bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The MADS transcription factor GhAP1 coordinates the flowering regulatory pathway in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Cheng Xiaoqian , Wang Hantao , Wei Hengling , Gu Lijiao , Hao Pengbo , Sun Huiru , Wu Aimin , Cheng Shuaishuai , Hua Jinping , Yu Shuxun
Published: December 2019

Background: MADS-box gene family plays an important role in the molecular regulatory network of flower development. APETAL1 (AP1), a MADS-box gene, plays an important role in the development of flower organs. Although many studies about MADS-box family genes have been reported, the function of AP1 is still not clear in cotton.
Results: In this study, GhAP1 (Gh_D03G0922), a candidate gene for cotton flower time and plant height obtained from our previous studies, was cloned from CCRI50 cotton variety and functionally characterized. Subcellular localization demonstrated that GhAP1 was located in nucleus. Infection test of Arabidopsis revealed that GhAP1 could cause precocious flowering and virus-induced gene silence (VIGS) assay demonstrated that GhAP1 could lead to delayed flowering of cotton plants. Yeast one-hybrid assays and transient dual-luciferase assays suggested that floral meristem identity control gene LEAFY (LFY) can bind the promoter of GhAP1 and negatively regulate it. Yeast two-hybrid assays suggested that GhAP1 can interact with pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein PSAT2.
Conclusions: Our research indicated that GhAP1 might work as a positive regulator in plant flowering. Moreover, GhAP1 may interact with GhPSAT2 and be negatively regulated by GhLFY in the regulatory pathways. This work laid the foundation for subsequent functional studies of GhAP1.
Physical activity and exercise interventions for people with rare neurological disorders: a scoping review of systematic reviews
Authors: Buscemi Valentina , Boaz Annette , Dawes Helen , Jaki Thomas , Jones Fiona , Lowe Rachel , Marsden Jonathan , Paul Lorna , Playle Rebecca , Randell Elizabeth , Robling Mike , Rochester Lynne , Busse Monica , Ramdharry Gita
Published: December 2019

Background: People living with rare neurological conditions (RNCs) often face common physical, cognitive and psychological challenges that lead to reduced physical activity and associated deconditioning. Physical activity interventions are routinely utilised to address disease specific limitations with the intention of promoting participation in people with RNCs. This scoping review aimed to synthesise the body of evidence for such interventions as they are applied across a wide range of RNCs. Methods: We undertook a scoping review of systematic reviews of any type of physical activity and exercise interventions for adults with neuromuscular diseases, motor neurone disease, Huntington’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, inherited ataxias and hereditary spastic paraplegia. The reviews were included if they reported at least one outcome that aimed to increase physical activity level at either the body structure/function, activity and/or participation levels. Results: Sixty-two articles were full-text screened of which 27 were included. Most studies involved interventions in people with neuromuscular diseases. No reviews of interventions in hereditary spastic paraparesis were identified. The majority of reviews included studies of structured exercise using outcome measures at the level of body function and functional activity. Interventions were grouped as: i) combined interventions; ii) muscle strength training; iii) respiratory training; iv) aerobic training. Frequency, intensity, time and type of structured exercise utilised varied considerably across studies. Most studies were methodologically limited by small sample sizes, variation in exercise dose and training duration.Conclusions: To date, primary attention has been given to structured exercise interventions, which have demonstrated to have a low to uncertain level of evidence. Novel approaches to implementing common interventions and modalities are needed to increase accessibility and engagement in physical activity irrespective of disease type. Further exploration is warranted to achieve consensus on outcome measures that reflect areas of importance and relevance to people with RNCs.
Is Fear of Movement (FoM) in sports related activities a latent trait?: the item response model applied to the Photographic Series of Sports Activities for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture (PHOSA-ACLR).
Authors: Lankveld Wim van , Pat-El Ron J. , Melick Nicky van , Cingel Robert van , Staal J. Bart
Published: December 2019

