bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vastus Lateralis Muscle Flap for High-Risk Patients Undergoing Orthopaedic Hip Surgery
Authors: Olsson Sofia E. , Amado Isabella , Fijany Arman , Soleimani Shirin , Troia Thomas , Washington Kimberly L. , Sanchez Hugo B. , Kurapati Srikanth , Pekarev Maxim
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Chronic infections and soft-tissue defects are serious complications after total hip arthroplasties (THAs) that may require hip disarticulation (HD). HD is a relatively high-risk procedure with poor long-term outcomes and survival. This is the first study to analyze the effect of an ipsilateral, pedicled vastus lateralis (VL) muscle flap in preventing HD in patients with recurrent complications after THA.

Methods:

This retrospective case review analyzed the 6-month postoperative outcomes of 14 patients who underwent soft-tissue hip reconstruction with a VL muscle flap by a single surgeon.

Results:

Most (86%) patients fully recovered after 6 months with preserved hip range of motion, no pain, and no weakness on ambulation. Two (14%) patients ultimately required HD despite introducing a VL flap.

Discussion:

A VL muscle flap is an effective treatment of nonhealing THA and prophylactic intervention for patients at high risk for HD. The VL muscle is optimal because of its large size allowing reduction of soft-tissue dead space, its local anatomical location to the hip, and its exceptional vascularity. Additional prospective studies are necessary to determine the most appropriate population for this technique.
Technology-enhanced training for central venous catheter insertion training: a reflective essay
Authors: Cheung Victor , So Eric Hang-Kwong , Nestel Debra , Hung Jeff Leung-Kit , So Sze-Sze , Chia Nam-Hung , Ng George Wing-Yiu
Published: April 2024

Abstract

With the advancement of innovative technology, healthcare professionals stand to benefit from adjustments to procedural skills training/assessment introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this essay, we reflect on the development of a virtual reality (VR)-based training programme to support medical and nursing staff in procedural skills for central venous catheter (CVC) insertion, related communication skills and situation awareness. The remote delivery was a direct response to the impact of the pandemic and is likely to remain as an educational strategy on our centre.
An assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices toward ecopharmacology among health-care professionals at a tertiary care center – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Khanavkar Rajat , Hannan Abdul , Dhodi Dinesh , Chawre Sanjeevani , Bhure Anjali , Raj Divya
Published: April 2024

Background: Ecopharmacology, a field emerging at the intersection of pharmacology and environmental science, focuses on the impact of pharmaceuticals on ecosystems and public health. Given the increasing recognition of environmental issues associated with pharmaceutical waste, understanding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of health-care professionals (HCPs) toward ecopharmacology is crucial.

Aims and Objectives: This study aims to assess KAP toward ecopharmacology among HCPs at a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study employed a pre-validated self-administered structured online questionnaire for data collection, conducted between October 2023 and December 2023. The questionnaire consisted participant’s demographic data, profession, designation, and department and 20 questions to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of HCPs regarding ecopharmacology. The data were subsequently analyzed and presented as percentages.

Results: Out of 320 consenting participants 300 HCPs satisfactorily completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 93.75%. In our study, a significant majority of participants (97%) demonstrated awareness of the potential hazards posed to public safety by expired or unused medicines if not disposed of properly. A considerable proportion of participants (80.4%) acknowledged that pharmaceutical pollution can contribute to antibiotic resistance. Most participants strongly supported environmentally responsible medication disposal, advocating for guidelines, collection boxes in health-care facilities, and manufacturer involvement. Regarding practice, 76.5%, of participants admitted to pouring leftover syrup or lotion into the wash basin. A vast majority (95%) expressed their willingness to engage in proper medication disposal programs.

Conclusion: The present study highlights a significant level of awareness and concern regarding pharmaceutical waste management among HCPs. However, there is an urgent need for initiatives to educate HCPs about appropriate medication disposal methods and to encourage the adoption of environmentally friendly practices.
Article: A Case Note on the ICSID Tribunal’s Decision in Hydro and Others v. Albania: Indirect Expropriation and Proportionality
Authors: Godinez Rafael Quintero
Published: April 2024

This case note delves into the complexities of balancing state regulatory authority and investor protections in the context of indirect expropriation, as exemplified in Hydro and Others v. Albania. The commentary scrutinizes the inherent structural bias of the Tribunal, which favoured the sole effects doctrine over the police powers doctrine, thereby slanting the scale towards investor interests. This focus often leaves states defending not just the merits of their regulations but also the extent to which these regulations impact the investor, shifting the tribunal’s attention from regulatory intent to merely quantifying investor detriment. Building on the notion of managerialism, the note argues that this bias makes it challenging for the Tribunal to shift away from its initial pro-investor stance. To restore balance, the commentary advocates for a framework guided by the police powers doctrine, enriched by the principle of proportionality. The note concludes by discussing the ramifications of continued bias, including the erosion of the regime’s legitimacy, evidenced by several countries, including Albania, reconsidering or severing their affiliations with the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Dispute (ICSID), thus signaling an urgent need for recalibration to preserve the legitimacy of the international arbitration regime.

