bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current Knowledge, Challenges, and Facilitating Factors from the National Survey on Sustainability in the Building and Construction (B&C) Sector
Authors: Srivastava Shivam , Hazaree Chetan , Iyer-Raniga Usha , Misra Sudhir
Published: February 2024

In order to achieve the social, economic, and environmental sustainability goals outlined in the UN- SDGs, the building and construction (B&C) sector's role is not only crucial, but also vital. To promote and carry out such goals, a number of initiatives are being started at the national and international levels. Studies show that especially in developing countries like India, construction processes are highly resource and pollution intensive. B&C sector transformation and alignment with national and global sustainability frameworks and objectives are therefore essential. In this regard, first part of the study identifies themes for promoting sustainability in the B&C sector followed by conducting a national survey to gather current knowledge, challenges, and facilitating factors. Survey results are organised under three heads namely, ‘General Awareness about Sustainability’, ‘Perspective on implementing Sustainability’, and ‘Organisation’s sustainability culture’. Results from the survey indicate that the sector has low to moderate awareness of the concept and for sustainability to become mainstream, rules, norms, codes, and contract provisions must be altered. It is also highlighted that about 80% of the organisations have sustainability objectives, with water, life-cycle costing, and renewable energy projects serving as their primary areas of concentration. Although stakeholders favor the adoption of sustainable materials, methods, and technology, this study reveals that a compelling business case is still required.
Service-life and Sustainability of Concrete Structure in Tropical Condition
Authors: Bhattacharjee Bishwajit
Published: February 2024

Concept of service-life is elaborated at the outset in the realm of life of structure, which includes terminologies such as, intended design life and physical life etc. Implication of service life and consequent repair frequency on life cycle performance of structure is highlighted. Annual bio- capacity (BC) of the earth although has been increasing, but at a much slower rate than annual global ecological foot print (EFP) of human consumption. As a result human being, as a species, has been consuming the reserved resources available in the mother earth at a faster rate. Hence at current consumption rate human needs more than one earth annually to sustain itself, thus throwing serious challenges to future generations on their sustenance. Contribution of concrete in structure to EFP during its life includes the land, i.e., crop land the structure occupies, forest land used up for mining the raw material and fossil fuel for energy and the land attributed to carbon foot print etc. The structure would contribute to EFP of construction year(s) and later, on recurring basis during repair whenever undertaken. Service-life implies repair age, hence contributes to recurring EPF, thus to sustainability. Satisfactory functional performance throughout intended design life of structure without repair or with less frequent repair may need higher effort during construction but shall lessen the overall life cycle EFP. The importance of life cycle analysis in this context is highlighted. Taking the issue forward, in the tropical climatic condition of Indian subcontinent with marine environment of long coastline and varying rainfall induced wetting and drying, an approach to service life estimation is presented for sustainability at the and conclusions are summarised.
Flexural Behavior of Perforated Steel Beams with Multiple Web-Corrugations and Openings
Authors: Ahmad Sofi Fayaz , Sultan Salman , Kumar Showket A.
Published: February 2024

Web perforations in corrugated web beams {CWBs) are essential in buildings for easy installation of services, etc. However, web openings lead to frequent instability and new failure modes compared to solid flat-web beams. A detailed nonlinear finite element analysis was performed on CWBs to examine their behavior under three-point loading for rectangular and triangular corrugated web profiles having hexagonal and octagonal openings. The numerical models were first verified against five documented flexural tests. Then a parametric study was performed on 16 CWB profiles having variations in dimensions, shapes of web openings and corrugation profiles. The results showed that a rectangular CWB with hexagonal openings was most efficient, having a maximum of about 24% reduced web thickness for a load-carrying capacity similar to that of tested flat-web specimens.
Studies on the microstructure of carbon dioxide sequestered cement paste
Authors: Chechani Pranjal V. , Ramaswamy A.
Published: February 2024

The article presents the salient findings of research to investigate the effect of varying water-to- cement ratios on CO2 sequestration in cement paste. Paste prepared using Ordinary Portland cement and tap water has been carbonated using crushed dry ice added at 4% by weight of cement in the first method of carbonation and bubbling CO2 gas directly into the mixing vessel as the second method. To study the influence of early-age carbonation on physical properties, setting time and compressive strength tests have been performed on 50mm cube specimens. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA}, X-ray Diffraction (XRD}, and pH measurements have all been used to examine changes in the composition of the hardened cement paste caused by the aforementioned processes. The chemical and morphological variations among non-carbonated and carbonated samples have been examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM}.
Precast PSC Segmental Girders – An overview of failures during construction based on some case studies
Authors: Shrivastava A. K.
Published: February 2024

