bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of saffron serum on collagen density, inflammatory gene expression, and autophagy in UVB-exposed Wistar rats
Authors: Octavia Chitra , Gunadi Julia Windi , Adhika Oeij Anindita , Ishak Lani , Jasaputra Diana Krisanti , Rosali Alexandrina Everdine , Sanjaya Ardo
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSkin aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Photoaging can be prevented by applying phytochemicals that have sun-protective properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of saffron serum to restore collagen density and autophagy processes and reduce inflammatory gene expression in UVB-exposed Wistar rats.
MethodsAn experimental laboratory study was conducted involving 20 male Wistar rats that were divided into 4 groups: control, UVB, UVB + base serum, UVB + saffron serum exposed to UVB radiation for 5 weeks with a total dose of 3100 mJ/cm2. The skin was extracted then underwent Masson Trichrome staining and real-time PCR to obtain collagen density and gene expression.
ResultsThe gene expression of MMP1, IL6, TNFá, LC3, and p62 was significantly increased in the UVB group compared to the control group. Topical administration of saffron serum significantly increased collagen density (p=0.001). Induction by UVB significantly increased LC3 (p=0.020) and p62 (p=0.030) gene expression, indicating an inhibition of autophagy. The saffron serum might modulate autophagy by increasing LC3, but not significant (p=0.495) and significantly decreasing p62 gene expression (p=0.001). As for MMP1, IL6, and TNFá, no significant decrease in gene expression was found in the UVB + saffron serum group compared to the UVB group.
ConclusionSaffron serum increases collagen density and modulates autophagy in the skin of UVB-exposed Wistar rats. Inflammatory markers were increased after UVB induction, but no differences were found after saffron serum topical administration.
Analysis of the relationship between the serum lipopolysaccharide level and other inflammation markers, clinical and functional characteristics of patients with COPD without exacerbation
Authors: Smirnova M. I. , Antipushina D. N. , Kurekhyan A. S. , Gumanova N. G. , Koshelyaevskaya Ya. N. , Metelskaya V. A. , Bogdanova N. L. , Pokrovskaya M. S. , Litinskaya O. A. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Drapkina O. M. , Makarov V. V. , Yudin S. M.
Published: December 2024

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram-negative bacteria is considered a pathogenetic factor of many diseases. It is also known to include exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but this effect has been little studied in stable COPD.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between serum LPS levels and inflammatory markers, clinical and functional characteristics of COPD without exacerbation.

Methods. The pilot study included 29 patients with COPD who did not have any exacerbations requiring antibacterial therapy or systemic steroids for 3 or more months and 27 patients without respiratory diseases, matched by age and gender (63.9 ± 6.3 years, 69% men). All patient data were taken from the database of National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. The differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05; and a trend (change of variables in one direction requiring further investigation) at p ≥ 0.05 – 0.075.

Results. The COPD group showed a tendency towards a lower LPS level (p = 0.062). The levels of TMAO and CRP were significantly lower in the control group (p < 0.05), and the fibrinogen and leukocyte levels did not differ. In the COPD group, a direct correlation was found between the LPS level and quality of life according to the CAT (COPD Assessment Test™) (r = 0.43; p = 0.019), an inverse correlation with the spirometry parameters (p < 0.05), and a trend towards an association between LPS and age (r = –0.34; p = 0.075), body mass index (r = 0.34; p = 0.072), waist circumference (r = 0.35; p = 0.064), and smoking status (r = 0.35; p = 0.061). No such relationships were seen in the control group. No relationship with exacerbations of COPD was found during the prospective follow-up (12 months).

Conclusion. The level of LPS tends to differ between patients with stable COPD and patients without COPD, and correlates with severity of symptoms and lung function impairment in COPD patients. Further larger studies in this area are advisable.
Clinical features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV infection
Authors: Tlais H. , Anaev E. Kh. , Kniajeskaia N. P. , Shchelykalina S. P. , Belevskiy A. S.
Published: December 2024

Aim. To conduct a comparative assessment of clinical, functional and laboratory parameters in patients with COPD and pulmonary tuberculosis with and without HIV infection.

Methods. 160 patients with COPD and pulmonary tuberculosis were examined, including 80 with HIV infection and 80 without HIV infection. The patients were hospitalized in the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “City Anti-Tuberculosis Dispensary” (Saint Petersburg). The clinical symptoms (shortness of breath according to the mMRC, CAT), laboratory parameters, the viral load (the number of virus copies and CD4 cells in 1 ml of blood and as a percentage of lymphocytes) and the lung function were assessed.