Background: Fear of Movement is an important factor predicting return to sports in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR). Fear for specific ACLR related movements can be addressed measuring the Photographic Sports Activities for ACLR (PHOSA-ACLR). This study was conducted to determine whether Fear of Movement assessed using the PHOSA-ACLR is a latent trait, and to analyse differences in PHOSA-ACLR in athletes with or without an ACL rupture. Methods: Data from three groups of participants were included in this study: 1) ACLR patients participated in a previous study measuring psychological dimensions after ACLR (n = 58 ); 2) first year physical therapy students at the HAN University of Applied Sciences (n = 169), and 3) junior football players that were enrolled in a training programme of the Professional Soccer club Vitesse (Arnhem) (n = 30). All participants completed the PHOSA-ACLR (scale score 0-10), and questions related to demographics. ACLR patients completed additional questionnaires to assess functioning and Fear of Harm. PHOSA-ACLR items were analysed with Item Response Theory using the Graded Response Model (GRM). Differences between three groups of participants were analysed using Univariate Analysis of Variance. Results: The two-parameter GRM with both location and discrimination (-2LL = -5485.05) showed a significantly better fit than the one-parameter model (-2LL = -5515.36), (1) = 30.31, p = 0.00). The items of the PHOSA-ACLR thus constitute a latent trait. The three groups of participants differed in reported fear of movement assessed with the PHOSA-ACLR after controlling for covariates gender and age. Physical therapy students reported higher levels of fear of movement compared to either ACLR patients and healthy soccer players (respectively 4.9 (95%CI 4.6-5.3); 3.6 (95%CI 2.5-3.7); 2.6 (95%CI 1.6-3.6)). Conclusion: PHOSA-ACLR items constitute a latent trait of fear of movement for ACLR specific movements. Contrary to expectations, PHOSA-ACLR is higher in first year physiotherapy students compared to patients rehabilitating from ACLR, and healthy junior soccer players. The PHOSA-ACLR might be useful for clinicians to identify high levels of fear of movement related to ACLR, and provide a tool to help the patient overcome fear of movement using exposure techniques.
Deterioration of spinal sagittal alignment exposes latent cognitive impairment in the general older population: A Japanese cohort survey randomly sampled from a basic resident registry
Authors: Nishimura Hikaru , Ikegami Shota , Uehara Masashi , Takahashi Jun , Tokida Ryosuke , Sakai Ayaka , Sakai Noriko , Kato Hiroyuki
Published: December 2019

Background: This study investigated the impact of spinal sagittal alignment on cognitive function in the general older population using a Japanese population cohort constructed from random sampling of the basic resident registry of a rural town.Methods: Registered citizens of 50 to 89 years old were targeted for this survey. Participants were classified into 8 groups based on age (50's, 60's, 70's, or 80's) and sex (male or female) after random sampling from the resident registry of a cooperating town in 2014. A total of 413 subjects (203 male and 210 female) were enrolled. We analyzed the distribution of cognitive function test scores determined as by Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination in each age and sex group to assess the impact of radiographic parameters of spinal sagittal alignment on cognitive function tests.Results: Cognitive function test results tended to decrease with age. Among groups of the same age and sex, cognitive function worsened significantly with poorer spinal alignment. In particular, increases in sagittal vertical axis or global tilt by 1 degree of standard deviation were significantly related to mild cognitive impairment (odds ratio: both 1.4).Conclusions: Spinal alignment deterioration indicated cognitive function decline in Japanese older people of the same age and sex. Thus, a forward shift in sagittal spinal balance may be regarded as a visible indicator of latent mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older people.
Motivation and Job Satisfaction in Organizations: A Study of University of Africa and Market Square Company, Bayelsa State
Authors: Sapele Frank Funkeye , Idoniboye-Obu Sakiemi Abbey
Published: December 2019

The article summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within a scientific discussion on the issue of increasing the level of motivation and job satisfaction in organizations. The main objective of the study is to identify facts of increasing the employee job satisfaction and to determine key tools for increasing their motivation towards effective and quality work. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving the problem of improving the productivity of economic entities indicates the significant urgency of the problems associated with the low level of motivation of employees. The relevance of solving this scientific problem lies in the fact that motivation plays an important role, since it forms the basis of managerial functions in the context of planning and organizing business, improves the performance of employees in an organization. Methodological tools of the research were methods of data analysis and synthesis, surveys and statistical methods. The subject of the study is employees of the University of Africa and Market Square Bayelsa State. The paper presents the results of an empirical analysis, which show that motivation and job satisfaction are considered a means of increasing the effectiveness of the organization and providing quality services, as well as a tool to achieve high productivity. The study anchored on Herzberg two factors theory of motivation and the research adopted a qualitative technique. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that there is a strong link between motivation and job satisfaction for efficient service delivery in the various organizations and that wages, bonuses also play an important part of motivating employees which increases job satisfaction within organizations. The study recommends prompt payment of salaries and all entitlements, which actually help to encourage employees towards effective job satisfaction. Keywords: employees, job satisfaction, motivation, organization, performance.
A Grace-Based Leadership Approach to Managing Gen A in the Digital Age
Authors: Ong Yu Sing
Published: December 2019

This paper discusses a grace-based approach in managing the Gen A workforce in the digital age. It is a philosophical approach that covers grace, compassion, ethics, empowerment, and trust. On the basis of the conducted research the author proposes three theoretical lenses, organizational management, religious, and philosophical hybridism to conceptualize the grace-based leadership model that addresses the deterioration in ethical business behavior which gives rise to fraud, corruption, and loss of integrity. Specifically, this paper highlights the humanism aspect of organizations from the perspective of established philosophies and religions such as I Ching, Confucianism, Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism. The methodological basis for this paper is found within the theological, philosophical, psychological, and managerial fields. This study uses both interpretative phenomenological and hermeneutics approaches to interpret and understand the divine and classical texts of I Ching, Confucian Analects, Sutras, Quran, and Bhagavad Gita. The main hypothesis of the research is the idea that qualitative inquiries in management and leadership contexts can be enriched through linkages to the study of interpretative phenomenology and hermeneutics. The practical significance of this paper lies in the potential for developing a theoretical framework in humanistic leadership. According to the findings, this paper concludes that the deciding factor for an organization’s success in the digital era will be its ability to evolve its corporate culture to not only take advantage of emerging technologies but also to embrace the principle of humanism in the workplace.
Keywords: Gen A, grace-based leadership, I Ching, Islam, Confucian, Buddhism, Hinduism, phenomenology, hermeneutics, grace-based approach.
Tissue Culture Clonal Propagation of Hybrid White Oaks for the Urban Environment
Authors: Sax Miles Schwartz , Bassuk Nina , Bridgen Mark
Published: December 2019

