bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction and catalytic effects of solvent- and metal(ii)-dependent products: the process of transformation of 0D structures into 3D structures
Authors: Kim Gyeongmin , Han Jihun , Kim Dongwon , Jung Ok-Sang
Published: January 2024

The dimensions of M(ii) complexes are dependent on the solvents or metals(ii) employed, and a transformation of the cage into 3D occurs. Zn(ii) and Cu(ii) species are effective catalysts in transesterification and catechol oxidation, respectively.
Quantum non-Markovianity, quantum coherence and extractable work in a general quantum process
Authors: Mohammadi Amin , Shafiee Afshin
Published: January 2024

Our results clearly demonstrate the resource nature of quantum non-Markovianity and quantum coherence in quantum thermodynamics.
Carbon dioxide conversion to methanol on a PdCo bimetallic catalyst
Authors: Thanh Huynh Tat , Le Ong Kim , Chihaia Viorel , Son Do Ngoc
Published: January 2024

We elucidated the mechanisms of the CO2 to CH3OH conversion on the PdCo catalyst and the physical nature of the interaction between the reaction intermediates and the substrate.
Advanced molecular mechanisms of modified DRV compounds in targeting HIV-1 protease mutations and interrupting monomer dimerization
Authors: Tang Bolin , Luo Song , Wang Qihang , Gao Pengfei , Duan Lili
Published: January 2024

HIV-1 protease (PR) plays a crucial role in the treatment of HIV as a key target.
Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy of the ClSO radical
Authors: Chang Ching-Hua , Tsai Cheng-Han , Liu Yi-Ting , Endo Yasuki
Published: January 2024

Pure rotational transitions of 35ClSO and 37ClSO with well-resolved fine and hyperfine structures are observed by FTMW spectroscopy whose intensity ratio agrees with their atomic abundance ratio.
Highly durable spray-coated plate catalyst for the dehydrogenation of perhydro benzyltoluene
Authors: Nathrath Phillip , Raed Ramzi Yousuf , Bierling Markus , Thiele Simon , Wasserscheid Peter , Schühle Patrick
Published: January 2024

In this work, a flexible spray-coating technique for the production of highly active catalyst layers is developed. The catalytic coatings are tested in the dehydrogenation of liquid organic hydrogen carriers.
Exploring the effect of Brønsted acidity of MFI-type zeolites on catalytic cracking temperature of low density polyethylene
Authors: Tsubota Soshi , Kokuryo Shinya , Tamura Kazuya , Miyake Koji , Uchida Yoshiaki , Mizusawa Atsushi , Kubo Tadashi , Nishiyama Norikazu
Published: January 2024

We verified the effects of the zeolite Brønsted acidity (acid strength, acid amount, location of acid sites, etc.) on the catalytic cracking temperature of low density polyethylene.
Synthesis and improved photoelectrochemical performances of oxygen-deficient TiO2/black-BaTiO3/CdS multiple-heterojunction nanoarrays
Authors: Zhang Ganghua , Chen Zhibo , Li Xiao , Liu Zhanqiang , Guo Huichen , Huang Yanwei , Fang Yongzheng , Hou Jingshan
Published: January 2024

By forming a type II heterojunction in a multilayered coaxial oxygen-deficient TiO2/black-BaTiO3/CdS nanorod array, its PEC performance is significantly improved.
Cyano-modified poly(triazine imide) with extended π-conjugation for photocatalytic biological cofactor regeneration
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Li Jiashu , Xing Fangshu , Liu Jian
Published: January 2024

A unique extended π-conjugated system of cyano-modified PTI is strategically developed for biological cofactor regeneration.
A rationally designed 3DTiO2@CdZnS heterojunction photocatalyst for effectively enhanced visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution
Authors: Li Zhuoyang , Ji Hao , Feng Ziwen , Li Zelin , Gao Hang , Tan Yipeng , Yao Lingmin , Deng Qinglin , Sun Yu , Shao Mengmeng
Published: January 2024

A 3DTiO2/CZS heterojunction photocatalyst with a very high hydrogen evolution rate of 75.38 mmol h−1 g−1 under visible light was prepared for the first time.
[NH3(CH2)4NH3]SnX4 (X = Br, I): Dion–Jacobson type 2-D perovskites with short interlayer spacing
Authors: Vishwajith Nagale S. , Sharma Mridul Krishna , Jain Isha , Vishnoi Pratap
Published: January 2024

Structurally characterized 2-dimensional perovskites (1,4-BDA)SnIIBr4 and (1,4-BDA)SnIII4 are reported with the interlayer gap of ∼ 10 Å. They are synthesized as phase pure materials in aqueous medium by suppressing the formation of SnIV impurities.
Financial analysis of decentralized water reuse systems in mission critical facilities at U.S. Army installations
Authors: Hur Andy Y. , Page Martin A. , Guest Jeremy S. , Ploschke Christine M.
Published: January 2024

Decentralized water reuse is a financially viable fit-for-purpose approach for water sustainment in mission critical facilities.
Application of psychrotolerant quorum quenching Planococcus versutus sp. L10.15T to membrane bioreactors for biofouling control at low temperatures
Authors: Min Sojin , Lee Hosung , Lim Joowan , Lee Sang Hyun , Lee Seungjin , Choo Kwang-Ho , Lee Chung-Hak , Park Pyung-Kyu
Published: January 2024

Planococcus versutus sp. L10.15T, a psychrotolerant quorum quenching bacterium, was effective in mitigating biofouling through the degradation of N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) in membrane bioreactors at low temperatures.
Antimicrobial activity and applications of fermentates from lactic acid bacteria – a review
Authors: Hernández Figueroa Ricardo H. , López-Malo Aurelio , Mani-López Emma
Published: January 2024

