bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El círculo de la dominación: familia, poder y sociedad, su expresión en Cartagena
Authors: Betancourt Morales Germán
Published: February 2019

Este texto tiene como finalidad articular el discurso de Michel Foucault sobre las sociedades disciplinarias y de control, con la teoría de género que estructura la construcción de identidades simbólicas, develando la posición que ocupan los sujetos en este tipo de sociedades. Mi objetivo es mostrar como las sociedades modernas especialmente, las del Caribe Colombiano- fabricaron un cuerpo masculino y femenino a través de diversos dispositivos de saber, agenciados por el derecho, las ciencias humanas y la teología, que crearon discursos y prácticas de racionalidad que le dieron una idea de naturalidad a las diversas formas de dominación. A su vez estos dispositivos de poder construyeron mecanismos de control que estructuraron límites sociales que registran la sujeción de la mujer a espacios específicos, sustentando la violencia como herramienta de corrección social para todas aquellas que transgredan la lógica patriarcal. Por último, se analizará el dispositivo de subjetivación que se establece en la constitución de un cuerpo disciplinado que visibiliza las técnicas de saber y de poder que dan como resultado la elaboración de un sujeto diferenciado con características que lo colocan en una posición binaria de clasificación, hombre / mujer, normal / anormal, heterosexual / homosexual, mujer virtuosa /prostituta.
Estableciendo rastros para la constitución de una persona activa de derechos: El cuerpo de la violencia en la historia de los Montes de María
Authors: Durango Rueda Orlando , Valencia Mosquera Mabel
Published: February 2019

El trabajo rastrea en estos últimos años, el rostro de la violencia en los Montes de María, Bolívar; busca rescatar de estos grupos la historia de su capacidad de darse un territorio y unos imaginarios, que dejen de ser los de la fuerza y de la intimidación, para volverse posibilidad de pensar un espacio, unas relaciones y una cultura, alumbradas por la tolerancia, la confianza y sobre todo por la circulación de la palabra.
Aproximación interpretativa a determinantes de la violencia homicida en Cartagena de Indias durante 2006
Authors: Goyeneche González Fredi
Published: February 2019

Presentamos a continuación unas reflexiones interpretativas sobre el comportamiento anual de las muertes por homicidios durante 2006. Este documento trabaja con las cifras condensadas y consolidadas del Informe de Muertes por Causa Externa (MCE) 2006, que incluyen además de los homicidios, las Muertes no Intencionales (MNI), las Muertes en Accidentes de Tránsito (MAT) y los Suicidios. Estas cuatro variables, que conforman el concepto de MCE, son las que nos dan la idea de muertes violentas y obvio es pensar que mientras mas bajas sean estas, mejor debería ser la calidad de vida de los habitantes y visitantes del territorio en donde se estén haciendo las observaciones.La intención de este documento es entonces aproximarnos a explicaciones de carácter teórico y académico que contribuyan a la comprensión no solo de las cifras como resultado, sino igualmente, al evidente crecimiento de estas en el contexto económico, político y social en que se producen.
Los programas de microempresas, una mirada desde las necesidades prácticas y estratégicas de género
Authors: Rodríguez López Mercedes
Published: February 2019

En este trabajo se presenta una reflexión teórica sobre los programas de microempresas dirigidos a mujeres de bajos ingresos, desde el concepto de necesidades prácticas y estratégicas de género, como elemento de análisis que resulta fundamental al revisar la planificación de dichos programas y su práctica, e identificar las limitaciones de algunos enfoques desde los cuales se sustentan las políticas sociales que apuntan al tema de mujer y género en el desarrollo.
La desigualdad social: Desarrollo y desafíos del trabajo social desde la reconceptualización en América Latina
Authors: Alayón Norberto , Molina María Lorena
Published: February 2019

Este artículo (síntesis de la Ponencia presentada al 33º Congreso Mundial de Escuelas de Trabajo Social-Chile 2006) aspira responder a la pregunta: ¿Cuáles son las principales rupturas que se gestan en el Movimiento de Reconceptualización del Trabajo Social y cuáles los principales ejes de debates que influencian la formación profesional?Para construir nuestras respuestas planteamos lo que implica colocarse en la comprensión de las “problemáticas sociales” o bien trascender hacia las “manifestaciones de la cuestión social”. Apuntamos hacia la relación de la política social con los derechos humanos y la ciudadanía, para superar la comprensión de meros instrumentos de control, mecanismos redistributivos y de estímulo al consumo, para identificarlas también como terreno estratégico de arena de conquista, ampliación y exigibilidad de derechos sociales. Todo esto lo vinculamos con el debate teórico-metodológico-ético político actual.El texto concluye con algunas sugerencias acerca de posibles temas, preguntas o áreas de reflexión, según nuestro juicio medulares para continuar el debate sobre el Trabajo Social en la Latinoamérica contemporánea.
Violencia de género en Cartagena de indias: Crónicas e imágenes de un amor que se revela. Tratos inhumanos y crueles
Authors: Rodríguez Hortensia Naizara
Published: February 2019

