bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zwischen Moderne-Schelte und Kreativitäts-Enquête: Constantin Brunners Zeitschrift Der Zuschauer (1893–1895)
Authors: Sprengel Peter
Published: October 2016

From 1893 to 1895 in Hamburg, the future philosopher Constantin Brunner (real name: Leo Wertheimer, 1862–1937) edited a magazine called
Kultur als Über-Setzung
Authors: Schoor Kerstin
Published: October 2016

This case study on the work of the Prague-born, German-Jewish author and screenplay writer Willy Haas while in exile in India (1939–1947) – introduced here only briefly – illustrates how, in the process of translation from one culture to another, categories of “other” and “self” retreat behind a processuality of cultural negotiation, interference and productive translation – in other words, it illustrates how they enter into processes of a cultural production that is indelibly marked by social as well as artistic interactions and institutional infrastructures as well as conditions of material, economic-political transmission through the media, generating a cultural production that is thus able to provide a basis for and support a dynamic understanding of culture, both theoretically and practically.
Der Andere hinter dem Fenster
Authors: Zocco Gianna
Published: October 2016

This article focuses on the experience of looking through a window in Patricia Highsmith’s novel
Verdrängte Tierliebe
Authors: Bürger Jan
Published: October 2016

„Drohung“ („Threat“) is one of the most famous love poems of Gottfried Benn. The German poet published it originally in 1913 in the influential left-wing journal
„Bilder zukünftiger Vollendung“ – Der freistudentische Serakreis 1913 in den Tagebüchern und Briefen von und an Wilhelm Flitner
Authors: Werner Meike G.
Published: October 2016

Conceived as a collage, this essay presents annotated excerpts from diaries and correspondences from the year 1913. It recreates a plethora of voices, especially of young intellectuals, progressive students and artists, focusing on the Sera Circle around the publisher Eugen Diederichs in Jena. Among the voices included are Wilhelm Flitner, who became a professor of education at the University of Hamburg, Rudolf Carnap, who later joined the Vienna Circle, Helene Czapski-Holzman, an artist and student of Max Beckmann, as well as Franz Roh, an art critic, photographer and collage-artist.
Providing fault tolerance through invasive computing
Authors: Lari Vahid , Weichslgartner Andreas , Tanase Alexandru , Witterauf Michael , Khosravi Faramarz , Teich Jürgen , Heißwolf Jan , Friederich Stephanie , Becker Jürgen
Published: October 2016

As a consequence of technology scaling, today's complex multi-processor systems have become more and more susceptible to
errors. In order to satisfy reliability requirements, such systems require methods to detect and tolerate errors. This
entails two major challenges: (a) providing a comprehensive approach that ensures fault-tolerant execution of parallel
applications across different types of resources, and (b) optimizing resource usage in the face of dynamic fault
probabilities or with varying fault tolerance needs of different applications. In this paper, we present a holistic and
adaptive approach to provide fault tolerance on Multi-Processor System-on-a-Chip (MPSoC) on demand of an application or
environmental needs based on invasive computing. We show how invasive computing may provide adaptive fault tolerance on
a heterogeneous MPSoC including hardware accelerators and communication infrastructure such as a Network-on-Chip
(NoC). In addition, we present (a) compile-time transformations to automatically adopt well-known redundancy schemes such
as Dual Modular Redundancy (DMR) and Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) for fault-tolerant loop execution on a class of
massively parallel arrays of processors called as Tightly Coupled Processor Arrays (). Based on timing
characteristics derived from our compilation flow, we further develop (b) a reliability analysis guiding the selection of
a suitable degree of fault tolerance. Finally, we present (c) a methodology to detect and adaptively mitigate faults in
invasive NoCs.
Association of short stature with life satisfaction and self-rated health in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV study
Authors: Jafari-Adli Shahrzad , Qorbani Mostafa , Heshmat Ramin , Ranjbar Shirin Hasani , Taheri Ehsaneh , Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil , Noorozi Mehdi , Safari Omid , Shafiee Gita , Rezaei Fatemeh , Safiri Saeid , Kelishadi Roya
Published: October 2016

Background:

Data on stature in Iranian children and adolescents at national level are limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of short stature with life satisfaction (LS) and self-rated health (SRH) in children and adolescents.

Methods:

Data were obtained from a nationwide survey entitled childhood and adolescence surveillance and prevent

Results:

Overall, 13,484 participants with a mean (SD) age of 12.5 (3.36) years (49.24% girls, 50.75% boys) completed the study (response rate 90.6%). The prevalence of short stature, poor SRH and life dissatisfaction was 9%, 20.04% and 20.09%, respectively. Although in the univariate model, participants with short stature had significantly lower odds of LS [odds ratio (OR): 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71–0.97] and good SRH (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.68–0.92), in the multivariate model, only the association of short stature with good SRH remained statistically significant (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69–0.98).

