bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Docking and Pharmacophore Analysis of Compounds from Ginger (Zingiber officinale) as Inhibitor for Dengue DEN2 NS2B/NS3 Serine Protease
Authors: Frimayanti Neni , Mora Enda , Rindiyani Rindiyani
Published: December 2023

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV). Dengue virus can enter the human body through the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still a serious health problem in Indonesia. The type of dengue virus serotype most commonly found to cause infection in the human body is the DENV-2 serotype. This study aims to determine whether Ginger (Zingiber officinale) isolate compounds have potential as dengue DEN-2 NS2B/NS3 inhibitors. Samples used are compounds with IUPAC names (S)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) octan-3-one (4-gingerol) and (S)-5-hydroxy-1-(3-methoxy-4-methylphenyl) decan-3-one. The method used is molecular docking and Pharmacophore using the MOE (Molecular Operating Environment) 2022.0901 software package. The results obtained based on the observed parameters of the two compounds isolated from ginger (Zingiber officinale) could be estimated as potential dengue DEN2 NS2B/NS3 inhibitors.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF REPRODUCTIVE AND MEAT PERFORMANCE OF THE LOCAL BREED OF POLISH RED CATTLE AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE LIMOUSINE BREED OF POLISH AND FRENCH HERITAGE
Authors:   Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Science, Warsaw, Poland, WIŚNIEWSKI Konrad , KUCZYŃSKA Beata ,   Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Science, Warsaw, Poland
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study was to compare of the reproductive and meat performance of meat breeds, such as the local Polish Red cattle and the Limousine cattle breed, which is dominant in Poland. The examined individuals of the Limousine breed, which were divided into two groups depending on the origin of the parents, the so-called Polish and French. The criterion for assigning the animals to the group of Polish origin was that the tested bulls did not have in their pedigree a descendant of the French line for two generations. Three groups of fatteners with 138 Polish Red bulls and 447 French and 478 Polish Limousin bulls were used to assess meat performance. All animals were kept in an extensive production system, using the pasture at will throughout the year, during the so-called peak season. At the end, they were fed additionally with haylage and concentrated feed. Reproductive parameters (type of calving and viability of calves) were assessed in 348 Polish Limousin cows, 367 French cows and 289 Polish Red cows. Calves were observed and measured throughout their life cycle from birth to slaughter. In the as- sessment of the utility value of meat, reference features were taken into account, e.g. body weight after calving, body weight at 210 and 420 days of age and gains, height at withers and chest circumference, and conformation assessment. The PRC group showed significantly greater ease of calving and vitality of calves compared to both groups of limousines. Calf and adult body weight measurements at 210 and 420 days were significantly higher in French Limousine cattle. Differences in body weight and gain were significant. There was a slight difference in height between Polish and French bulls. Native breed cattle were characterized by very good reproductive parameters and satisfactory meat performance charac- teristics in relation to the use of grassland fodder. Beef producers can be successfully recommended to use Polish Red cattle for meat purposes in an extensive production system.
YIELD COMPONENTS OF SPRING TRITICALE AS AFFECTED BY CULTIVAR AND MULTI-NUTRIENT FERTILISER TYPE AND RATE
Authors:   Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Siedlce, Poland, RZĄŻEWSKA Emilia , GĄSIOROWSKA Barbara ,   Vocational State School of Ignacy Mościcki in Ciechanów, Faculty of Engineering and Economics, Ciechanów, Poland
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted throughout the years 2017–2019 at Borki-Wyrki, Zbuczyn Gmina (commune). The study aimed at determining productive ear number, grain number per ear, grain weight per ear and 1000 grain weight of two spring triticale cultivars according to fertiliser type and rate, the fertiliser being either Polifoska 6 or Polifoska Krzem. The following three experimental factors were investigated in the experiment: the main factor – spring triticale cultivar (Milewo, Dublet), the sub-plot factor – mineral fertiliser type (Polifoska 6, Polifoska Krzem), the sub-sub-plot factor – mineral fertiliser rate (0 kg∙ha−1, 140 kg∙ha−1, 280 kg∙ha−1, 420 kg∙ha−1). Fertiliser rates increased pro- ductive ear number compared to unfertilised control. Fertiliser type significantly affected grain number per ear. An application of Polifoska Krzem was followed by increased grain number per ear in spring triticale. Grain weight per one ear was significantly affected cultivars. Cv. Milewo had a higher number of grains per ear compared with cv. Dublet. Spring triticale grain harvested from units fertilised with Polifoska 6 had a higher 1000 grain weight. Cv. Dublet developed more robust grain compared with cv. Milewo.
Analisis Pemikiran Zainal Arifin Terhadap Moderat Sebagai Prinsip Dasar Komunikasi Islam dalam Menciptakan Komunikasi Harmonis
Authors: Sulaiman Azman , Nurdin Hanifah
Published: December 2023

