bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El gestar y el parir en Trailer de Nicola Constantino
Authors: Rocher Carmen
Published: August 2019

El trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar la representación de la gestación y el parir en la obra Trailer de Nicola Costantino. La hipótesis de partida es que desde el advenimiento del feminismo se han introducido representaciones de la maternidad en el arte contemporáneo que cuestionan el patriarcado. En el caso particular de la gestación y el parir, desde la modernidad, han sido objeto de apropiación por parte del orden masculino. El discurso medicinal y el disciplinamiento del cuerpo femenino nos ha arrebatado a las mujeres el domino sobre nuestras propias gestaciones, censurando experiencias y prácticas que ancestralmente se transmitían entre mujeres. Ante este escenario, nuestro trabajo intenta observar cómo el arte contemporáneo continúa fomentando el domino de este orden patriarcal o lo cuestiona produciendo nuevas posibilidades de concebir la gestación y el parto promoviendo la transformación social que esto implica.
Mulheres jornalistas e ditadura civil-militar no Brasil
Authors: Montipó Criselli , Oliveira Cândida De , Moser Magali
Published: August 2019

Frente às desigualdades de gênero, este trabalho reflete sobre atuações e contribuições de mulheres repórteres na investigação jornalística. Analisa métodos de apuração, fontes consultadas e a composição narrativa a partir de um corpus formado por três livros-reportagem de jornalistas investigativas sobre a ditadura civil-militar brasileira. Inicialmente, foram identificados 22 livros com este perfil, publicados entre 1986 e 2018, a partir de levantamento de 125 livros de autoria de jornalistas envolvendo a temática. Para uma análise detalhada e aprofundada, a pesquisa se concentra em movimentos da análise crítica da narrativa (MOTTA, 2013), a fim de alcançar um panorama sobre as contribuições de mulheres jornalistas na investigação do período autoritário. Os dados denotam uma participação ainda tímida, mas fundamental para a reconstituição mais plural de memórias e histórias de resistência à ditadura, com ênfase em possibilidades estéticas.
Pensar, Existir e Resistir
Authors: Oliveira Dennis De
Published: August 2019

Texto de apresentação da edição
The status of waterbird populations of Chhaya Rann Wetland Complex in Porbandar, Gujarat, India
Authors: Vargiya Dhavalkumar , Chakraborty Anita
Published: August 2019

The present investigation was undertaken to study the diversity of wetland birds in Chhaya Rann (Gujarati: Deserted land) wetland complex, situated in the urban setting of Porbandar City, in the western state of Gujarat, India.  Almost 70 species belonging to 21 families of wetland birds have been reported from here with an estimated count of 35,747 and 20,981 in the year 2016 and 2015 respectively.  Anatidae and Scolopacidae represent the higher number of species (11 each) followed by Ardeidae (eight species) and Laridae (seven species).  The wetland complex supports one IUCN Red Listed Vulnerable species (Common Pochard Aythya ferina), six Near Threatened species (Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor, Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster, Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus, Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus, Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa and River Tern Sterna aurantia), and 63 Least Concern species.  The wetland meets the Criteria 5 and 6 for listing as a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention.
Some recent evidence of the presence of the Critically Endangered Gyps vulture populations in northern Shan State, Myanmar
Authors: Oo Sai Sein Lin , Kham Nang Lao , Naing Kyaw Myo , Renner Swen C.
Published: August 2019

Presence of the Critically Endangered Gyps vulture populations in northern Shan State, Myanmar.  On 27 November 2018, we observed a flock of G. bengalensis, G. tenuirostris, and G. himalayanensis in Man Sant Village, Mong Yai Township, Northern Shan State, Myanmar. The most notable feature of our observation was the presence of G. bengalensis and G. tenuirostris: we could observe as many as 38 vultures of three species.
Records of the Marbled Cat Pardofelis marmorata and the Asiatic Golden Cat Catopuma temminckii (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) from the community forests surrounding the Dzükou Valley in Nagaland, India
Authors: Joshi Bhavendu , Syiem Biang La Nam , Kuotsu Rokohebi , Menon Arjun , Gogoi Jayanta , Goswami Varun Rshav , Vasudev Divya
Published: August 2019

Northeastern India, situated within the Indo-Burma and eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot complex, is known for its high diversity of wild felid species.  For most of these species, however, data on distribution and population trends are limited.  Here, we present photographic records of the Marbled Cat Pardofelis marmorata and Asiatic Golden Cat Catopuma temminckii from outside protected areas in the state of Nagaland.  These records are from community forests around the Dzükou Valley in Nagaland and are some of the few records of the species from the state.  The confirmed presence of the two species highlights the pivotal role of community-managed forests in the conservation of endangered species in the region.
Species diversity and spatial distribution of amphibian fauna along the altitudinal gradients in Jigme Dorji National Park, western Bhutan
Authors: Koirala Bal Krishna , Cheda Karma , Penjor Tshering
Published: August 2019

