bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drivers of future population growth in six most populous countries: Effect of demographic components on the population growth using decomposition analysis
Authors: A A Jayachandran , Stover John
Published: September 2023

Background: Long-term population projections are useful exercises to help us study population dynamics and set up suitable policies and programmes. Release of the UN 2022 world population prospects data enables us to estimate the effects of demographic factors on future population growth.

Methods: Relative contributions of demographic factors influencing future population growth are routinely identified using decomposition technique and that has been used in this paper. Six most populous countries have been considered for the analysis and the recently released 2022 Revision of World Population Prospects data used.

Results: Results of decomposition analysis of population growth in six most populous countries and the total population suggest that population momentum continues to influence the population growth in the six most populous countries of the world in coming decades. However, influence of fertility on population growth has started to reverse in China, India, and Indonesia while it continues to be a significant factor in population growth in Nigeria and Pakistan. Gains in mortality steadily gather momentum in increase of population growth in all the six countries in coming decades. Migration marginally effects India’s population decrease whereas, it positively influences the USA’s population.

Conclusions: The decomposition of variation in population growth into the relative contributions from different demographic rates has multiple uses in demography and formulating population policies.  Such studies are important in assessing countries’ positions in demographic transition in taking appropriate policy decisions. This century is going to witness unprecedent demographic transitions at varying levels with some countries struggling to manage ultra-low fertility leading to decline in population scenario to countries with high fertility leading to doubling of population size.
Theological Implications of the New Perspective on Paul
Authors: Walczak Marcin
Published: September 2023

Teologiczne implikacje nurtu New Perspective on Paul
Ukazanie się pracy E.P. Sandersa Paul and Palestinian Judaism w 1977 roku rozpoczęło nową perspektywę w spojrzeniu na Pawła Apostoła. Ten współczesny nurt interpretacji myśli Pawła odegrał dużą rolę we współczesnym rozumieniu Nowego Testamentu, nawet jeśli faktem jest, że Nowa Perspektywa ma swoich gorliwych przeciwników i oponentów. Nowa Perspektywa różni się od starej tym, że próbuje patrzeć na Pawła nie przez pryzmat późniejszych dysput teologicznych, zwłaszcza tych związanych z początkami reformacji, ale w realnym kontekście ideowym życia i misji Apostoła. Tym samym badacze pokazują przede wszystkim żydowski charakter myśli Pawła, wskazując, że Apostoł nie opozycjonował się wobec judaizmu jako takiego, ale raczej reinterpretował go w kluczu wydarzenia Chrystusa. Jednocześnie Pawła uważa się za ojca teologii chrześcijańskiej. Jakie są implikacje teologiczne wypływające z nurtu zwanego New Perspective on Paul? Niniejszy artykuł próbuje odpowiedzieć na to pytanie w oparciu o tezy kluczowych przedstawicieli omawianego nurtu, takich jak E.P. Sanders, J.D.G. Dunn i N.T. Wright.
Artificial intelligence as a coming revolution in medicine
Authors: Ben Rhaiem Rami , Tarsa Grzegorz , Sudelska Katarzyna , Sawińska Zuzanna , Kępka Przemysław , Łokczewska-Bojar Aleksandra , Kuziemkowska Daria , Kuźma Jan , Skotalczyk Magdalena , Łącka-Majcher Anna
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The development of medicine and information technology in recent decades has undoubtedly contributed to improving public health. Artificial intelligence is a technology that has great potential to revolutionize the functioning of health care around the world. Appropriate use of the development of technology can revolutionize many areas of modern medicine, however, it should not be forgotten that this technology should be subjected to appropriate standardization and legal regulation.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to review the available scientific literature in order to systematize the current knowledge on the use of artificial intelligence in the process of diagnosis and treatment. Ethical aspects related to the implementation of AI for use in health care are also analyzed.

Results: Artificial intelligence uses deep machine learning algorithms. It is a technology that has been known for a long time, but recently the chances of its widespread use have increased significantly, although scientists still do not fully understand the operation of AI algorithms. Currently, there are attempts to use this technology in many medical fields such as cardiology, diagnostic imaging, gastroenterology, pathomorphology, ultrasound. Artificial intelligence can also be used to improve the functioning of patient service in health care.

Summary: The development of artificial intelligence algorithms creates a huge opportunity to improve the quality of diagnostic and treatment processes. The current rapid development of the technology is revolutionizing many branches of medicine, improving treatment outcomes. However, the development of this technology requires the creation of an appropriate law governing AI in medicine.
Strengthening the Growth of Probiotic Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus TISTR 047 and Texture of Pressurized Corn-Milk Yoghurt using Whey Protein Concentrate and
Xanthan Gum
Authors: Sangkam Jintanaporn , Chaikham Pittaya , Baipong Sasitorn , Wongsewasakun Pathai , Apichartsrangkoon Arunee
Published: September 2023

