bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epirubicin-calf thymus DNA interaction: a comprehensive investigation using molecular docking, spectroscopy and fluorescent quantum dots
Authors: Hemati Azandaryani Abbas , Barati Ali , Shahlaei Mohsen , Shamsipur Mojtaba , Moradi Sajad , Arkan Elham
Published: July 2018

Reviewing the mode of interaction between this kind of active pharmaceutical ingredients and DNA has received much more attention in current years. Anthracycline drugs such as Epirubicin are frequently used in cancer treatment for breast cancer treatment. In the present study, the Epirubicin -calf thymus DNA interaction was investigated by using spectroscopic, fluorimetric and molecular docking methods. Water-soluble quantum dots (QDs) with nanometric particle size fabricated and characterized by transmission electron microscope and photon correlation spectroscopy. The binding constant value and the free energy change for this interaction were obtained to be 3.00í—106 M-1 and -42.26 kJ mol-1, using the spectroscopic method and docking investigations, respectively. Additionally, fluorescent thioglycolic acid-capped CdTe QDs were used for investigation of EPI and DNA interaction. Epirubicin as a quencher quenched the fluorescence of CdTe QDs after electrostatic adsorption on the surface of QDs. With the addition of DNA, EPI will be desorbed from the surface of CdTe QDs, inserted into the DNA. Subsequently, fluorescence changes of QDs were used for calculation of binding constant value, which was in good agreement with that obtained by the spectroscopic method. By the comparison of the achieved results, the intercalation mode of interaction between Epirubicin and DNA proved.
Effect of HOTAIR rs12826786 and rs1899663 polymorphisms on lung cancer susceptibility and clinicopathological characteristics in a turkish population: a hospital-based case-control study
Authors: Dadaş Erdoğan , Aydın Muhsin
Published: July 2018

Overexpression of Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), is associated with tumorigenesis and multiple cancer types including lung cancer. In this study, the association between two HOTAIR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs12826786 and rs1899663) on the risk and clinical characteristics of lung cancer in a Turkish population was investigated. We genotyped HOTAIR rs12826786 and rs1899663 polymorphisms in 180 Turkish people including 87 lung cancer patients (71 males and 16 females) and 93 age-matched healthy controls (67 males and 26 females) by a TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction method. The mean age value of the lung cancer patients and control subjects were 59.27 ± 10.55 and 61.77 ± 12.00, respectively. We found that none of the two HOTAIR polymorphisms (rs12826786 T>C, rs1899663A>C) has any significant association with the increased risk of lung cancer in any type of inheritance genetic models. However, our research indicated that carriers of Trs12826786/Crs1899663 (ht3) (P = 0.03) had an increased risk of lung cancer susceptibility.
Cytotoxic effect of 2, 5-dimethyl-celecoxib as a structural analog of celecoxib on human colorectal cancer (HT-29) cell line
Authors: Nikanfar Saba , Atari-hajipirloo Somayeh , Kheradmand Fatemeh , Rashedi Jalil , Heydari Amir
Published: July 2018

Dimethyl-celecoxib (DMC), a close derivative of celecoxib (CXB) with a low COX-2 inhibitory function, exhibits signiï¬cant anti-neoplastic properties. In this study, we have investigated the effect of CXB and DMC on the human HT-29 cell line. The cellular viability, caspase-3 activity, and VEGF, NF-ÎºB, and COX-2 genes expressions were assessed respectively with MTT, colorimetric, and real-time RT-PCR methods. DMC, a close analogue of CXB, was more potent in inhibiting the growth of cells (IC50: 23.45 µM at 24 hr) than CXB (IC50: 30.41 µM at 24 hr). Both CXB and DMC caused a significant difference in caspase-3 activity compared to the control group. DMC significantly decreased the NF-ÎºB expression. Down-regulation of the COX-2 mRNA expression in the celecoxib-treated group was significant compared with that in the DMC-treated group. Alterations in the mRNA expression of VEGF were not significant between the groups. Owing to the more potent growth inhibitory effects of DMC compared to that of celecoxib, it may be important to conduct research on the anticancer application of this compound, which can reduce the side effects relating to COX2 inhibition.
Antioxidant capacity and phylogenetic analysis of twenty native grape cultivars in Siirt province, Turkey
Authors: Fidan Mehmet , Erez Mehmet Emre , ć°nal Behcet , Pinar Süleyman Mesut , Altintaş Serdar
Published: July 2018

The quality of grape cultivars not only depends on the grape cultivar but also is influenced by the molecular concepts and agro-climatic factors. For this purpose, four different grape cultivars were collected from five different locations in Siirt province (Turkey). Totally twenty different grape cultivars were investigated. In the present study, the antioxidant activity (total phenolic, flavonoid, proanthocyanidin content, DPPH and FRAP activity) in seeds were indicated and phylogenetic analysis (cpDNA;trnL-F region) of twenty native grape cultivars were investigated to construct their phylogenetic tree. According to reported data on antioxidant activity and content of phytochemicals, all cultivars exhibited different values from each other, but Rutik and Gadüv cultivars were found as significantly higher in comparison to others. According to bioinformatics analysis, twenty grape cultivars were distributed into six different major groups. Rutik and Sevkeye cultivars exhibit significant distinction from other grape cultivars. The phylogenetic analysis was also associated and supported with the results of obtained data from bioactivity. The bioactivity and phylogenetic analysis were firstly identified and quantified in these grape cultivars, however, with regard to obtained data from the current study, the grape cultivars grown in Siirt province were indicated significant and valuable results and as a result, these cultivars have to be evaluated before extinction.
Purification and properties of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) from Tamarix aphylla L.
Authors: Hamzah Nazar Abdulameer , Raheif Eman Salman
Published: July 2018

