bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Politics of societas and the Early Modern State
Authors: Tessarolo Gio Maria
Published: October 2024

This article contributes to a recent shift in the study of early modern political thought, moving away from a state-centric view of the period towards an interest in the political significance of a range of other communities. More specifically, I argue that debates about the scope of one key concept, that of societas, resulted in different visions of the relationships between a variety of human associations. To demonstrate this, I reconstruct Johannes Althusius’s theory of societas and compare it to those of several contemporaries, ranging from Renaissance Ciceronianism to Jean Bodin and Hugo Grotius. I show that Althusius provided an innovative juridical interpretation of societas, which he used to ground a conception of politics according to which all human associations, from the family to the corporation to the state, are political. This complements traditional theological interpretations of his thought, which alone cannot fully account for its distinctiveness. Althusius’s conception of politics enabled him to chart an original middle way between two options available at the time: on the one hand, the isolation of politics from social and religious life; on the other, its subordination to or full identification with other kinds of community.
Raising a mucosal flap vs. tympanomeatal flap to repair subtotal perforations
Authors: Shen Yajian , Lou Zhengcai
Published: October 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to compare the graft success rate, hearing outcomes, operation time and complications between myringoplasty with raising of a mucosal flap (RMF) and raising of a tympanomeatal flap (RTF) for the repair of subtotal perforations.

Methods

Subtotal perforations were recruited and randomly allocated to either the RMF group or the RTF group. The graft success rate, hearing outcomes and complications were evaluated at 6 months post-operatively.

Results

The mean operation time was 31.4 ± 2.8 minutes (range: 26–47) in the RMF group and 57.6 ± 0.9 minutes in the RTF group (p < 0.01). The graft success rate was 96.0 per cent in the RMF group and 88.9 per cent in the RTF group (p = 0.659).

Conclusion

Endoscopic myringoplasty with the RMF achieved similar graft success and hearing gain compared to the tympanomeatal flap technique for repairing subtotal perforations, but with significantly shorter operation time and minimal temporary hypogeusia.
Molecular characterization and analysis of the drug resistance-associated protein phosphoglycerate kinase of Eimeria tenella
Authors: Yu Yu , Huang Wenhao , Zhao Qiping , Zhu Shunhai , Dong Hui , Han Hongyu
Published: October 2024

Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease caused by Eimeria spp., and the emergence of drug resistance has seriously affected the control of the disease. Using RNA-seq, we previously found that phosphoglycerate kinase of Eimeria tenella (EtPGK) was differentially downregulated in diclazuril-resistant (DZR) and maduramicin-resistant (MRR) strains compared with drug-sensitive (DS) strain. In this study, we further analysed the characteristics and functions of EtPGK to find the possible mechanism of drug resistance of E. tenella. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot found that EtPGK was highly expressed in sporulated oocysts, followed by sporozoites and second-generation merozoites of E. tenella. Indirect immunofluorescence localization showed that EtPGK was located mainly in the cytoplasm and on the surface of the parasites. Invasion inhibition assays showed that anti-rEtPGK antibody significantly inhibited the invasion of parasites. Further studies using qRT-PCR and western blot found that the transcription and translation levels of EtPGK were downregulated in both resistant (DZR and MRR) strains compared with the DS strain, and the transcription level correlated negatively with the drug concentration. The enzyme activity assay revealed that EtPGK enzyme activity was decreased in the DZR strain compared with the DS strain. qRT-PCR revealed that the mRNA transcription level of EtPGK was significantly downregulated in the field DZR strain and salinomycin-resistant strain compared with the DS strain. These results suggested that EtPGK has other important roles that are separate and distinct from its function in glycolysis, and it might be involved in the development of drug resistance of E. tenella.
Beyond translingual playfulness: Translingual precarity
Authors: Dovchin Sender
Published: October 2024

Translingual knowledge allows sociolinguists to appreciate more ‘playful’ negotiation and the assemblages of linguistic, cultural, and semiotic resources for meaning-making. Yet, this very idea of ‘translingual playfulness’ should never lose sight of the subversive purpose of this apparent playfulness: to destabilise norms and boundaries. The reason behind all of this translingual playfulness is precisely the ‘precarious’ positions of the creators of the playful. In this article, I urge sociolinguists to think more carefully about how translingual playfulness may connect to precarity and argue that it is important not to construe playfulness and precarity as dichotomous or even as opposite ends of a spectrum but rather to view them as symbiotically (re)constituting each other. The idea of ‘precarity’, thereby, deserves much more attention than the representation of ‘playfulness’; that is, explicit/implicit translingual precarity needs to be revealed in translingual scholarship. (Translingualism, playfulness, precarity)*
State of Reciprocity: The “Looping Effect” in the Circular Production of Colonial Knowledge, Social Customs, and Tax Policy in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Indonesia
Authors: Manse Maarten
Published: October 2024

