bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foodborne bacteria in slaughterhouses : with focus on cleaning and disinfection
Authors: Moazzami Madeleine
Published: November 2023

Proper cleaning and disinfection (C&D) in slaughterhouses and meat processing premises is a prerequisite for production of safe, high-quality meat. An example of how inadequate C&D can affect human health is provided by the strong increase in number of human cases of campylobacteriosis in Sweden in 2016-2017 due to insufficiently cleaned transport crates for chicken. This thesis evaluated the efficacy of C&D procedures in slaughterhouses and adjacent meat processing premises by testing for pathogenic and hygiene indicator bacteria on equipment, facilities and carcasses. Different sampling methods used for assessing surface cleanliness were compared and slaughterhouses with associated meat processing premises in Sweden were interviewed regarding their C&D routines and monitoring activities. The results indicated that the C&D procedures used for surfaces in the slaughterhouse premises were sufficient regarding removal/inactivation of pathogenic bacteria. However, only approximately half of the surfaces were assessed as sufficiently cleaned, as the amount of hygiene indicator bacteria was high. Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli and Listeria monocytogenes were detected on food contact surfaces, indicating high risk of contamination of carcasses and meat. The same L. monocytogenes strain was found in a red meat slaughterhouse environment on three occasions 15 weeks apart, while a C. jejuni strain showed potential to spread within a poultry slaughterhouse. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli was not detected. New technologies such as 265 nm UV-C LED irradiation on chicken transport crates and ultrasound-steam treatment and chilling of broiler carcasses were shown to give significant bacterial reductions. However, these techniques require a certain time of action that is difficult to combine with high slaughter speed in an industrial setting. Dipslides and ATP-bioluminescence were found to be of varying reliability, but are commonly used by Swedish slaughterhouses with associated meat processing premises.
LEGAL VALIDITY OF LAND TENURE BY FOREIGNERS THROUGH MIXED MARRIAGES OBTAINED FROM INHERITANCE FROM THE UUPA PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Mahendra I Gusti Made Oka , Yustiawan Dewa Gede Pradnyana
Published: November 2023

This scientific paper aims to examine the legal validity of land tenure by foreigners through mixed marriages obtained from inheritance, with a focus on the perspective of the UUPA (Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria). It also investigates the legal consequences that arise from the cancellation of ownership rights to land obtained through inheritance by foreigners. The presence of mixed marriages in Indonesia has implications for joint property ownership in marriage. According to Article 35 of the Marriage Law, joint property refers to assets acquired during marriage that become shared property. However, Article 21, paragraph (3) of the Basic Agrarian Law (Law No. 5/1960) lacks clarity in terms of norms governing land tenure by foreigners derived from inheritance. This ambiguity arises from the absence of a defined time limit or clear provisions regarding land tenure by foreigners through inheritance. This research utilizes normative legal research methods, employing legislative, conceptual, and analytical approaches. Foreign nationals can acquire land ownership if they enter into a mixed marriage with Indonesian citizens. In such cases, the land must remain under the ownership of the Indonesian citizen, with a joint property separation agreement established prior to the mixed marriage. The heirs of foreign nationals can still hold Hak milik land acquired through inheritance, but only for a period of one year. After this period, the land reverts to state ownership. Foreign nationals have the option to sell the land to an Indonesian citizen or apply for a Right of Use through the National Land Agency, in accordance with the applicable regulations.
THE CRIMINALIZATION OF COVERING MUSIC SONGS WITHOUT PERMISSION: EXPLORING THE LEGAL IMPLICATIONS, PIRACY, TAX LAWS, AND ACTS OF CORRUPTION
Authors: Harwanto Edi Ribut
Published: November 2023

Enforcement of criminal law within the Copyright Act alone is insufficient to effectively address acts of piracy, duplication, cover songs, distribution, and management of copyrighted music and songs. Offenders without a license/permit are subject to both criminal and civil sanctions. The Criminal Law No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright also imposes criminal sanctions for pirates, cover songs, and music rearrangement without permission from copyright holders or related rights. This study identifies two main issues. Firstly, there is a weak implementation of criminal sanctions in copyright law, particularly concerning juridical aspects in the formulation of criminal law provisions (penal policy). Secondly, there is a need for understanding among copyright holders, related rights, and offenders to operationalize law enforcement by employing other relevant laws outside copyright law. The use of criminal acts of corruption and taxation can be an effective effort to protect the law and ensure legal certainty. To address these issues, this research employs a socio-legal approach, which combines doctrinal studies with social studies. This integration is based on the belief that the rule of law cannot operate in isolation when dealing with copyright piracy of songs and music in Indonesia. The post-positivism paradigm underpins this study, acknowledging the reality based on experience while maintaining the researcher's objectivity towards the subject. Empirical verification, hypothesis testing, and maintaining a clear distinction between the researcher and the object under study are emphasized throughout this research.
LEGAL PROTECTION AGAINST THE CASE OF PT. MOTTOLEDO AS A VIOLATOR OF FEN LIE PATENT RIGHTS
Authors: Tirandika Putu Reza Aditya , Karma Resen Made Gde Subha
Published: November 2023

