bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Studies of the Potential Use of Virtual Reality Systems When Modeling the Lunokhod Controlled Movement on the Centrifuge.
Authors: Dolgov P.P. , Kirshanov V.N. , Irodov E.Yu. , Gavrik I.N. , Korennoy V.S. , Onufrienko Yu.I. , Chudinov A.P. , Ivashchuk O.B. , Belyaev A.N. , Grishina I.A. , Belyavtsev S.N. , Belyaev D.A. , Bulgakov A.V. , Shvetsov V.V. , Kaspransky R.R. , Zaveryukha A.S. , Konovalova I.V. , Sukhochev P.Yu. , Latonov V.V. , Bugriy G.S. , Chertopolokhov V.A.
Published: October 2020

The paper presents results of experimental studies of the potential use of virtual reality tools in the TsF-18 centrifuge’s cabin to simulate control of the Lunokhod by a cosmonaut. The possibility to use the virtual reality tools in the TsF-18 centrifuge’s cabin, operability of these tools and comfort of wearing the virtual reality helmet for an operator were experimentally confirmed. Tests performed confirm the feasibility of controlling the centrifuge’s motion in order to simulate the Lunokhod movement over the difficult lunar surface. Objective experimental data and subjective assessments show that in most tests an operator was able to control the Lunokhod comfortably.
YEREL YÖNETİMLERDE KAMU HİZMETLERİNİN SUNUMUNDA KATILIMCI YÖNETİŞİMİN ROLÜ
Authors: DOĞAN Mahmut , YEŞİLDAL Ali
Published: October 2020

Son yıllarda vatandaşların kent yönetimine katılımını arttırmaya dönük çeşitli çalışmalar söz konusudur. Çünkü kent yönetimine katılım kamu bilincinin arttırılması ve yerel yönetimlere olan güvenin sağlanmasında çok önemlidir. Katılım, insanların beceri ve ilişkilerindeki eksikliklerini gidererek kendilerini daha iyi bir şekilde yönetmelerini sağlar. Katılımın niceliği ve niteliği arttıkça vatandaşların güveni ve yaşam kalitesi de gelişiyor. Yerel kararlara katılım veya karar verme olarak bilinen katılımcı yönetişim, sorunların analizi, stratejilerin geliştirilmesi ve çözümlerin uygulanmasında paydaşların bir organizasyonun tüm düzeylerine katılımını teşvik eder. Yerel yönetimlerde katılımcı yönetişimin başarısı dikkatli planlamaya ve aşamalı bir yaklaşıma bağlıdır. Kamu hizmetlerinin sunumunda yönetişimin rolü bağlamında yerel yönetimlerin etkisini artırma, kamu hizmetleri sağlama, planlama ve yönetme yetkisi ile yerel ekonomik kalkınma temel hususlar olarak görülmektedir. Bunlar, yerel yönetimlerin katılımcı yönetişim ve yenilikçi sürdürülebilir uygulamalar geliştirmesi için stratejik unsurlardır. İnsanların katılımı, yerel yönetimin başarısına ve refahına katkıda bulunan önemli bir faktör olarak kabul edilir. İnsanların yerel yönetime katılımı iyi sonuçlar üretmekle kalmayıp katılımcı yönetişimi daha cazip hale getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, yerel yönetimlerin, katılımcı yönetişim yaklaşımı çerçevesinde; yerel halkın ve sivil toplum işbirliğini teşvik eden, katılımcı bir yönetim anlayışı ile kamu hizmeti sunumundaki rolünün ortaya çıkarılması, geliştirilmesi ve yerleşmesi yönünde adımlar atılması amaçlanmaktadır.
The role of self regulated learning in the covid-19 pandemic era
Authors: Fida Hudaifah
Published: October 2020