Islam menampilkan konsep penyatuan perbedaan yang sudah menjadi kodrat. Namun banyak kelompok yang bersikeras pada kebenaran yang mereka yakini sehingga memunculkan sikap radikal. Pemahaman radikal yang berujung pada aksi kekerasan dan teror banyak terjadi di banyak negara, termasuk Indonesia. Hal ini terjadi akibat kesalahpahaman terhadap ajaran agama. Zainal Arifin telah merumuskan prinsip-prinsip dasar komunikasi Islami, salah satunya adalah moderasi sebagai prinsip dasar komunikasi Islami. Komunikasi yang moderat dinilai mampu menciptakan nuansa komunikasi harmonis yang dapat berujung pada kenyamanan dan kebahagiaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lima kriteria moderasi sebagai prinsip dasar komunikasi Islami menjadi landasan dalam membangun paradigma komunikasi Islami dan mampu menciptakan komunikasi harmonis yang mampu menyelamatkan manusia dari tindakan kekerasan bahkan perang. Moderasi sebagai salah satu prinsip dasar komunikasi Islam menetapkan bahwa media komunikasi tidak berlebihan, tidak memaksa, menjadi saksi kebenaran, mampu menghargai perbedaan, mampu menjaga keimanan dan menjadi pintu petunjuk bagi orang lain serta mengamalkan sopan santun dan menyebarkan kasih sayang.
Is the Underlying Asset an Effective Source of Trust: Evidence from Indonesian Sukuk Market
Authors: Hanafi Syafiq Mahmadah , Kusuma Hadri , Fasa Muhammad Iqbal , Al Hashfi Rizqi Umar
Published: December 2023

This research aims to investigate stock market reaction toward asset-underlied sukuk in Indonesian Sukuk Market. The novelty of this research is to test the market reaction associated with the issue of the underlying asset on the sukuk. To do that, we use event studies during 15-days pre and 15-days post issuance. There are 34 firms with 84 events from 2008 to 2019. Our results suggest that the sukuk is not statistically meaningful to investors. The shareholders could not have confidence in their funds' underlying assets as collateral for Sukuk's issue. It might still be viewed as bonds and other debt policies by investors. Investors need to be given confidence and secure in their investment, not just underlying asset but by handing over certificates of asset ownership. This study contributes empirical evidence to testing investor reactions to the issuance of guaranteed sukuk with underlying assets.
A Comparative Analysis of Financial Performance of Banking Industry in Indonesia: Conventional Versus Islamic Banks
Authors: Wardhani Izza Al Ula Zakiyah Kusuma , Abd. Majid M. Shabri , Sartiyah Sartiyah , Riyaldi M. Haris
Published: December 2023

This study aims to compare and analyze the financial performances of conventional and Islamic banks in Indonesia. It also attempts to measure and analyze the effect of capital, financing risk, operational efficiency, liquidity, and regulatory compliance on banking financial performances. The sample in this study is the balanced panel data, comprising a cross-section of 87 conventional banks and 11 Islamic banks and a time series from 2011 to 2020 periods, which were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The secondary data are gathered from the annual reports of the banking samples. The comparative analysis and determination of factors affecting banking financial performances are examined using a different independent sample t-test and multiple panel regression, respectively. The study documented that the financial performance of conventional banks was better than that of Islamic banks. Furthermore, the study found that capital, financing risk, and operational efficiency negatively affected performance of the conventional banks, while liquidity and regulatory compliance positively influenced conventional banking performance. Comparatively, capital, liquidity, and regulatory compliance positively affected Islamic banking performance, while financing risk and operational efficiency negatively affected Islamic banking performance. These findings suggest the importance of banking management to impose different financial management policies to enhance their performances by referring to the directional effects of the determinants of the banking financial performances.
VAR Analysis: What Drives The Profitability of Islamic Commercial Banks?
Authors: Syahputri St. Elmiana Febri , Pimada Laila Masruro
Published: December 2023

Third-party funds of Islamic commercial bank in period of 2015-2021 have been increasing, as well as the matter of financing. However, the profitability of Islamic commercial bank during those years were fluctuating below 1,5% which affected the average of Return on Assets in 2015-2021 below a healthy level of 1,1%. In 2017, the third-party funds and financing has been increased, but ROA value tended to be constant, while in 2020, the increase of third-party funds and financing was inversely proportional to ROA ratio value that was actually decreased. This phenomenon incompatibility with theory has stated that the higher distribution of financing, it would determine the higher ROA ratio. Since, banking sector was often regarded as a heart of driving force of the country’s economy and profitability was significant for banking continuity. It needed to conduct a research on determinants that affected profitability of Islamic commercial banks. Hence, this research was aimed to analyze the effects of third-party funds, NPF, Operational Cost, and SBIS on ROA. The method in this research was quantitative with vector auto regression model as the analysis method. Based on the result of estimation, the third-party funds, NPF, and Operational Cost did not affect, but SBIS affected positively on ROA.
Determinants of Interest in the Use of Islamic Digital Wallets
Authors: Mawadah Zahrotul , Darwanto Darwanto
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of variables perceived ease of use (X1), perceived usefulness (X2), perceived risk (X3), perceived security (X4), and trust (X5) on student interest in using LinkAja Syariah services by using an approach The Theory Acceptance Model (TAM). The data used are primary data by using the method of distributing questionnaires via google-form. The technique used in this research is using purposive sampling. The number of respondents obtained in this study was 280 respondents. The analytical technique used in this study uses the Structural Equation Model Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method. The results of this study indicate that perceived ease of use, perceived risk, perceived security, and trust have a positive and significant effect on student interest in using LinkAja Syariah services. While the perceived usefulness variable does not affect student interest in using the LinkAja Syariah service.  This study implies that this study can be an input for business leaders, especially those involved in electronic payment services, to pay attention to the perceived interest, usefulness and usefulness, perceived benefits, perceived risks, security, and confidence in improving the quality of e-services portfolio services. Based on the results of this study, perceived usefulness may not affect preference to use LinkAja Syariah, so other variables should be included in further research. 
Do Unethical Stocks Win in Developing Country? Evidence From Indonesia
Authors: Amalia Farah , Prasetyaningrum Ari Kristin , Fitriya Ardiani Aniqoh Nur Aini
Published: December 2023

