bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostics of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the First Half of the 19th Century: The Case of Frederic Chopin
Authors: Berezutskyi V.I. , Berezutska M.S.
Published: September 2023

The renowned Polish composer Frédéric Chopin (1810—1849) suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis for most of his life, ultimately succumbing to it at the age of 39. Throughout his life, Chopin received treatment from by prominent European physicians who possessed advanced knowledge and diagnostic methods of their time. The aim of this study was to gain an objective understanding of the capabilities of diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in Europe during the first half of the 19th century, based on a partial reconstruction of Chopin’s medical history. We have studied: the correspondence of Frédéric Chopin and his relatives, the memoirs of his contemporaries, the works of the most authoritative Chopin’s biographers, and treatises on the diagnosis of lung diseases by leading doctors of the first half of the 19th century.It has been established that during that time, the true nature of tuberculosis was not yet understood. Consequently, the ideas in medical science regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease were far from accurate. Chopin’s doctors believed that tuberculosis was linked to a hereditary or acquired predisposition. However, in France the technique and methodology of physical examination (percussion and auscultation) had already reached a high level of refinement. Detailed descriptions of physical signs indicating bronchial obstruction, lung tissue consolidation, and damage were found in medical treatises. Due to various objective and subjective factors, many practicing physicians did not use percussion and auscultation at all, or had insufficient skills in these techniques. Meanwhile, the most advanced European physicians were capable of diagnosing the infiltrative and cavernous forms of tuberculosis, based on a complex of the specific signs revealed during the medical history taking and physical examination.
KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL PUSTAKAWAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PEMUSTAKA
Authors: Yunawati Yuyun , Kania Kurniawati Nia , Dwianna Widyaningtyas Mia
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh korespondensi relasional pembaca terhadap pemenuhan pemustaka di UPT Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. Strategi yang diterapkan dalam eksplorasi ini adalah kuantitatif, yaitu metodologi korelasional yang melibatkan 335 pembaca di UPT Perpustakaan sebagai ujian yang diambil dengan menggunakan strategi ujian yang sesuai. Eksplorasi ini menggunakan pengujian instrumen dan investigasi ekspresif kuantitatif, relaps langsung lugas, dan pengujian teori yang melibatkan pemrograman SPSS for Windows. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa mean insentif pada variabel korespondensi relasional kurator sebesar 49.423 dan pemenuhan klien sebesar 49.078, dengan nilai mean luar biasa sebesar 3.802 untuk korespondensi relasional dan 3.506 untuk pemenuhan klien.Hubungan relasional kurator sangat mempengaruhi pemenuhan klien di UPT Perpustakaan Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. Para analis mengusulkan agar kurator lebih mengembangkan kemampuan relasional, khususnya dalam bidang penerimaan dan keadilan. Selain itu, pengembangan kemampuan relasional lebih lanjut perlu dipertimbangkan mengingat kepuasan pemustaka masih lemah dalam daya tangkap, kualitas, afirmasi dan kasih sayang, yang nilai-nilainya bergerak ke arah rentang bawah.
PERAN KOMUNIKASI DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS KARYAWAN VINDES CORP
Authors: Filtania Melyani , Adiguna Wira
Published: September 2023

Komunikasi organisasi dipahami sebagai jaringan yang dirancang dengan sistem dan proses yang mentransfer informasi dari satu orang/kelompok ke orang lain untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi. Sistem komunikasi yang buruk dapat menghambat kinerja dengan menghambat kelancaran arus informasi mengenai pekerjaan. Komunikasi yang buruk dapat menimbulkan konflik dalam organisasi. Banyaknya perusahaan rintisan atau startup yang mulai berkembang saat ini di Indonesia memiliki komunikasi dan budaya organisasi yang pastinya akan berpengaruh terhadap kreativitas karyawannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peran komunikasi dan budaya organisasi dalam meningkatkan kreativitas Vindes Corp. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan menganalisis artikel di media online dan media sosial Vindes Corp. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui dalam peran komunikasi organisasi penting untuk memilih media yang digunakan komunikator untuk menyampaikan pesannya. Sedangkan budaya organisasi mengutamakan inovasi dan kreativitas di antara anggotanya. Budaya organisasi memberikan keleluasaan bagi anggotanya untuk mengembangkan potensi yang ada sejalan dengan nilai dan norma yang berlaku dalam organisasi. Perpaduan antara budaya organisasi dan komunikasi organisasi menimbulkan rasa keterlibatan anggota dalam menjaga kelangsungan organisasi.
Effect of phosphorus fertilization on phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in Galanthus elwesii Hook.
Authors: BATI AY Ebru , KARA Şevket Metin , AÇIKGÖZ Muhammed Akif
Published: September 2023

