bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERCEPTION OF THE INTONATION OF INTERROGATIVENESS VS INCOMPLETENESS IN THE INTERFERED RUSSIAN SPEECH OF THE EVENKS
Authors:   OLGA B. KARACHEVA Amur State University, KARACHEVA OLGA B.
Published: September 2021

The perception of oral speech can undoubtedly be attributed to one of the most complex processes in language, since the observer does not have direct access to the sounds, but only to the reactions associated with them. Every language has a perceptual base that allows a person not only to hear but also to carry out a number of procedures aimed at identifying and cognizing what he / she has heard by comparing it with the patterns in the mind representing a combination of significant phonetic features. Meanwhile, the researcher observes listeners’ reactions trying to systematize these features and the mechanisms of their perception and interpretation. This paper reports the results of Russian speakers ' perception analysis of the interfered Russian speech of the Evenks on the example of affirmative sentences with the intonation of incompleteness and general questions. The results show that Russian interfered speech of the Evenks is positively perceived by Russian native speakers...
ESTUDO SOBRE GERAÇÃO DE VALOR SOCIOAMBIENTAL EM NEGÓCIOS SOCIAIS
Authors: Gonçalves Fábio Luiz Papaiz , Sugahara Cibele Roberta , Ferreira Denise Helena Lombardo
Published: September 2021

Os Negócios Sociais são empreendimentos sociais com propósito social que visam criar alternativas de solução para problemas sociais. Neste sentido, podem contribuir significativamente com novas oportunidades de acesso a produtos e serviços e, para a qualidade de vida da população. O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar a geração de valor socioambiental em Negócios Sociais. Os elementos de geração de valor social analisados nos Negócios Sociais das organizações estudadas são os seguintes: Capital Físico, Capital Produtivo, Custos de transação, Capital Humano, Capital Social e Cidadania. Para tanto, apresenta-se uma descrição dos elementos que contribuem para a geração de valor socioambiental em Negócios Sociais. A metodologia da pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa e descritiva. A pesquisa adota o estudo de casos múltiplos para analisar a geração de valor socioambiental em cinco organizações denominadas Negócios Sociais. Os Negócios Sociais contribuírem para a inserção social e criação de mudanças sociais a partir do acesso a bens e serviços. Dentre os valores socioambientais gerados pelos Negócios Sociais estudados, percebe-se a importância do Capital Humano – acesso à educação e serviços de saúde – propiciados por esse tipo de empreendimento social.
Dry Matter Yield and Nutrient Uptakes of Arabica Coffee Seedlings as Influenced by Lime and Coffee Husk Compost Amendments at Western Ethiopia
Authors: Dibaba Bikila Takala
Published: September 2021

Nursery experiment was conducted at Haru Agricultural Research Sub Center (HARSC) of Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Western Ethiopia, to investigate dry matter yield and its nutrient uptake of Arabica coffee seedlings under different lime and coffee husk compost rates and establish optimum combination of theseagricul tural inputs that produce seedlings with better dry matter yield for field planting. The experiment was laid out in a factorial experiment arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included four levels of lime (0, 1.6, 3.2 and 4.8 t ha-1) and coffee husk compost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1). Nutrient uptake and dry matter yield data of coffee seedlings were collected and subjected to analysis of variance using SAS package and treatment means were compared at 0.05 probability using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results revealed that lime and coffee husk compost rates significantly (P< 0.01) affected NPK uptake and total dry matter yield of coffee seedlings. The highest NPK uptake and total dry matter yield of coffee seedling were obtained from the application of 15 t.ha-1 coffee husk compost and combined lime and coffee husk compost at the modest levels of 3.2 t.ha-1 lime and 10 t.ha-1 coffee husk compost with a nonsignificant variation. From the study, it can be concluded that application of 15 t.ha-1 coffeehusk compost or combining 10 t.ha-1 of coffee husk compost and 3.2 t.ha-1 of agricultural lime could be a promising alternative amendment for acid soil management and production of vigorous coffee seedlings with high nutrient uptake and high dry matter yield in HARSC areas.
Early Morphological Growth Response and Incidence of Key Pests Under Two Spacing Regimes of Coffea canephora
Authors: Sseremba Godfrey , Hubby Kagezi Godfrey , Kobusinge Judith , Akodi David , Olango Nicholas , Mulindwa Joseph , Musoli Pascal , Arinaitwe Geofrey
Published: September 2021

Coffea canephora has non-limiting but unexploited yield and quality potential when compared with C. arabica. Coffee tree density optimization can improve fortunes of smallholder farmers. An attractive example is that high productive countries where high plant densities do increase area yield but across boardrecommendations are illogical especially with variety and agroecological variations. We aimed to compare two spacing regimes for growth response and pest incidence using Kituza Robusta clone. Randomized complete block designs with three replications and eight plants per plot were established at four agroecologically diverseon-farm locations. Eleven plant growth variables were measured. In addition incidences of five key pests were assessed. Data was collected on a 3-month interval starting from 12 up to 21 months after planting. Highly significant differences between spacing regimes (p<0.01) were obtained for majority of variables. Mean growth response was generally higher under 3 m x 1 m (high density) than 3 m x 3 m (low density) particularly with stem girth, plant height, length of longest primary branch, and leaf blade length. Conversely, pest incidence of black coffee twig borer, leaf eating beetles, leaf miners, and tailed caterpillars, except skeletonizers was higher under high than low plant densities. The findings provide aguide on implications of high plant densities on growth robustness which is translatable into yield potential; amidst a pest prevalence dilemma in studied type of C. canephora.
Consumer Acceptance on Chocolate Drink Made with a Mixture of Commercial Cocoa Powder and Unfermented Cocoa Powder
Authors: Cempaka Laras , Emir Abdul Hakim Tubagus , David Wayudi
Published: September 2021

