bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Green Concrete Containing Ternary High Volume SCMs and its In-situ Application
Authors: Youm Kwangsoo
Published: February 2013

Recently, the use of cement-less concrete containing high volumes of fly ash, and GGBFS instead of purely Portland cement is increasing recently in Korea to reduce energy consumption and the embodied CO2 of structures.

However, as the contents of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) increase within the concrete binder, so the early-age compressive strength within 14 days is usually less than normal concrete. In order to improve this early-age compressive strength, a green concrete was developed containing two types of high volume SCMs, such as maximum 70% of GGBFS and fly ash below 40% of total content, to replace cement content using an acceleration chemical admixture.

Adiabatic temperature rise tests were conducted to evaluate the thermal and low-heat properties of green concrete with various cement and SCMs content suitable for mass concrete structures.

Recently this green concrete containing only 20% cement and 80% SCMs was applied for the placement of in-situ mass foundations of both buildings and bridges.
Bamboo-concrete Composite Slabs
Authors: Morgenthal Guido , Timmler Hans-Georg
Published: February 2013

Bamboo is a natural material that is highly sustainable and has very favourable material properties, specifically high longitudinal strength and low density. This paper presents a new concept for the use of bamboo that specifically exploits its high tensile strength. Half-shells of bamboo rods are covered by concrete to form a composite beam or slab where the bamboo is used in tension and the concrete in compression. The paper discusses the main concepts, analyses, lab tests and possible applications of these novel elements.
Modelling of truck traffic for long span bridges
Authors: Hwang Eui-seung , Lee Ki-Tae , Kim Do-Young
Published: February 2013

This paper deals with the development of live load model for long span bridges. New live load model reflects truck traffic in Korea using Weigh-In-Motion system that was installed on the road with the heaviest truck traffic volume. By using collected WIM data, various truck traffic scenarios are assumed. To analyze the load effect, typical long span bridge such as a suspension bridge and a cable stayed bridge are modelled. Based on traffic scenarios, equivalent uniformly distributed load are calculated and loaded to the selected bridge. The results of load effects are compared with other load model in internationally renowned design code such as AASHTO LRFD, Honshu-Shikoku bridge design code and existing Korea Bridge Design Code. Based on the results of analyses, new live load model for long span bridges is proposed.
Seismic Response of Reinforced Concrete Frames on Pile Foundations
Authors: Dezi Francesca , Carbonari Sandro , Gara Fabrizio , Leoni Graziano
Published: February 2013

The paper focus on the effects of soil-structure interaction on the seismic response of reinforced concrete frames founded on piles. The substructure method is adopted and 6-storeys 3-bays frames founded on 3 different two-layered soil deposits are considered. For each soil deposit two foundation typologies are adopted: mono-pile and double-pile foundations. Soil-structure interaction effects on the seismic nonlinear response of the structures are evaluated by means of incremental dynamic analyses. Results are compared with those achieved from fixed base analyses demonstrating that soil-structure interaction effects are more evident for moderate earthquakes, inducing early structural damages, and for soft soil deposits. The mono-pile foundation, suitably designed in conjunction with stiff tie-beams, is able to guarantee an efficient degree of restraint at the base of columns, comparable with that provided by the double-pile foundation.
Seismic Response Prediction of Base Isolated Multi-Span Highway Bridge With Different Modeling Techniques for Lead Rubber Bearings.
Authors: Razzaq Muhammad Kashif , Okui Yoshiaki , Mitamura Hiroshi , Imai Takashi
Published: February 2013

The effect of modeling of lead rubber bearings (LRBs) on seismic responses of the isolated bridge is evaluated by conducting nonlinear dynamic analyses. The model parameters used in the simulation have been identified from experimental measurements under room (+23oC) and low temperature (- 20oC) conditions. Three different analytical models of the isolation bearings (LRBs) are considered in simulation for comparison; the conventional bilinear model as specified by Japan Road Association (JRA) and American Association of State Highways and Transport Officials (AASHTO), a rheology model and a simplified model. The general rheology model considers the observed nonlinear elasto- plastic and viscosity induced rate-dependent behavior into account, while the viscosity effect is eliminated in the simplified version. A tri-linear hysteretic model is employed in the analysis for representing the nonlinear mechanical behavior of the concrete bridge pier. A numerical algorithm for solving the first order governing differential equation of the rheology model has been developed to implement the proposed models into a nonlinear dynamic analysis software. Six different strong ground motions of level-2 earthquake as recommended by JRA, applied in the longitudinal direction, are used in the analysis. The seismic response of an isolated bridge system is studied by comparing the rotation responses of the plastic hinge in concrete piers and shear strain responses at the top of the bearings for different modelling techniques of an isolation system. Finally, a comparative assessment of the bridge responses suggests that a careful selection of isolation bearing’s model considering rheology properties is vital for rational prediction of the seismic response of isolated bridge systems, particularly at low temperature condition.
Conceptual design of new super-span cable-stayed bridge
Authors: Hu Jia , Shao Xudong , Zhao Hua
Published: February 2013

