bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Nedd4L ubiquitin ligase is activated by FCHO2-generated membrane curvature
Authors: Sakamoto Yasuhisa , Uezu Akiyoshi , Kikuchi Koji , Kang Jangmi , Fujii Eiko , Moroishi Toshiro , Suetsugu Shiro , Nakanishi Hiroyuki
Published: October 2024

The C2-WW-HECT domain ubiquitin ligase Nedd4L regulates membrane sorting during endocytosis through the ubiquitination of cargo molecules such as the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Nedd4L is catalytically autoinhibited by an intramolecular interaction between its C2 and HECT domains, but the protein’s activation mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we show that Nedd4L activation is linked to membrane shape by FCHO2, a Bin-Amphiphysin-Rsv (BAR) domain protein that regulates endocytosis. FCHO2 was required for the Nedd4L-mediated ubiquitination and endocytosis of ENaC, with Nedd4L co-localizing with FCHO2 at clathrin-coated pits. In cells, Nedd4L was specifically recruited to, and activated by, the FCHO2 BAR domain. Furthermore, we reconstituted FCHO2-induced recruitment and activation of Nedd4L in vitro. Both the recruitment and activation were mediated by membrane curvature rather than protein–protein interactions. The Nedd4L C2 domain recognized a specific degree of membrane curvature that was generated by the FCHO2 BAR domain, with this curvature directly activating Nedd4L by relieving its autoinhibition. Thus, we show for the first time a specific function (i.e., recruitment and activation of an enzyme regulating cargo sorting) of membrane curvature by a BAR domain protein.
Ehbp1 orchestrates orderly sorting of Wnt/Wingless to the basolateral and apical cell membranes
Authors: Gao Yuan , Feng Jing , Zhang Yansong , Yi Mengyuan , Zhang Lebing , Yan Yan , Zhu Alan Jian , Liu Min
Published: October 2024

Wingless (Wg)/Wnt signaling plays a critical role in both development and adult tissue homeostasis. In the Drosophila larval wing disc epithelium, the orderly delivery of Wg/Wnt to the apical and basal cell surfaces is essential for wing development. Here, we identified Ehbp1 as the switch that dictates the direction of Wg/Wnt polarized intracellular transport: the Adaptor Protein complex 1 (AP-1) delivers Wg/Wnt to the basolateral cell surface, and its sequestration by Ehbp1 redirects Wg/Wnt for apical delivery. Genetic analyses showed that Ehbp1 specifically regulates the polarized distribution of Wg/Wnt, a process that depends on the dedicated Wg/Wnt cargo receptor Wntless. Mechanistically, Ehbp1 competes with Wntless for AP-1 binding, thereby preventing the unregulated basolateral Wg/Wnt transport. Reducing Ehbp1 expression, or removing the coiled-coil motifs within its bMERB domain, leads to basolateral Wg/Wnt accumulation. Importantly, the regulation of polarized Wnt delivery by EHBP1 is conserved in vertebrates. The generality of this switch mechanism for regulating intracellular transport remains to be determined in future studies.
Strategies to engineer articular cartilage with biomimetic zonal features: a review
Authors: Semitela Angela , Marques Paula A. A. P. , Completo António
Published: October 2024

Current treatments cannot recapitulate the zonal stratification of native AC. Thus, advanced TE strategies have been explored to bestow zonal cues on engineered cartilage to improve its quality, the progress of which is the subject of this review.
Correction: A novel nano delivery system targeting different stages of osteoclasts
Authors: Zhang Bosong , Zhao Juzhi , Yan Hongji , Zhao Yufang , Tian Hui , Wang Cao , Wang Ruiqi , Jin Jiaming , Chen Yue , Yang Chaofan , LI Chunfeng , Jiao Yanwen , Zheng Kaipeng , Zhu Fuxing , Tian Weiming
Published: October 2024

Correction for ‘A novel nano delivery system targeting different stages of osteoclasts’ by Bosong Zhang et al., Biomater. Sci., 2022, 10, 1821–1830, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2BM00076H.
Electrode–electrolyte interactions dictate thermal stability of sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Sarkar Susmita , Karmakar Avijit , Vishnugopi Bairav S. , Jeevarajan Judith A. , Mukherjee Partha P.
Published: October 2024

This work investigates the thermal stability of sodium-ion cells cognizant of the underlying electrode–electrolyte interactions.
Simultaneous production of CO and H2O2 by paired electrolysis coupling CO2 reduction and water oxidation
Authors: Wu Jian-Hao , Guo Rong-Jie , Wang Jia-Wei , Niu Fu-Jun , Guo Lie-Jin , Ouyang Gangfeng
Published: October 2024

This work introduces a rare example of CO2R-to-CO coupled with 2e−WOR-to-H2O2, giving a total energy efficiency of 34%.
An amino and triazole-containing metal–organic framework: cellobiose sensing and its catalytic conversion under mild conditions
Authors: Huang Fangmin , Li Jiayi , Li Jiabiao , Yang Tingyu , Wu Pengyan , Chen Xinyu , Sun Junlei , Shi Yanhui , Wang Jian
Published: October 2024

An amino & triazole-containing MOF is the first example of a MOF-based sensor for highly selective sensing of cellobiose over other saccharides and can catalyze cellobiose to 5-HMF under mild conditions.
Differential electrophoretic mobility of synthetic DNA motifs and duplex DNA in various counter ions
Authors: Patel Akul , Punnoose Leah , Chandrasekaran Arun Richard
Published: October 2024

