bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HDL from 36h Fasted Participants Potently Promotes Efflux of Cholesteryl Ester from Activated Microglia
Authors: Agus Joanne K. , Herrera Oscar M. Muñoz , Rhodes Christopher H. , Zheng Jack Jingyuan , Zhu Chenghao , Wong Maurice , Tang Xinyu , Maezawa Izumi , Jin Lee-Way , Lebrilla Carlito B. , Harvey Danielle J. , Zivkovic Angela M.
Published: August 2024

The potential impact of lifestyle changes such as prolonged fasting on brain health still remains unclear. Neurodegenerative diseases often exhibit two key hallmarks: accumulation of misfolded proteins such as amyloid beta oligomers (AβO) and intracellular cholesterol accumulation. In this study, we investigate how a 36-hour fast affects the capacity of isolated high-density lipoproteins (HDL) to modulate the effects of AβO and excess cholesterol in microglia. HDL from 36-hour fasted individuals were significantly more effective in effluxing cholesteryl esters from treated microglia, showing a remarkable 10-fold improvement compared to HDL from the postprandial state. Furthermore, the ability of 36-hour fasted HDL to mitigate the reduction of apolipoprotein E secretion in AβO- and cholesterol-loaded microglia surpassed that of postprandial HDL. In exploring differences among HDL parameters from postprandial, overnight fasted, and 36-hour fasted individuals, we observed that plasma HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I concentrations remained unchanged. However, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis revealed reduced total HDL particle count, a decrease in the smallest HDL particles (HDL1, 7.4 nm diameter), and an increase in the largest HDL particles (HDL7, 12 nm) after the 36-hour fast. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis further found an increase in even larger HDL particles (12–14 nm) in 36-hour fasted individuals. Targeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics and glycoproteomics unveiled a reduction in HDL-associated apolipoprotein A-IV and di-sialylated apolipoprotein C-III content following the 36-hour fast. These findings collectively suggest that prolonged fasting induces structural, compositional, and functional alterations in HDL particles, and influences their capacity to attenuate the effects of excess cholesterol and AβO in microglia.
Using ionizable guanidine to develop cholesterol-free three-component lipid nanoparticles for spleen-targeted mRNA delivery
Authors: Li Mao , Zhang He , Liu Dejing , Liang Zhuoying
Published: August 2024

Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) represents a key breakthrough in the realm of RNA therapeutics, particularly for the development of mRNA therapeutics and vaccines. Most LNPs developed to date rely on tertiary-amine based ionizable lipids and are mainly limited to liver delivery. Current strategies to alter the targeting performances of LNPs require four or more components, with cholesterol being a crucial element in the formulation. In this study, we introduce a novel approach utilizing an ionizable guanidine analogue, guanidino-carbonyl-pyrrole (GCP), to construct ionizable lipids. These GCP-based lipids can form multilayered, onion-like LNPs. These guanidine-based LNPs are highly sensitive to pH changes in the environment and demonstrate superior mRNA delivery capabilities both in vitro and in vivo. Unlike the commonly used amine-based lipids, GCP-lipids enable the formation of three-component, cholesterol-free LNPs that efficiently deliver functional mRNA to the spleen. Furthermore, we show that the new LNP system could transport mRNA to splenic immune cells with high efficacy, thus providing an exciting opportunity for future applications. Our findings underscore the advantages of ionizable guanidine-based lipids and could pave the way for the development of LNPs capable of targeting tissues beyond the liver.
Reducing the Risk of Mud Rushes in Sokolov Iron Mine
Authors: Rybnikova Liudmila , Rybnikov Petr A. , Efremov Evgenii Y.
Published: August 2024

Mud rushes from the caved rock zone pose a danger to mining operations. Large ore deposits that are mined using sublevel caving systems are susceptible to this problem. The difficult hydrogeological conditions of the Sokolov iron ore deposit (Sokolov-Sarbay ore zone, Republic of Kazakhstan) necessitated the construction of a complex drainage system consisting of an external drainage gallery around the deposit that intercepts the main flux from the Cretaceous aquifer, and internal drainage facilities, which drain all aquifers within the caved rock zone. Despite the relatively effective operation of the drainage system, mud rushes of large volumes of water from the caved rock zone occur periodically. The most significant and dramatic event was the accident in 2005, which claimed two human lives and resulted in the flooding of 24 km of mine workings. It took six months to restore the mine. Smaller-scale accidents also cause significant damage since mud rushes and mud pushes lead to considerable downtimes and ore dillution, as a result of which mine productivity is significantly reduced. The paper considers the groundwater flow model of the Sokolov-Sarbay iron ore zone. Using scenario modeling, the study establishes the relationship between the hydraulic conductivity of the caved rock zone of the caved rock zone and mine water inflow into haulage level of the Sokolov underground mine. A forecast of mine water inflow is made, and mine drainage upgrading options are proposed for the purpose of improving mining safety and preventing mud rushes.
Enhancing Digital Readiness and Capability in Healthcare: A Systematic Review of Interventions, Barriers, and Facilitators
Authors: Alotaibi Norah , Wilson Christine Brown , Traynor Marian
Published: August 2024

