bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mid- to long-term outcome of 96 corrective hindfoot fusions in 84 patients with rigid flatfoot deformity
Authors: Röhm J. , Zwicky L. , Horn Lang T. , Salentiny Y. , Hintermann B. , Knupp M.
Published: May 2015

Talonavicular and subtalar joint fusion through a medial incision (modified triple arthrodesis) has become an increasingly popular technique for treating symptomatic flatfoot deformity caused by posterior tibial tendon dysfunction.

The purpose of this study was to look at its clinical and radiological mid- to long-term outcomes, including the rates of recurrent flatfoot deformity, nonunion and avascular necrosis of the dome of the talus.

A total of 84 patients (96 feet) with a symptomatic rigid flatfoot deformity caused by posterior tibial tendon dysfunction were treated using a modified triple arthrodesis. The mean age of the patients was 66 years (35 to 85) and the mean follow-up was 4.7 years (1 to 8.3). Both clinical and radiological outcomes were analysed retrospectively.

In 86 of the 95 feet (90.5%) for which radiographs were available, there was no loss of correction at final follow-up. In all, 14 feet (14.7%) needed secondary surgery, six for nonunion, two for avascular necrosis, five for progression of the flatfoot deformity and tibiotalar arthritis and one because of symptomatic overcorrection. The mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hindfoot score (AOFAS score) at final follow-up was 67 (between 16 and 100) and the mean visual analogue score for pain 2.4 points (between 0 and 10).

In conclusion, modified triple arthrodesis provides reliable correction of deformity and a good clinical outcome at mid- to long-term follow-up, with nonunion as the most frequent complication. Avascular necrosis of the talus is a rare but serious complication of this technique.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015; 97-B:668–74.
Reducing the risk of nerve injury during Bernese periacetabular osteotomy
Authors: Kalhor M. , Gharehdaghi J. , Schoeniger R. , Ganz R.
Published: May 2015

The modified Smith–Petersen and Kocher–Langenbeck approaches were used to expose the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh and the femoral, obturator and sciatic nerves in order to study the risk of injury to these structures during the dissection, osteotomy, and acetabular reorientation stages of a Bernese peri-acetabular osteotomy.

Injury of the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh was less likely to occur if an osteotomy of the anterior superior iliac spine had been carried out before exposing the hip.

The obturator nerve was likely to be injured during unprotected osteotomy of the pubis if the far cortex was penetrated by > 5 mm. This could be avoided by inclining the osteotome 45° medially and performing the osteotomy at least 2 cm medial to the iliopectineal eminence.

The sciatic nerve could be injured during the first and last stages of the osteotomy if the osteotome perforated the lateral cortex of ischium and the ilio-ischial junction by > 10 mm.

The femoral nerve could be stretched or entrapped during osteotomy of the pubis if there was significant rotational or linear displacement of the acetabulum. Anterior or medial displacement of < 2 cm and lateral tilt (retroversion) of < 30° were safe margins. The combination of retroversion and anterior displacement could increase tension on the nerve.

Strict observation of anatomical details, proper handling of the osteotomes and careful manipulation of the acetabular fragment reduce the neurological complications of Bernese peri-acetabular osteotomy.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:636–41.
Meniscal allograft transplantation
Authors: Smith N. A. , Costa M. L. , Spalding T.
Published: May 2015

The anatomy and microstructure of the menisci allow the effective distribution of load across the knee. Meniscectomy alters the biomechanical environment and is a potent risk factor for osteoarthritis. Despite a trend towards meniscus-preserving surgery, many tears are irreparable, and many repairs fail.

Meniscal allograft transplantation has principally been carried out for pain in patients who have had a meniscectomy. Numerous case series have reported a significant improvement in patient-reported outcomes after surgery, but randomised controlled trials have not been undertaken.

