bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uji Validitas dan Uji Reliabilitas Terhadap Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Wisatawan Terhadap Pemilihan Wisata Halal
Authors: Meilina Popy , Adharani Yana , Dores Ardiansyah
Published: March 2019

Finding a right strategy to attract tourists is important for tourism businesses. Seeing that the majority of Indonesian population is Muslim, making tourism businesses hold a halal tour. However, it is also necessary to know the factors of tourists choosing a tourist destination so that tourism actors can make travel plans that make tourists choose them. So as to support this research, a questionnaire has been distributed to 50 potential tourists whose contents consist of respondent profiles, market conditions, marketing mix which consists of: products offered, prices, travel locations, promotions carried out, employees, programs offered, and cooperation. Questionnaires were processed with SPSS, based on the validity and reliability tests showed that respondents gave positive results for 27 variabels with Cronbach’s Alpha about 0.841 and KMO 0.725.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Bangun Datar Sederhana (Bandara) Matematika Berbasis Android Pada Materi Bangun Datar Sederhana di Tingkat SMP
Authors: Pramadana Tareq Ilham , Soro Slamet , Siswanto Rizki Dwi
Published: March 2019

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan aplikasi bandara matematika berbasis Android untuk siswa tingkat SMP, serta mengetahui kualitas produk aplikasi mobile learning yang telah dihasilkan sehingga layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D) yang diadaptasi dari model pengembangan 4D. Tahapannya ada 4 tahap, yaitu: 1) Define (pendefinisian), 2) Design (perancangan), 3) Develop (pengembangan), dan 4) Disseminate (penyebarluasan). Validasi dilakukan oleh ahli materi dan ahli media. Media yang dikembangkan diuji coba publik dengan 48 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan apikasi bandara matematika berbasis Android yang telah dikembangkan berdasarkan penilaian ahli media dalam aspek kualitas tampilan 87,5% dengan kriteria sangat baik, aspek tulisan sebesar 83,33% dengan kriteria sangat baik dan aspek rekayasa perangkat lunak sebesar 89,06% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Penilaian ahli materi dalam aspek materi sebesar 88,09% dengan kriteria sangat baik, aspek pembelajaran sebesar 87,50% dengan kriteria sangat baik dan aspek evaluasi sebesar 75% dengan kriteria cukup. Uji coba publik menggunakan google form didapatkan hasil kualitas aplikasi dalam aspek kualitas tampilan sebesar 82,90% dengan kriteria baik, aspek tulisan sebesar 86,98% dengan kriteria sangat baik dan aspek rekayasa perangkat lunak sebesar 86,40% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil perolehan data menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi bandara matematika berbasis Android pada materi bangun datar sederhana layak digunakan sebagai sumber pembelajaran matematika di tingkat SMP.
Studi Algoritma Linear Support Vector Machine pada Deteksi Ujaran Kebencian Berbahasa Indonesia
Authors: Ramdhani Alfi
Published: March 2019

Ekspresi ujaran kebencian merupakan suata fenomena yang berkembangan di dunia masyarakat era modern ini, banyak dari pengguna media sosial memanfaatkannya untuk mengekspresikan perasaan mereka maupun kehidupannya.  Namun dari fenomena ini semua berdampak kepada  lingkungan masyarakat yang terkesan sangat bebas mengekspresikan ujaran kebencian  dan berujung kepada tindakan kejahatan, entah darimana asal-usul penyebab terjadinya, bisa jadi karena pengaruh provokasi atau hal-hal lainnya yang persuasif. Maka dari itu tujuan penelitian melakukan studi terhadap algoritma Linear Support Vector Machine dalam melakukan deteksi ujaran kebencian berbahasa Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah algoritma Linear Support Vector Machine dengan feature Word N Gram. Dari hasil percobaan, diperoleh hasil evaluasi akurasi sebesar 86.55 % dengan metode 10-fold cross validation
Pemanfaatan Karbon Biomassa sebagai Reduktor dalam Ekstraksi Fe-Ni dari Bijih Nikel Laterit
Authors: Abidin Faizinal , Harjanto Sri , Kawigraha Aji , P Nur Vita
Published: March 2019

Pada proses pengolahan bijih nikel laterit, kokas dan agen reduktor lain diperlukan sebagai bahan utama sumber karbon untuk mereduksi senyawa oksida dalam laterit. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengganti ketergantungan reduktor konvensional adalah karbon biomassa yang memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan sumber reduktor berkelanjutan. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan proses reduksi langsung terhadap bijih nikel laterit untuk mendapatkan recovery besi dan nikel dengan menggunakan arang batok kelapa sebagai reduktor karbon biomassa. Reduksi dilakukan pada temperatur 1200OC ditahan 90 menit, pemanasan dilanjutkan sampai 1500OC dan ditahan 15 menit. Variasi penambahan arang batok kelapa yang digunakan adalah 25%, 37.5% dan 45% massa. Selain itu ditambahkan 10% CaCO3 untuk menurunkan titik lebur dan mengasilkan recovery Fe-Ni yang lebih tinggi. Uji komposisi kimia dilakukan pada bijih nikel laterit dan hasil reduksi untuk mengetahui recovery besi dan nikel. Analisa mineralogi dan karakterisasi struktur mikro untuk menganalisis pemetaan morfologi permukaan nikel laterit setelah reduksi.
Variasi Tekanan Kerja Suction Compressor Terhadap Kinerja Ac Split dengan R290
Authors: Mustaqim Mustaqim , Farid Ahmad , Wibowo Hadi
Published: March 2019

