bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROSES PENCIPTAAN MANUSIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR'AN DAN SAINS: STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Febrika Dwi Suci , Sani Anindita Fildzah
Published: July 2023

Dibandingkan dengan makhluk hidup lain yang diciptakan oleh Allah SWT, manusia adalah makhluk yang paling sempurna. Dimulai dengan susunan jasmani, rohani, dan mental tubuh, yang Allah lengkapi dengan hikmat. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk melihat perbedaan proses bagaimana manusia diciptakan dari sudut pandang Al-Qur'an dan sains. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan dokumen-dokumen dari artikel yang berkaitan dengan variabel penelitian. Hasil dari pembahasan artikel ini ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan temuan yang akan membantu setiap orang memahami perbedaan antara agama dan sains, salah satunya adalah Al-Qur'an yang dapat digunakan sebagai panduan untuk menjelaskan teori-teori ilmiah seperti biologi. Hasil dari artikel ini yaitu bahwa rumusan-rumusan Al-Qur'an tentang penciptaan manusia, yang di dalamnya terdapat berbagai rumusan yang beragam. Menurut bagian-bagian tertentu, manusia diciptakan dari tanah liat, tembikar, tanah, air kotor, air yang tumpah, dan air mani yang dikeluarkan. Proses terjadinya manusia juga terjadi dalam tiga bagian, menurut sains, dan fase zigot, yang berlangsung sejak pembuahan hingga akhir minggu kedua, dijelaskan. Fase janin berlangsung dari akhir bulan kedua hingga kelahiran, sedangkan fase embrio berlangsung dari akhir minggu kedua hingga akhir bulan kedua.
PERAN ETIKA GURU BIOLOGI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Khairatunnisa Khairatunnisa , Zulyusri Zulyusri
Published: July 2023

Guru tidak hanya sebagai pengajar tetapi sekaligus sebagai pendidik. Dalam hal pendidikan guru diharuskan bisa menanamkan karakter yang baik terhadap peserta didik. Pada saat ini banyak sekali kasus penyimpangan karakter peserta didik yang menyimpang sehingga tidak bisa dikatakan sebagai peserta didik. Permasalahan ini sangat membutuhkan peranan guru khususnya guru biologi, apabila etika peserta didik sudah rusak maka bisa dipastikan peserta didik tersebut bisa melakukan penyimpangan terhadap alam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Etika Guru Biologi Dalam Meningkatkan Karakter Peserta Didik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu studi literatur artikel yang terkait. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara etika guru biologi dalam meningkatkan karakter peserta didik.
KEPEDULIAN DAN KEBERSIHAN LINGKUNGAN SISWA-SISWI SDN 3 SAWOJAJAR KOTA MALANG
Authors: Qumariyah Siti Nur , Muhadjir Abdul Hamid , Budiarsono Toni , Susandi Susandi , Soraya Artifa , Aris Tria Muhammad
Published: July 2023

A clean environment is everyone’s dream. However, creating an environment that is uncluttered and eye-chatching is a challenge in itself. We often ignore environmental hygiene issues in our immediate environment, especially the school environment, due to busyness and other factors. A clean environment has many advantages for everyone. The aim is to increase the participation of school members in making the environment around the school clean and unpolluted. The program of activities is carried out in an environmental care model with a community service team consisting of lecturers and students of Ikip Budi Utomo Malang. Their activities through efforts to clean up the school yard at SDN 3 Sawojajar. In general, school members are aware of the importance of maintaining a clean school for environmental preservation and health improvement. However, in terms of increasing this understanding, continuous motivation is needed both from the government and from instutions related to the environment.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN POP UP BOOK SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI MTS MAFATIHUL HUDA PUJON
Authors: Argarini Dian Fitri , Sunuyeko Nurcholis , Rochsun Rochsun , Nisa Lutfi Mukaromatun
Published: July 2023

Mathematics subjects are often considered difficult for students, especially junior high school students who have very lit t le emotion, not infrequently these students also regard mathematics as a fr ightening specter when the learning process takes place. Learning media as a tool that ca n help the teaching and learning process to achieve learning objectives that are effective and fun. One of the learning media that can be made with simple and inexpensive equipment for junior high school students is Pop up book media. The pop- up book media it self is a three- dimensional or 3D learning media where when the book is opened, pictures or writings appear that appear very interesting according to the material to be taught. This media tends to make students more interested in learning it and forget a lit t le about the difficulties and fears of mathematics.
A Survey About Patents, Invention and Commercialization Processes in Kazakhstan
Authors: Shakenova Ainura
Published: July 2023

