bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISLAMIC ECONOMIC CONCEPT AS A SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEMS OF CAPITALIST ECONOMY
Authors: Muslih M Kholid , Indallah Sayyid Muhammad
Published: December 2023

The capitalist economic system according to Karl Marx has shortcomings, according to him there is oppression between classes which causes humans to lose their existence. Then, Karl Marx proposed a solution by introducing a socialist economic system. However, it should be noted that the proposed solution does not concretely solve the existing problems. The concept exists in the theoretical realm and is difficult to implement in real practice. Therefore, an economic system approach is needed that can effectively respond to and address the existing problems. This paper aims to explain the criticism of Karl Marx's concept of alienation as a solution to the capitalist economic system. In compiling this article, the author uses a critical analytical method. The results of this study state that, Karl Marx with the concept of alienation tried to restore human existence caused by conflict between classes in the capitalist economic system. Because, in the capitalist economic system, workers become alienated from work products, the environment, and the nature of their work. The problem in the capitalist economic system is that humans are divided into two parts, namely the owners of capital and the workers who sell their labor to them. Thus, the solution to the oppression of the proletariat over the workers is class liberation or common ownership. However, this is contrary to Islam. Because Karl Marx's idea of alienation is atheistic, contradictory, and unacceptable to common sense. Therefore, Karl Marx's concept of socialist alienation cannot be a solution to the capitalist economic system.
Effects of dormancy on seeds treatment germination of Beta macrocarpa achene
Authors: Othman Ahlem Ben , Mansour Rim Ben , Wannes Wissem Aidi , Rguez Safa , Dakhlaoui Sarra , Frouja Olfa , Msaada Kamel , Tounsi Moufida Saidani , Labidi Nehla
Published: December 2023

Beta macrocarpa, Guss is an interesting species showing very low germination rates. The leading objectives of this work were to investigate the dormancy mechanism and to find methods to break dormancy in order to achieve rapid, uniform and high germination. Macro and micro-morphologic analyses were performed by stereo microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed two fruit coats. The yellow external coat or persistent perianth coat (PPC) was accrescent with 5 erect segments contiguous to the operculum of the seed capsule. This coat forms spongy layers (50 to 300 µm thick) that could be eliminated manually. The narrow internal coat or pericarp or achene coat (AC) forms woody joined seed capsules, each presenting a pressed operculum that cannot be manually opened. This coat was not adherent to seeds and was composed of compressed cells (50 to 200 µm thick) which form pockets for salt cristal. Seeds were lentiform (1 to 2 mm diameter and 0.5 to 0.8 mm thick) and highly fragile. The embryo was whitish surrounded peripherally by the perisperm with two highly developed cotyledons and radical. Polyphenol concentrations in both coats showed that after 4 months of collection, total polyphenol concentrations were 4-fold higher in the pericarp than in the persistent perianth. However, after one year, this parameter decreases significantly in the pericarp, whereas, it increases to a larger extent in the perianth. Different germination tests indicated that the pericarp provides a chemical and a physical resistance to seed germination during the first 4 months of the experiment after collection. The chemical dormancy was released to higher levels of total polyphenol compounds that inhibited seed germination and seedling growth. However, the physical dormancy was associated with the hardness of this intern coat which caused a mechanical resistance to radicle emergence. After one year of storage, total polyphenol pericarp concentration decreased notably, and chemical resistance disappeared, whereas the physical one persisted. Consequently, one year of storage pericarp removal is sufficient to break this exogenous dormancy.
Intramuscular but not nebulized administration of a mRNA vaccine against Rhodococcus equi stimulated humoral immune responses in neonatal foals
Authors: Legere Rebecca M. , Poveda Cristina , Ott Jeannine A. , Bray Jocelyne M. , Villafone Emma G. , Silveira Bibiana Petri da , Kahn Susanne K. , Martin Cameron L. , Mancino Chiara , Taraballi Francesca , Criscitiello Michael F. , Berghman Luc , Bordin Angela I. , Pollet Jeroen , Cohen Noah D.
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

Design and evaluate immune responses of neonatal foals to a mRNA vaccine expressing the virulence-associated protein A (VapA) of Rhodococcus equi.

ANIMALS

Cultured primary equine respiratory tract cells; Serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 30 healthy Quarter Horse foals.

METHODS

VapA expression was evaluated by western immunoblot in cultured equine bronchial cells transfected with 4 mRNA constructs encoding VapA. The mRNA construct with greatest expression was used to immunize foals at ages 2 and 21 days in 5 groups: (1) 300 μg nebulized mRNA (n = 6); (2) 600 μg nebulized mRNA (n = 4); (3) 300 μg mRNA administered intramuscularly (IM) (n = 5); (4) 300 μg VapA IM (positive controls; n = 6); or (5) nebulized water (negative controls; n = 6). Serum, BALF, and PBMCs were collected at ages 3, 22, and 35 days and tested for relative anti-VapA IgG1, IgG4/7, and IgA activities using ELISA and cell-mediated immunity by ELISpot.