A tissue culture system was developed to clonally propagate a series of hybrid white oaks (Quercus L.) at the plant breeding program of the Urban Horticulture Institute (UHI), Cornell University. From 2014 through 2018, 34 genotypes and 1966 individual explants of UHI hybrid white oaks were trialed to determine their capacity to establish, multiply, and root in a tissue culture environment. UHI hybrid oak genotypes were selected based on their known tolerance to stresses common in the urban environment (drought, alkaline soils, pests, and diseases) and their ornamental qualities. Individual genotype was the single largest factor affecting successful establishment, multiplication, stabilization, and rooting of hybrid oaks in vitro. Thirteen clones of hybrid oaks were identified as having the capacity to stabilize and grow continuously in the multiplication phase. Multiplication efficiency rates were dependent on individual genotype. Stabilized genotypes showed the capacity to be re-established during successive years. The tissue culture process was simplified and refined to make the protocols less labor intensive for laboratory technicians using these methods. This study presents a preliminary and promising method for the clonal propagation of oak species and provides a path for cultivar development for plants belonging to the genus Quercus.
Evaluation of Detached Strawberry Leaves for Anthracnose Disease Severity Using Image Analysis and Visual Ratings
Authors: Miller-Butler Melinda A. , Smith Barbara J. , Curry Kenneth J. , Blythe Eugene K.
Published: December 2019

Inoculation of detached strawberry leaves with Colletotrichum species may provide an accurate, rapid, nondestructive method of identifying anthracnose-resistant germplasm. The purpose of this study was to statistically compare two methods (visual and image analysis) of evaluating disease severity of strawberry germplasm screened for anthracnose resistance. Detached leaves of 77 susceptible and resistant strawberry clones were inoculated with one Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. and two C. fragariae A. N. Brooks isolates. Anthracnose disease symptoms on each leaf were assessed quantitatively via computer-based image analysis to determine percentage lesion area and qualitatively by two independent raters using a visual disease severity rating scale (0 = no symptoms to 5 = entire leaf dead). The two visual raters’ average disease severity ratings (n = 3413) were in substantial agreement with a weighted Cohen’s kappa coefficient (k) of 0.80 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79–0.82]. There was a strong positive correlation between percent lesion area determined by image analysis and the visual disease scores of the two raters (rp = 0.79). Image analysis provided a precise measurement of percent lesion area of infected leaves while visual assessment provided more rapid results. Our results indicate that detached leaf inoculations can be used as a rapid preliminary screen to separate anthracnose-susceptible from -resistant germplasm in large populations within breeding programs. It also may be used for assessing the resistance/susceptibility of parental breeding lines to various Colletotrichum species and isolates, for mapping germplasm for resistance genes, and in pesticide development studies.
Physiological Responses in C3 and C4 Turfgrasses under Soil Water Deficit
Authors: Culpepper Travis , Young Joseph , Montague David T. , Sullivan Dana , Wherley Benjamin
Published: December 2019

Lawns must be managed increasingly under less frequent or deficit irrigation. Deficit irrigation can reduce gas exchange, carbon assimilation, and physiological function in both warm- (C4) and cool- (C3) season turfgrasses, yet limited research has compared the physiological response to increasing levels of soil water deficit. The objectives of this greenhouse study were to compare three commonly used transition-zone turfgrasses—bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] (C4), buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] (C4), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) (C3)—and their ability to maintain quality and physiological function under water deficit stress. Visual turf quality, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), reflective canopy temperature, and gross photosynthesis were evaluated initially near field capacity (FC), and subsequent soil water deficit [48% (moderate) and 33% (severe) of plant-available water] conditions. Bermudagrass and tall fescue had similar quality ratings near FC, although the photosynthetic rate was greater for bermudagrass. Compared with other turfgrasses, bermudagrass maintained greater turf quality, NDVI, and photosynthetic rates further into water deficit stress. Tall fescue quality and photosynthetic rates declined most rapidly in both experiments as a result of the combined heat and drought stress. Buffalograss used less water compared with other species, and maintained consistent turf quality, NDVI, and photosynthetic rates under moderate and severe water deficit. These results support the notion that buffalograss and bermudagrass are better adapted than tall fescue at maintaining functional and ecosystem services with shallow soil depths in landscape situations under imposed summertime water restrictions.
Antioxidant Capacity and Polyphenolic Compounds of Blackberries Produced in Different Climates
Authors: Croge Camila P. , Cuquel Francine L. , Pintro Paula T.M. , Biasi Luiz A. , De Bona Claudine M.
Published: December 2019

