bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probability-Based Durability Analysis of Structural Concrete under Chloride Salt Environment
Authors: Shi Wei Hua , Yu Zhi Wu , Kuang Ya Chuan , He Cheng Bin
Published: June 2012

Time dependency of chloride transport has been studied and an improving chloride penetration model has been established. Based on reliability theory, a durability analysis model has been build up and sensitivity analysis of steel corrosion probability has been performed. The analytical results show that age factor, cover depth and diffusion coefficient are key influence factors for corrosion probability of steel bar. Furthermore, influences on corrosion probability of temperature and relative humidity are significant quietly and must be considered in practical engineering.
Reliability Analysis of Foundation Pit Directly Based on Field Information
Authors: Zheng Hong Wei , Wang Hai Ying , Song Zhi Gang , Cao Jing
Published: June 2012

There are two problems frequently encountered in the risk analysis of foundation pit through the probability based reliability method. One is the large amount of calculation and the other is insufficient statistic field information. To solve these problems, uniform experiment design (UD), non-parametric regression (NPR) and Bootstrap simulation (BS) techniques are introduced based on the concept of response surface (RS). UD and NPR are used to construct more efficient RS, based on which, the failure probability is calculated through field information and BS. Combined with a practical project, the probability distributions calculated by BS based on field observation datum, and those calculated by Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) based on assumed probability distribution are compared. The results show that the probability distributions obtained through BS and MCS are the same in most cases, but BS is more suitable for the case of small sample datum. The RS methods based on UD and NPR can provide higher accuracy with less computation while containing more uncertain parameters.
Life Prediction of Aluminum Alloy Structure Subjected to Corrosion Fatigue and Corrosion Damage
Authors: Zhang You Hong , Zhang Qian , Chang Xin Long , Yue Chun Guo , Zhang Shi Ying , Liu Wan Lei
Published: June 2012

The strength of the aging structure deteriorates mainly as a result of corrosion and fatigue damage. In this paper, the life prediction methods of corroded and corrosion fatigued aluminum alloy structure were proposed. The stress multiplication of aluminum alloy structure subjected to corrosion damage was simulated by ANSYS software. We proposed the AFGROW software simulation method to predicate the numerical simulation of corrosion fatigue crack growth. At last, the life cycles of structures subjected to corrosion damage and corrosion fatigue were estimated, and a very good performance of the proposed methods are achieved after validation with the experimental data.
Matrix Algorithm for Reliability of Structure in Generalized Random Space
Authors: Liu Xiao Jie , Li Xiao Jing , Shi Wei Hua , Kuang Ya Chuan
Published: June 2012

In this paper variance of preformance function is calculated according to law of covariance propagation and matrix algorithm is used to calculate reliability index of structures in generalized random space, which is applicable to independent and correlative random variable, linear or nonlinear limit state equation. The given example has shown that the proposed method is very simple and convenient.
Fuzzy Reliability Analysis of Geocell Protective Slope Stability
Authors: Wang Guang Yue , Han Yan
Published: June 2012

In order to analyze the uncertainty existing in the stability of slope with geocell, the fuzziness of soil property parameters should be considered. In this paper, probability density function of structural performance function and membership function of the stability of slope with geocell was determined. The fuzzy reliability model of the stability of slope with geocell was established. The fuzzy reliability and fuzzy failure probability of slope with geocell instability were calculated, and the practicability of the calculated model was verified.
Research on Chloride Diffusion Model in Pre-Stressed Concrete with Sulfate Attack
Authors: Liu Rong Gui , Li Jing , Li Huan
Published: June 2012

Chloride diffusion coefficient is significant to the durability of pre-stressed concrete in chloride environment. The factors which influence chloride diffusion coefficient in pre-stressed concrete structures eroded by chloride ion is of great importance, including porosity, chloride ion binding capacity and the stress of pre-stressed concrete etc. Based on the Fick’s second law and existing models, the model of chloride ion diffusion in pre-stressed concrete with sulfate attack is established. It is analyzed that the influence of water-binder ratio and sulfate ion concentration and erosion time on concentration distribution of chloride ion in concrete. Compared to test data and project examples, it is confirmed that the model is useful.
Reliability Analysis of Flexural Concrete Member Based on the Randomness of Pitting
Authors: Ma Ya Li , Li Zheng Jian , Zhao Zhuo
Published: June 2012

In order to analyze the influence of stochastic pitting corrosion to the reliability of service structure, According to the theory of extreme values of random variables and the basic theory of reliability analysis, the reliability of flexural concrete member based on the randomness of pitting, the change of statistical parameters for both corroded steel bar and resistance is also analyzed based on the randomness of pitting. Based on the checking point method, the development law of reliability of concrete bending members with the number of random variables and the service life are studied. The results indicated that the influence of the randomness of pitting to the reliability of flexural concrete members is of the most significance, the reliability index was found to decline with the increase of number of random variables and the service life. The analysis show the research presented in the paper can provide theoretical basis of life prediction.
The Accuracy Comparison of Assessing the Amount of Steel Corrosion in Concrete with Several Different Algorithms
Authors: Cheng Ping Jie
Published: June 2012