Considering faster pace of development, consistent increase in the volume of traffic in developing country like India and limitation of land availability especially in built up or urban areas, lateral expansion in transport facilities has become more challenging. Under such circumstances vertical expansion through construction of long flyover or elevated structures is most viable solution to meet the traffic demand. However, desired quality management, skilled human resources are not keeping pace to meet the requirement of rapid expansion in the field of bridge construction. Road and Railway Bridges are complex in nature w.r.to their design and construction which required a high level of knowledge expertise and experience. Hence, some failures are taking place even during construction of bridges due to some material quality issue as well as human error. Recently failures of some under construction railway and Road Bridge in India have rocked the civil engineering profession apart from public sentiment. This paper mainly covers the issues relating to risk sharing among stakeholders for different mode of Road and Bridge Construction, Role and Responsibilities of Contractor, Engineer & Client, reasons leading to failures of some Precast PSC segmental girders and few suggestive remedial measures.
Protecting Reinforced Concrete Structures with Thermal Sprayed Zinc Anodes
Authors: Sharma R. , van Leeuwen M. C. , Prenger F.
Published: February 2024

Metallic zinc coatings protect steel from corrosion by acting first as a barrier coating and more importantly as a sacrificial anode. Zinc will provide galvanic protection to the steel. As such, concrete structures reinforced with plain or black steel showing signs of distress can be galvanically protected with external zinc anodes. Thermal sprayed metallic zinc coatings on the exposed surface of the concrete can be electrically connected to the steel reinforcement and provide corrosion protection to the steel.

Thermal sprayed zinc coatings were successfully tested as anodes in cathodic protection systems for reinforced concrete structures in the United States. Subsequent installations were made on numerous structures, including three historic reinforced concrete bridges in the state of Oregon. The 20-plus-year performance confirms that the service life of reinforced concrete structures can be significantly and economically extended by using metallic zinc anodes to protect the plain steel reinforcement from further corrosion.
Estrategias en disputa: educación superior y poblaciones indígenas en la construcción de los Estados-nación latinoamericanos
Authors: Vargas Moreno Paola Andrea
Published: February 2024

El presente artículo da cuenta de las formas como las poblaciones indígenas en América Latina han sido excluidas/incluidas en los procesos de diseño e implementación de la educación superior como campo en permanente disputa desde donde se construye el proyecto hegemónico de Estado-nación en la modernidad. Para ello, el documento sitúa las relaciones entre modernidad, educación y Estado-nación en América Latina y explica en qué consiste la crisis contemporánea de la educación superior como puntos de partida para la reflexión. Posteriormente, el documento se concentra en analizar cómo se han ido transformando los modos a través de los cuáles pueblos y comunidades indígenas han participado en la disputa por el proyecto de educación nacional, colocando especial atención en la educación superior; en este marco, se profundiza en la comprensión del mestizaje homogenizador, el multiculturalismo neoliberal y la interculturalidad en construcción como tendencias históricas y dispositivos para administrar las diferencias en clave étnico-racial/étnico-cultural, modelos que han implicado el desarrollo de proyectos educativos entre el asimilacionismo, la inclusión y la construcción dialogada como promesa de transformación.
Propuesta de plan estrategico para la agencia de carga “cargamex”.
Authors: Acua-Popocatl Raúl Gustavo , Jiménez-Bautista Selene , Ibarra-Zavala Darío
Published: February 2024

Las agencias de carga se han convertido en un actor importante en el comercio internacional de México, son un actor cuyas aportaciones iniciales al comercio eran difusas pero con el paso del tiempo han comenzado a definirse con detalle. Para poder tener éxito en el tipo de operaciones de logística que ofertan deben planear sus actividades para sobrevivir en un entorno muy cambiante y competitivo. En el presente texto se analiza el paso a paso en la elaboración de un plan estratégico para la empresa CargaMex comenzando por analizar 4 enfoques teóricos, desarrollar una metodología compuesta por 7 pasos, elaborar los objetivos, y las acciones para el plan y el planteamiento de 4 escenarios futuros hacia donde se dirigen el negocio y el sector al que pertenece.
Reportes financieros integrados, un enfoque de pensamiento holístico: propuesta teórica, como mecanismo para gestión del riesgo y la incertudumbre en las organizaciones
Authors: Saldívar-del Ángel Roxana , Sauceda-Solís Fernando , Garza-de la Cruz César Adrian
Published: February 2024

El reporte integrado (IR) es una tendencia innovadora en materia de revelación de los informes de sostenibilidad, para divulgar los datos financieros y no financieros que producen las empresas, aunque estas prácticas comenzaron desde la década del 2000, estos esfuerzos se han reconocido desde el 2010 Eccles y Krzus (2014) ,Jensen y Berg, 2012; estas prácticas tienden a mostrar un escenario más completo del valor de las empresas, ya que permite gestionar sus riesgos a largo plazo, La investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los factores relevantes que justifiquen, porque los estados financieros básicos deben ser complementados, con información no financiera que identifique las externalidades sociales y ambientales a los que está expuesta la organización, dando origen a reportes financieros integrales con un pensamiento sistémico u holístico que les permita gestionar el riesgo. Se realizó una revisión documental profunda y analítica de teorías y estudios sobre el tema que aún es incipiente, como principales hallazgos se identificaron elementos que justifican la adopción de este tipo de informes y que requieren de normativas, así como de políticas públicas por parte de organismos nacionales e internacionales en materia de contabilidad, finanzas y auditoría.El trabajo se divide en 3 secciones: 1.- introducción, 2.-antecedentes de los reportes financieros integrados, estudios recientes, perspectivas, resultados y 3.-conclusiones.
Identity Markers Among Koreans in Germany and the United States: Language Loss and Food Preferences
Authors: Roberts Suin
Published: February 2024

