bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Vibrational Analysis of Restrained Irregular Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Using Thin Cylindrical Shell Model
Authors: Hussin Amira Mohamed
Published: February 2023

The main purpose of this work is to investigate the impacts of surface irregularity on the natural frequency of longitudinal vibration of the single-walled carbon nanotube (ISWCNT). The boundary conditions and governing equations are formulated based on thin cylindrical shell theory. An exact solution is presented and the MATLAB R2013a Software is used to carried out the numerical solutions. A novel equation of motion and frequency equation are derived. The impact of various parameters, including surface irregularity, stiffness and thickness, on longitudinal vibration of SWCNT is examined. It is concluded that, the longitudinal natural frequencies of SWCNT increase from large to small irregularity parameter. Additionally, it has been found that increasing the ration (h/R) of nanotube is preferable for improving the vibration stability of SWCNTs. Moreover, the findings of this work can be used to produce the best designs for nanodevices with SWCNT as a common structural component.
Beam Pattern Analysis of Hybrid Frequency Diverse and Phased Array
Authors: Wu Zhenhai , Li Jun , Liu Jingxian , Liu Xufei , Luo Qiang , Qiu Yi
Published: February 2023

The conventional frequency diverse array has range and angle coupled S-shaped spatial distribution. When transmitting and receiving operations are taken into account together, only energies in the target direction are concerned. To better support this condition, a transmit hybrid array
is proposed in this paper with a dotshaped beam pattern. The hybrid array is composed of a frequency diverse subarray (FDSA) and a phased subarray (PSA). If the frequency increment of FDSA is linearly increased, the beam pattern of the hybrid array exhibits a periodicity in the range dimension.
Moreover, if the frequency increment of FDSA is logarithmically increased, it yields a single maximum pointing at the target location with improved azimuthal resolution.
Socioeconomic Positions and Midlife Health Trajectories in a Changing Social Context: Evidence from China, 1991–2006
Authors: Zhao Yizhang
Published: February 2023

Cumulative (dis)advantage theory posits that socioeconomic disparities in health may increase with age. This study examines individuals’ midlife health trajectories, taking account of how their life courses are embedded within changing social contexts. Using the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2006), it examines the health gap between Chinese rural peasants and urban nonpeasants in three adjacent time periods, during which a rapid process of social change increased the inequalities between rural and urban areas. Findings show that the health gap increases more rapidly in the more recent time periods, with higher levels of inequality, indicating that health inequalities between the two groups are contingent upon the social contexts in which individuals’ lives unfold. To better understand the differences observed over these time periods, further analysis will examine the roles of two structural factors: income inequality and differential access to medical care.
Academic Achievement and Satisfaction Among University Students With Specific Learning Disabilities: The Roles of Soft Skills and Study-Related Factors
Authors: Casali Nicole , Meneghetti Chiara , Tinti Carla , Maria Re Anna , Sini Barbara , Passolunghi Maria Chiara , Valenti Antonella , Montesano Lorena , Pellegrino Gerardo , Carretti Barbara
Published: February 2023

Understanding the individual qualities sustaining students with and without specific learning disabilities (SLDs) is key to supporting their academic achievement and well-being. In this study, we investigated the differences between students with and without SLDs in terms of intraindividual factors (soft skills and study-related factors), academic and nonacademic outcomes (achievement, academic and life satisfaction), and the relationships between such intraindividual factors and the three outcomes. A total of 318 students (79 males; Mage = 22.7; SD = 3.56; age range = 19–45 years; 147 with SLDs) completed self-reported questionnaires and a measure of fluid intelligence. The results showed that students with SLDs reported higher creativity but lower academic self-efficacy, study resilience, and academic achievement, with small-to-medium effect sizes. In both groups, achievement significantly positively related to academic self-efficacy and negatively to creativity. Life satisfaction was positively related to study resilience; and academic satisfaction was related to critical thinking, curiosity, and academic self-efficacy. Nurturing such intraindividual factors can benefit students with and without SLDs.
The Concept of a Good Death from the Perspectives of Nurses Caring for Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: AKSOY Berna , KASIKÇI Esengül
Published: February 2023

We have witnessed increasing numbers of cases of COVID-19 and associated deaths worldwide. Therefore, the purpose of this descriptive and cross-sectional study was to determine the perception of a good death and the factors contributing to it by nurses caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit (ICU). It was carried out with nurses caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the ICU ( n = 369). Data were collected using a questionnaire and the Good Death Scale. The mean score of the participants scale was 56.84 ± 7.51. In this study, nurses have seen as important statements that include “ensuring a peaceful death”, “being with their loved ones”, “meeting a person’s spiritual needs”, and “having an opportunity to say goodbye” for the good death. The factors contributing to the perception of a good death were gender, marital status, and feeling sad when caring for a dying patient ( p < .05).
Gender Differences in the Empathy–Recidivism Relationship
Authors: Narvey Chelsey S. , Perez Katherine L. , Wolff Kevin T. , Baglivio Michael T. , Piquero Alex R.
Published: February 2023

