bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Field Recording Approach of Traditional Music Arts for Ruwatan Bumi G20 Culture Performance: A Case Study in West Java
Authors: Simanjuntak Jack Arthur
Published: April 2024

The Ruwatan Bumi ceremony, part of the G20 Culture Ministers Meeting and Indonesia Festival Bertutur 2022, took place at Borobudur Temple, Central Java, in September 2022. Featuring a traditional ruwatan ritual, the event showcased live prayers, songs, and music from diverse Indonesian regions. Recording traditional music, vital for performance and rehearsal, was undertaken through a field recording approach. Beluk, tarawangsa, and Ronggeng Gunung were recorded using stereo and close-range methods. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the study emphasized the significance of mastering recording techniques for informed decision-making. It highlighted the coherence between initial information, field observations, and recording quality in designing the Ruwatan Bumi G20 Culture performance.
Limbah Besi dalam Fotografi Kolase: Perspektif Ecoart
Authors: Laras Ketut Gura Arta
Published: April 2024

Limbah besi merupakan barang bekas yang sudah tidak ada nilai maupun fungsinya, baik
untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga maupun kebutuhan yang lainnya. Limbah besi banyak
ditemukan di berbagai tempat, ada yang masih bisa dijual Kembali, tetapi banyak juga yang
sudah tidak dapat dijual atau digunakan Kembali. Limbah besi menjadi objek dalam penciptaan
karya fotografi, yaitu menciptakan karya seni dengan menggunakan material limbah sehingga
dapat menciptakan visual karya fotografi tiga dimensional dengan menggunakan teknik
kolase. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian berbasis praktik (practice-based research),
sebuah kreatifitas dengan melakukan langkah atau tindakan eksplorasi, yaitu melakukan
pengamatan langsung keberbagai lokasi dan visualisasi dengan melakukan eksperimentasi
dan menggunakan perspektif EcoArt. Penelitian ini menghasilkan karya fotografi dengan
menggunakan barang bekas atau rongsokan sebagai fotografi kolase dengan perspektif EcoArt
yang mempunyai nilai-nilai estetik.

Kata kunci: limbah-besi, fotografi, kolase, dan EcoArt
Searlova filosofická otázka
Authors: Toráčová Pavla
Published: April 2024

Cílem textu je načrtnout ty rysy filosofie Johna Searla, které ji činí objektivním, v jistém smyslu empirickým zkoumáním, jehož předmětem je náš vědomý či mentální život a jeho intencionalita. Searlův přístup k tomuto fenoménu není zcela naturalistický, neboť je pro něj podstatná tzv. perspektiva první osoby. Chápání vědomého života jako přírodního fenoménu se projevuje jiným způsobem: především tak, že chápe intencionalitu jako evolučně rozvrstvenou.
Tažení proti autorovi
Authors: Jacko Tomáš
Published: April 2024

Abstrakt/Abstract:  Ve dvacátém století se nejrůznější společenské vědy musely obecně vyrovnávat s relativizací těch nejzákladnějších konceptů, jako je komunikace, text, význam, bytí nebo realita. Současně se pak začalo nevyhnutelně otřásat i heuristické, intuitivní pojetí autora jako „toho, kdo píše“. Naše pojednání představuje stručný exkurz do moderního teoretického myšlení, které se z tohoto hlediska otázkou autora zabývalo. Zmiňujeme se o Nové kritice, která odmítala pátrání po autorově záměru a usilovala o interpretaci literárního díla jako soběstačné entity. Dále pojednáváme o Rolandu Barthesovi, který prosazoval pojetí díla jakožto součásti textového pole, přičemž otázka autora je pro něho zcela irelevantní. Posléze věnujeme pozornost způsobu, jímž se k autorovi staví Michel Foucault. Ten rozebírá jeho diskurzivní fixaci a táže se, jakou funkci plní koncept, s nímž člověk ve skutečnosti pracuje, když o autorovi hovoří. Závěrem se zaměřujeme na určité prvky kultu osobnosti, které lze na konci dvacátého století i v současnosti v pojetí autora vysledovat. Referenčním rámcem celého pojednání je vztah konceptu autora k představě esenciálního významu literárního textu.   The twentieth century saw a whole range of disciplines within the field of social sciences struggle to come to terms with a relativisation of some of the fundamental concepts of traditional thinking, such as communication, text, meaning, existence, and reality. Inevitably, the heuristic, intuitive notion of the author as "the one who writes" also started to fray around the edges. Our article presents a short overview of some modern theoretical thinking that has tackled the que+stion of the author in this new context. We mention the New Critics, who refused to seek the author's intention and endeavoured to interpret literary works as autonomous entities. We then discuss Roland Barthes and his conception of literary work as part of an indefinite textual field; in this conception Barthes considers the question of an author as entirely irrelevant. Then we focus our attention on how the problem of the author is addressed by Michel Foucault. He treats the author as a concept, explores its discursive implications, and examines the modalities of its functioning. In the final part of the article we focus on certain marks of cult of personality that can be observed in authors at the end of the twentieth century as well as today. As a referential framework for our analysis, we employ the relation between the concept of the author and the essentialist notion of a determinate meaning of a literary text.
Fikční jako opozitum faktuálního?
Authors: Petrišáková Lucie
Published: April 2024

