bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decentralization reform in Ukraine and the social function of the state: challenges and prospects
Authors: Венцель Віктор
Published: June 2022

In 2014, the process of reforming local self-government and territorial organization of government began in Ukraine. The purpose of the reform is to carry out administrative and financial decentralization in order to build a capable local government and to improve the quality of public services provided to community residents. Decentralization should ensure the fulfillment of the social function of the state, taking into account the requirements of modern society. The necessity of decentralization reform is grounded in the article, theoretical aspects and international practice in the sphere of decentralization are considered, the current situation in Ukraine is analyzed, specific problems of the decentralization process are identified and possible solutions are outlined.The main tasks to be addressed by decentralization reform in Ukraine include: the establishment of institutionally capable local self-government bodies; separation of powers between local and executive authorities on the principle of subsidiarity; maximum involvement of the population in managerial decision-making, promoting the development of forms of direct democracy; ensuring the transparency of local self-government bodies and their accountability to the population of territorial communities; development of mechanisms for quality control of administrative, social and other services provision to the population; creation of sufficient material and financial opportunities to support the tasks of local self-government bodies; equalization of territorial financial disparities and provision of high quality public services to the population.Based of the indicators of statistical reporting and indicators of execution of local budgets, the analysis of individual aspects of financial capability of the amalgamated territorial communities (hromadas) was carried out, the problems of unequal distribution of financial potential between the territories were highlighted, and the necessity of applying measures to equalize regional financial disparities was noted.The conclusions are formulated that the decentralization reform in Ukraine needs active continuation. In this regard, required to take a number of basic legislative acts to resolve issues of administrative-territorial structure. Also it is necessary to clearly define the powers of local self-governments and ensure parity ratio between the functions authority and resource base. There are problems with the financial and institutional capability of amalgamated communities (hromadas) to be addressed by central government. As a result, state should ensure implementation of the social functions with new powers and new conditions for the functioning of local self-government that will be formed in the decentralization reform.
Analysis of the current state of provision of medical rehabilitation assistance and services in Ukraine: state-administrative aspect
Authors: Берлінець Ірина
Published: June 2022

The article investigates the current state of provision of medical rehabilitation assistance and services in Ukraine, analyzes the state-administrative aspect, identifies what positive actions the state authorities have undertaken for the effective development and improvement of the system of medical rehabilitation assistance, explores the problematic aspects in this field of health care. I have proposed my own vision for solving these problems. The model of effective state management of the development of medical rehabilitation assistance is developed. The main purpose of the article is to investigate the current state of public administration in the provision of medical and rehabilitation assistance.The problem of the development and effective management of medical rehabilitation assistance has always been a focus, especially when the anti-terrorist operation began in 2014. It was then that the number of people in need of rehabilitation increased significantly. However, there are a number of problems that remain unresolved in the industry.Theoretical and methodological basis of the article are the fundamental works and developments of leading domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of modern health policy, legislative and regulatory acts of the country. In the course of the study the following methods were applied: dialectical and abstract-logical (in generalizing theoretical and methodological principles of medical rehabilitation assistance), graphic (in developing a model of effective state management of medical rehabilitation assistance development), analytical (in the study of the current state of medical rehabilitation provision assistance and services in Ukraine), statistical (when building the dynamics of medical rehabilitation assistance provided), etc.The official base of the research is the official statistical and operational data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Health, the regulatory framework, information from the global Internet, the development of scientific and medical organizations, scientists and specialists of Ukraine and other countries, as well as the results of their own research and calculations.
Local identity and "social inclusion" in the conditions of decentralization of power in Ukraine
Authors: Лола Вікторія
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the research of problems of formation of local identity and "social inclusion" in the conditions of united territorial communities. The relevance of the problem of social exclusion in the community and its relation to human access to resources has been proved. The influence of "social inclusion / exclusion" on the processes of public involvement in solving issues of local importance, formation of social interaction and solidarity is substantiated. The peculiarities of its implementation in the context of decentralization of power and formation of united territorial communities are defined. An approach to understanding social exclusion in the community as a way of erecting barriers through which local government officials try to counteract community representatives in accessing and managing resources is disclosed. It has been established that social inclusion should be considered as a fundamental form of social interaction and a mechanism of social order reproduction in the community, in particular, through the formation of local identity. The main problems that arise in the context of social exclusion of a person from the network of socio-economic interaction in the community are identified. The factors that determine these processes are analyzed. It is proved that social inclusion is not possible without overcoming the disorientation of a person in society, forming loyalty and conformity to group goals, norms and values. This is achieved in the process of identifying with a particular social group or community (identity). Threats to the spread of social exclusion of certain territories, which find themselves in the periphery and do not receive adequate access to the distribution of resources and services, are analyzed. It is concluded that social inclusion should be an integral part of the general policy of community consolidation and the construction of its new identity.
Methodological foundations for the analysis of organizational and technological perfection of building public administration bodies
Authors: Бобровський Олексій
Published: June 2022