RESULTS

As formulated, nebulized mRNA was not immunogenic. However, a significant increase in anti-VapA IgG4/7 activity (P < .05) was noted exclusively in foals immunized IM with VapA mRNA by age 35 days. The proportion of foals with anti-VapA IgG1 activity > 30% of positive control differed significantly (P = .0441) between negative controls (50%; 3/6), IM mRNA foals (100%; 5/5), and IM VapA (100%; 6/6) groups. Natural exposure to virulent R equi was immunogenic in some negative control foals.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Further evaluation of the immunogenicity and efficacy of IM mRNA encoding VapA in foals is warranted.
Resilience in virtual education: Designing and validating a scale in higher education
Authors: Ghanizadeh Afsaneh , Yazdi Maryam Majidi
Published: December 2023

Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) equips learners in all settings with the knowledge, skills, attributes, and visions essential for coping with the diverse challenges they will encounter in their educational endeavors. The emergence of COVID-19 influenced different aspects of human life including education. Thanks to technology, especially ICT, Virtual Education (VE) provides the opportunity to continue education in such crises. Amidst this pandemic, many students, especially university students, encountered various challenges and impediments that resulted from VE. One of the factors which can affect VE is learners’ resilience. Therefore, it is of high importance to measure university students’ Resilience in Virtual Education (RVE) to recognize the advantages and disadvantages of this type of education and support ESD. The main purpose of this study is to design and validate a comprehensive instrument for measuring university students’ RVE. Furthermore, to confirm the validity and reliability of the instrument, its nexus with a closely related construct, i.e., second language (L2) buoyancy was explored. To measure students’ RVE, a new scale (RVE Scale), comprising 33 items, was designed. It was designed based on the operational definition of academic resilience and was adapted to accommodate the requirements of VE. It measures six aspects of learners’ resilience: emotional, motivational, cognitive, metacognitive, persistence, and sociability. To measure L2 buoyancy, a relevant scale designed by Jahedizadeh et al. (2019) was utilized. It consists of 27 items with four factors; the factors include sustainability, regularity adaptation, positive personal eligibility, and positive acceptance of academic life. A total of 412 university students participated in the present research. The results obtained via Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) substantiated the validity of the newly designed scale and all the factors and items. The results attested to the criterion-related validity of the scale.
Design of Geotextile Reinforced Gravel Roads Using Giroud and Han Approach for Indian Condition
Authors: Dheiveekan Jayalakshmi , Bhosale S.S.
Published: December 2023

Sustainable pavement is the need of the hour using the mechanistic and robust pavement design approach, eliminating empiricism in the present IRC SP 72-2015 design guidelines, if any. Giroud and Han (2004) (GH) approach has confirmed existing empiricism in IRC SP 72-2015 design guidelines and permits the use of locally available material, thus saving transportation costs and reducing air pollution. IRC SP 72 – 2015 recommends design thickness only for the unreinforced condition in gravel roads for the maximum rut of 50mm. This paper presents the comparative study of an unreinforced and geotextile-reinforced gravel road design for Indian conditions with the rut as a vital design parameter using the GH method for subgrade classes with 2% to 5% CBR and the maximum traffic count of 100,000. The proposed unique equation provides Allowable Rut Depth (ARD) based aggregate thickness for 10,000 to 100,000 traffic count apart from simplifying the complex procedure of the GH approach for IRC SP 72-2015 data. The unique equation’s result reveals an increase of 22.65% in aggregate thickness is attributed to the increase in ARD of 30mm using locally available poor aggregates. This confirms the practical relevance of ARD in pavement design that may help in planning maintenance programs and road rehabilitation strategies. The results obtained from the unique equation match 85 to 100% with GH results. Saving up to 36.5% to 76.9% of costly aggregate is found in the case of geotextile-reinforced gravel roads in Indian conditions.
Developing Industry 5.0 To Effectively Harness Production Capacities
Authors: Górny Adam
Published: December 2023

The dynamic evolution of the economy and the evolving demands necessitating adaptability are primary catalysts for the emergence of Industry 5.0 which, building on the foundations of Industry 4.0, is oriented towards meeting human needs and expectations while ensuring the responsible functioning of the workforce. This is particularly salient in sectors experiencing rapid advancements in manufacturing concepts, characterized by the integration of advanced IT, information and data utilization, automation, and the deployment of collaborative robots, often referred to as “cobots”. The study outlines the key prerequisites concerning the development and operation of Industry 5.0, as specified in European Union guidelines, and evident in research literature. Three critical facets pertinent to the effective implementation of Industry 5.0 are extensively addressed, encompassing the imperative to effectively cater to human-related requisites and highlighting the potential benefits therein. The paper offers an overview of openly accessible, previously published materials on the subject. The author’s examination encompasses studies regarded as milestones, which build on the foundations of Industry 4.0 to advance the conceptual framework of Industry 5.0. Rather than centering on statistical analysis, this research attempts to explore relationships that warrant further in-depth investigation to ascertain existing correlations. The paper seeks to outline factors to be considered in the course of implementing Industry 5.0. Its conclusions may be of use in supporting people responsible for organizational development and specifically in helping them to identify potential issues so as to give their organization an edge in the global competitive environment.
The New Role of the European Commission in the EU’s Security and Defence Architecture: entrepreneurship, crisis and integration
Authors:   , Håkansson Calle
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the European Union (EU) has strengthened its foreign, security and defence policy in a remarkable way. Several new supranational security and defence initiatives have been launched and implemented, which have given the European Commission a new and central role in European security and defence policy. These swift developments are puzzling, since foreign policy and security and defence policy have long been understood as the ‘last bastions of sovereignty’ for EU member states and have thus been regarded as the least-likely cases for supranational integration. This thesis shows how the Commission has been the central driver behind these changes; it does so by conducting three focused case studies/articles to explore and explain the evolution of a new and enhanced role for the European Commission in EU security and defence cooperation during the period 2014–2023. By researching the establishment of the European Defence Fund, the EU Military Mobility project and the new policies and initiatives developed after Russia’s full-scale war of aggression against Ukraine in 2022, this dissertation analyses new competences for the European Commission within EU security and defence policy. This dissertation conceptually and analytically builds on diverse strands of integration literature, drawing on neofunctionalism, the Commission’s policy entrepreneurship and agenda setting, and crisis pressure to retrace in detail these three important empirical processes. The main contribution of this dissertation is to show how the European Commission’s initiatives and strategies have been indispensable in the strengthening of EU integration within security and defence.
Ética e integridade na investigação e na formação:
Authors: Pedro Ana Paula da Silveira Simões
Published: December 2023

