bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors that influence intention in processing organic waste using biopore hole
Authors: Mardiyani A , Utomo C
Published: November 2020

Biopore hole is needed to reduce organic waste and this depends on a person’s intentional behavior that arises due to several factors. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine the factors influencing the intention of processing organic waste using biopore hole in adiwiyata schools, Gresik regency. The research employ the extended theory of planned behavior model. Questionnaires were distributed to 393 respondents comprising of principals, teachers and students from 92 adiwiyata schools, The data analysis used structural equation modeling. The results shows that several factors including perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, reward and punishment influence intention in processing organic waste. All three factors possess a significant relationship with intention (P value < 0.1) but, subjective norms is the most influencing (β = 3.074, P value < 0.1). Based on the result, It was recommended that a review of policies and programs need to be made by government to increase the intention of organic waste processing using biopore hole and will also serve as educational materials to schools.
Flood inundation numerical modelling due to dam break of Way Sekampung Dam
Authors: Nadida Z. , Lasminto U
Published: November 2020

Dam construction holds a major disaster risk in when the dam is failure. The occurrence of dam breach can make water reservoir in the dam flow to the downstream at high speed, so it can cause infrastructure damage and the worst is, victim. This study analyses the extent of flooding in the resulting dam break with piping failure mode. The simulation was conducted using HEC-RAS 5.07, with input data consist of Digital Elevation Model (DEM), precipitation data, and dam’s technical specifications. The research object is Way Sekampung Dam. The result of simulation show that after dam breach water flowing to the downstream with depth is 48,6 m and flood innundation area in Pringsewu District is 43.17 km2.
Review on 3D printed concrete as structural beam members
Authors: Pudjisuryadi P , Antoni A , Chandra J
Published: November 2020

Recently, Three-Dimensional Concrete Printing (3DCP) has gained its popularity as construction material. It offers several advantages over conventionally casted concrete such as absence of formwork, reduction of construction equipment transportation, greater safety, reduction of labour cost, and many others. However, the technology also comes with many challenges. Researches in this area can be classified into two issues which are fresh and hardened states of the printed concrete. Investigation of fresh concrete focuses on the optimal design of rheological properties which determines the pumpability, extrudability, and buildability. While mechanical properties of hardened 3DCP are usually investigated by adopting standard tests for conventionally casted concrete. However, due to the complexity of printing process, it is often that 3DCP behaviours cannot be predicted by its mechanical properties obtained from the tests. This paper reviews some studies done by others to highlight potential manufacturing process related weak points of 3DCP as structural beam members.
Effect of micro-cracking on the electrical and self-sensing properties of an engineered cementitious composite under tensile straining
Authors: Saraireh D , Suryanto B , Tambusay A
Published: November 2020

The piezo-resistive response of a relatively mature engineered cementitious composite (ECC) under tensile straining is investigated and compared with previous studies. In this work, tensile tests were performed on four dog-bone shaped ECC samples and during the loading process, electrical impedance measurements were undertaken over the frequency range 100Hz-1MHz to identify the bulk resistance (hence accurate evaluation of resistivity). At the same time, digital images of the front face of the dog-bone samples were recorded throughout the entire loading process to enable detailed crack width analysis to be taken after testing and to monitor micro-crack formation during testing, using the digital image correlation. It is shown that tensile straining resulted in an overall increase in impedance, but retained a similar overall profile with a weakly developed spur evident at the low-frequency side of the impedance spectrum and a circular arc at the high-frequency side. It is also shown that the fractional change in resistivity increases nonlinearly with strain and is related to the nature of micro-crack formation. Published values for fractional change in resistivity and its relation with strain were found to be in a large scatter and in this study, attention is therefore focused on the crack width distribution during loading.
Assessing the impact of the incorporation of aramid and polyolefin to hot and warm asphaltic mixture using dry and wet process: A Review
Authors: Daniel G
Published: November 2020

The utilisation of polymer has become a prominent trend in the civil engineering industry, one of them is in the production of asphalt for pavement structure. There have been currently a vast range of polymer product variation used in the asphalt production, among which are polyolefin (polyethylene, polypropylene, PET) and aramid. This paper attempts to assess the benefit of the incorporation of the polymer to produce both hot and warm mix asphalt, both by the wet process to develop a modified bitumen, also dry process to form a fibre reinforced mixture. The results indicate that the addition of up to 10% of polyolefin increase the softening point and dynamic stiffness of the bitumen as well as decrease the penetration grade of bitumen by means of wet process. Nevertheless, an extra binding agent is required to prevent the separation between the polymer and bitumen. Furthermore, the inclusion of the polymers using the dry process has been discovered to promote improvements in the mechanical performances of both hot and warm mix asphalt regarding the resistance against rutting, fatigue life, stiffness, tensile and compressive strength, and fracture energy given a wide range of working temperature, as well as reduce binder drain down. These outcomes concluded that the use of polymer as an additive in bituminous mix can combat the failure mechanism in the pavement structures.
Development of risk-based standardized Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) to improve time performance on high-speed railway construction project
Authors: Jati D B , Latief Y
Published: November 2020