Este artículo presenta resultados del proyecto de investigación: Estudio de caso de la pareja homicida en Cartagena de Indias. Un análisis de género. A través de cuatro apartes se muestran en él, los códigos culturales valorativos de las masculinidades en conflicto socializadas por los cartageneros que conllevan a actos brutales de irracionalidad y violencia que terminan con la vida de la pareja y vulneran los derechos de los niños, niñas y mujeres.Se presenta un panorama de Cartagena de Indias en los últimos años, en los que el amor, la muerte y la violencia tienden sus lazos, a través de discursos artificiosos que legitiman la muerte.
Reflexiones sobre la familia a partir de la explicación histórica de la organización social actual
Authors: Chacón Jiménez Francisco
Published: February 2019

El artículo presenta reflexiones acerca de la familia y su devenir histórico, tras treinta años de estudio del hogar. Para ello señala algunos aspectos teórico-metodológicos a partir de la incorporación del ciclo de vida, el modo de acceso y distribución de los recursos materiales y la relación tipología del hogar-sistemas de herencia, hasta llegar a plantear las principales contradicciones y revoluciones que hoy en día se suscitan a su interior.
The Giving Legal Aid For The Poor On A Criminal Case
Authors: Kasim Ramdhan
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study is to know and examine and analyze the nature of the provision of legal aid for the poor in criminal cases and to know and review and analyze the role of Legal Aid Organizations in Providing Legal Aid for the Poor in criminal cases. as well as to know and examine and analyze what factors influence the implementation of legal aid of the Poor in criminal cases.
Community Involvement in Preparation of EIA Documents as Implementation of Participatory Principles In Law No.32 Year 2009 About Protection and Environmental Management (Study at PT Mandiri Mining Corporindo)
Authors: Rahmat Rahmat
Published: February 2019

PT.Mandiri Mining Corporindo (MMC) adalah perusahaan tambang Mangan di Desa Bonehau, Kecamatan Bonehau Kabupaten Mamuju, Provinsi Sulawesi Barat dengan surat izin eksplorasi nomor 418 Tahun 2009 dan izin operasi produksi nomor 333 tahun 2010, dimana proses produksi telah dimulai sejak bulan oktober 2010, adapun luas ijin usaha pertambangan yang dimiliki oleh PT.MMC adalah 178 ha yang meliputi kawasan 178 ha yang meliputi kawasan hutan produksi 125 ha dan perkebunan masyarakat 53 ha, namun areal yang dikelola baru sekitar 30 persen. Sejak awal pembukaan perusahaan tambang di Desa ini telah menimbulkan kekhawatiran akan dampak negatif berupa kerusakan lingkungan, mengingat lokasi tambang berbatas langsung dengan perkebunan dan persawahan masyarakat setempat. Hal ini menjadi masalah yang menarik dikaji dari aspek hukum perizinan, khususnya perizinan lingkungan sehingga permasalahan dalam penilitian ini yaitu; Pertama bagaimanakah kedudukan AMDAL dalam perizinan lingkungan PT.MMC? Kedua, bagaimana pelaksanaan AMDAL PT.MMC. hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kedudukan AMDAL dalam perizinan lingkungan merupakan kewajiban dan prasyarat mutlak, jika suatu perusahaan melanggar izin lingkungan maka izin usaha atau kegiatan dapat dibatalkan. Dan prosedur penerbitan AMDAL PT.MMC telah sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan namun dalam pelaksanaannya tidak sesuai dengan perencanaan.
Legal Liability Company Based On Sharing Economy to Service And Consumer Providers
Authors: Amin Fakhry
Published: February 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bentuk pertanggungjawaban hukum perusahan berbasis sharing economy terhadap penyedia jasa dan konsumen. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Bentuk tanggung jawab hukum perusahaan sharing economy dapat berupa pertanggungjawaban perdata atau pertanggungjawaban administrasi. Selain itu, perusahaan sharing economy diberikan keleluasaan untuk menyelesaikan persoalan dengan pihak provider yang tidak diatur dalam undang-undang sebagai bentuk penegakan prinsip perusahaan yang baik; dan (2) Status perusahaan sharing economy disamakan statusnya dengan perusahaan petahana sesuai dengan UUPT. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah (1) perlu diadakan revisi terhadap UUPT demi menyikapi kekosongan hukum terhadap sehingga kepastian hukum provider dan konsumen lebih terjamin. (2) Pemerintah dalam hal memberikan kebebasan dan keleluasaan kepada masyarakat dalam hal kegiatan berusaha juga perlu dibarengi dengan pengawasan yang ketat sehingga dapat mengurangi kesempatan timbulnya ketimpangan yang terjadi di masyarakat dalam hal persaingan usaha.
Applicability of Different Bio-based Polymers for Wiring Boards
Authors: Henning Carolin , Schmid Anna , Hecht Sophia , Harre Kathrin , Bauer Reinhard
Published: February 2019

The paper gives a review of experiments for the application of biodegradable, sustainable polymers as a wiring board material. In the paper two different biobased materials and the standard PCB materials FR4 and FR2 were compared. The investigations refer to mechanical, electrical performance, surface quality the flammability and applicability for Polymer Thick Film Technology (PTFT) of the biobased material. The biobased materials are polylactic acid (PLA) mixed with different contents of cellulose acetate (CA) or flame retardant zinc pyrophosphate (ZnPP) and polyurethane (PU) with CA. The results show that the addition of CA to the polymers leads to a change of different properties for PLA and to a significant change in mechanical properties for PU. The use of ZnPP in PLA shows major improvements regarding the flammability of the polymer. The properties of the samples are in the same order of magnitude as the properties of FR2.
The Use of Big Data in The Oil and Gas Upstream Industry
Authors: Syaifullah Khalid Istiqlal
Published: February 2019