This paper presents the results of a study conducted on the diversity and spatial distribution of amphibian fauna in two different habitat types along the elevation gradients of Mochu River valley in Jigme Dorji National Park, Bhutan.  The survey was conducted from November 2017 to February 2019.  The study aimed to assess the diversity and distribution of amphibians using an opportunistic visual encounter survey technique.  A total of 16 species of amphibians belonging to nine genera distributed among seven families were documented during the study period. The Shannon diversity index was relatively higher in the primary forest habitat than in the agro-ecosystem, however, there was no statistically significant difference of species abundance. The decreasing trend of diversity and abundance of amphibian fauna was noticed towards higher altitudinal zones.  About 56% of species were recorded in the lower sampling sites (1200–1600m) indicating more favourable climatic conditions and habitat types for amphibian assemblages at lower elevations.
The Rediscovery of Calanthe davidii (Orchidaceae) after 11 decades in the western Himalaya, India
Authors: Sharma Ashutosh , Singh Nidhan , Kumar Pankaj
Published: August 2019

Calanthe davidii, a rare orchid species was rediscovered after a gap of 119 years in the western Himalaya and it is also a new distribution record for the flora of Himachal Pradesh State.  Detailed morphological description, distribution, ecology and conservation status along with colour photographs of the species are provided.
Age and Sex Estimation Using Artificial Intelligence From Standard 12-Lead ECGs
Authors: Attia Zachi I. , Friedman Paul A. , Noseworthy Peter A. , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Ladewig Dorothy J. , Satam Gaurav , Pellikka Patricia A. , Munger Thomas M. , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Scott Christopher G. , Carter Rickey E. , Kapa Suraj
Published: August 2019

Background:

Sex and age have long been known to affect the ECG. Several biologic variables and anatomic factors may contribute to sex and age-related differences on the ECG. We hypothesized that a convolutional neural network (CNN) could be trained through a process called deep learning to predict a person’s age and self-reported sex using only 12-lead ECG signals. We further hypothesized that discrepancies between CNN-predicted age and chronological age may serve as a physiological measure of health.

Methods:

We trained CNNs using 10-second samples of 12-lead ECG signals from 499 727 patients to predict sex and age. The networks were tested on a separate cohort of 275 056 patients. Subsequently, 100 randomly selected patients with multiple ECGs over the course of decades were identified to assess within-individual accuracy of CNN age estimation.

Results:

Of 275 056 patients tested, 52% were males and mean age was 58.6±16.2 years. For sex classification, the model obtained 90.4% classification accuracy with an area under the curve of 0.97 in the independent test data. Age was estimated as a continuous variable with an average error of 6.9±5.6 years (R-squared =0.7). Among 100 patients with multiple ECGs over the course of at least 2 decades of life, most patients (51%) had an average error between real age and CNN-predicted age of <7 years. Major factors seen among patients with a CNN-predicted age that exceeded chronologic age by >7 years included: low ejection fraction, hypertension, and coronary disease (
P
<0.01). In the 27% of patients where correlation was >0.8 between CNN-predicted and chronologic age, no incident events occurred over follow-up (33±12 years).

Conclusions:

Applying artificial intelligence to the ECG allows prediction of patient sex and estimation of age. The ability of an artificial intelligence algorithm to determine physiological age, with further validation, may serve as a measure of overall health.
Clinical Outcomes Following Implantation of Thin-Strut, Bioabsorbable Polymer-Coated, Everolimus-Eluting SYNERGY Stents
Authors: Kereiakes Dean J. , Windecker Stephan , Jobe R. Lee , Mehta Shamir R. , Sarembock Ian J. , Feldman Robert L. , Stein Bernardo , Dubois Christophe , Grady Timothy , Saito Shigeru , Kimura Takeshi , Underwood Paul , Allocco Dominic J. , Meredith Ian T.
Published: August 2019

Background:

The thin-strut SYNERGY stent has an abluminal everolimus-eluting bioabsorbable polymer coating designed to facilitate vascular healing and reduce risk of stent thrombosis. In the multicenter, randomized EVOLVE II trial (The EVOLVE II Clinical Trial to Assess the SYNERGY Stent System for the Treatment of Atherosclerotic Lesion[s]), SYNERGY was noninferior to the durable polymer PROMUS Element Plus everolimus-eluting stent for the primary end point of 1-year target lesion failure. Longer-term clinical follow-up will support the relative efficacy and safety of SYNERGY.

Methods:

Patients with ≤3 native coronary lesions (reference vessel diameter ≥2.25–≤4.00 mm; length ≤34 mm) in ≤2 major epicardial vessels were randomized 1:1 to SYNERGY (N=838) or PROMUS Element Plus (N=846). EVOLVE II included a Diabetes substudy which pooled patients with diabetes mellitus from the randomized controlled trial (n=263) and from a sequential, single-arm substudy (N=203).

Results:

The 5-year target lesion failure rate was 14.3% for SYNERGY and 14.2% for PROMUS Element Plus (
P
=0.91). Landmark analysis demonstrated similar rates of target lesion failure from discharge to 1-year (
P
=0.90) and from 1 to 5 years (
P
=0.94). Definite/probable stent thrombosis was infrequent in both arms (SYNERGY 0.7% versus PROMUS Element Plus 0.9%;
P
=0.75). There were no significant differences in the rates of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or revascularization. Among patients with diabetes mellitus, the target lesion failure rate to 1-year was noninferior to a prespecified performance goal and to 5 years was 17.0%.

