bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polyphenol‐Modified Mg−Zn Layered Hydroxide‐Contained Microneedle Patch Enhance Mucosal Repair by Remolding Diabetic Oral Microenvironment
Authors: Liu Haibo , Sun Zhongyi , Yin Mengting , Ru Jing , Liu Xiaohao , Chen Ziyan , Liu Yating , Sun Wang , Zheng Longpo , Zhao Xinyu , Chen Feng
Published: February 2025

Diabetic oral ulcers pose a significant challenge in healing due to persistent inflammation. Despite local therapeutic interventions remaining the primary mode of treatment, the dynamic nature of the oral cavity, characterized by continuous muscular activity and salivary secretion, poses barriers to sustained drug retention and thereby limits therapeutic efficacy. To address this issue, an approach has been devised that aims to facilitate transdermal delivery of bioactive components to promote the healing of diabetic oral ulcers. A multifunctional soluble microneedle (MN) patch is prepared using γ‐polyglutamic acid (γ‐PGA), which is loaded with quercetin (Qu)‐modified Mg−Zn layered hydroxide salt (LHS) nanosheets (LHSQ) with anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial and pro‐angiogenic bioactivities to combat the diabetic oral ulcers. These findings demonstrate that the LHSQ‐loaded MN (LHSQ‐MN) patches are capable of effectively penetrating the oral mucosa. In a rat model of diabetic oral ulcers, the application of LHSQ‐MN patches is found to facilitate the establishment of regeneration sites, regulate the inflammatory microenvironment of damaged tissues, exhibit potent antibacterial effects, expedite the reconstitution of the mucosal epithelium, and accelerate ulcer healing through the promotion of angiogenesis. These outcomes highlight the potential of LHSQ‐MN patches as a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of oral ulcers in diabetic patients.
Necklace‐Structured PVA Sponges for Fast Bleeding Control in the Punctured Femoral Artery Hemorrhage
Authors: Wu Weihang , Huang Hongjian , Huang Zhicheng , Wang Qinghui , Huang Zongxuan , Zhang Hongwen , Chen Dongsheng , Wang Wen , Zhao Hu , Liu Haiqing , Zheng Baodong , Wang Yu
Published: February 2025

Uncontrollable hemorrhage from deep, narrow wounds poses a critical threat to life, as locating the bleeding arteries in such areas is challenging. Rapid bleeding control remains a significant challenge in pre‐hospital care. Herein, an injectable hemostatic device filled with disc‐like PVA sponges is developed for this objective. The pristine PVA sponge is strung as a necklace‐structured sponge loaded in a foldable injector. With a novel retraction mechanism, this self‐designed injector precisely deploys hemostatic sponges to deep bleeding sites, surpassing the XStatTM injector in design innovation. The PVA sponges' high porosity and unique porous structure allowed it for rapid shape recovery (<30 s) and good compressive strength. In the punctured wound, the swollen PVA sponges exert high compression to close the bleeding artery, resulting in fast‐bleeding control. In the pig groin femoral artery injury model, the PVA sponge treatment resulted in a 100% survival rate during a 2‐h hemostasis period, compared to a 33.3% survival rate in the cotton gauze control group. In addition, it can be easily taken out by a simple pulling. The easily applicable and removable necklace‐structured PVA sponge is a highly promising hemostat for punctured wounds.
Dual‐Descriptor Tailoring: Rational Solvent Molecule Tuning Enables High‐Voltage Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: He Xin , Zhang Yujie , Li Haomiao , Xu Maoshu , Li Qixing , Zhang Zidong , Luo Jianping , Liu Yumeng , Wang Qingyuan , Li Sihang , Zhou Min , Wang Wei , Jiang Kai , Wang Kangli
Published: February 2025

Electrolyte engineering to enhance the cathode‐electrolyte interface stability is widely recognized as a promising strategy for achieving high‐voltage lithium‐ion batteries, which are currently hindered by the meta‐stable surface of lithium‐rich layered oxides. Despite significant progress in electrolyte development, clear design guidelines for high‐voltage electrolytes remain lacking, making solvent selection unpredictable. Here, a dual‐descriptor tailoring concept based on Mulliken charge (adsorption) and Laplacian bond order (antioxidation) to identify ideal solvent molecules for high‐voltage electrolytes is proposed. This concept stabilizes meta‐stable transition metal atoms in surface tetrahedral interstices through interactions between bottom solvent molecules and cathode dangling bonds. Acetonitrile (AN) is eventually selected as a promising bottom solvent that interacts strongly with unstable surface bonds, improving interfacial stability. Consequently, the prepared 0.6 Ah graphite||LCO pouch cell using AN‐based electrolyte maintained a remarkable 80% capacity retention after 900 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.92% at high cut‐off voltage. This work revisits the interfacial stability mechanism across different electrolyte classes, where strong solvent adsorption mitigates the instability of the meta‐stable Co spin state, reduces surface band overlap, and alleviates the instability of lattice oxygen at the interface. This dual‐descriptor‐guided design opens a new avenue for high‐voltage Li‐ion batteries is believed.
High‐Performance Organic Ultralong Room Temperature Phosphorescence Based on Biomass Macrocycle
Authors: He Zhenyi , Song Jinming , Li Chunli , Huang Zizhao , Liu Wenbin , Ma Xiang
Published: February 2025

