bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validitas nilai CA 19-9 praoperatif dalam memprediksi resektabilitas pada kejadian karsinoma pankreas
Authors: Wiguna Kadek Adi , Sudartana Ketut , Golden Nyoman
Published: April 2020

Latar Belakang: Karsinoma pancreas adalah penyakit dengan median survival rate yang rendah dengan angka resectabilitas yang juga rendah. pasien dengan stadium lanjut hanya kurang dari 10 % dapat di reseksi dengan kriteria margin nol setelah sebelumnya dinyatakan dapat di reseksi dari pemeriksaan CT scan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui validitas dari CA 19-9 sebagai prediktor derajat invasive karsinoma pancreas. Metode: rancangan penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol dengan retrospektif, menelusuri kebelakang data data pasien di rekam medik di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar mulai agustus 2015 sampai agustus 2017. Didapatkan 18 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil: rata rata responden dengan karsinoma pancreas berumur 52 tahun, Kanker pancreas di nyatakan unresectable berdasarkan analisis curva Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) AUC (Area Under Curve) sebesar 83,8% (CI 95%: 54,4% - 100, %) Titik potong dari kurva AUC kadar CA 19-9 yaitu 126,76 dengan sensitifitas sebesar 76, 9 % dan spesifitas 80 %. Secara statistic didapatkan CA 19-9 valid sebagai penentu unresektabilitas dengan sensitivitas sebesar 76,9%. Kesimpulan: CA 19-9 merupakan tumor marker yang dapat memprediksi derajat invasi suatu kanker pancreas sehingga diharapkan tindakan lebih tepat dapat segera diambil bila kita mengetahui nilai dari tumor marker ini
Karsinoma sel basal tipe nodular yang diterapi dengan bedah eksisi elips dan anastesi tumesen
Authors: Darmaputra I Gusti Nyoman , Wardhana Made , Adhilaksman I Gde Nengah , Indira I Gusti Ayu Agung Elis , Suryawati Nyoman
Published: April 2020

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has a very slow-growing and rarely metastatic nature but tends to be locally invasive and relapse after therapy. Elliptical excision is one of the surgical procedures in the field of dermatology which is most often used with the application of tumescent techniques.Case Description: A woman, 64 years old, no. CM. 18.03.11.71, Balinese tribe, on July 30, 2018, came to the Dermatology and Venerology Polyclinic at Sanglah General Hospital with a frequent symptom of arising from wounds on the forehead. The lession began one year ago. Initially, it was a small reddish lump which was then felt more and more dilated as well as became blackish and accompanied by itching. Dermatology examination revealed hyperpigmentation, solitary, oval, 3x2cm, multiple erosion, firm boundary, round shape, 0.3-0.4 cm in diameter, covered in black crusting on top.Conclusion: The diagnosis of BCC determined on anamnesis, physical examination, dermoscopy, and histopathology regard with standard ellipse excision surgery.
Deteksi dini skoliosis di tingkat Sekolah Dasar Katolik Santo Yoseph 2
Authors: Baswara Cok Gde Prema Kurnia , Weta I Wayan , Ani Luh Seri
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The number of cases of scoliosis found in the world is high reach 4.5% of the total world general population, while for Indonesia and Bali there has been no incidence rate for the scoliosis. The most common case of scoliosis found is idiopathic as much as 80% of the total cases found so far. Early detection of this scoliosis plays a role to know early on whether there are abnormalities in the spine or not and if there is can to be prevented from getting worse.Method: This study is an observational descriptive study by directly measuring the spine of elementary school students by using a scoliometer.Result: Total of 96 primary school students who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the most sexes were women with 51 students (53.1%), who were suspected of having scoliosis were 62 (64.4%), on adolecent suspected of scoliosis with 39 students (81,3%) and scoliosis criteria was mostly found in intermediate criteria of 55 students (88,7%)Conclusion: The prevalence of scoliosis in primary school students is 88%, most scoliosis criteria are found at the intermediate level, and female sex is more likely to have scoliosis than men
Hubungan insomnia dengan depresi pada lanjut usia di Sesetan Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan Tahun 2017
Authors: Yasoda Gera Luh Putu Mettary , Wahyuni Anak Ayu Sri , Ardani IGA Indah
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Insomnia is difficulty falling or maintaining sleep that often experienced by general population. Insomnia mostly experienced by elderly woman, people with low education and low economy and in people Â who Â have Â chronic Â disease. Â Insomnia Â isÂ  risk Â factor Â from Â psychiatric Â disorder Â especially depression. Insomnia increase the risk in depression development. Depression is disorder on personal, interpersonalÂ  and social that affecting general population. The purpose of this study is to know the relationship between insomnia and depression in elderly.Method: The type of this study is analytical observational (Cross-sectional)Â  study with amount of sample 32 respondents that conducted in Banjar Gaduh and Banjar Tengah in Sesetan, South Denpasar District in elderly in 2017. This study is using the primary data obtained through questionnaire and interview (GDS and ISI) and analyzed through SPSS 21.0.Result: This study found that from 32 respondents experienced insomnia (50%), not experienced InsomniaÂ Â  (50%), Â experiencedÂ  Â depressionÂ  Â (28.1%) Â and Â no Â experienceÂ  Â depressionÂ  Â (71.9%) Â and relationship insomnia with depression on eldery obtained value p < 0.05 . The R-square value indicates value of 0.673 which means that role variable independent in explain variable dependent only of 67.3%, could be concluded that still there are 24.6% other variables outside the research variables that affect insomnia.Conclusion: There were a significant relationships between depression and insomnia.
Karakteristik diare pada anak di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2017
Authors: Satrianjaya I Dewa Made , Nesa Ni Nyoman Metriani , Mahalini Dewi Sutriani
Published: April 2020

