bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical characterization of synclinal spring water of Taoura, region of Souk Ahras – North East Algeria
Authors: Bouhafs Fatma , Laraba Abdelaziz
Published: November 2023

The springs of the Taoura region flow from a syncline shaped structure. All resources in the region were mobilized as a result of increased demand. However, the development of anthropic activities and population growth in the area pose risk for groundwater. Analytical results obtained from a series of samplings in November 2017–April 2018, express the quality of water suitable for the irrigation of agricultural land. The highest values are recorded in April 2018 at 20.5 to 21.6°C and pH of 8.0 to 8.2. The study recorded high electrical conductivity from 1390 to 1495 μS·cm–1 and TDS from 1270 to 1500 mg·dm–3 in November 2017, which shows important mineralization that characterizes spring water. Physical parameters were measured in situ using a HORIBA multi-parameter probe. Chemical analyses were carried out using NFT 90-005 titration, and nitrogen parameters by DIN 38405-D92 spectrophotometry. Maximum levels of nitrates and phosphates were recorded at 228 and 18.4 mg·dm–3 respectively. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed a good correlation of the November 2017 period with mineralization parameters. Moreover, there is a strong correlation between the wet period and pollution factors. The two methods of analysis has allowed to distinguish three groups of geochemical water types: a bicarbonate calcium group typical for waters having transited in carbonate horizons. A second chloride calcium group shows basic exchange between water and clay levels, and the third chloride bicarbonate calcium group reveals an enrichment in calcium and chloride, which reflects water circulation with an exchange of the carbonated and evaporitic sedimentary rock matrix.
The best synthetic unit hydrograph for peak discharge analysis Case: The Bengawan Solo River, section Dengkeng–Pusur
Authors: Sirait Nova D. , Sobriyah  , Hadiani Rintis , Ikhsan Cahyono
Published: November 2023

This paper aims to analyse the flood discharge based on the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH), using the Soil Conservation Service method (SCS), the SUH of Nakayasu method, and the SUH of Gama I method. Modelling formed the basis of the research conducted on the Bengawan Solo River, Indonesia. The embankment construction on the Dengkeng–Pusur Section was designed as a method of flood control in 1988. The problem was that around its location are densely populated cities, industrial areas, and agricultural areas. In order to measure the risk of embankment failure and water structure planning in general, it is necessary to analyse the maximum flood discharge. There are several methods for analysing maximum flood discharge, so finding a suitable method is essential due to the lack of measuring tools to calculate flood discharge in some areas. The calculation is compared with the observation data at the Serenan AWLR station, which is in the Dengkeng–Pusur section. The observation rainfall data was covered a 20 year period (1999–2018). According to the method used, the analysis is based on series data on four rainfall stations, the watershed characteristics, and other parameters. Furthermore, the maximum flood discharge from the calculation is compared with the observational data at the Serenan station. The result shows that the best SUH is Gama I method compared to the observation maximum flood discharge in AWLR Serenan Station, with an 8.0% error. The other method, the SUH Nakayasu method with a 16.6% error, and the SUH SCS method with a 39.5% error.
Weather drought index prediction using the support vector regression in the Ansegmir Watershed, Upper Moulouya, Morocco
Authors: Bekri My Hachem , El Hmaidi Abdellah , Ousmana Habiba , El Faleh El Mati , Berrada Mohamed , El Aissaoui Kamal , Essahlaoui Ali , El Ouali Abdelhadi
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop mathematical models based on artificial intelligence: Models based on the support vectors regression (SVR) for drought forecast in the Ansegmir watershed (Upper Moulouya, Morocco). This study focuses on the prediction of the temporal aspect of the two drought indices (standardized precipitation index – SPI and standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index – SPEI) using six hydro-climatic variables relating to the period 1979–2013. The model SVR3-SPI: RBF, ε = 0.004, C = 20 and γ = 1.7 for the index SPI, and the model SVR3-SPEI: RBF ε = 0.004, C = 40 and γ = 0.167 for the SPEI index are significantly better in comparison to other models SVR1, SVR2 and SVR4. The SVR model for the SPI index gave a correlation coefficient of R = 0.92, MSE = 0.17 and MAE = 0.329 for the learning phase and R = 0.90, MSE = 0.18 and MAE = 0.313 for the testing phase. As for the SPEI index, the overlay is slightly poorer only in the case of the SPI index between the observed values and the predicted ones by the SVR model. It shows a very small gap between the observed and predicted values. The correlation coefficients R = 0.88 for the learning, R = 0.86 for testing remain higher and corresponding to a quadratic error average MSE = 0.21 and MAE = 0.351 for the learning and MSE = 0.21 and MAE = 0.350 for the testing phase. The prediction of drought by SVR model remain useful and would be extremely important for drought risk management.
Water demand time series forecast by autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) co-integration model
Authors: Telfah Duaa B. , Louzi Nawal , AlBashir Tala M.
Published: November 2023