Cocoa is one of the foods that contains polyphenol-rich compounds that act as antioxidants. The processing of cocoa into chocolate products generallycauses a decrease in the number of polyphenols. In the development of chocolate beverage products, it is necessary to evaluate sensory evaluation. The purposeof this study was to determine consumer acceptance, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of chocolate drinks made from commercial cocoa powderadded with unfermented cocoa powder. Seventy-five panellist (17-23 years old) contributed to the consumer acceptance of four samples of chocolate drinks witha ratio of commercial cocoa powder: unfermented cocoa powder = 100%:0%, 90%:10%, 80%:20%, 70%:30%. The sample than was analyzed for its antioxidantactivity using the ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content using the Folin-Ciocalteau method. The results showed that the sample witha composition of 100% commercial fermented cocoa had the highest value on each sensory attribute. It had the highest TPC (321.235 mg gallic acid equivalent),antioxidant activity (982 ppm), and inhibition percentage (46%), respectively. Addition of the unfermented cocoa powder composition showed a decrease in the level ofconsumer preference. However, the addition did not significantly affect the total phenolic content, but slightly increased the antioxidant activity. The use of unfermentedcocoa powder for mixing components that are not processed standardly has not been well received by consumers, proper processing of unfermented cocoa powderis required if the polyphenol compound is desired.
Online Fake News, Indonesia Law and Islamic Perspective
Authors: Yanti Zikra
Published: September 2021

The effects of internet use bring with it many negative aspects linked to online fake news in Indonesia. Indonesia's fight against the spread of online fake news has been going on for many years. However, in 2017, the country experienced the biggest challenges in the bid to battle and resolve the rise of post-truth politics in the country. In addition, the spread of fake news in Islam is prohibited and perspectives from Islamic law equally discouraged the same. There is no harm in making gossip focused on sharing real experiences and emotions but Islam forbids any information being made with the intention of spreading rumors or falsehood. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to discuss online fake news based on Indonesia Law and Islamic Perfectives. The study conducts descriptive analytical literature review methods without using a basic assumption or proposition. Also, the literature used by the author for data collection includes primary and secondary sources from previous studies, such as publications, reference books, online news verification; and ayahs from Qur’an & Hadith that are centered on Indonesia Cyber Crime Law Settings. Cybercriminal offense governed in Law No. 11 Year 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions (UUITE) relating to online fake news item number one: criminal offenses involved in illegal activities, such as: distribution or propagation, transmission, unavailability of illegal content, including: ethics (Article 27[1] UUITE), gambling (Article 27 [2] UUITE); disrespect or defamation (Article 27 [3] UUITE); outrage or threats (Article 27 [4] UUITE), hoax manipulating and damaging customers (Article 28 [1] UUITE); creates a sense of ethnic hostility-based bigotry (Article 28 [2] UUITE). Equally, online fake news is also not allowed in Islam and that is evident in some ayahs stated in the Qur’an, which among are: Qur’an (49:6) & (24:15). Since online fake news has to do with spreading lie, falsehood, rumors and gossips, Islam condemns all kinds of deceit. Therefore, spreading rumors should not be treated as trivial or casual nor be encouraged as a form entertainment due to the high concerns it can raise and its far-reaching implications.
Lócus de enunciação e coletivo mexicano Batallones femeninos: cartografando uma pedagogia decolonial no Sul Global
Authors: Tiba Rádis Baptista Lívia Márcia
Published: September 2021

Neste texto, a partir de uma perspectiva decolonial (BALLESTRIN, 2013; BERNARDINO-COSTA; MALDONADO Torres; grosfoguel 2019) e consoante com as epistemologias do Sul (SANTOS, 2019; 2010; 1995; MENESES, 2008), defendemos o lócus de enunciação (BERNARDINO-COSTA; GROSFOGUEL, 2016; FIGUEIREDO; GROSFOGUEL, 2010; GROSFOGUEL, 2006; 2010) como crucial para a definição de práticas e atitudes decoloniais. Neste sentido, argumentamos que o lócus de enunciação materializa uma práxis contrária à ordem hegemônica estabelecida, tornando-se um espaço de práticas e ações que impulsionam pedagogias decoloniais (WALSH, 2013; MOTA NETO; STRECK, 2019). Em primeiro lugar, apresentamos nosso entendimento acerca do lócus de enunciação, enfatizando-o como um espaço catalizador e potencializador de discursos e práticas de linguagem que reconfiguram o espaço enunciativo do Sul Global com reverberações sob a forma de práticas decoloniais. Posteriormente, tornamos mais visíveis as práticas de linguagem que se projetam desde o lócus enunciativo, particularizando o cenário da fronteira Norte do México e, em concreto, o coletivo Batallones Femeninos que, por meio de um conjunto de práticas de linguagem disseminadas em mídias diversas, fazem frente as múltiplas colonialidades do ser, poder e saber (QUIJANO, 2005).
Consumers’ perceptions and behavior toward food waste across countries
Authors: Heng Yan , House Lisa
Published: September 2021

