bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Simple, Low-Cost Implant for Reliable Diaphragm EMG Recordings in Awake, Behaving Rats
Authors: Holmes Taylor C. , Penaloza-Aponte Jesus D. , Mickle Alyssa R. , Nosacka Rachel L. , Dale Erica A. , Streeter Kristi A.
Published: January 2025

Breathing is a complex neuromuscular process vital to sustain life. In preclinical animal models, the study of respiratory motor control is primarily accomplished through neurophysiologic recordings and functional measurements of respiratory output. Neurophysiologic recordings that target neural or muscular output via direct nerve recordings or respiratory muscle electromyography (EMG) are commonly collected during anesthetized conditions. While offering tight control of experimental preparations, the use of anesthesia results in respiratory depression, may impact cardiovascular control, eliminates the potential to record volitional nonventilatory behaviors, and can limit translation. Since the diaphragm is a unique muscle which is rhythmically active and difficult to access, placing diaphragm EMGs to collect chronic recordings in awake animals is technically challenging. Here, we describe methods for fabricating and implanting indwelling diaphragm EMG electrodes to enable recordings from awake rodents for longitudinal studies. These electrodes are relatively easy and quick to produce (∼1 h), are affordable, and provide high-quality and reproducible diaphragm signals using a tethered system that allows animals toad libitumbehave. This system is also designed to work in conjunction with whole-body plethysmography to facilitate simultaneous recordings of diaphragm EMG and ventilation. We include detailed instructions and considerations for electrode fabrication and surgical implantation. We also provide a brief discussion on data acquisition, material considerations for implant fabrication, and the physiological implications of the diaphragm EMG signal.
Parkinsonism disrupts neuronal modulation in the pre-supplementary motor area during movement preparation
Authors: Hendrix Claudia M. , Baker Hannah E. , Yu Ying , Schneck David D. , Wang Jing , Johnson Luke A. , Vitek Jerrold L.
Published: January 2025

Multiple studies suggest that Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with changes in neuronal activity throughout the basal ganglia-thalamocortical motor circuit. There are limited electrophysiological data, however, describing how parkinsonism impacts neuronal activity in the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), an area in the medial frontal cortex involved in movement planning and motor control. In this study, single unit activity was recorded in the pre-SMA of two female non-human primates during a visually cued reaching task in both the naive and parkinsonian state using the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of parkinsonism. In the naive state neuronal discharge rates were dynamically modulated prior to the presentation of the instructional go-cue. In a subset of these modulated cells, the magnitude of modulation correlated linearly with reaction time (RT). In the parkinsonian state, however, modulation of discharge rates in the pre-SMA was disrupted and the predictive encoding of RT was significantly diminished. These findings add to our understanding of the role of pre-SMA in motor behavior and suggest that disrupted encoding in this cortical region contributes to the alteration of early preparatory and pre-movement processes present in Parkinson’s disease.

Significance statementGoal-directed movements, such as reaching for an object, necessitate temporal preparation and organization of information processing within the basal ganglia-thalamocortical motor network. Impaired movement in people with Parkinson’s disease is thought to be the result of pathophysiological activity disrupting information flow within this network. This work provides neurophysiological evidence linking altered motor preplanning processes encoded in the neuronal firing pattern of pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) cells to the pathogenesis of motor disturbances in parkinsonism.
Unveiling the Link between Albumin-Bilirubin Grade and Liver Fibrosis in Patients with a History of Gallstone and Gallbladder Surgery: A Focus on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis
Authors: Sotoudeheian Mohammadjavad
Published: January 2025

Background/Aim: This study investigated the relationship between albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and advanced liver fibrosis in patients with a history of gallstone disease and cholecystectomy, focusing on those diagnosed with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) using the acMASH algorithm.Methods: Data from 566 subjects in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020 dataset were analyzed. MASH and advanced fibrosis (AF) were determined using acMASH and acFibroMASH algorithms, respectively. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM), ALBI grade, and other fibrosis indices were evaluated.Results: Of 566 subjects, 13 (2.3%) were diagnosed with MASH, and 65 (11.48%) had AF. MASH subjects showed significantly higher LSM values compared to non-MASH subjects (p=0.032). ALBI grade demonstrated weak positive correlations with LSM, FIB-4, and acFibroMASH in non-MASH subjects. The AUROC for ALBI grade in identifying AF was 0.631 (95% CI 0.590-0.671). Multivariate analysis confirmed ALBI grade as an independent predictor of AF (odds ratio 0.193, 95% CI 0.1025-0.2837, p<0.001).Conclusions: ALBI grade shows potential as a non-invasive marker for advanced liver fibrosis in patients with a history of gallstone disease and cholecystectomy, particularly in those with MASH. Further studies with larger MASH cohorts are needed to validate these findings.
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in fish
Authors: Kocerha Jannet , Denslow Nancy D
Published: January 2025