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the Tamarix aphylla leaves were detected at optimum conditions that collected in April, May and June. Results indicated the specific activity in the crude extract reaching to 36.76 unit/ mg protein. Crude SOD was purified by several techniques, precipitation with ammonium sulfate (50–75) %, Ion exchange chromatography using DEAE-cellulose and two steps of size exclusion chromatography on sephacryl S-200 column. The obtained specific activity (310 unit/mg protein) and purification fold 7.91. The purified enzyme revealed one band by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with molecular mass 85.703 kDa. while 89.125 kDa by Sephacryl S-200. The optimal pH and temperature for enzyme activity were 7.5, and 50ºC respectively. EDTA, SDS and NaN3 reduced activity, contrariwise of H2O2 and KCN, pointed to the studied SOD is MnSOD. Michalis constant Km and maximum velocity Vmax values were 0.016 mM and 55.86 mM/min, respectively by using Pyrogallol as substrate. According to the results, we conclude Tamarix aphylla produce MnSOD which can have purified by serial purification techniques for better activity and characterized for further studies.
ROS related enzyme levels and its association to molecular signaling pathway in the development of head and neck cancer
Authors: Iplik Elif Sinem , Ertugrul Baris , Candan Gonca , Pamuk Saim , Aydemir Levent , Celik Mehmet , Ulusan Murat , Ergen Arzu , Cakmakoglu Bedia
Published: July 2018

Given the prevalence and annual incidence of cancer, head and neck cancer is affecting more than 600,000 people each year. In this research, it was decided to investigate that which genes are involved and how MPO, NQO1, SOD2 enzyme levels effective to develop of head and neck cancer and for the first time at the tissue level. 35 tumor tissues in all head and neck anatomy and their surrounding tissue (70 in total) were enclosed the research that received surgery. Determination of the apoptosis genes expression levels (Mtch1, Akt1, Caspase3, Caspase9, Bcl2, Mdm2, mTOR) were determined by RT-PCR techniques and the same patients' sample used for ROS associated oxidant-antioxidant system by using MPO, NQO1, SOD2 enzyme levels using ELISA method. According to statistical results, caspase 9 gene was found statistically high expressed in early stage in contrast to late stage (p=0,013). Level of SOD2, NQO1 and MPO was determined and only MPO level was found significantly important on tumor tissues p=0,008).  Specially, our findings for high expression of Cas9 on early stage were thought to be the target for treatment with its well-known initiator role of the apoptosis. Our results suggest that the higher level of MPO in tumor tissues and indicates that it has some role on pathology of head and neck cancers. We believe that, our research will lead the proposal in-vivo studies and will open new areas on therapeutic targets.
Antibacterial potential of Saussurea obvallata petroleum ether extract: A spiritually revered medicinal plant
Authors: Mishra Abhay P , Saklani Sarla , Sharifi-Rad Mehdi , Iriti Marcello , Salehi Bahare , Maurya Vineet Kumar , Rauf Abdur , Milella Luigi , Rajabi Sadegh , Baghalpour Navid , Sharifi-Rad Javad
Published: July 2018

Uttarakhand Himalayan region holds Asteraceae or Compositae as the largest family of flowering, medicinal and aromatic plants. Species belonging to this family rises from low altitude to the alpine region. Among Asteraceae, Saussurea obvallata (DC.) Edgew. is widely used in several indigenous systems of medicine. Flowers, leaves and rhizomes of S. obvallata are used for several traditional, religious, therapeutic and ornamental purposes. Aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition and antibacterial efficacy of petroleum ether extract (PEE) of S. obvallata. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used for identifying phytochemicals present in the plant extract. Furthermore, the PEE was assessed for in-vitro antibacterial activity against selected Gram positive and negative strains. Structure of squalene and Î±-linolenic acid methyl ester were identified in PEE by GC-MS analysis, by comparing the results obtained with NIST library and literature reports. PEE exhibited significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis with IC50 value of 87.2 ± 1.6, 98.4 ± 1.1 and 90.2 ± 1.8 µg/ml, respectively. These results showed that squalene and Î±-linolenic acid derivative identified in S. obvallata may be responsible for the observed antibacterial activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report focused on the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of S. obvallata.
Antibacterial activity of some Lamiaceae species against Staphylococcus aureus in yoghurt-based drink (Doogh)
Authors: Abdolshahi Anna , Naybandi-Atashi Sahar , Heydari-Majd Mojtaba , Salehi Bahare , Kobarfard Farzad , Ayatollahi Seyed Abdulmajid , Ata Athar , Tabanelli Giulia , Sharifi-Rad Mehdi , Montanari Chiara , Iriti Marcello , Sharifi-Rad Javad
Published: July 2018

