bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some Reflections on âSharÄ«Ê¿ah Clausesâ of Islamic Finance Contracts
Authors: Rahman Shafiq ur , Tahir Muhammad , Shahid Muhammad
Published: January 2024

This study delves into resolving financial disputes on Shar'ah contract clauses involving parties from different jurisdictions. There is a lack of explicit references to Shar'ah law in the choice of law clauses in financial contracts. The study emphasizes the complexity of applying SharÄ«Ê¿ah principles due to different interpretations. The jurisdictions lacking Shar'ah law expertise on Islamic finance disputes may set unfavorable precedents. The recommendations include strengthening local jurisdictions in Shar'ah-based legal systems by training judges and arbitrators. Encouraging Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) to adopt Shar'ah compliance procedures, collaboratively developing unified IB&F Law, offering mechanisms of comprehensive training of legal practitioners, promoting confidence in local courts, creating a collaboration platform, and developing a comprehensive handbook for adjudicators, etc. are recommended measures to enhance Shar'ah-based dispute resolution and maintain credibility, stability & growth of Islamic finance sector.
Impact of augmented reality fiber tractography on the extent of resection and functional outcome of primary motor area tumors
Authors: Luzzi Sabino , Simoncelli Anna , Galzio Renato
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of augmented reality intraoperative fiber tractography (AR-iFT) on extent of resection (EOR), motor functional outcome, and survival of patients with primary motor area (M1) intra-axial malignant tumors.

METHODS

Data obtained from patients who underwent AR-iFT for M1 primary tumors were retrospectively analyzed and compared with those from a control group who underwent unaugmented reality intraoperative fiber tractography (unAR-iFT). A full asleep procedure with electrical stimulation mapping and fluorescein guidance was performed in both groups. The Neurological Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (NANO), Medical Research Council (MRC), and House-Brackmann grading systems were used for neurological, motor, and facial nerve assessment, respectively. Three-month postoperative NANO and MRC scores were used as outcome measures of the safety of the technique, whereas EOR and survival curves were related to its cytoreductive efficacy. In this study, p < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.

RESULTS

This study included 34 and 31 patients in the AR-iFT and unAR-iFT groups, respectively. The intraoperative seizure rate, 3-month postoperative NANO score, and 1-week and 1-month MRC scores were significantly (p < 0.05) different and in favor of the AR-iFT group. However, no difference was observed in the rate of complications. Glioma had incidence rates of 58.9% and 51.7% in the study and control groups, respectively, with no statistical difference. Metastasis had a slightly higher incidence rate in the control group, without statistical significance, and the gross-total resection and near-total resection rates and progression-free survival (PFS) rate were higher in the study group. Overall survival was not affected by the technique.

CONCLUSIONS

AR-iFT proved to be feasible, effective, and safe during surgery for M1 tumors and positively affected the EOR, intraoperative seizure rate, motor outcome, and PFS. Integration with electrical stimulation mapping is critical to achieve constant anatomo-functional intraoperative feedback. The accuracy of AR-iFT is intrinsically limited by diffusion tensor–based techniques, parallax error, and fiber tract crowding. Further studies are warranted to definitively validate the benefits of augmented reality navigation in this surgical scenario.
Improving mixed-reality neuronavigation with blue-green light: a comparative multimodal laboratory study
Authors: Marrone Salvatore , Scalia Gianluca , Strigari Lidia , Ranganathan Sruthi , Travali Mario , Maugeri Rosario , Costanzo Roberta , Brunasso Lara , Bonosi Lapo , Cicero Salvatore , Iacopino Domenico Gerardo , Salvati Maurizio , Umana Giuseppe Emanuele
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to rigorously assess the accuracy of mixed-reality neuronavigation (MRN) in comparison with magnetic neuronavigation (MN) through a comprehensive phantom-based experiment. It introduces a novel dimension by examining the influence of blue-green light (BGL) on MRN accuracy, a previously unexplored avenue in this domain.

METHODS

Twenty-nine phantoms, each meticulously marked with 5–6 fiducials, underwent CT scans as part of the navigation protocol. A 3D model was then superimposed onto a 3D-printed plaster skull using a semiautomatic registration process. The study meticulously evaluated the accuracy of both navigation techniques by pinpointing specific markers on the plaster surface. Precise measurements were then taken using digital calipers, with navigation conducted under three distinct lighting conditions: indirect white light (referred to as no light [NL]), direct white light (WL), and BGL. The research enlisted two operators with distinct levels of experience, one senior and one junior, to ensure a comprehensive analysis. The study was structured into two distinct experiments (experiment 1 [MN] and experiment 2 [MRN]) conducted by the two operators. Data analysis focused on calculating average and median values within subgroups, considering variables such as the type of lighting, precision, and recording time.

