bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adolescents With Substance Abuse Problems in Outpatient Treatment: A One-year Prospective Follow-up Study Focusing on Mental Health Problems and Gender Differences
Authors: Boson Karin , Anderberg Mats , Hagborg Johan Melander , Wennberg Peter , Dahlberg Mikael
Published: January 2022

Background: Although several studies have found a high incidence of coexisting mental health problems among adolescents with substance abuse problems, follow-up studies addressing how these conditions change over time are rare. The study will describe and analyze indications of mental health problems and how various risk factors predict outcomes one year after initial treatment contact. In addition, gender-specific risk factors are explored. Methods: A clinical sample of 455 adolescents (29% girls, median age 17 years) answered a structural interview at baseline and followed-up using official records one year after initiated treatment. Bivariate associations and logistic regressions were conducted to analyse the links between risk factors at the individual, social, and structural levels as well as links between various mental illness symptoms at treatment start and indications of mental health problems one year later were analysed. Results: The results show that mental health problems among adolescents largely persisted one year after start of outpatient care for substance abuse problems. Forty-two per cent of the sample displayed indications of mental health problems at one-year follow-up, and registrations for both outpatient treatment and psychiatric medication were more common among the girls. Girls also reported more mental illness symptoms at treatment start than boys did. Placement in foster care/residential home, depression and suicidal thoughts had significant predictive values regarding indications of mental health problems and cumulative effects were found for 6–10 co-occurring risk factors. Conclusions: Adolescents with experiences of placement in foster care/residential home, depression and suicidal thoughts at treatment start should yield attention among clinicians as these general risk factors could predict indication of mental health problems at one year follow-up effectively. Also, patients with more than six co-occurring risk factors were more vulnerable for continued mental health problems. Generally, girls displayed a greater mental health and psychosocial burden at treatment initiation and were more likely to show indication of mental health problems at follow-up. These results suggests that girls are more likely to get psychiatric out-treatment parallel to, or after, substance abuse treatment. We recommend further investigation of gender differences and gender-specific needs in substance use treatment.
Development and validation of a new questionnaire appropriate to assess respiratory symptoms in current and former smokers without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The Respiratory Symptom Questionnaire (RSQ)
Authors: McCaffrey Stacey , Shiffman Saul , Hannon Michael J. , Goldenson Nicholas I. , Black Ryan A.
Published: January 2022

Background: Smokers who switch completely to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) may experience reductions in respiratory symptoms (e.g., cough, wheezing). Assessing such symptoms among smokers without respiratory disease using existing respiratory symptom questionnaires is challenging, as these questionnaires are intended for patient populations, such as those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The current study aimed to develop a respiratory symptom questionnaire appropriate for current and former smokers including those without COPD. Methods: This research included 3 phases. First, a draft respiratory symptom questionnaire (RSQ) was generated with input from subject matter experts. Second, the RSQ was refined through waves of cognitive debriefing interviews (n=49) with adult current smokers (Smokers) and former smokers who switched completely to ENDS for 6+ months (Switchers). Finally, Smokers (n = 202), Switchers (n=208), and Former Smokers (no tobacco use in 6+ months; smoked 10+ years; n=200) completed the RSQ for purposes of the quantitative psychometric evaluation. Results: The first two phases produced a 5-item RSQ that captured relevant symptoms and was interpreted as intended. During Phase 3 the RSQ was evaluated within the context of the graded response model (GRM). GRM assumptions of ordinality of response categories and unidimensionality were met. Test-retest reliability over a 1-week interval was good, and results provided support for convergent validity. Significant differences between Smokers’ and Former Smokers’ RSQ scores provide initial support for the RSQ’s ability to detect change in respiratory symptoms over time. In exploratory analyses, Switchers’ RSQ scores were significantly lower than Smokers’ scores, but not significantly different from Former Smokers’. Conclusion: Findings from this rigorous instrument development and validation study provide strong support for the reliability and validity of the RSQ as a measure of respiratory symptoms in adult current and former smokers, including those who may be at risk for developing COPD. The finding that RSQ scores among former smokers who had switched completely to ENDS were significantly lower than current smokers’ scores and similar to the scores of former smokers who had quit suggests that switching from cigarettes to ENDS may improve respiratory health.
Role of VEGFB in Electrical Pulse Stimulation Inhibits Apoptosis in C2C12 Myotubes
Authors: Guo LanLan , Li YanJun , Xing Zheng , Zhang JingBo , Zhang Jing
Published: January 2022