Introduction
The rapid integration of digital technologies in healthcare requires healthcare professionals to be digitally ready and capable. This systematic review aims to identify interventions that improve digital readiness and capability among health professionals and to understand the barriers and facilitators they encounter during this digital transformation.
Methodology
A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines. We searched five databases CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and Web of Science. The review used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework to investigate factors influencing technology adoption. Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, focusing on health professionals' digital capability in healthcare settings. Quality assessment was performed using the MMAT checklist, and data were analysed and synthesized to extract relevant themes and sub-themes.
Results
Initially, 1140 studies were identified, with 21 meeting the inclusion criteria after screening. These studies, published between 2017 and 2023.The results were categorized into four main themes: Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Facilitating Conditions, and Social Influence, with two sub-themes. The studies indicated that technology positively impacts job performance, facilitating acceptance among healthcare professionals. Ease of use was crucial for technology acceptance, while complexity and multiple logins were significant barriers. The importance of sufficient training and organizational support was highlighted to enhance digital competency and address technical issues, with inadequate training and infrastructure being major barriers. Social influence, including motivation of healthcare workers and shared decision-making, played a significant role in technology acceptance.
Conclusion
This review highlights critical factors influencing the digital readiness and capability of healthcare professionals. Interventions enhancing performance expectancy, addressing effort expectancy, improving facilitating conditions, and leveraging social influence are essential for successful digital health adoption. Future research should develop comprehensive frameworks to overcome barriers and promote digital health readiness. Integrating specialized training into educational programs is crucial for preparing healthcare professionals to navigate the evolving digital landscape.
Comparative Study of Causal Explanatory Models of Schizophrenia: Mental Health Specialists and Non-Experts in Mexico
Authors: Ávalos-Tinoco Cecilia , Platas-Neri Diana , Piña-Romero Silvia , Tellez-Alanís Bernarda , Caballero Marta , Salcedo-Gómez Mariana
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Studies on intuitive theories of mental disorders, particularly causal models underlying specific disorders, have shown variations attributed to professional and cultural contexts. These intuitive theories are framed in at least three domains: medical-biological, psychosocial and sociocultural.
Objective. This study aims to identify the domains in which causal models of schizophrenia are framed in different specialists on mental health -psychologists, psychiatrists, psychoanalysts-, and non-experts.
Method. A cause-by-cause questionnaire was used to explore the attributed causes of schizophrenia and their associations. Causal network analysis identified structures and patterns among the groups.
Results. Significant variations were found in causal models among specialists and in laypersons' conceptions of schizophrenia.
Discussion. The analysis revealed consistent patterns of domain variation among mental health specialists and non-experts, aligning with previous research on causal models of mental disorders.
Biochemical characterization and potential valorization of the invasive seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae
Authors: Córdoba-Granados Juan Jose , Jimenez-Hierro María Jesús , Zuasti Eugenia , Ochoa-Hueso Raúl , Puertas Belén , Zarraonaindia Iratxe , Hachero-Cruzado Ismael , Cantos-Villar Emma
Published: August 2024

The invasion of the brown seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae is altering the equilibrium and reducing the biodiversity of marine coastal ecosystems of southern Europe, with negative economic consequences for fishermen, tourism and governments that regularly remove tons of arrivals from the coast. However, the large amount of biomass produced also implies an opportunity for the valorization of these seaweeds, for example, in the form of biofertilizer and/or biostimulant for agricultural use. In this study, we characterized the biochemical composition of Rugulopteryx okamurae and aqueous extracts elaborated from them. Their annual compositional variation was studied by measuring the concentration of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, minerals, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity, together with metals and micro/macro elements, in samples collected in two consecutive years from southern Spain. The composition of the algae varied between years for macro/micronutrients, metals, proteins, polyphenols and lipids (mainly terpenes), while polysaccharides (fucoidan, laminarin and alginate) remained in similar concentration. The seaweed composition highlighted for the terpene concentration mainly in 2023. The aqueous extracts significantly increased fucoidan and laminarin content respect to the seaweed. In all, the biochemical characterization conducted suggests that Rugulopteryx okamurae is valuable as a biofertilizer due to its mineral content, while the extract composition (sulfur, polyphenolics, fucoidan, laminarin, and glycolipids) suggests its potential use as biostimulant. Thus, this study proposes Rugulopteryx okamurae as a valuable waste for agricultural proposals.
FOXA2 modulates the proliferation and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by suppressing proteasome activity
Authors: Xia Wenqiang , Li Ning , Li Xin , Li Hao , Gong Chunxia , Shi Bowen , Chen Hezhong
Published: August 2024