Conclusions:

SYNERGY demonstrated comparable outcomes to PROMUS Element Plus, with low rates of stent thrombosis and adverse events through 5 years of follow-up. Five-year clinical outcomes were favorable in patients with diabetes mellitus. These data support the long-term safety and effectiveness of SYNERGY in a broad range of patients.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01665053.
Building a Holistic Taxonomy Model for OGD-Related Risks: Based on a Lifecycle Analysis
Authors: Wang Fang , Zhao An , Zhao Hong , Chu Jun
Published: August 2019

For many government departments, uncertainty aversion is a source of barriers in the advancement of data openness. A more active response to potential risks is needed and necessitates an in-depth examination of risks related to open government data (OGD). With a cross-case study in which three cases from the United Kingdom, the United States and China are examined, this study identifies potential risks that might emerge at different stages of the lifecycle of OGD programs and constructs a taxonomy model for them. The taxonomy model distinguishes the “risks from OGD” from the “risks to OGD”, which can help government departments make better responses. Finally, risk response strategies are suggested based on the research results.
The case of the midwife toad revisited
Authors: van Alphen Jacques J. M. , Arntzen Jan W.
Published: August 2019

In a recent paper it was suggested that results published by Kammerer (1911) on the midwife toad could be explained by epigenetics (Vargas et al., 2016). We show that data thought to be fitting are based on untested assumptions about the underlying genetic mechanisms. We cite recent studies on the genetics of life history traits, in particular egg-size and number, to show that these assumptions are not realistic. We review aspects of Kammerer’s experimental results on the midwife toad for which there are no plausible mechanisms, i.e. toads switching from land-breeding to water-breeding in response to an increase in temperature, eggs becoming resistant to moulds within a few generations, the gradual development of nuptial pads, heterochronous changes in the development of water-born larvae, and conclude that Kammerer cannot have obtained the results he claims. We argue that natural selection would not have favoured a change in reproductive mode and the loss of parental care and that an epigenetic master switch, affecting many different traits simultaneously, would have either eroded during more than 15 million years of land-breeding and/or would have disappeared by natural selection against it. Finally, we show that Kammerer's data are remarkably close to the invoked Mendelian ratio and too good to be genuine. We conclude that Kammerer’s data are fictitious and that Vargas et al. (2016) have used non-existing data in search of support for a role of epigenetics in neo-Lamarckian evolution.
Combining old and new evidence to increase the known biodiversity value of the Sahamalaza Peninsula, Northwest Madagascar
Authors: Penny Samuel G. , Crottini Angelica , Andreone Franco , Bellati Adriana , Rakotozafy Lovasoa M.S. , Holderied Marc W. , Schwitzer Christoph , Rosa Gonçalo M.
Published: August 2019

Prior herpetological surveys in 1996 and 2000 identified 14 species of amphibians and 32 species of reptiles from the Sahamalaza Peninsula. This work increases the total number of amphibian and reptile species known from this area to 20 and 43 respectively. To maximise our chances of species detection, survey effort covered the entire wet season and part of the dry season, and utilised a combination of opportunistic searching, transect searching, pitfall trapping, and acoustic recording. We identified species through an integrative taxonomic approach, combining morphological, bioacoustic and molecular taxonomy. Together, this enabled the detection of cryptic and seasonally inactive species that were missed in the shorter prior surveys that relied on morphological identification alone. The taxonomic identification of amphibians utilised a fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene; taxonomic identification of reptiles utilised a fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene, and when necessary, also mitochondrial fragments of the 16S rRNA ND1, ND2, ND4 genes. All sequences were deposited in Genbank and COI sequences were also deposited in the BOLD database to foster taxonomic identification of malagasy reptiles. We report two new taxa: a species of Boophis, since described as B. ankarafensis, and a candidate new species of microhylid (genus: Stumpffia). We document range expansions of Boophis tsilomaro, Cophyla berara, Blaesodactylus ambonihazo beyond their type localities. Along with significant range expansions across a range of taxa, including Blommersia sp. Ca05, Boophys brachychir,
Brookesia minima, Ebenavia inunguis, Geckolepis humbloti, Madascincus stumpffi, Pelomedus subrufa and Phelsuma kochi. Forest in the peninsula is under extreme pressure from human exploitation. Unless unsustainable agricultural and pastoral practices encroaching on these habitats halt immediately, both forest and the species that occur there, several of which appear to be local endemics, may be irreversibly lost.
An unexpected twist: Sperm cells coil to the right in land snails and to the left in song birds
Authors: Schilthuizen Menno , Langelaan Rob , Hemmings Nicola , van Oostenbrugge Wesley , Visser Stefan
Published: August 2019

In animals, cell polarity may initiate symmetry breaking very early in development, ultimately leading to whole-body asymmetry. Helical sperm cells, which occur in a variety of animal clades, are one class of cells that show clearly visible bilateral asymmetry. We used scanning-electron microscopy to study coiling direction in helical sperm cells in two groups of animals that have figured prominently in the sperm morphology literature, namely land snails, Stylommatophora (514 spermatozoa, from 27 individuals, belonging to 8 species and 4 families) and songbirds, Passeriformes (486 spermatozoa, from 26 individuals, belonging to 18 species and 8 families). We found that the snail sperm cells were consistently dextral (clockwise), whereas the bird sperm cells were consistently sinistral (counterclockwise). We discuss reasons why this apparent evolutionary conservatism of sperm cell chirality may or may not be related to whole-body asymmetry.
Occupying the Land, Grabbing the Body
Authors: Močnik Nena
Published: August 2019