Korean Americans and Korean Germans exhibit similarities in their upbringing and migration processes: The first generation, speaking Korean natively and solid in their identity as Koreans, attempt to raise their children with a Korean identity in a culture, where English or German is the mainstream language. Given their minority status in either country, passing on their native tongue is difficult. The second-generation struggles in their ability to speak Korean, even though they are exposed to it at home and at Korean language school. Cultural concepts that are familiar to Koreans also prove difficult to translate, such as jeong or han.But consuming and talking about Korean food appears to be the gateway for second-generation youth to their parents’ native country and culture, which they otherwise experience via mediated memories. In general, food preferences seem to mirror migrants’ identities and identity processes: While abroad, the first generation cooks Korean food to cope with feelings of homesickness and to create community and a sense of belonging in the diaspora. As a result, Korean food, much more than the Korean language, seems to be the Korean identity marker that gets passed on successfully to the next generation. The second-generation, whether in Germany or the United States, is familiar with and appreciates Korean food, while they also experiment with combining Korean food elements with American or German ones. Just like the first generation, the second-generation Koreans have also experienced their fair share of food shaming due to the odiferous nature of Korean food, but it is still part of their daily lives. In fact, the second-generation deliberately chooses to include Korean food and combinations thereof in their life, as it has become a source of pride. Creating Korean German or Korean American dishes mirrors the second-generation’s hybridity and fluidity of their perceived identities. Since the command of the Korean language significantly declines among second-generation Koreans due to assimilation forces, many cannot claim fluency in their parents’ native language. Hence, cooking, eating, and talking about Korean food seems to be the remaining marker of Koreanness, other than their physical appearance.
The Effect of Murabahah and Mudharabah Financing on Non Performing Financing (NPF) at Bank Syariah Indonesia
Authors: Qodari Amimah , Silvia Sineba Arli
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of murabahah and mudharabah financing on non-performing financing (NPF) of Bank Syariah Indonesia before and after the merger. This study examines the effect of murabahah and mudharabah financing variables on non-performing financing (NPF). The population used in this study are Islamic banks that have merged, namely BNI Syariah, BRI Syariah, and Bank Syariah Mandiri for the period 2017-2021. The sample used in this study is BSI which publishes an annual report in the 2017-2021 period. This research data is secondary data, which was obtained from the website of Bank Syariah Indonesia which became the research sample. While the data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the murabahah and mudharabah financing variables have an influence on the NPF of 5.4% with a significance level of 0.532. Partially, the murabahah financing variable has an effect and is significant on the NPF of Indonesian Islamic Banks (0.915 > 0.050) and the mudharabah financing variable has a significant effect on the NPF of Indonesian Islamic Banks (0.304 > 0.050).
Making Research Data Publicly Accessible: Estimates of Institutional & Researcher Expenses
Authors: Mohr Alicia Hofelich , Carlson Jake , Ge Lizhao , Herndon Joel , Kozlowski Wendy , Moore Jennifer , Petters Jonathan , Taylor Shawna , Vitale Cynthia Hudson
Published: February 2024

Academic institutions have made significant investments to support public access to research data requirements, yet little to no data about these services, infrastructure, and costs currently exist or are widely shared. For public access to research data to be optimized, funding agencies, institutions, and organizations must better understand the investments made by institutions and individual researchers toward meeting these requirements. This mixed-methods study was funded by the US National Science Foundation (grant #2135874). The Association of Research Libraries (ARL) and six research-intensive academic institutions—Cornell University, Duke University, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, Virginia Tech, and Washington University in St. Louis—used surveys and interviews to provide an initial examination of institutional expenses for public access to research data. Due to the breadth and heterogeneity of research data and funding, we scoped this work to three US federal funding agencies (Department of Energy, National Institutes of Health, and National Science Foundation) and five disciplinary areas (biomedical sciences, environmental science, materials science, physics, and psychology).
Organoid Culture Applications: Mini Systematic Review
Authors: Efendi Rilwan , Amar Puti Khairunnajwa , Rahayu Resti , Santoso Putra , Noli Zozy Aneloi , Maliza Rita
Published: February 2024