Ethical investing in various countries is increasingly popular following the number of ethical investors. However, the performance of ethical investments in many developed countries is lower than the performance of the opposite category, unethical stock, or researchers called it as sin stock. This study examines whether the performance of sin stocks in Indonesia is as good as the performance of sin stocks in developed countries considering the very different cultures and religions. This study comprehensively measures the performance of all sin stocks and ethical stocks using the risk-adjusted return approach, the Sharpe and Treynor ratios. To sharpen the analysis, this study also measures the efficiency of all types of stocks using the data envelopment analysis method. The results show that the performance of the sin stock portfolio in Indonesia is different from the facts in developed countries. Sin stocks in Indonesia had the worst performance during 2013-2022 compared to ethical stocks. Furthermore, in terms of efficiency, the SRI-Kehati Index has the highest score compared to all indices. This research contributes to provide theoretical and practical insights about the comparison of the performance of sin stocks and their counterparts in Indonesia which is different from sin stocks in developed countries. The originality of the research includes the creation of a sin stock portfolio and the use of constraint stocks as a proxy for ethical stocks.
Postoperative Spinal Subdural Extra-arachnoid Hygroma Because of Trauma: Resolution with Lumbar Puncture
Authors: Arimura Daigo , Shinohara Akira , Katsumi Shunsuke , Obata Shintaro , Kanai Tomoaki , Saito Mitsuru
Published: December 2023

Case:

A 73-year-old woman, after spinal surgery, presented with symptomatic spinal subdural extra-arachnoid hygroma (SSEH) because of a fall on the third postoperative day. The hygroma was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Lumbar puncture was performed under local anesthesia, after which the leg pain disappeared immediately. MRI obtained immediately after puncture and 1 week later confirmed disappearance of the hygroma.

Conclusion:

Although dural transection is mentioned in most of the reports on treatment of symptomatic postoperative SSEH, we were able to treat this entity by epidural puncture. In the absence of paraplegia or cystorectal disturbance, puncture can be an effective and minimally invasive treatment option.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN SIFAT SENSORIS STIK BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus Polyrhizus)
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: December 2023

and Red dragon fruit has higher properties, namely carotene and flavonoids which are antioxidants that are good for the body to consume to help neutralize free radicals that attack the body's cells. One of the problems with dragon fruit is the high stock of dragon fruit during the harvest but consumer demand is relatively fixed so that the price of dragon fruit is decreasing. Dragon fruit can be used as a variety of delicious and highly nutritious preparations that have. This study was conducted to find out the antioxidant activity, color, moisture content, texture and sensory by using 3 comparisons of dragon fruit concentration and dragon fruit stick cooking temperature. The concentration of dragon fruit used is 0%, 15% and 30%, while the temperature used is 150oC and 160oC. From the results of this study obtained the results of dragon fruit variation treatment have a real effect on the antioxidant activity, sensory aroma, color, texture, taste and overall dragon fruit sticks. The treatment of temperature variations can have a real influence on water content, L color (lightness), color a (redness), sensory texture, taste and overall dragon fruit sticks. The interaction between dragon fruit and temperature (Dragon fruit*temperature) has a real effect on the texture of cohesiveness, sensory texture, taste and overall dragon fruit sticks
KAJIAN PEMBUATAN MASKER WAJAH ORGANIK DARI CAMPURAN AMPAS KOPI, AMPAS TEH HIJAU, KUNYIT, DAN TEPUNG BERAS
Authors: Mu'tamar Mohammad Fuad fauzul
Published: December 2023

The coffea sp plant, commonly known as the coffee plant, is one of the most common plants found in the highlands. As a result of the trend to drink coffee, the juice and leftover commissary always end up as waste. The research was intended to exploit coffee dregs that we were not aware of were still good enough for the face to make into a facial mask. Masks are made using a different method of mixing coffee residue 50%, rice 20%, turmeric 20% and 10 percent green tea powder. The coffee grounds are roasted first for 15 minutes and then mashed through a blender. The turmeric is thin and dried in the sun until it is roasted for 15 minutes and then smoothed through a blender.Green tea here USES green tea powder so there's no need for subtlety. All the coffee residue, saffron and the green mixed into one was then sifted to make the masks produced completely smooth. Tests made for this study were the ph test, the age-old trial, and the organoleptic test. The result of this study is an average of 6,5 on the organoleptic test where the panelis is quite partial to the facial products of the coffee grounds. Results from the ph test came to 7,1 where this figure is still a reasonable measure for facial skin. Results from the old time-tested dry period obtained increased 11 minutes. The facial masks of the coffee grounds are well received and are competing in the marketplace
PERBANDINGAN KARAKTERISTIK DONAT DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG TULANG IKAN
Authors: Purwatti Nike Poppy , Masliha Elly , Pratiwi Listiana , Muflihati Iffah , Suhendriani Sari , Ujianti Rizky Muliani Dwi
Published: December 2023

