bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilizing YouTube Videos to promote Students’ Autonomous Learning
Authors: Marzuki Abdul Gafur , Santiana Santiana
Published: August 2022

merdeka belajar, kampus merdeka are quite familiar for those who are working in HE institution in Indonesia. These concepts have been launched by the Indonesian Ministry of education and culture on January 24, 2020, This policy is intended so that the campus can move more freely, free from the shackles that have been faced so far. There are 4 policies related to the Campus Merdeka package, namely (1) converting Universities from Working Unit Status to Legal Entity status (The changing will make to the implementation of the campus merdeka are due to the current demands that are moving quickly. HE with legal entity status will later be owned by all campuses so that they can compete on the world stage, of course. Basically, all HE with legal entity status will have the flexibility to partner with the industry. This is also related to the flexibility of the campus to carry out commercial projects later. The existence of HE with legal entity status will also be able to make changes to financial arrangements quickly according to what is most needed. (2) simplifying higher education accreditation (this policy is related to the re-accreditation program which is basically automatic for all ranks and is also voluntary for universities. Basically, in the implementation of campus merdeka, in the future the accreditation will remain valid for five years and can be renewed automatically.
College Students' Momentary Stress and Prescription Drug Misuse in Daily Life: Testing Direct Links and the Moderating Roles of Global Stress and Coping
Authors: Papp Lauren , Kouros Chrystyna D , Curtin John Joseph
Published: August 2022

Prior survey-based research has documented associations between greater levels of stress and increased prescription drug misuse behavior. These studies uniformly rely on assessments of both the stress experiences and the substance behavior after they occurred (commonly spanning 6- to 12-month retrospective timeframes). Less is known about the extent to which variations in momentary stress predict the actual occurrence of prescription misuse in daily life among college students with elevated risk for engaging in the behavior. In this study, 297 participants (69% females; Mage = 19.5 years, SDage = 0.71) completed a 28-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) procedure that collected self-reported stress and other contextual experiences in moments preceding prescription drug misuse. Analyses tested the within-person association between momentary stress and prescription drug misuse and examined the extent to which the relation between stress and misuse was moderated by participants’ assigned sex or global stress and coping levels. Results from hierarchical generalized linear modeling indicated a significant within-person association between momentary stress (i.e., higher than usual relative to one’s own mean) and greater likelihood of prescription misuse in daily life, accounting for the number of stressors and timing covariates. No significant moderation by participant sex was found, and moderation effects by global stress and coping levels were not in the expected directions. Direct results highlight the role of momentary stress experiences on health-relevant substance behaviors and provide future directions for research and applied efforts.
Recent Symptom Onset and Photophobia Predict Severity of Visual Snow Syndrome
Authors: Thompson Amy Claire , Goodbourn Patrick T. , Forte Jason
Published: August 2022

Visual Snow (VS) is a perceptual anomaly which manifests as flashing pinpricks of light (dynamic noise) throughout the visual field. Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) has an estimated population prevalence of 2.2% and is thought to be at least moderately debilitating for all who experience it. However, some people who meet the criteria for VSS seemingly have no awareness of it. This may be because they have lower sensory sensitivity, allowing them to ignore these visual phenomena. To investigate this, we recruited two distinct samples of people with VSS: a sample of people with confirmed VSS, recruited via online communities associated with the condition; and a sample of people who met the criteria for the condition but had no prior knowledge of it, recruited and screened for VSS via a crowd-sourcing platform. In total, 100 participants with VSS (49 with confirmed VSS, 51 with latent VSS) completed the Visual Snow Handicap Index and three measures of sensory hypersensitivity. Photophobia predicted both the perceived severity of VSS (β = .35) and the number of VSS symptoms endorsed (β = .45). On average, participants with VSS experienced elevated sensory hypersensitivity across all measures. Additional analyses showed that participants who knew they had VSS endorsed significantly more symptoms than those who did not (p <.001). Furthermore, longer duration of VSS was associated with lower perceived severity (p = .001). Our results suggest that sensory hypersensitivity may be prevalent in people diagnosed with VSS, and indicate that inclusion of cases of latent VSS in future research may be important for a complete understanding of VSS.
Attorney-client relationships in a criminal court in Santa Clara County, California
Authors: Duarte Anthony , Hunt Sophia , Clair Matthew
Published: August 2022

This report describes—and offers recommendations for improving—the quality of attorney-client relationships in a criminal courthouse in Santa Clara County, California. We draw on in-depth interviews and ethnographic observations collected between July 2021 and June 2022 from the Hall of Justice, one of four state courthouses in Santa Clara County that deals with adult criminal cases. Interviews with a diverse sample of 37 defendants suggest that they hold mostly positive views of their relationships with defense attorneys, though such perceptions vary by type of counsel and income. Moreover, among those who hold positive perceptions of their current defense lawyers, some defendants expressed negative attitudes toward, and recounted negative experiences with, current and previous lawyers. Ethnographic observations of public court proceedings further reveal recurring negative attorney-client relationship attributes, including silencing and sidelining, miscommunication, brevity of interaction, and cooperation with the state (or, coercion). We conclude with several immediate and long-range suggestions for improving the quality of defense provision in the county.
An Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibitors for Use in Acid Decapsulation of Samples with Silver Bond Wires
Authors: Martin Kirk A. , Weavers Nancy
Published: August 2022

