bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma década da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos?
Authors: Figueiredo Fábio Fonseca , Pereira Bastos Valeria , Ribeiro Meneses Carla Gracy
Published: December 2020

Apresentamos reflexões e análises referentes à implementação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos no Brasil, passados dez anos de sua publicação. Elencamos preceitos fundantes da política, evidenciando o quanto tem sido incorporado pelos 5.570 municípios brasileiros, em seus processos de gestão e princípios e boas práticas socioambientais na perspectiva da destinação adequada dos resíduos, extinção dos lixões, implantação de aterros sanitários, sobretudo a redução, reutilização e reciclagem e a implementação da logística reversa. Outro aspecto é a inclusão sócio-produtiva dos catadores, conforme os artigos 7º e 8º da lei determinam a organização em associações e cooperativas de reciclagem para integrá-los na gestão dos resíduos. Mostramos elementos que contribuirão para pesquisadores e estudiosos subsidiarem suas investigações, em relação aos avanços e retrocessos, quanto aos preceitos da lei, no sentido de apontar o que vem sendo efetivado pelos setores e sujeitos envolvidos no processo de gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos no país.
Stress im Kleinkindalter durch Fremdbetreuung
Authors: Maurer Martin H.
Published: December 2020

Bei Kindern verändert sich durch eine frühe Ganztagesbetreuung in der Kinderkrippe das Cortisol-Tagesprofil. Das Nebennierenrindenhormon Cortisol dient hierbei als Surrogat-Parameter für Stressreaktionen, die sich auch auf der Verhaltensebene zeigen, vor allem im Bereich Sozialverhalten und Emotionalität. Die Betreuung in der Kinderkrippe kann jedoch nicht als generelles Risiko betrachtet werden, vielmehr ist eine differenzierte Betrachtung notwendig, da eine Subgruppe von Kindern von der Krippenbetreuung profitiert und Rahmen und Setting der Betreuung entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Cortisol-Physiologie haben.
Kinderkrippen in der DDR
Authors: Beronneau Antje
Published: December 2020

Nach einer Darstellung der Lebensbedingungen vor allem der berufstätigen Mütter in der DDR setzt sich die Autorin mit dem Erleben eines Kindes auseinander, dessen »Mutti früh zur Arbeit geht«. Der massive Krippenausbau in der DDR wurde von einer ideologischen Beeinflussung begleitet. Die Geschichte des Krippenausbaus, Erziehungsinhalte und der Alltag in Krippen und Heimen werden detailliert geschildert, ebenso Untersuchungsergebnisse über die körperliche und seelische Entwicklung der betreuten Kinder. Als Folge der zu frühen und oft zu langen Fremdbetreuung in den Krippen der DDR werden von der Autorin Störungen in der Entwicklung des psychischen Selbst angenommen. Diese führen dann bei den Betroffenen zu ganz anderen psychischen Konfigurationen, als bei Kindern die kontinuierlich und mit guten emotionalen Erfahrungen, die verdaut und contained werden können, aufwachsen. Dies muss in der therapeutischen Arbeit beachtet werden und sollte Gegenstand analytischer Forschung werden, um wesentliche Rückschlüsse über Langzeiteffekte einer zu frühen und zu langen Fremdbetreuung ziehen zu können und um die transgenerationale Weitergabe von traumatischen Früherfahrungen der ehemaligen DDR Krippenkinder zu mildern.
The Final Bronze Age Settlement of Casalmoro (Mantua, Italy)
Authors: Pau Laura
Published: December 2020

This book focuses on the Final Bronze Age settlement of Casalmoro, in the Po Plain (Italy). This is the biggest settlement known in Final Bronze Age Italy, appearing just after the collapse of the Terramare system around 1200 BC. The work concerns the material culture and chronology of the settlement area, and a framing of Casalmoro and the eastern Lombardy area at the beginning of the Italian Final Bronze Age.
La navegación prehispánica en Mesoamérica
Authors: Favila-Vázquez Mariana
Published: December 2020

Este libro es un estudio sobre la navegación prehispánica en Mesoamérica desde el enfoque teórico-metodológico del paisaje cultural marítimo. A través de un enfoque interdisciplinario ofrece evidencias para argumentar la importancia de estudiar la conectividad acuática antes y después de la llegada de los españoles al Nuevo Mundo.
Al-Ándalus desde el mar
Authors: Del Mastro Ochoa Marta
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo aboga por el estudio de la cultura marítima de la Almería andalusí desde una perspectiva innovadora, a saber, la aplicación del concepto 'paisaje cultural marítimo'. Se reinterpretan las fuentes desde una perspectiva náutica, para comprender cómo se articula el sistema portuario de la Almería andalusí
The Modernity of Interwar Turkey through the Eyes of Yugoslav Travelers (1923–1939)
Authors: Vlašić Anđelko
Published: December 2020

