bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Demand Curve for Disaster Recovery Loans
Authors: Collier Benjamin , Ellis Cameron
Published: June 2024

We estimate and trace a credit demand curve for households that recently experienced damage to their homes from a natural disaster. Our administrative data include over one million applicants to a federal recovery loan program for households. We estimate extensive‐margin demand over a large range of interest rates. Our identification strategy exploits 24 natural experiments, leveraging exogenous, time‐based variation in the program's offered interest rate. Interest rates meaningfully affect consumer demand throughout the distribution of rates. On average, a 1 percentage point increase in the interest rate reduces loan take‐up by 26%. We find a large impact of applicants' credit quality on demand and evidence of monthly payment targeting. Using our estimated demand curve and information on program costs, we find that the program generates an average social surplus of $2900 per borrower.
Walras–Bowley Lecture: Market Power and Wage Inequality
Authors: Deb Shubhdeep , Eeckhout Jan , Patel Aseem , Warren Lawrence
Published: June 2024

We propose a theory of how market power affects wage inequality. We ask how goods and labor market power jointly determine the level of wages, the skill premium, and wage inequality. We then use detailed microdata from the U.S. Census Bureau between 1997 and 2016 to estimate the parameters of labor supply, technology, and the market structure. We find that a less competitive market structure lowers the average wage of high‐skilled workers by 11.3%, and of low‐skilled workers by 12.2%, contributes 8.1% to the rise in the skill premium, and accounts for 54.8% of the increase in between‐establishment wage variance.
Seamful Sutures: Gender Exploration and Identity Expression Using Augmented Reality Facial Filters
Authors: Marghitu Stefania , O’Meara Jennifer
Published: June 2024

This paper examines gender performativity and identity as expressed through facial beauty filters, as mainstreamed on dominant social media platforms Instagram and TikTok. It provides a framework for the widespread use of augmented reality (AR) filters on social media, which we theorize in relation to feminist and queer methodologies, as well as screen theories of “seamfulness” and “mechanic sutures.” With reference to studies of selfie culture, social media, and digital beauty norms, as well as illustrative examples of the facial filters’ design and use, we consider idealized forms of cisgender feminine appearance as well as queer and nonbinary forms of identity. Our case studies range from analysis of the viral Bold Glamour makeup filter to custom filters made by musicians Björk and Ariana Grande. We highlight potential benefits to these filters, including their ability to playfully shield the user’s face from a critical gaze, to reduce costs associated with presenting idealized forms of beauty, and to offer nonbinary users liminal media spaces through which to explore self-image. Overall, the paper provides a theoretical model for understanding the widespread use of facial filters on social media and their impact for intersectional gendered dynamics. It also provides important historical and conceptual context to dominant critical discourse that foregrounds their negative impact on women over other potential benefits.
DESIGN A SINGLE SCREW EXTRUDER FOR POLYMER-BASED TISSUE ENGINEERING
Authors: Naser Mohamed A. , Moeaz Wael A. , El-Wakad Mohamed Tarek , Abdo Mohamed S.
Published: June 2024

In the area of tissue engineering, single screw extrusion (SSE) has gained attention due to its versatility and efficiency in fabricating polymer-based scaffolds. Furthermore, advancements such as the implementation of extrusion techniques and the integration of bioactive agents have significantly expanded the capabilities of SSE. This study aims to investigate the configuration of a custom-designed plastic extrusion for tissue engineering, highlighting its potential in fabricating suture technology for various regenerative biomedical applications. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives in SSE technology are discussed, with a focus on the need for additional research to optimize processing parameters, enhance structure bioactivity, and facilitate clinical usage. SSE provides precise regulation of structure morphology, mechanical properties, and porosity, which are critical factors that influence cell behavior and tissue regeneration. Overall, SSE holds great promise as a scalable and cost-effective manufacturing technique for producing polymer-based structures with tailored properties, advancing the field of tissue engineering towards effective clinical solutions. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of a filament extruder production machine that is capable of manufacturing high-quality filament sutures (FS) using thermoplastic materials, specifically bio-protein derived from human serum albumin. The main focus of the paper is to explain the design and operation principles of the filament extruder. The extruder is equipped with a die that can measure a range starting from 2.5 mm and going down to smaller scales. This allows for the extrusion of filaments with a diameter as small as 1.75 mm. Although the design of the extrusion apparatus closely resembles that of commercially available machines, the focus here is on its adaptability and cost-effectiveness for laboratory-scale production. Overall, the research contributes to advancing the understanding of extrusion processing technologies in the context of biomedical applications, with a specific focus on utilizing human serum albumin-derived thermoplastics for manufacturing FS.
Profess*Her
Authors: Saunders Catherine
Published: June 2024

