bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Situación actual del oro y la plata en Colombia: geología, génesis, aspectos mineros, reservas y producción
Authors: Lozano Q. Hernando , Pulido U. Oscar H.
Published: April 2022

Colombia posee una importante tradición aurífera, que se remonta a tiempos precolombinos. En la actualidad, la producción anual nacional de oro es del orden US$ 400 millones; representa el segundo renglón en la economía nacional después del café y ocupa aproximadamente a 30 000 personas. Incentivos en el precio, recientemente decretados por el Gobierno Nacional, elevaron la producción de oro durante 1985 a 35 toneladas, cifra sin precedentes en la historia del país.
El oro colombiano se extrae de depósitos de placer y de filón. Aunque aún no se han explotado mineralizaciones de oro diseminado, existen condiciones geológicas favorables para este tipo de depósito.
La mayor parte de la producción de oro proviene de depositas de aluvión; más del 80 % es producido por la pequeña y la mediana minería, en el occidente colombiano, principalmente en el departamento de Antioquia que ocupa el primer puesto en el país.
Recientemente se han encontrado los depósitos de oro de la Comisaría del Guainía, que por sus condiciones geológicas similares a las de Sur África, Canadá y Brasil representan una posible reserva importante para nuestra economía.
En general Colombia tiene grandes posibilidades para la minería del oro, pues este metal está presente en rocas de diferentes ambientes y edades geológicas.
Propuesta de clasificación de los carbones colombianos
Authors: Uribe B. Carlos , Pérez G. Fabio H.
Published: April 2022

Se presenta aquí la idea de adoptar un sistema de clasificación de los carbones colombianos acorde con las nuevas tendencias tecnológicas de análisis, utilización y mercadeo de los carbones, en reemplazo de la "Clasificación Internacional de Carbones Duros por Tipo", actualmente en uso en Colombia. Se estima que el sistema propuesto puede aplicarse a nivel internacional.
El esquema de clasificación propuesto, está basado en varios parámetros que son fácilmente determinables en el laboratorio y que constituyen hoy en día procedimientos de rutina, así como de investigación, en la industria del carbón de los países avanzados en tecnología.
Dos de estos parámetros son determinados por técnicas microscópicas, y definen el rango (por la reflectancia de la vitrinita) y el tipo (por los contenidos de vitrinita y exinita) de los carbones. Otros tres parámetros: la materia volátil, la dilatometría, el poder calorífico, cualifican los diferentes rangos de carbones. Estos parámetros son representados con un número código de cuatro cifras, que ubica a los carbones dentro de un marco científico y tecnológico de aplicación práctica.
Se ha intentado con esta proposición responder a varias, sino a todas, las críticas que se le hacen a la Clasificación Internacional, siguiendo valiosas sugerencias dadas por prestigiosos expertos en la materia, como Alpern VanKrevelen, Teichmuller, etc.
El basamento cristalino de la península de La Guajira
Authors: Radelli Luigi
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo trata de la petrografía y de la génesis de las rocas cristalinas de la península de La Guajira.
Se presta particular atención a la descripción y a la génesis de las rocas granitizadas (migmatitas) y a sus relaciones con las ectinitas y con las masas intrusivas de la región.
Se discute al final la sucesión de los ciclos orogenéticos que dieron a la región su configuración actual.
Informe preliminar sobre irrigación con agua subterranea, del municipio de Codazzi, departamento del Magdalena
Authors: López Casas Jaime
Published: April 2022

En desarrollo de un plan encaminado al total y efectivo aprovechamiento de los graneles recursos de aguas del subsuelo con que cuenta Co­lombia, el Servicio Geológico Nacional se encuentra ahora empeñado en promover la utilización del agua subterránea para la irrigación. La primera etapa de ese plan, o sea la utilización de pozos de agua para el abas­tecimiento público de ciudades y pueblos, ha sido aceptada y cuenta con un impulso propio. Al promover el uso de aguas subterráneas para la irrigación, nuestra intención es la de una explotación en grande escala, técnica, económica y organizada. Esta iniciativa mereció la atención del Ministerio de Agricultura, que le brindó magnífica acogida. A solicitud del Instituto de Fomento Algodonero, el Ministerio de Minas y Petróleos dictó la Resolución número 41 de 1958 para que una Comisión del Servicio Geológico Nacional se trasladara a Codazzi, Magdalena, e hiciera el estudio de las posibili­dades de aprovechar los recursos de aguas subterráneas de esa zona para la irrigación de las progresistas plantaciones algodoneras de esa región.
Observaciones geológicas y estudio petrográfico sobre 54 muestras colectadas por el Dr. Laureano Rincón, en el departamento de Nariño en la vía Tambo, Peñol, Policarpa
Authors: Hans Wolfgang Nelson
Published: April 2022