The modernization efforts of the early Republic of Turkey were a recurrent theme of books and newspaper articles written by interwar Yugoslav travelers in Turkey. Their views on Turkish modernity were based on a dichotomy between the “old,” “traditional,” and “backward” Ottoman Empire and the “new,” “modern,” and “revolutionary” Turkish Republic. Their comments reveal the Yugoslav public’s self-perception: in their eyes, through its reforms, Turkey was becoming similar to Western European countries, and had reached or even surpassed the civilizational level of Yugoslavia. Thus, the Yugoslav perception of Turks as Europe’s “Other” had changed for the better.
KhQ2207: An Overlooked Stone Inscription from Khirbet Qumran
Authors: Feldman Ariel , Feldman Faina
Published: December 2020

A limestone plaque KhQ2207 from Khirbet Qumran contains an inscription which has not been fully deciphered. The revised transcription of the stone proposed in this study indicates that it contains a first-person address, perhaps by the deity, referring to a future judgment. As a literary text inscribed by a trained scribe, KhQ2207 stands in sharp contrast to other scribal exercises found at and near Qumran, suggesting that its initial classification as an exercise should be reconsidered.
L'ensenyament del català com a llengua addicional basat en conceptes
Authors: Martín Peris Ernesto
Published: December 2020

La teoria sociocultural de l'aprenentatge ha estat aplicada a l'ensenyament de llengües addicionals des de fa unes dècades. Inspirada en la psicologia de Vigotski, potencia la dimensió social del desenvolupament de les capacitats i les activitats mentals de la persona, que es realitzen sempre en dues fases: una primera en la qual l'aprenent és capaç de dur-les a terme només en interacció amb una altra, i una segona en la qual pot actuar de forma aut.noma. Proposa un model didàctic en el qual la interacció entre alumnes no es limita a la resoluci´ó pràctica de tasques comunicatives, sinó que té una autèntica funció de mediació de l'aprenentatge i de foment de processos cognitius. En el cas de l'ensenyament de continguts gramaticals, proposa que la unitat d'aprenentatge sigui un concepte i no una forma lingüística. L'acció del docent, també, es veu reforçada per un conjunt d'artefactes, el treball dels alumnes amb els quals, a partir de la seva percepció sensible, suposa una guia per l'aprenentatge. L'article explora l'aplicació d'un d'aquests artefactes a l'ensenyament dels pronoms febles en català.
La traducció automàtica en l'ensenyament de la traducció del català vers l'alemany: anàlisi dels resultats de les eines Google Translate i Bing Microsoft Translator
Authors: Paasch-Kaiser Christine , Hoberg Felix
Published: December 2020

El desenvolupament continu dels sistemes per a la traducció automàtica i la creixent acceptabilitat dels textos produïts mitjançant aquests sistemes fan qüestionar contundentment el paper del traductor humà. A més a més, l'ús de la traducció automàtica en la pràctica professional augmenta a causa de la demanda creixent de la clientela, per la qual cosa l'ensenyament també s'ha d'adaptar a les noves necessitats. No obstant això, encara hi ha deficiències serioses respecte als resultats d'aquestes traduccions automàtiques directes de la llengua catalana a l'alemanya. En l'article s'abordaran diferents aspectes problemàtics de les eines per a la traducció automàtica directa de la llengua catalana a l'alemanya actualment disponibles gratuïtament a Internet: Google Translate i Bing Microsoft Translator. Després de la descripció dels resultats obtinguts d'aquest estudi empíric basat en l'anàlisi profunda de diferents tipus de text, les troballes es comparen amb els resultats d'altres estudis sobre traducció automàtica en general i sobre la llengua alemanya en particular, a fi de millorar la integració d'eines de traducció automàtica a l'ensenyament de traducció del català a l'alemany.
Lacueva Lorenz, Maria (ed.) (2017). Didàctica Universitària dels estudis culturals Pràctiques i tendències en la Catalanística i la Hispanística/ Kulturwissenschatfliche Hochschuldidaktik Praxis und Tendenzen aus Katalanistik und Hispanistik. Universitäts
Authors: Gomis Pastor José Manuel
Published: December 2020

Lacueva Lorenz, Maria (ed.) (2017). Didàctica Universitària dels estudis culturals Pràctiques i tendències en la Catalanística i la Hispanística/ Kulturwissenschatfliche Hochschuldidaktik Praxis und Tendenzen aus Katalanistik und Hispanistik. Universitätsverlag Universaar
Palou Sangrà, Juli; Fons Esteve, Montserrat (coord.) (2019). La competència plurilingüe a l’escola: Experiències i reflexions. Octaedro
Authors: Noguera Navarro Virgínia
Published: December 2020

Palou Sangrà, Juli; Fons Esteve, Montserrat (coord.) (2019). La competència plurilingüe a l’escola: Experiències i reflexions. Octaedro.
Técnicas de percepción remota para identificar y caracterizar comunidades forrajeras en un sistema ganadero del desierto híperárido de San Juan (Argentina)
Authors: Tapia Raúl E. , Carmona Crocco Julieta , Martinelli Mariana
Published: December 2020