This article traces trajectories of colonized bodies and (female) sexualities through the geopolitical and historical continuity in the territories of what is now Bosnia-Herzegovina. Starting with the historiographic overview of women under Ottoman rule, the author addresses the “patriarchal bargain,” that is, women’s (in)voluntary choice to accommodate the frame of patriarchal norms and restrictions. The second section moves to the period of the Bosnian war in the 1990s and turns to the study of female bodies subjected to “double colonialism.” If women had been previously codified, categorized, and disciplined through the patriarchal system, during the war, the author claims, the military, political, and cultural occupation of their “land” doubles the “colonialization.” In the third part of this study, the author observes how the history of (semi)colonial practices in Bosnia-Herzegovina is reflected in present cultural patterns and physical manifestations through women’s bodies as the phenomenon that some authors with (justified) hesitation call “neo-ottomanism.”
Contextualization of the Local
Authors: Džuverović Nemanja
Published: August 2019

The critical literature on peacebuilding has mainly addressed the local and its agency in the post-conflict phase while the nexus between context occurring prior to the implementation of the liberal peace agenda and subsequent hybridization of the local and the international has largely been overlooked. Accordingly, this text discusses the idea that success of any peacebuilding project is also dependent on political, economic or social circumstances present in a country or region before international intervention. Hence, the article analyses the context in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (sfry) before the conflicts in the 1990s as a decisive factor to understanding successful implementation of the liberal peace in the region.
Genetic diversity among and within populations of Raphanus raphanistrum and Brassica tournefortii (Brassicaceae) in Israel: a case study for planning ex situ conservation program of crop wild relatives
Authors: Barazani Oz , Hanin Nir , Bajpai Prabodh Kumar , Waitz Yoni , Barzilai Michal , Keren-Keiserman Alexandra , Faraj Tomer , Mayzlish-Gati Einav , Westberg Erik , Ziffer-Berger Jotham
Published: August 2019

The winter annuals Brassica tournefortii and Raphanus raphanistrum (Brassicaceae) share similar habitats and life-history traits, but differ in their reproduction system (self-compatibility vs. self-incompatibility, respectively). The two phylogenetically close species offer means to assess the effect of reproductive biology on genetic diversity between and within populations. In general, genetic diversity between populations of B. tournefortii was higher than that found between populations of R. raphanistrum, while higher genetic diversity indices were evident within populations of R. raphanistrum. In addition, the results of pairwise genetic distances indicated that the genetic distances between populations can be associated to the species’ reproductive biology and not to the population’s distribution pattern. We discuss whether knowledge of reproductive and habitat characteristics can be used to predict genetic diversity when planning sampling scheme for ex situ conservation.
Utilization of natural variation in Cephalaria joppensis to diversify wheat forage crop rotation in Israel
Authors: Galili Shmuel , Hovav Ran , Bellalou Aharon , Amir-Segev Orit , Badani Hana , Deutch Tova , Rubinovich Lior , Asher Aviv , Faraj Tomer , Singer Alon
Published: August 2019

The recently domesticated species, Cephalaria joppensis (CJ), emerges as a new alternative forage crop in Israel. It has high biomass potential and nutritional values that are comparable to forage wheat. Still, much of the agronomic information regarding CJ is based mainly on a single variety, cv. Rishon, and the genetic variability of this species has not been evaluated. In the last 3 years, CJ seeds have been collected from more than 200 natural populations in Israel. In this work, we characterized 42 of these populations in a replicated field trial, using cv. Rishon as a control. In addition, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was calibrated to predict nutritional attributes. NIRS was found to be instrumental in producing excellent predictions of ash, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, in-vitro digestibility and rumen degradability, but it did not predict lignin or nitrate. Large variation was found among the accessions with respect to growth rate, flowering time and yield, with several accessions scoring significantly higher than cv. Rishon. Almost no variation was found in nutritional quality-related traits. Early flowering populations were somewhat less fibers and higher digestibility than late flowering populations. The natural variation in agronomic traits will facilitate the development of new breeding germplasm for CJ in the near future.
The Institute of Evolution Wild Cereal Gene Bank at the University of Haifa
Authors: Krugman Tamar , Nevo Eviatar , Beharav Alex , Sela Hanan , Fahima Tzion
Published: August 2019