The type of counter ion (Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, and K+) and the concentration influence the electrophoretic behavior of synthetic multi-helical DNA motifs.
Organic fluorine mediated intermolecular interactions: insights from experimental and theoretical charge density analyses
Authors: Sakshi  , Gupta Yogita , Robertson Craig M. , Munshi Parthapratim , Roy Choudhury Angshuman
Published: October 2024

The attractive nature of type II C–F⋯F–C interaction has been established using experimental and theoretical modelling of electron densities using multipole modelling of high-resolution X-ray diffraction data and theoretical structure factors.
Rapid and tailorable silver nanoplate (SNP) synthesis for a promising SERS substrate in sulfathiazole detection
Authors: Nguyen Thu Anh , Phan Cam N. T. , Lo Tien Nu Hoang , Park In , Vo Khuong Quoc
Published: October 2024

Silver nanoplates (SNPs) are particularly appealing for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications due to their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the presence of “hot spots” near their tips and edges.
Unprecedented selectivity behavior in the direct dehydrogenation of n-butane to n-butenes with similar active Pt nanoparticle size: unveiling structural and electronic characteristics of supported monometallic catalysts
Authors: Ramos Montero Gustavo Enrique , Ballarini Adriana Daniela , Yañez María Julia , de Miguel Sergio Rubén , Bocanegra Sonia Alejandra , Zgolicz Patricia Daniela
Published: October 2024

In this work, supported Pt monometallic catalysts were prepared using oxide and carbon supports by conventional impregnation methods.
Theoretical design of active Ga2O3 monolayer-based catalysts for electrocatalytic HER
Authors: Wang Rongzhi , Zheng Jin-Cheng
Published: October 2024

Promising Sn, O vacancy, Ru atom decorated Ga2O3 monolayer electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction.
Ultraviolet photochemistry of the 2-buten-2-yl radical
Authors: Lucas Michael , Qin Yuan , Yang Lei , Sun Ge , Zhang Jingsong
Published: October 2024

UV photodissociation of the 2-buten-2-yl radical produces 2-butyne + H and 1,2-butadiene + H from hot radical unimolecular dissociation (major channel) and 1,2-butadiene + H from direct dissociation (minor channel).
Compressed Sr superconducting transition temperature up to 17.65 K
Authors: Tao Ya-Le , Liu Qi-Jun , Fan Dai-He , Liu Fu-Sheng , Liu Zheng-Tang
Published: October 2024

Different phase transition sequences of Sr under pressure influence its superconducting properties.
Controlling achiral and chiral conformations of benzyl alcohol by ortho-halogenation, collisional relaxation and dimerisation
Authors: Sennert Elisabeth , Suhm Martin A.
Published: October 2024

Depending on the carrier gas, ortho-chlorobenzyl alcohol in jet expansions is more or less chiral and hydrogen-bonded.
Tailoring intersystem crossing in phosphorus corroles through axial chalcogenation: a detailed theoretical study
Authors: Tedy Annette Mariya , Manna Arun K.
Published: October 2024

Remarkably high intersystem crossing rates are predicted in axially chalcogenated phosphorus corroles using polarization consistent time-dependent optimally-tuned range-separated hybrid coupled with the kinetic rate theory.
Correction: Diffusion equation for the longitudinal spectral diffusion: the case of the RIDME experiment
Authors: Kuzin Sergei , Jeschke Gunnar , Yulikov Maxim
Published: October 2024

Correction for ‘Diffusion equation for the longitudinal spectral diffusion: the case of the RIDME experiment’ by Sergei Kuzin et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 23517–23531, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CP03039J.
Close-packing effect of water clusters within metal–organic framework pores on proton conductivity: a dielectric relaxation phenomenon in loose space and colossal dielectric permittivity
Authors: Chen Bingtang , Xie Fengxia , Liang Xiaoqiang , Wan Chengan , Zhang Feng , Feng Lei , Lai Qianmeng , Wang Ziyan , Wen Chen
Published: October 2024

The proton conductivity of two metal–organic frameworks can be tuned via the close packing of water clusters within their pores, in which one of the MOFs shows a dielectric relaxation phenomenon and giant dielectric permittivity.
One ligand, two roles: novel pillar-layered metal–organic frameworks built with a 3D ligand and asymmetric inorganic nodes
Authors: Xue Chaozhuang , Zhang Yingying , Zhu Kai , Deng Suyun , Qu Konggang , Gong Shuwen , Yang Huajun
Published: October 2024

Binary pillar-layered MOF structures built with one ligand and asymmetric inorganic cluster nodes.
Binuclear methylphosphinidine complexes of cyclopentadienylruthenium carbonyls: effects of the higher ligand field strength of ruthenium derivatives relative to iron derivatives
Authors: Rudenco Oleg , Lupan Alexandru , Silaghi-Dumitrescu Radu , King R. Bruce
Published: October 2024

The structures and energetics of the binuclear methylphosphinidene complexes of cyclopentadienylruthenium carbonyls of the type [MePRu2(CO)nCp2] (n = 4, 3, 2, 1) have been investigated for comparison with their previously studied iron analogues.
Engineering ultrafast exciton dynamics to boost organic photovoltaic performance
Authors: Guo Yu , Han Guangchao , Guo Jing , Guo Haotian , Fu Yuang , Miao Xiaodan , Wang Zhen , Li Dongsheng , Li Shuixing , Xu Xiaomin , Lu Xinhui , Chen Hongzheng , Yi Yuanping , Chow Philip C. Y.
Published: October 2024