Intellectual property rights (IPR) pertain to property rights derived from human intellectual capabilities, encompassing various forms of talent displayed in technology, science, art, and literature. Adequate legal protection is essential for intellectual works to nurture societal creativity and ensure successful safeguarding of intellectual property rights. This study aims to assess the legal protection of intellectual property rights against PT Mottoledo Fen Lie Agen as a patent infringer. This study employs a normative legal study approach, focusing on the positive legal norms governing the protection of intellectual property rights against PT Mottoledo Fen Lie Agent's patent infringement. The study identifies the substantive requirements for patentability of an invention, namely: novelty, inventive steps, and industrial applicability, as specified in Articles 2-5 of the Patent Law. Concerning copyrighted books and similar works, the protection system discussed earlier adopts an automatic approach. This means that creators do not need to undergo a registration process to obtain legal protection; protection automatically exists from the moment the copyrighted work is created as a tangible expression, such as a copyrighted book, etc.
CRIMINAL ACCOUNTABILITY FOR CIVIL SERVANT (CPNS) ADMISSION FRAUD
Authors: Abdillah Akhmad Rezaldi Fahd , Astutik Sri
Published: November 2023

Several instances of misconduct have occurred, wherein certain individuals have taken advantage of public interest surrounding the CPNS registration process. In 2018, Defendants AD and SH profited IDR 200 million. In 2019, Defendant HB gained a profit of up to 5.7 billion Rupiah through the CPNS Recruitment mode, and in 2021, (ON) amassed a profit of 9.7 billion Rupiah. This research aims to analyze the application of the law to cases of fraud perpetrated against Candidates for Civil Servants (CPNS), and propose preventive measures to curb instances of fraud under the guise of a special pathway. The study is conducted through both normative and sociological legal research, utilizing a sociological interpretive approach. The Statute Approach and Case Approach are employed in this study. Legal material is gathered using library techniques, and the analysis of legal materials is performed using qualitative methods. The study's findings reveal that: (1) CPNS registration is strictly free of charge, and any claims suggesting the availability of internal routes for assistance are baseless. Perpetrators of such acts are subject to charges under Article 378 of the Criminal Code, which involves deceiving and causing harm to others. (2) Candidates applying for CPNS positions need not seek any special means to pass the selection process, as the principle of Bureaucratic Reform within the state civil apparatus prohibits any form of illicit practice.
Uso de hidrocortisona en la etapa inicial de la neumonía grave de la comunidad
Authors: Chillogallo Ochoa Joel Alexander , Novillo Cevallos Novillo Cevallos
Published: November 2023

Introducción: La neumonía adquirida en la comunidad es un problema que afecta a los sistemas de salud de países desarrollados y subdesarrollados, representa la sexta causa de muerte de forma general y la primera en patologías infecciosas, ubicándose con una mortalidad del 8 al 15% globalmente. La gravedad depende de criterios elaborados por sociedades científicas, las cuales ofrecen los lineamientos para el manejo y la adyuvancia con corticoesteroides sistémicos.
Objetivo: Describir la evidencia actual la cual sustente el beneficio clínico del uso de la hidrocortisona en pacientes con neumonía grave adquirida en la comunidad.
Desarrollo: La terapia complementaria con hidrocortisona mostró ser beneficiosa para ciertos fenotipos con neumonía grave adquirida en la comunidad, se evidencio que reduce la mortalidad, estancia hospitalaria, riesgo de ventilación mecánica o su duración, puede estar asociada a reingreso hospitalario e hiperglucemia, sin embargo, no se vinculó con el aumento de infecciones nosocomiales o hemorragia gastrointestinal.
Conclusión: Es importante como médicos que atendemos a pacientes en estado crítico, encontrar la información proveniente de guías certificadas y avaladas por organismos e instituciones científicas competentes locales e internacionales, para implementar la mejor terapia para pacientes con neumonía grave adquirida en la comunidad.
An Empirical Model for Fourier Amplitude Spectra using the NGA-West2 Database
Authors: Bayless Jeff , Abrahamson Norman
Published: November 2023

An empirical ground-motion model (GMM) for shallow crustal earthquakes in California and Nevada based on the NGA-West2 database [Ancheta et al. 2014] is presented. Rather than the traditional response spectrum GMM, this model is developed for the smoothed effective amplitude spectrum (EAS) as defined by PEER [Goulet et al. 2018]. The EAS is the orientation- independent horizontal component Fourier amplitude spectrum (FAS) of ground acceleration. The model is developed using a database dominated by California earthquakes, but takes advantage of crustal earthquake data worldwide to constrain the magnitude scaling and geometric spreading. The near-fault saturation is guided by finite-fault numerical simulations and non-linear site amplification is incorporated using a modified version of Hashash et al. [2018]. The model is applicable for rupture distances of 0–300 km, M 3.0 – 8.0, and over the frequency range 0.1–100 Hz. The model is considered applicable for Vs30 in the range 180–1500 m/sec, although it is not well constrained for Vs30 values greater than 1000 m/sec. Models for the median and the aleatory variability of the EAS are developed. Regional models for Japan and Taiwan will be developed in a future update of the model. A MATLAB program that implements the EAS GMM is provided as an electronic appendix.
An In-Depth Analysis of Covid-19 Medications and Vaccination with A Focus on Side Effects
Authors: Banerjee Jishnu , Ghosh Rajdeep , Paul Ananya , Banik Soumyajit , Halder Sumit , Sarkar Joy
Published: November 2023

