bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic assessment of the use of growth regulators and water-soluble fertilizers in the Volgograd Volga region
Authors: Ryabchikova N. B. , Kornilova M. S. , Nadezhkin S. M.
Published: April 2023

Relevance. This article shows the research conducted by researchers from the agrotechnical department of the Bykovskaya melon breeding station from 2018 to 2020.

Results. The data obtained make it possible to scientifically substantiate the most cost-effective methods and techniques for treating table watermelon plants to increase productivity in the Volgograd Trans-Volga region. Indicators of economic efficiency of production make it possible to compare the results of economic activity and reveal the productivity of the enterprise for this period in connection with an increase in the use of means of production and labor. In modern conditions of development of agricultural production, there is a need to develop new technologies adapted to the new conditions of land use. In connection with the sharp decline in recent years in the use of fertilizers, the problem arose of finding ways to maximize the use of the biological factor. To obtain stable yields, it is necessary to increase the adaptive capabilities of plants to extreme conditions in which gourds are grown in the zone of industrial melon growing in the Volgograd Trans-Volga region. One of them is the use of plant growth regulators and water-soluble fertilizers. One of the advantages of these drugs is their simplicity, variety of methods of their application and low cost. According to the cost-effectiveness data, it can be seen that the foliar treatment of table watermelon plants was the best option. In the first experiment, the Fitozont regulator, in the second, the water-soluble fertilizer Khakafos with one and a half norm (0.9), in the third experiment, the best results were shown by the variant with foliar treatment with a growth regulator in combination with the water-soluble fertilizer Vigor Forte + Agrovin Profi at a dosage of (0.05+0.5).
Greenhouses in space: from intention to implementation
Authors: Soldatenko A. V. , Pivovarov V. F. , Pyshnaya O. N. , Gurkina L. K. , Tareeva M. M.
Published: April 2023

April 12 is Cosmonautics Day, International Day of Human Space Flight. This is a memorable date dedicated to the flight of the first cosmonaut of the planet, Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin, who became a symbol of the earthlings' dream come true. The All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production (Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSBSI FSVC)), like a number of other academic institutions, from the beginning of space exploration, got involved in the work to solve the problem of developing food for astronauts and continues research to this day. In the embodiment of the ideas of K.E. Tsiolkovsky and S.P. Korolev on the creation of space greenhouses received a number of significant achievements in the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Institute of Biochemical Physics N.M. Emanuel, SSC RF IBMP RAS and others. Varieties of vegetable crops have been created, tested and recommended for weightlessness conditions: radish, Chinese cabbage, dill, lettuce and other rapidly maturing plants. The variety of Chinese Vesnyanka cabbage has successfully passed biotechnical tests on the ground model of the Phytocycle-SD space conveyor greenhouse, during which good production and biochemical parameters were obtained. Russian scientists are conducting research on developing a technology for cultivating various vegetable plants under space flight conditions – in closed ecosystems (synergotrons), which can serve as the basis of life support systems during space flights, at space stations or in space habitats, where some conditions specific for ISS. Studies have been carried out to study tomato plants grown from seeds that have been under space flight conditions for a long time. As a result of the study, a statistically significant increase in the levels of ascorbic acid, polyphenols and carotenoids, the total antioxidant activity of tomato fruits compared to plants grown from control seeds (ground control) was found.
Primary metabolites and betanin: their interplay in the roots of Table Beet (Beta vulgaris L.)
Authors: Sokolova D. V. , Shelenga T. V. , Solovieva A. E.
Published: April 2023

Relevance. The main source of the natural pigment betanin is table beet, known for its medicinal and antioxidant properties, earliness and long shelf life, rich in bioactive compounds, minerals and vitamins. This research was induced by the lack of information required by breeders to increase betanin content in beet. Metabolite profiling is an effective way to assess the interplay between individual metabolites and betanin content in table beet.

Materials and methods. The material was selected from the the N.I. Vavilov Institute of plant industry (VIR) collection. Biochemical analysis was based on VIR’s guidelines, and metabolite profiling on gas chromatography, coupled with mass spectrometry.

Results. 17 free amino acids were found in the beet root extract. The greatest number of positive correlations with other amino acids (r˃0.72) was found in tyrosine, alanine and phenylalanine. A significant (r = –0.66) negative correlation was observed between betanin and succinic acid, credibly associated with betalamic acid. Sucrose predominated among carbohydrates (95%). Sucrose and maltose showed a weak positive correlation with betanin. Unsaturated oleic and saturated palmitic acids dominated among fatty acids (52% and 20% of total fatty acids, respectively). Earlier-ripening and cold-resistant table beet accessions showed a predominance of unsaturated fatty acids and lower betanin content. The disclosed interactions are important for betanin-rich red beet breeding.
The effect of pre-sowing treatment biological preparations of common bean seeds for their sowing qualities
Authors: Zharkova S. V. , Filippova A. S.
Published: April 2023

Relevance. The use of biological preparations in agricultural technology of agricultural crops contributes to the preservation of agrophytocenosis, reduces environmental pollution and has a positive effect on the growth and development of the plants themselves. In this regard, the determination of the effectiveness of the use of biological products in the presowing treatment of common bean seeds is relevant and timely.

