bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microvascular Angina: Diagnosis, Assessment, and Treatment
Authors: H.E.M. Maas Angela H.E.M. , Milasinovic Dejan , Berry Colin , Escaned Javier
Published: November 2022

In patients with angina symptoms but with no coronary artery disease, as revealed by normal or near-normal coronary angiogram, a potential diagnosis of microvascular angina (MVA) might be considered.

This review examines the evidence on long-term prognosis, state-of-the-art assessment and treatment strategies, and the overwhelming need for standardisation of diagnostic pathways in this patient population. The rising clinical relevance of MVA is explored along with how the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease on coronary angiography may not be a guarantee of benign prognosis in this patient subgroup.

A definitive diagnosis of MVA requires evidence of coronary microvascular dysfunction found in up to 60% of patients with symptoms or signs of myocardial ischaemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease. Sex differences affect immune responses associated with hormonal, genetic, and environmental factors, and identification of patients susceptible to microvascular dysfunction ultimately requires the examination of the functional capacity of microvasculature for the proper diagnosis of MVA.

Studies of novel therapies are now more widely available, the positive results of which will encourage more extensive studies in the future. Currently, the evidence base seems to support a stratified approach with medication therapy tailored to the findings of the assessment of the microcirculation.
Stent or Scaffold Thrombosis: Past, Current, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Wada Hideki , Mattson Peter C. , Iwata Hiroshi
Published: November 2022

Stent thrombosis (ST) is uncommon yet constitutes the most feared complication following percutaneous coronary intervention. Although its incidence is now <1% within a year after stenting in patients receiving second or later-generation drug-eluting stents (DES), compared to those in the first-generation DES-era, the clinical impact of ST is still high, because the majority of cases with ST are complicated by critical consequences, including myocardial infarction and even sudden cardiac death. Moreover, the pathophysiology and risk factors leading to ST were recently re-recognised, as bioresorbable scaffolds (or biodegradable vascular scaffolds) have now been developed, and concerns have arisen regarding scaffold thrombosis, which serves as another ‘ST’. Accumulating evidence through the bare-metal stent and DES-era has identified clinical factors associated with increased risk of ST, such as patient-related, lesion-related, procedure-related, and post-procedure-related risk factors. Therefore, this short review describes updated pathophysiology and contributing risk factors for stent (or scaffold) thrombosis, which are useful for risk stratification in patients with coronary artery disease in the late metallic DES-era or at the beginning of the bioresorbable scaffolds era.
Keratolysis pitted: Bacterial mimic of mycosis of feet’s skin (clinical cases and literature review)
Authors: Yakovlev A. B.
Published: November 2022

Keratolysis pitted (KP) is a poorly studied infectious disease of the skin of the feet, often occurring without subjective sensations. One of the features of the disease is that nine genera of bacteria can cause similar symptoms on the soles. Many dermatologists and general practitioners consider this disease to be mycosis, and prescribe the wrong treatment to the patient for many months. At the same time, against the background of KP, conditions are created for the occurrence of sensitization and the development of microbial eczema.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Flört Şiddeti Davranışlarına Yönelik Tutumlarının Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitliği Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi: Eskişehir Örneği | The Attitudes of University Students towards Dating Violence within the Context of Gender Equality
Authors: SUNGUR TAŞDEMİR Zerrin , KARAKUŞ YETKİN Mine , KARAKUŞ Melis
Published: November 2022

Bir kadının yabancı bir kişiden gördüğü şiddet ve istismarın dinamikleri, bununla baş etme stratejisi, tanıdığı, yakın ilişki içinde bulunduğu bir kişiden gördüğü istismardan ve bununla baş etmek için geliştirdiği yöntemlerden farklıdır. Dolayısıyla kadına yönelik şiddetle ilgili araştırmaların bu farklılıkları göz önünde bulundurması önemlidir. Bu kabulden yola çıkarak, söz konusu çalışma ile toplumsal cinsiyet algısı ve içkin ataerkil bakış açısı bağlamında Eskişehir’deki üniversitelerde okuyan öğrencilerin flört şiddeti davranışlarına yönelik tutum ve algılarını tespit edip ikisi arasındaki ilişki ortaya konmaktadır. Betimleyici tipte olan bu araştırma Mayıs 2020-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında Eskişehir’deki üniversitelerde örgün öğrenim gören öğrencilerle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Covid 19 Pandemi koşullarında çevrimiçi olarak uygulanan araştırma 430 katılımcıyla tamamlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak araştırma bulguları üniversite öğrencilerinin kamusal alanı erkekle özel alanı kadınla ilişkilendiren geleneksel cinsiyetçi rolleri içeren ifadelere büyük oranda katılmadıklarını göstermektedir. Toplumsal cinsiyetçi tutum ve flört şiddeti tutum arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Dolayısıyla gençlerin flört döneminde maruz kaldıkları ve uyguladıkları şiddet davranışlarının azalmasına yönelik çalışmalar kapsamında toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğine yönelik duyarlılığın arttırılmasının da önemli olduğu görülmektedir.
Interfaith Marriage in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire: Legal and Social Aspects
Authors: GARA Eleni
Published: November 2022

