bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISE EXPERIMENTAL DA SECAGEM DE LEITO DE MINÉRIO DE FERRO COM ESCOAMENTO EXTERNO DE AR
Authors: Silva Artur José Cunha da , Lemos Fontana Arthur dos Reis , Wanzeler Hemerson da Conceição , Louzada Ryan Luiz Rodrigues , Mesquita André Luiz Amarante , Santos Júnior Ronaldo Menezes dos
Published: October 2023

A geração de poeira devido ao transporte e manuseio de minério de ferro é um problema ambiental em destaque atualmente. A redução dos níveis de emissão tem sido foco de muitas empresas do setor mineral, que implementam soluções como a utilização de produtos supressores e enclausuramento de pontos de transferência. A emissão de poeira é potencializada pelas condições atmosféricas locais, que provocam a evaporação da umidade superficial do minério úmido, quebrando as pontes de líquido que mantém as partículas ligadas entre si. Além da perda de massa, o gradiente de umidade entre a superfície ressecada e as camadas inferiores inicia e mantém o transporte de umidade por capilaridade e difusão para evaporação na superfície. Visando estudar a dinâmica de secagem, utilizou-se um túnel de secagem de seção aberta equipado com sistema de pesagem e sensor de umidade capacitivo para replicar três diferentes condições reais de secagem (1,5m/s e 23°C; 3,0m/s e 26°C; 4,5m/s e 29°C) do minério de ferro sínter feed umidificado em 8%. As curvas experimentais foram ajustadas com o modelo de Page e mostraram basicamente dois períodos de secagem, iniciando por um período de taxa constante seguido pelo período de taxa decrescente de secagem até o momento em que a umidade de equilíbrio é atingida. O tempo de secagem para a condição mais amena foi de 90h e o tempo mínimo foi de 30h para as máximas temperatura e velocidade adotadas. As máximas e mínimas taxas de secagem obtidas foram de  2,6g/m^2h e 0,3g/m^2.h.
ENSINO DE ASTRONOMIA PARA ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL NO ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO
Authors: Rio Bárbara Gabriele , Pereira Mírian Rosa
Published: October 2023

Astronomia está presente no dia a dia do ser humano, inclusive das pessoas com deficiência visual.  Com base nisso, o trabalho tem como objetivo investigar como acontece o ensino de astronomia para alunos com deficiência visual no Centro de Apoio Pedagógico para Pessoas com Deficiência Visual de Marabá. Objetivos específicos foram: verificar se os professores lotados no Centro especializado já ministraram aula de astronomia para alunos com deficiência visual e se neste ato foram utilizados materiais didáticos; identificar quais as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos professores ao lecionar  astronomia para os alunos com deficiência visual; averiguar se há materiais didáticos acessíveis para o ensino de astronomia para os alunos com deficiência visual e ao mesmo tempo conhecer as temáticas sugestivas de assuntos na área de astronomia que servirão para subsidiar as produções de materiais acessíveis. A execução desta pesquisa qualitativa descritiva foi com coletas de dados documental, Projeto Político Pedagógico, formulário online e entrevista semiestruturada, contou com cinco participantes e utilizada a análise do conteúdo para tratamento dos dados, que procedeu nas seguintes categorias analíticas: identificação acadêmica e profissional, prática docente e materiais acessíveis. Os resultados evidenciaram que o Centro tem um quadro com catorze professores concursados e todos possuem graduação e pós-graduação, somente 20% ministram aulas dos assuntos na área de astronomia e de forma básica, sendo eles com atuação em Matemática e Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias. Também foi comprovado que é necessária a produção de materiais para o ensino de astronomia, pois o Centro possui pouco materiais acessíveis.
The ‘pregnant man’: a perceived role for husbands in maternal and child health risk reduction in rural Ghana
Authors: Wombeogo Michael , Ayembilla Joseph
Published: October 2023

Background/Aims

The concept of the ‘pregnant man’ was developed to encourage pregnant women's partners to be involved in pregnancy in a culture that does not encourage men's involvement in ‘womanly’ affairs. It is intended to encourage men to support their wives in seeking maternal care during pregnancy, to reduce risk and encourage a safe birth at a hospital facility. This study's aim was to explore the role of husbands during their wife's pregnancy.

Methods

This was a mixed-methods, community-based, cross-sectional study with couples who had a child <1 year old or who were pregnant. For quantitative data collection, 398 respondents (194 husbands and 194 wives) reported their opinions on male partner involvement and its barriers. A sample of 20 women participated in focus group discussions for qualitative data collection. These data were analysed using oral reflective analysis.

Results

Few men (15.5%) and even fewer women (9.3%) reported that husbands regularly participated in antenatal care visits. The reasons for this lack of involvement included being ‘too busy’ (18.1%), financial constraints (7.5%) and antenatal care opening hours restricting working husbands from accompanying their wives (13.8%).

