bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transakcje ponadprogowe w biurach rachunkowych a instytucja czynnego żalu. Zarys problematyki
Authors: Wasiak Dariusz , Góral Urszula
Published: December 2023

Ustawa z dnia 1 marca 2018 roku o przeciwdziałaniu praniu pieniędzy oraz finansowaniu terroryzmu obliguje niektóre instytucje obowiązane, w szczególności przedsiębiorców prowadzących działalność w zakresie usługowego prowadzenia ksiąg rachunkowych, do informowania Generalnego Inspektora Informacji Finansowej o przyjętej wpłacie lub dokonanej wypłacie środków pieniężnych o równowartości przekraczającej 15 tys. euro. Pomimo ogólnodostępnej informacji w tym zakresie przedsiębiorcy ci nadal pozostają w pewnej postępującej niepewności w zakresie prawidłowej interpretacji obowiązku, o którym mowa w art. 72 ust. 1 przywołanej ustawy. W następstwie często błędnej interpretacji przepisu występują z wnioskami do organu nadzorczego o ujęcie ich zachowań w kategorii instytucji czynnego żalu. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą dokonania zrównoważonej interpretacji art. 72 ust. 1 przywołanej ustawy w powiązaniu z możliwością powoływania się przez przedsiębiorcę na instytucję czynnego żalu.
Evidence-practice gap in treatment decisions about defective composite and amalgam restorations among Brazilian dentists
Authors: Tagliaferro Elaine Pereira da Silva , Riley III Joseph L. , Gilbert Gregg H. , Silva Silvio Rocha Correa da , Rosell Fernanda Lopez , Valsecki Junior Aylton , Gordan Valeria Veiga
Published: December 2023

Better understanding of dentists’ decision-making about defective restorations is needed to close the evidence-practice gap (EPG). This study aimed to quantify the EPG about defective restorations and identify dentist factors associated with this EPG. Methods: 216 dentists from São Paulo State, Brazil, completed a questionnaire about three clinical case scenarios involving defective composite restorations with cementum-dentin margins (case 1) and enamel margins (case 2), and an amalgam (case 3) restoration. Dentists were asked what treatment, if any, they would recommend, including preventive treatment, polishing, re-surfacing, or repairing the restoration, or replacing the entire restoration. Replacing the entire restoration in any of these three scenarios was classified as inconsistent with the evidence, comprising an EPG. Bivariate analyses using Chi-square, ANOVA, or multiple comparison tests were performed (p<.05). Results: for defective composite restorations, 49% and 55% of dentists chose to replace the entire restoration for cases 1 and 2, respectively. Twenty-nine percent of dentists chose to replace the entire amalgam restoration. Dentists were significantly more likely to choose to replace the defective amalgam restoration than the composite restoration with a defect at the cementum-dentin margins or the enamel margins (both at p < .001). Female dentists were more likely to choose a conservative treatment than male dentists for cases 1 (p=.034) and 2 (p=.009). Dentists with a higher percentage of patients interested in individualized caries prevention were also more conservative in case 1 (p=.045). Conclusion: a substantial EPG regarding treatment decisions for defective restorations exists, especially for composite restorations. This study adds to the international evidence that an EPG exists in this clinical area and that global strategies need to be developed to close the gap.
Construção do espaço urbano em Içara
Authors: Silveira Bruno , Assunção Viviane
Published: December 2023

O artigo apresenta as práticas insurgentes de atores sociais marginalizados no fazer-cidade em Içara, Santa Catarina. A partir de uma pesquisa etnográfica realizada no Centro de Içara, o texto expõe o esvaziamento do direito à cidade alocado a uma condição jurídica, tecnicista e excludente e o contrapõe com a insurgência de sujeitos que subvertem o controle do poder hegemônico por meio de suas práticas subversivas. Utilizando a perspectiva de Michel de Certeau, a exploração da cidade se deu por meio de “processos caminhatórios” e o seu registro em um diário de campo. Nesse contexto, as manifestações populares contemporâneas, como os grafites e pichações, representam uma forma de fazer-cidade das vozes marginalizadas, assim como a ocupação de espaços públicos por pessoas em situação de rua.
As possibilidades de fracasso do discurso de ódio
Authors: Pereira Gabriela
Published: December 2023

Esta resenha aborda o livro “Discurso de Ódio: uma política do performativo”, de Judith Butler. Na obra, a autora disserta sobre o discurso de ódio e os limites da liberdade de expressão, destacando a vulnerabilidade da linguagem ao argumentar que os discursos de ódio podem fracassar. Butler propõe a subversão do discurso de ódio e critica a regulamentação estatal, defendendo a atuação política de grupos vulneráveis.
Understanding Islamic Junior High School Students' Attitudes and Thoughts Toward Puberty: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Reny Sumino  , Pakpahan Cennikon , Amanda Bella
Published: December 2023

