bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Correlation between Methylation Disorders Caused by the MTHFR Polymorphism and the Folates (Folic Acid, 5-MTHF) Metabolism, in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Diagnosed by Invasive Coronary Angiography—Preliminary Results
Authors: Pietruszyńska-Reszetarska Agnieszka , Pietruszyński Robert , Majsterek Ireneusz , Popławski Tomasz , Skrzypek Maciej , Kolesińska Beata , Waśko Joanna , Watała Cezary , Kapusta Joanna , Irzmański Robert
Published: July 2023

Background: The presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding key en-zyme in the folate pathway methyltetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), causes methylation disorders associated with CAD development. Methods: Study group: 42 patients with CAD con-firmed by coronary angiography. Controls: 16 patients without CAD symptoms or significant coronary artery stenosis, based on invasive coronary angiography or multislice computed to-mography with coronary artery calcification scoring. Real-time PCR genotyping was assessed using TaqMan™ probes. Folic acid and 5-MTHF concentrations in blood serum were determined by LC-MS. Results: c.[1286A>C];[1286A>C] MTHFR polymorphism occurred significantly more often in (CAD+) patients compared to (CAD-) cohort and to the European population. The con-centration of 5-MTHF and folic acid in the subgroups of patients with methylation disorders di-vided by genotypes and (CAD+) was lower compared to (CAD-). Conclusions: The homozygous c.1286 A>C MTHFR variant can be considered as CAD genetic marker. In the subjects with the c.1286 A>C heterozygous and homozygous genotypes, lower concentrations of methyltetrahy-drofolate (5-MTHF) were observed. 5-MTHF can be considered as a biomarker of CAD. Identifi-cation of people at high risk of CAD using genetic tests can contribute to personalized therapy using active (methylated) form of folic acid (5-MTHF) in CAD patients with MTHFR polymor-phisms.
Investigation of the Reactor Decommissioning Dose Field Calculation and Virtual Simulation Techniques: Preliminary Design for the Decommissioning of the First Heavy Water Research Reactor (HWRR) Reactor in China
Authors: Guo Yaping , Zhao Zelong
Published: July 2023

The calculation and visualization of the dose field in the decommissioning of nuclear facilities is one of the important functions of the decommissioning virtual simulation system, which can provide accurate and intuitive radiation field distribution and play an important role in determining the demolition plan and protecting personnel during the engineering implementation process. This article investigates the development of dose field calculation and visualization in the reactor decommissioning virtual simulation systems, and preliminarily proposes a technical plan suitable for the development of the decommissioning dose field calculation and visualization display programs for the first Heavy Water Research Reactor (HWRR) in China. Besides, the applicability of the selected scheme is analyzed, the functional requirement and development direction of the HWRR reactor decommissioning dose field calculation and visual display module are preliminarily determined. Furthermore, the reactor vessel of HWRR reactor is modeled and the dose field distribution was calculated and visualized. This research can provide technical support for the development of the decommissioning simulation system for the first HWRR reactor in China.
A New Paradigm in the Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Breast Cancer: ß-Glucuronidase Enzyme Identified as Potential Therapeutic Target
Authors: Fernández-Murga María Leonor , Gil Ortiz Fernando , Serrano García Lucía , Llombart-Cussac Antonio
Published: July 2023

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy and the second cause of cancer specific death in women from high-income countries. More than 70% of all breast cancer are hormone receptor-positive BC, and elevated estrogen circulating in blood has been proved to be a strong risk for BC development. This is due to its contribution to enhance proliferation of cancerous cells, angiogenesis and metastasis stimulation and therapy resistance. The estrogen (E) metabolism–gut microbiome axis is functional with underlying individual variations in E levels. It is reasonable that the estrobolome (bacterial genes whose products are capable of metabolizing E) could contribute to the risk of hormone-driven malignancies including BC and may serve as a potential biomarker and target. Gut microbial β -glucuronidase (GUS) enzymes have been suggested to be involved in the estrobolome. Furthermore, bacterial GUS enzymes within the gastrointestinal tract have been postulated to contribute to hormone breast cancer. In this review, we discuss the recent knowledge about the role of GUS enzyme in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. We focus on the role of GUS in (i)-the microbioma and estrogen metabolism, (ii) diet, estrobolome, and the BC development, (iii) other activities of the bacterial β-glucuronidase, and (iv) the new molecular target for BC therapeutic application.
Hybrid Turbo-shaft Engine Digital Twining for Autonomous Air-crafts via AI and Synthetic Data Generation
Authors: AGHAZADEH ARDEBILI Ali , FICARELLA Antonio , Longo Antonella , KHALIL Adem , KHALIL Sabri
Published: July 2023

