bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Precipitation-derived effects on the characteristics of proteinaceous soil organic matter across the continental United States
Authors: Hong Hualong , Ma Li , Smith David B. , Lu Haoliang , Yan Chongling , Xia Kang , Williams Mark A.
Published: October 2022

Proteinaceous amino acids composed up to 50% of microbial biomass, are a primary building block of soil organic nitrogen, and play a key role in soil organic N and C cycling. However, the large-scale drivers on these organic nitrogen pools is less explored. We hypothesized that the trends related to vegetation, soil mineralogy and climate will change the composition of hydrolyzable amino acids (HAAs), both within and between each horizon. Herein we report on the patterns of HAAs, and their dependence on soil (e.g., Al, Fe, pH) and climate (e.g., precipitation) factors between soil horizons across the continental U.S. It was found that the effect of vegetation type on HAAs was greater in the A horizon than in the C horizon, which was related to the different stages of the vegetation-associated decomposition and pedogenesis processes. A similar Leu-Phe-Ile-Gly co-occurrence structure was found in both soil horizons suggesting some similarity in processes that enrich organics in soil. Precipitation, but not temperature, showed significant associations with HAA composition. The chemical properties of the soil, including pH and mineral metals (Fe, Mn, Al, Ca), also influenced the HAAs’ characteristics. In particular, some specific HAAs (Glx, Asn, and Ala) mainly reflected the HAAs’ response to the environmental gradients in both horizons. The effect of precipitation on HAAs exhibits as a complex relationship mediated through organic matter, pH and minerals. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess continental-wide descriptors of the largest soil organic N pool, showing that pH, Fe, Ca, precipitation and vegetation explain soil AA composition. The role played by each of these drivers in the accrual and turnover of organic matter over large regional scales deserve further scrutiny. The large surface and subsurface HAA data set from this study should help change the way micro-scale conceptual and mechanistic models describe the chemical interactions and source pools that drive soil organic nitrogen, and possibly soil organic matter composition over regional scales.
Hamiltonian formulations of quasilinear theory for magnetized plasmas
Authors: Brizard Alain J. , Chan Anthony A.
Published: October 2022

Hamiltonian formulations of quasilinear theory are presented for the cases of uniform and nonuniform magnetized plasmas. First, the standard quasilinear theory of Kennel and Engelmann (Kennel, Phys. Fluids, 1966, 9, 2377) is reviewed and reinterpreted in terms of a general Hamiltonian formulation. Within this Hamiltonian representation, we present the transition from two-dimensional quasilinear diffusion in a spatially uniform magnetized background plasma to three-dimensional quasilinear diffusion in a spatially nonuniform magnetized background plasma based on our previous work (Brizard and Chan, Phys. Plasmas, 2001, 8, 4762–4771; Brizard and Chan, Phys. Plasmas, 2004, 11, 4220–4229). The resulting quasilinear theory for nonuniform magnetized plasmas yields a 3 × 3 diffusion tensor that naturally incorporates quasilinear radial diffusion as well as its synergistic connections to diffusion in two-dimensional invariant velocity space (e.g., energy and pitch angle).
Virtual reality modulates the control of upper limb motion in one-handed ball catching
Authors: Ida Hirofumi , Fukuhara Kazunobu , Ogata Takahiro
Published: October 2022

There remains a question about whether and to what extent perception–action coupled response in virtual reality are equal/unequal to those in the real world or physical reality. The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in the environmental effect of virtual presentation on the motor responses of a one-handed ball catching. Thirteen healthy participants were instructed to catch an approaching ball projected at three speeds in a real laboratory room and in a room-sized virtual reality system (CAVE) that simulated those real situations with two- or three-dimensional display settings. The results showed that the arm movement time, which denotes the duration of arm-raising motion (shoulder flexion), was significantly longer in the virtual reality than that in the physical reality at the fast ball speed condition. The shoulder flexion velocities, calculated as the average angular velocity of shoulder flexion over the arm movement time, were significantly lower in the virtual reality than in the physical reality at the medium and fast ball speed conditions. The electromyography onsets, derived from anterior deltoid, biceps brachii, and flexor carpi radialis muscles of the catching arm, appeared before and significantly closer to the initiation of arm raising in the two-dimensional virtual reality than both in the physical reality and in the three-dimensional virtual reality. The findings suggest that simulation of virtual reality may induce a modulation in the motor responses of the catching arm, which is different from natural motion that appeared in the real world. On the contrary, the effect of ball speed generally found in real setting was maintained in the current CAVE experiment.
Trade-offs in organic nutrient management strategies across mixed vegetable farms in Southwest British Columbia
Authors: Norgaard Amy E. , Lewis DeLisa , Borden Kira A. , Krzic Maja , Carrillo Juli , Smukler Sean M.
Published: October 2022