Y-type acceptors exhibiting faster migration (shorter τ) of local excitons (LEs) in disordered regions of aggregates to intermolecular charge-transfer (ICT) excitons in ordered regions can achieve higher efficiencies in organic solar cells.
Facet-dependent oxysulfidation of Cu2O nanomaterials: implications for improving the efficacy of nanopesticides
Authors: Du Tingting , Guan Wenyu , Zhang Zhanhua , Jiang Chuanjia , Alvarez Pedro J. J. , Chen Wei , Zhang Tong
Published: October 2024

Exposed facets dictate the oxysulfidation process of Cu2O nanomaterials by regulating adsorption affinities of oxygen and sulfide ions, and consequently, initial transformation products on Cu2O and subsequent dissolution of Cu2O.
On the VOC loss in NiO-based inverted metal halide perovskite solar cells
Authors: Mukherjee Kousumi , Kreugel Denise , Phung Nga , van Helvoirt Cristian , Zardetto Valerio , Creatore Mariadriana
Published: October 2024

This study assesses the effect of key NiO properties, especially resistivity and surface energy, on the device's performance.
Supralinear scaling behavior of ionic transport in membrane nanochannels regulated by outer-surface charges
Authors: Alvero-González Laidy M. , Aguilella-Arzo Marcel , Perini D. Aurora , Bergdoll Lucie A. , Queralt-Martín María , Alcaraz Antonio
Published: October 2024

Supralinear scaling is found when functional groups attached to the pore inner wall have opposite charges to those located in the nanochannel's outer surface.
Bi-enzyme assay coupled with silver nanoplate transformation for insecticide detection
Authors: Khampieng Thitikan , Kewcharoen Kaneenard , Parnklang Tewarak , Kladsomboon Sumana , Chailapakul Orawon , Apilux Amara
Published: October 2024

The bi-enzyme assay for insecticide detection based on AgNPl transformation.
Chemico-pharmaceutical investigations of an inclusion complex formed with valacyclovir and γ-cyclodextrin optimized by molecular docking for innovative applications as topical gel
Authors: Saha Baishali , Das Nibir , Paul Paramita , Barman Sanjoy , Mondal Modhusudan , Saha Subhadeep , Choudhury Subhankar , Roy Niloy , Ali Salim , Roy Mahendra Nath
Published: October 2024

The efficacy of valacyclovir can be much improved through the topical delivery of an ICVC-loaded gel for the treatment of herpes with minimum dose and less toxicity.
Hierarchical NiCo-LDH layered composite on PANI coated Ni foam for highly efficient supercapattery applications
Authors: Prajapati Megha , Ravi Kant Chhaya , Hussain Aasim , Jacob Mohan V.
Published: October 2024

Supercapatteries combine the high-power density characteristic of supercapacitors with the high energy density typically found in batteries, offering a promising solution for advanced energy storage applications.
An efficient material (Mn–Cu-AC/cellulose beads) for immobilizing laccase: excellent activity, high stability and effective pollutant removal rate
Authors: Zhang Yuying , Li Na , Chen Lianmei , Yu Fangrui , Sheng Xueru , Zhang Jian , Ping Qingwei , Li Hongbin
Published: October 2024

A novel immobilized laccase carrier was prepared using waste Mn–Cu-loaded activated carbon powder. Due to the existence of Mn–Cu dual ions, the immobilized laccase showed excellent application stability and performance in BPA removal.
ZnZrO2-adorned graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) on a laser-induced graphene electrode as an electrochemical sensor for the detection of ractopamine in meat samples
Authors: Ganapathi Raman R. , Muhammed Shameem M. , Kavitha P. , Sankar C. , Kalaivani S. R.
Published: October 2024

We fabricated an efficient ZnZrO2@g-C3N4 bimetallic MOFs by simple hydrothermal method and can be used for electrochemical detection of ractopamine.
Ba4FeCuS6: a new mixed metal sulfide with a pseudo-zero-dimensional structure containing rare CuS3 units
Authors: Rout Sambit S. S. , Panigrahi Gopabandhu , Yadav Sweta , Ramanujachary K. V. , Prakash Jai
Published: October 2024

A new mixed transition metal quaternary sulfide, Ba4FeCuS6, has been synthesized, and its physical properties have been investigated in detail. The sulfide sample shows an antiferromagnetic transition below 30 K.
TiO2−x/Ag/rGO composites as effective photocatalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Baqaei Ali , Sabbagh Alvani Ali Asghar , Sameie Hassan , Rosei Federico
Published: October 2024

The incorporation of Ti3+ and oxygen vacancies in the TiO2−x NRs/Ag/rGO composites reduces the bandgap of TiO2 and extends the visible light absorption range due to the SPR effect of Ag NPs and the reduced light reflection in the presence of rGO.
Effective self-assembly of 21- and 14-membered azamacrocycles via condition-controlled cyclotrimerization or cyclodimerization of different thiosemicarbazide-based precursors
Authors: Fesenko Anastasia A. , Grigoriev Mikhail S. , Shutalev Anatoly D.
Published: October 2024

A preparative synthesis of 21- and 14-membered azamacrocycles via acid-promoted cyclotrimerization or cyclodimerization of three readily available thiosemicarbazide-based precursors has been developed.
Rapid formation of antifouling coatings via cation–π interactions
Authors: Huang Zhicheng , Zhao Kaijie , Wei Shaoyin , Hao Yingxin , Yu Qina , Hao Jingcheng , Cui Jiwei , Zhang Peiyu
Published: October 2024

