bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Poverty Reduction Program into Papuan Women Economy Behavior in District of Kemtuk Gresi, Jayapura Regency (Case Study)
Authors: De Quelyoe Flora Yvonne , Ratang Sarlota , Wakarmamu Christine Marina
Published: March 2020

Based on The Intenasional Summit which had launced the 8th important issues on Millenium Development Goals (MDGs), is very usefull to improve the communitylife. The quality of womenâ€™s life has been one of basic aspects to build sustainable development of a nation (Khofifah, 1998). Sustainable development can take place if the entire communities (men and women) being optimally involved in whole development program with using efficient and effective principles. The quality of life is largerly determined by formal and non formal education, both poor degree of health and nutrition, buruknya derajat kesehatan dan gizi, and also the presence of accessbility to development resources. Those factors mentioned above are mutual supporting and can not be separated from one another. Although, development activity in Papua Province is growing up, the society is still livingin the cycles of poverty, especially for women in District of Kemtuk Gresy, Jayapura Regency, Province of Papua. The aims of the study are : 1) to know the impact of Poverty Reduction Program (into the changing of economy behavior of Papuan Women in Kemtuk Gresi, Jayapura Regency, Papua Province; 2) to explore how Poverty Reduction Program influenced the generating income of Papuan Women. The methods of data collection are in-depth interview to 150 respondents, and 5 key informants (Community, Traditional, Religion, Women, and Youth Leaders), and observation as well. In order to find the answer, is using descriptive qualitative. The result of the first research question indicated that in terms of Changing of economic behavior: 34 percent of Papuan Women in Kemtuk Gresi are changing their economic behavior, mainly their production and marketing strategy; whereas 66 percent of respondents are still in traditional way for production and marketing. The second result is 38 percent of respondentâ€™s income is increasing, and 44 percent respondents are remains static or even volatile, finally, 18 percent respondents are going out from economic activities, because of missing capital of business. Starting from the result, we can give some recommendations: 1) changing economic behavior should be started from young people, so all parties should participate intensively to push young women entrepreneur to engage in business activity; 2) the government should involve traditional leaders to support women entrepreneurs by providing a piece of land or other forms of capital.
Collaborative Provision of Graduate Education in CLMV: Case of Thailandâ€™s Private Universities
Authors: Sujarittanonta Lavanchawee , Nithisathian Kittichok , Walsh John C.
Published: March 2020

Education entails investments in time and money from the students and, therefore, the choices of degree programs and university names are critical for students and their future careers. The demand for foreign education in the CLMV (i.e. Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Vietnam) market is fast expanding, especially for international graduate programs. Equipped with foreign degrees, the human resources of the host CLMV countries are ready for international jobs with international standards. This situation attracts investments by foreign universities to enter CLMV countries to offer degree programs, such as MBA, MPA and PhD. While Western universities are internationally recognized, the success of Asian universities operating within CLMV has not been studied. Consequently, this paper reports on research examining the success of Thai private universities that operate in CLMV countries, in particular Mynmar, which has only recently opened up to the world, as well as the developing prospects for Vietnam. Lao PDR and Cambodia. Data is collected through in-depth interviews of managers and students of international partner institutions of the host countries, through which Thai universities offer graduate degree programs. It is found that private Thai degree programs are welcomed in CLMV countries, while Thai degrees are favored over international Western degrees in terms of economic affordability and preferred over Chinese degree programs due to the socio-cultural perception that Chinese products are doubtful in quality. This is not surprising, considering that a 2014 study by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) reported that among middle-income countries of Asia, Thailand and Malaysia lead the region when it comes to providing graduate education.
Effect of Dimensions of Service Quality Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty of Islamic Bank in the Perspective of Islam in Palopo
Authors: Anwar Suhardi M. , - Goso
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to analyze the quality of service using five dimensions that is tangible empathy, Reliability, Responsiveness, and Assurance. Where the first tangible dimension using attribute consists of the location, appearance of staff, office facilities are up-to-date, the cleanliness of the office, and exterior offices. The second dimension empathy that use attributes greet customers by name, an apology for the error service, understand customer needs, personal attention, and operational time. The dimensions of the third namely reliability that use service attributes as promised, timeliness of services, verification requests, and sincerity helped. The fourth dimension is the responsiveness attributes staff's willingness to help, the notification time of service, speed of service, readiness to serve. Then dimension the latter is the dimension of assurance that use attributes confidence in the ability of staff, courtesy staff, security transactions, and staff in still customer confidence. This research tested using SEM analysis, quality of service significant positive effect directly on customer satisfaction, means the better quality of service perceived by the customer, the higher the satisfaction of using services provided by the Islamic Bank in Palopo. Conversely, if the lower the quality of the service perceived by the customer, diminishing also their satisfaction to use the service provided by the Islamic Bank in the City of Palopo . Thus it can be conclusion that states that the quality of service in the perspective of Islam have a significant effect on customer satisfaction Islamic Bank in Palopo acceptable.
Early Childhood Antibiotic Treatment for Otitis Media and Other Respiratory Tract Infections Is Associated With Risk of Type 1 Diabetes: A Nationwide Register-Based Study With Sibling Analysis
Authors: Wernroth Mona-Lisa , Fall Katja , Svennblad Bodil , Ludvigsson Jonas F. , Sjölander Arvid , Almqvist Catarina , Fall Tove
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

The effect of early-life antibiotic treatment on the risk of type 1 diabetes is debated. This study assessed this question, applying a register-based design in children up to age 10 years including a large sibling-control analysis.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

All singleton children (n = 797,318) born in Sweden between 1 July 2005 and 30 September 2013 were included and monitored to 31 December 2014. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for parental and perinatal characteristics, were applied, and stratified models were used to account for unmeasured confounders shared by siblings.