Beginning in 2020, the world situation is very alarming with the co-19 pandemic, in the covid-19 pandemic era the order to remain in the house simultaneously would bring more free time for students. Students should be able to take advantage of existing situations with conducive learning activities at home, for this purpose students must have their own strategies that support students. The purpose of writing this article is 1. Analyzing the role of self-regulated learning in the co-pandemic era of 19, 2. To describe the self-regulated learning strategy in the co-pandemic era. Method: reference research type of research, object of self regulared learning research, data validity is done by tringulation of sources and extension of time, data analysis techniques using constant comparison. There are two research results namely 1. Self-regulated learning affects the ability of problem solving, learning outcomes, mathematical connection abilities, self-regulated learning is related to academic procrastination in accelerated learners, and is related to learning achievement. 2. Self-regulated learning strategies during the co-19 pandemic, namely the preparation phase, the implementation stage, and the reflection stage.
Pengaruh Problem Based Learning Disertai Didactical Engineering Terhadap Literasi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Miliyawati Bety
Published: October 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan secara komprehensif tentang pengaruh problem based learning (PBL) disertai didactical engineering (DE) terhadap kemampuan literasi matematis siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen, dengan desain penelitiaan Posttest-Only Design with Nonequivalent Groups. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh siswa kelas VIII pada salah satu SMP Negeri di Kabupaten Subang dengan melibatkan sampel sebanyak 62 siswa yang tersebar dalam dua kelas, yakni kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi butir tes kemampuan literasi matematis dan pedoman observasi kegiatan guru dan siswa. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji t, uji Mann-Whitney, anova dua jalur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor pembelajaran berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan literasi matematis siswa dan tidak terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan kategori KAM.
Pengaruh Latihan Interval Dengan Latihan Fartlek Terhadap Peningkatan VO2Max Pemain Bola Voli
Authors: Kharisma Yudhi , Mubarok M Zakky
Published: October 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini hendak mengkaji mengenai Pengaruh Latihan Interval Dengan Latihan Fartlek Terhadap Peningkatan VO2Max Pemain Bola Voli. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dan menggunakan one group pretest – posttest design sebagai desain penelitian. Serta menggunakan Purposive sampling maka peneliti mengambil sampel dengan berjumlah 20 mahasiswa yang mengikuti UKM bolavoli.. Instrument penelitian ini multistage fitness atau tes lari multi tahap mengacu pada tes pengukuran Ismaryati. Dari kesimpulan analisis menunjukkan nilai  rata-rata dengan menggunakan latihan interval Pre Test sebesar 36.78  dan latihan fartlek sebesar 33.7. untuk hasil Post Test latihan interval sebesar 43.34  dan latihan fartlek sebesar 41.97. Untuk hasil Standar Deviasi ( simpangan baku ) untuk Pre test latihan interval sebesar 9.18  dan latihan fartlek sebesar 6.34. Sementara hasil Post Test latihan interval sebesar 8.99  dan latihan fartlek sebesar 5.33. dan dari hasil penghitungan uji hipotesis atau t hitung < t tabel, yaitu 1.83 < 2.26 maka Ho diterima. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah sama atau “ Homogen “
Penerapan Round Table Berdasarkan Nilai Islami Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa
Authors: Sartika Nenden Suciyati
Published: October 2020

This research aims to develop a Round Table learning model that is cooperative learning based on Islamic values to see an increase in  mathematical critical thinking students skills. The method developed in this research is a quasi experimental method. The result of this research is that by applying the Round Table learning model based on Islamic values, mathematical thinking students skills can be improved. The development of this Round Table learning model really stimulates students to think criticly.
Electrophysical properties of vanadium oxide films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering
Authors: Nguen T. D. , Zanko A. I. , Golosov D. A. , Zavadski S. M. , Melnikov S. N. , Kolos V. V.
Published: October 2020

The aim of this work was to study the effect of the gas composition during sputtering on the electrophysical properties of vanadium oxide films deposited by pulsed reactive magnetron sputtering of a vanadium target in an Ar/O2 medium of working gases.

The dependences of the magnetron discharge voltage, deposition rate, resistivity, temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), and the band gap of vanadium oxide films on the oxygen concentration in the gas mixture are obtained. It was found that amorphous films of vanadium oxide are formed during reactive magnetron sputtering. It is shown that the properties of the deposited vanadium oxide films have a strong dependence on the oxygen concentration in the Ar/O2 gas mixture, which is associated with the formation of a mixture of various intermediate vanadium oxides in the film. It was found that from the point of view of using vanadium oxide films as thermosensitive layers of microbolometers, the films must be deposited at oxygen concentrations in the gas mixture of 17 to 25 %. At the given oxygen concentrations without heating the substrates, vanadium oxide films with a resistivity (0.6–4.0)·10-2 Ohm·m, TCR 2.2–2.3%/°C and a band gap for direct transitions of 3.7–3.78 eV. The obtained characteristics make it possible to use these films as thermosensitive layers of microbolometers.
LOUDNESS OF SOUNDS OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCY AND INTENSITY: THE GENERALIZED WEBER LAW FOR HEARING
Authors: Ovchinnikov EL L
Published: October 2020

Aim - rigorous scientificand theoretical substantiation of the Weber law for determination of loudness of sounds of different frequency and intensity. Objects and methods. E.H. Weber's experimental results on subjective perception of objectively measured parameters of external irritants, their theoretical substantiation for sounds of the standard frequency 1 kHz, biophysical and biomathematical modeling of loudness of sounds with different parameters. Results. The Weber law by author for determination of loudness of sounds of different frequency and intensity is evidence based.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE CITIES OF SAMARA AND PENZA
Authors: Berezin II I , Sazonova OV V , Gavryushin MYu Yu
Published: October 2020

