bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BERNESE PERIACETABULAR OSTEOTOMY TO TREAT DEVELOPMENTAL HIP DYSPLASIA: THE LONG-TERM BOSTON EXPERIENCE
Authors: Millis M. B , Maroyan A. , Mendola L. , Matheney T.
Published: August 2024

The periacetabular osteotomy(PAO) is an effective common hip-preserving procedure to treat symptomatic acetabular dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The literature regarding truly long-term patient outcomes after PAO remains limited. We sought to evaluate our patient cohort treated by PAO 25 to 33 years ago to identify factors positively and negatively associated with durable therapeutic success.

219 dysplastic hips (183 patients) underwent PAO between August 1991 and December 1999 by a single surgeon. 164 hips in 134 patients were retrospectively evaluated at minimum of 25 years and maximum of 33 years post-operatively. Hips were evaluated using the pain subscale of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) postoperatively. Osteotomy failure was defined as WOMAC pain score of >/=10 or the need for total hip arthroplasty (THA). 7 patients (7 hips) had died - none of whom had THR. 142/176 remaining patients were located. All patients returned questionnaires; some were seen in person with images.

Of patients analyzed to date, 109 hips (63%) were asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic with a preserved hip. 58 hips (33%) had undergone THA. 7 preserved hips (5%) were symptomatic (WOMAC>10). Patients with THA were slightly older than asymptomatic patients (54 ± 8 years vs. 50 ± 11 years; p=0.08), as they had been at time of PAO. Most patients were female (83%), with 89% of hip replacement patients being female. 4/58 replaced hips had been revised - 3 for instability and 1 for acetabular loosening. Data collection is ongoing as more patients are located and reviewed.

Long-term follow-up of patients is challenging. Review after minimum of 25 years of the Boston cohort treated with PAO after minimum of 25 years dysplasia reveals that most at long-term follow-up report high levels of function, whether or not they had required arthroplasty, although 33% had required interim treatment with THA.
MIXED-REALITY GUIDANCE FOR PELVIC OSTEOTOMY AND ACETABULAR REALIGNMENT: PROOF OF CONCEPT
Authors: Heimann A. F. , Kowal J. H. , Lane P. M. , Amundson A. J. , Tannast M. , Murphy S. B.
Published: August 2024

Mixed Reality has the potential to improve accuracy and reduce required dissection for the performance of peri-acetabular osteotomy. The current work assesses initial proof of concept of MR guidance for PAO.

A PAO planning module, based on preoperative computed tomography (CT) imaging, allows for the planning of PAO cut planes and repositioning of the acetabular fragment. 3D files (holograms) of the cut planes and native and planned acetabulum positions are exported with the associated spatial information. The files are then displayed on mixed reality head mounted device (HoloLens2, Microsoft) following intraoperative registration using an FDA-cleared mixed reality application designed primary for hip arthroplasty (HipInsight). PAO was performed on both sides of a bone model (Pacific Research). The osteotomies and acetabular reposition were performed in accordance with the displayed holograms. Post-op CT imaging was performed for analysis. Cutting plane-accuracy was evaluated using a best-fit plane and 2D angles (°) between the planned and achieved supra (SA)- and retroacetabular (RA) osteotomy and retroacetabular and ischial osteotomies (IO) were measured.

To evaluate the accuracy of acetabular reorientation, we digitized the acetabular rim and calculated the acetabular opening plane. Absolute errors of planned and achieved operative inclination and anteversion (°) of the acetabular fragment, as well as 3D lateral-center-edge (LCE) angles were calculated.

The mean absolute difference between the planned and performed osteotomy angles was 3 ± 3°.

The mean absolute error between planned and achieved operative anteversion and inclination was 1 ± 0° and 0 ± 0° respectively. Mean absolute error between planned and achieved 3D LCE angle was 0.5 ± 0.7°.

Mixed-reality guidance for the performance of pelvic osteotomies and acetabular fragment reorientation was feasible and highly accurate. This solution may improve the current standard of care by enabling reliable and precise reproduction of the desired acetabular realignment.
Internally focused phase optical transfer function for spatial light interference microscopy
Authors: Fang Jingde , Liu Peng , Smith Zachary J. , Chu Kaiqin
Published: August 2024

The phase optical transfer function (POTF) is a critical aspect of image formation theory for high-resolution phase imaging such as spatial light interference microscopy. However, current analytic formulae for the POTF do not match experimental results. Further, when used for deconvolution, halo artifacts still persist, and the contrast improvement is rather limited. We hypothesize that one of the reasons for this is that, during the derivation of POTF, the objective is assumed to focus at a plane outside of the sample. In this work, we have derived a new, to the best of our knowledge, POTF assuming that the objective is focused at a plane inside the sample (iPOTF), which more closely matches experimental results. When used for deconvolution, iPOTF not only leads to higher contrast of dim structures but also reduces halos compared with the traditional POTF.
Markov chain models of emitter activations in single molecule localization microscopy
Authors: Sun Yi
Published: August 2024