In Indonesia plans and studies for High Speed Railway (HSR) are not a new idea as they have been conducted before 2010. However, the plan to build HSR was just recently announced in 2015. Specifically, for the high-speed railway construction project in Indonesia, there is no standards that contains details of work activity packages and their methods for carrying out work in the field. This resulted in every railway-based construction project still using several methods from both overseas and Indonesian domestic experiences. Therefore, it is now necessary to standardize both the methods and work activities and suggested to be implemented for any highspeed railway project so that the work breakdown structure (WBS) can be standardized for any future rail and rail-based construction project. This can also minimize any potential risks and ensure the project is completed according to the targets in terms of quality, cost, and time. The methodology used in this study are to identify risks at construction project with a WBS matrix (observation and questionnaire). Analysis data in this study used statistical analysis. The result of this study is 15 risks selected from the 3 highest risks and 1 risk representing each category. The 3 (three) highest are Delay in issuing designs by the planner / designer, Delay in land acquisition by the project owner, Work activity has stopped due to weather factors. Risk representing each category are The subcontractor’s productivity does not match planning (Work packages), Delay in issuing designs by the planner / designer (Method/design), Work activity has stopped due to weather factors (Activity), Delay from suppliers in delivering material (Material resources), The planned productivity of equipment is not as needed (Equipment resources) and Human productivity is lower than demand (Human resources).
Competition measures of TOD point to Central Business Districts in Surabaya using travel time approach (a case study: Joyoboyo Terminal)
Authors: Zahra A A , Ahyudanari E
Published: November 2020

Several areas are planned to be transit-oriented development in Surabaya, one of which is Joyoboyo. Joyoboyo Terminal will be developed as a transit point in Joyoboyo TOD. At present, Joyoboyo Terminal functions as a park and ride building. The accessibility of the Joyoboyo terminal is measured by total travel time to Surabaya CBD. In this study, we used Google maps and Moovit to obtain the total travel time by private vehicles and public transport to 7 Surabaya CBDs. The results of the travel time survey show better accessibility using a private vehicle (car) than public transport (bus/city transport). The travel time difference was about 4 to 20 minutes. This research also provided an accessibility map from Joyoboyo TOD to Surabaya CBD.
Public transportation in Jabodetabek: performance satisfaction analysis
Authors: Jannah E N , Ibrahim A N H , Borhan M N
Published: November 2020

A chronic traffic congestion in JABODETABEK or Greater Jakarta has become a problem that needs to be addressed by the government. The existing public transportation system is associated with poor vehicle condition, poor infrastructure for non-motorized modes, poor customer service and uncomfortable traveling conditions. This study focused on Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) in JABODETABEK. This study also aims to evaluate the level of passengers’ satisfaction towards KRL performance and to identify what needs to be improved on public transportation to attract private transportation users into using public transportation while maintaining its existing passengers. The research was conducted using quantitative method. Questionnaires were distributed to 390 passengers to gather empirical data. Data analysis used to examine the effect of satisfaction on the performance of public transportation is Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using AMOS 22.0. Result shows that service quality has positive relationship towards perceived value and satisfaction, but insignificantly negative to behavioural intention. On the other hand, perceived value is significantly positive towards behavioural intention, but it has a negative relationship with satisfaction. The satisfaction towards behavioural intention has a positive relationship. The findings in this study may help to improve the performance of existing Kereta Rel Listrik in JABODETABEK.
The comparative study of peak discharge at Ngotok watershed by using the method of SCS, Snyder and Nakayasu for flood control needs
Authors: Idfi G , Yulistyorini A , Suryoputro N
Published: November 2020

Flood problems often hit the Ngotok River watershed every year. The problem of flooding is generally caused by changes in land use and a decrease in river functions in the Ngotok River watershed area as well as frequent back water from rivers which empties into Brantas River when experiencing maximum discharge. For that reason, a comparative study of peak flood discharge needs to be done because there is no research on flood control. So that research is conducted on the analysis of synthetic unit hydrograph models. The synthetic unit hydrograph method used is SCS, Snyder, and Nakayasu. Rainfall data used is data from 1998-2016 from 14 rain stations in the Ngotok River watershed. The Thiessen polygon method is used to determine the amount of rain scattered in the Ngotok River watershed. The average rainfall in the Ngotok River watershed in the period 1998-2016 was 97.05 mm. In the modeling phase, the sub-catchment division of the watershed is carried out by dividing it into 5 sub-catchments. The modeling results using the SCS, Snyder, and Nakayasu methods show the amount of discharge for the return period of 2 years, 5 years, 10 years, 20 years, 25 years, 50 years, 100 years, and 200 years which varies. AWLR data approaching the modeling results are 2014 data. The hydrograph calibration results for the SCS method with a 25 year return period are 0.88, for the Snyder method with a 25 year return period of 0.74, and the Nakayasu method with a 25 year return period of 0.43. Thus the SCS hydrograph approaches the existing hydrograph model based on the AWLR data that exists and is following the observations during the population survey.
Design, fabrication and characterization of photocatalyst Ni-doped BiVO4 for high effectively degrading dye contaminant
Authors: Li Sha , Cheng Yong , Wang Quanhua , Liu Chenglun , Xu Longjun
Published: November 2020