Aim - definition of modern features of growth and development of children from Samara and Penza. Material and methods. Anthropometric researches (length and body mass, circumference of the chest, waist and hips) of children from Samara and Penza at the age of 7-17 years were held. 2784 healthy and almost healthy children (I and II health groups) joined the survey group: 1397 children from Samara and 1387 children from Penza. The obtained data of the average values of anthropometric characteristics of children from Penza were compared with the results of the research of the corresponding sex and age groups of schoolchildren from Samara. The statistical processing of the obtained data was made with the help of the software package SPSS 21. Results. Children from Penza in primary and middle school levels have reliably higher values of the measures of the length and body mass in comparison with the parameters of their peers from Samara. Boys from Penza in all age groups (except 12 years old boys) and girls in middle (11-14 years) and senior (15-17 years) school levels have reliably higher values of the measures of chest circumference in comparison with the parameters of their peers from Samara. Waist circumference ofboys from Penza has reliably higher values in age groups of 7, 10, 11, 13-17 years. At the same time, significant differences in the values of waist circumference of girls from Penza and Samara were not revealed. Schoolchildren from Penza in the boys’ age groups of 7-11, 13 years and girls’ age groups of 7-14 years have reliably higher values of the measures of the circumference of hips in comparison with the corresponding groups of schoolchildren from Samara. Conclusion. Revealed significant differences of anthropometric data can serve as the evidence of inhomogeneous influence of such factors as living conditions and lifestyle, environment, and educational process on the growth and development of schoolchildren from Samara and Penza.
COMPARATIVE ASPECTS OF REGENERATIVE POTENCY OF SPHINCTER CERVICAL TISSUES IN RATS WITH CANALIS CERVICIS UTERI TRACTION UNDER EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Grigoryeva YuV V , Suvorova GN N , Renz NA A , Bormotov AV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - to study the reparative regeneration processes after experimental gradual traction of cervix uteri in rats. Materials and methods. The object of the study is the cervix at the sphincter. We performed gradual traction of cervix uteri in 25 rats under aether anesthesia and gathered the samples.We analyzed the course of reparative regeneration and performed sampling after 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 21 and 30 days. We carried out complex morphological examination with optical and transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. The immunohistochemical examination of cervical tissues was performed using a set of monoclonal antibodies to а-smooth muscle actin. Results. It was determined that cervical traction formed three distinguishable zones: the zone of damage, the periwound zone and the zone of morphological integrity. The zone of damage corresponds to the actual sphincter and the periwound zone - to pre- and postsphincteral compartments. Several myocytes undergo necrosis in the damage zone. There is no necrosis in the periwound area, but we found some abnormality of intercellular contacts due to the change of the morphology of intercellular substance. The experimental traction causes the development of local septic inflammation, affecting all the layers. The synthesis of fibrous connective tissue components starts in the proliferative phase. It leads to restructuring of histoarchitecture and disruption of the functional syncytium structure. Conclusion. Post-traumatic regeneration is performed by changing the phenotype of survived myocytes from mantle to mantle-synthetic myocytes with synthesis of the fiber component of the intercellular substance. Also, there is an incomplete mitosis in several myocytes, which leads to the formation of binuclear or polyploid cells.
CHANGES IN PATTERNS OF SENSORIMOTOR EEG RHYTHMS DURING MOTOR IMAGERY
Authors: Pyatin VF F , Kolsanov AV V , Segreeva MS S , Korovina ES S , Zakharov AV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - the determination of common and individual characteristics in patterns of sensorimotor rhythms of EEG during motor imagery in upper and lower limbs. Materials and methods. 20 right-handed students of Samara State Medical University at the age of 18-20 years took part in the investigation, signing informed consent. Monopolar EEG was recorded with the use of 128-channel EEG recording system (BP-010302 BrainАmpStandart 128) at rest and during the imagining of monovector movements in 4 limbs (bending fingers of the right hand, bending fingers of the left hand, dorsiflexion of the right foot, dorsiflexion of the left foot); and during the imagining of triple-vector movements in the dominant hand (fingers bending, elbow flexion, wrist rotation). The following programs and methods were used during the processing of EEG: MatLab, IBM SPSS Statistics 22, ICA (independent component analysis), CSP (Common Spatial Pattern), LORETA. Results. It was found out that alpha2- and beta2- EEG frequency bands are highly significant for the formation of contralateral activation focus during motor imagery in the 4 limbs. ERD / ERS of the EEG rhythms were more pronounced during imagining movements in the dominant limbs (right hand, right leg) than in non-dominant.We found individuality of responses of sensorimotor EEG rhythms in addition to the general trends of EEG changes during imagination of one-type movement in the 4 limbs. The significance of changes in the power of EEG sensorimotor rhythms for differentiating 3 degrees of freedom during motor imagery in one limb was not found. Conclusion. Event-related desynchronization/synchro-nization(ERD/ERS) of sensorimotor EEG rhythms related to motor imagery has individual characteristics and their classification will lead to the significant increase of the number of degrees of freedom in creation and implementation of BCI.
DENTITION IN PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT OF MALOCCLUSION CLASS III
Authors: Postnikov MA A , Stepanov GV V , Uljanova LG G
Published: October 2020

Many scientists were engaged in the study of dentition anthropometry in patients before and after orthodontic treatment. The most common orthodontic device for the treatment of malocclusion class III is a regulator of Frenkel type III. We have proposed a new orthodontic device for the treatment of patients with malocclusion class III and premature removal of temporary molars. Aim - to compare changes of dentitions in children aged 6-12 before and after orthodontic treatment of malocclusion class III using the device of own design and regulator of Frenkel type III. Materials and methods. 110 patients at the age of 6-12 years with malocclusion class III were treated with the use of removable orthodontic curative devices. Anthropometry of dentitions was conducted before and after the treatment. Results. After applying the new diagnostic and treatment algorithm, the duration of orthodontic treatment of patients with malocclusion class III reduced by 1.3 times. The children's quality of life have improved after orthodontic treatment. Conclusion. In case of children aged 6-12 years with malocclusion class III associated with premature removal of temporary molars, it is necessary to use the device of our design. This will give the opportunity not only to fix the dento-facial abnormality, but also to restore the functions of chewing, swallowing and speech.
MRI IN DIAGNOSIS OF CRANIOMANDIBULAR DYSFUNCTIONS
Authors: Tokarevich IV V , Piskun DV V , Ilyina TV V
Published: October 2020

