bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA PEGAWAI DINAS KESEHATAN KABUPATEN KOLAKA
Authors: Sultan Syahrul , Kadir Abdul , Jopang Jopang
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis  pengembangan sumber daya manusia pegawai Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Kolaka.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Informan penelitian ditentukan secara purposive sampling sebanyak 11 orang, terdiri dari Kepala Dinas, Sekretaris Dinas, 3 orang Kepala Bidang, 2 orang Kepala Seksi, 2 orang Bidan, 2 orang perawat/sanitarian  Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi,wawancara dan studi dokumen yang selanjutnya dianalisis dengan  teknik kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pengembangan sumber daya manusia pegawai Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Kolaka yang dilakukan melalui pengembangan pengetahuan, pengembangan sikap, pengembangan keterampilan, dan pengembangan bakat sudah terlaksana dengan baik, walaupun perlu optimasi secara kongkret dalam bentuk program yang tertuang dalam Renstra Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Kolaka. Pengembangan ketahanan pegawai belum terlaksana dengan baik, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk peningkatan pengembangan ketahanan untuk mengendalikan setiap persoalan yang berimplikasi positif dan bermanfaat bagi produktivitas kinerja serta memperluas kendali dan motivasi pegawai. Kata Kunci : Pengembangan, Sumber Daya Manusia, Pegawai Kesehatan
Komunikasi Bidan Desa Dalam Membangun Kemitraan Dengan Dukun Bayi Dalam Meningkatkan Derajat Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan
Authors: Sriyanti Kiki , Husain Najib , Harmin Sitti
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh Bidan Desa dalam membangun kemitraan dengan Dukun Bayi dalam meningkatkan derajat kesehatan ibu dan anak di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi komunikasi. Informan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 12 orang terdiri dari Bidan Desa dan Dukun Bayi. Prosedur pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi Bidan Desa dalam membangun kemitraan dengan Dukun Bayi dilakukan melalui tahap percobaan, yaitu melakukan penjajakan kepada Dukun Bayi melalui pendekatan budaya, memahami identitas Dukun Bayi dalam suatu kelompok masyarakat. Tahap pencocokkan yaitu membangun kesepahaman bersama dengan membagi  pengetahuan tentang kesehatan ibu dan anak, menjalankan aturan-aturan yang telah ditetapkan pemerintah, dan membangun kemitraan melalui pembagian peran. Kemudian tahap negosiasi ulang yaitu memastikan hubungan kemitraan tetap berjalan sebagaimana mestinya melalui pendekatan program yang difasilitasi oleh pemerintah daerah.  Kata kunci; Komunikasi, Kemitraan, Bidan Desa, Dukun Bayi.
POLA DAN FUNGSI KOMUNIKASI LEMBAGA EKONOMI MASYARAKAT SEJAHTERA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN AGRIBISNIS DI KABUPATEN KOLAKA TIMUR
Authors: Sarifudin Sawal , Muh. Umran La Ode , Sidu Dasmin
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan serta menganalisis pola komunikasi Lembaga Ekonomi Masyarakat Sejahtera dalam pengembangan agribisnis di Kabupaten Kolaka Timur. Penelitian ini menggunkan pendekatan kualitatif, informan dalam penelitian ini ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yang berjumlah sebanyak 10 orang yang terdiri dari ketua lembaga dan anggota Lembaga Ekonomi Masyarakat sejahtera. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi yang kemudian data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui analisis data interaktif yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pola komunikasi pada Lembaga Ekonomi Masyarakat sejahtera di Kabupaten Kolaka Timur yaitu komunikasi satu arah, komunikasi dua arah yang terdiri dari komunikasi dua arah vertikal baik antara ketua dengan anggota lembaga dan komunikasi horizontal antara sesama ketua atau sesama anggota dan komunikasi multi arah. Fungsi komunikasi pada Lembaga Ekonomi Masyarakat sejahterah di Kabupaten Kolaka Timur yaitu memberikan informasi, mendidik dan mempengaruhi.Kata Kunci: Pola Komuniasi, Lembaga Ekonomi Masyarakat
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMBERIAN TUNJANGAN PERBAIKAN PENGHASILAN KEPADA PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL (STUDI KASUS DI BKPSDM KABUPATEN KOLAKA)
Authors: Uleng Andi Dala , Amir H. Muh. , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis implementasi kebijakan pemberian TPP kepada PNS di Badan Kepegawaian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Kabupaten Kolaka. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan melakukan investigasi pada konteks yang bersifat alamiah. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif model interaktif yang mencakup pengumpulan data yang terintegrasi dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik pengabsahan data adalah teknik triangulasi jenis dan sumber data, crosschecking, dan memperbanyak deskripsi dan penjelasan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan pemberian TPP kepada PNS di Badan Kepegawaian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Kabupaten Kolaka dilihat dari tiga pilarnya yang mencakup pengorganisasian, interpretasi dan aplikasi terlaksana secara kurang optimal, khususnya kemampuan aparat pelaksana level bawah yang mencakup pengetahuan dan keterampilan.Kata-kata kunci: Implementasi; Kebijakan tunjangan perbaikan penghasilan; Determinan implementasi; Struktur birokrasi.
Analisis Penggantian Penghantar SUTT 70 kv Pada GI Sengkaling – GI Blimbing
Authors: Dasa Nofvowan Anang , Syah Wibowo Sigi , Wahyu Anggaraini Tri
Published: April 2022