The Institute of Evolution Wild Cereal Gene Bank (ICGB) at the University of Haifa, Israel, harbors extensive collections of wild emmer wheat (WEW), Triticum dicoccoides, and wild barley (WB), Hordeum spontaneum, the primary progenitors of wheat and barley, respectively. The ICGB also includes minor collections of 10 species of Aegilops, wild oat (Avena barbata), and Brachypodium stacei and B. hybridum (previously distachyon). Here, we describe the WEW and WB collections, explain sampling strategies, and introduce related studies. Natural populations were sampled across Israel along aridity gradients, occurring from north to south and from west to east, and in local microsites with variable (or contrasting) ecological factors. The collection sites varied greatly in terms of climatic (rainfall, temperature and humidity), edaphic (soil types), and topography (altitude, slope) variables. Thus, the ICGB collections represent wild cereals adapted to a wide range of habitats and eco-geographical conditions. We have collected and preserved these unique gene pools since mid-70th, and further used them for theoretical and applied studies in population genetics, evolution, domestication, adaptation to local and regional habitats, and coping mechanisms for a plethora of biotic and abiotic stresses. Our studies revealed that WEW and WB populations from Israel harbor high adaptive genetic diversity that can serve as a reservoir of beneficial alleles to improve important agronomic traits such as disease resistance, drought tolerance and improved grain protein content. These mostly untapped genetic resources could contribute to increasing world food production for the constantly rising human population.
Ex-situ conservation strategies for endangered plants in the Israel Gene Bank
Authors: Mayzlish-Gati Einav , Walczak Margareta , Singer Alon , Faraj Tomer , Golan Sivan , Lifshitz Dikla , Bar Dana , Ur Yair , Carmeli Dafna , Lotan Ran , Fridman Ofra , Daniel Alma , Sade Yael , Perevolotsky Avi , Hadas Rivka , Barazani Oz
Published: August 2019

Israel is a geographically small and relatively new state (founded in 1948) with high population density, industrial development and economic growth, all of which negatively affect the environment, particularly biodiversity. There is, however, a growing awareness in the country of the need for environmental and biodiversity protection. The Israel Nature and Parks Authority (INPA), the official body legally responsible for protecting natural habitats, biodiversity and ecosystems in Israel, established a program to protect and conserve the endangered, near-threatened and very rare (ENtR) plants listed in the Israel Red Data Book of flora at risk. In this communication, we describe the ex-situ conservation strategies of the Israel Gene Bank (IGB) within this program. The IGB has expanded its role in the conservation of ENtR species from only ex-situ seed conservation to active involvement in whole-plant conservation and reintroducing ENtR species back into nature. In the past 10 years, 1289 accessions belonging to 68% of the species in the Red List were collected to form the IGB core collection of endangered and rare species. The germination unit of the IGB developed 198 new protocols and propagated 87 different ENtR species.
A revision of the family Typhlotanaidae Sieg 1984 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) with the remarks on the Nototanaidae Sieg, 1976
Authors: BŁAŻEWICZ-PASZKOWYCZ MAGDALENA
Published: August 2019

Recent tanaidacean material collected from Antarctic waters, primarily during the ANDEEP expeditions of 2002 and 2005, includes a number of new taxa attributable to the families Nototanaidae and Typhlotanaidae sensu Sieg. Analysis of this material has exposed a problem with the recent contention of the two families, and has revealed consistent morphological trends which support the distinction of these two families. In the present paper, examination of both museum specimens and newly-collected material, has allowed a re-analysis based on a series of detailed morphological observations, resulting in a new definition of the families Typhlotanaidae Sieg, 1984 with the establishment of five new genera (Hamatipeda n. gen., Larsenotanais n. gen., Pulcherella n. gen., Torquella n. gen., Typhlamia n. gen.), a the description of thirteen new species, the redescription of fifteen species, and the construction of keys for the determination of typhlotanaid genera and of the species of three newly-erected genera.
New State and Host Records for Agromyzidae (Diptera) in the United States, with the Description of Ten New Species
Authors: EISEMAN CHARLES S. , LONSDALE OWEN
Published: August 2019

We present novel rearing records of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from throughout the United States. We describe leaf mines or other larval habits for 14 species, plus three others that could not be confidently identified in the absence of male specimens. We review host and distribution data for the known species, reporting 14 new host species records (including the first rearing records for Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) magnicornis (Loew)) and 12 new state records (including the first USA record for Phytomyza prava Spencer). We also describe and provide natural history information for the following ten new species: Agromyza princei, Melanagromyza vanderlindeni, Ophiomyia antennariae, O. osmorhizae, Calycomyza smallanthi, Liriomyza euphorbiella, L. garryae, L. phloxiphaga, Phytomyza nemophilae, and P. salviarum.
New silky lacewings from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Insecta: Neuroptera: Psychopsidae)
Authors: BAI HAIYAN , CHANG YU , SHIH CHUNGKUN , REN DONG , WANG YONGJIE
Published: August 2019

A new genus with a new species, Lasiopsychops impunctatus gen. et sp. nov., and a new species, Electropsychops oligophlebius sp. nov., of silky lacewings in Psychopsidae are described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Lasiopsychops gen. nov. has typical characters of the extant Psychopsidae, i.e., broad triangular forewing, broad costal space, presence of the vena triplica and the paired ectoprocts and gonocoxites 9 of female genitalia, implying its close affinity with the extant lineages of Psychopsidae. The new findings of the Cretaceous psychopsids enhance our knowledge on the diversity and evolution of Psychopsidae during the Mesozoic.
The discovery of Rock Geckos Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in the Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar with the description of two new species
Authors: LEE JUSTIN L. , MILLER ARYEH H. , ZUG GEORGE R. , MULCAHY DANIEL G.
Published: August 2019