Fermentates are complex mixtures containing inactivated or viable lactic acid bacteria, growth metabolites and compatible culture medium for food applications, representing a practical and cost-effective alternative to cell-free supernatants.
Enantioselective cross-dehydrogenative coupling enabled by organocatalysis
Authors: Jiang Quanbin , Luo Jie , Zhao Xiaodan
Published: January 2024

Organocatalytic enantioselective cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction provides a great opportunity for the synthesis of highly enantioenriched molecules. In this review, recent progress in this field is summarized.
Bismuth tungstate nanocomposites for simultaneous detection of hydroquinone and resorcinol
Authors: Thenrajan Thatchanamoorthy , Madhu malar Madasamy , Kumaravel Sangeetha , Rajaram Rajendran , Kundu Subrata , Wilson Jeyaraj
Published: January 2024

Bi2WO6 nanocomposites were used as effective sensors for detecting environmental pollutants hydroquinone and resorcinol for the first time. Real-time analysis was conducted with water and ointment samples in spiked and unspiked manners.
piRNAs in the human retina and retinal pigment epithelium reveal a potential role in intracellular trafficking and oxidative stress
Authors: Karpagavalli Muthuramalingam , Sivagurunathan Suganya , Panda T. Sayamsmruti , Srikakulam Nagesh , Arora Reety , Dohadwala Lamiya , Tiwary Basant K. , Sadras Sudha Rani , Arunachalam Jayamuruga Pandian , Pandi Gopal , Chidambaram Subbulakshmi
Published: January 2024

piRNAs profiled from human retina/RPE share seed sequence homology with miRNAs and lncRNAs. They play regulatory roles in intracellular transport, circadian rhythm, oxidative stress, and retinal neurodegeneration.
Adjusting surface coverage of Pt nanocatalyst decoration for selectivity control in CMOS-integrated SnO2 thin film gas sensors
Authors: Sosada-Ludwikowska F. , Reiner L. , Egger L. , Lackner E. , Krainer J. , Wimmer-Teubenbacher R. , Singh V. , Steinhauer S. , Grammatikopoulos P. , Koeck A.
Published: January 2024

The selectivity of CMOS-integrated gas sensors based on SnO2 films deposited by spray pyrolysis and functionalised with Pt nanocatalysts by magnetron-sputtering inert-gas condensation was adjusted by simply tuning the Pt nanoparticle deposition time.
Polymer removal and dispersion exchange of (10,5) chiral carbon nanotubes with enhanced 1.5 μm photoluminescence
Authors: Li Yahui , Liu Ye , Jin Feng , Cao Leitao , Jin Hehua , Qiu Song , Li Qingwen
Published: January 2024

Schematic of the dispersion exchange of SWCNTs and PL spectra of (10,5) SWCNTs introduced with sp3 defects.
Study on the preparation of ascorbic acid reduced ultrafine copper powders in the presence of different protectants and the properties of copper powders based on methionine protection
Authors: Ke Xin , Xie Bingqing , Zhang Jingguo , Wang Jianwei , Li Weiying , Ban Liqing , Hu Qiang , He Huijun , Wang Limin , Wang Zhong
Published: January 2024

By regulating the one-step secondary reduction process (Cu(ii) → CuCl(i) → Cu2O(i) → Cu(0)) is used to slow down the reaction rate and obtain high-performance ultrafine copper powder protected by methionine (Met).
Correction: The emerging role of medical foods and therapeutic potential of medical food-derived exosomes
Authors: Hur Jin-Young , Lee SeonHyung , Shin Woo-Ri , Kim Yang-Hoon , Ahn Ji-Young
Published: January 2024

Correction for ‘The emerging role of medical foods and therapeutic potential of medical food-derived exosomes’ by Jin-Young Hur et al., Nanoscale Adv., 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3na00649b.
Room temperature cured silver nanoparticle embedded hybrid nanocomposite coatings: processing and property evaluation
Authors: Manna Srikrishna , Pal Prabir , Naskar Milan Kanti , Medda Samar Kumar
Published: January 2024

In situ formation of silver nanoparticles in an inorganic–organic hybrid matrix cured at room temperature (30 ± 5 °C).
Highly dispersed ultrafine PtCo alloy nanoparticles on unique composite carbon supports for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Liu Tong , Liu Xiaokang , Li Sicheng , Zhang Xue , Luo Qiquan , Ding Tao , Yao Tao , Zhang Wei
Published: January 2024

Here, we report a simple synthetic strategy for ultrafine PtCo alloy nanoparticles loaded on a unique carbon support derived from a zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) and Ketjen Black (KB) composite.
Surface modification of multilayer graphene electrodes by local printing of platinum nanoparticles using spark ablation for neural interfacing
Authors: Bakhshaee Babaroud Nasim , Rice Samantha J. , Camarena Perez Maria , Serdijn Wouter A. , Vollebregt Sten , Giagka Vasiliki
Published: January 2024

Graphene electrode is coated with platinum nanoparticles using spark ablation to enhance the electrochemical characteristics of graphene for neural interfacing. The electrochemical stability of such coating is assessed indicating minimal deviation.
Controllable synthesis of electric double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance coupled porous carbon cathode material for zinc-ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Pan Xiaoyi , Li Qian , Wang Tongde , Shu Tie , Tao Yousheng
Published: January 2024

The designability of the porous structure of carbon material makes it a popular material for zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs).
Enhancing the lithium storage properties of molten salt-etched Ti3C2Tx through sequential intercalation of alkali ions
Authors: Ou Yanchao , Zhang Peng , Soomro Razium Ali , Qiao Ning , Cui Haonan , Xu Bin
Published: January 2024