Silver bond wires can be protected from damage during acid decapsulation by injecting a corrosion inhibitor into the acid stream. Recent experiments show that the injection of an iodic acid solution is effective over a wide range of process parameters, including etch time, etch temperature, and the amount of inhibitor injected. The results presented in the article are based on the use of a 0.3 M iodic acid solution and the decapsulation of parts containing silver alloy wire. However, similar results have been achieved on test samples with pure silver wire using a higher concentration inhibitor solution. Both solutions have very long shelf life and are relatively safe to handle.
Failure Analysis on Soldered Ball Grid Arrays: Part II
Authors: Vogel Gert
Published: August 2022

This is the second article in a two-part series investigating solder connection failures associated with BGA packages. Part I, in the February 2017 issue of EDFA, examines various cases of open and short circuit failures, discusses the formation of voids, and explains how to reveal important clues by grinding away the BGA package. Part II continues the analysis of voids and focuses in on failures due to circuit board faults. In such cases, the board is ground away from the backside, stopping just short of the first inner copper layer. The alignment of the two uppermost copper layers, the integrity of microvias, and other potential problems are then examined using polarized light which readily passes through the remaining resin and fibers. As the examples in the article show, this approach can reveal a wide range of manufacturing defects in PCBs.
Plasma FIB Deprocessing of Integrated Circuits from the Backside
Authors: Principe E.L. , Asadizanjani Navid , Forte Domenic , Tehranipoor Mark , Chivas Robert , DiBattista Michael , Silverman Scott
Published: August 2022

Deprocessing of ICs is often the final step for defect validation in FA cases with limited fault-isolation information. This article presents a workflow for deprocessing ICs from the backside using automated thinning and large-area plasma FIB delayering. Advantages to this approach include a reduction in manual planarization and depackaging and a higher degree of precision and repeatability.
Failure Mechanisms of Electromechanical Relays on PCBAs: Part I
Authors: Vogel Gert
Published: August 2022

This article, the first of a two-part series, investigates the causes of failure in electromechanical relays. In Part I, the author examines contact-related failures due to the buildup of nonconductive particles and films and the effects of arcing and wear. Part II, scheduled for the May 2018 issue of EDFA, presents examples of failures caused by nitrous gases, phosphoric acid crystals, and wax. It also examines a case involving a sealed relay that popped open during operation.
DC/DC Converter Fails to Start Up without Overshoot due to Interaction with Inrush Current Suppression Circuitry
Authors: Xianxin Guo
Published: August 2022

This article explores the failure of a DC/DC converter without start-up overshoot and provides solutions to a problem that is relevant to space electronic systems.
Recent Trends in Counterfeit Electronic Parts
Authors: Schipp Fred
Published: August 2022

Counterfeiting continues to be a concern in the electronics industry, particularly for microprocessors, memory chips, and high temperature range ICs. This article provides an understanding of the extent of the problem, identifies frequently copied parts, and proposes measures to help keep counterfeiters in check.
Superconducting Electronics: A New Frontier for Failure Analysis and Reliability
Authors: Missert Nancy
Published: August 2022

This column assesses the current state and outlook for superconducting device technology and its application in exascale computing.
ESD Challenges on RFID Devices
Authors: Jacob Peter
Published: August 2022

Using the example of smart card radio frequency identification (RFID) devices, this article examines electrostatic discharge risk scenarios encountered during assembly and in the field, and outlines basic countermeasures.
Innovative Puck Design for the Mechanical Cross-Sectioning and Subsequent Analysis of Semiconductor Packaged Samples in Failure Analysis
Authors: Khatkhatay Fauzia , Pichumani Pradip Sairam
Published: August 2022

The causes of failure in flip-chip packaged devices are often found at the interface between the die and package. Exposing the site of interest usually entails some form of mechanical cross-sectioning with the sample embedded in an epoxy puck. This article brings attention to some of the drawbacks with the current approach and presents a solution in the form of a redesigned puck. As test results show, the new puck significantly reduces polishing time, and when cast with a conductive epoxy, minimizes charging artifacts and image distortion during SEM analysis. It also facilitates easy sample removal for subsequent analysis.
Enabling True Root Cause Failure Analysis Using an Atmospheric Oxygen-Only Plasma for Decapsulation of Advanced Packages
Authors: Heusinger-Jonda Lea , Tang Jiaqi , Beenakker Kees
Published: August 2022

Several failure analysis case studies have been conducted over the past few years, illustrating the importance of preserving root-cause evidence by means of artifact-free decapsulation. The findings from three of those studies are presented in this article. In one case, the root cause of failure is chlorine contamination. In another, it is a combination of corrosion and metal migration. The third case involves an EOS failure, the evidence of which was hidden under a layer of carbonized mold compound. In addition to case studies, the article also includes images that compare the results of different decapsulation methods.
EDFAS Virtual Workshop Highlights
Authors: Grosjean David
Published: August 2022

