bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gagavuzlara Türkiye Türkçesi Öğretimi
Authors: Özkan Nevzat
Published: August 2021

Oğuz grubu Türk lehçelerinin batı kolunda yer alan Gagavuz Türkçesi pek çok bakımdan Balkan Türk ağızlarının bir uzantısı durumundadır. Ancak Gagavuzlar son iki yüz yıldır Bulgaristan, Rusya, Romanya, Yunanistan, Ukrayna gibi ülkelerin azınlığı durumunda yaşamışlar ve Gagavuz Türkçesi bir azınlık dili olarak bu ülkelerin resmi dilleriyle birlikte kullanım alanı bulmuştur. Bu sebeple, diğer Balkan Türk ağızlarının önemli bir bölümü gibi Gagavuz Türkçesi de başta söz varlığı ve söz dizimi olmak üzere hemen her alanda kendine has özellikler kazanmış görünmektedir. Dolayısıyla Gagavuz Türkçesinin anadili ve yabancı dil olarak öğretimi de Gagavuzlara Türkiye Türkçesi başta olmak üzere diğer Türk dili kollarının öğretimi de farklı yöntem ve teknikler gerektirmektedir.
Grupo de gestantes e casais grávidos: educação em saúde em tempos de pandemia
Authors: De Lima Margarete Maria , Aranha Maria Eduarda de Pinho , Leal Clara de Andrade , Costa Roberta , Zampieri Maria de Fátima Motta , Custódio Zaira de Oliveira
Published: August 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência do desenvolvimento de atividades educativas virtuais no Grupo de Gestantes e Casais Grávidos da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina diante da pandemia de Covid-19. O Grupo de Gestantes e Casais Grávidos é uma atividade educativa de extensão, articulada ao ensino e à pesquisa, de abordagem interdisciplinar, dirigida a gestantes e seus acompanhantes. Diante das recomendações de distanciamento social, a coordenação do projeto decidiu suspender as suas atividades no formato presencial, realizando-as por meio de encontros sistemáticos online, que ocorreram entre os meses de março e julho de 2020. A execução destes encontros facilitou o acesso a informações de qualidade, possibilitou a formação de uma rede de apoio entre os participantes, proporcionou um local para exposição de dúvidas, dificuldades e inseguranças enfrentadas pela vivência da gestação e parto durante a pandemia, mantendo, deste modo, ativa a contribuição do projeto à comunidade. O processo de adaptação das atividades do grupo de gestantes à modalidade online representou para as discentes uma oportunidade de conhecer novas maneiras de colocar em prática a promoção da saúde, compartilhar conhecimento e trocar experiências, mesmo que a distância. Esta experiência mostrou que é possível e necessário inovar a extensão universitária diante do desafio imposto pela pandemia da Covid-19.
Projeto Vincular: atividades educativas com gestantes no contexto de uma maternidade do interior paulista
Authors: Mapelli Lina Domenica , Justino Giovanna Brunna da Silva , Gervasio Mariana De Gea , Bussadori Jamile de Claro Castro , Sansão Eliane de Lima Leite , Salim Natália Rejane
Published: August 2021

Trata-se de um relato de experiência de uma atividade de extensão desenvolvida em uma cidade do interior de São Paulo, que teve como objetivo central a aproximação de gestantes à maternidade de referência por meio de estratégias de educação em saúde. A atividade foi realizada através de parceria entre o curso de enfermagem de uma universidade federal e a maternidade. As ações foram fundamentadas na garantia do acesso e do direito a informações de qualidade durante a gestação. No ano de 2019 foram realizados 40 encontros. As estratégias de educação em saúde durante a gestação possibilitaram a aproximação com a maternidade de referência e o contato com temáticas para a preparação para o parto. Projetos como esse são capazes de fortalecer a autonomia das mulheres e possibilitam o compartilhamento de conhecimento contribuindo para o fortalecimento de uma atenção obstétrica digna e respeitosa.
Horta comunitária e educação ambiental no Morro do Horácio (Florianópolis - SC): saberes compartilhados na extensão universitária
Authors: Silva Gabriel Dreher Pacheco da , Oliveira Laura Cristina Pereira de , Gaia Marilia Carla de Mello
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho relata parte das experiências do projeto de extensão da UFSC intitulado “Horta Comunitária e Educação Ambiental no Morro do Horácio”, realizado na Associação Beneficente Educacional e Assistencial Gente Amiga (Florianópolis/SC), entre 2018 e 2020. Entre as atividades desenvolvidas destacam-se a implantação de uma horta comunitária, ações de Agroecologia, Permacultura e Educação Ambiental com as crianças e adolescentes atendidos pela Associação e com a comunidade em geral. Percebeu-se a importância do reconhecimento, aproximação e troca de saberes populares e acadêmicos, reforçando o compromisso da universidade com as comunidades adjacentes e o papel da extensão universitária.
Simulating approaches to emergency department pandemic physician staffing during COVID-19
Authors: Sangal, MD, MBA Rohit B. , Venkatesh, MD, MBA, MHS Arjun K. , Kinsman, MPH Jeremiah , Dashevsky, MD Meir , Scofi, MD, MBA Jean E. , Ulrich, MD Andrew
Published: August 2021