Background
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) represents a highly lethal malignancy. The FOXA2 was involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. The precise regulatory mechanisms of FOXA2 in ESCC progression remain unclear.
Materials and methods
Western blotting, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression level of FOXA2, CCK-8, transwell, and wound healing assays in vitro and xenograft tumor model in vivo were applied to assess the function of FOXA2. RNA-Seq analysis and the following functional assays were used to elucidate the relationship between FOXA2 and proteasome activity.
Results
The expression level of FOXA2 was downregulated in ECSS tissues and cells. Overexpression of FOXA2 in ESCC cells inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ESCC cells with the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of Vimentin. Meanwhile, overexpression of FOXA2 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells. Mechanically, proteasome was involved in the ESCC cells proliferation and invasion inhibition induced by FOXA2, and reduced proteasome activity inhibited ESCC cells proliferation and invasion.
Conclusion
FOXA2 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of ESCC cells by regulating proteasome activity. FOXA2 plays a critical role in ESCC progression and may act as a potential candidate target for ESCC treatment.
The Functional Map of Ultraconserved Regions in Humans, Mice and Rats
Authors: Nichio Bruno Thiago de Lima , Oliveira Liliane Santana , Rodrigues Ana Carolina , Mathias Carolina , Gradia Daniela Fiori , Urbanski Alysson Henrique , Passetti Fabio , Camargo Victória Larissa Schimidt , Cury Sarah Santiloni , Schnepper Amanda Piveta , Carvalho Robson Francisco , Calin George A. , Oliveira Jaqueline Carvalho , Paschoal Alexandre Rossi
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Ultraconserved regions (UCRs) encompass 481 DNA segments exceeding 200 base pairs (bp), displaying 100% sequence identity across humans, mice, and rats, indicating profound conservation across taxa and pivotal functional roles in human health and disease. Despite two decades since their discovery, many UCRs remain to be explored owing to incomplete annotation, particularly of newly identified long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and limited data aggregation in large-scale databases. This study offers a comprehensive functional map of 481 UCRs, investigating their genomic and transcriptomic implications: (i) enriching UCR annotation data, including ancestral genomes; (ii) exploring lncRNAs containing T-UCRs across pan-cancers; (iii) elucidating UCR involvement in regulatory elements; and (iv) analyzing population single-nucleotide variations linked to motifs, expression patterns, and diseases.
RESULTS: Our results indicate that, although a high number of protein-coding transcripts with UCRs (1,945 from 2,303), 1,775 contained UCRs outside CDS regions. Focusing on non-coding transcripts, 355 are mapped in 85 lncRNA genes, with 35 of them differentially expressed in at least one TCGA cancer type, seven lncRNAs strongly associated with survival time, and 23 differentially expressed according to single-cell cancer analysis. Additionally, we identified regulatory elements in 373 UCRs (77.5%), and found 353 SNP-UCRs (with at least 1% frequency) with potential regulatory effects, such as motif changes, eQTL potential, and associations with disease/traits. Finally, we identified 4 novel UCRs that had not been previously described.
CONCLUSION: This report compiles and organizes all the above information, providing new insights into the functional mechanisms of UCRs and their potential diagnostic applications.
Nano zinc supplementation compared with other zinc forms: effects on growth performance, serum concentrations, and economic evaluation in broiler chickens
Authors: Saber Hamada S. , Alian Heba A.
Published: August 2024

The current study's aim was to assess how different zinc sources affected the broilers' growth performance, economic evaluation, and serum concentrations. One-day-old "Cobb" broiler chicks (n = 192) with an average initial body weight of 44.10 g and were randomly distributed into 6 groups. The 1st, 2nd, and 3rd groups were supplied with inorganic zinc oxide, inorganic zinc sulphate monohydrate, and organic zinc methionine, respectively, at a level of 100 mg Zn/kg diet. While the 4th, 5th, and 6th groups were supplied with nano zinc oxide (NZnO) at a level of 20, 10, and 5 mg Zn/kg diet, respectively. The study exposed that NZnO at a level of 5 mg Zn/kg (G6) achieved a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in final body weight and cumulative body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and feed efficiency. Nano zinc oxide in G5 and G6 significantly achieved the best results in economic efficiency enhancement (P < 0.05). NZnO (G6) increased superoxide dismutase activity and HDL (high-density lipoprotein) levels either significantly (P < 0.05) compared to G1, G2, G3, and G4 or numerically with G5. The addition of NZnO lessens blood serum MDA (malondialdehyde), alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT, AST), and creatinine levels. The nano zinc oxide in G4, G5, and G6 achieved the best performance, enhanced antioxidant activity, and improved lipid profiling, liver, and kidney functions. The positive results were more noticeable in the G6. Therefore, applying NZnO (5 mg Zn/kg diet) is a new promising feed additive in the broiler industry.
Spatial analysis of propagation thresholds from meteorological to hydrological droughts in the São Francisco River catchment, Brazil
Authors: Magalhães Lucas , Raposo Vinicius , Costa Veber
Published: August 2024