Conclusions:

Results of the present study show that participants with short stature are at the greater risk of poor SRH and decreased LS in comparison with the subjects with normal height.
A unique case of Shwachman-Diamond syndrome presenting with congenital hypopituitarism
Authors: Jivani Nurin , Torrado-Jule Carmen , Vaiselbuh Sarah , Romanos-Sirakis Eleny
Published: October 2016

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an autosomal recessive bone marrow failure syndrome typically characterized by neutropenia and pancreatic dysfunction, although phenotypic presentations vary, and the endocrine phenotype is not well-described. We report a unique case of a patient with SDS who initially presented with hypoglycemia and micropenis in the newborn period and was diagnosed with congenital hypopituitarism. We are not aware of any other cases of SDS documented with this combination of complex endocrinopathies.
Activity patterns in sympatric carnivores in the Nahuelbuta Mountain Range, southern-central Chile
Authors: Zúñiga Alfredo H. , Jiménez Jaime E. , Ramírez de Arellano Pablo
Published: October 2016

Species interactions determine the structure of biological communities. In particular, interference behavior is critical as dominant species can displace subordinate species depending on local ecological conditions. In carnivores, the outcome of interference may have important consequences from the point of view of conservation, especially when vulnerable species are the ones suffering displacement. Using 24 baited camera traps and a sampling effort of 2821 trap nights, we examined the activity patterns and spatial overlap of an assemblage of five sympatric carnivores in the Nahuelbuta Mountain Range, in southern-central Chile. In this forested landscape we found predominantly nocturnal activity in all species, but not for the puma (
Graphene plasmonics: physics and potential applications
Authors: Huang Shenyang , Song Chaoyu , Zhang Guowei , Yan Hugen
Published: October 2016

Plasmon in graphene possesses many unique properties. It originates from the collective motion of massless Dirac fermions, and the carrier density dependence is distinctively different from conventional plasmons. In addition, graphene plasmon is highly tunable and shows strong energy confinement capability. Most intriguingly, as an atom-thin layer, graphene and its plasmon are very sensitive to the immediate environment. Graphene plasmons strongly couple to polar phonons of the substrate, molecular vibrations of the adsorbates, and lattice vibrations of other atomically thin layers. In this review, we present the most important advances in graphene plasmonics field. The topics include terahertz plasmons, mid-infrared plasmons, plasmon-phonon interactions, and potential applications. Graphene plasmonics opens an avenue for reconfigurable metamaterials and metasurfaces; it is an exciting and promising new subject in the nanophotonics and plasmonics research field.
Refractive index matched half-wave plate with a nematic liquid crystal for three-dimensional laser metrology applications
Authors: Piecek W. , Jaroszewicz L.R. , Miszczyk E. , Raszewski Z. , Mrukiewicz M. , Perkowski P. , Nowinowski-Kruszelnicki E. , Zieliński J. , Olifierczuk M. , Kędzierski J. , Sun X.W. , Garbat K. , Kowiorski K. , Morawiak P. , Mazur R. , Tkaczyk J.
Published: October 2016

There exists a need in a quality and accuracy of a three-dimensional laser metrology operating in numerically controlled automatic machines. For this purpose, one sends three laser beams mutually perpendicular. These three beams of the wavelength λ = 0.6328 μm are generated by the same laser and are directed along three independent, orthogonal, mutually perpendicular, optical paths with a given light polarization plain. Using these beams, constituting the frame of coordinates, three independent laser rangefinders are able to determine spatial coordinates of a working tool or a workpiece. To form these optical pulses, a special refractive index matched Half-Wave Plate with nematic Liquid Crystal (LCHWP) was applied. The presented half-wave plate is based on a single Twisted Nematic (TN) cell (with the twist angle
Heterogeneous Terrorism: Determinants of Left-Wing and Nationalist-Separatist Terrorism in Western Europe
Authors: Brockhoff Sarah , Krieger Tim , Meierrieks Daniel
Published: October 2016

We analyze the determinants of left-wing and nationalist-separatist terrorism for 18 Western European countries for the 1970–2007 period. Focusing on the influence of the Cold War, we find that it predicts left-wing but not nationalist-separatist terrorism, suggesting that there is indeed some heterogeneity in the causes of terrorism. However, we also find that a number of factors determine both kinds of terrorism, indicating that there were differences but also commonalities in the causes of left-wing and nationalist-separatist terrorism in Western Europe during our observation period.
Separation and purification of rebaudioside A from extract of Stevia Rebaudiana leaves by macroporous adsorption resins
Authors: Anvari Masoumeh , Khayati Gholam
Published: October 2016

The separation and purification of rebaudioside A from Stevia rebaudiana crude extracts (Steviosides) by macroporous resin were optimized by Taguchi orthogonal array (OA) experimental design methodology. This approach was applied to evaluate the influence of five factors (adsorption temperature, desorption time, elution solution ratio, adsorption volume and type of resin) on the rebaudioside A yield. The percentage contribution of each factor was also determined. The results showed that elution solution ratio and adsorption volume made the greatest (59.6%) and the lowest (1.3%) contribution, respectively. The results showed that the Taguchi method is able to model the purification of rebaudioside A process well (R
2 > 0.998) and can therefore be applied in future studies conducted in various fields. Adsorption temperature 35°C, desorption time 60min, elution solution ratio 3, adsorption volume 200ml and HPD-400 as resin were the best conditions determined by the Taguchi method.
Markers of lipid oxidative damage among office workers exposed intermittently to air pollutants including nanoTiO2 particles
Authors: Pelclova Daniela , Zdimal Vladimir , Kacer Petr , Komarc Martin , Fenclova Zdenka , Vlckova Stepanka , Zikova Nadezda , Schwarz Jaroslav , Makes Otakar , Navratil Tomas , Zakharov Sergey , Bello Dhimiter
Published: October 2016

