bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brazilian researchers meet online to discuss social distancing: Results from the first symposium of the group of studies and research on psychology and cognition (GEPESPSI)
Authors: Varanda C. , Filho A. Macedo
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The Group of Studies and Research on Psychology and Cognition (GEPESPSI) in Brazil has developed important academic and clinical actions on mental health in contexts of difficult psychological handling.

Objectives

GEPESPSI organized a symposium to discuss the psychological effects of isolation due to the strict measures of social distancing.

Methods

11 psychologists and one speech language pathologist discussed possible contributions to face social distancing in their specific fields of expertise in a virtual symposium of two days. The themes were: university teaching; support to the development of social and emotional competencies among children; the threat of the death of dreams in a phenomenological perspective; resilience and self-esteem; the repercussions of the lack of the school space for socialization; psychological tools for facing isolation; the challenges and perspectives of women who are victims of violence; online therapy for children; the health of workers; suicidal behavior; formulation of educational policies for remote learning and family mental health.

Results

1094 people were enrolled with an average of 400 people participating in each period. 91,1% of which were graduate students of a university. 55,7% were students of Psychology, 12,8% of Pedagogy, 6% of Physical Therapy among other courses. 39,8% of them were from the city of Santos, the others were from different regions of the country.

Conclusions

The feedback given by the participants was positive and involved gains such as sharing experience and knowledge but mainly creating connections to exchange psychological tools as a way of facing the difficulties of social distancing among researchers and graduate students.
Mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the front-line health care workers in a tertiary care hospital in rawalpindi, pakistan
Authors: Zubair U. , Mansoor S. , Mansoor T.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

In these unprecedented times, the medical workers particularly at the frontlines of the pandemic are vulnerable to psychological trauma rooted in the new demands of their work, as well as the prevailing sense of insecurity and safety concerns for themselves and their loved ones.

Objectives

To explore the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the front-line health care workers in a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Methods

Frontline healthcare workers will include all doctors, nurses and paramedical staff performing duties that involve dealing directly with known or suspected cases of COVID-19 at triage clinics, ICUs and isolation wards. Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) and Impact of events scale-revised (IES-R) were administered to them to assess the mental health of these frontlines.

Results

A total of 94 frontlines were included in the study. 76(80.9%) had no significant depression while 18 (19.1%) had presence of significant depression. 62 (66%) had no significant anxiety while 32 (34%) had significant anxiety. Female gender and degree of contact with high clinical suspicion cases were significantly related with presence of anxiety and depression among the study participants. Being female, single, a nurse or a paramedic and degree of contact with high clinical suspicion cases was significantly related with presence of stress among the frontlines. People working in ICU or corona isolation unit had more chances of having trauma as compared to other frontlines.

Conclusions

Depression, anxiety, stress and trauma were common among the front liners fighting in this pandemic
An intensive neurofeedback alpha-training to improve sleep quality and stress modulation in health-care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A pilot study
Authors: Conti D. , Celebre L. , Girone N. , Molteni L. , Vismara M. , Benatti B. , Bosi M. , Colombo A. , Dell’Osso B.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

During the COVID-19 pandemic, health workers represented a group particularly vulnerable to work-related stress, but prevention and management of psychiatric symptoms are still under evaluation. Neurofeedback is a safe and non-invasive neuromodulation technique with the target of training participants in the self-regulation of neural substrates underlying specific psychiatric disorders. Protocols based on the increase of alpha frequencies, associated with the process of relaxation, are used for the treatment of stress, anxiety and sleep disturbances.

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of an alpha-increase NF protocol for the treatment of stress in healthcare workers exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Eighteen medical doctors belonging to the Sacco Hospital were recruited during the COVID-19 health emergency and underwent a 10 sessions NF alpha-increase protocol during two consecutive weeks. The level of stress was assessed at the beginning (T0) and at the end (T1) of the protocol through the following questionnaires: Severity of Acute Symptoms Stress (SASS), Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Brief-COPE. Statistical analyses were performed with Paired Samples t-Test for continuous variables, setting significance at p < 0.05.

Results

A significant increase in alpha waves mean values between T0 and T1 was observed. In addition, a significant reduction in the PSQI test score between T0 and T1 was observed.

Conclusions

Alpha-increase protocol showed promising results in terms of stress modulation, sleep quality improvement and safety profile in a pilot sample of health-care workers. Larger controlled studies are warranted to confirm present results.
The psychological burden of long-term care facilities personnel during the SARS-COV-2 pandemic – a national survey in poland
Authors: Senczyszyn A. , Lion K. , Szcześniak D. , Trypka E. , Mazurek J. , Ciułkowicz M. , Fila-Witecka K. , Pawłowski M. , Łuc M. , Maćkowiak M. , Rymaszewska J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The high COVID-19 morbidity and mortality are observed among residents in long-term care facilities (LTCF) worldwide. Employees of LTCF, who are facing a critical epidemiological situation endangering the vulnerable residents, are exposed to pandemic’s psychological consequences daily.

