garbage. This device according to the types of the existing Marine plastic garbage and recycling requirements, effective implementation for big (more than 50 cm diameter or width), medium (diameter and width are between 5 mm ~ 50 cm) and micro (diameter or width under 5 mm) type size grade plastic debris automatic classification recycling, determined the primary barb type crawler collection device, second level network intercept type garbage collection device and the third level based on the sponge and activated carbon micro plastic collection device. Recycling and storage of Marine plastic waste to effectively address Marine plastic pollution is consistent with the MARPOL convention on the protection of the Marine environment.
An Analysis of Air Permeability of Men’s Quick-Dry Sportswear
Authors: Fan Yan-Ngo , Wang Wenyi , Kan Chi-Wai , Visesphan Krailerck , Boontorn Kornchanok , Pattavanitch Jitti , Intasean Thawatchai , Mongkholrattanasit Rattanaphol
Published: May 2020

Air permeability is one of the thermal comfort properties of clothing and fabrics. This study evaluated the quick dry properties of summer men’s T-shirts of different brands (Nike, Adidas, Laishilong and Columbia) by studying the air permeability behavior. Both Nike and Adidas samples were knitted by single jersey, while double jersey was used for Laishilong and Columbia T-shirts. The materials for Adidas, Laishilong and Columbia were polyester while Nike was made of cotton and polyester. Overall, both Nike and Adidas were found to perform better in terms of air permeability than those of Laishilong and Columbia.
A fault identification method for marine auxiliary machinery
Authors: Fang Tang , Pan Li , Jianghui Xie , Peixin Li
Published: May 2020

A large number of auxiliary equipment is set up on the shipping system, most of them is rotating machinery and in working state for most of the time, it is very important to identify health condition of equipment to find early damage and avoid fatal failure. Acoustic emission is based on rapid release of energy in case of material deformation or cracking. Auxiliary equipment will continue to emit acoustic signals, which is collected by means of a protable detection device in this paper, parameters like RMS, Peak Factor are calculated to identify health condition in time domain. Through laboratory simulation test and real ship test, the result shows that by comparing the parameters of acoustic emission signal, health condition or its change trend can be obtained, early failure of equipment can be prevented.
Research and Application of New Polybasic Acid
Authors: Mengmeng Ning , Peng Wang , Jinfeng Chen , Zhengdong Xu , Changjun Long , Yutao Li , Weizhong Kong , Jiangfen Jia , Zhiguo Zeng , Yuanzhao Jia
Published: May 2020

Sandstone reservoirs in Huabei Oilfield are characterized by low porosity, low permeability, high clay content, strong heterogeneity and high reservoir temperature. In order to solve the problems of rapid reaction, short effective penetration distance and secondary precipitation in conventional acid system, a new composite acid system is studied. The experimental results show that the acid-rock reaction speed of the new composite acid system is lower than that of the conventional acid system; the chelating ability of Ca2+, Fe3+ and Mg2+ ions is stronger; the corrosion rate of N80 steel is 1.57g/m2•h, far below the industry standard (10-20g/m2•h); the permeability of the core after acidizing increased by 3.5 times. This new type of composite acid system with slow reaction speed, scale inhibition and deep penetration is of great significance for acidizing low porosity and low permeability sandstone reservoirs in Huabei Oilfield.
A Theoretical Study on the Excited States of the KCCH Radical
Authors: Zhang Haifeng , Cui Jiubo , Zhao Xiaodong , Wu Yunfei , Pei Weiwei , Zhu Xuetong
Published: May 2020

Based on the C2v symmetry, the low-lying electronic states of the KCCH radical was studied in the complete active pace self-consistent field (CASSCF) and multi-configurational second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) methods. For the low-lying electronic states of KCCH, the calculated harmonic vibrational modes are in agreement with theoretical reports. Moreover, the electron transitions of KCCH, from X1Σ+ to 21Σ+, 11Π, 21Π, 11Σ-, 13Σ+, 13Π, 23Π and 13Σ-, are predicted at 5.43, 5.59, 7.87, 5.50, 5.15, 5.73, 5.53 and 6.82 eV, respectively. The CASSCF/CASPT2 potential energy curves (PECs) were calculated for K+-loss dissociation from the 13Σ+, 23Σ+,13Π ,21Σ, 11Π and 21Π states. Analyses of electron transition and dissociation curves show the ionic properties in the metal–ligand bond for KCCH. The dissociation energy of the KCCH (X1Σ+)→CCH-(11Σ)+K+(S0) is 4.423 eV at the CASSCF/CASPT2 level.
Analysis method of brittle failure probability of steel members
Authors: Yu Liuming , Chang Yi , Yi Linli , Chen Ying , Yang Cheng , Gao Jinhe
Published: May 2020