The methodological foundations for the analysis of the perfection of the organizational and technological structure of public administration bodies and the organization of their management activities are presented. The analysis methodology consists of two relatively independent blocks: a block for analyzing the organizational structure of the constituent elements of public administration bodies, a structural decomposition of their elements with the identification of the functions and tasks performed to achieve the set goals and a block for analyzing the technological and process support for the implementation of administrative work in public administration. Both blocks are formed and implemented by the authorities empowered to control the timeliness of the completeness and quality of the functions and tasks performed, the results of which depend on the organizational excellence and organizational maturity of public authorities. A model for analyzing the organizational structure of public administration bodies and the organization of their activities is proposed. For the analysis of organizational excellence and technological and process support for the implementation of management activities, which form organizational maturity, the definition and decomposition of the content of management activities according to the model of an agreed technological process is proposed. It is presented as a combination of agreed, harmonized types, content, state of development and methodological support of their related elements, the joint implementation of which ensures the achievement of target results of the tasks being solved due to their joint synergy. The analysis involves the determination of the main types of existing technological processes and their grouping according to the main types of activity, the time and qualifications of the performers, the determination of the structure of the performers of work in terms of the number and professional composition, the labor intensity of work, the factors of the emergence of self-organization processes, the ratio of labor and financial resources spent with their standard level and planned results of work and other indicators. It is proposed to use the results of the analysis to obtain new scientific knowledge and practical skills to modernize the structures of government bodies, maintain the level of organizational maturity and organizational perfection of the public administration system, increase and ensure the productivity and efficiency of management activities. The analysis technique can be used to analyze the organizational excellence of not only public administration authorities, but also the analysis of any managed systems.
Scientific and technological sphere as an object of state regulation: terminological and essential analysis
Authors: Шкрабак Ірина , Нікульчев Микола
Published: June 2022

The aim of the research is to study and analyze modern approaches to the description of scientific and technological sphere in domestic and foreign science, to determine its essential characteristics and clarify the meaning of "scientific and technological sphere as an object of state regulation." The urgency is due to insufficient theoretical certainty of the scientific and technological sphere as an object of state regulation, which systematically combines several broad areas of activity (scientific, technical, technological, innovative), which reduces the effectiveness and efficiency of mechanisms for state regulation of generation processes, applied transformation and diffusion of knowledge in all spheres of society. The results of the study include a justification for the transformation of the role of technology in the historical process of branching out the functions of science in society. It was determined that a mixed version of institution-building in the scientific and technological sphere is being implemented in Ukraine. The illegality of the interpretation of the national innovation system as an institutional model of the scientific and technological sphere is substantiated and the structure of its main descriptors was revealed. It was substantiated that the scientific and technological sphere has a systemic nature and the signs of its systematization were given. The formulated conclusions were to determine the features of technology as an area of intersection of the main functions of science in society. It was determined that among all types of activities in the scientific and technological sphere can be distinguished basic and supporting, which form the means and processes of generating new knowledge in the form of various resources (material, financial, personnel, information, organizational, etc.) and opportunities for their use. The study clarifies the concept of "scientific and technological sphere as an object of state regulation" and identifies prospects for further research.
Financial monitoring as a condition for ensuring the state security of the country: concepts, components, stages of development
Authors: Грабчук Олександр , Супрунова Ірина
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study is to reveal the theoretical aspects of the system of preventing and combating money laundering and terrorist financing, determining the main directions and consequences of the development of the financial monitoring system as a whole and its components. At the present stage, international terrorism has intensified. Legalization of illicit proceeds and terrorist financing is one of the threats to national security. Financial monitoring is an effective tool for overcoming this threat in the world. The system of prevention and counteraction to legalization (laundering) of proceeds and financing of terrorism consists of financial monitoring and law enforcement unit. Institutional, methodological, organizational and normative-legal support is allocated as parts of financial monitoring. Institutional support is a key component of the financial monitoring system. Its elements affect other components of the system, determine the effectiveness of its operation. The characteristics and stages of development of institutional support are given. To determine the effectiveness of the financial monitoring system, it is advisable to use indicators of institutional support. The analysis of these indicators showed the effectiveness of the domestic financial monitoring system. The conclusions are to substantiate the areas for further improvement of the components of the financial monitoring system: for institutional support – the need to further establish the procedure for exchanging information with law enforcement agencies and state regulators is justified; for regulatory and legal support – the expediency of adopting regulatory and legal documents that will consolidate the legal status of new objects of financial monitoring is reflected; for organizational support – the expediency of expanding the requirements for training is reflected. This training should take into account the latest changes in legislation in the field of preventing and combating money laundering and terrorist financing.
Prospective directions of digital transformation of public governance
Authors: Квітка Сергій , Новіченко Надія , Гусаревич Наталія , Піскоха Наталія , Бардах Олександр , Демошенко Генадій
Published: June 2022

