bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Underwater noise from glacier calving: Field observations and pool experiment
Authors: Glowacki Oskar
Published: July 2020

The underwater noise emission from glacier calving is investigated by integrating acoustic and photographic observations made in a glacial bay and model pool. Similarities in the impact noise in these two settings are identified. Distinct fluid-dynamics processes are involved in sound generation: iceberg detachment, water entry, entrainment and collective oscillation of a bubble cloud, secondary impacts due to splashes, and calving-induced wave action. The lag between initial impact and bubble plume pinch-off from the subsurface cavity depends on ice block dimensions and drop height and may be useful in reducing errors in estimates of calving fluxes made using underwater sound.
The Transition From Sport Psychology to Psychotherapy: The Journey of a Young Athlete Fighting Cancer
Authors: Biondi Sara , Conti Cristiana , Georgiadis Emmanouil , Bertollo Maurizio
Published: July 2020

The current case study reports an intervention with a young volleyball athlete who was diagnosed with cancer during his early sporting career. The athlete requested both performance-enhancement support and psychotherapeutic intervention (the latter during his illness) from his sport psychologist. The article explores the transition from sport psychology intervention, which started before the appearance of the disease, to psychotherapy and the reflections concerning this unique situation. The fluctuation of the athlete alongside the mental health continuum ranging from a normal (illness-free) state to a mental-illness state was taken into consideration. The theoretical framework adopted by the sport psychologist/psychotherapist consisted of the integration of different approaches: the psychobiosocial model of Individual Zone for Optimal Functioning and relational psychoanalysis, both oriented around the existentialism counseling approach. Reflections on the case include the changes of setting and the development of the relationship between the psychologist/psychotherapist and the athlete during the two intervention phases.
Revealing roles of competing local structural orderings in crystallization of polymorphic systems
Authors: Li Minhuan , Chen Yanshuang , Tanaka Hajime , Tan Peng
Published: July 2020

We reveal a spatiotemporal fluctuation of local orders inside intermediates during colloidal crystallization.
Applications of Bacillus subtilis Spores in Biotechnology and Advanced Materials
Authors: Zhang Xiaopei , Al-Dossary Amal , Hussain Myer , Setlow Peter , Li Jiahe
Published: July 2020

The bacterium
Bacillus subtilis
has long been an important subject for basic studies. However, this organism has also had industrial applications due to its easy genetic manipulation, favorable culturing characteristics for large‐scale fermentation, superior capacity for protein secretion, and generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status. In addition, as the metabolically dormant form of
B. subtilis
, its spores have attracted great interest due to their extreme resistance to many environmental stresses, which makes spores a novel platform for a variety of applications.
The Ethanolamine-Sensing Transcription Factor EutR Promotes Virulence and Transmission during Citrobacter rodentium Intestinal Infection
Authors: Rowley Carol A. , Sauder Amber B. , Kendall Melissa M.
Published: July 2020

Enteric pathogens exploit chemical and nutrient signaling to gauge their location within a host and control expression of traits important for infection. Ethanolamine-containing molecules are essential in host physiology and play important roles in intestinal processes. The transcription factor EutR is conserved in the
Enterobacteriaceae
and is required for ethanolamine sensing and metabolism. In enterohemorrhagic
Escherichia coli
(EHEC) O157:H7, EutR responds to ethanolamine to activate expression of traits required for host colonization and disease; however, the importance of EutR to EHEC intestinal infection has not been examined.
Draft Genome Sequence of Alkalicoccus halolimnae BZ-SZ-XJ29
T
, a Moderately Halophilic Bacterium Isolated from a Salt Lake
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Qiu Dacheng , Liao Ziya , Zhao Baisuo
Published: July 2020

The moderate halophile
Alkalicoccus halolimnae
BZ-SZ-XJ29
T
grows optimally in a relative broad range of 8.3% to 12.3% (wt/vol) NaCl. The draft genome consists of approximately 3.66 Mb and contains 3,534 putative genes. Various genes involved in osmotic stress were predicted, providing pertinent insights into specific adaptations to the hypersaline environment.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Agrobacterium fabrum
ARqua1
Authors: Thompson Mitchell G. , Cruz-Morales Pablo , Moore William M. , Pearson Allison N. , Keasling Jay D. , Scheller Henrik V. , Shih Patrick M.
Published: July 2020

Agrobacterium fabrum
ARqua1 is a hybrid of
Agrobacterium fabrum
C58C bearing the megaplasmid pRiA4b. ARqua1 is used by many plant researchers to generate transgenic roots. The draft genome of ARqua1 includes a 249,350-bp contig that likely covers all of pRiA4b, and it will be a valuable resource to plant biologists.
Draft Genome Sequence of Cyclic Lipopeptide Producer
Pseudomonas
sp. Strain SWRI103, Isolated from Wheat Rhizosphere
Authors: Zarvandi Samira , Bahrami Tahereh , Pauwels Brent , Asgharzadeh Ahmad , Hosseini-Mazinani Mehdi , Salari Farzaneh , Girard Léa , De Mot René , Rokni-Zadeh Hassan
Published: July 2020

