bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Scoliosis Impact on COPD: Worsened Outcomes Due to Lack of Motivational Interviewing and Shared Decision Making
Authors:   NYU Langone Health, New York, NY Rowan-Virtua SOM, Stratford, NJ, Sahni Sidharth , E. Fares Joseph , M. Jhaveri Deval , Patel Kishan ,   NYU Langone Health, New York, NY Rowan-Virtua SOM, Stratford, NJ
Published: January 2025

Lack of meaningful patient communication and patient participation in the plan of care leads to preventable negative
outcomes for advanced COPD in a patient with a history of progressive scoliotic curvature who presented multiple times
with complaints of worsening respiratory symptoms. This case explores how applying a holistic combination of strategies
including motivational interviewing, shared-decision making and proper communication can improve the level of patient
care. Consistent and combinatory approach of these established and validated strategies could have prevented the patient’s
increased symptoms of anxiety, declining quality of life, and need for unnecessary medical testing.
THE EFFECT OF LEADERSHIP STYLE, MOTIVATION, TRAINING, AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON THE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF BATAM CLASS I AGRICULTURAL QUARANTINE CENTER
Authors: Yona Mira , Ariyati Yannik , Majid M. Zainuddin Abd. , Putri Nina Selviani Septia
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of leadership style, motivation, training and work discipline on the performance of Batam Class I Agricultural Quarantine Center employees. The method used in this research is descriptive and quantitative statistics. The sample in this study amounted to 58 respondents who were determined using a census technique and using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. From the data analysis, the results show that leadership style has a significant effect on employee performance with t count (4.236) > t table (1.675), motivation has a significant effect on employee performance with t count (2.005) > t table (1.675), training has no effect on performance employees with t count (1.189) < t table (1.675) and work discipline has a significant effect on employee performance with t count (1.737) > t table (1.675). Simultaneously the results of the F test of leadership style, motivation, training, and work discipline have a significant effect on employee performance at the Class I Agricultural Quarantine Center Batam.
THE SELECTION OF PROCESS SEQUENCE FOR MULTI MACHINE ARRANGED IN SERIES IN THE JOB SHOP INDUSTRY
Authors: Irwan Hery , Rahman Md. Nizam Abd , Binti Ebrahim Zuhriah , Handini Tamara
Published: January 2025

PT. KOP operates within the oil and gas drilling sector, utilizing job shop production scheduling. The company produces 4 primary product types, employing 2 identical machines operated in parallel, as is common in the job shop industry. However, production planning faces challenges, notably delivery delays stemming from inefficient scheduling, indicated by high work-in-process inventory and machine tooling availability issues. This research proposes a series-based machine scheduling method, evaluating dispatching methods such as SPT (Shortest Processing Time), LPT (Longest Processing Time), and the Johnson algorithm. Results demonstrate that the Johnson method outperforms SPT and LPT, minimizing delay times to 1 hour in the first week, 16 hours in the second, 48 hours in the third, and 86 hours in the fourth. By arranging machines in series, tooling requirements are reduced by 50%. Specifically, series machines only require 4 tooling per product, while parallel machines require 8.
Simon MABON, The Struggle for Supremacy in the Middle East: Saudi Arabia and Iran; Ibrahim FRAIHAT, Iran and Saudi Arabia: Taming a Chaotic Conflict; Talal MOHAMMAD, Iranian-Saudi Rivalry Since 1979: In the Words of Kings and Clerics
Authors: Özyakar Ahmet Furkan
Published: January 2025

This review endeavors to identify key themes and critical perspectives discernible in the scholarship of Simon Mabon’s The Struggle for Supremacy in the Middle East: Saudi Arabia and Iran, Ibrahim Fraihat’s Iran and Saudi Arabia: Taming a Chaotic Conflict, and Talal Mohammad’s Iranian-Saudi Rivalry since 1979: In the Words of Kings and Clerics, who have meticulously investigated Iranian-Saudi relations in the Middle Eastern context. Since the Islamic Revolution of 1979, bilateral relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have assumed paramount importance in elucidating the multifaceted political, religious, cultural, economic, and societal dynamics of the Middle East. The post-revolutionary trajectory brought a volte-face to relations, instigating a protracted period of rivalry and conflict spanning four decades, thereby catalyzing the escalation of conflicts across the Middle East. Both countries perceive each other as existential security threats, while concurrently aspiring for regional hegemony. Amidst this backdrop, seminal events such as Saudi Arabia’s support of Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988), the recalibration of the political landscape after the United States (US)-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, the reverberations of the Arab Spring, the execution of Nimr al-Nimr in 2016, and the Yemen Civil War have markedly intensified the discord in bilateral relations between Riyadh and Tehran. Although there have been short periods of restrained rapprochement and diplomatic overtures, the prevailing atmosphere of acrimony and relentless pursuit of dominance, both regionally and within the greater Islamic sphere, determine the framework of their relations. Consequently, pejorative labels such as “suspicion”, “infidel”, “enemy”, and “confrontation” often feature in describing the complicated dynamics characterizing Saudi-Iranian relations.
Transformation of Turkish-Russian Relations: Rivalry and Cooperation in Eurasia and the Levant
Authors: Aydın Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Relations between Russia and Türkiye have developed considerably since the end of the Cold War. What began as energy trade in the late 1980s evolved into cooperation in business, energy, construction, tourism, politics and even security. Behind the ever-expanding cooperation lies a mistrust fueled by historical enmity and regional rivalry that occasionally leads to confrontation. As the two countries seek to shape their competitive cooperation beyond the current geopolitical challenges and constraints of regional security and alliances, the question of whether they could find ways to advance their partnership is of paramount importance and has regional and global implications. This paper seeks to understand how they have managed their conflict-ridden past to develop a modus operandi in the post-Cold War world by proposing a new conceptual model, namely “competitive cooperation” or “coopetition”, to understand the relationship that developed over the last 30 years in different geographical regions.
Assessment of Sensitivity and Specificity of Ultrasound Examination in Correlation to Intraoperative and Pathological Finding in Diagnosis of Morbidly Adherent Placenta
Authors: Yehia Amr Helmy , Mansour Safaa Elhoussiny Mahmoud , Hassan Nashwa Elsaeed , El Ghareeb Nermeen Ahmed Mostafa
Published: January 2025