Background: A pandemic threat to public health has been posed by the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. To deal with the severe situation caused by this outbreak, medications were used, but we weren't thinking about the potential negative effects. This review sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various medications in COVID-19 patients, as well as the present state of medications and their adverse effects.
Methods: Several literature and databases were searched and analysed properly from 2020 to 2022 to find the relevant databases on the usage of proper medications.
Results: During COVID-19, many antivirals, antibiotics, and conventional drug therapy were in high demand. Many antivirals, including Remdesivir and Ritonavir, were tried, but they had a number of adverse effects, including hypokalaemia, headaches, and nausea. Another issue with the use of drugs in this pandemic is antibiotic resistance. Since vaccines are relatively new, adverse symptoms like fever, discomfort, chills, tiredness, nausea/vomiting, headache, and insomnia have so far been reported.
Conclusion: This analysis outlines a progressive change in the medical community, where simple treatment procedures have shown to be more successful than those using many drugs, producing better patient results. This indicates a shift in medical practice toward more simplified and effective modes of care.
Comprehensive Approach to Address Anaemia: Beyond Conventional Methods
Authors: Shivale Shubham J , Madamanchi Divya , B S Akhila , Vajjala Sai Mahesh
Published: November 2023

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Nutritional Content of Brown Rice and White Rice from Organic Rice of Mentik Susu Varieties with Parboiled Method
Authors:   Food Technology Study Program, Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Indonesia, Nirmagustina Dwi Eva , Handayani Sri ,   Management Agribisnis Study Program, Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Indonesia
Published: November 2023

Parboiled rice is rice produced from milled dry grain (MDG) that has received cleaning, soaking, steaming, drying, and milling treatments. It is very rare that the parboiling process is done on brown rice or white rice. In this study, the parboiling process was carried out on MDG, brown rice, and white rice from the organic rice of Mentik Susu variety. The study consisted of six treatments, unparboiled brown rice, parboiled brown rice, brown rice from parboiled MDG, white rice, parboiled white rice, and white rice from parboiled MDG. The results showed that the parboiling process had an effect on content of carbohydrates, protein, fat, crude fiber, ash, starch, and amylose but had no effect on the water content. The parboiling process affects brown rice more than white rice. The parboiling process increases carbohydrate and starch content but decreases protein, crude fiber, and ash content of brown rice. The parboiling process increases carbohydrates but reduces crude fiber in brown rice from MDG. The parboiling process reduces protein and ash content of white rice.
Leadership Styles and Employee Performance during COVID-19: A Case Study of Pakistani Organizations
Authors: Babar Yusra , Babar Humna , Sheikh Babar Ashraf , Rasheed Mazia
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has delivered unparalleled challenges to global organizations, impacting leadership patterns and employee overall performance. The research efforts summarized the management patterns and employee performance inside the context of Pakistani companies during the pandemic. It explores the effect of transformational, transactional, autocratic, and democratic management styles on workers' overall performance, job pleasure, and motivation. The management demanding situations examined emerged during the duration of COVID-19 and the adaptive practices hired by way of leaders. The findings offer potential insights for organizational leaders and practitioners, highlighting the dynamic and responsive management technique in times of crisis. In this case study, three distinguished Pakistani companies (Acme Pharmaceuticals, Green Tech Solutions, and Global Logistics) were tested. These agencies were decided to symbolize a diverse variety of industries and organizational systems, supplying a comprehensive attitude on leadership patterns and employee overall performance throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.
Top Management Team Expansion Study: A New Approach Based on the Team Life Cycle
Authors: Xiong Bin , Cai Jinxiang
Published: November 2023

The top management team occupies the position at the top of the organizational management hierarchy, is charged with making strategic decisions, and is crucial to the success of the entire business. The study of top management teams has increased dramatically since the publication of the upper echelons theory. The research findings on the relationship between demographic characteristics and their differences and corporate performance, however, lack stability. This is true whether discussing the relationship between the characteristics of the top management team and organizational performance from the perspective of the team's demographic characteristics and their differences or concentrating on the top management team's interaction process to study the mediating role of team process variables between the team's demographic characteristics and strategic decisions and corporate performance. This paper explores a unique research path for the study of top management teams by reviewing the research lineage of these teams, analyzing the shortcomings of previous studies, and proposing a new line of inquiry based on the team life cycle viewpoint.
CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOLÓGICAS DE ACESSOS DE PIMENTAS SOB CULTIVO AGROECOLÓGICO
Authors: Rocha Tawanny Stephaniee Lima , Da Silva Edvar de Sousa , De Lima Cristina Sá , Pires Gilcineide Araújo , Dias Joana de Oliveira
Published: November 2023

