bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intranasal fluticasone propionate in the pharmacotherapy of allergic rhinitis
Authors:   Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia, Astafieva Natalia G. , Gamova Inna V. ,   Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia, Kobzev Denis Yu. ,   Leeds Trinity University, School of Health and Social Sciences, UK, Perfilova Irina A. ,   Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia, Udovichenko Ekaterina N. ,   Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia, Aleschina Lybov V. ,   Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia
Published: September 2021

Rhinitis is one of the most common diseases and this term is used as an umbrella diagnosis for patients with different clinical phenotypes of the disease (allergic, non-allergic, infectious, etc.). Recognizing the high socio-economic burden of the disease and complexities of choosing an optimal therapy, it is important to focus on interdisciplinary interactions, which are reflected in modern clinical guidelines created by experts from ARIA, EAACI, EPOS, as well as national and professional societies. Patients with rhinitis symptoms often self-medicate, use the advice of pharmacist, receive recommendations from general practitioners in outpatient practice, and very few patients get specialists (ENT or allergist-immunologist) advice; herefore, in many cases, optimal criteria for disease control (symptoms, quality of life, objective measurements) cannot be achieved. Currently international professional communities have developed innovative therapeutic approaches based on knowledge of the phenotypes/endotypes of rhinitis to achieve such a control. Physicians in both primary and specialized care are encouraged to use step therapy. This approach to treatment is based on the control of disease symptoms, and intranasal corticosteroids (InGCS) are considered to be the most effective anti-inflammatory drugs for long-term control of rhinitis, especially in moderate-severe/severe cases. This well-proven efficacy of InGCS and their advantages over other classes of drugs make them the first-line therapy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (evidence level A), as well as the drugs of choice for non-allergic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis. This review discusses fluticasone propionate, one of the in-demand InGCS, which has been the cornerstone of the treatment of allergic rhinitis for many years.
Design, development and in vivo pharmacokinetic of telmisartan loaded oral disintegration tablets
Authors: Arindam Chatterjee  , Shaik Mohammad Abdulla  , Nagarajan G  , Birendra Shrivastava
Published: September 2021

Orodispersible Tablets (ODT) is a novel tableting technology which is formulated, and it overcomes the difficulties of other multi compressed tablets. Telmisartan has a bioavailability of 42-100 percent and a 24-hour elimination half-life. It excretes the majority of drugs through the faeces, which accounts for 97 percent of total drug excretion. The objective of this research is to formulate and evaluate Telmisartan loaded ODT and to prove the enhancement of dissolution and bioavailability of Telmisartan. From the DSC studies, it was confirmed that Telmisartan and excipients used in the formulation are compatible to each other and suitable for the manufacturing process. Telmisartan loaded ODT was formulated by wet granulation technique and evaluated for powder characteristics and release characteristics. About 9 formulations were formulated in each ODT, and all the formulation obeys a good powder flow characteristic from the angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio. All the experimental formulation batches have been subjected to various evaluations viz, average weight, friability, disintegration, thickness, hardness, dissolution, content uniformity. Among this nine Telmisartan ODT formulations (F1-F9), F7 possess an expected release pattern and disintegration time in a short time period (i.e., 101.8 ± 2.72 in 5th min and disintegration time at 5 seconds), which may fastens the absorption and bioavailability of Telmisartan. It was concluded that ODT was a suitable dosage form to enhance the solubility at the same time the bioavailability of BCS class II drugs like Telmisartan.
Functional and metabolic fitness of human CD4+ T lymphocytes during metabolic stress
Authors: Holthaus Lisa , Sharma Virag , Brandt Daniel , Ziegler Anette-Gabriele , Jastroch Martin , Bonifacio Ezio
Published: September 2021

Human CD4+ T cells are essential mediators of immune responses. By altering the mitochondrial and metabolic states, we defined metabolic requirements of human CD4+ T cells for in vitro activation, expansion, and effector function. T-cell activation and proliferation were reduced by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation, whereas early cytokine production was maintained by either OXPHOS or glycolytic activity. Glucose deprivation in the presence of mild mitochondrial stress markedly reduced all three T-cell functions, contrasting the exposure to resveratrol, an antioxidant and sirtuin-1 activator, which specifically inhibited cytokine production and T-cell proliferation, but not T-cell activation. Conditions that inhibited T-cell activation were associated with the down-regulation of 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase genes via interferon response pathways. Our findings indicate that T-cell function is grossly impaired by stressors combined with nutrient deprivation, suggesting that correcting nutrient availability, metabolic stress, and/or the function of T cells in these conditions will improve the efficacy of T-cell–based therapies.
Psychological Problems During The COVID-19 Pandemic Among Medical Students : A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Badri Putri Rizki Amalia , Oktariza Rury Tiara
Published: September 2021