Visualization of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is constantly evolving with the improvement of technology. Magnetic resonance imaging is commonly used to evaluate the TMJ due to the high contrast resolution and the ability to obtain dynamic images to demonstrate the functional capability of the joint. Aim - to determine the functional changes after TMJ splint therapy conducted at various stages of intra-articular disorders. Data and methods. We conducted a survey, clinical examination and MRI of TMJ of 37 patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Two groups of patients were formed according to the received MR picture of TMJ. Results. The study highlighted that regression of pain in TMJ and masticatory muscles, and normalization of functional parameters after splint rehabilitation occur more often in the first group of patients, who have disorders of the articular disc of the TMJ. Conclusion. In both groups of patients we noted positive dynamics of functional parameters of TMJ, reduction of pain in TMJ and masticatory muscles. Though 36,8% of the second group of patients, who have bone remodeling of TMJ condyles, didn’t show dynamics of functional parameters. Consequently, the use of splint in one third of patients with temporomandibular joint condyles destruction is effective for TMJ and muscular pain reduction.
MODERN VIEW OF THE COMBINED USE OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND GLASS IONOMER CEMENT
Authors: Azizov AN N , Gilmiyarov EM M
Published: October 2020

The adhesion of resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) to composite resin plays a very important role in the durability of sandwich restorations. Aim - to explore that co-curing RMGIC and composite resin to GIC using self-etch adhesives and bulk-fill materials may create a chemical bond and improve the bond strengths between these two materials. Materials and methods. Twenty specimens were prepared on gypsum blocks, with wells prepared in them by drilling holes, to retain the RMGIC. The specimens were randomly divided into two groups of 10 specimens each. In group I, after etching and rinsing the surface of cement, a thin layer of an adhesive, which was a Total-Etch type, was applied between RMGIC and the composite resin. In group II, the stage of etching was missed, a Self-Etch adhesive and a thin layer of bulk fill material were applied on the cement surface. Then after curing all the specimens, the shear bond strength was measured using a Bisco Shear bond testing machine. Failure mode was assessed under a stereomicroscope. Results. There were statistically significant differences in bond strengths between the groups (P< 0.05). Failures were predominantly of the cohesive type in all the groups. Conclusion. Based on the results of this study, the use of self-etch adhesive resin on the unset glass-ionomer and using bulk-fill material yielded the highest bond strength in the combined use of glass-ionomer cement and composite material.
EVALUATION OF Nd:YAG LASER IMPACT ON PARODENTIUM TISSUES
Authors: Kirillova VP P , Vyrmaskin SI I , Lobanov AA A , Trunin DA A , Fedorina TA A , Afanasiev VV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - improving the method of laser therapy in complex treatment of periodontal diseases. Materials and methods. By using methods of light microscopy and morphometry, the dynamics of morphological changes in gum tissues after the traditional open curettage treatment of periodontal pockets by neodymium laser (Nd:YAG, 1064 nm) have been studied. Results. Angenesis was achieved after laser treatment. Conclusion: Morphological picture of gum tissues after complex treatment of periodontal diseases with the use of neodymium laser (Nd:YAG, 1064 nm) conformed to the normal structure of the mucous membrane without distinct signs of inflammation.
TONGUE CANCER SURGERY EVOLUTION, NEW TECHNOLOGIES, REHABILATION AND QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: Pismennyy IV V , Arhipov VD D , Pismennyy VI I
Published: October 2020

In this article we conducted an analysis of methods and results of surgical treatment of tongue cancer for the time period of 30 years. Different technologies of surgical treatment of tongue cancer, both with and without the reconstructive operation, were used during the analyzed period. Aim - to improve the oncological and functional results of surgical treatment of the tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Within the few decades, the ideology of tongue cancer treatment has changed from simple resection to enhanced combined operation with one-stage reconstruction. Materials and methods. The unprecedented in its positive qualities and set of benefits operation was developed, with use of skin flap from the anterior surface of the neck, including the infrahyoid muscles, at different extents of resection or complete removal of the tongue. Conclusion. The positive functional and aesthetic results of surgical treatment of tongue cancer with high oncological reliability were obtained.
MECHANISMS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN THE CIRCADIAN SYSTEM, EEG RHYTHMS AND REGULATION OF VEGETATIVE PROCESSES
Authors: Romanhuk N P , Tyurin N L , Borisova O V , Loginova L N , Kirasirova L A
Published: October 2020