In recent years, researchers have been proposed various analytical methods to calculate the structural reliability. However, a series of low stress brittle fracture accidents occurred in steel structure, the brittle failure of steel members cannot be ignored. The analytical method of a steel structure with potentially brittle steel members was developed. The brittle failure of a steel members is represented by the brittle failure probability. However, the calculating method of brittle failure probability is still not clear. In order to evaluate structural reliability, the brittle failure probability should be more accurate. In this paper, a method was applied to calculate the brittle failure probability of steel members.
Adsorption of molybdenum (VI) in contaminated water using Fe3O4/CTS magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Chao Lei , Wang Yao , Cao Yu , Li Yafeng
Published: May 2020

To solve the problem of excess molybdenum, a new composite nanomaterial was prepared for adsorption and removal of Mo (VI). Chitosan-modified magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4/CTS) were prepared by the method of glutaraldehyde crosslinking. The morphology of the composite nanoparticles was characterized by a scanning electron microscope, and the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were characterized by an external magnetic field. The content of Mo (VI) was determined by thiocyanate spectrophotometry. The relationship between adsorbent dosage, oscillation velocity, contact time and removal of Mo (VI) was studied. The results showed that when the dosage of Fe3O4/CTS magnetic nanoparticles was 0.4 g, the oscillation speed was 100 r min-1, and the contact time was 10 min, 100 ml of Mo (VI) solution was treated under the condition of initial pH =4, and the removal effect of Fe3O4/CTS magnetic nanoparticles on Mo (VI) was the best. Treatment effluent can reach the comprehensive sewage discharge standard in Liaoning Province. At the same time, it is proved that Fe3O4/CTS magnetic nanoparticles are a kind of adsorbent which is easy to recover, easy to separate magnetically, and has the ability to remove Mo (VI) efficiently.
Analysis on Corrosion Fracture of Guyed Rod of Cable Stayed Iron Tower in 110 kV Transmission Line
Authors: Chen Hao , Zhang Xuechao , Liu Xiao , Qiao Xin
Published: May 2020

The guyed rod is of great importance for supporting tower and resisting wind pressure, and its reliability is an effective guarantee for safe and stable operation of power grid. In this paper, the fractured guyed rod used for cable stayed iron tower in a 110kV transmission line was investigated by means of macro-morphology inspection, chemical composition analysis, microstructure analysis, scanning electron microscope, mechanical properties test, soil physicochemical properties inspection and energy spectrum analysis. The result showed that electrode potentials difference existed between different parts on the surface of the guyed rod caused by the uneven distribution of oxygen concentration was the major reason for electrochemical corrosion. Under the action of oxygen concentration cell, the effective cross-sectional area of the guyed rod decreased below the critical value, leading to the final fracture of the guyed rod.
Primary Frequency Regulation Requirement of South Africa Grid Code and its DIgSILENT Simulation
Authors: Chu Jingchun , Yuan Ling , Pan Haining , Hou Jianming
Published: May 2020

Wind power is a kind of renewable energy with unexpected and unfriendly characteristics, so different countries have their own grid code to restrain wind power generation to an acceptable performance. In South Africa, before a Wind Power Plant (WPP) is connected to the grid, WPP’s performance must be pre-evaluated according to the requirements of the Grid Code, which is compulsory for any new WPP of South Africa. This paper firstly introduced the primary frequency regulation requirement for WPP evaluation in South Africa, then explained how the WPP, Power Plant Controller (PPC) and wind turbine generators (WTGs) are modelled and manipulated. Secondly, DIgSILENT model of a wind energy project in South Africa is built, and its PPC controller is initialized for simulating primary frequency response. Thirdly, simulation is executed to follow the pre-defined grid dispatch constructions, and the simulation results are compared with the on-site test records to evaluate the consistency with the grid code. The plant’s overall precision and response speed for validation test was well performed and compliant with grid code.
Study on Economic Activity Analysis based on the Interaction of “Operation, Value and Performance”
Authors: Gao Jie
Published: May 2020