Doogh is a dairy drinkable fermented product, whose shelf-life and quality is mostly affected by bacteria such as Staphylococcus spp.. This study investigated the antibacterial activity of essential oils (EOs) from Thymus vulgaris L., Mentha piperita L. and Ziziphora tenuior L., alone or in combination, against Staphylococcus aureus in industrial doogh. A three-level and three-variable face centered central composite design experiment was used. Results showed that EOs significantly inhibited S. aureus growth after 1 and 7 days of storage. According to the model, the maximum inhibition was obtained in the presence of 0.2% of EO, independently of the type, and no synergistic or additive effects were observed. Slightly lower S. aureus survivals were observed at the maximum concentration of Z. tenuior EO. In spite of the antimicrobial activity of these EOs, further research is needed to assess their performance in food matrix and, in particular, in dairy product.
Pulicaria vulgaris Gaertn. essential oil: an alternative or complementary treatment for Leishmaniasis
Authors: Sharifi-Rad Mehdi , Salehi Bahar , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Setzer William N , Iriti Marcello
Published: July 2018

Leishmaniasis is a neglected parasitic protozoal disease that affects approximately 12 million people and represents a public health problem in Iran. The objectives of this study were to obtain the essential oil (EO) from Pulicaria vulgaris Gaertn. growing in Iran and to carry out in-vitro antileishmanial screening of the EO against promastigotes of Leishmania major and Leishmania infantum. The EO from the aerial parts of P. vulgaris was extracted by hydrodistillation. Serial dilutions of the EO were screened for in-vitro antileishmanial activity using 96-well microtiter plates. The P. vulgaris EO was active against the promastigote forms of L. major and L. infantum, with IC50 values of 244.70 and 233.65 µg/mL, respectively. Pulicaria vulgaris EO may serve as an alternative or complementary treatment for leishmaniasis.
Satyrium nepalense, a high altitude medicinal orchid of Indian Himalayan region: chemical profile and biological activities of tuber extracts
Authors: Mishra Abhay P , Saklani Sarla , Salehi Bahare , Parcha Versha , Sharifi-Rad Mehdi , Milella Luigi , Iriti Marcello , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Srivastava Manjoosha
Published: July 2018

The present study investigated antioxidant and antibacterial activities of 5 different extracts and derived fractions from the S. nepalense tubers. Identification of the most active fractions, their phytochemical characterization, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and biological activities were also evaluated. Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, water extracts and methanol fractions were screened for their antibacterial activity at 10, 50 and 100 mg/mL doses against ten Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains by disc diffusion method. Their total antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH and ABTS assays. Identification of the main compounds was performed by LC-MS/MS. Methanol extract exhibited the highest antioxidant (IC50= 30.79 µg/mL and 24.53 µg/mL for DPPH and ABTS, respectively) and antibacterial (MIC 71.5 to >100 µg/mL) activities in comparison with the other extracts. Levels of phenolics and flavonoids were also the highest in the same extract, i.e. 19.2 mg GAE/g and 11.20 mg QE/g, respectively. Phytochemical investigation of the active fractions of the methanol extract led to the isolation of gallic acid (19.04 mg/g) and quercetin (23.4 mg/g). Therefore, methanol extract showed an interesting potential for both antioxidant and antibacterial activities, thus deserving attention for future applications in the fields of medicinal plants and food supplements.
Susceptibility of Leishmania major to Veronica persica Poir. extracts - In vitro and in vivo assays
Authors: Sharifi-Rad Javad , Roointan Amir , Setzer William N , Sharifi-Rad Mehdi , Iriti Marcello , Salehi Bahare
Published: July 2018

Leishmania major is an intracellular parasite generally responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), one of the most encountered skin diseases especially in Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia. Current treatment options are not ideal, due to unwanted side effects and increasing resistance and availability is often limited in developing countries. Medicinal plants continue to attract attention because of their beneficial effects in the prevention or/and accelerating the healing process of various diseases. In this study, in vitro and in vivo susceptibility of L. major to Veronica persica Poir. extract, a medicinal plant with many applications, has been evaluated. Antileishmanial activity of plant extract was investigated both on cultured L. major promastigotes and in mice challenged with L. major. Animals were divided into three groups including control (without any treatment), test (treated with plant extract) and glucantime (the reference drug) treated groups. After treatments, skin lesion sizes and body weights of animals were checked during 4 weeks. The potential of the plant extract in decreasing the number of parasites in spleen cells of animals as well as inducing the nitric oxide (NO) production by macrophage cells was also investigated. In vitro tests showed that the plant extract was able to reduce the survival time of promastigotes in a concentration-dependent manner. In vivo experiments also revealed a significant influence of V. persica extracts on accelerating the healing process as well as reducing the overall disease burden in animal model by inducing NO production in macrophage cells. Our findings indicated the promising potential of V. persica extract as an ideal candidate in the treatment of CL caused by L. major.
Global Comics
Authors: Kelp-Stebbins Katherine
Published: July 2018

This article examines the critical reception of works by comic artists Zeina Abirached and Marjane Satrapi, and specifically articulations of likeness and contrast between them. Surveying the frequent comparisons of Abirached's A Game for Swallows (2007, 2012) to Satrapi's Persepolis (2000–2004) provides a methodological framework by which to reconsider the cultural and capital economies of world literature and global comics. This analysis is guided by questions regarding global comics as an emergent textual form that complicates world literature as a system of cultural recognition. What role does the emphasis on these two women authors as Middle Easterners play in the reception of their books in Europe and the United States? How do transnational literatures capitulate to (neo)imperial projects? How do comics, by introducing new criteria for literary assessment, compel us to radically remap the location of culture?
Wonder Woman for President
Authors: Smith Philip
Published: July 2018

