bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Act It Out! Using Simulations for Professional Development to Build Cultural Responsivity
Authors: Campbell Denisha
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

This tutorial aims to outline a simulation-based professional development (PD) model that can be used to help support speech-language pathologists and educators to better support their students whose cultural and linguistic background differs from their own.

Method:

In this tutorial, readers will learn the components of an effective PD and the value of using simulations for a PD centered on cultural and linguistic diversity, and they will be given a model of a simulation PD. Sample scripts, goals, and excerpts from educators that participated in the model PD are also included for reference.

Implications:

This tutorial has clinical utility for aiding professionals, school districts, and other relevant stakeholders to incorporate a framework based on an integration of evidence-based research and anecdotal evidence. Following the model outlined in this tutorial may be useful for supporting therapists to better support the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse students.
Weighted sparse Bayesian method for direction of arrival estimation based on grid fission
Authors: Wei Shuang , Lu Jiyu
Published: April 2023

An off‐grid weighted sparse Bayesian learning algorithm based on grid fission for direction of arrival estimation is proposed. The existing grid fission algorithms can use fewer grid points with variant intervals to estimate the true DOAs. However, their learning processes are based on the traditional sparse Bayesian algorithm, which only assigns the same prior distribution assumption to the signals on all grids, but ignores the difference of signal distribution of different grid points. It will result in inaccurate fission location and fission direction because of the insufficient resolution of the spatial spectrum, reducing the estimation accuracy. Moreover, the fission strategy will cost much computation time due to the increase of grid points. To solve these problems, the proposed algorithm utilises the orthogonality of signal subspace and noise subspace to design the weights for prior signal distribution assumption, making the peaks of spatial spectrum more pronounced and easy to distinguish, using more accurate estimated DOAs and off‐grid parameter to determine the fission location and direction. In addition, the fission process deletes redundant grid points to simplify calculations. Compared with the existing grid fission algorithms, the proposed method has superior performance in estimation accuracy and computational time.
The Carnegie Supernova Project I
Authors: Holmbo S. , Stritzinger M. D. , Karamehmetoglu E. , Burns C. R. , Morrell N. , Ashall C. , Hsiao E. Y. , Galbany L. , Folatelli G. , Phillips M. M. , Baron E. , Gutiérrez C. P. , Leloudas G. , Müller-Bravo T. E. , Hoeflich P. , Taddia F. , Suntzeff N. B.
Published: April 2023

An analysis leveraging 170 optical spectra of 35 stripped-envelope (SE) core-collapse supernovae (SNe) observed by the Carnegie Supernova Project I and published in a companion paper is presented. Mean template spectra were constructed for the SNe IIb, Ib, and Ic subtypes, and parent ions associated with designated spectral features are identified with the aid of the spectral synthesis code SYNAPPS. Our modeled mean spectra suggest the ∼6150 Å feature in SNe IIb may have an underlying contribution due to silicon, while the same feature in some SNe Ib may have an underlying contribution due to hydrogen. Standard spectral line diagnostics consisting of pseudo-equivalent widths (pEWs) and blue-shifted Doppler velocity were measured for each of the spectral features. Correlation matrices and rolling mean values of both spectral diagnostics were constructed. A principle component analysis (PCA) was applied to various wavelength ranges of the entire dataset and suggests clear separation among the different SE SN subtypes, which follows from trends previously identified in the literature. In addition, our findings reveal the presence of two SNe IIb subtypes, a select number of SNe Ib displaying signatures of weak, high-velocity hydrogen, and a single SN Ic with evidence of weak helium features. Our PCA results can be leveraged to obtain robust subtyping of SE SNe based on a single spectrum taken during the so-called photospheric phase, separating SNe IIb from SNe Ib with ∼80% completion.
Modelling of Hydraulic Dynamics in Sludge Treatment Reed Beds with Moving Boundary Condition
Authors: Huong Yu Zhe , Tan Yee Yong , Tang Fu Ee , Agus Saptoro
Published: April 2023

The conventional method of simulation using fixed mesh method (FMM) of discretization is a well-known and trusted procedure in modelling hydraulic dynamics. However, new ideas of innovation in modelling should be advanced. The moving mesh method (MMM) has been considered as a novel approach in modelling hydraulic dynamics after depending on the existing simulation model for decades. The MMM is capable of describing the moving boundary condition of an actual wetland system due to water ponding. An idealized model should be able to simulate the actual hydraulic flows through the system with the corresponding porosity. Hence, a combination of MMM and FMM (MM-FMM) of discretization for hydraulic dynamics is studied in this project to model the flux with respect to water ponding scenario in a sludge treatment reed bed and unsaturated transient flow within the bed. Such method has evidently proved to simulate the actual hydraulic flows in contrast to conventional method. The application of MMM limits the maximum flux to keep within its saturated conductivity, thus reduces the effect of flow overprediction. Subsequently, the simulated results for hydraulic head and moisture content can be predicted for actual condition of different cases according to their respective fluxes.
Multi-level Signal Decomposition for Power Quality Disturbance Classification
Authors: Chiam Dar Hung , Lim King Hann , Law Kah Haw
Published: April 2023