Skeletal muscle is the major effector organ for exercise. It has been proposed that the expression of VEGFB in skeletal muscle is significantly related to apoptosis. However, whether the decrease in VEGFB in skeletal muscle participates in the occurrence of skeletal muscle apoptosis and whether exercise inhibits apoptosis by promoting the expression of VEGFB in skeletal muscle cells have not been reported thus far. Here, we developed in vitro experiments to mimic the effect of exercise through electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) to observe the effect of EPS on apoptosis and the change in VEGFB expression in differentiated myotubes. In addition, we employed RNA interference experiments to explore whether VEGFB is directly involved in the regulation of myotube apoptosis during EPS. Our results showed that exogenous VEGFB167 significantly inhibited C2C12 myotube apoptosis induced by TNF-α treatment and that endogenous VEGFB in differentiated C2C12 myotubes was upregulated significantly by EPS. In addition, EPS decreased the expression of the apoptotic indicators Bax and Bcl-2 at the mRNA level and downregulated the protein expression of cleaved caspase-3. The antiapoptotic effect of EPS weakened substantially as VEGFB in C2C12 myotubes was inhibited. Taken together, exercise-like EPS inhibits apoptosis by promoting the expression of C2C12 myotube-derived VEGFB.
Exposure of Public Sector with the Quasi-Market Through Outsourcing: A Case Study in Iran
Authors: Omranikhoo Habib , Azmal Mohammad , Salari Hedayat , Ghorbanalizadeh Layla , Rezaee Mehdi
Published: January 2022

Objective: Outsourcing as an effective strategy in public management has brought the attention of policy makers for long time ago. This strategy as a public -private partnership arrangement (PPP) was coined to increase efficiency and quality in public organizations .in this study we aimed to investigate the frequency of using common outsourcing models in Bushehr University of Medical Sciences (BUMS).Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted in year 2020 in BUMS. Research population was all the deputies, hospitals and health networks affiliated to BUMS. This study was carried out in four stages including: literature review, construction of a checklist, quality assurance of gathered data and finally categorization of the outsourced services. Result: Results showed that there was a total of 7 various outsourcing models on which 189 cases of services have been outsourced. 108 cases out of 189 were clinical and the rest non-clinical. Among the outsourcing models, Service purchasing model was the commonest used model and two more models including leases and divesture were lack of use. Conclusion: Results signify that although various outsourcing models are available however, the frequency of outsourced services is still limited, showing that in order to spread the penetration of this strategy it needs to be tackled the obstacles ahead of its successful implementation. Increasing the knowledge of mangers would be definitely an effective solution. Furthermore, capacity –building towards raising the number of private health care providers could facilitate the implementation of outsourcing policy.
Atypical Mucin Expression Predicts Worse Overall Survival in Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Qian Yunzhen , Gong Yitao , Liu Yu , Chen Yusheng , Wang Ruijie , Dai Zhengjie , Zou Xuan , Tasiheng Yesiboli , Luo Guopei , Lin Xuan , Wang Xu , Cheng He , Yu Xianjun , Liu Chen
Published: January 2022

BackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a typical mucin expression pattern which is characterized as MUC1 positive, MUC2 negative and MUC5 positive. Mounting evidence has shown that mucins are involved in the development of pancreatic diseases. However, the correlation between mucin expression and prognosis of PDAC patients is controversial over the decades; thus, we aim to figure out the association of mucin expression with survival among PDAC patients who underwent radical resection.MethodsWe performed immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of MUC1, MUC2 and MUC5 in 427 resected PDAC specimens and got corresponding clinical statistics to conduct a retrospective study. Kaplan-Meier methods and Mantel-Cox tests were used to compare the survival curves, and Cox regression model was employed to make multivariate analyses and determine independent risk factors.ResultsLog-rank tests demonstrated that MUC1 absence is significantly correlated with worse overall survival (OS) (p = 0.0079). MUC2 expression showed marginal significance in predicting shorter OS of PDAC patients (p = 0.055), while MUC5 did not show prognostic value. Besides, MUC1 absence is associated with increased proportion of stage III PDAC (p = 0.011). MUC1 absence and MUC2 expression are also associated with tumor perineural aggression (p = 0.011 and p = 0.030). Multivariable adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for mortality of MUC1 and MUC2 is 0.492 (95% CI: 0.274-0.883, p = 0.017) and 1.596 (95% CI: 1.061-2.401, p = 0.025) respectively.ConclusionsMUC1 negative expression or MUC2 positive expression is independently associated with poor overall survival among patients with resectable PDAC.
Soluble SorCS1 binds the insulin receptor to enhance insulin sensitivity
Authors: Kjolby Mads , Breining Peter , Pedersen Karen , Wellner Niels , Sørensen Karen , Gjessing Anette , Januliene Dovile , Vittrup Dorthe , Manavalan Arulmani , Rotman Maarten , Thotakura Gangadaar , Hermey Guido , Madsen Peder , Vaegter Christian , Thirup Søren , Asplund Olof , Prasad Rashmi , Parlevliet Edwin , Rensen Patrick , Madsen Andreas , Holst Birgitte , Andersen Olav , Moller Arne , Hansen Torben , Nykjaer Anders
Published: January 2022