Technological progress, having reached the digital level of its development, has set before society the tasks of digital transformation of the entire structure of social and economic life. In particular, this also applies to the reengineering of the public administration system.The impact of digitalization on public authorities is reflected in changing the way of acting and communicating with citizens in order to achieve the integration of civil society institutions and government. In Ukraine, as in the rest of the world, important steps are being taken in this direction. However, there is clearly a long way to go in digital adoption as many public sector organizations continue to use legacy legacy systems and technologies that need to be replaced. Taking this into account, the purpose of the study is to determine the main promising areas of digital transformation in public administration based on the study of documents and a comparative analysis of world experience.Among the areas of digital transformation of public administration, the most promising are identified as: the development of digital competencies of public officials, digitalization of territorial communities, digital transformation of municipal government, development of digital interaction between government and business, the introduction of digital technologies into the electoral system. These directions are analyzed taking into account the world experience and the prospects for their formation in Ukraine are outlined.In conclusion, it is noted that the transfer of world standards to national soil will be mediated by local characteristics, but the attempts in this direction will contribute to digital transformations of society and increase the efficiency of public administration. Further developments and research in this area are promising in all spheres of economic and public life, without exception, but it is digitalization in the field of public administration that will either give an impetus to the country's further progress, or become a brake on this movement.
Factors of raising international ratings of Ukrainian higher education institutions in the conditions of digital transformation of society
Authors: Квітка Сергій , Старушенко Галина
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the statistical analysis of the tools for assessing the international competitiveness of higher education institutions (HEIs) on the basis of the Webometric ranking of universities in terms of digital transformation.The ratings of ZVO as a modern information tool for education management are studied. A brief review and analysis of research and publications of domestic and foreign scientists on the role of ratings as a mechanism for assessing free economic education as educational and research centers.Using the professional statistical data processing program STATGRAPHICS Centurion XV.I and the principal components method, the specifics of Webometric indicators and their impact on the global ranking of the world's leading universities were analyzed. Based on statistical assessments, the reasons for insufficiently high rating positions of national free economic zones in the Webometrics system have been identified.Proposals have been developed to increase the representation of Ukrainian free economic zones in the Internet space, to raise their international rating according to Webometric criteria and to qualitatively develop the domestic scientific and educational school in the context of world trends.The results of the study can be used by the governing bodies and management of Ukrainian free economic zones in the development and adjustment of development strategies, as well as specialists who develop, implement and evaluate the state policy of Ukraine in the field of higher education.
Public administration of the process of autonomy of medical institutions in the context of health care reform
Authors: Лукаш Світлана , Маслак Олександр , Побідинський Роман
Published: June 2022

The main mechanisms of state management of the process of autonomy in the field of health care are considered in the article; the legislative provision of autonomy of medical institutions in Ukraine is investigated; the mechanism of transformation of CHC from a budgetary institution into a municipal non-profit enterprise is considered; an analysis of the financing of the health care system of Ukraine was conducted; directions of improvement of the state management of process of autonomy of medical establishments in the conditions of reforming of system of public health services are developed. Proposals for improving public administration in the process of autonomy of medical institutions are formed in three areas: improving public administration in the organizational and legal direction; improvement of public administration in the direction of personnel policy of autonomous medical institutions; improvement of public administration in the direction of resource provision through the introduction of public-private partnership. In the organizational and legal direction, a model of state management of the process of autonomy of medical institutions has been developed, the main stakeholders of the process and their role at each stage of autonomy have been identified. In the direction of personnel policy, changes and updated requirements for the management and medical staff of health care facilities have been identified. The main vectors of professional development of medical staff have been formed, which are a mandatory requirement in the conditions of reforming the medical sector. In the context of health care reform and the autonomy of medical institutions, cooperation between state and municipal medical institutions and business is important. The current practice of interaction between the state and business is reviewed, forms of cooperation with different degrees of private sector involvement are proposed. The state partner bears subsidiary liability for the obligations of such enterprise or business company in accordance with the agreement concluded within the framework of public-private partnership.
Factors Affecting the Adoption of e-Government in Public Sector Organizations of Kurdistan Region
Authors: Навзад Абдулла Набаз
Published: June 2022