RESULTS

Type 1 diabetes developed in 1,297 children during the follow-up (median 4.0 years [range 0–8.3]). Prescribed antibiotics in the 1st year of life (23.8%) were associated with an increased risk of type 1 diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.19 [95% CI 1.05–1.36]), with larger effect estimates among children delivered by cesarean section (P for interaction = 0.016). The association was driven by exposure to antibiotics primarily used for acute otitis media and respiratory tract infections. Further, we found an association of antibiotic prescriptions in pregnancy (22.5%) with type 1 diabetes (adjusted HR 1.15 [95% CI 1.00–1.32]). In general, sibling analysis supported these results, albeit often with statistically nonsignificant associations.

CONCLUSIONS

Dispensed prescription of antibiotics, mainly for acute otitis media and respiratory tract infections, in the 1st year of life is associated with an increased risk of type 1 diabetes before age 10 years, most prominently in children delivered by cesarean section.
Tutkijanarvioinnin hyvät käytännöt. Vastuullisen tutkijanarvioinnin kansallinen suositus
Authors: Vastuullisen tutkijanarvioinnin työryhmä
Published: March 2020

Tämä on suositus vastuulliseen tutkijanarviointiin. Suositus on laadittu yksittäisen tutkijanarvioinnin näkökulmasta. Samoja periaatteita on syytä noudattaa myös arvioitaessa tutkimusorganisaatioita, tutkimusyksiköitä ja tutkimusta jossain laajemmassa yhteydessä. Suositusta suositellaan käytettäväksi rinnan Tutkimuseettisen neuvottelukunnan ansioluettelomallin kanssa.
Consumers Loyalty Indicator as a Drivers for Satisfaction
Authors: Massoudi Aram Hanna
Published: March 2020

This study focuses on understanding the leading indicators of loyalty among food and nourishments shoppers in two Syrian Malls, Cham City Centre and Massa Plaza, both located in Damascus, the capital of Syria. The research uses descriptive approach; the data were collected from a questionnaire distributed to 110 shoppers in the two shopping malls, 100 valid responses divided (50 answers from Cham City Centre, and 50 from Massa Plaza Mall). The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science to test the hypothesis. The result showed that shopper attitudes toward the store positively related to his fulfilment and loyalty. Also, shoppers call to the store is an indicator of his satisfaction and commitment towards the store. Finally, perceived value is positively related to the four loyalty indicators. The novelty of this article comes from the analysis of the four loyalty indicators as an essential factor for the sustainable customer. Loyal customers are free marketing tools that keep business running and can increase market share.
EVALUATION OF YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND QUALITATIVE TRAITS OF CORN AFFECTED BY CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN FERTILIZERS
Authors: Kordi Sajad , Ghanbari Fardin
Published: March 2020

In order to evaluate the yield, yield components and some physiological and qualitative traits of corn treated with nitrogen fertilizers (biological, chemical and integrated), a field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of Khorramabad during 2016 growing season. Treatments were arranged in a complete randomized block design with four replications. Experimental treatments consisted of 100% chemical fertilizer (urea), bio-fertilizer (nitroxin), integration of bio-fertilizer + 25% chemical fertilizer, integration of bio-fertilizer + 50% chemical fertilizer, integration of bio-fertilizer + 75% chemical fertilizer and the control. Results showed that the effect of different treatments of fertilizers on all measured traits, except for number of rows in each ear and carotenoids, was significant. The results indicated that integration of bio-fertilizer + 75% chemical fertilizer affected the highest grain yield (9.31 t ha–1), dry biological yield (20.96 t ha–1), number of kernels in each row (41.67), plant height (201.02 cm), hectoliter weight (0.82 g cm–3), chlorophyll b (0.43 mg g–1 FW), total chlorophyll (1.1 mg g–1 FW) and leaf area index (LAI) (4) and there was no significant difference among this treatment and 100% chemical fertilizer (N) and integration of bio-fertilizer + 50% chemical fertilizer treatments in all measured traits. The greatest harvest index (45.8) and grain protein-content (9.1%) resulted from the integration of biofertilizer+ 50% chemical fertilizer treatment. Also the highest 1000-grains weight (281.13 g) and chlorophyll a (0.66 mg g–1 FW) were caused by 100% chemical fertilizer (urea) treatments. Results showed that integration of bio-fertilizer + chemical fertilizer could be considered as a means to reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture.
INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN DOSE AND HARVESTING DATE ON THE YIELD AND BIOLOGICAL VALUE OF RAW GARDEN SAVORY (Satureja hortensis L.) OF SATURN CV.
Authors: Skubij Natalia , Dzida Katarzyna
Published: March 2020

Garden savory (Satureja hortensis L.) is an aromatic spice plant commonly used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Biological value of this plant is influenced by biotic and abiotic conditions, which include fertilization and date of harvesting. The research was aimed at determining the effect of differentiated nitrogen fertilization (nitrogen doses 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 g·m–2) and different harvesting time (initial flowering and full flowering phase) on yield of fresh plant weight, yield of essential oils, dry matter, protein,  L-ascorbic acid contents in the raw material of garden savory of Saturn cv. The highest yield of fresh mass and essential oil was recorded in the herb harvested in the initial flowering phase after applying the highest doses of nitrogen. The obtained results allow to conclude that the greatest influence on the content of  L-ascorbic acid in the herb had a dose of 4 g N∙m–2 in both examined dates. The highest amount of protein and dry matter was found in savory raw material after applying the highest dose of nitrogen in the full flowering phase.
EFFECTS OF PREHARVEST DEFICIT IRRIGATION TREATMENTS IN COMBINATION WITH REDUCED NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON ORCHARD PERFORMANCE OF NECTARINE WITH EMPHASIS ON POSTHARVEST DISEASES AND PRUNING WEIGHTS
Authors: Atay Ersin , Hucbourg Bruno , Drevet Aurore , Lauri Pierre-Éric
Published: March 2020