Beban puncak transmisi Sengkaling - Blimbing tahun 2015 dari line 1 dan line 2 telah dibebani sebesar 374,96A dan dari data pertumbuhan beban APD (Area Pengatur Distribusi) Jawa Timur sampai dengan tahun 2030 beban puncak dengan daya 212,80 MW dan dengan arus 881,76A. Oleh sebab itu penghantar ACSR Pigeon 85 mm2, 295A tidak dapat menanggung beban pada tahun 2030 dikarenakan melebihi dari kapasitas penghantar ACSR. Penghantar yang digunakan untuk mengganti penghantar ACSR Pigeon adalah penghantar ACCC Helsinki dengan luas penampang 160 mm2, 762A. Konduktor ini menggunakan inti dengan teknologi serat karbon untuk mencegah andongan yang lebih besar dan full aluminium annealed sebagi lapisan luar sehingga penghantar ini dapat dioperasikan pada temperatur yang lebih tinggi. Dari hasil analisa andongan, drop tegangan dan losses daya pada penghantar ACCC, andongan sebesar 2,1 - 3,5 meter, drop tegangan pada penghantar ACCC sebesar 0,67 - 0,76 kV dan losses daya pada penghantar ACCC rugi daya nyata sebesar 142,06 kW dan rugi daya reaktif sebesar 52,36 kVAR, masih sesuai dengan standar SPLN 121 : 1996 dan SPLN 1 : 1995.
Analisis Pengaruh Gangguan Starting dan Arus Bocor Pada Motor 4200 kW 6 kV Terhadap Sistem Kelistrikan Di Pabrik III PT. Petrokimia Gresik
Authors: Sungkowo Heri , Sutjipto Rachmat , Pradana Didit
Published: April 2022

Sumber energi listrik di Pabrik III di suplai oleh TG 65 8,5 MW dan TG 66 11,5 MW. Pada tanggal 14 Desember 2015 unit SA (Sulphurid Acid) saat starting motor 4200 KW 6 KV menyebabkan kedip tegangan beberapa detik dan kemudian terjadi arus bocor dari winding ke body yang menyebabkan 1 unit produksi harus lepas dari sistem karena adanya gangguan hubung singkat 1 fasa ke tanah. Selain itu 2 buah generator yang mempunyai setting berbeda ( Speed Droop dan Isochronous ) harus bekerja ekstra akibat gangguan arus bocor dan pelepasan 1 unit SA tersebut. Dari perhitungan kedip tegangan dapat diperoleh sebesar 4400 V atau 73% dari 6000 V. Sedangkan salah satu contoh dampak kedip tegangan pada motor unit CT (Cooling Tower), torsi dari kondisi normal 3420,28 lb ft menjadi 2381,90 lb ft akibat starting motor 4200 KW 6 KV. Dari hasil perhitungan menunjukakan bahwa, nilai setting ulang relay GFR sebesar 35 A dengan waktu 0,65 detik, sedangkan ganguan hubung singkat 1 fasa ketanah sebesar 750 A setelah masuk CT menjadi 37,5 A karena setting di Petrokimia Gresik sebesar 40 A maka relay GFR tidak bekerja. Dikarenakan unit TG66 menggunakan mode isochronous generator maka, perubahan pembebanannya mengurangi daya output lebih banyak dari generator TG65. Dapat diketahui bahwa beban yang lepas sebesar 4,2 MW, Unit TG65 mengurangi daya outputnya sebesar 1,2 MW, Sehingga daya output yang harus dikurangi oleh unit TG66 adalah 4,2 – 1,2 = 3MW.
Studi Perencanaan Gardu Distribusi Mall Dinoyo City Malang dan Penambahan Pasar Terpadu Dinoyo
Authors: Nurhadi Slamet , Sungkowo Heri , Ardiansyah Rizal
Published: April 2022

Mall Dinoyo City berlokasi di Jl. MT. Haryono no 195 – 197 Malang. Sesuai perencanaan mall ini dibangun di atas tanah seluas 16560 m². Mall Dinoyo City terdiri dari empat lantai dengan luas masing-masing bangunan 10799,24 m². Mall Dinoyo City adalah pengembangan dari Pasar Tradisional yang rencananya akan dibuat sebuah pusat perbelanjaan semi modern, di mana pusat perbelanjaan semi modern terdapat dua aspek di dalamnya yakni pasar tradisional (Pasar Terpadu Dinoyo) dan pasar modern (Mall Dinoyo City). Sistem kelistrikan Mall Dinoyo City Malang untuk area Mall dan Ramayana di back up oleh satu penyulang yaitu penyulang Mawar 20kV dengan daya 2770 kVA, yang terletak di area gedung 1 Mall Dinoyo City. Untuk area Pasar Tradisional sistem di back up oleh Gardu Trafo Tiang (GTT) 200 kVA pada penyulang Mawar, untuk menentukan kebutuhan pada perencanaan daya untuk mall dinoyo city dan pasar traditional digunakan metode Exponensial dikarenakan metode ini dapat digunakan untuk sistem tenaga listrik yang membutuhkan kenaikan kebutuhan dalam perkembanganya.
Analisis Pengaruh Harmonisa Terhadap Losses Transformator 500KVA di Politeknik Negeri Malang
Authors: Kusuma Wijaya , Sucipto Rachmat , Zulfianta Kemal
Published: April 2022