This article traces Hacking's “looping effect” in colonial policies and practices of taxation, coerced labour, and governance in Indonesia. It argues that knowledge production for the purpose of taxation was a two-way, interactive process which was in particular influenced by complexes of local indigenous social organization, institutions, mentalities, and behaviour as expressed through adat (Indonesian systems of political-social norms and customary law). Such patterns and systems, the article reveals, were internalized into and started working reciprocally with colonial policy, knowledge production, and administrative practices. Taxation made up and changed people, but underlying strategies to categorize and “make known” subjects were also recognized and actively used, evaded, or influenced by these subjects and by local intermediaries. Consequently, colonial knowledge created an institutional framework that reoriented the self-perception of these subjects and intermediaries, which then changed and reconditioned popular responses to the colonial state. Systems of colonial knowledge were thus modified to eventually fit the realities they were supposed to describe, influence, and legitimize, creating a looping effect between colonial, “made up,” and actual social realities.
Replication research in L2 collaborative writing: Replications of Fernández Dobao (2012) and Bikowski and Vithanage (2016)
Authors: Kessler Matt
Published: October 2024

Over the past two decades in the applied linguistics subfield of second language (L2) writing, there has been considerable interest in the topic of collaborative writing (CW). Studies in this domain have investigated different phenomena such as the nature of learner-to-learner interactions, the learning outcomes of CW, and students' perceptions of these activities when implemented in the classroom. Despite the large number of studies that have been published to date, replication research has been scarce. As such, the current article opens by making a case for replication work in the area of L2 CW, arguing why such research is both important and necessary. Following this, the article turns to a discussion of two key CW studies that have been highly influential in the L2 writing sphere. These studies are described in detail, and suggestions are provided as to how and why these studies might be replicated in the future.
Vision-based target localization and online error correction for high-precision robotic drilling
Authors: Maghami Ali , Khoshdarregi Matt
Published: October 2024

This article presents a detailed examination of circular target localization techniques for measuring robot pose and performing online pose correction. The investigated target localization methods include centroiding, ellipse fitting with point data and gradient information, and ellipse fitting methods with augmented and corrected input data. The performance of each method is evaluated in terms of accuracy and precision of measurements through experimental comparison with a laser tracker. This study provides technical and practical insights for selecting an appropriate target localization method in robotic applications. It also introduces a vision-based solution for robot relative error correction, comprising the calibration procedure and a closed-loop control with a proportional–integral-derivative controller for pose correction. Results show enhanced accuracy in robot positioning relative to workpiece, highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed solution in robotic drilling applications.
Totalism, Animals, and the Repugnant Conclusion
Authors: O'Brien Gary David
Published: October 2024

Totalism states that one population is better than another iff it has higher total welfare. One counterintuitive consequence is the Repugnant Conclusion (RC). Totalism also entails that a very large population of animals with lives barely worth living is better than a smaller population of happier humans. Furthermore, the strategies that have been used to avoid the troubling normative implications of the RC do not work in the animal case, so we may have reason to bring about such a population. I introduce the notion of ‘Efficiency of Welfare Production’ – that animals of different species vary in the efficiency with which they convert resources into welfare. If we want to maximize total welfare, without any speciesist bias, we should identify which species is most efficient and try to maximize the population of that species. This has counterintuitive implications whether we accept hedonism or a more sophisticated theory of welfare.
Developmental mechanisms linking deprivation and threat to psychopathology and school outcomes
Authors: Murgueitio Nicolas , Sheridan Margaret A. , Bauer Daniel J. , Propper Cathi B.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Decades of evidence have elucidated associations between early adversity and risk for negative outcomes. However, traditional conceptualizations of the biologic embedding of adversity ignore neuroscientific principles which emphasize developmental plasticity. Dimensional models suggest that separate dimensions of experiences shape behavioral development differentially. We hypothesized that deprivation would be associated with higher psychopathology and lower academic achievement through executive function and effortful control, while threat would do so through observed, and parent reported emotional reactivity.

Methods:

In this longitudinal study of 206 mother–child dyads, we test these theories across the first 7 years of life. Threat was measured by the presence of domestic violence, and deprivation by the lack of cognitive stimulation within the parent–child interaction. We used path analyses to test associations between deprivation and threat with psychopathology and school outcomes through cognition and emotional reactivity.

Results:

We show that children who experienced more deprivation showed poor academic achievement through difficulties with executive function, while children who experienced more threat had higher levels of psychopathology through increased emotional reactivity.

Conclusion:

These observations are consistent with work in adolescence and reflect how unique adverse experiences have differential effects on children’s behavior and subsequently long-term outcomes.
Tele-neuropsychology in memory clinic settings: Reliability and usability of videoconference-based neuropsychological testing
Authors: Butterbrod Elke , van den Heuvel Dominique M.J. , Zevenhoven Pia , Waterink Lisa , van Leeuwenstijn Mardou , Jutten Roos J. , van der Flier Wiesje M. , Sikkes Sietske A.M.
Published: October 2024

Objective:

Neuropsychological assessment through VideoTeleConferencing (VTC) can help improve access to diagnostic and follow-up care in memory clinics. This study investigated the stability of performance on VTC assessment in relation to in-person assessment using a test-retest design and explored user experiences of VTC assessment.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-one patients (62 ± 6.7 years, 45% female, 58% Subjective Cognitive Decline, 42% Mild Cognitive Impairment/dementia diagnosis) were included from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort between August 2020 and February 2021. Patients underwent a face-to-face neuropsychological assessment followed by a VTC assessment using the same test protocol within 4 months. Reliability coefficients were calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). For each test, the proportion of clinically relevant differences in performances between assessment modalities was calculated. User experiences of patients and neuropsychologists were assessed with questionnaires (User Satisfaction and Ease of use [USE] questionnaire and System Usability Scale [SUS]). Neuropsychologists also participated in a focus group.

