bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Spray-drying Conditions for the Development of Fermented Shrimp Powder Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Barcelon Danilo , Lacasandile Virjo-Anne , Tila Christine Ann , Villaseñor Ma. Dolor
Published: July 2023

Fermented shrimp is a widely used condiment and flavor additive in various local dishes and dips for boiled vegetable products, especially in East and Southeast Asia. Spray-drying of this product offers advantages in ease of transport and storage and may prolong the shelf-life versus traditional packaging in bottles. The study aimed to optimize the spray-drying operating conditions for developing a fermented shrimp powder with acceptable quality using response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD). The study identified the dilution ratio of 1:1 to 1:4 of the fermented shrimp-to-water solution to extract the maximum flavor from the fermented shrimp before the spray-drying process. The effects of the independent variables: inlet temperature (140–180 °C) and feed flow rate (15–35 mL/min) on the response variables: percent yield (%), moisture content (%), and water activity (aw) were studied for the production of spray-dried powder with acceptable quality and maximum flavor of fermented shrimp. Verification experiments were conducted to validate the accuracy of the predictive models. Results showed the optimum operating conditions to produce spray-dried fermented shrimp powders were at an inlet temperature of 180 °C and a feed flow rate of 21.26 mL/min. At optimum spray-drying conditions, the predicted powder yield was 27.77 ± 2.75%, moisture content was 3.84 ± 0.29%, and the water activity was 0.347 ± 0.010. The quadratic models showed that all independent variables have significant (p < 0.05) effects on the response variables. The coefficients of the quadratic model for all combinations of the inlet temperature and feed flow rate have significant (p < 0.05) effects on the percent yield, moisture content, and water activity, as illustrated in the 3D surface and contour plots. The quadratic models predicted the responses, which indicates the suitability of the model for the development of spray-dried fermented shrimp powders with acceptable quality properties. The findings of the study have imparted a valuable understanding of the effects of inlet temperature and feed flow rate on the quality characteristics of the spray-dried fermented shrimp powder. This information will assist the fishery products industry in utilizing the fermented shrimp for powder production, which could help in ease of transport, storage, handling, and prolonging of shelf life compared to the traditional bottled liquid fermented shrimp samples.
Pretreatment Optimization of Corn Stover with Subsequent Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Production
Authors: Perez Nika Anna , Requiso Princess , Alfafara Catalino , Capunitan Jewel , Nayve Fidel Rey , Ventura Jey-R
Published: July 2023

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is considered a potential substitute for conventional, non-biodegradable petroleum-based plastics. However, high production cost has been a major drawback to the commercialization of PHB. The use of low-cost lignocellulosic agricultural residues such as corn stover, together with an effective pretreatment method, can reduce production costs. In this study, optimization of pretreatment methods for corn stover – namely, steam explosion and sequential steam explosion–dilute acid pretreatment – was done to maximize the concentration of reducing sugars in the hydrolysate obtained after enzymatic saccharification. Response surface methodology (RSM)-designed experiments showed that steam explosion temperature had the highest impact on reducing sugar production for both pretreatment methods. Optimum conditions for steam explosion pretreatment were 220.9 °C steam explosion temperature and 11.2 min residence time, yielding a hydrolysate with 9.67 g/L (64.50% yield) of reducing sugars after saccharification. For the sequential pretreatment, 9.14 g/L of reducing sugars (60.93% yield) was produced from the optimum conditions of 224.8 °C steam explosion temperature, 144.2 °C dilute acid temperature, 43.8 min reaction time, and 5% w/v acid concentration. Dilute acid pretreatment significantly decreased the reducing sugar yield after the steam explosion by 5.5%, probably due to the degradation of reducing sugars, making steam explosion sufficient in the pretreatment of corn stover. More importantly, PHB was produced using the hydrolysate from steam-exploded corn stover, with a maximum concentration of 1.81 g/L after 24 h of bacterial fermentation. Therefore, the steam explosion was proven effective in producing sugar-rich hydrolysates from corn stover for PHB production.
Comparative Study on Determination of Critical Minerals in Ni Laterites Using Handheld LIBS, Handheld XRF, and ICP-MS
Authors: Gibaga Cris Reven , Montano Mariel , Samaniego Jessie , Tanciongco Alexandria , Quierrez Rico Neil , Gervasio John Henry , Reyes Rachelle Clien , Peralta Monica Joyce , Catague George
Published: July 2023