A study has been done to perceive the uptake and impact of Big Data in the exploration and production of oil and gas in Indonesia compared to Norway. Interviews were conducted to officials in the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MoEMR) and the state regulator, SKK Migas. In both industries, more data is being generated more than ever in exploration, production, drilling, and operations, indicating potential application of Big Data. However, approach towards data has remained classical with physical models in opposed to common Big Data approach, which is data-driven analytics. Several impacts of Big Data in both industries are highlighted, including new demand for data analysts, the need for regulations surrounding cyber-security, improvement of safety and environment (which hasn’t been considered in Indonesia), and growing need for more trust and regulations towards open data. Open data in the two industries has seen two different trajectories with Indonesia only implementing it very recently, while the NCS has seen open data drives competition since 1999. This study produced recommendations for the government of Indonesia on open data and how uptake and application of Big Data analytics in EOR could potentially increase national petroleum production to desired levels.

Keywords: Big Data, open data, oil and gas in Indonesia, Norway Continental Shelf, data analytics, EOR
Council Court’s Judgement in the Decision of Sued for Divorce Husband at the Tapaktuan Syar'iyah Court
Authors: Nazlianto Riza
Published: February 2019

Shari'ah gives the wife the right to complain to the judge gives thalaq to him, even the Shari'ah also requires the judge to grant his wish if found causes that push to gives thalaq to in accordance with what is desired by the wife, while the husband does not want to divorce his wife good road. The aim of this research is to know the divorce case in society Tapaktuan. In compiling this thesis of researchers use qualitative research methods.
Motivasi Tinggi Meningkatkan Minat Mahasiswa Untuk Melanjutkan Profesi Ners
Authors: Rosdiana Yanti , Hastutiningtyas Wahidyanti Rahayu , Putri Ronasari Mahaji
Published: February 2019

Nursing students can only be said to be professional if the student has continued professional if the student has continued professional profession education, but unfortunately there are still many students who are not willing to continue to the level. Student motivation in one way to bring out, move, desire and direct behaviour. Such behaviour will form an activity of its own to determine the relationship of motivation with the interest of students to continue profession professions at Tribhuwana University Tunggadewi Malang. This research uses analytic observation design with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all Nursing science study Program students at the Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University in Malangwho would continue the profession of nurses. The sampling technique used in this study was a total sampling of 87 respondents. The dependent variable in this study in the independent interest and variable, namely motivation. Data were collected using a modified questionnaire, namely interest with IIQ (The Individual Interest Questionnaire) and motivation with Motivation Quuestionnaire Aspira. Data were performed using SPSS. Spearman-rank test results obtained p value = (0,000) < (0,050) with a positive value of r (correlation coefficient) 0,391 wich means that there is a significant relationship of motivation with interest. Thus the higher the motivation will increase the interest of studets to continue professional education nurse, so it is hoped that there needs to be an early introduction to the Ners professional education program to increase motivation with the interest of nursing students of continue professional ners education
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa dengan Menerapkan Video Identifikasi Campuran Kopi Menggunakan Metode Spektroskopi UV-Visible
Authors: Aiman Ummu , Nirwana Nirwana , Firdaus M Lutfi
Published: February 2019

Abstract[Improvement of students learning outcomes by applying the video of coffee-mixture identification using UV-Visible Spectroscopy]. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences of student learning outcomes on electromagnetic wave materials and how students respond to the learning videos. This research was an experimental research which applies video coffee-mixture identification. The study was conducted in grade X islamic high school consisting of experimental class and control class. Based on the data analysis, the average post-test grade of the experimental class was 82.11 and the mean post-test control grade was 72.88 with tcount = 0,038 which is lower than the value of significance (0,05). The N-gain values of both classes indicate that the experimental class (0.72) is better than the control class (0.61). This suggests the adoption of a coffee-mixture identification video on electromagnetic wave material able to improve greater learning outcomes than control class that did not apply the video to the learning process. The result of questionnaire analysis shows that the student response to video implementation is good, as seen from the average score of responses of students who answered strongly agree at 40% level, while the answer agree at 53.83% level, not agree at 5.43% level and who answered very disagreeing 0.74% of all students. Keywords: Coffee-mixture; UV-Visible spectroscopy; electromagnetic waves; learning video.(Received August 15 2018; Accepted January 25, 2019; Published February 25, 2019) AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menjelaskan perbedaan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada materi gelombang elektromagnetik dan bagaimana respon siswa terhadap video pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang menerapkan video identifikasi campuran kopi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Madrasah Aliyah kelas X yang terdiri dari kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, rata-rata nilai post-test kelas eksperimen adalah 82,11 dan rata-rata nilai post-test kelas kontrol 72,88 dengan nilai thitung = 0,038 < nilai signifikansi (0,05). Adapun nilai N-gain dari kedua kelas menunjukkan bahwa pada kelas eksperimen  (0,72) lebih baik dari  pada kelas kontrol (0,61). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan video identifikasi campuran kopi pada materi gelombang elektromagnetik dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar yang lebih besar dibandingkan kelas kontrol yang tidak menerapkan video pada proses pembelajarannya. Sedangkan hasil analisis angket diketahui bahwa respon siswa terhadap penerapan video adalah baik, terlihat dari nilai rata-rata respon siswa yang menjawab sangat setuju sebesar 40%, sedangkan yang menjawab setuju sebesar 53,83%, tidak setuju sebesar 5,43% dan  yang menjawab sangat tidak setuju sebesar 0,74% dari keseluruhan siswa. Kata kunci: Campuran kopi; spektroskopi UV-Vis; gelombang elekromagnetik; video pembelajaran
USE OF PODCASTING TECHNOLOGY TO DEVELOP STUDENTS’ LISTENING SKILLS
Authors: Naidionova Alla V. , Ponomarenko Oksana G.
Published: February 2019