The importance of steroidogenesis is underscored by its vital and conserved functions from higher to lower vertebrate species, such as stress, immune and inflammatory responses, sexual development and reproduction, osmoregulation and even the ability to adapt to the environment and environmental changes. Correspondingly, the rate-limiting step of steroidogenesis mediated by the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein is an ongoing target for scientific investigation. An expanding collection of studies has now reported key similarities, as well as some differences, in the transcriptional and translational regulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein across species. This review will discuss the current understanding of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in fish, as these lower vertebrate models uniquely rely on steroid hormones for osmotic balance, reproductive functions, responses to environmental stimuli and much more.
Didáctica de los Estudios Sociales en la formación inicial docente en educación primaria: el caso de la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Escobar Escamilla Wilman , Sánchez Redondo Esteban de Jesús , Valverde Arrieta Guisella María , Víquez Sequeira Alissa María
Published: January 2025

The present article deals with the conceptual, methodological and evaluation elements related to the didactics of social studies, from the international and local levels. These elements serve as a reference to analyze aspects of the initial teacher training of the Bachelor and Bachelor’s Degree in Elementary Education at the University of Costa Rica, Rodrigo Facio Campus. The aim is to analyze this initial training, determining its approach to the trends in the specific field of Social Studies teaching. To achieve this objective, a mapping of the course programs and the bibliographic analysis of the specific didactics mentioned above are used. It is concluded that there is an important approach of the programmatic proposal of the Elementary Education program of the University of Costa Rica, finding that there are courses that seek a teacher training that allows facing classroom challenges, promoting innovation, and leaving aside traditional teaching models. This does not imply the absence of opportunities for improvement in initial university training in the field of social studies didactics.
Consideraciones del alumnado sobre las acciones de resistencia durante la dictadura chilena desde la dimensión ética del pensamiento histórico
Authors: Soto Yonhson Andrés , Jiménez María Soledad
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this article is to analyze the motivations and relevance attributed by students to the individual and collective resistance actions developed by citizens during the Chilean dictatorship. This is exploratory qualitative research that analyzes 70 responses developed by 35 high school students in a private school in Santiago, Chile. The results show that the participants believe that the historical subjects organized themselves against the dictatorship for general and ahistorical motivations (defense of human rights, loss of fear and desire for change), and they also value and point out that collective citizen actions were the main cause of the fall of the dictatorship commanded by Pinochet. The latter demonstrates the need to complexify and work explicitly and systematically the difficult histories from the ethical dimension of historical thought.
Infrastructure Projects as a Sustainable Tool for Ukraine's Recovery and Development: A Bibliometric Perspective
Authors: Tverezovska Oleksandra , Subačienė Rasa , Hrytsenko Larysa
Published: January 2025

In the current realities of a full-scale war, economic, political, and environmental crises in Ukraine, the issue of post-war recovery and further sustainable economic development is of paramount importance. The path to sustainable recovery depends significantly on the end of the war, successful implementation of infrastructure projects, and continued international support. However, any process should begin with a thorough analysis of its theoretical implications and a comprehensive evaluation of its concept. The aim of the research is to investigate the evolution of research on “infrastructure projects” within the context of sustainable development. Research methods involve bibliometric analysis, data extraction, keyword analysis, network analysis, and data visualization. The article explores the theoretical principles of infrastructure projects as a driver for the sustainable development of Ukraine. Within the scope of this research, a bibliometric analysis of the essence of the terms “infrastructure project” and "sustainable infrastructure project” was conducted. It revealed a dynamic evolution in the scholarly discourse surrounding “infrastructure projects”. While the term “infrastructure project” has been present in academic literature since 1979, a significant surge in research activity is evident from the early 2000s onwards. This surge reflects a growing recognition of the critical role infrastructure plays in economic and social development, alongside the escalating concerns surrounding environmental sustainability and climate change. The emergence and rapid growth of research on “sustainable infrastructure projects” is a notable trend. This indicates a relatively recent but rapidly evolving area of scholarly inquiry, reflecting the increasing emphasis on environmental, social, and economic sustainability in infrastructure development. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the evolving discourse on sustainable infrastructure and its potential role in Ukraine's post-war recovery.
Experimento de establecimiento de macro-líquenes en un área agropecuaria perteneciente a la República Argentina
Authors: Gómez Jonatan , Gollo Maira , García Rocío , García María Eugenia , Kravetz Sebastían , Villagra Elizabeth
Published: January 2025

Los líquenes son utilizados como bioindicadores debido a sus características morfológicas, metabólicas y ecológicas. La relación entre el proceso de colonización de los macro-líquenes y las características de los agroecosistemas ha sido poco explorada. Entre los años 2018 y 2021 se llevó a cabo un experimento donde expusimos placas de madera en diferentes áreas (Ingreso, Agrícola, Tambo y Arroyo) de un agroecosistema y cuantificamos el número de talos establecidos para la totalidad de macro-líquenes y una especie particular, Xanthoria ulophyllodes. En las placas colocadas en el área Tambo, el número promedio de talos por placa, tanto de macrolíquenes totales (120 talos/placa) como para la especie X. fallax (80 talos/placa), fue más del doble de lo registrado para las otras áreas. Estos resultados siguieren que el establecimiento de macro-líquenes en el campo experimental está relacionado a la presencia del Tambo. Este establecimiento es una fuente puntual de compuestos nitrogenados y podría afectar a la composición de la comunidad liquénica y al proceso de colonización en sí mismo.
Why left and right-wing governments fail in Latin America. With a critique to Gabriel Palma.
Authors: Bresser-Pereira Luiz Carlos
Published: January 2025