Background: Diarrhea is one of the most common diseases affecting children around the world. In Indonesia, the national rate of diarrhea prevalence is 9% where 16.7% of cases occur at 1-4 years old and 16.5% of cases at under one year old. In addition, dehydration causes most mortalities. Aim: This study aims to determine the characteristics of diarrhea in children in Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar. Method: Thisstudyis a cross-sectional study design using secondary data from the register data in the Pediatric Division of Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar from January to November 2017. Of the 170 data, there were 165 survival samples. Characteristics of diarrhea in children are described using tables, pie charts, and graphs.Result: Most of the sample were males (56.5%), infants (40%), patients from Denpasar (55.3%) and those with good nutritional status (60%). The mean age of the patient was 26.6 months, the mean body weight was 10.6 kg, and the mean height was 79.8 cm. Most of them were diagnosed with acute diarrhea (98%), where the most common cause is a viral infection (75%). The most common comorbid diseases are congenital heart disease and neurological disease (10.6%). Most patients have only mild dehydration (57%). Long term treatment of diarrhea patient in child wards mostly for 2-3 days.Conclusion: Diarrheain children in Sanglah Denpasar Hospital period January-November 2017 most suffered by men and babies, mostly from Denpasar. Most of them have acute diarrhea that is mainly caused by a viral infection.
Karakteristik anemia pada lansia di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar pada bulan Januari-Juni 2017
Authors: Zahra Alvi Laili , Putrawan Ida Bagus Putu , Dharmayuda Tjokorda Gde
Published: April 2020

Background: Anemia is a symptom depending on the decrease of hemoglobin levels, the number of erythrocytes, and the volume of erythrocytes. The symptoms of anemia commonly occur in the elderly. In general, the common causes that often complained in the elderly are less efficient in absorbing some of the nutrients, decreased appetite due to illness, difficulty swallowing due to reducing of saliva, slow feeding, reduced teeth, and nausea. Anemia in the elderly should not be considered as an unavoidable consequence of aging. Treatment of this problem should start as early as possible.Aim: This study aims to determine the characteristics of anemia in the elderly in RSUP Sanglah from January to June 2017.Method: This research is a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Data obtained in the form of secondary data patient record period JanuaryÂ  - June 2017. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010.Result: Of the 102 patients, the average age was 69.3 Â± 7.1 years with the highest proportion of patients aged 60-70 years old is 56 people (54.9%). The proportion of male is 71 people (69,6%). Of the total samples, there were 75 patients anemia patientsÂ  (73.5%) and 27 patients without anemia (26.5%). The highest proportion of anemia depend on their stages are 51 patients of mild anemia (68%). 47 patients (62.7%) were normochromic and normocitary anemia. The highest proportion is anemia with kidney disease (38,7%).
Hubungan asupan serat dengan angka kejadian kanker kolorektal di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2016 - 2017
Authors: Swari Rani Pradnya , Sueta Made Agus Dwianthara , Adnyana Made Suka
Published: April 2020

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer in Indonesia. The etiology of colorectal cancer is still unknown, but many risk factors believed may causing colorectal cancer, one of them is fiber intake of foods consumed every day like vegetables, fruits, and peanuts. There is an instrument that can be used to assess fiber intake per day.Aim: The study aimed to know how the correlation between fiber intake and colorectal cancer patient are in Sanglah General Hospital.Method: The design is a case-control analytic study, obtained total of 104 samples that divided into case group (52 samples) and control group (52 samples), in which secondary data with medical record data and also primary data with questionnaire are collected. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program.Result: Of the 104 samples that divided into case group and control group with 1:1 ratio, patients who diagnosed with colorectal cancer had a history of low fiber intake higher 6.75 times than peoples who not diagnosed with colorectal cancer (OR=6.75; 95% CI 2.85-15.96; P<0.001).Conclusion: Patients who diagnosed with colorectal cancer had a history of low fiber intake per day higher 6.75 times than samples which did not diagnose with colorectal cancer.
The characteristic of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia before and after phototherapy at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali in 2017
Authors: Sandhi Parwata Wayan Sulaksmana , Putra Putu Junara , Kardana Made , Artana Wayan Dharma , Sukmawati Made
Published: April 2020

