bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Offering Utensils for the Amitābha Dharma Assembly of the Pŏpch'ŏnsa Temple Held in 1168
Authors: Lee Yongjin
Published: May 2023

This article examines offering utensils for the Amitābha Dharma Assembly of the Pŏpch'ŏnsa temple held in 1168. The bronze offering utensils excavated at the Pŏp-ch'ŏnsa temple site were made for use in the Mit'ahoe in Muja year. In preparation for the Mit'ahoe, five monks made these bronze offering utensils during February and March of Muja year. For the Mit'ahoe at the Pŏpch'ŏnsa temple, there were Amitābha Buddha, Avalokiteshvara, and Mahasthamaprapta placed on a lotus pedestal in the Amitābha Hall. In the center of the hall, there was a table on which offering utensils could be arranged. Two big bronze kwangmyŏngdaes, one bronze hyangwan, one bronze hyŏnlo, and one bronze pŏn were placed on the Buddhist altar in front of Amitābha Buddha. The same bronze offering utensils were placed on the altar in front of Avalokiteshvara and Mahasthamaprapta. The bronze offering utensils made in Muja year have a possibility to be made in 1168. The bronze offering utensils made in Muja year have a relation to offering incense and light. In general, the arrangement of the offering utensils consisted of one incense burner with two candlesticks. The bronze offering utensils excavated at the Pŏpch'ŏnsa temple site give a lot of information about the Mit'ahoe of the Pŏpch'ŏnsa temple held in 1168. We can know what kinds of offering utensil were used, how many offering utensils were made, and which Buddha and Bo-dhisattvas were enshrined.
The Spectrum of the Orthogonal Matrix with its Cube be Symmetric
Authors: Chen Mei Xiang , Yang Zhong Peng , Lin Zhi Xing
Published: May 2023

The orthogonal matrix with cube be symmetric is a common class of matrices with important properties. We pay attention to this kind of matrices. By using the close relationship between the eigenvalues of a matrix and the trace of its power, we obtain the algorithm for its all possible different eigenvalues and multiplicities. The calculation formula is expressed only by the trace of a matrix and its power, avoiding solving the characteristic polynomial. The method is simple and practical. Furthermore, a new essential characterization for the sum of orthogonal matrix pairs being orthogonal is given as well.
Gold Nanoparticle-Based Microfluidics Chips for Capture and Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Pedrosa Valber A. , Chen Kangfu , Fan Z. Hugh
Published: May 2023

Liquid biopsy has been developed to diagnose and monitor cancer. Despite the recent advances in investigating early cancer detection and diagnosis strategies, there is still a lack of improvements in capturing (CTCs). To archive this, we developed an efficient CTC detection system by integrating gold nanoparticles and a microfluidic platform, which can achieve CTC capture within 120 min. The microdevice was functionalized by immobilizing antibodies specific to the target cells. The method was tested with spiked tumor cells in whole human blood with three pancreatic cancer cell lines and compared with purified cancer cells suspended in a phosphate buffer solution. Our results captured pancreatic cancer cells spiked in blood samples with efficiency (90±3.2)% and were used to isolate CTCs from patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. This methodology will enable the production of functionalized, patterned surfaces that interact with tumor cells, enhancing the selective capture of CTCs from biological assays.
Use and Legislation of Glyphosate in Mexico: Healthcare, Healthy Environment and Drinking Water Access
Authors: Pérez-Martínez Arizbeth , Vergara-Castañeda Arely , Mercado-Moreno Kytzia , Benítez-Núñez Christian , Guadarrama-Muñóz Alma Cossette
Published: May 2023

This paper analyzes the status of legal regulation of the use of glyphosate in Mexico. To achieve this purpose, its use has been debated in constitutional obligations to the human rights to health, environment, and access to drinking water. Several international instruments have been reviewed to give a brief balance among healthy, legal, and environmental approaches, and hence their impact in Mexico. Glyphosate is an agrochemical compound used as a main substance in the formulation of pesticides having a low toxicological lever, and it is currently the most widely used herbicide worldwide. It is well known that many international organizations have reported that the use of glyphosate does not represent harm to health, if it is used properly and, in concentration indicated in the regulations. However, glyphosate inhibits the enzymatic production which is the key factor to the aromatic amino acid biosynthesis needed for vegetation growth, having a negative effect on the environment. In the last years researchers have suggested an important risk to health by indirect glyphosate exposure, such as water and food polluted with glyphosate residues, which could develop diseases or health conditions such as skin irritations, gastrointestinal conditions, endocrine or hematological disrupters, etc. In Mexico, there are reports about the presence of glyphosate in food, particularly 30% of tortillas production in Mexico City presents glyphosate residues. For this reason, the Mexican government has decided to eliminate the use of glyphosate in crop fields by 2024.
Impact on Kidney Transplantation of the Percentage of T Lymphocytes Isolated from Hepatic Perfusate of Multi-Organ Deceased Brain Donors
Authors: Pagano Duilio , Badami Ester , Zito Giovanni , Conaldi Pier Giulio , Vella Ivan , Buscemi Barbara , Amico Giandomenico , Busà Rosalia , Salis Paola , Li Petri Sergio , Di Francesco Fabrizio , Calamia Sergio , Bonsignore Pasquale , Tropea Alessandro , Accardo Caterina , Piazza Salvatore , Gruttadauria Salvatore
Published: May 2023