Type 2 diabetes has reached endemic proportions and is a substantial burden for the affected patients and the society. Along with lifestyle factors, a number of genetic loci predisposing to type 2 diabetes have been identified, including SORCS1 that encodes the transmembrane receptor SorCS1. The ectodomain of SorCS1 (sol-SorCS1) is shed from plasma membranes but the biological function of this fragment is unknown. Here we show that sol-SorCS1 acts as a high-affinity binding partner for the insulin receptor to stabilize the receptor and increase insulin affinity, protein kinase B activation, and glucose uptake in myocytes. Sol-SorCS1 is liberated from adipocytes, and in diabetic patients the plasma concentration positively correlates with body mass index, but inversely with plasma glucose. In mouse models of insulin resistance, exogenous sol-SorCS1 restored insulin sensitivity. We conclude that sol-SorCS1 increases peripheral insulin sensitivity and propose sol-SorCS1 as a novel insulin sensitizing adipokine and potential antidiabetic agent.
Single-Port Colonic Surgery: The Bermuda Experience
Authors: Hamilton Fitzroy , Thouet Ben , Morton Simon , Elliott Terence , Thouet Hermann , Vestweber Karl-Heinz , Vestweber Boris
Published: January 2022

BackgroundSingle Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) is attractive because it uses 1 umbilical incision for preparation and extraction of the specimen. However, the procedure is technically demanding compared to conventional laparoscopy, and it is unclear if it is possible to adopt this procedure in an isolated community like Bermuda with a small hospital.MethodsSince the introduction of SILS in Bermuda by an experienced SILS surgeon, 230 patients who underwent SILS colon procedures from 2012-2018 were reviewed. The data were analyzed according to intra- and postoperative events and outcomes. The results were compared to internationally published data.ResultsThere was a low operative time of 127.8 (40-305) minutes. There were only 4 conversions to open surgery (1.7%). The overall complication rate was 11.7% (27 patients). There were 2 postoperative deaths (0.9%). These data are within the range of internationally published data. ConclusionInitiated and guided by an experienced SILS surgeon, the adoption of single-port colon surgery in Bermuda was successful, and the SILS procedure now belongs to the standard procedures for colonic operations in Bermuda.
Immunoinformatics guided design of a universal epitope-based vaccine against Kaposi Sarcoma
Authors: Hoque Hammadul , Sumaiya  , Hasan Mahmudul , Rahaman Md. Mashiur , Jewel G. M. Nurnabi Azad
Published: January 2022

The Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a virus that is identified as a direct carcinogen, causes Kaposi sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric Castleman disease. Despite this, there is no permanent treatment. This work intended to develop a multi-epitope vaccine aiming KSHV's key glycoproteins involved in viral entry. After applying rigorous immunoinformatics study and numerous immunological filters, the multi epitope vaccine was created, comprising of potent CTL, HTL and BCL epitope. A series of computational evaluations established the general dependability of the putative vaccine, and a molecular dynamics simulation established the vaccine's overall stability. Docking experiments revealed that the vaccination can make stable interactions with Toll-Like Receptors. Codon optimization and insertion into the cloning vector revealed that the vaccine could be expressed proficiently in the E. coli expression system. Finally, an immune simulation was done to assess the vaccine's potency to trigger an immune response.
The Effect of Sildenafil Citrate on Fetal and Maternal Ultrasound Indices in IUGR-complicated Pregnancies; A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Derakhshi Fereshteh , Abbasalizadeh Fatemeh
Published: January 2022

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common complication of pregnancy and is associated with a higher risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity. We aimed to systematically review the studies that evaluated the efficacy of sildenafil citrate on improving the ultrasonographic changes in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and umbilical artery (UA) in pregnancies complicated with IUGR. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Pro-Quest, Web of Science, and Google scholar (from inception to 30 June 2020), of randomized clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of sildenafil citrate on different outcomes of IUGR-complicated pregnancies. Mean differences (SD) were extracted and pooled using random and fixed effects models based on their heterogeneity. Six studies were identified for quantitative meta-analysis. Seven outcomes, including MCA resistive index (RI)، MCA pulsatility index (PI)، MCA systolic to the diastolic ratio (S/D), UA RI، UA PI، UA S/D, and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) have been evaluated in these studies. The pooled results for the efficacy of treatment on MCA RI (Pooled MD = 0.07, 95% CI:0.03 to 0.1,p-value < 0.001) and MCA S/D (Pooled MD = 0.8, 95% CI0.18 to 0.45,p-value < 0.001) were statistically significant. The changes in other outcomes were comparable between the study groups. Overall, our meta-analysis on RCT showed that sildenafil citrate might improve MCA RI and MCA S/D in IUGR-complicated pregnancies. Regarding the other outcomes, our meta-analysis did not provide significant results.
Studies on a novel mechanisms of VCP-mediated metastasis of osteosarcoma based on cell autophagy and EMT pathway
Authors: li an an , Zhang Yu , li fan , zhou yang , liu zhi li , long xin hua
Published: January 2022