Introducción y Objetivos: Los pastizales naturales de zonas áridas cubren el 40% de la superficie terrestre y son una valiosa fuente de forraje para el ganado. El manejo inapropiado y las altas cargas ganaderas figuran entre factores responsables de su degradación.  En ese sentido una rápida evaluación es fundamental para corregir su uso y promover la conservación. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar y caracterizar, mediante el procesamiento de imágenes satelitales y trabajo de campo, comunidades forrajeras en un sistema ganadero del secano de San Juan.
M&M: A partir de una imagen Landsat 8 OLI se generaron variables indicadoras de suelo y vegetación. Posteriormente se realizó la clasificación no supervisada kmeans. En campo se registró, a partir de transectas lineales, cobertura vegetal, de mantillo y porcentaje de suelo desnudo. Finalmente se estimó la receptividad ganadera de las comunidades forrajeras.
Resultados: Se identificaron 3 clases de coberturas: cobertura superior al 50%; superior al 20 % e inferior al 50 % e inferior al 20 % y dos comunidades forrajeras, Lamaral y Zampal. En Lamaral, Prosopis alpataco var. lamaro obtuvo un 35% cobertura y una receptividad de 2.21 hectárea/Equivalente cabra. En Zampal, se registró un 42 % de cobertura de Atriplex undulata y la receptividad fue de1.80 hectárea/Equivalente cabra.
Conclusiones: El procesamiento digital realizado fue adecuado para el objetivo del estudio y permitió reconocer, caracterizar y mapear dos comunidades forrajeras. La riqueza de especies fue baja existiendo un predominio de plantas arbustivas y leñosas, esto limita la ganadería de la zona.
Features of the formation of professional allergodermatoses at the present stage
Authors: Avagyan Simona A. , Derevnina Anastasiya V.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. All over the world, the great socio-economic importance of occupational skin diseases is recognized, among which occupational allergic dermatoses account for a significant share. An important factor affecting the effectiveness of preventive measures is the identification of groups and risk factors for the development of the disease. In this regard, the importance of measures aimed at reducing the incidence of pro-allergic dermatoses is obvious. The aim of study is to characterize the severity of the clinical course in patients with occupational eczema, depending on the influence of concomitant pathologies (atopy, mycoses). Materials and methods. The data of the results of examinations of 70 patients who were hospitalized in the clinic department of dermatology of Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health for the last 3 years are provided. Results. In patients with a history of atopy and concomitant mycotic infection, the clinical picture is widespread with pronounced inflammatory manifestations, there is a more frequent exacerbation and torpidity to the therapy. The time of manifestation from the beginning of work with industrial allergens is reduced. Conclusions. Identification of patients with atopy (pollinosis, bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis), patients with mycotic infections as risk groups for the development of occupational allergodermatoses and their inclusion in preventive programs can improve the effectiveness of medical examinations and prevent them from developing severe forms of occupational skin pathology, reduce the disability of patients.
Content of radionuclides and public health of environmentally disadvantaged region
Authors: Aleshina Natalya Yu.
Published: December 2020