A wide range of English teaching and learning approaches have emerged due to information and communication technology advancement. Podcasting is one such novel tool being exploited by teachers to enhance language skills and to encourage learning outside the classroom. Research on podcasting pedagogy suggests that podcasting helps learners boost their English language skills and support areas such as grammar, pronunciation and vocabulary. This study proves that teaching listening to students by using podcasts makes it possible to increase student listening comprehension, as this technology provides students with authentic and contextual material. The findings also suggest that such listening practice should be an integral part of ESL teaching at university level.
ДЕЯКІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ ЕКОНОМІСТІВ
Authors: Mann Ruslan V.
Published: February 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of forming the competences of future economists in the process of obtaining educational services in higher educational institutions. The views of domestic and foreign scholars on the essential characteristics of the «competence», which are necessary for the qualitative fulfillment of official duties by future economists, are presented. The requirements of the labor market for future specialists in economics and accounting are analyzed, in particular, regarding to the effective possession of information and communication competencies. The results of the admission campaign of 2017-2018 academic year in the specialties 076 «Entrepreneurship, trade and stock-taking», 051 «Economics» and 071 «Accounting and taxation» of the bachelor and master's levels are demonstrated. The content of educational programs for preparing the economic direction specialists, competitive in the labor market, is considered. The ways of improving the quality of educational services for the preparation of future economists in order to ensure the possibility of their further employment in the specialty are proposed.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ МОБІЛЬНОГО НАВЧАННЯ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ, ПЕРЕВАГИ ТА НЕДОЛІКИ
Authors: Tkachuk Halyna V.
Published: February 2019

The article presents the results of the analysis of the prospects for the introduction of mobile learning on the basis of statistical data on the use of mobile devices, mobile training programs, wireless access. It was determined the place of mobile learning in the system of blended learning as the main form of organization of educational process using electronic learning means. Based on existing models of education, it was determined the main components of mobile learning. Also there are analyzed content types that can be used to organize mobile learning. It has been determined that the main types of mobile content may be a mobile site; mobile application; adapted electronic teaching aids; a separate type of content created by a teacher; social networks; unique content (augmented reality). The author are described the advantages and disadvantages of mobile learning and the use of mobile devices in the learning process.
A CORRELATION BETWEEN SELF-CONFIDENCE AND THE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Roysmanto Roysmanto
Published: February 2019

This research entitled “A Correlation between Self-Confidence and the Students’ Speaking Skill”. The objective of the research was to investigate whether there is a significance correlation or not between self-confidence and the students’ speaking skill of the third grade of Swadaya Gunung Jati University in academic year 2014/2015, the writer obtained the data by the quantitative research. The writer used correlational design. The population was the third grade students of Swadaya Gunung Jati University Cirebon. There were 40 students as sample. The data were collected through interview and questionnaire. The results of this research shows that there is a significance correlation between score of questionnaire and interview. It was represented  in the test hypothesis that tobserved is higher than ttable (10.39 > 0.320). So the writer concluded that there is a significance correlation between self-confidence and the students’ speaking skill. Keywords: Correlation, Self-confidence, Speaking skill
Improving Students Writing by Using Inside Outside Circle at IKIP PGRI Pontianak
Authors: Sulaiman Sulaiman
Published: February 2019

This research aims to describe (1) whether and to what extent the implementation of Inside Outside Circle technique improves students’ writing; (2) the difficulties which occur in implementing of Inside Outside Circle technique in improving students’ writing. This action research study is carried out on the third semester at private university in Pontianak.The research is carried out in 2 cycles. Every cycle consists of four steps: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The qualitative data are collected by using techniques of observation and documentation, while quantitative data are collected by using test (pre-test and post-test). The qualitative data are analyzed through descriptive analysis which consists of assembling the data, coding the data, comparing the data, building interpretation, and reporting the outcomes. The quantitative data are analyzed through descriptive statistics. The research findings show that Inside Outside Circle technique can improve students’ writing and its difficulties found in the implementation.Key words: inside outside circle, writing, classroom action research
ROLE PLAYING AS TECHNIQUE FOR TEACHING SPEAKING TO HELP DEVELOPING THE STUDENTS’ CHARACTER
Authors: Arifah Kurnia Fitri , Santosa Riyadi , Ngadiso Ngadiso
Published: February 2019