In 2016 Wonder Woman served, briefly, as an honorary UN ambassador. Her appointment was met with protest and a petition that argued, among other complaints, that Wonder Woman's sexualized appearance made her unsuitable as a representative of the UN. This paper seeks to argue the contrary. It charts the use of the character as a political figure, both on and off the page, noting that her role as UN ambassador has significant historical precedent. While recognizing the often problematic representation of women in many iterations of the superhero genre, this paper also seeks to understand complaints over Wonder Woman's mode of dress in the context of arguments that have historically been used to bar women's entry into politics.
Molecular underpinnings of enzalutamide resistance
Authors: Prekovic S , Van den Broeck T , Linder S , van Royen M E , Houtsmuller A B , Handle F , Joniau S , Zwart W , Claessens F
Published: July 2018

Prostate cancer (PCa) is among the most common adult malignancies, and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men. As PCa is hormone dependent, blockade of the androgen receptor (AR) signaling is an effective therapeutic strategy for men with advanced metastatic disease. The discovery of enzalutamide, a compound that effectively blocks the AR axis and its clinical application has led to a significant improvement in survival time. However, the effect of enzalutamide is not permanent, and resistance to treatment ultimately leads to development of lethal disease, for which there currently is no cure. This review will focus on the molecular underpinnings of enzalutamide resistance, bridging the gap between the preclinical and clinical research on novel therapeutic strategies for combating this lethal stage of prostate cancer.
Management of occupational noise induced hearing loss in the mining sector in South Africa: Where are the audiologists?
Authors: Moroe Nomfundo , Khoza-Shangase Katijah
Published: July 2018

Objective

This study was conducted to explore the scope of practice for occupational audiologists in the mining industry and the audiologists’ involvement in hearing conservation programmes in South African mines. Additionally, this study investigated the mining industry’s role in the audiologists’ involvement, and assessed the audiologists’ levels of preparedness for working in occupational audiology.

Methods

In-depth, qualitative telephone and face-to face interviews were conducted with seven occupational audiologists involved in the management of occupational, noise-induced hearing loss (ONIHL) in the South African mining sector. Snowball sampling was utilized to recruit possible participants for this study. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results

The following themes were identified: scope-context misalignment, juniorization of the experts, audiologists are important… but for what?, and limited training in occupational audiology.

Conclusions

Our evidence highlights important gaps in HCPs in South Africa. The fact that the audiologists responsible for the management of ONIHL are only minimally and peripherally involved may play a significant role in the lack of progress reported in the management of ONIHL in the South African mining sector.
Language Interaction Among EFL Primary Learners and Their Teacher Through Collaborative Task-Based Learning
Authors: Suárez Ramírez Ingrid Rocío , Rodríguez Sandra Milena
Published: July 2018

This article focuses on research carried out in a private school in Bogotá with a group of English as a foreign language fourth-graders. The study aimed to analyze interaction in the English classroom through action research, based on tasks that promoted collaborative work and involvement of the students and their teacher. The instruments to collect data were video recordings and artefacts from the students’ tasks in the classroom. The analysis of classroom interaction involved the steps of conversational analysis stated by Seedhouse (2004). The study allowed the description of unexpected patterns of interactions among students and their teacher, which revealed changes in the classroom dynamic as a result of the action research plan.
Self and Peer Correction to Improve College Students’ Writing Skills
Authors: Ramírez Balderas Iraís , Guillén Cuamatzi Patricia María
Published: July 2018

This paper describes college students’ writing development process during their foreign language classes throughout a semester. Self and peer correction were implemented to promote error awareness along with the use of an error code and error log in a fifth semester class. The results show that both strategies benefited students’ writing skills and self-awareness which in turn produced, among other outcomes, the development of critical self-assessment of their writing and responsibility for their own learning. This study highlights the importance of allocating class time for continuous training to allow students to systematize their writing practices.
Microorganismos marinos extremófilos con potencial en bioprospección
Authors: Velásquez Emiliani Anyela Vanessa , Quintero De La Hoz Marynés , Jiménez Vergara Eylin Yaidith , Blandón García Lina Marcela , Gómez León Javier
Published: July 2018

El interés por estudiar los ambientes marinos extremos ha ido creciendo en las últimas dos décadas, motivado principalmente por la búsqueda de microorganismos productores de metabolitos con fines biotecnológicos. En esta revisión se presentan las fuentes de aislamiento de microorganismos extremófilos en ambientes marinos y costeros alrededor del mundo y las moléculas aisladas de estos que han mostrado una apreciable importancia biotecnológica, con el fin de reportar la disponibilidad de nichos ambientales con potencial en bioprospección y así favorecer su aprovechamiento. Las investigaciones más representativas incluyen los piezófilos, halófilos, psicrófilos y termófilos, grupos en los que se han identificado nuevas especies y obtenido compuestos con actividad biológica.
La unión hace la fuerza: bases para un pleno desarrollo de la indagación científica en Latinoamérica
Authors: Ibañez-Marti Juan José
Published: July 2018