The pandemic of COVID-19 gave a great impact on college students learning activity, especially medical students. Thus, they may become vulnerable to have psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and stress. The study aimed to investigate anxiety, depression, and stress rates among medical students during the pandemic of COVID-19 and the affecting factors. This cross-sectional study used DASS questionnaire online survey. 312 medical students, a total sampling in Muhammadiyah Palembang University participated in this study. The univariate analysis was used to determine the level of psychological problems while the bivariate analysis was carried out to determine the affecting factors. The study findings showed that 50.6% of the students reportedly had anxiety (12.2 % mild, 17.3% moderate, 10.9% severe, 10.3% very severe), 33% of the students had depression (13.5% mild, 11.9% moderate, 3.8% severe, 3.8% very severe), and 22.4% of the students had stress (10.6% mild, 9.3% moderate, 5.1% severe, 1.3% very severe). There were no differences between gender for anxiety, depression and stress (p=0.335, p=0.261, p=0.134 respectively). Junior students were more anxious than senior students (p=0.015). More than half of medical students experienced anxiety with moderate anxiety mostly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and junior students were more likely to suffer anxiety.
Particular Matter of Motor Vehicle Exposure and High-Fat Diet Effects onKidney Histopathology, Creatinine, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels inWistar Rats
Authors: Veni Rizka , Prasetyo Awal , Muniroh Muflihatul
Published: September 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of combination of motor vehicle particular matter exposure and high-fat diet in kidneyhistopathology, creatinine levels, and MDA levels in Wistar rats. This study used a posttest-only control group design.Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The intervention groups received motor vehicle fumeexposure for 100 s with normal diet (X1) or high-fat diet (X2), and the control group received no exposure (C). Data analysiswas processed with a SPSS 25.0 computer program by using the one-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc LSD. The degreeof kidney histopathological damage showed significant differences between the X1 and X2 groups when compared with thecontrol group (p<0.05). The results of the creatinine level examination found a significant difference between the X2 and Cgroups (p<0.05) and the treatment groups X1 and X2 (p<0.05). The results of kidney MDA level examination showed asignificant difference between the treatment groups (X1 and X2) and the control group (p<0.05). The combination ofparticular matter of motor vehicle fumes exposure and high-fat diet could induce kidney damage through histopathologicalchange and increased creatinine levels and kidney MDA levels in Wistar rats.
Students’ Perception towards Green Building Practices
Authors: Fitriani Heni , Hilala Eufrasia
Published: September 2021

Green building practice has been gaining its popularity nowadays due to its significant benefits in protecting environmentfrom threat caused by construction activities. It appears that there is a poor perception among construction players aboutgreen building in Indonesia. The students also play an important role in the development of construction especially greenbuilding in the future. This study aims to analyze the students’ perceptions of civil engineering and architecture students ofUniversity of Sriwijaya towards green building practices. The questionnaires were used for data collection which covered thebasic understandings, criteria, benefits, and challenges of green building. There were about 240 respondents consisting of 153from civil engineering and 87 respondents from architecture. The validity and reliability tests were conducted. The resultsshowed that there is a positive impact on the perceptions among students towards green building adoption. Based on theanalysis, the major benefit perceived by students was to reduce construction waste with a mean value of 4.67. Therefore,the reduction of construction waste will minimize the environmental damage and conserve natural resources. It was alsofound that the lack of knowledge from project team members about green building became the most significant challengetowards green building practices based on students’ perception. This study could offer valuable information related to benefitsand challenges towards green building implementation among university students so that university could improve teachingmaterials and methods by applying the current issues in the construction sector.
Impact of Agricultural Land Changes on Farmers’ Income in Cirasea Watershed, Bandung Regency, West Java
Authors: Husodo Teguh , Wulandari Indri , Abdoellah Oekan S , Cahyandito Martha Fani , Shanida Sya Sya
Published: September 2021

Changes from agricultural land to non-agricultural land are continuously occurring, especially in areas adjacent to cities. Land changes from agricultural to non-agricultural land will eliminate crops’ hydrological function, impacting rivers, including the Cirasea River. Besides, changes in agricultural land have an impact on the resulting agricultural productivity and income. This study’s main objective is to determine land area changes, productivity, and farmers’ income in 2011 - 2018 in the Cirasea watershed. A literature study was applied to this study. Secondary data were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Ciparay, Ibun, Kertasari, Majalaya, Pacet, and Paseh Districts, Bandung Regency in Cirasea River Upstream. The study results showed an increase in land area, productivity, and agricultural income for vegetables (75%, 50%, and 68%, respectively) and rice field (16%, 0.32%, and 0.32%). In addition, there was a decrease in land area followed by a decrease in agricultural productivity and income for fruit commodities (-88%, -35%, -33%) and plantations (-97%, -1%, -1%). For eight years, farmers have relied on their income from vegetable commodities in Cirasea Watershed.
Dynamics of changes in plasma fatty acid binding proteins and intestinal zonulin in patients with generalized intra-abdominal infection and abdominal sepsis depending on the severity of patients
Authors: Kryvoruchko I. A. , Sykal M. O.
Published: September 2021

Objective. Determine the levels of plasma intestinal fatty acid binding proteins levels in combination with zonulin in patients with generalized intra-abdominal infection and abdominal sepsis, and define the clinical usefulness them to assess the severity of patients.

Materials ad methods. This study was based on an analysis of 59 patients of both sexes aged 18 to 70 years with generalized intra-abdominal infection (gIAI) and abdominal sepsis (AS).