Contaminated environment from textile industries have attracted global concern owing to the traits of organic pollutions with high stability against light and chemicals attacks. How to improve the preparation process of photocatalysts and reduce the cost is a considerable requirement for the wide application of photocatalytic wastewater treatment. The Ni-doped BiVO4 (NBVO) process was improved to a facile and reliable hydrothermal method. Ni with a theoretical mass of 0.75% was added to BiVO4 (BVO), which displayed outstanding photocatalytic activity and stability. Under visible light irradiation, the decolorization rate of 0.75% NBVO to Rhodamine B (RhB) can reach 96% within 75 min, and the removal efficiency can still achieve 86% after four successive cycles. The active ingredient ∙O2
− confirmed from capture experiments played an indispensable role and was hired to explain the possible photocatalytic mechanism. In addition, the enhanced photocatalytic activity of 0.75% NBVO should be ascribed to the increase in specific surface area (beneficial for adsorption) and the decline in impedance (favorable for photocarrier migration). 0.75% NBVO as a highly efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst has a brighter prospect for wastewater treatment in the years ahead.
Computational drug repositioning based on the relationships between substructure–indication
Authors: Yang Jingbo , Zhang Denan , Liu Lei , Li Guoqi , Cai Yiyang , Zhang Yan , Jin Hongbo , Chen Xiujie
Published: November 2020

At present, computational methods for drug repositioning are mainly based on the whole structures of drugs, which limits the discovery of new functions due to the similarities between local structures of drugs. In this article, we, for the first time, integrated the features of chemical-genomics (substructure–domain) and pharmaco-genomics (domain–indication) based on the assumption that drug–target interactions are mediated by the substructures of drugs and the domains of proteins to identify the relationships between substructure–indication and establish a drug–substructure–indication network for predicting all therapeutic effects of tested drugs through only information on the substructures of drugs. In total, 83 205 drug–indication relationships with different correlation scores were obtained. We used three different verification methods to indicate the accuracy of the method and the reliability of the scoring system. We predicted all indications of olaparib using our method, including the known antitumor effect and unknown antiviral effect verified by literature, and we also discovered the inhibitory mechanism of olaparib toward DNA repair through its specific sub494 (o = C–C: C), as it participates in the low synthesis of the poly subfunction of the apoptosis pathway (hsa04210) by inhibiting the Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor(s) (ITPRs) and hydrolyzing poly (ADP ribose) polymerases. ElectroCardioGrams of four drugs (quinidine, amiodarone, milrinone and fosinopril) demonstrated the effect of anti-arrhythmia. Unlike previous studies focusing on the overall structures of drugs, our research has great potential in the search for more therapeutic effects of drugs and in predicting all potential effects and mechanisms of a drug from the local structural similarity.
NGPINT: a next-generation protein–protein interaction software
Authors: Banerjee Sagnik , Velásquez-Zapata Valeria , Fuerst Gregory , Elmore J Mitch , Wise Roger P
Published: November 2020

Mapping protein–protein interactions at a proteome scale is critical to understanding how cellular signaling networks respond to stimuli. Since eukaryotic genomes encode thousands of proteins, testing their interactions one-by-one is a challenging prospect. High-throughput yeast-two hybrid (Y2H) assays that employ next-generation sequencing to interrogate complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries represent an alternative approach that optimizes scale, cost and effort. We present NGPINT, a robust and scalable software to identify all putative interactors of a protein using Y2H in batch culture. NGPINT combines diverse tools to align sequence reads to target genomes, reconstruct prey fragments and compute gene enrichment under reporter selection. Central to this pipeline is the identification of fusion reads containing sequences derived from both the Y2H expression plasmid and the cDNA of interest. To reduce false positives, these fusion reads are evaluated as to whether the cDNA fragment forms an in-frame translational fusion with the Y2H transcription factor. NGPINT successfully recognized 95% of interactions in simulated test runs. As proof of concept, NGPINT was tested using published data sets and it recognized all validated interactions. NGPINT can process interaction data from any biosystem with an available genome or transcriptome reference, thus facilitating the discovery of protein–protein interactions in model and non-model organisms.
Financial Toxicity in People With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Bloomfeld Richard S , Bickston Stephen J
Published: November 2020

Financial toxicity is the term for problems our patients suffer related to the cost of medical care. It differs from both direct and indirect costs and is surprisingly common in patients that most would consider well-insured. This editorial discusses steps we can take to limit our patients’ suffering.
Tits-type Alternative for Groups Acting on Toric Affine Varieties
Authors: Arzhantsev Ivan , Zaidenberg Mikhail
Published: November 2020

