bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN ANALYSIS OF THE HOMOPHONES “HONG” IN CHINESE AND “HỒNG” IN VIETNAMESE
Authors: Ham Pham Ngoc
Published: January 2021

Chinese and Vietnamese are analytic languages and thus homophone is a common linguistic phenomenon. Over the course of history, Vietnamese language has interacted with Chinese language and borrowed a great number of Chinese characters that gradually become Sino-Vietnamese words. Those words are Vietnamized to some extent and are subject to semantic change. The combination of Sino-Vietnamese elements and purely Vietnamese words has created Sino-Vietnamese words and makes homophone in Vietnamese become more and more complicated. This linguistic phenomenon causes many difficulties in note taking, explanation, Vietnamese usage and Chinese learning for Vietnamese people. In the article, such methods and techniques as statistics, analysis, compare-contrast are used along with the materials collected from some dictionaries and everyday language to analyze the homophones of ‘hóng’ in Chinese and ‘hồng’ in Vietnamese with an aim to distinguishing between their meanings. This hopes to contribute as a reference for Vietnamese teaching and Chinese teaching in Vietnam.
A STUDY ON THE LEARNING BELIEFS OF CHINESE AS A SECOND FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR ENGLISH MAJORED STUDENTS OF BANKING UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY
Authors: Vu Luu Hon
Published: January 2021

The research surveyed the learning beliefs of Chinese as a second foreign language for English majored students of Banking University Ho Chi Minh city. Based on the theory of beliefs in foreign language learning by Horwitz (1985), we conducted a questionnaire survey with 177 students. The questionnaire results indicate that: firstly, Chinese is relatively easy to learn; secondly, children have better language learning capacity than adults; third, focus on phonetics, vocabulary and culture, not grammar; fourth, learning Chinese is useful for yourself. Female students focus on phonetics more than male students. Second-year students focus on phonetics more than third-year students, but not more grammar like third-year students. Unlike students from the central region, students from the northern and southern regions said that they must come to China to learn Chinese. The belief that "Chinese language is easy to learn", the confident and proactive attitude of using Chinese language has a positive impact on students' learning results.
NEGATIVE NUANCES OF KOREAN COMPARATIVE PROVERBS WITH ZODIAC SIGNS
Authors: Yen Hoang Thi
Published: January 2021

Language is often considered to be the summary of all the experiences of a nation and its cultural heritage. Every nation has its own language and such language reflects the values and characteristics that exist in such society and in such culture. In the negative meanings of Korean comparative proverbs, the environment, the form and the capacity of the animals are related to the bad, difficult, and unfavorable situations; the ugliness and no harmony, inadequacy; the foolishness, limited capacity and little value, etc. The comparative proverbs with zodiac signs clearly reflect the negative aspects in the material and spiritual life, worldview, outlook on life, and the values of the Korean people. The connection with Vietnamese language also shows the close similarities and the unique features of the way of thinking, the language expression as well as the culture of the two nations of Korea and Vietnam.
A língua e a raça: a mestiçagem como uma ideia linguística das letras brasileiras do século XIX
Authors: Toledo Allice
Published: January 2021

Nosso propósito neste artigo é observar a mestiçagem como uma ideia linguística no século XIX pela análise da produção discursiva das letras brasileiras, aqui entendidas como o conjunto de produções literárias, antropológicas e ensaísticas publicadas no Brasil. A partir do diálogo entre a História das Ideias Linguísticas e a Análise do Discurso a partir do referencial foucaultiano, é nosso intuito demonstrar que havia uma proposta de qualificação da fala e da escrita do português no território brasileiro a partir de critérios raciais. Fundamentamo-nos nos trabalhos que relacionam língua, raça e teorias da linguística, como visto em Trabant (2008), Poliakov (1974), Blikstein (1992) e Rajagopalan (2002). Em seguida, apresentamos a mestiçagem no quadro brasileiro oitocentista a partir de contribuições de Schwarcz (2012) e Alonso (2002). Por fim, pela observação dos pares temáticos mistura e pureza, unidade e diversidade, boa língua e má língua apresentamos as análises de enunciados que tratam de língua e raça, atribuídos a José Bonifácio, Junqueira Freire, José de Alencar, Antonio Henriques Nunes Leal e José Veríssimo. Encerramos com as considerações sobre a mestiçagem como uma ideia linguística recorrente nos enunciados que tratam da língua portuguesa no Brasil e de seus falantes e a contradição como aspecto essencial da produção discursiva sobre essa temática nos anos 1800.
Saúde do adulto indígena com ênfase no sobrepeso e a obesidade em excesso
Authors: Barbosa Italo Everton Bezerra , Fonseca Alicia Ribeiro , De Souza Francisca Crispim , De Andrade Emmanuele Neuza Moreira , Da Silva Carla Castro , Pinheiro Bruna Rafaella , Maklouf Dandara Conceição , Pinheiro Indra de Oliveira , Ribeiro Meire Cristina Soares , De Souza Gabriela Garcia
Published: January 2021

