bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Federalization on Health Sector in Nepal: New Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Vaidya Anju , Simkhada Padam , Simkhada Bibha
Published: August 2020

The promulgation of constitution of Nepal in 2015 has shifted the unitary government of Nepal towards federalism with significant devolution of power to seven newly created provinces, each with their own unicameral legislature. The major challenges during the transition phase in health sector are spillover effects, unclear roles and responsibilities of local authorities, human resource management and strengthening capacity at local level as per local need. Despite these challenges, federalism brings fertile ground for the local government to work more closely with their people; with more effective financing and planning based on evidences and their need. Keywords: Federalism; health sector; Nepal; challenges; opportunities.
Correlation of Central with Jugular and Upper-limb Venous Pressure Measurements
Authors: Karki Sanjit , Bhattarai Madhur Dev
Published: August 2020

Background: Correlation data of different external reference points and methods used to measure venous pressures are scarce in the literature. We correlated central venous pressure with jugular venous pressure measured from sternal angle and with jugular and upper-limb venous pressures from zero level corresponding to mid-right-atrium level. Methods: A hospital-based observational study in the medical and surgical intensive care units was conducted for period of one year.” Central venous pressure was measured from right fourth intercostal space in mid-axillary line and jugular venous pressure from sternal angle and jugular and upper-limb venous pressures from horizontal plane through the midpoint of anteroposterior line from anterior end of right fourth intercostal space to back. We measured central venous pressure by central venous cannulation and jugular and upper-limb venous pressures clinically by JVP Meter®. Upper-limb venous pressure was indicated by collapse of visible veins in dorsum of hands as the arm was slowly raised from dependent position.Results: Correlation coefficient (r) values were 0.61 between central venous pressure and jugular venous pressure from zero level, 0.48 between central venous pressure and jugular venous pressure from sternal angle, and 0.31 between central and upper-limb venous pressures; and 0.67 and 0.50 between central venous pressure measured from right internal jugular vein and jugular venous pressure from zero level and sternal angle respectively and0.52 and 0.44 between central venous pressure from right sub-clavian vein and jugular venous pressure from zero level and sternal angle respectively. Conclusions: Different correlation values indicate the need to have future investigations and consensus on the common external reference point and methods to measure venous pressures. Keywords: CVP; heart failure; JVP; JVP Meter; shock
O ensino-aprendizagem das cores e das formas na educação infantil: uma experiência com alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA)
Authors: Gouveia Natalia Lázara , Chaves Naíma de Paula Salgado
Published: August 2020

A discussão sobre inclusão escolar de alunos que possuem necessidades específicas está cada vez mais presente na sociedade. É preciso fornecer meios e condições adequadas para aprendizado destes alunos e incluí-los com os demais, como: aulas diferenciadas, brincadeiras e jogos educativos que facilitam a aprendizagem. Ações como estas e outras permitem o desenvolvimento dos mesmos. Sendo assim, o presente estudo se propôs a relatar as contribuições para a inclusão a partir de uma atividade “Comprando minha fruta preferida” desenvolvida com uma aluna com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) em uma turma de Educação Infantil. Foi aplicada uma atividade dinâmica de visita a um comércio de alimentos, onde os alunos compraram uma fruta de sua preferência, no local foi explicado sobre as formas, variedades e cores das frutas, verduras e legumes. Logo após, os alunos retornaram à escola para ser explicado sobre a utilização das frutas e dos resíduos gerados após o consumo, como a casca e sementes.  A degustação destas frutas foi realizada em seguida, e após esta etapa os alunos realizaram uma atividade no livro referente a prática. Durante a atividade, observou-se, a participação da aluna com TEA. As atitudes da mesma foram opostas ao habitual da sala de aula, a agressividade, a constante agitação e a dificuldade de concentração deram lugar ao interesse e realização da atividade, além da maior afetividade e envolvimento com colegas e professoras. Portanto, estratégias pedagógicas diferenciadas ampliam possibilidades de aprendizagem e, bem como, a função de atender com eficácia alunos com necessidades específicas.
Aplicabilidade clínica das resinas indiretas: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Ribeiro Amanda de Oliveira Pinto , Barbosa Isabel Ferreira , Pedrosa Letícia Meinberg , Câmara João Victor Frazão , Pierote Josué Junior Araujo , Pereira Gisele Damiana da Silveira , Silva Igor Batista da
Published: August 2020

Introdução: Os compósitos indiretos, ou cerômeros, possuem uma melhor resistência, um aumento maior de conversão de monômeros em polímeros devido a possibilidade de polimerização complementar, melhor acabamento e polimento, diminuição dos problemas relacionados a contração de polimerização quando comparadas as resinas compostas diretas. Contudo, dúvidas ainda existem quanto à utilização, indicação, e a longevidade dos cerômeros. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão da literatura com o intuito de analisar as evidências científicas existentes sobre os compósitos indiretos. Método: Foram utilizados artigos científicos em Português e em Inglês publicados nos últimos 20 anos, além de artigos referências no tema. As bases de consulta de dados foram Publicações Médicas (PUBMED), Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO) e livros complementares. Conclusão: Conforme o levantamento bibliográfico realizado, as resinas compostas indiretas possuem características que indicam ser uma boa opção restauradora, e são indicadas para restaurações indiretas, como coroas totais, cavidades Classe II ou Classe V, área estética e principalmente em restaurações do tipo onlay/inlay.
Saúde nas estradas: estratégia para investigar a síndrome metabólica em caminhoneiros
Authors: Loureiro Lucrécia Helena , Silva Ilda Cecília Moreira da , Cavaliere Marcelo , Sant'anna Edineia , Novaes Mayra Rozália , Andrighi Tatiana Aragão Correa
Published: August 2020