Teaching speaking gives opportunity to provide fluency practice for language learners. The students can practice to speak by role playing as one of techniques in teaching speaking. However, students with the high speaking ability are worthless without good morals. For this reason, today the teacher has responsibility towards the student’s character. Unfortunately, the character building for students cannot be taught in isolation because it is not included in language skills. Therefore, the character building should be infused to the teaching learning process. This paper addresses the issue of role play as a technique in teaching speaking and developing students’ character.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH TALKING STICK
Authors: Romlah Siti
Published: February 2019

This classroom action research was aimed at improving students’ speaking skill on trascational/interpersonalof class VII A SMP Negeri1 Kedawung Kabupaten Cirebon through Talking Stick.  The classroom action  research used Kemmis and Taggart cycle model ith 4 stages.  The subject of the research as tudents of class VIIA with 43 students.  The research as carried out from September- November 2015 with  2 cycles. The technique of data collection were performance test, kerja, while for collecting teacher’ perfomance used observation  and for collecting the data of students’s responses used questioner. To analize data, data reduction-percentage- and simple calculation, data presentation , intrepretation.  The result showed that in general there was an improvement of classical learning mastery of students; speaking skill of trasactionl/interpersonal text about 35,36%.  This was done by comparing each test on each treatment. The result of cycle 1 showed 19 students of VII A reached classical mastery of learning for about  79,54%.  The average score of cycle 1 was 79 and the average score 2 was 81 with very good category.  The data of students’ respond  reached active criteria on cycle 1 and very good criteria on cycle 2.  The teacher’s performance reached score 72 on cycle 72 with very good criteria, and 89 on cycle 2 with very good criteria.  Based on the gained data, it can be said that the reserach had achieved its target and the improvement of students’ speaking skill on trascationl/interpersonal text of class VII A of SMP Negeri 1 Kedawung kabupaten Cirebon through Talking Stick was succesfull.
PROFITABILITAS, LIKUIDITAS DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN (INDUSTRI PROPERTI DAN REAL ESTATE YANG LISTED DI PT. BEI PADA TAHUN 2011-2014)
Authors: Setiawanta Yulita
Published: February 2019

This research aims to examine as partially the effect of ROA, ROEand CR on Firm Value of real estate and property company in Indonesia stock Exchange . Independent variables used are ROA (Return On Assets), ROE (Return On Equity) and CR (Current Ratio). The total sample on this research obtained to 174 data oberseved. The data analyzed is secondary data obtained from Indonesia stock Exchange. The analytical method in this research uses descriptive statistic, classical assumption test, F test, hypothesis test, and coefficient of determination test. The result of this study shows that ROA and CR have no significant effect on firm value, meanwhile ROE has the effect on frim value,Keyword: : Firm Value ; Return On Asset; Return On Equity; Current ratio.
MODEL KEBIJAKAN MODAL KERJA PADA UMKM DI DESA WISATA “CENGEK” TINGKIR LOR, SALATIGA
Authors: Yovita Lenni , Zaretta Bara , Pekerti Vinko Satrio
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model kebijakan modal kerja yang digunakan oleh Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Desa Wisata "Cengek" Tingkir Lor, Salatiga.Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan observasi dan wawancara. Metode pemilihan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 20 UMKM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 70% pengusaha UKM di Desa Wisata "Cengek" Tingkir Lor, Salatiga menggunakan kebijakan modal kerja yang moderat, 15% menggunakan kebijakan modal kerja konservatif dan sisanya 15% menggunakan kebijakan agresif. Rekomendasi dari hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) pengusaha UKM mulai membawa investor sebagai pemodal dengan perhitungan bisnis yang disepakati (2) pengusaha UKM yang menggunakan kebijakan modal kerja konservatif harus berani menggunakan dana eksternalKata Kunci : Kebijakan Modal Kerja; UMKM
A Vision at the Utmost Boundary
Authors: Coppens Pieter
Published: February 2019

In this chapter another prophetic model for Sufis of travelling to the otherworld and experiencing the vision of God is scrutinized. It discusses the commentaries on the first 18 verses of Surah al-Najm, which exegetes have generally identified with the heavenly journey of Muhammad. A couple of verses that address a visionary meeting between two unidentified entities, receive specific attention. It discusses whether the commentators considered this to be a vision of God by Muhammad, and if so, which modalities of vision they proposed.
Brazil's Black Christianity and the Counter-hegemonic Production of Knowledge in World Christianity
Authors: Barreto Raimundo C.
Published: February 2019