Materials and methods. In our study, we studied the effect of presowing treatment of common bean seeds with biological products: Polydon Bio Profi, Polydon Amino Mix, Polydon Aminomix, Alfastim on germination energy, germination, seed sprout size, number of roots and length of the root system. Three varieties were taken as objects of study: Athlete, Omichka, Sirenevaya.

Results. A different effect of preparations on the time of seed germination was revealed. The average germination time in options 1-4 was higher than the control values for all varieties, i.e. drugs slowed down germination. The seeds of the tested varieties responded positively to treatment with Alfastim (option 5): the average germination time in Fizkulturnitsa and Sirenevaya decreased by 8.5 and 9.8%, in the Omichka variety by 45%, compared with the control. Among the tested varieties, it is necessary to single out the Sirenevaya variety, which has the highest germination energy (ES) from 90% to 100% and seed germination (VS) from 98-100% in all treatment options. The most effective treatment of the Omichka variety was in option 2 (EP-90%, germination rate 90%), the values exceeded the control by 5%. For all options, the germination energy of the Fizkulturnitsa variety ranged from 72 to 90%, germination from 73 to 93%. A positive effect of drugs on the germination of seeds of this variety was established. The defeat of bean seeds by mold fungi was noted. Seed damage is mild to moderate. Seed damage by mold fungi in the variants using Polydon Bio Profi was absent, or it was weak up to 3.3% for all tested varieties. Morphobiometric indicators of seedlings and their root system in all varieties developed more effectively on variants with the use of Polydon Bio Profi and Alfastim preparations, and their mixtures
Cleaning the canals of reclaim systems with the help machines with various types of interchangeable working equipment
Authors: Abdulmazhidov Kh. A.
Published: April 2023

Relevance. The article describes zones with one or another predominant type of melioration depending on the territorial location of the reclaimed lands, a brief classification of channels is given according to design features, cross-sectional shape, throughput capacity and technical and operational characteristics. Channels are the main elements of reclamation systems. Ensuring high-quality operation of channels with the required bandwidth guarantees the efficient operation of the entire reclamation system. Characteristic canal deformations that occur during operation are given, as well as factors affecting the throughput of canals, such as the appearance of sediment, silting and grass vegetation, the growth of shrubs and small trees. The article presents sewer cleaning machines used on canals of reclamation systems during cleaning and restoration work, describes their design features for cleaning canals of various types and cross sections. Canal cleaners are described, which, according to the mode of operation, are both intermittent and continuous machines, which most effectively and efficiently clean the bottom and slopes of channels of various reclamation systems. The article also provides an explanation of the increase in the efficiency of canal cleaning and the subsequent high-quality work of the reclamation system in the case of using various complexes of sewer cleaning machines, including a variety of machines with different working bodies, sizes and quantities. The choice of the number of machines is directly related to technical and economic indicators: the use of a large number of machines may not be economically feasible, and the use of a minimum number of machines will not provide the re-quired cleaning. Thus, it is important to choose the optimal number of machines of various sizes that form a separate complex.
Sociedad civil y democracia en Chile
Authors: de la Maza Gonzalo
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo se analizan las relaciones entre la sociedad civil y la gobernabilidad democrática -que denominaremos gobernanza- en Chile. Se realiza una revisión histórica de dichas relaciones para luego profundizar en los cambios producidos por el prolongado régimen militar chileno (1973-1990) y los efectos que ello produjo. La perspectiva conceptual que se utiliza parte de comprender a la sociedad civil como el espacio intermedio entre el Estado y los hogares, en el cual se producen múltiples asociaciones autónomas y voluntarias de individuos con diferentes objetivos (Manor, 1998). Al vincular estas asociaciones voluntarias y autónomas con el tema de la gobernabilidad-por lo tanto, con la política y la gestión del Estado-, el espacio intermedio cobra relieve, privilegiándose algunos aspectos de la sociedad civil sobre otros. Particular interés revisten aquellas organizaciones de la sociedad civil que proponen orientaciones y reorientaciones para la gestión del Estado, y que plantean su discurso en el espacio público ligando la defensa o promoción de sus intereses y aspiraciones particulares a aspectos más generales de la organización social. La sociedad civil así definida es enormemente diversa; sin embargo, la diversidad pertinente para el enfoque de la gobernabilidad democrática es aquella que se percibe en las diferentes propuestas de organización social que emanan de los actores de la sociedad civil.
Las papeletas lexicográficas de peruanismos de Pedro Benvenutto Murrieta
Authors: Vargas Durand Luis
Published: April 2023

Reputadas desde hace varias décadas por el prestigio de Pedro Benvenutto (Lima, 1913-1978) como filólogo y por su caudal, estas papeletas se encuentran depositadas en la Biblioteca Benvenutto de la Universidad del Pacífico, desde que a la muerte de su autor, en 1978, sus libros y manuscritos fueran entregados a dicha Universidad. Estas papeletas, de las que acá damos noticia, están inéditas y son casi en su totalidad manuscritas. No obstante su valor e interés, su edición no ha podido aún realizarse, aunque no han faltado avances al respecto. Algunos de los problemas para emprender esta edición se describen en el presente trabajo.
A Case Report of Mammary Carcinoma in Royal Bengal Tiger
Authors: Manasa B. Baby , Sujani G. , Babu K. Nagesh , Srinivas V. , Purushotham Ch. , Nandani S. , Ratnakumari L. , Kumar R. Amarendhra
Published: April 2023