Aim - to investigate the dynamics of EEG rhythms and vegetative responses in human on a short-term exposure of the retina to the blue light in the spectrum of maximum sensitivity of circadian photoreceptors during daytime wake. Materials and methods. EEG parameters (BP-010302 BrainАmp Standart128), blood pressure and heart rate variability (HRV) were recorded at 22 volunteer students aged 18-20 years before, after and during the 2-5 minute stimulation of circadian retinal receptors by blue light with maximum wavelength of 480 nm. Results. The stimulation of the photoreceptors of the circadian system correlates with the dynamics of the following neurovegetative processes: desynchronization in beta2- and gamma EEG rhythms, synchronization in teta2- and alpha1-frequency bands; increase in the duration of RR interval and power of low-frequency component of HRV, decrease in the percentage of high-frequency oscillation spectrum of HRV and decrease in systolic blood pressure. Termination of the stimulation of circadian system photoreceptors causes the transformation of EEG rhythms response with predominance of synchronization in low (teta1, teta 2), medium (alpha 1, alpha 2, alfa 3) and high frequency (beta 2) bands. Conclusion. The paper shows the possibility of quick correction of human vegetative background by controlling the circadian system. The human circadian clock is likely to control functional brain activity involving beta 2- and gamma-quantization.
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE OF POST-STROKE REHABILITATION WITH THE USE OF HAND EXOSKELETON CONTROLLED BY BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACE
Authors: Frolov A A , Mokienko O A , Biryukova E V , Bobrov P D , Lukmanov R Kh , Kondur A A , Dzhalagonya I Z
Published: October 2020

Aim - to evaluate the efficiency of the motor recovery rehabilitation procedure with the use of hand exoskeleton controlled by the brain-computer interface (BCI). Materials and methods. 60 post-stroke patients participated in the study. 46 patients had ischemic stroke and 14 had hemorrhagic stroke. 42 patients of the main experimental group were trained in kinesthetic motor imagery using hand exoskeleton controlled by BCI, 18 patients of the control group carried out the imitating procedure. Exoskeleton - BCI system consists of encephalograph NVX52 («Medical Computer Systems», Russia), personal computer and hand exoskeleton («Android Technique», Russia). Motor functions were estimated by neurological scales ARAT and Fugl-Meyer. Results were statistically analyzed by Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and x2 tests, Spearman's correlation and RM-ANOVA using Statsoft Statistica v. 6.0. Results. It is shown that post-stroke patients are able to control BCI with the same efficiency as healthy subjects, regardless of the duration, severity and localization of the disease. Ten days of BCI training significantly improved patients’ motor functions according to neurological scales ARAT and Fugl-Meyer. Improvement was mainly provided by the small movements of the hand. According to several sections of neurological scales, improvement in the main group is significantly higher than in the control group. However, according to general scores, statistically significant difference between two groups was not observed. Conclusion. It is shown that the rehabilitation procedure using hand exsoskeleton controlled by BCI significantly improves motor functions of the paretic arm regardless of the duration, severity and localization of the disease. Increase of the training duration enhances the rehabilitation efficiency.
ROBOTIC SYSTEMS FOR SPECIAL AND MEDICAL INTELLIGENT ASSISTANCE
Authors: Dudorov Е А , Bogdanov А А , Permyakov A F
Published: October 2020

Exoskeletons gradually come to all spheres of human activities - from building houses to sports, from medicine to military usage. Exoskeleton complexes are rapidly developing with the help of 3D printing, microwires, new sources of energy and computing power. Russian developers are actively participating in this process, and their results keep up with the results of their foreign competitors. So these teams have a good chance to become market leaders in exoskeleton technologies for a wide range of applications. Aim. Analysis of condition and determination of the main directions of development of robotic systems for special and medical intelligent assistance. Methods. The study involved a complex of methods of designing of robotic systems and evaluation of their mechanic characteristics and managing principles, such as method of movement modeling, method of managing robotic systems based on biologically suitable principles, method of automatic interaction between robotic device and BCI, method of remote control of robotic systems etc. All these methods helped to develop the best possible models of exoskeleton robotic systems. Conclusion. The key problems of Russian developers of robotic systems for intelligent assistance are the technological dependence on foreign suppliers and a lack of qualified personnel. The most promising directions of development are the development of lower-extremity exoskeleton and specific exoskeleton complexes.
THE PECULIARITIES OF THE IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDERS AT VIBRATION DISEASE
Authors: Babanov SA A , Azovskova TA A , Baraeva RA A
Published: October 2020

Aim - to study the state of cellular immunity and cytokine profile at vibration disease due to exposure to local and general vibration, taking into account the severity of the disease. Assessing the role of immunological changes in the pathogenesis of vibration disease. Material and methods. The study involved 84 patients with various forms and severity of vibration disease due to exposure to local and general vibration. The control group included 30 people who did not have contact with occupational hazards at work and who were recognized as healthy according to a complete physical examination. Diagnosis was based on occupational history, sanitary characteristics of working conditions (work in contact with local or general vibration, the vibration levels excessing maximum acceptable level for more than 15 years), full clinical functional screening and instrumental examination of patients. Methods of immunological study included determination of subpopulations of lymphocytes, levels of cytokines IL-ф, IL-4, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-а) in serum by ELISA. Statistical processing of the data was performed using SPSS software package 21. Results. The study revealed a significant decrease in helper (CD4+) and suppressor (CD8+) subpopulations of lymphocytes, increase of concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-ф, IL-8, TNF-а; reduction in anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 in patients with vibration disease compared with the control group, regardless of the type of vibration, but more pronounced at the second degree of vibration disease due to general vibration. Revealed changes are indicative of the activation of inflammatory processes, violation of immunological reactivity, the presence of cytokine imbalance as the effect of exposure to occupational vibration. Conclusion. The study of the immunological profile (cellular link, cytokine profile) at vibration disease opens up prospects for rehabilitation and treatment of patients with this pathology, and also elaborates our knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease.
STRATIFICATION OF PREGNANT WOMEN AT EARLY GESTATIONAL AGES BY MEANS OF OBJECTIVATION OF "PHYSIOLOGICAL ALTERATION" FACTORS, MECHANISMS OF GESTATIONAL ADAPTATION AND FETOPLACENTAL DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Tezikov Yu V , Lipatov I S , Kalinkina O B , Gogel L Yu , Belokoneva T S , Martynova N V , Zhernakova E V , Yusupova R R , Mingalieva L K
Published: October 2020