Food waste has become a global issue that has received increased attention. Food waste at the household level is a major source of food loss in developed countries. While culture is an important factor shaping people’s behavior, comparison of food waste behaviors across countries and regions are still limited. This study uses primary data covering the US, Canada, the UK, and France to understand and compare consumers’ food waste behaviors. While we found some common drivers for food waste behavior appliable to all countries, such as age, eating away from home, and using expiration dates, we confirmed that consumers behave significantly different across countries. For example, personal factors such as employment status, household size, and environmental concerns are only found significant in certain countries. Similarly, while convenience-driven consumers tend to waste more across countries, only European consumers who are price and advertising conscious tend to increase their food waste frequency. Moreover, many well-known food waste prevention actions, such as making a shopping list, preserving and freezing food, and being willing to consume leftovers, only appear to work in certain countries.
Peran Promosi Kesehatan Dalam Edukasi Tenaga Kesehatan Di Masa Pasca Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Tanah Laut
Authors: Hidayat Mahyuni , Mahalayati Bornea Retno , Sadikin Hanil , Kurniawati Marhaeni Fajar
Published: September 2021

Sejak ditetapkan oleh World Health Organisation (WHO) sebagai pandemic global, maka perlu keseriusan dalam penanganan virus Covid-19 ini. Promosi Kesehatan (Promkes) adalah salah satu langkah strategis yang harus dilakukan dalam menyebarluaskan informasi dan mengedukasi kemasyarakat tentang pencegahan dan penanganan Covid-19. Tenaga kesehatan sebagai ujung tombak dalam pelayanan kegiatan Promosi Kesehatan (Promkes) sangat dibutuhkan terlebih dalam masa pasca vaksinasi Covid-19. Dengan pemberian promkes yang benar akan meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap vaksinasi dan lebih memotivasi masyarakat dalam berdisiplin menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Dokter memiliki posisi strategis dalam kegiatan Promkes di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama (FKTP) melalui pemberian komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi saat melakukan tatalaksana pasien maupun dalam manajemen kegiatannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan peran tenaga kesehatan dalam kegiatan Promkes edukasi di FKTP pasca vaksinasi Covid-19. Penelitian deskriptif dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Maret 2021 dengan jumlah responden 30 tenaga kesehatan dokter di FKTP yang bekerjasama dengan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan (BPJSK) meliputi Puskesmas, Klinik Pratama, maupun praktik dokter perorangan di Kecamatan Pelaihari, Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Data diambil melalui pengisian kuesioner, wawancara dan observasi, selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif. Gambaran keterlibatan dokter dalam pelaksanaan promkes pasca vaksinasi Covid-19 adalah sebanyak 98% telah melaksanakan promkes di FKTP, 82% melakukan promkes kepada semua pasien, 90% melaksanakan perencanaan promkes, dan konsisten dalam pelaksanaannya, 72% melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi, hanya 16% yang melakukan pengkajian data dalam perencanaan.
Tangggung Jawab Maskapai Penerbangan Terhadap Penumpang Terkait Kebijakan Covid-19 Yang Tercantum Dalam Permenhub 25 Tahun 2020
Authors: Hanisa Salsabila , Suparto Susilowati , Handayani Tri
Published: September 2021

Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan terhentinya operasional penerbangan dengan diterbitkannya Kebijakan COVID-19 yaitu Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Republik Indonesia Nomor PM 25 Tahun 2020 tentang Pengendalian Transportasi selama masa mudik Idul Fitri Tahun 1441 Hijriah dalam Rangka Penyebaran COVID-19. Dampak dari peristiwa ini adalah terjadi kerugian bagi Pihak Maskapai sehingga seluruh Pihak Maskapai seperti Maskapai Citilink, Air Asia, dan Garuda Indonesia membuat kebijakan refund (pengembalian uang tiket) dalam bentuk voucher perjalanan. Namun, voucher tersebut tidak dapat diuangkan melainkan berupa credit account yang ditukar dengan pemesanan penerbangan baru dengan maskapai yang sama namun pada tanggal berbeda. Pengembalian uang tiket ini banyak mendapat protes dari Pihak Penumpang dikarenakan berbeda dengan ketentuan pada Perjanjian Pengangkutan Udara. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis-normatif yang bertitik tolak dari data sekunder dengan menjalankan dua tahap penelitian, yakni penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Sebagai pendukung penelitian ini, data Primer didapatkan dari Perjanjian Pengangkutan Udara Maskapai Air Asia, Citilink, Garuda Indonesia dan wawancara langsung mengenai pengembalian uang tiket berbentuk voucher dengan pihak penumpang maskapai Air Asia, Citilink, dan Garuda Indonesia, dan Kementerian Perhubungan. Hasil Penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa Refund yang dilakukan oleh Pihak Maskapai dalam bentuk voucher diperbolehkan berdasarkan KUH Perdata dan Perjanjian Pengangkutan Udara karena telah ada kesepakatan sesuai dengan teori penerimaan dan teori kehendak sebuah penerimaan pada syarat sah perjanjian Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata serta refund tiket secara voucher yang diberikan Pihak Maskapai sesuai dengan nilai uang tiket yang Pihak Penumpang keluarkan karena dalam ketentuan pengembalian uang tiket harus dikembalikan 100%.
Pengaruh Online Customer Review dan Tagline Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Fashion Di Marketplace Shopee dengan Minat Beli SebagaI Variabel Intervening: Studi Pada Generasi Muda Surabaya
Authors: Haniscara Noky Ananda , Saino Saino
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dan menganalisis pengaruh online customer review dan tagline terhadap keputusan pembelian produk fashion di marketplace Shopee dengan minat beli sebagai variabel intervening. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah generasi muda Surabaya pengguna Shopee berjenis kelamin perempuan dan laki – laki. Penelitian ini berjenis deskriptif kuantitatif untuk teknik pengambilan sampelnya menggunakan purposive random sampling dengan responden berjumlah 100 generasi muda Surabaya yang merupakan pengguna Shopee. Sumber data menggunakan data primer berupa angket online melalui google form.Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur (analysis path), uji f dan koefisien determinasi, serta uji hipotesis (uji t) dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 25.
Analisis Kebutuhan Pemanfaatan Video Pembelajaran dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Profesional Guru PPKn Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Japar Muhammad , Suryaratri Ratna Dyah , Syarifa Syifa , Fadhillah Dini Nur , Djunaidi Djunaidi
Published: September 2021