Penggunaan peralatan listrik dengan beban non-liniear di Politeknik Negeri Malang berdampak dengan munculnya harmonisa. Adapun dampak langsung dan tidak langsung dari harmonisa ini yaitu, munculnya arus pada kawat netral, naiknya temperatur pada konduktor dan losses pada trafo, serta berkurangnya life time peralatan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis THD arus dan tegangan pengukuran sesuai dengan standar IEEE 519-1992, antara lain analisis arus netral pada transformator, analisis losses pada transformator sebelum dan setelah terpengaruh harmonisa, analisis derating transformator dan saran mitigasi untuk mengurangi kadar harmonisa tersebut. Berdasarkan data harmonisa yang diperoleh pada transformer 500kVA di UPT PP Politeknik Negeri Malang, diketahui bahwa arus THD tertinggi terjadi pada jam 4 sore dengan arus (THDi) sebesar 14,5%, nilai tersebut melebihi standar IEEE 519-1992 dimana THD arus maksimal untuk arus hubung singkat (Isc) diantara 50-100 kA hanya sebesar 12%. Sedangkan untuk THD tegangan, harmonisanya sebesar 1,87% masih dibawah standar IEEE 519-1992 bahwa besarnya THD tegangan dengan tegangan kerja dibawah 69 kV adalah sebesar 5%.Berdasarkan hasil analisa nilai losses arus netral adalah sebesar 0,096 kW. Berdasarkan standar SPLN 50 tahun 1997, total losses yang diizinkan adalah sebesar 6,6 kW dan nilai losses trafo setelah terpengaruh harmonisa diketahui sebesar 7,84 kW . Nilai losses tersebut didapatkan dari losses PCU sebesar 1,2kW , losses PFE sebesar 0,04 kW dan total losses trafo PTOT sebesar 1,24kW . Berdasarkan hasil analisa juga diketahui bahwa derating yang terjadi pada transformator akibat harmonisa adalah sebesar 71,6 kVA atau 14,32% dari kapasitas trafo. Untuk mengurangi besarnya arus THD yang berdampak pada losses transfomator tersebut maka diperlukan mitigasi berupa pemasangan filter yang gunanya untuk menekan arus harmonisa agar memenuhi standar yang ada.
Analisis Power Quality Gedung Kuliah Teknik Elektro Kampus 2 Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang
Authors: Hermawan Ahmad , Hakim Muhammad Fahmi , Ramahdahani Moh. Ilham
Published: April 2022

Kualitas Daya listrik di gedung kuliah Teknik Elektro kampus 2 Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang belum memenuhi standar. Dalam hal ini, kualitas daya di gedung tersebut melebihi standar yang ditentukan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan analisis agar ditemukan pokok permasalahan kualitas daya pada gedung tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa permasalahan kualitas daya pada gedung tersebut didominasi ketidakseimbangan arus. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini agar dapat diketahui solusi yang tepat, sehingga permasalahan kualitas daya di gedung tersebut dapat diatasi. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni standar SPLN D5.004-1:2012. Dalam Teori kualitas daya dinyatakan bahwa ketidakseimbangan arus tidak boleh di atas 5%. Hasil analisa yang telah dilakukan di gedung kuliah Elektro Kampus 2 Institut Teknologi nasional Malang didapatkan nilai ketidakseimbangan arus akibat ketidakseimbangan beban yang sangat tinggi yakni mencapai 120%. Disamping itu akibat yang ditimbulkan ketidakseimbangan beban tersebut yakni tingginya nilai arus pada penghantar netral. Instalasi ulang sistemkelistrikan pada gedung tersebut merupakan solusi yang tepat agar permasalahan kualitas daya khususnya ketidakseimbangan beban dapat diatasi.
Studi Evaluasi Koordinasi Proteksi pada Sistem Kelistrikan Unit 2 UAT-2A di PT PJB UP Paiton Unit 2
Authors: Sucipto Hari , Fahmi Hakim Muhammad , Kastubandoro Bagus
Published: April 2022

Rele pengaman merupakan peralatan listrik yang dirancang untuk memulai pemisahan bagian sistem tenaga listrik atau untuk mengoperasikan sinyal bila terjadi gangguan di sistem. Rele pegaman dengan kemampuan selektif yang baik dibutuhkan untuk mencapai keandalan sistem yang tinggi karena tindakan pengamanan yang cepat dan tepat akan dapat mengisolir gangguan seminimal mungkin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan matematis dengan variabel arus gangguan dan tegangan gangguan dengan pemodelan sistem yang diuji menggunakan software ETAP 12.6.0. Skripsi ini membahas setting ulang rele proteksi yang terpasang pada sistem kelistrikan UAT-2A PT PJB UP Paiton karena telah terjadi miss-koordinasi antara pengaman utama dengan pengaman feeder yang menyebabkan terputusnya pendistribusian listrik ke bus 2A1. Dengan menggunakan Standard IEEE 3004.8, penggantian rating CT, dan model relay pengaman, didapatkan setting baru yang telah memenuhi syarat.
Iterator-Based Design of Generic C++ Algorithms for Basic Tensor Operations
Authors: Bassoy Cem Savas
Published: April 2022