Aim - allocation of clinical and pathogenetic variants of early gestosis in pregnant women based on clinical manifestations and markers of leading pathogenetic syndromes of gestational maladjustment. Materials and methods. 45 healthy pregnant women and 160 pregnant women with early morning sickness of varying severity were examined in the 1st trimester of gestation. The comparison group consisted of 33 healthy non-pregnant women. The survey included assessment of clinical symptoms, identification of the markers of inflammatory response, energy balance of reproductive system, functional activity of the endometrium, vascular endothelial and hemostatic disorders, and blood biochemical indices. Results. The study enabled quantitative objectivation of the factors of “physiological damage” and “the mechanisms of gestational adaptation” during physiological gestation, defining fetoplacental dysfunction as the key link of maladjustment in early pregnancy. The prevalence of pathogenetic mechanisms of the formation of early pregnancy toxicosis determined the allocation of 4 clinical-pathogenetic variants of the course of this complication of gestation. Conclusion. Differentiated approach to clinical and laboratory manifestations of early gestosis in pregnant women, taking into account the variants of the clinical course of this complication and severity assessment, enables targeted therapy and predicting the risk of development of severe forms and late obstetric complications, reduces the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes.
CONGENITAL FOOT DEFORMITIES IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN: CLINICAL ASPECTS AND ALGORITHMIC APPROACH IN THE WORK OF PEDIATRICIANS
Authors: Mazur LI I , Kurshina MV V , Scherbitskaya OV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - analysis of the incidence of musculoskeletal system diseases and comorbid pathology in children; development of an algorithm for the rehabilitation of young children with congenital foot deformities for their parents and primary care professionals. Materials and methods. 244 cards of complex rehabilitation in rehabilitation centers of the Samara region for the period from January 2013 to August 2016 were studied. The children were divided into two groups: I group - the core group - included children of senior preschool age who were born between 22-37 weeks of gestation with birth weight of 500-2499 g; group II - control group - included children of preschool age who were born at 38-41 weeks of gestation with birth weight 2500-4500 g. Results. The study revealed the incidence of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in children in rehabilitation centers of the Samara region. The number of children with congenital deformities of the foot was 49.7% in the group of prematurely born children; flatfoot composed 42.3%, which proves the importance of the background condition (prematurity) in the development of congenital diseases of the foot. Multivariate analysis showed that the following factors are statistically significant: infantile cerebral palsy (p = 0.004), varus and valgus foot deformity (p
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES OF OSTEOARTICULAR TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS
Authors: Borodulina EA A , Kolacheva AYu Yu , Kolacheva NV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - to study the features of osteoarticular tuberculosis (OAT) in patients with HIV-infection. Materials and methods. 118 patients with OAT treated by phthisiosurgeon in the TB dispensary in 2014-2016 were examined. Two groups were formed: the 1st group (study group) included 54 patients with HIV/OAT; the 2nd group (comparison group) included 64 patients with OAT without HIV-infection. Results. OAT was diagnosed in HIV patients aged 37-38 years at stage 4 of HIV-infection; pulmonary tuberculosis was detected in 50%, with MDR-TB in 11.1%, in 92.6% tuberculous spondylitis was prevalent, complicated by the formation of abscesses in 75.9%. Conclusion. Patients with HIV/OAT were 1.8 times more frequently detected in fastigium with widespread forms of spinal cord lesions, the process impaired 3 times more often in patients with ART failure and hepatitis C.
INFLUENCE OF MEDICO-SOCIAL RISK FACTORS ON PSYCHOEMOTICAL STATE AND SELF-ESTEEM OF FEMALE PATIENTS OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE WITH TUBERCOLOSIS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Authors: Rusanovskaya GF F , Shprykov AS S , Pavlunin AV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - to study the influence of medical and social risk factors on the psychoemotional state and selfesteem of female patients of reproductive age with tuberculosis of the respiratory system. Material and methods. The main group consisted of 93 women aged 18-44 with tuberculosis of the respiratory system who received treatment in one of the anti-tuberculosis institutions of the Nizhny Novgorod region in 2013. The comparison group consisted of 82 almost healthy women of the corresponding age. To assess the psychoemotional state, we carried out a survey using the SAM test method (state of health, activity, mood); to evaluate personality traits - the test «Self-assessment of the personality» by O.I. Motkov. The questionnaire included additional questions of medical and social nature. Results. It was proven that the presence of unfavorable medical and social risk factors in this category of patients causes a decrease in self-evaluation of the positive aspects of the personality, and has a negative impact on the psychoemotional state of patients, causing poor health (lowest evaluated), low activity, bad mood. In the course of long-term treatment, women feel tired and exhausted. Among the medical and social risk factors that have adverse impact on the psychoemotional state and self-esteem of women, the following factors should be highlighted: low level of education, poor financial situation, lack of awareness about prophylaxis of tuberculosis, intense interpersonal relationships in the family, frequent exposure to stress and rueful feelings, irregularity of the prophylactic chest X-ray examinations, violation of the work-rest regime, dietary regimen and quality of nutrition, the history of tubercular contact and incarceration. Conclusion. The results of the research demonstrate the need for developing and implementation of measures of providing psychological assistance to the female patients of reproductive age with active tuberculosis of the respiratory system, as well as new approaches to the prevention of this disease, based on established psychological risk factors for the emergence of tuberculous process and its recurrence.
SURGICAL TREATMENT AND POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BROAD FOREFOOT
Authors: Rasputin DA A
Published: October 2020