Conclusions

Community-based education and husband-to-husband peer education should be prioritised by the Ghana health service to encourage men to be involved in their partner's antenatal care during pregnancy. More research is needed on partner engagement in maternal and child health services, particularly earlier in a woman's pregnancy.
Assessing the three delays for obstetric complications: a retrospective study in a tertiary health facility in Ghana
Authors: Kukeba Margaret Wekem , Darcha Rosina , Asamoah Kwame Opare , Agyeman Yaa Nyarko
Published: October 2023

Introduction/Aims

Access to obstetric care saves lives, but the ‘three delays’ (to deciding to seek care, reaching the appropriate health facility and receiving proper care) may obstruct access. This study assessed the three delays to accessing care for women who experienced obstetric complications and factors contributing to obstructed access.

Methods

A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional design was used to collect data from 384 purposively selected women who had experienced obstetric complications. Data were gathered using a structured questionnaire containing closed and open-ended questions.

Results

The three delays all contributed to obstructed access to care for the participants. Insufficient knowledge of obstetric complications, lack of autonomy and the proximity of health facilities were important factors leading to delays. Although the delay in receiving adequate treatment in the health facility was insignificant, most respondents experienced challenges accessing essential medications, such as oxytocin, antibiotics and antihypertensive drugs.

Conclusions

Despite strategies to mitigate delays in accessing obstetric care, the three delays and their associated factors remain challenging. A renewed commitment to interventions targeting women and their families and health facility-related factors is critical.
Experiences of workplace adversity among midwives in labour wards of tertiary hospitals in northern Nigeria
Authors: Musa Halima Abdul , Hunter Billie , Warren Lucie , Sakellariou Dikaios
Published: October 2023

Background/Aims

Midwifery has been described as an emotionally charged profession. It can be even more demanding as a result of the staff shortages and lack of resources often encountered in low- and middle-income countries. In Nigeria, there are high maternal and infant mortality rates, shortages in the midwifery workforce and a high prevalence of stress among midwives. The aim of this study was to explore midwives' experiences of workplace adversity and resilience in tertiary hospitals in northern Nigeria.

Methods

This study used a constructivist grounded theory approach. Data were collected via in-depth face-to-face interviews and field notes. A total of 34 interviews were conducted in two phases, with purposive and theoretical samples of midwives across two tertiary institutions in northern Nigeria. The iterative process of grounded theory methodology was used for data analysis.

Results

Significant adversity was caused by a severe lack of human and material resources, leading to an excessive workload. The nature of the work was characterised by high numbers of obstetric emergencies and attending to traumatic births.

Conclusions

Midwives working in tertiary hospitals in northern Nigeria experience workplace adversity fuelled by high caseloads, workforce shortages, a lack of basic equipment and consumables, an unsupportive working atmosphere and attending traumatic births. More investment in Nigerian maternity services is needed to improve quality of care provision, reduce adversity in the midwifery workforce and enhance staff retention.
Northern Vision
Authors: Smith David
Published: October 2023

In March 2023 top British politicians and industry leaders gathered in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK, for the Transport for the North Conference, where visions for the region of a new low-cost, green, multimodal transportation network that will rival London’s were laid out.
Managing Chaos
Authors: Stone Tom
Published: October 2023

How can transportation networks be adapted to accommodate an extra 100,000+ users within just a few hours? It’s a huge challenge for traffic managers in charge of special events, but over her career Debbie Albert has taken it all in her stride – even when a team of Clydesdale horses unexpectedly paid a visit
The role of nutrition in preventative medicine
Authors: Lakeman Nicola
Published: October 2023

Nutritional requirements will alter through the animal's lifespan, potentially altering healthspan. Having nutritional recommendations at key points of the individual's life is very important.
Anaesthetic considerations for a bleeding hemangiosarcoma undergoing splenectomy
Authors: Hill Rebecca
Published: October 2023

A haemangiosarcoma is a type of cancer that is common in dogs. Most cases originate from the spleen. Typically these patients present with haemoabdomen for splenectomy. Care should be taken to thoroughly assess and stabilise the patient prior to anaesthesia. These patients are often critical, and consideration should be taken of the equipment and monitoring devices required. ECG, blood pressure, SpO2 and capnography are all vital when monitoring the anaesthetic for these patients.
The Rhetoric of Abolition: Metonymy and Black Feminism
Authors: Rufo John
Published: October 2023