Autonomous aircraft are the key enablers of future urban services, such as postal and transportation systems. Digital Twins (DT) are promising cutting-edge technologies that can transform the future transport ecosystem into an autonomous and resilient system. However, since DT is a data-driven solution based on AI, proper data management is essential in implementing DT as a Service (DTaaS). One of the challenges in DT development is the availability of real-life data, particularly for training algorithms and verifying the functionality of DT. The current article focuses on data augmentation through synthetic data generation. This approach can facilitate the development of DT in case the developers do not have enough data to train the Machine Learning (ML) algorithm. The current twinning approach provides a prospective ideal state of the engine used for proactive monitoring of the engine’s health as an anomaly detection service. In line with the track of Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles (UAV) for Urban Air Mobility in Smart Cities applications, this paper focuses specifically on the common Hybrid turbo-shaft in drones/helicopters. However, there is a significant gap in real-life similar synthetic data generation in the UAV domain literature. Therefore, Rolling Linear Regression and Kalman Filter algorithms were implemented on noise-added data, which simulate the data measured from the engine in a real-life operational lifecycle. For both thermal and hybrid models, the corresponding DT model has shown high efficiency in noise filtration and a certain amount of predictions with a lower error rate on all engine parameters, except the engine torque.
Entropy of Charge Inversion in DNA Including One-Loop Fluctuations
Authors: Sievert Matthew D. , Bishop Marilyn F. , McMullen Tom
Published: July 2023

The entropy and charge distributions have been calculated for a simple model of polyelectrolytes attached to the surface of DNA using a field-theoretic method that includes fluctuations to the lowest one-loop order beyond mean-field theory. Experiments have revealed correlation-driven behavior of DNA in charged solutions, including charge inversion and condensation. In our model, the condensed polyelectrolytes are taken to be doubly charged dimers of length comparable to the distance between sites along the phosphate chains. Within this lattice-gas model, each adsorption site is assumed to have either a vacancy or a positively-charged dimer attached with the dimer oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the double helix DNA chain. We find that the inclusion of the fluctuation terms decreases the entropy by ∼50% in the weak binding regime. There, the bound dimer concentration is low because the dimers are repelled from the DNA molecule, which competes with the chemical potential driving them from the solution to the DNA surface. Surprisingly, this decrease in entropy due to correlations is so significant that it overcompensates for the entropy increase at the mean field level, so that the total entropy is even lower than in the absence of interactions between lattice sites. As a bonus, we present a transparent exposition of the methods used that could be useful to students and others wishing to use this formulation to extend this calculation to more realistic models.
Improvement and Control of the Customer Service System, through a simulation of the Waiting Line model: case study in a telecommunications company
Authors: Barros Enriquez José David , Mite Leonardo Arturo Baque , Morocho Angel Moises Avemañay , Lopez Milton Ivan Villafuerte
Published: July 2023

This work focused on proposing a plan for improvement and control of the customer service process in a customer service center, based on a waiting line analysis where it describes all the elements that interact in the system and a statistical analysis of processes to define the state in which it operates. Subsequently, the simulation of processes is applied to represent the system studied, and with it, to be able to evaluate different strategies for improvement and increase in productivity. The following strategies were evaluated: correction of the instability of customer service processes, establishment of new specification limits according to the promise of value to be fulfilled to customers, human resource management, administrative technical support. Finally, with the results obtained from the simulation of the system, the improvement and productivity increase plan is planned according to the DMAMC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control, or DMAIC) continuous improvement cycle established in six sigma
Nonlinear Models Explain the Growth of Pure and Hybrid Neotropical Fish Fed with Different Food Programs
Authors: Gervaz Woshinghton Rocha Gervaz , Leonardo Antonio Fernando , Hashimoto Diogo Teruo , Allaman Ivan Bezerra , Lattanzi Gabriel Rinaldi , Reis Neto Rafael Vilhena
Published: July 2023

We evaluated the growth of four genetic groups, two pure (pacu and tambaqui) and two hybrids (tambacu and paqui) of Serrasalmidae fish fed with different feeding programs. Over the five months, 30 animals from each genetic group that were evaluated in three cages with 10 animals from each genetic group per cage. A different feeding program was used for each cage, consisting of three commercial diets containing 24, 28, or 32% crude protein (CP) in different combinations. A logistic model or an exponential were used to fit the growth curves. The evaluation time did not allow the adjustment of the logistic model for the tambaqui and paqui groups, as well as for the animals fed the food program with the highest initial protein intake. Pure pacu proved to be an early performing group, while tambacu hybrid reached a higher final weight without slowing down growth.
Anion Complexation by an Azocalix [4]Arene Derivative and the Scope of Its Fluoride Com-Plex Salt to Capture CO2 from the Air
Authors: de Namor Angela Fatima Danil , Al Hakawati Nawal
Published: July 2023