The twentieth and twenty-first century has conveyed a notable increase in the number of Black women joining the professoriate. While triumphant, Black female presence has yielded significant professional and personal hardships for the Black woman. These hardships, often undervalued or dismissed by the institution, silences stories of mistreatment to maintain the illusion of diversity and inclusion. My chapter makes a notable departure from scholarly dialogue on the Black female professor that conceptualizes her trajectory through the looking glass of what Patricia Hill Collins called controlling images in Black Feminist Thought (2000). Instead, my project highlights the unique position of the Black female professor in the academy through a concept I call Profess*Her. The term references the unique, revelatory power of the Black female professor that exposes what is and what must change in order to stride toward true freedom as actualized and encouraged by the academic institution.
A Social-Ecological Model for Racially Diverse Women in Higher Education
Authors: Kincade Lolita L.
Published: June 2024

Systemic and structural inequities have created barriers to the success of women of color in higher education. In the U.S., racially diverse women are underrepresented among faculty and senior leaders, and they experience complex challenges because of their intersectional identities. This chapter builds on a Social-Ecological Model of Support (SEM), designed to guide the development of effective interventions through social environments. There is a focus on the organizational level, which promotes practices and policies that advance diversity and opportunity for racially diverse women in higher education roles. An examination of race and gender-based affirmative action and its effects, to include increased representation of White women as higher education faculty and senior leaders is provided. Also outlined are recommendations to strengthen affirmative action programs in ways that promote diversity, mitigating issues of gendered racism and intersectional discrimination, which compromise recruitment, retention, and advancement of racially diverse women in higher education settings.
Towards Understanding and Application of Learning and Development Theories for Employee Motivation
Authors: Kumah Peace
Published: June 2024

This chapter examines how learning and development theories can be practically applied to enhance employee motivation. The chapter delves into various theories including adult learning, behavioral, cognitive, social learning, experiential learning, human resource development (HRD), and systems theory, and highlights their roles in shaping employee behavior and learning processes. The key constructs, strengths, limitations, and areas of applicability of these theories are discussed, emphasizing their potential to drive individual and organizational growth. By understanding and effectively applying these theories, organizations can design tailored training and development programs that cater to diverse learning needs, foster employee engagement, and promote a positive organizational culture. HR and learning and development professionals need to have a solid grasp of these theories to design training programs that address specific learning needs and promote positive outcomes. By leveraging theoretical frameworks, organizations can cultivate a culture of continuous learning and improve employee engagement and motivation.
Examining the Relationship Between Learning Design and Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Bockelman Jennifer A.
Published: June 2024

This chapter will explore how training and development programs contribute to increased motivation to engage in prosocial organizational behaviors or organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). OCB refers to behaviors outside of an employee's core role that he or she performs for the benefit of an organization or other organizational members. While organizations have a considerable interest in increasing the motivation of employees to exhibit OCB, OCB may not be recognized by an organization's performance measurement system. Research has attempted to define predictors of OCB, such as personality traits, employee attitudes, and leadership behaviors. Potential motivations behind OCB will be explored, as well as adult learning theories that are most likely to promote OCB. In addition, this chapter will provide recommendations for the design of training and development with the goal of encouraging OCB and reducing counterproductive work behaviors (CWB).
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning-Powered Recruitment for Smart Hiring
Authors: Bhanumathi P. , Basu Shayanti , B. Sathish Babu
Published: June 2024

The quality of experience measures the effective recruitment process it creates for an aspirant. The classical hiring approaches are time-consuming and sometimes prove ineffective as the scale of recruitment increases and the time given to execute the recruitment is minimized. Industries are turning towards adopting smart hiring practices by embracing artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms for various tasks in the recruitment process. Replacing human experience with machines to make decisions is the order of the day, and we are finding enough avenues to create the same in management functions to minimize human errors.
Innovative Recruitment Channels
Authors: Singha Surjit , Singha Ranjit , Natal Melita Stephen , Ruben V. Muthu , Haokip Alphonsa Diana
Published: June 2024

Amidst the dynamic realm of talent acquisition, organizations are increasingly adopting inventive approaches propelled by technological progressions and shifts in candidate conduct. Employing social media platforms has evolved into a crucial strategy for engaging, retaining, and attracting top talent. Ethical considerations, data-driven insights, and compliance are critical factors that significantly influence recruitment practices. Emerging virtual job marketplaces provide employers with novel opportunities to network with prospective employees. By embracing digital transformation, leveraging emerging technologies, and prioritizing candidate experience, organizations can remain competitive in attracting and retaining talent in today's dynamic job market.
AI-Based Career Counseling Chatbot for Secondary-Level Students
Authors: Patil Swati , Rathi Snehal Rahul , Shewale Chaitali , Bodakhe Sarvesh , Dusane Chaitravee , Bhoye Niket
Published: June 2024