En un artículo precedente (“La ciencia en Latinoamérica: tendencias y patrones”) se analiza con ciertas herramientas estadísticas sencillas, el estado de la ciencia y, en menor grado, de la tecnología en la región. Partiendo de los resultados obtenidos, en este nuevo artículo se indaga las bondades y debilidades del sistema de “Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación” (CTI), intentando entender los pasos que debieran seguir los países de LA para engancharse al tren de los Estados más prósperos y desarrollados.  La conclusión es clara: por si solos, cada uno de ellos difícilmente podría lograr progresar significativamente en estas materias. Actualmente la CTI depende de contextos económicos y geopolíticos, y demanda esfuerzos colectivos, a no ser que se trate de Estados muy industrializados y extensos como China o EE.UU, por citar tan solo dos ejemplos.                                                                    Con vistas a exponer estos hechos, se explica cómo han logrado salir del ostracismo y mejorar palmariamente sus CIT países latinos europeos como España y Portugal. Su integración en una mancomunidad de países como lo es la Unión Europea (UE), así como una estabilidad democrática dilatada en el tiempo, resultaron imprescindibles. Más aun, el esfuerzo colectivo de la UE demuestra, sin la menor duda, que la integración de todos los países de la región en una Unión Latinoamericana (ULA), con una gobernanza supranacional en diversas materias (y entre ellas la CIT) es el único pilar fundamental que ofrece garantías. Este modo de proceder, aunando esfuerzos, atesora enormes posibilidades para fortalecer LA en todos los sentidos. Los efectos de tal estrategia son explicados con cierto detalle.              Adicionalmente, con vistas a desbrozar un poco el camino, se han desglosado las bondades y debilidades de la CIT en LA (sistemas educativos, cultura digital, problemas de género, producción de patentes, dependencia económica exterior y estratégica de organismos internacionales -FMI, Banco Mundial, etc.-, como también de las inversiones de grandes compañías multinacionales, riesgo de las privatizaciones de centros y actividades previamente Estatales, etc., etc.). Con vistas a encuadrar tal información en un contexto global, se ha escogido como contrapunto la estrategia exitosa (aunque a menudo reprobable respecto a la reducción de desigualdades sociales) que han logrado lanzar el CIT en diversos países del SE asiático.
Medir la situación digital académica: una acción de la gestión del conocimiento
Authors: Vega Omar Antonio
Published: July 2018

La Sociedad(es) de la Información y del Conocimiento se caracterizan por la omnipresencia de las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación (TIC) y el uso intensivo de la información y el conocimiento en los diferentes sectores; sin embargo, es indiscutible la manera en cómo las comunidades se incorporan a ese entorno globalizado y cambiante, aflorando inequidades socioeconómicas y la misma brecha digital. En tales circunstancias, la institución educativa realza su importancia al ser productora de conocimiento y formadora de ciudadanos, exigiéndole identificar sus fortalezas y falencias en su actuar coherente con las exigencias sociales, donde su preparación y aporte, desde los procesos de inclusión digital, son fundamentales. En vista de lo anterior, el presente documento es un aporte a la gestión del conocimiento en el campo académico, mediante dos experiencias de medición de la situación digital en sendas poblaciones, esto es, jóvenes estudiantes de educación media y docentes de educación superior, con el diseño y la aplicación de índices compuestos, que recogen aspectos genéricos del sector TIC y específicos de los grupos poblacionales, útiles para el diseño y la evaluación de iniciativas de inclusión digital.
Os usuários da Informação no arquivo: uma aproximação a seus estudos desde as Ciências da Informação.
Authors: Dorado Santana Yanara , Da Purificação Custódio Garcia Gemima
Published: July 2018

Os estudos de usuários são uma importante ferramenta de gestão, que objectiva identificar o perfil de usuário, suas necessidades informacionais, o grão de satisfação em relação aos serviços oferecidos por uma determinada unidade de informação. A presente investigação trata de uma discussão sobre os estudos de usuários aplicados ao arquivo contemplando uma aproximação com a Ciência da Informação. A pesquisa é uma primeira abordagem teórica ao fenômeno dos estudos de usuários, para numa próxima pesquisa desenvolver uma proposta de estudos de usuários para o Arquivo Nacional de Angola. De igual maneira tem por objetivo, examinar os elementos teóricos conceituais referentes aos estudos de usuários de informação em unidades de informação de arquivo. No presente artigo apresenta-se uma revisão bibliográfica compreendendo aspetos gerais, acerca de usuários da informação, necessidades de informação e estudo de usuários de arquivos. Se faz uma análise de bibliografias pertinentes com o mesmo objecto de estudo, ancorados aos estudos de usuários da informação tendo como foco os usuários de arquivo. Como problema o pergunta de partida define-se cómo é possível pensar em aplicações de estudo de usuários no âmbito da Arquivologia e do arquivo a partir de um diálogo com os pressupostos da Ciência da Informação? São apresentadas conclusões resultado do estudo e análise realizado.
Reflexiones sobre la persona joven como sujeto social en la legislación costarricense
Authors: Ulloa Brenes Gilbert
Published: July 2018

Como una contribución para el debate alrededor de los procesos de subjetivación de las personas jóvenes en la sociedad costarricense contemporánea, el objetivo de este ensayo consiste en discutir sobre la concepción de persona joven como sujeto social y político en dos documentos oficiales de la legislación nacional: la Ley General de la Persona Joven y la Política Pública de la Persona Joven. Para ello se construye una aproximación reflexiva a esos textos que, oficialmente, explicitan una forma de reconocimiento oficial de las subjetividades juveniles en Costa Rica, en el marco de una realidad social tributaria de cierta forma de modernidad constitutiva de los sujetos jóvenes.
Ogros en los malecus: sobre la elección y la responsabilidad en la filosofía antigua malecu
Authors: Solano-Fallas Andrés
Published: July 2018