Objectives

The main aim of this study was to assess psychological consequences (somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction, and depression) among LTCF employees exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic crisis. Moreover, we investigated if factors such as: personal protective equipment (PPE) availability, safety guidelines or access to psychiatric and psychological support at the workplace, correlated with the level of psychological distress experienced by personnel.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among personnel of LTCF in Poland. The survey consisted of the sociodemographic section, the authors’ questionnaire with questions related to COVID-19 exposure, working conditions, access to PPE and mental health services, GHQ Questionnaire-28.

Results

show that access to PPE (P= .018), to workplace safety guidelines (P= .031), psychological support at workplace (P<0.01), fixed shift schedule (P= .05) and feeling that the right number of staff are employed in the workplace (P= .009), were related to the lower severity of psychopathological symptoms evaluated with the GHQ-28.

Conclusions

The study indicates an evidence that LTCF personnel are susceptible to the development of anxiety, depression, insomnia and social dysfunction during the pandemic crisis. However, these can be modified by: access to PPE, safety guidelines and psychological support. Findings from this study lay a basis for effective interventions aiming to support psychological health within this group.
Mental health of israeli employees with autism spectrum disorders following COVID-19-related changes in employment status
Authors: Goldfarb Y. , Gal E. , Golan O.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic caused employment related challenges worldwide. Adults diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are especially vulnerable, due to pre-existing employment challenges, intolerance to changes and uncertainty and high levels of related anxiety.

Objectives

To examine COVID-19 related changes in work experiences and mental health of employees with ASD who held a steady job before the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods

Data were collected from 23 participants diagnosed with ASD (4 females), aged 20–49, who answered an online administered survey at two timepoints: prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, and during the outbreak. Self-reports included measures of background and employment status; mental health (General Health Questionnaire-12); job satisfaction (Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire); and satisfaction of psychological needs at work (Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration – Work domain).

Results

Participants who continued to physically attend work maintained pre-COVID-19 levels on all assessed variables. Participants who transitioned to remote work from home preserved their salary levels and job satisfaction, but showed a marginally significant deterioration in mental health and a significant decrease in the satisfaction of their needs for competence and autonomy at work. Unemployed participants showed a significant decrease in mental health.

Conclusions

Results highlight employment as a protective factor from the potential negative implications of COVID-19 on mental-health of employees with ASD. Employees who transition to working from home require personalized work-support plans due to the possible negative effects of this transition on mental health. Maintaining the routine of physically reporting to work should be preferred, when possible.
Gender differences in depression, anxiety, and stress during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in serbia - results from an online survey
Authors: Opanković A. , Latas M. , Jerotić S. , Ristić I. , Milovanović S.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

COVID-19 outbreak has significantly affected the mental health of people worldwide. The first wave of the pandemic began during the beginning of March 2020, and included significant preventative measures. Previous research on mental health differences between the genders has found that women were more likely to exhibit symptoms of anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Objectives

The aim of our study was to assess the differences between the genders in depression, anxiety, and stress.

Methods

An online survey designed for the purposes of this study was distributed using the snowballing method during April and May of 2020. The survey consisted of two parts: sociodemographic and clinical data, and COVID-19 related data. Participants also filled out the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) - a well validated, self-questionnaire instrument. T-test for independent samples was used to evaluate the differences between the genders.

Results

Out of the initially sent 563 surveys, a total of 161 were included in further analyses (28.6% response rate). Mean age of the sample was 42.2±10.2 and 65.2% of the participants were female. Mean scores on DASS-21 were as follows: 8.78±6.66 on depression, 9.78±7.39 on anxiety and 7.76±7.14 on stress. Females scored significantly higher on depression (t=-2.25, p=0.029), anxiety (t=-2.25, p=0.028), stress (t=-2.44, p=0.017), and total DASS-21 score (t=-2.44, p=0.016).

Conclusions

The results of our study imply that female participants exhibit higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Larger, population-based studies could provide a mroe in-depth answer to the importance of these differences for the general population.
Changes in sleep quality amidst COVID-19 pandemic among psychiatric patients in Romania
Authors: Petrescu M. , Mitrea A. , Tudor C. , Vasile D.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Sleep disturbances can occur as a result of major stressful events. Additionally, research evidence suggests that COVID-19 pandemic may have negatively impacted the quality of sleep among various populations. However, individuals respond differently to the stress, uncertainty and social isolation related with COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives

This study aimed to explore the changes in sleep quality and pattern among voluntary psychiatric patients visiting our clinic in Romania during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We implemented a cross-sectional study over a period of 3 months, utilizing a Romanian-translated version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) which was administered through Google Forms web application. Participants lacking digital skills were provided with guidance for completing the questionnaire. Informed consent was obtained prior to participating in this study and data anonymity and confidentiality were ensured.