Government institutions digitalization is an important element of development in advanced systems. The adoption of e-Government has great potential for the effective interaction between citizens and policymakers. The trends for development and digitalization of governmental activities raised the necessity for the adoption of the e-government in public sector institutions. The key factors affecting the adoption of e-government in the Kurdistan Region have been investigated in this study. The study has also been made to highlight obstacles that limited government capability to elude the paper-based system and to measure the extent of public support in approaching the new administration, which sought to be a pre-condition for its successful implementation. The exploratory research design has been used and data has been collected through a questionnaire. Four key factors that affect the implementation of e-government in public sector organizations of Kurdistan Region have been identified: motivational factor, personal factor, technical factor and reliability factor. All factors have a positive connection with e-government adoption, but they are not equally influencing the process of its implementation. The motivational factor is more effective compared to other factors due to the perceived benefits of the system to the citizens, but the personal factor has the least impact on the adoption of e-government. It has been determined by the study that citizens appreciate the perceived values created by the e-government as it minimizes routines and inefficiency of public administration that burden their resources. It has been highlighted that there is a positive impression for citizens on the adoption of e-government, which supports the successful implementation of the process. It has been said in the study that IT infrastructure development, adequate training, public awareness and more motivation on perceived benefits can profoundly guarantee the success of e-government adoption and can become an important tool of reform in public sector institutions. Its successful implementation can also improve the quality of public sector management and work on the delivery of public services in an effective and efficient manner.
Problem aspects of practical implementation of the integrated social services model in territorial communities
Authors: Ясинська Надія , Меснянко Тетяна , Пугач Оксана
Published: June 2022

The paper discusses modern approaches to social services in territorial communities. The structure of revenues and expenditures of local budgets of Ukraine by economic classification has been analysed. The state and requirements of the development of social services for a modern system of integrated social services in communities have been investigated. Also, the components of the model of integrated social services have been considered and the principles that were adhered to when creating it have been described.The integrated social service model is based on the collaboration of various institutions and social service providers, transforming them into a single coherent system. It aims to improve collaboration and partnerships among all stakeholders to build capacity and achieve common goals. A complex, well-established system for the provision of social services leads to duplication of efforts and a lack of individual planning, hinders the integration of all services in the development of service delivery plans. It also does not allow to properly analyse the reasons and poor coordination of the practice of paperwork and organization of social benefits. The integrated social services model seeks to correct these shortcomings and offer a convenient alternative to both provider staff and clients.The promotion of an integrated system of social services will not only improve the lives of certain categories of the population and help to eliminate the old Soviet system of providing these services, but it will also allow monitoring the effectiveness of the provision of social services based on the norms of social responsibility of recipients of funds and the client-centrism of social protection agencies. Its essence lies in the establishment of activities at various levels and the provision of an effective approach to solving problem situations of residents of territorial communities.The data obtained as a result of the analysis will form the basis for the development of appropriate content-technological and educational-methodological support for the retraining of social workers in Ukraine.
Формування публічної безпеки в США: теоретичні засади
Authors: Мюджахіт Бал
Published: June 2022