Předkládaný příspěvek reflektuje problematiku spojenou s koncepty fikčního a  faktuálního, a to především z hlediska literárně vědného. Jelikož se však jedná o problém interdisciplinární povahy, nechybí ani filosoficko-logické motivy. Text postupuje od analýzy vztahu mezi fikčními a non-fikčními entitami, k problematice vztahu mezi fikčním a non-fikčním vyprávěním. Zabývá se otázkou možné segregace či sjednocováním jednotlivých typů diskurzu, a to jak na rovině příběhové, kde se jako interpretační prostředek upřednostňují formální nástroje, tak na rovině zkoumající jednotlivé entity. Jeho cílem je zjistit, zda lze za pomoci některého ze zmíněných interpretační nástrojů stanovit, nebo naopak smazat hranice mezi fikcí a non-fikcí, případně zda lze, jak se snažily některé postmoderní přístupy, nahlížet na fikci jako kategorii velmi podobnou historii a naopak.The article reflects issues concerning the concepts of fictional and factual chiefly from the perspective of literary science. However, the discussion incorporates also philosophical and logical motifs, as the topic is interdisciplinary in nature. The text begins with the analysis of relation between fictional and non-fictional entities and then addresses the issue of relation between fictional and non-fictional narrative. In particular, it deals with the question of possible segregation or unification of particular discourse types on the narrative level where formal tools are used as interpretative devices, as well as on the level where particular entities are examined. The aim is to find out if it is possible to define or rather erase the boundaries between fiction and non-fiction using above mentioned devices; eventually, if it is acceptable to perceive fiction as a category which is very close to history and vice versa (certain postmodern approaches allow that).
Dravci mezi vydavateli
Authors: Peregrin Jaroslav
Published: April 2024

Zpráva o tzv. "predatory publishers"
Platón a Popper aneb Kritika jedné slavné kritiky
Authors: Stránský Jiří
Published: April 2024

Cílem této studie je představení základních tezí sociálně-politické filosofie Karla Raimunda Poppera (jak je zachycena zejména v dílech Bída historicismu a Otevřená společnost a její nepřátelé) a dále kritické zhodnocení aplikace těchto tezí při výkladu Platónovy filosofie. Je probíráno zejména Popperovo obvinění Platóna z tzv. „biologického historicismu“, dále jeho označení platónské teorie spravedlnosti jako „totalitní“ a v neposlední řadě jeho interpretace dialogu Ústava jakožto Platónova „politického programu“ určeného k přímé implementaci v praxi vyvoleným filosofem-králem. V druhé polovině této studie je pak nabídnuto alternativní čtení, v němž se Platónova Ústava vyjeví ve zcela odlišném světle, než v jakém ji vidí Popper.
Pragmatistické pojetí hodnotově podmíněného bádání
Authors: Kólová Lucie
Published: April 2024

Cílem článku je ukázat přínos tradičního pragmatismu, a to s ohledem na nutnost vypracování hodnotově podmíněného bádání, jehož východiskem je praxe. V rámci jednání se ukazuje klíčová role zkušenosti, což je aspekt, který je stěžejní pro klasický empirismus, ovšem v kontextu pragmatismu je určujícím způsobem revidován. Z pragmatistického úhlu pohledu je zkušenost, stojící v základu poznání, nahlížena jakožto aktivní proces, během nějž člověk kooperuje s prostředím, které ho obklopuje, čímž neustále získává podněty pro konstituování vlastních přesvědčení, která se navzájem doplňují a podmiňují. Povaha našich přesvědčení, vzešlých z interakce s okolním prostředím, se potom vysvětluje s odkazem k tomu, co činíme a jak následně toto konání interpretujeme. Text se nejprve zaměřuje na hodnotově neutrální koncepci vědeckého bádání, již předložil M. Weber. V opozici k weberovskému projektu jsou poté rozvíjena stanoviska (neo)pragmatismu, jež oscilují kolem holistického aspektu filosofie pragmatismu, jenž vyzdvihuje vzájemné propojení vědeckých teorií a filosofických přesvědčení, usiluje tak o zrušení distinkce panující mezi faktem, teorií a hodnotou či mezi myšlením a zkušeností a ukazuje tak, jakým způsobem lze za přispění pragmatismu překlenout tradiční dichotomie, jež jsou jednak neodlučitelně spjaté s předchozí filosofickou tradicí a které jsou rovněž nadále přítomny v sociologickém paradigmatu M. Webera.
Hans Albert: Kritický racionalismus jako návrh způsobu života
Authors: Paitlová Jitka
Published: April 2024

Tato studie představuje specifické uchopení kritického racionalismu jako návrhu způsobu života. Jeho reminiscence jsou patrné již u Karla Poppera, který se však zaměřoval spíše na problematiku filosofie vědy. Ono specifické pojetí kritického racionalismu jako komplexního návrhu způsobu života rozpracoval až Popperův následovník, německý filosof Hans Albert. Popperovské filosoficko-vědní předpoklady Albert rozvíjí a aplikuje na oblast etiky, ekonomie, politiky a lidského sociálního života vůbec. Vychází přitom především z takzvaného falibilismu, který konstatuje omylnost veškerého lidského myšlení a jednání. Falibilismus je v rámci Albertova kritického racionalismu spojen s takzvanými postuláty realizovatelnosti a kongruence, což souvisí s Albertovým řešením problému dichotomie poznání a rozhodnutí, respektive problému hodnotové neutrality vědy a problému tzv. čisté filosofie. V závěru studie je pak podniknut exkurs do současné vědecké praxe a načrtnuty možnosti kritického racionalismu jako způsobu života.
Rortyho nespoutaná slova
Authors: Mácha Jakub
Published: April 2024

