bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) for Various Disease Therapy: Systematic Review
Authors: Aulia Annisa , Rismayani Dessy , Nopiyanti Tita , Noli Zozy Aneloi , Maliza Rita
Published: January 2025

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of multipotent stem cells that can be found in various tissues of the body, possessing good regenerative qualities and promising immunomodulatory abilities for therapy in various medical conditions. MSCs can be obtained from bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose tissue, and Warthon's jelly. This study aims to present a systematic review of the use of mesenchymal stem cells in disease therapy, by evaluating the latest evidence regarding their efficacy and safety in various therapies. This review uses literature review methods from international data bases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. The total number of articles obtained from the database was 49 articles. These articles were then filtered using inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 22 articles for this systematic review. The research findings indicate that MSCs therapy has been used for the treatment of liver fibrosis, diabetes mellitus, spinal cord injury, and COVID-19. In MSCs therapy, mechanisms involved paracrine effects (MSCs produce cytokines, growth factors, and other proteins); immunomodulation (MSCs can suppress immune cell activation, inhibit lymphocyte proliferation, modulate natural killer T cell activation, and produce anti-inflammatory factors); angiogenesis (MSCs are capable of stimulating the growth of new blood vessels through secretion of VEGF and FGF); cellular differentiation; and anti-fibrotic effects. This is what makes MSCs potentially promising as an evolving alternative treatment.
The Use of Biochard for Improving Soil Quality and Environmental Services
Authors: Kusman Hardi , Mulyati Mulyati , Suwardji Suwardji
Published: January 2025

Biochar is recognized as a versatile and sustainable tool for improving agricultural and environmental conditions due to its unique physicochemical properties, such as soil fertility, nutrient retention and water holding capacity. The presence of biochar, which contains stabilized carbon, not only has a positive impact on plant growth and crop yields through microbial activity, but can also act as a sorbent to remove contaminants from soil and water. However, the use of biochar in soil and its effects on ecosystem services depend on several factors. This article explores the impact of biochar use on soil and the potential to address ecosystem service challenges by improving soil composition, increasing access to water, and removing contaminants, all to promote sustainable agriculture. The method of this article consists of a literature review by collecting data from various sources such as scientific journals, books and seminar proceedings. The data obtained were qualitatively analyzed to review and identify the information, resulting in a critical and comprehensive explanation and discussion of the role of biochar in improving soil and environmental quality for environmental services. The results of the literature review are presented in the form of a coherent, systematic and critical narrative. The results of this article review indicate that on-farm biochar application contributes significantly to climate change mitigation through various mechanisms, including biochar's ability to sequester carbon, improve soil quality, and minimize greenhouse gas emissions.
Effect of Solvent Extraction on Yield and Phytochemical Screening of Kedondong (Spondias dulcis) Leaf Extracts
Authors: Zahra Nisrina , Mukhlishah Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul , Hidayati Agriana Rosmalina
Published: January 2025

Kedondong (Spondias dulcis) is empirically used as a cough medicine, skin pain, burns, and antimicrobials. in addition, the people of Kembang Paseban Village, Mersam Subdistrict, Batanghari District, Jambi Province use kedondong leaves as a barut medicine (birth patch medicine). The pharmacological activity of kedondong leaf extract is as a wound healer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antipyretic, and as a larvicide. The yield value greatly affects the amount of bioactive content contained in the extract and can affect the results of phytochemical screening. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of solvent comparison on yield and phytochemical screening of ethyl acetate extract of kedondong leaves. The method used in this study was sonication with a solvent ratio of 1:5 and 1:10, the temperature and time used were 35oC and 30 minutes. The results obtained in the ratio of 1:5 obtained a higher % yield of 5.53% compared to the solvent ratio of 1:10 of 4.67%. While the metabolite compounds identified from ethyl acetate extract are flavonoids and alkaloids.
Evaluation of Growth Performance in Sinyonya Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with varying inclusion levels of Indigofera
Authors: Agung Lukman Anugrah , Hermawan Dodi , Massie Rudy Taufik Putra
Published: January 2025

Carp is a valuable freshwater fish that thrives in various temperatures and water conditions, making it suitable for cultivation in diverse regions to satisfy community needs for animal protein. However, one of the primary challenges in carp farming is the high cost of commercial feed, which can contribute up to 91.2% of total production expenses. Thus, identifying affordable alternative protein sources is essential. Indigofera zollingeriana, a protein- and amino acid-rich plant, shows potential as an alternative to traditional feed ingredients like soybean meal. This study examines the effectiveness of using Indigofera as a feed ingredient for Sinyonya carp (Cyprinus carpio). The research applied a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatment groups, each with varying Indigofera zollingeriana concentrations: TDI 0, TDI 25, TDI 50, TDI 75, and TDI 100. Findings revealed that Indigofera-based feed significantly boosted absolute growth and daily growth rate of the fish, although it did not influence feed efficiency or survival rate. The optimal concentration was determined to be TDI 75, or 75% Indigofera. Water quality remained favorable for the fish throughout the study.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Synbiotics, Probiotics, and Prebiotics Prevention
Authors: Aziri Zirly Vera , Manafe Carolina Janicca Winda
Published: January 2025

Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) or intestinal inflammation is a gastrointestinal disease that is the leading cause of death among infants. NEC is often diagnosed late due to its non-specific signs and symptoms, resulting in increased mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this paper is to explain the mechanisms of how synbiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics contribute to the prevention of NEC. Several randomized trials and observational studies have identified various factors associated with NEC. However, the causality of many of these factors remains unclear and may involve different etiological mechanisms. Prevention of NEC can be achieved through the administration of synbiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics. According to previous research, the administration of synbiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics has significant potential and benefits in preventing NEC. The data sources were obtained by conducting an online search through library databases, including PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, MDPI, and Google Scholar. According to previous research, the administration of synbiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics has significant potential and benefits in preventing NEC. This paper summarizes the current  etiology, risk factors and synbiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
Envenomation by Dangerous Jellyfish in Indonesia and Adjacent Areas: A Literature Review
Authors: Manafe Carolian Janicca Winda , Zirly Vera Aziri
Published: January 2025

This article reviews the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, prognosis, and complications associated with jellyfish stings. Cases of jellyfish envenomation are increasing in line with climate change and human activities in aquatic environments. Data show that jellyfish envenomation is frequent in tropical and subtropical waters, with the number of cases reported in Australia and the Western Pacific region, as well as some cases in Indonesia is higher compared to rest of Asia. The jellyfish species Chironex fleckeri, Portuguese man o' war, and Carukia barnesi have the potential to cause severe and life-threatening systemic manifestations. The initial management of jellyfish stings remains uncertain and is still a subject of debate. Appropriate and prompt first aid is crucial for improving the patient’s prognosis. Other factors, such as the patient's condition and the environment, also affect prognosis and the potential for complications.
Features and Visitor Impressions of the Riam Merasap Waterfall Tourist Spot in Pisak Village, Seventeen District, Bengkayang Regency
Authors: Yolandra Utin Kenny , Oramahi Hasan Ashari
Published: January 2025

Bengkayang Regency has a bunch of cool tourist spots, and one standout is the Merasap Waterfall in Pisak Village, Seventeen District. To really understand how a tourist area is developing, we need solid and representative data, especially from those who have actually visited. This info should reflect the visitors' own experiences. That's why knowing how visitors perceive the place is super important for future development plans. This study looks into how the local community views the growth of the Merasap Waterfall area in Pisak Village, Seventeen District, and also dives into factors like population, education, jobs, and the socio-cultural vibe of the area. We used a survey method with a sampling technique based on the Slovin formula. Overall, visitors think the development of the Merasap Waterfall tourist area is pretty great, giving it a thumbs up for the progress made in Pisak Village, Seventeen District, Bengkayang Regency.
Esting of Fungal Antagonists from The Rhyzosphere of Mother-in-Law's Tongue (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain) as a Fungal Control Agent Fusarium sp.
Authors: Julianty Dwita , Manalu Kartika , Nasution Rizki Amelia
Published: January 2025

Fusarium sp. is a serious problem for various plant commodities because of its ability to act as a pathogen and cause damage to plant anatomy and morphology. The rhizosphere fungus of the mother-in-law's tongue plant has more abundant inhibitory mechanisms and is able to directly inhibit hyphae growth and suppress the growth of pathogenic fungi, so it was chosen as a biocontrol agent in this research. The aim of this research was to determine the antagonistic properties and ability of the rhizosphere fungus from the mother-in-law's tongue plant (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain) against the fungus Fusarium sp. This research was carried out with data analysis starting with sterilization and making media, then taking soil samples from the rhizosphere of the mother-in-law's tongue using the purposive random sampling to continue with the isolation and purification stage of the rhizosphere fungus of the mother-in-law's tongue plant. Antagonist test of fungi from the rhizosphere of snake plant against the fungus Fusarium sp. carried out using a double culture method (dual culture). The data obtained were then analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2013 to obtain an average inhibition which shows the potential of fungi from the rhizosphere of the plants as controlling agents for the fungus Fusarium sp. The results of isolation and antagonistic tests, the five isolates of snake plant rhizosphere fungus (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain) have varying inhibitions ranging from very weak to moderate. The highest inhibition against Fusarium sp. was shown by isolate JDT12, while the lowest inhibition was shown by isolate JDT11. The antagonism mechanism found by isolate JDT12 is the antibiosis mechanism.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Stem Cell as Future Potential Therapy
Authors: Syafitri Bq. Annisa Salmaadani , Manafe Carolina Janicca Winda , Hulfifa Lale Nandita , Aziri Zirly Vera , Afifah Fiza , Wahyudi Syahla Marsellita , Musyarof Disa Fadil
Published: January 2025