Marriage in the Ottoman Empire was regulated by religious law, sultanic decrees, and local custom. In the multiethnic and multireligious realm of the sultans, men and women were expected to marry within their own religious community, according to the latter’s rites and in conformance with its rules, observances, and traditions. This social expectation, however, did not preclude interfaith marriages as long as the latter were sanctioned by the religious authorities concerned or were concluded in a way permissible under Ottoman law, namely with an Islamic marriage contract registered at a kadi court. The most common kinds of interfaith marriage were unions of Muslim men with non-Muslim women and of European foreigners with local Christians. We know about such unions from a variety of sources and some aspects of the issue have already drawn the attention of historians. This article focuses on the early modern period and is concerned with the legal underpinnings that allowed interfaith marriages, the judicial practice concerning them and the stance of the Orthodox Church towards women married outside the faith. The article presents the preliminary results of an ongoing research based on Ottoman, Greek and European sources that investigates the power of the Orthodox Church to implement canon law and its prohibitions, which also includes the prohibition to marry a non-Orthodox person.
The Implementation Of Multiple Intelligences In High Class Learning At The Stage State Elementary School Kedung District Jepara Regency
Authors: Aan Widiyono
Published: November 2022

Nur Khomsanah. 2022. Implementasi Multiple Intelligences dalam Pembelajaran Kelas Tinggi di SD Negeri Panggung Kecamatan Kedung Kabupaten Jepara. Sarjana pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan. Universitas Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara. Dosen Pembimbing: Muhammad Misbahul Munir, M.Pd. 140. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi, faktor pendukung, hambatan dan respon siswa dalam menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis multiple intelligences pada siswa kelas tinggi di SD Negeri Panggung Kecamatan Kedung Kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas tinggi (kelas IV, V dan VI). Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan angket. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan langkah-langkah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kegiatan pembelajaran berbasis multiple intelligences terdiri dari 3 tahapan, yaitu kegiatan awal, kegiatan inti dan kegiatan penutup. Pada kegiatan awal diberikan apersepsi dan motivasi. Apersepsi dan motivasi tersebut berupa kegiatan alfa zona, warmer, pre-teach dan scenee setting. Sedangkan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran siswa difasilitasi untuk belajar melalui kedelapan jenis kecerdasan, yaitu: linguistik, logis-matematik, spasial-visual, kinestetik, musikal, interpersonal, intrapersonal dan naturalis. Penilaian pembelajaran dilakukan secara autentik. Faktor pendukung dalam implementasi pembelajaran berbasis multiple intelligences adalah, kompetensi guru. Adapun hambatan yang dialami dalam implementasi pembelajaran berbasis multiple intelligences adalah siswa.. Data respon siswa dalam penelitian ini diambil dari angket respon siswa dan dapat dikategorikan respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran berbasis multiple intelligences sangat baik.
 
Keywords: Implementasi multiple intelligences dalam pembelajaran
Tari Lulo Ngganda Dalam Masyarakat Tolaki Di Desa Benua Kabupaten Konawe Selatan.
Authors: Jumarli Jumarli
Published: November 2022

Penelitianinibertujuanuntukmendeskripsikan proses pelaksanaan tari lulo ngganda, menganalisis makna gerakan,nilai dan peranannya dalam pendidikan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Benua Kabupaten Konawe Selatan denganmenggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metodeobservasi,wawancaradandokumentasi.Teknikanalisisdatamenggunakanreduksidata, Klasifikasi,danpenarikankesimpulan.Hasilpenelitianmenunjukkanbahwa proses pelaksanaan tari lulo ngganda terdiri dari tahap persiapan dan pelaksanaan. Tradisilulo ngganda dilaksanakan selama 3 hari 3 malam dimulai dari munculnya13bulandi langittombaraleanggia,malamke14molambu dan malam ke15 atau mataomehe (bulan purnama). Di Desa Benua terdapat 3 Jenis tari lulo ngganda yaitu lulo tiytisu, Kolia-liangako, dan Polerusi. Makna gerakan lulo tiytisu yaitu gerakantarianinimenyerupai gerakanburung tiytiysu hal ini sebagai perwujudan hubungan antara manusia dengan alam. Kolia-liangakogerakannya melangkah selangkah demi selangkah, bermakna bahwa untuk mencapai sesuatu tujuan haruslah memiliki kemauan untuk berusaha dengan bekerja keras. Lulo Polerusiyaitu gerakan kakiyang cepat,bermaknabahwa manusiaperluberusahasecaracepatdantepat. Nilai-nilai yangterkandungdalamtradisilulo nggandayakninilaikepedulian sosial, kerja keras dankebersamaan. Peran tari lulo ngganda dalam dunia pendidikan yaitu lulo ngganda mengajarkan kepada siswa nilai sosial dan nilai agama. Kata kunci: Proses pelaksanaan, makna, nilai, pendidikan, lulo ngganda
Pembelajaran SBdP Materi Reklame Melalui Kearifan Lokal Telaga Jonge untuk Membentuk Karakter Peduli Lingkungan
Authors: Sumiyati Sumiyati
Published: November 2022