Results

Among a total of 98 responders, 63% reported a global PSQI score greater than 5, indicating poor sleep. Approximately 25% of participants subjectively marked their sleep as either fairly bad or very bad. When analysing the 7 components of PSQI, our participants struggled most with long sleep latency. About a third of participants reported using sleep medication (both prescription and over-the-counter) three or more times a week within the past month.

Conclusions

Considering the fact that the current situation is likely to evolve for an unknown period of time, there is a dire need to assess the effect of prolonged adjustments in daily routine and their impact on the sleep and the quality of life of our patients.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental heath
Authors: Rose E. , Manoharan M. , Powell J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

As countries adopt strict quarantines and lockdowns, increasing attention has been given to the impact on mental wellbeing. The influence of this on perinatal mental health and service provision is important to consider, as these women may be particularly vulnerable to the negative effects already seen in general and psychiatric populations.

Objectives

The impact on global mental health of Covid-19, and the isolation measures used to combat it’s spread, is increasingly acknowledged. We were interested in the effect the pandemic has had specifically on the mental health of women in the peripartum period. By reflecting on our experiences, we hope to generate ideas to improve services.

Methods

We considered the effects of the pandemic in this high-risk population during each stage of contact with services. This included pre-conception, antenatal and postnatal periods, as well as the potential longitudinal and service effects. Recent case examples were identified and described from our busy and diverse South London perinatal psychiatry service.

Results

Recent referrals to our service suggest the current crisis has been a key trigger for the deterioration of many women’s mental health. This includes women who have been impacted by various factors related to the pandemic, at all stages of the perinatal period.

Conclusions

It is vital to maintain equality of access to perinatal services and to continue to consider how to deliver best care. This will involve adapting to the new working environment, and optimising care delivery using remote technologies where appropriate, in a way that is safe, accessible and acceptable to service users.
COVID-19: Studying dissociative experiences in a confined sample of tunisian people
Authors: Baklouti E. , Larnaout A. , Souabni K. , Lansari R. , Melki W.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Dissociative experiences have been studied in different circumstances.

Objectives

In this study we aim to analyze dissociative phenomena under a stress factor: lockdown.

Methods

We conducted a cross sectional-study, using an online survey, spread during lockdown period in Tunisia, between the 2nd and the 8th of April. It was comprised of sociodemographic, geographic, medical history, confinement status and DES-II questionnaire in its french version. Age superior than 18 was the only inclusion criteria and the no respect of lockdown was the exclusion criteria. Based on former studies on DES-II, 3 sub scores have been assessed; amnesia (measures memory loss), depersonalization (sense of unreality of the self
) and absorption (the absorption has to do with one’s traumatic experiences).

Results

We recruited 167 individuals; 100 women and 67 men. The most common age class was 20 to 30 years old (60.5% of the sample). The Mean total score was 11.06 which was higher than mentioned in earlier studies. The mean score was 15,11 for absorption; 5,28 for amnesia and 6,88 for depersonalization subscale. Significant differences in scores were found based on different variables. Women had higher absorption score (p=0.011). Besides people living in COVID-19 clusters had lower total score (p=0.038). Finally, people with somatic medical history showed higher total score (p=0.013), absorption score (p=0.003) and depersonalization score (p=0.012) compared to those with none.

Conclusions

During lockdown, dissociative experiences showed to be more frequent. But does this mean that a resurgence in PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) or ASD (acute stress disorder) in the months to come.
Impact of the COVID-19 virus and confinement on the mental health of the tunisian population: Anxiety and depression
Authors: Regaieg N. , Elleuch M. , Hentati S. , Masmoudi J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The 2019 Coronavirus disease epidemic is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge to psychological resilience.

Objectives

To study the psychological repercussions in terms of anxiety and depression of the Coronavirus pandemic on the Tunisian population.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. We used an online questionnaire on Facebook, on June 2020. The heteroquestionnaire included epidemiological data and two scales: the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form Y-1) to evaluate the anxiety level at the time of the study, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ 9) to detect a characterized depressive episode.