Objective: Study of the molecular mechanisms of metastasis is still the research focus for osteosarcoma(OS) prevention. This study is to explore a new way for VCP promoting OS metastasis from the perspective of autophagy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro.Method: Different cell lines of osteosarcoma (143B and MG63) were adopted in this study. Gene interference technology was used to down-regulate the expression of VCP, and the expression levels of autophagy and EMT-related protein in OS cells were detect by western blot, as well as smad pathway related protein. Then the process of autophagy and EMT in OS cells were changed artificially, and the cells phenotype were detected respectively. Result: The expression of the LC3II/I was decreased but the insolubilized P62 protein expression was increased in VCP inhibiting group, as well as that in autophagy inhibitor treatment group, which suggesting the down-regulation of the autophagy level of OS cells. At the same time, the expression of the E-cadherin protein was incresed but the N-cadherin was decreased which suggesting the down-regulation of the EMT level in VCP inhibiting group, contrarily that in TGF-β1 treatment group. In addition, suppressing VCP can cause a decrease of Transforming Growth Factor β1（TGF-β1）, smad2, smad3, phosphorylated smad2（p-smad2） and phosphorylated smad3（p-smad3）. Autophagy inhibitors and agonists has no significant effect on the migration and invasion of OS cells, but can significantly affect the ability of cells to resist anoikis. EMT inhibitors and agonists has a proportional effect on the migration and invasion of OS cells.Conclusion: VCP is likely to promote the migration and invasion of OS cells by inducing EMT possibly via TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway, and VCP-mediated autophagy plays a key role in this process, contributing to the successful distant metastasis of tumor cells.
Multidimensional Computerized Adaptive Testing Simulations in R
Authors: İNCE ARACI Fazilet Gül , TAN Şeref
Published: January 2022

Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT) is a beneficial test technique that decreases the number of items that need to be administered by taking items in accordance with individuals' own ability levels. After the CAT applications were constructed based on the unidimensional Item Response Theory (IRT), Multidimensional CAT (MCAT) applications have gained momentum with the improvement of multidimensional IRT (MIRT) models in recent years. Researchers often benefit from simulation studies in order to design the final adaptive testing application and to test the effectiveness of adaptive testing applications they developed with different methods. Recently, R has become one of the most widely used programming languages in Monte Carlo Simulation studies since it is a free and open-source software. The aims of this study are to present the MCAT simulation process step by step in the R environment, to examine the effects of the conditions that researchers can handle during the simulation process according to two different dimensional models, and to examine the effect of treating multidimensional structures as unidimensional structures on simulation results. In this direction, datasets generated in accordance with within-item dimensionality and between-item dimensionality models, MCAT simulation studies were constructed with different customizations, and MCAT simulation results were compared with unidimensional CAT simulation results. All commands required for each simulation example were explained and results were shared for each condition.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI DAN PENGALAMAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI KPP PRATAMA JAKARTA PANCORAN
Authors: Fahreza Muhammad Rifqi , Rialmi Zackharia , Suciati Ranlla
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi, dan pengalaman kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai di KPP Pratama Jakarta Pancoran. Populasi pada penelitian ini ada seluruh pegawai KPP Pratama Jakarta Pancoran yang berjumlah 113 pegawai. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 88 pegawai dengan penggunaan rumus slovin. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer, yaitu dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner atau angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis data kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode statistik. Metode statistik yang digunakan adalah Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil pengujian diperoleh hasil (1) kompetensi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai KPP Pratama Jakarta Pancoran, dan (2) pengalaman kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pegawai KPP Pratama Jakarta Pancoran Kata Kunci: kompetensi, pengalaman kerja, kinerja pegawai ABSTRACT This study is a quantitative study that aims to determine the effect of competence and work experience on employee performance at KPP Pratama Jakarta Pancoran. The population in this study were all employees of KPP Pratama Jakarta Pancoran totaling 113 employees. The number of samples used in this study was 88 employees using the slovin formula. The data used in this study is primary data, namely by distributing questionnaires. The data analysis technique used in this research is the quantitative data analysis technique using statistical methods. The statistical method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). The test results obtained (1) competence has a positive and significant effect on the performance of KPP Pratama Jakarta Pancoran employees, (2) work experience has a positive and significant effect on the performance of KPP Pratama Jakarta Pancoran employees. Keywords: competence, work experience, employee performance
Interactive learning materials for subjects Music Theory and Solfeggio in the Slovenian primary music school
Authors: Zadnik Katarina
Published: January 2022

With the outbreak of the pandemic, general and music education shifted completely to remote learning as the only possible form. The research looks into didactic approaches using digital technology adopted by active teachers and students in the Slovenian music school in asynchronous distance learning. On a sample of 9 active teachers and 16 students, the research study examined 31 interactive learning materials in order to identify innovative didactic approaches using digital tools which were applied to achieve learning objectives within musical activities of the Music Theory and Solfeggio. Based on qualitative-quantitative approach, the research showed a low presence of
didactic approaches using digital tools. Even though the results show a
higher level of use of digital technology among students, the research focused much more on the presence of e-learning materials as well as predominantly traditional teaching approaches, similar to the classical type of classroom teaching.
Interkulturalna efikasnost i preferencije glazbi svijeta u kontekstu visokoškolskog obrazovanja
Authors: Dobrota Snježana , Vukić Mirna
Published: January 2022