The draft genome sequence of wheat rhizosphere isolate
Pseudomonas
sp. strain SWRI103 is reported. This strain carries several gene clusters encoding nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), including a system for cyclic lipopeptide (CLP) production, and genes for carotenoid biosynthesis.
Draft Genome Sequence of Listeria monocytogenes Serovar 1/2a Strain IZSAM_Lm_14-16064, Isolated from an Italian Cooked Ham in 2014
Authors: Di Lollo Valeria , Orsini Massimiliano , Acciari Vicdalia , Cammà Cesare , Centorame Patrizia , Centorotola Gabriella , Curini Valentina , Di Pasquale Adriano , Rinaldi Antonio , Pongolini Stefano , Torresi Marina , Pomilio Francesco
Published: July 2020

In this report, the draft genome sequence of
Listeria monocytogenes
serovar 1/2a strain IZSAM_Lm_14-16064, isolated in Italy from a cooked ham, is announced. The genome is similar to that of a clinical strain isolated in 2014.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Novel
Roseimicrobium
sp. Strain ORNL1, a Verrucomicrobium Isolated from the Populus deltoides Rhizosphere
Authors: Podar Mircea , Turner Joel , Burdick Leah H. , Pelletier Dale A.
Published: July 2020

Roseimicrobium
sp. strain ORNL1 is a soil bacterium that belongs to the phylum
Verrucomicrobia
and was isolated from the rhizosphere of a forest Eastern cottonwood tree,
Populus deltoides
, in Tennessee. Its 7.9-Mb chromosome was completely sequenced using PacBio long reads and is predicted to encode 6,288 proteins and 76 RNAs.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Starkeya
sp. Strain ORNL1, a Soil Alphaproteobacterium Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Populus deltoides
Authors: Podar Mircea , Turner Joel , Burdick Leah H. , Pelletier Dale A.
Published: July 2020

Starkeya
sp. strain ORNL1 is an alphaproteobacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of an Eastern cottonwood tree.
Starkeya
spp. are physiologically versatile, using a wide range of nutritional and energetic resources and serving important ecological roles in carbon and sulfur cycling. The 6.3-Mb chromosome of
Starkeya
sp. strain ORNL1 was completely sequenced and will help in understanding nutrient cycles.
Geochemistry of contrasting stream types, Taylor Valley, Antarctica
Authors: Harmon Russell S. , Leslie Deborah L. , Lyons W. Berry , Welch Kathleen A. , McKnight Diane M.
Published: July 2020

The McMurdo Dry Valley region is the largest ice-free area of Antarctica. Ephemeral streams flow here during the austral summer, transporting glacial meltwater to perennially ice-covered, closed basin lakes. The chemistry of 24 Taylor Valley streams was examined over the two-decade period of monitoring from 1993 to 2014, and the geochemical behavior of two streams of contrasting physical and biological character was monitored across the seven weeks of the 2010–2011 flow season. Four species dominate stream solute budgets: HCO3–, Ca2+, Na+, and Cl–, with SO42–, Mg2+, and K+ present in significantly lesser proportions. All streams contain dissolved silica at low concentrations. Across Taylor Valley, streams are characterized by their consistent anionic geochemical fingerprint of HCO3 > Cl > SO4, but there is a split in cation composition between 14 streams with Ca > Na > Mg > K and 10 streams with Na > Ca > Mg > K.

Andersen Creek is a first-order proglacial stream representative of the 13 short streams that flow <1.5 km from source to gage. Von Guerard is representative of 11 long streams 2–7 km in length characterized by extensive hyporheic zones. Both streams exhibit a strong daily cycle for solute load, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH, which vary in proportion to discharge. A well-expressed diurnal co-variation of pH with dissolved oxygen is observed for both streams that reflects different types of biological control. The relative consistency of Von Guerard composition over the summer flow season reflects chemostatic regulation, where water in transient storage introduced during times of high streamflow has an extended opportunity for water-sediment interaction, silicate mineral dissolution, and pore-water exchange.
Supplemental Material: U-Pb zircon geochronology and depositional age models for the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation (Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona, USA): Implications for Late Triassic paleoecological and paleoenvironmental change
Authors: Rasmussen Cornelia , al. et
Published: July 2020

Assessing stratigraphic uncertainties between published dates and dates from CPCP 1A and two data tables.
Every month matters: longitudinal associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration, child growth and obesity among WIC-participating children
Authors: Anderson Christopher E , Whaley Shannon E , Crespi Catherine M , Wang May C , Chaparro M Pia
Published: July 2020

Background

Research has found breastfeeding to be protective of obesity; however, this link remains contentious. We examined longitudinal associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration, growth trajectories and obesity at 4 years among children participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC), and whether these associations differed in the context of the 2009 WIC food package change, implemented to improve alignment with dietary guidelines and promote breastfeeding.

Methods

Longitudinal data from 260 935 WIC-participating children in Los Angeles County, California, 2003–2016, were used to assess the relationship between duration of receipt of the fully breastfeeding package (an exclusive breastfeeding proxy) with childhood growth and obesity using mixed effects and Poisson regression models.