O estudo morfológico de pimentas tem por finalidade identificar e diferenciar as espécies presentes em determinada área de cultivo. Isso, se deve a ampla variedade de tipos de pimentas pode levar a confusão na nomenclatura, dependendo do local onde é cultivada, visto que às vezes podem ser o mesmo tipo de pimenta, com diferente nome popular, ou ter a mesma denominação e serem muito diferentes. O presente estudo teve como propósito principal a avaliação das características morfológicas de diversos acessos de pimentas que foram cultivados sob práticas agroecológicas. Foram analisados quatro acessos de pimentas domesticadas do gênero Capsicum, e para cada acesso, foram avaliadas cinco plantas, utilizando um total de 37 descritores morfológicos. O estudo foi realizado no Instituto Federal do Acre - Campus Avançado Rio Branco Baixada do Sol, situado no municipio de Rio Branco - AC, no período de junho de 2018 a janeiro de 2019. Os acessos de pimentas utilizados foram: C. annuum, C. frutescens, C. chinense (curabiá) e C.chinense (pimenta de cheiro). Todos foram cultivados em ambiente protegido a base de tela sombreadora de 50%. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa revelaram a existência de variabilidade significativa entre os acessos das pimentas C.annuum, C. frutescens, C. chinense (curabiá), C. chinense (pimenta de cheiro) quando cultivados sob práticas agroecologicamente. Destacando que essa foi observada inclusive entre acessos da mesma espécie, enfatizando a importância do estudo morfológico para uma caracterização precisa dessas variedades de pimenta.
EVALUASI PROGRAM CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PT GASING SULAWESI
Authors: Jasrani Jasrani , Arafat Arafat , Firdaus Firdaus
Published: November 2023

This article evaluates the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) or social responsibility of PT Gasing Sulawesi, a mining company C in its operational area, Oko-Oko Village, Pomalaa District, Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. The research conducted is qualitative. Primary data collection through observation to interviews in April-May 2022 in Oko-Oko Village with eight informants using purposive sampling, namely two informants from PT Gasing Sulawesi, the village head, village secretary, and the head of Oko-Oko village representative body and three informants from the community benefit recipients. The research results are in four indicators. On the input indicator, CSR assistance with village operations is higher (60%) than the needs of the village community (40%). On the process indicator, PT Gasing assists in stages every year based on the village government's report. On the output indicator, the village government used CSR to realize physical development in the form of a mosque, village roads, procurement of electricity meters, and house renovation but has not yet touched on educational scholarships. As for the impact indicator, considered is not evenly distributed across all layers or social groups, especially vulnerable communities.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA VIDEO ANIMASI PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPAS KELAS IV SD
Authors: Qifsy Laura Amara , Hidayati Abna , Saputra Andra
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini dirasa luar biasa untuk membuat media video yang dimeriahkan sebagai media pembelajaran mata pelajaran IPA pada Tinjauan IV sehingga media yang substansial, berakal sehat dan berhasil dapat dimanfaatkan oleh para pengajar dan siswa. Jenis penyelidikan tentang penelitian kemajuan ini dikenal sebagai Investigate and Improvement (R&D). Model kemajuan yang digunakan dalam kemajuan ini adalah 4D. Pemodelan 4D ini terdiri dari empat langkah, yaitu Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan mengetahui pengembangan media video animasi pada mata pelajaran IPAS kelas IV SD. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi Validator Media, Validator Dokumen rerata skor Validasi Media adalah 4,8 “Sangat Valid”. Hasil validasi Validator Mater rerata 4,74 “Sangat Baik”. Media video animasi ini dinilai "nyaman" berdasarkan pengujian di dunia nyata dengan nilai rata-rata 5.
ANALYSIS OF INTEREST IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP THROUGH LEARNING CREATIVE PRODUCTS IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND BUSINESS CENTERS FOR STUDENTS
Authors: Khoirina Alifia Sabila , Martha Jefry Aulia
Published: November 2023

This research aims to determine students' interest in entrepreneurship through learning entrepreneurial creative products and business center activities. This research uses a qualitative approach. This type of research is phenomenological with the main informants namely students and supporting informants namely PKK teacher and business center management teacher. Data collection techniques in this research used observation and interviews. Data analysis in this research includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Checking the validity of the data in this research used reference materials, triangulation and increased observation persistence. The results of the research can be described as follows: Class XI BDP students have an interest in entrepreneurship and are very interested in becoming entrepreneurs after studying PKK and participating in a business center. the students thought that through PKK learning and participating in the business center program, they would train themselves to be confident in selling. Some students are interested in becoming entrepreneurs because of the interesting PKK learning and exciting business center activities. They think that being an entrepreneur is very beneficial for themselves because it will produce the best results if done in the right and diligent manner. some other students are interested in becoming entrepreneurs because of the results obtained from the sales process, this makes students want to continue selling and make a profit.
Un futuro para la filosofía en el ciberpresente
Authors: Bonilla Suárez Uriel
Published: November 2023