Telah dilakukan studi eksperimen kinerja R290 pada AC split basis R22. Karena dampak negative terhadap lingkungan oleh klorin dari penggunaan R22 yang menyebabkan terjadinya penipisan lapisan ozon maka kesepakatan montreal 1997 memutuskan untuk menghapus penggunaan R22. Zat alami R290 yang memiliki ODP nol dan GWP yang dapat diabaikan dipandang memiliki potensi yang besar sebagai alternative pengganti R22. Metode penelitian ini adalah menguji R290 pada AC split 1 PK basis R22 dengan memberikan variasi tekanan kerja pada suction kompresor berturut-turut sebesar 60 psi, 70 psi dan 80 psi. Pada masing-masing tekanan kerja suction kompresor yang diberikan diamati pengaruhnya terhadap kapasita pendinginan, kerja kompresor dan COP. Selanjutnya dengan metode yang sama diuji juga R22. Akhirnya kinerja R290 dan R22 dibandingkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kapasitas pendinginan R290 dan R22 meningkat terhadap peningkatan tekanan kerja suction yang diberikan. Semakin tinggi tekanan kerja suction, memberikan beda kapasitas pendinginan antara R290 dan R22 yang semakin besar. Perbedaan kapasitas pendinginan antara R22 dan R290 rata-rata mencapai 13,4%. Sementara itu, kinerja COP R290 mencapai 15,2 % lebih rendah disbandingkan dengan R22.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Iradiasi Gamma Terhadap Plastik Polipropilen di Tinjau dari Sifat Mekaniknya
Authors: Damayanti Defi , Ermawati Imas Ratna
Published: March 2019

Penelitian  ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan iradiasi gamma terhadap plastik polipropilen ditinjau dari  sifat mekaniknya. Plastik polipropilen yang digunakan dalam penelitian   ini adalah mangkok dan pot. Mangkok dan pot tersebut diberikan radiasi berupa sinar  gamma. Radiasi gamma atau sinar gamma adalah sebuah bentuk berenergi  dari  radiasi elektromagnetik yang ,  diproduksi  oleh  radioaktivitas  atau proses  nuklir  atau subatomik lainnya seperti penghancuran elektron-positron. Dosis yang diberikan bervariasi pada tiap sempelnya yaitu  5 kGy, 10 kGy dan 15 kGy.

Penelitia ini dilaksanakan di PAIR – BATAN Pasar Jumat. Peneliti  melaksanakan penelitian di tempat  tersebut karena ingin mengetahui pengaruh  radiasi terhadap plastik polipropilen dan penelitian juga dilaksanakan di Fakults Teknik Mesin UHAMKA Pasar rebo. Peneliti  melaksanakan penelitian di tempat tersebut karena ini mengetahui uji mekanik pada plasik polipropilen   yang sudah  di radiasi.

Hasil penelitian, untuk mangkok dengan dosis   5 kGy   memiliki kekuatan luluh sebesar   0.000, kekuatan tarik yang didapatkan sebesar 0.580  dan 1.332  dan elongation sebesar 5.747 dan 7.056. Mangkok dengan dosis   10 kGy   memiliki kekuatan  luluh sebesar  0.000,  kekuatan tarik yang didapatkan sebesar 2.084  dan 1.633  dan elongation sebesar 4.993 dan 6.791. Mangkok dengan dosis   15 kGy   memiliki kekuatan luluh sebesar  0.000, kekuatan tarik yang didapatkan sebesar 1.504  dan 1.569  dan elongation sebesar 3.323 dan 5.097. Pot dengan dosis   5 kGy   memiliki kekuatan luluh sebesar 0.000, kekuatan tarik yang didapatkan sebesar 1.419  dan 0.647  dan elongation sebesar 32.610 dan 30.120. Pot dengan dosis   10 kGy   memiliki kekuatan luluh sebesar 0.000, kekuatan tarik yang didapatkan sebesar 1.407  dan 1.618  dan elongation sebesar 16.013 dan 20.980. Pot dengan dosis   15 kGy   memiliki kekuatan luluh sebesar 0.000, kekuatan tarik yang didapatkan sebesar 1.936  dan 0.828  dan elongation sebesar  13.610 dan  9.820,  disimpulkan bahwa penggunan iradiasi gamma dapat mengurangi besarnya perpanjangan putus akibat putusnya rantai dan  juga dapat menaikkan besarnya kekuatan tarik suatu bahan
Pemanfaatan Pantulan Bola Karet sebagai Pemanen Energi pada Piezoelektrik
Authors: Sunard Ade , Gamayel Adhes
Published: March 2019

Piezoelektrik adalah salah satu pemanen energi yang mampu mengubah energi mekanis dari getaran menjadi energi listrik. Piezoelektrik menjadi sumber energi yang menarik karena ramah lingkungan dan hanya membutuhkan tekanan berulang untuk menghasilkan listrik. Di sisi lain, bola karet adalah bola yang dapat melakukan gerakan pantulan secara berulang. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih jauh tentang potensi panen energi pada bola karet dengan memanfaatkan piezoelektrik. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah mengetahui nilai tegangan listrik dari pengujian jatuhnya bola karet pada ketinggian 15, 20, 25 cm tepat diatas piezoelektrik berukuran 120 x 50 mm. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa dua bola karet yang dijatuhkan pada ketinggian 25 cm memiliki nilai tegangan listrik tertinggi yaitu 7,712 volt. Ketinggian awal bola karet berpengaruh terhadap energi mekanik yang dihasillkan. Semakin tinggi bola karet, kecepatan saat menumbuk piezoelektrik semakin cepat, sehingga lendutan pada piezoelektrik menjadi besar dan menghasilkan tegangan listrik.
VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA EM MULHERES VIVENCIANDO O CLIMATÉRIO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Maria Mesquita Mendes Pires Vilara , Peixoto Gonçalves Ive , Rodrigues de Jesus Luanna , Costa Machado Juliana , Laíse Gomes Leite Morais Roberta , Palmarella Rodrigues Vanda
Published: March 2019