RESULTS

In experiment 1, no statistically significant differences emerged between the two operators. However, in experiment 2, notable disparities became apparent, with the senior operator recording longer times but achieving higher precision. Most significantly, BGL consistently demonstrated a capacity to enhance accuracy in MRN across both experiments.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated the substantial positive influence of BGL on MRN accuracy, providing profound implications for the design and implementation of mixed-reality systems. It also emphasized that integrating BGL into mixed-reality environments could profoundly improve user experience and performance. Further research is essential to validate these findings in real-world settings and explore the broader potential of BGL in a variety of mixed-reality applications.
Combined use of 3D printing and mixed reality technology for neurosurgical training: getting ready for brain surgery
Authors: Jeising Sebastian , Liu Shufang , Blaszczyk Timo , Rapp Marion , Beez Thomas , Cornelius Jan F. , Schwerter Michael , Sabel Michael
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

Learning surgical skills is an essential part of neurosurgical training. Ideally, these skills are acquired to a sufficient extent in an ex vivo setting. The authors previously described an in vitro brain tumor model, consisting of a cadaveric animal brain injected with fluorescent agar-agar, for acquiring a wide range of basic neuro-oncological skills. This model focused on haptic skills such as safe tissue ablation technique and the training of fluorescence-based resection. As important didactical technologies such as mixed reality and 3D printing become more readily available, the authors developed a readily available training model that integrates the haptic aspects into a mixed reality setup.

METHODS

The anatomical structures of a brain tumor patient were segmented from medical imaging data to create a digital twin of the case. Bony structures were 3D printed and combined with the in vitro brain tumor model. The segmented structures were visualized in mixed reality headsets, and the congruence of the printed and the virtual objects allowed them to be spatially superimposed. In this way, users of the system were able to train on the entire treatment process from surgery planning to instrument preparation and execution of the surgery.

RESULTS

Mixed reality visualization in the joint model facilitated model (patient) positioning as well as craniotomy and the extent of resection planning respecting case-dependent specifications. The advanced physical model allowed brain tumor surgery training including skin incision; craniotomy; dural opening; fluorescence-guided tumor resection; and dura, bone, and skin closure.

CONCLUSIONS

Combining mixed reality visualization with the corresponding 3D printed physical hands-on model allowed advanced training of sequential brain tumor resection skills. Three-dimensional printing technology facilitates the production of a precise, reproducible, and worldwide accessible brain tumor surgery model. The described model for brain tumor resection advanced regarding important aspects of skills training for neurosurgical residents (e.g., locating the lesion, head position planning, skull trepanation, dura opening, tissue ablation techniques, fluorescence-guided resection, and closure). Mixed reality enriches the model with important structures that are difficult to model (e.g., vessels and fiber tracts) and advanced interaction concepts (e.g., craniotomy simulations). Finally, this concept demonstrates a bridging technology toward intraoperative application of mixed reality.
Mixed reality for spine surgery: a step into the future with a human cadaveric accuracy study
Authors: Winkler Dirk , Kropla Fabian , Busse Michel , Jung Svenja , Scholz Sebastian , Güresir Erdem , Gericke Martin , Vychopen Martin , Wach Johannes , Grunert Ronny
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

Current application of mixed reality as a navigation aid in the field of spinal navigation points to the potential of this technology in spine surgery. Crucial factors for acceptance include intuitive workflow, system stability, reliability, and accuracy of the method. The authors therefore aimed to investigate the accuracy of the system in visualization of anatomical structures using mixed reality in the example of pedicles of the thoracic spine in a human cadaveric study. Potential difficulties and limitations are discussed.

METHODS

CT scans of a human cadaveric spinal column specimen were performed. After segmentation and import into the advanced HoloLens 2 software, the vertebrae were exposed. The vertebral arches were preserved on one side for a landmark-based surface registration, whereas pedicles were exposed on the other side in order to measure and evaluate deviation of the overlay holographs with regard to the exact anatomical structure. Accuracy was measured and statistically evaluated.

RESULTS

In this work it was demonstrated that the overlay of the virtual 3D model pedicles with the real anatomical structures with anatomical landmark registration was within an acceptable surgical accuracy with the mean value of 2.1 mm (maximum 3.8 mm, minimum 1.2 mm). The highest accuracy was registered at the medial and lateral pedicle wall, and the measurement results were best in the region of the middle thoracic spine.

CONCLUSIONS

The accuracy analysis for mixed reality (i.e., between the virtual and real anatomical situation of the thoracic spine) showed a very good agreement when focus was on the pedicles. This work is thus a rare proof of the precision of segmentation to the potential surgical area. The results encourage researchers to open up mixed reality technology in its development and application for spinal navigation.
Mixed reality compared to the traditional ex cathedra format for neuroanatomy learning: the value of a three-dimensional virtual environment to better understand the real world
Authors: Sandralegar Abiram , Bernard Florian , Khatchatourov Samuel , Janssen Insa , Schaller Karl , Bijlenga Philippe , Haemmerli Julien
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

Neuroanatomy comprehension is a keystone of understanding intracranial surgeries. Traditionally taught to students during ex cathedra courses, neuroanatomy is described as complex. Mixed reality (MxR) opens new perspectives in the learning process. This study aims to compare MxR-based courses with traditional ex cathedra lectures for neuroanatomy education.

METHODS

Two lectures describing the neuroanatomy of the anterior circulation arteries ("Vascular Lecture" [VS]) and important white matter fiber tracts ("White Fibers Lecture" [WF]) were designed and delivered in ex cathedra and MxR-based formats with the same audio content. Ninety-one medical students were randomly assigned to group A (ex cathedra WF/MxR VS) or group B (MxR WF/ex cathedra VS). The MxR content was delivered via MxR goggles. Prior to each lecture, students took a 10-item multiple choice question (MCQ) pretest. After the lectures, students took a 20-item MCQ posttest (75% neuroanatomy, 25% clinical correlation).