Background: Hepatic interstitial T-lymphocytes (T-Li), Natural Killer (NK) and NK-T cells play an important role in both innate and adaptive immunity and contribute to the regulation of ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) after transplantation of abdominal organ.
Methods: The cellular concentrations and phenotypes of NK, T-Li, NK-T were analyzed retrospectively in a consecutive series of hepatic perfusates after surgical removal of whole livers on the bench previously collected from adult multi-organ donors after brain death. (DBD), and compared with the demographic and pathological characteristics of the patients transplanted at our Institute with kidneys taken from the same donors. The liver interstitial cells were purified from the perfusate by density gradient centrifugation and the phenotype was determined by flow cytometric investigation using the following immunological markers: CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD56 in order to determine the relative percentage of T-Li, NK-T and NK cells.
Results: The perfusates of 42 DBDs, and the related clinical outcome of kidney transplant recipients from 2010 to 2020, were analyzed. T-Li were significantly associated with the time in days of delayed functional recovery of transplanted kidneys (DGF) (p = 0.02), to onset of secondary infection from Cytomegalovirus (p = 0.03). On COX analysis, percent cell concentration of T-Li and time to DGF were significantly associated with an increased relative risk (HR) of organ survival (HR = 1.038, p = 0.04; and HR = 1.029, p = 0.01, respectively). The specificity of the NK and NK-T cell proportions were not associated with any relevant clinical outcomes in kidney transplant patients.
Conclusions: The present study points to a new potential role of T-Li cells detected in the context of liver perfusate DBD, and could detect potential impacts in organ allocation, surgical harvesting techniques and in the analysis of IRI pathophysiological events after kidney transplants from multi-organ DBDs.
Lipoic Acid-Functionalized Hexanuclear manganese(III) Nanomagnets Suitable for Surface Grafting
Authors: Orts-Arroyo Marta , Rojas-Dotti Carlos , Moliner Nicolás , Martínez-Lillo José
Published: May 2023

Single-Molecule Magnets (SMMs) have attracted much interest because of their spin properties and potential technological applications. Besides, a great effort has been devoted to their functionalization, which is made with functional groups convenient to connect suitable SMMs to junction devices or to perform their grafting on surfaces of different substrates. We have synthesized and characterized two lipoic acid-functionalized and oxime-based MnIII compounds, of formula [Mn6(μ3-O)2(H2N-sao)6(lip)2(MeOH)6][Mn6(μ3-O)2(H2N-sao)6(cnph)2(MeOH)6]}·10MeOH (1) and [Mn6(μ3-O)2(H2N-sao)6(lip)2(EtOH)6]·EtOH·2H2O (2) [H2N-saoH2 = salicylamidoxime, lip = lipoate anion, cnph = 2-cyanophenolate anion]. 1 crystallizes in the triclinic system with space group Pī and 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic system with space group C2/c. In their crystal packing, adjacent Mn6 complexes are connected through non-coordinating solvent molecules, which are H-bonded to N atoms of –NH2 groups of salicylamidoxime ligand. In addition, Hirshfeld surfaces of 1 and 2 were calculated to study the variety of intermolecular interactions and different level of importance that take place in their crystal lattice, this type of computed study being the first time performed on Mn6 molecules. The study of the magnetic properties of 1 and 2 through dc magnetic susceptibility measurements reveals the coexistence of ferro- and antiferromagnetic exchange couplings between the Mn(III) metal ions in both compounds, the latter being the predominant magnetic interaction. A ground state spin value of S = 4 was obtained through isotropic simulations of the experimental magnetic susceptibility data for both 1 and 2. Ac magnetic susceptibility measurements show the occurrence of slow relaxation of the magnetization in 1 and 2, which indicate that SMM behavior take place in both compounds.
A Wheeler-DeWitt Quantum Approach to the Branch-cut Cosmology with Ordering Parameters
Authors: Bodmann Benno , Vasconcellos César Augusto Zen , Hess Peter , Pacheco José de Freitas , Hadjimichef Dimiter , Razeira Moises , Degrazia Gervásio Annes
Published: May 2023