Results

We included 121 participants. They had an average age of 36.52 years with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.41. The mean STAI score was 43.12 while the PHQ score was 7.46, indicating that 30.8% of the participants suffered from depression. Both scores were correlated to female sex (p=0.01 for STAI and p=0.02 for PHQ), a history of anxiety (p<0.001) and depressive disorders (p<0.001) and to poor sleep quality (p<0.001). The STAI score was also associated with a family history of high blood pressure (p=0.004), while the PHQ score was correlated to a family history of diabetes (p=0.02), a widowed or divorced marital status (p<0.001) and to a single lifestyle (p=0.03). Furthermore, the two scores (STAI-Y and PHQ 9) were also associated (p<0.001; r=0.67).

Conclusions

The psychological impact of Coronavirus epidemic seems not negligible requiring psychological interventions to improve the mental health of vulnerable groups.
Personnel well-being and potentially traumatic COVID-19 pandemic related events (PTES) in the hus helsinki university hospital – baseline results
Authors: Laukkala T. , Haravuori H. , Tuisku K. , Junttila K. , Haapa T. , Kujala A. , Pukkala E. , Suvisaari J. , Rosenström T. , Jylhä P.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

A majority of the Finnish COVID-19 pandemic patients have been cared for in the HUS Helsinki University Hospital since March 2020.

Objectives

June 2020 baseline results of an ongoing prospective cohort study are reported.

Methods

An electronic survey was created to assess potentially traumatic COVID-19 pandemic related events (PTEs) of the HUS personnel.

Results

The survey was sent to 25494 HUS employees, and 4804 (19%) answered. Out of the respondents, 62% were nursing staff, 9% medical doctors, and the rest special employees or other personnel. Mean age was 44 years, 88% were female. PTEs were more common in the personnel directly caring for COVID-19 patients than other personnel (p< 0.001). PTEs predicted psychological distress among all personnel (OR 5.05; 95%CI 4.26–6.00). Table. Potentially traumatic events (PTEs) among HUS personnel, June 2020. One respondent may have one or more PTEs.
In direct care of COVID-19 patients
PTE11
PTE22
PTE33
PTE44RespondentsYes (N; %)325 (26.6%)358 (29.3%)46 (3.8%)9 (0.7%)532No (N; %)281 (8.2%)574 (16.6%)88 (2.5%)30 (0.9%)760

1Has your work with COVID-19 patients or suspected patients included exceptionally disturbing or distressing assignments? 2Have you had strong anxiety due to your own or close one’s risk of contracting serious illness for your work with COVID-19 patients or suspected patients? 3Have you or your close one contracted a hospital care requiring serious COVID-19? 4Has a close one to you died of COVID-19?

Conclusions

Our data highlight the need to ensure psychosocial support services to HUS personnel with PTEs.

Conflict of interest

No significant relationships.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of health care workers in CYPRUS
Authors: Chatzittofis A. , Karanikola M. , Michailidou K. , Constantinidou A.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a great impact on health care workers (HCWs) who are exposed to high levels of stress and trauma leading to negative mental health outcomes, including stress-related symptoms and depressive symptoms.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety and post traumatic stress symptoms related to to the COVID 19 pandemic in Cyprus.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we report on mental health outcomes among HCWs in Cyprus. Data were collected between May 3rd and May 27th, 2020, using an online questionnaire that included demographics, the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), assessing depressive symptoms, the Impact of Events Scale Revised (IES-R) measuring PTSD symptoms and the 10 item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) measuring stress.

Results

424 Health Care Workers (HCWs) participated in the study. 79 HCWs (18,6%) scored in PHQ-9 above the cut-off for depression while 62 HCWs (14,6%) scored high enough in IES-R indicating a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder. The prevalence of depression and PTSD symptoms were significantly higher among nurses compared to doctors and other HCWs. (20.7% versus 10.8%; adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.70 [95% CI, 1.06 to 2.73]), after adjustment for age and sex.

Conclusions

Even in countries like Cyprus with minimum impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact on the mental health of HCWs is substantial with nurses being more vulnerable.
The mental health impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on hong kong youth: Preliminary results from the hong kong youth mental health epidemiological study (HKYES)
Authors: Chung T.H. , Yuen A.S. , Wong C.S. , Hui C.L. , Chan S.K. , Chang W. , Lee E.H. , Chen E.Y.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global health crisis that originated in China. As an adjacent city to the origin of COVID-19, Hong Kong has been facing different public health challenges raised by the epidemic.

Objectives

This paper examined the prevalence of common physical symptoms, psychological symptoms, somatic symptoms, and health anxiety among the Hong Kong youth population.

Methods

HKYES is an on-going territory-wide epidemiological study collecting youth mental health data with randomly stratified sampling. Participants aged 15-24 years were to complete a physical symptom checklist, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI).