RESULTS

The pretest scores showed no statistical difference between groups. Median posttest scores increased by 14.3% after using the MxR-based format compared to the ex cathedra format (16.00 [13.0, 18.0] vs 14.0 [11.0, 17.0], respectively, p < 0.01). Regarding the VS, students scored 21.7% better using the MxR format compared to the ex cathedra format (14.0 [12.0, 16.0] vs 11.5 [10.0, 14.0], p < 0.001). Concerning the WF, the median score using MxR was 18.0 (17.0, 19.0), and the median score using the ex cathedra format was 17.0 (16.0, 18.0; p < 0.01). Students showed high motivation to learn neuroanatomy in the future using MxR (74%) rather than ex cathedra format (25%; p < 0.001). Mild discomfort using the MxR goggles was reported by 48.3% of participants. Most participants (95.5%) preferred the MxR-based teaching.

CONCLUSIONS

Students acquired a better knowledge of the anatomy of the anterior circulation arteries and white fiber tracts using MxR-based teaching as compared to the standard ex cathedra format. The perception of lecture quality and learning motivation was better using MxR-based teaching despite some mild discomfort. The development of MxR-based solutions is promising to improve neuroanatomy education.
Students’ perspectives regarding needs for and opportunities with mixed-reality education in neurosurgery at German medical schools
Authors: Wach Johannes , Winkler Dirk , Vychopen Martin , Kropla Fabian , Grunert Ronny , Güresir Erdem
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

Despite mixed reality being an emerging tool for tailored neurosurgical treatment and safety enhancement, the use of mixed reality in the education of German medical students is not established in the field of neurosurgery. The present study aimed to investigate medical students’ perspectives on the use of mixed reality in neurosurgical medical education.

METHODS

Between July 3, 2023, and August 31, 2023, an online survey was completed by German medical students through their affiliated student associations and educational institutions. The survey included 16 items related to mixed reality in neurosurgery, with participants providing ratings on a 4-point Likert scale to indicate their level of agreement with these statements.

RESULTS

A total of 150 students from 27 medical schools in Germany took part in the survey. A significant majority comprising 131 (87.3%) students expressed strong to intense interest in mixed-reality courses in neurosurgery, and 108 (72%) reported an interest in incorporating mixed reality into their curriculum. Furthermore, 94.7% agreed that mixed reality may enhance their understanding of operative neuroanatomy and 72.7% agreed with the idea that teaching via mixed-reality methods may increase the probability of the use of mixed reality in their future career. The majority (116/150 [77.3%]) reported that the preferred optimum timepoint for teaching with mixed reality might be within the first 3 years of medical school. In particular, more students in the first 2 years preferred to start mixed-reality courses in the first 2 years of medical school compared to students in their 3rd to 6th years of medical school (71.9% vs 41.5%, p = 0.003). Residents and attending specialists were believed to be appropriate teachers by 118 students (78.7%).

CONCLUSIONS

German medical students exhibited significant interest and willingness to engage in mixed reality in neurosurgery. Evidently, there is a high demand for medical schools to provide mixed-reality courses. Students seem to prefer the courses as early as possible in their medical school education in order to transfer preclinical neuroanatomical knowledge into operative neurosurgical anatomy by using this promising technique.
Creation of a microsurgical neuroanatomy laboratory and virtual operating room: a preliminary study
Authors: Erol Gökberk , Güngör Abuzer , Sevgi Umut Tan , Gülsuna Beste , Doğruel Yücel , Emmez Hakan , Türe Uğur
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

A comprehensive understanding of microsurgical neuroanatomy, familiarity with the operating room environment, patient positioning in relation to the surgery, and knowledge of surgical approaches is crucial in neurosurgical education. However, challenges such as limited patient exposure, heightened patient safety concerns, a decreased availability of surgical cases during training, and difficulties in accessing cadavers and laboratories have adversely impacted this education. Three-dimensional (3D) models and augmented reality (AR) applications can be utilized to depict the cortical and white matter anatomy of the brain, create virtual models of patient surgical positions, and simulate the operating room and neuroanatomy laboratory environment. Herein, the authors, who used a single application, aimed to demonstrate the creation of 3D models of anatomical cadaver dissections, surgical approaches, patient surgical positions, and operating room and laboratory designs as alternative educational materials for neurosurgical training.

METHODS

A 3D modeling application (Scaniverse) was employed to generate 3D models of cadaveric brain specimens and surgical approaches using photogrammetry. It was also used to create virtual representations of the operating room and laboratory environment, as well as the surgical positions of patients, by utilizing light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor technology for accurate spatial mapping. These virtual models were then presented in AR for educational purposes.

RESULTS

Virtual representations in three dimensions were created to depict cadaver specimens, surgical approaches, patient surgical positions, and the operating room and laboratory environment. These models offer the flexibility of rotation and movement in various planes for improved visualization and understanding. The operating room and laboratory environment were rendered in three dimensions to create a simulation that could be navigated using AR and mixed reality technology. Realistic cadaveric models with intricate details were showcased on internet-based platforms and AR platforms for enhanced visualization and learning.