Este artigo objetiva discutir o papel que a ética e a integridade científica desempenham no processo de formação do investigador em Portugal. Após analisar o caminho percorrido pelas instituições do ensino superior através da criação de Códigos de Ética e de Conduta como medidas preventivas que visam promover a integridade académica e científica, a discussão desta temática centra-se no facto de ela não se limitar aos aspetos normativos que regulam a atividade científica. Conclui-se, que esta dimensão deve ser complementada com uma oferta formativa no âmbito da ética na investigação destinada a todos os investigadores que valorize, entre outros aspetos, o exercício de uma reflexão filosófica de cariz ético-valorativo da integridade científica e académica presente nos conteúdos de formação.
Entomotoxicity of ZnO NPs synthesized using Clausena anisata Hook.f. ex Benth(ulmaayii) leaf extract against maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Mostch (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Gindaba Adugna , Negeri Mulugeta , Saka Abel
Published: December 2023

The application of leaf extract to synthesize nanoparticles has been taken as a green method. In this study, the potential for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from Clausena anisata Hook.f. ex Benth. leaf extract was investigated. The source of zinc was zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2.6H2O). The characterization study was done by Ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The crystalline shape of nanoparticles is disclosed inside the XRD result, morphology is confirmed through SEM effects, and consequently, the ZnO NPs scale was predicted. ZnO NPs were synthesized to work against Sitophilus zeamais adults. A mortality count was carried out in 14 days and all the 3 dosages (0.2 g, 0.4 g and 0.6 g) were effective in killing S. zeamais. F1 progeny emergence was highly reduced in comparison to untreated control. Maize seeds were successfully germinated after treatment application with ZnO NPs.
Aproximaciones a la praxis desde una perspectiva latinoamericana
Authors: Núñez Rodríguez Carlos Juan
Published: December 2023

América Latina enfrenta un proceso histórico, económico y político que exige la transformación del Estado, ello después de siglos de imposición del liberalismo y de décadas de imposición del neoliberalismo; tanto el pensamiento y las instituciones liberales han mostrado sus límites, deficiencias y efectos negativos, como el neoliberalismo ha llevado a varias crisis económicas, políticas y sociales en diversos países del continente. Es decir, que los ciudadanos y ciudadanas, la población, los pueblos, las culturas, las civilizaciones, las etnias y las naciones han cobrado conciencia de ello, por lo que se han organizado para explicar, comprender y transformar al Estado. Ahora bien, dicha transformación se da desde un conjunto de praxis producto de la reflexión, teorización, explicación y comprensión del mundo que lleva a plantear el sentido de la práctica de transformación consciente o de la práctica revolucionario, también consciente. La conjunción de la teorización y de la práctica consciente llevan a conformar una praxis transformadora o revolucionaria. En este artículo para explicar la praxis y las derivas que ha ido adquiriendo en América Latina se aborda el trabajo de un conjunto de autores que han producido su obra teórica desde América Latina, además del análisis de la praxis del Ejército de Liberación Nacional (EZLN).
Prediksi Menggunakan Model Fuzzy Time Series Studi Kasus Curah Hujan di Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Prasetyo Huda Rizky , Palupi Irma , Wahyudi Bambang Ari
Published: December 2023

Hujan dapat menimbulkan bencana apabila terjadi secara terus menerus, hujan tersebut tentunya memiliki curah hujan yang tinggi dan dapat diprediksi dengan beberapa metode. Presipitasi total merupakan salah satu faktor iklim yang dapat mengindikasikan akumulasi air hujan di atas batas aman. Model time series merupakan salah satu metode yang tepat untuk memprediksi curah hujan, karena memungkinkan untuk dapat menangkap pola musiman pada curah hujan. Pada penelitian ini, prediksi curah hujan di Kabupaten Bandung dilakukan dengan menggunakan model fuzzy time-series. Model fuzzy time series didasarkan pada logika fuzzy dan digunakan untuk menangani ketidakpastian dan ketidakjelasan yang melekat pada data cuaca. Model deret waktu fuzzy menggunakan konsep logika fuzzy untuk menangani ketidakpastian dan ketidaktepatan data deret waktu. Dataset curah hujan lokasi Kabupaten Bandung yang diperoleh dari ERA 5 tahun 1978-2020, akan digunakan sebagai data latih untuk membangun model dan pengujian. Kemudian hasil prediksi dibandingkan dengan hasil yang diperoleh dari model SARIMA. Perbandingan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa model deret waktu fuzzy merupakan pendekatan yang menjanjikan untuk meramalkan curah hujan karena menghasilkan skor kesalahan yang lebih kecil dari pada hasil prediksi dengan model SARIMA.
Pembangunan Knowledge Graph dan Sistem Rekomendasi Film dengan GP 2
Authors: Zanzabila Rayhan , Wulandari Gia Septiana , Ummah Izzatul
Published: December 2023