This column provides commentary about the 2020 EDFAS Virtual Workshop. Highlights from the three days of online sessions include a keynote address on the history of MEMS, a panel discussion on 3D packaging technologies, and nearly 60 technical papers and posters. Workshop attendees also had the opportunity to walk through a virtual Expo Hall and learn about new analytical tools and techniques and interact with equipment vendors.
Master FA Technique: Artifact-Free Cross Sectioning of High Aspect Ratio Etch Cavities Using Ink
Authors: Mitchell Travis , Popielarski Brian , Baumann Frieder
Published: August 2022

This Master FA Technique column describes an easy and inexpensive solution to the problem of preparing TEM cross-sectional samples from etched wafers with large aspect ratio vias.
Machine Learning for Time-Resolved Emission: Image Resolution Enhancement
Authors: Chef Samuel , Chua Chung Tah , Gan Chee Lip
Published: August 2022

This article describes a novel method for improving image resolution achieved using time-resolved photon emission techniques. Instead of directly generating images from photon counting, all detected photons are displayed as a point cloud in 3D space and a new higher-resolution image is generated based on probability density functions associated with photon distributions. Unsupervised learning algorithms identify photon distribution patterns as well as fainter emission sources.
Reliability Implications of Energy-Efficient Analog Processing
Authors: Marinella Matthew J.
Published: August 2022

Analog computing is an important step in taking neural net processing to the next level. However, as this column explains, reliability is intimately linked to performance and efficiency in analog systems, more so than in any modern digital system, and further work is required to understand the relationship.
A Strategic Review of Novel Sample Preparation Method for Dopant Profiling of Advanced Node FinFET Devices with Scanning Capacitance Microscopy
Authors: Adhikari Nirmal , Kaszuba Phil , Mathieu Gaitan , Dahanayaka Daminda
Published: August 2022

Sample preparation is a critical step for dopant profiling of FinFET devices, especially when targeting individual fins. This article describes a sample-preparation technique based on low-energy, shallow-angle ion milling and shows how it minimizes surface amorphization and improves scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) signals representative of local active dopant concentration.
Effects of low lactose mare's milk yogurt consumption on gut microbiota function
Authors: Samat Kozhakhmetov , Nurislam Muhanbetganov , Zhanel Pernebek , Dmitriy Babenko , Dinar Tarzhanova , Indira Uyzbaeva , Zhanagul Khassenbekova , Akmaral Zhantureyeva , Zharkyn Jarmukhanov , Saniya Kozhakhmetova , Tamara Tultabayeva , Almagul Kushugulova
Published: August 2022

Background: This study shows that the intake of low-lactose yogurt with the addition of mare's milk can affect the composition, biodiversity, and functional potential of the intestinal microflora.Purpose of the study: To study the effect of low-lactose drinking yogurt from a combination of mare's and cow's milk on the composition and functional repertoire of the fecal microbiota of rats.Methods: The study of the effect of low-lactose drinking yogurt from a combination of mare's and cow's milk on the intestinal microflora was carried out by dietary intervention for 4 weeks. Changes in the fecal microbiota were determined using V1-V3 sequencing of the hypervariable target region of the 16S rRNA gene. Functional prediction was carried out on the basis of the taxonomic structure of the amplicon sequence.Results: The results demonstrated a decrease in overall biodiversity both within the samples and between groups of animals. Discriminatory analysis revealed an increase in the relative content of Ruminococcaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, indeterminate taxon at phylum level, Prevotellaceae and a decrease in Helicobacteraceae, Eubacteriumcoprostanoligenes group, Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillaceae. In addition, changes in the microbial structure also affected the predicted functional repertoire of the gut microbiota.Conclusion: These results demonstrate the consumption of low-lactose drinking yogurt from a combination of mare's and cow's milk, for a short time, can affect the composition and functional repertoire of the fecal microbiota. Keywords: Gut microbiome, rats, low-lactose yogurt, microbial diversity, functional repertoire.
KEDUDUKAN HAK WARIS ISTRI SIRI BESERTA ANAKNYA MENURUT HUKUM WARIS ISLAM
Authors: Najmuddin M. Naufal , Adi Laksono
Published: August 2022

Kedudukan anak dari perkawinan siri dimuka hukum sangat lemah, hal ini dikarenakan dalam perkawinan siri tidak adanya pencatatan secara resmi oleh pejabat pencatat perkawinan (KUA). Anak dari perkawinan siri dianggap oleh hukum negara sebagai anak luar kawin yang mana anak tersebut tidak berhak mendapatkan hak waris dari ayahnya. Sedangkan kedudukan anak siri menurut hukum agama islam disamakan dengan perkawinan yang lainnya, karena dalam agaa islam tidak mengenal adanya pencatatan perkawinan, sehingga anak dari perkawinan siri dianggap sah dan berhak menerima hak waris dari ayah kandungnya atau orang tuanya.
KONSEP ADIL DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM WARIS ISLAM
Authors: Luthfan Mochammad Luthfan Adilin , Kafani Safrul Mufarid
Published: August 2022