The pursuit of sustainable, high‐performance organic ultralong room temperature phosphorescence (OURTP) materials with stimulus‐responsive properties presents a significant and enticing yet formidable challenge. Herein, an efficient strategy to confining boric acid‐based compounds into biomass macrocycle γ‐cyclodextrin through multiple interactions is developed, enabling the construction of high‐performance and multicolor OURTP doped systems. The synergistic effects of strong hydrogen bonding, C─O─B covalent cross‐linking, and host–guest encapsulation significantly suppress non‐radiative transition, culminating in an extraordinary lifetime and excellent phosphorescence quantum yield of 4.65 s and 32.8%, respectively, which are far superior to reported biomass RTP materials. Additionally, merging biomass macrocycle with phosphors contributes to multiple stimulus responses, overcoming the inherent limitations of degradation and recycling of organic RTP compounds, and dynamically modulating RTP signals through multiple‐stimulus responses, achieving the integration of multifunctional dynamic data processing techniques. This work will provide a direction for new environmentally friendly and potentially commercially available stimulus‐responsive OURTP materials.
Intrinsic Structural and Coordination Chemistry Insights of Li Salts in Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
Authors: Wang Shi , Zhang Lei , Hu Zheng , Zhang Bo , Li Ning , Tong Yuan‐Bo , Cao Dongqiang , Zheng Xiaomei , Lai Wen‐Yong , Jin Zhong , Wu Fan , Wang Qian
Published: February 2025

Lithium batteries, favored for their high energy density and long lifespan, are staples in electric vehicles, portable electronics, and aerospace. A key component, Li salts, aids lithium ion migration and electrode protection, significantly impacting battery performance. Developing an ideal Li salt, balancing stability, solubility, dissociation, solvation, and eco‐friendliness, remains challenging. Given the scarcity of relevant reviews, it is endeavored here to present a novel perspective on Li salt chemistry, offering a concise roadmap for future designs and innovations. It is delved into the trends, opportunities, design principles, and evaluation methodologies related to Li salt chemistry, with a particular emphasis on organic anionic compositions. Furthermore, the latest and most representative organic Li salts from their intrinsic structure and coordination chemistry, highlighting their unique features and contributions are organized and presented. Finally, a visionary outlook is articulated for this field, exploring avenues, such as customizing Li salts for specific applications, synthesizing Li salts on demand, and discussing the potential of F‐free Li salts alongside with their electrochemical window challenges. Here it is served as a strategic compass, addressing the shortcomings of existing reviews and guiding the design of functionalized Li salts.
Structural Insights Into Aluminum‐Doped Manganese Dioxides as Promising Materials for Direct Lithium Extraction: Modeling and Mechanism Study
Authors: Yan Shuxuan , Pei Shaozhen , Li Xiaodong , Luo Zhongyan , Chen Xiangping , Szlachta Małgorzata , Xu Junhua
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to provide new insights into lithium (Li) sorption and extraction mechanisms by systematically investigating the structure, surface properties, and defect vacancies of both doped and undoped manganese oxide sorbents. HMnO and Al‐doped HMnO sorbents are successfully synthesized, and their formulas and vacancy ratios are determined using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‐AES) characterization. Among the materials tested, HMO‐2.5Al exhibited the best performance in batch sorption experiments, enhancing Li⁺ sorption to 44.49 mg g−1 and reducing Mn loss to 3.38%. HMO‐2.5Al also demonstrated exceptional lithium selectivity in the simulated brine test, with separation factors of αLiCa, αLiNa, αLiK and αLiMg being 3.33, 353.08, 1327.44, and 6552.76, respectively. The sorbent displayed sustained durability before and after five cycles of sorption‐desorption. The ion exchange‐surface complexation model is employed to investigate the titration behavior, pH effects, and sorption isotherms, providing insights into the mechanism underlying Li+ sorption. A two‐stage sorption mechanism is proposed, involving a surface ion exchange reaction and a surface complexation reaction. Overall, the synthesized HMO‐2.5Al sorbents demonstrate significant potential for direct lithium extraction from solutions with high concentrations of coexisting ions and contribute a novel mechanism to the field of lithium extraction study.
Functional Porous Graphene Membranes: From Superhydrophobic to Slippery
Authors: Das Abhijna , Choi Kyoungjun , Jablonski Christelle , Waser Marcus , Bühler Theodor , Kwon Junggou , Height Murray , Raso Renzo A.
Published: February 2025

A simple and efficient route to functionalize porous graphene is identified. The method enables the modification of porous graphene with varying surface properties ranging from lotus‐like superhydrophobic surfaces to slippery surfaces. The method offers a route to superior membrane fabrication with versatile industrial applications. The findings clearly show the possibility of fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces with porous graphene as a base, which is relevant for oil‐water separation and other membrane applications. The filament‐like structures observed on the functionalized graphene mimic the properties of a lotus leaf. The measured water contact angle (WCA) of these modified surfaces reaches values as high as 160° with a contact angle hysteresis (CAH) below 10°, allowing for easy roll‐off of water droplets. A Slippery behavior of the graphene surfaces is realized when the fibrillar structures on the graphene surfaces are infused with silicone oils. The work demonstrates the possibility of tuning the properties of graphene surfaces in a simple and efficient way and highlights possibly the first manufacturing method for graphene‐based Slippery Liquid Infused Porous Surfaces (SLIPS).
Wavelength‐Selective, High‐Speed, Self‐Powered Isotype Heterojunction n+‐ZnO/n‐Si Photodetector with Engineered and Tunable Spectral Response
Authors: Tsanakas Michael D. , Jaros Angelina , Fleming Yves , Efthimiadou Metamorfi , Voss Tobias , Leturcq Renaud , Gardelis Spiros , Kandyla Maria
Published: February 2025