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is the most clinical problem in newborn babies.Â  Hyperbilirubinemia occurs 60% in aterm babies and 80% in premature babies. This study aims to know the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia, characteristics of hyperbilirubinemia and effect of phototherapies to bilirubin levels.Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted using medical records among 94 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia who treated with phototherapies at Sanglah hospital during 2017. Data regarding gender, gestational weeks, type of delivery, size for gestational age, the onset of hyperbilirubinemia, etiology, birth weight, maternal gravid status, and bilirubin levels were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software descriptively.Results: From 94 neonatal hyperbilirubinemia that meet the inclusion criteria, 51 (54.3%) Â males and 43 (45.7%) females based on gender. Mean gestational ages were 36.35Â±2.921 weeks. The major etiology of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were breastfeeding jaundice 33 (25.8%), Prematurity 23 (18.7%), ABO incompatibility 13 (10.6%), Breast milk jaundice 11 (8.9%), gastrointestinal malformation 6 (4.9%), G6PD deficiency 5 (4.1%), and sepsis 3 (2.4%). The mean total bilirubin prior to phototherapy was 15.6Â±4.11 mg/dL whereas the indirect bilirubin was 14.56Â± 3.55 mg/dL. The duration of phototherapy in this study was 2.8Â±0.65 days.Conclusions: The incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia during 2017 at Sanglah Hospital were predominantly caused by breastfeeding jaundice, prematurity, and ABO incompatibility. There were decreased bilirubin levels following phototherapies.
Gambaran umum berbagai faktor keterlambatan pemberian nutrisi enteral pada pasien anak di Ruang Rawat Intensif Anak, RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Apsari Ni Luh Sri , Sidiartha I Gusti Lanang , Hartawan I Nyoman Budi , Wati Dyah Kanya , Suparyatha Ida Bagus Gede
Published: April 2020

Background: Enteral nutrition is the primary choice in pediatric patients who do not experience gastrointestinal disorders. Many factors inhibit the achievement of enteral nutrition in pediatric patients treated in intensive care. This study aims to determine the overview of various factors that may result in delays enteral nutrition administration in critically ill pediatric patientsMethods: An observational cross-sectional analytic study was carried out on secondary data of medical records among children who were treated in pediatric intensive care unit at Sanglah Hospital throughout 2016. Delay in enteral nutrition was assessed if there was enteral nutrition administration more than 2x24 hours since first admission. Factors assessed include gender, age, PELOD, diagnosis, invasive breathing aids, impaired motility, gastrointestinal bleeding, and hemodynamic instability. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 20 software program whereas P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: From the 115 samples, there were 69 (60%) males and 46 (40%) females. About 50 samples (43,5%) experienced delayed enteral nutrition. Significant variables related to the delay in enteral nutrition after multivariate analysis were gastrointestinal motility disorders (p = 0,004, OR 9,082, 95% IK 2,827 â€“ 29,171), and gastrointestinal bleeding (p = 0,0001; OR 14,317; IK 95 % 4,087 â€“ 50,155).Conclusion Intestinal motility disorders and gastrointestinal bleeding are known as a contributing factor in the delay of enteral nutrition administration in PICU Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali.
Profile of maxillofacial injuries in Departement of Emergency Trauma and Acute Care Surgery in Sanglah General Hospital from January 2012 to November 2018
Authors: Wiradana Anak Agung Gde Agung Anom Arie , Wiargitha Ketut
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Maxillofacial injuries are common cause of trauma in emergency department. The goals in the treatment of maxillofacial injury are to restore premorbid occlusion. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and outcome of the maxillofacial injuries patient in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar Bali.Methods Retrospective study was held in Sanglah General Hospital from January 2012 to November 2018. The samples consisted of 241 patients. Age, gender, type of the fractures and surgical management were evaluated.Results Maxillofacial injuries mostly occurred in male, aged 18-40 years old, the mandible was most frequently involved facial bone. Â Internal fixation was the golden standard of the treatment chosen (83.73%) followed by Arch bar (16.27%).Conclusion Road traffic accidents are the main reason for maxillofacial injury in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar Bali. Precise diagnosis and proper treatment result in optimal occlusion and integrity nervous system, both internal fixation and arch bar were given good outcome.
Pengaruh waktu simpan Packed Red Cells (PRC) terhadap perubahan kadar hemoglobin, hematokrit, dan glukosa plasma di RSUP H. Adam Malik, Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Saragih Pesalmen , Adhayanti Ida , Lubis Zulfikar , Hariman Herman
Published: April 2020