Esse artigo teve como objetivo descrever as experiências vivenciadas na saúde do adulto indígena da etnia Sateré Mawé com ênfase no sobrepeso e a obesidade em excesso, utilizando o método hipotético-dedutivo, em conjunto com o tipo de pesquisa descritiva, trata-se de um relato de experiência descritivo, vivenciado por acadêmicos de enfermagem. A visita foi voltada para conhecer a cultura e história da aldeia, tendo como foco principal a orientação sobre o sobrepeso e a obesidade em adultos, as atividades foram desenvolvidas em três momentos, sendo o primeiro momento direcionado ao planejamento das ações, o segundo voltado para conhecer um pouco sobre a cultura e história da aldeia e por último o terceiro momento que foi a realização da apresentação. Dessa forma, essa experiência foi de suma importância tanto para a vida pessoal e profissional no que tange assistência de enfermagem voltada para uma cultura que necessita de cuidados diferenciados.
Cutaneous scalp metastases from a left hallux subungual melanoma: An instructive case of scalp nodules
Authors: Tan Llewelyn Yi Chang , Tan Chee Hian , Lim Joel Hua Liang
Published: January 2021

Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer affecting patients worldwide and has the potential to metastasize to virtually any organ in the body. Early detection is of paramount importance to minimize patient morbidity and mortality. However, there has been increasing evidence highlighting that geographical and ethnic variations in the clinical presentation of melanoma do exist. Unlike the Western population, the major subtype of melanoma affecting the Asian population is in fact, acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) and not superficial spreading melanoma (SSM).We hereby present a case of left hallux subungual melanoma with scalp metastasis. This case underscores the importance of the examination of acral skin and the nail apparatus for melanoma in Asians.
A Case of ALK-Negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Presenting as a Solitary Cutaneous Nodule
Authors: Potluri Venkat Sumanth , Youssef Ronnie , Fertig Raymond , Dhaliwal Parneet
Published: January 2021

Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are a group of CD30 positive T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, accounting for only 3% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. As per the 2017 World Health Organization updated classification, there are four variants of ALCL: anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive, ALK negative, primary cutaneous, and breast-implant associated. The different variants of ALCL share overlapping clinical presentations and pathologic features, creating a diagnostic challenge.  A 71-year-old woman with a past history of T-cell lymphoma presented with a progressively growing nodule on her back for approximately 3 months. Physical exam demonstrated a 8.0 x 8.0 cm pink nodular indurated plaque located on her left upper back. A punch biopsy of the lesion revealed medium to large mononuclear cells with nuclear pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, and scattered mitotic figures. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated cells that were positive for CD30 and negative for ALK. Based on clinical and histopathologic findings, a diagnosis of ALCL was rendered. Differential diagnosis included primary cutaneous ALCL and cutaneous involvement by systemic ALK(-) ALCL. This case demonstrates the importance of clinicopathologic correlation in diagnosing ALCL and guiding therapy.
Expanding Armor-Like Scales in a Middle-Aged Woman
Authors: E. Bax Christina , J. Smith Robert , L. Simpson Cory
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Efficacy and Safety of Crisaborole in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis With and Without Food Allergies
Authors: Blaiss Michael , Cork Michael , Lio Peter , Kessel Aharon , Takiya Liza , Werth John , O'Connell Michael , Zang Chuanbo , Spergel Jonathan
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Bimekizumab Versus Ustekinumab in Plaque Psoriasis: Lasting Efficacy Translates to Rapid and Sustained Improvements in Quality of Life in the BE VIVID Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded Phase 3 Trial
Authors: Gordon K , Foley P , Rich P , Duffin K , Pinter A , Griffiths CEM , Wang M , Vanvoorden V , Staelens F , Ciaravino V , Merola JF
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Bimekizumab for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis with Scalp, Nail and Palmoplantar Involvement Through 52 Weeks: Post-Hoc Analysis from the BE VIVID Phase 3 Trial
Authors: Papp KA , Lebwohl M , Gottlieb AB , Sebastian M , Langley R , Okubo Y , Wang M , Cioffi C , Staelens F , Reich K
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Durability of DLQI Improvements Among Patients with Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis Treated with Certolizumab Pegol: Three-Year Results from Two Phase 3 Trials (CIMPASI-1 and CIMPASI-2)
Authors: Blauvelt A , Warren RB , Reich K , Brock F , Fierens F , Ciaravino V , Lebwohl M
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Restricted Mean Survival Time and Cure-Rate Modeling in Estimating Relapse-Free Survival Benefit With Adjuvant Dabrafenib + Trametinib Treatment in Melanoma
Authors: Kirkwood John , Dummer Reinhard , Hauschild Axel , Santinami Mario , Atkinson Victoria , Sileni Vanna , Larkin James , Nyakas Marta , Haydon Andrew , Dutriaux Caroline , Schachter Jacob , Robert Caroline , Mortier Laurent , Banerjee Hiya , Haas Tomas , Tan Monique , Lau Mike , Schadendorf Dirk , Long Georgina , Mandala Mario
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Long-Term Improvements in Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients with Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis Treated with Certolizumab Pegol: Results from the CIMPASI-1 and CIMPASI-2 Phase 3 Trials
Authors: Thaçi D , Blauvelt A , Reich K , Warren RB , Piguet V , Brock F , Fierens F , Ciaravino V , Lebwohl M
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Halobetasol Propionate 0.01%/Tazarotene 0.045% Lotion for the Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis in Patients with Mild Scaling and Mild Plaque Elevation
Authors: Stein Gold Linda , Tanghetti Emil , Leonardi Craig , Kwatra Shawn , Jacobson Abby
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Efficacy and Safety of Tazarotene 0.045% Lotion in Female Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Acne: Post Hoc Analysis by Age
Authors: Stein Gold Linda , Baldwin Hilary , Cook-Bolden Fran , Green Lawrence , Ablon Glynis , Sadick Neil , Weiss Jonathan , Guenin Eric
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Modulation of the Mu and Kappa Opioid Axis for the Treatment of Chronic Pruritus
Authors: Elmariah Sarina , Chisolm Sarah , Sciascia Thomas , Kwatra Shawn
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
The Role of Kappa- and Mu-Opioid Receptors in Pruritus
Authors: Kim Brian , Sciascia Thomas , Yosipovitch Gil
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Cemiplimab Improves Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and Reduces Pain in Patients with Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CSCC): Results from a Post Hoc Exploratory Analysis of a Phase 2 Clinical Trial
Authors: Migden Michael , Rischin Danny , Sasane Medha , Mastey Vera , Pavlick Anna , Schmults Chrysalyne , Chen Zhen , Guminski Alexander , Hauschild Axel , Bury Denise , Hudgens Stacie , Chang Anne Lynn , Rabinowits Guilherme , Ibrahim Sherrif , Fury Matthew , Lowy Israel , Li Siyu , Chen Chieh-I
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
Efficacy and Safety of Ruxolitinib Cream for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Pooled Analysis of Two Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind Studies
Authors: Papp Kim , Szepietowski Jacek , Kircik Leon , Toth Darryl , Kuligowski Michael , Venturanza May , Sun Kang , Simpson Eric
Published: January 2021