The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of whey protein concentrate (WPC; 3.5%, 7%, and 14%, w/v) and xanthan gum (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%, w/v) supplementation on the promoting of probiotic growth and the improving of texture characteristics of corn-milk yoghurt treated with ultra-high pressure (HPP). The corn-milk with WPC were HPP treated at 500 MPa for 10 min at room temperature, then inoculated with 5% (w/v) of yoghurt starter culture (a mixed culture of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus) and 5% (w/v) of probiotic Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus TISTR 047 cells, and then incubated at 43 °C for 48 h. Each treatment was taken for microbiological and physicochemical qualities at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24 and 48 h. A control corn-milk yoghurt was prepared as described, but without addition of WPC. Increasing amount of WPC led to the increase in viscosity, total titratable acidity and the viable number of L. casei subsp. rhamnosus TISTR 047. The optimum incubation time for corn-milk yoghurt production was 6 h. Addition of 7% WPC to corn-milk was selected to incorporate with different levels of xanthan gum. The results indicated that, after fermentation, the optimum level of xanthan gum addition should be 0.1%, since this level could improve syneresis and water holding capacity as well as appropriate viscosity. Results obtained suggest that a novel yoghurt produced from HPP corn-milk added with WPC (7%) and xanthan gum (0.1%) could be considered as one of the potential probiotic foods which could deliver benefits to consumers.
Nutritional and Antinutritional Characteristics of Two Biofortified Bean Varieties Grown in Kenya
Authors: W. Ritho Alice , N. Sila Daniel , Ndungu Zipporah W.
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The introduction of biofortified bean varieties has brought attention to their potential as a source of high iron and zinc content. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the nutritional composition and antinutrient content of two biofortified bean varieties in Kenya, namely Angaza and Nyota. Methodology: The Proximate composition and mineral content were analyzed using standard AOAC procedures. HPLC analysis was used to determine the Phytic acid content, and the vanillin-HCL method to analyze tannins. Results:The two bean varieties had no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in carbohydrate content, with Nyota beans at 63.21% and Angaza beans at 61.67%. However, Nyota beans exhibited significantly higher protein content (19.97%) compared to Angaza beans (18.88%) with (P < 0.05). While Nyota beans had lower crude fiber (3.65%) compared to Angaza beans (4.78%), the variety showed significantly higher crude fat content (3.23%) than Angaza (1.55%). Both varieties had similar levels of crude ash, i.e., Nyota 3.29%, and Angaza 3.35%. Nyota beans demonstrated higher Iron and Zinc levels, i.e., 5.36 mg/100g and 2.77mg/100g respectively, compared to Angaza beans, 5.07 mg/100g Iron and 2.30 mg/100g Zinc. Nyota beans showed significantly lower levels of phytic acid, i.e., 2.53 mg/g and tannins 2.32 mg/g. Conclusions: The study found no significant statistical difference in the nutritional characteristics of the two varieties. However, the Nyota had higher protein, fat and mineral content, and lower levels of phytates and tannins. Thus, this study concludes that Nyota could have potential nutritional advantages over the Angaza variety.
Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Banana Starch and Its Alternative Returns
Authors: Miah Md. Abdus Satter , Islam Shariful , Abedin Nusrat , Islam Md. Nazmul , Islam Md. Faridul , Tisa Khurshida Jahan , Saha Anik Kumar , Aziz Shahin
Published: September 2023

The current study’s goal is to isolate the starch from different varieties of banana i.e. Local Banana (LB) and BARI Banana2 (BB2)and characterize them in order to explore their physical and chemical compositions, amylose content, resistant starch content, functional properties, granule morphology and crystalline pattern. Different techniques were used for characterization viz. X-ray diffractometery (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Spectroscopy (SEM) etc. The starch extracted from banana showed significant difference in the amylose content and the value was found 28.26%and 25.93%respectively for local banana starch (LBS) and bari banana 2 starch (BB2S). This study also revealed that selected banana varieties can be a potential source for the production of resistant starch. The resistant starch (RS) content of the banana was found 46.93% and 45.78% respectively for LBS and BB2S. Using de-branching and autoclaving technique in the starch, there was a significant increase in RS content. Paste clarity was decreased gradually with time for all the starch samples. Water absorption capacity (WAC) and oil absorption capacity (OAC) of LBS and BB2Swere found in the ranged of 165.8-170.7% and 132.6-168.1% respectively. XRD showed both LB and BB2 starches had B-type crystal pattern. The d-spacing of banana starches were ranged from 3.86-5.88Á. SEM data revealed that banana starches possessed the regular elongated round ridges with smooth surface in the range of 4.3-12.4 µm. The information obtained from this research indicates that both banana starches can be used in different areas; especially in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries as an edible coating, thickening agent, fat replacer, etc. Also, banana starch containing functional food can be recommended for diabetic patients.
Students’ Learning Independence and Critical Thinking Ability Using Mobile Learning Technology
Authors: Maimun Maimun , Bahtiar Bahtiar
Published: September 2023