Background: Someone who approves the PRC must have been transfused no more than 24 hours after the creation of the PRC; some also apply 3 days. But there are also those that apply up to 1 week. PRC is still feasible to be transfused immediately by seeing changes that occur in the value of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), and plasma needed when storing.Methods: 30 whole blood bags (WB) were taken for this study. The WB is at the request of the doctor for the manufacture of PRC. The blood bag is rotated at a speed of 4,000 RPM for 15 minutes. From the PRC, 3 cc of blood was taken on 1,3,5,7 days for hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), and glucose plasma. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software for Windows.Results: After 1-day taking 3 cc of blood, PRC was stored at 4 Â° C, and then 3cc was taken also on days 3, 5, 7. The results showed that hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht) increased from day 1 until day 7 but not significant (P> 0.05), plasma plasma showed a decrease from day 1 to day 7 and significant (P <0.001) but the value was still within normal limits. Correlation value between Hb and PRC retention time; r = 0.127, Ht with the shelf life of PRC, r = 0.160, plasma glucose with the length of time the PRC is stored; r = -0,844.Conclusion: PRC stored for 7 days is still feasible to use. There was a decrease in plasma glucose but still within normal limits.
Efek pemberian kombinasi jus aloe vera dan glibenklamid terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada model tikus diabetes yang diinduksi dengan streptozotosin dan nikotinamid
Authors: Muliawan I Kadek Dwi Iman
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Antidiabetic oral was not optimal for reducing blood glucose, patients use the various antidiabetic herbs along with antidiabetic drug for controlling their blood glucose level. Aloe vera is one of the plants that are often used by diabetic patients who are also taking antidiabetic medication and susceptible arise interaction between them. Objectives of this study is to determine the effect of Aloe vera juice and glibenclamide combination in reducing blood glucose levels in the diabetic rats model induced by streptozotosin and nicotinamide.Method: Research metodology the diabetic rats were randomized into three groups and administered CMC 0,5%, glibenclamide, or Aloe vera and glibenclamide. The animals were treated orally once daily for twentyeight days. Data were analyzed using one way AnovaResult: Findings of this study indicate that of Aloe vera juice in combination with glibenclamide significantly reduced blood glucose levels significantly in diabetes rats model (p<0,05)Conclusion: Combination of Aloe vera juice and glibenclamide be able to lower blood glucose levels and statistically significant.
Uji efektivitas ekstrak etanol kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 secara in vitro
Authors: Astridwiyanti Anak Agung Bintang , Mahendra Agung Nova , Dewi Ni Wayan Sucindra
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Infectious diseases are still one of the main causes of high morbidity and mortality in tropical Indonesia. One of the causes of this disease is the staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Red dragon fruit peel contains potentially antibacterial compounds such as flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tannin dan terpenoid. The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of red dragon fruit peel against staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.Method: The method used is true experimental post test only control group design. The activity of ethanol extract of red dragon fruit skin was tested in various concentrations (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) against staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 by measuring the inhibition zone diameter and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).Result: The results of this study show that red dragon fruit peel ethanolic extract has antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 ith the average diameter of inhibition zone ranging from 8.25 mm â€“ 12.5 mm. The MIC is obtained at concentration of 25%. Kruskal-Wallis test found a significant comparison with a value of p = 0,000 (p value <0.05). Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant differences between each concentration, except the concentration of 50% did not have a significant difference with a concentration of 75%.Conclusion: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is produced by extract at a concentration of 25% and the best inhibitory zone produced by 100% concentration of red dragon peel ethanol extract.
Major risk factors that are potential for infertility among male semester 3 and 5 medical students, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University year 2017
Authors: Subramaniam Yashni , Karmaya Nyoman Mangku
Published: April 2020

Introduction: A couple being unable to get pregnant result out of unprotected sex and have been trying for one year is defined as the inability to conceive or infertile. Other reasons can be due to the male lifestyle itself, for example obesity, alcohol consumption and also smoking. This study aims to look for various things that might be risk factors for infertility in male students of semester III and V, in the Faculty of Medicine of Udayana University in 2017.Method: This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design carried out during the 2017 period using the questionnaire given to respondents, a total of 116 male respondents in this study. Identification of lifestyle that can be a risk factor for infertility was assessed in all respondent.Result: Through this research, it can be known that lifestyle risk factors that cause infertility are using a laptop on the lap for hours (29.3%), injury in groin area (14,%), alcoholism (11.2%), continuous fast food consumption (12.1%), and obesity (6.9%), and active smoker (1.7%). In the other side of the person still doing a sedentary lifestyle and low physical activity.Conclusion: Sedentary lifestyles with low physical activity are common lifestyle finding among medical students so that this can be a lifestyle that becomes a risk factor for the onset of infertility.
Hubungan ASI eksklusif terhadap terjadinya diare akut di Puskesmas III Denpasar Utara periode 2018
Authors: Adikarya I Putu Gede Danika , Nesa Ni Nyoman Metriani , Sukmawati Made
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Diarrhea is still a public health problem in developing countries, including Indonesia, because of its high morbidity and mortality. Breast milk is one of the important factors to reduce mortality and morbidity due to diarrhea. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of exclusive breastfeeding to the occurrence of acute diarrhea. This research is analytic research with cross sectional method.Method: The study was carried out in Community Health Centre III Subdistrict of North Denpasar from October to November 2018. The research subjects were taken by consecutive sampling. Data analysis used the prevalence ratio calculation and chi square test to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea.Result: In this study the results of acute diarrhea patients in the exclusive breastfeeding group were 17 children and non-exclusive breastfeeding as many as 31 children. Subjects who did not experience acute diarrhea in the excluded breastfeeding group were 28 children and in the non-exclusive breastfeeding group as many as 14 children. The results of statistical analysis showed the value of p=0.003 (p<0.05)Â  PR=0.514 CI 95% (0.115-0.656).Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding has a significant relationship with the incidence of acute diarrhea and is a protective factor for the incidence of diarrhea.
Hipertensi sebagai prediktor kejadian kardiovaskular mayor pada pasien infark miokard akut pada tahun 2018 di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia
Authors: Kirthi A A Ayu Kaivalya , Yasmin A. A. Ayu Dwi Adelia , Artha I Made Junior Rina , Bhargah Agha
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, as well as emerged as a very important health problem in developing countries. Despite of management and treatment of AMI strategies has been evolving. Complications due to AMI cause high morbidity and mortality. To minimalize complications in AMI patients need some risk stratification. Risk stratification have been made based on AMI pathophysiology. Hypertension is a factor that directly influences the development of atherosclerosis through mechanical stress.Method: This study was a retrospective cohort observational study that enrolled 70 patients with AMI as the subject of research by consecutive sampling from January 2018 â€“ September 2018. Data retrieval is done by taking data from medical records of patients in the Sanglah General Hospital. Outcome observed was in-hospital MACE (cardiovascular death, cardiogenic shock, heart failure, and malignant arrhythmias).Result: In this study, it was found that hypertension is a predictor of major cardiovascular events by almost 5-fold (HR = 5,02, 95% CI = 1,32-19,20, p = <0.018in patients with AMI that were treated at Sanglah General Hospital.Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is hypertension is a predictor of major cardiovascular events in patients with AMI on admission to hospital. The results of this study are expected to be used as baseline data for subsequent larger studies.
Gambaran aspek lingkungan dan perilaku pencegahan penularan tuberkulosis paru pada pasien tuberkulosis paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Dawan I, Kabupaten Klungkung tahun 2017
Authors: Helmi Rumkabu Yoseph Louis , Rochman Fatqur , Wikananda Dewa Ayu Tintyani Rahmani , Deny Yuliatni Putu Cintya
Published: April 2020