Results. According to the aims and objectives of the study the patients were divided into three groups: the 1st group - 26 patients with generalized peritonitis without sepsis according to the «Sepsis-3» criterion; the 2nd group - 24 patients with sepsis, and the 3rd group - 9 patients with septic shock. We found statistically significant higher levels of I-FABP in the all groups of patients (P = 0.000). The same tendency was observed in all periods of the study, and the most significant levels of I-FABP were by the tenth day after surgery in patients with septic shock: IQR 1567.3- 3876.1 (P = 0.000). Patients with abdominal sepsis did not have a statistically significant change in zonulin levels compared to patients with gIAI without sepsis (P = 0.560) and a similar trend was observed on the 3rd day after surgery (P = 0.135). Only by the 7th and 10th days after surgery changes in zonulin levels were significant in intra-abdominal infection patients without sepsis, with abdominal sepsis and septic shock (P = 0.000 and P = 0.004, respectively).

Conclusions. Serum I-FABP levels were valuable and objectively early predictors of the severity of gastrointestinal injuries in gIAI. We also presented evidence of increased plasma zonulin levels in generalized intra-abdominal infection compared with the control group. Elevated zonulin levels were an additional indicator of the observed increase in intestinal permeability during gIAI, but zonulin was not an early biomarker of the severity of gastrointestinal damage like I-FABP.
Modern views on the problem of the sutures insufficiency of colorectal anastomoses
Authors: Gordiichuk M. P.
Published: September 2021

Modern views on the problem of the sutures insufficiency of colorectal anastomoses
Outcomes of robotic right colectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis compared with laparoscopic right colectomy
Authors: Coco D. , Leanza S.
Published: September 2021

Outcomes of robotic right colectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis compared with laparoscopic right colectomy
Parenteral feeding in perioperative period. Is its standardization possible?
Authors: Mazur А. P.
Published: September 2021

Parenteral feeding in perioperative period. Is its standardization possible?
Успадкування форми апофіза насінної луски й кольору шишок уклонів і насіннєвих потомств плюсових дерев сосни звичайної на Рівненщині
Authors: Lazar Оlena
Published: September 2021

Досліджено особливості успадкування форми апофізу насінної луски і кольору шишок по-томством плюсових дерев. Згідно з літературними даними виділено 23 форми апофізів. На насінних план-таціях та у випробних культурах виділені дерева, які мали 14 форм апофізів насінної луски на шишці, серед яких описано 5 нових форм (б4, б5, б6, в16, в17). У сібсів і півсібсів насінна луска шишки може успадковуватись різних типів і проявляти такі форми, які відсутні в клонів. Гачкувата форма апофізу луски на шишці переважає в більшості клонів (71,4%). У клонів із різними формами апофізу півсібсами й сібсами успадковується гачку-вата форма (67,1%, 45,8%), значна кількість сібсів має гладеньку форму (37,5%).Встановлено, що в більшості півсібсів домінують сіро-коричневі шишки без відтінків (47,1, 35,0, 25,0, 63,6%), отримані від клонів із шишками: темно-коричневими із червонуватим відтінком, коричневими без відтінків, коричневими із зеленуватим відтінком, світло-коричневими без відтінків відповідно; сіро-коричневі шишки успадкували більшість сібсів (87,5%) – від клонів із сіро-коричневими і світло-коричневими шишками без відтінку й зеленуватими відтінками.
Структурно-функціональні зміни остеобластів за умов дії хронічної гіперглікемії
Authors: Ponyrko Alina , Teslyk Tetiana , Riabenko Tetiana
Published: September 2021

Метою нашого дослідження було вивчення структурно-функціональних змін остеогенних клі-тин довгих трубчастих кісток щурів старечого віку та визначення взаємозв’язку між ультрамікроскопічною будовою остеобластів та інтенсивністю експресії остеопонтину та RANKL за умов хронічної гіперглікемії. Експеримент моделювали щляхом інтраперитонеального введення одноразової ін’єкції дигідрату алоксану в дозі 150 мг/кг маси тіла на 0,9% розчину хлориду натрію. Для дослідження структури стегнової та плечової кісток використовували такі методи: трансмісійної електронної мікроскопії та імуногістохімічний. При дослі-дженні остеобластів та остеоцитів оцінювали наступні показники: цілісність клітинних елементів та мембран-них органел, вакуолізацію цитоплазми.В результаті експерименту було встановлено, що в старечих щурів за умов тривалої гіперглікемії спо-стерігається значна гіпертрофія гЕПС, наростаюча деструкція органел у цитоплазмі відповідно до збіль-шення терміну дії хронічної гіперглікемії. Починаючи з 30 доби експерименту у щурів старечого віку було виявлено гіперфункцію остеобластів як адаптивну реакцію на підвищення рівня глюкози та їх виражену ре-акцію у вигляді значної гіпертрофії гЕПС, деструкції органел у цитоплазмі та набуханні мітохондрій із пода-льшим активним прогресуванням аж до 180 доби. Відзначається формування залишкових тілець, що є озна-кою компенсаторної реакції.Пригнічення рівня експресії остеопонтину є наслідком підвищення рівня глюкози, що в свою чергу порушує нормальне формування кісткової тканини за умов хронічної гіперглікемії. Імуногістохімічне дослі-дження підтвердило порушення будови і функціонування остеобластів та деструктивні зміни в остеоцитах, що проявлялось у зменшенні експресії остеопонтину (одного з маркерів формування кісткової тканини) та поступовим збільшенням показника RANKL (маркер, що бере безпосередню участь у кістковій резорбції).
Культивування Sparassis laminosa на рослинних субстратах
Authors: Pasailiuk Mariia
Published: September 2021

