bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diplomatic Essentials and Negotiating in Diplomacy
Authors: Faizullaev Alisher
Published: May 2024

Negotiation is the core of diplomacy, and the various elements and aspects of diplomatic practice closely relate to the organization and conduct of negotiations. This article discusses the impact of diplomatic essentials – diplomacy’s basic features stemming from its idea, spirit, culture, traditions, and methods – on negotiating in diplomatic settings. Diplomats need to use these essentials to negotiate effectively. Therefore, in diplomacy, to be a good negotiator, one needs to be a good diplomat. By analyzing the negotiation implications of diplomatic representation, aspiration, groundwork, timing, intercourse, code of conduct, and language, I argue that the essential features of international diplomacy can be seen as important assets of the strategic management of diplomatic negotiation. In other words, diplomatic actors can have a significant impact on negotiation effectiveness by using and managing these seven diplomatic essentials.
Diversity and conservation of native Argentine species of Gratioleae (Plantaginaceae)
Authors: SOSA MARIA M. , ANGULO MARIA B. , AMARILLA VALERIA , LANDI MAURICIO , FLORENTÍN JAVIER E.
Published: May 2024

The tribe Gratioleae is the richest in species of the family Plantaginaceae, with 30 genera and more than 300 species growing mainly in South America, which could be considered a center of diversity. Argentina is one of the countries with the largest number of species (35 belonging to 6 genera) of the tribe. Although the Argentinean Flora and a checklist have been published, both are outdated. With this background, we presented an updated summary of the diversity of species belonging to the tribe Gratioleae in Argentina, with detailed analysis of their geographic distribution, their conservation status according to the categories established by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), as well as an exhaustive study on the distribution of their richness and threat patterns in different ecoregions of the country. In addition, an evaluation of the proportion of threatened species in relation to Argentina’s Protected Areas (PAs) was evaluated. The results showed that species of Gratioleae were present in 14 ecoregions, distributed predominantly in the Humid and Dry Chaco, and the Alto Paraná Atlantic Forest. Eighteen species of the 37 Argentine taxa, including two endemic taxa, are categorized as threatened (VU, EN, or CR) (47%). Although some of these species are partially protected due to their distribution in PAs, others lack this protection. Our findings contribute to the knowledge of the geographic distribution of Gratioleae within the Argentine flora, and its conservation status.
Hesperis sivasica (Brassicaceae), A new crucifer species from inner Anatolia
Authors: ÖZÜDOĞRU BARIŞ , ALTINÖZLÜ H. , ÖZGİŞİ KURTULUŞ
Published: May 2024

Hesperis sivasica, from the Kangal district of Sivas Province in inner Anatolia (Türkiye), is described as a new species based on morphological and molecular evidence. Although it is not morphologically closely related to the known species of Hesperis, it resembles H. kotschyi in trichome types but differs from it in pedicel, flowers, and fruit characteristics. In molecular phylogenetic analyses based on the Nuclear-encoded ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, H. sivasica belongs to the same clade as H. bottae and H. thyrsoidea, but it is easily distinguishable from both species based on life form, trichome types, flowers, and fruit characters. Diagnostic morphological characters, full description, SEM microphotographs, and detailed field photographs are provided. Remarks on the new species' habitat, ecology, phenology, distribution, and conservation status are also given.
Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts: An Ecofriendly Green Approach
Authors: Malik Sumit , Saharan Yajvinder , Singh Joginder
Published: May 2024

Nanotechnology has gained significant attention due to its diverse applications in various fields, including medicine, electronics, and environmental science. The synthesis of nanoparticles, particularly gold nanoparticles, has been a subject of intensive research, primarily focusing
on improving the synthetic methods in terms of cost-effectiveness and environmental impact. The green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a sustainable alternative to conventional chemical methods, which often involve hazardous chemicals and high energy consumption. In this context,
plant extracts offer a unique opportunity as bio-reducing agents due to their abundance, low cost, and minimal environmental footprint. The use of plant extracts in nanoparticle synthesis not only addresses sustainability concerns but also opens doors to the development of biocompatible nanoparticles
for various applications. This review article investigates about the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using a variety of plant extracts and evaluates their physicochemical properties, such as size, shape, stability, and surface charge. The study also explores the potential applications
of these biogenic gold nanoparticles in fields like catalysis, drug delivery, and sensing. Moreover, the eco-friendliness of the process is assessed by analysing its environmental impact and comparing it with traditional chemical synthesis methods.
The natural dividend: An introduction to resource rents
Authors: Moses Jonathon W , Brigham Anne M
Published: May 2024

This article introduces the concept of a Natural Dividend and describes the three types of rent that combine to produce it: a differential rent, a regulatory rent, and a locational rent. Each of these rents is associated with a classical economist (Ricardo, Marx and George, respectively), and each is shown to be a product of nature, society and/or the political authorities that manage nature on our behalf. Because the Natural Dividend is a windfall derived from our regulation of commonly held (and immobile) natural resources, it can be taxed at a higher level without distorting any underlying investment decisions.
Determining the future role of clinical practice guidelines: The experience of Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Kisely S , Herrman H , Chamoli S , Hemachandra D , Lawn S , Bajurny L , Wright N , Mellsop G
Published: May 2024