Objective: During pandemics, emergency departments (EDs) are challenged by the need to replace quarantined ED staff and avoid staffing EDs with nonemergency medicine (EM) trained physicians. We sought to design and examine three feasible ED staffing models intended to safely schedule EM physicians to staff three EDs within a health system during a prolonged infectious disease outbreak.Methods: We conducted simulation analyses examining the strengths and limitations of three ED clinician staffing models: two-team and three-team fixed cohort, and three-team unfixed cohort. Each model was assessed with and without immunity, and by varying infection rates. We assumed a 12-week pandemic disaster requiring a 2-week quarantine.Main outcome: The outcome, time to staffing shortage, was defined as depletion of available physicians in both 8- and 12-hour shift duration scenarios. Results: All staffing models initially showed linear physician attrition with higher infection rates resulting in faster staffing shortages. The three-team fixed cohort model without immunity was not viable beyond 11 weeks. The three-team unfixed cohort model without immunity avoided staffing shortage for the duration of the pandemic up to an infection rate of 50 percent. The two-team model without immunity also avoided staffing shortage up to 30 percent infection rate. When accounting for immunity, all models behaved similarly initially but returned to adequate staffing during week 5 of the pandemic. Conclusions: Simulation analyses reveal fundamental tradeoffs that are critical to designing feasible pandemic disaster staffing models. Emergency physicians should test similar models based on local assumptions and capacity to ensure adequate staffing preparedness for prolonged pandemics.
Nursing home evacuations due to disasters in the United States over 22.5 years from 1995 to 2017
Authors: Sharma, DO Aishwarya , Mace, MD, FACEP, FAAP Sharon E.
Published: August 2021

A large and growing segment of the United States population resides in nursing homes. Many nursing home residents have multiple comorbidities, are unable to perform activities of daily living, and need assistance for their daily functioning. They are some of the most fragile and vulnerable members of the population. Disasters are increasing in frequency and severity. This makes it likely that disasters will strike nursing homes and affect their residents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of disasters in the United States that resulted in nursing home evacuations. There were 51 reported nursing home evacuations due to a disaster over 22.5 years between 1995 and 2017. Natural disasters were responsible for the majority of evacuations (58.8 percent) followed by man-made unintentional disasters (37.3 percent) and man-made intentional (arson) (3.9 percent). The single most common reason for evacuation was hurricanes (23.5 percent, N = 12) and internal fires (23.5 percent, N = 12). Water-related disasters accounted for nearly three-fourths of the natural disasters (hurricanes 40 percent, N = 12; floods, 33.3 percent, N = 10; total 73.3 percent, N = 22), then snow/ice storms (13.3 percent, N = 4). Of man-made disasters, over two-thirds (66.7 percent) were due to internal fires (internal fires, n = 12, 57.1 percent and arson n = 2, 9.5 percent; total N = 14, 66.7 percent). The highest number of evacuations occurred in Texas, Louisiana, Missouri, New York, and Pennsylvania. This knowledge should enable nursing home administrators, disaster planners, public health officials, and others to improve preparedness for disasters that lead to nursing home evacuations.
Buprenorphine not a silver bullet but an opioid of choice for chronic pain
Authors: Davis, MD, FCCP, FAAHPM Mellar P. , Fudin, PharmD, FACCP, FASHP, FFSMB Jeffrey
Published: August 2021

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Dispensing of medications used in MAT for Medicare Part D beneficiaries: Impact of 2016 CARA
Authors: Gillette, PhD Chris , Shull, PA-C, MPAS Catherine , Garvick, MS, MPAS, PA-C Sarah J. , Mitchell, MSM, MMS, PA-C Lindsey , Kirk, PharmD Julienne
Published: August 2021

Objectives: (1) To describe dispensing of FDA-approved medications used in medication-assisted treatment (MAT) in Medicare Part D beneficiaries during 2013-2017; (2) to identify yearly dispensing associated with physician assistants (PAs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) during 2013-2017; and (3) to examine how Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act (CARA) of 2016 impacted dispensing of medications used in MAT in 2016-2017.Method: Retrospective secondary analysis of the Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data: Part D Prescriber datasets during the years 2013-2017. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to analyze the data.Participants: Providers whose national provider identifier is associated with at least one FDA-approved medication used in MAT during 2013-2017 and paid for by Medicare Part D.Main outcome measure: Per-prescriber population-adjusted number of claims for buprenorphine, buprenorphine/naloxone, and naltrexone.Results: There were 4,657,233 claims for medications used in MAT from 2013 to 2017 (mean = 2,374.48 per 100,000). PAs and NPs combined for 254,543 claims during 2013-2017 (mean = 127.58 per 100,000). In the first full year after CARA, prescriptions for medications used in MAT by PAs and NPs increased a population-adjusted 46.96 percent. In the GEE regression model, there were significantly fewer per-provider claims in the years 2013-2015 (pre-CARA) compared with 2017 (post-CARA) (all p < 0.05).Conclusion: The year after CARA was passed, claims for medications used in MAT from PAs and NPs increased.
Successful rotation from long-acting full agonist opioids to sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone using a microdosing approach
Authors: Vytialingam, MBBS, FRACGP, FAChAM René C. , Schug, MD, FANZCA, FFPMANZCA, EDPM Stephan A. , O’Regan, MBBS, FAChAM Richard
Published: August 2021