Pendahuluan: Tuberkulosis paru adalah penyakit reemerging dan masih ditemukan di Provinsi Bali. Untuk mengurangi bertambahnya TB paru dan masalah yang ditimbulkan, perlu dilakukan penanganan awal yang dapat dilakukan yaitu di lingkungan keluarga. Selain untuk menyembuhkan pasien dan mencegah kematian, tujuan pengobatan TB lainnya yaitu mencegah kekambuhan dan memutuskan rantai penularan.Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran aspek lingkungan dan perilaku pencegahan penularan tuberkulosis paru pada pasien TB Paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Dawan IMetode: Penelitan ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif menggunakan rancangan cross-sectional pada populasi pasien TB paru di Puskesmas Dawan I, Klungkung. Sampel ditentukan melalui total sampling, yaitu pasien tuberkulosis dengan BTA (+) selama tahun 2016-2017. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner tentang gambaran aspek lingkungan dan perilaku pencegahan penularan tuberkulosis paru. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisa secara deskriptif dengan program SPSS.Hasil: Gambaran responden yaitu 68,4% usia produktif; tamatan SMA 42,1%; PNS/pensiunan dan buruh 31,6%; keluarga kurang mampu 47,4%. Pada aspek lingkungan penderita TB, pencahayaan cukup 68,4%; kamar mandi cukup 89,5%; penghuni 1-3 orang 63,2%; luas ventilasi kamar tidur kurang 57,9%. Pada aspek pengetahuan mayoritas pengetahuan masyarakat tentang TB sudah baik.Simpulan: Sebagian besar penderita TB paru berada pada rentang usia produktif, jenis kelamin perempuan, berpenghasilan rendah, tingkat pendidikan rata-rata SMA. Mayoritas responden memiliki tempat tinggal dan pencegahan penularan penyakit yang sudah baik.
Hubungan antara obesitas sentral dengan kadar Hba1c pada penduduk usia 30-50 tahun di Lingkungan Batursari Desa Bitera, Gianyar
Authors: Sucitawati Putu Devita , Santhi DGD Dharma , Subawa AA Ngurah
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Central obesity is condition there is an accumulation of intraabdominal and subcutaneous fat that occurs in the abdominal area which can cause insulin resistance so that glucose is difficult to enter the cell and causes blood glucose levels to increase in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Waist circumference is one indicator used for measure central obesity. This study aims to determine the relationship between central obesity and HbA1c levels.Methods: This study was observational analytic with a cross sectional approach. The study population was adults aged 30-50 years in the Batursari, Bitera Village, Gianyar. Data taken included age, sex, occupation, waist circumference, BMI, HbA1c levels in 50 respondents taken by purposive sampling method. The relationship between central obesity and HbA1c levels was analyzed using Pearson correlation test with a significance level of 0.05.Result: The majority of the sample were central obesity based on waist circumference (60%). The number of respondents with HbA1c level â‰¥ 6.5% by 30%. Pearson Product Moment correlation test between central obesity and HbA1c level with p = 0.001 and Pearson Correlation r = 0.456.Conclusion: There is a significant positive relationship between central obesity and HbA1c levelsLatar Belakang: Obesitas sentral adalah suatu keadaan dimana adanya akumulasi lemak intraabdominal dan subkutan yang terjadi di daerah abdomen yang dapat menyebabkan resistensi insulin sehingga glukosa sulit untuk memasuki sel dan menyebabkan kadar glukosa darah meningkat pada penyakit Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2. Lingkar pinggang merupakan salah satu indikator yang digunakan untuk mengukur obesitas sentral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang hubungan antara obesitas sentral dengan kadar HbA1c.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah penduduk dewasa usia 30-50 tahun di Lingkungan Batursari, Desa Bitera, Gianyar. Data yang diambil meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, lingkar pinggang, IMT, kadar HbA1c pada 50 responden yang diambil dengan metode purposive sampling. Hubungan antara obesitas sentral dengan kadar HbA1c dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson dengan derajat kemaknaan 0,05.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mengalami obesitas sentral berdasarkan lingkar pinggang (60%). Jumlah responden dengan kadar HbA1c â‰¥ 6,5% sebesar 30%. Uji korelasi Pearson Product Moment antara obesitas sentral dengan kadar HbA1c dengan nilai p = 0,001 dan nilai Pearson Correlation r = 0,456.Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan positif bermakna antara obesitas sentral dengan kadar HbA1c.
Pemeriksaan widal untuk mendiagnosis Salmonella typhi di Puskesmas Denpasar Timur 1
Authors: Cerqueira Melania Antonia Barreto , Mahartini Ni Nyoman , Yasa I Wayan Putu Sutirta
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Typhoid fever is an acute systemic infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi which is still widely found in various developing countries, especially in the tropics and subtropics. Widal test is an agglutination reaction between antigen and S. typhi O titer antibodies> 1/160 and S. typhi H titer >1/160, Aglutinin that is specific to Salmonella typhi in the serum of patients with typhoid fever.Methods: This research was descriptive observational cross sectional. The population of the study was patients from the East Denpasar Health Center 1 who presented with clinical symptoms that supported.Result: There were 10 sample (30%) aged 0-10 years, 12 sample (36%) people aged 11-20 years, 7 sample (21%) aged 21-30 years, and 4 sample (12%) people aged >30 year. Samples with clinical symptoms of fever> 37 Â° C with digestive disorders (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain) with or without impaired consciousness were 18 samples (55%). Samples with clinical symptoms of fever> 37 Â° C with digestive tract disorders were 11 samples (33%). Samples with fever> 37 Â° C were 4 samples (12%)Conclusion: There were 3% of positive widal test and 97% of negative widal test in the East Denpasar Health Center 1.Latar Belakang: Demam tifoid merupakan suatu penyakit infeksi akut sistemik yang disebabkan oleh Salmonella typhi yang masih dijumpai secara luas di berbagai negara berkembang terutama di daerah tropis dan subtropics. Uji Widal adalah suatu reaksi aglutinasi antara antigen dan antibody S. typhi O titer > 1/160 dan S. typhi H titer >1/160, Aglutinin yang spesifikÂ  terhadapÂ  SalmonellaÂ  typhi Â terhadap dalam serum penderita demamÂ  tifoid.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat observasional cross sectional deskriptif Populasi Penelitian adalah pasien dari Puskesmas Denpasar Timur 1 datang dengan gejala klinis yang mendukung.Hasil: Rentang usia dari 33 pasien subjek penelitian, terdapat 10 sampel(30%) berusia 0 â€“ 10 tahun, 12 sampelÂ  (36 %) sampel berusia 11 â€“ 20 tahun, 7 sampel (21%) berusia 21-30 tahun, Â dan 4 sampelÂ  (12 %) sampel berusia > 30 tahun. Sampel dengan gejala klinis demam > 37 Â°C dengan gangguan pencernaan (mual, muntah, nyeri perut) dengan atau tanpa gangguan kesadaran sebanyak 18 sampel (55%). Sampel dengan gejala klinis demam > 37Â°C dengan gangguan saluran pencernaan sebanyak 11 sampel (33%). Sampel dengan demam >37Â°C sebanyak 4 sampel (12%)Simpulan: Terdapat 3% sampel dengan widal positif dan 97% sampel dengan widal negatif di Puskesmas Denpasar Timur 1.
The characteristic of tinea capitis in children among dermato-venereology outpatientsâ€™ polyclinic at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar from 2014-2017: a preliminary study
Authors: Gopal Velava Kumar , Adiguna Made Swastika , Sudarsa Prima Sanjiwani Saraswati
Published: April 2020

