bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Aging and Cognition With Complex Speech Understanding in Cochlear-Implanted Adults
Authors: Schvartz-Leyzac Kara C. , Giordani Bruno , Pfingst Bryan E.
Published: January 2023

Importance

The association between cognitive function and outcomes in cochlear implant (CI) users is not completely understood, partly because some cognitive tests are confounded by auditory status. It is important to determine appropriate cognitive tests to use in a cohort of CI recipients.

Objective

To provide proof-of-concept for using an adapted version of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox Cognition Battery in a cohort of patients with CIs and to explore how hearing in noise with a CI is affected by cognitive status using the adapted test.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this prognostic study, participants listened to sentences presented in a speech-shaped background noise. Cognitive tests consisted of 7 subtests of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery that were adapted for hearing impaired individuals by including written instructions and visual stimuli. Participants were prospectively recruited from and evaluated at a tertiary medical center. All participants had at least 6 months’ experience with their CI.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main outcomes were performance on the adapted cognitive test and a speech recognition in noise task.

Results

Participants were 20 adult perilingually or postlingually deafened CI users (50% male participants; median [range] age, 66 [26-80] years old). Performance on a sentence recognition in noise task was negatively associated with the chronological age of the listener (R2 = 0.29; β = 0.16; standard error, SE = 0.06; t = 2.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.27). Testing using the adapted version of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery revealed that a test of processing speed was also associated with performance, using a standardized score that accounted for contributions of other demographic factors (R2 = 0.28; 95% confidence interval, −0.42 to −0.05).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this prognostic study, older CI users showed poorer performance on a sentence-in-noise test compared with younger users. This poorer performance was correlated with a cognitive deficit in processing speed when cognitive function was assessed using a test battery adapted for participants with hearing loss. These results provide initial proof-of-concept results for using a standardized and adapted cognitive test battery in CI recipients.
Hesperidin enhances intestinal barrier function in Caco‐2 cell monolayers via AMPK‐mediated tight junction‐related proteins
Authors: Park Ha‐Young , Yu Jin‐Hee
Published: January 2023

The intestinal epithelium is a single‐cell layer on the mucosal surface that absorbs food‐derived nutrients and functions as a barrier that protects mucosal integrity. Hesperidin (hesperetin‐7‐rhamnoglucoside) is a flavanone glycoside composed of the flavanone hesperetin and the disaccharide rutinose, which has various physiological benefits, including antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and antiallergic effects. Here, we used human intestinal Caco‐2 cell monolayers to examine the effect of hesperidin on intestinal barrier function. Hesperidin‐treated Caco‐2 cell monolayers displayed enhanced intestinal barrier integrity, as indicated by an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and a decreased apparent permeability (Papp) for fluorescein. Hesperidin elevated the mRNA and protein levels of occludin, MarvelD3, JAM‐1, claudin‐1, and claudin‐4, which are encoded by tight junction (TJ)‐related genes. Moreover, hesperidin significantly increased the phosphorylation of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), indicating improved intestinal barrier function. Thus, our results suggest that hesperidin enhances intestinal barrier function by increasing the expression of TJ‐related occludin, MarvelD3, JAM‐1, and claudin‐1 via AMPK activation in human intestinal Caco‐2 cells.
Self‐Standing 3D Hollow Nanoporous SnO2‐Modified CuxO Nanotubes with Nanolamellar Metallic Cu Inwalls: A Facile In Situ Synthesis Protocol toward Enhanced Li Storage Properties
Authors: Yan Xiaomeng , Liu Wenbo , Kang Hong , Zhang Shichao , Shi Sanqiang
Published: January 2023

SnO2 is regarded as a prospective anode material candidate for high energy density lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, rapid structural degradation and low conductivity always bring about poor cycling stability and electrochemical reversibility, becoming critical dilemmas toward its practical application. To address these issues, herein, a facile multi‐step in situ synthesis protocol is developed to tactfully achieve self‐standing 3D hollow nanoporous SnO2‐modified CuxO nanotubes with nanolamellar metallic Cu inwalls (3D‐HNP SnO2/CuxO@n‐Cu) via chemical dealloying, heat treatment, electrochemical replacement, and selective etching. The results show that the unique 3D‐HNP SnO2/CuxO@n‐Cu as a binder‐free integrated anode for LIBs exhibits superior Li storage properties with high initial reversible capacity of 3.34 mAh cm−2 and good cycling stability with 85.6% capacity retention and >99.4% coulombic efficiency after 200 cycles (capacity decay of only 0.002 mAh cm−2 per cycle). This is mainly attributed to the unique 3D hollow nanoporous configuration design composed of interlinked CuxO nanotubes modified by ultrafine SnO2 nanocrystals (4–10 nm) with two‐way mechanical strain cushion and nanolamellar metallic Cu inwalls with boosted electrical conductivity. This work can be expected to offer an original and effective approach for rational design and fabrication of advanced MOx‐based anodes toward high‐performance LIBs.
Robust Ferrimagnetism and Switchable Magnetic Anisotropy in High‐Entropy Ferrite Film
Authors: Jin Fei , Zhu Yuanming , Li Li , Pan Zizhao , Pan Desheng , Gu Meng , Li Qian , Chen Lang , Wang Hong
Published: January 2023