Results. All examined patients had severe COPD with 2 or more exacerbations per year. More than 90% of the patients were current or former smokers. The HIV-positive patients with COPD and tuberculosis were younger than the HIV-negative (the mean age was 44 (41; 48) years versus 53 (45; 63) years, p < 0.001). The body mass index in the HIV-negative patients was higher than in the HIV-positive (22.15 (19.85; 25.13) kg/m2 vs 21.2 (19.3; 22.95) kg/m2, p = 0.050). The HIV-positive patients with low viral load (40 copies/ml and below) statistically significantly differed from the HIV-positive patients with high viral load (above 40 copies/ml) in the CD4 cell count (p < 0.001). Both the “younger” (aged 50 years or less) and “older” (aged over 50 years) HIV-positive patients with COPD and tuberculosis had more severe dyspnea compared to the HIV-negative patients (p < 0.001). COPD symptoms according to the CAT test were more severe in both “younger” and “older” HIV-positive patients (p < 0.001), and the score was higher in the HIV-positive patients compared to the HIV-negative patients (p < 0.05). The severity of COPD according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria was significantly higher in both “younger” and “older” HIV-positive patients compared to the HIVnegative patients (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. Patients with COPD, tuberculosis, and HIV infection have decreased body weight, more pronounced dyspnea and symptoms of COPD and obstructive pulmonary ventilation disorders compared to the patients without HIV infection.
Phagocytic activity of leukocytes in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Kostinov M. P. , Gainitdinova V. V. , Osiptsov V. V. , Bisheva I. V. , Skhodova S. A. , Khromova E. A. , Baranova I. A. , Kryukova N. O. , Sokolova E. S. , Chuchalin A. G.
Published: December 2024

The initial efforts to describe the inflammatory mechanisms associated with SARS-CoV-2 have revealed upregulation of circulating proinflammatory cytokines as well as activation of innate immune cells.

The aim of the study was to investigate the phagocytic activity of leukocytes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019).

Methods. The phagocytic activity of leukocytes was studied in admitted patients with COVID-associated lung disease (n = 105). The mean age of the studied patients was 43.5 (37; 51) years; 69 for men, and 36 for women; the mean duration of the disease before hospitalization was 6 (4; 8) days. Using cluster analysis, two groups of patients (clusters) were formed according to the severity of COVID-19: Group 1 with the moderate course (n = 34) and Group 2 with the mild course (n = 71). Flow cytofluorimetry with determination of neutrophil (NI) and monocyte index (MI) was used to determine the phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes in the peripheral blood.

Results. The median NI in the studied patients was 97.9% (96.3; 99); the mean median MI was 91.2% (84.6; 95). The correlation analysis revealed statistically significant direct correlation of MI with SpO2 level (r = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.005 – 0.39; p = 0.04); inverse correlation of MI with CRP level (r = –0.31; 95% CI: –0.11 to –0.48; p = 0.003) and degree of lung damage by CT (r = –0.2; 95% CI: –0.11 to –0.48); p = 0.05). MI in the group with moderate course was statistically significantly lower than in the group with mild course of COVID-19 (86.7 (81.4; 91.7) and 92.6 (86.5; 95.4), p = 0.01). The blood MI of the initially more severe patients statistically significantly increased.

Conclusion. Complicated forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection lead to a decrease in phagocytic activity of the monocytic-macrophage link of innate immunity. The degree of decrease in monocyte phagocytic activity is directly related to the severity of COVID-19, and the MI is comparable in the patients with severe and mild course after 30 days of treatment.
Therapeutic effect of CFTR modulators in cystic fibrosis patients with the 2789+5G>A splice variant in the genotype
Authors: Krasnova M. G. , Efremova A. S. , Melyanovskaya Yu. L. , Krasovskiy S. A. , Mokrousova D. O. , Bukharova T. B. , Bulatenko N. V. , Kondratyeva E. I. , Goldshtein D. V.
Published: December 2024

About 13% of all variants causing cystic fibrosis are splice variants of the CFTR gene; at the moment, such variants are not well studied.

The aim was to investigate the effect of the splicing variant 2789+5G>A on the phenotypic manifestations of cystic fibrosis and the effectiveness of targeted therapy in an intestinal organoids model in the patients with genotypes 2789+5G>A/L732X and 2789+5G>A/CFTRdele2,3.

Methods. The medical history data, intestinal current measurement (ICM), and forskolin-induced swelling assay in the intestinal organoids were used.

Results. The clinical features of the course of CF in 2 patients, carriers of the 2789+5G>A variant in a heterozygous state with genetic variants of the CFTR gene of classes I and VII, are presented. Clinical picture: the disease is of moderate severity; the pancreas is sufficient. The ICM method demonstrated the preservation of the chloride channel function. Assays on the cultured organoids obtained from the intestinal tissue showed moderate residual functional activity of the chloride channels. In addition, the 2789+5G>A variant is sensitive to all tested CFTR modulators.