Abstract not available.
An interesting case of chronic myeloid leukemia presenting as B-cell lymphoblastic crisis
Authors: Neculcea Andreea , Spînu Andreea , Cisleanu Diana , Nicolescu Anca , Enache Cristina , Vlădăreanu Ana Maria
Published: January 2021

We present the case of a 46-year-old male patient who came to our emergency department in December 2019 for pain in the left abdominal quadrant. The patient had no fever, night sweats or a history of weight loss. The la­bo­ra­tory tests revealed important leucocytosis and the ab­do­mi­nal ul­tra­sound highlighted a massive sple­no­me­ga­ly. He was hos­pi­ta­lized for further investi­ga­tions. We performed all the necessary laboratory tests to establish the diagnosis of the patient. Even though the osteomedullar biopsy and the flow cytometry suggested the diagnosis of acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia, the fluorescence in situ hybri­di­za­tion exam – the translocation t(9;22) was present in 100% of the analyzed cells – and the detection of BCR-ABL1 b2a2 trans­cript established the diagnosis of chronic myeloid leu­ke­mia, B-cell lymphoblastic crisis. We decided to start the treat­ment with the GRAAPH 2005 pro­to­col associated with ima­ti­nib, and the patient was a candidate for allogeneic trans­plan­ta­tion. We chose to pre­sent this case because the pa­tient was young, without sig­ni­fi­cant comorbidities, with chronic myeloid leukemia – B-cell lymphoblastic crisis as the initial diagnosis, whose evo­lu­tion was negative, despite his favorable prognosis.
Transition Energy, Orientation Force and Work Done in Transitional Behavior Atoms: Formulating New Principles in Thermodynamics
Authors: Ali Mubarak
Published: January 2021

A study of different parameters in thermodynamics is important to explore the science of various phenomena. Solid atoms are related to the science of condensed matter when their transition states do not reinstate into the original states. The same is the case with gaseous atoms but in a different way. An anomaly in the first law of thermodynamics can be found while studying transitional behaviors of atoms. A gaseous atom involves transitional energy in a gaining manner while undertaking transition state. Hence, the work is carried out by that gaseous atom. In fact, this should be registered symbolically in a plus form. A solid atom involves transitional energy absorbed in undertaking transition state. Hence, the work is carried out on that solid atom. In fact, this should be registered symbolically in a minus form. Thus, anomaly is resolved for equations of change in internal energy of the system. The transition energy introduces different transition states in the system which is composed of gaseous or solid atoms. Hence, gaseous and solid atoms engage different orientation forces to orientate their electrons. In an atom, transition energy changes potential energy of an electron, whereby it controls the position through orientation force. Gaseous and solid atoms introduce cooling and heating effects when electrons start to restore from the mid-states. In gaseous or solid atom, a mid-state exists between re-crystallization and liquid states. An electron executes dynamics by remaining within the occupied energy knot. Thus, nonstop elastically-driven electronic states of atoms are the cause of entropy and irreversible cycle.
Evaluate the needs of prosthodontic and orthodontic care among individuals with special needs
Authors: Pradeep Subbaiah  , Dhakshaini MR  , Raghunath N  , Nataraja NP
Published: January 2021