Film, sebagai salah satu jenis hiburan yang banyak diminati, saat ini sudah berlimpah banyaknya. Setiap orang memiliki pendapat yang berbeda terhadap film-film tersebut. Sistem rekomendasi dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memberikan rekomendasi film yang terpersonalisasi untuk tiap orang, sehingga setiap orang dapat mudah memilih film yang akan mereka tonton. Saat ini sudah banyak sistem rekomendasi film yang digunakan. Metode yang digunakan pun bervariasi, seperti dengan sentiment analysis, collaborative filtering, atau dengan pembangunan knowledge graph. Namun, sistem rekomendasi film dengan knowledge graph yang sudah dilakukan sampai saat ini belum ada yang menggunakan GP 2. GP 2 adalah bahasa pemrograman yang mempunyai tingkat komputabilitas yang tinggi dan dapat divisualisasikan dengan mudah. Pada penelitian ini, sistem rekomendasi dibangun dengan GP 2. Secara umum, sistem yang dibangun memberi rekomendasi berdasarkan dua hal, yaitu kemiripan preferensi antar user dan nilai rata-rata suatu film. Dari empat skema rekomendasi yang dibangun, dua di antaranya memberikan akurasi terbaik, yaitu 71%. Namun, salah satunya membutuhkan waktu eksekusi yang jauh lebih singkat dari skema lainnya.
Molecular mechanisms of phosphoester bond formation in abiotic conditions with reactive neural network potentials
Authors: Benayad Zakarya , David Rolf , Stirnemann Guillaume
Published: December 2023

RNA is likely to be the first biomolecule to have appeared during evolution, but the abiotic synthesis of long oligonucleotides through phosphoester bond formation is an unsolved problem. Because the uncatalyzed reaction is extremely slow, experimental studies bring limited and indirect information on the molecular mechanism, the nature of which remains debated. We solve this issue by using neural network potentials systematically trained to explore, with enhanced sampling strategies, the chemical phase space for such complex reaction involving several proton transfers and exchanges of heavy atoms in explicit solvent, with quantum accuracy but moderate computational cost. A dissociative mechanism is thermodynamically favored over an associative one, with the formation of a metaphosphate transition state and direct participation of water solvent molecules. These observations rationalize unexplained experimental results and the temperature-dependence of the reaction rate, and they pave the way for the design of more efficient abiotic catalysts and activating groups.
Race to the bottom: Bayesian optimisation for chemical problems
Authors: Wu Yifan , Walsh Aron , Ganose Alex
Published: December 2023

What is the minimum number of experiments, or calculations, required to find an optimal solution? Relevant chemical problems range from identifying a compound with target functionality within a given phase space to controlling materials synthesis and device fabrication conditions. A common feature in this application domain is that both the dimensionality of the problems and the cost of evaluations are high. The selection of an appropriate optimisation technique is key, with standard choices including iterative (e.g. steepest descent) and heuristic (e.g. simulated annealing) approaches, which are complemented by a new generation of statistical machine learning methods. Here we pay attention to progress in Bayesian optimisation. We highlight recent success cases and discuss the challenges of using machine learning with automated research workflows that produce small and noisy data sets. Finally, we outline opportunities for developments in hybrid algorithms for robust and efficient searches.
Object-detecting deep learning for mechanism discernment in multi-redox cyclic voltammograms
Authors: Hoar Benjamin , Zhang Weitong , Chen Yuanzhou , Sun Jingwen , Sheng Hongyuan , Zhang Yucheng , Yang Jenny , Costentin Cyrille , Gu Quanquan , Liu Chong
Published: December 2023

In electrochemical analysis, mechanism assignment is fundamental to understanding the chemistry of a system. The detection and classification of electrochemical mechanisms in cyclic voltammetry set the foundation for subsequent quantitative evaluation and practical application, but are often based on relatively subjective visual analyses. Deep-learning (DL) techniques provide an alternative, automated means that can support experimentalists in mechanism assignment. Herein, we present a custom architecture based on Faster R-CNN (Regional Convolutional Neural Network), dubbed as EchemNet, capable of assigning both voltage windows and mechanism classes to electrochemical events within multi-redox cyclic voltammograms. The developed technique detects over 96% of all electrochemical events in simulated testing data and shows a classification accuracy of up to 97.2% on redox events with 8 known mechanisms. Further, the overall inference F1 score, a combined measure of accuracy and sensitivity in statistical analysis, achieves 0.937, relaying high reliability for detecting and classifying all electrochemical events within complicated voltammograms. This newly developed DL model, the first of its kind, proves the feasibility of redox-event detection and electrochemical mechanism classification with minimal a priori knowledge. The DL model will augment human researchers’ productivity and constitute a critical component in a general-purpose autonomous electrochemistry laboratory
Water-Soluble Self-Assembled Molecular Cage and Two-Dimensional Framework through Flexibility Adjustment of the Precursors
Authors: Fang Hui , Liu Hui , Wang Hui , Qiu Wenqi , Jia Xu , Zhao Xin , Sun Ruyi , Zhao Yingjie
Published: December 2023