A sequential alkali ion intercalation strategy was proposed to control the interlayer structure of Lewis acid-molten salt-etched MXenes.
Bilayer electrolyte design toward high-voltage durable solid-state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Wang Qiujun , Wang Yaqing , Ma Yanqiang , Zhang Di , Li Zhaojin , Sun Huilan , Wang Bo , Zhou Dong , Fan Li-Zhen
Published: January 2024

To obtain higher energy density, the choice of LiCoO2 (LCO) with extraordinary theoretical volumetric energy density as the cathode has absolute advantages, and more discharge capacity can be obtained by increasing the cut-off voltage.
Visible-light-promoted desulfonylative radical difluoroalkylation between difluoroenol silyl ethers and difluoroalkyl sulfones to construct functionalized aryltetrafluoroethane derivatives
Authors: Mu Miaomiao , Zhu Xiaolei , Li Jinshan , Sun Manman , Yang Jianguo , Huang Guobo , Wang Lei , Wang Zhiming
Published: January 2024

A visible-light-promoted desulfonylative radical difluoroalkylation between difluoroenol silyl ethers and difluoroalkyl sulfones has been developed.
Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of functionalized pyrrolinones containing a geminal diamine core via an aza-Friedel–Crafts reaction of newly developed pyrrolinone ketimines
Authors: Zhang Tong , Wang Zhen-Hua , Li Yong , Zhao Jian-Qiang , You Yong , Zhang Yan-Ping , Yin Jun-Qing , Yuan Wei-Cheng
Published: January 2024

A class of novel pyrrolinone ketimines was synthesized for the first time and applied to the asymmetric aza-Friedel–Crafts reaction with phenolic compounds.
One-drop chemosensing of dapoxetine hydrochloride using opto-analysis by multi-channel μPAD decorated silver nanoparticles: introducing a paper-based microfluidic portable device/sensor toward naked-eye pharmaceutical analysis by lab-on-paper technology
Authors: Bahavarnia Farnaz , Kohansal Fereshteh , Hasanzadeh Mohammad
Published: January 2024

Dapoxetine (DPX) belongs to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class and functions by blocking the serotonin transporter and increasing serotonin activity, thereby delaying ejaculation.
Examination of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus in cervical and lumbar intervertebral disc herniation patients by scanning acoustic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy
Authors: Tanoren Bukem , Dipcin Beste , Birdogan Selcuk , Unlu Mehmet Burcin , Ozdol Cagatay , Aghayev Kamrhan
Published: January 2024

Scanning acoustic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy of annulus fibrous and nucleus pulposus tissues from patients with intervertebral disc herniation were performed, to analyse and determine the acoustic property variations in the tissues.
Telechelic sequence-defined oligoamides: their step-economical synthesis, depolymerization and use in polymer networks
Authors: De Franceschi Irene , Badi Nezha , Du Prez Filip E.
Published: January 2024

Sequence-defined oligoamides are prepared using functionalized unnatural amino acids. Their depolymerization and thermal properties are reported. A bidirectional growth method is applied for the design of telechelic oligoamides to form networks.
RGB tri-luminescence in organic–inorganic zirconium halide perovskites
Authors: Wang Chuying , Meng Wen , Luo Guigen , Xu Guangyong , Peng Min , Xu Bin , Nie Shuming , Deng Zhengtao
Published: January 2024

We synthesize ((C2H5)4N)2ZrCl6 samples with adjustable tri-luminescence of blue, red and green, achieving an anti-counterfeiting device, a white light-emitting diode (WLED) with CRI up to 95 and information encryption under different excitations.
Aldehyde-mediated inhibition of asparagine biosynthesis has implications for diabetes and alcoholism
Authors: John Tobias , Saffoon Nadia , Walsby-Tickle John , Hester Svenja S. , Dingler Felix A. , Millington Christopher L. , McCullagh James S. O. , Patel Ketan J. , Hopkinson Richard J. , Schofield Christopher J.
Published: January 2024

Asparagine levels are reduced in patients with diabetes and alcoholism. A plausible mechanism is that aldehydes elevated in these diseases react with the N-terminal cysteine of asparagine synthetase B, so inhibiting asparagine production.
Separation of the heme protein cytochrome C using a 3D structured graphene oxide bionanocomposite as an adsorbent
Authors: Bezerra de Araujo Caroline Maria , Rios Albertina Gonçalves , Ghislandi Marcos Gomes , Ferreira Alexandre Filipe Porfírio , Alves da Motta Sobrinho Maurício , Rodrigues Alírio Egídio
Published: January 2024

The predicted maximum adsorption capacity was 404 mg g−1, and the GO bionanocomposite was effective in adsorbing cytochrome C in a mix with BSA and l-phenylalanine. Fixed bed tests showed that cytochrome C was successfully recovered after desorption.
Numerical modeling of the effects of the shape and aspect ratio of 3D curved fiber on the percolation threshold and electrical conductivity of conductive polymer composites
Authors: Yuan Hui , Chen Huisu , Sun Shaobo , Li Mingqi , Liu Zhiyong , Liu Lin
Published: January 2024

For designing conductive polymer composites (CPCs), understanding how the fiber curvature affects the percolation behavior of curved conductive fibers is essential for determining the effective electrical conductivity σeff of the CPCs.
A tutorial review for research laboratories to support the vital path toward inherently sustainable and green synthetic chemistry
Authors: Kernaghan Sarah M. , Coady Tracey , Kinsella Michael , Lennon Claire M.
Published: January 2024