Background: In recent years increased frequency of mammary gland neoplasms have been reported in captive wild felids. Basing on published data, in tigers mammary gland carcinoma always seems to be highly invasive and metastatic. The present report describes a case of Mammary carcinoma with metastasis to lungs in a 20 year old Royal Bengal Tiger. Methods: Detailed necropsy examination of Royal Bengal Tiger revealed the subcutaneous massive lesion in the lower abdominal region. Representative tissue samples were collected in 10% formalin for histopathology examination. Result: Histopathological examination revealed small clusters of neoplastic epithelial cells. Micropapillae lacking fibrovascular cores extending into clear spaces. Cells exhibit moderate anisokaryosis and anisocytosis and variable numbers of mitoses with proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. Microscopic examination of lungs revealed the congestion, edema with focal proliferative neoplastic epithelial cells arranged in small clusters were scattered in the alveolar walls and spaces, indicative of metastasis. These histological features were suggestive of Mammary carcinoma with micropapillary pattern.
What is Cloud computing Benfits and challenges of Cloud
Authors: Jewargi Kiran
Published: April 2023

Cloud computing provides on-demand delivery of computer resources ranging from, compute, data storage, networking, software, and other IT services over the internet in exchange for pay as you go billing model. The study discusses various types of cloud computing available, cloud computing advantages, cloud computing implementation models, cost-effective IT solution, IT service agility, challenges, and features of cloud computing in this growing digital world.

Keywords: cloud, data storage, compute, digital, on-demand billing model.
Editorial
Authors: Kahil Cohon João Casimiro , Godoy Adriano Santos , Bort Junior João Roberto , Blanco Lis Furlani , Serber Luiza , Araújo Nathanael , Lisboa Paulo Victor Albertoni , Del Pino Ramón , Lassali Thais , Succi Brunela , Santos Giovanna Paccillo dos
Published: April 2023

A revista PROA, em seu primeiro número do décimo volume, traz principalmente a música enquanto objeto e problema das reflexões de artistas e antropólogos. Nesse momento que os seres humanos parecem indiferenciáveis diante do contagioso e recentemente conhecido Sars-CoV-2, tudo parece muito resumido a questões epidemiológicas. No entanto, com e a partir da música, os autores do dossiê “Música enquanto prática decolonial” problematizam a configuração da modernidade expondo a colonialidade que a engendra, o que implica questionar poderes criadores do mundo globalizado. Um dos efeitos mais notáveis e atuais do processo é o espraiamento da rede de contágio do vírus desacompanhado da paralela equalização das condições de combate à doença. Isto é, se um mundo pandêmico nos obriga a refletir sobre desigualdades, logo sobre poderes, a música faz nada menos e, ademais, favorece introduzir uma perspectiva de ruptura aos desaparecimentos a que são condenados conhecimentos, práticas, pessoas ou tudo aquilo que não é hegemônico.
O que foi considerado, na década de 1950, uma música “ganesa”?
Authors: Ferreira Yuri Pinto
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo explicitar os principais elementos constituintes de um artefato da cultura popular, o estilo musical highlife, que surgiu no início da década de 1900 na Costa do Ouro e que, na década de 1950, fora vinculado por atores políticos ao esforço anticolonial. As práticas associadas a tal estilo musical, provenientes de vários lugares do globo, foram tomados ideologicamente enquanto os signos par excellence de uma distintividade “africana” e “ganesa”. Neste trabalho pretendo explicitar o processo de africanização das práticas associadas a tal estilo musical. Para tanto, será elaborado um mapeamento acerca das teorias sobre cultura popular e, posteriormente, elencarei dados bibliográficos relativos ao contexto histórico analisado.
Diagnóstico situacional de un grupo de Unidades Productoras de Servicios de Medicina de Rehabilitación (UPS-MR) del Perú: estudio preliminar
Authors: Palomino-Peña César Augusto , Santillana-Vásquez Pamela Janeth
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Describir el diagnóstico situacional de un grupo de Unidades Productoras de Servicios de Medicina de Rehabilitación (UPS-MR) del Perú evaluadas en el 2019 y 2020. Material y  métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal y descriptivo del análisis secundario de datos de la evaluación que realizó la Dirección Ejecutiva de Investigación y Docencia en Prevención de Riesgos y Promoción de la Salud del Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación “Dra. Adriana Rebaza Flores” AMISTAD PERÚ – JAPÓN a UPS-MR durante los años 2019 y 2020. Las variables fueron: logro en el equipamiento, infraestructura, documentos/herramientas de gestión y manuales y guías de práctica clínica, funciones, recursos humanos, procedimientos y logro total. Cada logro tenía como puntaje mínimo 0% y como puntaje máximo 100%. Además, se realizó un análisis secundario para comparar el logro de las UPSMR según nivel de categorización y región. Resultados: Catorce UPS-MR fueron incluidas en la investigación. Seis (42,9%) fueron de categoría III-1 y 6 (42,9%) eran de la región Lima. El mayor logro fue en las funciones (74,1%) y el menor logro en los recursos humanos y procedimientos (41,9% y 40,8%). Finalmente, el logro total tuvo una media de 58,3%±14,6%. Conclusiones: Las UPS-MR tienen el mayor logro en las funciones y los menores logros en recursos humanos y procedimientos. El logro total fue alrededor del 50%.
INTERPRETASI NURCHOLISH MADJID ATAS AYAT-AYAT AL-QUR’AN TENTANG PLURALISME AGAMA
Authors: Azmi Muhyidin
Published: April 2023