This article is about the importance of intellectual property in the innovation process. It focuses on the results obtained in the survey with owners of patents in Kazakhstan. The questions were related to the processes of invention and commercialization. From the mainstream of responses, we identified those that are crucial in the process of invention and those that can affect the process of commercialization in the future. Namely, we were interested in the variables which are significant in the process of invention and how they affect commercialization. The result of the post-hoc test identified the data which differ within groups. It was found that eight variables were different in the combination of groups: the number of authors, the type of resource R&D, the number of patents, and the evaluation of the invention, expressed in terms of money. This test revealed that these variables change from group to group. Moreover, it allowed us to look deeper into the inventive process and identify the direction of these changes.
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Space Medicine
Authors: Cheung Hoi Ching , De Louche Calvin , Komorowski Matthieu
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION:During future interplanetary space missions, a number of health conditions may arise, owing to the hostile environment of space and the myriad of stressors experienced by the crew. When managing these conditions, crews will be required to make accurate, timely clinical decisions at a high level of autonomy, as telecommunication delays and increasing distances restrict real-time support from the ground. On Earth, artificial intelligence (AI) has proven successful in healthcare, augmenting expert clinical decision-making or enhancing medical knowledge where it is lacking. Similarly, deploying AI tools in the context of a space mission could improve crew self-reliance and healthcare delivery.

METHODS: We conducted a narrative review to discuss existing AI applications that could improve the prevention, recognition, evaluation, and management of the most mission-critical conditions, including psychological and mental health, acute radiation sickness, surgical emergencies, spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome, infections, and cardiovascular deconditioning.

RESULTS: Some examples of the applications we identified include AI chatbots designed to prevent and mitigate psychological and mental health conditions, automated medical imaging analysis, and closed-loop systems for hemodynamic optimization. We also discuss at length gaps in current technologies, as well as the key challenges and limitations of developing and deploying AI for space medicine to inform future research and innovation. Indeed, shifts in patient cohorts, space-induced physiological changes, limited size and breadth of space biomedical datasets, and changes in disease characteristics may render the models invalid when transferred from ground settings into space.

Cheung HC, De Louche C, Komorowski M. Artificial intelligence applications in space medicine. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(8):610–622.
Intrahepatic Splenosis in a Patient with Autoimmune Hepatitis with No History of Splenectomy or Abdominal Trauma
Authors: Aono Keiya , Suzuki Takahiro , Hattori Masaoki , Yoshihara Motoi
Published: July 2023

Splenosis should be suspected when a patient has a history of trauma or abdominal surgery. Intrahepatic splenosis is a rare disease that is often difficult to distinguish from liver malignancy, especially hepatocellular carcinoma. The cause of intrahepatic splenosis may be though the auto-transplantation of splenic tissue on the surface of the liver. The authors report a case of intrahepatic splenosis that presented as a liver tumour in an 81-year-old female treated for autoimmune hepatitis, who had no history of splenectomy or abdominal trauma. Laparoscopic hepatectomy was performed and the specimen demonstrated characteristic histopathological findings of the spleen. Only one case of a patient who had no history of splenectomy or abdominal trauma has been reported in the literature. It may be hypothesised that erythropoiesis induced by local hypoxia in the chronic hepatitis may cause the growth of splenic erythrocytic progenitor cells, which have migrated via portal vein to the liver.
Spherical Ball-Shaped Intrauterine Device Long-Acting Reversible Contraception: Post-marketing Pharmacovigilance Assessment
Authors: Lukes Andrea S. , Dial Scarlet , Dart Clint , Peipert Jeffrey F.
Published: July 2023

Objective: Pharmacovigilance assessment of a novel intrauterine spherical ball-shaped copper intrauterine device (Spherical Copper 300 mm2 intrauterine device [IUD]; OCON Medical Ltd., Modiin, Israel]) using data collected from both users and healthcare providers.

Study Design: Pharmacovigilance reports of undesirable side effects (events) were collected and evaluated based on healthcare providers who completed pharmacovigilance reporting related to device insertion and outcomes.

Results: Data was reviewed from 111,022 insertions from 23 countries. Insertions were performed by multiple types of providers: nurse practitioners, midwives, general practitioners, and obstetrician-gynaecologists. Out of 111,022 insertions, a total of 496 accumulative pregnancies were reported over a period of 70 months, for an effectiveness of 99.6% (n=110,706) over the reported period. Few complications were reported. Of those reported, expulsion rate was 3.30% (n=3,619), with median time from insertion to expulsion of 7 weeks (0–60 weeks), perforation rate of 0.05% (n=60), and pelvic inflammatory disease rate of 0.02% (n=23).

Conclusions: The Spherical Copper 300 mm2 IUD was used in a diverse group of women by a variety of medical providers. Spherical Copper 300 mm2 IUD use suggests high efficacy and safety with infrequent complications. The Spherical Copper 300 mm2 IUD is an additional option for women desiring reliable, reversible, long-acting, and non-hormonal contraception.