Journeying towards inherently sustainable and green synthetic chemistry. Commitment to change and (re)design of practices, processes and goals, through reflection, awareness and education.
A hydrophilic Janus-faced separator with functionalized nanocarbon for stable cycling of aqueous Zn-metal batteries
Authors: Lee Hyuntae , Kang Jiwoong , Kang Ho Won , Lee Mingyu , Han Jaewoong , Lim Minhong , Lee Jaeho , Kwon Woosuck , Nam Dae-Hyun , Kim Byung Gon , Lee Hongkyung
Published: January 2024

A Janus separator incorporating an aCSL, an acid-enhanced carbon nanopowder layer, enhances Zn plating uniformity and boosts reversibility, curtailing “dead” Zn and minimizing H2O-related side reactions.
Two-dimensional Janus chalcogenides: candidates for efficient photocatalysts and piezoelectric materials
Authors: Qi Chenchen , Yan Cuixia , Li Qiuyang , Yang Ting , Qiu Shi , Cai Jinming
Published: January 2024

Our research provides potential candidate materials for photocatalysts and piezoelectric materials, which provides theoretical support for the experimental preparation of piezoelectric photocatalytic materials.
Transition from the Wenzel to Cassie–Baxter state by PFOTES/TiO2 nanoparticles leading to a mechanically robust and damage/contamination-recoverable surface
Authors: Heo Ki Joon , Yoo Jae Hyun , Shin Juhun , Huang Wei , Tiwari Manish K. , Jung Jae Hee , Parkin Ivan P. , Carmalt Claire J. , Hwang Gi Byoung
Published: January 2024

A mechanically robust and damage/contamination recoverable superhydrophobic surface consisting of UHMWPE and PFOTES/TiO2 NPs.
An optimized heterointerface of BiVO4/C3N4 by Co single atom and F-doping for boosting photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Xia Sihong , Xu Fenghua , Weng Baicheng
Published: January 2024

A new strategy for boosting photocatalytic activity by optimizing the band structure of a heterojunction is proposed, and the photoanode achieves a current density of 5.89 mA cm−2 at 1.23 VRHE.
Indanone-based conjugated polymers enabling ultrafast electron transfer for visible light-driven hydrogen evolution from water
Authors: Huang Tse-Fu , Zhuang Ying-Rang , Chang Chih-Li , Huang Ching-Li , Lin Wei-Cheng , Jiang Zi-Cheng , Ting Li-Yu , Mekhemer Islam M. A. , Sun Yu-En , Kidkhunthod Pinit , Chen Jeng-Lung , Huang Yi-Chan , Hsu Hung-Kai , Tseng Yuan-Ting , Wu Yi-Hsiang , Li Bing-Heng , Yang Shang-Da , Cheng Yen-Ju , Chou Ho-Hsiu
Published: January 2024

Our study underscores that ICTDB, a polymer with one malononitrile substitution, outperforms in the HER and displays enhanced ultrafast charge transfer capabilities.
Rational design of dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide-containing conjugated polymers for highly efficient photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide in pure water
Authors: Wu Jun , Zhang Qi , Wang Feng
Published: January 2024

PSO-BN2 with dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide and pyrazine as the building block exhibited an exceptionally high H2O2 rate of 6996 μmol h−1 g−1 in pure water without any sacrificial agent.
Pre-formulation of an additive combination of two antimicrobial agents, clofazimine and nisin A, to boost antimicrobial activity
Authors: Naranjo Mateo Flores , Kumar Ajay , Ratrey Poonam , Hudson Sarah P.
Published: January 2024

A novel design platform for new antimicrobial peptide therapies using a blend of pre-formulation technologies with the multi-hurdle approach of selecting combinations of antimicrobial drugs with different effects on microbes.
Visible light-based 3D bioprinted composite scaffolds of κ-carrageenan for bone tissue engineering applications
Authors: Kumari Sushma , Mondal Pritiranjan , Tyeb Suhela , Chatterjee Kaushik
Published: January 2024

Through DLP printing, composite hydrogels of methacrylate-κ-carrageenan (MA-κ-CA-BSNP) encapsulated with bioactive silica nanoparticles have been fabricated into complex bone structures, such as the gyroid, with high precision and resolution.
Calcium-enriched carbon nanoparticles loaded with indocyanine green for near-infrared fluorescence imaging-guided synergistic calcium overload, photothermal therapy, and glutathione-depletion-enhanced photodynamic therapy
Authors: Pang E , Li Xiangcao , Zhao Shaojing , Tang Yuanyu , Xing Xuejian , Wang Qin , Yang Ke , Wang Benhua , Jin Shiguang , Song Xiangzhi , Lan Minhuan
Published: January 2024

Calcium-enriched carbon nanoparticles loaded with indocyanine green for near-infrared fluorescence imaging-guided synergistic calcium overload, photothermal therapy, and GSH-depletion-enhanced photodynamic therapy.
Morphological evolution of individual microrods to self-assembled 3D hierarchical flower architectures of CuBixIn1−xSe2 for photo response applications
Authors: Priyadarshini Priyanka , Senapati Subrata , Mohapatra Ashutosh , Pradhan Monalisa , Alagarasan Devarajan , Naik Ramakanta
Published: January 2024

CuBixIn1−xSe2 3D hierarchical microrod-based flowers were prepared by microwave-mediated method. The morphology tuning for different Bi/In content shows optical and electrical properties variation with better white light photo response applications.
In situ efficient growth of Rubik nanocube WO3·0.33H2O array films for high-performance electrochromic energy storage devices
Authors: Jia Sensen , Lei Pengyang , Wang Zhuanpei , Yang Weilong , Wang Jinhui , Cai Guofa
Published: January 2024