A well-reasoned model of data movie in single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is desired. A model of data movie can be decomposed into a model of emitter activation process and a model of data frame. In this paper, we focus on Markov chain modeling and analyzing of emitter activation process for both cycled and continuous illuminations. First, a two-phase Markov chain is proposed to model the activation process for a pair of conjugated activator and emitter with cycled illumination. By converting the frame-based Markov chain into several cycle-based Markov chains, the stationary state distribution in the photoactivatable period is derived. Further obtained are several formulas that capture the characterization of the two-phase Markov chain. Second, the Markov chain and analytical result are extended to the continuous illumination where an emitter is excited continuously in all frames. Finally, incorporating the model of emitter activation process with our previous model of data frame, the model of data movie for both cycled and continuous illuminations in 3D and 2D imaging are simulated by custom codes. It is shown that the model can synthesize data movies well and the analytical formulas predict the simulation results accurately. The models provide a means to be broadly utilized in generating well-reasoned data movies for training of neural networks and evaluation of localization algorithms.
Fringe-averaged collinear frequency-resolved optical gating: in situ characterization of ultrashort pulses in nonlinear microscopy
Authors: Frackleton Leah , Harper Alexander N. , Latorre Malcolm , Pegoraro Adrian F. , Stolow Albert , Shivkumar Siddarth
Published: August 2024

In situ characterization of the electric field of ultrafast pulses is critical in multiphoton microscopy. Although second harmonic generation-based collinear Frequency-Resolved Optical Gating (FROG) addresses this need, the interferometric measurement is challenged by interferometric drift instability, the required high sampling density of the acquired data, and the inability to directly use the interferometric data with conventional FROG retrieval algorithms. We address these issues by combining low-pass Fourier filtering with active kHz dithering of the interferometric path length difference using a piezo-driven retroreflector. We demonstrate successful electric field retrieval for pulses of variable duration (∼100 fs-3 ps), in situ characterization of a chirped pulse in a nonlinear microscope, and a significant reduction in acquisition time, without loss of resolution, by undersampling.
Model control of corneal surface curvature during refractive surgery: validation on artificial eyes
Authors: Quan Tingwei , Zhou Zimeng , Zhang Zhuoyu , Wei Yihui , Feng Xu , Liu Xiuli , Lv Xiaohua , Zeng Shaoqun , Wang Honghao
Published: August 2024

We present a method that optimizes refractive surgical cutting and controls changes in corneal curvature induced by biomechanical effects. In detail, based on the curvature and mechanical characteristics of the target, a finite element analysis model was established to simulate the refractive cutting process, analyze and compensate the biomechanical effects, and verify them on a measurable artificial eye device. In the laser cutting experiment of artificial eye, the finite element analysis model based on our method can accurately predict the change of corneal curvature. The guided surgical cutting model can compensate for 70% of the undercorrection caused by biomechanical effects.
Optical-Butterfly-Effect in PhotoWave Experiments --- Curve-Single Slit, Curve-Double Slit, and Non-Parallel-Curve-Double Slit Experiments
Authors: Peng Hui
Published: August 2024

Feynman (1956) called the double slit experiment "[…] it contains the only mystery. We cannot make the mystery go away by ‘explaining’ how it works". The photons are described by probability wave functions. The wave functions collapse to photons when measuring. However, the collapse of the wave function leads to the inconsistent/incomplete of the quantum mechanics (Penrose, 2022). In this article, we confirm that the apparatus of slits, e.g., the curve-double slit, does not change the nature of the light passing through it. We perform multi-experiments to show that, before and after passing through the apparatus of slits, the light is photons, not waves. And it is photons that produce the non-wave pattern and wave patterns in the same experiment. We refer to the phenomena as “PhotoWave Phenomena”. We experimentally show for the first-time novel phenomena that are new mysteries: (1) in the same curve-single slit experiment, the patterns are non-diffraction near the apparatus of slits and then, gradually evolve to the Hourglass-shape patterns; (2) Curved-double slit produces Arc-shape interference pattern near the apparatus of slits and Point-symmetry interference patterns near the detector; (3) non-parallel-curve-double slit produces Butterfly-shape interference patterns. We show the sensitive dependence of patterns on the structures of apparatus of slits: changes in the structure of the apparatus of slits result in profound differences in both pattern evolution and final pattern. We refer to it as “Optical-Butterfly-effect”.
Slit Patterns Slit Patterns

The above novel phenomena are universal. The PhotoWave phenomena support Penrose’s statement. To explain completely/consistently the PhotoWave phenomena and Optical-Butterfly-effect is a challenge. Advances in optical experiments demand a complete theory. The experiments provide the comprehensive phenomena for further developing theoretical model to study the nature of the light and the light wave theories.
III-V-on-Si3N4 widely tunable narrow-linewidth laser based on micro-transfer printing
Authors: Pan Biwei , Bourderionnet Jerome , Billault Vincent , Dande Guenole , Dahlem Marcus , Song Jeong Hwan , Dwivedi Sarvagya , Altamirano Diego Carbajal , Cummins Cian , Saseendran Sandeep Seema , Helin Philippe , Ramirez Joan , Néel Delphine , Soltanian Emadreza , Zhang Jing , Roelkens Gunther
Published: August 2024