Many before studies showed that it was difficult to ensure the accuracy of assessing the amount of steel corrosion in the cracking concrete with artificial neural network [3] method while the study sample size was small. This paper introduces several different algorithms to assess the amount of steel corrosion in concrete. The experimental results show that compared with other algorithms, the predictive value of the support vector machine algorithm is the closest to the measured value.
Influence of Cracks Parameters on Bearing Capacity for Prestressed Concrete Box Girder
Authors: Zhang Zhao Ning
Published: June 2012

For long-span pre-stressed concrete continuous box girder bridges, cracks and other damage problem are often found because of influence of loads, climate, operations management and other factors during operation. The problem of cracking is serious increasingly, which has a direct impact on usability, durability and security. In order to analyze the bearing capacity of the bridge with cracks under different parameters, such as cracks width, cracks height and cracks spacing and provide the basis for the safety assessment and reinforcement, the paper puts forward the cracking reduction coefficient that evaluates the bearing capacity of the damaged bridge based on the tensile stress control. A three-span continuous rigid frame bridge is analyzed and the result shows that the bearing capacity of the bridge is in inverse proportion to cracks width and cracks height. The bearing capacity of the bridge is in direct proportion to cracks spacing.
Dynamic Response of the Taizang Tower before and after Reinforcement under Seismic Load
Authors: Liu Jun Qing , Chao Yuan Yuan , Chen Cheng Cheng
Published: June 2012

The Taizang tower was the research object in this paper. The field of stress and displacement before and after reinforcement were calculated under seismic load. The dynamic response and variation regularity were obtained using dynamic finite element method (FEM). The results show that: Taking reinforcement measures, maximum displacement can obviously decrease and the distribution of stress tends to be uniformity. Reinforcement measures can improve the stability of the soil site.
Research on the Space Layout of Urban Seismic Disaster Prevention
Authors: Zhao Qiu Quan , Wang Wei , Liu Chao Feng , Liu Xiao Ran
Published: June 2012

Based on the requirement of earthquake resistance and disaster prevention in city’s master planning, taking the city's urban disaster prevention function and safety of residents in the great earthquake, large earthquake, middle seism into account, an idea for planning the layout of seismic disaster-prevention space treating city as an object was brought forward in this thesis. Especially, we mainly studied the restrictive conditions of the urban planning and construction from urban disaster prevention and reasonably planned urban disaster prevention security space structure and layout. Then it would certainly gain the spatial pattern of disaster-prevention and obtain the right resources of earthquake emergency relief, and ensure the safety of cities against earthquake disaster.
Seismic Response Analysis for Tunnel Conveying Water under Traveling Waves Excitation
Authors: Liu Jin Yun , Xia Cai Chu , Sun Sheng Nan
Published: June 2012

For large-scale water-conveying tunnel, the spatial variation characteristics of earthquake excitation, namely, multi-point input has great effects on seismic response of the water-conveying tunnel. Aim at this problem, the paper considers interaction of surrounding rock-tunnel lining-water system and considers traveling wave effect. The result indicates: compare with the coincident earthquake excitation, traveling wave effect brings disadvantageous influence on seismic response of the water-conveying tunnel.
Evaluation of Seismic Behavior on Steel Frames with TSW Semi-Rigid Connections under the Nonlinear Time History Analysis
Authors: Najdian Miaad , Izadinia Mohsen
Published: June 2012

Movements of pulse shape and the high energy applied in short duration by the near fault earthquake, causes brittle fracture in rigid connections that during the Northridge 1994 and Kobe 1995 earthquakes was frequently seen. Rigid connections, which are generally welded due to lack of ductility, have low energy absorption capability. On the other hand semi-rigid connections have a ductile behavior and have a good ability to absorb energy. The purpose of this paper is analysis and compares the behaviors of “rigid” and “TSW semi-rigid” connections under the near fault earthquakes with nonlinear time history analysis by perform 3D software.
Calculation and Design Analysis of Grid with Six-Point Supporting
Authors: Li Ke , Ji Jing , Li Yan
Published: June 2012

In combination with a distinctive grid design with six-point supporting, three kinds of calculation methods of the grid structure are compared. By finite element method the internal force of the bars and deformation of the whole structure are calculated, and specific design process is given. Finally design details of bolts ball nodes of grid are given, these can provide reference for the same kind of grid structure design.
Advances in Seismic Research of Long-Distance Transportation Pipes
Authors: Hao Ting Yue
Published: June 2012

The advances in seismic research of long-distance transportation pipes in recent years which includes four major aspects such as the harm of earthquake to long-distance transportation pipes, the seismic research methods of long-distance transportation pipes, seismic analysis and measures of long-distance transportation pipes were introduced, and the coming research directions were also pointed out in this paper.
Analysis of Different Seismic Response between Low and High Stories of Buildings
Authors: Xia Kun , Zhang Ling Xin , Liu Jie Ping , Dong Lin
Published: June 2012