Snowdrop is a genus of high medicinal value with alkaloids such as galantamine, and lycorine of the Amaryllidaceae family. The present study was conducted to have an effect on the effects of phosphorus (P) treatment on antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in Galanthus elwesii Hook. The plants were exposed to different concentrations of P ( 0, 3, 6, and 12 kg da-1). The study was carried out in the 2018-2019 growing season. G. elwesii were harvested based on different growing stages (flowering and fruit ripening). In this study, the bulb and roots of the plant were used. Total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity were determined in harvested bulb and roots. The highest TPC was detected as 358.36 mg GAE/g in the flowering period of the plant, and the lowest TPC determined as 80.13 mg GAE/g in the fruit ripening period in the treatment P 6 kg da-1. The highest TFC was detected as 108.07 mg QE/g with the flowering period of the plant, and the lowest TFC was determined as 52.33 mg QE/g in the fruit ripening period in the treatment P 6 kg da-1. The main phenolic component of G. elwesii was determined to be gallic acid (GA). In antioxidant activity, while the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity (72.30%) was in the flowering period in the treatment P 6 kg da-1, the highest ferrous ions chelating activity (66.77%) was detected in the fruit ripening period in the treatment P 6 kg da-1. As a result, it was determined that TPC, TFC and DPPH activity in G. elwesii of flowering period ˃fruit ripening period.
Propiedades del CP-QOL-PCQ para medir calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en niños, niñas y adolescentes con parálisis cerebral en Argentina
Authors: Berra Silvina , Herrera Sterren Natalia , Sánchez Rosas Javier
Published: September 2023

Introducción: El impacto de la parálisis cerebral (PC) en la calidad de vida exige la incorporación de valoraciones subjetivas de la salud, el estado funcional y el bienestar. Una medida de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) específica para PC es el cuestionario australiano CP-QOL, cuya versión para cuidadores (PCQ) fue adaptada en Argentina. Este estudio se propuso lograr la estructura final y evaluar la fiabilidad y validez del CP-QOL-PCQ para población infantil y adolescente argentina.
Métodos: Participaron 100 cuidadores de personas de 3 a 24 años con diagnóstico de PC de Argentina. Además del CP-QOL-PCQ se aplicó el cuestionario KIDSCREEN-27. Se realizaron análisis de distribuciones de respuesta de todos los ítems, correlaciones inter-ítems y consistencia interna de las escalas mediante el alfa de Cronbach. Se probó la validez convergente del instrumento mediante la correlación con escalas de similar contenido del KIDSCREEN y mediante hipótesis a priori en grupos de diferente edad y afectación de la funcionalidad.
Resultados: Se logró una estructura final del CP-QOL-PCQ con 8 escalas multidimensionales, con satisfactorias correlaciones inter-ítems satisfactorias (>0.30) y consistencia interna (>0.70). Se obtuvieron correlaciones moderadas y altas (r>0.30) entre dimensiones similares del CP-QOL-PCQ y del KIDSCREEN con conceptos similares. Se confirmaron mayores puntuaciones de CVRS a menor edad y a menor nivel de afectación funcional (d de Cohen >0,20).
Conclusión: Este trabajo aporta evidencias de fiabilidad y validez esperables para un instrumento de medición de la CVRS que puede ser implementado en población infantil y adolescente argentina con PC.
IMPLEMENTASI KEGIATAN PROJEK PENGUATAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KETERAMPILAN ABAD 21 DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA AL-FALAH DELTASARI SIDOARJO
Authors: Nisa' Zakiyatul , Sholiha Alfiatus , Soraya Irma , Hamdani Asep Saepul
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini berangkat dari fenomena Pendidikan yang ingin mengembangkan keterampilan belajar dengan cara memberikan pelajaran Pancasila serta untuk mengetahui perencanaan, proses, evaluasi kegiatan projek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila dalam mengembangkan keterampilan abad 21. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif berkarakter deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yakni wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah nonprobability sampling dengan teknik yang diambil yaitu Sampling purposive dan Snowball Sampling Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data lalu penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun Informan kunci dalam penelitian ini adalah guru PAI, sedangkan data lain yang mendukung didapatkan melalui informan tambahan yaitu, waka kurikulum, guru penggerak, dan peserta didik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran abad 21 sebagai jembatannya melalui pembelajaran projek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila. Konsep profil pelajar Pancasila terdapat pembelajaran yang dibutuhkan di era pembelajaran Abad 21 yang biasa disebut 4C Creatifity, Critikal thingking, Communication, Collaboration. Dengan adanya pembelajaran projek profil pelajar Pancasila, siswa akan menambah wawasan skill kebaharuan untuk dunia yang di hadapi di masa depan. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah para guru khususnya guru yang mengajar mata pelajaran Pancasila atau istilah lainnya untuk lebih lagi menanamkan rasa cinta tanah air dan pancasilais yang kemudian berefek kepada pengembangan bakat dan keterampilan siswa dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran di sekolah.
Yakınsama Hipotezinin Test Edilmesi: E7 Ülkelerinden Ampirik Kanıtlar
Authors: ERYER Ayşe
Published: September 2023