Buprenorphine/naloxone (BPN/NX) is a first-line treatment for opioid use disorder. Conventional treatment guidelines recommend a period of opioid abstinence and the presence of moderate withdrawal before initiation to avoid precipitated withdrawal. A newer approach of “microdosing” removes this requirement and has potential benefits. We present two cases of successful induction of BPN/NX using a microdosing regimen in an inpatient withdrawal unit. Both cases did not result in precipitated withdrawal and did not necessitate prior cessation of other opioids. This case report highlights how the use of microdosing to induct BPN/NX treatment can reduce potential barriers and complications with treatment initiation.
Impactos da pandemia da Covid-19 nas avaliações de larga escala no Brasil: breves reflexões
Authors: Paula Alisson Slider do Nascimento de , Rodrigues Maria Beatriz do Nascimento , Soares Thiago Tavares , Lima Kátia Regina Rodrigues
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo pesquisar os impactos da pandemia da Covid-19 nas avaliações de larga escala, uma vez que a transição do ensino presencial para o ensino remoto, em pleno ano letivo, expôs ainda mais as fragilidades da educação pública brasileira e trouxe novos desafios para gestores, professores e estudantes superarem. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa de natureza bibliográfica e documental. Considera-se que as avaliações institucionais possuem relevância, mormente no que toca o acompanhamento do desempenho dos estudantes, contudo, durante a pandemia da Covid-19, muitos Estados deixaram de aplicar suas avaliações externas, adiaram ou adaptaram seus modelos de avaliação de desempenho estudantil, contudo, a lógica tecnocrática tende a aprofundar ainda mais as desigualdades educacionais.
Primer trimestre de 1999. Segunda parte
Authors: Soriano Rodríguez Salvador Héctor
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 55, No. 624, 2000: 1063-1072.
A propósito del anteproyecto de ley del presupuesto general de la nación para el 2001
Authors: Romano Luis Ernesto
Published: August 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 55, No. 624, 2000: 1017-1021.
El sistema judicial en El Salvador
Authors: Tojeira José M.
Published: August 2021

En este artículo, el autor analiza la situación actual del sistema judicial. Considera que para construir la paz con solidez, las sociedades deben vivir gobernadas más por leyes que por personas. Pues, pese a que las circunstancias han cambiado, algunos aspectos de la situación estructural, sobre todo económica y cultural, siguen dañando enormemente a lo que debía ser la justicia legal: el fiel de la balanza equilibradora y defensora de la igual dignidad humana, que nuestras leyes reconocen. Y algo más, que se sigue perjudicando el legítimo deseo de seguridad ciudadana y la aspiración a que la convivencia se constr.uya sobre la regulación de deberes y derechos iguales para todos, y no sobre relaciones de fuerza o dependencia.

 ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 55, No. 625-626, 2000: 1119-1127.
Interstitium: The Ideological Domination of America
Authors: Murphy Dwight D.
Published: August 2021

A new organ of society has an ideological infection that ensures the rest of society follows its orthodoxy. Is there any chance of limiting the infection so society might thrive again?
Free College and the Problem of College Readiness
Authors: Toby Jackson
Published: August 2021

Free college for all will lower academic standards, increase the need for remedial education, and decrease student achievement overall.
A Plagiarism Schematic
Authors: Randall David
Published: August 2021

A review of "Disguised Academic Plagiarism: A Typology and Case Studies for Researchers and Editors" by M.V. Dougherty.
The Devolution of Psychological Science: Memes, Culture, and Systemic Racism
Authors: Staddon John
Published: August 2021

What a successful model of social science looks like, and how far the social sciences have strayed from that model?
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN WHATSAPP GROUP (WAG) PADA PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH (PJJ) DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: HASANAH MULYA FAIDATUL
Published: August 2021

Covid-19 telah merubah sistem pembelajaran yang selama ini berlangusng secara konvensional dengan cara  belajar di kelas, kemudian beralih pada pembelajaran daring. Pembelajaran yang biasanya dilakukan di satuan pendidikan kemudian berpindah menjadi belajar dari rumah. Whatsapp sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran online sangat familier dan sering digunakan oleh peserta didik dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif solusi yang dapat digunakan oleh guru dan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran di masa pandemi covid-19. Penggunaan whatsapp dalam pembelajaran karena aplikasi ini sangat sederhana dan menyajikan beberapa fitur yang menarik serta mudah pengoperasiannya sehingga peserta didik dapat dengan mudah belajar menggunakan aplikasi whatsapp. Selain itu,  orang tua dapat terlibat dalam pemantauan belajar putra putrinya di rumah . Penggunaan aplikasi whatsapp dapat dilakukan dengan membuat group. Whatsapp Group (WAG) dapat dijadikan sebagai wadah komunikasi dan interaksi  guru dengan peserta didik maupun antar peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka (library research). Penelitian pustaka adalah kegiatan yang meliputi mencari, membaca, dan menelaah laporan-laporan penelitian dan bahan pustaka yang memuat teori-teori yang relevan dengan penelitian yang akan dilakukan. Harapan dari study literatur ini mampu menunjukan efektifitas penggunaan WAG pada pembelajaran jarak jauh di masa pandemi covid-19.
Batteries contenant des matériaux d’électrodes analogues au bleu de Prusse
Authors: D. WESSELLS Colin
Published: August 2021