In general, the higher story of the building, the stronger effects on humans and objects. In this paper, seismic response analysis for two buildings is carried out. The time histories of displacement, velocity, acceleration and acceleration response spectrum of each floor are obtained. By analyzing these results, the phenomenon of "the higher story of the building, the stronger effects on humans and objects" is demonstrated. And reasons of this phenomenon are preliminary analyzed.
The Model of Bounds on Seismic Responses
Authors: Wang Ju Lin
Published: June 2012

Seismic excitation of linearly elastic structures is dealt with in the paper. It is well known that dynamical structural response is very sensitive to random fluctuations of the excitation; the consequence is that the identification of the forcing function on the basis of a few global parameters does not allow to predict exhaustively stresses in seismically excited structures. In the paper, a convex model is established to treat uncertainty associated with the details of the excitation. In order to set bounds on the response parameters of a SDOF system, assuming that only rough information is available for expected earthquakes at a given site. In particular, we assume that the maximum expected energy of the acclerogram, and the maximum distance of its power spectrum from the target spectrum, typical for the site under construction, are specified.
Seismic Strengthening Technology and Durability Analysis of Ancient Masonry Pagodas
Authors: Wang Can , Yuan Jian Li
Published: June 2012

The different damaged characteristics of ancient masonry pagodas in earthquake should be reinforced by corresponding seismic strengthening methods with modern construction materials. Focusing on the long-term preservation of pagoda, investigates the strengthening technology and protective measures relative to durability of reinforcement materials and masonry structure. Combining with the analysis of typical pagoda strengthening projects after the Wen-chuan Earthquake, probes into the improving construction procedure and material formula for the durability of masonry pagodas based on the protective principle of cultural relics.
Earth-Rock Dam’s Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of Mianyang City in the Wenchuan Ms8.0 Earthquake
Authors: Liang Hai An , Jing Li Ping , Li Yong Qiang , Liu Chun Hui
Published: June 2012

Dam damaged is one of common forms about lifeline engineering after earthquake raids. Based on the analysis of the seismic damaged conditions of 825 dams in Mianyang City, this paper establishes a dam’s seismic vulnerability matrix that suite for the Chinese specification. Compares the Mianyang city’s earth-rock dam seismic vulnerability matrix with the ATC-13’s that based on Delphi method, the vulnerability of dams in the Wenchuan earthquake is quite different with ATC-13’s, earth-rock dams of Mianyang City appear to be more vulnerable during earthquake. Base on date of seismic vulnerability matrix in Mianyang city, vulnerability curves are established. The vulnerability curves that fitted by beta function can be used to predict Chinese earth-rock dam’ seismic damage.
Parameters Analysis of Re-Centring SMA Damper Based on SAP2000
Authors: Ling Yu Hong , Ling Hong Hua
Published: June 2012

According to the working mechanism of re-centring SMA damper, restoring force model is established. Based on the mechanical model, the re-centring SMA damper is modeled in finite element software SAP2000 by adding Multi-Linear element and Plastic (Wen) element. Time-history analysis method under different ground motion is used to analyze control parameters of re-centring SMA damper. The influence on damping effect and ability to re-centring of damper of several factors such as the ratio SR of initial stiffness of energy components and stiffness of corresponding structural layer, the ratio β of yield displacement of energy components and yield displacement of corresponding structural layer, the ratio α of the second stiffness and initial stiffness of energy components, the ratio Q of initial restoring force of re-centring group and yield force of corresponding structural layer, and the ratio λ of the second stiffness and initial stiffness of re-centring group were studied. Their reasonable numerical value range are obtained by numerical calculation, the reasonable ranges for SR, β, α, Q and λ are found to be 2~3, 0~0.05, 0~0.1, 0.05~0.10 and 0.05~0.15 respectively.
Present Research and Prospect of Seismic Fragility for Steel-Concrete Mixed Structures
Authors: Liu Yang Bing , Chen Fang , Liu Jing Bo
Published: June 2012

Because of possessing the advantage of steel structures and concrete structures, the steel-concrete mixed structure has been developed rapidly and used widely. And at present, it has been a popular structural type in high-rise buildings. Although mixed structures have been used in earthquake region more and more, seismic fragility studies for this type of construction is scarce. Based on analyzing and summarizing the available studies on structural seismic fragility, present research situation on seismic fragility of mixed structures at home and abroad is described; the key problems to solving urgently in the analysis of seismic fragility for mixed structures are put forward; and the trend of development is forecasted. Study on the issues above will give some help to aseismic design, strengthening, repairing and disaster reduction of mixed structures.
Seismic Response Analysis of the Transfer Station in Transportation Junction Considering the Effect of the Pile and Soil
Authors: Guan Ye , Jiang Xin Liang , Zhang Yan Ping
Published: June 2012