This paper presents a conception of super-span cable-stayed bridge, namely, a cable-stayed bridge with partial ground-anchorage and cross stays, which is applicable for cable-stayed bridges with main span length around 1400 m. Its main characteristic is that the long stays cross with each other and are anchored in the ground anchor, resulting in little horizontal pressure force in the main girder. Compared with self-anchored cable-stayed bridge, this system has following significant advantages at structure aspect：(1) Horizontal pressure forces in the main girder caused by cables are greatly reduced; (2) As the cross stays can provide dual vertical supports and balance the horizontal forces with each other perfectly, the horizontal angle of long stays can be reduced and the height of tower will decrease to only about 1/5.6 of main span length. Moreover, advantages at economic aspect are as follows：(a) Steel consumption of the main girder and pylon will obviously reduce; (b) The configuration of anchor is about 30% of that of suspension bridge with similar main span. Study shows that cable-stayed bridge with partial ground-anchorage and cross stays is a competitive scheme for super span around 1400 m.
Evaluation of the current concrete design code on shear and end anchorage of deep beams by a limit analysis based on concrete plasticity
Authors: Choi Hosoon , Hong Sung-Gul , Lee Young Hak , Kim Heecheul , Kim Dae-Jin
Published: February 2013

The current ACI code provision on the shear strength of a simply supported deep beam and its end anchorage details suggests that deep beams should be designed using the strut-and-tie model provided in its appendix. Although this is a useful methodology to design members in disturbed regions, the quality of the design is highly dependent on the truss model that designers create. In this paper, we investigate the validity of the current ACI design code on these issues by comparing the estimates by the code with those of the shear equations proposed by Hong et al. (2002). The comparison shows that deep beam members designed by the ACI strut-and-tie model approach retain the shear strengths close to the values predicted by the shear strength equations, but its requirements on end anchorage details may be rather conservative.
Local Buckling Strength and its Statistical Information of Normal and Bridge High Performance Steel Plates
Authors: Dang Viet Duc , Okui Yoshiaki , Hagiwara Koichi , Nagai Masatsugu
Published: February 2013

The current Japanese design equation for load-carrying capacity of compressive steel plates is examined for four conventional steel grades and new bridge high performance steel grades SBHS500 and SBHS700. The analysis results of FEM plate models with initial imperfections show that the current Japanese design specification is un-conservative within the range 0.5<R<0.75 and over-conservative in the range R>0.8, where R is the slenderness parameter. Statistical distribution of the normalized compressive strength is obtained by means of Monte Carlo simulation in combination with the response surface which is obtained from sufficient number of FEM plate model analyses. Both initial out-of-plane displacement and residual stress are considered as sources of variability. The mean values of normalized compressive strength in this study are similar to those obtained from experimental tests [14]. The standard deviation of the current study exhibits about half of the experimental results [14] within the practical range 0.6<R<1.2.
Collapse and Repair of a Beam Support of the General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge, Crossing the Maracaibo Lake in Venezuela
Authors: Fargier Luis B.
Published: February 2013

The General Rafael Urdaneta (GRU) Bridge is one of the pioneering cable-stayed structures in the world and one of the largest in Latin America, extending over 8 kilometers. Designed by Riccardo Morandi, it opened to traffic in 1962. The main features of the bridge are the seven 240-meters cable-suspended spans. The rest of the structure is composed of 134 piers, supporting simple supported spans. Each of these consists of four prepressed girders, tied transversely by five diaphragms: two located at the ends of the beams and three evenly spaced within the span. It February 2010, a settlement of one of the simple supported spans was observed over Pier 27. After a visual inspection of the structure it was noticed that the support of one of the beams was out of place and the beam was “hanging” from the end diaphragm. An emergency retrofitting program was conducted, and the supports of the affected span were replaced. A portion of the deck had to be uplifted with flat-jacks which applied more than 200 tons to allow for the change of supports. This paper will present a description of the bridge, including the structure and foundations, the damaged caused by the loss of support of one girder and the retrofitting process.
DMSUS, Shape-Finding Program for Irregular Suspension Bridge
Authors: Cho Kyung Sik , Kim Changsoo , Kim Woo Jong
Published: February 2013

DMSUS, the 3-dimensional irregular suspension bridge analysis program, which can perform the shape-finding analysis and geometric nonlinear analysis, has been developed. In this program, TCUD (Target Configuration Under Dead loads) method which can overcome the drawbacks of the trial-and-error approach and the successive substitution method is adopted at cable-only system analysis and the initial force method which can control displacements of pylons and girders is adopted at total system analysis. Using this program, the designers can easily analyze the various types of suspension bridge like a single-pylon suspension bridge, an asymmetric-pylon suspension bridge, a multi-span suspension bridge and a suspension bridge including inclined pylons and hangers, etc. The accuracy and applicability of the developed program are demonstrated through numerical examples.
The influence of connections in concrete bridge superstructures made continuous using a high degree of precasted elements
Authors: De Pauw Bart , Van Bogaert Philippe
Published: February 2013

In most viaducts over railway or heavy road infrastructure, shortened construction periods are inevitable. This can be realized in using precasted isostatic elements. However, in urbanized and densely populated area, these solutions appear to be heavy due to a large construction height.

