bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical and Experimental Analyses on Motion Responses on Heaving Point Absorbers Connected to Large Semi-Submersibles
Authors: Kim Kyong-Hwan , Park Sewan , Kim Jeong-Rok , Cho Il-Hyoung , Hong Keyyong
Published: August 2021

This study considers the motion responses of heaving point absorbers (HPAs) connected to large semi-submersibles. To analyze the motion responses for HPAs, a motion response amplitude operator (RAO) of a single HPA connected to a fixed wall was obtained in a two-dimensional wave flume. A frequency-domain eigenvalue analysis is used to evaluate the motion RAO of a single HPA, and the experimental and numerical results of motion RAO were compared. A model test was conducted to analyze the motions of multiple HPAs connected to a large semi-submersible in a 3D ocean basin. The motion RAOs of the multiple HPAs connected to the large semi-submersible were compared with the motion RAO of the single HPA connected to the fixed wall.
Insulin and 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide Ribonucleotide (AICAR) Differentially Regulate the Skeletal Muscle Cell Secretome
Authors: Gonzalez-Franquesa Alba , Peijs Lone , Cervone Daniel , Koçana Ceren , Zierath Juleen , Deshmukh Atul
Published: August 2021

Skeletal muscle is a major contributor to whole-body glucose homeostasis and is an important endocrine organ. To date, few studies have undertaken the large-scale identification of skeletal muscle-derived secreted proteins (myokines), particularly in response to stimuli that activate pathways governing energy metabolism in health and disease. Whereas the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and insulin-signaling pathways have received notable attention for their ability to independently regulate skeletal muscle substrate metabolism, little work has examined their ability to re-pattern the secretome. The present study coupled the use of high-resolution MS-based proteomics and bioinformatics analysis of conditioned media derived from 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR—an AMPK activator)- and insulin-treated differentiated C2C12 myotubes. We quantified 858 secreted proteins, including cytokines and growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor-21 (Fgf21). We identified 377 and 118 proteins that were significantly altered by insulin and AICAR treatment, respectively. Notably, the family of insulin growth factor binding-proteins (Igfbp) was differentially regulated by each treatment. Insulin- but not AICAR-induced conditioned media increased the mitochondrial respiratory capacity of myotubes, potentially via secreted factors. These findings may serve as an important resource to elucidate secondary metabolic effects of insulin and AICAR stimulation in skeletal muscle.
An Overview of Indicator Choice and Normalization in Raw Material Supply Risk Assessments
Authors: Helbig Christoph , Bruckler Martin , Thorenz Andrea , Tuma Axel
Published: August 2021

Supply risk assessments are an integral part of raw material criticality assessments frequently used at the country or company level to identify raw materials of concern. However, the indicators used in supply risk assessments to estimate the likelihood of supply disruptions vary substantially. Here, we summarize and evaluate the use of supply risk indicators and their normalization to supply risk scores in 88 methods published until 2020. In total, we find 618 individual applications of supply risk criteria with 98 unique criteria belonging to one of ten indicator categories. The most often used categories of supply risk indicators are concentration, scarcity, and political instability. The most frequently used criteria are the country concentration of production, depletion time of reserves, and geopolitical risk. Indicator measurements and normalizations vary substantially between different methods for the same criterion. Our results can be used for future raw material criticality assessments to screen for suitable supply risk indicators and generally accepted indicator normalizations. We also find a further need for stronger empirical evidence of widely used indicators.
Wearable Technologies in Field Hockey Competitions: A Scoping Review
Authors: Lim Jolene Ziyuan , Sim Alexiaa , Kong Pui Wah
Published: August 2021

The aim of this review is to investigate the common wearable devices currently used in field hockey competitions, and to understand the hockey-specific parameters these devices measure. A systematic search was conducted by using three electronic databases and search terms that included field hockey, wearables, accelerometers, inertial sensors, global positioning system (GPS), heart rate monitors, load, performance analysis, player activity profiles, and competitions from the earliest record. The review included 39 studies that used wearable devices during competitions. GPS units were found to be the most common wearable in elite field hockey competitions, followed by heart rate monitors. Wearables in field hockey are mostly used to measure player activity profiles and physiological demands. Inconsistencies in sampling rates and performance bands make comparisons between studies challenging. Nonetheless, this review demonstrated that wearable devices are being used for various applications in field hockey. Researchers, engineers, coaches, and sport scientists can consider using GPS units of higher sampling rates, as well as including additional variables such as skin temperatures and injury associations, to provide a more thorough evaluation of players’ physical and physiological performances. Future work should include goalkeepers and non-elite players who are less studied in the current literature.
Discovering Vegetation Recovery and Landslide Activities in the Wenchuan Earthquake Area with Landsat Imagery
Authors: Zhong Cheng , Li Chang , Gao Peng , Li Hui
Published: August 2021