Effective water management requires a deeper understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of droughts. In this sense, comprehending drought development, under the influence of climate conditions and catchment characteristics, can enhance the strategies for minoring its adverse impacts. Based on these arguments, this study resorts to a probabilistic approach for assessing the likelihood of occurrence of a hydrological drought at distinct levels (moderate, severe, and extreme) conditioned to the durations and severities of meteorological droughts. Critical thresholds were estimated for 50 sub-basins in the Alto São Francisco River Basin, Brazil. The duration thresholds, whose medians were 7.40, 9.60, and 11.40 months for moderate, severe, and extreme events, respectively, were not too different across the study region, for all levels, and no clear spatial patterns could be found for this statistic. The severity thresholds, on the other hand, were more structured in space, with medians 9.80, 13.10, and 15.65 for the referred levels, but much more disperse. Additionally, we analyzed the correlations among the propagation thresholds and mean annual precipitation, baseflow index, and land use characteristics of the sub-basins, but no significant relationships were identified. Our results highlighted the difficulties in describing the spatial variability of the propagation thresholds, due to the complex interactions of climate, storage, and human intervention. Despite these limitations, the proposed approach proved able to capture the joint variations of drought statistics and might be useful for water resources management, promoting better decision-making and the development of appropriate mitigation strategies.
The Economic Value of Industrial Plantation Forest Loss Due To Peat Fires in Mesuji Subdistrict, Ogan Komering Ilir, Sout Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Grace Tiara , Putra Prabu Kresna , Eugenie Azalea , - Agustan , Amaliyah Rizki , Avianti Evie , - Anisah , Priyadi Hari , Fernando Doni , Cahyaningtiyas Ilvi Fauziyah
Published: August 2024

South Sumatra has extensive peatlands, with a significant portion located in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. Mesuji Subdistrict, part of Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, hosts Industrial Plantation Forests (IPF) where Acacia (Acacia magnum) serves as the primary forestry product. Calculating the economic value or benefits of the IPF in Mesuji Subdistrict is crucial because it represents the main source of income for the region. Since 2015, peatlands in Ogan Komering Ilir have been prone to forest fires, leading to economic losses in various sectors. Despite government rehabilitation efforts, forest fires have continued to occur annually up to 2023. This study is a qualitative analysis utilizing regional secondary data to calculate the economic value of forest fire losses in Mesuji Subdistrict, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. Economic losses due to forest fires in Mesuji Subdistrict include the loss of benefits from industrial plantation forests such as honey production, amounting to Rp. 2,262,000; timber production, amounting to Rp. 42,023,059,000,000; water cycle regulation, amounting to Rp. 90,412,140,000; and hydrological cycle regulation, amounting to Rp. 81,171,417,000.
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Trihelix Gene Family in Melon
Authors: Siddique Md Nure Adil , Jone Md Jahid Hasan , Biswas Manosh Kumar , Hossain Mohammad Rashed
Published: August 2024

The trihelix transcription factor plays roles in regulating plant growth and development, and responses to various abiotic stresses. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the trihelix family genes in Cucumis melo was conducted, identifying a total of 28 genes in its genome. These genes were further categorized into five subfamilies: GT-1, GT-2, SH4, GTγ, and SIP1. The study encompassed a systematic analysis of gene structures, chromosomal distribution, tandem and segmental duplication events, conserved motifs, phylogenetic relationships, and cis-acting elements of these trihelix genes. The syntenic analysis highlighted strong collinearity between trihelix family genes in C. melo with Arabidopsis, followed by rice while showing limited collinearity with those in B. distachyon. The cis-element analysis found 73 different types of cis-acting elements that are involved in stress tolerance, hormone signaling, growth and development, and responses to light in plants. Publicly available expression data of trihelix family genes in different tissues and growth stages were analyzed. The higher expressions of the genes, CmTH07, CmTH08, CmTH10, and CmTH14 in different tissues indicate their potential roles in growth and development. Based on cis-acting elements, and phylogeny study the genes CmTH02, CmTH16, CmTH20, CmTH21, CMTH24, CmTH26, and CmTH27 indicate their possible roles in abiotic stress tolerance. These findings contribute to enhancing our overall comprehension of the melon trihelix family. Furthermore, the research offers potential candidate genes to facilitate genetic enhancements for sustaining stress resistance in melons.
Outcomes and Predictors of Mortality in Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: A Prospective Study in a Yemeni Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Al-Amry Ali Lotf , Obadiel Yasser Abdurabo , Moghalles Ghamdan Mohammed , Jowah Haitham Mohammed , AL-Mashramah Gehad
Published: August 2024

Background: Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a critical vascular emergency with high mortality, often due to delayed diagnosis and intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and identify predictors of mortality among patients with AMI at a tertiary hospital in Sana'a, Yemen.
Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study involving 31 patients diagnosed with AMI between August 2022 and February 2024 at Al Thawra Modern General Hospital. Data on demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, management strategies, and outcomes were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors associated with increased mortality.
Results: The median age of the patients was 55.3 years, with a male predominance (67.7%). Severe abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom (100%), followed by vomiting (77.4%) and nausea (64.5%). Arterial thrombosis was identified in 51.6% of the patients, and surgical intervention was performed in 80.6% of the patients. The overall mortality rate was 51.6%, with significant predictors of mortality, including delayed presentation (p < 0.01), heart failure (p = 0.02), and elevated white blood cell counts (p = 0.03).
Conclusions: AMI continues to have a high mortality rate, particularly in resource-limited settings such as Yemen. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are crucial for improving survival. Managing comorbidities such as heart failure and identifying high-risk patients early are essential to reduce mortality in AMI patients. Further studies are needed to explore strategies to improve early diagnosis and optimize treatment outcomes.
Holistic Approach to Safety and Operational Stability: Analyzing VVER-1200 Reactor Dynamics in SGTR and AC Power Loss
Authors: Rah Shaon Md Tariqur , Joarder Md. Sadman Anjum , Hashan Antor Mahamudul , Rah Sharon Md Mahabubur , Ali Redar Hameed
Published: August 2024