Sebuah ilmu yang akan pertama kali hilang di tengah kaum masyarakat dan muslimin adalah ilmu waris atau hukum waris. Tulisan ini bertujuan menjelaskan konsep keadilan dalam hukum waris maupun sudut pandang islam, sudah sangat jelas sebagaimana yang telah disampaikan oleh rasulullah SAW., namun tidak hanya sampai di situ karena disetiap waktu pasti ada usaha untuk merusak tatanan hukum waris islam. Melihat semua itu anggapan bahwa pembagian harta warisan bagi seorang anak laki – laki lebih banyak daripada dua orang anak perempuan, maka dari itu terkadang perempuan menganggap terdzolimi sehingga diperbolehkan untuk memodifikasi dalam hukum waris islam, namun tetap harus berpedoman pada Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) pasal 183 yang menegaskan bahwa ahli waris dapat bersepakat melakukan perdamaian dalam pembagian harta warisan setelah masing – masing menyadari bagiannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan library research (riset perpustakaan) maka, dengan kesimpulan bahwa keadilan dalam hukum waris islam harus mengikuti ketentuan islam bukan pembagian yang sama rata tetapi dibalik pembagian hukum waris islam tersebut harus jugabersifat universal dan ditinjau dari teologi social kehidupan saat ini.
Feedforward and Feedback Function of Selected Lower Limb Muscles Following Plyometric Exercises and Cryotherapy
Authors:   Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz university, Shiraz, Iran., Eftekhari Fresheteh , Kooroshfard Negar ,   Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz university, Shiraz, Iran.
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Despite the widespread use of cryotherapy in sports, there is no specific evidence of its impact on muscle activation, especially following fatigue-induced exercises. This study aimed to assess the impact of cryotherapy alone and after plyometric exercises on knee muscle activation during the drop jump task. Methods: A total of 35 active female subjects (mean±SD age of 22.74±2.10 years, mean body mass index [BMI] of 20.02±2.55 kg/m2) participated in this quasi-experimental study with a pretest-Post-test design. There were three experimental groups (20-minute cryotherapy, plyometric, and plyometric-cryotherapy) and a control group. Electromyography (EMG) amplitudes of knee muscle activation (rectus femoris [RF], biceps femoris [BF], tibialis anterior [TA], medial gastrocnemius [MG]) were measured and compared in three phases of the drop-jump task (one feedforward preactivation and two feedback eccentric and concentric phases). Skin temperature was recorded before and after cooling intervention as well. For comparisons, repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used at a significant level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that the skin temperature decreased significantly after cryotherapy and was maintained for 20 minutes. No significant changes were observed in the EMG of knee muscles in the feedforward and concentric phase of the drop jump task in any groups (P>0.05). However, RF activation decreased following cryotherapy immediately and after 20 minutes as an eccentric phase (P=0.01) and had a significant difference from the control group (P=0.01); besides, EMG activation decreased in cryotherapy, plyometric, and plyometric-cryotherapy groups immediately (P=0.01). However, no significant differences were seen between them and the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the present results, cryotherapy alone and after fatigue-induced plyometric training had a minor effect on the knee muscle activation during a functional jumping movement, but the impact of these changes on knee biomechanics is insignificant; hence, further studies are essential for a better conclusion.
The impact of adverse childhood experiences, psychological distress and resilience on depression in amateur athletes
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran, Salehian Mir Hamid , Mokari Saei Sima ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran., Dastani Samin ,   MA, Department of Psychology, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran., Qiumarsi Esmaeil ,   MA, Department of Physical Education, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Depression is one of the athletes' common problems leading to mental and physical damage. Aim: This study investigates the effect of adverse childhood experiences, psychological distress, and resilience on depression in amateur athletes. Method: The method is descriptive-analytical. The population included amateur athletes in Iran in 2021. 384 individuals were selected as the research sample based on the convenience sampling method. The data collection tool is Beck's Depression Inventory (1996), Connor & Davidson Resilience scale (2003), Pornaghash and Amini Adverse childhood experiences inventory (2019) and Kessler psychological distress scale (2000). In order to analyze the data, the statistical method of structural equations modeling was used by SPSS-20 and PLS-2. Results: The results showed that adverse childhood experiences had an effect of 0.380, resilience -0.360, and psychological distress 0.264 on depression. Conclusion: Conditions for improving athletes' resilience should be provided while managing adverse childhood experiences and psychological distress to reduce burnout. In general, according to the results, it is suggested that by holding training courses, athletes' mental and psychological empowerment are provided.
A comparison between the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Schema Therapy on marital burnout and marital conflicts of patients referred to Gorgan counseling centers
Authors:   Phd Student, Department of Psychology, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran., Moghim Farideh , Asadi Javanshir ,   Assistant Professor, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran., Khajevand Khoshali Afsaneh ,   Assistant Professor, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Marital burnout and conflicts are common phenomenon that weaken relationships and increase marital problems. Aim: The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Schema Therapy on marital burnout and conflicts among applicants for divorce. Method: The research method was a semi experimental study with pre-test post-test control group design. The statistical population of the study included all divorce applicants in 2020. 45 participants in a block randomization were divided into two intervention groups, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (N=15) and Schema Therapy (N=15), and a control group (N=15). The interventions were performed for both groups through 12 sessions, 90 minutes. The control group did not receive any intervention during this period. The Pains Boredom Scale (1996) and the Sanai Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ-R) were used to collect data. Findings were analyzed by SPSS-20 software using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results showed that both Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (P<0.01, F=59.78) and Schema Therapy (P<0.01, F=4.40) are effective on marital burnout and marital conflicts. Comparing two interventions also showed that Schema Therapy was more effective than Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on reducing marital burnout (P<0.01, F=13.60) and couples marital conflicts (P<0.01, F=29.93). Conclusion: According to the results, ACT therapy and schema therapy are important role in reducing marital distress and conflict. Therefore, these methods and other treatment methods should be used to improve marital satisfaction and reduce marital distress and conflict.
Obrada
nastavne teme Osjetilo vida u 2. razredu gimnazije
Authors: Horvat Denis
Published: August 2022

