bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronic-low-dose L-NAME treatment increases nitric oxide production and vasorelaxation in normotensive rats
Authors: Bernátová I , Kopincová J , Púzserová A , Janega P , Babál P
Published: November 2021

N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) is a non-specific nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, commonly used for the induction of NO-deficient hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic low-dose administration of L-NAME on NO production, vascular function and structure of the heart and selected arteries of rats. Adult male Wistar rats were treated with L-NAME in the dose of approximately 1.5 mg/kg/day in drinking water for 8 weeks. Basal blood pressure (BP) of rats (determined by tail-cuff) was 112+/-3 mm Hg. The low-dose administration of L-NAME significantly elevated BP measured on the third and sixth week of treatment vs. controls by approximately 9 % and 12 %, respectively. After this period, BP of L-NAME-treated rats returned to the control values. The relative left ventricular mass, heart fibrosis and collagen III/collagen I ratio were not affected by L-NAME. Similarly, there were no alterations in the cross-sectional area and wall thickness/diameter ratio of the aorta and the femoral artery of L-NAME-treated rats. NO synthase activity (determined by conversion of [(3)H]-L-arginine to [(3)H]-L-citrulline) was not altered in the hypothalamus of L-NAME-treated rats. Interestingly, chronic low-dose L-NAME treatment significantly elevated NO synthase activity in the left ventricle and aorta, increased endothelium-dependent acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation and reduced serotonin-induced vasoconstriction of the femoral artery. The data suggest that chronic low-dose L-NAME treatment can increase NO production and vasorelaxation in normotensive rats without negative structural changes in the cardiovascular system.
Spironolactone differently influences remodeling of the left ventricle and aorta in L-NAME-induced hypertension
Authors: Šimko F , Matušková J , Lupták I , Pinčíková T , Krajčirovičová K , Štvrtina S , Pomšár J , Pelouch V , Paulis Ľ , Pecháňová O
Published: November 2021

Aldosterone receptor antagonist, spironolactone, has been shown to prevent remodeling of the heart in several models of left ventricular hypertrophy. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the treatment with spironolactone can prevent hypertension, reduction of tissue nitric oxide synthase activity and left ventricular (LV) and aortic remodeling in N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertension. Four groups of rats were investigated: control, spironolactone (200 mg/kg), L-NAME (40 mg/kg) and L-NAME + spironolactone (in corresponding dosage). Animals were studied after 5 weeks of treatment. The decrease of NO-synthase activity in the LV and kidney was associated with the development of hypertension and LV hypertrophy, with increased DNA concentration in the LV, and remodeling of the aorta in the L-NAME group. Spironolactone prevented the inhibition of NO-synthase activity in the LV and kidney and partially attenuated hypertension and LVH development and the increase in DNA concentration. However, remodeling of the aorta was not prevented by spironolactone treatment. We conclude that the aldosterone receptor antagonist spironolactone improved nitric oxide production and partially prevented hypertension and LVH development without preventing hypertrophy of the aorta in NO-deficient hypertension. The reactive growth of the heart and aorta seems to be controlled by different mechanisms in L-NAME-induced hypertension.
Spontaneous, L-Arginine-Induced and Spironolactone-Induced Regression of Protein Remodeling of the Left Ventricle in L-NAME-Induced Hypertension
Authors: Šimko F , Potáčová A , Pelouch V , Paulis L , Matuskova J , Krajčirovičová K , Pecháňová O , Adamcová M
Published: November 2021

N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertension is associated with protein remodeling of the left ventricle. The aim of the study was to show, whether aldosterone receptor blocker spironolactone and precursor of NO-production L-arginine were able to reverse the protein rebuilding of the left ventricle. Six groups of male Wistar rats were investigated: control 4 (4 weeks placebo), L-NAME (4 weeks L-NAME), spontaneous-regression (4 weeks L-NAME + 3 weeks placebo), spironolactone-regression (4 weeks L-NAME + 3 weeks spironolactone), L-arginine-regression (4 weeks L-NAME + 3 weeks arginine), control 7 (7 weeks placebo). L-NAME administration induced hypertension, hypertrophy of the left ventricle (LV), and the increase of metabolic and contractile as well as soluble and insoluble collagenous protein concentration. The systolic blood pressure and relative weight of the LV decreased in all three groups with regression, while the most prominent attenuation of the LVH was observed after spironolactone treatment. In the spontaneous-regression and L-arginine-regression groups the concentrations of individual proteins were not significantly different from the control value. However, in the spironolactone-regression group the concentration of metabolic, contractile and insoluble collagenous proteins remained significantly increased in comparison with the control group. The persistence of the increased protein concentration in the spironolactone group may be related to the more prominent reduction of myocardial water content by spironolactone.
The effect of continuous light exposure of rats on cardiac response to ischemia-reperfusion and NO-synthase activity.
Authors: Važan R , Janega P , Hojná S , Zicha J , Šimko F , Pecháňová O , Styk J , Paulis L
Published: November 2021