We report the first occurrence of the Asian Rock Gecko genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 from mainland Myanmar based on a series of specimens recently collected from the Tanintharyi Region. These records come from several localities in the Tanintharyi Region and fill a significant sampling gap for the genus. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using the mitochondrial gene ND2 identify two distinct clades, the first includes Cnemaspis siamensis of the Southeast Asian Cnemaspis group and the second includes two new species belonging to the South Asian Cnemaspis kandiana group. These two species are morphologically distinct and are distinguished from all other members in the C. kandiana group by a combination of character states. The first species, Cnemaspis tanintharyi sp. nov. occurs on the mainland in southern Tanintharyi and is distinguished from all congeners by the possession of keeled pectoral scales; smooth ventral scales and abdominal scales; 2–4 precloacal pores; 4–5 femoral pores on each leg; smooth subcaudal scales with the median row enlarged; coloration of the gular region beige, dark gray-brown with dark blue hueing towards throat; 15–18 subdigital lamellae on the 4th toe; and 21–23 ventral scales at midbody. The other, Cnemaspis thayawthadangyi sp. nov. is known only from the island group of Thayawthadangyi, in the Myeik Archipelago and is distinguished from all congeners by the possession of keeled pectoral scales; keeled ventral scales and abdominal scales; three precloacal pores; four femoral pores on each leg; smooth subcaudal scales, scales on median row enlarged; coloration of the gular region silver with dark-gray irregularly shaped streaks; 16–18 subdigital lamellae on the 4th toe; and 18–20 ventral scales at midbody. In addition, we address the taxonomic status of populations referred to as C. kandiana (a species now restricted to Sri Lanka) found in peninsular Thailand and provisionally assign them as C. cf. tanintharyi sp. nov. until further analysis can be conducted. Finally, we briefly discuss the biogeography of the South Asian clade of Cnemaspis.
A new species of Antocha Osten Sacken, 1860 (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Sichuan, China
Authors: MARKEVIČIŪTĖ RADVILĖ , PODENAS SIGITAS , SALDAITIS AIDAS , BERNOTIENĖ RASA
Published: August 2019

The short-palped crane fly, Antocha (Antocha) bella Markevičiūtė & Podenas sp. nov., is described from specimens collected in Sichuan, China. Redescriptions of Antocha (Antocha) fortidens Alexander, 1933 and Antocha (Antocha) nebulipennis immaculata Alexander, 1938, illustrations of distinguishing morphological features, general distribution, checklist and key to species of Antocha Osten Sacken from Sichuan, China are provided.
Causes for the Century-Long Decline in Colorado River Flow
Authors: Hoerling M. , Barsugli J. , Livneh B. , Eischeid J. , Quan X. , Badger A.
Published: August 2019

Upper Colorado River basin streamflow has declined by roughly 20% over the last century of the instrumental period, based on estimates of naturalized flow above Lees Ferry. Here we assess factors causing the decline and evaluate the premise that rising surface temperatures have been mostly responsible. We use an event attribution framework involving parallel sets of global model experiments with and without climate change drivers. We demonstrate that climate change forcing has acted to reduce Upper Colorado River basin streamflow during this period by about 10% (with uncertainty range of 6%–14% reductions). The magnitude of the observed flow decline is found to be inconsistent with natural variability alone, and approximately one-half of the observed flow decline is judged to have resulted from long-term climate change. Each of three different global models used herein indicates that climate change forcing during the last century has acted to increase surface temperature (~+1.2°C) and decrease precipitation (~−3%). Using large ensemble methods, we diagnose the separate effects of temperature and precipitation changes on Upper Colorado River streamflow. Precipitation change is found to be the most consequential factor owing to its amplified impact on flow resulting from precipitation elasticity (percent change in streamflow per percent change in precipitation) of ~2. We confirm that warming has also driven streamflow declines, as inferred from empirical studies, although operating as a secondary factor. Our finding of a modest −2.5% °C−1 temperature sensitivity, on the basis of our best model-derived estimate, indicates that only about one-third of the attributable climate change signal in Colorado River decline resulted from warming, whereas about two-thirds resulted from precipitation decline.
Assessment of Tide Gauge Biases and Precision by the Combination of Multiple Collocated Time Series
Authors: Gobron Kevin , de Viron Olivier , Wöppelmann Guy , Poirier Étienne , Ballu Valérie , Van Camp Michel
Published: August 2019

This study proposes a method for the cross calibration of tide gauges. Based on the combination of at least three collocated sea level time series, it takes advantage of the least squares variance component estimation (LS-VCE) method to assess both sea level biases and uncertainties in real conditions. The method was applied to a multi-instrument experiment carried out on Aix Island, France, in 2016. Six tide gauges were deployed to carry out simultaneous sea level recordings for 11 h. The best results were obtained with an electrical contact probe, which reaches a 3-mm uncertainty. The method allows us to assess both the biases and the precision—that is, the full accuracy—for each instrument. The results obtained with the proposed combination method have been compared to that of a buddy-checking method. It showed that the combination of all the time series also provides more precise bias estimates.
Impact of Increased Vertical Resolution on Medium-Range Forecasts in a Global Atmospheric Model
Authors: Lee Eunjeong , Lee Eun-Hee , Choi In-Jin
Published: August 2019

