bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantum measurements and entropic bounds
Authors: Barchielli A. , Lupieri G.
Published: March 2021

While a positive operator valued measure gives the probabilities in a quantum measurement, an instrument gives both the probabilities and the a posteriori states. By interpreting the instrument as a quantum channel and by using the monotonicity theorem for relative entropies many bounds on the classical information extracted in a quantum measurement are obtained in a unified manner. In particular, it is shown that such bounds can all be stated as inequalities between mutual entropies. This approach based on channels gives rise to a unified picture of known and new bounds on the classical information (the bounds by Holevo, by Shumacher, Westmoreland and Wootters, by Hall, by Scutaru, a new upper bound and a new lower one). Some examples clarify the mutual relationships among the various bounds.
A discrete local invariant for quantum gates
Authors: Koponen L. , Bergholm V. , Salomaa M.M.
Published: March 2021

In this paper we study the properties of two-qubit gates. We review the most common parameterizations for the local equivalence classes of two-qubit gates and the connections between them. We then introduce a new discrete local invariant, namely the number of local degrees of freedom that a gate can bind. The value of this invariant is calculated analytically for all the local equivalence classes of two-qubit gates. We find that almost all two-qubit gates can bind the full six local degrees of freedom and are in this sense more effective than the controlled-NOT gate which only can bind four local degrees of freedom.
Quantum information processing with hyperentangled photon states
Authors: Walborn S. P. , Almeida M. P. , Souto Ribeiro P. H. , Monken C. H.
Published: March 2021

We discuss quantum information processing with hyperentangled photon states - states entangled in multiple degrees of freedom. Using an additional entangled degree of freedom as an ancilla space, it has been shown that it is possible to perform efficient Bell-state measurements. We briefly review these results and present a novel deterministic quantum key distribution protocol based on Bell-state measurements of hyperentangled photons. In addition, we propose a scheme for a probabilistic controlled-not gate which operates with a 50% success probability. We also show that despite its probabilistic nature, the controlled-not gate can be used for an efficient, nonlocal demonstration of the Deutsch algorithm using two separate photons.
Mixing of quantum walk on circulant bunkbeds
Authors: Lo P. , Rajaram S. , Schepens D. , Sullivan D. , Tamon C. , Ward J.
Published: March 2021

This paper gives new observations on the mixing dynamics of a continuous-time quantum walk on circulants and their bunkbeds. These bunkbeds are defined through two standard graph operators: the join G + H and the Cartesian product G \cprod H of graphs G and H. Our results include the following: (i) The quantum walk is average uniform mixing on circulants with bounded eigenvalue multiplicity; this extends a known fact about the cycles C_{n}. (ii) Explicit analysis of the probability distribution of the quantum walk on the join of circulants; this explains why complete multipartite graphs are not average uniform mixing, using the fact K_{n} = K_{1} + K_{n-1} and K_{n,\ldots,n} = \overline{K}_{n} + \ldots + \overline{K}_{n}. (iii) The quantum walk on the Cartesian product of a $m$-vertex path P_{m} and a circulant G, namely, P_{m} \cprod G, is average uniform mixing if G is; this highlights a difference between circulants and the hypercubes Q_{n} = P_{2} \cprod Q_{n-1}. Our proofs employ purely elementary arguments based on the spectra of the graphs.
Quality of a quantum error correcting scheme and memory error threshold estimation
Authors: Salas P.J.
Published: March 2021

The error correcting capabilities of the Calderbank-Shor-Steane [[7,1,3]] quantum code, together with a fault-tolerant syndrome extraction by means of several ancilla states, have been numerically studied. A simple probability expression to characterize the code ability for correcting an encoded qubit has been considered. This probability, as a correction quality criterion, permits the error correction capabilities among different recovery schemes to be compared. The memory error threshold is calculated by means of the best method of those considered.
Entanglement probability distribution of bi-partite randomised stabilizer states
Authors: Dahlsten O.C.O. , Plenio M.B.
Published: March 2021

We study the entanglement properties of random pure stabilizer states in spin-1/2 particles. We obtain a compact and exact expression for the probability distribution of the entanglement values across any bipartite cut. This allows for exact derivations of the average entanglement and the degree of concentration of measure around this average. We also give simple bounds on these quantities. We find that for large systems the average entanglement is near maximal and the measure is concentrated around it.
Sutural Morphology of Asterion in Dry Human Skulls
Authors: Usha Verma  , Ritu Singroha  , Amit Kumar Saxena  , Prachi Saffar Aneja  , Suresh Kanta Rathee
Published: March 2021

Sutural bones are usually small, irregularly shaped bones, often found in sutures of the cranium. It is important to know about them as they may complicate the surgical orientation if present in the asterion. The study aims to observe the incidence of the sutural morphology of asterion in dry human skulls. Total 120 human adult dry skulls consisting of 80 male and 40 female skulls were analyzed for Type-I and Type-II asterions. out of 120 skulls, (n=240) Type-I asterion was observed in 36 (15%) skulls, and Type-II was observed in 204 (85%) skulls. Type-I was 28 (17.5%) in males, 8 (10.0%) in females and 36 (15.0%) in total skulls. Type-II was 132 (82.5%) in males, 72 (90.00%) in females and 204 (85.0%) in total skulls. In the present study, the incidence of Type-I asterion was found more in males than females. The study can be useful to neurosurgeons, forensic experts, anthropologists and radiologists.
Effect of antihyperlipidemic polyherbal formulation in high diet induced hyperlipidemia wistar albino rats. An in vitro - in vivo evaluation
Authors: Smitha Rani  , Manju Sreedharan Nair Leelabai Amma  , Sarada Nallani Chakravarthula
Published: March 2021