Nanoscale titanium dioxide (nanoTiO2) is a commercially important nanomaterial used in numerous applications. Experimental studies with nanotitania have documented lung injury and inflammation, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity. Production workers in TiO2manufacturing with a high proportion of nanoparticles and a mixture of other air pollutants, such as gases and organic aerosols, had increased markers of oxidative stress, including DNA and protein damage, as well as lipid peroxidation in their exhaled breath condensate (EBC) compared to unexposed controls. Office workers were observed to get intermittent exposures to nanoTiO2during their process monitoring. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of such short-term exposures on the markers of health effects in office workers relative to production workers from the same factory. Twenty-two office employees were examined. They were occupationally exposed to (nano)TiO2aerosol during their daily visits of the production area for an average of 14±9 min/day. Median particle number concentration in office workers while in the production area was 2.32×104/cm3. About 80% of the particles were <100 nm in diameter. A panel of biomarkers of lipid oxidation, specifically malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-trans-hexenal (HHE), 4-hydroxy-trans-nonenal (HNE), 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-isoprostane), and aldehydes C6−C12, were studied in the EBC and urine of office workers and 14 unexposed controls. Nine markers of lipid oxidation were elevated in the EBC of office employees relative to controls (p<0.05); only 8-isoprostane and C11were not increased. Significant association was found in the multivariate analysis between their employment in the TiO2production plant and EBC markers of lipid oxidation. No association was seen with age, lifestyle factors, or environmental air contamination. The EBC markers in office employees reached about 50% of the levels measured in production workers, and the difference between production workers and office employees was highly significant (p<0.001). None of these biomarkers were elevated in urine. The approach presented here seems to be very sensitive and useful for non-invasive monitoring of employees exposed to air pollutants, including gases, organic aerosols, and nanoTiO2, and may prove useful for routine biomonitoring purposes. Among them, aldehydes C6, C8, C9, and C10appear to be the most sensitive markers of lipid oxidation in similar occupational cohorts. One major challenge with sensitive biomonitoring techniques, however, is their non-specificity and difficulty in interpreting the meaning of their physiological values in the context of chronic disease development and damage-repair kinetics.
Bewegungsmangel als soziales Problem
Authors: Klein Markus , Pitsch Werner , Emrich Eike
Published: October 2016

Die Konstruktion sozialer Probleme folgt rekonstruierbaren sozialen Mustern und verläuft in der Regel wert- und interessengeleitet. Dies gilt auch für den Diskurs um einen Bewegungsmangel von Kindern und Jugendlichen nebst den erwarteten gesundheitlichen Folgen. Der Frage, welche Deutungen die öffentliche Diskussion dieses Problems dominieren und welche Akteure maßgeblich zu dieser Etablierung beigetragen haben, wird ebenso Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt wie der Frage nach der im Zuge steigender Drittmittelbedeutung zunehmend interessengetriebenen Position des Wissenschaftlers. Zudem zeigt sich dabei auch eine besondere Funktion von Krisen- und Defizitannahmen im Rahmen (sport-)pädagogischer Argumentationen.
Antiproliferative effect of synthetic cyclic imides (methylphtalimides, carboxylic acid phtalimides and itaconimides) against human cancer cell lines
Authors: Stiz Dorimar , Campos Adriana , Lúcia Tasca Gois Ruiz Ana , Ernesto de Carvalho João , Corrêa Rogério , Cechinel-Filho Valdir
Published: October 2016

This work describes the antiproliferative potential of 14 cyclic imides (methylphtalimides, carboxylic acid phtalimides and itaconimides) against several human cancer cell lines. The antiproliferative effect was evaluated using the sulforhodamine B assay. Although some compounds from methylphtalimide and carboxylic acid phtalimide classes exhibited a selective antiproliferative activity, the itaconimides (11–14) exhibited the best results, especially compound 14, which presented a TGI (concentration that produces total growth inhibition) value of 0.0043 μM against glioma (U251), being inactive against the non-tumor cell line (HaCat). Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion in silico evaluations suggest that these compounds are promising candidates.
Self-Association of Glycyrrhizic Acid. NMR Study
Authors: Petrova Svetlana S. , Schlotgauer Anna A. , Kruppa Alexander I. , Leshina Tatyana V.
Published: October 2016

The use of various NMR techniques allows to demonstrate the aggregation processes of β-glycyrrhizic acid (GA) in water/methanol (4:1, v:v) mixture with solution pH≤5. The micelle formation was monitored by measuring T2 relaxation and diffusion of GA. The model of gelation from micelles was suggested. It was shown that NMR chemical shifts of the protons of GA glucuronic moiety are sensitive to solution pH and not sensitive to GA concentration changes. At the same time the protons of triterpene moiety are sensitive to the nearest environment during the GA aggregation, and micelles are formed by hydrophobic interaction between the triterpene moieties of GA.
Pulsed EPR Signals from Triplets
Authors: Bowman Michael K. , Chen Hanjiao , Maryasov Alexander G.
Published: October 2016