Tulang ikan dapat diolah menjadi tepung dan diaplikasikan pada produk pangan berkaitan dengan kandungan gizi tinggi dan dapat dimanfaatkan dalam makanan. Diversifikasi dilakukan melalui penggunaan tepung tulang ikan pada donat. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui perbandingan karakteristik donat yang ditambahkan berbagai jenis tepung tulang ikan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 jenis tepung tulang ikan yang berbeda yaitu tepung tulang ikan lele, tepung tulang ikan bandeng, dan tepung tulang ikan tongkol. Sifat kimia donat yang dihasilkan memiliki rata-rata kadar air  antara 22,73 hingga 31,22% dan rata-rata kadar abu  antara 1,71 hingga 4,98%. Uji  deskriptif menunjukkan perbedaan nyata dengan kontrol pada atribut warna coklat, aroma amis tulang ikan, kecerahan, kenampakan bintik hitam, tekstur berpasir, dan flavor amis tulang ikan. Pengujian hedonik menunjukkan bahwa donat yang paling disukai panelis adalah donat dengan penambahan tepung tulang lele.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGERING BUAH PINANG MENGGUNAKAN METODE PEMBAKARAN BIOMASSA
Authors: Ivanto Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Alat pengering buah pinang menggunakan metode pembakaran biomassa merupakan salah satu metode pengeringan yang ditawarkan dalam proses pengeringan buah pinang selain menggunakan tenaga matahari.Selama ini tenaga matahari dianggap masih kurang efektif dalam proses pengeringan dikarenakan lamanya waktu pengeringan yang bisa memakan waktu sampai 14 hari dan juga sangat bergantung pada kondisi cuaca yang sering kali berubah-ubah. Proses pengeringan pinang sangat bergantung pada kondisi suhu lingkungan dimana suhu ideal dalam proses pengeringan buah pinang berkisar antara 350C-450C dalam kondisi panas matahari ,sedangkan menggunakan alat pengering pinang suhu optimal yang dicapai berkisar antara 65oC-70oC. Buah pinang yang digunakan adalah buah pinang yang telah matang dengan indikator persentase kadar air di atas 65% sedangkan untuk persentase buah pinang kering ialah dibawah 11% kadar air yang terkandung dalam buah pinang tersebut. Metode pembakaran biomassa pada penelitian ini ialah menggunakan kayu api, sekam dan tandan kosong. Prinsip kerja alat ini dengan memanfaatkan pembakaran dari pipa yang berada di ruang pembakaran dimana pipa akan dipanaskan sehingga tempratur pada pipa akan naik, kemudian udara akan masuk melalui dorongan blower yang terdapat pada sisi luar pipa tersebut, udara akan memasuki pipa kemudian temperatur udara akan naik mengikuti temperatur lingkungan lalu udara akan masuk ke sistem pengering atau oven sehingga proses pengeringan berjalan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempercepat proses pengeringan buah pinang dimana metode pengeringan menggunakan matahari membutuhkan waktu sekitar 14 hari, sedangkan lama pengeringan menggunakan alat pengering pinang ialah berkisar 5-10 hari sehingga dapat menghemat waktu pengeringan. Adapun hasil yang didapatkan dari proses pengeringan ini dimana dalam metode pembakaran biomassa dibagi menjadi 3 bahan bakar yaitu kayu api, sekam dan tandan kosong, didapatkan hasil bahwa lama pengeringan masing masing biomassa tersebut ialah 6 hari, 8 hari & 9 hari. Sedangkan untuk suhu pengeringan berturut turut ialah 65°C-70°C, 55°C-60°C & 45°C-50°C  dan rata-rata hasil persentase pengeringan pinang ialah 10%, 10,3%, dan 10,7%. Lama pengeringan serta suhu maksimal yang dicapai sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas bahan bakar, semakin besar residu bahan bakar maka semakin rendah suhu maksimal dari pembakaran.
KARAKTERISTIK FISIK EDIBLE FILM WHEY KEJU DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MINYAK ATSIRI SEREH DAPUR (Cymbopogon Citratus)
Authors: Kafiya Maftuh
Published: December 2023

Edible film from whey has been studied as a protector from anti-microbial attacks. This study aims to examine the physical characteristics of edible film whey with lemongrass essential oil addition as an antimicrobial, especially fungal attacks. The experiment was designed with a complete randomized design (RAL) with 3 repeats consisting of 4 treatments of lemongrass essential oil concentrations, namely control (P1), 0.1% (P2), 0.5% (P3), and 1% (P4). The results showed that the moisture content of edible film with P1, P2, and P3 treatments differed markedly from P0. Meanwhile, the soluble speed of P3 and P2  treatments significant differed with P1  and P0. The thickness of edible film from whey was increased with the addition of lemongrass essential oil concentration.
ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI DENGAN METODE FULL COSTING PADA PEMBUATAN SABUN MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN BABADOTAN (AGERATUM CONYZOIDES)
Authors: Sartika Dewi , Febrianda Shela Yawli , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: December 2023