O objetivo desta investigação realizada pelo Centro de Referência Saúde do Trabalhador – Média Paraíba I foi analisar alguns aspectos da saúde de caminhoneiros que transitaram pelo eixo que corresponde à malha viária entre as cidades do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, identificando possíveis alterações relacionadas à Síndrome Metabólica. Método: foram avaliados 526 caminhoneiros do interior do Rio de Janeiro, na Rodovia Presidente Dutra BR-116. Utilizou-se um questionário fechado, que avaliava alterações na glicemia, pressão arterial, sobrepeso, tabagismo e alcoolismo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um roteiro semiestruturado e analisados por técnicas de estatística descritiva, a partir de tabelas. Resultados: 31,5% dos trabalhadores estavam na faixa etária de 40 a 49 anos, 45,4% apresentaram alterações na glicemia, 52,8% apresentaram alterações na pressão arterial com os limites considerados pelo Ministério da Saúde acima da média nacional, 32,6% estavam em sobrepeso, 38,5 % eram obesos, 19,2 informaram ser tabagistas e 50,1 relatam consumir bebidas alcoólicas. Conclusão: Diversos aspectos associados intensificam o aparecimento da síndrome metabólica, com riscos de problemas de saúde graves comprometendo a qualidade de vida desses trabalhadores. Pretende-se com este artigo suscitar novas pesquisas com estes profissionais.
A terra, a luta e a implantação da Escola Família Agrícola do Bico do Papagaio Padre Josimo no Estado do Tocantins, Brasil
Authors: Cardoso Natália da Silva Sousa , Silva Cícero da
Published: August 2020

Este artigo analisa o processo de luta pela terra e implantação da Escola Família Agrícola do Bico do Papagaio Padre Josimo (EFABIP) em Esperantina, estado do Tocantins. Para tanto, buscou-se entender como se deu o processo histórico de luta pela terra e os conflitos agrários na microrregião do Bico do Papagaio, a mobilização dos movimentos sociais na luta por uma escola para os povos do campo da região para, então, compreender aspectos da trajetória histórica da EFABIP. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, de natureza bibliográfica e documental. O corpus é constituído de documentos da escola-campo e de quatro entrevistas realizadas com atores sociais da comunidade. A investigação revelou que o processo de luta pela terra nessa região foi muito tenso para os camponeses, com muitos conflitos e mortes. Os resultados da pesquisa também contribuem para que a história da luta pela terra e a criação dessa escola família agrícola sejam sempre lembradas, além da escola estar contribuindo de maneira significativa para a formação de vários camponeses.
Análise comparativa da mortalidade por icterícia neonatal no Brasil, Nordeste e Piauí: série epidemiológica de 2010 a 2019
Authors: Sousa Grasyele Oliveira , Sales Bruno Nascimento , Leal Evaldo Sales
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: avaliar a mortalidade por icterícia neonatal no Brasil, Nordeste e Piauí. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico retrospectivo, com delineamento quantitativo e descritivo. Utilizou-se dados secundários do Painel de Monitoramento da Mortalidade CID-10 do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Incluiu-se no estudo, a série de óbitos de menores de 1 ano por icterícia neonatal e kernicterus, entre os anos de 2010 e 2019, no Brasil, na Região Nordeste e no Estado do Piauí. Utilizou-se o programa Microsoft Office Excel 2019 para a análise descritiva simples. Resultados: nos últimos 10 anos, ocorreram no Brasil 1.008 óbitos por icterícia neonatal. Observou-se que a mortalidade foi mais prevalente no sexo masculino e na cor/raça parda. As causas especificas de icterícia de maior mortalidade no Brasil e no Nordeste foram, respectivamente, a infecção, o parto prematuro e a isoimunização. No Piauí, a principal causa foi a isoimunização, seguida da infecção e do parto prematuro.  Conclusão: a mortalidade por icterícia neonatal apresentou tendência de redução no Brasil e no Nordeste, enquanto no Piauí mostrou uma média anual de casos pequena e estável. A comparação da situação epidemiológica de mortalidade por icterícia entre o Brasil, a Região Nordeste e o Estado do Piauí fornece subsídios para implementação de ações de prevenção e controle adequados.
Cimentos biocerâmicos em endodontia: revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Douglas Ferreira da , Silva Lívia Luiza Carvalho da , Wanderley Camilla Tavares Barros , Vasconcelos Rafaela Andrade de
Published: August 2020