In order to understand the seismic performance of the large complex structure with multi-storey basement, the structure-pile-soil finite element model of a typical cross sections of one transfer station in a transportation junction were established by using the ANSYS software. The time history analysis was adopted, and the seismic responds of the whole system under the seismic load was analyzed, and some rules were attained. Comparing the result of the seismic responds with the rigid foundation model which the soil around the underground structure simulated by spring element, and some salutary conclusions are attained.
Collapse Modes of a Double-Layer Space Truss Subjected to Multi-Dimensional Earthquakes
Authors: Huang Xing Huai , Xu Zhao Dong , Yang Ming Fei
Published: June 2012

In order to investigate the collapse mode of double-layer space trusses, the whole collapse process is simulated by the explicit finite element methods. The calculation results indicate that horizontal earthquake and vertical earthquake waves will lead to two typical collapse modes of the structure. The collapse mode of the structure under horizontal earthquake are mainly strength failure, which is characterized by the failure of members connected to the columns; the collapse mode of the structure under vertical earthquake are mainly dynamic instability, which is characterized by the V shape deformation. The analytical results agree with the experimental results.
Response of Transmission Lines under Three-Dimensional Seismic Excitations
Authors: Tian Li , Li Hong Nan , Wang Wen Ming
Published: June 2012

The behavior of transmission line under three-dimensional seismic excitations is studied by numerical simulation. According to a practical engineering, the transmission towers are modeled by frame elements and the transmission lines are modeled by cable element account for the nonlinearity of the cable. The effects of single-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional ground motions on the responses of transmission line are investigated using nonlinear time history analysis method, respectively. The results indicate that the longitudinal maximum response of transmission lines can be obtained considering longitudinal ground motion excitation only. The transverse maximum response of transmission lines can be obtained considering transverse ground motion excitation only. Neglecting multiple nature of ground motion in analysis will significantly underestimate the vertical responses of the transmission lines. To obtain an accurate seismic response of transmission lines, three-dimensional ground motion inputs are required.
Spectrum Analysis of Isolated Vertical Seismic Response Storage Tanks
Authors: Hao Jin Feng , Gao Jian Hua , Liu Yang , Liu Gui De
Published: June 2012

Aiming at the problem of seismic response of the base isolation tanks, make the tanks simplify the mechanical model of three particles, considering the quality of continuous liquid that is in the tanks equivalent to convection quality, pulse quality and rigid quality and introducing isolation stiffness. According to the stiffness of each particle and quality calculate natural vibration period, making sure the power amplification coefficient, and analysis on the response spectrum of isolation vertical seismic response storage tanks. The results show that the response spectrum method calculating isolation vertical seismic response storage tanks tends to safety；With the site categories and isolation cycle's increasing, basal shear shock absorption rate gradually reduce , the change of shaking height of wave is not obvious, after isolating the earthquake , hydraulic pressure show linear change, hydraulic pressure increase as the increasing of the site categories and ratio of height to radius, along with the increasing of the isolation of the cycle increasing, hydraulic pressure decrease；ratio of height to radius exists certain optimization period, in the period of optimization , basal shear shock absorption rate is bigger, isolating effect is better.
Study on Effects of Sea Ice on Nonlinear Seismic Responses of Single-Column Pier Subject to Different Types of Earthquakes
Authors: Qi Fu Qiang , Song Bo
Published: June 2012

The seismic response analysis model of a single-column pier surrounded by sea ice was established and it analyzed the nonlinear seismic response of the pier subject to different types of earthquakes. The results show that the maximum seismic responses of the pier occur when the mass of sea ice is about 5000~10000 ton, which should be used to design a pier. When the sea ice is considered, the curvature ductility demand coefficient，the maximum displacement and the maximum residual displacement of the pier are several times than those corresponding to without sea ice, and the M-Ø hysteretic curves of the cross-section of the pier subject to earthquakes present downfallen ‘S’ form significantly and the deformability and energy dissipation capability of the pier drop remarkably.
Estimation of the Liquefaction's Risk of a Soil Deposit under Seismic Solicitations: Petrochemical Zone of Skikda City
Authors: Badreddine Sbartai , Fillali Kamel
Published: June 2012

This study consists in estimating the risk (potential) of liquefaction of a soil deposit saturated when it is submitted to a horizontal seismic excitement to its basis while using the approach in total constraints. This approach requires the determination of the shear constraint τa developed by the seismic solicitation, For the determination of τa, an equivalent linear dynamic analysis with concentrated mass has been used to adapt (iterable proceeding) the module of shear and the factor of damping according to the level of the resulting shear deformations because, the constraint-distortion diagram of the layer is nonlinear with dissipation of energy by hysteresis for each cycle. For this reason, in this survey, the behavior of soil has been represented by a hyperbolic relation of Hardin and Drenevich. For the determination of τl, the graph of Seed and al based on the results of the SPT. The report of the two constraints permits the definition of safety factor against the risk of liquefaction (CSL).
The Analysis of Cantilever on Catastrophe to Irregular High-Rise Structure in Earthquake
Authors: Zhang Jia Hui , Xiong Zhong Ming , Chen Zhi Qiang , Kong Ling Bo
Published: June 2012