There has been recent discussion in Australia and New Zealand concerning the utility of Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) and the role of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) in their development. The College Board therefore established a Steering Group (SG) to oversee an exploration of options and produce recommendations about contemporary approaches to the development of high-quality evidence-based clinical practice guidance for psychiatry. This paper outlines the SG’s conclusions and recommendations, as well as the underlying methods and reasoning. In particular, we discuss best practice and recent developments in the synthesis of research evidence. Account has been taken of the opportunities offered by digital technologies, the proliferation of clinical evidence and awareness of the gains to be made by increased inclusion of lived-experience perspectives. It is recommended that the broader concept of best practice resources (BPRs) as now emphasised in so many fields of service is the most appropriate starting point for the College’s role in this area especially as the expertise of the College and its fellows lends itself to the development of a range of BPRs. In conclusion, contemporary guidance needs to be tailored to the requirements of the practitioners seeking it, to articulate the real-world needs and experiences of patients, and to be delivered in a contemporary format that is responsive to rapidly emerging evidence. The experience in Australia and New Zealand may have implications elsewhere for the development of CPGs and BPRs more broadly.
Tracking controller design for quadrotor UAVs under external disturbances using a high-order sliding mode-assisted disturbance observer
Authors: Sun Zheng , Xiao Min , Li Di , Chu Jia
Published: May 2024

Quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) operating in agricultural fields for aerial photography are susceptible to external disturbances. The disturbances result in trajectory deviation and irregular image overlapping that considerably degrade image quality. Disturbance observers (DOs) are commonly researched for counteracting these effects but may have delays and limitations in handling diverse and high-frequency disturbances. To this end, this work proposes a continuous high-order sliding mode-assisted DO (HSMDO) with limited time convergence characteristics for the estimation of disturbances in systems. The observer consists of a classical nonlinear DO (NDO) and a sliding mode-assisted system (SMAS). The NDO is used to estimate disturbances preliminarily. The SMAS is utilised to assist the NDO in estimating the high-frequency component of disturbances and ensure that the entire DO is finite-time convergent. Finally, the tracking controller is designed on the basis of the HSMDO, which enables UAVs to track the prescribed trajectories under disturbances stably. Simulation results show that the proposed HSMDO can accurately estimate various types of disturbances. Moreover, the tracking controller based on the HSMDO can improve the antidisturbance performance of systems and ensure the trajectory tracking accuracy of UAVs.
Social Profit Orientation: Lessons from Organizations Committed to Building a Better World
Authors: Berry Leonard L. , Danaher Tracey S. , Keiningham Timothy , Aksoy Lerzan , Andreassen Tor W.
Published: May 2024

Services marketing originated as a discipline to guide managers in marketing intangible products; in today's world, it must also guide managers in serving society. This research develops the concept of a social profit orientation, whereby organizations invest resources for the express purpose of enhancing the common good, especially the well-being of people and the health of the planet. Implementing social initiatives that serve this broader mission is no small challenge, but exemplary organizations are nevertheless charting a practical course. The authors conducted 62 in-depth executive interviews across 21 organizations in multiple countries, spanning both for-profit and nonprofit sectors, yielding valuable insights into how they create social profit for individuals, communities, and society at large through their initiatives. This research, grounded in published theory and directed toward practical implementation, defines the parameters of a social profit orientation and introduces an innovative framework that distills its antecedents, moderators, and outcomes. The experiences shared by the sample of forward-looking, future-oriented organizations can inform and inspire other companies, organizations, and institutions as they operate in environments where far more is expected of them than ever before.
A pilot study of performance enhancement coaching for newly appointed urology registrars
Authors: Cooper Lilli , Wadhwa Karan , Rochester Mark , Biyani Chandra Shekhar , Doherty Ruth
Published: May 2024

Objectives

To assess the feasibility of performance enhancement coaching (PEC) for newly appointed Urology registrars (ST3s), specifically: whether the concept appealed, and which areas beyond technical skills acquisition were felt to be most relevant or useful.

Subjects and methods

All delegates on the Urology Bootcamp 2023 were invited to take part in an online survey before and after a 2-hour PEC workshop, collecting: basic demographic data, performance challenges, and the important aspects to include in, and consider with, a coaching programme. The workshop was delivered by a surgeon with a professional coaching qualification, to groups of four delegates at a time over 4 days. Ten pre-defined areas were offered during the session.