Indirect Expropriation, Legitimacy Crisis in Investment Arbitration, Sole Effects Doctrine, Police Powers Doctrine, Structural Bias, Principle of Proportionality, Host State Sovereignty, Investor Protection, Balkans in International Investment Arbitration, Managerialism
Article: Agenda Setting and Decision Making under the OECD/G20 IF and the WTO – Developing Countries and Reform
Authors: Magwape Mbakiso
Published: April 2024

This article is the outcome of the call for papers on the topic ‘Democratic Legitimacy Of Decision Making Process in Tax’

The OECD/G20 IF and the WTO have increasingly been subject to calls for reform in recent years. Imbalanced power asymmetries in agenda setting and deficiencies in decision making mechanisms have contributed to the existential crisis under the WTO and to legitimacy challenges under the international tax rulemaking body by developing countries. This article examines similarities and differences in structural and procedural legal frameworks and political considerations that facilitate the rulemaking processes and compares the lessons that have been learned.

The article finds that both institutions have [historically] fallen short of incorporate agenda items of interest aligned to national needs in developing countries, resulting in gradually declining perceptions of legitimacy and exclusionary processes dominated by closed groups of developed countries. As a result, developing countries under the WTO have used decision-making processes to ‘opt-out’ as an exercise of country preferences thereby resulting in gridlocks caused by the exclusionary nature of the agenda. The informal fluid structure of the OECD/G20 IF has facilitated critical global breakthroughs in Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) related issues, its exigent nature, however, has conversely resulted in challenges. These have been charachterized by opaque arbitrary procedures on the acceptance and rejection of proposals creates input-legitimacy concerns; timelines that impinge on democratic consultative processes; and the absence of alternative approaches to ‘opt-out’, limiting policy options for developing countries.

The article further finds that special and differential treatment (S&DT) provides developing countries with much needed policy discretion to address international trade and tax related issues of interest. This may potentially counteract agenda-setting and decision-making deficiencies in both institutions and offset pre-existing onerous commitments imposed by the single-undertaking principle and BEPS minimum standards. S&DT is not without its challenges and controversies, though deficiencies in the relevancy of measures, lack of enforceability, and disagreements over eligibility highlight current weaknesses. The article explores a number of reforms and proposals.

Inclusive-Framework, WTO, agenda-setting, decision-making, rulemaking, S&DT, preferential-treatment, developing, UN, consensus.
Giving Meaning To Limitations
Authors: Nishimura Shohei
Published: April 2024

This article analyses the functions and disciplines of the cumulative injury assessment under Article 3.3 of the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 (‘Anti-Dumping Agreement’). Since the text calls for cumulation only if ‘appropriate’, this article refers to the treaty context, the preparatory works, the precedent dispute settlement cases, as well as the relevant practice of the WTO member countries, to understand the purpose of cumulation and to give meaning to this key element of the treaty text. The analyses lead to the interpretation of Article 3.3 that, in order to ‘determine’ that cumulation is ‘appropriate’, an investigating authority needs to identify the factual circumstances where the subject products from all of the cumulated sources compete so intensively that the market position of dumped imports from all but one of the cumulated sources can be realistically taken over by the imports from one remaining source rather than the domestic like products. This article later calls such circumstances the ‘competitive overlaps’. While Article 3.3 gives an authority a certain degree of discretion, the authority’s determination must be based on the factual elements relevant for the competitive overlap in each case.

GATT, WTO, Anti-dumping Agreement, anti-dumping, cumulation, cumulative assessment, conditions of competition, competitive overlap
Study of images in French as a foreign language class: Between fixed image and moving image
Authors: Laurent Ngalubi Mukengeshayi
Published: April 2024

We were interested in the image. The latter, visual and figurative representation, has always been part of the means used in the teaching-learning of languages, we note that this support is always present in the language class, because in addition to its aspect of humor, the image is capable of explaining the linguistic code, by referring to another code. Thus, the image as a teaching aid could also have a considerable impact on the comprehension of writing among learners in the 7th and 8th years of basic education. This article is particularly interested in the teachers responsible for the information and communication technology course and the designers of programs and manuals. The main objective of the article is to give attention to this support likely to facilitate the teaching/learning of the French language. It first presents two types of images: a still image medium, namely a comic strip and an animated image medium, namely a video extract and scriptural and intercultural skills and Then, he focuses on to descriptive data taken from questionnaires intended for students concerning these aforementioned skills. The article also examines the relationships between the use of images in the teaching-learning process and the two skills.
An Intellectual Review of the Travelogue “Taparwasni”
Authors: Naz Samina , Naseem Sindhu Dr Aqsa
Published: April 2024

