bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial polymer composites with anti-biofouling features for floating solar power plant applications: Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Sahai RSN , Khan Mohammed Wasim , Jadhav Ankur , Sharma Manju
Published: October 2023

Antimicrobial hybrid polymer composites are developed for application in floating solar power plants. To avoid the degradation of the floater because of microbes living in the water as well as possible biofouling, zinc oxide (ZnO) is used as an antimicrobial agent, varying the weight percent (1, 2, and 3 wt%) within the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix, along with carbon black (CB) as a reinforcing agent (1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 wt%). Escherichia coli (facultative anaerobic) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (aerobic-facultatively anaerobic) gram-negative bacteria formed a biofilm on HDPE in a 96-well plate for 5 days. In vitro, biofilm formation was determined by measuring absorbance (A420) in crystal violet dye, and the colony-forming unit (CFU) was determined by the spread plating technique. The biofilm formation and disruption are observed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM), where both the CFU and the SEM revealed uniform formation of biofilm onto neat HDPE. The best performance in terms of reduced biofilm formation and biofouling onto HDPE floaters was achieved for E. coli (ZnO: 2 wt% and CB: 2 wt%), whereas for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ZnO: 3 wt% and CB: 2 wt%). Application of greener polymers and nanoparticles for future studies is highly recommended.
A successful treatment with oral beta-blocker: A case report of a recurrent pyogenic granuloma in the external auditory canal
Authors: Alakhras Ola , Baroudi Ihsan , Alahmad Ola , Douri Thaer
Published: October 2023

Pyogenic granuloma or lobular capillary hemangioma is a vascular proliferation of the skin and mucosal surface, most commonly in the oral or nasal cavity. To the best of our knowledge, a few cases of auricular pyogenic granuloma were published in the literature. In our case, a 14-year-old female complained of a recurrent pyogenic granuloma in the external auditory canal that regressed successfully with the oral beta-blocker treatment.
A Shifting Centrality: The Evolution of Turkish Strategic Posture
Authors: Cristiani Dario
Published: October 2023

This article examines the changing patterns in Türkiye’s strategic and military posture since the establishment of the Republic, with a focus on the developments, and changes, since the 1980s. Originally based on the two principles of deterrence and collective security, this view has later developed in other directions. In the 1980s, this posture started to shift as Türkiye became a more assertive regional player, and the domestic civilian–military balances were changing. This evolution would emerge more visibly under the AKP, as a new perception of the Turkish geographical centrality brought the country to play a pro-active regional and international role, exemplified by the emergence of Türkiye as a peacekeeping actor with an aggressive economic foreign policy. In this period, the Turkish strategic view evolved, making active engagement and forward defense two pillars of a new approach.
Nutrition Education in Medical Schools: What do Medical Students Think?
Authors: Boyce Shanika , Dong Huan V , Guerrero Alma , Thang Christine , Garell Cambria , Carpenter Catherine , Slusser Wendelin
Published: October 2023

Objective

To examine medical students’ perceptions of the nutrition education received and their ability to apply that knowledge in clinical settings.

Methods

This is a qualitative study using a structured survey with free responses to solicit the perspective of US medical students regarding their nutrition education. A national online survey was distributed by the American Academy of Pediatrics, Section on Pediatric Trainees. An expert committee in nutrition education evaluated and conducted a thematic analysis of the survey responses.

Results

Twenty-four surveys were completed (10 medical students and 14 pediatric interns). The survey revealed students were not satisfied with the nutrition education they received in several areas including nutritional recommendations for obesity and prediabetes/diabetes; nutritional needs during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescent age-related dietary recommendations; cultural influences on diet and eating habits; and food insecurity. Students also reported a lack of confidence in providing healthful nutrition counseling to adolescent patients and delivering culturally appropriate nutrition advice.

Conclusions

Survey responses revealed the need for improvements in several areas of nutrition curricula related to health and chronic disease management and suggest broader social determinants of health such as cultural influences on nutrition practices and food insecurity. The results of this survey provide unique insight into the medical student perspective on nutrition education and can inform the development of future medical school nutrition curriculums.
Call for Action: Undergraduate Medical Education Assessment—Advocating for a Transition From Tiered to Competency-Based Grading
Authors: Abraham Cynthia
Published: October 2023

Traditionally, undergraduate medical education (UME) grading has been based on a tiered system. Tier-based grading can cause anxiety as medical students are compared to their peers. Students then become overly driven by the pursuit of creating favorable impressions by supervisors as well as by high grades. Additionally, the emphasis on normative parameters appears to misalign with the goal of UME which is to not sort learners into different residency programs but to train future doctors to meet the needs of society. This commentary is a call for action to shift from utilizing a normative-based grading paradigm in UME to implementing one in which learners are being assessed on their ability to attain specific competencies. It is important that UME transitions to competency-based assessments as the graduate medical education (GME) realm has already adopted this framework.
Drug-coated balloon for treatment of non-atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis—a multi-center study
Authors: Song Xitao , Fu Yining , Lai Zhichao , Di Xiao , Zeng Rong , Shao Jiang , Ni Leng , Liu Zhili , Song Xiaojun , Ye Wei , Liu Changwei , Liu Bao , Zheng Yuehong , Chen Yuexin
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a significant reason for secondary hypertension. Impaired renal function and subsequent cardiopulmonary dysfunction could also occur. Patients of non-atherosclerotic RAS has a relatively young age and long life expectancy. Revascularization with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is a viable treatment option. However, restenosis is unavoidable which limits its use. Drug-coated balloon (DCB) has been proven to be effective in restenosis prevention in femoropopliteal arterial diseases and in patients with renal artery stenosis. And PTA for Renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia is safe and clinically successful. Therefore, we could speculate that DCB might have potential efficacy in non-atherosclerotic RAS treatment.