En el actual contexto en reorganización por la influencia del ciberespacio cruzado, entre otras, por las contradicciones entre control y comunicación y por el impacto de las inteligencias artificiales damos cuenta del curso dirigido por Jesús Zamora Bonilla y titulado Filosofía del Futuro y el Futuro de la Filosofía (enero de 2023). En el mismo se ha dibujado el campo de los estudios del futuro y se ha reflexionado sobre el papel que en ellos pudiera jugar la filosofía. También se ha vuelto a plantear el problema de sus condiciones de supervivencia.
Comparative assessment of the effective population size and linkage disequilibrium of Karan Fries cattle revealed viable population dynamics
Authors: Bhardwaj Shivam , Togla Oshin , Mumtaz Shabahat , Yadav Nistha , Tiwari Jigyasha , Muansangi Lal , Illa Satish Kumar , Wani Yaser Mushtaq , Mukherjee Sabyasachi , Mukherjee Anupama
Published: November 2023

Objective: Karan Fries (KF), a high-producing composite cattle was developed through crossing indicine Tharparkar cows with taurine bulls (Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss, and Jersey), to increase the milk yield across India. This composite cattle population must maintain sufficient genetic diversity for long-term development and breed improvement in the coming years. The level of linkage disequilibrium (LD) measures the influence of population genetic forces on the genomic structure and provides insights into the evolutionary history of populations, while the decay of LD is important in understanding the limits of genome-wide association studies for a population. Effective population size (Ne) which is genomically based on LD accumulated over the course of previous generations, is a valuable tool for e valuation of the genetic diversity and level of inbreeding. The present study was undertaken to understand KF population dynamics through the estimation of Ne and LD for the longterm sustainability of these breeds.Methods: The present study included 96 KF samples genotyped using Illumina HDBovine array to estimate the effective population and examine the LD pattern. The genotype data were also obtained for other crossbreds (Santa Gertrudis, Brangus, and Beefmaster) and Holstein Friesian cattle for comparison purposes.Results: The average LD between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was r2 = 0.13 in the present study. LD decay (r2 = 0.2) was observed at 40 kb inter-marker distance, indicating a panel with 62,765 SNPs was sufficient for genomic breeding value estimation in KF cattle. The pedigree-based Ne of KF was determined to be 78, while the Ne estimates obtained using LD-based methods were 52 (SNeP) and 219 (genetic optimization for Ne estimation), respectively.Conclusion: KF cattle have an Ne exceeding the FAO's minimum recommended level of 50, which was desirable. The study also revealed significant population dynamics of KF cattle and increased our understanding of devising suitable breeding strategies for longterm sustainable development.
miR-133a-3p and miR-145-5p co-promote goat hair follicle stem cell differentiation by regulating NANOG and SOX9 expression
Authors: Wang Jian , Wu Xi , Zhang Liuming , Wang Qiang , Sun Xiaomei , Ji Dejun , Li Yongjun
Published: November 2023

Objective: Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) differentiation is a critical physiological progress in skin hair follicle (HF) formation. Goat HFSCs differentiation is one of the essential processes of superior-quality brush hair (SQBH) synthesis. However, knowledge regarding the functions and roles of miR-133a-3p and miR-145-5p in differentiated goat HFSCs is limited.Methods: To examine the significance of chi-miR-133a-3p and chi-miR-145-5p in differentiated HFSCs, overexpression and knockdown experiments of miR-133a-3p and miR-145-5p (Mimics and Inhibitors) separately or combined were performed. NANOG, SOX9, and stem cell differentiated markers (β-catenin, C-myc, Keratin 6 [KRT6]) expression levels were detected and analyzed by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays in differentiated goat HFSCs.Results: miR-133a-3p and miR-145-5p inhibit NANOG (a gene recognized in keeping and maintaining the totipotency of embryonic stem cells) expression and promote SOX9 (an important stem cell transcription factor) expression in differentiated stem cells. Functional studies showed that miR-133a-3p and miR-145-5p individually or together overexpression can facilitate goat HFSCs differentiation, whereas suppressing miR-133a-3p and miR-145-5p or both inhibiting can inhibit goat HFSCs differentiation.Conclusion: These findings could more completely explain the modulatory function of miR-133a-3p and miR-145-5p in goat HFSCs growth, which also provide more understandings for further investigating goat hair follicle development.
— Invited Review — Current status of global pig production: an overview and research trends
Authors: Kim Sung Woo , Gormley Alexa , Jang Ki Beom , Duarte Marcos Elias
Published: November 2023