An isotype heterojunction n+‐ZnO/n‐Si photodetector is developed, showing adjustable wavelength‐selective operation at self‐powered conditions. Without an external bias voltage, the device can operate either as a broadband UV–vis–NIR or as a NIR‐only photodetector, depending on the relative carrier concentrations of ZnO and silicon. In addition, the photodetector can be tuned to either broadband or NIR operation by the application of an external bias voltage, regardless of carrier concentrations. At negative bias, it demonstrates UV–vis–NIR photodetection, while at positive bias, NIR photodetection. Photovoltage and photocurrent measurements for pulsed illumination reveal a high‐speed self‐powered response, with rise and fall times <100 µs across the UV–vis–NIR. The device can be engineered to reproduce undistorted pulsed light with frequencies as high as 1 kHz. Self‐powered responsivity reaches ≈70 mA W−1, which becomes ≈4 A W−1 with an applied external bias.
Transforming Room Acoustics with Causality‐Driven Dual‐Function Passive Metamaterials
Authors: Ballestero Eric , Meng Yang , Sheng Ping , Tournat Vincent , Romero‐García Vicent , Groby Jean‐Philippe
Published: February 2025

Recent advances in acoustic metamaterials have overcome narrow‐band limitations, allowing for optimal tuning of key functions such as sound absorption and diffusion. However, most existing designs focus on single functions, leaving a gap in multi‐functional solutions that can address complex acoustic requirements. To fill this gap, a Dual‐Function Passive Acoustic Metamaterial (DFPAM) is proposed that effectively balances absorption and diffusion within the same structure by leveraging principles of causality and passivity. The DFPAM achieves high broadband sound absorption (〈α〉 ≈ 0.85) and diffusion (〈δ〉 ≈ 0.8), covering more than one octave in each configuration. With a compact thickness of only 12 cm, nearly half that of traditional treatments, this design uses just a fraction of the available space (1/3 for absorption, 2/3 for diffusion) while maximizing performance. This novel approach not only optimizes sound control but also provides a highly space‐efficient solution. The DFPAM offers transformative possibilities for room acoustics and can be adapted to diverse environments, including building and aerospace applications, where multi‐functional acoustic solutions are in increasing demand.
Rapid Manufacturing of High‐Permittivity Dielectric Elastomer Actuator Fibers
Authors: Danner Patrick M. , Pleij Tazio , Liechti Florent , Wolf Jana , Bayles Alexandra V. , Vermant Jan , Opris Dorina M.
Published: February 2025

The fast and scalable production of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) remains the major bottleneck preventing the widespread use of DEAs. In this work, an ultra‐fast production method is presented for dielectric elastomer fibers which can reach industrial‐like extrusion speeds of up to 60 mm s−1 of fiber, leading to a production speed of up to 16.7 m of fiber per second or 216 m per hour. Electrode and high permittivity (' = 11.2) dielectric inks are used with a long pot life, but ultra‐fast cross‐linking at elevated temperatures. The process eliminates the need for tedious and time‐consuming post‐processing, as simple co‐extrusion and laser ablation enable the production of fully functional, high‐permittivity DEA fibers within seconds. This work represents a significant advancement in DEA manufacturing, transitioning from conventional layer‐by‐layer batch production to continuous co‐extrusion‐based manufacturing. To the best of the knowledge, this is currently the fastest method for fabricating fully functional DEAs in a single processing step.
Exploring the Origin of White Emission in TAPC: Electron Transport Layer Based Exciplex Devices
Authors: Ha Insung , Cho Hyun Woo , Lee Hyung Joo , Ravindran Ezhakudiyan , Jesuraj P. Justin , Lee Jae Woo , Lee Chang Min , Kim Chul Hoon , Ryu Seung Yoon
Published: February 2025

This study investigated white organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with a single emissive layer and comprising a hole transport material 1,1‐Bis[(di‐4‐tolylamino)phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC) and two electron transport materials 1,3,5‐Tris(1‐phenyl‐1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐yl)benzene (TPBi) and 1,3,5‐tris(3‐pyridyl‐3‐phenyl)benzene (TmPyPB). The devices exhibited unique emission characteristics, from sky blue and orange exciplex emissions at low voltages to yellow electromer emissions at higher voltages. The combination of these emissions results in a distinctive white light output. To understand the origin of the white emission, time‐resolved photoluminescence and time‐resolved area‐normalized emission spectra analyses are employed. These techniques provided insights into the exciton dynamics in the OLED devices and facilitated the determination of mechanisms underlying the white light emission. The investigation highlights the significant effect of intermolecular bonding between materials, which enhances the understanding of the molecular dynamics associated with white emission. Notably, the findings indicate that TPBi facilitates the generation of tightly bound exciplexes owing to its rigid and planar structure, while TmPyPB promotes the formation of loosely bound exciplexes owing to its flexible and nonplanar structure. The observed temporal evolution of emission characteristics improves the understanding of white emission OLEDs with a simple structure and offers insights into the design and optimization of OLEDs.
Recent Advancement in the Synthesis of Sulfonyl Fluorides with Heterocyclic Skeletons
Authors: Dong Yi‐Chen , Wang Li‐Jing
Published: February 2025

