bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Motion Capture Algorithm Based on Inertial Sensors
Authors: Chen Pengzhan , Kuang Ye , Li Jie
Published: November 2016

On the basis of inertial navigation, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the human body kinematics principle. From the direction of two characteristic parameters, namely, displacement and movement angle, we calculated the attitude of a node during the human motion capture process by combining complementary and Kalman filters. Then, we evaluated the performance of the proposed attitude strategy by selecting different platforms as the validation object. Results show that the proposed strategy for the real-time tracking of the human motion process has higher accuracy than the traditional strategy.
Efficient Multivariable Generalized Predictive Control for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle in Vertical Plane
Authors: Yao Xuliang , Yang Guangyi
Published: November 2016

This paper presents the design and simulation validation of a multivariable GPC (generalized predictive control) for AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle) in vertical plane. This control approach has been designed in the case of AUV navigating with low speed near water surface, in order to restrain wave disturbance effectively and improve pitch and heave motion stability. The proposed controller guarantees compliance with rudder manipulation, AUV output constraints, and driving energy consumption. Performance index based on pitch stabilizing performance, energy consumption, and system constraints is used to derive the control action applied for each time step. In order to deal with constrained optimization problems, a Hildreth’s QP procedure is adopted. Simulation results of AUV longitudinal control show better stabilizing performance and minimized energy consumption improved by multivariable GPC.
Timing and Outcomes of Vitreoretinal Surgery after Traumatic Retinal Detachment
Authors: Orban Molly , Islam Yasmin Florence Khodeja , Haddock Luis J.
Published: November 2016

Traumatic retinal detachments are a significant cause of morbidity. There are currently no evidence-based guidelines on the appropriate time to perform vitreoretinal surgery to repair a traumatic retinal detachment. Early intervention, within seven days of the inciting trauma, may decrease proliferative vitreoretinopathy and postoperative endophthalmitis. Later intervention may yield a reduced risk of inflammation and hemorrhage, particularly in cases of concomitant open globe injuries. This article reviews the literature on the management of retinal detachments associated with ocular trauma from the years 2006 to 2016. Particular focus was placed on the timing of surgery, concomitant open globe injury, anatomical success rates, visual acuity, and complication rates. In this review, anatomical success was not significantly related to timing of intervention when compared between early and delayed intervention in eyes with and without concomitant open globe injuries. Visual acuities postoperatively varied widely despite timing of intervention due to the large variation in mechanism and extent of ocular injuries. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy was a common complication. Preliminary data indicate that endophthalmitis rates may be lower when early vitreoretinal surgery is performed. There is insufficient data to conclude whether early or delayed surgery leads to improved outcomes, highlighting the need for further research in this domain.
Calycosin and Formononetin Induce Endothelium‐Dependent Vasodilation by the Activation of Large‐Conductance Ca2+‐Activated K+ Channels (BKCa)
Authors: Tseng Hisa Hui Ling , Vong Chi Teng , Leung George Pak-Heng , Seto Sai Wang , Kwan Yiu Wa , Lee Simon Ming-Yuen , Hoi Maggie Pui Man
Published: November 2016

Calycosin and formononetin are two structurally similar isoflavonoids that have been shown to induce vasodilation in aorta and conduit arteries, but study of their actions on endothelial functions is lacking. Here, we demonstrated that both isoflavonoids relaxed rat mesenteric resistance arteries in a concentration‐dependent manner, which was reduced by endothelial disruption and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition, indicating the involvement of both endothelium and vascular smooth muscle. In addition, the endothelium‐dependent vasodilation, but not the endothelium‐independent vasodilation, was blocked by BKCa inhibitor iberiotoxin (IbTX). Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as a model, we showed calycosin and formononetin induced dose‐dependent outwardly rectifying K+ currents using whole cell patch clamp. These currents were blocked by tetraethylammonium chloride (TEACl), charybdotoxin (ChTX), or IbTX, but not apamin. We further demonstrated that both isoflavonoids significantly increased nitric oxide (NO) production and upregulated the activities and expressions of endothelial NOS (eNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS). These results suggested that calycosin and formononetin act as endothelial BKCa activators for mediating endothelium‐dependent vasodilation through enhancing endothelium hyperpolarization and NO production. Since activation of BKCa plays a role in improving behavioral and cognitive disorders, we suggested that these two isoflavonoids could provide beneficial effects to cognitive disorders through vascular regulation.
CBCT Assessment of Mental Foramen Position Relative to Anatomical Landmarks
Authors: Sheikhi Mahnaz , Kheir Mitra Karbasi
Published: November 2016

Purpose. This study was carried out on an Iranian population aiming to investigate mental foramen position relative to inferior border of mandible and skeletal midline and its gender and age differences on CBCT projections. Materials and Methods. A number of 180 CBCT images of patients were analyzed in different planes (tangential, cross-sectional, and axial). The distances from the superior border of mental foramen to the inferior border of mandible and from the anterior border of mental foramen to the midline were calculated. Results. The mean distance from mental foramen to the inferior border of mandible in the right side was 13.26 mm (SD ± 2.34) and in the left side was 13.37 mm (SD ± 2.19). There was a statistically significant difference between genders in terms of the distance between mental foramen and inferior border of mandible (P value = 0.000). The mean distances from mental foramen to midline were 25.86 mm (SD ± 0.27) and 25.53 mm (SD ± 0.31) in the right and left sides, respectively. Conclusions. The vertical and horizontal positions of mental foramen can be determined from stable anatomical landmarks such as mandibular inferior border and skeletal midline in both dentulous and edentulous patients. The distance from the superior border of mental foramen to the inferior border of mandible exhibited sexual dimorphism.
Heuristic and Exact Algorithms for the Two-Machine Just in Time Job Shop Scheduling Problem
Authors: Al-Salem Mohammed , Bedoya-Valencia Leonardo , Rabadi Ghaith
Published: November 2016