This article examines the short- and long-run effects of water price, system input, income, temperature on domestic water demand for Amman area over the period of 1980–2012. An empirical, dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model for water demand is developed on a yearly basis. This approach is capable of testing and analysing the dynamic relationship with time series data using a single equation regressions. Results show the ability of the model to predicting future trends (short- and long-run association). The main results indicate that water demand in limited water environment is partially captured in the long-run by the amount of water reaching the customer. The short- and long-run elasticities of water price (–0.061, –0.028) and high temperature (0.023, 0.054) indicate inelastic behaviour on water demand both in short- and long-run, while the lagged water price has a significant effect on demand. Income represented by gross domestic product (GDP) slightly affects water consumption in the long-run and insignificantly in the short-run (0.24, 0.24). Water consumption is strongly linked to consumption habits measured by lagged billed amount 0.35, and is strongly linked to amount of supplied water both in short- and long-run (0.47, 0.53). These results suggest that water needs should be satisfied first to allow controlling water demand through a good pricing system. Moreover, the association identified between demand and water system input, and the lesser elasticities of water price and other explanatory variables confirm the condition of water deficit in Amman area and Jordan. The results could be rolled out to similar cities suffering scarce water resources with arid and semi-arid weather conditions.
Modeling the hydrodynamic interactions between the river morphology and navigation channel operations
Authors: Badawy Neveen Abdel-Mageed , El-Hazek Alaa Nabil , Elsersawy Hossam Mohamed , Mohammed Ebtesam Rezk
Published: November 2023

The Nile River is the main route for inland navigation in Egypt. The vessels navigating through inland waterways generate complex physical forces that need to be studied extensively. Quantifying the effects of vessels sailing along a waterway is a complex problem because the river flow is unsteady and the river bathymetry is irregular. This paper aims to investigate the hydrodynamic effects resulting from the movement of vessels such as return currents around the vessel, the draw down of the water surface, under keel clearance, and the shear stress induced by vessels operating in the Nile River. Modeling such effects has been performed by applied the two-dimensional ADH (adaptive hydraulics) model to a river reach for different navigation channel operation scenarios. The obtained results show that the draw down heights, the water fluctuation, and the shear stress magnitude are larger when the river cross sectionals are narrow and the shallow water depths. These river sections are considered more disposed to bed erosion and it is morphologically unsafe. The section having the narrowest width and the lowest depth was associated with the largest drawdown percentages of 98.3% and 87.3% in one-way and two-way scenarios. While the section having the widest width and the largest depth was associated with the least drawdown percentages of 48.5% and 51.9% in one-way and two-way scenarios. The section having the narrowest width and the lowest depth was associated with the largest fluctuations of 22.0 cm and 41.9 cm in one-way and two-way scenarios. While the section having the widest width and the largest depth was associated with the least fluctuations of 0.6 cm and 1.8 cm in one-way and two-way scenarios. The section having the narrowest width and the lowest depth was the worst section for under keel clearance of 5.0 cm and 33.3 cm in one-way and two-way scenarios. While the section having the widest width and the largest depth was the best section, where its clearance values were 183.2 cm and 155.0 cm in one-way and two-way scenarios. It is concluded that a numerical model is a valuable tool for predicting and quantifying the hydrodynamic effects of vessels moving through a two-dimensional flow field and can be used to evaluate different scenarios that are difficult to measure in the field or a physical model. Also, it provides visualization products that help us understand the complicated forces produced by vessels moving in a navigation channel.
Impact of point source pollutants on the distribution of selected water parameters in the Vistula River in Puławy, Poland
Authors: Jakubiak Mateusz , Bojarski Bartosz
Published: November 2023

Human activities have a complex and multidimensional impact on water quality. The concentration of inhabitants, production and services intensifies influence of urban agglomerations on water in rivers. Among many sources of surface water pollution, the most important are sewage discharges. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of point discharge of treated industrial and municipal wastewater on the distribution of selected water chemical parameters in the Vistula River in Puławy. The studies were carried out in 2018–2019. Samplings were collected in five sampling points and tested in the hydrochemical laboratory. The obtained data were statistically analysed to investigate differences between the sampling points. The negative impact of wastewater discharge on the water quality in the Vistula was found. However, the pollution level decreased with the flow of the river. The parameters tested at measurement point located 1200 m below the discharge approached the values recorded above the sewage outfall. The presented observations of changes in the concentration of pollutants indicate the self-purification capacity of a river. However, for each watercourse flowing through urbanized areas, it is an individual feature. It depends on a number of factors and requires regular monitoring studies taking into account hydrochemical analysis of watercourses.
Investigation and calibration of thermal and salinity layering in surface water resources using Ce-Qual-W2 model
Authors: Chen Tzu-Chia , Yu Shu-Yan , Wang Chang-Ming , Xie Sen , Barazandeh Hanif
Published: November 2023