Results

A total of 594 participants have completed the survey since April 2020. The three most common physical symptoms were headache (n=106, 17.8%), fever (n=94, 15.8%) and fatigue (n=78, 13.1%). The mean scores of DASS depression, anxiety and stress subscales were 7.98 (SD 8.14), 5.81 (SD 6.32), and 8.83 (SD 7.93) respectively. Among all, 135 (22.8%) participants reported moderate to severe levels of depressive symptoms, 133 (22.4%) reported moderate to severe levels of anxiety symptoms, and 71 (12%) reported moderate to severe levels of stress. There were 40 (6.7%) and 60 (10.1%) participants showing significant levels of insomnia and somatic symptoms, while around one-third of the participants reported a high level of health anxiety.

Conclusions

Youth is at risk of severe psychological impact during the coronavirus. Monitoring the mental health trajectory for youth should become routine practice during times of crisis.
Psychological and behavioral impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and containment among the general tunisian population
Authors: Gdoura D. , Charfeddine F. , Ktari G. , Chamseddine A. , Bouattour O. , Aloulou J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Since COVID19 pandemic emergence, containment measure have been taken by the Tunisian government imposing a new lifestyle resulting in psychological repercussions and a change in behavior.

Objectives

Highlighting changes of behavior and lifestyle of the general public secondary to the COVID19 pandemic and to confinement and to assess their levels of psychological.

Methods

This is a qualitative, descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study realized between April and May 2020 with the general public using an anonymous online questionnaire covering: socio-demographic data; behavior during confinement; epidemic psychological impact; Mental health status was measured using Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale(DASS-21). Anger level was assessed by STAXI-10 items.

Results

132 responses were received: 68.2% were women; the average age 32.01(±11.10); half were single; 77.3% were at higher education level; 41.7% were healthcare professionnels. Consumption increased by 26.5% in coffee, 8.3% tobacco and 1.5% alcohol. 33.3% of participants increased their religious practice. 56.1% experienced sleep disorder mostly women(p<0.05). 91.7% followed COVID19 evolution through media essentially Facebook. Partners relationship was deteriorated in1.7% and improved in 25%. Child abuse increased by 13.7%. During confinement: 15.9%depression (0.8%severe depression), 12.9%anxiety (0.8%severe anxiety), 5.3% stress and 27.3%feelings of anger. Depression, anxiety and anger were related to younger age(p<0.05). Stress wasn’t age related. Depression was observed in participants without children (p<0.05). No association founded between psychological impact and gender, profession and civil status.

Conclusions

The COVID19 pandemic and the containment had consequences on individuals behavior and mental health. A psychological listening unit was launched during the period of confinement to overcome psychological impact.
The prevalence of psychopathological symptoms in population during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Belokrylov I. , Lineva T. , Batyrev Y. , Bocharnikova A. , Okuneva A.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant lifestyle changes for the world’s population. The infection poses a threat to mental health due to direct invasion of the central nervous system of SARS-CoV-2, as well as as a source of mental stress associated, in particular, with the deformation of the structure of interpersonal communications under quarantine conditions.

Objectives

The study was conducted to comparatively study the phenomenology and severity of psychopathological manifestations in quarantined and non-quarantined people during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

From April 18 to June 15, 2020, an online questionnaire “Symptom List 90” (SCL-90) was conducted among 837 adults in Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus and other countries. 426 respondents were in strict home quarantine; 302 observed social distancing, but could go to work; 109 were not socially isolated.

Results

There was a significant difference in the overall severity index (GSI) between strictly quarantine and non-quarantine groups with GSI values of 0.51 (0.24; 0.99) and 0.33 (0.16; 0.75), respectively (p = 0.001). Indicators of anxiety, depression, somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, phobic anxiety, hostility and psychoticism were also significantly higher in quarantined individuals than in non-quarantined individuals (p <0.05).

Conclusions

The results of the analysis indicate that in a pandemic, the most susceptible to psychopathological disorders are those living in the most severe quarantine, while the contingent whose lifestyle changes little under these conditions shows the best indicators of mental health. These data indicate the need to optimize the system of psychiatric preventive and curative care for the population in a pandemic.

Conflict of interest

No significant relationships.
How COVID-19 lockdown measures could impact patients with bulimia nervosa: Exploratory results from an ongoing experience sampling method study
Authors: Leenaerts N. , Vaessen T. , Ceccarini J. , Vrieze E.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Preliminary results indicate that COVID-19 lockdown measures could lead to an increase in eating disorder pathology. However, some patients could be more vulnerable to experience such an increase than others. The reason why some patients are more susceptible to the impact of lockdown measures is still not known.

Objectives

To analyze the impact of the Belgian COVID-19 lockdown measures on the surroundings, social context, negative affect (NA), positive affect (PA) and binge eating frequency of patients with bulimia nervosa (BN).