Critical minerals (CMs) such as nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) Co, chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) are materials essential to the economy, but the supply is vulnerable to disruption. Ni laterite deposits are considered potential sources of these CMs. In this study, the Ni, Co, Cr, Mn, and Zn contents of 15 Ni laterite samples from Zambales and Surigao were determined using handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (hLIBS) and handheld X-ray fluorescence (hXRF) analyzers. The samples were also analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to compare the handheld analyzers with the established laboratory technique. The two-sided t-tests show no significant differences between the average Ni, Cr, Mn, and Zn results of hLIBS and hXRF with respect to ICP-MS. The average hXRF result of Co significantly differs from ICP-MS, whereas hLIBS has no significant difference from ICP- MS. Therefore, hLIBS and hXRF can be used to determine the Ni, Cr, Mn, and Zn contents in laterites, whereas hLIBS can be utilized to determine the Co values of laterites. Both hLIBS and hXRF analyzers can be for CM exploration of Ni laterite deposits.
Agronomic, Yield, and Yield-related Traits of Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to the Regeneration Plasticity of Ratoon Crop
Authors: Mondejar Cielo Luz , Bello Gerald
Published: July 2023

Grain yield is a complex trait that is determined by direct and indirect traits. To improve grain yield, it is important to determine the relationships between these traits. To further explain the source-sink concept, fifteen genotypes were evaluated to explore not only the variation and association of primary and secondary traits of the main crop but also of the ratoon crop. Above- ground parts are cut at harvest leaving only stubbles and roots as sources of assimilates for the growth and development of ratoon crops. Results of this study indicated significant interactions in the grain yield and dry matter production between the main crop and ratoon crop with opposing tendencies of associations. This information is very useful in developing varieties with the breeding objective of increasing the grain yield potential of the ratoon crop. This may include advancing the grain partitioning in ratoon rice since the low grain yield of the ratoon crop was not the result of limited biomass production but rather a poor translocation and partitioning of assimilates into grains. The ratoon crop yield potential of genotypes identified with good ratooning ability in this study ranged from 1.8–2.4 tons/ha. Halay Palawan, Cuevas, and NSIC Rc216 were identified to have significantly higher ratoon grain yield than the other genotypes evaluated. However, NSIC Rc216, NSIC Rc222, and NSIC Rc480 were the best genotypes if the selection criteria should include shorter crop growth duration. If cultivars with good ratooning ability have similar crop duration and yield potential with the long-maturing varieties, the use of long-maturing varieties may be more practical in taking advantage of the residual water in areas with moisture and climate limitations instead of increasing crop intensity using ratoon strategy.
Evaluation of Geochemical Signature in Soil Sampled from a 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami-stricken Region in Aceh Province Located in the Western Part of Indonesia Using Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) Spectroscopy and Its Compatibility with X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) Measurement
Authors: Mitaphonna R. , Ramli M. , Ismail N. , Idris N.
Published: July 2023

Chemical elements in soil samples collected from the area struck by the massive Indian Ocean tsunami on 26 Dec 2004, were identified using scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to find out potential candidates for the geochemical signature of the 2004 Indian Ocean giant tsunami. All tsunami-affected soils were collected from three areas in Aceh Province, Indonesia, the worst stricken region by the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004. SEM analysis showed that the damaged soil samples exhibited smaller particles and an inhomogeneous particle size distribution, which could be attributed to dissolved chemical element sedimentation after flooding by tsunami saltwater. Moreover, our findings revealed that the tsunami-affected soil samples contain many chemical elements – including marine signatures (Na, Ca, Mg, K, Al, and Si), terrestrial sources (Ti and Fe), and organic components (C and O). Organic elements detected as oxygen (O) dominated those impacted soils from the Aceh region, accounting for more than half of all samples, followed by carbon (C) and silica (Si). Furthermore, the concentration ratio of a series of elements in those impacted soils – namely, Si/Ti, Si/K, and Fe/Ti – demonstrates values that are exclusively different among the various elements evaluated in this work. The distinguishing difference in the concentration ratios of the elements matches well with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurement results. Therefore, the concentration ratios of the elements are good geochemical signatures of marine inundation for identifying the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami soil samples in Aceh Province, Indonesia.
Production of High-maltose Syrup from Selected Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Bran by Enzymatic Method
Authors: Diopol Garry , Elegado Francisco , Castillo-Israel Katherine Ann , Torio Mary Ann , Uy Lawrence Yves
Published: July 2023

Rice bran is an underutilized rice by-product. This study develops a methodology to enzymatically produce high-maltose syrup from rice bran of PSB Rc18. Rice bran liquefaction was conducted sequentially by screening, and optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) to determine the optimum condition for dextrose equivalents (DE). The DE upon liquefaction was affected by α-amylase concentration, rice bran concentration, temperature, and pH. The highest DE of 15.6% was attained by a combination of 30% of rice bran concentration, 0.12% of α-amylase concentration, 80 °C, and pH 5 for 60 min. These optimum conditions of DE acquired in liquefaction were carried over in the saccharification process for maltose conversion of rice bran using RSM. The maltose conversion was affected by DE, temperature, and pH. The saccharification process yielded the highest maltose conversion of 47.78% acquired in combination with 15.6% DE, 335 units of β-amylase, 50 °C, and pH 5 for 24 hr.
Fat Content, Fatty Acid Composition, and Fatty Acid-based Nutritional Indices/Ratios of Egg Yolks from Different Poultry Species and Breeds
Authors: Bondoc Orville , Ramos Ana Rose , Ebron Aldrin
Published: July 2023

