bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Der Bach-Verein zu Leipzig, 1875-1920
Authors: Hübner Maria
Published: September 2020

Der 1875 gegründete Chor "Der Bach-Verein zu Leipzig" stellte die damals zum größten Teil noch unbekannten Kantaten Johann Sebastian Bachs in den Mittelpunkt seines Repertoires. Wesentlichen Anteil an der Realisierung dieses Vorhabens hatte Philipp Spitta. Geleitet wurde der Chor von Alfred Volkland (1875), Heinrich von Herzogenberg (1875-85), Hans Sitt (1885-1903) und Karl Straube (1903-20). Zeitweise bildete der Chor das Zentrum der Bach-Pflege in Leipzig, wirkte aber auch außerhalb der Stadt. Neben der Geschichte des Vereins und der aufgeführten Werke werden auch Aspekte der Aufführungspraxis berücksichtigt. (Autor, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
Zum Quellenwert der Neumeister-Sammlung
Authors: Wolff Christoph
Published: September 2020

Obwohl Johann Gottfried Neumeisters Abschrift von Orgelchorälen erst 1790 angefertigt wurde, zählt sie zu den wichtigsten Quellen zur Orgelmusik der älteren Bach-Familie. Auch wenn die Sammlung Werke von Pachelbel, Zachow und Buttstädt enthält, besteht das Hauptkorpus aus Kompositionen von Johann Christoph, Johann Michael und Johann Sebastian Bach. Die Bedeutung der Quelle kann kaum überschätzt werden, ist sie doch gleichzeitig singulärer Überlieferungsträger einer großen Anzahl von frühen Orgelchorälen Johann Sebastian Bachs. Darüber hinaus enthält die Quelle zahlreiche Choralbearbeitungen von Johann Sebastian Bachs Schwiegervater und solchen, die Johann Michael Bach zugeschrieben werden können. Neumeisters Sammelhandschrift setzt eine konkrete Verbindung zum engeren Kreis der Bach-Familie voraus. (Oliver Schlinke, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
Besetzung - Entstehung - Überlieferung: Bemerkungen zur Ouvertüre BWV 1068
Authors: Rifkin Joshua
Published: September 2020

Der Artikel widmet sich im ersten Teil der Bläserbesetzung in der Orchestersuite D-Dur BWV 1068 und deren wahrscheinlich nachträglicher Hinzufügung. Darüber hinaus wird die Frage nach dem Entstehungsort und -zeitpunkt des Werks erörtert. Der zweite Teil geht den Frankfurter und Leipziger Stimmen zum Werk nach und versucht, deren Entstehung und Überlieferung zu erhellen.

 

Erwähnte Artikel: Walther Vetter: Die Trompeten in Bachs dritter Orchesterouvertüre. BJ 1953, S. 97-107

Hans-Joachim Schulze: Frühe Schriftzeugnisse der beiden jüngsten Bach-Söhne. BJ 1963/64, S. 61-69

Werner Neumann: Johann Sebastian Bachs "Rittergutskantaten" BWV 30a und 212. BJ 1972, S. 76-90

Andreas Glöckner: Neuerkenntnisse zu Johann Sebastian Bachs Aufführungskalender zwischen 1729 und 1735. BJ 1981, S. 43-75

Alfred Dürr: Neue Erkenntnisse zur Kantate BWV 31. BJ 1985 S. 155-159

Yoshitake Kobayashi: Zur Chronologie der Spätwerke Johann Sebastian Bachs. Kompositions- und Aufführungstätigkeit von 1736 bis 1750. BJ 1988, S. 7-72

Peter Wollny: Zur Überlieferung der Instrumentalwerke Johann Sebastian Bachs: Der Quellenbesitz Carl Philipp Emanuel Bachs. BJ 1996, S. 7-21
Eine Abschrift der Kantate BWV 150 als Quelle für Brahms' e-Moll-Sinfonie op. 98
Authors: Glöckner Andreas
Published: September 2020

Im Februar 1874 sandte Philipp Spitta eine Partiturabschrift von Bachs Kantate BWV 150 Nach dir, Herr, verlanget mich an Johannes Brahms nach Wien. In seinem Begleitschreiben verwies der damals noch in Sondershausen tätige Gymnasiallehrer den Brieffreund auf die außergewöhnliche Form der Chaconne im Schlußchor des Werkes. Bekanntlich hat Brahms das Chaconne-Thema dieses Chors ("Meine Tage in dem Leide") dem im Sommer 1885 komponierten Finale seiner 4. Sinfonie in e-Moll op. 98 zugrundegelegt, und wir dürfen davon ausgehen, daß die Entstehung des Finalsatzes mit der von Spitta elf Jahre zuvor erhaltenen Kantatenabschrift in unmittelbarer Beziehung steht. (Autor, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
Hat Johann Sebastian Bach die Lukas-Passion BWV 246 aufgeführt?
Authors: Melamed Daniel R.
Published: September 2020

Angesichts fehlender Belege für eine Aufführung der höchstwahrscheinlich nicht aus seiner Feder stammenden Passion durch J. S. Bach geht der Artikel explizit dieser Frage nach und kommt dabei zu nämlichem Schluss.
Zur Entstehungs- und Aufführungsgeschichte von Carl Philipp Emanuel Bachs "Heilig"
Authors: Corneilson Paul
Published: September 2020

Der Artikel beleuchtet das von C. P. E. Bach selbst besonders geschätzte Heilig Wq 217 hinsichtlich seiner Genese und Rezeptionsgeschichte. Dazu werden Aufführungsdaten ermittelt und musikalisches Quellenmaterial ausgewertet. Im Anhang wird eine vorläufige Liste der Quellen zu Wq 217 wiedergegeben.
Neues zu Georg Balthasar Schott, seinem Collegium musicum und Bachs Zerbster Geburtstagskantate
Authors: Maul Michael
Published: September 2020