Brazil is home for the largest African diaspora. In spite of that, until the end of the twentieth century, Brazil's Africanness tended to be hidden under the Eurocentric construct of a colour-blind national identity and the myth of racial democracy. Since the 1990s, Brazil's negritude or blackness has emerged as an important source of culture, knowledge, identity and public policy. Such a reconfiguration of Brazilian identity and culture to privilege black agency challenges common assumptions in the study of the religions of Brazil, including Christianity. This article examines the impact of Afro-Brazilian spirituality and religions upon Brazilian Christianity, shedding new light on Afro-Brazilian contributions to the formation of Brazil's cultural and religious mosaic. It highlights the often-overlooked agency of Afro-Brazilians as social, religious and cultural actors who have not only resisted colonial and neocolonial efforts to whitewash Brazilian culture, but have also positively contributed to the production of culture, knowledge and identities through a dynamic relation with their African roots. Finally, focusing on Afro-Brazilian spirituality as an important shaper of Brazilian Christianity, this article advances a decolonial perspective that draws attention to the ways Brazil's black Christianity contributes to the production of counter-hegemonic forms of knowledge and knowing.
Ethics perspective and regulation of plagiarism in Higher Education
Authors: Wijaya Hengki , Gruber Kara Elizabeth
Published: February 2019

Plagiarism is no longer a mere issue, but it is a global fact that this disease has attacked higher education, and regarding ethics, immoral and irresponsible academics has shaken the world of education. Plagiarism has become a systematic virus that must be tackled from the root of the problem. Plagiarism is the responsibility of higher education with the government in which the Indonesian government of higher education has already established its legislation on plagiarism and colleges elaborate on it in their respective academic rules. The prevention of plagiarism begins with building a winning, honest, anti-plagiarism, and responsible mentality. It also provides a plagiarism prevention system manual (manual regulation and regulation through editorial team, plagiarism law socialization, honest and responsible culture building), as well as the use of anti-plagiarism software in college and internet and mobile browsing. Plagiarism at a high altitude can kill the creativity and wealth of thinking of pouring new ideas into work. Students who do plagiarism means to have shut down their intellectual honesty in their work. While systems that allow plagiarism to occur that they have shut down the integrity of students in work and destroy the creativity of other students in college who uphold honesty in the work.
Male and female lecturers’ politeness strategies in EFL classroom
Authors: Arif Novianti , Iskandar I , Muliati A , Patak Andi Anto
Published: February 2019

This research identified types of politeness strategies used by a male and female lecturer in the EFL classroom based on the theory of Brown and Levinson. This research also investigated students’ perception toward the use of lecturers’ politeness strategies in the EFL classroom. This research applied the descriptive qualitative research design to describe the phenomena of politeness strategies. The subjects of this research were two English lecturers and fifteen university students. All of them chosen by using purposive sampling. The instrument of this research was observation and interview.  The observation was conducted three meetings for every lecturer by using an audio recorder and field notes. The audio recorder was used to record lecturers’ utterances in the teaching and learning process. The field notes were used to obtain more accurate data. The interview was conducted to get the data from the students. The interview is done to find out about the students’ perception toward the use of politeness strategies in the classroom. The result of this research showed that male and female lecturers used four types of politeness strategies namely bald on-record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off-record. Furthermore, the students perceived that male and female lecturer was polite. The students perceived that the male lecturer was more formal while the female lecturer was friendly.
Locating Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) in discourse and social studies
Authors: Irawan Andi Muhammad , Adnan Zifirdaus
Published: February 2019

This article addresses the position of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) in discourse and social studies. It provides information about the principles of critical discourse analysis and what makes it different from other discourse analyses, which are considered to be non-critical. The term ‘critical’ has been the keyword that distinguishes any types of discourse analysis, i.e. whether or not they are oriented to social issues. Further, CDA concerns on social issues, e.g. power and social inequality, which collaborates micro-analysis of language and macro-analysis of social structure, have brought significant contributions to linguistics and social studies. Especially for linguistics, CDA has brought significant impacts to the textual analyses, which are oriented to investigate how power, social inequality, hegemony and discrimination are established and maintained through discourse presentations.
STRUCTURE OF CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONS FOR ISOTROPIC ELASTIC MEMBRANES WITH VOIDS/IZOTROPINIŲ TAMPRIŲ MEMBRANAŲ SU TUŠTUMOMIS FIZINIŲ PRIKLAUSOMYBIŲ STRUKTŪRA
Authors: Kazakeviciiite-Makovska Rasa
Published: February 2019

Straipsnis skirtas tamprių membranų su tuštumomis fizinėms priklausomybėms sudaryti. Nagrinėjama tokių priklausomybių bendroji forma, apribojimai, kuriuos lemia atskaitos sistemos indiferentiškumas, energijos disbalanso principai ir galima medžiagos simetrija. Gautos tamprios membranos su tuštumomis būvį aprašančios funkcijos pateikia fizinių priklausomybių bendriausiąją formą, į kurią įeina pagrindiniai mechanikos, termomechanikos dėsniai, atskaitos sistemos indiferentiškumo principas ir pasirinkta medžiagos simetrijos grupė. Šios funkcijos išraiškos duoda vertingas teorines nuorodas formuluojant specifines fizines priklausomybes įvairioms membranų klasėms. Straipsnyje daugiausia dėmesio skiriama izotropinėms membranoms, išsamiai ištirta jų fizinių priklausomybių bendroji struktūra. Laikant, kad funkcija φ = 1, nesunku pastebėti, kad pateiktą teoriją galima traktuoti kaip klasikinę membranų (be tuštumų) teoriją.
DETERMINATION OF THE COEFFICIENT OF SECONDARY COMPRESSION ON RECONSTITUTED SAND BED/SMĖLINIO PAGRINDO ANTRINĖS DEFORMACIJOS KOEFICIENTO NUSTATYMAS
Authors: Parasonis Josifas , Gabrielaitis Linas
Published: February 2019