Relevance. The main source of radionuclide contamination in Kazakhstan is the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site (SNTS), where more than 460 nuclear explosions were made. There are still people living in some areas of the SNTS. The source of radionuclides entering the human body is animal food. The aim of the study was to study the content of 137Cs and 90Sr radionuclides in cattle meat and their impact on public health in areas close to the SNTS. Materials and methods. The data on the content of radionuclides were obtained at the Semipalatinsk Regional Veterinary Laboratory of the East Kazakhstan Region. The object of the study was meat of cattle (cattle) (67 samples) obtained in Abai, Borodulikhinsky, Zharminsky, Beskaragaysky districts and the city of Semipalatinsk, East Kazakhstan region, adjacent to the SNTS. The retrospective of the analyzed indicators was 10 years (1991-2000). The sources of information on the incidence of the entire population in the regions of East Kazakhstan region were data obtained from the Republican Center for Electronic Health for the period 2000-2015. Mathematical and statistical processing of the results was carried out using the applied statistical program Statistica-10. Results. The average content of 137Cs in cattle meat was 0.15 Bq/kg, and 90Sr - 0.11 Bq/kg. The dynamics revealed a 1.9-fold decrease in the level of 137Cs and a 2-fold decrease in the level of 90Sr. The consumption of cattle meat by residents was 14.7%. The average morbidity level of diseases of the musculoskeletal system was 3305 ppm. The morbidity of endocrine system diseases increased 1.4 times in dynamics. The morbidity level of diseases of the digestive system was 3358.9 ppm and decreased by 24.6% in dynamics. A correlation was found between the consumption of cattle meat and the morbidity level of diseases of the musculoskeletal system r=0.78. Conclusions. The study showed a positive trend of reducing the level of radionuclides in cattle meat among the studied regions. There was an increase in the average morbidity level of diseases of the musculoskeletal system by 1.2 times, and the endocrine system by 1.4 times. There is a trend to reduce the morbidity of diseases of the digestive system in the population of the studied regions. The revealed relationship between the consumption of cattle meat and the incidence of the musculoskeletal system diseases requires further study and monitoring.
Assessment of long-term effects of smoke from wildfires on white rats
Authors: Andreeva Elizaveta S.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The study of the effects of wildfire smoke on the reproductive function is the most important scientific problem at the present stage. The aim of study is to study the behavior and cognitive abilities of sexually mature offspring obtained from white male rats exposed to the smoke of wildfires. Materials and methods. Experiments were carried out on 30 white male rats and 60 adult male of their offspring. The duration of exposure was 4 weeks, 4 hours/day. To obtain progeny exposed males were mated with intact females immediately after the exposure and in long-term period after exposure. Examination of adult progeny was performed using the "open field", Morris water maze, and histological examination of brain tissue. Results. Behavioral and cognitive alterations in offspring of male rats exposed to wildfire smoke were obtained: significant decrease in motor activity and research on higher level of negative emotional state, impaired spatial memory performance. Individuals from offspring obtained in a long-term period after exposure to smoke showed a normalization of the studied parameters to background values. Conclusions. The long-term consequences of exposure to the smoke of wildfires were revealed, manifested in the offspring of the first generation in the form of impaired behavior and cognitive abilities. The recovery period after prolonged smoke intoxication, which is 60 days and is comparable in duration with the duration of spermatogenesis in rats, is important for reducing the risk of developing CNS disorders in offspring.
Cellular markers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from exposure to nanoparticlecontaining aerosols
Authors: Anikina Ekaterina V. , Tsygankova Alphiya R.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The role of industrial aerosol nanoparticles in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is still poorly understood. The aim of study is to determine the distribution of monocyte subpopulations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease under the influence of industrial aerosols containing nanoparticles. Materials and methods. A single-center cohort observational study included patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (GOLD 2011 criteria) who were exposed to industrial aerosols (n=32), COPD patients, tobacco smokers (n=35), and conditionally healthy individuals without occupational hazards (n=29). Nanoparticles in the air of the working area were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. Metal-containing nanoparticles (Pb, Fe, Cr) predominated in the casters' workplaces, while the grinders were mainly exposed to silicon dioxide nanoparticles. The groups were comparable by gender, age, and duration of COPD. Monocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytofluorometry. Results. In COPD patients who worked in contact with an industrial aerosol containing metal nanoparticles, the proportion of "classical" CD14+CD16- monocytes was increased, and the proportion of "intermediate" CD14+CD16+ and "non-classical" CD14dimCD16+ was reduced. The percentage of "non-classical" monocytes exposed to silicon dioxide nanoparticles was increased, and the percentage of "intermediate" monocytes was reduced. At the same time, the proportion of classical monocytes was highest in patients with COPD who worked under the influence of metal nanoparticles (84.3%±6.3%), intermediate monocytes - in patients with COPD due to tobacco smoking (6.1%±1.5%), non-classical monocytes - in the group of COPD and contact with silicon dioxide nanoparticles (20.45%±0.25%). Conclusions. COPD under the influence of industrial aerosol containing metal nanoparticles is characterized by an increase in the proportion of "classical' monocytes, and silicon dioxide nanoparticles - "non-classical”. The level of subpopulations of blood monocytes is a promising marker of professionally caused COPD.
Assessment of motor activity of knowledge workers (on the example of employees of social service centers)
Authors: Belyakova Nadezhda S. , Sergeev Artyom K.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The work of many employees in the service sector is associated with a constant stay in a forced working position sitting at the computer for up to 60-80% of the time of the entire work shift, which leads to fatigue. The rate of fatigue depends on the specifics of work: it is much more likely to occur when working with monotony, muscle tension. An important role in the appearance of fatigue is also played by the attitude of a person to the work performed. The aim of study is to study the motor activity of knowledge workers in social service centers for the development of preventive measures aimed at reducing hypokinesia and hypodynamia during the work shift. Materials and methods. The following methods were used in the study: questionnaire and working day timing, calculation methods to determine whether the actual body weight corresponds to the ideal one using the Broka’s index and the Ketle’s index. The study involved employees of the integrated social service center "Raduga" in Bugulma. Results. An assessment of the motor activity of employees of the social service center of the population was made, and it was concluded that the problem of hypokinesia and hypodynamia is relevant and significant for employees of social service centers of the population both in their daily activities and during the work shift. Most of the employees showed an increase in actual body weight compared to the ideal one, which is to some extent due to hypokinesia and hypodynamia both during the working day and at home. Conclusions. Preventive measures aimed at compliance with the principles of rational nutrition and a healthy lifestyle, work and rest regimes, high-quality preliminary and periodic medical examinations are proposed.
The role of production and non-production factors in the formation of male mortality (on the example of two Arctic single-industry towns)
Authors: Bryleva Maria S.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. One of the priority socio-economic and medical-demographic problems in Russia is the high mortality. The study aim is to identify the most significant factors that determine the mortality on the example of two single-industry towns. Materials and methods. Mortality in two single-industry towns specializing in copper-nickel production, differenced in climate, environmental, and socio-economic indicators, was studied using age-standardized indicators averaged over 8 years (2010-2017). Results. In Monchegorsk, compared to Russia, with similar non-production characteristics, working-age mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) was higher by 49.0%, from malignant neoplasms (MN) by 34.7%, from diseases of the digestive system by 35.5%, which confirms the negative impact of occupational factors on the mortality of the population of a single-industry city. In Norilsk city, with the worst characteristics of the environment and climate, compared to Monchegorsk, mortality from CVD was lower in working age by 40.6%, in post-working age by 41.4%; from MN - in working age lower by 37.2% that shows the compensating influence of socio-economic factors on mortality. Conclusion. Risk factors for increased mortality rates in single-industry towns with copper-nickel enterprises are the influence of harmful occupational factors, as well as environmental pollution. Along with primary prevention, an effective mechanism for reducing mortality is to improve socio-economic well-being, and the quality of medical care.
Assessment of male reproductive function and prevention of androgen deficiency