This study aims to describe the implementation of Lerning Arts, Culture and Craft in billboaard materials throug the local wisdom of Jonge Lake to form environmental care characters in 6th grade students of SD Negeri Srrepeng Semanu . This research use descriptive qualitative approach. This research was conducted in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year in grade 6th SD Negeri Srepeng Semanu, with a total of 20 students consisting of 11 male students and 9 female students. The data in this study are qualitative data obtained through observations, documentation, and field notes. Sources of data obtained from student. The result showed that 1) The implementation of SBdP learning of billboard materials through the local wisdom of Jonge Lake was able to shape the students’ environmental care character. 2) The shape of the environmental care characters of the 6th grade students of SD Negeri Srepeng Semanu can be seen in the making of billboards containing an invitation to maintain cleanliness and preserve Jonge Lake
Blood and coagulation product disposition in the modern era: An international multicenter survey endorsed by the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (EACTAIC)
Authors: Gerber Daniel , Bolliger Daniel , Agarwal Seema , Zulauf Fabio , Erdoes Gabor
Published: November 2022

Study objective

Perioperative transfusion is associated with reduced survival and increased morbidity and mortality. Several studies report wide variation in clinical transfusion practice. However, the influence of simple, practical factors–such as which blood products are available, and when - is often disregarded. We hypothesized that these practical issues are relevant confounders of transfusion decisions.

Design

Web-based survey.

Setting

Multi-institutional.

Participants

Members of the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (EACTAIC) society reached by monthly newsletter in November 2020.

Interventions

No interventions.

Measurements

Survey responses.

Main results

The newsletter was opened by 429 members. We collected 51 complete surveys, resulting in a response rate of 11.9%. 72% of participants reported having a local algorithm for the use of blood products and coagulation factors. Latency in the time of blood product delivery / availability and the possibility to store or return unused products were most often reported as having an influence on transfusion practice. For point-of-care test availability, 86% of addressees reported rotational thromboelastometry / -elastography, 76% hemoglobin tests, 24% international normalized ratio (INR) measurement and 22% platelet function testing. Six percent of the respondents did not have access to point-of-care tests. The majority of addressees reported that they were able to obtain more than 10 allogeneic blood products simultaneously (63%). Packed red blood cells were available with a delay of 10–15 min and platelets with a delay of 15–20 min.

Conclusions

Our survey indicates a wide variability in the logistics of perioperative transfusion practice. The information gained could provide a solid basis for future improvements of the guidelines, but also in local transfusion practices.
Altered blood gas tensions of oxygen and carbon dioxide confound coronary reactivity to apnea
Authors: Fischer Kady , Guensch Dominik P. , Shie Nancy , Nadeshalingham Gobinath , Lebel Julie , Friedrich Matthias G.
Published: November 2022

Purpose

Arterial blood gases change frequently during anesthesia and intensive care. Apnea can occur during diagnostic exams and airway and surgical interventions. While the impact of blood gas levels on coronary blood flow is established, their confounding effect on coronary vasoreactivity in response to an apneic stimulus, especially in coronary artery disease, is not known.

Methods

Six anesthetized control swine and eleven swine with coronary artery stenosis were examined. Nine different blood gas levels from a combination of arterial partial pressure of oxygen (70, 100, and 300 mmHg) and carbon dioxide (30, 40, and 50 mmHg) were targeted. Apnea was induced by halting controlled positive pressure ventilation for 3–30s, while the left descending coronary artery flow was measured and reported relative to apnea duration, and at the adjusted mean (12s).

Results

At normoxemic-normocapnic blood gas levels, apnea increased coronary blood flow in proportion to the duration of apnea in the control (r = 0.533, p < 0.001) and stenosed groups (r = 0.566, p < 0.001). This culminated in a 42% (95% CI: 27–58) increase in controls (p < 0.001) and, to a lesser extent, 27% (15–40) in the presence of coronary artery stenosis (p < 0.001). Vasoreactivity was augmented by mild-hypoxemic levels [81% (65–97), and 66% (53–79) increase in flow respectively, p < 0.001 vs. normoxemia], but markedly reduced during hyperoxia (7.5% (−8.2–23) and 0.3% (−12–13), respectively, p < 0.001 vs. normoxemia).