Methods and analysis

This will be a randomized multi-center-controlled trial. Eighty-four eligible participants will be assigned randomly in a 1:1 ratio to the control group (plain old balloon, POB) and the experimental group (DCB). Subjects in the former group will receive balloon dilatation alone, and in the latter group will undergo the DCB angioplasty. The DCB used in this study will be a paclitaxel-coated balloon (Orchid, Acotec Scientific Holdings Limited, Beijing, China). Follow-up visits will be scheduled 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the intervention. Primary outcomes will include controlled blood pressure and primary patency in the 9-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes will include technical success rate, complication rate, and bail-out stenting rate.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT 05858190).

Protocol version V.4 (3 May 2023).
A case of Vagococcus fluvialis isolated from the bile of a patient with calculous cholecystitis
Authors: Zhang Dan , Wang Xiaosu , Yu Jingdan , Dai Zheng , Li Qichao , Zhang Litao
Published: October 2023

Background

Chronic cholecystitis, characterized by persistent inflammation of the gallbladder, predominantly stems from the prolonged presence of gallstones. Calculous cholecystitis has demonstrated a consistent escalation in its incidence over time.Gallbladder stones have been recognized as a predisposing factor for the development of biliary tract infections.Concomitantly, there have been substantial shifts in the distribution and resistance profiles of pathogenic microorganisms responsible for biliary tract infections. The timely acquisition of bile samples for pathogen analysis is of paramount importance, given its critical role in guiding judicious clinical pharmacotherapy and enhancing patient prognosis.

Case Presentation

We present a case involving a 66-year-old female patient who had previously undergone subtotal gastrectomy due to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient was admitted to our institution with complaints of abdominal pain. Subsequent diagnostic evaluation revealed concurrent choledocholithiasis and cholecystolithiasis. The patient underwent surgical cholecystectomy as the therapeutic approach. Histopathological examination of the excised gallbladder disclosed characteristic features indicative of chronic cholecystitis. Subsequent laboratory analysis of the patient’s bile specimen yielded Gram-positive cocci, subsequently identified through biochemical assays, mass spectrometry, and 16 S rRNA analysis asVagococcus fluvialis. Further in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing using disk diffusion and microfluidic dilution showed that this strain exhibited inhibition zone diameters ranging from 12.0 to 32.0 mm in response to 26 antibiotics, including ampicillin, cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin, ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone/sulbactam, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobarb, penicillin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, methotrexate/sulfamethoxazole, teicoplanin, linezolid, tigecycline, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, levofloxacin, minocycline and tobramycin. However, the inhibition zone diameters were 6.0 mm for amikacin, oxacillin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. The patient received ceftazidime anti-infective therapy both preoperatively and within 24 h postoperatively and was discharged successfully one week after surgery.

Conclusion

In this study, we present the inaugural isolation and identification ofVagococcus fluvialisfrom bile specimens of patients afflicted with calculous cholecystitis. This novel finding lays a substantial experimental groundwork for guiding clinically rational antimicrobial therapy and advancing the exploration of relevant pathogenic mechanisms pertaining toVagococcus fluvialisinfections.
Racial disparities in cancer genetic counseling encounters: study protocol for investigating patient-genetic counselor communication in the naturalistic clinical setting using a convergent mixed methods design
Authors: Hagiwara Nao , Harika Nadia , Carmany Erin P. , Shin Yongyun , Eggly Susan , Jones Shawn C. T. , Quillin John
Published: October 2023

Background

Despite decades of effort to reduce racial cancer disparities, Black people continue to die at higher rates from cancer than any other U.S. racial group. Because prevention is a key to the cost-effective and long-term control of cancer, the potential for cancer genetic counseling to play a central role in reducing racial cancer disparities is high. However, the benefits of genetic counseling are not equitable across race. Only 2% of genetic counselors self-identify as Black/African American, so most genetic counseling encounters with Black patients are racially discordant. Patients in racially discordant medical interactions tend to have poorer quality patient-provider communication and receive suboptimal clinical recommendations. One major factor that contributes to these healthcare disparities is racial bias. Drawing on findings from prior research, we hypothesize that genetic counselor providers’ implicit racial prejudice will be associated negatively with the quality of patient-provider communication, while providers’ explicit negative racial stereotypes will be associated negatively with the comprehensiveness of clinical discussions of cancer risk and genetic testing for Black (vs. White) patients.