Hyperlipidemia is a prevalent global health problem, and it is linked to various cardiovascular disorders. The side effects of the current lipid-lowering drugs have increased the tendency to move toward traditional and alternative remedies. The study aims to Formulate and evaluate the Antilipidemic activity of Polyherbal formulations used as a traditional medicine in the Malabar area, Kerala by in vitro and in vivo methods. Further, the present study also compares the impact of seasonal variations on chemical contents of ingredient herbs of polyherbal medicine. They were analyzed for, anti-oxidant activity by DPPH and Nitric oxide method and In-vitro anti-cholesterol activity by cholesterol enzymatic endpoint method using simavastatin as a positive control. The formulation showing highest anti-oxidant and in- vitro Antilipidemic activity was selected for in-vivo analysis. Out of four formulations, PHF 1 shows low IC50  values in DPPH and Nitric oxide methods (250.45± 0.60, 985.40±5.59), respectively. The in-vitro anti-cholesterol activity showed a maximum % of inhibition for PHF1. Based on this PHF 1was selected for in vivo analysis. Acute toxicity was performed according to OECD guidelines. The antilipidemic activity was conducted by  Diet-induced hyperlipidemia model in Wistar albino rats, containing six animals in each group. All the groups except saline control received a high-fat diet for two weeks. The Polyherbal formulation (200 mg/kg & 400 mg/kg) showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in total serum cholesterol and lipid levels compared to the vehicle control group. This present study proved that Polyherbal formulation has Antilipidemic activity against the diet-induced hyperlipidemia model by reducing the total serum cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), very low-density lipid (VLDL), low-density lipids(LDL) levels and increasing high-density lipid (HDL) level.
The Impact of Training on the Storage of High Alert Drugs: A Quasi Experimental Study
Authors: Satibi Satibi  , Achmad Fudholi  , Hafizh Amrullah  , Aya Shaufia Itsnayain
Published: March 2021

A medication error can cause severe injury for the patient, even mortality, and that can be prevented. Preventing medication error is done by upgrading the drugs administrators knowledge at the Community Health Center in handling the high alert drugs. One of the possibility is by training. This research is conducted to understand the influence of training toward the suitability of high alert drugs storage. This research constitutes quasi-experimental design with pre and post-analysis approach along with by using a control group as a comparison. The  population of research consists of all of community health centre drugs administrators in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency and Mataram City. The sample of research are the drugs administrators, Human Resources, who work at the Community health centre of Ogan Komering Ilir and Mataram city were chosen to use non-probability sample.  The intervention was conducted toward the drugs administrators with the material that has been standardized by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.  The instrument is in the form of List of Visit that has been validated to assess the suitability of high alert drugs storage at Community health centre by using SPSS-23 with Wilcoxon Signed Rank and Mann-Whitney U tests. The result of the research shows that the majority of the Intervention group of Community health centre (83,33%) the storage of high alert drugs is appropriate with the standard after training.  The percentage difference of the appropriate high alert drugs storage test between intervention group and control group after the training (p<0,05). This study concludes that the training that was conducted toward the drugs administrators can increase the percentage of high alert drugs suitable storage that lead to the decreasing of medication error incidents at Community health centre.
MÀNG DẪN ĐIỆN TỪ SỢI NANO BẠC TỔNG HỢP BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP POLYOL
Authors: Anh Đỗ Phương , Tuyết Nguyễn Thị Ánh , Thông Nguyễn Văn , Thịnh Nguyễn Văn , Ơn Đỗ Viết , Tùng Võ Thanh , Chương Trương Văn
Published: March 2021

Trong bài báo này, sợi nano bạc đã được tổng hợp bằng phương pháp polyol dưới tác động của siêu âm. Đã xác định được nồng độ tối ưu của polyvinyl pyrrolidone cho quá trình chế tạo dung dịch. Sản phẩm sợi nano được khảo sát bằng kỹ thuật XRD, SEM và UV-Vis. Dung dịch dẫn điện có điện trở thấp, bám dính tốt, tính linh hoạt cao và ổn định nhiệt. Dung dịch này đã được sử dụng để chế tạo màng dẫn điện. Sản phẩm có thể mở ra một hướng mới cho các ứng dụng công nghệ sau này.
THỬ NGHIỆM TẠO BIOFLOC TỪ NGUỒN VI SINH TỰ NHIÊN CHO ƯƠNG GIỐNG TÔM THẺ CHÂN TRẮNG TẠI TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Tuấn Lê Công , Sơn Tề Minh , Lành Đoàn Thị Mỹ , Lộc Nguyễn Hoàng , Huy Nguyễn Đức
Published: March 2021