Con el objeto de aumentar los datos sobre las formaciones en la cuenca del Patía, y con base en un levantamiento de ruta, fue colectada una serie de muestras por el ingeniero Laureano Rincón Orbegozo, del Servicio Geológico y Minero de Pasto, a lo largo de la ruta Tambo-Peñol-Policarpa. Parte de éstas fue enviada a este departamento para practicar el examen petrográfico; otra parte fue estudiada en el departamento de Paleontología, sobre el posible contenido de microfósiles.
En el año de 1930 practicó un estudio detenido el doctor Emil Grosse, quien visitó la región entre Popayán y la ruta mencionada (El Tambo-Policarpa) durante más de tres meses, y consignó sus observaciones en el tomo III de la Compilación de Estudios Geológicos Oficiales en Colombia, con el croquis geológico correspondiente. Otro estudio de Nariño y Alto Putumayo fue realizado por el doctor José Royo y Gómez durante cuatro meses del año de 1940; tal estudio tenía especialmente un objeto económico, y sus resultados están consignados en el tomo V de la misma Compilación; a lo largo de este informe nos referiremos con frecuencia a estos dos autores.
Este estudio se limita principalmente a la descripción petrográfica de las muestras. Por no conocer la región personalmente, y además por la falta de datos precisos sobre la extensión, variación, posición geológica, etc., sería muy dudosa una interpretación geológica. Así parece, por ejemplo, que ciertas muestras pueden corresponder tanto a una formación hipoabisal como a una formación extrusiva. La clasificación en estos casos hemos tenido que darla arbitrariamente, según la idea que sugirió el croquis del levantamiento o la literatura mencionada arriba. Otras muestras pueden proceder tanto de guijos de un conglomerado como de bombas de un aglomerado volcánico o de una lava.
A pesar de esto, se trató la materia ordenándola según las formaciones geológicas de posible procedencia. En el último capítulo se ha hecho el esfuerzo de deducir algunas observaciones geológicas. El anexo contiene el estudio de todas las muestras según el orden del levantamiento.
The Relief Effects of Thermoplastic Structured-Shrunken Yarns on Woven Fabrics
Authors: KURTULDU Elif , ÖNLÜ Nesrin
Published: April 2022

In this study, the heat-setting method which applied on thermoplastic-heat sensitive-shrunken yarns were experienced as an innovative relief effect in fabrics that formed with the weaving method. Also, numerical and visual values of these methods were determined, and in the conclusion part, their contributions according to design criteria were analyzed. In applications, woven fabric structure with singlelayer and weaving fabric structure with double-layer in bag structure in dobby and jacquard weaving techniques, heat-sensitive and nonsensitive yarns were used. As a result, it was observed that the positive results of the relief effects with the usage of thermoplastic structured-heat sensitive yarns and heat-setting process on the fabrics that woven with the three different weft yarn groups and four different patterns.
Studi Pengamatan Pemijahan Metode Semi Alami Parameter Fekunditas, Pembuahan, Daya Tetas Telur dan Sintasan Larva Ikan Koi (Cyprinus carpio) di Desa Perbarakan, Deli Serdang
Authors: Manurung Vindy Rilani , Desrita  , Siregar Rizky Febriansyah , Hasibuan Julia Syahriani , Khairunnisa  , Mujtahidah Tholibah
Published: April 2022

Saat ini kelompok budidaya ikan koi di Desa Perbarakan masih terfokus pada proses pemijahan alami sehingga perlu penerapan teknologi pemijahan semi alami yang dinilai dapat meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas produksi ikan koi. Metode eksperimen lapangan yang dilakukan dengan melakukan perbandingan pemijahan alami dengan pemijahan semi alami menggunakan induk ikan koi yang siap dipijahkan dengan perbandingan 2 : 1 yaitu 2 ekor jantan (Kohaku dan Shiro) dan 1 betina (Tancho sanke doitsu) dengan melalui parameter pengamatan fekunditas, derajat pembuahan, daya tetas telur dan sitasan larva.  Hasil variasi nilai fekunditas pemijahan alami adalah 7000 butir dan pemijahan semi alami adalah 14.000 butir,  derajat pembuhan telur (FR) pemijahan alami adalah 71,42% dan pemijahan semi alami sebesar 85,71%, selanjutnya  persentase daya tetas telur ikan koi pada pemijahan alami adalah 90% dan pemijahan semi alami sebesar 95% ,  sintasan larva tertinggi pada pemijahan semi alami 78,26% sedangkan pada pemijahan alami 44,44%. Sehingga penggunaan bantuan hormon ovaprim dinilai dapat menghemat waktu proses pemijahan dan tingkat keberhasilan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan teknik pemijahan alami
Status keberlanjutan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove di Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Rani Sulis Tya , Yudha Indra Gumay , Caesario Rachmad , Mahardika SM. A Hari
Published: April 2022

Ekosistem mangrove di Pesisir Kabupaten Tangerang memiliki fungsi secara ekologi, ekonomi, serta sosial yang harus dikelola dengan tepat agar menjamin keberlanjutannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu: (1) Menganalisis aspek pendukung dalam pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove di Kabupaten Tangerang dan (2) Mendeskripsikan status keberlanjutan dari berbagai aspek dalam pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove di Kabupaten Tangerang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Maret 2021 berlokasi di 6 desa (Kronjo, Patra Manggala, Ketapang, Margamulya, Tanjung Burung dan Tanjung Pasir) di Pesisir Kabupaten Tangerang. Responden sebagai sumber informasi berasal dari pemerintah, masyarakat dan Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat terkait penelolaan mangrove yang dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisa data penentuan status keberlanjutan dan atribut pengungkit menggunakan metode Rapfish dengan pendekatan multidimensional scaling (MDS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove pada 4 dimensi termasuk dalam kategori cukup berkelanjutan. Atribut penunjang yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan status keberlanjutan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove yaitu, rehabilitasi sebagai upaya pemulihan ekosistem mangrove, rerata penghasilan terhadap upah minimum masyarakat, anggaran pemerintah untuk pengelolaan mangrove, konflik sosial, akses masyarakat lokal terhadap ekosistem mangrove, penegakan hukum dan keterlibatan lembaga masyarakat
Keanekaragaman Ikan di Sungai Mombang Kecamatan Batang Toru Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan
Authors: Leidonald Rusdi , Manullang Kristina Natalia , Yusni Eri , Siregar Rizky Febriansyah , Muhtadi Ahmad
Published: April 2022