It is scientifically plausible that meniscal allograft transplantation is protective of cartilage, but this has not been established clinically to date.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015; 97-B:590–4.
Assessment in art and design education: Further reflections upon whippet-fancying and Procrustes
Authors: Hickman Richard
Published: May 2015

The reference to ‘whippet-fancying’ in the title refers to the notion of connoisseurship; teachers, who best know their students’ abilities, play the part of the connoisseur. Procrustean references, when applied to education, refer to the tendency to trim the curriculum according to the prevailing assessment practices. There appears to have been a tendency in many developed countries to de-professionalize the profession of teaching, nowhere more so than in the area of assessment, with external examining boards making decisions about students’ capabilities. Such tendencies are felt particularly harshly in the arts. This article argues for assessment practices in visual art that are student-centred and that take the form of a dialogue between teacher and student, taking into account the developing nature of a student’s portfolio. I argue further that meaningful learning in art should not be pre-specified, and that the objectives model of teaching and learning is inappropriate, given our innate need to create and confer aesthetic significance.
The effect of climatic factors on height increment of Scots pine in sites differing by continentality in Latvia
Authors: Jansons Āris , Matisons Roberts , Zadiņa Māra , Sisenis Linards , Jansons Jānis
Published: May 2015

Height growth of trees is a crucial parameter that influences the composition and productivity of forest stands and quality of timber; however, the relationships between annual height increment (HI) and climatic factors have been poorly studied. In this study, the effect of monthly mean temperature and precipitation sums on the HI of Scots pine in two sites in Latvia have been determined using dendrochronological techniques. Correlation and response function analyses were conducted for entire chronologies of HI and for 50-year intervals within them. Climatic factors significantly affected the HI of Scots pine; however, not only did the suite of significant factors differ between the sites, but the influence of these factors changed during the 20th century. In the site in western Latvia where climate is milder, temperature in the preceding summer was the main climatic determinant of HI. The effect of temperature in the dormant period and spring was significant during the first part of the 20th century, while the effect of temperature in the previous September and November has become significant since the second half of the 20th century. In the site in eastern Latvia where summers are hotter, HI has been affected by both temperature and water deficit related factors in the summer. However, since the later part of the 20th century, the effect of temperature in the previous October has intensified and become the main climatic determinant of HI.
Medien und Diskurs
Authors: Pundt Christian
Published: May 2015

Medien sind die zentrale Schnittstelle der kulturellen Transformation moderner Gesellschaften. Sie produzieren einen stetigen Fluss der Festschreibung und Auflösung von Weltbildern und Verhaltensweisen. Aber wie kann man diesen Prozess lesbar und verständlich machen? Aufbauend auf Foucaults Idee des Diskurses entwirft dieses Buch eine Programmatik, mit der die konstitutive Rolle der Massenmedien ins Zentrum der Analyse tritt. Dieses Modell einer »medienwissenschaftlichen Diskursanalyse« wird am printmedialen Skandal-Diskurs über die Inszenierung von Privatheit in 40 Jahren Fernsehgeschichte erläutert.
Konfuzianismus: Kontinuität und Entwicklung
Authors: Huang Chun-chieh
Published: May 2015

Dieser Band ist eine anschauliche Einführung in die faszinierende und komplexe Geistesgeschichte Chinas, insbesondere in die konfuzianische Tradition. Präsentiert wird eine repräsentative Auswahl erstmals ins Deutsche übersetzter Arbeiten aus dem umfangreichen Schaffen von Chun-chieh Huang, einem ausgewiesenen Spezialisten. Im Zentrum stehen klassische Texte des chinesischen Altertums, deren Rezeptions- und Wirkungsgeschichte anhand von Einzelstudien nachvollzogen wird, um die oft verdeckte Dynamik der Aufnahme und Weitergabe bestimmter Denkinhalte verständlich zu machen. Die Texte schlagen einen Bogen vom Altertum bis in die Gegenwart und verdeutlichen die zeitüberdauernde Lebendigkeit und Relevanz des chinesischen Denkens.
Das Wissen der Börse
Authors: Reichert Ramón
Published: May 2015