Solow tarafından literatüre kazandırılan Neoklasik büyüme modelinin temel varsayımlarından olan yakınsama hipotezi, ekonomik büyüme literatürün en temel konularından birini oluşturmaktadır. Bu hipotez, sermayenin azalan verimliliği ve teknolojinin giderek yayılması gibi nedenlerden dolayı zamanla düşük gelir seviyesine sahip olan ülkelerin gelir seviyesi yüksek olan ülkelere yakınsayacağını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı E-7 ülkeleri için 1990-2021 dönemini kapsayan kişi başı gelir düzeyi verileri kullanılarak yakınsama hipotezinin geçerliliğini Yatay Kesit Genişletilmiş Im, Pesaran ve Shin (CIPS) panel birim kök testi ile analiz etmektir. Yapılan testlerin soncunda ise E-7 ülkelerinde yakınsamanın geçerli olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu sonuç E-7 ülke grubundaki geliri düşük olan ülkelerin uzun dönemde grupta yer alan diğer ülkeleri yakalayacağını göstermektedir.
Monitoring the Mind: Neuromonitoring as a Window to Consciousness
Authors: Johnson Danny
Published: September 2023

Monitoring the Mind: Neuromonitoring as a Window to Consciousness
MULTI-ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN COLIFORMS ISOLATED FROM AIR, WATER AND TABLES OF RURAL HOUSEHOLD KITCHENS
Authors: Usiwo Sonia , Aideloje Peter
Published: September 2023

The upsurge in foodborne illnesses in many countries has been linked tohouseholds which often harbor potential pathogens. Many of these foodborneinfections are becoming difficult to treat due to antibiotic resistant microorganismswhich could have been transmitted into food from kitchens. The study is aimed atisolating coliforms present in rural household kitchens and determine the MultipleAntibiotic Resistance profile of the coliforms. Samples were collected from tenkitchens. The samples of water were collected in sterile universal containers, airsamples were collected by exposure of sterile nutrient agar plates to kitchen airand the table samples by swabbing with swab sticks. The Most Probable Numberand growth on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar was used in counting andidentifying the coliforms. The antibiotic resistance was determined using antibioticsensitivity test. The coliforms isolated from the kitchen samples wereEnterobacter sp., Citrobacter sp., Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. They werefound to be present in all the samples except Enterobacter sp. Which was notpresent in the air samples. Klebsiella sp. was found to be the most prevalentoccurring in 36.8% of the samples. The organisms exhibited varying degrees ofantibiotic resistance with Klebsiella sp. having the highest MAR index of 0.8. ahigh percentage (82%) of the isolates were resistant to more than one of theconventional antibiotics so exhibited multi-antibiotic resistance ranging between0.2 - 0.8. The microbial population were quite high ranging from 1.0 X 104 – 5.0 X104 CFU/ml; 1.5 X 104 – 7.0 X 104 (CFU/cm2) and 1.4 X 104 – 7.1 X 104 (CFU/cm2)for water, air and table respectively. Kitchens of rural households harbor a numberif coliforms exhibiting varying degrees of multi-antibiotics resistance.
Knowledge Transfer in Machine Learning, Adaptive Learning with Pretrained Models
Authors: KARL LETHO , Potter Kaledio
Published: September 2023

Transfer learning and pre-trained models have revolutionized the field of deep learning, enabling thedevelopment of highly accurate and efficient machine learning systems, even when faced with limiteddata and computational resources. These techniques have been pivotal in the success of variousapplications, from image recognition to natural language processing. In this article, we will delve into thefundamentals of transfer learning and pre-trained models, exploring their significance and impact in theworld of artificial intelligence. The Essence of Transfer LearningAt its core, transfer learning is a machine learning technique that leverages knowledge gained from onetask to improve the performance of another related task. Think of it as the process of transferringknowledge from a source domain to a target domain. In traditional machine learning, models are trainedfrom scratch for each specific task. Transfer learning, on the other hand, takes a different approach—itcapitalizes on the idea that what a model learns from one task can be beneficially applied to a differentbut related task
Navigating Neurological Disorders: A Comprehensive Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Lulwani Mumta
Published: September 2023

Navigating Neurological Disorders: A Comprehensive Guide to DiagnosisandTreatment
POLR2K is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data )4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that RNA polymerase II, I and III subunit K, encoded by POLR2K, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. POLR2K mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of POLR2K in primary tumors was correlated with overall, distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival in human breast cancer. Modulation of POLR2K expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
A low-cost, open-source virtual air hockey table for human motion applications
Authors: Bianco Michael , Mahoney Joseph Michael
Published: September 2023