Authors: Vuytsik P. A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Reproductive problems in marriage are an important component of demographic processes; therefore, attempts to resolve them have not only medical but also social significance. The state of male reproductive health plays an important role in demographic indicators, in particular, in population reproduction. This dictates the need to increase the volume of preventive measures, which requires early detection of reproductive disorders due to the impact of environmental factors, including occupational ones, that have a harmful effect on men. The aim of the study is to develop a prevention program aimed at preserving and improving the reproductive health of employees engaged in harmful working conditions. Materials and methods. To predict the quality of health of a future individual, it is necessary to consider many risk factors that can participate in the development of human pathology. Methods for studying reproductive health disorders in men include both conventional, classical methods of examining men by urologists, andrologists, and expert ones, which allow us to find out the role of harmful factors in the development of reproductive disorders of professional etiology by specialists in occupational medicine. The implementation of a reproductive health program requires monitoring the progress of the actions taken and evaluating their effectiveness. Results. Implementing a reproductive health program requires monitoring the progress of actions and evaluating their effectiveness. Conclusions. The ability to assess the risk of damage to reproductive health and the health of the offspring makes it possible to manage this risk, to prevent and reduce the levels of occupationally determined morbidity and morbidity associated with exposure to harmful factors.
Forecasting aspects of the motherhood image in workers of various professions
Authors: Dmitrieva Ekaterina V. , Zakrevskaya Anna A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The article presents the results of a survey on certain aspects that make up the image of motherhood in women of different professions, including students or working as an assistant to an electric train driver. The aim of study is to identify attitudes to motherhood in women of various professions. Materials and methods. Anonymous online survey. Results. The marital status of the respondents was distributed as follows: married - 31.03%; civil marriage - 20.69%; permanent partner - 13.79%; single, no partner - 34.48%. Of the 29 respondents, 27.6% are planning or have already linked their professional career with the position of an assistant driver. To the question "do you plan to become a mother" among them are all the answers, and with some probability it is possible to trace the dependence on age: the answers "has become" and "will soon" belong to women aged 30 years, whereas "long-term" or "no" at the age of 19-27 years. Conclusions. A woman's choice to work with harmful production factors does not mean that she refuses future motherhood. Most respondents have an ambivalent attitude to motherhood, which includes both positive and negative aspects.
Gender features of adaptation of healthy test volunteers to the conditions of 120-day isolation in a hermetic object
Authors: Zhuravleva Tatyana V. , Chistokhodova Svetlana A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The occurrence of psychological problems in space flight can have a negative impact on the physiological reactions of the cosmonaut's body. The paper presents the gender features of adaptation of 6 international crew members to the conditions of 120-day isolation in a hermetic object in the "SIRIUS 18/19" project. The aim of study is to research the gender features of adaptation of test volunteers to the conditions of 120 - day isolation in a hermetic object in the "SIRIUS 18/19" experiment. Materials and methods. Psychological testing of experimental participants and determination of serum concentrations of cortisol, aldosterone, somatotropic hormone, total testosterone and prolactin were performed. Results. All participants in the "SIRIUS 18/19" experiment showed symptoms of stress. Despite the relatively stable hormonal background in women during isolation, they were more likely to experience psychological discomfort. Their personal adaptive potential decreased significantly more than in men. Conclusions. Due to their psychological and physiological characteristics, it was more difficult for women to adapt to the conditions of 120-day isolation in a hermetic facility.
Physiologically assessing the functional state of the body of doctors in children's medical organizations
Authors: Zayitceva Anna V. , Oniani Khistina T.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Increased nervous and emotional loads in doctors of children's medical organizations are caused by frequent stressful effects, shift work mode. The study of the features of the formation of the functional state of the body of surgeons will make it possible to scientifically justify measures to prevent overstrain to preserve the health of employees. The aim of study is to research the functional state of the body of doctors of children's medical organizations with a shift work schedule to justify and develop measures for physiological and hygienic optimization of work. Materials and methods. Complex physiological and hygienic studies included occupational analysis of labor activity, physiological studies of the state of the Central nervous system (CNS) and the cardiovascular system with the study of the features of response to functional loads (ECG recording on a 12-channel electrocardiograph and continuously using Holter monitoring). Results. The study of the features and degree of adequacy of the cardiovascular system's response to dosed physical activity revealed the tension of the regulatory mechanisms of the circulatory system with a pronounced increase in heart activity in surgeons during night hours. Conclusions. Stable indicators of CNS functions (concentration of attention, etc.) were established during various shifts, due to the requirements of the work itself, adverse changes in the cardiovascular system, more pronounced during the night shift, deterioration of ECG changes to functional load, which indicates a decrease in the functional capabilities of the myocardium.
Relationship of hemostasis indicators with the dynamics of steroid hormones in healthy test volunteers in 120-day isolation in a hermetic facility
Authors: Kuzichkin Dmitry S. , Chistokhodova Svetlana A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Evaluation of the relationship between hemostasis and steroid hormones is an important area of research due to the high risk of hemorrhages and, especially, thromboembolic complications in their abnormal state, but this has not been practically studied in long-term isolation. The aim of study was to study the relationship between hemostasis and steroid hormones of participants in 120 - day isolation in a hermetic object. Materials and methods. Before, 3 times during and on the 7th day after 120-day isolation, venous blood samples were taken from the international crew members (3 men and 3 women) to measure the concentrations of cortisol, aldosterone, total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, determine the free androgen index, and evaluate 9 hemostasis indicators. Results. In conditions of long-term isolation, the relationship of steroid hormones with the activity of the procoagulant hemostasis link and the state of the plasmin and antiplasmin systems was revealed. Conclusions. Anthropometric and hormonal parameters in isolation were significantly correlated with the dynamics of the international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, antithrombin III, plasminogen, α2-antiplasmin and protein C, and the gender of the subjects significantly affected only the activity of α2-antiplasmin, and the age of volunteers and the dynamics of testosterone had the most pronounced effect on hemostasis in isolation.
Ultrasound features of peripheral angiodistonic syndrome of the upper extremities in vibration disease
Authors: Kuprina Nadezhda I. , Ulanovskaya Ekaterina V. , Kochetova Olga A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Vibration disease (VD) is an example of the most common pathology due to the systematic exposure of the worker to intense vibration with sufficient work experience, the main manifestation of which is peripheral angiodystonic syndrome. The aim of study was to learn the features of peripheral blood flow in the arteries of the forearm in vibration disease using the ultrasound method. Materials and methods. The radial and ulnar arteries in patients with vibration disease were examined by ultrasound in B- and PW-mode. These materials present the results of an ultrasound assessment of the speed indicators of the main arteries of the forearm in vibration disease stages 1 and 2. The selection criteria for patients in the study ware the presence of pronounced clinical manifestations of angiodystonic syndrome in vibration disease, confirmed by instrumental research methods and data on the sanitary and hygienic characteristics of working conditions, the absence of cardiovascular chronic diseases (ischemic heart disease, heart defects, rhythm and conduction disturbances), rheumatic, oncological, infectious diseases, osteo-traumatic changes in the upper extremities. Results. The groups of patients with the established diagnosis of vibration disease of 1 and 2 degrees were studied. With vibration disease stage 1 a decrease in the pulse velocity of blood flow was observed in isolation on the ulnar artery and an increase in peripheral resistance (pulsation index and resistance index) in the radial and ulnar arteries symmetrically on both upper extremities. The second stage of vibration disease differed from the first by a more significant decrease in speed indicators both on the ulnar and radial arteries on both sides, symmetrically in combination with a more pronounced increase in peripheral resistance indicators on both main arteries of the forearm (pulsation index and resistance index). The revealed changes were determined with the same frequency in men and women. Conclusions. A significant decrease in speed indicators on the ulnar artery and an increase in peripheral resistance indicators are detected already at the initial stages of vibration disease. Thus, the method of ultrasound examination of the main arteries of the middle caliber of the upper extremities is currently the only available and objective method for examining the vascular system in vibration disease.
New requirements for power frequency electric field and induced current personal protective equipment
Authors: Perov Sergey Yu. , Konshina Tatyana A. , Makarova-Zemlyanskaya Elena N.
Published: December 2020