Ce chapitre donne une introduction pratique à l'utilisation du bleu de Prusse et de ses analogues aux électrodes de batteries Na-ion. Il décrit les propriétés physiques et électrochimiques de ces matériaux, à travers quelques exemples de leur utilisation notamment dans la technologie développée par Natron-Energy.
Technique de caractérisation morphologique des polymères nanorenforcés
Authors: BLIVI Adoté Sitou , FAN Benhui , KONDO Djimédo , BEDOUI Fahmi
Published: August 2021

Les polymères nano-renforcés sont considérés comme des matériaux hétérogènes, pour lesquelles l’hétérogénéité est de taille nanométrique. Dans ce cas leur caractérisation morphologique requière l’utilisation d’outils expérimentaux capables d’accéder à ces échelles. La Microscopie Electronique en Transmission (MET) et la Diffraction des rayons X (DRX) aux petits et grands angles sont les deux techniques les plus adaptées. Le MET permet une observation directe de la microstructure à l’échelle du renfort, tandis que la DRX permet une observation dite indirecte et à des échelles inférieures à celles du MET. La combinaison des deux techniques permet de couvrir une fenêtre d’observation allant de l’architecture moléculaire à la dispersion des nanoparticules, ce qui est nécessaire dans le cas de ces matériaux.
Modélisation électromécanique non linéaire multi-échelle de nanocomposites graphène-polymère
Authors: LU Xiaoxin , YVONNET Julien , DETREZ Fabrice , BAI Jinbo
Published: August 2021

Ce chapitre présente un cadre de modélisation multi échelle pour les composites graphène-polymère sur la base de calculs numériques appliqués à des volumes élémentaires représentatifs (VER). Les applications concernent la prédiction de la conduction électrique non linéaire et des propriétés mécaniques en tenant compte des interfaces graphène-polymère et de l’effet tunnel, et expliquer les faibles seuils de percolations observés expérimentalement.
Climat urbain : agenda et perspectives d’un risque climatique
Authors: HIDALGO Julia
Published: August 2021

L’urbanisation de la planète à l’heure de l’anthropocène a mis sur le devant de la scène la problématique du climat urbain. Depuis quelques décennies, cette question prend de l’ampleur. La recherche comme l’action se structurent. Des obstacles persistent, néanmoins, que des perspectives de recherche et de gestion invitent à dépasser, notamment en articulant savoirs climatiques et urbanistiques.
L’accouchement difficile de la société du risque et la relégation des sciences sociales
Authors: METZGER Pascale , REBOTIER Julien
Published: August 2021

A partir d’une réflexion autour de la société du risque, d’Ulrich Beck, comme essai de théorie sociale, et des recompositions de la modernité, le moment anthropocène est l’occasion de revenir sur la marginalisation des sciences sociales dans les recherches sur les risques et l’environnement. La tension provoquée par une exigence d’opérationnalité pour des sciences critiques se trouve renforcée.
Histoire des migrations dans l’Europe de l’Ouest
Authors: PAGE MOCH Leslie
Published: August 2021

La relation dynamique entre les modèles de migrations tant internes qu’internationales, et le développement économique en Europe occidentale depuis le milieu du XVIIe siècle, s’explique par divers facteurs qui ont déterminé les migrations : les modes de propriété foncière, le déploiement du capital, les lieux d'emploi et les régimes démographiques, mais aussi les caractéristiques individuelles, les familles, les coutumes régionales.
Les migrations internationales actuelles
Authors: FELD Serge
Published: August 2021