Fruit production should be adapted to future scenarios that are frequently associated with scarce resources, especially freshwater and fertilizers. New biologically-based fruit production strategies, i.e. taking into account tree growth and water status, are required to optimize irrigation and fertilization under abiotic stress conditions. It was hypothesized that a moderate abiotic stress, here deficit irrigation with or without nitrogen deficit, in the preharvest period, could decrease postharvest losses due to diseases and pruning weights due to reduced vegetative growth, without sacrificing the yield and fruit quality. This study was conducted over two years using the same trees of ‘Moncante’ nectarine cultivar grown in a commercial orchard. Trees were assigned to three treatments: (1) full irrigation at 80% estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc), (2) deficit irrigation, i.e. at 75% of full irrigation, and (3) deficit irrigation and deficit nitrogen, i.e. at 75% of full irrigation and 75% of usual N-fertilization adopted by the grower in this commercial orchard. Deficit irrigation alone and in combination with deficit nitrogen reduced postharvest diseases and pruning weights without significant yield losses. Our results suggest that ETc-based approaches of reduced water irrigation may be a sustainable way to decrease phytosanitary inputs and workload in the orchard while maintaining the orchard performance.
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LEMON BALM (Melissa officinalis L.) VARIETIES TO SEPTORIA LEAF SPOT (Septoria melissae Desm.) IN HUNGARY
Authors: Kovács Gergő , Zámbori-Németh Éva , Nagy Géza
Published: March 2020

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is a widely cultivated plant in Europe. Septoria melissae Desm. is the most important pathogen of lemon balm crops, which may cause serious yield loss by the severe leaf fall. As chemical control of the pathogen is restricted, alternative plant protection methods, like the use of tolerant varieties, should be taken under consideration. The goal of our work was to evaluate the susceptibility of three lemon balm varieties to Septoria leaf spot in field. The trials were carried out in 2016 and 2017 in Budapest-Soroksár, Hungary. Dynamics of infection showed characteristic sharp increase from the beginning of August in both years. The lowest infection levels were observed in cultivar ‘Lemona’. The disease incidence in the middle of August was 19% in the first year and 59% in the second year, while these values were over 40% and 70% in the other cultivars ‘Soroksári’ and ‘Quedlinburger Niederliegende’, respectively. The manifestation of symptomps was also significantly lighter on the ‘Lemona’ plants and they had the highest ratio of healthy leaves (81%) compared to the other cultivars. According to the data, weather conditions might modify the range of the differences among the cultivars. It was concluded that appropriate selection of varieties could be an effective and enviromental friendly plant protection method in the practice of lemon balm cultivation.
EVALUATION OF LATE PLUM CULTIVARS IN THE REGION OF BELGRADE (SERBIA)
Authors: Milatović Dragan , Đurović Dejan , Zec Gordan , Radović Aleksandar , Boškov Đorđe
Published: March 2020

Phenological traits, yield, and fruit characteristics of 14 plum cultivars of late maturation period were stud-ied in the region of Belgrade in the five-year period (2013–2017). The control cultivar for comparison was ‘Stanley’. The average time of flowering was in the first half of April, and of fruit maturation in the second half of August and the beginning of September. Yield per tree was lowest in the cultivar ‘Pozna Plava’ (10.2 kg) and highest in the cultivar ‘Topking’ (23.6 kg). Compared to the control, significantly lower yield was achieved in three cultivars: ‘Pozna Plava’, ‘Vengerka Pozdnyaya’, and ‘Narach’. Fruit weight ranged from 26.1 g in the cultivar ‘Elena’ to 57.0 g in the cultivar ‘Empress’. Compared to the control, it was sig-nificantly higher in three cultivars (‘Empress’, ‘Vengerka Pozdnyaya’, and ‘Tophit’). All studied cultivars had high soluble solids content, ranging from 17.1% to 21.6%. The best rated cultivar for fruit appearance was ‘Empress’, while cultivars ‘Nada’ and ‘Pozna Plava’ were best scored for taste.
Kurdish- Arabic Text in Computer with Non-Standards, Challenges and Recommendations
Authors: Salih Sardar O.
Published: March 2020

This paper determines challenges when using Kurdish-Arabic script (Kurdish and Arabic characters) with computer. Any written script in computer passes in three steps, started from input characters (creating characters), store created characters (encoding) and displaying characters on screen or printing on printer. In Kurdish-Arabic written system (Central Kurdistan) challenges occur on these three steps, as a result, there is not standard (compatible issue) for Kurdish-Arabic script, such as keyboard layout (position of characters and ordered on board) (input issue), encoding for storing script and fonts to displaying Kurdish-Arabic script when using Arabic based keyboard. This research tries to find issues with cases while using this script and proposed recommendations which help to reduce these challenges.
A Study of Treatment of Lizard Phobia Using Visible and Invisible Marker-based AR Application
Authors: Nayef Zakiya A. , Ahmad Hawar B.
Published: March 2020

Augmented reality refers to the combination of computer-generated objects with real world environment. This technology is empowered by the evolution of hardware and software in the past decade. Virtual objects are placed through device screens in a user’s environment relying on the device camera and capability of graphics hardware. This advancement opens a wide horizon for application development in the field of entertainment, education, medical, etc.