Since 2019, a new wave of left-wing governments is happening in Latin America, but there is no reason to believe it will be successful. Since 1980, no governments either on the left or on the right have been economically successful. Quasi-stagnation – growing less than the other developing countries and less than the rich countries, falling behind – has been the rule. Gabriel Palma has drafted a recent paper present data and discussing this problem but offered no solution and ignored other Latin American contributions on the subject including New Developmentalism, which has an explication and a solution.
Monstruos, aliens y zombis: figuraciones de la alteridad en clave semiótica
Authors: Arango-Lopera Carlos Andrés , Cruz González María Catalina , Aguilar Rodríguez Daniel
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación explora las representaciones contemporáneas de monstruos, aliens y zombis como manifestaciones del imaginario actual que exploran diferentes formas de alteridad. Inspirado en las ideas de Foucault sobre la otredad, se estudian estas figuras en la cultura popular utilizando la teoría triádica de Peirce para descifrar los posibles mensajes implícitos en estas imágenes. Se examina la esencia primaria del monstruo como una distorsión de la unidad, la naturaleza secundaria del alien como otro ser que refleja aspectos de la condición humana, y la terceridad que representa el zombi al desafiar los límites de lo vivo. Se argumenta que estas representaciones desafían y redefinen nuestra percepción de lo humano, a través de un proceso de exploración y error que caracteriza a la cultura popular, donde los errores desempeñan un papel crucial en la interpretación.
Conflicto ambiental y social de la gobernanza del agua en Bucaramanga: Páramo de Santurbán
Authors: Díaz Álvarez Viviana , González Escobar Carlos Humberto
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo aborda el conflicto ambiental y social de la gobernanza del agua en el ecosistema del páramo de Santurbán en el contexto de la ciudad Bucaramanga. La investigación desarrollada fue de carácter cualitativo, tipo hermenéutica, y tuvo dos fuentes de información: primaria y secundaria. Dentro de la información primaria se realizaron dos entrevistas semiestructuradas y una cartografía social; se tuvo como unidad de análisis a catorce actores sociales y a ocho expertos en el tema. La información secundaria constó de una revisión de información documentada al Plan de Desarrollo de Bucaramanga [PDM], Planes de Ordenación y Manejo de Cuencas Hidrográficas [POMCAS], el Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial [POT], artículos de prensa e informes de gestión hechas por el Concejo de Bucaramanga relacionados con el tema de estudio. Dentro de la investigación se establecieron cuatro categorías: gobernanza del agua, extractivismo como estilo de desarrollo, ordenamiento ambiental del territorio y conflictos socioambientales. Cada una de ellas fue analizada a detalle y contribuyeron a conocer cuáles son los factores que están generando el conflicto ambiental y social en el ecosistema del páramo de Santurbán en el ámbito de la gobernanza del agua en el contexto de la Ciudad de Bucaramanga. Se concluyó que por cada categoría hay problemáticas semejantes y diferentes, muchos de los factores que generan el conflicto ambiental en Bucaramanga y el Páramo, entre esos están: el Estado colombiano, los partidos políticos, los ambientalistas, los ciudadanos de Bucaramanga, los campesinos habitantes del páramo de Santurbán, y la industria minera; cada uno de ellos, están divorciados, y aunque a veces pareciera haber acuerdos, al final prevalecen los intereses privados por encima de los intereses colectivos de los bienes comunes.
AI-Driven Strategic Insights: Enhancing Decision-Making Processes in Business Development
Authors:   College of Business, Lamar University, Texas, USA, Jowarder Rafiul Azim , Jowarder Mohaimenul Islam ,   College of Business, Lamar University, Texas, USA
Published: January 2025

This research explores the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in strategic decision-making
and business development, highlighting its capacity to enhance strategy execution, optimize operations, and foster
innovation through advanced methodologies such as machine learning, predictive analytics, and natural language
processing. By employing a mixed-methods approach that combines deductive and inductive research designs, crosssectional case analysis, and a review of empirical literature, the study underscores AI’s critical role in delivering datadriven insights, accurate forecasting, and robust simulations, positioning it as a cornerstone of competitive advantage in
dynamic global markets. However, key challenges such as ethical concerns, data quality issues, and disparities in
organizational AI readiness are identified, emphasizing the need for robust governance frameworks and
interdisciplinary collaboration to ensure responsible adoption. The findings provide actionable guidance for businesses,
policymakers, and researchers, advocating for the alignment of AI implementation with strategic goals and ethical
standards to harness its full potential for sustainable growth and innovation
Evaluation of Patients with Acute Rheumatic Fever: 13-Year Experience of a Single Center
Authors: İssi Irlayıcı Fatma , Dilber Embiya
Published: January 2025