In order to meet external regulation and challenges, and improve the quality of internal economic activity analysis, this study establishes a linkage analysis system from corporate strategy to strategic objectives to financial indicators to business indicators by building 3 independent and interrelated analysis models. One of them is the model of influencing factors of change of operating efficiency index, one of them is the traceability analysis model of the sales of electricity and electricity price, and the last one is an investment performance traceability analysis model. In this study, the actual data of a unit is used as an example. With the help of big data analysis, we fully tap the value of the company’s big data, accurately locate the weak links and risk points of management. By doing this we finely promote economic activity analysis system more comprehensive, more real-time, more dynamic and more intelligent, and thus improve the efficiency of business decision-making. The practicality of economic activity analysis based on “operation, value and performance” is confirmed.
Analysis on the Causes of Cracking at the Last Stage Blade of the Low-pressure Rotor in thermal power plant
Authors: Xie Liming , Tian Feng , Liu Jun , Chen Hao
Published: May 2020

Transverse cracking occurred in the blade body of the last stage of the low pressure rotor of a 200MW unit in a thermal power plant. The causes of blade cracking were analyzed by means of macro morphology, SEM, microstructure, mechanical properties, chemical composition and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that the corrosive Cl- accumulates on leaves, and then combined action of tensile stress is formed with the static load and dynamic load during the blade operation, and the stress corrosion microcracks had been conceived in the Cl- corrosion region. Under the long period cyclic excitation stress of the blade during the rotor rotation at high speed, the crack source extends in fatigue mode, finally resulting in cracking.
Regional Power System Planning Optimization Considering Demand Side Resources
Authors: Xu Bo , Zhang Fuqiang , Huang Hai , Du Yi
Published: May 2020

Power demand side resources include interruptible load and transferable load. With the aid of demand side resources, we can reduce peak load of power system and slow down the power grid investment, and promote the efficiency of power system operation. Based on the assessment of the potential value of demand side resources, this paper proposes a regional power system planning optimization model considering demand side response. The regional total costs of investment cost, fuel cost and demand response compensation cost are minimized with power system planning and operation constraints. The benefits of the proposed model are investigated through several case studies.
Numerical Analysis for layout methods on h-shaped double row piles
Authors: Zhan Zhiqi , Xu Guangli , Mahler András , Luo Xin
Published: May 2020

In this thesis, the numerical models of multi-stages excavation foundation pit with h-shaped double row piles as the retaining structure were built by finite element software PLAXIS 3D with HS small model as the constitutive equation for soil layers, then the numerical models for two different pile layout methods, parallel layout and staggered layout, were calculated, calculation results were compared. The numerical calculation result shows that back row piles stand most load, so they need to be strengthened during the design and construction process; the bending moment of back row piles at the position connecting with beam is the largest, which need to be strengthened; the h-shaped double row piles with staggered layout method is better than the parallel way, which could be used to improve the safety of engineering, as well as achieving economic rationality.
Design and Realization of Intelligent Phase-controlled System for Permanent Magnetic Actuator of AC Contactor
Authors: Ya bin Chen , Zhen tao Zhang , Qiang Li , Ping Guo Zou
Published: May 2020

When the AC contactor switches the capacitor bank, the phase angle of the power grid is random, so the electromagnetic transient process will generate large inrush current and overvoltage, causing large disturbance to the power system. A set of AC contactor with permanent magnetic actuator (PMA) and its intelligent phase selection control system are designed to solve this problem. Firstly, the PMA is designed. The dynamic characteristics of the actuator are simulated and analyzed in ANSOFT to meet the performance requirements of phase selection control. Then the principle of phase selection control and the strategy of switching capacitor bank are analyzed. Based on this, the software and hardware of intelligent phase selection control system are designed, including phase selection control module, IGBT driver module and coil discharge module. Finally, the experimental verification is carried out on the designed AC contactor. The test results show that the phase selection errors of the designed intelligence system are within 1°, and the contactor closing and opening time deviations are within 0.5ms, which means the system can effectively realize the closing and opening control at the specified phase angle.
Typical failure forms and improvement measures of power grid fasteners
Authors: Huang Zhi , Feng Chao , Liu Jun , Gong Jie , Hu Jiarui , Xie Yi , Wang Wun , Long Yi , Liu Weike
Published: May 2020