The introduction of electric vehicles impose large disturbance to the grid-level power signal due to the charging and discharging mechanism. Power signal monitoring in the electrical grid can provide several insights such as power quality disturbance detection, major power consumption area, peak power usage period, and their potential catastrophic failure conditions. As for preventive maintenance purpose, automatic classification of power quality disturbance using a hybrid method incorporating wavelet transform and deep LSTM network is proposed in this paper. Multi-level signal decomposition is applied to input signal to increase the resolution of input decomposing into multiple frequency bands. Subsequently, these multi-level frequency components are fed into deep LSTM layer to further extract useful higher order latent feature. Classification performance of the proposed wavelet-based LSTM (WTLSTM) network is bench-marked with deep LSTM method. Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) with signal-to-noise (SNR) levels between 20-50dB are inserted during the training process to increase the generalization of signal learning with the realistic scenarios. The classification performance of both WT-LSTM and Deep LSTM networks are tested with 20,30,40,50dB SNR AWGN and noiseless conditions. As a result, the WT-LSTM network obtains an overall classification performance of 89.77% on 20dB and 99.21% on noiseless condition as compared to Deep LSTM, with 88.48% and 98.54% respectively.
Board Capital and Firm Performance
Authors: Chong  , Jennifer Lai Yee , Jong  , Ling  , Yap  , Seng Ching
Published: April 2023

This study examines the influence of board capital on firm performance. Annual reports are used as the main sources for data collection. This study finds that firm performance decreases with gender diversity. Next, the interlocking directorate is not associated with firm performance. The findings would be useful to Malaysian policy-makers in deliberating the board’s role as a governance mechanism in strengthening the board structure. The results suggest selecting a director with relevant knowledge and perspective rather than simply meeting the number of board seats.
Analyzing factors influencing global precious metal markets: A feature selection study
Authors: Stephanie Stephanie , Rengasamy Dhanuskodi , Nandong Jobrun , Brennan Andrew , Juwono Filbert H.
Published: April 2023

Precious metals are valuable commodities providing superior protection against risky financial exposure. Identifying factors influencing the market is crucial for anticipating changes. Forecast applications utilize stochastic models capable of learning from historical data to project future values. The dataset is a vital component for prediction tools since all estimations begin with constructing the appropriate information. Detecting the association between input and output is essential to filter data, as including unrelated variables could destabilize the response. Feature selection considers removing uncorrelated attributes before incorporating them as inputs to the predictor. This study employs three regression-based algorithms to examine 58 precious assets from gold, silver, platinum, and palladium markets against several variables cited in the literature. Relationships were detected using regressive feature selection methods, known as least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), ridge, and elastic net (EN). Results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms achieved satisfactory performance on 42 assets, justified through a reliable fit and acceptable error. The remaining 16 assets exhibited large deviations with considerably poor regression quality, indicating considerable nonlinearity. Attributes were selected with a detailed emphasis on those exerting the most substantial impact on a particular metal. Based on computational analysis, most investments are susceptible to macroeconomic factors. Some assets may present hedging capabilities towards key features, including stock index, exchange rates, and bond yield. An assessment of common variables among each metal revealed that real GDP growth and interest rates are vital indicators for the precious metal market. Overall, the simulation outcomes show no consistent commonalities amongst attributes within the same asset class in a country. Feature selection from this research offers necessary information regarding time-series dynamics, serving as a basis to project trends. The filtered dataset is expected to enhance the reliability of nonlinear predictive algorithms by removing inaccurate correlations to lower computational load. Furthermore, the outcome provides information regarding correlations affecting global precious metal investments over five-year period. These discussions are necessary for investors considering such commodities as potential portfolio diversifiers.
Die Behandlung von Handproblemen mit der Sympathikus-Therapie
Authors: Heesch Dieter , Oberhofer Andrea
Published: April 2023

Der Sympathikus ist nicht nur ein „Einflussfaktor“ für Pathologien der Hand: Er kann auch selbst eine Störung aufweisen, die sich dann auf unterschiedliche Weise im Bereich der oberen Extremität zeigt. Liegt eine solche Störung vor, kann die Sympathikus-Therapie Abhilfe schaffen.
Geschlechterspezifische Effekte in der bewegungstherapeutischen
Behandlung von hämodynamischen Regulationsstörungen bei Morbus
Parkinson
Authors: Siche-Pantel Franziska , Jakobsmeyer Rasmus , Buschfort Rüdiger , Mühlenberg Manfred , Michels Heinke , Oesterschlink Julian , Reinsberger Claus
Published: April 2023