Abstract: In light of Ruth Wilson Gilmore’s call that abolition means to “change everything,” how might we understand an abolitionist literary method? An abolitionist literary method dials into the language of critiquing prisons. This essay contends that recent developments in U.S. discourse concerning prison reform and prison abolition rely on the distinction between metaphor and metonymy. As rhetorical tropes, metaphor and metonymy both operate by means of figurative language. Metaphor creates a parallel formation between terms, popular in prison reformist language (i.e. “prison as labor,” “prison as slavery,” “schools as prisons,” or “black holes as prisons”), while metonymy demonstrates a network between materially related sites, persons, and objects (as in “flesh,” “black holes,” or “the Prison Industrial Complex”) more central to the rhetoric of prison abolition. Following Emily Apter’s critique of Fredric Jameson’s “carceral metaphors,” I demonstrate these distinctions between metaphor-reform and metonymy-abolition through textual analysis of a Black feminist archive by considering the work of Ruth Wilson Gilmore, Hortense Spillers, Saidiya Hartman, George Jackson, Evelynn Hammonds, and Assata Shakur. These different thinkers employ metonymy to illuminate theoretical possibilities for abolition through economics, flesh, motherhood, intimacy, sexuality, and physics over a period of thirty years. That being said, none of these writers define their work by the principal status given to metonymy, and this essay seeks to bring together their interventions through this rhetorical trope. I propose that abolition’s stretch through metonymy is central to an abolitionist literary method, provoking the animated reconsideration of language-use by scholars and activists. While not eliding metaphor entirely, this historical materialist work demonstrates that the careful elaboration of words and phrases becomes more robustly anti-carceral when one indexes where, how, and why metaphor and metonymy contract or extend imaginative political possibility.
Z : Memory Politics in Youth Activism in the Greek 1960s
Authors: Salvanou Aimilia (Emilia)
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The Lambrakis Youth Movement in early 1960s Greece, although grounded in the nation’s post-Civil War political and social framework and oriented toward the future—trying to create a society of freedom, national independence, and social justice—nevertheless made memory and memory work an important aspect of its activism. More specifically, the Youth Movement cultivated a new memory and historical culture, and it was only through this process that the imagining of an alternative political and social future became possible. Memory is important not only for its symbolic content but for its relationship to the emergence of new identities.
Cooperativism in a Dirigiste State: SEKE and the Reconstruction of Greece’s Tobacco Sector (1947–1967)
Authors: Carmona-Zabala Juan
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The Co-operative Union of Tobacco Producers of Greece (SEKE) made a series of key contributions to the reconstruction, and development, of Greek tobacco production and exports in the postwar period. Its strategies allowed tobacco growers to retain a larger part of the value that they produced. A historical analysis of SEKE’s emergence and early trajectory allows a complex narrative of the postwar economic reconstruction to emerge, one in which we can appreciate the role of sub-state actors more clearly than has been the case thus far. By influencing the institutional framework regulating the tobacco sector, opening up new export markets, and investing in human capital, SEKE partially actualized the agrarian political program of the interwar period. As a large trading firm owned by agricultural cooperatives, SEKE’s history forces us to revise the limited, often cynical view of Greek agrarian cooperativism as a mere mechanism for the enforcement of redistributive state policy and the management of credit from the Agricultural Bank.
Identification and Empathy in Perpetrator Fiction on the Spanish Civil War
Authors: Donoghue Samuel
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This article analyses the ethically suspect processes of identification and empathy mobilized by Miguel Dalmau's 2009 work of perpetrator fiction, La noche del Diablo . It draws on narratological perspectives on character identification and narrative empathy and on philosophical discussions on the necessity of attempting to comprehend the motivations of those who commit evil acts. Informed by these narratological and philosophical insights, the article argues that perpetrator fiction about the Spanish Civil War is a psychologically useful tool for expanding our understanding of how individuals commit atrocities and for enhancing our awareness of ourselves as potential agents of perpetration.
Abbas Khider's Refugee Narrative Ohrfeige : A System-Critical Intervention in the Continuing Human Rights and Solidarity Crisis
Authors: Seemann Daphne Maria
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This article investigates Abbas Khider's Ohrfeige as a system-critical intervention in the discourse of forced migration and the continuing human rights and solidarity crisis. It focuses on Khider's use of the grotesque to illustrate how, as refugee narrative, Ohrfeige is symptomatically situated within the constraints of a profit-driven world economic system which reduces literature, cultures, and people to commodities, while growing numbers of refugee populations are kept in inhospitable spaces of radicalized exclusion. The grotesque also serves Khider as a distancing technique to highlight the need to assume active responsibility beyond humanitarian compassion to confront the injustices of our time.
The Silhouette of a Translator: Marian Fell and Russian Culture
Authors: Maslenova Anna
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Marian Fell Vans Agnew (1886–1935), a largely forgotten American translator of Russian literature, was among the first to introduce Anton Chekhov and Vladimir Korolenko to Anglophone audiences. As a teenager, Fell lived in Karaganda, Siberia (nowadays in Kazakhstan) with her family, and this experience inspired her to promote Russian culture after she returned to America. This article investigates Fell's collaboration with the Charles Scribner's Sons and Duffield & Co. publishing companies, analyses and contextualizes Fell's translations, and examines the critique of her works from the Russian school of criticism to provide an assessment of Fell's contribution to Russo-American intercultural relationships.
The Voice in the Snow: Rediscovering Olga Carlisle as a Mediator of Russian Culture