Conclusions. The splicing variant 2789+5G>A is characterized by moderate residual functional activity of the CFTR channel and is sensitive to all targeted treatments. However, the most effective CFTR modulator for this genetic variant is tezacaftor.
Biomarkers and genetic predictors of hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: Trushenko N. V. , Nikolenko A. M. , Suvorova O. A. , Avdeev S. N.
Published: December 2024

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inflammatory immune-mediated interstitial lung disease that develops in response to repeated inhalation exposures to various low molecular weight compounds in susceptible individuals. The current guidelines distinguish non-fibrotic and fibrotic phenotypes of HP, with fibrotic HP associated with progression and worse prognosis. The differential diagnosis of HP can be complex and requires careful historytaking, multidisciplinary discussion of clinical and radiological findings, evaluation of lymphocytosis in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and histopathological examination. Differentiating HP from other interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), including fibrotic HP from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), can be difficult, as the clinical, radiological, and histopathological features of HP are highly variable and similar to those of other ILDs.

The aim of this review is to systematize the available evidence on predictors of HP for the use in diagnosis.

Conclusion. Making the diagnosis is crucial for selecting treatment strategies and prognosis. Indicators such as genetic predictors, serum biomarkers, and BAL can be used to diagnose HP, predict its development and course. Several biomarkers, such as BAL lymphocytosis and specific IgG – precipitating antibodies, are already widely used in clinical practice. Other indicators are still under investigation and may be implemented in the routine patient evaluation in the future.
Anti-IL5R and anti-IL4Rα strategy in patients with severe allergic asthma: clinical observations
Authors: Naumova V. V. , Zykov K. A. , Beltyukov Е. К. , Esaulova N. A. , Bykova G. A. , Lepeshkova T. S. , Shtanova A. A.
Published: December 2024

With the narrow action of immunobiological drugs, it is necessary to understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of severe asthma (SA) in a particular patient.

The aim of the work was to demonstrate the importance of determining the endotype and phenotype of SA to select a targeted drug using the example of cases of anti-IL5R treatment failure in patients with allergic SA (ASA). Patients (n = 2) with ASA onset in childhood, identified causative allergens, and high eosinophilia before the start of targeted therapy are presented. The use of the anti-IL5 drug benralizumab in such cases is permitted by the Guidelines for Biological Therapy (The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology – EAACI, 2020), but the therapy was ineffective. The patients were switched to the anti-IL4R drug dupilumab, which indirectly blocks IgE production, with a positive outcome.

Conclusion. The considered cases of ASA demonstrate the necessity of determining the endotype and phenotype of SA to select the targeted drug. The inefficiency of the anti-IL5R drug in patients with ASA is shown, despite the pronounced initial blood eosinophilia. In case of Th2-mediated eosinophilia in ASA, preference should be given to anti-IgE or anti-IL4R drugs.
Effect of Risk Management Practices on Production of Seaweed Farming: Evidence from Takalar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Fariyanti Anna , Utami Anisa Dwi , Yanamisra Alfira , Miranda Vanesha , Muflikh Yanti Nuraeni , Yanuar Rahmat , Suprehatin Suprehatin
Published: December 2024

Despite the potential to grow and earn more profit through export, the seaweed sector is dealing with several difficulties, including challenges in the production faced by smallholder farmers. Farmers have managed their seaweed farming by implementing several risk management practices. This study examined the effect of farmers’ risk management practices on seaweed production and the determinants of seaweed production risk management practices. This study utilized data from a survey of 100 farmers in Takalar Regency, a key seaweed production area in Indonesia, along with insights from a focus group discussion (FGD) with seaweed experts. A Cobb-Douglas production function and logistic regression were employed. The findings unveiled that seaweed farmers’ risk management practices had positively boosted their seaweed production. The findings also highlighted that such factors as education level, farming experience, farm size, and weather risk influenced the farmers’ practices of dealing with the production risk. Understanding the effect of risk management practices on farm production and the determinants of production risk management practices could assist policymakers in designing effective policies and farmers in being more innovative in their coping strategies to mitigate production risk, leading to improved productivity and income. The prioritized risk management practices for seaweed production focused on diversifying planting locations and harvesting under hot temperatures to mitigate production risks. In contrast, practices such as changing seeds, relocating, and adjusting cultivation methods were also crucial but less widely applied.
Risk factors for multiple pregnancies in intrauterine insemination cycles with ovarian stimulation: a predictive approach
Authors: Gogineni Kavitha , Donthu Kiranmai , Y. Himabindu
Published: December 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to predict the risk of multiple pregnancies during ovarian stimulation (OS) followed by intrauterine insemination (IUI) as a treatment for infertility and to identify risk factors associated with multiple pregnancies in IUI cycles.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 358 couples who underwent OS with IUI between January 2022 and July 2023. Data on maternal and paternal age, type of infertility, gonadotropin dosing, follicular size, and total motile sperm concentration (TMSC) were collected. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy, defined as the presence of a gestational sac on transvaginal ultrasound (TVS). Descriptive and regression analyses were performed to examine the relationship between these variables and the incidence of multiple pregnancies.
Results: A total of 358 IUI cycles resulted in 57 clinical pregnancies, yielding a pregnancy rate of 15.9%. Among these, 87.7% were singleton pregnancies, and 12.3% were multiple pregnancies. No significant association was found between maternal age, paternal age, or type of infertility and multiple pregnancy outcomes. However, regression analysis revealed that the presence of follicles between 13-15 mm, in combination with larger follicles (>15 mm), significantly increased the likelihood of multiple pregnancies (p=0.007). Additionally, a significant relationship was found between gonadotropin dosing and multiple pregnancy rate (p<0.05), whereas TMSC did not significantly correlate with multiple pregnancy outcomes (p=0.57).
Conclusions: The risk of multiple pregnancies in IUI cycles is significantly associated with follicle size, particularly the presence of follicles in the 13-15 mm range, and higher gonadotropin dosing. While TMSC did not affect multiple pregnancy rates, careful monitoring of ovarian response, especially follicle size, is crucial for minimizing the risk of multiple pregnancies and optimizing clinical outcomes in controlled OS (COS)-IUI cycles.
Management of insomnia in India: expert consensus insights with a focus on zolpidem
Authors: Anjanappa Jagadish , Mehta Ketan
Published: December 2024