In this contribution to the Festschrift for Prof. Remo Ruffini, we investigated a formulation of quantum gravity based on the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation combined with the classical concepts of the branch-cut cosmology, which contemplates as a new scenario for the origin of the Universe, a smooth transition region between the contraction phase, prior to the primordial singularity, and the subsequent expansion phase. Through the introduction of an energy-dependent effective potential, which describes the space-time curvature associated with the embedding geometry and its coupling with the cosmological constant and matter fields, solutions of the WDW equation for the wave function of the Universe are obtained. The Lagrangian density is quantized through the standard procedure of raising the Hamiltonian, the helix-like complex scale factor of branched cosmology as well as the corresponding conjugate momentum to the category of quantum operators. As a novelty, ambiguities in the ordering of the quantum operators are overcome with the introduction of a set of ordering factors α, whose values are restricted to the integers α=[0,1,2], since non-integers have no physical meaning, allowing this way a broader class of solutions for the wave function of the Universe. As another novelty, additional energy-dependent parametrizations are considered, more specifically, in addition to a branched universe filled with underlying background vacuum energy, matter and radiation, in order to make contact with standard model calculations, we additionally supplement the formulation with baryon matter, dark matter and quintessence contributions. As an additional novelty, the boundary conditions for the wave function of the Universe are imposed by assuming the Bekenstein criterion. Our results indicate this way, as a novelty conclusion, the consistency of a topological quantum leap, or alternatively a quantum tunneling, for the transition region of the early universe in contrast to the classic branched cosmology view of a smooth transition.
Research of a Fiber Sensor Based on Fiber Bragg Grating for Road Surface Monitoring
Authors: Kashaganova Gulzhan , Kozbakova Ainur , Kartbayev Timur , Balbayev Gani , Togzhanova Kulzhan , Alimseitova Zhuldyz , Orazaliyeva Sandugash
Published: May 2023

Road infrastructure is a key public asset because it benefits the social and economic development of any country. It plays an important role for the development of the industrial complex, the production sector and the road surfaces of transport roads should be of high quality, have a long service life. Road infrastructure, as well as all infrastructure, requires preservation, maintenance and repair. There are special requirements for the roadway that must be observed during construction or repair. This article is devoted to a detailed study of the use of fiber optics sensors (FOS) based on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) for road surface monitoring. Such a fiber sensor consisting of a fiber Bragg grid and a pair of grids can offer the possibility of simultaneous measurement of deformation and temperature for monitoring the pavement. Temperature and deformation measurements were carried out by installing a sensor on the surface of a made asphalt sample. The built-in fiber sensor based on FBG provides important information about how the pavement structure can withstand the load, subsidence of soil, timely implement road safety and stability measures evaluate and predict the service life of the pavement. The results of the study showed that the synchronicity, repeatability and linearity of the characteristics of the fiber sensor are excellent. The difference between the experimental and theoretical results is about 7%. Thus, based on the results of the obtained data, the fiber sensor on the FBG can be used for monitoring, designing road surfaces and in general transport infrastructure.
The Food-Crushing Reflex, and Its Inhibition
Authors: Vaahtoniemi Lauri Henrikki
Published: May 2023

Background: Anterior-tooth (ANT) contacts induce short latency reflex inhibition of human jaw-closing muscles. Coincidental to the advent of vertebrate jaw, the mesencephalic ganglion (Vmes), neural myelin sheath, and muscle spindles also evolved to improve the velocity of proprioceptive and withdrawal reflexes. The vertebrate jaw is a rigid class 1 lever for pinpoint-targeting muscle force into a single bite-point, the pivoting food particle. See-saw reflex movements around the food particle fulcrum multiplicate the food-crushing force. Unpredictable jolts of reaction force are caused for the rostral and the two articulate ends of the jaw triangle. Compression/distraction strains of the three ends of jaw must be monitored and inhibited by ipsilateral withdrawal reflexes. Hypothesis: For food-crushing, the spindles of the taut motor units, stretched by the food-fulcrum send monosynaptic, excitatory feed for the ipsilateral, homonymous motor efferent neurons, via Vmes. In the Vmes, the spindle-inputs are coupled with excitatory feed from back-tooth (BAT) mechanoreceptors. The summated excitatory pulses are targeted precisely for the stretched motor units only. The afferent feed from ANT mechanoreceptors is also coupled with concomitant feed from spindles in the Vmes. The ANT feed, however, is inhibitory to negate the excitatory feed from stretched jaw-muscle units. The inhibitory feed from ANT protects the teeth and jaw-joints from inadvertent strains. Inhibitory inputs from ANT alternating with excitatory feed from BAT determine which jaw-closing muscle units are activated or inhibited at any given instant of food-crushing. The monosynaptic unilateral food-crushing reflexes (UFCR) overrun the coexisting bilaterally executed feed for jaw muscles from the central nervous system. Conclusion: The UFCR combines the monosynaptic food-crushing-reflex and its reciprocal inhibition. The UFCR is universally conserved for probably all jawed vertebrates.
Anti-mitochondrial Therapy: A New Dimension of Personalized Oncology
Authors: Behnam Babak , Taghizadeh-Hesary Farzad
Published: May 2023