Nevertheless, these heights can be limited if the superstructure could be made continuous by post- tensioning cables. The paper investigates the influence of the connections being realized on site in post-tensioned superstructures consisting of a high degree of precasted elements. The connection can consist of a concrete part casted on site which could be post tensioned or of steel plates which are bolted or welded together and covered with concrete casted on site. The purpose of the investigation is to determine the influence of the connection regarding to the distribution of internal forces, the deformation and the influence on the losses of the post tensioned steel due to shrinkage, creep and relaxation. Also the influence of the height and width of the connection joint has been investigated by finite element modeling. Firstly a theoretical study was performed that mainly focused on the time depending effects of the two concrete phases. Secondly a finite elements study was performed that mainly focused on the geometry of the connection joint and whether it is necessary to model the geometry in a finite elements program.
Challenges and solutions for expansion joints on super long span bridges
Authors: Savioz Pascal , Spuler Thomas , O'Suilleabhain Colm
Published: February 2013

Exceptionally long bridges, designed and built by a construction industry that continues to push the boundaries of span and performance for such structures while at the same time always striving for greater cost-effectiveness, require carefully selected and detailed deck expansion joints. While it may be quickly concluded that joints of the modular type should be used, it is important to also be aware of the differences between the modular systems of different suppliers, and to entrust the design and manufacture of these key components only to a supplier that can demonstrate substantial experience in the specialised task of designing and manufacturing such components to satisfy the exceptionally demanding requirements of extraordinary bridges.
Yeosu Expo 2012 Big-O Project Especially about Water Stage Changes
Authors: Jung Suk-Rok , Kim Ho-Jun , Ok Su-Yeol
Published: February 2013

This paper describes introduction about Yeosu Expo 2012 Bio-O project and the changed water stage in detailed design. Water stage is very important as a place which represents purpose and subject of this fair. Therefore, it intends that purpose and subject of this fair are more effectively and precisely given by changing pier type water stage to floating structure in detailed design.
A Practical Fog Detection and Dissipating System for the Preventing Fog Hazards of the Long-Span Bridge
Authors: Lee SangHoon
Published: February 2013

A transportation development in recent years is quite remarkable. The occurrence and prediction of fog have been significant operational issues for quite some time, particularly with regard to transportation. A poor visibility arose from heavy fog and high vehicle speeds often causes terrible accidents such as Seohae grand bridge’s case at 2006 in Korea. Therefore, It is very important to quickly detect a fog occurrence, to notify users, and to practically be able to dissipate fog. In this study, we have proposed intelligent system to be aware of fog-occurrence, to deliver high intensity fog area and to operate fog-dissipating system at the long-span bridge. Well-tailored fog potential index can be provided to the two types of mobile application for the bridge’s manager and users. In the case of forecasting high intensity fog through calculated fog potential index, fiber net of far- infrared radiation is unfolded to hinder approaching fog and dissipate fog inside the bridge, which results in increasing more than 300m visibility distance capable to ordinarily drive. We expect this practical system to effectively respond fog hazards in the long span bridge, and have a plan to strengthen forecasting method through probabilistic analysis in the future.
Design, Full-scale Testing and CE Certification of Seismic Isolators According to the European Norm EN 15129
Authors: Mendez Carlos , Moor Gianni , O'Suilleabhain Colm
Published: February 2013

The increasing need for safer bridges and buildings in Europe has stimulated the development of the first European specifications for the design, manufacturing, and testing of anti-seismic devices, the European norm EN 15129. Among the great variety of anti-seismic devices, seismic isolators such as lead rubber bearings (LRB) and curved surface sliders (CSS) have found wide application in bridge and building structures. In order to reach the CE Certification according to EN 15129, a complete testing campaign has been carried out as specified by the European norm. Despite the demanding testing requirements in the new European norm, the results proved that the proposed design of the isolators successfully fulfilled the performance required for the CE Certification.
The Design and Construction of Nak-Dong River Bridge
Authors: Park JaeHyoung , Ko JaeHwan , Kim ChangHyun
Published: February 2013

Nak-Dong River Bridge is the first concrete cable stayed bridge with four pylons in Republic of Korea. It is 595m long with three 150m main spans. This bridge is designed as a Rahmen structure for structural effectiveness and easier maintenance. Two-cell box girders with FRP Struts are constructed by Form Traveller. 128 fan type stay cables are anchored at center web and erected by Multi-Strand method using light weight equipments. This bridge is under construction and is scheduled to be completed by 2012.
Design & Construction of the Trapezoidal Hanging Basket
Authors: Guo Guang Song , Li Guo Ming , Xia Zheng Zhi
Published: February 2013