Einleitung Motorische Symptome bei Morbus Parkinson lassen sich durch
körperliche Aktivität modifizieren. Inwiefern dies auch
für nicht-motorische, autonome Symptome gilt, ist weitaus weniger
bekannt. Die Erkrankung weist zudem eine Vielzahl an geschlechterspezifischen
Unterschieden auf. Epidemiologische Untersuchungen deuten zum Beispiel auf einen
besseren primärpräventiven Effekt durch körperliche
Aktivität bei Männern als bei Frauen hin. Daten zu
geschlechterspezifischen Effekten auf das autonome Nervensystem sind jedoch
limitiert. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Pilotstudie sollen mögliche
geschlechterspezifische Effekte einer Bewegungsintervention auf
Störungen der hämodynamischen Regulation als Manifestation
nicht-motorischer Symptome untersucht werden. Diese sind aufgrund ihrer oft
gegensätzlichen hypo- und hypertonen Ausprägung schwierig
medikamentös zu behandeln, lassen sich aber gegebenenfalls durch
Bewegungsinterventionen modifizieren.

Methodik Bei 42 Patienten und Patientinnen (Alter: 70,3 Jahre; 24
Männer; 18 Frauen) wurden vor und nach einer mehrwöchigen,
stationären Parkinsonkomplexbehandlung hämodynamische Parameter
in einem Schellongtest untersucht. Mittels anschließender
Regressionsanalyse erfolgte eine Quantifizierung der Abhängigkeit von
den Faktoren Alter, Body Mass Index, Krankheitsdauer, Vorerkrankungen,
Sitzendblutdruck und hypotensiv wirkender Medikamente.

Ergebnis Bei 44% der Männer und 46% der Frauen
traten hämodynamische Regulationsstörungen im Stand und in
Rückenlage mindestens einmal auf. Eine vor Therapiebeginn
präsentierte Regulationsstörung im Stand zeigte sich in keiner
Geschlechtergruppe durch die Parkinsonkomplexbehandlung verändert.
Frauen zeigten zu Therapieende jedoch einen signifikant niedrigeren Blutdruck im
Liegen (p=0,022*). Unabhängig von der Komplextherapie
fiel der Blutdruck in Rückenlage bei Frauen nach Orthostasebelastung
höher aus als davor (vor Therapie: p=0,015 *;
nach Therapie: p=0,021*). Jedes Lebensjahr erhöhte das
Risiko für eine hämodynamische Regulationsstörung in
Rückenlage in der Gesamtgruppe um 12,4% (Regressionskoeffizient
B=0,117; p=0,014 *; Exp(B)=1,124).

Schlussfolgerung Systematische Effekte auf Blutdruckwerte im Rahmen von
Orthostasereaktionen durch eine Parkinsonkomplexbehandlung konnten nicht
nachgewiesen werden. Allerdings zeigte sich bei Frauen nach
Parkinsonkomplexbehandlung eine Senkung der Blutdruckwerte in
Rückenlage. Das scheinbar unsystematische, teils geschlechterspezifische
Auftreten hämodynamischer Regulationsstörungen fordert ein
individualmedizinisch angelegtes Vorgehen im therapeutischen Alltag.
Adipositas in der Rehabilitation
Authors: Metzler Michael
Published: April 2023

Das Thema Ernährung ist angesichts der Entwicklung der Adipositas kein Verpflegungsthema, sondern eine Herausforderung, präventive Konzepte zur Förderung von Gesundheitskompetenzen im Alltag der beruflichen Bildung zu etablieren. Für eine Nachhaltigkeit in der beruflichen Förderung ergeben sich Hinweise, dass eine nach ICF ausgerichtete Förderung von Kompetenzen von Bedeutung ist. Wie lassen sich Konzepte zur Förderung von Gesundheitskompetenzen im Alltag der beruflichen Bildung etablieren? Literaturanalyse und Stichprobenerhebungen der Adipositas im BFW, Untersuchungen in den Berufsförderungswerken hierzu gab es bisher nicht. Die aktive Gestaltung einer längerfristigen Prävention über die gesamte Dauer eines Qualifizierungszeitraumes kann ein wichtiger gesellschafts- und arbeitsmarktrelevanter Faktor werden, sofern ihm ein erhöhter Stellenwert zugebilligt wird. Es gilt, die BFW-Konzepte durch eine bedarfsgerechte, aber auch umsetzbare Ernährungsstrategien zu unterstützen. Fazit für die Praxis: Der Prävention sollte in der beruflichen Rehabilitation ein erhöhter Stellenwert zugebilligt werden. Es gilt, die BFW-Konzepte durch eine bedarfsgerechte, aber auch umsetzbare Ernährungsstrategien zu unterstützen.
Individuelle Behandlung bei Glaukompatienten mit einem Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lübke Jan
Published: April 2023