V této kritické studii bych se chtěl zamyslet nad knihou Stefanie Dach Nespoutaná slova. Richard Rorty, post-analytická filosofie a jazykový idealismus (ZČU v Plzni, 2013). V první, deskriptivní části studie shrnu obsah knihy, druhá část mé studie pak bude zaměřena více kriticky. Nakonec bude následovat několik úvah o smyslu debaty mezi jazykovým realismem a idealismem.
Design of a mobile aquatic feeder for Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Arceo-Díaz Santiago , Jaramillo-Martínez Ramón , Gallegos-Ojeda Sebastián , Núñez-Núñez Michelle Anahí , Ramírez-Mota Jessica , Mirelez-Delgado Flabio Dario
Published: April 2024

Today, tilapia farming is a standardized and well-defined process, however, fish farmers do not have the necessary tools to ensure that the process is being carried out properly in terms of portions, especially when it comes to large ponds, feeding the school of fish in them becomes a task that requires time and effort. In this work, a project proposal was developed to help fish farmers with the design and construction of a prototype aquatic mobile automatic feeder that, as its name says, allows feeding the fish by moving around the pond and with the correct ratio. In addition, the design of a human-machine interface was developed so that the operator could control the prototype, including the ability to decide when to release the feed. This project is intended to help facilitate the fish farmer's task of feeding the school of fish using the mechatronic design methodology.
Diseño y validación de un UUV con sistema de visión computacional integrado
Authors: Vázquez-Tzompantzi Marisol , Salgado-Jiménez Tomas , Silva-Morales Bruno Yael
Published: April 2024

Este artículo presenta el diseño y validación de un Vehículo Submarino No Tripulado (siglas en inglés, UUV) equipado con un sistema avanzado de visión por computadora basado en algoritmos de procesamiento de imágenes. El objetivo principal es emplear principios mecatrónicos y tecnologías de vanguardia para desarrollar un UUV capaz de capturar imágenes y datos de telemetría, mejorando la exploración submarina en entornos desafiantes. El algoritmo de visión por computadora, basado en OpenCV, permite la detección y el reconocimiento en tiempo real de estructuras y objetos sumergidos. La validación se realiza mediante análisis estáticos y simulaciones de dinámica de fluidos computacional (CFD). Los resultados demuestran la eficacia y versatilidad del UUV en diversas aplicaciones, incluidas inspecciones arqueológicas, operaciones de búsqueda y rescate y la conservación de reservas marinas protegidas.
ENHANCEMENT OF BREAST MILK PRODUCTION THROUGH THE COMBINATION OF OXYTOCIN MASSAGE AND LAVENDER AROMATHERAPY IN POSTPARTUM MOTHERS
Authors: Sahriana Sahriana , Jasmawati Jasmawati , Nulhakim Lukman
Published: April 2024

Breast milk is the best food for infants as it can fulfill the baby's nutritional needs comprehensively. Breast milk production can increase and decrease, and one of the factors is stimulation of the mammary glands, especially during the first week of lactation. This stimulation can be enhanced through oxytocin massage and lavender aromatherapy, as they stimulate the oxytocin hormone. Objective: To determine the effect of oxytocin massage and lavender aromatherapy on breast milk production in postpartum mothers at Klinik Pratama Triana Nur 2 Sangatta Utara. The research design is a quasi-experimental Pre-test Post-test Design With Control Group. The population of the study is all postpartum mothers who gave birth at Klinik Pratama Triana Nur 2 Sangatta Utara. The sampling technique is consecutive sampling, with a total of 34 participants, 17 in the experimental group and 17 in the control group. The observation of breast milk production is the measurement tool. Data analysis techniques involve the Wilcoxon test and Mann Whitney test. There is a difference in the smoothness of breastfeeding before and after the combination of oxytocin massage and aromatherapy with a p-value of 0.000. There is a difference in breastfeeding smoothness before and after without the combination of oxytocin massage and lavender aromatherapy with a p-value of 0.008. There is an influence of the combination of oxytocin massage and lavender aromatherapy on the improvement of breastfeeding smoothness in postpartum mothers at Klinik Pratama Triana Nur 2 Sangatta Utara with a p-value of 0.003. Discussion: Oxytocin massage and lavender aromatherapy trigger the oxytocin and prolactin hormones to stimulate production due to their relaxation effects. The combination of oxytocin massage and lavender aromatherapy can increase breast milk production.
THE EFFECTIVENESS COUNSELING MODEL FAMILY PLANNING USING LONG-TERM CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS (LARC) IN UNMET NEED
Authors: Mansyur Nurliana , Amri Sri Rahayu , Patmahwati Patmahwati , Setianingsih Ayu , Salsabila Andi Azzahra , Umrah Andi Sitti
Published: April 2024