Given a toric affine algebraic variety $X$ and a collection of one-parameter unipotent subgroups $U_1,\ldots ,U_s$ of $\mathop {\textrm {Aut}}(X)$, which are normalized by the torus acting on $X$, we show that the group $G$ generated by $U_1,\ldots ,U_s$ verifies the following alternative of Tits type: either $G$ is a unipotent algebraic group or it contains a non-abelian free subgroup. We deduce that if $G$ is $2$-transitive on a $G$-orbit in $X$, then $G$ contains a non-abelian free subgroup and so is of exponential growth.
Gonococcal Adaptation to Palmitic Acid Through farAB Expression and FadD Activity Mutations Increases In Vivo Fitness in a Murine Genital Tract Infection Model
Authors: Gao Lingyu , Wang Zhemin , van der Veen Stijn
Published: November 2020

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a bacterial pathogen that colonizes mucosal epithelia that are rich in antimicrobial molecules such as long-chain fatty acids. Here we studied the mechanisms involved in palmitic acid resistance and their impact on in vivo biological fitness in a murine genital tract infection model. A stable palmitic acid-resistant derivative was obtained by serial passage with incremental palmitic acid concentrations. This derivative outcompeted its parent strain for colonization and survival in the murine infection model. Subsequent whole-genome sequencing resulted in the identification of the 3 resistance-related SNPs ihfAC5T, fadDC772T, and farAG-52T (promoter) that were verified for resistance against palmitic acid. Subsequent characterization of the associated resistance determinants showed that ihfAC5T and farAG-52T induced gene expression of the FarAB efflux pump, whereas fadDC772T increased the maximum enzyme activity of the FadD long-chain fatty acid-coenzyme A ligase. Our results highlight the mechanisms involved in gonococcal adaptation to the murine host environment.
Treatment Outcomes Among Pediatric Patients With Highly Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: The Role of New and Repurposed Second-Line Tuberculosis Drugs
Authors: Madzgharashvili Tea , Salindri Argita D , Magee Matthew J , Tukvadze Nestani , Avaliani Zaza , Blumberg Henry M , Kempker Russell R , Lomtadze Nino
Published: November 2020

Background

Among pediatric patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), limited data exist regarding treatment outcomes in the context of the new and repurposed second-line TB drugs (SLDs). We aimed to describe the treatment outcomes among pediatric MDR-TB patients receiving new and repurposed SLDs including the proportion who achieved favorable outcomes.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study among pediatric patients (age ≤18 years) treated for MDR-TB in the country of Georgia from 2009 to 2016. A “new and repurposed” SLD regimen was defined as a regimen that included linezolid, bedaquiline, and/or delamanid. Favorable treatment outcome was defined by treatment completion or documented microbial “cure” status at the end of treatment. We assessed the association between the use of the new and repurposed SLDs with MDR-TB treatment outcomes using bivariate analyses and log-binomial regression.

Results

There were 124 pediatric MDR-TB patients (median age: 13.7; interquartile range: 4.6-16.0) initiating treatment; 119 (96.0%) had a treatment outcome recorded and were included in our analyses. Eighteen (15.1%) patients received new and repurposed SLDs from 2015 or later. After adjusting for potential confounders, the proportion achieving favorable MDR-TB treatment outcomes was higher among patients treated with SLD regimens that included new and/or repurposed drugs when compared with those treated without (adjusted risk ratio: 1.17; 95% confidence interval: 0.51-2.72).

Conclusions

We observed a high proportion of favorable treatment outcomes among pediatric patients with MDR-TB receiving the new and repurposed SLDs. Further studies to evaluate the efficacy and children’s tolerability of the new and repurposed SLDs are still warranted.
Full circumference lower extremity degloving injury treated with hydrosurgical debridement and negative-pressure wound therapy with gauze wound filler for fixation of avulsed flap skin grafts
Authors: Nagama Tae , Kakudo Natsuko , Kuro Atsuyuki , Ozaki Yujiro , Shirasawa Yasuko , Kunieda Sakurako , Suzuki Kenji , Saito Fukuki , Kusumoto Kenji
Published: November 2020

Degloving, a skin and subcutis avulsion, is a severe traumatic injury sometimes caused by rolling wheels or machines. Although avulsed flaps are often readapted to its original site, most of these tissues become necrotic. Due to the extensive skin and soft tissue deficiency caused by necrosis, treatment becomes difficult. Skin grafts harvested from avulsed flaps may be used to treat degloving injuries, while negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is used to secure the grafts. Commonly used porous polyurethane foam wound fillers are difficult to set in circumferential extremity degloving injuries; gauze-based wound fillers are easier to use and cause less pain during dressing changes. We present a case of an extensive, full-circumference left lower-extremity degloving injury, treated using NPWT with gauze-based wound fillers for fixation of skin grafts harvested from avulsed flaps after hydrosurgical debridement. For complex wound geometries, gauze-based wound fillers can be easily applied for skin graft immobilization.
Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the cavernous carotid: a lethal complication of craniofacial trauma
Authors: Ahmed Omar , Mahmood Sara , Aladham Youssef , Abdelnaby Moustafa Mohamed
Published: November 2020