У статті систематизований досвід формування та забезпечення публічної безпеки в США. Виокремленні основі етапи підготовки та відбору поліцейських, які забезпечують публічну безпеки в США, визначені пріоритети розвитку кадрів та їх відбору. Зазначено, що поліцейські органи США має чотирьохрівневу структуру: федеральні правоохоронні органи, поліція штату, поліція округу, муніципальні органи поліції. Між цими рівнями відсутній ієрархічний зв'язок. Кожен рівень, кожна гілка органів поліції має певні межі компетенції відповідно до підвідомчості видів правопорушень. Незважаючи на складність державної правоохоронної системи, всі її підрозділи є спеціалізованими відомствами з чітко певною сферою відповідальності. Відсутність ієрархії і субординаційнного зв'язку між рівнями правоохоронної системи США обумовлено також складністю нормативно-правової системи США, федеративним устроєм держави. Доведено, що основними засадами формування та забезпечення публічної безпеки в США є: по-перше, жорсткий та багатофазовий професійний відбір до органів поліції; по-друге, спеціальна підготовка та отримання відповідної освіти, навичок та знань; по-третє, широкі повноваження поліцейських, які реалізують заходи з попередження та виявлення загроз публічній безпеці; по-четверте, децентралізація органів поліції та відсутність прямого підпорядкування місцевої поліції вище стоячих органам поліції, водночас, існує зобов’язання поліцейських перед інститутами громадянського суспільства; по-п’яте, залучення до відбору поліцейських громадськості; по-шосте, залучення до діяльності поліцейських інститути громадянського суспільства; по-шосте, виборність посад, що забезпечую пряму відповідальність перед виборцями за якість та ефективність діяльності.
Теоретичні підходи до досліджень понять та механізмів забезпечення виконавської дисципліни в органах публічної служби
Authors: Яшутін Ігор
Published: June 2022

У статті здійснено аналіз теоретичних підходів до визначення поняття та механізмів забезпечення виконавської дисципліни в органах публічної служби, акцентовано увагу на необхідності проведення системного, комплексного підходів щодо дослідження форм, методів стану виконавської дисципліни публічних службовців, що допоможе розкрити основні напрями підвищення рівня виконавської дисципліни на публічній службі. 

Автор статті пропонує узагальнити та адаптувати досвід країн Європейського співтовариства щодо підвищення рівня виконавської дисципліни до української дійсності шляхом запровадження інноваційних механізмів забезпечення виконавської дисципліни в органах публічної служби. Це позитивно вплине на подальший професійний розвиток публічних службовців органів влади в Україні. 

Доцільність дослідження теоретичних підходів щодо розуміння понять та механізмів забезпечення виконавської дисципліни в органах публічної служби обумовлюється важливістю розвитку належного демократичного врядування в Україні. Це сприятиме підвищенню репутації публічної служби в органах влади, зростанню іміджу публічного службовця,  формуванню якісно нової системи публічної служби в Україні 

Наукові підходи до понять «публічна служба», «виконавська дисципліна», «публічне управління» відображають нові, сучасні тенденції становлення наукового дискурсу з цієї проблематики у галузі знань 28 «Публічне управління та адміністрування» й водночас можуть стати платформою для подальших висновків щодо напрямків зростання ефективності виконавської дисципліни в органах публічної служби. 

Зазначені чинники зумовлюють необхідність ретельного аналізу теоретичних підходів до розуміння понять, що використовується в досліджені, формулювання власної інтерпретації понятійного поля та механізмів забезпечення виконавської дисципліни в органах публічної служби в Україні.
Використання методології державного управління у дослідженні процесів регіонального розвитку
Authors: Корнієвський Сергій
Published: June 2022

В статті зазначається, що дослідження процесів розвитку регіонів передбачає використання загальнонаукової методології, методології міждисциплінарного рівня, методології науки «державне управління» та методології наукового дослідження регіонального розвитку.

Метою статті є проаналізувати основні складові методології державного управління та надати пропозиції з її практичного використання у дослідженні процесів регіонального розвитку.

З врахуванням того, що методологія державного управління характеризується значним проблемним полем існує необхідність розв’язання багатьох проблем: створення та розвиток категорійного апарату державного управління; формулювання принципів державного управління; визначення норм пізнавальної, оцінної та практичної діяльності в державному управлінні; дослідження системи цінностей, їх зміни та ролей в державному управлінні; вивчення парадигмальності державного управління; аналіз теоретичного напрацювання державного управління; обґрунтування методів державного управління, їх специфіки; забезпечення цілісності пізнавальної та практичної методологій, їх відкритості для методологічних інновацій.

Визначено, що структура методології державного управління складається з принципів, категорій, норм, цінностей, парадигм, теорій та методів. Теорії і концепції щодо регіонального розвитку базуються на тому, що досягнення високих соціально-економічних показників значною мірою залежить від якості управління, а не ресурсного потенціалу. Відрізняючись за фундаментальними підходами, теорії і концепції пропонують різні механізми впливу на стан територій з урахуванням розміщення економічних об’єктів, їх взаємодії із зовнішнім середовищем, взаємодії і партнерства на місцевому рівні, людського потенціалу та ін. Автором надана сутність зазначених теорій та концепцій.