The diversified self-assembly in water is a versatile and significant phenomenon with far-reaching implications in materials science, medicine, biotechnology, and various other fields. Through subtle tailoring in the amphipathic molecular structures, two completely different self-assembly behaviors in water were obtained. The precursors M1-X (X= I- or Cl-) with rigid and shorter bridges between the hydrophobic core and the hydrophilic edge form 2D framework structures, while precursor M2-I molecule with flexible vinyl bridges gives 3D cube-like supramolecular cages. Notbatly, all the single crystals of the assem-blies were obtained. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis provided unambiguous evidence of the 2D framework and cube-like structures.
On the performance of second-order approximate coupled-cluster singles and doubles methods for non-valence anions
Authors: Paran Garrette Pauley , Utku Cansu , Jagau Thomas
Published: December 2023

We investigate the capability of several variants of the second-order approximate coupled-cluster singles and doubles (CC2) method to describe dipole-bound, quadrupole-bound, and correlationbound molecular anions. The binding energy of anions formed by electron attachment to closed-shell molecules is computed using the electron attachment variant of CC2 (EA-CC2), whereas anions with a closed-shell ground state are treated with the standard CC2 method that preserves the number of particles. We find that EA-CC2 captures the binding energies of dipole-bound radical anions quite well, whereas results for other types of non-valence anions are less reliable. We also test the performance of semi-empirical spin-scaling factors for all types of non-valence anions and observe that the spin-scaled CC2 variants generally do not provide more accurate binding energies for dipole-bound anions, while the binding energies of quadrupole-bound and correlation-bound anions are improved. As exemplary applications of EA-CC2, we investigate the dipole-bound anions of the steroids cortisol, progesterone, and testosterone. In addition, we characterize electron attachment to symtetracyanonaphthalene, a molecule that supports five anionic states, two of which can be interpreted as hitherto unobserved pi-type quadrupole states.
Mitochondria isolated from lipid droplets of white adipose tissue reveal functional differences based on lipid droplet size
Authors: Brownstein Alexandra J , Veliova Michaela , Acin-Perez Rebeca , Villalobos Frankie , Petcherski Anton , Tombolato Alberto , Liesa Marc , Shirihai Orian S
Published: December 2023

Recent studies in brown adipose tissue (BAT) described a unique subpopulation of mitochondria bound to lipid droplets (LDs), which were termed PeriDroplet Mitochondria (PDM). PDM can be isolated from BAT by differential centrifugation and salt washes. Contrary to BAT, this approach has so far not led to the successful isolation of PDM from white adipose tissue (WAT). Here, we developed a method to isolate PDM from WAT with high yield and purity by an optimized proteolytic treatment that preserves the respiratory function of mitochondria. Using this approach, we show that, contrary to BAT, WAT PDM have lower respiratory and ATP synthesis capacities compared with WAT cytoplasmic mitochondria (CM). Furthermore, by isolating PDM from LDs of different sizes, we found a negative correlation between LD size and the respiratory capacity of their PDM in WAT. Thus, our new isolation method reveals tissue-specific characteristics of PDM and establishes the existence of heterogeneity in PDM function determined by LD size.
Examining the relationship between technology addiction and peer bullying levels of secondary school students
Authors: Esra Malkoç , Tuğba Yanpar Yelken
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between technology addiction levels and peer bullying levels of students at secondary school and to reveal their views on this topic. The survey model from quantitative research method was used in the research. While the population of the research is composed of all secondary schools in district center of Mersin; the sample is composed of 254 secondary school students chosen from the schools according to the method of convenient sampling in the academic year 2022-2023. To determine level of the technology addiction and peer bullying of secondary school students participating in the study, “Technology Addicton Scale” (Aydın, 2017) and “Peer Bullying Scale” (Kutlu & Aydın, 2010) were applied in quantitative phase. In the qualitative phase, data were obtained from the same students with 4 open-ended questions form prepared by the researchers. When the relationship between technology addicton and peer bullying of levels was examined, it was determined that there was a positive and negligible relationship.
The EMCR forum at the Australian Academy of Science: Do emerging scientists have a future in New Zealand … or over the ditch?
Authors: Gaston Nicola
Published: December 2023

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Climate change predictions on track: Victoria University expert
Authors: Editors
Published: December 2023

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A quarter century of astrophysics with Japan
Authors: Yock Philip
Published: December 2023

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The mechanism of prosperity: New Zealand Association of Scientists 1954–73
Authors: Gregory Geoff
Published: December 2023

​The issue is: Have the authorities properly looked after the mechanism of prosperity and not only retained the best scientists but attracted further talent from overseas?
This concluding remark by Dr F B (Brian) Shorland1 in his Presidential Address in 1955, reported in the media [1] as well as in New Zealand Science Review [2], was the issue that occupied a prominent part of the Association’s activities over most of the next twenty years. Time and time again, representations were made to Government and officials about the need to provide competitive salaries and working conditions for New Zealand’s scientific workforce.
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONSOF FORMATION OFCREATIVE POTENTIAL OF ARTS FACULTY STUDENTS
Authors: Jianbing Dong
Published: December 2023

Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the article summarizes views of scientists on pedagogical conditions for effective training of specialists in the field of art education. The specifics of the professional training of teachers of musical art and choreography, which is conditioned by pedagogical orientation and different types of performing activities, have been determined. The author's definition of the creative potential of students of art faculties is offered. Based on the definition of the concept of "potential", the role of adequate pedagogical conditions for the formation of the creative potential of students of the faculties of arts, which is the result of the formation and self-realization of the individual through the disclosure of his potential opportunities for creative activity, is emphasized. The application of the methods of theoretical analysis, systematization and generalization made it possible to identify and substantiate the pedagogical conditions for the formation of the creative potential of students of the faculties of arts, which ensure its effectiveness.Key words: potential, students, creativity, art education, pedagogical conditions.
ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ В КРИСТАЛЛАХ N4-ЭТИЛ-N1-(ДИФЕНИЛФОСФОРИЛ)АЦЕТИЛ-ТИОСЕМИКАРБАЗИДА
Authors: Самигуллина А.И. , Исаева А.О. , Комунарова Д.К. , Бурангулова Р.Н. , Гаврилова Е.Л. , Захарычев Д.В. , Губайдуллин А.Т.
Published: December 2023