Ferrimagnetic insulator materials are the enabling technology for the development of next‐generation magnetic devices with low power consumption, high operation speed, and high miniaturization capability. To achieve a high‐density memory device, a combined realization of robust saturation magnetization (Ms), controllable magnetic anisotropy, and high resistivity (ρ) are highly demanded. Despite significant efforts that have been made recently, simultaneously achieving significant enhancements in these properties in a soft magnetic insulator material still remains a great challenge, severely limiting their practical application. Herein, a high‐entropy strategy in an ultra‐thin spinel ferrite (CrMnFeCoNi)3O4 film is reported that exhibits concurrently a superior saturation magnetization (MS = 1198 emu cm−3), low coercivity (HC = 90 Oe), and excellent resistivity (ρ = 1233 Ω cm), as well as switchable magnetic anisotropy. The comprehensive lattice probing and microstructure analysis studies reveal that such desirable ferromagnetic properties originate from the high‐quality structurally ordered but compositionally disordered single‐crystal epitaxial structure. The switchable magnetic anisotropy demonstrated in the high‐entropy ferrite film can be attributed to the new antiferromagnetic rock‐salt phase. This work unveils the critical benefits of the high‐entropy strategy for magnetic oxide thin films, which opens up new opportunities for the development of high‐performance magnetic materials.
Plasmon‐Induced Photopolymerization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Nanosensor Applications
Authors: Khitous Amine , Molinaro Céline , Gree Simon , Haupt Karsten , Soppera Olivier
Published: January 2023

A new simple, fast, and versatile method is developed to functionalize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) via nanoscale layers of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). The key step is based on near‐field radical photopolymerization of the MIP prepolymerization mixture. This enables the fabrication of AuNPs@MIPs hybrid nanoparticles, which are used as substrates for localized surface plasmon resonance and surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis with excellent sensitivity and specificity. To demonstrate the performance of AuNPs@MIPs, methylene blue‐specific MIPs are prepared. The sensitivity of SERS detection is in the range of 10 nm. Specificity is demonstrated by comparing the response to a non‐imprinted control polymer and by interference testing with two analogs (Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine 110). This fabrication method allows to obtain robust and reusable sensor surfaces with high sensitivity and selectivity. The nanometric thickness of the MIP allows for shorter analysis times (10 min), thereby improving the performance of MIP‐based sensors and opening up new perspectives for the detection of molecules at very low concentrations.
Materials and Device Design for Epidermal UV Sensors with Real‐Time, Skin‐Color Specific, and Naked‐Eye Quasi‐Quantitative Monitoring Capabilities
Authors: Yang Zihang , Zhao Jingyang , Liang Chao , Jiang Hanqing
Published: January 2023

Ultraviolet radiations (UVR) sensors provide quantitative and continuous measurement of UV‐induced dermal damage. The challenge though is to develop a sensor that simultaneously offers high sensitivity and rapid response to UVR, as well as compatibility to human skin and skin color specificity. In this paper, an epidermal UV sensor that uses new sets of material and device design strategies to deliver accurate UV intensity measurements is presented. The developed sensor provides real‐time and reversible detection performance (color change and recovery) in less than 30 s. By combining the UV photochromic and absorptive materials, a variety of personalized UV epidermal stickers can be developed to achieve naked‐eye quasi‐quantitative monitoring of UV exposure while simultaneously meeting the specific needs of different skin types. Experimental demonstrations validate the high applicability of these wearable UV sensors for managing the impact of UVR in the daily life.
Stretchable and Photothermal MXene/PAA Hydrogel in Strain Sensor for Wearable Human‐Machine Interaction Electronics
Authors: Bai Yan , Lu Yuyuan , Bi Shuaihang , Wang Weikang , Lin Feifei , Zhu Fu , Yang Pin , Ding Ning , Liu Shujuan , Zhao Weiwei , Liu Ning , Zhao Qiang
Published: January 2023

Wearable human‐machine interaction (HMI) is an advanced technology that realizes operations, collaborations, and interactions between human and machines in a co‐located or coordinated way. As the core component of wearable HMI electronics, the flexible sensor is desirable to be intelligent, accurate, collaborative, and multifunctional for the feedback control. Here, the multifunctional MXene/polyacrylic acid (PAA) hydrogel is prepared by radical polymerization. As a flexible strain sensor, it exhibits high sensitivity (gauge factor ≈4.94), wide detection range (0–1081%) and stable signal output for 500 cycles. It can also monitor human movement and operate manipulator in real time, exhibiting great potential in wearable artificial intelligence and HMI. Furthermore, the MXene/PAA hydrogel shows photothermal conversion performance with controllable surface temperature regulation ability (RT ≈67 °C) under near‐infrared radiation. This work sheds a new light to develop the collaborative and multifunction wearable HMI electronics through integrating the flexible sensor with personal thermal management system.
Atomically Thin Synaptic Devices for Optoelectronic Neuromorphic Vision
Authors: Ahmed Taimur , Jannat Azmira , Krishnamurthi Vaishnavi , Aung Thiha , Mazumder Aishani , Zavabeti Ali , Syed Nitu , Daeneke Torben , Ou Jian Zhen , AI‐Hourani Akram , Walia Sumeet
Published: January 2023