La nature et la structure des migrations internationales ont connu ces dernières années des transformations considérables. Un bilan est d’abord dressé sur la longue durée, complété par une analyse des changements dans le court terme. Enfin les tendances les plus récentes des flux de migrants hautement qualifiés, en particulier des trente principaux pays d’émigration de HQ vers l’OCDE, sont analysées.
Improvement of Odin/SMR water vapour and temperature measurements and validation of the obtained data sets
Authors: Grieco Francesco , Pérot Kristell , Murtagh Donal , Eriksson Patrick , Rydberg Bengt , Kiefer Michael , Garcia-Comas Maya , Lambert Alyn , Walker Kaley A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Its long photochemical lifetime makes H2O a good tracer for mesospheric dynamics. Temperature observations are also critical to study middle atmospheric dynamics. In this study, we present the reprocessing of 18 years of mesospheric H2O and temperature measurements from the Sub-Millimetre Radiometer (SMR) aboard the Odin satellite, resulting in a part of the SMR version 3.0 level 2 data set. The previous version of the data set showed poor accordance with measurements from other instruments, which suggested that the retrieved concentrations and temperature were subject to instrumental artefacts. Different hypotheses have been explored, and the idea of an underestimation of the single-sideband leakage turned out to be the most reasonable one. The value of the lowest transmission achievable has therefore been raised to account for greater sideband leakage, and new retrievals have been performed with the new settings. The retrieved profiles extend between 40–100 km altitude and cover the whole globe to reach 85∘ latitudes. A validation study has been carried out, revealing an overall better accordance with the compared instruments. In particular, relative differences in H2O mixing ratio are always in the ±20 % range between 40 and 70 km and diverge at higher altitudes, while temperature absolute differences are within ±5 K between 40–80 km and also diverge at higher altitudes.
How large is the design space for stratospheric aerosol geoengineering?
Authors: Zhang Yan , MacMartin Douglas G. , Visioni Daniele , Kravitz Ben
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), as a possible supplement to emission reduction, has the potential to reduce some of the risks associated with climate change. Adding aerosols to the lower stratosphere results in global cooling. However, different choices for the aerosol injection latitude(s) and season(s) have been shown to lead to significant differences in regional surface climate, introducing a design aspect to SAI. Past research has shown that there are at least three independent degrees of freedom (DOF) that can be used to simultaneously manage three different climate goals. Knowing how many more DOFs there are, and thus how many independent climate goals can be simultaneously managed, is essential to understanding fundamental limits of how well SAI might compensate for anthropogenic climate change, and evaluating any underlying trade-offs between different climate goals. Here we quantify the number of meaningfully-independent DOFs of the SAI design space. This number of meaningfully-independent DOFs depends on both the amount of cooling and the climate variables used for quantifying the changes in surface climate. At low levels of global cooling, only a small set of injection choices yield detectably different surface climate responses. For a cooling level of 1–1.5 °C, we find that there are likely between 6 and 8 meaningfully-independent DOFs. This narrows down the range of available DOF and also reveals new opportunities for exploring alternate SAI designs with different distributions of climate impacts.
Determining the sensitive parameters of WRF model for the prediction of tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal using Global Sensitivity Analysis and Machine Learning
Authors: Baki Harish , Chinta Sandeep , Balaji C. , Srinivasan Balaji
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The present study focuses on identifying the parameters from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model that strongly influence the prediction of tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) region. Three global sensitivity analysis (SA) methods, namely the Morris One-at-A-Time (MOAT), Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS), and surrogate-based Sobol' are employed to identify the most sensitive parameters out of 24 tunable parameters corresponding to seven parameterization schemes of the WRF model. Ten tropical cyclones across different categories, such as cyclonic storms, severe cyclonic storms, and very severe cyclonic storms over BoB between 2011 and 2018, are selected in this study. The sensitivity scores of 24 parameters are evaluated for eight meteorological variables. The parameter sensitivity results are consistent across three SA methods for all the variables, and 8 out of the 24 parameters contribute 80 %–90 % to the overall sensitivity scores. It is found that the Sobol' method with Gaussian progress regression as a surrogate model can produce reliable sensitivity results when the available samples exceed 200. The parameters with which the model simulations have the least RMSE values when compared with the observations are considered as the optimal parameters. Comparing observations and model simulations with the default and optimal parameters shows that predictions with the optimal set of parameters yield a 16.74 % improvement in the 10 m wind speed, 3.13 % in surface air temperature, 0.73 % in surface air pressure, and 9.18 % in precipitation predictions compared to the default set of parameters.
INTEGRATING MULTIBAND PHOTOGRAMMETRY, SCANNING, AND GPR FOR BUILT HERITAGE SURVEYS: THE FAÇADES OF CASTELLO DEL VALENTINO
Authors: Adamopoulos E. , Colombero C. , Comina C. , Rinaudo F. , Volinia M. , Girotto M. , Ardissono L.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The conservation of built heritage is a complex process that necessitates co-operative efforts. Holistic, integrated documentation constitutes a crucial step towards conservation by contributing to diagnosis and by extension to the effective decision-making about the required preventive and restorative interventions. It involves the recording of interdisciplinary data to produce objective diagnostical conclusions concerning the state of preservation. Although the developments in close-range sensing techniques allow increasingly accurate and rich data recording for heritage building condition surveys, the problem of combining them (to allow integrated processing) often remains unsolved. This is particularly true when surveys include vastly heterogenous documentation data. This work aims to discuss methodologies and implications of such integrations through a monumental heritage survey case – the Castello del Valentino in Turin (Italy). Visible-spectrum and infrared imagery is combined with photogrammetric techniques, terrestrial LiDAR, and microwave measurements conducted on the historical façades’ surfaces, to examine the comprehensiveness of the data fusion results, as well as conclusions that can be drawn regarding previous interventions and the current condition of the monument.
DEVELOPING A CO-DESIGN PROCESS MODEL FOR THE DIGITAL PRESENTATION OF INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE: A CASE STUDY OF “WARM INHERITORS DIGITAL DIABOLO”
Authors: Kong C. , Zhang L.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. As digital technologies are becoming gradually integrated into museums and the preservation of intangible cultural heritage (ICH), museums and the exhibitions of ICH are becoming more attractive and flexible. However, digital technologies may also bring some problems, such as cultural alienation. The participation of the inheritors and communities of ICH in the design of digital exhibitions could reduce such problems. The main contribution of this paper is a co-design process model for digital exhibitions of ICH. The study was conducted by the project, “Warm Inheritors Digital Diabolo”, which aimed to enhance the digital experience of diabolo by using virtual reality technology to implement interactive digital storytelling techniques. This project involved both designers and inheritors to realize the principle of respectful design. The results demonstrated the crucial role of inheritors and communities in the design process. This paper also offers some design recommendations.
AUTOMATIZING DEGRADATION MAPPING OF ANCIENT STELAE BY DUAL-BAND IMAGING AND MACHINE LEARNING-BASED CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Adamopoulos E. , Rinaudo F. , Adamopoulou D.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Degradation patterns are the visible consequence of the impacts of environmental factors and biological agents on stone heritage. Accurately documenting them is a key requisite when studying exposed stone antiquities to interpret weathering causes, identify conservation needs, and plan cleaning interventions. However, a significant gap can be identified in practical automatized procedures for mapping patterns on stone antiquities, such as ancient stelae. This work evaluates a workflow that uses visible and near-infrared imaging, combined with machine learning-based digital image segmentation tools, to classify degradation patterns on marble stelae correctly and cost-effectively. For this work, different classification methods are considered. Results are analyzed using error matrixes and reference degradation maps. The application cases include stelae displayed in the courtyard of the Archaeological Museum of Eretria (Euboea, Greece). The proposed methodology aims at being easily adapted to facilitate the conservators’ work.