One of the main advantages of augmented reality (AR) is in the treatment of various phobias though exposure treatment. A phobia is characterized by irrational fear or reaction to a normal situation. Thus, gradually exposing patients to their phobias helps in reducing their uncontrolled reaction and aids in reducing their fear of their respective phobia. Herpetophobia is the extreme fear from aversion reptiles such as lizards. The lizard phobia is a common form of phobia amongst people.

In this article, an application of lizard phobia exposure treatment is proposed to help patients. The proposed application relies on marker-based AR. This is implemented using Visible marker AR system (VMARS) and Invisible marker AR system (IMARS), comparing the results of both systems to a group a subject to identify the best approach for Herpetophobia treatment.
Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Hamil Trimester III Dengan Berat Bayi Lahir di Kota Pariaman
Authors: Setiawan Anggi , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty , Izzah Amirah Zatil
Published: March 2020

AbstrakPendahuluan: Kadar hemoglobin merupakan indikator biokimia untuk mengetahui status gizi ibu hamil. World Health Organization (WHO) merekomendasikan kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil ideal adalah ≥ 11 gr/dl dan tidak dibawah 10,5 gr/dl pada trimester II kehamilan. Tinggi rendahnya kadar hemoglobin selama kehamilan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap berat bayi lahir karena dapat mengakibatkan gangguan pertumbuhan janin di dalam kandungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil trimester III dengan berat bayi lahir di kota Pariaman. Metode penelitian: design penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study. Penelitian dilakukan di kota Pariaman dengan menggunakan data ibu melahirkan bulan Januari-Juni 2011 dan pengambilan sampel dengan cara consecutive sampling serta data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Pearson dimana p < 0,05. Hasil penelitian: ditemukan rata-rata kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil trimester III adalah 11,16 (SD 0,82) gr/dl dan ditemukan ibu hamil yang mengalami anemia sebesar 31,25%. Rata-rata berat bayi lahir pada penelitian adalah 3.103 (SD 405) gram dan ditemukan bayi yang mempunyai berat lahir rendah sebesar 3,1%. Kesimpulan: penelitian ini tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil trimester III dengan berat bayi lahir di kota Pariaman (p > 0,05)Kata kunci: Kadar hemoglobin, berat bayi lahir, ibu hamilAbstractIntroduction : Hemoglobin level is biochemical indicator to determine the nutrition status of pregnant women. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that ideal level of hemoglobin for pregnant women is ≥ 11 g/dl and not below 10,5 g/dl on the second trimester of pregnancy. Increasing and decreasing of hemoglobin levels during pregnancy influences birth weight because it can cause intrauterine growth disruption. This research is purposed to identify the relation between pregnant woment hemoglobin level on the third trimester of pregnancy and birth weight in Pariaman city. Methods : This research uses analytic research which is using cross sectional design. This research is held on Pariaman city and used pregnant woment data taken from January until June 2011. The results: Research found that an average of pregnant woment hemoglobin level on the third trimester pregnancy is 11,16 (SD 0,82) g/dl and the percentage of pregnant women with anemia (Hb < 11 gr/dl) is 31,25%. The average of birth weight is 3.103 (SD 405) grams and 3,1% of total infant have low birth weight. The results of bivariate analysis by using Pearson correlation test is not found the relation between pregnant woment hemoglobin level on the third trimester of pregnancy and birth weight p = 0,856 (p > 0,05).Conclusion: The future research had better has more number of samples and other factors which affect birth weight can be eliminated.Keywords:Hemoglobin level, birth weight, pregnant woment
Penatalaksanaan Sinus Preaurikuler Tipe Varian Dengan Pit pada Heliks Desenden Postero-Inferior
Authors: Munilson Jacky , Huryati Effy , Pulungan M. Rusli
Published: March 2020

AbstrakSinus preaurikuler merupakan kelainan kongenital berupa adanya lubang kecil pada telinga luar yangbiasanya terdapat di anterior dari heliks asendens. Disamping lokasi tersebut, sinus preaurikuler juga dapatditemukan posterior dari liang telinga luar yang dikenal sebagai sinus preaurikuler tipe varian. Sinus preaurikulertipe varian merupakan kasus yang jarang dilaporkan. Kebanyakan kasus tidak menunjukkan gejala, sebagianlainnya mengalami masalah infeksi berupa keluarnya cairan, atau terbentuknya abses. Penatalaksanaan sinuspreaurikuler adalah dengan pengangkatan sinus secara lengkap. Kekambuhan merupakan masalah yang dapattimbul jika tidak diangkat secara lengkap.Dilaporkan satu kasus sinus preaurikuler tipe varian dengan pitberada pada heliksdesendens postero-inferior dekatlobulus pada seorang anak laki-laki umur 3 tahun 6 bulan dan ditatalaksana dengan sinektomi.Kata kunci: Sinus preaurikuler, sinus preaurikuler tipe varian, sinektomi.AbstractPreauricular sinusis a congenital malformation that manifests as pit in the extenal ear, usually located in theanterior limb of ascending helix. In additional to these location, preauricular sinus can also be found in the posterior ofthe external ear canal, known as the preauricular sinus with variant type. Preauricular sinus variant type is a rarelyreported. Almost cases are asymptomatic, but others are infectious with discharge or abscess formation. Themanagement of preauricular sinus is excision sinus completely. Recurrence is the problem that happen if the excisionwas not complete.One case of preauricular sinus variant type with pit on the postero-inferior decending helixnearlobulus in a boy 3 years and 6 months old and managed bysinectomy.Keywords: Preauricular sinus, Preauricular sinus variant type, sinectom
Hubungan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dengan Angka Kejadian Diare Akut pada Bayi Usia 0-1 Tahun di Puskesmas Kuranji Kota Padang
Authors: Rahmadhani Eka Putri , Lubis Gustina , Edison Edison
Published: March 2020