Recent scientific developments in the stem cell field have made it possible to create complex organoids, or structures that resemble complete organs, in vitro. In the majority of these methods, stem cells produced from stem cells or tissue progenitors are allowed to self-organize into three-dimensional (3D) structures using culture systems in three dimensions. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the use of organoid culture in the area of health. This kind of study employs the literature review methodology. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria are referenced throughout the stages of the literature review performed in this study. The four processes that make up this level are identification, screening, eligibility, and acceptance. These discoveries showing that human stem cells and patient-derived pluripotent stem cells can be used to generate organoids open up a wide range of opportunities for modeling and disease development, toxicological research and medication discovery, and the field of regenerative medicine. Here, we discuss some of the most significant recent advancements in 3D human organoid production as well as the field's historical advancements. Finally, we discuss present restrictions and provide illustrations of how organoid technology may be used in the healthcare industry.
Literature Review: The Effect of Sun Exposure on Parathyroid Hormone Activity
Authors: Puspita Rika Dea , Yuniarti Elsa
Published: February 2024

Abstract:Indonesia is one of the tropical countries with year-round sunshine. This certainly allows Indonesians to be regularly exposed to the sun during daytime activities outside the home. Exposure to the sun has a significant impact on humans. To date, research on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, particularly in humans, has been rare. The purpose of  this literature review is to provide the reader with information on the effects of sun exposure on parathyroid hormone levels. The method used to write this document is the literary criticism method. (LRA) with references taken from published or revoked (POP) databases published between 2010 and 2022. In this literature review, the keywords used include including sun, hormones, activity, vitamin D, parathyroid glands. Based on literature from a variety of research findings, it was found that sun exposure affects parathyroid hormone levels. Because vitamin D in sunlight is in the  form of 1,25(OH)2D, it works with parathyroid hormone and calcitonin to maintain normal plasma calcium levels.
The Effect of Application Various Doses of Cow Manure and NPK (16:16:16) on Soil Properties and The Growth of Red Lettuce (Lactuca sativa Var. Acephala)
Authors: Lestari Bq. Windriyani , Silawibawa I Putu , Sutriono R.
Published: February 2024

Red lettuce is one of the horticultural crops that has many benefits and can increase the economic income of farming families. Cultivation of red lettuce plants requires proper maintenance and fertilization to increase the yield of red lettuce plants. To complement nutrients, the addition of organic and NPK fertilizers is required. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of cow manure and NPK fertilizers 16:16:16 on soil properties and the growth of red lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa Var. Acephala). The method used in this research is an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experiment consisting of two factors, namely factor I is cow manure (K) and factor II is Pearl NPK fertilizer (16:16:16) (P). Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that a total of 27 experimental polybags were obtained. The treatment with cow manure 10 tons/ha has the best value of C-organic (3.55%) and porosity (56.76%). The highest weight of wet stems of red lettuce plants was obtained in the treatment of 300 kg/ha NPK fertilizer and 10 tons/ha cow manure at 35.14 grams.
Prevalence and Intensity of Ectoparasites on Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) in Teluk Pakedai District, Kubu Raya Regency
Authors: Helfiani Helfiani , Saputra Firman , Rousdy Diah Wulandari
Published: February 2024

Mud crabs (Scylla serrata Forskal, 1775) is a species of fishery commodity that can be attacked by pathogenic agents such as ectoparasites. Ectoparasites that infect mud crabs can trigger damage to the carapace and gills at a certain number of infections. This study aims to determine the prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites in mud crabs in Selat Remis Village, Teluk Pakedai District, Kubu Raya Regency. The study was conducted by taking random samples and determining the sample size based on the Lemeshow formula (95% confidence level), then to obtain prevalence and intensity it was carried out by examining the body organs (carapace, cheliped or (pereiopod I), pereiopods (walking legs), pereiopod V (swimming legs) and gills) of mud crabs (S. serrata) and identify the species of ectoparasites. Based on the results, the average prevalence of ectoparasites in mud crabs is 45,00% included in the commonly prevalence category. The prevalence value of each ectoparasites was Vorticella (17,50%), Zoothamnium (12,50%), Octolasmis cor (12,50%), Epistylis (15%), Octolasmis angulata (7,50%) and Acineta (2,50%). The highest intensity value of ectoparasites in mud crabs was O. angulata, 28 individuals per an infected mud crab.
The Effect of Kepel Fruit Extract on The Number of Spermatogenic Cells in Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Azzahra Marwa , Merta I Wayan , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati
Published: February 2024