Pseudoaneurysm of the cavernous carotid artery is a rare, yet life-threatening complication of craniofacial trauma. It may well present itself with delayed massive epistaxis up to several months after the initial insult. Early recognition and prompt treatment are the key in management and a high index of clinical suspicion is always required. In this article, we report a patient with a penetrating head injury who developed delayed epistaxis along with unilateral abducent and partial oculomotor palsy. Urgent diagnostic carotid angiography was undertaken, followed by endovascular coiling that resulted in no recurrence for a year of follow-up.
The Kimbalitos: The Plan Kimball, Cold War, and Medicine in Paraguay, 1956–64
Authors: María Chesterton Bridget
Published: November 2020

This article studies a faculty exchange from the medical school at the University of Buffalo (later the State University of New York, University at Buffalo) to the medical school in Asunción, Paraguay in the 1950s and 1960s. The arrival of U.S.-trained medical professionals spurred a new pedagogical program designed to improve medical education by reducing the number of students enrolled, making the curriculum more scientifically oriented, and demanding the professionalization of its future doctors. Moreover, the program was strategically designed to depoliticize the medical school in Asunción at the height of the Cold War. Using oral interviews of Paraguayans who participated in the reforms, government records, and documents produced by U.S. medical professionals, the article tracks how the program was started and under what conditions it operated, and concludes that both the United States and Paraguayan medical professionals considered the program a success—it improved the quality of Paraguayan medical professionals and, at least temporarily, neutralized the political leanings of the medical school.
The census of dense cores in the Serpens region from the Herschel Gould Belt Survey
Authors: Fiorellino E , Elia D , André Ph , Men’shchikov A , Pezzuto S , Schisano E , Könyves V , Arzoumanian D , Benedettini M , Ward-Thompson D , Bracco A , Di Francesco J , Bontemps S , Kirk J , Motte F , Molinari S
Published: November 2020

The Herschel Gould Belt survey mapped the nearby (d < 500 pc) star-forming regions to understand better how the prestellar phase influences the star formation process. Here, we report a complete census of dense cores in a ∼15 deg2 area of the Serpens star-forming region located between d ∼ 420 and 484 pc. The PACS and SPIRE cameras imaged this cloud from 70 to 500 μm. With the multiwavelength source extraction algorithm getsources, we extract 833 sources, of which 709 are starless cores and 124 are candidate protostellar cores. We obtain temperatures and masses for all the sample, classifying the starless cores in 604 prestellar cores and 105 unbound cores. Our census of sources is $80{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ complete for M > 0.8 M⊙ overall. We produce the core mass function (CMF) and compare it with the initial mass function (IMF). The prestellar CMF is consistent with lognormal trend up to ∼2 M⊙, after which it follows a power law with slope of −2.05 ± 0.34. The tail of its CMF is steeper but still compatible with the IMF for the region we studied in this work. We also extract the filaments network of the Serpens region, finding that $81{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of prestellar cores lie on filamentary structures. The spatial association between cores and filamentary structure supports the paradigm, suggested by other Herschel observations, that prestellar cores mostly form on filaments. Serpens is confirmed to be a young, low-mass and active star-forming region.
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: a CMB lensing mass map over 2100 square degrees of sky and its cross-correlation with BOSS-CMASS galaxies
Authors: Darwish Omar , Madhavacheril Mathew S , Sherwin Blake D , Aiola Simone , Battaglia Nicholas , Beall James A , Becker Daniel T , Bond J Richard , Calabrese Erminia , Choi Steve K , Devlin Mark J , Dunkley Jo , Dünner Rolando , Ferraro Simone , Fox Anna E , Gallardo Patricio A , Guan Yilun , Halpern Mark , Han Dongwon , Hasselfield Matthew , Hill J Colin , Hilton Gene C , Hilton Matt , Hincks Adam D , Patty Ho Shuay-Pwu , Hubmayr J , Hughes John P , Koopman Brian J , Kosowsky Arthur , Van Lanen J , Louis Thibaut , Lungu Marius , MacInnis Amanda , Maurin Loïc , McMahon Jeffrey , Moodley Kavilan , Naess Sigurd , Namikawa Toshiya , Nati Federico , Newburgh Laura , Nibarger John P , Niemack Michael D , Page Lyman A , Partridge Bruce , Qu Frank J , Robertson Naomi , Schillaci Alessandro , Schmitt Benjamin , Sehgal Neelima , Sifón Cristóbal , Spergel David N , Staggs Suzanne , Storer Emilie , van Engelen Alexander , Wollack Edward J
Published: November 2020

