bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological Science in the Wake of COVID-19: Social, Methodological, and Meta-Scientific Considerations
Authors: Rosenfeld Daniel L. , Balcetis Emily , Bastian Brock , Berkman Elliot , Bosson Jennifer , Brannon Tiffany , Burrow Anthony L. , Cameron Daryl , CHEN Serena , Cook Jonathan Emdin , Crandall Chris , Davidai Shai , Dhont Kristof , Eastwick Paul Wolfe , Gaither Sarah , Gangestad Steven , Gilovich Tom , Gray Kurt , Haines Elizabeth L. , Haselton Martie G. , Haslam Nick , Hodson Gordon , Hogg Michael A. , Hornsey Matthew , Huo Yuen J. , Joel Samantha , Kachanoff Frank , Kraft-Todd Gordon , Leary Mark R. , Ledgerwood Alison , Lee Randy T. , Loughnan Steve , MacInnis Cara , Mann Traci , Murray Damian , Parkinson Carolyn , Perez Efren , Pyszczynski Tom , Ratner Kaylin , Rothgerber Hank , Rounds James Dalton , Schaller Mark , Silver Roxane Cohen , Spellman Barbara A. , Strohminger Nina , Swim Janet , Thoemmes Felix , Urganci Betul , Vandello Joseph , Volz Sarah , Zayas Vivian , Tomiyama A. Janet
Published: May 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has extensively changed the state of psychological science, from what research questions psychologists can ask to which methodologies psychologists can employ to investigate them. In this article, we offer a perspective on how to optimize new research in the pandemic’s wake. As this pandemic is inherently a social phenomenon—an event that hinges upon human-to-human contact—we focus on socially relevant subfields of psychology. We highlight specific psychological phenomena that have likely shifted due to the pandemic and discuss theoretical, methodological, and practical considerations of conducting research on these phenomena. Following this discussion, we evaluate meta-scientific issues that have been amplified by the pandemic. We aim to demonstrate how theoretically grounded views on the COVID-19 pandemic can help make psychological science stronger—not weaker—in its wake.
Facial Expression is Retained in Deep Networks Trained for Face Identification
Authors: Colón Y. Ivette , Castillo Carlos D. , O'TOOLE ALICE
Published: May 2020

Facial expressions distort visual cues for identification in two-dimensional images. Face processing systems in the brain must decouple image-based information from multiple sources to operate in the social world. Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) trained for face identification retain identity-irrelevant, image-based information (e.g., viewpoint). We asked whether a DCNN trained for identity also retains expression information that generalizes over viewpoint change. DCNN representations were generated for a controlled dataset containing images of 70 actors posing 7 facial expressions (happy, sad, angry, surprised, fearful, disgusted, neutral), from 5 viewpoints (frontal, 90-degree and 45-degree left and right profiles). Two-dimensional visualizations of the DCNN representations revealed hierarchical groupings by identity, followed by viewpoint, and then by facial expression. Linear discriminant analysis of full-dimensional representations predicted expressions accurately (72% correct for happiness, followed by surprise, disgust, anger, neutral, sad, and fearful at 39%; chance = 14.29%). Expression classification was stable across viewpoints. Representational similarity heatmaps indicated that image similarities within identities varied more by viewpoint than by expression. We conclude that an identity-trained, deep network retains shape-deformable information about expression and viewpoint, along with identity, in a unified form—consistent with a recent hypothesis for ventral visual stream processing.
Het begrip 'literatuur' binnen het literatuuronderwijs
Authors: Dera Jeroen
Published: May 2020

Wat mag er wel en niet op de leeslijst? Het is een vraag die soms tot hevige discussies tussen leraren Nederlands leidt. De onderliggende vraag daarbij is wat wel en niet tot de literatuur behoort, en hoe belangrijk het is dat leerlingen daar kennis van nemen. In deze bijdrage aan het handboek legt literatuurwetenschapper Jeroen Dera uit waarom er eigenlijk geen sluitende definitie van het begrip ‘literatuur’ mogelijk is. Hij zet daartoe een functionalistische definitie van literatuur af tegen een essentialistische definitie. Ook bespreekt hij hoe het literatuuronderwijs zelf voortdurend bijdraagt aan het beeld dat mensen van literatuur hebben, en verkent hij enkele onderzoeksperspectieven waarmee we dat beeld verder kunnen aanscherpen.
Correcting misperceptions of relative income: impact on temporal discounting and social trust.
Authors: Guillou Léonard , Grandin Aurore , Chevallier Coralie
Published: May 2020

