bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Composite Composition on Mechanical Properties of Banana Fiber Composites with Epoxy Matrix for Functional Materials
Authors: Fakhrudi Yoga Ahdiat , Faidzin Kholis Nur , Bisono Rahayu Mekar
Published: November 2022

Technological developments and the influence of globalization have an impact on increasing the need for the amount of material for industry. The many disadvantages of metal materials due to their large mass, difficult manufacturing processes, corrosive properties, and high production costs have resulted in reduced use of metal materials in various products. Nowadays, there are many replacement materials with mechanical properties that can resemble metal materials such as composites. The role of composites is very important in the development of today's industrial world. This study wanted to determine the effect of the composite composition of rias banana fiber and teak sawdust with epoxy resin on the mechanical properties of the composite. The results showed that the comparison of the composition of the composite using rias banana fiber and teak sawdust with an epoxy matrix had an effect on the mechanical properties. Increasing the percentage of resin composition increases the value of the surface hardness of the composite. The highest level of Rockwell hardness with a value of 117 HRB in sample D and the lowest 109 HRB in sample A. While the highest max strength value was produced by sample C with a composition of teak sawdust: rias banana fiber: epoxy is 20% : 40% : 40 %. The conclusion of this research is the more resin composition will increase the composite hardness test value.
Spectrum of Quaziperiodic Variations in Paleomagnetic Activity in the Phanerozoic
Authors: Kurazhkovskii A.Yu. , Kurazhkovskaya N.A. , Klain B.I.
Published: November 2022

—Detection of common quasiperiodicities in the paleointensity behavior and lengths of polarity intervals of the Earth’s magnetic field was carried out. The paleointensity data were analyzed in the 170 Ma–present day interval. Behavior of the lengths of geomagnetic polarity intervals was investigated within the interval spanning the entire Phanerozoic (540 Ma–present age). It was found that the spectrum of the main paleointensity variations and polarity interval lengths is discrete and includes quasiperiodic variations with characteristic times of 15, 8, 5, and 3 Ma. The characteristic times of these quasiperiodic variations in the geomagnetic field at the beginning and end of the Phanerozoic differed not more than 10%. The spectral density of quasiperiodic changes in the geomagnetic field changed cyclically over geological time. The connection between the behavior of the amplitudes of paleointensity variations, the lengths of geomagnetic polarity intervals, and their spectral density is shown. The spectral density of quasiperiodic paleointensity variations (geomagnetic activity) was relatively high in the 150–40 Ma interval (Cretaceous–early Paleogene). At this time, the amplitudes of paleointensity variations and the lengths of geomagnetic polarity intervals increased. Within the intervals spanning 170–150 Ma and 30 Ma–present age, the quasiperiodic variations of paleointensity were barely expressed against its background noise variations, while the amplitudes of paleointensity variations and the lengths of polarity intervals were decreasing. Alternations of the time intervals in which paleointensity variations acquired either a quasiperiodic or noise character took place during the evolution of the geomagnetic field.
Desarrollo e implementación de la aplicación móvil SDA Instant Messaging para mejorar el proceso de comunicación con los padres de familia en la Institución Educativa Privada Santo Domingo El Apóstol, 2021
Authors:   , Galindo Vidal Camilo
Published: November 2022

La Institución Educativa Privada Santo Domingo el Apóstol ha utilizado tradicionalmente el cuaderno de control para informar a los padres de familia acerca de las incidencias ocurridas con sus hijos durante las clases. Esto cambió debido a las clases virtuales, por lo cual se tuvo que buscar un medio de comunicación diferente. El colegio decidió llamar a cada familia cuando ocurriera una incidencia, lo cual exigía mucho tiempo del personal encargado de las llamadas. Este problema se enfrentó con la hipótesis siguiente: el desarrollo e implementación de la aplicación SDA Instant Messaging permite mejorar el proceso de comunicación con los padres de familia. En efecto, el envío de mensajes a los padres mediante notificaciones push permitió informar en tiempo real a los padres; además, la automatización de mensajes permitió agilizar el proceso de supervisión. La investigación estuvo enmarcada en el tipo de investigación aplicada, de diseño cuantitativo. Se empleó como técnica la encuesta y como instrumento un cuestionario dirigido a los padres de familia tanto antes de la implementación como después de ella. Los resultados corroboran la hipótesis, puesto que el 83.4% de padres consideran un nivel alto en la mejora del proceso de comunicación, el 77.8% consideran un nivel alto en la mejora del seguimiento académico, el 76.8% consideran un nivel alto en la mejora de la recepción de notificaciones, mientras que el 48.2% consideran un nivel alto en la rentabilidad en procesos de supervisión.
Evaluación de máximas tensiones de primeras molares inferiores restauradas con Endocrowns de diferente material sometidas a fuerzas: un análisis de elementos finitos
Authors:   , Velasquez Guevara Maria Fernanda
Published: November 2022