We construct cosmic microwave background lensing mass maps using data from the 2014 and 2015 seasons of observations with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). These maps cover 2100 square degrees of sky and overlap with a wide variety of optical surveys. The maps are signal dominated on large scales and have fidelity such that their correlation with the cosmic infrared background is clearly visible by eye. We also create lensing maps with thermal Sunyaev−Zel’dovich contamination removed using a novel cleaning procedure that only slightly degrades the lensing signal-to-noise ratio. The cross-spectrum between the cleaned lensing map and the BOSS CMASS galaxy sample is detected at 10σ significance, with an amplitude of A = 1.02 ± 0.10 relative to the Planck best-fitting Lambda cold dark matter cosmological model with fiducial linear galaxy bias. Our measurement lays the foundation for lensing cross-correlation science with current ACT data and beyond.
Spectroscopic and photometric time series of the bright RRc star T Sex
Authors: Benkő József M , Sódor Ádám , Pál András
Published: November 2020

We present spectroscopic time series observations on one of the brightest northern RRc stars, namely T Sex. Additionally, we also analysed extended photometric data sets, particularly the recent observations of the TESS space telescope. The main findings of our studies are as follows: T Sex, unlike all RRc stars whose space photometry has been analysed, shows only the 0.5fx frequency as an additional pulsation frequency. With this, T Sex may be the first represent of such rare RRc stars found from space photometry. The spectroscopic data show a periodic distortion of the H α line with the pulsation phase. This phenomenon has not been reported for any RR Lyrae stars. The characteristic line distortion is probably caused by the turbulent convection, which resulted in higher macroturbulent velocity for T Sex than that for typical RRab stars. Line doubling of the Na D line was observed between the 0.37 and 0.80 pulsation phases. The explanation of this phenomenon is that the two absorption components originate from different sources. The redder component comes from the pulsating atmosphere of the star, while the bluer one comes from the interstellar space. At phase 0.438, we detected emission on the Na D line, which may indicate a weak shock wave.
Infectious Disease Team Review Using Antibiotic Switch and Discharge Criteria Shortens the Duration of Intravenous Antibiotic: A Single-Center Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in Thailand
Authors: Wongkamhla Thanyarak , Khan-asa Buddharat , Tongsai Sasima , Angkasekwinai Nasikarn
Published: November 2020

Background

Strategies have been recommended to optimize early antibiotic (ATB) switching from intravenous (IV) to oral ATB. This study aimed to determine whether infectious disease (ID) team review using ATB switch and discharge criteria would shorten the duration of IV ATB and length of hospital stay (LOS).

Methods

This cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in 8 general medical wards as cluster units at Siriraj Hospital during January–October 2019. The ID team review with checklist criteria was performed on the third, fifth, and seventh day of IV-ATB treatment to determine (1) the suitability of switching to oral ATB or outpatient parenteral ATB therapy and (2) early discharge for patients receiving IV-ATB versus control. The primary outcomes were LOS and the duration or days of therapy (DOT) or defined daily dose (DDD) of IV-ATB therapy.

Results

Four wards each were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups (46 patients/cluster, 184 patients/arm). No significant difference was observed between intervention and controls for median duration of IV-ATB therapy (7 vs 7 days) and LOS (9 vs 10 days). A significantly shorter duration of IV ATB was observed in patients without sepsis in the intervention group when measured by DOT (7 vs 8 days, P = .027) and DDD (7 vs 9, P = .017) in post hoc analysis.

Conclusions

Infectious disease team review using checklist criteria did not result in a shorter duration of IV-ATB and LOS in overall patients. Further study is needed to determine whether faster culture turnaround time or advanced testing will reduce the duration of IV-ATB therapy.
Retirement—a time to dread or to cherish?
Authors: Taylor-Robinson Simon D
Published: November 2020

Retirement is often a taboo subject amongst medical professionals. Many have dedicated a major part of their lives to the practice of medicine to the exclusion of anything else. The thought of empty days or lack of externally driven purpose is something that unsettles many who are approaching pensionable age. In reality, such fears rarely materialize. The challenge of transition to a new phase of life is all the more poignant if ill health intervenes early, causing premature cessation of work.
MEASUREMENT OF RADON ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN UNDERGROUND WATER OF BURETI SUB-COUNTY OF KERICHO COUNTY KENYA
Authors: Rotich Charles K , Hashim Nadir O , Chege Margaret W , Nyambura Catherine
Published: November 2020

The activity concentration of radon in underground water of Bureti sub-county was measured using liquid scintillating counter device. The average radon activity concentration in all the water samples was 12.41 Bql−1. The maximum and minimum activity concentrations of radon were 22.5 and 4.57 Bql−1, respectively. In total, 53% of the total samples analysed had radon concentration levels above the US Environmental Protection Agency-recommended limit of 11.1 Bql−1. The annual dose received by an individual as a result of waterborne radon was determined according to the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation reports and was found to be 33.23 𝜇Svy−1. All the samples recorded a value <100 𝜇Svy−1 recommended by the World Health Organization and the European Union council.
The Agency Myth: Persistence in Individual Explanations for Gender Inequality
Authors: Carian Emily K , Johnson Amy L
Published: November 2020