This paper details the design, construction, and validation of a virtual air hockey table intended as a low-cost motion capture solution with potential entertainment and research applications through reliance on open-source software (e.g., Linux, Blender, GIMP, and Panda3D) and off-the-shelf hardware (e.g., rotary potentiometers, Arduino microcontroller, and LCD projector). In its current configuration, a subject attempts to hit a virtual puck onto a predetermined goal by means of a physical mallet comprised of a three-bar mechanism with potentiometers at its joints. The mallet-puck collision detection is performed in near-real time and the puck's initial velocity is calculated using finite difference method. Puck motion, including wall and obstacle collisions, is calculated using the Euler method. An example use case is provided wherein the device was used for a motor control study of inter-trial variation in skilled task performance.
Registered Replication Report and Extension of Maas & Hox (2005), Sufficient Sample Sizes for Multilevel Models
Authors: Guassi Moreira Joao F , Block Jared , Cruz Alondra M. , Enders Craig K. , Montoya Amanda Kay
Published: September 2023

The use of multilevel models in behavioral and social sciences has risen dramatically in the past several decades. Researchers using these models often consult highly-referenced simulation studies when designing their own studies, especially for sample-size planning.However, current literature suggests two issues with this practice. First, recent efforts to replicate findings from seminal simulation studies suggest the rate of replicability is far from ideal (Luijken et al., 2024). Second, researchers are now using more complex models but foundational simulation studies were conducted under much simpler conditions. To address these two issues, we propose a replication and extension of Maas & Hox (2005), a widely cited study that recommended Level-2 sample sizes of N = 50 to be sufficient under specific conditions. We replicate their core findings and propose several extensions based on a literature search of multilevel modeling practices employed in fifty recent studies.These extensions include examining conditions with imbalanced data across higher-level units, varying the number of random slopes and cross-level interactions, and varying effect sizes. These results could ensure the existing literature relies on a replicable simulation study while also informing multilevel study planning for complex models which are becoming increasingly popular in behavioral and social sciences.
The softmax function: Properties, motivation, and interpretation
Authors: Franke Michael , Degen Judith
Published: September 2023

The softmax function is a ubiquitous helper function, frequently used as a probabilistic link function for unordered categorical data, in different kinds of models, such as regression, artificial neural networks, or probabilistic cognitive models. To fully understand the models in which the softmax function occurs, different levels of understanding of the softmax function itself are necessary. For input-output oriented models, like regression or neural network models, mathematical properties are crucial. For models with interpretable and meaningful internal representations like probabilistic cognitive models, we also require a thorough conceptual understanding of the motivation for using the softmax function (instead of something else). This tutorial provides an in- depth exposition of the informal, mathematical and conceptual properties of the softmax function. It also provides two mathematical derivations (as a stochastic choice model, and as maximum entropy distribution), together with three conceptual interpretations that can serve as rationale for using the softmax function in models that require explainability of modeling choices.
A Simulation Study Comparing the Use of Supervised Machine Learning Variable Selection Methods in the Psychological Sciences
Authors: Bain Catherine , Shi Dingjing , Boness Cassandra L. , Loeffelman Jordan
Published: September 2023

When specifying a predictive model for classification, variable selection (or subset selection) is one of the most important steps for researchers to consider. Reducing the necessary number of variables in a prediction model is vital for many reasons, including reducing the burden of data collection and increasing model efficiency and generalizability. The pool of variable selection methods from which to choose is large, and researchers often struggle to identify which method they should use given the specific features of their data set. Yet, there is a scarcity of literature available to guide researchers in their choice; the literature centers on comparing different implementations of a given method rather than comparing different methodologies under varying data features. Through the implementation of a large-scale Monte Carlo simulation and the application to one empirical dataset we evaluated the prediction error rates, area under the receiver operating curve, number of variables selected, computation times, and true positive rates of five different variable selection methods using R under varying parameterizations (i.e., default vs. grid tuning): the genetic algorithm (ga), LASSO (glmnet), Elastic Net (glmnet), Support Vector Machines (svmfs), and random forest (Boruta). Performance measures did not converge upon a single best method; as such, researchers should guide their method selection based on what measure of performance they deem most important. Results did show that the SVM approach performed worst and researchers are advised to use other methods. LASSO and Elastic Net performed well in most conditions, but researchers may face non-convergence problems if these methods are chosen. Random forest performed well across simulation conditions. Based on our study, the genetic algorithm is the most widely applicable method, exhibiting minimum error rates in hold-out samples when compared to other variable selection methods.
Are Cultural Tastes Always Socially Stratified? Evidence from Library Borrowing for the Entire Population of Denmark
Authors: Blaabæk Ea Hoppe , Friedman Sam , Jæger Mads Meier , Reeves Aaron
Published: September 2023

Are cultural tastes always socially stratified? We approach this question via a least likely case and context: library borrowing in Denmark. Here, libraries are free, easy to access, and a core public service. We use new registry data on library borrowing for the entire population of Denmark to map the social stratification of library borrowing in unprecedented detail (e.g., overall library use and the taste for highbrow, popular, and award-winning books). We address four dimensions of stratification: wealth, education, income, and occupation. Empirical results document substantial social stratification in library borrowing and literary tastes by wealth and education, but not by income and occupation. These results suggest that the social stratification of cultural tastes is ubiquitous, even in a least likely case (library borrowing) and context (Denmark). We suggest that, while taste always seems to be stratified, the nature of that stratification is contingent on the nature of the wider inequalities within a given context. We address the theoretical implications of our findings for the sociology of taste, including the role of social stratification and contexts in shaping patterns of cultural stratification.
Effectiveness of Digital Payments in the Performance of Nepalese Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)
Authors: Bhattarai Birat , Shrestha Riya , Maharjan Sejal , Malla Shristina , Shakya Saksham
Published: September 2023