Background/Aims: Data on the frequency of acute rheumatic fever in Turkey is limited. The study aims to evaluate patients' demographic and clinical characteristics retrospectively followed up with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever in the Eastern Black Sea Region.
Materials and Methods: Demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever in our clinic between January 2005 and December 2017 were evaluated from archival records.
Results: Included in the study were 175 patients with a mean age of 11±3.52 years (26 months–17 years), with a female/male ratio of 1.38. Patients are most frequently presented in February, May and August. Carditis was the most common (80%) major finding, while arthritis was seen in 51.4% and chorea in 16%. Erythema marginatum was present in only one patient. While isolated mitral valve involvement (54.3%) was most common in the patients with carditis, simultaneous mitral and aortic valve involvement was found in 30.7% of the patients, and isolated aortic valve involvement in 10%. Tricuspid regurgitation was seen in three (2.1%) patients with mitral involvement. Recurrence was detected in four (57.1%) of the seven patients who were incompatible with secondary prophylaxis. During clinical follow-up, two patients underwent mitral and aortic valve replacement. No mortality was observed in the patients.
Conclusion: Despite improving socio-economic conditions in Turkiye in recent years, acute rheumatic fever remains a significant health problem for the Eastern Black Sea Region.
Comparing the effectiveness of two culture media techniques in the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection
Authors: Gedikbaş Mete , Sobay Utkan , Eren Mehmet Burtaç , Aşçı Murat
Published: January 2025

Purpose: When infectious diseases are suspected, culture studies ensure the selection of the appropriate antimicrobial treatment and confirm the diagnosis. There are various differences in medium, sample collection technique, enrichment, and evaluation techniques.
Culture sampling makes important contributions to the diagnosis and treatment of prosthetic joint infections, the frequency of which has increased in recent years as a result of the increased rate of arthroplasty.
After evaluating the preoperative and intraoperative criteria together, prosthetic joint infections can be diagnosed in suspected cases without culture positivity.
This study aims to evaluate different culture samplings efficiency for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection.
Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated 946 patients who had been sampled in our department between January 2005 and May 2015. These patients were divided into two groups according to their final diagnoses: group one (prosthetic joint infection) and group two (suspected but non-infected prosthetic joint replacement). Considering patients' final diagnoses, this study aimed to compare the results of the blood culture bottle (BCB) method and the standard sterile fluid culture method.
Results: When cultivated in a blood culture flask, the sensitivity of the culture test was 28.09%, specificity was 95.77%, and accuracy was 58.13%. When cultivated in a solid medium, sensitivity was 10.11%, specificity was 100%, and accuracy was 50%.
Conclusions:When prosthetic joint infection is suspected, BCB usage is a preferable, safer method compared to the standard sterile fluid culture method because it has the power to isolate more bacteria with a higher diagnostic value.
Assessment of the Use of Herbal Supplements and Attitudes of Adults Taking Medication
Authors: Karakaya Rahime Evra
Published: January 2025

Aim: The use of herbal supplements is increasing today, and these products have a significant impact on individuals' health. The aim of this study is to examine the use and reasons for using herbal supplements, as well as to determine individuals' attitudes towards these products.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with individuals aged 19-65 who use medications. A questionnaire containing questions about the participants' demographic characteristics, herbal supplement usage, and attitudes was administered by the researcher through face-to-face interviews.
Results: Of the 274 participants in the study, 10.6% use herbal supplements, with the most preferred products being ginseng, St. John's wort, and garlic (20.7%, 27.6%, and 37.9%, respectively). It was found that individuals who consume alcohol use herbal supplements 3.188 times more, and those who exercise use them 3.470 times more than those who do not (p=0.043, p=0.015, respectively). Most herbal supplement users agreed with the statement, "Herbal supplements can be used immediately when experiencing symptoms related to illness," while most non-users disagreed (p
Fermentation parameters of guinea grass silage (Megathyrsus maximus) cv. BRS Zuri harvested at different times during the day
Authors: Do Amaral Rafael Marzall , Vega-Cabezas Elizabeth Yacsiry , Molina-Santana Dorgeli Selena , Rodrigues-Reis Cristiano Eduardo
Published: January 2025

Este estudio investiga la influencia del horario de cosecha (06:00, 09:00, 12:00, 15:00 y 18:00 horas) sobre la calidad del ensilaje del pasto guinea (Megathyrsus maximus) cv. BRS Zuri. El pasto fue cosechado a los 45 días de edad de rebrote, se picó y almacenó en microsilos de PVC por 45 días. Se evaluaron parámetros de ensilabilidad en el forraje fresco, así como parámetros fermentativos y nutricionales del ensilaje. La concentración de carbohidratos solubles al momento de la cosecha se incrementó de forma lineal en función de la hora y consecuente exposición a la radiación solar, pasando de 1.07 a 2.07% a las 06:00 h y 18:00 h, respectivamente (P=0.001). Los valores más bajos para la pérdida de efluentes, pH y N-NH3 ocurrieron a las 15:00 h, con efectos lineales y cuadráticos significativos (P≤0.05) para las tres variables. El horario de cosecha influenció en forma cuadrática el contenido de MS del ensilaje, obteniendo 17.14% a las 06:00 h y 22.64% de MS a las 15:00 h (P≤0.001). La concentración de proteína bruta fue mayor (13.78%) a las 15:00 h y el menor valor se obtuvo a las 06:00 h (10.37%) (P≤0.05). En las condiciones del estudio, la cosecha del pasto guinea cv. BRS Zuri en horas de la tarde resultó en un ensilaje con mejor calidad en términos sensoriales, fermentativos y nutricionales.
THE EFFECT OF BUSINESS RESCUE’S MORATORIUM ON PROPERTY BELONGING TO THE COMPANY OR IN ITS LAWFUL POSSESSION AND THIRD- PARTY CONTRACTS
Authors: Simphiwe P Phungula
Published: January 2025