Osjetilo vida, kao jedno od najvažnijih osjetila kojim primamo velik broj informacija u svakodnevnom životu, uglavnom je vrlo zanimljiva tema učenicima. Kreirajući nastavu u kojoj učenici postaju aktivni sudionici, komparativnim se pristupom mogu istodobno promatrati prilagodbe određenog sustava koje su razvile različite skupine organizama. Uspoređivanjem organizama na temelju funkcionalnih i morfoloških značajki osjetila vida te stavljanjem u odnos sposobnost reakcije na podražaje i preživljavanje različitih organizama, promatrajući s evolucijskog aspekta kako su određene prilagodbe doprinijele opstanku vrste, učenici dobivaju pravu sliku živoga svijeta. Na taj način omogućuje se učenicima uvid u načine razvoja pojedinih sustava i mogućnosti opstanka vrste u ekosustavu. Nastavni sat u kojem su učenici aktivni sudionici obrazovnog procesa oblikuje se korištenjem brojnih interaktivnih sadržaja i dodatnih materijala (za čiju je izradu potrebno uložiti dosta truda i vremena) te potkrepljivanjem primjerima koji su poznati učenicima iz svakodnevnog života. Unatoč tome što mnogi učenici nisu naviknuti na takav pristup, povratne informacije prikupljene tijekom i nakon ovakve obrade nastavne jedinice ukazuje da se od njega ne smije odustajati jer dugoročno se može razviti u rutinu i omogućiti lakše usvajanje novih sadržaja poput triju osnovnih strukturnih elemenata osjetila vida.
Upotreba klasičnih društvenih igara pri usvajanju gradiva nastave biologije
Authors: Horvat Denis
Published: August 2022

Suvremeni nastavnik suočen je na dnevnoj bazi s brojnim izazovima kako motivirati učenike tijekom nastavnog procesa. Razvijajući različite metode učenja i poučavanja, težnja mu je pridobiti pažnju učenika. Korištenjem društvenih igara u nastavnom procesu omogućuje se da učenici postaju aktivni sudionici obrazovnog procesa. Klasična igra „Čovječe ne ljuti se“ može se upotrijebiti u svrhu usvajanja pojedinog gradiva ili za sistematizaciju naučenog gradiva. Na taj način se postiže da klasična igra postaje igra za učenje i poučavanje. Uz sve to može se provesti vrednovanje za učenje i vrednovanje kao učenje. Korištenje društvenih igara u nastavnom procesu kod učenika razvija osjećaj sigurnosti, samokontrole, samostalnosti, razvija brojne socijalne vještine te jača samopouzdanje. U tom pogledu, vrlo je važna uloga nastavnika koji će prilagoditi igru i usmjeravati učenike tijekom igranja igre s ciljem ostvarivanja razumijevanja učenika na poticajan i zabavan način.
Kyai Pesantren dan Politik Uang dalam Pilkada Indonesia: Kedudukan Kyai dalam Bernegosiasi dengan Demokrasi Neoliberal
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Umam Moh. Khoirul , Muchlisin Muchlisin ,   Institut Agama Islam Negeri Madura
Published: August 2022

The article about Kyai pesantren and money politics in the Indonesian elections, aims to explain the position of Kyai in the political configuration of neoliberal democracy, between idealism and pragmatism. This study uses a qualitative method of phenomenological studies. The results of the study explain that the role of Kyai pesantren in the political space of Pilkada has increased over the last few decades or after the political reforms rolled after the collapse of the New Order regime in 1998. In line with the increasing awareness of education and political insight of pesantren. Kyai is often an important element in any political consolidation of Pilkada (Indonesia’s Regional Head Election). Kyai in Pilkada is like a socio-political instrument that cannot be left behind like magic in politics. Kyai's fatwa and political support have always been a role model for the community. This phenomenon is in line with the paternalistic nature of people's lives and the political culture of the Indonesian people cannot be separated from the socio-political religion. Kyai as candradimuka companions for the people who teach religion and social norms, are unable to patch up the flow of money politics in the neo-liberal democratic system. Every moment of the Pilkada, Kyai becomes a political broker and is trapped in the paragmatism of money politics. The idealism of pesantren which should be a political mission has been defeated by the hegemony of the political ideology of neoliberalism. So that the political mission shifts from the politics of struggle for amar ma'ruf nahi munkar to pragmatism of money politics.
MODERN PROBLEMS OF CIVILIZATION DEVELOPMENT: review of the book «Theoretical and legal paradigm of the existence of cybernetic (information) civilization: monograph / ed. S.A. Komarov. – Moscow: Publishing House MATGiP, 2022. – 320 p.»
Authors: ГАЛИЕВ Фарит Хатипович
Published: August 2022