A newly synthesized upper rim azocalix[4]arene, namely, 5,11,17,23-tetra[(4-ethylacetoxyphenyl) (azo)]calix[4]arene, CA-AZ was fully characterized and its chromogenic and selective properties for anions are reported. The receptor is selective for the fluoride anion and its mode of interaction in solution is discussed. The kinetics of the complexation process was found to be very fast as reflected in the immediate color change observed with a naked eye resulting from the receptor-anion interaction. Emphasis is made about the relevance in selecting a solvent in which the formulation of the process is representative of the events taking place in the solution. The composition of the fluoride complex investigated by UV/VIS spectrophotometry, conductance measurements and titration calorimetry was 1:1 and the thermodynamics of complexation was determined. The fluoride complex salt was isolated, and a detailed investigation was carried out to assess its ability to remove CO2 from the air. Recycling of the complex was easily achieved. Final conclusions are given.
Lightweight Network DCR-YOLO for Surface Defect Detection on Printed Circuit Boards
Authors: Jiang Yuanyuan , Cai MengNan , Zhang Dong
Published: July 2023

Abstract: For the problem of small target of printed circuit board surface defects and low detection accuracy, the printed circuit board surface defect detection network DCR-YOLO is designed to meet the premise of real-time detection speed and effectively improve the detection accuracy. Firstly, the backbone feature extraction network DCR-backbone, consisting of two CR residual blocks and one common residual block, is used for small target defect extraction on printed circuit boards. Secondly, the SDDT-FPN feature fusion module is responsible for the fusion of high level features to low level features, while enhancing feature fusion for the feature fusion layer where the small target prediction head YOLO Head-P3 is located to further enhance the low level feature representation. the PCR module enhances the feature fusion mechanism between the backbone feature extraction network and the SDDT-FPN feature fusion module at different scales of feature layers. the C5ECA module is responsible for adaptive adjustment of feature weights and adaptive attention to the requirements of small target defect information, further enhancing the adaptive feature extraction capability of the feature fusion module. Finally, three YOLO-Heads are responsible for predicting small target defects for different scales. Experiments show that the DCR-YOLO network model detection Map reaches 98.58%, the model size is 7.73MB, which meets the lightweight requirement, and the detection speed reaches 103.15fps, which meets the application requirements for real-time detection of small target defects.
Role of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) in the Treatment of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Asadollahzadeh Elnaz , Ebadi Zahra , Rezaeimanesh Nasim , Naser Moghadasi Abdorreza
Published: July 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a persistent inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an enzyme crucial in the communication process of B cells, which have a significant impact on the development of MS. Recently, BTK inhibitors have emerged as a promising treatment strategy for MS due to their ability to modulate the immune system. In this study, an extensive literature search was performed utilizing multiple databases, such as PubMed, Embase, and Scopus to examine the potential use of BTK inhibitors in managing cognitive disorders experienced by individuals with MS. We found that BTK inhibitors targeting microglia offer potential advantages for managing neurodegeneration associated with cognitive impairments in MS patients by slowing down degeneration processes effectively. Their ability to impact microglial function and penetrate the CNS positions them as promising candidates for improving cognitive function. This study suggests that BTK inhibitors provide new possibilities for managing inflammatory and neurodegenerative phases of MS through their effects on microglia activation pathways. Further research and clinical trials are necessary to fully explore their efficacy in treating MS while addressing barriers related to cognitive impairment.
Experimental Study on the Effect of Freeze-Thaw on the Mechanical and Permeability Characteristics of Coal
Authors: Gao Heng , Lu Jun , Zhang Zetian , Li Cong , Li Yihang
Published: July 2023

The safe and efficient mining of coal seams with low porosity, low permeability and high inhomogeneity under complex geological conditions is a major challenge, among which the permeability of coal seams is crucial for coal mine gas extraction. The development of coal seam permeability enhancement technology can help coal mines to produce safely and efficiently, and the extracted coal bed methane can be utilized as a green energy. In order to study the effect of freezing and thawing on the evolution of mechanical and permeability properties of coal, triaxial permeability tests were carried out on low-permeability coal under two kinds of surrounding pressures. At the same time, dry, saturated and freeze-thaw coal were set up for comparison, and the effects of water and freeze-thaw were separated from each other. The triaxial mechanics and percolation laws of dry, saturated and freeze-thaw coal rocks were obtained, and the mechanism of the influence of freeze-thaw on the permeability evolution law of coal was revealed. The research results can provide theoretical guidance for the gas extraction technology of low permeability coal seams with increased permeability.
Mycobacterium avium ssp. Paratuberculosis and Crohn’s Disease—Time to Consider New Therapeutic Approaches?
Authors: Aitken John M , Aitken Jack E , Agrawal Gaurav
Published: July 2023

Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne’s disease (JD) in animals and a suspected cause of Crohn’s disease (CD) in humans. Crohn’s Disease is a progressive, detrimental granulomatous enteritis of which common therapies are targeted to suppressing certain components of the immune system. The efficacy of these treatments can be variable and temporary with no clear process of selection for the individual patient. However, diagnosis of MAP has been elusive in patients with Crohn’s Disease. In animals it can be detected by several different techniques, including bacterial cell culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunological targets. To move to an understanding of the possible pathogenicity of MAP and the sup-posed cause of CD in humans, it is necessary to demonstrate the presence of cell wall deficient mycobacterial (CWDM) forms of MAP in blood and tissue cultures from patients with CD. From this, more tailored and accurate therapies can be implemented and be developed to eradicate this infectious organism from humans. Current anti-mycobacterial antibiotics have limited efficacy as MAP is subtly different from tuberculosis. Newer methods, such as vaccination and gut microbiome remediation will be essential as part of combination therapies.
On the Definition of a Comprehensive Technology-informed Accessibility Metric for Offshore Renewable Energy Site Selection
Authors: Konuk Erim Bora , Centeno-Telleria Manu , Zarketa-Astigarraga Ander , Aizpurua Jose Ignacio , Giorgi Giuseppe , Bracco Giovanni , Penalba Markel
Published: July 2023