Sungai Mombang banyak dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk kegiatan sehari-hari. Kegiatan tersebut tentunya memberikan dampak dan tekanan terhadap perairan sungai sehingga dapat menjadi ancaman serius bagi kelestarian dan keanekaragaman hayati ikan di perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengganbarkan keragaman ikan  di Sungai Mombang, Kecamatan Batangtoru, Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Titik lokasi pengamatan terdiir dari 4 lokasi. Ikan ditangkap dengan alat backpack electrofishing dengan kekuatan arus lisitrik sebesar 9 ampere. Kondisi habitat yang di surveiyaitu: suhu, DO, BOD, nitrat, fosfat, arus, kedalaman, dan kecerahan. Hasil penelitian di Sungai Mombang Kecamatan Batang Toru Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan didapatkan 16 spesies ikan, yang termasuk ke dalam 6 ordo, 8 famili. Ikan Jurung dan Ikan Sidat merupakan ikan ekonomis yang terdapat di Sungai Mombang. Ikan-ikan yang ditemukan di Sungai Mombang merupakan ikan asli, kecuali Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Diversitas ikan di Sungai Mombang tergolong tinggi dibandingkan dengan sungai-sungai kecil lainnya di Sumatera. Secara umum kondisi habitat ikan di Sungai Mombang termasuk baik dan layak bagi kehidupan ikan.
Sebaran Propagul di Kawasan Mangrove Sungai Gemuruh Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Dafikri Muhammad , Kamal Eni , Damanhuri Harfiandri
Published: April 2022

Kawasan mangrove Sungai Gemuruh merupakan salah satu kawasan yang memiliki jenis mangrove yang beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran propagul di kawasan mangrove Sungai Gemuruh. Teknik pengambilan sampel propagul mangrove dilakukan dengan metode pengambilan sampel acak bertujuan, dimana terdapat 2 stasiun dan 6 titik pengambilan sampel yang berbentuk plot berukuran 5x5 dan 10x10 dengan interval antar plot sebesar 25 m. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan pada stasiun I ditemukan 2 jenis propagul mangrove yaitu Rhizophora apiculata dan Rhizophora stylosa dan pada stasiun tersebut didominasi oleh propagul jenis Rhizophora stylosa serta pada stasiun II ditemukan 5 jenis propagul mangrove yaitu Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba dan Nypa fruticans dan pada stasiun tersebut didominasi oleh propagul jenis Rhizophora mucronata. berdasarkan data tersebut menggambarkan bahwa zonasi mangrove masih terjaga dengan baik, dikarenakan propagul masih tumbuh disekitar pohon induk dan zonasi mangrove masih menggambarkan kesesuaian dengan karakteristik lingkungan tempat jenis propagul berkembang
Síndrome constitucional, pérdida de fuerza y disfagia
Authors: Crespo-González Elena , Pérez-Stachowski Javier , García-Alegría Javier , Martín-Escalante María Dolores
Published: April 2022

Varón de 52 años que refiere desde hace meses un síndrome constitucional y debilidad en miembros. En sus antecedentes destacaba una ingesta excesiva de alcohol. El electroneuromiograma inicial mostró datos sugerentes de polineuropatía de predominio axonal. El estudio con analítica, TC tórax, ecografía abdominal, endoscopia digestiva alta no detectó datos de neoplasia. Durante el seguimiento, a pesar de abandonar el consumo de alcohol, persistió con debilidad generalizada, amiotrofias progresivas, voz nasal y disfagia, destacando en la exploración una fuerza disminuida de forma generalizada 4/5 y fasciculaciones linguales, con lo que se estableció la sospecha clínica de enfermedad de la motoneurona anterior, que fue confirmada mediante un nuevo estudio electrofisiológico. 
Con este caso se demuestra que el diagnóstico de esclerosis lateral amiotrófica requiere una exhaustiva exploración física y una alta sospecha clínica. La presencia de determinados signos exploratorios, casi patognomónicos, facilita el diagnóstico.
PENGARUH BUDAYA K3, KOMITMEN PIMPINAN PERUSAHAAN DAN KOMPETENSI KARYAWAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KINERJA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI (STUDI KASUS PROYEK REHABILITASI JALAN DI UPTD PENGELOLAAN JALAN DAN JEMBATAN WILAYAH PELAYANAN IV)
Authors: Junjunan Deni , Rachmat Agus , Sugiri Tia
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi besarnya potensi risiko kecelakaan kerja pada pelaksanaan pekerjaan konstruksi, karena itu  K3 telah menjadi suatu kebutuhan mendasar. Tidak bisa berjalan Aspek K3 tanpa adanya campur tangan dari manajemen maupun pimpinan kontraktor secara terencana untuk mengelolanya, yang sering disebut Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (SMK3), faktor kompetensi dan kemampuan serta pengetahuan karyawan pun sangat dibutuhkan untuk terlaksanakan K3 di tempat kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh variabel Budaya K3, komitmen pimpinan, serta kompetensi karyawan terhadap kinerja proyek dengan menggunakan uji  regresi linier berganda, serta analis data yang digunakan adalah uji satistik parametric yang menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 24. Adapun hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa  1) Tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan  antara Budaya K3 terhadap Kinerja Proyek  terbukti dan teruji bahwa pada penelitian ini Budaya K3 tidak berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Proyek 2) Terdapat pengaruh  antara Komitmen Pimpinan terhadap Kinerja Proyek terbukti dan teruji bahwa pada penelitian ini Komitmen Pimpinan berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Proyek 3) Terdapat pengaruh antara Kompetensi Karyawan terhadap Kinerja Proyek. terbukti dan teruji bahwa pada penelitian ini Kompetensi Karyawan berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Proyek 4)Terdapat pengaruh secara bersama (simultan) antara Budaya K3, Komitmen Pimpinan dan Kompetensi Karyawan terhadap Kinerja Proyek.
Clinical Signs, Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatments Involved in Corona Viruses-19
Authors: Israa Burhan Raoof  , Zahraa Ahmed Okhti  , Mayssaa E. Abdalah
Published: April 2022