Получены и охарактеризованы три полиморфные модификации N4-этил-N1-(дифенилфосфорил)ацетил-тиосемикарбазида, которые представляют собой примеры упаковочного полиморфизма. Полиморфы характеризуются одинаковой конформацией молекул, которая стабилизируется внутримолекулярной водородной связью N-H…O типа, и морфологией первичных одномерных кристаллоформирующих мотивов. Установлено, что основное различие для одного из полиморфов обусловлено изменением типа акцептора водородного связывания и взаимного расположения молекул в 1D-мотиве. Для двух других полиморфов при идентичности самого 1D-мотива, различие заключается во взаимном расположении 2D-слоев, образующихся за счет взаимодействий более слабого порядка. Несмотря на то, что параллельная укладка двумерных слоев для полиморфа с двумя независимыми молекулами оказывается несколько выгоднее антипараллельной укладки, реализующейся в кристалле полиморфа с Z´=1, результаты ДСК свидетельствуют, что последний является термодинамической формой при нормальных условиях. Показано, что для полиморфов наблюдается подобие структурной организации кристаллических решеток, которое заключается в локализации в кристаллах областей, содержащих гидрофильные и гидрофобные фрагменты молекул.
Alüminyum ve çelik malzemelerin TIG kaynak ve sert lehimleme yöntemleriyle kaynak edilebilirliğinin incelenmesi
Authors: KAN Aydın , ÇAYIROĞLU İbrahim
Published: December 2023

Farklı iki metalin kaynaklı birleştirilmesi oldukça zor bir işlemdir. Bununla beraber günümüz endüstrisinde parça ve yapı ağırlığını azaltabilmek için farklı metallerin aynı yapıda kullanılması ve dolayısıyla birleştirilmesi çok önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, (6061-T6) alüminyum alaşımı ile (St-37) düşük karbonlu çelik TIG ve sert lehim kaynak yöntemleriyle birleştirilmiş, mekanik ve mikroyapı özellikleri incelenmiştir. Kaynak uygulamaları 2 mm, 5 mm ve 10 mm kalınlıklara sahip numuneler ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde ettiğimiz numunelerin kaynak bölgelerinin karakteristik özelliklerini tespit etmek ve dayanımlarını incelemek amacıyla sertlik testi ve çekme testleri uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca SEM görüntü analizi ile de mikroyapıda meydana gelen değişiklikler gözlemlenmiştir. Alınan sonuçlara göre en yüksek mekaniksel özelliklerin hangi kaynak türünde ve hangi kalınlıklarda olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Mortality analysed by propensity score matching: an application to national neonatal audit
Authors: Longford Nicholas T.
Published: December 2023

Mortality, a key outcome variable in many population studies and studies of healthcare and its interventions, is commonly analysed by regression of the survival status on a set of relevant background variables. We describe an alternative based on the potential outcomes framework, in which we ask how a particular group of subjects, or a population, whose outcomes were realised in one condition, would have fared had they been treated or cared for in different circumstances. The method is applied to neonatal mortality in the operational delivery networks in England and Wales. The performance of a network is assessed by the difference of the mortality rates of the network and of a matched set of babies drawn from the entire domain of the study. The outlier status of a network is established by a decision-theoretical approach.
Violencia familiar en Tampico, México. Distribución espacial (2016-2018)
Authors: Jurado-Flores Víctor Daniel
Published: December 2023

La violencia familiar es un problema de seguridad y salud pública, y tiene efectos perjudiciales en la sociedad. De acuerdo con las cifras del Secretariado Ejecutivo del Sistema Nacional de Seguridad Pública, en 2018 Tamaulipas se ubicó por encima de la media nacional con una tasa de 191 casos por cada cien mil habitantes, mientras que en el ámbito nacional la tasa fue de 144 (2019).
¿Utopía o distopía? Una lectura de las sociedades en la cuarta revolución industrial a través del proyecto japonés Sociedad 5.0 y la serie Teen Regime
Authors: Mandujano-Salazar Yunuen Ysela
Published: December 2023

Una sociedad en la que el primer ministro es elegido por inteligencia artificial (AI, por sus siglas en inglés), donde la ciudadanía tiene voz y voto sobre las distintas decisiones y proyectos que les atañen en tiempo real, permitiéndoles eliminar rígidas estructuras de poder y tomar decisiones democráticamente para el bien común, esto es Utopi-AI en el año 202X, la ciudad japonesa representada en la serie de ficción Teen Regime (Kurube, 2022), producida y distribuida global y gratuitamente por la televisora japonesa NHK.
Estudiando la ionósfera terrestre mediante el Sistema de Posicionamiento Global (GPS)
Authors: Romero-Hernández Esmeralda , Salas-Navarro Amanda
Published: December 2023