Based on the construction of Lan Chaiwa Bridge, the paper introduces the load analysis, structure design, structure space finite element analysis calculation of the trapezoidal hanging basket applied on the main bridge cantilever concreting, and the practical application of the hanging basket. The analysis and design experience can provide reference for other similar structures.
Schematic Design of Pan-pipes Shape Pylon for Long-span Bridges
Authors: Yi Dutao , Shao Xudong , Li Lifeng , Hu Jianhua
Published: February 2013

It is well known that the vertical axial force in pylon of long-span cable-stayed bridge and suspension bridge is extremely large. To enhance the structural transverse stability, the crossbeams are generally positioned among the top of the towers. The paper presents an innovative pan-pipes shape pylon different from the traditional pylons. The pylon is composed of two separated main towers and several affiliated towers besides it. Two main towers of the pylon are connected by a crossbeam under rather than above the main girder (stiffening girder). Meanwhile, affiliated towers are positioned beside the main tower to guarantee the transverse stiffness of the structure. The number of the affiliated towers for each main tower and the height ratio among the towers are considered to guarantee the harmonious beauty of the whole pylon structure and the transverse stability of the main tower.
Numerical Approach to Evaluation of Bond Strength of Headed Bars
Authors: Hong Jin-Soo , Jung Hyung-Suk , Bae Baek-Il , Choi Chang-Sik
Published: February 2013

This paper presents the numerical approach to evaluation of bond strength of headed bars. Bond strength of headed bars reach its maximum before the head fully comes in to play and the bars undergoes significant slip, losing a major portion of its bond, while the head is fully bearing against the concrete. With average bond stress concept, reduced bond strength from splitting failure in that phenomenon cannot be properly described. Therefore local bond stress-slip relationship and numerical approach were used to calculate bond strength of headed bar. After local bond stress-slip model was made with 90 lap splice tests, bond strength of headed bars was calculated using same bond-slip algorithm and different boundary condition. The analytical results show a considerable difference in bond stress of headed bars with experimental results of previous studies. The cause of these results was under discussion in the last chapter.
A Study on Thermal Behaviour of Tube Structures for Super-speed Tube Railway System
Authors: Park Se-Jun , Ko Ki-Yong , Kim Sang-Hyo
Published: February 2013

This study mainly focused on the prediction of structural behaviour of concrete tube structure, by using various parameters including solar radiation, atmosphere temperature and wind velocity. The study is estimated by the analysis results using 80m simply supported and 80m two-span continuous beam tubes. The results revealed that the temperature load and the solar radiation are the most significant parameters in behaviour of the super-speed maglev train bridge.
Design and Construction of Main and Crescent Bridges in Palm Jebel Ali
Authors: Kim Jaehong , Kim Yeongseon , Yang Jongho , Kannaw Shrivatsa
Published: February 2013

This project, located in Palm Jebel Ali of Dubai, consists of the construction of two main sea bridges and two crescent sea bridges to connect artificial islands to the main land. Main bridges consist of M1 (1,200m, 4 lanes X 2) and M3 (1,450m, 4 lanes X 2). Main bridges have five continuous spans (5@50 = 250m) and their superstructure (precast box girder) were erected using a launching gantry. Crescent bridges consist of C1 (380m X 2) and C4 (380m X 2). Crescent bridges have eight continuous spans (40 + 6@50 + 40 = 380m) and their superstructure (cast-in-situ box girder) were constructed using a full staging method. Basic design specification of this project was AASHTO LRFD. Some of AASHTO LRFD requirements such as load and durability were modified to meet the client’s requirements. In addition, the Middle East regional conditions were also considered employing the standards and reports of British Standards and Port Customs and Free Zone Corporation, Civil Engineering Department (PCFC, CED). In this paper, general characteristics of main and crescent bridges have been explained first. Then, the technical specifications employed in this project have been briefly introduced. Useful information to the employment of design specification in the Middle East region is provided.
Local Bucklingand Inelastic behaviour of Flexural Members Fabricated from 800MPa Tensile-Strength Steel
Authors: Lee Cheol-Ho , Han Kyu-Hong
Published: February 2013

Flexural tests on full-scale I-shaped beams, built up from high-strength steels (HSB800 and HSA800) with a nominal tensile strength of 800 MPa, was carried out to study the effect of flange slenderness on flexural strength and rotation capacity. The primary objective was to investigate the appropriateness of extrapolating current stability criteria (originally developed for ordinary steel) to high-strength steel. The performance of high-strength steel specimens was very satisfactory from the strength, but not from the rotation capacity, perspective. The inferior rotation capacity of high- strength steel beams was shown to be directly attributable to the absence of a distinct yield plateau and the high yield ratio of the material. When a higher rotation capacity is required as in plastic design, the testing clearly showed that high-strength steel beams were vulnerable to brittle fracture when full-height transverse stiffeners were welded to the tension flange in the plastic hinge region. Residual stress measurements reconfirmed that the magnitude of the residual stress is almost independent of the yield stress of the base metal.
Symphysio-Fundal Height Measurement as a Means of Gestational Age Assessment in the Second Half of Pregnancy at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Adewale Folorunsho B , Ijaiya Munirdeen A
Published: February 2013