Antioxidants are compounds with varied chemical structures that are affected by biotic and abiotic factors. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity of fruit from four blackberry cultivars produced under different climatic conditions. Ascorbic acid content, total polyphenols, flavonoids, monomeric anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of the fruit were evaluated, and high levels of bioactive compounds as well as antioxidant activity were observed regardless of the cultivar or growing location. The results showed that bioactive production is affected by the cultivar and environment. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of the blackberry fruit depends on the total phenolics and anthocyanin.
A Novel Source of Resistance to Pepper yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (PepYLCThV) (Begomovirus) in Chile Pepper
Authors: Barchenger Derek W. , Yule Sopana , Jeeatid Nakarin , Lin Shih-wen , Wang Yen-wei , Lin Tsung-han , Chan Yuan-li , Kenyon Lawrence
Published: December 2019

Chile pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an increasingly important vegetable and spice crop. Among the most devastating chile pepper–infecting viruses, especially in tropical and subtropical regions, are members of the whitefly transmitted Begomovirus, which cause pepper yellow leaf curl (PYLC). An effective PYLC management strategy is the development of resistant cultivars. However, genetic recombination, acquisition of extra DNA components, and synergistic interactions among different begomoviruses have resulted in the rapid emergence of new viruses that can infect new hosts, cause new disease symptoms, and overcome host resistance. In this project, 98 Capsicum entries comprising breeding lines, open pollinated varieties, genebank accessions, and wild species were screened for resistance to strains of Pepper yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (PepYLCThV). We used a randomized complete block design with three replications and 10 plants per replication in field net-houses at two locations (Khon Kaen and Kamphaeng Saen, Thailand) using augmented inoculation by viruliferous whiteflies. Scoring was done at ≈60, 90, and 120 days after inoculation using a standardized 6-point scale (1 = no symptoms to 6 = very severe symptoms), and the average of the scores of 10 plants within each replication was used for analysis. Although no entry was immune to the disease, the breeding line 9852-123 was highly resistant. Several accessions and lines were moderately resistant at both locations, although a high level of variability within these entries was observed. Overall, the disease severity at the Khon Kaen location was greater compared with Kamphaeng Saen, highlighting the importance of multilocation testing for disease resistance. The resistant entry identified here can be used to study gene action and to move resistance genes into well-adapted germplasm.
Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Gibberellic Acid Concentrations on Dormancy Break in Tubers of Solanum chacoense
Authors: Christensen Christian T. , Zotarelli Lincoln , Haynes Kathleen G. , Kelly Charles Ethan
Published: December 2019

Solanum chacoense is a wild relative of potato (Solanum tuberosum) that is of interest because of its many desirable traits, but it exhibits variations in tuber dormancy across accessions. The objective of this study was to determine an appropriate gibberellic acid (GA3) concentration and soak time treatment to encourage sprout development across four accessions of S. chacoense (A, B, C, and D) from the 174 accessions of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Potato Genebank. Twelve treatments were created by using four concentrations of GA3 (0, 50, 100, and 150 μg·mL−1) across three soak periods (5, 45, and 90 minutes). Small (average weight, 1.4 g), medium (2.6 g), and large (5.6 g) tubers were distributed among all treatments. Percentage of tubers sprouted, time to sprouting, sprout length, and sprout number per tuber were analyzed to determine the effectiveness of GA3 treatments on dormancy breaking. GA3 concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 μg·mL−1 partially broke dormancy within accessions B and C. None of the tested treatments were effective for breaking dormancy in accession D within 46 days after treatment. Accession A showed weaker dormancy, thus producing a similar percentage of sprouted tubers across all GA3 treatments. Soak time had no significant effect on all parameters measured. Larger tubers produced greater sprout number per tuber and percentages of sprouted tubers. Soaking tubers in 50 μg·mL−1 of GA3 may be an effective treatment for S. chacoense accessions with mild dormancy, but alternative methods to break dormancy may be required for S. chacoense accessions with stronger dormancy.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FOMITOPSIS BETULINA CULTURAL LIQUID
Authors: Krupodorova Tetiana , Barshteyn Victor , Pokas Elena
Published: December 2019