Making a career selection may be a complex process, and many students struggle to choose a route that fits their interests, skills, and personality. Creating a career path requires careful consideration of these factors, and career coaching done in the old-fashioned manual way is ineffective. This study suggests a paradigm change that would use an AI-driven chatbot career advising system created especially for secondary school pupils. This cutting-edge technology, which uses machine learning, carefully examines users' personalities, interests, and talents in addition to incorporating up-to-date job market data to provide customized career recommendations. Above and beyond simple directions, the chatbot actively assists users in refining their abilities, guaranteeing a smooth transition into the careers of their choice. The ethical aspect of this investigation is essential, as it addresses certain worries and issues related to AI-driven career guidance. User testimonials highlight the system's effectiveness and its critical role in promoting informed career decisions.
Advancing Digital Forensics Education With Generative AI for Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Hussain Naziya , Dankan Gowda V. , Swetha K. R. , Junnarkar Aparna Atul , Kawale Sheetalrani R.
Published: June 2024

The term “forensics” refers to a broad range of activities that involve gathering, analyzing, and presenting evidence that is admissible in a court of law and are intended to investigate potential entities. In particular, network and computer forensics examine a wide range of data in order to find evidence that can be used in court. During the forensic process, the examination and auditing of computer and network data is essential for gathering data, identifying breaches, and presenting legal evidence. In computer and network forensics, evidence relating to cybercrime is identified, acquired, extracted, examined, analyzed, interpreted, documented, and presented using a methodical, scientific approach. The field of network and computer forensics is constantly expanding, and as crimes move beyond computers and into networks, clouds, and social networks, it is essential to stay current with the newest tools and techniques. The goal of this chapter is to study and explore the methods and tools used in network and computer forensics.
The Role of AI in Skilling, Upskilling, and Reskilling the Workforce
Authors: Tariq Muhammad Usman
Published: June 2024

Rapid technical breakthroughs and economic upheavals in the modern labour market require constantly evolving workforce capabilities. This change is sparked by AI, which introduces individualised learning paths and transforms conventional training methods. This study explores how artificial intelligence (AI) uses machine learning algorithms and natural language processing to create personalised training programmes and identify skill gaps.Analysing AI's capacity to deliver customised learning experiences, the abstract probes how AI systems adjust to different learners' preferences for speed, style, and degree of expertise. It explores intelligent tutoring systems, AI-powered recommendation engines, and adaptive learning systems, emphasising their function in selecting tailored information according to student performance and preferences. Case examples from the real world demonstrate how AI can improve worker training programmes in various sectors and how scalable and flexible it can be in huge organisations and small and medium-sized businesses.
Taxing Tomorrow
Authors: Gölçek Ali Gökhan
Published: June 2024

This chapter explores the role of ecological taxation in sustainable development, focusing on Uruguay and Chile's strategies. It discusses “taxing tomorrow,” a concept that emphasizes using fiscal policies to preemptively address sustainability challenges by internalizing environmental costs. The analysis covers eco-fiscal policies like carbon taxes and congestion charges, demonstrating their impact on reducing environmental degradation and promoting sustainable behaviors. By comparing Uruguay and Chile, the chapter highlights how different approaches can reflect specific national contexts and contribute to achieving the United Nations' sustainable development goals (SDGs). This comparative insight underlines the importance of adaptable ecological taxes in global sustainability efforts, offering lessons on integrating these policies into broader economic and environmental strategies.
Assessment of Critical Raw Materials by Addressing Sustainable Development Goals Using Fuzzy MCDM Approach
Authors: Göçmen-Polat Elifcan
Published: June 2024

Critical raw materials (CRMs), constituting the first step of the industry, are vital to meet sustainable development. With increasing digital technology and green transition efforts under the scope of twin transformation, demand for CRMs has increased, and supply interruption is expected in the future. All countries should plan the supply chain of CRMs in the context of the green and digital transition. The sustainable development goals (SDGs) have presented a reference based on sustainability metrics. In the chapter, hesitant-fuzzy analytical hierarchy process-based order preference technique based on similarity to ideal solutions (HF-AHP based TOPSIS) has been developed to evaluate the critical raw materials in the context of sustainability. Most relevant goals with the CRMs are obtained as SDG 1, SDG 3, SDG 5, SDG 6, SDG 7, SDG 8, SDG 9, SDG 11, SDG 17. The findings show how raw materials have important strengths and weaknesses in sustainable development. Policies recommended for the most important CRMs are effective road maps in the context of twin transformation.
Impact of Modern Education on the Indigenous Knowledge System of the Tribal People of Ajodhya Hill, Purulia
Authors: Hazari Tarak Mohan , Bhui Sudip
Published: June 2024