Experimental results on reconstituted sand bed are described to define the coefficient of secondary compression in sand. Two samples of Ticino sand were reconstituted at two different relative densities (DR ≅ 40 and 85%). The observed settlements have been compared to those inferred from a conventional computation Schmertmann method. This method provides an excellent provision of the primary settlement occurring in freshly deposited Ticino sand. The coefficient of secondary compression C αε was determined from the data of experimental results. Using the correlations regression analysis, dependences of C αε calculation are suggested. And equations (3) for low-density sand and (5) for high-density sand have been obtained. Equation (7) determines a common case. Equations (3), (5) and (7) were approbated by comparison of computed and observed [10] secondary settlements.
THE CONTENT OF THE ACTIVE LAYER EXTERNAL SURFACE RESISTANCE TO WEATHERING/AKTYVIOJO IŠORINIO PAVIRŠIAUS PATVARUMO APLINKOS POVEIKIAMS TURINYS (KIEKIS)
Authors: Barkauskas Vytautas
Published: February 2019

The external surfaces of finish wear and disintegrate under weathering conditions. It is known that the layer in which the amplitude of temperature and surface moisture decreases twice is intensively affected. When investigating the surface durability, it would be useful to call this layer an active layer. Its durability is proportional to the square of the layer thickness and to the ratio of inner energy (meant for resistantial influence).

Usually the dispersion of physical and mechanical properties in materials and samples is calculated by statistic methods. Analytically it is possible to assume that any product or sample consists of many hypothetic microvolumes demonstrating certain physical and mechanical properties. According to our tests carried out during years, the dispersion of these microvolumes is similar to that of products or samples and may be estimated by statistic curves.
ELASTIC-PLASTIC ANALYSIS OF BISTEEL I-SECTION BEAMS/BIMETALIŲ DVITĖJŲ SIJŲ BŪVIO ANALIZĖ, ĮVERTINANT PLASTINIŲ DEFORMACIJŲ ĮTAKĄ
Authors: Jaras Arūnas , Kačianauskas Rimantas
Published: February 2019

The elastic-plastic analysis of simple bisteel I-section beam subjected to uniform distributed load (Fig 1) is considered in this paper. The bisteel beam presents a composition of high-strength steel inclusions for the flanges in the region of maximum stresses and of low-strength steel for remaining volume of the beam.

The aim of the paper is development of the explicit analytical model for description of plastic regions with respect to different steel properties as well as to dimensions of high-strength inclusions. The geometrical linear approach and perfectly plastic material model have been assumed.

The variation of the strength ratio of the both steels and the variation of the length of inclusion leads to different distributions of plastic regions in the web and the flanges (Fig 2). By fixing the depth of plastic penetration different explicit expressions (1–10) of the limit bending moment and plastic boundaries (11–18) presented in Fig 3 have been derived. After integration over elastic and plastic regions explicit expressions (19–21) of middle-span deflection have been derived.

Influence of different dimensions and material properties are investigated and presented graphically on Figs 5–8.

The proposed analytical model has been also tested numerically by the finite element method. The ANSYS code and tetrahedral elements have been used for these purpose (Figs 9–11). A good agreement between the proposed analytical model and numerical experiments has been obtained if the relative length of the high-strength inclusion does not exceed 60% (l inc /l ≤ 0.6) (Fig 12). Outside the range of this limit the influence of shear stresses is growing and analytical model has to be corrected by additional terms.
CONTROL OF PROCESS OF BUILDING GEOMETRY DESIGN/PASTATŲ GEOMETRIJOS PROJEKTAVIMO PROCESO VALDYMAS
Authors: Čiupaila Lionginas , Žiūrienė Ryte
Published: February 2019

Methods of the modern building design do not only help designers in their work, but also raise a number of different questions, especially in the cases of using maximum computer possibilities. One of the possible ways is to create a model of the interface of a workstation, which would have the following properties:

The design process (design tools and information) has to be made automatically, depending on the type of the designed object.

There should be a possibility to gain automatically one's experience and to use the existing information.

The way of the automatic control of the digital information has to be evaluated, as well as the means of the maximum use of the automatic information control qualities should be estimated.

The controlling of the information becomes rational only by the use of intelligent systems (Fig 1). This investigation covers the problems related with a spatial modelling only (Fig 2). Basic systems could not be rational due to their general purpose (Fig 3), so it is necessary to create a structure of separate groups of problems (Fig 4). The course and the means of solving this problem depend on the way one chooses: the design according to the analogue (Fig 5) or the design of an entirely new object (Fig 6). The rational work could be possible only by making the means of modelling and control (Fig 7–9).

General conclusions:

While analysing the methods of computer design used in Lithuanian companies of architectural design, there has been determined:

In the design process computers are being used as simple drawing tools for making different operations like with a pencil, to depict separate lines or even points. Computers are not used as functional objects, which realisation has become possible by using modern means of computer;

integration of computer design is used only in the limits of one project on rudimental level.