In conditions of exceeding the maximum permissible levels of power frequency electric field, the staff must use personal protective equipment. Requirements for such means are regulated by the system of occupational safety standards. The goal of this work is analyzed new requirements for power frequency and induced personal protective equipment in the regulatory interstate standards GOST 12.4.172 and GOST 12.4.283. The personal protective equipment new requirements for various types of work are substantiated to electrical personnel health safety during the maintenance and operation of power grid facilities. Increasing requirements for personal protective equipment improves the staff protection at ground potential and at wire potential, including in emergency situations such as induced and step voltage.
Assessment of the health risk of workers in the extractive industries when exposed to noise above 80 Dba
Authors: Fokin Vladimir A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Currently, it is important to develop preventive measures aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of employees, including those developed taking into account the results of occupational risk. The aim of study is to calculate the individual health risk of workers in the mining and oil-producing industries caused by exposure to industrial noise, taking into account the severity of the disease. Materials and methods. Mathematical models reflecting the "exposure-response" relationship were used to assess the probability of responses from the impact of factors of the production environment and the labor process, as well as to determine the probability of deviation of predictor indicators. The individual health risk of employees was calculated by multiplying the probability of a response to its severity. For probable occupational diseases, the risk was calculated taking into account the probability of developing the disease in employees with a deviation of tread indicators. Results. The values of individual risk to the health of mining workers due to the development of sensorineural hearing loss ranged from 1.18∙10-2 to 1.46∙10-1. The risk to the health of oil industry workers caused by the occurrence of production-related arterial hypertension exceeds the permissible level of 13% of people from the observation group and ranges from 1∙10-3 to 24∙10-3. Conclusions. The analysis of changes in the value of occupational risk in employees over time, conducted on the basis of mathematical models, allows you to predict the long-term consequences associated with the impact of production factors. The results of this analysis can be used in the development of preventive measures at both the group and individual levels.
Erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters during biological monitoring of lead exposure to the body
Authors: Khotuleva Anastasiya G. , Kozyreva Mariya S.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The most susceptible to lead is the hematopoietic system of hematopoietic organs due to lead inhibition of heme and globin synthesis and cytotoxic effect on the membrane of Mature red blood cells. The aim of study was to evaluate the informative value of the study of erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters determined on modern hematological analyzers in patients working in contact with lead during medical and biological monitoring. Materials and methods. 45 employees of the lead battery processing plant and 30 persons of control group were examined. The level of lead in the blood was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, δ-ALA in the urine-by the reaction of pyrol formation with acetylacetone in terms of gram of creatinine, the study of hematological parameters was performed on a Sysmex HT-2000i analyzer. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the program STATISTICA 10.0. Results. Significant changes in erythrocytic (RDW) and reticulocytic (RET, IRF, LFR, MFR, HFR, RET-He) parameters, erythropoietin in workers in contact with lead compared to the control group, changes in MCV, MCH, RDW, RET indicators in the group working in dynamics after 2 years were revealed. Associations of hematological parameters with biomarkers of exposure and effect (lead level in blood and ALA in urine) were revealed. Conclusions. Assessment of erythrocyte (MCV, MCH, RDW) and reticulocyte parameters (RET% and their distribution by maturity) in dynamics during periodic medical examinations of workers in contact with lead allows us to detect the development of hematological disorders at early stages.
Features of immune regulation in working at the enterprise for the production of phthalic anhydride
Authors: Chelakova Yulia A. , Nikonoshina Natalya A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Employees of the chemical industry engaged in the production of phthalic anhydride are characterized by multi-level morphofunctional disorders of the health profile, characterized by an imbalance in the regulation of metabolism, sensitization of the body, membranotoxic effects, and the formation of secondary immunodeficiency. The aim of study was to assess the immune status of workers engaged in the production of phthalic anhydride. Materials and methods. The observation group included workers in contact with phthalic anhydride (31 persons). The comparison group consisted of administrative employees who were not in contact with phthalic anhydride (23 persons). Chemical exposure in the workplace is associated with the presence of phthalic anhydride - a harmful substance of hazard class 2. The full lymphocytes was performed on a flow cytometer FACSCalibur company "Becton Dickinson". The expression level of p53 and TNFR was determined using the corresponding MCAT. Cancer markers (CA 19-9, CEA, PSA) were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Changes in the content of phthalic anhydride-specific IgE were determined in an allergosorbent test with an enzyme label. The statistical analysis was performed using the software package Statistica 6.0. The reliability of differences between the groups were considered significant at p<0.05. Results. A significant deficiency in the content of the CD95+ cell death receptor relative to the reference level was established (p<0.05). There is a significant overexpression of the TNFR receptor in relation to the norm and the comparison group (2.5 times) (p<0.05). The level of p53 expression was significantly increased in relation to the comparison group (p<0.05). The observation group had an increased level of cancer markers CA 19-9, CEA, and PSA relative to the comparison group (p<0.05). There was a significantly increased content of IgE specific to phthalic anhydride (by its metabolite phthalic acid) in relation to the reference level (in 61.6%) and the comparison group (p<0.05). The results obtained verify the information in the scientific literature about the nature of the effect of phthalic anhydride on the immune system, its ability to cause allergic reactions (IgE specific to phthalic anhydride). Conclusions. Thus, the employees employed at the phthalic anhydride production facility had significantly reduced CD95+ levels, overexpression of TNFR, p53, CA 19-9, CEA, PSA, as well as hyperproduction of phthalic anhydride-specific reagins, which indicates insufficient immune control over the duration of the cell life cycle, and does not exclude the development of allergic, autoimmune, and oncoproliferative scenarios of production-related pathology.
The possibility of using myotonometry to assess the muscle fatigue of physical labor workers
Authors: Shitova Evgeniya S. , Malakhova Inga S. , Lemeshko Vladislav I.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The use of classical methods for diagnosing muscle fatigue of physical workers, including dynamometry and electromyography, is often limited due to the complexity of the process, the inability to use them in production, and the subjectivity of the methodology. At the same time, such a method as myotonometry does not have these disadvantages, but the main area of its use at the moment is clinical practice. The aim of study was to determine the possibility of using myotonometry to assess muscle fatigue. Materials and methods. In the course of the study, the biomechanical characteristics of muscles that differ in their depth were evaluated using the "MyotonPro" device (Myoton AS, Estonia). We determined the tone and stiffness of the biceps of the shoulder, the soleus muscle, and the muscle that straightens the back at different periods of time under the influence of maximum load on them. Results. It was found that the studied parameters of these muscles immediately after performing a series of exercises "to failure" statistically significantly increased, and after 30 minutes - again decreased, but did not reach the initial level. Conclusions. The myotonometric study showed objectivity, reliability, repeatability and proved to be one of the most promising modern methods for assessing muscle fatigue, including for solving problems in the field of occupational health.
Chinese Actors in Africa: Strong or Smart? Analytical survey and review of monographic studies published in 2020 and 2019 on the activities of Chinese political, economic and cultural actors in Africa
Authors: Fituni Olga
Published: December 2020