Imaging sensors with inbuilt processing capability are expected to form the backbone of low‐latency and highly energy efficient artificial vision systems. A range of emerging atomically thin materials provide opportunities to exploit their electrical and optical properties for human vision and brain inspired functions. This work reports atomically thin nanosheets of β‐In2S3 which exhibit inherent persistent photoconductivity (PPC) under ultraviolet and visible wavelengths. This PPC effect enables β‐In2S3‐based optoelectronic devices to optically mimic the dynamics of biological synapses. Based on the material characterizations, the PPC effect is attributed to the intrinsic defects in the synthesized β‐In2S3 nanosheet. Furthermore, the feasibility of adopting these atomically thin synaptic devices for optoelectronic neuromorphic hardware is demonstrated by implementing a convolutional neural network for image classification. As such, the demonstrated atomically thin nanosheets and optoelectronic synaptic devices provide a platform for scaling up complex vision‐sensory neural networks, which can find many promising applications for multispectral imaging and neuromorphic computation.
Anharmonic Exciton‐Phonon Coupling in Metal‐Organic Chalcogenides Hybrid Quantum Wells
Authors: Kastl Christoph , Bonfà Pietro , Maserati Lorenzo
Published: January 2023

In contrast to inorganic quantum wells, hybrid quantum wells (HQWs) based on metal‐organic semiconductors are characterized by relatively soft lattices, in which excitonic states can strongly couple to lattice phonons. Therefore, understanding the lattice's impact on exciton dynamics is essential for harnessing the optoelectronic potential of HQWs. Beyond 2D metal halide perovskites, layered metal‐organic chalcogenides (MOCs), which are an air‐stable, underexplored material class hosting room‐temperature excitons, can be exploited as photodetectors, light emitting devices, and ultrafast photoswitches. Here, the role of phonons in the optical transitions of the prototypical MOC [AgSePh]∞ is elucidated. Impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) allows the detection of coherent exciton oscillations driven by Fröhlich interaction with low‐energy optical phonons. Steady state absorption and Raman spectroscopies reveal a strong exciton‐phonon coupling (Huang‐Rhys parameter ≈1.7) and its anharmonicity, manifested as a nontrivial temperature‐dependent Stokes shift. The ab initio calculations support these observations, hinting at an anharmonic behavior of the low‐energy phonons <200 cm−1. These results untangle complex exciton‐phonon interactions in MOCs, establishing an ideal testbed for room‐temperature many‐body phenomena.
Role of the Intramolecular‐Locking Strategy in the Construction of Organic Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters with Rotation‐Restricted Acceptors
Authors: Li Bowen , Liu Meihua , Sang Long , Li Zhigao , Wan Xiaobo , Zhang Yong
Published: January 2023

Constructing highly twisted and rigid donor–acceptor systems is important for obtaining highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. In the traditional framework of structurally twisted charge‐transfer TADF molecular design, increasing the rigidity of the molecule through constructing rigid groups guarantees the minimized overlap integral between their highest occupied molecular orbitals and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals for a small singlet and triplet energy gap, which ensures efficient reverse intersystem crossing. Increasing rigidity also prevents the molecule from deforming when in the excited state, effectively suppresses non‐radiative energy dissipation, and improves the photoluminescence quantum yield. As one of the important fragments for TADF emitters, the development of acceptor units with rigid structure deserves in‐depth understanding. Therefore, this review offers a comprehensive summary of the designs and developments of rigid TADF acceptors with “intramolecular locks” including covalent bonds, coordination bonds, and non‐covalent bonds, via the intramolecular‐locking strategy. The mechanism of TADF based on results from density functional theory is also described. Finally, the role of the intramolecular‐locking strategy in the construction of pure organic TADF emitters with rotation‐restricted acceptors and in improving the efficiency of all‐organic TADF‐based organic light‐emitting diodes is discussed.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Photoredox Dehydrative Coupling/Cyclization of N‐Arylacrylamides with Hydroxyketones
Authors: Yan Wanying , Qu Zhonghua , Zhao Feng , Deng Guo‐Jun , Mao Guo‐Jiang , Huang Huawen
Published: January 2023

A mild visible‐light induced 4CzIPN/H+ photoredox system has been developed that enables hydroxyketones serving as a carbon radical precursor via formal C−O bond cleavage. This process was successfully exploited in the coupling/cyclization reaction of N‐arylacrylamides and thereby provided a viable access to acyl oxindoles. This protocol features advantages including no need for any metal catalyst and additive, high yielding, broad substrate scope, gram scalability, and release of H2O as the sole byproduct.

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Plasmon‐Enhanced Single Extracellular Vesicle Analysis for Cholangiocarcinoma Diagnosis
Authors: Jeong Mi Ho , Son Taehwang , Tae Yoo Keung , Park Chan Hee , Lee Hee Seung , Chung Moon Jae , Park Jeong Youp , Castro Cesar M. , Weissleder Ralph , Jo Jung Hyun , Bang Seungmin , Im Hyungsoon
Published: January 2023

