bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Early Introduction of Core and Discretionary Foods in Australian Infants—Results from HSHK Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Manohar Narendar , Hayen Andrew , Bhole Sameer , Arora Amit
Published: January 2020

Early introduction of complementary foods can have a detrimental impact on children’s long-term health. This study examined the timing and determinants of early introduction of core and discretionary foods among infants in Sydney, Australia. Mothers (n = 1035) from an ongoing population-based birth cohort study were interviewed at 8, 17, 34 and 52 weeks postpartum. The outcome was ‘age at which particular core and discretionary food items were first introduced’. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate family and infant-related determinants of early introduction of core (<17 weeks of age) and discretionary foods (<52 weeks of age). Of the 934 mother-infant dyads interviewed, 12% (n = 113) of infants were introduced core foods before 17 weeks of age (median: 22). Mothers working part-time (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 3.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54–7.62) and those exclusively formula-feeding their babies at four-weeks postpartum (adjusted OR 3.26, 95% CI: 1.99–5.33) were most likely to introduce core foods early. Ninety-five percent (n = 858) of infants were introduced discretionary foods before 52 weeks of age (median: 28). Low socio-economic status was significantly associated with early introduction of discretionary foods (adjusted OR: 3.72, 95% CI: 1.17–11.78). Compliance with infant feeding guidelines related to core foods was better; however, discretionary foods were introduced early in most infants.
p-Methoxycinnamic Acid Diesters Lower Dyslipidemia, Liver Oxidative Stress and Toxicity in High-Fat Diet Fed Mice and Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes
Authors: Paim Raquel Teixeira Terceiro , Rodrigues Paula Salmito Alves , Silva José Ytalo Gomes da , Paula Junior Valdir Ferreira de , Silva Bruno Bezerra da , Freitas Claísa Andréa Silva De , Oriá Reinaldo Barreto , Florean Eridan Orlando Pereira Tramontina , Rondina Davide , Guedes Maria Izabel Florindo
Published: January 2020

The pursuit of cholesterol lowering natural products with less side effects is needed for controlling dyslipidemia and reducing the increasing toll of cardiovascular diseases that are associated with morbidity and mortality worldwide. The present study aimed at the examining effects of p-methoxycinnamic acid diesters (PCO-C) from carnauba (Copernicia prunifera)-derived wax on cytotoxic, genotoxic responses in vitro and on dyslipidemia and liver oxidative stress in vivo, utilizing high-fat diet (HFD) chronically fed Swiss mice. In addition, we evaluated the effect of PCO-C on the expression of key cholesterol metabolism-related genes, as well as the structural interactions between PCO-C and lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) in silico. Oral treatment with PCO-C was able to reduce total serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels following HFD. In addition, PCO-C reduced excessive weight gain and lipid peroxidation, and increased the gene expression of LCAT following HFD. Furthermore, the high affinity of the studied compound (ΔG: −8.78 Kcal/mol) towards the active sites of mutant LCAT owing to hydrophobic and van der Waals interactions was confirmed using bioinformatics. PCO-C showed no evidence of renal and hepatic toxicity, unlike simvastatin, that elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, a marker of liver dysfunction. Finally, PCO-C showed no cytotoxicity or genotoxicity towards human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. Our results suggest that PCO-C exerts hypocholesterolemic effects. The safety of PCO-C in the toxicological tests performed and the reports of its beneficial biological effects render this a promising compound for the development of new cholesterol-lowering therapeutics to control dyslipidemia. More work is needed for further elucidating PCO-C role on lipid metabolism to support future clinical studies.
Design, Synthesis and Biochemical Evaluation of Novel Ethanoanthracenes and Related Compounds to Target Burkitt’s Lymphoma
Authors: Byrne Andrew J. , Bright Sandra A. , McKeown James P. , O’Brien John E. , Twamley Brendan , Fayne Darren , Williams D. Clive , Meegan Mary J.
Published: January 2020

Lymphomas (cancers of the lymphatic system) account for 12% of malignant diseases worldwide. Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in which the cancer starts in the immune B-cells. We report the synthesis and preliminary studies on the antiproliferative activity of a library of 9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene based compounds structurally related to the antidepressant drug maprotiline against BL cell lines MUTU-1 and DG-75. Structural modifications were achieved by Diels-Alder reaction of the core 9-(2-nitrovinyl)anthracene with number of dienophiles including maleic anhydride, maleimides, acrylonitrile and benzyne. The antiproliferative activity of these compounds was evaluated in BL cell lines EBV− MUTU-1 and EBV+ DG-75 (chemoresistant). The most potent compounds 13j, 15, 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d and 19a displayed IC50 values in the range 0.17–0.38 μM against the BL cell line EBV− MUTU-1 and IC50 values in the range 0.45–0.78 μM against the chemoresistant BL cell line EBV+ DG-75. Compounds 15, 16b and 16c demonstrated potent ROS dependent apoptotic effects on the BL cell lines which were superior to the control drug taxol and showed minimal cytotoxicity to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The results suggest that this class of compounds merits further investigation as antiproliferative agents for BL.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Photonics in 2019
Authors:   Photonics Editorial Office
Published: January 2020

The editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time andexpertise to the journal’s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whetherthe papers are finally published or not [...]
Fumigant Toxicity in Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Controlled Release of (E)-anethole from Microspheres
Authors: Pascual-Villalobos María J. , Cantó-Tejero Manuel , Guirao Pedro , López María D.
Published: January 2020

(E)-anethole is a phenylpropanoid that is the main compound found in the essential oils (EOs) of anise and fennel seeds, and either fumigant or direct contact activity of this compound has been demonstrated against aphids and stored product pests. In this work, solid microspheres were prepared by three methods—oil emulsion entrapment, spray-drying, and complexed with β-cyclodextrin. Fumigation activity of each microsphere preparation was tested against the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), on pepper leaves. The best insecticidal activity was with (E)-anethole encapsulated in oil emulsion beads and introduced to aphids as a vapour over 24 h, with an LC50 of 0.415 μL/L compared to 0.336 μL/L of vapors from free (E)-anethole. Scanning electron microscopy of the beads revealed a compact surface with low porosity that produced a controlled release of the bioactive for more than 21 d, whilst most of the volatile was evaporated within two days if applied unformulated. Spray drying gave spherical particles with the greatest encapsulated yield (73%) of 6.15 g of (E)-anethole incorporated per 100 g of powder. Further work will be done on improving the formulation methods and testing the solid microspheres in all aphid stages scaling up the experimental assay. It is foreseen that nanotechnology will play a role in future developments of low risk plant protection products.
Volatile Compositions and Antifungal Activities of Native American Medicinal Plants: Focus on the Asteraceae
Authors: Lawson Sims K. , Sharp Layla G. , Powers Chelsea N. , McFeeters Robert L. , Satyal Prabodh , Setzer William N.
Published: January 2020

In the past, Native Americans of North America had an abundant traditional herbal legacy for treating illnesses, disorders, and wounds. Unfortunately, much of the ethnopharmacological knowledge of North American Indians has been lost due to population destruction and displacement from their native lands by European-based settlers. However, there are some sources of Native American ethnobotany remaining. In this work, we have consulted the ethnobotanical literature for members of the Asteraceae used in Cherokee and other Native American traditional medicines that are native to the southeastern United States. The aerial parts of Eupatorium serotinum, Eurybia macrophylla, Eutrochium purpureum, Polymnia canadensis, Rudbeckia laciniata, Silphium integrifolium, Smallanthus uvedalia, Solidago altissima, and Xanthium strumarium were collected from wild-growing plants in north Alabama. The plants were hydrodistilled to obtain the essential oils and the chemical compositions of the essential oils were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The essential oils were tested for in-vitro antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans. The essential oil of E. serotinum showed noteworthy activity against C. neoformans with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 78 μg/mL, which can be attributed to the high concentration of cyclocolorenone in the essential oil.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Risks in 2019
Authors: Risks Editorial Office
Published: January 2020

The editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal’s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not [...]
Pricing of Commodity Derivatives on Processes with Memory
Authors: Benth Fred Espen , Khedher Asma , Vanmaele Michèle
Published: January 2020

Spot option prices, forwards and options on forwards relevant for the commodity markets are computed when the underlying process S is modelled as an exponential of a process ξ with memory as, e.g., a Volterra equation driven by a Lévy process. Moreover, the interest rate and a risk premium ρ representing storage costs, illiquidity, convenience yield or insurance costs, are assumed to be stochastic. When the interest rate is deterministic and the risk premium is explicitly modelled as an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type of dynamics with a mean level that depends on the same memory term as the commodity, the process ( ξ ; ρ ) has an affine structure under the pricing measure Q and an explicit expression for the option price is derived in terms of the Fourier transform of the payoff function.
A Framework for Correcting Ionospheric Artifacts and Atmospheric Effects to Generate High Accuracy InSAR DEM
Authors: Liu Zhiwei , Zhou Cui , Fu Haiqiang , Zhu Jianjun , Zuo Tingying
Published: January 2020

Repeat-pass interferometric synthetic aperture radar is a well-established technology for generating digital elevation models (DEMs). However, the interferogram usually has ionospheric and atmospheric effects, which reduces the DEM accuracy. In this paper, by introducing dual-polarization interferograms, a new approach is proposed to mitigate the ionospheric and atmospheric errors of the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data. The proposed method consists of two parts. First, the range split-spectrum method is applied to compensate for the ionospheric artifacts. Then, a multiresolution correlation analysis between dual-polarization InSAR interferograms is employed to remove the identical atmospheric phases, since the atmospheric delay is independent of SAR polarizations. The corrected interferogram can be used for DEM extraction. Validation experiments, using the ALOS-1 PALSAR interferometric pairs covering the study areas in Hawaii and Lebanon of the U.S.A., show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the ionospheric artifacts and atmospheric effects, and improve the accuracy of the InSAR-derived DEMs by 64.9% and 31.7% for the study sites in Hawaii and Lebanon of the U.S.A., respectively, compared with traditional correction methods. In addition, the assessment of the resulting DEMs also includes comparisons with the high-precision Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) altimetry data. The results show that the selection of reference data will not affect the validation results.
Greening Trends of Southern China Confirmed by GRACE
Authors: Chang Le , Sun Wenke
Published: January 2020