A large body of criminological research often focuses on risk factors that propel individuals toward criminal activity rather than those that act as protective factors to reduce criminal involvement. In this study, we focus on a potentially important protective factor, empathy, which has long been considered an individual characteristic related to prosocial human behavior including non-offending. Specifically, we test the effects of empathy on juvenile recidivism and evaluate how empathy interacts with gender as a protective factor among a large sample of adjudicated youth followed for 1-year post-release from a residential treatment facility. Results show that empathy was associated with lower recidivism among the entire sample of youth, with a stronger protective effect against recidivism for justice-involved female youth. Findings contribute to the gendered literature on responses to crime and suggest empathy should be included in programming and interventions for youth involved in the juvenile justice system, particularly for females.
Characteristics of Relationship Agreements and Associations with Relationship Functioning Among People with Diverse Relationship Structures
Authors: Vilkin Ellora , Davila Joanne
Published: February 2023

Having a relationship agreement — a mutual understanding between partners regarding relationship and sexual behaviors both within and outside their relationship — has been linked with healthy relationship functioning. Yet research has been largely limited to sexual agreements among gay and bisexual men, with few studies regarding relationship agreement prevalence, types, and motivations among people of diverse sexual and gender identities and relationship types (e.g., polyamory, monogamy). This study sought to describe characteristics of and motivations for relationship agreements and examine associations between agreements and two metrics of relationship functioning: adaptive decision-making and satisfaction. In a cross-sectional online survey about sexuality, dating, and relationships among people of diverse sexual orientations, 722 U.S. participants ( M age 29.3, 48.9% cisgender women, 83.7% non-heterosexual, 34.9% monogamous) provided data regarding relationship agreements, decision-making, and satisfaction. Bivariate and regression analyses were used to examine individual and relational correlates of having an agreement as well as associations between agreements, deciding, and satisfaction. A large majority of participants ( N = 594, 82.3%) had a relationship agreement. Nearly two-thirds described their current relationship status as some form of consensual non-monogamy (CNM), with 41% having 2 or more current significant partners. Common reasons for making an agreement included building trust and honesty, protecting the relationship or partners’ feelings, managing expectations, and preventing HIV or STIs. Across participants, having an agreement — regardless of the type — was associated with higher scores on both satisfaction and decision making. Implications for couples/relationship researchers and therapists are discussed.
Safety of del Nido cardioplegia during frozen elephant trunk procedure: A case report of first experience in complex aortic surgery
Authors: Comentale Giuseppe , Pilato Emanuele
Published: February 2023

We report the case of a 74 years-old male who underwent frozen elephant trunk due to a huge aortic arch aneurysm related to a type 1A endoleak after thoracic endovascular aortic repair where cardioplegic arrest was achieved using the Del Nido cardioplegia.
Primary hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma in a patient with chronic hepatitis B: a case report
Authors: Koh Hee Dong , Choi Jong Won , Kim Eun Kyung , Park Sumi , Kim Min Ji , Lee Chun Kyon
Published: February 2023

Primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare disease, and primary hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma accounts for only 0.3% of all primary hepatic lymphomas. Herein, we report a case of primary hepatic MALT lymphoma in a male patient in his mid-40 s with chronic hepatitis B infection. The patient visited our department for further examination of a hepatic nodule initially visualized through abdominal pelvic computed tomography (CT). Based on imaging studies and elevated levels of tumor markers, the tumor was suspected to be hepatocellular carcinoma. A laparoscopic inferior sectionectomy (segment 5 and 6) was performed, and immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor was positive for CD20, B-cell lymphoma 2, pan-cytokeratin (CK), and CK19 markers. Pathological findings revealed it to be a primary hepatic MALT lymphoma. After surgery, bone marrow biopsies and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography integrated with CT scanning confirmed that there was no other involvement. The patient did not receive chemotherapy, and there was no recurrence during the 24-month follow-up period. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common malignancy in patients with chronic hepatitis B, but rare tumors such as primary MALT lymphoma can also occur, so a careful approach is required for their differentiation.
Learning about humour
Authors: Vosmer Susanne
Published: February 2023

