bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hosts and Higher Powers: Asylum Requests and Sovereignty
Authors: Isayev Elena
Published: May 2023

Asylum appeals, by their nature, constitute the ‘host’ through pointing to the existence of bodies positioned external to it. Yet, the negotiations for refuge also expose the ambiguity of who the host is. This chapter begins by investigating how ancient appeals for asylum reveal different understandings of sovereignty and the conflict between its ideal and its practice. It explores the way people who are forcibly displaced are involved in the recognition, invocation, interdependence and interference of sovereign practice. It also touches on current perplexities of sovereignty: of Palestine, the Aceh Fishermen and the Aboriginal Tent Embassy. Ancient sources have a deep interest in the tensions of authorities seeking to balance obligations to people, asylum seekers, and higher powers such as the gods (whose role has affinities with today’s United Nations). These tensions become acute during moments of pressure, as the polis emerges, explores democracy or is threatened by Alexander the Great. Hospitality decision-making marks the boundary between civic society and the international community, confronting the space between civil and human rights. Here the perplexities of sovereignty are revealed, not only for the host, but for those – citizen-strangers, the stateless or people with non-effective citizenship – whose existence lies seemingly beyond the possibilities of sovereign action
‘Staple of the Contemporary Music Scene’: Roberto Gerhard in Geopolitical Perspective
Authors: Balibrea Mari Paz
Published: May 2023

This chapter explores how the development of Gerhard’s career and conceptualization of the social role of music in mid-century post-Second World War Britain was shaped by Cold War geopolitical discourses that made culture the central ground of political struggle. Gerhard took part in explicitly ideological cultural debates at key historical intersections of the twentieth century. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, while in Berlin in Weimar Germany as a student of Schoenberg, and during the Spanish Second Republic (1931–9) his work as an intellectual and musician embraced the political role of culture and art in the fight against fascism and for the advance of the popular classes. In the post-war period, this important political role was re-signified to accommodate the geopolitics of the Cold War, which had shifted the definition of democratic values vis à vis their enemies, from fascism to communism. Cultural producers like Gerhard, whose trajectories dated back to the 1920s and came from an open commitment to leftist antifascist politics, had to navigate, from their own localities, this transcendental shift. It is evidence of this ‘navigation’ in Gerhard’s exile production in England that this chapter explores.
Alpine Connections: Iron Age Mobility in the Po Valley and the Circum-Alpine Regions
Authors: Cicolani Veronica , Zamboni Lorenzo
Published: May 2023

Current research on the Iron Age north and south of the Alps provides new evidence of increasing interaction and complexity, involving settlement nucleation, social differentiation, and a wide trade network. Within this framework, mobility of objects, individuals, and groups appears a key phenomenon. This paper explores the role of northwestern Italy as a node in relations between the Mediterranean and Temperate Europe, offering a critical review of the archaeological evidence of mobility and interaction. We question the traditional culture-history approach that interpreted Golasecca-type fibulae and ornaments across the Alps as evidence of individual mobility, linked to exogamous strategies. Similarly, Hallstatt and La Tène objects found in northern Italy are seen as signs of Gallic invasion. The aim of this paper is to take a fresh look at traditional markers and approaches for the identification of human mobility in the Iron Age, addressing theoretical issues on the circulation of objects and production modes, ethnic identity, and cultural métissage.
المعوقات الأبستيمولوجية لتطبيق المداخل الإدارية الغربية في إدارة الجامعات العربية والإسلامية
Authors: الغيثي د.عبدالله مبارك
Published: May 2023

حاولت هذه الدراسة توضيح معوقات تطبيق النماذج أو المداخل الإدارية الغربية في مؤسسات التعليم العالي العربية والإسلامية،التي يمكن إرجاعها ليس فقط للأسباب والمعوقات التي واجهت تطبيقها في مؤسسات التعليم العالي في بلد المنشأ(الولايات المتحدة)،وإنما لأسباب تتعلق بمرجعيتها الأبستيمولوجية التي تفتقد إلى صفة الكونية أو الموضوعية أو صفة "العلم ".وقد أبرزت هذه الدراسة قضايا ثلاث هي: اختلاف خصائص النظرية المعرفية الغربية التي أنتجت تلك المداخل الإدارية في إطارها عن خصائص النظرية المعرفية العربية والإسلامية،وأهم تلك الخصائص هي:نفي الغيب وعدم الاعتراف بأي دور للدين خارج النطاق الشخصي،وتالية العقل وإنكار أي مصادر أو أدوات أخرى للمعرفة،والاعتقاد المطلق في سيادة الغرب ورسالته التاريخية(عقدة الاستعلاء)،والبراجماتية المطلقة في تحديد مجالات استخدام العلوم وتطبيقاتها،والترتيب الهرمي للعلوم،وتحويل رسالة العلم إلى تمكين الأقوياء من أحكام سيطرتهم على الضعفاء من خلال الإيمان بمبدأ الصراع والبقاء للأقوى ،والإيمان بقانون التغيير والتحول الدائمين. إن الإطار الأبستيمولوجي بخصائصه أنفة الذكر في الفقرة(1)يفتقد إلى صفة العالمية أو الكونية ،وبالتالي فإن النظريات والمداخل الإدارية التي طورها الغرب لابد أن تفتقر إلى خصائص الموضوعية والكونية أو العالمية،ولأن عالمية الإطار موضع تساؤل ،فإن علامة استفهام كبيرة يجب أن توضع حول جدوى استيراد المجتمعات العربية والإسلامية للنظريات والحلول الإدارية الجاهزة. إن هناك عدد من المخاطر المترتبة على استمرار الجامعات العربية والإسلامية في استيراد المداخل الإدارية الغربية في تسيير الجامعات، وأهم تلك المخاطر: الخلط بين ما هو كوني وما هو محلي في المعرفة. تغريب العقل الإداري العربي والإسلامي. تكريس النزعة المركزية الغربية ومفهوم التطور وحيد الاتجاه. قبول البدع والصيحات الشائعة في الفكر والثقافة. تعميق ظاهرة تبعية الجامعات العربية والإسلامية العلمية والثقافية لمركز إنتاج المعرفة الغربية. إعاقة تأسيس فكر إداري عربي وإسلامي . تعميق النزعة العلموية.
Pre-skills of reading and writing in children with developmental language disorder and children with typical language development
Authors: Korlaet Mirjana , Vuković Mile , Tešić Jelena
Published: May 2023