As reported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the world has been greening over the last two decades, with the highest greening occurring in China and India. The increasing vegetation will increase plant tissue accumulation and water storage capacity, and all of these variations will cause mass change. In this study, we found that the mass change related to greening in Southern China could be confirmed by Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) observations. The mean mass change rate detected by GRACE is 6.7 ± 0.8 mm/yr in equivalent water height during 2003–2016 in our study region. This is consistent with the sum of vegetation tissue, soil water and groundwater change calculated using multi-source data. The vegetation accumulation is approximately 3.8 ± 1.3 mm/yr, which is the major contribution to region mass change. We also found that the change of water storage capacity related to vegetation can be detected by GRACE.
Online Sales and Business Model Innovation in Art Markets: A Case Study
Authors: Fernandes Alexandra , U. Afonso Luís
Published: January 2020

Every year online sales represent a higher percentage of the sales total in nearly all sectors of the economy, and the art markets are no exception. However, there are few empirical studies showing how online sales and digital technologies are transforming the art markets at a micro-level. This study is based on the detailed examination of the financial performance of one of the two largest Portuguese auction houses, Cabral Moncada Leilões (CML), over a period of twelve years (2007–2018), complemented with interviews with its top-managers. It analyses a set of financial indicators (e.g., EBIT, ROA, EQUITY, sales volume, net results, etc.), along with some markers that are specific to the auction sector (e.g., average lot value, number of auctions per year, etc.). From this analysis it is possible to conclude that the deterioration of this company’s financial performance was the driving force that led it to explore the potential of digital economy. In the process, its business model changed dramatically, leading the company to a different market position and to the enlargement of its national and international customer base.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Sports in 2019
Authors:   Sports Editorial Office
Published: January 2020

The editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal’s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not [...]
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Sustainability in 2019
Authors:   Sustainability Editorial Office
Published: January 2020

The editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal’s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not [...]
Social Trust and Open Innovation in an Informal Economy: The Emergence of Shenzhen Mobile Phone Industry
Authors: Chen Yu-Chun , Chen Min-Nan
Published: January 2020

This study examines how social trust facilitates firms’ collaborative efficiency in an informal economy. We extend the open innovation theory to explain the straightforward role of social trust in the Shenzhen mobile phone industry. This single case study yields two principal findings. First, social trust fosters the efficient integration of value chains for mobile phone development. Four types of informal entrepreneurs with high social trust built on homogenous sanctioned ethnic groups (i.e., Fujian, Hunan, Chaoshan, and Wenzhou) collaboratively conform to the chip vendors, independent design houses, integrators, manufacturers and channel retailers in the Shenzhen mobile phone industry. These four groups of informal entrepreneurs achieve ethnic legitimacy by organizing the value chains with mobile feature phones built on Shenzhen mobile phone modes. Second, social trust among the four sanctioned ethnic groups is a critical determinant for shortening the time-to-market of new products and catalyzes product specialization to effectively respond to market needs in the Shenzhen mobile phone industry. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings for research on social trust and open innovation in informal institutions.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Technologies in 2019
Authors:   Technologies Editorial Office
Published: January 2020

The editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal’s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not [...]
Integrated Analysis of Differentially Expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in Goat Skin Fibroblast Cells in Response to Orf Virus Infection Reveals That cfa-let-7a Regulates Thrombospondin 1 Expression
Authors: Pang Feng , Wang Xinying , Chen Zhen , Zhang Zhenxing , Zhang Mengmeng , Wang Chengqiang , Yang Xiaohong , An Qi , Du Li , Wang Fengyang
Published: January 2020

Orf is a zoonotic disease that has caused huge economic losses globally. Systematical analysis of dysregulated cellular micro RNAs (miRNAs) in response to Orf virus (ORFV) infection has not been reported. In the current study, miRNA sequencing and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed in goat skin fibroblast (GSF) cells at 0, 18, and 30 h post infection (h.p.i). We identified 140 and 221 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs at 18 and 30 h.p.i, respectively. We also identified 729 and 3961 DE genes (DEGs) at 18 and 30 h.p.i, respectively. GO enrichment analysis indicates enrichment of apoptotic regulation, defense response to virus, immune response, and inflammatory response at both time points. DE miRNAs and DEGs with reverse expression were used to construct miRNA-gene networks. Seven DE miRNAs and seven DEGs related to “negative regulation of viral genome replication” were identified. These were validated by RT-qPCR. Cfa-let-7a, a significantly upregulated miRNA, was found to repress Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) mRNA and protein expression by directly targeting the THBS1 3′ untranslated region. THBS1 has been reported to induce apoptosis; therefore, the cfa-let-7a-THBS1 axis may play an important role in cellular apoptosis during ORFV infection. This study provides new insights into ORFV and host cell interaction mechanisms.
The moderating effect of entrepreneurial culture and government support on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance
Authors: Mustafa Syed Noman , Kakakhel Shahid Jan , Shah Fayaz Ali
Published: January 2020