This research aims to reveal the concept of religious pluralism expressed by Nurcholish Madjid in his renewal ideas and Nurcholish Madjid's interpretation of the verses of the Qur’an about religious pluralism is like. This research is library research is research that makes books that discuss the themes studied as a source of data in research. The object to be studied in this research is Nurcholish Madjid. The results of this study indicate that religious pluralism in the idea of Nurcholish Madjid is a plurality of paths leading to one truth, namely the truth of God. This is based on his belief that the One Truth is only God, so only God cannot be more than one, while the path to God as the One Truth certainly varies, according to human ability to obtain and reason information from the procedures to God. Nurcholish Madjid, interprets religious pluralism from two contexts, namely, First, the Indonesian context and modernity. Second, the context of the meaning of the word al-Islām "an attitude of surrender to God" as a meeting point of semitic religions.
Disaggregated crude oil prices and stock market behaviour in Nigeria: Evidence from sectorial analysis
Authors: Ojeyinka Titus , Aliemhe Anthonia Emoshokemhe
Published: April 2023

Purpose ― This study differs from previous studies by examining the impact of oil price components, namely oil demand, global oil supply, and oil market-specific demand, on the stock returns of five sectors (Banking, Consumer goods, Industrial, Insurance, and Oil and Gas) listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange.
Design/Method/Approach ― The study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model on monthly data between January 2000 and December 2019.
Findings ― The paper finds evidence of a long-run relationship between sectoral market returns and oil price changes in Nigeria. Further evidence from the study reveals that oil-specific demand and global oil demand have positive and significant effects on the aggregate stock returns and the returns of the sampled sectors. On the other hand, the impact of the global oil supply is inconsequential on the aggregate stock returns and sectoral returns except for the Oil and Gas sector, where the effect of global oil production is positive and significant.
Implication ― The study concludes that stock market returns in Nigeria are sensitive and vulnerable to changes in demand-side components of oil price. The study also highlights important policy implications to enhance the performance of the Nigerian stock market.
Originality/Value ― The paper examines the impact of disaggregated oil prices on sectoral returns of the five listed sectors on the Nigerian Stock Exchange, which has not been explored in the literature.
The contribution of Islamic social finance to economic growth in Indonesia
Authors: Siswantoro Siswantoro , Ikhwan Ihsanul
Published: April 2023

Purpose – This study aims to identify the contribution of Islamic social finance (Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqah or ZIS) to economic growth in Indonesia, both in the long-term and short-term models. Based on previous studies, government expenditure; investment; and trade openness are also included in the model as control variables.Methodology – Annual time series data for 21 years from 2002 to 2022 were analyzed using the Error Correction Model (ECM) approach to determine the long-term and short-term effects of independent variables on economic growth.Findings – The main findings of this study confirm that Islamic social finance (ZIS) is a financial instrument that benefits the economy. ZIS can be an alternative fund for overcoming various problems of the Muslim Ummah and revitalizing the economy, even more so in a country with a majority Muslim population like Indonesia where ZIS instruments such as Zakat are obligatory to be issued to able-bodied Muslims. The study results show that the effect of ZIS on economic growth in Indonesia is felt in the long term, while in the short term, it has no significant impact.Implication – This research provides insight for related parties (especially National Board of Zakat/Badan Amil Zakat Nasional, BAZNAS) further to optimize the potential of ZIS into productive sectors to improve the economy.Originality – Most previous studies used panel data with a limited period to estimate the effect of Islamic social finance on economic growth, while this research utilized time series data with the ECM approach for a longer period.
Women as economic actors in the family: The importance of religion and community in Payungi’s women empowerment
Authors: Nugroho Dwi , Setyawan Dharma , Yunita Dewi Sri
Published: April 2023

Purpose – This study aims to examine the important role of religion and the contribution of the community to empower women in building women's capabilities as actors in the family economy.Methodology – This study uses a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach and collects data using observation, interviews, and documentation studies.Findings – This study shows that the contextualization of religious teachings, which are widely discussed in religious forums (Payungi Entrepreneurial Pesantren), and the contribution of the community in the actualization of ideas in women's empowerment can change the negative stigma of women and encourage women to become economic actors in the family through women's entrepreneurial activities.Implications – Religion and community can be optimized to encourage women to build capabilities and respond to various forms of inequality. Their existence in empowering women contributes to shaping the character of women entrepreneurs by prioritizing religious and collectivity values.Originality – This study completes the puzzle of previous research deficiencies by revealing phenomena in women's empowerment built from religious spirits and transformative movements produced by the community.
 Solving the Problems of Dark Energy and the Hubble Constant Using Corrected Hubble’s Law
Authors: Abdukadyrov Askar
Published: April 2023