Social trust and income are associated both within and across countries, such that higher income typically correlates with increased trust. While this correlation is well-documented, the psychological mechanisms sustaining this relationship remain poorly understood. One plausible candidate is people's temporal discounting: on the one hand, trust has a strong time component - it exposes the individual to immediate costs in exchange of uncertain and delayed benefits; on the other hand, temporal discounting is robustly influenced by income. The goal of our studies was to test whether temporal discounting mediates the relationship between income and trust and whether experimentally manipulating perceived income has a downstream impact on temporal discounting and trust. To do so, participants underestimating their relative income position were randomized to receiving information about their true position in the income distribution or no information. In line with our hypothesis, our results indicate that temporal discounting mediates the effect of income on social trust in a pre-registered online study on British participants (N = 855). However, receiving a positive information shock on one's income position had no impact on either temporal discounting or social trust. In a second pre-registered study, we replicated the finding that temporal discounting mediates the effect of income on social trust in a representative sample of the British population (N = 1130).
Developing and testing a measure of COVID-19 Organizational Support of Healthcare Workers – Results from Peru, Ecuador, and Bolivia
Authors: Zhang Stephen , Sun Shuhua , Jahanshahi Asghar Afshar , Alvarez-Risco Aldo , Ibarra Verónica García , Li Jizhen , Patty-Tito Ross Mary
Published: May 2020

During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers work under high workload with resource constraints and virus exposure, and hence the support to healthcare workers is crucial to lower anxiety. Based on a recently published 8-point framework of COVID-19 specific organization support, we deducted a measure of COVID-19 Organizational Support (COVID-OS) of healthcare workers. We tested the new measure with 712 healthcare workers in Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru from April 10th to May 2nd, 2020. Our studies suggest the new measure of COVID-19 Organizational Support (COVID-OS) formed 3 factors to predict healthcare workers’ anxiety and life satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Personal support and work support each predicted anxiety at different levels. Risk support did not play a significant role in our sample. We call further studies testing the COVID-OS in other countries and settings.
On Simon Nelson Patten’s Progressivism: A note
Authors: Fiorito Luca , Vatiero Massimiliano
Published: May 2020

This note is an attempt to offer a somewhat more comprehensive assessment of Patten’s views on individual rights, poverty and social efficiency, as well his ideas on eugenics, biological determinism, and immigration. This will allow us to better delineate the differences—as well as the affinities—between Patten and the core of progressives recently discussed by Thomas C. Leonard in his acclaimed Illiberal Reformers. It is our contention that even within the persisting intricacies, ambiguities and contradictions of Patten’s expository style it is possible to trace a shift in some aspects of his ideas—a gradual evolution which makes his peculiar brand of progressivism different from that of his most “illiberal” counterparts.
Manajemen Pemasaran
Authors: Panjaitan Roymon
Published: May 2020

Suatu kegiatan usaha ( bisnis ) yang dijalani oleh suatu perusahaan, tentulah memiliki beberapa tujuan yang ingin dicapai oleh pemilik dan manajemen. Untuk meningkatkan penjualan produk atau jasa yang optimal, pemilik perusahaan berusaha mencari strategi bisnis dengan berbagai konsep pemasaran apa yang akan dilakukan untuk meningkatkan penjualan produk atau jasa mereka. Mengapa ? Karena setiap pemilik ingin menguasai pasar dengan produk andalan mereka sampai memperoleh keuntungan yang besar dan produk mereka dapat dikenal lebih luas dan berusaha menjadi pemenang dalam persaingan pasar secara dinamis. Bagi pihak manjemen, keuntungan yang diperoleh merupakan pencapaian rencana (target) yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya. Pencapaian target keuntungan sangat penting karena dengan mencapai target yang telah ditetapkan atau melebihi target yang diinginkan, hal ini merupakan prestasi tersendiri bagi pihak manajemen. Prestasi ini menjadi ukuran untuk menilai kesuksesan manajemen pemasaran dalam mendistribusikan produknya ke dalam pasar
PROSIDING THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC ISSUES Contemporary Issues On Religion And Multiculturalism
Authors: Gunawan Edi , Rusdiyanto
Published: May 2020

This was the 2nd International Seminar on Contemporary Islamic Issues (ISCII) held by IAIN Manado, and should be continued in the future as the commitment and responsibility toward the academic development. The wisdom was born from the willingness to learn from the others. This seminar was giving the chances for learning more about the people and society from many different perspective, enriching the insight, and communicating with more new collegues.
Use of Participatory Action Research in the Development of a Survey of Physiotherapy Services for People with Multiple Sclerosis in Canada
Authors: Kuspinar Ayse , Bello-Haas Vanina Dal , Liu Diana , Essah Karen , Cao Lily , Ploughman Michelle
Published: May 2020