The problem addressed in this paper is the two-machine job shop scheduling problem when the objective is to minimize the total earliness and tardiness from a common due date (CDD) for a set of jobs when their weights equal 1 (unweighted problem). This objective became very significant after the introduction of the Just in Time manufacturing approach. A procedure to determine whether the CDD is restricted or unrestricted is developed and a semirestricted CDD is defined. Algorithms are introduced to find the optimal solution when the CDD is unrestricted and semirestricted. When the CDD is restricted, which is a much harder problem, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to find approximate solutions. Through computational experiments, the heuristic algorithms’ performance is evaluated with problems up to 500 jobs.
Experimental and Numerical Study of Mild Steel Behaviour under Cyclic Loading with Variable Strain Ranges
Authors: Krolo Paulina , Grandić Davor , Smolčić Željko
Published: November 2016

To simulate the effect of variable strains on steel grades S275 and S355, an experimental displacement control test of plate specimens was performed. Specimens were tested under monotonic and cyclic loading according to the standard loading protocol of SAC 2000. During experimental testing, strain values were measured with an extensometer at the tapered part of the specimen. Strains obtained by the experimental tests are disproportional to the applied displacements at the ends of the specimens. This phenomenon occurs due to the imperfections of the specimen, hardening of the material, and the buckling behaviour that appears in real structures due to the high deformation experienced during earthquakes. Due to the relative simplicity and wide applicability of the Chaboche hardening model of steel, the calibration of hardening parameters based on experimental test results was conducted. For the first time, calibration of steel hardening parameters was performed following the Chaboche procedure to define the cyclic behaviour with variable strain ranges. The accuracy of the hardening model with variable strain ranges, which were simulated using ABAQUS software, was verified using the experimental results.
Polypoid Dysplasia in Barrett’s Esophagus: Diagnosis, Management, and Very Different Outcomes in Two Consecutive Cases
Authors: Murphy Megan , Tofani Christina , Gandhi Kunjal , Infantolino Anthony
Published: November 2016

Background. Barrett’s esophagus is associated with an increased risk of adenocarcinoma. Dysplasia in Barrett’s esophagus is a precursor to adenocarcinoma. Rarely, dysplastic polypoid lesions are superimposed on Barrett’s esophagus. Most reported cases of polypoid dysplasia in Barrett’s esophagus have been advanced on presentation and treated with esophagectomy. We describe two cases of polypoid changes in Barrett’s esophagus and treatment with polypectomy followed by radiofrequency ablation.Cases. A 75 yo male presented with esophageal polyps, which on biopsy showed gastric cardia/foveolar mucosa with focal intestinal metaplasia without dysplasia. Biopsy of intervening flat mucosa was consistent with nondysplastic Barrett’s esophagus. Extensive hot snare polypectomies were performed followed by RFA. One year later, repeat EGD revealed no evidence of Barrett’s esophagus. A 61 yo male presented with esophageal polyps, which on biopsy showed gastric cardia/foveolar mucosa with intestinal metaplasia and foci of low-grade dysplasia. Extensive hot snare polypectomies were performed followed by RFA. At repeat EGD, four months later, an esophageal mass was found. Biopsy of the mass showed invasive adenocarcinoma. The patient was referred for esophagectomy.Conclusion. This case series shows two outcomes, one with successful eradication of dysplasia and the other with disease progression to invasive adenocarcinoma requiring esophagectomy.
Detection of the Single-Session Complete Ablation Rate by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound during Ultrasound-Guided Laser Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules: A Prospective Study
Authors: Ma Shuhua , Zhou Ping , Wu Xiaomin , Tian Shuangming , Zhao Yongfeng
Published: November 2016

This study aimed to investigate the single-session complete ablation rate of ultrasound-guided percutaneous laser ablation (LA) for benign thyroid nodules. LA was performed in 90 patients with 118 benign thyroid nodules. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was used to evaluate complete nodule ablation one day after ablation. Thyroid nodule volumes, thyroid functions, clinical symptoms and complications were evaluated 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after ablation. Results showed that all benign thyroid nodules successfully underwent LA. The single-session complete ablation rates for nodules with maximum diameters ≤2 cm, 2-3 cm and ≥3 cm were 93.4%, 70.3% and 61.1%, respectively. All nodule volumes significantly decreased than that one day after ablation (P<0.05); at the final evaluation, the volume decreased from6.16±5.21 mL to0.05±0.01 mL. Thyroid functions did not show significant differences at one month after ablation compared with that before (P>0.05). Three patients had obvious pain during ablation; one (1.1%) had recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, but the voice returned to normal within 6 months after treatment. Thus, ultrasound-guided LA can effectively inactivate benign thyroid nodules. LA is a potentially viable minimally invasive treatment that offers good cosmetic effects.
How Should Disaster Base Hospitals Prepare for Dialysis Therapy after Earthquakes? Introduction of Double Water Piping Circuits Provided by Well Water System
Authors: Ikegaya Naoki , Seki George , Ohta Nobutaka
Published: November 2016