Global pig production has increased by 140% since the 1960s. The increase in global population, coupled with improving socioeconomic conditions of many countries has led to an increased consumption of meat globally, including pork. To keep up with demand and capitalize on economic opportunities, the countries of China, the United States (US), and the European Union (EU) have become the top 3 pork producers globally. China is of particular interest, as it is the both the largest country in pork production and pig numbers, as well as being the largest importer of pork from other countries. Globally, the efficiency of pork production has improved, in relation to the integration of pig production and the dramatic increase in research efforts in pig nutrition and production. Through integration, large producers can consolidate resources and maximize profits and efficiency. The increased research interest and efforts in pig production have given scientists and producers the opportunity to collaborate to adapt to challenges and identify possible solutions to issues brought on by a volatile global market. Intestinal health (23%), general nutrition and growth (23%), and amino acid nutrition (15%) were the top 3 areas (61%) leading research trends in pig nutrition and production. Major dietary interventions with feed additives evaluated include functional amino acids, feed enzymes, pre-/pro-/post-biotics, and phytobiotics with a common goal to improve the growth efficiency by enhancing nutrient utilization and intestinal health. With increasing global issues with environment, pig producers and the supporting scientists should continue their efforts to improve the production efficiency and to reduce the environmental footprint from pig production.
Pengaruh Bullying Terhadap Keaktifan Siswa Kelas XI Farmasi Di SMK Teknomedika Plus
Authors: Fahira Kholisa , Maulida Hervina , Akbar Sudrajat Muhammad , Darmawan Rendi , Rahayu Sri , Andestend Andestend
Published: November 2023

Dampak bullying tidak hanya dirasakan oleh korban bullying, akan tetapi juga berimplikasi terhadap prilaku bullying. Dampak bullying terhadap kesehatan mental korban meliputi rasa marah yang meluap-luap, depresi, rendah diri, cemas, kualitas tidur menurun, nafsu makan menurun, keinginan menyakiti diri sendiri, hingga bunuh diri. Untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya tindak prilaku bullying terdapat beberapa pertanyaan, (1) apakah anda pernah menjadi pelaku bullying?, (2) jika anda pernah menjadi pelaku bullying, apakah anda membully bersama dengan kelompok anda?, (3) apakah anda pernah menjadi korban bullying?, (4) jika anda menjadi korban bullying, apakah anda akan memberontak/melawan?, (5) jika ada temen anda yang menjadi pelaku/korban bullying, apakah anda akan melaporkan hal tersebut kepada pihak sekolah?, (6) menurut anda, apakah bisa menggunakan teknologi dan jejaring sosial baru untuk menyakiti orang lain?, (7) apakah menurut anda agresi di antara siswa adalah masalah pusat ini?, (8) pernahkah anda merasa terintimidasi di kelas atau diancam?, (9) apakah anda bersedia melakukan sesuatu untuk membantu orang yang menjadi korban bullying?
Implementasi Pembelajaran Kitab Targhib Wa Tarhib Pada Bab Sholat Di Kelas I’dad C1 Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Religiusitas Siswa (Santri Pondok Pesantren Darun Najah Karangploso Malang)
Authors: Yudi Wah , Diah Rohmah Rindi Antika
Published: November 2023

Pendidikan adalah hal penting yang harus diemban oleh semua orang. Tanpa pendidikan seseorang tidak akan bisa maju dan berkembang untuk menunaikan segala tujuan hidupnya. Dalam prosesnya pendidikan tidak selalu harus melalui lembaga formal. Lembaga informal juga bisa menjadi sebuah usaha dalam pendidikan yang terpenting didalamnya terdapat suatu tujuan yang harus tercapai pendidikan yang ada di Indonesia salah satu tujuan menanamkan sifat religius, oleh sebab itu peneliti ingin meneliti bagai mana cara menamkan serta meningkatkan sifat religius kepada peserta didik dengan melalui kitab targhib wa targhib, untuk memperoleh hasil penelitian ini dengan baik peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, sebagaimana kita ketahui kitab targhib meruapan salah satu kitab untuk menanamkan sifat religius seorang peserta didik melalui materi-yang ada dalam kitab tersebut dengan usaha tenaga pendidik dalam menanamkan isi materi yang ada dalam kitab tersebut seperti melalui praktik dan drill merupakan salah satu cara mentrasnfer ilmu kepada peserta didik sehingga benar-benar melekat dalam diri peserta didik ilimu yang ada dalam kitab targhib wa targhib sehingga meningkatkan sifat lerigius peserta didik-didik.
Pengembangan Buku Ajar Bahasa Arab Berbasis Permainan Edukatif Kosakata Dan Kalimat Bahasa Arab
Authors: Septyningrum Nur Ainun , Aisa Aufia
Published: November 2023

his research is motivated by the lack of students at MA Al-Bairuny Jombang in mastering Arabic vocabulary so that it affects the low interest and learning achievement. This is because the learning process that takes place is only done conventionally which in the end causes students to tend to be passive and easily bored in learning Arabic. Therefore, this research aims to develop Arabic textbooks based on Arabic vocabulary and sentence educational games as a solution to overcome the lack of students' Arabic vocabulary mastery. The method used in this research is RD by adopting the ADDIE model. The subjects in this study were students of class X IPS 1 MA Al-Bairuny Jombang, totaling 25 children. Data collection instruments used in the form of interviews, questionnaires and tests. The types of data analyzed produce qualitative and quantitative data including: 1) teaching materials have been developed in the form of Arabic textbooks based on Arabic vocabulary and sentences educational games. 2) based on the validity test, the textbook developed reached a very valid feasibility level with an average of 93,33% from material experts and 83,57% from media experts. 3) the level of effectiveness of the textbooks is very effective, seen from the comparison of the pre-test scores reaching an average of 0% and the post-test reaching an average of 88%
Pengaruh Penerapan Buku Ajar Ushul Fiqih Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa ( Studi Kasus Kelas XI MAUWH Jombang )
Authors: Wardani Dian Kusuma , Putri Tisa Setiyo
Published: November 2023