Implications: Females interested in a safe and highly effective, long-acting, reversible contraceptive method would benefit from additional options. Currently, the T-shaped Copper 380 mm2 IUD is the most prevalent, non-hormonal, long-acting, reversible contraceptive method for females, with over 99% effectiveness. The Spherical Copper 300 mm2 IUD offers an alternative contraceptive option for females who do not desire exogenous oestrogen or progestin exposure.
Long-term Effects of Plantar Plate Therapy for Subtalar Joint Valgus Type for One Case Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Authors: Shimizu Shingo , Katoh Yukihisa , Sabashi Seiji , Ida Kunio , Hanamura Hirokatu
Published: July 2023

There are many research reports showing that the effect of plantar plate on medial knee OA is effective in the short term, but there are few reports that it is effective for a long period of 6 months or longer. Also although there are many studies on plantar plate in the varus type of the subtalar joint, there are few studies in the valgus type of the subtalar joint. In this study, we investigated the long-term effect of wearing a plantar plate that guides the subtalar joint to a neutral position in patients with the subtalar joint valgus type. The case is an elderly female diagnosed with bilateral knee osteoarthritis. The case is an elderly female diagnosed with bilateral knee osteoarthritis. X-ray evaluation was right III, left III in KL grade.The plantar plate was evaluated by comparing the 10 m maximum effort walking time and pain evaluation VAS, the total consumption and the number of steps in one week without and immediately after wearing the plantar plate. In order to examine the long-term effects, functional evaluation was performed 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after the installation of the plantar plate.As a result, 10m walking time and walking pain improved, suggesting improvement in long-term walking ability after 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. In addition, SF36.v2, a health-related QOL evaluation scale, total consumption, and number of steps improved, and a weight loss effect was obtained. Based on the above, it is suggested that the manufactured plantar plate is effective for a long period of time. I thought For cases in which the subtalar joint is valgus, a plantar plate that induces varus to the subtalar joint is more suitable than a lateral wedge-shaped plantar plate that induces valgus to the subtalar joint.
Characterization of the upper respiratory tract microbiota in Chilean asthmatic children reveals compositional, functional, and structural differences
Authors: Ramos-Tapia Ignacio , Reynaldos-Grandón Katiuska L. , Pérez-Losada Marcos , Castro-Nallar Eduardo
Published: July 2023

Around 155 million people worldwide suffer from asthma. In Chile, the prevalence of this disease in children is around 15% and has a high impact in the health system. Studies suggest that asthma is caused by multiple factors, including host genetics, antibiotic use, and the development of the airway microbiota. Here, we used 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to characterize the nasal and oral mucosae of 63 asthmatic and 89 healthy children (152 samples) from Santiago, Chile. We found that the nasal mucosa was dominated by a high abundance of Moraxella, Dolosigranulum, Haemophilus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus. In turn, the oral mucosa was characterized by a high abundance of Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Gemella, Veillonella, Neisseria, and Porphyromonas. Our results showed significantly (P < 0.001) lower alpha diversity and an over-abundance of Streptococcus (P < 0.01) in nasal samples from asthmatics compared to samples from healthy subjects. Community structure, as revealed by co-occurrence networks, showed different microbial interactions in asthmatic and healthy subjects, particularly in the nasal microbiota. The networks revealed keystone genera in each body site, including Prevotella, Leptotrichia, and Porphyromonas in the nasal microbiota, and Streptococcus, Granulicatella, and Veillonella in the oral microbiota. We also detected 51 functional pathways differentially abundant on the nasal mucosa of asthmatic subjects, although only 13 pathways were overrepresented in the asthmatic subjects (P < 0.05). We did not find any significant differences in microbial taxonomic (composition and structure) and functional diversity between the oral mucosa of asthmatic and healthy subjects. This study explores for the first time the relationships between the upper respiratory airways bacteriome and asthma in Chile. It demonstrates that the nasal cavity of children from Santiago harbors unique bacterial communities and identifies potential taxonomic and functional biomarkers of pediatric asthma.
Research on irregular plane mid story isolation structures in castor earthquake prone areas considering SSI effect
Authors: Xiao Shuai , Li Cheng , Liu Dewen , Sun Weiwei , Lei Min
Published: July 2023

The rock composition of karst area is mainly limestone, which is easy to be eroded and dissolved by water, forming a complex and fragile tectonics. Under the action of earthquake, the instability of stratum is aggravated. The mid story isolation structure is a new type of isolation structure developed from the basic isolation structure, and irregular mid story isolation buildings are highly susceptible to adverse seismic conditions. Previous studies have mostly adopted the assumption of rigid foundations, neglecting the influence of soil on irregular structures. In order to study the seismic response of isolated structures in irregular planes in karst earthquake prone areas considering soil structure interaction, a finite element model of isolated structures in irregular planes considering soil component interaction was established, and the seismic response of the structure under rigid foundation was calculated. Soft and hard soil foundations were studied, and compared with structures without considering SSI effect. Research shows that when considering the SSI effect, the seismic response of the structure increases and the damage to the structure intensifies; When considering SSI, the seismic response of soft soil is greater than that of hard soil, and the softer the soil, the more obvious it becomes; After considering the SSI effect, the torsional effect caused by the irregularity of the plane increases; The design of building structures should fully consider the adverse effects of soil layers on the seismic response of structures under plane interlayer seismic irregularities. In the design of building structures, it is necessary to fully consider the adverse effects of irregular planes on the seismic response of the structure. This consideration is particularly important in the design of soft soil high-rise buildings in karst earthquake areas to prevent unsafe designs and consider the SSI effect in actual seismic resistance.
Linking information from multiple representations: an eye-tracking study
Authors: Susac Ana , Planinic Maja , Bubic Andreja , Jelicic Katarina , Palmovic Marijan
Published: July 2023