Approximately 1.7 per cent of worldwide children with disabilities (INDIA) are "special." They come to Earth with unique talents, but conventional lives have no time for them and consider them a problem. In terms of physical pain and community disabilities, malocclusion and missing teeth combined can have a detrimental impact on an individual's quality of life. Data on the individual's special needs for oral health are limited. Most studies are focused on the analysis of a limited number of people, subjects of substantially different ages or with different conditions of special need. There is a lack of records of oral disorder limited to cleft lips and cleft palate, hearing impaired and, specifically, psychologically challenging persons. The present Research aims assessing the severity & complexity of Orthodontic Treatment Needs using "IOTN Index" - Dental Health Component and “Prosthodontic requirements" as per WHO Oral Health Assessment of 12-25 years of age individuals with special needs in Mysuru City, Karnataka, India.
Evaluation of neuroprotective potential of methanolic extract of Hemidesmus indicus extract in Aβ (1-42) induced rats
Authors: Swati Som  , Justin Antony  , Palanisamy Dhanabal S  , Sivasankaran Ponnusankar
Published: January 2021

Excessive cerebral deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides with 40-42 amino acids are the major neuropathologic feature of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), accompanied by a progressive and functional decline in cognition. With the failing attempts in the development of new pharmacological intervention and due to suboptimal results from the existing therapies available for the treatment of AD, there is a constant hunt for a new therapeutic alternative to address this severe neurodegenerative disease. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Hemidesmus indicus extract in Aβ (1-42) infused model of AD. Sporadic model of AD was achieved by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection of Aβ (1-42) peptide in Wistar rats, followed by treatment with methanolic extract of H. indicus (MEHI) at 100 and 200 mg/kg for 28 days. Locomotor activity, Radial arm Maze task and Passive avoidance test were used for the assessment of neurobehavioral deficits. After completion of 28 days treatment protocol, animals were euthanized and brains were collected for neurochemical analysis. Reversal of cognitive impairment was observed by MEHI on Aβ (1-42) rats, as evidenced by improved spatial memory learning. Furthermore, MEHI attenuated Aβ (1-42) induced oxidative stress and inhibited acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity. Collectively, these findings exhibited neuroprotective activity of MEHI by ameliorating Aβ (1-42) mediated neuronal damage, thereby can stand as a potential disease-modifying therapeutic for curbing AD pathology.
A presentation of hemiplegia and recurrent melena in Osler Weber Rendu syndrome
Authors: Ayana S Kumar  , Akshaya Suresh  , Rakhi Krishna  , Anoop Koshy  , Roshni P R
Published: January 2021

Osler Weber Rendu syndrome, synonymously Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, is a rare systemic disease with multiple-organ involvement. This genetic disorder inherits in an autosomal dominant fashion, with the incidence found closer to 1 in every 5,000 people. The condition can be diagnosed at any age and has an equal chance of affecting both males and females. A 74-year-old male, having a history of left hemiplegia, was admitted with a recent history of recurrent melena. An upper enteroscopy revealed bleeding telangiectasia in the proximal jejunum managed with hemoclips. The possibility of Osler Weber Rendu syndrome was considered as he developed bleeding recurrently. According to Curacao Criteria, a minimum of two out of four symptoms should be present to ratify the disease, and the presence of three symptoms makes a definite diagnosis. Since there is no cure for the syndrome to date, therapy's mainstay entails meticulous supportive care (focused on managing the manifestations). The disease is a type of arteriovenous malformation associated with the mutation in either endoglin (ENG) or activin A receptor-like kinase-1 (ACVRL1) genes. He was given an intraarticular injection of methotrexate in the left wrist hand because of small joint polyarthritis. The patient was symptomatically and clinically better on discharge. Novel treatment strategy includes bevacizumab and thalidomide though their use has not been clinically approved.
Study of placental morphometric anatomy in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus and inৎluence of gestational diabetes mellitus on the fetal weight
Authors: Vishram Singh  , Kumud Ranjan  , Tewarson S L  , Rashi Singh  , Yogesh Yadav
Published: January 2021

The placenta is an organ which is an indicator of maternal and fetal disorders. Gestational Diabetes mellitus complicates 2-5% of all pregnancy. Therefore our work was an analysis of changes in placental morphometric anatomy in mothers of gestational diabetes mellitus and the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus on the fetal weight. Sixty-two placentas of full-term pregnancy collected from labour room/operation theatre of Gynaecology and obstetrics, department of government medical college and super facility hospital Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh. Out of sixty-two placentas, 31 are from mothers with no known history of preexisting gestational diabetes mellitus cases as controls and 31 collected from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. We found mean placental weight, mean placental area, mean placental volume, mean no of cotyledons significantly more in placentas of gestational diabetic mothers. Mean fetal weight of gestational diabetic mothers were more in comparison with controls. Mean transverse diameter of placentas of the diabetic mothers were more than mean transverse diameter of placentas of the non-diabetic mothers, statistically significant. Mean longitudinal diameter also more in placentas of diabetic mothers, not statistically significant. Mean thickness at the centre more in placentas of diabetic mothers, statistically significant. Mean thickness mid-way between centre and margin and mean thickness at margin more in diabetic placentas, not statistically significant. Gestational diabetic mothers had more round-shaped placentas. Marginal insertion of umbilical cord presents more in placentas of gestational diabetic mothers.
A cross-sectional study of the phenomenology of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Sivabalan E  , Amritha Prasad  , Thirunavukarasu M
Published: January 2021