Insomnia is a global health concern affecting 10%-30% of the population. In India, the prevalence of insomnia among adults is 33%, with older adults being notably affected - urbanization, lifestyle changes, and increasing stress levels are factors that lead to insomnia. Despite its widespread impact, few people affected by insomnia seek treatment due to societal stigma and sparse data on the disorder. Benzodiazepines (BDZs), particularly alprazolam, which were once favored for insomnia treatment, are no longer recommended due to side effects, including addiction and dependence risks. Zolpidem, a selective agonist of BDZ (ω) receptors containing α-1 subunits, has emerged as a viable alternative, often used in conjunction with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Currently, zolpidem is the preferred first-line pharmacotherapy for the treatment of insomnia as it does not alter sleep architecture, prevents daytime sleepiness, has a non-addictive nature, and its abrupt discontinuation does not induce dependence, withdrawal symptoms, or trigger rebound insomnia. This expert opinion manuscript aims to elucidate the treatment landscape for insomnia in India, with a focus on the use of zolpidem. Insights were derived from advisory board meetings involving 33 Indian physicians from diverse specialties. Discussions centered on the current status of insomnia in India, clinical experiences with zolpidem, and emerging pharmacotherapeutic options. In conclusion, valuable insights into the management of insomnia and related disorders, with a focus on pharmacotherapy using zolpidem, were gained. Zolpidem provides effective treatment when compared with BDZs and other drugs. However, it must be prescribed judiciously based on patient-specific factors.
Deep learning models for tumor detection and segmentation in medical image analysis: A comprehensive review of ResNet, U-Net, DETR, and inception variants
Authors: Khan Naseebia , Das Abhinaba
Published: December 2024

This survey paper delves into the realm of tumor detection and segmentation using deep learning models, focusing on the comparative performance of ResNet, U-Net, DETR, and Inception variants. Medical image analysis plays a pivotal role in clinical diagnosis, yet challenges in accuracy, efficiency, and consistency persist. Deep learning offers a solution by automating feature extraction and detection, thus improving diagnostic efficacy. ResNet harnesses its depth for intricate pattern recognition, while U-Net excels in segmenting small structures. DETR introduces transformer-based object detection, and Inception models balance accuracy and efficiency. Each model showcases unique advantages, alongside trade-offs in complexity and efficiency. The impact of these models on clinical practice and research is substantial. Their integration enhances patient care through early detection, personalized treatment plans, and precise localization. Researchers benefit from accelerated analysis of extensive datasets, yielding insights for tailored therapies. These models streamline clinical workflows, reducing the workload on medical professionals and enhancing patient outcomes. As deep learning continues to evolve, collaboration among healthcare experts, researchers, and data scientists remains pivotal. Ethical considerations, including data privacy and model transparency, are integral to responsible adoption. The path ahead is one of promise, where innovation, collaboration, and ethical considerations converge to drive the transformative potential of deep learning in tumor analysis.
Peripheral hemophagocytosis- A key to decifer hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, an extremely rare case report
Authors: Raj Swati
Published: December 2024

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(HLH) is an uncommon and probably underdiagnosed disorder that requires quick medical attention because of its high and rapid mortality rate. The present criteria are the only ones used to diagnose HLH. For a laboratory diagnosis of HLH-2007(an upgraded version of HLH-2004), five of the eight requirements must be satisfied. We report an exceedingly rare case of a thirty-year-old Indian man who has been clinically presenting with a high-grade fever, weakness, oligouria, and speech slurring for 20 days. While screening peripheral blood smear(PBS) in order to correct complete blood counts, peripheral circulating hemophagocytic histiocytes were identified and further testing was advised as suspicion of HLH was taken into account. Our case fulfilled the WHO 2009 diagnostic criteria of HLH, hence a diagnosis of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis was awarded. To the best of our knowledge, no HLH case has ever been recorded in India based on suspicion raised by PBS findings. Globally, only six similar cases of HLH with peripheral findings have been posted online.
Schwannoma penis- A case report
Authors: Fatima Sohaila , Madoori Prashanth Kumar
Published: December 2024