The antibacterial activity of Fomitopsis betulina cultural liquid (native, native concentrated, lyophilized, dried) against standard bacteria (Escherichia coli АТСС 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 27853, Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 25923), and clinical isolates (Acinetobacter baumannii 50/1496 MBL, A. baumannii 88/2995 MBL, E. coli 116/3196 KPC, Klebsiella pneumoniae 6/509 ESBL, AmpC, KPC, P. aeruginosa 99/3066 MBL, P. aeruginosa 125/3343 MBL, S. haemoliticus 22/824 MRSA, S. aureus 134/3569 MRCNS) has been evaluated by the serial dilutions method. The antibacterial activity of F. betulina against S. haemoliticus and A. baumannii has been found for the first time. All samples of F. betulina cultural liquid demonstrated the inhibitory effect against standard bacterial strains at the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranging from >2.0 up to 18.75 mg/ml, and against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates with MBC from 7.8 up to 48.42 mg/ml. The dried F. betulina cultural liquid showed the highest antimicrobial activity against standard bacteria and clinical isolates, except A. baumannii 50/1496 MBL, while native concentrated cultural liquid was the most effective against this pathogen. The study showed that the antibacterial activity of the cultural liquid of F. betulina was improved by concentration and drying. The results obtained indicate that F. betulina cultural liquid contains alternative antimicrobial agents, useful for the treatment of bacterial diseases and might be a perspective substance for the pharmaceutical industries
On‐farm Performance and Farmers’ Perceptions of DroughtTEGO‐Climate‐Smart Maize Hybrids in Kenya
Authors: Obunyali Caleb Omwibali , Karanja James , Oikeh Sylvester Ojo , Omanya Gospel Oluoch , Mugo Stephen , Beyene Yoseph , Oniang'o Ruth Khasaya
Published: December 2019

Maize (Zea mays L.) productivity in the sub‐Saharan Africa is constrained by biotic and abiotic stresses that reduce yield. In the region, one of the most serious abiotic factor is frequent intermittent droughts, which has been attributed to climate change. The purpose of this paper was to use on‐farm demonstration studies and farmer field days to demonstrate new drought mitigation technology and provide information on how small farmers can reduce yield losses. A total of 4814 demonstration plots of 39 DroughtTEGO maize hybrids and 19 commercial check hybrids were established in 17 counties across the low‐to‐mid‐altitude maize‐growing agroecologies of Kenya between 2015 and 2017. A total of 246 field‐day workshops were conducted. Combined analyses across years and locations showed that top five DroughtTEGO hybrids increased maize yields 33 to 54% (5.5–6.3 Mg ha−1) relative to conventional hybrids. The highest yield advantage of DroughtTEGO hybrids over commercial checks was observed in the drier lower eastern region in Kenya. Farmers particularly women, preferred the DroughtTEGO hybrids because of the stay‐green character, whiteness of flour (milling quality), root lodging resistance, drought‐tolerance and shelling percentage. Results from this study suggested that smallholder farmers can reduce the impact of drought by seeding drought‐tolerant maize hybrids.

Core Ideas

High yields and farmer‐preferred traits determine adoption of new varieties.

Conducting on‐farm demonstrations can overcome adoption barriers.

Planting of drought‐tolerant hybrids mitigates drought stress for smallholder‐farmers.
Effect of Rebar on Ductility of Moment-resisting Frame with Concrete-filled Tube Column
Authors: Amini Alireza B. , Palangsaraee Saman M.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Today, many developed countries use the Concrete-Filled Steel tube columns (CFT) to construct high-rise building and bridge piers.

Objective:

This paper investigates the effect of rebar inside the concrete core of CFT columns.

Materials and Methods:

For this purpose, the structural performance of three two-span frames is evaluated with ABAQUS software. The frames vary based on the presence or absence of rebar within the concrete core, so that the first model has no rebar, the second model has less rebar, and the third model has more rebar inside the concrete core.

Results and Conclusion:

The observations from the hysteresis curves obtained from the analyses suggest the more ductile behavior, greater stiffness, and higher energy dissipation potential in the third model relative to the other two models, so that the third model has about 24% more energy absorption capacity than the case without the rebar.
Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion, as Opioid-Sparing Strategy, in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Fiore Marco , Alfieri Aniello , Passavanti Maria B. , Battimelli Anna , Gatani Alessia , Mangoni Giuseppe , Simeon Vittorio , Chiodini Paolo , Pace Maria C.
Published: December 2019

Introduction:

Although there are multiple analgesia techniques, opioids remain the most widely used drug for pain control. Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV), sleepiness, respiratory, and gastrointestinal disorder are common complications of postoperative opioid use, which makes the decrease in opioid demand, through combination with non-opioid agents, desirable. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist with sedative and anxiolytic effects. Recently, some studies proved the evidence of its notable opioid-sparing effect. Furthermore DEX, compared to opioids, seems to have the advantage of not inhibiting spontaneous breathing.

Aim:

This systematic review protocol aims to define the analgesic effect of perioperative DEX infusion and the cumulative opioid consumption of patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Methods:

The review will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis Protocols (PRISMA- P) statement and the Cochrane recommendations for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Results:

The primary outcomes will be 1) The effect of DEX infusion, on pain control, compared to placebo or other treatments and 2) The opioid-sparing effect of DEX infusion compared to placebo or other treatments. The secondary outcome will be a) Respiratory depression, b) Hypotension requiring fluid infusion and/or amine, c) Bradycardia requiring vasoactive drugs, d) Needing of prolonged hospital stay, e) PONV and gastrointestinal disorders.