Results:

ICC values were moderate to excellent (0.63-0.93) for all test measures in the total sample. On all tests, most patients did not show clinically relevant performance differences between modalities. Patients and neuropsychologists reported overall positive VTC system usability, although neuropsychologists indicated in the focus group that patients without cognitive impairment required less training for the system and were more independent.

Conclusion:

VTC assessment showed adequate to excellent test-retest reliability for a broad range of neuropsychological tests commonly used in practice. Assessment through VTC may be a user friendly method in the memory clinic, especially to monitor individuals at risk for future cognitive decline.
Technical aspects of the new BYCROSSTM atherectomy device	– preliminary results after 28 patients
Authors: Liebetrau Dominik , Teßarek Jörg , Elger Florian , Peters Viktoria , Scheurig-Münkler Christian , Hyhlik-Dürr Alexander
Published: October 2024

Summary: Purpose: Technical aspects are crucial for the planning and performing of the atherectomy to treat peripheral arterial disease. This report illustrates the use of a novel atherectomy device and investigates the feasibility, efficacy, and safety procedures involved in performing the atherectomy on 28 patients. Materials and methods: We performed a prospective analysis of patients who underwent an atherectomy with the BYCROSSTM Atherectomy device between August 2022 and September 2023 at a tertiary referral centre. Patients with a lesion below the aortic bifurcation (vessel diameter ≥ 3mm) having a de novo or restenotic (stent-included) present were recruited. Major adverse events (MAE) are defined as amputation, death, myocardial infarction, or angiographic distal embolization that require a separate intervention. Results: Of the 28 patients treated with the BYCROSS device, 23 were men with a mean age of 65.6 ± 9,6 years and a mean BMI of 24,6 ± 3.9 kg/m2. Most patients had a typical atherogenic risk profile as well as multiple preexisting comorbidities. In all patients, a symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) was the main reason for an intervention. The most common Rutherford category was 5 (12/28). The most common lesion region was the femoropopliteal segment (25/28) with 23 de novo stenosis. Mean lesion length was 218,0 ± 93,7 mm. The mean PACCS Score was 3,0 ± 1,0. Stenosis grade was by mean 99,3 ± 3,7%. Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) increased significantly after BYCROSS atherectomy (pre- 0,44 ± 0,43 vs. post-procedure 0,84 ± 0,30 P<0,001. Target lesion/vessel revascularization (TLR/TVR) within the first 30 days was 3,6% (1/28). 30-day MAE rate was 14,3% (vessel perforation in 3/28 patients, embolism in 1/28). There were no deaths, index limb amputations, or myocardial infarctions. Conclusion: The BYCROSSTM atherectomy system is a new device with numerous advantages in treating high-grade, calcifying stenosis and occlusion processes in PAD. Based on the above findings, the BYCROSSTM Atherectomy device represents a feasible, safe, and effective method for endovascular treatment of peripheral arterial disease.
The Role of Acantharia in Southern Ocean Strontium Cycling and Carbon Export: Insights From Dissolved Strontium Concentrations and Seasonal Flux Patterns
Authors: Sun Yaojia , Wynn‐Edwards Cathryn A. , Trull Thomas W. , Ellwood Michael J.
Published: October 2024

Dissolved strontium (Sr) concentrations from Southern Ocean water samples and Sr export fluxes from sediment trap moorings at 1,000 m were used to assess particulate organic carbon (POC) export associated with Acantharia for 2010, 2018, and 2020. The dissolved Sr data revealed a prominent vertical gradient with lower surface Sr concentrations depleted up to 1.5% relative to deep waters. A strong latitudinal surface gradient was observed, ranging from 86.8 μmol kg−1 near the northern end to 88.0 μmol kg−1 near the southern end of a transect through the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean. The vertical and latitudinal gradients are associated with celestite (SrSO4) precipitation by Acantharia and subsequent export to depth. Seasonal variability in Sr export fluxes can be large, particularly during intense events in summer, and reaches a maximum of 11.7 mmol Sr m−2 yr−1, contributing up to 7% of the POC export flux. The coincidence of Sr flux with the second peak of POC export flux implies an association of Acantharia biomass with summertime productivity.
Sediment Source Partitioning and Budgeting Over Historical Timescales in a Glacierized, Mountain Catchment
Authors: Turley Mike , Hassan Marwan A. , Zimmermann Andre , Lian Olav
Published: October 2024