Sparassis laminosa – їстівний, цінний у фармацевтичному відношенні, перспективний для культивування вид. Метою роботи було дослідити можливість плодоношення S. laminosa на рослинному, багатокомпонентному, модифікованому листям субстраті та перспективи використання модифікованого суб-страту для промислового культивування виду. Встановлено, що інкубація оброслого міцелієм гриба субст-рату (зерно пшениці, лушпиння соняшника, стружка хвойних, солома пшениці) з опалим листям супроводжу-ється плодоношенням S. laminosa на 46-у добу експерименту. Сформовані плодові тіла мають розміри, що не перевищують 15-20 × 10-15 см, вагу не більше 70 г, тому методика потребує доопрацювання. Отримані результати важливі для їх застосування при реалізації методики re-situ, адже обростання міцелієм опалого листя до його винесення в природу очевидно скорочуватиме процес адаптації грибниці до природних умов і цим самим підвищуватиме його життєздатність.
Pathophysiological justification of age- and gender-dependent morphological changes in the adipose tissue in rat models of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Shutova Natalia A. , Nikolaieva Olha V. , Kuzmina Irina Yu. , Pavlova Olena O. , Sulhdost Inna O.
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
The mechanisms of metabolic syndrome (MS) is one of the urgent issues in medicine. Regional distribution of the adipose tissue should be diagnosed at clinical examination, as the morphometric parameters of the cells of the active adipose tissue components may indicate the metabolic state.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the differences in morphological and histological parameters of the adipose tissue associated with the development of MS in animals of different ages and gender.

Material and methods:
An experimental study was carried out on 144 WAG/G Sto white rats, divided into three study groups. Group 1 included young immature rats, 3 months old; group 2 consisted of 48 sexually mature rats, aged 5–6 months; group 3 consisted of 48 old rats, 18 months old. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups, control and experimental, and was additionally divided according to gender.

Results and discussion:
The body mass indices and specific weights of mesenteric, epididymal, retroperitoneal and subcutaneous adipose tissue were determined in rats, as well as morphological characteristics of adipocytes of the adipose tissue. It was shown that histological and morphological changes in the adipose tissue of the animals were age- and gender-dependent, and that obesity is associated with chronic inflammation of the adipose tissue.

Conclusions:
The results of the study can be used for further determination of possible age and gender differences in the adipose tissue involvement in the development of chronic inflammation, as well as monitoring and correction of adipose tissue dysfunction in MS.
Yüksek Hacimli Çimento İçerikli Kompozitlerde Polipropilen Lif ve Alçıtaşı Kullanımının Mühendislik Özellikleri Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Oğuzhan Yavuz
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmada, polipropilen lif ve alçıtaşı kullanımı ile üretilen harçların basınç ve eğilme dayanımına, porozite ve su emme kapasitesine, kuruma büzülmesi davranışına etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda Türkiye’de üretilmeyen genleşen çimento için alternatif bir yöntem düşünülmüş ve alçıtaşı toplam hacime dahil edilmiştir. Bu yüzden alçıtaşı ilavesi ile agrega miktarı azalmıştır. Agrega olarak silis kumu (doğal agrega) ile lif içeren ve içermeyen olmak üzere 9 tip harç karışımları üretilmiştir. Tüm harç karışımlarında su/bağlayıcı değeri 0,25 olarak sabit tutulmuştur. Dayanım özellikleri ve kuruma büzülmesi davranışlarını geliştirmek amacı ile harç karışımlarına toplam hacmin %1,5 ve %3,0 oranlarında polipropilen lif eklenmiştir. Lif kullanımının harç karışımlarının işlenebilirliğini olumsuz etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle lif içeren karışımlarda sabit yayılma değerlerini elde etmek için lif içermeyen karışıma kıyasla daha fazla su ilave edilmesi gerekmektedir. Ancak dayanım azalmasını engellemek amacıyla lif içeren ve içermeyen harç karışımlarında su miktarları sabit tutulmuştur. Kompozitlerin işlenebilirliği için kendiliğinden yerleşme özelliği esas alınmış ve bu kapsamda yüksek oranda su azaltıcı katkı oranı %2,5 olarak kullanılmıştır. Üretilen harç karışımlarının 1, 7 ve 28 günlük basınç ve eğilme dayanımları, 28 günlük porozite ve su emme miktarları, 90 günlük kuruma büzülmesi değerleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre lif kullanımı ile istenilen yayılma değerini sağlamak için su azaltıcı katkı gereksinimi artmıştır. Ayrıca dayanım, porozite, su emme ve kuruma büzülmesi değerlerinde ciddi derecelerde iyileşme meydana gelmemiştir.
DATABOOK : a standardised framework for dynamic documentation of algorithm design during Data Science projects
Authors: Nesvijevskaia Anna
Published: September 2021