After earthquakes, continuing dialysis for patients with ESRD and patients suffering from crush syndrome is the serious problem. In this paper, we analyzed the failure of the provision of dialysis services observed in recent disasters and discussed how to prepare for disasters to continue dialysis therapy. Japan has frequently experienced devastating earthquakes. A lot of dialysis centers could not continue dialysis treatment owing to damage caused by these earthquakes. The survey by Japanese Society for Dialysis Treatment (JSDT) after the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 showed that failure of lifelines such as electric power and water supply was the leading cause of the malfunction of dialysis treatment. Our hospital is located in Shizuoka Prefecture, where one of the biggest earthquakes is predicted to occur in the near future. In addition to reconstructing earthquake-resistant buildings and facilities, we therefore have adopted double electric and water lifelines by introducing emergency generators and well water supply systems. It is very important to inform politicians, bureaucrats, and local water departments that dialysis treatment, a life sustaining therapy for patients with end stage renal diseases, requires a large amount of water. We cannot prevent an earthquake but can curb the extent of a disaster by preparing for earthquakes.
Analysis of Spatial Diversity in Both Transmitter and Receiver on Low-Height Links at Forests
Authors: Cuiñas Iñigo , Gómez-Pérez Paula , Gay-Fernández José A. , López Javier , Pascual Diego , Rodríguez Laura , Muñiz Marta
Published: November 2016

This work focuses on radio wave propagation within forested environments, at 5.8 GHz. Concretely, we explore the advantages of implementing spatial diversity in reception or even in both ends for improving the strength of the received signal in such environments, which could be useful in applications such as vehicle-to-infrastructure, vehicle-to-vehicle, or emergency communications. Measurements gathered at both evergreen and deciduous forests sustain the thesis. Once processed, the results support the proposal of implementing a spatial diversity technique in reception or in both ends using a 2 × 4 (or 2 × 2) scheme in order to improve the connectivity at 5.8 GHz band within forests. In fact, we estimated a gain due to spatial diversity in reception of 5 dB and 2 dB at evergreen and deciduous forests, respectively, and 16 dB or 5 dB when implementing at both ends.
Aerobic Exercise Preserves Olfaction Function in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Rosenfeldt Anson B. , Dey Tanujit , Alberts Jay L.
Published: November 2016

Introduction. Based on anecdotal reports of improved olfaction following aerobic exercise, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an 8-week aerobic exercise program on olfaction function in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD).Methods. Thirty-eight participants with idiopathic PD were randomized to either an aerobic exercise group (n=23) or a nonexercise control group (n=15). The aerobic exercise group completed a 60-minute cycling session three times per week for eight weeks while the nonexercise control group received no intervention. All participants completed the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) at baseline, end of treatment, and a four-week follow up.Results. Change in UPSIT scores between the exercise and nonexercise groups from baseline to EOT (p=0.01) and from baseline to EOT+4 (p=0.02) favored the aerobic exercise group. Individuals in the nonexercise group had worsening olfaction function over time, while the exercise group was spared from decline.Discussion. The difference in UPSIT scores suggested that aerobic exercise may be altering central nervous system pathways that regulate the physiologic or cognitive processes controlling olfaction in individuals with PD. While these results provide promising preliminary evidence that exercise may modify the disease process, further systematic evaluation is necessary.
Ecological and Behavioural Factors Influencing Territorial Call Rates for the Bolivian Titi Monkeys, Plecturocebus modestus and Plecturocebus olallae
Authors: Martinez Jesus , Wallace Robert B.
Published: November 2016

Primate territorial calls have been used to locate groups in censuses. Daily variations in call rates are a potential source of error in these studies. To obtain more accurate estimations of population density it is necessary to determine how much variation there is in group call rates and to identify the factors that influence them. We present data on the emission of territorial calls by two threatened and endemic titi monkeys in Bolivia: Plecturocebus olallae and P. modestus. We found interspecific differences in daily call rates (52% P. modestus and 33% P. olallae). Groups inhabiting more continuous forests vocalized more frequently than groups in fragmented forests, which might be linked to the higher abundance of groups in less fragmented forests. We found seasonal differences in call rates between species, with more frequent calling in P. modestus during the dry season, while P. olallae called more frequently in the rainy season. The study groups emitted territorial calls mostly from the central zones of their territories, suggesting they do not face intense spatial competition with neighbouring groups. Our results improve the general ecological knowledge on P. olallae and P. modestus, and can also be used to improve population abundance studies and ongoing conservation efforts.
Serum Magnesium and Mortality in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Yu Ling , Li Han , Wang Shi-xiang
Published: November 2016

Background and Aim: The study aimed to investigate the potential contributing effect of serum magnesium on mortality in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods: The patients receiving regular MHD in March 2013 were involved. Baseline data including clinical data, anthropometrics and biochemical measurement were collected. After being followed for 36 months, the time of death and reason were recorded. Results: One hundred and thirty-five MHD patients were enrolled in the study and analyzed, with mean serum magnesium of 1.11 ± 0.15 mmol/l. The level of serum magnesium in 64 patients was normal (47.4%), and it was elevated in 71 of the 135 patients (52.6%). And none of MHD patients had hypomagnesemia. The levels of serum albumin (Alb), urea nitrogen, creatinine (Cr), uric acid and phosphorus were significantly higher, but high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and lipoprotein A were significantly lower in hypermagnesemia group compared to the normal serum magnesium group (p < 0.05). Serum Alb, serum Cr, serum phosphorus and Hs-CRP were related factors of hypermagnesemia by multivariate logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05). During the 36 months of follow-up, 27 patients died (20.0%), of whom 55.6% died of cardiovascular (CV) events. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that cumulative incidence of CV mortality were significantly higher in the normal serum magnesium group than in the hypermagnesemia group (p = 0.027); however, there was no significant difference in all-cause mortality (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Serum magnesium was elevated, which was related with nutrition and inflammation markers including serum Alb, serum Cr, serum phosphorus and Hs-CRP. Lower serum magnesium is a risk factor of CV mortality in MHD patients. Intervention studies are needed to clarify whether magnesium supplementation is beneficial for improving patient prognosis, when MHD patients had inflammatory and malnutrition.
Deletion of TOP3B Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment and Facial Dysmorphism
Authors: Kaufman Carolyn S. , Genovese Ann , Butler Merlin G.
Published: November 2016