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a fatal disease often detected late in unresectable stages. Currently, there are no effective diagnostic methods or biomarkers to detect CCA early with high confidence. Analysis of tumor‐derived extracellular vesicles (tEVs) harvested from liquid biopsies can provide a new opportunity to achieve this goal. Here, an advanced nanoplasmonic sensing technology is reported, termed FLEX (fluorescence‐amplified extracellular vesicle sensing technology), for sensitive and robust single EV analysis. In the FLEX assay, EVs are captured on a plasmonic gold nanowell surface and immunolabeled for cancer‐associated biomarkers to identify tEVs. The underlying plasmonic gold nanowell structures then amplify EVs’ fluorescence signals, an effective amplification process at the single EV level. The FLEX EV analysis revealed a wide heterogeneity of tEVs and their marker levels. FLEX also detected small tEVs not detected by conventional EV fluorescence imaging due to weak signals. Tumor markers (MUC1, EGFR, and EPCAM) are identified in CCA, and this marker combination is applied to detect tEVs in clinical bile samples. The FLEX assay detected CCA with an area under the curve of 0.93, significantly better than current clinical markers. The sensitive and accurate nanoplasmonic EV sensing technology can aid in early CCA diagnosis.
A Mechanically Reinforced Super Bone Glue Makes a Leap in Hard Tissue Strong Adhesion and Augmented Bone Regeneration
Authors: Hu Shanshan , Wang Shan , He Qingqing , Li Dize , Xin Liangjing , Xu Chuanhang , Zhu Xingyu , Mei Li , Cannon Richard D. , Ji Ping , Tang Han , Chen Tao
Published: January 2023

Existing bone tissue engineering strategies aim to achieve minimize surgical trauma, stabilize the injured area, and establish a dynamic osteogenic microenvironment. The cutting‐edge bone glue developed in this study satisfies these criteria. Inspired by the excellent adhesive properties of mussels, herein, a super osteogenic glue (L‐DPZ) that integrates poly(vinyl alcohol), L‐dopa amino acid, and zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 characterized by catechol–metal coordination is used to successfully adhere to hard tissue with a maximum adhesive strength of 10 MPa, which is much higher than those of commercial and previously reported bone glues. The stable hard tissue adhesion also enables it to adhere strongly to luxated or broken teeth, Bio‐Oss (a typical bone graft material), and splice fragments from comminuted fractures of the rabbit femur. Then, it is testified that the L‐DPZ hydrogels exhibit satisfactory biocompatibility, stable degradability, and osteogenic ability in vitro. Moreover, the ability to anchor Bio‐Oss and sustained osteogenesis of L‐DPZ result in satisfactory healing in calvarial bone defect models in rabbits, as observed by increased bone thickness and the ingrowth of new bone tissue. These results are expected to demonstrate solutions to clinical dilemmas such as comminuted bone fracture fixation, bone defect reconstruction, and teeth dislocation replantation.
An Ionic Liquid Ablation Agent for Local Ablation and Immune Activation in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Huang Junming , Wang Meng , Zhang Fu , Shao Shiyi , Yao Zhuo , Zhao Xinyu , Hu Qida , Liang Tingbo
Published: January 2023

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma rapidly acquires resistance to chemotherapy, remaining a fatal disease. Immunotherapy is one of the breakthroughs in cancer treatment, which includes immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell immunotherapy, and neoantigen vaccines. However, immunotherapy has not achieved satisfactory results in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Immunogenic death comprises proinflammatory cell death, which provides a way to enhance tumor immunogenicity and promote an immune response in solid tumors. Herein, an ionic liquid ablation agent (LAA), synthesized from choline and geranic acid, which triggers necrosis‐induced immunotherapy by remodeling an immunosuppressive “cold” tumor to an immune activated “hot” tumor is described. The results indicate that LAA‐treated tumor cells can enhance immunogenicity, inducing dendritic cell maturation, macrophage M1 polarization, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration. The results of the present study provide a novel strategy for solid tumor immunotherapy.
Actin Filaments Couple the Protrusive Tips to the Nucleus through the I‐BAR Domain Protein IRSp53 during the Migration of Cells on 1D Fibers
Authors: Mukherjee Apratim , Ron Jonathan Emanuel , Hu Hooi Ting , Nishimura Tamako , Hanawa‐Suetsugu Kyoko , Behkam Bahareh , Mimori‐Kiyosue Yuko , Gov Nir Shachna , Suetsugu Shiro , Nain Amrinder Singh
Published: January 2023

The cell migration cycle, well‐established in 2D, proceeds with forming new protrusive structures at the cell membrane and subsequent redistribution of contractile machinery. Three‐dimensional (3D) environments are complex and composed of 1D fibers, and 1D fibers are shown to recapitulate essential features of 3D migration. However, the establishment of protrusive activity at the cell membrane and contractility in 1D fibrous environments remains partially understood. Here the role of membrane curvature regulator IRSp53 is examined as a coupler between actin filaments and plasma membrane during cell migration on single, suspended 1D fibers. IRSp53 depletion reduced cell‐length spanning actin stress fibers that originate from the cell periphery, protrusive activity, and contractility, leading to uncoupling of the nucleus from cellular movements. A theoretical model capable of predicting the observed transition of IRSp53‐depleted cells from rapid stick‐slip migration to smooth and slower migration due to reduced actin polymerization at the cell edges is developed, which is verified by direct measurements of retrograde actin flow using speckle microscopy. Overall, it is found that IRSp53 mediates actin recruitment at the cellular tips leading to the establishment of cell‐length spanning fibers, thus demonstrating a unique role of IRSp53 in controlling cell migration in 3D.
Ultrahigh Energy Storage Density in Poly(vinylidene fluoride)‐Based Composite Dielectrics via Constructing the Electric Potential Well
Authors: Zhu Tongguang , Zhao Hang , Zhang Na , Zhang Chuying , Yin Lei , Dang Zhi‐Min , Bai Jinbo
Published: January 2023