Results

Children exclusively breastfed for longer duration had healthier growth trajectories and lower obesity risk at age 4. Compared with infants with no fully breastfeeding package receipt, any receipt (a breastfeeding initiation proxy) was associated with reduced obesity risk. Obesity risk was lowest for boys and girls exclusively breastfed for 7 (risk ratio (RR)=0.73, 95% CI=0.64 to 0.82) and 13 months (RR=0.63, 95% CI=0.58 to 0.69), respectively. Exclusive breastfeeding duration increased, but associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration and growth and obesity were not modified, following the 2009 WIC food package change.

Conclusion

Increased duration of exclusive breastfeeding was associated with reduced obesity risk. The greatest incremental benefit was observed going from none to any exclusive breastfeeding, and the maximum cumulative benefit was among children receiving the fully breastfeeding package for more than 6 months. Breastfeeding promotion in WIC remains important for obesity prevention.
Expressivism at the beginning and end of life
Authors: Reed Philip
Published: July 2020

Some disability rights advocates criticise prenatal testing and selective abortion on the grounds that these practices express negative attitudes towards existing persons with disabilities. Disability rights advocates also commonly criticise and oppose physician-assisted suicide (PAS) and euthanasia on the same grounds. Despite the structural and motivational similarity of these two kinds of arguments, there is no literature comparing and contrasting their relative merits and the merits of responses to them with respect to each of these specific medical practices. This paper undertakes such a comparison. My thesis is that a number of potentially significant weaknesses of the expressivist argument against reproductive technologies are avoided when the argument is used against PAS. In particular, I try to show that three common criticisms of the expressivist argument applied to reproductive technologies, whatever merit they have, have even less merit when they are used to reply to the expressivist argument applied to PAS. This is important because the expressivist argument applied to the end of life scenario does not get as much attention as the argument applied to the beginning of life scenario, and yet it has a relatively stronger position.
Value promotion as a goal of medicine
Authors: Mathison Eric , Davis Jeremy
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we argue that promoting patient values is a legitimate goal of medicine. Our view offers a justification for certain current practices, including birth control and living organ donation, that are widely accepted but do not fit neatly within the most common extant accounts of the goals of medicine (ie, those that focus on healing or best interests). Moreover, we argue that recognising value promotion as a goal of medicine will expand the scope of medical practice by including some procedures that are sometimes rejected as being outside the scope of acceptable medical practice, such as certain forms of physician-assisted death. We then rebut some common and possible objections to this view. Our aim is not to argue that other accounts are mistaken—except when they argue for a single goal that does not include patient values—but rather to show that value promotion should play a more central role in discussions about the goals of medicine.
Comparison of PED and FRED flow diverters for posterior circulation aneurysms: a propensity score matched cohort study
Authors: Griessenauer Christoph J , Enriquez-Marulanda Alejandro , Xiang Sissi , Hong Tao , Zhang Hongqi , Taussky Philipp , Grandhi Ramesh , Waqas Muhammad , Tutino Vincent M , Siddiqui Adnan H , Levy Elad I , Ogilvy Christopher S , Thomas Ajith J , Ulfert Christian , Möhlenbruch Markus A , Renieri Leonardo , Limbucci Nicola , Parra-Fariñas Carmen , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Kan Peter , Rinaldo Lorenzo , Lanzino Giuseppe , Brinjikji Waleed , Spears Julian , Müller-Thies-Broussalis Erasmia , Killer-Oberpfalzer Monika , Islak Civan , Kocer Naci , Sonnberger Michael , Engelhorn Tobias , Ghuman Mandeep , Yang Victor XD , Salehani Arsalaan , Harrigan Mark R , Radovanovic Ivan , Pereira Vitor M , Krings Timo , Matouk Charles C , Chen Karen , Aziz-Sultan Mohammad Ali , Ghorbani Mohammad , Schirmer Clemens M , Goren Oded , Dalal Shamsher S , Koch Matthew J , Stapleton Christopher J , Patel Aman B , Finkenzeller Thomas , Holtmannspötter Markus , Buhk Jan Hendrik , Foreman Paul Michael , Cress Marshall , Hirschl Robert , Reith Wolfgang , Simgen Andreas , Janssen Hendrik , Marotta Thomas R , Dmytriw Adam A
Published: July 2020

Background

Flow diversion is a common endovascular treatment for cerebral aneurysms, but studies comparing different types of flow diverters are scarce.

Objective

To perform a propensity score matched cohort study comparing the Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) and Flow Redirection Intraluminal Device (FRED) for posterior circulation aneurysms.

Methods

Consecutive aneurysms of the posterior circulation treated at 25 neurovascular centers with either PED or FRED were collected. Propensity score matching was used to control for age, duration of follow-up imaging, adjunctive coiling, and aneurysm location, size, and morphology; previously ruptured aneurysms were excluded. The two devices were compared for the following outcomes: procedural complications, aneurysm occlusion, and functional outcome.