Rehabilitar una pieza con endodoncia es considerado un reto para el clínico, por lo cual existen múltiples opciones de tratamiento como el uso de Endocrowns, y a su vez también existen diversos materiales para poder confeccionarlas. Igualmente, conocer las fuerzas a emplear es de suma relevancia para discernir qué tratamiento ofrecer ante distintos escenarios. El propósito del presente estudio fue comparar las máximas tensiones de primeras molares inferiores con tratamiento de conductos restaurados con endocrown a base de dos materiales al haber sido sometidos a dos intensidades de fuerza masticatoria diferentes mediante el Análisis de Elementos Finitos. Se realizó un estudio de tipo experimental de diseño virtual en el cual se crearon cuatro modelos de primeras molares inferiores con tratamiento de conductos los cuales recibieron una Endocrown y una fuerza predeterminada; dos de ellas fueron primeras molares inferiores rehabilitadas con Endocrown de Cerámica Dental Hibrida sometidas a fuerzas de 580 N y 1000 N; y las dos restantes fueron primeras molares inferiores rehabilitadas con Endocrown de Zirconia sometidas a fuerzas de 580 N y 1000 N. Se encontró mucho mayor nivel de estrés en la pieza dentaria rehabilitada con Cerámica Dental Híbrida frente a los dos tipos de fuerza. Dentro de las limitaciones del presente estudio, se concluye que la primera molar con tratamiento de conductos rehabilitada con Endocrown de Zirconia tuvo mejor resistencia a las tensiones en todos sus elementos (tanto en la estructura dentaria como en la restauración) al haber sido sometida a fuerzas de 580 N y 1000 N.
Waste management system of an industrial enterprise as an element of the ecological standard of the coal mining region
Authors:   Kuzbass State Technical University after T. F. Gorbachev, MIKHAILOV Vladimir , KHORESHOK Aleksei ,   Kuzbass State Technical University after T. F. Gorbachev, KOSHELEV Aleksey ,   Kuzbass State Technical University after T. F. Gorbachev
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The most important modern trend is the development of a «green» economy, especially in terms of efficient management of production and consumption waste. The infrastructural component of such a process is the development and adoption of a regional environmental standard that defines the model for the operation of enterprises that use natural resources and authorities in conditions of increased man-made load on the environment. This problem is extremely urgent for the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass because of the decisive role of coal mining and coal processing in the successful functioning of the region. Purpose of the work. To develop a waste management system for an industrial enterprise, as an element of the environmental standard of a coal-mining region. Research methods. The theoretical part of research includes the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature on the innovative organizational and technological solutions aimed at the efficiency of production and consumption waste management. The practical part of work was built on statistical processing of the official ecological data of the enterprise on production and consumption waste. Research results. A waste management system for an industrial enterprise is developed, which can be effectively integrated into the environmental standard of a coal-mining region to ensure its sustainable development. Conclusions. The developed waste management system, as an element of the environmental standard of a coalmining region, can be used by environmental authorities to determine the vector of development of a particular territory in the region in the field of waste management. The use of this algorithm by the enterprise will reduce the complexity of choosing the optimal environmentally friendly managerial solution aimed at reducing the anthropogenic load and increasing its economic performance.
Analysis and comprehensive evaluation of gas-dynamic processes in coal mines using the methods of the theory of probability and math statistics analysis
Authors:   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), BOSIKOV Igor , KLYUEV Roman ,   Moscow Polytechnic University, KHETAGUROV Valery ,   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University)
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The article discusses the technical distribution system of gas-dynamic and aero-dynamic processes in coal mines, characterized by: the uniqueness of modes, linearity, dynamism, variability of parameters and variable operating conditions. An analysis and a comprehensive assessment of gas-dynamic and aero-dynamic processes in coal mines is being carried out. Research tasks: to develop a methodology for the analysis and comprehensive assessment of gas-dynamic and aerodynamic processes in coal mines using the methods of mathematical statistics and probability theory. Research objectives. Conduct an analysis of gas-dynamic and aero-dynamic processes in coal mines. Results of the research. The dynamic properties of ventilation objects in normal operation can be described by integrodifferential equations. Analysis and evaluation of experimental data on the distribution of gas-dynamic and aerodynamic processes confirmed that the technical air supply system for coal mines is a dynamic link with an inverted effect. The developed methodology for the analysis and comprehensive assessment of gas-dynamic and aerodynamic processes in coal mines using the methods of mathematical statistics and probability theory made it possible to obtain a generalized expression for the transfer functions of ventilation objects, taking into account the delay, and to describe the dynamic properties of mining sites under various ventilation modes. It has been experimentally established that the linearized dynamic characteristics of mining sites in the ventilation mode, when the transient gas-dynamic process has the form of a «burst» of methane concentration, can be described by integro-differential equations.
The Study into the Optimal Placement of Horizontal MSHF Wells Relative to the Regional Stress in a West Siberian Field Using the Dynamic Marker-Based Production Profile Surveillance Technology
Authors: Shestakov Dmitry , Badrtdinov Ilshat , Galiev Marat , Malyavko Evgeny , Gorbokonenko Oksana , Titovsky Nikita , Bydzan Andrei , Bolshakov Viacheslav
Published: November 2022

In the context of hard-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves, the role of timely and high-quality decision-making at the initial stage of project implementation is becoming even more crucial. Along with numerous variable parameters used in the development system design tasks, such as the producer/injector ratio, well spacing, well types, completion method, etc., one of the key factors is the selection of a placement pattern for horizontal wellbores of production wells relative to the regional stress.