Methods

The data of 15 female patients with BN from an ongoing experience sampling method study were analyzed. Mixed effects models compared surroundings, social context, NA, PA and binge eating before and after the implementation of the lockdown measures.

Results

After the implementation of the lockdown measures, significant changes in surroundings and social context were found as well as an increase in NA (p < 0.001) and decrease in PA (p = 0.015). Patients who experienced an increase in binge eating frequency also experienced a stronger increase in NA (p = 0.012) and decrease in PA (p = 0.026) after the lockdown measures were implemented.

Conclusions

Future research should also look at changes in surroundings, social context, affect and how these interact with factors such as personality traits and coping styles when investigating why some patients are more susceptible to the negative effects of lockdown measures than others.
Depression in quarantined patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Guermazi A. , Thabet J. Ben , Zouari A. , Aloulou J. , Hammami R. , Ayed H. Ben , Sallemi A. , Marrekchi C. , Hdiji S. , Gargouri I. , Kassis M. , Turki M. , Kammoun S. , Masmoudi M. Larbi
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Quarantine for suspected patients of being infected by the COVID-19 can lead to negative consequences for mental health and the appearance of depressive symptoms.

Objectives

To assess the prevalence of depression in quarantined patients, and to analyze the associated factors.

Methods

This was a descriptive and analytical survey, carried out from April 4 to May 30, 2020, with 149 patients consulting the COVID-19 sorting box at the Hedi Chaker CHU in Sfax. Suspected COVID-19 patients were contacted by phone during their quarantine and invited to participate in our study. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale was used to assess the severity of depression. Cutoffs of 5, 10, 15, and 20 represent minimal, mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe levels of depression based on PHQ-9 scores. A cutoff score of 10 determines major depression.

Results

The results showed a prevalence of major depression of 10.7%. Of all patients, 89.3% had minimal to mild depression; 10% had moderate to moderately severe depression and 0.7% had severe depression. The PHQ-9 score was statistically correlated with travel to a suspect area during the 14 days preceding the consultation (p = 0.008), contact with a subject confirmed COVID-19 (p = 0.01), previous follow-up in psychiatry (p = 0.047), the change of residence during quarantine (p = 0.045), the fear of transmitting the disease to relatives (p = 0.00) and the positive result of the nasopharyngeal swab (p = 0.00).

Conclusions

Psychological distress was felt in our patients. We recommend that necessary measures should be taken to combat depression.
The spectrum and severity of psychopathological symptoms in previously healthy individuals who have had severe COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Belokrylov I. , Kotovskaya N. , Deryugina N. , Izyumov A. , Eruslanova K. , Balaeva M.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The medical novelty of COVID-19 requires a comprehensive study of its impact on various areas of human health, including mental health.

Objectives

To study the spectrum and severity of psychopathological disorders in previously healthy patients of different age groups who have had moderate and severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods

Immediately after stabilization of the physical condition, patients completed the Symptom Checklist-90-R, designed to assess 11 parameters: somatization (SOM), obsessive-compulsive (OS), interpersonal sensitivity (INT), depression (DEP), anxiety (ANX), hostility (HOS), phobic anxiety (PHOB), paranoid ideas (PAR), psychoticism (PSY). Patients with cognitive impairment were excluded.

Results

The study involved 148 patients aged from 26 to 84 years. In the general sample, psychopathological symptoms were detected mainly on the SOM, DEP, ANX, HOS scales. To a lesser extent - on the INT and PAR scales; were practically not determined on the PSY and PHOB scales. Most of the symptoms are significantly more intense in patients over 46 years old (n = 129) compared with the younger population (<46 years old, n = 19). Older patients according to SOM revealed 1.23 points (IQR 0.5) versus 0.85 (IQR 0.7) among young people, DEP - 0.88 (IQR 0.44) vs. 0.47 (IQR 0.44), ANX - 0.66 (IQR 0.44) vs. 0.43 (IQR 0.29), OS - 0.55 (IQR 0.5) vs. 0.31 (IQR 0.25) and HOS - 0.46 (IQR 0.34) vs. 0.29 (IQR 0.09).

Conclusions

Patients recovering from severe COVID-19 pneumonia require psychiatric evaluation and subsequent differentiated psychotherapeutic rehabilitation, especially for the age group over 46.

Conflict of interest

No significant relationships.
Anxiety on the lockdown resolution
Authors: Ajmi S. , Hentati S. , Masmoudi R. , Sellami R. , Baati I. , Feki I. , Masmoudi J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Lockdown due to the management of infectious diseases such as corona virus disease affect mental health. We would think that with the end of the lockdown due to the corona virus pandemic, the feeling of regaining freedom and movement would be good for our morale.

Objectives

Through this servery, we examine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in the Tunisian population face to the end of lockdown.