Post-seismic vegetation recovery is critical to local ecosystem recovery and slope stability, especially in the Wenchuan earthquake area where tens of thousands of landslides were triggered. This study executed a decadal monitoring of post-seismic landslide activities all over the region by investigating landslide vegetation recovery rate (VRR) with Landsat images and a (nearly) complete landslide inventory. Thirty thousand landslides that were larger than nine pixels were chosen for VRR analysis, to reduce the influence of mixed pixels and support detailed investigation within landslides. The study indicates that about 60% of landslide vegetation gets close to the pre-earthquake level in ten years and is expected to recover to the pre-earthquake level within 20 years. The vegetation recovery is significantly influenced by topographic factors, especially elevation and slope, while it is barely related to the distance to epicenter, fault ruptures, and rivers. This study checked and improved the knowledge of vegetation recovery and landslide stability in the area, based on a detailed investigation.
A Case–Control Study of the Effects of Chronic Low Back Pain in Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters
Authors: Castro-Méndez Aurora , Requelo-Rodríguez Inmaculada , Pabón-Carrasco Manuel , González-Elena María Luisa , Ponce-Blandón José Antonio , Palomo-Toucedo Inmaculada Concepción
Published: August 2021

Chronic low back pain and biomechanical walking imbalances are closely related. It is relevant to identify if there are alterations in spatiotemporal gait patterns in subjects with CLBP (cases) versus healthy subjects (controls) to plan training interventions of motor control gait patterns, and thus allowing normal physical activity of the individual. This study is intended to identify if spatiotemporal alterations occur in the gait cycle in CLBP subjects (cases) compared with a control group (healthy patients) analyzed with an OptoGait LED sensors gait program. Method: A total of n = 147 participants: n = 75 cases (CLBP) and n = 72 healthy controls subjects were studied with OptoGait gait program. Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups and both feet in foot stride, for the differences of the total stride and contact, for gait cadence and total stride length of the gait cycle (p < 0.05). Conclusions: CLBP may alter some normal gait patterns measured by OptoGait; this finding presents imbalances in gait cycle as an underlying factor. The gait is part of daily life of any individual and it is an important physical activity in relation to the maintenance of an optimal state of health. In addition, future studies are deemed necessary.
A Vibration Sensor-Based Method for Generating the Precise Rotor Orbit Shape with General Notch Filter Method for New Rotor Seal Design Testing and Diagnostics
Authors: Kalista Karel , Liska Jindrich , Jakl Jan
Published: August 2021

Verification of the behaviour of new designs of rotor seals is a crucial phase necessary for their use in rotary machines. Therefore, experimental equipment for the verification of properties that have an effect on rotor dynamics is being developed in the test laboratories of the manufacturers of these components all over the world. In order to be able to compare the analytically derived and experimentally identified values of the seal parameters, specific requirements for the rotor vibration pattern during experiments are usually set. The rotor vibration signal must contain the specified dominant components, while the others, usually caused by unbalance, must be attenuated. Technological advances have made it possible to use magnetic bearings in test equipment to support the rotor and as a rotor vibration exciter. Active magnetic bearings allow control of the vibrations of the rotor and generate the desired shape of the rotor orbit. This article presents a solution developed for a real test rig equipped with active magnetic bearings and rotor vibration sensors, which is to be used for testing a new design of rotor seals. Generating the exact shape of the orbit is challenging. The exact shape of the rotor orbit is necessary to compare the experimentally and numerically identified properties of the seal. The generalized notch filter method is used to compensate for the undesired harmonic vibrations. In addition, a novel modified generalized notch filter is introduced, which is used for harmonic vibration generation. The excitation of harmonic vibration of the rotor in an AMB system is generally done by injecting the harmonic current into the control loop of each AMB axis. The motion of the rotor in the AMB axis is coupled, therefore adjustment of the amplitudes and phases of the injected signals may be tedious. The novel general notch filter algorithm achieves the desired harmonic vibration of the rotor automatically. At first, the general notch filter algorithm is simulated and the functionality is confirmed. Finally, an experimental test device with an active magnetic bearing is used for verification of the algorithm. The measured data are presented to demonstrate that this approach can be used for precise rotor orbit shape generation by active magnetic bearings.
An Innovative Smart Concrete Anchorage with Self-Stress Sensing Capacity of Prestressing Stress of PS Tendon
Authors: Lee Seon Yeol , Le Huy Viet , Kim Min Kyoung , Kim Dong Joo , Park Jongwoong
Published: August 2021