Babadotan memiliki kandungan aktif seperti alkaloid, saponin, polifenol, minyak atsiri dan flavonoid. Bagian daun memiliki sifat bioaktifitas sebagai antibakterial dan dapat digunakan sebagai penghambat miktoorganisme. Kandungan tersebut mampu melindungi kulit dari berbagai jenis infeksi mikroorganisme. Babadotan memiliki fungsi yang sangat potensial untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan nilai tambah pada sabun mandi cair. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui harga pokok produksi, harga jual serta laba yang didapat pada pembuatan sabun cair menggunakan daun babadotan. Metode penentuan biaya produksi menggunakan metode Full Costing. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode pengecekan pasar serta analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu bahwa usaha sabun cair dari ekstrak babadotan mampu memberikan laba perbulan sebesar Rp.13.729.675 dengan harga jual Rp.19.802.
MODEL KINETIKA PENGERINGAN MANISAN MANGGA (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Yulni Tri
Published: December 2023

To improve control over the drying process and the quality of the dried products, it is essential to comprehend the drying kinetics model. This study aim to find the best thin-layer drying kinetics model for box-shaped candied mangoes dried in a rotary oven. The source of the data is Rozana’s (2016) research into the moisture content and drying times of candied mangoes at 45 and 50°C in a rotating oven. The Lewis, Page, Henderson and Pabis, Logarithmic, Two Term, Two Term Exponential, Diffusion Approximation, Midilli et al., and Modified Henderson and Perry models are among the kinetic models used. The moisture ratios of mangoes collected during drying at various time intervals were used to fit drying models in order to predict the moisture ratio. The model with the highest coefficient of determination (R2), the lowest root mean square error (χ2), and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) is the best drying kinetics model. The Midilli et al. model was determined to be the most appropriate drying model for box-shaped candied mangoes dried in a rotating oven with R2 of 0,9989, χ2 of 0,0001, and an RMSE value of 0,0074 for a temperature of 45°C; and R2 is 0,9973, χ2 is 0,0002, and RMSE is 0,0137 at 50°C. The Midilli et al. model equations obtained is MR=1,026 exp(-0,0007t1,0706)+0,0001t at 45°C and MR=1,0129exp(-0,0003t1,3568)+0,0002t at 50°C.
KAJIAN FISIKOKIMIA YOGHURTBEET (Beta Vulgaris) SEBAGAI INOVASI PANGAN DIET SEHAT
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri , Trisnawati Ade , Hidayati Nasrul rofiah , Lestari Anisa dwi
Published: December 2023

Yoghurtbeet is a blend of fermented products (yogurt) with fruit juice, Yoghurtbeet is included in the Greek Yoghurt group because it is obtained from the lactic acid fermentation process through three times the filtration process so that it has a lower carbohydrate content, but the amount of protein is higher than ordinary yogurt. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L) is a source of nutrients rich in primary metabolites and secondary metabolites, so if consumed it is good for the health of the body. By combining yogurt and beet juice, it is expected that a food product with the best nutritional value will be obtained from the combination of the two ingredients. This activity aims to determine the physico-chemical characteristics of yogurt combined with Beet fruit juice and provide knowledge/experience in producing Yoghurtbeet. The results showed that the chemical composition of yogurt, namely Ash content of yogurt showed a value of (p>0.05) (0.9 g/100g), Moisture content in Beet yogurt was (p≤0.05) worth (77.9 g/100g). Yoghurt with Beet fruit content has a protein content of (3.3g/100g) (p≤0.05). And fat content was (2.5 g/100g) (p≤0.05). Lactose content was (3.3 g/100 g) and carbohydrate content was (15.3g/100 g) with a value of (p≤0.05). Yoghurtbeet has a fairly high pH of (4.1) (p≤0.05) This can be caused because beetroot is rich in antioxidants which are generally composed of phenolic compounds. Color analysis showed that yogurt supplemented with beet fruit extract/juice gave a pink color (L*=50, a*=31 and b*=2.3).
OPTIMASI KARAKTERISTIK SENSORI PROPORSI TEPUNG KOMPOSIT DARI SERAT PANGAN LARUT DAN GELATIN TERHADAP MUTU BAKSO IKAN KERAPU
Authors: Anggela Anggela
Published: December 2023

Kerapu is a potential fishery commodity in East Kalimantan, but the development of diversification of its derivative products needs to be developed more widely. Meatballs are generally made using the basic ingredients in the form of meat, but the high-fat content can trigger degenerative diseases such as high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, and stroke. Therefore, Kerapu is known to be high in unsaturated fatty acids (omega-3) which is very good for health, so Kerapu is used in making fishballs of this research. The combination of the interaction formulation of soluble dietary fiber (porang glucomannan or seaweed flour) with gelatin powder is combined to produce Kerapu’s fishballs which are high in fiber and low in cholesterol. The purpose of this study was to produce and improve the sensory quality of Kerapu’s fishtballs and improve the nutrition and functional aspects on health. The stages in Kerapu’s fishball production are consists of making surimi, determining the formulation of fishball, and analyzing the sensory quality. The results of the study are presented in the mean and standard deviation as well as statistical analysis performed to evaluate the quality of Kerapu’s fishball using ANOVA with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and significant differences (p <0.05) and then continued with a significant difference test using the Duncan method. The test results for the level of acceptance of the grouper fish meatball product formulated in the treatment group showed the best level of acceptance in the P3 treatment (porang flour: gelatin = 50%: 50%) with the value of each hedonic test attribute as follows color, aroma, taste, aftertaste, texture and overall, namely 4.75, 4.80, 4.50, 4.65, 4.80, and 4.65 with an average acceptance of very like (5) with a level of elasticity of 3.30 ± 0.30 (slightly chewy). Therefore, the best formulation for producing grouper fish meatballs is grouper fish surimi (75%), porang flour: gelatin (2.5%:2.5%), 3% salt, pepper (2%), and water (15%).
Keywords: Fishballs; Dietary Fiber, Kerapu; Sensory
GELATIN HALAL DARI KULIT KAMBING ETAWA (Capra aegagrus hircus) DENGAN BAHAN CURING ASAM DAN BASA
Authors: Mutiar Sri , Yusmita Lisa , Ariyetti Ariyetti
Published: December 2023