Antifouling coatings can be quickly prepared on various substrates through cation–π interactions between copolymers and MPNs. In addition, block copolymers exhibited superior antifouling capabilities compared to random copolymers.
Yolk–shell SiO@Co9S8 particles encapsulated in carbon fibres by electrostatic spinning for lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Xu Yan , Huang Ying , Du Xianping , Fan Wanqing , Yao Jiayong
Published: October 2024

A free-standing SiO@Co9S8 CF electrode with excellent rate capability and cycling performance was obtained by electrospinning, vulcanization, and carbonization processes as a high-performance anode for Li-ion batteries.
Synthesis of C-glycosides enabled by palladium-catalyzed glycosylation reactions
Authors: Tong Wenli , Wan Jie-Ping , Liu Jianchao
Published: October 2024

This review highlights the recent progress in palladium-catalyzed C-glycosylation reactions for the synthesis of C-glycosides.
Synergistic charge-transfer dynamics of novel pyridoquinazolindone-containing triphenylamine-based push–pull chromophores: from structural optimization to performance metrics in photovoltaic solar cells and static, dynamic, solvent-dependent nonlinear optical response applications
Authors: Nadeem Sehar , Anwar Abida , Khan Muhammad Usman , Hassan Abrar Ul , Alrashidi Khalid Abdullah
Published: October 2024

Modern technological breakthroughs depend on nonlinear optical (NLO) and photovoltaic (PV) materials, essential for creating advanced photonic devices and efficient solar cells.
Zinc oxide/tin oxide nanoflower-based asymmetric supercapacitors for enhanced energy storage devices
Authors: Molahalli Vandana , Soman Gowri , Bhat Vinay S. , Shetty Apoorva , Alodhayb Abdullah , Hegde Gurumurthy
Published: October 2024

Asymmetric supercapacitors for enhancing energy storage devices.
To treat wastewater with wastes: a highly efficient flocculant from fly ash and rice straw
Authors: Chen Shuichang , Li Shiqian , Wu Wanghua , Ye Haodong , Liu Haiqing , Ma Shibin , Chen Qinghua
Published: October 2024

The flocculant causes humic acid molecules in the wastewater to form a dense precipitate layer.
Al, P-co-doping and interface engineering synergistically boost the electrocatalytic performance of WS2/Ni3S2/NiS nanosheet heterostructure for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Al Shahrani Mghaib , Amer Mabrook S. , Alsaleh Ahmad A. , Arunachalam Prabhakarn , Al-Mayouf Abdullah M.
Published: October 2024

By one-pot hydrothermal reaction, Al/P codoped NiS/Ni3S2/WS2 heterostructures were synthesized over nickel foam for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Migration of total petroleum hydrocarbon and heavy metal contaminants in the soil–groundwater interface of a petrochemical site using machine learning: impacts of convection and diffusion
Authors: Wu Yingdong , Yu Jiang , Huang Zhi , Jiang Yinying , Zeng Zixin , Han Lei , Deng Siwei , Yu Jie
Published: October 2024

Convection and diffusion are key pathways for the migration of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and heavy metals (HMs) from soil to groundwater.
Construction of Cnts/calcined Zn-Co-LDHs hydrid to enhanced photocatalytic for ofloxacin decomposition: mechanism, degradation pathway, and toxicity assessment
Authors: Nam Nguyen Hoai , Hung Nguyen Quoc , Anh Nguyen Thi Hong , Thang Nguyen Quoc , Tho Nguyen Thi Mai
Published: October 2024

This work successfully synthesized the Cnts/calcined Zn-Co-LDHs (xCnts@ZnC) hybrid material using the Zn-Co-LDHs precursor.
Retraction: A novel concept and design for highly efficient photoelectrocatalytic materials with high performance, stability, and charge transport properties: development of an innovative next-generation green technology
Authors: Mugheri Abdul Qayoom , Ali Kashif , Sangah Ali Asghar , Khaskheli Mazhar Iqbal , Laghari Muhammad Younis , Mugheri Nadeem Ahmed , Soomro Muhammad Rajib , Chohan Muhammad Ishfaq , Mugheri Arsalan Ahmed , Kandhro Aftab
Published: October 2024

Retraction of “A novel concept and design for highly efficient photoelectrocatalytic materials with high performance, stability, and charge transport properties: development of an innovative next-generation green technology” by Abdul Qayoom Mugheri et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 1581–1592, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA05126A.
The effect of catalyst precursors on the mechanism of iron-catalysed graphitization of cellulose
Authors: Hayward Emily C. , Smales Glen J. , Pauw Brian R. , Takeguchi Masaki , Kulak Alexander , Hunter Robert D. , Schnepp Zoe
Published: October 2024

The choice of catalyst is critical in determining the textural properties during graphitization of biomass.
Towards an advanced electrochemical horizon: ion selectivity and energy harnessing through hybrid capacitive deionization with carbon-coated NaTi2(PO4)3 and N-rich carbon nests
Authors: Sharifpour Hanieh , Hekmat Farzaneh , Shahrokhian Saeed , Pan Likun
Published: October 2024

Dual potent functionality of selective water softening and charge storage from resource recovery with fabricated NTP-C//NCN IEM-HCDI device.
A nanobelt structure as a photocatalyst assembled from molecular cobalt complexes boosts hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zhou Shuangshuang , Liu Qiqun , Li Xiaowei , Wang Ning , Li Cheng-Bo
Published: October 2024