Anomalistic architecture especially overhanging structure has become a trend of architectural development, Based on the characteristics of a large vertical eccentric, more prominent facade and strong reverse effect,overhanging structure is often serious super-norm and extremely detrimental to the seismic design[1], Now it has become an important part of seismic review. By the analysis and comparison on the coupling of the translational and torsional seismic response from ANSYS program[2]. The behavior of seismic catastrophe of cantilever building structure is studied under bi-directional earthquake action and the change law of cantilever member with the length is obtained, the suggestions on engineering design are put forward for future seismic design of such structures.
Seismic Response of a Viaduct under near-Fault Earthquakes
Authors: Chen Yan Jiang , Zhang Yu Bo , Yan Wei Ming , Li Yong
Published: June 2012

Abundant long-periodic components endue near-fault earthquakes with large velocity pulses while the viaducts owe long periodic fundamental period. To explore the seismic response patterns of viaducts under near-fault earthquakes, the paper analyzed the time history response of a viaduct under near-fault seismograms including TCU 1063, TCU 065, El centro and Artificial wave via FEM software Civil. The analysis shows a significant boost in near-fault seismic response as the value of PGV/PGA increased accordingly, indicates that the near-fault pulse affects strongly on the structural dynamic response of the viaducts.
Seismic Performance Study on Steel Frame Structures with Integral Panel
Authors: Hou He Tao , Wu Ming Lei , Liu Miao , Ma Qin
Published: June 2012

In recent years, wall panels have been more and more used in the steel residential houses. A series of investigations on the seismic performance of the steel frame with composite panels have been carried out. According to the connection types between the steel frames and the panels, the structural system can be divided into two kinds: steel frames with hanging composite panels and steel frame infilled with composite panels. Results of all researchers revealed that the composite panels could effectively improve the lateral stiffness and bearing capacity of the steel frames, at the same time could enhance the energy dissipation capacity. Morever, in this paper, the relevant research results of connections between the steel frame and composite panels obtained are compared and discussed. This review provides helpful directions to those who are already engaged in composite panels used in the steel residential houses, and points out the simplified method needed to promote safe and economic use of composite panels.
Experimental Study on Shear Strength of Gravel Silty Clay from a Post-Earthquake High Slope
Authors: Yang Ping , Zhu Zhan Yuan , Mo You , Teng Bing , Zou Zu Yin
Published: June 2012

Based on direct shear tests of gravel silty clay from the high slope of Daju Mountain in Niufei Village, Pingtong Town, Sichuan Province after the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake, change laws of shear strength under different water content, dry density and maximal grain-diameter were studied. Through analyzing variation curves on shear strength and two indexes, cohesion C and angle of internal friction , conclusions can be drawn that shear strength goes down along with the growth of water content, goes up along with the growth of dry density, and is sensitive to the change of maximal grain-diameter; the influence of water content on shear strength and the two indexes, is largest, dry density larger and maximal grain-diameter worst. And the change mechanism of shear strength was interpreted rationally. Simultaneously the powerful functions were used to fit the relationships between shear strength indexes and the three influencing factors respectively. The paper accumulates basic data for shear strength study of the post-earthquake soil and provides important references for safety evaluation of the post-earthquake high slopes under harmful conditions, for example heavy rain and so on.
The Shaking Table Test and Analysis of Seismic Performance for Brick Mixes Structures of Traditional Folk Dwelling
Authors: Li Chun Hui , Li Hong Quan , Ji Jin Bao , Fu Yang Qiang , Li Fang Fang
Published: June 2012

we carried out shaking table tests for 2 layers of a residential brick structure with 1/2 reduced-scale. At the same time, the model structure is studied by finite element analysis with ANSYS. The dynamic response of structure under different seismic excitation and cracking destruction rules were compared and analyzed, seismic vulnerability for the type of brick mixes structures were summarized.. At end, in the light of this type of structure we give the suggestions and measures of aseismatic reinforcement.
Research on Longitudinal Seismic Calculation Theory of Single-Story Factory Building
Authors: Ning Hao , Lv Xiao Yin , Wang Yi Jun
Published: June 2012

Regarding the distribution modes of longitudinal horizontal seismic forces of single-story factory building with no purlin concrete roof, there are conflicts between Sections 9.8.1 and 5.2.6 in the Seismic Design of Buildings GB50011-2010[1]. We suggested distributing the longitudinal seismic forces according to the proportion of the gravity loads on the subordinate areas of the lateral force components. We recommended replacing clause 1 of section 9.1.8 with “Don’t consider the effective stiffness of the enclosure walls or the partition walls”. Then for the example in Single-story Factory building Design Examples, we calculated the longitudinal seismic forces with two methods, and proved the our recommended method was correct.
Analysis of Guojuanyan Debris Flow Formation and Kinetic Parameters in Hongkou Village, Dujiangyan of Sichuan Province Post Earthquake
Authors: Yang Shun , Wang Jun , Ji Xian Jun , Pan Hua Li
Published: June 2012