Despite the important role of offshore renewable energies in the energy transition, the economical viability is still unclear. Therefore, an appropriate site selection is crucial. Besides the energy potential, the impact of operation and maintenance (O&M) aspects on the location can be critical. Traditional accessibility assessment metrics do not allow a comprehensive evaluation. Therefore, the present paper suggests a novel, technology-informed metric, incorporating the overall set of most critical aspects, i.e. metocean conditions, visibility due to sunlight and sea fog, system failures, and O&M logistics. Among the different aspects, limited visibility is shown to be highly relevant with a reduction of up to 60% in accessibility. The study assesses accessibility in 5 different locations across Europe. On the one hand, accessibility is shown to be less sensitive to long-term resource variations with a reduction of 5% in the last 6 decades. On the other hand, accessibility is shown to be inversely proportional to the energy potential overall, meaning that as energy potential increases, accessibility is reduced, increasing downtime, reducing final energy generation and increasing the final cost of energy. As a consequence, site selection should combine energy potential and accessibility assessments, which is enabled by the technology-informed metric presented here.
Characterization of Essential Oils from the Skin of Citrus limetta Risso, Citrus limetta Sp., Citrus reticulata and Citrus sinensis Grown in Northeastern Peru
Authors: Vasquez-Gomez Katheryn L. , Mori-Mestanza Diner , Idrogo-Vasquez Guillermo , Fernández-Jeri Armstrong B. , Auquiñivin-Silva Erick A. , Castro-Alayo Efraín M. , Cruz-Lacerna Rosita , Muñoz-Astecker Lucas D. , Balcázar-Zumaeta César R. , Torrejón-Valqui Llisela , Yoplac-Collantes Cindy , Yoplac Ives , Chavez Segundo G.
Published: July 2023

The revaluation of agri-food waste to provide consumers with bioactive compounds for a healthy and environmentally sustainable diet is growing exponentially in society. In the present work, the chemical and physical properties of essential oils (EO) extracted from the peels of four citrus fruits grown and commercialized in Amazonas, Peru: lime (Citrus limetta Risso), sweet lemon (Citrus limetta sp.), mandarin (Citrus reticulata) and orange (Citrus sinensis) were determined. The essential oils were extracted using green solvent and then their antioxidant capacity was determined by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging technique; the total phenolic content using Folin Ciocalteu's reagent. Total flavonoids, refractive index, density, specific heat capacity, Ramam mapping and main phenolic compounds were also determined by liquid chromatography (UHPLC-DAD). It was found that lime and mandarin essential oils had higher antioxidant capacity (1592.38 and 1216.13 μmol TE/g) and higher total phenolic content (680.78 and 420.28 mg AGE/g); while sweet lemon peel essential oil had higher total flavonoid content (23.18 mg QE/g). Given their characteristics, these essential oils have a high potential for use in the food and/or pharmaceutical industry.
Unconventional Names and Those Associated with Forest Environments Reduce Expectations about Juice - Contributions to the Valuation of Sociobiodiversity Products
Authors: Santos Élida Monique da Costa , Barbosa Déborah Monteiro , Gomes Danúbia Lins , Santos Gabriela Maria Cota dos , Caetano Roberta de Almeida , Queiroz Fabiane da Silva , Silva Nicholas Lima de Souza , Silva Rafael Ricardo Vasconcelos da , Medeiros Patrícia Muniz de
Published: July 2023

Despite the global richness of food plants, only a small portion is used as food for humans. Although most wild food plants (WFPs) are underutilized as food, they can contribute to food security and biocultural conservation through sustainable management. The goal of this research was to identify the best terminological presentation of a novel food product and to understand the influences of the expectations on products with WFP. This research was conducted using an online questionnaire with a final national sample of 724 people. The participants answered questions about their socioeconomic profile, food neophobia, prior knowledge, and expectations regarding the taste and appropriateness of native fruit juices. The questions were randomized so that a person would not receive the same picture or product name more than once. The results show that taste expectancy decreases in relation to products associated with WFP names and forest environments. Food neophobia is the variable that influences expectations the most. To ensure biocultural conservation and cultural valuation, WFP popularization programs should maintain the original (popular) name of the species. However, to help more distant consumers develop familiarity, the flavor, shape, color, or texture of these products can be associated with those of conventional plants.
Graph-Theoretical Analysis of Biological Networks
Authors: Erciyes Kayhan
Published: July 2023