The Kepel plant (Stelechocarpus burahol) has garnered research interest due to its diverse secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, triterpenoids, and quinones, thought to impact fertility. This research aims to determine the effect of kepel fruit extract on the number of spermatogenic cells in mice (Mus musculus), consisting of spermatogonia cells, spermatocyte cells, and spermatid cells. Employing a Posttest-Only Control Design, Kepel extraction used 95% ethanol via maceration. 25 mice were divided into groups: positive control, negative control, groups I, II, and III exposed to 50, 100, and 150 mg/kgBW Kepel extract for 36 days. Randomized group design determined sample selection, assessing seminiferous tubules via four fields of vision. Statistical analysis involved one-way ANOVA (5% significance) and LSD test for disparities. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25. ANOVA revealed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in mean spermatogonia and spermatocyte cell counts between control and treatment groups (I, II, III). However, groups I, II, and III exhibited significant spermatid cell reduction. In conclusion, Kepel fruit extract at 50 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW, and 150 mg/kgBW could lower spermatid cell count, indicating potential as an antifertility agent.
The Effect of Organic Fertilizer of Goat Urine and NPK on the Growth of Long Bean Plant (Vigna sinensis L.)
Authors: Sapril Dian Islamiaty , Raksun Ahmad , Zulkifli Lalu
Published: February 2024

One of the most popular vegetables is the long bean (Vigna sinensis L.). Due to the presence of Rhizobium bacteria nodules in its roots, long bean plants are considered soil enrichers. Liquid organic fertilizer from goat urine is highly soluble in soil and contains essential nutrients crucial for soil fertility. This study aims to ascertain the best fertilizer dose for plant development as well as the effects of goat urine organic fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, and their combination on the growth of long bean plants (Vigna sinensis L.). A completely randomized design was used to perform the study as an experiment (CRD). With the aid of SPSS for Windows 25, two-way ANOVA was used for data analysis. Post hoc analyses were performed using DMRT and were allowed if the p-value (sig) was less than 0.05 or if the computed F value was greater than the tabular F value. The combination of goat urine organic fertilizer (POC) and NPK fertilizer did not substantially alter the development of long bean plants, according to the findings of the ANOVA study on the plant height parameter. Significant variations were seen, nonetheless, for other metrics as chlorophyll content, wet and dry weights, leaf area, and number of leaves. At the 5% significance level, the impact of treatments on plant height metrics showed that either the alternative hypothesis, H1, or the null hypothesis, H0, was accepted. Thus, it can be said that there is a strong interaction between the growth of long bean plants and the combination of NPK fertilizer and goat urine organic fertilizer (POC).
Concentration Banana Peel Liquid and Dose Chicken Manure Fertilizer toward growth Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Hastanah Nurul , AM Kartina , Fatmawaty Andi Apriany , Rohmawati Imas
Published: February 2024

Lettuce is a vegetable plant originating from West Asia. Lettuce plants in Indonesia can be panted from the owlands to the highlands by considering selecting varieties. The high demind of Lettuce is not followed by an increase in production, low lettuce production is due to poor soil fertility and low levels of nutients in the soil due to excessive use of inorganic fertilizers and not paying attention to dosage. The use of organic fertilizer can increase soil fertility which is damaged by the use of inorganic fertilizer. The research was aimed to know effect of application the concentrstion of banana peel liquid based organic fertilizer and chicken manure fertilizer on the growth and yield of lettuce. The research was conducated in Sukajadi Barat Rt/Rw 001/005, Sukajadi Villager, Cibaliunh district, Pandeglang city, Banten. The method used Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) Concentration Banana peel liquid; 15%, 25%, and 35%. Dose chicken manure fertilizer; 71 g/polybag, 106 g/polybag, 141 g/polybag. The result research showed giving banana peel liquid influential real against all parameters except plant fresh weight. The giving chicken manure fertilizer influential real against all parameters except plant fresh weight. The conclusion of this research is the giving banana peel liquid at a concentration 25% gives the best results and chicken manure fertilizer at a dose 106 g/polybag gives the best results.
Enhancing Child Development through Senam Profil Pelajar Pancasila: A Case Study in Indonesian Early Childhood Education
Authors: Karwati Tati , Nurhayati Sri
Published: February 2024

This study examines the Senam Profil Pelajar Pancasila (SPPP) program, an innovative early childhood education initiative in Indonesia that integrates physical development with cultural and moral education. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach at TK Darussalam, the research involved observations and interviews with teachers, administrators, and parents. The program aims to extend beyond physical development, emphasizing cultural identity and moral values. Despite challenges such as movement complexity and diverse learning needs, SPPP has shown positive impacts on children's kinesthetic intelligence, motor skills, and socio-emotional development. This research fills a gap in empirical studies on integrated educational programs, aligning with contemporary educational paradigms that advocate for holistic development. The findings suggest that SPPP is an effective model for comprehensive early childhood education, highlighting the importance of combining physical activities with cultural and moral education. This study contributes significant insights to the field, underscoring the potential of such integrative approaches in diverse educational contexts.
A Review using continuous flow injection analysis technique in the determination of several drugs
Authors: Mezaal Elham Nghaimesh , Kawther Ahmed Sadiq  , Tamara Ahmed Abdel Karim
Published: February 2024