Factors modulating cardiac susceptibility to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) are permanently attracting the attention of experimental cardiology research. We investigated, whether continuous 24 h/day light exposure of rats can modify cardiac response to I/R, NO-synthase (NOS) activity and the level of oxidative load represented by conjugated dienes (CD) concentration. Two groups of male adult Wistar rats were studied: controls exposed to normal light/dark cycle (12 h/day light, 12 h/day dark) and rats exposed to continuous light for 4 weeks. Perfused isolated hearts (Langendorff technique) were exposed to 25 min global ischemia and subsequent 30 min reperfusion. The recovery of functional parameters (coronary flow, left ventricular developed pressure, contractility and relaxation index) during reperfusion as well as the incidence, severity and duration of arrhythmias during first 10 min of reperfusion were determined. The hearts from rats exposed to continuous light showed more rapid recovery of functional parameters but higher incidence, duration and severity of reperfusion arrhythmias compared to controls. In the left ventricle, the NOS activity was attenuated, but the CD concentration was not significantly changed. We conclude that the exposure of rats to continuous light modified cardiac response to I/R. This effect could be at least partially mediated by attenuated NO production.
Guidance for Increasing the Use of Recycled Concrete Pavement Materials
Authors: Cavalline Tara , Snyder Mark , Cackler Tom , Taylor Peter
Published: November 2021

Recycling concrete pavements has been a common practice in the US for decades, and recently, public agencies have been more closely examining recycling opportunities. Reasons supporting recycling include the diminishing quantity of good natural materials, economics, improved project execution, minimizing traffic disruption, and supporting sustainability goals. Many states, however, have specifications or policies that restrict concrete pavement recycling. The contracting industry may overlook opportunities to use recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) due to a lack of familiarity with technical requirements or uncertainty of performance. The National Concrete Pavement Technology Center (CP Tech Center) recently completed a comprehensive set of technical resources for the Federal Highway Administration to assist practitioners with sound approaches to project selection, scoping and construction requirements to support increased use of recycled concrete pavement materials. This paper describes the results of a 2016 survey of agency and industry RCA usage, presents an overview of the technical resources prepared as part of this initiative, and presents recommendations for supporting broader application of recycling concrete pavement materials.
Optimized Spacing Of The Longitudinal Reinforcement In CRCP To Avoid Horizontal Cracking
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , De Winne Pieter , Khattak Muhammad Wisal , Outtier Amelie , De Backer Hans
Published: November 2021

Continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) is characterized by the absence of transverse contraction joints and the presence of longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. The continuous longitudinal reinforcement holds the transverse cracks, caused by the longitudinal shrinkage of concrete, tightly together and thus provides long term performance with minimal maintenance cost. Field investigations on recently constructed CRCP's in Flanders region of Belgium indicated horizontal cracking in the vicinity of the longitudinal reinforcement under the transverse cracks which eventually causes the punch-out distress at the edge of the pavement slab. This paper shows the results of a finite element (FE) study to investigate the effect of varying longitudinal reinforcement on the risk of horizontal cracking in CRCP under typical Flanders conditions. For this purpose, a (3D) FE model of CRCP is developed using a FE package Diana 10.2. The varying longitudinal reinforcement with a most narrow spacing of 125mm in the outer region of the pavement slab is applied while keeping the same CRCP reinforcement ratio. A comparison is made with the conventional longitudinal reinforcement spacing (170mm). Development of concrete stress in the vicinity of the longitudinal reinforcement is plotted against the different longitudinal steel spacing. Findings show that the stress in concrete near longitudinal reinforcement is significantly reduced up to maximum 17% when the narrow spacing is used. In addition, the steel stress in the longitudinal reinforcing is reduced up to maximum 31.75% in the outer region of the pavement slab.
ON THE QUESTION OF DEFINING THE CONCEPT OF "DIGITAL CONSTITUTIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS" IN THE MODERN PERIOD OF DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL SCIENCE
Authors:   Western branch of Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Kaliningrad, Russia, MIKHAILICHENKO ILYA
Published: November 2021

The scientific article considers issues related to the definition of the concept of "digital constitutional rights of citizens" and their inclusion in the categorical and conceptual apparatus of the science of constitutional law, in the norms of the constitutions of various states. The author offers an interpretation of this concept. Under "digital constitutional rights of citizens", in this scientific article, a set of universal equal opportunities for human behavior enshrined in the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, is meant, and these opportunities determine the procedure for the implementation of individual and joint activities to use digital electronic services, information, digital technologies, digital products, the procedure for guaranteeing protection their rights in the information space. The article proposes ideas, initiatives and suggestions in terms of forecasting the development of digital constitutional human rights that a person currently possesses, using the new information and communication opportunities provided by the global Internet. Conclusions. An analysis of the practice of international legal documents led the author to the conclusion that despite the fact that international organizations are making attempts to regulate relations in this area, work on substantiating digital constitutional norms in some countries is limited to the development of state programs in which normative legal acts are adopted and introduced changes in the norms of sectoral legislation, in other countries the discussion of this problem is only from the perspective of scientific constitutionalists. It is necessary to start work on a comprehensive international program of international legal regulation of relations in the field of digital rights with the involvement of the international legal community, representatives of the science of constitutional law. This will contribute to the development of a categorical and conceptual apparatus in this area of knowledge.
ON SOME ASPECTS OF SOCIO-CRIMINOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   National Academy of Education named after I. Altynsarin, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan, BEKMAGAMBETOV ALIMZHAN ,   Kostanay regional University named after A. Baitursynov (KRU), Kostanai, Republic of Kazakhstan,   IMSI «Elim» LLP, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan, TABULDENOV ALIBEK , BATYRBEKOVA DIANA , SULEIMENOV RUSLANBEK
Published: November 2021