Deletions of different regions of chromosome 22q11 have been extensively characterized in the literature, with a recent review outlining common deletions with a standardized system proposed for classification and nomenclature. The genotype-phenotype relationships have not been sufficiently elucidated for these deletions, and it remains unclear which specific genes play the dominant roles in producing associated clinical features. Several deletions involve entirely distinct regions of chromosome 22q11 but do not overlap, suggesting that a number of different genes contribute to the clinical features. Studies of patients with small deletions involving only 1 or 2 genes may provide more convincing evidence for the impact of individual genes on the observed phenotype. In this case report, we present a 12-year-old female with autism, cognitive impairment, dysmorphic features, and behavioral concerns and a 268-kb deletion of chromosome 22q11.22 including TOP3B, the only recognized disease-causing gene in the deletion. The mechanism of pathogenesis contributing significantly to our patient's clinical findings may relate to interaction between TOP3B and fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), an mRNA-binding protein that regulates translation and is altered in fragile X syndrome, a condition involving developmental delay, learning disability, and autism. All these features are recognized in our patient.
Natural Terpenes Influence the Activity of Antibiotics against Isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Sieniawska Elwira , Swatko-Ossor Marta , Sawicki Rafał , Skalicka-Woźniak Krystyna , Ginalska Grazyna
Published: November 2016

Objective: In this study, we aimed to describe the influence of natural terpenes on the antimycobacterial activity of first-line tuberculostatic drugs against isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: The natural terpenes used in this study were R-limonene, S-limonene, myrcene, sabinene, α-pinene, and β-elemene. The values of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for these terpenes, as well as for combinations of terpenes with tuberculostatic antibiotics (ethambutol, isoniazid, and rifampicin), were determined using a tube log2 dilution method in the range of 125-0.059 µg/mL. Results:S-limonene had a strong synergistic effect with all tested antibiotics (MIC decreased from 16 to 0.475 µg/mL for ethambutol, from 16 to 0.237 µg/mL for rifampicin, and from 32 to 0.475 µg/mL for isoniazid). Combinations of myrcene, R-limonene, β-elemene, and sabinene with tuberculostatic antibiotics resulted in a decreased MIC of the antibiotics (from 3.9 to 0.475 µg/mL for ethambutol, from 15 to 0.475 µg/mL for isoniazid, and from 0.475 to 0.237 µg/mL for rifampicin) while combinations of α-pinene with ethambutol and isoniazid resulted in increased MIC values (from 16 to 125 µg/mL for ethambutol, and from 32 to 125 µg/mL for isoniazid). Rifampicin had a synergistic increase in activity with all the tested compounds. Conclusions: Our study showed that terpenes enhance the activity of tuberculostatic antibiotics.
ТОКСИЧНІ ЕФЕКТИ МАРГАНЦЮ
Authors: Fedchyshyn M. P. , Korda M. M.
Published: November 2016

Марганець – есенційний мікроелемент, необхідний для кровотворення, а також нормального функціонування головного мозку, гормональної та репродуктивної  системи,  генетичного  апарату  та  антиоксидантної системи клітини. В цій статті проаналізовано дані наукових публікацій та інтернет-ресурсів, що стосуються актуальних питань молекулярної біології, медицини, фізіології та токсикології марганцю. Окреслено проблематику впливу високих доз мангану на людський організм. Описано негативні ефекти, які виникають в організмі людини при його надлишку.
ОСНОВНІ ФАКТОРИ РИЗИКУ У ВИНИКНЕННІ ТА РОЗВИТКУ ХВОРОБ СИСТЕМИ КРОВООБІГУ
Authors: Terenda N. O.
Published: November 2016

Метою дослідження було дослідити  роль  основних  факторів  ризику  в  розвитку  хвороб системи кровообігу. Ми провели систематичний аналіз наукових джерел інформації щодо впливу низки факторів ризику на виникнення та розвиток хвороб системи кровообігу. В статті наведено  дані  про  істотний  вплив  на  стан  здоров’я  населення України хвороб системи кровообігу. розглянуто основні передумови виникнення та розвитку цих захворювань, проаналізовано причини та зроблено порівняльний аналіз із Європейським регіоном. В Україні протягом останніх років залишаються високі показники захворюваності населення хворобами системи кровообігу. Цьому сприяє низка факторів, які переважно стосуються способу життя та соціально-економічного стану країни.
ГЕНДЕРНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ АДАПТАЦІЙНИХ ПОРУШЕНЬ У ОСІБ МОЛОДОГО ВІКУ, ЯКІ ПАЛЯТЬ ТЮТЮН
Authors: Kiosieva O. V.
Published: November 2016