Covid -19 is a viral disease play important role in danger pathogens for human, it is infecting on respiratory, hepatic, central nervous systems and gastrointestinal, in addition to that, the triggers included cytokine storm is inflammatory response to viral infection

 

 

Therefore, excessive enhance of immune cells lead to new of pro-inflammatory cytokines. COVID-19 interaction with the cardiovascular system on different levels, rising death percent in people underlying cardiovascular state provoking myocardial injury. Respiratory infection varying from   mild  cold to  the severe illness like  as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome the most important coronavirus (COVID-19) complications, however individuals with asymptomatic disease were also suspected of possible infectious transmission, which further adds to the uncertainty of the dynamic of disease transmission in COVID-19 infections, Suppression of  angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) expression by inflammatory cytokines accompanied by the decrease of estrogens and androgens  of the elderly, establish a negative correlation between   ACE2 expression and mortality in other cases may lead to infertility. Early detection by PCR has aided the identification of the pathogen at an early level.  Furthermore, the treatment includes the effectiveness of glucocorticoid drugs (dexamethasone), anti-malaria drug (hydroxychloroquine), azithromycin (antibacterial drug) and favipiravir are all drugs recommended in illness with Covid-19. Remdesivir suppression COVID-19 replication and decreases viral load, alleviates clinical signs and improves pulmonary injury, therefore Remdesivir drug has been used as a compassionate medicine for treating COVID-19 patients.
Co-occurrence of Wilson disease and Auto-Immune Hepatitis in 14-year-old female: A case report
Authors: Fadwa Ghassan Hameed  , Inam Sameh Arif  , Mohammed Mahmood Mohammed  , Hala S. Arif
Published: April 2022

Unusual cases of coexistence between Wilson's disease and autoimmune hepatitis have occurred. There are characteristics of both diseases in this community of patients, and laboratory and histo pathological findings can be misleading. Wilson disease's clinical appearance can differ widely; thus,

there is not always an easy diagnosis. In addition to being childhood and young adult illnesses, Wilson's disease can also be triggered at any age. Liver disease and cirrhosis, neuropsychiatric disorders, Kayser-Fleischer(KF.) rings, and acute hemolysis events are the primary characteristics of Wilson's disease, frequently in combination with acute liver failure. Diagnosis is extremely difficult for children and adults with active liver disease. None of the latest Wilson's disease laboratory tests are optimal and may not be specific. Therefore, by taking into account acute hepatitis similar to Wilson's disease and autoimmune hepatitis, concomitant treatment with immunosuppression and penicillamine may have a superior impact.
Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2 Linked Factor (Nrf2) as a Potential Mediator of Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Inam Sameh Arif  , Israa Burhan Raoof  , Hayder Hussein Luaibi
Published: April 2022

Hepatotoxicity is a term used to describe serious health complications of liver disease caused by a variety of factors. Nuclear factor erythroid-2 linked factor (Nrf2) as a potential mediator of hepatotoxicity via inflammatory and induction of oxidative stress, oxidation

produces more toxic compounds caused more pathogenic cases; therefore, to maintain sufficient homeostasis, involve antioxidant materials and detoxification factors. Controlling cytokine activity in normal cells is a useful way to regulate the signaling pathway of Nrf2. Recent studies found a relation between each Nrf2 and NF-κB activation and drug-induced liver injury.  This review presents a detailed and conformation update of Nrf2 roles in hepatotoxicity which considers that drug-induced liver injury is the main problem to draw attention in medical clinics and to develop new drugs with less harmful to the liver. In addition to that. Kept each of normal oxidation and cytokines levels is crucial responses for cells alteration and remaining to survive.
Impact of the Inflation Rate, Gross Domestic Product, and the Unemployment Rate on the Fertility Rate of the Philippines
Authors: Cruz Jason Reuben B. Dela , Dequilla Marcus Christian M. , Pizarro-Uy Anna Corinna D.
Published: April 2022