Purpose of the study. The article considers and analyzes the results of a socio-criminological study conducted on human trafficking in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors substantiate the thesis about the insufficiency of existing measures to combat human trafficking, which determines the need to find the most optimal, modern and timely legislative and law enforcement tools. The paper notes that the study obtained specific results related to the study of the features of the formation and optimization of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the system of crimes related to human trafficking at the international and national levels; ideas, initiatives, proposals, and key results were developed in terms of modeling the policy of countering crimes related to human trafficking and their implementation in scientific and methodological, practical activities of human rights, law enforcement, and international organizations. Results. Within the framework of the study, the authors conclude that the main reasons for the origin of cases of human trafficking in the Republic of Kazakhstan are poverty, limited economic opportunities for access to effective employment, education, a significant difference in the level of economic development between countries and regions within the country, the crisis of the family, family values, domestic violence, the growth of dysfunctional families, general gender inequality, alcoholism, social orphanhood, and peculiarities of mentality. Social status, low level of education, young age, and psychoemotional state are also factors that increase the chances of becoming a victim of human trafficking.
OPTIMASI JUMLAH PRODUKSI ROTI MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM LINEAR DAN SOFTWARE POM-QM
Authors: Rumetna Matheus Supriyanto
Published: November 2021

Pabrik Dani Bakery merupakan sebuah pabrik yang bergerak dalam bidang usaha non jasa yang berlokasi di Aimas Unit 1, Kabupaten Sorong, Provinsi Papua Barat. Di tengah persaingan usaha yang semakin ketat dan sulit, apalagi diterpa oleh kondisi pandemi saat ini, menimbulkan permasalahan dalam menentukan jumlah produksi selama sebulan guna memaksimalkan keuntungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut menggunakan Program Linier, agar lebih efektif dan efisien digunakan Teknologi Informasi berupa software POM-QM. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data adalah observasi dan wawancara, sedangkan untuk analisis datanya menggunakan metode simpleks serta software POM-QM. Hasilnya, pabrik Dani Bakery mendapatkan keuntungan sebesar Rp. 200.000.000 per produksi roti setiap bulannya, yang dapat dijadikan acuan dalam pengambilan keputusan.
SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA KERUSAKAN MOTOR KAWASAKI KLX150 MENGGUNAKAN METODE CASE-BASED REASONING DENGAN ALGORITMA 3W-JACCARD
Authors: Febriansyah Edwin , Winarno Edy
Published: November 2021

In this day and age, motorbikes have an important role in transportation facilities, motorbike users are increasingly dense, especially in the city of Semarang, which is not accompanied by information media. The lack of media information regarding damage to the motorbike makes it difficult for someone to know the cause of the damage to the motorbike, not to mention the Kawasaki KLX150 which happens a lot of engine damage. For this reason, the expert system diagnoses motor damage by knowing the type of motor damage, after that diagnostics and alternative solutions to the problem are carried out. With this, the method and algorithm used is Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) using the Similarity 3W-Jaccard calculation, this second method and algorithm can be used to diagnose damage from the symptoms in the database. Each symptom has a weighted value of each, including a value of 5 (five) for severe symptoms, relating to engine and electrical parts, a value of 3 (three) for moderate symptoms, relating to braking and chains, a value of 1 (one) mild symptom, relating to with the indicator on the speedometer. The system will display 5 (five) types of damage calculated using the 3W-Jaccard Algorithm sorted by the highest value. The revision process will appear if the similarity calculation results are less than 0.6 (zero point six) because it is considered that the results are not sufficiently similar to the solution to be repaired, it needs to be reviewed and will be entered into the review table, then the expert will find a solution.
Geoscience Solutions for Sustainable Offshore Wind Development
Authors: Velenturf A. P. M. , Emery A. R. , Hodgson D. M. , Barlow N. L. M. , Mohtaj Khorasani A. M. , Van Alstine J. , Peterson E. L. , Piazolo S. , Thorp M.
Published: November 2021

Low carbon energy infrastructure, such as wind and solar farms, are crucial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global temperature rise to 1.5°C. During 2020, 5.2 GW of offshore wind capacity went into operation worldwide, taking the total operational capacity of global offshore wind to 32.5 GW from 162 offshore windfarms, and over 200 GW of new capacity is planned by 2030. To meet net-zero targets, growth of offshore wind generation is expected, which raises new challenges, including integration of offshore wind into the natural environment and the wider energy system, throughout the wind farm lifecycle. This review examines the role of geosciences in addressing these challenges; technical sustainability challenges and opportunities are reviewed, filtered according to global governance priorities, and assessed according to the role that geoscience can play in providing solutions. We find that geoscience solutions play key roles in sustainable offshore wind energy development through two broad themes: 1) windfarm and infrastructure site conditions, and 2) infrastructure for transmission, conversion and energy storage. To conclude, we recommend priorities and approaches that will support geoscience contributions to offshore wind, and ultimately enable sustainable offshore wind development. Recommendations include industry collaboration and systems for effective data sharing and archiving, as well as further research, education and skills.
Influences of Compressive Force and Zoledronic Acid on Osteoblast Proliferation and Differentiation: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Yusa Kazuyuki , Ishikawa Shigeo , Hemmi Tomoharu , Takano Hiroshi , Fukuda Masayuki , Iino Mitsuyoshi
Published: November 2021