Balancing economic and environmental objectives can present trade-offs for organic farmers maximizing crop yields while maintaining core principles of ecology and health. A primary challenge for achieving this balance is nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) management. Meeting crop N requirements with compost can build soil carbon (C) and soil health but often over-applies P and increases soil P and associated environmental risks. Alternatively, high-N organic fertilizers can provide N without surplus P but can be expensive and lack C inputs that composts supply. We evaluated these potential trade-offs in 2-year field trials on 20 mixed vegetable farms across three regions of Southwest British Columbia, Canada, capturing a range of climatic-edaphic conditions and organic amendments. Three nutrient management strategies were evaluated: High Compost: compost applied to meet crop N removal, Low Compost + N: compost applied to meet crop P removal plus an organic fertilizer to meet crop N removal, and Typical: varying combinations of composts and/or organic fertilizers (“typical” nutrient application on the farm). Nutrient strategies were evaluated in terms of yield, input costs, and soil properties [permanganate oxidizable C (labile C responsive to soil management), and post-season available N and P]. Soil P was 21% higher with High Compost than Low Compost + N. In one region characterized by inexpensive but nutrient-rich composts and soils high in P, input costs were lowest with Typical, but in the second year, High Compost outperformed Typical in crop yield. Principal component analysis showed a divergence in post-season NO3- between nutrient strategies in relation to compost and soil properties: High Compost using high-N composts increased post-season NO3- (0–30 cm), whereas relative yields in High Compost tended to be higher on farms with lower soil C and lower C:N composts, while yields with Typical were higher under opposite conditions but associated with higher post-season NO3-. Combining input types (e.g., Low Compost + N) can meet environmental objectives in reducing surplus soil P without short-term yield or cost trade-offs compared to High Compost. However, maintaining soil C needs to be investigated to achieve effective ecological nutrient management in organic vegetable production with improved nutrient balances.
Optimal production areas of underutilized indigenous crops and their role under climate change: Focus on Bambara groundnut
Authors: Nhamo Luxon , Paterson Garry , van der Walt Marjan , Moeletsi Mokhele , Modi Albert , Kunz Richard , Chimonyo Vimbayi , Masupha Teboho , Mpandeli Sylvester , Liphadzi Stanley , Molwantwa Jennifer , Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe
Published: October 2022

Food demand in Africa continues to outstrip local supply, and the continent currently spends over US$35 billion annually on food imports to supplement local deficits. With the advances in agronomy and breeding, commercial crops like maize (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) in the region are under threat from climate change, decreasing rainfall and degraded lands. Unlike commercial crops that are generally adapted from other regions, underutilized indigenous crops are uniquely suited to local environments and are more resilient to climatic variations and tolerant to local pests and diseases. This study, done in Limpopo Province, South Africa, identifies optimal areas for cultivating Bambara groundnuts (Vigna subterannea), an indigenous crop suitable for arid and semi-arid regions. The aim is to promote the production of underutilized indigenous crops at a large scale with fewer resources, while still meeting local demand and reducing the food import budget. Suitability maps are delineated using a multicriteria decision method in a Geographic Information System (GIS). The procedure is important for diversifying farming systems, making them more resilient (to biotic and abiotic stresses and climate change) and more successful at enhancing water, food and nutritional security. With the province's limited water and land resources for agriculture expansion, promoting indigenous underutilized crops is a pathway to reduce water allocated to agriculture, thereby enhancing drought resilience and ensuring water, food and nutritional security. Large tracts of degraded agricultural land deemed unsuitable for adapted crops, and which may require costly land reclamation practices, can be used to cultivate underutilized crops that are adapted to extreme local conditions.
A modified trajectory of kyphoplasty via superior pedicle notch for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: Technique note and clinical result
Authors: Jiang Yi , Li Jian , Yuan Shuai , Zuo Rujun , Liu Chang , Zhang Jiexun , Ma Ming
Published: October 2022

Background

Percutaneous extra-pedicular kyphoplasty can achieve better clinical results than transpedicular kyphoplasty. However, lumbar segment artery injury as a disaster complication limits its clinical application.

Objective

To describe and evaluate a modified trajectory of kyphoplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).

Methods

Eighty-one patients who underwent percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for lumbar OVCF at our hospital between May 2017 and May 2021 were enrolled. The patients were divided into an observation group (via the superior pedicle approach) and a control group (via the transpedicular approach) according to the surgical trajectory. The surgical procedure was described in detail, and the imaging parameters were recorded. Preoperative and postoperative clinical data were collected for statistical analysis.

Results

PKP via the superior pedicle notch approach could offer large abduction and cranial inclination angles without serious complications. The rate of paravertebral leakage was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group. Surgery with a superior pedicle notch approach had a shorter operative time and fewer fluoroscopies.

Conclusions

PKP via the superior pedicle notch approach is a modified extra-pedicular approach for lumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. This trajectory is an easy-to-use target position because it enters the vertebral body directly. A shorter operative time and lower radiation exposure can enhance recovery after surgery.
Effect of new-style anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair combined with modified ischial spine fascia fixation on patients with pelvic organ prolapse and their postoperative quality of life
Authors: Wang Gensheng , Zhou Shengju , Wang Shuhua , Xu Dongdi , Wang Dan , Xu Hongling , Gao Chuanlong , Li Qing
Published: October 2022

Objective

This study aims to explore the effect of new-style anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair combined with modified ischial spine fascia fixation on patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and their postoperative quality of life.