Energy is needed by cancer cells to stay alive and communicate with their surroundings. The primary organelles for cellular metabolism and energy synthesis are mitochondria. Researchers recently proved that cancer cells can steal immune cells' mitochondria using nanoscale tubes. This finding demonstrates the dependence of cancer cells on normal cells for their living and function. It also denotes the importance of mitochondria in cancer cells’ biology. Emerging evidence has demonstrated how mitochondria are essential for cancer cells to survive in the harsh tumor microenvironment, evade the immune system, obtain more aggressive features, and resist treatments. For instance, functional mitochondria can improve cancer resistance against radiotherapy by scavenging the released reactive oxygen species. Therefore, targeting mitochondria can potentially enhance oncological outcomes, according to this notion. The patients' reactions to radiation are varied, ranging from a complete response to even cancer progression during treatment. This concept illustrates how different levels of mitochondrial metabolism might contribute to this heterogeneity. Considering this notion can help to improve personalized oncological treatments. This article outlines the importance of mitochondrial metabolism in cancer biology and personalized treatments.
The Impact of Tourism Promotion at Andalusian Eight Provinces
Authors: Florido-Benítez Lázaro
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study is to analyse tourism promotion of eight provinces of Andalusia from 2010 to 2022, and to examine the ways that tourism promotion campaigns influence and stimulate the improving of tourism supply and demand at Andalusian provinces. The methodology used in this study collected data from Andalusian public organizations (secondary data), and information related to this topic from researchers and organizations (primary data) for the purpose of this research project. This research provides a new contribution to tourism industry and promotion strategies context. Findings of the current study prove that DMOs of Andalusian provinces increased the tourism promotion budgets and campaigns to revitalize the tourism demand and supply due to the pandemic crisis and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Indeed, results of this research suggest that Andalusia’s tourism promotion budgets and campaigns have to helped to improve the number of passenger arrivals, number of tourists, hotel occupancy rate, overnight stays at hotels by international and Spanish, and total overnight stay indicators in the period analysed, especially in the years 2021 and 2022. The contribution of this study has a great relevance to tourist destinations, DMOs, hotels, airports, and stakeholders where application of tourism promotion budgets, joint promotion campaigns, and new tourism products and services should be implemented to improve the tourism supply and demand, guarantee the regional and local economy and well-being of population.
Effect of Cooling Rate on Crystallization Behavior during Solidification of Hyper Duplex Stainless Steel S33207: An In-Situ Confocal Microscopy Study
Authors: Wang Yong , Mu Wangzhong
Published: May 2023

Hyper duplex stainless steels, HDSS, are a new alloy group of duplex stainless steels with the highest corrosion resistance and mechanical properties among the existing modern stainless steel. Due to the addition of extra high content of alloying elements, e.g. Cr, Ni, Mo, etc., the crystallization behavior of the δ-ferrite from the liquid is of vital importance for controlling the steel properties. In this work, the effect of cooling rate (i.e. 4°C/min and 150 °C/min) on the growth process of δ-ferrite in S33207 during the solidification process was investigated using high-temperature confocal scanning laser microscopy (HT-CLSM) in combination with electron microscopes and thermodynamic calculation. The results showed that the solidification mode of S33207 steel was a ferrite-austenite type (FA mode). L→δ transformation occurred at a certain degree of supercooling, and merging occurred during the growth of δ phase dendrites. Similar microstructures were observed after solidification under these two different cooling rates. The variation of area fraction of δ ferrite at the free surface and temperature as well as time during solidification of S33207 steels were calculated at different cooling rates of 4 °C/min and 150 °C/min, respectively. The current HT-CLSM study provides in-situ experimental evidence to confirm that a low cooling rate favored the growth of primary δ-ferrite, whereas a high cooling rate favored the nucleation of primary δ-ferrite during the solidification process. The post-microstructure as well as composition evolution is also briefly investigated. This work shed light on the real time insights for the crystallization behavior of hyper duplex stainless steels during solidification, which aims to contribute to the process control of manufacturing of this steel grade.
Cereal β-D-glucans: From Biosynthesis and Breeding Possibilities to Food Processing Applications
Authors: Havrlentová Michaela , Dvořáček Václav , Jurkaninová Lucie , Gregusová Veronika
Published: May 2023

The paper summarizes the current knowledge about the structure, species, and content differ-ences of β-D-glucans as a storage and functional component, especially of cereal grains. The pa-per also provides comprehensive information on the biosynthesis of this plant cell wall polysac-charide, genetic and non-genetic factors influencing the content variability and indicates the pos-sibilities of breeding modern varieties with a defined content of this metabolite. The final part of the text is also devoted to the influence of significant technological processes applied to cere-als containing β-D-glucans. The chapter discusses the influence of these processes on the content and structure of the polysaccharide and the resulting changes in its physicochemical properties. Part of the discussed issue are the possibilities of effective application of β-D-glucans in different food products.
Scheduling LEO Satellite Transmissions for Remote Water Level Monitoring
Authors: Kinman Garrett , Zilic Zeljko , Purnell David
Published: May 2023

This paper deals with the use of low earth orbit (LEO) satellite links in long-term monitoring of water, ice and snow levels across wide geographic areas, where no other communication links can be applied. Unlike geostationary satellites, LEO satellites do not maintain the same position relative to the ground station, and transmissions need to be scheduled for satellite overfly periods. For our application, the energy consumption optimization is critical, and we develop a learning approach for scheduling the transmission times from the sensors. Our approach is based on online learning, and is applicable to any LEO satellite transmissions.
Design Path for a Social Robot for Emotional Communication for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Authors: Cano Sandra , Díaz-Arancibia Jaime , Arango-López Jeferson , Libreros Julia Elena , García Matías
Published: May 2023