Results

On a scale of 1 (poor) to 10 (excellent), the 62 participants’ overall health was reported as a median of 8/10 (physical) and 7/10 (mental). Anxiety during performance was the most common concern (63%) and was accompanied by a tremor in 55%. The next most popular concerns, with 19% of responses each, were: sleep, insufficient operative skill or expertise, and worry about relationships with trainers. The commonest topics discussed were ‘the inner critic’ (100%), ‘autonomic modulation’ (69%), ‘not working, well’ (13%) and ‘optimising study’ (6%). Seventy-seven per cent were unaware of PEC for practising surgeons. All respondents felt that they would benefit from PEC to some extent (80% ≥8/10 where 10/10 was ‘very useful’), ideally at the ST3 level. Sixty-two percent of respondents said there should be a fee for trainees, whereas 38% thought it should be free and paid for by their training authorities.

Conclusion

The concept of PEC is acceptable to ST3 Urology trainees, with particular interest in techniques to mitigate negative self-talk and autonomic modulation techniques. Existing barriers to coaching for the surgical community would need to be addressed in designing an acceptable coaching programme.
Paradoxes of Authenticity in Liminal Consumption: The Case of Casablanca’s Rick’s Café
Authors: Mamédio Diórgenes Falcão , Cunha Miguel Pina e , Rego Arménio , Clegg Stewart
Published: May 2024

What makes a “ fake” seemingly “ authentic”? The case of Rick’s Café, known worldwide for the movie Casablanca, situates that question. Rick’s was a set constructed on a Hollywood sound stage. Another Rick’s was created materially in Casablanca decades later. Consumers are aware of this liminal condition. It is the reflexivity inherent in this awareness of performative inauthenticity that makes the case both appropriate and nuanced as an opportunity to explore paradoxes of authenticity embodied in a tourist place. The authenticity-fakery relationship is considered theoretically, not as a dualism ( either-or), but as a duality ( both-and). Empirically, the case is analyzed through an onsite investigation and a virtual ethnography. Four paradoxical dimensions of authenticity (liminal environment, liminal interpretation, liminal affectivity, and liminal recreation) are identified. Tourists, we submit, may experience several authenticities (i.e., objective, constructed, and existential) simultaneously and paradoxically, contributing to a reconceptualization of the tourist experience.
Evaluation of high-frequency ultrasonography for diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Dixit Ayush , Pande Sonjjay , Khandelwal Namrata , Agarwal Pawan , Sharma Dhananjaya , Dhakar Jag Mohan Singh
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. The cross-sectional area of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel for a positive diagnosis had a sensitivity of ∼ 98.6% but a specificity of 60%. The measure of the difference in cross-sectional area of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel and at the level of pronator quadratus had much better sensitivity and specificity of 97.1% and 80%, respectively. Signs of nerve flattening, palmar bowing and increased nerve vascularity were valuable in confirming the diagnosis. A positive predictive value of ultrasonography was found to be > 95% and a negative predictive value was ∼ 66% for a diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Ultrasonography is, therefore, an effective diagnostic tool in this regard.
Reflecting on cultural labour in the time of AI
Authors: Lee Hye-Kyung
Published: May 2024

With generative AI disrupting human monopoly of creativity, there is an urgent need to freshly rearticulate cultural labour as a marker of human creativity. I suggest we critically revisit the existing perspectives of cultural labour in cultural policy discussion (unproductive, creative and precarious labour) to reflect on their limitations and implications for our understanding of AI’s challenges. Based on this, I argue that we should expand the discussion of precarious labour to elaborate the emerging ‘creative precarity’. In particular, I will explore its key dimensions – the increasing uncertainty in terms of cultural workers’ creative roles, rights and identity, and audience responses – and their policy implications. At the core of potential policy response to and our research into creative precarity, there are fundamental questions of how we redefine cultural work in the time of AI, what new meanings we can attach to cultural labour, what constitutes the human-ness in human creativity and why it crucially matters.
Early audiovisual language discrimination: Monolingual and bilingual infants’ differences in language switch detection
Authors: Birulés Joan , Pons Ferran , Bosch Laura
Published: May 2024

Successful language learning in bilinguals requires the differentiation of two language systems. The capacity to discriminate rhythmically close languages has been reported in 4-month-olds using auditory-only stimuli. This research offers a novel perspective on early language discrimination using audiovisual material. Monolingual and bilingual infants were first habituated to a face talking in the participants’ native language (or the more frequent language in bilingual contexts) and then tested on two successive language switches by the same speaker, with a close and a distant language. Code-switching exposure was indexed from parental questionnaires. Results revealed that while monolinguals could detect both the close- and distant-language switch, bilinguals only reacted to the distant language, regardless of home code-switching experience. In the temporal dimension, the analyses showed that language switch detection required at least 10 s, suggesting that the audiovisual presentation (here the same speaker switching languages) slowed down or even hindered the language switch detection. These results suggest that the detection of a multimodal close-language switch is a challenging task, especially for bilingual infants exposed to phonologically and rhythmically close languages. The current research sets the ground for further studies exploring the role of indexical cues and selective attention processes on language switch detection.
Minimally invasive left axillary thoracotomy for the total repair of fallot, dextrocardia, situs inversus and anomalous coronary artery origins
Authors: Tien Do Anh , Bao Luong Tuan , Phuong Do Hong , Nhu Huyen Luong Thi , Thuy Nguyen Tran
Published: May 2024