This work provides a facile and highly efficient strategy for the in situ growth of electrochromic WO3·0.33H2O films on FTO substrates under the synergistic assistance of green hydrogen peroxide and ethylene glycol in a hydrothermal system.
Identification of a 10-mer peptide from the death domain of MyD88 which attenuates inflammation and insulin resistance and improves glucose metabolism
Authors: Ali Mehmood , Kumari Tripti , Gupta Arvind , Akhtar Sariyah , Verma Rahul Dev , Ghosh Jimut Kanti
Published: January 2024

Insulin resistance (IR) is the key pathophysiological cause of type 2 diabetes, and inflammation has been implicated in it. The death domain (DD) of the adaptor protein, MyD88 plays a crucial role in the transduction of TLR4-associated inflammatory signal. Herein, we have identified a 10-residue peptide (M10), from the DD of MyD88 which seems to be involved in Myddosome formation. We hypothesized that M10 could inhibit MyD88-dependent TLR4-signaling and might have effects on inflammation-associated IR. Intriguingly, 10-mer M10 showed oligomeric nature and reversible self-assembly property indicating the peptide's ability to recognize its own amino acid sequence. M10 inhibited LPS-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB in L6 myotubes and also reduced LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-α production in peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice. Remarkably, M10 inhibited IL-6 and TNF-α secretion in diabetic, db/db mice. Notably, M10 abrogated IR in insulin-resistant L6 myotubes, which was associated with an increase in glucose uptake and a decrease in Ser307-phosphorylation of IRS1, TNF-α-induced JNK activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in these cells. Alternate day dosing with M10 (10 and 20 mg/kg) for 30 days in db/db mice significantly lowered blood glucose and improved glucose intolerance after loading, 3.0 g/kg glucose orally. Furthermore, M10 increased insulin and adiponectin secretion in db/db mice. M10-induced glucose uptake in L6 myotubes involved the activation of PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 pathways. A scrambled M10-analog was mostly inactive. Overall, the results show the identification of a 10-mer peptide from the DD of MyD88 with anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties, suggesting that targeting of TLR4-inflammatory pathway, could lead to the discovery of molecules against IR and diabetes.
Improve Code Summarization via Prompt-Tuning CodeT5
Authors: LI Huanzhen
Published: January 2024

Code comments are crucial in software engineering, aiding in program maintenance and code reuse. The process of generating clear and descriptive code comments, outlining code functionality, is called code summarization. Existing code summarization methods are typically trained using transformer-based models. However, these trained models often possess limited parameters and lack specific training tasks, hindering their ability to capture code semantics effectively. This paper uses a high-capacity pre-trained model, CodeT5, for code summarization. CodeT5 is designed with an encoder-decoder architecture that excels in code summarization tasks. Furthermore, we adopt a novel paradigm, "pre-train, prompt, predict", to unlock the knowledge embedded within CodeT5. We devise a prompt template to convert input code into code prompts and fine-tune CodeT5 with these prompts—a process we term prompt tuning. Our effectiveness experiments demonstrate that prompt tuning CodeT5 with only 40% of the dataset can achieve comparable performance to fine-tuning CodeT5 with 100% of the dataset. This means our approach is applicable in few-shot learning scenarios. Additionally, our prompt learning method is not sensitive to the size of the tuning dataset. Our practicality experiments show that the performance of prompt-tuned CodeT5 far surpasses that of transformer-based models trained on code-comment datasets collected from Stack Overflow.
Analysis and Improvement on an Authentication Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks in Internet of Things Environment
Authors: LI Anqian , KANG Baoyuan , ZUO Xinyu , HUO Yuyan , NIU Shufang , SUN Zhu
Published: January 2024

Nowadays, Internet of Everything has become a major trend, and Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are core technologies for IoT to sense the real world. Due to the unattended and resource-constrained characteristics of WSNs, it is a great challenge to design an efficient and secure authentication scheme for communication between users and sensor nodes in WSNs. Recently, Hu et al proposed an authentication scheme for WSNs in an IoT environment. They claimed that their scheme could maximize the balance between security and computational cost as well as efficiency, and be resistant to many known attacks. However, we find that the scheme is difficult to resist stolen smart card attack and denial-of-service attack. Moreover, during the login and key negotiation phase of the scheme, Gateway (GWN) is unable to extract key values for subsequent computation based on the messages sent by the sensor nodes, which in turn leads to the inability to achieve mutual authentication and key agreement. To overcome these shortcomings, we propose an improved scheme. The proposed scheme enables real-time data exchange and transmission as well as secure communication between users and sensor nodes.
Wege aufs Land – Wie Medizinstudierende für die
Tätigkeit im ländlichen Raum gewonnen werden
Authors: Lukaschek Karoline , Sporkert Anna , Blank Wolfgang A
Published: January 2024

Hintergrund Das Exzellent-Projekt „LandArztMacher“
versucht, mit vielfältigen Ansätzen dem prognostizierten
LandärztInnenmangel zu trotzen.

Methode Die „LandArztMacher“ organisieren eine
vierwöchige Gruppenfamulatur im Bayerischen Wald in Praxen und Kliniken
mit gemeinsamen Lehrveranstaltungen. Teilnehmende wurden vor und nach dem
Praktikum zu den Themen „Wichtigkeit eines Praktikums im
ländlichen Raum“; „Attraktivität des
ländlichen Raums“ (Skala: 0/keine bis 10/volle
Zustimmung) sowie die persönlichen Vorstellungen über die
Aufgaben von AllgemeinmedizinerInnen (Skala: 0/ keine bis
100/exakte Vorstellung) befragt. Bei vorliegender Arbeit handelt sich um
eine wiederholte Querschnittstudie, bzw. um eine Vorher-Nachher-Studie. Als
Lagemaß wird der Median berichtet, als Streuungsmaß der
Interquartilsbereich.