AbstrakPemberian ASI eksklusif merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mencapai tumbuh kembang optimal dan terlindungi dari penyakit seperti diare. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan angka kejadian diare akut pada bayi usia 0-1 tahun di Puskesmas Kuranji Kota Padang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah bayi usia 0-1 tahun yang berkunjung ke posyandu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kuranji Kota Padang dengan menggunakan simple random sampling. Jumlah bayi dengan kelompok usia 0-5 bulan 29 hari sebanyak 69 orang (51,1%) dan usia 6-12 bulan sebanyak 66 orang (48,9%). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bayi usia 0-5 bulan 29 hari yang masih mendapat ASI saja sebanyak 41 bayi (30,4%) dan yang sudah mendapat campuran lain selain ASI sebanyak 28 bayi (20,7%). Jumlah bayi usia 6-12 bulan dengan ASI eksklusif sebanyak 34 bayi (25,2%) dan 32 bayi lainnya (23,7%) non ASI eksklusif. Sebanyak 57 bayi (42,2%) pernah diare dan 78 bayi lainnya (57,8%) tidak pernah. Analisis chi square mendapatkan p=0,001 dan hasil ini signifikan (p<0,5). Pemberian ASI eksklusif selama 6 bulan harus ditingkatkan karena mempunyai hubungan dengan angka kejadian diare akut.Kata kunci: Bayi, ASI Exclusif, diareAbstractExclusive breastfeeding is an effort to achieve optimal growth and development and can be protected from diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of exclusive breastfeeding with the incidence of acute diarrhea in infants aged 0-1 years in the Kuranji Public Health Center Padang. This study conducted a cross sectional observational study. The sample was a baby aged 0-1 years who visited posyandu in the Kuranji Public Health Center working area using simple random sampling. The result showed 41 infants (30.4%) aged 0-5 months 29 days which is still breastfed only and other than breast milk were 28 infants (20.7%). Number of 6-12 months infants are exclusively breastfed as many as 34 babies (25.2%) while the other 32 babies (23.7%) were not exclusively breastfed. A total of 57 infants (42.2%) had suffered from diarrhea and the other 78 infants (57.8%) had never. Chi square analysis got p = 0.001 and the results are significant (p <0.5). Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months should be improved because it has relation with diarrhea.Keywords:Baby, Exclusive breastfeeding, diarrhea
Hubungan antara Proteinuria dan Hipoalbuminemia pada Anak dengan Sindrom Nefrotik yang Dirawat di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode 2009-2012
Authors: Pramana Pratiwi Dian , Mayetti Mayetti , Kadri Husnil
Published: March 2020

AbstrakSindrom nefrotik terdiri dari proteinuria massif, hipoalbuminemia, edema, serta dapat disertai hiperkolesterolemia. Proteinuria merupakan gejala utama pada sindrom nefrotik, sedangkan gejala klinis lainnya dianggap sebagai manifestasi sekunder. Kehilangan protein melalui urin menyebabkan terjadinya hipoalbuminemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi hubungan antara proteinuria dan hipoalbuminemia pada anak dengan sindrom nefrotik. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi retrospektif dengan desain Cross Sectional. Data sekunder diambil dari rekam medik pasien yang didiagnosis sebagai Sindrom Nefrotik Anak di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil Padang Periode Januari 2009 - April 2012. Penelitian berlangsung dari Oktober 2011- Desember 2012. Hasil penelitian menunjukan insiden tertinggi sindrom nefrotik pada kelompok umur >6 tahun terutama pada anak laki-laki dengan rasio 1,43:1. Sebagian besar pasien memiliki kadar protein urin semikuantitatif +3 dengan rata-rata kadar protein urin kuantitatif 3,121 ± 2,157 gr/24 jam. Hampir seluruh pasien mengalami hipoalbuminemia (98,2%). Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara proteinuria dan hipoalbuminemia (p > 0.05). Hal ini mungkin disebabkan oleh jumlah subjek yang kurang, sehingga penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan berlangsung lebih lama agar didapatkan jumlah subjek yang lebih besar.Kata kunci: Anak dengan sindrom nefrotik, Proteinuria, HipoalbuminemiaAbstractNephrotic syndrome consist of massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and may be accompanied by hypercholesterolemia. Proteinuria is a major symptom of nephrotic syndrome, while the other clinical symptoms considered secondary manifestations. Loss of protein in the urine leads to hypoalbuminemia. This study aims to identify the relationship between proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia in children with Nephrotic Syndrome. Method of this research performed a retrospective study with cross sectional design. Secondary data were taken from medical record of patients that were diagnosed as Nephrotic Syndrome Children in General Hospital Dr. M. Djamil Padang period January 2009 - April 2012. The study was held on October 2011 - December 2012. The result of this study showed that the highest incidence of Nephrotic Syndrome in the age group >6 years old especially in male with the ratio 1,43:1. Most of patients have levels of semiquantitative urinary protein +3 with average levels of quantitative urinary protein 3.121 ± 2.157 gr/24 hours. Almost all of the patients had hypoalbuminemia (98.2%). Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia (p> 0.05). This may be due to the less number of subjects, so further research is expected to last much longer in order to have a larger number of subjects.Keywords:Nephrotic syndrome children, Proteinuria, Hypoalbuminemia
Peran Dokter sebagai Saksi Ahli Di Persidangan
Authors: Susanti Rika
Published: March 2020