Education is a major topic in sustainable development agendas. Here, indigenous education is an explosive subject. Modern education represents the nation's outlook, which often conflicts with indigenous values. This study investigates the impact of modern education on the indigenous knowledge system of the tribal people residing in Ajodhya Hill, Puruila. Modern education is influencing their ethics, customs, culture, politics, economy, religion, and environment. This study examines the relationship between education and the Santal and Bhumij of the Ajodhya hill of Purulia. This is a descriptive study; the primary data is collected from the six mouza of the study area through personal interviews and focus group discussions. The secondary data are collected through various books, journals, and the internet.
International Higher Education Students' Inclusion and Exclusion as Global Citizens
Authors: Islam Md. Tariqul
Published: June 2024

Physically mobile international students undergo a complex experience and practice responsibilities as global citizens. In this context, numerous studies have expressed the importance of discovering their ways of sensing and engaging with mobile lives in the host society. Following a qualitative research approach, this chapter discusses the experiences of 18 physically mobile Bangladeshi international students in Australian society as global citizens. It portrays young students' economic and moral uncertainties, hopes, and inclusion and exclusion tensions in a neoliberal globalized society that shape their decisions for the present and future mobilities. Universities and other socio-spatial organizations in Australian society and their linkage with others overseas help develop young Bangladeshi students as global citizens as they face the challenges of homesickness, social exclusion, and the cultural and moral issues related to the Australian labor market. Their new identity as global citizens best fits the privatized, individualized, and fast-globalizing world.
Female Participation in Nontraditional Occupation of TVET
Authors: Bagale Shiba , Devkota Shree Prasad
Published: June 2024

The participation of females in non-traditional occupations is the subject of this study. This study aimed to investigate the percentage of women who work in non-traditional fields. The TVET sector has witnessed some profession transition, but it still needs to give more voice to women in non-traditional occupations. There are a number of obstacles and difficulties that women have when entering the workforce or changing careers. Cultural barriers, gender bias, low or unequal salary gaps between men and women, gender stereotypes, and self-efficacy are some obstacles. The study focuses on maintaining the gender gap, the gender-based wage disparity, the transfer of non-occupational skills to the next generation through training and other means, and the involvement of women in leadership roles. Understanding, availability, and social acceptance are essential for women to transition from traditional to non-traditional careers.
Envisioning Inclusivity and Indigeneity in Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Patra Bairagi
Published: June 2024

Education cannot wait, and it's a continuous process; learning is lifelong and indefinite in nature. Emerging education society demands need based education focusing on liberalization and globalization. This chapter proposal elaborates how inclusiveness can be inculcated by reshaping the Education System. It's a pious pledge to prioritize the intervention of quality education and accelerate hunger mitigation in society. Now te Indian education system is changed after implementation of National Education Policy 2020 in India. Reshaping education system is the utmost need of the era by integrating the principal areas like inclusiveness, indigeneity and sustainable development. Inclusivity means a society for all which inculcates the democratic participation and accommodation of the needs and demands of vulnerable and is advantaged groups.
Folklore-Driven Tourism Manifestation
Authors: Seal Manisha , Singh Pramendra , M. B. Shruthi
Published: June 2024

Purpose- This study aims to depict folklore of a study area to be addressed as Kalkulam placed in Tamilnadu state of India as a significant tourist destination. It elucidates folklore as a tool for cultural expression of a region that can be effectively utilized for sustainable development of a local community and promotion of its tourism potential. Design/Methodology- The investigation is based on exploratory and descriptive research approach. Participant observation method was adopted to study folklore of Kalkulam region concerning their manifestation of art forms and experience folklore driven tourism. Findings- The results exhibit folklore as an effective promotional tool to promote cultural tourism in Kalkulam. The study portrays regional culture inheritance through folklore manifested in various arts forms by creating huge impact on tourism promotion and generating means of economic benefits. Originality of Research- The researchers conducted the study by being a part of the community and folklore artists which helped in interpreting this case study.
Community Engagement Through Event Tourism
Authors: John Asha , Tyagi Pankaj Kumar , Nadda Vipin
Published: June 2024

This study examines how event tourism, through community participation, plays a critical role in promoting regenerative tourist growth. Event tourism has shown itself to be a potent tool for advancing sustainable development through the utilization of regional cultural, social, and environmental resources. This study explores how event tourism efforts might act as catalysts for community involvement, empowerment, and collaboration by drawing on an extensive examination of the literature. It clarifies the ways in which event tourism supports the development of regenerative tourism, encompassing cultural preservation, economic revival, and environmental stewardship, by looking at case studies and theoretical frameworks. The paper also examines the importance of stakeholder collaboration, capacity building, and participatory techniques in guaranteeing the sustainability and inclusivity of event tourism programs. Through synthesizing empirical evidence and theoretical insights, this paper offers practical recommendations for policymakers, destination managers, and community stakeholders to harness the potential of event tourism as a tool for fostering regenerative tourism development. Ultimately, it underscores the importance of fostering symbiotic relationships between tourism development, community well-being, and environmental conservation to achieve long-term sustainability and resilience in destination communities.
Voices From Within
Authors: Yadav Suraj Jaywant
Published: June 2024