Die Finanzkrise im Herbst 2008 hat die Welt erschüttert. Doch die Innenseite der Börse bleibt weiterhin unbekannt. Nur wenige haben Zugang zu Finanzkommunikation und Finanzmarktwissen. Der Einzug elektronischer Handels- und Informationssysteme hat zu einer massiven Beschleunigung der Transaktionen geführt und zugleich die Hegemonie der institutionellen Investoren, der Banken und der Börsen, aufgelöst. Diese Dynamik verschärft die Fragilität des Finanzmarktwissens, das nicht zuletzt um mathematische Optimierungsprobleme kreist. Die statistischen Berechnungen zur Bewertung und Absicherung von Finanzpositionen erlauben keine Repräsentation mehr als stabiles, visualisierbares Wissen, dem die Kontrolle über die inhärenten Risiken zugetraut werden kann. Die gigantischen Datenmengen der Finanzprodukte, Derivate und Transaktionen sind somit stets bedroht: in ihrer Lesbarkeit. Ramón Reichert eröffnet mit seiner Analyse der (Un-)Lesbarkeiten im Feld der Börse neue Perspektiven auf die mediale und kulturelle Dimension der Finanzmärkte und ihrer Krise.
Performativität
Authors: Fischer-Lichte Erika
Published: May 2015

Die Perspektive des Performativen geht davon aus, dass kulturelle Phänomene und Prozesse neue Wirklichkeiten hervorbringen und nicht lediglich als Zusammenhänge von Zeichen zu begreifen sind, die es zu entziffern und zu verstehen gilt. Texte, Bilder, Artefakte, Aufführungen und Praktiken aller Art lassen sich damit neu und anders wahrnehmen. Kulturen aus der Perspektive des Performativen zu untersuchen, ermöglicht den Kulturwissenschaften ganz neue Einsichten, die auch für den Laien faszinierend sind. Erika Fischer-Lichte stellt in diesem Band das Performative als eine kulturwissenschaftliche Grundkategorie vor und liefert damit die erste deutschsprachige Einführung in die kulturwissenschaftliche Performativitätsforschung.
Kritik der kulinarischen Vernunft
Authors: Röttgers Kurt
Published: May 2015

Kurt Röttgers bettet das gegenwärtige Interesse am Essen und Kochen in einen philosophischen Kontext ein, wertet so das Thema sinnlichen Schmeckens als philosophisches Thema auf und führt es bis zu einer Sozialphilosophie der Mahlzeit fort. Der Buchtitel spielt auf Kants drei Kritiken an. Röttgers legt hier eine Beschreibung zum Projekt einer vielfach vermissten vierten Kritik vor, die an Kants Idee einer Verbindung von Sittlichkeit und Wohlleben anknüpft. In spielerischer Weise wird die Gliederung der »Kritik der reinen Vernunft« aufgenommen und zu einer Ästhetik, einer Analytik und einer Dialektik des Kulinarischen ausgestaltet. Für den Leser ergibt sich damit die Chance, das Geschmacksurteil nicht ganz im Bereich zufälliger Meinungen zu belassen, sondern es zu reflektieren.
Assimilation
Authors: Aumüller Jutta
Published: May 2015

Der Assimilationsbegriff steht für ein Ensemble migrationssoziologischer Theorien, die sich um den konzeptionellen Kerngedanken der Angleichung von Immigranten gruppieren. Zugleich strukturiert er die politischen Auseinandersetzungen in den westlichen Einwanderungsländern. Jutta Aumüller zeichnet die theoretischen Konzepte der Assimilation in einer geschichtlichen Perspektive nach und kontrastiert sie mit den politischen Diskursen um Integration und Assimilation von zugewanderten Minderheiten seit der Nationalstaatsbewegung im 19. Jahrhundert. Ein kenntnisreicher diskursanalytischer Beitrag zur gegenwärtigen Debatte um Einwanderung und Integration.
Contract Specificity, Contract Violation, and Relationship Performance in International Buyer–Supplier Relationships
Authors: Griffith David A. , Zhao Yanhui
Published: May 2015