The rights of both company and property owner have been a burning issue when a company embarks on business rescue proceedings. This issue has been plagued by difficulties with the interpretation of “moratorium” as found in section 133(1) of the Companies Act 71 of 2008. Property owners who have concluded contracts of lease or instalment sale with a company constantly find themselves in difficult positions when the company commences business rescue proceedings. These difficulties include, inter alia, the business rescue practitioner’s cancelling of agreements between the property owner and the company, and the associated procedure; the failure of the company to pay in accordance with the agreements and the property owners’ recourse/cause of action; and the effect of a moratorium on those properties. This article therefore deals with the competing legal and commercial interests, including rights, of both company and property owners when a company has commenced business rescue proceedings.
The Brainstem Score on Diffusion-weighted Imaging before Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion is a Reliable Predictor for Prognosis: A Comparative Study with Critical Area Perfusion Score on Perfusion MRI
Authors: Seong Junho , Kim Kangwoo , Lee Seungho , Lee Yoonkyung , Yoon Byeol-A , Kim Dae-Hyun , Cha Jae-Kwan
Published: January 2025

Background: This study evaluated the use of brainstem score (BSS) on pre-procedural diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to predict outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in acute basilar artery occlusion (ABAO) patients and compared its predictive effectiveness to the critical area perfusion score (CAPS) on perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using RAPID.Methods: This study focused on ABAO patients who underwent MT after MRI at Dong-A University Hospital from 2013 to 2023. Ischemic lesion volume and DWI BSS were measured for all. For the group that underwent perfusion MRI using RAPID, CAPS were measured. The primary end point was a poor outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin scale [mRS], >2).Results: 71 patients had ABAO and underwent MT after MRI. The poor outcome group (66.2%) had significantly larger ischemic lesion volume and higher DWI BSS compared with the good outcome group. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, DWI BSS (odds ratio, 8.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.93-35.50; p<0.01) was an independent predictor of poor outcomes. In 26 patients, CAPS was measured on perfusion MRI. In this subgroup, poor outcome group (50.0%) had higher DWI BSS and CAPS than the good outcome group. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, DWI BSS remained a valid independent predictor for predicting outcomes, but CAPS did not function as an independent predictor.Conclusion: In this study, the DWI BSS before MT in ABAO patients emerged as a useful imaging marker for predicting post-procedural outcomes. Its predictive ability is not only comparable to but even superior to CAPS on perfusion MRI.
Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy in Patient with MOGAD
Authors: Heo Un-Chang , Kang Sa-Yoon
Published: January 2025

Antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are associated with central nervous system demyelination inclusive of optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. MOG antibody may rarely be associated with peripheral nervous system involvement. A 48-year-old woman presented with demyelinating polyneuropathy. She previously suffered from myelitis and optic neuritis and had diagnosed with MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). Polyneuropathies, combined central and inflammatory neuropathies may be associated with MOGAD and may be immunotherapy responsive. Further studies were needed to elucidate the utility of MOG antibody testing in polyneuropathy.
Kulttuuripolitiikan pitkät linjat ja visiot
Authors: Lohtaja Aleksi , Renko Vappu
Published: January 2025

Mihin suomalainen kulttuuripolitiikka on menossa? Vuosi 2024 jäämieleen kulttuuripoliittisen keskustelun vilkastumisesta. Vuotta leimasivatyhtäältä uuden kulttuuripoliittisen selonteon valmistelu (edeltäväon vuodelta 2011), toisaalta Petteri Orpon hallituksen leikkaukset julkiseenkulttuurirahoitukseen. Leikkaukset aktivoivat taide- ja kulttuuritoimijoitajulkiseen keskusteluun ja toimintaan, josta kertovat esimerkiksi”Sakset seis” -kampanja ja Museoviraston museoiden sulkemistakoskeva ulostulo leikkausten vaikutuksista.
Accurate Digital Organ Models from DICOM v2
Authors: Kimura Takashi
Published: January 2025

This protocol describes the procedure for editing DICOM data to create precise STL-format surface data of organs. Using this method, surface data of organs obtained through auto-segmentation in DICOM viewers such as 3D-Slicer, along with Multi-Planar Reconstruction (MPR) images generated from DICOM data, can be spatially aligned within Blender. By referencing the imaging data, it becomes possible to refine and process the data obtained via auto-segmentation and to create organ data that cannot be captured through auto-segmentation from scratch. As a result, this approach enables the construction of a comprehensive digital dataset of human anatomy that includes all necessary organs.
YOLO V8 Algoritması ile Otomatik Plaka Tanıma ve Görselleştirme Sistemi
Authors: Serttaş Esma , Gül Fatih
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışma ile, belirli bir mesafeye yerleştirilen bir kamera ile YOLO (You Only Look Once) V8 algoritmasını kullanarak aracın üzerindeki plakayı otomatik olarak tanıyan ve görselleştiren bir sistem tasarlanmıştır. YOLO V8, gelişmiş bilgisayarlı görü yeteneklerine sahip olmakla birlikte doğrudan plaka tanıma modeli içermemektedir. Bu çalışma ile güvenlik önlemleri gerektiren alanlarda insan gücünü ve maliyeti en aza indirerek verimli şekilde kullanılabilir bir model önerilmiştir. Plaka veri seti, bilgisayarlı görü modeli ortamı Roboflow kullanılarak oluşturulmuş ve yapay sinir ağı eğitim modeli geliştirilmiştir. Python programlama dili kullanılarak YOLO V8 algoritması ile yapay sinir ağı modeli Karayolları Trafik Yönetmeliğine uygun TR plakalar ile eğitilerek plaka tanıma işlemleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen bu sistemde, açık kaynaklı kütüphaneler olan OpenCV, Time, Random, Numpy, Ultralytics ve EasyOCR kullanılmıştır. Kullanıcı arayüzü için Tkinter kullanılarak plaka tanıma sonuçları görselleştirilmiştir. Sistem tam karşıdan, sağ ve sol yönde 30° içerisinde kalacak şekilde farklı açılardan alınan görüntüler üzerinde test edilmiş ve yüksek doğruluk oranları (%99 @ 25 Epok) elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, trafik yönetimi, otopark sistemleri ve güvenlik uygulamaları gibi çeşitli alanlarda mevcut YOLOV8 tabanlı uygulamalara entegre edilebilir bir çözüm yöntemi önermektedir.
A Discussion on Potential Integration of Quantum Encription with Super Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Efe Ahmet
Published: January 2025