Managing and living with geohazards is especially challenging in mountain landscapes and requires an understanding of catchment‐scale sediment dynamics and internal system functioning. While sediment budgeting is a valuable framework, challenges remain including partitioning sediment yield by source and grain size and addressing scale issues. This study advances our understanding of bed material dynamics in glacierized mountain catchments by applying a range of complementary techniques to measure sediment transfers in the Fitzsimmons Creek watershed. First, we measured the historical bed material yield using field surveys and historical air photo analysis, revealing an average specific sediment yield of 210 Mg km−2 yr−1, that varied by a factor of 17 over the 76‐year record. Hydro‐meteorological and historical analyses suggest that gravel extraction had the largest impact over the past three decades, while an extreme landslide and flood event produced the highest recorded sediment yield. Second, we constructed a detailed sediment budget along the river system using high‐resolution, multi‐temporal lidar and geomorphic mapping data. Sediment source partitioning indicates that landslide, active channel, and floodplain sources each contributed about one‐third of the total sediment supply. Net degradation occurred along the valley bottom upstream of the fan‐delta, resulting in steadily increasing downstream sediment yield. This trend is punctuated by chronic landsliding near the outlet, driven by postglacial incision through glaciogenic sediments at a hanging valley step. Contemporary glacial and proglacial sources were not measured directly but surprisingly contributed minimally. These findings provide insight into the sediment dynamics of glacierized mountain catchments and their potential controls.
Development, Research, and Implementation of the Psychosocial Group Intervention Op Koers: Lessons Learned
Authors: Joosten Mala M. H. , van Gorp Marloes , Maurice-Stam Heleen , Douma Miriam , Scholten Linde , Grootenhuis Martha A.
Published: October 2024

Objective: This article aims to share the lessons we have learned during 25 years of development, research, and implementation related to a psychosocial group intervention for children with chronic illness and their families called Op Koers (“On Track” in English). Method: Using the National Institutes of Health Stage Model for Behavioral Intervention Development and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, we critically appraise the different stages of our activities. Over the years, we used basic research to create and modify intervention modules for different populations. Op Koers was pilot-tested several times, and larger efficacy studies revealed that it was effective in improving coping skills and emotional functioning. It has become a part of usual care at the authors’ institutions and has been disseminated throughout the Netherlands. Results: We derived important lessons regarding the intervention’s characteristics, the inner and outer settings, individual characteristics, the implementation processes, and related research. Future efforts may be directed toward continuous improvement of the intervention and its successful lasting implementation. Conclusions: Op Koers is one of the few psychosocial interventions that has been both extensively studied and implemented. The main factor in this achievement is the close collaboration between, and the perseverance of, clinical care and research departments.
Curbing household food waste and associated climate change impacts in an ageing society
Authors: Shigetomi Yosuke , Ishigami Asuka , Long Yin , Chapman Andrew
Published: October 2024

We explored the intricate quantitative structure of household food waste and their corresponding life cycle greenhouse gas emissions from raw materials to retail utilizing a combination of household- and food-related economic statistics and life cycle assessment in Japan. Given Japan’s status as a nation heavily impacted by an aging population, this study estimates these indicators for the six age brackets of Japanese households, showing that per capita food waste increases as the age of the household head increases (from 16.6 for the 20’s and younger group to 46.0 kg/year for 70’s and older in 2015) primarily attributed to the propensity of older households purchase of more fruits and vegetables. Further, the largest life cycle greenhouse gases related to food waste was 90.1 kg-CO2eq/year for those in their 60’s while the smallest was 39.2 kg-CO2eq/year for 20’s and younger. Furthermore, food waste and associated emissions are expected to decline due to future demographic changes imparted by an aging, shrinking population after 2020 until 2040. Specific measures focused on demographic shifts are crucial for Japan and other countries with similar dietary patterns and demographics to achieve related sustainable development goals through suppressing food waste and associated emissions under new dietary regimes.
Calorie restriction increases insulin sensitivity to promote beta cell homeostasis and longevity in mice
Authors: dos Santos Cristiane , Cambraia Amanda , Shrestha Shristi , Cutler Melanie , Cottam Matthew , Perkins Guy , Lev-Ram Varda , Roy Birbickram , Acree Christopher , Kim Keun-Young , Deerinck Thomas , Dean Danielle , Cartailler Jean Philippe , MacDonald Patrick E. , Hetzer Martin , Ellisman Mark , Arrojo e Drigo Rafael
Published: October 2024

Caloric restriction (CR) can extend the organism life- and health-span by improving glucose homeostasis. How CR affects the structure-function of pancreatic beta cells remains unknown. We used single nucleus transcriptomics to show that CR increases the expression of genes for beta cell identity, protein processing, and organelle homeostasis. Gene regulatory network analysis reveal that CR activates transcription factors important for beta cell identity and homeostasis, while imaging metabolomics demonstrates that beta cells upon CR are more energetically competent. In fact, high-resolution microscopy show that CR reduces beta cell mitophagy to increase mitochondria mass and the potential for ATP generation. However, CR beta cells have impaired adaptive proliferation in response to high fat diet feeding. Finally, we show that long-term CR delays the onset of beta cell aging hallmarks and promotes cell longevity by reducing beta cell turnover. Therefore, CR could be a feasible approach to preserve compromised beta cell structure-function during aging and diabetes.
A compound-target pairs dataset: differences between drugs, clinical candidates and other bioactive compounds
Authors: Heinzke A. Lina , Zdrazil Barbara , Leeson Paul D. , Young Robert J. , Pahl Axel , Waldmann Herbert , Leach Andrew R.
Published: October 2024