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory bowel condition in infants and considered as one of the leading causes of death in infants, especially premature infants. The high mortality rate due to NEC in recent decades has become a problem because there is no current therapy that can optimally treat NEC. Currently, NEC is treated using Bell's Staging as a guide and surgery is a common procedure, especially if necrosis has occurred. However, complications arising from surgery not only reduce the patient's quality of life but can also result in death. Therefore, it is necessary to find new therapy in order to treat NEC effectively and minimize the possibility of side effects in NEC patients. Stem cells are known for their regenerative abilities which is potential to overcome tissue damage due to excessive inflammation in NEC. Previous studies also show that stem cells have become new therapy to treat other intestinal diseases which have similar features with NEC. This study aims to explain mainly on stem cells’s promising mechanism of action in treating NEC. The method used for this study is a literature review design by selecting and reviewing relevant previous literature using databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. This paper summarizes pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, current therapy and mechanism of action of stem cells and their derivatives as future potential therapy for NEC. Based on evidence found, stem cells and their derivatives are potential to be used as NEC therapy in the future. However, the data obtained is not sufficient to support its use in humans. Given the urgency in finding an effective NEC management and the potency of stem cells, further research is needed to support the use of stem cells as NEC therapy.
Detection of mecA Gene As a Marker for Staphylococcus aureus Types of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Using PCR Technique
Authors: Sari Monica Ayu Retno , Qurrohman Muhammad Taufiq , Dewangga Vector Stephen
Published: January 2025

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium responsible for various infections, showing strong resistance to β-lactam antibiotics due to the mecA gene, which encodes Penicillin-Binding Protein 2A (PBP2A). This resistance contributes to the emergence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), posing significant challenges in clinical settings. Detecting the mecA gene is crucial for identifying MRSA and guiding appropriate treatments. This study aimed to detect the mecA gene in clinical pus samples from patients with MRSA infections in hospitals in Surakarta. A qualitative descriptive design was used. DNA was isolated from 12 clinical pus samples, and the mecA gene was detected using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Gel electrophoresis visualized the amplified DNA bands, and results were analyzed based on comparison with positive and negative controls and a DNA ladder. The results showed positive amplification of the mecA gene in all clinical samples, with clear DNA bands at 571 base pairs. One sample (SP1) and the positive control exhibited weaker bands, but the presence of the mecA gene was confirmed in all cases. The study concluded that all clinical samples were positive for the mecA gene, indicating the presence of MRSA. PCR proved to be an effective tool for detecting the mecA gene in clinical samples and is valuable for identifying MRSA in healthcare settings.
Composition and Structure of Trees and Saplings in the Catchment Area of PLTA PT. Kerinci Merangin Hydro, Jambi
Authors: Fadhlan Adli , Chairul Chairul , Solfiyeni  , Muchtar Erizal
Published: January 2025

In the management of the catchment area, vegetation plays a crucial role in regulating the hydrological cycle of the ecosystem. However, the construction of dams for hydropower plants and the lack of management of the surrounding area pose a serious threat to forest deforestation. This study aimed to determine the composition and structure of tree stands and tree saplings in the catchment area of PT Kerinci Merangin Hydro Power Plant, Jambi. This method uses a field survey by conducting vegetation analysis on 20 m x 50 m sub-plots with a size of 10 m x 10 m and 5 m x 5 m for trees and saplings. Based on the results, 21 families, 31 genera, 36 species, and 54 individuals were found in the tree strata with Lauraceae as the co-dominant family with a percentage of 12.96%, while the composition of sapling strata plant vegetation found 17 families, 23 genera, 25 species, and 33 individuals with the co-dominant family in the Sapindaceae family with a percentage of 15.15%. Microcos sp. species has the highest INP of 28.80% for tree strata and Dimocarpus sp. for sapling strata at 28.39%. The diversity index was high in the tree stratum at 3.43 and sapling at 3.13. This study can help determine strategies for implementing soil and water conservation, especially forestry regulations, in landscape management.
Potential Test of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Infant Feces on The Growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Farras Afif , Hasbi Nurmi , Parwata Wayan Sulaksmana Sandhi
Published: January 2025