Background: The term morbidly adherent placenta denotes an abnormal implantation of the placenta within the uterine wall and has been implemented to describe placenta accreta, increta, and percreta.

Aim of the Work: To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound imaging in the prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta.

Patients and Methods: After ethical committee approval and informed consent from the patients, this cross-sectional study was conducted at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital from March 2022 to January 2023 and performed on 40 women who underwent cesarean section for placenta previa.

Results: As regards the intraoperative findings, our study results revealed that difficulty in placental separation was detected in (80.0%), Placental bed sutures were performed in (62.5%)-partial removal of the placental bed (20.0%). Tubal ligation was performed in 15.0%, Uterine artery ligation in 100.0%, Internal iliac ligation in 5.0%, Bladder injury in 10.0%; Emergency hysterectomy was performed in 27.5%, and Blood transfusion (57.5%).

Conclusion: Prenatal ultrasound is the best screening tool for a morbidly adherent placenta, and the present simple ultrasound parameters may be highly predictive of such a placenta, allowing for adequate antenatal risk assessment. It is helpful for patient counseling and delivery planning with a multidisciplinary team approach, all of which may ultimately improve pregnancy outcomes in women at risk of a morbidly adherent placenta.
Eternity Descending into Time: Badiou and the Cinematic Temporality of Love
Authors: Zeng Lu
Published: January 2025

This article brings Alain Badiou’s philosophy of love and truth into the consideration of the cinematic real. It argues that love has been overlooked in the discourse of the cinematic real and that love should be recuperated in and for cinema so that a version of the cinematic real informed by Badiou’s philosophy can emerge. Differing from the Althusserian–Lacanian concept of the real or reality, Badiou’s version of the cinematic real is infused with intensity and contingency; it accommodates love and endorses cinephilia. For Badiou, the temporality of love and any truth-procedure is one of eternity descending into time, which can roughly be understood as an affective experience of sensing the presence of eternity in fleeting moments. Specifically, this article explores how Badiou’s truth manifests in cinema through a temporality of love using examples from Mauvais Sang (Leos Carax, 1986) and In the Mood for Love (Wong Kar Wai, 2000).
Identification of Mercury (Hg) Metal Content in Cempaka Diamond Mining Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) Method
Authors: Indryani Hana , Alawiyah Tuti , Hidayah Nur
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang : Pencemaran merkuri akibat pendulangan intan terjadi pada saat proses pengolahan yang mengakibatkan sisa tailing berserakan pada saat pembuangan dan pada saat reservoir sudah penuh dan dialirkan ke sungai. Kandungan logam berat berbahaya dan dapat menimbulkan dampak kesehatan bagi manusia jika merkuri masuk ke dalam perairan. Sehingga sangat penting untuk mendeteksi seberapa besar kandungan logam merkuri pada perairan pendulang intan. Air pendulangan Intan Cempaka sering dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk kehidupan sehari-hari seperti mandi, mencuci pakaian dan lain-lain.
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah perairan di area pendulangan intan mengandung logam merkuri (Hg).
Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik. Penelitian analitik ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kadar logam merkuri (Hg) secara berkala pada titik-titik tertentu. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah perairan pendulangan Intan Cempaka.
Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil analisa kualitatif terdapat kandungan logam berat merkuri (Hg) pada perairan Kolam Intan Cempaka yang ditandai dengan adanya endapan putih pada pereaksi HCl dan perubahan warna menjadi merah bata pada pereaksi KI, namun pada pereaksi NaOH tidak ada perubahan yang terjadi. Hasil analisis kuantitatif menunjukkan kadar logam berat merkuri (Hg) sebesar 0,745 µg/L.
Kesimpulan: Perairan Intan Cempaka Panning secara kualitatif positif mengandung merkuri (Hg) dan secara kuantitatif terdapat kadar logam berat merkuri (Hg) sebesar 0,745 µg/L.
Uji Aktivitas Antifungi Ekstrak Kulit Batang Tanaman Kenanga (Cananga odorata) Terhadap Jamur Malassezia furfur
Authors: Intan Intan , Nastiti Kunti , Aryzki Saftia , Darsono Putri Vidiasari
Published: January 2025