: Biological networks such as protein interaction networks, gene regulation networks and metabolic pathways are examples of complex networks which are large graphs with small-world and scale-free properties. Analysis of these networks has a profound effect on our understanding the origins of life, health and disease states of organisms, and diagnose diseases to aid the search for remedial processes. In this review, we describe main analysis methods of biological networks using graph theory by first defining main parameters such as clustering coefficient, modularity and centrality. We then survey fundamental graph clustering methods and algorithms followed by the network motif search algorithms with the aim of finding repeating subgraphs in a biological network graph. A frequently appearing subgraph usually conveys a basic function carried out by that small network and discovering such a function provides an insight to the overall function of the organism. Lastly, we review network alignment algorithms that achieve to find similarities between two or more graphs representing biological networks. A conserved subgraph between the biological networks of organisms may mean a common ancestor and finding such relationship may help researchers derive ancestral relationships and predict the future evolution of organisms to enable designing new drugs. We conclude by the current challenging areas of biological network analysis using graph theory and parallel processing for high performance analysis
Comparative Mitogenome Analysis of Two Native Apple Snail Species (Ampullariidae, Pomacea) from Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Mendivil Alejandro , Ramírez Rina , Morin Jaime , Ramírez Jorge L. , Siccha-Ramirez Raquel , Britzke Ricardo , Rivera Fátima , Ampuero Andre , Oliveros Nilda , Congrains Carlos
Published: July 2023

Apple snails of the genus Pomacea (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae) are native to the Neotropics and exhibit high species diversity. They hold cultural and ecological significance, serving as an important protein source in Peru. However, this genus has also received broad interest worldwide due to its invasive capacity, especially in Southeast Asia, where some species such as Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822) and P. maculata Perry, 1810 are considered significant pests. Consequently, most genetic studies have focused almost exclusively on these invasive species. In contrast, few efforts have been made to understand the evolutionary relationships of the South American native species, especially at the genomic level. In this study, we assembled and annotated the mitochondrial genome of two Pomacea species native to the Peruvian Amazon: Pomacea reevei Ampuero & Ramírez, 2023 and P. aulanieri (Deville & Huppé, 1850). Through a comprehensive comparison with available mitogenomes on NCBI, we found that the length and organization of these mitogenomes fall within the range of what is currently known in Pomacea. Comparisons between these mitogenomes with those previously published revealed differences in the overlapping of adjacent genes, the size of certain protein-coding genes (PCGs) and the secondary structure of some tRNAs which are consistent with the phylogenetic relationships between these species. These findings provide valuable insights into the systematics and genomics of the genus Pomacea.
Short-Term Effects of Dietary Protein Supplementation on Physical Recovery in Older Patients at Risk of Malnutrition during Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Strasser Barbara , Grote Vincent , Bily Walter , Nics Helena , Riedl Patricia , Jira Ines , Fischer Michael J.
Published: July 2023

It is estimated that about 50% of geriatric rehabilitation patients suffer from sarcopenia. Thereby, malnutrition is frequently associated with sarcopenia and dietary intake is the main modifiable risk factor. During hospitalization, older adults are recommended to consume more dietary protein than the current recommended dietary allowance of 0.8 g/kg body weight per day to optimize the recovery of muscular strength and physical function. This prospective study examined the effect of a short-term protein supplementation with protein-enriched foods and drinks on hand-grip strength, nutritional status and physical function in older patients at risk of malnutrition during a three week inpatient orthopedic rehabilitation stay. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used to assess malnutrition. Patients with a MNA score ≤ 23.5 points were randomly assigned to an intervention group (goal: to consume 1.2–1.5 g protein/kg body weight per day) or a control group (standard care). Both groups carried out the same rehabilitation program. Physical recovery parameters were determined at admission and discharge. There was a trend for participants in the intervention group to consume more protein than the control group (P = 0.058): 95.3 (SD 13.2) g/day as compared to 77.2 (SD 24.2) g/day, which corresponds to a mean protein intake of 1.6 (SD 0.3) g/kg/day vs. 1.3 (SD 0.5) g/kg/day. Dietary protein supplementation increased body weight by an average of 0.9 (SD 1.1) kg and fat mass by an average of 0.9 (SD 1.2) kg as compared with baseline (P = 0.039 and P = 0.050, respectively). There was no significant change in hand-grip strength, body composition and physical function. In conclusion, a short-term intervention with protein-enriched foods and drinks enabled older patients at risk of malnutrition to increase their protein intake to levels that are higher than their required intake. In these older individuals with appropriate protein intake, dietary protein supplementation did not result in a greater improvement in physical recovery outcomes during short-term inpatient rehabilitation. The intervention improved dietary protein intake, but further research (e.g., a full-scale randomized controlled trial with sufficient power) is required to determine the effects on physical function outcomes.
Relationship between Duffy Genotype/Phenotype and Prevalence of Plasmodium vivax Infestation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Picón-Jaimes Yelson Alejandro , Lozada-Martinez Ivan David , Orozco-Chinome Javier Esteban , Molina-Franky Jessica , Acevedo-Lopez Domenica , Acevedo-Lopez Nicole , Bolaño-Romero Maria Paz , Visconti-Lopez Fabriccio , Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: July 2023