Numerical tensor calculus has recently gained increasing attention in many scientific fields including quantum computing and machine learning which contain basic tensor operations such as the pointwise tensor addition and multiplication of tensors. We present a C++ design of multi-dimensional iterators and iterator-based C++ functions for basic tensor operations using mode-specific iterators only, simplifying the implementation of algorithms with recursion and multiple loops. The proposed C++ functions are designed for dense tensor and subtensor types with any linear storage format, mode and dimensions. We demonstrate our findings with Boost's latest uBlas tensor extension and discuss how other C++ frameworks can utilize our proposal without modifying their code base. Our runtime measurements show that C++ functions with iterators can compute tensor operations at least as fast as their pointer-based counterpart.
Synergistically Promoting Bone Regeneration by Icariin-Incorporated Porous Microcarriers and Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Derived From Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Zhou Mengyang , Guo Min , Shi Xincui , Ma Jie , Wang Shutao , Wu Shuo , Yan Weiqun , Wu Feng , Zhang Peibiao
Published: April 2022

Multifunctionality has becoming essential for bone tissue engineering materials, such as drug release. In this study, icariin (ICA)-incorporated poly(glycolide-co-caprolactone) (PGCL) porous microcarriers were fabricated and then coated with decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) which was derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC). The porous structure was generated due to the soluble gelatin within the microcarriers. The initial released ICA in microcarriers regulated osteogenic ECM production by BMSCs during ECM formation. The dECM could further synergistically enhance the migration and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs together with ICA as indicated by the transwell migration assay, ALP and ARS staining, as well as gene and protein expression. Furthermore, in vivo results also showed that dECM and ICA exhibited excellent synergistic effects in repairing rat calvarial defects. These findings suggest that the porous microcarriers loaded with ICA and dECM coatings have great potential in the field of bone tissue engineering.
Reassessing the Role of σ Holes in Noncovalent Interactions: It is Pauli Repulsion that Counts
Authors: Szczęśniak Małgorzata M. , Chałasinski Grzegorz
Published: April 2022

A number of prototypical weak electron donor–electron acceptor complexes are investigated by the Symmetry Adapted Perturbation Theory, some of which belong to novel classes of weak bonds such as halogen and chalcogen bonds. Also included are complexes involving strong Lewis acids such as BeO and AuF. The common view in the literature is to associate these novel bonds with a variety of “holes”, σ, π, δ, or positive areas in their electrostatic potential maps. The presumption is that these positive areas of the electrostatic potential are indicative of the electrostatic nature of these noncovalent bonds. The electrostatic view extends to the explanations of the directionality of approaches between the subsystems forming these bonds. This work demonstrates that one common feature of these electrostatic potential “holes” is the local depletion of electron density of which the best detector is the first-order Pauli repulsion. The minimization of this repulsion determines the bond directionality and its relative angular rigidity. In relatively strong complexes of BeO with rare gases, where BeO shows a clear cavity in electron density—an ultimate “σ hole”—the electrostatic effect does not control the bending potential—the exchange repulsion does. In halogen bonds, the halogen atom is nonspherical, displaying an axial “σ hole” in its electrostatic potential. However, in no examined case, from rare gas acting as an electron donor to a polar donor to an anionic donor, is the electrostatic energy responsible for the directionality of the halogen bond. In fact, it is not even maximized in the direction of the σ hole in N2-ClF and NH3-ClF. Yet, in all the cases, the exchange repulsion is minimized in the direction of the σ hole. The minimized exchange repulsion associated with the subtle and less subtle depletions of the electron density occur on the nodal planes or on the intersections thereof in the highest occupied molecular orbitals of Lewis acids, provided that the systems are closed-shell. The role of nodal planes in covalent and coordinate covalent bonds is well recognized. This work points to their similarly equal importance in certain types of donor–acceptor noncovalent interactions.
In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Potential Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses
Authors: Alagarasu Kalichamy , Patil Poonam , Kaushik Meenakshi , Chowdhury Deepika , Joshi Rajesh K. , Hegde Harsha V. , Kakade Mahadeo B. , Hoti Sugeerappa Laxmanappa , Cherian Sarah , Parashar Deepti
Published: April 2022

Dengue and chikungunya are two important mosquito-borne infections which are known to occur extensively in tropical and subtropical areas. Presently, there is no treatment for these viral diseases. In vitro antiviral screening of 25 extracts prepared from the plants of Vitex negundo, Plumeria alba, Ancistrocladus heyneanus, Bacopa monnieri, Anacardium occidentale, Cucurbita maxima, Simarouba glauca, and Embelia ribes using different solvents and four purified compounds (anacardic acid, chloroquinone, glaucarubinone, and methyl gallate) were carried out for their anti-dengue virus (DENV) and anti-chikungunya virus (CHIKV) activities. Maximum nontoxic concentrations of the chloroform, methanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, dichloromethane, and hydroalcoholic extracts of eight plants were used. The antiviral activity was assessed by focus-forming unit assay, quantitative real-time RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence assays. Extracts from Plumeria alba, Ancistrocladus heyneanus, Bacopa monnieri, and Cucurbita maxima showed both anti-DENV and CHIKV activity while extract from Vitex negundo showed only anti-DENV activity. Among the purified compounds, anacardic acid, chloroquinone and methyl gallate showed anti-dengue activity while only methyl gallate had anti-chikungunya activity. The present study had identified the plant extracts with anti-dengue and anti-chikungunya activities, and these extracts can be further characterized for finding effective phytopharmaceutical drugs against dengue and chikungunya.
The High Risk of Bivalve Farming in Coastal Areas With Heavy Metal Pollution and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: A Chilean Perspective
Authors: Pavón Alequis , Riquelme Diego , Jaña Víctor , Iribarren Cristian , Manzano Camila , Lopez-Joven Carmen , Reyes-Cerpa Sebastián , Navarrete Paola , Pavez Leonardo , García Katherine
Published: April 2022