VVER-1200 (Water-Water Energetic Reactor) represents a significant advancement in nuclear power generation, emphasizing the continuous analysis and enhancement of safety systems for reliable operation. The proposed study focuses on simulating combined scenarios involving steam generator tube rupture (SGTR) and AC power loss using core algorithms and models within personal computer transient analyzer (PCTRAN). Reactor kinetic equations, thermal-hydraulic balance, and safety system models are discussed to elucidate their role in simulating SGTR and AC power loss. Safety criteria, boundaries and initial conditions are outlined to provide a comprehensive understanding of the simulation framework. The analysis delves into dynamic behavior of VVER-1200, placing emphasis on thermal-hydraulic implications, essential reactor parameters, and radiation monitoring to facilitate impact evaluation. Continuous monitoring and maintenance of safety systems are underscored to ensure stable core cooling, particularly during proposed transient conditions. Through meticulous analysis and comparison with established benchmarks, this study contributes to bolstering the safety and reliability of VVER-1200 reactors by identifying vulnerabilities, assessing mitigation strategies, and refining emergency response protocols. Practical implications of this study offer a crucial understanding of reactor behavior, safety system performance, and emergency response strategies, thereby improving safety, optimizing operational practices, and reducing risks in nuclear reactor accidents.
Does the 2D:4D Ratio Exhibit Sexual Dimorphism in Skeletal Malocclusions? A Retrospective Study
Authors: Çiçek Orhan
Published: August 2024

Objective: It is noteworthy that the 2D:4D ratio, also called as the ratio of the length of the second digit (2D) to the length of the fourth digit (4D), which has the ability to remain stable lifetime, is associated with various hormones and craniofacial skeletal development as a biomarker in early diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and sagittal skeletal malocclusions.
Materials and Method: A total of 117 patients (57 females, mean age 13.44±1.98; 60 males, mean age 13.56±2.14) with normal vertical angles were included, and the groups were divided into skeletal classes I, II and III according to the ANB angle. The skeletal class I group consisted of patients with ideal values for both SNA and SNB angles. The skeletal groups were further divided into female and male subgroups by gender. SNA, SNB, SN/GoGn and ANB angles and ANS-PNS and Go-Pog lengths were measured on pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs. Digit length measurements were performed with a digital caliper capable of measuring up to 0.01 mm. The 2D:4D ratio was calculated for each group by dividing the 2D length by the 4D length. Statistical analyzes were performed with independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA in normally distributed data, and Kruskal-Wallis and Man-Whitney U tests in non-normally distributed data. Statistical significance level was accepted as p < 0.05.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between right and left 2D:4D ratios and right and left digit lengths of the same hand in skeletal classes. While statistically significant sexual dimorphism was observed in digit lengths and 2D:4D ratios in skeletal class Is, it was observed that the significance decreased as the severity of malocclusion increased. No significant difference was found in terms of sexual dimorphism in skeletal class IIIs. There was no significantly difference between the skeletal groups in terms of 2D:4D ratio and length measurements.
Conclusions: Sexual dimorphism was seen in all parameters, especially in skeletal class I patients, and it was found that males had more 2D and 4D lengths and a lower 2D:4D ratio than females. It was also concluded that as the severity of malocclusion increased, the statistical significance of the parameters observed with sexual dimorphism decreased. The fact that sexual dimorphism is fully seen in skeletal class Is but not in skeletal class III has led to the use of the 2D:4D ratio as a diagnostic biomarker in the early diagnosis of sagittal skeletal malocclusions by gender.
Diş Hekimliğinde Fraktal Analiz Kullanımı: Derleme
Authors: Binici Abdulkadir Kemal , Özbay Çetiner Fitnat Deniz
Published: August 2024