Review of the book.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЗАЩИТЫ ПРАВ ДЕТЕЙ-СИРОТ И ПУТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ
Authors: Крюкова Оксана , Гришмановский Анатолий
Published: August 2022

В статье рассматриваются вопросы реализации и защиты прав детей‐сирот с позиций действующего российского законодательства и международных правовых актов. Авторами выделены категории детей‐сирот, выявлены отдельные проблемы при осуществлении надзора за соблюдением их прав, предложены пути решения обозначенных в статье проблем, направленные на улучшение жизни детей‐сирот и детей, оставшихся без попечения родителей.
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА СУДЕБНО-ЭКСПЕРТНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Лапина Ирена Александровна , Омельянюк Георгий Георгиевич , Усов Александр Иванович
Published: August 2022

В статье рассмотрены актуальные проблемы внедрения инновационных механизмов обеспечения качества судебно-экспертной деятельности и их законодательного закрепления. Обоснована целесообразность разработки Кодекса о судебно-экспертной деятельности в Российской Федерации для унификации законодательства об организации и производстве судебных экспертиз в государственных и негосударственных судебно-экспертных организациях, экспертов, занятых судебно-экспертной деятельностью индивидуально, и лиц, обладающих специальными знаниями и привлекаемых к производству судебных экспертиз.
PERANCANGAN ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE PLANNING (EAP) PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Sarif Hamdani Yiyi Muhidin , Octapiani Panka
Published: August 2022

Enterprise Architecture Planning adalah metode yang digunakan untuk membangun arsitektur perusahaan yang merupakan metode arsitektur berorientasi pada kebutuhan perusahaan, terdiri dari arsitektur tertentu, aplikasi dan teknologi disertai dengan rencana implementasi terhadap arsitektur yang telah selesai untuk mendukung kegiatan bisnis untuk mencapai misi organisasi.Enterprise Architecture (EA) pada Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) guna untuk mencapai keberlangsungan perubahan yang ada pada institusi pendidikan tersebut dan memberikan dampak baik bagi siswa-siswi di masa depan, hingga menjadikan sekolah menengah atas (SMA) yang bisa bersaing secara nyata maupun maya dan mencari tahu dengan menggunakan pedoman perencanaan arsitektur perusahaan (EAP) yang ada untuk menghasilkan sebuah cetak biru yang berisi data, perangkat lunak, serta teknologi yang bermanfaat sebagai panduan untuk perbaikan serta pengembangan kualitas sistem untuk mendukung suatu fungsi bisnis di sekolah menengah atas kedepannya and arsitektur aplikasi dibuat setelah arsitektur diproses oleh entitas sehingga arsitektur aplikasi dapat berjalan pada proses bisnis dan organisasi manajemen data arsitektur aplikasi juga mengidentifikasi fungsi bisnis yang didukung oleh aplikasi, data yang dibuat diperbarui oleh aplikasi dan dampaknya terhadap aplikasi yang ada.
Discursos sobre los motivos para migrar a Chile. De la expulsión a la realización profesional
Authors: Soto-Alvarado Sylvia Valeria , Garrido-Castillo Jaime , Gil-Alonso Fernando
Published: August 2022

The paper intends to contribute to understanding the factors leading to the decision to migrate and choose Chile as a destination. Techniques of dialogic inquiry have been used to analyze three groups of migrants (Colombians, Venezuelans, and Spaniards) residing in the Los Lagos Region. The sociological discourse analysis has been used to process the information. The emerging narratives showed four discourse types with respect to migration: forced, traditional labor, professional growth, and the search for professional fulfillment. It is shown that the economic dimension of migration loses relevance while the socio-political circumstances of the sending countries and personal projects and expectations of migrants gain heuristic value.
Real-Time Target Detection Method Based on Lightweight Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Yun Juntong , Jiang Du , Liu Ying , Sun Ying , Tao Bo , Kong Jianyi , Tian Jinrong , Tong Xiliang , Xu Manman , Fang Zifan
Published: August 2022