Highly ordered supramolecular nanobelt structures self-assembled via π–π interactions boost photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Nanoassemblies with Gd-chelating lipids (GMO@DTPA-BSA-Gd) as a potential new type of high molecular weight contrast agents
Authors: Dydak Karolina , Zalewski Tomasz , Kempka Marek , Florczak Patryk , Nowaczyk Grzegorz , Przysiecka Łucja , Jagielski Jakub , Loppinet Benoit , Banaszak Michał , Flak Dorota
Published: October 2024

Self-assembled lipid nanoparticles containing Gd-chelating lipids are a new type of positive magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents.
Dual-anchored configuration involving Pb(NO3)2 for effective and stable FAPbI3 quantum dot solar cells
Authors: Que Meidan , He Shenghui , Gao Lili , Zhang Boyue , Wang Yabo , Chen Jin , Li Bo , Huang Wei , Zhong Peng
Published: October 2024

A novel surface passivation method using lead salts forms a stable O–C···O–N structure between NO−3 and FA⁺ ions, enhancing environmental stability and achieving 12.11% photoelectric conversion efficiency in FAPbI3 quantum dot solar cells.
Thienoimidazole-pyridine based small molecule hole transport materials for dopant-free, efficient inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Akula Suri Babu , Tingare Yogesh S. , Su Chaochin , Hsu Chen-Yun , Lin Hong-Jia , Lin Chien-Hsiang , Lin Mu-Yi , Lin Ja-Hon , Wu Zhi-Ting , Wu Chong-Wei , Guo Chi-Ruei , Li Wen-Ren
Published: October 2024

A new hole-transporting material based on heterocyclic thienoimidazole-pyridine is synthesized for perovskite solar cells with an 18.77% efficiency.
Voltage-clamp fluorometry for advancing mechanistic understanding of ion channel mechanisms with a focus on acid-sensing ion channels
Authors: Centonze Eleonora , Kellenberger Stephan
Published: October 2024

Voltage-clamp fluorometry (VCF) has revolutionized the study of ion channels by combining electrophysiology with fluorescence spectroscopy. VCF allows ion channel researchers to link dynamic structural changes, measured in real time, to function. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are Na+-permeable non-voltage-gated ion channels of the central and peripheral nervous system. They function as pH sensors, triggering neuronal excitation when pH decreases. Animal studies have shown the importance of ASICs for pain and fear sensation, learning, and neurodegeneration following ischaemic stroke. This review explores the technical bases and various developments of VCF, including fluorescence resonance energy transfer and the use of unnatural fluorescent amino acids. We provide an overview of VCF applications with a focus on ASICs, detailing how VCF has unveiled proton-induced conformational changes in key regions such as the acid pocket, wrist, and pore, crucial for understanding transitions between closed, open, and desensitized states.
Vestibular and Balance Considerations in Type 2 Diabetes: A Tutorial on Pertinent Areas and Issues
Authors: Enayati Zakaria , Cacace Anthony T.
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this study is to describe the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on vestibular and balance system functions in humans. Because Type 2 diabetes (T2D) represents the majority of individuals affected by this condition, this subgroup is the main focus of this tutorial.

Method:

Evidence of dysfunction is based on epidemiological, anatomical, physiological, neuroimaging, and clinical findings. Preventative measures, therapeutic interventions, and other mitigating factors are also given consideration.

Results:

Experimental and clinical findings support the notion that T2D damages vestibular and balance systems to the extent that these effects are more prevalent in patients with higher blood glucose levels and longer duration of the disease. Evidence indicates that T2D increases the occurrence and re-occurrence rates of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, particularly when it occurs in conjunction with hypertension, osteoarthritis, and otologic disorders like Ménière's disease. Type 2 diabetes also impairs vestibular compensation, which is exacerbated by disease duration. Investigational and clinical studies suggest that galvanic stimulation of the vestibular system can be effective in reducing blood glucose levels and improving rehabilitation outcomes.

Conclusion:

Because DM is a chronic metabolic condition affecting cochlear, vestibular, and balance system functions, lowering blood glucose levels through diet, pharmacological interventions, and exercise can be effective in mitigating dysfunction.
Twice‐input variable‐resolution single‐side switching scheme without reset energy for SAR ADC
Authors: Tang Bin , Hu Yunfeng , Huang QingMing , Hu Lexing , Chen Chaoyi , Li Bin , Wu Zhaohui
Published: October 2024

A twice‐input variable‐resolution single‐side switching scheme without reset energy is proposed for successive approximation register (SAR) analogue‐to‐digital converters (ADCs). The proposed switching scheme is based on semi‐resting DAC technology to design a four‐array architecture capable of handling twice the swing of the signal input while reducing the capacitor array size. The technique of top‐plate sampling and monotonic shift is utilized so that no switching energy is generated for the first three comparisons. The proposed scheme utilizes full‐capacitor split, bridged switch, and C‐2C dummy capacitor technology, which reduces average switching energy consumption by 99.8% compared to conventional schemes and enables ADC variable resolution function, making the SAR ADC more suitable for IoT applications.
LADRC‐based non‐characteristic harmonic suppression strategy for pumped storage power plants
Authors: Lan Zheng , Peng Xi , Liu Jie , Jiang Fei , Li Zhonglong
Published: October 2024