Sulfonyl fluoride compounds, particularly those with heterocyclic skeletons, have gained increasing attention due to their widespread applications in organic synthesis, drug discovery, and the life sciences. Consequently, the exploration of efficient and diverse approaches for synthesizing sulfonyl fluorides with heterocyclic skeletons has garnered significant interest from organic chemists. In recent years, great progress has been made in constructing sulfonyl fluorides with heterocyclic skeletons. This review comprehensively outlines the recent advancements in the construction of sulfonyl fluorides possessing heterocyclic skeletons via diverse routes. Additionally, it also highlights the challenges and opportunities concomitant with the synthesis of heterocyclic sulfonyl fluorides.
N, O Co‐Doped Porous Carbon Decorated on Porous Graphene for Zinc Ion Hybrid Capacitor
Authors: Huo Te , Wang Yanyan , Wang Jiayi , Chen Chunxia , Zhao Yunhe , Guo Li , Wu Xiaoliang
Published: February 2025

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) derived porous carbon shows tremendous potential in the energy storage field. Herein, N, O co‐doped porous carbon decorated on porous graphene composites is prepared by carbonized MOF/graphene composites with followed activated by KOH. MOF‐derived porous carbon decorated on porous graphene not only can improve conductivity, but also enhance structural stability. Due to the 3D porous structure, unique structure and conductive support, suitable specific surface area, and abundant N and O functional groups, the obtained ZGCA electrode shows a high specific capacitance of 284.7 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, superior rate performance, and good electrochemical stability. More importantly, the constructed Zn//ZnSO4//ZGCA‐700 zinc ion hybrid capacitor delivers a specific capacity of 184.4 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and a high energy density of 147.5 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 80.1 W kg−1. At the same time, the capacity retention rate of the ZGCA electrode is 85.2% after 10,000 cycles. This paper provides new ideas and feasible methods for preparing high‐performance MOF‐based porous carbon for zinc ion hybrid capacitors.
Molten Salt Construction of Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulfur Co‐Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbon for Zinc Ion Hybrid Capacitors
Authors: Liu Yifeng , Chen Weijian , Zhang Xinyang , Liu Baipei , Liu Yande , Lu Rui , Wu Xiaoliang
Published: February 2025

Heteroatoms doped hierarchical porous carbon shows great potentiality as electrode materials for zinc ion hybrid capacitors. Herein, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur co‐doped hierarchical porous carbon (NSPC) is synthesized by one‐step pyrolysis of the mixture of KHCO3, starch, and acesulfame potassium. The obtained NSPC‐700 samples possess 3D interconnected hierarchical porous architecture, high specific surface area, and rich nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur functional groups. Result from the synergistic effect, the obtained NSPC‐700 electrode shows a high specific capacitance of 382 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and outstanding electrochemical stabilization with the capacitance retention of 101.5%. Density functional theory (DFT) results show that co‐doping with N, O, and S can improve the adsorption capacity of zinc ions and enhance the charge transfer rate. The assembled Zn//ZnSO4(aq)//NSPC‐700 hybrid capacitor achieves an energy density of 120.84 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 100 W kg−1 with excellent electrochemical stabilization (90.9% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles).
PJA2 Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Progression by Controlling HDAC2 Degradation and Stability
Authors: Chen Zhihao , Peng Chaofan , Jin Chi , Wang Ye , Wang Tuo , Yang Peng , Peng Wen , Sun Qingyang , Xu Hengjie , Nie Hongxu , Wang Xiaowei , Tang Junwei , Sun Yueming , Feng Yifei
Published: February 2025

PJA2 is documented to degrade various substrates. Nevertheless, the role of PJA2 as an E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains unexplored. The correlation between PJA2 mRNA levels and clinical characteristics is investigated using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are utilized to evaluate PJA2 expression levels in CRC tissues. The biological functions of PJA2 are confirmed through colony formation assays and azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS) mouse model of CRC, among other experimental approaches. The underlying molecular mechanisms of PJA2 action are elucidated using RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq), co‐immunoprecipitation (co‐IP), proximity ligation assay (PLA), and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Our research discovered that PJA2 is downregulated in CRC tissues and decreased PJA2 expression correlates with poor prognosis. Functionally, in vivo and in vitro experiments uncovered that PJA2 inhibits tumor cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis. Mechanistically, PJA2 recognized histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) via its RING‐B‐box domain (RBD) and bind to the N‐terminal of HDAC2, facilitating ubiquitination at the lysine 90 (K90) residue. PJA2‐mediated degradation of HDAC2 counteracts the transcriptional repression of the interferon‐induced protein with the tetratricopeptide repeats (IFIT) family, thereby suppressing CRC progression. The data demonstrates that PJA2 suppresses CRC progression through the PJA2/HDAC2/IFIT axis, and its expression is regulated by HDAC2, thus constituting a positive feedback loop. Consequently, PJA2 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for CRC, and interrupting this feedback loop can represent a viable treatment strategy to restrain CRC progression.
Single‐Cell Transcriptomes of Immune Cells from Multiple Compartments Redefine the Ontology of Myeloid Subtypes Post‐Stroke
Authors: Yang Mo , Li Yixiang , Shi Kaibin , Wang Xuezhu , Liu Xiangrong , Huang Xiang , Shi Fu‐Dong , Ma Shaojie , Li Mingfeng , Wang Yilong
Published: February 2025