У статті наведено дані вивчення  репертуару  та ступеня вираженості адаптаційних порушень, асоційованих з тютюнопалінням в осіб молодого віку. З’ясовані спільні та відмінні риси даної психопатології у юнаків та дівчат. Доведений факт наявності ідентичного для обох статей предіктора хімічної адикції в площині психоемоційної сфери реагування на стрес(як психоемоційне навантаження), пов'язаний зі складанням іспитів, напруженими відносинами в соціумі. Отримані  дані  стали складовою частиною формування  диференційованої системи медико-соціальної допомоги при порушеннях адаптації, коморбідних з хімічними аддикциями, у студентської молоді.
МОЖЛИВОСТІ ХІРУРГІЧНОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ ТРОФІЧНИХ ВИРАЗОК ВЕНОЗНОГО ГЕНЕЗУ НИЖНІХ КІНЦІВОК У ПАЦІЄНТІВ ПОХИЛОГО І СТАРЕЧОГО ВІКУ В АМБУЛАТОРНИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Antoniuk-Kysil V. M. , Kucheruk Ye. F. , Kucheruk Ye. F. , Nevmerzhytskyi A. S. , Nevmerzhytskyi A. S. , Les V. M. , Les V. M.
Published: November 2016

Запропоновано комплекс: оперативну техніку, що “консервує стовбури сафенових вен”, міні-флебектомію за Мюллером, тумесцентну анестезію для хірургічного лікування в амбулаторних умовах геронтологічних пацієнтів із варикозній хворобі нижніх кінцівок функціонального класу С5-6 Sep. As 2.3.4, p17.18 Pr  за класифікацією СЕАР з трофічними виразками нижніх кінцівок площею до 10 см2 в один етап, що дозволило отримати через 6 місяців у всіх 78 оперованих пацієнтів позитивний результат: у 56 (71,8 %) хворих – добрий, а в 22 (28,8 %) – задовільний.
ПЕРЕВАГИ ІМУНОКОРЕГУЮЧОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ У КОМПЛЕКСНОМУ ЛІКУВАННІ ЗОВНІШНЬОГО ГЕНІТАЛЬНОГО ЕНДОМЕТРІОЗУ
Authors: Malanchuk I. S. , Krasnianska L. O.
Published: November 2016

В  статті відображено результати клінічних досліджень про вплив імуномодулятора 5-аміно-1,2,3,4-тетрагідрофталазин-1,4-діону натрієвої солі на результати комплексного лікування зовнішнього генітального ендометріозу (ЗГе). Простежено зміни ступеня вираження больового синдрому, частоту та тривалість рецидивів, репродуктивної функції жінки, а також гуморальної та клітинної ланок імунітету (сD-3, сD-4, сD-8, сD-16, сD-22-клітини). Під спостереженням перебувало 66 пацієнток із зовнішнім генітальним ендометріозом, які знаходилися на лікуванні у відділенні малоінвазивної хірургії КЗ ТОр “Тернопільська університетська лікарня” та у відділенні оперативної гінекології Тернопільського обласного клінічного перинатального центру «Мати і дитина». Контрольну групу склали 36 здорових жінок з такими ж віковими характеристиками, яких госпіталізовано у відділення малоінвазивної хірургії для хірургічної стерилізації. Обстежуваних пацієнток поділили на дві групи. До першої групи було включено 32 пацієнтки, яким у післяопераційному періоді проводили гормональну терапію з використанням агоністів гонадо-рилізинг-гормону (за 3-ін’єкційною схемою). До другої групи увійшло 34 пацієнтки, яким на фоні вищеописаної гормонотерапії проводили імунокорекцію. З даною метою використовували низькомолекулярний метаболічний імуномодулятор 5-аміно-1,2,3,4-тетрагідрофталазин-1,4-діону натрієвої солі. Для оцінки результатів лікування визначали ступінь вираженості больового синдрому, динаміку перебігу менструального циклу, частоту та тривалість рецидивів, репродуктивну функцію жінки. Із лабораторних методів використовували імунологічні – для оцінки гуморальної та клітинної ланок імунітету (сD-4, сD-16, сD-22-клітини). хворих обстежували до і після лікування. больовий синдром та симптоматику захворювання оцінювали в балах (за Mac Laverty). Доведено, що застосування низькомолекулярного метаболічного імуномодулятора 5-аміно-1,2,3,4-тетрагідрофталазин-1,4-діону натрієвої солі при проведенні комплексного лікування вказаної патології приводить до зменшення скарг на диспареунію, чіткого зниження проявів больового синдрому, зменшення частоти рецидивів, ніж в групі без його використання. Препарат показаний для імунокорекції ЗГе в якості комплексного лікування, що включає гормональну терапію з використанням агоністів гонадо-рилізинг-гормону та малоінвазивне  лапароскопічне  видалення  ендометріоїдних  осередків, роз’єднання спайок. Запропонований метаболічний імуномодулятор відновлює субпопуляційний склад імунокомпетентних клітин, мобілізує реакції клітинного імунітету, а відтак – ефективно забезпечує імунотропний ефект.
International Registry of Patients Carrying
TGFBR1
or
TGFBR2
Mutations
Authors: Jondeau Guillaume , Ropers Jacques , Regalado Ellen , Braverman Alan , Evangelista Arturo , Teixedo Guisela , De Backer Julie , Muiño-Mosquera Laura , Naudion Sophie , Zordan Cecile , Morisaki Takayuki , Morisaki Hiroto , Von Kodolitsch Yskert , Dupuis-Girod Sophie , Morris Shaine A. , Jeremy Richmond , Odent Sylvie , Adès Leslie C. , Bakshi Madhura , Holman Katherine , LeMaire Scott , Milleron Olivier , Langeois Maud , Spentchian Myrtille , Aubart Melodie , Boileau Catherine , Pyeritz Reed , Milewicz Dianna M.
Published: November 2016

Background—

The natural history of aortic diseases in patients with
TGFBR1
or
TGFBR2
mutations reported by different investigators has varied greatly. In particular, the current recommendations for the timing of surgical repair of the aortic root aneurysms may be overly aggressive.