Results

A total of 375 aneurysms of the posterior circulation were treated in 369 patients. The PED was used in 285 (77.2%) and FRED in 84 (22.8%) procedures. Aneurysms treated with the PED were more commonly fusiform and larger than those treated with FRED. To account for these important differences, propensity score matching was performed resulting in 33 PED and FRED unruptured aneurysm pairs. No differences were found in occlusion status and neurologic thromboembolic or hemorrhagic complications between the two devices. The proportion of patients with favorable functional outcome was higher with FRED (100% vs 87.9%, p=0.04).

Conclusion

Comparative analysis of PED and FRED for the treatment of unruptured posterior circulation aneurysms did not identify significant differences in aneurysm occlusion or neurologic complications. Variations in functional outcomes warrant additional investigations.
Quality of life, need for retreatment, and the re-equilibration phenomenon after venous sinus stenting for idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Garner Rebecca M , Aldridge Jennifer Bernhardt , Wolfe Stacey Q , Fargen Kyle M
Published: July 2020

Background

Long term failure rates after venous sinus stenting (VSS) for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) are poorly understood.

Methods

Retrospective analysis was performed on a prospectively-maintained single center database to identify patients with medically refractory IIH who underwent VSS. Patients with persistent or severe recurrent symptoms after VSS undergo lumbar puncture (LP), therefore LP serves as a marker for treatment failure.

Results

81 patients underwent VSS with a mean follow-up of 10 months; 44 (54.3%) patients underwent LP after VSS due to persistent or recurrent symptoms at a mean of 12 months (median 7, range 2–43). There was a mean decrease in opening pressure (OP) on LP from pre- to post-VSS of 9.1 cm H2O (median 9.5). Overall, a total of 21 (25.9%) patients underwent further surgical intervention following VSS, including five who underwent repeat VSS (6.2% of total) and 18 who underwent cerebrospinal fluid shunting (22.2% of total). There was a non-significant (p=0.18) but overall increase in quality of life scores from pre-stenting (61.2) to last follow-up (71.2), and a significant decrease in Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) scores (p=0.03) with mean pre-stenting and last follow-up scores of 62.7 and 55.8, respectively.

Conclusions

VSS is an effective treatment for venous sinus stenosis in IIH; however, this study found higher rates of symptomatic recurrence and need for further surgical intervention (26%) than previously reported in the literature. Recurrence of symptoms occurred at a median of 7 months, even though OP remained lower at follow-up LP, suggestive of a re-equilibration phenomenon.
Association between federal and California state policy violation among vape shops and neighbourhood composition in Southern California
Authors: Huh Jimi , Meza Leah R , Galstyan Ellen , Galimov Artur , Unger Jennifer B , Baezconde-Garbanati Lourdes , Sussman Steve
Published: July 2020

Introduction

Past studies have documented disparities in regulation compliance among tobacco retailers with respect to ethnic diversity in neighbourhoods. This study investigated the association between compliance with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and California state rules and neighbourhood ethnic composition of a vape shop location.

Methods

We recruited 122 vape shops located in ‘ethnic enclave’ neighbourhoods in Southern California. Trained teams of data collectors visited each of the consented vape shops and coded items in the shops that were visible and on display. Location data for the percentages of ethnic composition for a given city were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau, American FactFinder. Multilevel logistic regression models examined the relationship between the city-level neighbourhood ethnic composition and vape shop rule violation status: not displaying Ask4ID sign and offering free samples.

Results

Vape shops located in neighbourhoods/communities with more white residents were significantly less likely to not display Ask4ID sign (p=0.03) and less likely to offer free sampling (p=0.009), controlling for other neighbourhood ethnic characteristics.

Discussion

Greater enforcement for proper signage display is needed for vape shops located in racial/ethnic minority locations to ensure that minors are discouraged from purchasing e-products.
Phenotypic, ecological, and genomic variation in common bully (Gobiomorphus cotidianus) populations along depth gradients in New Zealand’s southern Great Lakes
Authors: Ingram Travis , Dutoit Ludovic , Mikheev Pavel , Khan Samiullah , Schallenberg Marc
Published: July 2020

Depth gradients in lakes are often key drivers of population divergence and speciation in fishes. New Zealand has many deep lakes but no known profundal specialist fishes or cases of intralacustrine speciation. We sampled a native benthic fish, the common bully (Gobiomorphus cotidianus), from 5 to 90 m depth in four South Island lakes to test for morphological, ecological, or genetic differentiation associated with depth. Deeper fish consistently had narrower bodies, while other morphological traits showed variable relationships with depth. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values of fish increased with depth, largely tracking isotopic trends with depth of benthic invertebrate prey. Genotyping-by-sequencing showed some genome-wide differentiation between two of the lakes, but no evidence for within-lake genetic structuring along depth gradients. These results indicate that individual bullies associate with shallower or deeper habitats within their lifetimes, but we found no evidence of progress toward genetic divergence within lakes. The apparent lack of intralacustrine genetic divergence in New Zealand’s fishes may be explained by a combination of environmental factors and constraints intrinsic to its marine-derived freshwater fish fauna.
A new way to visualize and report structural and data uncertainty in stock assessments
Authors: Cope Jason , Gertseva Vladlena
Published: July 2020