CONCLUSIONS

The utilization of this cost-effective, straightforward, and readily available approach to generate 3D models has the potential to enhance neuroanatomical and neurosurgical education. These digital models can be easily stored and shared via the internet, making them accessible to neurosurgeons worldwide for educational purposes.
An evaluation of physical and augmented patient-specific intracranial aneurysm simulators on microsurgical clipping performance and skills: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Dodier Philippe , Civilla Lorenzo , Mallouhi Ammar , Haider Lukas , Cho Anna , Lederer Philip , Wang Wei-Te , Dorfer Christian , Hosmann Arthur , Rössler Karl , Königshofer Markus , Unger Ewald , Palumbo Maria-Chiara , Redaelli Alberto , Frischer Josa M. , Moscato Francesco
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

In the era of flow diversion, there is an increasing demand to train neurosurgeons outside the operating room in safely performing clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. This study introduces a clip training simulation platform for residents and aspiring cerebrovascular neurosurgeons, with the aim to visualize peri-aneurysm anatomy and train virtual clipping applications on the matching physical aneurysm cases.

METHODS

Novel, cost-efficient techniques allow the fabrication of realistic aneurysm phantom models and the additional integration of holographic augmented reality (AR) simulations. Specialists preselected suitable and unsuitable clips for each of the 5 patient-specific models, which were then used in a standardized protocol involving 9 resident participants. Participants underwent four sessions of clip applications on the models, receiving no interim training (control), a video review session (video), or a video review session and holographic clip simulation training (video + AR) between sessions 2 and 3. The study evaluated objective microsurgical skills, which included clip selection, number of clip applications, active simulation time, wrist tremor analysis during simulations, and occlusion efficacy. Aneurysm occlusions of the reference sessions were assessed by indocyanine green videoangiography, as well as conventional and photon-counting CT scans.

RESULTS

A total of 180 clipping procedures were performed without technical complications. The measurements of the active simulation times showed a 39% improvement for all participants. A median of 2 clip application attempts per case was required during the final session, with significant improvement observed in experienced residents (postgraduate year 5 or 6). Wrist tremor improved by 29% overall. The objectively assessed aneurysm occlusion rate (Raymond-Roy class 1) improved from 76% to 80% overall, even reaching 93% in the extensively trained cohort (video + AR) (p = 0.046).

CONCLUSIONS

The authors introduce a newly developed simulator training platform combining physical and holographic aneurysm clipping simulators. The development of exchangeable, aneurysm-comprising housings allows objective radio-anatomical evaluation through conventional and photon-counting CT scans. Measurable performance metrics serve to objectively document improvements in microsurgical skills and surgical confidence. Moreover, the different training levels enable a training program tailored to the cerebrovascular trainees’ levels of experience and needs.
Assessing views and attitudes toward the use of extended reality and its implications in neurosurgical education: a survey of neurosurgical trainees
Authors: Gupta Nithin , Barrington Nikki M. , Panico Nicholas , Brown Nolan J. , Singh Rohin , Rahmani Redi , D’Amico Randy S.
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

Extended reality (XR) systems, including augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality, have rapidly emerged as new technologies capable of changing the way neurosurgeons prepare for cases. Thus, the authors sought to evaluate the perspectives of neurosurgical trainees on the integration of these technologies into neurosurgical education.

METHODS

A 20-question cross-sectional survey was administered to neurosurgical residents and fellows to evaluate perceptions of the use of XR in neurosurgical training. Respondents evaluated each statement using a modified Likert scale (1–5).

RESULTS

One hundred sixteen responses were recorded, with 59.5% of participants completing more than 90% of the questions. Approximately 59% of participants reported having institutional access to XR technologies. The majority of XR users (72%) believed it was effective for simulating surgical situations, compared with only 41% for those who did not have access to XR. Most respondents (61%) agreed that XR could become a standard in neurosurgical education and a cost-effective training tool (60%). Creating patient-specific anatomical XR models was considered relatively easy by 56% of respondents. Those with XR access reported finding it easier to create intraoperative models (58%) than those without access. A significant percentage (79%) agreed on the need for technical skill training outside the operating room (OR), especially among those without XR access (82%). There was general agreement (60%) regarding the specific need for XR. XR was perceived as effectively simulating stress in the OR. Regarding clinical outcomes, 61% believed XR improved efficiency and safety and 48% agreed it enhanced resection margins. Major barriers to XR integration included lack of ample training hours and/or time to use XR amid daily clinical obligations (63%).

CONCLUSIONS

The data presented in this study indicate that there is broad agreement among neurosurgical trainees that XR holds potential as a training modality in neurosurgical education. Moreover, trainees who have access to XR technologies tend to hold more positive perceptions regarding the benefits of XR in their training. This finding suggests that the availability of XR resources can positively influence trainees’ attitudes and beliefs regarding the utility of these technologies in their education and training.
Exoscopic removal of the fourth ventricle choroid plexus papilloma with use of a midline suboccipital osteoplastic craniotomy
Authors: Sufianov Rinat A. , Gaysin Ilshat A. , Iakimov Iurii A. , Sufianov Albert A.
Published: January 2024

Choroid plexus papillomas are relatively rare vascular tumors. In this video, the authors present a pediatric patient who underwent exoscopic removal of the fourth ventricle choroid plexus papilloma with the use of a midline suboccipital osteoplastic craniotomy. The exoscope in the fourth ventricle lesion helps to improve visualization in all directions, with the surgeon being able to maintain a comfortable position throughout the procedure. In addition, the midline suboccipital osteoplastic craniotomy helps to reduce the potential risks of complications, in particular, CSF leak and craniovertebral junction instability.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2023.10.FOCVID23106
Exoscopic extradural anterior clinoidectomy
Authors: Auricchio Anna Maria , Calvanese Francesco , Lehecka Martin
Published: January 2024