Dielectric capacitors are fundamental energy storage components in electronics and electric power systems due to their unique ultrahigh power density. However, their relatively low energy storage density is a long‐standing challenge which greatly limits their practical application range. Chitosan (CS) and montmorillonite (MMT) are two kinds of materials that exist abundantly on the earth with natural surface charges. The positively charged CS and negatively charged MMT can be self‐assembled into the typical sandwich‐structured CS/MMT/CS 2D structure through an electrostatic attraction. Loading these surface‐charged sandwich‐structured nanosheets into poly(vinylidene fluoride)‐based composite with a weight fraction as tiny as 0.3 wt.%, an ultrahigh energy storage density of 32.5 J cm−3 accompanied with a high efficiency of 64% are concurrently achieved with a very low cost and scalable process. Guided by finite element simulation, it is revealed that a number of electric potential wells that exist in the charged sandwich nanosheets impede the acceleration of internal charges and hinder the growth of electrical trees. The results offer a novel paradigm for exploring ultrahigh energy storage density capacitors in an economical way.
A simple genetic stratification method for lower cost, more expedient clinical trials in early Alzheimer's disease: A preliminary study of tau PET and cognitive outcomes
Authors: Wang Xin , Broce Iris , Qiu Yuqi , Deters Kacie D. , Fan Chun Chieh , Dale Anders M. , Edland Steven D. , Banks Sarah J. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Identifying individuals who are most likely to accumulate tau and exhibit cognitive decline is critical for Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials.

Methods

Participants (N = 235) who were cognitively normal or with mild cognitive impairment from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were stratified by a cutoff on the polygenic hazard score (PHS) at 65th percentile (above as high‐risk group and below as low‐risk group). We evaluated the associations between the PHS risk groups and tau positron emission tomography and cognitive decline, respectively. Power analyses estimated the sample size needed for clinical trials to detect differences in tau accumulation or cognitive change.

Results

The high‐risk group showed faster tau accumulation and cognitive decline. Clinical trials using the high‐risk group would require a fraction of the sample size as trials without this inclusion criterion.

Discussion

Incorporating a PHS inclusion criterion represents a low‐cost and accessible way to identify potential participants for AD clinical trials.
A Novel Aluminum‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework with Uniform Micropores for Trace BTEX Adsorption
Authors: Hu Laigang , Wu Wenhao , Gong Li , Zhu Hongxia , Jiang Ling , Hu Min , Lin Daohui , Yang Kun
Published: January 2023

Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are potential porous adsorbents for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX). A novel MOF, using low toxic aluminum (Al) as the metal, named as ZJU‐620(Al), with uniform micropore size of 8.37±0.73 Å and specific surface area of 1347 m2 g−1, was synthesized. It is constructed by one‐dimensional rod‐shaped AlO6 clusters, formate ligands and 4,4′,4′′‐(2,4,6‐trimethylbenzene‐1,3,5‐triyl) tribenzoic ligands. ZJU‐620(Al) exhibits excellent chemical‐thermal stability and adsorption for trace BTEX, e.g., benzene adsorption of 3.80 mmol g−1 at P/P0=0.01 and 298 K, which is the largest one reported. Using Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations and Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses, it was observed that the excellent adsorption could be attributed to the high affinity of BTEX molecules in ZJU‐620(Al) micropores because the kinetic diameters of BTEX are close up to the pore size of ZJU‐620(Al).
What is ESG? Rethinking the “E” pillar
Authors: Trahan Ryan Thomas , Jantz Brad
Published: January 2023

Environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing suffers from a well‐documented problem of defining exactly what it is. Anecdotal evidence indicates that overinclusion is the more serious immediate problem, as assets stated to be managed in accordance with ESG criteria have undergone broad expansion. Yet, persistent criticism and frustration with the uncertainty of the meaning and aims of ESG present myriad risks. An abrupt outflow of capital, together with attendant environmental impacts, is one potential consequence if the music stops. We offer a corrective supported by empirical research on the energy transition. Our suggestion is that the environmental pillar, the “E” in ESG, is uniquely quantifiable, yet theoretically underdeveloped in important respects. This circumstance corresponds with emissions ratings regimes that are both loose and misleadingly precise. We suggest a five‐point rubric for rethinking the “E” pillar in view of changing socio‐technical systems that result in the secondary effects of emissions.
Drivers to mitigate climate change in context of manufacturing industry: An emerging economy study
Authors: Dwivedi Ashish , Sassanelli Claudio , Agrawal Dindayal , Moktadir Md. Abdul , D'Adamo Idiano
Published: January 2023

Business strategy and the environment are becoming increasingly central within the global agenda. In particular, some emerging countries such as India show strong growth in the manufacturing sector while also exhibiting high emission values. This inevitably creates a paradox. Therefore, this study aims to determine the drivers for Indian manufacturing firms to pursue sustainability. The methodologies used in this work is comprised of modified total interpretive structure modeling (m‐TISM) that is based on 21 drivers to mitigate climate change and cross‐impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) that evaluates the dependence power and driving power of the drivers. The findings from the study reflect that there are nine levels into which the clusters are divided. “greenhouse gas performance” and “encouraging low carbon products” are influenced by all other drivers, while the driver “dynamic transitions in economic and political situation” occupies a mirror position. This last driver has the greatest impact on the achievement of the goal along with “persistent with corporate conventionalities” and “dynamic transitions in economic and political situation.” The economic dimension has a key asset in the manufacturing context, but the influence of sustainable technology on the supply side and of the responsible consumption on the demand side cannot be overlooked. Businesses that focus on short‐term maximization by not focusing on renewable and circular resources may be uncompetitive in the long‐term.
Integrated evaluation the antioxidant activity of epicatechin from cell dynamics
Authors: Qing Yinglu , Xiang Xiong , Li Shan , Wang Min , Liang Zhengyang , Ren Jiaoyan
Published: January 2023