We present a rare case of tetralogy of Fallot accompanied with dextrocardia, situs inversus and anomalous origin of the right coronary artery. Total repair was accomplished successfully using a minimally invasive left axillary thoracotomy.
Surface modification of biomedical titanium alloy for hard tissue repair and reconstruction
Authors: Dong Zhihong , Huang Zhiqiang , Tang Lu , Lan Hai
Published: May 2024

In biomedical applications, various materials are used, including metals and their alloys, polymers and ceramics. Among them, titanium (Ti) and titanium alloys are widely utilised in implant materials due to their excellent corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength. However, despite these advantages, titanium is biologically inert and does not integrate well with human cells. Therefore, surface modification of titanium implants plays a crucial role in determining the rate of osseointegration and the overall success of the implants. The primary objective of this review is to provide a detailed introduction to surface modification technologies for titanium alloy implants. The aim is to enhance the biological activity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and antibacterial properties and reduce the release of ions from the implants. By modifying the surface of titanium implants, it is possible to create a more favourable environment for cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Various techniques, such as physical methods (e.g. sandblasting, acid etching) and chemical methods (e.g. surface oxidation, plasma treatment) can be employed to modify the surface properties of titanium implants. These surface modification techniques can enhance the interaction between the implant and the surrounding biological environment, promoting osseointegration and improving the long-term stability of the implant. Additionally, surface modifications can help reduce the release of potentially harmful ions from the implant, minimise bacterial adhesion and improve the overall biocompatibility of the implant. In conclusion, surface modification of titanium alloy implants is a critical aspect of biomedical engineering. By improving the biocompatibility of titanium implants, these modifications contribute to the success and longevity of implants used in hard tissue repair and reconstruction.
Distinguishing between aldosterone-producing adenomas and non-functional adrenocortical adenomas using the YOLOv5 network
Authors: Piao Zeyu , Meng Mingzhu , Yang Huijie , Xue Tongqing , Jia Zhongzhi , Liu Wei
Published: May 2024

Background

You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5), a one-stage deep-learning (DL) algorithm for object detection and classification, offers high speed and accuracy for identifying targets.

Purpose

To investigate the feasibility of using the YOLOv5 algorithm to non-invasively distinguish between aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs) and non-functional adrenocortical adenomas (NF-ACAs) on computed tomography (CT) images.

Material and Methods

A total of 235 patients who were diagnosed with ACAs between January 2011 and July 2022 were included in this study. Of the 215 patients, 81 (37.7%) had APAs and 134 (62.3%) had NF-ACAs’ they were randomly divided into either the training set or the validation set at a ratio of 9:1. Another 20 patients, including 8 (40.0%) with APA and 12 (60.0%) with NF-ACA, were collected for the testing set. Five submodels (YOLOv5n, YOLOv5s, YOLOv5m, YOLOv5l, and YOLOv5x) of YOLOv5 were trained and evaluated on the datasets.

Results

In the testing set, the mAP_0.5 value for YOLOv5x (0.988) was higher than the values for YOLOv5n (0.969), YOLOv5s (0.965), YOLOv5m (0.974), and YOLOv5l (0.983). The mAP_0.5:0.95 value for YOLOv5x (0.711) was also higher than the values for YOLOv5n (0.587), YOLOv5s (0.674), YOLOv5m (0.671), and YOLOv5l (0.698) in the testing set. The inference speed of YOLOv5n was 2.4 ms in the testing set, which was the fastest among the five submodels.

Conclusion

The YOLOv5 algorithm can accurately and efficiently distinguish between APAs and NF-ACAs on CT images, especially YOLOv5x has the best identification performance.
Bone marrow lesions in knee osteoarthritis assessed by dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with histopathological correlations
Authors: Nielsen Flemming Kromann , Sørensen Flemming Brandt , Egund Niels , Boel Lene Warner , Holm Carsten , Jurik Anne Grethe
Published: May 2024

Background

Bone marrow lesions (BMLs) in knee osteoarthritis (OA) have been assessed histopathologically and by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI); however, a direct comparison of the results has not been reported.

Purpose

To evaluate and compare the findings by DCE-MRI and histopathology of subchondral BMLs in knee OA.

Material and Methods

In total, 19 patients with medial tibiofemoral knee OA undergoing total knee arthroplasty were analyzed. Preoperative MRI, including a DCE sequence, was performed, and bone biopsies were obtained from the resected specimens corresponding to BML areas. The contrast enhancement by DCE-MRI was analyzed using semi-quantitative (area under the curve [AUC]), peak enhancement [PE]), and quantitative (Ktrans, Kep) methods. Enhancement in the medial OA compartment was compared with similar areas in a normal lateral compartment, and the DCE characteristics of BMLs were correlated with semi-quantitatively graded histopathological features.