In 1929, E. Hubble discovered a correlation between the distance of galaxies from Earth and the redshift in the spectra of the galaxies. This redshift astronomers interpreted it as evidence that galaxies are moving away from the Earth, and that the Universe is expanding. In 1998, researchers from two independent projects concluded that the universe is expanding with acceleration under the influence of "dark energy", the nature of which is completely incomprehensible. Another problem is related to the Hubble constant (H). To date there are two leading approaches to determining H. One of them is based on measurements of the cosmic microwave background, the other is based on measuring the redshift of distant galaxies and then determining the distances to them by luminosity of variables (Cepheids) and exploding (supernovae) stars. The problem is that these methods give different values of the Hubble constant: according to the first method H ≈ 67 (km/s)/Mpc, according to the other – H ≈ 73 (km/s)/Mpc. The difference is 7–8%. Accordingly, the calculated radii of the observable universe differ. The reason for this discrepancy is unclear and constitutes the essence of the so-called cosmological crisis. In the presented article, we show that the original Hubble formula needs to be corrected and give the corrected formula (corrected Hubble’s law), which is the key to solving these problems.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Demand and Demand Forecasting in a Furniture Wholesale Company
Authors: Al-Haidari Riadh , Al-Rawashdeh Shrouq , Zeidan Adam , Omambala Joshua , Nagarur Nagendra
Published: April 2023

Accurate demand forecasting plays a critical role in most furniture businesses’ operational, tactical, and strategic decisions, as the demand in the furniture business is considered seasonal and becomes more complex in crises. In this work, a neural network model using the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) method was developed to forecast the demand for specific product groups. LSTM is a leading deep learning model for time series prediction, particularly seasonal, multi-item, and non-linear situations. The developed model was used to predict the demand based on old data before the Covid-19 pandemic and recent data of the first months of the pandemic as a fast response to the crisis. In addition, a comparison study was conducted between the developed model and the traditional planning inventory used by furniture businesses that provided us with the data. The results showed that the Covid-19 pandemic significantly impacted demand forecasting. Also, the fast response to Covid-19 pandemic has slightly increased the model performance. Finally, the comparison study demonstrated that our model is robust and better than the traditional demand forecasting method. Therefore, the developed model may help the business improve inventory and production planning to create a more flexible supply chain.
Three-Dimensional Cranio-Facial Landmark Detection in Series of CT Slices, Using Multi-Phased Regression Networks
Authors: Nishimoto Soh , Saito Takuya , Ishise Hisako , Fujiwara Toshihiro , Kawai Kenichiro , Kakibuchi Masao
Published: April 2023

Geometrical assessments of human skull have been done based on the anatomical landmarks. Automatic detection of the landmarks, if developed, will be a great help not only medically, but also anthropologically. An automated system with multi-phased deep learning networks to predict three-dimensional coordinate values of cranio-facial landmarks, was developed. From a publicly available database, computed tomography images of craniofacial area were obtained. They were digitally reconstructed into three-dimensional models. Sixteen anatomical landmarks were plotted on each of the models and coordinate values of them were recorded. Three-phased regression deep learning networks were trained respectively with 90 training datasets. For evaluation, 30 testing datasets were employed. Three-dimensional error for the first phase, testing 30 data, was 11.60 pixels in average. (1 pixel = 500 / 512 mm) For the second phase, it was significantly improved to 4.66 pixels. For the third phase, it was significantly progressed to 2.88. This was comparable to the gaps between the landmarks, plotted by two experienced practitioners. Our proposing method of multi-phased prediction, coarse detection first and narrowing down the detection area, may be a possible solution, within the physical limitation of memory and computation.
Application of GIS and Remote Sensing to Identify Changes in Surface Water Bodies and Wetland Depletion in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana.
Authors: Amoako-Attah Benjamin , Kwasi Henyo Isaac , Amoako-Mensah Thomas
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to use remote sensing and GIS to detect changes in surface water and wetlands in the Kumasi Metropolis over a period of 20 years (2002-2022). Landsat images were processed using the QGIS software, and the Maximum Likelihood Algorithm was used to perform supervised classification of land use land cover, while raster calculator aided in detecting wetlands by calculation for NDWI, MNDWI, and AWEI. The results showed that the majority of the landscape in the Kumasi metropolis was made up of built-up areas (79.4%), followed by agricultural lands (13.3%) and wetlands (7.3%). Over the 20-year period, built-up areas had gained 20.7% of the total landscape, while agricultural lands and wetlands had lost 16.7% and 4.0%, respectively. All water index methods recorded an increase in non-water cover and a loss of water cover over the period, with surface water decreasing by 5% and non-water land cover increasing by 5%. The study concludes that there have been significant changes in wetlands and surface water land use and land cover within the Kumasi Metropolis over the past 20 years, and recommends the enforcement of legislation on surface water protection in the area to protect wetlands
The Strategy of Soybean Development on Dryland Agroecosystem in Gunungkidul Regency, D.I. Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Suswatiningsih Tri Endar , Anshori Arif
Published: April 2023