Methods and Results—

The Montalcino Aortic Consortium, which includes 15 centers worldwide that specialize in heritable thoracic aortic diseases, was used to gather data on 441 patients from 228 families, with 176 cases harboring a mutation in
TGBR1
and 265 in
TGFBR2
. Patients harboring a
TGFBR1
mutation have similar survival rates (80% survival at 60 years), aortic risk (23% aortic dissection and 18% preventive aortic surgery), and prevalence of extra-aortic features (29% hypertelorism, 53% cervical arterial tortuosity, and 27% wide scars) when compared with patients harboring a
TGFBR2
mutation. However,
TGFBR1
males had a greater aortic risk than females, whereas
TGFBR2
males and females had a similar aortic risk. Additionally, aortic root diameter prior to or at the time of type A aortic dissection tended to be smaller in patients carrying a
TGFBR2
mutation and was ≤45 mm in 6 women with
TGFBR2
mutations, presenting with marked systemic features and low body surface area. Aortic dissection was observed in 1.6% of pregnancies.

Conclusions—

Patients with
TGFBR1
or
TGFBR2
mutations show the same prevalence of systemic features and the same global survival. Preventive aortic surgery at a diameter of 45 mm, lowered toward 40 in females with low body surface area,
TGFBR2
mutation, and severe extra-aortic features may be considered.
Genetic Variation in the SLC8A1 Calcium Signaling Pathway Is Associated With Susceptibility to Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Artery Abnormalities
Authors: Shimizu Chisato , Eleftherohorinou Hariklia , Wright Victoria J. , Kim Jihoon , Alphonse Martin P. , Perry James C. , Cimaz Rolando , Burgner David , Dahdah Nagib , Hoang Long T. , Khor Chiea Chuen , Salgado Andrea , Tremoulet Adriana H. , Davila Sonia , Kuijpers Taco W. , Hibberd Martin L. , Johnson Todd A. , Takahashi Atsushi , Tsunoda Tatsuhiko , Kubo Michiaki , Tanaka Toshihiro , Onouchi Yoshihiro , Yeung Rae S.M. , Coin Lachlan J.M. , Levin Michael , Burns Jane C.
Published: November 2016

Background—

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute pediatric vasculitis in which host genetics influence both susceptibility to KD and the formation of coronary artery aneurysms. Variants discovered by genome-wide association studies and linkage studies only partially explain the influence of genetics on KD susceptibility.

Methods and Results—

To search for additional functional genetic variation, we performed pathway and gene stability analysis on a genome-wide association study data set. Pathway analysis using European genome-wide association study data identified 100 significantly associated pathways (
P
<5×10
−
4
). Gene stability selection identified 116 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 26 genes that were responsible for driving the pathway associations, and gene ontology analysis demonstrated enrichment for calcium transport (
P
=1.05×10
−
4
). Three single nucleotide polymorphisms in solute carrier family 8, member 1 (
SLC8A1
), a sodium/calcium exchanger encoding NCX1, were validated in an independent Japanese genome-wide association study data set (meta-analysis
P
=0.0001). Patients homozygous for the A (risk) allele of rs13017968 had higher rates of coronary artery abnormalities (
P
=0.029). NCX1, the protein encoded by
SLC8A1
, was expressed in spindle-shaped and inflammatory cells in the aneurysm wall. Increased intracellular calcium mobilization was observed in B cell lines from healthy controls carrying the risk allele.

Conclusions—

Pathway-based association analysis followed by gene stability selection proved to be a valuable tool for identifying risk alleles in a rare disease with complex genetics. The role of
SLC8A1
polymorphisms in altering calcium flux in cells that mediate coronary artery damage in KD suggests that this pathway may be a therapeutic target and supports the study of calcineurin inhibitors in acute KD.
Sex-Related Discordance Between Aortic Valve Calcification and Hemodynamic Severity of Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Simard Louis , Côté Nancy , Dagenais François , Mathieu Patrick , Couture Christian , Trahan Sylvain , Bossé Yohan , Mohammadi Siamak , Pagé Sylvain , Joubert Philippe , Clavel Marie-Annick
Published: November 2016

Rationale:

Calcific aortic stenosis (AS) is characterized by calcium deposition in valve leaflets. However, women present lower aortic valve calcification loads than men for the same AS hemodynamic severity.

Objective:

We, thus, aimed to assess sex differences in aortic valve fibrocalcific remodeling.