‘Fraktal’ kelimesi Latince’de ‘kırık, parça’ anlamına gelen ‘fractus’ sözcüğünden türemiştir. Eğriler, birbiri ile ilişkisi bulunmayan dağınık noktalar, yüzeyler ve standart geometride benzeri bulunmayan amorf yapıları tanımlamak için kullanılmaktadır. Fraktal analiz (FA), görüntü boyunca desenler sergileyen karmaşık geometrik yapıların niceliksel olarak değerlendirilmesine yönelik bir yöntemdir. Bilgisayar algoritmasıyla hesaplanan fraktal boyut (FB), yapının karmaşıklığını tanımlar ve tek bir sayıyla temsil edilir. FB’nin hesaplanması amacıyla birçok yöntem kullanılmıştır. Mesafe ölçümüne bağlı FB hesabı yapılan yöntemler arasında Richardson metodu, kutu sayma metodu ve Flook tarafından geliştirilmiş olan dilatasyon metodu (piksel genişletme metodu) yer almaktadır. FB analizi için kullanılan en popüler yöntem kutu sayma yöntemidir. Genel olarak FB’un yüksek olması yapının daha karmaşık, FB’un düşük olması da yapının daha basit internal düzene sahip olduğu anlamına gelmektedir Fraktal analizden günümüzde pek çok alanda yararlanılmaktadır. Diş hekimliğinde birçok sistemik patolojinin ve periapikal lezyonların tanısının konulması, antiepileptik, kortizon gibi kullanılan ilaçların ve diabetes mellitus, talesemi majör, osteoporöz gibi çeşitli sistemik hastalıkların çene kemikleri üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi, oral malign ve premalign lezyonların iç yapısının incelenmesi, endodontik tedavi sonrasında kemikteki iyileşmenin takibi ve implantların osseointegrasyonunun değerlendirilmesi gibi pek çok amaçla FB hesaplaması yapılmaktadır. FA; non-invaziv olması, kolay uygulanabilirliği ve düşük maliyeti sebebiyle son yıllarda yaygın olarak kullanılmakta olup, etkin bir diagnostik araçtır.
Bu derlemenin amacı; FBA’nın diş hekimliğinde kullanım alanlarının güncel literatürler taranarak tek bir başlık altında toplanması ve bu konuda çalışma yapmak isteyen yazarlara genel bir bilgi vermesidir.
Kök Rezorpsiyonları: Literatür Derlemesi
Authors: Deniz Burcu , Tazegül-kocak Sibel
Published: August 2024

Giriş: Kök rezorpsiyonu, çok farklı tedavi seçeneği bulunan zorlu, karmaşık, fizyolojik ya da patolojik bir süreç olup odontoklastik reaksiyonların sonucu diş sert dokularında (sement, dentin) meydana gelen kayıptır. Etiyolojisi ve patogenezi tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır ve en önemli etiyolojik faktörler travma, pulpal enfeksiyon, diş beyazlatma ve ortodontik tedavidir. Kök rezorpsiyonları genellikle asemptomatiktir; bu nedenle radyografik muayenede tesadüfen ortaya çıkar. İleri aşamada dişte ağrı, diş renginde bozulma, mobilite gibi semptomlar görülebilir. Konumu ne olursa olsun rezorpsiyon geri döndürülemez. Zamanla hastada rahatsızlığa sebep olabilir, bazı durumlarda etkilenen dişin erken kaybıyla sonuçlanabilir. Bu gibi nedenlerden dolayı bu tip patolojilerin tedavi edilmesi gerekmektedir. Kök rezorpsiyonuna yol açan nedenler, risk faktörleri ve mekanizmaları hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak, rezorpsiyonun erken bir aşamada ortaya çıkarılmasını sağlarken ilerlemesinin engellenmesini de mümkün kılar. Böylece hekimlere rezorpsiyon açısından yüksek riskli hastaları izlemelerine ve erken teşhis koymalarına imkan tanır. Sınıflandırma yapılırken anatomik, fizyolojik ve patolojik etiyolojik yaklaşımlar dikkate alınmalıdır. Günümüzde farklı rezorpsiyon türleri için evrensel bir sınıflandırma yoktur. Bu eksiklik hem hekimler arasında kafa karışıklığına hem de dişlerde oluşan rezorptif süreçlerin yeterince anlaşılamamasına yol açarak hatalı teşhis ve tedavilere sebep olabilir. Bu derlemenin amacı kök rezorpsiyonlarına sebep olan etkenleri, risk faktörlerini ve güncel tedavi yaklaşımlarını mevcut literatür bilgisiyle gözden geçirmek ve hekimlere etiyolojisi, histopatolojisi, klinik görünümü, tedavisi ve yönetimine yönelik öneriler sunup güvenilir bilgi sağlamaktır.
Sonuç: Dişte meydana gelen rezorpsiyonun doğası ve konumuna bağlı olarak basit ve terminolojiye uygun olarak kök rezorpsiyonu sınıflaması yapılmıştır.
The prevalence and characteristics of supernumerary teeth in nonsyndromic dental patients of a Turkish subpopulation
Authors: Aslan Balcı Aslihan , Öztürk Hilal Peker , Avsever Hakan
Published: August 2024

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of supernumerary premolar teeth (SPs) in a Turkish sub-population of non-syndromic patients using digital panoramic radiography (DPR) based on gender and age. Characteristics such as number, shape, direction, position, status of eruption and degree of formation were also analysed. The study also aimed to evaluate the incidence of supernumerary premolar teeth and related complications in the community.
Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of DPRs from 11960 patients. Participants were aged 15 years and over. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics with SPSS software. The relationship between SP teeth and gender, maxillary-mandibular location, right-left location, unilateral-bilateral distribution, and type was evaluated separately using a one-way chi-squared test. A significance level of 0.05 was used.
Results: The age range of the participants was 15-97 years with a mean age of 38.84 years. Forty-nine SP teeth were found in 35 patients (%0.29). Of the 35 patients with SP teeth, 26 had only one, while the rest had several. 39 of the SP teeth were fully impacted, 6 partially erupted and 4 fully erupted. 43 were supplemental, 5 conical, and 1 tuberculate. No odontoma was found. No complications were observed in 83.7% (41) of the SP teeth.
Conclusions: The study showed that the incidence of supernumerary premolars in this population was 0.29%. Most SPs were impacted and showed no symptoms. Early diagnosis of SPs with digital panoramic radiography is crucial to prevent potential complications.
Pemodelan ARIMAX untuk Meramalkan Harga Minyak Mentah Dunia
Authors: Amri Ihsan Fathoni , Wulandari Ayu , Abidah Khansa Ni'mal , Irawan Alfian Chandra , Haris M. Al
Published: August 2024