The reviewed books examine the engagement of political, economic, and diplomatic actors of China in Africa. The studies jointly provide a broad picture of the current state of the multifaceted compound of China-Africa relations. All together, they represent a convincing evidence of China’s rational combination of its economic and political power in the international arena with the skillful use of new opportunities that open up due to the acceleration of Africa’s development, while wisely distancing itself from excessive ideologization or politicization of Sino-African cooperation.
Complete the Process of Decolonization!
Authors: Fituni Leonid
Published: December 2020

December 14, 1960 marks the 60th anniversary of the adoption on the initiative of the USSR of the Declaration on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples by the XV Session of the UN General Assembly (GA). The author analyzes the significance of this act for the subsequent process of liberation of peoples from colonial rule from the perspective of the historical developments of the next six decades. The author comes up with a new interpretation of the diplomatic tactics chosen by the Soviet Union at the UN as well as in the confronting imperialist countries elsewhere on the timing of granting independence, ensuring the territorial integrity of the emerging young states, the presence of foreign bases and zones of extraterritorial jurisdiction on their land. The article provides a comparative analysis of the texts of the declaration proposed for consideration by the GA by the Soviet Union and the adopted version of the Declaration of the UN GA Resolution 1415 (XV). The author analyzes the situation in the world after the dismemberment of the USSR, from the perspective of the degree of completion of the decolonization process. He comes to the conclusion that in place of traditional colonialism, a project of a new global coloniality is being introduced, which preserves the fundamental and essential characteristics of actual colonial rule: external dependence and economic exploitation.
Pengembangan IT Helpdesk Ticketing Sistem Berbasis Web di Universitas Klabat
Authors: Adam Stenly Ibrahim , Moedjahedy Jimmy H , Lengkong Oktoverano
Published: December 2020