In the discussion of water quality control, the first and most effective parameter that affects other variables and water quality parameters is the temperature situation and water temperature parameters that control many ecological and chemical processes in reservoirs. Additionally, one of the most important quality parameters studied in the quality of water resources of dams and reservoirs is the study of water quality in terms of salinity. The salinity of the reservoirs is primarily due to the rivers leading into them. The control of error in the reservoirs is always considered because the outlet water of the reservoirs, depending on the type of consumption, should always be standard in terms of salinity. Therefore, in this study, using the available statistics, the Ce-Qual-W2 two-dimensional model was used to simulate the heat and salinity layering of the Latyan Dam reservoir. The results showed that with warming and shifting from spring to late summer, the slope of temperature changes at depth increases and thermal layering intensifies, and a severe temperature difference occurs at depth. The results of sensitivity analysis also showed that by decreasing the wind shear coefficient (WSC), the reservoir water temperature increases, so that by increasing or decreasing the value of this coefficient by 0.4, the average water temperature by 0.56°C changes inversely, and the results also show that by increasing or decreasing the value of the shade coefficient by 0.85, the average water temperature changes by about 7.62°C, directly.
The benefits of synthetic or natural hydrogels application in agriculture: An overview article
Authors: Grabowska-Polanowska Beata , Garbowski Tomasz , Bar-Michalczyk Dominika , Kowalczyk Agnieszka
Published: November 2023

In recent years, a growing problem of water deficit has been observed, which is particularly acute for agriculture. To alleviate the effects of drought, hydrogel soil additives – superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) – can be helpful. The primary objective of this article was to present a comparison of the advantages resulting from the application of synthetic or natural hydrogels in agriculture. The analysis of the subject was carried out based on 129 articles published between 1992 and 2020. In the article, the advantages of the application of hydrogel products in order to improve soil quality, and crop growth. Both kinds of soil amendments (synthetic and natural) similarly improve the yield of crops. In the case of natural origin polymers, a lower cost of preparation and a shorter time of biodegradation are indicated as the main advantage in comparison to synthetic polymers, and greater security for the environment.
Extraction and application of bottom sediments in a closed cycle
Authors: Mazur Kamila , Eymontt Andrzej , Wierzbicki Krzysztof
Published: November 2023

Human activities in relation to aquatic ecosystems result in significant economic losses in the form of contamination of water sources, deteriorating its quality and therefore its availability in lakes, water bodies and even in soil. Hence the need for systematic revitalisation or reclamation of water ecosystems. Such actions, in order to be rational, require a detailed understanding of the causes, and then the use of appropriate technology. The need for the above-mentioned actions result from the weather changes that have been noticeable in recent years, as well as environmental pollutants increasing water eutrophication in reservoirs and stimulating the development of some species of cyanobacteria. These cyanobacteria can cause serious water poisoning, especially in water supply systems. Therefore, a rational, comprehensive technology for the removal of bottom sediments and their processing into organic and mineral fertiliser has been developed with properties similar to manure. It also creates opportunities to improve the structure of soils thanks to the supply of organic carbon, the loss of which was found, among others, in also in soils of Poland and EU. These new possibilities of revitalisation hitherto unknown make it possible to a large extent, compliance with environmental requirements when revitalising water reservoirs and soil.
Statistical analysis of groundwater quality at Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate
Authors: Dinka Megersa Olumana
Published: November 2023

Quality assessment of shallow groundwater table is very important because it is the water that recharges deeper aquifers and constantly feeds the water levels of our surface streams and wetlands. Continuous monitoring of large number of quality parameters is essential for effective maintenance of water quality through appropriate control measures. However, it is very difficult and laborious task for regular monitoring of all the parameters even if adequate manpower and laboratory facilities are available. Therefore, this study presents the statistical analysis of physico- chemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, Na, K, Ca, Mg, HCO3, Cl, CO3, SO4, TH, B, F) using correlation and Principal Component Analysis. The statistical analysis of the groundwater quality variables indicated that most of the variables are highly correlated. The strong correlation is an opportunity to develop a regression equation and monitor using few parameters. This provides an easy and rapid method of continuous groundwater quality monitoring. Moreover, groundwater of the area showed significant compositional variation. The compositional variability has implications for the source and origin of groundwater quality in the study area.
The effect of various irrigation technologies and strategies on water resources management
Authors: Dwijendra Ngakan Ketut Acwin , Salih Mahmood Salih , Opulencia Maria Jade Catalan , Morozova Larisa , Sergushina Elena S. , Asnan Muhammad Noor , Kadhim Mustafa Mohammed , Kavitha Manoharan
Published: November 2023