Staphylococcus epidermidis can cause various health infections such as in the urinary tract, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, wounds, blood, and endocarditis. Treatment of S. epidermidis infections generally uses chemical antibiotics. However, the use of natural ingredients such as good bacteria such as Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) can be used as an alternative in treating infections by S. epidermidis. LAB is a probiotic that has benefits on human health. This study aims to determine the antibacterial potential of LAB against the growth of S. epidermidis. This research is a laboratory experimental research with post test only design. The stage starts from making media for test bacteria. Then the bacterial rejuvenation stage was carried out using the media that had been made. After the bacteria grow on the media, the bacteria are made into a suspension. Furthermore, antibacterial tests were carried out using the agar well diffusion method and each treatment was carried out as many as 3 repetitions. All isolates were found to be able to produce inhibition zones against S. epidermidis with 3 isolates with codes 01A 10-5, 01A 10-6 (2), and 03A 10-7 (1) categorized as moderate and 5 isolates with codes 01F 10-6 (2), 01F 10-7 (2), 02AF 10-7 (1), 03AF 10-7 (2), and 04AF 10-7 categorized as weak. The best zone of inhibition in the medium category was produced by locus-shaped LAB isolates. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that LAB from baby feces has antibacterial activity with weak to moderate strength, but the antibacterial activity is still classified as ineffective in inhibiting S. epidermidis. Further identification of antibacterial compounds in LAB from baby feces is recommended for quantitative analysis.
Accuracy of Non-Contact Infrared Thermometer Results with Digital Axillary Thermometers in Infants at Pejeruk Public Health Centers
Authors: Gifari Lalu Maulana Azmi , Wiguna Putra Aditya , Indriyani Sang Ayu Kompiyang , Parwata Wayan Sulaksmana Sandhi , Haq Abiyyu Didar
Published: January 2025

In Public Health Centers, measuring an infant's body temperature with an axillary digital thermometer often causes discomfort and requires a considerable amount of time to obtain an accurate reading. Non-contact infrared thermometers could offer a suitable alternative due to their quick and portable nature. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of temperature measurements between non-contact infrared thermometers and axillary digital thermometers for infants, conducted at the Pejeruk Public Health Center. The study employed an observational analytical design, with axillary digital thermometers serving as the gold standard for measurements. Temperature readings were taken from 62 infant participants. The results revealed an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) below 0.50, indicating poor accuracy, and a wide agreement limit on the Bland-Altman plot. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is inadequate accuracy between the temperature measurements obtained using the non-contact infrared thermometer and the axillary digital thermometer.
Isolation and Analysis of Microplastics in Ikan Tongkol Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849 at Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Base, East Lombok
Authors: Syahadatina Rifqah Hashifah , Prasedya Eka Sunarwidhi , Candri Dining Aidil
Published: January 2025

The increasing amount of plastic consumption in Indonesia has an impact on the accumulation of plastic waste on land as well as water, with the nature of plastic that is difficult to decompose by microorganisms causing many organisms to be polluted by the waste. Therefore, research on microplastic content needs to be done to determine the safety of fish which is the food of the community. This study was conducted to find out how the abundance of microplastics as well as the characteristics of microplastics contained in Ikan Tongkol  (Euthynnus affinis) at PPI Tanjung Luar, through an isolation process using a 10% KOH solution added to fish meat, then incubated until both were homogeneous in a water bath at 70°C, 150 rpm. Furthermore, the homogenized sample was filtered using a 250 µm graded sieve. After filtering the sample will be put into a dryer at 40°C for 2 hours before being observed under a microscope. The results of this study indicate that microplastics have accumulated in fish with an abundance of 8.6 MP/Ind with the type of microplastics that most accumulates in the meat of Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) is fiber type microplastics as much as 81% of the total sample and the most dominant color is black. There are 4 microplastics found accumulated in the meat of Euthinnus affinis, namely 81% fiber, 11% fragments, 6% film, and 2% granules.
Article Review: Pharmacological Activities of Renggak Plant (Amomum dealbatum Roxb.)
Authors: Cahyani Dina Fathia , Hidayati Agriana Rosmalina
Published: January 2025

The renggak plant (Amomum dealbatum Roxb.) is a native plant of Lombok Island that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and is traditionally used as a remedy for coughs, diarrhea, arthritis, and eye washes. Ethanol extract from the renggak fruit is reported to contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, polyphenols, and several other types of fatty acids, which have various pharmacological activities. This review article aims to provide information on the various pharmacological activities of the renggak plant, including antidiabetic, antiurease, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. The method used in this article is a systematic review of various literature sources. Articles were collected using the Google Scholar and PubMed databases with keywords such as Renggak, Amomum dealbatum Roxb., and pharmacological activities. Based on the data results, it can be concluded that the renggak plant (Amomum dealbatum Roxb.) exhibits pharmacological activities as an antidiabetic, antiurease, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antifungal agent.
In Vivo Antidiabetic Potential Test of Suruhan’s (Peperomia pellucida) Purified Extract Using Alloxan-Induced Wistar Rats
Authors: Sa'ad Muhammad , Kusuma Eka Wisnu , Susanti Ira , Handayani Dewi Uthamy
Published: January 2025