The research aims to provide a closer look at the relationship between economic factors and the fertility rate in the Philippines. The economic factors will be based on the models of fertility written by Davis and Blake in 1956. The researchers used the variables of Gross Domestic Product, Female Unemployment Rate, Male Unemployment Rate, and Inflation Rate as independent variables and saw the relationship of these variables with the Fertility Rate. The results of the regression analysis show a significant relationship between the variables, with having a positive relationship between.
Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Review of Risk Factors, Oxygen Targets, Screening Criteria
Authors: Satnarine Travis , Lee Kin Che-Marie , Kevin Lutchman
Published: April 2022

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a disease of immature retinal tissue that is strongly associated with prematurity, low birth weight, and prolonged oxygen exposure. The purpose of this review is to evaluate published literature to determine which factors can be linked to the development of ROP, which factors are protective against ROP, and which factors are still unclear. It also sought to review the major oxygenation trials in premature infants to establish the recommended oxygen saturation targets in premature babies and what criteria are useful in evaluating infants for ROP. Databases (PubMed, Medline, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar) were used to obtain relevant literary articles. Key findings suggested that major risk factors for ROP were prematurity, low birth weight, and prolonged oxygen exposure. Evidence suggests that maternal diabetes, maternal smoking, prolonged rupture of membranes, lack of antenatal steroids, ethnicity, multiple births, low Apgar scores, and sepsis are risk factors for the development of ROP. Evidence suggests that maternal hypertensive disorders, mode of birth, and chorioamionitis are not associated with ROP. Recommendations of oxygen saturations in the neonate include targets of 90-95% and 90-94%. Screening for ROP is dependent on birth weight, gestational age, and risk factors, with recommendations varying according to pediatric societies.
GERAKAN PEDULI SAMPAH SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN EKONOMI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DESA BLULUKAN COLOMADU KARANGANYAR
Authors: Surahman Susilo , Julijanto Muhammad , Huda Nurul , Arif Bowo Sigit
Published: April 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic is closely related to the healthy living culture established through the New Habit Adaptation program. This research is a type of quantitative research. The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of the waste care movement with economic improvement. This research is a type of quantitative research with quasi-experimental approach. The research was conducted in Blulukan Colomadu Karanganyar Village. The sample in this study numbered 50 random citizens, with the division of 25 people as a control group, and 25 people as an experimental group. The results showed that globally it can be concluded that the economic improvement of the respondents in this study was at a score of 105 with a standard deviation of 11.46, which means the level of economic improvement is in the moderate or sufficient category.
Planning the Production of the Electrical Distribution Converter (400KV/11) Using Time Series Methods and Goal Programming in the Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Ayed Safa Basim , Khalaf Wakas S.
Published: April 2022

This Paper aims to plan the production of the electrical distribution converter (400 KV/11) for one month at Diyala Public Company and with more than one goal for the decision-maker in a fuzzy environment. The fuzzy demand was forecasting using the fuzzy time series model. The fuzzy lead time for raw materials involved in the production of the electrical distribution converter (400 KV/11) was addressed using the fuzzy inference matrix through the application of the matrix in Matlab, and since the decision-maker has more than one goal, so a mathematical model of goal programming was create, which aims to achieve two goals, the first is to reduce the total production costs of the electrical distribution converter (400 KV/11) and the second is to maximize the amount produced from them, where the fuzzy data of the mathematical model were processed using the ranking function. Through the results obtained to solve the mathematical model using the Lingo program, we find that the mathematical model has achieved both objectives, i.e. reduce the total production costs of the main product to less than (4464254500) Iraqi dinars and maximize the amount produced from the main product for more than (17000) parts per month
The Decent Work Impact in Enhancing Job Immersion/ An Applied Research in Labour and Vocational Training Directorate
Authors: Khaleel Areej Saeed , Huseen Zahraa Abbas Ali
Published: April 2022

The research aims to identify decent work and its impact in enhancing job immersion. The questionnaire was adopted as a tool to analyze the sample responses of (81) workers to represent an estimated response rate of (88 per cent) out of the total population of (92) individuals. The research adopted descriptive-analytical approach, and reliability calculation, arithmetic means standard deviations, relative importance, and regression analysis adopted on SPSS v.25. The conclusion shows that there is a medium correlation between decent work and job immersion, and there is a low impact of decent work with its dimensions in job immersion; extract the most important acceptable components for job from the sample point of view about the open query of decent work. As well as practical implications highlighting the workers' rights in Vocational Training Directorate in Iraq built on sound foundations that are guided by quality and acceptability by having decent work standards and enhancing job immersion. The research provides value, most notably interest to safe working conditions, and transfer of workers from a situation of worry to a stable situation by reducing the terms of the contract service period, and conversion of temporary contracts to permanent members
The Role Of Smart Leadership Dimensions In Crisis Management- A study For Opinions Of Sample Of Administrative Leaderships In A number Of Humanities Colleges At The University Of Mosul
Authors: Al-Jameel Reem Saad
Published: April 2022

This research aims at answering many questions raised by the research problem concerning the view of the organizations under consideration for the concept of smart leadership and its most important dimensions, as well as the view of crisis management and its concept and most important methods through research objectives that define and clarify the smart leadership with its dimensions and methods of crisis management.