U radu je istražen utjecaj završenog srednjoškolskog obrazovanja i dobi/godine studije na interkulturalnu efikasnost studenata i njihove preferencije glazbi svijeta, zatim povezanost između interkulturalne efikasnosti i preferencija glazbi svijeta te utjecaj poznatosti na preferencije glazbenih ulomaka. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku studenata različitih fakulteta Sveučilišta u Splitu i Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, pomoću upitnika sastavljenog od tri dijela: Upitnik općih podataka, Upitnik interkulturalne efikasnosti (The Intercultural Effectiveness Scale) te Upitnik za ispitivanje glazbenih preferencija. Rezultati ne potvrđuju utjecaj vrste završene srednje škole ni dobi/ godine studija na razinu interkulturalne efikasnosti studenata, niti na njihove preferencije glazbi svijeta. Potvrđeno je postojanje povezanosti
između razine interkulturalne efikasnosti i preferencija glazbi svijeta
te

između poznavanja glazbe i preferencija glazbenih ulomaka. Dobiveni rezultati imaju značajne glazbeno-pedagoške implikacije, posebno u kontekstu visokoškolskog obrazovanja.
Mišljenja studenata primarnog obrazovanja o obilježjima profesije
Authors: Kuntin Petra
Published: January 2022

Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi mišljenje studenata primarnog obrazovanja o
obilježjima profesije. Nezavisne varijable istraživanja su trenutačna godina studija, vrsta prethodno završene srednje škole te modul/smjer koji studenti pohađaju. Istraživanje je provedeno anketnim upitnikom u akademskoj godini 2019./2020., a uzorak čine studenti/ce prve i pete godine Učiteljskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Rezultati pokazuju da studenti primarnog obrazovanja prepoznaju obilježja profesije te postojanje statistički značajne razlike s obzirom na godinu studija i vrstu prethodno završene srednje škole.
The Dark Machines Anomaly Score Challenge: Benchmark Data and Model Independent Event Classification for the Large Hadron Collider
Authors: Aarrestad Thea , van Beekveld Melissa , Bona Marcella , Boveia Antonio , Caron Sascha , Davies Joe , de Simone Andrea , Doglioni Caterina , Duarte Javier , Farbin Amir , Gupta Honey , Hendriks Luc , Heinrich Lukas A. , Howarth James , Jawahar Pratik , Jueid Adil , Lastow Jessica , Leinweber Adam , Mamuzic Judita , Merényi Erzsébet , Morandini Alessandro , Moskvitina Polina , Nellist Clara , Ngadiuba Jennifer , Ostdiek Bryan , Pierini Maurizio , Ravina Baptiste , Ruiz de Austri Roberto , Sekmen Sezen , Touranakou Mary , Vaškeviciute Marija , Vilalta Ricardo , Vlimant Jean-Roch , Verheyen Rob , White Martin , Wulff Eric , Wallin Erik , Wozniak Kinga A. , Zhang Zhongyi
Published: January 2022

We describe the
outcome of a data challenge conducted as part of the
Dark Machines (https://www.darkmachines.org) initiative and the Les Houches 2019 workshop on Physics at TeV colliders. The challenged aims to detect signals of new physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) using unsupervised machine learning algorithms. First, we propose how an anomaly score could be implemented to define model-independent signal regions in LHC searches.
We define and describe a large benchmark dataset, consisting of >1 billion simulated LHC events corresponding to 10\, fb^{-1}10fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. We then review a wide range of anomaly detection and density estimation algorithms, developed in the context of the data challenge, and we measure their performance in a set of realistic analysis environments. We draw a number of useful conclusions that will aid the development of unsupervised new physics searches during the third run of the LHC, and provide our benchmark dataset for future studies at https://www.phenoMLdata.org. Code to reproduce the analysis is provided at https://github.com/bostdiek/DarkMachines-UnsupervisedChallenge.
Reseña Emilio J. Justo, Después de la modernidad. La cultura posmoderna en perspectiva teológica. Santander: Ed. Sal Terrae-Grupo Loyola, 2020
Authors: Cabiedas Tejero Juan Manuel
Published: January 2022

Reseña Emilio J. Justo, Después de la modernidad. La cultura posmoderna en perspectiva teológica. Santander: Ed. Sal Terrae-Grupo Loyola, 2020
Financial well-being – A Generation Z perspective using a Structural Equation Modeling approach
Authors: Shankar Nisha , Vinod Smitha , Kamath Rajashree
Published: January 2022

The current pandemic situation in the global economy has urged the need to revolutionize the financial services industry with a keen eye on consumers’ financial needs for sound financial decisions, which is necessary for financial well-being. The purpose of the study is to assess the financial well-being of Indian Gen Z students in relation to financial literacy, financial fragility, financial behavior, and financial technology. In addition, the study also tries to determine how Gen Z students’ financial well-being is influenced by other factors such as gender, age, parental education, employment status, and monthly income in India. The study uses the scientific data analysis approach, Partial Least Squares-SEM model to estimate, predict, and assess the hypotheses. A sample of 271 University students from India was surveyed using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Questions were incorporated to understand the effect of financial literacy, technology, fragility, behavior, demographic and parental characteristics on financial well-being. The results indicate that financial behavior is positively related to financial well-being, while financial fragility is negatively associated. However, financial literacy and financial technology do not significantly affect financial well-being. The results also show that financial well-being is significantly influenced by gender, parental education, employment status, and monthly income change. Understanding Indian Gen Z student financial well-being will expand the students’ understanding of the importance of financial literacy for well-planned financial behavior and informed decisions, hence high levels of financial well-being. Government and financial institutions can more effectively identify gaps and deficiencies in student financial well-being.
Los intríngulis del Desarrollo Sostenible
Authors: Naranjo R. Juan F.
Published: January 2022