Providing a better understanding of what makes a compound a successful drug candidate is crucial for reducing the high attrition rates in drug discovery. Analyses of the differences between active compounds, clinical candidates and drugs require high-quality datasets. However, most datasets of drug discovery programs are not openly available. This work introduces a dataset of compound-target pairs extracted from the open-source bioactivity database ChEMBL (release 32). Compound-target pairs in the dataset either have at least one measured activity or are part of the manually curated set of known interactions in ChEMBL. Known interactions between drugs or clinical candidates and targets are specifically annotated to facilitate analyses of differences between drugs, clinical candidates, and other active compounds. In total, the dataset comprises 614,594 compound-target pairs, 5,109 (3,932) of which are known interactions between drugs (clinical candidates) and targets. The extraction is performed in an automated manner and fully reproducible. We are providing not only the datasets but also the code to rerun the analyses with other ChEMBL releases.
Lake Superior evaporation: A long-term eddy covariance dataset at Stannard Rock Lighthouse (2008–2022)
Authors: Nicholls Erin M. , Spence Christopher , Hedstrom Newell , Lenters John D. , Blanken Peter D.
Published: October 2024

Robust, accurate, and direct measurements of evaporation and related energy fluxes on the Laurentian Great Lakes are necessary to understand the large historical range in water levels, regional climatology, lake hydrodynamics, and lake-effect snowfall, all of which inform water management. Despite the societal and scientific importance of this information, few long-term, full-year, in situ measurements exist due to logistical, financial, and safety-related challenges. We present 15 years (2008–2022) of eddy covariance data from Stannard Rock, a historic lighthouse on Lake Superior located 38 km southeast of Manitou Island and 72 km north of Marquette, Michigan. We provide information about the site and instrumentation, as well as data availability and processing. Analysis of this unique long-term dataset, available through the AmeriFlux network (US-GL1), will improve our ability to understand the drivers and patterns of large-lake surface energy fluxes and will advance predictions of evaporative regimes over Lake Superior.
High expression of CNOT6L contributes to the negative development of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zhang Yuna , Liu Guihong , Ding Haiyan , Fan Bingge
Published: October 2024

Objective: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by reduced responsiveness of body cells to insulin, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. CNOT6L is involved in glucose metabolism, insulin secretion regulation, pancreatic beta-cell proliferation, and apoptosis. These functions may be closely related to the pathogenesis of T2D. However, the exact molecular mechanisms linking CNOT6L to T2D remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the role of CNOT6L in T2D. Methods: The T2D datasets GSE163980 and GSE26168 profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibusdatabase generated by GPL20115 and GPL6883.The R package limma was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed. Construction and analysis of the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, functional enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, and comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD) analysis were performed. Target Scan was used to screen miRNAs that regulate central DEGs. The results were verified by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting (WB), and blood glucose measurements in mice. Results: A total of 1951 DEGs were identified. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the insulin signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, and PPAR signaling pathway. Metascape analysis indicated enrichment primarily in the cAMP signaling pathway and enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathway. WGCNA analysis yielded 50 intersecting genes. PPI network construction and algorithm identification identified two core genes (CNOT6L and GRIN2B), among which CNOT6L gene was associated with multiple miRNAs. CTD analysis revealed associations of core genes with type 2 diabetes, diabetic complications, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and inflammation. WB and RT-qPCR results showed that in different pathways, CNOT6L protein and mRNA levels were upregulated in type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: CNOT6L is highly expressed in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and can cause diabetes complications, inflammation and other physiological processes by regulating miRNA, PPAR and other related signaling pathways, with poor prognosis. CNOT6L can be used as a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes.
Sustainable production of CO2-derived materials
Authors: Ramirez-Corredores Maria Magdalena
Published: October 2024

The current CO2 emissions scale (Gton) magnitude is 5–6 orders greater than that of utilization (Mton). CO2 utilization should focus on its massive consumption, application of sustainable technologies, low-C energy sources and long-lasting products. CO2 conversion into materials might fulfill these requirements while using C-neutral resources and circularization to avoid waste generation will contribute to achieve sustainability. This article revises reported RD&T on production of CO2-derived materials and circularization approaches.
Breast cancer secretes anti-ferroptotic MUFAs and depends on selenoprotein synthesis for metastasis
Authors: Ackermann Tobias , Shokry Engy , Deshmukh Ruhi , Anand Jayanthi , Galbraith Laura C A , Mitchell Louise , Rodriguez-Blanco Giovanny , Villar Victor H , Sterken Britt Amber , Nixon Colin , Zanivan Sara , Blyth Karen , Sumpton David , Tardito Saverio
Published: October 2024

The limited availability of therapeutic options for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) contributes to the high rate of metastatic recurrence and poor prognosis. Ferroptosis is a type of cell death caused by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and counteracted by the antioxidant activity of the selenoprotein GPX4. Here, we show that TNBC cells secrete an anti-ferroptotic factor in the extracellular environment when cultured at high cell densities but are primed to ferroptosis when forming colonies at low density. We found that secretion of the anti-ferroptotic factors, identified as monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) containing lipids, and the vulnerability to ferroptosis of single cells depends on the low expression of stearyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) that is proportional to cell density. Finally, we show that the inhibition of Sec-tRNAsec biosynthesis, an essential step for selenoprotein production, causes ferroptosis and impairs the lung seeding of circulating TNBC cells that are no longer protected by the MUFA-rich environment of the primary tumour.
Panoramic radiographic patterns of the infraorbital canal and anterior superior dental plexus
Authors: Scarfe W C , Langlais R P , Ohba T , Kawamata A , Maselle I
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE

To describe and classify the presentations of the infra-orbital canal/groove (IOC/G) complex and anterior superior dental plexus (ASDP) on panoramic radiographs.