By investigating the fastening defects of power grid components, it was concluded that unreasonable design, insufficient corrosion protection, improper assembly and insufficient fastening were the four typical forms of bolt failure. In response to the above problems, improvement measures such as design review, material sampling inspection, construction supervision, and operation and maintenance inspection were proposed.
Research on Optimization of Port Container Inland Collection and Distribution Network
Authors: Wang Xuan , Jing Yun
Published: May 2020

With the advancement of country’s “the Belt and Road” strategy, each port is actively formulating development strategies to help implement the strategy. The port inland collection and distribution network is an important guarantee for the development of the port, and it is a key component to promote the connection between the port and the inland hinterland. It has an important role in expanding the scale of the port and improving the overall competitiveness of the port. Aiming at the current imbalance of the collection and distribution methods and the imperfect collection and distribution networks in most ports, this paper establishes an optimal model of collection and distribution network costs and quantitatively optimizes the collection and distribution network corridors. The Tianjin Port is selected as a case study object. And the MATLAB software is used to solve the analysis. The conclusion is that Tianjin Port could alleviate the pressure of the collection and distribution network by increasing the density of container trains with the hinterland cities, which verified the validity of the model.
Simulation Analysis on Partial Discharge Signals Produced by Multiple Insulation Defects in GIS
Authors: Yun Yuxin , Xu Guangke , Zhang Weiwei , Li Xing , Chen Lingying
Published: May 2020

In this paper, the simulation analysis on partial discharge (PD) signals produced by multiple insulation defects in gas insulated substation (GIS) has been researched by the simulation software of electromagnetic field (XFDTD). The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the single partial discharge signal is the linear convolution of the partial discharge current signal and its corresponding impact response in GIS. The mixed partial discharge signals are the linear mixtures of every partial discharge signal.
Analysis on Electrification Development Mode from a Global Perspective
Authors: Feng Junshu , Wang Peng
Published: May 2020

In the context of a global response to climate change, the key to the future low-carbon energy transition is “electricity-cantered”, which makes use of renewable energy. This paper studied the typical modes of improving electrification from a global perspective, including clean energy driving mode, industry upgrading driving mode, regional resource integrated planning mode, power grid-led mode and inclusive mode for all. The research can provide options of electrification development in different regions all over the world.
Bidding strategy of power generation companies in the centralized electricity spot market
Authors: Han Jinshan , Li Pengfei , Zhang Tingting , Wang Lingxiang , Liu Dunnan
Published: May 2020

With the development of China’s power market reform, the spot market has gradually opened up. The spot market is characterized by volatility and uncertainty. Generators urgently need to manage spot market trading income and risks to avoid the risk of spot price fluctuations. This paper studies the bidding strategies of power generation companies in the concentrated spot market, proposes a risk-return coordination method based on the probability of winning bids and conducts case verification. The example shows that the method can assist the power generation companies to formulate bidding strategies.
Damage localization based on modal strain energy index and evidence theory
Authors: Zhao Jianhua , Shi Minghui , Yin Guansheng , Lian Xiangdong
Published: May 2020

A damage localization approach based on modal strain energy index and evidence theory is proposed in this paper. First, the modal strain energy change ratio (MSECR) method and modal strain energy dissipation ratio (MSEDR) method are used to preliminarily detect the damage locations, respectively. Then, the evidence fusion technique is applied to integrate these results and determine the damage locations of structures. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a numerical example is considered. The numerical results show that the proposed method achieves a better performance in determining the damage locations of structures.
Research on Construction Schedule Optimization of Assembly Building Based on NSGA-II
Authors: Wang Ru , Lian Jing
Published: May 2020