An innovative smart concrete anchorage (SCA) has been developed for monitoring the stress of prestressing (PS) tendons by utilizing smart ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC). The smart UHPC contained 2 vol% steel fibers and fine steel slag aggregates instead of silica sands. The effects of different electrode materials, arrangements, and connectors on the self-stress sensing capacity of the SCA are discussed. A prototype SCA demonstrated its feasibility and sufficient self-stress sensing capacity to be used in monitoring the prestressing loss of the PS tendon. As the tensile stress of the PS tendon increased from 0 to 1488 MPa, the fractional change in resistivity (FCR) of the prototype SCA, with horizontally paired copper wire electrodes and a plug-in type connector, decreased linearly from 0% to −1.53%, whereas the FCR increased linearly from −1.53% to −0.04% as the tensile stress of the PS tendon decreased from 1488 to 331 MPa.
Development of a Smart Leg Splint by Using New Sensor Technologies and New Therapy Possibilities
Authors: De Agustín Del Burgo José María , Blaya Haro Fernando , D’Amato Roberto , Blaya Alonso , Juanes Méndez Juan Antonio
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, after suffering a fracture in an upper or lower limb, a plaster cast is placed on the affected limb. It is a very old and efficient technique for recovery from an injury that has not had significant changes since its origin. This project aims to develop a new low-cost smart 3D printed splint concept by using new sensing techniques. Two rapidly evolving Advanced Manufacturing (AM) technologies will be used: 3D scanning and 3D printing, thus combining engineering, medicine and materials evolution. The splint will include new small and lightweight sensors to detect any problem during the treatment process. Previous studies have already incorporated this kind of sensor for medical purposes. However, in this study it is implemented with a new concept: the possibility of applying treatments during the immobilization process and obtaining information from the sensors to modify the treatment. Due to this, rehabilitation treatments like infrared, ultrasounds or electroshock may be applied during the treatment, and the sensors (as it is showed in the study) will be able to detect changes during the rehabilitation process. Data of the pressure, temperature, humidity and colour of the skin will be collected in real time and sent to a mobile device so that they can be consulted remotely by a specialist. Moreover, it would be possible to include these data into the Internet of Things movement. This way, all the collected data might be compared and studied in order to find the best treatment for each kind of injury. It will be necessary to use a biocompatible material, submersible and suitable for contact with skin. These materials make it necessary to control the conditions in which the splint is produced, to assure that the properties are maintained. This development, makes it possible to design a new methodology that will help to provide faster and easier treatment.
SpecTalk: Conforming IoT Implementations to Sensor Specifications
Authors: Lin Yi-Bing , Chou Sheng-Lin
Published: August 2021

Due to the fast evolution of Sensor and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, several large-scale smart city applications have been commercially developed in recent years. In these developments, the contracts are often disputed in the acceptance due to the fact that the contract specification is not clear, resulting in a great deal of discussion of the gray area. Such disputes often occur in the acceptance processes of smart buildings, mainly because most intelligent building systems are expensive and the operations of the sub-systems are very complex. This paper proposes SpecTalk, a platform that automatically generates the code to conform IoT applications to the Taiwan Association of Information and Communication Standards (TAICS) specifications. SpecTalk generates a program to accommodate the application programming interface of the IoT devices under test (DUTs). Then, the devices can be tested by SpecTalk following the TAICS data formats. We describe three types of tests: self-test, mutual-test, and visual test. A self-test involves the sensors and the actuators of the same DUT. A mutual-test involves the sensors and the actuators of different DUTs. A visual-test uses a monitoring camera to investigate the actuators of multiple DUTs. We conducted these types of tests in commercially deployed applications of smart campus constructions. Our experiments in the tests proved that SpecTalk is feasible and can effectively conform IoT implementations to TACIS specifications. We also propose a simple analytic model to select the frequency of the control signals for the input patterns in a SpecTalk test. Our study indicates that it is appropriate to select the control signal frequency, such that the inter-arrival time between two control signals is larger than 10 times the activation delay of the DUT.
Intelligent Dynamic Spectrum Resource Management Based on Sensing Data in Space-Time and Frequency Domain
Authors: Yun Deok-Won , Lee Won-Cheol
Published: August 2021

Edge computing offers a promising paradigm for implementing the industrial Internet of things (IIoT) by offloading intensive computing tasks from resource constrained machine type devices to powerful edge servers. However, efficient spectrum resource management is required to meet the quality of service requirements of various applications, taking into account the limited spectrum resources, batteries, and the characteristics of available spectrum fluctuations. Therefore, this study proposes intelligent dynamic spectrum resource management consisting of learning engines that select optimal backup channels based on history data, reasoning engines that infer idle channels based on backup channel lists, and transmission parameter optimization engines based genetic algorithm using interference analysis in time, space and frequency domains. The performance of the proposed intelligent dynamic spectrum resource management was evaluated in terms of the spectrum efficiency, number of spectrum handoff, latency, energy consumption, and link maintenance probability according to the backup channel selection technique and the number of IoT devices and the use of transmission parameters optimized for each traffic environment. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to existing spectrum resource management functions.
Premature Ejaculation Symptoms Are Associated with Sexual Excitability: Empirical Support for the Hyperarousability Model
Authors: Ventus Daniel , Jern Patrick
Published: August 2021