The activation and infiltration of immune cells are hallmarks of ischemic stroke. However, the precise origins and the molecular alterations of these infiltrating cells post‐stroke remain poorly characterized. Here, a murine model of stroke (permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion [p‐MCAO]) is utilized to profile single‐cell transcriptomes of immune cells in the brain and their potential origins, including the calvarial bone marrow (CBM), femur bone marrow (FBM), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). This analysis reveals transcriptomically distinct populations of cerebral myeloid cells and brain‐resident immune cells after stroke. These include a novel CD14+ neutrophil subpopulation that transcriptomically resembles CBM neutrophils. Moreover, the sequential activation of transcription factor regulatory networks in neutrophils during stroke progression is delineated, many of which are unique to the CD14+ population and underlie their acquisition of chemotaxis and granule release capacities. Two distinct origins of post‐stroke disease‐related immune cell subtypes are also identified: disease inflammatory macrophages, likely deriving from circulating monocytes in the skull, and transcriptionally immature disease‐associated microglia, possibly arising from pre‐existing homeostatic microglia. Together, a comprehensive molecular survey of post‐stroke immune responses is performed, encompassing both local and distant bone marrow sites and peripheral blood.
A Multifunctional Nanodelivery System Modified by Fusion Peptides Acts as Teriparatide Carrier for Noise‐Induced Hearing Loss Therapy
Authors: Li Jiawen , Hao Zhuowen , Ke Fangzi , Liu Zhihui , Wang Weilong , Wen Sihui , Wu Fan , Xu Bowen , He Miao , Zou Shengyu , Chen Xiong , Li Jingfeng , He Zuhong
Published: February 2025

Noise‐induced hearing loss (NIHL) is among the most poorly treated diseases due to irreversible damage to hair cells. Reactive oxygen species contribute to NIHL pathogenesis by injuring the inner ear hair cells. Teriparatide (PTH1‐34) exerts antioxidant properties in the context of osteoporosis. Thus, in the current study, a multifunctional thermosensitive nanodelivery system is developed, based on the unique anatomical structure of the inner ear, to load and sustain the release of PTH1‐34 to alleviate hair cell damage. LR27—a fusion peptide—is assembled from a targeting peptide (A665) and cell‐penetrating peptide (Arg8) to target hair cells and increase the round window membrane permeability. In vitro, the antioxidant and anti‐apoptotic properties of the nanodelivery system are assessed after treating HEI‐OC1 cells and cochlear explants with hydrogen peroxide to simulate the oxidative environment. In vivo, injection of the nanodelivery system into the auditory bulb protects the hearing and hair cells of an NIHL mouse model. These results demonstrate the synergistic effects of multiple peptides in treating NIHL and their potential clinical applications.
One‐Step Formed Janus Hydrogel with Time‐Space Regulating Properties for Suture‐Free and High‐Quality Tendon Healing
Authors: Ouyang Chenguang , Tu Tian , Yu Haojie , Wang Li , Ni Zhipeng , Yang Jian , Dong Yanzhao , Zou Xiaodi , Zhou Weijie , Liu Jinyi , Chen Dingning , Wang Yu , Wu Xudong , Yi Hong , Yuan Xunchun , Liu Zhenfeng , Lu Hui
Published: February 2025

Janus hydrogels have promising applications in tendon healing and anti‐peritendinous adhesions. However, their complicated preparation methods, weak mechanical properties, and unstable adhesion interfaces have severely limited their application in suture‐free and high‐quality tendon healing. In this work, by controlling the interfacial distribution of free ‐COOH groups and cationic‐π structures on both sides of the hydrogels, a series of PZBA‐EGCG‐ALC Janus hydrogels with varying degrees of asymmetric properties are successfully prepared using a simple and efficient one‐step synthesis method. The tensile strength and elongation at the break of the Janus hydrogel are as high as 0.51 ± 0.04 MPa and 922.89 ± 28.59%. In addition, the Janus hydrogel can achieve a high difference in adhesion strength (nearly 20‐fold) while maintaining a strong adhesion strength on their bottom sides (up to 524.8 ± 33.1 J m−2). In the spatial dimension, its excellent mechanical compliance and one‐sided adhesion behavior can provide effective mechanical support and physical barriers for the injured Achilles tendons. More importantly, the Janus hydrogel can also minimize early inflammation generation in the time dimension via its ROS‐responsive PZBA‐EGCG prodrug macromolecules. This study provided a more effective and convenient suture‐free strategy for constructing Janus hydrogels to promote high‐quality tendon healing.
Data‐Driven Theoretical Modeling of Centrifugal Step Emulsification and Its Application in Comprehensive Multiscale Analysis
Authors: Wang Xin , Cai Xiaolu , Wan Chao , Yuan Huijuan , Li Shunji , Zhang Yiwei , Zhao Ran , Qin Yuxi , Li Yiwei , Liu Bi‐Feng , Chen Peng
Published: February 2025

Tailored droplet generation is crucial for droplet microfluidics that involve samples of varying sizes. However, the absence of precise predictive models forces droplet platforms to rely on empiricism derived from extensive experiments, underscoring the need for comprehensive modeling analysis. To address this, a novel customized assembled centrifugal step emulsifier (CASE) is presented by incorporating a “jigsaw puzzles” design to efficiently acquire large‐scale experimental data. Numerical simulations are utilized to analyze fluid configurations during step emulsification, identifying a key connection tube that determines droplet size. By training and verifying with the experimental and simulation datasets, a comprehensive theoretical model is established that allows for the preliminary design of the droplet size and generation frequency with an average error rate of 4.8%, successfully filling a critical gap in existing field. This predictive model empowers the CASE to achieve all‐in‐one functionality, including droplet pre‐design, generation, manipulation, and on‐site detection. As a proof of concept, multiscale sample analysis ranging from nanoscale nucleic acids to microscale bacteria and 3D cell spheroids is realized in the CASE. In summary, this platform offers valuable guidance for customized droplet generation by centrifugal step emulsifiers and promotes the adoption of droplet microfluidics in biochemical assays.
Targeting the E Prostanoid Receptor EP4 Mitigates Cardiac Fibrosis Induced by β‐Adrenergic Activation
Authors: Xu Hu , Mao Xiuhui , Wang Yali , Zhu Chunhua , Liang Bo , Zhao Yihang , Zhou Mengfei , Ye Lan , Hong Mengting , Shao Huishu , Wang Yashuo , Li Haonan , Qi Yinghui , Yang Yongliang , Chen Lihong , Guan Youfei , Zhang Xiaoyan
Published: February 2025