The Duffy protein, a transmembrane molecule, functions as a receptor for various chemokines and facilitates attachment between the reticulocyte and the Plasmodium Duffy antigen-binding protein. Duffy expression correlates with the Duffy receptor gene for the chemokine, located on chromosome 1, and exhibits geographical variability worldwide. Traditionally, researchers have described the Duffy negative genotype as a protective factor against phenotypic malaria expression. However, recent studies suggest this microorganism's evolution potentially diminishes this protective effect. Nevertheless, there is currently insufficient global data to demonstrate this phenomenon. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the Duffy genotype/phenotype and the prevalence of Plasmodium vivax infection. The protocol for the systematic review was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42022353427 and involved reviewing published studies from 2012 to 2022. Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Scielo databases were consulted. Assessments of study quality were conducted using the STROBE and GRADE tools. A total of 34 studies were included, with Africa accounting for most recorded studies. The results varied significantly regarding the relationship between the Duffy genotype/phenotype and Plasmodium vivax invasion. Some studies predominantly featured the negative Duffy genotype yet reported no malaria cases. Other studies identified minor percentages of infections. Conversely, certain studies observed a higher prevalence (99%) of Duffy-negative individuals infected with Plasmodium vivax. In conclusion, no evidence of a gender-specific distribution of malaria between Duffy-negative men and women was found. However, evidence supports that the homozygous Duffy genotype positive for the A allele (FY*A/*A) is associated with a higher incidence of Plasmodium infection. Furthermore, the negative Duffy genotype does not confer protection against this disease.
Analyses of Subsample Averaging of Single Trials for Event-Related Potential Classification
Authors: Chen Xiaoqian , Gupta Lalit
Published: July 2023

Event-related potentials (ERPs) are estimated by averaging time-locked single trial electroencephalography (EEG) signals in response to specific events or stimuli. Classifying ERPs accurately is a challenge because (a) single trials have poor signal-to-noise-ratios (SNRs) and (b) it is difficult to collect large single trial ensembles to generate high SNR ERPs for classifier training and testing. The m-subsample averaging (m-SA) strategy which generates small-sample ERPs by repeated averaging of a small number of single trials drawn without replacement, has been proposed as a solution to the two problems. An ERP formed by averaging m single trials is referred to as an m-ERP where m is referred to as the averaging parameter. In this study, we conduct thorough analyses of m-SA and focus on issues not addressed in previous studies to better understand the beneficial properties of m-SA and to further support its application for ERP classification. Specifically, we (a) analyze the improvement in SNR as a function of m using the mean-root-mean-square SNR and visual analyses of m-ERP plots with confidence intervals, (b) analyze the improvement in interclass separation as a function of m, (c) determine how the SNR and interclass separation analyses can help to select the averaging parameter m, (d) determine the number of distinct m-ERPs that can be drawn from a single-trial ensemble, and (e) determine several probabilities related to the generation of distinct m-ERPs. Furthermore, an extensive set of experiments are designed to analyze the performance of support vector machine and convolution neural network classifiers employing m-SA with various combinations of the averaging parameters used for generating the training and test sets. The results confirm that ERPs can be classified accurately using small subsample averaging. Most importantly, it is concluded that m-SA can be deployed in practice to accurately classify ERPs in brain activity research and in clinical applications without having to collect a prohibitively large number of single trials.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Violence Against Paramedics in a Single Canadian Site
Authors: Mausz Justin , Johnston Mandy , Arseneau-Bruneau Dominique , Batt Alan , Donnelly Elizabeth Anne
Published: July 2023

Violence against paramedics has been described as a ‘serious public health problem’ but one that remains ‘vastly underreported’, owing to an organizational culture that stigmatizes reporting – hindering efforts at risk mitigation in addition to creating a gap in research. Leveraging a novel reporting process developed after extensive stakeholder consultation and embedded within the electronic patient care record, our objective was to provide a descriptive profile of violence against paramedics in a single paramedic service in Ontario, Canada. Between February 1, 2021, through January 31, 2023, a total of 374 paramedics in Peel Region (48% of the workforce) generated 941 violence reports, of which 40% documented physical (n=364) or sexual (n=19) assault. The violence was typically perpetrated by patients (78%) and primarily took place at the scene of the 9-1-1 call (47%); however, violent behavior frequently persisted or recurred while in transit to hospital and after arrival. Collectively, mental health, alcohol, or drug use were listed as contributing circumstances in 83% of violence reports. In all, 81 paramedics were physically harmed because of an assault. On average, our data correspond to a paramedic filing a violence report every 18 hours, being physically assaulted every 46 hours, and injured every 9 days.
Skrining Novel Prebiotik Selective Fermentation Initiator (SFI) Untuk Bakteri Probiotik Elektrogenik Kulit
Authors: Adi Prakoso , Mulyani Rizka , Jackson Yang John
Published: July 2023