Natural-based antidiabetic drugs need to be developed as an alternative to synthetic antidiabetic drugs to minimize side effects. Suruhan extract (Peperomia pellucida) is one of the natural ingredients that has antidiabetic activity. In vitro studies show that ethanol extract, hexane extract and purified ethanol extract have antidiabetic effectiveness. This study was conducted to test the antidiabetic activity of purified suruhan extract on alloxan-induced Wistar rats to confirm antidiabetic activity in vivo. A total of 8 test groups, each consisting of 3 rats induced by alloxan 125mg/KgBW and non-fasting blood glucose was checked at 0; 30; 60; 90; 120; and 150 minutes using a glucometer, then the percentage of decrease in blood glucose levels was calculated. Positive control using glibenclamide 0.45mg/KgBW, negative control using CMC-Na 0.5%. The treatment groups consisted of: Extract 20mg/KgBW (E20); Extract 40mg/KgBW (E40); Extract 80mg/KgBW (E80); Purified Extract 20mg/KgBW (P20); Purified Extract 40mg/KgBW (P40); and Purified Extract 80mg/KgBW (P80). Results showed the percentage decrease in blood glucose levels of E20; E40; E80; P20; P40; and P80 respectively: 39.93%; 42.29%; 46.93%; 38.34%; 55.34%; and 66.40%. The percentage decrease in blood glucose levels of the positive control group was 53.71%. The Purified Extract treatment groups of 40mg/KgBW and 80mg/KgBW showed the percentage decrease in blood glucose levels equivalent to and better than the positive control of glibenclamide 0.45mg/KgBW (p<0.05%). The purified extract was shown to have antidiabetic effects in vivo and is promising for use as an alternative antidiabetic drug.
Bird Diversity and its Potential for Tourism Activities in Mangrove Areas, Carocok Anau, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Khairini Ridha , Mukhtar Erizal , Novarino Wilson
Published: January 2025

Avitourism is activity that utilizes bird diversity in economic aspect that provides benefits for conservation and economic improvement. Mangrove ecosystem in Carocok Anau located in tourist area that has high potential to diversity of bird species. Data related to bird diversity and potential in tourism activities have not been conducted. This study aims to analyze bird diversity and its potential in tourism activities in Carocok Anau mangrove ecosystem area. This research was carried out from February until April 2024. The method used is the point count method. Data collection is species and numbers of bird species was carried out at 15 observation points. The distance of each points was 150 meters with 50 meters of radius observation. Data collection in 10 minutes of each point. Observation was conducted during four days, and continued by bird species identification. Data analysis used is Shannon Wiener diversity index, evenness index and richness index. The results found 40 bird species with 1023 individu. Dominated by family of E strildidae and species of Collocalia esculenta. The diversity index value of 2.51 included in medium diversity category. 0.68 for evenness index value with uneven category and 5.63 for richness index with high species richness category. Birds with ecotourism attractions found are three types of raptors, one endemic, 13 protected bird, there are eight bird with attractive feather colors and 20 bird with beautiful voices, so that the Carocok Anau mangrove ecosystem area has capability to avitourism activity.
Characteristics of Orange-Footed Scrubfowl (Megapodius reinwardt) Nest in Tunak Montain Natural Tourism Park
Authors: Hasbudiana Anisa , Yamin M. , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
Published: January 2025

Orange-footed scrubfowl (Megapodius reinwardt) is a protected animal. Especially on the island of Lombok, one of the habitats of the orange-footed scrubfowl bird is in Tunak Montain Nature Tourism Park. The condition of the nest will influence the frequency of presence of orange-footed scrubfowl. In this regard, to enrich information in its conservation, it is necessary to carry out research on the characteristics of the nests of the orange-footed scrubfowl. The aim of this research to determine the nest characteristics of the orange-footed scrubfowl in Tunak Montain Nature Tourism Park. The method used is direct measurement and observation in the field. The results of the research show that the nest of the orange-footed scrubfowl bird is in the form of a mound of earth composed of leaves, branches, tree twigs, sand and rocks. The height of the nest mound ranges from 57-160 cm, and the diameter of the nest mound is 500-1,030 cm. The number of holes in each nest varies, namely between 5-9 holes, with a hole depth of 67-142 cm and a nest hole diameter of 30-41 cm. The dominant factors of the abiotic component of the nest that have a singular influence on the presence of orange-footed scrubfowl are distance to the river channel and number of predators. The tendency to choose a nesting area based on the results of Chi-Square analysis is influenced by five variables, namely, distance to the river, soil texture, altitude, temperature and number of predators around the nest.
Optimization of Hydroponic Growing Media Using Eco-Enzyme and Fish Waste for the Growth of Garlic Chives (Allium tuberosum)
Authors: Puspita Siti Neni , Rahmadina Rahmadina , Idami Zahratul
Published: January 2025