Today, the uncontrolled abstraction of surface water and groundwater resources has created adverse consequences, which include: extinction of living organisms, land subsidence, salinity of coastal aquifers, increased pumping energy. Therefore, the need to manage available water resources is felt more than ever. Among the various water uses (agriculture, drinking, and industry), agriculture accounts for the bulk of water consumption. Due to the climate change and the growing population, determining the appropriate strategy and technology for irrigation is necessary. In the current study, a simulation model is used to numerically simulate the dynamics of daily soil moisture during the potato crop growing season and to estimate crop production and economic benefits. For climatic data, daily observations of a meteorological station have been used. Results and analyses have been presented for all cases of micro and traditional irrigation methods and agricultural management strategies of non-stress irrigation, low irrigation, and rainfed cultivation. The results showed that in the non-stress irrigation method, crop production and net profit are almost equal in both traditional and micro methods. In the low irrigation method, microtechnology has made crop production and net profit 1.75 times more than traditional technology, which indicates the impact of irrigation technology on crop production.
Optimising water resources management by Using Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) in the West of Iraq
Authors: Abdulhameed Isam Mohammed , Sulaiman Sadeq Oleiwi , Najm Abu Baker Ahmed , Al-Ansari Nadhir
Published: November 2023

Iraq has been suffering from decreasing Euphrates discharge due to the construction of dams within upstream countries and the use of surface irrigation systems. The country is facing a problem with meeting the increasing demand for water as a result of population growth and development in the industrial and agricultural sectors. Therefore, a simulation modelling was applied for western Iraq (Ramadi city as a case study) using the Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP) for the period 2018–2035. This research follows a four-step approach that involves: (i) evaluating the available water of the Euphrates River under declined water imports caused by the construction of dams in Turkey and Syria, (ii) assessing present and future water demands of the domestic, industrial, and agricultural sectors, (iii) improving water productivity (WP) by means of saving more water, (iv) estimating the economic returns under improved water use. The results showed that Iraq would face a serious problem in the coming years, represented by the limited storage of Haditha Dam, which is considered the strategic water storage site for the central and southern regions of Iraq. The study indicated the necessity of finding alternative sources of water supply by adopting new water management strategies to reduce the water deficit.
Land Use/Land Cover change detection in the wetlands. A case study: Al-Aba Oasis, west of Ras Tanura, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Chouari Walid
Published: November 2023

In addition to unthinking anthropogenic meddling with the subtle ecological balance, the territories of Al-Aba Oasis are witnessing various Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes. Comprehending LULC is a central facet of upholding a sustainable, friendly, and fit environment. This paper presents a spatiotemporal study of land use and land cover trends in the wetlands of Al-Aba Oasis, an ecologically sensitive area in the west of Ras Tanura in the east of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study area faces several environmental problems, including the rise in groundwater levels, expansion of agricultural land, urban expansion, and anthropogenic interference with the ecological balance. In this paper, a verified representation of the changes in each LULC class has been made using satellite images. Remote sensing imagery is helpful for studying temporal changes in LULC and providing environmental monitoring data. We analysed Landsat-5 and Sentinel-2 imagery for 1985, 2000, and 2021. The overall precision besides the kappa coefficient for precision assessment indicates the relevance of the LULC classification. LULC map products were overlaid and interpreted based on post-classification change detection methods. The LULC aspects were classified into six classes: water body, waterlogged area, sabkha soil, sandy area, cultivated area, and built- up area. The results prove that from 2001 to 2021, the extension of the built-up area (2.6%) and agricultural land (6.85%) is directly proportional to the population growth (36.5% between 1992 and 2004) and the sabkhas are subject to constant metamorphosis under the joint influence of urban and agricultural land expansion. 100 samples were collected for the years 1986, 2001, and 2021 to assess the accuracy. We reviewed the outcomes of this study by evaluating the accuracy (77, 81, and 84% for 1986, 2001, and 2021 respectively) and comparing the field truth using a GPS (Global Positioning System) sensor. The results of this study are useful in the development of environmental policies during the development of sustainable territorial development programmes of the oasis.
Bacterial selection of the Pseudomonas genus with the capacity to treat water and contaminated soils
Authors: Escudero-López Henry Joel , Serrano-Carrillo Karla Anabel , Jácome-Pilco Carlos Rodrigo , Sanaguano-Salguero Herminia del Rosario , Bayas-Morejón Isidro Favian
Published: November 2023

In the present work, bacteria of the Pseudomonas genus native to the Ecuadorian Amazon with the capacity to treat contaminated water and soils were selected. For this purpose, 20 soil samples from Amazon region with evidence of contamination were analysed. For identification, each sample was assigned a code according to the sampling area: Joya de los Sachas (S), Minga (M) and Siete de Julio-Shushufindi (SH). The cultures were performed in the combination of Bushnell Hass (BH) + Luria Bertani (LB) and Müeller-Hinton (MH) + Brucella agar (BA) media, all with the addition of diesel to verify their efficacy in the growth of bacteria capable of surviving in contaminated media. The combination with ideal results was that of BH + LB, by means of Gram-staining it was determined that 19 of the samples had interest microorganisms. To characterize the isolates at the species level, biochemical tests of: catalase, citrate, glucose, hemolytic activity and urease were applied, which allowed to confirm the existence of the Pseudomonas of interest. The results indicated that P. stutzeri (in samples S1 and M1), P. aeruginosa (in SH2 and SH5) and P. putida (in S7, S8, S10 and SH4) obtaining a total of 8 isolates (40%) of interest from the initial 19. With the results obtained from this work, an optimal culture method was standardized for the selection of bacteria with potential for treating contaminated soils and water.
Study of dam sediment distribution using experimental area-reduction method Case study: Karun Dam
Authors: Yusuf Rakhmat , Komariah Aan , Kurniady Dedy Achmad , Mardiani Mardiani , Jumintono Jumintono , Falih Khaldoon T. , Kabanov Oleg V. , Aravindhan Surendar , Kadhim Mustafa Mohammed
Published: November 2023