Soybean is a highly nutritious and strategic food. The harvested area and production of soybeans tend to decrease, not sufficient for national needs, which must be met through imports. Breakthroughs are needed to develop soybean, with specific strategies to adapt to particular conditions, including in Gunungkidul Regency. This study aimed to reveal the soybean development strategies in the dryland agroecosystem in Gunungkidul Regency. Survey and interview methods were used in this research, supported by secondary data analysis and data from the previous year's research. The correlation analysis was used to determine the decrease in harvested area. Other data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed a significant decline in soybean harvested area between 2009 to 2020. The soybean development strategy is area-based, from upstream to downstream, involving both main soybean products and by-products. Soybean planting was carried out in the first, second and third growing seasons, using site-specific soybean cultivation technology, providing seeds through the Jabalsim System supported by irrigation. Policies are needed within the organization's scope, rules, guidance and protection. The final results of this research are embodied in the form of an area-based soybean development diagram in Gunungkidul Regency, which can be used as a development reference.
Formation of Coconut Oil By–Product Protein Concentrate–Pectin Through Electrostatic Interaction to Improve Emulsifying Properties
Authors: Kurniawati Ajeng Dyah , Hidayat Chusnul , Setiowati Arima Diah
Published: April 2023

Coconut oil has been rising in popularity because of its health benefits. Coconut oil by-product or blondo is obtained during wet processing for virgin coconut oil production. It has a high protein content and can be utilized as an emulsifier in food products. This research aimed to examine the effect of pH, protein and pectin concentration on the stability and emulsification properties of heat-treated blondo protein concentrate-pectin complexes. The best conditions of pH, pectin and protein concentration for forming blondo protein concentrate-pectin complexes through electrostatic interaction were obtained by mixing blondo protein concentrate solution (0.5 to 1.5 wt%) with pectin (0.1 to 0.35 wt%) at different pH conditions (3 to 5). These particles were tested for emulsifying activity, stability and heat stability (85±2 °C; 15 minutes). Complexes formed using 0.5 wt% protein and 0.35 wt% pectin at pH 4 obtained from these experiments had the best zeta potential value and particle size, respectively -25.88 mV and 192.92 nm. Complexation between protein and pectin enhanced the emulsion activity index (EAI), emulsion stability index (ESI) and protection of self-aggregation protein during heating. Complexes that were formed remain stable across a range of pH values (pH 4 to 7). Thus, blondo protein concentrate-pectin complexes formed in this research through electrostatic interaction have better functional properties than the blondo protein concentrate before complexation. Emulsions created using blondo protein concentrate-pectin complexes through electrostatic interaction also had a higher value of emulsifying activity, stability and heat stability than emulsions with blondo protein concentrate alone.
Narrative Review: Herbal Nanocosmetics for Anti Aging
Authors: Garcella Prilyano , Wijaya Triyadi Hendra , Kurniawan Dhadhang Wahyu
Published: April 2023

Skin aging is a complex biological process caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. There are various approaches to preventing skin aging, one of which is using herbal nanocosmetics. This narrative review aims to determine the natural ingredients, type of nanoformulations, and its effects of herbal nanocosmetics to prevent skin aging. The method used in this study was searching for articles related to herbal nanocosmetics to avoid aging skin through Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct with the keywords herbal plants, anti-aging, herbal cosmetics, cosmetics, nanocosmetics, nanoformulations, nanoparticles, nanomaterials, and topical delivery. The inclusion criteria were research articles or review articles about herbal plants made into herbal nanocosmetics to prevent skin aging with the topical route of administration published between 2010-2021 in full text. The articles that have been obtained are then selected, reviewed, and analyzed. Herbal plants made into herbal nanocosmetics contain phenolic compounds for nanoformulations used, namely silver nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), nanoemulsions, liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes, and transfersomes. These nanocosmetics herbs affect skin aging, including UV protection, preventing wrinkles and dark spots, moisturizing and brightening the skin. The herbal nanocosmetics prevent the effects of skin aging through some mechanisms such as anti-oxidant, photoprotective agents, modulators of collagen or elastin synthesis, and inhibitors of melanin synthesis.
Kajian Literatur: Study Design Dalam Farmakoepidemiologi Untuk Mengetahui Resistensi Bakteri Terhadap Antibiotik
Authors: Meriyani Herleeyana , Sanjaya Dwi Arymbhi , Juanita Rr Asih , Siada Nyoman Budiartha
Published: April 2023