The article considers the problem of broad forefoot, which is one of the most frequent deformities of the musculoskeletal system. Aim - to improve the results of treatment of patients with transverse platypodia by the use of new methods of surgical interventions, and to improve the tactics of postoperative management of such patients. Material and methods. The study involved analysis of the results of treatment of 375 patients. For evaluating the long-term outcomes of treatment, methods of evidence-based medicine were used, reflecting a reduction in the relative risk of interventions and an increase in their relative benefit. Results. The study of the long-term results of treatment showed that there were good and satisfactory outcomes in 92.7% cases (267 patients) and only 7.3% of unsatisfactory results (21 patients) in the main group; in comparison group - 74.7% (65 patients) and 25.3% (22 patients) respectively. The evaluation of the adequacy of anesthesia on the first day after the operation revealed good and satisfactory quality of anesthesia in the first group in 89.9% patients (259), in the second - only in 55.2% patients (48). Conclusion. The use of the above mentioned methods of surgical treatment and enhancement of tactics of postoperative management improve outcomes of patients with transverse flatfoot, and, consequently, are recommended for widespread use in clinical practice.
BIOPHYSICAL BASES OF GENOME ORGANIZATION
Authors: Volobuev AN N , Petrov ES S , Romanchuk NP P
Published: October 2020

Aim - the analysis of nucleotide sequences of DNA molecules and the bases of the information storage with the help of DNA. Material and methods - the study is based on Markov chain theory and Bayesian Information Criterion. Results. Principles of genetic code construction were investigated. Specific nucleotide sequences were analyzed using Markov chain theory; the method of sequencing nucleotide sequences was described. Conclusion. A nucleotide sequence has certain restrictions associated with complementarity of the bases along DNA chain. These restrictions at the level of triplet sequence can be eliminated by degeneracy of the genetic code.
EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN PRETERM INFANTS USING URINARY NGAL BIOMARKER
Authors: Aborin SV V , Pechkurov DV V , Zakharova LI I
Published: October 2020

In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic value of the neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin-2 (NGAL) level in urine as an early marker of renal dysfunction in preterm infants with very low and extremely low body weight. Aim - evaluation of diagnostic and prognostic significance of the urinary NGAL level as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI) in preterm infants. Materials and methods. The study included 104 premature babies, 78 of which formed the main group (AKI), and 26 babies - the comparison group (non-AKI). The main criterion for acute kidney injury in neonates according to neonatal classification AKIN (2011) is creatinine level > 1.5 mg/dL at the age of not earlier than 48 hours after birth. Results. The study identified a statistically significant correlation in the level of NGAL in the urine of children from the main and comparison groups. Conclusion. Biomarkers of kidney damage can give more accurate information than creatinine for the early diagnosis of AKI in children. In a comprehensive assessment of a child, it is necessary to take note of the indicators of renal function (creatinine, GFR) and biomarkers of injury (NGAL). This approach will allow performing the diagnostics and therapy of early AKI in children based on structural and functional criteria.
DIAGNOSTICS OF AUDITORY FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH HERPES VIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Karabaev H E , Nasretdinova M T
Published: October 2020

Aim - to increase the effectiveness of diagnosis in cases of impaired auditory function in persons with herpes virus infection. Materials and methods. Short-latent auditory event-related potentials were studied in 47 patients with auditory function impairment infected with herpes virus. Results. Contamination of the auditory analyzer with the herpes simplex virus type I is characterized by the impairment of the distal and proximal parts of the auditory nerve and cochlear nuclei, and in the presence of cytomegalovirus (both in mono-and mixed combination) the auditory analyzer is damaged at the level of the brainstem - from the upper olivar complex to the lower tubercles of the quadruple.
Residual Risk of Cardiovascular Complications in Case of Adequate Lipid-Lowering Therapy
Authors: Simerzin VV V , Fatenkov OV V , Gagloeva IV V , Galkina MA A , Panisheva YaA A
Published: October 2020

This article is devoted to the problems of residual risk of cardiovascu1ar comp1ications deve1opment for high and very high risk patients under adequate lipid-fowering pharmacotherapy in spite of c^lestera! and tow-density 1ipoproteins target level achievement. Afong with classic risk factors the special atte^ton is given to 1ipoprotein (a) [LP (a)] as the most aggressive factor of cardwvascular system atherosclerotic diseases devetopment and their comp1ications. Great importance is attached to 1ipidopheresis.
Psychological Prophylaxis of Eхogenous Constitutional Obesity of Adolescents with Social Psychological Factors, Taken into Account
Authors: Kireeva TI I
Published: October 2020