Oxidative damage has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous disorders by affecting the normal functions of several tissues. Further, oxidative stress acts within cells to influence cell morphology and the behavior of cell migration. The movement and migration of cells are crucial during the development of organisms as they transition from embryo to adult, and for the homeostasis of adult tissues. Epicatechin (EC) is a natural flavonoid derived mostly from tea, chocolate, and red wine. We investigated the protective impact of EC on D‐galactose(D‐gal)/rotenone‐injured NIH3T3 cells and found alterations in cell dynamics throughout the procedure. The results reveal that D‐gal/rotenone stimulation can cause the cell area to expand and the number of cellular protrusions to increase. EC intervention can considerably minimize the oxidative damage of rotenone on NIH3T3 cells (p < 0.05) but showed little influence on cell damage induced by D‐gal. Furthermore, the corrective ability of EC as an antioxidant is reflected in a dose‐dependent effect on cell movement, including variations in movement speed and distance. Overall, from the perspective of cell morphology and cell motility, EC has a good protective impact on cells harmed by rotenone induced oxidative damage, as well as corrective properties as an antioxidant to balance intracellular oxidative stress, which allowing for a more comprehensive evaluation of antioxidant performance of EC.
In situ shell technique for edentulous ridge augmentation
Authors: Houshmand Behzad , Talebi Ardakani Mohammadreza , Amirinasab Omid , Amid Reza , Moscowchi Anahita , Esfahrood Zeinab Rezaei , Ekhlasmand Kermani Mehdi
Published: January 2023

Background

The novel two‐stage technique presented in this study is based on guided bone regeneration for three‐dimensional bone augmentation.

Methods and Results

The proposed technique was performed to augment an atrophic alveolar ridge in the maxilla and mandible. This method is based on using an autogenous bone plate, a mixture of allogeneic bone graft and injectable –platelet‐rich fibrin, and a bioresorbable barrier membrane. Based on the cases presented in this study, sufficient osseous regeneration was achieved to place dental implants in an ideal position.

Conclusion

Within the limitations of the present study, it seems that in situ shell technique could be a beneficial method to augment the extremely atrophied ridges with less morbidity and shorter operative time.

Key points

Why is this case new information?

The cases presented a new technique using in situ autogenous plates for ridge augmentation.

What are the keys to the successful management of this case?

The keys to the successful management of these cases are proper flap management and less traumatic bony plate preparation.

What are the primary limitations to success in this case?

The primary limitation to success in this technique would be a need for high surgical skills to conduct the procedure accurately.
High glucose promotes podocyte movement: From the perspective of single cell motility assay
Authors: Zhang Junhui , Zhang Yuping , Zhang Qiong , Feng Yanhai , Deng Xiuyuan , Deng Fang , Chen Bing , Hu Jiongyu
Published: January 2023

Podocytes are highly specialized glomerular epithelial cells that play a crucial role in maintaining the glomerular filtration barrier, impairment of which usually leads to proteinuria. The phenotypic alterations of podocytes are described to be one of the critical mechnisms underlying podocyte detachment from the glomerular basement membrane. High glucose is the major factor mediating the renal damages and podocyte injuries in the process of diabetic nephropathy. It was revealed that high glucose stimulated the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of podocyte, thus contributing to proteinuria. When the podocytes converse from epithelial phenotype to mesenchymal phenotype, their migratory capacity significantly increases. Previously, cell migration is conventionally detected by the wound healing assay and the transwell assay. In this study, we investigated and comfirmed the possibility of using single cell motility assay for the anaysis of podocyte motility under high glucose condtition.
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement‐related aortic dissection: A clinical case series
Authors: Hiruma Takashi , Higuchi Ryosuke , Saji Mike , Takamisawa Itaru , Shimokawa Tomoki , Nanasato Mamoru
Published: January 2023

Objectives

We review our experience with 13 periprocedural aortic dissection (AD) cases caused by transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Background

AD is a potentially lethal complication of TAVR; however, only sporadic case reports have been published to date.

Methods

Among 1335 consecutive patients who underwent TAVR in 2013–2021, we retrospectively extracted 13 patients (1.0%) with TAVR‐related AD (Stanford type A in 6 [46%], type B in 7 [54%]). AD was defined as a new‐onset dissected layer of the aortic wall and diagnosed by aortography, computed tomography, or transesophageal echocardiography.

Results

Five of the six type A AD cases (83%) were detected during TAVR versus only one of the seven type B AD cases (14%). Four of the seven type B AD cases (57%) were asymptomatic and incidentally detected on computed tomography. The presumed causes of AD were injury by the delivery sheath (39%), delivery catheter (23%), valve implantation (15%), stent edge (15%), and pre‐dilation balloon (8%). Complicated AD occurred in only one patient (8%). Considering the patient's age and prohibitive surgical risk, all patients were treated conservatively and free of any aortic‐related deaths or interventions during a follow‐up of 1087 days.