The nutritional value of egg yolk in terms of fat content and fatty acid (FA) composition is needed to evaluate their possible effect on human cardiovascular health and disease. This study determined the FA-based nutritional indices/ratios of egg yolks from 29 breeds belonging to seven poultry species (chicken, mallard, quail, Muscovy, guinea fowl, turkey, and ostrich) in a government poultry research station at Tiaong, Quezon, Philippines. At least four pooled samples (each consisting of four egg yolks) per breed were randomly collected and immediately frozen at –20 °C until analyzed for fat content and FA composition by gas chromatography. The major FAs in egg yolk with the highest proportions by weight of total FAs were oleic acid C18:1 n-9 (30.6–43.9%), palmitic acid C16:0 (22.2–54.4%), linoleic acid (LA) C18:2 n-6 (0.4–16.6%), and stearic acid C18:0 (4.0–12.1%). Compared to chicken and quail eggs, the mallard egg yolk seems to have more health benefits because of a lower LA to α-linolenic acid C18:3 n-3 (ALA) ratio (15.70: 1), atherogenicity (0.45), and thrombogenicity (0.91) – as well as higher yolk weight (22.7 g), fat content (31.8%), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) to saturated fatty acids (SFA) ratio (1.73: 1), health-promoting index (2.20), and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio (2.26). Among mallard breeds, the egg yolks from Tsaiya and Pekin were superior to that from Itik-Pinas breeds. Egg yolk from other poultry species generally had lower FA-based nutritional values. Significant breed differences in fat content, FA composition, and nutritional indices/ratio were also reported for egg yolks from chicken, quail, and turkey.
Plant and Other Forest Bioresource Utilization by Local Communities of Northern Negros Natural Park, Negros Island, Philippines
Authors: Dechimo Aragon , Buot Inocencio
Published: July 2023

Ethnobotanical data, a vital component of a thorough examination of a protected area that aids in planning for management efforts and strategies for biodiversity conservation, is rarely employed because of its rarity or absence in Northern Negros Natural Park’s (NNNP) database. This study aims to [1] determine the plant and other forest bioresource utilization of the local communities in NNNP, [2] assess the threats to the park and its biodiversity due to the utilization of bioresources, and [3] evaluate the Institutional Management Regime for NNNP. The data was gathered using focus groups, key informant interviews, and household surveys. For the secondary data, information was also accessed from the Office of the Protected Area Superintendent and local government units. One hundred thirteen (113) species are used for food (26%), ornamental (24%), herbal or medicinal value (19%), construction (12%), commercial (9%), charcoal and fuel wood (8%), and craft (3%) based on data collected from 643 families in the 11 cities and municipalities that make up the protected area. Housing construction, settlement, and the production of annual and non-perennial timber crops were all noted as major threats identified in the park. According to the review of the Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT), the “context” and “planning” components were the strengths of the protected area employing the management rating of 64 and 53.8%, respectively. The Republic Act No. 11038, commonly known as the Expanded National Integrated Protected Area System (ENIPAS), is the sole unambiguous law that governs bioresource harvesting in protected areas. In addition, policies imposed by cooperatives and villages were used to control the usage and harvesting of bioresources. These findings gave us a crucial socioeconomic and institutional understanding of the landscape, preparing us to make interventions and create management plans to deal with problems involving the use of bioresources in the protected area.
Modeling Mineral Scaling in Matalibong Sector of Tiwi Geothermal Field, Albay, Bicol, Philippines
Authors: Reyes Hedrick , Balangue-Tarriela Maria Ines Rosana , Mejorada Arnel , Ejera Vincejet Niño
Published: July 2023

Mineral scaling constitutes a major problem in geothermal fields. It imposes adverse impacts on the performance of the power plant as mineral precipitates and clogs facilities, affecting steam production. This paper identifies the processes leading to the formation of calcite, pyrite, and anhydrite as mineral scales in Well-1 located at the Matalibong sector, one of the production sectors in Tiwi Geothermal Field, Albay, Philippines, using CHIM-XPT (2016). Reconstruction of reservoir water, cooling, adiabatic boiling, fluid-fluid mixing, and isothermal simulations were performed. In addition to established temperature and pressure, fluid flow rate and wellbore geometry (pipe length and wellbore inner diameter) were considered as factors in mineral scale formation. Results of the geochemical modeling showed that the mineral scaling in Well-1 could be a product of adiabatic boiling and cooling of mixed cold spring water and reconstructed reservoir water. Key findings show that at a constant temperature, a boiling event occurs when pressure is reduced due to a lower fluid flow rate with respect to its depth leading to the formation of minerals, specifically anhydrite. Decreasing fluid flow rate also triggers adiabatic boiling. Kinetics can promote adiabatic boiling where pressure changes due to fluid flow rate conditions leading to the formation of mineral scales. With this better understanding of how calcite, pyrite, and anhydrite were formed in Well-1, adiabatic boiling and, thus, the formation of the mineral scales can be avoided or minimized by proper monitoring and control of the fluid flow rate in the well.
Tadek Di E-Sabangan: an Expression of the People of Sabangan’s Cultural Identity and Heritage through Takik and Tallibeng Indigenous Dances
Authors: Talangchey Jessica
Published: July 2023