Methods

A total of 88 patients with POP and elective surgery admitted to Anqing Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University from March 2018 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to their surgical methods, patients were divided into an observation group [44 cases, all underwent new-style anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair combined with modified ischial spine fascia fixation (new-style APVR-modified ISFF)] and a control group [44 cases, all underwent traditional anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair combined with sacrospinous ligament fixation (traditional APVR- SLF)]. The perioperative indicators were compared between the two groups. The pelvic floor function, pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) classification, and quality of life were observed before operation, 3 months after operation, and 6 months after operation. All patients were followed-up.

Results

Compared with the control group, the observation group had more advantages in intraoperative blood loss, operation time, urinary catheter indwelling time, postoperative anal exhaust time, and hospitalization time (P < 0.05). In terms of pelvic floor function, patients of both groups showed significant improvement at 3 months and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). In terms of quality of life, the two groups exhibited significant improvement at 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). PFIQ-7, PFDI-20, and UDI-6P of the observational group were lower than those of the control group, while PISQ-12 was higher than that of the control group but all with no significant difference (P > 0.005). In addition, the total complication rate of the observation group was 2.27% (1/44), which was significantly lower than 22.73% (10/44) of the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

New-style APVR-modified ISFF can effectively treat POP and improve the quality of life of such patients, with less postoperative complications and high safety.
A new inactivated Tritrichomonas foetus vaccine that improves genital clearance of the infection and calving intervals in cattle
Authors: Ortega-Mora Luis Miguel , Sánchez-Sánchez Roberto , Rojo-Montejo Silvia , Román-Trufero Alicia , Montenegro-Gregorio Dolores , Puentes-Colorado Eugenia , Parra-Romero Alberto , Regidor-Cerrillo Javier , Osoro Koldo , Collantes-Fernández Esther
Published: October 2022

Bovine trichomonosis is a sexually transmitted disease that is a primary cause of early reproductive failure in cattle. The aim of the present study was to develop a vaccine formulation based onTritrichomonas foetus trophozoites inactivated by lyophilization and Quil-A-adjuvanted. The safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of this new vaccine formulation (Trichobovis®) administered by two routes (subcutaneous: SC, and intravulvar: IVU) were compared with a commercial vaccine (TrichGuard®) in a well-established experimental bovine model of genitalT. foetusinfection. The new vaccine was considered safe in cattle because only mild local reactions were found in the vaccination area, which disappeared 3 weeks after administration. Cows immunized with Trichobovis cleared the infection faster than the non-immunized/challenged group (27–28 vs. 60 days;P< 0.05). Not significant differences were observed with the commercial vaccine respect to the positive control group, or between SC and IVU routes. The new vaccine stimulated high serum anti-T. foetusIgG and genital IgA levels and generated an IgG booster effect similar to TrichGuard. IgA levels were associated with significantly earlier genital clearance ofT. foetusin cows immunized with Trichobovis by SC route (G1A) or TrichGuard (G2). The strongest association was found in the group G1A on day 14 post-infection (p.i.) (r= −0.74) and in G2 on day 35 p.i. (r= −0.71). The efficacy of vaccination using Trichobovis on the reproductive performance was also investigated under field conditions in a herd whereT. foetuswas present. The calving intervals were significantly reduced by 45.2 days (P< 0.05), calves were born 28 days earlier (P< 0.05) and an increase of 8.7% in the calving rate (P> 0.05) was observed in the vaccinated group. These results demonstrate that Trichobovis improved the reproductive performance under field conditions in herds whereT. foetusinfection is present.
Selenium-chitosan alleviates the toxic effects of Zearalenone on antioxidant and immune function in mice
Authors: Qin Shunyi , She Fuze , Zhao Fanghong , Li Liuan , Chen Fu
Published: October 2022

This study assessed the protective effects of selenium-chitosan (SC) against antioxidant and immune function-related damage induced by zearalenone (ZEN) in mice. In total, 150 female mice were allotted to five groups for a 30-day study. Control mice were fed a basal diet. Mice in the ZEN, ZEN-Se1, ZEN-Se2 and ZEN-Se3 groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with same dose of ZEN (2 mg/kg) and different doses of SC, 0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mg/kg, respectively (calculated by selenium). After 30 days, the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in plasma and liver, as well as Con A-induced splenocyte proliferation, plasma interleukins concentrations and liver interleukin mRNA expression levels were determined. The plasma and liver GSH-Px activities, liver T-AOC levels, Con A-induced splenocyte proliferation, interleukin (IL) contents and mRNA expression levels in the ZEN group were significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), whereas plasma and liver MDA contents in the ZEN group were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Additionally, plasma and liver GSH-Px activities, liver T-AOC levels, Con A-induced splenocyte proliferation, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-2 and IL-6 contents and mRNA expression levels in ZEN+Se2 and ZEN+Se3 groups were significantly higher than in the ZEN group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), whereas plasma and liver MDA contents in the ZEN+Se2 and ZEN+Se3 groups were significantly lower than in the ZEN group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). The plasma and liver GSH-Px activities, Con A-induced splenocyte proliferation, IL-1β and IL-6 contents, IL-2 and IL-17A mRNA expression levels in the ZEN+Se1 group were also significantly higher than in the ZEN group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), whereas the plasma MDA content in the ZEN+Se1 group was also significantly lower than in the ZEN group (P < 0.01). Thus, SC may alleviate antioxidant function-related damage and immunosuppression induced by ZEN in mice.
Novel color M-mode echocardiography for non-invasive assessment of the intraventricular pressure in goats: Feasibility, repeatability, and the effect of sedation
Authors: Mandour Ahmed S. , Samir Haney , Yoshida Tomohiko , Matsuura Katsuhiro , Hamabe Lina , Shimada Kazumi , Abdelmageed Hend A. , Elbadawy Mohamed , Uemura Akiko , Takahashi Ken , Watanabe Gen , Tanaka Ryou
Published: October 2022