For the purpose of reaching the results of the research and testing the assumptions about the relationship between smart leadership and methods of crisis management, the researcher adopted a questionnaire, designed especially to be a criterion for the research, as the main tool for data collection. The results of the research sample, which consisted of (44) respondents from administrative leaders working in a number of humanities colleges at the University of Mosul, were analyzed, and important results were reached related to the existence of crisis management methods at the administrative leaders which work through smart leadership in the organization under consideration. The relation between the two variables was one of a strong correlation and the effect was significant between these two variables. The results confirmed the hypothesis of the research, and explanation of the role played by smart leadership in terms of its dimensions in crisis management in the researched field
Effects of Water Scarcity on Rural Household Economy
Authors: Sabbil Adam Ahmed Soliman , Abdulrahman Badreldin Mohamed Ahmed
Published: April 2022

This study examined the effects of water scarcity on rural household economy in El Fashir Rural Council / North Darfur State- western Sudan. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used as to get a deeper understanding of the impact of water scarcity on the rural house economy in the study area. 174 households out of 2017 were selected from 45 villages which were distributed in eight village councils forming the study area. Statistical methods were used to manipulate the data of the study. The obtained results revealed that water scarcity negatively affected the rural household economy in the study area in many features. These include the followings: much family efforts and time were directed to fetch for water consequently, reducing time on farming activities and off-farm income- generating activities especially in summer season. Also scarcity of water negatively affects the household budget allocation in the sense that considerable portion of family income was devoted to meet human and animal water needs or in medical treatments from water related diseases due to consumption of unfit water. But the biggest impact of water scarcity is its adverse effect on the rural household food security due to the reduction of the stable and cash crops productivity or increasing food prices as a fall in the rural household income due to the declining of the annual rainfalls. Finally, water scarcity has resulted in increasing school dropout rates, especially girls, in order to help their families in fetching water for both human and animal consumption which, in the long-run, affect the household economy by jeopardizing the rural household’s human capital
Blockchain Technology and its Potential Effect on the Banking Industry (China Case Study)
Authors: Hassan Aya Adel
Published: April 2022

The aim of the research is to investigate potential effects of the finance industry and block-chain to general business of financing in particular, as well as its shortcomings and difficulties. To answer the research questions, the researcher used the objective narrative-analytical descriptive approach and included a qualitative analysis of Blockchain technology. The process of Blockchain technology based on their industries, the authors were selected based on their reputation in the Blockchain field. The research found that Blockchain can improve the efficiency of the banking industry's various sections. It has the ability to upgrade and transfer wages across borders, financial reporting and compliance, as well as trade finance and capital markets. It also facilitates the procedure of getting to know your customer straightforward, and in addition to these advantages regulation and technological problems are some of the roadblocks. that must be resolved for effective implementation in the financial system
Comparing Some Methods of Estimating the Parameters and Survival Function of a Log-logistic Distribution with a Practical Application
Authors: Al-aameri Samah Sabah Hassan , AL.Doori Entsar Arebe Fadam
Published: April 2022

The Log-Logistic distribution is one of the important statistical distributions as it can be applied in many fields and biological experiments and other experiments, and its importance comes from the importance of determining the survival function of those experiments. The research will be summarized in making a comparison between the method of maximum likelihood and the method of least squares and the method of weighted least squares to estimate the parameters and survival function of the log-logistic distribution using the comparison criteria MSE, MAPE, IMSE, and this research was applied to real data for breast cancer patients. The results showed that the method of Maximum likelihood best in the case of estimating the parameters of the distribution and survival function
The State of the Russian Mineral Fertilizers Market
Authors: Smirnov V.
Published: April 2022

The article presents an analysis of the development of the Russian market of mineral fertilizers, which showed the presence of a steady trend to increase production volumes. The maximum production volumes of mineral fertilizers are observed in the Volga, Central and North-Western Federal districts. The leaders in the supply of fertilizers to Russia are Belarus, Norway, Kazakhstan and Lithuania. The leading buyers of Russian mineral fertilizers in 2021 were Brazil, the USA and China.
Aydın İli Efeler İlçesi’nde Potansiyel Arazi Kullanımı Çatışma Alanlarının LUCIS Modeli ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: KELOĞLU Emre , BAYAR Rüya
Published: April 2022

Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri teknolojileri geleceğe yönelik olarak arazi kullanımı senaryolarının geliştirilmesine imkân tanımaktadır. Arazi Kullanımı Çatışma Tanımlama Stratejisi (Land-Use Conflict Identification Strategy) olarak adlandırılan LUCIS model de; tarımsal, koruma ve kentsel arazi kullanımlarının potansiyel çatışma alanlarını belirleyerek bir sonraki dönem için arazi kullanım değişimlerinin nasıl olacağı konusunda öngörüde bulunan CBS tabanlı bir simülasyon modelidir. Bu araştırmada Aydın’ın merkez ilçesi Efeler’in LUCIS model aracılığıyla arazi kullanım çatışma alanları belirlenerek arazi kullanım tahminleri yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda çok kriterli değerlendirme teknikleri uygulanarak, 56 adet alt amaç, 19 adet amaç ve 12 adet hedef üzerinden, arazi kullanım kategorileri için uygunluk analizleri yapılmış; tarımsal, koruma ve kentsel alanların gelecekteki çatışma alanları tespit edilmiş ve arazi kullanımı tahmin haritası üretilmiştir. Çalışmanın genel sonuçlarına göre: 631 km2’lik ilçe alanının yaklaşık yarısı (%48,84) çatışma alanı içerisinde kalmaktadır ve kentsel yayılma daha ziyade tarım ve koruma alanları üzerinde gerçekleşecektir. Bu durum, tarımsal alanların koruma alanları üzerindeki baskısını hızlandırarak devam ettireceğinin de bir göstergesi olacaktır.
Belief Now, True Belief Later
Authors: Caporuscio Chiara
Published: April 2022