Purpose: Currently, there is a paucity of research describing physiotherapy services for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Canada. Using qualitative methods, we aimed to develop a survey to examine physiotherapy practice patterns for people with MS receiving services in Canada. Method: We began by conducting a review of the current literature and combining participatory action research methods with the expertise of registered physiotherapists and individuals with MS. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants to obtain their input into survey development. The interviews were then transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Results: Five key themes emerged from the thematic analysis: (1) provide additional answer options, (2) reformat or clarify questions, (3) ensure that questions or options are appropriate, (4) ensure good readability and flow, and (5) determine the appropriate length of the survey. After a final revision, the survey consisted of 24 items in the following domains: demographics, MS programme and patient population, interdisciplinary care, and programme and service barriers. Conclusions: This survey is the first of its kind in Canada and is the first step toward improving the quality of health of people living with MS and the effectiveness of current physiotherapy practices for them.
KOMPETENSI GURU SD DI BANJARMASIN DALAM MERANCANG PERANGKAT PENILAIAN TEMATIK
Authors: Jamilah Jamilah , Gandhi Mahutma , Sadiqin Ikhwan Khairu
Published: May 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan ulasan deskriptif tentang kompetensi guru SD dalam merancang perangkat penilaian. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif. Teknik pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling dengan mempertimbangkan produktivitas guru, kurikulum dan tujuan penelitian. Subjek adalah guru SD di kota Banjarmasin dan sekitarnya. Terpilih 53 orang guru SD yang menjadi subjek penelitian. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian perangkat pembelajaran didapatkan hasil bahwa Mayoritas skor kompetensi guru SD Banjarmasin berkisar antara 87 hingga 95 poin dari skor maksimal 100. Analisis dalam kategori menghasilkan sebanyak 92,45% telah mencapai kategori baik karena telah mampu membuat empat indikator perangkat penilaian. Indikator meliputi analisis kurikulum (kesesuaian soal dengan tujuan pembelajaran), petunjuk penskoran runut dan jelas, kesesuaian penyajian redaksi soal dan jawaban bagi kognitif, keterpaduan antar ranah (pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan). Kendala utama adalah dalam membuat rubrik penilaian sikap dan keterampilan. Guru belum mampu mendeskripsikan dengan jelas indikator periaku siswa secara spesefik. TEACHER COMPETENCE IN BANJARMASIN IN DESIGNING THEMATIC ASSESSMENT  Abstract: This study aims to provide descriptive reviews of elementary teacher competencies in designing assessment. This type of research is descriptive. The sample selection technique is done by purposive sampling by considering teacher productivity, curriculum, and research objectives. The subject is elementary school teachers in the city of Banjarmasin and surrounding areas. 53 elementary school teachers. The results found that the majority of Banjarmasin elementary school teacher competency scores ranged from 87 to 95 points from a maximum score of 100. Analysis in the category resulted in 92.45% had reached the good category because it was able to make four indicators of assessment tools. Indicators include curriculum analysis (compatibility of questions with learning objectives), clear and continuous scoring instructions, appropriateness of presentation of the problem, and answer editors for cognitive, inter-domain integration (knowledge, attitudes, and skills). The main obstacle is in making the rubric for attitude and skills assessment.
Plastic Packaging, Food Supply, and Everyday Life
Authors: Sattlegger Lukas , Stieß Immanuel , Raschewski Luca , Reindl Katharina
Published: May 2020

This article presents practice-theoretical conceptions of societal relations to nature as a fruitful alternative to common system approaches in social-ecological research. Via the example of plastic food packaging, two different practice-theoretical approaches to food supply are discussed regarding their suitability for relating the material properties of packaging to their everyday use by producers, retailers, and consumers: (1) the network approach (portraying food supply as a network of practices; these practices include material elements that interrelate with other elements like competence or meaning) and (2) the nexus approach (investigating the interrelation between social practices and material arrangements in which they take place). Depending on the given research interest, both perspectives have their pros and cons: the network approach is stronger in understanding the everyday use of technologies, while the nexus approach encourages the integration of infrastructures and environmental contexts that are not directly observable within the practice.
XVI Ogólnopolskie Sympozjum Prawa Wyznaniowego pt. 30-lecie ustaw wyznaniowych. Czy potrzebna jest reforma prawa wyznaniowego w Polsce?, Olsztyn – Tumiany, 6-8 maja 2019 r.
Authors: Ziółkowska Krystyna
Published: May 2020

XVI Ogólnopolskie Sympozjum Prawa Wyznaniowego pt. 30-lecie ustaw wyznaniowych. Czy potrzebna jest reforma prawa wyznaniowego w Polsce?, Olsztyn – Tumiany, 6-8 maja 2019 r.
Władza ludowa contra brat Kloc. Z frontu walki z nielegalnym handlem dewocjonaliami w powiecie kozielskim w 1965 r.
Authors: Szymański Andrzej
Published: May 2020