Introduction. In addition to the development of spoken language, typical intellectual abilities, preservation of the senses of hearing and sight, phonological awareness and the ability of graphomotor expression are necessary for mastering the skills of reading and writing. With this in mind, the aim of this research is to determine the level of phonological awareness and the ability of graphomotor expression in children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and children with typical language development (TLD). Methods. The sample consisted of 46 children aged five to seven years, who were divided into two groups based on the status of speech and language abilities. The first group consisted of 23 children with DLD, and the second of 23 children with TLD. The FONT test was used to assess phonological awareness, and the Prediction Test for Dysgraphia was used to assess graphomotor abilities. Results. The results of the research show that children with DLD performed poorly on phonological awareness tasks compared to TLD children. Age proved to be a significant factor in differences in the development of phonological awareness. Achievements on the Prediction Test for Dysgraphia show that children with DLD have almost twice the weaker ability of graphomotor expression compared to TLD children. Furthermore, the research results show that there are significant differences in the level of development of graphomotor skills between children of different ages. Also, no significant difference in achievements on the Prediction Test for Dysgraphia or on the FONT test has been found in relation to gender. Conclusion. Children with developmental language disorder had significantly lower achievements on the phonological awareness test and the Prediction Test for Dysgraphia compared to children with typical language development.
The Implementation of Japanese Animation (Anime) In Advertising
Authors: Aziz Munafsin , Ong Susy
Published: May 2023

Anime has become a popular culture phenomenon in Japan and around the world. The use of anime in advertisements has become one of the most effective marketing strategies in Japan. This article discusses the use of anime in advertisements in Japan, as well as the advantages of using anime in advertisements.

This article explains the popularity of anime in Japan and how it has become a part of the country's consumer culture. Then, this article also discusses how anime is used in advertising to attract consumer attention and increase product sales.

Furthermore, this article discusses the advantages of using anime in advertisements, including being effective in reaching a young market, increasing brand appeal, and giving a more attractive and unique impression to the advertised product.

In this article, it is also explained that the use of anime in advertising can also increase consumer engagement and build an emotional connection between brands and consumers. Apart from that, this article also contains examples of advertisements using anime, both in the private and government sectors.

Anime can also help brands create positive and imaginative images that can enhance brand impressions. Overall, the use of anime in advertising in Japan has many advantages and is an effective marketing strategy.
Association between Blood Lead Levels and Heme Synthesis Process in Paint Industry Workers
Authors: Yapfrine Sharnella Janet , Oginawati Katharina , Buftheim Sonia , Ismawati Yuyun
Published: May 2023

Lead is a heavy metal that can pose various health risks to humans. One of the effects of lead exposure is the inhibition of the delta-ALAD enzyme which plays a role in the heme synthesis process. Blood lead levels and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity are considered biomarkers of lead exposure and lead toxicity respectively. The inhibition of ALAD can cause in accumulation of ALA in urine and also inhibit the heme synthesis pathway that plays a role in hemoglobin production. The present study was designed to investigate the association between the BLLs and the heme synthesis process, which is detected by the accumulation of urinary ALA (ALA-U) and decreasing hemoglobin, in paint industry workers from Indonesia. A total of 52 paint industry workers participated in this study. Blood lead was measured using ICP-MS and ALA-U was measured using spectrophotometer method. Mean blood lead was 4.213±1.6 mg/L; and 17 workers (32.7%) crossed the recommended level of 5 mg/L. Mean urinary ALA level was 3.712±2.5 mg/L; and 11 workers (11.54%) crossed the normal level of 6 mg/L but still classified as acceptable. Mean hemoglobin level was 15.273±1.03 g/L. The correlation between the BLL and ALA-U was found to be positive but not significant. Meanwhile, the correlation between the ALA-U and the hemoglobin levels was found to be negative but also not significant.
Student teacher’s prerequisite to be embodied playful presence in lessons with playful approaches to learning
Authors: Händel Vici Daphne
Published: May 2023