In groups, we encounter the entire spectrum of humour from benign jokes to hostile sarcasm. Since humour has been neglected by group analysts, this article expands the limited literature in group analysis on humour. Several theories of humour are introduced. I contend that group analysis should research humour in order to develop a group analytic theory of humour. Jokes and clinical examples are interwoven to illustrate what conductors must consider before employing humour. Reactions to and use of witticism are described. Beneficial humour techniques (therapeutic paradox, paradoxical intentions) and gallows humour are outlined. Gallows humour has therapeutic benefits for depressed, traumatized, suicidal and dying people. Vignettes are provided that demonstrate how parallel process offers insight into humour. I suggest that supervision and workshops are vital if group analysts wish to use humour. Some techniques are described, which could be taught.
The experience of theft of the firstborn’s rights as echoed in individual and group analysis
Authors: Ashuach Smadar
Published: February 2023

The theft of the firstborn’s birth right by a sibling is relived and re-enacted in individual and group analysis. This experience can be interpreted as a continuation of Juliet Mitchell’s theory of sibling trauma and the law of the mother, as expressed in several Bible stories and demonstrated here by clinical examples.
Integration Experiences of Francophone Newcomer Students in English Provinces: A Literature Review
Authors: Palova Katerina , Pagtalunan Amielle , Rahal Louai , Kassan Anusha
Published: February 2023

This literature review explores the integration experiences of francophone newcomer students in anglophone provinces in Canada. It outlines scholarly findings regarding factors that impact the integration of newcomer students into French public-school systems in predominantly English provinces. We identified two themes related to the integration of francophone newcomer students, including (1) school integration experiences, and (2) out-of-school integration experiences. With respect to school integration, three sub-themes were developed: (a) educational and cultural gaps, (b) language diversity, plurilingualism, and identity, and (c) multiple marginalization of newcomers. Some of the factors that were found to affect integration include: differences between pre- and post-immigration educational contexts, English language proficiency, and (mis)recognition of the diversity within the francophone population. Following the review, gaps in the literature are identified, avenues for future research are proposed, and implications for school psychology are discussed.
On How to Be Liked in First Encounters: The Effects of Agentic and Communal Behaviors on Popularity and Unique Liking
Authors: Dufner Michael , Krause Sascha
Published: February 2023

When meeting other people for the first time, how should one behave in order to be liked? We investigated the effects of agentic and communal behaviors on two forms of being liked: popularity (being generally liked by others) and unique liking (being uniquely liked by specific interaction partners). In a round-robin study, 139 unacquainted German adults had dyadic conversations and provided liking ratings afterward. The conversations were recorded on video, and four agentic behaviors (leading, dominant, confident, boastful) and four communal behaviors (polite, benevolent, warm, friendly) were each rated by trained observers. Participants who generally showed agentic and communal behavior were also generally liked (popularity). When participants’ level of communal, but not agentic, behavior exceeded their personal standards during an interaction, they were particularly well-liked by the respective interaction partner (unique liking). The behavioral predictors of being liked thus differ, depending on whether one focuses on popularity or unique liking.
A unified approach based on multidimensional scaling for calibration estimation in survey sampling with qualitative auxiliary information
Authors: Vera J Fernando , Sánchez Zuleta Carmen Cecilia , Rueda Maria del Mar
Published: February 2023

Survey calibration is a widely used method to estimate the population mean or total score of a target variable, particularly in medical research. In this procedure, auxiliary information related to the variable of interest is used to recalibrate the estimation weights. However, when the auxiliary information includes qualitative variables, traditional calibration techniques may be not feasible or the optimisation procedure may fail. In this article, we propose the use of linear calibration in conjunction with a multidimensional scaling-based set of continuous, uncorrelated auxiliary variables along with a suitable metric in a distance-based regression framework. The calibration weights are estimated using a projection of the auxiliary information on a low-dimensional Euclidean space. The approach becomes one of the linear calibration with quantitative variables avoiding the usual computational problems in the presence of qualitative auxiliary information. The new variables preserve the underlying assumption in linear calibration of a linear relationship between the auxiliary and target variables, and therefore the optimal properties of the linear calibration method remain true. The behaviour of this approach is examined using a Monte Carlo procedure and its value is illustrated by analysing real data sets and by comparing its performance with that of traditional calibration procedures.
Can radiological findings detect neuropathic pain in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee undergoing surgery?
Authors: Ogawa Hiroyasu , Nakamura Yutaka , Sengoku Masaya , Shimokawa Tetsuya , Sohmiya Kazuki , Ohnishi Kazuichiro , Matsumoto Kazu , Akiyama Haruhiko
Published: February 2023

Objectives

The mechanism underlying neuropathic pain (NP) in osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is not completely understood. This study aimed to investigate whether possible NP in patients with knee OA undergoing knee surgery is associated with specific radiological findings.