На думку автора методологія наукового дослідження регіонального розвитку має об’єднати наступні методи: інституційний, системний, соціологічний, історичний, діалектичний, структурно-функціональний, статистичний, ситуаційний, аналіз і синтез, порівняльний аналіз, індукція і дедукція, картографічний, моделювання, вимірювання, описання, узагальнення, спостереження, аналіз документів та ін. В роботі запропоновано практичне використання зазначених методів в дослідженні процесів регіонального розвитку.
Феномен асистенціалізму та соціальної стигматизації у державній політиці України в питаннях соціальної інтеграції людей з інвалідністю
Authors: Бородін Євгеній , Жорняк Андрій
Published: June 2022

У статті встановлено, що напрями соціальної політики Української держави стосовно людей з інвалідністю за роки незалежності зазнали значних змін. Виявлено, що вже зроблені певні кроки для того, щоб в основу державної політики щодо соціального забезпечення осіб з інвалідністю покласти не соціальне забезпечення як пасивну функцію соціального захисту, а гарантування захищеності осіб з інвалідністю шляхом створення для них у суспільстві відповідних умов та рівних можливостей для реалізації життєвих потреб, здібностей і творчого потенціалу, визначено систему заходів, орієнтованих на поліпшення їхньої життєдіяльності, відновлення соціального статусу, досягнення матеріальної незалежності та всебічної інтеграції у суспільство. 

З’ясовано, що досі залишається низка перешкод для людей з інвалідністю на шляху до соціальної інтеграції у суспільство. У статті розкрито зміст понять «асистенціалізм» та «соціальна стигматизація», які провокують зростання байдужості, недоброзичливості у свідомості людей. Автор детально дослідив місце асистенціалізму у державній політиці України, його наслідки у соціальній політиці щодо категорій-одержувачів державної допомоги. Наголошено, явище асистенціалізму вкрай небезпечне, бо тотальна підтримка ущербності, фізичної та інтелектуальної, вбиває будь-яку особисту ініціативу людини щодо підвищення якості власного життя, викликаючи моральну та соціальну деградацію людини, деструкцію її інтелектуального потенціалу. 

Проаналізовано та визначено інструменти соціальної стигматизації у законодавстві України в питаннях соціальної інтеграції людей з інвалідністю. Доведено, що стигма в деяких випадках, позбавляє людину статусу повноцінної, стає джерелом упереджень, дискримінації, соціальної ізоляції стигматизованих, викликає зниження самооцінки і почуття пригніченості, формує негативну соціальну ідентичність і ускладнює психосоціальну адаптацію. Наголошено на необхідність вживання заходів щодо усунення перешкод, спричинених стигматизацією та надмірним асистенціалізмом на шляху інтеграції людей з інвалідністю у суспільство.
Електронне голосування: концептуальні підходи
Authors: Гусаревич Наталія
Published: June 2022

Метою дослідження є визначення концептуальних підходів до поняття "електронні вибори" і визначення перешкод щодо їх впровадження в Україні.

Актуальність теми обумовлена невідповідністю стрімкого впровадження цифрових технологій в усі сфери життя суспільства і перешкодами, що виникли на шляху впровадження електронного голосування в процес волевиявлення громадян. Певним маркером такої ситуації стали місцеві вибори в Україні в 2020 році.

Використовувалися загальні методи дослідницької діяльності, такі як: індукція і дедукція, синтез і аналіз, діалектичний і порівняльний методи.

Проаналізовано існуючі класифікації електронного голосування і розглянуто форми і механізми електронного голосування за кордоном. Визначено правові бар'єри щодо впровадження електронного голосування на виборах. Наведено приклади аргументів негативного ставлення до використання цифрових технологій у волевиявленні громадян. Показано роль і значення електронного голосування в розвитку електронної демократії та функціонуванні електронного уряду.