Los dos principales desafíos que enfrentará la humanidad en el próximo siglo están asociados a la seguridad alimentaria y al cambio climático; y ambos están relacionados directamente con los sistemas de producción con animales; es decir, con la producción de proteína de origen animal. Sin embargo, esos sistemas se encuentran en el centro de las discusiones sobre la salud del planeta y de las personas, porque permanentemente se pone en entredicho la sostenibilidad de estas formas de producir.
Spatio-temporal variation characteristics of extreme precipitation over the Dongting Lake basin
Authors: Chen Jingjing , Li Bing , Li Yunying , Zhou Li , Zou Jinming , Yao Rong
Published: January 2022

Using the global Moran's I and other statistical methods, the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of extreme precipitation over the Dongting Lake basin are studied based on the daily precipitation at national meteorological stations from 1960 to 2016. The results show that the spatial distribution of extreme precipitation is very uneven. The areas with the maximum of extreme precipitation are located in the Lishui River basin, the middle reaches of the Zishui River and the lower reaches of the Yuanshui River. There is more extreme precipitation on the windward slope than in the basin and the lake area. There are two typical modes for extreme precipitation after the empirical orthogonal function decomposition, namely the north–south mode and the northwest–southeast mode. The extreme precipitation event is more likely to occur in the northwestern and southeastern areas of the Hunan Province. There is an obvious spatial clustering of extreme precipitation over the Dongting Lake basin. The global Moran's I is positive. In addition, the extreme precipitation at most meteorological stations shows an increasing tendency. Also, the middle reaches of the Yuanshui River basin and the Zishui River basin have the most significant increasing tendency. The abrupt change of extreme precipitation occurred around the late 1980s.
Application and evaluation of LID facilities in sponge airport, China
Authors: Peng Jing , Wang Qian-qian , Yang Xin-sheng , Yu Lei , Zhong Xiang
Published: January 2022

Low Impact Development (LID) is an important approach for the construction of sponge airports. There are few researches on the application of LID facilities in airports. This study mainly analyzes the application of LID facilities in airports, and analyzes the reduction rate of LID facilities on the total runoff, peak present time and peaking volume by constructing EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) in the eastern work area of an airport, which is located in a coastal city in northern China. This study selected three kinds of LID facilities: green roof, bio-detention facility and permeable pavement. Then three LID scenarios were formed according to different layout ratios of facilities (30%-90%), and the effects of different scenarios under different design rainstorms are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the control effect of LID scenario is enhanced with the increase of the proportion of LID facilities. The control effect of LID scenario gradually weakened with the increase of rainfall intensity. For high-frequency rainstorm, the maximum reduction rates of total runoff and peaking volume are 30.89% and 25.58% respectively, and the peak present time delay rate is up to 28.57%. For low-frequency rainstorm, the maximum reduction rates of total runoff and peaking volume are 17.96% and 14.95% respectively, and the peak present time delay rate is up to 6.12%. The flood control effect is more obvious when the LID facilities and pipe network are combined under the condition of low-frequency heavy rain. These conclusions present the effects under different combination ratio of LID facilities. It can provide the technical reference for the design and application of LID facilities for sponge airport construction in the future.
PHD3 as a Prognosis Marker and its Relationship with Immune Infiltration
in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ye Yun , Wang Lei , Zhong Yingying , Wang Guiping , An Huan , Gao Qiang
Published: January 2022

Background:

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly heterogeneous malignant tumor.
Therefore, it is necessary to find predictive biomarkers related to the prognosis and immune
infiltration of lung adenocarcinoma, which may provide an effective theoretical basis for its clinical
treatment.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate whether the expression level of PHD3 in lung adenocarcinoma
(LUAD) is related to immunity.

Method:

PHD3 expression was analyzed by the ONCOMINE, TIMER, UALCAN, and GEPIA
databases. The correlations between clinical information and PHD3 expression were analyzed by
the LinkedOmics database. Then, we evaluated the influence of PHD3 on the survival of LUAD
patients using Kaplan-Meier Plotter and HPA database. We explored the correlation between
PHD3 and tumor immunity using TIMER and the correlation module of TISDIB. Finally, we used
the cBioportal database to analyze PHD3 mutations in LUAD.

Results:

Comprehensive analysis displayed PHD3 expression to be clearly higher in LUAD compared
to adjacent normal tissues. PHD3 expression was identified to be positively associated with
tumor purity, histological type, and later pathological stage. Survival curve results revealed the
high expression of PHD3 in LUAD patients to be accompanied by a poor prognosis. Further study
indicated PHD3 to be significantly related to a variety of tumor immune cells and molecules.
Moreover, among the LUAD cases with gene alteration of PHD3, amplification was the most
common of all alteration types.