Introdução: Os cimentos endodônticos desempenham papel importante no êxito terapêutico. As propriedades dos biocerâmicos representam grandes avanços, visando suprir as necessidades dos demais materiais disponíveis no mercado. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre as propriedades e características dos cimentos biocerâmicos. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura integrativa, através de busca na base de dados Medline (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online). Os descritores utilizados para busca foram "bioceramic", "endodontic sealer” e "endodontic treatment". Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos, de 2010 a 2020, estudos laboratoriais e clínicos, no idioma inglês e publicados na íntegra. Foram excluídos artigos duplicados, revisões de literatura, estudos com apenas o resumo disponível, dissertações, monografias e teses. Resultados:  Após a busca dos artigos, 50 artigos sobre cimentos biocerâmicos foram incluídos na revisão de literatura. Os artigos tinham como objetivos de estudo as propriedades químicas, físicas e biológicas, além da adaptação marginal, vedamento apical e o comportamento dos materiais frente ao retratamento. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que a utilização dos cimentos biocerâmicos apresenta aspectos favoráveis e promissores, embora mais estudos clínicos precisem ser realizados.
Sintomatologia depressiva em graduandos de Enfermagem no interior de São Paulo: uma abordagem epidemiológica
Authors: Silva Luiz Fernando de Andrade , Silva Daniel Augusto da
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Identificar a vivência de sintomatologia depressiva por estudantes de graduação em Enfermagem no centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo. Método: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 94 graduandos em Enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados em 2018, por meio de aplicação de questionário semiestruturado e aplicação do Inventário de Depressão de Beck, e analisados por meio de análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Dos 94 (100%) participantes, 82 (87,2%) eram do sexo feminino, 46 (47,9%) com idade entre 17 e 21 anos, 86 (89,6%) heterossexuais, 74 (77,1%) de cor de pele branca), 27 (28,1%) com renda familiar entre 1 e 2 salários mínimos. Em relação a sintomatologia depressiva, 81 (86,2%) afirmaram não possuir diagnóstico prévio para depressão, sendo que, destes, nove (11,1%) apresentaram disforia e cinco (6,2%) apresentaram depressão. Os participantes que afirmaram possuir diagnóstico prévio de depressão foram 13 (13,8%) do total de participantes, destes, sete (53,8%) estavam com depressão leve, três (23,1%) com depressão moderada e um (7,7%) com depressão severa. Dados importantes que fazem relação com a sintomatologia depressiva e convívio familiar também são relatados. Conclusão: A presença de sintomatologia depressiva afeta diretamente o desempenho de alguns graduandos, principalmente aqueles que se preparam para entrar no mercado de trabalho. São propostas ações, dentro da instituição, para que profissionais com melhor saúde mental sejam formados, além de apoio direto aos estudantes para que não haja piora do quadro ou qualquer prejuízo de aprendizagem.
Características de embalagens biodegradáveis a partir do resíduo de melancia e incorporadas com amido do tubérculo de Sinningia elatior
Authors: Menezes Filho Antonio Carlos Pereira de , Sousa Wendel Cruvinel de , Castro Carlos Frederico de Souza
Published: August 2020

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as características de duas embalagens biodegradaveis a partir do resíduo de melancia e incorporado com amido de Sinningia elatior. O resíduo de melancia foi coletado em fazendas produtoras de melancia. O tubérculo de Sinningia elatior foi coletado no município de Rio Verde, Goiás Brasil. As embalagens biodegradáveis, foram avaliados quanto a espessura (mm), umidade (Tu%), cinzas (Tcz%), opacidade, solubilidade em água (%), taxa de inchamento (%), pH, biodegradabilidade, atividade antioxidante para DPPH (%) e FRAP µMol g Fe+2, fenólicos totais expressos em mg EAG 100 g-1 MS, vapor de água em g mm h-1 m-2 kPa, cor, microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura e análise em 3D. Foram obtidos os seguintes resultados para espessura 0,146 e 0,169 mm, umidade de 7,94 e 9,84%, cinzas 0,04 e 0,82%, opacidade de 3,089 e 1,147, solubilidade em água de 91,83 e 79,47%, taxa de inchamento de 111,86 e 209,15%, pH de 6,25 e 7,14, biodegradabilidade de 10 e 14 dias, redução do DPPH 74,28 e 81,89%, FRAP 126,68 e 155,49 µMol g Fe+2, fenólicos totais de 3,61 e 15,20 mg EAG 100 g-1 MS, vapor de água de 0,280 e 0,526 PVA g mm h-1 m-2 kPa, bons efeitos de cor, homogeneidade nas analises microscópicas e em 3D para embalagem dupla camada e incorporada com amido de S. elatior. Ambas as embalagens biodegradáveis apresentaram neste estudo, importantes resultados no desenvolvimento de dois produtos a base de resíduos e amido nativo.
Araucaria angustifolia seeds drying behaviour, flour and starch properties
Authors: Pereira Laisa Pellizzaro , Amante Edna Regina , Ribeiro Deise Helena Baggio
Published: August 2020

A. angustifolia seeds processing allows to extend its offer period. This research had the aim to study differences between fresh and frozen raw seeds drying characteristics, establish the flour microbiological, the starch granule morphologic and pasting properties. The methodology used was laboratory research. The starch was extracted and determined the amylose content, the granules were examined by SEM, the pasting properties by RVA and the thermal behaviour by DSC. The frozen seeds presented higher drying rate, however from the critical moisture, they had similar intern resistance. The starch yield was 19.5% and its amylose content was 12.9%. Through SEM was identified smooth granules without erosion, thus oval and rounded shape. The viscosity pattern corresponds to a matrix with tendency to retrogradation. The starch initial pasting temperature, endothermic peak temperature, complete gelatinization temperature and enthalpy of gelatinization found were, 53.34, 60.32, 67.25 and 2.58 J/g.
Penataan Terminal Tipe B Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Triharto Wiyoga , Alam Bambang Perkasa
Published: August 2020

Ratu harbor beach is one of the mainstay tourist sites for the Regional Government of Sukabumi Regency in bringing PAD, besides public transportation facilities and terminals have a major role in supporting the queen port as a tourist attraction so that tourists are comfortable and facilitated in accessing through public transportation. The condition of the Pelabuhan Ratu Terminal, Sukabumi Regency is currently very poor, poorly maintained, and many supporting facilities are damaged and inadequate. This study aims to identify problems and formulate the type B terminal arrangement in Sukabumi Regency. The method used is descriptive qualitative in order to get a picture of the problems of the situation and conditions currently taking place or occurring in the present and the study of policies. Collecting data by field surveys, literature studies and interviews. The results in this study get a terminal B type terminal design concept Sukabumi Regency according to current and future needs.
COLLABORATIVE ACTION RESEARCH TO IMPLEMENT SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING IN A RURAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL: HELPING STUDENTS BECOME “LITTLE KIDS WITH BIG WORDS”
Authors: San Antonio Donna M.
Published: August 2020