This study investigates the effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) and compressive force on osteoblast functions, to elucidate the pathogenesis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). MC3T3-E1 cells were exposed to ZA (1, 10 and 100 µM) to evaluate the effects of ZA on cell proliferation. Furthermore, to investigate the influence of ZA with or without compressive force on osteoblast differentiation, real-time polymerase chain reaction and Alizarin Red S staining were performed. ZA concentrations > 10 μM were highly cytotoxic to MC3T3-E1 cells. Combining 1-μM ZA with compressive force influenced expression levels of osteoblast-related genes and matrix mineralization. The inhibitory effects of ZA on cell proliferation and the combination of ZA and compressive force on osteoblast differentiation may contribute to the pathogenesis of MRONJ.
Wake of Elongated Low-Rise Building at Oblique Incidences
Authors: Wang Fei , Lam Kit Ming
Published: November 2021

We investigated the turbulent wake of an elongated low-rise building at oblique wind incidence via wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulations. The deflection phenomenon of mean building wake is clearly supported by the downwind trajectory of the point of maximum velocity deficit. A two-step mechanism is proposed for the understanding of the wake deflection process and its evolution in the building wake. The oblique wind incidence leads to a location shift of shear layer flow competition in the near-wake region (“WD1”) and then the deflected prevailing wind extends its effect in the far-wake region (“WD2”). The streamwise development of lateral wake deflection predicted from this mechanism, as well as the variations with height due to the three-dimensional wake structure, compares well with the measurement and simulation results. For aviation safety assessment of wake effect of the present building on aircraft landing, the data are compared to the “1:35 rule” and “7-knot criterion”. In addition, the importance of velocity fluctuation is demonstrated with an exceedance probability analysis.
King-Devick Test Performance and Cognitive Dysfunction after Concussion: A Pilot Eye Movement Study
Authors: Gold Doria M. , Rizzo John-Ross , Lee Yuen Shan Christine , Childs Amanda , Hudson Todd E. , Martone John , Matsuzawa Yuka K. , Fraser Felicia , Ricker Joseph H. , Dai Weiwei , Selesnick Ivan , Balcer Laura J. , Galetta Steven L. , Rucker Janet C.
Published: November 2021

(1) Background: The King-Devick (KD) rapid number naming test is sensitive for concussion diagnosis, with increased test time from baseline as the outcome measure. Eye tracking during KD performance in concussed individuals shows an association between inter-saccadic interval (ISI) (the time between saccades) prolongation and prolonged testing time. This pilot study retrospectively assesses the relation between ISI prolongation during KD testing and cognitive performance in persistently-symptomatic individuals post-concussion. (2) Results: Fourteen participants (median age 34 years; 6 women) with prior neuropsychological assessment and KD testing with eye tracking were included. KD test times (72.6 ± 20.7 s) and median ISI (379.1 ± 199.1 msec) were prolonged compared to published normative values. Greater ISI prolongation was associated with lower scores for processing speed (WAIS-IV Coding, r = 0.72, p = 0.0017), attention/working memory (Trails Making A, r = −0.65, p = 0.006) (Digit Span Forward, r = 0.57, p = −0.017) (Digit Span Backward, r= −0.55, p = 0.021) (Digit Span Total, r = −0.74, p = 0.001), and executive function (Stroop Color Word Interference, r = −0.8, p = 0.0003). (3) Conclusions: This pilot study provides preliminary evidence suggesting that cognitive dysfunction may be associated with prolonged ISI and KD test times in concussion.
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Contributes to Apoptosis Induced by the Bcl-2 Inhibitor Venetoclax in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Legrand Noémie , Pradier Amandine , Poulain Laury , Mouche Sarah , Birsen Rudy , Larrue Clément , Simonetta Federico , Tamburini Jerome
Published: November 2021

The treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a challenge especially among the elderly. The Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax recently showed significant survival benefits in AML patients when combined to low-dose cytarabine or azacitidine. Bcl-2 inhibition initiate mitochondrial apoptosis, but also respiration and cellular ATP production in AML. AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) is a central energy sensor activated by increased AMP:ATP ratio to restore the cellular energy balance. Unexpectedly, we observed that venetoclax inhibited AMPK activity through caspase-dependent degradation of AMPK subunits in AML cells. On the other hand, genetic models of AMPK invalidation and re-expression suggested that AMPK participated to the early stages of apoptotic response through a negative regulation of multi-domain anti-apoptotic effectors such as Mcl-1 or Bcl-xL. Together our results suggested a new link between AMPK and Bcl-2-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis that participated to the anti-leukemic activity of venetoclax in AML.
Perovskite PV Energy Harvesting System for Uninterrupted IoT Device Applications
Authors: Olzhabay Yerassyl , Ng Annie , Ukaegbu Ikechi A.
Published: November 2021

The performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been improved throughout the years. These photovoltaic (PV) cells can be used to power Internet of Things (IoT) devices for indoor applications. A perovskite PV energy harvesting system with a stand-by battery that continuously powers an IoT device is developed in this work. The battery is required to complement the PSCs when the latter have difficulties in power delivery during low or no irradiance. The performance of the energy harvesting circuit as well as the battery charge and discharge scenarios are investigated. Voltage matching between the PSC and the battery is achieved by a boost converter. The PSC energy harvesting system uses fractional open-circuit voltage (FOCV) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT), which utilizes a Sample and Hold (S&H) circuit. The FOCV technique is based on a comparison of the perovskite PV open circuit voltages and the maximum power points. For each irradiance level, the maximum power point is unique, and this work uses a light-dependent resistor (LDR) to adjust the scaling constant in MPPT. Case studies include various scenarios under 1000 lux fluorescent light and 1 sun irradiance as well as a consideration of different battery states.
Classifying Adenomyosis: Progress and Challenges
Authors: Habiba Marwan , Benagiano Giuseppe
Published: November 2021

Classically, the diagnosis of adenomyosis relied on histological examination of uteri following hysterectomy and classifications focused on the depth of endometrial invasion within the myometrium. There remain uncertainties around the cut-off point for the histological diagnosis. Imaging-based diagnosis enables recognition of the condition in women not undergoing surgery and facilitates the assessment of the extent of adenomyosis within the whole uterus, as well as of affections of the uterovesical pouch and of the pouch of Douglas. In this article, we explore the diagnostic uncertainties, the need to produce a classification of the condition and the challenges towards that goal. A distinction should be drawn between disease mapping and a classification that may link histological or image-based features with clinical characteristics, or with pathophysiology. An agreed system for reporting adenomyotic lesions may enable comparisons of research studies and thus contribute towards an informed classification. To this aim, we outline the features of the condition and explore the characteristics that are considered when producing a taxonomy. These include the latest proposal for subdivision of adenomyosis into an internal and an external variant. We also explore the uncertainties linked to classifying involvement of the uterovesical pouch, the pouch of Douglas and lesions in the outer myometrium. The limitations of currently available evidence suggest that agreement on a hypothesis to underpin a classification is unlikely at present. Therefore, current efforts will probably remain focused on disease mapping.
Application of a micro-perforated panel absorber to reduce the curve squeal noise of railways
Authors: Lee Woong-yong , Kim Jae-chul , Noh Hee-min
Published: November 2021

A micro-perforated panel absorber (MPPA) can reduce noise without the use of sound-absorbing materials. It is made of various materials and is poten- tially applicable in a variety of fields. However, the application of MPPAs is limited owing to the narrow absorption band. In a previous
study, to enhance the sound- absorption performance of MPPAs, we proposed a parallel arrangement of multi- layer MPPAs. Based on the results of this previous study, we carried out the present study to apply an MPPA to the curve squeal noise of railways. Squeal noise, which occurs at approximately
500 to 5000 Hz, has high-level peaks. We designed and fabricated an MPPAwith the proposed structure according to the characteris- tics of the squeal noise. The noise reduction was analyzed after an MPPA barrier was installed in the field with a curve radius of 120 m. The reduction in noise
level was approximately 17 dB(A) on the first floor and approximately 7 dB(A) on the fourth floor of the building. At 630 to 5000 Hz, the noise reduction level was at least approximately 5 dB(A). To analyze the noise absorption effect of the MPPA bar- rier, a simulation was carried out and
subsequently verified by comparing the measurement results with the simulation results. In the simulation, the difference in noise reduction level between the MPPA and reflective barrier was analyzed. The noise reduction level of the MPPA barrier was approximately 7.5 dB(A) higher than that
of the reflective barrier on the second and third floors of the build- ing at 630 to 5000 Hz. These results support the viability of MPPA application in re- ducing noise from curve squeal noise.
Presence of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces and materials in supermarket social areas in Türkiye
Authors: GÖNCÜOĞLU Muammer , AYAZ Naim Deniz , HACİOGLU Sabri , YEŞİL Samiye Öznur , YILDIRIM Özcan , YARALI Cevdet , SEÇKİN Harun , PAKDEMİRLİ Bekir
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that cause the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), particularly on certain foods and surfaces that come in contact with food in district supermarkets in Ankara, Türkiye, where the highest number of COVID-19 cases was reported based on data from the Ministry of Health. For this purpose, a total of 172 samples were taken from 5 supermarkets in 4 districts in Ankara. RNA was extracted from the samples and RdRp gene-targeting reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays were used to determine the presence of SARS-CoV-2. The results showed that all the supermarket samples collected during the period when there was a high number of COVID-19 cases in the district did not have SARS-CoV-2 except for one sample that was taken from a supermarket where COVID-19 had been detected among the staff. In this supermarket, COVID-19 RNA was detected with a high number of copies of 5 000, using Real-Time RT-PCR assay in pooled swab samples taken from salt shakers, pepper shakers, red pepper shakers, and vinegar and oil bottles in the social area that the staff used for lunchbreaks and other breaks. This finding shows that it is of great importance for public health agencies to monitor COVID-19 cases in food businesses in regions with a high number of cases and to take samples from these businesses at certain intervals, as a form of “early warning system.”
Short- and Long-Term Recovery after Moderate/Severe AKI in Patients with and without COVID-19
Authors: Sun Siao , Annadi Raji R. , Chaudhri Imran , Munir Kiran , Hajagos Janos , Saltz Joel , Hoai Minh , Mallipattu Sandeep K. , Moffitt Richard , Koraishy Farrukh M.
Published: November 2021

Key Points

Respiratory disease was associated with nonrecovery and renal recovery was associated with survival in AKI-2/3 patients with COVID-19.