Anhand des von 1720 bis 1729 wirkenden Neukirchen-Musikdirektors Georg Balthasar Schott wird gezeigt, dass Ermittlungen zu Kollegen Johann Sebastian Bachs überraschende Einblicke in das damalige Leipziger Musikleben liefern können, die ihrerseits wieder zu einem besseren Verständnis von Bachs eigenem Wirken beitragen und zuweilen auch die Hintergründe eines bachschen Werks erhellen. Zunächst wird die Biographie Schotts dargestellt. Danach steht sein Wirken als Komponist für die Neukirche im Vordergrund. Sodann gilt das Interesse seinem Collegium musicum und dem dort aufgeführten Repertoire, speziell einem unter der Leitung Schotts aufgeführten, bisher unbekannten Oratorium. Dies erweist sich als Schlüssel, um die Entstehungsumstände von Bachs "Geburtstagskantate" für den Fürsten Johann August von Anhalt-Zerbst (BC G 13) aufzuklären. (Autor, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)

 

Erwähnte Artikel: Barbara Reul: "O vergnügte Stunden / da mein Hertzog funden seinen Lebenstag". Ein unbekannter Textdruck zu einer Geburtstagskantate J. S. Bachs für den Fürsten Johann August von Anhalt-Zerbst. BJ 1999, S. 7-18

Hans-Joachim Schulze: Johann Sebastian Bach und Zerbst 1722: Randnotizen zu einer verlorenen Gastmusik. BJ 2004, S. 209-214
Zur Echtheit von zwei Briefen aus dem Glinka-Museum in Moskau
Authors: Schabalina Tatjana
Published: September 2020

Der Beitrag bewertet die Echtheit zweier in Moskau verwahrter Briefe, die mit “Johann Sebastian Bach” und “Georg Friedrich Händel“ unterzeichnet sind und zieht sie stark in Zweifel.
Warum endet die Fuga a 3 Soggetti BWV 1080/19 in Takt 239?
Authors: Milka Anatoly
Published: September 2020

Der Artikel nimmt Bezug auf die Diskussion, ob die "Quadrupelfuge" aus der Kunst der Fuge vollendet vorgelegen habe oder nicht. Mittels Analyse der Handschrift SB P 200/3, die neben dem musikalischen Gehalt auch ihr Erscheinungsbild und die Art der in ihr vorgenommenen Korrekturen einbezieht, trifft der Autor Aussagen über Intentionen und Strategien des Komponisten im Verlauf des Entstehungsprozesses des Werkes.

 

Erwähnte Artikel: Peter Wollny: Neue Bach-Funde. BJ 1997, S. 7–50

Anatoly Milka: Zur Datierung der H-Moll-Messe und der Kunst der Fuge. BJ 2010, S. 53–68

Otfried Büsing: Hatte Nottebohm recht? BJ 2015, S. 193-203
Zwischen Heinrich Schütz und Johann Nikolaus Bach: Augustus Kühnel
Authors: Schulze Hans-Joachim
Published: September 2020

Erwähnte Artikel: Hermann Helmbold: Die Söhne von Johann Christoph und Johann Ambrosius Bach auf der Eisenacher Schule. BJ 1930, S. 49–55

Hans-Joachim Schulze: Anna Magdalena Wilcke - Gesangsschülerin der Paulina? BJ 2013, S. 279-295

Michael Maul: Frühe Urteile über Johann Christoph und Johann Nikolaus Bach, mitgeteilt anläßlich der Besetzung der Organistenstelle an der Jenaer Kollegienkirche (1709). BJ 2004, S. 157–168
Implementation of sustainable forest management: an application of the triple perspective typology of stakeholder theory in a case study in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Lintangah Walter , Weber Norbert
Published: September 2020

The progress of the concept of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) is dynamic and its success or failure during implementation can be evaluated in different ways. In a detailed survey in four Forest Management Units (FMUs) in Sabah, the current implementation of SFM at the FMU level was assessed based on the triple perspective typology of stakeholder theory. This approach encompasses conceptual, corporate and stakeholder centric point of view. The conceptual perspective explores the SFM concept and how it relates to the FMU holder – stakeholder interaction at the FMU level, the corporate perspective examined how the FMU holders put the concept into practise and address their stakeholders, while the stakeholder perspective analyses how the stakeholders attempt to accomplish their claims and interests through the corporate-centric (FMU holders) at the management level. The stakeholder analysis provides the platform for stakeholder identification, categorisation and their general perception and behaviour towards the overall performance of SFM objectives. The Stakeholder Relation Management (SRM) that integrates the FMU holders and stakeholder participation under the SFM concept were also identified. Different FMU holders are engaged with distinct objectives to be achieved, which determine their direct relationship with the stakeholders. The stakeholders were attributed to static and dynamic groups, which are determined by their existence, claims and interests, and involvement in various SFM programs and activities at the FMU level. They provided distinguished preference and agreement toward various issues and characteristics related to SFM objectives, implementation and stakeholder participation at the management level. Most of the respondents of the multi-interest stakeholder group agreed with SFM main contributions towards the elements of environmental objectives, followed by economic objectives and elements of social objectives. The approach for SFM assessment based on the different lenses of conceptual, corporate and stakeholder centric provides complementary evidence on the pragmatic implementation of SFM at the forest management level.
Accuracy and Reproducibility of Acoustic Tomography Significantly Increase with Precision of Sensor Position
Authors: Rust Steffen
Published: September 2020

Acoustic tomograms are widely used in tree risk assessment. They should be accurate,repeatable and comparable between consecutive measurements. Previous work has failed to address the effects of different approaches to record sensor positions, operators and models of tomograph on the resulting tomograms.In this study, three operators used the two most common sonic tomographmodels to measure seven cross-sections of Norway spruce trees, whichwere felled after the measurement. We evaluated the effects of model, operator, and different approaches to measure sensor positions on the quality of the tomograms.The largest source of error was the position of sensors, affectingestimated stress wave velocity, the shape of the tomogram, and the sizeof the defect.To produce accurate and repeatable tomograms of trees with complex shapes,it is essential to measure the sensor positions precisely.
Legal framework of the water sector in Vietnam: achievements and challenges
Authors: Nguyen Thi Phuong Loan
Published: September 2020

Since 1986 and especially during the early 90s, environmental protection has become a constitutional principle in Vietnam as regulated by Articles 17 and 29 of the 1992 Constitution. The first Law on Environmental Protection, passed by the National Assembly on December 27, 1993 created a foundation for environmental legislation becoming an important field in Vietnam’s legal system. In the following, Vietnam enacted its very first Law on Water Resources (No. 08/1998/QH10) in January 1999 aiming to provide a foundational framework for managing the water sector in Vietnam. In recent years, the legislative framework on water resources management has further developed. Important water-related regulations on the guidance and implementation of the Law on Water Resources have been issued and often amended to meet the requirements of the country’s development, and its international integration. To date, Vietnam’s legislation on the water sector consists of a complex system of legal documents issued by different state agencies. Though legislation of water sector management in Vietnam has greatly improved during the last decade, it has obviously not yet come to full fruition. Hence, the paper intends to provide an overview of achievements as well as problems and conflicting issues within Vietnam’s current water sector management legislation.