Authors: McAteer Cathy
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This article evaluates, for the first time from a Translation Studies perspective, the cultural and humanitarian contribution of the Paris-born, ethnically Russian literary translator and editor Olga Carlisle. It identifies her as a mediator who transcended the gender norms of the time and diversified the modern Russian literary canon by her advocacy of Solzhenitsyn in the 1960s and 1970s. Drawing on Carlisle's publications and archival and paratextual material, this article analyses the life events, interactions, and dispositions that led Carlisle to advocate for Russian culture and political freedom, and explores Carlisle's influence on twenty-first-century female translators of Russophone literature.
"It Is Enough": St. Ogg and Caring Through the Gap
Authors: Pennington Heidi L.
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: This essay argues that the understudied micronarrative of St. Ogg in George Eliot's The Mill on the Floss serves as a hermeneutic key to the significance of the novel's affectively perplexing conclusion. In this way, it also offers a productive, if difficult, model for ethical action in the world beyond the text. Integrating Talia Schaffer's insights on the ethics of care with narratological analysis and personal reflection, I show that care—as an action, not an emotion—can both catalyze and result from the narratively informed recognition of the gaps in one's knowledge about the lives of others. In the tale of Ogg's beatification—a passage regularly overlooked by critics of the novel—he aids a stranger precisely because he recognizes that he does not understand the reason for the needs she expresses. "It is enough that thy heart needs it," Ogg declares, and he is divinely rewarded when he accepts her unknowability and provides the material care the stranger requests. In this process, which I call "caring through the gap," Ogg's narratively informed awareness of his lack of knowledge stimulates, rather than stymies, his care-action. Caring through the gap is further developed as a flexible, intersubjective narrative process in the wrenching final scene between protagonists Maggie and Tom Tulliver. By refusing an affectively satisfying conclusion, Eliot's novel enacts the realist truth that giving and receiving care is ethically meaningful, even—perhaps especially—when resolution remains elusive. This dynamic also illuminates how the adaptable process of caring through the gap becomes urgently relevant in today's divided social worlds.
Thematic Abstraction at Work in the World: A Case Study from China with Global Implications
Authors: Song Jianlin , Zhang Qing Archer , Gee James Paul
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: Starting with Ron and Suzanne Scollon's ideas about thematic abstraction as a participatory form of storytelling in Athabaskan culture, this paper extends these ideas to a radically different setting, that of modern day China and its internal cultural wars over the economy, freedom, and leadership. We look at how internet catchphrases in China function as a form of thematic abstraction, one that is giving rise to major consequences in China and across the world. Both thematic abstraction and catchphrases state a concise theme that audiences must fill out into a detailed story based on their own experiences in life. In Athabaskan culture thematic abstraction gives rise to in-group solidarity based on a respect for, and a refusal to impose meaning on, others. In China today, catchphrases are giving rise to a solidarity among the younger generation based on a rejection of governmental and societal impositions on their own stories about their own lives.
The Narrative Features of Involuntary Time Loops
Authors: Schniedermann Wibke
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: This essay introduces the category of involuntary time loop (ITL) stories and investigates their narrative specificities. These are stories in which the protagonist repeatedly lives through a certain period of time while all or most of the other characters do not experience the repetition. After a certain amount of time has passed in the protagonist's timeline, or after a specific event has occurred in the storyworld, the loop resets, and the character finds herself back at the beginning. I will argue that the involuntary loop is distinct from other time loops as well as other forms of time travel narratives not only on the subject level but formally. For this purpose, the essay outlines a typology of ITL narratives from different genres and media. I will demonstrate how recent examples explore and expand the possibilities of this peculiar narrative device. Case studies include Stuart Turton's murder mystery novel The Seven Deaths of Evelyn Hardcastle (2018), Leslye Headland, Natasha Lyonne, and Amy Poehler's TV drama Russian Doll (2018), Max Barbakow's romantic comedy movie Palm Springs (2020), and the adventure video game 12 Minutes by developer and designer Luis Antonio (2020).
The Neuroscience of Literary Time Travel: How Literary Works Cross Historical Distance
Authors: Armstrong Paul B.
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: How do literary works speak across historical distance? When critics attempt to answer this question, they typically invoke biological metaphors that testify to the inability of formal or historical categories alone to explain the mystery of how literary works reach across the boundary between life and death. This essay investigates the embodied cognitive processes that enable literary time travel by undertaking a neurophenomenological analysis of the relation between aesthetic experiences and their neural correlates. A neurophenomenological approach can clarify what eludes formalist and historicist accounts by correlating the intersubjective interactions that constitute aesthetic experience and the transpersonal biocultural processes underlying them. This essay explains how phenomenological theories of reading and aesthetic experience relate to neuroscientific research in four areas: embodied simulation; action understanding; brain-to-brain coupling; and the anti-entropic organization of "free energy" in predictive processing. Correlations between phenomenological theories of consciousness and neuroscientific findings about cognition show how the experience of interacting with past lives as we read is supported by embodied neurobiological processes that are ubiquitous in our everyday cognitive lives and that aesthetic experiences activate and exploit.
Real-time Phase Retrieval in Division of Aperture Microscopy with the Transport of Intensity Equation
Authors: Fernández Ariel , Llaguno Juan , Silva Alejandro , Alonso Julia
Published: October 2023