Dam construction is one of the measures that is inevitable in many cases and must be done to supply drinking water, agricultural uses and electricity generation. There are many challenges to a successful dam project, and the managers of each project must consider the appropriate solutions for them. One of the studies that is done in dam design is sedimentation in dam reservoirs. The experimental area-reduction method is a very common technique that obtains the sediment distribution in depth and longitudinal profile. This technique shows that sediment accumulation is not limited to the bottom reservoirs. Sediment accumulation in a reservoir is usually distributed below the top of the protection reservoir or normal water level. In this study, the distribution of sediment in the reservoir of Karun Dam after a period of 65 years has been done using the experimental area-reduction method. Elevation–volume and elevation–area curves of the dam reservoir are obtained after the useful life of the dam and sediment deposition. The results showed that after 65 years, 106.47·10 6 m 3 of sediment is deposited in the reservoir of the dam and the useful volume of the reservoir is significantly reduced. Also, up to a height of 36.4 m, the dam reservoir is filled with sediment. Therefore, no valve should be placed up to this height.
Technological improvement of the Sorghum saccharatum syrup production by membrane technologies
Authors: Chibrikov Vadym , Vakuliuk Polina , Hryhorenko Nataliia , Gunko Sergiy , Sobczuk Henryk
Published: November 2023

Easy-to-handle and effective methods of juice clarification and concentration by membrane technologies are still under exploration. The current article presents results of research on the technological development of an alternative natural sweetener of high biological value and improved organoleptic properties. Sorghum saccharatum stem juice is used in research. It is pre-clarified enzymatically with α-amylase and glucoamylase, clarified by ultrafiltration, and concentrated by the direct contact membrane distillation in various temperature ranges. The study shows the efficacy of membrane methods for improving juice purity, total soluble solids ( TSS), and total sugar (TS) content in the syrup obtained. Clarification depends on membrane characteristics at the beginning of the process, as there are no differences at the end of it. Juice concentration at high-temperature differences allows to accelerate the process by approx. 60% comparing to low-temperature differences. A lower temperature difference ( ΔТ = 20–30°С) in the concentration process results in a longer process and syrup acidisation, whereas a higher temperature difference ( ΔТ = 70°С) affects physicochemical properties of syrup due to local overheating and formation of Maillard reaction products. The juice concentration at ΔТ = 50–60°С allows to obtain high values of total soluble solids without significant degradation of physicochemical and organoleptic properties.
Compare and evaluate the performance of structural flood risk management options
Authors: Dwijendra Ngakan K.A. , Majdi Ali
Published: November 2023

One of the most important natural phenomena that causes harmful damage around the world is the occurrence of sudden and severe floods. There are various solutions to deal with floods. Among the structural measures of flood risk management, we can mention the construction of levee, detention basin, channel modification, and a combination of the mentioned measures. Manafwa is a flood-prone area in Uganda currently protected by a 6.6 m high levee. Unfortunately, the existing levee does not have ideal performance, and the probability of failure is very high. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to compare seven flood management measures in the flood-prone area of Manafwa and to select the best flood risk management proposal. These management measures are: 1) construction of a levee with a height of 6.5 m, 2) construction of a levee with a height of 7 m, 3) construction of a levee with a height of 7.5 m, 4) construction of a levee with a height of 8 m, 5) channel modification, 6) detention basin and 7) a combination of structural measures of channel modification and detention basin. The results show that although building a levee with a height of 8 m is more expensive than other options, but it reduces the expected annual flood damage to about USD30.5 thous.
Hydrography, hydrochemistry and composition of sapropel of Shatsk Lakes
Authors: Khilchevskyi Valentyn , Ilyin Leonid , Pasichnyk Mykhailo , Zabokrytska Myroslava , Ilyina Olga
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the study presented in the article is to implement modern hydrographic characteristics of freshwater of the Shatsk Lakes (28 lakes in Volyn Polissya, Ukraine) by typing water bodies according to the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive, assessment of the chemical composition of lake water and bottom sediments (sapropel), determination of the opportunity for their recreational use in the special status of the district as a national park. Despite the presence of the two large lakes (Svityaz – 26.2 km 2 and Pulemetske – 15.5 km 2), very small lakes with a water surface area of less than 0.5 km 2 (64%) are dominating in the Shatsk group. Mineralisation of calcium-hydrocarbonate lake waters is 115–303 mg∙dm –3 and calcium-sulphate aqueous extract of sapropel is – 318–1451 mg∙dm –3. Using a Piper diagram, it was found that there is genetic homogeneity between surface and groundwater, indicating a significant share of groundwater in the water supply of lakes. There are eight species of sapropel deposits in 19 lakes of the district. A wide range of chemical composition and physical and mechanical properties of sapropel deposits of the Shatsk Lakes allow us to consider them as an important resource for agriculture and industry. We found that sapropel from Shatsk Lakes meets the requirements for therapeutic mud and can be used for therapeutic and health purposes.
Modifications in aquaculture technology for increasing fishpond’s primary productivity in temperate climatic conditions
Authors: Kolek Ludmiła , Irnazarow Ilgiz
Published: November 2023