The continuous development of deep learning improves target detection technology day by day. The current research focuses on improving the accuracy of target detection technology, resulting in the target detection model being too large. The number of parameters and detection speed of the target detection model are very important for the practical application of target detection technology in embedded systems. This article proposed a real-time target detection method based on a lightweight convolutional neural network to reduce the number of model parameters and improve the detection speed. In this article, the depthwise separable residual module is constructed by combining depthwise separable convolution and non–bottleneck-free residual module, and the depthwise separable residual module and depthwise separable convolution structure are used to replace the VGG backbone network in the SSD network for feature extraction of the target detection model to reduce parameter quantity and improve detection speed. At the same time, the convolution kernels of 1 × 3 and 3 × 1 are used to replace the standard convolution of 3 × 3 by adding the convolution kernels of 1 × 3 and 3 × 1, respectively, to obtain multiple detection feature graphs corresponding to SSD, and the real-time target detection model based on a lightweight convolutional neural network is established by integrating the information of multiple detection feature graphs. This article used the self-built target detection dataset in complex scenes for comparative experiments; the experimental results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. The model is tested on video to verify the real-time performance of the model, and the model is deployed on the Android platform to verify the scalability of the model.
Magnetic bead-based adsorption strategy for exosome isolation
Authors: Jiawei Sun , Zhi Chen , Kewei Tian , Xiaoping Li
Published: August 2022

Exosomes, one type of extracellular vesicle (EV) secreted by cells, participate in intercellular communication and other biological processes as carriers of lipids, functional proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and DNA fragments. Their presence in biofluids makes them attractive candidates as innovative clinical diagnostic tools. However, the conventional isolation and analysis of high-purity exosomes in clinical application is challenging, with traditional methods facing a number of shortcomings, including low yield or purity, long periods of processing, high cost, and difficulties in standardization. In this study, we provide an overview of commonly used exosome isolation approaches with a focus on magnetic bead-based capture, an ideal methodology with high purity and integrality of exosomes. The current challenges on exosome isolation methods are also described to highlight areas for future research and development.
BrazIliaN Type 1 & 2 DiabetEs Disease Registry (BINDER): longitudinal, real-world study of diabetes mellitus control in Brazil
Authors: de Almeida-Pititto Bianca , Eliaschewitz Freddy G. , de Paula Mauricio A. , Ferreira Graziela C.
Published: August 2022

Introduction

This study aimed at assessing the patterns of care and glycemic control of patients with diabetes (DM) in real life during a follow-up of 2 years in the public and private health sectors in Brazil.

Methods

BINDER was an observational study of patients >18 years old, with type-1 (T1DM) and type-2 DM (T2DM), followed at 250 sites from 40 cities across the five regions of Brazil. The results for the 1,266 participants who were followed for 2 years are presented.

Main results

Most patients were Caucasians (75%), male (56.7%) and from the private health sector (71%). Of the 1,266 patients who entered the analysis, 104 (8.2%) had T1DM and 1162 (91.8%) had T2DM. Patients followed in the private sector represented 48% of the patients with T1DM and 73% of those with T2DM. For T1DM, in addition to insulins (NPH in 24%, regular in 11%, long-acting analogues in 58%, fast-acting analogues in 53%, and others in 12%), the patients received biguanide (20%), SGLT2-I (4%), and GLP-1Ra (<1%). After 2 years, 13% of T1DM patients were using biguanide, 9% SGLT2-I, 1% GLP-1Ra, and 1% pioglitazone; the use of NPH and regular insulins decreased to 13% and 8%, respectively, while 72% were receiving long-acting insulin analogues, and 78% fast-acting insulin analogues. Treatment for T2DM consisted of biguanide (77%), sulfonylureas (33%), DPP4 inhibitors (24%), SGLT2-I (13%), GLP-1Ra (2.5%), and insulin (27%), with percentages not changing during follow-up. Regarding glucose control, mean HbA1c at baseline and after 2 years of follow-up was 8.2 (1.6)% and 7.5 (1.6)% for T1DM, and 8.4 (1.9)% and 7.2 (1.3)% for T2DM, respectively. After 2 years, HbA1c<7% was reached in 25% of T1DM and 55% of T2DM patients from private institutions and in 20.5% of T1DM and 47% of T2DM from public institutions.

Conclusion

Most patients did not reach the HbA1c target in private or public health systems. At the 2-year follow-up, there were no significant improvements in HbA1c in either T1DM or T2DM, which suggests an important clinical inertia.
Dynamic Changes of Gene Expression in Mouse Mural Trophectoderm Regulated by Cdx2 During Implantation
Authors: Suzuki Daisuke , Sasaki Keisuke , Kumamoto Soichiro , Tanaka Keisuke , Ogawa Hidehiko
Published: August 2022