This paper proposes a standard documentation framework for Data Science projects, called Databook. It is a result of five years of action-research on multiple projects in several sectors of activity in France, and of a confrontation of standard theoretical Data Science processes, such as CRISP_DM, with the reality of the field. As a vector for knowledge sharing and capitalisation, the Databook has been identified as one of the main facilitators of Human Data Mediation. Transformed into an operational prototype of simple and minimalist documentation, it has since been tested then on about a hundred Data Science projects, has proven its benefits for the internal and external efficiency of Data Science projects, and can be turned into a more ambitious standard framework for data patrimony valorisation and data quality governance.
Analisis Layanan Callnak Centre Dalam Pengembangan Usaha Ternak Sapi Potong di Kota Parepare
Authors: Usman Usman , Nuddin Andi , Toaha Sahabuddin
Published: September 2021

Beef Cattle is one of the meat-producing resources that have great benefits for the fulfilment and improvement of community nutrition. The low population of Beef Cows is because most of the livestock are kept on a small scale with limited land and capital. In addition, the weather does not threaten animal health. To carry out preventive activities against outbreaks of disease in livestock, the government program CallNak Center. The research objective was to analyze the effect of animal health services, health status checks, and artificial insemination on the development of Beef Cattle. The research method used quantitative research with a cross-sectional study approach. The research was conducted in Parepare City from August 2020 to April 2021. The sampling technique used non-probability sampling with purposive sampling with a total sample of 73 breeders. The data analysis used in this study is the Chi-Square Test. The results showed that the majority of respondents (76,71%) felt the benefits of animal health services, and health status checks and respondents considered beneficial were 78,08%. Meanwhile, respondents who felt the benefits of Artificial Insemination (IB) services were 50,68% or only a difference of 1,36% were considered less useful. Respondents who stated that they had experienced the development of beef cattle since the CallNak Center was 82,19%, while only 17,81% had ever developed. The results of the analysis show that animal health services and health status checks and those which significantly affect Artificial Insemination do not significantly affect the development of cattle in Parepare City.
Aktivitas dan Biaya Produksi Usahatani Padi pada Program UPSUS Pajale di Kabupaten Demak
Authors: Musilah Rina Nadlrotul , Putri Tursina Andita , Utami Anisa Dwi
Published: September 2021

In the agricultural sector, the cost production structure determines the income level of the farmers as well as the industry competitiveness in the world market. Considering the position of rice as the main food commodity for Indonesian people, the government has set up a program namely UPSUS PAJALE which delivers subsidies for inputs such as seeds, fertilizer, and agricultural tools. This study aims to describe the paddy farming activities in Demak Regency and to analyze the cost structure of paddy production in the UPSUS PAJALE program in Demak Regency. A survey was conducted in five production centre areas involving 100 farmers. The results showed that modern technology is used in rice farming. Land costs and labour costs dominate the cost structure of rice production. Meanwhile, the total production cost has reached 22.518.314,86 IDR per hectare with the cash cost percentage is 72,17 % and the non-cash cost percentage is 27,83 %.
RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DE UMA LIGA DE TRAUMATOLOGIA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Cambi Helena , Pires Alice Alves , Peripato Filho Antonio Francisco
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A Liga de Traumatologia e Emergência (LTE) da Fundação Hermínio Ometto (FHO) é um projeto de extensão universitária que atua em simulações com atendimentos em Urgência e Emergência, evento
A Teologia da Libertação ruiu com o Muro de Berlim?
Authors: Betto Frei
Published: September 2021

Para os críticos da teologia da libertação a queda do Muro de Berlim teria significado também uma pá de cal sobre essa vertente teológica surgida na América Latina há cerca de 25 anos. Entendem eles que, ao levar em conta a teoria marxiana em sua mediação sócio-analítica e, em consequência, situar o socialismo no horizonte utópico da causa da libertação, aquela teologia teria de tal modo se ideologizado, que o fracasso do socialismo no Leste europeu a teria deslegitimado como signo de esperança dos pobres e, portanto, como reflexão autorizada do mistério divino dentro dos marcos da doutrina católica...
The Effect Of Gumboro Disease On The Incidance Of Airsacculitis Caused By Esherichia Coli
Authors: Shalash Ali A.H. , AL-Saeg M. H.
Published: September 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Gumboro disease virus (IBDV) on the incidance of airsacculitis induced by E. coli after infection with (IBDV). The study included 240-day-old broiler chicks, which were divided equally into four groups and treated as follow: Group1 (G1): given 0.1ml of (IBDV) that contain 105.1 EID50 / ml in the crop at day 21 of age. Group2 (G2): treated as G1 than given 0.1 ml of E. coli sero type (0.88:H-) that contain 12x108 CFU/ml in the treachea at day 28 of age. Group3 (G3): given E. coli only on day 28 and in the same method as G2. Group4 (G4): given 0.1ml saline in the trachea at day 28 of age (untreated control). The rate of mortality after infection with (IBDV) in the both G1 and G2 was (11.6%). After infection with E. coli the mortality rate in G2 was (27.7%) while G3 showed mortality rate (13.3%). 