Conclusion

Alterations of blood oxygen and carbon dioxide affect coronary vascular reactivity induced by apnea in swine, which was attenuated further in the presence of coronary stenosis. Especially hyperoxia significantly reduces coronary blood flow and blunts coronary vascular reactivity.
Niobium carbide–mediated photothermal therapy for infected wound treatment
Authors: Ren Junyu , Da Junlong , Wu Wei , Zheng Ce , Hu Narisu
Published: November 2022

Bacterial infections of the wounds on the skin surface significantly reduce the rate of wound healing, potentially leading to serious systemic infections. Antibiotics are the first-line drugs for the treatment of these infections. However, the misuse and overuse of antibiotics have led to the emergence of bacterial resistance. Therefore, a new antimicrobial strategy is urgently needed. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a novel efficient therapeutic technique that can produce irreversible cell damage to induce death of bacteria, possessing a great potential in infected wound healing. This work describes the use of a new photothermal agent (PTA) such as niobium carbide (NbC) nanoparticles with outstanding near-infrared (NIR) absorption property. NbC nanoparticles converted NIR laser irradiation energy into localized heat for photothermal treatment. In vitro antimicrobial experiments have revealed that NbC nanoparticles exert excellent antimicrobial effects against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Moreover, NbC nanoparticles accelerated E. coli–infected wound healing process, reduced inflammatory response, and showed good biosafety in vivo. Altogether, NbC nanoparticles represent an efficient PTA for antimicrobial treatment and are a bio-safe material with low toxicity in vivo.
Design of stick-framed wood roofs under tornado wind loads
Authors: Bain Caspar L. D. , Kopp Gregory A. , El Ansary Ayman M.
Published: November 2022

Light-frame wood construction comprises nearly 90% of the housing industry in Canada and the United States. The roofs of these houses can be constructed either entirely on site or using prefabricated trusses. Assembling the roof structure on site, otherwise known as stick-framing, is a framing technique with current code guidelines that are based on past practice and limited consideration of wind loads. This makes these roof structures susceptible to failure in high-speed wind events, such as tornadoes. This research proposes improved stick-framing guidelines that would work for EF-2 tornadoes. Using non-linear finite element analysis, a stick-framed roof was designed following the guidelines in the National Building Code of Canada. Non-linear links were used to model all of the connections between the members in the roof structure, with frame elements used to represent the members. Increasing wind loads were applied to the structure and the first elements of the roof that failed were improved using an iterative performance-based design approach until the performance target of resistance to EF-2 tornadoes was achieved. The failure of the roof-to-wall-connections and the lack of members used in the framing were the two main issues highlighted and addressed. Damage survey photos were used to compare failures observed in the model with failures after real tornado events, which demonstrate many similar failure modes. The research recommends the requirements to ensure stick-framed roofs can withstand EF-2 tornadoes. Most notable is an improved gable end frame, which gives the structure more roof-to-wall connections, as well as a more structurally sound frame where the loads are the highest. Other additions include struts, hurricane ties at all roof-to-wall connection locations and increased number of nails in various connections throughout the repeating inner frames. Minimum member sizes and qualities for each type of member used in the roof structure are also recommended.
3D modeling and printing for complex biventricular repair of double outlet right ventricle
Authors: Brüning Jan , Kramer Peter , Goubergrits Leonid , Schulz Antonia , Murin Peter , Solowjowa Natalia , Kuehne Titus , Berger Felix , Photiadis Joachim , Weixler Viktoria Heide-Marie
Published: November 2022

Background

Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) describes a group of congenital heart defects where pulmonary artery and aorta originate completely or predominantly from the right ventricle. The individual anatomy of DORV patients varies widely with multiple subtypes classified. Although the majority of morphologies is suitable for biventricular repair (BVR), complex DORV anatomy can render univentricular palliation (UVP) the only option. Thus, patient-specific decision-making is critical for optimal surgical treatment planning. The evolution of image processing and rapid prototyping techniques facilitate the generation of detailed virtual and physical 3D models of the patient-specific anatomy which can support this important decision process within the Heart Team.

Materilas and methods

The individual cardiovascular anatomy of nine patients with complex DORV, in whom surgical decision-making was not straightforward, was reconstructed from either computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging data. 3D reconstructions were used to characterize the morphologic details of DORV, such as size and location of the ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrioventricular valve size, ventricular volumes, relationship between the great arteries and their spatial relation to the VSD, outflow tract obstructions, coronary artery anatomy, etc. Additionally, physical models were generated. Virtual and physical models were used in the preoperative assessment to determine surgical treatment strategy, either BVR vs. UVP.

Results

Median age at operation was 13.2 months (IQR: 9.6-24.0). The DORV transposition subtype was present in six patients, three patients had a DORV-ventricular septal defect subtype. Patient-specific reconstruction was feasible for all patients despite heterogeneous image quality. Complex BVR was feasible in 5/9 patients (55%). Reasons for unsuitability for BVR were AV valve chordae interfering with potential intraventricular baffle creation, ventricular hypoplasia and non-committed VSD morphology. Evaluation in particular of qualitative data from 3D models was considered to support comprehension of complex anatomy.