This research paper empirically examined the moderating effect of entrepreneurial culture and government support on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and perceived financial firm performance in the context of province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The literature on firm-level entrepreneurship studies argued that external environmental factors vary across countries and regions, therefore, investigating the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance is contingent on the external factors known as an entrepreneurial ecosystem of the region. Data were collected from 392 managers, senior officials and owners of the SME's representing four different business sectors of food and beverages, textile and leather products, wood and wood products, arms ammunition and other manufacturing products geographically located in Peshawar, Gadoon, Risalpur and Hattar industrial zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Proportionate stratified random sampling technique was utilized to give proper representation to each sub-population stratum. Data analysis was performed in IBM SPSS 23 and IBM SEM AMOS 23. Constructs Measurement model, structural model, and path analysis were done through AMOS structural equation modeling. Further, to examine the moderation effect of the variables entrepreneurial culture and government support on the relationship between Entrepreneurial Orientation and firm performance Baron and Kenny's (1983) three-step approach was used. Findings of the present research revealed a significant positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and SME's firm performance. Moreover, entrepreneurial culture significantly moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance, whereas government support does not moderate the relationship between Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial orientation, perceived firm performance, entrepreneurial ecosystem, entrepreneurial culture, government support.
Does financial deepening matter in financial crisis? An empirical investigation of developed and emerging economies
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad Shoaib , Shah Syed Zulfiqar Ali
Published: January 2020

This study explores the impact of financial deepening on financial crises in United State of America and Pakistan. The study uses the annual data on financial crisis and financial deepening ranging from 1997 to 2016 in order to encapsulate financial crisis in emerging and developed economies. Study applies Patel and Sarkar (1998) approach to identify and assess accurate form of financial crises. The findings suggest a positive relationship between financial deepening and financial crises in the case of USA, however, no such relationship could be established in case of Pakistan.
Keywords: Financial deepening, financial crises, Pakistani stock index, US stock index.
The impact of perceived service fairness on customer citizenship behaviors: The mediating role of relationship marketing
Authors: Khan Waseem , Jan Farzand Ali , Iqbal Khurshid , Adnan Adil
Published: January 2020

This research contributes to building a comprehensive understanding on how customer evaluations regarding different facets of service fairness affect bank-consumer relationship building process and lead customers to perform various citizenship behaviors by examining empirically this relationship at multi-group level. Although banking service is known to encounter numerous service failure episodes there has been scant investigations in commercial banking sector of Pakistan that have addressed the connection among service fairness, relationship marketing and customer engagement. Data was gathered quantitively with the help of questionnaire distributed using stratified random sampling technique. Data was gathered from 1430 consumers of banking services located within scheduled bank branches in a single cross-section. The model was assessed using partial least square based Structured Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), using Smart PLS 3.2.7 statistical software. The results of this research confirmed that banking consumers commonly evaluate fairness in exchange relationships when dealing with service providers. The results show that service fairness evaluations had direct influence on customer citizenship behavior, however this relationship is better explained by a firm's relationship marketing efforts.
Keywords: Service fairness, relationship marketing, customer citizenship behaviors, multigroup analysis, banking sector.
Customizable Ligand Exchange for Tailored Surface Property of Noble Metal Nanocrystals
Authors: Fan Qikui , Yang Hao , Ge Juan , Zhang Shumeng , Liu Zhaojun , Lei Bo , Cheng Tao , Li Youyong , Yin Yadong , Gao Chuanbo
Published: January 2020

It is highly desirable, while still challenging, to obtain noble metal nanocrystals with custom capping ligands, because their colloidal synthesis relies on specific capping ligands for the shape control while conventional ligand exchange processes suffer from “the strong replaces the weak” limitation, which greatly hinders their applications. Herein, we report a general and effective ligand exchange approach that can replace the native capping ligands of noble metal nanocrystals with virtually any type of ligands, producing flexibly tailored surface properties. The key is to use diethylamine with conveniently switchable binding affinity to the metal surface as an intermediate ligand. As a strong ligand, it in its original form can effectively remove the native ligands; while protonated, it loses its binding affinity and facilitates the adsorption of new ligands, especially weak ones, onto the metal surface. By this means, the irreversible order in the conventional ligand exchange processes could be overcome. The efficacy of the strategy is demonstrated by mutual exchange of the capping ligands among cetyltrimethylammonium, citrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and oleylamine. This novel strategy significantly expands our ability to manipulate the surface property of noble metal nanocrystals and extends their applicability to a wide range of fields, particularly biomedical applications.
Eight New Species of Neotropical Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae)
Authors: Reynel Carlos
Published: January 2020