RESEARCH ON THE DIGITAL RETENTION MECHANISM OF TIBETAN BUDDHISM ARCHITECTURE BASED ON UAV AND TLS: A CASE STUDY OF BAOGUANG HALL
Authors: Li Z. , Hou M. , Dong Y. , Wang J. , Ji Y. , Huo P.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Tibetan Buddhist architecture embodies ancient Chinese architectural culture and religious culture. In the past, the information retention mechanisms for ancient buildings were implemented as photos, tracings, and rubbings, which cannot fundamentally document the authenticity of architectural heritage. To explore the digital retention method for the unique style of Han Tibetan architecture，this research that based on the idea of reverse documentation first collects point cloud data with the technical support of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and then uses registration method to obtain the integral of the point cloud model of Baoguang Hall. This paper explores the possibility of extracting 2D and 3D information, such as architectural plans, facades, decorative components, and models of the temple architecture, by processing point cloud data. Finally, this study proves the feasibility of using digital technology for the preservation and protection of architectural heritage.
Forecasting Vegetation Condition with a Bayesian Auto-regressive Distributed Lags (BARDL) Model
Authors: Salakpi Edward E. , Hurley Peter D. , Muthoka James M. , Barrett Adam B. , Bowell Andrew , Oliver Seb , Rowhani Pedram
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Droughts form a large part of climate/weather-related disasters reported globally. In Africa, pastoralists living in the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) are the worse affected. Prolonged dry spells that cause vegetation stress in these regions have resulted in the loss of income and livelihoods. To curb this, global initiatives like the Paris Agreement and the United Nations recognised the need to establish Early Warning Systems (EWS) to save lives and livelihoods. Existing EWS use a combination of Satellite Earth Observation (EO) based biophysical indicators like the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and socio-economic factors to measure and monitor droughts. Most of these EWS rely on expert knowledge in estimating upcoming drought conditions without using forecast models. Recent research has shown that the use of robust algorithms like Auto-Regression, Gaussian Processes and Artificial Neural Networks can provide very skilled models for forecasting vegetation condition at short to medium range lead times. However, to enable preparedness for early action, forecasts with a longer lead time are needed. The objective of this research work is to develop models that forecast vegetation conditions at longer lead times on the premise that vegetation condition is controlled by factors like precipitation and soil moisture. To achieve this, we used a Bayesian Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (BARDL) modelling approach which enabled us to factor in lagged information from Precipitation and Soil moisture levels into our VCI forecast model. The results showed a ∼2-week gain in the forecast range compared to the univariate AR model used as a baseline. The R2 scores for the Bayesian ARDL model were 0.94, 0.85 and 0.74, compared to the AR model's R2 of 0.88, 0.77 and 0.65 for 6, 8 and 10 weeks lead time respectively.
Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from the single glacier to the regional scale: an application to High Mountain Asia
Authors: Compagno Loris , Huss Matthias , Miles Evan Stewart , McCarthy Michael James , Zekollari Harry , Pellicciotti Francesca , Farinotti Daniel
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Currently, about 12–13 % of High Mountain Asia's glacier area is debris-covered, altering its surface mass balance. However, in regional-scale modelling approaches, debris-covered glaciers are typically treated as clean-ice glaciers, leading to a potential bias when modelling their future evolution. Here, we present a new approach for modelling debris area and thickness evolution, applicable from single glaciers to the global scale. We implement the module into the Global Glacier Evolution Model (GloGEMflow), a combined mass-balance ice-flow model. The module is initialized with both glacier-specific observations of the debris’ spatial distribution and estimates of debris thickness, accounts for the fact that debris can either enhance or reduce surface melt depending on thickness, and enables representing the spatio-temporal evolution of debris extent and thickness. We calibrate and evaluate the module on a select subset of glaciers, and apply the model using different climate scenarios to project the future evolution of all glaciers in High Mountain Asia until 2100. Compared to 2020, total glacier volume is expected to decrease by between 35 ± 15 % and 80 ±11 %, which is in line with projections in the literature. Depending on the scenario, the mean debris-cover fraction is expected to increase, while mean debris thickness is modelled to show only minor changes, albeit large local thickening is expected. To isolate the influence of explicitly accounting for supraglacial debris-cover, we re-compute glacier evolution without the debris-cover module. We show that glacier geometry, area, volume and flow velocity evolve differently, especially at the level of individual glaciers. This highlights the importance of accounting for debris-cover and its spatio-temporal evolution when projecting future glacier changes.
Land-based wind turbines with flexible rail transportable blades – Part II: 3D FEM design optimization of the rotor blades
Authors: Camarena Ernesto , Anderson Evan , Paquette Josh , Bortolotti Pietro , Feil Roland , Johnson Nick
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Increasing growth in land-based wind turbine blades to enable higher machine capacities and capacity factors is creating challenges in design, manufacturing, logistics, and operation. Enabling further blade growth will require technology innovation. An emerging solution to overcome logistics constraints is to segment the blades spanwise and chordwise, which is effective, but the additional field-assembled joints result in added mass and loads, as well as increased reliability concerns in operation. An alternative to this methodology is to design slender flexible blades that can be shipped on rail lines by flexing during transport. However, the increased flexibility is challenging to accommodate with a typical glass-fiber, upwind design. In a two-part paper series, several design options are evaluated to enable slender flexible blades: downwind machines, optimized carbon fiber, and active aerodynamic controls. Part 1 presents the system-level optimization of the rotor variants as compared to conventional and segmented baselines, with a low-fidelity representation of the blades. The present work, Part 2, supplements the system-level optimization in Part 1 with high-fidelity blade structural optimization to ensure that the designs are at feasible optima with respect to material strength and fatigue limits, as well as global stability and structural dynamics constraints. To accommodate the requirements of the design process, a new version of the Numerical Manufacturing And Design (NuMAD) code has been developed and released. The code now supports laminate-level blade optimization and an interface to the International Energy Agency Wind Task 37 blade ontology. Transporting long, flexible blades via controlled flapwise bending is found to be a viable approach for blades up to 100 m. The results confirm that blade mass can be substantially reduced by going either to a downwind design or to a highly coned and tilted upwind design. A discussion of active and inactive constraints consisting of material rupture, fatigue damage, buckling, deflection, and resonant frequencies is presented. An analysis of driving load cases revealed that the downwind designs are dominated by loads from sudden, abrupt events like gusts rather than fatigue. Finally, an analysis of carbon fiber spar caps for downwind machines finds that, compared to typical carbon fibers, the use of a new heavy-tow carbon fiber in the spar caps is found to yield between 9 % and 13 % cost savings.
Justification of thermodynamic efficiency of the new air heat pump in the system of redistribution of energy resources at the enterprise
Authors: Stadnyk Igor , Sokolenko Anatoly , Piddubnuy Volodymyr , Vasylkivsky Kostiantyn , Chahaida Andrii , Fedoriv Viktor
Published: August 2021