El descubrimiento de la ionósfera a principios del siglo XX condujo a una serie de avances y aplicaciones tecnológicas en torno a la transmisión de señales y las radiocomunicaciones. Aviones, satélites, naves espaciales, celulares, etcétera, hacen uso de ésta para entablar las comunicaciones, de manera que su estudio y monitoreo se ha vuelto imprescindible para la vida moderna. Hoy en día sabemos que su comportamiento está ligado principalmente a la actividad solar, y cuando ocurren las tormentas o explosiones solares sufre una serie de alteraciones conocidas como perturbaciones ionosféricas que pueden interrumpir la transmisión de señales y causar fallas en los dispositivos tecnológicos.
El impacto de la Rotación de Personal en una Empresa Transportista: Un estudio de caso
Authors: Escobar-Olguín Héctor Enrique , Covarrubias-Solís Maricruz , Villarreal-Lira Julio César
Published: December 2023

El presente estudio analiza las causas de la rotación de personal en una empresa de transporte de carga. Es una investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva e interpretativa, que pretende conocer las principales causas de la deserción de personal en la empresa Transportes Logísticos. Cuenta con una flotilla de 15 operadores de carga pesada.  Se generó y se aplicó un instrumento de diez preguntas con escala del Likert. Se realizó un análisis en el programa SPSS (donde se hizo la verificación del alfa de Cronbach: 0.78) y a la vez realizando la correlación en Excel. La información obtenida arrojó los siguientes factores: las unidades en buen estado, el mantenimiento que se les brindan, la mala organización en la empresa, las actitudes del jefe de tráfico, viáticos adecuados y si consideran redituable que se ocupe doble operador en los viajes largos. En conclusión, los factores de mayor impacto entre los operadores son: baja remuneración en función del kilómetro recorrido (sueldo), la medición de combustible en relación al buen rendimiento, la empresa procede a rebajar el faltante, las horas de descanso entre los viajes que no son respetados sus tiempos y la importancia de ellos hacia la empresa que no les hacen sentir como operadores.
Earthworms: Anti-Aging Skin Care Miracle
Authors: Christine Angela , Damayanti Putu Ayu Asri
Published: December 2023

This studi aims to exploration of diverse natural sources for potential remedies. Earthworms, often overlooked in the realm of skincare, have gained attention for their potential role in anti-aging treatments. The methodological approach used in this research is systematic review. This research focuses on randomized controlled trials published on the website from 2017 to 2022. Researchers will screen, extract the data, and cross-check the results. This research from  Science Direct, ProQuest, CINAH, Pubmed and Clinical Trials.gov. This research will be conducted by collecting and evaluating various relevant literature sources to identify previous research that has been conducted on this topic. The multifaceted benefits they offer, coupled with their regenerative properties, make them a subject worthy of continued scientific exploration.
SOSIALISASI DAMPAK MERARIQ KODEK PADA WUS DI SMA SEPUTARAN KEK MANDALIKA DALAM UPAYA PENURUNAN ANGKA STUNTING
Authors: Nurbaiti Lina , Buanayuda Gede Wira , Faradina Fitriannisa
Published: December 2023

Studi WHO di Indonesia menyebutkan salah satu penyebab masalah stunting di Indonesia adalah maraknya pernikahan anak. Indonesia menempati peringkat ke-10 perkawinan anak tertinggi di dunia. Berdasarkan data laporan dari BPS di perkirakan sekitar 1.220.900 anak di Indonesia mengalami perkawinan usia anak. Provinsi NTB tercatat masuk tujuh besar di Indonesia dengan angka kasus pernikahan anak tertinggi. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian yakni meningkatkan kognitif (pengetahuan), afektif (sikap), dan psikomotor (perilaku) siswa siswi SMA mengenai pencegahan dan dampak perkawinan anak, yang diberikan melalui kegiatan sosialisasi di sekolah seputaran KEK Mandalika sehingga diharapkan angka stunting juga dapat menurun. Metode kegiatannya yaitu para siswa akan diberi materi oleh tim pengabdian berupa sosialisasi dampak pernikahan anak (merariq kodek). Kegiatan dilakukan selama Bulan Agustus-September tahun 2023. Evaluasi kegiatan menggunakan eksperimen semu dengan pendekatan pre-post test design dan analisis yang digunakan adalah mann whitney. Hasil yang Nampak adalah terdapat peningkatan kemampuan Kognitif Afektif dan Psikomotorik responden dua minggu setelah kegiatan sosialisasi. Pada awal kegiatan, rata-rata skor kognitif (pengetahuan) siswa-siswi SMA tentang perkawinan anak dan dampaknya masih rendah yaitu berkisar 58,5 yang ditunjukkan oleh 65% responden. Rata-rata skor kognitif (pengetahuan) meningkat menjadi 87,5 untuk sebagian besar (88,3%) responden. Mayoritas responden mempunyai sikap positif (afektif) (96,7%) terhadap  pencegahan perkawinan anak dan dampaknya sebelum dilakukan sosialisasi, setelah kegiatan sosialisasi, sikap positif siswa-siswi SMA sebesar 100%. Sebagian besar responden juga belum menerapkan tindakan (psikomotor) yang baik dalam mencegah perkawinan anak (85%) dan hanya 15% yang melakukan tindakan baik sebelum melaksanakan sosialisasi. Setelah kegiatan sosialisasi, 78,3% upaya pencegahan perkawinan anak pada siswa-siswi SMA mengalami peningkatan. Oleh karena itu, terdapat peningkatan KAP pada siswa-siswi SMA terkait dampak perkawinan anak dalam upaya preventif penurunan stunting
Ausencia de la mediación inclusiva para estudiantes y docentes con discapacidad sensorial en las escuelas públicas-privadas en Chile
Authors: Bernaschina Diego
Published: December 2023