Das Glaukom und der Diabetes mellitus sind zwei in Europa und weltweit häufig vorkommende chronische Erkrankungen, die einer intensiven Therapie bedürfen. Pathophysiologisch werden verschiedene Mechanismen diskutiert, die vor allem beim Vorliegen eines Diabetes mellitus die Entstehung eines Glaukoms begünstigen. Die medikamentöse und chirurgische Einstellung des Augeninnendruckes ist bei Patienten mit einem Diabetes mellitus mit einigen Einschränkungen verbunden, so zeigen die filtrierenden Eingriffe geringere Erfolgsraten als bei nicht an Diabetes erkrankten Glaukompatienten. Neben der rein augenheilkundlich-endokrinologischen Therapie sollte ebenfalls die psychologische Belastung durch zwei chronische Erkrankungen bedacht und in den individuellen Therapieplan aufgenommen werden.
Liver Anatomy and Cross-Sectional Imaging Techniques: A Practical Approach
Authors: Garde Parul Samir , Bhute Rahul Bhagwan
Published: April 2023

In the past decade or two, there has been a significant change in the epidemiology of liver diseases, such as rise in the incidence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, good control of viral load in hepatitis B and C related liver diseases, and revolutionary changes in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hence, monitoring of these diseases warrants effective noninvasive imaging techniques. Besides, organ transplantation has evolved to play a major role in the treatment of chronic liver diseases and acute liver failures. With the advent of better technology and new imaging sequences in cross-sectional imaging, there has been a dramatic change in the arena of liver imaging. Knowledge of these imaging modalities and effective application of the existing and new imaging techniques is essential to meet these changing clinical needs. This article aims at revisiting the liver anatomy from a practical stand point and touches upon the key cross-sectional imaging techniques of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging with recent advances.
Psychological capabilities for salespeople’s sustainable work performance in financial services sector
Authors: Ewe Soo Yeong , Ho Helen Hui Ping
Published: April 2023

The present study investigated the importance of psychological capabilities to support financial product salespeople in overcoming challenges and sustaining motivation and work performance during and after COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, this study suggests useful ways to develop the psychological capabilities. By using an interpretive phenomenological approach as the methodology, twenty financial product salespeople have been interviewed. The findings reveal that positive mindset, belief-in-oneself and not-giving-up are crucial psychological capabilities for salespeople’s sustainable work performance. These psychological capabilities match with the elements in the Psychological Capital Model. Positive mindset is associated with hope and optimism; belief-in-oneself is associated with self-efficacy, and not-giving-up is associated with resilience. The study also found approaches that help develop these psychological elements, including being proactive in seeking help and guidance, setting personal goal, and continuous learning. The findings contribute to the financial services and sales literature by providing a better understanding of how psychological capabilities help motivate financial product salespeople toward positive and sustainable work outcomes, and the ways to develop the psychological capabilities.
The Sentinel Bait Station: an automated, intelligent design pest animal baiting system
Authors: Charlton G. , Falzon G. , Shepley A. , Fleming P. J. S. , Ballard G. , Meek P. D.
Published: April 2023

Context Ground baiting is a strategic method for reducing vertebrate pest populations. Best practice involves maximising bait availability to the target species, although sustaining this availability is resource intensive because baits need to be replaced each time they are taken. This study focused on improving pest population management through the novel baiting technique outlined in this manuscript, although there is potential use across other species and applications (e.g. disease management). Aims To develop and test an automated, intelligent, and semi-permanent, multi-bait dispenser that detects target species before distributing baits and provides another bait when a target species revisits the site. Methods We designed and field tested the Sentinel Bait Station, which comprises a camera trap with in-built species-recognition capacity, wireless communication and a dispenser with the capacity for five baits. A proof-of-concept prototype was developed and validated via laboratory simulation with images collected by the camera. The prototype was then evaluated in the field under real-world conditions with wild-living canids, using non-toxic baits. Key results Field testing achieved 19 automatically offered baits with seven bait removals by canids. The underlying image recognition algorithm yielded an accuracy of 90%, precision of 83%, sensitivity of 68% and a specificity of 96% throughout field testing. The response time of the system, from the point of motion detection (within 6–10 m and the field-of-view of the camera) to a bait being offered to a target species, was 9.81 ± 2.63 s. Conclusion The Sentinel Bait Station was able to distinguish target species from non-target species. Consequently, baits were successfully deployed to target species and withheld from non-target species. Therefore, this proof-of-concept device is able to successfully provide baits to successive targets from secure on-board storage, thereby overcoming the need for daily bait replacement. Implications The proof-of-concept Sentinel Bait Station design, together with the findings and observations from field trials, confirmed the system can deliver multiple baits and increase the specificity in which baits are presented to the target species using artificial intelligence. With further refinement and operational field trials, this device will provide another tool for practitioners to utilise in pest management programs.
Gravito-electromagnetic fields and superconductors in a regime of weak static gravitational field
Authors: Das D K , Panda S , Das Salila
Published: April 2023