We present a visual and tabular representation of fisheries stock assessment model outputs to rapidly examine and effectively communicate sensitivity analysis results from numerous alternative model comparisons. This approach uses multiple output metrics to identify which alternative stock assessment model configurations relative to the reference model deserve further attention when quantifying intermodel uncertainty. An accompanying table of likelihood components, parameters, and model-derived quantities highlights where major changes exist compared with the reference model. The general method is applicable to any stock assessment and should aid in model behavior diagnosis and communicating uncertainty to managers. Specific examples and code are provided for the Stock Synthesis modelling framework.
Solar infrared radiation towards building energy efficiency: measurement, data, and modeling
Authors: Song Yuhui , Duan Qiuhua , Feng Yanxiao , Zhang Enhe , Wang Julian , Niu Shengnan
Published: July 2020

With the recent discoveries and engineering solutions emerging in nanomaterials and nanostructures, independent band modulation of solar radiation on building envelopes, including glazing systems, has become increasingly viable as a potential means of improving building energy savings and indoor visual comfort. However, when it comes to the prediction of these new materials’ potential energy performance in buildings, most studies utilize a simple solar irradiance (e.g., global horizontal solar irradiance, direct beam solar irradiance) or a rough estimation of solar infrared (e.g., 50% solar irradiance) as input, which may cause significant errors. Consequently, there is a pressing need for reliable performance estimations of the solar infrared control and response at the building’s scale. To assess this, we need a solar spectral irradiance model, or at least a wideband (visible or infrared) solar irradiance model, as input. To develop this new type of model, one needs to understand the modeling-related key elements, including available solar spectral irradiance datasets, data collection methods, and modeling techniques. As such, this paper reviews the current major measurement methods and tools used in collecting solar spectral irradiance data with a focus on the solar infrared region, identifies the available related resources and datasets that particularly encompass the solar spectral irradiance data with a sufficient wavelength range, and studies existing solar irradiation modeling techniques for building simulations. These investigations will then form the background and backbone for a study scheme of solar infrared radiation modeling and indicate future research paths and opportunities.
A statistical model to calculate inclusive hadronic cross sections
Authors: Balassa Gábor , Wolf György
Published: July 2020

Hadronic cross sections are important ingredients in many of the ongoing research methods in high energy nuclear physics, and it is always important to measure and/or calculate the probabilities of different types of reactions. In heavy-ion transport simulations at a few GeV energies, these hadronic cross sections are essential and so far mostly the exclusive processes are used, however, if one interested in total production rates the inclusive cross sections are also necessary to know. In this paper, we introduce a statistical-based method, which is able to give good estimates to exclusive and inclusive cross sections as well in the energy range of a few GeV. The method and its estimates for not well-known cross sections, will be used in a Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) type off-shell transport code to explain charmonium and bottomonium mass shifts in heavy-ion collisions.
Effect of rolling deformation on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2205 duplex stainless steel with micro-nano structure
Authors: Mao Yuqi , Zheng Yuehong , Shi Yu , Zhu Min , Saitejin  , Liu Sen , Lin Xiaoliang , La Peiqing
Published: July 2020

In order to further expand the application scope of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS), its microstructure and mechanical properties require as much attention as its corrosion properties. In this study, 2205DSSs were prepared by aluminothermic reaction and the microstructures and mechanical behavior of the rolled alloys were analyzed. The micro-nanocrystals composite structure appears in the alloys after rough rolling with deformation of 40% at [Formula: see text]C followed by finishing rolling with deformation of 30%, 50% and 70% at [Formula: see text]C. With the increase of rolling deformation, the two-phase structure is gradually elongated, the average size of the two-phase grains is gradually increased, and some [Formula: see text] phase will change to [Formula: see text] phase, the volume fraction of [Formula: see text] phase is gradually increased, and the distribution of nanocrystals is gradually uniform. Meanwhile, the fracture mode of alloy is gradually changed from ductile fracture to brittle fracture. The strength and hardness of the alloy increase gradually.
Bifurcation Analysis of Mathematical Model of Prostate Cancer with Immunotherapy
Authors: Zazoua Assia , Zhang Yongxin , Wang Wendi
Published: July 2020

Immunotherapy using dendritic cells (DCs) as antigen-presenting cells is widely used in laboratory and animal studies as a promising treatment for advanced prostate cancer. In this paper, the bifurcation analysis of a nonlinear model of prostate cancer with immunotherapy is performed. It is found that the model exhibits complex behaviors such as a saddle-node bifurcation, Hopf bifurcation, Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation and generalized Hopf bifurcation. Moreover, it is shown that the vaccine amount and T-cells killing efficiency of tumor cells have a significant effect on tumor cells, which provides new insights to improve treatment outcomes even for patients with a weak immune system.
Synchronization of Periodic Self-Oscillators Interacting via Memristor-Based Coupling
Authors: Korneev Ivan A. , Semenov Vladimir V. , Vadivasova Tatiana E.
Published: July 2020