We leverage a unique longitudinal dataset—98 interviews with 30 college students—to investigate young people’s explanations for gender inequality over time and the implications of those explanations. Through five waves and four years of interviews, we show that young people struggled to internalize structural explanations, instead favoring explanations that conceptualized gender as an individual attribute. Individual perspectives were so intransigent because of respondents’ adherence to what we call the agency myth, the latent cultural idea that individuals, particularly women, have the power to overcome gender inequality through strategic behaviors. The agency myth offered young people a sense of self-efficacy, but prevented their imagining broader solutions for social change. Those who were able to think structurally did so only after rejecting the agency myth. This article shows how the durability of individualist perspectives contributes to persistent gender inequality by privileging individualized solutions over more effective structural ones. We discuss how individual subscription to the agency myth is structured by young people’s intersecting identities, and how the agency myth can be applied to other axes of inequality.
The Conserved Arginine Required for AvrRps4 Processing Is Also Required for Recognition of Its N-Terminal Fragment in Lettuce
Authors: Su Jianbin , Nguyen Quang-Minh , Kimble Ashten , Pike Sharon M. , Kim Sang Hee , Gassmann Walter
Published: November 2020

Pathogens utilize a repertoire of effectors to facilitate pathogenesis, but when the host recognizes one of them, it causes effector-triggered immunity. The Pseudomonas type III effector AvrRps4 is a bipartite effector that is processed in planta into a functional 133–amino acid N-terminus (AvrRps4-N) and 88–amino acid C-terminus (AvrRps4-C). Previous studies found AvrRps4-C to be sufficient to trigger the hypersensitive response (HR) in turnip. In contrast, our recent work found that AvrRps4-N but not AvrRps4-C triggered HR in lettuce, whereas both were required for resistance induction in Arabidopsis. Here, we initially compared AvrRps4 recognition by turnip and lettuce using transient expression. By serial truncation, we identified the central conserved region consisting of 37 amino acids as essential for AvrRps4-N recognition, whereas the putative type III secretion signal peptide or the C-terminal 13 amino acids were dispensable. Surprisingly, the conserved arginine at position 112 (R112) that is required for full-length AvrRps4 processing is also required for the recognition of AvrRps4-N by lettuce. Mutating R112 to hydrophobic leucine or negatively charged glutamate abolished the HR-inducing capacity of AvrRps4-N, while a positively charged lysine at this position resulted in a slow and weak HR. Together, our results suggest an AvrRps4-N recognition-specific role of R112 in lettuce.

[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Evidence for Differences in the Temporal Progress of Plasmopara viticola Clades riparia and aestivalis Airborne Inoculum Monitored in Vineyards in Eastern Canada Using a Specific Multiplex Quantitative PCR Assay
Authors: Carisse O. , Van der Heyden H. , Tremblay D. M. , Hébert P. O. , Delmotte F.
Published: November 2020

Four clades of Plasmopara viticola isolated from wild and cultivated Vitis species were described in 2013. Only P. viticola clades riparia and aestivalis have been detected in eastern Canada. To increase our understanding of the epidemiology of these clades of P. viticola, airborne sporangia were monitored with spore samplers at two experimental vineyards from 2015 to 2018 and at 11, 14, and 15 commercial vineyards in 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively. At each vineyard and in each year, airborne sporangia were assessed three times weekly from grapevine budbreak to harvest. To accurately monitor airborne inoculum, a specific and sensitive quantitative PCR assay for simultaneous quantification of P. viticola clades riparia and aestivalis was developed. At the experimental site, in the vineyard planted with the hybrid grape variety Chancellor, mostly P. viticola clade riparia was detected. In vineyards planted with multiple grape varieties, airborne sporangia of P. viticola clade riparia were prevalent at the beginning of the season, whereas P. viticola clade aestivalis was mostly detected from midseason to harvest. At the commercial sites, airborne sporangia of P. viticola clade riparia were more prevalent in 2016, whereas P. viticola clade aestivalis was more prevalent in 2017 and 2018. The only significant difference between the inoculum progress curves was the time at which 50% of the seasonal inoculum was reached, with an average for the 3 years of 100.8 and 117.9 days since 1 May for P. viticola clade riparia and clade aestivalis, respectively. When airborne sporangium concentrations were expressed as the proportion of the two clades, in general, the proportion of clade aestivalis to that of clade riparia was low at the beginning of the season and increased to reach approximately 0.9 to 1.0 at the end of the season. These results suggest that both clades of P. viticola coexist, but that clade aestivalis is predominant and that downy mildew epidemics caused by P. viticola clade riparia occur 2 to 3 weeks before those caused by clade aestivalis.
Fibromyalgia screening in patients with unexplained chronic fatigue
Authors: Aakre Christopher A.
Published: November 2020

Women often complain of symptoms of fatigue and generalized aches and pains around menopause. Even though fibromyalgia is more prevalent in midlife women, not all women presenting with aches and pain and disrupted sleep meet diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia. This Practice Pearl addresses the distinction between chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia and the management of fibromyalgia in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.
CLINICAL UTILITY OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CORRELATION OF MICROPERIMETRY AND OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Sugiura Yoshimi , Dolz-Marco Rosa , Fernández-Avellaneda Pedro , Xu Xiaoyu , Ledesma-Gil Gerardo , Freund K. Bailey
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

To demonstrate the clinical and research value of a simplified technique enabling alignment of functional microperimetry data with retinal structure imaged by eye-tracked optical coherence tomography (OCT) in eyes with macular disease.