Mesenchymal tumors are extremely uncommon in penis. Schwannomas or neurilemmomas are a class of nerve sheath tumors made up of differentiated neoplastic Schwann cells. The majority of benign and malignant penile mesenchymal tumors present as asymptomatic, non-tender lump. We present a young male with slow growing mass on penile shaft affecting penile curvature which was resected and histologically diagnosed as schwannoma. There is no recurrence on a follow-up of 6 months.
La integración económica centroamericana: retomando el dinamismo negociador
Authors: Cornick Jorge
Published: December 2024

El objetivo principal de este informe es evaluar el desempeño económico reciente y los avances del proceso de integración de Centroamérica en el último trienio (2021-2023), incluyendo, asimismo, los principales desarrollos observados en el primer semestre de 2024.
El documento se enfoca en los tres años posteriores a la crisis del COVID 19, durante los cuales la economía de la región experimentó primero una veloz recuperación y luego el retorno a un sendero de relativo lento crecimiento económico.
Norwid translation of a letter by Pius IX, the mystery of the poet’s gift to the pope and the fortress of Bomarsund
Authors: Zieliński Jan
Published: December 2024

The article discusses a previously unknown first publication of Pope Pius IX’s letter to Norwid in a local weekly Tygodnik Katolicki in Grodzisk Wielkopolski near Poznań on 21 June 1861. The author proves that both the Polish translation of this Latin letter and an introductory note were written by Norwid himself. The author also identifies Norwid’s two gifts to the pope as a 1683 Austrian medal of Our Lady of Mariazell (by Paul Seel) and a French medal commemorating the siege of Sevastopol (1855, a work by Louis Desaide and Pierre Roquelay). In the final part of the article the latter is contrasted with the Latin ode written by Mickiewicz on the occasion of the capture of Bomarsund, interpreted as signs of two contrary historiosophical visions: that of Poland versus the Ottoman Empire in the defence of Christianity in 1683 and that of France allied with the Ottoman Empire against Russia during the Crimean War (1853-56).
FAMILY CHALLENGES AND COPING MECHANISMS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: WESTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Kader Zainab , Benjamin Fatiema , Manuel Donnay , Mpilo Mulalo , Titus Simone , Roman Nicolette
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the health and well-being of families in South Africa, amplifying family challenges and requiring modifications to their coping mechanisms. While the pandemic has been successfully managed in South Africa, some challenges, such as those related to poverty, loss of income, and economic uncertainty, have been exacerbated. This study, which used an exploratory qualitative research design, sought to offer insight into the coping mechanisms of South African families used to deal with family challenges during the pandemic. Through purposive and snowball sampling, 31 participants were recruited; the majority were living in a nuclear family, but some had other arrangements. The participants were from six municipal districts in the Western Cape Province. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings of this study demonstrate that the coping mechanisms families used during the COVID-19 pandemic were largely drawn from internal resources.
CARE-LEAVERS’ EXPERIENCES OF HOW MANAGED OPPORTUNITIES FOR INDEPENDENCE CONTRIBUTED TO BUILDING RESILIENCE
Authors: Hlungwani Joyce , Van Breda Adrian D.
Published: December 2024

Care-leaving literature widely utilizes resilience theory. This is due to an acknowledgment that while young people who grew up in care frequently achieve poorer outcomes during their transition from care to independent adulthood, some do well despite their challenges. Resilience research is also increasingly interested in the factors that promote resilient functioning during the transition out of care. However, research on how to build young people’s resilience while in care is limited. This paper introduces the notion of “managed opportunities for independence” (MOI), which are guided activities for young people that involve them acting independently. We explore the contribution of MOI in building the resilience of young people in care. Nine care-leavers who had disengaged from various residential care centers in South Africa were purposively sampled. The study employed a qualitative approach and a grounded theory design, with semi-structured individual interviews. Findings depict the range of MOI that care-leavers experienced, the ways in which these benefited them since leaving care, the kinds of independence they currently display as a result, and their suggestions for improving MOI. Implications for practice include proceduralizing MOI and making greater use of such opportunities to prepare young people for leaving care.
The Methodological Approach to Understanding and Regulation of Sustainable Nature Management
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Land Law and State Registration of Real Estate of the Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography, Brinchuk Mikhail M.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the issues of methodology in relation to the understanding of rational use of natural resources
and their use in the legal regulation of the use of land and other natural resources.
Use of Modern Technologies in Environment Protection: Some Legal Regulation Issues
Authors:   Senior Research Scientist of the Department of Environmental, Land and Agrarian Law of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Svetskiy Arseny V.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the current directions of application of various modern technologies in the field of environmental
protection and issues of legal regulation of such technologies by the legislator. Due to the significant negative impact
of economic activity of a number of industries on the environment, the task of developing legal regulation of new relations
arising in the process of introducing modern technologies is revealed, to ensure the active creation and introduction
of new technologies that help minimize environmental harm.
Good Faith and Reasonableness in the Mechanism of Subsidiary Liability of Controllers
Authors:   Consultant of the Department of Statutory Regulation and Legal Protection of the State Repository for Precious Metals of Russia, Petukhov Sergey V.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to identify the content and role of good faith and reasonableness in the mechanism
of subsidiary liability of controlling persons. The author defines the mechanism for assessing violations of the
principle of good faith in the relationship of obligations as a ʻsubstituteʼ element of the composition of a civil
offense. As a result, the need to distinguish between good faith and reasonableness for the purpose of bringing
controlling persons to subsidiary responsibility is justified.
The Right to Voluntary Settlement in Enforcement Proceedings
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Civil Procedure of the Saratov State Law Academy, Klimova Svetlana N.
Published: December 2024