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm tìm hiểu khả năng hình thành biofloc để duy trì sự ổn định của môi trường nước trong hệ thống ương giống tôm thẻ chân trắng. Một tổ hợp vi sinh phát triển từ nguồn nước tự nhiên được sử dụng để so sánh với đối chứng có bổ sung chế phẩm vi sinh công nghiệp. Tôm được nuôi trong điều kiện hạn chế ánh sáng mặt trời trong 24 ngày, không có sự trao đổi nước và có bổ sung rỉ mật hàng ngày để làm nguồn carbon (tỷ lệ C/N ở mức 15:1). Tổ hợp biofloc hình thành đã kiểm soát lượng NH4+ và NO2– bằng quá trình đồng hóa dị dưỡng và nitrate hóa. Trong suốt quá trình thí nghiệm, hàm lượng N–NH4 và N–NO2 của hệ thống biofloc được duy trì ở mức an toàn đối với tôm con, lần lượt là 0,99 ± 0,02 mg·L–1 và 0,49 ± 0,08 mg·L–1. Ở mật độ nuôi 400 con·m–3, khối lượng tôm tăng từ 0,01 đến 0,59 g·con–1 sau 24 ngày nuôi ở tất cả các bể với tỷ lệ sống đạt 82,5%.
MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM TẾ BÀO – MÔ HỌC TUYẾN SINH DỤC CỦA CÁ ĐỐI LÁ Moolgarda cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) Ở VÙNG BIỂN VEN BỜ TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Tuệ Đặng Đức , Phú Võ Văn
Published: March 2021

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trong năm 2019. Kết quả cho thấy cá Đối lá có đặc điểm hình thái, tế bào học và mô học của tế bào sinh dục và tuyến sinh dục tương tự các loài cá xương khác với bốn thời kỳ phát triển của tế bào và bốn giai đoạn chín muồi sinh dục của buồng trứng và tinh sào. Đặc điểm tổ chức học và tế bào học cho thấy cá Đối lá sinh sản ở vùng nước biển ven bờ Thừa Thiên Huế.
SỰ HẤP PHỤ NITRATE CỦA THAN SINH HỌC SẢN XUẤT TỪ TRẤU (O. sativa L., OM5451)
Authors: Phương Nguyễn Đạt , Phượng Đỗ Thị Mỹ , Chiếm Nguyễn Hữu , Thoa Phạm Ngọc , Lộc Nguyễn Xuân
Published: March 2021

Nghiên cứu này đánh giá ảnh hưởng của pH dung dịch, khối lượng than, thời gian và nồng độ ban đầu lên quá trình hấp phụ nitrate trong dung dịch của than sinh học sản xuất từ trấu (O. sativa L., OM5451). Than sinh học được sản xuất bằng phương pháp nhiệt phân trấu ở 700 °C. pHpzc của than là 9,51. Điều kiện tối ưu cho quá trình hấp phụ bao gồm khối lượng than 0,5 g, pH  4, thời gian 120 phút và nồng độ đầu 50 . Tại điều kiện tối ưu, hiệu suất loại  là 69,7%. Dữ liệu cân bằng phù hợp với mô hình đẳng nhiệt Langmuir ( = 0,993) hơn mô hình Freundlich ( = 0,965). Dung lượng hấp phụ nitrate cực đại tính theo phương trình Langmuir là 12,843 mg·g–1. Sự hấp phụ  của than sinh học phù hợp với cả hai mô hình động học biểu kiến bậc 1 ( = 0,964) và bậc 2 ( = 0,963).
ANALISIS MOTIVASI, BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN KINERJA
Authors: Arumsari Yuliana Dwi Endah , Wulandari Siska , Wening Nur
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze motivation, organizational culture and performance. This research is conducted in Community and Village Empowerment Office, it used sample of 33 ASN consist of Office Secretary, Head of Section, Head of Subdivision, Section Head and Staff, data is collected using questioners.

This research is to analyze motivational variable data, organizational culture and performance using quantitative descriptive analysis. Data is divided into primer data and secondary data. The scoring of this research uses a Likert scale. To describe the figure of each variable studied, the data is tabulated and uses a statistical descriptive analysis by calculating the mean (mean).

The analysis result present that variable motivation of State Civil Apparatus in the Office of Community Empowerment and Village of Sleman Regency generally get a good category with mean 3,79. While organizational culture variables generally also get a good category with mean 3,83. The ASN Performance variable in the Community and Village Empowerment Service, although it is not yet maximal, it also has a good category with mean 3, 49. Even though the performance variable obtains the lowest mean compared to the motivation variable and organizational culture variable, it remains in the good category.

Keywords: Motivation, Organizational Culture, Performance
KEPEMILIKAN MANAGERIAL, RISIKO INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL, EFISIENSI DAN NET INTEREST MARGIN (NIM) DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Putra Ardian Prima
Published: March 2021

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence of a number of factors that can affect the Bank's Net Interest Margin (NIM) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2010-2016. The factors that are thought to influence NIM in this study are managerial ownership, internal risk (non-performing loans (NPL)), external risk (inflation), and efficiency (operating expenses and operating income (BOPO)). This research is expected to be beneficial for bank shareholders in supervising and controlling bank management in managing NIM at the Bank, for management the bank can control the NIM at the bank, for the government to determine the bank's NIM policy appropriately, and for further research can add referrals in the field of banking research especially the NIM. This study uses multiple linear regression test, with the results simultaneously independent variables namely managerial ownership, non-performing loans, inflation, BOPO have a positive effect on Net interest Margin (NIM), while the partial test results (T-test) is variable NPL, inflation has a negative influence on the net interest margin (NIM) while the other variables do not have a bearing on the NIM.