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of digital payments on the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Nepal. The research is based on a survey of 118 MSMEs within the Kathmandu Valley. Correlation, regression analysis, and ANOVA were used to analyze the data and draw conclusions. The findings indicate that the frequency of use of digital payments, perceived usefulness, perceived security, and ease in making payments to suppliers/creditors have a significant impact on the firm's performance. However, digital literacy and ease in accepting payments from customers/debtors do not have a significant influence on firm performance. This finding contradicts previous research conducted in different contexts and suggests that being digitally literate does not necessarily translate into the use of digital payments for business transactions. The study highlights the importance of understanding the usage of digital payments across different types of enterprises, such as MSMEs, and calls for further research to explore this topic using secondary data. Additionally, the study suggests that future research should expand beyond the Kathmandu Valley to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the topic.
COVID-19 and Digitization of SMEs: The Impact and Way Forward
Authors: Ghimire Aarashi , Jaiswal Bikash , Shrestha Jasmine , Shrestha Kripa , Shrestha Souhard
Published: September 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought significant changes to the global economy, particularly in terms of digitization. This study aims to examine the role of digitization in helping small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) survive during the pandemic in Nepal and assess its sustainability for the future. The sample for this study consists of 52 SMEs from various industries such as clothing, food, and retail businesses. A quantitative research approach is employed to analyze the data. The findings of this study indicate that there was little to no change in the adoption of digitalization among SMEs before and after the crisis. This suggests that the level of digitization in SMEs remains relatively unchanged in the post-Covid-19 period. However, in terms of sustainability, the study reveals that SMEs need to undergo digital transformation to ensure their long-term viability. This finding aligns with previous research that emphasizes the importance of digital technologies for SMEs in emerging markets.

The literature review supports the notion that social media advertising can increase brand loyalty and provide opportunities for direct interaction with potential customers. Additionally, studies have shown that social media influencers have a positive impact on the buying decision process of customers. Furthermore, research has demonstrated that social media marketing influences consumer decision-making processes.

It underscores the potential benefits of digitization in terms of survival and sustainability. The findings suggest that SMEs should prioritize digitalization efforts to adapt to the changing business landscape and enhance their competitiveness.

In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of digitization for SMEs in Nepal, particularly in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. The findings indicate the need for SMEs to embrace digital transformation to ensure their long-term viability.
Niekonstytucyjność embriopatologicznej przesłanki przerywania ciąży oraz jej prawnokarne konsekwencje
Authors: Kania-Chramęga Agnieszka
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this article is to point out not only the essence of the embryopathological premise of abortion – that has been deemed unconstitutional (pursuant to the Polish law) – but also the criminal law consequences of its repeal. The abolition of the abortion compromise, which took place by virtue of the judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 22 October 2020, K 1/20, OTK-A 2021, item 4, prompted the presentation of doubts of both constitutional and strictly interpretative nature that have occurred over the years in the interpretation of the said premise. When considering the criminal law consequences of the aforementioned judgement, it was pointed out that the compliance with the nullum crimen sine lege principle does not allow to determine that the said judgement has led to change in the current scope of the criminalisation of abortion. The conviction was also stated de lege ferenda that any attempts at modifying the abortion law require an in-depth discussion and well-thought-out legislative actions.
Emotional Intelligence and Employee Performance: A Study of Teachers in Secondary Schools in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Abeyi Otor Juliet , P. T. Jato Terungwa
Published: September 2023

The study's goal was to look into the impact of emotional intelligence on teacher performance in secondary schools in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. The study was based on the theory of emotional intelligence as propounded by Daniel Goleman in 2002. It adopted a descriptive survey research design. The sample comprises 160 secondary school teachers and administrators from 15 schools. A structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant data. Descriptive and regression analyses were used in the analysis. The paper's theoretical review is based on Goleman's works (2002). Four emotional intelligence constructs (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship management) were used, as were the study's objectives. The findings revealed a link between emotional intelligence and secondary school teachers’ performance. It is recommended, among other things, that the concept of emotional intelligence be clearly inculcated in the recruitment and selection criteria of secondary school teachers.
Establishing cut-offs for the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for people living with chronic pain
Authors: Bishay Freddy , Tippin Gregory K. , Fransson Adria , Hapidou Eleni G.
Published: September 2023

