DAMPAK PENURUNAN EMISI GRK PADA PROGRAM KONVERSI MINYAK TANAH KE LPG 3 Kg
Authors: Haryanto Joko Tri 
Published: February 2019

DAMPAK PENURUNAN EMISI GRK PADA PROGRAM KONVERSI MINYAK TANAH KE LPG 3 Kg Abstrak Di dunia internasional, Indonesia dikenal sebagai negara dikaruniai banyak sumber daya alam (SDA) energi seperti minyak bumi dan gas alam. Kondisi ini menjadikan Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara pengekspor gas bumi atau Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) cukup signifikan. Di sisi lain, banyak masyarakat masih menggunakan minyak tanah (mitan) untuk bahan bakar memasak. Padahal, pemerintah wajib mengalokasikan subsidi untuk mitan tersebut bersama solar dan premium. Akibatnya konsumsi mitan terus meningkat sejak periode tahun 1990-an. Untuk mengurangi beban subsidi mitan sekaligus mengembangkan gerakan energi bersih dan sehat, pemerintah menjalankan program konversi mitan ke LPG 3 kg mulai tahun 2007. Hingga tahun 2011, program konversi mitan ke LPG 3 kg menghasilkan manfaat khususnya dalam mengurangi beban subidi mitan di APBN. Namun demikian, laju penurunan emisi GRK dari program tersebut ternyata belum dihitung oleh satu pihak manapun. Untuk itulah penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menghitung laju penurunan emisi GRK akibat pelaksanaan program konversi mitan ke LPG 3 kg. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan Emission Reduction maka besaran penurunan emisi sampai dengan tahun 2012 sebesar 49,249,703 tCO2. Jika program konversi mitan ke LPG akan diteruskan hingga tahun 2020, maka penurunan emisi mencapai 130,223,596 tCO2. Hasil perhitungan ini tentu dapat direkomendasikan sebagai masukan dalam proses perbaikan target penurunan emisi GRK nasional sektor energi. Kata kunci: Emisi GRK, LPG, Emisi GHG, Subsidi, Konversi Calculation Impact of Reduction Greenhouse Gas Emission on Conversion Program Kerosene to LPG Abstract In the international forum, Indonesia known as the country blessed with many natural resources (NR) energy both petroleum and natural gas. This condition makes Indonesia as one of the gas exporting countries, with the ability to produce natural gas or Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) of three million tons per year. On the other hand, so many families particularly poor people, still use kerosene for cooking activity. Premium in addition to diesel and kerosene, is one of the subsidized fuel consumption has been increasing since the late '90s. To reduce the burden of subsidies complexity and develop clean energy and healthy movement, government run kerosene to LPG conversion program 3 kg from 2007. Till 2011, the kerosene to LPG conversion program produces 3 kg of particular benefit in reducing the burden on the state budget subidi complexity. However, the rate of GHG emission reduction of the program has yet to be calculated by any of the parties. For this reason this study performed with the purpose of computing the rate of decrease in GHG emissions due to the implementation of kerosene to LPG conversion program 3 kg. By using Emission Reduction approach derived from the difference between the Baseline Emission Project Emission, generating emission reduction rate of up to 2012 amounted to 49,249,703 tCO2. If the kerosene to LPG conversion already in progress at this time will be forwarded to 2020, the emissions reductions that can be achieved by 2020 is 130,223,596 tCO2. The results of these calculations can certainly be recommended as an input in the process of improvement of the national GHG emissions reduction targets of the energy. Keywords: Emmision GRK, LPG, GHG Emssion, Subsidy, Convertion