Conclusion

Image-based 3D reconstruction of patient-specific intracardiac anatomy provides valuable additional information supporting decision-making processes and surgical planning in complex cardiac malformations. Further prospective studies are required to fully appreciate the benefits of 3D technology.
Echocardiographic predictors of thrombus in left atrial appendage—The role of novel transthoracic parameters
Authors: Kaufmann Damian , Wabich Elżbieta , Kapłon-Cieślicka Agnieszka , Gawałko Monika , Budnik Monika , Uziębło-Życzkowska Beata , Krzesiński Paweł , Starzyk Katarzyna , Wożakowska-Kapłon Beata , Wójcik Maciej , Błaszczyk Robert , Hiczkiewicz Jarosław , Budzianowski Jan , Mizia-Stec Katarzyna , Wybraniec Maciej T. , Kosmalska Katarzyna , Fijałkowski Marcin , Szymańska Anna , Dłużniewski Mirosław , Haberka Maciej , Kucio Michał , Michalski Błażej , Kupczyńska Karolina , Tomaszuk-Kazberuk Anna , Wilk-Śledziewska Katarzyna , Wachnicka-Truty Renata , Koziński Marek , Burchardt Paweł , Daniłowicz-Szymanowicz Ludmiła
Published: November 2022

Introduction

The left atrium appendage thrombus (LAAT) formation is a complex process. A CHA2DS2-VASc scale is an established tool for determining the thromboembolic risk and initiation of anticoagulation treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter (AF/AFL). We aimed to identify whether any transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) parameters could have an additional impact on LAAT detection.

Methods

That is a sub-study of multicenter, prospective, observational study LATTEE (NCT03591627), which enrolled 3,109 consecutive patients with AF/AFL referred for transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) before cardioversion or ablation.

Results

LAAT was diagnosed in 8.0% of patients. The univariate logistic regression analysis [based on pre-specified in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis cut-off values with AUC ≥ 0.7] identified left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 48% and novel TTE parameters i.e., the ratios of LVEF and left atrial diameter (LAD) ≤ 1.1 (AUC 0.75; OR 5.64; 95% CI 4.03–7.9; p < 0.001), LVEF to left atrial area (LAA) ≤ 1.7 (AUC 0.75; OR 5.64; 95% CI 4.02–7.9; p < 0.001), and LVEF to indexed left atrial volume (LAVI) ≤ 1.1 (AUC 0.75, OR 6.77; 95% CI 4.25–10.8; p < 0.001) as significant predictors of LAAT. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, LVEF/LAVI and LVEF/LAA maintained statistical significance. Calculating the accuracy of the abovementioned ratios according to the CHA2DS2-VASc scale values revealed their highest predictive power for LAAT in a setting with low thromboembolic risk.

Conclusion

Novel TTE indices could help identify patients with increased probability of the LAAT, with particular applicability for patients at low thromboembolic risk.
Integration of multimodal data in the developing tooth reveals candidate regulatory loci driving human odontogenic phenotypes
Authors: Wentworth Winchester Emma , Hardy Alexis , Cotney Justin
Published: November 2022

Human odontogenic aberrations such as abnormal tooth number and delayed tooth eruption can occur as a symptom of rare syndromes or, more commonly, as nonsyndromic phenotypes. These phenotypes can require extensive and expensive dental treatment, posing a significant burden. While many dental phenotypes are heritable, most nonsyndromic cases have not been linked to causal genes. We demonstrate the novel finding that common sequence variants associated with human odontogenic phenotypes are enriched in developmental craniofacial enhancers conserved between human and mouse. However, the bulk nature of these samples obscures if this finding is due to the tooth itself or the surrounding tissues. We therefore sought to identify enhancers specifically active in the tooth anlagen and quantify their contribution to the observed genetic enrichments. We systematically identified 22,001 conserved enhancers active in E13.5 mouse incisors using ChIP-seq and machine learning pipelines and demonstrated biologically relevant enrichments in putative target genes, transcription factor binding motifs, and in vivo activity. Multi-tissue comparisons of human and mouse enhancers revealed that these putative tooth enhancers had the strongest enrichment of odontogenic phenotype-associated variants, suggesting a role for dysregulation of tooth developmental enhancers in human dental phenotypes. The large number of these regions genome-wide necessitated prioritization of enhancer loci for future investigations. As enhancers modulate gene expression, we prioritized regions based on enhancers' putative target genes. We predicted these target genes and prioritized loci by integrating chromatin state, bulk gene expression and coexpression, GWAS variants, and cell type resolved gene expression to generate a prioritized list of putative odontogenic phenotype-driving loci active in the developing tooth. These genomic regions are of particular interest for downstream experiments determining the role of specific dental enhancer:gene pairs in odontogenesis.
The progress and challenges of circRNA for diabetic foot ulcers: A mini-review
Authors: Li Deer , Guo Jiaxing , Ni Xiyu , Sun Guanwen , Bao Huhe
Published: November 2022

Since the Human Genome Project was successfully completed, humanity has entered a post-genome era, and the second-generation sequencing technology has gradually progressed and become more accurate. Meanwhile, circRNAs plays a crucial role in the regulation of diseases and potential clinical applications has gradually attracted the attention of physicians. However, the mechanisms of circRNAs regulation at the cellular and molecular level of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is still not well-understood. With the deepening of research, there have been many recent studies conducted to explore the effect of circRNAs on DFU. In this mini-review, we discuss the potential role of circRNAs as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers for DFU in order to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the development of DFU and to establish a theoretical basis for accurate treatment and effective prevention.
Reduced serum calcium is associated with a higher risk of retinopathy in non-diabetic individuals: The Chinese Multi-provincial Cohort Study
Authors: Li Jiangtao , Zhao Dong , Deng Qiuju , Hao Yongchen , Wang Miao , Sun Jiayi , Liu Jun , Ren Guandi , Li Huiqi , Qi Yue , Liu Jing
Published: November 2022

Aims

As a common micro-vascular disease, retinopathy can also present in non-diabetic individuals and increase the risk of clinical cardiovascular disease. Understanding the relationship between serum calcium and retinopathy would contribute to etiological study and disease prevention.