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar as implicações da violência doméstica contra a mulher em fase de climatério destacadas nas publicações científicas no período de 2006 a 2016. Revisão integrativa, realizada a partir de buscas nas bases de dados: BVS, LILACS e MEDLINE e no portal de periódicos SCIELO, utilizando-se os descritores: violência contra a mulher e climatério. Após processo de buscas e seleção, foram analisados quatro artigos. Os resultados destacaram as repercussões da violência para a saúde da mulher ao longo do tempo, a valorização do modelo biologicista e fragmentado da saúde, o despreparo dos profissionais de saúde no cuidado às mulheres em situação de violência e a falta de estratégias de prevenção pelos serviços da rede de atenção à mulher em situação de violência. Destacamos a necessidade de assegurar os direitos sociais das mulheres com estratégias de prevenção no enfrentamento à violência, de forma eficaz, sensível e humana.
Dependence of the allergic status markers on the level of vitamin D in the serum
Authors: Dajic Katerina , Stojkovic Nebojsa , Novkovic Ljiljana , Vujic Ana , Stojkovic Andjelka
Published: March 2019

Introduction/Objective. Recent researches show a link between low vitamin D serum levels and increased prevalence of allergic disease. The objective of this study was to show whether there is any dependence of the allergic status markers: skin prick test (SPT), total immunoglobulin E IgE (tIgE), and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE ? 3 class) in serum from the serum 25(OH)D (vitDs) level in children with allergic disease/s. Methods. A total of 150 children with allergic disease/s were enrolled into this study. The vitDs, tIgE, SPT, and sIgE ? 3 class for aeroallergens and common food allergens were simultaneously assessed. Results. We found a negative correlation between vitDs level and age groups and a statistically significant positive correlation between vitDs level and tIgE, sIgE ? 3 class for hen?s egg yolk and hen?s egg white. A statistically significant positive correlation was determined between vitDs level and SPT on Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and a negative correlation between tIgE and SPT on Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, as well as between vitDs level and sIgE ? 3 class for Cladosporium and Alternaria molds. We confirmed the dependence of nettle rash and comorbidity asthma from the vitamin D insufficiency and vitamin D deficiency. We did not find any dependence of serum tIgE on vitDs level for the sample. Conclusion. In order to get an adequate insight into the allergic status in children, we must take into account the pleotropic effects of vitamin D, according to which we suggest that, in the future, vitDs level should be determined synchronously with known markers of allergic status.
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Reduction With SGLT-2 Inhibitors: Dose-Response Meta-analysis and Comparative Evaluation With Low-Dose Hydrochlorothiazide
Authors: Georgianos Panagiotis I. , Agarwal Rajiv
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

Sodium–glucose cotransporter (SGLT)-2 inhibitors lower clinic and ambulatory blood pressure (BP), possibly through their natriuretic action. However, it remains unclear whether this BP-lowering effect is dose dependent and different from that of low-dose hydrochlorothiazide. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to quantify the association of the dose with response of ambulatory BP to SGLT-2 inhibition and to provide comparative evaluation with low-dose hydrochlorothiazide.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane database of clinical trials from inception of each database through 22 August 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting treatment effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on ambulatory BP. We extracted data on the mean difference between the active treatment and placebo groups in change from baseline (CFB) of ambulatory systolic and diastolic BP.

RESULTS

We identified seven RCTs (involving 2,381 participants) comparing SGLT-2 inhibitors with placebo. Of these, two RCTs included low-dose hydrochlorothiazide as active comparator. CFB in 24-h systolic BP between SGLT-2 inhibitor and placebo groups was −3.62 mmHg (95% CI −4.29, −2.94) and in diastolic BP was −1.70 mmHg (95% CI −2.13, −1.26). BP lowering with SGLT-2 inhibition was more potent during daytime than during nighttime. The CFB in ambulatory BP was comparable between low-dose and high-dose subgroups and was similar to that for low-dose hydrochlorothiazide. Eligible RCTs did not evaluate cardiovascular outcomes/mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

This meta-analysis shows that SGLT-2 inhibitors provoke an average reduction of systolic/diastolic BP 3.62/1.70 mmHg in 24-h ambulatory BP. This BP-lowering effect remains unmodified regardless of the dose of SGLT-2 inhibitor and is comparable with BP-lowering efficacy of low-dose hydrochlorothiazide.
Recurrent Prolonged Epileptic Fugue State Misdiagnosed as Psychosis? Tale of a Middle-Aged Female Nigerian African
Authors: Olowoyo Paul , Oguntoye Oluwafunmilayo , Akinbote John , Mayowa Owolabi Rufus Akinyemi,
Published: March 2019