The indigenous dances of the e-Sabangan were passed down from one generation to the next and have been a part of their culture. A focus group discussion (FGD) with the participants of the study disclosed that the way the e-Sabangan move and communicate with their bodies is an expression of their way of life. This study aims to identify the indigenous dances prevalent in Sabangan, their purposes, representations, and implications to the e-Sabangan’s culture, health, and society in general. This study further aims to promote awareness and encourage the preservation of the e-Sabangan’s cultural heritage. There were 32 participants in this study composed of barangay officials, indigenous people’s mandatory representatives of Applai and Kankanaey indigenous peoples groups, and respected community elders of Sabangan, who have knowledge and understanding of the e-Sabangan’s culture and represent the 15 barangays of the municipality. Free, prior, and informed consent was secured from the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples before the conduct of the study. An FGD and prerecorded video documentation of the indigenous dances studied were utilized. Data were analyzed and interpreted based on thematic analysis. Results revealed that the Takik and Tallibeng dances are performed in various rituals, ceremonies, and occasions that serve essential functions such as community cleansing, thanksgiving, healing, and blessing. Such non-quotidian events are integrated with the e-Sabangan’s cultural practices which remain relevant in contemporary society. Moreover, cultural values are encapsulated in the various aspects of the dance such as the dance steps, attires, musical instruments, and chants. To promote and preserve these dances, it is essential to engage the community’s indigenous dance experts who can properly teach the Takik and Tallibeng to younger generations and encourage schools and institutions to provide an avenue wherein to heighten their interest in the e-Sabangan’s indigenous dances.
Effects of Dynamic Jumping Exercise on Vascular Function, Physical Performance, and Quality of Life in Middle-aged with Prehypertension
Authors: Boonsong Woranon , Nakmareong Saowanee , Donpunha Wanida , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak , Janyacharoen Taweesak
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of home-based dynamic jumping exercise (DJE) in middle-aged with prehypertension. Sedentary individuals were recruited from Banphai district, Khon Kaen, Thailand. Thirty (30) eligible subjects were randomly allocated to the control (CG) and exercise (EX) groups. The CG was instructed about lifestyle modification, and the EX was asked to act like the CG but additionally elongated with DJE program for 8 wk (50 min/day, 3 d/wk at moderate intensity). The primary outcomes were systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). There are four secondary outcomes – including carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST), timed up and go test (TUGT), and quality of life (QOL). After the 8-wk program, the EX significantly improved in all outcomes from baseline (p < 0.001) except TUGT (p = 0.07) and QOL. On the other hand, the environmental domain of QOL significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the CG from baseline. However, significant differences were found in SBP, DBP, FTSST, and TUGT between the groups except for cfPWV (p = 0.06). In conclusion, the DJE program in combination with lifestyle modification was considered a non-pharmacological intervention for controlling blood pressure and improving physical performance in middle-aged adults with prehypertension.
Drug Addiction Among The Male University Students: A Sociological Study of Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur
Authors: Ali Zuhaib , Nadia Agha , Maria Baby
Published: July 2023

Drug addiction among university students is one of the gravest issues it prevails in every part of the globe and disturbs the very fabric of society. Youth take drug due to socio-economic frustration or over-excitement. The aim of this study is to determine social, economic impact of drug addicts and to investigate motivational factors which lead students to use drugs in university. It explores the relationship between drug addiction and socio- economic impacts on the students. 200 male students from Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur were selected and data was collected through purposive sampling. In present study, quantitative approach has been used. According to the findings, students' low socio-economic status is the major cause of drug usage, which also has an influence on their academic performance. The media, parents and university administration may all play critical roles in raising awareness about the risks of drug addiction.
Impact of Institutional Agricultural Credit on Agriculture Sector Growth and Rural Unemployment in Pakistan
Authors: Lakhan Imtiaz Ali , Naseer Zubaidah , Ahmed Rafique
Published: July 2023