Considering multiple possible scenarios in the process of project construction, the prefabricated project scheduling problem is studied in combination with the theory of multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem. Multi-objective multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling model with time/robustness trad-offs was constructed. Next, the adjusted non-dominated genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was designed to solve the model. Finally, the proposed model and algorithm were implicated to a real project, in order that research achievement can guide managers to make decisions and invest resources scientifically and reasonably.
Research and Policy Suggestions on Promoting the Greenization of the Lifecycle of Automobile Products
Authors: Jia Wang , Lulu Huo , Yonghe Huang , Bin Liu , Yuke Li , Wei Pan , Zhenbiao Li , Hong Shi
Published: May 2020

The greenization of product cycle is the current development trend. Production and consumption are two important links in the lifecycle of automobiles. Therefore, these two links play an important role during the promotion of the greenization of the lifecycle. Through carrying out the evaluation of the environmental benefits of the automobile air conditioning refrigerant alternatives and the analysis of the implementation effect of the automobile taxation scheme, this paper makes suggestions of the greenization of the production and consumption links, thus accelerating the progress of the lifecycle.
Antiplaquettaires actuels, en cours de développement et cibles thérapeutiques
Authors: El Alaoui Mustapha Zine , Guy Alexandre , Khalki Loubna , Limami Youness , Benomar Ali , Zaid Nabil , Cherrah Yahia , Mekhfi Hassan , Cadi Rachida , Zaid Younes
Published: May 2020

Les maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) sont la première cause de mortalité dans le monde. Les plaquettes jouent un rôle majeur dans le développement de ces maladies et la mise au point d’antiplaquettaires efficaces constitue une priorité dans le cadre de la lutte contre la mortalité liée aux MCV. L’aspirine et les médicaments de la famille des thiénopyridines sont les agents antiplaquettaires les plus utilisés actuellement. Ces médicaments ciblent des voies de signalisation impliquées dans l’initiation de l’agrégation, exerçant ainsi un effet antiplaquettaire modéré. D’autres médicaments aux effets plus importants, comme les molécules dirigées contre le récepteur GPIIb/IIIa, inhibent l’agrégation plaquettaire indépendamment de la voie de signalisation initiant l’activation plaquettaire, mais ils sont associés à des complications hémorragiques majorées. Étant données les caractéristiques spécifiques de chacun de ces agents antiplaquettaires, leur prescription nécessite de prendre en compte le type d’évènement cardio-vasculaire, l’âge et les comorbidités du patient traité et, bien sûr, les effets secondaires hémorragiques potentiels de la molécule qui est prescrite. Apparaît donc la nécessité de mettre au point de nouvelles molécules ayant un effet plus ciblé, gardant une efficacité optimale, mais permettant une réduction du risque hémorragique qui constitue la principale limite des médicaments antiplaquettaires.
Métaux, pollution de l’air et santé
Authors: Meyer Caroline , Leblond Sébastien , Jacquemin Bénédicte , Lequy Émeline
Published: May 2020

L’exposition à long terme aux particules atmosphériques a des effets bien documentés sur la santé humaine, mais le rôle des métaux reste à explorer. En France, la réglementation impose le suivi des teneurs ambiantes de certains métaux. Mais ces données, du fait d’un maillage trop large ou irrégulier, sont difficilement exploitables en épidémiologie à grande échelle. Les mousses, des végétaux capables d’accumuler les métaux atmosphériques, sont utilisées depuis plusieurs décennies en biosurveillance de la qualité de l’air. Elles fournissent des données exploitables en épidémiologie grâce auxquelles nous avons montré une association entre métaux d’origine anthropique et sur-risque de mortalité en France.
Les bactéries, organismes de choix pour comprendre les mécanismes de réparation des protéines oxydées
Authors: Broc Marianne , Hachemane Mohand , Novelli Marine , Sourice Mathieu , Aussel Laurent
Published: May 2020

Dans le cadre de l’unité d’enseignement « Rédiger en sciences » proposée par l’université d’Aix-Marseille, les étudiants du Master 2 de microbiologie se sont confrontés aux exigences de l’écriture scientifique.