Leveraging its superior waveguide properties, silicon-nitride (Si3N4) photonics is emerging to expand the applications of photonic integrated circuits to optical systems where bulk optics and fibers today still dominate. In order to fully leverage its advantages, heterogeneous integration of III-V gain elements on Si3N4 is one of the most critical steps. In this paper, we demonstrate a III-V-on-Si3N4 widely tunable narrow-linewidth laser based on micro-transfer printing. Detailed design considerations of the tolerant III-V-to-Si3N4 vertical coupler, Si3N4-based micro-ring resonators (MRRs), and micro-heaters are discussed. By introducing the dispersion of Si3N4 waveguide in the design, the proposed Vernier MRRs enable an extended tuning range over multiple Vernier periods. The laser shows a wavelength tuning range of 54 nm in C and L bands with intrinsic linewidth less than 25 kHz. Within the tuning range, the side mode suppression ratio is larger than 40 dB and the output power in the Si3N4 waveguide reaches 6.3 mW. The integration process allows for the fabrication and quality control of both the Si3N4 circuits and III-V devices in its own foundry, which greatly enhances the integration yield and paves the way for large-scale integration.
AlphaFold2-guided engineering of split-GFP technology enables labeling of endogenous tubulins across species while preserving function
Authors: Xu Kaiming , Li Zhiyuan , Mao Linfan , Guo Zhengyang , Chen Zhe , Chai Yongping , Xie Chao , Yang Xuerui , Na Jie , Li Wei , Ou Guangshuo
Published: August 2024

Dynamic properties are essential for microtubule (MT) physiology. Current techniques for in vivo imaging of MTs present intrinsic limitations in elucidating the isotype-specific nuances of tubulins, which contribute to their versatile functions. Harnessing the power of the AlphaFold2 pipeline, we engineered a strategy for the minimally invasive fluorescence labeling of endogenous tubulin isotypes or those harboring missense mutations. We demonstrated that a specifically designed 16-amino acid linker, coupled with sfGFP11 from the split-sfGFP system and integration into the H1-S2 loop of tubulin, facilitated tubulin labeling without compromising MT dynamics, embryonic development, or ciliogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Extending this technique to human cells and murine oocytes, we visualized MTs with the minimal background fluorescence and a pathogenic tubulin isoform with fidelity. The utility of our approach across biological contexts and species set an additional paradigm for studying tubulin dynamics and functional specificity, with implications for understanding tubulin-related diseases known as tubulinopathies.
Forecasting climate-associated non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections in the UK using international surveillance data and machine learning
Authors: Campbell Amy Marie , Willis Katy , Parsons Edward
Published: August 2024

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) cause skin and lung infections, have high mortality rates, and are resistant to a range of antibiotics and water treatment methods. As NTM reside in environmental reservoirs, they are sensitive to environmental conditions. The suitability of their environmental reservoirs can increase as a result of climate change, subsequently increasing environmental exposure and infection rates. NTM infections are not generally notifiable, including in the UK, but sustained increases have been observed in regions that report NTM infection rates. To assess the burden of NTM infections in the UK under projected climate change, we examined the relationship between climate variables and available NTM surveillance data internationally. Statistically significant increases were found in regions where NTM infections are notifiable, which were positively associated with increased precipitation and temperatures. A random forest regressor was trained using supervised learning from international NTM surveillance data and linked climate variables. The random forest model was applied to UK climate projections, projecting a 6.2% increase in NTM infection rates over the next 10 years, with notable regional variation. Our random forest model predicts that the forecasted impacts of climate change in the UK, including increasing temperatures and frequency of heavy rainfall, will lead to increases in NTM infection rates. Robust surveillance in the future is necessary to increase data available to train models, increasing our predictive power in forecasting climate-associated NTM trends. Our results highlight a novel aspect of how climate change will impact health outcomes in the UK.
Knockdown resistance (kdr) associated organochlorine resistance in mosquito-borne diseases (Culex quinquefasciatus): Systematic study of reviews and meta-analysis
Authors: Abbasi Ebrahim , Daliri Salman
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Culex quinquefasciatus is one of the most important carriers of human pathogens. Using the insecticides is one of the most important methods of combating this vector. But the genetic resistance created in Culex quinquefasciatus led to disruption in the fight against this pest. Consequently, it is necessary to know the level of resistance to fight this vector. Based on this, the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of kdr resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus against organochlorine insecticides in the world.

Methods

This study was conducted by systematic review, and meta-analysis on the prevalence of kdr resistance and mortality rate in Culex quinquefasciatus against organochlorine insecticides in the world. All pertinent articles were extracted and analyzed in accordance with this information during an unrestricted search of the scientific databases Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, biooan.org, Embase, ProQuest, and Google Scholar until the end of November 2023. Statistical analysis of data was done using fixed and random effects model in meta-analysis, I2 index, Cochran’s test, and meta-regression by STATA version 17 software.