The transport of intensity equation (TIE) allows to recover the phase of a microscopy sample from differently focused intensity measures along the axial direction of its optical field.
In the present work we propose a cost-effective technique for snapshot phase retrieval with TIE. The optics of a commercially available camera is replaced with a doublet system consisting of a microscope objective and a lenslet array with an extra lens mask attached to it. The system allows to obtain in real-time and with no mechanical shift of either the sample or the sensor the in-focus as well as a defocused image of the sample. From these two sub-aperture images intensity derivative term in TIE can then be approximated after image rectification. Phase is then retrieved for static as well as dynamic samples over the common view area. Validation experiments are presented.
Location of the virtual image for an underwater object observed at oblique angles
Authors: Moritani Tohei
Published: October 2023

When observed with a telephoto camera at oblique angles, a reflected light spot on a steel ball in the water has been found to give two focused linear images, one vertical and the other horizontal, at different foci: the former is located just above the object and the latter closer to the camera. The camera’s manual focus ring has determined their locations. A steel ball has been used as a “guide” to determine the locations of ordinary objects that are too blurry to focus on under the same conditions. A regular camera captures the complete overlap of the two images for the ordinary object. The human eye perceives the image just above the object due to the psychological familiarity cue.
A four-band coherent perfect absorber in the near-infrared region based on borophene metamaterial
Authors: Sun Zhe , Xiang Ting
Published: October 2023

We propose a coherent perfect absorber based on a borophene metamaterial grating structure. Based on the theoretical analysis of the temporal coupled mode theory and the numerical results of the finite-difference time-domain simulations, the transmission characteristics of the system are investigated. The dynamic tunability of the absorption intensity and resonance wavelength is realized by adjusting the phase difference and carrier density of the coherent incident beams. Moreover, by tuning the parameters, the coherent perfect absorption peak (99.99%) is obtained near the wavelength of 1550 nm, that is, the third communication window. Meanwhile, the structure can operate in ultra-thin gratings as low as 6 nm and angle tolerances as large as 45°, which provides the possibility for applications in highly integrated and wide-angle devices.
Household survey on climate change and human health in a low-income country: Associations between increased health emergencies and extreme changes in climate in Liberia
Authors: Ross Madeline E. , Wright Antoinette H. , Luke Mark , Tamba Abraham , Hessou Heounohu Romello , Kanneh Stephen , Da-Tokpah Kumeinu , Bills Corey B.
Published: October 2023

Liberia and other low and middle-income countries (LMICs) are particularly vulnerable to climate change. Yet, data on perceived risks of climate change among community residents in these countries are little known. We performed a cross-sectional survey of 800 households selected randomly through multistage cluster sampling from two regionally distinct areas of Liberia. A 91-item English survey was administered by trained research assistants verbally in the respondent’s preferred spoken language. Univariable comparison of climate related questions between the two regions was made by chi-squared analysis. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression modeling was performed to assess the association between known risks and the primary outcome of interest: a self-reported increase in health emergencies due to extreme heat, drought, flooding, wildfires, or other extreme weather events by climate change. Survey respondents were majority male (n = 461, 57.8%) with a mean age of 40.6 years (SD 14.7). Over 65% of households lived on less than 100 USD per month. A majority of respondents reported increased intensity of heat during the dry season (n = 408, 51.0%); increased intensity of rainfall during the rainy season (n = 433, 54.1%), and increased severity in endemic diseases (n = 401, 50.1%) over the past 5–10 years. In multivariable modeling, perceived water and food impacts (OR: 6.79, 95%CI 4.26–10.81; OR: 3.97, 95%CI 2.25–7.03, respectively), unemployment (OR: 3.52, 95%CI 1.89–6.56), and lack of electricity (OR: 2.04, 95%CI: 1.23–3.38) were the strongest predictors of perceived increased health emergencies due to climate change. A significant proportion of households across multiple Liberian communities have already felt the health effects of climate change. Focused efforts on mitigating individual and household risks associated with the increased health effects of climate change is essential.
MRI overestimates articular cartilage thickness and volume compared to synchrotron radiation phase-contrast imaging
Authors: Bairagi Suranjan , Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin , Atake Oghenevwogaga J. , Dust William , Wiebe Sheldon , Belev George , Chapman L. Dean , Webb M. Adam , Zhu Ning , Cooper David M. L. , Eames B. Frank
Published: October 2023

Accurate evaluation of morphological changes in articular cartilage are necessary for early detection of osteoarthritis (OA). 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has highly sensitive contrast resolution and is widely used clinically to detect OA. However, synchrotron radiation phase-contrast imaging computed tomography (SR-PCI) can also provide contrast to tissue interfaces that do not have sufficient absorption differences, with the added benefit of very high spatial resolution. Here, MRI was compared with SR-PCI for quantitative evaluation of human articular cartilage. Medial tibial condyles were harvested from non-OA donors and from OA patients receiving knee replacement surgery. Both imaging methods revealed that average cartilage thickness and cartilage volume were significantly reduced in the OA group, compared to the non-OA group. When comparing modalities, the superior resolution of SR-PCI enabled more precise mapping of the cartilage surface relative to MRI. As a result, MRI showed significantly higher average cartilage thickness and cartilage volume, compared to SR-PCI. These data highlight the potential for high-resolution imaging of articular cartilage using SR-PCI as a solution for early OA diagnosis. Recognizing current limitations of using a synchrotron for clinical imaging, we discuss its nascent utility for preclinical models, particularly longitudinal studies of live animal models of OA.
Program evaluation of a wilderness experience for adolescents facing cancer: A time in nature to heal, connect and find strength
Authors: Lown E. Anne , Otto Heather Rose , Norton Christine Lynn , Jong Miek C. , Jong Mats
Published: October 2023

Objective

Despite advances in cancer treatment and increased survival, adolescents in treatment for cancer often suffer from psychosocial distress, negative mood, and chronic health problems. Wilderness therapy is considered a promising program to address psychosocial issues among adolescents with mental or behavioral health issues. There is little research on whether it may benefit adolescents in cancer treatment.