Anthropogenic pollution has a huge impact on the water quality of marine ecosystems. Heavy metals and antibiotics are anthropogenic stressors that have a major effect on the health of the marine organisms. Although heavy metals are also associate with volcanic eruptions, wind erosion or evaporation, most of them come from industrial and urban waste. Such contamination, coupled to the use and subsequent misuse of antimicrobials in aquatic environments, is an important stress factor capable of affecting the marine communities in the ecosystem. Bivalves are important ecological components of the oceanic environments and can bioaccumulate pollutants during their feeding through water filtration, acting as environmental sentinels. However, heavy metals and antibiotics pollution can affect several of their physiologic and immunological processes, including their microbiome. In fact, heavy metals and antibiotics have the potential to select resistance genes in bacteria, including those that are part of the microbiota of bivalves, such as Vibrio spp. Worryingly, antibiotic-resistant phenotypes have been shown to be more tolerant to heavy metals, and vice versa, which probably occurs through co- and cross-resistance pathways. In this regard, a crucial role of heavy metal resistance genes in the spread of mobile element-mediated antibiotic resistance has been suggested. Thus, it might be expected that antibiotic resistance of Vibrio spp. associated with bivalves would be higher in contaminated environments. In this review, we focused on co-occurrence of heavy metal and antibiotic resistance in Vibrio spp. In addition, we explore the Chilean situation with respect to the contaminants described above, focusing on the main bivalves-producing region for human consumption, considering bivalves as potential vehicles of antibiotic resistance genes to humans through the ingestion of contaminated seafood.
Integrating Bulk Transcriptome and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data Reveals the Landscape of the Immune Microenvironment in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Wang Qunhui , Guo Xian , Huo Bo , Feng Xin , Fang Ze-Min , Jiang Ding-Sheng , Wei Xiang
Published: April 2022

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease whose formation is reported to be associated with massive vascular inflammatory responses. To elucidate the roles of immune cell infiltration in the pathogenesis underlying TAA, we utilized multiple TAA datasets (microarray data and scRNA-seq data) and various immune-related algorithms (ssGSEA, CIBERSORT, and Seurat) to reveal the landscapes of the immune microenvironment in TAA. The results exhibited a significant increase in the infiltration of macrophages and T cells, which were mainly responsible for TAA formation among the immune cells. To further reveal the roles of immunocytes in TAA, we inferred the intercellular communications among the identified cells of aortic tissues. Notably, we found that in both normal aortic tissue and TAA tissue, the cells that interact most frequently are macrophages, endothelial cells (ECs), fibroblasts, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Among the cells, macrophages were the most prominent signal senders and receivers in TAA and normal aortic tissue. These findings suggest that macrophages play an important role in both the physiological and pathological conditions of the aorta. The present study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the immune cell composition and reveals the intercellular communication among aortic cells in human TAA tissues. These findings improve our understanding of TAA formation and progression and facilitate the development of effective medications to treat these conditions.
Efficacy of a 6-Week Home-Based Online Supervised Exercise Program Conducted During COVID-19 in Patients With Post Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Jiajia , Liu Bo , Wang Zheng , El-Ansary Doa , Adams Roger , Han Jia , Meng Shu
Published: April 2022

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a 6-week cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program designed for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) that involved an online supervised exercise program that they could access during COVID-19.

Methods

One hundred patients were randomly allocated into control group (CG) and supervision group (SG). CG accepted conventional health education with a home exercise program booklet delivered before discharge, SG had an additional home-based online supervised exercise program (HOSEP). Questionnaires, motor function and lipid profile were administered at baseline. Questionnaires included the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity questionnaire (GSLTPAQ) and Bandura's Exercise Self-efficacy (ESE). Motor function included: 6-min walk test (6 MWT), timed up and go test (TUG), 30-s sit to stand (30-s STS), and Hand Grip Strength (HG). Lipid profile included: low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG). The questionnaires were re-administered after 2-weeks, all tests were re-evaluated after 6-weeks.

Results

the questionnaire results showed that scores on GSLTPAQ and ESE were significantly improved in the SG. The changes in GSLTPAQ scores from baseline to 2- and 6-weeks in the SG were significantly higher than in the CG (2-week: 6.9 ± 13.0 for SG and 0.2 ± 10.2 for CG, p = 0.005; 6-week: 9.4 ± 18.1 for SG and 0.2 ± 11.8 for CG, p = 0.003). in terms of motor function, both the CG and SG improved TUG and 6 MWT performance, with the 6 MWT improvement being significantly greater in the SG than CG (43.7 ± 39.2 m for SG and 16.6 ± 39.1 m for CG, p = 0.001). Improvement in the 30-s STS was significantly greater in the SG than CG (2.4 ± 3.6 repetitions for SG and 0.4 ± 3.5 repetitions for CG, p = 0.007). the lipid profile level significantly improved over baseline in both SG and CG after 6-week intervention, and these changes were not statistically different between groups.