This article is devoted to the issue of concluding an amicable agreement in enforcement proceedings.
The terms and conditions of the amicable agreement, subject to which it is approved by the court, are considered.
On the basis of an analysis of the norms of law and judicial practice, the author determines the positive and negative
aspects of the realization of the right to voluntary settlement in the execution of court orders.
Deposition of Works and Presumption of Authorship
Authors:   Head of the Department of Intellectual Property, Dean of the A.S. Griboyedov Moscow University, Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, LL.D., Professor, Bliznets Ivan A. , Akhmetov Roman R. ,   Patent Attorney, Executive Partner Akmetov, Khozyaykin and Partners Law Firm, Degree- Seeking Student of the A.S. Griboyedov Moscow University
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the concept of authorship in modern intellectual property law, discusses the issues of
depositing copyright objects for protection purposes. The authors analyze the norms of international law and
judicial practice on the issues of deposition. An attempt was made to evaluate the documents of deposition along
with other evidence in the absence of additional judgments regarding the legal nature of depositing.
Participation of Prosecutors in Administrative and Delictual Disputes Heard by Commercial Courts: On the Practice Established after March 2022
Authors:   Lecturer of the Department of Organization of Judicial, Prosecution and Investigative Activities of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Nazritskaya Tatyana S.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the effectiveness of the prosecutor’s participation in administrative-tort cases in arbitration
courts after the introduction by the state of a number of measures regarding inspections of business entities by
regulatory authorities. Analysis of statistical data, including those related to prosecutorial activities in the field
of protecting the rights of entrepreneurs, comparison of various opinions allowed the author to give his own assessment
of the implementation of the introduced moratorium on inspections, as well as related decisions of the Prosecutor
General’s Office of the Russian Federation in 2022. The work focuses on examples from judicial practice, which made
it possible to clearly demonstrate the importance of initiating participation in arbitration court by prosecutors. Based
on the study, the author came to the conclusion that in the context of the difficult tasks and circumstances facing the
state and the Russian people today, the prosecutor’s office has an important role in protecting the interests of the
entrepreneurial corps and the rights of citizens in various spheres of life, realized through participation in the arbitration
process.
Taxonomy in Finance: The Legal Aspect
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Banking Law, Head of the Center for Legal Regulation in the Sphere of High Technologies of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), PhD (Law), Mikheeva Irina E.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the term “taxonomy”, various views of researchers on the definition of this
concept are considered. The author analyzes the current legislation on the regulation of taxonomy in the financial sector.
It is concluded that the taxonomy of responsible financing should be understood as a classification of requirements for
counterparties of credit institutions, including when investing, lending, based on the principles of sustainable development.
Legal problems are identified, the main advantages of the development of taxonomy in the financial sector are formulated.
Economic Integration of the Russian Federation in the Modern Realities Paradigm
Authors:   Professor of the Department of International and Public Law of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Cherdakov Oleg I. , Rostovshchikov Igor V. ,   Professor of the Department of Theory of Law and State and Legal Disciplines, of the International Law Institute, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Professor
Published: December 2024

The study offers the author’s point of view, revealing the prospect of establishing economic relations with the
countries of the Global South, as well as Latin America and Africa, names the causes and consequences of the exodus
of foreign campaigns operating in the Russian market until 2022, reveals the consequences of this demarche, and assesses
bilateral economic relations between Russia and China.
Screening of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Genotypes against Major Insect Pests in Field Conditions
Authors: Rajak Ravi Kumar , Kumar Pankaj , Devi Ragni , Chaudhary V.P. , Chandra Subhash , Tiwari Brajrajsharan , Anuragi Sivil
Published: December 2024