This study investigates how marginalized populations in India are empowering themselves through sex tourism. Sex tourism is still frowned upon and associated with discomfort, even though it is becoming more and more common in the nation. To identify the underlying problems that sustain the stigma associated with sex tourism, this study intends to explore Indian viewpoints, experiences, and attitudes toward the practice. This study explores Indians' enduring reluctance and discomfort with sex tourism and its effects on the autonomy and empowerment of impacted communities through a qualitative analysis of surveys and interviews with people from a range of social backgrounds. The study provides insights into the benefits and challenges of changing societal perceptions to a more thorough and nuanced understanding of sex tourism and its implications for marginalized groups by looking at these intricate dynamics.
An Exploration of Community-Based Eco-Tourism in Himchal Himalayas
Authors: Kumar Amit , Kumar Anil , Paatlan Sandeep
Published: June 2024

The World Travel and Tourism Council defines the travel and tourism industry as 'The world's largest industry, supporting one in eleven jobs (319 million) and generating one in 10 of GDP (US$7,6 trillion) worldwide'. The travel and tourism industry in India is also creating inroads in every sector at a rapid speed. People who have been experiencing disposable income and are influenced by globalisation are travelling both domestically and internationally. The impact of travel and tourism on the environment is phenomenal. The communities are becoming aware of the power of tourism in supporting conservation and local economic development. Community-based tourism enterprises are being established by local communities who want to tap the opportunity offered by the areas of outstanding and often vulnerable natural and cultural heritage. The present study aims to identify the role and importance of community-based tourism and community involvement in eco-tourism
Reasons for Biodiversity Loss
Authors: Selvakumar P.
Published: June 2024

The worldwide threat to human welfare that is expanding the quickest right now is climate change. Since the current generation is thought to be the last to be able to take meaningful action to lessen its effects, the world must understood how responsible it is. In the event that it fails, human society is probably destined to never recover. Many organizations have stressed that the climate problem is fundamentally unjust, with poorer nations bearing a heavier burden than others. India is one of the nine nations where climate change is said to be having a significant impact. A WHO estimate from 2016 suggested that by 2050, India would account for over 25% of all climate-related deaths worldwide because of dwindling food supplies. China is predicted to see the greatest per-capita mortality rate from food insecurity.
Plantation Methodologies and Strategies
Authors: Bhatt Arun , Rathoure Ashok Kumar
Published: June 2024

Plantation methodologies and strategies play a crucial role in addressing environmental concerns and promoting sustainable development. This article focuses on two specific approaches – avenue plantation and compensatory forestry. Avenue plantation involves the strategic planting of trees along roadways, providing various environmental, social, and aesthetic benefits. Compensatory forestry, on the other hand, is an essential strategy for mitigating the environmental impact of development projects. This chapter explores the methods, advantages, challenges, and environmental implications of these plantation strategies.
Evaluation of posterior femoral condyle depth as an anatomical risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury among Egyptian population
Authors: Sherif Eltregy
Published: June 2024

Background

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of posterior femoral condylar depth on risk of sustaining anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury among the Egyptian population.

Patients and methods

A total of 400 patients (200 ACL ruptured and 200 ACL intact) were included. Morphometric parameters were measured on knee lateral radiographs, with overlapping of the femoral condyles. Radiographic measurements included the posterior femoral condyle offset (PCO) and ratio.

Results

The PCO and ratio showed significant differences between both groups. The receiver-operating characteristic curve revealed that the PCO cutoff value of more than 67.8 was associated with increased ACL injury with 76% sensitivity and 74% specificity.

Conclusions

The data from our study demonstrated that an increase in posterior femoral condyle ratio was associated with an increased prevalence of ACL injuries in Egyptian population. However, further research is needed to determine the distal femur morphology in the Egyptian population and its effect on the risk of primary and secondary ACL injury.

Level of evidence

Level III, case–control study.
Percutaneous osteotomy and simple monolateral frame for treatment of developmental coxa vara
Authors: Ramy Ahmed , Hashem Mohammed H.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Although subtrochanteric valgus osteotomy is considered the standard surgical management of developmental coxa vara, the method of fixation of the osteotomy is still a debate. This study aimed to assess the results and to evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous osteotomy and fixation by monolateral external fixator for the treatment of developmental coxa vara.

Patients and methods

Between December 2017 and February 2020, we conducted a prospective study that involved 10 cases (four females and six males). The patients’ ages at the time of presentation ranged from 4.5 to 12 years with a mean of 6.7 years. All patients underwent percutaneous osteotomy and fixation by a monolateral external fixator. The mean follow-up period was 21 months (range, 14–28 months). Radiological evaluation depended on epiphyseal Hilgenreiner angle and neck-shaft angle, clinical evaluation depended on the IOWA score (it is the hip score of University of IOWA in USA).