Guojuanyan gully, which lies in the center of earthquake-stricken area Dujiangyan city, is a viscous debris flow gully post Wenchuan strong earthquake. This paper made a deep analysis of the debris flow formation condition on the base of Guojuanyan valley and debris flow characteristics firstly, then conducted a calculation on the debris flow kinetic parameters, last parsed the development tendency of the Guojuanyan gully in the future and posed prevention measures based on its dangerous and objects which need to protect.
The Evaluation of Lithology Effects on Wenchuan Seismic Landslides
Authors: Han Meng , Fan Xiao Yi
Published: June 2012

The landslides caused serious casualties and property losses in Wenchuan earthquake, China. According to the survey data of the landslides, the landslide lithology, contribution rate of lithology, height difference and volume of the landslides were studied. The results indicated that the 13 lithologies had the larger relationship with seismic landslide development. In these lithologies, The Phyllite (Ph) had the greatest contribution rate on the landslide number, landslide area and landslide volume. The Stone soil (Ss) had the largest volume of landslide on unit landslide area. Metamorphic sandstone (Ms), Gravelly soil (Gs), Sandstone (Sa), Phyllite (Ph), Limestone (Li) had the greater combined effects on the landslide development.
Theoretical and Experimental Study on Structural Dynamics Analysis Based on Electrical Circuit Analogy Method
Authors: Li Gang , Chen Peng , Hao Yu Wen
Published: June 2012

A lot of problems is conversed to their corresponding research area and studied. In this paper, electrical experiment method is presented for solving a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) dynamic system subjected sinusoidal loading. The equivalent electrical circuit corresponding to the SDOF dynamic system is designed and practical electrical circuit is completed. Research results shows that the electrical circuit analogy method (ECAM) is an effective and practical method on solving structural dynamic problems. The electrical experiment results agree well with the numerical simulation results.
Pseudo-Dynamic Test on the Anti-Seismic Performance of Turbine Generator Foundation
Authors: Qu Tie Jun , Xiang Kun , Yin Xue Jun , Shao Xiao Yan
Published: June 2012

Taking steam-turbine generator foundation of 1251 MW as the example in this paper, 1:8 test model is designed. Pseudo-dynamic test is carried out under intensity 7 frequently and rarely earthquake. And earthquake response characteristics of the foundation are researched. The test result shows that the foundation has the better emergency capecity. Even if design reference period is changed into 60 years from 50 years, the foundation will satisfy the requirements of seismic design standard.
Finite Element Analysis of External Prestressing Beams Made of Strain Hardening Material
Authors: Atta Ahmed
Published: June 2012

The use of finite element analysis has been widely used as a means to analyze individual elements and the effects of concrete strength under loading. This paper is a study of prestressed concrete beams made of strain hardening material called UHP-SHCC (Ultra High Performance Strain Hardening Cementitious Composite) using finite element analysis to understand their response. A finite element model is studied and compared to experimental data. The basic parameters included second order effect of prestressed beam, and prestressing tendon depths have been considered in the analysis. The present study indicated the following conclusions: the number of deviators significantly influences the ultimate capacity and the strains values of UHP-SHCC beams, the change of external prestressing tendon depth has a significant effect on the cracking load, failure load, deflection values, and ultimate stress in the tendon in case of using UHP-SHCC beams but keep the final mode of failure without change.
The Review and Prospects of the Study on Chinese Geological Disaster
Authors: Wang Jun , Yang Shun , Ji Xian Jun , Ou Guo Qiang
Published: June 2012

Based on plenty of references, such as monograph, journal, thesis and other document, this paper summarized the present research situation of Chinese geological disaster. Although geological disaster research has made some achievements in forecasting, monitoring and early warning, risk assessment, disaster prevention and other aspects, it still has many problems, such as theories and methods of geological disaster is weak, and lack disaster information processing capacity. This paper also put forward the importance of studying geological disaster from the basin and system perspective and carrying out comprehensive management of basin system disaster.
Lahar Risk-Division of Changbai Moutian Region, China
Authors: Sheng Jian , Wan Lu He , Lv Han , Wen Zhi Hong
Published: June 2012

According to the characteristics of lahar deposit, 9 important influence factors of lahar deposition are selected, which are stratigraphic age, lithology, weathering degree, accumulation thickness, elevation, relative height, longitudinal gradient, vegetation type and vegetation coverage. The subjective and objective weights are obtained respectively by Valued Iteration Multi-Expert Determination and Rough Set. Synthesis weights are acquired by combining subjective and objective weights. Influence factors are divided into four levels. The four levels are given 1-4 points respectively, according to a certain division standard. Classification zoning maps of 9 influence factors were obtained respectively by field investigation, data collection, remote sensing, numerical calculation and DEM model calculation. The risk level division map of Changbai Mountain region is eventually obtained through stack analyzing by GIS, according to the synthesis risk degree. Synthesis risk degree is acquired by combining the influence value of each factor and their synthesis weights.
The Causes of Geological Disasters in Chongqing Expressway Mechanism and Treatment Research
Authors: Li Hai Ping , Shan Rong Xiang , Yan Zong Ling
Published: June 2012