W artykule przedstawiony został casus jednego z zakonników Kościoła Katolickiego. Zdaniem autora przypadek ten dobrze ilustruje realia, w jakich przyszło żyć duchowieństwu w Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej. Wojciech Kloc, ze Zgromadzenia Braci Albertynów, prowadził handel dewocjonaliami w celu zarobienia pieniędzy na remont dachu domu zakonnego. Z tego powodu został zatrzymany przez milicję przed jednym z kościołów w Kędzierzynie (powiat kozielski), gdzie odebrano mu dewocjonalia, którymi handlował oraz pieniądze, które przy nim znaleziono. Czyn, którego się dopuścił zakonnik, został zakwalifikowany jako przestępstwo w świetle ustawy z 1958 r. o zezwoleniach na wykonywanie przemysłu, rzemiosła, handlu i niektórych usług przez jednostki gospodarki nieuspołecznionej. Sąd Powiatowy w Koźlu skazał brata Wojciecha Kloca na karę grzywny, nakazał pokrycie kosztów sądowych, a także orzekł przepadek dewocjonaliów na rzecz Skarbu Państwa. Artykuł oparty został na materiałach archiwalnych zgromadzonych w Archiwum Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej.
Thinking as a process and as an activity: Analysis of philosophical and psychological research of thinking
Authors: Titov Andrey A.
Published: May 2020

This article describes and analyzes essential philosophical and psychological approaches to define thinking. Also, this paper considers views and opinions of Russian and Western researchers on thinking in the context of psychological and educational issues. There is an attempt here to describe main ways of studying thinking. Basic ideas of researchers are considered in the field of philosophy of education, psychology, dialectics, as well as the ideas of the scientific school of V.V. Davydov, associated with the activity-based approach to the development of thinking in learning, there is discussion of the possibility of implementing these ideas in the conditions of informatization of education. Based on the analysis of sources and approaches, a conclusion was drawn about the general features of the consideration of thinking by researchers of different directions, about the wide integration of the views of A.N. Leontiev, D.B. Elkonin and V.V. Davydov in the field of practice by creating appropriate training and information tools. The article also raises a question of the need for effective organization of the educational process in the era of global informatization, when the quantity goes into quality and the information environment is formed.
The specifics of the psychological readiness of modern children to school
Authors: Sorokoumova Elena A. , Kurnosova Marina G.
Published: May 2020

The issues of children’s readiness for school in the digital environment are considered. The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at studying the intellectual, personal, and emotional-volitional readiness of children of the digital generation for school. The study involved a group of 20 children aged 6–7. The results of the study showed that the specificity of the personal component is manifested in the predominance of the evaluation motive, in the unwillingness to contact with other children, the desire for individual activities, in the predominance of demonstrative behavior and the unwillingness to engage in joint activities with peers. The specificity of the emotional-volitional component is manifested in the ability of children to accept only close, specific goals, limited by the conditions of the educational task, as well as in the weak regulation of the actual activity. The specificity of the cognitive component of the psychological readiness of children of the digital generation to study at school is manifested in the predominance of short-term mechanical memory, visual generalization, schematic perception of the image, and the need for emotional and regulatory assistance when performing tasks.
Fairy tale as a means of formation of spiritual and moral values of a person
Authors: Voiteleva Тatiana М.
Published: May 2020

The paramount role in solving the problem of the formation of spiritual and moral qualities of the individual is played by the acquaintance of students with the national picture of the world, the basis of which are the characteristics of the culture of the people. Folklore is the conductor of national culture. Main attention is paid to one of the genres of the Russian folklore – a fairy tale, because it is in fairy tales that the best features of the people are reflected, contributing to the formation of moral values of students. The author determined not only the educational, but also the artistic value of fairy tales. The main aspects of the work on the analysis of the fairy tale are outlined: text analysis in the dialogue of cultures, the use of symbols, idioms, and appeal to the visual and expressive means of the language that contribute to a better understanding of the text.
Methodical techniques and exercise system for creative learning in preparation for abstracting foreign texts in a non-linguistic university
Authors: Bukowski Stanislav L.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the development of methodological techniques and exercise system in accordance with the specifics of creative training in foreign language abstracting of foreign texts in foreign language classes at a non-linguistic university. The author gives detailed analysis of the theoretical and practical foundations of the creative training proposed by the author, represented by a set of exercises. The author proposed an algorithm for sequential actions on the part of the teacher and students, presented methodological techniques that the teacher should apply when using these exercises. The aim of the article is to optimize the process of teaching foreign languages at university in the form of developing methodological techniques and exercises for a creative teaching format in order to materialize an innovative methodological approach from the perspective of a creative existential format for teaching foreign languages at university.
The Effect of Peer Feedback on EFL Learners’ Classroom Anxiety
Authors: Motallebzadeh Khalil , Kondori Ali , Kazemi Sara
Published: May 2020