A Deeper interweaving of different scientific areas has always proven to be a powerful tool for improving our understanding of several fascinating physical aspects of the world. For example, researchers worldwide have investigated the intriguing existence of the interaction between gravity and superconductivity in recent decades, owing to its enormous conceptual implications and various potential applications. Different theories using various approaches and techniques have been proposed to predict these interactions. To study the anomalous couplings between the super condensate and local gravitational field, we provide a detailed calculation of the thermodynamic properties and coherence length on behalf of the gravitational wave vector. In addition, this study provides a framework for calculating the gravitational penetration depth compared with the electromagnetic (E.M.) penetration depth. Furthermore, we demonstrate macroscopic quantum interference events by applying the Josephson effect using a superconducting quantum interface device (SQUID) link. Finally, similar to other calculations, we demonstrate how the quantum of the gravity flux is used to manage a sinusoidally oscillating current. This phenomenon will help future researchers study the effects of gravitational perturbation on supercurrents and super-condensates, and the latter could be used as ‘gravitational antennas’ for gravitational wave detection.
Neutron stars in modified teleparallel gravity
Authors: Vilhena S.G. , Duarte S.B. , Dutra M. , Pompeia P.J.
Published: April 2023

We investigate compact objects in modified teleparallel gravity with realistic equations
of state. We propose a modification of Teleparallel Equivalent to General Relativity, then an
appropriate tetrad is applied to the field equations. A specific set of relations showing an
equivalency between our gravitational model and the New General Relativity is found. The
conservation equation implies that our Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations are presented with an
effective gravitational coupling constant. Numerical analysis using realistic equations of state
is made, and the behavior of mass, radius, and the relation mass-radius as functions of a free
parameter of our model is also investigated.
Circuit quantum electrodynamics with a quadruple quantum dot
Authors: Lin Ting , Li Hai-Ou , Cao Gang , Guo Guo-Ping
Published: April 2023

In this theoretical work, we describe a mechanism for the coupling between a plane structure consisting of four quantum dots and a resonator. We systematically study the dependence of the quadruple coupling strength and the qubit decoherence rate and point out the optimized operating position of the hybrid system. According to the transmission given by the input–output theory, the signatures in the resonator spectrum are predicted. Furthermore, based on the parameters already achieved in previous works, we prove that the device described in this paper can achieve the strong coupling limit, i.e., this approach can be used for system extension under the existing technical conditions. Our results show an effective and promotable approach to couple quantum dot structures in plane with the resonator and propose a meaningful extension method.
The Study of Helium Variations in Star Clusters Using China Space Station Telescope
Authors: Ji Xin , Deng Licai , Chen Yang , Li Chengyuan , Liu Chao
Published: April 2023

The China Space Station Telescope (CSST) is a 2 m space-based optical-UV telescope. Its primary goal is to carry out a high-resolution photometric imaging survey of a 17,500 square degree sky area using the on board Survey Camera. With its wide field of view (1.1 square degrees) and a mosaic imager containing 640 million pixels, studying the different populations of stars within star clusters is highly feasible. The aim of this study is to assess the CSST’s ability to distinguish between stellar populations with varying helium abundance levels, with the help of Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics. The results of the CSST’s photometry for these different populations are presented by transferring the models into the CSST Survey Camera photometric system. The findings confirm that helium-enriched stellar populations will have unique patterns in the color–magnitude diagrams under the CSST photometric system, compared to normal stellar populations. The CSST, with its filters and wide field of view of the Survey Camera, provides a new avenue for the study of multiple populations in star clusters.
Calibration model averaging in chemical analysis: a case study for the method of standard additions
Authors: Pagliano Enea , Meija Juris
Published: April 2023

In this study we demonstrate that the method of standard additions can provide unreliable results in chemical analysis when the linear calibration model is forced to fit the data. A well designed standard addition experiment can still yield results biased by 10% when the analyst relies only on the linear model. Recently, the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (GUM-6) has emphasized the need to address the uncertainty inherent to the choice of measurement models and here we show how model averaging can provide a practical way to account for model uncertainty in the method of standard additions.
Evaluation method of the turbine impeller imbalance based on the headroom analysis
Authors: Ma Sixiang , Chang Feng , Zhang Feng , Yang Meng , Li Jian
Published: April 2023

Impeller imbalance is an unavoidable problem in the process of the operation of wind turbines, and it often has a serious impact on the safety and stability of wind turbines, thus shortening their life cycle. Aiming at the current problems, such as high cost and instability caused by the impeller imbalance in wind turbines, this paper proposes an assessment method for impeller imbalance in wind turbines based on image processing and headroom analysis. Firstly, the deep-learning image-processing technology is used to convert the video monitoring data into numerical data, and then the comprehensive imbalance index of the three blades based on the numerical data is calculated, so as to determine if an impeller imbalance problem exists or not. The proposed method was validated with the operation data of wind turbines in field and good results were achieved.
Effect of Different Droplet Impinging Models on Oil Film Formation of Diesel Engine’s Piston
Authors: Feng Shiquan , Xu Zengtian , Li Changqing , Wu Beibei , Yao Jia
Published: April 2023