This work examines contractual governance in international buyer–supplier relationships by investigating the linkages between contract specificity, contract violation, and relationship performance as well as the roles of contract monitoring and a country's institutional factors (i.e., country business risk and country globalization). The findings, based on a survey of international buyer–supplier relationships, provide new insights into a contract specificity → contract violation → relationship performance model. For example, the results indicate that contract specificity is not directly related to contract violation but, rather, that country-level factors moderate the effectiveness of contract specificity (i.e., contract specificity is more effective in suppressing an international buyer's contract violation if the buyer is from a country characterized by low business risk or high country globalization). The results also demonstrate that contract monitoring can mitigate the negative association between contract violation and relationship performance.
The Content of Topsoil Nutrients, Ph and Organic Carbon as Affected by Long-Term Application of Mineral and Organic Fertilisers
Authors: Hlisnikovský Lukáš , Kunzová Eva
Published: May 2015

Soil is the fundamental element in agriculture and is affected in a variety of ways. Besides other things, the long-term application of mineral and organic fertilisers can significantly influence the topsoil pool of nutrients, organic carbon content and pH. Within the scope of longterm field experiments in Praha-Ruzyně, we evaluated the effect of six fertiliser treatments - unfertilised Control, farmyard manure (FYM), cattle slurry (CAT), cattle slurry amended with straw from previous cereals (CAT+STR), mineral fertiliser (NPK) and NPK amended with FYM (NPK+FYM) on a topsoil pool of nutrient content, organic carbon content (Cox) and pH between the years 2001 and 2012. In the selected period, the fertiliser treatment did not influence the N and Cox content (ranging from 0.126% to 0.143%). Phosphorus and potassium were significantly higher in the NPK+FYM treatment (109.82 and 279.27 mg/kg, respectively), while calcium and magnesium were significantly lower in the NPK treatment (2,973 and 134.95 mg/kg, respectively). Application of mineral fertilisers significantly decreased the value of pH, influencing the Ca and Mg topsoil concentrations. Organic fertilisers cannot provide a sustainable amount of nutrients to generate high yields in a short time, but release their nutrients slowly and the range of nutrients is wider. Mineral fertilisers, if not amended with organic fertilisers, can provide huge doses of nutrients, which can be quickly reused for high yields, but negatively influence the pH value, resulting in a decrease in the pool of Ca and Mg.
Response Of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) And Associated Grassy Weeds Grown In Salt-Affected Soil To Effects Of Graminicides And Indole Acetic Acid
Authors: El-Metwally Ibrahim M. , Ali Osama A.M. , Abdelhamid Magdi T.
Published: May 2015

Two field experiments were carried out in two successive seasons to examine the effect of weed management on wheat crop under saline condition and how herbicides can interact with foliar application with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to improve weed suppression and enhance crop growth and productivity under salinity stress. Clodinafop-propargyl was the best option to attain acceptable grassy weeds control. Increasing IAA from 0 up to 150 ppm significantly increased number and dry weight of grassy weeds in wheat after 80 days from sowing. Application of IAA at 150 ppm recorded the highest number and dry weight of weeds. Clodinafop-propargyl produced the lowest values of number and dry weight of weeds as well as nutrients uptake by weeds when water spraying was added. While application of IAA at 150 ppm gave the maximum values of flag leaf area, SPAD meter values, number of spike/m2, spike length, number of spikelets/spike, grains number/spike, grains weight/spike, as well as grain, straw, and total crude protein, phosphorus and potassium percentages when clodinafop-propargyl treatment was applied. It could be concluded that using IAA at 150 ppm resulted in enhancement of growth and productivity of wheat crop when integrated with clodinafop-propargyl treatment under salinity condition.
The Influence Of Cereal Share In Crop Rotations On The Grain Yield And Quality Of Winter Wheat
Authors: Babulicová Mária , Gavurníková Soňa
Published: May 2015