English is learned as a foreign language (EFL) in Iran, but because of the limited opportunities to practice or use it in an everyday life environment, it is not easy to make any distinguishable improvement unless the learners are very interested and active ones. When learning in this kind of EFL environment, students are very likely to experience a certain level of language anxiety, which have some damaging effect on language learning acquisition (Chen& Chang, 2004). As such studies about learners’ language anxiety are very important not only in improving learners’ language proficiency, but also in achieving a targeted syllabus objective or a particular teaching goal. This study aimed to explore the effect of peer feedback on the learners’ classroom anxiety specifically focused on speaking ability. To this end, having administered a test of homogeneity among 70 upper-intermediate EFL male students, the researchers finally selected 50 students who were at the same level of English proficiency and were assigned to two groups- the experimental and the control group- each consisting of 25 participants. For collecting the required data, one homogenizing test, one questionnaire, a semi-structured interview and an opinion test were employed in the study. Having done analysis, the results revealed that peer feedback as a technique, has a significant effect on reducing students’ anxiety. The qualitative data from the interview also revealed that the students took benefits from the peer feedback process and enjoyed the course.
Pathways to the Successful Teaching and Learning of an L2: Introduction to the Honorary Volume of the Language Teaching Research Quarterly
Authors: Cohen Andrew D.
Published: May 2020

When the editors of the Language Teaching Research Quarterly, Christine Coombe and Hassan Mohebbi, suggested to me that I organize a special issue in my honor, my first reaction was that it would be immodest for me to take on such an activity. Even though I identified a series of topics about which I really wanted to create a special volume, it was with some trepidation that I reached out to colleagues that I really wanted to hear from on these topics. Consequently, it was most gratifying for me to see how easy it actually was to recruit these colleagues to take part in this venture. The five themes that they have written about are ones that have engaged my interest over many years. It has been an ongoing concern of mine to find ways to enhance the experiences of language learners, primarily because of my lifelong passion to continue learning languages. I am currently working on my 13th, Mandarin. I use five languages professionally and have modest-to-minimal skills at this point in the other languages that I have learned. Experience with so many languages over the years has given me an opportunity to experience everything from surprising success to abysmal failures, both with regard to my handling of basic language skills, as well as with regard to the pragmatics associated with the specific language communities involved. In my brief introduction to this collection of papers, I will share with you my rationale for why the 5 topics addressed by my colleagues in this special issue are of concern to me. I will consider this special volume a contribution to the field if it activates in your minds as readers new or renewed interest in one or more of these topics, leading either to research on your part and/or to instructional efforts both in the classroom and beyond.
Assisting Learners in Orchestrating their Inner Voice for L2 Learning
Authors: Tomlinson Brian
Published: May 2020

In our L1 the person we talk to more than anybody else each day is ourself. We talk to ourselves all the time using our inner voice, both during our waking hours and in our dreams. We do so in order to make sense of the world, to understand what we see, read and hear, to comment and evaluate, to make decisions, to support ourselves, to entertain ourselves, to control our emotions, to decide and rehearse what to say or write. Without using our inner voice we would be much less capable of interacting with the world and with other people. For example, right now I am using my inner voice to dictate to my fingers what to type and then I am using it to read and comment on what I have just typed. How would I do that without my inner voice?
Preventing Attrition and Promoting Retention
Authors: Bardovi-Harlig Kathleen , Burghardt Beatrix
Published: May 2020

This paper discusses the stage of second language acquisition known as attrition and what learners and teachers can do to prevent attrition and promote retention. Attrition is the stage at which a learner’s attained proficiency declines due to a reduction of contact with the second language, whether from lack of contact with other speakers of the language, cessation of language instruction, or a number of other factors. The paper briefly summarizes research on language attrition, then reviews a prototype program developed to encourage L2 retention for a specific learner population, and discusses a range of activities in which learners at large may engage to promote retention of their L2 knowledge, including both traditional and technology-mediated activities. The paper also suggests means by which language teachers may prepare their students for the possibility of attrition and help them develop skills for independent learning and engaging with language activities and resources that will facilitate language retention.
Airport Aura
Authors: Mironov Lilia
Published: May 2020

Throughout the 20th century and into the 21st, the emergence of airports as gateways for their cities has turned into one of the most important architectural undertakings. Ever since the first manned flight by the Brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright on December 17th 1903, utilitarian sheds next to landing strips on cow pastures evolved into a completely new building type over the next few decades – into places of Modernism as envisioned by Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright (who themselves never built an airport), to eventually turn into icons of cultural identity, progress and prosperity.
Many of these airports have become architectural branding devices of their respective cities, regions and countries, created by some of the most notable contemporary architects.
This interdisciplinary cultural study deals with the historical formation and transformation of the architectural typology of airports under the aspect of spatial theories. This includes the shift from early spaces of transportation such as train stations, the synesthetic effect of travel and mobility and the effects of material innovations on the development, occupation and use of such spaces. The changing uses from mere utilitarian transportation spaces to ones centered on the spectacular culture of late capitalism, consumption and identity formation in a rapidly changing global culture are analyzed with examples both from architectural and philosophical points of view. The future of airport architecture and design very much looks like the original idea of the Crystal Palace and Parisian Arcades: to provide a stage for consumption, social theatre and art exhibition.
Multi-scale analysis for wave problems with disparate propagation speeds
Authors: Bostan Mihaï
Published: May 2020