Perdagangan secara umum dikelompokkan menjadi dua yaitu, ekspor dan impor. Salah satu contoh perdagangan tersebut adalah minyak mentah. Diketahui saat ini harga pasar minyak mentah dunia mempengaruhi tingkat perekonomian global. Harga minyak yang terus berubah, tentu saja menjadi sumber kekhawatiran dan perhatian tersendiri, terutama dalam industri minyak. Dalam penelitian ini, akan mengkaji harga minyak mentah menggunakan model ARIMAX (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with Exogenous Variables). Model ARIMAX dipilih karena mampu mengintegrasikan variabel eksternal, seperti volume nilai tukar rupiah dan produksi minyak, yang mempengaruhi harga minyak mentah. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan model prediktif yang akurat dengan mempertimbangkan pengaruh produksi minyak (Richard et al., 2021)dan nilai tukar rupiah terhadap harga minyak mentah dunia. Berdasarkan hasil analisis model ARIMAX (0,1,2) merupakan model terbaik dalam meramalkan harga minyak mentah dunia karena memiliki nilai AIC dan MAPE terkecil, yaitu AIC sebesar 408,49 dan MAPE 8,88. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut peramalan dengan model model ARIMAX (0,1,2) dapat dikategorikan sangat baik.Kata Kunci: ARIMAX, Perekonomian, Harga minyak mentah dunia, Nilai tukar rupiah, Produksi minyak.
Setreasure: Andoid-Based Learning Media on Sets Material
Authors: Ahmadah Intan Fathimah , Risqi Erlyanna Nur , Solehah Mar'atus
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the feasibility of developing the SETREASURE learning media that has been developed and to determine the students' responses to the SETREASURE learning media. SETREASURE is aimed at seventh grade students, especially on set material. This research was conducted using the Research and Development method with the ADDIE development procedure (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) using the Construct2 application and the web2apk. The data collection technique used a validation questionnaire in material validation sheets, media validation sheets, and student response questionnaires. The developed learning media application is equipped with material especially on in seventh grade. The feature of application, such as  explanations, videos, sample questions, practice questions, and game score results.The data analysis technique in the form of an assessment score was carried out quantitatively.  Based on the validation results of the learning media, SETREASURE is very feasible with a score of 83.33% on the material aspect and 81.67% on the media aspect with a note of slight improvement, as well as the results of the student response questionnaire were given a percentage of 83.21%. Students also gave a positive response to the SETREASURE learning media so that it can be stated that this learning media is very interesting for students.Keywords: Construct2, Learning Game, Mathematics Learning Media, Sets
Bleeding and histological structure of the rabbits spleen
Authors: Murzabekova Leila Mazhitovna , Gazizova Aigul Idrisovna
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to study and supplement the available data on the macro-microscopic structure and topography of the rabbit's spleen. In this study, anatomical and histological methods were used. The results of the rabbit spleen study complement and confirm the available data on the topography of the spleen. In the course of the study, it was established that the splenic branches form 4–5 segmental arteries, which further branch into the trabecular arteries. The group of pulpary arteries reaches a diameter of 0.2 mm, surrounded by lymphoid periarterial sheaths and splenic lymphoid nodules.
Physical preparation of courses as a key chain in preparation for military and professional activities
Authors: Koznienko Igor Vasilevich
Published: August 2024

The means and methods of physical culture applied at the higher military school for adaptation of students to the conditions of fulfillment of military-professional activity are shown in the article. It is noted that in terms of the military-professional activities graduates of higher military educational institution should have a high degree of development of physical qualities, which are the basis of psychological preparation of military personnel.
Global trends in product quality management
Authors: Khusainova Aigul Maratovna
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the key points in the global economy associated with the main trends in product quality management. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of modern trends, their role and importance in the management of product quality. The author of the article came to the following conclusions: at present, enterprises are implementing quality management systems based on GOST R ISO 9001–2015, the «Zero Defects» program is used by F. Crosby in America; one of the most important management properties influences, that reflects a lot of good looks and positions, is considered to use the leading provisions of the concept of TQM. The research materials were the articles of such authors as O.N. Kolomyts, A. Topilin, G.N. Zaitsev, A.G. Gudkova, V.V. Prokhorov, Ye.N. Klochko, A.A. Mustafaev, as well as M.Yu. Kabulo-va. and E.I. Rekhviashvili.
To the study of adaptation indicators of the traditional northern economy in the modern agricultural system: case of Olenek district (on the example of field studies in Yakutia)
Authors: Sannikova Iana Mikhailovna
Published: August 2024