Results

AUC and PE were significantly higher in medial tibial and femoral BMLs compared with the values in the lateral condyles; Ktrans and Kep were only significantly higher in the tibial plateau. In the tibia, AUC and PE were significantly correlated with the grade of vascular proliferation, and PE also with the degree of marrow fibrosis. There was no significant correlation between AUC/PE and histopathological findings in the femur and no correlation between quantitative DCE parameters and histopathological findings.

Conclusion

BML characteristics by semi-quantitative DCE in the form of AUC and PE may be used as parameters for the degree of histopathological vascularization in the bone marrow whereas quantitative DCE data were less conclusive.
3D dynamic contact analysis of tyre internal deformation using 2D image sensor
Authors: Lim JongWook , Kim JongHwan , Kim Sung Jin , Song KyeJoo , Kim Seong Yun
Published: May 2024

Due to the increasing weight of electric vehicles, advanced tyre technology is urgently needed. In particular, there is a need for dynamic contact analysis to determine the energy interaction between tyres and road surfaces. However, the methods developed to date are limited in that they require either numerous contact patches inside the tyre or sensor devices on the ground. In this study, we propose a new method for dynamic tyre-ground contact analysis that overcomes these limitations. By installing a two-dimensional image sensor inside the tyre, deformations can be observed and quantified three-dimensionally during vehicle operation. This method advances tyre engineering through innovative analysis of tyre deformation during operation.
Practical Approaches to Long-Lasting Bridge Decks
Authors: Ozyildirim H. Celik , Nair Harikrishnan , Sharifi Mary
Published: May 2024

Concrete bridge decks are susceptible to deterioration, mainly in the form of cracking, spalling, and delaminations; this adversely affects the ride quality and structural integrity. Causes of deterioration are excessive loading, adverse environmental conditions, chemical reactions, electrochemical corrosion, poor structural design and detailing, improper construction practices, and insufficient specifications. Cracks in bridge decks provide avenues for water and solutions, mainly the chlorides, to penetrate the concrete and substantially diminish its service life. To achieve longer-lasting bridges, the quality of both the concrete and the reinforcement must be considered. The occurrence and width of cracks in bridge decks can be reduced using high-quality concrete and corrosion-resistant reinforcement. This paper details practical approaches to achieving long-lasting bridge decks through proper attention to design, selection of materials, construction practices, and specifications.
Cellulose fibres enhance the function of hemostatic composite medical sealants
Authors: Gilboa Efrat , Eshkol-Yogev Inbar , Giladi Shir , Zilberman Meital
Published: May 2024

Tissue adhesives and sealants offer promising alternatives to traditional wound closure methods, but the existing trade-off between biocompatibility and strength is still a challenge. The current study explores the potential of a gelatin-alginate-based hydrogel, cross-linked with a carbodiimide, and loaded with two functional fillers, the hemostatic agent kaolin and cellulose fibres, to improve the hydrogel’s mechanical strength and hemostatic properties for use as a sealant. The effect of the formulation parameters on the mechanical and physical properties was studied, as well as the biocompatibility and microstructure. The incorporation of the two functional fillers resulted in a dual micro-composite structure, with uniform dispersion of both fillers within the hydrogel, and excellent adhesion between the fillers and the hydrogel matrix. This enabled to strongly increase the sealing ability and the tensile strength and modulus of the hydrogel. The fibres’ contribution to the enhanced mechanical properties is more dominant than that of kaolin. A combined synergistic effect of both fillers resulted in enhanced sealing ability (247%), tensile strength (400%), and Young’s modulus (437%), compared to the unloaded hydrogel formulation. While the incorporation of kaolin almost did not affect the physical properties of the hydrogel, the incorporation of the fibres strongly increased the viscosity and decreased the gelation time and swelling degree. The cytotoxicity tests indicated that all studied formulations exhibited high cell viability. Hence, the studied new dual micro-composite hydrogels may be suitable for medical sealing applications, especially when it is needed to get a high sealing effect within a short time. The desired hemostatic effect is obtained due to kaolin incorporation without affecting the physical properties of the sealant. Understanding the effects of the formulation parameters on the hydrogel’s properties enables the fitting of optimal formulations for various medical sealing applications.
Attention-Seeking Strategies: An Investigation of Sexual Assault Organizations’ Communication Tactics on Twitter
Authors: Xue Jia , Shi Hong , Zhang Qiaoru , Fan Jingchuan , Shier Micheal
Published: May 2024