The subject matter of this work concerns the asymptotic behavior of the wave problems, when the propagation speed in one direction is much larger than in the other directions. We establish weak and strong convergence results. We appeal to homogenization arguments, based on average operators with respect to unitary groups.
A robust approach to detect gas bubbles through images analysis
Authors: Nguyen T.H. , Nguyen T.L. , Sidorov D.N. , Dreglea A.I.
Published: May 2020

Bubble detection is a challenging problem in automatic process control in the power and energy industry, medical and pharmaceutical industry and many other fields. Computer vision methods applications for bubble detection and measurement is the principal step of robust bubbles monitoring systems development. In various applications the input image may include a diverse and image background, especially in different environments. This paper presents a new and effective bubble detection approach. The main steps of this proposed approach are as follows: image preprocessing, background subtraction, and contour detection. The graph cut algorithm is used for image segmentation. The Haar wavelet transform is applied to collect bubble component points. The developed approach is evaluated based on the real data set.
Improving task scheduling by using a fuzzy reasoner
Authors: Chrysafiadi Konstantina
Published: May 2020

In this paper a rule-based fuzzy scheduling method is presented. Aim of this method is to handle the uncertainty and vagueness that characterize the complicated process of task scheduling. It uses fuzzy sets to describe both a task’s deadline and a task’s remaining execution time. The operation of the presented scheduling method is based on a rule-based reasoner that decides dynamically about the priority of the tasks that wait to be executed. This reasoner is triggered each time a change occurs (e.g. the execution of a task ends, a new task arrives etc.). It has been compared with Earlied Deadline First (EDF) scheduling algorithm. The results showed that the presented fuzzy scheduling method improves the scheduling process, since it minimizes both, the mean waiting time and the mean turnaround time.
An intelli AFM: An intelligent association based fuzzy rule miner to predict high blood pressure using bio-psychological factors
Authors: Satyanarayana Nimmala , Ramadevi Y. , Manasa K. , Rambabu Bandi
Published: May 2020

High Blood Pressure (HBP) is one of the major triggering factors for many health-related issues such as brain stroke, heart stroke, kidney failure, eye damage, etc. The victims of HBP are drastically increasing day by day across the globe. The prediction of HBP in advance is more beneficial to control the Blood Pressure (BP) rather than using BP control medications. So this paper focused on an intelligent fuzzy classification model called Association based Fuzzy rule Miner (AFM) to predict HBP. Although they are numerous parameters that contribute to HBP, the impact of Bio-Psychological factors on HBP is always worth noting. This paper considered biological factors obesity level, cholesterol level, age, and Psychological factors anxiety level and anger level of a person for experimental analysis. The proposed Model initially converts the crisp data set into the fuzzified data set. Later, the association rules are extracted using apriori algorithm based on conditions imposed as constraints. In the final step the extracted association rules for each decision class separately together constructs AFM, which predicts whether a person is a victim of HBP or not. The experiments are conducted on a real-time dataset of 1000 records, where 600 records are used for training and 400 records are used for testing. The AFM has shown 90.75% accuracy, which is for better than the accuracy of existing classifiers such as Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, Simple logistic regression, J48, and PART.
Tolcapone Treatment for Cognitive and Behavioral Symptoms in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia: A Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study
Authors: Fremont Rachel , Manoochehri Masood , Armstrong Nicole M. , Mattay Venkata S. , Apud Jose A. , Tierney Mary C. , Devanand D.P. , Gazes Yunglin , Habeck Christian , Wassermann Eric M. , Grafman Jordan , Huey Edward D.
Published: May 2020

Background:

There are currently no disease-targeted treatments for cognitive or behavioral symptoms in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD).

Objective:

To determine the effect of tolcapone, a specific inhibitor of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT), in patients with bvFTD.

Methods:

In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study at two study sites, we examined the effect of tolcapone on 28 adult outpatients with bvFTD. The primary outcome was reaction time on the N-back cognitive test. As an imaging outcome, we examined differences in the resting blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal intensity between subjects on placebo versus tolcapone performing the N-back test. Secondary outcomes included measures of cognitive performance and behavioral disturbance using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire (NPI-Q), and Clinical Global Impressions scale (CGI).

Results:

Tolcapone was well tolerated and no patients dropped out. The most frequent treatment-related adverse event during tolcapone treatment was elevated liver enzymes (21%). There were no significant differences between tolcapone treatment and placebo in the primary or imaging outcomes. However, there were significant differences between RBANS total scores ( p < 0.01), NPI-Q total scores ( p = 0.04), and CGI total scores ( p = 0.035) between treatment conditions which were driven by differences between baseline and tolcapone conditions. Further, there was a trend toward significance between tolcapone and placebo on the CGI ( p = 0.078).