Agama Islam mengwajibkan umatnya mengkonsumsi makanan dan minuman yang halal. Penggunaan bahan dasar yang berasal dari salah satu bahan yang diharamkan atau proses pengolahannya tidak sesuai menjadi masalah dalam hal ini. Gelatin yang diproduksi dari bahan baku kulit dari babi yang banyak diproduksi saat ini menimbulkan masalah bagi para pemeluk agama Islam karena berkaitan dengan kehalalannya. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gelatin, hingga saat ini Indonesia masih melakukan impor gelatin dari beberapa negara. Oleh sebab itu penggunaan bahan baku yang halal dan banyak tersedia di dalam negeri menjadi solusi untuk dapat menghasilkan gelatin yang halal dan karakteristik yang memenuhi standar.  Hal ini memberikan peluang untuk produksi gelatin yang aman dan halal seperti kulit kambing yang merupakan by-product dari pemotongan yang sebagian besar dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku industri penyamakan kulit. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam produksi gelatin adalah dengan menggunakan ekstraksi dengan bahan curing asam dan basa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gelatin dari kulit kambing Etawa yang diproduksi melalui proses asam dan basa menghasilkan karakteristik yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan standar. Gelatin yang dihasilkan memiliki karakteristik yang memenuhi standar. Produksi gelatin dari kulit kambing Etawa berpeluang sebagai bahan baku pembuatan gelatin yang halal.
EFFECT OF ETHYLENE COMPOUNDS ON BANANA RIPENING AND POST-HARVEST PACKAGING (STORAGE) OF CITRUS FRUITS
Authors: Prayitno Sutrisno Adi
Published: December 2023

Ethylene compounds are used in the post-harvest handling of horticultural products to speed up the ripening process. Suitable storage and packaging would maintain the quality of horticultural products. Horticultural products undergo further metabolism even after harvesting such as transpiration, respiration, maturation, and ripening. To prevent the rapid deterioration of horticultural produce (physical, nutritional, and sensory), postharvest handling requires proper ethylene dosing, proper packaging, and storage of the product during handling. The aim of this research was to observe and find out the effect of the ripening stage on bananas and how to package orange fruits on changes in quality (physical and sensory) during post-harvest storage. The results showed that there was an influence of ethylene compounds on the ripening process of bananas on sensory characteristics, the color changed from yellow to blackish brown, the aroma became more fragrant and the sweet taste became sweet and sour; increasing the value of total suspended solids (TSS) and decreasing the weight of bananas. Plastic packaging equipped with perforated holes also affects the quality of oranges, lower orange fruit weight loss, and better sensory characteristics in texture and color compared to oranges packaged in plastic without holes. Hence, the storage of oranges fruits in air-tight conditions is not recommended due to it can make CO2 to be trapped and accumulate in the packaging which can result in the formation of water droplets or dew that affect the quality of orange fruits.
ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF ROAST COFFEE BEAN BASED ON POSTHARVEST METHODS, TEMPERATURE, AND TIME OF ROASTING
Authors: Wulandari Sri , Sidik Gusmon
Published: December 2023

Postharvest technology and roasting processes cause changes in the biochemical composition, physical structure, and organoleptic attributes of coffee. The purpose of this study was to conduct organoleptic tests on roasted red-picked premium Robusta coffee, based on postharvest technology, roasting temperature, and roasting time to obtain the most preferred roasted coffee beans by the panelists. The research design used the Taguchi design with three factors and three levels, postharvest technology factors (full wash, honey, and natural), roasting temperature (150℃, 175℃, and 200℃), and roasting time (10 minutes, 12.5 minutes and 15 minutes) so that the orthogonal array matrix L9 (33) is obtained. The hedonic test (favorability level) in the organoleptic test form consists of a scale of 1-5 rating on each assessed attribute. The panelists consisted of 64 people who were chosen randomly. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA using IBM SPSS Statistics 22. The difference between the means of each treatment was continued with the DMRT test. Postharvest technology, temperature, and roasting time affected the organoleptic of roasted coffee beans, P value or small sig of 0.05 (p<0.05). The panelists preferred roasted coffee beans A2B2C3 (Postharvest honey technology, roasting temperature 175℃, and roasting time 15 minutes).
Effect of NaOH Concentration in The Pulping Process on Yield and Organoleptic of Art Paper from Citronella Distillation Waste
Authors: Marda S.R Helsa , Mutiar Sri , Kasim Anwar
Published: December 2023