21st-century learning requires teachers and students to integrate literacy skills, scientific literacy, mathematics, reading, writing, and technology in the learning process. Students must have initiative, discipline, responsibility, confidence, motivation for independent learning, and the ability to think critically about the problems presented. This study aims to determine students' autonomous knowledge and critical thinking abilities (CTA) using mobile learning technology (MLT). This research is a quantitative study involving 83 students from four junior high schools in the city of Mataram. The data collection for independent learning and students' CTA was carried out by giving tests and non-tests to students. The test conducted was a written test in the form of a description of 10 questions covering indicators of CTA. The non-test was conducted by giving a student learning independence questionnaire with as many as 15 statements, including five indicators of learning independence. This quantitative research data analysis uses the Rash modeling application with the help of Ministep software. The analysis results show that the learning independence of male and female students in the four junior high schools obtained a percentage of 77.38% in the “good” category. Each indicator of learning independence accepts a percentage above 70%, which is in the excellent category. Meanwhile, the CTA of male and female students from the four junior high schools obtained 75.28% in the “good” category. Each indicator of CTA also gets a percentage of more than 70%, meaning that each indicator is in a good category.
Hidden Leaders: access to leadership roles for disabled people in the voluntary sector
Authors: Munro Ellie , Todd Zara
Published: September 2023

This paper discusses the findings of a research project on disability and leadership in the voluntary sector. It describes findings from interviews with disabled leaders in voluntary organisations, identifying key themes around stigma and disclosure; inclusion in the workplace; learning from disabled leaders; and capacity and confidence.
A New Class Consciousness
Authors: Elrod Andrew
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The Biden era has, in some respects, been a boon for unions. They have a friendly voice in the White House. Yet if you ask anyone in organized labor today whether they believe the United States is moving beyond neoliberalism, they will accuse you of idealism.
Money Power
Authors: Luo Nina
Published: September 2023

Abstract: If we want to move toward a world that meets everyone’s needs, we will need to get serious about the role of money on the left.
Using a difference-in-difference control trial to test an intervention aimed at increasing the take-up of a welfare payment in New Zealand
Authors: Rea David , Hyslop Dean R.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This paper describes a difference-in-difference control trial (DDCT) of an intervention designed to increase the take-up of an income support payment in the New Zealand welfare system. The intervention used a microsimulation model to identify potential claimants who were then contacted by either phone, email, or letter. The trial was designed as a DDCT because of ethical concerns associated with a fully randomized approach. The trial provided convincing evidence that the intervention would increase the take-up of the payment and a modified version was then implemented as an ongoing business process by the New Zealand Ministry of Social Development (MSD). The findings from the trial contribute to the literature about how best to increase the take-up of welfare payments. The study also demonstrates the value of using a difference-in-difference control trial.
Polarized structured illumination microscopy using polarization gratings for optical sectioning
Authors: Cho Min Seo , Park Jong-Kyu , Joo Ki-Nam
Published: September 2023

In this investigation, we describe polarized structured illumination microscopy based on polarization gratings to generate a stable polarized illumination pattern in an extensive area. The visibility of the illumination pattern is immediately calculated by using a polarizing pixelated camera, and the 3D surface profile of the specimen can be successfully reconstructed. Moreover, a polarization grating pair was used to reasonably eliminate the unexpected pattern caused by the polarization grating itself. To experimentally characterize the system performance, a step height standard specimen was measured. Moreover, the axial response for the visibility of the illumination pattern was discussed with the consideration of the spectral bandwidth of the source and the spatial coherence of incident light.
Multiscale label-free imaging of myelin in human brain tissue with polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography and birefringence microscopy
Authors: Blanke Nathan , Chang Shuaibin , Novoseltseva Anna , Wang Hui , Boas David A. , Bigio Irving J.
Published: September 2023

The combination of polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) and birefringence microscopy (BRM) enables multiscale assessment of myelinated axons in postmortem brain tissue, and these tools are promising for the study of brain connectivity and organization. We demonstrate label-free imaging of myelin structure across the mesoscopic and microscopic spatial scales by performing serial-sectioning PS-OCT of a block of human brain tissue and periodically sampling thin sections for high-resolution imaging with BRM. In co-registered birefringence parameter maps, we observe good correspondence and demonstrate that BRM enables detailed validation of myelin (hence, axonal) organization, thus complementing the volumetric information content of PS-OCT.
Steady-state entanglement in a hybrid optomechanical system enhanced by optical parametric amplifiers
Authors: Kibret Abraham Abebe , Derge Tewodros Yirgashewa , Tesfahannes Tesfay Gebremariam
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we investigate the degree of steady-state entanglement using a hybrid optomechanical system, where the separate cavities contain a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (DOPA). Particularly, under the linearization approximation, the steady-state entanglement is quantified through logarithmic negativity. The bipartite entanglement between cavity-mechanical oscillator modes and two cavity modes is analyzed through the applicable choice of nonlinear gain of OPA, optical cavity detuning, and cavity-cavity coupling strength. It is found that the steady-state entanglement increases with the nonlinear gain of OPA medium and normalized detuning. We further emphasize the influence of cavity-cavity coupling parameter on the bipartite entanglement, and the generation of entanglement can be transferred entirely due to the coupling strengths. The main contribution of coupling parameters on the entanglement of the two modes of mechanical oscillators significantly altered and increased. The observed possibility of transferring the emerging entanglement of the states of light in the two cavities to the modes of the accompanying mechanical oscillators is expected to be a valuable asset in the practical realization of quantum information processing.
A qualitative exploration of tuberculosis patients who were lost to follow-up in Malaysia
Authors: Tok Peter Seah Keng , Wong Li Ping , Liew Su May , Razali Asmah , Mahmood Mohd Ihsani , Chinnayah Thilaka , Kawatsu Lisa , Toha Haidar Rizal , Mohd Yusof Khalijah , Abd Rahman Rozanah , Che Mat Din Shaharom Nor Azian , Loganathan Tharani
Published: September 2023

Background

Loss to follow-up (LTFU) is an unsuccessful treatment outcome for tuberculosis (TB) patients. In Malaysia, LTFU affects around 1 in 20 TB patients. Integration of qualitative research methods and evidence will provide a better understanding of LTFU and its underlying issues. In this study, we qualitatively explored TB patients’ experiences in receiving treatment and their reasons for leaving TB care.