Research has shown that social and emotional learning (SEL) can benefit students in affective, interpersonal, communicative, and academic realms. However, teachers integrating SEL face a variety of logistical, pedagogical, and skill development challenges, including how to effectively facilitate classroom conversations on social justice and personal loss. This article draws from classroom observations, teacher conversations, interactive journals, and field notes to describe a seven-month-long university-school partnership to carry out an action research project in a high-poverty rural elementary school in the US. Teachers grappled with how to address race, immigration, and gender discrimination in a predominantly White community. Classroom vignettes, and teacher and author reflections, illustrate the iterative, developmental, and reciprocal aspects of learning between teachers and students, and between the university-based facilitator and teachers.
Expression of Lipolytic Genes in Adipose Tissue Is Differentially Regulated During Multiple Phases of Dietary Intervention in Obese Women
Authors: KOPPO K. , VALLE C. , ŠIKLOVÁ-VÍTKOVÁ M. , CZUDKOVÁ E. , DE GLISEZINSKI I. , VAN DE VOORDE J. , LANGIN D. , ŠTICH V.
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the time-course of the expression of key lipolysis-regulating genes in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) during different phases of a 6-month dietary intervention. Fifteen obese women (BMI 34.7±1.0 kg.m-2) underwent a 6-month dietary intervention consisting of 1 month very low calorie diet (VLCD), followed by 2 months low calorie diet (LCD) and 3 months weight maintenance diet (WM). At each phase of the dietary intervention, a needle microbiopsy of the abdominal SCAT was obtained to evaluate mRNA expression of key lipolysis-regulating genes and a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (HEC) was performed. Dietary intervention induced a body weight reduction of 9.8 % and an improvement of insulin sensitivity as assessed by a HEC. Compared to pre-diet levels, mRNA levels of the adrenergic β2-receptor in SCAT were higher at the end of VLCD and not different at the end of LCD and WM. In contrast, the expression of the adrenergic α2-receptor was lower at the end of VLCD and LCD compared to the pre-diet levels and did not differ at WM. Adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase levels were lower than the pre-diet levels at the end of LCD only, while phosphodiesterase-3B and the insulin receptor levels did not change throughout the dietary intervention. The results suggest that the regulation pattern of the genes that are involved in the control of lipolysis is different at the respective phases of the dietary intervention and depends on the duration of the diet and the status of energy balance.
Writers and figures of theater between ‘Ukrainian People’s Republic’ and ‘Directory’
Authors: Omelchuk Olesia
Published: August 2020

Studying the artistic heritage and creative life in 1917—1919 significantly complements the biographies of many Ukrainian writers and influences the usual perceptions of the Ukrainian literary process overall. Against the backdrop of this period, the proletarian cultural conception no longer seems to be all-inclusive. After all, a great number of ideas, themes, and creative pursuits of 1917—1919 became a prologue to the cultural dialogue of the following years, being at the same time rooted in pre-revolutionary artistic development. For the Soviet political and cultural memory the establishment of Ukrainian statehood in 1917—1919 becomes a traumatic memory for a long time. As the present paper shows, the process over the Union of Liberation of Ukraine (SVU) in 1929—1930 was a perversion of the solemn action in honor of the short-lived triumph of the Directory of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in 1918, and in general became the quintessence of the political and symbolic delegitimization of the ‘Petliurian’ and ‘Hetmanian’ history. Despite the difficult political situation, 1918 was marked not only by vibrant creative life, but also by the daily attempts to normalize the course of artistic activity in accordance with legal laws and commercial logic. As an example, the author of the paper reconstructs some aspects of the theatrical and literary life of 1918, which were covered on the pages of the Kyiv daily newspaper “Vidrodzhennia” and also such periodicals as “Robitnycha Hazeta”, “Nova Rada”, “Narodna Volia”, etc. The paper focuses on the publications by Yakiv Savchenko, Les Kurbas, Mykhail Semenko and public polemics between representatives of “Molodyi Teatr”, “Teatralna Rada”, and the Military Society “Batkivshchyna”.
PEMBERIAN REBUSAN KUNYIT ASAM UNTUK MENGURANGI NYERI PADA KLIEN DISMINORE DI KELUARGA
Authors: . Afriliyani , Prasetya Chandra Hadi
Published: August 2020

Menstruasi adalah proses pengeluaran gumpalan darah dari lapisan dari lapisan luar rahim karena adanya prosessomatopsikis yang bersifat kompleks meliputi unsur-unsur hormonal, biokimiawi dan psikososial yang terjadpada setiap bulan, siklus haid ini menyebabkan timbulnya rasa sakit atau nyeri di daerah abdomen yang disebutdisminore. Pada penelitian ini diterapkan pemberian rebusan kunyit asam untuk mengurangi nyeri disminore dikeluarga, diharapkan setelah diberikan rebusan kunyit aam ini klien tidak mengalami nyeri pada saat menstruasi.Hasil penelitian didapatkan dua responden dengan keluhan yang sama yaitu nyeri disminore saat menstruasi daripenelitian tersebut didapatkan hasil yang berbeda pada klien pertama setelah diberikan tindakan rebusan kunyitasam mengalami penurunan pada skala nyerinya yang awalnya 8 menjadi 6 sedangkan pada klien kedua setelahdiberikan tindakan hasil nyeri yang awalnya 6 masih bertahan di skala 6. Dari penelitian tersebut dapatdisimpulkan bahwa pemberian rebusan kunyit asam dapat mengurangi nyeri pada klien pertama dan tidak padaklien kedua, dengan demikian rebusan kunyit asam efektif untuk mengurangi nyeri diminore.
PENERAPAN KOMPRES DINGIN UNTUK MENGURANGI NYERI PEMASANGAN INFUS ANAK DENGAN TYPOID
Authors: Maruanaya Sisi Utami Handayani , Supriyanti Endang
Published: August 2020