Given the low-permeability reservoirs at the West Siberian fields, hydraulic fracturing (HF) is virtually the only method to manage the reservoirs in an efficient and economic manner. In this region, horizontal wells fitted with frac sleeves are drilled on a permanent basis, while an urgent task that affects the formation of an efficient drainage zone is to substantiate the location of the wellbore and of man-induced fractures that appear during multi-stage hydraulic fracturing (MSHF) relative to the maximum stresses.

In this paper, a study into the optimal placement of horizontal MSHF wells was made to ensure stable oil reserves recovery and increase the reservoir sweep efficiency in one of the areas of a large oil field. The key objective in this work was to determine the long-term reserves recovery efficiency in the wells with different orientations of their horizontal boreholes. In order to assess the inflow profile and composition in the horizontal wells, the dynamic marker-based production profile surveillance technology, which is one of the advanced industry standards in production logging, was applied [1].
Modeling and Simulation of Non-Darcy or Turbulent Flow for Oil Wells
Authors: Li Dachang , Ionescu Corneliu-Liviu , Ehighebolo Ivbade Thaddeus , Haynes Jr. Byron , Zhazbayeva Ainur , Yergaliyeva Bakyt , Francia Luigi
Published: November 2022

Modeling and simulation of non-Darcy or turbulent flow are well documented in the literature and available in commercial reservoir simulators (E300, Intersect) only for gas wells rather than oil wells. There is a need to model non-Darcy or turbulent flow in reservoir simulation for oil wells in the carbonate reservoirs with highly connected and densely distributed fractures and karst. This paper proposes a new non-Darcy or turbulent flow modeling and simulation method for oil wells. Unlike the industry's existing methods for non-Darcy or turbulent flow that focus on the non-Darcy coefficient only, this paper presents a new method that models the ratio between non-Darcy and Darcy flows such that a unified model for a field or a region can be created, which significantly simplifies the non-Darcy or turbulent flow modeling process for multiple wells, especially for future wells. The ratio-based method is simple and comprehensive. It can be easily calibrated with MRT (multiple-rate test) data and implemented into in-house or commercial reservoir simulators using a simulator supported scripting language, e.g., Python etc. Kashagan is the world's largest oil reservoir discovered in the last 30 years that contains highly connected and densely distributed fractures and karst in its rim. The oil production rate for a well in the rim can be higher than several tens KSTB/D if it is not constrained by the facility. The current MRT data in all tested wells clearly show non-Darcy flow phenomenon and confirm that modeling non-Darcy flow is necessary to the field. Kashagan had experienced difficulties to match BHP (bottom hole pressure) and large errors in the blind test due to the OPEC's production curtailment and high-rate tests. Build-up pressure curves were miss-matched and HM (history match) of the crossflows (10 KSTB/D with less than 10 psi) in the bottomhole of a PLT (production logging tool) well during shut-in was challenging. Since modeling non-Darcy flow for oil wells in the commercial simulators, e.g., E300 and Intersect, is unavailable, the simulation team in NCOC has created a new method for the needs of non-Darcy modeling and simulation. The applications of the new method have resulted in the excellent results and solved the issues of history matching BHP, high/low-rate tests, build-up pressure trends, and bottomhole crossflows.
Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Plant Process Upsets During Well Cleanup
Authors: Toleubay Bagdat , Orazov Baurzhan , Sadyrbakiyev Renat , Neubauer Edward
Published: November 2022

Tengizchevroil (TCO) has several stages of put-on production (POP) process to bring the new wells online. New wells need to be cleaned up before being fully brought online and directly routed to the plants. However, reservoir conditions in Tengiz require drilling and completion methods that often results in losing significant amounts of drilling and completion fluids which comprises of barite, cuttings, and emulsions. The presence of such drilling and completion materials may and does cause plant upsets which consequently leads to significant LPO (Lost Production Opportunity).

To minimize plant performance upsets and equipment problems during a controlled well ramp-up of new, reworked, and stimulated wells (or, in short: plant flowback), a prospect of data analytics application arose intending to study the leading hitters that affect the processing at the plant during flowbacks and subsequently optimize the well flowback process.