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinical syndrome whose hallmarks are excessive, anxiety-evoking thoughts and compulsive behaviours that are generally recognised as unreasonable, but which cause significant distress and impairment. Heterogeneous nature of OCD presentation makes its conceptualisation as a complicated one. Phenomenological studies are needed to understand various heterogeneity OCD. This study is intended to see various phenomenological subtypes of OCD in the local population. This is a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Two hundred consecutive OCD patients attending psychiatry OPD analysed for the various social-demographic features and phenomenological findings. In our study, 48% of the sample had only obsessions, 19% had only compulsions, while 33% had a mixed presentation, studying the subtypes, the study revealed that 36.5% of the sample who presented with fear of contamination and 11.5 % samples have an aggressive obsession and another 11.5 % samples have symmetry obsession. 28% had contamination obsessions, 9% had sexual obsessions, 7% had somatic obsessions while 9% had religious obsessions, and 6% had various types of obsessions. When compulsion was assessed, it was found to be checking 28(77.8%), cleaning 25 (69%), repeating 18(50%), counting 6(16%), ordering 4 (11%), collecting 4(11%) and miscellaneous 15(42%) when subtyped. Studying the phenomenological pattern in OCD patient would help in better understanding of the illness of the patients, it also tries to attempt the relationship between sociocultural issues and OCD. Though the neurobiology is similar in all individuals, phenomenology differs between individuals concerning gender, religion and culture.
The Effectiveness of Foot Reflexology Massage in Reducing Cortisol Saliva Levels as a Biomarker of Stress for Patients with Cancer
Authors: Ashar Prima  , Heny Pangastut  , Sri Setiyarini  , Christantie Effendy
Published: January 2021

Patients with cancer will experience limitations in meeting their daily needs, including psychological problems such as stress. Stress can be assessed through cortisol saliva as a biomarker of stress. Foot Reflexology will help restore the body's energy balance, stimulate relaxation and endorphins, and reduce stress. To determine the effect of foot reflexology to reduce salivary cortisol levels as a biomarker of anxiety for patients with cancer. Adult patients with cancer in stage II and III hospitalized in a Public hospital in Central Java, Indonesia, were invited. Foot reflexology was given once (40 minutes) a day. Saliva collection was carried out two times a day (30 minutes before intervention) and 15 minutes after intervention. Salivary cortisol levels at baseline and post-intervention were measured and compared to determine the effect of foot reflexology. Data were analyzed using the Wilcox on signed-rank and effect size (ES) test. Fifty-five patients (93.2%) participated in this study. We found that the effect size of foot reflexology was 0.82 (ρ = 0.001) with a mean and standard deviation of salivary cortisol levels at baseline and post-intervention were (9.31 ± 5.45 and 6.17 ± 4.55) respectively. These findings indicated the significant effect of giving Foot Reflexology Massage in reducing salivary cortisol levels. Foot Reflexology massage is proven to have a substantial impact on reducing the Salivary cortisol level as a stress biomarker.
Analysis and Classification of SAR Textures Using Information Theory
Authors: Chagas Eduarda TC , Frery Alejandro , Rosso Osvaldo A , Ramos Heitor S
Published: January 2021

No description supplied
Saluang Dendang Sirompak dalam Tradisi Ritual Magis di Payakumbuh: Satuan Kajian Karakteristik Musikal
Authors: Ediwar Ediwar , Hanefi Hanefi , Minawati Rosta , Yulika Febri
Published: January 2021

Saluang dan Dendang Sirompak merupakan bagian tidak terpisahkan dari pertunjukan Sirompak.Pertunjukan difungsikan untuk mempengaruhi orang lain melalui kekuatan magi. Tradisi ba-Sirompak diidentifikasi sebuah komposisi musik bersifat free rhythm. Mantera disajikan melaluikalimat yang disusun untuk mendatangkan kekuatan gaib. Ba-sirompak difungsikan untuk‘mengguna-gunai’ wanita secara ilmu kebatinan (magis). Penelitian ini dilakukan denganmenggunakan metode kualitatif, yaitu data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dandokumentasi. Dalam pengumpulan data digunakan tiga tahap penelitian. yaitu: Pertama,studi kapustakaan untuk mengumpulkan bahan tertulis yang diperlukan sesuai masalah yangditeliti. Kedua, penelitian lapangan untuk mungumpulkan data dengan teknik observasidan wawancara langsung secara mandalam, dengan difokuskan pada rekonstruksi ritual Basirompak.;Ketiga, pengolahan data, dilakukan berupa transkripsi music dalam bentuk notasi,deskripsi, dan analisis data yang siap dijadikan laporan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untukmengetahui karakteristik musical Saluang Dendang Sirompak dengan mengkaji unsur-unsurmusikal pada pusaran motif, frase, dan periode melodis.Kata Kunci: Ba-sirompak, Karakter musikal, Ritual Magi.
Tari Buyung Cigugur Kuningan di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Caturwati Endang , Subiantoro Ign. Herry , Elisandy Terry
Published: January 2021