The analysis of the mostly used computer aided design (CAD) systems shows:

the most common and specialised CAD systems are used which differ in their possibilities and commercial price;

in spite of the existing technical and programme conditions, the highest achievement is only the development of integration with very low intelligent possibilities.

The interface of the visualisation of building spatial solution has been prepared on the base of analysis and created intellectual models:

the main functions of spatial design interface have been discussed, as well as algorithms of their realisation have been prepared;

a scheme of tool structure has been made.

By using the proposed models and algorithms there have been created the fragments of programme, which are realised by solving an example. This material could be used in the educational and practical design process. The algorithms of main operations and programmed models are made, enabling the use of modern design technologies and projects, created in traditional way.
HISTORY AND TRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT OF COLLOQUY/KOLOKVIUMŲ ORGANIZAVIMO ISTORIJA IR TENDENCIJOS
Authors: Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Kaklauskas Artūras
Published: February 2019

Per penkiolika metų įvyko aštuoni „Daugiakriterinių sprendimų priėmimo” kolokviumai. 2001 m. Vilniuje įvykęs kolokviumas yra aštuntasis.

Ankstesniuose septyniuose „Daugiakriterinių sprendimų priėmimo” kolokviumuose dalyvavo iš viso 105 pranešėjai. Paskelbta 90 straipsnų. Dalyvavo 57 mokslininkai iš septynių valstybių (buvusių VDR, VFR, SSSR, taip pat iš Čekijos, Lenkijos, Danijos, Lietuvos). Straipsnyje trumpai apžvelgiami visų aštuonių kolokviumų dalyvių darbų rezultatai daugiausia dėmesio skiriant mokslo šurnaluose skelbtai kolokviumų medšiagai. Be to, buvo bandyta surinkti informaciją apie kolokviumo dalyvių apgintas habilitacines ir daktaro disertacijas, jų parašytas mokslines knygas kolokviumo tematika, apibendrinti gautus rezultatus. Galbūt ne viską pavyko rasti, tačiau ir surinkta bibliografinė medžiaga yra gana turtinga, taigi verta ją. apibendrinti ir paskelbti. Tai palengvins darbą tiems autoriams, kuriuos domina sprendimų priėmimo statyboje problematika. Kolokviumų darbe dalyvavo 17 profesorių arba habilituotų daktarų (iš jų 7 1986–2000 m. apgynė habilitacines disertacijas) ir 15 mokslo daktarų arba docentų. Kiti dalyviai—moksliniai bendradarbiai, asistentai arba doktorantai. Kolokviumų tematika 27 asmenys iš kolokviumuose dalyvaujančių institucijų apgynė daktaro disertacijas. Nors ne visi šie asmenys tiesiogiai dalyvavo kolokviumo darbe, tačiau jie labai glaudžiai bendradarbiavo su jo dalyviais, konsultavosi su jais, paskelbė bendrų publikacijų. Daugelis kolokviumo dalyvių oponavo savo šalies ir kolegų is užsienio disertacijas, dalyvavo doktorantūros komitetuose, buvo daktaro disertacijų vadovai. Lietuvos atstovai paskelbė 40, Vokietijos—31, Lenkijos—19, Rusijos—4, Čekijos—2, Danijos—1 straipsnius. Kolokviumuose dalyvavo 19 Lietuvos, 18 Vokietijos, 11 Lenkijos, 5 Rusijos, 3 Čekijos ir 1 Danijos mokslininkai. Parengtos 23 knygos. Lietuvos mokslininkai dalyvavo rengiant 18 knygų, Vokietijos mokslininkai—5, Lenkijos—2, Rusijos—3, Danijos—2. Nemaža knygų parengė tarptautiniai kolektyvai.
RESEARCH ON THE SENSITIVITY OF MULTI- CRITERION EVALUATION METHODS/SENSIBILITÄTSUNTERSUCHUNGEN ZU METHODEN DER MEHRKRITERIELLEN ENTSCHEIDUNGEN
Authors: Peldschus Friedel
Published: February 2019

Investigations into the multi-criterion evaluations have been performed for different purposes for more than 30 years. Nevertheless, up to now there are no common rules how to apply multi-criterion methods of evaluation and how to interpret their results. But the solutions of the problem must be found.

The investigations are based on the joint programme LEVI developed by the VGTU and the Leipzig HSTEC. In accordance with the programme, for solving the problem a matrix is created in which all solution variants are evaluated by the same criteria. For the transformation of initial data different methods are used. Besides, the problem solution may be oriented to a choice of a variant and the determination of an optimal sequence or to the determination of the rational behaviour balance of two adversely interested groups. The maximisation, minimisation and mixed problems are distinguished. In case of the last mentioned problems the meanings may be unsuitable and expressions about the maximisation or minimisation too strong.

When solving the problem of maximisation by different transformation methods, similar curves are obtained and the results are not dispersed heavily. In case of the minimisation, when solving according to different transformations, a considerable deviation of results has been noticed.

The investigations also disclosed that solutions may vary depending on the optimisation goal. Dispersion of results in case of minimisation is stronger than in case of maximisation. When analysing different transformations, the vectorial transformation is regarded as “neutral” and there is no sense to include it into comparison. In case of the minimisation problem, linear transformations should be investigated in a more detailed way.