Eye tracking can provide valuable insights into how students use different representations to solve problems and can be a useful tool for measuring the integration of information from multiple representations. In this study, we measured the eye movements of 60 university students while solving two PISA items that contain graphs taken from mathematics and science assessments with the aim of studying the difference in visual attention between students who correctly and incorrectly identify graphs from a verbal description. We were particularly interested in the differences in the integration of information from different representations (text, graphs, and picture) between students who were successful or unsuccessful in solving items. The results suggest that students who solved the items correctly tend to solve the items longer than their counterparts who did not solve the items correctly. Analysis of eye tracking data suggests that students who solved science item correctly analyzed the graph for significantly longer time and had significantly longer average fixation time. This finding suggests that a careful analysis of graphs is crucial for the correct solution of PISA items used in this study. Furthermore, the results showed that students who solved the mathematics item correctly had significantly higher number of transitions between graphs and picture, which indicates a greater integration of information from two different representations. This indicates that these types of items require a lot of time and effort to complete, probably because solving them requires a lot of steps, which is cognitively demanding. We also found that the average fixation durations for different representations may vary for different items, indicating that it is not always equally difficult to extract necessary information from different types of representations. The results of this study suggest that instructors may be able to improve their teaching methods by considering the importance of individual representations (e.g., texts, graphs, and pictures) and the integration of information from multiple sources.
Evaluation of structured doctoral training programs in German life sciences: how much do such programs address hurdles faced by doctoral candidates?
Authors: Meuleners Julia S. , Boone William J. , Fischer Martin R. , Neuhaus Birgit J. , Eberle Julia
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Ways to improve the quality of doctoral education are debated internationally. In Europe, the United States, and other countries, there have been policy initiatives to address these. One approach has been the implementation of so-called structured doctoral training programs (doctoral programs) including formal structures such as courses, supervision agreements, external examiners for grading the thesis. However, there is little known about how doctoral programs implement the debated structures. As a result, the question arises whether existing programs already address the challenges of doctoral education and implement policy demands.

Methods

In this study, we evaluated the structure of 82 life science doctoral programs in Germany in a document analysis and a survey of program experts. We focused on (1) interdisciplinary aspects and (2) the international orientation of these programs. We evaluated the (3) courses offered, (4) formal characteristics of supervision, and (5) examination regulations of the doctoral programs.

Results

The results showed that the doctoral programs already address these five aspects to some extent. However, there is variability as a function of institution and details of policy demand realizations are very heterogeneous. Some doctoral programs provide opportunities for interdisciplinary cooperation, but only few promote international orientation. Offered courses cover some relevant academic skills, but courses on, e.g., teaching, open access and public outreach are still rare. Structured regulations on supervision, e.g., through regular meetings and supervision agreements, are also rarely implemented. Lastly, most supervisors remain strongly involved in examining doctoral theses.

Discussion

We conclude that there is still a crucial need for improvement of doctoral programs through more extensive implementation of policy demands. We detail cross-national and -disciplinary practical implications for coordinators of doctoral programs.
Identification of key genes in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia via bioinformatic analysis and experimental verification
Authors: Gao Yongqi , Wu Zhongji , Liu Simin , Chen Yiwen , Zhao Guojun , Lin Hui-Ping
Published: July 2023

Background

Preeclampsia (PE) is the primary cause of perinatal maternal-fetal mortality and morbidity. The exact molecular mechanisms of PE pathogenesis are largely unknown. This study aims to identify the hub genes in PE and explore their potential molecular regulatory network.

Methods

We downloaded the GSE148241, GSE190971, GSE74341, and GSE114691 datasets for the placenta and performed a differential expression analysis to identify hub genes. We performed Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Disease Ontology (DO), Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Protein–Protein Interaction (PPI) Analysis to determine functional roles and regulatory networks of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We then verified the DEGs at transcriptional and translational levels by analyzing the GSE44711 and GSE177049 datasets and our clinical samples, respectively.