There was a significant difference (P<0.05) between G2 and G3 in mortality rate concluded that experimental infection of broilers at day 21 off age with (IBDV) increased the susceptibility of the chickens to incidance of airsacculitis induced by E. coli.
Effect of Enrofloxacin Drug on Duodenum Smooth Muscle Movement in Broiler
Authors: Al – Saygh Majed H.
Published: September 2021

Twenty chicks at (45) days old were used and divided into two equal groups , one act as treatment (Baytril) dosed orally (10 mg/kg ) for 5 days, while the control group dosed with distilled water. 

Duodenum was isolated in vi tro examined with autonomic agents. 

The result showed significant decrease in intestinal motility between treatment and control group after addition of atropine, acetycholine, atropine flowed acetycholine and after addition propranolol and propranolol flowed adrenaline. 

Concluded from this study that using of Enrofloxacin case a negative alteration tonic and rhythmic contraction of intestinal (smooth muscles).
Epidemiological study of Cryptosporidiosis in Calves and Man in Baghdad
Authors: Yaqoob Alea Y. , Shubber Ismail K. , Kawan May H.
Published: September 2021

A total of 622 fecal samples were collected from 3-30 days old calves, of both sexes. All samples were obtained from 3 groups according to stat of feces: Watrey diarrhea, pasty and normal, from May to December, 2000 in AL-Ishaki farms. Also, 400 stool samples from children at the age of 1-10 years suffered from watery diarrhea and 100 samples from workers in farms more than 20 years old, of both sexes, from December 2000 to May 2001. Two laboratory methods were used to identify Cryptosporidium oocysts: Modified Cold Ziehl Neelsen stain and flotation with sheather's solution. This study recorded a total rate of infection in neonatal calves 35.04%, with highest rate 53.80% in diarrheic calves and 27.62% in calves with pasty feces and lowest rate 16.45% in normal. Also recorded a highest rate of infection 45.56% in calves 3-7 days old and lowest 10% in calves 22-30 days old. In regarded to seasonal variation, the highest rate of infection recorded 54.94% in August and lowest 17.47% in July. This study showed that the sensitivity of Modified Cold Ziehl Neelsen diagnostic stain was very high 100% in comparison with flotation diagnostic method were the percentage of positive cases: 50.44%, 17.39% and 15.38% in the three groups of calves according to state of feces. 

A total rate of infection in human (children and workers) was 12.4%, and according to ages, this study recorded highest rate of infection 17% in 1-<3 years, and lowest 6% in workers > 20 years old. According to seasonal variation 36.58% was the highest rate of infection in January. No significant difference recorded between both sexes, the rates of infection were 10.75% and 14.05% in female and male respectively.
Effect of Formalin Vapour on The Kidney of Rabbits
Authors: Al-Hussany Bahaa F.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of formaldehyde on the kidney of rabbits. 

Treated animals were housed in closed room and exposed to formaldehyde fume using 10% formalin solution for a period of six months. Exposure was twenty-three hours for the whole period of the experiment, though one hour a day was left for ventilation. Control group was exposed to distilled water humidity. 

Histopathologically, there were glomerulonephritis, congestion, cellular infiltration in addition to other changes.
A Comparison Between The Pharmacokinetics Of Gentamicin And Its Mixture With Calcium In Rabbits
Authors: Al-Ubaydi Murouj Abdul-Sattar , Abbass Duraid Abdulhadi
Published: September 2021

Pharamcokinetic studies were performed for gentamicin sulphate at single dose of 5 mg/kg compared with formullae of same dose of gentamicin with calcium gluconate at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg injected i.v. and i.m. to four groups of 5 rabbits. The results of i.v. injection showed elimination of first order two compartment model with lower plasma gentamicin concentration, lower inhibition bacterial period and increase of gentamicin clearance in mixture group may be due to its competition with calcium for albumin which increase the free drug available for excretion and distribution while after i.m. injection absorption of gentamicin from formullae was lower but its plasma elimination (B) was slower with nearly same inhibition bacterial period as in gentamicin dosed group. These results explain kinetically why calcium lower gentamicin toxic side effect after i.m. and i.v. injection.
Effect of Pomegranate barks solution (Punica granatum L) On some Pathogenic bacteria in vitro
Authors: Hassan W. A.
Published: September 2021

Powder of pomegranate barks (Punica granatum L) was prepared. Different concentration of watery pomegranate solution contain, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg / ml were prepared Six types of pathogenic bacteria were used. Suspension was made from those bacteria and each type of bacteria contain (10x1 - 10x2) / ml. Those bacteria include Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Klebsiella and Corynebacterium The affect of the plant solution of pomegranate was tested on petri - dishes containing Trypticase Soya agar by diffuse agar method. Equal amount of each type of the tested bacteria was mixed with the varying concentration of plant of pomegranate barks solution. All petri – dishes of the tested bacteria with the pomegranate barks powder were incubated at 37 c for 1-2 days. The result showed that the pomegranate barks solution of 40 mg / ml had the strongest inhibiting zone on all tested types of bacteria, while solution of 20 mg/ml. showed weak inhibiting zone. But the lower concentration showed no inhibiting zone for any of the tested bacteria.
Experimental Pathological Study of Nitrate Toxicity in Broilers
Authors: Al-saadi Raghad N. , Al-Sultan Imad I.
Published: September 2021