Aquaculture plays a great role in producing foodstuffs, sustaining inland capture fisheries and providing employment. The key to future development in pond aquaculture is diversification of production technology, intensity, and function connected to increasing the environmental value of pond areas. New production systems involve a combination of intensive and extensive pond culture, increasing productivity and improving nutrient utilisation and fish species diversification. The most important principle of these systems is the possibility to use the wastes from intensive aquaculture as the input for extensive, environment-friendly fish production. These systems were proven to be profitable and sustainable in tropical and subtropical areas. However, for temperate climatic conditions, such data are scarce. For this reason, we decided to discuss modifications that, in our opinion, can be applied in an extensive part of the integrated intensive-extensive system in temperate climatic conditions in order to increase the overall productivity of the pond aquaculture.
The removal efficiency and reaction mechanism of the aluminum coagulant on phenolic compounds in the presence of hardness salts
Authors: Hecini Lynda , Boukerker Hassen , Kherifi Wahida , Mellah Abdelkarim , Achour Samia
Published: November 2023

This study is the evaluation of the coagulation efficiency of the aluminum sulfate on the removal of catechol and pyrogallol. The study has focused on the impact of inorganic components of hardness Algerian waters. Jar-test trials were conducted on the two phenolic compounds dissolved in distilled water only, which was later enriched with minerals. Several reaction parameters varied, including the effect of pH and the influence of the salt content, and this approach yielded a better understanding of interaction between phenolic compounds and calcium/magnesium salts. The results indicate that the process efficiency depends on the number and position of OH in molecules. The main mechanisms would be either a physical adsorption, an exchange of ligand, or complexation on the floc surface of aluminum hydroxide. Moreover, the addition of inorganic salts appears to improve removal efficiency of tested phenolic compounds and have an effect on the optimal pH range for coagulation.
On the Use of Past Participle Forms in Oẓon-oẓaǩ bala saǩ (“Quite a Long Childhood”) by Mostay Kärim
Authors: Chernev Viacheslav
Published: November 2023

The present paper considers the novel O?on-o?ak bala sak ("Quite a Long Childhood" or "A Long, Long Childhood") by Mostay / Mostaj Karim or Mustay Karim, if transliterated from Russian (1919-2005), a prominent Bashkir writer, poet, publicist and playwright, whose contribution to the Bashkir literature has been honoured with the title of the People's Poet of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Apart from the fact that the work under consideration is within the scope of the author's current research, the reason for choosing exactly this piece of M. Karim's literary work is that it is perhaps the first and best known example of an autobiographic novel written in Bashkir. This fact in turn implies that this novel is a valuable object of linguistic and cultural research.
Śāntarakṣita and Kamalaśīla on the Cārvāka/Lokāyata aphorism: ‘from these, consciousness’ (tebhyaś caitanyam)
Authors: Kania Stanisław Jan
Published: November 2023

Once flourishing in the early medieval India, the materialist Carvaka/Lokayata tradition of philosophy vanished centuries ago leaving mere bits from their foundational sutra, and from a few commentaries thereon. These are scattered in the works of their opponents, hence the winding path to reconstructing the Carvaka/Lokayata thought necessarily begins with evaluating the reliability of the source material. This paper deals with the problem of the brief account of two interpretations of the Carvaka/Lokayata aphorism: 'from these, consciousness', recorded by the 8th-century Buddhist authors Śantarak�ita and Kamalaśfla in the Lokâyata-parfk$a Chapter XXII of the Tattva-sańgraha(-pañjika), critically edited by the author of the present paper.
On the Legacy of Asma Jahangir (1952–2018) – Insights on Political Power Mechanisms in Pakistan and Beyond
Authors: Badry Roswitha
Published: November 2023