This study examines the attention-seeking strategies of sexual assault organizations on Twitter in Canada, exploring the factors influencing the level of attention received. Drawing on the foundation work of Guo and Saxon’s four-factor explanatory model, the research extends and refines the model by incorporating new factors, including Covid-related content, network size, intended audience, direct services, donations, and visual content. The study’s methodology involved sampling 124 sexual assault and rape crisis centers in Canada, collecting Twitter data ( n = 320,836 Tweets up to April 2023), and employing ordinary least squares and fixed effect regression analysis. Results showed significant relationships between these factors and attention received, providing insights for both theoretical understanding and practical guidance.
Feasibility of integrated numerical and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System models in predicting the thermophysical properties of unsteady coupled micropolar–Casson hybrid nanofluids
Authors: Divya Abbai Reddy , Jithendra Thandra , Hemalatha Esambattu
Published: May 2024

This article aims to probe postulated phenomena using a paired micropolar and Casson hybrid fluid over a rotating disk. The intension to design a numerical technique (Runge–Kutta fourth-order along with shooting technique) integrated Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) envisioned with a thermal and exponentially space-dependent heat source, nonlinear thermal radiation and entropy production is developed in this phase of work. To ensure that, a nonlinear partial differential equation set of equations has been transformed into an ordinary differential equation by using the proper self-similarity variables. The model's research results, with a few notable outliers, are mostly consistent with those from prior research that was merged into the dataset used to train the ANFIS model. With the impact of active factors, the results are esthetically exhibited for numerous profiles. This displays that with the rise in magnetic field and radiation, the velocity and temperature profiles increase sharply, resulting in a contradiction phenomenon with the decreasing electric field inputs. Also, tilting of vortex viscosity, spin gradient viscosity and microinertia density on the various microrotation components displays inclination. Moreover, ANFIS training was exploited to analyze the approximate solutions for specific scenarios, and the developed ANFIS was evaluated against a testing dataset to emphasize its performance. Due to their longer render, the nanoparticles exploited here are deemed suitable for use in bone implants, iodinated agents for blood imaging and red blood cell stimulation. Thus, the results of this study may be applied to therapeutic anemia therapies.
The Soul of Teaching: Insights From 50 Years of Experience in Management Education
Authors: Kenworthy Amy L. , Beatty Joy E. , Gallos Joan V.
Published: May 2024

This interview with Dr. Joan V. Gallos, 2023 recipient of the David L. Bradford Outstanding Educator Award from the Management and Organizational Behavior Teaching Society (MOBTS), explores the four components of what Gallos considers the “soul of teaching”—insights she wished she had understood when she began her teaching career more than 50 years ago. Her four insights advise educators to: (1) work with what they’ve got—and own it!, (2) fail in the right way (think progress, not perfection), (3) dive into the magic at the heart of teaching and learning, and (4) relax and take your time: becoming the best educator you can be is a journey of never arriving. The interview is presented to encourage others to both find the soul of their teaching and guide their individual and collective discovery of the connection, authenticity, and magic at the heart of all teaching and learning.
Fumarate Hydratase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma with Nucleolar Pattern of GATA3 Immunoexpression: Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Chaudhry Sidhartha , Kravtsov Oleksandr
Published: May 2024

Fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-deficient RCC) is a rare aggressive type of renal cell carcinoma. The significant morphologic overlap with other types of renal neoplasia and the limited availability of FH and 2-succinylcholine immunostains for diagnostic use outside large referral centers have created numerous diagnostic pitfalls. As FH-deficient RCC can be associated with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome, the importance of an accurate diagnosis goes beyond the prognosis and treatment of an individual patient. We present 2 patients with FH-deficient RCC showing a peculiar pattern of GATA3 immunoexpression restricted to tumor nucleoli. If confirmed in further larger studies, this could provide an additional diagnostic clue for considering the FH-deficient RCC diagnosis, and given the frequent papillary morphology and possible hilar location can lead to the misdiagnosis as high-grade urothelial carcinoma, and is an important diagnostic pitfall to be aware of.
Pembrolizumab-induced type 1 diabetes
Authors: Maia Ariana , Soares Daniela M. , Azevedo Sofia , Pereira Teresa , Amaral Cláudia
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Immunotherapy has a crucial role in the current treatment of multiple malignancies. Albeit described as rare, new onset autoimmune diabetes is a potentially life-threatening complication of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab, and its predisposing factors and pathological mechanism are yet to be clarified.

Case Report

We present a case of a 72-year-old man with a high-grade bladder carcinoma undergoing pembrolizumab treatment. He had no personal or family history of diabetes mellitus but was diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism four months after starting pembrolizumab. Two years after starting pembrolizumab, he presented in the emergency department due to abdominal pain, anorexia, polydipsia, polyuria and vomiting over the preceding five days and he met criteria for severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Three days prior to his admission, he had received prednisolone therapy for suspected hypersensitivity related to a contrast-enhanced imaging that he performed.

Management & Outcome

Prompt treatment for DKA was started, with transition to insulin basal-bolus therapy after DKA resolution, with progressive glycaemic stabilization. Further investigation revealed low C-peptide levels (0.07 ng/dL, with a fasting blood glucose of 288 mg/dL), HbA1c 9.2% and positive anti-IA2 antibodies, which allowed the diagnosis of new-onset autoimmune diabetes. Pembrolizumab was transiently suspended, and the patient resumed treatment after glycaemic profile optimization under multiple daily insulin administrations two months later.