Background

The intraventricular pressure difference (IVPD) and intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPG), estimated from color M-mode echocardiography (CMME) of the transmitral flow, have been introduced as novel indices for the evaluation of heart functions. Until now, no study demonstrated the feasibility of the CMME approach to measure IVPD and IVPG in any farm animals. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and repeatability of CMME-derived IVPD and IVPG variables in goats and explore the effect of sedation on the measured variables.

Materials and methods

Sixteen male Shiba goats were included in this study and underwent conventional echocardiography. Eight goats were used in the repeatability of IVPD/IVPG variables. Another eight goats were used to evaluate the effect of sedation by xylazine on IVPD/IVPG measurements. CMME between the base and the apex of the left ventricle was carried out. The IVPD and IVPG were analyzed using in-house code software. The IVPD and IVPG were expressed as total, basal, mid-to-apical, mid, and apical segments. Data analysis including the imaging quality score (IQS), repeatability, variability, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), as well as the effect size of sedation on the measured variables was calculated.

Results

IVPD and IVPG variables from CMME were feasible in all goats. Low to moderate variability of IVPD and IVPG variables was observed (CV 95% <25%) except for the apical IVPD and apical IVPG. The IVPD/IVPG measurements were repeatable without a significant effect of animal or time on the obtained measurements. The overall ICC was higher than 0.75 in all variables except for the apical segment. Xylazine administration reduced the total, basal, and mid parts of IVPD and IVPG with a large effect size (biserial ranked correlation; rc > 0.8).

Conclusion

We reported, for the first time, IVPD and IVPG measurements by CMME in goats. The assessment of IVPD and IVPG by CMME is feasible in goats which can be evaluated in further cardiovascular or pharmacological studies in this species.
Quantitative ethnoveterinary study on plant resource utilization by indigenous communities in high-altitude regions
Authors: Haq Shiekh Marifatul , Yaqoob Umer , Majeed Muhammad , Amjad Muhammad Shoaib , Hassan Musheerul , Ahmad Riyaz , Waheed Muhammad , Bussmann Rainer Willi , Calixto Eduardo Soares , Proćków Jarosław , de la Lastra José M. Pérez , Morales-de la Nuez Antonio
Published: October 2022

For millennia, ethnic knowledge has been intricately tied to local biodiversity and woven into the fabric of rural communities. Growing scientific evidence suggests that merging ethnic knowledge with new scientific findings can lead to socially acceptable and environmentally friendly approaches essential for the long-term prosperity of local communities. In the high-altitude region, where livestock raising is a key income source, and plant-based utilization for ethno-veterinary practices is widely practiced. In this context, this study was conducted with the aim of documenting the ethno-veterinary use of plant resources in different bio-geographical regions of Jammu and Kashmir's Himalayas (J & KH). Semi-structured interviews and group discussions were used to collect information. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation were conducted to analyze the data. We documented 148 species from 53 families that locals used for various purposes: medicine, fodder, tonic, antidote, magic, and also used to protect themselves from ectoparasite such as Pediculus humanus capitis by the local inhabitants. There were significant differences in the relative usage of plant resources across the three biogeographic regions. Comparatively, the highest number (41%) of plant species were used for ethnoveterinary in the Jammu region, while the lowest number (28%) of species were used in Kashmir. Across the regions, Kashmir and Jammu had the highest level of species similarity (17%), while Jammu and Ladakh had the lowest (1%). A cross-regional assessment of plant resources revealed that 18% of plants were shared among the regions. The reported use of Amaranthus blitum, Morus alba, Ficus palmata, Vitex negundo, Juniperus semiglobosa, Ulmus wallichiana, and Rumex nepalensis are novel for the ethno-veterinary uses of this part of the Himalayan region. The various dry unique traditional fodder preparations (gaaslov, gass khor, pan baath, kaandbaath, Lovgooad, Karb, and Phungma) from plant resources are reported for the first time from the Himalayan region and can be ascribed to the novelty of this study. Plant resources were not only a source of fodder and medicine but also presented themselves as an opportunity for livelihood generation. Therefore, our findings bridge the knowledge gap by documenting key ethnoveterinary applications of native plant species from the study region that are used to cure livestock diseases and disorders by the mountain inhabitants.
Overexpression of Dehydrogenase/Reductase 9 Predicts Poor Response to Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy and Poor Prognosis in Rectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Chen Tzu-Ju , Hsu Bei-Hao , Lee Sung-Wei , Yang Ching-Chieh , Tian Yu-Feng , Kuo Yu-Hsuan , Li Wan-Shan , Tsai Hsin-Hwa , Wu Li-Ching , Yeh Cheng-Fa , Chou Chia-Lin , Lai Hong-Yue
Published: October 2022

Objective: To reduce the risk of locoregional recurrence, the addition of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is recommended before surgical management for rectal cancer patients. However, despite identical tumor histology, individual patient response to neoadjuvant CCRT varies greatly. Accordingly, a comprehensive molecular characterization that is used to predict CCRT efficacy is instantly needed.