Pulsed EPR experiments have proven to be an important tool for measuring EPR spectra, kinetics and relaxation rates of free radicals and triplet molecules. The EPR frequencies and selection rules from CW-EPR spectra also govern pulsed EPR-experiments, but pulsed excitation provides much greater control over spin dynamics and allows clean separation and measurement of many properties of the spin system. Most pulsed EPR measurements of triplet molecules have been made in the selective pulse limit where only one EPR transition of a molecule is excited by microwave pulses and its EPR spectroscopy behaves like that of a radical with spin ofS=1/2. However, some important classes of systems withS=1, such as molecular photoconversion devices, donor-acceptor complexes, biradicaloids, biradicals and triplet states with high symmetry, can have all their EPR transitions excited simultaneously, the so-called hard-pulse limit. The pulsed EPR signals in this limit have many similarities, but also some important differences from those in the selective pulse limit or from radicals withS=1/2. The dependence of pulsed EPR signals on microwave pulse phase and turning angle is examined in both limits forS=1 systems in thermal equilibrium or with electron spin polarization.
Nur Luft und Liebe? Zur Entlohnung sozialer Dienstleistungsarbeit im Länder- und Berufsvergleich
Authors: Hipp Lena , Kelle Nadiya
Published: October 2016

By analyzing data from the European Labor Force Survey 2011 (EU LFS), we assess whether care work is always poorly paid or whether this only applies for particular occupations or countries. Our analyses of four different occupational groups in the sections education, child-care, health-care, and nursing across 21 countries show that assistant positions in the social service sector are indeed poorly paid. In contrast, specialist professionals in social services mostly earn higher wages than employees with similar qualification profiles. Cross-country differences in care workers’ relative income have to do with the composition of the care workforce. After controlling for key individual level demographic and work characteristics, we find that country differences in care workers’ relative income – particularly for nonprofessionals and aides – are related to social expenditures, collective bargaining coverage, and the size of the informal sector.
Hyperglycaemia-induced resistance to Docetaxel is negated by metformin: a role for IGFBP-2
Authors: Biernacka K M , Persad R A , Bahl A , Gillatt D , Holly J M P , Perks C M
Published: October 2016

The incidence of many common cancers varies between different populations and appears to be affected by a Western lifestyle. Highly proliferative malignant cells require sufficient levels of nutrients for their anabolic activity. Therefore, targeting genes and pathways involved in metabolic pathways could yield future therapeutics. A common pathway implicated in energetic and nutritional requirements of a cell is the LKB1/AMPK pathway. Metformin is a widely studied anti-diabetic drug, which improves glycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes by targeting this pathway. We investigated the effect of metformin on prostate cancer cell lines and evaluated its mechanism of action using DU145, LNCaP, PC3 and VCaP prostate cancer cell lines. Trypan blue dye-exclusion assay was used to assess levels of cell death. Western immunoblotting was used to determine the abundance of proteins. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) andAMPKgenes were silenced using siRNA. Effects on cell morphology were visualised using microscopy.IGFBP-2gene expression was assessed using real-time RT-PCR. With DU145 and LNCaP cells metformin alone induced cell death, but this was reduced in hyperglycaemic conditions. Hyperglycaemia also reduced the sensitivity to Docetaxel, but this was countered by co-treatment with metformin. LKB1 was required for the activation of AMPK but was not essential to mediate the induction of cell death. An alternative pathway by which metformin exerted its action was through downregulation of IGFBP-2 in DU145 and LNCaP cells, independently of AMPK. This finding could have important implications in relation to therapeutic strategies in prostate cancer patients presenting with diabetes.
TSC1-mTOR signaling determines the differentiation of islet cells
Authors: Ding Li , Yin Yue , Han Lingling , Li Yin , Zhao Jing , Zhang Weizhen
Published: October 2016

Neurogenin3-driven deletion of tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (Tsc1) activated mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) measured by the upregulation of mTOR and S6 phosphorylation in islet cells.Neurogenin3-Tsc1−/−mice demonstrated a significant increase in average islet size and mean area of individual islet cell. Insulin mRNA and plasma insulin levels increased significantly after weaning. Glucagon mRNA and plasma levels increased in neonate followed by modest reduction in adult. Somatostatin mRNA and plasma levels markedly increased.Neurogenin3-Tsc1−/−mice fed standard chow demonstrated a significant improvement in glucose tolerance and no alteration in insulin sensitivity. InNeurogenin3-Tsc1−/−mice fed 45% high-fat diets, both glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were significantly impaired. Rapamycin reversed the activation of mTORC1, attenuated β cells hypertrophy and abolished the improvement of glucose tolerance. TSC1-mTORC1 signaling plays an important role in the development of pancreatic endocrine cells and in the regulation of glucose metabolism.
Nesfatin-1: functions and physiology of a novel regulatory peptide
Authors: Dore Riccardo , Levata Luka , Lehnert Hendrik , Schulz Carla
Published: October 2016