Results

We identified 60 DEGs in the discovery phase, consisting of 7 downregulated genes and 53 upregulated genes. We then identified seven hub genes using Cytoscape software. In the verification phase, 4 and 3 of the seven genes exhibited the same variation patterns at the transcriptional level in the GSE44711 and GSE177049 datasets, respectively. Validation of our clinical samples showed that CADM3 has the best discriminative performance for predicting PE

Conclusion

These findings may enhance the understanding of PE and provide new insight into identifying potential therapeutic targets for PE.
Association between duration of progesterone supplementation and clinical outcomes in artificial frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles
Authors: Liu Ling , Zhou Hongyan , Hu Jie , Sun Xingyu , Liu Doudou , Huang Guiying
Published: July 2023

Objective

The administration of progesterone before transfer in hormone replacement treatment (HRT) is crucial for the clinical outcomes of frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), but the optimal duration of progesterone remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the duration of progesterone administration on the clinical outcomes of FET cycles.

Methods

This prospective cohort study included 353 artificial FET cycles conducted at a reproductive medicine center between April and October 2021. The FET cycles were stratified into four groups based on the duration of progesterone supplementation before the procedure and the embryonic development stage: group P3 (73 patients) received intramuscular progesterone for 3 days and group P4 (87 patients) for 4 days before Day 3 frozen embryo transfer, group P5 (70 patients) for 5 days and group P6 (123 patients) for 6 days before frozen blastocyst transfer. This trial was performed using one or two vitrified embryo(s) when the endometrial thickness reached 7 mm after estrogen supplementation in an artificial cycle. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy, and secondary outcomes included biochemical pregnancy, implantation, early pregnancy loss, and live births.

Results

There were no significant differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics between the groups. No significant difference was observed in the clinical pregnancy rates between groups: 23/73 (31.5%) in group P3 vs 28/87 (32.2%) in group P4 (P = 0.927). Compared to group P5 (41/70, 58.6%), the clinical pregnancy rate was not significantly different in group P6 (77/123, 62.6%, P = 0.753). There was no significant difference in the implantation rates between groups: 33/136 (24.3%) in group P3 vs 34/166 (20.5%) in group P4 (P = 0.431), and 62/133 (46.6%) in group P5 vs 107/231 (46.3%) in group P6 (P = 0.956). The duration of progesterone supplementation (mean: 3.5 ± 0.5 days; range:3–4 days) before Day 3 frozen embryo transfer did not impact clinical pregnancy (odds ratio [OR] 1.048; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.518–2.119). The duration of progesterone administration (mean: 5.6 ± 0.5 days; range:5–6 days) before frozen blastocyst transfer may not affect clinical pregnancy (OR 1.339; 95% CI, 0.717–2.497).

Conclusion

There may be no significant correlation between the duration of progesterone supplementation and pregnancy outcomes in artificial FET cycles, although the clinical pregnancy rate was higher when progesterone supplementation was extended for one day before FET.
Effect of passive smoking exposure on risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Qin Guo-Qiang , Chen Li , Zheng Jun , Wu Xiao-Min , Li Yang , Yang Kai , Liu Tong-Feng , Fang Zhong-Ze , Zhang Qiang
Published: July 2023

Objective

The effect of passive smoking exposure on the risk of type 2 diabetes has not been systematically studied. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between passive smoking exposure and the risk of diabetes.

Methods

We searched three major databases up to 31 October 2022 to identify relevant prospective cohort studies on the association between passive smoking and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between passive smoking exposure and the risk of type 2 diabetes were analyzed using a fixed-effect model.

Results

Ten prospective cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 251,620 participants involved. The pooled RR showed a significantly positive association between nonsmokers exposed to passive smoking and type 2 diabetes as compared to non-smokers who were not exposed to passive smoking [RR = 1.27; 95% CI (1.19, 1.36); p < 0.001]. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the pooled RR was not substantially affected by any of the individual studies.

Conclusion

Exposure to passive smoking increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. This study may have a positive effect on the prevention of type 2 diabetes.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023372532.
Double diabetes as an effect modifier for adverse perinatal outcome in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus – a retrospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Malinowska-Polubiec Aneta , Zawiejska Agnieszka , Romejko-Wolniewicz Ewa , Poprawski Grzegorz , Towpik Iwona , Brązert Jacek , Handziuk Zuzanna , Czajkowski Krzysztof
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Double diabetes (DDiab) is defined as T1DM coexisting with insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and/or obesity. Little evidence is available regarding how frequent DDiab is among T1DM pregnancies and whether it affects the perinatal outcome in this population.

Aims of the study

To explore the prevalence of DDiab in early pregnancy in the cohort of pregnant women with T1DM and to examine the association between an early-pregnancy DDiab status and fetomaternal complications characteristic for T1DM in pregnancy.