Background: Accurate determination of gestational age (GA) is an important part of obstetric care. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the reliability of symphsio-fundal height (SFH) measurement in assessing gestational age in the second half of pregnancy.Method: A total of 390 pregnant Nigerian women carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancies between the gestational age of 20-40 weeks had SFH measurements done at the antenatal clinic, and ultrasonic biparietal diameter (BPD) and femur length (FL) determination at the fetal assessment unit, maternity wing of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. The patients were followed up subsequently and managed till delivery. At delivery each baby was examined within the first 48 hours of life and gestational age at birth was assigned using the Ballard method. Result: Of the 390 patients studied, SFH correctly assessed GA in 80% compared to 81.3% for BPD (P = 0.43), 82.1% for FL (P = 0.41), 84.1% for BPD and FL (p = 0.35). There is no significant difference in the sensitivity of SFH 93.1% and ultrasound 97.9%. There is also no significant difference in the margin of error between the true gestational ages obtained by the two methods (SFH 15-41days Vs ultrasound 15-33days). Combined ultrasound parameters(BP & FL),FL, BPD and SFH were progressively less closely correlated with the age of the fetus assessed by Ballard method. Conclusion: This study showed that accurate measurement of the SFH is a reliable method of gestational age assessment in the second half of pregnancy DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i1.13751 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(1) : 3-9
The Incidence, Risk Factors and Common Foetal outcome of Chorioamnionitis in Women with Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane (PPROM): A Single Centre Study
Authors: Afza Nilufar Shameem , Nargis Waheeda , Ahamed Borhan Uddin , Sikder Nazmul Haq
Published: February 2013

Background and objective: The objective of this study was to detect the incidence of chorioamnionitis in PPROM and to evaluate the pattern of foetal outcome in these cases at a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. This study is also aimed to analyze the influence of the demographic variables predisposing to chorioamnionitis in PPROM in a locality. Materials and Methods: This single centre cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 pregnant women with preterm rupture of membranes at a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study group was divided according to the presence or absence of clinical chorioamnionitis defined as the presence of two or more of the following criteria: maternal temperature >38°C on two or more occasions ³1 h apart, maternal tachycardia (³120 beats/min), uterine tenderness, foul smelling amniotic fluid, maternal leukocytosis ³20,000 mm3 with bands and positive C reactive protein. Antibiotics and tocolysis were used according to the hospital protocols. Foetal outcome was measured on the basis of weight of the baby, and presence of infection (fever), Apgar score and neonatal death. Analysis was performed using SPSS-12. Results: In this study the rate of chorioamnionitis in PPROM was 25.4%.The chorioamnionitis was found to be frequent (57.1%) in younger age group between 1525 years while PPROM without chorioamnionitis was common (53.6%) among the age group between 2635 years. Lower socioeconomic class and history of previous PROM and D&C was commonly associated with chorioamnionitis though statistically insignificant (p>0.05). There were also no significant differences in mean birth weight, Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min, rates of respiratory distress syndrome, between patients with and without clinical chorioamnionitis. However, Majority of the babies born to mother with chorioamnionitis showed higher degree of very low birth weight and foetal infection. Neonatal deaths was also higher in the PPROM with chorioamnionitis as compared to the other (32.1% verses 24.3%), though statistically insignificant. In cases of clinical chorioamnionitis the neonates stayed longer in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Conclusion: The risk of chorioamnionitis in PPROM is relatively higher in our locality. Adverse foetal outcome is more frequent in patients with clinical chorioamnionitis in PPROM. Strategies should be developed to reduce the incidence of chorioamnionitis in PPROM and to ensure safer foetal outcomes in such cases. Regular prenatal care may prove as an effective tool in identification of high risk groups in this regard. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i1.13752 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(1) : 10-19
Follicular Response by using Letrozole alone or combination of Letrozole and Gonadotrophins in patients stimulated for IUI
Authors: Rahman F , Mahmud N , Chowdhury TA , Rahman RRB , Begum B
Published: February 2013