Chives are a type of vegetable that comes from the lily family (bulb plants). This plant contains vitamins B and C, carotene and sulfur components. As time goes by, planting media not only uses soil media, but also uses air media, known as hydroponics. Good nutrition for hydroponic growth is one that contains micro and macro nutrients such as eco enzyme nutrients and fish waste. This research aims to determine the growth of chive plants (Allium tuberosum) in hydroponic growing media and to find out the most effective nutrients in increasing the growth of chives (Allium tuberosum) using hydroponic growing media. Data were collected using a non-factorial randomized block design (RAK), namely with nutritional treatment P1: AB Mix (5 ml/liter of air), P2: Eco enzyme + fish waste (5 ml/liter of air), P3: Eco enzyme (5 ml/liter of air), P4: fish waste (5 ml/liter of air). Based on the research results, P3 had a real influence on plant height at 1 and 2 MST with results of 9 cm at 1 MST and 13.33 cm at 2 MST. P1 had a real influence on plant height at 3.4 and 5 MST. The leaf area index parameter P1 had a significant effect at 5 MST with a result of 9.67 cm but had no real effect at 6 MST. The values of net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, and chlorophyll content were not significantly impacted by P1. The parameters of leaf area index, chlorophyll content, relative growth rate, and net assimilation rate were not significantly affected by P2, P3, or P4.
Effect of Citric Acid and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on Browning of Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol (Blume) Hook.f. & Thomson) Nodes
Authors: Marendeng Yunita Kendek , Viorenta Miranda Gardha , Sinaga Meisi Olivia , Christy Nita Elvira , Sibarani Devi Sonti , Restiani Ratih
Published: January 2025

Browning is a major constraint in in vitro propagation of Kepel (S. burahol). Therefore, the selection of an effective anti-browning compound can be useful to prevent browning in Kepel in vitro culture and produce explants that are able to regenerate. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of the addition of citric acid and PVP at different concentrations and incubation conditions on the prevention of browning in in vitro cultures of S. burahol. This research is an experimental study using S.burahol node explants. The research design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with citric acid and PVP treatments of 300 and 400 ppm respectively and control incubated in dark and light conditions. Each treatment was repeated twice. The culture was incubated for 28 days. Observations were conducted on browning initiation time, browning intensity and callus initiation time. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that citric acid treatment of 300 and 400 ppm and incubation of cultures in dark conditions effectively reduced the intensity of browning (0.2) and browning initiation time (6 DAI). In addition, the suplementation of 400 ppm citric acid and incubation in light conditions was also effective in initiating the fastest callus at 2 DAI. The results suggest that the addition of citric acid at concentrations of 300 and 400 ppm is more effective at slowing browning and reducing browning intensity for S. burahol node explants than PVP. The results of this study play an important role in supporting efforts to increase the productivity of S. burahol nodes growth through in vitro culture.
Mangrove Species Diversity as a Coastal Ecosystem Buffer in Sonde Village, Rangsang Pesisir District, Meranti Islands Regency
Authors: Pebriandi Pebriandi , Aprianto M. Ikhsan , Sribudiani Evi , Somadona Sonia , Mardhiansyah Muhammad , Darlis Viny Volcherina
Published: January 2025

Mangrove diversity in Indonesia, including in Sonde Village, Rangsang Pesisir District, and Meranti Islands Regency, is one of the country's assets that is very important both ecologically, socially, and economically. This study aims to determine the diversity of mangrove species in the Tuah Sonde Forest Farmer Group Community Forest area. The method used was transect with random start with vegetation data collection conducted from June to July 2022. Data analysis includes quantitative descriptive analysis by calculating the Important Value Index (IVI) and the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'). The results showed that there were six mangrove species found in Sonde Village, namely Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops tangal, Bruguiera cylindrica, Xylocarpus granatum, Sonneratia alba, and Avicennia marina. Sonneratia alba species dominated at the tree level with the highest INP of 167.66%, while Rhizophora apiculata dominated at the seedling and sapling levels with INPs of 111.52% and 76.74% respectively. The species diversity index (H') at the seedling and sapling level shows a medium category, while at the tree level is in the low category. Mangrove species diversity in Sonde Village is influenced by environmental factors such as tides and human activities, especially illegal logging which has the potential to reduce the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems in the region.
The Effect of NPK Fertilizer and Liquid Organic Fertilizer Made From Rice Washing Water on the Growth of Pakchoy (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Maulanda Rezqi , Raksun Ahmad , Mertha I Gde
Published: January 2025

Macronutrients (N, P, and K) are essential for plants. Plants that are deficient in any of these elements may produce less in terms of both quantity and quality. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how pakchoy (Brassica rapa L.) growth is impacted by the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer from rice washing water and NPK fertilizer. This study used a completely randomized design with two components and five treatment levels: liquid organic fertilizer treated with rice washing water (0 ml, 10 ml, 20 ml, 30 ml, and 40 ml) and NPK fertilizer treatment (0 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 1.5 g, and 2 g). Anova was used to examine research data. The study's findings demonstrated that NPK fertilizer significantly impacted plant growth in terms of plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, and wet and dry weight. Plant height, the quantity of leaves, and plant wet weight were not significantly affected by rice-washed liquid organic fertilizer, but leaf area and dry weight were. The growth of pakchoy was not significantly impacted by the combination of liquid organic fertilizer from rice washing water and NPK fertilizer.
Relationship between Body Mass Index and Anemia in Adolescent Girls at Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Islam
Authors: Arsy Lazuardi , Cholidah Rifana , Ayunda Rahmah Dara
Published: January 2025