Material and methods

A retrospective data analysis of the multicenter cohort of N=495 pregnant women in singleton pregnancy complicated with T1DM followed from early pregnancy until delivery in three tertiary referral centers. DDiab status was defined as T1DM plus pre-pregnancy obesity defined as BMI≥30 kg/m2 measured at the first antenatal visit (DDiabOb), or T1DM plus pre-pregnancy IR defined as eGDR (estimated Glucose Disposal Rate) below the 25th centile for the cohort measured at the first antenatal visit (DDiabIR). Proportions of the adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared between DDiabOb and Non-DDiabOb and between DDiabIR and Non-DDiabIR patients.

Characteristics of the study group

(data presented as mean(SD) or percentage): age: 30.0(5.1) years; age when T1DM diagnosed: 17.5(8.5) years; T1DM duration: 12.0(7,9) years; microvascular complications (White classes R,F,RF): 11.9%, pre-pregnancy counselling: 26.6%, baseline gestational age: 10.5(4.3) weeks, pre-pregnancy BMI: 23.7(4.3) kg/m2; chronic hypertension: 9.1%, gestational hypertension (PIH) 10.7%, preeclampsia (PET): 3.2%; nulliparity 53.8%, smoking in pregnancy: 4.8%, eGWG: 22.4%, DDiabOB: 10.1%; DdiabIR: 25.2%; LGA: 44.0%, and NICU admission: 20.8%.

Results

(data from the univariate analysis given as OR(95%CI)): both DDiabOB and DDiabIR status increased the risk for eGWG [23.15 (10.82; 55.59); 3.03 (1.80; 5.08), respectively]. DDiabIR status increased the risk for PET [4.79 (1.68;14.6)], preterm delivery [1.84 (1.13; 3.21)], congenital malformation [2.15 (1.07;4.25)], and NICU hospitalization [2.2 (1.20;4.01)]. Both DDiabOB and DDiabIR accurately ruled out PET (NPV 97.3%/98.3%, accuracy: 88.3%/75.6%, respectively), congenital malformation (NPV 85.6%/88.4%, accuracy: 78.9/69.8, respectively), and perinatal mortality (NPV 98.7%/99.2%, accuracy: 88.8%/74.5%, respectively).

Conclusions

Double diabetes became a frequent complication in T1DM pregnant population. Double diabetes diagnosed in early pregnancy allows for further stratification of the T1DM pregnant population for additional maternal risk.
Measurement and analysis of direct and indirect household energy consumption: a case study of China
Authors: Tang Zhaoxi , Chen Liping
Published: July 2023

Household energy consumption is one of the important indicators reflecting the economic development and living standard across countries. Using China’s classified household energy consumption and daily expenditure data from 2011 to 2019, this paper first calculated the overall direct and indirect household energy consumption in China in recent years by means of energy classification and consumer lifestyle analysis (CLA), and then analyzed the characteristics and changes of household energy consumption structure, and the different trends between urban and rural areas in China. We found that 1) Coal consumption occupied the first place in indirect energy consumption, followed by electricity. In terms of the overall trends, whether direct or indirect energy consumption, the proportion of coal was declining while those of electricity and natural gas were increasing year by year. 2) Indirect energy consumption accounted for the majority of the total, and the largest share of that was about housing consumption both in urban and rural areas. The changes in the indirect energy consumption structure of the urban and the rural were quite different. Compared with the indirect energy consumption of the rural, that of the urban showed both a faster growth rate and a larger share in the total indirect consumption, which reflected the inequality trend at present in energy consumption intensity and structure between urban and rural areas in China.
Empirical analysis of green finance and high-quality economic development in the Yangtze River Delta based on VAR and coupling coordination model
Authors: Zhang Su , Liang Bei-Bei , Xu Shan-Zhi , Hou Jin-Long
Published: July 2023

The Yangtze River Delta region is one of the most active regions in China’s economic development and financial innovation, and its green finance is at the leading level in the country. To promote the integrated development of green finance in China’s Yangtze River Delta and boost high-quality economic development, this paper uses the data of three provinces and one city in the Yangtze River Delta from 2010 to 2021, constructs the green finance development index and the high-quality economic development index by entropy weight method, and constructs the VAR model to analyze the interaction between the two. The coupling coordination model is used to analyze the coupling coordination degree between green finance and high-quality economic development, and the correlation between green finance and high-quality economic development is deeply analyzed by using the gray correlation method. Finally, the gray prediction model is used to predict the coupling coordination between green finance and high-quality economic development. The research shows that green finance and high-quality economic development have short-term mutual promotion effects, and the coupling and coordination are good, but there are regional differences. The overall degree of correlation between the two is medium to upper, and the interaction force is strong. From the forecast results, the coupling coordination and coupling priority of the Yangtze River Delta region show positive development, and Anhui Province has more room for improvement. Based on the above research, this paper proposes to establish a green finance integrated development mechanism to promote regional green finance synergistic development, promote green finance infrastructure interconnection to better realize resource allocation and information sharing, attract more professionals to participate in green finance innovation, and build a favorable external development environment for green finance.
Assessing the potential of ultraviolet irradiation for inactivating waterborne fungal spores: kinetics and photoreactivation studies
Authors: Duque-Sarango Paola , Delgado-Armijos Nicole , Romero-Martínez Leonardo , Pinos-Vélez Verónica
Published: July 2023