Premature ejaculation (PE) is a common sexual complaint among men, but its etiology is poorly understood. Previous studies on the dual control model of sexuality has revealed that propensities for sexual excitation and inhibition can contribute to sexual dysfunctions, but few studies have included a measure of premature ejaculation. We sought to explore whether PE is associated with sexual excitation or inhibition. We applied structural equation models to data from a large population-based sample of Finnish adult men. The analyses supported a four-factor solution for the sexual inhibition/sexual excitation short-form scale. The clearest result was that increased symptoms of PE were associated with a greater propensity for sexual excitation (β = 151, p < 001, n = 2953). Importantly, this excitation was intrapersonal, as opposed to stemming from social activities. The results imply that men with PE may have stronger and more rapid reactions to sexual stimuli, which in turn may lead to ejaculating earlier than desired.
Representing Women’s Interests in Japan’s Civil Society
Authors: Okura Sae
Published: August 2021

Japan has witnessed marginalization and underrepresentation of women in its civil society. This study examines its extent. It also explores who in Japan’s civil society represent women’s interests by using survey data from civil society organizations. This study reveals that civil society organizations are generally led by male leaders, and around half of their staff are male. It also indicates that the number of organizations representing women’s interests is limited, with only 2.2% representing women’s interests. Interestingly, the central actors representing women’s interests include economic and business groups, political groups, labor groups, and civic groups including women’s groups.
Analysis on Tourists’ Preferences for Rural Tourism Destinations in Romania
Authors: Poruțiu Andra , Tirpe Olivia Paula , Oroian Camelia , Mihai Valentin C. , Chiciudean Gabriela O. , Chiciudean Daniel I. , Poruțiu Crina
Published: August 2021

Consumer behavior plays an important role in establishing the marketing strategies of a tourism destination. Analysis of traveling motivation offers valuable information regarding the characteristics and trends of tourism demand. In this context, the aim of this paper is to determine tourists’ preferences regarding rural tourism destinations. To achieve the purpose of the paper, a survey was conducted among tourists from rural areas of Cluj County. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical tests were applied to determine if there were any significant differences among different groups. The results revealed that the respondents prefer to travel in small groups, especially during summer. They are concerned about the security and safety of the destination, and the price also plays an important role in choosing a tourism destination. Cultural attractions and adventure tourism possibilities are more appreciated by younger respondents. Future research should focus on post-pandemic tourist behavior and new tourist products should be developed to fulfill tourists’ expectations.
The Effects of Seismic Coefficient Uncertainty on Pseudo-Static Slope Stability: A Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Li Dongli , Sun Miaojun , Yan Echuan , Yang Tao
Published: August 2021

The method of pseudo-static analysis has been widely used to perform seismic slope stability, in which a seismic coefficient is used to represent the earthquake shaking effect. However, it is important but difficult to select the magnitude of seismic coefficients, which are inevitably subjected to different levels of uncertainties. This paper aimed to study the influences of seismic coefficient uncertainties on pseudo-static slope stability from the perspective of probabilistic sensitivity analysis. The deterministic critical slope height was estimated by the method of upper-bound limit analysis with the method of pseudo-static analysis. The soil shear strength parameters, the slope geometrical parameters (including slope inclinations, slope heights, and the slope widths), the horizontal seismic acceleration coefficient, and the unit weight of soil masses were considered as random variables. The influences of their uncertainty degrees, the correlation relations, and the distribution types of random variables on probabilistic density functions, failure probabilities, and sensitivity analysis were discussed. It was shown that the uncertainty degrees greatly impact the probability density distributions of critical slope heights, the computed failure probabilities, and Sobol’ index, and the horizontal seismic coefficient was the second most important variable compared to the soil shear strength parameters.
Interactions between Homotopy and Topological Groups in Covering (C, R) Space Embeddings
Authors: Bagchi Susmit
Published: August 2021

The interactions between topological covering spaces, homotopy and group structures in a fibered space exhibit an array of interesting properties. This paper proposes the formulation of finite covering space components of compact Lindelof variety in topological (C, R) spaces. The covering spaces form a Noetherian structure under topological injective embeddings. The locally path-connected components of covering spaces establish a set of finite topological groups, maintaining group homomorphism. The homeomorphic topological embedding of covering spaces and base space into a fibered non-compact topological (C, R) space generates two classes of fibers based on the location of identity elements of homomorphic groups. A compact general fiber gives rise to the discrete variety of fundamental groups in the embedded covering subspace. The path-homotopy equivalence is admitted by multiple identity fibers if, and only if, the group homomorphism is preserved in homeomorphic topological embeddings. A single identity fiber maintains the path-homotopy equivalence in the discrete fundamental group. If the fiber is an identity-rigid variety, then the fiber-restricted finite and symmetric translations within the embedded covering space successfully admits path-homotopy equivalence involving kernel. The topological projections on a component and formation of 2-simplex in fibered compact covering space embeddings generate a prime order cyclic group. Interestingly, the finite translations of the 2-simplexes in a dense covering subspace assist in determining the simple connectedness of the covering space components, and preserves cyclic group structure.
The Human Antibody Response to the Influenza Virus Neuraminidase Following Infection or Vaccination
Authors: Rajendran Madhusudan , Krammer Florian , McMahon Meagan
Published: August 2021

The influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) is primarily involved in the release of progeny viruses from infected cells—a critical role for virus replication. Compared to the immuno-dominant hemagglutinin, there are fewer NA subtypes, and NA experiences a slower rate of antigenic drift and reduced immune selection pressure. Furthermore, NA inhibiting antibodies prevent viral egress, thus preventing viral spread. Anti-NA immunity can lessen disease severity, reduce viral shedding, and decrease viral lung titers in humans and various animal models. As a result, there has been a concerted effort to investigate the possibilities of incorporating immunogenic forms of NA as a vaccine antigen in future vaccine formulations. In this review, we discuss NA-based immunity and describe several human NA-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that have a broad range of protection. We also review vaccine platforms that are investigating NA antigens in pre-clinical models and their potential use for next-generation influenza virus vaccines. The evidence presented here supports the inclusion of immunogenic NA in future influenza virus vaccines.
Prevalence and Factors of the Performed or Scheduled COVID-19 Vaccination in a Chinese Adult General Population in Hong Kong
Authors: Yu Yanqiu , Lau Mason M. C. , Jiang Hui , Lau Joseph T. F.
Published: August 2021

Background: Globally, COVID-19 vaccination programs have been rolled out. To inform health promotion, this study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of performance or being scheduled to perform at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination (PSCV) in a Chinese adult general population. Methods: An anonymous, random telephone survey interviewed 500 adults aged 18–75 in Hong Kong, China from 14–27 May 2021. Results: The prevalence of PSCV was 21.0%, which was significantly lower among females and those aged ≤30. Positively associated factors of PSCV included perceived protection effect of vaccination, self-perceived physical fitness for vaccination, compulsory COVID-19 testing experience, perceived need to travel, general trust toward the government, and trust toward the governmental vaccination program, while negatively associated factors included perceived low efficacy of vaccination, concerns about side effects, and chronic disease status. Furthermore, the association between sex and PSCV was fully mediated by stronger concern about side effects and lower levels of self-perceived physical fitness for COVID-19 vaccination among females than males. Conclusion: Moderately low prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination was observed in Hong Kong, where there was no shortage of vaccine supply. To achieve herd immunity, health promotion is greatly warranted and may incorporate messages based on the findings of this study.
Antigen Presentation of mRNA-Based and Virus-Vectored SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines
Authors: Rijkers Ger T. , Weterings Nynke , Obregon-Henao Andres , Lepolder Michaëla , Dutt Taru S. , van Overveld Frans J. , Henao-Tamayo Marcela
Published: August 2021

Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has reached pandemic proportions. A number of effective vaccines have been produced, including mRNA vaccines and viral vector vaccines, which are now being implemented on a large scale in order to control the pandemic. The mRNA vaccines are composed of viral Spike S1 protein encoding mRNA incorporated in a lipid nanoparticle and stabilized by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The mRNA vaccines are novel in many respects, including cellular uptake and the intracellular routing, processing, and secretion of the viral protein. Viral vector vaccines have incorporated DNA sequences, encoding the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein into (attenuated) adenoviruses. The antigen presentation routes in MHC class I and class II, in relation to the induction of virus-neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, will be reviewed. In rare cases, mRNA vaccines induce unwanted immune mediated side effects. The mRNA-based vaccines may lead to an anaphylactic reaction. This reaction may be triggered by PEG. The intracellular routing of PEG and potential presentation in the context of CD1 will be discussed. Adenovirus vector-based vaccines have been associated with thrombocytopenic thrombosis events. The anti-platelet factor 4 antibodies found in these patients could be generated due to conformational changes of relevant epitopes presented to the immune system.
Efficacy and Safety of a Modified Vaccinia Ankara-NP+M1 Vaccine Combined with QIV in People Aged 65 and Older: A Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial (INVICTUS)
Authors: Butler Chris , Ellis Chris , Folegatti Pedro , Swayze Hannah , Allen Julie , Bussey Louise , Bellamy Duncan , Lawrie Alison , Eagling-Vose Elizabeth , Yu Ly-Mee , Shanyinde Milensu , Mair Catherine , Flaxman Amy , Ewer Katie , Gilbert Sarah , Evans Thomas ,   on behalf of the INVICTUS Investigators
Published: August 2021

Background: Pre-existing T cell responses to influenza have been correlated with improved clinical outcomes in natural history and human challenge studies. We aimed to determine the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of a T-cell directed vaccine in older people. Methods: This was a multicentre, participant- and safety assessor-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of the co-administration of Modified Vaccinia Ankara encoding nucleoprotein and matrix protein 1 (MVA-NP+M1) and annual influenza vaccine in participants ≥ 65. The primary outcome was the number of days with moderate or severe influenza-like symptoms (ILS) during the influenza season. Results: 846 of a planned 2030 participants were recruited in the UK prior to, and throughout, the 2017/18 flu season. There was no evidence of a difference in the reported rates of days of moderate or severe ILS during influenza-like illness episodes (unadjusted OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.54–1.69; adjusted OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.51–1.65). The trial was stopped after one season due to a change in the recommended annual flu vaccine, for which safety of the new combination had not been established. More participants in the MVA-NP+M1 group had transient moderate or severe pain, redness, and systemic responses in the first seven days. Conclusion: The MVA-NP+M1 vaccine is well tolerated in those aged 65 years and over. Larger trials would be needed to determine potential efficacy.
Guiding the Immune Response to a Conserved Epitope in MSP2, an Intrinsically Disordered Malaria Vaccine Candidate
Authors: Seow Jeffrey , Das Sreedam C. , Morales Rodrigo A. V. , Ataide Ricardo , Krishnarjuna Bankala , Silk Mitchell , Chalmers David K. , Richards Jack , Anders Robin F. , MacRaild Christopher A. , Norton Raymond S.
Published: August 2021