Method

In-depth interviews of 15 patients with a history of LTFU were conducted from January to September 2020. Interview guides were developed to explore TB patients’ experiences while receiving treatment, including challenges faced and reasons for treatment interruption. Data were thematically analysed using the framework method.

Results

We identified 11 emerging themes that occurred at four levels of interaction with TB patients. First, at the patient personal level, TB beliefs referring to patients’ perception of illness and wellness, patients’ perceived role of traditional and complementary medicine, and substance abuse were important. Second, the healthcare system and treatment factors that were highlighted included the organisation of care and treatment, interaction with healthcare professionals, particularly in communication and counselling, and TB medications’ side effects. Third, structural factors including financial burden, logistical and transportation issues and work-related factors were identified to be barriers to treatment continuation. Fourth, the interpersonal level interaction of patients should not be neglected; this includes family relationships and support as well as peer influence.

Conclusion

Study findings put forth issues and challenges faced by TB patients while receiving treatment and underscore areas where actions can be taken. This will contribute to informing the development and implementation of future TB control strategies that are responsive to TB patients’ needs and concerns, to effectively address LTFU and ensure better treatment completion rates among TB patients in Malaysia.
An experimental approach to training mood for resilience
Authors: Mantas Vasileios , Kotoula Vasileia , Zheng Charles , Nielson Dylan M. , Stringaris Argyris
Published: September 2023

According to influential theories about mood, exposure to environments characterized by specific patterns of punishments and rewards could shape mood response to future stimuli. This raises the intriguing possibility that mood could be trained by exposure to controlled environments. The aim of the present study is to investigate experimental settings that increase resilience of mood to negative stimuli. For this study, a new task was developed where participants register their mood when rewards are added or subtracted from their score. The study was conducted online, using Amazon MTurk, and a total of N = 1287 participants were recruited for all three sets of experiments. In an exploratory experiment, sixteen different experimental task environments which are characterized by different mood-reward relationships, were tested. We identified six task environments that produce the greatest improvements in mood resilience to negative stimuli, as measured by decreased sensitivity to loss. In a next step, we isolated the two most effective task environments, from the previous set of experiments, and we replicated our results and tested mood’s resilience to negative stimuli over time, in a novel sample. We found that the effects of the task environments on mood are detectable and remain significant after multiple task rounds (approximately two minutes) for an environment where good mood yielded maximum reward. These findings are a first step in our effort to better understand the mechanisms behind mood training and its potential clinical utility.
Gimnazisták pályaválasztási bizonytalansága
Authors: Pálvölgyi Lajos
Published: September 2023

A tanulmányban bemutatott empirikus vizsgálat arra keres választ, hogy milyen bizonytalanságok és nehézségek jellemzik a tanulók iránykeresését és döntéshozatalát a továbbtanulás és a pályaválasztás kérdésében, és ezek miként függnek össze a diákok egyes jellemzőivel a 10. és 11. osztályos magyar gimnazisták vizsgált szegmensében. Az adatfelvétel nemzetközi használatban elterjedt, magyar középiskolás mintán érvényesített két kérdéssor, továbbá egy saját fejlesztésű pályaorientációs kérdőív segítségével online történt 2022 februárjában (N=285). Alkalmazott eszközök: CDDQ Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire (Gati & Osipow 2010; adaptálás: Olteanu 2022); valamint CFI Career Factors Inventory (Chartrand et al. 1990; adaptálás: Lukács 2012; alkalmazás: Török 2016; Tudlik, 2021; Olteanu 2022). Az eredmények közül kiemelhető, hogy a legtöbb gimnazista (62%) felsőfokú tanulmányokat fontolgat. Jelentős hányaduknak (18%) még nincs elképzelése az érettségi utáni időszakról. Korábbi vizsgálatokkal összhangban szignifikáns kapcsolat mutatkozott a motiválatlanság, a döntési határozatlanság, a pályaválasztási szorongás valamint a pályaválasztási nehézségek között. A gyengébb tanulók kevésbé motiváltak, bizonytalanabbak és több pályaválasztási nehézséggel küzdenek. A nők tanulmányi eredménye jobb, számukra fontosabb a tanulás, nagyobb arányban preferálják a felsőfokú továbbtanulást, többféle pályaorientációs aktivitást folytatnak, motiváltabbak, de bizonytalanabbak és magasabb a szorongási szintjük. A sok tekintetben heterogén eredmények, az önismeret és a pályaismeret hiányosságai, a korai zárás veszélye és a nagyszámban fellépő különféle pályaválasztási nehézségek kezelése differenciált pedagógiai munkát tesznek szükségessé. Az életpálya-építési kompetencia (Jackson 2013) alacsony szintje általánosan jellemző. Elgondolkodtató, hogy a két vizsgált évfolyam között a pályaorientációs változók vonatkozásában nem mutatkoznak említésre méltó különbségek. Az eredmények arra utalnak, hogy több önismeretet és pályaorientációt támogató tevékenység lenne indokolt az iskolában és azon kívül is, erősítve a pályaorientáció folyamatjellegét. A felhasznált kérdőívek eszközként alkalmazhatók az iskolai munkában. Segítségükkel pontosabb információk nyerhetők az egyes tanulók pályaválasztási jellemzőiről, mely ismeretek felhasználhatók a diákok differenciált támogatásában.
Thinking Trans/Sex: Erotic Justice and the Trans-Subject
Authors: Huff Billy
Published: September 2023