Puberty is a transitional period experienced by humans. This period is closely associated with physical, psychological, and emotional changes. Adolescents' responses to puberty can vary. We conducted a qualitative study to determine the definition of puberty and opinions and feelings about facing or experiencing puberty. Our research was conducted in one junior high school by conducting interviews in two focus group discussions. We found two major themes in this study: first is the definition of puberty, and second is the feeling about puberty. Both themes consisted of several sub-themes. The respondents stated that puberty is a maturity period characterized by significant physical, psychological, and emotional changes. The respondents also expressed that they were surprised by the changes they experienced. In addition, for them, puberty is the beginning of new obligations in their social environment. Attraction to the opposite sex makes them more careful and they must be able to control themselves. The need to share friends and role models is one of their recognitions in puberty. Other than that sex education indeed for better information.  This study can be used as a reference for understanding the needs of adolescents regarding puberty so that they can better adapt and maintain sexual and reproductive health for good health and well being.
Dialektika Emergency of State dan Tujuan Hukum Dalam Penetapan PERPPU 2/2022 Menjadi Undang-Undang
Authors: Arelia Faraz Almira
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article discusses how the dialectic of emergency of state with the principle of legal objectives against the stipulation of Government Regulation instead of Law (PERPPU) Number 2 of 2022 on Job Creation into Law Number 6 of 2023. The research method uses a normative legal research model. The results showed that forming regulations on job creation in Indonesia is a dynamic aspect of policy formulation for the community, either pro or con. The state’s emergency is interpreted subjectively, where the President has the authority to issue PERPPU if the country is in a dangerous situation to prevent a legal vacuum. The lawful purpose of the stipulation does not only stop at the aspect of legal certainty but needs to pay attention to the principles of justice and expediency as the purpose of the nation and state.
Keywords:  Government Regulation Liew of Law, Job Creation, Emergency State, Purpose of Law.
 
Abstrak
Artikel ini membahas bagaimana dialektika emergency of state dengan prinsip tujuan hukum terhadap penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (PERPPU) Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 tentang Cipta Kerja menjadi Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023. Metode penelitian menggunakan model penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pembentukan peraturan tentang cipta kerja di Indonesia merupakan aspek dinamis dalam perumusan kebijakan terhadap masyarakat baik pro atau kontra. Emergency of state  ditafsirkan secara subjektif, dimana  Presiden memiliki kewenangan untuk menerbitkan PERPPU apabila negara berada di situasi berbahaya untuk mencegah kekosongan hukum. Tujuan hukum penetapan tersebut tidak hanya berhenti pada aspek kepastian hukum semata, namun perlu memperhatikan prinsip keadilan serta kemanfaatan sebagaimana tujuan berbangsa dan bernegara.
Keywords: Perppu; Cipta Kerja; Emergency State;Tujuan Hukum.
Tinjauan Analisis Panel dan Appellate Body WTO Pada Sengketa Hambatan Teknis Dalam Perdagangan
Authors: Panjaitan Anggia Rettrisunz P I M
Published: December 2023

Abstract
One of the WTO disputes that have recently been rife are disputes over technical barriers. Within the WTO itself, arrangements related to technical barriers are contained in the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement). Generally, disputes over technical barriers are associated with violations of the provisions of Articles 2.1 and 2.2 of the TBT. However, what constitutes a violation of the non-discrimination principle in Article 2.1 of the TBT? And what is the basis for the violation of the provisions of Article 2.2 TBT? This article will attempt to explore the elements of violations in Articles 2.1 and 2.2 of the TBT. The analysis will refer to previous disputes such as the DS381 (US-Tuna II Case), DS384 (US-COOL Case), and DS406 (US-Clove Cigarette Case). These disputes contain various landmark decisions that produce new precedents which are then later to be used as a reference on future technical barriers dispute. This article attempts to describe the interpretation and analysis of the panel and the appellate body in analyzing the elements of violations of the provisions of Articles 2.1 and 2.2 of the TBT.
Keywords: Technical Barriers, Non-Discrimination, Unnecessary trade restrictive barriers
 
Abstrak
Salah satu sengketa WTO yang akhir-akhir ini marak terjadi adalah sengketa hambatan teknis. Dalam WTO itu sendiri, pengaturan terkait dengan hambatan teknis termuat dalam Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (Perjanjian TBT). Umumnya, sengketa hambatan teknis dikaitkan dengan pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan Pasal 2.1 dan 2.2 TBT. Namun demikian, apa yang disebut sebagai pelanggaran terhadap prinsip non-diskriminasi dalam Pasal 2.1 TBT? Dan apa yang menjadi dasar adanya pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan Pasal 2.2 TBT? Artikel ini akan berupaya mengupas unsur-unsur pelanggaran dalam Pasal 2.1 dan 2.2 TBT. Analisa tersebut akan mengacu pada sengketa terdahulu seperti DS381 (US-Tuna II Case), DS384 (US-COOL Case), dan DS406 (US-Clove Cigarette Case). Ketiga sengketa tersebut memuat berbagai landmark decision yang menghasilkan preseden-preseden baru yang kemudian dimanfaatkan sebagai rujukan pada sengketa hambatan teknis selanjutnya. Artikel ini berupaya untuk menjabarkan penafsiran dan analisa panel maupun appellate body dalam menganalisa unsur pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan Pasal 2.1 dan 2.2 TBT.
Kata Kunci: Hambatan Teknis, Non-Diskriminasi, Hambatan perdagangan yang tidak diperlukan
Kekuatan Hukum Gugatan Ahli Waris Pemilik Sertifikat Ganda dan Akta Jual Beli Tanah
Authors: Ade Irma Octarianti  , Sekar Pramesti Negara  , Farel Aditya Maksum
Published: December 2023