Keywords : Net Interest Margin, Managerial Ownership, Risk, Efficiency, IDX
PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA (Studi pada Perusahaan Go Public Sektor Pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2018)
Authors: Mahdalena Natalia , Putra Ardian Prima , Arnawati Putri Gustita
Published: March 2021

His study discusses to analyze corporate governance, ownership structure and leverage to earning management. The research was conducted at mining companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2015-2018. The samples used as many as 29 companies from the population of 83 companies, through a purposive sampling method. The data collection is done by using the method of observation nonparticipant through the financial statemens. The analysis technique aapplied is a technique of multiple linier regression analysis. The results show that audit committee negative effect on earning management, the proportion of commissioners no effect on earning management, managerial ownership no effect on earning management, institutional ownership no effect on earning management and leverage negative effect on earning management.Keyword : audit committee, proportion of commissioners, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, leverage, earning management
Disability and Deaf Futures (Dispatch)
Authors: Choi Taeyoon , Labbe Aaron , Segarra Annie , Sweeney Elizabeth , Ware Syrus Marcus
Published: March 2021

N/A
Communicating Access, Accessing Communication (Dispatch)
Authors: Chandler Eliza , Ignagni Esther , Collins Kimberlee
Published: March 2021

N/A
Budaya suku Lembak mempengaruhi perencanaan karier siswa
Authors: Sulusyawati Heni , Syamsuddin Syamsuddin
Published: March 2021

Adanya siswa di Lembak yang mengalami kebingungan dalam memilih jurusan di perguruan tinggi. Hal ini menjadi tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh budaya Lembak terhadap perencanaan karier siswa. Jenis penelitian merupakan deskriptif kualitatif natural setting. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi partisipatif, wawancara tak terstruktur, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Spradley analisis domain, taksonomi, komponensial, & tema kultural. Analisis domain menghasilkan data bahwa perencanaan karier siswa kurang optimal. Analisis taksonomi, menghasilkan data perincian peran orang tua, kedisiplinan, komunikasi, dan tanggung jawab. Analisis komponensial, orang tua hanya memberi kecukupan materi, sementara bimbingan terhadap anak kurang. Analisis tema kultural, perencanaan karier siswa kurang optimal karena kurangnya peran orang tua sebagai bagian dari akibat perilaku kultural. Komunikasi siswa yang kasar menyebabkan relasi pertemanan siswa di Lembak terbatas. Jadi, pada budaya Lembak 1) orang tua kurang berperan, 2) siswa kurang disiplin, 3) pergaulan terbatas, dan 4) siswa kurang bertanggung jawab mempengaruhi perencanaan karier siswa.
Integration of An Information System to Suggest A Drl Model in Radiology Department at Azadi Hospital in Duhok–kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Jaladet Alsofi Soleen
Published: March 2021

Computer Tomography is a useful technique in diagnostic radiology. However, it emits high radiation doses which may cause harm to patients. For this, a quality management system, Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRL) is used in European countries. The aim of this study was to suggest a DRL system in Duhok Hospitals. Patient’s data (70 – 80) were collected from Azadi Hospital for three main protocols head, chest and abdomen. Only 15 patients had complete data for calculations for the three protocols. The DRL results were then compared with the ones reported in several European countries. For example, in the head protocol for the a CTDI value of 81, the results of the calculated DLP and ED values were 1504 and 3.16 respectively. These values were found to be much higher than the corresponding values reported in Italy 13.12 and 2.76 respectively. As a result, the DRL using 75th percentiles corresponding to these three dosimetric values were also high. Similar high results for the abdomen protocol were recorded, however, the results of the chest protocol showed to be within the average range. Part two of this work involved designing a Flow Chart based on an Information System to help running the CT scan procedure more effectively. Additionally, an extra repository system was added to this model to solve the short capacity issue in Duhok Hospitals.
The Relationship of Gliomas with Tp53 Rs1042522 C > G And Gliomas in Duhok
Authors: F. A. Nerweyi Farida
Published: March 2021

A tumor suppressor gene TP53 has a central role in controlling the cell cycle, apoptosis, as well as DNA damage repair. A common polymorphism in TP53 is the Arg72Pro exon 4 polymorphism. Polymorphism has been proposed to be associated with genetically determined susceptibility in different types of cancers, including glioma. This study was conducted to estimate the distribution of glioma within age groups, gender, smokers, and residence of individual also to investigate the distribution of TP53 Arg72Pro SNPs genotype in glioma, and determine whether TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism is a possible relevance in susceptibility to glioma using RFLP-PCR analysis. Enrolled were 65 patients (glioma tissues matched age and gender) and 70 healthy individuals as a control. The findings in glioma samples 40(61.54%) were homozygous for arginine (Arg / Arg), 19 (29.23%) heterozygous for (Arg / Pro), and 6 (9.23%) homozygous for proline (Pro / Pro). Three separate frequencies of genotypes of Arg72Pro; 33 (47.14%), 28 (40.0), and 9 (12.86%) were identified in healthy individuals, respectively. The allele Frequencies for the Pro 72 and Arg 72 gliomas were 16 (24.62%) and 49 (75.38%), respectively. In the Pro 72 and Arg 72 controls, the allele frequencies were 23 (32.86%) and 47 (67.14%), respectively. Finally, there was no significant relationship between age group, gender, dwellers, non-smokers and smokers in different genotypes of codon 72 of TP53 gene (P < 0.05).
The Efficiency Employment of Close-range Photogrammetry to Measure And Model Potholes in Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Ramzy Jame Ahmed e , Awad Kattan Raad
Published: March 2021