LAY SUMMARY

Cut-offs were established for the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) by examining it with other clinical measures in 189 patients, including 69 Veterans, who attended a four-week interdisciplinary chronic pain management program. By dividing the PSEQ scores into low, medium, and high ranges, the authors examined the PSEQ’s association with fear of movement/re-injury (kinesiophobia), pain interference, and pain catastrophizing at admission and discharge from the program. Kinesiophobia was found to be most related to the proposed cut-offs. Findings support the use of PSEQ cut-offs when considering self-efficacy and kinesiophobia. Future research should evaluate these cut-offs with larger samples and functional/occupational measures. The findings show promise for individuals with chronic pain and continue to increase the understanding of the clinicians who work with these individuals.
Representation of culinary and gastronomic code of modern culture in demotivators: linguistic and cultural aspect
Authors: Dimitrieva Olga Albertovna , Andreeva Diana Vladimirovna
Published: September 2023

Culinary and gastronomic code of modern culture, represented in a polymodal text, namely in demotivators, is of particular interest from the point of view of axiological perspective. The relevance of this topic is connected with the study of the creolized text and the ways of explication of modern values in the verbal and visual components of the demotivator. The material for the study is demotivators of culinary and gastronomic topics that are freely available on the Internet. A distinctive feature is a verbal / non-verbal indication, firstly, of the cultural component of the region; secondly, of the way of representing professional activity or any distinctive character trait. The main method is a comprehensive analysis of a demotivator. “Tradition – innovation” dichotomy is realized in demotivators. If the verbal component of the demotivator contains an indication of a foreign dish, then the visual component includes typical, traditional dishes for a particular culture. Conversely, traditional names of dishes or food products receive an “innovative” interpretation. Professional activity is a distinctive feature in the design of the dish, the method of cooking and the contents. There is an appeal not only to the background knowledge about the stereotypes of the professional sphere and nutrition practices, but also to the general cultural background.
Ethnic archetypes in the first Sami novel “Alkhalalalai” by N. Bolshakova
Authors: Emashev Andrey Andreevich , Bakula Viktoria Borisovna
Published: September 2023

The article is a continuation of the research on the mythopoetics of the first Sami novel “Alkhalalalai”, written by N. Bolshakova. The authors aim to identify ethnic archetypes that have found expression in the work. The material for the analysis was the novel and some of the ethical archetypes in it. The study is based on a theoretical analysis of research in the field of a number of humanities, in particular, anthropology and cultural studies, mythology and folklore, literary studies, and ethnography; synthesis of the obtained data, methods of mythopoetic and linguoculturological analyses, comparative typological method. As a result of the study, the authors were able to identify and characterize ethnic archetypes that reflect the values and experience of a particular ethnic group. In the Sami literature, the appeal to the archaic is clearly expressed, which is explained by the comparative youth of the existence of the Sami written culture. The age-old oral traditions that form the basis of modern Sami literature provide a message of the past and present in the culture of the northern people. The study of the mythopoetics of the novel by N. Bolshakova from the point of view of ethnic archetypes was carried out for the first time, which is the novelty of the work. The archetypism of the work of ethnic writers helps to build a model of the world of the indigenous people of the North, to determine the specifics of national literature.
Adjustable voltage multiplier based on high-frequency magnetic amplifiers
Authors: Yaskiv V. I. , Yaskiv A. V.
Published: September 2023

The proposed method of designing of voltage multipliers, which is based on the use of voltage regulators based on high-frequency magnetic amplifiers is describes in the article . The principle of operation of the regulator is described. The topology of the stabilized voltage multiplier is given.
Analysis of the main provisions of the theory of parallel-hierarchical transformations
Authors: Tymchenko L. , Stetsenko O. , Kokryatskay N. , Kaplun V. , Dubova N.
Published: September 2023

The article presents an analysis of the main principles of parallel-hierarchical transformations theory. The continuous movement of society towards the automation of everyday life requires the creation of fundamentally new software and hardware solutions. Considering the current physical limitations of integrated circuits, it is evident that improving software processing is the way to go. The main problem lies in the increasing complexity of architecture and supporting such code. The ideas of parallel-hierarchical networks allow for a significant increase in processing speed through process parallelization while maintaining the relative simplicity of the software solution's architecture. The proposed structure of the parallel-hierarchical network allows for modelling the operation principle of a distributed neural network and forms a deterministic network using spatial-temporal division. The general rules of direct and inverse parallel-hierarchical transformation and their application to image recognition tasks are discussed. A block diagram of the algorithm for the basic model of nonlinear direct network transformation is shown. A mathematical model of direct parallel-hierarchical transformation is presented using an example. Compared to known numerical transformation methods involving simple operations like addition, the model enables complex functional signal processing in real-time scale, as well as unambiguity and reversibility with good convergence of the computational process.
Evaluation of image classification for transfer learning in convolutional neural networks
Authors: Mamuta M. S. , Kravchenko I. V. , Mamuta O. D. , Tuzhansky S. E.
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The article provides an overview of the main neural networks used for image classification tasks. Their main advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The peculiarities of transfer learning for classification are analyzed. The effectiveness of transfer learning when using the basic networks of the Keras library is examined
The effects of gamified instructional material on learners’ perceived motivation and academic achievement
Authors: KALAY Abdullah , ARIKAN Yüksel Deniz
Published: September 2023