Methods

The survey was conducted using the online anonymous questionnaires and distributed through social networks from 24 April to 23 May 2020(which was considered the end of the lockdown in Tunisia). It included socio-demographic questions and participants’ experience of SARS-CoV-2related stressful events (A member of your family was suspected of having Corona virus /someone you know had Corona virus‘s symptoms /You were quarantined). Anxiety symptoms were evaluated with the Hospital anxiety and depression scale-anxiety (HADS-A)

Results

Our study included 80 participants: 71.3% female and 42.5% married. The mean age of the participants was 29.30 years (SD = 8.72). The mean HADS-A score was 8.03 (SD=2.938) (maximum=16 minimum=1). Two-thirds of the participants exhibited anxiety symptoms (66.3%) with 1.3 % reported moderate severe anxiety symptoms. Anxiety was correlated with age and gender (p=0.013, p=0.027).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that in this early phase of the COVID-19 lockdown resolution we can already observe its fundamental impact on anxiety.
Development and efficacy of a psychoeducational family intervention for perinatal depression
Authors: Fiorillo A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract Body

The perinatal period represents an at-risk period for mental health consequences, which has been overlooked for long time. Perinatal mental health problems constitute a relevant threat for long-term mental health, not only for the direct impact on the affected women, but also for the considerable foetal/infant morbidity and mortality. Perinatal mental disorders are associated with negative outcomes in the newborn, including an increased risk of premature delivery and infant mortality, as well as a higher prevalence of mental disorders in the offspring (e.g., attention deficit or anxiety disorders). Depressive disorders represent the most common disorder during the perinatal period. For the adequate, appropriate and complete management of women with perinatal depression, there is the need for integrated interventions, following a comprehensive global assessment of women’s mental health. In particular, the management of depression during perinatal period requires special attention, even considering the problems and limitations in prescribing pharmacological drugs. In this context, psychoeducational interventions are effective in reducing affective symptoms and the levels of stress, with low costs for the mental health department.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
COVID-19 mental health helpline: A tool for a rural population
Authors: Jesus B. , Ramos S. Freitas , Vaz Soares M.I. Fonseca Marinho , Correia J. Martins , Cruz E Sousa D. , Caetano S.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a negative impact for mental health. ULS-Guarda in cooperation with Portugal National Health Service, provided the population of the district of Guarda with a mental health helpline (MHHL).

Objectives

Provide a descriptive data analysis of the MHHL calls received between April 1st and September 20th of 2020.

Methods

The data was obtained through the filling out of questionnaires. It included fields for gender, age, the type of service provided, relation to COVID-19, symptoms displayed and the number calls made per patient. For the statistical analysis, Microsoft Excel TM was utilized.

Results

MHHL received 191 calls. The largest volume was received during April, which saw 116 instances of patients seeking the MHHL. The number of calls then tapered progressively throughout the following months. The services provided were split between psychiatric assistance, psychologic assistance, and the renovation of medical prescriptions, in 44%, 31% and 19% of the cases, respectively. The 101 patients who resorted to the MHHL were unevenly distributed in gender, being 74 female and 27 male individuals. Their ages were mostly between 50 and 69 years old. The most common symptoms were anxiety, depressed humor and insomnia, in 35%, 16% and 11% of the cases, respectively.

Conclusions

The largest influx of calls coincides with the home confinement period, and decreased alongside the relaxation of the confinement measures held. The MHHL had enough adherence to warrant consideration of it being an alternative means of healthcare access, especially in situations where physical access to healthcare is restricted.
Mental health challenges faced by young medical residents fighting COVID-19 in tunisia
Authors: Dhemaid M. , Abbes W. , Ellough F. , Bezzaouia A. , Hafi S. , Ghanmi L.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

COVID-19 pandemic affected not only physical health of individuals, and communities but also their mental health worldwide. Young physicians, who were providing care for patients during the outbreak in a global atmosphere of stress, anxiety and depression, were not spared.

Objectives

To assess anxiety and depression among young medical resident exposed to COVID-19 in Tunisia and its associated factors

Methods

It was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical online-based survey, from April 19, 2020, to May 5, 2020 on 180 medical residents in training, via a Google-Form link. We used a self-administered anonymous questionnaire containing sociodemographic and clinical data. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) validated in the Tunisian dialectal version was used to assess anxiety and depression.

Results

Among 180 young doctors included, 70.2% were female, 16% were married, 81.8% worked in a university Hospital and 51.1% were frontline caregivers involved in primary screening. Our study revealed that 66.1% of young medical residents were suffering from anxiety (severe anxiety: 28.9 %) and 61.7% of them from depression (severe depression: 29.1%). Anxiety disorder was correlated to female gender (p=0.008), being married (0.001), worse quality of sleep (p<10-3) and increased consumption of tea and coffee (p=0.012). Depression was associated to worse quality of sleep (p<10-3), lack of physical activity (p<10-3), shortage of personal protective equipment (p=0,027) and anxiety disorder (p<10-3).