Sustained β‐adrenergic activation induces cardiac fibrosis characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor EP4 is essential for cardiovascular homeostasis. This study aims to investigate the roles of cardiomyocyte (CM) and cardiac fibroblast (CF) EP4 in isoproterenol (ISO)‐induced cardiac fibrosis. By crossing the EP4f/f mice with α‐MyHC‐Cre or S100A4‐Cre mice, this work obtains the CM‐EP4 knockout (EP4f/f‐α‐MyHCCre+) or CF‐EP4 knockout (EP4f/f‐S100A4Cre+) mice. The mice of both genders are subcutaneously injected with ISO (5 mg kg−1 day−1) for 7 days. Compared to the control mice, both EP4f/f‐α‐MyHCCre+ and EP4f/f‐S100A4Cre+ mice show a significant improvement in cardiac diastolic function and fibrosis as assessed by echocardiography and histological staining, respectively. In the CMs, inhibition of EP4 suppresses ISO‐induced TGF‐β1 expression via blocking the cAMP/PKA pathway. In the CFs, inhibition of EP4 reversed TGF‐β1‐triggers production of ECM via preventing the formation of the TGF‐β1/TGF‐β receptor complex and blocks CF proliferation via suppressing the ERK1/2 pathway. Furthermore, double knockout of the CM‐ and CF‐EP4 or administration of EP4 antagonist, grapiprant, markedly improves ISO‐induced cardiac diastolic dysfunction and fibrosis. Collectively, this study demonstrates that both CM‐EP4 and CF‐EP4 contribute to β‐adrenergic activation‐induced cardiac fibrosis. Targeting EP4 may offer a novel therapeutic approach for cardiac fibrosis.
Wearable Self‐Powered Pressure Sensors Based on alk‐Ti3C2Tx Regulating Contact Barrier Difference for Noncontact Motion Object Recognition
Authors: Xiao Yanan , Pu Qi , Wang Chenxing , Jia Xiaoteng , Sun Shixiang , Jin Quan , Wang Xiaolong , Wang Bin , Sun Peng , Liu Fangmeng , Lu Geyu
Published: February 2025

Wearable self‐powered pressure sensors present tremendous potential for object recognition. However, the fluctuated approach speed and distance may compromise the device output, thus affecting the recognition accuracy. Herein, a wearable self‐powered pressure sensor with high sensitivity (1.48 V kPa−1), high output (130.5V), and high permeability (259.98 mm s−1) are developed where the contact barrier difference and triboelectric charge density of the triboelectric layer surface are dynamically regulated by modulating the surface groups resulting in a lower dielectric loss and higher output. The sensor leverages the polarity difference between the target object and the sensitive material to generate electrical signals at different speeds and distances through an electrostatic induction mechanism. With the assistance of the Transformer model with a self‐attention mechanism, an average recognition accuracy of 94.3% is achieved by acquiring sensing signals at different speeds and distances. Simulating the ability of human vision, enables visually impaired people to acclimate to their surroundings more easily and independently and provides a critical advancement in the assistance of the blind with daily life.
A Rapid Cortical Learning Process Supporting Students’ Knowledge Construction During Real Classroom Teaching
Authors: Feng Xiaodan , Xu Xinran , Meng Zhaonan , Jiang Jiahao , Pei Miao , Zheng Yonghe , Lu Chunming
Published: February 2025

Classroom teaching is essential for cognitive development and cultural evolution, yet its neurocognitive mechanisms remain unclear. Here, this is explored in a university graduate course by combining wearable functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and machine learning models. The results show that blended teaching involving both students’ recalling and teachers’ lecturing leads to better learning outcomes than lecturing alone. Moreover, during the same lecturing phase, blended teaching induces knowledge construction in the middle frontal cortex (MFC), while lecturing alone induces knowledge representation in the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ), with the former significantly correlating with the final learning outcomes. Additionally, the MFC's construction begins during earlier recalling but is significantly facilitated by later lecturing. Finally, when teacher's TPJ activity precedes that of students’ MFC, significant teacher–student neural synchronization is observed during lecturing of blended teaching and is correlated with learning outcomes. These findings suggest that, in the real classroom teaching, the MFC serves as a hub of a rapid cortical learning process, supporting knowledge construction through a projection from the teacher's TPJ.
The Origin of Li2S2 Reduction Mechanism Modulated by Single‐Atom Catalyst for all Solid‐State Li‐S Batteries
Authors: He Miao , Fan Yuxing , Liu Shen , Wang Shuying , Wu Tongwei , Chen Dongjiang , Hu Anjun , Yan Chaoyi , Yan Yichao , Long Jianping , Hu Yin , Lei Tianyu , Li Peng , Chen Wei
Published: February 2025