This qualitative study aimed to investigate student teachers embodied playful presence or absence in lessons with playful approaches to learning. The study was based on insights from theories on playfulness, embodied presence and the notion of situational constraints. A pilot design and two iterations framed by a design-based research approach was conducted and tested design principles regarding playful learning, physical activity and digital materials. Through a hermeneutic phenomenological approach, the analysis focuses first on the students’ negotiation or renegotiation of engaging in playful approaches to learning, second, on the students embodied playful presence or absence in playful lessons and third, on the student’s prerequisite of engaging in playful lessons. The analysis revealed that traditions, habits and practices within the current educational system affected the student teachers’ embodied playful presence because the student teachers were preoccupied with the performativity indicators and reaching specific curricular goals, thus making the playful open-ended teaching a promoted element of the education system. In addition, the analysis also confirmed that design principles regarding embodied playful presence cannot be coerced or imposed on the student teachers but that learning activities can be facilitated for a playful atmosphere or mood to emerge. This was seen because the student teachers responded to the playful teaching at various embodied playful presence or absence. Finally, the analysis revealed that educator's commitment was not necessarily enough for all student teachers to achieve embodied playful presence because there were several other elements that affected the student teachers. In conclusion, the findings in present study thus points out that realising playful approaches to learning in higher education is complex and for student teachers to become embodied playful presence all their prerequisite to engage in playful approaches to learning must be considered.
Existirmos, a que será que se destina?
Authors: Silveira Lia
Published: May 2023

Objetivamos nesse texto pensar as consequências da ética da psicanálise para a prática clínica na saúde mental. Para atingir este objetivo, abordaremos como se deu historicamente a construção do modelo da clínica médica moderna; discutiremos as principais correntes da ética na filosofia que sustentam essa prática e, finalmente, apresentamos a contribuição da psicanálise para o debate.
KETAHANAN KELUARGA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 MASYARAKAT DESA CISUMUR PRESPEKTIF SAKINAH
Authors: Fauzan Annida Fathiyah
Published: May 2023

Pandemi covid 19 merupakan bencana pandemi yang melanda seluruh dunia khususnya dinegara indonesia, kebijakan pemerintah  melakukan social distensing dan melakukan karantina wilayah secara persial untuk mengurangi pembatasan kegiatan diluar dan  meminimalisir tingkat penularan virus corona. Hal tersebut membuat situasi hampir disemua aspek kehidupan mengalami hal yang baru terutama pada perubahan pola rantai pasok pangan sehingga dampak dari pandemi juga menyebabkan perekonomian negara mengalami kontraksi yang sangat signifikan, banyak pekerja sektor formal yang terkena putus hubungan kerja (PHK), para pengusaha, perusahaan, bakhan pedagang kaki lima juga banyak yang mengalami gulung tikar. Seperti yang terjadi didaerah Cisumur Gandrungmangu ada sebagian wanita yang bekerja membantu suaminya untuk tetap mempertahankan keluarganya sehingga waktu bersama keluarga dan komunikasi antar keluarga juga berkurang.  Oleh sebab itu penulis tertarik untuk meneliti lebih lanjut mengenai bagaimana kondisi masyarakat desa Cisumur dimasa pandemi dan apa upaya yang dilakukan masyarakat untuk menjaga  ketahanan keluarga. Untuk meneliti keadaan yang lebih lanjut peneliti melakukan wawancara langsung bersama masyarakat desa Cisumur guna mengetahui keadaan masyarakat desa tersebut. Pada kondisi seperti ini tentu sangat mempengaruhi keadaan keluarga terutama pada tingkat ekonomi, sehingga banyak terjadi kasus perceraian kekerasan dalam rumah tangga.  Salah satu upaya yang penting dilakukan adalah dengan memperkokoh resiliensi keluarga. Karena apabila pasangan suami dan istri tidak dapat memperkokoh  resiliensi keluarga maka akan timbul problem-problem dalam rumah tangga  yang semakin menjadi. Berikut definisi sakinah mawaddah warahmah sebagai bekal dalam keluarga.
Pengelolaan Nilai Tunai Dalam Surplus Underwriting Di Agen Rinto Prudential Syariah Wonosobo
Authors: Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: May 2023

Sharia insurance is one of the products of Islamic Financial Institutions that currently exist among the public today. However, limited public knowledge often causes misunderstandings between the community and insurance participants so that many of them think they are losing money when investing their money for insurance. Whereas in reality, those who invest their funds in insurance products actually get two benefits at once, namely insurance coverage benefits and long-term investment benefits. Therefore, before buying an insurance product, it is necessary to learn more about what insurance product to buy and how to manage the investment. Is the product purchased in accordance with the provisions of the Shari'a or not. Here the author provides an overview of several life insurance products at Prudential Syariah Wonosobo related to investment in more detail. This study uses a field research method where the author conducts research and collects data directly to the research location with qualitative data analysis methods. The results of this study indicate that based on the source of funds and their management, the cash value in this underwriting surplus is in accordance with the theories and concepts in fiqh muamalah, free from elements of usury, gharar and maisir. A clear separation of funds and profit sharing is the hallmark of this sharia insurance.
La novela picaresca española y la enseñanza de literatura: El caso de los estudios filológicos en las Universidades Serbias
Authors: Karanović Vladimir
Published: May 2023