Ergebnisse Die Teilnehmenden (N=363, 74% weiblich,
n=267, Alter: Spannbreite 19–46 Jahre, Mittelwert: 23,2 Jahre,
SD: 2,41 Jahre) aus dem klinischen Abschnitt des Medizinstudiums hielten ein
Praktikum im ländlichen Raum vorher wie nachher für sehr wichtig
(Median: 8 bzw. 9) und können sich gut vorstellen, später auf
dem Land zu arbeiten (Median: 7 bzw. 8). Ihre Einstellung zum kulturellen
Angebot oder der Infrastruktur änderte sich nicht (jeweils Median: 6).
Nach dem Praktikum hatten die Studierenden eine sehr viel genauere Vorstellung
über die Tätigkeit von AllgemeinmedizinerInnen (Median: 65 bzw.
90).

Zusammenfassung Ein attraktives, vierwöchiges Praktikum im
ländlichen Raum kann durch individuelle Betreuung und gemeinschaftliche
Fortbildungen die Attraktivität der späteren Tätigkeit
auf dem Land steigern.
PMA – Zeolite (Clinoptilolite) in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome – a Non-Interventional Study
Authors: Mosgoeller Wilhelm , Muss Claus , Eisenwagen Sandra , Jagsch Reinhold , Vogelsang Harald
Published: January 2024

In clinical practice, the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be very challenging. The aims of the present non-interventional study (NIS) were to investigate the tolerability and efficacy of PMA-zeolite under everyday conditions in patients with diarrheic IBS type (IBS-D) or constipated type (IBS-C) or mixed type (IBS-M).

Methods To document prospective data on tolerability and symptom frequency in the frame of a nationwide NIS, we recruited 204 IBS patients. The study focused on the IBS-related quality of life (measured by the SF-36 questionnaire) and improvements of IBS-related symptoms according to specific ROM-III criteria and stool consistency (Bristol stool scale). The participants documented their abdominal pain, bloating, number of bowel movements, and stool consistency through a web-based internet platform (initial and exit questionnaires) and daily diary entries over the period of intake (8 weeks).

Results A total of 82.2% of the recruited patients had filled in the questionnaires before and after the 8-week treatment with PMA-zeolite. Seven of the eight subscales of the SF-36 improved significantly (p<0,001); the reduction in abdominal pain was especially significant (p<0,001). The diary entries confirmed the reduction in abdominal pain and revealed a significant reduction in days with bloating (p<0,001). The Bristol-stool-scale analysis showed improvements; particularly, patients with IBS-D benefited from the treatment (p<0,001).

Conclusion The treatment duration of 8 weeks was well tolerated by most patients. Under everyday life conditions, PMA-zeolite alleviated the global IBS-related symptoms and raised the quality of life (QOL). The PMA-zeolite, thus, may represent a good adjuvant therapeutic option for patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
Pituitary metastasis arising from hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report and update of the literature
Authors: Rodriguez Isaac , Vogel Lena , Dreher Constantin , Cherkezov Asan , Giordano Frank , Frölich Matthias , Ebert Matthias Philip , Teufel Andreas , Boda-Heggemann Judit
Published: January 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common neoplasia and the third leading cause of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Most cases arise in patients with cirrhosis, and early detection through periodic screening can make it potentially curable. The presence of extrahepatic metastases (EHM) affects treatment decisions and curability. The lungs are the most common site for EHM, followed by lymph nodes, bones, and the adrenal glands. Interestingly, approximately only 15 cases of HCC metastasizing to the pituitary gland have been reported so far.

The most common symptoms of pituitary metastasis (PM) arising from HCC are nerve palsies affecting the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves. Other symptoms, such as diabetes insipidus or pituitary insufficiencies, are present in a minority of cases. Detecting PM is difficult given its rarity. Gold-standard treatments for these patients have not yet been established, but the prognosis is dismal, with a median overall survival of only 4.5 months. In this paper, we present an interesting case of PM as the first symptom of an HCC in a 75-year-old female. We also present an overview of all cases reported to date with emphasis on symptom presentation and survival after diagnosis.

Given the improvement of systemic therapy, more cases are diagnosed in both oligometastatic and palliative conditions. Therefore, better approaches and treatment modalities for extrahepatic metastases due to HCC should be defined.
Relapsing Polychondritis with Tracheobronchial Involvement: A
Detailed Description of Two Pediatric Cases and Review of the
Literature
Authors: Winter Greta , Löffelmann Tara , Chaya Shaakira , Kaiser Hannah , Prenzler Nils Kristian , Warnecke Athanasia , Wetzke Martin , Derlin Thorsten , Renz Diane , Stueber Thomas , Länger Florian , Schütz Katharina , Schwerk Nicolaus
Published: January 2024

Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare immune-mediated disease that primarily
affects the cartilaginous structures of the ears, nose and airways. The clinical
spectrum ranges from mild to severe disease characterized by progressive
destruction of cartilage in the tracheobronchial tree leading to airway
obstruction and acute respiratory failure. Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent
irreversible airway damage and life-threatening complications. Due to its rarity
and variability of symptoms, the diagnosis of RP is often delayed particularly
in childhood. To address this and increase awareness of this rare disease, we
present a detailed case report of two adolescent females affected by RP. We aim
to describe the clinical findings, consequences of a delayed diagnosis and
provide a review of the current literature.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Volicitin and 9-D
1-Volicitin
Authors: Ogawa Narihito , Mamada Shunki , Niwa Kosuke , Toyoshima Shoya , Seto Yoshiya
Published: January 2024