This study delves into the possible integration of super artificial intelligence (SAI) with quantum encryption, a revolutionary technology that harnesses the principles of quantum mechanics to secure sensitive information. While quantum encryption promises unparalleled security through mechanisms like quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum entanglement, it also faces substantial challenges. These include susceptibility to noise, scalability limitations, high implementation costs, and public trust issues. With the advent of quantum computing, traditional encryption methods are becoming increasingly vulnerable, creating an urgent need for quantum-resistant solutions. The study proposes that SAI, when integrated with quantum encryption, has the potential to enhance security, but also introduces novel risks such as security breaches, bias, and transparency issues. By analyzing these risks and benefits, the study aims to develop mitigation strategies to optimize the advantages of this integration. Through a thorough exploration of quantum encryption's conceptual and theoretical foundations, the study examines critical tools, methodologies, and variables, offering insights into future market trends and economic impacts. The research further proposes a function modelling to quantify the success probability of secure key establishment within quantum encryption protocols. Ultimately, this study contributes to advancing the understanding of the risks and opportunities surrounding the fusion of SAI and quantum encryption, providing valuable recommendations for secure and scalable implementation in various industries.
Advanced Android Malware Detection: Merging Deep Learning and XGBoost Techniques
Authors: Kavalcı Yılmaz Esra , Bakır Rezan
Published: January 2025

The increasing importance of Android devices in our lives brings with it the need to secure personal information stored on these devices, such as contact details, documents, location data, and browser data. These devices are often targeted by attacks and malware designed to steal this data. In response, this work takes a novel approach to Android malware detection by integrating deep learning with traditional machine learning algorithms. An extensive experimental study was conducted using the DroidCollector network traffic analysis dataset. Eight different deep learning methods are analysed for malware classification. In the first phase, experiments were conducted on both original and stabilised datasets and the most effective methods were identified. In the second phase, the best performing deep learning methods were combined with XGBoost for classification. This hybrid approach increased classification success by 3-4%. The highest F1 and accuracy values obtained after 150 epochs of training with BiLSTM+XGBoost were 95.12% and 99.33% respectively. These results highlight the superiority of combining deep learning and traditional machine learning techniques over individual models and significantly improve classification accuracy. This integrated method provides a very important strategy for developing high-performance models for various applications.
TÜRKİYE’DE İŞGÜCÜ PİYASASINDA YABANCILARIN YERİ: 2010-2023 YILLARI ARASINDA BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Kabakçı Günay Eylül
Published: January 2025