Nesfatin-1 was identified in 2006 as a potent anorexigenic peptide involved in the regulation of homeostatic feeding. It is processed from the precursor-peptide NEFA/nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2), which is expressed both in the central nervous system as well as in the periphery, from where it can access the brain via non-saturable transmembrane diffusion. In hypothalamus and brainstem, nesfatin-1 recruits the oxytocin, the melancortin and other systems to relay its anorexigenic properties. NUCB2/nesfatin-1 peptide expression in reward-related areas suggests that nesfatin-1 might also be involved in hedonic feeding. Besides its initially discovered anorexigenic properties, over the last years, other important functions of nesfatin-1 have been discovered, many of them related to energy homeostasis, e.g. energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis. Nesfatin-1 is not only affecting these physiological processes but also the alterations of the metabolic state (e.g. fat mass, glycemic state) have an impact on the synthesis and release of NUCB2 and/or nesfatin-1. Furthermore, nesfatin-1 exerts pleiotropic actions at the level of cardiovascular and digestive systems, as well as plays a role in stress response, behavior, sleep and reproduction. Despite the recent advances in nesfatin-1 research, a putative receptor has not been identified and furthermore potentially distinct functions of nesfatin-1 and its precursor NUCB2 have not been dissected yet. To tackle these open questions will be the major objectives of future research to broaden our knowledge on NUCB2/nesfatin-1.
Dynamic remodeling of endometrial extracellular matrix regulates embryo receptivity in cattle
Authors: Scolari Saara Carollina , Pugliesi Guilherme , Strefezzi Ricardo de Francisco , Andrade Sónia Cristina da Silva , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , Binelli Mario
Published: October 2016

We aimed to evaluate in the bovine endometrium whether (1) key genes involved in endometrial extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling are regulated by the endocrine peri-ovulatory milieu and (2) specific endometrial ECM-related transcriptome can be linked to pregnancy outcome. In Experiment 1, pre-ovulatory follicle growth of cows was manipulated to obtain two groups with specific endocrine peri-ovulatory profiles: the Large Follicle-Large CL group (LF-LCL) served as a paradigm for greater receptivity and fertility and showed greater plasma pre-ovulatory estradiol and post-ovulatory progesterone concentrations compared to the Small Follicle-Small CL group (SF-SCL). Endometrium was collected on days 4 and 7 of the estrous cycle. Histology revealed a greater abundance of total collagen content in SF-SCL on day 4 endometrium. In Experiment 2, cows were artificially inseminated and, six days later, endometrial biopsies were collected. Cows were retrospectively divided into pregnant and non-pregnant (P vs NP) groups after diagnosis on day 30. In both experiments, expression of genes related to ECM remodeling in the endometrium was studied by RNAseq and qPCR. Gene ontology analysis showed an inhibition in the expression of ECM-related genes in the high receptivity groups (LF-LCL and P). Specifically, there was downregulation ofTGFB2,ADAMTS2,5 and 14,TIMP3 and COL1A2,COL3A1,COL7A1andCOL3A3in the LF-LCL and P groups. In summary, the overlapping set of genes differently expressed in both fertility models: (1) suggests that disregulation of ECM remodeling can impair receptivity and (2) can be used as markers to predict pregnancy outcome in cattle.
Lysine Restriction and Pyridoxal Phosphate Administration in a NADK2 Patient
Authors: Tort Frederic , Ugarteburu Olatz , Torres Maria Angeles , García-Villoria Judit , Girós Marisa , Ruiz Angeles , Ribes Antonia
Published: October 2016

We report the case of a 10-year-old Spanish girl with mutations in NADK2. Prenatal central nervous system abnormalities showed ventriculomegaly, colpocephaly, and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. At birth, axial hypotonia, uncoordinated movements, microcephaly, and generalized cerebellar atrophy were detected. Metabolic investigations revealed high lysine, lactate, and pipecolic acid levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Pyruvate carboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in fibroblasts were normal. Beginning at birth she received biotin, thiamine, and carnitine supplementation. A lysine-restricted diet was started when she was 1 month old. Because pipecolic acid was high, pyridoxine was added to treatment. At 3 years old, astatic myoclonic epilepsy appeared, with no response to levetiracetam. We switched pyridoxine to pyridoxal phosphate, with electroclinical improvement. Because the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes III and IV was slightly low in muscle, other cofactors such as ubidecarenone, idebenone, vitamin E, and creatine were added to the treatment. At 8 years old, plasma acylcarnitine testing was performed, and high levels of 2-trans, 4-cis-decadienoylcarnitine were found. Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous splice site mutation in NADK2 (c.956+6T>C; p.Trp319Cysfs*21). This substitution generates exon skipping, leading to a truncated protein. In fact, NADK2 messenger RNA and the corresponding protein were almost absent. Now, at 10 years of age she presents with ataxia and incoordination. She has oromotor dysphasia but is able to understand fluid language and is a very friendly girl. We hypothesize that the patient’s clinical improvement could be due to her lysine-restricted diet together with cofactors and pyridoxal phosphate administration.
Estimation of carbon stocks under different soil uses in the central highlands of Mexico
Authors: Alvarez Arteaga Gustavo , García Fajardo Belina , Orozco Hernández María Estela , Mireles Lezama Patricia , Contreras Martínez Julieta
Published: October 2016