Conclusion

This pilot randomized control study demonstrated that a 6-week HOSEP, when added to education delivered pre-hospital discharge for CAD patients following PCI, was beneficial with respect to exercise self-efficacy, exercise behavior, motor function and lipid profile. Supervised exercise programs delivered online in addition to education providing effective and accessible CR during COVID-19.
Sustained Hemodynamic and Clinical Improvements for a Patient With Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Over 1.5 Years After Balloon Atrial Septostomy: A Case Report
Authors: Liang Kae-Woei , Wang Kuo-Yang
Published: April 2022

Balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) is an indicated treatment for subjects with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), particularly for those with advanced right heart failure before bridging to lung transplantation. The mid-term clinical and hemodynamic benefits of BAS are not well studied. Here, we present a young female patient with IPAH who received maximal target medication and was admitted to our hospital due to advanced right heart failure. She had transition of subcutaneous to intravenous (IV) prostacyclin analogs (PA) injection and was registered for lung transplantation. The baseline mean right atrium (RA) pressure was 14 mmHg. BAS was performed with a balloon of 6 mm under intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) guidance. Systemic cardiac output (CO) (2.9–3.5 L/min) and oxygen delivery (OD) (291–318 ml/min) both increased after the BAS. Right heart failure was alleviated to function class II. One and a half years later, she received cardiac catheterization again. The second baseline mean RA pressure was 5 mmHg, left atrium (LA) pressure was 2 mmHg, and systemic CO was 3.3 L/min. These data indicated sustained hemodynamic improvements. The second course of BAS was performed under ICE guidance with a balloon of 8 mm. After the second BAS, her RA pressure was 3 mmHg, LA pressure was 3 mmHg, and CO was 3.4 L/min. In conclusion, BAS and IV PA infusion were effective in maintaining mid-term hemodynamic benefits and in stabilizing the critical right heart failure in a patient with IPAH over a 1.5-year period.
Optimal Lesion Size Index for Pulmonary Vein Isolation in High-Power Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Cai Chi , Wang Jing , Niu Hong-Xia , Chu Jian-Min , Hua Wei , Zhang Shu , Yao Yan
Published: April 2022

Background

Although both high-power (HP) ablation and lesion size index (LSI) are novel approaches to make effective lesions during pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for atrial fibrillation (AF), the optimal LSI in HP ablation for PVI is still unclear. Our study sought to explore the association between LSI and acute conduction gap formation and investigate the optimal LSI in HP ablation for PVI.

Methods

A total of 105 consecutive patients with AF who underwent HP ablation guided by LSI (LSI-guided HP) for PVI in our institute between June 2019 and July 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Each ipsilateral PV circle was subdivided into four segments, and ablation power was set to 50 W with target LSI values at 5.0 and 4.0 for anterior and posterior walls, respectively. We compared the LSI values with and without acute conduction gaps after the initial first-pass PVI.

Results

PVI was achieved in all patients, and the incidence of first-pass PVI was 78.1% (82/105). A total of 6,842 lesion sites were analyzed, and the acute conduction gaps were observed in 23 patients (21.9%) with 45 (0.7%) lesion points. The gap formation was significantly associated with lower LSI (3.9 ± 0.4 vs. 4.6 ± 0.4, p < 0.001), lower force-time integral (82.6 ± 24.6 vs. 120.9 ± 40.4 gs, p < 0.001), lower mean contact force (5.7 ± 2.4 vs. 8.5 ± 2.8 g, p < 0.001), shorter ablation duration (10.5 ± 3.6 vs. 15.4 ± 6.4 s, p < 0.001), lower mean temperature (34.4 ± 1.4 vs. 35.6 ± 2.6°C, p < 0.001), and longer interlesion distance (4.4 ± 0.3 vs. 4.3 ± 0.4 mm, p = 0.031). As per the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the LSI had the highest predictive value for gap formation in all PVs segments, with a cutoff of 4.35 for effective ablation (sensitivity 80.0%; specificity 75.4%, areas under the curve: 0.87). The LSI of 4.55 and 3.95 had the highest predictive value for gap formation for the anterior and posterior segments of PVs, respectively.

Conclusion

Using LSI-guided HP ablation for PVI, more than 4.35 of LSI for all PVs segments showed the best predictive value to avoid gap formation for achieving effective first-pass PVI. The LSI of 4.55 for the anterior wall and 3.95 for the posterior wall were the best cutoff values for predicting gap formation, respectively.
What's Up With These Conversational Health Agents? From Users' Critiques to Implications for Design
Authors: Maharjan Raju , Doherty Kevin , Rohani Darius Adam , Bækgaard Per , Bardram Jakob E.
Published: April 2022

Recent advancements in speech recognition technology in combination with increased access to smart speaker devices are expanding conversational interactions to ever-new areas of our lives – including our health and wellbeing. Prior human-computer interaction research suggests that Conversational Agents (CAs) have the potential to support a variety of health-related outcomes, due in part to their intuitive and engaging nature. Realizing this potential requires however developing a rich understanding of users' needs and experiences in relation to these still-emerging technologies. To inform the design of CAs for health and wellbeing, we analyze 2741 critical reviews of 485 Alexa health and fitness Skills using an automated topic modeling approach; identifying 15 subjects of criticism across four key areas of design (functionality, reliability, usability, pleasurability). Based on these findings, we discuss implications for the design of engaging CAs to support health and wellbeing.
Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility Reveals Late Miocene Tectonic Activity in the Western Qaidam Basin
Authors: Zhang Weilin , Li Bingshuai , Yan Maodu
Published: April 2022