This research article studies the impact of credit given by different financial institutions to farmers for agricultural development and its impact on rural unemployment rate covering the data sample from 1990 to 2021. Agriculture sector is the main sector of Pakistan’s economy. It provides employment to 43.7 % of total labor force and its contribution in GDP of Pakistan is 22%. This study analyze the impact of institutional agricultural credit provided by ZTBL, COP and CB, Infrastructure, GDP and total cropped area (TCA) on Rural Unemployment rate and agriculture sector and the impact of rural unemployment rate on agriculture sector growth. For this purpose, time series secondary data from 1990 to 2022 is used. ADF test estimate that RU, ZTBL, COP, CB, INFRA, GDP and TCA is stationary at First difference and AG is stationary at level. To estimate the impact of ZTBL, COP, CB, INFRA, GDP and TCA Toda and Yamamoto Technique is used and find out that all the variables individually as well as jointly has impact on RU. RU has unidirectional causality with CB, INFRA and TCA while the causality of RU with ZTBL, COP and GDP is bi-directional.
La primera información acerca de los Geometridae de la Reserva Natural de Katún, Altái Central, Rusia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Authors: Naydenov A. E. , Yakovlev R. V.
Published: July 2023

Treinta y siete especies de Geometridae fueron citadas para el territorio de la Reserva Natural de Katún.
Contribución al conocimiento del género Corematura Butler, 1876 en Perú, con la relación de una nueva sinonimia (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini, Ctenuchina)
Authors: Grados J. , Ramírez J. J. , Farfán J. , Cerdeña J.
Published: July 2023

El género Corematura Butler, 1876 consta en la actualidad de dos especies, C. chrysogastra (Petry, 1833) y C. postflava Guérin-Menéville, 1844), históricamente confundidas en un solo taxón. Se proporcionan las descripciones de los adultos de ambas especies y sus distribuciones geográficas en Perú: C. chrysogastra se encuentra en el norte de la Amazonía y C. postflava en el sur de la Amazonía. Se mencionan los caracteres diagnósticos que pueden diferenciarlos, fundamentalmente en la genitalia del macho. Se incluye una nueva combinación y nueva sinonimia.
Estados inmaturos de Lepidoptera (LVIII). Morophaga morellus (Duponchel, 1838) en Huelva, España (Lepidoptera: Tineidae, Scardiinae)
Authors: Huertas-Dionisio M.
Published: July 2023

Se describen e ilustran los estados inmaturos de Morophaga morellus (Duponchel, 1838), que vuela en Huelva (España), así como una muestra de las alas, su ciclo biológico y la distribución.
Nuevos registros de Lepidoptera de la Península Ibérica (Insecta: Lepidoptera)
Authors: Lastuvka A. , Lastuvka Z.
Published: July 2023

Se mencionan nuevos registros de Nepticulidae, Prodoxidae, Yponomeutidae, Lypusidae, Coleophoridae, Momphidae y otras 16 familias para Portugal y España. Lampronia rupella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775), Euhyponomeutoides albithoracellus Gaj, 1954, Agnoea nonscriptella Corley, 2014, Coleophora lutipennella (Zeller, 1838), C. laricella (Hübner, [1817]), C. violacea (Ström, 1783) y Mompha conturbatella (Hübner, [1819]) son nuevas para España, Bohemannia pulverosella (Stainton, 1840) es nueva para Portugal. Lampronia rupella, Euhyponomeutoides albithoracellus, Coleophora lutipennella, C. laricella y Mompha conturbatella son nuevas para la Península Ibérica. Se dan otras citas faunísticas para 48 especies (61 citas nuevas en total).
Lepidoptera invernales y nuevos datos de la fauna del Parque Natural de la Serranía de Cuenca (Cuenca, España) (Insecta: Lepidoptera)
Authors: Guerrero J. J. , Garre M. , Rubio R. M. , Ortiz A. S.
Published: July 2023

Se aportan datos sobre la presencia de 23 especies de Lepidoptera de las familias Sesiidae, Drepanidae, Lasiocampidae, Geometridae, Notodontidae y Noctuidae en el Parque Natural de la Serranía de Cuenca, lo que eleva hasta las 759 el número de especies conocidas. Once especies de Geometridae y Noctuidae son nuevas para la provincia de Cuenca. Se confirma la presencia de Leucania loreyi (Duponchel, 1827) y del endemismo ibérico Dyscia distinctaria (A. Bang-Haas, 1910).
Differentiated Learning for Disabilities in Inclusive Class : Learning Groups On Inclusive Class By Using Multiple Strategies
Authors: Hafizah Elma Nur , Alfulaila Noor
Published: July 2023

The inclusive education is an innovation where there are no boundaries for everyone in getting education. But there were some problem, students with special needs still left behind by the others. In this case teacher also having a difficult position, one side they want to achieve the goals but on the other side, they have to teach and learn new thing at the same time to guide student with special needs on their learning process. This research held by using descriptive qualitative approach through interview, observation, documentation and systematic literature review, on this topic through google search engine and field observation we collected data through semi-structured interviews and descriptive observations to teachers and selected students at SDIT Al Firdaus. The results highlight that there are some ways on learning groups that can be applied on inclusive class through multiple strategies that will fit each student’s needs by making learning groups.
Differential Reinforcement Alternative Techniques to Reducing Self-Injury Behaviour in Children with Intellectual Disabilities in SLB Paulus Tomohon
Authors: Aziz Gusty Prayogo , Herlina Herlina , Aprilia Imas Diana
Published: July 2023