Methods

A total of 1836 participants (aged 55–84 years and diabetes-free) from the Chinese Multi-Provincial Cohort Study-Beijing Project in 2012 were included for analyzing the relation between serum calcium level and retinopathy prevalence. Of these, 1407 non-diabetic participants with data on serum calcium in both the 2007 and 2012 surveys were included for analyzing the association of five-year changes in serum calcium with retinopathy risk. The retinopathy was determined from retinal images by ophthalmologists and a computer-aided system using convolutional neural network (CNN). The association between serum calcium and retinopathy risk was assessed by multivariate logistic regression.

Results

Among the 1836 participants (male, 42.5%), 330 (18.0%) had retinopathy determined by CNN. After multivariate adjustment, the odds ratio (OR) comparing the lowest quartiles (serum calcium < 2.38 mmol/L) to the highest quartiles (serum calcium ≥ 2.50 mmol/L) for the prevalence of retinopathy determined by CNN was 1.58 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10 – 2.27). The findings were consistent with the result discerned by ophthalmologists, and either by CNN or ophthalmologists. These relationships are preserved even in those without metabolic risk factors, including hypertension, high hemoglobin A1c, high fasting blood glucose, or high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Over 5 years, participants with the sustainably low levels of serum calcium (OR: 1.58; 95%CI: 1.05 – 2.39) and those who experienced a decrease in serum calcium (OR: 1.56; 95%CI: 1.04 – 2.35) had an increased risk of retinopathy than those with the sustainably high level of serum calcium.

Conclusions

Reduced serum calcium was independently associated with an increased risk of retinopathy in non-diabetic individuals. Moreover, reduction of serum calcium could further increase the risk of retinopathy even in the absence of hypertension, high glucose, or high cholesterol. This study suggested that maintaining a high level of serum calcium may be recommended for reducing the growing burden of retinopathy. Further large prospective studies will allow more detailed information.
Radioiodine adjuvant therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer: An update and reconsideration
Authors: Sun Yu-qing , Sun Di , Zhang Xin , Zhang Ying-qiang , Lin Yan-song
Published: November 2022

Radioiodine (131I) therapy (RAI) has been utilized for treating differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) for decades, and its uses can be characterized as remnant ablation, adjuvant therapy (RAT) or treatment for known diseases. Compared with the definite 131I treatment targets for remnant ablation and known disease, 131I adjuvant therapy (RAT) aims to reduce the risk of recurrence by destroying potential subclinical disease. Since it is merely given as a risk with no imaging confirmation of persistence/recurrence/metastases, the evidence is uncertain. With limited knowledge and substance, the indication for RAT remains poorly defined for everyday clinical practice, and the benefits of RAT remain controversial. This ambiguity results in a puzzle for clinicians seeking clarity on whether patients should receive RAT, and whether patients are at risk of recurrence/death from undertreatment or adverse events from overtreatment. Herein, we clarified the RAT indications in terms of clinicopathological features, postoperative disease status and response to therapy evaluation, and retrospectively examined the clinical outcomes of RAT as reported in current studies and guidelines. Furthermore, given the evolution of nuclear medicine imaging techniques, it can be expected that the future of RAT may be advanced by nuclear medicine theranostics (i.e., 131I whole-body scan, PET/CT) by accurately revealing the biological behaviors, as well as the underlying molecular background.
Priority area identification of ecological restoration based on land use trajectory approach—Case study in a typical karst watershed
Authors: Liu Shiliang , Dong Yuhong , Wang Fangfang , Liu Hua
Published: November 2022

In the planning and restoration of land ecological space, the ecological restoration priority area has attracted more and more attention, especially in the regions with great vulnerability. As a typical area of karst ecological region in Southwest China, Wujiang River Basin experienced human disturbance and land uses which had great impacts on the ecological environment. Based on the land use evolution from 1985 to 2019, the change of ecological-production-living land in Wujiang River Basin was analyzed by transfer matrix, intensity analysis and long-time series trajectory approaches. The results showed that from 1985 to 2019, the ecological land in Wujiang River Basin significantly decreased, the production land increased first then decreased, and living land increased significantly. The reduced ecological land was mainly transformed to cropland. After 1990, the change intensity of land use in Wujiang River Basin gradually increased. At the category level, the intensity of forest land change was the most stable, and while that of barren land, shrub land and grassland were active. At the transition level, the increased impervious land was mainly from cropland, and the reduced forest land was mainly transformed into cropland. Trajectory analysis from 1985 to 2019 showed that the stable land use type of Wujiang River accounted for 67.36% of the total area of the basin and forest land was the main stable land use type. Our research spatially identified the land use change from different aspects which could be a new approach for ecological restoration. Also, our study can provide decision-making basis for the sustainable use of land resources in the study area.
Can hydraulic measures of river conditions improve our ability to predict ecological responses to changing flows? Flow velocity and spawning of an iconic native Australian fish
Authors: Webb J. Angus , Guo Danlu , Koster Wayne M. , Lauchlan-Arrowsmith Christine , Vietz Geoff J.
Published: November 2022