My gender identity is trans-fag bottom boy. I characterize my trans-masculinity as a technologically enabled creation that gives embodied form to the fantasies that structure my desire. I cannot think my gender without recourse to my sexuality. In fact, I conceive of my transness as wholly motivated by the sexual. According to hegemonic trends in Transgender Studies and many political and community discourses, however, I am mistaken at best, and at worst, I am an impossibility. Gender and sexuality are commonly maintained as separate phenomena that emerge from distinct ontological and epistemological foundations. In this article, I trace the historical emergence of the contemporary conceptual frame that holds that gender and sexuality are separate aspects of being. I then argue that the separation of gender and sexuality is not a necessary or sufficient condition for transness. Finally, I discuss the consequences of not considering even the possibility that some trans- people cannot separate their felt sense of gender and sexuality. I conclude by offering thoughts about what might constitute erotic justice for trans- subjects.
Pemilihan Makanan dan Minuman Yang Tidak Memiliki Sertifikat Halal: Kajian Maqashid Asy-Syari’ah
Authors: Widiawati Widiawati , Andini Zahra , Khabibah Khilwa , Shabah Musyaffa Amin Ash
Published: September 2023

Allah SWT has established permissible and prohibited matters in Islam, including the consumption of food and beverages. Muslim consumers must carefully select and choose the products they consume based on the Halal (permissible) and Haram (prohibited) guidelines outlined in the Quran and Hadith. Thus, it is crucial to comprehend the Islamic legal perspective on consumer choices regarding food and beverages without Halal certification. This study employs the library research method, utilizing secondary legal sources such as books, journals, scholarly works, and others to gather relevant data. The research involves reading, examining, and analyzing pertinent literature to provide a deeper understanding of the Islamic legal foundations concerning the consumption of food and beverages lacking Halal certification. Additionally, it depicts the differences of opinions among scholars and their implications for Muslim consumers. The research also offers insights into the role of Halal certification institutions and alternative solutions to assist consumers in selecting Halal food and beverages. The primary sources of Islamic law are the Quran and the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad, with the utilization of ijtihad  by scholars to address matters indirectly regulated by these sources. [Dalam Islam, Allah SWT telah menetapkan hal-hal yang dilarang dan diperbolehkan, termasuk dalam mengkonsumsi makanan dan minuman. Konsumen muslim perlu memilih dengan bijak produk yang akan mereka konsumsi, mengingat adanya aturan tentang halal dan haram yang telah tercantum dalam Al-Quran dan Hadis. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman terhadap perspektif hukum Islam terhadap pilihan konsumen dalam memilih makanan dan minuman yang tidak memiliki sertifikat halal sangat penting. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research dengan menggunakan sumber sekunder seperti buku, jurnal, dan karya ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis membaca, menelaah, dan menganalisis bahan pustaka yang relevan terhadap masalah yang diteliti. Tujuannya adalah memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang landasan hukum Islam terkait konsumsi makanan dan minuman tanpa sertifikat halal, serta menggambarkan perbedaan pendapat di antara ulama dan implikasinya bagi konsumen muslim. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga memberikan wawasan tentang peran lembaga sertifikasi halal dan alternatif solusi dalam membantu konsumen dalam memilih makanan dan minuman yang halal. Sumber utama hukum Islam adalah Al-Qur’an dan Sunnah Nabi Muhammad, dengan pengggunaan ijitihad (penafsiran) oleh ulama untuk memecahkan masalah yang secara tidak langsung diatur oleh sumber-sumber tersebut. Konsep halal dan haram memiliki signifikasi penting dalam Islam.]
PEMIKIRAN FILSAFAT IBNU SINA DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PENDIDIKAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Aman Abu , Mulisi Ali Sibro
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aims to examine the correlation of education according to Ibn Sina's thought and education according to the Qur'an. This research is a literacy study, tracing references or sources in the form of articles and journals to obtain data and references related to Ibn Sina's thought. This research model is historical factual. The method used is interpretation, this method tries to describe the contents of the book and other sources accurately. The second method is induction and deduction, by analyzing all parts one by one from the references found in relation to the others or called induction. Data collection and analysis techniques were carried out with reference to the method used. After doing the analysis, then comparisons are made in terms of similarities from various sources so as to produce conclusions about Ibn Sina's educational thinking which is directed at developing all the potential that a person has towards perfect development and efforts to prepare a person to be able to live in society together by doing work or the expertise he chooses according to his talent, readiness, inclination and potential as well as comparisons of education according to the Qur'an which include al-Tarbiyah, al-Ta'lim, al-Tazkiyah, al-Tadris, al-Tafaquh, al -Ta'aqul, al-Tadabbur, al-Tadzkirah, al-Tafakkur, al-Mau'idzah.
Keyword: education; ibnu sini; Al-qur’an
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji korelasi pendidikan menurut pemikiran ibnu sina dan pendidikan menurut Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi literasi, menelusuri referensi atau sumber-sumber baik berupa artikel maupun jurnal untuk memperoleh data dan referensi yang berkaitan pemikiran ibnu sina. Model penelitian ini bersifat historis faktual. Metode yang digunakan ialah interpretasi, metode ini berusaha menguraikan isi buku dan sumber-sumber lainnya secara tepat. Metode kedua adalah induksi dan deduksi, dengan menganalisis seluruh bagian satu per satu dari referensi-referensi yang ditemukan dalam hubungannya dengan yang lain atau disebut induksi. Teknik pengumpulan dan analisis data dilakukan dengan mengacuh kepada metode yang digunakan. Setelah melakukan analisis, kemudian dilakukan perbandingan dalam hal persamaan dari berbagai sumber sehingga menghasilkan kesimpulan tentang pemikiran pendidikan ibnu sina yang bersifat arahan pada pengembangan seluruh potensi yang dimiliki seseorang ke arah perkembangannya yang sempurna dan upaya mempersiapkan seseorang agar dapat hidup di masyarakat secara bersama dengan melakukan pekerjaan atau keahlian yang dipilihnya sesuai dengan bakat, kesiapan, kecenderugan dan potensi yang dimilikinya serta perbandingan mendidikan menurut Al-Qur’an yang diantaranya adalah al-Tarbiyah, al-Ta’lim, al-Tazkiyah, al-Tadris, al-Tafaquh, al-Ta’aqul, al-Tadabbur, al-Tadzkirah, al- Tafakkur, al-Mau’idzah.
Kata kunci: pendidikan; ibnu sini; Al-qur’an
Entretien avec Véronique Girod-Roux ex-présidente du Club des communicants de l'Isère et professionnelle expérimentée en communication marketing
Authors: Lambotte François , Séguier Marina
Published: September 2023