The Family Planning   program is one of the focus indicators contained in the SDGs. Indonesia is a country that is facing a high number of unmet needs and low (LARC)  coverage, so this problem is outlined in the 2020-2024 Strategic Plan. In fact, the city of Palopo is an area that has a high unmet need (12.05%) while the national target is around 8.6% and (LARC)  users are also still relatively low (5.09%). Seeing these conditions, this attention will be focused on family planning services for unmet needs , by providing family planning counseling with several models . Research objective : to analyze the effectiveness of the family planning counseling model on (LARC)  users in unmet needs in the city of Palopo. The research method uses pre-experimentation with an intact group comparison approach . The intervention group was given family planning counseling using the Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraception MEC and audio-visual models, while the control group was the group given family planning counseling using the Decision Making Tools (ABPK) model. This research was carried out in the work area of the Sendana Health Center, Palopo City. The research sample is unmet need. The withdrawal technique uses simple random sampling. The number of respondents in this study was 34 respondents, who were divided into two groups, namely the intervention group and the control group, with 17 people in each group. The research instrument used observation sheets and ABPK, MEC and audio-visual tools. Data analysis using tests chi-square. Research results; There is an effectiveness of the family planning   counseling model on the use of (LARC)  in unmet needs in Palopo City ( ρ = 0.024 < α value = 0.05), so that there is a need to improve quality family planning services.
ANXIETY LEVELS AND PERCUTANEOUS CARDIAC INTERVENTION (PCI) IN STEMI AND NSTEMI PATIENTS AT BANGIL HOSPITAL
Authors: MERBAWANI RARAS
Published: April 2024

According to the World Health Organization, coronary heart disease, including STEMI and NSTEMI, is the leading cause of noncommunicable disease-related mortality worldwide. First treatment for STEMI-NSTEMI patients was reperfusion with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Anxiety increases the difficulty of controlling cardiac disease in patients with a diagnosis of STEMI and NSTEMI who will undergo PCI surgery. This study employs a cross-sectional correlation analysis methodology. Patients with coronary heart disease diagnosed with STEMI and NSTEMI who are receiving treatment at Bangil Hospital constituted the population. Forty respondents were selected using a technique called purposive sampling. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is the independent variable. While apprehension levels are the dependent variable. At a Sig (2-tailed) value of 0.05, Ho was rejected and H1 was accepted, indicating that there was a correlation between preparation for surgery (Giving Informed Consent) Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and anxiety levels in STEMI - NSTEMI patients at Bangil Hospital. Consent was obtained prior to the decision to perform PCI. If the patient agrees to informed consent, the procedure will continue; if the patient refuses, the procedure will not be performed. The conclusion of this study is that Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) procedures are associated with a lower level of anxiety the better the preparation for surgery (providing informed consent) is.
The Complex Legacy of R. v. Cuerrier: HIV Nondisclosure Prosecutions and Their Impact on Sexual Assault Law
Authors: Grant Isabel
Published: April 2024

This article examines the impact of the Supreme Court of Canada decision in R. v. Cuerrier from two vantage points. First, the article examines the impact of the decision on HIV nondisclosure prosecutions. Second, it examines the damage done by Cuerrier to sexual assault law outside of the HIV context. The article argues that Cuerrier has both overcriminalized people living with HIV and distorted the law of sexual assault. Through Cuerrier, and subsequent cases, the Supreme Court of Canada has unduly limited the concept of consent and its voluntariness requirement, and distorted the concept of fraud such that deceptions around sex are only criminalized where they cause a significant risk of serious bodily harm. It is argued that legislatively removing HIV nondisclosure prosecutions from the scope of sexual assault offences, and making corresponding changes to the definition of consent, is the only way to remedy the harm done to people with HIV and to sexual assault law more generally.
Recent Judicial Decisions of Interest to Energy Lawyers
Authors: Lemmens Matti , Carlson Brett
Published: April 2024

The past year was a busy one for the energy industry, with many reported decisions of significance. Key decisions regarding constitutional jurisdiction, the duty to consult, and judicial review kept the industry in a pattern of optimism and hesitancy. This article summarizes a number of recent judicial decisions and provides commentary on their significance to Canada’s energy industry. In particular, decisions reviewed in this article cover subjects including constitutional division of powers, the Crown’s duty to consult, oil and gas leases and purchase and sale agreements, environmental remediation and liability, insolvency, intellectual property, tax, remedies and injunctive relief, class actions, conflict of laws, arbitration, and judicial review. In each case, the facts, a summary of the decision, and commentary on the outcomes and future implications for energy lawyers and the industry are canvassed. With the past year of decisions finishing with COVID-19 restrictions, the energy industry saw some of the most drastic change in recent memory. The industry will need to exercise perseverance in these tumultuous times in order to adapt, withstand, and recover from the changes of this past year.
The “Good Corporate Citizen” Beyond BCE
Authors: Lin Li-Wen
Published: April 2024