Methods

This program evaluation in the form of a pilot study uses qualitative and quantitative measures to describe the feasibility, acceptability, safety, and to explore the impact of a nine-day wilderness program among adolescents aged 13–17 in treatment or who recently finished treatment for a cancer. Quantitative tracking documented recruitment, retention, safety, and participant satisfaction. PROMIS measures assessed mental and social health, positive affect, fatigue, pain interference and intensity over three time-points: pre, post, and three-months after the nine-day wilderness experience. Mean differences were compared over time. Qualitative data collection involved participant observation and open-ended interviews.

Results

Study enrollment goals were met, enrolling eight adolescent participants with 100% participant retention. No serious adverse events were reported and participants described high satisfaction (9.25/10) with the wilderness experience on the final day and at three-months follow-up (9.5/10). Exploratory data analysis showed scores in a favorable direction indicating improved psychosocial outcomes in physical functioning, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and peer relations. From qualitative analysis it is suggested that program participation supported: increased self-confidence and peer connection. The program was evaluated as increasing personal accomplishment, supporting social interaction, having strong staff support, and capitalizing on the natural surroundings.

Conclusion

Use of a wilderness program is feasible, acceptable, and safe among this highly vulnerable adolescent cancer population. Participants described greater self-confidence and peer connection which developed as participants experienced physical competency, group leadership, and personal strength. Larger randomized controlled studies are needed to learn whether these programs can improve psychosocial outcomes.
Cost and statistical efficiency of posture assessment by inclinometry and observation, exemplified by paper mill work
Authors: Mathiassen Svend Erik , Waleh Åström Amanda , Strömberg Annika , Heiden Marina
Published: October 2023

Postures at work are paramount in ergonomics. They can be determined using observation and inclinometry in a variety of measurement scenarios that may differ both in costs associated with collecting and processing data, and in efficiency, i.e. the precision of the eventual outcome. The trade-off between cost and efficiency has rarely been addressed in research despite the obvious interest of obtaining precise data at low costs. Median trunk and upper arm inclination were determined for full shifts in 28 paper mill workers using both observation and inclinometry. Costs were estimated using comprehensive cost equations; and efficiency, i.e. the inverted standard deviation of the group mean, was assessed on basis of exposure variance components. Cost and efficiency were estimated in simulations of six sampling scenarios: two for inclinometry (sampling from one or three shifts) and four for observation (one or three observers rating one or three shifts). Each of the six scenarios was evaluated for 1 through 50 workers. Cost-efficiency relationships between the scenarios were intricate. As an example, inclinometry was always more cost-efficient than observation for trunk inclination, except for observation strategies involving only few workers; while for arm inclination, observation by three observers of one shift per worker outperformed inclinometry on three shifts up to a budget of €20000, after which inclinometry prevailed. At a budget of €10000, the best sampling scenario for arm inclination was 2.5 times more efficient than the worst. Arm inclination could be determined with better cost-efficiency than trunk inclination. Our study illustrates that the cost-efficiency of different posture measurement strategies can be assessed and compared using easily accessible diagrams. While the numeric examples in our study are specific to the investigated occupation, exposure variables, and sampling logistics, we believe that inclinometry will, in general, outperform observation. In any specific case, we recommend a thorough analysis, using the comparison procedure proposed in the present study, of feasible strategies for obtaining data, in order to arrive at an informed decision support.
Subjective and objective measures of visual awareness converge
Authors: Kiefer Markus , Frühauf Verena , Kammer Thomas
Published: October 2023

Within consciousness research, the most appropriate assessment of visual awareness is matter of a controversial debate: Subjective measures rely on introspections of the observer related to perceptual experiences, whereas objective measures are based on performance of the observer to accurately detect or discriminate the stimulus in question across a series of trials. In the present study, we compared subjective and objective awareness measurements across different stimulus feature and contrast levels using a temporal two-alternative forced choice task. This task has the advantage to provide an objective psychophysical performance measurement, while minimizing biases from unconscious processing. Thresholds based on subjective ratings with the Perceptual Awareness Scale (PAS) and on performance accuracy were determined for detection (stimulus presence) and discrimination (letter case) tasks at high and low stimulus contrast. We found a comparable pattern of thresholds across tasks and contrasts for objective and subjective measurements of awareness. These findings suggest that objective performance measures based on accuracy and subjective ratings of the visual experience can provide similar information on the feature-content of a percept. The observed similarity of thresholds validates psychophysical and subjective approaches to awareness as providing converging and thus most likely veridical measures of awareness.
PENGARUH BAHAN AKTIF INSEKTISIDA CHLORPYRIFOS TERHADAP STRUKTUR HISTOLOGIS HEPAR IKAN WADER PARI (Rasbora lateristriata Bleeker, 1854)
Authors: Anshori Khoiruddin , Retnoaji Bambang
Published: October 2023