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder have deficits in social interaction and expressing and understanding emotions. Many robots for children with ASD have been proposed. However, few studies were found about how to design a social robot for children with ASD. Studies reviewed employed non-experimental studies to evaluate a social robot, but the methodology to design a social robot is rare. This study proposes a design path for a social robot for emotional communi-cation for children with ASD, following User-Centered Design approach. This design path is ap-plied with a study case, evaluated with an expert group on psychologist, human-robot interaction, human-computer interaction, and parents of children with ASD. Results show than following the design path proposed to design a social robot to communication emotions for children ASD is favorable.
An In-Depth Analysis of a Game of Bidding for a Blonde Girl: Choosing Between the Blonde and Brunette
Authors: Farshi Esmaeil
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of a strategic game inspired by a notable scene from the movie "A Beautiful Mind." We explore the game's properties, equilibrium behavior, and its relationship with the classic Bertrand competition model. By employing the concept of Bayesian Nash equilibrium, we analyze the strategic behavior of players under incomplete information and assess the role of private valuations in determining the game's outcomes. Our findings reveal key similarities and differences between the game inspired by "A Beautiful Mind" and the Bertrand competition model, shedding light on the underlying strategic behavior and market competition dynamics in both settings. Our findings show that for a large number of competitors (n), the reasonable choice is to ignore the blonde. We also found that going for the brunette (the second attractive girl) is more reasonable compared to the blonde. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of our findings for market competition and economic theory, acknowledge the limitations of our analysis, and suggest potential avenues for future research. This in-depth examination significantly enhances our understanding of the game and its potential implications.
O professor padronizado: análise do gerencialismo docente no periódico “Aprendizagem em Foco” do Instituto Unibanco
Authors: Consaltér Evandro , Bellenzier Caroline Simon , Fávero Altair Alberto
Published: May 2023

No presente estudo, objetivamos apontar como a noção de professor padronizado implica no recuo da teoria no exercício docente e, consequentemente, provoca a instrumentalização do exercício pedagógico. Caracteriza-se como um estudo bibliográfico quanto aos procedimentos, ancorado no método analítico-dedutivo e de natureza qualitativa. Seu referencial teórico é sustentado, principalmente, por Ball, Maguire e Braun (2016), Fávero e Tonieto (2016), e Masschelein e Simons (2018). Estrutura-se em duas partes. Na primeira, exploramos a concepção de professor instrumentalizado, domado por uma gestão escolar pautada pelo gerencialismo empresarial e pelo recuo da teoria no exercício docente. Na segunda parte, analisamos a concepção presente no boletim “Aprendizagem em Foco”, uma publicação do Instituto Unibanco com periodicidade quinzenal desde 2015. Os números do periódico analisados evidenciam que a qualidade da educação, entendida como o atingimento de metas e indicadores, está quase que exclusivamente ligada à boas práticas de gestão e à instrumentalização do exercício docente, o que deixa a formação continuada e a valorização dos professores em segundo plano.
PEMANFAATAN DATA PENGINDERAAN JAUH DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS (SIG) UNTUK ANALISA BANJIR (STUDI KASUS: KECAMATAN WANAREJA KABUPATEN CILACAP)
Authors: Zamani Muhammad Zaki , Dwijayanti Septiani Ari , Wijayanti Pipit
Published: May 2023

Wanareja Subdistrict is one of 24 subdistricts in Cilacap Regency which experiences floods every year. In 2022, until September, Wanareja District will experience four floods. Utilization of remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be used to determine the level of vulnerability to flood disasters. This study aims to process the parameters that cause flooding and create a flood hazard map using Geographic Information System (GIS) aplikasi. The method used is scoring, weighting, and overlaying the parameters that cause flooding, namely land use, rainfall, slope, altitude, soil type, and river buffer which are processed using the ArcGIS 10.8 application. The results of this study are in the form of a flood vulnerability map which shows that Wanareja District has three levels of flood vulnerability, namely safe, low, and moderate. The low vulnerability level is the area that has the largest area, namely 9927.26 Ha (52%), while the medium vulnerability level is 7254.53 Ha (38%), and the safe vulnerability level has the smallest area, namely 1909.09 Ha (10%) of the total area in the Wanareja District of 19090.88 Ha
ANALISIS DAMPAK ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN PERTANIAN KE NON PERTANIANTERHADAP KETAHANAN PANGAN DI KECAMATAN GONDANGREJO KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR TAHUN 2011 – 2020
Authors: Kumalasari Desi , Sarwono Sarwono , Noviani Rita
Published: May 2023

The ever-increasing population growth and the construction of various public facilities have led to the conversion of agricultural land in Gondangrejo District. With the conversion of agricultural land functions, it can threaten the food security of the population in the region. This study aims to: (1) Find out about land conversion in Gondangejo District in 2011–2020. (2) Knowing the level of food security of the population in Gondangrejo District. (3) Evaluating the impact of land conversion on the food security of the population in Gondangrejo District in 2020. This research uses a qualitative method. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation and data collection. The data analysis technique uses descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of this study are (1) Interpretation of remote sensing imagery in 2011, 2015, and 2020 shows the results of the conversion of agricultural land in Gondangrejo District, where the use of paddy fields in 2011 was 4,037.71 ha or around 66.5% to 1,903, 90 ha or around 31.04% of the total area of land use in Gondangrejo District, so that the conversion of paddy fields that occurred was 2,133.81 ha or around 52.85%. (2) The average population food security for Gondangrejo District is food security. Because there is a surplus value of food availability of 1,323.76 tons or 15.28% of the value of 100% food needs. (3) The impact of changing the function of paddy fields causes a decrease in rice production by an average of 694.91 tons/year. However, the food security of the population is maintained despite land conversion. The T-test shows that there is a significant difference in the level of food needs between before and after land conversion occurs.
The Patriotism Values in Main Characters in The Red Cliff Film By John Woo: Sociology of Literature Review 吴宇森对 《赤壁》电影中主角爱国主义价值观：文学社会分析
Authors: JP Sania Widyastira , Erwani Intan
Published: May 2023