METHODS

The frequency of occurrence and variations in appearance of the IOC/G were determined on 246 random panoramic radiographs. A classification system consisting of Types I, II and III was developed to describe the radiographic patterns of the IOC/G.

RESULTS

Two hundred radiographs (81.3%) demonstrated evidence of the IOG/C. The most frequent appearance of the IOC was Type III (44.75%) closely followed by Type I (42%) and Type II (13.25%), with only minor differences in prevalence between right and left sides. Sixty one percent were bilateral. Radiologic evidence of the ASDP was noted in 29% of radiographs demonstrating an IOG/C with 12% of cases being bilateral. Three distinct radiographic patterns of the anterior superior dental plexus (ASDP) were also observed.

CONCLUSION

A classification of the appearance of the IOC/G and ASDP on panoramic radiographs has been presented.
Measurement of the volume of oral tumors by three-dimensional spiral computed tomography
Authors: Cavalcanti M G , Vannier M W
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE

To determine the precision and accuracy of in vitro measurements of the volume of oral tumors with three-dimensional (3D) spiral computed tomography (CT) and their precision in vivo.

METHODS

Two simulated tumors made of modelling compound mixed with contrast medium were positioned medial to the mandibles of five cadaver heads and examined with subsecond spiral CT. Two observers delineated the simulated tumors twice in axial, coronal and sagittal views and then measured the volume from multiplanar reconstructed images. The software tools automatically displayed the simulated tumors in 3D-reconstructed images with the volumetric measurements. The simulated tumors were removed and their volume measured by water displacement. The volume of 15 oral tumors associated with the mandible were measured in vivo with the same imaging methods and the precision analysed.

RESULTS

There were no statistically significant differences between or within observers or between imaging and physical measurements in vitro, nor between inter- and intra-observer measurements in vivo (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Volumetric measurements from 3D-reconstructed CT are reliable and accurate in vitro and reliable in vivo. The method is potentially useful for the management of oral neoplasms.
Third Wave for Peptide Synthesis: Liquid-phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS)
Authors: Sharma A. , Kumar A. , de la Torre B. G. , Albericio F.
Published: October 2024

Liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS) is considered as the third wave for peptide synthesis, and combines the advantages of classical solution peptide synthesis (CSPS) and solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). In LPPS, the peptide is loaded on a soluble support and elongation is carried out in solution, thereby rendering characteristic properties. LPPS protocols align well with the 12 principles of green chemistry, which allows the large-scale production of peptides and reduces the use of excess reagents and solvents. In this chapter, tags associated with LPPS for industrial-scale peptide synthesis are discussed under the following categories: membrane-enhanced peptide synthesis (MEPS), group-assisted purification (GAP), PolyCarbon, silicon-based tags, and miscellaneous.
Recombinant and Semisynthesis of Peptides
Authors: Fonte P. , Malcangi A. , Stucchi M. , Oppedisano A.
Published: October 2024

In the 1970s, recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) methods for cloning and expressing genes in microorganisms were developed and allowed the creation of various recombinant proteins with medicinal uses. The first therapeutically useful protein product resulting from recombinant DNA technology was human insulin obtained by Genentech. Its successful production in bacteria provided a practical, scalable source of human insulin and paved the way to the production of recombinant human hormones and their therapeutic use. rDNA technology and chemical synthesis are two possible manufacturing processes covering different areas of need. The rDNA approach is advantageous when peptides with longer sequences are produced, because yield and product purity do not depend on the peptide chain length. Biotechnology offers the possibility of large-scale peptide production at affordable cost using bacteria or yeasts as expression systems. There is no universal expression platform that is optimal for all therapeutic peptides and strong efforts have to be made to define it. An initial investment in research and development is mandatory to meet the target, but it is then rewarded by easy scale-up to the manufacturing plant. In terms of sustainability, biotechnology has a clear ecological advantage over classical industrial processes. Fermentation is a water-based process that uses waste from primary agriculture products as substrates and consumption of solvents in the purification step is relatively low. High cell density cultures are a preferred strategy to optimize recombinant protein volumetric productivity, which is a key parameter of bioprocess cost-effectiveness and sustainability.
Sustainable Approaches in Solid-phase Oligonucleotide Synthesis: Current Status and Future Directions
Authors: Sanghvi Y. S. , Ferrazzano L. , Cabri W. , Tolomelli A.
Published: October 2024