Extradural anterior clinoidectomy is a resourceful technique to decompress the optic nerve as well as increase exposure of the parasellar region during extensive approaches. Despite requiring adjunctive epidural bone work, this technique allows safe optic nerve mobilization and early devascularization for anterior clinoidal meningioma resection. This 2D operative video describes right optic nerve decompression by extradural anterior clinoidectomy and subsequent resection of a right Al-Mefty type III clinoid meningioma under exoscope magnification. The patient was a 50-year-old woman with a 1-year history of right visual acuity impairment and papillary atrophy. The exoscope allows a 360° view around the anterior clinoid, improving maneuverability.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2023.10.FOCVID23118
Exoscopic supraorbital approach for a suprasellar craniopharyngioma
Authors: Patel Arpan A. , Júnior de Andrade Erion , Srivatsa Shaarada , Recinos Pablo F.
Published: January 2024

The authors present an operative video of a supraorbital craniotomy for resection of a suprasellar, supradiaphragmatic craniopharyngioma. The patient is a 62-year-old female who presented with 3 months of blurry vision secondary to a 2.5-cm suprasellar mass causing compression on the optic nerve. Supraorbital craniotomy was selected due to the supradiaphragmatic location of the tumor and the subsequent disadvantages, including CSF leakage, of other approaches such as the endoscopic endonasal approach. The operative video emphasizes optimizing operating room (OR) setup to improve surgeon ergonomics and comfort. The patient underwent an uncomplicated gross-total resection with subsequent discharge home the day after surgery.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2023.10.FOCVID23140
Use of a 3D exoscope in microvascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve root
Authors: Herta Johannes , Rössler Karl , Dorfer Christian
Published: January 2024

For microvascular decompression surgery, adequate visualization of the trigeminal nerve root is essential. Several visualization techniques with operating microscopes, endoscopes, a combination of both, and exoscopes have been described. In this video, the authors use a 4K 3D exoscope (ORBEYE) as it offers superb optical image quality with a high degree of magnification and illumination in the cerebellopontine angle. Other advantages are surgeon ergonomics, a very good depth of field for the entire operating team, and potentially evolving visualization technologies like narrow-band imaging—essential points for microvascular decompression surgery where the aim is to create the best possible visibility in a narrow corridor.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2023.10.FOCVID23149
Frontotemporal craniotomy with orbital osteotomy for superior hypophyseal artery aneurysm clipping
Authors: Arzumanov Grant , Jeong Seung W. , Gupta Bhavika , Dabecco Rocco , Sandoval Jose , Williamson Richard , Yu Alexander
Published: January 2024

Superior hypophyseal artery (SHA) aneurysms are rare paraclinoid aneurysms with a mortality rate as high as 3%–6%. Surgical clipping of these aneurysms is technically challenging due to the surrounding anatomy. The large size and complicated surrounding anatomy make endovascular coiling very difficult. Here we present the case of a ruptured right SHA aneurysm. The authors present technical nuances of the clipping using an exoscope rather than a traditional microscope.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2023.10.FOCVID23157
Exoscope-assisted resection of a recurrent left frontal pilocytic astrocytoma
Authors: Sreenivasan Sanjeev , Golub Danielle , Black Karen , Schulder Michael
Published: January 2024

An exoscope strengthens the armamentarium of a neurosurgeon by improving visualization and surgeon ergonomics, reducing surgeon discomfort, and improving coordination among the surgical team. A 23-year-old male patient developed focal seizures and weakness affecting his right arm that was attributable to a recurrent left frontal lesion. Despite two craniotomies at an 8-year interval, chemotherapy, and radiation, the tumor continued to progress. In this video, the authors demonstrate resection of a recurrent left frontal pilocytic astrocytoma with the assistance of an exoscope, neuronavigation, and neuromonitoring. The exoscope can enhance surgical resectability while smoothening the surgical workflow.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2023.10.FOCVID23158
Occipital-interhemispheric transtentorial pineal mass resection
Authors: Arzumanov Grant , Jeong Seung W. , Gupta Bhavika , Dabecco Rocco , Sandoval Jose , Shepard Matthew J. , Leonardo Jody , Yu Alexander
Published: January 2024

The occipital approach for pineal tumors was first described by James Poppen in 1966. Since then, it has been widely used for accessing deep-seated tumors as it offers a wider surgical view than the supracerebellar transtentorial approach. This video demonstrates the technical nuances of the occipital transtentorial approach and the exoscopic dissection of a pineal gland tumor in a 66-year-old male. Use of the exoscope over the microscope provides certain ergonomic advantages and improves surgical workflow, as demonstrated here.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2023.10.FOCVID23161
Tingkat Pelayanan Pada Ruas Jalan Raya Cibabat Kota Cimahi
Authors: Iscahyono Achmad Fauzan
Published: January 2024