Quatre thématiques leur ont été proposées : les virus géants, les systèmes de sécrétion, la motilité bactérienne et la réparation des protéines oxydées. Après un travail préparatoire effectué avec l’équipe pédagogique et les auteurs des publications originales, les étudiants, organisés en groupes de trois ou quatre, ont rédigé une Nouvelle soulignant les résultats majeurs et l’originalité des quatre articles étudiés. Complété par un entretien avec les chercheurs auteurs de ces articles, l’ensemble offre un éclairage original sur la compréhension du vivant dans le domaine de la microbiologie.
L’éthique des essais thérapeutiques
Authors: Alperovitch Annick , Lazar Philippe
Published: May 2020

La pandémie de COVID-19 a conduit certains acteurs reconnus de la médecine à renoncer aux méthodes codifiées de la recherche médicale au profit d’affirmations établies dans l’urgence et sans réelle évaluation scientifique. Autant l’on peut comprendre que certains praticiens recourent à ce qui leur est ainsi proposé, autant cette confusion entre action dans l’urgence et recherche scientifique serait lourde de conséquences si elle venait à se généraliser, et cela à de multiples points de vue : image et rôle de la science, qualité et éthique de la recherche médicale et en fin de compte sort des malades soumis à des traitements mal évalués. Ce sont ces questions qui motivent la mise au point qui suit sur les questions d’éthique associées de longue date aux « essais thérapeutiques », cette procédure rationnelle d’acquisition dans les meilleurs délais d’informations fiables sur les avantages et les risques des traitements dont on envisage l’éventuelle utilisation.
Kombinationstherapie von schweren Onychomykosen – Empfehlungen eines Expertengremiums
Authors: Effendy I. , Mayer J. , Nenoff P. , Reinel D. , Schaller M.
Published: May 2020

Onychomykosen sind schwer behandelbare Pilzinfektionen des Nagelorgans mit einer hohen Rezidivrate. Klinische Studien zeigen, dass bei gesicherter schwerer Nagelmykose durch Dermatophyten eine Steigerung der kompletten Heilungsrate (mykologisch plus klinisch) durch eine Kombinationsbehandlung mit lokal applizierten und oral verabreichten Antimykotika im Vergleich zur systemischen Monotherapie erreicht werden kann. Am besten untersucht sind Regime mit kontinuierlich täglicher Einnahme von Terbinafin und wöchentlicher Applikation eines Amorolfin-haltigen Nagellacks. Eine topische Monotherapie mit einem Nagellack kommt v. a. bei einer superfiziellen weißen Onychomykose (SWO) oder einer distal-subungualen Onychomykose (DSO) mit einem geringeren Befallsgrad ohne Beteiligung der Matrix infrage. Die mechanische Entfernung des infizierten Nagelmaterials und hygienische Maßnahmen unterstützen die Therapie. Kritisch für die Erfolgsaussichten ist eine hohe Langzeitadhärenz der Patienten. Die Therapie sollte bis zum Auftreten der Erscheinungsfreiheit andauern. Anschließend empfiehlt sich eine dauerhafte Rezidivprophylaxe mit antimykotischem Nagellack.
Verspätete Aufklärung vor Lasertherapie eines Naevus flammeus
Authors: Elsner P. , Meyer J.
Published: May 2020

Ein Naevus flammeus im Bereich der rechten Wange einer Patientin wurde von einem Dermatologen mit einem Diodenlaser behandelt. In der Folge kam es zu einer Wundheilungsstörung und einer hypertrophen Narbe, die in einer Klinik für plastische Chirurgie mittels Vollhauttransplantation korrigiert wurde. Es verblieben dokumentierte Narbenzustände sowie ein beginnendes Ektropium.

Während ein von der Schlichtungsstelle beauftragter Gutachter keinen Behandlungsfehler feststellen konnte, kam die Schlichtungsstelle aufgrund rechtlicher Überlegungen zu dem Schluss, dass der Hautarzt gleichwohl der Patientin gegenüber für die eingetretenen Körperschäden haftbar sei, da keine rechtswirksame Einwilligung für die Laserbehandlung vorgelegen habe. Diese setze eine entsprechende Aufklärung voraus. Die Aufklärung der Patientin erfolgte jedoch am gleichen Tag, an dem ebenfalls die Behandlung durch den Hautarzt stattfand. Eine Aufklärung dürfe auch bei kleineren Eingriffen nicht erst so kurzfristig erfolgen, dass der Patient schon während der Aufklärung mit der anschließenden Durchführung des Eingriffs rechnen muss und deshalb unter Druck steht, sich nicht mehr aus dem bereits in Gang gesetzten Geschehensablauf lösen zu können.