By applying machine learning and statistical methodologies, a machine was given the ability to perform prognosis on plant upsets and duration of the plant flowback. The approach is broken into three main stages. Stage 1: create a consolidated history of plant flowbacks. Stage 2: determine variables that have the highest impact on plant performance (this stage would reduce the complexity of the model by removing irrelevant variables and subsequently increase the accuracy of the machine learning model). Stage 3: build an algorithm that predicts plant upsets from the variables extracted in Stage 2 (provides a data-driven method for evaluating risks associated with plant flowback).

A supervised classification model was built on historic data from 2011 that evaluated plant performance risks associated with the well flowback process. Given the risk probabilities, we could predict how long it would take to complete plant flowbacks on a subset that the model had not seen before. Additionally, it was shown that given the evaluated risk for the subset the model has not seen, a sequence in which these wells were put online could have been optimized to maximize production.

The feasibility of machine learning capabilities was tested on the historic plant flowback data. The study results have confirmed the intuition of the subject matter experts but in a robust and data-driven way. The model and the approach show data analytics methodologies’ applicability to optimize production operations further.
World's First Application of Steel Body Bit in High Chloride Formation with Water Based Mud
Authors: Uandykov Bekbolat , Kurmanbayev Yerkin , Tagirov Anzor , Muratov Teymur
Published: November 2022

Operator in North Western Kazakhstan, onshore Karatobe Yuzhnyj field was engaged in a task of reducing the well construction time in particular the challenging 12 ¼ in. section. The main complexity of drilling the 12 ¼ in. section is the presence of corrosive salt deposits traditionally drilled with matrix bodydrill bits aggravated by drilling with water-based mud (WBM) system. While matrix body drill bit is the primary choice in salt saturated drilling fluid and corrosive environment, consequences of this choice have a significant impact on the bit's poor rate of penetration (ROP) response.

The long 12 ¼ in. section is usually drilled in 3-4 bit runs with relatively low ROP and poor bit performance primarily occurs due to bit balling in shale section and Weight On Bit (WOB) limitations in interbedded carbonate section.

During the planning stage for the drilling campaign the Operator engaged with Zhigermunaiservice LLP drill bit engineering group to develop a fit-for-purpose solution for ROP optimization. New 12 ¼ in. ZS56 steel body drill bit with unique hardfacing design, improved hydraulics and shaped PDC cutters was developed and delivered on time for the drilling campaign. During the very first run the newly designed steel body bit demonstrated an outstanding performance in drilling highly corrosive salt deposits and other lithological sequences thus delivering the section from shoe to TD at record ROP. This bit was re-used to drill four consequent wells with similar performance.
Using Hybrid Digital Models to Analyse Well Interference and Optimise Field Development Management
Authors: Husein Nadir , Drobot Albina , Vasechkin Dmitry , Urvantsev Sergey , Bydzan Andrei , Bolshakov Viacheslav
Published: November 2022

Effective development of oil fields is impossible without reliable information on the degree of well interference.

The interference between production and injection wells is evaluated using indicators that are commonly known as the interference coefficients or connectivity coefficients. There is a number of statistical, analytical, and predictive methods for hydrodynamic connectivity (interference) assessment.

This paper focuses on a new approach designed to overcome the challenges associated with the rational development of reserves and well interference assessment with building an improved hybrid material balance model.

The purpose of the research was to evaluate various scenarios for well interference assessment, as well as to identify hydrodynamic communication between injection wells and specific producing wells for prompt decision-making to optimise the development system. The paper discusses the results of studies conducted on one field of Western Siberia, having a complex geological structure and highly heterogeneous.

Well interference coefficients were obtained as the result of the studies, which helped understand what average proportion of water injected from a particular injection well effectively impacts the producing wells in question located in the immediate vicinity. The digital hybrid model was used to identify the injection wells that are hydrodynamically connected with producing wells, estimate the degree of their impact on the production performance of the latter, as well as monitor the dynamics of such influence for each well. Based on the analysis performed, some recommendations were elaborated for improving the oil recovery factor in the oil fields and reducing development costs.
Corporate Qualification and Motivation Program for Petroleum Asset Management
Authors: Ganiev Bulat , Lutfullin Azat , Glazkov Andrey , Kalinnikov Vladimir , Aslanyan Artur , Mustafina Alfiya , Gulyaev Danila , Farakhova Rushana
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this paper is to share the Tatneft experience in digital training of the corporate petroleum asset field development teams. It was designed as an integrated program of reservoir development to provide practice of employing best practices of reservoir management over the years [5].

It is worth noting that over the past few years, many professional teams competed in various PetroCup Tournaments, and each team ranging around 10 members. These teams comprised multidisciplinary oil and gas engineers from various organizations across the world.

During each PetroCup session, teams are given a challenge to tackle various problems that exist in petroleum digital asset. PetroCup features a unique regional economy and simulates realistic conditions for field development. Even though each team is unique, statistics show that there is a pattern as to which field development techniques are effective and which are not. Asset managers will find this training facility very useful in evaluating the effectiveness of corporate Well & Reservoir Management and Field Development strategies and improving their efficiency.