Kểtừnăm 1986, đặc biệt là những năm đầu của thập kỷ90, bảo vệmôi trường đã trởthành nguyên tắc hiến định (được quy định tại Điều 17 và 29 Hiến pháp 1992). Luật Bảo vệmôi trường đầu tiên được Quốc hội thông qua ngày 27 tháng 12 năm 1993 đã đặt nền móng cho việc hình thành hệthống pháp luật vềmôi trường ởViệt Nam.Tiếp theo đó, ngày 20 tháng 05 năm 1998, Quốc hội nước Cộng hòa xã hội Việt Nam khóa X, kỳhọp thứ3 đã thông qua văn bản luật đầu tiên vềtài nguyên nước -Luật Tài nguyên nước số08/1998/QH10 hình thành một nền tảng pháp lý cho hệthống pháp luật bảo vệnguồn tài nguyên nước ởViệt Nam. Trong những năm gần đây, hầu hết các văn bản dưới luật quan trọng và cần thiết cho việc hướng dẫn thi hành Luật Tài nguyên nước đã được ban hành và không ngừng được sửa đổi, bổsung nhằm đáp ứng nhu cầu phát triển và hội nhập quốc tếcủa đất nước trong nhiều lĩnh vực khác nhau.Tuy nhiên, khung pháp lý hiện hành vềtài nguyên nước ởViệt Nam bao gồm một hệthống các văn bản quy phạm pháp luật khá phức tạp, nhiều tầng nấc, được ban hành bởi nhiều cơ quan có thẩm quyền khác nhau. Mặc dù hệthống pháp luật vềtài nguyên nước đã được liên tục sửa đổi, bổsung và hoàn thiện trong suốt một thập kỷqua, nhưng rõ ràng vẫn chưa thực sựđi vào cuộc sống.Bài viết dưới đây đềcập chủyến đến một sốcácthành tựu cũng nhưnhữngvấn đềmâu thuẫn hiện tại của pháp luật bảo vệnguồn tài nguyên nước ởViệt Nam.
Decolorization of reactive dyeing wastewater by ferrous ammonium sulfate hexahydrate
Authors: Perng Yuan-Shing , Bui Ha Manh
Published: September 2020

This paper presents the result of dyeing solution coagulation with the use of ferrous ammonium sulfate hexahydrate (FAS). The examined solution contains two reactive dyes: Black 5 and Blue 19. It has been shown that the efficiency of the dye removal depends on the type of dye, coagulation dosage and the initial pH. Our result showed that the increase of initial pH up to 12 enhanced the color removal efficiency; the FAS dose was determined 280 ml (Black 5) and 180 mg/l (Blue 19) at slow mixing time 15 min, agitation speed 60 rpm, and the initial dye concentration should be 50 and 100 mg/L for Black 5 and Blue 19, respectively.

Chất keo tụ sắt (II) amoni sulfate (FAS) được sử dụng khử màu của hai màu nhuộm hoạt tính phổ biến (Blue 19 và Black 5). Kết quả cho thấy, quá trình keo tụ bị ảnh hưởng nhiều bởi loại màu nhuộm, nồng độ chất keo tụ và pH của dung dịch đầu vào. Với nồng độ FAS 280 mg/l (Black 5) và 180 mg/l (Blue 19), pH đầu vào dung dịch khoảng 12, thời gian phản ứng 15 phút, tốc độ khuấy 60 vòng/phút ứng với nồng độ màu Black 50 mg/L và blue 100 mg/L dung dịch gần như mất màu hoàn toàn.
The effects of biofilter on the removal of greenhouse gases at anaerobic digestion plants
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Phong , Clemens Joachim , Cuhls Carsten
Published: September 2020

This study investigated the removal of gases such as methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and ammonia (NH3) from biofilters in nine anaerobic digestion plants in Germany that treat biowaste. The treatment is in form of mechanical pre-treatment, anaerobic digestion followed by a composting with or without intensive aeration. The exhaust gases from the mechanical and anaerobic steps are treated by biofilters. In average, the biofilters removed 30% of total organic carbon (TOC), 50% of non-methane volatile organic carbon (NMVOC) and 51% NH3, whereas N2O concentrations increased by 26%. For CH4 the biofilters had only a small removal effect (6%).

Nghiên cứu khảo sát sự loại bỏ những khí gây hiệu ứng nhà kính như CH4, N2O và NH3 từ những bể lọc khí sinh học ở chín nhà máy xử lý rác thải hữu cơ ở nước Đức bằng các biện pháp kỵ khí và hiếu khí. Rác hữu cơ được xử lý ở nhà máy thông qua các biện pháp như tiền xử lý bằng cơ học, kỵ khí và tiếp theo là hiếu khí với công nghệ thổi khí chủ động hoặc không thổi khí chủ động. Khí thải từ các quá trình cơ học và kỵ khí được xử lý bằng biện pháp lọc khí sinh học trước khi thải ra môi trường. Trung bình, những bể lọc khí sinh học loại bỏ 30% tổng lượng carbon hữu cơ, 50% những chất carbon hữu cơ bay hơi nhưng không phải khí methane và 51% khí ammoniac. Trong khi đó, nồng độ khí N2O tăng lên 26% sau khi qua bể lọc khí sinh học. Đối với khí methane, bể lọc khí sinh học có hiệu suất loại bỏ với loại khí này rất thấp chỉ 6%.
Environmental pollution in Vietnam: Challenges in management and protection
Authors: Chu Thi Thu Ha
Published: September 2020