The research was conducted on Children with Intellectual disabilities in Paulus Tomohon with self-injury. This research has a purpose to get an overview of the effect the DRA technique to reduce self-injury. The research method used was experimental type SSR design A-B. The subject of this research is a student’s grade 1 junior level. The object in this research is behavior self-injury in frequency. The results showed a positive influence towards children, namely a decrease in self-injury behavior by using the DRA technique in terms of occurrence frequency. Evidence of the success of this study is the percentage overlap is 0%. Another evidence is the trend stability of 62.5%(variable) to 83.3%(stable) and at the mean level at A1 5.25 and B 1.08. concluded: by applying the technique of DRA can reduce self-injury in Children with Intellectual disabilities, by transferring word surprises that the subject really likes.
Family Based Early Intervention Program for Language Development in Child of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Authors: Ekarani Pratiwi Azizah , Aprilia Imas Diana , Rusyani Endang
Published: July 2023

The research is aimed to optimize the development of the language of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with designing program early interventions were given to the family. Subjects in the study this is a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) aged 4 years and the family of the child are. This study uses two research methods, a qualitative descriptive method with a case study research design and a quantitative method with a single subject experimental design (SSR). Procedure execution is doing preparatory research and studies preliminary through interviews, observations, and study documentation. Techniques of collecting the data in the study of this is to analyze the results of interviews, observations and studies documentation that has been done so that the gain profiles of children and families, carry out the preparation of the program, do the implementation of the program and evaluate the results of implementation. Results of the study stated that there is a change in the attitude of the parents and families in understanding the condition of the child, as well as having skills in optimizing development of languages of children attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by applying the program intervention early which has been designed.
Movement Ability Intervention Program’s Development Through Rubber Band for Cerebral Palsy Children
Authors: Suciati Tyas , Homdijah Oom Sitti
Published: July 2023

The study aims to help children with cerebral palsy through a rubber band media intervention program, with a focus on gross motor skill and fine motor skill aspects. This study uses the Mix Method, which combines data from qualitative and quantitative sources. This research was conducted at SLB X Bandung, and the subject was a student with cerebral palsy. The subject has differences in the size of the hands and the shape of the fingers on one hand which causes difficulty in doing anything related to the right hand, including writing and drawing at school. With this the researcher makes the media according to the needs of the subject. Based on the final data, subjects experienced a significant increase in several aspects. However, the stimulus needs to be given beforehand implementing an intervention program, so that it is easier for the subject to remember numbers and make it easier for the subject the subject worked on a movement ability intervention program. Based on the results above, it can be concluded that the intervention program through rubber bands in cerebral palsy can improve movement abilities.
Factors that Affect Students with Learning Disabilities Inability to Master Writing Skills
Authors: Raof Nazatul Raha binti Abdul , Tahar Mohd Mokhtar
Published: July 2023

Writing abilities are intimately tied to sophisticated cognitive abilities, and they provide challenges for both instructors and students during teaching and learning sessions in terms of their jobs and roles. This study's goal is to evaluate a few factors that contribute to students with special educational needs at PPKI's lack of writing proficiency. This concept paper is the result of a library investigation including the gathering of knowledge and academic resources about the role that learning disabilities have been shown to have in student achievement as well as recommendations to help students with special educational needs become more proficient writers. The findings of the library research also indicate that several disability-related characteristics ex occupational therapy approaches. The outcomes of the library research also demonstrate the existence of several disability-related characteristics, including legibility, speed, pausing while writing, and pressure applied to the pencil during writing. Occupational therapy approaches, multisensory techniques, support and collaboration between teachers and parents increase the mastery of writing skills among MBPK are recommended by this study.
Pre-Service Teachers': Analysis and Constraints in Making HOTS-Based Multiple Choice Questions
Authors: Yolida Berti , Marpaung Rini Rita T , Lengkana Dewi
Published: July 2023