Conclusion:

This study aimed to evaluate whether the expression level of PHD3 in lung adenocarcinoma
(LUAD) is related to immunity.
Influence of Chaperones on Amyloid Formation of Аβ Peptide
Authors: Galzitskaya O.V. , Selivanova O.M. , Dzhus U.F. , Marchenkov V.V. , Suvorina M. Yu. , Surin A.K.
Published: January 2022

Background:

An extensive study of the folding and stability of proteins and their complexes
has revealed a number of problems and questions that need to be answered. One of them is the
effect of chaperones on the process of fibrillation of various proteins and peptides.

Methods:

We studied the effect of molecular chaperones, such as GroEL and α-crystallin, on the fibrillogenesis
of the Aβ(1-42) peptide using electron microscopy and surface plasmon resonance.

Results:

Recombinant GroEL and Aβ(1-42) were isolated and purified. It was shown that the assembly
of GroEL occurs without the addition of magnesium and potassium ions, as is commonly believed.
According to the electron microscopy results, GroEL insignificantly affects the fibrillogenesis of the
Aβ(1-42) peptide, while α-crystallin prevents the elongation of the Aβ(1-42) peptide fibrils. We have
demonstrated that GroEL interacts nonspecifically with Aβ(1-42), while α-crystallin does not interact
with Aβ(1-42) at all using surface plasmon resonance.

Conclusion:

The data obtained will help us understand the process of amyloid formation and the effect
of various components on it.
Functional Connectivity, Physical Activity, and Neurocognitive Performances
in Patients with Vascular Cognitive Impairment, No Dementia
Authors: Chang Ya-Ting , Liu Chun-Ting , Hsu Shih-Wei , Lee Chen-Chang , Huang Pei-Ching
Published: January 2022

Background:

Vascular Cognitive Impairment, No Dementia (VCIND) is a key stage at
which early intervention will delay or prevent dementia. The pathophysiology of VCIND posits
that a lesion in a single location in the brain has the ability to disrupt brain networks, and the subsequent abnormal Functional Connectivity (FC) of brain networks leads to deficits in corresponding neurobehavioral domains. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that disrupted anterior cingulate cortex and striatal networks mediated the effects of Physical Activity (PA) on neurobehavioral function.

Methods:

In 27 patients with VCIND, FC within the brain networks and neurobehavioral dysfunction were assessed. The relationship between the cognitive scores, FC, and PA was studied. The Fitbit Charge 2 was used to measure step counts, distance, and calories burned. In patients with VCIND, a cross-sectional Spearman’s correlation to analyze the relationship among patient-level measures of PA, cognitive function scores, and FC strength within the brain networks.

Results:

Average step counts and average distance were associated with Trail Making Test B (TM-B) time to completion (seconds) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) score (P <0.05). The average calories burned were associated with IADL score (P = 0.009). The FC within the brain networks anchored by left caudal Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) seeds (x= -5, y= 0, z= 36) and (x= -5, y= -10, z= 47) were positively correlated with average step counts and average distance, were negatively correlated with TMB time to completion (seconds), and were positively correlated with IADL score (P < 0.05). The FC within the brain networks anchored by left subgenual ACC seed (x= -5, y= 25, z= -10) were negatively correlated with average step counts and average distance were positively correlated with TMB time to completion (seconds), and were negatively correlated with IADL score (P < 0.05). The FC within the striatal networks was positively correlated with average calories burned and IADL score (P < 0.05).
Enantioselective Michael Addition of Pyrazolin-5-ones to Nitroalkenes
Catalyzed by Novel Squaramide Organocatalyst
Authors: Ma Zhi-Wei , Liu Xiao-Feng , Chen Xiao-Pei , Wang Chuan-Chuan , Tao Jing-Chao , Lv Quan-Jian
Published: January 2022

A new tertiary amine-thiourea organocatalyst has successfully been developed and applied
into the asymmetric Michael addition of pyrazolin-5-one to nitroalkenes. The catalyst system
performed well with a low catalyst loading of 5 mol% under mild reaction conditions. A series of
synthetically and pharmaceutically useful chiral pyrazolone derivatives was obtained in high yields
(up to 95%) with good enantioselectivities (up to 88 % ee).
Efficient Monoalkylation of Anilines with Chalcones using Microwave-Assisted aza-Michael Addition
Authors: Iida Hirokazu , Okawa Mitsuki , Leeanansaksiri Siriwat , Takahashi Kie
Published: January 2022

The aza-Michael addition is an attractive methodology for synthetic organic chemistry because
the resulting β-aminocarbonyl compounds are valuable building blocks for the synthesis of
pharmaceutically useful compounds. However, monoalkylation of aniline and its derivatives is quite
difficult because anilines are poor nucleophiles compared to monoalkylated ones. Since the publication
of pioneering articles in 1986, the development of microwave-assisted organic synthesis has been remarkable.
Therefore, we began by investigating the monoalkylation of aniline and its derivatives under
microwave irradiation. Because of the ready formation of bisalkylated products, the monoalkylation
reaction between anilines and Michael acceptors is quite difficult. To overcome the difficulty, we investigated
the effect of microwave irradiation for the alkylation of anilines with chalcones as Michael
acceptors. Microwave-assisted aza-Michael addition proceeded smoothly to obtain mainly the monoalkylated
Michael adduct. The substitution effects of both chalcone and aniline concerning the yield were
also studied. We supposed that dimer formation by two monoalkylated compounds produces a bulky
environment around the amino group, which prevents monoalkylated compounds from undergoing a
second alkylation. We confirmed a highly efficient and rapid method for preparing monoalkylated anilines
using microwave-assisted aza-Michael addition between anilines and chalcones.
Synthesis of Isatin Derivatives Exhibiting Antibacterial, Antifungal and
Cytotoxic Activities
Authors: Saleem Muhammad , Ahmad Maqbool , Mehmood Rana Farhat , Shaheen Afifa , Qaiser Shama , Niaz Shah Iram , Ali Muhammad , Irshad Misbah , Mehmood Sajid , A. Abubshait Samar , A. Abubshait Haya , Imran Muhammad , Rauf Abdur , Ali Omar M. , El-Bahy Zeinhom M.
Published: January 2022