A fugue is a state of reversible amnesia for personal identity in which case an individual wanders away from home or place of work for periods of hours, days or even weeks. It could be psychogenic (dissociative) or organic. We report a case of epileptic fugue state in a middle-aged woman treated with carbamazepine after several years of misdiagnosis as a psychotic disorder.
Facilitating Knowledge of Women on Importance of Iodine in Foetal Brain Development through Nursing Education: An Evidence-Based Educational Intervention
Authors: ABRAHAM BINDU KAIPPARETTU
Published: March 2019

The purpose of the evidence-based practice educational intervention was to a) assess the knowledge of women on the importance of iodine in fetal brain development b) find the effectiveness of planned teaching program on women. Iodine Deficiency Disorders can impact on people of all ages, but most severely on the baby while it is developing in the womb. During pregnancy, it can cause maternal and fetal hypothyroidism and impair neurological development of the fetus.  This study showed that women did not have enough knowledge regarding the importance of iodine in fetal brain development. So there was lack of knowledge in some aspects regarding the importance of iodine in fetal brain development among women residing in the rural area The nurses have an influential role in imparting knowledge on the importance of iodine in fetal brain development. They can utilize their opportunities to spread awareness about the importance of iodine deficiency disorders leading to brain damage.  Providing EBP educational intervention on this topic positively impacted on their knowledge. The findings underscore evidence-based nursing is one approach that may enable future healthcare providers to manage the explosion of new literature and technology and ultimately may result in improved patient outcomes. Hence it helps to implement in their caregiving as a nurse educator, midwife, and as public health nurse.
A Review on Functions of Rakt Dhatu and Prana Vayu to Establish Lung Function Capacity
Authors: Shamrao Patil Dr. Vishal , Bhalsing Dr. (Mrs.) Manisha V.
Published: March 2019

Lung function tests are useful in assessing the functional status of Respiratory system in both in physiological as well as pathological conditions. These are based on the measurement of volume of air breathed in and out in quite breathing & forced breathing. Air in lungs is classified in to two divisions’ lung volumes & lung capacities. Lung Capacities are the combination of two or more lung volumes. The concept of Rakt Dhatu & Vayu is important in case of respiration because Charaka says that pure blood provides the person with strength, luster & happy life because vital breath follows blood. It represents mechanism of oxygenated & deoxygenated blood & its relation with functioning capacity of Lungs. So In this article attempt has been made to review concepts regarding functions of Rakt Dhatu & Vayu to Establish Lung Function Capacity.
Indian Dermoscopic Study of Forty Six Cases of Lichen Planus Pigmentosus - New Dermoscopy Signs Discovered
Authors: Rajendra Kumar Sharma Rahul Kumar Sharma,
Published: March 2019

Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP) is a atypical pigmented variety of lichen planus. Lichen planus pigmentosus is an unpredictable relapsing idiopathic dermatosis with periods of activation and remission with poor response to treatment and may leads to cosmetically disfiguring post inflammatory pigmentation.

Aim - To study dermoscopic features of untreated cases of Lichen planus pigmentosus.

Study subjects - All the patients who attended the dermatology clinic from November 2015 to November 2017 with the clinical diagnosis of LPP and who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Methodology - All the patients who attended the dermatology clinic with the diagnosis of LPP were examined by a dermatoscope. Dermoscopy was performed with DL4 dermatoscope. The images were further magnified with smart phone.

Results - Our study showed various dermoscopic signs in cases of LPP like annular granular pattern (35 cases), annular globular pattern (5 cases), homogeneous brown pigmentation (12 cases), homogeneous brownish black pigmentation (8 cases), brownish ovoid nests (3 cases), bluish blackish fine dots (4 cases), Wickham’s striae(2 cases) and pigmented targetoid globules(3 cases).

Discussion - Dermatoscope is an indispensible valuable tool in clinical practice which helps in making early lucid diagnosis of LPP with very high accuracy. Our study showed that annular granular pattern is the commonest pattern in Indian LPP cases followed by homogeneous brown pigmentation. In our Indian LPP dermoscopy study we discovered three novel dermoscopic signs which includes brownish globular nests, pigmented targetoid globules and bluish blackish fine dots. In our study we got few unique cases where Wickham’s striae was also present with other dermoscopic signs which supports the link of LPP to lichen planus. Dermatoscopic diagnosis of LPP is made by combination of various signs and should not be dependent on the presence of single marker.
Study of Serum Electrolytes in Acute Renal Failure; Pre and Post Dialysis
Authors: S. B Gaikwad , A. B. Agte , G. S. Niturkar
Published: March 2019

Measurement of the concentration of electrolytes in serum levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and chloride is important in acute renal failure (ARF). The level of these electrolytes in serum was analyzed in predialysis and post dialysis. The data obtained revealed that decrease in serum level of sodium, potassium, magnesium and chloride while increase in serum level of calcium was seen in post dialysis as compared to predialysis.
Physical and Mental Health Status, Life Style and Quality of Life among Hijra /Transgender Woman: An Exploratory Study in Chandigarh, India
Authors: Dr. Sushma kumari Sani, Dr. Sandhya Ghai Raju Ram Runwal, Mrs. Manjula Thakur, , Mittal Mr. Sandeep
Published: March 2019

Objective:  Transgender people are a highly vulnerable group in India with high level of HIV and mental health burden. While HIV interventions among hijra/transgender women are being scaled up in various parts of India, limited information is available on their physical, mental health status and quality of life thus, a study was conducted to assess the health status, and quality of life of hijra/transgender people in India.