Зроблено висновок, що невизначеність самого поняття породжує нерозуміння шляхів практичного втілення електронного голосування, створює певні бар'єри подальшого просування в цьому напрямку. На сьогодні, зарубіжні та вітчизняні експерти надали велику кількість пропозицій, які можуть стати елементами "дорожньої карти" із запровадження сучасних цифрових технологій в процес волевиявлення громадян і, таким чином, поможуть подолати численні проблеми традиційної "політтехнологічної" електоральної системи.
Analysis of the New Testament texts on the problem of the Bible interpretation
Authors: Білобрам Орест
Published: June 2022

This article analyzes the texts of the New Testament for the use of references to the Old Testament by the authors. It explores how Jesus Christ, the apostles, and other characters in the pages of the Bible quoted, interpreted, and used the Old Testament texts when writing the New Testament texts. The New Testament texts are analyzed on the basis of biblical theology, beginning with the Gospel of Matthew and ending with the book of Revelation.Adherents of the Christian faith consider the Bible to be the most important book in their lives, as an authoritative, God-inspired Word of God. This encourages them to read the Bible every day and apply the revealed truths in their daily lives. For a correct perception of the truth, it is necessary for a Christian to interpret the Bible correctly. Therefore, the correct approach to the interpretation of the Bible is of paramount importance. Therefore, the fact what the Bible itself says about its interpretation is crucial.It has been found that the quotation of the Old Testament texts by Jesus Christ and the apostles does not cause misunderstandings. The example of Jesus Christ and the apostles of quoting the Old Testament in the pages of the New Testament is exemplary. The approach of Jesus Christ was purely exegetical; He was using Scripture verses in accordance with the meaning given by the original author. His quotations were not taken out of context, and this interpretation of Scripture is an example for His followers. The apostles were guided by a similar method.It has also been found that the use of the Old Testament texts by other characters does not always meet the criteria of modern biblical hermeneutics. This happens because of deliberate distortion or out of contextual use of the Old Testament quotations or banal ignorance of all quotations on a particular topic.The article proves the essential need for a correct interpretation of the Bible. It is determined that Jesus Christ and the authors of the New Testament advocated for a correct understanding and application of the texts of Scripture. Misinterpretation of Scripture texts has been criticized and condemned. No one could make any claims to Jesus Christ on this subject, not even the Pharisees. But Jesus often criticized them for their misinterpretation of God's commandments.
Dynamics of political transformations as a modern criterion of democratization
Authors: Торяник Володимир
Published: June 2022

The article considers dynamic models of structuring political transformations, identifying specific features of structuring specific political transformations. The interrelation of possibilities of objective establishment of communication between political and economic factors of formulation of the agenda of transformations is substantiated.The purpose of this article is to establish a methodology for the interaction of levels and trends of political transformation, which forms a kind of model of relations between institutions.Research methods. The structural-functional method is used for the analysis of centralizing principles of unified state management and changes in search of compromise models of territorial management; the method of comparison is used to identify key issues in the formation of a model of transformational relations between centers and regions in the newly formed states, in particular the concentration of power and real control over resources; method of retrospective reconstruction for the analysis of views on the interaction of levels of transformations in modern socio-humanitarian disciplines.Results. An assessment of the interaction of levels of transformation in a modern democratic society and the impact of the diversity of political institutions, which have the ability to freely shape the agenda and requirements for political transformation. It is proved that the example of political processes of modern Ukraine testifies to the possibility of formation of modern political forces and social and political projects. Emphasis is placed on the implementation of the representation of power groups as a principle of national policy, which may conflict with the tasks of political transformation. The mechanisms of dynamization of political transformations, which form the basis of interactions of the central and regional levels of transformation processes, are revealed. The specifics of interaction of tendencies of economic and political transformations in construction of stable and constructively oriented relations between the state power and businessmen are noted. The substantiation of patronage by business reformist power teams in certain territories in order to provide resource and electoral support as one of the basic processes of institutionalization of modern political transformations is offered.
The Cold War in the Programs and Activities of the Left-wing Political Parties and Trade Unions in Canada (1956-1962)
Authors: Ткаченко Вадим
Published: June 2022

The aim of the article is to show the ideological transformation of the left part of the Canadian political spectrum from the post-stalinist shifts till the Cuban missile crisis. The presented material can be used in further studies of the Cold war from the ideological approach. The results of the study can contribute to the better understanding of the Cold War history in Canada, regarding the global confrontation as a conflict of not only the superpowers but also the ideas. The article is also a case study of political parties, making an account of factors which caused organizational instability and changes in their ideological orientation. The main results: it has been found that there was a significant right-wing ideological shift in the Canadian Labour movement and Social Democrats as well. On the other hand, our study shows how the Communists were able to keep their ideological background stable and overcome the organizational weakness of 1956-59, even if the price was paid in losing some people the among their ranks. 