The objective of this study is to measure and model potholes distress in the pavement road surface, which form a major type among several distresses exist in road networks. In this research close-range photogrammetry is used to represent potholes distress, this approach allows converting images of the studied potholes into a 3-D model. Ground control points (GCPs) have to be distributed uniformly to cover the whole measured area helping to solve analytically for the unknown coordinates of the measured area point cloud and acquiring a georeferenced model with known coordinates. Agisoft PhotoScan was used for potholes modelling, which is a user-friendly software that allows for 3- D modelling, producing digital elevation models, point clouds, and orthomosaic. The Agisoft PhotoScan initial assessment test on a model similar in shape to a real pothole reviles that the best accuracy acquired using 8 GCPs distributed regularly to cover the shape of the pothole have a maximum discrepancy of - 2.16cm in Z coordinates of one point. The obtained root mean square errors RMS were ±0.79 ±0.78 ±0.67cm in X, Y, and Z coordinates respectively. In a real pothole modelling tests on two sites and comparing the model check points coordinates with the ground coordinates, the RMS obtained were, ±0.85, ±0.58, ±0.44 cm and ±0.32, ±0.27, ±0.39cm in X, Y and Z coordinates respectively. Both potholes can be classified as high level potholes as their depths are more than 50mm in accordance with known specifications. In volume test carried out on the first model, the Agisoft PhotoScan generated volume was 8413 cm3 confirmed the volume measured with the standard soil test known as sand replacement method which gave a volume of 8311 cm3
The Effect of Sleep Duration And Habits on Academic Performance of Pharmacy Students
Authors: Gabriel Abdullah Rabie , Adil Ihsan Saleh , Zeki Ahmad Jiman , Jasem Mohammad Chiman , Abulkareem Ramadan Roj , Ahmad Mohammad Nechirvan
Published: March 2021

It is necessary to promote optimal health and well-being by having more than 7 hours of sleep a day for adults. In modern society, sleep deprivation is a big concern. Students at colleges experience at least twice as many sleep disorders as the general public due to their engagement in many social-, work-, and academic-related activities. The study aims to assess sleep behaviors and the degree of daytime sleepiness and examine the connection between pharmacy students' sleep period and academic success. This cross-sectional research was carried out at the Duhok University pharmacy college on 169 students from first-year to fifth-year. For a given course, students filled out a questionnaire involving demographic variables, sleep habits, sleep length during the regular school week and at night before the test, daytime sleep frequency, and the final score. The results revealed that most pharmacy students had under-optimal sleep durations, described as less than 7 hours. Early sleep and sufficient sleep the night before the test were favorably correlated with student grades and academic success.
Noninvasive mechanical ventilation with helmet in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Glumcher F.S. , Dyomin Ye.Yu
Published: March 2021

Objective ‒ to compare the incidence of complications and the main treatment outcomes of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) with a helmet versus NIV with a full face mask.Materials and methods. A monocentric randomized open-labeled controlled clinical trial. Patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with signs of respiratory failure were randomized to receive NIV through a mask or helmet. The study included 59 patients who were randomized into two groups: NIV through helmet (n = 29) or mask (n = 30). The average age of the patients was (59.24 ± 14.20) and (59.06 ± 15.90) years, respectively. In both groups men predominated ‒ 23 (79 %) and 27 (90 %) respectively. Ventilation was performed with a Draeger Carina apparatus in pressure support (PS) mode. The primary endpoint was the cumulative incidence of NIV complications. Secondary endpoints were PaO2/FiO2 ratio, tolerance to therapy, frequency of intubations, duration of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), and ICU mortality. A total of 59 patients were involved in the study.Results. The complication rate was lower in the helmet group (10 % (n = 3) versus 43 % (n = 13), p = 0.004) and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was higher at the first hour and at the end of NIV (253.14 ± 64.74) mm Hg versus (216.06 ± 43.86) mm Hg and (277.07 ± 84.89) mmHg versus (225.81 ± 63.64) mm Hg, p = 0.013 and p = 0.012) compared with NIV through a full face mask. More patients noted excellent helmet tolerance than masks at the 4th hour of therapy (24 (83 %) versus 14 (47 %), p = 0.004) and at the end of ventilation (69 % (20/29) versus 30 % (9/30), p = 0.03). One patient was unable to continue therapy due to mask intolerance. Differences in intubation rates, length of ICU stay, and mortality were statistically insignificant (p = 0.612, p = 0.100, p = 1.000 respectively).Conclusions. NIV through a helmet can reduce the incidence of complications and increase the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, as well as improve tolerance compared to NIV through a face mask in patients with exacerbation of COPD. A larger scale of study is needed to establish the effect of interface choice on ICU mortality, time spent in ICU, and frequency of intubation.
Developing Countries in Public Procurement Markets: A Focus on SME Capabilities
Authors: Allen Barbara , SSennoga Francis
Published: March 2021

No description supplied
The Village of the People Stands Night and Day, Guardians of their Ancestors
Authors: Hynd Cameron
Published: March 2021

This thesis looks at the establishment of Maori values within a contemporary, de-colonialised architectural context. Through the 19th and 20th centuries, pre-colonial design archetypes and typologies were unable to modernise with new technologies and instead were replaced with colonial technology and thinking. This was done because of the suppression of Maori and Maori culture and lead to Maori cultural architecture and design that was stuck in traditional context and an identity that was unable to be applied to modern contexts.