A model of two self-sustained oscillators interacting through memristive coupling is studied. The memristive coupling is realized by using a cubic memristor model. Numerical simulation is combined with theoretical analysis by means of quasi-harmonic reduction. It is shown that the specifics of the memristor nonlinearity results in the appearance of infinitely many equilibrium points which form a line of equilibria in the phase space of the system under study. It is established that the possibility to observe the effect of phase locking in the considered system depends on both parameter values and initial conditions. Consequently, the boundaries of the synchronization region are determined by the initial conditions. It is demonstrated that introducing or adding a small term into the memristor state equation gives rise to the disappearance of the line of equilibria and eliminates the dependence of synchronization on the initial conditions.
Complexities and Bifurcations Induced by Drug Responses in a Pulsed Tumour-Immune Model
Authors: Yang Jin , Tan Yuanshun , Cheke Robert A.
Published: July 2020

Responses to drugs play key roles in exploring how drug toxicity affects the evolution of tumour cells. We model pulsed comprehensive therapies using an impulsive tumour-immune model, in which the application of comprehensive therapies is dependent on a threshold tumour size. By employing the definitions and properties of the Poincaré map, we show that the effector cell eradication periodic solution is globally stable under threshold conditions. In the light of bifurcation theorems, it is shown that transcritical bifurcations can occur with respect to many treatment parameters including depletion rate, chemotherapeutic drug concentration, a medicine toxicity coefficient and the accumulation rate of effector cells. Then we provide conditions for the existence of order-[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] periodic solutions. The results indicate that the threshold [Formula: see text] is sensitive to treatment parameters and the proposed system exists with very complex dynamics when treatment parameters are chosen as bifurcation parameters. Moreover, a therapeutic protocol with a smaller chemotherapy drug dosage and more frequent applications is more effective for maintaining a high tumour cell depletion rate.
Fungal Tip Growth Arising Through a Codimension-1 Global Bifurcation
Authors: de Jong T. G. , Sterk A. E. , Broer H. W.
Published: July 2020

Tip growth is a growth stage which occurs in fungal cells. During tip growth, the cell exhibits continuous extreme lengthwise growth while its shape remains qualitatively the same. A model for single celled fungal tip growth is given by the Ballistic Aging Thin viscous Sheet (BATS) model, which consists of a five-dimensional system of first-order differential equations. The solutions of the BATS model that correspond to fungal tip growth arise through a codimension-1 global bifurcation in a two-parameter family of solutions. In this paper we derive a toy model from the BATS model. The toy model is given by two-dimensional system of first-order differential equations which depend on a single parameter. The main achievement of this paper is a proof that the toy model exhibits an analogue of the codimension-1 global bifurcation in the BATS model. An important ingredient of the proof is a topological method which enables the identification of the bifurcation points. Finally, we discuss how the proof may be generalized to the BATS model.
COMBINED PLASMA NITRIDING AND SURFACE TEXTURING FOR IMPROVING TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF 316 STAINLESS STEEL
Authors: LIU ZHIQI , WANG HUANHUAN , LIN NAIMING , DUAN RENHUI
Published: July 2020

Combined plasma nitriding and surface texturing approach were conducted on 316 stainless steel to enhance the tribological performance. Five different surfaces (316 substrates, plasma-nitrided 316, surface-textured 316, plasma-nitrided surface-textured 316, and surface-textured plasma-nitrided 316) were investigated. The tribological behaviors were studied using a ball-on-disk rotary tribometer against counterparts of Si3N4 balls in the air and under oil lubrication conditions. The results were analyzed from the aspects of friction coefficient, mass loss, and surface morphology about the tested specimens. The results presented that the frictional properties of the surface of plasma-nitrided surface-textured 316 were optimal under both friction conditions. Under dry friction conditions, the influence of plasma nitriding on mass loss was greater than that of surface texturing. Under oil lubrication conditions, the influence of surface texturing on mass loss was greater than that of plasma nitriding, and the processing sequence of surface texturing and plasma nitriding had little effect on the mass loss. The better wear resistance of plasma-nitrided surface-textured 316 resulted from the following aspects: first, the nitriding layer improved the surface hardness of the material. Secondly, the surface texture can capture the debris under dry friction conditions and provide continuous lubrication under oil lubrication condition.
Lazy 2-cocycle and Radford (m,n)-biproduct
Authors: Ma Tianshui , Zheng Huihui , Dong Lihong , Chen Juzhen
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we introduce a class of 2-cocycles on monoidal Hom–Hopf algebras, study their properties, and extend neat lazy 2-cocycles to a Radford [Formula: see text]-biproduct monoidal Hom–Hopf algebra.
Representation theory of the algebra generated by a pair of complex structures
Authors: Gindi Steven
Published: July 2020

The objective of this paper is to determine the finite-dimensional, indecomposable representations of the algebra that is generated by two complex structures over the real numbers. Since the generators satisfy relations that are similar to those of the infinite dihedral group, we give the algebra the name [Formula: see text].
Stochastic wavelets from minimizers of an uncertainty principle: An example
Authors: Singh Ashok Kumar , Bhate Hemant
Published: July 2020