Eight new species of Neotropical Zanthoxylum L. (Rutaceae) are here described based upon their morphological characters. Zanthoxylum amplicalyx Reynel, which belongs to Zanthoxylum sect. Tobinia (Desv. ex Ham.) Griseb., has the largest calyx segments for its section. The others, Z. brisoferox Reynel, Z. chocoense Reynel, Z. impressocordatum Reynel, Z. magnifructum Reynel, Z. mauriifolium Reynel, Z. sambucirhachis Reynel, and Z. tingana Reynel, belong to the most speciose section, Macqueria Comm. ex Triana & Planch., and are distinguished by a variety of characters. Zanthoxylum magnifructum has the largest fruits of any species in the genus in the New World. Of the newly recognized species, four have a geographical distribution in Ecuador, three in Colombia, and one in Cuba.
CONCENTRATION OF LEAD (Pb) IN WATER, SEDIMENT AND Tubifex sp. IN THE METAL POLLUTED WATERS
Authors: Widiastuti Irawati Mei , Maizar Asus , Musa Muhammad , Arfiati Diana
Published: January 2020

Lead is one of the heavy metals of pollutant sources that are highly toxic and can not be degraded thus accumulating in sediments and aquatic organisms including Tubifex worms. The objectives of the study were to determine the concentration and to analyze the correlation of lead concentration (Pb) contained in water, sediments and Tubifex worms. The research method used is survey. Samples were taken at the waters of the landfill. The determination of lead concentration (Pb) was used by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method. The results of measurements of lead concentration (Pb) in water, sediments and Tubifex worms tabulated in tables and graphs, were analyzed descriptively. To prove that the increase of Pb concentration in Tubifex worms along with the increase of Pb content in water and sediment, a simple linear regression analysis was performed. The results showed the concentration of Pb in water (0.4923 ± 0.0091 mg / L - 0.6647 ± 0.0067 mg / L), in sediments (1.3803 ± 0.0042 mg / L - 1.4530 ± 0 , 0046 mg / L) and in Tubifex worms (0.9213 ± 0.0032 mg / L - 0.9767 ± 0.0060 mg / L). The concentration of Pb in the Tubifex worm has increased with increasing concentrations of Pb in water and sediment.
ОКРЕМІ АСПЕКТИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ У ФЕДЕРАТИВНІЙ РЕСПУБЛІЦІ НІМЕЧЧИНА
Authors: Говорун Ірина
Published: January 2020

На основі аналізу організації початкової освіти у Федеративній Республіці Німеччині виявлено особливості професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів початкової школи. З’ясовано, що підготовка майбутніх учителів у ФРН незалежно від федеральної землі проходить в два етапи та носить теоретичний і практичний характер: навчання у закладі вищої освіти і практика/стажування. Перший етап охоплює підготовку в галузі того чи іншого розділу шкільної програми. Курс навчання стислий і спрямований на вивчення загальноосвітніх дисциплін, теоретичних курсів зі спеціальності й педагогічних дисциплін. Структура шкіл в окремих федеральних землях не однорідна, тому в програмах навчання береться до уваги підготовка майбутніх учителів до більше, ніж одного типу школи. Другий етап спрямований головним чином на проведення педагогічної практики в школах у процесі безпосередньої викладацької діяльності, а її метою є підготовка майбутнього вчителя до практичної роботи в школі на основі добре засвоєної теорії.

Ключові слова: професійна підготовка, вчитель початкової школи,  Федеративна Республіка Німеччина.
ПРОГРАМИ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ IT-МЕНЕДЖЕРІВ В УНІВЕРСИТЕТАХ США: ЗМІСТОВИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Горетько Тетяна
Published: January 2020

Автором статті обґрунтовано актуальність порушеної проблеми. Розглянуто зміст поняття «освітня програма» та виокремлено основні структурні елементи, що мають бути наявними в освітніх програмах згідно з Законом України «Про вищу освіту». На прикладах 3 університетів США різних типів виявлено та проаналізовано структурні особливості й змістове наповнення освітніх програм за напрямом «ІТ-менеджмент». Зроблено висновок, що структура усіх трьох програм є подібною, а змістове наповнення суттєво різниться. При цьому дисципліни в програмах можна умовно розділити на групи, хоча цей розподіл і є нерівномірним. Водночас усі 3 університети підкреслюють перспективність напряму «ІТ-менеджмент» і великий попит на фахівців цієї спеціальності на ринку праці. Всі 3 програми є практико орієнтованими й спрямованими на ефективний розвиток умінь та навичок студентів.