Pendidikan sangat penting untuk setiap individu. Dalam pendidikan terdapat proses belajar yang berbeda-beda dalam setiap pembelajarannya. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti mengambil model pembelajaran buku ajar, dimana siswa belajar menggunakan buku ajar sebagai buku pedoman dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa dengan motede penerapan buku ajar. Populasi pada penelitian ini mengambil satu kelas yaitu kelas XI Agama Putri yang terdiri dari 21 siswi. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu dengan tes dan observasi. Tes yang diberikan yaitu pretest dan posttest. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan pada penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif dengan menggunakan uji t berpasangan. Di dapat hasil nilai rata-rata pretest sebesar 63,33 dan nilai rata-rata hasil dari posttest sebesar 83,81. Terjadi kenaikan nilai rata-rata pada hasil belajar siswa, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan menerapkan buku ajar dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa. Sedangkan hasil pengujian menggunakan uji t berpasangan mendapatkan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000,05 sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan penerapan buku ajar ushul fiqih terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
Strength Evaluation of Welded Aluminum T-joints, as a Function of Its Welding Process, Execution, Filler Material, and Weld Root Penetration
Authors: Gaigl Johannes
Published: November 2023

Essential requirements for weld seams are the long-term transmission of static and time-varying forces. Requirements for the verification of laser welded fillet weld T-joints are proposed in this paper, since there is no established procedure in this field for laser welding. More precisely, the strength of laser MIG hybrid welded AlMg3Mn T-joints, made from 3.5 mm thick sheet metal are determined, depending on the penetration of their weld root gap. This allowed the unwelded root gap to be related to the decrease in strength, even though this is more apparent with dynamic than with static loading. In addition, the influence of filler material, single and mutual-sided MIG welds have been added to this comparison. Filler materials used are the related AlMg2.7Mn or the extraneous AlSi5.
A Study on Gap Bridging Formation Conditions in Butt Root Pass Welding Using GTAW
Authors: Park Daekyu , Song Changsub , Park Youngwhan
Published: November 2023

GTA welding is a representative welding technique applied to root pass welding of piping. The pipe root pass welding significantly influences the determination of welding parameters owing to the root gap and step change occurring during installation. GTA welding has the advantage of being able to control current (A) and wire feeding speed (WFS) as independent variables; however, determining these variables is difficult. In this study, the change in the back bead height (Bbh) was observed by changing the root gap and WFS while the welding speed and welding current (A) were fixed. By fixing the welding speed and changing the welding current (A), root gap, and WFS, the gap bridging possible condition was expressed as a region. When the root gap changed from 0~1 mm and from 1~2 mm, the back bead height was greater than or equal to 0 mm. Possible welding current and WFS and the setting range of the welding heat input ratio (HIR) were presented.
Effects of Welding Parameters on Droplet Transfer and Bead Geometry in Laser Welding with Aluminum and Stainless Steel Filler Wires
Authors: Shin Joonghyeon , Lee Seung Hwan , Kang Minjung
Published: November 2023

Laser welding is increasingly used in industries because it allows high production cycle time and single-sided welding, but is characterized by a high sensitivity to joint preparation. By inserting filler wires, the sensitivity to joint preparation can be suppressed. In this study, the effect of welding variables on the bead geometry and melted droplet transfer were investigated. Two wires with different thermal diffusivities and densities were selected: stainless steel (STS) and aluminum (Al) wires. According to the wire feeding angle, the melting area tended to differ between the STS and Al wires. This implied that the wire feeding angle had to consider the absorption rate of the material for the laser wavelength. With an increase in the distance between the wire tip and the substrate, the dominant force acting on the droplet was changed from surface tension to gravity. Therefore, the distance was considered as a major factor in determining the droplet transfer mode. In all cases, the droplet transfer period exhibited relatively small deviation when the wire feeding direction was leading. Furthermore, the focal length effects on droplet transfer were irrelevant.
Bonding Property of Middle Temperature Sn-Ag-Cu Solder Ball Joint of Ball Grid Array Package
Authors: Bae Joo Young , Kim Mi-Song , Lee Hye Min , Lee Seul Gi , Lee Young-Woo , Moon Jeong Tak , Hong Won Sik
Published: November 2023