El artículo tiene por finalidad explicar cómo son abordados los temas de la elección y la responsabilidad, a través de la figura del ogro (muérra), dada la trascendencia moral que implican en la narrativa malecu. En primer lugar, se desarrolla cómo la elección se manifiesta en las relaciones que los ogros mantuvieron con otros grupos de seres (los felinos, los seres humanos, el grupo familiar de los ogros, y los Dioses). En segundo lugar, se procede a tratar la relevancia de la responsabilidad desde dos puntos: desde el agente de las acciones, enfatizando que nadie puede presumir que su actuar no tiene consecuencias; y desde la responsabilidad de terceros, que plantea que los terceros no pueden suponerse ajenos a una situación, por el mero hecho de no ser afectados directos. Cabe señalar que este trabajo se realiza desde un abordaje de la filosofía analítica
Caracterización de la prosa de Tucidides
Authors: Jiménez Vásquez José María
Published: July 2018

Este artículo consiste en un análisis de las características más sobresalientes de la prosa del famoso historiador Tucídides, en el que se analiza las principales características del estilo, morfosintaxis y léxico-fonética utilizados por el autor de la Guerra del Peloponeso, el principal escritor de prosa Ático en antigua, así como su representante más famoso.This article consists of an anlysis of the most outstanding characteristics of the prose of the famous historian Thucydides, in which is discussed the principal features of style, morpho-sintax and lexicophonetics used by the author of the Peloponnesian War, the main prose writer in Ancient Attic, as well as its most famous representative.
La lengua española en la educación costarricense, redefinición
Authors: Sánchez Corrales Victor Manuel
Published: July 2018

La planificación lingüística que se ocupa de la enseñanza del español en Costa Rica se ha basado directamente en los dogmas prescriptivos de la Real Academia Española y, en menor medida, en las aportaciones teóricas de Bello. En este artículo, me propongo un cambio paradigmático y sostengo que la competencia comunicativa basada en la interacción lingüística de los miembros de una comunidad lingüística, en este caso Costa Rica, debe sustituir prescriptivismo como la piedra angular de la enseñanza de la lengua materna en las escuelas. Language planning concerned with the teaching of Spanish in Costa Rica has been based squarely on the prescriptive dogmas of the Royal Spanish Academy and, to a lesser degree, on the theoretical contributions of Bello. In this article, I propose a paradigmatic change and argue that communicative competence based on the linguistic interaction of the members of a speech community, in this case Costa Rica, should replace prescriptivism as the cornerstone of mother-tongue instruction in the schools.
The lost steps of The great Gatsby
Authors: Pacheco Gilda
Published: July 2018

En este artículo se presenta un análisis comparativo de El gran Gatsby de F. Scott Fitzgerald  y Los pasos perdidos de Alejo Carpentier. Al comparar y contrastar personajes, escenarios, imágenes y arquetipos, es posible ver las bases para el fracaso del mito llamado "sueño americano", un tema clásico en la literatura de Estados Unidos,  también se encuentra en la obra del novelista cubano. Dualismo, el individualismo, la búsqueda de la identidad, así como la ambición, la indiferencia y la esperanza son elementos ESENCIALES en ambas obras que conducen al fracaso del mito. Así es como dos regiones diferentes, dos escritores con fondo diferente, la cultura y el entorno, y dos novelas escritas con veinticinco años de diferencia  muestran además el mismo distorsionado sueño corrompido y perdido: un sueño inaccesible e inalcanzable implícito en el título irónico y melancólico del artículo.This articles presents a comparative analysis of F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby and Alejo Carpentier Los pasos perdidos. By comparing and contrasting characters, scenarios, images and archetypes, it is possible to see that the bases for the failure the myth called "the American dream", a classical topics in US. literature, are also found in the work by the Cuban novelist. Dualísm, individualism, the search for identity, as well as ambition, indifference and hope are essential elements in both works which lead to the failure of the myth. That is how two different regions, two writers with different background, culture and setting, and two novels written twenty five years apart show the same distorted, corrupted and lost dream: an inaccessible and unreachable dream implicit in the ironic and melancholic title of the article.
La traducción de Shakespeare en Costa Rica: Estudio comparativo de dos traducciones de El rey Lear
Authors: Salas Chacón Alvaro
Published: July 2018

En este artículo se analiza la obra de dos traducciones costarricenses de Shakespeare, Joaquín Gutiérrez y José B. Acuña, por medio de una comparación de sus traducciones de El rey Lear.This artícle analyzes the work of two Costa Rican translators of Shakespeare, Joaquín Gutiérrez and José B. Acuña, by means of a comparisson of their translations of King Lear.
Grupos portadores de actitudes lingüísticas
Authors: Umaña Aguilar Jeanina
Published: July 2018

Este artículo distingue los puntos de vista de los cinco grupos, no se excluyen mutuamente, que deben ser tenidos en cuenta como portadores y moldeadores de las actitudes lingüísticas. La taxonomía se centra en las actitudes hacia algunas variedades de Inglés y los idiomas minoritarios en los EE.UU.This article distinguishes the points of view of five groups, not mutually exclusive, that need to be taken into consideration as carriers and molders of language attitudes. The taxonomy focuses on attitudes towards some varieties of English and minority languages in the U.S.
Respuesta de la Secretaría de la Academia Costarricense de la Lengua al discurso de don Jézer González Picado
Authors: Sandoval de Fonseca Virginia
Published: July 2018