Dans un contexte social post #MeToo et de mouvement de libération de la parole des femmes sur les agressions qu’elles subissent dans l’espace public et professionnel, l’actualité médiatique met régulièrement en avant des initiatives pour dénoncer les discriminations et aller vers plus d’égalité. Pourtant en France, à l’échelle d’une association de communication locale, les enjeux liés au genre demeurent tabous et sont difficilement mis à l’agenda des priorités. Ce constat est dressé par une communicante expérimentée qui a animé pendant dix ans une association professionnelle de la communication lors d’un entretien accordé le 14 avril 2021 à Valérie Lépine, enseignante-chercheuse en SIC, pour la revue Communication & professionnalisation
English-medium instruction and impact on academic performance: a randomized control study
Authors: Bälter Olle , Kann Viggo , Mutimukwe Chantal , Malmström Hans
Published: September 2023

Stakeholders and researchers in higher education have long debated the consequences of English-medium instruction (EMI); a key assumption of EMI is that student’s academic learning through English should be at least as good as learning through their first language (usually the national language). This study addressed the following question: “What is the impact from English-medium instruction on students’ academic performance in an online learning environment?” “Academic performance” was measured in two ways: number of correctly answered test questions and through-put/drop-out rate. The study adopted an experimental design involving a large group (n = 2,263) randomized control study in a programming course. Student participants were randomly allocated to an English-medium version of the course (the intervention group) or a Swedish-medium version of the course (the control group). The findings were that students enrolled on the English-medium version of the course answered statistically significantly fewer test questions correctly; the EMI students also dropped out from the course to a statistically significantly higher degree compared to students enrolled on the Swedish version of the course. The conclusion of this study is thus that EMI may, under certain circumstances, have negative consequences for students’ academic performance.
Fabrication of soybean oil-based polyol modified polyurethane foam from ammonium polyphosphate and its thermal stability and flame retardant properties
Authors: Zhang Xu , Wang Zhaoqian , Sun Simiao , Yuan Dehe , Wen Yueqi , Su Zhanpeng , Wang Zhi , Xie Hua
Published: September 2023

Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were prepared using biomass soybean oil-based polyol and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as raw materials. The effects of APP on the thermal stability and combustion performance of soybean oil-based polyol-modified RPUFs were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, pyrolysis kinetic analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, cone calorimetry (CONE), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and smoke density (Ds). The results showed that the modified RPUF with 20 wt% APP (RPUF-S3-20) had the lowest mass loss, the highest integrated programmed decomposition temperature and the highest activation energy. In addition, RPUF-S3-20 had the lowest Ds (30.9), the highest light transmittance (61.4 %), the lowest heat release rate (602.7 kW/m2, 506.8 MJ/m2, and 847.3 kW/m2) and the total heat release (18.3 MJ/m2, 21.4 MJ/m2, and 31.4 MJ/m2), which showed that RPUF-S3-20 had good thermal stability and flame retardant performance. The current results can provide an effective reference for the preparation of environmentally friendly RPUF by bio-based modification.
Comparative study for performance efficiency of conventional optical transmitter with spatial optical transmitter through CWDM fiber system
Authors: Odugu Venkata krishna , Kulkarni Anita , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Hossain Md. Amzad , Prabu Ramachandran Thandaiah , Jagan B. Omkar Lakshmi , Hemadan Ayman Zain
Published: September 2023