Pusat perbelanjaan dan aktivitas-aktivitas komersial yang berada di perkotaan, khususnya di sepanjang ruas Jalan Raya Cibabat, lebih menarik karena memiliki banyak ragam pilihan untuk dikunjungi. Aktivitas perdagangan dan jasa yang ada pada kawasan komersial tersebut cukup bervariasi dan lokasi yang sangat strategis tersebut membuat sirkulasi tarikan pergerakan orang maupun barang terjadi secara terus-menerus, selama hampir satu hari penuh. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada tingkat pelayanan jalan di ruas Jalan Raya Cibabat. Maka dari itu, studi ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat pelayanan pada ruas Jalan Raya Cibabat, Kota Cimahi. Analisis yang dilakukan pada studi ini mengacu pada Pedoman Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia tahun 2014. Hasil analisis pada studi ini menunjukkan bahwa ruas Jalan Raya Cibabat memiliki tingkat pelayanan jalan dengan kategori B dan C. Pada ruas Jalan Raya Cibabat, tingkat pelayanan jalan dengan kategori “C” cenderung terjadi pada weekend siang, baik pada hari Sabtu maupun hari Minggu. Hal ini dikarenakan pada waktu tersebut merupakan kondisi di mana Pusat Perbelanjaan Yogya Plaza Cimahi dan kawasan komersial yang terdapat di sekitar jalan tersebut sedang beroperasi dan menimbulkan tarikan pergerakan yang cukup tinggi. Selain itu, banyaknya kegiatan di segmen jalan, seperti terjadi penumpukan kendaraan pada satu lajur jalan akibat antrian kendaraan yang memasuki area pusat perbelanjaan, banyaknya jumlah kendaraan yang melakukan on street parking, serta banyaknya angkot ngetem, menimbulkan hambatan samping dengan kategori “sedang”
Literature Review : Pengaruh Bahan Tambahan Sabut Kelapa Terhadap Kuat Tekan Dan Kadar Air Batako
Authors: Yolanda  , Septiandini Erna , Saefudin Arief
Published: January 2024

Perkembangan pembangunan infrastuktur di Indonesia yang semakin meningkat menjadikan bahan material yang diperlukan juga meningkat. Dari sekian banyaknya bahan material yang ada di Indonesia salah satunya adalah batako. Dari situlah beberapa penelitian terdahulu membuat inovasi untuk menggati bahan campuran dari bahan material tersebut dengan bahan limbah yang menumpuk sebagai bahan alternatif. Penulis membuat literature review artikel ini dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan tambahan untuk bahan campuran batako dari beberapa penelitian terdahulu. Pencarian database yang digunakan termasuk google schoolar ataupun website lain. Dengan mendapatkan 19 artikel dan yang digunakan 6 artikel yang sesuai melalui analisis dengan tujuan, metode, hasil dari setiap penelitian tersebut hinggal tahun terbit artikel tersebut karena artikel dibatasi dari tahun 2010-sekarang. Hasil dari literatur review ini yaitu penulis mengetahui  pengaruh dari hasil inovasi penelitian terdahulu apakah  sesuai dengan syarat SNI 03-0349-1989 batako mulai dari tingkat mutu, syarat fisis (kuat tekan) dan kadar air
Analisa Pengendalian Waktu Pekerjaan Arsitektur Pembangunan Lab Terbuka Dengan Metode Fast Track Pada Aplikasi Microsoft Project
Authors: Dewi Swaraswati Kemala , Lenggogeni  , Berliana Yasinta Rezi
Published: January 2024

Dalam menyelesaikan suatu proyek untuk mencapai tujuan dengan efektif dan efisien, diperlukan sistem manajemen yang baik. Untuk menerapkan sistem manajemen yang baik, diperlukan berbagai metode sesuai jenis bangunan yang diselesaikan. Pembuatan penjadwalan sangat diperlukan untuk mengontrol, menjalankan dan mengevaluasi setiap pekerjaan berdasarkan urutan dan waktu pekerjaan yang telah direncanakan sebelumnya. Penyimpangan terjadi jika proses pelaksanaan tidak sesuai dengan perencanaan awal. Hal tersebut harus segera diatasi agar kembali sesuai dengan perencanaan sehingga proyek tidak mengalami keterlambatan penyelesaian proyek. Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Labolatrium Terbuka pada Proyek Pertamina diterapkan Metode Fast Track pada pekerjaan arsitektur. Metode Fast Track adalah metode pengendalian proyek yang kreatif dan inovatif untuk mempercepat waktu penyelesaian proyek tanpa menambah biaya. Metode ini merupakan metode yang bertujuan untuk mempercepat suatu kegiatan konstruksi, sehingga waktu pelaksanaan yang mengalami keterlambatan kerja dapat kita atasi ssat pekerjaan proyek berlangsung
Implementasi Bim Dalam Perhitungan Quantity Take-Off Pekerjaan Struktur Dan Arsitektur Proyek RTCT Pertamina
Authors: Zahrah Kania , Lenggogeni  , Berliana Rezi
Published: January 2024