In its landmark corporate law decision of BCE Inc. v. 1976 Debentureholders, the Supreme Court of Canada expressly referenced the “good corporate citizen” when commenting on the best interests of the corporation. The Supreme Court’s reference to good corporate citizenship is often viewed as salient yet ambiguous. As the Supreme Court did not provide any substantive legal analysis of the term, legal scholars and practitioners can only speculate on its intended meaning. This article provides an empirical study on the historical development and usage of good corporate citizenship when referenced in judicial cases. The empirical findings show that Canadian courts have invoked the notion for decades and in a variety of contexts. The meaning of good corporate citizenship varies from context to context and does not necessarily dovetail with corporate social responsibility as commonly perceived. Good corporate citizenship as a legal concept carries some practical yet controversial consequences in the environmental sentencing context. Importantly, the oft-acclaimed corporate governance paradigm shift since BCE seems more symbolic than substantive in judicial practices. The Canadian experience also provides insights into the global emergence of explicit corporate social responsibility legislation and stakeholder-oriented corporate governance.
Debating the Rule of Law: The Curious Re-enactment of the Solicitation Offence
Authors: Locke Cara
Published: April 2024

The author worries that the rule of law was diminished when Parliament re-enacted section 213(1.1) of the Criminal Code. This “offence” is a refurbished version of the unconstitutional prohibition against communicating in public for prostitution, which was invalidated by the Supreme Court of Canada in 2013. On its face, section 213(1.1) appears to create an offence to offer sexual services near select public places where minors might be present. But on the ground, section 213(1.1) is not actually operating as an offence at all — at least according to government politicians responsible for passing section 213(1.1) into law and police officers who lobbied for its re-enactment.
By delving into the lawmaking process, the author discovers evidence that section 213(1.1) was instead re-enacted to operate as a warrantless detention power. If the debate between legislators and police is taken seriously, de facto detention under section 213(1.1) appears to serve as a means to two ends: (1) to extricate people who sell sex out of the industry; and (2) to collect evidence of graver offences by pimps and johns. Neither of these two ends involve charging the citizens who are technically criminalized under section 213(1.1), yet who are otherwise cloaked in moral blamelessness by legislators and police.
Despite the benevolent motives of legislators and police, the author identifies four interconnected rule of law problems with de facto detentions under section 213(1.1): unaccountability to law, misallocation of power, unanswerability to citizens, and inaccessibility to justice. The author argues that distorting a criminal offence into a de facto detention power deprives people not only of constrained choices, but also of vital procedural safeguards, without which they cannot seek the answers, accountability, and justice that everyone deserves.
Private Records, Sexual Activity Evidence, and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Authors: Craig Elaine
Published: April 2024

In December 2018, Parliament amended the Criminal Code to add a new regime dictating the process and admissibility criteria for private records in the possession of an accused in a sexual assault proceedings. The legislation also includes new procedural requirements for applications to introduce evidence of a complainant’s other sexual activity under section 276 of the Criminal Code. Several courts have concluded that various parts of these new provisions – which some have nicknamed the Ghomeshi Rules – are unconstitutional. The problem with these decisions is that, in each one, the court has failed to properly balance the competing interests at stake. Stated most plainly, each of them overstates the impact of these provisions on the accused’s right to a fair trial and understates the competing interests to be balanced in an analysis of the constitutionality of these new laws. This article confronts two problematic aspects of the assessment of the impact on the accused’s rights in these cases: hyperbolic assertions about the impact of notice to the complainant on the right to cross-examination and assumptions about the impact of disclosure to the complainant on the truth-seeking function of the trial. This analysis is done, in part, through a case study of the trial transcript in R. v. Ghomeshi because several of these cases appear to have been litigated or adjudicated in the shadow of Ghomeshi. The article concludes with an assessment of the competing interests that must be balanced with the accused’s right to a fair trial: the complainant’s privacy, equality and dignity interests, and the societal interest in encouraging survivors to report sexual offences.
The No More Pipelines Act?
Authors: Leach Andrew
Published: April 2024

On 28 August 2019, both the Impact Assessment Act (IAA) and the Canadian Energy Regulator Act (CERA) came into force, and Canada’s environmental assessment process and its regulatory regime for major energy projects were fundamentally changed. With this new legislation in place, is it fair to say that no new pipelines will be approved in Canada? The answer is likely yes but not solely or even largely as a result of this legislation.
Changes in global oil markets have led to significant reductions in forecast production from Alberta’s oil sands. This implies that, with no new pipelines permitted, and assuming those with permits in hand are built, the network will be sufficient to cover forecast oil export demand well into the 2030s. As such, there is a tautological answer to whether new pipelines will be approved in Canada: they likely will not be, unless market conditions change substantially, because new pipelines beyond those currently approved will not be needed.
Tautologies notwithstanding, Canada’s new regulatory regime represents a significant departure from previous legislation. This article asks whether it is likely that a new pipeline project could achieve approval under the combined process implemented in the CERA and the IAA. The answer is complicated but likely turns on two issues already prevalent in Canada’s pipeline debates. The first issue facing any new pipeline review would be the ability to reconcile such development with Canada’s responsibilities to Indigenous peoples. The second is the collision between Canada’s climate change commitments, cumulative local environmental effects, and new oil sands production enabled by new pipelines. While approval has been — and will continue to be — a political decision, the analysis presented herein shows that the combined consideration of cumulative environmental effects, greenhouse gas emissions, and the link between pipelines and oil sands growth is likely to make it more difficult to approve a pipeline. This is because, when combined with recent changes to judicial review doctrine in Canada, the new regime will make it much more difficult for regulators and political decision-makers to justify such approvals.
The Grim Parade: Supreme Court of Canada Self-Represented Appellants in 2017
Authors: Netolitzky Donald J.
Published: April 2024