Chris Letheby’s defence of psychedelic therapy hinges on the premise that psychedelic-facilitated insights about the self are in a better epistemic position than those about the external world. In this commentary, I argue that such a claim is not sufficiently defended. More precisely, I argue that one element is underexplored in Letheby’s otherwise compelling picture: namely, that unlike new beliefs about the external world, beliefs about oneself have the capacity to turn into self-fulfilling prophecies. Recognising the psychedelic experience and the subsequent integration process as opportunities not only to apprehend certain facts about the self but also to actively shape and redetermine those facts is key to understanding the epistemic differences between insights patients have about themselves and about the external world.
Insulin Requirement and Complications Associated With Serum C-Peptide Decline in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus During 15 Years After Diagnosis
Authors: Suh Junghwan , Lee Hae In , Lee Myeongseob , Song Kyungchul , Choi Han Saem , Kwon Ahreum , Kim Ho-Seong , Chae Hyun Wook
Published: April 2022

Objective

C-peptide is conventionally used in assessing pancreatic function in patients with diabetes mellitus. The clinical significance of this molecule during the course of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been recently revisited. This study aimed to investigate the natural course of C-peptide in T1DM patients over the period of 15 years and analyze the association between the residual C-peptide and diabetes complications.

Methods

This retrospective study included a total of 234 children and adolescents with T1DM. Patient data including sex, age at diagnosis, anthropometric measures, daily insulin dose, serum HbA1c, post-prandial serum C-peptide levels, lipid profiles, and diabetic complications at the time of diagnosis and 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 years after diagnosis were retrospectively collected.

Results

Among the 234 patients, 101 were men and 133 were women, and the mean patient age at initial diagnosis was 8.3 years. Serum C-peptide decreased constantly since the initial diagnosis, and showed a significant decline at 3 years after diagnosis. At 15 years after diagnosis, only 26.2% of patients had detectable serum C-peptide levels. The subgroup with older patients and patients with higher BMI standard deviation score showed higher mean serum C-peptide, but the group-by-time results were not significant, respectively. Patients with higher serum C-peptide required lower doses of insulin and had fewer events of diabetic ketoacidosis.

Conclusion

Serum C-peptide decreased consistently since diagnosis of T1DM, showing a significant decline after 3 years. Patients with residual C-peptide required a lower dose of insulin and had a lower risk for diabetic ketoacidosis.
Structural Brain Imaging Predicts Individual-Level Task Activation Maps Using Deep Learning
Authors: Ellis David G. , Aizenberg Michele R.
Published: April 2022

Accurate individual functional mapping of task activations is a potential tool for biomarker discovery and is critically important for clinical care. While structural imaging does not directly map task activation, we hypothesized that structural imaging contains information that can accurately predict variations in task activation between individuals. To this end, we trained a convolutional neural network to use structural imaging (T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and diffusion tensor imaging) to predict 47 different functional MRI task activation volumes across seven task domains. The U-Net model was trained on 591 subjects and then subsequently tested on 122 unrelated subjects. The predicted activation maps correlated more strongly with their actual maps than with the maps of the other test subjects. An ablation study revealed that a model using the shape of the cortex alone or the shape of the subcortical matter alone was sufficient to predict individual-level differences in task activation maps, but a model using the shape of the whole brain resulted in markedly decreased performance. The ablation study also showed that the additional information provided by the T2-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging strengthened the predictions as compared to using the T1-weighted imaging alone. These results indicate that structural imaging contains information that is predictive of inter-subject variability in task activation mapping and that cortical folding patterns, as well as microstructural features, could be a key component to linking brain structure to brain function.
Identification of Key Pathways Associated With Residual Feed Intake of Beef Cattle Based on Whole Blood Transcriptome Data Analyzed Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis
Authors: Taiwo Godstime A. , Idowu Modoluwamu , Denvir James , Cervantes Andres Pech , Ogunade Ibukun M.
Published: April 2022