The ability of electrogenic bacteria to generate electricity has been widely reported. In some cases of bacteria, the electricity production comes from the bacterial fermentation process of SFI compounds by these bacteria. Later, the resulted electrons are transferred out from inside to extracellular recipient molecules. Among of these studies has shown the ability of gram-positive bacteria S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 in terms of SFI compounds utilization to increase bacterial electron production and its application in the medical field. Based on these studies, the discovery of new SFI compounds becomes interesting to be explored. In this study, a new SFI compound was screened from 24 different compounds. The screen was initiated by testing the ability of these compounds to increase the fermentation activity of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 in a 96-well plate. Determination of SFI compound was carried out by checking the exclusivity of the compound to increase the fermentation activity of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228. The selected SFI compound was then tested for cytotoxicity against this bacterium and its ability to increase the electron production of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 using a microbial fuel cell (MCF). This study was successfully demonstrated the non-toxic properties of p-coumaric acid, also the ability of this compound to increase the fermentation activity and electron production of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228. This research is expected to be the first step to find another novel SFI compounds that will be useful in certain fields in the future.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Keluhan Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) Pada Pekerja Divisi Teknologi di PT INKA (Persero) Madiun
Authors: Farida Ashaar Syifa , Lilia Wardani Tyas , Syahrotun Nisa S Farhana
Published: July 2023

The technology division at PT INKA (Persero) is a division responsible for carrying out work related to industrial technology and requires workers to use two computer monitors for 8 working hours. This can lead to workers being more vulnerable to experiencing CVS. This study is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional approach. The respondents of this study were all 55 technology division workers at PT INKA (Persero) with sampling techniques using total sampling. The data analysis techniques used are Somers'd for bivariate tests and logistic regression for multivariate tests. The results of the Somers'd correlation showed that from the 4 factors analyzed there were 2 factors that were significantly related to CVS complaints, namely the use of a blue light filter (p = 0.018) and the length of eye rest (p = 0.00). Based on the results of the logistic regression test, it is known that the most related factors related to CVS complaintsis the length of eye rest time (OR = 33.181).
Hubungan Kebisingan dan Beban Kerja Fisik Dengan Kualitas Tidur Pada Pekerja Bagian Tenun di CV. X
Authors: Nugraha Rizal Pratama , Fajariani Ratna , Chahyadhi Bachtiar
Published: July 2023

Sleep is a basic need for every human being. Everyone can not be separated from sleep, where a person's condition depends on the quality of sleep. Sleep, which is directly related to health and quality of life, is a basic need for humans to continue their bio-psycho-social and cultural functions. Sleep quality can be affected by the noise and also physical workload. This study aims to determine the relationship between noise and physical workload with sleep quality on weavers at CV. X. This research is an analytic observational study, with a cross sectional approach. This research using total sampling technique with total 40 workers in the weaving section of CV. X. The research instrument used is a sound level meter to measure noise, pulseoxymeter to measure physical workload, and PSQI questionnaire Tools to measure sleep quality. The data analysis technique used spearmen's-rho, somers'd, and binary logistic regression. Spearman’s-rho test results showed that there was a significant correlation between noise and sleep quality (p=0,010), direction of correlation positive, and correlation coefficient medium (ρ=0,404). Somers’d test result showed that there was a significant correlation between physical workload and work sleep quality (p=0,000), direction of correlation positive, and correlation coefficient medium (dyx=0,466). Multivariate test results show that variable that most influences the sleep quality variable is physical workload variable (OR=22,276). There is a significant correlation between noise and physical workload with sleep quality on the weavers at CV. X.
Produksi Sabun Alami Dari Lidah Buaya dan Temu Giring Dengan Metode Cold Process
Authors: Muti'ah Nurul , Muliawati Endang Setia , Suryaningrum Dyah Ayu
Published: July 2023