Helpdesk TI adalah perangkat lunak atau sistem yang membantu pengguna memecahkan masalah mereka melalui satu atau beberapa titik kontak. Kemudian, memungkinkan pengguna untuk memecahkan masalah, melacak masalah mereka, dan mendapatkan bantuan mengenai produk atau layanan. Universitas Klabat, dalam melaksanakan proses administrasi, pekerjaan di kantor, tidak lepas dari penggunaan IT, sehingga jika ada masalah terhadap perangkat IT pasti memerlukan bantuan dari departement IT. Namun ada beberapa masalah, diantaranya adalah departemen yang melaporkan gangguan dan kerusakan sering tidak tahu berapa lama masalah mereka akan ditangani karena proses antrian pekerjaan tidak terlihat jelas sehingga terkesan agak lambat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan sistem IT Helpdesk untuk pelaporan gangguan dan monitoring pekerjaan perbaikan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Sistem Development Lifecycle. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah sistem yang dapat digunakan oleh departemen IT dalam membantu memonitor tugas dan pekerjaan yang masuk.
A fixed point theorem for Hardy-Rogers type on generalized fractional differential equations
Authors: HARDAN Basel , PATİL Jayshree , ABDO Mohammed , CHAUDHARİ Archana
Published: December 2020

In this research paper, we introduce a generalization of Hardy-Rogers type contraction in a metric like space. Moreover, we apply this technique to investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the classical boundary value problems and generalized fractional boundary value problems through deducing the main properties of the related Green functions. The main result of this paper is to establish the modified conditions of Hardy-Roger's fixed point theorem and introduce some advanced applications.