On the next pages you will find previous session statistics which Tatneft teams achieve over the years, it will be used to determine the overall skill level of each team member and understand how their active engagement in PetroCup Tournaments affected their field development skills.
External validation of a prognostic model for 1-year survival after fragility hip fracture: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fu Hairui , Li Feixiong , Wei Fangfang , Qu Weihan , Wu Dou , Liang Bin , Zhang Xuan , Liu Qiang
Published: November 2022

Background
To scientifically manage fragility hip fracture patients, we have developed a survival prediction model for predicting 1-year survival after fragility hip fracture (SFHF). This study aims to validate the model.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in the orthopaedics department at a regional medical centre in central China. Fragility hip fracture patients who were consecutively admitted to the orthopaedics department from January 2016 to October 31, 2021. We evaluated the performance of an SFHF model (including the full model and the simplified model) from the following three aspects: (1) Discrimination. We presented the concordance (c) index of the model, including Harrell's c-index and Uno's c-value. Overall performance was measured using Nagelkerke R2 values. (2) Calibration. The calibration plot method was used to evaluate the calibration of the model. (3) Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to judge whether the model had clinical value in the validation population.
Results
A total of 877 (≥ 50 years) (out of 1132) eligible fragility hip fracture patients were included in this study. Among them, 47 patients were lost to follow-up. Among the patients who were successfully followed up, 87 died within 1 year of the fracture. After applying simple imputation to deal with missing values, the final effective sample size was 93 cases. The 1-year mortality rate after fracture was 10.6%. The Harrell’s c-index values of the full and simple SFHF models were 0.764 (standard error, 0.024) and 0.763 (0.024), respectively. Uno’s c-values were 0.765 (0.024) and 0.763 (0.024), respectively. The Nagelkerke R2 values were 0.144 and 0.144, respectively. The calibration plot showed that the model had good calibration between predicted and actual values. DCA showed that the model was clinically useful within a threshold range of risk of death of 0.03–0.38.
Conclusion
Our study preliminarily confirmed that the SFHF model has good accuracy and generalizability in predicting the one-year survival rate of fragility hip fracture patients, and that it has good clinical value. This predictive model may be considered for local clinical practice.
An investigation of the longitudinal association of ownership of mobile phone and having internet access with intimate partner violence among young married women from India
Authors: Thakkar Shriya , Muhammad T. , Maurya Chanda
Published: November 2022

Purpose
We explored the prevalence of intimate partner violence (physical, sexual and emotional) and its longitudinal associations with the ownership mobile phone and internet access among married women within the context of India.
Methods
We used data from longitudinal survey “Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults” survey (2015-16 and 2018-19). Descriptive and random effect regression analysis was used find out the respective results.
Results
The findings show that ownership of mobile phones and internet access rose from 36.2% and 3.7% in wave-1 to 54.3% and 27% in wave-2 respectively. However, despite increased ownership of technology, victimization as all forms of violence increases over time. It was found that women who owned mobile phones were significantly inversely related to the physical [Coef: -0.041; p < .001] and sexual [Coef: -0.024; p < .001] violence, compared to those who had no mobile phones. Women who had internet access were negatively associated with physical [Coef: -0.024; p < .001], emotional [Coef: -0.024; p < .001], and any form of violence [Coef: -0.024; p < .001] than their counter-parts.
Conclusion
The study findings underlined that internet and mobile phone services have been consequential in enhancing immediate safety and security in women’s lives. The results are important to practitioners, as they indicate that digital literacy among women should be promoted with immediate effect through the dissemination of workshops as well as strengthening access to mobile phones and internet. This, in turn, would be a huge boost towards women’s economic and social empowerment, particularly within the contemporary Indian context.
Enhancing the Protection of Influenza Virus Vaccines with BECC TLR4 Adjuvant in Aged Mice
Authors: Frieman Matthew , Haupt Robert , Baracco Lauren , Harberts Erin , Loganathan Madhumathi , Kerstetter Lucas , Krammer Florian , Coughlan Lynda , Ernst Robert
Published: November 2022

Influenza A virus (IAV) is a leading cause of respiratory disease worldwide often resulting in severe morbidity and mortality. We have previously shown that the Bacterial Enzymatic Combinatorial Chemistry (BECC) adjuvants, BECC438 and BECC470, formulated with an influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein vaccine, offer greater protection from influenza virus challenge in mouse respiratory models using adult mice than standard HA:adjuvant combinations. In this study, we determined that immunization with HA + BECC adjuvants also significantly broadened the epitopes targeted on HA as compared with other adjuvants, resulting in increased titers of antibodies directed against the highly conserved HA stalk domain. Importantly, we demonstrate that BECC470 combined with an influenza virus HA protein antigen in a prime-only immunization regimen was able to achieve complete protection from challenge in a ~ 12-month-old mouse aged model. Together, this demonstrates the heightened protection provided by the BECC470 adjuvant in an influenza virus vaccine model and shows the enhanced immune response, as compared to other adjuvants elicited by the formulation of HA with BECC470.
Hydrogeochemical characterization and quality assessment of groundwater based on water quality index in urban area in SE Nigeria.
Authors: OSISANYA WASIU , Agho Funmilola Ife-Olu , Saleh Saleh Alhaji , Etinosa Thompson
Published: November 2022