Many types of paper are on the market according to their intended use. Art paper is a type of paper with an attractive appearance, aesthetically rich in natural and unique nuances used by most craftsmen. Making art paper usually uses cellulose fiber that comes from trees, so it has an impact on deforestation. This research aims to use fragrant citronella waste as an alternative to trees as raw material for paper. Lemon grass and the availability of distillate waste which has a high enough cellulose content as a raw material for paper. The method in this study is the manufacture of pulp through the alkaline method. The analysis of organoleptic properties includes surface texture, appearance, color, and degree of whiteness. The treatment in making art paper is the difference in NaOH concentration of 5%, 7%, 9%, 11% and 13%. Analysis of organoleptic properties includes surface texture, appearance, colour, and degree of whiteness. The design used in this study was a completely randomised design with 3 replications. Data were analysed using ANOVA and Duncan's test at a significant level of 0.05.. The results showed that the yield of citronella distillation waste pulp ranged from 32.53 to 34.59%. The organoleptic properties of citronella waste art paper panelists' assessment of art paper products varied greatly. Brighter colors tend to be preferred over brownish colors, the rough texture and the appearance of visible fibers make art paper more attractive. The degree of whiteness of the resulting art paper ranges from 43.39 – 48.95%
Improvement of Nutritional Characteristics and Antioxidant Potential of Cowpea Flour Through Germination, Roasting and Its Combinations
Authors: Sari Yuli Perwita , Setiyoko Agus
Published: December 2023

Cowpeas are a particular kind of legume and contains the second highest protein after soybeans. Cowpea is inadequate because it has antinutritions such as tannins, phytic acid, and trypsin inhibitors. Pretreatment is necessary to lower anti-nutritional elements and increase the nutrition of cowpeas' ability to be digested. This study was done to determine the effect of various pretreatment techniques on enhancing cowpea flour's nutritional qualities and antioxidant potential. A completely randomized design with one factorial and three analytical replications was done. The findings of this study demonstrate that cowpea flour may be made using a variety of pretreatments, including germination, roasting, or its combination. A combination of germination treatment followed by roasting can significantly reduce the phytic acid, tannin, and color content and increase the yield and density of the cowpea flour produced. In addition, the initial treatment with the combination had the highest protein content of 46.88%, the highest total phenol, and the most increased RSA antioxidant activity of 47.00%. The most effective method to produce cowpea flour with the best nutritional properties and antioxidant potential is a combination of germination and roasting processes as a pretreatment.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health Transitioning to Adult Mental Health Services for young people with ADHD: an Italian-based Survey on practices for Pediatric and Adult Services
Authors: Roberti Elisa , Scarpellini Francesca , Campi Rita , Giardino Michele , Clavenna Antonio , Bonati Maurizio
Published: December 2023

Background. Supporting young ADHD patients in transition to adult services is essential. Yet, the low percentages of successful referrals and the issues reported by patients and clinicians stress the need for further attention to transitioning practices. The present study assessed the transitioning process of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) patients in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) and Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS) in the Italian territory. We asked child and adult psychiatrists to report the current state of services and their observations on limitations and possible future matters that must be addressed. Method. Seventy-seven centers (42 CAMHS, 35 AMHS) filled in a web-based survey in which they reported the number of ADHD patients, how many transitioning patients they had within the past year, and how they structured transition. Results. A fragmented picture emerged from the survey. Lack of resources, training, and communication between services hinder the transition process, and many adult patients remain under CAMHS' care. While some services have a protocol, there is no structured guidance that can help improve integration and continuity of treatment. Conclusion. The observed situation reflects a need for improvement and standard guidelines to enable a successful transition process, considering clinicians' and patients' necessities.
Rheology behaviors of Dioscorea alata mucilage extracted with CaCl2 aqueous solution
Authors: Fortuna Dewi , Darmawati Emmy , Sunarti Titi Candra , Mardjan Sutrisno Suro , Purwanti Nanik
Published: December 2023

This study determined the rheological properties of Dioscorea alata mucilage (DAM) solution at different concentrations and temperatures (steady shear flow and dynamic oscillatory rheology). The steady shear flow experiment results showed that the shear apparent viscosity-shear rate data was well fitted with the Carreau model and showed the highest R2. The Carreau model that the DAM solutions at 1-8% presented non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior. The strain and frequency sweep data of 8% (w/w) DAM solution showed dominant elastic behavior (gel-like structure). A Gf between G″ and G″ of 8% (w/w) DAM solution at 30 °C occurs at very high frequencies (» 83.70 Hz). The Arrhenius equation and activation energy (Ea) described the temperature effect. The rheological properties study of DAM aqueous solutions can provide information about its flow behavior, which helps apply DAM as a source of hydrocolloids in the food and non-food industries.
Analyzing the characteristics of bitumen improved by the addition of waste vegetable oil and a low-density polymer.
Authors: Akram Waseem
Published: December 2023