Conclusion:

A sub-analysis is planned for i) The type of surgery performed, ii) Patient’s gender, iii) Patients age. If possible, a meta- analysis (including sub-analysis and sensitivity analysis for all assessed outcomes) will be performed. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be followed to create a Summary of Findings.

The Registration Number for this Systematic Review is CRD42018086687.
Upaya peningkatan kemandirian belajar siswa dengan model problem-based learning berbantuan media Edmodo
Authors: Aulia Lisa Nur , Susilo Susilo , Subali Bambang
Published: December 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajar siswa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaaran problem based learning yang dibantu dengan media edmodo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one grup pretest posttest. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI penjurusan MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Demak tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Aspek kemandirian yang diteliti meliputi aspek persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket kemandirian belajar, wawancara terhadap siswa dengan kemandirian rendah, sedang, dan tinggi, angket respon siswa, dan lembar keterlaksanaan pembelajaran untuk mengetahui tingkat keefektifan penerapan model problem based learning berbantuan edmodo. Berdasarkan analisis hasil penelitian tingkat keefektifan pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan model problem based learning berbantuan edmodo adalah 94,11%. Peningkatan kemandirian belajar diketahui dengan menggunakan uji n-gain didapatkan hasil sebesar 0,32 dengan kriteria sedang. Peningkatan kemandirian yang paling optimal terjadi pada indikator evaluasi kegiatan belajar dan penarikan kesimpulan pengalaman belajar. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan aplikasi edmodo dalam pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kemandirian belajar siswa. Efforts to increase student self-regulated learning with problem-based learning model use Edmodo AbstractThe purpose of this study is to improve students' self-regulated learning by applying model problem based learning use edmodo. The research method is experimental method with one group pretest posttest research design. The subjects of the study were the students of science class grade XI of SMA Negeri 1 Demak academic year 2017/2018. The aspects of self-regulated learning examined include aspects of preparation, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection techniques used questionnaire of self-regulated learning, interviews of students with low, middle, and high self-regulated learning, student response questionnaires, and learning activity sheet to determine the level of effectiveness of the implementation of problem-based learning model use edmodo. Based on the analysis of research results, the effectiveness level of learning implementation with problem based learning model use edmodo is 94.11%. Increased learning independence is known by using the n-gain test results obtained by 0.32 with middle criteria. The most optimal improvement of independence occurs in indicators of evaluation of learning activities and conclusions of learning experiences. So it can be concluded that the use of edmodo applications in learning can improve student’s self-regulated learning.
Android-based learning media on human respiratory system material for high school students
Authors: Pahlifi Dwi Maihidin , Fatharani Mirra
Published: December 2019

This research was aimed to produce a product in the form of android-based learning media on the material of the human respiratory system for the Science Class students in XI Grade of High School. This research was performed in SMA Negeri 2 Bantul. The biology learning through the utilization of this android-based learning media has a characteristic which utilizes technology in learning, therefore, it could be used by anyone, anywhere, and anytime. The method used in this development research was based on the adaptation of ADDIE development model which consists of five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The initial product has been reviewed by the material and media experts. Then, the result of revision was assessed based on materials, operationalization, and the media display conducted by reviewers (biology teacher) and peer reviewers. Then, it tested on high school students to discover the feasibility of android-based learning media. The research results have indicated that android-based learning media on the material of human respiratory system which has been developed was assessed as feasible to be implemented in the learning reviewed from the aspect of material assessment which included in the criteria of “very good”, the aspect of media assessment showed “very good” criteria as well and the test result toward the students included in “very good” category.
Potensi lokal Gunung Ijen untuk pemahaman konsep dan berpikir kreatif pengurangan resiko bencana
Authors: Tamimiya Khatriya Tiffani , Suryadarma I Gusti Putu
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan: (1) kelayakan dan (2) efektifitas LKPD IPA berbasis project based-learning (PjBL) terintegrasi potensi lokal Gunung Ijen dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep lapisan Bumi dan berpikir kreatif peserta didik. Penelitian ini mengacu pada model pengembangan 4D. Uji coba empiris dilakukan pada satu kelas eksperimen terdiri dari 28 siswa dan satu kelas kontrol terdiri dari 24 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKPD IPA berbasis PjBL terintegrasi potensi lokal Gunung Ijen layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan berpikir kreatif peserta didik dengan kategori sangat baik dengan skor sebesar 3,75 menurut validator ahli materi dan 3,68 menurut validator ahli media. LKPD IPA tersebut efektif meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan berpikir kreatif dengan signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (sig< 0,05). Pemanfaatan produk dapat digunakan untuk sekolah-sekolah di sekitar kawasan Gunung Ijen. Sekolah yang jauh dari kawasan Gunung Ijen, dapat melakukan modifikasi tentang potensi lokal sesuai dengan daerah masing-masing. Mount Ijen's local potential to understanding concept and creative thinking of disaster risk reduction AbstractThis study aims to reveal: (1) the feasibility and (2) effectiveness of Project Based-Learning (PjBL)-based science student worksheet (LKPD) integrated to Mount Ijen’s local potential in improving the students’ understanding of Earth layer concept and creative thinking.This study refers to the the development model of 4D. The empirical trial was conducted to one experimental class consisting of 28 students and one control class consisting of 24 students. The results show that the developed PjBL-based science LKPD integrated to Mount Ijen’s local potential is worthy of being used as teaching materials by improving the concepts and creative thinking of student understanding with a very good category with the final score of 3.75 according to the material expert validator and 3.68 according to the media expert validator. The developed science LKPD is significantly effective in improving students' understanding of concepts and creative thinking at the significance level of 0.000 (sig < 0.05). It can be used for schools around the area of Mount Ijen. For schools that are extremely far from Mount Ijen, the modifications can be made about the local potential according to their respective regions.
Implementasi Metode Presentasi pada Tahap Pra Laboratorium untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis dan Sikap Mahasiswa Terhadap Kimia
Authors: Anwar Yunita Arian Sani , Al Idrus Syarifa Wahidah , Siahaan Jeckson
Published: December 2019