Background: India’s most important pulse crop is mungbean. Pulses are the primary source of dietary protein; consequently, they can provide the protein recommended dietary intake for the vegetarian population of India. More than 200 insect pests are known to affect pulse crops. Methods: A total of 50 mungbean germplasms were sown in two rows of 2 m in length to screen for major insect pests under field conditions from the last week of June to mid-September of 2022 and 2023 at the Genetics Plant Breeding (G.P.B.) Farm, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture andTechnology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (UP). All appropriate agronomical practices were followed when growing the crop. Results: Four major insect pests viz., whitefly, jassid, thrips and pod borer damage were found during the field screening of 50 mungbean germplasm. The whitefly population was minimum in MI 98-64 (3.0 whitefly/cage) followed by JLPM 702-1 (3.1 whitefly/cage). The maximum whitefly infestation was observed in germplasm BM 4 (5.9 and 4.6 whitefly/cage). Minimum jassid population was observed in KM 2417 and PM 4 (0.6 jassid/cage). Germplasm IPM 1603-7 and PM 1723 were free from thrips. Pod borer damage per cent was minimum in ML 2738 (2.7%) and MI 98-64 (3.6%) when the data from both years were combined.
The Effects of Bisphenol A of Polycarbonate Plastics on Various Blood and Fertility Parameters, along with Histological Changes in Male Albino Rats
Authors: Alyasiri Thura , Hameed Haneen Mushtaq , Hasan Ahmed Flayyih
Published: December 2024

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an essential monomer used in the manufacturing of polymers. They can bind to oestrogen receptors as agonists/antagonists, causing adverse effects on metabolic and endocrine system function. The current study aims to investigate the toxic effects of bisphenol A at various concentrations on male albino rats. Methods: Twenty male albino rats were equally divided into four groups [Gp1, control; Gp2, 25 mg/kg b.wt. of BPA; Gp3, 50 mg/kg b.wt. of BPA; Gp4, 100 mg/kg b.wt. of BPA], all groups were treated orally for 35 days. Result: Through the results, significant (P≤0.01) reductions were observed in the levels of sexual hormones (Testosterone (tt), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing (Hormone (LH) and Estrogen, for all groups dosed with BPA. Our results showed a significant (P≤0.01) decrease in the count of sperm, viability and sperm motility, for all groups dosed with BPA in contrast to the group under control. Bisphenol A at different doses leads to a significant (P≤0.01) increase in liver enzymes (AST and ALT) for all treated groups in contrast to the group under control, with various histological changes in the liver, including multiple severe fibrosis of the portal area and multiple sever portal amyloidosis and congestion with fibro portal extension to neighboring areas.
Aspects of Mindfulness-Based Intervention to Reduce Anxiety in Adults with Autism: A Delphi Study
Authors: Utari Putri Eldatia , Surjaningrum Endang Retno , Kurniawan Afif
Published: December 2024

Anxiety is a common psychological disorder often experienced by adults with autism. Studies suggest a method called Mindfulness to help reduce the disorder. However, experts have not reached an agreement on what aspects of Mindfulness are appropriate for adults with autism. Using the Delphi technique, the current study aims to gather expert consensus on which aspects of Mindfulness can be used to reduce anxiety in adults with autism. Opinions were gathered from a panel of seven Mindfulness experts for adults with autism and from adults with autism who had experience using this method. There were 35 Mindfulness-based intervention items agreed upon that matched the characteristics of adults with autism, but of these, only 28 were appropriate. The items are distributed in several sections: preparation, exercises, concepts, homework, and facilitating autistic characteristics. This consensus was reached through three rounds. Mindfulness can be seen as an alternative method for reducing anxiety levels in adults with autism, especially during social interactions. In addition, it is also possible to apply in a therapeutic setting. However, several factors need to be considered in advance when this intervention is to be implemented in Indonesia.
Psychological traits of League of Legends players who prefer different positions and roles in the game
Authors: Šajinović Nemanja , Bodroža Bojana
Published: December 2024