Methods

This study included 197 patients who underwent knee surgery for symptomatic knee OA. Clinical evaluation was performed using the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), and PainDETECT questionnaire. Radiological evaluation was performed using the hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, posterior tibial slope (PTS), varus and valgus laxities, and magnetic resonance imaging OA Knee Score (MOAKS). Radiological findings were compared between patients with possible and unlikely NP. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictive factors for NP.

Results

There were 163 and 34 patients with unlikely NP and with possible NP, respectively. The percentage of patients with CSI score ≥ 40 was significantly higher in the possible NP group than in the unlikely NP group (17.6% vs. 6.1%). Patients with possible NP had worse WOMAC scores than patients with unlikely NP. There were no significant positive associations between the possible NP and radiological findings in knee OA. Regression analysis showed no predictive factors for possible NP.

Conclusions

Possible NP is not associated with specific radiological findings in knee OA. Patients with possible NP may mediate CS and experience more severe symptoms, including decreased knee function and lower quality of life, than patients with unlikely NP.
Fatigue behaviour of piezoelectric ceramic stack under large cyclic dynamic loading
Authors: Ding Guangya , Xing Zijun , Chen Naiyu , Wang Jun , Shi Li
Published: February 2023

The fatigue behaviour of a piezoelectric ceramic stack co-fired at low temperatures under the influence of a large cyclic dynamic load was studied. The piezoelectric ceramic stack is equivalent to a parallel plate capacitor with a charge source in parallel. The equations for the total current, output current and capacitor charging current of an equivalent device for an applied load were derived using Kirchhoff’s theoretical formula. A new type of fatigue test equipment was developed for continuous long-term M-shaped wave output. The piezoelectric ceramic stack is positioned between two concrete slabs, forming a pavement-subgrade piezoelectric structure. The fatigue behaviour of the piezoelectric ceramic stack was observed for 800,000 cycles of dynamic load. The results show that the dynamic load studied produced fatigue damage in the piezoelectric ceramic stack. As the number of dynamic loads increased, the electric output capacity of the piezoelectric ceramic stack decreased. Evident stage divisions were observed in the fatigue behaviour of the piezoelectric ceramic stack under cyclic dynamic loading. The electric output capacity of the stack decreased as the number of dynamic loads increased in the early and late stages, whereas it exhibited negligible change during the stable period.
Does preappointment gabapentin affect neurological examination findings? A prospective, randomized and blinded study in healthy cats
Authors: de Azevedo André F , Veronezi Tayná M , Zardo Izadora L , Ferronatto João VB , Franck Kirian R , Spiering Adriana G , Nunes Luciana N , da Costa Fernanda VA
Published: February 2023

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a preappointment oral dose of gabapentin on the neurological examination of cats.

Methods

A prospective, randomized and blinded clinical trial was conducted in 35 client-owned healthy cats. Cats were scheduled for two appointments and randomly assigned to receive either a placebo or a 100 mg gabapentin capsule prior to the second veterinary visit. A neurological examination was performed during each visit, and the results were compared between groups. Normal/abnormal response rates for each test were based on the number of cats that allowed the test to be performed.

Results

Gabapentin was administered to 17 cats. Gait and postural reactions were significantly affected in the gabapentin group. Comparing the gabapentin with the placebo groups, proprioceptive ataxia was identified in 4/17 (23.5%) vs 0/18 cats ( P = 0.0288); paw placement deficits were seen in 10/11 (90.9%) vs 1/4 (25%) cats; table tactile placement deficits were identified in 13/17 (76.5%) vs 0/18 cats ( P <0.0001); hopping deficits were seen in 5/17 (29.4%) vs 0/16 cats ( P = 0.0185); and abnormalities on wheelbarrowing and extensor postural thrust were reported in 5/17 (29.4%) vs 0/18 cats ( P = 0.0129). These results had no correlation with age or dose/kg received. No significant difference was noted in the assessment of level and content of consciousness, posture, cranial nerves and spinal nerves. No significant differences were noted in test compliance or examination duration.

Conclusions and relevance

Gabapentin significantly altered gait analyses and postural reactions in this group of healthy cats. The administration of gabapentin could lead to false–positive results and, possibly, an incorrect identification of neurological lesions. In contrast, gabapentin did not impair the assessment of cranial nerves and spinal reflexes, which can be assessed in patients receiving the drug.
Vesiculobullous and Other Cutaneous Manifestations of COVID-19 Vaccines: a Scoping and Narrative Review
Authors: Mahmood Farhan , Cyr Janelle , Li Amy , Lipson Jennifer , Pratt Melanie , Beecker Jennifer
Published: February 2023

As coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines continue to be administered, dermatologists play a critical role in recognizing and treating the cutaneous manifestations (CM) associated with the vaccines. Adverse cutaneous reactions of COVID-19 vaccines reported in the literature range from common urticarial to rare vesiculobullous reactions. In this study, we performed a (1) scoping review to assess the occurrences of vesicular, papulovesicular, and bullous CMs of COVID-19 vaccines and their respective treatments, and (2) a narrative review discussing other common and uncommon CMs of COVID-19 vaccines. Thirty-six articles were included in the scoping review, and 66 articles in the narrative review. We found that vesicular, papulovesicular, and bullous lesions are infrequent, reported mostly after the first dose of Moderna or Pfizer vaccines. Eleven of the 36 studies reported vesicular reactions consistent with activation or reactivation of the herpes zoster virus. Most vesicular and bullous lesions were self-limited or treated with topical corticosteroids. Other CMs included injection-site, urticarial or morbilliform reactions, vasculitis, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and flaring of or new-onset skin diseases such as psoriasis. Treatments for CMs included topical or oral corticosteroids, antihistamines, or no treatment in self-limited cases. Although most CMs are benign and treatable, the data on the effect of systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive therapies on the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines is limited. Some studies report reduced immunogenicity of the vaccines after high-dose corticosteroids use. Physicians may consult local guidelines where available when recommending COVID-19 vaccines to immunosuppressed patients, and when using corticosteroids to manage the CMs of COVID-19 vaccines.
Introduction to special issue: The critical theory of society
Authors: O’Mahony Patrick
Published: February 2023

The state of theorizing bearing on an explicit, contemporary, critical theory of society is first of all outlined. While contemporary conditions of scholarship are not promising in this respect, the potential of a distinctive critical theory of society nonetheless remains tantalizing. The mostly agreed, even if mostly only implicitly, core architectonic of critical theory is outlined as a foundation, though disagreements persist over the significance of the linguistic turn and context-transcendent versus context-immanent modes of theorizing. On the basis of the outline of the general architectonic, suggestions are made, pointing forward to the articles in the special issue, as to how the contemporary democratic focus of the theory offers inspiration for a more explicit, modern articulation. Such a theory would follow the lead of the first generation, but it would additionally take on board the multiple theoretical as well as social changes that have since occurred.
Flexural behavior of different types of steel-concrete composite decks with perfobond rib or head stud shear connectors
Authors: Shan Yulin , Chen Yuli , Zong Zhouhong , Liu Lu , Li Jiaqi , Li Zhuo
Published: February 2023

With the advent of long-span bridges, steel-concrete composite decks are increasingly concerning structures to address the fatigue problem, wear of the surfacing, and corrosion of the steel decks. The different types of ribs result in the variety of the cross-sections of the composite decks. Thus, the flexural behavior of different types of steel-concrete composite decks with perfobond rib (PBL) or head stud shear connectors was investigated in this study. The different types of composite decks included steel-concrete composite decks (SCCDs), open-rib stiffened steel-concrete composite decks (OSCCDs), and U-rib stiffened steel-concrete composite decks (USCCDs). For this purpose, the static flexural tests of two USCCDs with PBL or head stud shear connectors were conducted. Parametric analyses were also carried out via finite element models to investigate the effects of the number of ribs, the thickness of the ribs, the thickness of the steel plate, the thickness of the concrete slab, and the spacing of the shear connectors on the flexural behavior of the SCCDs, OSCCDs, and USCCDs with PBL or head stud shear connectors. The results indicated that the types of ribs showed significant influence on the flexural behavior of the composite decks. For the same type of shear connector, the flexural behavior of the USCCDs was significantly higher than that of the SCCDs and OSCCDs. Compared with the SCCDs with PBL or head stud shear connectors, the initial stiffness and ultimate load of the USCCDs with PBL or head stud shear connectors were increased by 314.2% and 354.5%, 62.2%, and 89.3%, respectively. The flexural behavior of the composite decks with PBL connections was larger than that of the composite decks with head stud shear connectors for one type of composite deck. The thickness of the concrete slab showed the highest impact on the flexural behavior of the composite decks, followed by the thickness of the rib, the number of ribs, and the spacing of the shear connector. The thickness of the steel plate showed a slight influence on the flexural behavior of the composite decks. The ultimate load of three types of composite decks with PBL or head stud shear connectors was increased by more than 46.5% when the thickness of the concrete slab increased from 80 mm to 120 mm. The reduction stiffness method considering the slip effect was proposed to accurately predict the elastic deflections of three types of composite decks. This study can provide some reference for the design and engineering application of the different types of composite decks.
I Want to Die Well
Authors: Johnson Amber
Published: February 2023