Tari Buyung merupakan sebuah tarian yang dipergelarkan pada upacara adat Seren Taun diCigugur Kuningan. Tarian tersebut memiliki makna, menginjak kendi sambil membawa buyungdi kepala (nyuhun) erat hubungannya dengan ungkapan ‘di mana bumi dipijak di situ langitdijunjung’. Di masa Pamdemi Covid-19 tari Buyung tidak dipergelarkan. Artikel ini merupakanhasil Penelitian Hibah Tesis Magister ISBI Bandung, bertujuan menghasilkan berbagai aspekyang terkait dengan tari Buyung, serta re-komposisi koreografi dan pola lantai Tari Buyung,sesuai dengan kebutuhan pertunjukan di masa pamdemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakanadalah metode ‘DO IT’, dengan mengevaluasi masalah satu persatu guna mendapatkan solusicara berpikir kreatif. Hasil peneltian, (1) Ditemukan adanya ‘perubahan konsep pertunjukan’,di masa pamdemi Covid-19; (2) Re-Komposisi Tari Buyung sesuai jumlah penari dan ruangpertunjukan out door ke in door, (3) Menemukan ‘Pola Tujuh’ dari berbagai aspek yang terkaitdengan pertunjukan Tari Buyung.Kata Kunci: Tari Buyung, Seren Taun Cigugur Kuningan
EVALUATE THE INFLUENCE OF STEEL FIBERS ON THE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE USING PLASTIC WASTE AS FINE AGGREGATES
Authors: Qazi Samiullah
Published: January 2021

The plastic existence in abundance and its low biodegradability affect the environment. In recent years, researchers have tested numerous recycling techniques. However, each has its demerits. One such technique is recycling plastic as aggregates in concrete. It improves the concrete thermal insulation but depreciates its compressive and tensile strength, which is its core property in the construction industry. The objective of this research work is to efficiently utilize the plastic aggregate in concrete without deteriorating its strength with the use of steel fibers. In total eight concrete mix configurations were studied in this research. The result discussion includes compressive strength, split tensile test, and toughness index. The steel fiber used in the concrete mix with recycled plastic as fine aggregates improved the concrete strength. Its effects increase with an increase in % vol replacement of plastic aggregates with fine aggregates from 5 to 20.
SOME RESULTS RELATED TO CONVEXIFIABLE FUNCTIONS
Authors: Mehmood Faraz
Published: January 2021

The present article is devoted to the class of convexiﬁable functions and related results. In this way, we would recapture the result of authors L. Maligranda et. al. and we would obtain new majorization type results for weighted convexiﬁable function. This article also recaptures similar results for convex function as well as for concave function
Poliedros orgânicos: um jogo didático para o ensino de nomenclatura dos compostos orgânicos
Authors: Haraguchi Shirani Kaori , Silva Adriano Antonio
Published: January 2021

Neste trabalho é relatada a produção, aplicação e avaliação da proposta do jogo “Poliedros Orgânicos”, para o ensino de nomenclatura dos compostos orgânicos em disciplinas com o conteúdo de química orgânica no Ensino Superior. Utilizou-se da metodologia da pesquisa-ação ou investigação-ação, que permite investigar a própria prática empregada no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, ou seja, é ao mesmo tempo, o objeto da análise crítica, da reflexão do ensino empregado, e o identificador da aprendizagem gerada. O jogo contribuiu com a revisão do conteúdo teórico, enquanto desafiava e motivava os estudantes a buscarem mais conhecimentos sobre um conteúdo considerado chato e mnemônico, possibilitando a superação das dificuldades com relação à alfabetização científica, e à linguagem de sinais, utilizada na nomeação e identificação das moléculas orgânicas. Os aspectos lúdicos e educativos presentes, neste jogo, foram validados, sendo este um recurso didático divertido e estimulante, capaz de impactar positivamente os estudantes, tanto na edificação do conhecimento, quanto no desenvolvimento pessoal e socioemocional, reiterando que a atividade lúdica é um importante aliado no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Improving the Quality of life: The Implication of Intrathecal Baclofen in patients with Protracted Spasticity
Authors: Abbasi Zainab , Vinesh Avenkar Priyanka , Ahmed Muhammad Faizan
Published: January 2021

Spasticity is defined as a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone. Clinically, it becomes more visible with a rapid stretching movement. The pathogenesis of this clinical entity involves upper motor neuron dysfunction. Patients could present with minor muscle stiffness to uncontrollable, painful muscle contractions. This increased tonicity of multiple muscle groups throughout the body significantly impacts mobility and leads to altered posturing, pressure ulcers, and even leads to continence problems. All of these considerably impede these patients' daily lives.
Role of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in the diagnosis of Prostatic Cancer.
Authors: Zafar Sara , Shazlee Kashif , Azmat Uzma , Darira Jaideep , Hameed Kamran , Gul Rafay
Published: January 2021

Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a vital role in diagnosing prostatic cancer routinely done before biopsy for the lesion's extent and defining the correct path for ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy.  Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) is a non-invasive MRI sequence that shows improved sensitivity and specificity in the same setting with no additional cost. The study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of DWI in the detection of prostatic cancer.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the radiology department of Dr. Ziauddin University Hospital between 15/ 04 /2016 to 15/ 4 /2017. A total of 201 patients who were clinically suspected of having prostatic tumors were in this study's inclusion criteria. MRI, including DWI, was done. The final diagnosis was based on an analysis of the histopathology report.

Results: Out of 201 males with clinical suspicious of prostatic cancer, 160 were diagnosed with prostatic cancer on histopathology. Of these, 150 were positive on DWI. The sensitivity of diffusion-weighted MRI was found to be 93.7%, 75.60% specificity, and 90.0% diagnostic accuracy (DA) for the diagnosis of prostatic cancer.