Latar belakang: Salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat dalam dunia pengobatan adalah tanaman kenanga (Cananga odorata), yaitu kulit batang tanaman kenanga yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat Kapuas Kalimantan Tengah untuk mengobati penyakit seperti panu yang disebabkan oleh jamur Malassezia furfur.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui identifikasi Uji aktivitas antifungi ekstrak kulit batang tanaman kenanga (Cananga odorata) terhadap jamur Malassezia furfur serta Menentukan konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM) ekstrak kulit batang tanaman kenanga (Cananga odorata) terhadap jamur Malassezia furfurMetode: Motode penelitian Menggunakan metode Eksperimental menggunakan jamur Malassezia furfur. Ekstrak kulit batang kenanga (Cananga odorata) dilakukan skrinning fitokimia seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid/steroid, tannin dan saponin. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 kelompok perlakuan yang terdiri dari kontrol positif (ketoconazole 200 mg), kontrol negatif (DMSO) serta ekstrak kulit batang kenanga (Cananga odorata) pada konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100% dengan perlakuan difusi cakram dan dilusi.Hasil: Ekstrak kulit batang tanaman kenanga (cananga odorata) terdapat beberapa kandungan metabolit sekunder seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, tannin saponin serta memiliki aktivitas daya hambat dengan metode difusi cakram dengan rata-rata diameter sebesar 25,85 mm dilakukan pengujian antifungi dengan metode dilusi dengan nilai KHM 25% dan belum terdapat KBM terhadap jamur Malassezia furfurSimpulan: Ekstrak kulit batang tanaman kenanga (Cananga odorata) terdapat aktivitas antifungi terhadap jamur Malassezia furfur
Cost Minimization Analysis (CMA) Penggunaan Obat Amlodipine Dan Captopril Pada Pasien Hipertensi di RSUD Sultan Suriansyah Banjarmasin
Authors: Azizah Siti , Yuwindry Iwan , Ikeh Tri Sulapmi D. , Melviani Melviani
Published: January 2025

Latar belakang: Hipertensi adalah salah satu masalah serius saat ini yang dikenal sebagai silent killer, serta prevalensi di seluruh dunia hipertensi sangat tinggi sehingga berpotensi meningkatkan biaya pengobatan yang harus ditanggung oleh pasien maka dari itu pengobatan hipertensi yang minimal dapat pengurangi tingginya angka kejadian hipertensi.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui biaya penggunaan obat amlodipin dan kaptopril yang paling cost-minimze pada pasien hipertensi di instalasi rawat jalan RSUD Sultan Suriansyah Banjarmasin.Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode analtik observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan rekam medis dan rincian biaya obat di bagian farmasi, dan kuitansi di bagian keuangan pada pasien hipertensi di instalasi rawat jalan yang mendapatkan pengobatan amlodipin dan kaptopril di RSUD Sultan Suriansyah Banjarmasin. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 38 pasien. Komponen biaya yang dikumpulkan adalah biaya medik langsung meliputi jumlah biaya pengobatan antihipertensi, biaya pengobatan penyakit penyerta, biaya administrasi, dan biaya konsultasi.Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan rata-rata biaya total medik langsung kelompok amlodipin sebesar Rp.98.491 dan kelompok kaptopril sebesar Rp.109.613.Simpulan: Berdasarkan perhitungan cost minimization analysis dari 2 terapi obat antihipertensi yang cost minimize adalah obat amlodipin tablet 10 mg dibandingkan dengan kaptopril tablet 25 mg
Determination Of Total Alkaloid Content Of Chinese Betel (Peperomia pellucida) Based On Differences In Ethanol Concentration Using Uv-Vis Spectrophotometry Method
Authors: Alfi Tegar Fernanda
Published: January 2025

Background: The Chinese betel plant (Peperomia pellucida) is used by the community as a potential plant because it contains many benefits, one of which contains alkaloid compounds. Alkaloids have the ability to help heal wounds because the active compounds contained in alkaloids have antioxidant activity so that improved wound healing by Chinese betel plants (Peperomia pellucida) can be caused by the action of free radicals in increasing levels of antioxidant enzymes. This research will use the maceration extraction method using 70% ethanol and 96% ethanol solvents which will be carried out using the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method.Objective: Determine differences in alkaloid levels of Chinese betel (Peperomia pellucida) based on differences in ethanol.Methods: This study is an experimental study. The dependent variable is the total alkaloid content of Chinese betel, while the independent variable is the difference in ethanol concentration.Results: Alkaloid levels in each ethanol, namely, in 70% ethanol it was 21,11%, and in 96% ethanol it was 42,413%. From these results it can be seen that the highest alkaloid levels are found in the 96% ethanol extract.Conclusion: There are differences in results between 70% ethanol extract and 96% ethanol extract.
Formulasi Sediaan Sabun Cair Dari Ekstrak Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa normalis L) Dengan Basis Minyak Inti Kelapa Sawit (Palm Carnel Oil)
Authors: Hermawan Gt Yudha , Noval Noval , Hidayah Nur , Audina Mia
Published: January 2025