Results

Seventy articles were included in the meta-analysis process. Based on the findings, the prevalence of Kdr in Culex quinquefasciatus against organochlorine insecticide was estimated at 63.1%. Moreover, the mortality rate against the insecticide deltamethrin was 46%, DDT 18.5%, permethrin 42.6%, malathion 54.4% and lambdacyhalothrin 53%.

Conclusion

More than half of Cx. quinquefasciatus had Kdr. This vector was relatively resistant to DDT and permethrin insecticides and sensitive to malathion, deltamethrin and lambdacyhalothrin. In order to prevent the development of resistance to alternative insecticides, it is consequently critical to combat this vector with efficacious insecticides.
What’s going on with teleworking? a scoping review of its effects on well-being
Authors: Vacchiano Mattia , Fernandez Guillaume , Schmutz Rita
Published: August 2024

Studies of teleworking and well-being increased dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article aims to provide an overview of this emerging body of knowledge. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we performed a scoping review using Social Sciences Citation Index (Web of Science), Sociological Abstracts (PROQUEST), and SocINDEX with full text (EBSCOhost). Articles published in English up to December 2022 were included. The result was a total of 2695 potentially relevant studies. After a double-screening procedure, 132 studies were chosen for data extraction. A content analysis was carried out to provide a summary of the social mechanisms linking teleworking to indicators of well-being related to mental health and quality of life. A complex picture of variables emerges on the impact of teleworking through direct or indirect mechanisms and a number of interactions with worker’s characteristics. First, the features of the environment matter, as it affects well-being, for example, depending on a better digital infrastructure, access to daylight and sufficient space. Second, it is not only a question of “where” we telework, but also “how much”. The advantages of a hybrid mode seem to be emerging to avoid an excessive lack of in-person social interaction, while offering greater flexibility in organizing daily life and reducing commuting times. Third, beyond the modalities of teleworking per se, it is key to take into account how these interact with workers’ personalities, their choices and preferences, which are often dictated by the stage of life they are in, e.g., parenting and career stages. In sum, the literature suggests that a straight answer on the positive or negative effects of teleworking is neither useful nor necessary. Multiple answers are possible to unveil the specific working arrangements that makes workers’ lives better according to their different needs. It seems essential to continue research on teleworking away from the exceptional stressors of the COVID-19 pandemic, which have greatly skewed the evidence on the detrimental effects of teleworking. Planning more complex research designs using longitudinal data and network analyses could improve understanding of how teleworking is changing careers, lifestyles and social relationships.
Genomic diversity of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from the Ethiopian dairy supply chain
Authors: Admasie Abera , Wei Xiaoyuan , Johnson Beth , Burns Logan , Pawar Preeti , Aurand-Cravens Ashley , Voloshchuk Olena , Dudley Edward G. , Sisay Tessema Tesfaye , Zewdu Ashagrie , Kovac Jasna
Published: August 2024

Campylobacteriosis outbreaks have previously been linked to dairy foods. While the genetic diversity of Campylobacter is well understood in high-income countries, it is largely unknown in low-income countries, such as Ethiopia. This study therefore aimed to conduct the first genomic characterization of Campylobacter isolates from the Ethiopian dairy supply chain to aid in future epidemiological studies. Fourteen C. jejuni and four C. coli isolates were whole genome sequenced using an Illumina platform. Sequences were analyzed using the bioinformatics tools in the GalaxyTrakr platform to identify MLST types, and single nucleotide polymorphisms, and infer phylogenetic relationships among the studied isolates. Assembled genomes were further screened to detect antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene sequences. Among 14 C. jejuni, ST 2084 and ST 51, which belong to the clonal complexes ST-353 and ST-443, respectively, were identified. Among the 4 sequenced C. coli isolates, two isolates belonged to ST 1628 and two to ST 830 from the clonal complex ST-828. The isolates of C. jejuni ST 2084 and ST 51 carried β-lactam resistance gene blaOXA-605, a fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutation T86I in the gryA gene, and a macrolide resistance-associated mutation A103V in 50S L22. Only ST 2084 isolates carried the tetracycline resistance gene tetO. Conversely, all four C. coli ST 830 and ST 1628 isolates carried tetO, but only ST 1628 isolates also carried blaOXA-605. Lastly, C. jejuni ST 2084 isolates carried a total of 89 virulence genes, and ST 51 isolates carried up to 88 virulence genes. Among C. coli, ST 830 isolates carried 71 genes involved in virulence, whereas two ST 1628 isolates carried up to 82 genes involved in virulence. Isolates from all identified STs have previously been isolated from human clinical cases, demonstrating a potential food safety concern. This finding warrants further monitoring of Campylobacter in dairy foods in Ethiopia to better understand and manage the risks associated with Campylobacter contamination and transmission.
Prevalence and factors associated with transfusion-transmissible infections (HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis) among blood donors in Gabon: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mangala Christian , Maulot-Bangola Denis , Moutsinga Alain , Okolongo-Mayani Serge Christian , Matsomo-Kombet Gwladys Esmeralda , Moundanga Mireille , Mombo-Maganga Christian , Mabika-Obanda Alfred Keith Felix , Fokam Joseph
Published: August 2024

Background

Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) remain a major public health problem in countries with limited resources, particularly in Gabon. Complete information on the prevalence in Gabon of the main TTIs among blood donors is still lacking in the national context. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with TTIs among blood donors in Gabon.