Methods: Pearson’s chi-squared test was utilized to correlate dehydrogenase/reductase 9 (DHRS9) expression with clinicopathological features. Survival curves were created applying the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was conducted to compare prognostic utility between high and low DHRS9 expression groups. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was applied to identify independent prognostic biomarkers based on variables with prognostic utility at the univariate level.

Results: Utilizing a public transcriptome dataset, we identified that the DHRS9 gene is the most considerably upregulated gene related to epithelial cell differentiation (GO: 0030855) among rectal cancer patients with CCRT resistance. Employing immunohistochemical staining, we also demonstrated that high DHRS9 immunoexpression is considerably associated with an aggressive clinical course and CCRT resistance in our rectal cancer cohort. Among all variables with prognostic utility at the univariate level, only high DHRS9 immunoexpression was independently unfavorably prognostic of all three endpoints (all p ≤ 0.048) in the multivariate analysis. In addition, applying bioinformatic analysis, we also linked DHRS9 with unrevealed functions, such as keratan sulfate and mucin synthesis which may be implicated in CCRT resistance.

Conclusion: Altogether, DHRS9 expression may serve as a helpful predictive and prognostic biomarker and assist decision-making for rectal cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant CCRT.
Alcances y desafíos de la gestión institucional en el periodo 2020-2021
Authors: Romero Mateo Jennyfer Jackelin
Published: October 2022

El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de describir los retos e innovaciones que se han venido desarrollando dentro de la gestión institucional bajo las circunstancias de pandemia por COVID-19. Se realizó una revisión sistemática, es decir el análisis de artículos encontrado en los dos últimos años dentro de las bases de datos científicas como Scielo, Scopus, google académico, entre otros. En cuanto a los resultados revisados en los años 2020-2021 se encontró el sustento de la importancia hacia los objetivos, emociones y habilidades blandas de los estudiantes, generado por una buena organización y planificación en la dinámica enseñanza y aprendizaje. Para finalizar se pudo determinar que la gestión institucional tiene que seguir mejorando para cumplir con la visión y misión de las instituciones educativas, implicando una participación activa, identidad y colaboración de los padres de familia, docentes, directivos y estudiantes, en conjunto.
Liderazgo transformacional directivo y trabajo colaborativo docente en una institución educativa pública del Perú
Authors: Tantaléan González Orbelina Magali , Tasayco Jala Abel Alejandro , Delgado Osores Ruth Elena , Marujo Serna María del Pilar
Published: October 2022

La función del líder es esencial para lograr una educación de calidad, la cual debe responder a las exigencias actuales. Esto implica que cada directivo debe poseer desempeños profesionales que lo conduzcan a una buena gestión educativa. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio se enfoco en establecer la relación entre las variables liderazgo transformacional directivo y trabajo colaborativo docente en una institución educativa publica del distrito de Los Olivos, Lima. La población censal estuvo constituida por 104 docentes. Se utilizo el enfoque cuantitativo, básico, no experimental, descriptivo-correlacional. El método utilizado fue el hipotético deductivo. Se diseñaron y aplicaron dos cuestionarios de 30 ítems cada uno. Finalmente, los resultados mostraron un Rho de ,697, lo cual indica una correlación moderada y fuerte, por lo que se concluye que existe relación significativa entre el liderazgo transformacional directivo y el trabajo colaborativo docente en una institución educativa publica del Perú.
Preliminary Farming Trial of Tapes dorsatus (Lamarck) in Four Estuaries in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: PATERSON K.J. , NELL J.A.
Published: October 2022

A pilot farming trial conducted over 48 weeks in four estuaries along the coast of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, investigated the farming potential of the native clam Tapes dorsatus (Lamarck). Four experimental sites contained clams stocked at 750/m2 in intertidal ground plots characterized by sandy substrate and high salinity. Clams held at Brisbane Water achieved the greatest growth (shell length and live weight), attaining market size (~38 mm) in 48 weeks of grow-out. This was attributed to warm water, a slightly lower growing height and the occurrence of two growing seasons in this estuary. Clams at Wagonga Inlet recorded the second highest growth over the 48 weeks and the highest survival (74.3%). High numbers of predatory molluscs and crabs at Wallis Lake resulted in low survival at this site. Predators might have altered the feeding behavior of T. dorsatus, contributing to reduced growth. Clams cultured in Merimbula Lake also re­corded relatively slower growth, attributed to lower temperatures. The growth of T. dorsatus was comparable to related species of commercial importance cultured overseas.
Reproductive Development of Holothuria pulla and Holothuria coluber (Holothuroidea: Echinodermata) in Pamilacan Island, Central Philippines
Authors: BANLUTA-BATOY C.
Published: October 2022