Water Quality Index (WQI), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Correlation matrix, Metal Pollution Index (MPI), Contamination Factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Health Risk Assessment, and Hydrogeochemical facies were used to analyze statistical indexes and hydrogeochemical facies in groundwater resources within the study area. All across the study area, twenty (20) groundwater samples were collected in a systematic manner. The samples were examined in accordance with the American Public Health Association standard (APHA) method. Findings from the study revealed that WQI, is of poor quality and should only be used for irrigation. Weathering and redox reactions are important in groundwater geochemistry, according to PCA results. TDS and Cl, HCO3 and Zn, Cl; Mg and Ca, Ca and Na were all found to have a positive correlation in the correlation matrix while PH and K, HCO3 and Fe, Cl and SO4 are found to have a negative correlation in the correlation matrix. The findings show that the items have a weak correlation and that there is no relationship between the two variables. Further MPI, CF, and PLI findings revealed that groundwater is pure, the main source of pollution is geological and anthropogenic processes, and there is no pollution in sampled groundwater. Hydrogeochemical trend revealed that groundwater is Na++K+ > HCO3¯+CO3 > Mg + > SO4 > Cl¯ > Ca+. Based on the finding, pre-use treatment of water resources is strongly advised.
The government of masks in sentinel territories against Covid-19: Dakar and Seine-Saint-Denis
Authors: Keck Frederic , Macia Enguerran
Published: November 2022

The pandemic of Covid-19 has led to reluctance or resistance to wear a mask in countries that made it compulsory. The acceptance to wear a mask against respiratory diseases depends on conceptions of scientific authority and of the personality in the public space. It has material and symbolic dimensions that can be covered under the term “government of masks”. We have questioned populations on these two aspects in territories we call sentinel because they are more exposed than others to emerging infectious diseases: Dakar (Senegal) and Seine-Saint-Denis (France). Our results show that the perception of the state is different in these territories and determines the uses of masks against Covid-19. While in Seine-Saint-Denis, the state provides more masks than in Dakar, the trust in the efficacy of mask wearing is lower. From a symbolic point of view, the mask is for many people an intrusion of the state into the private sphere, which hinders physical contact between family members. On the contrary, from the material point of view, the mask is a need that manifests the presence of the welfare state to watch over the health of the population. A state that is both more coercive and more protective produces a lower level of adherence to mask-wearing recommendations than a state where prescribing authorities, particularly religious, are more diverse, and where individuals must obtain masks themselves.
A study of the Effectiveness of Central Bank Intervention in BRICS countries
Authors: B Anjaly
Published: November 2022

This paper examined the Effectiveness of the intervention of the central bank and macroeconomic indicators with the exchange rates among BRICS countries. We found that foreign exchange intervention in Russia, India and China can reduce exchange rate volatility; thereby, they may be presumed effective in reducing the exchange rate volatility. Interestingly, the intervention by the central bank of Brazil was found to be insignificant, while the intervention from South Africa's central bank was found to increase exchange rate volatility. Based on these results, we conclude that the intervention of the central banks in Brazil and South Africa is ineffective in controlling volatility. The empirical results show an asymmetry in central bank intervention and the presence of Purchasing Power Parity theory in BRICS nations. More than that, the study found that the central bank fears appreciation rather than depreciation.
JEL Code: E58, F31.
Correlation between H-type hypertension and intracranial arterial dolichoectasia in hypertensive patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Xunfen , Zhang Qiaoyang , Zhang Min , Yun Wenwei
Published: November 2022

Background
H-type hypertension was diagnosed with a combination of Hyperhomocysteine(HHCY) and hypertension. It is associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Nevertheless, the relationship between H-type hypertension and intracranial arterial dolichoectasia(IADE) is unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between H-type hypertension and IADE in hypertensive patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Methods
Patients with hypertension and acute ischemic stroke who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of Changzhou Second People's Hospital from June 2021 to February 2022 were consecutively collected. H-type hypertension is essential hypertension associated with serum homocysteine levels > 10 µmol/L. Patients were diagnosed with IADE (intracranial artery diameter, height of bifurcation of basilar artery, and laterality of basilar artery) based on MRI and CTA. IADE includes intracranial dolichoectasia and middle cerebral artery(ICDA), and vertebrobasilar artery dolichoectasia(VBD). ICDA was defined as internal carotid artery(ICA) diameter > 7mm and middle cerebral artery diameter(MCA) > 4mm. VBD was defined if the vertebral artery(VA) or basilar artery(BA) diameter was greater than 4.5mm and BA's lateral displacement and bifurcation height reached grade two or higher. To analyze the correlation between H-type hypertension and IADE. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used.
Results
355 patients with hypertension and acute ischemic stroke were enrolled, 102 had isolated hypertension, and 253 had H-type hypertension. Patients in the H-type hypertension group had a higher ratio of IADE (P = 0.002) and higher BAR score(P = 0.047) than the isolated hypertension group. The IADE group had a higher percentage of H-type hypertension(P = 0.002), a higher proportion of H-type hypertension grade (P = 0.003), and greater homocysteine levels (P = 0.009) than the non-IADE group. The degree of H-type hypertension was positively correlated with the BAR score(r = 0.125, P = 0.018). After controlling for age, sex, and uric acid, multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that H-type hypertension was an independent risk factor for IADE patients (OR, 2.537; 95%CI, 1.281–5.023; P = 0.008).
Conclusions
H-type hypertension is independently related to IADE in hypertensive patients with acute ischemic stroke. Controlling blood pressure and lowering homocysteine may reduce the risk of IADE.
Performance Evaluation of Meta-Heuristic Algorithms for Designing Multi-Objective Multi-Product Multi-Echelon Supply Chain Network
Authors: Duffuaa Salih O.
Published: November 2022