"Taparvasni" (Gypsy) is the second collection of Parveen Atif's travelogues, which came out in 1995 after a gap of eight years from his earlier collection "Kiran, Titli Aur Bagole". Parveen Atif traveled to different cities and wrote these travelogues by dividing them into different chapters. In this travelogue, visits to Luckhnow (India), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Amsterdam (Holland), Peking (China) and Hiroshima (Japan) have been described; whereas visits to London (UK) and Damascus (Syria) have also been mentioned. The purpose of the visits included in this travelogue contains engagements in sports (hockey) and allied official duties. This article presents an intellectual review of the said travelogues highlighting their literary, observational and cultural importance.
Đánh giá khả năng tạo bãi và phục hồi rừng ngập mặn của tuyến kè giảm sóng tại bờ biển Tây tỉnh Cà Mau
Authors: Nguyễn Duy Khánh , Đinh Duy , Trần Văn Tỷ , Trương Khải Mẫn , Huỳnh Thị Cẩm Hồng , Trần Văn Hừng , Lê Nhựt Tân
Published: April 2024

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm quan trắc diễn biến diện tích rừng ngập mặn (RNM) và bãi biển phía trong tuyến kè giảm sóng hai hàng cọc ly tâm đổ đá dọc theo bờ biển Tây huyện Trần Văn Thời tỉnh Cà Mau. Phương pháp phân tích ảnh viễn thám và đo đạc tại hiện trường được thực hiện để đánh giá diễn biến diện tích RNM và độ xói/bồi bãi biển. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy diện tích RNM đã chuyển từ trạng thái suy giảm nghiêm trọng (7,67 ha/năm) sang trạng thái ổn định từ sau khi xây dựng tuyến kè (1,0 ha/năm). Bãi biển được bảo vệ bởi tuyến kè cũng đã bồi lên từ 3,5 cm đến 7,0 cm trong khoảng thời gian 01 tháng.
Зарубіжний досвід державного управління містобудівною діяльністю
Authors: Хар М. І.
Published: April 2024

Актуальність даного дослідження полягає у тому, що світове населення все більше концентрується у містах, що створює потребу в ефективному управлінні міським середовищем, розвитку інфраструктури та забезпеченні комфортних умов для проживання населення. Метою статті є аналіз кращого зарубіжного досвіду державного управління містобудівною діяльністю. Дизайн дослідження включав кілька етапів: вибір конкретних аспектів державного управління містобудівною діяльністю, які будуть аналізуватися; відбір країни з урахуванням досвіду та важливості для контексту дослідження; здійснення детального аналізу обраної проблематики, оцінка зібраних даних з метою виявлення тенденцій та можливостей для впровадження. Гіпотеза: використання німецького досвіду в розробці регіональних планів та використанні інноваційних технологій може стати ефективним інструментом для забезпечення сталого розвитку міст, оскільки він сприяє визначенню ключових напрямків розвитку та раціональному використанню територій з урахуванням соціально-економічних трансформацій. У ході дослідження застосовано методи концептуального аналізу та теоретичного узагальнення, компаративний аналіз та метод порівняння, а також метод контент-аналізу при дослідженні моделей та стратегій управління містобудівною діяльністю закордоном. Як результат, з’ясовано, що однією з найбільш наболілих проблем в сфері містобудування на сьогоднішній день вважається завчасне старіння планувальних документів, наприклад зменшення термінів їхньої дії, і потреба у їхньому поновленні швидко зростає. Розглянуто особливості німецького територіального планування, зокрема його рівні та інструменти. Визначено основне завдання регіонального планування. Наведено структуру регіонального плану, до якого входить картографічна частина, де використовуються три види картографічних одиниць. Теоретичне значення статті полягає у тому, що отримані дані вносять важливий внесок у розуміння процесів розробки територіальних планів у контексті містобудування. Практичне значення отриманих результатів полягає у тому, що врахування німецького досвіду у розробці територіальних планів може підвищити ефективність управління містобудівною діяльністю в українських реаліях. Цінність статті полягає у тому, що незважаючи на те, що німецький досвід розроблення регіональних планів засвідчує, що даний процес набуває досить довготривалий характер та здійснюється в умовах соціально-економічних та інформаційно-інноваційних трансформацій, регіональний план представляє довготривалу перспективу щодо організації, забезпечення і розвитку регіону та сприяє її реалізації. Перспективи подальших досліджень включають аналіз впливу регіонального планування на сталість розвитку міст та регіонів у довгостроковій перспективі; розробку методів та інструментів адаптації німецьких підходів до конкретних умов українських міст. Дана стаття є теоретичною.
Роль інституту волонтерства у соціальній роботі під час повномасштабного вторгнення росії на територію України
Authors: Шапошникова І. В. , Вірт Ю. М.
Published: April 2024