The loss of organic carbon stocks from the soil and their expulsion into the atmosphere due to the effect of anthropogenic activities must be understood as a problem that goes beyond the environmental to the social and economic context, with the soil degradation being just one of its many impacts. While the accumulation of carbon in the soil depends naturally on the interaction among a series of biotic and abiotic factors, management practices often cause the deterioration of its physical, chemical and biological properties, and, thus, increase the levels of mineralization and a reduction in carbon stocks. This research was undertaken in the municipality of San José del Rincón, State of Mexico, in volcanic soils under different conditions of soil use and disturbation time periods. Samples were obtained at 11 plots, on which physical and chemical analyses were undertaken, obtaining soil organic carbon stocks at 20 cm top soil. The results indicated that, for the soils used for agriculture and induced pasture, there were significant increases in the bulk density, greater acidity and a decrease in carbon concentration compared to forest soils. The organic carbon stocks taken from soils used in forestry, agriculture and induced pasture at a depth of 20 cm were 131, 53 and 63 Mg C ha-1 respectively, results which suggest the timing and intensity of management are determinants in the loss of soil organic carbon stocks from the soil, as well as the alteration of some of their physical and chemical properties.
In vitro propagation of Rubus macrocarpus Benth. and Rubus bogotensis Kunth, as an ex situ conservation strategy
Authors: Pérez-Martínez Belkys Adriana , Castañeda-Garzón Sandra Liliana
Published: October 2016

This research aimed to evaluate techniques for in vitro multiplication and rooting and ex vitro adaptation of wild blackberry plants (Rubus bogotensis Benth. and Rubus macrocarpus Kunth). In in vitro phases, the influence of culture media was evaluated based on Murashige & Skoog (MS) composition, with or without a 50% reduction in salts, vitamins, and myo-inositol and supplemented or not with benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole acetic acid (IAA), L-cysteine, agar, peat, perlite, and vermiculite. The ex vitro phase was based on a soil, rice husks, peat, and perlite substrate management. After two months of evaluation of the in vitro phases, it was determined that the MS medium at 50% salts, vitamins, and myo-inositol and supplemented with sucrose (15000 mg.l-1) and agar (5000 mg.l-1) was the most suitable for obtaining the highest values of apical length (cm), shoot number, rooting percentage, and root number. In ex vitro adaptation, the acclimation subphase, evaluated during three months, allowed to determine survival rates of 83.33% and 75% for R. macrocarpus and R. bogotensis, respectively. The average increase in stem length (cm) was 2.35 cm and 1.30 cm, respectively. In the greenhouse subphase, evaluated for four months, 100% plant survivorship was obtained, and 2.75 cm and 5.31 cm increases in average stem length (cm) for R. macrocarpus and R. bogotensis, were determined.
Advancing social solidarity
Authors: Simmons-Mackie Nina , Stoehr Roxanne
Published: October 2016

The drive for positivity is one aspect of the professional ethos of speech-language pathology. Speech-language pathologists aim to promote positive professional relationships and clinical experiences to achieve goals. Positivity, that which is favorable, affirming or accepting, is projected through professional discourse. Acquisition of positive discourse strategies by students in training is often indirect and occurs implicitly as the student interacts with others. To investigate the management of positivity as it relates to clinical training, a qualitative investigation of discourse of speech-language pathology students and clinical supervisors was undertaken. A variety of discourse strategies designed to mitigate potential conflict or promote solidarity were identified in the text and talk between students and supervisors and in clinical sessions. These strategies, consistent with the literature on preference organization, contributed to positive relationships between students and supervisors and between clinicians and clients.
Volumetric Stability of Fresh Frozen Bone Blocks in Atrophic Posterior Mandible Augmentation
Authors: Silva Erick Ricardo , Ferraz Emanuela Prado , Neto Evandro Carneiro Martins , Chaushu Gavriel , Chaushu Liat , Xavier Samuel Porfírio
Published: October 2016

Fresh frozen bone allografts (FFB) have become an alternative for bone augmentation in the past decades, especially because of the absence of recent reports of disease transmission or immunologic reactions when it is used. The aim of this prospective controlled study is to evaluate volumetric changes of newly created bone following reconstruction of the atrophic posterior mandible. Twenty consecutive patients presenting for reconstruction of posterior mandibular alveolar bone ridge width ≤6.0 mm and/or height ≤6.0 who met all inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. FFB blocks were used. The main outcome variable investigated was bone volume dynamics. Vertical, horizontal, and 3-dimensional bone gain data were measured from computerized tomography scans. The main predictor variable was time evaluated at 3 points: immediately after surgery (T1), at implant placement (T2), and 1 year after functional loading (T3). Secondary outcome parameters evaluated were implant survival, histologic findings, and microtomographic morphometry. The study included 28 hemi-mandibles, 50 FFB bone blocks, and 15 female and 5 male patients (mean age, 51.8 years). Block and implant survival rates were 100% and 96%, respectively, after 31.75 months of follow-up. Vertical and horizontal bone gain at T2 was 5.15 and 6.42 mm, respectively. Volumetric resorption was 31% at T2, followed by an additional 10% reduction at T3. Histologic evaluation showed newly formed vital bone in intimate contact with the remaining FFB. Microtomography revealed 31.8% newly formed bone, 14.5% remaining grafted bone, and 53.7% connective tissue and bone marrow. Thus, FFB blocks may lead to new bone formation and consolidation, with satisfactory volumetric bone maintenance, allowing implant-supported rehabilitation with high success rates.
Twelve Tips for Utilizing Virtual Patients to Teach Professionalism
Authors: Murphy Sue , Imam Bita , Whitehouse Laura Marie
Published: October 2016