In recent years, interest in designing multi-echelon, multi-product supply chains using multi-objective optimization has surged. This growing interest is exemplified by the number of studies published in this field. The resulting models for these cases are complex multi-objective optimization network models of a combinatorial nature. Exact algorithms can at best provide an Pareto optimal solution for medium size problems. In such situations, metaheuristic algorithms become a viable option for solving these kinds of problems. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop three meta-heuristic algorithms to solve large size multi-objective supply chain network design problems. The algorithms are based on tabu search, genetic algorithm, and simulated annealing to find near optimal global solutions. The three algorithms are designed, coded, tested, and their parameters are fine tuned. The exact ε-constraint algorithm embedded in the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) is used to validate the results of the three algorithms. A well-designed study is used to compare the performance of the three algorithms based on several performance measures using sound statistical tests. A typical multi-objective supply chain model is used to compare the algorithms’ performance. The results show that the tabu search algorithm outperformed the other two algorithms in terms of the percent of domination and computation time. On the other hand, the simulated annealing solutions are the best in terms of their diversity.
Quadruplet expanded DNA (QED) genetic code for eukaryotic cells**
Authors: Singh Rama Shankar
Published: November 2022

QED genetic code for eukaryotic cells is developed by analyzing triplet gene encoding and overcoming the lack of transcription and splicing controls. While verifying the triplet genetic code, Nobel laureate H.G. Khorana avoided synthesizing poly-rAU and poly- rCG, not promoting polypeptide formation. The QED codon is developed using these attributes. Here, the QED codon is assumed to comprise all four DNA bases (T, C, A, and G); the code is position-independent and symmetric. The adjacent bases (A: U) and (C: G) forming complementarity pairs naturally do not promote polypeptide formation; instead, they control the synthesis process, transcription, and splicing. Under these constraints, the resulting (4x4x4x4) 256 quadruplets fall into two groups: 20 independent codons encoding 20 canonical amino acids and 35 independent noncoding codons regulating the process, including transcription and splicing. Since gene variants lead to dysfunctional protein-causing diseases, steps to correct dysfunctional proteins are described, anticipating a strategy for developing cures for rare diseases and multigenic cancers.
P2RX7 promotes osteosarcoma progression and glucose metabolism by enhancing c-Myc stabilization
Authors: sheng gaohong , Gao Yuan , Ding Qing , Zhang Ruizhuo , Wang Tianqi , Jing Shaoze , Zhao Hongqi , Ma Tian , Wu Hua , Yang Yong
Published: November 2022

Background
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant tumor in bone and the prognosis has reached a plateau in the past few decades. Recently, metabolic reprogramming has attracted increasing attention in the research on cancer progression. In our previous study, P2RX7 has been determined as on oncogene in osteosarcoma. However, whether and how P2RX7 promotes osteosarcoma growth and metastasis through metabolic reprogramming remains unexplored.
Methods
We used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology to establish P2RX7 knockout cell lines. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were performed to verify metabolic reprogramming in osteosarcoma. RT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence analyses were used to determine glucose metabolism related gene expressions. Cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flowcytometry. The capacity of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation were evaluated by seahorse experiments. PET/CT was carried out to assess glucose uptake in vivo.
Results
We demonstrated that P2RX7 significantly promotes glucose metabolism in osteosarcoma via upregulating various glucose metabolism related gene expressions. Inhibition of glucose metabolism largely abolishes the ability of P2RX7 to promote osteosarcoma progression. Mechanistically, P2RX7 enhances c-Myc stabilization by facilitating nuclear retention and reducing ubiquitination-dependent degradation. Furthermore, P2RX7 promotes osteosarcoma growth and metastasis through metabolic reprogramming in a predominantly c-Myc-dependent manner.
Conclusions
P2RX7 plays a key role in metabolic reprogramming and osteosarcoma progression via c-Myc stability. These findings provide new evidence that P2RX7 might be a novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic target in osteosarcoma. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic reprogramming appears to be promising as an alternative in osteosarcoma treatment.
Results of interventional treatment of peripheral slow-flow malformations
Authors: Altenbernd Jens , Kutta Felix , Forsting Michael , Theysohn Jens , Rohde Stefan
Published: November 2022