Demam typoid ialah penyakit infeksi akut yang mengenai saluran pencernaan dengan gejala demam yang lebihdari satu minggu dan gangguan pada pencernaan. Salah satu penatalaksanaan demam tifoid adalah terapi cairanmelalui infus. Pemasangan infus dapat menimbulkan rasa nyeri pada anak. Untuk mengurangi nyeri pemasanganinfus pada anak dengan pemberian kompres dingin karena efek analgesik dari kompres dingin yang menurunkankecepatan hantaran syaraf sehingga implus nyeri yang diterima otak lebih sedikit sehingga menurunkan sensasinyeri. Tujuan studi kasus ini menyusun resume asuhan keperawatan dalam pemberian kompres dingin untukmengurangi nyeri pemasangan infus pada anak dengan demam tifoid. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif denganmetode studi kasus dalam bentuk rancangan one grup pretest posttest. Subyek dari penelitian ini adalah 2 pasienanak dengan demam tifoid yang akan dilakukan pemasangan infus , dengan skala nyeri 7 – 10 (nyeri berat), dapatberkomunikasi secera verbal dan non verbal, usia 6 – 13 tahun, anak yang bersedia menjadi responden. Hasil studimenunjukkan bahwa ada perubahan tingkat nyeri pemasangan infus yang awalnya nyeri berat menjadi nyerisedang setelah pemberian kompres dingin selama 3 hari sehingga diharapkan keluarga pasien dapat melakukantindakan kompres dingin untuk mengurangi nyeri pemasangan infus pada anak.
Investigation of the Pore Structure of Tight Sandstone Based on Multifractal Analysis from NMR Measurement: A Case from the Lower Permian Taiyuan Formation in the Southern North China Basin
Authors: Qu Kaixuan , Guo Shaobin
Published: August 2020

Understanding the pore structure can help us acquire a deep insight into the fluid transport properties and storage capacity of tight sandstone reservoirs. In this work, a series of methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, casting thin sections, scanning electron microscope (SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment and multifractal theory were employed to investigate the pore structure and multifractal characteristics of tight sandstones from the Taiyuan Formation in the southern North China Basin. The relationships between petrophysical properties, pore structure, mineral compositions and NMR multifractal parameters were also discussed. Results show that the tight sandstones are characterized by complex and heterogenous pore structure, with apparent multifractal features. The main pore types include clay-dominated micropores and inter- and intragranular dissolution pores. Multifractal parameters of sandstone samples were acquired by NMR and applied to quantitatively describe the pore heterogeneity in higher and lower probability density regions (with respect to small and large pore-scale pore system, respectively). The multifractal parameter (D−10) of lower probability density areas has better correlation with the petrophysical parameters, which is more suitable for evaluating the reservoir properties of tight sandstone. However, the multifractal parameter (D10) of higher probability density areas is more conducive to characterize the pore structure of tight sandstone. Additionally, the mineral compositions of sandstone have a complex effect on multifractal characteristics of pores in different probability density areas. The D10 increases with the decrease of quartz content and increase in clay mineral content, whereas D−10 decreases with the increase in clay minerals and decrease of authigenic quartz content and feldspar content.
Platelets and Defective N-Glycosylation
Authors: Mammadova-Bach Elmina , Jaeken Jaak , Gudermann Thomas , Braun Attila
Published: August 2020

N-glycans are covalently linked to an asparagine residue in a simple acceptor sequence of proteins, called a sequon. This modification is important for protein folding, enhancing thermodynamic stability, and decreasing abnormal protein aggregation within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), for the lifetime and for the subcellular localization of proteins besides other functions. Hypoglycosylation is the hallmark of a group of rare genetic diseases called congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). These diseases are due to defects in glycan synthesis, processing, and attachment to proteins and lipids, thereby modifying signaling functions and metabolic pathways. Defects in N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation constitute the largest CDG groups. Clotting and anticlotting factor defects as well as a tendency to thrombosis or bleeding have been described in CDG patients. However, N-glycosylation of platelet proteins has been poorly investigated in CDG. In this review, we highlight normal and deficient N-glycosylation of platelet-derived molecules and discuss the involvement of platelets in the congenital disorders of N-glycosylation.
All d-Lysine Analogues of the Antimicrobial Peptide HPA3NT3-A2 Increased Serum Stability and without Drug Resistance
Authors: Lee Jong-Kook , Park Yoonkyung
Published: August 2020