Artikel ini menganalisis kebutuhan guru PPKn sebagai upaya meningkatkan kompetensi profesional dalam memanfaatkan teknologi dan informasi melalui video pembelajaran. Video pembelajaran menjadi salah satu bentuk pemanfaatan teknologi yang harus dimiliki guru terutama guru PPKn dalam rangka mendukung suksesnya pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) yang efektif dan efisien. Hal ini dikarenakan materi PPKn yang cenderung tekstual sehingga diperlukan media yang mampu meningkatkan perhatian dan minat belajar peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Data diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan dan kuesioner yang disebar kepada 116 guru PPKn SMA di berbagai sekolah yang ada di Indonesia. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 80% guru mengalami kesulitan untuk melibatkan peserta didik aktif dalam kegiatan PJJ. Selain itu, 78% guru mengalami kesulitan dalam membuat media pembelajaran untuk kegiatan PJJ. Sehingga, kebutuhan yang diperlukan oleh guru adalah pelatihan pemanfaatan video pembelajaran.
Inventory of fishery resources using participatory research approach in Mandovi Estuary in Central western coast of India
Authors:   ICAR-Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Old Goa-403 402, India, Sreekanth G.B. , Rivonkar P. ,   ICAR-Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Old Goa-403 402, India, Mayekar T.S. ,   ICAR-Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Old Goa-403 402, India, Giriyan A. ,   The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Southern Regional Centre (SRC), Alto- St. Cruz-403 005, India, D'souza F. ,   The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Southern Regional Centre (SRC), Alto- St. Cruz-403 005, India, Dourado S. ,   The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Southern Regional Centre (SRC), Alto- St. Cruz-403 005, India, Ingole B. ,   National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Vasco da Gama-403 802, India, Chakurkar E.B. ,   ICAR-Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Old Goa-403 402, India
Published: September 2021

Aim: The fisheries resources of Mandovi Estuary, along the central west coast of India were analysed for taxonomic, functional, feeding and population aspects and also to record and prepare an inventory on fish and shellfish species. Methodology: Finfish and shellfish taxa were monitored for four years (2016 to 2020) through surveys in small and regional markets, fishermen surveys, fishing gear samplings, telephonic interviews and photographs. Results: A total of 318 taxa are counted comprising of 169 (53.1%) demersal, 71 (22.3%) pelagic fish, 37 (11.6%), molluscan and 41 (12.9%) crustacean species. The community was dominated by marine immigrants and the freshwater types contributed least to the composition. In the inventory, majority of the resources were of commercial value and this category contributed 70% of total documented species. Even though detailed analyses were required, nearly 2% of the fauna appeared to be endemic to the region. Further, more than 30% species listed were data deficient. Out of 318 species, 10% were unknown in the Mandovi estuary. Interpretation: This data set comprehensively documents the finfish and shellfish diversity of Mandovi estuary from 2016 to 2020. The type of fish assemblage is briefly discussed focusing on the management of these resources in the estuary.
Study of physiological responses of Allium sativum to elevated CO2 and temperature
Authors:   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Shilongani- 782 002, India, Rahman N. , Das R. ,   Department of Crop Physiology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat- 785 013, India, Narzary B.D. ,   Department of Horticulture, SCCA, Dhubri-783 376, India, Phookan D.B. ,   Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785 013, India, Saikia A. ,   Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785 013, India, Alam S. ,   Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785 013, India
Published: September 2021