The synthesis of volicitin involved the condensation of l-(+)-glutamine with 17(S)-hydroxylinolenoic acid, derived from a Wittig reaction between the C10–C18 phosphonium salt and the C1–C9 aldehyde. The phosphonium salt was prepared through the alkynylation of a (Z)-allylic phosphate with an alkyne derived from (2S)-but-3-yn-2-ol. The deuterated aldehyde was derived with a 96% deuteration ratio by reduction of the C1–C9 methyl ester with NaBD4, followed by oxidation. Subsequently, 9-D
1-volicitin was synthesized from the monodeuterated aldehyde by using the Wittig reaction and condensation with l-(+)-glutamine.
Simplifying the Decision-Making Process in the Treatment of Kienböck's Disease
Authors: Tee Richard , Butler Stephen , Ek Eugene T. , Tham Stephen K.
Published: January 2024

Background In recent years, the classification and treatment algorithm for adult Kienböck's disease (KD) has expanded. However, the priority of the investigations done in determining its management has not been discussed, as not every patient with KD requires magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or wrist arthroscopy.

Materials and Methods We discuss the role of these investigations and emphasize the importance of computed tomography (CT) imaging in evaluating the cortical integrity of the lunate and its role in the decision-making process and management of KD.

Results We put forward an investigative algorithm that places into context the investigative roles of MRI, arthroscopy, and CT.

Conclusion KD is a rare condition, and there is a lack of comparative studies to help us choose the preferred treatment. The decision on the management options in adult KD may be made by determining the integrity of the lunate cortex and deciding whether the lunate is salvageable or not by CT scan. MRI may provide useful information on the vascular status if the lunate cortex is intact, and the lunate is salvageable. If the lunate is fragmented, it is not salvageable, and MRI does not provide useful information. Arthroscopy has a role in selective cases.
Stereotypic Behaviour in Elephants
Authors: Rees Paul A.
Published: January 2024

Stereotypic behaviour is undesirable in zoos, especially when it occurs in large sentient mammals such as elephants because there is evidence that it is often linked to poor welfare conditions and suboptimal management. Elephant managers make great efforts to prevent, or at least reduce, the performance of stereotypic behaviours and this is perceived as beneficial for individual animals. Some studies of stereotypic behaviours in mammals have found links with central nervous system dysfunction while others have suggested that stereotypies reduce stress in captive environments and function as a coping mechanism. Although repetitive behaviours are common in mammals, only some of these behaviours are strictly speaking stereotypic in nature, that is to say, they have no obvious purpose. This case study examines the nature of stereotypic behaviours and other repetitive behaviours in elephants, their aetiology and changes in elephant management that might result in a reduction in stereotypic behaviours and a consequent welfare gain.

Information

© The Author 2024
Exploring anisotropic flow via the Boltzmann transport equation employing the Tsallis blast wave description at LHC energies
Authors: Akhil Aviral , Tiwari Swatantra Kumar
Published: January 2024

Anisotropic flows i.e. azimuthal anisotropies in the particle production are one of the important probes in characterizing the properties of the strongly interacting matter created in the relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These observables are sensitive to both the transport properties as well as the equation of state of the quantum chromodynamics matter. We have adopted the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) in the relaxation time approximation to describe the experimental data for harmonic flows such as elliptic flow (v
2), triangular flow (v
3), quadrangular flow (v
4) obtained in heavy-ion collisions at large hadron collider (LHC) energies. In this analysis, we have used Tsallis statistics as an initial distribution and the Tsallis blast wave description is used as the equilibrium distribution function while describing the evolution of the particle production in BTE. We have fitted the transverse momentum spectra, v
2, v
3, and v
4 of identified hadrons such as pion, kaon, and proton for Pb–Pb and Xe–Xe collisions at the LHC energies of

s

NN

= 5.02 TeV and

s

NN

= 5.44 TeV, respectively for various centralities. Our study offers the comparative analysis between the two distinct collision systems operating at comparable collision energies. The present formulation successfully fits the experimental data for p

T
- spectra upto p

T
= 8 GeV and effectively explains the anisotropic flows data upto p

T
= 10 GeV with a very favourable χ
2/ndf. We observe that the average transverse flow velocity (〈β〉) and the kinetic freeze-out temperature (T) extracted in our analysis decrease as we go towards the peripheral collisions. Non-extensive parameters (q

AA
and q

pp
) exhibit an ascending trend from central to peripheral collisions, signifying an almost thermalized system in the most central collisions and a non-equilibrium state in peripheral ones. The azimuthal modulation amplitudes (ρ

a
) for v
2, v
3, and v
4 exhibit an increasing pattern as one moves from the most central to peripheral collisions in both the Pb–Pb and Xe–Xe nuclei interactions.
Sketch-guided spatial adaptive normalization and high-level feature constraints based GAN image synthesis for steel strip defect detection data augmentation
Authors: Ran Guangjun , Yao Xifan , Wang Kesai , Ye Jinsheng , Ou Shuhui
Published: January 2024

Deep learning methods have made remarkable strides in surface defect detection. But, they heavily rely on large amount of training data, which can be a costly endeavor, especially for specific applications like steel strip surface defect detection, where acquiring and labeling large-scale data is impractical due to the rarity of certain defective categories in production environment. Hence, realistic defect image synthesis can greatly alleviate this issue. However, training image generation networks also demand substantial data, making image data augmentation merely an auxiliary effort. In this work, we propose a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based image synthesis framework. We selectively extract the defect edges of the original image as well as the background texture information, and use them as network input through the spatially-adaptive (de)normalization (SPADE) module. This enriches the input information, thus significantly reducing the amount of training data for GAN network in image generation, and enhancing the background details as well as the defect boundaries in the generated images. Additionally, we introduce a novel generator loss term that balances the similarity and perceptual fidelity between synthetic and real images by constraining high-level features at different feature levels. This provides more valuable information for data augmentation in training object detection models using synthetic images. Our experimental results demonstrate the sophistication of the proposed image synthesis method and its effectiveness in data augmentation for steel strip surface defect detection tasks.
Tunable stiffness design of curved-crease origami and extended quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator
Authors: Zhou Ya , Tachi Tomohiro , Cai Jianguo , Feng Jian
Published: January 2024