Our ability to automate the assembly of synthetic oligonucleotides has transformed the drug discovery landscape in an unprecedented manner. Undoubtedly, the fast speed, wide range of scalability, and high quality of oligonucleotides have been the key drivers of phenomenal growth over the years. This progress is self-evident from more than 20 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and over 150 ongoing clinical trials with oligonucleotide-based molecules. It is anticipated that several high-volume products will reach the market in this decade. Although there is clear evidence of advances in the automated synthesis of these products, the implementation of sustainable processes has been slow. This chapter summarizes the status of technologies that have been put into practice to reduce the undesirable environmental impact while improving overall sustainability. An update on emerging process improvements is also presented that may have a profound impact on reducing the process mass intensity (PMI), leading to greener manufacturing protocols for oligonucleotides.
A comprehensive review on hydrogen production, storage, and applications
Authors: Gunathilake Chamila , Soliman Ibrahim , Panthi Dhruba , Tandler Peter , Fatani Omar , Ghulamullah Noman Alias , Marasinghe Dinesh , Farhath Mohamed , Madhujith Terrence , Conrad Kirt , Du Yanhai , Jaroniec Mietek
Published: October 2024

There is a need for zero or low-carbon fuels that can produce electricity, power vehicles, and support industry. This review presents production, storage, and applications of hydrogen with emphasis on decarbonization and transportation.
A gold nanomaterial-integrated distance-based analytical device for uric acid quantification in human urine samples
Authors: Leelasattarathkul Tapparath , Trakoolwilaiwan Thithawat , Khachornsakkul Kawin
Published: October 2024

A simple and low-cost distance-based paper analytical device (dPAD) was combined with gold nanomaterials for uric acid quantification.
Aqueous based ultra-small magnetic Cr-doped CdSe quantum dots as a potential dual imaging probe in biomedicine
Authors: Bandaru Shamili , George Nilja , Sharma Bhargy , Palanivel Mathangi , Mukherjee Arunima , Wu Wen-Ya , Ghosh Krishna Kanta , Ball Writoban Basu , Gulyas Balazs , Padmanabhan Parasuraman , Ghosh Siddhartha , Chakrabortty Sabyasachi
Published: October 2024

Water-soluble Cr-doped CdSe was synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method with controlled optical and magnetic properties in a nanoscale regime as a dual-imaging probe, namely fluorescent imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
PVDF nanocomposites with aligned boron nitride nanosheets and dispersed BaTiO3@PEG nanoparticles by a superspreading strategy towards high energy density
Authors: Hou Dajun , Zhou Jingjing , Chen Wen , Zhou Jing , Zhang Pengchao
Published: October 2024

The limited improvement in discharge energy density (Ue) of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposites filled with low-dielectric-constant (εr) nanosheets has been addressed by using a superspreading layering strategy.
Self-breathing strategy-enabled high-performance self-powered photoelectrochemical sensing by integrating with a perovskite Ag3BiO3/Ti3C2 plasmonic heterojunction
Authors: Du Xiaojiao , Ji Xingyu , Du Wenhan , Jiang Ding
Published: October 2024

An innovative photocatalytic fuel cell-based self-powered photoelectrochemical platform was developed by integrating the nonmetallic surface plasmon resonance effect with a self-breathing strategy.
The effect of hydrogen bonding on the π depletion and the π–π stacking interaction
Authors: Ahmed Usman , Sundholm Dage , Johansson Mikael P.
Published: October 2024

Calculations on molecules with self-complementary hydrogen bonding show that hydrogen bonds increase the energy of π–π stacking interactions.
Participation of transition metal atoms in noncovalent bonds
Authors: Scheiner Steve
Published: October 2024

All metals of the d-block are capable of forming σ and π-hole bonds to a nucleophile. Some of these bonds are typical of noncovalent bonds, but others are strong enough to be characterized as a covalent coordinate bond.
Global softening to manipulate sound velocity for reliable high-performance MgAgSb thermoelectrics
Authors: Li Airan , Wang Longquan , Li Jiankang , Mori Takao
Published: October 2024

A global softening strategy using stearic acid in MgAgSb to reduce sound velocity has been shown to enhance its thermoelectric performance, achieving high zT values and demonstrating strong potential for low-grade heat harvesting.
Nanozymes as a tool to boost agricultural production: from preparation to application
Authors: Huang Kan , Hu Chengxiao , Tan Qiling , Wu Songwei , Shabala Sergey , Yu Min , Sun Xuecheng
Published: October 2024

Nanozymes, as an emerging class of biomimetic enzymes, not only inherit the unique properties of nanomaterials but also endow them with catalytic functions that are similar to biological enzymes.
Allergenicity evaluation of an extensively hydrolyzed infant formula based on cow milk protein
Authors: Li Hongbo , Yang Lin , Li Jiayi , Gao Quan , Liu Tiantian , Zou Yang , Chen Xiaohong , Li Hongjuan , Yu Jinghua
Published: October 2024

We developed an extensively hydrolyzed infant formula (EHF) with a protein composition similar to breast milk (whey protein-to-casein ratio of 6 : 4) and evaluated its sensitization in vitro and in vivo.
Summer–autumn tea promotes adipocyte browning and thermogenesis in association with gut microbiota regulation in high-fat diet-fed mice
Authors: Yang Chengcheng , Liu Luyao , Du Yao , Zhao Lu , Liu Lu , Yang Xingbin , Zhao Yan
Published: October 2024