Novel antibiotic drugs are urgently needed because of the increase in drug-resistant bacteria. The use of antimicrobial peptides has been suggested to replace antibiotics as they have strong antimicrobial activity and can be extracted from living organisms such as insects, marine organisms, and mammals. HPA3NT3-A2 ([Ala1,8] HPA3NT3) is an antimicrobial peptide that is an analogue of the HP (2–20) peptide derived from Helicobacter pylori ribosomal protein L1. Although this peptide was shown to have strong antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant bacteria, it also showed lower toxicity against sheep red blood cells (RBCs) and HaCaT cells compared to HPA3NT3. The l-Lys residues of HPA3NT3-A2 was substituted with d-Lys residues (HPA3NT3-A2D; [d-Lys2,5,6,9,10,15] HPA3NT3-A2) to prevent the cleavage of peptide bonds by proteolytic enzymes under physiological conditions. This peptide showed an increased half-life and maintained its antimicrobial activity in the serum against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (pathogen). Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of HPA3NT3-A2D was not significantly affected in the presence of mono- or divalent ions (Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+). Finally, l- or d-HPA3NT3-A2 peptides exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and failed to induce resistance in Staphylococcus aureus after 12 passages.
Lower Exposure to Busulfan Allows for Stable Engraftment of Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Children with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I: A Case Report of Four Patients
Authors: Shukla Praveen , Dvorak Christopher C. , Long-Boyle Janel , Kharbanda Sandhya
Published: August 2020

Busulfan is an alkylating agent routinely used in conditioning regimens prior to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for various nonmalignant disorders, including inborn errors of metabolism. The combination of model-based dosing and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of busulfan pharmacokinetics (PK) to a lower exposure target has the potential to reduce the regimen-related toxicity while opening marrow niches sufficient for engraftment in diseases such as mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I). We present four cases of the severe form of MPS I or Hurler syndrome, demonstrating successful and stable CD14/15 donor chimerism following the prospective application of model-based dosing and TDM aimed to achieve lower busulfan exposure. All patients received a busulfan-based conditioning regimen with a median cumulative area-under-the-curve (cAUC) target of 63.7 mg h/L (range, 62.4 to 65.0) in protocol-specific combination of chemotherapeutic regimen. The donor source was unrelated umbilical cord blood for three patients and matched sibling donor bone marrow for one patient. The observed median busulfan cAUC was 66.1 mg h/L (range, 65.2 to 70.6) and was within 10% of the intended target. Stable, full donor myeloid chimerism was achieved for three patients, while one patient achieved a stable mixed chimerism (76% donor CD14/15 at 53 months) without a recurring need for enzyme replacement. The normalization of α-L-iduronidase enzyme levels followed the attainment of successful donor myeloid chimerism in all patients. Regimen-related toxicity remained low with no evidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) grades II to IV and chronic GVHD.
Biomarkers of Physical Frailty and Sarcopenia: Coming up to the Place?
Authors: Picca Anna , Calvani Riccardo , Cesari Matteo , Landi Francesco , Bernabei Roberto , Coelho-Júnior Hélio José , Marzetti Emanuele
Published: August 2020

Physical frailty and sarcopenia (PF&S) recapitulates all the hallmarks of aging and has become a focus in geroscience. Factors spanning muscle-specific processes (e.g., mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal myocytes) to systemic changes (e.g., inflammation and amino acid dysmetabolism) have been pinpointed as possible contributors to PF&S pathophysiology. However, the search for PF&S biomarkers allowing the early identification and tracking of the condition over time is ongoing. This is mainly due to the phenotypic heterogeneity of PF&S, its unclear pathophysiology, and the frequent superimposition of other age-related conditions. Hence, presently, the identification of PF&S relies upon clinical, functional, and imaging parameters. The adoption of multi-marker approaches (combined with multivariate modeling) has shown great potential for addressing the complexity of PF&S pathophysiology and identifying candidate biological markers. Well-designed longitudinal studies are necessary for the incorporation of reliable biomarkers into clinical practice and for unveiling novel targets that are amenable to interventions.
Plant Cell and Organism Development
Authors: Hasterok Robert , Betekhtin Alexander
Published: August 2020

Plants represent a unique and fascinating group of living organisms [...]
PTEN Is Required for The Anti-Epileptic Effects of AMPA Receptor Antagonists in Chronic Epileptic Rats
Authors: Kim Ji-Eun , Park Hana , Lee Ji-Eun , Kim Tae-Hyun , Kang Tae-Cheon
Published: August 2020

α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) is one of the ligand-gated ion channels for glutamate, which is an important player in the generation and spread of seizures. The efficacy of AMPAR functionality is regulated by the trafficking, synaptic targeting, and phosphorylation. Paradoxically, AMPAR expression and its phosphorylation level are decreased in the epileptic hippocampus. Therefore, the roles of AMPAR in seizure onset and neuronal hyperexcitability in ictogenesis remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that AMPAR antagonists (perampanel and GYKI 52466) decreased glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1 (GRIA1) surface expression in the epileptic rat hippocampus. They also upregulated phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) expression and restored to basal levels the upregulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT1 phosphorylations. Dipotassium bisperoxovanadium(pic) dihydrate (BpV(pic), a PTEN inhibitor) co-treatment abolished the anti-epileptic effects of perampanel and GYKI 52466. Therefore, our findings suggest that PTEN may be required for the anti-epileptic effects of AMPAR antagonists.
Synthesis and Characterization of LSX Zeolite/AC Composite from Elutrilithe
Authors: Xue Cailong , Wei Xiaoqin , Zhang Zhengwei , Bai Yang , Li Mengxue , Chen Yongqiang
Published: August 2020