AbstrakPemanfaatan ilmu kedokteran forensik dalam penegakan hukum serta keadilan membutuhkan dokter sebagai saksi ahli medis di persidangan. Saksi ahli pada dasarnya adalah seseorang yang memiliki pengetahuan, pengalaman dan keahlian khusus sebagai dasar dalam memberikan keterangan ahli suatu perkara pidana. Kewajiban dokter untuk membuat keterangan ahli diatur dalam Kitab Undang-undang Acara Pidana dan dalam etika kedokteran. Kehadiran dokter sebagai saksi ahli dapat diminta oleh jaksa penuntut ataupun penasehat hukum tersangka atas persetujuan hakim. Dokter dapat menjadi saksi fakta (dokter yang merawat) atau saksi pendapat (ahli independen) tergantung keterangan yang dibutuhkan pengadilan. Dalam memberikan keterangan ahli, dokter harus mengikuti ketentuan yang berlaku di persidangan Indonesia, sehingga penting bagi dokter untuk mengetahui tata cara dan sikap dokter sebagai saksi ahli dan mengikuti pedoman menjadi saksi ahli kedokteran.Kata kunci: Dokter sebagai aksi ahli, dasar hukum, persidangan, pedoman saksi ahliAbstractThe utilization of forensic medical science in law enforcement and justice requires a medical doctor as an expert medical witness in court. An expert witness is basically a person who has knowledge, experience and special skill as a basis in providing expertise which is caused a criminal. The obligation of the doctor to make expert explanation is arranged in the book of the law in the crime and in medical ethics.The presence of the doctor as an expert witness can be requested by the prosecutor or the lawyer of the suspect upon approval the judge. Doctors can be as a witness of fact (the treating doctor) or as a witness of opinion (the independent expert witness), depending on the information needed at the court. In providing expert information, the doctor should follow the applicable provisions in Council of Indonesia, so it is important for the doctor to know the ordinances and the attitude of doctors acting as medical witnesses.Keywords: Doctors as medical expert witnesses,legal basis, court, guidelines for expert witness.
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas. 2013; 2(2) Malrotasi dan Volvulus pada Anak
Authors: Jurnalis Yusri Dianne , Sayoeti Yorva , Russelly Adria
Published: March 2020

AbstrakMalrotasi dan volvulus merupakan kasus gawat darurat dibidang bedah anak yang memerlukan intervensi segera. Malrotasi dan volvulus kebanyakan terjadi pada periode neonatus walaupun pada beberapa kasus dilaporkan terjadi pada usia anak besar bahkan dewasa. Manifestasi klinis berupa muntah hijau dengan atau tanpa distensi abdomen yang berhubungan dengan obstruksi duodenum atau volvulus midgut. Keterlambatan diagnosis dan talaksana dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya nekrosis intestinal, short bowel syndrome, dan ketergantungan pada nutrisi parenteral total. Mortalitas pada neonatus diperkirakan mencapai angka 30% pada sekitar tahun 1950, namun angka mortalitas tersebut semakin menurun mencapai 3% - 5%. Penanganan operatif yang darurat seringkali dibutuhkan untuk mencegah iskemia intestinal atau untuk melakukan reseksi pada lengkung usus yang telah mengalami infark.Kata kunci: malrotasi, volvulus midgut, prosedur Ladd, anakAbstractArial 9 italic Malrotation and volvulus is an emergency case in the field of surgery that requires immediate intervention. Malrotation and volvulus mostly occur in the neonatal period although in some cases have been reported in the age of the children and even adults. The clinical manifestations of vomiting green with or without abdominal distension associated with duodenal obstruction or midgut volvulus. Delay in diagnosis and management can lead to intestinal necrosis, short bowel syndrome, and dependence on total parenteral nutrition. Neonatal mortality rate is estimated at 30% in the 1950s, but the mortality rate has declined approximately 3% - 5%. Handling emergency operative is often needed to prevent intestinal ischemia or to perform bowel resection in the arch that has undergone infarction.Keywords:Malrotation, volvulus, Ladd procedure, children
Gambaran Tekanan Darah Tikus Wistar Jantan dan Betina Setelah Pemberian Diet Tinggi Garam
Authors: Lailani Mutia , Edward Zulkarnain , Herman Rahmatina B
Published: March 2020