Conclusion: Diffusion-weighted sequence in MRI examination has a vital role in diagnosing prostatic cancer and should be considered a routine pre-biopsy investigation along with MRI in clinically suspected cases of prostate cancer.
Macromolecular characterization and growth kinetics of Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella Vulgaris as affected by different media (synthetic and Anaerobic Digestor Effluent) - A comparative study.
Authors: Abid Aasima , Khan Huriya , Fatima Zeb Tahseen , Syed Muneeb Uddin  , Amin Rafat , Khan Sadaf , Ali Shaukat
Published: January 2021

Background: Global concern about the availability of irrefragable, nutritious food to the masses to eliminate malnutrition had raised interest in microalgae-based dietary supplements. Furthermore, improper disposal of industrial wastewater is contaminating freshwater resources around the world, which is increasing the demand for eco-friendly water recycling strategies. The focus has been shifted to the use of microalgae because of their ability to treat wastewater and their biotechnological applications. Among them, Chlorella Vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis are attracting considerable attention for their effective growth on wastewater and their nutritional value and use in biofuel production.

Methodology:  Cultures of C. Vulgaris and A. platensis were subjected to different growth conditions to analyze their growth kinetics and biomass production in their respective synthetic media and Anaerobic Digestor Effluent (ADE). The biomass produced was further analyzed for its protein (Lowry method), carbohydrate (phenol-sulfuric method), and lipid (Bligh and Dyer method) content. 

Results: The results obtained through the growth kinetics study showed that C. Vulgaris and A. platensis display a better growth rate on ADE at higher light intensities as compared to cultures growing on synthetic media. Significantly different levels of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid were also reported. C. Vulgaris grown on ADE had 78.5% protein content compared to 62% achieved in F/2 medium. Similarly, 7.6% of carbohydrate content was achieved in ADE compared to 6% in F/2. Lipid content however was much higher in F/2 (22%) compared to ADE (13%). The culture of A. platensis grown on ADE had 84% protein content compared to 71% achieved in Zarrouk’s medium. Similarly, 11.7% of carbohydrate content was achieved in ADE compared to 16.6% in Zarrouk’s. Lipid content in A. platensis was found to be very low (3%). 

Conclusion: The present study builds an understanding of the relationship between different factors contributing to economical microalgae production and macromolecular characterization of the targeted microalgae for analyzing its potential applications and uses. The study further suggests the added advantage of cost-effective production of algal biomass with an added advantage of phycoremediation using ADE as growth media.
Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract (EGb 761) on Lead-induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats.
Authors: Amjad Zaheer , Shabbir Sanya , Mughal Amna , Fatima Zeb Tahseen , Amin Rafat , Mirza Talat
Published: January 2021

Background: Lead is a well-known omnipresent environmental toxin that is harmful to almost any system of the body. Kidneys being the major site of excretion, are very susceptible to its toxic effects. The damage usually involves the proximal convoluted tubules (PCTs) and glomeruli, mainly because of the oxidative stress induced by lead. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761), being known to have natural anti-oxidative properties, was used in this study to see whether it ameliorates the lead-induced nephrotoxic effects of not.

Methodology: Twenty male Wistar albino rats were divided into four equal groups. Group A was kept as control and given nothing, Group B was given 8 mg/kg body weight lead acetate intraperitoneally, Group C was given EGb 761 100 mg/kg body weight orally and Group D received both lead acetate as well as EGb 761 simultaneously in the above-mentioned doses. The treatment continued daily for 42 days, after which the rats were sacrificed and histomorphological and immunohistochemical parameters were studied from the extracted kidneys.

Results: Lead-induced histomorphological changes, including widened PCTs, contracted glomeruli, decreased and pyknotic nuclei and widened urinary spaces, were all reverted to near control in Group D animals. EGb 761 itself did not produce changes in Group C rats except that expression of laminin was marginally decreased. Overall, the laminin expression was not much affected in any of the groups.

Conclusion: The present study suggests an ameliorating effect of EGb 761 on lead-induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats. At the same time, other major paralogues of laminin need to be incorporated into the study to see the specific paralogue which is affected in lead-induced nephrotoxicity.
Curcumin attenuates sensorimotor deficits induced by selective neuronal loss: A study in middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model of transient ischemic stroke.
Authors: Shamim Mufzala , Iqbal Khan Nazish
Published: January 2021

Background: Ischemic stroke is the most prevalent and major pathological stroke type. Increased systemic oxidative stress is a crucial underlying pathophysiological mechanism of ischemic stroke. In this regard, therapeutic interventions targeting oxidative stress management would be a promising avenue. Curcumin is well recognized to counteract various pathologies effectively. The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of curcumin against ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced selective neuronal damage.

Methodology: Present study employed an ischemic brain injury model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in Wistar albino rats. Experimental groups (n=36; age-matched, female, weighing 200-240 g) were control, sham-operated, MCAO (15 min occlusion + 24 hrs. reperfusion) and curcumin-treated pre-stroke group (received curcumin 300 mg/kg body weight/day, I/P, for 30 days followed by MCAO). With the completion of the experimental protocol, sensorimotor deficits were examined by behavioral tests, including neurological deficit score, foot fault test, forelimb placing test, corner turn test, and wire hanging test.