En la enseñanza de literatura, un componente esencial radica en el contacto directo de los lectores con las obras literarias, especialmente en la creación de un vínculo afectivo con las obras elegidas, así como en su apropiación y goce imprescindible en el proceso de lectura. En este sentido, uno de los aspectos cruciales en la enseñanza de literatura de nivel universitario es la elección del corpus de lectura que, según el contexto, especialmente si se trata de la enseñanza de la filología extranjera, suele y tiene que incluir a los clásicos de la literatura nacional en cuestión. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar un breve historial de la enseñanza de la novela picaresca española en los estudios hispánicos de las universidades serbias, y analizar los factores que afectan la motivación y los resultados de los estudiantes de filología hispánica en el proceso del comentario de textos y en la recepción de la novela picaresca española. El proyecto expuesto nos facilitaría una propuesta concreta de la metodología más adecuada y apropiada para la enseñanza, el desarrollo de las competencias profesionales de los futuros hispanistas o, en este contexto, “lectores ideales”, según la estética de la recepción.
Desarrollo conversacional en estudiantes universitarios de español como lengua extranjera
Authors: Viñas Quiroga Ingrid , Nigro Daniela
Published: May 2023

En los últimos años el área del español lengua segunda/extranjera ha habido un interés creciente por explorar las estrategias lingüísticas usadas por los hablantes para comunicarse. Sin embargo, no existe consenso en la literatura científica acerca de los beneficios de su enseñanza. Por consiguiente, nos propusimos diseñar un proyecto de desarrollo de estrategias comunicativas orales e indagar su impacto en estudiantes universitarios que cursan español en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Argentina). Para ello, tomamos dos grupos. En el experimental realizamos una intervención aplicando actividades que estimularan la reflexión metacognitiva. Determinamos el impacto mediante dos instrumentos administrados al inicio y fin de los cursos: una prueba de proficiencia oral y una encuesta sobre autopercepción respecto de estrategias comunicativas. Al finalizar, cotejamos los resultados. Hallamos que en el grupo experimental hubo un aumento en las puntuaciones de desempeño oral, pero no fue una diferencia significativa. Un estudio de esta naturaleza se justifica porque da sustento a determinadas decisiones didácticas.
Autopercepción de estrategias de comunicación oral en estudiantes brasileños de español y en estudiantes argentinos de inglés
Authors: Salminis Mailén Abril , Tosoroni Julieta
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo se inscribe en el ámbito del español como lengua extranjera, en concreto, en el tema de la autopercepción respecto del uso de estrategias de comunicación oral. Nos concentramos en estudiantes brasileños de español de nivel inicial en un contexto institucional. Con la finalidad de indagar si lo que sucede para el español se replica en otras lenguas y de determinar si existe alguna particularidad propia del aprendizaje de ELE, comparamos este grupo con el de estudiantes argentinos de inglés como lengua extranjera, en un contexto similar. El instrumento utilizado en ambos grupos fue una encuesta de autopercepción. La metodología empleada fue el análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de los datos obtenidos, mediante el cálculo de porcentajes de las estrategias comunicativas utilizadas y su interpretación. La importancia del estudio radica en los aportes que puede brindar para la enseñanza y aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras.
Conocimiento declarativo, procedimental y metacognitivo en instancias orales de estudiantes de ELE
Authors: Actis Paula Inés , Figueroa Lucía Isabel
Published: May 2023

Esta investigación se propone correlacionar el uso efectivo que estudiantes de ELE hacen de las estrategias comunicativas orales (ECO) con su conocimiento declarativo acerca del uso de estas estrategias. La temática de las ECO en relación con la metacognición es de gran interés en los estudios de ELE. Sin embargo, el rol que juega la conciencia de los sujetos sobre su propia competencia estratégica y el papel de la enseñanza de la metacognición en la oralidad son interrogantes sin una respuesta unívoca. Este trabajo de análisis es la continuación de un estudio previo (Actis y Figueroa, 2020). Luego de sumar al análisis del grupo de control el del grupo intervenido, identificamos algunas diferencias en el uso de estrategias. Si bien estos resultados son provisorios, resultan indispensables para continuar indagando sobre el funcionamiento de la conciencia que los hablantes tienen de su uso de estrategias comunicativas y cuál es la utilidad de su enseñanza en las aulas de ELE.
PENGUASAAN TANAH HAK ULAYAT MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG NAGA DI TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Oktavianus Oktavianus , Larasati Ayu , Marjuki Arif
Published: May 2023

Tanah sebagai tempat hidup dan kehidupan serta kematian manusia. Setiap manusia membutuhkan tanah sebagai tempat tinggal dan mencari kehidupan. Tanah dapat dikuasai secara individual atau bersama-sama dengan anggota masyarakat lainnya yang mempunyai satu ikatan bathin yang sama, untuk dimanfaatkan secara bersama-sama pula. Penguasaan dan pemanfaatan tanah secara komunal masih diakui dan dihormati keberadaannya atau yang lebih dikenal dengan Hak Ulayat. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalam pendekatan yuridis empiris yang bersumber dari data primer sebagai data utama dan data sekunder sebagai data tambahan, dianalisa dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Kampung Naga menguasai hak atas tanah secara pribadi dan komunal dan untuk menjamin kepastian hukum pemerintah menerbitkan hak atas tanah untuk masing-masing pemilik tanah, baik secara individual maupun secara komunal.
Envelhecimento de negros e negras e a defesa intransigente das políticas sociais no tempo do conservadorismo e do ultraneoliberalismo: contribuições a partir do serviço social
Authors: Paiva Sálvea de Oliveira Campelo , Arruda Fernanda Tavares , Benedito Jonorete de Carvalho , Keller Suéllen Bezerra Alves
Published: May 2023