A kind of origami tube based on the curved crease, which has a tunable stiffness, was designed, fabricated, tested, and extended to the concept of a quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) vibration isolator. The regulating function of crease stiffness on the overall origami stiffness without changes in the crease pattern was verified by single-crease models. With various opening ratios along the creases, three tubes composed of mirrored single-crease origami were designed, fabricated by 3D printing, and compressively tested. The test results present the potential of the approach of QZS. Further, the elastic-frictionless origami tubes were redesigned and simulated to obtain the target stiffness. The cubic term fitting of the load curve was adopted by the harmonic balance method to solve the steady-state vibration response, and then the simulation results obtained by the finite element method (FEM) were compared. The study shows that the designed elastic-frictionless isolator has a good low-frequency vibration isolation performance. The concept of the simple stiffness control method of curved-crease origami provides more practice options for high static and low dynamic stiffness systems.
Multifunctional composite structures with embedded conductive yarns for shock load monitoring and failure detection
Authors: Chaudhary Birendra , Matos Helio , Das Sumanta , Owens Jim
Published: January 2024

This study evaluates the performance of composite structures with embedded conductive yarns during shock loads to create a multifunctional system for immediate failure detection. The scalable sensing yarns were made by braiding Kevlar fibers with Nitinol fibers and then integrating them into a carbon/epoxy prepreg. The multifunctional structure was subjected to a Mach 2 air blast load using a shock tube apparatus. The embedded sensor yarns were used to record their electrical performance, while Digital Image Correlation captured full-field displacements, velocities, and strains. In addition, pressure transducers measured shock event pressures. The results revealed that through-thickness failure of the laminated composite occurred at approximately 2.5% strain, which was visually observable. However, the embedded sensor exhibited out-of-range electrical measurements at around 1.5% strain, even though no visible structural damage was present. This demonstrates the embedded sensing yarns’ ability to detect delamination-type failures by responding to interlaminate damage, highlighting their advantages over conventional external sensors. Similarly, the gauge factor for the fiber system was determined to be 1.89 ± 0.07. This multifunctional system shows great potential for enhancing composite structure safety and performance in high-performance aerospace applications and offering real-time structural health assessment.
Realizing stretchable energy harvesting film through stretch-buckling conversion of wavy base
Authors: Gwak Yunki , Kim Nayoung , Victoria Adebisi Oluwabukola , Yun Jung-Hoon
Published: January 2024

In this study, we designed and fabricated a stretchable energy harvesting device. This device operates by inducing buckling in the Lead Zirconate Titanate film through tension applied to the wavy base, resulting in voltage generation. Both simulations and experiments demonstrate that the aspect ratio between the pitch and curve radius of the symmetric wavy base influences the energy conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric device. An in-depth analysis revealed that increasing the resolution of the device leads to a proportional increase in energy conversion efficiency. This finding aligns with the mathematical modeling proposed in our study. Consequently, our study demonstrates the potential of miniaturized wavy piezoelectric devices in diverse applications, including soft robotics, wearable devices, and highly sensitive stretchable sensors. These devices hold promise for enhancing the efficiency of flexible devices by harnessing energy from mechanical movement.
Activation of metrologically useful genuine multipartite entanglement
Authors: Trényi Róbert , Lukács Árpád , Horodecki Paweł , Horodecki Ryszard , Vértesi Tamás , Tóth Géza
Published: January 2024

We consider quantum metrology with several copies of bipartite and multipartite quantum states. We characterize the metrological usefulness by determining how much the state outperforms separable states. We identify a large class of entangled states that become maximally useful for metrology in the limit of large number of copies, even if the state is weakly entangled and not even more useful than separable states. This way we activate metrologically useful genuine multipartite entanglement. Remarkably, not only that the maximally achievable metrological usefulness is attained exponentially fast in the number of copies, but it can be achieved by the measurement of few simple correlation observables. We also make general statements about the usefulness of a single copy of pure entangled states. We surprisingly find that the multiqubit states presented in Hyllus et al (2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 012337), which are not useful, become useful if we embed the qubits locally in qutrits. We discuss the relation of our scheme to error correction, and its possible use for quantum metrology in a noisy environment.
Active control of polarization-dependent terahertz surface plasmonic wave excitation using coupled graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces
Authors: Su Hao , Li Quan , Xu Guanghong , Huang Hai , Wang Shuang
Published: January 2024

Active control of terahertz surface plasmonic wave (SPW) intensity in the propagation direction holds substantial significance for advanced terahertz functional devices. In this study, we propose a graphene-metal hybrid split-ring slit resonator (SRSR) array metasurfaces and employ the concept of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to achieve excitation of asymmetric SPWs under various polarization states. By individually integrating two graphene ribbons into the two split-ring slit gaps and applying different bias voltages, we observed a gradual transition in the excitation behavior of asymmetric terahertz SPWs, ultimately resembling that of a single SRSR. Near-field simulations reveal that this phenomenon is attributed to the short-connection effect of graphene. Our proposed graphene-metal active hybrid metasurface introduces a novel approach to realize active SPWs devices, holding potential applications in terahertz on-chip communication.