This paper presents the comparative study for performance efficiency of conventional optical transmitter with spatial optical transmitter through coarse wavelength division multiplexed fiber system. The spatial light source mode polar and rectangular configuration are clarified in x directions. The lighted power signal through CWDM fiber system is simulated and measured with the use of conventional and spatial light transmitters. The lighted base band signal through CWDM fiber system is clarified with the use of conventional and spatial light transmitters. The lighted base band signal with spectral wavelength through CWDM fiber system is simulated with the use of conventional and spatial light transmitters. The Q base band signal quality factor and bit error signal rates are studied in the same configuration after receiver photodiode system with the use of conventional and spatial light transmitters.
Zur Erschwinglichkeit von Wohnungsmieten und den sozialpolitischen Folgen
Authors: Raffelhüschen Bernd , Will Sebastian
Published: September 2023

Anders als den steigenden Neuvertragsmieten in vielen deutschen Großstädten wird den nur langsam steigenden Bestandsmieten wenig Raum in der öffentlichen Debatte um bezahlbaren Wohnraum eingeräumt. In diesem Beitrag zeigen Bernd Raffelhüschen und Sebastian Will auf Basis der Einkommens- und Verbrauchsstichprobe, dass die Einkommen in den zurückliegenden Jahren stärker gestiegen sind als die Bestandsmieten. In ganz Deutschland ist die Erschwinglichkeit des Wohnens zur Miete in den vergangenen zehn Jahren konstant geblieben. Die Autoren beleuchten die Verteilungsaspekte der Mietkostenbelastung durch Differenzierung nach Einkommen, Alter, Erwerbsstatus und Haushaltsstruktur. Aus der Heterogenität der subjektiven und objektiven Belastung können gesellschaftliche Spannungen entstehen.
Automated diagnosis of autism with artificial intelligence: State of the art
Authors: Valizadeh Amir , Moassefi Mana , Nakhostin-Ansari Amin , Heidari Some’eh Soheil , Hosseini-Asl Hossein , Saghab Torbati Mehrnush , Aghajani Reyhaneh , Maleki Ghorbani Zahra , Menbari-Oskouie Iman , Aghajani Faezeh , Mirzamohamadi Alireza , Ghafouri Mohammad , Faghani Shahriar , Memari Amir Hossein
Published: September 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) represents a panel of conditions that begin during the developmental period and result in impairments of personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning. Early diagnosis is directly related to a better prognosis. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of ASD requires a long and exhausting subjective process. We aimed to review the state of the art for automated autism diagnosis and recognition in this research. In February 2022, we searched multiple databases and sources of gray literature for eligible studies. We used an adapted version of the QUADAS-2 tool to assess the risk of bias in the studies. A brief report of the methods and results of each study is presented. Data were synthesized for each modality separately using the Split Component Synthesis (SCS) method. We assessed heterogeneity using the I
2 statistics and evaluated publication bias using trim and fill tests combined with ln DOR. Confidence in cumulative evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach for diagnostic studies. We included 344 studies from 186,020 participants (51,129 are estimated to be unique) for nine different modalities in this review, from which 232 reported sufficient data for meta-analysis. The area under the curve was in the range of 0.71–0.90 for all the modalities. The studies on EEG data provided the best accuracy, with the area under the curve ranging between 0.85 and 0.93. We found that the literature is rife with bias and methodological/reporting flaws. Recommendations are provided for future research to provide better studies and fill in the current knowledge gaps.
The effects of a single dialysis session on serum hepcidin levels
Authors: Oğuzman Hamdi , Kın Tekçe Buket , Tekçe Hikmet , Buğdaycı Güler
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Hepcidin plays an important role in regulating iron metabolism. Elevated levels of hepcidin in renal failure contribute to the development of anemia. We aimed to evaluate the association between hepcidin and inflammation in hemodialysis patients and how dialysis affects hepcidin levels.

Methods

Hepcidin clearance with hemodialysis was investigated by measuring hepcidin concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method before and after hemodialysis of 40 patients in a single dialysis session. Hemogram parameters and ferritin, iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured and evaluated their relations with predialysis hepcidin levels.

Results

Hepcidin levels decreased significantly with dialysis treatment (p=0.009). Median hepcidin concentration before dialysis was measured as 330 ng/mL (83–459) and post-dialysis median hepcidin concentration was 250 ng/mL (94–384). There was a significant correlation between predialysis hepcidin levels and ferritin (r=0.858, p<0.001), TIBC (r=−0.451, p=0.004), and MCV (r=0.384, p=0.016). It was found that increases in ferritin levels in time were positively correlated with hepcidin before dialysis.