У дослідженні розкрито змістовні параметри українського волонтерства в умовах збройної російської агресії. Акцентовано, що на етапі повномасштабного вторгнення росії на територію України волонтерський рух в Україні став проявом зрілості громадянського суспільства, що доповнює функції державних органів, сприяє стабілізації і регулюванню суспільних відносин в умовах децентралізації. Розкрито роль та значущість волонтерського руху для формування основ процесів посилення потужностей соціальної самоорганізації та суспільної згуртованості громадян. Зазначено, що українське волонтерство набуло особливої актуальності та ознак життєво необхідного явища під час повномасштабного вторгнення, внаслідок його ролі у підтримці та наданні допомоги військовим, постраждалим, забезпеченні соціалізації вразливих груп. Авторами узагальнені історичні витоки сучасного волонтерства та виокремлені основні етапи активізації українського волонтерства протягом 2014-2022 рр. Визначено специфіку та основні тренди сучасного етапу розвитку українського волонтерства. Розкриті основні мотиви долучення осіб до волонтерської діяльності. Виявлено, що основу сучасного волонтерства зумовлюють такі прагнення особистості: бути причетним до чогось суспільно корисного та важливого й знайти однодумців; отримати новий досвід і нові досягнення внаслідок самостійності прийняття рішень чи в соціальній роботі парі з експертами; мати владу, визнання та впізнаваність. Обґрунтовано важливість використання можливостей сучасних ІКТ, цифрових, мережевих технологій для посилення дієвості українського волонтерського руху й залучення його ресурсів на потреби посилення обороноздатності країни, життєзабезпечення українського населення, що постраждало від збройної російської агресії, й подальшого повоєнного відновлення України. Запропоновано низку практичних заходів для посилення результативності волонтерства в Україні, зокрема щодо державної підтримки, професійного розвитку волонтерів, створення механізмів партнерства та підвищення свідомості суспільства. Зазначено, що волонтерство важливе явище для соціальної безпеки, економічного розвитку, підтримки вразливих груп населення та підвищення соціально-економічного добробуту в Україні.
NetFense: Adversarial Defenses against Privacy Attacks on Neural Networks for Graph Data
Authors:   students, Department of Electronics and Communication, Santhiram Engineering College,A.P, India., K Venkatesh
Published: April 2024

Recent advances in protecting node privacy on graph data and attacking graph neural networks (GNNs) gain much attention. The eye does not bring these two essential tasks together yet. Imagine an adversary can utilize the powerful GNNs to inferusers’ private labels in a social network. How can we adversarial defend against such privacy attacks while maintaining the utility of perturbed graphs? In this work, we propose a novel research task, adversarial defenses against GNN-based privacy attacks, and present a graph perturbation-based approach, NetFense, to achieve the goal. NetFense can simultaneously keep graph data unnoticed ability (i.e., having limited changes on the graph structure), maintain the prediction confidence of targeted label classification (i.e., preserving data utility), and reduce the prediction confidence of private label classification (i.e., protecting the privacy of nodes). Experiments conducted on ingle- and multiple-target perturbations using three real graph data exhibit that the perturbed graphs by NetFense can effectively maintain data utility (i.e., model unnoticed ability) on targeted label classification and significantly decrease the prediction confidence of private label classification (i.e., privacy protection). Extensive studies also bring several insights, such as the flexibility of NetFense, preserving local neighbourhoods in data unnoticed ability, and better privacy protection for high-degree nodes.
Online Fraud Exposed: Tactics and Strategies of Cyber Scammers
Authors:   Department of Computer Science & Engineering  Sharda School of Engineering & Technology  Sharda University  Greater Noida, India, Suela Luis Ca
Published: April 2024

Online fraud has become an increasingly prevalent and damaging issue in the digital age. Cyber scammers employ a wide range of tactics and strategies to deceive and exploit unsuspecting victims, resulting in substantial financial losses and compromised personal information. This review paper examines the current landscape of online fraud, exploring the various techniques employed by cybercriminals, the potential consequences for individuals and organizations, and the efforts undertaken to combat this growing threat [1]. By analyzing relevant literature and case studies, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of online fraud, its evolution, and the measures necessary to mitigate its impact. Additionally, a table is presented to summarize the techniques implemented in recent years, highlighting the rapidly evolving nature of cyber threats. The paper concludes with future recommendations and strategies to enhance online security and protect against fraud. Keywords: Online Fraud, Cyber crime, Scammers, Scam, Cyber, Tactics;
Experimental Investigation and Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Chopped Strand Mat-E Glass Fiber Polyster Resin & Silica Powder Composites
Authors:   B. Tech Final Year Students, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Visakha Institute of Engineering and Technology., K . Jaswanth
Published: April 2024