Conclusions:

Further study of COMT inhibition and related approaches with longer duration of treatment and larger sample sizes in frontotemporal lobar degeneration-spectrum disorders may be warranted.
Treat-to-Target urate-lowering therapy in primary gout patients: A real-world retrospective study at a dedicated gout clinic in China
Authors: Bai Xue-Shan , Wang Ming , Zhao Xiao-Dong , Cui Ling-Ling , He Yu-Wei , Wang Can , Li Xin-De , Qu Xiao-Jie , Sun Ming-Shu , Li Chang-Gui
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis affecting 1.1% of the population in mainland China with a higher prevalence in coastal areas. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the clinical outcomes following urate-lowering therapy (ULT) in a real-world group study of primary gout patients in China. METHODS: Electronic medical records of all the gout patients (n= 1588) that visited the Clinical Medical Center of Gout of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September 2016 to February 2018 were analyzed in this study. The patients were treated with a standard treat-to-target (T2T) ULT strategy according to the 2016 EULAR Guidelines. Clinical data were collected in the first visit and one-month (defined as the baseline of ULT), 7-month, and 13-month follow-ups were completed. RESULTS: Amongst the patients in the study, 92.70% accepted ULT and 82.93% completed ULT for 3 months, 63.54% for 6 months, and 40.49% (n= 643) for 12 months. Further analysis of the 643 patients included the following data: the sUA level reduced at month 7 and reduced further at month 13. The gout flares, patient global pain visual analogue score, and health assessment questionnaire score improved at month 7 but did not improve further at month 13, and the index tophus size did not
Immediate augmented real-time forefoot weight bearing using visual feedback improves gait symmetry in chronic stroke
Authors: Jung Jihye , Choi Wonjae , Lee Seungwon
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Symmetry of gait is an important component of rehabilitation in stroke patients. Insufficient weight-bearing causes gait asymmetry. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the immediate effects of sufficient weight-bearing on the forefoot during the stance phase using visual feedback. METHODS: Twenty-seven individuals with stroke enrolled in this study. All patients were evaluated for gait parameters with and without visual feedback. Visual feedback was provided through a smart application and a beam projector screen that showed a weight shift as a change in color. Spatiotemporal gait parameters were evaluated, resulting in values for a calculated symmetry index, in addition to heel % and toe % temporal values. RESULTS: Velocity and cadence were significantly decreased when visual feedback was provided (p< 0.05). Spatiotemporal parameters, except for bilateral step length, swing time of affected side, and single-limb support of less affected side, showed significant improvement (p< 0.05). The gait pattern of subjects was more symmetrical with visual feedback compared to non-visual feedback (p< 0.05). The toe-on time significantly improved on the affected side with visual feedback (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that visual feedback aids in the improvement of gait symmetry, forefoot weight-bearing on the affected side, and spatiotemporal parameters.
Detecting breast cancer using artificial intelligence: Convolutional neural network
Authors: Choudhury Avishek , Perumalla Sunanda
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: One of the most broadly founded approaches to envisage cancer treatment relies upon a pathologist’s efficiency to visually inspect the appearances of bio-markers on the invasive tumor tissue section. Lately, deep learning techniques have radically enriched the ability of computers to identify objects in images fostering the prospect for fully automated computer-aided diagnosis. Given the noticeable role of nuclear structure in cancer detection, AI’s pattern recognizing ability can expedite the diagnostic process. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we propose and implement an image classification technique to identify breast cancer. METHODS: We implement the convolutional neural network (CNN) on breast cancer image data set to identify invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). RESULT: The proposed CNN model after data augmentation yielded 78.4% classification accuracy. 16% of IDC (-) were predicted incorrectly (false negative) whereas 25% of IDC (+) were predicted incorrectly (false positive). CONCLUSION: The results achieved by the proposed approach have shown that it is feasible to employ a convolutional neural network particularly for breast cancer classification tasks. However, a common problem in any artificial intelligence algorithm is its dependence on the data set. Therefore, the performance of the proposed model might not be generalized.
La legislación laboral durante la etapa de gobierno socialista (1982-1996)
Authors: Alemán Páez Francisco
Published: May 2020

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"La figura del padre en las familias de las sociedades desarrolladas" (Recensión)
Authors: Rul-lán Buades Gaspar
Published: May 2020

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Democracia contra corrupción
Authors: Jiménez Villarejo Carlos
Published: May 2020

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Role of the Local Government and Participation of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) In the Development of Plastic Craft Industry
Authors: Mustoffa Ardyan Firdausi , Ulfah Ika Farida , Wijayanti Iin
Published: May 2020