Latar belakang: kosmetik perawatan kulit adalah pembersih tubuh yang biasa disebut sabun. Sabun tersedia dalam bentuk sediaan dan tersedia dalam bentuk sediaan padat dan cair. Sabun cair merupakan sediaan yang banyak dipasarkan karena lebih mudah penggunaannya, kelebihan sabun cair adalah mudah dibawa, disimpan, dan lebih higienis serta tidak cepat kotor.Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi minyak inti kelapa sawit (Palm karnel oil) terhadap formulasi optimal pada formulasi sabun cair ekstrak kulit pisang kepok (Musa normalis L) berdasarkan hasil evaluasi fisikokimiaMetode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dan rancangan penelitian yang dilakukan adalah dengan perlakuan atau intervensi yang kemudian melakukan desain quasi experimental design dengan rancangan Non-equivalent control group design dan one group posttest-only designHasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sediaan sabun cair dari ekstrak kulit pisang kepok (musa normalis l) dengan variasi minyak inti kelapa sawit  menunjukkan memiliki pengaruh terhadap organoleptik,homogenitas, pH, viskositas, tinggi busa.Simpulan: Dari keempat  formula tersebut dalam pembuatan sediaan sabun cair ekstrak kulit pisang kepok dengan variasi konsentrasi minyak inti kelapa sawit dari hasil semua evaluasi fisikokimia didapatkan hasil yang terbaik pada formula 1.
The Founder of Russian Cybernetics and Informatics Anatoly Ivanovich Kitov (on the 105th Anniversary of Birth)
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia, Kitov Vladimir A.
Published: January 2025

V. I. Vidyapin, President of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics,
titled his article about Anatoly Ivanovich Kitov "Born to be the First" [12].
And this is no coincidence. A. I. Kitov is the creator and head of the first
computer department in the USSR (1952, at the Academy of Artillery
Sciences) and the Computing Center (1954, Computing Center No. 1 of
the USSR Ministry of Defense). He is the author of the first in the USSR:
a dissertation on programming on the topic "Programming the problems
of external ballistics of long-range missiles" (1952), articles on the use
of computers. In 1953, A. I. Kitov published a pioneering detailed article
"Application of electronic computers" in the scientific journal "Bulletin of
the F. E. Dzerzhinsky Artillery Academy". This was the first article on this
topic in the country; a positive article "The Main Features of Cybernetics"
about the "pseudoscience" of cybernetics in the USSR (1955); a domestic
book about programming, computers and their applications (1956, the
book "Electronic Digital Machines"); the first projects and works on
On the Question of the Evolution of the Concept of State Infrastructure
Authors:   Russian University of Transport, Moscow, Russia, abp-rut@yandex.ru, Terentyev Vitaly A.
Published: January 2025

The presented article is a detailed overview of the features and features of
social infrastructure, as well as its evolution, since the middle of the twentieth
century. At the beginning of the article, a brief introduction to the topic is given,
including the formulation of the problems of the topic under consideration.
This is followed by an overview of information sources, within which there
is an explanation in favor of choosing certain materials. After that, a block is
provided with the research methods used in writing this work. The following
describes the features characteristic of the concept of social infrastructure.
This, in turn, helps to create a classification system within which it is possible
to consider more detailed important aspects of the infrastructure. The final
part is the analysis of infrastructure features and infrastructure projects. The
difficulties associated with financing and economic benefits in this area are
considered. The article also provides an example of the role of infrastructure
in agriculture and in modern life in general.
Transformation of the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC) into the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU): problems of transition and trajectories of evolution
Authors:   Academy of Basic Training of the Russian University of Transport, Moscow, Russia, Kochetkov Egor E.
Published: January 2025

This article describes the history and activities of the Eurasian
Economic Community (EurZaEC), prospects and problems of its
development. The Maastricht Treaty, which became decisive for the
development of European states, is considered in detail. In addition,
special attention is paid to agreements adopted before the emergence of
the EurAsEC. Their main aspects are considered, which make it possible
to determine the nature of economic relations between countries. Based
on the agreements on the establishment of the EurAsEC and its priority
areas, the main goals of the formed organization are highlighted,
concerning the technical, transport, economic, agricultural spheres and
natural resources. For each of the items presented, actions or programs
drawn up by the community of countries to improve the current situation
at that time are considered. At the end of the article, the problems that
led to the further disbandment of the EurAsEC are described. There are
such aspects as weak competitiveness, unequal budget and different
levels of economic development; which, despite the ambitious plans
of the states, have become serious obstacles to the activities of the
EurAsEC, which was soon replaced by a new association – the Eurasian
Economic Union (EAEU). Thus, the article is an excursion into the history
of the emergence of the EurAsEC, the adopted resolutions before
and during its existence, the prospects and problems of the created
organization, which became a stage towards the formation of economic
integration.
Reliability of hand dimensions and mandibular canine index as indicators in sex determination
Authors: Nalini B. , Gadhamsetty Mahima , Sai Shankar A. J. , Pranitha K.
Published: January 2025

Sex determination of the deceased is a challenging task for forensic experts, especially in medico-legal investigations involving dismembered human remains. In circumstances where isolated hand and teeth are available, they aids in individual's sex determination. Hand anthropometry includes hand index (HI), ratio of Index finger and ring finger length (IFL RFL), odontometry includes mandibular canine index (MCI) are all regarded as methods for determining an individual's sex. To determine the role of HI, IFL RFL and MCI in determining sex of an individual.