Ключові слова: освітня програма; професійна підготовка; менеджмент інформаційних технологій; IT-менеджер.
Visually Impaired Students’ Learning Landscapes
Authors: Boeynaems Brugman
Published: January 2020

In the paper we argue that teachers are required to retain responsibility for their visually impaired students’ learning and the students’ individual learning landscapes depend on the context and the learning experiences. The learning landscape is shaped by this and didactics must react to a variety of subjective cultures and logics in the students’ minds. The need for support of blind and highly visually impaired learners is determined on the one hand by their disability-related structures and functions. It is also determined by the already experienced learning opportunities and their compatibility with functional learning requirements. The task of the didactics is to have the lessons begin with the individual learning landscapes, but to continue all students as far as possible into landscapes that can be shared.
An Assessment of Mangrove Rehabilitation Programs in Bolaang Mongondow Selatan Regency, North Sulawesi
Authors: Djamaluddin Rignolda
Published: January 2020

While results of many mangrove rehabilitation efforts have not been optimal due to various factors, the rate of mangrove forest deforestation remains high in Indonesia. This research was designed to test the principle “planting certain mangrove seedlings on suitable habitat would be survived”. The test was based on assessment of six locations in Bolaang Mongondow Selatan Regency where mangrove rehabilitation programs were implemented. This assessment was conducted by using a spot check method to analysis any variables associated with plantation area feasibility, and the use of participative approach to collect additional informations. Results from this study confirmed that mangrove seedlings has to be planted on the right habitat, and that the implemented rehabilitation programs have followed a try and error or speculative approach, and have not been supported by sufficient technical and theoretical competencies.   Keywords: artifisial plantation, natural regeneration, mangrove, rehabilitation
Role and Importance of Propaganda Work of Theatrical Art Workers on Formation of Public Legal Consciousness During the Period Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945
Authors: Makarova O. S.
Published: January 2020

The article examines the problems of propaganda work carried out during the war as a basis for strengthening the legitimacy of the ruling Communist party in the USSR. The contribution of theater workers to the cohesion of Soviet society in the fight against fascism is investigated. New archival documents related to the propaganda work of Soviet cultural workers are introduced into scientific circulation.
Land use Land Cover Change Detection using K-means Clustering and Maximum Likelihood Classification Method in the Javadi Hills, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors:   Research Scholar, School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India., Navin M. Sam , Agilandeeswari L. ,   Associate Professor, School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.
Published: January 2020

Land use/Land cover (LU/LC) change analysis is the present-day challenging task for the researchers in defining the environmental change across the world in the field of remote sensing and GIS (Geographic Information System). This paper analyzes the LU/LC changes between the years 2009 and 2019 in the region of Javadi Hills located in Tamil Nadu, India. Images from the Indian remote sensing satellite Resourcesat-1 LISS III and American earth observation satellite Landsat-8 were used for analyzing the LU/LC change for the study area. In this work, the classification was performed by using the hybrid approach of unsupervised and supervised classifiers. The classified LU/LC map for the study area defines forest and non-forest covered region. The key objective of this work was to identify the percentage of LU/LC change occurred in our study area for the years 2009 to 2014 and 2014 to 2019. Observing and examining the changes occurred in the study area provides a clear view to the land resources management to take effective measures in protecting the environment.
Heuristic Prediction of Crop Yield using Machine Learning Technique
Authors:   School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore institute of Technology, Chennai, India., Sunkara Pavani , Beulet P. Augusta Sophy ,   School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.
Published: January 2020

Vast research has been done and several attempts are made for application of Machine learning in agricultural field. Major challenge in agriculture is to increase the production in the farm and deliver it to the end customers with best possible price and good quality. It is found that at least 50 percent of the farm produce never reach the end consumer due to wastage and high-end prices. Machine learning based solutions developed to solve the difficulties faced by the farmers are being discussed in this work. The real time environmental parameters of Telangana District like soil moisture, temperature, rainfall, humidity are collected and crop yield is being predicted using KNN Algorithm.
TENOFOVIR ASSOCIATED RENAL TOXICITY IN A COHORT OF HIV
INFECTED INDIVIDUALS IN GOA
Authors: Patel Hardik P
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is a nucleotide analogue recommended in international HIV
treatment guidelines. Purpose of this study was to estimate the long term effects of TDF on renal prole in a cohort of HIV
patients in Goa. Three hundred and fty four (354) consecutive HIV-positive patients who initiated TDF-based antiretroviral treatment from Jan
2016 to Dec 2018 at the Goa Medical College were sampled. Creatinine clearance (CrCl) was calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault equation at
baseline and renal impairment was dened as CrCl values of 30.0–49.9 mL/min (moderate renal impairment) and < 25 mL/min (severe renal
impairment) as per institutional guidelines for renal function test.
RESULTS: Follow up time was 2 years. At study endpoint, 36 participants (10.2%) recorded CrCl rate below 50 mL/min indicating incident renal
impairment, made up of 8.47% moderate renal impairment and 1.7% severe renal impairment. Factors associated with incidence of renal
impairment were increasing age, WHO HIV stage III/IV and baseline low CD4 count. Patients with identied renal impairment risk factors at
ART initiation should be targeted and monitored effectively to prevent renal injury.
A COMPARISON OF HAND HYGIENE PRACTICES USING “RING THE
BELL”; A LOW COST HIGH IMPACT INNOVATIVE TOOL
Authors: Kannapur Anand S , Naik Sudarshan
Published: January 2020