Machine Learning algorithms can predict AKI and recovery from COVID-19-associated AKI-2/3 and identify key predictors.

At 12-month follow-up in moderate/severe AKI survivors, no difference in CKD between COVID-positive and -negative patients was observed.

Background

Severe AKI is strongly associated with poor outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but data on renal recovery are lacking.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed these associations in 3299 hospitalized patients (1338 with COVID-19 and 1961 with acute respiratory illness but who tested negative for COVID-19). Uni- and multivariable analyses were used to study mortality and recovery after Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Stages 2 and 3 AKI (AKI-2/3), and Machine Learning was used to predict AKI and recovery using admission data. Long-term renal function and other outcomes were studied in a subgroup of AKI-2/3 survivors.

Results

Among the 172 COVID-19-negative patients with AKI-2/3, 74% had partial and 44% complete renal recovery, whereas 12% died. Among 255 COVID-19 positive patients with AKI-2/3, lower recovery and higher mortality were noted (51% partial renal recovery, 25% complete renal recovery, 24% died). On multivariable analysis, intensive care unit admission and acute respiratory distress syndrome were associated with nonrecovery, and recovery was significantly associated with survival in COVID-19-positive patients. With Machine Learning, we were able to predict recovery from COVID-19-associated AKI-2/3 with an average precision of 0.62, and the strongest predictors of recovery were initial arterial partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide, serum creatinine, potassium, lymphocyte count, and creatine phosphokinase. At 12-month follow-up, among 52 survivors with AKI-2/3, 26% COVID-19-positive and 24% COVID-19-negative patients had incident or progressive CKD.

Conclusions

Recovery from COVID-19-associated moderate/severe AKI can be predicted using admission data and is associated with severity of respiratory disease and in-hospital death. The risk of CKD might be similar between COVID-19-positive and -negative patients.
Improving Extension Curriculum Design Using Learner-Centered Templates
Authors: Halbleib Mary
Published: November 2021

Extension professionals’ use of learner-centered instructional practices can maximize engagement and more effectively address expressed needs within their diverse communities. The Outcome-Based Extension Education Design and Facilitating Teaching and Learning templates enable educators to effectively implement curricula that identify context-specific learner needs, activities that increase learner engagement, and assessment tasks that gather evidence of essential knowledge construction and skills development. Using these two practical tools, Extension professionals can streamline the creation of compelling and efficacious programs that focus on the intended learning outcomes.
Hastalıklı Çağın Marazîleri: Selahattin Enis Romanlarında Hastalık
Authors: YILDIRIMAY BAYRAKÇI Yağmur
Published: November 2021

1892-1942 yılları arasında yaşayan Selahattin Enis, romancı, hikâyeci ve gazeteci olarak tanınır. İlk romanını 1910 yılında yayımlayan yazarın, sekiz romanı ve bir hikâye kitabı vardır. Otuz yıl kadar gazetecilik yapan Enis, farklı gazetelerde çok sayıda makale, deneme, fantezi türünde yazılar da yayımlamıştır. Edebiyat tarihinde ismini sık duyamadığımız yazar eserlerinde natüralizm akımına bağlı kalmış, Balkan Savaşı’ndan Kurtuluş Savaşı’nın sonuna kadar olan dönemi içine alarak toplumdaki yozlaşmayı dile getirmiştir. Edebiyatın amacının toplum sorunlarını anlatmak olduğunu düşünen yazar, romanlarında cephe gerisinde kalan şehirli insanların kötülüklerle örülü hayatını kaleme alırken hastalık kavramından yararlanmıştır. Verem, zatürree gibi “fizikî” hastalıkların yanı sıra zevk düşkünlüğü, kıskançlık gibi “ruhî” hastalıklara; fuhuş, kumar gibi “toplumsal” hastalıklara sıklıkla başvurmuştur. Bu makalede Enis’in Neriman, Sârâ, Zaniyeler, Orta Malı ve Cehennem Yolcuları adlı romanları bahsedilen hastalıklar çerçevesinde değerlendirilecek, savaş yıllarında yaşanan aksaklıkları dile getirmede hastalıkların ne gibi bir işleve sahip olduğu ortaya konulacaktır.
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of the extract and lectins from Moringa oleifera Lam. Seeds / Avaliação da citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade do extrato e lectinas das sementes de Moringa oleifera Lam
Authors: De Barros Matheus Cavalcanti , Videres Larissa Cardoso Corrêa de Araújo , Batista André Mariano , Guerra Maria Madalena Pessoa , Coelho Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso , Da Silva Teresinha Gonçalves , Napoleão Thiago Henrique , Paiva Patrícia Maria Guedes
Published: November 2021