This paper proposes a method through which a family of wavelets can be obtained. This is done by choosing each member based on a random variable. The method is preferred in situations where a single mother wavelet proves inadequate and an evolving sequence of mother wavelets is needed but a priori the next member in the sequence is uncertain. The adopted approach is distinct from the way spatiotemporal wavelets are used or even the way stochastic processes have been studied using spatiotemporal wavelets.
Linear codes over 𝔽4R and their MacWilliams identity
Authors: Benbelkacem Nasreddine , Ezerman Martianus Frederic , Abualrub Taher
Published: July 2020

Let [Formula: see text] be the field of four elements. We denote by [Formula: see text] the commutative ring, with [Formula: see text] elements, [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. This work defines linear codes over the ring of mixed alphabets [Formula: see text] as well as their dual codes under a nondegenerate inner product. We then derive the systematic form of the respective generator matrices of the codes and their dual codes. We wrap the paper up by proving the MacWilliams identity for linear codes over [Formula: see text].
Cellular-Scale Imaging of Transparent Retinal Structures and Processes Using Adaptive Optics Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Miller Donald T. , Kurokawa Kazuhiro
Published: July 2020

High-resolution retinal imaging is revolutionizing how scientists and clinicians study the retina on the cellular scale. Its exquisite sensitivity enables time-lapse optical biopsies that capture minute changes in the structure and physiological processes of cells in the living eye. This information is increasingly used to detect disease onset and monitor disease progression during early stages, raising the possibility of personalized eye care. Powerful high-resolution imaging tools have been in development for more than two decades; one that has garnered considerable interest in recent years is optical coherence tomography enhanced with adaptive optics. State-of-the-art adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) makes it possible to visualize even highly transparent cells and measure some of their internal processes at all depths within the retina, permitting reconstruction of a 3D view of the living microscopic retina. In this review, we report current AO-OCT performance and its success in visualizing and quantifying these once-invisible cells in human eyes.
Upregulating microRNA-874-3p inhibits CXCL12 expression to promote angiogenesis and suppress inflammatory response in ischemic stroke
Authors: Xie Kangling , Cai Ying , Yang Pu , Du Feng , Wu Kai
Published: July 2020

Identification of specific biomarkers for ischemic stroke is necessary due to their abilities to improve treatment outcomes. Many studies have demonstrated the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis and complications of ischemic stroke and patient outcomes. We found that the expression of miR-874-3p was downregulated in clinical samples of ischemic stroke. Thus the present study explored the potential role of miR-874-3p in ischemic stroke and related mechanisms. A mouse model of ischemic stroke was constructed by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The relationship among miR-874-3p, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was explored by dual luciferase reporter assay and Western blot analysis. Angiogenesis and brain tissue apoptosis were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and TUNEL staining, respectively. ELISA was introduced to measure levels of inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 in brain tissues. Primary hippocampal neuronal cells were isolated from the mouse model of ischemic stroke and incubated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for HUVEC tube formation. High expression of CXCL12 and low expression of miR-874-3p were confirmed in ischemic stroke. In addition, miR-874-3p was found to target and downregulate CXCL12, thus reducing TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 levels, but enhancing IL-10 level. Collectively, upregulating miR-874-3p inhibits CXCL12 expression to promote angiogenesis and inhibit inflammation in ischemic stroke mice by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which may provide a new direction of ischemic stroke treatment.
MFGE8, ALB, APOB, APOE, SAA1, A2M, and C3 as Novel Biomarkers for Stress Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Pan Xiao-Yu , Zhang Zai-Wei
Published: July 2020

Background. Stress cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a transient reversible left ventricular dysfunction that more often occurs in women. Symptoms of SCM patients are similar to those of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but little is known about biomarkers. The goals of this study were to identify the potentially crucial genes and pathways associated with SCM. Methods. We analyzed microarray datasets GSE95368 derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Firstly, identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SCM patients in normal patients. Then, the DEGs were used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and Cytoscape was used to find the key genes. Results. In total, 25 DEGs were identified, including 10 upregulated genes and 15 downregulated genes. These DEGs were mainly enriched in ECM-receptor interaction, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), human papillomavirus infection, and focal adhesion, whereas in GO function classification, they were mainly enriched in the extracellular region, positive regulation of the multicellular organismal process, establishment of localization, and intracellular vesicle. Conclusion. Seven hub genes contained APOE, MFGE8, ALB, APOB, SAA1, A2M, and C3 identified as hub genes of SCM, which might be used as diagnostic biomarkers or molecular targets for the treatment of SCM.
Probing Scalar and Pseudoscalar Solutions to the g−2 Anomaly
Authors: Abu-Ajamieh Fayez
Published: July 2020