The article shows a wide range of factors that influenced that drift. Concise conclusions: It is shown that overall the Canadian left were weakened during this period. The most powerful leftist party, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, has shown a denounce of some Marxist theses in the 1956 conference, and that led it to further centrist transformation, united with the labour movement in this drift. The Cold war influenced this shift in many cases, as the Left program documents consistently show the distancing from the communist regimes which are claimed as totalitarian.  The Communist Party of Canada was left as a one, and reasonably weak, pro-soviet power, remaining somewhat orthodox in its doctrinal ideological beliefs. Their activities were crippled as well due to societal opposal to them as a rival Cold war side. Originality and scientific novelty of the current article are based on the fact that, for the first time, the attempt has been made to give an account of program changes of the Canadian Left while considering the factors which led to them (or their absence). For the first time there has been made a comparison of those changes which gives us possibility to characterize Canadian political climate during the subsequent period.
The Place of Transnational Migration in the Process of Integration of Azerbaijani Migrants to the European Socio-Cultural Environment
Authors: Рагімлі Руслан
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the concept of transnationalism, to study transnational processes in the process of integration of Azerbaijani migrants into the European socio-cultural environment, the level of transnationalism among Azerbaijani migrants.

The article examines the theoretical foundations of transnationalism and analyzes its practical aspects in the example of Azerbaijani migrants. It is noted that transnationalism explains a new form of intercultural relations between the migrant and the receiving country, which is a new approach that transcends national, state, territorial and political borders. Transnational migration is perceived as a migration model in which migrants cross the borders of national states and settle in a new country, but simultaneously become carriers of socio-cultural values of both origin (sender society) and host (receiver) society, identifys itself with both societies, intensively interacts with the country of origin (sender). 

The article also examines the activities of the most famous schools and scholars in the field of transnationalism. Among them are Joseph S. Nye, Robert O. Keohane, Martin Albrow, Nina Glick-Schiller, Linda Bash, Christina Szanton-Blanck, Foner N, Pries L,  Levitt P. Portes A, Faist T. The integration problems of Azerbaijani immigrants living in European countries are studied from the perspective of transnationalism. It is noted that the number of Azerbaijanis living in Europe living as dual immigrants is increasing. Despite the fact that Azerbaijani migrants live in European countries, they have extensive relations with Azerbaijan, and some even continue their work and cultural life both in Europe and in Azerbaijan. These migrants are engaged both in business and other areas in the country of origin, acquire properties in Azerbaijan, open offices and live an active socio-cultural life almost in both the sending society and the receiving society. It is noted in the article that immigrants with a higher socio-economic status are more likely to act as transnational migrants. Multilateral interaction of immigrants leads to the inclusion in the general sphere of communication of the country that perceives socio-cultural relations with the country of origin. Thus, according to these provisions, migration is not moving of people from one country to another, but a way to expand the space of socio-cultural interaction.
Analysis of the Main Factors Affecting the Development of Human Capital as One of the Key Strategical Objectives in the Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors: Мехдієв Ульфат
Published: June 2022

Sustainable development is one of the most challenging and pressing challenges facing humanity. One of the driving factors of sustainable development is the successful development of human potential and the transformation of this potential into human capital. In recent decades, reproducible human capital has begun to occupy a significant share in the structure of the national wealth of many developed countries.

In developed countries, the share of human capital in the country's national wealth reaches 70%, thereby significantly exceeding the importance of natural and physical capital in economic growth. Due to the variety of factors and conditions affecting the sustainable development of countries, the development of human potential and the formation of human capital around the world is happening with different dynamics. This largely depends on government priorities and policies in the field of full development of human potential, the creation of favorable social, economic and environmental conditions for its successful implementation. The author researches the factors that influence the development of human capital to varying degrees, analyzes various government policies aimed at the development of human capital, analyses experience of the public administration mechanisms in the Republic of Azerbaijan aimed at human development and the development of human capital. An important aspect of the success of the implementation of government programs is the assessment by influential international organizations of various country indicators. The article also highlights topical issues related to the development of human capital within the framework of national development priorities until 2030. The reforms carried out in the Republic of Azerbaijan in the field of vocational education, health care, demographic policy, the implementation of programs to support the private sector, especially small and medium-sized businesses, the creation of favorable conditions for investment in various sectors of the economy are important factors for the development of human capital in the medium and long term.

The purpose of the article is to study the factors influencing the development of human capital in the Republic of Azerbaijan, to analyze the state measures carried out in the country aimed at creating the necessary conditions for the development of human capital.