AbstrakPendaftaran tanah oleh notaris diperlukan agar pemilik tanah memiliki perlindungan hukum atas hak milik tanah tersebut. Namun, akta jual beli tanah perlu dipertanyakan jika muncul sertifikat ganda pada sebidang tanah yang dijual belikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang menyebabkab terbitnya sertifikat ganda, dan mengetahui kekuatan hukum akta jual beli tanah terhadap gugatan ahli waris sebagai pemilik sertifikat Ganda. Metode yang dilakukan adalah kualitatif, dengan pendekatan normatif deskriptif. Fenomena diambil dari putusan pengadilan MA kemudian di analisis secara hukum perundangan mengenai status hukum akta jual beli tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terbitnya sertifikat ganda adalah ketidaktahuan masyarakat pihak notaris atau PPAT melakukan kelalaian tidak menganalis status atas tanah tersebut secara mendalam oleh semua ahli waris. Kemudian lemahnya aturan tentang pendaftaran tanah sehingga mengakibatkan proses pendaftaran tanah dapat di lakukan meskipun tanah sudah berseertifikat. Selanjutnya, adanya pendaftaran tanah secara ilegal. 2) Kekuatan hukum akta jual beli tanah terhadap kepemilikan tanah menjadi tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum karena adanya sertifikat yang terlebih dahulu diterbitkan. Kata Kunci: Ahli Waris; Notaris; Pendaftaran Tanah; Sertifikat Ganda.
AbstractLand registration by a notary is necessary so that the land owner has legal protection for the land ownership rights. However, a notarial deed needs to be questioned if multiple certificates appear on a piece of land being traded. This study aims to determine the factors that cause the issuance of multiple certificates, and determine the legal force of the notary deed of sale and purchase of land against the claim of the heirs as the owner of the dual certificate. The method used is qualitative, with a descriptive normative approach. The phenomenon is taken from the decision of the Supreme Court and then legally analyzed in terms of the legal status of a notary deed. The results of this study were 1) the factors that led to the issuance of multiple certificates were the ignorance of the public, the notary negligence did not analyze the status of the land in depth by all the heirs. Then the weak rules regarding land registration so that the land registration process can be carried out even though the land is already certified. Furthermore, there is a land mafia, the land mafia concerned is by registering land illegally with a notary which is also illegal. 2) The legal force of the notary deed of sale and purchase of land against is not legally enforceable because the certificate that is valid and has legal force is the certificate that was issued first.Keywords: Heirs; Notaries; Land Registration; Multiple Certificates.
Interações reciprocas entre relevo, água e voçorocas: estudo de caso da região do Complexo Bação – Minas Gerais
Authors: Bacellar Luis de Almeida Prado
Published: December 2023

A importância da água na gênese e evolução de voçorocas é conhecida, mas ainda há poucos estudos sobre sua interação com o relevo e o voçorocamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é avançar neste tema numa região do embasamento cristalino (Complexo Bação), no Quadrilátero Ferrífero, estado de Minas Gerais, com a revisão de trabalhos científicos desenvolvidos desde 1991. O trabalho envolveu a análise integrada de dados de caracterização geológica, geomorfológica e geotécnica, de monitoramento hídrico e de simulações numéricas de fluxo. Os resultados indicam que a evolução destas voçorocas é consequência do espesso perfil de saprolitos erodíveis e da ação da água subterrânea controlada por fatores geomorfológicos. Com o rebaixamento do aquífero no entorno das voçorocas, a recarga e, consequentemente, a exfiltração da água nos taludes das voçorocas é retardada. Contudo, no interior destas predomina o escoamento superficial, resultando no incremento das vazões e inundações no período chuvoso e de redução do fluxo de base na estiagem. A exfiltração atrasada de água nos taludes induz movimentos de massa e pipings, mesmo no período seco, mobilizando expressivas cargas de sedimentos que serão transportados nas primeiras chuvas do período úmido. Portanto, as voçorocas no Complexo do Bação são condicionadas e modificam a dinâmica hídrica, proporcionando variados danos econômicos e socioambientais.
Archaeological evidence for Domozhirov's campaign of 1595 at the Nadezhdinka IV burial ground in the Tara-Irtysh basin
Authors: Tataurov S.F.
Published: December 2023