RATIONALE: Hand hygiene is one of the most neglected practices amongst health care personnel. We devised a
positive habit reinforcement tool called “ring the bell” and hypothesized that it will not lead to better hand hygiene
compliance.
OBJECTIVES: Hand hygiene events (hand washing and hand rub) of two Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of a large tertiary care hospital were
compared.
METHODS: For purpose of the study the control limb was designated ICU A and the test limb ICU B. All medical personnel in ICU B were
instructed to “ring the bell” hung next to the wash basin prior to washing hands.
MEASUREMENTS: The study was performed for one hour a day over a period of 90 days and numbers of hand hygiene events were recorded
by obscure observers.
MAIN RESULTS: Total hand hygiene events of ICU A were 909 out of 1584 (0.58%) medical personnel attending and in ICU B were 3870 out
of 2706 (1.43%) medical personnel attending, a signicant increase of more than 125% (2.5 times). The two sided Z test was applied and Z value
was calculated to be 12.34 (SE=0.068). Since p value (0.0001) was less than 0.05, we rejected the null hypothesis at 5% level of signicance.
CONCLUSION(S): “Ring the bell” campaign used for positive habit reinforcement effectively increased hand hygiene compliance and
such a low cost and high impact innovative tool is strongly recommended to improve safety and quality of medical care in order to prevent
nosocomial infections.
ASSOCIATION OF GENITOURINARY TRACT INFECTION IN PRETERM
LABOUR
Authors: Jain Shakti , Singh Urvashi Barman , Srivastava Yashi
Published: January 2020

Background: Pre term labour (PTL) is responsible for 75-80% of admission to intensive care neonatal units. Causes of
PTL have not been established but several risk factors are associated with it
Aim: The aim of this study is to nd association of genitourinary tract infections in aetiopathogenesis of preterm labour.
Subject and methods: This was case control study conducted over one year.100 pregnant women having PTL without risk factors with intact
membrane were compared with 100 pregnant women having labour at > 37 weeks. The two groups were screened for urinary and vaginal
infections. At delivery further swabs were taken from foetal surface of placenta.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that genitourinary tract infection is the major factor in aetiopathogenesis of preterm labour. Therefore
screening for genitourinary tract infection is strongly recommended to be included in prenatal care.
MOYA MOYA DISEASE IN A PATIENT OF THALASSEMIA MAJOR - CASE REPORT
Authors: Shah Ankita
Published: January 2020

The moyamoya syndrome is a cerebrovascular condition that predisposes affected patients to stroke due to progressive stenosis of the intracranial
internal carotid arteries and their proximal branches. It can be seen in association with several inherited disorders. However, its association with
thalassemia is very rare.
CLINICAL STUDY OF ATTEMPTED SUICIDE AMONG FIFTY OLDER PEOPLE.
Authors: Ambali Dr. Anand P.
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND: The older people in India are considered happiest as they live in well integrated surroundings and are respected in the family.
However, the changing trends of family life, children leaving parents in search of job, elder abuse, being lonely, depression and lack of social
support make the seniors attempt to end their life. This study attempted to know the incidence, pattern of attempted suicide, risk factors and its
outcome among the older people (>60yrs) admitted in a tertiary care hospital.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective clinical profile of the fifty older people admitted to the hospital for having attempted suicide over
five years are included to study the pattern of attempted suicide, risk factors, access to first aid, co morbid conditions, complications and outcome.
RESULTS: Majority of the older people (86%) were in age group of young old. Organophosphorus compound was commonly used by 70% of
participants to end their life. Factors like Depression and Abuse were common precipitating factors. Many older people did not want to reveal the
reason for this act of theirs. Respiratory failure was seen in 20% of the patients during treatment, with the overall mortality rate of 6%.
CONCLUSION: The older people attempting life is rising in India too. There is need to preserve joint family values, respect the older people in
society which is their due. Counselling services and psychological support for the older people who are depressed, staying alone and are abused is
the need of the hour.
MICROALBUMIN STATUS IN RELATION TO GLYCATED HAEMOGLOBIN AMONG
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN SOUTH KERALA POPULATION-A
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Shanthi B
Published: January 2020

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases which if not controlled can cause life threatening complication. The objective of the study
is to assess the correlation of urine microalbumin (MAU) with (HbA1C) in type 2 DM patients. Total 180 patients diagnosed for type 2 DM, age
30-60 years were selected and fasting plasma glucose, creatinine,HbA1C and MAU were estimated.HbA1C levels and MAU levels shows
significant positive correlation (r = 0.429, p<0.01) and the relationship is significant for all the three age groups. The study concluded that there was
an increased prevalence of MAU and high HbA1C level among the patients with type 2 DM, and also highlights that there is a significant correlation
betweenMAUlevels andHbA1Cfor allthe three agegroupswhichnecessitatesfor earlydetectionofnephropathyanduncontrolled diabetes.
Il piccolo Pantheon
Authors: Innocenti Barbara
Published: January 2020