Methods and Results:

One hundred and twenty-five patients underwent Doppler echocardiography and multidetector computed tomography within 3 months before aortic valve replacement. Explanted stenotic tricuspid aortic valves were weighed, and fibrosis degree was determined. Sixty-four men and 39 women were frequency matched for age, body mass index, hypertension, renal disease, diabetes mellitus, and AS severity. Mean age (75±9 years), mean gradient (41±18 mm Hg), and indexed aortic valve area (0.41±0.12 cm
2
/m
2
) were similar between men and women (all
P
≥0.18). Median aortic valve calcification (1973 [1124–3490] Agatston units) and mean valve weight (2.36±0.99 g) were lower in women compared with men (both
P
<0.0001). Aortic valve calcification density correlated better with valve weight in men (
r
2
=0.57;
P
<0.0001) than in women (
r
2
=0.26;
P
=0.0008). After adjustment for age, body mass index, aortic valve calcification density, and aortic annulus diameter, female sex was an independent risk factor for higher fibrosis score in AS valves (
P
=0.003). Picrosirius red staining of explanted valves showed greater amount of collagen fibers (
P
=0.01), and Masson trichrome staining revealed a greater proportion of dense connective tissue (
P
=0.02) in women compared with men.

Conclusions:

In this series of patients with tricuspid aortic valve and similar AS severity, women have less valvular calcification but more fibrosis compared with men. These findings suggest that the pathophysiology of AS and thus potential targets for drug development may be different according to sex.
Computed Tomographic Blend Sign Is Associated With Computed Tomographic Angiography Spot Sign and Predicts Secondary Neurological Deterioration After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Sporns Peter B. , Schwake Michael , Schmidt Rene , Kemmling André , Minnerup Jens , Schwindt Wolfram , Cnyrim Christian , Zoubi Tarek , Heindel Walter , Niederstadt Thomas , Hanning Uta
Published: November 2016

Background and Purpose—

Significant early hematoma growth in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage is an independent predictor of poor functional outcome. Recently, the novel blend sign (BS) has been introduced as a new imaging sign for predicting hematoma growth in noncontrast computed tomography. Another parameter predicting increasing hematoma size is the well-established spot sign (SS) visible in computed tomographic angiography. We, therefore, aimed to clarify the association between established SS and novel BS and their values predicting a secondary neurological deterioration.

Methods—

Retrospective study inclusion criteria were (1) spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage confirmed on noncontrast computed tomography and (2) noncontrast computed tomography and computed tomographic angiography performed on admission within 6 hours after onset of symptoms. We defined a binary outcome (secondary neurological deterioration versus no secondary deterioration). As secondary neurological deterioration, we defined (1) early hemicraniectomy under standardized criteria or (2) secondary decrease of Glasgow Coma Scale of >3 points, both within the first 48 hours after symptom onset.

Results—

Of 182 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, 37 (20.3%) presented with BS and 39 (21.4%) with SS. Of the 81 patients with secondary deterioration, 31 (38.3%) had BS and SS on admission. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified hematoma volume (odds ratio, 1.07 per mL;
P
≤0.001), intraventricular hemorrhage (odds ratio, 3.08;
P
=0.008), and the presence of BS (odds ratio, 11.47;
P
≤0.001) as independent predictors of neurological deterioration.

Conclusions—

The BS, which is obtainable in noncontrast computed tomography, shows a high correlation with the computed tomographic angiography SS and is a reliable predictor of secondary neurological deterioration after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.
Agreement Among Stroke Faculty and Fellows in Treating Ischemic Stroke Patients With Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and Thrombectomy
Authors: Ramadan Ahmad-Riad , Denny Mary Carter , Vahidy Farhaan , Yamal Jose-Miguel , Wu Tzu-Ching , Sarraj Amrou , Savitz Sean , Grotta James
Published: November 2016

Background and Purpose—

The aim of this study is to determine agreement among vascular neurology fellows and faculty in treating patients with acute ischemic stroke with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator and intra-arterial thrombectomy (IAT).

Methods—

Patients were evaluated simultaneously by at least 2 vascular neurology. Agreement was determined using kappa (κ) and intraclass correlation coefficients.

Results—

In 60 patients, agreement was substantial for tissue-type plasminogen activator (κ=0.75 [95% confidence interval, 0.57–0.92]) and IAT (κ=0.63 [95% confidence interval, 0.30–0.96]), with no difference between fellow–fellow versus fellow–faculty. Intraclass correlation coefficient for National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 0.94 (95% confidence interval, 0.90–0.97) and κ for Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score was 0.53 (95% confidence interval, 0.20–0.78). Rapidly improving or mild deficits caused disagreement for both tissue-type plasminogen activator and IAT, whereas interpretation of computed tomographic perfusion led to disagreement for IAT.

Conclusions—

We found substantial agreement between vascular neurology fellows and faculty in treating with tissue-type plasminogen activator or IAT. Areas for improvement include recognition of stroke mimics, consensus on treating less severe strokes, and use/interpretation of imaging.
Assessing anti-predator decisions of foraging eastern chipmunks under varying perceived risks: the effects of physical and social environments on vigilance
Authors: Clermont Jeanne , Couchoux Charline , Garant Dany , Réale Denis
Published: November 2016

Animals foraging under risk have to trade-off resource acquisition and predator avoidance. Environmental factors can modulate the level of risk and should thus influence the expression of anti-predator behaviours such as vigilance. In this study, we investigated the effects of physical and social environments on eastern chipmunks’ (Tamias striatus) vigilance, by varying the perceived risk through playback experiments of alarm calls and neutral environmental sounds, and by integrating habitat and weather characteristics, as well as neighbour density. Chipmunks showed higher levels of vigilance when foraging in more open habitats, under high wind conditions, when they heard alarm calls and when surrounded by a high neighbour density. The effects of wind intensity and neighbour density on vigilance were also stronger during the broadcast of alarm calls rather than neutral sounds. Our results emphasize how both the physical and social environments can modify risk perception and therefore risk-taking decisions of foraging individuals.
Description of Ektaphelenchus berbericus n. sp. (Rhabditida: Ektaphelenchinae) from eastern Iran
Authors: Alvani Somaye , Mahdikhani-Moghadam Esmat , Giblin-Davis Robin M. , Pedram Majid
Published: November 2016