Methods

Using a convergent mixed methods research design, we will collect data from at least 15 genetic counseling providers, from two different institutions, and their 220 patients (approximately equal number of Black and White patients per provider) whose appointments are for a hereditary cancer condition. The data sources will include two provider surveys, two patient surveys, video- and/or audio-recordings of genetic counseling encounters, and medical chart reviews. The recorded cancer genetic counseling in-person and telehealth encounters will be analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively to assess the quality of patient-provider communication and the comprehensiveness of clinical discussion. Those data will be linked to pre- and post-encounter survey data and data from medical chart reviews to test our hypotheses.

Discussion

Findings from this multi-site study will highlight specific aspects of cancer genetic counseling encounters (patient-provider communication and clinical recommendations) that are directly associated with patient-centered outcomes (e.g., satisfaction, trust, genetic testing completion). Patient-provider communication and clinical recommendations are modifiable factors that can be integrated into current genetic counseling training curricula and thus can have immediate impact on genetic counseling training and practice.
Prognostic significance of the stress hyperglycemia ratio in critically ill patients
Authors: Li Le , Zhao Minghao , Zhang Zhuxin , Zhou Likun , Zhang Zhenhao , Xiong Yulong , Hu Zhao , Yao Yan
Published: October 2023

Background

The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) has demonstrated a noteworthy association with unfavorable cardiovascular clinical outcomes and heightened in-hospital mortality. Nonetheless, this relationship in critically ill patients remains uncertain. This study aims to elucidate the correlation between SHR and patient prognosis within the critical care setting.

Methods

A total of 8978 patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) were included in this study. We categorized SHR into uniform groups and assessed its relationship with mortality using logistic or Cox regression analysis. Additionally, we employed the restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis method to further evaluate the correlation between SHR as a continuous variable and mortality. The outcomes of interest in this study were in-hospital and 1-year all-cause mortality.

Results

In this investigation, a total of 825 (9.2%) patients experienced in-hospital mortality, while 3,130 (34.9%) individuals died within the 1-year follow-up period. After adjusting for confounding variables, we identified a U-shaped correlation between SHR and both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. Specifically, within the SHR range of 0.75–0.99, the incidence of adverse events was minimized. For each 0.25 increase in the SHR level within this range, the risk of in-hospital mortality rose by 1.34-fold (odds ratio [OR]: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.25–1.44), while a 0.25 decrease in SHR within 0.75–0.99 range increased risk by 1.38-fold (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.10–1.75).

Conclusion

There was a U-shaped association between SHR and short- and long-term mortality in critical ill patients, and the inflection point of SHR for poor prognosis was identified at an SHR value of 0.96.
New insights into the nutritional genomics of adult-onset riboflavin-responsive diseases
Authors: Murgia Chiara , Dehlia Ankush , Guthridge Mark A.
Published: October 2023

Riboflavin, or vitamin B2, is an essential nutrient that serves as a precursor to flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN). The binding of the FAD and/or FMN cofactors to flavoproteins is critical for regulating their assembly and activity. There are over 90 proteins in the human flavoproteome that regulate a diverse array of biochemical pathways including mitochondrial metabolism, riboflavin transport, ubiquinone and FAD synthesis, antioxidant signalling, one-carbon metabolism, nitric oxide signalling and peroxisome oxidative metabolism. The identification of patients with genetic variants in flavoprotein genes that lead to adult-onset pathologies remains a major diagnostic challenge. However, once identified, many patients with adult-onset inborn errors of metabolism demonstrate remarkable responses to riboflavin therapy. We review the structure:function relationships of mutant flavoproteins and propose new mechanistic insights into adult-onset riboflavin-responsive pathologies and metabolic dysregulations that apply to multiple biochemical pathways. We further address the vexing issue of how the inheritance of genetic variants in flavoprotein genes leads to an adult-onset disease with complex symptomologies and varying severities. We also propose a broad clinical framework that may not only improve the current diagnostic rates, but also facilitate a personalized approach to riboflavin therapy that is low cost, safe and lead to transformative outcomes in many patients.
Validation in Zambia of a cervical screening strategy including HPV genotyping and artificial intelligence (AI)-based automated visual evaluation
Authors: Parham Groesbeck P. , Egemen Didem , Befano Brian , Mwanahamuntu Mulindi H. , Rodriguez Ana Cecilia , Antani Sameer , Chisele Samson , Munalula Mukatimui Kalima , Kaunga Friday , Musonda Francis , Malyangu Evans , Shibemba Aaron Lunda , de Sanjose Silvia , Schiffman Mark , Sahasrabuddhe Vikrant V.
Published: October 2023

Background

WHO has recommended HPV testing for cervical screening where it is practical and affordable. If used, it is important to both clarify and implement the clinical management of positive results. We estimated the performance in Lusaka, Zambia of a novel screening/triage approach combining HPV typing with visual assessment assisted by a deep-learning approach called automated visual evaluation (AVE).