Methodology: A purposive sampling technique 60 participants were enrolled who are registered non-government organization in Chandigarh. Data was collected by interview, physical assessment and health records analysis. We used Standardized tools as Back Depression Inventory, General Well Being Scale, Social Adjustment Scale, WHO QOL BREF, Bio Physiological assessment and life style Questioner for data collection. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics like frequency distribution, mean, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results: The mean age was 33±10.6 years Standard deviation 10.6. More than one-fourth were illiterate and only 26.75% were educated up to matriculation. A majority (90%) of them were engaged taking badhai and getting money. Majority (92%) of the participants had central obesity (WHR > 0.85cm). Only few reported diabetes mellitus (6.7%), hypertension (6.7%) and HIV infection (6.7%). Half of the participants had mild depression and 40% had borderline to severe depression. Forty two percent had stress. Quality of life revealed that 11.6 % had poor Quality of life and about forty six percent of participants had average Quality of life.

Conclusion: Poor quality of life, less education, occupation, multiple sexual partner, obesity and substance abuse are some health issues are needed to be stressed to improve the overall quality of life of transgender people.
Correlate between Socioeconomic Status with Oxidative Stress in HIV /AIDS Pregnant Women’s
Authors: Mishra Dr. Asha , A. Agnihotri Dr. Madhuri , Sitholay Mrs. Pooja , Ratnani Dr. Rekha
Published: March 2019

Background - Stress during pregnancy can have serious adverse outcomes on the mother, the fetus, newborn, children and even adolescents. Socioeconomic status has been recognized as a predictor of stress amongst pregnant women

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to determine the correlation between oxidative stress and socioeconomic status of HIV / AIDs pregnant women. 

To determine oxidative stress levels we will measure :

                 Glutathione (GSH) concentration

                 Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration

                 Total Antioxidant Status (TAS)

                 Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx)

                 Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD)

To correlate socioeconomic status with oxidative stress in HIV/AIDs pregnant women’s.

Result - Shows the level of hormones in normal pregnant women and HIV positive pregnant women. Hormone level in HIV pregnant women were significantly decreased found compare to normal pregnant women. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of HIV in India is low, the lack of strong wealth patterning in the risk of HIV suggests a more generalized distribution of HIV risk than some of India's high-risk group HIV prevention policies have assumed. The positive association between state economic development and individual risk for HIV is intriguing and requires further scrutiny. On the basis of our result we concluded that the HIV positive pregnant women experience more free radical injury than those with HIV negative pregnant women. Due to oxidative stress, when highly induce it is involved in tissue damage. These mechanisms lead to the decrease of the antioxidant capacity of the body in HIV positive pregnant women.
Psychoactive Substance Use among Adolescents in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria: Prevalence and Association with Anxiety and Depression
Authors: J. A. Akinbote, , O. O. Omigbodun
Published: March 2019

Psychoactive substance use among adolescents is a global public health problem and a serious concern for mental health professionals especially when co-morbid with anxiety and depression. The current study determined the prevalence of adolescents’ psychoactive substance use and its association with anxiety, depression and sociodemographic correlates. Participants (n=1059) completed the Socio-demographic Data Schedule, the World Health Organization (WHO) Student Drug Use Questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The lifetime prevalence of adolescents’ psychoactive substance use was 57.2%. Logistic regression revealed that adolescents’ psychoactive substance use was increased three-fold by anxiety and it was significantly and independently predicted by older age, poor academic performance, family background, low social class and parental drug use (p< 0.05). This suggests that anxiety among other factors should be particularly sought among adolescents with substance use problems.
Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue: Fallacies in Its Diagnosis
Authors: Smitha Chandra B.C, Rajeev Naik Amrit Kaur Kaler, Shweta C,
Published: March 2019

Spindle cell carcinoma is a rare aggressive biphasic tumor, composed of neoplastic proliferation of both epithelial (squamous) and spindle cell population. It constitutes about 1% of all oral cavity tumors 2a and is almost rare on the tongue; only few cases have been reported so far. This variant of squamous cell carcinoma, comprises major diagnostic problems due to its varied histomorphology and resemblance to sarcomatous lesion; hence diligent screening and IHC markers are mandatory for its diagnosis.
High HBA1C Level Is Associated With Low Heamoglobin Level
Authors: Rashid Mafooza , Vinay Bharat B. K. Gupta, , Gupta Abhishek , Rashid Zubair
Published: March 2019

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the hemoglobin levels among normal controls (patients) and patients of TypeII diabetes with HbA1c levels below 7 % & above 7 %.and secondly to identify the undetected cases of anemia in TypeII diabetes.

Materials & Methods - 50 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with their glycosylated hemoglobin levels less than 7 %, 50 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with their glycosylated hemoglobin levels more than 7 % attending the Medicine outpatient department of Subharti Medical College and Hospital will be the subjects for the study.50 age and sex matched controls will be selected randomly from Subharti Medical College and Hospital. Informed written consent will be taken from all the subjects. The study will be conducted from January 2016 to January.

Result - We studied 50 cases with HbA1C>7(poor control),50 cases with HbA1C 5.6 to7 (good control) and 50 controls with HbA1C ≤5.6, we observed in cases with HbA1C>7 (poorly control) ,the mean HbA1C is 9.9±2 and mean Hb is 9.8±1.3 as compared to cases with HbA1C 5.6 to 7(good control) where mean HbA1C is 6±0.4 and Hb is 13±0.5,this clearly indicates that in cases HbA1C is more Hb levels are low and when HbA1C is less Hb levels are higher.