AbstrakHipertensi masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. Penyebabnya diduga berkaitan dengan diet tinggi garam. Tujuan Penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui gambaran tekanan darah tikus Wistar setelah pemberian diet tinggigaram. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan post-test only control group design. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 10 ekor tikus Wistar jantan dan 10 ekor betina yang dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol (K) dan kelompok perlakuan (P). Diet tinggi garam (NaCl8%, 3ml/hari) diberikan pada kelompok P selama empat minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah yang bermakna pada kelompok P bila dibandingkan dengan kelompok K, yaitu tekanan darah sistolik (TDS) 191±17mmHg (P) dan 168±16mmHg (K) (p<0,05), tekanan darah diastolik (TDD) 162±17mmHg (P) dan 139±13mmHg (K) (p<0,05), tekanan arteri rata-rata (TAR) 176±17mmHg (P) dan 156±15mmHg (K) (p<0,05). Peningkatan TDS dan TDD hanya terjadi pada tikus jantan, tidak pada tikus betina. Pada tikus jantan TDS 185±13mmHg (P) dan 159±9mmHg (K) (p<0,05), TDD 159±18mmHg (P) dan 131±10mmHg (K) (p<0,05), TAR 172±16mmHg (P) dan 150±15mmHg (K) (p>0,05). Pada tikus betina TDS 197±19mmHg (P) dan 178±16mmHg (K) (p>0,05), TDD 165±18mmHg (P) dan 148±11mmHg (K) (p>0,05), TAR 181±18mmHg (P) dan 162±14mmHg (K) (p>0,05). Kesimpulan studi ini adalah peningkatan tekanan darah setelah pemberian diet tinggi garam hanya terjadi pada tikus jantan.Kata kunci: diet tinggi garam, tekanan darah, hipertensiAbstractHypertension remains a health problem in the world. The cause is believed to be related to the high-salt diet. The purpose of this studi was to describe the blood pressure of Wistar rats after administration of high-salt diet. This research was experimental with post-test only control group design. Ten male and ten female Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control group(K) and treated group(P). High-salt diet (8%NaCl, 3ml/day) was given to the P group for four weeks. Blood pressure increased significantly in group P compared to group K, systolic blood pressure (SBP) 191±17mmHg (P) and 168±16mmHg (K) in (p<0.05), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 162±17mmHg (P) and 139±13mmHg (K) in (p<0.05), mean arterial pressure (MAP) 176±17mmHg (P) and 156±15mmHg (K) in (p<0.05). The increase in SBP and DBP only occurred in male rats, not in female rats. In male rats, SBP were 185±13mmHg (P) and 159±9mmHg (K) in (p<0.05), DBP were 159±18mmHg (P) and 131±10mmHg (K) in (p<0.05), MAP were 172±16mmHg (P) and 150±15mmHg (K) in (p>0.05). In female rats, SBP were197±19mmHg (P) and 178±16mmHg (K) in (p>0.05), DBP were 165±18mmHg (P) and 148±11mmHg (K) in (p>0.05), MAP were 181±18mmHg (P) and 162±14mmHg (K) in (p>0.05). The conclusion of this study is an increase of blood pressure after the administration of high-salt diet only occured in male rats.Keywords: high-salt diet, blood pressure, hypertension
Analisis Ketahanan Hidup Lima Tahun Kanker Tiroid yang Dikelola di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
Authors: Oktahermoniza Oktahermoniza , Harahap Wirsma Arif , Tofriza Tofriza , Rasyid Rosfita
Published: March 2020

AbstrakKanker tiroid merupakan kanker yang jarang terjadi, namun kanker tersering pada organ endokrin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ketahanan hidup lima tahun kanker tiroid yang di tatalaksana di RS Dr. M. Djamil Padang dari Januari 2007 sampai dengan Desember 2011. Metode: Subjek penelitian adalah 117 penderita kanker tiroid yang ditatalaksana di RS Dr. M. Djamil Padang dari Januari 2007 sampai dengan Desember 2011. Data dianalisis dengan pendekatan survival time menggunakan Kaplan-Meier survival curve dan Log rank test. Hasil: Median umur 39 tahun (range, 11 sampai 77 tahun), median waktu follow up 32 bulan (range, 1 sampai 70 bulan), median ukuran tumor 6 cm (range, 1 sampai 16 cm). Didapatkan 100 (85,5%) %) penderita sehat bebas tumor, 7 (6%) penderita kambuh lokal, 1 (0,9%) metastasis jauh serta 9 (7,7%) penderita meninggal. Overall five survival rate pada penelitian ini 92,3%. Faktor umur, ukuran tumor, dan jenis histopatologi berhubungan secara bermakna dengan survival (p 0,000), (p= 0,046) dan (p= 0,000). Sedangkan faktor-faktor jenis kelamin, jenis operasi, dan terapi adjuvan tidak mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan survival. Pembahasan: Umur, ukuran tumor, dan jenis histopatologi memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan survival. Jenis kelamin, jenis operasi, dan terapi adjuvan tidak tidak berhubungan bermakna dengan survival.Kata kunci: Umur, Ukuran Tumor, Jenis Histopatologi, Survival, Kanker TiroidAbstractThyroid cancer is a rare cancer, but most common in endocrine organ. The purpose of this research is to determine about at five year survival of thyroid cancer which recorded at RS M. Djamil Padang Hospital from January 2007 until December 2011. Methods: Subjects were 117 patients with thyroid cancer be recorded in hospital Dr. M. Djamil Padang from January 2007 to December 2011. Data were analyzed with the survival time using Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log rank test. Result: Median age 39 years (range, 11 to 77 years), median follow-up time of 32 months (range, 1 to 70 months), median tumor size was 6 cm (range, 1 to 16 cm). Obtained 100 (85.5%)%) patients with tumor-free healthy, 7 (6%) patients with local recurrence, 1 (0.9%) distant metastases, and 9 (7.7%) patients died. Five overall survival rate in this study was 92.3%. Factors of age, tumor size and histopathological type was significantly associated with survival (p 0.000), (p = 0.046) and (p = 0.000). While the factors gender, type of surgery, and adjuvant therapy had no significant association with survival. Discussion: Discussion: Age, tumor size and histopathological type has a significant relationship with survival. Gender, type of surgery, and adjuvant therapy did not significantly associated with survival.Keywords: Age, Tumor Size, Type of Histopathology, Survival, Thyroid Cancer
Hubungan Komunikasi Dokter–Pasien Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Berobat Di Poliklinik RSUP DR. M. Djamil Padang
Authors: Wahyuni Tiara , Yanis Amel , Erly Erly
Published: March 2020