Methods

In this well-established cervical cancer screening program nested inside public sector primary care health facilities, experienced nurses examined women with high-quality digital cameras; the magnified illuminated images permit inspection of the surface morphology of the cervix and expert telemedicine quality assurance. Emphasizing sensitive criteria to avoid missing precancer/cancer, ~ 25% of women screen positive, reflecting partly the high HIV prevalence. Visual screen-positive women are treated in the same visit by trained nurses using either ablation (~ 60%) or LLETZ excision, or referred for LLETZ or more extensive surgery as needed. We added research elements (which did not influence clinical care) including collection of HPV specimens for testing and typing with BD Onclarity™ with a five channel output (HPV16, HPV18/45, HPV31/33/52/58, HPV35/39/51/56/59/66/68, human DNA control), and collection of triplicate cervical images with a Samsung Galaxy J8 smartphone camera™ that were analyzed using AVE, an AI-based algorithm pre-trained on a large NCI cervical image archive. The four HPV groups and three AVE classes were crossed to create a 12-level risk scale, ranking participants in order of predicted risk of precancer. We evaluated the risk scale and assessed how well it predicted the observed diagnosis of precancer/cancer.

Results

HPV type, AVE classification, and the 12-level risk scale all were strongly associated with degree of histologic outcome. The AVE classification showed good reproducibility between replicates, and added finer predictive accuracy to each HPV type group. Women living with HIV had higher prevalence of precancer/cancer; the HPV-AVE risk categories strongly predicted diagnostic findings in these women as well.

Conclusions

These results support the theoretical efficacy of HPV-AVE-based risk estimation for cervical screening. If HPV testing can be made affordable, cost-effective and point of care, this risk-based approach could be one management option for HPV-positive women.
PacBio long read-assembled draft genome of Pythium insidiosum strain Pi-S isolated from a Thai patient with pythiosis
Authors: Krajaejun Theerapong , Patumcharoenpol Preecha , Rujirawat Thidarat , Kittichotirat Weerayuth , Tangphatsornruang Sithichoke , Lohnoo Tassanee , Yingyong Wanta
Published: October 2023

Objectives

Pythium insidiosum is the causative agent of pythiosis, a difficult-to-treat condition, in humans and animals worldwide. Biological information about this filamentous microorganism is sparse. Genomes of several P. insidiosum strains were sequenced using the Illumina short-read NGS platform, producing incomplete genome sequence data. PacBio long-read platform was employed to obtain a better-quality genome of Pythium insidiosum. The obtained genome data could promote basic research on the pathogen’s biology and pathogenicity.

Data description

gDNA sample was extracted from the P. insidiosum strain Pi-S for whole-genome sequencing by PacBio long-read NGS platform. Raw reads were assembled using CANU (v2.1), polished using ARROW (SMRT link version 5.0.1), aligned with the original raw PacBio reads using pbmm2 (v1.2.1), consensus sequence checked using ARROW, and gene predicted using Funannotate pipeline (v1.7.4). The genome completion was assessed using BUSCO (v4.0.2). As a result, 840 contigs (maximum length: 1.3 Mb; N50: 229.9 Kb; L50: 70) were obtained. Sequence assembly showed a genome size of 66.7 Mb (178x coverage; 57.2% G-C content) that contained 20,375 ORFs. A BUSCO-based assessment revealed 85.5% genome completion. All assembled contig sequences have been deposited in the NCBI database under the accession numbers BBXB02000001 - BBXB02000840.
Development and application of classical swine fever virus monoclonal antibodies derived from single B cells
Authors: Ma Zhongyuan , Zhao Yongcong , Lv Jianliang , Pan Li
Published: October 2023

Vaccination with E2 subunit vaccines is currently the main measure to control classical swine fever virus (CSFV), which is an endemic disease, and detection of antibodies against CSFV E2 is the most effective way to evaluate herd immunity. In the present study, the E2 protein was expressed by a baculovirus expression system, and two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), namely, 3A9 and 4F7, were successfully produced using techniques for the isolation of single B cells from splenocytes from mice immunized with the E2 protein. Moreover, two linear B-cell epitopes, 25GLTTTWKEYSHDLQL39 and 259GNTTVKVHASDERGP273, reactive to 3A9 and 4F7, respectively, were identified using epitope mapping of the E2 protein. In addition, the diagnostic performance of the two mAbs was evaluated using blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA), and the results showed that the two mAbs had high diagnostic specificity (96.08%, 94.38%) and diagnostic sensitivity (97.49%, 95.97%). Together, these findings identify two ideal candidate peptides and matching mAbs for a new method of CSFV diagnosis, which will contribute to the control and eradication of classical swine fever.
Expanding the genotype–phenotype correlations in Alport syndrome: novel mutations, digenic inheritance, and genetic modifiers
Authors: Sahin Ibrahim , Kandemir Nefise , Saat Hanife
Published: October 2023

Background

Alport syndrome (AS) is the second most prevalent genetic cause of kidney failure, behind autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease, affecting at least one in 5000 individuals worldwide. AS is caused by COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5 mutations. It is characterized as three distinct disorders of type IV collagen 3/4/5 based on a genetic evaluation: X-linked, autosomal, and digenic. About two-thirds of AS cases are X-linked (XLAS), 15% are autosomal recessive (ARAS), and 20% are autosomal dominant (ADAS). The spectrum of phenotypes associated with AS ranges from increasing renal disease with extrarenal abnormalities to isolated hematuria. Coinherited genetic mutations contribute significantly to clinical severity and variability.

Methods

In this study, an AS panel (COL4A3/COL4A4/COL4A5) and clinical exome sequencing (CES) were performed on 18 patients.

Results

Nineteen specific AS mutations, including 15 novel mutations, were found in these 18 cases, which included 17 Turkish families and 1 Syrian family. Digenic inheritance was observed in one patient, and eight coinherited genetic mutations were discovered.