The widespread use of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and similar polymers has grown significantly due to population expansion, urbanization, and evolving lifestyles. Simultaneously, the extensive use of vegetable oil for cooking has led to the disposal of waste vegetable oil (WCO) into domestic wastewater, posing a risk of water pollution in natural water sources like rivers. This study's primary objective is to investigate the feasibility of partially replacing bitumen with LDPE and WCO. To achieve this goal, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of properties such as penetration, softening, specific gravity, ductility, flash and fire point temperatures on bitumen samples modified with varying proportions of LDPE (4%, 4.5%, and 5%) in addition to a constant 10% WCO as a substitute for part of the bitumen binder. The inclusion of LDPE and WCO resulted in reduced penetration and ductility values in the modified bitumen, while the specific gravity of these modified samples remained relatively unchanged. This suggests that conventional methods and equipment can still be employed for this asphalt modification. The use of LDPE and WCO as additives to enhance the workability of the asphalt binder presents an environmentally friendly alternative for managing generated waste. Ultimately, reusing LDPE and WCO as components in asphalt applications is deemed to be an economically viable and eco-friendly approach, particularly in hot climate regions.
Optical Sensor for Monitoring Corrosion of Rebar in Reinforced Concrete Members Using Polydimethylsiloxane - Titanium Oxide Composite
Authors: Jeong Hoseong , Jung Byung Jun , Kim Jae Hyun , Choi Seung-Ho , Kim KangSu
Published: December 2023

Corrosion of reinforcing bars deteriorates the bond between the rebar and concrete, consequently leading to the degradation of the strength and stiffness of reinforced concrete (RC). Because structural deterioration due to corrosion may cause failure and large-scale disaster, various methods of measuring the corrosion rate (electrochemical methods, electrical methods, fiber optic sensors, strain gauge, ultrasonic wave, and infrared thermography) have been proposed so far. The electrochemical methods are the most widely used for estimating corrosion rates but have the limitations that the measurement results are qualitative, and are affected by climatic parameters. To overcome these limitations, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors to directly detect the expansion displacement of reinforcing bars due to corrosion have been developed. However, these sensors are susceptible to strain induced by heat and external loads, and they also present challenges in terms of miniaturization and installation. This study developed a new optical sensor that can overcome the limitations of existing sensors. The developed sensor detects the expansion displacement of the sacrificial steel plate due to corrosion and thus estimates the corrosion rate of rebar. A linear relationship between the displacement and the sensor response was observed, and the sensor was capable of measuring the displacement up to half the depth of the sensor. The sensor also showed a reversible response to repeated displacement and was stable even in alkaline and salty environments. Its practicality was also verified by accelerated corrosion tests.
Vegetation resistance to aridity thresholds depends on local environmental conditions in global drylands
Authors: Abel Christin , Maestre Fernando , Berdugo Miguel , Tagesson Torbern , Abdi Abdulhakim , Horion Stéphanie , Fensholt Rasmus
Published: December 2023

The crossing of specific aridity thresholds has been shown to trigger abrupt changes in multiple functional and structural ecosystem attributes across global drylands. While we understand the consequences associated with aridity thresholds, a significant knowledge gap remains concerning the key biotic and abiotic factors that influence the resistance of dryland vegetation when crossing them. Here, we used field observations from 55 dryland sites across six continents in combination with satellite remote sensing data from 2000–2022 to show that plant richness, precipitation dynamics, soil texture, and elevation are the most important variables contributing to dryland vegetation resistance when crossing aridity thresholds. Further, drought legacy, i.e., the frequency and magnitude of drought events in the years prior to crossing an aridity threshold, plays an important role in interaction with plant richness and soil texture. Interestingly, plant species richness was found to be negatively related to vegetation resistance, except at sites with moderate to high drought legacy, and in grasslands. Our results highlight that vegetation resistance depends on local environmental conditions and thus can vary within short distances. They also indicate that the use of global-scale gridded datasets for estimating vegetation resistance across larger geographic scales is challenging because of the limited quality and spatial resolution of available data for key biotic and abiotic modulator variables. Enhancing our comprehension of the factors important for vegetation resistance is an important step towards dryland conservation efforts and sustainable management strategies.
Impacts of florfenicol on soil bacterial community structure and diversity by high throughput sequencing analysis
Authors: Li Yang , Luo shuai Shuai , Ding Yue xia , peng Jin ju , Xie Xing peng , Ma Hao tian , Yu Meng bo , Liu Yuan jia , Ma Yi
Published: December 2023

To investigate the impact of florfenicol on soil microbial community structure and diversity, an indoor florfenicol exposure model was established. Soil samples were collected at different concentrations of florfenicol (0, 0.05, 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/L) on days 0, 7, 30, and 60. High-throughput sequencing was employed to examine the changes in soil microbial community structure, diversity, and abundance. The analysis revealed a total of 31874 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the soil samples, averaging 9524 OTUs per sample. The number of soil microbial community OTUs declined with increasing florfenicol concentration. The microbial species richness and diversity showed a decreasing trend at day 7, while the treatment group with 50 mg/L florfenicol at 60 days exhibited the lowest richness index. Examination of the soil microbial community structure identified 50 phyla and 1303 genera. At the phylum level, the abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroides decreased with increasing florfenicol concentration. Similarly, at the genus level, some of the dominant genera displayed a decline in abundance with the rise of florfenicol concentration. Cluster analysis demonstrated significant temporal and concentration variability. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for the ecological risk assessment and safe management of florfenicol.