Public health scholars, practitioners, organizations, and governmental agencies broadly declared that racism is a public health crisis in 2020. Their declarations highlight the need to address how racism destroys Black life and communities. This poem looks at the various ways Black people have died in the United States due to racism, and offers a comparison to wealthy white men whom often die peacefully, of old age, surrounded by money and generations of family. This poem is but a glimpse into the many ways Black life ends painfully at the hands of racist systems, policies, and people—an unfiltered reminder of the imperative of committing to antiracist praxis within health promotion research and practice. To view the original version of this poem, see the supplemental material section of this article online.
Is It the Judge, the Sender, or Just the Individual Message? Disentangling Person and Message Effects on Variation in Lie-Detection Judgments
Authors: Volz Sarah , Reinhard Marc-André , Müller Patrick
Published: February 2023

Research suggests that people differ more in their ability to lie than in their ability to detect lies. However, because studies have not treated senders and messages as separate entities, it is unclear whether some senders are generally more transparent than others or whether individual messages differ in their transparency of veracity regardless of senders. Variance attributable to judges, senders, and messages was estimated simultaneously using multiple messages from each sender (totaling more than 45,000 judgments). The claim that the accuracy of a veracity judgment depends on the sender was not supported. Messages differed in their detectability (21% explained variance), but senders did not. Message veracity accounted for most message variation (16.8% of the total variance), but other idiosyncratic message characteristics also contributed significantly. Consistent with the notion that a (mis)match between sender demeanor and veracity determines accuracy, lie and truth detectability differed individually within senders. Judges primarily determined variance in lie-versus-truth classifications (12%) and in confidence (46%) but played no role regarding judgment accuracy (< 0.01%). This work has substantial implications for the design and direction of future research and underscores the importance of separating senders and messages when developing theories and testing derived hypotheses.
Content is power: Cultural engineering and political control over transnational television
Authors: Algan Ece , Kaptan Yeşim
Published: February 2023

Since the 2000s, the television industry in Turkey has emerged as a transnational business and as one of the largest TV program exporters worldwide. However, Turkish television is still largely national in its production practices and content, and thus, highly vulnerable to the domestic political landscape and media regulations of the government. In the last two decades, rather than endorsing the independent growth of this emerging industry in the international markets, the Turkish government has erected barriers by tightening censorship and passing new regulations to control national television and its content production. The AKP government deployed various state apparatuses, including Turkey's public broadcasting channel (TRT), English language news channel (TRT World), and the regulatory agency Radio and Television Supreme Council (RTÜK) to foster the type of television content that can ideologically serve the AKP's conservative and neo-Ottomanist agendas. Drawing on the political economy of media and through critical analysis, this paper analyzes how these state mechanisms are used to instrumentalize TV exports and media institutions in service of President Erdoğan's cultural, economic, and foreign policy agendas within the country and abroad. By investigating the tension between the state's ideological project and the regional, transnational, and global mediasphere, our work sheds light on how the implementation of the government's new media and cultural policies, top-down directives and pressures from the state and government on both the TV industry and its audience, and South-to-South cultural flows have shaped the Turkish TV industry and its content in the last two decades.
Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Sesquiterpenoid Involving Spirocyclic Carbon Framework
Authors: Hagiwara Hisahiro
Published: February 2023

Spirocarbocyclic natural products have been attracting considerable attention from synthetic organic chemists. This review focused on total syntheses of sesquiterpenoids involving spiro[4.5]decane and spiro[5.5]undecane scaffolds, compiling syntheses of colletoic acid, cubebol, axenol, vetispirene, hinesol, agarospirol, axenol, gleenol, exiguamide, exigurin, erythrodiene, spirojatamol, antroalbocin A, omphalic acid, dactylone, and aplydactonee since 2015.
Intraoperative Acoustic Evaluation of Living Human Knee Cartilage-Comparison with Respect to Cartilage Degeneration and Aging
Authors: Nakagawa Yasuaki , Mori Koji , Mukai Shogo , Shinya Yuki , Nakamura Ryota , Takahashi Motoi
Published: February 2023

Objective

The objective of the study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of living human knee cartilage using our ultrasonic device, and to compare the measurements with respect to cartilage degeneration and aging.

Design

A total of 95 knees which had undergone arthroscopic knee surgery, from 88 patients, were included in the study, with informed consent. All procedures were reviewed and approved by the ethical committee of our hospital. In the study group, there were 41 men, 47 women, 39 right knees, and 56 left knees. The conditions primarily included knee osteoarthritis and anterior cruciate ligament rupture. The mean operative age was 44.1 years old (range = 10-83). We compared mechanical properties of the knee cartilage with respect to aging and gender, in comparison with normal cartilage. A P value of <0.05 represented statistical significance.