Methods

This systematic review and meta-analysis was reported in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. It was the result of data from several comprehensive studies published between 2014 and 2022, the purpose of which focused on the prevalence and factors associated with TTIs among blood donors in Gabon. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for studies reporting prevalence data. The overall prevalence of TTIs among blood donors was determined using the random effects model. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I2 statistics. Publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of the funnel plot and Egger’s statistics.

Results

A total of 175,140 blood donors from the nine eligible studies were admitted to this study. The combined prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis obtained in the random effects model was 3.0%, 6.0%, 4.0% and 3.0%, respectively. Moreover, being a male blood donor and aged between 25 and 44 years was significantly associated with HBV infection and being a female blood donor and aged 35 years and over was significantly associated with HIV infection. Family or replacement blood donors had a high infection burden for all four TTIs of study.

Conclusion

The overall prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections remains high in the country’s blood banks. Improving current prevention (selection criteria) and screening strategies may be necessary in a global approach.
COVID-19, vaccination and migraine: Causal association or epiphenomenon?
Authors: Jiang Hailun , Zhang Chao , Meng Xianggang , Chi Shihao , Huang Danqi , Deng Shizhe , Tian Guang , Meng Zhihong
Published: August 2024

Background

Diverse studies have revealed discrepant evidence concerning the causal association between Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and COVID-19 vaccination in relation to migraines. Investigating the correlation between the former two factors and migraines can facilitate policymakers in the precise formulation of comprehensive post-pandemic interventions while urging the populace to adopt a judicious perspective on COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods

We undertook a Mendelian randomization (MR) study. The primary assessment of the causal relationship between the three different COVID-19 exposures and migraine was conducted using the standard inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach. In the supplementary analysis, we also employed two methodologies: the weighted median estimator (WME) and the MR-Egger regression. Ultimately, the reliability and stability of the outcomes were assessed via Cochran’s Q test, the leave-one-out method, the MR-Egger intercept test, and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test.

Results

The results indicate an absence of correlation between genetically predicted COVID-19 (①Very severe respiratory confirmed COVID-19: odds ratio [OR], 1.0000881; 95%CI, 0.999748–1.000428; p = 0.6118; ②Hospitalized COVID-19: OR, 1.000024; 95%CI, 0.9994893–1.000559; p = 0.931;③SARS-CoV-2 infection: OR, 1.000358; 95%CI, 0.999023–1.001695; p = 0.5993) and the risk of migraine. Furthermore, the MR-Egger regression and WME also yielded no evidence of COVID-19 elevating the risk of migraine occurrence. Sensitivity analysis affirmed the robustness and consistency of all outcomes.

Conclusions

The results of this study do not offer genetic evidence to substantiate a causal relationship between COVID-19 and migraines. Thus, the deduction drawn from COVID-19 genetic data is that COVID-19 vaccination is unlikely to exert an impact on the occurrence of migraines, though this conclusion warrants further investigation.
Limiting heterogeneity in cross-border data flow: Impact on domestic value chains stability and the role of innovation
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Yuan , Jiang Rui , Cheng Jing , Dai JingJing
Published: August 2024

Amidst growing skepticism towards globalization and rising digital trade, this study investigates the impact of Restrictions on Cross-Border Data Flows (RCDF) on Domestic Value Chains (DVCs) stability. As global value chains participation declines, the stability of DVCs—integral to internal economic dynamics—becomes crucial. This study situates within a framework exploring the role of innovation and RCDF in the increasingly interconnected global trade. Using a panel data fixed effect model, our analysis provides insights into the varying effects of RCDF on DVCs stability across countries with diverse economic structures and technological advancement levels. This approach allows for a nuanced understanding of the interplay between digital trade policies, value chain stability, and innovation. RCDF tend to disrupt DVCs by negatively impacting innovation, which necessitates proactive policy measures to mitigate these effects. In contrast, low-income countries experience a less detrimental impact; RCDF may even aid in integrating their DVCs into Global Value Chains, enhancing economic stability. It underscores the need for dynamic, adaptable policies and global collaboration to harmonize digital trade standards, thus offering guidance for policy-making in the context of an interconnected global economy.
A human centered design approach to define and measure documentation quality using an EHR virtual simulation
Authors: Kalsy Megha , Burant Ryan , Ball Sarah , Pohnert Anne , Dolansky Mary A.
Published: August 2024