Background:
In recent years sclerotherapy has increasingly become the treatment of choice for peripheral slow-flow malformations. However, the long-term effectiveness of sclerotherapy is still a matter of debate, especially when it comes to new sclerosing agents like polidocanol. This study aims at gathering further information concerning its long-term effectiveness and safety.
Results:
Most patients reported a reduction of symptoms which include pain (57,7%), swelling (65,4%) and functional impairment (60%). Cosmetic complaints were less likely to be reduced by sclerotherapy (44,4%). In most cases a relief of symptoms was stable for many years, especially after several consecutive treatment sessions. Complication rates were comparably low, with only 2 patients requiring additional treatment at hospital and no
lasting damages. Previous studies indicate that a volume reduction immediately after treatment is the norm. However, our study suggests that these effects might not be permanent. Most patients (70,9%) were satisfied with the treatment. Satisfaction was closely linked to a partial or complete relief of symptoms (p=0.001).
Conclusion:
Sclerotherapy is a promising way of treating slow-flow-malformations. Polidocanol has proved to be a save sclerosing agent. The reduction of major symptoms was substantial in most cases and lasted for many years.
The blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) genome reveals a species-specific accumulation of LTR retrotransposons
Authors: Bours Andrea , Pruisscher Peter , Bascón-Cardozo Karen , Odenthal-Hesse Linda , Liedvogel Miriam
Published: November 2022

Transposable elements are mobile genetic elements that have the ability to move around the genome, and as such can be a source of genome variability. Transposable elements (TEs) are ubiquitous and many are found within a wide variety of life. Based on their characteristics we can annotate TEs within the host genome and classify them into specific TE types and families. The increasing number of available high-quality genome references in recent years provides an excellent resource that will enhance the understanding of the role of recently active TEs on genetic variation and phenotypic evolution. Here we showcase this through a high-quality TE annotation of the Eurasian blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla), as our chromosome resolution reference genome allowed the reconstruction of difficult-to-assemble regions. We have the ability to distinguish species-specific and non-specific TEs. We investigate how these TE categories are distributed along the genome and evaluate their correlation with four genomic features: recombination rate, gene coverage, CpG island coverage and GC coverage. We found a marked difference between species-specific and non-specific TEs. While species-specific TEs were negatively correlated with both GC content and recombination rate, the correlation with recombination rate disappeared and turned positive for GC content when considering non-specific TEs.
Texture Feature Analysis of MRI-ADC Images to Differentiate Glioma Grades Using Machine Learning Techniques.
Authors: Vijithananda Sahan M. , Jayatilake Mohan Mohan L. , Gonçalves Teresa C. , Hewavithana Badra , Rato Luis M. , Weerakoon Bimali S. , Kalupahana Tharindu D. , Silva Anil D. , Dissanayake Karuna
Published: November 2022

Background: Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an indispensable imaging technique in clinical neuroimaging that quantitatively assesses the diffusivity of water molecules within tissues using Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). This study focuses on developing a robust Machine Learning (ML) model to predict the aggressiveness of gliomas according to World Health Organization (WHO) grading by analyzing patients’ demographics, higher-order moments, and Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) texture features of ADC.
Methods: A population of 722 labeled MRI-ADC brain image slices from 88 human subjects was selected, where gliomas are labeled as glioblastoma multiforme (WHO-IV), high-grade glioma (WHO-III), and low-grade glioma (WHO I-II). Images were acquired using 3T-MR systems and a region of interest (ROI) was delineated over tumor areas. Skewness, kurtosis, and statistical texture features of GLCM (mean, variance, energy, entropy, contrast, homogeneity, correlation, prominence, and shade) were calculated using ADC values within ROI. The ANOVA f-test was utilized to select the best features to train an ML model. The data set was split into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets. The train set was fed into several ML algorithms and selected most promising ML algorithm using K-fold cross-validation. The hyper-parameters of the selected algorithm were optimized using random grid search technique. Finally, the performance of the developed model was assessed by calculating accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 values reported for the test set.
Results: According to the ANOVA f-test, three attributes; patient gender (1.48), GLCM energy (9.48), and correlation (13.86) that performed minimum scores were excluded from the dataset. Among the tested algorithms, the random forest classifier(0.8772±0.0237) performed the highest score and selected to build the ML model which was able to predict tumor categories with an accuracy of 88.14% over the test set.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the developed ML model using the above features except for patient gender, GLCM energy, and correlation, has high prediction accuracy in glioma grading. Therefore, the outcomes of this study enable to development of advanced tumor classification applications that assist in the decision-making process in a real-time clinical environment.