This study aims to investigate the impact of increased vertical resolution on global medium-range forecasts. For this purpose, the dependencies of simulated atmospheric temperature and specific humidity on the lowest model level height and vertical grid spacing are investigated. The reduced first model level increases vertical turbulent mixing by determining a higher planetary boundary layer (PBL) height and associated turbulent diffusivities and velocity scales. This contributes to warming/drying within the PBL and cooling/moistening above the PBL. Resulting dryness near the surface enhances an increase in surface moisture flux from the ocean, which results in the apparent moistening of the troposphere. Consequently, large-scale precipitation increases due to more humid atmospheric conditions, while convective precipitation decreases because of drier conditions near the starting level of convection. Meanwhile, the reduced vertical grid spacing resolves the overshooting layer well in the cumulus convection process, which decreases the detrained moisture at the convective cloud top. This leads to a noticeable downward shift of ice clouds in the upper troposphere, and further contributes to the enhancement of longwave cooling via cloud–radiation processes. In medium-range forecasts, the increased vertical resolution exerts a significant impact on the simulated features of tropospheric temperature and humidity, while changes in the prediction accuracy precipitation are negligible owing to compensation between convective and large-scale precipitation. Finally, the discussion of possible methods to minimize the sensitivities of model’s physics to vertical resolution is presented.
Using a Coevolutionary Postprocessor to Improve Skill for Both Forecasts of Surface Temperature and Nowcasts of Convection Occurrence
Authors: Roebber Paul J. , Crockett John
Published: August 2019

An evolutionary programming postprocessor, using coevolution in a predator–prey ecosystem model, is developed and applied both to 72-h, 2-m temperature forecasts for the conterminous United States and southern Canada and to 60-min nowcasts of convection occurrence for the United States east of 94°W. The new approach improves deterministic and probabilistic forecasts of surface temperature relative to bias-corrected numerical weather prediction forecasts and to an earlier version of evolutionary programming forecasts for these same data. The new method also improves deterministic performance for an artificial neural network trained and evaluated for these same data. Additionally, the new approach substantially improves these forecasts’ reliability, as evidenced by reductions in the occurrence of excessive outliers in the rank histogram. The coevolutionary postprocessor also improves deterministic nowcasts of convection occurrence when compared to those produced by the National Weather Service’s AutoNowCaster system and to those obtained using multiple logistic regression. Notably, the degree of improvement relative to traditional methods appears to be problem dependent, while the training and implementation of such a system requires additional effort. However, the coevolutionary system is shown to be robust to imbalances between the frequency of positive and null events in the training data, unlike many postprocessing methods; to be implementable and effective in an adaptive mode, removing the need for retraining as inputs (such as numerical weather prediction model data) change; and to provide a useful, alternative perspective on the likelihood of event occurrence when used in combination with other methods.
Transverse Young's modulus of carbon/glass hybrid fiber composites
Authors: Venkatesan Ganesh , Ripepi Maximilian J , Bakis Charles E
Published: August 2019

Hybrid fiber composites offer designers a means of tailoring the stress–strain behavior of lightweight materials used in high-performance structures. While the longitudinal stress–strain behavior of unidirectional hybrid fiber composites has been thoroughly evaluated experimentally and analytically, relatively little information is available on the transverse behavior. The objective of the current investigation is to present data on the transverse modulus of elasticity of unidirectional composites with five different ratios of carbon and glass fiber and to compare the data with predictive and fitted models. The transverse modulus increases monotonically with the proportion of glass fiber in the composite. Finite element analysis was used to evaluate different ways to model voids in the matrix and allowed the unknown transverse properties of the carbon fibers to be backed out using experimental data from the all-carbon composite. The finite element results show that the transverse modulus can be accurately modeled if voids are modeled explicitly in the matrix region and if modulus is calculated based on stress applied along the minimum interfiber distance path between adjacent fibers arranged in a rectangular array. The transverse modulus was under-predicted by the iso-stress model and was well predicted by a modified iso-stress model and a modified Halpin–Tsai model.
Axin2+-Mesenchymal PDL Cells, Instead of K14+ Epithelial Cells, Play a Key Role in Rapid Cementum Growth
Authors: Xie X. , Wang J. , Wang K. , Li C. , Zhang S. , Jing D. , Xu C. , Wang X. , Zhao H. , Feng J.Q.
Published: August 2019

To date, attempts to regenerate functional periodontal tissues (including cementum) are largely unsuccessful due to a lack of full understanding about the cellular origin (epithelial or mesenchymal cells) essential for root cementum growth. To address this issue, we first identified a rapid cementum growth window from the ages of postnatal day 28 (P28) to P56. Next, we showed that expression patterns of Axin2 and β-catenin within cementum-forming periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are negatively associated with rapid cementum growth. Furthermore, cell lineage tracing studies revealed that the Axin2+-mesenchymal PDL cells and their progeny rapidly expand and directly contribute to postnatal acellular and cellular cementum growth. In contrast, the number of K14+ epithelial cells, which were initially active at early stages of development, was reduced during rapid cementum formation from P28 to P56. The in vivo cell ablation of these Axin2+ cells using Axin2CreERT2/+; R26RDTA/+ mice led to severe cementum hypoplasia, whereas constitutive activation of β-catenin in the Axin2+ cells resulted in an acceleration in cellular cementogenesis plus a transition from acellular cementum to cellular cementum. Thus, we conclude that Axin2+-mesenchymal PDL cells, instead of K14+ epithelial cells, significantly contribute to rapid cementum growth.
Including the excluded: Luke 14:1–14
Authors: Younger Brett
Published: August 2019