Kegiatan pra-laboratorium belum difungsikan dengan baik pada pelaksanaan praktikum di perguruan tinggi. Hal ini menyebabkan mahasiswa terlihat tidak siap dalam melakukan penyelidikan yang berdampak pada rendahnya kemampuan menulis laporan praktikum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh implementasi metode presentasi pada tahap pra-laboratorium terhadap skor laporan praktikum dan sikap terhadap kimia. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah posttest control group design yang terdiri atas kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Jumlah total responden yang terlibat sebanyak 67 mahasiswa dimana sebanyak 33 mahasiswa berada di kelas kontrol dan 34 mahasiswa di kelas eksperimen. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah rubrik penilaian laporan praktikum dan kuesioner sikap mahasiswa terhadap kimia. Komponen laporan praktikum yang diukur adalah abstrak, sumber informasi, organisasi, relevansi, konten, dan presentasi. Kategori sikap terhadap kimia yang digunakan adalah sikap terhadap materi kimia, sikap terhadap praktikum kimia, kepercayaan terhadap belajar kimia, dan kecenderungan sikap untuk belajar kimia. Pengaruh implementasi metode presentasi pada tahap pra-laboratorium terhadap skor laporan praktikum dan skor sikap terhadap kimia dianalisis menggunakan MANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi metode presentasi pada tahap pra-laboratorium memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap skor laporan praktikum dan sikap terhadap kimia. Semua komponen laporan dan kategori sikap pada kelas eksperimen memberikan skor yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol. Hal ini disebabkan karena implementasi metode presentasi pada tahap pra-laboratorium mampu meningkatkan motivasi dan kesiapan mahasiswa dalam melakukan penyelidikan.
Mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dengan game ritual tumpe
Authors: Supandi Muliati , Senam Senam
Published: December 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini mengembangkan produk berupa Game ritual tumpe untuk peserta didik SMP Kelas VII. Penelitian menggunakan metode research and developement (R & D) yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan. Penelitian mengacu pada model 4D: define (mendefinisikan), design (mendesain), develop (mengembangkan) dan disseminate (menyebarluaskan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan valid atau memenuhi kriteria kelayakan. Kategori kelayakan yang diperoleh dari ahli media dan juga guru adalah sangat valid. Implementasi media pembelajaran di dalam kelas dapat meningkatkan partisipasi aktif peserta didik sehingga berdampak pada peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Jenis penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen, menggunakan kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Gain score yang diperoleh pada saat pretest dan posttes pada kelas eksperimen menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Nilai gain score kelas eksperimen diperoleh 0,67 dan kelas kontrol 0,54 dengan kategori sedang. Efektivitas pembelajaran dilakukan dengan uji Manova dengan perolehan nilai sig. sebesar 0.000 (<0.05). Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa media yang dikembangkan valid, praktis dan efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran sains di kelas VII SMP. Develop critical thinking skills with tumpe ritual games AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop product in the form of a Tumpe Ritual Game for Class VII junior high school students. The research used the research and developement (R & D) method developed by Thiagarajan. The research refers to the 4D model: define, design, develop and disseminate. The result of the study indicates that learning media developed is valid or meet the eligibility criteria. The feasibility category obtained from media experts and also the teacher is highly valid. The implementation of learning media in the classroom can increase students' active participation so that it has an impact on improving critical thinking skill. This type of research uses quasi-experimental, using the control class and the experimental class. Gain scores obtained at the pre-test and post-test in the experimental class showed significant differences. The  gain score of experimental class was 0.67 and the control class was 0.54 with the medium category. The effectiveness of learning was done by Manova test with the acquisition of sig values. amounting to 0,000 (<0.05). These condition indicated that the media developed was valid, practical and effective to be used in the process of learning science in class VII SMP.
Submissiveness and resistance: Different paradigm between Indonesian language and English
Authors: Ma’u Jean Antunes Rudolf Zico , Fajaruddin Syarief , Lamahala Clara Bianrethny Monolga , Fuadi Choirul , Perdana Satya , Ariyanto Ardi
Published: December 2019