Vietnam is facing big challenges in terms of environmental pollution caused by natural agents and anthropogenic activities. Environmental pollution in Vietnam is present in air, water and soil environments in many areas with contaminants including total suspended particles (TSP), organic substances, heavy metals, nutrients including ammonium, phosphate exceeding the allowable values of national standard. One of the most important causes of environmental pollution is the legal powers of environmental protection organizations, especially the environmental police force, not strong enough. In addition, the awareness of the people about environmental protection is very weak. Improving the system of laws on environmental protection, including sanctions that are strong enough to prevent violations, is of the most importance to enhance the effectiveness of environmental management and protection in Vietnam. On the other hand, educating people and even school children about environmental protection is a very meaningful activity to reduce the pressures and challenges of environmental management and protection in Vietnam.

Việt Nam đang phải đối mặt với những thách lớn về ô nhiễm môi trường gây ra bởi các tác nhân tự nhiên và các hoạt động của con người. Ô nhiễm môi trường ở Việt Nam biểu hiện ở cả môi trường không khí, nước và đất tại nhiều khu vực với hàm lượng các chất ô nhiễm gồm bui thô TSP. các chất hữu cơ, kim loại nặng, các chất dinh dưỡng gồm amoni, phosphat vượt quá tiêu chuẩn cho phép. Một trong những nguyên nhân quan trọng gây ô nhiễm môi trường là sức mạnh pháp lý của các cơ quan tổ chức hoạt động trong lĩnh vực môi trường, đặc biệt là lực lượng cảnh sát môi trường, chưa đủ mạnh. Bên cạnh đó, ý thức của người dân về giữ gìn bảo vệ môi trường còn rất yếu. Việc hoàn thiện hệ thống luật pháp về bảo vệ môi trường bao gồm các chế tài đủ mạnh để ngăn chặn các vi phạm là quan trọng hàng đầu nhằm tăng cường hiệu quả quản lý và bảo vệ môi trường ở Việt Nam. Mặt khác, giáo dục tuyên truyền ý thức cho người dân và thậm chí các học sinh trong trường học về giữ gìn bảo vệ môi trường là hoạt động rất ý nghĩa nhằm giảm bớt các áp lực và thách thức trong quản lý và bảo vệ môi trường ở Việt Nam.
Editorial: Anerkennung
Authors: Vollbrecht Ralf , Dallmann Christine
Published: September 2020

„Der Mensch lebt nicht vom Brot allein“ (und dem Wort Gottes, auf das diese Bibelstelle zielt), sondern bedarf als soziales Wesen existentiell  der  Anerkennung  durch  seine  Mitmenschen  –  und zwar einer gegenseitigen Anerkennung, die für jede Art von Zu-sammenleben unhintergehbar ist. Philosophen und Sozialwissenschaftler  haben  sich  in  vielfältiger  Weise  mit  dieser  Thematik auseinandergesetzt.  In  der  Medienpädagogik  hat  Anerkennung als  theoretischer  Bezugspunkt  jedoch  bislang  keine  große  Rolle gespielt. Die Arbeit von Tobia Harnisch und Caroline Baetge über „Anerkennungsstrukturen  als  sozialer  Kontext  für  Individuation im  höheren  Lebensalter  unter  der  Perspektive  von  Medialität“ greift das Thema Anerkennung auf.
Filmsprache und Filmanalyse in der Medienpädagogik
Authors: Schäfer Horst
Published: September 2020

In der Praxis der Filmseminare mit Studentinnen und Studenten hat sich gezeigt, dass diese meist nicht über hinreichendes Vorwissen für Filmanalysen verfügen und ihnen auch die Fachbegriffe im Bereich der filmischen Gestaltungsmittel fehlen. Da die Filmanalyse-Seminare allein schon wegen der jedes Universitäts-Zeitraster sprengenden Filmlänge sinnvollerweise als Blockveranstaltungen durchgeführt werden, bekommen die Studenten zur Vorbereitung und als Hilfmittel für eigene Filmanalysen eine grundständige Einführung. Dieses Basiswissen über „Filmsprache und Filmanalyse in der Medienpädagogik“ ist in den letzten zwanzig Jahren immer wieder optimiert worden und wird in der vorliegenden Fassung an der TU Dresden und der Universität Duisburg/Essen eingesetzt.The experience with film seminars for students has shown that these mostly do not dispose of enough foreknowledge for film analyses and they also lack the technical terms of the cinematic means. Since the length of films blows up each university time slot pattern, and therefore the seminars are conducted as block events, the students get an introduction from scratch in an orientation session as basic knowledge and tools for their own film analysis. This basic knowledge of "film language and film analysis in the media education" has been optimized again and again in the last twenty years and is used in the present version at the TU Dresden and the University of Duisburg/Essen.
Einleitung: Medienpädagogik vorgestellt. Filmbildung und narrative Pädagogik (TU Dresden)
Authors: Vollbrecht Ralf
Published: September 2020

Medienpädagogik vorgestellt. Filmbildung und narrative Pädagogik (TU Dresden)
Die Bedeutung von Idolen für Jugendliche der Dresdner Gothic-Szene
Authors: Lehmann Sandra
Published: September 2020