Results

In the context of the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) classification of cartilage degeneration (grade 0-3), the signal intensity in grade 0 was significantly larger than that in grade 1, 2, or 3. The thickness in grade 0 was significantly higher than that in grade 1, 2, or 3. Normal cartilage in older women had the lowest signal intensity and the least cartilage thickness among all the groups.

Conclusion

The ultrasonic system we developed was able to detect early degenerative changes in living cartilage in knees. The lowest signal intensity and least cartilage thickness in normal cartilage among older women were correlated to a large prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in women.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, case series
Investigation of instructors’ massive open online course experiences: Actions and outputs
Authors: Aydin Muharrem , Karal Hasan
Published: February 2023

Instructors are the most important component for the development of a Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) because of many MOOCs have been developed by instructors and offered free of charge. In this study we examine the benefits of sharing and course design actions during the enforcement of a MOOC. In this study a qualitative research design, case study, was used. Interviews were made with 12 instructors who have offered MOOC on AtademiX in Turkey to understand their gains while developing and teaching MOOCs. The data obtained through semi-structured interviews were subjected to content analysis and the gains of instructos were revealed in an inductive manner. According to the results of the research, instructors have made professional development and achieved new academic outcomes such as tendency of material sharing, satisfaction, recognition, self-confidence, and effectiveness in face-to-face lessons. As a result, it can be said that MOOC contributes professionally and academically to instructors.
Vaccines between war and market
Authors: Balestra Anna , Caruso Raul
Published: February 2023

This short paper presents a theoretical analysis that is intended to throw light on some issues related to the supply of vaccines in a context where producer countries are involved in armed conflicts. We present a simple model which combines elements of Hirshleifer-style economic analysis of conflict and microeconomic modelling of oligopolistic markets. In particular, we apply a simple Cournot duopoly model to two producer countries. Findings show that world supply of vaccines is indirectly and negatively affected by the existence of armed conflicts in a producer country that is involved in an armed conflict. Yet such negative impact on supply also increases the world price. In brief, participation of producer countries in armed conflicts turns out to be detrimental for global supply of vaccines.
Interactions of Factors Related to the Stunting Reduction Program in Indonesia: A Case Study in Ende District
Authors: Daniel D. , Qaimamunazzala Hayu , Prawira Julivius , Siantoro Ayu , Sirait Mita , Tanaboleng Yohanes B. , Padmawati Retna Siwi
Published: February 2023

Previous stunting-related studies focus more on causes or determinants of stunting. Little is known about factors contributing to the success of stunting reduction programs. This study aims to fill those gaps using a case study from Ende District, Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia. A group model-building workshop with stunting-related stakeholders was conducted in November 2021. The system dynamic approach in the form of a causal loop diagram was used. Five variables related to the stunting reduction program were included in the analysis: the budget for the stunting reduction program; stunting-related stakeholder's cooperation and coordination; sufficient water supply; the ability of the related stakeholders to execute the program; and water, sanitation, and hygiene-related behavior. We found that the budget for the program and the cooperation and coordination between stakeholders were the most influential variables in the system. The feedback loop between these 2 variables was also the most prominent in the system, suggesting that sufficient funding and strong collaboration between stakeholders could lead to successful stunting reduction programs. Finally, this study implies that the stunting reduction programs in developing countries should be seen holistically and improvement should be conducted in all aspects, including financial, institutional, environmental, technical, and social.
Ribosome dysfunction underlies SLFN14-related thrombocytopenia
Authors: Ver Donck Fabienne , Ramaekers Kato , Thys Chantal , Van Laer Christine , Peerlinck Kathelijne , van Geet Chris , Eto Koji , Labarque Veerle , Freson Kathleen
Published: February 2023

Pathogenic missense variants in SLFN14, which encodes an RNA endoribonuclease protein that regulates rRNA degradation, are known to cause inherited thrombocytopenia with impaired platelet aggregation and ATP secretion. Despite rather mild laboratory defects, these patients display an obvious bleeding phenotype. The function of SLFN14 in megakaryocyte (MK) and platelet biology is unknown. This study aims to model the disease in the immortalized megakaryocyte cell line imMKCL and characterize the platelet transcriptome in patients with a SLFN14 K219N variant. MK derived from heterozygous and homozygous SLFN14 K219N imMKCL and stem cells of blood from patients mainly presented with a defect in proplatelet formation and mitochondrial organization. SLFN14 defective platelets and mature MK showed signs of rRNA degradation while this was absent in undifferentiated imMKCL cells and granulocytes. Total platelet RNA was sequenced for two patients and 19 healthy controls. Differential gene expression analysis yielded a total of 2999 and 2888 significantly (|log2FC|>1, FDR<0.05) up- and downregulated genes, respectively. Remarkably, these downregulated genes were not enriched for any biological pathway while upregulated genes were enriched for pathways involved in (mitochondrial) translation and transcription with a significant upregulation of 134 ribosomal protein genes (RPG). Upregulation of (M)RPG through increased mTORC1 signaling in SLFN14 K219N MK seems to be a compensatory response to rRNA degradation. Indeed, mTORC1 inhibition with rapamycin resulted in further enhanced rRNA degradation in SLFN14 K219N MK. Taken together, our study indicates dysregulation of mTORC1 coordinated ribosomal biogenesis as the disease mechanism for SLFN14-related thrombocytopenia.
Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among community-dwelling older adults in Hunan, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lu Lulu , Shen Hongxian , Tan Liwen , Huang Qiuping , Chen Qiongni , Liang Mining , He Li , Zhou Yang
Published: February 2023