Results: Compared to MCAO rats, curcumin-treated MCAO rats showed better neurological functioning (p<0.05) as exhibited by substantial reductions in neurological score. Compared with stroke group, curcumin treated group showed better functional outcomes as displayed by improved scores in foot fault index, and forelimb placing test (p<0.01), fewer left turns (p<0.01) in corner turn test, and prolonged grip latency in wire hanging test (p<0.01).

Conclusion: The present study showed that designed curcumin treatment effectively manages MCAO-induced sensorimotor dysfunction by preventing selective neuronal loss after the ischemic attack, attributed to its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory potentials.
Antibiogram status of Commensal Strains involved in Multidrug Resistance recovered from famous street foods of Karachi: A threat for public health.
Authors: Mehboob Aneela , Abbas Tanveer
Published: January 2021

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is, as of now, the quintessential issue these days and commensal microorganisms are contributing their part efficiently in disseminating resistance. Thus, this investigation aimed to determine the antibiogram pattern of bacteria recovered from street vended foods in Karachi city.

Methodology: Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion technique was done to check the sensitivity pattern of foodborne bacteria towards 11 standard antibiotics with a range of (11 - 40 mm) inhibition zone. 

Results:  Nearly all the tested food isolates showed resistance towards oxacillin and amoxicillin. Strains of S. faecalis demonstrated 100 % resistance against gentamicin, chloramphenicol, oxacillin, tobramycin, and streptomycin. Ready-to-eat food contaminated with a high bacterial count is an important matter of concern.

Conclusion: Commensal bacteria are responsible for several foodborne sicknesses and are involved in the mechanism of lateral gene transfer. Hence, the exploitation of drugs and violation of acceptable sanitation standards and good hygiene practices must be restricted to restrain the antimicrobial drug resistance and provide good quality food that fulfills the requirements of consumers' wellbeing.
Assessment of vitamin D levels in association with clinical determinants in females with hip fracture.
Authors: Alam Muhammad Afaque , Ali Muhammad Qasim , Javeed Muhammad Imran , Ali Shah Syed Kamran , Khan Zafrullah , Syed Jahanzeb
Published: January 2021

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of falls and hip fractures in older adults. Risk factors are suboptimal sunlight exposure and the lower cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D, reduced dietary intake of D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol), impaired intestinal absorption, and impaired hydroxylation in the liver and kidneys. The present study's objective was to determine the frequency of vitamin D levels in females with hip fractures presenting to a tertiary care facility in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, from 17th May to 16th November 2016. A total of 123 females with Hip fracture of ≤ 4 weeks were included in this study. Patient's age, occupation, education level, and comorbidities like diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and Vitamin D levels were observed. The patient was labeled with vitamin D sufficiency, insufficiency, and deficiency on the basis of Vitamin D levels. Stratification was done, and the post-stratification Chi-square test was applied.

Results:  The mean age of study participant was 60.32 ± 9.14 years and the mean duration of fracture was 12.27 ± 5.84 days, Body Mass Index (BMI) was 24.57 ± 2.77 kg/m2, vitamin D level was 18.28 ± 8.10 ng/ml. Only 8.9% were found with sufficient vitamin D levels. Insufficiency was found in 28.5% of patients. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 62.6% of patients.

Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is common in elderly female patients with hip fractures and is associated with age and DM. This initial work warrants further larger-scale studies of vitamin D variations.
Antioxidant effects of Moringa oleifera seed oil against oxidative stress induced by alloxan in rats.
Authors: Sajid Abeer , Naz Lubna , Mughal Akbar , Yasmeen Ghazala , Iqbal Nazish , Sohail Sumera
Published: January 2021

Background: Type I diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome manifested with chronic hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin secretion. Hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus has been associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) along with inflammatory mediators. There is no allopathic cure for T1DM; therefore, novel strategies for cost-effective plant origin treatments are needed to be formulated with fewer side effects. The research aims to analyze the potential effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) seed oil, tracking certain biochemical markers and antioxidant enzymes in Alloxan induced diabetic rats.

Methodology: Eighteen male Wistar rats having weights of 180-220 g were distributed into 3 groups (n=6). Group I: served as Control group, Group II: served as Alloxan treated and Group III: served as Alloxan + MO treated. Diabetes was induced via intraperitoneally administered Alloxan dissolved in 0.9 % NaCl solution (120 mg/kg body weight). In group III, rats were also given 1.5 ml/kg body weight of MO seed oil daily from 4th day of Alloxan administration. The rats were decapitated just after the 21st day for biochemical and antioxidant assessments.

Results: Treatment with MO seed oil has shown a significant decrease (p<0.05) in plasma glucose, serum urea, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. In contrast, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were not-significant (p>0.05) as compared with untreated control groups. Insulin and total protein levels had a significant increase (p<0.05) in Alloxan+MO treated group compared to the Alloxan treated group. Also, the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased (p<0.05), whereas catalase (CAT) activity was not-significant (p>0.05) in Alloxan+MO treated group as compared with Alloxan treated group.

Conclusion: Our study showed that MO seed oil is a potent anti-oxidative hypoglycemic agent capable of improving other clinical conditions related to either oxidative stress or diabetes mellitus, such as the hepatic, renal and pancreatic functions.