Die Autorin untersucht in einer qualitativen Studie die Aneignung von medialen Bezugspersonen im Jugendalter mit Fokus auf die Einbindung von Musikidolen in die Lebenswelt junger Gothics. Ihre These ist, dass bei Gothics im Unterschied zu Fans von Mainstream-Musikern der Populärkultur übergreifende Wert- und Lebensstilorientierungen vorliegen. In ihrem theoretischen Überblick über das Forschungsfeld geht die Autorin auch auf Aneignungsmodi und die individuellen Funktionen von Stars für die Bewältigung von Entwicklungsaufgaben im Jugendalter insbesondere für die Identitätsbildung ein. Nach einer schriftlichen Befragung zur Sondierung des Feldes wird die Hauptstudie vorgestellt, die ausführliche Interpretation eines qualitativen Interviews mit einem Jugendlichen der Dresdner Gothic-Szene. Diese Fallstudie ist nicht nur wegen der biografischen Besonderheiten und schwierigen Lebensumstände des Jugendlichen aufschlussreich – es  gelingt der Autorin auch, ihre These einer ganzheitlichen Verwendung von Musik-Idolen bei Gothics beispielhaft aufzuzeigen.In this qualitative study the authoress researches the adoption of media attachment figures in the adolescence, focusing the inclusion of music idols in the lifeworld (Lebenswelt) of young goths. Her hypothesis is that for goths, in contrast to fans of musicians in other facets of popular culture, there are overarching value and lifestyle orientations. In her theoretical overview of the research field, the authoress describes adoption modes and also contemplates on the individual functions of stars concerning the way of coping with development tasks in adolescence – especially concerning the development of identity. After an exploring survey the main study is presented – a detailed case interpretation of an interview with an adolescent member of the goth scene of Dresden. This case study is interesting not only because of the biographical characteristics and difficult circumstances of life – the authoress also succeeds to demonstrate her hypothesis of the holistic usage of a music idol.
Eignen sich Kindernachrichten für Kinder? Eine vergleichende Qualitätsanalyse der Kindernachrichtensendungen Logo! und Newsround
Authors: Klinger Jessica , Müller Antje
Published: September 2020

Nachrichtensendungen für Kinder sind im Rahmen der politischen Sozialisation bedeutsam und sehen sich mit verschiedenen Anforderungen konfrontiert. In der vorliegenden Studie unterziehen die Autorinnen die deutsche Kindernachrichtensendung Logo! und die britische Kindernachrichtensendung Newsround einem inhaltsanalytischen Qualitätsvergleich. Dazu leiten sie Qualitätskriterien aus normativen, inhaltlichen sowie formalen Beurteilungskriterien aus Rezipienten-, Produzenten- sowie aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht ab, die sie für Aussagen über die Aufbereitung und Eignung dieser Kindernachrichtenprogramme heranziehen. Die Ergebnisse dieser tiefgründigen Analyse bieten detaillierten Aufschluss über Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede der untersuchten Sendungen und ermöglichen so eine differenzierte Betrachtung der Frage danach, was die Qualität von Kindernachrichtensendungen – auch unter interkulturellen Gesichtspunkten – ausmacht.TV News programs for children, within the context of political socialization, are not only hugely important but are also being faced with constant challenges. The following study focuses on Germany’s Logo! and Britain’s  Newsround,  two of the larger scale television news programs on offer for children. The study offers ananalytical, quality comparison of the two shows. It looks both at the quality criteria of normative, context-related and formal assessment criteria, whilst exploring the perspective of the recipient, the producer and more scientific approaches. The study concludes with an analysis of the format preparation of the two shows and analyses their respective suitability for children. The study offers a profound insight into the similarities and differences between these two broadcasts and considers how we can attempt to measure the quality of children’s news programs.
Medienpädagogische Analyse des Films „Ex Machina“ in Bezug auf Transhumanismus
Authors: Meyer Anne-Christin
Published: September 2020

Viele Wissenschaftler_innen glauben daran, dass eines Tages möglich sein wird, was bisher nur die Filmindustrie illustriert hat: Die Entwicklung von künstlichen Menschenwesen, die dem biologischen Homo Sapiens weit überlegen sind.  Doch obwohl intelligente Roboter gegenwärtig nur auf der Leinwand realisiert werden können - die ethischen Fragen, die sich aus ihrer Existenz ergeben, sind durchaus real und relevant: Hat ein intelligentes Computerprogramm ein Recht auf Freiheit und Selbstbestimmung?

Ein Film, der diese ethischen Fragen aufwirft und zudem eine hohe filmästhetische Qualität aufweist ist „Ex_Machina“ von Alexander Garland. In der folgenden Arbeit wird der Film medienpädagogisch analysiert und herausgestellt, inwiefern er für Jugendliche geeignet ist und ebenjene wichtigen ethischen Fragen thematisiert, welche für die heranwachsende Generation in ihrer immer technologischer werdenden Umwelt von großer Bedeutung sind.
Vulnerables y empoderadas a la hora de parir. Análisis multidimensional de la vulnerabilidad en la atención obstétrica
Authors: Castrillo Belén
Published: September 2020

OBJETIVO. Tomando en cuenta los dos sentidos clásicos de la vulnerabilidad en ciencias sociales —el antropológico y el social—, el propósito de este artículo es introducir la conceptualización butleriana de la vulnerabilidad —entendida como acto de poder y resistencia— como herramienta teórico-metodológica clave para entender y analizar las experiencias perinatales de las mujeres. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO. La tesis de referencia analizó diversas instancias de la atención médica del proceso perinatal en la ciudad de La Plata, con técnicas metodológicas complementarias: observaciones con distintos grados de participación en cursos de preparto y salas de espera; entrevistas en profundidad a mujeres-madres, varones-padres y profesionales de la salud; y un extenso corpus de charlas informales y presencias en el campo, entre 2013 y 2019. RESULTADOS. En el trabajo de reinterpretación del corpus de datos, se advirtieron tres sentidos principales en que emergió la vulnerabilidad de las mujeres asociadas a la atención obstétrica de sus procesos reproductivos: a) Vulnerabilidad frente a la decisión médica (pérdida de autonomía); b) Vulnerabilidad potenciada por otras vulnerabilidades asociadas; c) Vulnerabilidad y resistencia, empoderamiento. CONCLUSIONES. A partir del cruce entre una lente conceptual novedosa para entender la vulnerabilidad, analicé experiencias de partos de mujeres platenses. Advertí que en estas experiencias y teniendo en cuenta sus propias evaluaciones de atención en distintos ámbitos —público, privado o domicilio—es posible rastrear tres tipos de vulnerabilidad: a) a la decisión médica —pérdida de autonomía—; b) potenciada por otras vulnerabilidades; y, c) como catalizadora del empoderamiento.
Optimisation and scaling effect of dual-waveguide optical trapping in the SOI platform
Authors: Xu Xiangming , Thomson David J. , Yan Jize
Published: September 2020