Moringa oleifera seeds are used globally as a treatment for water and contain the lectins cMoL and WSMoL, which display coagulant activity. In this study, we sought to determine the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the M. oleifera seed extract (SE), prepared with the same procedure that people use for treating water, as well as cMoL and WSMoL, in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Cell viability was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, while genotoxicity was evaluated using the comet assay, with cell nucleoids categorized in classes ranging from 0 (without damage) to 4 (maximum damage). The PBMCs treated with SE, cMoL, and WSMoL displayed viability higher than 60% in treatments with concentrations up to 100 µg/mL. In addition, SE and cMoL displayed low genotoxicity owing to the detection of nucleoids in class 1. However, the number of nucleoids in all classes increased when 50 and 100 µg/mL of WSMoL was administered, reaching a damage frequency of 50.0%. Although M. oleifera SE, cMoL, and WSMoL were not cytotoxic to PBMCs after 24 h of exposure, dose-dependent genotoxic effects were observed, especially with WSMoL. These findings indicate that caution must be exercised when selecting a lectin/extract concentration for water treatment.
Urolitíase em porquinho-da-índia (Cavia Porcellus): relato de caso / Urolithiasis in guinea pig (Cavia Porcellus): case
Authors: Da Silveira Maria Eduarda Tronco , Prusch Fabiane , Roll Alessandra , De Fraga Mariana Marsicano , Morel Ana Paula , Azevedo Daniel , Valandro Marilia Avila , Gorczak Rochelle
Published: November 2021

A urolitíase refere-se à presença de sedimento a base de cristais no trato urinário, muito comum em porquinhos-da-índia (Cavia porcellus), principalmente quando estes animais tem uma alimentação desbalanceada com dieta rica em cálcio. A etiologia não está bem elucidada, porém existem fatores de predisposição para patologia, como a ingestão inadequada de água, retenção de urina, higiene inadequada da gaiola e obesidade. Os sinais clínicos variam de acordo com o local onde se encontram e o tamanho do cálculo, mas comumente os animais apresentam anorexia hematúria, estrangúria, polaquiúria, postura encolhida e debruçada, além de vocalização ao urinar. O diagnóstico dessa patologia deve-se basear nos sinais clínicos, exame físico, urinálise, além de exames de imagem como ultrassonografia e radiografia. O tratamento de escolha para urolitíase em cobaios é cirúrgico, sendo esse a cistotomia ou a uretrostomia. A mudança de manejo também é muito importante para se evitar recidivas. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso completo de um porquinho-da-índia apresentando urolitíase em vesícula urinária. Foi atendido um porquinho-da-índia de dois anos com alimentação rica em cálcio, apresentando hematúria há três dias e dor na palpação abdominal. Foi realizado o exame ultrassonográfico, onde se observou a presença de um urólito, que pelo pequeno tamanho poderia ser expelido sozinho, sendo indicado apenas acompanhamento ultrassonográfico. Porém o roedor retornou com o mesmo quadro de hematúria e dor na palpação abdominal, porém no exame ultrassonográfico mostrou um urólito de maior tamanho, sendo indicado a retirada por cistotomia. Após dois meses o animal retornou com o mesmo quadro de recidiva e com o urólito maior, sendo realizado novamente o procedimento de cistotomia para retirada do cálculo. O cobaio recuperou-se da cirurgia e foi indicado mudança de manejo e alimentação para o mesmo, afim de evitar novas recidivas. Sendo assim, esta patologia comum em cobaios, quando diagnosticada corretamente e fazendo o tratamento correto tem um prognostico positivo como do caso em questão.
Fratura de Fabela: relato de caso/ Fabella Fracture: A case report
Authors: Schueda Marco Antonio , Menegazzo Cristiano Grimm , Bier Rodrigo Schueda , Kulevicz Gabriel Vitor , Neto José Augusto Bach
Published: November 2021

A fabela é um osso sesamoide localizado na cabeça lateral do músculo gastrocnêmio. Relatamos o caso de um homem de 49 anos que sofreu trauma durante uma partida de futebol. O levantamento bibliográfico demonstrou que a Fabela se relaciona com a estabilização da articulação do joelho podendo causar dor no joelho ou prejuízo funcional. Essa fratura é extremamente rara ate por ser sub diagnosticada clinica radiograficamente. Neste caso a fratura de fabela foi confirmada por raios-X simples e qualificada por tomografia axial computadorizada em 3D sendo o tratamento conservador efetivo para a recuperação funcional do paciente.
Erros pré-analíticos na técnica citologica ginecológica papanicolau e suas consequências no diagnóstico: uma revisão sistemática / Preanalytical errors in the gynecological pap smear technique and their consequences on diagnosis: a systematic review
Authors: Barros Karolayny Crystina Silva , Silva Andréia Ferreira , Suwa Uziel Ferreira
Published: November 2021