This study was aimed to understand the chronic pathological change which is produced after potassium nitrate intake via water and food to broiler chicks for six weeks and in different concentrations also after 

stoppage for four weeks of nitrate intake. 135 chicks one day old fabrow breed were used, after two weeks aclimazation, chicks separated in to seven groups, one was control and 

the other six were given potassium nitrate in drinking water or in food in concentration 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 gm/kg of the body weight to each 

group. Gross and histopathological changes were studied, the pathological alteration characterized by gastritis of true stomach with metaplasia of gastric mucosa and chronic enteritis. Hepatic cell degeneration and necrosis .kidney showed congestion, haemorrhage and nephrosis. The thyroid gland was atrophied and the spleen was active due to hyperplasia of lymphoid cells and germinal centers. There was increase in the size of the lung which showed microscopically interstitial pneumonia, the brain was grossly soft and congested and microscopically there was degeneration of purkinge cell and increase 

neuromicroglial cells infiltration.
A Review of Research on Ecological Economics Based on Bibliometrics
Authors: Huang Yin , Li Na , Huang Guoqin , Xu Huifang
Published: September 2021

The development of ecological economics is a major strategy for development in the 21st century. Although scholars have been rising more and more interesting for ecological economic over the past 10 years, it is still unclear what is the change will be facing in the future. In order to provide a theoretical basis for the future development of ecological economy, our article analyzes the current research progress of ecological economy on the basis of a bibliometric analysis. The results show that (1) sustainable development of an ecological economy is a hot research topic; (2) there is little cooperation and exchange between institutions and among scholars regarding ecological economics; (3) the number of publications on ecological economics is increasing, with a relatively large number being published in China. Therefore, we must strengthen the cooperation between institutions and among scholars and improve the research content, vision, and methods in this field. This study provides a theoretical basis for the future development of ecological economy.
Efektivitas Permainan Tunjuk Abjad Terhadap Pembelajaran Kosakata Bahasa Mandarin di MA Negeri 1 Cilacap
Authors: Aprilianti Juwita
Published: September 2021

The Point the Alphabet Technique is a vocabulary learning technique by making a word based on the letters it sees in as many numbers as possible. In this research, the Abjad Pointing Technique will be combined with group games. During the game, students will say as many vocabulary as possible according to the alphabet designated by the teacher. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Point Abjad game on learning vocabulary in class X Language MA Negeri 1 Cilacap. This research uses qualitative research. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews, documentation and tests.
Analisis Motivasi Belajar Siswa SD Dalam Pembelajaran Daring di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Melalui Aplikasi Quizizz
Authors: Caesa Paksi Verellya , Nazirah Aliyatun
Published: September 2021

The spread of the Covid-19 virus that has swept across the world has caused changes in various aspects, one of which is a change in the learning process, which was previously face-to-face, now learning during the pandemic is carried out online both in elementary, junior high, high school, and even in universities. In online learning, of course, there are many problems faced by students, teachers, and parents. One of the problems that arise is that educators are less able to innovate in making online learning media so that it causes students to experience a decrease in motivation and activity in learning, therefore there is a need for solutions to increase learning motivation, especially for elementary students. One of the media platforms used to increase children's motivation in online learning is by using the Quizziz application. The Quizizz application is one of the fun online learning application media that can be accessed by students and teachers easily and the use of the Quizziz application in giving quizzes to students is one of the targets of students to be even more active in learning and to provide additional learning motivation when learning online today.
Pengelolaan Tanah dan Air Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Untuk Mencegah Bencana Alam Longsor
Authors: Putri Andani , Putri Febriyana , Suprihani Erni
Published: September 2021

Village governments are required to be able to respond to public needs, one of which is disaster. It needs a quick response attitude from stakeholders as an effort of mutual obligation, one of which is the important role of the village government. Local wisdom is formed as a cultural superiority of the local community and a characteristic of  cultural values in local communities that is passed down from generation to generation. This study aims to determine the role of the village government and local wisdom of the community in mitigating landslides in Gununglurah Village, Cilongok District, Banyumas Regency. The method used in this research is survey. Types of data include primary data and secondary data. Data collection through in-depth interviews. Data analysis using descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that the community had to carry out good land and water management based on local wisdom, including mountain hives, agro-ecosystem approaches, forbidden forest preservation, application of intercropping agricultural patterns, and the presence of the Watu Langgar Kali Mengaji site. The community must maintain the values of local wisdom in mitigating landslide disasters, such as the knowledge that comes from “ilmu niteni”.
Antioxidant potential of Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf and its secondary metabolites on hepatocellular carcinoma cells: regulation of antioxidant enzymes
Authors: ŞAHİN Nuray , EMSEN Buğrahan , ASLAN Ali , SADİ Gökhan
Published: September 2021