Students in pre-service teacher education have difficulty formulating questions, particularly HOTS questions. The purpose of this study was to describe the distribution of questions, the percentage of HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) questions, and the obstacles faced by pre-service teachers in creating HOTS-based questions. The research method uses qualitative methods with descriptive data presentation. The research was conducted at the Biology Education Study Program with a sample of 2020 pre-service teachers, with 57 pre-service teachers selected by purposive sampling. The data source is multiple-choice questions made by pre-service teachers and tested on students in pilot schools in Lampung Province, Indonesia. The results of the study showed that 72.46% of the questions were in the valid category and 18.84% of the HOTS questions were in the low category. The obstacles found were difficulties in compiling questions, especially HOTS questions, difficulties in making homogeneous alternative answers, and distractors.
Storytelling Method using Finger Pool to Improve the Expressive Language Ability of Moderately Independent Students Class II SDN Raharja Tanjungsari
Authors: Farhan Mochamad , Rochyadi Endang , Tarsidi Iding , Novianti Ranti
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this research is to improve the expressive language skills of mentally retarded students in class II SLB Raharja Mandiri using the storytelling method through finger puppet media. This study uses the Mix Methods Research method, which is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The research design carried out in this study was the Exploratory Mixed Methods Research Design, which is a combination research method that combines qualitative and quantitative methods. The experimental method used in this research is Single Subject Research (SSR). Meanwhile, the type of experimental design that will be used in this second stage is the multiple baseline cross-subject type. The use of telling stories using finger puppets is believed to be able to improve expressive language skills with moderate mental retardation.
The Effect of Paper Dolls on Literacy Ability in Elementary Students through Diferrentiation Learning
Authors: Sukasih Sri , Laila Alfi , Cahyaningtyas Andarini Permata , Suratin Tio Hernanda
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of paper dolls as a storytelling medium on literacy skills in elementary school students. Students consider that literacy is not essential, resulting in low interest in reading students and the impact of online learning; parents do not support student literacy, so students' literacy skills still need to be improved. This study uses a quantitative approach with a Pre-Experimental research design with the One Group Pretest Posttest Design type. The population of this research is elementary school students in Pati, Central Java. Data collection techniques using test techniques. The research data was examined through the normality test, homogeneity test, hypothesis testing, and n-gain test. The results showed that the effect of paper dolls as a storytelling medium on elementary school students' literacy skills was significant change. This can be seen from the increase in value after being given treatment in the form of using paper doll media as a storytelling medium which has increased. The lowest score in the pretest data was 40, and in the posttest data, it increased to 47, while the highest score in the pretest data was 67, and in the posttest, it increased to 97. The results of the data normality test obtained the sig value data in the pretest value of 0.102, and the sig value in the posttest value is 0.130 or greater than 0.05. So the data has a normal distribution. The paired sample mean difference test results showed an equal variance assumed value of 0.000. The decision was made based on the significance value; the result was a significance value of 0.000 <0.05, so Ho was rejected, meaning there was a difference in the average score between the pretest and posttest. Suggestions in this study are that students are expected to be able to optimize their literacy abilities.
Concept Paper on the Recommendations for the Improvement of the Operating Guidelines for the Integration Special Education Program in Malaysia
Authors: Zulkifli Zulhafizsyam Bin , Anal Ardzulyna Binti
Published: July 2023

This study aims to improve the operating guidelines of the Special Integration Education Program (PPKI) in Malaysia through qualitative methodology. The problem statement for this study is the insufficient operational guidelines for the Integrated Special Education Program, leading to sub-optimal results for students with special educational needs. Research objectives include identifying key challenges in the implementation of Special Integration Education Program operating guidelines, exploring stakeholders' perspectives on the current system, and developing recommendations to improve Special Integration Education Program operating guidelines. The literature review highlighted previous studies on the subject, emphasizing the need for a more comprehensive approach to the operationalization of Integrated Special Education Programs. The conceptual framework shows how the research will be conducted, using qualitative methods such as semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. The findings are expected to contribute to the improvement of the implementation of the guidelines for the operation of the Integration Special Education Program in Malaysia, which will ultimately benefit students with special education needs.
Post-COVID Syndrome: Impact, Investigation Strategies and New Treatment Methods for Students with Disabilities
Authors: Eliyas Andri , Rochyadi Endang , Aprilia Imas Diana
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected people with disabilities in a number of ways, including the development of post-COVID syndromes. Post-COVID syndrome is a condition that affects individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 but continue to experience a variety of symptoms, such as fatigue, shortness of breath and cognitive impairment. This article examines the impact of post-COVID syndrome on students with disabilities and reveals new investigations and treatment methods for post-COVID syndrome. This study uses the literature review method. This study found that post-COVID syndrome can significantly affect the academic performance and mental health of students with disabilities, requiring a multidisciplinary treatment approach. This article recommends implementing an individualized support plan, including accommodation, mental health services, and physical rehabilitation, to address the unique needs of each student with post-COVID syndrome. It also emphasizes the importance of further research to improve understanding of post-COVID syndromes in people with disabilities.
Development Of A Beginning Reading Program For Slow Learners With Montessori Techniques
Authors: Janah Rahmatul , Aprilia Imas Diana
Published: July 2023