We applied whole blood transcriptome analysis and gene set enrichment analysis to identify pathways associated with divergent selection for low or high RFI in beef cattle. A group of 56 crossbred beef steers (average BW = 261 ± 18.5 kg) were adapted to a high-forage total mixed ration in a confinement dry lot equipped with GrowSafe intake nodes for period of 49 d to determine their residual feed intake (RFI). After RFI determination, whole blood samples were collected from beef steers with the lowest RFI (most efficient; low-RFI; n = 8) and highest RFI (least efficient; high-RFI; n = 8). Prior to RNA extraction, whole blood samples collected were composited for each steer. Sequencing was performed on an Illumina NextSeq2000 equipped with a P3 flow. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to analyze differentially expressed gene sets and pathways between the two groups of steers. Results of GSEA revealed pathways associated with metabolism of proteins, cellular responses to external stimuli, stress, and heat stress were differentially inhibited (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05) in high-RFI compared to low-RFI beef cattle, while pathways associated with binding and uptake of ligands by scavenger receptors, scavenging of heme from plasma, and erythrocytes release/take up oxygen were differentially enriched (FDR < 0.05) in high-RFI, relative to low-RFI beef cattle. Taken together, our results revealed that beef steers divergently selected for low or high RFI revealed differential expressions of genes related to protein metabolism and stress responsiveness.
Experimental Characterization of a Stick-Slip Driving Micro Conveyance Device Consisting of Digital Actuators
Authors: Huyan Pengfei , Huang Yulin , Li Pengchao , Cui Ximing , Petit Laurent , Prelle Christine
Published: April 2022

Micro conveyance devices are important elements in high precision positioning systems, which play vital roles in many scientific and industrial fields and are widely needed in many applications. This work presents the modeling and experimental validation of a pre-designed and fabricated micro conveyance device. This micro conveyance device consists of eight elementary electromagnetic digital actuators and can realize a conveyance application based on a stick-slip driving principle. A dynamic model based on the prototype device was established for stick-slip displacement simulation. Four sub-models of the dynamic model regarding the calculation of actuation force and friction force within the device were built and integrated. Experiments focusing on the conveyance application were carried out to test the performance of the prototype device. It has been observed that the simulated results obtained using the dynamic model were in good agreement with the experiment results. The proposed device suggests an alternative to the micro conveyance system.
Towards a Holistic Framework of Knowledge Worker Productivity
Authors: Óskarsdóttir Helga Guðrún , Oddsson Guðmundur Valur , Sturluson Jón Þór , Sæmundsson Rögnvaldur Jóhann
Published: April 2022

Many jobs today are predominantly knowledge work. This makes organizations dependent on value created by knowledge workers (KWs). Many of the initiatives to improve and manage knowledge worker productivity (KWP) give unpredictable results depending on factors that are often hidden and unknown. It is important to find a holistic approach to improve and manage KWP that gives consistent results across many different organizations. This paper takes us a step closer towards that objective by mapping insights gained from a systematic literature review to activities in a purposeful activity model of the individual KW at work and, based on the findings, proposing a draft of a holistic KWP framework. The main components of the framework are the state of the individual KW, work done and outcome. The systematic literature review searched for papers with topics that touched on approaches, frameworks, tools, or models which aim to tackle the productivity, performance, effectiveness, efficiency, or management of KWs. Relevant concepts were extracted from each paper and categorized into groups. Twelve groups were formed of which six consisted of concepts relevant to individual KWs and their work: organizational commitment and engagement, communication and relationships, personal characteristics and development, personal knowledge management, well-being and job satisfaction and task approach.
Assessment of Radiative Heating for Hypersonic Earth Reentry Using Nongray Step Models
Authors: Yang Xinglian , Wang Jingying , Zhou Yue , Sun Ke
Published: April 2022

Accurate prediction of the aerothermal environment is of great significance to space exploration and return missions. The canonical Fire II trajectory points are simulated to investigate the radiative transfer in the shock layer for Earth reentry at hypervelocity above 10 km/s using a developed radiation–flowfield uncoupling method. The thermochemical nonequilibrium flow is solved by an in-house PHAROS Navier–Stokes code, while the nongray radiation is integrated by the tangent slab approximation, respectively, combined with the two-, five-, and eight-step models. For the convective heating, the present results agree well with the data of Anderson’s relation. For the radiative heating, the two-step model predicts the closest values with the results of Tauber and Sutton’s relationship, while the five- and eight-step models predict far greater. The three-step models all present the same order of magnitude of radiative heating of 1 MW/m2 and show a consistent tendency with the engineering estimation. The Planck-mean absorption coefficient is calculated to show the radiative transfer significantly occurs in the shock layer. By performing the steady simulation at each flight trajectory point, the present algorithm using a nongray step model with moderate efficiency and reasonable accuracy is promising to solve the real-time problem in engineering for predicting both convective and radiative heating to the atmospheric reentry vehicle in the future.
Cooperative Smooth Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Guidance with Tracking Differentiator for Active Aircraft Defense
Authors: Li Quancheng , Fan Yonghua , Yan Tian , Liang Xuechao , Yan Jie
Published: April 2022

Aimed at the poor performance of guidance algorithms designed based on a linearized model in active defense under large leading angle deviation, both-way and one-way cooperative sliding mode guidance algorithms based on the smooth nonsingular terminal sliding mode for the defense missile are proposed. The relative kinematics and linearized models of the target, the active defense missile, and the attacking missile are established. In the design process, two smooth nonsingular terminal sliding mode surfaces are constructed based on zero-effort miss distance and zero-effort velocity, as well as their integral values. A tracking differentiator is introduced for excessive initial command deviation to meet the overload constraints of the active missile and the target. The sensitivity of guidance law to the estimated time-to-go error is reduced, and the target is allowed to perform an independent evasive maneuver. The effectiveness of the proposed guidance strategy is verified by numerical simulation and compared to the existing guidance strategies, the high accuracy, anti-chattering, and strong robustness of the proposed guidance algorithm are verified.