Electronic health record (EHR) documentation serves multiple functions, including recording patient health status, enabling interprofessional communication, supporting billing, and providing data to support the quality infrastructure of a Learning Healthcare System. There is no definition and standardized method to assess documentation quality in EHRs. Using a human-centered design (HCD) approach, we define and describe a method to measure documentation quality. Documentation quality was defined as timely, accurate, user-centered, and efficient. Measurement of quality used a virtual simulated standardized patient visit via an EHR vendor platform. By observing and recording documentation efforts, nurse practitioners (NPs) (N = 12) documented the delivery of an Age-Friendly Health System (AFHS) 4Ms (what Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility) clinic visit using a standardized case. Results for timely documentation indicated considerable variability in completion times of documenting the 4Ms. Accuracy varied, as there were many types of episodes of erroneous documentation and extra time in seconds in documenting the 4Ms. The type and frequency of erroneous documentation efforts were related to navigation burden when navigating to different documentation tabs. The evaluated system demonstrated poor usability, with most participants scoring between 60 and 70 on the System Usability Scale (SUS). Efficiency, measured as click burden (the number of clicks used to navigate through a software system), revealed significant variability in the number of clicks required, with the NPs averaging approximately 13 clicks above the minimum requirement. The HCD methodology used in this study to assess the documentation quality proved feasible and provided valuable information on the quality of documentation. By assessing the quality of documentation, the gathered data can be leveraged to enhance documentation, optimize user experience, and elevate the quality of data within a Learning Healthcare System.
Achieving Sustainability in Manufacturing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs’) in Tanzania Through Adoption of Solar Energy
Authors: Lyakurwa Felichesmi
Published: August 2024

Globally, energy demand has increased significantly whereby consumption of nonrenewable energy is dominant. The reliance on nonrenewable energy sources, not only threatens the efforts to achieve the stated Sustainable Development Goals but also affects community’s participation in the economic activities. The increased concern over resource depletion, and environmental impacts, has suggested future reliance on renewable energy. Tanzania has high levels of solar energy, whose exploitation could contribute significantly to energy access. Despite the benefits of renewable energy use, studies to establish factors for energy choice by manufacturing Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME’s) in Tanzania are inadequate. Hence, this study intended to establish the dominant factors for the choice of solar energy by manufacturing industries, and workers perceptions about sustainable manufacturing practices. A cross sectional survey research design was employed whereas questionnaires were used to collect data (n = 236) from employees working in the manufacturing MSMEs’ in the selected districts in Morogoro region. A descriptive, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and a multinomial probit (MNP) model were employed to establish the dominant factors for the solar energy use. The MNP results (tested at: 95% confidence level) indicated that not expensive energy source (Pvalue = 0.01) and other factors, including availability of solar appliances (Pvalue = 0.02) have significant influence on industry’s choice of solar energy, while choice of hydro-electricity was significantly influenced by not expensive (Pvalue = 0.01) and advised to use energy source (Pvalue = 0.001). Easy access (Pvalue = 006), and not expensive energy source (Pvalue = 0.001) were found to have significant influence on the use of fossil fuels. Also, the CFA results indicated that all factors i.e., environmental, social, and economic have significant influence on the workers perception about sustainable manufacturing practices. The results therefore, provides critical information to policy making institutions in Tanzania to make informed decisions on the formulation of national strategies that attracts use of renewable energy for manufacturing sustainability.
Rest Time Analysis Based on Operator's Workload Using a Physiological Measures at PT. Amanah Insanillahia
Authors: Senjawati Maria Isfus , Nadiyah Khairun , Permana Diego Arya
Published: August 2024

Amanah Insanillahia is a manufacturing company that produces bottled drinking water (AMDK). The high demand for drinking water production at PT Amanah Insanillahia requires workers to do their work as much as possible in order to achieve the targets desired by the company. In addition to the targets to be achieved, the company must also pay attention to the operator's workload. Workload related to physical fatigue will reduce performance and increase errors at work. This study aims to determine the operator's rest time using a physiological approach. The method used is quantitative with data collection carried out directly. The object of research is the population of employees in the 220 ml packaging station. Heart rate measurement is done by utilizing the 10-beat method. The results show that the value of K < S, the energy expended during work is less than the standard value of energy expended (men = 5 kcal/min, women = 4 kcal/min), then Rt = 0. This means that the rest time provided by the company is adequate, so there is no need for additional resting time at the 220 ml packaging station.
Waste Reduction Analysis with Lean Manufacturing Approach
Authors: Yulianti Faridah Eulis , Yonathan Teja Kusuma Trio
Published: August 2024