Conclusion - In the present study we found negative correlation between HbA1c & Hb levels. As the value of HbA1c increases, as in cases of HbA1c >7(poor diabetic control), we found low Hb levels as compared to the cases with HbA1c <7(5.6-7) (good control).
POMPP Score: Evaluation of Mortality and Morbidity in Patients with Secondary Peritonitis
Authors: J. S. Shergill , S. Sharma , R. Kaur , B. L Sunkaria
Published: March 2019

Background: Gastrointestinal tract perforation is one of the common surgical emergency all over the world. Menekse et al devised POMPP score (predictive score of mortality in perforated peptic ulcer) to predict the morbidity and mortality in peptic ulcer perforation. Aim: The objective of this study was to assess the validity of POMPP score in peptic ulcer perforation and to assess its usefulness in gastrointestinal perforation due to causes other than the peptic ulcer. Methods: Fifty consecutive cases, who had undergone exploratory laparotomy for gastrointestinal perforation peritonitis, were included in the study. “These patients were assessed at the time of admission on the basis of Age >65 years, BUN >45mg/dl (Blood Urea Nitrogen) and Albumin <1.5g/L and a score of 1 point each had been given”. The total score was compared with the outcome of the disease in relation with mortality. Results: In our study, 42% of gastrointestinal perforation were due to peptic ulcer, 22 % due to small bowel perforations (18% Ileal and 4 % Jejunal), 14 % due to trauma and 22 % due to miscellaneous causes. Morbidity is common after gastrointestinal perforation and it ranges from 17-63% whereas mortality ranges from 6-14%. Conclusions: POMPP score is easy and valid scoring system for peptic ulcer perforation. Early detection of high risk peptic perforation cases, allow other supportive treatment modality apart from surgery which can decrease the mortality. However, this score is not valid in perforation due to causes other than peptic ulcer.
Outcome off Primary Coronary Angioplasty by Radial Route: Study on 100 Cases
Authors: Ratnani Dr. Dilip , Ratnani Dr. Rekha
Published: March 2019

Recently radial artery is being used as a vascular access route for coronary procedures. Primary angioplasty with transfemoral procedure is associated with high access site bleeding complications due to use of potent antiplatelets and anticoagulants therefore radial access should be preferred if the operators are experienced and familiar with the technique. Methods: Total 100 pa‡…tients were included in the study in which procedure was performed by the trans radial route. All routine laboratory investigations were performed. Support of a temporary pacemaker was kept ready. All patients were prepared according to the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Standards. Radial artery cannulation was performed. Results: 100 patients were included in the study selected for radial route. Mean age of the patients who underwent primary CAI was 59±8.4. The most affected artery in the as shown angiography was Left anterior descending (58%) followed by Right coronary artery (41%). Least affected artery was left main (6%) and Ramus intermedius (6%). Mean of diseased vessels was 1.34 ± 1.25. Crossover from radial to femoral route was done on 5 patients of which 2 patients were having radial artery anomaly and in 3 patients arterial puncture was not successful. Mean hospital stay of the patients after procedure was 6.8 ± 2.1. Conclusion: transradial approach for coronary procedures is a safe technique and gives similar clinical results to transfemoral access. Complications at the radial access site are negligible. Length of hospital stay, time to mobilisation and cost all are reduced in the transfemoral approach.
Effect of Foot Reflexology Practice on Acute Pain and Anxiety of Critically ill Patients after Cardiothoracic Surgery
Authors: Abdou Fayza Ahmed , Abd El-Hafez Amal Ismael
Published: March 2019

Background: One of complementary therapy is foot reflexology practice which is effortlessly, un-costly and with little risks or complications and can be considered as part of nursing procedures for acute pain and anxiety after cardiothoracic surgery. Objective: evaluate the effect of foot reflexology practice on acute pain and anxiety of critically ill patients after cardiothoracic surgery. Research hypothesis: The pain and anxiety score among the interventional group who receiving the foot reflexology practice is lower than that of the control group. Research design: a quasi-experimental research design was used. Setting: This study was conducted in Cardiothoracic and Post-Operative Intensive Care Units at Assuit University Hospital. Subjects: sixty patients were enrolled in this study and assigned equally to intervention and control groups during the period of data collection from February 2015 to February 2016. Results: There were significant differences between the mean of pain and anxiety score of both groups at immediately, and 45 minutes indicating lower mean of pain and anxiety level among intervention group who received foot reflexology practice than control group. Conclusion: The intervention group who received foot reflexology practice had lower pain and anxiety level than the control group who didn’t received foot reflexology practice after cardiothoracic surgery.
Language and Culture Appropriate Approaches Needed to Improve Health Education to Reduce Disparities among Korean American Immigrants Living in Los Angeles
Authors: Kim Jayoung , Shahid Muhammad , Yeon Austin , Cho Eunho , Bae Jooeun , Park Rebekah J.
Published: March 2019

This study aimed to determine the disparities associated with health awareness and access to health education among Korean American residents living in the Los Angeles area. In particular, this research focused on gathering data on how Korean American immigrants perceive health information and what major barriers prevent them from gaining access to healthcare. In total, 421 Korean Americans living in Los Angeles participated in this study. The constructed 13-item questionnaires were provided in a pen and paper or online version in Korean or English. The quantitatively evaluated data revealed the status of exercise, smoking, access to healthcare, health interest, alcoholic consumption et al. in female and male subjects. Our study found that older age groups chose the paper survey option rather than the online version. They also preferred the Korean-translated survey over the English one. These findings suggest that careful consideration on language and format is required when assessing healthcare access in older generation Korean Americans. The major health concern of the paper survey group was also cancer prevention.
An Action Inquiry to Develop a Marking Guide for Poster Presentations by Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: McMullan Johanna
Published: March 2019