Background: Tinea capitis is a type of dermatophytosis (skin disease) caused by the infection of dermatophytes. It is generally caused by the dermatophyte species of Microsporum and Trichophyton. It has been known to be able to spread human to human and animal to human. It is also almost commonly found in the prepubertal age and very rare among the adults of either gender. This study aims to determine the prevalence of Tinea capitis in children by age, sex, clinical manifestation, laboratory tests, and treatments.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study from the medical records of patients with Tinea capitis was conducted at Dermato-Venereology Outpatient Clinic RSUP Sanglah from 2014 to 2017. A total of 5 research variables were identified for this study: age, sex, clinical manifestation, laboratory tests, and treatment. The data was then analyzed and interpreted and further presented in forms of description, tables and graphs in this study by using SPSS version 17 for WindowsResults: A total of 32 patients were identified as having Tinea capitis from the period of 2014â€“2017. There was a slightly higher prevalence in the male gender (56.25%) compared with female gender (43.75%). The highest prevalence of the disease was found in the age groups of 1 â€“ 5 and 6 â€“ 10 years old with 43.75% respectively. Majority of the patients showed the presence of grey patch on their scalp on examination (53.13%). The dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum had the highest isolation in comparison with other dermatophytes at 25.00%. The patients were almost all treated with oral Griseofulvin.Conclusion: The majority diagnosis of Tinea capitis was found in group 1-5 and 6-10 years old and had a grey patch appearance, whereas Trichophyton rubrum as the highest isolation in comparison with other dermatophytes
The characteristics of preeclampsia among patients delivered through caesarean section at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali in 2018
Authors: Pramanik Anindita , Manuaba Ida Bagus Gede Fajar , Wiradnyana Anak Agung Putra
Published: April 2020