The western Qaidam Basin on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau located at the intersection between the Altyn Tagh Fault and the Kunlun Fault/Qimen Tagh Fault holds significant potential to reveal the tectonic process of these two faults as well as the evolution of the Qaidam Basin. In this paper, we conducted detailed anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) records from Late Cenozoic sediments at the Qigequan section in the western Qaidam Basin to shed new light on the tectonic processes in this region. Based on the distribution of three principal axes of magnetic fabrics as well as magnetic fabric parameters, the AMS records can be divided into three parts. The lower part (∼6.9–4.6 Ma), mainly made of fine-grained mudstone and siltstone, exhibits three well-grouped principal axes with a NE-SW elongated Kmin axis as the embryonic tectonic magnetic fabric, suggesting constant NE-SW compressional strain. The middle part (∼4.6–3.0 Ma), characterized by mudstone, siltstone and sandstone, shows three less grouped principal axes and suggests a relatively weak and stable tectonic environment. The three principal axes of the upper part (∼2.4–0.4 Ma) is composed of sandstone and conglomerate of the Qigequan Formation, similar to the middle part, which was primarily attributed to the coarse lithology and not sensitive to tectonics since ∼2.6 Ma. The NE-SW compressional strain in the western Qaidam Basin is consistent with that in the northeastern basin, both of which are parallel to the upper crust movements revealed by the GPS, suggesting the dominant NE-SW compressional strain in the western and northern basins in the late Cenozoic. The decreasing magnitude of tectonic activities during ∼6.9–4.6 Ma indicates that the major geological units released most of the compressional strain in the western Qaidam Basin during tectonic activity that initiated in the early-late Miocene.
RETRACTED: Fossil Energy Demand and Economic Development in BRICS Countries
Authors: Wang Hong , Asif Amjad Muhammad , Arshed Noman , Mohamed Abdullah , Ali Shamsher , Haider Jafri Muhammad Afaq , Khan Yousaf Ali
Published: April 2022

Energy is considered the oxygen of an economy fueling all economic activities. Energy utilization and its type have an intertemporal and size-based effect on economic development. Therefore, this study empirically analyzes the relationship of fossil energy consumption with economic development in the case of BRICS countries between 1990 and 2019. Fully modified ordinary least squares is used with the quadratic function of coal, oil, and gas consumption to assess the size-based effect across time. This study shows that coal and natural gas consumption follows the inverted U-shaped relationship with HDI, while coal consumption shows a negative relationship with HDI. Hence, coal and gas energy assists in development when its share is small, while over-consumption hampers development. The BRICS countries should optimize coal and gas consumption with respect to economic development. Reducing fossil energy should be substituted with alternative clean energy resources by using advanced technology such as the gasification process.
The Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections
Authors: Hsu Ren-Jun , Yu Wei-Chieh , Peng Guan-Ru , Ye Chih-Hung , Hu SuiYun , Chong Patrick Chun Theng , Yap Kah Yi , Lee Jamie Yu Chieh , Lin Wei-Chen , Yu Shu-Han
Published: April 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in countless infections and caused millions of deaths since its emergence in 2019. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mortality is caused by uncontrolled inflammation, aberrant immune response, cytokine storm, and an imbalanced hyperactive immune system. The cytokine storm further results in multiple organ failure and lung immunopathology. Therefore, any potential treatments should focus on the direct elimination of viral particles, prevention strategies, and mitigation of the imbalanced (hyperactive) immune system. This review focuses on cytokine secretions of innate and adaptive immune responses against COVID-19, including interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and other chemokines. In addition to the review focus, we discuss potential immunotherapeutic approaches based on relevant pathophysiological features, the systemic immune response against SARS-CoV-2, and data from recent clinical trials and experiments on the COVID-19-associated cytokine storm. Prompt use of these cytokines as diagnostic markers and aggressive prevention and management of the cytokine storm can help determine COVID-19-associated morbidity and mortality. The prophylaxis and rapid management of the cytokine storm appear to significantly improve disease outcomes. For these reasons, this study aims to provide advanced information to facilitate innovative strategies to survive in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Screening and Identification of HBV Epitopes Restricted by Multiple Prevalent HLA-A Allotypes
Authors: Ding Yan , Zhou Zining , Li Xingyu , Zhao Chen , Jin Xiaoxiao , Liu Xiaotao , Wu Yandan , Mei Xueyin , Li Jian , Qiu Jie , Shen Chuanlai
Published: April 2022