To begin, the initial research stages attempt to define a concise set of traditional, pre-colonial Maori design values and a second set of physical observations taken directly from an existing informal settlement that was not subject to colonial governing bodies or establishment. This is an important context as this acts as a decolonialisation element and begins a dialogue into how we form a new cultural identity for Maori built environments. From here the two sets of research are respectfully integrated each other forming a set of design guidelines. Having these values integrated together, the thesis then uses them as a platform for a well-informed piece of Maori Architectural and Urban design located in Rotorua, New Zealand. The purpose of this piece of research is not to create a hard set of guidelines but more to start a dialogue about how we can better inform our cultural architecture in New Zealand and how we can integrate Maori values into more of our architecture as a vehicle for high quality cultural diversity. Beginning this discussion is an acceptance that the suppression of Maori was an unfortunate occurrence of the past that at this point cannot be helped but through dialogue and action, we can look to rekindle the identity that our built environment lost all those years ago.
Stigma and disaster risk reduction among vulnerable groups: Considering people receiving opioid substitution treatment
Authors: Blake Denise , Pooley S , Lyons Antonia
Published: March 2021

© 2020 This work explores the ways in which stigma influences how people engage with disaster risk reduction. It specifically addresses the experiences and perceptions of stigma for people who receive Opioid Substitution Treatment (OST), a successful harm reduction strategy that reduces illicit drug use, risk of overdose and criminal activity. Unfortunately, while receiving OST people endure stigma because of their perceived or assumed history of drug use, which positions them as socially deviant and unacceptable. During a disaster or emergency, forms of social stigma from health and emergency management personnel have implications for access to treatment such as OST. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 21 people receiving OST from services in four major cities in Aotearoa New Zealand, an interpretive analysis was applied to better understand how stigma matters to their lived experience. Four key themes, namely “Experiences of stigma”, “Discrimination from health professionals”, and “Disasters and emergency management” and “Support within disaster contexts” were identified in their talk. We conclude that it is vital that medications and other necessary treatments are made accessible to those who need them to maintain health and wellbeing. It is important to be aware that stigmatising beliefs manifest in disaster-response settings which have consequences for people who are already more vulnerable than others. Therefore we suggest that appropriate education and training be provided.
Sex Workers’ Rights in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Healy Catherine , Blake Denise , Thomas Amanda
Published: March 2021

The New Zealand Prostitutes’ Collective (NZPC) is an organisation founded on the rights, welfare, health, and safety of sex workers in Aotearoa New Zealand and globally. The collective is committed to ensuring the agency of sex workers in all aspects of life. After years of lobbying by the NZPC to overturn an archaic law founded on double standards, whereby sex workers and third parties were prosecuted for acts such as soliciting and brothel keeping, the Prostitution Reform Act 2003 saw the decriminalisation of commercial sex activities and allowed for third parties to operate brothels. Aotearoa New Zealand remains the only country to decriminalise most commercial sex work and endorse the rights of sex workers. Dame Catherine Healy has been with the NZPC since its inception in 1987. As the national coordinator she is a vocal lead activist and advocate for sex workers’ rights. She also publishes extensively on sex workers’ rights. In 2018, Catherine was presented with a Dame Campion to the New Zealand Order of Merit in acknowledgment for working for the rights of sex workers. Dr Denise Blake is an academic and the chair of the NZPC Board. Denise has been involved in the sex industry in a variety of roles for a number of years, and also advocates strongly for the rights of sex workers. In this interview, Catherine talks to Denise and Amanda Thomas about her work and the history of the NZPC.
Get prepared for an emergency: An infographic
Authors: Blake Denise , Miller A , Rampton A
Published: March 2021

© The Author(s) 2017. Effective preparedness messages increase human capacity to prepare, respond and minimise harm during an emergency. The purpose of this study was to highlight the development of a pictorial infographic resource for earthquake and other emergencies for older people, people with mobility issues and people with literacy concerns in Aotearoa/New Zealand. A case study methodology was used to enable an in-depth description of the processes involved in designing, developing and disseminating the infographic. Case studies provide a medium to represent communitysituated knowledge and expertise. They value context, specificity and lived experience. The second two authors drove the initiative, and project managed the production of the infographic. The first author conducted a semi-structured interview with the other two authors to garner details of the process. This interview was transcribed and the case study outline was crafted. The authors went on to produce this paper collectively. The outcomes of this case study include recommending that a multidisciplinary approach be used to engage a range of stakeholders, to produce suitable preparedness messages for a range of audiences. Designing preparedness resources necessitates an iterative method and collective decision-making by relevant stakeholders. International best-practice guidelines provide evidence to ensure suitable resources are produced and gaps in knowledge identified, so that emergency preparedness is accessible for all.
Women’s Experiences of Medical Miss-Diagnosis: How does gender matter in healthcare settings?
Authors: Thompson Jessica , Blake Denise
Published: March 2021

