FEATURES OF REGULATION OF THE LABOR MARKET IN AGRICULTURE OF UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARITAL STATE
Authors: Shumilin Anton ,   Academy of Labor, Social Relations and Tourism
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The article examines the problems of the deterioration of the Ukrainian labor market in rural areas during the implementation of martial law, analyzes the main changes that have taken place in the labor market, develops proposals for improving the state regulation of the labor market and directions for its stabilization.Today, in Ukraine, an important factor is the formation of the national market, based on the economic characteristics of the industry and taking into account the international experience of markets, in particular the labor market in rural areas.The peculiarities of the labor market in rural areas, along with the general ones, give rise to specific problems that require more thorough research and justification of the regulation of thistype of market as a permanent process of managing its functioning in order to ensure the positive evolutionary development of labor relations in various areas of the rural economy.The armed conflict caused the destruction of transport, social, and industrial infrastructure and significantly affected the real sector of the economy. All this slowed down economic activity inthe region and caused certain structural changes in the employment of the population, that is, only increased the variation in the sectoral structure of employment, which is most often associated with the political situation for a certain time.We see that there is a decline in the prestige of some professions and the growth of specialists in the direction of professionally mobile workers. Due to the lack of financial resources, employers are limited in their ability to expand their staff, so the demand is not for the number ofworkers, but for skills and qualifications, which is growing quite quickly.Real successes of effective policies on the labor market can be considered only those for which the costs of their implementation are more effective compared to the costs associated with unemployment. Therefore, estimates of the cost of the programs and the actual reduction in unemployment resulting from such policies are needed.According to the UN, since the beginning of the war, almost 7 million people have left our country, about 4 million Ukrainians have registered for temporary residence in EU countries.The start of the war and the introduction of martial law became the main factor affecting the state of the labor market in Ukraine. The following changes took place in the labor market:1. Competition on the market has increased significantly, due to the migration of the population from the occupied territories to the western and central regions of the country, stricter requirements have been imposed on employers in the selection of personnel, as a result, the workload for one workplace has increased.2. Changes in the structure of the country's labor potential, the number of the unemployed population increases, as a result of the destruction of industrial units or forced shutdown of enterprises during military operations. That is, the rate of migration of the population abroad decreased, 7 million people went abroad (according to UN data), which may lead to a labor shortage in the future.3. We observe the differentiation of the salary level and job offers relative to the regions.That is why the effectiveness of the state regulation of the labor market will largely depend on the interaction of local authorities with employers, business structures, territorial communities, and further research can provide a methodological basis, a mechanism for regulating regional labor markets.With the beginning of the war and the introduction of martial law, the labor market suffered significant losses and, according to the conclusions of many experts, there is no point in counting on the situation to improve.Keywords: labor market, rural area, government regulation, mechanism, martial law.