Soap has been used to care for and protect skin health. It is now becoming a daily need for society, thus the demand increase year by year. People nowadays have been more aware of the ingredients used in soap as the healthy and eco-friendly lifestyle become popular. Soap is needed as a natural treatment innovation for the cleanliness and health of the body's skin. The study was aimed to obtain the natural soap formulation from three comparisons of formulas with natural ingredients of aloe vera and temu giring (Curcuma heyneana). Aloe vera consists of saponins that have ability to clean dirt and act as an antiseptic, meanwhile Curcuma heyneana can be used to moisturize the skin and remove dead skin cells. The method use in this research is the cold process, which applies low temperatures during the curing process. Soap development was started by mixing coconut oil, olive oil, NaOH, distilled water, aloe vera, and Curcuma heyneana is, then continued by the curing process. Soap formulations were divided into three plans with differences in the ingredients and volume. The recommended formulation has found in formulation III, with details of 14 ml coconut oil, 14 ml olive oil, 9.25 ml aquades, 2.75 ml NaOH, 2.75 ml aloe vera, 4.6 ml Curcuma heyneana, and orange essentials oil 2.75 ml. The soap product with the "Javalove" brand was formulated as an innovative use of Javanese natural ingredients in solid soap additives to help cleanse and smooth the body's skin.
Konsumsi Energi, Pembangunan Sektor Keuangan dan Emisi Karbon di Indonesia
Authors:   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Padjadjaran, Karunia Monica Ruth , Komarulzaman Ahmad ,   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Padjadjaran, Tjahjawandita Ari ,   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini menyelidiki keberadaan Hipotesis EKC di Indonesia selama periode 1980–2019. Dalam kerangka EKC, penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh PDB, konsumsi energi, dan pembangunan sektor keuangan terhadap emisi karbon (CO2). Penelitian ini menggunakan Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) bound-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kointegrasi antar variabel. Sementara itu, hipotesis EKC tidak divalidasi melainkan hubungan kurva berbentuk U. Turning point telah tercapai pada tahun 1987, ini menyiratkan bahwa peningkatan PDB lebih lanjut hanya akan dikaitkan dengan peningkatan emisi CO2. Selain itu, konsumsi energi meningkatkan emisi CO2 dan pembangunan sektor keuangan tampak memperbaiki kualitas lingkungan dengan menurunkan emisi CO2.
Application of Pocket Media Letters Against Fine Language And Motor Ability In Early Childhood
Authors: Afnita Juli , Putro Khamim Zarkasih , Naimah Naimah , Rohinah Rohinah
Published: July 2023

 The purpose of this study was to describe the application of letter pocket media to the language skills and fine motor skills of children at the build Peureulak State Kindergarten. This research is a descriptive qualitative type with data collection techniques of observation, interviews and documentation. Researchers made observations at the build Peureulak State Kindergarten with the research subjects there were 10 children aged 5-6 years and 6 teachers at the Peureulak Pembina State Kindergarten. The results showed that pocket letter media could improve children's language skills and fine motor skills.
How Parental Co-Viewing Can Reduce the Adverse Effects of Gadgets in Early Children
Authors: Hidayati Novi , Djoehaeni Heny , Zaman Badru
Published: July 2023

This research is motivated by parents' concerns about the dangers posed by gadgets, parental co-viewing has been suggested as a way to prevent negative harm from gadgets. The purpose of this study was to determine parental co-viewing and involvement in the use of gadgets in reducing the dangers caused by gadgets. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study research design on three parents who have children aged 2-5 years. The data collection technique uses interviews and field notes which are then processed using grounded theory analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that parents use parental co-viewing because through this parental mediation parents will know and supervise children's digital activities so that they can reduce the dangers of gadgets. In addition, this parental co-viewing also increases the closeness of parents with their children. Activities carried out by parents with their children are watching educational videos on the YouTube application and playing game on educational game applications. Parental Co-viewing can be a guide for parents to help early childhood to avoid the dangers posed by the device because parents can organize and know the content that will be accessed by their children.
Evaluation of Humeral Shaft Fracture Outcomes by Treatment Method
Authors: Beyer Julia , Rao Brian , Liu Jiayong , Skie Martin
Published: July 2023

Background:

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate various outcomes of humeral shaft fractures treated with different treatment methods, which included functional bracing, open reduction and internal fixation, intramedullary nailing, and locked compression plate.

Methods:

A systematic review was performed using research databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Keywords relating to treatment of humeral shaft fractures were used, and comparison studies that reported patient characteristics and outcomes, including nonunion, malunion, function scores, and complications, were included. One hundred fourteen records were screened, with 18 studies ultimately included in the meta-analysis. Treatment groups were consolidated into brace or surgery and then further categorized into subgroups based on surgical technique used. Postoperative events, complications, and functional scores were compared among the treatment groups. Statistical analysis for this study was conducted using Review Manager 5.3, with a standard p-value of ≤0.05 for statistical significance.

Results:

Eighteen studies were included in this review with a total of 706 patients. Z-tests showed that risks of revision, nonunion, and malunion were higher in the brace treatment group compared with the surgical treatment group (p < 0.0001, <0.0001, 0.004, respectively). Risk of infection was expectedly higher in the surgical group compared with the brace group (p = 0.04). Radial nerve injury rates were also higher in the unspecified surgical group compared with the brace group (p = 0.01). In the surgical group, the mean Constant shoulder score was also significantly higher than that in the brace group (p = 0.004). When comparing the nail and plate groups, Z-tests revealed higher risks of delayed unions and other complications in the nail group (p = 0.04 and 0.001, respectively) but higher risk of infection in the plate group (p = 0.05).

Conclusion:

The conservative treatment of humeral shaft fractures with functional braces may be associated with a lower incidence of infection and nerve injury when compared with operative treatment methods. However, nonoperative treatment may also come with higher risks of revision, nonunion, and malunion than the many available surgical modalities. Operative management with either intramedullary nail or plate has shown to be a reliable method of management with reasonable outcomes for humeral shaft fractures. While the nail group had higher risk of delayed unions and other complications, the plate group had higher risk of infections. Both nail and plate surgical treatments have shown to result in high union rates and should be considered by the surgeon on a case-by-case basis when treating humeral shaft fractures.

Level of Evidence:

Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.