Conclusions

TAVR‐related AD is a rare but life‐threatening condition that may be underdiagnosed. Its optimal therapy remains unclear, and conservative management might be an option for selected patients. Further studies are needed to elucidate the incidence, risk factors, effective screening, optimal therapy, and outcomes of TAVR‐related AD.
Methanation of CO2Over Nanostructured Cobalt‐Actinide Bimetallic Oxides
Authors: Ferreira Ana C. , Branco Joaquim B. , Martinho Joana F. , Ferraria Ana M. , Botelho de Rego Ana M. , Ferreira Machado I. , Vieira Ferreira L. F.
Published: January 2023

Nanostructured Cobalt‐Actinide (An=Th, U) bimetallic oxides were for the first time prepared by the epoxide addition method and electrospinning technique aiming the synthesis of aerogels and nanofibers, respectively. Tested as catalysts for the methanation of CO2and regardless of the actinide element, the yield and selectivity towards CH4are high (>40 and 95 %, respectively), which was explained by their physicochemical properties such as reducibility and basicity and the existence of a synergic effect between cobalt and actinide species. The aerogels present the best catalytic behavior, namely those with thorium and the catalytic activity increases with the Co/An molar ratio. Both aerogels and nanofibers also present a high resistance to deactivation for at least 75 h in the gaseous stream, which is an advantage for any catalytic application. Moreover, at 300 °C they are 2 to 4 times more active than two reference catalysts (5wt %Rh/Al2O3and NiO/Al2O3) tested in the same conditions, which to our best knowledge is a significant result.
Diquat Based Dyes: A New Class of Photoredox Catalysts and Their Use in Aerobic Thiocyanation
Authors: Meier Armin , Badalov Sabuhi V. , Biktagirov Timur , Schmidt Wolf Gero , Wilhelm René
Published: January 2023

A series of new organic donor–π–acceptor dyes incorporating a diquat moiety as a novel electron‐acceptor unit have been synthesized and characterized. The analytical data were supported by DFT calculations. These dyes were explored in the aerobic thiocyanation of indoles and pyrroles. Here they showed a high photocatalytic activity under visible light, giving isolated yields of up to 97 %. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of standalone diquat and methyl viologen through formation of an electron donor acceptor complex is presented.
Dioxygen Binding Is Controlled by the Protein Environment in Non‐heme FeII and 2‐Oxoglutarate Oxygenases: A Study on Histone Demethylase PHF8 and an Ethylene‐Forming Enzyme
Authors: Chaturvedi Shobhit S. , Thomas Midhun George , Rifayee Simahudeen Bathir Jaber Sathik , White Walter , Wildey Jon , Warner Cait , Schofield Christopher J. , Hu Jian , Hausinger Robert P. , Karabencheva‐Christova Tatayana G. , Christov Christo Z.
Published: January 2023

This study investigates dioxygen binding and 2‐oxoglutarate (2OG) coordination by two model non‐heme FeII/2OG enzymes: a class 7 histone demethylase (PHF8) that catalyzes the hydroxylation of its H3K9me2 histone substrate leading to demethylation reactivity and the ethylene‐forming enzyme (EFE), which catalyzes two competing reactions of ethylene generation and substrate l‐Arg hydroxylation. Although both enzymes initially bind 2OG by using an off‐line 2OG coordination mode, in PHF8, the substrate oxidation requires a transition to an in‐line mode, whereas EFE is catalytically productive for ethylene production from 2OG in the off‐line mode. We used classical molecular dynamics (MD), quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) MD and QM/MM metadynamics (QM/MM‐MetD) simulations to reveal that it is the dioxygen binding process and, ultimately, the protein environment that control the formation of the in‐line FeIII‐OO⋅− intermediate in PHF8 and the off‐line FeIII‐OO⋅− intermediate in EFE.
The lived experience of adolescent depression: A systematic review and meta‐aggregation
Authors: Twivy Eve , Kirkham Miriam , Cooper Myra
Published: January 2023

Background

The under‐detection of depression in adolescents suggests that a better understanding of its presentation may be needed. Conceptualizations of adolescent depression are largely the same as adult depression, with minimal consideration of developmental stage. Exploration of first‐hand accounts could help to identify any unique features of adolescent depression. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to understand the lived experience of adolescents with depression to inform clinical practice.

Methods

The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020198141). Databases (PsychINFO, CINAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE) were searched in March 2022 to identify peer‐reviewed qualitative studies on first‐hand experiences of adolescent depression. The Joanna Briggs Institute's qualitative data extraction tool and checklist for qualitative research were used to obtain study data and assess methodological quality of included papers. Meta‐aggregation was the method of synthesis, whereby extracted themes from the papers were grouped according to shared meanings.

Results

Fifteen papers of mixed methodological quality were identified for inclusion from screening a total of 1,983 references. Studies were published between 2002 and 2021, spanned seven countries and included participants aged 11 to 22 years old. Aggregation of 56 themes resulted in 16 categories and 3 synthesized findings encompassing key aspects of adolescent depression: causes, symptoms and coping. Variability in adolescents' perspectives across these domains was evident. Some symptoms described, such as social disconnection and anger, are not listed in existing diagnostic criteria.