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Professionalism is an essential element of healthcare professional curriculum. However, teaching professionalism is complex and requires engaging and effective strategies. Virtual patients, in the form of computer-generated simulated clinical scenarios, can be used as a strategy to teach professionalism. The use of virtual patients provides an interactive and accessible learning tool along with opportunities for repetitive practice. This paper proposes twelve tips for utilizing virtual patients to teach healthcare professionalism. These tips are based on an extensive review of the relevant literature and the author's experience. The application of these tips may facilitate teaching professionalism using virtual patients and improve learning and retention of information.
The Structure Changes of the National Exam of Geography
Authors: Gerulaitis Virginijus
Published: October 2016

The national exam of geography has been pursued for almost two decades, but the issues of thestructure of its tasks have been little investigated. The focus of this investigation is the structure of the tasks of the national exam of geography. The subject of investigation is the tasks of the national exam of geography. The performed analysis of the tasks of the national exam of geography shows that the structure of the tasks has changed three times in the last 10 years. The changes of the tasks structure of the national exam of geography were related to the changes of the program and status of this exam, but there are no essential differences between the content and structureof the tasks of school and national exams of geography. The tasks of geography national exam are characterized by an increasing variety of sources of information: geographical issues prevailed in school exam while the national exam began to diversify its sources of information.
Spatial Diversification of Financial Involvement of Rural Communes (Gminas) In the Environmental Protection Investments in Poland
Authors: Hyski Marcin
Published: October 2016

This article aims to recognition and assessment of extent to which the Polish rural communes participate in financing of environmental protection investments. Investments in the natural environment protection are the subject of the article. Special attention of the analysis is focused on the issue of their funding, especially funding from budgets of rural communes, including the territorial division into provinces. Secondary sources of statistical information for 2014 were used in the investigations.
Environmental protection investments in Poland are financed from sources that differ in character and performance. Among the sources of funding for environmental protection investments, the most important are own means covering about half of the outlays on fixed assets for the natural environmental protection. Expenses from communes’ budgets are of marginal importance for the structure of environmental protection funding. In 2014, they were shaped at a level similar to the amount of expenditure for this purpose spent from the central budget and the budgets of counties.
Rural communes, which constitute 63,8 % of all communes in Poland, finance almost 30 % of expenditure on environmental protection investments carried out by the communes as a whole. Environmental protection is an important objective of local politics. Among the investment priorities of rural communes it is placed after investments in the sphere of agriculture, public security and fire protection. The largest scale of investment expenditure on the environmental protection in 2014 was recorded in the malopolskie and mazowieckie provinces, where rural communes financed almost 15 % of total investment outlays on this purpose spent by all rural communes in Poland.
Tangible effects of the realized environmental investments financed from rural communes’ budgets in 2014 in Poland are diversified spatially. For example, considering investments in wastewater management, three provinces (malopolskie, slaskie and mazowieckie) realized investments such as collective sewerage system discharge sewage constituting over one third of the total length of such system built in 2014 in rural areas of Poland total.
A caracterização do risco sanitário nos processos administrativos da vigilância sanitária
Authors: Alves Max Rogério
Published: October 2016

Estudo da caracterização do risco sanitário (avaliação e gerenciamento de risco) nos processos administrativos da vigilância sanitária, a partir de um estudo de caso relativo ao controle sanitário de portos, aeroportos e fronteiras. A análise de decisões tomadas no âmbito de processos sanitários permitiu evidenciar que o grau de risco é superficialmente tratado neles, inferindo-se que a caracterização do risco nos referidos processos aproxima-se mais da aplicação do senso comum do que de uma abordagem científica.
Privatização e contratualização da Saúde Pública em Uberlândia: as Unidades de Atendimento Integrado e o Hospital e Maternidade Municipal
Authors: Donisete Santos de Souza Julio César
Published: October 2016

O artigo analisa o processo de terceirização do serviço público de saúde no município de Uberlândia por intermédio dos contratos de gestão com organizações sociais da saúde. Utiliza a metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental de leis, decretos e reportagens de jornais dispostos oficialmente no município. Pretendese comprovar que, apesar de a Prefeitura Municipal de Uberlândia anunciar grandes melhorias na prestação de serviço, ampliação da transparência e da participação, os resultados dos contratos de gestão configuram um afastamento do poder público de seu dever constitucional de prestar diretamente o serviço, deterioração na prestação do serviço e redução do controle social.
Nova abordagem de fiscalização em denúncias sanitárias consideradas de baixo risco
Authors: Silva Marins Cristina , Ferreira Claudio , De Jesus Elaine Atanes
Published: October 2016