IUI with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation is a well known means to achieve pregnancy in unexplained and mild to moderate male factor infertility, which is also inexpensive, easy to perform as office procedure. The success rate is high.Objective: To assess the follicular response by Letrozole alone or by combination of Letrozole and Gonadotrophins in patients stimulated for IUI.Method: Prospective observational type of study.Place: CARE BIRDEM Time: 10th May 2010  31st December 2010Population: All the OPD patients of CARE who were selected for IUI during this period. Patients were divided into two age groups (<30 yrs and >30 yrs)Procedure: Ovulation induction was done by letrozole in one group, and combined letrozole and gonadotrophins in another group. Monitoring was done by TVS for 3 cycles.Result: Mean follicular number was 1.28±0.94 in letrozole and 3.37±0.87 in combined letrozole and gonadotrophins. No. of follicles >18mm was 12 pts (3.54±1.63) in letrozole, and 50 pts (3.44±1.93) in combined letrozole and gonadotrophins. Pregnancy/cycle was 12/77 (5.19%) in letrozole and 28/65 (14.3%) in combined letrozole and gonadotrophins.Conclusion: Number of mature follicle and pregnancy rate is higher in combined letrozole and gonadotrophins group than letrozole alone. There is no significant difference regarding follicular response and pregnancy rate in two age group DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i1.13755 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(1) : 20-26
Impairment of Renal Function in Eclampsia
Authors: Khan Fahmida , Rahman M Muhibur , Alam Kazi Shahnoor , Das Shila Rani
Published: February 2013

Objective: Aim of the study is to identify changes that occur in renal function in eclampsia patients and to determine the effect of impaired renal function on pregnancy outcome Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study on the impairment of renal function in eclamptic patients was carried out in the Eclampsia ward of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2009 to December 2009. Study group comprised of 50 diagnosed cases of eclampsia and 50 patients with uncomplicated pregnancy was taken as control. Results: In this study 30% of the eclamptic patients were found to have impairment of renal function. Incidence of impaired renal function was significantly increased among the patients > 25 years of age. Multigravida eclamptic patients were found to be more prone to develop impaired renal function compared to primigravida patients. Blood pressure was significantly increased and platelet count was significantly low in the impaired renal function group of eclamptic patients compared to the normal renal function group. Incidence of foetal complications was significantly higher among the patients with impaired renal function. The eclamptic patients who had proteinuria of >1 gm in 24 hours had more foetal complications than those who had protienuria of <1 gm/day.Conclusion: It has been observed that impairment of renal function is common among the patients with eclampsia. So, special attention should be paid to assess renal function in this group of patient DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i1.13758 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(1) : 31-36
Bowel Injury following Illegal Abortion : An Unusual Case
Authors: Sheshadri LN , Reddy Preethi B , Hussain Tanveer Ustad , Kilpadi Arun B
Published: February 2013

A rare and life threatening complication of induced abortion is bowel injury. Bowel resection with exteriorization of bowel with possibility of permanent stomas is the treatment, especially when the patient presents late. A 26 year old woman presented with peritonitis and fecal discharge per vaginum 1 week after an illegal abortion. Laparotomy revealed uterine perforation and colonic injury with the fetal head retained intraperitoneally . DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i1.13761 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(1) : 48-49
Society News Vol.26(1)
Authors: Begum Nasima
Published: February 2013

Not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i1.13763 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(1) : 58-60
International News Vol.26(1)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: February 2013

Not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i1.13764 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(1) : 61
Short term versus conventional Catheterisation after Genital Prolapse Surgery
Authors: Tahmin Khurshida , Begum Shamsun Nahar
Published: February 2013

This Randomised controlled clinical trial was undertaken to determine the suitable time of catheter removal after urogenital prolapse surgery in order to reduce the catheter related UTI and its long term sequel. Method: Total 80 patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair were enrolled and randomised into two equal groups by lottery method. Trans-urethral catheter was removed on 2nd & 5th post operative day in group I (n=40) and in group II (n=40) respectively. Post   voidal residual urine volume before operation and after removal of catheter was measured in   all patients by ultrasound scanning. Re-catheterisation was done for three more days if residual volume > 200ml after removal of catheter. Urine samples were taken before removal of catheter and send for routine microscopic examination and culture & sensitivity test to detect UTI.Results: Removal of catheter on 2nd post-operative day lead to significant reduction of rate of UTI. The rate of UTI following removal of catheter was 7.5% versus 42.5% in group I and in group II (p<0.001). But need for recatheterisation was significantly higher in group I (15%) than in group II (2.5%). The mean duration of catheterisation was 47.63 (±0.628) and 119.35 (±0.864) hours in group I and group II respectively. Majority of the patients in group I did not  require prolongation of catheterisation. Mean duration of hospital stay after operation was 5 days in group I and 7.95 days in group II (p<0.001). Conclusion: Short period catheterisation is associated with lower rate of UTI and shorter hospital stay. Disadvantages of prolonged catheterisation outweigh the advantages. Therefore removal of the catheter on the 2nd post-operative day after genital prolapse surgery is preferable than 5 days catheterization DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i2.13782 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(2) : 68-71
Is Surrogate LH Surge Essential in All Induced Cycles?
Authors: Begum Mosammat Rashida , Ehsan Mariya , Begum Mosammat Shahina , Khan Farzana , Siddiqi Maruf , Baby Hosne Ara
Published: February 2013