UPT Logam Yogyakarta is one of the manufacturing industries engaged in metal casting services. UPT Logam Yogyakarta has the status of a Regional Business Service Agency so that this company has the capacity to receive requests from local and foreign consumers. One of the requests produced is the product Panasonic Downlight NN511. The problem that occurs in this company is the waste that occurs in the production process which results in losses to the company because the production output is not optimal. This can be indicated from the capacity of the production machine in the form of a sophisticated automated die casting machine with the ability to produce a Panasonic Downlight NN511 product per 45 seconds that cannot be utilized optimally, due to an unbalanced production path caused by waste and non-value added time. As a result, the production capacity of 1040 pcs per day cannot be achieved, and is only able to produce at the rate of 200-300 pcs. As a calculation reference to determine the degree of accuracy, a adequacy and uniformity test of the data will be carried out, then calculate the rating factor and determine the allowance for the calculation of normal time and standard time. After testing and adjusting the data with the factor rating and allowance, it was found that there was a cycle time that was greater than the taktime, it explained that the metal UPT had to reduce the cycle time at the finishing and packaging stations to be able to meet customer demands. One of the large proportions of waste is the waiting time in the production process. The analysis to determine the root cause of the problem is carried out using a fishbone diagram. To optimize available resources and increase production efficiency, several continuous improvements are needed in the flow pattern of the Panasonic Downlight NN511 production process. balancing, compiling the layout using Activity Relationships Chart, and collapsing diagrams. From these improvements, it is hoped that Yogyakarta Metals UPT in producing the Panasonic Downlight NN511 can achieve a higher level of productivity.
Bibliometric Insights into Halal Retail: Mapping of Research Trends
Authors: Maradjabessy Prita Nurkhalisa , Yanti Roaida , Qurtubi  , Setiawan Danang , Jaafar Harlina Suzana
Published: August 2024

This study systematically examines and assesses the existing literature on halal retail to identify trends and emerging areas of interest. It seeks to offer insightful advice for market strategies, policy development, and research opportunities in the ever-changing halal retail sector. The study uses a bibliometric analysis and research mapping approach, employing data from 994 articles sourced from Google Scholar (GS). The data was analyzed using Harzing's Publish or Perish (PoP) to identify current and promising research areas. The study highlights the importance of exploring these trends further and combining them with less explored research areas. The relatively limited research in halal retail over the past decade is also noted, presenting a timely opportunity for deeper investigation. Originality lies in its comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the halal retail sector over a decade. It provides a unique perspective on evolving trends and emerging research areas, offering a valuable resource for scholars, market strategists, and policymakers interested in the halal market. Practical implications are significant for market strategists and policymakers in the halal retail sector. By identifying current trends and gaps, the study provides insights that can inform strategic decisions, enhance market positioning, and drive policy development to support the growth of halal retail.
Comprehensibility of Legal Rules as a Means of Smart Regulation
Authors: Davydova Marina L. , Kozlova Marina Yu.
Published: August 2024

Improving the efficiency of legal regulation is among the crucial priorities in modern law-making policy. This issue is considered, in particular, within the framework of the smart regulation concept, aimed at developing tools for achieving the greatest regulatory effect at the least material, organizational, time, etc. expenditures. An important requirement of smart regulation is the use of comprehensible legal language, since without communicating the content of legal rules to the addressee, the improvement of other means of legal influence is just meaningless. The present paper, using the data of published studies based on the method of computational linguistics, proves that the simplification of the legislative language involves not only the replacement of complicated terms with more understandable ones. The wordiness of the text, its excessive volume, and numerous repetitions also make it difficult to understand the meaning of legal rules both for an unprepared reader and for a professional. Contextual abbreviations, the potential of which to improve the readability of the legal text is not sufficiently used by the legislator, are considered here as a means of solving the above-mentioned problem.
Pengaruh pengetahuan manajemen keuangan terhadap kinerja usaha moderasi umur usaha pada Kota Tidore Kepulauan ( studi kasus Industri Mebel dan Kerajinan Bambu)
Authors: M gailea Sarinita
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini berfokus pada industri mebel dan kerajinan bambu berdasarkan IKM yang ada diKota Tdiore Kepulauan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan manajemen keuangan terhadap kinerja usaha dan umur usaha terhadap kinerja usaha pada indutri mebel dan kerajinan bambu. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, sampel 42 pengusaha. Teknik pengummpulan data menggunakan angket atau kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif, uji prasyarat regresi, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear berganda, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menujukan secara langsung variabel Pengetahuan Manajemen Keuangan berpengaruh positif terhadap Kinerja Usaha, sedangkan variabel Pengetahuan Manajemen Keuangan yang dimoderasi oleh Umur Usaha juga berpengaruh positif terhadap Kinerja Usaha pada Industri Mebel dan Kerajinan Bambu Kota Tidore Kepulauan.Kata kunci: IKM, pengetahuan manajemen keuangan, kinerja usaha, umur usaha
Five days of bed rest in young and old adults: Retainment of skeletal muscle mass with neuromuscular electrical stimulation
Authors: Hansen Sofie K. , Hansen Pernille , Nygaard Hanne , Grønbæk Hans D. , Berry Tania W. , Olsen Camilla M. , Aagaard Per , Hvid Lars G. , Agergaard Jakob , Dela Flemming , Suetta Charlotte
Published: August 2024