Actualmente, el sistema educativo chileno está muy lejos de poder garantizar una buena calidad de educación en las escuelas públicas-privadas a estudiantes y docentes en situación de discapacidad sensorial, tanto a las personas sordas como a las personas ciegas y de baja visión, para fortalecer las interacciones educativas y mejorar el servicio de accesibilidad prioritaria y habilidades sociales dentro del sistema de la educación inclusiva, tanto la Educación Primaria como la Secundaria. El nuevo paradigma de educación que se genera en la mediación inclusiva de la comunidad educativa a través del conocimiento de la diversidad y sus propias situaciones de estudiantes-docentes para valorizar y transformar el uso de las habilidades del aprendizaje personal, por supuesto,la actividad laboral dentro del aula inclusiva. Por tanto, el gran debate educativo y social sobre las posibilidades de mediación inclusiva para estudiantes-docentes en situación de discapacidad sensorial hacia la diversidad escolar en Chile.
Percepciones frente a la incorporación de estudiantes transexuales de la comunidad educativa en un colegio particular subvencionado de la comuna de Puente Alto
Authors: Llancapán Fabúndez Constanza , Reyes Veras Eduardo
Published: December 2023

Actualmente, las instituciones escolares chilenas se enfrentan a diversos desafíos producto de los constantes cambios que está experimentando la sociedad y que impactan directamente a sus comunidades. Entre ellos, la atención a la diversidad en las aulas y la necesidad de gestionar espacios educativos inclusivos. Este estudio pretende identificar las percepciones de la comunidad educativa sobre la incorporación de estudiantes transexuales en un colegio particular subvencionado de la comuna de Puente Alto en la Región Metropolitana desde un enfoque cualitativo. Se aplicó un estudio descriptivo, permitiendo conocer la realidad de parte de sus integrantes con el fin de obtener una aproximación al fenómeno analizado. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron identificar cuán preparada se encuentra la comunidad educativa desde la perspectiva del manejo conceptual acerca del tema de la diversidad, especialmente en lo referido a las personas transexuales y las disposiciones actitudinales y afectivas frente a la integración de estudiantes trans en el establecimiento. Así también, se ha podido identificar los apoyos, recursos con los que cuentan y las acciones llevadas a cabo por la institución para favorecer la inclusión de estudiantes transexuales, así como las brechas que están presentes, no obstante, desde el punto de vista afectivo la comunidad educativa expresa que están abiertos a ser parte de este proceso y hacerse cargo de la integración de los estudiantes transexuales.
KREATIFITAS GURU PENDIDIKAN JASMANI OLAHRAGA KESEHATAN MENERAPKAN PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PADA JENJANG SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN SIRIMAU
Authors: Ijanleba Charles , Souisa Mieke , Latar Idris Moh.
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kretifitas guru menerapkan permainan tradisional dalam pembelajarn Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga Kesehatan (PJOK) pada jenjang Sekolah Dasar (SD) di kecamtan Sirimau. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif, dengan pendekatan “kuantitatif”. Selanjutnya Instrument dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu; observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan triangulasi. Sedangkan Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu “Statistik deskriptif”, dengan menghitung persentasi kreatifitas guru PJOK jenjang Sekolah Dasar menerapkan permainan tradisional.

Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Subyek penelitian mengenal dan memahami dengan baik konsep permainan tradisional tentang jenis, tujuan, dan manfaat dari permainan tradisional. (2) Namun jarang untuk memanfaatkan dalam setiap pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan pada setiap jenjang kelas, hanya pada jenjang kelas III, Kelas IV, Kelas V saja. (3) Permainan tradisional hanya diimplementasikan untuk materi gerak Lokomotor, Gerak Non Lokomotor, dan Gerak manipulatif saja, dan materi lainnya tidak pernah. (4) Subyek penelitian kurang kreatif memanfaatkan dan menerapkan permainan tradisional dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan.
ANALISIS KELEMAHAN KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIS MAHASISWA TADRIS IPA PADA MATA KULIAH MEKANIKA
Authors: Asshagab Siti Mutiaraningsih , Ledang Irwan , Galib La Maronta , Halmuniati Halmuniati
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelemahan kemampuan matematis mahasiswa Program Studi Tadris IPA Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ambon yang memprogramkan mata kuliah Mekanika. Kemampuan matematis yang dianalisis merupakan kemampuan dasar matematis berupa penjumlahan, pengurangan, perkalian, pembagian dan operasi pecahan. Semua kemampuan tersebut adalah kemampuan dasar matematis yang sangat dibutuhkan untuk menunjang mahasiswa meraih hasil belajar yang maksimal pada mata kuliah mekanika. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang berupaya untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan dan kelemahan kemampuan dasar matematis mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal matematika dasar. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa semester III (tiga) Tahun Akademik 2021/2022 Program Studi Tadris IPA Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ambon yang mengambil mata kuliah Mekanika. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mengumpulkan informasi mengenai kemampuan dasar matematis melalui wawancara dan beberapa soal tes tulis dan lisan mengenai penjumlahan, pengurangan, perkalian, pembagian dan operasi pecahan.  Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes dan pedoman wawancara. Kemampuan matematis mahasiswa dilihat berdasarkan kesalahan dan kecepatan dalam menyelesaikan dan menjawab tes. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan dasar matematis mahasiswa masih berada pada kategori kurang dan lambat dalam melakukan operasi perkalian, pembagian, pecahan dan persamaan linear satu variabel.