The reproductive cycle of the Aspidochirote holothurians, Holothuria coluber and Holothuria pulla in Pamilacan [sland were studied from July 1990 to August 1991. These were deduced from gonad indices, gametogenic development of the gonads and spawning behavior of the animals. H. coluber and H. pulla manifested synchronous annual spawn• ing in December 1990 and October 1990. The size at first sexual maturity for coluber was 13 cm in total length for the females and 15 cm in total length for the males. For H. pulla, the size at first sexual maturity for the females was 16 cm in total length for the females and 18 cm in total length for the males.
Penerapan E-Learning Terhadap Tingkat Pemahaman Membaca Teks Berbahasa Inggris dengan Tema Teknologi Pada Mahasiswa STMIK Palangkaraya
Authors: Norhayati  , Putra Christia , Elmayantie Catharina
Published: October 2022

Penerapan e-learning telah menjadi hal yang lumrah pada masa sekarang ini. Ditambah lagi dalam keadaan pandemi seperti saat ini, dimana pembelajaran tatap muka dilakukan secara daring melalui berbagai platform aplikasi. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis melakukan evaluasi terhadap hasil dari penerapan e-learning bagi mahasiswa pada perguruan tinggi, terutama pada STMIK Palangkaraya. Variabel utama yang akan dievaluasi adalah pengaruh dari penerapan e-learning terhadap tingkat pemahaman teks berbahasa Inggris bagi mahasiswa STMIK Palangkaraya.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah desriptif kuantitatif. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa; 1) Kebiasaan membaca mahasiswa STMIK Palangkaraya cukup baik namun masih perlu ditingkatkan lagi; 2) Mahasiswa memiliki tingkat pemahaman yang baik saat mengerjakan tes reading comprehension secara konvensional; dan 3) Rendahnya skor saat mengerjakan tes menggunakan google assessment dikarenakan beberapa factor, diantaranya: tersedia pilihan jawaban dalam bentuk multiple choice, sehingga sebagian besar (60 %) mahasiswa hanya menebak dalam memberikan jawaban; tampilan google assessment untuk teks yang panjang kurang nyaman bagi mahasiswa saat membaca dan kendala teknis terkait jaringan yang kurang stabil saat mengerjakan assessment.
Understanding a Single-Li-Ion COF Conductor for Being Dendrite Free in a Li-Organic Battery
Authors: Sun Yongjiang , Zhao Genfu , Fu Yao , Yang Yongxin , Zhang Conghui , An Qi , Guo Hong
Published: October 2022

In addition to improving ion conductivity and the transference number, single-Li-ion conductors (SLCs) also enable the elimination of interfacial side reactions and concentration difference polarization. Therefore, the SLCs can achieve high performance in solid-state batteries with Li metal as anode and organic molecule as cathode. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are leading candidates for constructing SLCs because of the excellent 1D channels and accurate chemical-modification skeleton. Herein, various contents of lithium-sulfonated covalently anchored COFs (denoted as LiO
3
S-COF1 and LiO
3
S-COF2) are controllably synthesized as SLCs. Due to the directional ion channels, high Li contents, and single-ion frameworks, LiO
3
S-COF2 shows exceptional Li-ion conductivity of

5.47
×

10

−
5

 
S
·
c

m

−
1

, high transference number of 0.93, and low activation energy of 0.15 eV at room temperature. Such preeminent Li-ion-transported properties of LiO
3
S-COF2 permit stable Li
+
plating/stripping in a symmetric lithium metal battery, effectively impeding the Li dendrite growth in a liquid cell. Moreover, the designed quasi-solid-state cell (organic anthraquinone (AQ) as cathode, Li metal as anode, and LiO
3
S-COF2 as electrolyte) shows high-capacity retention and rate behavior. Consequently, LiO
3
S-COF2 implies a potential value restraining the dissolution of small organic molecules and Li dendrite growth.
Adaptable Phosphate Networks towards Robust, Reprocessable, Weldable, and Alertable-Yet-Extinguishable Epoxy Vitrimer
Authors: Lu Jia-Hui , Li Zhen , Chen Jia-Hui , Li Shu-Liang , He Jie-Hao , Gu Song , Liu Bo-Wen , Chen Li , Wang Yu-Zhong
Published: October 2022

Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) combine the uniqueness of thermoplastics and thermosets to allow for reprocessability while being covalently crosslinked. However, it is highly desirable but rarely achieved for CANs to simultaneously demonstrate reversibility and mechanical robustness. Herein, we report a feasible strategy to develop a novel epoxy vitrimer (EV) composed of adaptable phosphate networks (APNs), by which the EVs exhibit promising mechanical properties (tensile strength of 62.5 ~ 87.8 MPa and tensile modulus of 1360.1 ~ 2975.3 MPa) under ambient conditions. At elevated temperatures, the topology rearrangement occurs relied on phosphate transesterification, which contributes to the shape memory performance, self-healing, reprocessing, and welding behaviors. Moreover, the incorporation of APNs allows for improvements in anti-ignition and also the inhibition of both heat release and smoke generation to avoid empyrosis, asphyxiation, and toxication during burning, showing expected intrinsic fire safety. Thermal, mechanical properties, and flame retardancy of the reprocessed EVs after hot pressing are very close to those of the original EVs, which is attributed to the sufficient reversibility of APNs. Accordingly, combining the aforementioned features, EVs are manufactured as flame-triggered switches for fire alarms, which symbolizes the innovative development of high-performance covalent adaptable polymeric materials.
Deep UV Microscopy Identifies Prostatic Basal Cells: An Important Biomarker for Prostate Cancer Diagnostics
Authors: Soltani Soheil , Cheng Brian , Osunkoya Adeboye O. , Robles Francisco E.
Published: October 2022