The consequences of short‐term disuse are well known, but effective countermeasures remain elusive. This study investigated the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) during 5 days of bed rest on retaining lower limb muscle mass and muscle function in healthy young and old participants. One leg received NMES of the quadriceps muscle (3 × 30min/day) (NMES), and the other served as a control (CON). Isometric quadriceps strength (MVC), rate of force development (RFD), lower limb lean mass, and muscle thickness were assessed pre‐and post‐intervention. Muscle thickness remained unaltered with NMES in young and increased in old following bed rest, while it decreased in CON legs. In old participants, mid‐thigh lean mass (MTLM) was preserved with NMES while decreased in CON legs. In the young, only a tendency to change with bed rest was detected for MTLM. MVC and early‐phase RFD decreased in young and old, irrespective of NMES. In contrast, late‐phase RFD was retained in young participants with NMES, while it decreased in young CON legs, and in the old, irrespective of NMES. NMES during short‐term bed rest preserved muscle thickness but not maximal muscle strength. While young and old adults demonstrated similar adaptive responses in preventing the loss of skeletal muscle thickness, RFD was retained in the young only.
Interaction between soy hull polysaccharide and mucin with sodium-/potassium-ion treatment: interfacial property
Authors: Zhang Siyu , Wu Xinghui , Zhang Yangyang , Song Hong , Yang Lina
Published: August 2024

The interaction between soy hull polysaccharide and intestinal mucus is influenced by different ions. This study investigates the effects of various concentrations of Na+/K+ on the stability, interfacial activity, and viscoelasticity of the microwave-assisted ammonium oxalate extraction of soy hull polysaccharide (MASP) in simulated intestinal fluids (SIFs) in terms of particle size, zeta potential, surface hydrophobicity, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, shear rheology, and microstructure. Results showed that 1.5 % Na+/K+ causes MASP and mucin in SIFs to bind through physical adsorption; the average particle size of the MASP/SIF miscible system increases from 1,659 to 1,881 and 1,736 nm. When the ion strength is 0.5 %, MASP rapidly reduces the SIF interfacial tension. The addition of Na+/K+ causes a slight redshift in the protein amide I band and an increase in the α-helix content with respect to the decrease in the β-turn and β-sheet corner content. Furthermore, 0.5 % content of Na+ and K+ causes small MASP particles to adsorb onto the surface of mucin, while 1.5 % content of Na+ and K+ causes MASP particles to arrange above mucin after 12 h. These findings provide reference for a deeper understanding of the selection of macroelements (sodium and potassium) in the intake of polysaccharide.
Synergistic modification of hydrolyzed keratin-based rigid polyurethane foam with zinc stannate and aluminum hypophosphite to improve its thermal stability and flame retardant properties
Authors: Zhang Xu , Ding Shuai , Wang Zhaoqian , Xu Chen , Wang Zhi , Xie Hua
Published: August 2024

Zinc stannate (ZS) was prepared for flame retardant modified rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). The flame retardancy and thermal stability performance of the modified RPUFs were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimeter (CONE), smoke density (Ds) test and thermogravimetric (TG) differential thermal analyzer. The LOI of RPUF5-7.5 AL/7.5 ZS with 5 wt% hydrolyzed keratin (HK), 7.5 wt% aluminum hypophosphate (AL) and 7.5 wt% ZS increased from 26.1 % to 27.2 %. At 50 kW/m2 radiant intensity, RPUF5-7.5 AL/7.5 ZS had the lowest peak heat release rate (PHRR) and heat release rate (THR), which were 108.17 kW/m2 and 2.56 MJ/m2, respectively. In addition, RPUF5-7.5 AL/7.5 ZS had the highest initial decomposition temperature of 191.24 °C and the largest activation energy (E) of 148.16 kJ/mol. Under flameless condition, the maximum Ds of RPUF5-7.5 AL/7.5 ZS was 31.25, and its light transmittance was also the highest, i.e., 57.89 %. Therefore, ZS/AL was selected as a synergistic flame retardant system to modify the RPUF, and promotes the development of high-performance building materials.
Characterization of the precision of PPP solutions as a function of latitude and session length
Authors: Kurtz Benjamin M. , Gómez Demián D. , Bevis Michael G.
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the impact of observation session duration and station latitude on the precision of Precise Point Positioning (PPP). Global Positioning System-only Receiver Independent Exchange files from 516 continuous stations spanning latitudes from 90°N to 90°S across the Americas (30°–130°W) were binned into sessions of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 h and processed using the GPSPACE PPP software. These sub-daily solutions, along with the original 24 h ones, were compared against a reference coordinate derived from an extended linear trajectory model for each station. Analysis of the results, considering both accuracy and precision, was conducted across the entire latitude range of the study. We found that the precision of a PPP solution approximately follows a power-law relationship with observation duration. Parameters for these power-law relationships were determined for all latitude ranges that allow users to predict a result’s uncertainty as a function of session length. Findings indicate that longer observation sessions lead to reduced positioning errors, with vertical scatter decreasing with increasing latitude. Since all these stations are characterized by good to excellent sky view, our power-law rule-of-thumb provides a lower bound on the occupation time needed to achieve target positioning precision at locations with poorer sky visibility.