Conclusions

This research reveals many novel AS mutations and shows robust genotype–phenotype heterogeneity in the disease. The results expand the clinical and molecular scope of AS and clarify the ADAS and digenic AS phenotypes, further enhancing our understanding of the complex nature of AS and its association with genetic modifiers. The data broaden the spectrum of AS-related gene mutations and provide new insights on genotype–phenotype correlations in AS.
The mechanism of ferroptosis and its related diseases
Authors: Feng Shijian , Tang Dan , Wang Yichang , Li Xiang , Bao Hui , Tang Chengbing , Dong Xiuju , Li Xinna , Yang Qinxue , Yan Yun , Yin Zhijie , Shang Tiantian , Zheng Kaixuan , Huang Xiaofang , Wei Zuheng , Wang Kunjie , Qi Shiqian
Published: October 2023

Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cellular death characterized by the iron-mediated accumulation of lipid peroxides, provides a novel avenue for delving into the intersection of cellular metabolism, oxidative stress, and disease pathology. We have witnessed a mounting fascination with ferroptosis, attributed to its pivotal roles across diverse physiological and pathological conditions including developmental processes, metabolic dynamics, oncogenic pathways, neurodegenerative cascades, and traumatic tissue injuries. By unraveling the intricate underpinnings of the molecular machinery, pivotal contributors, intricate signaling conduits, and regulatory networks governing ferroptosis, researchers aim to bridge the gap between the intricacies of this unique mode of cellular death and its multifaceted implications for health and disease. In light of the rapidly advancing landscape of ferroptosis research, we present a comprehensive review aiming at the extensive implications of ferroptosis in the origins and progress of human diseases. This review concludes with a careful analysis of potential treatment approaches carefully designed to either inhibit or promote ferroptosis. Additionally, we have succinctly summarized the potential therapeutic targets and compounds that hold promise in targeting ferroptosis within various diseases. This pivotal facet underscores the burgeoning possibilities for manipulating ferroptosis as a therapeutic strategy. In summary, this review enriched the insights of both investigators and practitioners, while fostering an elevated comprehension of ferroptosis and its latent translational utilities. By revealing the basic processes and investigating treatment possibilities, this review provides a crucial resource for scientists and medical practitioners, aiding in a deep understanding of ferroptosis and its effects in various disease situations.
Development of a model for a walking robot made of Desai mechanism using ANN and regression approach
Authors: Venkatagiriyappa Raghavendra Bommanahalli , Annigeri Anandkumar R. , Srikantamurthy Jogipalya Shivananjappa
Published: October 2023

The study focuses on computing the optimized foot profile for a walking leg mechanism using artificial neural network (ANN), genetic algorithm, and regression approaches. The technique adopted in this work is the benchmark approach and acts as a tool for complex problems. A mathematical model using regression and ANN is developed for the 8-link coplanar mechanism. Optimum link lengths are obtained to minimize the objective function (error). The output response is the foot length with a minimum foot height of 124 mm for obstacle clearance. A neural network is designed with seven neurons (one neuron/link) in the input layer. Optimum neurons in the hidden layer are determined based on the output obtained through simulation. A single neuron is used to represent the foot profile length at the output layer. The foot lengths obtained from the regression model and ANN are compared and validated with a genetic algorithm for the data sets of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500. Simulation studies of the walking leg mechanism revealed a difference of 19%, 22.4%, and 5.23% in the foot profile by ANN and mathematical, ANN and regression model, and mathematical and regression approach respectively. This paper reveals that different approaches viz., ANN, mathematical and regression models generate dissimilar foot profiles.
Rhythmic Refrains
Authors: Hendricks Ashley
Published: October 2023

In the 1920s and 1930s, Duke Ellington collaborated with several directors who narrativized his compositions for short films; Ellington's collaborations A Bundle of Blues (1933) and Symphony in Black (1935) with Fred Waller, Paramount's special-effects man turned director, remain just out of step with the many other jazz shorts from the period. While synchronization was well-utilized by the time Ellington and Waller's films were released, their films are notable for the absence of synchronized tap sounds. This absence gestures to a breakdown in the illusion of synchronization delivering knowable bodies, positioning the films as disruptive not only to the jazz short genre but to earlier sound film. This article meditates on the potential arising from the films’ failure of synchronicity to engage the audience in a “fugitive” mode of listening and viewing.
Volumetric Analysis of Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas: Prognostic Correlation and a Compartmentalized Approach
Authors: Zohdy Youssef M. , Jacob Fadi , Agam Matthew , Alawieh Ali , Bray David , Barbero J. Manuel Revuelta , Argaw Samson A. , Maldonado Justin , Rodas Alejandra , Sudhakar Vivek , Porto Edoardo , Peragallo Jason H. , Olson Jeffrey J. , Pradilla Gustavo , Garzon-Muvdi Tomas
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Spheno-orbital meningiomas arise from the arachnoid villi cap cells at the sphenoid ridge and have the ability to spread through soft tissue extension and cranial bone invasion. Owing to their orbital hyperostosis and intraorbital soft tissue extension, they commonly present with ophthalmologic manifestations. This study aims to investigate the correlation between tumor volume with the presenting symptoms and postoperative outcomes.