Objective:

The current objective was to synthesize biologically active Isatin derivatives. For this purpose, six (06) chemical entities of Isatin derivatives such as 3a-3c and 4a-4c were syn-thesized from Isatin substrate.

Methods:

The pure compounds were characterized with the help of 1H-NMR, FT-IR, EIMS spectro-scopic techniques. The synthesized amines 3a-3c and hydrazones 4a-4c were evaluated for their toxicity potential with the help of brine shrimp bioassay.

Results:

The obtained results revealed that 3c exhibited promising toxicity (LD50 = 1.03 × 10-5 M) against Artemia salina. The pure chemical entities such as compounds 3a-3c and 4a-4c were evalu-ated against four Gram-negative (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, S. flexneri) and two Gram-positive (B. subtilis, S. aureus) bacteriae. The compound 3a displayed significant activity against two bacte-rial strains; i.e. P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, compound 3c demonstrated significant activity against P. aeruginosa. Compound 4b was the most active against S. typhi, displaying a greater diameter of the growth of inhibition zone (GIZ) than the standard drug. Compound 4c exhibited significant activity against P. aeruginosa and S. typhi. Compounds 3a-3c and 4a-4c exhibited moderate to significant antibacterial activity against three out of five strains. Only Compound 3c revealed promising toxici-ty (LD50 = 1.03 × 10-5 M) against Artemia salina. Antifungal studies of the compounds 3a-3c and 4a-4c against six fungal cultures; T. longifusus, C. albicans, A. flavus, M. canis, F. solani, and C. glabrata. All the compounds were active against one or more pathogens having inhibition (10-90 %). Compound 3a exhibited significant inhibition i.e. 90 % against M. canis, 70 % against T. longifusus, Compound 4b further displayed significant inhibition (90 %) against A. flavus and thus proved to be the most active member of the series.

Conclusion:

All compounds showed better antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities, which may provide a ground to prepare enhanced molecules with much higher antibacterial activities.
Biochemical and Molecular Mechanism of Plant-mediated Synthesis of
Silver Nanoparticles – A Review
Authors: Singh Sushila , Dalal Ritu , Sangwan Seema , Moond Monika , Beniwal Rajita
Published: January 2022

In the past few decades, metal nanoparticles have received a great deal of attention from
researchers. Particularly, silver nanoparticles have great potential in a wide range of applications such
as antimicrobials, drug delivery carriers, sensors, optoelectronics, and attractive gadgets. Designing a
systematic and natural or environmentally-friendly method for blending metal nanoparticles could be
a principal step within the field of nanotechnology. Awareness of “green nanotechnology” in nanoparticle
synthesis is developing amongst scientists. In the recent decade, more than a hundred different
plant extract sources for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been described. The majority
of publications focused on the union and characterization of several plant parts; however, a few
articles focused on the role of biomolecules in plants and the working conditions involved in the
amalgamation. This review highlights the potential of plant extracts in the synthesis of AgNPs with a
special focus on the biochemical and molecular mechanism involved in the synthesis of AgNPs using
plant extract as a reducing and capping agent. The present review also includes the characterization of
AgNPs and the physical parameters affecting the size and shape of AgNPs.
Thermal Reactions Leading to the Emission Waves in Different Parts of
the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Authors: Khudyakov Igor V.
Published: January 2022

Thermal reactions accompanied by emission of light (UV-Vis, IR, radio waves) are briefly
reviewed. The Boltzmann law requires that molecules (atoms, ions, radicals, radical-ions) have distribution
of energy levels according to the exponential law. Criteria for observation of emission of
light quanta are presented. The well-known example is chemiluminescence, where a thermally “hot”
molecular product returns to the ground state emitting light. Other types of similar reactions are presented.
The observation of microwave emission is discussed.
CT Imaging Findings of Pulmonary Alveolar Echinococcosis
Authors: Eroglu Atilla , Ogul Hayri , Aydin Yener
Published: January 2022

Alveolar echinococcosis is a parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus multilocularis in
the metacestode stage. The disease involves the liver in almost all cases, and additionally, lung involvement
is accompanied in approximately 13% of the cases. Due to the low incidence of pulmonary
alveolar echinococci, there are few case reports of lung involvement in the literature. In this study,
computed tomography (CT) findings related to pulmonary involvement in alveolar echinococcosis
cases, which have increased worldwide in recent years, were evaluated.