This research discussed the values of the main character in the Chinese movie "The Red Cliff" by John Woo. The goal of this research is to describe the main character's patriotism values as well as the impact that character's patriotism values have on the film. This research is based on Budiyono's patriotism theory. The theoretical basis used is the sociology of literary theory. This research used a descriptive qualitative method and also used listening and note-taking techniques for the data collection. This research also used Miles and Huberman's data analysis method. Based on the analysis of the Red Cliff film, it was found that some data was depicted through the two main characters. Zhūgé Liàng (诸葛亮), the main character, was awarded five data points: self-sacrifice value, courage value, unyielding value, united value, and loyalty value. Zhōu Yú (周瑜), the other main character, received four data points, which were divided into courage value, loyalty value, unyielding value, and unifying value. Thus, John Woo's Red Cliff film proved that the values of patriotism were illustrated by the two main characters.

 
Chinatown Growth in Surakarta from The Colonial Era to The Millennium Era (XVIII-XX Century)
Authors: Fatimah Inayati
Published: May 2023

Chinatown is an area inhabited by Chinese. The old Chinatown is characterized by rows of shophouse facing each other with curved tiled roof with Chinese ornaments. This typical Chinatown building are disappearing as a city develop, replaced by modern buildings. The old typical Chinatown in Surakarta is concentrated in Kampung Sudiroprajan. The purpose of this study is to find out the Chinatown growth since the birth of Surakarta until present and what factors have influenced its growth. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method using archival data sources, literature review and map observation. City theory is used to understand the city and Chinatown growth. The data was then analyzed using a comparative study with the technique of comparing three maps of Chinatown from three different periodizations: Colonial, Old Order-New Order and reform to present. The findings is that the Chinatown growth is influenced by political factors, it is a regime’s policy towards the Chinese community. The Surakarta Chinatown continued to grow organically around economic, business and trade nodes and approaching main transportation path and nodes. Its landmark is a temple. Chinatown inhabitant is not only Chinese, there are natives and other ethnicities. The biggest Chinatown growth is around Solo's golden triangle, namely around Gede Market, Klewer Market and Legi Market. It also grows around Solo City landmark, the North-South cosmological axis in Kasunanan Palace. The second rapid growth is in the Solo Baru. The trading image of Chinatown was overlap with the cultural image of Solo City. 
Metodologia para Aumento da Produtividade da Forrageira Urochloa Brizantha cv. Xaraés através da Fertirrigação com Água Residuária de Suinocultura
Authors: Barroca de Almeida Neto Onofre , Souza William Luiz de , Costa Junior José Maria , Abreu Mateus José Inácio de
Published: May 2023

Este estudo avalia o aumento de produtividade da forrageira Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés, fertirrigada utilizando diferentes doses de água residuária de suinocultura (ARS), através de experimento em blocos, com parcelas de 6 m2 fertirrigadas após cada corte com 0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 litros de ARS, dosagens que correspondem a 0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 m3 ha-1 de ARS, respectivamente. Cortou-se a forragem ao atingir 95% de interceptação luminosa (altura 35 cm); retiradas amostras representativas para avaliação da matéria seca (MS); e posterior corte de emparelhamento na altura de resíduo (15 cm). Calculou-se acúmulo em 0,25 m², estimando-se a produção em hectare. Submeteu-se os dados à homocedasticidade, à análise da variância, e posterior análise de regressão no programa R®. Os cortes influenciaram a produção (p<0,05) apresentando médias variadas nos quatros cortes nas 5 dosagens de ARS. No primeiro corte obteve-se médias de 1684,65; 1812,75; 2082,90; 2505,03; 2996,03 Kg ha-1 ajustando-se ao modelo Y= 1553,27 + 3,32ARS, R2= 0,95 e no quarto e último corte, médias de 1277,95; 2084,33; 2449,68; 3034,70; 3235,03 Kg ha-1 ajustando-se ao modelo Y= 1443,43 + 4,86ARS, R2= 0,96. Para intensidade de desfolha de 10 e 15 centímetros se ajustaram nas equações lineares Y= 85,5632 + 0,1288*X, R2=0,97 e Y= 87,2435 + 0,1344*X, R2=0,95. Conclui-se que fertirrigação com ARS resulta em maior acúmulo de matéria seca conforme doses estudadas, alcançando maior acúmulo com 400 m3 ha-1, e intensidade de desfolha de 15 centímetros propicia maior taxa de acúmulo independente da dose aplicada.
Metodologia para Aumento da Produtividade da Forrageira Megathyrsus maximus cv. Brs Zuri. através do uso de Fertilizante Nitrogenado
Authors: Barroca de Almeida Neto Onofre , Castro Mailson das Dores Adriano , Abreu Mateus José Inácio de , Nascimento Davison Costa
Published: May 2023