I investigate a class of models with scalar and pseudoscalar solutions to the g−2 anomaly for both the muon and the electron over the mass range of perturbativity (mϕ≲50 GeV), with Yukawa couplings proportional to the lepton’s mass. In particular, I investigate the constraints from BaBar, beam dump experiments, Z decay measured quantities, LEP mono-γ searches, ee⟶ττγ searches, and solar and horizontal branch (HB) star bounds. For a pseudoscalar, I find that no region in the parameter space can simultaneously provide a solution for both the electron and the muon anomalies while maintaining the required form of the couplings, and therefore, the pseudoscalar solution is disfavored. On the other hand, I find for the scalar case that there is an open window above ~30 MeV in the allowed region, but with significant tension with experiment for the region mϕ≳10 GeV. In addition, there is a smaller window between ~350 KeV and 1 MeV that is not ruled out by cosmological observations. Part of the first open window is expected to be covered by the proposed NA64 experiment. Similar analysis can be readily applied to other proposed solutions to the anomaly, such as solutions with Z′ or with the dark photon.
Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy and Anthropometric Parameters in the Offspring at 10 Years: A Community-Based Retrospective Cohort Study in Sri Lanka
Authors: Herath Himali P. , Herath Rasika P. , Wickremasinghe Rajitha
Published: July 2020

Background. Studies of developmental origins of health and disease have highlighted the possible role of intrauterine hyperglycaemia, increasing the future risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases in the offspring. There is limited evidence from South Asian populations for risk estimates for childhood obesity that are attributable to maternal diabetes in utero. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the association between hyperglycaemia in pregnancy (HIP) and anthropometric parameters in the offspring at 10-11 years of age. Methods. A community-based retrospective cohort study was conducted in Colombo district, Sri Lanka. In the first stage, children born in 2005 were identified, and the availability of antenatal records was assessed. In the second stage, the exposure status of participants was ascertained based on antenatal records and predefined criteria. In the third stage, height, weight, waist circumference, and triceps skinfold thickness (TSFT) of eligible participants were measured to ascertain the outcome status. Background characteristics were collected by interviewing mothers. A 24-hour dietary recall and a 3-day diet diary were recorded. Results. 159 children of mothers with HIP (exposed) and 253 children of mothers with no HIP (nonexposed) participated. Mean ages (SD) of exposed and unexposed groups were 10.9 (0.3) and 10.8 (0.3) years, respectively. The median BMI (17.6 vs 16.1, p<0.001), waist circumference (63 cm vs 59.3 cm, p<0.001), and triceps skinfold thickness (13.7 mm vs 11.2 mm, p<0.001) were significantly higher in the exposed group. Offspring of women with HIP were more likely to be overweight (aOR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.4–4.9) and have abdominal obesity (aOR = 2.7, 95% CI 1.1–6.5) and high TSFT (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.06–4.7) at 10-11 years than children who were not exposed after adjusting for maternal BMI, maternal age at delivery, and birth order. Conclusions. Intrauterine exposure to HIP is a significant determinant of overweight, high TSFT, and abdominal obesity in the offspring.
Risk Analysis of Vehicle Rear-End Collisions at Intersections
Authors: Dong Sheng , Zhang Minjie , Li Zhenjiang
Published: July 2020

Aiming at solving a typical problem of past research using accident experience statistics of being unable to adapt to changing traffic flows, this paper provides an evaluation method of the risk of vehicle rear-end collisions at red-light-camera (RLC) intersections based on theoretical probabilities. Taking advantage of trajectory data of vehicles at the two similar intersections, which are Cao’an Road and Lvyuan Road with RLCs and Cao’an Road and Anhong Road without RLCs in Shanghai, a binary logit (BL) model of stop-and-go decision-making is established. Using the model and adjusting the headway and potential travel time, we can perform simulation and analysis of rear-end collisions. The result shows that this method is feasible to analyse the influence of RLCs on rear-end collisions. The analysis indicates that RLCs can cause higher speeds for vehicles passing the RLC intersection and more abnormal driving behaviors, which increase the difficulty of stop-and-go decision-making. RLCs do not always lead to an increase of rear-end collisions. For vehicles close to or far from intersection at the decision-making time, RLCs will significantly reduce the possibility of rear-end collisions; however, for vehicles in the potential travel time of 2 s∼3 s, RLCs will increase the probability of rear-end collisions.
Analysis and Optimization of Interpolation Points for Quadruped Robots Joint Trajectory
Authors: Chen Mingfang , Zhang Kaixiang , Wang Sen , Liu Fei , Liu Jinxin , Zhang Yongxia
Published: July 2020

Trajectory planning is the foundation of locomotion control for quadruped robots. This paper proposes a bionic foot-end trajectory which can adapt to many kinds of terrains and gaits based on the idea of trajectory planning combining Cartesian space with joint space. Trajectory points are picked for inverse kinematics solution, and then quintic polynomials are used to plan joint space trajectories. In order to ensure that the foot-end trajectory generated by the joint trajectory planning is closer to the original Cartesian trajectory, the distributions of the interpolation point are analyzed from the spatial domain to temporal domain. An evaluation function was established to assess the closeness degree between the actual trajectory and the original curve. Subsequently, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and genetic algorithm (GA) for the points selection are used to obtain a more precise trajectory. Simulation and physical prototype experiments were included to support the correctness and effectiveness of the algorithms and the conclusions.