This study revealed for the first time the anti-obesity effect of summer–autumn tea aqueous extract (SATE) and its underlying mechanism.
Green dipolar aprotic solvents for the dynamic polycondensation of high-performance polyimide membranes
Authors: San José E. , de la Viuda M. R. , Carmona F. J. , Soto C. , Palacio L. , Prádanos P. , Hernández A. , Tena A.
Published: October 2024

Guidelines for the evaluation of green solvents were revisited and integrated into a decision diagram. GVL, Cyrene™, DMC, NOP, DEC, DMI, GBL, NBP, Rhodiasolv® PolarClean, and DMSO showed the potential to substitute hazardous polar aprotic solvents.
Eco-friendly repurposing of by-pass waste for optics and radiation protection: addressing hazardous material challenges
Authors: Zakaly Hesham M. H. , Hashim H. , Issa Shams A. M. , Darwish Moustafa A. , Obiedallah Fatma M. , Koubisy M. S. I. , Saudi H. A.
Published: October 2024

This study delves into the investigation of the optical and gamma radiation shielding properties of glasses formulated with varying concentrations of by-pass (cement dust) combined with Na2O, Fe2O3, Bi2O3, and P2O5.
Role of intermolecular charge transfer towards fluorometric detection of fluoride ions with anthrapyrazolone derivatives
Authors: Sivakumar Gomathi , Babu Anashwara , Das Anubhab , Anandhan Mageshwari , Nutalapati Venkatramaiah , Maji Samarendra
Published: October 2024

Anion detection using small molecules as chemosensors holds significant importance in the biological and environmental fields, offering several advantages over conventional methods.
A cost-effective strategy to design and fabricate absorption dominant flexible multilayer laminates by rationally tailoring their layers
Authors: Khade Vaishnavi , Thirumalasetty Avanish Babu , Choukiker Yogesh Kumar , Wuppulluri Madhuri
Published: October 2024

Tailored multilayer structures for optimal EMI protection.
Advances in antibacterial agents for Mycobacterium fortuitum
Authors: Roberto Tavolari Jortieke Carlos , Rocha Joaquim Angélica , Fumagalli Fernando
Published: October 2024

This review presents the recent findings on antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium fortuitum and reveals the most promising and effective chemical frameworks to inspire the development of new drugs.
Miniaturized click chemistry and direct screening facilitate the discovery of triazole piperazine SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors with improved metabolic stability
Authors: Gao Shenghua , Song Letian , Ye Bing , Yang Mianling , Li Junyi , Gu Manyu , Tollefson Ann E. , Toth Karoly , Zhan Peng , Liu Xinyong
Published: October 2024

The continuous mutational nature of SARS-CoV-2 and its inter-species' similarities emphasize the urgent need to design and develop more direct-acting antiviral agents against highly infectious variants.
Engineering light-driven micromotors with fluorescent dye coatings for easy detection and tracking
Authors: Debata Srikanta , Panda Suvendu Kumar , Singh Dhruv Pratap
Published: October 2024

The internal structure of multiple dyes tagged micromotor, each chosen for its unique fluorescence response. These responses enable precise monitoring of the micromotor's dynamics and allow differentiation in optically crowded medium.
Unravelling the different pathways of cyclohexene oxidation via a peroxyl radical generated from tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) by various metal salts
Authors: Zhou Lu-Jian , Liu Xiao-Hui , Zhang Han-Wen , Xue Can , Zhong Han-Kang , Zhou Xian-Tai
Published: October 2024

Two different mechanisms were obtained in the selective oxidation of cyclohexene catalyzed by CuCl2 and VCl3 respectively in presence of TBHP. The two opposed mechanisms are mainly caused by the roles of the t-BuOO˙ radical in catalytic oxidations.
Cycloalkane-rich sustainable aviation fuel production via hydrotreating lignocellulosic biomass-derived catalytic fast pyrolysis oils
Authors: Chen Xiaolin , Orton Kellene A. , Mukarakate Calvin , Gaston Katherine , Fioroni Gina M. , McCormick Robert L. , Griffin Michael B. , Iisa Kristiina
Published: October 2024

CFP oils produced in two different CFP facilities were converted to cycloalkane-rich sustainable aviation fuel via a non-isothermal hydrotreating process.
A flexible silk film based on synergy of hydrogen bonds and a cross-linking network for magnetic sensitive skin
Authors: Zhang Cuiling , Zhang Qi , Li Xinran , Zhan Wang , Han Yongliang , Zhang Zeying , Su Wei , Xue Li , Zhang Wei , Zhou Ke , Pan Shaoming , Peng Niancai , Ye Zhilu , Peng Bin , Zhang Xiaohui
Published: October 2024

Flexible silk-based anisotropic magnetoresistance skin is developed and used for monitoring human joint motions.
Narrow emission band ultraviolet/deep-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters modified with carbazole/carboline as a donor
Authors: Jin Pengcheng , Yang Xilin , Su Wen-Tao , Zhan Shu-Hang , Chen Xiliang , Sun Huaming , Yang Ben , Su Shi-Jian , Hu Jian-Yong
Published: October 2024

Four high-efficiency ultraviolet/deep-blue narrow TADF emitters based on carbazole or carboline donor derivatives and their applications in ultraviolet/deep-blue OLEDs are demonstrated.