Background: Preeclampsia is an exclusive disorder in pregnancy characterised by hypertension as well as proteinuria and is the primary cause of mortality and morbidity of pregnant women. This study aims to determine the characteristics or risk factors in preeclampsia patients who delivered through caesarean section within the period of January 1st to December 31st 2018 in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar.Methods: This study used a retrospective descriptive study design by using 34 samples of preeclampsia patients in 2018 who underwent caesarean delivery in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar. The characteristics of these pregnant women are categorized into their age, education level, Body Mass Index (BMI), ethnicity, occupation, education level, previous history of preeclampsia, family history of preeclampsia, existing chronic hypertension, parity, number of fetus in womb, frequency of Antenatal Care (ANC), and registration method. Data were analysed by SPSS version 17 for windows.Results: The preeclampsia sufferers were dominated by the age group of 20-35 years as many as 27 people (79.4%). The highest body mass index is in the 1 obese group of 10 people (29.4%). The majority of respondents were from Bali (61.8%). Working women were predominant (67.6 %), followed by SMA education level (14.7%), existing chronic hypertension (5.9%), nulliparous (41.1%), single fetuses (94.1%), and total frequency of ANC to midwife/obstetrician consisting about 61.8%.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the majority of the patients were in the age range of 20-35 years, were Balinese and had a BMI range of Obese I. Moreover, most the preeclampsia patients in this study were working women and had an education level mostly in SMA
Analisis faktor risiko bayi Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) di Unit Pelayanan Terpadu (UPT) Kesehatan Masyarakat (Kesmas) Gianyar I tahun 2016-2017
Authors: Permana Padma , Wijaya Gede Bagus Rawida
Published: April 2020

Background: One of the major causes of newborn mortality is Low Birth Weight (LBW). Each year estimated 15% to 20% of world births or more than 20 million babies are LBW. In UPT Kesmas Gianyar I, there is an increasing trend of LBW incidence from 2014 to June 2017. So, this study aims to determine several risk factors associated with LBW at UPT Kesmas Gianyar I during 2016-2017 period.Methods: A case-control analytic study was conducted among case group of LBW mothers and control group of mothers with normal weight babies in 2017. Selection technique of case group done by total sampling method, while control group by simple random sampling. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21 for Windows and showing in odds ratio, percentage, and p-value.Results: A total of 106 respondens were enrolled in this study whereas each group consists of 53 patients. There was no significant relationship between motherâ€™s age, number of parity, anemia status, nutritional status, and distance of pregnancy with low birth weight incidence (P>0.05). However, multiple pregnancy has shown a significant relationship with LBW (OR: 14.9; 95%CI 3.2-68.5; P=0.0001) as well as gestational age (OR: 3.1; 95% CI 1.02-9.50; P=0.038). Conclusion: Mothers with multiple pregnancies have a 14.9 times risk of having a baby LBW as well as a premature gestational age also have a 3.1 times higher risk of delivering LBW infants.
Global organ shortage: an analysis of national self‑sufficiency strategies
Authors: Reznik O. N. , Mikhel D. V.
Published: April 2020

From the standpoint of socio-humanitarian knowledge, the paper analyzes the problem of global organ shortage. The basic ideas of the international medical community about organ shortage and the main proposals for overcoming it are considered. Special emphasis is placed on the three most revealing national self-sufficiency strategies adopted by donor agencies – American, Spanish and Iranian strategies. The issue of influence of cultural differences and socio-economic inequality on established organ donation practices is discussed using Mexico, Turkey, Pakistan and Bangladesh as examples.
The Relationship Between Imaging and Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Survival
Authors: Haymart Megan R. , Reyes-Gastelum David , Caoili Elaine , Norton Edward C. , Banerjee Mousumi
Published: April 2020

Background

Controversy exists over whether there has been a true increase in the occurrence of thyroid cancer or overdiagnosis secondary to imaging practices. Because cancer overdiagnosis is associated with detection of indolent disease, overdiagnosis can be associated with perceived improvement in survival.

Materials and Methods

Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked database was used to determine the relationship between type of imaging leading to thyroid cancer diagnosis and survival. Disease-specific and overall survival were evaluated in 11,945 patients aged ≥66 years with differentiated thyroid cancer diagnosed between January 1, 2001, and September 30, 2015, who prior to their cancer diagnosis initially underwent thyroid ultrasound versus other imaging capturing the neck. Analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model with propensity score.

Results

Patients who underwent thyroid ultrasound as compared with other imaging had improved disease-specific and overall survival (p < .001, p < .001). However, those who underwent thyroid ultrasound were less likely to have comorbidities (p < .001) and more likely to be younger (p < .001), be female (p < .001), have localized cancer (p < .001), and have tumor size ≤1 cm (p < .001). After using propensity score analysis and adjusting for tumor characteristics, type of initial imaging still correlated with better overall survival but no longer correlated with better disease-specific survival.