The porous carbonaceous precursor obtained from elutrilithe by adding pitch powder and solid SiO2 was employed for the first time in an in situ hydrothermal synthesis of LSX zeolite/AC composite. The synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, and N2 adsorption–desorption. The optimum conditions for the hydrothermal synthesis process were set as follows: gelling, aging, and crystallization. The time and temperature required for these steps were 24 h and 65 °C, 12 h and 20 °C, and 48 h and 65 °C, respectively. The molar ratios were (Na2O + K2O)/Al3O2 = 7.7, K2O/(K2O + Na2O) = 3. The potential applicability test of the product showed high CO2 working capacity, excellent CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 selectivity, and high phenol adsorption capacity. These results suggest that the resultant product has excellent potential value in industrial application.
Performance Evaluation of a Carbon Nanotube Sensor for Fatigue Crack Monitoring of Metal Structures
Authors: Ahmed Shafique , Schumacher Thomas , Thostenson Erik T. , McConnell Jennifer
Published: August 2020

This article describes research that investigated the ability of a carbon nanotube (CNT) sensor to detect and monitor fatigue crack initiation and propagation in metal structures. The sensor consists of a nonwoven carrier fabric with a thin film of CNT that is bonded to the surface of a structure using an epoxy adhesive. The carrier fabric enables the sensor to be easily applied over large areas with complex geometries. Furthermore, the distributed nature of the sensor improves the probability of detecting crack initiation and enables monitoring of crack propagation over time. Piezoresistivity of the sensor enables strains to be monitored in real time and the sensor, which is designed to fragment as fatigue cracks propagate, directly measures crack growth through permanent changes in resistance. The following laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of the sensor: (1) continuous crack propagation monitoring, (2) potential false positive evaluation under near-threshold crack propagation conditions, and (3) crack re-initiation detection at a crack-stop hole, which is a commonly used technique to arrest fatigue cracks. Real-time sensor measurements and post-mortem fractography show that a distinguishable resistance change of the sensor occurs due to fatigue crack propagation that can be quantitatively related to crack length. The sensor does not show false positive responses when the crack does not propagate, which is a drawback of many other fatigue sensors. The sensor is also shown to be remarkably sensitive to detecting crack re-initiation.
Interpretability of Input Representations for Gait Classification in Patients after Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Dindorf Carlo , Teufl Wolfgang , Taetz Bertram , Bleser Gabriele , Fröhlich Michael
Published: August 2020

Many machine learning models show black box characteristics and, therefore, a lack of transparency, interpretability, and trustworthiness. This strongly limits their practical application in clinical contexts. For overcoming these limitations, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has shown promising results. The current study examined the influence of different input representations on a trained model’s accuracy, interpretability, as well as clinical relevancy using XAI methods. The gait of 27 healthy subjects and 20 subjects after total hip arthroplasty (THA) was recorded with an inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based system. Three different input representations were used for classification. Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) was used for model interpretation. The best accuracy was achieved with automatically extracted features (mean accuracy Macc = 100%), followed by features based on simple descriptive statistics (Macc = 97.38%) and waveform data (Macc = 95.88%). Globally seen, sagittal movement of the hip, knee, and pelvis as well as transversal movement of the ankle were especially important for this specific classification task. The current work shows that the type of input representation crucially determines interpretability as well as clinical relevance. A combined approach using different forms of representations seems advantageous. The results might assist physicians and therapists finding and addressing individual pathologic gait patterns.
Measuring Advertising Expenditure Effects on the Nigerian Economy
Authors: Abdullahi Shafiu Ibrahim , Mukhtar Shuaibu
Published: August 2020

This study explores relationships between annual advertising expenditure and major macroeconomic variables in Nigeria. Advertising is sometimes viewed as a concern of business units only not worth being researched at macroeconomic level. This nature has been mostly studied on advertising industries in the advanced economies. Due to a lack of high frequency time series data on advertising expenditure in the developing economies, this work has been limited to an exploratory study using the multiple regression and correlation analysis. The study covers the period of 2001 to 2018. Its findings show that advertising has positive relationship with GDP and savings. This study provides further evidence on the cyclical nature of advertising that moves with the state of the economy. During the economic slowdown in the period of 2015 to 2017, Nigeria advertising expenditure continued to fall. In 2013, the period with the highest advertising revenue in the study, the ratio of advertising expenditure as percentage of GDP accounted for 0.061%, which was below 0.2%, a very negligible number indicating more scope for growth in the market.
Особливості розвитку інвестиційної діяльності у сільському господарстві України
Authors: Kryshtanovych Myroslav
Published: August 2020

У ході дослідження проаналізовано основні чинники, що впливають на розвиток інвестиційної діяльності в сільському господарстві. Проаналізовано основні показники, які виражають темпи іноземного інвестування в сільськогосподарську галузь. Охарактеризовано основні показники інвестиційного розвитку сільськогосподарських підприємств, зокрема розглянуто динаміку обсягів капітальних інвестицій, частки інвестицій в агросектор в структурі ВВП, обсяг інвестицій у розрахунку на одне аграрне підприємство. Проведено дослідження та оцінювання результативності державного регулювання інвестицій у сільському господарстві, яке передбачає статистичний аналіз опорних показників.
Результатом державного регулювання інвестицій у сільському господарстві є аналіз впливу основних факторів на ефективність інвестицій. З метою виявлення впливу на процес державного регулювання інвестицій у агросфері здійснено кореляційний аналіз за низкою критеріїв. Обґрунтовано перспективні напрямки удосконалення державного регулювання інвестиційної діяльності в сільському господарстві.
Система державного регулювання інвестиційної діяльності в Україні, сформована в результаті великої кількості трансформацій і реорганізацій, не є єдиною та результативною. Вона складалася з багатьох учасників, функції які доволі часто дублювалися, що в фінальному підсумку знижувало рівень управління інвестиційними процесами. Погіршення розвитку державного регулювання в сфері інвестицій, підтверджується тенденцією до зниження фінансування видатків на утримання загальнодержавних установ, які здійснюють управління інвестиційними процесами в секторі економіки сільського господарства. Особливостями розвитку політики регулювання інвестиційної діяльності в сільському господарстві, також враховуються передумову зміни попиту на різні категорії агропродукції.
За результатами аналізу сформульовано висновки щодо особливостей впливу державного регулювання інвестиційної діяльності у сільському господарстві.
Соціальний захист дитинства в Україні: нормативно-правове забезпечення та сучасний стан (на прикладі Миколаївської області)
Authors: Shulga Anastasia , Surina Natalia
Published: August 2020