Aim: The present investigation was undertaken to study the response of some garlic varieties of Allium sativum under different ambient and elevated CO2 and temperature conditions in order to investigate the physiological responses under changing climatic condition. Methodology: A two factorial CRD experiment was conducted for two years with four varieties of Allium sativum (Ekfutia Assam, Assam Local, Bhima Omkar and Bhima Purple) under four atmospheric regimes [T1= Ambient CO2 and temperature; T2= Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-I (400 ppm CO2 + 2oC higher than ambient); T3 = Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-II (550 ppm CO2 + 4oC higher than ambient); T4 = Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-III (700 ppm CO2 + 6oC higher than ambient)]. Major changes in physiological parameters of the varieties were recorded in Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-II as compared to ambient condition. The rate of photosynthesis was measured on fully expanded youngest leaves of each sample plant using a portable Infrared Gas Analyzer. Results: The mean photosynthetic rate of all four varieties grown over two years was 13.43% higher in Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-II over varieties grown for two consecutive years under Ambient CO2 and temperature. However, high CO2 concentration and temperature stress significantly reduced the stomatal conductance approximately by 27.48%. Interpretation: The results of this study gives a comprehensive analysis of garlic varieties under four different climatic conditions of CO2 and temperature and revealed that Ekfutia Assam and Assam Local and garlic varieties Bhima Omkar and Bhima Purple were promising varieties as they responded significantly to elevated CO2 and temperature regimes. This may provide some critical inputs for optimizing the strategies in future farming and farming opportunities of this commercially and medicinally important crop under changing climatic conditions.
Integration of salicylic acid, vermicompost and bioagent for effective management of chickpea wilt disease
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur-848 125, India, Sahni S. , Kumar S. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur-848 125, India, Prasad B.D. ,   Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur- 813 210, India
Published: September 2021

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of integration of salicylic acid, vermicompost and bioagent for effective management of chickpea wilt disease. Methodology: The effectiveness of salicylic acid and ZnSO4 unaided and in combination with Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and vermicompost were evaluated against Fusarium wilt of chickpea under natural condition. Three sets of experiment with nine treatments were conducted in earthen pots in completely randomized design. Ten seeds of wilt susceptible chickpea variety JG 62 were sown. Twenty-days-old plants were sprayed with salicylic acid (Set I), ZnSO4 (Set II) and distilled H2O (Set III). After 24 hr of foliar spray, the whole set of treatment was inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri inoculums, except uninoculated control. The number of wilted seedlings in each pot for each treatment were recorded at 10, 20 and 30 days post-inoculation (dpi) and compared with uninoculated pots. Results: The combined effect of vermicompost amendment @15% and pre-inoculation treatment of salicylic acid showed 0.00, 6.67 and 6.67% wilt incidence whereas treatments having ZnSO4 as pre-inoculation foliar spray resulted in 0.00, 13.33 and 13.33% wilt incidence at 10, 20 and 30 dpi, respectively. Further, the combined treatment of 15% vermicompost along with seed bacterization and pre-inoculation foliar spray of salicylic acid showed complete protection against F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri. The beneficial effect of vermicompost and PGPR isolate on root and shoot length, and fresh and dry weight of chickpea plants were also observed. Interpretation: High potential for integrating vermicompost, bioagent and foliar application of salicylic acid to surrogate chemical fungicides for eco-friendly and sustainable management of wilt disease in chickpea.
Molecular characterization of intraspecific variations in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) populations across India
Authors:   Department of Applied Agriculture, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur- 231 001, India, Chakravarty S. , Padwal K.G. ,   Department of Applied Agriculture, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur- 231 001, India, Srivastava C.P. ,   Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, India
Published: September 2021

Aim: The present study was undertaken to explore the genetic diversity among Helicoverpa armigera populations from varied geographic regions of India using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene fragments. Methodology: The larval specimens of H. armigera collected from 20 locations were subjected to DNA extraction, PCR amplification of target gene, sequencing and then multiple sequence alignments. Results: Based on COI sequence data, high levels of genetic differentiation among some H. armigera populations were detected, but divergence existing was not high enough to delineate them as separate species. The Indian population as a whole exhibited similarity with global genetic assemblage. Significant negative neutrality test indices and unimodal mismatch distribution further supported that this insect experienced a demographic expansion in the past. The phylogenetic tree and median-joining haplotype network indicated that genetic similarity was not related with geographic proximity of populations. Interpretation: Differences based on genetic analyses indicate considerable subspecific level variations among H. armigera populations of India. However, there is no existence of any unidentified cryptic species of H. armigera in the country.
Survey of bee friendly flowering plants and bee-plant interaction in an urban green space in Bengaluru, India
Authors:   Departments of Zoology and Genetics, Jyoti Nivas College Autonomous, Bengaluru-560 095, India, Bhatta V.R. , Kumar A.N. ,   Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem-636 011, India
Published: September 2021