The static frequency converter (SFC) in a pumped storage power plant often causes harmonic problems in the dragging processes, which may lead to the false operation of automatic devices in the power station, and even damage to the power equipment. These harmonics caused by SFC contain both characteristic and non‐characteristic degrees, and the components are more complex. Hence, the existing harmonic suppression methods using active power filter or passive power filter compensation all have some problems. The SFC starting control strategy based on linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) is proposed here to reduce the non‐characteristic harmonics. First, the factors affecting the non‐characteristic harmonic content are analysed, and a mathematical model of the conventional SFC starting transfer function is established. On this basis, the LADRC controller is used as the speed loop of SFC starting to replace the proportional integral (PI) controller. The stability is judged by drawing the Bode plot and the zero‐pole plot. Finally, a Matlab/Simulink simulation model of LADRC‐based SFC starting is established in a pumped storage power plant with actual parameters, and simulation accurate measurements verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy for non‐characteristic harmonic current suppression.
Anomaly detection and confidence interval‐based replacement in decay state coefficient of ship power system
Authors: Chang Xingshan , Yan Xinping , Qiu Bohua , Wei Muheng , Liu Jie , Zhu Hanhua
Published: October 2024

The anomaly detection and predictive replacement of the degradation decay state coefficient (Desc) of ship power system (SPS) are crucial for ensuring their operational safety and maintenance efficiency. This study introduces the YC3Model, a model based on a dynamic triple sliding window mechanism, and Gaussian process regression) to address this challenge. It combines the temporal variation characteristics of the decay state coefficient's original data, first‐order, and second‐order differential data in both normal and abnormal trend intervals. The model calculates three local statistical measures within each sliding window and employs the Z‐score method for anomaly detection. The combination of three sliding windows reduces false positives and negatives, enhancing the precision of anomaly detection. For detected anomalies, Gaussian process regression is used for prediction and replacement, providing confidence intervals to increase the reliability of the predicted values. Experimental results demonstrate that the YC3Model exhibits superior anomaly detection accuracy and adaptability in the degradation process of SPS, surpassing traditional methods across a range of evaluation metrics. This confirms the potential of YC3Model in health monitoring and predictive maintenance of SPS, offering reliable data input for the intelligent operation and maintenance (IO&M) of SPS.
Optimization of reversible solid oxide cell system capacity combined with an offshore wind farm for hydrogen production and energy storage using the PyPSA power system modelling tool
Authors: Guichard Jessica , Rawlinson‐Smith Robert , Greaves Deborah
Published: October 2024

Eight scenarios where high efficiency reversible solid oxide cells (rSOC) are combined with an offshore wind farm are identified. Thanks to the PyPSA power system modelling tool combined with a sensitivity study, optimized rSOC system capacities, hydrogen storage capacities, and subsea cable connection capacities are investigated under various combinations of rSOC system capital cost, prices paid for hydrogen, and electricity prices, which give indications on the most profitable scenario for offshore hydrogen production from a 600 MW wind farm situated 60 km from shore. Low electricity prices (yearly average 45 £/MWh) combined with mild fluctuations (standard deviation 6 or 13 £/MWh) call for dedicated hydrogen production when the hydrogen price exceeds 4 £/kg. High electricity prices (yearly average 118 or 204 £/MWh), combined with extreme fluctuations (standard deviation between 73 and 110 £/MWh), make a reversible system economically profitable. The amount of hydrogen which is recommended to be reconverted into electricity depends on the price paid for hydrogen. Comparison of the optimized cases to the default case of a wind farm without hydrogen production improved profit by at least 3% and up to 908%. Comparison to the default case of dedicated hydrogen production, showed that in the case of low hydrogen prices, an unprofitable scenario can be made profitable, and improvement of profit in the case of a profitable default case starts at 4% and reaches numbers as high as 324%.
A new modelling method for satellite solar panel and its correlation verification
Authors: Wang Shuo , Yu Zhenliang , Guangming Liu , Mengxuan Wu
Published: October 2024

In satellite design and manufacturing, due to the influence of material properties, sandwich structure and equivalent algorithm, there is usually a significant deviation between the theoretical model and the actual physical prototype. To solve the issue, a new finite element model of satellite sailboard based on sandwich theory is constructed. The key parameters of the model are iteratively optimized by Lagrange optimization algorithm to improve its accuracy and reliability. The Lansos method is used to simulate the satellite sailboard model, and the comparison is made with the actual test model. The results show that the error of the modified model in the first six orders of frequency is less than 5%, which meets the modal correlation standard, and the modal assurance criterion (MAC) value is higher than 0.85. Compared with the uncorrected model, the first six frequency errors are reduced by 0.1%, 0.9%, 0.7%, 2.0%, 1.1% and 5.5%, respectively. At the same time, the MAC value of each mode increased by 1.9%, 3.2%, 1.2%, 2.6%, 13.1% and 27.1%, respectively. These findings show that the revised sailboard model is closer to the test model in terms of frequency and modal characteristics, while providing a higher level of accuracy and reliability.
Venusian ion escape under extreme conditions: A dynamic pressure and temperature simulation study
Authors: Katrougkalou M. C. , Persson M. , Aizawa S. , André N. , Modolo R. , Jariel E. , Kullen A. , Karlsson T.
Published: October 2024

Context. We investigated the response of the Venusian atmospheric ion escape under the effect of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) using the Latmos Hybrid Simulation (LatHyS).

Aims. In particular, we focused on the influence of extreme ICME dynamic pressures and temperatures, with the temperature being a parameter that has not been extensively studied in the past.

Methods. Simulations were performed for two different dynamic pressures and three different temperatures. For the case of the dynamic pressure simulations, a density and a velocity enhancement event were studied separately. The H+ and O+ ion escape was then examined and compared for different escape channels.