У статті проаналізовано нормативно-правове забезпечення соціального захисту дитинства в Україні, окреслено сучасний його стан (на прикладі Миколаївської області), виявлено існуючі проблеми у досліджуваній сфері та запропоновано способи їх вирішення. На початку статті визначено сутність поняття «соціальний захист» та «соціальний захист дитинства», наведено різні точки зору вчених на тлумачення цих двох термінів. Основна частина статті присвячена характеристиці становлення системи соціального захисту дитинства та її нормативно-правового забезпечення. Встановлено, що за роки незалежності України у вирішенні питань соціального захисту дітей ратифіковано низку міжнародних нормативно-правових актів, прийнято векторні вітчизняні закони та інші правові документи, вивчається та застосовується кращий іноземний досвід розвинутих країн світу в побудові сучасної національної системи охорони дитинства тощо. Також вжито суттєвих заходів щодо запровадження в країні проактивної соціальної політики стосовно родин, які виховують дітей. При цьому з’ясовано, що наразі вітчизняна система соціального захисту дітей не відповідає всім потребам населення країни та повною мірою не виконує взяті на себе зобов’язання, спрямовані на забезпечення соціально-правових гарантій прав дітей. Проаналізовано систему закладів інституційного догляду та виховання дітей, а також досліджено розподіл дітей за віком, за терміном перебування у закладах по їх догляду в Миколаївській області тощо. Встановлено, що деінституціалізація має на меті запровадження змін у системі захисту дитинства, орієнтованих передусім на збереження та підтримку сім’ї, якнайкраще забезпечення прав та інтересів дітей. Така політика є умовою для проведення реформ, які спрямовані на зменшення рівня сирітства в країні. У підсумку зазначено, що комплексна реалізація запропонованих у статті заходів сприятиме вирішенню існуючих проблем у вітчизняній системі соціального захисту дитинства, координації і спрямуванню дій усіх суб’єктів соціальної роботи на раннє виявлення сімейного неблагополуччя, надання родинам із дітьми комплексної підтримки і допомоги в подоланні складних життєвих обставин.
МОВЛЕННЄВИЙ ВПЛИВ ЯК РЕЗУЛЬТАТ КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ У ПУБЛІЧНОМУ ДІЛОВОМУ ДИСКУРСІ
Authors: Gamova  A. 
Published: August 2020

Подаються теоретичні засади мовленнєво-комунікативної діяльності публічного управлінця. Актуальність статті визначається необхідністю засвоєння публічним управлінцем основних понять і категорій мовленнєвого впливу на опонента у процесі комунікативної взаємодії для досягнення мети в публічному діловому дискурсі. Досліджено, що успішність і результативність мовленнєво-комунікативного впливу визначається не тільки належним культурним, освітнім і професійним рівнем публічного управлінця, але й досконалим його мовним рівнем, знанням вербальних (словесних) і невербальних (несловесних, паралінгвальних) засобів спілкування, розумінням значення їхньої національної специфіки
УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ КУЛЬТУРНИЙ ФОНД ЯК СУБ’ЄКТ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ
Authors: Kulinich O.  , Havrashenko A.
Published: August 2020

Проаналізовано діяльність Українського культурного фонду як суб’єкта публічної культурної політики протягом 2018–2020 рр. Особливої актуальності набуває розвиток Українського культурного фонду в контексті інтеграції українського культурного простору в загальноєвропейський культурний ландшафт. Доведено, що зміцнення культурного потенціалу та реформування культурної сфери сприяє підвищенню інвестиційної привабливості України і закладає засади стабільного соціально-економічного розвитку.
СУСПІЛЬНО-ГРОМАДСЬКИЙ АСПЕКТ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПУБЛІЧНИХ ПРОСТОРІВ
Authors: Lukin S. 
Published: August 2020

Розглянуто процес ідентифікації публічного простору через розгляд місця суспільного і громадського аспектів. Досліджено суспільний простір міста, що дав доволі різнобічну інформацію про особливості функціонування суспільства, його цінності, пріоритети та орієнтації, рівень інтегрованості та розвитку. Визначено параметри та функціональність громадського простору. Модель “резидентного розміщення” (Т. Парсонс) може бути і далі використано для більш детального розгляду темпоральності організації простору соціальної взаємодії.
КОНТРОЛЬНА ФУНКЦІЯ ЯК СКЛАДОВА МЕХАНІЗМУ ВИКОНАННЯ РІШЕНЬ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО СУДУ З ПРАВ ЛЮДИНИ
Authors: Mukan I.
Published: August 2020

Проаналізовано сутність контрольної функції в механізмі виконання рішень Європейського суду з прав людини згідно з Конвенцією про захист прав людини та основоположних свобод і особливості цієї функції в механізмі виконання рішень суду в Україні. Розмежовано контрольну функцію в конвенційному механізмі виконання рішень Європейського суду з прав людини на міжнародному та національному рівні країн – членів Ради Європи, зокрема України. Запропоновано заходи з підвищення ефективності та вдосконалення контрольної функції в механізмі виконання рішень Європейського суду з прав людини в Україні.