One sixty-eight children of both the genders (n 84 in each group) aged 5-10 years were selected. Direct measurements of hand and tooth dimensions were taken using a Vernier caliper, a divider and a ruler. HI, IFL: RFL and MCI and were calculated using their specific formulae.

The mean value of right and left IFL RFL were less in males than in females, Whereas, HI and MCI were more. Statistically significant difference was observed between right and left HI, IFL RFL and left MCI (P 0.05). HI and MCI values 25.6 and 0.25 are suggestive of females where as it was more in males. IFL RFL 0.37 is indicative of males and the value is high in females. Conclusion: This study suggests that HI, IFL RFL and MCI can be used for accurate determination of sex in an individual.

Key Words: Anthropometry, Hand dimensions, Mandibular canine width. Odontometry
Genomic signatures of selection in Brangus cattle revealing the genetic foundations of adaptability and production traits using a breed of origin approach
Authors: Zayas Gabriel A. , Mateescu Raluca G.
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The composite breed Brangus combines the resilience and adaptability of the Bos t. indicus breed Brahman with the superior meat quality and fertility traits of the Bos t. taurus breed Angus. Its diverse genetics not only enables optimal production performance but also adaptability to hot and humid environmental conditions. From a research perspective, this makes Brangus an ideal model for identifying genomic signatures that reveal the effects of both artificial selection and natural adaptation. The aim of this study was to detect genomic signatures of selection by analyzing changes in breed origin of allele (BOA) frequencies across the genome.

Methods

Using a multi-breed Angus and Brahman herd (n = 4,516) as a reference, population structure was measured via principal component analysis and admixture analysis in two commercial Brangus herds (n = 4,720). BOA was estimated in these herds using LAMP-LD, followed by a signature of selection analysis utilizing a median-based Z-score approach and Fst analyses to detect genomic regions under selection.

Results

The analysis revealed a genome-wide increase in Angus ancestry in both Brangus populations (71.46%, 68.7%), reflecting intense selection for traits associated with this lineage. BOA-based intra- and inter-population analyses identified significant shifts in Brahman and Angus ancestry across the genome, indicating potential selection for breed-specific genetics. Key genomic regions were identified on chromosomes 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 17, 18, 19, 27, and 28, and were linked to traits such as fertility, growth, heat tolerance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality.

Discussion

Expected genes showing signatures of selection included MC1R, responsible for black coat color, and PLAG1, integral to growth, fertility, and carcass traits, underscoring the effectiveness of this methodology. Novel genes under selection, such as CCNB2 (critical for fertility), MTCH2 (associated with meat quality and fertility) and PRLR (associated with coat length and heat tolerance), were also identified. These findings provide deeper insights into the genetic mechanisms driving adaptation and production performance in cattle and offer valuable information for strategic breeding practices aimed at optimizing the strengths of both parental breeds.
ATF4-mediated expression of NOXA is critical for necroptosis driven by glucose deprivation
Authors: Sonkaew Sasiprapa , Rajna Ruwaida , Park Yeon-Ji , Yan Jiong , Liu Zhaoshan , Jitkaew Siriporn , Liu Zheng-Gang , Choksi Swati
Published: January 2025

Glucose deprivation (GD), a common metabolic stress condition, has been recognized as a potent inducer of necroptotic cell death. Our previous findings suggested that the mitochondrial protein, Noxa, may be involved in mediating the release of mitochondrial DNA during GD-induced ZBP1-dependent necroptotic pathway. However, the functional significance of Noxa in necroptosis under GD treatment remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of Noxa in GD-induced necroptosis and the underlying molecular mechanisms governing its expression. We revealed that Noxa is required for the induction of necroptosis under GD. We also demonstrated that the upregulation of Noxa induced by GD is mediated by ATF4, a key transcription factor. These results provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying Noxa dynamics during GD treatment and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer therapy and necroptosis-related diseases.
Trafficking in cancer: from gene deregulation to altered organelles and emerging biophysical properties
Authors: Patat Julie , Schauer Kristine , Lachuer Hugo
Published: January 2025

Intracellular trafficking supports all cell functions maintaining the exchange of material between membrane-bound organelles and the plasma membrane during endocytosis, cargo sorting, and exocytosis/secretion. Several proteins of the intracellular trafficking machinery are deregulated in diseases, particularly cancer. This complex and deadly disease stays a heavy burden for society, despite years of intense research activity. Here, we give an overview about trafficking proteins and highlight that in addition to their molecular functions, they contribute to the emergence of intracellular organelle landscapes. We review recent evidence of organelle landscape alterations in cancer. We argue that focusing on organelles, which represent the higher-order, cumulative behavior of trafficking regulators, could help to better understand, describe and fight cancer. In particular, we propose adopting a physical framework to describe the organelle landscape, with the goal of identifying the key parameters that are crucial for a stable and non-random organelle organization characteristic of healthy cells. By understanding these parameters, we may gain insights into the mechanisms that lead to a pathological organelle spatial organization, which could help explain the plasticity of cancer cells.
Determination of synbiotic mango fruit yogurt and its bioactive peptides for biofunctional properties
Authors: Minj Jagrani , Vij Shilpa
Published: January 2025