In Paris, the Little Pantheon is the theatre on rue de Chartres which, together with other showrooms, competed with the great Pantheon on rue Soufflot between the 18th and 19th century. The Little Pantheon introduced the idea of a Big Man embracing the excluded personalities from the official Pantheon, and those categories, such as the actors, which had been hitherto marginalised. This volume takes into consideration a new theatrical genre bringing on stage the public and private lives of Great Men of Letters, Philosophy and the Arts, be them real or imaginary. This book is not only original for its analysis of the revolutionary mentality that shapes a new concept of Fame, but also functions as a tool to account for the extent of the phenomenon from a chronological and thematic perspective thanks to the Catalogues.
PENDAMPINGAN ANAK USIA DINI BERBASIS PETENAKAN ITIK MAGELANG DI DESA NGADIROJO, KECAMATAN SECANG, KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Authors: Rahayu Ayu
Published: January 2020

Pengabdian “Pendampingan Anak Usia Dini Berbasis Peternakan Itik Magelang di Desa Ngadirojo, Kecamatan Secang, Kabupaten Magelang” merupakan salah satu program pengabdian rutin dosen Program Studi Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tidar Magelang yaitu Ayu Rahayu, S.Pt., M.Sc. Pengabdian ini dilakukan kepada masyarakat di Desa Ngadirojo, Secang, Magelang yang dibantu oleh  satu dosen Agroteknologi, tiga dosen Peternakan, dan 10 orang mahasiswa. Pengabdian ini ditujukan kepada anak-anak Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Arrosyidin kelas 4, 5 dan 6. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mengenalkan jenis jenis itik di Indonesia yang banyak dipelihara oleh para peternak sejak dini. Karena sebagian masyarakat hanya mengetahui beberapa jenis itik selain itik Magelang. Untuk memudahkan pengenalan jenis-jenis itik terhadap anak-anak. Diapliasikan melalui permainan yaitu monopoly. Banyak yang beranggapan kalau permainan monopoly terdapat unsur uang. Namun permainan ini sangat berbeda dari permainan yang biasanya. Tidak terdapat unsur uang karena bertujuan untuk pendidikan. Permainan monopoly itik mengandalakan kekompakan tim. Sebelum permainan dimulai, untuk memudahkan pemahaman anak-anak terhadap ciri-ciri dan karakter setiap itik diberikan penjelasan terlebih dahulu melalui sosialisasi, sehingga lebih memudahkan dalam permainan yang akan dilakukan. Selain itu, Dr. Sri Hidayati (dosen Agroteknologi) juga memberikan sosialisasi mengenai pentingnya gemar makan daging untuk menambah wawasan anak dan guru di MI Arrosyidin. Kata kunci: Desa Ngadirojo, Itik Magelang, Pengembangan Peternakan
PEMBELAJARAN KARAKTER MELALUI PELAKSANAAN IDUL ADHA PADA SISWA SMA
Authors: Suyana Nana , Wulansari Lusiana
Published: January 2020

Pembelajaraan karakter sangat diperlukan , agar siswa dapat dibekali lebih dini tentang tantangan zaman yang cepat berubah. Perubahan tersebut dapat diimbangi, dengan pendidikan karakter yang mumpuni , sehingga para siswa mempunyai jiwa dan hati yang teduh, saling tepo seliro, saling menghormati dan kasih sayang pada sesamanya. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli dan Agustus 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan pelaksanaan kegiatan secara langsung serta evaluasi kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan pembelajaran akhlakul karimah melalui kegiatan Idul Adha, terlihat siswa lebih toleran dan menghormati sesama siswa serta dapat menghormat kepada para guru dan orang tua dirumah. Selain itu mereka lebih memahami secara teori dan praktek nilai- nilai pengorbanan pada perayaan Idul Adha.Kata Kunci : Pembelajaran,Karakter,Idul Adha. Abstract Character learning is needed, so students can be equipped early about the challenges of a rapidly changing era. These changes can be balanced, with qualified character education, so that students have a shady heart and heart, tepo seliro each other, mutual respect and affection for each other. The implementation of community service activities was carried out in July and August 2019. The method used was a lecture and direct implementation of activities and evaluation of activities. The results of the morality learning activities through the activities of Eid al-Adha, students look more tolerant and respectful of fellow students and can respect teachers and parents at home. In addition they better understand in theory and practice of the values of sacrifice at the celebration of Eid al-Adha.Keywords : Learning,character ,Idul Adha
Intellectual component of economic security of the enterprise
Authors: Elfimov Oleg
Published: January 2020

The intellectual component of economic security of the enterprise in close interrelation with a personnel component is investigated. External and internal threats to economic security of the enterprise on intellectual and

personnel component are detailed. It is concluded that the problem of economic security of the enterprise on the intellectual component, in modern conditions, will be solved by implementing a number of measures to counter

external and internal threats in the intellectual sphere of the enterprise.