The use of insecticides of the organophosphorus group is increasing along with the expansion of agricultural land. Chlorpyrifos (CPF) as one of the active ingredients can accumulate in the fish and impact human health through bioaccumulation and biomagnification mechanisms. This research aims to investigate the effects of sub-lethal exposure of CPF to yellow rasbora (Rasbora lateristriata) using mortality parameters and histological changes in the liver. One-month-old yellow rasbora larvae were exposed to CPF with concentrations of 0.001, 0.005, and 0.01 ppm for 168 hours based on the preliminary test. The paraffin method was used in the manufacture of liver histological preparations with Haematoxylin-Eosin staining. Observations were conducted descriptively-quantitatively to determine the type and extent of damage to the liver. The actual test results showed that the LC50 value of CPF against yellow wader for 168 hours was 0.078 ppm. The higher the concentration used shows a decrease in the survival rate of fish. Histological observations showed cell swelling, necrosis, and haemorrhagic tissue damage in CPF treatment. The increase in CPF concentration significantly affected cellular damage to hepatocyte cells, with the highest rate of damage at a concentration of 0.01 ppm.
FORMULASI LOTION EKSTRAK METHANOL DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) DENGAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI (Lotion Formulation of Moringa Leaves (Moringa Oleifera) Methanol Extract with Antibacterial Activity)
Authors: Widhiastuti Stefani Santi
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThe skin has an important function in the body's first line of defense. Lotion is used to maintain skin health, one of which is from microorganism infection by the presence of antibacterial substances in the formula. One of the plants that has antibacterial activity is Moringa (Moringa oleifera). The aim of this study was to make a lotion formula containing methanol extract of Moringa leaves which has antibacterial activity. The research was carried out from the extraction stage, phytochemical assay, lotion formulation, and antibacterial activity assay of the extract and lotion. Based on the results of phytochemical assay, methanol extract of Moringa leaves contains saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and steroids, but does not contain triterpenoids. Moringa leaves extract has antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa, where the activity increases along with increasing extract concentration. The lotion formula with 3% extract content is the optimum formula with the best antibacterial activity compared to other formulas, lotion base, and positive control with very strong antibacterial activity, seen from the inhibition zone diameter of more than 20 mm against E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. Keywords: kelor (Moringa oleifera), antibacterial activity, lotion ABSTRAK Kulit memiliki fungsi penting dalam pertahanan pertama tubuh. Lotion digunakan untuk menjaga kesehatan kulit salah satunya dari infeksi mikroorganisme dengan adanya kandungan zat antibakteri dalam sediaan. Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri adalah kelor (Moringa oleifera). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat formula lotion dengan kandungan ekstrak methanol daun kelor yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian dilakukan mulai dari tahap ekstraksi, uji kandungan fitokimia ekstrak, uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak, pembuatan formula lotion dan uji aktivitas antibakteri lotion. Berdasarkan hasil uji fitokimia, ekstrak methanol daun kelor mengandung saponin, flavonoid, tanin, alkaloid dan steroid, namun tidak mengandung triterpenoid. Ekstrak methanol daun kelor memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli, S. aureus, dan P. aeruginosa, dimana aktivitasnya semakin meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi ekstrak. Formula lootion dengan kandungan ekstrak sebesar 3% merupakan formula optimum dengan aktivitas antibakteri paling baik dibandingkan formula lain, basis lotion, maupun kontrol positif dengan aktivitas antibakteri sangat kuat, dilihat dari diameter zona hambat lebih dari 20 mm terhadap bakteri E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. Kata kunci: kelor (Moringa oleifera), aktivitas antibakteri, lotion
The Immunomodulatory Activity of Leaves Extract of Gaharu Gyrinops versteegii (Gilg.) Domke on Macrophage Cell of Mice (Mus musculus L.) in vitro
Authors: Salwa Assyafiya , Nuringtyas Tri Rini , Hidayati Lisna , Wijayanti Nastiti
Published: October 2023

The immune response is divided into innate immune response and adaptive immune response. Macrophages are one of the immunity cells that work both in innate and adaptive immune response. The activities of secondary metabolites present in agarwood-producing plants allow the potential for natural immunomodulators so that the purpose of this study was to determine the potential G. versteegii extract leaves as immunomodulator and to examine the effect of G. versteegii leaves extract toward macrophage cells of mice (Mus musculus L.). The steps to be carried out in this study were the preparation of G. versteegii leaves extract with multi-level extraction, collection of M. musculus, cytotoxicity test with MTT assay, phagocytosis activity test of macrophages calculated by light microscopy (400X), and Griess assay for NO production of macrophages. The cytotoxicity test resulted an IC50 value of G. versteegii leaves extract was 183.45 µg/mL and the Imboost® as comparison solution is 20.12 µg/mL. This value used to determine the concentration of extract for phagocytosis activity test and NO production of macrophages test. The results showed that G. versteegii leaves extract has the potential as an immunomodulator and extract with 20 µg/mL concentration has the highest effect on phagocytosis activity and NO production.
POPULASI Paradisaea minor jobiensis, Rothschild 1897 DI BARAWAI YAPEN PAPUA
Authors: Raunsay Edoward Krisson , Abidondifu Dorthea Fortunella
Published: October 2023