The thesis, based on the analysis of geological hazard, environment, and mechanism of hazard occurrence, accounting for the key factors of controlling disaster, and combining the object hazard damages to, proposed we should take a dynamic treatment of hazard according to the different hazard factors, and proposed reasonable methods to deal with these hazards, which exerts a good influence on the similar circumstances.
Wireless Sensor Networks for Fire Detection in the Library Environment
Authors: Liu Jun , Tian Ying , Qi Hua
Published: June 2012

the use of wireless sensor networks for fire detection in the library environment is more effective compared to the wired network system, and is significant in save time and cost for the protection of document resources in the library. To implement the installation of WSNs in the library we design nodes that are capable of sensing fire as soon as it occurs and also propose algorithm to identify the location of fire. As the advance in WSNs technology, such new application will have a brilliant and promising future.
Research on Horizontal Bearing Capacity of High-Rise RC Shear Wall Arranged High-Strength Steel in Boundary Concealed Columns
Authors: Li Zhen Bao , Zhang Hui Ming , Ma Hua , Guo Er Wei , Wang Wen Jing
Published: June 2012

Based on the plane-section assumption, the formulas of yield moment and ultimate moment are derived for calculating high-rise RC shear wall. High-strength steels are used as transverse and longitudinal steels in boundary concealed columns of the shear wall. The practical application is performed by using the formulas derived for calculating horizontal bearing capacities of four specimens, in which one specimen used ordinary-strength steel and the others used high-strength steel. Meanwhile, the numerical simulation is carried out on the four specimens by finite element method, and the results show that the horizontal bearing capacity of the shear wall increases obviously for specimens using high-strength steel in boundary concealed column, and the simulation results of finite element method are in good agreement with formula results.
Theory of Unload-Load Response Ratio and its Application in Debris Landslide Forecast
Authors: Chen Wei Gong , He Ke Qiang , Zhang Juan
Published: June 2012

Debris landslide is a widely distributed and its hazard is huge and hard to forecast with traditional method. Instability drivers of the debris landslide and mechanism were systematically analyzed in this paper. And on that basis, the theory of unload-load response ratio was proposed to forecast the landslide's stability. In the view of system dynamics, the unload-load parameter and unload-load response parameter were singled out and the feasibility was able to build up analyzed, and then, the model of unload-load response ratio was built. As an example, the model was used to analyze and calculate the Xintan typical debris landslide. The results were showed. The steady state reflected by the timing curve of the unload-load response ratio was consistent with the landslide's actual status, when Y'→0, the overall unstability of landslide would appear. That showed it was available to use the unload-load response ratio to forecast landslide's deformation stage and as a criterion of landslide instability.
Different Control Schemes Study on Landslide with Underground Crossing Pipeline
Authors: Li Chang Dong , Hu Xin Li , Wang Liang Qing , Liu Qing Tao
Published: June 2012

With the progressive proceeding of energy pipeline construction, long-distance petroleum and natural gas transmission pipelines were designed to pass through the mountain area of Midwest China, part of them have been threatened by severe landslide hazard. Therefore, the effective control scheme for the exiting pipelines across landslide area has been increasingly interested. A typical landslide in Western China area was taken as an example, from which the interaction model of landslide and pipeline was performed. On the base of the landslide characteristics analysis and numerical modeling, two kinds of typical control schemes, including anti-sliding piles and anchors supporting, were presented to carry out a comparative analysis and evaluation for landslide control. The results show that the scheme involving anti-sliding pile is the better scheme, whose cost and technical requirement are lower than that of anchors supporting scheme in the aspects of cost and the feasibility of construction. This study can provide a scientific basis for the optimal control scheme determination for the landslides with pipeline underground crossing in Western China.
PSInSAR Technology Research and its Application on Landslide Monitoring
Authors: Tu Peng Fei , Xia Lang , Li Hong Tao , Wu Sheng Chao
Published: June 2012

Our country is one of the countries that with serious geological disasters,every year we loss nearly twenty billion yuan and hundreds of people dead because of it.How to liberate deformation monitoring from the traditional way by means of modern Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) is the responsibility of each technical workers. In this paper, we mainly introduce the recent fast-developed advanced InSAR technology -- Persistent Scatterers for SAR Interfero try PS InSAR and its application on Shuping landslide in the Three Gorges reservoir area .
Debris Flow Hazards and its Mitigation Works in Xianbuleng Gully, Jinchuan County, Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Liu Jin Feng , You Yong , Chen Xing Chang
Published: June 2012