Self-represented litigants (SRLs) are persons who appear in legal proceedings without a lawyer. This study is a document- and court record-based quantitative, statistically valid profile of 122 SRLs who filed 125 leave to appeal applications in the Supreme Court of Canada in 2017.
Male SRLs outnumbered female SRLs almost 3:1. Most SRLs focused on their perceived rights and did not engage Canadian law. Instead, most study SRLs claimed lower court judges were biased or engaged in illegal or criminal conduct. Over a third of the study SRLs filed two or more Supreme Court leave to appeal applications over their lifetime. One filed 19 applications, all unsuccessful. Nearly one in four study SRLs were subject to court access restrictions, an extreme form of litigation management. Problematic litigation activity was associated with repeated Supreme Court appearances. Only a small number of study SRLs self-identified or were identified by a court as having mental health issues, but nearly one quarter of SRLs’ litigation records exhibited an atypical pattern of expanding litigation identified by mental health professionals as a characteristic of querulous paranoia.
This investigation successfully developed a profile of the 2017 Supreme Court leave to appeal SRL population and their litigation activity and provides a model for future parallel investigations. This population is very unlikely to be representative of Canadians SRLs as a whole, but it represents a comparator and identifies characteristics that are potentially useful to understand what occurs in other Canadian appeal courts.
The Case of the Reasonable Hypothetical Sex Worker
Authors: Haak Debra M.
Published: April 2024

This article critically considers the expanded use of reasonable hypotheticals in challenging the constitutionality of criminal offences under section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (Charter). The author consolidates concerns raised by judges and scholars over use of the device and explains how these concerns are amplified in the first two constitutional challenges to three of Canada’s new criminal prostitution laws with potentially significant consequences for constitutional limitations on what can and cannot constitute a crime. The reasonable hypothetical is a device originally used by courts to evaluate the constitutionality of mandatory minimum sentences under section 12 of the Charter based on the circumstances of a reasonable hypothetical offender, rather than those of the actual offender before the court. Judges later expanded the use of the device to evaluate the constitutionality of criminal offences under section 7 based on the circumstances of a reasonable hypothetical accused, rather than those of the actual accused before the court. However, the process through which constitutionality is evaluated differs, raising distinct concerns about the use of hypotheticals in evaluating the constitutionality of criminal offences that have largely gone unexamined and unacknowledged. Concerns raised by judges and scholars about the use of reasonable hypotheticals fall into three categories: (1) the “air of unreality,” where the rights violation at issue does not arise on the facts of the case before the court; (2) the nature and scope of evidence that can, should, or must be before the court in cases where the device is used; and (3) the appropriate remedy where an impugned law applies in a constitutional manner to the offender or accused before the court, but in an unconstitutional manner in hypothetical circumstances. Each of these categories of concern is aggravated in the first two constitutional challenges to some of Canada’s new criminal commodification offences; the way hypotheticals are used in section 7 cases obscures the experiences of victims and complainants and allows courts to adjudicate constitutionality and remedy constitutional breaches based solely on hypotheticals and expert evidence. The author suggests that if courts continue to allow accused in criminal proceedings to use reasonable hypotheticals to challenge the constitutionality of offences under section 7 of the Charter, they undertake their evaluation of constitutionality with the benefit of adjudicative fact evidence about the circumstances of the case before them, to directly address how rights, interests, and values in tension with those of the hypothetical rights claimant may be relevant to a potential section 1 justification and tailor a remedy that meaningfully attends to the experiences of victims and complainants.
The Beaufort Sea Boundary Dispute: A Consideration of Rights of Inuit in Canada and the United States
Authors: Refai Nora
Published: April 2024

Canada and the United States are involved in a long-standing dispute concerning the maritime boundary of the Beaufort Sea, located north of Canada and the State of Alaska. With rising global temperatures and the resulting interest in the potential newly accessible resources in the Beaufort Sea, there is increased political pressure to resolve the dispute within the next few years. A likely resolution of this dispute is that the two countries “agree to disagree” and enter into various co-management agreements governing the Beaufort Sea region. This article maintains that if an “agreement to disagree” is reached between Canada and the US regarding the Beaufort Sea boundary dispute and the result is various joint management of the region governing the protection and exploitation of its natural resources, then Inuit in Canada and the US have a right to negotiate such agreements as affected parties. This article considers the rights and entitlements of Inuit in Canada and the US to meaningfully participate in international negotiations regarding agreements governing the Beaufort Sea and its resources. This article analyzes the comparative legal rights of Inuit in Canada and US to share in the Beaufort Sea’s resources, protection, and management. The author discusses the relevant land claim agreements and legislative schemes, common law and constitutional rights in judicial precedents, international legal norms, and policy arguments that support Inuit communities’ right to sit at the table with Canada and the US to negotiate international agreements to resolve this dispute. The Arctic, including the Beaufort Sea, is the home of Inuit, and they possess legal rights to participate in shaping Arctic governance policy.
Leading the Way? Liability Management for the Alberta Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Barretto Jeremy , Davidson Jeff , McLelland Chris , Prince Tamara , Surani Alyshea
Published: April 2024