Ecological responses to changing riverine flows are often evaluated by describing the relationship between river discharge and response. However, aquatic organisms experience the hydraulics (i.e. velocity, shear stress, depth) of a river, not its discharge. Hydraulic characterizations of riverine habitats may improve our ability to predict ecological responses. We used two-dimensional hydraulic models to translate river discharge into flow velocity. We used discharge and reach-averaged velocity, along with water temperature and 8 years of field observations of fish spawning, to develop predictive models of the spawning of golden perch (Macquaria ambigua) in the Goulburn River, south-east Australia. Probability of spawning was positively related to both discharge and reach-averaged velocity. Water temperature was critical for enabling the flow response, and antecedent flows prior to spawning had a weak positive effect. Against expectations, there was little difference in predictive uncertainty for the effect of flows when reach-averaged velocity was used as the main predictor rather than discharge. The lower Goulburn River has a relatively simple channel and so discharge and velocity are monotonically related over most flows. We expect that in a more geomorphically complex environment, improvement in predictive ability would be substantial. This research only explores one example of a hydraulic parameter being used as a predictor of ecological response; many others are possible. The extra effort and expense involved in hydraulic characterization of river flows is only justified if our understanding of flow-ecology relationships is substantially improved. Further research to understand which environmental responses might be best understood through different hydraulic parameters, and how to better characterize hydraulic characteristics relevant to riverine biota, would help inform decisions regarding investment in hydraulic models. Regardless, hydraulics offers a more process-based assessment of ecological responses to changing flows, has the potential to facilitate mechanistic understanding rather than just associations, and provides the opportunity to translate hydraulic metrics that drive ecological responses across river systems of differing sizes. However, while considering ecological responses in terms of river hydraulics is more physically realistic, our results suggest that average hydraulic conditions may not result in an improved ability to predict the effects of changing flows.
An efficient five-lncRNA signature for lung adenocarcinoma prognosis, with AL606489.1 showing sexual dimorphism
Authors: Liang Jiali , Jin Weifeng , Xu Huaping
Published: November 2022

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a sex-biased and easily metastatic malignant disease. A signature based on 5 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been established to promote the overall survival (OS) prediction effect on LUAD.

Methods: The RNA expression profiles of LUAD patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. OS-associated lncRNAs were identified based on the differential expression analysis between LUAD and normal samples followed by survival analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. OS-associated lncRNA with sex dimorphism was determined based on the analysis of expression between males and females. Functional enrichment analysis of the Gene Ontology (GO) terms and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways was performed to explore the possible mechanisms of 5-lncRNA signatures.

Results: A 5-lncRNA signature (composed of AC068228.1, SATB2-AS1, LINC01843, AC026355.1, and AL606489.1) was found to be effective in predicting high-risk LUAD patients as well as applicable to female and male subgroups and <65-year and ≥65-year age subgroups. The forecasted effect of the 5-lncRNA signature was more efficient and stable than the TNM stage and other clinical risk factors (such as sex and age). Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the mRNA co-expressed with these five OS-related lncRNAs was associated with RNA regulation within the nucleus. AL606489.1 demonstrated a sexual dimorphism that may be associated with microtubule activity.

Conclusion: Our 5-lncRNA signature could efficaciously predict the OS of LUAD patients. AL606489.1 demonstrated gender dimorphism, which provides a new direction for mechanistic studies on sexual dimorphism.
Involvement of caveolin-1 in skin diseases
Authors: Takamura Naoko , Yamaguchi Yukie
Published: November 2022

The skin is the outermost layer and largest organ in the human body. Since the skin interfaces with the environment, it has a variety of roles, including providing a protective barrier against external factors, regulating body temperature, and retaining water in the body. It is also involved in the immune system, interacting with immune cells residing in the dermis. Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is essential for caveolae formation and has multiple functions including endocytosis, lipid homeostasis, and signal transduction. CAV-1 is known to interact with a variety of signaling molecules and receptors and may influence cell proliferation and migration. Several skin-related disorders, especially those of the inflammatory or hyperproliferative type such as skin cancers, psoriasis, fibrosis, and wound healing, are reported to be associated with aberrant CAV-1 expression. In this review, we have explored CAV-1 involvement in skin physiology and skin diseases.
Humoral and cellular immune response and the safety of third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine with longer interval after the second vaccination in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Takai Satoshi , Nishida Hayato , Ito Hiromi , Fukuhara Hiroki , Nawano Takaaki , Narisawa Takafumi , Kanno Hidenori , Yagi Mayu , Yamagishi Atsushi , Sakurai Toshihiko , Naito Sei , Kato Tomoyuki , Morikane Keita , Tsuchiya Norihiko
Published: November 2022