Conclusions

Our study indicated a high proportion of anxiety and depression among young doctors in training, needing systematic screening in order to prevent them.
Evaluation of depression symptoms among caregivers of children that take therapy in the national center for children rehabilitation and treatment during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dobi F. , Kabili E. , Malile E. , Dragoti F. , Dorre I. , Jolla A.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Raising a child with neurodevelopmental disorder is very challenging. Furthermore COVID-19 pandemic can increase stress levels especially among people that suffer from mental health disorders. On of the high risks group are children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Studies show that these difficult, challenging times have had a negative impact on most families, which have a child with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Objectives

Evaluation of depression symptoms among caregivers of children that take therapy in the National Center for Children Rehabilitation and Treatment (NCCRT) during COVID-19 pandemic

Methods

The study was conducted during a two-month period March-April 2020. The sample involved 110 individuals, relatives, of children that were taking educative and rehabilitation therapy in NCCRT during last year, ambulatory or inpatients. Data were collected by clinical records and phone interviews with children’s caregiver. Instrument we used were: Demographic inventory and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale for anxiety symptom evaluation. All data were statistically analyzed through excel.

Results

Most of individual interviewed, whom are responsible for children wellbeing were their parents, 69% of them. 56% of individuals were among 31-45 years old and 92% of them were women. Depression symptoms were slightly present. We noticed that depressive symptomatology was a bit worse in caregivers in urban areas compared with ones in rural areas.

Conclusions

It is necessary supporting with special attention caregivers whom have depressive symptoms. Yet has to be evaluated the connection, if it’s present, between parents with depressive symptoms and children progress, for ones that are being supported with development therapy.
Facing the COVID-19: A qualitative research on the impact of the pandemic on autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Authors: Luque T. Pretel , Puigdesens A. Vilaregut , Hernando N. Farriols , Santos M. Roca , Gárriz C. Andrés
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Lockdown resulting from the experienced pandemic has had a great influence on the emotional and social well-being of the general population. Specifically, it is known that those with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and their caregivers had to overcome several challenges during this period. Moreover, this situation has influenced the professionals who work in this field.

Objectives

The aim of this study is to describe the impact, the learnings and the challenges that have arisen for the patients with ASD, their families and professionals during the coronavirus outbreak through progenitors’ and professionals’ perceptions.

Methods

A qualitative research design using focus groups was selected to identify and discuss participants’ experiences, beliefs, perceptions and attitudes. The target population consisted on parents with children with ASD and professionals who work with them. Data was collected via two focus groups. A content was made using the program Atlas.ti to determinate the principal categories and themes that describe the COVID-19 impact.

Results

Findings widely describe the problems faced and difficulties experienced by this population during lockdown and after it. As well as the challenges, opportunities and learning that this situation has offered.

Conclusions

Reflections derived from the study manifest the need of thinking about new models of intervention with children with ASD and their families. Greater attention must be paid to parents’ experiences in order to attend to the actual demands of patients and their caregivers contextualized within our current changing situation.
Washing COVID-19 away: COVID-19 and obsessive compulsive disorder
Authors: André R. , Gonçalves M.J. , Sereijo C. , Abreu M.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

We are facing a crisis caused by an extremely infectious disease, Covid-19. The mechanisms of infection and transmission of this coronavirus are largely unknown but some of the clearer recommendations are washing hands and surfaces. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder has a lifetime prevalence of 2-3%, among the multiple symptoms, fear of dirt or being contaminated, and excessive washing are the most common affecting about 50% of patients.

Objectives

We reviewed the available information to understand if there are changes in OCD symptoms during the pandemic.

Methods

Non-systematic review of the literature with selection of scientific articles published in the past 6 months; by searching Pubmed and Medscape databases using the combination of MeSH descriptors. The following MeSH terms were used: Covid-19; SARS-Cov2; pandemic; obsessive compulsive disorder; OCD.

Results

From a theoretical point of view, the increased frequency of hand washing and the importance of following hand-washing steps can add to a ritualistic pattern, also cleaning hands every time a person comes from outside or contacts with others can be justified as a preventive action rather than considered a problem and it can be “normalized” by others as a pandemic response.

Conclusions

In conclusion, there is evidence that during quarantine an overall increase in obsession and compulsion severity emerged with contamination symptoms associated with worse outcomes. There is data on an increase in relapses with patients not asking for help in a timely manner. The current situation is unpredictable and rapidly changing. It is likely that more information about this topic will arise in the next months.