Conclusion

There is improved disease-specific survival in patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer after thyroid ultrasound as compared with after other imaging. However, better disease-specific survival is related to these patients being younger and healthier and having lower-risk cancer, suggesting that thyroid ultrasound screening contributes to cancer overdiagnosis.

Implications for Practice

The findings from this study have implications for patients, physicians, and policy makers. Patients who have thyroid ultrasound as their initial imaging are fundamentally different from those who are diagnosed after other imaging. Because patients undergoing ultrasound are younger and healthier and are diagnosed with lower-risk thyroid cancer, they are less likely to die of their thyroid cancer. However, being diagnosed with thyroid cancer can lead to cancer-related worry and create risks for harm from treatments. Thus, efforts are needed to reduce inappropriate use of ultrasound, abide by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations, and apply nodule risk stratification tools when appropriate.
A prospective study to compare the efficacy of vilazodone and escitalopram tablets in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed major depressive disorder
Authors: Adiyodi Arjun , Singh C. V. , Mishra A. K. , Dixit Alok , Singh Virendra
Published: April 2020

Background: With the availability of large number of anti-depressant drugs, a thorough knowledge of comparative efficacy of the commonly used antidepressants is necessary to prescribe best drug molecule to the patient. This improves the compliance and therapeutic outcome. The aim of the study is to compare the efficacy of vilazodone and escitalopram in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed major depressive disorder in a prospective study.Methods: 200 patients attending the psychiatry out-patient department diagnosed with major depressive disorder were assessed and enrolled into vilazodone 40 mg and escitalopram 20 mg treatment groups. Hamilton depression rating scale score (HDRS) was used to assess the severity of depression disorder at regular intervals.Results: Maximum cases were in the 21-30 age group and minimum cases in above 60 years age group. Males contributed maximum to number of depression cases with respect to females in both the treatment groups. Both escitalopram and vilazodone therapy group showed onset of improvement   at the end of 1st week. The efficacy of both treatment arms in reducing HDRS is comparable till 2nd week of treatment, but at 6th month vilazodone was more efficacious than escitalopram therapy. Conclusions: Escitalopram tablet given once/twice daily is significantly effective in reducing HDRS score as early as 2nd week. At 6th month vilazodone tablet was more efficacious than escitalopram therapy. Vilazodone is safe with fewer adverse effects as compared to escitalopram.
A prospective observational study on prevention of contractures of upper limb following burn
Authors: Gupta Akash , Pandey Sanjay , Kansal Sandeep , Jain Atul
Published: April 2020

Background: Over 1 lakh people are affected by burn every year in India and 20 thousands of them die per year. Post burn contracture is a common sequele occurring after burn. Upper limb contractures are also occurring more commonly because it is most mobile part of body and likely to be involved in burn. There are many studies on management of post burn contractures but literature about prevention of contracture is little, hence this study was conducted. The aim of this study was to recognise various preventive measures to prevent post burn contractures of upper extremity.Methods: This study was conducted in NSCBM Subharti Medical College and Hospital located in Meerut (North India) from October 2012 to October 2014 in Department of Surgery. It was a prospective observational study consisted of 80 cases who presented as acute burn of upper limb admitted in the hospital.Results: In our study early excision with skin grafting was done in 20 patients (25%) while delayed skin grafting was done in 25 patients (31%) while 35 patients (44%) were managed conservatively. In our study 20 patients reported back with a post burn contracture. The reason found was non-compliance to antideformity splint and physiotherapy.Conclusions: Early surgical management of deep burns, physiotherapy, anti-deformity position and proper splintage can significantly reduce the development of post burn contracture.
Comparison of single versus double versus triple site band ligation for haemorrhoids in a single visit: a case-controlled double blind randomized study
Authors: Dewanda Neeraj K. , Babal Rohit , Kumar Harsh , Chawla Deshraj
Published: April 2020

Background: Rubber band ligation is considered one of the most popular non-surgical procedures available, representing the most reasonable balance between efficacy, pain and potential of complication. The present study was a controlled double blinded randomized study to compare Single versus double versus triple site band ligation for haemorrhoids in single treatment visit with special regards to its safety and efficacy in our patient population.Methods: There were 78 patients equally randomized in three groups by closed enveloped method. The number of patients in each group was 26, In Group A, a single, in Group B, two, and in Group C three major haemorrhoidal groups were rubber band ligated, in a single treatment visit on outpatient basis under topical anaesthesia with lignocaine 2% jelly.Results: Rubber band ligation was effective with significant symptom improvement seen in all patients with 88% patient satisfaction at end of 30 days period. Post ligation pain score and number of analgesic requirement in immediate post band ligation period, at 12 hours, at 1,7,14, 21 and 30 days post band ligation were similar in all three groups with p value >0.05. Multiple site haemorrhoidal bandings was done safely at single session without severe discomfort, pain or bleeding or severe complications requiring hospitalization.Conclusions: The study finding shows that triple site band ligation in a single session is a safe way of treating symptomatic haemorrhoids with similar post-procedure pain and patient satisfaction as conventional single or double site band ligation.