Optical trapping has potential applications in biological manipulation, particle trapping, Raman spectroscopy, and quantum optomechanics. Among the various optical trapping schemes, on-chip dual-waveguide traps combine benefits of stable trapping and mass production. However, no systematic research has been conducted to optimise on-chip dual-waveguide traps so that the trapping capability is maximised. Here, a numerical simulation of an on-chip silicon on insulator (SOI) dual-waveguide optical trap based on Lumerical FDTD Solutions is carried out to optimise the on-chip dual-waveguide trap. It was found that the waveguide thickness is a crucial parameter when designing a dual-waveguide trap, and its optical trapping capability largely depends on the distance between the two waveguides. We show that the optimal waveguide thickness to achieve the maximum trapping capability generally increases with the gap distance, accompanied by a periodic feature due to the interference and the resonant effects within the gap. This optimal waveguide thickness and gap distance are analysed to have clear scaling effects over the input optical wavelength, which paves the way for the design and optimisation of dual-waveguide traps for various applications.
Tunable twisted-mode Ho:YAG laser at continuous-wave and pulsed operation
Authors: Dai Tongyu , Wang Yunpeng , Guo Shuangxing , Ju Youlun , Duan XiaoMing , Yao Baoquan
Published: September 2020

A single-longitudinal-mode Ho:YAG laser with a twisted-mode cavity under the continuous-wave and pulsed operation was demonstrated. The maximum continuous-wave single-longitudinal-mode output power of 0.76 W was obtained at the wavelength of 2097.46 nm, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 28.9%. The output wavelength was tuned from 2096.94 nm to 2098.48 nm by utilizing a 0.5-mm-thick etalon. Furthermore, the single-frequency pulsed operation of the twisted-mode Ho:YAG laser was realized by the electro-optic switch. For the 2 kHz pulse repetition frequency, the single-frequency pulse energy reached 0.2 mJ with the pulse width of 116.5 ns. The beam quality factors M2 of the pulsed twisted-mode Ho:YAG laser in the x and y directions were 1.15 and 1.10, respectively.
Suppression of relaxation–oscillations in intra-cavity optical parametric oscillators by two-photon absorption
Authors: Gao Defeng , Ding Zhenwen , Zhang Zhaowei
Published: September 2020

The applications of continuous-wave (cw), intra-cavity optical parametric oscillators (ICOPO) in molecular sensing and spectroscopy have been hampered by their relaxation–oscillation and power–stability problems. To solve these problems, we propose a two-photon-absorption (TPA) mechanism into ICOPOs. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we inserted a CdTe plate into an ICOPO as a TPA medium and demonstrated efficient suppression of relaxation–oscillations, obtaining an intensity–noise reduction of over 70 dB at the relaxation–oscillation frequency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of relaxation–oscillation suppression in ICOPOs based on TPA.
Pneumatically tunable optofluidic DFB dye laser using corrugated sidewalls
Authors: Sano Tyler , Black Jennifer , Mitchell Sarah , Zhang Han , Schmidt Holger
Published: September 2020

Polydimethylsiloxane-based optofluidics provides a powerful platform for a complete analytical lab-on-chip. Here, we report on a novel on-chip laser source that can be integrated with sample preparation and analysis functions. A corrugated sidewall structure is integrated into a microfluidic channel to form a distributed feedback (DFB) laser using rhodamine 6G dissolved in an ethylene glycol and water solution. Lasing is demonstrated with a threshold pump power of 87.9 µW, corresponding to a pump intensity of

52.7

m
W

/

c
m

2

. Laser threshold and output power are optimized with respect to rhodamine 6G concentration and core index and found to be in good agreement with a rate equation model. Additionally, the laser can be switched on and off mechanically using a pneumatic cell inducing positive pressure on the grating.
Superior third-order nonlinearity in inorganic fullerene-like WS2 nanoparticles
Authors: Li Tianlun , Hao Rui , Zhang Lingling , Mao Jianyong , Li Feng , Zhang Yanpeng , Fang Jixiang , Zhang Lei
Published: September 2020

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) attain increasing attention due to their exceptional nonlinear optical efficiencies, which hold promising potential for on-chip photonics and advanced optoelectronic applications. Planar TMDs have been proven to support orders-higher third-order nonlinear coefficients in comparison with common nonlinear materials. Interestingly, stronger light–matter interaction could be motivated when curved features are introduced to 2D TMDs. Here, a type of inorganic fullerene-like

WS

2

nanoparticles is chemically synthesized using hard mesoporous silica. By using the spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) method, the nonlinear refractive index

n
2

and third-order susceptibility

χ

(
3
)

are investigated in the visible range. It is found that

n

2

∼

10

−
5

  

cm

2

/
W

and

χ

(
3
)

∼

10

−
7

  
esu

, two orders higher than the counterparts of planar

WS

2

structures. Our experimental findings provide a fresh thinking in designing nonlinear optical materials and endow TMDs with new potentials in photonic integration applications.
Compact and broadband multimode waveguide bend by shape-optimizing with transformation optics
Authors: Li Shuyi , Cai Lifeng , Gao Dingshan , Dong Jianji , Hou Jin , Yang Chunyong , Chen Shaoping , Zhang Xinliang
Published: September 2020

Multimode waveguide bend is one of the key components for realizing high-density mode-division multiplexing systems on chip. However, the reported multimode waveguide bends are either large, bandwidth-limited or fabrication-complicated, which hinders their applications in future high-density multimode photonic circuits. Here we propose a compact multimode waveguide bend supporting four TE modes simply by shape-optimizing with transformation optics. The shape of the waveguide is optimized in the virtual space with gradient distribution of the refractive index, so that the scattering loss and intermode cross talk are well suppressed. After conformal mapping back into the physical space, a compact (effective radius of 17 μm) multimode bending waveguide is obtained. Simulations show that the proposed multimode waveguide bend has little loss (

<
0.1
  
dB

) and low cross talk (

<
−
20
  
dB

) throughout an ultrabroad wavelength range of 1.16–1.66 μm. We also fabricated the shape-optimized multimode bending waveguide on a silicon-on-insulator wafer. At 1550 nm wavelength, the measured excess losses for the four lowest-order TE modes are less than 0.6 dB, and the intermode cross talks are all below