Methods:

Normal and diseased eyes underwent sequential Spectralis OCT macular raster scans and Macular Integrity Assessment microperimetry using both standard central 10° analysis and custom scan patterns. The microperimetry data were imported into Spectralis research software program, which was automatically registered to the scanning laser ophthalmoscopy near-infrared reflectance image obtained during OCT acquisition. The OCT B-scans were directly correlated with the microperimetry data so that retina sensitivity and retinal microstructure at corresponding points could be evaluated simultaneously.

Results:

Seventy eyes of 41 patients (110 studies) aged 22 years to 95 years (mean 63.5 ± 18.0 years) with both normal and pathologic macular changes were included. The mean Macular Integrity Assessment retina sensitivity of all 110 studies was 22.2 ± 4.9 (range: 0.1–30.3). Retinal sensitivity showed good correspondence in structural changes seen on OCT B-scans.

Conclusion:

We demonstrate a practical method to align retina sensitivity data to anatomical tomographic findings. This technique provides data not obtainable with standard visual acuity measures.
Role Identity During the Resuscitation of Trauma Patients
Authors: Stimson Christopher E.
Published: November 2020

Background:

Full trauma team activations (TTAs) are initiated for patients meeting criteria that are indicative of life-threatening injuries. This influx of medical personnel causes crowding, as well as increased noise. Both adverse effects create an environment that is prone to medical errors, miscommunication, and physical limitations reaching the patient.

Methods:

A perception survey was issued to all members of the trauma-resuscitation team. The survey focused on the perception of organization, role identity, communication, crowding, and noise during the resuscitation. Following the conclusions of the survey, a role identity process was initiated. The roles of each team member were preprinted on neon stickers and kept at the door of the trauma bay. Team members were required to don a sticker to be in the resuscitation room. Seven months after the initiation of this process, the original survey was reissued.

Results:

A total of 141 team members completed the preimplementation survey, and 96 completed the postimplementation survey. A significant difference was found in the perception of less noise (p = .009) and improved communication (p =.005) during the trauma resuscitation. No significant difference was determined regarding the perception of organization (p = .175) or improvement in knowing the roles of all the team members (p = .090).

Conclusion:

Having a mechanism to identify the members of the trauma team during a full TTA resuscitation has shown to limit overcrowding, improve communication, and decrease noise during trauma resuscitation. This mechanism ensures appropriate personnel are present during this phase of the critically injured patient.
COVID-19 Presenting With Confusion: An Unusual but Suggestive Electroencephalography Pattern of Encephalitis
Authors: Affes Zied , Bouvard Eric-Jean , Levy Pierre , Dussaule Claire , Grateau Gilles , Haymann Jean-Philippe
Published: November 2020

A 78-year-old man was admitted for acute confusion. At initial investigation physical examination, blood and cerebrospinal fluid tests were unremarkable and EEG showed synchronous bifrontal periodic discharges, an evocative pattern of encephalitis. Coronavirus disease 2019 was diagnosed later after fever onset. Isolated mild confusion may thus be an initial clinical picture of Coronavirus disease 2019 infection.
Using real-time UV–visible spectrophotometer to assess an Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy's dissolution in acidic solution
Authors: Sun Qingqing , Yang Yang , Wang Shuai , Liang Panyi , Lin Bin , Li Huabing
Published: November 2020

Applicability and limitations of using online non-destructive ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectrophotometer to monitor the dissolution of an Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy in HCl-containing solution were studied. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry results indicate that the spectrum absorbance at 252 nm is mainly attributed to Cu-containing complexes. Surprisingly, an hours-long ‘induction' period was observed from UV–vis results. This is not a real indicator of induction for Al dissolution as revealed by electrochemical impedance spectrum, actually it reflects the alloy's galvanic corrosion nature that Cu species are released after Al, Zn and Mg species.
A Two-Region SEIR COVID-19 Epidemic Model for the Island of Ireland
Authors: Grannell James J. , Grannell James R.
Published: November 2020

The island of Ireland consists of two countries, Ireland and Northern Ireland, which are separated by a land border. We develop a model for the COVID-19 epidemic which consists of two SEIR models, one for each country, coupled through border interaction terms. The model incorporates symptomatic and presymptomatic infectives, but not asymptomatic infectives, together with a simple isolation/quarantine model. The objective of the work is to explore how the two-region epidemic could evolve by examining selected regions of parameter space. In this context we examine the effect of the border status on evolution of the epidemic. We found that, even though the border interaction parameters are relatively small, the open border could significantly affect the course of the epidemic in some of the scenarios studied. We also looked for and found examples of sensitive dependence on several parameters.