Results

There was a significant improvement of the mean values of epiphyseal Hilgenreiner angle (80.6–29.1°), neck-shaft angle (86.9–129°), and IWOA score (58.4–92.2), there was one case of postoperative abductor tightening treated by abductor release and two cases of superficial pin-tract discharge treated by oral antibiotics and all three cases had excellent IOWA score at the last follow-up.

Conclusion

Using percutaneous valgus osteotomy and fixation by monolateral frame provides a reliable, less-invasive, low-cost option for the treatment of developmental coxa vara.
Percutaneous double osteotomy of the first metatarsus for correction of severe hallux valgus deformity
Authors: Ewais Waleed M.
Published: June 2024

Background

The goal of operative treatment of severe hallux valgus (HV) is to offer relief of pain, correction of forefoot deformity, and a biomechanically functional foot. However, the authors are constantly exploring ways of moving from open surgery to minimally invasive techniques, replacing large incisions with small ‘ports’ through which the surgeon works. Percutaneous less-invasive techniques have been successfully used for mild to moderate HV deformities; however, controversy exists for their use in cases with more severe involvement.

Aim

The aim of this prospective study was to assess the clinical and radiological outcomes of a percutaneous minimally invasive technique for the management of severe HV deformity.

Patients and methods

Between July 2013 and June 2015, 36 feet in 24 active patients, comprising 18 female and six male patients, where 12 patients had bilateral involvement, met the selection criteria for symptomatic severe HV deformity and treated by a minimally invasive double metatarsal osteotomy technique. The procedure implied simple transverse-osteotomy, with lateral translation, of the first metatarsus both proximally and distally combined with selective distal soft-tissue dissection. Average patients’ age was 39.8 years. Clinically, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score and the subjective patient satisfaction were evaluated. Radiologically, HV angle, distal metatarsal articular angle, intermetatarsal angle, and joint congruity were measured preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the end of the follow-up period. All data were statistically analyzed.

Results

The mean follow-up period was 21.3 months (range: 18–24 months). Union was achieved in all osteotomies in a mean of 6.67±0.45 weeks. Each radiological and clinical parameter showed a statistically significant improvement (P<0.001), with a negligible first-ray shortening (P=0.547) and a few complications. At the end of follow-up period, no patient was dissatisfied.

Conclusions

Percutaneous double first metatarsal osteotomy technique with selective distal soft-tissue dissection provides a simple, adequate reproducible procedure, and effective alternative for treatment of severe HV deformity in a minimally invasive procedure.
Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis for chronic posttraumatic end-stage ankle arthritis in middle-age adults
Authors: Montaser Mohamed G.
Published: June 2024

Background

The aim of this prospective study was to assess the clinical results of arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis for end-stage ankle arthritis in middle-aged active adults, as an alternative to open ankle arthrodesis based on the hypothesis that arthroscopic technique yields similar or better results but with less complications and shorter hospital stay.

Patients and methods

Between May 2012 and October 2014, this prospective case study was conducted on 19 middle-aged active patients who met the criteria and were followed for at least 2 years. Clinical grading was done at 6 months postoperatively, and final subjective clinical and radiologic assessment was done at least 2 years postoperatively, dividing the results into four groups (excellent, good, fair, and poor).

Results

After an average of 27.5 months of follow-up, 18/19 (94.7%) patients had their arthrodesis united, and 16 (84.2%) of them were satisfied. Three (15.8%) patients were dissatisfied after arthrodesis. Two (10.5%) of them were dissatisfied because of pain despite fusion occurred.

Conclusion

The results of arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis for end-stage ankle arthritis in middle-aged active adults in selected patients were clinically and radiologically satisfactory and could be used as an alternative to open technique but with fewer hazards and complications.
High tibial osteotomies − is it still a reasonable option in treatment of osteoarthritis?
Authors: El-Sayed Amro S.
Published: June 2024

Background

High tibial osteotomies (HTO) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasties are performed for the treatment of isolated unicompartmental osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Before the development of knee arthroplasties, HTO was the most common operative treatment option for knee OA.

Patients and methods

This work was a prospective study on 27 patients with medial compartmental OA who had been admitted to El-Menoufia University Hospital in the period from 2009 to 2013.

Results

The average age of the patients was 43 years. The average opening height of the osteotomy was 10.8 mm. There were no cases of secondary loss of correction. No patients needed to be treated by a secondary autograft because of delayed bone healing. One patient was reoperated a few days after the first intervention because of overcorrection.