After diesel fuel injection, when spray droplets in the air hit the wall, four types of impingement states will be formed: stick, rebound, spread, and splash. There are already many models describing the impingement of droplets on the wall. In order to analyze the impact of the droplet-wall model on the formation of oil film, this paper constructed a three-dimensional model of the diesel combustion in engine’s cylinder. The main part of the model was the simulation of the diesel fuel injection process, and different droplet collision models were used to calculate their influence on oil film formation of engine’s piston.
Research on Photovoltaic Power Prediction Based on BP Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Bozhi , Wei Zirui , Li Shunjie , Zhou Lixia
Published: April 2023

The output power of photovoltaic (PV) power plant is influenced by the fluctuation of meteorological conditions, which, coupled with the intermittent nature of the power output, has raised concerns about the stability of power grid. According to the variations in meteorological conditions, PV power prediction technology can predict the PV output power in advance to decrease the influence of PV power generation on the stable operation of the power grid. In this paper, the PV power prediction model is built on Matlab simulation software with a BP neural network algorithm. After that, the power prediction calculation of a PV power station is carried out under the operation conditions of sunny and cloudy days. The results show that, in the periods of prediction, the power curve of the predicted value is close to the power curve of the real value, which demonstrates the great accuracy of the BP prediction model established in this paper.
Study of Site-specific Wind Turbine Residual Life based on Uncertainty Analysis
Authors: Zhang Haochen , Zhang Xingang , Feng Jiangzhe , Ren Huaihui
Published: April 2023

This paper investigated whether wind turbines have a residual life to ensure their continued safe and reliable operation after 20 years of design life. A modeling method for the load simulation of the wind turbine with a lack of design documents was proposed. A method for calculating the residual life of wind turbines based on site-specific load comparison analysis and uncertainty analysis was established. This method was applied to evaluate the residual life of 66 600 kW wind turbines at an old wind farm in northwest China. The equivalent loads of the turbine components were calculated under design conditions and actual operating conditions, and the residual lives of the turbine components were further evaluated by uncertainty analysis. The results showed that all components of these wind turbines had a residual life after operating over their 20-year design lives, and the wind farm could continue operating for at least 4.6 years.
Design of Lead Hybrid Halide Perovskite for Solar Cells
Authors: Ma Zi-Qian , Zhu Xiuli , Wang Chuanhui
Published: April 2023

Hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites solar cells have attracted extensive interest because of their outstanding properties, including an optimal band gap, high carrier mobility, and excellent optoelectronic merits. We study the electronic and crystal structural properties of hybrid organic-inorganic halide APbX3 (A = Cs, methylammonium (MA), formamidinium (FA), X = I, Br) perovskites using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. We find that halide atoms and A-site cations strongly affect their structural and electronic properties. The radius of a halide atom and the size of an organic molecule determine their lattice parameters and bond length. A relatively large halide atom can increase the value of the lattice parameters (a and b). Meanwhile, the electronic properties (band gap & carrier effective mass) of the Pb-based hybrid halide APbX3 can be effectively modified by adopting appropriate A- and X-site atoms or organic sections. We predict that HOIPs may have outstanding potential in solar light harvesting with promoted power conversion efficiency due to a tunable band gap and excellent electronic properties.
Vaccination strategies in structured populations under partial immunity and reinfection
Authors: Rodriguez-Maroto Gabriel , Atienza-Diez Iker , Ares Saúl , Manrubia Susanna
Published: April 2023

Optimal protocols of vaccine administration to minimize the effects of infectious diseases depend on a number of variables that admit different degrees of control. Examples include the characteristics of the disease and how it impacts on different groups of individuals as a function of sex, age or socioeconomic status, its transmission mode, or the demographic structure of the affected population. Here we introduce a compartmental model of infection propagation with vaccination and reinfection and analyze the effect that variations on the rates of these two processes have on the progression of the disease and on the number of fatalities. The population is split into two groups to highlight the overall effects on disease caused by different relationships between vaccine administration and various demographic structures. As a practical example, we study COVID-19 dynamics in various countries using real demographic data. The model can be easily applied to any other disease transmitted through direct interaction between infected and susceptible individuals, and any demographic structure, through a suitable estimation of parameter values. Two main conclusions stand out. First, the higher the fraction of reinfected individuals, the higher the likelihood that the disease becomes quasi-endemic. Second, optimal vaccine roll-out depends on demographic structure and disease fatality, so there is no unique vaccination protocol, valid for all countries, that minimizes the effects of a specific disease. Simulations of the general model can be carried out at this interactive webpage Atienza (2021 S2iyrd model simulator).
Second root of dilute Bose-Fermi mixtures
Authors: Hryhorchak O , Pastukhov V
Published: April 2023