We evaluated the humoral and cellular immune responses and safety of the third severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccine with a longer interval after the second vaccination in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). We enrolled 54 kidney transplant recipients without a history of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), who received a third dose of the vaccine. We assessed anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody and antigen-specific T cells using enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) against the spike protein at baseline, after the second vaccination, and after the third vaccination. We also evaluated the adverse events related to each dose of the vaccine. The duration between the second and third vaccinations was 7 ± 1 month. All 17 (100%) KTRs with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity after the second vaccination and 27 of 37 (73%) KTRs without anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity after the second vaccination were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (p=0.022). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were significantly higher than those after the second vaccination (p<0.001). Age ≥ 60 years and lymphocyte count < 1150/mm3 were confirmed as risk factors for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody negativity after the third vaccination in multivariate regression analysis. ELISpot cytokine activities were positive after the third vaccination in 26 of 29 (90%) KTRs with ELISpot cytokine activity positivity after the second vaccination and 12 of 24 (50%) KTRs without ELISpot cytokine activity after the second vaccination. The rate of change in cytokine activity after the third vaccination was significantly higher than that after the second vaccination (p<0.001). Only lymphocyte counts less than 1150/mm3 were confirmed as risk factors for ELISpot cytokine activity negativity in the multivariate regression analysis. Systemic adverse events classified as greater than moderate did not differ for each vaccine dose. None of the patients showed clinical symptoms of acute rejection. The third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine administration, with a longer interval after the second vaccination, improved humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines without severe adverse effects in the KTRs.
Long-term survival in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer treated with different immune checkpoint inhibitors in multiple-line therapies: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zheng Jiabin , Niu Yun , Xue Chongxiang , Yu Yixuan , Tan Kexin , Cui Huijuan
Published: November 2022

Background

Extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is highly malignant, is highly prone to recurrence, and has a short survival period. It is very difficult to achieve long-term survival in ES-SCLC, which has not been significantly improved in the last 20 years. For a long time, platinum-based chemotherapy has occupied the core position in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), but there are few options for treatment drugs or regimens, and if disease progression occurs, the options for follow-up regimens are obviously limited. The advent of immunotherapy has changed this situation to some extent, and immunotherapy has shown some effects in improving efficiency and prolonging survival, whether in first- or third-line therapy, but it is still unsatisfactory.

Case presentation

A 57-year-old patient with ES-SCLC experienced disease progression after four lines of treatment including synchronous radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and antiangiogenesis. However, the patient still benefited when switching to the programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitor toripalimab in combination with chemotherapy in the fifth line. Even after the development of immune resistance, the patient still benefited after switching to tislelizumab in combination with different chemotherapy regimens or alone in the sixth and seventh lines. Following the progression of tislelizumab in combination with chemotherapy, the patient again profited after switching to durvalumab in combination with anlotinib and again achieved a progressive-free survival (PFS) of 11 months. Overall, the patient achieved a total of 45 months of PFS and 50 months of overall survival (OS), with a shocking and exciting 30 months of PFS achieved in the immune combination phase alone.

Conclusion

We report a patient with ES-SCLC who achieved long-term survival after at least eight lines of therapy including chemotherapy, antiangiogenesis, and different immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This suggests that long-term survival in SCLC is possible with aggressive, combined, and standardized treatment. Otherwise, immunotherapy postline enablement can still benefit patients, rechallenge after immune resistance is also possible in SCLC, and combination with chemotherapy or antiangiogenic therapy can improve the efficacy and prolong the survival. This will provide new ideas and options for the selection of treatment options for SCLC.
The top 100 most cited articles in the last two decades of atopic dermatitis: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhang Lishan , Hou Yibo , Sun Jinlyu , Zeng Yueping
Published: November 2022

Background

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the leading cause of skin-related disease burden worldwide, affecting a large percentage of the population. Bibliometrics is the statistical analysis of academic literature in a certain field.

Objectives

We aimed to perform the latest bibliometric analysis of atopic dermatitis literature.

Methods

We searched the Web of Science database on 29th Nov 2021. We used the keywords “atopic dermatitis,” “atopic eczema,” and “eczema” for our search. All items published between 2001 and 2021 were included. The top 100 most cited articles were identified and analyzed.

Results

Our study provided a detailed bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most cited articles on atopic dermatitis. These articles were published between 2002 and 2019 and were from 15 different countries, mostly in the USA and Germany. Most articles have focused on the pathogenesis and treatment of AD. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology made the greatest contribution to the top 100 list, with 28 articles. The most cited article originated from Lancet. The highest number of citations was seen in 2006, with 9220 citations, while the highest number of publications was seen in 2006 with 12 publications.

Conclusions

Our study aims to provide physicians and researchers with a historical perspective for the scientific progress of atopic dermatitis, and help clinicians effectively obtain useful articles that have a significant impact on the field of atopic dermatitis.