Implantation of the blastocyst into the uterus is a specific and essential process for mammalian embryonic development. In mice, implantation is initiated from the mural trophectoderm of the blastocyst and the mTE controls implantation progression by acquiring the ability to attach and invade into the endometrium while differentiating into primary trophoblast giant cells. Nevertheless, it remains largely unclear when and how the mTE differentiates and acquires this ability during implantation. Here, by RNA sequencing analysis with the pre- and peri-implantation mTE, we show that the mTE undergoes stage-specific and dynamic changes of gene expression during implantation. We also reveal that the mTE begins down-regulating Cdx2 and up-regulating differentiation marker genes during the peri-implantation stage. In addition, using trophectoderm (TE) -specific lentiviral vector-mediated gene transduction, we demonstrate that TE-specific Cdx2 overexpression represses differentiation of the mTE into the primary trophoblast giant cells. Moreover, we reveal that TE-specific Cdx2 overexpression also represses the up-regulation of cell adhesion- and migration-related genes, including Slc6a14, Slc16a3, Itga7, Itgav and Itgb3, which are known to regulate migration of trophectoderm cells. In particular, the expression of Itgb3, an integrin subunit gene, exhibits high inverse correlation with that of Cdx2 in the TE. Reflecting the down-regulation of the genes for TE migration, TE-specific Cdx2 overexpression causes suppression of the blastocyst outgrowth in vitro and abnormal progression of implantation in vivo. Thus, our results specify the time-course changes of global gene expression in the mTE during implantation and uncover the significance of Cdx2 down-regulation for implantation progression.
Volumetric imaging reveals VEGF-C-dependent formation of hepatic lymph vessels in mice
Authors: Bobe Stefanie , Beckmann Daniel , Klump Dorothee Maria , Dierkes Cathrin , Kirschnick Nils , Redder Esther , Bauer Nadine , Schäfers Michael , Erapaneedi Raghu , Risse Benjamin , van de Pavert Serge A. , Kiefer Friedemann
Published: August 2022

The liver is a major biosynthetic and detoxifying organ in vertebrates, but also generates 25%–50% of the lymph passing through the thoracic duct and is thereby the organ with the highest contribution to lymph flow. In contrast to its metabolic function, the role of the liver for lymph generation and composition is presently severely understudied. We took a rigorous, volume imaging-based approach to describe the microarchitecture and spatial composition of the hepatic lymphatic vasculature with cellular resolution in whole mount immune stained specimen ranging from thick sections up to entire mouse liver lobes. Here, we describe that in healthy adult livers, lymphatic vessels were exclusively located within the portal tracts, where they formed a unique, highly ramified tree. Ragged, spiky initials enmeshed the portal veins along their entire length and communicated with long lymphatic vessels that followed the path of the portal vein in close association with bile ducts. Together these lymphatic vessels formed a uniquely shaped vascular bed with a delicate architecture highly adapted to the histological structure of the liver. Unexpectedly, with the exception of short collector stretches at the porta hepatis, which we identified as exit point of the liver lymph vessels, the entire hepatic lymph vessel system was comprised of capillary lymphatic endothelial cells only. Functional experiments confirmed the space of Disse as the origin of the hepatic lymph and flow via the space of Mall to the portal lymph capillaries. After entry into the lymphatic initials, the lymph drained retrograde to the portal blood flow towards the exit at the liver hilum. Perinatally, the liver undergoes complex changes transforming from the main hematopoietic to the largest metabolic organ. We investigated the time course of lymphatic vessel development and identified the hepatic lymphatics to emerge postnatally in a process that relies on input from the VEGF-C/VERGFR-3 growth factor—receptor pair for formation of the fully articulate hepatic lymph vessel bed.
Assessment of landslide susceptibility, exposure, vulnerability, and risk in shahpur valley, eastern hindu kush
Authors: Rahman Ghani , Bacha Alam Sher , Ul Moazzam Muhammad Farhan , Rahman Atta Ur , Mahmood Shakeel , Almohamad Hussein , Al Dughairi Ahmed Abdullah , Al-Mutiry Motrih , Alrasheedi Mona , Abdo Hazem Ghassan
Published: August 2022

This study assessed landslide susceptibility in Shahpur valley, situated in the eastern Hindu Kush. Here, landslides are recurrent phenomena that disrupt the natural environment, and almost every year, they cause huge property damages and human losses. These damages are expected to escalate in the study area due to the high rate of deforestation in the region, population growth, agricultural expansion, and infrastructural development on the slopes. Landslide susceptibility was assessed by applying “weight of evidence” (WoE) and “information value” (IV) models. For this, the past landslide areas were identified and mapped on the SPOT5 satellite image and were verified from frequent field visits to remove the ambiguities from the initial inventory. Seven landslide contributing factors including surface geology, fault lines, slope aspect and gradient, land use, and proximity to roads and streams were identified based on indigenous knowledge and studied scientific literature. The relationship of landslide occurrence with contributing factors was calculated using WoE and IV models. The susceptibility maps were generated based on both the WoE and IV models. The results showed that the very high susceptible zone covered an area of 14.49% and 12.84% according to the WoE and IV models, respectively. Finally, the resultant maps were validated using the success and prediction rate curves, seed cell area index (SCAI), and R-index approaches. The success rate curve validated the results at 80.34% for WoE and 80.13% for the IV model. The calculated prediction rate for both WoE and IV was 83.34 and 85.13%, respectively. The SCAI results showed similar performance of both models in landslide susceptibility mapping. The result shows that the R-index value for the very high LS zone was 29.64% in the WoE model, and it was 31.21% for the IV model. Based on the elements at risk, a landslide vulnerability map was prepared that showed high vulnerability to landslide hazards in the lower parts of the valley. Similarly, the hazard and vulnerability maps were combined, and the risk map of the study area was generated. According to the landslide risk map, 5.5% of the study area was under high risk, while 2% of the area was in a very high-risk zone. It was found from the analysis that for assessing landslide susceptibility, both the models are suitable and applicable in the Hindu Kush region.