Penelitian terkait resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai study design. Study design merupakan salah satu titik kritis dalam penelitian resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran kelebihan dan kekurangan dari study design yang digunakan dalam penelitian farmakoepidemiologi tentang resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Pencarian literatur dilakukan secara elektronik untuk artikel yang dipublikasikan tahun 2011 hingga 30 Juni 2021 pada basis data EBSCO, Plos One, Proquest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar. Kriteria inklusi meliputi original article dengan desain cohort (prospective dan retrospective), case control, cross-sectional dan ecological study; memiliki Digital Object Identifier (DOI); dipublikasi 10 tahun terakhir; serta mengunakan Bahasa Inggris. Artikel dalam bentuk review, tidak merupakan full text, dan artikel dengan jumlah sampel penelitian yang tidak jelas tidak disertakan dalam kajian ini. Artikel yang terkumpul dari 6 database sejumlah 209 artikel (EBSCO 45 artikel, Plos One 42 artikel, ProQuest 32 artikel, PubMed 68 artikel, ScienceDirect 19 artikel dan Google Scholar 3 artikel). Duplikasi artikel dieksklusi (29 artikel). Artikel tidak memenuhi kriteria inklusi (86 artikel), 64 artikel tidak relavan dengan tujuan penelitian, sehingga diperoleh 30 artikel dalam studi ini. Rancangan penelitian pada penelitian ini yaitu case-control (2 artikel), cohort-prospective (14 artikel), cohort-retrospective (5 artikel), cross-sectional (8 artikel) dan ecological study (1 artikel). Masing-masing rancangan memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangannya masing-masing. Pemilihan desain studi dalam penelitian resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik dilakukan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian, jenis paparan yang diamati, jenis outcome serta tipe penelitian (comparative, correlative study) serta ketersediaan sumber daya dalam melakukan penelitian resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik.
Systematic Review: Skrining Aktivitas Anti Quorum sensing Tumbuhan Terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Nugraheni Estu Retnaningtyas , W Anindita Aulianisa , Pangastuti Artini
Published: April 2023

Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) yang ditunjukkan Pseudomonas aeruginosa salah satunya dilatar belakangi oleh faktor virulensi seperti Las A, Las B dan formasi biofilm. Proses produksi ini dikontrol oleh sistem komunikasi quorum sensing (QS), sehingga penghambatan QS berpotensi mencegah resistansi lebih lanjut. Fitokomponen telah dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas anti QS, tetapi belum terdapat review yang merangkum laporan tersebut secara sistematis dan komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menyediakan rujukan berkualitas tentang aktivitas anti QS tumbuhan terhadap P. aeruginosa yang memenuhi parameter tertentu dalam bentuk Systematic Review. Systematic Review ini mengikuti permodelan PRISMA, analisis data menggunakan meta-sintesis-meta-agregasi, dan pencarian paper di 3 database (Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Scopus) menggunakan kata kunci Pseudomonas aeruginosa AND Quorum sensing AND Plants. Paper berjumlah 26 paper lolos saring yang memuat informasi terkait 18 famili (25 genus dan 28 spesies), 11 jenis organ tumbuhan, 3 jenis metode purifikasi, 4 jenis aktivitas anti QS dan 21 jenis fitokomponen yang dilaporkan menunjukkan aktivitas anti QS terhadap bakteri C. violaceum dan P. aeruginosa. Data yang tersedia dari 26 paper menunjukkan 9 laporan menyajikan data aktivitas anti QS relatif tinggi. Laporan tersebut terbagi menjadi 3 tingkat metode purifikasi yaitu isolat petroleum eter-etil asetat yang menghasilkan fitokomponen golongan phytosterol, fraksi etil asetat yang menghasilkan fitokomponen golongan flavonoid, dan ekstrak dengan pelarut metanol yang menghasilkan fitokomponen golongan terpenoid dan turunannya.
Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetes Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ganitri (Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.) Pada Tikus Wistar Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin
Authors: Kinanti Ayu Pratama , Lestari Apriani , Nabilah Zukhrufina Muthiah , Maulida Rizqina , Widiastuti Tri Cahyani , Kiromah Naelaz Zukhruf Wakhidatul
Published: April 2023

Diabetes melitus merupakan gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat, lemak dan protein yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah tubuh atau hiperglikemia. Pemberian obat antidiabetes oral merupakan salah satu terapi farmakologi penyakit diabetes, namun penggunaan obat antidiabetes jangka panjang dapat menimbulkan efek samping dan membutuhkan biaya yang cukup mahal. Tanaman ganitri (Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.) merupakan salah satu bahan alam yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif pengobatan diabetes melitus dengan efek samping minimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas dan dosis efektif ekstrak etanol daun ganitri sebagai antidiabetes pada tikus yang diinduksi streptozotocin. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental laboratorium menggunakan tanaman ekstrak etanol daun ganitri dengan subjek penelitian tikus putih jantan galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus). Hewan uji dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kontrol negatif (Na-CMC 0,5%), kontrol positif (Amaryl 0,036 mg/kgBB), kelompok ekstrak etanol daun ganitri dosis 50, 100 dan 200 mg/kgBB. Penelitian ini menggunakan model tikus diabetes yang diinduksi streptozotocin 40 mg/kgBB secara intra peritoneal. Perlakuan diberikan secara peroral selama 21 hari dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar gula darah tiap 7 hari menggunakan alat glukometer. Hasil pengukuran kadar glukosa darah dihitung % penurunan dan dianalisis menggunakan program statistik SPSS 16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol daun ganitri dosis 200 mg/kgBB secara signifikan mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus diabetes dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol positif dengan nilai Sig. 0,017 (r < 0,05). Ekstrak etanol daun ganitri secara signifikan memiliki efek antidiabetes terhadap tikus diabetes yang diinduksi streptozotocin dengan dosis efektif 200 mg/kgBB (r < 0,05).
A marketing strategy to increase product sales of batik at micro and small enterprises
Authors:   Islam Batik University, Maryam Siti , Lastriyani Indri ,   Institute of Teacher Training and Education PGRI, Purbasari Heppy ,   Muhammadiyah Surakarta University, Listyorini Haniek ,   College of Indonesian Tourism Economics, Soerjati Enni ,   Padjadjaran University Indonesian
Published: April 2023