Ektaphelenchusberbericusn. sp. was recovered from soil samples collected in eastern Iran and is described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The new species is characterised by having female body 512-691 μm long, lip region separated from rest of body by a shallow depression, lips separated and equally sized, 19-22 μm long stylet with wide lumen and lacking knobs or swellings at its base, cuticle with fine, but distinct transverse annuli and three lines in lateral field, excretory pore located at base of metacorpus (with slight variation in position), reproductive system monodelphic-prodelphic with spheroid and fine sperm cells inside spermatheca in some individuals and short post-vulval uterine sac (PUS), rectum and anus vestigial (invisible in few individuals), conical posterior body end (tail), narrowing at mid-point between anus and rounded tail tip, and males lacking. The new species is typologically similar to species belonging to four genera:Devibursaphelenchus,Ektaphelenchoides,EktaphelenchusandSeinura, by a combination of morphological characters,e.g., gross morphology of stylet (lacking knobs or swellings at base), morphology of posterior body end (having short conical tail), PUS length, and having a vestigial anus and rectum in most individuals. In molecular phylogenetic analyses using sequences of the partial small subunit of the ribosomal RNA gene (SSU) and the D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA gene, the new species is close to theEktaphelenchoides/Cryptaphelenchusclade in an inferred SSU tree, and formed a clade withEktaphelenchoidesandDevibursaphelenchusspp. in a D2-D3 LSU tree. Further phylogenetic analyses using full length sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) (= ITS1 + 5.8S + ITS2) corroborated results from the SSU and D2-D3 LSU trees, and the multilocus analyses using the combined SSU and LSU data placed the new species in a robustly supported clade withEktaphelenchoides poinariandDevibursaphelenchus lini.
Phasmarhabditis bohemica n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae), a slug-parasitic nematode from the Czech Republic
Authors: Nermuť Jiří , Půža Vladimír , Mekete Tesfamariam , Mráček Zdeněk
Published: November 2016

Phasmarhabditis bohemica n. sp. is described and illustrated from the body of Deroceras reticulatum from the village of Chelčice, the Czech Republic. Morphological and molecular data showed that the new isolate is close to other species of Phasmarhabditis, particularly P. californica and P. papillosa. Females are characterised by a body length of 2079 (1777-2222) μm and a long tapering tail with prominent papilliform phasmids located laterally in the mid-tail region. Males are 1683 (1515-1818) μm long. They have a peloderan bursa, with nine pairs of rays, 1/1/1/2/1/3, and a reflexed testis 495 (434-555) μm long. Dauer juveniles are thin, 553 (474-636) μm long, with prominent lateral fields consisting of two prominent ridges and three incisures. Small subunit (18S), ITS, and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit of ribosomal DNA were used to analyse the phylogenetic relationships of sequenced species in Phasmarhabditis and other closely related species. Our preliminary observations suggest that the newly described species may be a facultative mollusc-parasitic nematode that is able to survive permanently in the saprobic phase on decaying organic matter. The ecology, morphology, and phylogenetic positions of P. bohemica n. sp. are discussed.
“An Extraordinary Feeling for Ornament”: Elena Polenova and the Neo-Russian Style in Embroideries and Painted Textile Panels
Authors: Hardiman Louise
Published: November 2016

This article examines several important designs by Elena Dmitrievna Polenova (1850-1898) for art embroideries and textile panels. These are the least studied of Polenova’s works, but offer new insights into the artist’s role as a leader of the neo-national movement in late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century Russian art. Linking extant designs with photographs of exhibition displays and unpublished archival sources, including contemporary accounts by the British art journalist Netta Peacock (1864-1938), this project seeks to initiate the important process of identifying and analysing Polenova’s designs within the context of the movement.
Designs for Everyone: Transforming Women’s Fashions in Early Twentieth-Century Russia
Authors: Durst Elizabeth
Published: November 2016

The world of women’s fashion in early twentieth-century Russia provides a rich context for measuring shifts in class identity and in gender norms, as the major cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg were witnessing broad social transformation. If not for the Revolution, the late-Imperial period may well have anticipated the mature markets of the West, where haute couture and the garment industry fueled widespread consumption and became what are now essential components of modern collective social behavior. In Russia, the intensified urbanization of the early twentieth century also ushered in the rise of new forms of popular culture, which often intersected with the world of women’s fashion. Specialized periodicals, such as fashion magazines and the new art of cinema, fueled a cult interest in the latest sartorial trends. A reflection of this phenomenon can also be found in Teffi’s (pseudonym of Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Lokhvitskaia, 1872-1953) broadly circulated stories, which allowed readers to better understand the perceived transformative power of fashion, even when expressed on the seemingly minor level of a small collar or hat.
Tapestries, Hats, and Slippers: Embroideries by Aleksandra Kol’tsova-Bychkova
Authors: Misler Nicoletta
Published: November 2016

This article is concerned with the life and work of Aleksandra Kol’tsova-Bychkova in Imperial Russia, France, and the Soviet Union, especially her experiments with embroidery in the 1920s and 1930s. Specific attention is given to her association with the Stroganov Institute, her interest in Art Nouveau, and her subsequent interest in abstract composition, as well as her working relationship with her husband, the sculptor, Sergei Kol’tsov, known for his Socialist Realist monuments.