AbstrakKomunikasi dokter – pasien adalah suatu hal yang sangat penting dalam proses terapeutik di rumah sakit. Kualitas komunikasi yang terjadi diantara kedua belah pihak akan menghasilkan kepuasan di dalam diri pasien karena pasien akan merasa puas dan kembali lagi ke dokter yang sama jika komunikasi mereka baik dan efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan komunikasi dokter – pasien dengan kepuasan pasien berobat di poliklinik RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang. Desain penelitian adalah Cross Sectional dengan teknik pengambilan subjek yaitu proportionate stratified random sampling dengan jumlah 107 orang. Data diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan program komputer SPSS 17 dengan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan komunikasi dokter – pasien cukup baik yaitu 46,7% dan tingkat kepuasan pasien yaitu 86,9%. Hasil analisis bivariat secara umum menunjukkan ada hubungan bermakna antara komunikasi dokter – pasien terhadap kepuasan pasien. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara komunikasi dokter – pasien terhadap kepuasan pasien berobat di poliklinik RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang.Kata kunci: komunikasi, kepuasanAbstractCommunications doctor - patient is a very important thing in the therapeutic process in a hospital. Quality of the communication between two parties will result in the patient satisfaction because patients will feel satisfied and come back to the same doctor if they are good and effective communication. This study aimed to determine the relationship of doctor communication - patient to patient satisfaction for treatment in the policlinic Dr M. Djamil Padang. The design of study was cross-sectional sampling technique that is proportionate stratified random sampling with a total sample of 107 people. Data were processed and analyzed using the computer program SPSS 17 with chi-square test. The results of univariate analysis showed doctor communication quite enough that patients and 46.7% patient satisfaction rate is 86.9%. The results of the bivariate analyzes in general showed significant relationship between doctor communication - patient to patient satisfaction in the RSUP dr. M Djamil Padang.Keywords: communication, satisfication
Efek Pemberian Suntikan Subkutan Vitamin C Terhadap Luka Insisi Dermal
Authors: Darma Surya , Manjas Menkher , Saputra Deddy , Agus Salmiah , . Erkadius
Published: March 2020

Abstrak Vitamin C berfungsi sebagai kofaktor enzyme prolil dan lysil hydroxilase. Enzym tersebut berfungsi dalam proses hidroksilasi yang membentuk ikatan hidroksiprolin dan hidroksilisin pada fibroblast dalam membentuk kolagen. Selain itu Vitaimin C juga berfungsi meregulasi dan menstabilkan trankripsi gen mRNA prokolagen pada proses pembentukan kolagen di dermis. Berdasarkan hal tersebut diatas, peneliti tertarik untuk membuktikan apakah pemberian vitamin C subkutan disekitar luka insisi dermal berefek pada pembentukan kolagen yang lebih padat dalam proses penyembuhan luka. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan tikus Wistar sebanyak 32 ekor, yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu 16 ekor sebagai kontrol dan 16 ekor lagi sebagai perlakuan. Pada kedua kelompok dilakukan insisi di punggung sepanjang 2 cm. Kelompok perlakuan diberi suntikan vitamin C subkutan disekitar luka insisi dermal sebanyak 9 mg (0,09ml), sedangkan kelompokkontrol tidak diberikan.Pada hari kelima dilakukan pengambilan jaringan luka pada kedua sampel untuk pemeriksaan kepadatan kolagen secara mikroskopik. Hasil:Kepadatan kolagen pada hari kelimamenunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna dari efek penyuntikan vitamin C subkutan terhadap kepadatan kolagen (χ2 = 5,833; P
Development of Binocular Vision
Authors: Syauqie Muhammad , Putri Sri Handayani Mega
Published: March 2020

AbstrakPenglihatan binokular secara harfiah berarti penglihatan dengan 2 mata dan dengan adanya penglihatan binokular, kita dapat melihat dunia dalam 3 dimensi meskipun bayangan yang jatuh pada kedua retina merupakan bayangan 2 dimensi. Penglihatan binokular juga memberikan beberapa keuntungan berupa ketajaman visual, kontras sensitivitas, dan lapangan pandang penglihatan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan penglihatan monokular. Penglihatan binokular normal memerlukan aksis visual yang jernih, fusi sensoris, dan fusi motoris. Pada manusia, periode sensitif dari perkembangan penglihatan binokular dimulai pada usia sekitar 3 bulan, mencapai puncaknya pada usia 1 hingga 3 tahun, telah berkembang sempurna pada usia 4 tahun dan secara perlahan menurun hingga berhenti pada usia 9 tahun. Berbagai hambatan, berupa hambatan sensoris, motoris,dan sentral, dalam jalur refleks sangat mungkin akan menghambat perkembangan dari penglihatan binokular terutama pada periode sensitif sewaktu 2 tahun pertama kehidupan.Kata kunci: penglihatan binokular, perkembangan, fusi, stereopsisAbstractBinocular vision literally means vision with two eyes and with binocular vision, we can see the world in three dimensions even though the images that fall on both of the retina were the 2-dimensional images. Binocular vision also provide some advantages included improved visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual field compared with monocular vision. Normal binocular vision requires a clear visual axis, sensory fusion, and motoric fusion. In human, the sensitive period of binocular vision development began at around 3 months of age, reaching its peak at the age of 1 to 3 years, had developed completely at the age of 4 years and gradually declined until it stops at the age of 9 years. Various obstacles, such as sensory, motoric, and central obstacles, within the reflex pathway were very likely to inhibited the development of binocular vision, especially in sensitive period during the first 2 years of life.Keywords: binocular vision, development, fusion, stereopsis