We discuss an equilibrium mean-field properties of mixtures consisting of bosons and spin-polarized fermionic atoms with a point-like interaction in an arbitrary dimension

2
<
d
<
4

. Particularly, besides the standard weak-coupling limit of the system with slightly depleted Bose condensate and almost ideal Fermi gas, we discuss the (meta)stable phase with dimers composed exactly of one boson and one fermion. The peculiarities of the fermion-dimer and the boson-dimer three-body effective interactions and their impact on the thermodynamic stability of the dilute Bose-Fermi mixtures are elucidated.
Interdisciplinary Expansion and the History of Education in Sweden
Authors: Westberg Johannes
Published: April 2023

The field of the history of education in Sweden has distinct features, yet also shares common characteristics with the history of education in other countries. As elsewhere, it has developed from being a field mainly occupied by schoolmen in the early 20th century to a research field firmly entrenched in the humanities and social sciences from the 1960s and onward. Like in other countries, the topics and theoretical frameworks have multiplied, making the history of education into a broad field of research. There are, however, several features that stand out in an international context. Most important, the history of education in Sweden has expanded in terms of active researchers and output since the early 2000s due to the favorable conditions in Swedish higher education presented in this article. It has also never developed into a discipline of its own but instead has remained multidisciplinary, with a strong base in the disciplines of education and history. As a result, the history of education in Sweden has remained quite independent from the international field. While it is certainly possible to identify the impact of various international trends, including those of the new cultural history of education, the history of education in Sweden is marked by the disciplines that it is part of. From this follows that this national field is less determined by international associations, conferences and journals, and the so-called turns that one might identify in these. Instead, it is the Swedish context of educational research, Swedish curriculum theory, social history, economic history, history education, sociology of education, and child studies that provide the history of education in Sweden with a character of its own—that is, a field with research groups, conferences, workshops, and a journal that encompasses several research fields.
Rajput Kingship
Authors: Moran Arik
Published: April 2023

The term Rajput kingship designates the sociocultural ideals and practices that inform sovereignty among the erstwhile kingdoms of northern India. Originating from the mixture of South Asian peasant societies and Central Asian invaders in the second half of the 1st millennium ce, the Rajputs (literally, “sons of kings”) propagated a composite image of sovereignty that conjoined the autochthonous beliefs of agro-pastoralists with Brahmanical (Sanskritic) mores. By the early modern era, Rajput kingship came to be embodied in the image of the heroic warrior-king. This ideal manifested in martial valor, attachment to territory, fidelity to kin and allies, and was epitomized through the notion of self-sacrifice. Having played an integral part in the administration of the Mughal Empire, Rajput rulers adopted additional tastes and customs from the Persian cosmopolis. The consolidation of Rajput kingship in the modern era saw the assimilation of local rulers into the framework of the British Indian Empire as autonomous subjects, becoming the emblematic icons of Indian kingship familiar today.
Beyond Motivations: A Qualitative Pilot Exploration of Women's Experiences Prior to Labiaplasty
Authors: Sharp Gemma , Draganidis Adriana , Hamori Christine , Oates Jayson , Fernando Anne Nileshni
Published: April 2023

Background

The demand for labiaplasty has increased rapidly over the last 10 to 15 years. Women's reasons for pursuing the procedure have been thoroughly documented in the literature, but other preoperative aspects are less well defined. These include women's expected outcomes, concerns about having the surgery, and the impacts of support from others in their personal lives as well as their treating team.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to explore women's preoperative labiaplasty experiences, particularly expectations, concerns, and interpersonal support.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were completed with 15 adult women in the United States and Australia who had undergone a labia minora reduction. The women were asked about their motivations for having a labiaplasty, expected outcomes, concerns regarding surgery, and support received from family members, friends, and the treating surgeon. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically.

Results

Two overarching themes with accompanying subthemes emerged from the analyses: (1) “motivations/influences” which included appearance concerns, physical discomfort, negative impacts on self-confidence, and negative experiences with partners and/or peers; and (2) “perceptions approaching labiaplasty procedure” where women reported concerns about recovery duration and impacts on sexual sensation as well as expectations for their postoperative vulvar appearance to be “neat,” “tidy,” and “natural.” In addition, the women stated that they felt well supported by their surgeons prior to the procedure, but some felt too embarrassed to seek support from family members and friends.

Conclusions

These new insights into women's preoperative experiences may assist clinical teams in enhancing their support and education of women seeking labiaplasty.