Me cabe el privilegio de dar la bienvenida al colega don Jézer González Picado. Su discurrir de hoy revela, en primer término, dos prendas que adornan su espíritu: el agradecimiento y la humildad. Lo primero, cuando emocionadamente recuerda haber sido discípulo de Carlos Luis Sáenz, la segunda, al atribuir los juicios que emite en el presente trabajo, al afecto, más que a la habilidad. Así es don Jézer. Por supuesto que no menosprecia del todo su obra, pero tampoco la sobrevalora. Quienes hemos tenido la suerte de trabajar con él, ya como compañeros, ya al cobijo de su jerarquía, sabemos qué de intuiciones brillantes le brotan en el trato crítico-literario con la obra y cómo las sistematiza luego en sus muchos y variados estudios. Testimonios de ello son sus libros, sus artículos, sus conferencias, los prólogos de muchos libros que andan por allí en la República de las Letras, las incontables tesis de grado que han dirigido, tanto de licenciatura como de posgrado.
La teoría del paratexto y el Fray Gerundio de Campazas: La puesta en escena de una retórica de lo liminar
Authors: Chen Sham Jorge
Published: July 2018

Este artículo responde a ciertos puntos de vista de ( isliana ? ) Crítica que no han sido capaces de poner juntos la historia de Fray Gerundio y las constantes interrupciones de la oratoria y la elocuencia en los texto. Todas las respuestas surgen de la observación de que el aprendizaje de Gerundio comienza con una reflexión en el paratexto literario y que dicha reflexión constituye el núcleo del debate sobre la predicación del sacro.
Andanzas, viandanzas, imbricaciones e hibridaciones territoriales y lingüísticas en Cristóbal Nonato de Carlos Fuentes
Authors: Morestin Marc
Published: July 2018

En la novela Cristóbal Nonato de Carlos Fuentes, nos encontramos en un medio ambiente de confusión territorial, ideológica, e incluso racional.México no es más que un recuerdo y los "Estados Unidos" (EE.UU.) han sido dividido en varias repúblicas pequeñas, ampliando la política internacional, el avance hacia la patente agrupación tribal en la sociedad urbana.Varios personajes de la novela reaccionan contra esta pérdida de criterios y de espacio y al tratar de recuperar todo el territorio para hacer sentir su presencia. Su búsqueda constituye una serie de intentos de clarificación dialéctica y territorial. En muchos casos, esta búsqueda lleva a un análisis de hibridismo espacial, lingüística y toponímica. In the novel Cristóbal Nonato by Carlos Fuentes, we find and environment of territorial, ideological, and even rational confusion.Mexico is nothing more than a memory and the "United States" (USA) have split into several small republics, expanding to international politics the advance towards tribal grouping patent in urban society.Several characters in the novel react against this loss of criteria and space and attempt to regain the entire territory and to make it feel their presence. Their search constitutes a series of attempts of dialectic and territorial clarification. In many instances, this search leads to an analysis of spatial, linguistic, and toponymic hybridism.
El modelo lingüístico matemático del género gramatical y su aplicación en la lengua española
Authors: Cosmas Nicolaos
Published: July 2018

Un estudio del género gramatical del español utilizando un modelo algebraico-lingüístico. El modelo matemático utilizado es Solomon Marcus (1967), que también se usó para el griego (1981, 1982).Los datos de entrada son los nombres de los españoles y la salida corresponderá a la definición del género desde cada uno de estos nombres.Además, queremos verificar la validez y las limitaciones de este modelo para el español y establecer posibles diferencias de género entre el Español, las lenguas eslavas, griego y las otras lenguas romances. A study of the grammatical gender of Spanish using an algebraic-linguistic model. The mathematical model used is Solomon Marcus (1967), which was also used for Greek (1981, 1982).The input data are the nouns of Spanish and the output will correspond to the definition of the gender od each one of these nouns.Besides, we want to verify the validity and the limitations of this model for Spanish and to establish possible differences in gender among Spanish, the Slavic languages, Greek and the other Romance languages.
Viaje al reino de los deseos: Aventuras/búsquedas/géneros
Authors: Chaverrri Amalia
Published: July 2018

Desde los años 80, cuando la narrativa de Rafael Angel Herra comienzan a emerger, un momento de ruptura se percibe el proceso de escritura de la novela contemporánea de Costa Rica. Viaje al Reino de los Deseos es la más reciente novela del autor, es un buen ejemplo del carácter innovador de su estilo de ficción. Él abone se hace, ya que este artículo trata de explicar, a través de un análisis de la dinámica de la  interrelación de género a través de las series de ficción dentro de ficciones. Esto nos lleva a la propuesta final (meta) del texto: un mundo de fantasía / locura frente a la búsqueda de la memoria / cordura y sus resultados la zona crepuscular entre la imaginación y la realidad.
Interacción de personas con seres del volcán en: Degünche, un relato mapuche
Authors: Kuramochi Yosuke
Published: July 2018

El autor describe las relaciones que se establecen entre las entidades y las estructuras de una narrativa de la tradición oral mapuche. El artículo incluye la versión mapuche seguido de una traducción palabra por palabra y una traducción libre al español.
"La danza de las trece princesas": Versión guanacasteca de un viejo cuento europeo
Authors: Quirós Rodríguez Juan Santiago
Published: July 2018

Una historia muy popular y tradicional de Guanacaste se analiza de acuerdo a las clasificaciones por tipos y motivos realizados por Antti Aarne y Thompson Stih,respectivamente.
La escatología al servicio de la efectividad política en Crónicas romanas de Alfonso Sastre
Authors: Chen Sham Jorge
Published: July 2018