Ultraviolet disinfection has been extensively studied in recent years, especially in bacteria; however, there are still insufficient studies in fungal spores. Moreover, most studies use static batch reactors instead of continuous flow reactors, which are used mainly at the industrial scale. In the present work, the inactivation and reactivation characteristics of two species of filamentous fungi were studied using a single-pass flow-through UV-C reactor (FTR). For this purpose, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. spores were suspended in water and circulated through the reactor at different UV-C doses. The effects on inactivation and reactivation after 24 in either light or dark conditions were studied. The two fungal strains studied show different UV-C treatment resistance and damage repair capacity. With the experimented FTR system, an inactivation efficiency of up to 2 log units (99% removal) was achieved with doses of 220.1 ± 24.3 mJ cm−2 in the case of Aspergillus niger and 123.8 ± 6.3 mJ cm−2 in the case of Penicillium sp. The effect of dark repair is negligible, while the photoreactivation process is relevant in the case of Penicillium sp., since D2 increased by 53.8% just after UV-C exposure due to photoreactivation. In general, A. niger is more UV-C resistant than Penicillium sp.; however, the latter has a greater capacity to photoreactivate.
Misclassified: identification of zoonotic transition biomarker candidates for influenza A viruses using deep neural network
Authors: Hatibi Nissrine , Dumont-Lagacé Maude , Alouani Zakaria , El Fatimy Rachid , Abik Mounia , Daouda Tariq
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Zoonotic transition of Influenza A viruses is the cause of epidemics with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Predicting which viral strains are likely to transition from their genetic sequence could help in the prevention and response against these zoonotic strains. We hypothesized that features predictive of viral hosts could be leveraged to identify biomarkers of zoonotic viral transition.

Methods: We trained deep learning models to predict viral hosts based on the virus mRNA or protein sequences. Our multi-host dataset contained 848,630 unique nucleotide sequences obtained from the NCBI Influenza Virus and Influenza Research Databases. Each sequence, representing one gene from one viral strain, was classified into one of the three host categories: Avian, Human, and Swine. Trained models were analyzed using various neural network interpretation methods to identify interesting candidates for zoonotic transition biomarkers.

Results: Using mRNA sequences as input led to higher prediction accuracies than amino acids, suggesting that the codon sequence contains information relevant to viral hosts that is lost during protein translation. UMAP visualization of the latent space of our classifiers showed that viral sequences clustered according to their host of origin. Interestingly, sequences from pandemic zoonotic viral strains localized at the margins between hosts, while zoonotic sequences incapable of Human-to-Human transmission localized with non-zoonotic viruses from the same host. In addition, host prediction for pandemic zoonotic sequences had low prediction accuracy, which was not the case for the other zoonotic strains. This supports our hypothesis that ambiguously predicted viral sequences bear features associated with cross-species infectivity. Finally, we compared misclassified sequences to well-classified ones to extract interesting candidates for zoonotic transition biomarkers. While features varied significantly between pairs of species and viral genes, several codons were conserved in Swine-to-Human and Avian-to-Human misclassified sequences, and in particular in the NA, HA, and NP genes, suggesting their importance for zoonosis in Humans.

Discussion: Analysis of viral sequences using neural network interpretation approaches revealed important genetic differences between zoonotic viruses with pandemic potential, compared to non-zoonotic viral strains or zoonotic viruses incapable of Human-to-Human transmission.
Prediction of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) using machine learning algorithms in a Kenyan population
Authors: Shah Santosh Yogendra , Saxena Sumant , Rani Satya Pavitra , Nelaturi Naresh , Gill Sheena , Tippett Barr Beth , Were Joyce , Khagayi Sammy , Ouma Gregory , Akelo Victor , Norwitz Errol R. , Ramakrishnan Rama , Onyango Dickens , Teltumbade Manoj
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a significant cause of maternal mortality worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. It is essential to develop effective prediction models to identify women at risk of PPH and implement appropriate interventions to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to predict the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage using machine learning models based on antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal visit data obtained from the Kenya Antenatal and Postnatal Care Research Collective cohort.

Method

Four machine learning models – logistic regression, naïve Bayes, decision tree, and random forest – were constructed using 67% training data (1,056/1,576). The training data was further split into 67% for model building and 33% cross validation. Once the models are built, the remaining 33% (520/1,576) independent test data was used for external validation to confirm the models' performance. Models were fine-tuned using feature selection through extra tree classifier technique. Model performance was assessed using accuracy, sensitivity, and area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.

Result

The naïve Bayes model performed best with 0.95 accuracy, 0.97 specificity, and 0.76 AUC. Seven factors (anemia, limited prenatal care, hemoglobin concentrations, signs of pallor at intrapartum, intrapartum systolic blood pressure, intrapartum diastolic blood pressure, and intrapartum respiratory rate) were associated with PPH prediction in Kenyan population.