This article examines Alberta’s oil and gas liability management system, with a particular focus on the new regime established in 2021 by the Alberta Energy Regulator’s Directive 088. The article begins by examining liability management in Alberta prior to Directive 088, up to and including the Redwater decisions of the Alberta Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court of Canada. It then provides a brief overview of Directive 088’s main provisions and reviews its initial impacts on industry and the Orphan Fund Levy. Finally, it compares Alberta's liability management system to that of its world-class peers and a suggested alternative model, and considers whether Alberta is leading the way in oil and gas liability management.
Remedying Unreasonable Delay
Authors: Fehr Colton
Published: April 2024

In R. v. Jordan, the Supreme Court of Canada adopted presumptive ceilings for determining whether the right to be tried within a reasonable time is violated. In so doing, the Supreme Court eschewed any balancing of individual and societal interests at the rights stage of analysis. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court did not simultaneously reconsider its prior determination that the only remedy for unreasonable delay is a stay of proceedings. As balancing individual and societal interests is fundamental to determining whether a stay is justified, the next logical step is to shift this balancing to the remedial stage of analysis. In so doing, the accused should typically be required to prove that the harm suffered irreparably undermines fair trial interests before proceedings are stayed in response to unreasonable delay. A stay of proceedings in these circumstances, however, ought not be restricted to “non-serious” crimes. Where the harm relates to the accused’s liberty or security interests, other remedies should be granted. The Senate’s recent proposal to grant monetary rewards is feasible if supplemented with other remedies that limit the continued impact of delay on an accused’s liberty and security interests. I nevertheless maintain that using financial compensation to remedy the impact of delay on these interests ought to be approached with caution as it could encourage complacency towards delay. To counteract this incentive, stays of proceedings should remain available if the Crown uses this narrower remedial structure as a means to “buy time” to conduct prosecutions.
Defining "Effective Control" for Northern Métis Communities
Authors: McCormack Patricia
Published: April 2024

The “effective control” doctrine arose within the Powley decision two decades ago as an adaptation of the Aboriginal rights test from Van der Peet. Though the doctrine is a required component to asserting Métis rights, there is limited understanding of how and when “effective control” occurs. The Courts have yet to clearly define the doctrine, leading to varying applications within jurisprudence. In the absence of clear definitions, this article proposes three components to the doctrine: surveillance; regulation of Aboriginal uses of land and resources; and regulation of other aspects of Aboriginal lives. These components are applied to northern Alberta to understand what events and government actions are relevant in precipitating “effective control.” The conclusion drawn is that “effective control” potentially occurred much later than previously contemplated by legal decisionsand government pronouncements.
Uncertainty Over the Scope of Borrower Protections in Mortgage Enforcement Proceedings in Alberta: The Problems and Potential Solutions
Authors: Lund Anna
Published: April 2024

This article analyzes the complex legal framework surrounding protections for borrowers in mortgage enforcement proceedings in Alberta. It examines two statutory protections — default redemption periods and protection from deficiency judgments — as well as the applicability of non-recourse protection to non-purchase money loans and how Crown immunity has previously curtailed the protections. Homeowners are often unable to navigate the system due to its complexity and the power imbalance between lenders and borrowers.
The article advances several possible solutions to this issue, including education initiatives aimed at borrowers, enhanced disclosure obligations for lenders, and reforms to the scope of the borrower protections. These changes aim to assist homeowners in claiming the protections they are legally entitled to and to ensure that Albertans are not needlessly unhoused.
New Hosts for an Old Disease: History of the Organized Pseudolegal Commercial Argument Phenomenon in Canada — Part III
Authors: Netolitzky Donald
Published: April 2024

United States-sourced false law concepts, “pseudolaw,” were the schematic backbone for a number of Canadian anti-authority and criminal populations that operated in 2000–2015. These “first wave” pseudolaw groups and their descendants are now dead or inactive.
A “second wave” of novel pseudolaw groups has since emerged, energized and catalyzed by economic stress and the COVID-19 pandemic. This article reviews Canadian second wave pseudolaw and its host populations, documents second-wave pseudolaw theories and activities, and examines their comparatively limited success. Finally, the potential of violence building off pseudolaw in Canada is investigated.
Strawberry Fields Forever? Some Observations About Restrictive Covenants and Zoning
Authors: Kaplinsky Eran
Published: April 2024

Restrictive covenants and statutory land use controls are both capable of promoting private or public interests, but there is tension surrounding their use. This article explores the relationship between the two devices and discusses the courts’ evolving approach to resolving conflicts between restrictive covenants and restrictive land use controls that apply to the same property. Controversy arises with these devices when they are used to restrict land use for undesirable exclusionary practices, such as limiting access to property ownership based on socioeconomic status or race, or when covenants conflict with municipal planning schemes. The author examines specific restrictive covenants and statutory land use controls used in Albertan cities to discuss a potential change in attitude toward large-scale restrictive covenants that impede municipal policies.
Caracterización agro-morfológica en genotipos de Aloe vera en dos estados de México
Authors: Lagunes-Domínguez Abimael , Pérez-Vázquez Arturo , Hernández-Salinas Gregorio , Acosta-Osorio Andrés Antonio , Castillo-Zamudio Rosa Isela
Published: April 2024