METHODS:

This retrospective study analyzed patients who underwent surgical resection of spheno-orbital meningiomas. Tumor volumes in different compartments were measured using preoperative and postoperative imaging. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to identify correlations between tumor volumes and presenting symptoms preoperatively and postoperative outcomes.

RESULTS:

Sixty-six patients were included in this study, of whom 86.4% had proptosis, 80.3% had decreased visual acuity (VA), 30.3% had visual field defects, and 13.6% had periorbital edema. Preoperatively, proptosis linearly correlated with intraosseous tumor volume (coefficient = 0.6, P < .001), while the decrease in baseline VA correlated with the intraorbital tumor volume (coefficient = 0.3, P = .01). The odds of periorbital edema were found to increase with an increase in intraosseous tumor volume with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.4 (95% CI, 1.1-1.7, P = .003), while the odds of visual field defects were found to increase with an increase in intraorbital tumor volume with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.7 (95% CI, 1.3-5.6, P = .01). Postoperatively, the volume of intraosseous tumor resected linearly correlated with the improvement in proptosis (coefficient = 0.7, P < .001), while the volume of intraorbital tumor resected linearly correlated with improvement in VA (coefficient = 0.5, P < .001) and with a larger effect size in patients presenting with moderate-to-severe decrease in VA preoperatively (coefficient = 0.8).

CONCLUSION:

Underscoring the importance of each tumor compartment relative to the patient's symptomatology serves as a valuable guide in implementing a compartmentalized resection approach tailored to the surgical objectives.
Accelerated Fear Extinction by Regular Light-Intensity Exercise: A Possible Role of Hippocampal BDNF-TrkB Signaling
Authors: SHIMODA RYO , AMAYA YUKI , OKAMOTO MASAHIRO , SOYA SHINGO , SOYA MARIKO , KOIZUMI HIKARU , NAKAMURA KENGO , HIRAGA TAICHI , TORMA FERENC , SOYA HIDEAKI
Published: October 2023

Purpose

Growing concern exists worldwide about stress-related mental disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), often linked to hippocampal dysfunctions. Recognizing this connection, regular light-intensity exercise (LIE)—such as yoga, walking, or slow jogging—may offer a solution. Easily accessible even to vulnerable individuals, LIE has been found to enhance hippocampus-based cognitive functions through the stimulation of neurotrophic factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). A prior study that demonstrated BDNF’s role in extinguishing original fear memory further leads us to propose that a consistent LIE training might drive fear extinction learning, offering potential therapeutic benefits through BDNF signaling.

Methods

Eleven-week-old Wistar rats underwent 4 wk of training under conditions of sedentary, LIE, or moderate-intensity exercise (MOE) after contextual or auditory fear conditioning. Subsequently, fear extinction tests were performed. We then administered intraperitoneal (i.p.) ANA-12, a selective antagonist of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), or a vehicle to explore the role of BDNF signaling in exercise-induced fear extinction among the LIE rats. Following the regular exercise training, further fear extinction tests were conducted, and hippocampal protein analysis was performed using Western blotting.

Results

Both LIE and MOE over 4 wk accelerated hippocampus-associated contextual fear extinction compared with sedentary. In addition, 4 wk of LIE with i.p. administered vehicle increased hippocampal BDNF and TrkB protein levels. In contrast, i.p. ANA-12 administration fully blocked the LIE-enhanced protein levels and its effect on contextual fear extinction.

Conclusions

Our findings reveal that LIE regimen promotes fear extinction learning, at least partially tied to hippocampal BDNF-TrkB signaling. This suggests that even regular light exercise could alleviate the excessive fear response in anxiety disorders and PTSD, providing hope for those affected.
MARKETING AUDIT
Authors: Santos Kelvin Barros , Rocha Ronalty , Santos Jadson Nilo Pereira , Lobato Marília Gabriela Silva
Published: October 2023

This paper analyzed the elements and processes of marketing audit in two small restaurants in Aracaju/SE. Qualitative research was conducted with a case study and evidence collection through interviews, questionnaires, and observations to analyze environmental, system, mix, and productivity analysis as components of marketing audit. The results showed that although the companies have growth potential in the market, they have short-term strategies, such as controlling costs, setting prices, changing the menu, quality of service, and attractive spatial design. On the other hand, the audit found a lack of clear objectives, the absence of regular practices for the collection and analysis of market data, low attention to political forces, and limited performance in the digital environment. In view of the results, this study highlights the components of the marketing audit and proposes improvement actions to optimize the performance of the companies studied.
RELAÇÕES ENTRE OS CONSELHOS DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO E OS ASPECTOS AMBIENTAIS, SOCIAIS E DE GOVERNANÇA NAS EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS LISTADAS NA B3
Authors: Cavalcante Danival Sousa , Bandeira João Mateus Noronha
Published: October 2023