The Paradisaea minor jobiensis, Rothcshild 1897 is one of the most beautiful Cenderawasih birds in Papua, especially in the Yapen Islands and is a species currently threatened with extinction. The purpose of this study is to find out the population of P. m. jobiensis in the forest area of Imbowiari Barawai. Observation of population P. m. jobiensis is done with Demographic Parameters through direct observation using IPA method and then analyzed quantitatively parametrically to see population size, density and sex ratio. The population of Cenderawasih bird in the forest area of Imbowiari Barawai is 188 individuals, of which males are 136 individuals and females are 82 individuals. The population of Cenderawasih Birds in the Imbowiari forest is still very abundant, where the males are moro dominant than females.
Evaluation of Caulerpa lentillifera as artificial feed on growth rate and survival level of carp (Cyprinus carpio)]
Authors: Lemba Erni Padu , Meiyasa Firat , Tarigan Nurbety
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the dose and utilization of Caulerpa lentilifera seaweed as artificial feed on the growth rate and survival rate of carp. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatment levels and three replications. The fish used was carp (Cyprinus carpio) measuring 3-5 cm with a stocking density of 10 acres/bucket for 42 days of rearing. The doses of Caulerpa lentilifera flour added to the feed were 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%. The results showed that the addition of Caulerpa lentilifera flour had a significant effect on growth rate, survival rate, feed utilization efficiency, and carp protein efficiency ratio. Giving Caulerpa lentilifera flour with a dose of 20% in the feed was the best dose for the relative growth rate of 6.83%, survival rate of 75%, efficiency of feed utilization of 20.59% and protein efficiency ratio of 3.79%. Caulerpa lentilifera in feed is able to increase the efficiency of feed utilization so as to support the growth rate and survival rate of carp
Façade of Fungi Uncovered by Pathologists - A Case Report
Authors: Kumaran Chinnappa  , Sangeetha N.
Published: October 2023

A 47-year-old female presented with progressive recurrent swelling in the left leg for the past 4 years which is cystic in consistency and painless on palpation measuring 3 x 3 cm, adherent to deep planes. Patient had undergone incision and drainage for the same before 1 year. She is a known case of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus for 7 years and is on regular medication. No H/o trauma, fever, lymphadenopathy and any other adjacent skin lesions.
Emetofobia: uma revisão de literatura à luz da psicologia corporal / Emetophobia: a literature review in the light of body psychology
Authors: Colombo Marluci Comim , Reichow Jeverson Rogério da Costa , Vieira Fabio Martins , Sais Elenice de Freitas
Published: October 2023

Resumo: Este estudo buscou analisar o fenômeno da emetofobia à luz da psicologia corporal. A metodologia aplicada foi a revisão de literatura com natureza qualitativa e caráter exploratório. As bases de dados utilizadas foram Pubmed, Scielo, periódicos CAPES e BVS, considerando artigos publicados entre 2011 e 2021. Os achados apontam a emetofobia como um transtorno de ansiedade caracterizado por medo intenso de vômito, de si ou de terceiros, nos mais diversos aspectos. Os artigos revisados e a psicologia corporal vinculam o transtorno a um medo crônico e a situações traumáticas que iniciam desde a infância e se instauram na adolescência. Em adultos, a fobia pode ocorrer após doença grave. A maioria dos estudos apontou mulheres como as mais afetadas. Os aspectos da emetofobia foram relacionados aos bloqueios do segmento ocular, oral, cervical, torácico, diafragmático, abdominal e pélvico e as fixações das fases do desenvolvimento psicoemocional da psicologia corporal.Palavras-chave: Emetofobia, medo de vômito, psicologia corporal, Reich. Abstract: This study sought to analyze the phenomenon of emetophobia in the light of body psychology. The methodology applied was a literature review with a qualitative and exploratory nature. The databases used were Pubmed, Scielo, CAPES and BVS journals, considering articles published between 2011 and 2021. The findings point to emetophobia as an anxiety disorder characterized by intense fear of vomiting, of oneself or others, in the most diverse aspects . The reviewed articles and body psychology link the disorder to chronic fear and traumatic situations that start in childhood and are established in adolescence. In adults, the phobia can occur after a serious illness. Most studies pointed to women as the most affected. Aspects of emetophobia were related to ocular, oral, cervical, thoracic, diaphragmatic, abdominal and pelvic segment blockages and fixations of the phases of psycho-emotional development of body psychology.Keywords: Emetophobia, fear of vomiting, body psychology, Reich.