The field materials collected in the farms of the Olenek National Evenk District show the use of indicators for the adaptation criteria of traditional agriculture in the modern agricultural system. Actual data on three indicators of the activities of workers and their farms were introduced into scientific circulation: the number of farms and the availability of land and natural resources; the development of farms based on a set of five key indicators of their economic activity; opinions of workers about their traditional lifestyle in the countryside.
Distance educational technologies as a means of increasing information and communication competence of teachers of DOO
Authors: Baranova Julia Leonidovna
Published: August 2024

In the context of the information explosion, the emergence of new trends in the life of the country, the teacher of DOO needs to constantly improve, update and deepen his knowledge, improve his skills and engage in self-education. In this case, he will be helped by remote educational technologies, which are a modern means of improving information and communication competence.
Clarice Lispector
Authors: Honorato Marques de Santana Maíra
Published: August 2024

Este artigo procura demonstrar a importância do conceito de campo literário cunhado por Pierre Bourdieu (1996) para compreender a reconfiguração da obra de Clarice Lispector ressaltando a relevância das suas atividades jornalísticas na adaptação de seu estilo marcado por um profundo hermetismo e a consequente consolidação de outro estilo literário, que culminou na construção da obra Laços de Família, que rendeu a Clarice Lispector notoriedade nacional. A escritora fez uma adaptação de sua narrativa caracterizada pela descrição da experiência limite que a linguagem imprime e os enredos que destacam cenários de violência psicológica e doméstica para uma linguagem condizente com as expectativas do campo literário no Brasil. Tem-se como foco o estudo da centralidade do conceito de campo literário para a trajetória da autora e as tensões encontradas por Clarice na época.
Effect of sowing methods on different varieties of rapeseed under rainfed condition
Authors: Bhandari Sagar , Prabhat Gautam , Regmi Tara
Published: August 2024

The most crucial variables affecting the yield of rapeseed are the sowing method and varieties, each of which is influenced by the production system, farmers’ knowledge, and the innovative use of technologies. The aim of this study is to determine how rapeseed production potential is affected by sowing technique and variety. Three varieties (Pragati, Unnati, and Chitwan-Local) and two planting techniques (Broadcasting and Line Sowing) were used in the field trial in Fulbari, Dang, during the winter of 2021, with four replications. The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block Design. Differences between the varieties, sowing techniques, and their interaction on eventual seed production were found to be statistically highly significant. The yield of rapeseed was highest when Chitwan Local was line sown (2.17 t.ha-1) and lowest when Pragati was broadcasted (1.56 t.ha-1). Statistically significant effect was found on mean values of seed yield when seed were line sown rather than broadcasted i.e. 1.85 t.ha-1 compared to 1.71 t.ha-1 respectively. Among the varieties the economical yield was found to be maximum in Chitwan Local (1.88 t.ha-1) followed by Unnati (1.81 t.ha-1) whereas lowest in Pragati (1.65 t.ha-1). Line sowing of Chitwan Local variety produces better outcomes under rainfed condition. For better rapeseed yield performance under a rainfed condition, this study will be helpful in the selection of varieties and sowing techniques.
Evaluación de los servicios ambientales del bosque urbano “Caja de Agua” (Lima, Perú) mediante i-Tree Eco y i-Tree Canopy
Authors: Huaman Rosa , Giacomotti José , Calixto Arlet
Published: August 2024

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el bosque urbano “Caja de Agua” de 3.06 ha, ubicado en el distrito de San Juan Lurigancho, en la provincia de Lima, Perú, utilizando los programas i-Tree Eco y i-Tree Canopy. Se realizó un censo forestal en el área de estudio en el cual se midieron todos los individuos arbóreos y arborescentes con un diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) mayor a 2.5 cm a 1.30 m del suelo. Se registraron un total de 765 individuos, agrupados en 43 especies, 40 géneros y 22 familias botánicas. Con i-Tree Eco se estimaron los servicios ambientales proporcionados por el arbolado de "Caja de Agua", los cuales fueron la eliminación de 256.9 kg/año de contaminantes del aire (CO, O3, SO2, NO2, PM2.5 y PM10), la captura anual de 16.44 toneladas métricas de carbono, el almacenamiento de 172 toneladas métricas de carbono y la producción de 43.83 toneladas métricas de oxígeno al año. Las especies forestales que otorgaron los mayores servicios ambientales fueron Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., Ligustrum lucidum W.T. Aiton, Fraxinus americana L. y Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.) Ravenna, influenciadas por su abundancia y área foliar. Utilizando el programa i-Tree Canopy se clasificaron cuatro tipos de cobertura en el bosque urbano "Caja de Agua" (arbórea/arbustiva, suelo desnudo, herbácea y construcciones) mediante la fotointerpretación de imágenes satelitales disponibles en Google Earth, determinando una disminución de su cobertura arbórea en los últimos 14 años. Los resultados indican que el bosque urbano “Caja de Agua” proporciona servicios ambientales para la ciudad, el cual debe ser conservado para el beneficio de la comunidad local.