The malaria vaccine candidate merozoite surface protein 2 (MSP2) has shown promise in clinical trials and is in part responsible for a reduction in parasite densities. However, strain-specific reductions in parasitaemia suggested that polymorphic regions of MSP2 are immuno-dominant. One strategy to bypass the hurdle of strain-specificity is to bias the immune response towards the conserved regions. Two mouse monoclonal antibodies, 4D11 and 9H4, recognise the conserved C-terminal region of MSP2. Although they bind overlapping epitopes, 4D11 reacts more strongly with native MSP2, suggesting that its epitope is more accessible on the parasite surface. In this study, a structure-based vaccine design approach was applied to the intrinsically disordered antigen, MSP2, using a crystal structure of 4D11 Fv in complex with its minimal binding epitope. Molecular dynamics simulations and surface plasmon resonance informed the design of a series of constrained peptides that mimicked the 4D11-bound epitope structure. These peptides were conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin and used to immunise mice, with high to moderate antibody titres being generated in all groups. The specificities of antibody responses revealed that a single point mutation can focus the antibody response towards a more favourable epitope. This structure-based approach to peptide vaccine design may be useful not only for MSP2-based malaria vaccines, but also for other intrinsically disordered antigens.
Cases of application of the installation for electromechanical processing in the hardening of machine parts
Authors: Pastukhov A.G. , Sharaya O.A.
Published: August 2021

The paper presents the cases of using the UEMO-standard installation based on the 1M63F101 screw-cutting lathe for electromechanical hardening of the working surfaces of agricultural machinery and equipment parts. According to the results of hardening of the spider ends of the cardan joints crosses of the tractor Belarus 82.1/102.1, plunger of milk homogenizer A1-ОG2М and disc coulters of the seeder SZT-3,6A, operational properties of the working surfaces of the said parts increased 1,5…2,0 times. To ensure the processing of parts of various shapes, the tooling for installing, positioning and fixing parts on basic equipment has been developed. Technical solutions of the tooling are protected by patents.
3M science in the fight against global challenge
Authors: Partsiba A.I.
Published: August 2021

3M is expanding its technological capabilities by recently adding technologies that have been actively developed by the company to the list of its technology platforms. These technologies, most of which relate to the digital sphere, are making an increasing contribution to generating a stream of unique 3M products that contribute to the organic growth of the company and address the global challenges of our time. Over the past 5 years, the company has registered an average of 3,780 patents annually.
How to improve road safety by digitalizing pre-trip controls
Authors: Elizarova Yuliya Vladimirovna
Published: August 2021

The year 2020 was a year of digital technology breakthroughs, including in the transport and logistics industry. Elizarova Yuliya Vladimirovna, head of the legal department of MedPoint24, tells how to embark on the path of digitalization within the framework of the law and what innovations for fleets of vehicles in the field of safety will come into force in 2021.
How to ensure the safety of industrial and production enterprises using video technology
Authors: Khafizov Bulat
Published: August 2021

It is possible to take control of all processes at the production facility and ensure its safety only with the help of a complex of modern technologies. In the article, the author uses the case of innovative solutions of the Chinese company Hikvision to consider the complexes of technical means that ensure the prevention of theft and non-production losses, perimeter protection, as well as fire safety and compliance with labor discipline. According to the author, the intelligent video analytics system is exactly the tool that allows the security service of an industrial or production facility to become a modern service for preventing incidents and losses.
Dairy productivity of zaanen type goats hybrids from crossing with the nubian breed bucks
Authors: САННИКОВ М.Ю. , НОВОПАШИНА С.И. , ХАТАТАЕВ С.А. , КИЗИЛОВА Е.И.
Published: August 2021