−
17
  
dB

. Our study paves the way for realizing high-density and large-scale multimode integrated optical circuits for optical interconnect.
Figuras e Figuração. Na Crónica de D. Fernando de Fernão Lopes
Authors: Figueiredo Albano
Published: September 2020

Fernão Lopes demonstra na sua Crónica de D. Fernando uma notável evolução na arte de reconstruir pela escrita a História de Portugal. Com base numa estrutura narrativa coesa, que mescla factualidade e ficção, projeta uma espécie de teatralização de figuras, com destaque para o rei, a rainha e seus respetivos irmãos, o infante D. João e Maria Teles. É essa a matéria e esse o enfoque analítico do presente estudo, em particular em torno daquelas figuras e da figuração a que elas dão corpo.
A Mulher e a Arte: figurações da marginalidade feminina em Adoecer de Hélia Correia
Authors: Simões Maria João
Published: September 2020

A marginalização da mulher surge representada na obra de Hélia Correia com grande sensibilidade, sem, no entanto, as suas ficções deixarem de manifestar a dureza das situações em que a mulher é empurrada para um viver à margem ou nas margens daquilo que é aceite socialmente por ser confortável ou fácil. A este propósito, a protagonista da obra Adoecer representa um conjunto de situações diferenciadas, nas quais a mulher luta pelo reconhecimento do seu valor no mundo da arte e dos artistas, no tempo dos pintores Pré-Rafaelistas. Este trabalho terá como objetivo estudar essa variedade de situações da in(ex)clusão da mulher no mundo artístico representado no romance, investigar o modo como as personagens são representativas de diversos períodos históricos e ainda analisar a simbologia das diversas formas de resistência ou desistência a essa marginalização. Atentar-se-á ainda no modo como as personagens são construídas por várias camadas que remetem para a dualidade entre corpo e espírito e para a tensão entre singularidade e complexidade, deixando entrever, no hibridismo das suas vozes, diversos posicionamentos ideológicos.
Pensar o ensaio e a ficção como intermitências utópicas
Authors: Anacleto Marta Teixeira
Published: September 2020

Pretende-se, neste artigo, pensar a ficção através do ensaio e o ensaio através da ficção, partindo do macrotexto de Jean-Jacques Rousseau e das complexas confl uências criadas entre textos políticos, textos filosófi- cos, textos autobiográficos e ficcionais/epistolares. Do confronto dessas diversas modalidades de escrita, e do modo experimental (utópico) como dialogam formal e ideologicamente entre si, decorre uma interrogação sobre os conceitos de intermitência/intervalo/fronteira, convocados na teoria do ensaio e na teoria da ficção, de Montaigne a Rousseau, de ambos à contemporaneadade.
Ruben A.: Um preito a Miguel Torga
Authors: Machado Ana Maria
Published: September 2020

A correspondência entre Ruben A. e Miguel Torga, dos anos 1949 a 1973, revela duas personalidades antagónicas unidas pelo espaço literário. Leitores ávidos um do outro, Ruben A. empenha-se na internacionalização do escritor que a sua geração cultuava e recorda-o na sua autobiografi a, enquanto Torga testemunha a novidade do cosmopolita e deixa-se surpreender com a inventividade rubeniana. Ao nível da receção e da sociologia literárias, esta relação dialógica ilustra difi culdades, incompreensões, censuras, deslumbramentos, inovações de duas décadas do universo literário português.
Os “Grandes Homens” dos dois Queirós: O Salústio Nogueira e O Conde de Abranhos
Authors: De Lima Isabel Pires
Published: September 2020

Teixeira de Queirós publica, em 1881, a comédia O Grande Homem e, em 1883, o romance O Salústio Nogueira: Estudo de Política Contemporânea, de idêntica temática centrada no rotativismo constitucional e no arrivismo político e social; por seu turno, Eça de Queirós, em 1879, já escrevera, centrado em problemática similar, O Conde de Abranhos, publicado postumamente, em 1925. Não tendo podido nenhum deles, portanto, ter conhecido o trabalho do outro antes de produzir o seu, a verdade é que inúmeros pontos de contacto aproximam as suas obras, independentemente das fortes diferenças que as distinguem. O presente trabalho visa evidenciar tais aproximações e distanciamentos à luz das singulares práticas do realismo naturalista de um e de outro.
Os estigmas que envolvem as Crenças Religiosas e as Pessoas Vivendo com HIV
Authors: Brugger Silva André Luís , Barbosa Assumpção de Souza Fabiana , Bicalho de Almeida Érika , Pereira Gomes Márcia
Published: September 2020

Introdução: A infecção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) devido a sua gravidade, principalmente pela evolução das doenças oportunistas e seu caráter pandêmico, representa um problema de saúde na atualidade. Nesse contexto a religião e a espiritualidade colaboram para o enfrentamento desse agravo a saúde. Objetivos: Analisar os estigmas que envolvem as Crenças Religiosas e as Pessoas Vivendo com HIV (PVHIV). Metodologia: Estudo transversal, descritivo de natureza qualitativa, que utilizou um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado em 17 pacientes em tratamento no ambulatório de Imunologia de um Hospital Universitário do Rio de Janeiro. A análise qualitativa das falas utilizou o método da Análise de Conteúdo, visando à interpretação do sentido das narrativas dos participantes. Discussão: Os estigmas que envolvem a doença e o preconceito promovem mudanças comportamentais no indivíduo. Porém, as Crenças Religiosas e Espiritualidade influenciam na quebra de paradigmas e minimizam o sofrimento desses pacientes, consolidando uma rede de solidariedade envolvendo religião e paciente, o que proporciona melhorias na qualidade de vida desses indivíduos. Conclusão: As crenças religiosas foram identificadas como promotoras de mudanças de comportamento e transposição de estigmas relacionados a doença.
La nodriza pasiega: transición de la actividad biológica a la laboral (1830-1930)
Authors: Gómez-Cantarino Sagrario , Romera-Álvarez Laura , Dios-Aguado Mercedes , Siles-González José , Espina-Jerez Blanca
Published: September 2020