Yabancıların Türkiye’de işgücü piyasalarındaki yerinin ne olduğu, hangi sektörlerde istihdam edildikleri, hangi şehirlerde işgücü piyasasında daha yoğun bir biçimde yer aldıkları ve çalıştıkları sektörlerin çeşitliliğinin tespiti gelecekte yabancılara yönelik uygulanacak istihdam politikaların çeşitlendirilebilmesi için oldukça önemlidir. Mevcut duruma ve gelecek ihtiyaçlara uygun bir biçimde oluşturulacak bu politikalar, kayıt dışı istihdamın azaltılmasında da rol oynayacaktır. Türkiye’de yabancı olarak tabir edilen kişilerin hukuken birden fazla statüsü vardır. Bunlar mülteci, sığınmacı, göçmen, geçici koruma statüsünde bulunanları ifade etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de işgücü piyasalarında yer alan yabancıların genel görünümünü ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak, Türkiye’de yabancı işgücüne yönelik genel bilgiler verildikten sonra, 2010-2023 yılları arasında Türkiye'de gerçekleşen uluslararası göçler ele alınmış; yabancıların Türkiye’de işgücü piyasalarına katılımına yönelik hukuki düzenlemeler, çalışma izin türleri, 2010-2023 yılları arasında Türkiye’de çalışma iznine sahip yabancıların sayıları, cinsiyet dağılımı, eğitim düzeyleri ve faaliyet gösterdikleri iş kolları araştırılmıştır. Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı bünyesinde faaliyet gösteren göç idaresi başkanlığından alınan veriler çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilen analiz neticesinde çalışmaya konu olan 2010-2023 yılları arasında Türkiye’de yabancıların çalışma izni sayılarının 17 kat arttığı; bu oran içerisinde yoğunluğun Suriyelilere ait olduğu, çalışma izinlerinin eğitim yoğunluğuna bakıldığında ise lise ve üniversite mezuniyeti ağırlıklı olduğu, 2023 yılında ise toplam verilen çalışma izinlerinin %45'inin Suriyelilere verildiği, yabancılar arasında çalışma izin oranının 2023 yılında %72.4 ile erkeklere %27.6 ile kadınlara ait olduğu, inceleme yılları arasında yabancıların faaliyet gösterdiği ilk üç sıradaki ekonomik faaliyet türünün konaklama, ev içi çalışan personelin işverenleri olarak hane halklarının faaliyetleri, eğitim ve toptan ticaret arasında değişkenlik gösterdiği ve yine bu yıllar arasında yabancıların en çok çalışma iznine sahip oldukları ilin ise İstanbul olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda ilgili kurumlar tarafından yabancı iş gücünün büyük şehirlerdeki yoğunluğunun takibi, nitelikli yabancı iş gücünden faydalanılabilecek öncelikli alanların belirlenmesi, sektörlerde var olan ihtiyaçlar dahilinde meslek edindirme kurslarının yabancılar nezdinde yaygınlaştırılması ve varsa ücret dengesizliklerinin giderilmesi adına yabancılara karşı kanun dışı ücret uygulamalarının takibinin sıklaştırılması önerilebilir.
ROMANTISMO E INDUSTRIALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Ferreira Camila de Castro Diniz
Published: January 2025

Análise semiótica do Romantismo a partir da relação entre a escritura poética e a Revolução Industrial. Numa perspectiva vertical, a análise do romantismo brasileiro centra-se em Álvares de Azevedo e Sousândrade que criam uma nova linguagem poética cuja forma, contaminada pelos meios de reprodução técnica, sobretudo a imprensa, explicita um conteúdo bastante crítico em relação à situação sócio-econômico-cultural do Brasil.
History and Memory in the Novels of Gabriela Adamesteanu
Authors: Stantcheva Roumiana L.
Published: January 2025

The present paper analyses the novelistic work of contemporary Romanian writer Gabriela Adamesteanu (born 1942) in the context of the skepticism of historiography regarding the notion of collective memory expressed by Pierre Nora and Reinhart Koselleck. Examples from her six novels highlight the intentional use of historical events as a backdrop for characters’ ideological clashes and for the expression of group beliefs, fictional versions of collective memory. The analysis reveals how the narratological hesitation, the intensive use of dialogues and the semi-direct speech build up the psychological density of the writer’s works. The study shows that Adamesteanu’s thematic polyphony reveals the individual memory of the characters as a testimony of the public memory of separate groups, some of them sharing a more modern worldview, while others preserving traditional stances.
Extract from the Writings of Jean Alexandre Buchon and Spiridon Palauzov: In Search of National Dignity
Authors: Zaimova Raia
Published: January 2025

The paper explores particular aspects of the work of two 19th century historians (Jean-Alexandre Buchon and Spiridon Palauzov). The unifying link between them are the medieval Western European sources, suitable for the unfolding of peculiar theses and subordinated to the requirements of the epoch both in French society and in the Bulgarian pre-liberation period. The writings of French 17th century historian of Byzantium Charles Dufresne Du Cange and the chronicles of the Crusades and the Latin Empire serve as a pretext and a reliable historical basis, expanded and enriched by Jean-Alexandre Buchon (1791–1846) with the purpose of constructing a modern French identity. Devoted to eighteenth-century ideas and the Romantic movement in historiography, Buchon researched and published chronicles and other medieval sources. The conceptual transposition of this documents into a Bulgarian 19th century context proved to be a suitable basis for the Enlightenment search for historical ‘truth’. The case of Spiridon Palauzov (1818–1872), who used the medieval sources published by Buchon, reveals the way in which these documents can be interpreted in favor of the Bulgarian national cause. The union of Tsar Kaloyan (1197–1207) and the antipapal propaganda supported by Palauzov and applied to Bulgarian reality, served him as a verbal defense of Eastern Orthodoxy in search of a path to an independent Bulgarian Church in the 1860s.
Analysis of Flavonoids Structural Genes in Between Chalaza and Microphyll a Mutant Natural Green Cotton Fiber
Authors: Canavar Öner , Gören Hatice Kübra
Published: January 2025