Conclusions

We think that understanding the removal of the hepcidin by dialysis, which causes a decrease in the amount of iron available in the anemia, is important in managing future therapy.
A study on optimal rotor speed control method for helicopter power system considering the influence of infrared suppressors
Authors: Wang Zhaoguang , Du Jiatong , Guo Haoran
Published: September 2023

In order to realize the most economical operation of helicopter power system, the optimal rotor speed control method is proposed and designed. Firstly, the simplified performance calculation model of helicopter required power and turboshaft engine are established, which constitute the performance calculation model of helicopter power system together. Then, according to the above model, through applying blade loading constraint and selecting the minimum engine fuel flow as the optimization objective, an integrated optimization method of optimal rotor speed based on golden section method is proposed, which reveals the variation law of optimal rotor speed under different operation conditions. Finally, the numerical simulation and hardware-in-loop (HIL) simulation are conducted separately to validate the optimal rotor speed control method. The results indicate that compared with constant rotor speed operation, optimal rotor speed control method can decrease engine fuel flow by more than 21 %, which proves the significant effectiveness and satisfactory feasibility. The optimal rotor speed control method ensures that the helicopter power system operates at the optimal rotor speed, and is beneficial to reach the most economical cruise target.
THE KURDISH PROBLEM AS A LEGACY OF THE VERSAILLES SYSTEM OF THE WORLD ORDER
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanov Stanislav
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the roots and origins of the Kurdish problem. The author puts forward the thesis that the unresolved Kurdish issue is closely related to the unfair redistribution of the borders of the Ottoman Empire by the victorious countries after the First World War. The Treaty of Sevres in 1920 and the subsequent Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, in fact, divided the borders of three new states of ethnic Kurdistan. Thus, the Kurds were deprived of the opportunity to create their own national state and found themselves in the position of oppressed minorities in Turkey, Iraq and Syria, as well as in Shah Iran. Having received a League of Nations mandate to govern Iraq and Syria, Great Britain and France cared least of all about the rights and freedoms of the Kurds. The so-called neo-colonizers relied in their rule on the comprador bourgeoisie from among the Arab tribal nobility and the military. The national liberation movement of the Kurds was brutally suppressed by local nationalists and the colonial troops supporting them. The problem of self-determination of Kurdish communities in the region is still relevant. At the level of an age-old dream and idea, the Kurds are unlikely to give up broad autonomy, a nation-state or a confederation.
ENERGY MARKETS IN THE ERA OF GLOBAL INSTABILITY
Authors:   Rosneft Oil Company, Sechin Igor
Published: September 2023

The article identifies new trends and challenges in the development of the world economy and energy in an era of global instability, including the economic problems of the United States of America, the trend towards dedollarization of the global economy and the transition to alternative payment systems, the deindustrialization of Europe, role of the Government in economy, risks undermining the long-term stability of oil supplies due to underinvestment and limited opportunities to increase new production capacities. The issues of the development of «green» energy are analyzed, while it is shown that hat reducing the causes of global warming solely to CO2 emissions resulting from human activities is not sufficiently substantiated. The possibilities and problems of the fuel and energy sector of Russia in the era of the transformation of the world energy markets and restructuring of Russian’s economy are revealed.
Chemogenetic Silencing of NaV1.8-Positive Sensory Neurons Reverses Chronic Neuropathic and Bone Cancer Pain in FLEx PSAM4-GlyR Mice
Authors: Haroun Rayan , Gossage Samuel J. , Luiz Ana Paula , Arcangeletti Manuel , Sikandar Shafaq , Zhao Jing , Cox James J. , Wood John N.
Published: September 2023

Drive from peripheral neurons is essential in almost all pain states, but pharmacological silencing of these neurons to effect analgesia has proved problematic. Reversible gene therapy using long-lived chemogenetic approaches is an appealing option. We used the genetically activated chloride channel PSAM4-GlyR to examine pain pathways in mice. Using recombinant AAV9-based delivery to sensory neurons, we found a reversal of acute pain behavior and diminished neuronal activity usingin vitroandin vivoGCaMP imaging on activation of PSAM4-GlyR with varenicline. A significant reduction in inflammatory heat hyperalgesia and oxaliplatin-induced cold allodynia was also observed. Importantly, there was no impairment of motor coordination, but innocuous von Frey sensation was inhibited. We generated a transgenic mouse that expresses a CAG-driven FLExed PSAM4-GlyR downstream of theRosa26locus that requires Cre recombinase to enable the expression of PSAM4-GlyR and tdTomato. We used NaV1.8 Cre to examine the role of predominantly nociceptive NaV1.8+ neurons in cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) and neuropathic pain caused by chronic constriction injury (CCI). Varenicline activation of PSAM4-GlyR in NaV1.8-positive neurons reversed CCI-driven mechanical, thermal, and cold sensitivity. Additionally, varenicline treatment of mice with CIBP expressing PSAM4-GlyR in NaV1.8+ sensory neurons reversed cancer pain as assessed by weight-bearing. Moreover, when these mice were subjected to acute pain assays, an elevation in withdrawal thresholds to noxious mechanical and thermal stimuli was detected, but innocuous mechanical sensations remained unaffected. These studies confirm the utility of PSAM4-GlyR chemogenetic silencing in chronic pain states for mechanistic analysis and potential future therapeutic use.