The study deals with the events that took place in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia, in the Tara-Irtysh basin, in the spring of 1595, associated with the campaign of the Tara detachment led by B. Domozhirov to the middle reaches of the Tara River and to the Baraba forest-steppe. During this campaign, the fortress of Tunus was taken by storm. The aim of the work is to trace, with the example of the burials of the Nadezhdinka IV burial ground, the fate of the defenders of the town and, in general, of the Tatar population living in the Tara-Irtysh basin. The capture of the fortress is described in detail in the memo-randum report of the Tara vaivode. The archaeological investigations confirmed the information of the written source. The article is based on the materials from the Nadezhdinka IV burial ground excavated by the author in 2004–2006. In particular, a series of graves were investigated, in which the defenders transferred from the fortress were buried. The analysis of the burials allows the reconstruction of individual elements of the funeral rite, and exposition of the accompanying grave goods. The result of the study was the assessment of the situation developed at the end of the 16th c. in the Irtysh basin and the reasons for the retreat of the Russians to the north to the fortress of Tara. In the result of this campaign, Tatar settlements of this volost were plun-dered and this region of the Tara basin was appreciably depopulated. By the end of the 16th c., the Russians occupied the lands up to the river Om from its mouth to the middle course. However, the migration of the Kalmyks from the east to Western Siberia forced the Russians to abandon this territory and retreat essentially down to Tara. The reason for that was the lack of human resources both in the town of Tara as well as in the local population. Only towards the end of the 17th c. the Russians began to move southwards — this was the price of the cruel treatment of the Siberian Tatars in the spring of 1595. The burnt fortress of Tunus and the graves of its defenders at the Nadezhdinka IV burial ground have become a testimony of the ill-thought policy of the Tara vaivodes. The local Tatars, after waiting a certain time following the departure of the Tara detachment, visited the for-tress and buried the remains of the defenders on the cliff of the Tara River. After that, most of them left the Irtysh basin and went to their historical homeland in the Southern Trans-Urals.
Personalizacija izbora i kandidatske preferencije u Hrvatskoj 2000-2021
Authors: Lalić Dražen
Published: December 2023

Sažetak Autor u tekstu ispituje osnovna obilježja uporabe personalizacije izbora kao važnog aspekta kandidatskih preferencija u kampanjama u suvremenoj Hrvatskoj na predsjedničkim, lokalnim i parlamentarnim izborima u razdoblju od 2000. do 2021. Analiziraju se teze o prisutnosti personalizacije u naznačenom razdoblju, o njenoj uporabi od strane pobjednika izbora u usporedbi s izbornim gubitnicima, korištenju personalizacije za konstrukciju imidža i isticanje stvarnih svojstava te njezine povezanosti sa stranačkom identifikacijom i problemskom orijentacijom. Autor zaključuje kako personalizacija zahtijeva dublja teorijska promišljanja i sustavno provođenje empirijskih istraživanja koja bi trebala zahvatiti cjelinu pojave personalizacije izbora umjesto ograničene raščlambe izbornih kampanja.
Europeizacija i europski identitet između kulture sjećanja i kulture zaborava
Authors: Špehar Hrvoje , Pepić Ivan
Published: December 2023

Rad istražuje kako proces europeizacije utječe na oblikovanje kolektivnih ‎kultura sjećanja i zaborava, te osobito pokazuje kako je institucionalizirana ‎praksa europskih institucija u pogledu sjećanja na Holokaust. Metodološki, ‎rad se usmjerava na istraživanja novoga institucionalizma te ih povezuje s nekim elementima socijalnog konstruktivizma u teoriji europske integracije. S ‎jedne strane, kultura sjećanja i kultura zaborava opisuje se djelovanjem europeizacijskih momenata u politici ne samo Europske unije već i njezinih država ‎članica u povijesno-institucionalnom razvoju, dok se interpretacija europskog ‎identiteta ostavlja otvorenom i pluralnom. Istraživanje se oslanja na brojne ‎radove iz područja konstrukcije europskog identiteta i procesa europeizacije, ‎osobito na radove koji su značajno doprinijeli ovom području političke teorije ‎europske integracije.‎‎
UV-C Light Intervention as a Barrier against Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ragan Izabela , Perez Jessie , Hartson Lindsay , Davenport Wilson , Doyle Branden
Published: December 2023

Background: SARS-CoV-2 continues to impact human health globally, with airborne transmission being a significant mode for transmission. In addition to tools like vaccination and testing, counter-measures that reduce viral spread in indoor settings are critical. This study aims to assess the efficacy of UV-C light, utilizing the Violett sterilization device, as a countermeasure against airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the highly susceptible Golden Syrian hamster model. Methods: Two cohorts of naïve hamsters were subjected to airborne transmission from experimentally infected hamsters; one cohort was exposed to air treated with UV-C sterilization, while the other cohort was exposed to un-treated air. Results: Treatment of air with UV-C light prevented the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from experimentally exposed hamster to naïve hamsters. Notably, this protection was sustained over a muti-day exposure period during peak viral shedding from hamsters. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the efficacy of the UV-C light to mitigate airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission. As variants continue to emerge, UV-C light holds promise as a tool to reduce infections in diverse indoor settings, ranging from healthcare facilities to households. This study reinforces the urgency of implementing innovative methods to reduce airborne disease transmission and safeguard public health against emerging biological threats.
Syntax-driven Target Opinion Word Extraction
Authors: Terry Roggie , Cress Prenate , Ali Woods
Published: December 2023

The process of Targeted Opinion Word Extraction (TOWE), a critical component of aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA), revolves around identifying opinionated words linked to specific aspect-terms within sentences. Existing deep learning approaches, while effective, often overlook the syntactic structure of sentences, a factor that previous studies have identified as beneficial for TOWE. In this study, we introduce the Syntactic-Enhanced Deep Learning Model (SEDLM) that integrates syntactic structures into deep learning frameworks for TOWE. Our approach leverages syntax-driven opinion potential scores and syntactic inter-word connections, enhancing model performance. Additionally, we introduce an innovative regularization strategy aimed at distinguishing word representations in TOWE tasks. Our comprehensive analysis reveals that SEDLM sets new benchmarks in performance across multiple standard datasets.
Impact of CytoSorb Hemoadsorption Therapy on Fluid Balance in Patients with Septic Shock
Authors: Kogelmann Klaus , Huebner Tobias , Drüner Matthias , Jarczak Dominik
Published: December 2023

Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection. Recent in-vitro studies have investigated the effects of CytoSorb hemoadsorption on endothelial function in sepsis showing a reduction in markers of endothelial dysfunction, but to this day there is a lack of clinical studies showing whether this approach could actually positively influence the disturbed vascular barrier function in septic conditions. We analyzed the data on administered fluid volumes and catecholamines to determine the potential benefit of CytoSorb hemoadsorption therapy on endothelial function in a clinical scenario. We performed a retrospective analysis of 124 septic shock patients who had undergone adjunctive treatment with CytoSorb hemadsorption therapy. We collected volume requirements, and calculated the volume balance within different time periods to obtain an assumption on the stability of the vascular barrier. We also calculated catecholamine requirements. With regard to the entire study cohort our findings revealed a significant reduction in fluid balance at 72 hours (T72) compared to both baseline (T0) and the 24-hour mark (T24). Fluid balances from T72 – T0 were significantly lower in hospital survivors compared to non-survivors. Patients who received a second catecholamine had a significantly lower in-hospital mortality. Our findings showed that use of hemoadsorption therapy results in a reduced positive fluid balance paralleled by reductions in vasopressor needs suggesting a positive effect on endothelial integrity. These results, derived from a large cohort of patients, provide valuable insights that may greatly improve our understanding of the multiple effects of hemoadsorption treatment in septic shock patients.
Nutritional Status and Physical Activity are Associated with Cognitive Function in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: the Role of Happiness
Authors: Liu Jianghong , Pan Michael , Sun McKenna , Shi Haoer , Feng Rui
Published: December 2023

We aim to examine how happiness modifies and mediates the impact of physical activity and nu-trition on cognitive function among 699 seniors aged 60 and above in Shanghai, China. Linear regression models were used to validate the effects of nutrition and exercise on cognitive function, and to test their interaction effects with happiness. When the interactions were significant, strati-fied analyses in sub-groups were conducted. Mediation effects of happiness were examined using two-step causal mediation models. We confirmed that better nutrition (p < 0.001) and exercise (p = 0.009) were significantly associated with less cognitive decline. Furthermore, the effects of nu-trition and exercise on cognitive decline were significant in the unhappy (happiness < 20) (p <0.001) and younger (age < 74) sub-groups (p = 0.015). Happiness partially mediated 11.5% of the negative association of cognitive decline with nutrition (p = 0.015) and 23.0% of that with exercise (p = 0.017). This study suggests that happiness moderates and also partially mediates the effects of exercise and nutrition on cognitive status. The beneficial effects of exercise and nutrition were stronger in less happy or younger seniors. Future intervention studies are required to confirm this path relationship.
E3 Ligases Regulate Organelle Inheritance in Yeast
Authors: Obara Keisuke , Nishimura Kohei , Kamura Takumi
Published: December 2023

Saccharomyces cerevisiae proliferates by budding, which includes the formation of a cytoplasmic protrusion called the ‘bud’, into which DNA, RNA, proteins, organelles, and other materials are transported. The transport of organelles into the growing bud must be strictly regulated for proper inheritance of organelles by daughter cells. In yeast, E3 ubiquitin ligases are involved in inheritance of mitochondria, vacuoles, and peroxisomes. These organelles are transported toward the tip of the growing bud by the myosin motor protein Myo2 along actin filaments. During organelle transport, adaptor proteins bridge the organelles and myosin. After reaching the bud, the adaptor proteins are ubiquitinated by E3 ubiquitin ligases and then degraded by the proteasome. Targeted degradation of the adaptor proteins is necessary to unload to unload the organelles from the actin–myosin machinery. Impairment of the ubiquitination of adaptor proteins results in a failure of organelle release from myosin, which in turn leads to abnormal dynamics, morphology, and function of the inherited organelles. Here, we summarize the role and regulation of E3 ubiquitin ligases during organelle inheritance in yeast.
Milestones in Antiviral Drug Development
Authors: De Clercq Erik Desiré
Published: December 2023