Изучена молочная продуктивность потомства I, II и III поколений при скрещивании молочных коз в типе зааненской породы с козлами нубийской породы. Установлено, что самый высокий удой за лактацию (576,5±11,62) был у чистопородных зааненских коз (n=72) — на 10,8—25,3% (P≦0,05) больше, чем у помесных животных за счет более длительной лактации (на 13,0%). Среднесуточный удой за лактацию был на 2,1% выше у помесей I поколения (n=26), чем у зааненских, на 4,9% — чем у помесей II (n=24) и на 13,5% — чем у помесей III поколений (n=21) (P≦0,05). Козоматки III поколения по содержанию жира превосходили сверстниц на 0,14—0,50 абс. процента, а белка — на 0,18—0,37 абс. процента. Среднесуточное количество молочного жира было выше у помесей I поколения на 0,9—7,3%, молочного белка — на 1,5—5,1%. За счет более продолжительного периода лактации козоматки зааненской породы превосходили своих помесных сверстниц по количеству молочного жира на 5,3—11,8% (1,2—2,5 кг) и по количеству молочного белка — на 7,7—11,3% (1,2—1,7 кг). Таким образом, поглотительное скрещивание является эффективным приемом для получения чистопородных животных нубийской породы. И может быть использовано в качестве селекционного приема в товарных хозяйствах для повышения качественных показателей молока коз в типе зааненской породы.

Milk productivity of the offspring of generations I, II, and III during milk goat breeding in the type of the Saanen breed with goats of the Nubian breed was studied. It was found that the highest milk yield per lactation (576.5±11.62) was demonstrated by purebred Saanen goats (n=72) — by 10.8—25.3% (P≦0.05) more than in crossbred animals due to prolonged lactation (by 13.0%). Average daily milk yield per lactation was 2.1% higher in crossbred animals of generation I (n=26) compared to the Saanen breed, 4.9% higher than in crossbred animals of generation II (n=24), and 13.5% higher than in crossbred animals of generation III (n-21) (P≦0.05). By fat content the breeding goats of generation III are superior to their age-mates by 0.14—0.50 absolute percent, and by protein — by 0.18—0.37 absolute percent. Average daily milk fat content was 0.9—7.3% higher in crossbred animals of generation I; average daily milk protein content was 1.5—5.1% higher. Due to prolonged lactation breeding goats of the Saanen breed were superior to their crossbred age-mates in milk fat quantity by 5.3—11.8% (1.2—2.5 kg), and in milk protein quantity — by 7.7—11.3% (1.2—1.7 kg). Accordingly, accumulation cross breeding is an effective method of obtaining purebred animals of the Nubian breed. It can be used as a selection technique in commercial farming to increase qualitative characteristics of goat milk in the type of the Saanen breed.
Physiological Changes in Indian River Prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii Experimentally Infected with Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio anguillarum
Authors: SETHI SATYANARAYAN , MUKHERJEE SUBHASH CHANDRA , DAS BASANTA KUMAR , SAMAL SURYA KANTA , SONI SHALINI
Published: August 2021

Outbreak of diseases and health related problems due to vibriosis are common in brackishwater aquaculture and mariculture. However, studies on vibriosis in the fresh water prawn are not well documented. In the present study, biochemical changes under induced stress condition in Indian river prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii was studied. Prawn juveniles of (90 ± 5 mm) procured from a nearby river were injected with pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus and V. anguillarum) through the gill 0.3x106 cfu of each prawn for a period of 15 days in controlled laboratory environment. Total protein of the haemolymph decreased. Haemolymph cholesterol was elevated significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in V. anguillarum infection, whereas triglyceride and glucose level decreased in comparison to the control. Variation of aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase activities increased under bacterial stress condition. The acid phosphatase level was reduced and alkaline phosphatase activity increased. There was a decrease in bactericidal activity in infected prawns.
Fish Assemblages in Abandoned Ponds and Waterways Surrounding Brackish Water Aquaculture Ponds in Panay Island, the Philippines
Authors: IKEJIMA K. , RONQUILLO J.D. , CORRE, JR V.L. , DUREZA V.A.
Published: August 2021

Fish assemblage structure in abandoned ponds and waterways in Panay Island, Philippine, were investigated and compared with those in mangrove fringed habitats. Juvenile and small resident fishes were collected using a seine net set along the beach, creeks, waterways and abandoned culture ponds. Sampling stations were characterized by the absence or presence of mangrove vegetation. Fish diversity was higher on beaches and in creeks with mangroves and in creeks without mangrove compared with abandoned ponds and waterways. Gobiidae was the most diverse species group, being abundant in most stations. More species of juveniles occurred in mangrove habitats and river banks than in abandoned ponds and waterways. However, fish abundance and biomass were not clearly different between stations. The results suggest that fish diversity decreases in areas with culture pond constructions, but these still provide habitat for gobies and juveniles of a few other species.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Kitab Kuning Di MTs Raudlatul Ulum Guyangan Trangkil Pati
Authors: Salafi Salafi
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis manajemen pembelajaran Kitab kuning di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Raudlatul Ulum Guyangan Trangkil Pati. Ada tiga hal yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini yaitu perencanaan, pengorganisasian, dan evaluasi pembelajaran kitab kuning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Karena itu, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Untuk menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan, yaitu display, reduksi, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model pengembangan manajemen terdiri tiga unsur yaitu perencanaan, pengorganisasian, dan evaluasi. Perencanaan di MTs Raudlatul Ulum Guyangan Trangkil Pati dilakukan di setiap awal tahun untuk menyusun program kerja dan kurikulum. Dalam hal ini, Madrasah mendatangkan ahli sebagai konsultan perencanaan program dan kurikulum. Pengorganisasian pembelajaran kitab kuning dilakukan dengan memberikan jam tambahan setiap Sabtu sampai Selasa untuk mengakomodir semua mata pelajaran. Adapun fungsi evaluasi dilakukan dengan penilaian tengah dan akhir semester dalam bentuk ujian tulis, lisan, dan hafalan.
Pembelajaran Daring Masa Pandemi COVID-19 Di Sekolah Indonesia Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Musoffa Silfiyani
Published: August 2021

AbstrakPandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak yang signifikan dalam dunia pendidikan yaitu adanya transformasi pembelajaran yang semula dilakukan secara konvensional beralih menjadi daring. Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu 1) Untuk mengidentifikasi bagaimana sistem pembelajaran masa pandemi COVID-19, 2) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi pembelajaran daring masa pandemi COVID-19 di SIKL, dan 3) Untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan dalam pembelajaran daring selama pandemi COVID-19 di SIKL. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, subyek penelitian guru dan kepala sekolah. Pengumpulan data melalui dokumentasi dan wawancara dalam pelaksanaan KKL International Virtual Fieldwork Study di Sekolah Indonesia Kuala Lumpur yang diselenggarakan oleh Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kudus (IAIN Kudus). Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran daring dilakukan sebagai upaya belajar di rumah (BDR) guna memutus penyebaran COVID-19 membutuhkan kreativitas guru dan pendampingan orang tua, implementasi pembelajaran daring di SIKL direalisasikan dalam bentuk sistem digital seperti blueprint, program unggulan dan feedback laporan dari orang tua, pembelajaran daring di SIKL memiliki kelebihan dalam hal pelaksanaan sistem digital, program unggulan, serta feedback laporan orang tua dan memiliki kekurangan dalam hal keterbatasan akses internet dan kejenuhan siswa dalam belajar.Kata Kunci: Implementasi, Pembelajaran Daring, COVID-19, SIKL.AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on world education, namely the transformation of conventional learning into courage. The objectives of this study are 1) To find out how the learning system during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2) To see how the implementation of bold learning to face the COVID-19 pandemic in SIKL, and 3) To see the advantages and disadvantages of learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. at SIKL. This study uses qualitative methods, the subject of research is the teacher and the principal. Collecting data through documentation and interviews in the implementation of the KKL International Virtual Fieldwork Study at the Kuala Lumpur Indonesian School organized by the Kudus State Islamic Institute (IAIN Kudus). The results of the study show that bold learning as an effort to learn at home (BDR) to cut the spread of COVID-19 requires teacher creativity and parental assistance, the implementation of learning in SIKL is realized in the form of a digital system such as blueprints, superior programs and report feedback. from parents, brave learning SIKL has advantages in terms of implementing digital systems, superior programs, as well as parental feedback reports and has shortcomings in limited internet access and student boredom in learning.Keywords: Implementation, Online Learning, COVID-19, SIKL.
Memoria y prácticas docentes: enseñanza de la violencia política peruana en un colegio público-emblemático peruano
Authors: Arrunátegui Gabriela
Published: August 2021

La enseñanza de la historia reciente de un país, constituida por dictaduras y conflictos internos, resulta una tarea compleja para la institución educativa. En el Perú, la violencia política de los años 1980-2000 es parte de su historia reciente. El sistema educativo y sus docentes, que fueron afectados y recuerdan dicho periodo, actualmente deben enseñarlo en los cursos de Ciencias Sociales de 5to de secundaria. Esta tesis de sociología busca comprender la manera en que cuatro docentes de un colegio público-emblemático de Lima Metropolitana enseñan el periodo de violencia política, desde su desempeño profesional, las narrativas que transmiten y su vinculación con las memorias sociales en pugna. La metodología cualitativa empleada trianguló observaciones de clases, entrevistas a profundidad y revisión de documentos. Para su análisis, los enfoques teóricos seleccionados fueron la sociología de la experiencia escolar, la memoria e historia y los tipos de desempeño profesional. Los resultados señalan que la enseñanza de la memoria está atravesada por conflictos y negociaciones en torno al contexto institucional y político, la dinámica educativa en el aula, y las trayectorias profesionales y personales de los docentes.
Cultura escrita, literatura y política en el partido obrero de córdoba
Authors: Viñolo Sol Anahí
Published: August 2021

La cultura escrita ha tenido un lugar muy importante en la historia del Partido Obrero y es un elemento fundante, constituyente y vital de toda su actividad política en la actualidad. A partir del registro documental y el trabajo de campo realizado en el Partido Obrero entre 2014 y 2015 en Córdoba, se busca dar cuenta del lugar que la cultura escrita y la literatura, en particular, tienen en la construcción de la organización trotskista argentina. Así como reflexionar sobre las potencialidades de la antropología para estudiar la literatura y más específicamente la relación entre la literatura y la política.