Indonesia, 4 out of 10 teenagers suffer from anemia. Adolescent girls have a higher likelihood of experiencing anemia due to physical and psychological changes that affect greater nutritional needs. Some references associate anemia with differences in body mass index, thus further research is needed on the relationship between body mass index and the occurrence of anemia. This study aims to determine the relationship between Body Mass Index and the occurrence of Anemia in adolescent girls at MA Nurul Islam. The research design used in this study is cross-sectional. The population consisted of adolescent girls aged 15-18 years from MA Nurul Islam who had started menstruating. The study employed consecutive sampling technique, involving a total of 46 participants. The chi-square test results indicate no association between body mass index and the occurrence of anemia (p = 1.000; PR = 0.800; 95% CI = 0.178-3.587). Additionally, other characteristics such as menstrual duration, menstrual cycle, iron supplement consumption, and parental income also did not show significant associations with the occurrence of anemia among adolescent girls at MA Nurul Islam in this study. This study found no association between body mass index (BMI) and the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls at MA Nurul Islam. Other characteristics examined, such as menstrual duration, menstrual cycle, iron supplement consumption, and parental income, also did not show significant associations with the occurrence of anemia. Therefore, further research with different approaches is needed to evaluate other factors that may affect anemia in adolescent girls.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Aspergillosis
Authors: Harliza Baiq Fanindya , Fathana Prima Belia
Published: January 2025

Aspergillosis is an infection caused by the fungus Aspergillus , which typically affects individuals with weakened immune systems. One of the more serious forms of this infection is chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, which has a mortality rate of over 50%. This infection is estimated to affect approximately 3 million people worldwide, making it a significant global health issue. Accurate diagnosis and effective management are crucial to reducing morbidity and mortality. This article aims to explore the diagnosis and management of aspergillosis. The method employed is a literature review, with data obtained from various scientific articles through databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, with a publication limit of the last 10 years. Diagnosis of aspergillosis is based on clinical manifestations and supported by laboratory, radiological, and mycological examinations. Management of aspergillosis includes the administration of oral corticosteroids, antifungal drugs, surgery, and immunomodulatory therapy. Diagnosis is established based on clinical symptoms and relevant supporting examinations, while treatment is adjusted according to the severity of the infection and the patient's overall health condition. The conclusion of this article emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management in reducing the mortality rate associated with aspergillosis.
Study of the Use of Local Wisdom to Control Weeds to Support Sustainable Agricultural Businesses in Purworejo Village, Modayag District
Authors: Mokoginta Agustinus , Pobela Elva , Dosa Saskia
Published: January 2025

Local wisdom is the basic knowledge of life, obtained from experience or the truth of life, can be abstract or concrete, balanced with nature and the culture of a particular community group. This research aims to determine the use of local wisdom to support sustainable agriculture. Research location in Purworejo and East Puwerejo Villages, Modayag District, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency. Data used in the form of primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from farmers via a list of questions has been prepared, while secondary data is obtained from the District Office or Village Office. How to take samples using Purposive sampling with took a sample of 60 farmer. The analysis used is descriptive analysis. Results This research shows that the farming community utilizes the local wisdom of weed plants before planting the weed plants, everything is cleaned, after that the weeds that have been cleaned are piled up with soil, their belief is that these weeds can produce natural fertilizer or nutrients for the plants to be planted.
Effect of NPK Fertilizer and Burning Rice Husk Planting Media on the Growth of Spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.)
Authors: Katrina Katrina , Raksun Ahmad , Mertha I Gde
Published: January 2025