Reading is the basis for mastering various fields of study. Slow learners generally fail to understand basic lessons and concepts in academics, such as reading, writing, mathematics and language. This is because the above processes require a fairly complicated cognition process. So in overcoming obstacles to learning to read at the beginning of slow learners, a reading technique is needed that suits the needs of children. One of the reading techniques that can be used is the Montessori technique which is based on the Montessori method.The objectives of this study are as follows: (1) Knowing the stages of the process of developing an initial reading program for slow learners with Montessori techniques (2) Knowing the feasibility of developing an initial reading program for slow learners with Montessori techniques. The research method used in this study is a mixed research method. The final product of this study resulted in a beginning reading learning program with Montessori techniques consisting of products: (1) initial reading identification and assessment format (2) Learning program plan (3) Guidebook for teachers (4) Student worksheets (5) Module on Montessori reading techniques that have been modified for slow learner children. Based on research findings, data analysis and theoretical discussion, it can be concluded that the application of the beginning reading program in slow learners with Montessori techniques is feasible because it suits the needs of children and is able to improve initial reading skills. This program also helps teachers to know the stages of making individual learning programs for students with special needs.
Entrepreneurial Skills in Career Transition Program among Students with Special Educational Needs (SEN)
Authors: Pit Ramlan , Noah Norasikin binti Mohamad , Nassir Siti Nor Idayu binti Mohd , Razak Nur Izrin Fatin binti Abd , Nor Nor Atmam Nazihah binti Mohamad
Published: July 2023

With today’s increasingly challenging and growing transformation and technology within the world of education, the impact on the education system among students with special educational needs (SEN) with learning problems is no less great. Various initiatives have been set by the ministry for the benefit of students with special educational need's future, such as the expansion of students with special educational need's Career Transition Program. This study aims to discuss the application of entrepreneurial skills in Career Transition Program among students with special educational needs (SEN). This study uses a qualitative approach, which is a method of structured interviews, observations and document analysis. The study sample is a total of four special educational teachers who teach vocational subjects. The findings of this study show that there are four elements of entrepreneurial skills that are applied to students with special educational need, especially with learning disabilities, which are the skills to produce products, the skills to market products, the skills to do business and communicate and the skills to calculate costs. Most individuals with special needs can perform productively if given the knowledge and skills through an appropriate educational program.
Concept Paper on Teachers' Preparedness for Early Detection of Preschool Children's Disabilities
Authors: Zulkefli Norazua binti , Tahar Mohd Mokhtar
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the level of readiness of teachers based on their knowledge, skills and attitudes towards screening techniques among pre-schoolers and identify types of screening conducted by the teachers. The study refers to several recent journals in the form of systematic analysis as studies supporting the issues to be debated in this concept paper. The findings show that teachers do not have sufficient knowledge and skills in screening of pupil of who are at risk of disabilities. This leads to an unhealthy attitude in conducting screening method. The findings also identify the types of screening performed by teachers through the checklist and test adapted from abroad. Ministry of Education (MOE) may take approaches and initiatives to provide courses for teachers on speech and occupational in performing screening. Furthermore, MOE can also place therapist and interventionist officials in schools as one of the steps to realize the initial screening of disability based in the Zero Reject Policy. Positive acceptance from parents affects teachers in implementing the screening of pupil of who are at risk of disabilities. At the same time, reducing the risk of disability and increasing the preschooler’s readiness going to school later.
Evaluation in vitro de l’activité antiproliférative d’une crème à base de beurre de karité et de miel destinée à la prise en charge des plaies cancéreuses
Authors: Zongo Luc , Bayala Bagora , Sombié Charles Bavouma , Traoré Safiatou , Simporé Jacques , Semdé Rasmané
Published: July 2023

Certains types de cancer provoquent des plaies cancéreuses (PCs), créant inéluctablement un inconfort pour les malades et leurs soignants. D’où la nécessité de la recherche de solutions endogènes pour leur traitement dans nos contrées.  En effet, le miel, en plus de ses propriétés pharmacologiques connues, possède une cytotoxicité sélective capable de bloquer les étapes de l’initiation, de la prolifération et de la progression dans la cancérogenèse. C’est pourquoi, il nous semble opportun d’envisager la crème à base de beurre de karité / miel (BkM) comme alternative de l’Efudix 5% crème (EF) dans le traitement des PC. Ainsi, l’objectif principal de la présente étude est d’évaluer in vitro, l’activité antiproliférative de la BkM, de l’EF et du miel sur les cellules cancéreuses HeLa du cancer du col de l’utérus et Du145 du cancer de la prostate en utilisant la méthode Colorimetric MTT assay. Les résultats préliminaires indiquent une diminution de la viabilité cellulaire en fonction de la concentration (mg / mL) de BkM, de 89,17% à 3,39 % des HeLa et de 77,06 % à 0,13 % des Du145 ; de EF, de 64,62 % à 11,97 % des HeLa et de 68,57 % à 10,97 % des Du145 dans l’intervalle de 0,005 mg / mL à 15 mg / mL. À la lumière de ces résultats in vitro, indiquant une supériorité de l’activité antiproliférative de BkM par rapport à celle de EF et au miel assorti de la disponibilité, l’accessibilité financière et l’innocuité du miel et du beurre de karité (Bk), le BkM pourrait être un substitut de l’EF dans le traitement des PCs.