Quantity Take-off merupakan pekerjaan yang sangat krusial karena hasil perhitungannya akan berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan proyek konstruksi. Untuk itu, penerapan BIM dalam proyek konstruksi sangat penting karena memiliki keakuratan yang tinggi daripada perhitungan secara manual. Hal ini terjadi karena BIM dapat melakukan perhitungan yang lebih presisi dan mengurangi resiko human error dalam menghitung volume pekerjaan. Selain itu dengan BIM dapat meningkatkan efisiensi waktu karena dapat menghitung jumlah kebutuhan material melalui mode digital. Penelitian ini membahas perbandingan dalam menghitung Quantity Take-off menggunakan BIM pada software Autodesk Revit dan perhitungan manual menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan Autocad pada pekerjaan struktur dan arsitektur. Implementasi BIM 5D dimulai dari pembuatan model dari 2D menjadi 3D yang mencakup struktur maupun arsitektur bangunan. Data yang dimasukan dalam model 3D  diolah menjadi volume berdasarkan spesifikasi dan jenis bahan yang digunakan. Volume yang telah dikeluarkan selanjutnya digunakan dalam penyusunan Quantity Take-off. Hasil perhitungan menggunakan BIM dan perhitungan manual selanjutnya dibandingkan untuk mengetahui perbedaan volume pekerjaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan sebesar 0.0503% antara perhitungan BIM dan manual. Mengeluarkan volume melalui BIM juga terbilang cukup cepat dan mudah daripada manual sehingga dapat menghemat efisiensi waktu
Kajian Pengaruh Variasi Campuran Abu Sekam Padi Dan Bubuk Arang Kayu Terhadap Nilai CBR Pada Tanah
Authors: Misdalena Felly , Al Faritzie Hariman
Published: January 2024

Dalam membangun suatu konstruksi jalan maka yang harus perhatikan yaitu tanah dasarnya dikarenakan tanah dasar inilah yang mempengaruhi kuat tidaknya suatu konstruksi. Stabilisasi tanah adalah suatu upaya dalam memperbaiki sifat-sifat tanah yang kurang memiliki kekuatan dalam menahan beban di atasnya. Salah satu metode stabilitas tanah yang digunakan yaitu menambahan bahan yang mampu meningkatkan kekuatan tanah. Metode yang digunakan secara umum dalam penelitian adalah metode pengujian Laboratorium. Pada pengujian tersebut menggunakan material seperti abu sekam padi dan bubuk arang kayu sebagai bahan stabilisasi tanah. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian CBR laboratorium diperoleh bahwa sampel yang menggunakan abu sekam padi pada kadar 4% memiliki peningkatan nilai CBR tertinggi yaitu sebesar 6,23% terhadap tanah asli. Sedangkan sampel tanah yang menggunakan bubuk arang kayu pada kadar 10% juga mengalami peningkatan nilai CBR sebesar 2,12 %
The Implementation of Extracuricular Activities of Adolescents Scientific Paper Based on Character Education
Authors: Fetrimen Fetrimen , Yulianti Yuni
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the validity of the gap between madrasah policies and field facts in implementing extracurricular activities based on character education. Novelty by using the Discrepancy Evaluation Model (DEM) framework which is estimated to have the accuracy of assessing extracurricular activities of Adolescent Scientific Work based on character education as a basis for evaluating success. This research was conducted at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 5 Bogor. This data was obtained from research subjects such as madrasah heads, student affairs representatives, coaches, chairmen, and parents. Data were collected from the triangulation process by observation, interviews, and documentation studies and then analyzed the findings data in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 62 of 2014 concerning Extracurricular Activities and Guidelines for Extracurricular Activities in Primary and Secondary Education as the evaluation standards used. The results of the study have an impact on the need for improvement in extracurricular activity programs because there is a gap between Madrasah stakeholder policies and field facts, namely the lack of optimal management, management and guidance of KIR Coaches, as well as financing and infrastructure in supporting extracurricular activities
Effectiveness of Virtual Laboratory Utilization in Improving Students' Science Process Skills
Authors: Kadir Abdul
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of using a virtual laboratory. This research was carried out at SMAN 1 and MAN 1 Kolaka for 3 (three) months. The type of research is quantitative with an experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research population was students of class The instrument is a test of students' science process skills. Data analysis techniques were carried out descriptively and inferentially. The research results reported that there was an increase in student learning outcomes and a positive impact on the science process skills of students at SMAN 1 Kolaka and MAN 1 Kolaka after implementing a PhET-based virtual laboratory. Thus, the application of the Science-Physics learning model through a PhET-based virtual laboratory is effective in improving the science process skills of students at SMAN 1 Kolaka and MAN 1 Kolaka. This research gives the impression that laboratory use is not actually the only equipment used to carry out experiments. However, laboratories have developed so that students and teachers can carry out experiments through virtual laboratories at affordable costs.
Analysis of Social Media Literacy in Adolescents in Educational Theme Video Content
Authors: Parinduri Muhammad Abrar , Karomah Larasati Nur
Published: January 2024

This quantitative study aims to determine and describe social media literacy in adolescents in Langkat regency. The study sample consisted of 88 teenagers. Data collection techniques were collected using online questionnaires prepared using individual competence indicators such as media use, critical thinking, and communication. The results showed that there still needs to be more social media literacy in the essential aspect of thought, namely repeated examination of information circulating on social media by adolescents. The recommendation of the results of this study is the importance of providing education by related parties such as the school environment and families so that it can help adolescent social media literacy
The Use of Oral Presentation Techniques to Improve Communication Skills in Social Studies Learning
Authors: Suardika I Ketut , Arihi La Ode Safiun , Hadara Ali , Hasniah Hasniah , Ningsih Tri Zahra
Published: January 2024