Nos últimos anos, as práticas ambientais, sociais e de governança (ASG) têm ganhado destaque no mercado de capitais, visto que a adoção das referidas práticas se constitui como decisões estratégicas nas empresas, sob a responsabilidade dos conselhos de administração. A pesquisa objetiva analisar a relação entre composição do conselho de administração e aspectos sociais, ambientais e de governança em empresas brasileiras. A amostra é composta por 107 empresas listadas na B3 no ano de 2019 com dados disponíveis na base Refinitiv. Foram aplicados teste de correlação e estimaram-se modelos de regressão linear pelo método de mínimos quadrados ordinários. Os resultados apontam que a independência e o tamanho do conselho de administração apresentam efeitos positivos sobre os aspectos ASG; a participação de mulheres no conselho e a dualidade entre o presidente do conselho e o diretor executivo não apresentaram influência sobres os aspectos ASG nas empresas analisadas.
A malicious violator of the regime of serving a sentence of imprisonment and his responsibility in the penal enforcement legislation
Authors: Gordopolov Andrey , Golovastova Yuliya
Published: October 2023

The monograph examines the problems of the legal status of a malicious violator of the regime of serving a sentence of imprisonment, as well as determining the mechanisms and limits of bringing these persons to responsibility established by the penal enforcement legislation, as a result of which ways of solving them are proposed. In particular, a retrospective analysis of the norms of domestic legislation defining malicious violators of the regime of serving a sentence in the form of imprisonment is carried out; the author's concept, characteristics of malicious violators of the regime, as well as their classification are given; the composition of malicious violation of the regime of freedom as the basis for bringing to justice a convicted person to imprisonment is examined; the system of penalties applied to to a malicious violator of the regime, as well as the procedure for their appointment and execution; the legal consequences of recognizing a convicted person to imprisonment as a malicious violator of the regime of serving a sentence are established; ways to improve the penal enforcement legislation and law enforcement practice in relation to malicious violators of the regime of serving a sentence are determined.
It may be of interest to students, cadets, trainees, graduate students, teachers, law enforcement practitioners, as well as to a wide range of readers interested in the problems of penal enforcement law.
Duch wynalazczy, nauka, fikcja – Jan Szczepanik i Franciszek Pik Mirandola jako prekursorzy science fiction
Authors: Gruchała Wojciech
Published: October 2023

Duch wynalazczy, nauka, fikcja – Jan Szczepanik  i Franciszek Pik Mirandola jako prekursorzy science fiction

Artykuł ukazuje epizod z dziejów literatury science-fiction w Polsce. Przyjaciele z lat szkolnych – Jan Szczepanik i Franciszek Pik Mirandola – wspólnie rozwijali pasję wynalazczą. Pierwszy z nich osiągnął na tym polu światowy sukces, jako twórca technologii tkackich opartych o techniki fotograficzne, a także dzięki wykonaniu kamizelki kuloodpornej dla władcy Hiszpanii, natomiast Franciszek Pik pomysły wynalazków gromadził w szufladzie, starając się zaistnieć jako pisarz. Obaj nosili cechy osobowości podwójnych: Szczepanik wydawał się współczesnym wcieleniem twórczego geniusza niezrozumianego przez mieszczańskie społeczeństwo, drugi kilkakrotnie wracał do zawodu aptekarskiego, marząc o sławie artysty. Kompetencje techniczne Franciszka Pika pozwoliły mu w sposób nowatorski eksperymentować z językiem nauki i snuć z jego pomocą refleksję egzystencjalną i metafizyczną. Opowiadania pisane w ten sposób: Cel, Lux perpetua, Pamiętnik płomienia swą oryginalnością do dziś zadziwiają i stanowią nowatorski wkład Pika w rozwój konwencji prozy fantastyczno-naukowej w Polsce. Niestety, nowatorstwo to nie zyskało za życia artysty poklasku publiczności i podobnie jak genialne wynalazki Szczepanika musiało czekać na ponowne odkrycie już po śmierci autora.
Sylwetka psychofizyczna generała broni Stanisława Maczka
Authors: Marecki Józef
Published: October 2023

Brak
Nihilismo y comunidad en el espacio urbano.
Authors: León Florido Francisco
Published: October 2023

l pensamiento del control técnico dio lugar a la planificación como instrumento del progreso. Perdida la relación natural del hombre con la ciudad se rompen los vínculos sociales. El hombre se separa de sus construcciones sociales. El espacio de la ciudad se concibe independiente de su contenido. Carece de sentido reivindicar los espacios comunes desde la hetereogeneidad, la interculturalidad e interracialidad de la ciudad contemporánea
a ciudad escrita. Fragmentos para una arqueología de la lectura urbana.
Authors: Rodríguez de la Flor Adánez Fernando
Published: October 2023

La ciudad leída como un texto a través de los signos que en una incesante superposición aniquilan significados del pasado para instaurar los propios de su tiempo, ejerce constantemente una función de adoctrinamiento que forma al ciudano. Las nuevas formas de sociabilidad dan lugar a un nuevo espacio urbano donde se desempeñan las funciones semánticas del plano civil y político a través de arquitecturas parlantes.
Geografía y lenguaje de las cosas. La superficie y lo "invisible".
Authors: Dematteis Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

El lenguaje como la poética de /talo Ca/vino en las Ciudades Invisibles descubre a los geógrafos nuevas imágenes del planeta. El determinismo geográfico da lugar a descripciones subjetivas que indagan la estructura interna de la esencia de las cosas físicas.
Velocidad, guerra y vídeo: foro abierto.
Authors: François Ewald Paul Virilio
Published: October 2023