Bajo el principio rector de que el sacrificio colectivo es necesario para la transformación histórica,  Crónicas Romanas de nuevo actualiza y trae a la memoria la lucha y la resistencia del pueblo Numancia Celta. Su eficacia sociopolítica deriva de un tipo de dialéctica en la que la esperanza escatológica, vinculada con la lucha revolucionaria, se opone y subvierte el proyecto devastador y la degradación del imperialismo.
Reading literary works in a second language: Transaction and interaction
Authors: Sánchez Marta
Published: July 2018

Esta discusión explora cómo lingüística y /o barreras culturales pueden afectar la respuesta estética a un texto literario en lectores competentes a un segundo idioma. A medida que el marco teórico que apoya esta discusión tanto en la teoría del esquema y la teoría transaccional de Rosenblatt se han utilizado. Se sugiere aquí que los lectores de segunda lengua ya poseen esquemas suficiente de la lengua extranjera y la cultura como en la operación con un texto estético. En esta transacción la comprensión de lectura se puede evidenciar.This discussion explores how linguistic and /or cultural barriers can affect the aesthetic response to a literary text in proficient second language readers. As the theoretical frame supporting this discussion both schema theory and Rosenblatt's transactional theory have been used. It is suggested here that second language readers already possess sufficient schemata of the foreign language and culture as to transact with a text aesthetically. In this transaction reading comprehension can be evidenced.
La leyenda de la laguna del volcán Barva
Authors: Chinchilla Sánchez Kattia
Published: July 2018

Este artículo es un análisis simbólico de dos elementos míticos muy frecuentes: el árbol y la serpiente, en la leyenda de la laguna del volcán Barva.This article is a symbolic analysis of two mythical elements very frequent: the tree and the snake, in the legend of the Barva Volcano lagoon.
Fonemas segmentales en el criollo inglés de Limón
Authors: Portilla Chaves Mario
Published: July 2018

En este artículo se propone un nuevo análisis fonémico de los fonemas segmentales del criollo limonense, a diferencia de otros que se han puesto anteriormente. Ofrece una descripción de los fonemas segmentales (vocales y consonantes), la distribución principal de fonemas y de sus principales elementos incluidos. This article proposes a new phonemic analysis of the segmental phonemes of Limonese creole, opposed to other that have been put forth. A description of the segmental phonemes (vowels and consonants), the main phoneme distribution of its main elements are included.
La mostración lingüística: El funcionamiento de la deixis demostrativa en la tradición oral bribri
Authors: Jara Murillo Carla Victoria
Published: July 2018

En este artículo se muestra el sistema de demostrativos del bribri (lengua chibcha de Costa Rica) y cómo este se pone en funcionamiento en la organización discursiva de la narración. Se parte del concepto de deixis como “dimensión semántica mostrativa del lenguaje”, como lo hiciera Gaínza (1975) siguiendo la teoría del lenguaje de Karl Bühler, y se reseña la propuesta funcionalista de Hanks (1992) sobre la deixis para aplicarla en el análisis de Sòrbulu, una historia de la tradición oral bribri.
La mujer-madre de Leopold Sedar Senghor y el matriarcado en la literatura francofona
Authors: Senior Grant Alder
Published: July 2018

El propósito principal de este artículo es analizar la relación que Léopold Sédar Senghour, poeta contemporáneo de Senegal, mantiene con su madre en toda su obra Poemes.The main purpose of this article is to analyze the relationship that Léopold Sédar Senghour, contemporary poet from Senegal, holds with his mother throughout his work Poemes.
Inseguridad lingüística del universitario costarricense
Authors: Solano Rojas Yamilet
Published: July 2018

Este artículo analiza las respuestas de 343 estudiantes universitarios de Costa Rica a la cuestión de si o no hablan español "bien" y por qué. Las justificaciones de sus respuestas a esta pregunta abierta, así como el bajo estatus asignado a los marcadores del discurso de Costa Rica indican que, de hecho, tienen un grado notable de inseguridad lingüística.This article analyzes the responses given by 343 Costa Rican college students to the question of whether or not they speak Spanish "well" and why. The types ofjustifications for their answers to this open question, as well as the low status assigned to markers of Costa Rican speech indicate that, in fact, they have a noticeable degree of Linguistic insecurity.
Los conventos coloniales como espacios liberadores y de creación artística para la mujer
Authors: De Vallbona Rima
Published: July 2018

Uno de los capítulos más apasionantes de la colonia es el relacionado con la vida conventual en las Indias. Para comprender lo que representaron los conventos en aquella sociedad, hay que tener en cuenta que después de la intensa movilidad social que se produjo en los comienzos de la conquista, al igual que en España y en todas las colonias del imperio, en nuestro suelo se impuso un sistema político-social muy cerrado; un sistema de estratificación engañosamente abierto que admitía el dominio de la nobleza señorial para constituirse sobre ella como poder absoluto bajo cuyo control todo funcionaba. Hasta el tan decantado honor hispánico es parte de este engranaje monárquico-señorial. Al estudiar el teatro de la época, José Antonio de Maravall explica que bajo ese sistema político-social absolutista los temas morales sufrían una gran transformación: el de la victoria del hombre sobre sí mismo y sus instintos, dejaba de ser un vencimiento de las malas inclinaciones de la naturaleza humana.
La presencia masculina en los cuentos de Rima de Vallbona
Authors: Gómez-Parham Mary , Hansz Ingrid
Published: July 2018

El título de este trabajo menciona un terna - cómo aparecen los hombres en la obra literariade las mujeres-el cual ha sido tratado con sorprendente negligencia.