Since motivation is known to be a critical factor, approaches, methods, techniques, and materials that would affect motivation positively are utilized in learning and teaching processes. Gamification is used by including game components into teaching processes to enhance students’ motivation, attract their attention to the lesson and boost academic achievement. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of using gamified materials in the instruction of electronic spreadsheet programs on learners’ perceived motivation, academic achievement, and opinions regarding the gamified teaching material. The study was conducted using triangulation in the explanatory sequential design combining qualitative and quantitative research methods. In the fall semester of 2021-2022, the participants consisted of 90 undergraduate students attending the Faculty of Education of a university in Türkiye. Data collection was conducted through personal information forms, instructional materials motivation survey, electronic spreadsheet program achievement test, opinion survey and system records. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, repeated measures analysis of variance and descriptive analyses. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in terms of motivation and academic achievement between the experimental group (using gamified materials) and control group (using videos). It was also seen that the students in the experimental group generally held positive opinions about gamified teaching materials.
МОНІТОРИНГ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЯКОСТІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ОСВІТИ ПЕДАГОГІВ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ
Authors: ЛАЗАРЕНКО НАТАЛІЯ , ВІЗНЮК ІНЕССА
Published: September 2023

У статті розкрито поняття та процедуру моніторингу якості професійної компетентності педагогічних працівників ЗВО, який являє собою цілісний управлінський інструмент зберігання, обробки й поширення інформації щодо якості професійної діяльності педагогів вищої школи та визначення її стану розвитку й спрогнозування в контексті розробки методики його проведення. Зазначено, що моніторинг обумовлений вмотивованістю, за специфічністю якої викладач сам зацікавлений в об’єктивній та незалежній оцінці своєї праці, пошуку нових технологій, визначенні шляху власного професійного зростання, відвідуванні відкритих занять своїх колег і проходження курсів підвищення професійної кваліфікації.

Представлено «факторно-критеріальну субмодель професійної діяльності педагогічного працівника ЗВО», параметрами якої є розвиток професійної компетентності педагогічних працівників як якості діяльності викладачів та рівня її організації. Перераховані фактори обґрунтовано відповідно до критеріїв, виділених шляхом логічного аналізу організації професійної діяльності педагогічних працівників та відповідності нормативним документам закладів вищої освіти.

Організація моніторингу щодо визначення діагностики педагогічної діяльності та аналізу результативності очікуваних показників якості освіти за зазначеними показниками слугує дієвим чинником професійного зросту педагога. Для проведення моніторингу потрібен функціональний розподіл обов’язків (алгоритм дій) згідно організаційної процедури.

Представлено класифікацію за процедурою оцінки моніторингу залежно від п’яти рівнів системи забезпечення якості вищої освіти. Здійснення моніторингу задоволеності професійною діяльністю педагогів ЗВО в контексті забезпечення і впровадження розробленої факторно-критеріальної моделі дозволяє відслідкувати динаміку показників щодо задоволення персоналу результативністю власних досягнень, які сприяють підвищенню рівня якості професійної освіти викладачів.
INTRODUCING ACTIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING TECHNIQUES INTO A VIRTUAL CLASSROOM: REFLECTION ON THE AMERICAN PRACTICES
Authors: MARTYNYUK OLENA , ORLOVSKA OLHA
Published: September 2023

The paper considers American active learning (AL) practices that can be used in a virtual language learning classroom in Ukrainian higher education institutions to encourage students’ engagement, collaboration and evaluate their performance. The authors study the concept of AL, its main techniques and peculiarities of application; outline technologies and tools that have the potential to influence active language learning (ALL) in a virtual classroom; define the techniques that can be used to promote ALL in a virtual classroom (polls and surveys, discussions and forums, case studies, interactive lectures, simulations and games, collaborative projects, personalized learning).

Particular attention is paid to online AL strategies applied by Columbia University and Cornell University (USA). Here belong Online Polling, Think-Pair-Share, a Minute Paper, Small Group Discussion and Short Student Presentation strategies, each of them requiring appropriate online learning platforms, services and tools for its effective implementation. They include Zoom videoconferencing platform with its breakout rooms, polling, screen sharing, whiteboard and nonverbal feedback features, Poll Everywhere, CourseWorks Quiz, Canvas Quiz features, collaborative online tools such as LionMail (Google) Docs, Sheets, Slides, etc. Another important issue considered in the paper is assessment and evaluation of students’ progress in AL.