Undesirable coloring pigments in naturally colored fibers can affect their aesthetic and commercial value in the textile industry. In our green cotton breeding program, we identified a gene mutation that causes different colored fibers to form on a single seed. We investigated the expression patterns of flavonoid biosynthesis structural genes to understand the formation of these different colors between the chalazal and microphyll parts of the seed. Significant variations in gene expression levels were observed among the examined flavonoid genes, highlighting the complexity of flavonoid biosynthesis pathways in cotton seeds. In the green fibers on the microphyll part, lower expression levels of enzymes such as 4Cl (4-coumarate: CoA ligase), C4h (cinnamate 4-hydroxylase), F3h (flavone 3-hydroxylase), F3′5′h (flavonoid 3′5′-hydroxylase), Ans (anthocyanidin synthase), Anr (anthocyanidin reductase), and Ufgt (UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase) were identified as potential factors influencing fiber coloration. Conversely, in the white fibers on the chalazal part, the expression levels of Chs (chalcone synthase) and Chı (chalcone isomerase) genes were lower than those in the microphyll part. This low expression is thought to be due to a mutation at the beginning of the phenylalanine pathway, preventing the formation of a green color in the white fibers on the chalazal part together with the low synthesis of the Chı gene. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind these mutations is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate their effects and sustain the textile industry. The findings can inform cotton breeding programs to address unwanted coloration issues through genetic interventions, potentially enhancing the aesthetic and commercial value of naturally colored cotton fibers.
Non-binary Learning: a Series of Design Studios for an Ecofeminist Pedagogy
Authors: Gómez Lobo Noemí , Martín Sánchez Diego
Published: January 2025

Fostering diversity in schools of architecture and urban planning can be achieved not only by improving quotas and establishing much-needed positive actions, but also by preparing curricula, teaching methodologies and themes for learning about how to regenerate more just and inclusive environments that address the dual climate and social crises. The aim of a series of design studios run at different universities in Tokyo between 2020 and 2022 was to re-read the city and its architectures from a gender perspective that challenges binary assumptions and includes an awareness of the more-than-human. This article reviews the theoretical frameworks used in the studios to discuss how an ecofeminist pedagogy can establish cross-scale, multifunctional projects that challenge the assumption of division.
El arte de observar lo cotidiano
Authors: Cireddu Alessandra , Hinojosa Karen , Muxí Martínez Zaida
Published: January 2025

N/A
Behavioral disturbances in Parkinson's disease patients receiving dopaminergic therapy
Authors: Nikitina A. V. , Fedorova Natalia V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Parkinsons disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The most effective therapy for this disease includes dopaminergic drugs that may lead to the development of behavioral disturbances or impulse control disorders. The latter include compulsive buying, gambling addiction, hypersexuality, compulsive overeating, punding (nongoal oriented repetitive activity), and the dopamine dysregulation syndrome.
Objective. To reveal frequency of behavioral disturbances in patients with PD and assess their effect on quality-of-life parameters and activities of daily living in patients and their relatives.
Materials and methods. In order to determine the prevalence of impulse control disorders (ICD), 340 patients with PD were surveyed by completing the QUIPShort questionnaire to detect ICD. Sixty patients with PD with verified ICD (17% of the total number of patients examined) and 20 patients with PD without behavioral disturbances were included in further analysis; a number of specialized tests were used to assess ICD, impulsivity, activities of daily living, quality of life, anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment.
Results. Dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) was found in 8% of patients with PD; punding, in 10%; compulsive overeating, in 6%; hypersexuality, in 5%; compulsive buying, in 4%; and gambling addiction, in 1% of patients. The average parameter of activities of daily living for PD patients with ICD was 60.05 9.76%; quality of life, 67.21 18.54%. These values were significantly lower than those in patients without behavioral disturbances.
Conclusions. ICD is detected in every fifth patient with PD receiving dopaminergic therapy. DDS and punding are diagnosed most frequently. Development of ICD has a significant effect on patients activities of daily living and reduces quality of life both of the patients and their relatives.
Novel approaches to assessing the signs of atherosclerotic plaque instability in the carotid arteries
Authors: Chechetkin Andrey O. , Druina Lyudmila D. , Evdokimenko Anna N. , Gulevskaya Tat'yana S. , Skrylev Sergey I. , Tanashyan Marine M.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Application of contrast agents in vascular untrasonography has become a new direction in noninvasive assessment of signs of atherosclerotic plaque (ASP) instability; the type of plaque neovascularization being the major sign. However, questions regarding the accuracy of the methods for quantitative evaluation of plaque neovascularization are still to be answered.
Objective. To evaluate signs of ASP instability in the carotid arteries according to the contrast-enhanced duplex scanning data and to elaborate our own approach to quantitative evaluation of neovascularization.
Materials and methods. Twenty-six patients with carotid atherosclerosis who had been subjected to carotid endarterectomy (n=27) followed by morphological plaque verification were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent standard duplex scanning and scanning using contrast agent SonoVue.
Results. Neovascularization was revealed in all 27 patients with ASP according to the pathomorphological and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography data. The total number of vessels per cm2 of plaque was 651 [2114/cm2] according to the ultrasonography data and 191224 [236249/cm2] according to the pathomorphological examination. According to the ultrasonography data, the absolute values were close to the density of plaque vessels 30 m in diameter determined during pathomorphological examination and did not differ significantly from this value (p = 0.67). The morphology data show that vessels 20 m in diameter, which constituted up to 96% of all microvessels in ASP, cannot be detected by ultrasonography. In one case, ulceration of the ASP surface was detected only by contrast medium injection. Calcified plaques with different degrees of calcination imposed the greatest difficulties when performing ultrasonic assessment of neovascularization.
Conclusions. Contrast-enhanced untrasonography can be used as an informative method to noninvasively detect signs of ASP instability enabling rather accurate assessment of neovascularization at microvessel diameter 30 m. Calcification of ASPs may significantly affect the study results.