Composite materials play a vital role in many industrial applications. Researchers are working on fabrication of new composite materials worldwide to enhance the applicability of these materials. In view of this the mechanical performance of the composite material is essential. The objective of the present work is to analyze the effect of Silica powders content on the mechanical behavior of woolen E-glass 350gm-Glass fiber reinforced. Five different types of composites are fabricated using 0%,2%,4%,6%,8%wt of Silica powders with woolen-E glass fiber and polyester resin. The polyester resin, catalyst and accelerator are mixed in 50:1:1weight ratio in polyester matrix Silica. The aim of the project is to investigate the effect of Silica powders with woolen e-glass 350gm for making the composite material stronger and tougher. The investigation is carried out by mixing different weight percentages of the Silica powders with the polyester resin and preparing individual samples. After woolen- eglass preparation, the materials were properly mixed using the hand-lay techniques and different specimens were prepared with different compositions of the Silica powders. After all the samples were prepared, mechanical tests were carried out on the samples to ascertain the changesobserved due to the composition of Silica powders. The obtained results of various samples specimens were compared and graphically charted to characterize the new composites material. Keywords: Chopped Strand Mat (CSM) 450 G M-Glass Fiber; Silica Powder; Polyester Resin;Hand-Lay;Catalyst;Accelerator.
HUMAN STRESS DETECTION BASED ON SLEEPING HABITS THROUGH MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS
Authors:   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Tirumala Engineering College, Sandeep Nidubrolu Lakshmi
Published: April 2024

Stress is a mental or emotional state brought on by demanding or unavoidable circumstances, also referred to as stressors. In order to prevent any unfavorable occurrences in life, it is crucial to understand human stress levels. Sleep disturbances are related to a number of physical, mental, and social problems. This study's main objective is to investigate how human stress might be detected using machine learning algorithms based on sleep-related behaviors. Detecting and understanding stress patterns during sleep can provide valuable insights into individuals' overall stress levels and aid in the development of targeted interventions for stress management. This project focuses on the detection of human stress in and through sleep using various sensing modalities and machine learning techniques. The project employs a multimodal approach, combining physiological signals, sleep-related data, and contextual information to capture comprehensive stress patterns during sleep. Physiological signals such as heart rate, electro dermal activity, and respiratory patterns are collected using wearable sensors, while sleep-related data, including sleep stages and sleep quality metrics, are obtained through polysomnography and actigraphy. This data when given to the web application performs the prediction through the ML model and gives the predicted output. This project is made on a Decision Tree Classifier with best hyper parameters. Key Words: Stress, Sleep disturbances, Human stress, Physiological signals, Polysomnography, Actigraphy
A Novel Algorithm for Cyber Security Analysis for Supply Chain Security
Authors:   Chinni Lakshmi Sruthi, Computer Science & Engineering Department, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, India, Rao Dr. D. V. Divakara
Published: April 2024

The Cyber Supply Chain (CSC) system is a multifaceted system with multiple subsystems carrying out distinct functions. The inherent vulnerabilities and threats from any portion of the system that can be exploited at any point in the supply chain make supply chain security difficult. This can cause a severe disruption on the overall business continuity. Thus, it is critical for organizations to comprehend and assess the risks in order to implement the appropriate supply chain security management measures. In order to analyse and forecast the risks based on the features of Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI), we have combined CTI with Machine Learning (ML) approaches. To demonstrate the applicability of our approach, CTI data is gathered and a number of ML algorithms, i.e., Logistic Regression (LG), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF) and Decision Tree (DT), are used to develop predictive analytics using the Microsoft Malware Prediction dataset. KEYWORDS: Cyber Supply Chain, Malware, Cyber Threat Intelligence, Machine Learning.
Desde la actividad turística botánica hasta el desarrollo ecosocial
Authors: AVALOS GAMEZ LEOGILDA , Vargas Salazar Mario Uldarico
Published: April 2024

El artículo aborda la estrecha relación entre el turismo botánico y el desarrollo ecosocial, enfatizando en la importancia del ecoturismo para conservar áreas protegidas y su biodiversidad. Se presentan tres teorías relevantes relacionadas con la sostenibilidad y sensibilización ambiental. El estudio propone un marco teórico con diferentes fases que consideran la accesibilidad y el desarrollo turístico sostenible, buscando una conexión significativa entre las personas y la naturaleza, promoviendo el avance del turismo sostenible, destacando el valor del turismo botánico para proteger la biodiversidad y fomentar un desarrollo ecosocial responsable, garantizando un futuro equitativo y sostenible.
Desde las discapacidades con afectación mental hasta la actividad comunal especializada
Authors: Alejo Cornejo Jesús Christian Josue , Vargas Salazar Mario Uldarico
Published: April 2024

La investigación trata sobre la discapacidad mental se refiere a las limitaciones que enfrentan las personas como resultado de trastornos mentales o problemas psicosociales graves. Las actividades de la comunidad profesional están dirigidas a favorecer la inclusión social y participación plena de estas personas. Los centros comunitarios de salud mental brindan servicios especializados para tratar con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas. Afectadas. Es importante destacar que estos trastornos se pueden manejar con el apoyo de profesionales psiquiátricos, familias y la comunidad.
Modeling the Economic Value of Green Spaces in Residential Areas of Dar Es Salaam City, Tanzania
Authors: Mwageni Nicholaus Fabian
Published: April 2024