This paper presented a case analysis of debris flow hazards and its mitigation works. The Xianbuleng Gully which is located in Jinchuan County, Sichuan Province was selected as study area. This gully is an old debris flow gully which once burst out many debris flow disasters in history. If debris flows occur again in this gully, the township government, the center school and 13 village houses nearly 300 persons on the alluvial fan will be exposed to great risk.The environment settings and the hazard characteristics of the Xianbuleng debris flow were introduced first in this paper. Then, mitigation works especially the drainage canal under the optimal hydraulic condition were planned and designed in the gully for decreasing the debris flow hazards.
Catastrophe Theory Analysis of Rock Mass Dynamic Destabilization
Authors: Zhang Yong , Hu Da Jian , Xue Lu
Published: June 2012

In step with body Ⅱ, analytic solution and illustration of elastic energy releasing amount of rock mass dynamic destabilization are given for the first time in the form of precise and approximate catastrophe model. It is upgraded from qualitative understand to quantitative description that study on rock stability at the stage before and after earthquake and rockburst. The halting point’s position of rock mass dynamic destabilization is ascertained strictly, and it offers scientific basis for the calculation on earthquake efficiency, the study on earthquake energy magnitude released, earthquake stress drop, fault offset after earthquake and amount of elastic strain recovery of surrounding rock. The system possesses the capability of applying work to surroundings when it destabilizes, and earthquake wave energy is the work that destabilizing rock system applies to surroundings by way of destructive. The given illustration of elastic energy releasing amount implicates wealth of information, it produces credible evidence for confirming that the mathematical abstract of rock dynamic destabilization is fold catastrophe model.
Relationship between Bending Solutions of FGM Timoshenko Beams and those of Homogenous Euler-Bernoulli Beams
Authors: Li Shi Rong , Wan Ze Qing , Zhang Peng
Published: June 2012

Relationship between bending solutions of functionally graded Timoshenko beams (FGMTB) and those of homogenous Euler-Bernoulli beams (HEBB) were studied in this presentation. The deflection and the rotational angle of FGMTB are expressed in terms of the deflection of the corresponding HEBB with the same geometry, loadings and end constraints. Consequently, solutions of bending of the FGMTB are simplified as the calculation of the transition coefficients which can be easily determined by the variation law of the gradient of the material properties and the geometry of the beams because the solutions of corresponding HEBB are well known. As examples, solutions for the FGM Timoshenko beams under S-S, C-C, C-F and C-S end constraints and subjected to arbitrary transverse loadings were presented. These analytical solutions can be as benchmarks in the further investigations of behaviors of FGM beams.
Curvature Ductility of Concrete Element under High Strain-Rates
Authors: Syed Zubair , Mendis Priyan , Lam Nelson , Ngo Tuan D.
Published: June 2012

Considerable amount of studies on the ductility and flexural behaviour of normal and high strength concrete elements under static load can be found in literature. However, most of the previous theoretical investigations on moment-curvature (M-φ) relationship of concrete elements to calculate curvature ductility and flexural capacity did not take account of the strain-rate effect on the material models. M-φ analysis of concrete elements under dynamic loading are often conducted with material models developed for quasi-static load by applying Dynamic Increase Factors (DIF) to the material properties to reflect the strain-rate effect. Depending on magnitude and duration of applied dynamic load, element stiffness and boundary condition strain-rate varies over the cross section. Thus, the application of DIF to modify peak material properties often fails to reflect the strain-rate effect reliably. The improvement of using material model which incorporated strain-rate in its constitutive equations has been explored in this study. The effects of reinforcement amount, grade and concrete strength on curvature ductility for different strain rates have been studied using material models which have strain-rate effects included in theirs formulation. Based on the parametric study, a simple formula to estimate curvature ductility for concrete elements under explosive loads (high strain-rates) has been proposed.
Calculation on the Vertical Cracking Load of Adaptive-Slit Shear Walls
Authors: Chu Ming Jin , Zhang Yufeng , Sun Zhi Juan
Published: June 2012

Experimental studies showed that vertical cracks appeared along the cold-formed steel or the steel sheet on the adaptive-slit shear walls when the wall was subjected to horizontal earthquake loading, and the adaptive-slit shear wall experienced the loading process from the whole wall section to the slitted wall section. So the appearance and development of the vertical cracks can reflect the seismic behavior of adaptive-slit shear walls. According to the mechanical characteristics of the adaptive-slit shear walls, this paper proposed a method to calculate the cracking load. It is found that the calculated results has a good agreement with the experimental results.
Applying Condition of Kirsch’s Stress Solution for Plate with Central Hole in the Engineering
Authors: Su Shao Qing , Che Ya Qi
Published: June 2012

The stress concentration around a hole in an infinite plate is discussed in elasticity. However, the problem that how large of a plate can be considered as an infinite plate does not be solved still in engineering. Based on the analysis of prerequisite of Kirch’s solution in the rectangular coordinates, two indicators defined as dimensionless stresses are proposed to determine the application range of Kirch’s stress solution. In relation to the diameter of the central hole, several minimum coefficients of the dimension of the plate are obtained and discussed. These coefficients are useful to engineers.