The aim of this paper is to explore the process of an action inquiry approach to produce a mark guide for a poster presentation assessment undertaken by undergraduate student nurses. Historically students have failed to engage with the task of poster presentation as they were of the opinion that the marks awarded by tutors failed to reflect the effort or skills acquired in completing the task. To solve this problem firstly the effort and skills required whilst completing the task must be captured. Secondly these must be accurately translated into a robust mark guide. The overall outcome will hopefully be a change in students’ attitude to engaging with poster presentation as an assessment method as they see a robust and accurate mark guide that accurately reflects the task carried out. In order for this change to occur and produce a desirable outcome it is imperative that the students have ownership of the project and are fully involved at every stage and this is why an action research methodology was employed.
Magnesium Sulfate Poisoning Revealed by Hypothermia and Visual Disturbances: About a Case
Authors: D Barboza , V William , M M Traoré , PA Leye , M Diaw , P I Ndiaye , EB Ba , I Gaye , MD Bah , M L Fall , E Diouf
Published: March 2019

Eclampsia requires appropriate treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension and early management before the onset of signs of seriousness. Patients in post-caesarean section are transferred to intensive care. Magnesium sulfate is the drug of choice because it reduces the incidence of eclampsia attacks in severe pre-eclamptic patients and the risk of recurrent seizures in eclamptic patients. Like any medicine, it has side effects, some of which may go unnoticed. This is a 30-year-old primip female patient at the maternity hospital for severe pre-eclampsia. Blood pressure was 180/130 mmHg. The patient had severe vertigo and edema. She was put under magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) at a rate of 4g in 20 minutes then 1g / h in pre and post-caesarean section. At the twelfth hour after admission to intensive care, she presented visual blur and persistent hypothermia. The course of action consisted in stopping magnesium sulfate and administering 2g of calcium gluconate. The evolution was favorable with a return to normal temperature and a good quality vision. The electrocardiogram was normal. She was transferred to the maternity ward at day 6.
Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Stem Barks from Albizia Ferruginea (Mimosaceae) on Chronic Inflammation Induced in Rats
Authors: Martin Thierry Bella Ndzana , Minoué Kuum Marc Germain , Temdie Guemmogne Roméo Joël , Tchadji Jules Colince , Lissom Abel , Dimo Théophile
Published: March 2019

Albizia ferruginea is used in popular medicine for the treatment of inflammatory illnesses. The chronic anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of A. ferruginea was assessed on the cotton pellet-induced granuloma, formalin and complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammation. The aqueous extract of A. ferruginea was administered orally at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg. It’s showed that A. ferruginea extract (100 or 200 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.001) inhibited the granuloma formation induced by cotton pellets by 41.70 % and 46.10 %, respectively. A. ferruginea extract, at the dose of 200 mg/kg inhibited (p<0.01) the paw œdema induced by formalin (25.79 %) and Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) in rats(47.40 %).A. ferruginea  extract(100 or 200 mg/kg) normalized the level of white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, and platelets of rats treated with CFA. Glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels were significantly increase (92.59% and 60.51%, respectively), catalase activity was significantly increased (42.03%) in the tissue of CFA rats treated with A. ferruginea (200 mg/kg). Malondialdehyde level was reduced by 72.88% (p<0.01) in spleen of rats treated with A. ferruginea aqueous extract. The nitrite level was significantly decreased by 50.51% in liver of CFA rats treated with A. ferruginea (200 mg/kg). These results show that aqueous extract of A. ferruginea may possess anti-inflammatory effects on chronic inflammation, which could be partially attributed to its antioxidant properties.
Coping Strategies for Physically Challenged Children
Authors: Abraham Bindu Kaipparettu
Published: March 2019

The aim of this research is to assess the coping strategies of physically challenged children. The area of assessment included in physical, emotional and social problems related to their physical disability. Descriptive research design was selected to study the physical, emotional and social problems and its coping strategies of physically challenged children. Purposive sampling technique used for 50 samples of Physically challenged children between the age group of 10-15 years who were educated at the special school in Mangalore. It was reached from the result of the findings that physically challenged children are using negative coping mechanism for social problems related to their physical disability whereas physical and emotional problems related to physical disability most of them are using positive coping mechanism.
"Recovery of Kidney Function after 2 Years on Hemodialysis Due to Intra-renal Thrombotic Microangiopathy Induced by Interferon β-1a”
Authors: Al-Bader Shaikha , El-Reshaid Kamel
Published: March 2019

Beta interferons (IFN) are the first approved and the most-widely used disease modifying therapies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Despite their good overall long-term safety data they can rarely cause renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TM). In this report, we describe a patient who developed a rapidly progressive renal failure with hypertension after receiving IFN-β-1a for 2 years. She had just mild anemia without laboratory evidence of hemolysis and her peripheral platelets counts were normal. Kidney biopsy was done despite her relatively smaller-sized kidneys at 8.8 cm. It showed intra-renal acute on top of chronic TM. She did not have antiphospholipid antibodies, hypercoagulable state or genetic predisposition to TM. ADAMTS13 activity was normal. Despite discontinuation of IFN, plasma exchange and high dose corticosteroids for 2 weeks, she progressed fast to being dialysis-dependent. Her celiac and renal angiograms were normal. IFN β-1a was replaced with Azathioprine and her severe hypertension was controlled. Interestingly, she remained dialysis-dependent for 2 years and subsequently, had recovered. One year later, her serum creatinine is at 129 umol/L and her kidneys size is 8 cm. In-conclusion, IFN-β treatment can induce renal-limited TM which may recover up to 2 years later.
Ionotropes Induced Symmetrical Peripheral Gangrene: A Case Report
Authors: .O Naushad , .S Kaur , .M Bashir
Published: March 2019