Continuous flow injection analysis (CFIA) is one of the simplest, easiest, and multilateral analytical automation methods in moist chemical analysis. This method depends on changing the physical and chemical properties of a part of the specimen spread out from the specimen injected into the carrier stream. The CFIA technique uses automatic analysis of samples with high efficiency. The CFIA PC compatibility also allows specimens to be treated automatically, reagents to be added, and reaction conditions to be closely monitored. The CFIA is one of the automated chemical analysis methods in which a successive specimen sample is to be estimated and injected into a vector stream from a flowing solution that meets the reagent and mixes at a specific point, the y-junction, before reaching the detector. However, CFIA does not have a separation method because the sample, carrier stream, and reagent all enter the system simultaneously and move together at a specific flow rate to the end of the system. It is also possible to inject a second specimen sample to be estimated before the first sample reaches the detector. For all the reasons mentioned, the CFIA technique analysis is appropriate, fast, and ideal for analyzing different samples. This general technique deals with solutions and is used for various tasks, including pH measurement, conductivity, colorimetry, titration, and enzyme assays. So, it was used in analytical chemistry to estimate many samples, including medicines, because they are essential substances for human life, and everyone widely uses them.
Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Aloe vera Leaves and Chemical Analysis of the Alcoholic Extract of the Leaves Using HPLC, GC, and GC-Mass Devices
Authors: Al Nuaimy Mohammed Ali Abdul Razzaq , Sumaiya Naeema Hawar
Published: February 2024

The study's goals were to separate and identify endophytic fungi from Aloe vera leaves by looking at their morphology and molecules, as well as to find the chemical compounds in the leaf extract by using HPLC, GC, and GC-Mass instruments. The results showed that 53 endophytic fungi were isolated from a total of 120 pieces of A. vera leaves, with a total colonization rate of 44.16%. The fungus Aspergillus terreus had a colonization rate of 14.16%; Aspergillus niger had a colonization rate of 13.33%; Penicillium chermesinum demonstrated a colonization rate of 6.66%; Paecilomyces variotii had a colonization rate of 2.5%; Talaromyces radicus; and Aspergillus flavus achieved a colonization rate of 1.66%. Finally, the fungi Aspergillus quadrilineatus, Talaromyces verruculosus, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Alternaria solani, and Aspergillus niveus achieved a colonization rate of 0.83%. The results of examining the alcoholic extract of the leaves using the HPLC device showed the presence of the chemical compounds aloin at a concentration of 125.39 ppm and aloe emodin at a concentration of 66.59 ppm. We looked at the leaf alcoholic extract with a GC machine and found a group of fatty acids. These included linoleic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic. The GC-MS test revealed a group of active compounds, including Heptane, 1-(ethenylthio), Ethanedicarboxamide, N-allyl-N'-(2,5-dimethylphenyl), 2H-Pyran, 2-(3-butynyloxy) tetrahydro, 1,2-Cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, 3-methyl-dimethyl ester and 4 (1H)-Pyrimidinone, 2-(propylthio). The presence of endophytic fungi from which effective enzymes or compounds can be isolated could probably have an important role in future medical and therapeutic uses. Also, the leaves of the A. vera plant have medicinal and therapeutic uses for many diseases.
The Efficacy of Feed Restriction Program on Broiler Production: A Review
Authors: Hamdeen Yahia Dawood
Published: February 2024

Poultry often intake energy to meet their energy needs, which is associated with both more fat and protein deposition, which is also conditioned by the presence of adequate other nutritional nutrients. The most significant supplement in creature sustenance or diets is protein, with exceptional thought given to the proportion among energy and protein in consumes less calories (energy: protein ratio EPR). This implies that a specific protein level relates with the fundamental measure of energy in the eating regimen. The article evaluated the manipulation of energy to protein ratio and its effect on broiler performance and carcass lipid profile. The author's methodology depends on analyzing and comparing other scientists’ studies and work to evaluate the impact of protein-to-energy ratio on broiler performance and carcass fat deposition and found that high-energy or high-protein diets and widening the energy-to-protein ratio significantly increased fat deposition. Also, a low-energy diet increased broiler total cholesterol.
Synthesis and Characterization of Proteolytic Enzyme Loaded on Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Salim Al-Shmgani Hanady , Ashij Mohammed A. , Khalil Khalil A. A. , Mohammed Hamdoon A.
Published: February 2024

Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme rich in cysteine proteases, extracted from the stem and fruit of pineapple (Ananas comosus). There are several therapeutic applications of the bromelain enzyme, where it has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antimicrobial activity, reduces joint pain, and accelerates wound healing. In the current study, bromelain enzyme was loaded on silver nanoparticles (Br-AgNPs) prepared using the citrate-reduction Turkevich method. Different characterization analyses were performed, including UV-Vis spectrophotometers, FTIR, SEM, and XRD analyses. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of prepared Br-AgNPs was evaluated by DPPH assay. The results of UV-Vis showed a peak at 434 nm, which referred to the AgNPs formation, and FTIR results revealed groups of (C=O, C=C) at 1519.91 and 1539.20, respectively, and the amine group at 1384.89 and the flavonoids group at 1357.89. SEM results exhibit that the synthesized Br-AgNPs were spherical in shape, with average sizes of about 84.73 nm. Also, the AgNPs were crystalline in nature with face-centered cubic symmetry. The synthesized BR-AgNPs showed strong in vitro antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, successfully synthesized silver nanoparticles and bromelain had a potent antioxidant effect and may be a possible therapeutic agent for many diseases in the future.
Enhanced Support Vector Machine Methods Using Stochastic Gradient Descent and Its Application to Heart Disease Dataset
Authors: Mahdi Ghadeer , Seror Faeq Mohammed  , Md Kamrul Hasan Khan
Published: February 2024

Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are supervised learning models used to examine data sets in order to classify or predict dependent variables. SVM is typically used for classification by determining the best hyperplane between two classes. However, working with huge datasets can lead to a number of problems, including time-consuming and inefficient solutions. This research updates the SVM by employing a stochastic gradient descent method. The new approach, the extended stochastic gradient descent SVM (ESGD-SVM), was tested on two simulation datasets. The proposed method was compared with other classification approaches such as logistic regression, naive model, K Nearest Neighbors and Random Forest. The results show that the ESGD-SVM has a very high accuracy and is quite robust. ESGD-SVM is used to analyze the heart disease dataset downloaded from Harvard Dataverse. The entire analysis was performed using the program R version 4.3.
The evolution of embedded systems in automotive industry: A global review
Authors: Sedat Sonko  , Cosmas Dominic Daudu  , Femi Osasona  , Ayodeji Matthew Monebi  , Emmanuel Augustine Etukudoh  , Akoh Atadoga
Published: February 2024

The automotive industry has undergone a revolutionary transformation with the integration of embedded systems, marking a paradigm shift in vehicle design, performance, and safety. This global review explores the evolution of embedded systems in the automotive sector, encompassing the technological advancements, market trends, and the transformative impact on vehicle functionalities. Over the past few decades, the automotive landscape has witnessed a rapid integration of embedded systems to enhance vehicle intelligence and connectivity. These systems, ranging from Engine Control Units (ECUs) to Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), have become pivotal in shaping the modern automotive experience. The review delves into the historical trajectory, starting from the early stages of simple control units to the sophisticated, interconnected systems prevalent in today's vehicles. The adoption of embedded systems has not been uniform across regions, and the review highlights the global trends and regional disparities in implementing these technologies. Different countries and automotive markets have exhibited diverse approaches, influenced by regulatory frameworks, consumer preferences, and the availability of infrastructure. Moreover, the review examines the symbiotic relationship between embedded systems and the emergence of electric and autonomous vehicles. As the automotive industry embraces sustainability and autonomy, embedded systems play a pivotal role in achieving these objectives by optimizing energy consumption, improving safety measures, and enabling seamless communication between vehicles and their environment. The challenges and opportunities associated with the evolution of embedded systems are also scrutinized, including cybersecurity concerns, standardization efforts, and the growing role of artificial intelligence in automotive applications. This comprehensive review contributes to a deeper understanding of the intricate dynamics between embedded systems and the automotive industry, providing valuable insights for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers navigating the ever-evolving landscape of smart and connected vehicles.
OPTIMALISASI PENDAPATAN DAERAH MELALUI PEMBAYARAN PAJAK AIR PERMUKAAN PADA UPT PENGELOLAAN PENDAPATAN DAERAH PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR JEMBER
Authors: Maulida Siti lailatul
Published: February 2024

The East Java Jember Province Regional Revenue Management Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) is an institution that operates in the operational technical fields of regional revenue collection, administration and community services. One of the regional revenue collections carried out is surface water tax. In the service that we carry out at UPT, we carry out Surface Water Tax (PAP) payment procedures. Surface Water Tax (PAP) is a tax on the extraction or utilization of surface water used by individuals and communities, excluding basic household and agricultural needs. The object of surface water is all water found on the land surface, excluding sea water located at sea or on land. Data was obtained using the interview method to find out a problem that needs to be investigated to obtain more detailed information. The results of this research are to find out what the registration, payment and reporting procedures for surface water taxes are.
MANAJEMEN ASSET DAN INVENTARISASI ASSET DALAM RANGKA MEWUJUDKAN GOOD SCHOOL GOVERNANCE
Authors: Nuha Sukma Uli
Published: February 2024