Background

Older adults’ psychological health is a public health issue that cannot be ignored, especially when these psychological health problems and related factors change across different social backgrounds because of rapid changes in traditions and family structures and the epidemic responses after the outbreak of COVID-19 in China. The aim of our study is to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and their associated factors among community-dwelling older adults in China.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2021 with 1173 participants aged 65 years or above from three communities in Hunan Province, China who were selected using convenience sampling. A structured questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), the 7-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item (PHQ-9) was used to collect relevant demographic and clinical data and to measure social support status, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms, respectively. Bivariate analyses were conducted to explore the difference in anxiety and depression based on samples’ different characteristics. The multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to test for significant predictors of anxiety and depression.

Results

The prevalence of anxiety and depression were 32.74% and 37.34%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that being female, being unemployed before retirement age, lacking physical activity, having physical pain, and having three or more comorbidities were significant predictors for anxiety. Subjective social support and support utilization were significant protective factors. Regarding depression, religion, lacking physical activity, having physical pain, having three or more comorbidities were found to be significant predictors. Support utilization was a significant protective factor.

Conclusions

The study group showed a high prevalence of anxiety and depression. Gender, employment status, physical activity, physical pain, comorbidities, and social support were associated with psychological health problems of older adults. These findings suggest that governments should focus on the psychological health problems of older adults by raising community awareness of issues related to older adults’ psychological health. They should also screen for anxiety and depression among high-risk groups and encourage individuals to seek supportive counseling.
Effects of a family-based lifestyle intervention on co-physical activity and other health-related outcomes of fathers and their children: the ‘Run Daddy Run’ intervention
Authors: Latomme Julie , Morgan Philip J. , Chastin Sebastien , Brondeel Ruben , Cardon Greet
Published: February 2023

Background:

Fathers are important in establishing healthy behaviors in their children, but are rarely engaged in lifestyle programs. Focusing on physical activity (PA) of both fathers and their children by engaging them together in PA (i.e. “co-PA”) is therefore a promising novel strategy for interventions. The study aim was to investigate the effect of the ‘Run Daddy Run’ on co-PA and PA of fathers and their children, and secondary outcomes such as weight status and sedentary behaviour (SB).

Methods:

This study is a non-randomized controlled trial (nRCT), including 98 fathers and one of their 6 to 8 years old children (intervention = 35, control = 63). The intervention was implemented over a 14-week period, and consisted of six (inter)active father-child sessions and an online component. Due to COVID-19, only 2/6 sessions could be implemented as planned, the remaining sessions were delivered online. In November 2019-January 2020 pre-test measurements took place, and post-test measurements in June 2020. Additional follow-up test was conducted in November 2020. PA (i.e. LPA, MPA, VPA and volume) of fathers and children were objectively measured using accelerometry, co-PA and the secondary outcomes were questioned using an online questionnaire.

Results:

Significant intervention effects were found for co-PA (+ 24 min./day in the intervention compared to the control group, p = 0.002), and MPA of the father (+ 17 min./day, p = 0.035). For children, a significant increase in LPA (+ 35 min./day, p < 0.001) was found. However, an inverse intervention effect was found for their MPA and VPA (-15 min./day, p = 0.005 and − 4 min./day, p = 0.002, respectively). Also decreases in fathers’ and children’s SB were found (-39 min./day, p = 0.022 and − 40 min./day, p = 0.003, respectively), but no changes in weight status, the father-child relationship, and the PA-family health climate (all p > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The Run Daddy Run intervention was able to improve co-PA, MPA of fathers and LPA of children, and decreasing their SB. Inverse intervention effects were however found for MPA and VPA of children. These results are unique given their magnitude and clinical relevance. Targeting fathers together with their children might be a novel and potential intervention strategy to improve overall physical activity levels, however, further efforts should however be made to target children’s MPA and VPA. Last, replicating these findings in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) is recommended for future research.

Trial registration number:

This study is registered as a clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov, ID number: NCT04590755, date: 19/10/2020).