This article aims to identify the practice of Gotong Royong (mutual corporation culture; mutual help) marketing on batik products in Kampung Batik Laweyan. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method. The qualitative process is carried out with an exploratory study design. Data was collected by interviewing and observing batik entrepreneurs in Kampung Batik Laweyan (batik village of Solo, Central Java, Indonesia) to increase sales of batik products. Hypothesis testing uses a quantitative approach. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 25 batik entrepreneurs in Kampung Batik Laweyan. This study found that batik entrepreneurs promoting Gotong Royong marketing carried out by good Laweyan Batik Village entrepreneurs were: building joint outlets, using the Laweyan Batik Village Website, conducting collective exhibitions, and collaborating between Batik Clusters in the city of Solo. The results show that the Gotong Royong marketing strategy can increase the profit of the batik business in Batik Laweyan village. The marketing strategy of cooperation to develop products in the Micro and Small Enterprise (MSEs) cluster is essential. The study results are expected to provide an overview and insight into knowledge about the culture of local wisdom in making business decisions. The Gotong Royong marketing strategy that is carried out can reduce the conventional marketing methods carried out individually by batik entrepreneurs.
Usage of reading comprehension to enhance word problem solving skills in mathematics
Authors: Supontawanit Preyanan , Lertlit Supinda
Published: April 2023

Thailand’s national tests, O-NET, are administered at the 3rd, 6th, and 9th grade levels. Mathematics is one of the tests. Achievement levels in Mathematics are consistently low. Several studies have shown that there is a link between Mathematics achievement and reading comprehension proficiency. Because previous studies were carried out in other jurisdictions, this study aims to correct this situation.  Random sampling was used to select the population from a field of 66 grade six students who were enrolled in a special English programme in a private school, Bangkok. 21 students met the sampling criteria. They sat for a pretest and a posttest test in reading comprehension and in word problem-solving skills in mathematics. Treatment was carried out over a period of 8 weeks. Results showed a high positive correlation between reading comprehension skills and achievement in word problem-solving skills in Mathematics. The results can serve as an encouragement to teachers and their supervisors to focus more directly on improving the reading comprehension skills of students as a means to increasing students’ scores on mathematical word-solving tests.  

HIGHLIGHTS:

This study provided the results that these two-skill were positively related and the improvement on reading comprehension skill could induce the development in word problem-solving skills because they both were affected by working memory as an essential key factor.

Providing stress-free reading environments and activities could be an interesting option to improve student’s word problem-solving skills in Mathematics.
Classical morphology and DNA barcoding based identification of freshwater ectoparasite, Argulus foliaceus in rohu Labeo rohita
Authors: Snatashree Mohanty  , Mausumee Mohanty  , Sarma Kamal , Tarkeshwar Kumar  , Amitav Dey  , Paramananda Das  , Sanjeeb Kumar Sahoo
Published: April 2023

DNA barcoding coupled with classical morphological description have become promising approach for the species levelidentification. In the present study, 278 numbers of rohu Labeo rohita were screened, for Argulus infestation, amongwhich 167 fish (60.07%) were found infested with Argulus. Morphological attributes of the parasites were studied by lightmicroscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) which showed dorsoventrally flattened body comprising ofhead, thorax, abdomen, a pair of large compound eyes, suctorial organs with sclerotised support structures and two openingsof spermatheca at posterior end. Posterior incision of abdomen do not reach the mid-line and the cephalo-thoracic carapacehave not extended beyond the beginning of abdomen. Further validation was done using molecular tools for accurateparasite identification. The pair-wise genetic distance value, using Kimura-2 parameter showed a species level variationof 0.001 (1%) with that of A. foliaceus, while 0.083 and 0.052 (i.e. more than 2%) with that of A. indicus and A. japonicusrespectively. Phylogenetic tree generated using Neighbour-Joining (NJ) and Maximum-Likelihood (ML) methods, withKimura-2 parameter were also in agreement with pairwise distance values. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit1 (COI) sequences of A. foliaceus formed one cluster with the present studied samples, whereas sequences of A. japonicusformed a sister group. Integrating morphological and rapid DNA barcoding tools, the species was delineated as A. foliaceus.
Keywords: Argulus foliaceus, COI gene, DNA barcoding, Labeo rohita, Morphology