En la última década, la industria farmacéutica ha mostrado gran interés en el cultivo de sábila (Aloe vera (L.) Burm. F.). En México, se cultiva en diferentes estados y condiciones agroecológicas. El objetivo fue caracterizar in situ las características agro-morfológicas de sábila, en dos sitios en los estados de Puebla y Veracruz, México. En el ciclo agrícola 2019, se colectaron plantas de sábila, de dos años, en ambas regiones agroecológicas tanto en época de sequía y de lluvia. Las variables agro-morfológicas registradas fueron: largo, ancho, contorno, espesor, peso de hoja, peso de hoja útil, peso de residuos, peso del gel y peso de piel. Las variables edáficas analizadas fueron: pH, conductividad eléctrica, materia orgánica, textura, densidad aparente, nitrógeno total, fósforo y potasio. Además, se registró la altitud, la temperatura y precipitación medias de cada sitio. Las variables fueron analizadas a través de análisis de varianza, componentes principales y correlación de Pearson empleando el programa Rstudio y Statistical Analysis System. Se encontraron valores significativamente (p≤ 0.05) mayores en el 60% de las variables agro-morfológicas de los materiales 1P, 2P y 2V con respecto al 1V. De acuerdo con el análisis de componentes principales, los dos primeros componentes principales, explicaron el 98. 22% de la variabilidad morfológica total en los materiales evaluados por sitio. Existió correlación entre una variable geofísica, dos climáticas, dos edáficas y morfológicas, excepto ancho de hoja. Se concluye que existe una relación significativa entre las características agro-morfológicas de la sábila y las condiciones agroecológicas del sitio.
SETE CENAS DE ARTE E DE GUERRA
Authors: Rascov Eduardo Cesar
Published: April 2024

Sob os auspícios dos governos brasileiro e britânico, um grupo de artistas modernos do Brasil se organiza, em plena Segunda Guerra Mundial, para enviar suas criações a uma exposição na Inglaterra. As 168 obras foram doadas ao esforço bélico inglês. Corria o mês de novembro de 1944 quando Exhibition of Modern Brazilian Paintings foi inaugurada na centenária Royal Academy of Arts. Entre os 70 artistas, nomes como Livio Abramo, Tarsila do Amaral, Oswald de Andrade Filho, Aldo Bonadei, Athos Bulcão, Roberto Burle Marx, Iberê Camargo, Flávio de Carvalho, Emiliano Di Cavalcanti, Cícero Dias, Francisco Rebollo, Oswaldo Goeldi, Alberto da Veiga Guignard, Poty Lazzarotto, Candido Portinari e Alfredo Volpi, entre outros. Trata-se da primeira grande exposição brasileira de arte moderna no exterior. Setenta e quatro anos depois, por iniciativa de representantes diplomáticos do Brasil no Reino Unido, monta-se a exposição The art of diplomacy – Brazilian Modernism Painted for War (A arte da diplomacia – O modernismo brasileiro pintado para a guerra) na Embaixada do Brasil em Londres. A ideia era resgatar algumas das obras expostas em 1944 para que as novas gerações conhecessem essa grande operação artístico-diplomática. Este artigo relaciona a exposição de 1944 com a influência futurista na Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922 e com episódios da guerra que envolviam os pracinhas da Força Expedicionária Brasileira. Arte, política, diplomacia e guerra se entrelaçam em sete cenas escritas de forma leve, fáceis de ler. No enquadramento, a auto imagem brasileira em face do eurocentrismo decadentista dos súditos de Sua Majestade.
APTIDÃO FÍSICA E COMPOSIÇÃO CORPORAL DE ATLETAS DE 11 A 14 ANOS, APÓS SEIS MESES DE TREINAMENTO DE FUTSAL
Authors: matos jarina de
Published: April 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a influência de seis meses de treinamento de futsal na aptidão física e composição corporal de Atletas de 11 a 14 anos participantes da Escola Estadual Vereador Ramon Sanches Marques Vocacionada ao esporte do município de Tangara da Serra/MT. Foram avaliados 22 Atletas de futsal, com idade entre 11 á 14 anos Como instrumento de pesquisa foi utilizado o protocolo de testes do Projeto Esporte Brasil (PROESP-BR), os hábitos de vida e a aptidão motora em crianças e adolescentes entre 7 a 17 anos.: Percebeu-se que algumas variáveis após o programa de treinamento tiveram um aumento significativo tais como (Massa Corporal, Estatura, Envergadura, Flexibilidade, Resistência Abdominal, Força de Membros Inferiores, Força de Membros Superiores, Velocidade e Resistência Aeróbica) apenas duas variáveis (IMC e agilidade) não obtiveram aumento significativo, mas ainda assim o IMC teve um pequeno aumento e a Agilidade teve uma pequena queda no pós programa de treinamento. Conclui-se que de acordo com os resultados encontrados, o treinamento específico de futsal proporcionou melhoras da aptidão física dos atletas da Escola Vocacionada ao Esporte da pratica de futsal do município de Tangara da Serra/MT.