Results. In both dynamic pressure enhancement cases, we find that there is no clear dependence of the O+ ion escape on the dynamic pressure, which is consistent with observations. On the other hand, the temperature of the incoming solar wind positively influences the H+ and O+ ion escape. This is attributed in part to the enhanced gyroradius of the particles, which allows them to penetrate deeper into the planet’s atmosphere.
The influence of the shape of the end faces on the efficiency of a cycloidal rotor
Authors: Dekterev Dmitrii , Dekterev Aleksandr , Dekterev Artem , Neobyavlyayushchiy Pavel
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical study of the aerodynamic and thrust-energy parameters of a cycloidal rotor depending on the geometric features of the end faces. It has been shown experimentally and by numerical methods that the use of end disks with sharp edges leads to the formation of a separated flow and a decrease in the effective surface area of the wing. Various design options for end fairings are considered. The expediency of using inward-rounded fairings forming a uniform input flow to the entire plane of the rotor blades is shown. The use of fairings leads to an increase in aerodynamic efficiency of up to 8%. Changing the rotor design by placing blade control mechanisms inside a profiled end faces leads to an increase in efficiency of more than 12%.
Features of the dynamics of several elevated jets in a cross-flow
Authors: Dobroselsky Konstantin
Published: October 2024

Using the thermoanemometric method, the effect of turbulent cross-flow on vertical low-speed elevated axisymmetric jets with a relative velocity of approximately 2.45 has been experimentally investigated. Processing and qualitative analysis of experimental data on velocity profiles for the case of two and four identical isothermal turbulent jets propagating in a uniform cross-flow are carried out. The analysis of velocity contours in different cross-sections showed that the interaction of the jets proceeds in a complex way; and in this interaction, in addition to the jets and the cross flow, the trace under the jets and tubes – the sources of the jets – are involved. It is obtained that the trajectory of a twin parallel jet shows less penetration than that of a single jet. At the same time, the trajectory of the tandem jet after the merging of the rows shows significant penetration into the transverse flow compared to the single one.
Plasma-thermal remelting of ash and slag waste from waste incineration plants
Authors: Domarov Pavel , Rechikalov Aleksandr
Published: October 2024

This work is devoted to the study of the process of processing ash residues from a waste incineration plant (WIP) using a computational and experimental approach. The purpose of this work is to prevent environmental pollution by melting WIP ash and slag and obtaining a useful product with neutral properties. To achieve this goal, a combined method of heating ash and slag was proposed.
Convective mixing of small volumes of fluids under local heating
Authors: Zaitsev Alexandr , Egorov Roman , Kiziridi Valeria , Belonogov Maxim
Published: October 2024

The convection under local heating can serve as an effective physical mechanism for mixing small volumes of liquids. We have experimentally demonstrated the mixing of similar liquids using this method. The evolution of the uniformity of the mixture over time was analyzed using a statistical approach. It was found that a small volume of an additive (a few percent of the host layer) can be homogenized in 6-7 minutes.
Experimental Study of the Influence of Water Mass on the Process of Hydrate Formation by the Method of Explosive Boiling Using Freon 32
Authors: Meleshkin Anton
Published: October 2024

The paper presents a study of the effect of the ratio of water and hydrate-forming gas on the process of hydrate formation by explosive boiling of liquefied hydrate-forming gas in a volume of water. Freon 32 is used as a hydrate-forming gas, which has a high specific heat of vaporization, a lower density compared to water, and also forms a hydrate structure with sI. The studied gas looks particularly promising for gas hydrate cold accumulation technologies, as well as for modelling the processes of methane or carbon dioxide hydrate formation.
Electrical conductivity of nanofluids based on water and Cu-C nanoparticles synthesized by the electric arc method
Authors: Morozova Marina A. , Zaikovsky Alexey V.
Published: October 2024

In this work, electric arc synthesis was carried out by sputtering a graphite electrode with copper powder in a helium environment at a pressure of 12 Torr, resulting in the production of copper nanoparticles coated with carbon, with an average size of 6 nm. The synthesized material was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray phase analysis. The effect of nanoparticle concentration on the electrical conductivity of water-based nanofluids was studied. It was found that when nanoparticles are added to water, the electrical conductivity of nanofluids increases, however at concentrations above 0.01 wt%, the electrical conductivity begins to decrease.
Alternative energy-saving technologies based on low-boiling working fluids
Authors: Ogurechnikov Lev
Published: October 2024

World economic development is accompanied by an increase in the consumption of energy resources, whose potential reserves are limited. Assessments given in show that every 25 years, energy consumption in the world doubles and environmental problems increase as well. In industrial processes, a large amount of spent energy is often lost as waste heat, which is generated as a by-product and released into the atmosphere. The Global Energy Review notes that energy consumption in the form of heat released into the environment in both the USA and EU-27 is approximately 60% of all clean primary energy consumed. Currently, to reduce the global demand for primary energy, the use of energy-saving technologies is fast-growing in many countries of the world instead of direct combustion of coal, oil and gas involving low-grade coolants and environmental heat. This paper discusses low-temperature energy-saving technologies in heat and power supply systems. A technical and economic assessment of these areas is given. The results of using low-boiling liquids for power generation on the basis of hot Earth strata are reported.
Study of the combustion process of liquid off-design fuel in a spray burner device with a controlled supply of primary air
Authors: Shadrin Evgeniy , Mukhina Mariia , Kopyev Evgeny , Sadkin Ivan
Published: October 2024