¿Podría ser urbanista Paul Virilio? Probablemente, pero no es sólo urbanista. ¿Arquitecto? No, es más todavía: un filósofo que consagra su tiempo a leer el presente, pero no tanto en lo dicho o escrito sino en lo que se inscribe en el espacio. Paul Virilio pertenece a otra especie: la filosofía de la técnica. Su amigo Claude Parent dijo de él: «Es el arqueólogo del futuro». Lo cierto es que Paul Virilio siempre procura captar las virtualidades de las técnicas que atraviesan nuestros cuerpos y organizan nuestras relaciones con el mundo y con los demás. Su último libro, La velocidad de liberación (Ed. Galilée), propone una descripción sorprendente de un mundo de ahora en adelante ligado a las técnicas de las telecomunicaciones: el tiempo anula el espacio. Paul Virilio describe allí el peligro específico en el accidente en general. E invita a la formación de una ecología gris.
Retargeted vs. Generic Product Recommendations: When is it Valuable to Present Retargeted Recommendations?
Authors: Wan Xiang (Shawn) , Kumar Anuj , Li Xitong
Published: October 2023

Practitioner’s Abstract

Online platforms/retailers widely use collaborative filtering (CF)-based generic product recommendations to improve sales. These systems recommend products to a consumer based on the product co-views and co-purchases by other consumers on the website but do not leverage the consumer’s browsing data. Based on a field study on a U.S. fashion apparel and home goods retailer’s website, we show that informing generic CF recommendations to individual consumers’ browsing history can generate substantial additional sales. Specifically, we show that it is optimal to offer generic CF recommendations to a consumer if the consumer has not carted a product and recommend products he or she has seen in the previous sessions (retargeted recommendations) if he or she has carted a product. Our simulation results show that such recommendations could result in a 3% increase in total sales compared with conventional generic CF recommendations. Online platforms/retailers with detailed consumer browsing data can implement such recommendations to achieve higher sales.
Separation-related problems part 2: owner absence, learning and pain
Authors: Hargrave Claire
Published: October 2023

As veterinary understanding of factors that can initiate separation-related problems has developed, so has the realisation that the range of separation-related behaviours expected to be associated with the condition has expanded. Concurrently, there has been an increased understanding that hyper-attachment may not be necessary for a separation-related problem to occur. This article, the second in a series that considers the veterinary profession's current understanding of separation-related problems, considers the range of associated separation-related behaviours. In addition, the article explores the potential role of owner behaviour, pain and learning in the development and maintenance of separation-related problems. A third article will consider the emotional systems involved during separation-related problems and the necessity for recognition of their role.
Supporting children with Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Crisp Loren
Published: October 2023

What is Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), how does it present and how can you support children and families before and after diagnosis? Loren Crisp, education consultant and mum to a child with DLD, shares her experiences as well as tips for early years practitioners to build their knowledge and help support children with DLD and their families.
Transitions between settings: A growing need for support?
Authors: Mickelburgh Juliet
Published: October 2023

As the number of early years settings closing continues to increase, Juliet Mickelburgh, education adviser at Tapestry and content editor for the Foundation Stage Forum, discuses how to best support children transitioning to a new setting from one which has closed, and help families manage this period of adjustment at home.
‘Remember you're here for the children, no one else’
Authors: Roberts Elly
Published: October 2023

David Heard, senior nursery practitioner at The Oaks Day Nursery, one of the University of Birmingham's three day nurseries, discusses the importance of getting to know every child in order to personalise their experience of early years education. He was awarded joint winner of the Nursery Practitioner of the Year award at this year's Nursery World Awards.
‘Is this an opportunity to reset the relationship with the sector or a stepping-stone to higher Ministerial appointment?’
Authors: Wright David
Published: October 2023

David Wright, ambassador for Paint Pots Nurseries, responds to the appointment of David Johnston as the Department for Education's children's minister at the end of the summer, the eighth person to hold this post within five years.
Skin conditions and diabetes
Authors: Morris David
Published: October 2023

This second article on skin conditions in diabetes looks at skin infections in diabetes and diabetes foot ulceration. By David Morris
The importance of the 5P framework when using dermal fillers
Authors: Singh Harry
Published: October 2023

To get the optimum results and patient satisfaction when using dermal fillers, Dr Harry Singh presents the 5P framework in this article. The framework includes: patient consultation; self assessment of skills by the practitioner; knowing product characteristics; knowing the plane in which you inject the product; and the precision of the dosage. The 5P framework can effectively and efficiently guide practitioners during treatment, while ensuring the best possible results for their patients
Non-surgical rhinoplasty
Authors: Charlson Paul
Published: October 2023

The nose is a prominent feature and its shape is key to determining the attractiveness of the face. Until recently, non-surgical rhinoplasty was the technique of choice but non-surgical options are becoming increasingly popular and are widely used, producing excellent results. This article discusses the various techniques used in non-surgical rhinoplasty such as dermal fillers, thread lifts and botulinum toxins, as well as any potential issues and complications that may arise. Non-surgical rhinoplasty, while a safe and non-invasive alternative to traditional rhinoplasty, has an element of risk. The key to a successful procedure is adequate training, appropriate patient selection and comprehensive consultation