Level of Evidence: 4
A comprehensive assessment and comparison of tools for HLA class I peptide-binding prediction
Authors: Wang Meng , Kurgan Lukasz , Li Min
Published: April 2023

Human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules bind intracellular peptides produced by protein hydrolysis and present them to the T cells for immune recognition and response. Prediction of peptides that bind HLA-I molecules is very important in immunotherapy. A growing number of computational predictors have been developed in recent years. We survey a comprehensive collection of 27 tools focusing on their input and output data characteristics, key aspects of the underlying predictive models and their availability. Moreover, we evaluate predictive performance for eight representative predictors. We consider a wide spectrum of relevant aspects including allele-specific analysis, influence of negative to positive data ratios and runtime. We also curate high-quality benchmark datasets based on analysis of the consistency of the data labels. Results reveal that each considered method provides accurate results, which can be explained by our analysis that finds that their predictive models capture meaningful binding motifs. Although some methods are overall more accurate than others, we find that none of them is universally superior. We provide a comprehensive comparison of the convenience as well as the accuracy of the methods under specific prediction scenarios, such as for specific alleles, metrics of predictive performance and constraints on runtime. Our systematic and broad analysis provides informative clues to the users to identify the most suitable tools for a given prediction scenario and for the developers to design future methods.
HMMerge: an ensemble method for multiple sequence alignment
Authors: Park Minhyuk , Warnow Tandy
Published: April 2023

Motivation

Despite advances in method development for multiple sequence alignment over the last several decades, the alignment of datasets exhibiting substantial sequence length heterogeneity, especially when the input sequences include very short sequences (either as a result of sequencing technologies or of large deletions during evolution) remains an inadequately solved problem.

Results

We present HMMerge, a method to compute an alignment of datasets exhibiting high sequence length heterogeneity, or to add short sequences into a given ‘backbone’ alignment. HMMerge builds on the technique from its predecessor alignment methods, UPP and WITCH, which build an ensemble of profile HMMs to represent the backbone alignment and add the remaining sequences into the backbone alignment using the ensemble. HMMerge differs from UPP and WITCH by building a new ‘merged’ HMM from the ensemble, and then using that merged HMM to align the query sequences. We show that HMMerge is competitive with WITCH, with an advantage over WITCH when adding very short sequences into backbone alignments.

Availability and implementation

HMMerge is freely available at https://github.com/MinhyukPark/HMMerge.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
CurSa: scripts to curate metadata and sample genomes from GISAID for analysis and display in nextstrain and microreact
Authors: Delaye Luis
Published: April 2023

The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the most sequenced pathogen ever, with several million genome copies deposited in the GISAID database. This large amount of genomic information poses non-trivial bioinformatic challenges for those interested in studying the evolution of SARS-CoV-2. One common problem when studying the phylogeny of the coronavirus in its geographical context is to count with accurate information of the location of the samples. However, this information is filled by hand by research groups all over the world and sometimes typos and inconsistencies are introduced in the metadata when submitting the sequences to GISAID. Correcting these errors is laborious and time-consuming. Here, we provide a suite of Perl scripts designated to facilitate the curation of this vital information and perform a random sampling of genome sequences if necessary. The scripts provided here can be used to curate geographic information in the metadata and sample the sequences from any country of interest to ease the preparation of files for Nextstrain and Microreact, thus accelerating evolutionary studies of this important pathogen. CurSa scripts are accessible via: https://github.com/luisdelaye/CurSa/.
A novel echocardiographic risk score for light-chain amyloidosis
Authors: Geenty Paul , Sivapathan Shanthosh , Stefani Luke D , Zada Matthew , Boyd Anita , Richards David , Kwok Fiona , Thomas Liza
Published: April 2023

Aims

The prognosis of light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, a plasma cell dyscrasia, is largely determined by the presence of cardiac involvement. Conventional staging is achieved using cardiac biomarkers (high-sensitivity troponin, N-terminal pro-beta natriuretic peptide) and free light-chain difference (Mayo staging). We sought to evaluate the role of echocardiographic parameters as prognostic markers in AL amyloidosis and examine their utility compared with conventional staging.

Methods and results

Seventy-five consecutive patients with AL amyloidosis reviewed at a referral amyloid clinic who underwent comprehensive echocardiographic assessment were retrospectively identified. The evaluated echocardiographic parameters included left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, mass, diastolic function parameters, global longitudinal strain (GLS), and left atrial (LA) volume. Mortality was assessed through a review of clinical records. During a median follow-up of 51 months, 29/75 (39%) patients died. Patients who died had a larger LA volume (47 ± 12 vs. 35 ± 10 mL/m2, P < 0.001) and a higher E/e′ (18 ± 10 vs. 14 ± 6, P = 0.026). Univariate clinical and echocardiographic predictors of survival included LA volume, E/e′, e′, LVGLS, and Mayo stage (at significance of P < 0.1). Left atrial volume and LVGLS were significant determinants of mortality when examined using clinical cut-offs, although E/e′ was not. A composite echocardiographic risk score comprising LA volume and LVGLS provided similar prognostic performance to Mayo stage [area under the curve (AUC) 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64–0.85 vs. AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.65–0.858, P = 0.91].

Conclusion

Left atrial volume and LVGLS were independent predictors of mortality in AL amyloidosis. A composite echocardiographic score combining LA volume and LVGLS has similar prognostic power to Mayo stage for all-cause mortality.