A maior parte da área de pastagem do Brasil encontra-se em algum estado de degradação, havendo alta demanda por novas tecnologias e forrageiras com alto potencial de extração, e elevado valor nutricional. Objetivou-se avaliar a produtividade da forrageira Megathyrsus maximus cv. BRS Zuri sob aplicação de diferentes doses de Nitrogênio. O experimento teve delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições, no arranjo de parcela subdividida no tempo. As parcelas possuíam 6m2 (3x2) e as doses de nitrogênio aplicadas foram de 0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 kg/ha, após cada corte. Cortou-se a forragem quando atingiu 70 cm de altura; retiradas amostras para avaliação da matéria seca (MS); posterior corte de emparelhamento na altura de resíduo (35 cm). O acúmulo foi calculado em 1m2 estimando produção em hectares. Os tratamentos de 400 Kg N/ha apresentaram efeito significativo P<0,05 para produção de MS, obtendo produção total de 15.468 kg/ha; enquanto nos tratamentos com 0, 100, 200 e 300 kg/ha, as produções totais foram 7.372, 9.396, 11420 e 13.444 kg/ha respectivamente. O acumulo de proteína bruta (PB), teve mesmo desempenho considerado de MS, o maior teor foi obtido nos tratamentos de 400 kg N/ha com 15,7%, enquanto os tratamentos com 0, 100, 200 e 300 kg N/ha apresentaram teores de 10,2%; 11,5%; 12,9%; 14,3%; respectivamente. Considera-se que a aplicação de adubação nitrogenada na dosagem 400 Kg N/ha foi a mais recomendada para produção da forrageira, pois assim houve maior produção de MS e maior acúmulo do teor de PB.
Editorial: Um ano de superação
Authors: ZAAK SARAIVA Illyushin , Antonello Ricardo , Butzen Eduardo
Published: May 2023

Nesta 5ª Edição do Caderno de Propriedade Intelectual e Transferência de Tecnologia, podemos constatar que ao longo de 2021 o Brasil assistiu a uma retomada gradativa – ainda que forçada muitas vezes pela via judicial – da aceitação dos órgãos governamentais aos princípios e normativas baseados em evidência científica como norte para as decisões e políticas públicas. Assim, no início de dezembro pouco mais que 90% da população nacional já haviam recebido a 1ª dose da vacina contra Covid-19, enquanto 79% já receberam pelo menos duas doses, o que após o cenário trágico de março de 2021, mês em que mais morreram pessoas na história do Brasil, é motivo de alento e de esperança em mudanças futuras.
Além disso, também no mês dezembro de 2021 a Câmara dos Deputados aprovou finalmente, depois de importante pressão política, um programa para renegociação de dívidas de micro e pequenas empresas, as mais afetadas pela Pandemia de Covid-19, e espera-se que os descontos sobre juros, taxas, multas oferecidos, proporcionais à queda nas vendas ocorrida após o mês de março de 2020, sirva como incentivo à retomada da atividade econômica e aceleração do crescimento produtivo no país.
Optimization of Music Education Strategy Guided by the Temporal-Difference Reinforcement Learning Algorithm
Authors: Su Yingwei , Wang Yuan
Published: May 2023

To optimize the learning path and strategy of music courses and promote the innovation and development of music education, a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm is used to conduct an intelligent exploration of Erhu teaching methods in the field of music. Firstly, a rule-based Erhu fingering evaluation method is proposed, which summarizes the fingering habits and general rules of modern Erhu performance and constructs a quantitative evaluation system (QES) of Erhu fingering. This system provides the evaluation basis for effectively verifying the intelligent generation model of Erhu fingering proposed here. Secondly, on the one hand, an intelligent generation model of Erhu music is proposed based on neural network technology. On the other hand, an intelligent automatic generation (AG) algorithm for Erhu fingering is put forward. In this algorithm, the temporal-difference RL (TDRL) model and off-policy are integrated, and the influence of the fingers before and after actual playing is considered comprehensively. Finally, the validity and feasibility of the proposed Erhu music generation model and the Erhu fingering-intelligence generation model are verified by simulation experiments. The results reveal that: (1) The QES of Erhu fingering proposed here can objectively describe the advantages and disadvantages of Erhu fingering and play a role of feedback and improvement to the generation model of fingering; (2) In the proposed Erhu music generation model, the musical note index value of the generated music is high, which avoids the situation of excessive note repetition and note jump amplitude in the generated music. (3) The designed Erhu fingering-intelligence generation model is employed to compare and analyze three kinds of music segments. It is found that the total score and scoring rates of fingering evaluation generated by the three pieces of music are relatively high and very close to the professional fingering, scoring rate difference is less than 3%; (4) The scoring rate of all kinds of fingering generated by machines is about 90%, and the difference with professional fingering is no more than 3%. The data show that the proposed method can realize the AG of Erhu fingering well. This study aims to provide assistance in music and fingering teaching for Erhu course education, and also to offer some reference for other courses in the field of music teaching.
Estimating the Reliability of Complex Systems Using Various Bounds Methods
Authors: Mutar Emad Kareem
Published: May 2023