Neste artigo, na condição de profissionais do Serviço Social, manifestamos a defesa intransigente dos direitos e das políticas que compõem a seguridade social brasileira a partir da Constituição em vigor. Apresentamos o ponto de vista adotado nos nossos estudos para a análise da realidade vivenciada pelos/as velhos/as trabalhadores/as, com ênfase na velhice dos/as negros no Brasil. Transitamos por uma breve exposição sobre o conservadorismo e o ultraneoliberalismo a incidirem na disseminação do ageísmo e no conteúdo das políticas públicas, mais precisamente, nas políticas sociais, pela via do desmonte e da desregulamentação de direitos conquistados mediante lutas sociais. Destacamos alguns indicadores sociais para argumentarmos sobre as desigualdades como determinações sociais nos processos de envelhecimento das nossas populações. Expomos indicadores que ilustram a questão da velhice dos/as negros/as, que são majoritariamente os/as usuários/as das políticas sociais no tempo das contrarreformas. Enfrentamos a responsabilização e a culpabilização das pessoas idosas e de suas famílias pela velhice em sua versão trágica e damos visibilidade a um importante estudo, cujos resultados apontam para a necessidade de inserção de conteúdos sobre a legislação destinada à garantia de direitos das pessoas idosas nos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu, tendo em vista a potencial contribuição à socialização de conhecimento sobre o assunto, uma mediação necessária à mudança das condições de vida dos/as velhos/as trabalhadores/as negros/as
Evalueringsrapport Steiner HF
Authors: Jensen Niels Rosendal , Kjeldsen Christian Christrup
Published: May 2023

Denne rapport har til formål at sammenfatte, hvordan HF-uddannelsen på Steinerskolerne har fungeret, siden den implementeredes i 2018.
Biomedical supervisors’ role modeling of open science practices
Authors: Haven Tamarinde L , Abunijela Susan , Hildebrand Nicole
Published: May 2023

Supervision is one important way to socialize Ph.D. candidates into open and responsible research. We hypothesized that one should be more likely to identify open science practices (here publishing open access and sharing data) in empirical publications that were part of a Ph.D. thesis when the Ph.D. candidates’ supervisors engaged in these practices compared to those whose supervisors did not or less often did. Departing from thesis repositories at four Dutch University Medical centers, we included 211 pairs of supervisors and Ph.D. candidates, resulting in a sample of 2062 publications. We determined open access status using UnpaywallR and Open Data using Oddpub, where we also manually screened publications with potential open data statements. Eighty-three percent of our sample was published openly, and 9% had open data statements. Having a supervisor who published open access more often than the national average was associated with an odds of 1.99 to publish open access. However, this effect became nonsignificant when correcting for institutions. Having a supervisor who shared data was associated with 2.22 (CI:1.19–4.12) times the odds to share data compared to having a supervisor that did not. This odds ratio increased to 4.6 (CI:1.86–11.35) after removing false positives. The prevalence of open data in our sample was comparable to international studies; open access rates were higher. Whilst Ph.D. candidates spearhead initiatives to promote open science, this study adds value by investigating the role of supervisors in promoting open science.
Synaptic and circuit mechanisms prevent detrimentally precise correlation in the developing mammalian visual system
Authors: Tikidji-Hamburyan Ruben A , Govindaiah Gubbi , Guido William , Colonnese Matthew T
Published: May 2023

The developing visual thalamus and cortex extract positional information encoded in the correlated activity of retinal ganglion cells by synaptic plasticity, allowing for the refinement of connectivity. Here, we use a biophysical model of the visual thalamus during the initial visual circuit refinement period to explore the role of synaptic and circuit properties in the regulation of such neural correlations. We find that the NMDA receptor dominance, combined with weak recurrent excitation and inhibition characteristic of this age, prevents the emergence of spike-correlations between thalamocortical neurons on the millisecond timescale. Such precise correlations, which would emerge due to the broad, unrefined connections from the retina to the thalamus, reduce the spatial information contained by thalamic spikes, and therefore we term them ‘parasitic’ correlations. Our results suggest that developing synapses and circuits evolved mechanisms to compensate for such detrimental parasitic correlations arising from the unrefined and immature circuit.
An important role for triglyceride in regulating spermatogenesis
Authors: Chao Charlotte F , Pesch Yanina-Yasmin , Yu Huaxu , Wang Chenjingyi , Aristizabal Maria J , Huan Tao , Tanentzapf Guy , Rideout Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

Drosophila is a powerful model to study how lipids affect spermatogenesis. Yet, the contribution of neutral lipids, a major lipid group which resides in organelles called lipid droplets (LD), to sperm development is largely unknown. Emerging evidence suggests LD are present in the testis and that loss of neutral lipid- and LD-associated genes causes subfertility; however, key regulators of testis neutral lipids and LD remain unclear. Here, we show LD are present in early-stage somatic and germline cells within the Drosophila testis. We identified a role for triglyceride lipase brummer (bmm) in regulating testis LD, and found that whole-body loss of bmm leads to defects in sperm development. Importantly, these represent cell-autonomous roles for bmm in regulating testis LD and spermatogenesis. Because lipidomic analysis of bmm mutants revealed excess triglyceride accumulation, and spermatogenic defects in bmm mutants were rescued by genetically blocking triglyceride synthesis, our data suggest that bmm-mediated regulation of triglyceride influences sperm development. This identifies triglyceride as an important neutral lipid that contributes to Drosophila sperm development, and reveals a key role for bmm in regulating testis triglyceride levels during spermatogenesis.
Tilfredshet og fremtidsplaner blant nyutdannede sykepleiere ett år etter endt utdanning
Authors: Bjerkvik Liv Karin , Valeberg Berit Taraldsen
Published: May 2023