Asma Jahangir, the prominent Pakistani lawyer and human rights activist, who had received several awards for her courageous work, passed away on February 11, 2018. Her untimely death at the age of 66 was mourned by a wide public, not only in Pakistan. The newspaper obituaries particularly highlighted her accomplishments and campaigns on behalf of women, children, religious minorities, poor and disenfranchised communities. The deceased “voice of the voiceless” is probably best known for her advocacy on the rights of the most vulnerable and disempowered sections of society and her uncompromising commitment to democratic principles. However, another aspect of Asma Jahangir’s legacy, her thoughts and insights on political power mechanisms in Pakistan and beyond, has so far been rather neglected. With her long-term experience as a lawyer, an activist, and a UN Special Rapporteur, Asma Jahangir often offered useful reflections on the main causes of human rights abuses in Pakistan and the neighbouring countries. Among other things, she pointed to the detrimental effects of the politics of sectarianization and securitization, and also stressed the ongoing aspiration of a great part of the population in the global South to live a dignified life. On the basis of selected publications, reports, and interviews, this paper will provide a number of Asma Jahangir’s explanations for national, regional, and international shortcomings and structural problems (fragile democracies, undermined rule of law; the influence of militant non-state actors; regional/international interconnections and constraints, etc.) which remain relevant under the current conditions.
A Battle or a Campaign? Historical Facts about the Battle of Al-Qādisiyya (636/637?) and the Role of Story-tellers in the Origin of its Narratives
Authors: Kościelniak Krzysztof
Published: November 2023

The paper presents how the pluralism of relations in the early Muslim sources concerning the memory the Qādisiyya narrative is problematic for reconstructing the event of the battle by modern scholars. Specific studies of the early Islamic sources concerning the Battle of Al-Qādisiyya lead to the conclusion that it is certainly easier to interpret the functions of particular topoi than to determinate the facts about the Maʿrakat al-Qādisiyya. The main, unsolved questions related to the Qādisiyyah narrative are the uncertainty of the date of the battle, the size of the Muslim and Persian forces that fought in the Maʿrakat al-Qādisiyya as well as some contradictions and different presentations of the battle. Scholars have undertaken many attempts to make the conflicting accounts more coherent but in fact, they only made some speculations or, at the best, case scenario – explanations made on the basis of limited and uncertain evidence. For these reasons, the paper contains the suggestion to avoid an undue emphasis on the importance of the Maʿrakat al-Qādisiyya and to replace this term by the more general expression “the Mesopotamian campaign 634–637.” The critical evaluation of the Muslim sources leads to a more general description of the Battle of Al-Qādisiyya as an element of the campaign (stage 634–637) whose unambiguous evaluation is impossible.
Aramaic Deeds of the 5th century B.C. Loan at Compound Interest and Delivery Contract
Authors: Lipiński Edward
Published: November 2023

The article examines two Aramaic contracts found on the island Elephantine and dating from the early fifth century B.C. The first one is a loan contract providing for payment of compound interest on silver lent: interest not paid timely is to be added to the capital and itself becomes interest-bearing at the same rate until actual repayment. If this is not done at an agreed date, the remaining debt is doubled. The second contract concerns delivery of barley and lentils from a ship to a royal store-house deserving a garrison. The parties are the ship-officer and functionaries acting on behalf of the store-house, where barley and lentils are supposed to be brought. It is a contract of delivery combining its acceptation on the ship and the foreseen completion of the contract in the store-house with expected financial results. Both contracts refer to silver “by the stone-weights of Ptah” and record its alloy.
Le berbère en Occident musulman aux époques almoravide et mérinide: quelques notules historico-philologiques
Authors: Meouak Mohamed
Published: November 2023

This paper is based on examining a limited number of Arab–Berber sources whose main objective is to highlight that the Muslim West (Maghreb – al-Andalus) constituted a multilingual geographical space. First, I will look at the question of the Almoravids and the mastery of languages in a context of power. Then, I will raise the question of the linguistic skills of the sovereigns in al-Andalus. After this, I will give some details on the Berber language in the Marinid Maghreb. Finally, I will propose some brief conclusions of a provisional nature, emphasizing the interest of the study of linguistic uses and cultural contacts in the Muslim West in the Middle Ages.
Présence nord-coréenne à Pékin: étude de cas
Authors: Levi Nicolas
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this article is to present and count the North Korean population living in Beijing. The North Korean people in Beijing do not constitute a united community but rather citizens from the same country who are in transit in the Chinese capital. The spatial dimensions of residence of North Koreans in Beijing and the issue of North Korean refugees based in the Chinese capital are emphasized in this paper.
ʽĪšɛ in light of her idiolect
Authors: Oueslati Jamila
Published: November 2023

The aim of this article is to characterize some lingual traits of the dialect spoken by ʽĪšɛ with regards to some selected socio-cultural aspects. ʽĪšɛ is a woman of more than one hundred years old, living in one of the villages of Testour district in North West Tunisia, accidently discovered by a Tunisian TV program in 2018. The examination being conducted here shows before all how ʽĪšɛ’s idiolect is strongly rooted in her geo-cultural environment, lingually and socially. Both similarities and differences between ʽĪšɛ’s idiolect and the General Tunisian as well as some other Tunisian dialects are also observed. What is more, ʽĪšɛ’s idiolect, living and intelligible beyond the boundaries of Tunisia up to present days, has stood thus the communicative test of time.
Religious Ideology in the Gəʿəz Epigraphic Corpus from Yemen
Authors: Hatke George
Published: November 2023