Conclusions

Subjective experiences of depression among adolescents vary and may not entirely match diagnostic criteria. Awareness of this when assessing for depression may improve detection and help to ensure adolescents feel understood.
The influence of Ni stability, redox, and lattice oxygen capacity on catalytic hydrogen production via methane dry reforming in innovative metal oxide systems
Authors: Abasaeed Ahmed E. , Sofiu Mahmud L. , Acharya Kenit , Osman Ahmed I. , Fakeeha Anis H. , AL‐Otaibi Raja Lafi , Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Al‐Awadi Abdulrhman S. , Bayahia Hossein , Al‐Zahrani Salma A. , Kumar Rawesh , Al‐Fatesh Ahmed Sadeq
Published: January 2023

Finding a robust catalytic system for hydrogen production via dry reforming of methane (DRM) remains a challenge. Herein, MNi0.9Zr1−xYxO3 (M = Ce, La, and La0.6Ce0.4; x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.09) catalyst was prepared by the sol–gel method, tested for DRM and characterized by surface area and porosity, X‐ray diffraction, H2‐temperature programmed reduction, thermogravimetry, and transmission electron microscopy. In La0.6Ce0.4NiO3 catalyst, the substitution of Ni by 0.1% Zr results in a constant high catalytic activity (83% hydrogen yield at 800°C) due to the presence of reducible “NiO‐species interacted strongly with the support” (stable metallic Ni over reduced catalyst) and redox input by ceria phase for laying instant lattice oxygen during lag‐off period of CO2. Substitution of Ni by Zr and Y in the CeNiO3 catalyst system nurtures Ni3Y (providing highly stable metallic Ni for CH4 decomposition) and cerium yttrium oxide phases (providing strong redox input). CeNi0.9Zr0.01Y0.09O3 shows 85% H2 yield at 800°C.
Thermodynamic analysis of a bifacial PV/T‐driven ejector cooling and electrodialysis system for off‐grid sustainable climate refuge in hot‐arid climates
Authors: Niaz Fariha , Bicer Yusuf
Published: January 2023

In hot‐arid climatic regions like Qatar, it is important to facilitate pedestrians' journeys. One way to do so is by providing them with shelters, that is, from a station to their destination building. It is necessary for such shelters to provide on‐site space cooling and freshwater in an off‐grid condition. In this respect, the proposed off‐grid system in this study includes bifacial photovoltaic (BPV) and a solar thermal collector for energy generation with battery and thermal storage units. BPV with an efficiency of 16% can produce power up to about 6.1 kW on the rooftop, which also reduces the cooling load via effective shading. The ejector‐based cooling system is deployed for efficient space cooling in high ambient temperatures (more than 28°C), while for less than 28°C, both fan and water misting systems are operated for the comfort of pedestrians. Finally, an electrodialysis system is integrated to generate freshwater from seawater to be used for drinking and water misting purposes in the off‐grid sustainable shelter. The overall energy and exergy efficiencies of the system are calculated to be 13.2% and 5.29%, respectively. The effects of several parameters are also studied to observe the overall system efficiency and the energy generated and consumed by the system.
Climate change, health and sustainable healthcare: The role of health economics
Authors: Hensher Martin
Published: January 2023

Healthcare systems around the world are responding with increasing urgency to rapidly evolving ecological crises, most notably climate change. This Perspective considers how health economics and health economists can best contribute to protecting health and building sustainable healthcare systems in the face of these challenges.
Association between labor duration in singleton spontaneous vaginal deliveries and offspring neurodevelopment: The Japan Environment and Children's Study
Authors: Murata Tsuyoshi , Yasuda Shun , Kyozuka Hyo , Imaizumi Karin , Isogami Hirotaka , Fukuda Toma , Yamaguchi Akiko , Sato Akiko , Ogata Yuka , Shinoki Kosei , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Yasumura Seiji , Hashimoto Koichi , Fujimori Keiya , Nishigori Hidekazu ,   the Japan Environment and Children's Study Group
Published: January 2023

Synopsis

Labor duration in spontaneous deliveries was associated with offspring neurodevelopmental delays at the age of 3 years depending on maternal parity and offspring sex.
Length of the second stage of labor among women achieving vaginal birth after cesarean
Authors: Levin Gabriel , Tsur Abraham , Tenenbaum Lee , Mor Nizan , Zamir Michal , Meyer Raanan
Published: January 2023

Objective

To characterize the length of the second stage of labor among women completing a first vaginal birth after a cesarean (VBAC), according to the stage of labor during primary cesarean delivery (CD).

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of VBACs between 2011 and 2020. Study groups were divided as follows: CD not in labor, CD in the first stage of labor, and CD in the second stage of labor. The primary outcome was the length of the second stage.

Results

A total of 1310 VBACs were included. The timing of the primary CD was not associated with the duration of the second stage. The median second stage of duration of VBACs with previous first stage CD versus previous CD not in labor was 81 versus 106 min, respectively (P = 0.050). In multivariable linear regression, maternal age, birth weight, and epidural were independently associated with second‐stage length. Maternal and neonatal outcomes did not differ between study groups and were not affected by the second‐stage length.

Conclusion

When stratified according to the labor stage of the primary CD, second‐stage duration among women completing VBACs was not associated with labor stage at the primary CD. Extremes of the second‐stage duration were not associated with increased morbidity.
Online language education recommendation based on personalized learning and edge computing
Authors: Wang Ziling
Published: January 2023

The rapid development of the Internet has promoted the emergence of a large number of learning resources and online education platforms. However, massive resources and learning approaches have also led to the emergence of the information overload dilemma. This paper combines recommendation system and edge computing to implement personalized learning in online language education. First, the language learning resources are disposed from cloud centralized framework to edge‐cloud based framework. Second, the frequent language resources are selected by using a waterfall hybrid recommendation algorithm in which the language resources are roughly filtered by a collaborative filtering and then the roughly filtered resources are further processed by a content based recommendation algorithm to sort according to the similarity score. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed personalized learning strategy.