Gerade bei dermatologischen Eingriffen im Grenzbereich zwischen medizinischer Notwendigkeit und kosmetischer Indikation kommt einer umfassenden Aufklärung auch über seltene Risiken einer Behandlung als Voraussetzung für eine rechtswirksame Einwilligung in die Durchführung der Behandlung große Bedeutung zu. Diese sollte grundsätzlich mündlich und schriftlich sowie rechtzeitig vor der Behandlung stattfinden, um dem Patienten Bedenkzeit zu geben und die Voraussetzung für eine informierte Einwilligung zu schaffen. Von einer Aufklärung erst kurz vor Durchführung der Laserbehandlung am gleichen Tag ist abzuraten. Nach der umfassenden mündlichen Aufklärung und Beantwortung allfälliger Fragen des Patienten sollten der Umfang der Aufklärung und die Einwilligung schriftlich dokumentiert werden.
Colonoscopy later than 270 days in a fecal immunochemical test-based population screening program is associated with higher prevalence of colorectal cancer
Authors: Zorzi Manuel , Hassan Cesare , Capodaglio Giulia , Baracco Maddalena , Antonelli Giulio , Bovo Emanuela , Rugge Massimo
Published: May 2020

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs based on fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) generate substantial pressure on colonoscopy capacity in Europe. Thus, a relevant proportion of FIT-positive patients undergo colonoscopy after the recommended 30-day interval, which may be associated with an excess CRC risk.

Methods In a cohort of 50–69-year-old patients undergoing biennial rounds of FIT (OC-Hemodia latex agglutination test; cutoff 20 µg hemoglobin/g feces) between 2004 and 2017, we assessed the outcome at colonoscopy (low/high risk adenoma/CRC/advanced stage CRC) among FIT-positive patients, according to different time intervals. The association of each outcome with waiting time, and demographic and clinical factors, was analyzed through multivariable analysis.

Results 123 138/154 213 FIT-positive patients (79.8 %) underwent post-FIT colonoscopy. Time to colonoscopy was ≤ 30 days, 31–180 days, and ≥ 181 days in 50 406 (40.9 %), 71 724 (58.3 %), and 1008 (0.8 %) patients, respectively. At colonoscopy, CRC, high risk adenoma, and low risk adenoma were diagnosed in 4813 (3.9 %), 30 500 (24.8 %), and 22 986 (18.7 %) patients, respectively. An increased CRC prevalence at colonoscopy was observed for a time to colonoscopy of ≥ 270 days (odds ratio [OR] 1.75, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.15–2.67), whereas it was stable for waiting times of < 180 days. The proportion of advanced CRC also increased after 270 days (OR 2.79, 95 %CI 1.03–7.57). No increase for low or high risk adenomas according to time to colonoscopy was observed.

Conclusion In a European FIT-based screening program, post-FIT colonoscopy after 9 months was associated with an increased risk of CRC and CRC progression.
Bevölkerungsbezogene psychische Gesundheit als
Schlüsselfaktor im Umgang mit COVID-19
Authors: Hahad Omar , Gilan Donya A , Daiber Andreas , Münzel Thomas
Published: May 2020

Ziel Das Ziel des Beitrages besteht darin, auf die bedeutsame Rolle der
Prävention und Reduktion der psychischen Belastungen in der
Allgemeinbevölkerung und in sensiblen Gruppen im Rahmen der
Coronavirus-Krankheit-2019 (COVID-19) -Pandemie hinzuweisen.

Methodik Der vorliegende Beitrag umfasst die Analyse und Bewertung von
Studien und Empfehlungen von Organisationen wie der Weltgesundheitsorganisation
(WHO), die die bevölkerungsbezogenen psychischen Auswirkungen von
Epi-/Pandemien und deren Einfluss auf den weiteren Verlauf untersucht
haben.