Objective: Aim of this study was to identify the necessity of use of exogenous or surrogate  LH for triggering of ovulation in induced cycles. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in Infertility Care and Research Center (ICRC) Dhaka, Bangladesh. Three hundred anovulatory patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) were the target population for this study. The patients were treated by  different ovulation inducing agents to produce mature follicles. When follicle got the size of 18 mm or more LH was given to 150 patients (Group A) and 150 patients did not receive LH (Group B). Follicular rupture was monitored by USG. Main outcome measure was rupture of the follicle.Result: In group A 33.33% and in group B 34.67% patients responded by letrozole only, whereas 66.66% in group A and 65.34% in group B needed additional drugs like metformin glucocorticoids and gonadotropins. In both the groups response was similar in terms of number of follicular recruitment, follicular maturity, endometrial development and hormone production. Follicular rupture rate was similar in both hCG and non-hCG treated group. LUFS was detected only in 2.67% in group A and 2% cases in group B.Conclusion: If follicular development is adequate exogenous LH is not necessary for triggering of ovulation in all stimulated cycles. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i2.13783 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(2) : 72-76
Abstracts Vol.26(2)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: February 2013

Not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i2.13792 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(2) : 103-105
Society News Vol.26(2)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: February 2013

Not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i2.13793 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(2) : 106-108
International News Vol.26(2)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: February 2013

Not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i2.13794 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(2) : 109
A Comparison of B16 Melanoma Cells and 3T3 Fibroblasts Concerning Cell Viability and ROS Production in the Presence of Melatonin, Tested Over a Wide Range of Concentrations
Authors: Bonmati-Carrion Maria , Álvarez-Sánchez Nuria , Hardeland Rüdiger , Madrid Juan , Rol Maria
Published: February 2013

Melatonin is a pleiotropic molecule with many cellular and systemic actions, including chronobiotic effects. Beneficial effects are widely documented concerning the treatment of neoplastic diseases in vivo as well as reductions in viability of cultured cells from melanoma, one of the most aggressive cancers in humans. However, studies of its effects on non-tumor cells in vitro have not focused on viability, except for experiments aiming to protect against oxidotoxicity or other toxicological insults. Furthermore, there is no agreement on the range of effective melatonin concentrations in vitro, and the mechanisms that reduce cell viability have remained unclear. Tumor cell-specific increases in the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) may provide a possible explanation. Our aim was to analyze the potential inhibition of tumor (B16 melanoma 4A5) and non-tumor cell (3T3 Swiss albino) viability using a wide range of melatonin concentrations (10−11–10−2 M), and to determine whether intracellular ROS enhancement was involved in this process. In the absence of fetal bovine serum (FBS), low melatonin concentrations (10−9–10−5 M) reduced the proliferation of melanoma cells with no effect in fibroblasts, whereas, in the presence of FBS, they had no effect or even increased the proliferation of both fibroblast and melanoma cells. Melatonin concentrations in the upper millimolar range increased ROS levels and reduced the viability of both cell types, but more markedly so in non-tumor cells. Thus, low melatonin concentrations reduce proliferation in this specific melanoma cell line, whereas high concentrations affect the viability of both tumor (B16 4A5 melanoma) and non-tumor (3T3 fibroblasts) cells. Increased ROS levels in both lines indicate a role for ROS production in the reduction of cell viability at high—but not low—melatonin concentrations, although the mechanism of action still remains to be elucidated.
Therapeutic Potential of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mice with Lethal Fulminant Hepatic Failure
Authors: Moslem Mohsen , Valojerdi Mojtaba Rezazadeh , Pournasr Behshad , Muhammadnejad Ahad , Baharvand Hossein
Published: February 2013

Large-scale production and noninvasive methods for harvesting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), particularly in elderly individuals, has prompted researchers to find new patient-specific sources for MSCs in regenerative medicine. This study aims to produce MSCs from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and to evaluate their therapeutic effects in a CCl4-induced mouse model of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). hiPSC-MSCs have shown MSC morphology, antigen profile and differentiation capabilities, and improved hepatic function in our model. hiPSC-MSC-transplanted animals provide significant benefit in terms of survival, serum LDH, total bilirubin, and lipid peroxidation. hiPSC-MSC therapy resulted in a one-third reduction of histologic activity index and a threefold increase in the number of proliferating hepatocytes. This was accompanied by a significant decrease in the expression levels of collagen type I, Mmp13, Mmp2, and Mmp9 genes and increase in Timp1 and Timp2 genes in transplanted groups. hiPSC-MSCs secreted hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in vitro and also expressed HGF in evaluated liver sections. Similar results were observed with human bone marrow (hBM)-derived MSCs. In conclusion, our results have demonstrated that hiPSC-MSCs might be valuable appropriate alternatives for hBM-MSCs in FHF liver repair and support liver function by cell therapy with a large-scale production capacity, patient-specific nature, and no invasive MSC harvesting.
De novosynthesis of D- and L-fucosamine containing disaccharides
Authors: Leonori Daniele , Seeberger Peter H
Published: February 2013