Assessment techniques used in Cornell University comprise Grading Rubrics, plagiarism detection, self-assessment, peer assessment, surveys and classroom polling. In this context, Canvas Rubrics, Canvas Assignments, FeedbackFruits, Gradescope, Qualtrics, Turnitin can be used as effective assessment tools. The authors conclude that the main advantages of ALL are its flexibility, collaborative learning opportunities, customization options, access to online resources while its challenges involve lack of face-to-face interaction, technical difficulties, high pricing plans for some online services and tools, variety of distractions such as social media, email, or other online activities, and limited learning environment.
Religiöse Sinndimensionen unter Fans: Fußball als gelebte Religion
Authors: Probst Hans-Ulrich
Published: September 2023

Nur die schönste Nebensache der Welt oder doch schon Religion? Die Rede von der Fußballreligion ist keine Seltenheit. In diesem Beitrag wird dafür argumentiert, dass die Rede von Fußball als Religion nur dann plausibel ist, wenn hierzu religionstheoretische Reflektionen angestellt werden, die über ein intuitives Alltagsverständnis von Religion hinausgehen. Dafür wird die Perspektive der kulturhermeneutisch arbeitenden empirischen Religionsforschung vorgestellt und deren Programm zur Untersuchung von gelebter Religion ausgebreitet. In Aufnahme von kultur- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Methoden wird gelebte Religion in religiösen Erfahrungsdimensionen sowie der Sinndeutung von Leben und Welt verortet. Der Artikel greift dafür auf Datenmaterial aus einer langfristigen ethnographischen und lebensweltanalytischen Untersuchung zurück und zeigt in unterschiedlichen Einzelmomenten, wie diese Form der Lebensdeutung unter Fans kommuniziert wird. Dabei werden Beispiele der Biographiekonstruktion ebenso dargelegt wie die Auseinandersetzung mit Todesfällen unter Fans. Die Deutung geschieht, so die hier verfolgte Annahme, aus einem fankulturellen Symbolsystem, das aus fußballbezogenen Erfahrungen der Fans entsteht.
Long-Tail Theory Under Gaussian Mixtures
Authors: Bolatov Arman , Tezekbayev Maxat , Melnykov Igor , Pak Artur , Nikoulina Vassilina , Assylbekov Zhenisbek
Published: September 2023

We suggest a simple Gaussian mixture model for data generation that complies with Feldman’s long tail theory (2020). We demonstrate that a linear classifier cannot decrease the generalization error below a certain level in the proposed model, whereas a nonlinear classifier with a memorization capacity can. This confirms that for long-tailed distributions, rare training examples must be considered for optimal generalization to new data. Finally, we show that the performance gap between linear and nonlinear models can be lessened as the tail becomes shorter in the subpopulation frequency distribution, as confirmed by experiments on synthetic and real data.
From Intermediate Representations to Explanations: Exploring Hierarchical Structures in NLP
Authors: Babiker Housam K.B. , Kim Mi-Young , Goebel Randy
Published: September 2023

Interpretation methods for learned models used in natural language processing (NLP) applications usually provide support for local (specific) explanations, such as quantifying the contribution of each word to the predicted class. But they typically ignore the potential interaction amongst those word tokens. Unlike currently popular methods, we propose a deep model which uses feature attribution and identification of dependencies to support the learning of interpretable representations that will support creation of hierarchical explanations. In addition, hierarchical explanations provide a basis for visualizing how words and phrases are combined at different levels of abstraction, which enables end-users to better understand the prediction process of a deep network. Our study uses multiple well-known datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, and provides both automatic and human evaluation.
Partial Compilation of SAT Using Selective Backbones
Authors: Balogh Andrea , Escamocher Guillaume , O’Sullivan Barry
Published: September 2023

Our goal in this paper is to significantly decrease the compiled size of a given Boolean instance with a large representation, while preserving as much information about the instance as possible. We achieve this by assigning values to a subset of the variables in such a way that the resulting instance has a much smaller representation than the original one, and its number of solutions is almost as high as the starting one. We call the set of variable instantiations that we make the selective backbone of the solutions that we keep. Large selective backbones allow for smaller representations, but also eliminate more solutions. We compare different methods of computing the selective backbone that offer the best compromise.
No Agreement Without Loss: Learning and Social Choice in Peer Review
Authors: Barceló Pablo , Duarte Mauricio , Rojas Cristobal , Steifer Tomasz
Published: September 2023

In peer review systems, reviewers are often asked to evaluate various features of submissions, such as technical quality or novelty. A score is given to each of the predefined features and based on these the reviewer has to provide an overall quantitative recommendation. It may be assumed that each reviewer has her own mapping from the set of features to a recommendation, and that different reviewers have different mappings in mind. This introduces an element of arbitrariness known as commensuration bias. In this paper we discuss a framework, introduced by Noothigattu, Shah and Procaccia, and then applied by the organizers of the AAAI 2022 conference. Noothigattu, Shah and Procaccia proposed to aggregate reviewer’s mapping by minimizing certain loss functions, and studied axiomatic properties of this approach, in the sense of social choice theory. We challenge several of the results and assumptions used in their work and report a number of negative results. On the one hand, we study a trade-off between some of the axioms proposed and the ability of the method to properly capture agreements of the majority of reviewers. On the other hand, we show that dropping a certain unrealistic assumption has dramatic effects, including causing the method to be discontinuous.