Yogurt is one of the most popular fermented milk products consumed worldwide. Fortification of yogurt with different food components, including fruit pulp, is a common practice to make it more palatable and healthier. In India, mango fruit is easily available. It is rich in nutrients and bioactive components. However, in-depth studies on mango fruit yogurt are scarce. Therefore, in this study, we prepared synbiotic mango fruit yogurt using response surface methodology (RSM) with three different independent factors (sugar 4%–6%; prebiotic inulin 1%–3%, and mango pulp 5%–15%) to determine the response antioxidant activity. The optimal conditions were as follows: sugar 6%, mango fruit pulp 6.562%, and prebiotic inulin 1%. There were no significant differences between the results of the experimental and predicted values of antioxidant activity by this model. The optimized product was analyzed for physicochemical, biofunctional, and technofunctional properties, including total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, proteolytic activity, antioxidant activity, and ACE-inhibitory activity. The bioactive peptides derived from synbiotic mango fruit yogurt were also extracted (3 kDa, 5 kDa and 10 kDa) and determined for their biofunctional attributes. The antioxidant activity was recorded as 1,047.95 ± 2.20 mmol/L, 1,208.07 ± 2.92 mmol/L, and 1,293.09 ± 1.10 mmol/L Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, while ACE-inhibitory activity was 45.68% ± 1.23%, 64.20% ± 1.24% and 82.72% ± 1.24% inhibition in 3 kDa, 5 kDa, and 10 kDa, respectively. The 10 kDa bioactive peptide exhibited superior results than the 3 kDa and 5 kDa peptides. The synbiotic mango fruit yogurt and its bioactive peptides showed significant biofunctional activities.
Innovative determination of phytohormones in Aloe vera
Authors: Hakeem Muhammad K. , Maraqa Meera , Elangovan Sampath K. , Saeed Esam Eldin , Mishra Ajay Kumar , Hazzouri Khaled M. , Shah Iltaf , Amiri Khaled M. A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Aloe vera is widely known for its therapeutic properties, but concerns regarding the levels of phytohormones and their potential impact on human health highlight the need for advanced analytical techniques. This study aims to develop and validate a sensitive method for the determination of six key phytohormones in Aloe vera using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Methods

A validated LC-MS/MS method was optimized for the determination and quantification of six phytohormones in Aloe vera: Abscisic Acid (ABA), Salicylic Acid (SA), Indole-3-Acetic Acid (I3AA), Gibberellic Acid (GA), 6-Benzylaminopurine (6BAP), and Isopentenyladenine (ISA). The sample extraction process and mobile phase composition were optimized to enhance chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry sensitivity. A C-18 column was used for separation, and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was employed for quantification. The method’s performance was assessed in terms of linearity, sensitivity, and limits of detection.

Results

The LC-MS/MS method exhibited excellent linearity (R2 > 0.99) and low limits of detection for all six phytohormones. Four of the six analytes were identified as predominant in Aloe vera. Quantitative analysis showed that ABA was the most abundant phytohormone, with a median concentration of 8.39 ng/mL, followed by I3AA (4.32 ng/mL), SA (3.16 ng/mL), and GA (1.55 ng/mL).

Discussion

This study provides a comprehensive and validated LC-MS/MS method for profiling phytohormones in Aloe vera. The results underscore the significant role of ABA, I3AA, SA, and GA in the plant's hormonal profile, offering a valuable tool for the analysis of phytohormonal content in Aloe vera and other plant species. The method is particularly beneficial for addressing health-related concerns regarding the presence and concentration of phytohormones in Aloe vera.
Discovery of novel PRMT1 inhibitors: a combined approach using AI classification model and traditional virtual screening
Authors: Zhang Jungan , Ren Yixin , Teng Yun , Wu Han , Xue Jingsu , Chen Lulu , Song Xiaoyue , Li Yan , Zhou Ying , Pang Zongran , Wang Hao
Published: January 2025

Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) play crucial roles in gene regulation, signal transduction, mRNA splicing, DNA repair, cell differentiation, and embryonic development. Due to its significant impact, PRMTs is a target for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Among the PRMT family, PRMT1 is the most abundant and ubiquitously expressed in the human body. Although extensive research has been conducted on PRMT1, the reported inhibitors have not successfully passed clinical trials. In this study, deep learning was employed to analyze the characteristics of existing PRMTs inhibitors and to construct a classification model for PRMT1 inhibitors. Through a classification model and molecular docking, a series of potential PRMT1 inhibitors were identified. The representative compound (compound 156) demonstrates stable binding to the PRMT1 protein by molecular hybridization, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy analyses. The study discovered novel scaffolds for potential PRMT1 inhibitors.
Impact of HIV on HPV-related cancers in men who have sex with men: a review
Authors: Zhang Zixuan , Xing Yuying , Gong Tingdan , Li Wanlin , Zhang Siwei , Wei Lanlan
Published: January 2025

Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) significantly increases the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV-related cancers among men who have sex with men (MSM). Conversely, HPV infection can also influence HIV acquisition rates. HIV-induced immune suppression may affect chromosomal stability, gene expression, protein function and other molecular components in MSM with HPV-related cancers. Additionally, HIV infection also alters cellular mechanisms by compromising immune responses and epithelial integrity. In this review, we reviewed the influence of HIV on specific HPV-related cancers in MSM, including oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, penile cancer, and anal cancer. We integrated epidemiological data from the past five years and discussed diagnosis and treatment strategies. Overall, our review offers crucial insights into the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of these co-infection MSM patients. Our review aims to assist future research in developing effective treatment strategies for MSM with HIV/HPV co-infection.
Vitamin D supplementation during intensive care unit stay is associated with improved outcomes in critically Ill patients with sepsis: a cohort study
Authors: Li Caifeng , Zhao Ke , Ren Qian , Chen Lin , Zhang Ying , Wang Guolin , Xie Keliang
Published: January 2025

Background

Patients with vitamin D deficiency are susceptible to increased microbial infection and increased risk of mortality. However, whether vitamin D supplementation would improve their prognosis remains uncertain.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from MIMIC-IV database, a publicly available database containing clinical information on patients admitted to the ICU at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) from 2008 to 2019. Adult patients with sepsis were included in the analysis. The exposure factor was vitamin D supplementation during the ICU stay. The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality. Both propensity score matching (PSM) and stepwise regression analyses were employed to adjust for potential confounders.

Results

A total of 20230 eligible patients were enrolled in the entire unmatched cohort, and 8710 patients were included in the matched cohort. In PSM analysis, the 28-day all-cause mortality rate was 14.04% (250/1780) in the vitamin D group and 22.31% (1546/6930) in the no vitamin D group. Vitamin D supplementation was associated with decreased 28-day all-cause mortality (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.49-0.64; p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed consistent benefits regardless of the baseline vitamin D status (deficiency: HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.33-1.50; p = 0.36; insufficiency: HR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.34; p < 0.001; sufficiency: HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.12-0.88; p = 0.03). Additionally, vitamin D supplementation was associated with decreased ICU mortality (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.29-0.48; p < 0.001) and reduced in-hospital mortality (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.48-0.68; p < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis using the unmatched cohort confirmed these findings (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.43-0.76; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Vitamin D supplementation may reduce mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis. However, further high-quality prospective studies are still needed to validate these findings.
Population genetic analysis of clinical Mycobacterium abscessus complex strains in China
Authors: Li Xiangchen , Zhu Yelei , Lu Yewei , Wu Kunyang , Che Yang , Wang Xiaomeng , Wang Weixin , Gao Junli , Gao Junshun , Liu Zhengwei , Zhou Zhuxian
Published: January 2025

Background

To explore the genetic characteristics of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) population in China, given its rising clinical importance among nontuberculous mycobacteria.

Methods

We conducted population genetic analyses on 360 MABC genomes from China, focusing on core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST), pan-genome characterization, population genetics, and antimicrobial resistance gene profiling.

Results

Our analysis identified 273 M. abscessus subsp. abscessus (MabA) and 87 M. abscessus subsp. massiliense (MabM) isolates, uncovering 68 sequence types (STs), with ST5 being the most common. cgMLST classified 33.3% of isolates into six dominant circulating clones (DCCs) and 49.4% into 59 genomic clusters at a threshold of 25 different alleles, including 18 international clusters linking Chinese isolates with seven other countries. The MABC pan-genome is open, with MabA exhibiting greater accessory gene diversity and higher gene turnover compared to MabM. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as prophages and genomic islands, were prevalent across all genomes. 139 to 151 virulence factors (VFs) were identified per genome, with distinct accessory VFs in MabA and MabM affecting immune modulation and metabolism. Resistance gene profiling revealed ubiquitous mtrA, RbpA, and blaMAB, with MabA-specific erm(41) conferring resistance to macrolides and β-lactams. Common rrs and rrl gene mutations indicated widespread resistance to aminoglycosides and macrolides, while gyrA mutations suggested emerging fluoroquinolone resistance. An acquired erm(46) gene, likely obtained via phage-mediated horizontal gene transfer, was detected in one MabA strain.

Conclusion

This study provides key genetic insights into the dynamics of MABC in China. The widespread distribution of DCCs, high genomic clustering rates, open pan-genome, and distinct resistance patterns between MabA and MabM, along with MGEs, highlight the need for targeted surveillance and tailored therapies to address emerging challenges in MABC infections.
Computational biology and artificial intelligence in mRNA vaccine design for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Imani Saber , Li Xiaoyan , Chen Keyi , Maghsoudloo Mazaher , Jabbarzadeh Kaboli Parham , Hashemi Mehrdad , Khoushab Saloomeh , Li Xiaoping
Published: January 2025

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines offer an adaptable and scalable platform for cancer immunotherapy, requiring optimal design to elicit a robust and targeted immune response. Recent advancements in bioinformatics and artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly enhanced the design, prediction, and optimization of mRNA vaccines. This paper reviews technologies that streamline mRNA vaccine development, from genomic sequencing to lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation. We discuss how accurate predictions of neoantigen structures guide the design of mRNA sequences that effectively target immune and cancer cells. Furthermore, we examine AI-driven approaches that optimize mRNA-LNP formulations, enhancing delivery and stability. These technological innovations not only improve vaccine design but also enhance pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, offering promising avenues for personalized cancer immunotherapy.
The histone methyltransferase DOT1B is dispensable for stage differentiation and macrophage infection of Leishmania mexicana
Authors: Eisenhuth Nicole , Rauh Elisa Theres , Mitnacht Melina , Debus Andrea , Schleicher Ulrike , Butter Falk , Pruzinova Katerina , Volf Petr , Janzen Christian J.
Published: January 2025