Translation plays greater role in recent time. This phenomenon especially occurs in efforts of bridging meanings and expressions across two different languages or more. In such effort, certainly there should be good understanding toward both the source language and the target language. Unfortunately, the bridge often cannot be constructed well due to the problems of non-equivalence. Therefore, throughout the study the researchers would like to elaborate the techniques that might be used for constructing the bridge between the two languages and the problems that occur during the translation project. In conducting the study, the researchers would strive to translate a copy of presidential decree by applying the selected techniques and by analysing the problems that might appear. The copy of presidential decree had been selected because the copy might not have been available in other languages especially in English. In addition, foreign people and institutions need to learn the decree since they might be doing business that has been associated to the energy in Indonesia. During the study, the researchers applied three techniques and found four problems during the translation project. As conclusion, the researchers found that the three translation techniques have been supporting one to another and the translation problems have been related to the Indonesian culture since the language and culture are inseparable.
Relação entre custos, desempenho e variáveis educacionais do ensino fundamental: um estudo de caso em Ibiporã-PR
Authors: Borinelli Benilson , Amâncio-Vieira Saulo Fabiano , Negreiros Letícia Fernandes de , Pereira Renata Storti , Pereira Raony Rolim Galvão
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo buscou analisar as relações entre os custos e o desempenho das unidades escolares no município de Ibiporã-PR. Como referencial teórico, aborda o uso dos custos na administração pública, bem como índices que mensuram o desempenho educacional. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvida via estudo de caso. Como universo, têm-se as 13 escolas de ensino fundamental, anos iniciais, da cidade de Ibiporã-PR. Apresenta, como resultado, a média do custo mensal por aluno que é de R$ 271,31. Por meio da análise de correlação de Spearman, notou-se que nenhuma das variáveis consideradas estava significativamente correlacionada ao Ideb. No entanto, outras correlações demonstraram dados interessantes, como, por exemplo, a correlação negativa entre custo social e a experiência média dos professores. O fato é que, por ser negativa a correlação, se demonstra que quanto maior o custo social da escola, menos professores experientes se têm nela.Palavras-chave: administração municipal, administração da educação, educação básica, indicador de desempenho, estudo de caso
Treating Children With Speech Sound Disorders: Development of a Tangible Artefact Prototype (Preprint)
Authors: Santos Joaquim , Vairinhos Mário , Jesus Luis M T
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND

A prototype of a tangible user interface (TUI) for a fishing game, which is intended to be used by children with speech sound disorders (SSD), speech and language therapists (SLTs), and kindergarten teachers and assistants (KTAs) and parents alike, has been developed and tested.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to answer the following question: How can TUIs be used as a tool to help in interventions for children with SSD?

METHODS

To obtain feedback and to ensure that the prototype was being developed according to the needs of the identified target users, an exploratory test was prepared and carried out. During this test using an ethnographic approach, an observation grid, a semistructured questionnaire, and interviews were used to gather data. A total of 4 different types of stakeholders (sample size of 10) tested the prototype: 2 SLTs, 2 KTAs, and 6 children.

RESULTS

The analysis of quantitative and qualitative data revealed that the prototype addresses the existing needs of SLTs and KTAs, and it revealed that 5 out of 6 (83%) children enjoyed the activity. Results also revealed a high replay value, with all children saying they would play more.

CONCLUSIONS

Serious games and tangible interaction for learning and problem solving serve both teachers and children, as children enjoy playing, and, through a playful approach, learning is facilitated. A clear pattern was observed: Children enjoyed playing, and numerous valid indicators showed the transposition of the traditional game into the TUI artefact was successful. The game is varied and rich enough to be attractive and fun. There is a clear need and interest in similar objects from SLTs and educators. However, the process should be even more iterative, with a multidisciplinary team, and all end users should be able to participate as co-designers.
Metafora Waktu dan Penalaran Temporal dalam Perspektif Budaya Waktu
Authors: Indirasari Dyah Triarini
Published: December 2019

Time is an abstract concept that can be understood by making an analogy or a metaphor from a more concrete concept such as a spatial construct. Previous research found that people from different cultures and languages constructed time movement differently. In addition, the use of a specific time metaphor tends to activate a different type of temporal reasoning. Time metaphor studies related to Indonesian culture and language are still limited. Although it is known that Indonesians tend to use different temporal reasoning compare to other countries, how their time metaphors may have an impact on their temporal reasoning is still unknown. It is then important to further investigate the effect of time metaphor on time reasoning particularly in different cultural contexts and how it may have impact on people behavior. This paper will discuss some findings in the area of time metaphor and temporal reasoning, including the influence of culture on time conception.