A vigilância sanitária deve ser concebida como um espaço de exercício de cidadania e controle social, sendo transformadora da qualidade dos produtos, processos e das relações sociais; exige uma ação abrangente e requer plena consciência para um adequado gerenciamento de risco sanitário. Essa relação deve estar fundamentada na noção de cidadão, sujeito de direitos, e não somente de consumidor. As pessoas devem ser consideradas como iguais em seus direitos, mesmo tendo diferentes posições ou valores socioculturais. As ações de vigilância sanitária visam à promoção e proteção da saúde como qualidade de vida, orientada pela noção de ‘risco sanitário’, referindo-se à possibilidade de dano, agravo ou efeito adverso à saúde, relacionado a procedimentos, produtos e serviços. Deve sempre visar uma maioria de pessoas. No processo de trabalho da vigilância sanitária, devese observar o princípio do contraditório e da ampla defesa, legitimizado pela possibilidade de resposta e utilização de todos os meios de defesa admitidos em Direito. Pensando nisso, foi implantada uma nova metodologia de atendimento às denúncias consideradas de baixo risco sanitário que evita o deslocamento da equipe de fiscalização para verificar questões extremamente pontuais, substituído pela convocação dos responsáveis pelos estabelecimentos à Central de Atendimento ao Cidadão e notificá-los sobre a denúncia. Essa metodologia vem trazendo resultados positivos, tanto para o órgão fiscalizador como para a população.
Imergir para mobilizar: como redes sociais, jogos sociais e TV digital suportam a educação sobre consumo?
Authors: Pessoa Júnior Hélio Craveiro
Published: October 2016

Como a propaganda gesta o tempo e os corpos dos indivíduos nas sociedades capitalistas? Como redes sociais, jogos sociais e TV digital suportam a educação sobre consumo? Como pensar narrativas hipermidiaticas que explorem a obesidade infantil, as propagandas? Como visualizar políticas educacionais que integrem família e escola no exercício do controle social e parental da propaganda obesogênica? As narrativas que envolvem os jogadores de Ecocity, por exemplo, podem servir de base para pensarmos em princípios narratológicos aplicados à educação sobre TV e consumo, orientando cooperação na gestão de cidades (virtuais) em que, por exemplo, num momento inicial as economias destas cidades requereriam mais energia e gerariam mais doenças e insatisfação ao focarem suas atividades numa logística de produção e distribuição de alimentos obesogênicos e num segundo momento requereriam menos energia e gerariam menos doenças e insatisfação por focarem na produção e distribuição de alimentos sustentáveis. Por um lado vemos gestos constrangedores propostos pelas propagandas obesogênicas que engendram os corpos de todos os membros das famílias para funcionarem como máquinas de produção; por outro vemos falas sendo registradas pelos jogos e redes sociais e veiculadas na TV digital.
Erro médico: uma questão de ponto de vista
Authors: Chave André Santos , Martini Vial Sandra Regina
Published: October 2016

A judicialização da saúde trouxe o debate, no seio do sistema jurídico, do erro médico, ou seja, cada vez mais a população, com a justificativa de debater a conduta do profissional da saúde, tem buscado indenização pela suposta conduta equivocada do médico. Todavia, a discussão a respeito do erro médico é uma questão que pode ser observada pelo Sistema do Direito, pelo Sistema Médico e pelo Sistema da Saúde, ou seja, o erro depende de que lugar, ou sistema, está sendo observado.
Segurança do paciente: do erro à prevenção do risco
Authors: Viana Alves Eduardo André
Published: October 2016

Classicamente o erro é visto com algo de pouca valorização e de depreciação da qualidade do profissional, geralmente decorrente de uma falha isolada e em condições incomuns. Desta afirmativa observam-se dois mitos: as falhas não são isoladas, nem muito menos os eventos são incomuns. Contudo essa visão impede a análise dos eventos que geraram o erro fazendo com que ele se perpetue e transfere para o profissional, que cometeu a ação que resultou em dano ao paciente, toda a responsabilidade. Em 2013 foi organizado conjuntamente pelo Ministério da Saúde e Anvisa uma série de regulamentações e protocolos clínicos que visaram a confecção de um arcabouço normativo e assistencial para a aplicação da segurança do paciente no Brasil. O Ministério da Saúde internalizou a segurança do paciente dentro da Portaria n° 529/2013 que institui o Programa Nacional de Segurança Do Paciente - PNSP. Ficou também responsável pela elaboração dos protocolos de segurança do paciente. Para consolidar todas as informações relativas a segurança do paciente em um único ambiente foi criado um hotsite de segurança do paciente onde além destes manuais encontra-se disponível toda a normatização da Anvisa de serviços de saúde. Esta ação ocorreu juntamente com Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada - RDC da Anvisa n° 36/2013 que cria os Núcleos de Segurança do Paciente, define suas competências, as condições para seu funcionamento, os componentes do plano de segurança do paciente e os mecanismos de monitoramento dos eventos adversos.