Alloying effects of Nickel and Bismuth in SAC solder to achieve mechanical and microstructural evolution were investigated by comparing three different chemical composition of solders. Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) is the most commonly used for Pb-free solder and solder balls are based on Sn-Ag-Cu alloy composition. Compositions of solder balls were Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305), Sn-1.2Ag-0.5Cu-0.05Ni (SAC1205N) and Sn-Ag-Cu-Ni-Bi based solder (SACNB). Organic solderability preservative (OSP) surface finished substrate, ball grid array (BGA) package arranged by 300 ㎛ diameter solder ball and Type 4 solder paste were used. Solder ball shear test of the BGA package was conducted before the reflow soldering. Board level package bonding process was carried out by hot air reflow soldering. Void content of the BGA solder joint was investigated after soldering. The microstructure evolution before and after thermal cycle test (TCT) was observed using scanning eletron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). After TCT, intermetallic compound (IMC) refinement and solid solution strengthening effects of Bi element addition were observed in the solder matrix, and also any segregation of Bi element was not founded. Based on these result, it was found that the solder joint reliability of the middle and low temperature solder joints was improved.
PROFIL KIMIA PRODUK IKAN TERI ASIN DI KECAMATAN HAHARU
Authors: Ndai Ngana Desi Ratnasari , Henggu Krisman Umbu
Published: November 2023

Ikan teri merupakan salah satu jenis ikan hasil tangkapan masyarakat pesisir di Kecamatan Haharu. Komoditi hasil tangkapan tersebut diolah menjadi ikan teri asin yang banyak dipasarkan oleh masyarakat pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komposisi kimia (proksimat) produk ikan teri asin tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan protein ikan teri asin yang diolah masyarakat pesisir di Kecamatan Haharu yakni 17,48%, kadar lemak 3,61%, kadar abu 26,17%, kadar air 11,05%. Komposisi protein yang cukup tinggi pada produk tersebut dapat membantu memenuhi kebutuhan protein alternatif dalam rumah tangga
Sistem Tanggung Renteng dengan Akad Kafalah pada Produk Paket Masa Depan (PMD) di BTPN Syariah Pekalongan dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Fikri Ahmad Kamalul , Ubaidillah Ubaidillah
Published: November 2023

The Future Package (PMD) is an integrated program of the Sharia National Pension Savings Bank provided to a group of women in rural areas who wish to start businesses and have dreams of transforming their lives but do not have access to banking services. Currently, there is a trend among financial institutions, both banks and cooperatives, in mitigating financing risks through the Joint Liability System. From this background, questions arise: (1) How is the joint liability system practiced in the Future Package (PMD) product at BTPN Sharia Pekalongan? (2) What is the Islamic legal perspective on the joint liability system with kafalah contract in the Future Package (PMD) product at BTPN Sharia Pekalongan? This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis approach aimed at systematically describing the research focus, which includes the joint liability system, where the researcher describes the joint liability system and evaluates it from an Islamic legal perspective. Data collection techniques involve observation, interviews, documentation, and triangulation. The researcher analyzes the data using theories and legal foundations related to joint liability with a kafalah contract, resulting in findings on the mechanism and Islamic legal review of the joint liability system with a kafalah contract in the Future Package (PMD) product at BTPN Sharia Pekalongan. The research findings indicate that the implementation of joint liability in the Future Package (PMD) product at BTPN Sharia Pekalongan is temporary but can become permanent if group members under joint liability run away. The joint liability contract in financing the Future Package (PMD) does not fully comply with Islamic principles, particularly concerning the insurance object, as it is often used for consumable goods instead of business purposes.
Geo-Augmented Reality untuk Meningkatkan Spatial Thinking di TK Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP
Authors: Rahmaini Aulia , Yulfa Arie
Published: November 2023

Children’s spatial thinking by introducing geography through photos, maps, and building the ability to translate visualizations from pictures and video games, is very possible from preschool age. Preschool education is the basis for the development of all children’s abilities and intelligence. When we instill the basics of geography or natural landscape starting from preschool level, the child’s intelligence and ability level in the future will be even better. The aim of this research is to examine Geo-Augmented Reality learning media on preschool students’spatial thinking. The type of research is quantitative descriptive research. The data analysis technique in this research is the descriptive analysis method. The results of questionnaire data analysis show that Geo-Augmented Reality helps teachers in learning. The t-test results showed that Geo-Augmented Reality media had an effect on preschool students’ spatial thinking with a significance result of 0.000.
Pengaruh Media Papan Hitung terhadap Kemampuan Berhitung Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK Aisyiyah 14 Ampang Padang
Authors: Muria Jenni , Rakikahrahmawati Rakikahrahmawati
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine how influential the Counting Board Media is on children's counting skills at Aisyiyah 14 Ampang Padang Kindergarten. This study uses a quantitative approach with the Quasy Experiment method. The study population was all children in Aisyiyah 14 Ampang Padang Kindergarten, namely class B1 as the experimental class and class B2 as the control class. The data collection technique used is the form of oral tests and action tests. Then the data was processed with normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing. Based on data analysis, the normality test obtained data in the experimental class and control class were normally distributed. In the homogeneity test, the data is homogeneous. Then based on the hypothesis test, the sig value (2 tailed) is 0.023 and 0.025, and this value is <0.05. Thus it is concluded that there is a significant influence (real) between learning conducted by researchers in experimental classes with counting board media in learning with those conducted by teachers with number cards to improve children's counting skills at Aisyiyah 14 Ampang Padang Kindergarten.