The availability of rare monosaccharides that cannot be isolated from natural sources is currently limiting the access to the synthesis and the biological evaluation of complex bacterial cell-surface glycans. Here, we report the synthesis of D- and L-fucosamine building blocks by ade novoapproach from L- and D-Garner aldehydes. These differentially protected monosaccharide building blocks were utilized to prepare disaccharides present on the surface ofPseudomonas aeruginosabacteria.
Ankle Fusion Stability: A Biomechanical Comparison of External Versus Internal Fixation
Authors: Hoover Justin R. , Santrock Robert D. , James William C.
Published: February 2013

This biomechanical study compares bimalleolar external fixation to conventional crossed-screw construct in terms of stability and compression for ankle arthrodesis. The goals of the study were to determine which construct is more stable with bending and torsional forces, and to determine which construct achieves more compression.

Fourth-generation bone composite tibia and talocalcaneal models were made to 50th percentile anatomic specifications. Fourteen ankle fusion constructs were created with bimalleolar external fixators and 14 with crossed-screw constructs. Ultimate bend, torque, and compression testing were completed on the external fixator and crossed-screw constructs using a multidirectional Materials Testing Machine (MTS Systems Corp, Eden Prairie, Minnesota). Ultimate bend testing revealed a statistically significant difference (
P
=.0022) with the mean peak load to failure for the external fixator constructs of 973.2 N compared to 612.5 N for the crossed-screw constructs. Ultimate torque testing revealed the mean peak torque to failure for the external fixator construct was 80.2 Nm and 28.1 Nm for the crossed-screw construct, also a statistically significant difference (
P
=.0001). The compression testing yielded no statistically significant difference (
P
=.9268) between the average failure force of the external fixator construct (81.6 kg) and the crossed-screw construct (81.2 kg).

With increased stiffness in both bending and torsion and comparable compressive strengths, bimalleolar external fixation is an excellent option for tibiotalar ankle arthrodesis.
A Systematic Review Assessing the Effectiveness of Alendronate in Reducing Periprosthetic Bone Loss After Cementless Primary THA
Authors: Zeng Yi , Lai Oujie , Shen Bin , Yang Jing , Zhou Zongke , Kang Pengde , Pei Fuxing
Published: February 2013

Periprosthetic bone loss, especially in the proximal part of the femur, is common after cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). To determine the short- and long-term effect of alendronate on periprosthetic bone mineral density after THA, we conducted computerized searches for randomized, controlled trials evaluating the use of alendronate in patients treated with cementless primary THA. A review of PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Embase from their inception to May 2010 was completed, and we assessed methodological quality and abstracted relevant data. Of 310 citations that were initially identified, 5 studies assessing 146 patients were reviewed. Those studies showed that significantly less periprosthetic bone loss had occurred in the alendronate-treated group than in the placebo-treated group during the short-term period after THA. For long-term investigation, the studies reported that the periprosthetic bone density was a bit higher in the alendronate-treated group compared to the placebo-treated group, but the differences did not reach statistical significance.

This systematic review suggests that alendronate has a beneficial effect with regard to preservation of periprosthetic bone short-term after cementless THA. However, the studies could not provide enough evidence that the positive effect noted in the early postoperative period is maintained long-term. A longer follow-up with a larger number of participants is needed to confirm the outcome of cementless THA patients treated with alendronate.
Hip Morphologic Measurements in an Egyptian Population
Authors: Aly Tarek A.
Published: February 2013

The study of acetabular morphology has shown that there are geographic differences in the morphology and prevalence of acetabular dysplasia among different ethnic groups. However, few data exist on the shape of the acetabulum in various populations around the world. In this study, we examined samples of pelvic radiographs from Egyptian adults. Acetabular dysplasia in adults is characterized by a shallow and relatively vertical acetabulum.

The aim of this study was to examine acetabular morphology to determine the prevalence of hip dysplasia in adult Egyptians. This included 244 adults, 134 men and 110 women between 18 and 60 years, who were used to measure center edge angle, acetabular Sharp angle, acetabular head index on anteroposterior radiographic views of the hip joints, and vertical center anterior margin angle on false profile views. The radiographs were taken of patients with no hip complaints at Tanta University Hospital.

The results were statistically studied according to the age, height, and weight of patients. The prevalence of acetabular dysplasia was 2.25% for Egyptian men and 3.6% for women with respect to center edge angles, vertical center anterior margin angle, and acetabular head index.

We concluded that gender variations in the morphology of the acetabulum and sex influences geometrical measurements of the acetabulum. Egyptian women were more dysplastic than men using the 4 parameters of hip measurements. There are also racial variations in hip morphology.