Applying fertilizer can increase spinach productivity. Fertilization is necessary because the nutrients in the soil can be reduced as a result of being absorbed by plants continuously. For plants to thrive, there must be an adequate supply of nutrients. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the impact of roasted rice husk and NPK fertilizer, as well as the ideal ratio of the two to promote spinach development. A fully randomized design comprising two components, five treatment levels, and three replications was employed in this investigation. The plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, wet weight, and dry weight were all significantly impacted by the NPK fertilizer element, according to the Anova data. At 18 days after planting, the factor of burnt rice husk significantly affected plant height; however, at 35 days after planting, it had no significant influence. The interaction of NPK fertilizer and roasted rice husk had no significant effect on all observation parameters. The best treatment on plant height, leaf area, and wet weight was the dose of 200 g of roasted rice husk and 1.6 g NPK fertilizer, the best treatment on the number of leaves was the dose of 50 g of roasted rice husk and 1.6 g NPK fertilizer, the best treatment on dry weight was the dose of 100 g of roasted rice husk and 1.6 g NPK fertilizer.
Potential of Ulva lactuca and Sargassum duplicatum as Antihyperglycemic Agents in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Aunurrahman Muhammad Rezky Audia , Putri Atina Rizki , Ishlahi Salsabila Dinda Nuril , Putri Radiah Meilani , Tito I.P.N Anak Agung Bagus , Rizaldi Muhammad Hilman , Dewi Citranggana Prajnya
Published: January 2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that occurs chronically and is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Current treatment of type 2 DM is with long-term oral hypoglycemic drug therapy, which is known to have side effects, such as kidney and liver disorders, so there is a need for drugs that have minimal potential side effects such as the use of Ulva lactuca and Sargassum duplicatum from seaweed. This paper will summarize the antihyperglycemic effects of Ulva lactuca and Sargassum duplicatum. The method used by researchers in this research is a literature study writing method that uses literature sources through Google Scholar and several credible websites such as Pubmed with the last 10 years of searches for articles and journals in Indonesian and English. The results of this study indicate that there is antidiabetic content in seaweed with Ulva lactuca and Sargassum duplicatum so that its use can be used as a complementary medicine. Therefore, treatment using seaweed with Ulva lactuca and Sargassum duplicatum has the potential to be developed to become a drug with minimal side effects in the treatment of type 2 DM in Indonesia.
Ecology of Scaphium macropodum in the Sarolangun Jambi Production Forest Area
Authors: Lubis Rizky Febriana Br , Marpaung Sutan Sahala Muda , Srena Mona Fhitri , Kusuma Yosie Syadza , Batubara Junianto S. , Siadari Ulidesi
Published: January 2025

The Pengulu Tribe in Limun District, Sarolangun Regency, Jambi Province, has long used the fruit of *Scaphium macropodum*—locally known as "merpayang" or "mempayang"—as a traditional medicine. *Scaphium macropodum* belongs to the Sterculiaceae family and has a broader distribution compared to its seven subspecies. This study investigates the ecology of *S. macropodum* to provide initial information on its use by the Pengulu Tribe, as well as the population and habitat conditions in Sarolangun Jambi's production forest. The study aims to estimate the population of *S. macropodum* in the forest and analyze the ecological factors influencing its habitat. Conducted between December 2023 and January 2024, the research utilized observation, interviews, and literature review methods, with data analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. Ecological factors were examined using the Importance Value Index (INP), diversity and evenness indices, community similarity index (Ward method), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The study identified 47 species from 18 tree families within the *S. macropodum* habitat. The dominant species in two research sites, APL NM and HA DM, were *Shorea parviflora* (meranti). At HL DT and APL DM, the dominant species were *Shorea multiflora* (squirrel coconut) and *Canarium* sp. (mosquito legs). The Shannon-Wiener diversity analysis indicated moderate diversity and evenness across the four sites. APL NM and HA DM had significant community similarity (90.81%), while APL DM had a lower diversity index compared to the other sites.
Predation Intensity on the Brittle Star Ophiomastix annulosa on Serinting Beach of Lombok Island
Authors: Al-Khulaifi Fazza Firjatullah , Bachtiar Imam , Khairuddin Khairuddin , Suyantri Eni
Published: January 2025

The Ophiuroid has an important role in intertidal area. Many scientific papers show predation (partial loss of arms) on Ophiuroid. Predators of the Ophiuroid include sea urchins, sea stars, demersal fish, shrimp, and crabs. Ophiuroid that have a larger disc diameter can prey on species that have a smaller disc diameter. This study aims to describe the predation intensity of the Ophiomastix annulosa using the cruising method and analyze the correlation between disc diameter and predation intensity at the Serinting Beach, Special Economic Zone (SEZ) of Mandalika. The results showed that disc diameter and predation intensity on O. annulosa varied greatly. The size of the disc diameter found ranged from 1.01-2.55 cm. Most disc diameters were found at 1.55-1.84 cm. A total of 45% of the sample brittle star experienced predation. Predation intensity was mostly found at loosing one arm. There was no correlation between O. annulosa disc diameter and predation intensity at Serinting Beach Mandalika.
Estimation of Carbon Content in Mangrove Stands in The Santong Bay Mangrove Ecotourism Area Sumbawa Regency
Authors: Safitri Desti Suci , Latifah Sitti , Valentino Niechi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the vegetation composition, estimate biomass content, and examine carbon storage in mangrove stands in the Mangrove Ecotourism Area of Teluk Santong. The research employs a descriptive method to provide insights into natural phenomena or community relations by studying existing issues based on collected data, which is then processed through data presentation, analysis, and drawing conclusions. *Rhizophora apiculata* species dominate the mangrove area, with the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) for tree level reaching 365.50%. The estimated carbon stored in the mangrove stands is 3.07 tons/ha, with a biomass of 6.53 tons/ha and carbon dioxide storage of 76.52 tonsCO₂/ha. Carbon storage in a particular mangrove species increases with the growth in individual tree diameter. *Rhizophora apiculata* has higher density, diameter, and biomass values than *Avicennia alba*. Additionally, the CO₂ absorption capacity of *Rhizophora apiculata* is much higher than that of *Avicennia alba*, reaching 69 tons CO₂/ha.