Aim: To study bee friendly plant species, nutritional sources, flowering season, and the dynamic relationship between urban flora and native bee species in a centrally located urban green space in Bengaluru, India. Methodology: Flowers of different plant species visited by bees were observed and recorded from September 2018 to August 2019. Based on the foraging pattern of visiting bees, the plants were classified into nectar or pollen or both nectar and pollen species. The monthly abundance of nutritional resources was estimated based on the floral phenology. Results: A total of 51 plant species, from 25 families, were visited by bees for foraging. Polylectic social bees namely Apis florea and Tetragonula iridipennis, visited 45 and 39 plant species, and two species of solitary bees, namely Amigella cingulate and Xylocopa violacea, visited 26 and 23 plant species, respectively. The urban green landscape was dominated by a variety of ornamental plants (49%) and also included vegetables (17.6%), fruit trees (13.7%), and weeds (19.6%). Plants that served as a source of both nectar and pollen (60.8%) were predominant over those that supplied either nectar alone (24.5%) or pollen alone (13.7%). Moreover, 72% of the species bloomed all the year round, which meant that floral resources were available to bees throughout the year. Interpretation: The study underscores the role of bee friendly floral diversity in the urban green spaces in protection and conservation of bee diversity. Efficient management of urban green spaces can provide dynamic habitat for bee conservation and can prevent the loss of biodiversity.
N.V. Gogol’s Works and Censorship
Authors: Vinogradov Igor A.
Published: September 2021

For the first time, an analytical review of all, without exception, censorship stories of N.V. Gogol’s works is presented. An objective picture of Gogol's relationship with the censorship is being recreated. The findings of the study allow, with good reason, to judge about the interference of censors in the writer's works in a fundamentally different way, in comparison with the ideas offered by literary criticism of the previous period without solid evidence. Based on a thorough analysis, involving numerous archival sources, the common, stereotypical opinions about the extremely negative role of censorship in Gogol’s fate are being revised. The most significant negative result among all censorship interventions in Gogol's works was the activity of the censor of Westernizing views, opposed to the government, a professor at St. Petersburg University, A.V. Nikitenko. It is the numerous reductions of Nikitenko, И.А. Виноградов. Произведения Н .В. Гоголя и цензура 255 a friend of V.G. Belinsky, in Gogol's religious and patriotic book “Selected Passages from Correspondence with Friends” that the writer called “censorship murder”. No less significant was the intervention of the liberal censor in the texts of “Dead Souls”, “Theatrical Travel after the Presentation of a New Comedy” and other works of the writer. It is concluded that, with the exception of this “intrigue” against Gogol by the censor Nikitenko, on the whole Gogol's texts encountered relatively insignificant difficulties in censorship.
Bibliography of N.M. Minsky’s Works. Parts 2–3
Authors: Sapozhkov Sergei V.
Published: September 2021

This publication is the second and third parts of the bibliography of the famous poet, playwright, critic, translator Nikolai Minsky (1855/1856–1937). The second part reflects individual poetry collections, religious and philosophical works and collections of articles by Minsky, as well as his plays, letters, memoirs and translations. In a separate section, it was decided to allocate essays and reports published in the newspaper “Utro Rossii” for 1909–1917 and published under the headings “Letters from Paris” and “Paris (French) Diary”. This part of the bibliography is annotated. The abstracts contain a complete list of lifetime reviews and critical responses, and, if necessary, briefly disclose the content of the publications. The third part contains a bibliography of scientific critical literature about Minsky, as well as information about the publication of the memoirs, diaries and letters of contemporaries, which, in the compiler’s opinion, contain valuable information about Minsky’s life and work. A separate section of the bibliography presents reference books containing biographical articles on Minsky’s life and work. The third part also includes editions of theses about Minsky, defended mainly in 1990–2020.
Trocando as lentes sobre a escola In/Exclusão em tempo de pandemia
Authors: Sala José Blanes , Pinto William Vinicius
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho de investigação estabelece a relação entre a medida socioeducativa em meio aberto e a escola, especificamente, no período da Pandemia da COVID-19 e promove uma análise e reflexão crítica sobre a estrutura da instituição escolar. A questão central é o lugar da escola desde a ótica dos adolescentes que estão sob a égide do Sistema de Justiça Juvenil - Socioeducativo. A pesquisa tomou como referência a pedagogia social espanhola e as obras de Paulo Freire, Pedagogia do Oprimido e Pedagogia da Autonomia. Realizou-se uma entrevista on-line e coletiva com o uso da plataforma Google Meet, participando de forma síncrona, os adolescentes em regime de restrição de liberdade em cumprimento de liberdade assistida, durante o período de uma hora e quarenta minutos. O resultado desse estudo proporciona a ruptura com o paradigma tradicional do que é a escola e, ao trocar as lentes, possibilita reconhecê-la de outro ponto de vista.
Análisis de tendencias climáticas con RClimdex en el departamento de Caldas, Colombia
Authors: Ocampo López Olga Lucía , Vélez Upegui Jorge Julián , Marín Salazar Jenny Paola , Forero Hernández Angie Tatiana
Published: September 2021