In this review article will be described the (wide) variety of approaches that I envisaged to develop a specific therapy of viral infections: (i) interferon and its inducers, (ii) HSV, VZV and CMV inhibitors, (iii) NRTIs (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors), NtRTIs (nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors) and NNRTIs (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) as HIV inhibitors, (iv) NtRTIs as HBV inhibitors and finally, (v) the transition of an HIV inhibitor to a stem cell mobilizer, as exemplified by AMD-3100 (Mozobil®).
The Rapidly Changing Patterns in Bacterial Co-infections Reveal Peaks in Limited Gram-Negatives during COVID and Their Sharp Drop Post- Vaccinations Implying Potential Evolution of Co-protection during Vaccine-Virus-Bacterial Interplay
Authors: Said Kamaleldin B. , Alsolami Ahmed , Alshammari Khalid Farhan , Alshammari Fawwaz , Moussa Safia , Alghozwi Mohammed H. , Alshammari Suliman F. , Alharbi Nawaf F. , Khalifa Amany Mohammed , Mahmoud Madiha Rabie , Ghoniem Mohamed E.
Published: December 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 have caused a devastating pandemic of all times in the recent human history. However, there is a serious paucity in high quality data on aggravating factors and mechanisms of co-infection. This study aimed to identify the trending patterns of bacterial co-infections and types and associated outcomes in three phases of the pandemic. Using quality hospital data, we have investigated the SARS-CoV-2 fatality rates, profiles, and types of bacterial co-infections before, during, and after COVID-19 vaccinations. Out of 389 isolates used in different aspects, 298 was examined before and during the pandemic (n=149 before, n=149 during), death rates were 32% during compared to only 7.4% before pandemic with significant association (P value = 0.000000075). Death rate was 34% in co-infected (n = 170) compared to non-co-infected patients (n = 128) indicating a highly significant value (P value = 0.00000000000088). However, analysis of patients without other respiratory problems (n=28) indicated that among the remaining 270 patients, death was 30% in co-infected patients (n=150) and only 0.8% in non-coinfected (n=120) with high significant P value= 0.00000000076. The trending patterns of co-infections before, during, and after vaccinations showed a significant decline in Staphylococcus aureus with concomitant peaks in Gram-negatives in totals of (n= 149 before/n= 149 during): Klebsiella pneumonia (n = 11/49 before/during; E. coli n=10/24, A. baumannii n=8/25, and Ps. Aeruginosa n= 5/16, and S. aureus 13/1. Nevertheless, in post vaccination phase, (n= 91) gender-specific co-infections were examined for potential differences in susceptibility. Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) dominated both genders followed by E. coli in males and females with the latter gender showing higher rates of isolations in both species. Klebsiella pneumoniae declined to third place mostly in male patients. The drastic decline in K. pneumoniae and Gram-negatives post-vaccination strongly imply a potential co-protection in vaccines. Future analysis would gain more insights into molecular mimicry.
Enhancement of Lycopene Synthesis by Brassica trispora by Low Frequency Alternating Magnetic Field
Authors: Hong Wang , Jiayang Hou , Dongxu Wang , Maohua Yang , Liu Jinlong
Published: December 2023

In recent years, magnetic fields have emerged as a non-thermophysical treatment with a signifi-cant impact on microbial fermentation processes. Brassica trispora is a microorganism known for its indus-trial-scale production of lycopene and high yield of single cells. This study aimed to in-vestigate the impact of low frequency magnetic fields on lycopene synthesis by Brassica trispora and elucidate the underlying mechanism for enhancing lycopene yield. The results indicated that both the intensity and duration of the magnetic field treatment influenced the cell. Exposing the cell to a 0.5 mT magnetic field for 48 hours on the second day of fermentation resulted in a lyco-pene yield of 1473.16 mg/L, representing a re-markable increase of 216.1% compared to the con-trol group. Transcriptome analysis revealed that al-ternating magnetic field significantly up-regulated genes related to ROS and cell membrane structure, leading to a substantial increase in lycopene production. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the magnetic field treatment resulted in rough, loose, wrinkled surface morphology of the mycelium, along with a few mi-cropores, thereby altering the cell membrane permeability to some extent. Moreover, there was a significant increase in intracellular ROS content, cell membrane permeability, key enzyme activi-ty involved in lycopene metabolism, and ROS-related enzyme activity. In conclusion, the alter-nating fre-quency magnetic field can activate a self-protective mechanism that enhances lyco-pene synthesis by modulating intracellular ROS content and cell membrane structure. These find-ings not only deepen our understanding of the impact of magnetic fields on microbial growth and metabolism but also provide valuable insights for developing innovative approaches to en-hance carotenoid fermentation.
Novichok Nerve Agents as Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase – In Silico Study of Their Non-covalent Binding Affinity
Authors: Madaj Rafał , Gostyński Bartłomiej , Chworoś Arkadiusz , Cypryk Marek
Published: December 2023

The in silico studies were performed in order to assess the binding affinity of selected organophosphorus compounds towards the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE). Quantum mechanical calculations, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) with molecular mechanics Generalized-Born surface area (MM/GBSA) were applied to assess quantitatively differences between the binding energies of acetylcholine (ACh; the natural agonist of AChE) and neurotoxic, synthetic correlatives (so-called “Novichoks”, and selected compounds from the G- and V-series). Several additional quantitative descriptors like root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) and the solvent accessible surface area (SASA) were briefly discussed to give – to the best of our knowledge – the first quantitative in silico description of AChE – Novichok non-covalent binding process and thus facilitate the search for an efficient and effective treatment for Novichok intoxication and in a broader sense - intoxication with other warfare nerve agents as well.
Evaluation of an Adaptive Soil Moisture Bias Correction Approach in the ECMWF Land Data Assimilation System
Authors: Fairbairn David , De Rosnay Patricia , Weston Peter
Published: December 2023