Estimating terminal reliability precisely is impractical in complex systems. As a result, lower and upper bounds for two-terminal reliability as well as estimation methods have been instated. Our method for determining the lower and upper bounds of a complex system's reliability employs a listed set of minimal paths and a listed set of minimal cuts. This paper's goal is to present a modern assessment of reliability bounds for binary coherent systems, as well as a comparison of various reliability bounds in terms of subjective, mathematical, and efficiency factors. The Safety-CriticalSystem (SCS) uses an illustrative model to show the reliability designer when to implement certain constraints. This is done in the context of a complex system with complex connections. Simulations and numerical examples have shown that the new design generally improves Spross, Esary-Proschan, EdgePacking, and Linear and Quadratic bounds, especially for systems that are very reliable.
Uncertainty quantification of the lattice Boltzmann method focussing on studies of human-scale vascular blood flow
Authors: McCullough Jon W.S. , Coveney Peter V.
Published: May 2023

Uncertainty quantification is becoming a key tool to ensure that numerical models can be sufficiently trusted to be used in domains such as medical device design. Demonstration of how input parameters impact the quantities of interest generated by any numerical model is essential to understanding the limits of its reliability. With the lattice Boltzmann method now a widely used approach for computational fluid dynamics, building greater understanding of its numerical uncertainty characteristics will support its further use in science and industry. In this study we apply an in-depth uncertainty quantification study of the lattice Boltzmann method in a canonical bifurcation geometry that is representative of the vascular junctions present in arterial and venous domains. Our work provides insights into how input parameters and boundary conditions impact the velocity and pressure distributions calculated in a simulation and can guide the choices of such values when applied to vascular studies of patient specific geometries. This study also demonstrates how open-source toolkits for validation, verification and uncertainty quantification can be applied to numerical models deployed on high-performance computers without the need for modifying the simulation code itself. Such an ability is key to the more widespread adoption of the analysis of uncertainty in numerical models by significantly reducing the complexity of their execution and analysis.
Hip Functions in Patients with Rotating Hinge Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Yanik Berkay , Karatosun Vasfi , Yuksel Ertugrul
Published: May 2023

Background Rotating hinged knee prosthesis is frequently used for certain indications. The indications and results for rotating hinge knee prosthesis in primary and revision arthroplasty are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on hip function following rotating hinged knee arthroplasty surgery and to compare outcome of primer and revision rotating hinged knee arthroplasty.Methods 46 patients underwent rotating hinged knee prosthesis by a single surgeon; including 21 primary arthroplasty and 38 revision, 59 knees arthroplasty were included. Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee scores, SF-12 quality of life scale, joint range of motion, VAS score, Harris hip scores (HHS) were evaluated before and after surgery.Results A statistically significant increase was found in both hip joint HHS scores in patients with rotating hinged knee replacement. A statistically significant improvement was found in HSS scores, knee joint VAS in patients with rotating hinged knee replacement (p < 0.05). Hip osteoarthritis stage did not progress statistically compared to preoperative values following rotating hinged knee arthroplasty. The hip functions of ipsilateral and contralateral sides improved in terms of limping, assistive device, walking distance, and wearing socks and shoes. A moderate positive correlation was found between knee scores and hip scores.Conclusion A successful knee arthroplasty surgery in patients with advanced biomechanical problems contributes to the improvement in hip function by improving the biomechanics and functions of the knee joint. It is necessary to evaluate all joints and bone structures in both lower extremities to make better preoperative planning.
Supraorbital Eyebrow Approach and Pterional Approach in Surgical Treatment of Ruptured and Unruptured Aneurysms: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Pichugin Arseniy , Pashaev Bakhtiyar , Danilov Gleb , Shayakhmetov Nail , Danilov Valeriy , Alekseev Аndrey
Published: May 2023

Introduction To determine safety and efficacy of the supraorbital eyebrow approach (SEA) in clipping of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms in comparison with the pterional approach (PA).Methods A total of 229 patients who underwent surgical clipping of aneurysm from 2013–2022 and met inclusion criteria were recruited in the study. Study group of 67 patients treated via the SEA and comparison group of 162 patients treated via the PA were formed. Then, study groups of 66 patients in each with equal incoming factors were analyzed using propensity score technique. Parameters of safety and efficacy were then retrospectively compared.Results Successful clipping was achieved in all cases of both groups. There were no patients in the SEA group who required conversion to the standard craniotomy. There were no procedure-related deaths in this series. No patient experienced early or late rebleeding in either group. Mean blood loss volume in the SEA group was lower than in the PA group by approximately 77.5ml (P < .001). There were favorable differences in the SEA group regarding postoperative neurological deficit (p = .016), postoperative epileptic seizures rate (p = .013) ischemic and hemorrhagic complications (p = .028 and .0009 respectively) and outcomes (p < .001). Patients’ satisfaction of cosmetic result measured by visual analogue scale were rated highly in both groups (p = .081).Conclusion For patients where SEA provides adequate exposure, the SEA provides safety and cosmetic outcomes that are not inferior to the PA.