Hensikt:  Å kartlegge faktorer som påvirker nyutdannede sykepleieres tilfredshet og videre yrkesplaner. Metode: Elektronisk spørreundersøkelse våren 2018. Resultat: 129 (36%) av 360 inviterte sykpleiere uteksaminerte våren 2017 deltok. Flertallet var tilfredse med yrkesvalget, oppfattet seg som sykepleiere og planla videreutdanning. En fjerdedel planla å slutte i stillingen. En femtedel vurderte å bytte yrke. Høy tilfredshet korrelerte med et faglig stimulerende arbeidsmiljø, mulighet til å yte sykepleie i samsvar med egne verdier og lav sannsynlighet for å bytte stillingen og yrke. Selvstendig ansvar og et støttende arbeidsmiljø, tilbakemelding på arbeidet og høy stillingsbrøk korrelerte med høy faglig selvtillit. Deltidsstilling økte sannsynligheten for turnover. Konklusjon: Nyutdannede vektlegger muligheter for fagutvikling og kvalitet i arbeidet, og har lav terskel for å slutte i stilling og yrke når forventninger ikke innfris. Det er behov for mer kunnskap om hvordan forventninger og faglige verdier påvirker integrering i yrkesrollen for å forebygge tendens til høy turnover og tidlig frafall.
Studying the dimensions of m-interactivity and customers’ engagement in m-commerce applications
Authors: Alghamdi Abdulrahman Abdullah
Published: May 2023

These days, technology has a significant role in the success of selling and buying goods through m-commerce applications. Therefore, this study aims to study the impact of dimensions of M-interactivity on customers’ engagement in m-commerce and the effect of customers’ attention in m-commerce on customer loyalty towards m-commerce applications. The questionnaire was distributed among Saudi citizens. The five hundred questionnaire links were distributed randomly among Saudi citizens. The partial least squares (PLS) were implemented to analyse the data to test the proposed hypotheses and get the rest of the results. The results revealed that the questionnaire used in this study was valid and reliable. Also, it revealed that active control, connectedness, responsiveness, and synchronicity positively impact customers’ engagement in m-commerce applications. Furthermore, it showed that ubiquitous connectivity and personalization do not positively impact customers’ attention in m-commerce. In addition, the results revealed that customer engagement positively impacts customer loyalty (LO) in m-commerce applications.
Facing the infinity: tackling large samples of challenging Chironomidae (Diptera) with an integrative approach
Authors: Chimeno Caroline , Rulik Björn , Manfrin Alessandro , Kalinkat Gregor , Hölker Franz , Baranov Viktor
Published: May 2023

Background

Integrative taxonomy is becoming ever more significant in biodiversity research as scientists are tackling increasingly taxonomically challenging groups. Implementing a combined approach not only guarantees more accurate species identification, but also helps overcome limitations that each method presents when applied on its own. In this study, we present one application of integrative taxonomy for the highly abundant and particularly diverse fly taxon Chironomidae (Diptera). Although non-biting midges are key organisms in merolimnic systems, they are often cast aside in ecological surveys because they are very challenging to identify and extremely abundant.

Methods

Here, we demonstrate one way of applying integrative methods to tackle this highly diverse taxon. We present a three-level subsampling method to drastically reduce the workload of bulk sample processing, then apply morphological and molecular identification methods in parallel to evaluate species diversity and to examine inconsistencies across methods.

Results

Our results suggest that using our subsampling approach, identifying less than 10% of a sample’s contents can reliably detect >90% of its diversity. However, despite reducing the processing workload drastically, the performance of our taxonomist was affected by mistakes, caused by large amounts of material. We conducted misidentifications for 9% of vouchers, which may not have been recovered had we not applied a second identification method. On the other hand, we were able to provide species information in cases where molecular methods could not, which was the case for 14% of vouchers. Therefore, we conclude that when wanting to implement non-biting midges into ecological frameworks, it is imperative to use an integrative approach.
Scrape to Nail the Diagnosis: A “Mitey” Challenge in an Erythroderma
Authors: Kumar S Praveen , Sumathy TK , Prasad AL Shyam , Lakshman Archana
Published: May 2023

Norwegian (crusted) scabies is a highly contagious form of scabies which can evolve into erythroderma at times. We herein report a case of a 29-year-old male patient, an established case of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica (EBD), presented to us with asymptomatic generalized scaling and crusting of 2 months duration. On examination patient also had dystrophic nails, anonychia and joint contractures. With a high index of suspicion, a scraping for KOH mount had done, which showed numerous scabies mites, eggs and faecal pellets. The patient was started on weekly oral Ivermectin (200mcg/kg) and topical 5% permethrin application. There was dramatic response within 1-2 weeks. This case is presented to highlight the diagnostic challenge that erythroderma may be due to Norwegian scabies or the primary entity- epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica (EBD). The association of EBD and Norwegian scabies has been reported in literature. A simple bedside test like scraping can nail the diagnosis, provided there is a high index of suspicion.
Knowledge and Adoption of the Respondent about the Livestock Insurance Scheme
Authors: Katal Khushboo , Mazhar Syed H.
Published: May 2023