In the aftermath of their invasion of the South Arabian kingdom of Ḥimyar in 525 CE, the Aksumites of Ethiopia erected a series of inscriptions in Gəʿəz documenting the invasion. Although these inscriptions survive in very fragmentary condition, enough is preserved to indicate that the Aksumites presented their victorious campaign in religious terms, often quoting passages from the Bible. This manner of presentation provides insight into how the Aksumites conceived of themselves and their military venture in Ḥimyar, an undertaking that, while motivated by strategic concerns, had strong religious overtones in that it pitted Christian Aksumites against Ḥimyarite Jews. At the same time, the Aksumites took pains to emphasize their Ethiopian identity in this corpus of inscriptions, as evidenced by the fact that the inscriptions in question were composed in Gəʿəz, the Ethiosemitic lingua franca of Aksum, rather than in the local Sabaic language. That these inscriptions may have been erected as parts of symbolic stone thrones, as were similar Aksumite inscriptions erected elsewhere, would also have served to emphasize the Ethiopian identity of Ḥimyar’s conquerors. Thus, to the extent that the Aksumites identified with the Israelites, they saw themselves as an Israel in a Christian, Ethiopian guise.
Profile of High-Order Thinking Skills of Physics Teacher Prospective Students at the Cognitive Level of Evaluation and Creation
Authors: Nasir Muhammad , Afkar Rian
Published: November 2023

High order thinking skills require not only the ability to remember, but also other higher abilities such as critical and creative thinking. These thinking skills are very important for teacher candidates to have as a provision for teaching in schools in the future. The research objective was to determine the profile of high order thinking skills of physics teacher prospective students at cognitive levels evaluation and creation. This research uses descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were 50 students of Physics Education Department UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh who had programmed Basic Physics 1 course. Data was collected by giving written tests of description questions with evaluation and creation cognitive levels. The results of the data analysis showed that subjects had low high order thingking skills in solving evaluation questions and very low high order thingking skills in solving creation questions. At evaluation level, the subjects have not been able to apply a known concept to solve the problems. At creation level, the subjects have not been able to connect the problems in the questions with the physics concepts must be used. Therefore, students must be accustomed to giving high order thinking questions in the learning process in class. Lecturers must also use appropriate learning methods to improve students' high order thinking skills.
The Influence of Democratic Parenting and Self-Regulated Learning on Students’ Academic Procrastination in Ngaglik
Authors: Mujidin Mujidin , Rustam Husnul Khotimah , Salsabella Difa Sefira
Published: November 2023

Procrastination can cause significant problems and disrupt the education systems of high school students, including those at State Senior High School 1 Ngaglik. This study examines the influence of democratic parenting and self-regulated learning on students’ academic procrastination. We performed this quantitative study using a cluster-random sampling technique. Three measurement tools were used: academic procrastination scale, democratic parenting scale, and self-regulated learning scale. In total, 86 participants completed the survey. Data analysis used analyze multiple regression on SPSS. The findings support our initial hypothesis that democratic parenting and self-regulated learning significantly influence academic procrastination. However, the coefficient value of democratic parenting styles’ influence on academic procrastination was greater than 0.01 (0.245), indicating that the first minor hypothesis is unsupported. The subsequent minor hypothesis testing shows a coefficient value of -0.366 0.01, indicating that self-regulated learning has a significant positive influence on academic procrastination. This finding becomes the basis for explaining how self-regulated learning could contribute to lowering students’ academic procrastination. Increasing self-regulated learning behavior could motivate students to improve their cognitive and problem-solving skills. We believe that the findings from this research still require more exploration from future studies.
DESAIN ANTARMUKA SISTEM RESERVASI ANTRIAN BANK (LOGO BANK) BERBASIS WEBSITE
Authors: Berlin Pratama  , I Ketut Gede Suhartana  , Ida Bagus Gede Dwidasmara
Published: November 2023

Mengantri di bank seringkali menjadi suatu hal kecil yang menimbulkan masalah. Lamanya mendapatkan pelayanan bergantung pada nomor antrian yang kita dapatkan, begitu pula dengan nomor antrian yang bergantung pada waktu kedatangan kita dan jumlah orang yang lebih dulu menunggu pelayanan sebelum kita. Hal itu membuat orang yang terburu-buru ataupun tak mempunyai banyak waktu menjadi bingung untung mendapatkan pelayanan dan seringkali memilih untuk membatalkan transaksi karena waktu yang terbuang saat menunggu antrian dipanggil begitu lama. Berkembangnya teknologi membuat bank berinovasi dengan menghadirkan suatu sistem yang membuat kita dapat melakukan reservasi layanan untuk mendapatkan nomor antrian lebih dahulu tanpa harus datang lebih awal ke bank. Bahkan, untuk transaksi yang akan datang pada kunjungan selanjutnya. Nasabah tak perlu lagi terburu-buru datang ke bank untuk mendapatkan nomor antrian lebih awal dan dapat menentukan tanggal serta waktu kedatangannya sendiri melalui website reservasi antrian bank ini.