All solid‐state lithium‐sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) demonstrate tremendous potential in the next‐generation energy storage system. Nevertheless, the incomplete conversion of Li2S2 to Li2S within the sulfur electrode imposes a substantial impediment on the capacity release. Herein, the nickel single‐atom catalyst (NiNC) materials are employed to ameliorate the sluggish reaction kinetics of polysulfides. Moreover, the unknown origin of the catalytic activity of NiNC materials on the ASSLSBs is revealed by using the ligand‐field theory. The results show that the orbital of Ni exhibits a significant vertical hybridization phenomenon from the inert dsp2 hybridization state to the active d2sp3 hybridization state, which exerts a catalytic effect on the reduction of Li2S2 to Li2S. As a result, the assembled ASSLSBs attain a capacity release of 1506.9 mAh g−1 at 0.05 C and more than 70% retention ratio after 600 cycles at a high rate of 2 C. The in‐depth study of the d‐orbitals of nickel single‐atom catalysts in this work offers deep insights into the relationship between the catalytic substrate and active substance and a novel perspective for the realization of ASSLSB with high energy density.
Nanoporous Helium–Silicon Co‐Deposition Thin Film via Plasma‐Assisted Process for Lithium‐Ion‐Battery Anodes
Authors: Kajita Shin , Uchida Giichiro , Tanaka Hirohiko , Tabata Kiho , Yamamoto Yuta , Ohno Noriyasu
Published: February 2025

In this study, silicon (Si) deposition is performed in a high‐density (1018 m−3) helium (He) plasma environment, and He–Si co‐deposition layers, where He atoms are implanted into the Si thin film, are formed. The He‐containing thin film, which has a porosity of ≈0.5, is composed of smaller clusters with the size of 100–200 nm including many pores with different sizes, which is advantageous for lithium‐ion‐battery (LIB) negative electrode. It is also shown that substrate copper (Cu) atoms are diffused into the deposition layer and Cu doping occurred naturally. The LIB performance of the He–Si co‐deposited thin film (>1 μm in thickness) is evaluated. When the substrate temperature is at 523 K during the deposition, the Si layer has amorphous structure, and the LIB discharge capacity remains 1800 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. In the results, it is shown that the Si–He co‐deposition method can be a novel method to fabricate Cu‐doped porous amorphous Si thin film for high‐performance LIB application.
Reversible adsorption and sieving of trace NH3 from NH3‐H2 fuel cells systems using sulfonated porous polydivinylbenzene
Authors: Qu Yongfang , Zhang Wentao , Zhong Shouchao , Zhuo Linyu , Wang Xi , Fang Huihuang , Lin Changkai , Zheng Yong , Liu Fujian , Jiang Lilong
Published: February 2025

Trace ammonia reversible adsorption and sieving using solid adsorbents present a critical challenge in the practical deployment of ammonia‐hydrogen fuel cells. Herein, we design porous polydivinylbenzene (P‐PDVB) through one‐pot solvothermal polymerization without additional templates. Subsequently, solvent‐induced network swelling was performed to achieve deep sulfonation of the P‐PDVB using chlorosulfonic acid, resulting in P‐PDVB‐SO3H‐x, which possess large specific surface areas, abundant micro‐mesoporosity, and high acid site densities. Notably, P‐PDVB‐SO3H‐x demonstrate superior performance for the selective capture and sieving of NH3 from an N2/H2/NH3 mixture, outperforming most previously reported NH3 adsorbents. Thus, P‐PDVB‐SO3H‐x can serve as an efficient adsorbent for the selective removal of trace ammonia from ammonia‐hydrogen fuel cell systems, significantly improving both the efficiency and longevity of the fuel cells. This work highlights the potential of P‐PDVB‐SO3H‐x as a promising candidate for enhancing ammonia‐hydrogen fuel cell performance, paving the way for further exploration of advanced adsorbent materials in energy applications.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Coupling of Alkynoic Acids with 2‐Alkynylanilines in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Lai Yin‐Long , Xiong Xun , Zhao Ting , Li Jianxiao , Zhong Rui‐Min , Xiong Wenfang , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: February 2025

An efficient and reliable NHC‐palladium‐catalyzed cascade decarboxylative coupling of alkynoic acids with 2‐alkynylanilines for the rapid and straightforward assembly of synthetically valuable 3‐alkynylindole derivatives in eco‐friendly medium is described. Control experiments revealed that NHC−Pd catalysts and base were all essential for this catalytic system. More importantly, this approach features mild reaction conditions, excellent functional group compatibility, and reasonable to excellent yields.
Expert Consensus on Surgical Management of Primary Diffuse Type 2‐Dominant Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Blauwblomme Manon , Georgalas Christos , Ahmed Shahzada , Alobid Isam , Battaglia Paolo , Castelnuovo Paolo , Constantinidis Jannis , Dallan Iacopo , Eeckels Anne‐Sophie , Ferrari Marco , Gevaert Philippe , Grayson Jessica , Harvey Richard , Herman Philippe , Konstantinidis Iordanis , Lubbe Darlene , Meco Cem , Palmer James , Patel Zara M. , Strzembosz Agnieszka , Verillaud Benjamin , Woodworth Bradford A. , Van Zele Thibaut
Published: February 2025

Background

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) poses significant challenges in surgical management due to the lack of clear guidelines, particularly in type 2 CRS. This review focuses on surgical approaches for primary diffuse type 2‐dominant CRS, emphasizing preoperative and intraoperative strategies.