Ergebnisse Angstbedingte Verhaltensweisen können sich negativ auf
den Verlauf von Epidemien auswirken. Im Rahmen vergangener Ausbrüche von
Infektionskrankheiten (Ebola- und Zika-Virus) konnte ermittelt werden, dass
maladaptive Verhaltensweisen, bedingt durch erhöhte psychische
Belastungen und Ängste, die Implementierung von Behandlungsstrategien
und -maßnahmen beeinträchtigen und zu einer stärkeren
Ausbreitung beitragen können. Hierbei können Strategien im
Umgang mit Infektionskrankheiten, die Verdrängung und
Unterdrückung von Ängsten beinhalten, einen Teufelskreis
auslösen, wobei Ängste und Verdrängung sich gegenseitig
verstärken.

Schlussfolgerungen Die COVID-19-Pandemie stellt eine immense
Herausforderung mit noch ungewissem Ausgang für Regierungen,
Gesundheitssysteme und Menschen dar, die mit erheblichen
Beeinträchtigungen der psychischen Gesundheit in der Bevölkerung
verbunden ist. Im Einklang mit Empfehlungen der WHO sollten nationale Leitlinien
und präventive Maßnahmen die psychischen Auswirkungen, die
Akzeptanz und Normalisierung von Ängsten und die Förderung von
Resilienz in der Bevölkerung im Umgang mit COVID-19 umfassen, um einer
weiteren Ausbreitung entgegenwirken zu können.
Todesfälle in neun Regionen Italiens im
Februar/März 2020:
„Mortalitäts-Exzess-Lupe“ für
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-Epidemiologie in Deutschland
Authors: Morfeld Peter , Erren Thomas C
Published: May 2020

Italien ist besonders durch SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 betroffen.
Kürzlich haben Colombo und Impicciatore die Todesfallzahlen in 1084
ausgewählten Gemeinden im Zeitfenster 21.2.2020 bis zum 21.3.2020 mit
den entsprechenden Todesfallzahlen in den gleichen Zeitfenstern 2015 bis 2019
verglichen. Wir erweitern Auswertungen von Daten des Nationalen Instituts
für Statistik Italiens (ISTAT) und berechnen Standardisierte
Mortalitäts-Ratios (SMRs) in den neun ausgewählten Regionen
Italiens, getrennt für Männer und Frauen und zusammengefasst.
Wir analysieren Kovariableneinflüsse mit Poisson-Modellen und
diskutieren Limitierungen dieser aktuellen Ausarbeitungen. Wir schlussfolgern:
In Übereinstimmung mit Colombo und Impicciatore kann in der besonderen
Corona-Situation diese „Mortalitäts-Exzess-Lupe“
– bei Annahme sonst konstanter Determinanten für
Todesfälle – ein Virus-Test-unabhängiges Instrument
sein, Mortalitätseffekte von SARS-CoV-2 zu bestimmen. Die aktuelle
„Lupe“ ist fokussiert auf Gemeinden mit Zunahmen um mehr als
20% an Todesfällen im März 2020 im Vergleich zu den
durchschnittlichen Todesfällen an denselben Tagen in den Jahren
2015–2019. Man könnte das Zeitfenster der Untersuchung vor dem
21.2.2020 öffnen, um maskierte Mortalitätszunahmen bereits vor
der ersten Meldung eines „COVID-19-Todesfalls“ festzustellen.
Die aktuelle „Lupe“ vermittelt ausgeprägte
Mortalitätsanstiege auch in Regionen, die nicht als Corona-Hotspot
galten. Insofern können Mortalitätsdaten auch bei Fehlen
repräsentativer Virus-Testergebnisse wichtige Hinweise auf die
Verteilung oder Ausbreitung eines neu wirkenden Faktors sein. In der Gesamtschau
ist es angezeigt, SMR-Analysen für Deutschland
regelmäßig durchzuführen, differenziert nach Regionen,
Geschlechtern, Altersgruppen und Todesursachen. Solche Analysen können
zur Früherkennung und Beurteilung des Schweregrads einer
tödlichen Pandemie („Krankheitslast“) sowie zur
Überwachung der dynamischen Verbreitung eines Faktors wie SARS-CoV-2
beitragen. SMR-Analysen können auch genutzt werden, sowohl
erwünschte als auch unerwünschte Auswirkungen von
Maßnahmen gegen SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 – und ggfs. andere
Epidemien und Pandemien – abzuschätzen und zu evaluieren.