Discussion

This study demonstrates the potential of machine learning models in predicting PPH in the Kenyan population. Future studies with larger datasets and more PPH cases should be conducted to improve prediction performance of machine learning model. Such prediction algorithms would immensely help to construct a personalized obstetric path for each pregnant patient, improve resource allocation, and reduce maternal mortality and morbidity.
Endothelial exosomes work as a functional mediator to activate macrophages
Authors: Lin Wenwen , Huang Feng , Yuan Yin , Li Qiaowei , Lin Zhong , Zhu Wenqing , Lin Binbin , Zhu Pengli
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Intercellular communication is essential for almost all physiological and pathological processes. Endothelial cell (EC)-derived exosomes, working as mediators for intercellular information exchange, are involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of atherosclerosis. However, the effect of inflamed endothelial exosomes on the function of macrophages (Mϕ) is poorly defined. This study aims to unravel how exosomes derived from tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated ECs (exo-T) affect Mϕ in vitro.

Methods and results

Exosomes derived from untreated ECs (exo) and exo-T were identified by using TEM, NTA, and western blot, and we observed that PKH67-labeled exo/exo-T were taken up by Mϕ. Exposure to exo-T for 24 h not only skewed Mϕ to the M1 subtype and exacerbated lipid deposition, but also promoted Mϕ apoptosis, while it did not significantly affect Mϕ migration, as detected by RT-qPCR, Dil-ox-LDL uptake assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and transwell assay, respectively. In addition, exo/exo-T-related microRNA-Seq revealed 104 significantly differentially expressed microRNAs (DE-miRNAs). The target genes of DE-miRNAs were mainly enriched functionally in metabolic pathways, MAPK signaling pathway, etc., as determined using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. We further demonstrated by immunoblotting that exo-T intervention improves the phosphorylation of MAPK/NF-κB-related proteins.

Discussion and conclusion

Collectively, this study reveals that inflamed endothelial exosomes (TNF-α-stimulated EC-derived exosomes) work as a functional mediator to affect Mϕ function and may activate Mϕ through MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways.
The interplay of oxidative stress and immune dysfunction in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review
Authors: Batóg Gabriela , Dołoto Anna , Bąk Ewelina , Piątkowska-Chmiel Iwona , Krawiec Paulina , Pac-Kożuchowska Elżbieta , Herbet Mariola
Published: July 2023

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the concomitant incidence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), both in terms of incidence, etiology, and clinical consequences. PCOS patients suffering from autoimmune thyroid diseases show insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, weight gain, and metabolic and reproductive complications. Studies have shown that chronic stress and its consequence, i.e. oxidative stress, play an important role in the pathomechanism of both disorders. It has also been shown that long-term exposure to stress triggers biological mechanisms, in particular related to the regulation of the inflammatory cascade, which plays a key role in autoimmune diseases. The paper is a review of the literature on the role of chronic stress, oxidative stress, and immune processes in the pathogenesis of HT and PCOS. In addition, the review is a source of knowledge about the treatment of these diseases, and in particular the use of antioxidants in therapeutic management.
Antibody responses to an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in individuals aged from 50 to 102 years
Authors: Zhu Hong-Hong , Sun Guo-Qing , Wu Ji-Yu , Fan Su-Qing , Zhu Ying-Ying , Wang Zhi-Cheng , Liao Xiao-Fang
Published: July 2023

Objectives

To assess antibody responses to an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in individuals aged 50 and older.

Methods

We conducted a post-market cross-sectional seroepidemiology study. We recruited 4,632 vaccinated individuals aged 50 and older, measured their total serum SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody (TA), and collected correlates. The primary outcome was the geometric mean titer (GMT) of TA, and the secondary outcome was the decline of TA with age. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were used to examine the associations of the TA GMT with age, and trend analyses were used to test whether their associations were significant.

Results

All participants had a detectable TA, which was generally at a low level across all age groups. The TA GMT (95% CI) in AU/mL was 3.05 (2.93, 3.18); the corresponding arithmetic mean (95% CI) was 17.77 (16.13, 19.42) in all participants and 4.33 (3.88, 4.84), 3.86 (3.49, 4.28), 3.24 (2.92, 3.59), 2.77 (2.60, 2.96), and 2.65 (2.48, 2.83) in the age groups of 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-74, and 75 years or older, respectively. The TA GMT decreased with age with a Ptrend < 0.001. The TA GMT was significantly lower in those with hypertension or diabetes compared to those with neither.

Conclusion

The inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is effective in individuals aged 50 and older. This is the first study that has found an inverse dose-response relationship between ages and the low-level TAs. Older people, especially those with chronic diseases, should get the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and their vaccination frequency, dose, and method may need to be different from those of younger people.