The economic value of green spaces in residential areas has been advocated to raise the land and property values. However, the establishment of the economic value of green spaces need many data such that it is costly and needs expertise. The objective of this study was to develop a user-friendly mathematical model that employ few data to determine the economic value of green spaces in residential areas in Dar es Salaam City. The study was cross sectional and employed structured questionnaires as a data collection method. Linear regression model was developed by relating economic values of green spaces to various environmental and socio-economic conditions of households. The study revealed that the net economic value of home greenery was significantly influenced by income of the households, area covered, age of the respondents and green space type. The average net benefit calculated from the model (1,317USD per household per year) was not far from the normal arithmetic mean calculated through traditional methods (1,369USD per household per year). This implies that the model can best predict the overall mean of the net benefit by 96.2%. It is therefore, recommended that the model can be used to estimate the economic value of ecosystem services from home greenery, property value and can guide the establishment of compensation for households due to green space availability.
Conceptualising Children's Rights in Digital Spaces: Emerging Issues and Challenges
Authors: Choudhury Aratrika
Published: April 2024

The transnational and ostensibly age-blind digital spaces, facilitating new socio-cultural interconnections, recasting of identities, and commiserations of creative output, posits a distinctive set of opportunities, benefits and risks for present-day "digital natives". This paper seeks to transcend mainstream protectionist rhetoric framing conceptualizations of children 's rights in digital spaces, and to proffer more empowering, holistic and inclusive approaches towards effectuating their virtual citizenship. By undertaking interdisciplinary analyses, this paper seeks to delineate a sound normative and epistemological framework that conceptualizes digital spaces as actuating children 's rights. Further, this paper seeks to examine the key issues and challenges in realizing, broadly, the 3 P ' of "Participation", "Provision", "Protection" and allied rights, as well as guiding principles enshrined in the UNCRC, particularly with reference to digital spaces; and by employing these insights, it proposes to proffer pragmatic legal and policy recommendations that effectuate children's rights in such spaces, especially in the Indian context.
A Study on the Impact of Fintech on the Financial Behaviour of Individuals
Authors: Nalini Dr. R , . Sreelakshmi
Published: April 2024

Technological infusion into the financial services sector is the new mode of advancement that brought in enormous changes to the sector. There are roughly over 3085 Fintech companies operating in India as of 2023 with market capital over USD 226 billion. The financial services industry has shifted from providing traditional services to giving Fintech services. Fintech has brought in changes in the financial behaviour patterns of individuals. The present trends in Fintech revolve around embedded finance, digital regulatory standards, and e-money institutions. This study is undertaken to explore the factors that have caused individuals to adopt Fintech and how this Fintech adoption has influenced their financial behaviour patterns concerning savings, expenditure, investment, and financial management. The users of Fintech applications from Chennai have been considered for the study. A sample of 256 respondents has been collected via a well-structured questionnaire using the purposive sampling method and analyzed using SPSS (v20) software using correlation, regression, and descriptive analysis. Variables of Utility, Ease of use, Performance of individuals, Societal influence, Trust and security, Risks, and Financial and technological literacy have been taken as the factors that influence the adoption of Fintech. It can be concluded these factors affecting Fintech use, significantly influence the financial behaviour that in turn highly influences the overall Fintech adoption and satisfaction. The study suggests that the factors influence each financial behavioural aspect at different levels. Thus, the Fintech adoption has brought changes in the way through which individuals behave towards their financial planning and goals.
Wijziging van de zedenwetgeving in België en Nederland: een positieve ontwikkeling?
Authors: Dierx Janny , van Hoek Anneke , Kool Renée
Published: April 2024

Adaptation of the sexual criminal law in Belgium and The Netherlands: a positive development? An interview with Liesbet Stevens and Zarah Boufadiss

In the Netherlands the sexual criminal law is recently significantly adapted and these changes will come into force in July 2024. In Belgium this modernization of the sexual criminal law already happened in 2022. To exchange experiences and opinions on these (upcoming) legal changes an interview was organized with a Dutch and Flemish expert: Dutch lawyer Zarah Boufadiss and Flemish professor in sexual criminal law Liesbet Stevens. Part of the conversation was dedicated to exchanging views on the role of Restorative Justice in such cases.

Before reporting on this conversation, a description was provided of the legal state of the art in both countries regarding the sexual criminal law.

The obligation of the initiator of sex to make sure there is consent has become key in the new sexual criminal law in both countries. This means that lack of (clear) communication and not verifying whether there is consent can establish a sexual crime. The legal responsibilities are increased in this respect which is welcomed by some but disputed by others.
Claire McFarlane op weg naar mondiaal herstel na seksueel geweld
Authors: Verijdt Sanne , Wolthuis Annemieke , Graansma Sonja
Published: April 2024