Discussion

This case highlights the importance of clinical suspicion and glycaemic monitoring as an integral part of treatment protocols in patients on pembrolizumab and other immune checkpoint inhibitors. Additional research and investigation into the underlying mechanisms of this condition are necessary to identify potential screening tests for individuals at higher risk of developing DM and to guide the implementation of management and preventive strategies for ketoacidosis complication.
Predicting Hospitalization Risk Among Home Care Residents in the United Kingdom: Development and Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Predictive Model
Authors: Windle Nathan , Alam Azeem , Patel Horus , Street Jonathan M. , Lathwood Megan , Farrington Tessa , Maruthappu Mahiben
Published: May 2024

Preventable hospital admissions in elderly home care residents are a major socioeconomic burden, whilst early detection of deterioration may improve outcomes. Our goal was to develop and validate a machine learning-based algorithm to predict hospitalization risk among home care users. Our primary outcome was hospitalization. An existing risk score (1-5) was assessed for its discriminatory capacity over time. We subsequently developed a new machine learning model using carer concerns, service user demographics, and other home care data between January and July 2021. We randomly selected 150 service user records for validation, which were evaluated by both the model and 10 clinicians (9 doctors and 1 nurse) to compare prediction time and accuracy to human experts. Comparison between model and human was via area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). A score of 5 conferred an 8x higher likelihood of hospitalization in the subsequent 7 days (15.4% vs 1.8%, p < .05), compared to a score of 1. The new model and risk score increased performance, detecting 182 hospitalizations/month (3.7x chance). The AUC for the model was significantly higher than for clinicians (0.87 vs 0.41-0.57, respectively; p < .05). The model took <1 minute, while clinicians typically took over 40 minutes. A risk prediction model using carer concerns and other home care data features detects 3.7x more hospitalizations than chance. The model is faster and more accurate than human clinicians, enabling low-cost scale-up. This study supports linking the model to a triage and intervention service to reduce preventable hospitalizations in the home care sector.
Explaining sender–receiver gaps in signalling: Australia’s ‘Pacific Step-up’ and Solomon Islands’ multi-alignment
Authors: Köllner Patrick
Published: May 2024

Amid growing strategic competition, regional powers have intensified their engagement with Pacific Island Countries. This article examines Australia’s ‘Pacific Step-up’, a signature foreign policy initiative of the Scott Morrison government (2018–2022), from a signalling perspective. Through the Step-up, Australia sought to affirm its resolve to be partner of choice for Pacific Island Countries. This was not cheap talk but led Canberra to invest substantially in its ties with the region. Despite this and significant prior Australian engagement leading to a bilateral security pact, Solomon Islands’ government signed an additional security agreement with China in 2022. How can we explain this sender–receiver gap? I argue that close attention to the agency of domestic actors on the receiver side and the context in which such agency occurs – in this case, an extended history of insecurity in the Pacific country – provides us with analytical leverage when examining concrete instances of signalling.
Re-Interpreting Basic Values Underlying Social Security Law In Times of Climate Change and Ecological Crisis
Authors: Eleveld Anja
Published: May 2024

Shaping solidarity, guaranteeing basic subsistence, maintaining income and employment activation can be seen as basic values underlying social security law in many European welfare states. This article argues that the meaning of these values or concepts is determined by legitimating discourses within which they are interpreted. While so far Rawls's theory of justice and related egalitarian liberal philosophies have had a great impact on these discourses, the ecological crisis has given rise to new discourses which are inspired by neo-republican theory and green republicanism. Instead of legitimising a capitalist economy based on economic growth, these discourses promote a post-productive society that seeks to realise human flourishing and meaningful lives. The aim of this article is to contribute to the emerging debate on social security reform by explaining how neo-republican theory and green republicanism can fill social security law's basic values or concepts with meaning that is more in line with current ecological concerns. In contrast to previous contributions that have sought to rethink labour and social security law (‘social law’) in a way that is more compatible with our ecological and climate crisis, this article builds on Poststructuralist Discourse Theory to develop its argument.
Curators of digital futures: The life cycle of pioneer communities
Authors: Hepp Andreas
Published: May 2024

Research typically considers corporate actors such as large tech companies or government agencies as drivers of deep mediatization, the increasing saturation of society by digital media and their infrastructures. This article aims to focus on another group of collective actors: pioneer communities, exemplified by the Maker, Hacks/Hackers, and Quantified Self movements. They are characterized by their experimental practices and their visions of media-related, digital futures. On the basis of published research, the article discusses their life cycle, starting with their formation, when they emerged from the context of social movements and technology-related communities, through their peak phase, during which they receive media attention, to their dispersion phase, a stage in their development characterized by their “becoming everyday” as their experimentation is absorbed into everyday practices. It is argued that the role pioneer communities play in processes of deep mediatization rests in their ability to curate experimentation and visions of digital futures.
Obtaining the effective number of reinforcements progressively inserted and optimized to reduce the strain energy of cantilever plates with a different relationship between height and length
Authors: Vieira Eduardo R , de Leon Daniel M , Marczak Rogério José
Published: May 2024