This study aims to describe the role of local government and the participation of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the development of Plastic Woven Crafts in Karanggebang Jetis Village, Ponorogo Regency. The theory used in the formulation of the first problem regarding the role of local government uses the theory of Gede Diva (2009) which divides the role of government in three ways, namely the role of government as a facilitator, the role of government as regulator and the role of government as a catalyst. Second, the participation of UMKM actors uses the theory of Cohen and Uphoff in Distianto (2016) into four forms of participation, namely participation in planning, participation in implementation, participation in the utilization of results and finally participation in evaluation.This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. The technique of determining informants using purposive sampling techniques and data collection techniques carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this research in the efforts to develop UMKM Plastic Weaving Crafts in Karanggebang Jetis Village, Ponorogo Regency, in general, there has been no interference from the government and UMKM entrepreneurs. So far, plastic woven crafts are still not developed. To develop UMKM especially plastic woven handicrafts located in Karanggebang Jetis, it is necessary to have the role of government and participation of UMKM actors.
Linguistic Data Model for Natural Languages and Artificial Intelligence. Part 4. Language
Authors: Polyakov O. M.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The paper continues a series of publications on linguistics of relations (hereinafter R–linguistics) and is devoted to questions of the formation of a language from a linguistic model of the world. Moreover, the language is considered in its most general form, without taking into account the grammatical component. This allows you to focus on the general problems of language formation. Namely, this allows us to show why language adequately reflects the model of the world and what are the features of the transition from model to language. This new approach to language is relevant in connection with the formation of an understanding of the common core in all natural languages, as well as in connection with the needs for the formation of artificial intelligence subsystems of interaction with humans.

Methodology and sources. Research methods consist in the formulation and proof of theorems about language spaces and their properties. The materials of the paper and the given proofs are based on the previously stated ideas about linguistic spaces and their decompositions into signs.

Results and discussion. The paper shows how, in the most general form, the formation of language structures takes place. Namely, why does language adequately reflect the linguistic model, and what is the difference between linguistic and language spaces? The concepts of an open and closed form of the language are formulated, as well as the law of form. Examples of open and closed forms of the language are shown. It is shown that the formation of the language allows you to compensate for the lack of real signs in the surrounding world while maintaining the prognostic properties of the model.

Conclusion. Any natural language is a reflection of the human world model. Moreover, all natural languages are similar in terms of the principles of forming the core of the language (language space). Language spaces standardize the models of the world by equalizing real and fictional signs of categories. In addition, the transition to language simplifies some of the problems of pattern recognition and opens the way to the logic of natural language.
The Concept “Semantic Invariant" as a Cognitive Term
Authors: Pesina S. A.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The purpose of the paper is to prove the semantic integrity of the meanings of polysemous words based on the use of the concepts “semantic network“ and “lexical invariant“. The relevance of this study lies in the lack of sufficient support of semantic integrity of lexemes, since there are contradictory linguistic data in favor of the so-called list theory of word representation in the mental lexicon. We put forward the hypothesis of network structuring of word meanings based on the “lexical invariant“, understood as a set of dominant basic semantic components, which underlie contextual meanings in one of their configurations. We pointed out the characteristic features and advantages of the network model of polysemous words as an open system capable of building an unlimited number of connections. The study is also concerned with the determination of the way the meanings are mapped in the semantic space of the lexicon by means of revealing the content of the semantic structures of the polysemous words.

Methodology and sources. The paper presents an empirical invariant-component method of analyzing a polysemous word “key“.

Results and discussion. The main results of the study indicate that there are numerous interconnected semantic networks of polysemous words in the lexicon. They function as multi-level configurations of meanings, which are cemented by dominant invariant meanings. Invariant meanings are eventually formed as a result of multiple use of all metaphorical meanings clusters, which allow native speakers to effectively navigate in the surrounding language environment.

Conclusion. The results of our study have proved the idea that native speakers do not need detailed information (numerous semantic components) to interpret this or that meaning. The number of components they use in everyday communication is limited but sufficient for general understanding of the words and texts contents. The research results enabled us to draw a conclusion that in order to preserve the semantic integrity of a word structure, the number of meanings must remain within the limits of the invariant semantic components. The invariant lexical components form clusters of integral and differential types that combined in different configurations form a word desired meaning.
The Prediction of Internet Technology Utilization within Learning Environments
Authors: Nyokabi Khakata Esther , Samuel Msanjila Simon , Oteke Omwenga Vincent
Published: May 2020

Internet technology has been revolutionary over the years especially in the educational sector. However, the utility of internet technology in the learning process of a student in a higher learning institution has not been determined over the years. This has been due to the evolution that has taken place in education. This paper aims at helping in the development of an algorithmic model that will be used for the prediction of internet technology utilization in learning. Specifically, the research will focus on modelling the Cobb- Douglas production theorem to predict the learning output of a given student considering the utility of the internet technology, the infrastructural investment made by the institution of higher learning and the effort of the student. The results of this ongoing research will eventually be of great importance in helping institutions of higher learning determine their returns after investing in internet technology. The students will also be informed on how to use the internet technology in a better way in order to get the best out of the resource.
A Study of Chinese Piano Works from the Perspective of Ethnomusicology
Authors: Bi Huan
Published: May 2020

Chinese piano works are closely related to folk music. In piano education, Chinese piano works should be analyzed from the perspective of ethnomusicology to guide the students to accurately understand and feel the characteristics and charm of national music culture. This paper probes into the unique national cultural characteristics, national musical styles and musical aesthetic characteristics of Chinese piano works.