Methods

A consensus group, comprising experts from Europe, United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa, North and South America, was assembled. Using a modified Delphi method, 67 statements were formulated following a literature review, with an additional statement added in the second iteration. Final recommendations were discussed during a consensus meeting in Santorini, Greece, in October 2023.

Results

Out of the 68 proposed statements, consensus was achieved on 45. Most (34) statements received a median score of 7 (strongly agree), and 11 had a median score of 6 (agree). The finalized recommendations cover the indications, timing, extent of surgery, and intraoperative management for both primary and revision surgery in primary diffuse type 2‐dominant CRS. A key focus is on complete sinus surgery, which involves creating a neo‐sinus cavity by removing bone partitions in the ethmoid and opening the frontal and sphenoidal sinuses as needed. Adequate primary and revision surgery includes clearing all nasal polyps and diseased mucosa while ensuring ideal conditions for topical therapy. Additionally, there was consensus on performing complete sinus surgery before considering monoclonal antibody therapies, unless contraindicated.

Conclusion

These 45 consensus statements, derived from both current evidence and expert opinion, provide valuable guidance for clinicians in the surgical management of primary diffuse type 2‐dominant CRS.
Travel Costs and Carbon Savings Associated With Telemedicine in a Tertiary Care Rhinology Center
Authors: Kellerman Hunter , Mace Jess C. , Detwiller Kara Y. , Geltzeiler Mathew , Smith Timothy L. , Pandrangi Vivek C.
Published: February 2025

Objective

Healthcare‐associated costs as well as carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are rising, and identifying means to mitigate these may provide direct benefits to patients as well as overall population health, especially among patients with chronic sinonasal disease. This study aimed to assess potential personal travel costs and CO2 emissions saved due to telemedicine visits.

Methods

This was a retrospective review of patients within Oregon presenting for telemedicine visits at a tertiary rhinology center from July 2022 to July 2023. Distance from patient's address to clinic (miles), as well as estimated average travel time (min), travel costs (USD), and CO2 emissions (kg), were calculated per round trip prevented by providing care at a distance. Area deprivation indices (ADI) were obtained based on nine‐digit zip codes.

Results

Among 354 included visits, the mean ± standard deviation (SD) age was 57.03 ± 16.58 years. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) was the most common diagnosis (55.4%). The majority of visits were follow‐up (65.5%) or preoperative (26.8%). Approximately 64,977.00 miles and 66,988.67 min (∼1,116 h) of roundtrip travel were saved, reducing CO2 emissions by 26,705.55 kg (equivalent to 3,005 gallons of gasoline consumed or 5.6 homes’ electricity use for 1 year). Patients within the highest ADI quartile (Q), indicating highest socioeconomic disadvantage, had the highest travel costs saved (median [interquartile range]; Q1, $12.24 [$18.36]; Q2, $134.33 [$274.38]; Q3, $256.69 [$191.52]; Q4, $364.42 [$154.28]; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Telemedicine may facilitate reduction in the carbon footprint associated with healthcare as well as reduce indirect healthcare costs associated with travel.
A new experimental model for studying peripheral nerve regeneration in dual innervated facial reanimation
Authors: Bayezid K. Can , Macek Jan , Kubíčková Lucie , Bretová Karolína , Joukal Marek , Streit Libor
Published: February 2025

Background

Donor nerve selection is a crucial factor in determining clinical outcomes of facial reanimation. Although dual innervation approaches using two neurotizers have shown promise, there is a lack of evidence‐based comparison in the literature. Furthermore, no animal model of dual reinnervation has yet been published. This study aimed to establish such a model and verify its technical and anatomical feasibility by performing dual‐innervated reanimation approaches in Wistar rats.

Methods

Fifteen Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups and one control group. The sural nerve was exposed and used as a cross‐face nerve graft (CFNG), which was then anastomosed to the contralateral buccal branch of the facial nerve through a subcutaneous tunnel on the forehead. The CFNG, the masseteric nerve (MN), and the recipient nerve were coapted in one or two stages. The length and width of the utilized structures were measured under an operating microscope. Return of whisker motion was visually confirmed.

Results

Nine out of the eleven rats that underwent surgery survived the procedure. Whisker motion was observed in all experimental animals, indicating successful reinnervation. The mean duration of the surgical procedures did not differ significantly between the experimental groups, ensuring similar conditions for all groups.

Conclusions

Our experimental study confirmed that the proposed reanimation model in Wistar rats is anatomically and technically feasible, with a high success rate, and shows good prospects for future experiments.
Structural Regulation of Three‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photoredox Catalysis toward Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Niu Sheng , Hu Zhenyang , Xu Xiaoyi , Xiong Zuping , Chen Hongzheng , Jen Alex K.‐Y. , Huang Ning
Published: February 2025

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a thriving class of photocatalysts in various chemical transformations. However, the utilization of COFs as photoredox catalysts for atom transfer radical polymerization is rarely known. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of phenazine‐based functional 3D COFs with the dia topology. Structural regulation over interpenetration folds and energy levels of COFs was implemented through the substituent effects. These COFs can work as effective photoredox catalysts toward atom transfer radical polymerization. Notably, DADP‐CF3‐COF with trifluoromethyl group exhibits much higher catalytic activity than other COFs, allowing the efficient synthesis of polymers with controllable molecular weights, low dispersity, and high conversion. This work not merely realizes the structural regulation of 3D COFs through substituent effects, but also exhibits brilliant prospects for the utilization of COFs as efficient catalysts in a bunch of challenging chemical transformations.