Satellite-derived soil moisture observations typically rely on bias-correction (BC) prior to assimilation in land surface models. Current techniques include rescaling or machine learning approaches to map the observations to the modelled soil moisture climatology. However, these approaches do not allow for non-stationary biases and recalibrations require a long training period, which is not always feasible. In this study we evaluate a two-stage filter to dynamically correct soil moisture biases from satellite-derived active ASCAT C-band and passive L-band SMOS surface soil moisture observations in the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) land data assimilation system. This adaptive soil moisture BC approach is designed to complement the operational seasonal rescaling of the ASCAT observations and the SMOS neural network retrieval used at ECMWF, while allowing the assimilation to correct sub-seasonal scale errors. Over a 3-year test period, the adaptive BC reduces the seasonal-scale first guess-observation departures by 20-30% for ASCAT and SMOS. The adaptive BC leads to (i) slight improvements in soil moisture performance against in situ data; and (ii) moderate but statistically significant reductions in the 1-5 day relative humidity forecast errors in the boundary layer of the northern hemisphere midlatitudes.
Effect of Caffeine Supplementation in Women Volleyball Players on Performance and Wellness during a Regular Training Week
Authors: Siquier-Coll Jesús , Delgado-García Gabriel , Soto-Méndez Fulgencio , Liñán-González Antonio , García Raquel , González-Fernández Francisco Tomás
Published: December 2023

Background: Caffeine is an ergogenic aid that still needs to be investigated in female sports per-formance. Methods: Eight semi-professional female volleyball (Heigth=1.63±0.08 m; Weigth= 66.67 ± 4,.74 kg) players voluntarily participated in this study. A randomised crossover design was carried out. Players went through the caffeine and placebo condition. In the caffeine condi-tion, participants consumed 5 mg/kg of caffeine. The evaluations were performed over two weeks of training. In both conditions, the countermovement jump test, repeated jumps for 15s and hand-grip were performed. Change of direction was assessed using the 505 test. Well-being was also assessed by a wellness questionnaire. A repeated measures Anova and correlation analysis were performed. Results: The repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a main effect of supplementation (F (1.7) = 8.41, p = 0.02, η2 = 0.54) across the training week on physical performance. Besides, there was a positive effect on perceived fatigue (F (1.7) = 7.29, p = 0.03, η2 = 0.51). Conclusions: Caf-feine improved performance and fatigue parameters over one week of training.
Long-Term Functional Limitations on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Emotions-Triggered Takotsubo Syndrome
Authors: Jabbour Jean Pierre , Arcari Luca , Cacciotti Luca , Magrì Damiano , Recchioni Tommaso , Valeri Livia , Maggio Enrico , Vizza Carmine Dario , Badagliacca Roberto , Papa Silvia
Published: December 2023

In patients with prior Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), long lasting functional cardiac limitations were described as compared with normal subjects. Emotions-triggered Takotsubo syndrome (E-TTS) has more favorable outcomes than TTS preceded by a physical trigger or by no identifiable fac-tors. The aim of the present study was to assess long-term cardiac functional limitations in a co-hort of asymptomatic E-TTS patients. We enrolled n=39 asymptomatic patients with a diagnosis of E-TTS. Cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) were performed at 30 [12-40] months median fol-low-up from the acute event. A cohort of n=39 individuals matched for age, sex, body mass index and comorbidities served as control. Despite recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction, patients with prior E-TTS had lower peak VO2 and percentage of predicted peak VO2 (17.8 ± 3.6 vs 22.5 ± 6.5; P < 0.001 and 75.2 ± 14.1 % vs 100.6 ± 17.1%, P <0.001), VO2 at anaerobic threshold (AT) (11.1 [10.1-12.9] vs 14.4 [12.5-18.7]; P <0.001), peak O2 pulse (9.7 ± 2.5 vs 13.1 ± 3.5; P <0.001) and higher VE/VCO2 slope (30.4 ± 3.7 vs 27.2 ± 3.5; P <0.001) compared with matched controls. We found no statistically significant differences in heart rate reserve (HRR), respiratory equivalent ratio (RER), mean blood pressure and peak PetCO2 between patients and controls. Despite its favorable out-come, patients with E-TTS in our population were found to have subclinical long-term functional cardiac limitations as compared with a control cohort.
Effects of Probiotic Lactoplantibacillus plantarum on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Function, and Cecal Microbiota in Broiler Chicken
Authors: Yang Caimei , Wang Shuting , Li Qing , Zhang Ruiqiang , Xu Yinglei , Feng Jie
Published: December 2023

This research is aimed to investigate the effects of Lactoplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) on growth performance, oxidation resistance, immunity, as well as cecal microbiota in broilers. This work classed three hundred and sixty 1-day-old broilers as three groups randomly, including control (CON, basal diet), antibiotic (ANT, 75 mg kg-1 chlortetracycline added into basal diet), or probiotic group (LP, 5×108 CFU kg-1 Lactoplantibacillus plantarum HJLP-1 contained within basal diet). Animal were then fed for 42 days, and each group consisted of 15 broilers for 8 replicates. Compared with CON, L. plantarum supplementation significantly improved the average weight daily gain (AWDG) (P < 0.05) while reducing feed-to-gain ratio over the entire supplemental period (P < 0.05). Birds fed L. plantarum had marked lower serum ammonia and xanthine oxidase levels (P < 0.05) than those in ANT and CON. Significant improvements (P < 0.05) of superoxide dismutase, catalase, serum IgM and IgY contents in broilers fed L. plantarum were also observed when compared those in CON and ANT groups. Both L. plantarum and antibiotics decreased the pro-inflammatory factor IL-1β level significantly (P < 0.05), while only L. plantarum promoted the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 level dramatically in the serum (P < 0.05) compared with CON. The L. plantarum dramatically (P < 0.05) increased acetic acid and butyric acid concentrations in the cecal contents，when compared to those in CON and ANT. Among the differences revealed by 16S rRNA analysis, L. plantarum markedly improved the community richness of cecal microbiota. At the genus level, butyric acid-producing bacteria Ruminococcus and Lachnospiraceae were found in higher relative abundance in samples of L. plantarum treated birds. In conclusion, dietary L. plantarum supplementation promoted the growth and health of broilers, likely by inducing a shift in broiler gut microbiota toward short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria. Therefore, L. plantarum has tremendous potential as an alternative for antibiotics in poultry breeding.
Sustainable Space Tourism: What Can We do in Education from Economic and Environmental Perspectives?
Authors: Wu Yize , Peng Kang-Lin , Yao Yijing , Guo Yanping
Published: December 2023