La presente investigación buscó establecer la existencia de tendencias en los índices extremos climáticos para el departamento de Caldas.  Los resultados se obtuvieron a partir del análisis de series históricas con un registro superior a 30 años, 55 en el caso del estudio de las variables asociadas a precipitación y 10 en el caso de la variable temperatura. El análisis se realizó mediante la herramienta RClimdex, con la cual se identificó la presencia de tendencias crecientes y decrecientes, en aquellas estaciones que presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P Values < 0,10) en los indicadores climáticos evaluados.  Este análisis de tendencias de variables climatológicas permite asegurar con un nivel de confianza del 90% que en el departamento podría presentarse un aumento, tanto en la cantidad precipitación como en la duración de los periodos húmedos, pero se concluye que es necesario el fortalecimiento de la red de estaciones en el territorio, con el fin de generar análisis de mayor cobertura, dado que es evidente la ausencia de series históricas en las subregiones Magdalena Caldense, Occidente Próspero y Alto Occidente.
Enhancing glutamine production by optimising the GS-GOGAT pathway in Corynebacterium glutamicum and NH4+-limited fermentation
Authors: Liu Yunpeng , Li Lanxiao , Wang Jinduo , Xu Qingyang
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The GS-GOGAT pathway is a key metabolic pathway of glutamate
and glutamine. Optimising this pathway, leading to metabolic flux to
glutamine, can increase glutamine production and reduce the production
of the by-product glutamate. The
NH-limited fermentation process
limits the concentration of NH to
increase the activity of GS and further increase the yield of glutamine.
The GS-GOGAT pathway was optimised by knocking out the GOGAT genes
NCgl0181 and NCgl0182 and the glutaminase genes
NCgl2395 and NCgl2500 and by integrating a copy of the GS
gene glnAbsu from Bacillus subtilis and a copy of the
glutamine synthase gene glnAlcb from Lactobacillus
acidophilus into the genomic NCgl0182 and NCgl2500 sites.
Furthermore, the pXT01 plasmid with the strong promoter tuf was used to
overexpress glnAbsu and glnAlcb. To obtain an optimal
NH-limited fermentation process, the
effects of starting feeding with
(NH)SO at different
times of fermentation and three
(NH)SO feeding
strategies on glutamine fermentation were studied, and a
NH-limited fermentation process that
was the most suitable for glutamine fermentation was determined. After
optimising the GS-GOGAT pathway, Corynebacterium glutamicum G-6
was subjected to the NH-limited
fermentation process to greatly increase the production of glutamine.
The yield of glutamine reached 98.7 g/L, which was 104.8% higher than
that in the original strain GM34; the content of glutamate reached 4.5
g/L, which then decreased by 85.2%; the GS activity increased
significantly, and the sugar-acid conversion rate reached 41.2%.
Uniform decay rates of a Bresse thermoelastic system in the whole space
Authors: Afilal Mounir , Feng Baowei , Soufyane Abdelaziz
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we investigate the decay properties of the thermoelastic
Bresse system in the whole space. We consider many cases depending on
the parameters of the model and we establish new decay rates. We need to
mention here that, in some cases we don’t have the regularity-loss
phenomena as in the previous works in the literature. To prove our
results, we use the energy method in the Fourier space to build a very
delicate Lyapunov functionals that give the desired results.
Homology of polyomino tilings on flat surfaces
Authors: Lidjan Edin , Baralic Ðordje
Published: September 2021

The homology group of a tiling introduced by M. Reid is studied for certain topological tilings. As in the planar case, for finite square grids on topological surfaces, the method of homology groups, namely the non-triviality of some specific element in the group allows a "coloring proof" of impossibility of a tiling. Several results about the non-existence of polyomino tilings on certain square-tiled surfaces are proved in the paper.
Women’s activism in India: Negotiating secularism and religion
Authors: Bakic-Hayden Milica
Published: September 2021

In post-independence India secularism was almost taken for granted as a
defining feature of the women?s movement with its rejection of the public
expression of religious and caste identities. However, already by the 1980s,
the assumption that gender could be used as a unifying factor was
challenged, revealing that women from different social (class/caste) and
religious backgrounds understand and sometime use their identities in ways
that are not driven necessarily by some ideology (such as feminism or human
rights), but by more immediate concerns and even opportunism. This
realization opened up a debate about new strategies to tackle women?s
activism, especially in light of aggressive political activism of some women
associated with right-wing parties in India, which has clearly shattered the
perception, held by some, of women as inherently peace-loving, whose gender
identity would override their caste and religious belonging.
Isolation with rubber dam: Knowledge, training and attitudes of final year dental students
Authors: Milanovic Milena , Dimitrijevic Maja , Juloski Jelena , Juloski Jovana
Published: September 2021

Background/Aim. Good undergraduate education is necessary to overcome the reluctance of dentists to use the rubber dam (RD). The aim of the study was to assess dental students? knowledge, training skills, attitudes, and opinions concerning the use of RD in order to isolate an operation field. Methods. A 34-item original questionnaire was distributed to 130 final-year students of the Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade. The questions were divided into four segments: general information, RD-related knowledge and training skills, opinions and attitudes regarding the use of RD, and opinions on the intended future use of RD. Results. All students confirmed that they had theoretical lessons about RD and that its advantages were pointed out. During practical courses, 34% of students observed RD placement and 10% of them placed RD on their own or with assistance. Most (88%) of the students did not feel capable of using RD on their own. Less than half of the students (38%) believed that adequate isolation of the operating field is possible without RD. Sixty-four percent of students considered that RD was not uncomfortable for the patients. More than half of the students were willing to use RD in their future practice. Almost all of them planned to gain additional postgraduate training with RD. Conclusion. Students have solid theoretical knowledge about RD; they are aware of its importance and have a positive attitude toward RD use. However, their practical training and skills are poor and insufficient for independent RD use in order to isolate an operation field.
What Regulates Basal Insulin Secretion and Causes Hyperinsulinemia?
Authors: Corkey Barbara E. , Deeney Jude T. , Merrins Matthew J.
Published: September 2021