Objective and Impact Statement
. Identifying benign mimics of prostatic adenocarcinoma remains a significant diagnostic challenge. In this work, we developed an approach based on label-free, high-resolution molecular imaging with multispectral deep ultraviolet (UV) microscopy which identifies important prostate tissue components, including basal cells. This work has significant implications towards improving the pathologic assessment and diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Introduction
. One of the most important indicators of prostate cancer is the absence of basal cells in glands and ducts. However, identifying basal cells using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stains, which is the standard of care, can be difficult in a subset of cases. In such situations, pathologists often resort to immunohistochemical (IHC) stains for a definitive diagnosis. However, IHC is expensive and time-consuming and requires more tissue sections which may not be available. In addition, IHC is subject to false-negative or false-positive stains which can potentially lead to an incorrect diagnosis.
Methods
. We leverage the rich molecular information of label-free multispectral deep UV microscopy to uniquely identify basal cells, luminal cells, and inflammatory cells. The method applies an unsupervised geometrical representation of principal component analysis to separate the various components of prostate tissue leading to multiple image representations of the molecular information.
Results
. Our results show that this method accurately and efficiently identifies benign and malignant glands with high fidelity, free of any staining procedures, based on the presence or absence of basal cells. We further use the molecular information to directly generate a high-resolution virtual IHC stain that clearly identifies basal cells, even in cases where IHC stains fail.
Conclusion
. Our simple, low-cost, and label-free deep UV method has the potential to improve and facilitate prostate cancer diagnosis by enabling robust identification of basal cells and other important prostate tissue components.
Sodium-Ion Storage Properties of Thermally Stable Anatase
Authors: Li Fujie , Wang Chao , Zhao Xiu Song
Published: October 2022

Anatase titanium dioxide (TiO
2
) is a potential anode material for sodium-ion batteries (NIBs). However, the low electronic conductivity and sluggish ion diffusion kinetics at high rate hamper its practical applications. Herein, we demonstrate a sol-gel approach to the synthesis of thermally stable anatase nanoparticles with a carbon shell as anode materials for NIBs. A sample calcined at 750 °C (designated as H-750TiO
2
@C) exhibits high-rate capability and excellent stability against cycling with no capacity loss after 2000 cycles at 1 A g
-1
.
In situ
X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy characterization results reveal a nearly zero-strain characteristic of the anatase phase during charge/discharge processes.
In situ
transmission electron microscopy,
ex situ
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope characterization results of samples collected at different charged and discharged states suggest that the anatase phase undergoes an irreversible sodiation-activation during the initial discharge process to form a sodiated-TiO
2
phase. A full cell assembled with H-750TiO
2
@C as the anode and Na
3
V
2
(PO
4
)
3
as the cathode delivers an energy density of 220 Wh kg
-1
, demonstrating H-750TiO
2
@C is a potential anode material for NIBs.
Hydrogeology, Groundwater Chemistry, and Water Budget of Juab Valley, Eastern Juab County, Utah
Authors: Hurlow Hugh A. , Inkenbrandt Paul C. , Schlossnagle Trevor H.
Published: October 2022

Juab Valley is a north-south-trending basin in the eastern Basin and Range Province. Juab Valley is bounded on the east by the Wasatch normal fault and the Wasatch Range and San Pitch Mountains, bounded on the west by Long Ridge and the West Hills. Juab Valley is at the southern end of Utah’s Wasatch Front, an area of projected rapid population growth and increased groundwater use. East-west-trending surface-water, groundwater, and water-rights boundaries approximately coincide along the valley’s geographic midline at Levan Ridge, an east-west trending watershed divide that separates the north and south parts of Juab Valley. The basin includes, from north to south, the towns of Mona, Nephi, and Levan, which support local agricultural and light-industrial businesses. Groundwater use is essential to Juab Valley’s economy. The Juab Valley study area consists of surficial unconsolidated basin-fill deposits at lower elevations and various bedrock units surrounding and underlying the basin-fill deposits. Quaternary-Tertiary basin-fill deposits form Juab Valley’s primary aquifer. Tertiary volcanic rocks underlie some of the basinfill deposits and form the central part of Long Ridge on the northwest side of the valley. Paleozoic carbonate rocks that crop out in the Mount Nebo area of the Wasatch Range, which receives the greatest average annual precipitation in the study area, likely accommodate infiltration of snowmelt and subsurface groundwater flow to the basin-fill aquifer. The Jurassic Arapien Formation also crops out in the Wasatch Range and San Pitch Mountains, and dissolution of gypsum and halite in the formation and sediments derived from it increases the sulfate, sodium, and total-dissolved-solids concentrations of surface water and groundwater. We grouped the stratigraphy of the Juab Valley study area into 19 hydrostratigraphic units based on known and interpreted hydraulic properties.
The Role of Business Incubators in Developing Local Digital Startups in Indonesia
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Rehan , Yusup Muhamad , Millah Shofiyul , Purnama Suryari
Published: October 2022