Aim - psychological prevention of development of exogenous-constitutional obesity on the basis of the definition of early diagnostic socio-psychological criteria for the risk of obesity in adolescents. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Endocrinology of the Children's City Clinical Hospital No. 1. The sample of the study consisted of 40 adolescents, 20 of whom had a diagnosis of "Exogenous-constitutional obesity", grade 3-4 (the clinical group), while the other 20 adolescents had normal weight (the control group). The following psychodiagnostic methods were used in the study: the test of character accentuation by K. Leonhard, S. Schmieschek, the Dutch food questionnaire, the test "Adolescents about Parents" (ADOR), the method of directed retrospective analysis on "My Relations with Food" topic by V.I. Shebanova. Results. Adolescents with obesity are characterized by high sensitivity, empathy, a tendency for prolonged experience of grievances, suspicion, mistrust, emotional discomfort. In the families of adolescents with obesity, there is a cult of food, which negatively affects the formation of eating behavior. Adolescents with obesity are prone to emotionally dependent eating behavior. The social-psychological risk factors for obesity in adolescents are stuck and emotional character accentuations, low level of restrictive eating behavior, lack of intimacy with the mother, mother’s hostility and domination. Conclusion. Knowledge of the identified factors allows to predict the risk of obesity in adolescents at the early stage of weight gain and to carry out its timely prevention by correcting the characterological features, parent-child relationships and eating style in the family.
The Use of Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation in Combine Treatment of Patients with Liver Bilobar Metastases from Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kaganov OI I , Kozlov SV V , Orlov AE E , Blinov NV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - determination of RFTA place in the combined treatment of bilobar liver metastatic process of colorectal cancer. Materials and methods. 176 patients with colorectal cancer with multiple (more than 4) bilobar liver metastases were included in the study after primary tumor removal. The research was held in Samara Regional Oncology Centre from 2001 to 2014. According to the treatment method patients were divided into two groups. Main group got the combined (chemotherapy + RFTA) treatment (98 patients). In control group only chemotherapy was applied to 78 patients. Results. One-, two- and three-year OS were 73.5%, 25.1%, 7.2% in the main group and 39.6%, 6.3%, 2.1% in the control group. With RFTA application we reached the 1.8% index of four-year survival in the main group, while three-year survival in the control group was only 2.1%. The OS median reached 18 months in the main group and 11 months in the control group, OS curves in two comparing groups were significantly different( log-rank test 3.77, р=0,000). Conclusion. Combination of RFTA with chemotherapy as the treatment of bilobar liver metastases of colorectal cancer, significantly improves the DFS and overall survival indexes, comparing to the group of patients who received only chemotherapy.
MORPHOMETRIC DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF INTESTINAL TUBERCULOSIS AND CROHN’S DISEASE
Authors: Fedorina TA A , Nedugov GV V
Published: October 2020

Intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn’s disease are chronic granulomatous disorders that are difficult to differentiate histologically. Aim - to describe the case of erroneous establishment of Crohn's disease in a patient with intestinal tuberculosis by the results of pathomorphological examination of biopsy specimens of the colon. The absence of anti-tuberculosis therapy led to the progression of the tuberculosis process with the development of tuberculosis of the larynx, lungs and ileum, followed by disability of the patient. Conclusions. The given observation shows the necessity of introduction in the practice of clinical morphologist the morphometric methods of study of endoscopic biopsy specimens, allowing to differentiate between intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn's disease.
REGULATION OF THE EXCRETORY FUNCTION OF THE KIDNEYS BY MEANS OF ADENOSINERGICAL AGENTS
Authors: Zaitceva EN N , Dubishchev AV V , Bazitova AA A
Published: October 2020

Aim - study of the effect of agonist and antagonists of adenosine receptors on the excretory function of the kidneys. Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on white outbread rats. Experimental animals were injected subcutaneously with a pharmacological agent (natrii adenosinetriphosphate, natrii coffeinum-benzoate, euphyllinum, pentoxifylline), control - a similar volume of isotonic sodium chloride solution. All animals received an intra-gastric water load of 3% ofbody weight. The animals were placed in the exchange cells. The portions of urine (4 h and 24 h) were collected. In each sample, the volume, concentration of sodium, potassium and creatinine was determined. Results. A diuretical dose for pentoxifylline 0.7 mg/kg was established. The drug in this dose stimulated the excretory function of the kidneys by increasing the glomerular filtration and inhibiting tubular reabsorption. Consequently, pentoxifylline has a dual mechanism of diuretic action - tubular (similar to the action of furosemide at a threshold dose of 1 mg/kg) and an additional glomerular component. Conclusion. The search for diuretics among adenosine receptor blockers is promising, especially in the line of new selective adenosinergic drugs.
INGROWN TOENAIL - HISTORICAL BACKGROUND, ACTUALITY AND MODERN APPROACHES TO TREATMENT
Authors: Sonis AG G , Stolyarov EA A , Suslin SA A , Alekseev DG G , Bezrukova MA A
Published: October 2020

Aim - to provide an over view of the literature sources and Internet materials about the problem of ingrown toenail - the historical background, immediacy of the problem, diagnosis of this pathology, main traditional and modern approaches to its prevention and treatment. Conclusion. The problem of the ingrown toenail retains its relevance right up to the present days, despite the achievements of medical science and industry, which requires further improvement of methods for the prevention and treatment of this complex disease.