Medical misdiagnosis for women continues to be a significant problem, leading to disparate health outcomes. To understand how women make sense of experiences of medical misdiagnosis, eight women from Aotearoa/ New Zealand were interviewed about misdiagnosis of conditions that equally affect female and male bodies. This work was guided by feminist principles and used narrative analysis to develop the following three themes: (1) Contradictory dialogues: doctor as expert or not? (2) Self-advocacy in the misdiagnosis experience; and (3) Not taken seriously in healthcare settings: it’s all in your head. Supported by previous work, our findings assert that women are treated poorly in healthcare settings with detrimental outcomes for them and their wider community. Reasons for this include female bodies being excluded from medical research, so that little is known about how illnesses present in female bodies, or how they affect women. Problematically, knowledge founded on male bodies is used to diagnose conditions in women. These biases perpetuate gender stereotypes and preconceived beliefs about women. Unexplained symptoms are considered ‘made up’ or are blamed on women’s mental well- being. Women are therefore not always considered credible symptom reporters and may be dismissed and ignored by healthcare professionals.
Balancing act: The relentless tyranny of monitoring and evaluating body image concerns
Authors: Blake Denise , Tuffin Keith , Hamid Jennifer
Published: March 2021

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Wade in the Water…: Awash in the Sense of Adoption
Authors: Blake Denise , Morgan Mandy , Coombes Leigh
Published: March 2021

A discursive approach to knowledge contends that language is the constitutive force of experience and lived reality. Meaning is created through language use within relationships, while discourses function as the statements that produce knowledge, power and truth claims. We cannot step outside of the discourses through which our knowledge of experience is produced, though their complexity always allows us to resist particular identities that are discursively available to us. Based on interviews with 12 adoptees constituted within the ‘closed’ adoption period between 1955 and 1985, this narrative analysis represents the way in which the adoptive body matters to participants’ experiences of adoption and their resistances to the discourses that produce knowledge of adoption: Embodiment needed to be incorporated into this discursive work. Knowing, accessing and being- in-the-world are achieved through our senses in everyday life. We engage and shape cultural norms that enable and constrain corporeality. The adoptive experience is lived and felt through bodies that struggle to articulate their corporeality through discourse. Without discourses fit for purpose, speaking embodiment in and through adoption is precarious and adoptees attempt to articulate subjectivities beyond those allowed. This paper discusses the strategies used to materialise body matters in researching adoption.
Wade in the Water …’: Rethinking Adoptees’ Stories of Reunion
Authors: Blake Denise , Coombes Leigh , Morgan Mandy
Published: March 2021

n 1955, the Aotearoa/New Zealand government legislated the closed stranger adoption period. Approximately 80,000 children were constructed as a legal fiction when deemed as if born to a legally married couple. Birth family information was permanently sealed. Yet being raised in a fictional subject position and being denied access to any family of origin has consequences for all involved. After ten years of lobbying, the Adult Adoption Information Act (1985) came into effect. The power of that legislation was to overturn the strategies that suppressed adoptees’ rights to know details of their birth. Adult adoptees over the age of 20 years could access their original birth certificates, which provided a birth mother’s name. With this identifying information, reunions became possible. Birth family reunions involve a diverse range of experiences, reflecting the ways in which adoptees are contextually and historically produced. This paper reconsiders the identity implications of reunion stories using the theoretical concept of hybrid identity. The complexities of reunions are multiple, and adoptees negotiate their identities through being both born to and born as if and yet neither identity is safe. In the production of this hybrid story, it was possible to see the political and moral trajectories that enable and constrain a sense of self through the complexities of a legal context that produces binary subject positions.
Minimization of excess torque in multi-time deployment-folding hinge joints
Authors: Zommer S. A. , Nemchaninov S. I. , Kravchunovsky A. P. , Ivanov A. V. , Rudenko M. S.
Published: March 2021

The paper presents a method for minimizing the torque value of the multi-time deploymentfolding hinges. The objects of research were the hinges assembly of multi-time deployment-folding mechanical devices of solar array, which are used as part of the platforms of spacecraft. A computational analysis of the forces and moments that act in the hinges in the process of their opening and folding is carried out. The minimization of the excessive torque value without changing the design and layout of the hinge is possible by changing the shape of the dependence of the spring drive force on the angle of rotation of the hinge. The possibility of using constant force springs as part of the hinge is considered, the existing design algorithms are improved and a program for calculating the geometric and mechanical characteristics of constant force springs is developed. Experimental data were obtained for measuring the forces of springs of various configurations, showing the dependence of the magnitude of the force on the magnitude of the spring deformation and confirming the efficiency of the proposed calculation algorithm. A prototype of a hinge assembly with a constant force spring drive was developed and manufactured. The possibility of minimizing the excess torque without the need to change the design of the hinge while maintaining its technical characteristics was experimentally confirmed.
The Medium of Instruction in a Multicultural Classroom: Teachers’ Perspectives in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Spokazi Matshikiza , Luggya Simon , Tanga Magdaline
Published: March 2021