Claire McFarlane on the road to global recovery after sexual violence

Report of an inspirational meeting in which Claire McFarlane tells her personal story about how she became a victim of sexual violence, how she once again felt victimized by the French (legal) system and how she travels all over the world with ‘Footsteps To Inspire’. With Footsteps To Inspire she has set herself the goal to run 16 km (along the beach) in every country of the world to share her story, to inspire hope and one day peacefully end sexual violence. Finally this report ends with a personal reflection of Sonja Graansma, also a victim of sexual violence, on the Dutch (legal) system.
Sustainable livestock farming practices in Punjab, Pakistan: Insights from demographic analysis and disease prevalence
Authors: Rana Hafiz Amjad Ali , Iftikhar Muhammad , Nasar Muhammad Fahim
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the socio-economic landscape and disease prevalence among livestock farmers in Punjab, Pakistan, focusing on Muzaffargarh and Rahim Yar Khan districts. A sample of 400 farmers was randomly selected using a multistage sampling technique. The demographic analysis reveals a predominantly middle-aged and older farming population, with small to medium landholdings. Specifically, 43.3% of farmers were categorized as old (>50 years), while 65.0% were small-scale landholders (less than 12.5 acres). Regarding disease recognition, foot and mouth disease and hemorrhagic septicemia emerged as the most recognized diseases, with mean scores of 3.30 and 3.22 respectively, on a scale of 1 to 5. Additionally, ticks were identified as the primary external parasite affecting livestock, with a mean score of 3.19. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions to address disease management and improve farming practices in the region. Strengthening veterinary services, promoting disease prevention measures, and enhancing access to quality fodder are crucial steps toward ensuring sustainable livestock farming in Punjab, Pakistan.
Chemical and nutritional management of powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca fuliginea on pumpkin vines
Authors: Rasheed Rabia , Ali Subhan , Rafiq Umair , Maryam Uswa , Ijaz Sara
Published: April 2024

Pumpkin is a popular vegetable crop in Pakistan and India which is grown in rainy season. Numerous biotic and abiotic factors have an impact on this crop. Sphaerotheaca fuliginea is one of the biotic agents that poses a major risk to the crop, leading to significant losses in both quantity and quality. Applying nutritional supplements to strengthen resistance against pumpkin powdery mildew infection is an economical and ecologically sustainable approach to managing the disease. Three treatments including 1% potassium monophosphate, 1% potassium silicate, and their combination (1:1) given in the field have been tested in order to control the disease. The spraying procedure used before the inoculation revealed that the disease was infected. A maximum 49% decrease in disease was achieved in the control group when potassium silicate and mono potassium phosphate were combined. The distinctive effects of 1% potassium silicate and 1% potassium phosphate mono shown, for comparison control, a 43% and 39% lower incidence of disease, respectively. In the field, tests were conducted to determine the efficacy of three fungicide combinations: Bravo (chlorothainal), score (Difenaconzole), and Bravo + score. The standard concentration of each combination was tested against S. fuliginea. The disease control was reduced by 61% when the two fungicides were combined (Bravo+ score). Compared to the control, the partition effect score and Bravo produced a 56% and 54% reduction in disease, respectively. By choosing an appropriate formulation and application technique of nutritional supplements can be effectively used in inhibiting the growth of S. fuliginea.
Hydrocortisone, Vitamin C, and Thiamine for the Treatment of Sepsis Associated with Acute Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections: The NASTI-HAT Case Series
Authors:   University of Kansas School of Medicine, Gilmour Morgan , Presnell Erica N. ,   Ascension Via Christi Hospitals, Fischer Sarah ,   Ascension Via Christi Hospitals, Reyes Jared ,   University of Kansas School of Medicine, Resch Thomas ,   University of Kansas School of Medicine
Published: April 2024

Abstract Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) are surgical emergencies often presenting with concomitant sepsis. The use of intravenous hydrocortisone, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and thiamine (HAT) has been proposed as beneficial in treating sepsis. To our knowledge, no study has focused exclusively on its use in NSTIs. This study aimed to evaluate use of HAT among patients with NSTIs and included patients from a single Midwestern regional burn center. Patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock secondary to an NSTI were randomized and received either intravenous HAT or placebo. The primary outcome was hospital survival. Secondary outcomes included vasopressor therapy duration, renal replacement therapy need, intensive care unit length of stay, serum procalcitonin and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) change in the first 72 h, number of wound-related surgeries, and wound classification at hospital discharge. While our study started as a randomized controlled trial, due to low enrollment it was transitioned to a case series. Of the 10 patients enrolled, half received HAT therapy. No significant difference was found between the treatment and placebo groups. Future larger, multicenter studies may help better elucidate the role of intravenous HAT therapy in patients with NSTIs.
Horizonte CEE: la aproximación del sector primario español al comunitario, 1977-1992
Authors: Molina García Sergio
Published: April 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo iniciar la reflexión sobre el impacto de la integración española en la CEE en el sector primario. El análisis de este ángulo ciego de la historiografía actual permitirá ofrecer nuevas visiones sobre el cambio de las políticas públicas españolas y comunitarias, las transformaciones de la administración, el poder de España en Bruselas y también conocer la relación entre integración europea y los diferentes niveles de política de un país, todo ello en relación con su agricultura y su pesca.
Facilitators and barriers to adolescent participation in a TB clinical trial
Authors: Mangan J.M. , Hedges K.N.C. , Salerno M.M. , Tatum K. , Bouwkamp B. , Frick M.W. , McKenna L. , Muzanyi G. , Engle M. , Coetzee J. , Yvetot J. , Elskamp M. , Lamunu D. , Tizora M.E. Theunissen , Namutamba D. , Chaisson R.E. , Swindells S. , Nahid P. , Dorman S.E. , Kurbatova E.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
The inclusion of adolescents in TB drug trials is essential for the development of safe, child-friendly regimens for the prevention and treatment of TB. TB Trials Consortium Study 31/AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5349 (S31/A5349)
enrolled adolescents as young as 12 years old. We assessed investigator and coordinator described facilitators and barriers to adolescent recruitment, enrollment, and retention.