Symmetrical peripheral gangrene is characterised by presence of distal ischemic changes in two or more extremities without the vessel obstruction[1]. It is a rare but serious complication in patients of septic shock receiving ionotropes[2] which may lead to limb amputation.
Epidemiological Traits and Seasonal Variation of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) in Children
Authors: Kalar Musleh Uddin , Musaelyan Arine , Nikolaevna Vitkovskaya Elizaveta , Mansoor Farah , Azaaibi M. , Mathew Schwan
Published: March 2019

Background: HSP is typically a disease of children between the ages of 3 and 10 years. Although adult cases have been described, 50% of all cases occur at or before the age of 5 years. Males are affected twice as often as females. In North America, Caucasians have the highest prevalence, and African Americans have the lowest prevalence. Although the cause of HSP is unknown, it commonly follows an upper respiratory tract infection. As a result, the disease is more common in winters.

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) in children.

To determine the seasonal variation of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) in children.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center & Karachi Medical & Dental College. Children (<17 yr of age) diagnosed with HSP were included on the basis of non-probability convenient sampling. The diagnosis of HSP was based on the standard defined by the American College of Rheumatology. The sample size calculation was done using the World Health Organization, Geneva software where α=5%, 1-Beta=80, Po=0.15, Pa=0.20, sample size=342. Continuous variables like age and number of patients admitted at various time of year were presented as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables, gender and age (<14, >14 years) were presented as proportions.

Results: Mean age of children with HSP was 11 ± 1.5 years. Majority of the children 43.6% were <14 years of age in 2017 and 51.2% in 2018. The annual prevalence of HSP from 2017 till 2018 increased to 9.2%. The frequency of hospitalization also increased, 2017: 40%; 2018: 59%. Males were 71% and females were 28%. Male to female ratio was 2.0. Males >10 years were 29% and females >10 years were 70% (p<0.05) Table1. Number of cases increased from 8-12 years of age and were less frequent in <8 years and >14 years of age. Majority, 20% of cases were of 10 years age. HSP occur all year round with a high prevalence in the winter season. Number of patients increased from 2% in June and July to 58% from November till February.

Conclusion: The overall prevalence of HSP was 19.5 per 1000 affecting children of 9 to 11 years in winters.
Efficacy of Split-Dosing versus Conventional Bowel Preparation in Colonoscopy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Gee Tikfu , Abdullah Nadia B , Wai Peng Chin , Sheau Wan Tong , Oominn Minn , Shu Yu Lim , Fei Yee Lee , Nik Qisti Fathi , Xin Lim Wan , Yue Tsen Poh
Published: March 2019

Background: Colonoscopy is an indispensable investigative and therapeutic tool in colorectal conditions. The accuracy of colonoscopic diagnosis is dependent on the effectiveness of the bowel preparation and the visibility of the colonic mucosa. Objective: This study compares the efficacy of split-dosing bowel preparation compared to the conventional the single-day timing of bowel preparation, by measuring the quality of colonoscopy performed using a validated bowel cleanliness score. Methods: An endoscopist-blinded clinical trial was conducted over a period of three months through convenient sampling at the Surgery Out-Patient Clinic at a secondary referral hospital in Malaysia. Data were recorded prospectively on the timing of bowel preparation, colonoscopic view of bowel cleanliness, age, and gender. Results: There was a total of 110 subjects for both conventional and test groups. Demographic studies showed 63 (57.3%) patients were under 60 years old, 61(55.5%) were male, and 48 (44%) were Malays. For the patients undergoing colonoscopy, the majority of the 86 (78.2%) had good bowel preparation and 96 (87.3%) of them with high efficacy of bowel preparation. The timing of bowel preparation is significantly associated with the efficacy of the bowel preparation and the quality of the colonoscopy (p<0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that split-dosing bowel preparation is significantly better than conventional timing bowel preparation in improving both the efficacy of bowel preparation as well as the quality of colonoscopy.
Analysis of Malondialdehyde Level in Leprosy Patients
Authors: Pane Ria S , Lubis Syahril R , Darmi Mila
Published: March 2019

Background: Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Oxidative stress (OS) is a condition associated with an increased rate of celluler damage induced by the oxygen derived oxidants commonly known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are capable of damaging celluler constituen generated in excess during the chronic, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disease process of leprosy. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is end product of lipid peroxidation by ROS and serves as marker of celluler damage. Aim: To analyse the diference of MDA level in Paucibacillary (PB) and Multibacillary (MB) leprosy. Methods: 17 new cases of leprosy patients that were diagnosed by clinical and laboratory examinations. We conducted blood samplings and measurements of plasma MDA level with HPLC method. Results: In this study, there was increased the mean of MDA level in MB compared with PB and significant statistically (p<0, 05). Conclusion: Tissue damage due to OS in leprosy patients is more severe in MB group than PB group