The South African Government has instituted a policy of multicultural education (ME) to ensure inclusivity and equal learning opportunities for all learners. This paper aimed to explore teachers’ perspectives on the medium of instruction in a multicultural classroom. The paper was extracted from a thesis that examined multiculturalism in selected schools in South Africa. A sample of 18 participants was purposively selected from two urban schools that have learners from different socio-cultural backgrounds in the Eastern Cape. The paper used the interpretive paradigm, which aligns with the qualitative approach. Data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that as a universal language, most participants preferred using English in the classroom. However, they sometimes code-switch to IsiXhosa and/or Afrikaans (two of the 11 official languages in South Africa) if the need arises. The participants also revealed attempts at balancing the use of English with learners’ first language, mostly during breaks, sporting, and cultural events, but they admitted this does not equal ME. Finally, the participants indicated that preference to teach in English was due to its universalism. Consequently, African languages have become receptors and not creators of knowledge. The paper concludes that despite the ME policy, teachers are not keen to practice it because of a lack of skills. It is recommended that the country be zoned into language areas and teachers be taught in at least two dominant languages of each region, excluding the English language, to ensure equal educational opportunities.
Studi etnobotani ritual adat pernikahan Suku Tamiang di Desa Menanggini Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Ramadhani Laila , Oktavianti Tessa , Andriani Andriani , Nafsiah Nafsiah , Sihite Risauli Juliana , Suwardi Adi Bejo
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKSuku Tamiang merupakan salah satu suku yang tinggal di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang dan masih memanfaatkan berbagai spesies tumbuhan dalam tradisi ritual adat pernikahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam upacara adat pernikahan oleh Suku Tamiang di Desa Menanggini Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Maret 2020 di Desa Menanggini Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Metode penelitian bersifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara semi terstruktur menggunakan angket dengan melibatkan 30 orang responden. Telah ditemukan sebanyak 20 spesies tumbuhan yang terdiri dari 16 famili dan 18 genus yang digunakan dalam upacara ritual adat pernikahan suku Tamiang di Desa Menaggini Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah daun (36%), diikuti dengan batang dan buah (masing-masing 18%), biji (14%), bunga (9%), dan getah (5%). Tumbuhan tersebut sebagai simbol untuk mendapatkan ketentraman, kedamaian, rezeki, kebersihan hati, keselamatan dan ketenangan serta kelanggengan. Kata kunci: etnobotani; pernikahan; Suku Tamiang; upacara adat  ABSTRACTEtnobotany study of Tamiang tribe wedding rituals in Menanggini Village Aceh Tamiang District Aceh ProvinceThe Tamiang tribe is one of the tribes that live in the Aceh Tamiang District and have been using different plant species in wedding ceremonies. This study aims to document the plants species used in wedding ceremonies by the Tamiang tribe in Menanggini Village, Aceh Tamiang District. The study was conducted in Menanggini Village, Aceh Tamiang District, from January to March 2020. Qualitative and quantitative methods are used in this study. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews using a questionnaire involving 30 respondents. A total of 20 plant species consisting of 16 families and 18 genera used in the traditional wedding ceremonies by the Tamiang tribe in Menaggini Village, Aceh Tamiang District. The most widely used parts of the plant were leaves (36%), followed by stems and fruit (18% each), seeds (14%), flowers (9%), and sap (5%). This plant is a symbol of peace, happiness, sustenance, pleasantness of the heart, safety and serenity, and conformity. Key words: ethnobotany; ritual ceremony; wedding; Tamiang Tribe
Perbandingan metakognitif pada peserta didik yang tinggal di asrama dan non asrama pada pembelajaran biologi
Authors: Habibi Abdul Aziz , Mustofa Romy Faisal , Ardiansyah Ryan
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKHasil belajar peserta didik dapat dipengaruhi oleh komponen metakognitif dan juga lingkungan sekitar. Peserta didik MAN 1 Tasikmalaya tergolong menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu yang tinggal di asrama dan non asrama. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan metakognitif antara peserta didik yang tinggal di asrama dan di non asrama. Metode penelitian berupa kausal komparatif dengan purposive sampling. Sampel berupa masing-masing 29 peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 1 dan XI MIPA 2. Tes dilakukan dengan Metacognitive Awareness Inventory. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov untuk mengetahui normalitas data, dilanjutkan dengan uji homogenitas dengan Levene Test dan Uji t untuk mengetahui perbandingan antara kedua data tersebut. Skor rata-rata metakognitif peserta didik asrama sebesar 91,96% sedangkan untuk peserta didik non asrama sebesar 88,1%. Data menunjukkan adanya perbedaan metakognitif antara peserta didik yang tinggal di asrama dan non asrama. Kata kunci: asrama; metakognitif; non asrama; perbandingan ABSTRACTMetacognitive comparisons of students living in dormitories and non- dormitories in learning biology The learning outcomes of a student are influenced not only by the metacognitive components they have but also by the surrounding environment. The students of MAN 1 Tasikmalaya can be classified into two groups, who live in dormitories and in non-dormitories. This study aims to determine the metacognitive differences between students who live in dormitories and non-dormitories. The method used is causal-comparative with a purposive sampling technique and obtained 29 students each in XI MIPA 1 and XI MIPA 2 as samples. The test was conducted with Metacognitive Awareness Inventory. The data were analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov,, the homogeneity test using the Levene test, and the t test to determine the comparasion between two data. The average metacognitive score for boarding students was 91.96%, while for non-boarding students was 88.1%. That data showed there are metacognitive differences between students in dormitories and non-dormitories. Keywords: boarding; comparison; metacognitive; non-boarding