Conserved histone methyltransferases of the DOT1 family are involved in replication regulation, cell cycle progression, stage differentiation, and gene regulation in trypanosomatids. However, the specific functions of these enzymes depend on the host evasion strategies of the parasites. In this study, we investigated the role of DOT1B in Leishmania mexicana, focusing on life cycle progression and infectivity. In contrast to Trypanosoma brucei, in which DOT1B is essential for the differentiation of mammal-infective bloodstream forms to insect procyclic forms, L. mexicana DOT1B (LmxDOT1B) is not critical for the differentiation of promastigotes to amastigotes in vitro. Additionally, there are no significant differences in the ability to infect or differentiate in macrophages or sand fly vectors between the LmxDOT1B-depleted and control strains. These findings highlight the divergence of the function of DOT1B in these related parasites, suggesting genus-specific adaptations in the use of histone modifications for life cycle progression and host adaptation processes.
Interrelation between hypoxic liver injury and Killip classification in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients
Authors: Choi Seong Huan , Jang Ji-Hun , Kim Dae-Young , Suh Young Ju , Baek Yong-Soo , Shin Sung-Hee , Woo Seong-Ill , Kim Dae-Hyeok , Moon Jeonggeun , Suh Jon , Kang WoongChol , Park Sang-Don , Kwon Sung Woo
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Hypoxic liver injury (HLI) and Killip classification are poor prognostic factors in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study investigates the interrelationship between hypoxic liver injury (HLI) and Killip classification.

Method and results

A total of 1,537 STEMI patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from 2007 to 2014 at four tertiary hospitals in the Incheon-Bucheon province were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into four groups based on their Killip classification at presentation in the emergency room (ER). HLI was defined as a ≥2-fold increase in serum aspartate transaminase (AST). The incidence of HLI showed incremental tendency with respect to the Killip classification (19.5%, 19.4%, 34.6%, and 37.8%, respectively; p < 0.001). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was below 45% in symptomatic, overt heart failure patients (Killip class II, III, and IV). Both initial and peak AST levels increased in accordance with Killip classification along with cardiac biomarkers. In-hospital mortality was directly related to Killip classification (2.3%, 7.3%, 16.3%, 29.2%) with statistical significance. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the presence of HLI and combined Killip classification III and IV were poor prognostic factors, even after adjusting for conventional clinical risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that combination of HLI and Killip classification was the most sensitive predictor of mortality (AUC 0.832, 95% CI 0.78–0.882). Kaplan–Meier curve showed that patients with HLI and Killip class (III and IV) had the lowest event-free survival regarding in-hospital mortality and major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.

Conclusions

The presence of HLI and Killip classification were directly related to worse prognosis in STEMI patients. Early recognition of HLI and accurate assessment of Killip classification is warranted for effective management of STEMI.
Motivational interviewing intervention for the management of hypertension: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Ju , Gu Xiaoyan , Gu Jiaying , Zhao Lijuan , Li Mianxian , Hong Cheng
Published: January 2025

Background

Improving medication compliance and self-efficacy in hypertensive patients is of significant importance for their prognosis. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the role of motivational interviewing in reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure, self-efficacy, quality of life and medication adherence in hypertensive patients.

Methods

Two authors searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Weipu and Wanfang Database up to May 28, 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the role of motivational interviewing on hypertensive patients. The search was restricted to articles published in English and Chinese languages. RevMan 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results

A total of 16 RCTs were included. The meta-analysis findings demonstrate that motivational interviewing could reduce both systolic pressure [MD = −3.26, 95% CI (−5.16, −1.36), P < 0.001] and diastolic blood pressure [MD = −1.78, 95% CI (−3.48, −0.08), P < 0.001] levels in hypertensive patients, while simultaneously enhancing their self-efficacy [MD = 2.92, 95% CI (1.84, 4.00), P = 0.001], quality of life [MD = 6.99, 95% CI (3.25, 10.74), P = 0.003], and medication compliance [OR = 4.30, 95% CI (1.53, 12.10), P = 0.003]. No significant publication bias across the synthesized outcomes were found by Egger regression analyses (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Motivational interviewing has been shown to effectively reduce blood pressure in the short term among individuals with hypertension, while simultaneously enhancing their self-efficacy, quality of life, and adherence to medication regimens.
Case Report: A crushing sensation—a rare case of mediastinal germ cell tumor causing cardiac tamponade
Authors: Tang Kevin S. , Zargarian Emin , Patel Pranav M.
Published: January 2025

Cardiac tamponade often presents as external compression of the heart by pericardial fluid, leading to hemodynamic instability, but it can rarely be caused by compression by a solid mass. In this report, we present a case of tamponade-like physiology resulting from a large mediastinal tumor. This is an unusual phenomenon that is rarely described in the literature, and its optimal management remains controversial. This report reviews the clinical considerations for this rare pathophysiology; definitive therapy requires the involvement of a multidisciplinary approach for hemodynamic optimization and mass removal.