The use of medicinal plants and secondary metabolites increases in treating numerous diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Oxidative stress contributes to the development of liver cancer, and promoting antioxidant systems might provide better insights for the treatment. In the present study, the antioxidant potential of Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf lichen species were investigated. Besides, effects of major secondary metabolites, olivetoric acid (OA) and physodic acid (PA), which were isolated from P. furfuracea, on hepatic gene expressions of antioxidant enzymes, were evaluated in both cancerous (HepG2) and healthy (THLE2) human liver cells. According to the results, the total phenolic content of P. furfuracea was 71.52 µg/mg and 8.16 µg/mg gallic acid equivalent for ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively. Likewise, β-carotene and lycopene contents were also higher in ethanolic extracts. In line with these antioxidant ingredients, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of ethanol extract (IC50: 158.79 mg/L) was remarkably high as compared with its aqueous extracts (IC50: 630.33 mg/L). OA and PA strongly augment all antioxidant enzymes’ gene expressions in HepG2 cells, while only gpx expression was upregulated in healthy THLE2 cells. Conversely, these two metabolites suppress cat, sod1, and sod2 expressions in THLE2 cells. These results together suggest that P. furfuracea not only has high antioxidant potential, but its secondary metabolites might also reduce oxidative stress in cancer cells by upregulating antioxidant enzymes, which would prevent oncogenesis and tumor progression in liver cancer.
Immediate and Long-Term Results of Treatment of Aneurysms of Ascending Aorta and Aortic Arch and Substantiation of Tactical Approaches to the Treatment Based on the Obtained Results
Authors: Kravchenko Vitalii І.
Published: September 2021

Acute aortic dissection is a formidable disease. Its prevalence increases due to the population aging, as well as wider awareness of physicians about this pathology.

The aim. To analyze immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of aneurysms of ascending aorta and aortic arch and to determine optimal methods of correction of these lesions in order to improve the results of surgical treatment.

Materials and methods. This was a comparative analysis of immediate and long-term treatment outcomes in 419 patients with aneurysms of ascending aorta and aortic arch. A comparative analysis of the results of treatment of two groups of patients was performed: the comparison group of 157 people operated before 2013, and the main group of 262 patients operated since 2013 using modified methods of aortic surgery.

Results. The study showed significant reduction in the left ventricular dilatation according to echocardiography and satisfactory postoperative course in patients of both groups. Patients with valve-sparing aortic prosthetics had better results than those who underwent valve replacement surgery. Hospital mortality decreased from 17.2% to 5.3%.

Analysis of long-term results showed that supracoronary aortic prosthetics with aortic valve plasty and elimination of the intimal tear zone make it possible to carry out effective aortic reconstruction. Due to events in the long run, regular lifelong monitoring is required.

The analysis also showed that individualized approach to the choice of surgical tactics for the correction of aortic insufficiency in patients with aortic root and ascending aortic pathology allows to achieve comparable results in the immediate and long-term follow-up. Despite the complexity of the applied correction methods, the developed methods of surgical treatment of ascending aortic aneurysm (AAA) and aortic arch aneurysm and methods of protection of brain and visceral organs allowed to keep hospital mortality and the number of complications at the same level corresponding to one of the best world results. This gives hope for a good result in the long-term follow-up.

Conclusions. Aneurysm of ascending aorta and aortic arch is a formidable life-threatening disease, and its only non-alternative treatment option is surgery. The optimized approach to the treatment of patients in the main group allowed to obtain better immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment and reduce postoperative complications from 34.4% to 8.4% and hospital mortality from 17.2% to 5.3%. Comparative analysis of long-term results in the studied groups showed more encouraging indicators of quality of life and life expectancy in patients when using modified surgical techniques, protection of the brain and visceral organs. We hope to get a final assessment of these data in the further study of the condition of these patients in the long-term follow-up.
Development of Paraquat Pesticide Determination Methodology in Urine Samples by UHPLC-MS/MS
Authors: de Melo Karolyne , Silva Gabriela , Santos André , Dolores Raul , Oliveira Francisca , Trape Ângelo , Rosa Paulo César
Published: September 2021

In technical-scientific development, mankind has developed different ways of managing pests, diseases and weeds, increasing agricultural production impacting social, economic and environmental aspects. As major grains producer (such as corn, soybeans and beans), the Brazilian State, through the Brazilian agencies as Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) authorize and regulate the use of different pesticides, including Paraquat, to improve and guarantee the production. However, the direct contact and long-term exposure to these substances offer environmental and occupational risks, impacting negatively on the workers, population of neighbor cultures, and environmental health. Considering the potential damages, it is of utmost importance to develop effective analytical methodologies for the biomonitoring and assessment of the level of exposure of farmers and ranchers in direct contact with pesticides. Thus, this work proposed to develop a sensitive and selective analytical method, using the ultra-high efficiency liquid chromatography technique, coupled to mass spectrometry seeking a fast and simple sample preparation for the Paraquat quantification in urine samples. To achieve this, two sample preparations were compared in terms of speed and practicality. The first method (A) used C18 silica as adsorbent to remove the non-polar interferences. The second preparation (B) consisted in direct sample dilution in acetonitrile. Both methodologies used centrifugation under refrigeration to precipitate suspended artifacts. The linearity of the Paraquat detection by the analytical methodology, developed in a HILIC column, was evaluated between 10 to 70 µg L-¹ (r²=0.9911; y=19427x+479868), enabling the matrix evaluation after applying the best sample preparation. The method developed was simple, fast, which makes it useful and efficient for toxicology laboratories routine to monitor the exposure levels of farmers dealing with Paraquat daily.