The present investigation was conducted in Dhariwal block of Gurdaspur district, Punjab. One hundred twenty respondents were selected purposively from 5 villages. The primary data were gathered by the researcher itself through pre-structured interview schedule. Appropriate statistical tools were used to interpret the collected data to draw logical conclusion. The finding inferred that the majority of respondents having low level of adoption towards livestock insurance scheme. And also, it was observed that most of the respondents had medium level of knowledge towards livestock insurance scheme. And age, education, family type, type of house, land holding, occupation, source of information, extension contact and personnel cosmopolite were observed positive and significant correlation with their knowledge level. And  age, education, family type, family size, land holding, occupation, annual income, source of information, extension contact, personnel cosmopolite were observed positive and significant co-relation with their adoption level.
Smart Greenhouse Monitoring System Using Blynk IoT App
Authors: Shanto Shakib Sadat , Rahman Mushfiqur , Oasik Jaber Md. , Hossain Hamim
Published: May 2023

Aims: A smart greenhouse system that utilizes the Blynk IoT app is an innovative technology designed to automate greenhouse operations, thereby reducing labor and resource costs and optimizing plant growth.

Study Design: In this paper we propose a real-time mobile app-based monitoring system to automate greenhouse agriculture. The system involves the usage of Blynk mobile application that allows users to monitor, control both manually and remotely as well as automation of various aspects of the greenhouse environment in real-time.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB), Dhaka, Bangladesh between February 2023 to April 2023.

Methodology: Multiple environmental sensors, temperature, humidity, soil moisture, light intensity, and Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensors continuously collect data. Farmers can remotely monitor and control the greenhouse using the Blynk IoT application. A fire sensor alarms it. Farmers can tailor alerts for environmental changes like irrigation or heating. They can manually and remotely control fans, lights, and humidifiers. If temperature, light intensity, or humidity drop below a specified threshold, the system turns on fans, lights, and humidifiers. A water pump that kicks on automatically based on soil moisture and can be regulated remotely ensures the plants get enough water.

Results: The proposed system allows for real-time updates of sensor data and enables remote control of connected devices via the mobile app from any location, with notable fast processing subject to the quality of the internet connection.

Conclusion: Upon successful implementation of this research, we anticipate the emergence of an advanced automated smart greenhouse monitoring system that will greatly benefit farmers in Bangladesh. This new method could change greenhouse and farm management, improving efficiency, cost, and crop yields.
A Reeleição e a Eficiência dos Municípios Brasileiros Sob a Perspectiva da Teoria da Escolha Pública
Authors: Silva Lindomar , Costa Carlos , Castro Miguel , Araujo Edmar
Published: May 2023

Este artigo avaliou a relação entre a reeleição e eficiência municipal, no período de 2006 a 2015. A pesquisa possui natureza quantitativa utilizando regressão de dados em painel. Para isto, dois modelos estatísticos foram utilizados: um que compara a eficiência entre o grupo de prefeitos reeleitos com o grupo de prefeitos em primeiro mandato e um segundo modelo que avaliou a eficiência no ano eleitoral e no ano seguinte à eleição. O referencial teórico utilizado foi a teoria da escolha pública, especialmente no que se refere aos ciclos políticos. Os dados indicaram que, a princípio, há uma diferença entre os desempenhos de prefeitos reeleitos e aqueles em primeiro mandato, o que sinaliza que a continuação do mandato seria benéfica para a sociedade, porém, por outro lado, a diferença entre os dois grupos é muito pequena, o que acaba por minimizar a relevância de um segundo mandato para o cargo de prefeitos. Além disso, confirma-se um pressuposto da teoria dos ciclos políticos, no qual o desempenho dos gestores no período anterior à eleição é melhor do que o desempenho no ano seguinte à sua reeleição, o que indica o caráter oportunista dos discursos sobre os benefícios da reeleição.
Trends in Methadone Dispensing for Opioid Use Disorder After Medicare Payment Policy Changes
Authors: Taylor Erin A. , Cantor Jonathan H. , Bradford Ashley C. , Simon Kosali , Stein Bradley D.
Published: May 2023

Importance

A significant proportion of Medicare beneficiaries have a diagnosed opioid use disorder (OUD). Methadone and buprenorphine are both effective medications for the treatment of OUD (MOUDs); however, Medicare did not cover methadone until 2020.

Objective

To examine trends in methadone and buprenorphine dispensing among Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollees after 2 policy changes in 2020 related to methadone access.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional analysis of temporal trends in methadone and buprenorphine treatment dispensing assessed MA beneficiary claims from January 1, 2019, through March 31, 2022, captured by Optum’s Clinformatics Data Mart. Of 9 870 791 MA enrollees included in the database, 39 252 had at least 1 claim for methadone, buprenorphine, or both during the study period. All available MA enrollees were included. Subanalyses by age and dual eligibility for Medicare and Medicaid status were conducted.