Community service activities aim to provide understanding and skills for the Muhammadiyah School Treasurer in Gresik Regency regarding school management and inventory processes. Community Service begins by giving a pre-test to participants so that the presenter can find out to what extent the material or materials to be taught have been mastered by participants regarding asset management. The next stage is counseling about asset management, asset depreciation and asset inventory. The next stage, participants were asked to summarize the asset data in their respective schools to Ms. Excel that has been prepared by the speaker. The next stage is a discussion regarding asset management and calculating the depreciation of assets owned by the school. The final stage is the final evaluation / post-test which is used to determine participants' understanding of the material that has been provided. The results of the training showed an increase in participants' understanding of the importance of asset management and having asset inventory data in their respective schools. This activity provides positive value in terms of effectiveness and efficiency of asset management and inventory management. This activity can also help schools to minimize the occurrence of human error and maintain the security of asset data contained in the school.
PENGELOLAHAN RISIKO RANTAI PASOK PRODUK OLAHAN BANDENG PADA UD. ARSHAINDO MENGGUNAKAN METODE HOUSE OF RISK
Authors: Al Basthomi M Yazid
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Milkfish is one of the types that dominates the total production of this pond culture because it is one of the most potential fish species to be cultivated because of the fish's viability, which is 10,208.23 tons based on data from the East Java Province Fisheries and Marine Service in the last 207 updated in 2019 The increase in the aquaculture yield has triggered the owners of UKM (Small and Medium Enterprises) which are developing in Gresik Regency to process the milkfish. Opportunities for processing milkfish into other products make this product a higher selling value compared to fresh milkfish which is sold directly to consumers. The large number of parties involved in the process or supply chain causes risk to arise, therefore it is necessary to identify the risk of SMEs and design a handling strategy for the risks that exist in the related SMEs. The House Of Risk method is used in identifying risks and providing risk management strategies for the dominant risk causes. This method consists of 2 stages, namely the risk identification stage and the causes of risk or called the House Of Risk Phase 1 and the risk management phase or the House Of Risk Phase 2.The House Of Risk 1 phase shows that in the related SMEs there are 24 types of risk and 20 types of risk causes. which exists. In calculating the ARP and using the Pareto diagram, the results show that there are 5 causes of dominant risk in these UKM. The House Of Risk 2 phase results in 5 risk management strategies for 20 causes of dominant risk.

Keywords :House Of Risk, Milkfish, Risk Identification, Risk Management
The Link Between Teacher Emotional Regulation and Maladaptive Behavior of Pre-School Student
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Widyastuti Widyastuti
Published: February 2024

Maladaptive behavior often appears in preschool-aged children as form of child adjustment to wider social environment. Maladaptive behavior that is not managed early on will have negative impact on child development. Intervention is needed so that maladaptive behavior is not attached to the child's character. Teachers are social agents who play an important role in changing children's behavior, high teacher emotional regulation is needed to weaken children's maladaptive behavior . This study aims to determine the link between teacher emotional regulation and maladaptive behavior of preschoolers. This research is correlational quantitative research. The data collection technique used questionnaire using Emotional Regulation Questionnare scale with reliability of 0.783 and Strength and Difficulty scale with reliability of 0.756. The subjects of this study were 200 ‘Aisyiyah Sidoarjo KB/TK teachers. The sampling technique uses quota sampling technique and data analysis uses Spearman Rho Correlation. The results of this study indicate the value of the correlation coefficient r = -0.54 with significance value of 0.001 (P <0.05). This shows that there is negative link between teacher emotional regulation and maladaptive behavior of pre-school in 'Aisyiyah Sidoarjo KB/TK students. The higher the teacher's emotional regulation, the lower the maladaptive behavior raised by 'Aisyiyah Sidoarjo KB/TK students.
Karakteristik Iklim Di Kota Palembang Serta Implikasinya Terhadap Bencana Kabut Asap
Authors: Romadoni Muhammad , Akhsan Hamdi
Published: February 2024

This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of the climate and its relationship to the haze disaster in the city of Palembang by utilizing data from the BMKG observation station, namely the Palembang Climatology Station and the Sultan Mahmud Baharudin II Meteorological Station, from 1981 to 2020. The research method used is secondary data research with a quantitative approach. The analysis used is according to the rules of the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and indices ETCCDI. Trend analysis was carried out using the non-parametric Mankendal statistical and sens tests. The indices that experienced a significant trend were the temperature index, which indicates that the temperature in Palembang is increasing from time to time. The relationship between dry days has a correlation level of >0.9. This shows a close relationship between haze disasters and days without rain (CDD). The months prone to smog occur in June, July, August and September (JJAS).
Profil Awal Kemampuan Representasi Ilmiah Calon Guru Fisika pada Pembelajaran Fisika Modern
Authors: Mulhayatiah Diah , Sinaga Parlindungan , Rusdiana Dadi , Kaniawati Ida , Putri Nurhalia Maulida
Published: February 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of determining the ability to learn physics in physics education students in solving physics problems using various types of representation modes. This research was conducted using descriptive qualitative approach. A descriptive qualitative approach was carried out by conducting literature studies in previous research journals to support the validity of this research. The results showed that physics education students are easier to solve problems about modern physics by using the image and graph representation mode than other representation modes