Communication skills play a crucial role in IPS (Social Studies) education, but often they are not fully developed due to the lack of suitable teaching methods. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effectiveness of using oral presentations as a teaching strategy to enhance communication skills among junior high school students. The study utilized an experimental research design with a pretest-posttest control group. Sixty students were divided into two groups: the control group and the experimental group. The data were collected using an observation sheet to assess students' communication skills, and the data analysis employed the t-test. The findings demonstrated that the oral presentation technique had a significant impact on improving the communication skills of junior high school students in IPS learning. This was supported by a t-test value of 0.000 (below 0.05). Based on these results, the author concluded that employing oral presentations as a teaching strategy is effective in enhancing the communication skills of junior high school students in IPS education. These research findings carry important implications for educators, students, and stakeholders as they recognize and prioritize the development of communication skills in IPS learning.
An Example of an Activity Developed in Accordance with the 5E Learning Model for Teaching Solutions
Authors: AVİNÇ AKPINAR İclal , BAYRAKÇEKEN Samih
Published: January 2024

In today’s life, individuals are forced to be a constant learner to ensure their development. It is necessary to save the act of learning from rote learning, to gain the ability to think independently, and to raise individuals who learn by understanding. In this study, it is aimed to develop and present an active learning activity example prepared to be used at various levels of science teaching. In order for learners to achieve this goal, effective student-centered methods and techniques are needed. 5E model is one of them. In this study, activities related to the subject of solutions were developed, implemented, evaluated and necessary corrections were made in accordance with the 5E learning model. In this study, concept achievement test and semi-structured interview were used as data collection tools and both qualitative and quantitative data collection tools were used together to provide data diversity. In the analysis of quantitative results, t-test and MANOVA model were used, and in the analysis of qualitative data, the interviews with the students were transcribed. The results showed that the experimental groups were more successful than the control groups in terms of concept achievement in the subject of solutions after the application.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Çalışma Deneyimleri: Yarı Zamanlı Çalışma
Authors: ÖZMEN Kenan
Published: January 2024

Pek çok üniversite öğrencisi çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı eğitimlerine devam ederken yarı zamanlı olarak çalışmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite eğitimlerine devam ederken çalışma hayatına atılıp yarı zamanlı çalışan öğrencilerin çalışma nedenlerini, çalışma hayatında karşılaşmış oldukları sorunları, eğitim gördükleri bölüm ile çalıştıkları sektör arasındaki ilişkiyi, bölüm hakkındaki düşüncelerini, sosyal faaliyetlere katılma durumunu çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nitel yöntemlerden durum çalışması deseni tercih edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri 14 öğrenci ile araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilerek toplanmıştır. Katılımcılara demografik bilgilerini de içeren 14 soru yöneltilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin çözümlenmesinde MAXQDA 2020 bilgisayar programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre; öğrenciler maddi imkânsızlıklar ve sosyalleşmek için çalıştıkları, çalışma hayatında çeşitli sorunlarla karşılaştıkları, eğitim aldıkları bölüm ile çalıştıkları sektör arasında bir ilişkinin olmadığı, okulu bitirdiklerinde bölümleri ile alakalı iş bulabileceklerine inanmadıkları ve sosyal faaliyetlere katılamadıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ilgili literatür çerçevesinde tartışılarak öneriler sunulmuştur.
Analojik Akıl Yürütmenin Önemi ve Eğitimdeki Rolü
Authors: BAŞERER Dilek , BAŞERER BERBER Zeynep , DUMAN Ekrem Ziya
Published: January 2024

Analojik akıl yürütme veya analoji yoluyla argüman oluşturma, iki veya daha fazla şeyin bazı açılardan benzer olduğu sonucuna varılan belirli bir düşünme biçimidir. Analojik akıl yürütme; sınıflandırma, öğrenme, problem çözme ve yaratıcı düşünme ile ilgili olarak bilişsel gelişimin temel yapı taşını oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca insanın akıl yürütmesinin her zaman içeriksiz genel çıkarsama kurallarına göre çalışmadığı, daha ziyade belirli bilgi yapılarına bağlı olduğu ve içinde bulunduğu bağlamdan büyük ölçüde etkilendiği gerçeğiyle ilgilidir. Analojik akıl yürütme, yalnızca bilinen bir alandan bilgi aktararak yeni bir alanın etkili bir şekilde öğrenilmesine izin vermekle kalmayıp, aynı zamanda alanlar arasında ilkelerin fark edilmesi ve soyutlanmasına teşvik etmektedir. Eğitim ortamında analojik akıl yürütme, öğrencilerin karşılaştıkları bir problemi önceki örneklere dayanarak çözmesini, belirli bir dizi sorundan ayrıntıların çıkarılmasını, yapısal benzerliklerin karşılaştırılması ve çözülmesi ile daha önce farklı alanlar arasındaki ortak noktaların çıkarılmasını içermektedir. Dolayısıyla bu düşünme biçimini hem doğuştan gelen bir yetenek hem de geliştirilebilecek temel bir öğrenme mekanizması olarak ifade etmek mümkündür. Bütün bunlar göz önüne alındığında analojik akıl yürütmenin bireyler için oldukça önemli olduğu ve eğitimde rol aldığı görülmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışma ile analojik akıl yürütmenin önemi ve eğitimdeki rolünün vurgulanması amaçlanmıştır