To achieve more efficient structures, research into material properties is important in mechanical designs. The anisotropy of fiber composites is increasingly being exploited. This is particularly true for curved and continuous composites. The position and orientation of the filaments have a major influence on mechanical properties. So, the application of these fibers at specific paths is very important to obtain excellent structures. When developing components for high-performance applications, it is necessary to use optimization methods to find the best reinforcement paths. To achieve high efficiency, it is necessary to reduce the volume of the reinforcements to improve the strength-to-weight ratio. This reduction not only directly reduces the mass, but also decreases manufacturing costs. The present work aims to gradually add reinforcements to carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs). It observes the exact number of fibers required to achieve the greatest possible reduction in strain energy. The results prove that the use of more reinforcements than ideal is unnecessary because it increases the volume of reinforcements but doesn’t improve the properties. Optimization is achieved by parameterizing B-splines using sequential linear programming (SLP). Four cases analyzed concern a cantilevered plate. A force is applied to the free edge, causing bending. The boundary conditions are identical, and only the length of the plate changes. The strain is plotted to observe the strain distribution. Then, the results show that adding three to four reinforcements can reduce the strain energy by 92.6% to 98.0% compared to a structure without reinforcements.
Polyamide 6/carbon fibre composite: An investigation of carbon fibre modifying pathways for improving mechanical properties
Authors: Dinh Dung The , Ninh Ha Duc , Nguyen Hung Tran , Nguyen Dat Huu , Nguyen Giang Vu , Nguyen Tung Huy , Pham Kien Trung , La Duong Duc
Published: May 2024

Carbon fibre-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6) composites exhibit exceptional mechanical properties, making them a highly attractive material option for various industries. Their ability to combine the advantages of carbon fibres with the versatility of PA6 provides opportunities for lightweight, high-performance applications. This work presented the fabrication of a PA6/carbon fibre composition with carbon fibre was modified by two different chemicals: nitric acid and diglycidil ether bisphenol A (DGEBA). The tensile strength at break, flexural strength, Rockwell hardness and Izod impact were measured to compare the mechanical properties of composites based on the PA6 matrix with two different modified carbon fibres. The morphology of PA6-based composite with different modified carbon fibres was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that PA6 is more compatible with acid-modified carbon fibre than DGEBA-modified carbon fibre and unmodified carbon fibre. In comparison to composite materials containing unmodified carbon fibre and DGEBA-modified carbon fibre, composite containing acid-modified carbon fibre increase tensile strength (16–38% and 7–15%, respectively), flexural strength (18–66% and 51–70%, respectively), Izod impact (23–65% and 32–78%, respectively) and Rockwell hardness (50–400% and equivalence, respectively).
Educational Data Mining in Higher Education: Building a Predictive Model for Retaining University Graduates as Master's Students
Authors: Simeunović Vlado , Milić Sanja , Obradović-Ratković Snežana
Published: May 2024

The goal of this study was to create a model for predicting the factors that influence graduates’ decisions to continue their studies at the master's level within the same institution. The research was conducted on the entire population of students ( N  =  663) who started their studies at the Faculty of Education, University of East Sarajevo between 2008 and 2018 and completed their studies by 2021. Part of the data was collected from the faculty information systems and part through questionnaires. The results showed the artificial neural network had the highest classification accuracy while variables, the personal factors, the faculty offers quality, applicable and useful study programs, time to degree and place of residence have the best predictive value. This model can enable other institutions of higher education to create an inclusive environment that enhances student wellbeing, improves educational results, and increases institutional efficiency.
“Regression/Progression: Two Cases of COVID Television”
Authors: Joyrich Lynne
Published: May 2024

Televisual dynamics have, in some ways, mirrored and modeled pandemic dynamics, with both involving moves between public and private, inside and outside. Yet the ensuing crossings, confusions, and reactions may yield quite distinct results, as demonstrated by two cases of U.S. television that engaged COVID-19: the Fox News program Tucker Carlson Tonight (which makes claims to the “real” yet produced paranoid fantasies around the pandemic and the “others” with whom it was associated) and the Showtime comedy-drama Work in Progress (scripted yet based on the “true life” of co-creator/star Abby McEnany, which revealed how thinking about COVID cannot be separated from thinking about gender, sexuality, race, ability, and media fact and fantasy themselves). As both programs enact and respond to television’s and the pandemic’s challenging of boundaries (public/private, inside/outside, self/other, fact/fantasy) but do so in very different ways, they highlight limitations and possibilities of media logics in this pandemic age.