Although host T cell immune responses to hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been demonstrated to have important influences on the outcome of HBV infection, the development of T cell epitope-based vaccine and T cell therapy and the clinical evaluation of specific T cell function are currently hampered markedly by the lack of validated HBV T cell epitopes covering broad patients. This study aimed to screen T cell epitopes spanning overall HBsAg, HBeAg, HBx and HBpol proteins and presenting by thirteen prevalent human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A allotypes which gather a total gene frequency of around 95% in China and Northeast Asia populations. 187 epitopes werein silicopredicted. Of which, 62 epitopes were then functionally validated as real-world HBV T cell epitopes byex vivoIFN-γ ELISPOT assay andin vitroco-cultures using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HBV infected patients. Furthermore, the HLA-A cross-restrictions of each epitope were identified by peptide competitive binding assay using transfected HMy2.CIR cell lines, and by HLA-A/peptide docking as well as molecular dynamic simulation. Finally, a peptide library containing 105 validated epitopes which cross-binding by 13 prevalent HLA-A allotypes were used in ELISPOT assay to enumerate HBV-specific T cells for 116 patients with HBV infection. The spot forming units (SFUs) was significantly correlated with serum HBsAg level as confirmed by multivariate linear regression analysis. This study functionally validated 62 T cell epitopes from HBV main proteins and elucidated their HLA-A restrictions and provided an alternative ELISPOT assay using validated epitope peptides rather than conventional overlapping peptides for the clinical evaluation of HBV-specific T cell responses.
The Inhibition of CD40/CD154 Costimulatory Signaling in the Prevention of Renal Transplant Rejection in Nonhuman Primates: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Authors: Perrin Steven , Magill Marianne
Published: April 2022

The prevention of allograft transplant rejection by inhibition of the CD40/CD40L costimulatory pathway has been described in several species. We searched pubmed for studies reporting the prevention of kidney transplant rejection in nonhuman primates utilizing either anti CD40 or anti CD40L (CD154) treatment. Inclusion of data required treatment with anti CD40 or anti CD154 as monotherapy treatment arms, full text available, studies conducted in nonhuman primate species, the transplant was renal transplantation, sufficient duration of treatment to assess long term rejection, and the reporting of individual graft survival or survival duration. Eleven publications were included in the study. Rejection free survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) life test methods to estimate the survival functions. The 95% CI for the medians was also calculated. A log-rank test was used to test the equality of the survival curves between control and treatment arms (CD40 and CD154). The hazard ratio for CD154 compared to CD40 and 95% CI was calculated using a Cox proportional-hazards model including treatment as the covariate to assess the magnitude of the treatment effect. Both anti CD40 and anti CD154 treatments prevented acute and long term graft rejection. The median (95% CI) rejection free survival was 131 days (84,169 days) in the anti CD40 treated animals and 352 days (173,710 days) in the anti CD154 treated animals. Median survival in the untreated animals was 6 days. The inhibition of transplant rejection was more durable in the anti CD154 group compared to the anti CD40 group after cessation of treatment. The median (95% CI) rejection free survival after cessation of treatment was 60 days (21,80 days) in the anti CD40 treated animals and 230 days (84,552 days) in the anti CD154 treated animals.
Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles Application in Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Liver Diseases: Emphasizing on the Anti-Fibrotic and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms
Authors: Hazrati Ali , Malekpour Kosar , Soudi Sara , Hashemi Seyed Mahmoud
Published: April 2022

Various factors, including viral and bacterial infections, autoimmune responses, diabetes, drugs, alcohol abuse, and fat deposition, can damage liver tissue and impair its function. These factors affect the liver tissue and lead to acute and chronic liver damage, and if left untreated, can eventually lead to cirrhosis, fibrosis, and liver carcinoma. The main treatment for these disorders is liver transplantation. Still, given the few tissue donors, problems with tissue rejection, immunosuppression caused by medications taken while receiving tissue, and the high cost of transplantation, liver transplantation have been limited. Therefore, finding alternative treatments that do not have the mentioned problems is significant. Cell therapy is one of the treatments that has received a lot of attention today. Hepatocytes and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are used in many patients to treat liver-related diseases. In the meantime, the use of mesenchymal stem cells has been studied more than other cells due to their favourable characteristics and has reduced the need for liver transplantation. These cells increase the regeneration and repair of liver tissue through various mechanisms, including migration to the site of liver injury, differentiation into liver cells, production of extracellular vesicles (EVs), secretion of various growth factors, and regulation of the immune system. Notably, cell therapy is not entirely excellent and has problems such as cell rejection, undesirable differentiation, accumulation in unwanted locations, and potential tumorigenesis. Therefore, the application of MSCs derived EVs, including exosomes, can help treat liver disease and prevent its progression. Exosomes can prevent apoptosis and induce proliferation by transferring different cargos to the target cell. In addition, these vesicles have been shown to transport hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and can promote the hepatocytes’(one of the most important cells in the liver parenchyma) growths.
Life Expectancy of Evaporating Capillary Bridges Predicted by Tertiary Creep Modeling
Authors: Guével Alexandre , Mielniczuk Boleslaw , Veveakis Manolis , Hueckel Tomasz
Published: April 2022

The evaporation of capillary bridges is experimentally investigated at the microscale through a three-grain capillary cluster. This setting provides the minimum viable description of Haines jumps during evaporation, that is, capillary instabilities stemming from air entry into a saturated granular material. The displacement profile of a meniscus is obtained via digital image correlation for different grain materials, geometries, and separations. While it is well known that Haines jumps are triggered at the pore throat, we find that these instabilities are of three types depending on the separation. We also provide a temporal characterization of Haines jumps; we find that they are accurately described, as tertiary creep instabilities, by Voight’s relation, similarly to landslides and volcanic eruptions. This finding extends the description of capillary instabilities beyond their onset predicted by Laplace equilibrium. Our contribution also paves the way for a microscopically-informed description of desiccation cracks, of which Haines jumps are the precursors.