Exposures

Study exposures were (1) the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare bundled payment reimbursement policy for OUD treatment and (2) the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration and CMS Medicare policies designed to facilitate access to treatment for OUD, specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Study outcomes were trends in methadone and buprenorphine dispensing by beneficiary characteristics. National methadone and buprenorphine dispensing rates were calculated as claims-based dispensing rates per 1000 MA enrollees.

Results

Among the 39 252 MA enrollees with at least 1 MOUD dispensing claim (mean age, 58.6 [95% CI, 58.57-58.62] years; 45.9% female), 195 196 methadone claims and 540 564 buprenorphine pharmacy claims were identified, for a total of 735 760 dispensing claims. The methadone dispensing rate for MA enrollees was 0 in 2019 because the policy did not allow any payment until 2020. Claims rates per 1000 MA enrollees were low initially, increasing from 0.98 in the first quarter of 2020 to 4.71 in the first quarter of 2022. Increases were primarily associated with dually eligible beneficiaries and beneficiaries younger than 65 years. National buprenorphine dispensing rates were 4.64 per 1000 enrollees in quarter 1 of 2019, increasing to 7.45 per 1000 enrollees in quarter 1 of 2022.

Conclusions and Relevance

This cross-sectional study found that methadone dispensing increased among Medicare beneficiaries after the policy changes. Rates of buprenorphine dispensing did not provide evidence that beneficiaries substituted buprenorphine for methadone. The 2 new CMS policies represent an important first step in increasing access to MOUD treatment for Medicare beneficiaries.
Threat of xylazine to drug‐fighting efforts mounts
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: May 2023

A growing body of research is demonstrating xylazine's heavy presence in the illicit drug supply and how that is complicating the various responses to the opioid crisis, adding weight to last month's government designation of fentanyl combined with xylazine as an emerging threat to the nation.
California awards $17 million for SUD prevention for youth
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: May 2023

This month Gov. Gavin Newsom of California announced that almost $17 million has been awarded to 44 community‐based and tribal organizations to develop and increase substance use disorder (SUD) prevention services through civic engagement and culturally competent programs. These awards are part of
Elevate Youth California, a statewide Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) initiative to help grassroots community‐based and tribal organizations develop programs for young people living in communities that are disproportionately impacted by the war on drugs.
Photonic Amorphous I‐WP‐Like Networks Create Angle‐Independent Colors inSternotomis virescensLonghorn Beetles
Authors: Bauernfeind Viola , Djeghdi Kenza , Gunkel Ilja , Steiner Ullrich , Wilts Bodo D.
Published: May 2023

Structural color originates from the interference of light with periodic structures that feature characteristic length scales on the order of the wavelength of visible light. Long‐range order in photonic structures usually causes iridescence, and increasing disorder renders colors angle‐independent. Random disorder distributes scattering intensity over all wavelengths, producing white in the absence of absorption. Various non‐iridescent, vivid color patterns are found inSternotominilonghorn beetles. Herein,Sternotomis virescensis investigated, where elytral scales produce a green‐blue color pattern on otherwise black elytra. Combining focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB‐SEM) tomography, ultra‐small‐angle X‐ray scattering (USAXS), structural modeling, and full‐wave optical simulations, it is found that the color originates from amorphous photonic networks based on sub‐units resembling the I‐WP unit cell, a triply‐periodic minimal surface with body‐centered‐cubic symmetry. This work provides insights into how quasi‐order produces stable colors inS. virescenslonghorn beetles, highlights the advantages of volumetric imaging using FIB‐SEM tomography of porous nanostructured materials, and raises interesting questions about the formation mechanisms of amorphous structures in vivo.
A Mitochondria‐Targeted Ferroptosis Inducer Activated by Glutathione‐Responsive Imaging and Depletion for Triple Negative Breast Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Gan Hongbo , Huang Xie , Luo Xi , Li Jinlin , Mo Banghui , Cheng Lizhi , Shu Qiuxia , Du Zaizhi , Tang Hong , Sun Wei , Wang Liting , Luo Shenglin , Yu Songtao
Published: May 2023

Ferroptosis is a new type of iron‐dependent programmed cell death characterized by glutathione (GSH) depletion, selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inactivation, and lipid peroxides accumulation. Mitochondria, as the main source of intracellular energy supply and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, play a central role in oxidative phosphorylation and redox homeostasis. Therefore, targeting cancer‐cell mitochondria and attacking redox homeostasis is expected to induce robust ferroptosis‐mediated anticancer effects. In this work, a theranostic ferroptosis inducer (IR780‐SPhF), which can simultaneously achieve the imaging and therapy of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) by targeting mitochondria is presented. It is developed from a mitochondria‐targeting small molecule (IR780) with cancer‐preferential accumulation, enabling it to react with GSH by nucleophilic substitution, resulting in mitochondrial GSH depletion and redox imbalance. More interestingly, IR780‐SPhF exhibits GSH‐responsive near‐infrared fluorescence emission and photoacoustic imaging characteristics, further facilitating diagnosis and treatment with real‐time monitoring of TNBC with a highly elevated GSH level. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that IR780‐SPhF exhibits potent anticancer effect, which is significantly stronger than cyclophosphamide, a classic drug commonly recommended for TNBC patients in clinic. Hence, the reported mitochondria‐targeted ferroptosis inducer may represent a promising candidate and a prospective strategy for efficient cancer treatment.