The article evaluates the energy resources of the components of the environment and the prospects for their use on the redistribution with the creation of local zones of cooling and heating. The physical basis of the principle and systems of redistribution and transformations of energy resources of environments with coverage of the role of compensation processes is given. The use of closed energy circuits with intermediate energy sources, which are subject to phase transitions of evaporation and condensation, and data of energy potentials of ambient air, which are practically achievable for use on this basis, is proposed. The article shows the advantages of arranging systems for redistribution of thermal potentials based on the use of phase transitions of material media. Determination of energy balances of energy redistribution systems is carried out with the indication that in the end, such a method is the most energy-efficient. Upon completion of technological tasks, local areas with different energy potentials and temperatures degrade in dissipation processes and transform to the level of environmental indicators. This means interfering with the environment only at the level of energy costs in compensation processes. The article shows the transition to secondary recovery systems of energy resources based on the use of primary energy sources in environmental transformations at the levels of increasing their energy potentials and providing phase transitions with appropriate mathematical formalizations. A regression analysis of the feasibility of using primary energy potentials is given. It is proved that in the heat pump due to the generated mechanical energy the heat return at the level of the lost one. The estimation of the general condition of processes at power effects is given. The offered air pump and system of realization of a refrigerating cycle are considered. The redistribution of energy potentials of natural, forcibly created environments or systems and the synthesis on this basis of powerful heat fluxes in combination with advanced control methods, allows you to control their values of thermodynamic parameters.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN DENGAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) DI WILAYAH PUTRA PONDOK PESANTREN ALQODIRI JEMBER
Authors: Eka Suryaningtyas  , Ide Rocky
Published: August 2021