This work studies the process of combustion of liquid off-design fuel (using waste oil as an example) in a jet of superheated water vapor in a spray burner device with a controlled supply of primary air. The average temperature along the vertical axis of the burner device was measured, the composition of intermediate and final combustion products, and heat release were studied when the parameters in the gas generation chamber were varied. It has been shown that changing the primary air flow rate when spraying liquid off-design fuel with a jet of superheated water vapor can additionally influence the flame structure and the level of emissions. And the technology itself can be used to create low-emission burner devices.
Study of levitating microdroplets of water condensate over wet and dry heated substrates
Authors: Shatekova Almira , Zaitsev Dmitry
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this work was to study the levitation of microdroplets of water condensate (about 10 μm in size) above a liquid surface and above a dry surface in a wide range of experimental parameters (microdroplets of condensate levitate due to the Stefan flow). The assigned tasks were studied using experimental methods. It was found that with increasing substrate temperature, the rate of droplet condensation and the rate of droplet evaporation increases. The rate of droplet evaporation over a dry substrate is much higher than the rate of droplet condensation over a wetted surface. The dependences of the height of levitation to the center of the drop on the radius of the drop levitating above the liquid layer at different values of the substrate temperature were also studied.
Which is the better polyp detection metric: adenomas per colonoscopy or adenoma detection rate? A simulation modeling study
Authors: MacKenzie Todd , Xiao Sikai , Hisey William H , Robinson Christina M , Butterly Lynn , Anderson Joseph C
Published: October 2024

Background and study aims We compared the ability of adenoma detection rate (ADR) and adenoma per colonoscopy (APC) to assess endoscopist detection, using statistical principles and simulations.

Patients and methods We simulated a population of endoscopists and patients to compare the ability of ADR versus APC for capturing true endoscopist ability (TEA). We compared these rates with and without adjustment for patient and exam factors using multivariable models, and adjustment for imprecision due to low volume using empirical Bayes (shrinkage). Power calculations were used to compare the ability of ADR and APC to distinguish higher from lower rates over two time periods for an endoscopist.

Results APC and ADR had similar discriminatory ability for assessing TEA. This increased with higher volumes and after adjusting for risk factors and low volume using shrinkage. Higher APC and ADRs had higher power for comparing endoscopist detection over two time periods, but APC was superior to ADR. For example, there was 29% power to distinguish APCs (n = 200 colonoscopies) 0.10 from 0.15, similar to the power (28%) to distinguish corresponding ADRs: 10% and 14%. However, at same volume (n = 200), the power to distinguish higher APC rates (0.50 vs.0.75) was greater (89%) than the power (78%) for corresponding ADRs (39% vs.53%).

Conclusions Adjusting for patient and exam factors and/or using shrinkage techniques for lower-volume endoscopists can increase the correlation between TEA for both ADR and APC. For higher detection rates, APC offers more power than ADR in distinguishing differences in detection ability.
First step to environmentally sustainable endoscopy practice: a prospective study of minimizing multiple device use during screening colonoscopy at a large tertiary center
Authors: Harne Prateek S. , Harne Vaishali , Rehman Asad , Thosani Nirav , Desai Madhav
Published: October 2024

Background The healthcare sector generates 8% of greenhouse gas emissions in the USA, of which gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is the third largest contributor. Single-use tools are a major contributor to modifiable waste generation during GI endoscopy. Through a quality improvement initiative, we aimed to reduce endoscopy waste by urging gastroenterologists to be mindful of tools used during polypectomies by avoiding using multiple tools.

Methods We discussed green endoscopy initiatives in monthly journal club and business meetings. Over 14 weeks, 210 patients were included in the pre-intervention group and 112 in the post-intervention group.

Results At baseline, 34% of colonoscopies required no intervention, 32% required one tool (either biopsy forceps or a snare), and 33% required multiple tools. After the intervention, the use of just one tool increased (17 percentage point increase; P=0.003) and the use of multiple tools decreased significantly (16 percentage point decrease; P=0.002). The odds ratio for use of a single tool compared with multiple tools after the intervention was 3.0 (95%CI 1.6 to 5.5; P=0.005).

Conclusion This single-center quality improvement study noted a significant change in practice patterns favoring the use of a single tool over multiple tools during colonoscopies after an environmentally conscious practice intervention was applied. This intervention can be readily applied to reduce endoscopy-related waste.
Photochemical and Photocatalytic Deracemization Reactions
Authors: Teimouri Mohammad Bagher , Hashemian Seyed Parsa , Arabi Zanjani Seyed Mohammad , Afshar Moghadam Tara
Published: October 2024

Under photochemical conditions using an appropriate chiral catalyst, racemic mixtures of compounds can be converted into enantioenriched mixtures through distinguished pathways known as photochemical and photocatalytic deracemization reactions. In this graphical review, we highlight photochemical deracemization reactions that proceed in the presence of light as the key element along with a suitable chiral photocatalyst.
Critical exponent to a cancer invasion model with nonlinear diffusion
Authors: Jin Chunhua
Published: October 2024

This paper is concerned with a cancer invasion model that incorporates porous medium diffusion (Δum) and extracellular matrix remodeling effects [ηω(1 − u − ω)] in a bounded domain of RN (N ≥ 2). Rich achievements have been achieved for the case η = 0 in the past ten years for the nonlinear diffusion case, but there is no any progress for η > 0. In this paper, we pay our attention to the global existence of solutions of the case η > 0, and establish the critical exponent m*=2N−2N of global solvability. More precisely, if m > m*, the solution will always exist globally, while if m < m*, there exist blow-up solutions. In this system, the remodeling effect of extracellular matrix [ηω(1 − u − ω)] bring some essential difficulties to the estimation of the haptotactic term, so the main technique we used is completely different from the case of η = 0.