Conclusion

Open-wedge HTO with the use of optimal surgical techniques (biplanar metaphyseal osteotomy) and the fixation with the internal plate fixator TomoFix has proved to be successful in treatment of unicompartmental gonarthrosis, even without bone grafts or bone substitute material. The complication rate is small, and full weight-bearing is achieved quickly with good medium-term results.
Surgical treatment of resistant chronic painful heel using endoscopic versus open approaches
Authors: Abouheif Mohamed , Motawea Bahaa
Published: June 2024

Background

Plantar fasciitis has been reported to be the commonest cause of inferior heel pain. Most cases of plantar fasciitis respond to conservative nonsurgical measures. In 5–10% of the cases of plantar fasciitis resistant to conservative treatment, surgery may be required. Plantar fascia release performed by sectioning a part of the fascia via an open or endoscopic procedure has been the mainstay of treatment. This study was conducted to compare the outcome of open versus endoscopic plantar fascia release in cases of chronic resistant heel pain.

Patients and methods

A total of 50 patients with comparable demographics having chronic persistent heel pain that was diagnosed clinically to be due to plantar fasciitis were randomized to either open or endoscopic plantar fascia release. The patients were randomly divided in two groups; each consisted of 25 patients. The open procedures was done through a 3-cm medial incision, whereas the endoscopic procedure was done by the two-portal technique. The patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively using the modified American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Score. In addition, the patient’s overall satisfaction with the procedure, pain level, time taken to return to full activity, and the complication rate were determined.

Results

The postoperative score was significantly better in group I (the endoscopic group) than group II (the open surgery group). Regarding the pain, restoration of the function without imitation was significantly better in the endoscopic group.

Conclusion

Endoscopic plantar fasciotomy is a minimally invasive procedure that entails minimal soft tissue dissection, excellent visualization of the plantar fascia, precision in transecting only the medial one-third of the plantar fascia, and thus minimizing postoperative instability. It also results in minimal postoperative pain, with early return to full weight-bearing status and earlier return to normal activities of daily living.
Fiber functors and reconstruction of Hopf algebras
Authors: Lentner Simon , Mombelli Martín
Published: June 2024

The main objective of the present paper is to present a version of the Tannaka–Krein type reconstruction theorems: if

$F:{\mathcal B}\to {\mathcal C}$

is an exact faithful monoidal functor of tensor categories, one would like to realize

${\mathcal B}$

as category of representations of a braided Hopf algebra

$H(F)$

in

${\mathcal C}$

. We prove that this is the case iff

${\mathcal B}$

has the additional structure of a monoidal

${\mathcal C}$

-module category compatible with F, which equivalently means that F admits a monoidal section. For Hopf algebras, this reduces to a version of the Radford projection theorem. The Hopf algebra is constructed through the relative coend for module categories. We expect this basic result to have a wide range of applications, in particular in the absence of fiber functors, and we give some applications. One particular motivation was the logarithmic Kazhdan–Lusztig conjecture.
Cubic decomposition of a Laguerre–Hahn linear functional I
Authors: Marcellán Francisco , Khalfallah Mohamed
Published: June 2024

The aim of this contribution is to study orthogonal polynomials via cubic decomposition in the framework of the Laguerre–Hahn class. We consider two monic orthogonal polynomial sequences

\{W_{n}\}_{n\geq0}

and

\{P_{n}\}_{n\geq0}

, and we let

w

and

u

be, respectively, the corresponding regular linear functionals such that

W_{3n}(x)=P_{n}(x^{3})

,

n\geq0

. We prove that if either

w

or

u

is a Laguerre–Hahn linear functional, then so is the other one. Based on this result, we deduce a complete analysis of the class

s

of the Laguerre–Hahn linear functional

w

. More precisely, we show that

3s'\leq s\leq3s'+6

, where

s'

is the class of

u

. An illustrative example of class

1

is analyzed.
Outcome measures for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Sedaghat A R , Campbell R G , Douglas R G , Fokkens W J , Hamizan A W , Korban Z R , Lee V S , Macias-Valle L , Romano F R , Snidvongs K , Alsaleh S
Published: June 2024

Background: With the recent proliferation of novel therapeutics for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), there is an immediate need for comprehensive means to assess CRSwNP disease status as well as to determine treatment efficacy. Outcome measures exist in different forms. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) allow patients to provide direct input about their condition that is not possible to obtain in any other way. Common constructs that are measured using PROMs include quality of life or the burden of disease manifestations (e.g., symptom severity). Outcomes may also include the results of objective diagnostic testing/measurement of clinical signs or measured using psychophysical tests. Biomarkers represent an emerging class of outcome measures for CRSwNP and are chosen to directly reflect the active pathophysiologic processes of CRSwNP in the peripheral blood, sinus/polyp tissues, and sinonasal mucus. Methods: Narrative review of the literature, identifying and describing outcome measures that may be used in the evaluation of CRSwNP and for assessment of treatment responses. Results: In this review, we identify many different outcome measures for CRSwNP that fall under the categories of PROM, objective test, psychophysical test or biomarker. We describe the history of each - including seminal studies - and demonstrate the formal validation, psychometric performance, and limitations of each. Conclusions: PROMs, objective tests, psychophysical tests and biomarkers represent different classes of outcome measures that are complementary means of assessing CRSwNP disease status and treatment efficacy. The choice or interpretation of a CRSwNP outcome measure should be undertaken with full knowledge of its formal validation, psychometric performance, and limitations.
Philologie et discours de haine. Pour une lecture des temporalités des vocabulaires hostiles
Authors: Tudurachi Adrian
Published: June 2024