Las nodrizas son las encargadas de la lactancia, educación y cuidados de hijos ajenos. Estas mujeres han tenido un papel en la sociedad desde la Antigüedad. Esta figura adquirió especial relevancia en España durante 1830-1930 ligada a la monarquía. El contrato de sus servicios tenía como causa problemas de salud de la madre biológica, pero se convirtió en un privilegio. La elección de estas mujeres se basaba en exámenes realizados por médicos y sacerdotes, que garantizaran la buena salud física y moral. Las amas de leche norteñas comenzaron a ser demandadas, especialmente las procedentes del Valle del Pas, las cuales emigraron a las zonas urbanas, como Madrid. Estas mujeres eran consideradas más saludables y aptas para realizar este oficio debido a su estado físico de robustez y su vida en la naturaleza. El contrato tenía implícito un sueldo y estaba regulado por leyes (1904 Protección a la Infancia y Real Decreto 1910). Sus servicios se realizaban en casas de expósitos y en hogares de las familias, incluso de la realeza. Cabe destacar la importancia de la nodriza, en un periodo histórico con altas tasas de mortalidad infantil, ya que fomentaron la supervivencia de los recién nacidos.
Cuidados terapêuticos de agentes da pastoral da sobriedade junto a dependentes químicos
Authors: Ferreira Picalho Ana Carla , Ferreira do Nascimento Vagner , Pereira Terças-Trettel Ana Cláudia , Benevenuto Reis Juliana , Guimarães Lemes Alisséia , Villar Luis Margarita Antonia
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: conhecer o cuidado terapêutico dos agentes da pastoral da sobriedade junto aos dependentes químicos. Método: pesquisa exploratória e com abordagem qualitativa, realizada em comunidade religiosa de referência do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre fevereiro e julho de 2019, mediante entrevista semiestruturada. A análise dos dados ocorreu pela Análise de Conteúdo sob à luz da Teoria de Expansão da Consciência. Resultados: o cuidado desenvolvido pela pastoral gera benefícios que não se restringem apenas aos dependentes e codependentes, mas também aos agentes da pastoral. Entretanto, percebeu-se algumas limitações desse cuidado, associadas ao número de agentes pastorais, ausência de parcerias com outras entidades e/ou pouca compreensão dos agentes frente ao programa dos 12 passos. Conclusão: evidencia-se a importância do fortalecimento desse cuidado, visto a dificuldade em alcançar/assistir esse grupo vulnerável na comunidade.
Reseña de Sapiens (de animales a dioses) de Yuval Nuah Harari
Authors: Cibanal Arce Sara
Published: September 2020

Reseña sobre el libro de Nuah Harari "Sapiens, de animales a dioses".
La biografía social de los conversos de judíos valencianos. Una propuesta metodológica de investigación a partir de las fuentes inquisitoriales
Authors: Barrio Barrio Juan Antonio
Published: September 2020

El artículo expone y reivindica una propuesta de investigación, a partir de la elaboración de biografías sociales-modales de individuos de las clases populares, de personas sin historia. Nuestro objeto de estudio prioritario sería el colectivo de los conversos de judío valencianos, a partir de las fuentes judiciales conservadas, con especial énfasis en la exhumación de los procesos inquisitoriales.
Usos de la investigación empírica para el reenfoque de las reformas judiciales: elecciones desde cinco países
Authors: Hammergren Linn
Published: September 2020

El artículo plantea un estudio sobre la ineficiencia del Poder judicial en América Latina y como, a pesar de los esfuerzos por realizar una reforma eficaz, los problemas actuales son similares a los de hace dos décadas. Estos problemas han originado que los ciudadanos desconfíen de la institución judicial. Se trata de un trabajo que pretende analizar las reformas producidas en la Administración de justicia latinoamericana y establecer propuestas para así mejorar la actual situación
Fortalecimiento de la independencia judicial en Centroamérica: un balance tras veinte años de reformas
Authors: Díaz Rivillas Borja , Linares Lejarraga Sebastián
Published: September 2020

En los últimos veinte años, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala y Costa Rica han realizado esfuerzos para promover la independencia judicial. La agenda de reformas ha incluido importantes cambios institucionales como la reducción de la influencia política del Ejecutivo en los nombramientos de los magistrados de la Corte Suprema, el establecimiento en la Constitución de un mínimo presupuestario que debe ser asignado al Poder judicial, se han incrementado los salarios de los jueces y se han introducido (o modificado) leyes de la carrera judicial para proporcionar un sistema de selección de los tribunales inferiores de justicia más transparente y meritocrático. Sin embargo, pese a las reformas, la experiencia democrática y una mayor supervisión de la sociedad civil y de los donantes internacionales, la percepción general es que, con la excepción de Costa Rica, los organismos judiciales centroamericanos siguen siendo corruptos, altamente politizados, poco transparentes e incapaces de luchar de manera eficiente contra la corrupción y las violaciones de los derechos humanos. El presente artículo intenta responder a la pregunta de por qué las reformas no han tenido un mayor impacto en el comportamiento de los jueces.
CHUVAS EXTREMAS E O INTENSO EL NIÑO DE 2015/2016:
Authors: Zandonadi Leandro
Published: September 2020

Maringá é uma cidade de médio porte da Mesorregião Norte Central Paranaense, recortada pelo Trópico de Capricórnio e, portanto, influenciada por sistemas atmosféricos tropicais e subtropicais que podem promover significativa variabilidade atmosférica e, eventualmente, intensos eventos de chuvas. Assim, os regimes hídricos dos rios da região são dependentes e muitas vezes impactados pelo dinamismo da atmosfera tanto regional quanto global. Analisou-se o histórico pluviométrico desta região e a influência do El Niño de 2015/2016 em um episódio de chuvas extremas registrado no período e que inundou a área de coleta de água e impactou significativamente o abastecimento da cidade, gerando caos para a população. Foram constatados volumes diários extremos de chuvas durante tal episódio e tendências históricas de aumento destes volumes para praticamente toda a região hidrográfica à montante da área de coleta. Neste sentido o monitoramento realizado pela empresa responsável pelo serviço também pode ter sido insuficiente ou deficitário.