We hypothesize that basal hyperinsulinemia is synergistically mediated by an interplay between increased oxidative stress and excess lipid in the form of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and long-chain acyl-CoA esters (LC-CoA). In addition, ROS production may increase in response to inflammatory cytokines and certain exogenous environmental toxins that mislead β-cells into perceiving nutrient excess when none exists. Thus, basal hyperinsulinemia is envisioned as an adaptation to sustained real or perceived nutrient excess that only manifests as a disease when the excess demand can no longer be met by an overworked β-cell. In this article we will present a testable hypothetical mechanism to explain the role of lipids and ROS in basal hyperinsulinemia and how they differ from glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). The model centers on redox regulation, via ROS, and S-acylation–mediated trafficking via LC-CoA. These pathways are well established in neural systems but not β-cells. During GSIS, these signals rise and fall in an oscillatory pattern, together with the other well-established signals derived from glucose metabolism; however, their precise roles have not been defined. We propose that failure to either increase or decrease ROS or LC-CoA appropriately will disturb β-cell function.
A Rare, Recurrent Spindle Cell Lipoma of the Nose
Authors: Kubin Minna E. , Laanto Ulla , Lindgren Outi , Tasanen Kaisa
Published: September 2021

Abstract is missing (Short communication)
Bearing capacity calculation of eccentrically compressed concrete filled steel tube columns taking into account non-linear diagrams of materials
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Vedernikova A. A. , Opbul Eh. K. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: September 2021

The article provides an example of practical calculation of eccentrically compressed steel tube confined concrete using a nonlinear deformation model taking into account the standard deformation diagrams of materials. The calculation was performed on the example of a test specimen made of concrete filled steel tube (steel tube confined concrete) using the method of sequential approximation based on iterative procedures. The nonlinear method is aimed at making deformation assessment of the element bearing capacity by searching for the calculated deformation at particular points of the normal section at its maximum curvature and comparison with the standard admissible values. The task of iterative calculations is assessing the value of the maximum curvature of eccentrically compressed steel tube confined concrete which is under the action of a longitudinal compressive force. The basic calculation formulas are given. Comparison with the results of numerical and analytical calculations has shown a good convergence.
建構道教器官捐贈現代教義詮釋
Authors: YU Ding Ching
Published: September 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

道教以不老不死成仙為終極關懷。隨著科學發展和宗教互涉，部份道派已放棄今世肉體永活的基要信仰，轉而信奉輪迴轉世，但是道教生命觀仍然重視身體的保養和修煉，如何在古老成仙終極關懷和現代器官捐贈議題中取得平衡，需要重新詮釋教義。然而，道教教義縱向有時代轉變，橫向有派別不同，必須整體綜觀才能抽取其中必要而共通的元素，繼而以之思考器官捐贈的議題。因此，下文將梳理歷代道經文獻，應用宗教現象學的概念，系統分析主要道派對器官捐贈的可能態度及成因，並提出器官捐贈的教義現代詮釋以供參考：現今道教普遍依然相信人生是樂，追求延壽消災，正一道全真道等主要派別均信奉星斗信仰經典，因此其中《太上玄靈斗姆大聖元君本命延生心經》的身體觀可視為共通教義，它將輪迴主體定位於人體中心，按現代醫學大可定義為腦髓，活體或遺體器官捐贈， 因此均不會對捐贈者或受贈者的轉世投胎有負面影響。而且，道教善於向社會主流道德倫理價值觀屈服，現今維護人權和同理心均是全球主流道德倫理價值觀。活體器官捐贈可利益他人活命或有善功以助成仙，但也或會阻礙自身修行進程，如何抉擇應尊重個人的主動性意願。

The ultimate concern of the Daoist religion is becoming an immortal with eternal youth. Yet with the influence of modern scientific development and increasing interactions between different religions, some Daoist sects have given up the old doctrine of immortality and replaced it with the Buddhist tenet of reincarnation. Nevertheless, Daoism is facing a moral dilemma between its deeply held idea of the somatic cultivation of the body and the modern idea of organ donation. In this paper, the author interprets Daoist texts through the lens of phenomenology of religion and explores the possible reconciliation between traditional Daoist practice and the practice of organ donation. The paper shows that different Daoist sects hold different opinions, but that in general, Daoism grants agency regarding the decision to the individual practitioner.
The specific development of piano technique at secondary educational institutions of China and Russia: comparative analysis
Authors: Qiuyue Chen
Published: September 2021

The research object is the process of developing piano technique among students of secondary educational institutions (schools and colleges) in China and Russia. The article substantiates the methodological aspects of forming finger actions of college students necessary for performing musical pieces and dwells on the professional training of pianists in music academies of China and Russia. The authors of the article have drawn a number of conclusions. The work on musical technique in the Chinese secondary educational institutions is divided into several stages. Each stage focuses on the repetition of technical exercises and rote memorization. Western teachers consider this approach to learning unproductive, but it corresponds to such Chinese personality traits as diligence, hard work and perseverance. The article discusses effective teaching methods that allow the Chinese colleges to achieve high results in the professional training of pianists.