Unfortunately, sometimes, the underprivileged feel like a problem to be solved. Reading a story such as Luke 14:1–14 and realizing that Jesus has more in common with the homeless than with most of us is uncomfortable. Whereas Pharisees like us are pushing to the head of a rectangular table, Jesus’ table is a circle where no person is better than another.
“Really present to bless”: The sacrament of creation and a practical ethic of environmental care for the local church
Authors: Smith Joshua Paul
Published: August 2019

Anthropogenic climate change poses the greatest existential threat humans have ever faced as a species. Churches must find creative ways to confront this frightening new reality, but how are we to do so faithfully? The first half of the article explores the suggestion that a harmful modern worldview of “disenchantment” is partly to blame for our current environmental crisis, and that this perspective fails to account adequately for God’s real presence “in, with, and under” creation. The article then offers a short theological “sketch” that considers how a more robust sacramental imagination might challenge pastors and congregations to think differently about the interlocking relationships between God, humanity, and creation. Finally, the second half of the article recommends three small, practical steps that serve as “living signs” of this sacramental creation theology when put into practice by local churches, beginning with our dinner tables.
Beholding the cosmos: Huygens’ Cosmotheoros and the latter-day Copernicans
Authors: van den Berg Hugo A
Published: August 2019

Christiaan Huygens, a founding father of modern physics and astronomy, speculated on extraterrestrial life toward the end of his life. Some of his speculations now seem quaint or naïve, but in other respects, Huygens was admirably enlightened. Huygens’ thought was permeated by Copernicanism and the associated way of thinking that may be termed the principle of indifference. Modern descendants of this statistical mode of generating speculations has given rise to speculations that are, in their own way, as naïve and untenable as Huygens’ argument for hemp on Jupiter.
The role of the state in China’s post-disaster reconstruction planning: Implications for resilience
Authors: Xu Jiang , Shao Yiwen
Published: August 2019

Rooted in natural and engineering sciences, the concept of resilience has attracted growing attention in social science and public policy. The evolving resilience paradigm assumes the concept is at odds with state control, and instead emphasises the coping capacities of communities and individuals. This assumption might overlook the multifaceted and context-specific nature of resilience. Drawing on an empirical study of state-led reconstruction planning, this article argues that it is the deep and active involvement of the state, rather than its retreat, that helps promote resilience building in China’s earthquake-hit areas. Through a combination of online questionnaire survey and interviews, the article assesses how the Chinese state mobilises and coordinates a wide range of state and non-state actors to enable communities to achieve different aspects of resilience, while also sometimes constraining them from doing so.
Domestic Violence in Assam: Socio-structural Dynamics
Authors: Mahjebeen Joanna
Published: August 2019

Conventional wisdom would have us believe that Assam is a state where the status of women is comparatively better off than that of their counterparts in the rest of India, that they suffer from fewer instances of domestic violence. The geographical contiguity of a region which contains some matrilineal tribal societies, significant female mobility, and a near absence of practices such as dowry or sati as part of tradition, might lend some credibility to this belief. However, present indicators and crime statistics have actually shown a high incidence of overall crimes against women in Assam. A complex socio-political milieu, characterised by increasing militarism and insurgency, continuing ethnic and group conflicts in an overall environment where ‘market forces’ dominate, has in its own way posed serious challenges to the security of women and led to the opening up of more and more ‘violent spaces’ –the home being one one of them. The present study endeavours to explore the socio-structural dynamics and contexts rooted in Assam that perpetuate domestic violence against women. The study underscores the necessity of informed policy-level interventions and a holistic approach to address structural constraints that underpin such violence.
The effects of video gaming on visual selective attention
Authors: Matern Michael Frank , van der Westhuizen Amanda , Mostert Sonja N
Published: August 2019

A growing body of research shows that video games may be used to enhance cognitive skills, with particular reference to attentional abilities. This research study explored the effects of video game playing on visual selective attention in a young adult sample. A secondary research objective explored the possibility that gender acted as a moderating variable with regard to their visual selective attention. This was achieved by means of a quantitative research design, which consisted of a survey research and a quasi-experimental research design. Participants were sampled using purposive sampling ( n = 80), and to test the effects of video game playing and gender on visual selective attention, participants were exposed to a computerised version of the Stroop task. Data were analysed using a two-way between-group analysis of variance (ANOVA) and results indicated a statistically significant difference in visual selective attention abilities between video game players and the non-players. Video gamers thus exhibited more advanced attentional skills than non-players. There were no interaction effects between video game playing and gender, and gender did not have a statistically significant main effect on participants’ visual selective attention.