METHODS
Interviews were conducted with six investigators
from sites that enrolled adolescent participants and six investigators from non-enrolling sites. Additionally, two focus groups were conducted with study coordinators from enrolling sites and two focus groups with non-enrolling sites. Discussions were transcribed, analyzed, summarized, and
summaries were reviewed by Community Research Advisors Group members and research group representatives for content validity.

RESULTS
Investigators and coordinators attributed the successful enrollment of adolescents to the establishment
and cultivation of external partnerships, flexibility to accommodate adolescents’ schedules, staff engagement, recruitment from multiple locations, dedicated recruitment staff working onsite to access potential participants, creation of youth-friendly environments, and effective communications.
Non-enrolling sites were mainly hindered by regulations. Suggestions for improvement in future trials focused on study planning and site preparations.

CONCLUSION
Proactive partnerships and collaboration with institutions serving
adolescents helped identify and reduce barriers to their inclusion in this trial.
Governança corporativa em Portugal: evidência nas empresas com valores cotados na Bolsa de Valores portuguesa
Authors: Louro André , Antunes Marta , Gonçalves Miguel , Rito Sónia
Published: April 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para o aumento do conhecimento acerca dos modelos de governação societária (Corporate Governance) adotados pelas empresas cotadas na Euronext Lisbon, a saber, o modelo latino, o modelo anglo-saxónico e o modelo germânico. Estes três modelos de Corporate Governance estão grosso modo elencados no n.º 1 do artigo 278.º do Código das Sociedades Comerciais. A exposição examina literatura sobre o Corporate Governance, apresenta diversas definições de Corporate Governance e, como se escreveu, identifica quais os modelos de governação utilizados pelas empresas cotadas na bolsa de valores Euronext Lisbon, aprofundando em particular, neste tema, a análise de três grupos de empresas do setor da comunicação social, mormente o grupo Cofina, o grupo Media Capital e o grupo Impresa.
Análise da crise hídrica e dos recursos hídricos: um mapeamento no site de uma revista semanal (2010-2016)
Authors: Watanabe Melissa , Oliveira Lilian Rodrigues de , Olsson Igor Martello , Fabris Thiago Rocha
Published: April 2024

Este estudo investiga a representação dos recursos hídricos e da crise hídrica em uma revista semanal de informação durante o período de 2010 a julho de 2016. Reconhecendo a água como um recurso essencial para suprir necessidades humanas básicas e para servir como matéria-prima na produção de diversos bens, a pesquisa visa compreender como tais questões são abordadas na mídia. Utilizando uma abordagem metodológica exploratória e descritiva, foram analisados artigos disponíveis gratuitamente online no site da Revista Veja® por meio de métodos bibliográficos e documentais. Os resultados indicam uma maior incidência de reportagens sobre a temática da crise hídrica durante períodos de escassez pronunciada de água. Além disso, observou-se que, nesses momentos de crise, há uma tendência de se destacar questões políticas em detrimento de assuntos mais abrangentes, como governança, racionalidade no uso dos recursos e políticas públicas direcionadas à mitigação de problemas futuros. Essa análise revela a importância de uma abordagem mais ampla e contínua na divulgação de informações sobre recursos hídricos, visando não apenas momentos de crise, mas também uma compreensão mais profunda e abrangente das questões relacionadas à água e sua gestão.
Participação dos associados nas assembleias: um estudo de caso no sicredi região centro
Authors: Horn Vilma de Almeida Atarão , Santos Maríndia Brachak dos , Ferreira Gabriel Murad Velloso , Machado Vagner Naysinger , Bento Marcia Helena dos Santos
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo investigar os meios utilizados para viabilizar a efetiva participação dos associados em assembleias. Para tanto, o estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, tendo como base o estudo de caso. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da pesquisa documental e entrevista semiestruturada com os gestores de uma cooperativa de crédito. A análise dos dados utilizou-se de análise documental e análise descritiva. Os resultados indicam que, a cooperativa utiliza-se do formato presencial e online para que os associados tenham acesso às assembleias. No entanto, destaca-se que a baixa participação dos associados pode ser fruto da falta de conhecimento acerca da cooperativa. Por outro lado, tem-se que o uso das tecnologias torna-se um importante aliado afim de buscar um maior engajamento e participação dos associados.