Este estudo visou realizar uma revisão sistemática abordando os principais erros cometidos durante a fase pré-analítica na citologia ginecológica e suas consequências no diagnóstico. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática com levantamento de artigos publicados sobre erros pré-analíticos na citologia ginecológica e suas consequências diretas no diagnóstico clínico. Utilizou-se as palavras chaves Teste de Papanicolau; Câncer de Colo Uterino; Citopatologia; Controle de Qualidade; Erros pré-analíticos. Sendo utilizados artigos do período de 2010 – 2020. O estudo foi realizado através do levantamento de artigos nos seguintes bancos de dados: Scielo (Scientific Eletronic Libray Online), PubMed, Elsevier e Medline. Foram utilizados 28 artigos na íntegra, tais mostraram os principais erros e os impactos no diagnóstico, posteriormente. Os erros apresentados foram: coleta insatisfatória, fixação inadequada, comprometimento da coloração e má realização da montagem da lâmina. O estudo foi de grande relevância, pois este mostra as fragilidades do processo, podendo garantir, através de aperfeiçoamentos dos profissionais da saúde, confiabilidade no diagnóstico citopatológico e proporcionar o controle de qualidade do processo.
Ensino de informática para meninas com ênfase no pensamento computacional / Teaching information technology to girls with an emphasis in Computational Thinking
Authors: Rodrigues Leandra Barbosa , Ströher Gylles Ricardo , Ströher Gisely Luzia
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho consiste no ensino de informática para meninas de 10 a 18 anos em situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica atendidas por organização não governamental na cidade de Apucarana e por acadêmicas da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Apucarana, Paraná, Brasil. Metodologicamente esse trabalho foi feito interseccionando desde o básico as habilidades de informática com outras áreas do conhecimento e se enfatizando a lógica de programação e o pensamento computacional durante as atividades. Para desenvolvimento desse foram utilizadas como referencial teórico a teoria do Construcionismo de Seymour Papert e da pedagogia da autonomia de Paulo Freire. O trabalho foi planejado para atenuar as barreiras em informática de meninas vulneráveis carentes e promover o empoderamento feminino
Avaliação da resistência de biótipo de Amaranthus Viridis ao Herbicida Glifosato / Evaluation of the resistance of biotype of caruru to Herbicide Glyphosate
Authors: Baldini Pablo Rodrigues , Jardim João Pedro Garcia , Torres Lucas Castro
Published: November 2021

No Brasil, a resistência de plantas daninhas é um processo que vem evoluindo gradativamente, prejudicando desta forma profissionais vinculados ao agronegócio como um todo, impactando o custo da lavoura e o meio ambiente. Sua resistência advém de biótipos previamente existentes nas áreas de produção, que tem sua frequência de ocorrência aumentada em função do insucesso no controle diante de aplicações repetidas e perduradas de herbicidas os quais apresentam o mesmo princípio ativo ou utilização contínua do mesmo produto fitossanitário. Os casos de resistência ao glifosato vêm aumentando, sendo necessário evitar a perda da viabilidade do produto. Nesse contexto, biótipos da espécie Amaranthus viridis, o caruru, tem apresentado dificuldade em seu controle. Diante da constante evolução de casos de resistência de plantas daninhas a herbicidas, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a existência de resistência de biótipo de A. viridis ao herbicida glifosato na região de Campo Grande - MS. As sementes de caruru foram semeadas em bandeja plástica com capacidade de 2 litros e seu transplante foi realizado 14 dias após a semeadura. Foram utilizados 4 tratamentos, cada um com 30 repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em: T0 (tratamento controle sem aplicação de glifosato); T1 (1000 g p.c. ha-1); T2 (2000 g p.c. ha-1); T3 (4000 g p.c. ha-1). Constatou-se que T0 (tratamento controle sem aplicação de glifosato); T1 (1000 g p.c. ha-1), não se diferenciaram. Foi observado no trabalho um maior número de plantas que sobreviveram no T1(100%), porém utilizou-se uma dosagem que corresponde à metade da recomendada para caruru. No que diz respeito ao segundo tratamento, T2 (dosagem recomendada para controle de caruru na cultura da soja) observou-se 60% de sobrevivência. Por fim, no tratamento T3 não se observou sobrevivência. A partir dos resultados obtidos no presente trabalho, foi possível registrar a presença de biótipo de Amaranthus viridis com características de resistência ao herbicida glifosato em Campo Grande - MS.
Livelihood Assets and Outcomes of Rural Farm Households in Central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan
Authors: Abdul Hassan Abdul Hassan , Shahnaz Akhtar  , Muhammad Ishaq
Published: November 2021

This study explores the factors of livelihood assets possessed by small farm households in Central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan that determines the livelihood outcomes using sustainable livelihood framework. Primary data were collected from 349 small farm households using well-structured pre-tested questionnaire having both closed and open-ended questions. The study first measured the livelihood assets worth through composite indices followed by the factors that influencing the livelihood outcomes using multiple regression model. The overall value of livelihood assets of small farm households in the study area was 0.297. The area small farmers were lacked in livelihood assets along with low level of living standards as well as economic development in the area. The empirical findings of regression model revealed that all the five capitals of livelihood asset had significant positive effect on livelihood outcomes. Additionally, household active labour and education of labor earners of human capital, family land of natural capital; livestock and access to formal financial credit of financial capital, distance to public services of physical capital and membership in MFSCs, access to service providers of social capital had significant positive effect on the livelihood outcomes. The study suggests that the livelihood asset should be upgraded in all capitals followed by changing the approach of agriculture departments and other allied stakeholders for developing agriculture sector and rural economy.