The article aims to consider the possibility of a philological approach to hate vocabulary. Starting from the Victor Klemperer’s critical reception – the known author of a “philological notebook” (1996, 2000a, 2000b) regarding the forms of verbal violence during the Nazi regime – the study examines a model of the “everyday life philology” (Porter J. 2018) and its specific conditions of analysis of temporality in relation to insults and their social destiny. Our main hypothesis, based on Judith Butler (2004) work, is that “hate”, seen from the perspective of historicity and verbal transformations, is not only an inventory of toxic words, but also a resource for subjectivation processes. The article analyzes, as a representative case, the historical uses of a hate word in the Romanian culture between the two Revolutions of 1848 and 1989.
THE EVOLUTION OF NON-DRUG THERAPY FOR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Гринюк В.В.
Published: June 2024

Болезнь Альцгеймера (БА) на  настоящий момент является самой грозной пандемией человечества. По статистике, БА – это шестая причина смерти в США, а среди лиц старше 65 лет – пятая причина смерти. Несмотря на появление возможности ранней диагностики БА, успехи лекарственной терапии этого заболевания довольно скромные. Однако исследования по модификации образа жизни выглядят многообещающими. На фоне физических упражнений, когнитивного тренинга, медитации осознанности и соблюдения диеты у пациентов с умеренными когнитивными нарушениями не  только улучшаются когнитивные функции, но  и  увеличивается объем определенных зон головного мозга. На данный момент выполнено несколько исследований эффективности полимодальной модификации образа жизни, показавших высокую эффективность.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is currently the most dangerous pandemic of humanity. According to statistics, asthma is the sixth cause of death in the United States, and among people over 65 years of age it is the fifth cause of death. Despite the emergence of the possibility of early diagnosis of asthma, drug therapy for this disease has had rather modest success. However, research on lifestyle modification looks very promising. Exercise, cognitive training, mindfulness meditation, and diet not only improve cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment, but also increase the volume of certain areas of the brain. To date, several studies have been carried out on the effectiveness of multimodal lifestyle modification, which have shown high effectiveness.
PHARMACO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ANTICOAGULANTS USED IN THE BURN DEPARTMENT
Authors: Кадысева Э.Р. , Хазиахметова В.Н.
Published: June 2024

Проблема профилактики и лечения тромбозов продолжает оставаться актуальной для современной медицины. Ранняя диагностика тромботической готовности имеет важное практическое значение для первичной и вторичной профилактики. Особую группу пациентов хирургического профиля составляют больные с ожоговой травмой. Данные пациенты, с повреждением кожи и подлежащих тканей, относятся к группе умеренного и высокого риска венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений ввиду изменений состояния системы гемостаза, которые могут проявляться в виде тромботических или геморрагических осложнений. В статье представлен сравнительный анализ эффективности, безопасности и стоимости применения различных антикоагулянтов у пациентов ожогового профиля.

The problem of prevention and treatment of thrombosis continues to be relevant for modern medicine. Early diagnosis of  thrombotic readiness is of great practical importance for primary and secondary prevention. A special group of surgical patients consists of patients with burn injuries. These patients, with damage to the skin and underlying tissues, belong to the group of moderate and high risk of venous thromboembolic complications due to changes in the state of the hemostatic system, which can manifest themselves in the form of thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications. The article presents a comparative analysis of the efficacy, safety and cost of using various anticoagulants in burn patients.
Biological basis for concurrent chemoradiation in head and neck cancer: Timing matters
Authors: Chen Allen M.
Published: June 2024

Given that the addition of cytotoxic chemotherapy to radiation has been shown to improve overall survival and local-regional control for select patients with head and neck cancer, concurrent chemoradiation constitutes a mainstay of treatment. In pre-clinical studies, platinum-based chemotherapy, when delivered concurrently with radiation, is intended to serve as a radio-sensitizer, potentiating the cytotoxic effects of radiation on proliferating squamous cell carcinoma cells. From a biological basis, it is thus advisable that patients begin chemotherapy and radiation as synchronously as possible to optimize the benefits of dual treatment. While most guidelines for concurrent chemoradiation recommend initiating concurrent chemotherapy on day 1 of radiation (with the administration of chemotherapy preceding radiation), the actual clinical practice may vary in the timing and sequencing of these treatments. This is largely because coordination can be challenging from a logisitical and social standpoint, leading to deviations from the standard. Indeed, we recently showed that variations in the timing of how concurrent chemoradiation is delivered are signficiant and may have clinical implications.