Space tourism began in 2001 and became popular in 2021 because of commercial operations. With the development of space technology and commercialization, like re-launchable rockets to travel to space in recent years, it has gradually entered the era of space. However, the space industry causes massive emissions, inducing some opposition to its development. It is essential to investigate the attitude of residents toward space tourism and balance the pros and cons of sustainability. Quantitative analysis was adapted to test two models based on duality theory. The data were obtained from 284 samples from various regions of China and analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that the two-factor model of economic development conflicted with environmental protection. However, study two indicates that educational interventions can facilitate sustainable space tourism because they mediate the relationship between economic and environmental factors.
Ventilation Management in a Patient with Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch in the Early Phase of Lung Injury and During the Recovery
Authors: Cicvaric Ana , Glavas Tahtler Josipa , Turk Tajana , Škrinjarić Cincar Sanda , Koulenti Despoina , Neskovic Nenad , Edl Mia , Kvolik Slavica
Published: December 2023

Chest trauma is one of the most serious and difficult injuries, with various complications that can lead to ventilation - perfusion (V/Q) mismatch and systemic hypoxia. We are presenting a case of 53 – year - old male with no comorbidities or chronic therapy, who was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit due to severe respiratory failure after chest trauma. He developed right - sided pneumothorax and then thoracic drain was placed. On admission, the patient was hemodynamically unstable and tachypneic. The patient was intubated and mechanically ventilated, febrile (38.9°C) and unconscious. A lung CT showed massive non-ventilated areas predominantly in the right lung. He was ventilated with PEEP of 10 cmH2O with a FiO2 of 0.6 – 0.8. Empirical broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy was immediately initiated. Both high FiO2 and moderate PEEP were maintained and adjusted according to the current blood gas values and oxygen saturation. After Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was identified and treated with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim his general condition gradually improved, and he was weaned from mechanical ventilation. In conclusion, both ventilatory and antibiotic therapy were needed to improve oxygenation and outcome of the patient with pneumonia due to the resistant S. maltophilia with V/Q mismatch.
The Spatio-Temporal Variation of Vegetation and Its Driving Factors During the Recent 20 Years in Beijing
Authors: Chen Siya , Ji Luyan , Li Kexin , Zhang Peng , Tang Hairong
Published: December 2023

As the most important city in China, Beijing has experienced an economic soar, large-scale population growth and eco-environment changes in recent 20 years.Evaluating climate and human-induced vegetation changes could reveal the relationship of vegetation-climate-human activities and provide important insights for the coordination of economic growth and environmental protection. Based on a long-term MODIS vegetation index dataset, meteorological data (temperature, precipitation) and impervious surface data, the Theil-Sen regression and the Mann-Kendall method are used to estimate vegetation change trend in this study and the residual analysis is utilized to distinguish the impacts of climate factors and human activities on vegetation restoration and degradation from 2000 to 2019 in Beijing. Our results show that the increasing vegetation areas account for 80.2\% of Beijing. The restoration of vegetation is concentrated in the urban core area and mountainous area, while the degradation of vegetation is mainly concentrated in the suburbs. In recent years, the vegetation in most mountainous areas has changed from restoration to significant restoration, indicating that the growth of mountain vegetation has continued to restore. We also found that in the process of urban expansion, vegetation browning occurred in 53.1\% of the urban built-up area, while vegetation greening occurred in the rest part. We concluded that precipitation is the main climatic factor affecting the growth of vegetation in Beijing mountain areas through correlation analysis. Human activities have significantly promoted the vegetation growing in the northern mountainous area thanks to the establishment of environmental protection areas. The negative correlation between vegetation and the impervious surface tends to gradually expand outwards, which is consistent with the trend of urban expansion.
The positive correlation region remains stable, but the positive correlation is gradually enhanced.
The response of vegetation to urbanization demonstrated a high degree of spatial heterogeneity.
These findings indicated that human activities played an increasingly important role in influencing vegetation changes in Beijing.
Carta del Editor
Authors: Islas Salinas Patricia
Published: December 2023

La evolución de las sociedades es un proceso de cambio paulatino, sin embargo, cuando ocurren fenómenos inesperados esta da un salto. En los últimos tiempos, la humanidad ha sufrido diversos eventos que han generado en los individuos un rápido y constante aprendizaje para solventar los retos impuestos por la misma naturaleza; uno de estos fue la pandemia ocasionada por la COVID-19, la cual estrujó al globo en su conjunto obligando a las familias a buscar la resolución de problemas, siendo uno de los principales el afrontamiento del uso de las nuevas tecnologías y las clases virtuales.