Understanding the psychological characteristics of video game players provides game designers with greater opportunities to develop personalized gaming experiences. In this light, this study examined the relationships between preferred roles and positions in the video game League of Legends (LoL) and players’ indicated basic personality traits, empathy, and social rank styles. The study involved 3220 LoL players from around the world. Canonical covariance analysis was applied, with the left set of variables comprising preferences for positions and roles in LoL (Top, Mid, Jungle, Bot, Support positions; Tank, Fighter, Assassin, Mage, Marksman, and Support roles), and the right set representing personality traits from the HEXACO model, dimensions of empathy, and social rank styles. Three pairs of significant quasi-canonical functions were extracted. The structure of the first pair of quasi-canonical functions suggests that preferences for the Fighter and Assassin roles and, to a lesser extent, the Jungle position, as well as for avoidance of the Support role, are associated with a lack of affective resonance and honesty/humility and high affective dissonance, emotional stability, ruthless self-promotion, coalition avoidance, and uncooperativeness. The second pair of quasi-canonical functions indicates that preferences for the Jungle and Support positions and the Support role, as well as for avoidance of the Top position, are linked to dominant leadership, coalition building, extraversion, cognitive empathy, and openness to experience. The third pair of quasi-canonical functions implies that preferences for the Mid position and the Mage and Marksman roles are associated with ruthless self-promotion, emotional instability, a lack of honesty/humility, and affective dissonance. The results of this study suggest that personality characteristics are grouped differently in the latent space depending on which style of play individuals prefer, indicating that there are gaming patterns associated with specific psychological personality profiles.
Religious Phenomena in the Digital World: Expressions and Narratives of Moderation on the Website tanwir.ID
Authors: Syariful Afif Achmad , Anni Dhur , Yuchbibun Nury Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Exponential technological developments are driving the transformation of society to the digital world. Data published by domo.com shows 6.3 million searches occur on Google every minute in 2023. Realizing the importance of adaptation in the digital world for da'wah and religious propagation, the Islamic world began to develop various social media channels, applications and websites. Moreover, content and narratives exposed to extreme thinking are also amplified by this technological sophistication, this adds to the urgency of the presence of moderation content as a counter-narrative to this reality. This research takes the tanwir.ID website as the object of research, a website that is quite prominent and managed by Muhammadiyah, which is one of the largest Islamic organizations in Indonesia. The homepage compiled by tanwir.ID consists of Tafsir, Ulumul Qur'an, Insight, Indept and Video. However, in this study the author limits it to posts that discuss moderation in religion and related to it. The analysis technique was carried out by collecting research data through articles written on the tanwir.ID website since its inception, until posts in June 2024. The purposive sampling technique was used to sort out articles relevant to the theme of moderation. This data was then analyzed using narrative analysis techniques to identify the main themes and strategies for conveying ideas. The results of this study show that tanwir.id contributes to narrating moderate attitudes in religion through the articles it publishes through various narrative strategies, such as book reviews, interactive discussions, religious text-based arguments (tafsir), and contextualization of religious texts with current phenomena. Published articles often emphasize the importance of reconciliation (peace) both intra and inter-religious, fair and proportional attitudes, and avoiding extreme, fanatical and exclusive attitudes.
Maqāṣid al-Nabawī: Pendekatan Ilmu Maqāṣid al-Syarī’ah Dalam Kajian Hadis
Authors: Nursyahbani Iqbal , Nurhamdani Ahmad , Husen Fahmi , Anang Firdaus Mohammad
Published: December 2024

One approach that can be used is the study of hadith with the approach of the science of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. 'Abdullah bin Bayyah as one of the scholars who concentrates in the field of maqāṣid certainly has a theory that can be applied, especially his very well-accepted figure in the Eastern and Western worlds. This study aims to describe how the science of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah in the approach of 'Abdullāh bin Bayyah is used to understand the hadith of the Prophet, as well as simple applications that can be carried out. The method used by the researcher is qualitative with the type of library research that makes the book Masyāhid min al-Maqāṣid the main data source, which is then supported by other data sources. The application that the researcher does is on the study of the hadith about seeking treatment with ḥabbat al-saudā'. The research results reveal that after being studied with the maqāṣid approach, the hadith of ḥabbat al-saudā' has the understanding that the main purpose of the hadith is the command to protect oneself or ḥifẓ al-nafs by seeking treatment, and the derivative purpose is that protecting oneself can be done by seeking treatment, resting, eating and drinking nutritious food, exercising, and all things that are in accordance with the needs of each individual for himself. This is because the hadith is general in nature and the Prophet said it based on observations of one of the companions who was sick, then he recommended that medicine.
Exploration the effect of uric acid levels on the formation of high cardiovascular and very high cardiometabolic risks among teachers and doctors of the Volgograd region
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Statsenko M.E. , Derevyanchenko M.V. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Fedotov V.V. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Shaposhnikova M.Y. ,   Volgograd State Medical University
Published: December 2024

To date, the issues of the influence of serum uric acid (UA) levels on cardiovascular risk (CR) on the SCORE-2 scale and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) on the CMDS scale and the selection of targets for UA levels remain open. Materials and methods: A survey of 200 teachers and doctors of the Volgograd region aged 40 to 69 years was carried out. Calculations of the CR and CMR were made. The ROC analysis of the obtained data was carried out. Results: Statistically significant models were identified: at a level of UA equal to or exceeding 300.5 mcmol/l, a high CR on the SCORE-2 scale was predicted, and at a value equal to or exceeding 288.5 mcmol/l, a very high CMR on the CMDS scale. Conclusions: The role of serum UA as an additional calculation factor of the CR and CMR among teachers and doctors of the Volgograd region has been established. The target values of the UA level in the given sample according to the models of the CR and CMR were <300.5 mmol/l and <288.5 mmol/l, respectively.