The development of the internet causes the flow of information to move quickly without knowing geographical boundaries. Likewise with the development of the digital industry, although the condition of the digital industry in Indonesia is still in its early phase, where infrastructure and ecosystem support is still very minimal, the optimism from digital industry players in Indonesia is very strong, both from the startup side and from investors. Problems arise when investors, both local and foreign, wish to invest in local digital startups in Indonesia, namely the unpreparedness of local startups to receive relatively large amounts of funding for business development. This raises doubts for investors whether startups can manage the funds raised and generate future profits for investors. Therefore, an initiative was born from investors and stakeholders in the digital technology industry to activate business incubators, with the aim of being able to prepare local startups to be able to develop more optimally. The results of this study reveal various tangible benefits received by local startups to increase their capacity.
Implications of Digital Marketing Strategy The Competitive Advantages of Small Businesses in Indonesia
Authors: Kano Katoyusyi , Choi Lee Kyung , Riza Bob subhan , Dinda octavyra Regina
Published: October 2022

In the current era of technology, it provides many impacts and innovations that can provide more effective solutions in various fields. With digital marketing as an alternative solution, digital marketing can now overcome problems such as lack of funds and limited promotions faced by medium to low-income businesses. The alternative solution is obtained with the current social media such as Twitter, Instagram, Website, and Facebook to create brand awareness, loyalty, sales, and engagement. So the purpose of this study is to find out the use of marketing strategies from several lower-middle businesses that have gone online and their implications for the competitive advantage of these lower-middle businesses. The method used in this study uses quantitative methods with causality analysis with a population of more than 21,000,000 consumers using a non-probability sampling technique using random sampling with a total sample of 2,100 respondents. So based on the research that has been done, it was found that in marketing products with a digital strategy, 78% of the results were obtained, with the remaining 22% being factors originating from other factors such as a supply of resources, capital, and managerial professionalism.
Digital Business Student Development for Entrepreneurs with Software
Authors: Septiani Nanda , Singh Bist Ankur , Sriliasta Bangun Cicilia , Dolan Ellen
Published: October 2022

Era revolution 4.0, universities throughout Indonesia are computer technology and the economy. This article provides sufficient detail about the course's pedagogical design and practical implementation to serve as a model for how entrepreneurship and business issues can be integrated into a software engineering program. Courses are evaluated using learning diaries and questionnaires, as well as principal lecturer learning in each of the three sample courses The aim of this course is to provide students with an introduction to lean startup methods for ideas/innovations and further product and company development. This course will teach students about the software industry, entrepreneurship, teamwork, and lean startup methodologies and This article provides sufficient detail about the course's pedagogical design and practical implementation to serve as a model for the Course to be evaluated using learning and questionnaires.
Front Cover and Preface Vol. 2 No. 2
Authors: Team Editorial
Published: October 2022

Front Cover and Preface Vol. 2 No. 2
Appendix and Back Cover Vol. 2 No. 2
Authors: Team Editorial
Published: October 2022

Appendix and Back Cover Vol. 2 No. 2
The High School Student: Depression and his Way of Communicating It
Authors: Espericueta-Medina Marta , Yañez-Flores Sara , Cepeda-Gonzalez María , Sanchez-Rivera Lilia
Published: October 2022

This research used as a variable axis depression, understood as a disease where there is an alteration of the sensory, the attentional and cognitive same subjects carrying the experience to communicate their feelings inappropriately toward others. An instrument was applied to a sample of 194 high school students. Among the results was found that research subjects with feelings of depression, have a negative style of communication as well as express their own assessments to solve problems of everyday life. The results also show that depression, described as a disease, causes fatigue and lack of understanding manifested by irritation and jealousy, sensory disturbances and suicidal thoughts, symptoms that are reported to the parent, the pet and strangers in a rude manner. Given the findings intends to evaluate in all respects to critical thinking in adolescents with depressive symptoms also suggested providing psychological support to adolescents who express a cold, serious and distant communication.
A practical experience for engineering students through professional residencies
Authors: Sanchez Maricela , Vidal Olga , Reyes Blanca
Published: October 2022

This research shows a study of implicit pedagogical nature in the construct "or Residences Professional Practice"; Curriculum includes elements of nature in order to understand and evaluate student and teacher opinions related to this issue. The purpose is to identify the skills, knowledge and benefits acquired by students of the Technological Institute of Saltillo (ITS), through their stay in local and national companies to develop a project of his discipline, contributing to his training as an engineer quantitative research is applied through an instrument that consists of a formulation of questions directed to students and residents and interviews with teachers, which is organized into five sections: the Professionals Residences, design and dynamics research, interpretation and integration of the results of the case study findings and analysis that will identify the skills, acquired knowledge, relationships and skills that enable them to achieve a good professional and service to the society in which they live performance as students and later as citizens production.