Latar belakang: Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) is a set of behaviors practiced on the basis of awareness and can help itself in the field of health and realize public health. The purpose of this research is to know, identify and analyze Relation Education Level With Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) in the Boys English Camp area of Al-Qodiri Boarding School in Jember.

Metode: This research design using Corelative design, approach Cross Sectional. In this study is done only once. By observing the education level and measurement of Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). The respondents are all residents of English Camp area of Al-Qodiri Boarding School in Jember as much as 61 Santri. With Total Sampling. The study was conducted on April 07, in the Boys English Camp area of Al-Qodiri Boarding School in Jember

Hasil: Based on the result of the research, most of education level is SMA equal to 35 students (57,4%) and most of Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) as much as 49 santri (80,3%). After analyzing the data using Kendall's Tau, the result of p value: 0.000 <0.05 concluded H1 accepted, it means there is Relation of Education Level With Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) ) in the Boys English Camp area of Al-Qodiri Boarding School in Jember

Kesimpulan: Based on the results of research, the higher the education level of santri, so better its Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS).
Review and analysis of patrimonial and meritocratic governance concepts
Authors: Charkviani Tamar
Published: August 2021

A theoretical and methodological approach of the paper is the analysis of general neopatrimonial and social network theories – to understand both the dominant trend and variations in reform trajectories in Georgian civil service. This work introduces the concepts of neopatrimonialism, bureaucracy, meritocracy and informal networks examining their origins and defining characteristics. This is followed by consideration of the nature of the public sector in Georgia, exploring the implications of neopatrimonialism for public sector capacity and performance. In setting up the contrast between neopatrimonial and meritocratic bureaucracies, we have chosen to emphasize two points that lend themselves to relatively objective empirical assessment. The first is the importance of meritocratic recruitment, ideally based on some combination of education and examination, second is a predictable career ladder, which provides long term tangible and intangible rewards for those who have been recruited into the bureaucracy.
Review of Published Case Reports of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis with Search of Therapeutic Potential in Ayurveda and Homeopathy
Authors: Javed Danish , Dixit Ashish Kumar , Vats Himanshi
Published: August 2021

Background and Objectives: Infection with COVID-19 has been linked to fungal diseases. The sudden increase in mucormycosis cases has sparked the scientific community interest. In this review, we attempted to investigate the role of Ayurveda and Homoeopathy in the treatment of mucormycosis.
Methodology: The research was carried out in three stages; first step, studies on COVID-19 and mucormycosis were searched on various databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar until May 21, 2021, second step was to search authentic Ayurvedic and Homeopathic text books for the context of mucormycosis and symptoms were repertorised to find homeopathic medicines and finally, in the last step, findings were analysed and concluded in order to arrive at a factual solution.
Result: We found total 16 search results from bio-medical databases of which 14 articles were included. Except source books, no studies with respect to Ayurveda and Homoeopathy were found in above databases. In Ayurveda, Rajyakshama and krimijshirorog has close similarity to COVID associated mucormycosis. Vrinhana, vata-pitta nashakmadhuraushadhi, gritpaan,dugdha, nasya, dhum, kawal, gandush, mriduvirechan may be beneficial along with immune boosting drugs like ashawagandha, giloya, tulsi, vidanga etc. Rhino-orbito-cerbral mucormycosis (ROCM) can be treated with Arsenic album, Kali bichromicum, and Merc solubilis, while pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) with Arsenic album, Phosphorus and Acalypha indica. Similarly, gastrointestinal mucormycosis (GM) and cutaneous mucormycosis (CM) can be combated with Arsenic album, Lachesis, Merc Corrosivus etc. and Anthracinum, Arsenic album, Lachesis, Sulphur, Secale cornutum, and so on in Homoeopathy.
Conclusion: In the absence of rigorous trials, the review results found no conclusive comment on the efficacy of CAM in mucormycosis, but anecdotal evidence suggests in favour. To demonstrate its role, rigorous, exploratory, pilot, randomised control trials should be conducted in the future, either alone or as an add-on.

Key words: COVID-19; Mucormycosis; Black Fungus; Post-COVID-19 care; Rehabilitation; Ayurveda; Homoeopathy.
Intussusception as a Manifestation of COVID -19
Authors: Jayaram Athira , Sareen Khushboo , Dedwal Ashiwini
Published: August 2021

COVID 19 has created a havoc in the world and has brought the world to a standstill. Everyday we get to learn something new about the powerful virus. COVID has different varied clinical presentations. Besides respiratory symptoms many children present with GI symptoms during this 2nd wave of COVID.
We present a case of a 10 year male child who presented with features of intussusception with a history of URTI 5 days prior to acute abdomen. Unlike other cases where children respond nicely to post operative conventional treatment, this child went downhill inspite of aggressive management in PICU. In view of ongoing pandemic and mother who was found to be COVID positive, a thought if the child could be suffering from COVID and its complications. Throat swab for RTPCR SARS CoV-2 was found to be positive and acute viral inflammatory markers were found to be highly elevated. A diagnosis of Severe COVID-19 with cytokine storm manifesting as intussusception was made.
All children with acute abdomen should be evaluated for COVID 19. Out of all the atypical manifestations, intussusception being one of the rare manifestations of COVID 19 [1].

Key words: Covid, intussusception, cytokine storm, RTPCR.
Identification of Different Class of Drugs causing Medication Related Problems in the Elderly Patients of Dakshina Kannada
Authors: Pradhan Abhishek , Benny Febin , Shabaraya A.R
Published: August 2021

Medication related problems (MRPs) can be defined as an event or situation involving drug therapy that potentially interferes with desired health outcome.
The aim of the study was to identify the class of drugs that are commonly causing medication related problems in elderly patients. This study was conducted in 150 patients aged over 60 years for a duration of six months. The data were collected using a patient interview form and was analysed using Microsoft Excel 2016.
Out of 150 patients participated in the study, 107 patients were identified with MRPs. And a total of 196 MRPs were identified from those 107 patients. The patients who were treated with cardiovascular agents where more prone to medication related problems and was found to be 57%. They were followed by endocrine agents (33%), gastro-protectants (21%), respiratory agents (17%) & others.
This study concluded that, pharmacist can be helpful in identification and prevention of MRPs leading to a better healthcare outcomes.

Keywords: Medication related problem, elderly population, class of drug.