The aim of our study is to find out the influence of different share of cereals and various fertilisation on the grain yield and quality of winter wheat. The long-term field trial with 40, 60 and 80% share of the cereals and two levels of fertilisation (H1 mineral fertilisation + organic manure Veget®; H2 mineral fertilisation only) were carried out in the very warm and dry area of continental weather on luvi-haplic chernozem. In the years 2010–2013, the grain yield, the wet gluten content, gluten index, the falling number and sedimentation index of winter wheat according to Zeleny were investigated. The significantly higher grain yield of winter wheat was recorded after preceding crop of common pea. The yield of cereals in crop rotation with 60% share of cereals (7.00 t/ha) was significantly higher than in crop rotation with 80% share of cereals (6.78 t/ha).The statistically higher wet gluten content after pea fore-crop was found out when the mineral fertilisation and organic fertiliser Veget® were applied (33.4%) with comparison to the treatment with mineral fertilisation only (30.08%).
Response Of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Crop And Broad-Leaved Weeds To Different Water Requirements And Weed Management In Sandy Soils
Authors: El-Metwally Ibrahim M. , Abdelraouf Ramadan. E. , Ahmed Mohamed A. , Mounzer Oussama , Alarcón Juan José , Abdelhamid Magdi T.
Published: May 2015

Water scarcity is a major cause of crops yield reduction in many parts of the world. So, a more rational use of irrigation water should be adapted and deficit irrigation principles should be accepted with a certain level of reduction in yield level. To study the efficiency of four water requirements (100% whole season, 75% whole season, 50% whole season and 100% whole season while 50% at grain-filling stage) and five weed-control treatments (three postemergence herbicides i.e., metosulam, tribenuron-methyl, and bromoxynil), hand weeding and unweeded check, and their interactive effects, two field experiments on wheat crop were conducted in two successive seasons at the agricultural experimental station of the National Research Centre, Nubaria, Egypt. Bromoxynil, tribenuron-methyl came in the first order for controlling total broad-leaved weeds. Application of 100% water requirement recorded the highest values compared to all other irrigation water treatments in term of flag-leaf area, chlorophyll content, plant height, number of spike/m2, spike weight, grains number/spike, weight of 1,000 grains, yield and yield attributes of wheat. Metosulam followed by bromoxynil, tribenuron-methyl and hand-weeding treatments gave higher values of grain yield/ha. The highest grain yield, protein and carbohydrates percentages of wheat grains were obtained from addition of 100% water requirement with metosulam treatment was used followed by 75% of water requirement combined with metosulam treatment without significant difference among these treatments.
Molecular Selection Of Tomato And Pepper Breeding Lines Possessing Resistance Alleles Against Tobamoviruses
Authors: Hudcovicová Martina , Korbelová Erika , Šliková Svetlana , Klčová Lenka , Mihálik Daniel , Kraic Ján
Published: May 2015

Molecular selection among newly created tomato and pepper lines was applied for identification of lines possessing DNA markers linked with the resistant loci against tobamoviruses ToMV, TMV, PaMMV, and PMMoV. Only four tomato lines among 184 had DNA marker linked with the resistant allele Tm-2 conferring homozygosity at this locus. Resistance of these four lines was tested and confirmed also by virological testing by inoculation with TMV strain 0. Simultaneously tested lines heterozygous at this locus expressed full or unbalanced resistance. Fifty-eight out of 62 tested pepper lines had only marker linked to susceptible allele of the locus L. Three lines derived from tobamovirus resistant pepper cultivars Brill and Brilliant expressed marker linked to resistant allele L3, and only one line derived from resistant cultivar Hurricane possessed both markers. Four selected pepper lines declared resistance also after artificial inoculation with the TMV P0 pathotype. Molecular selection, both in tomato and pepper breeding lines, may be useful in breeding programs directed to tobamovirus resistance.
The cytoskeleton as a drug target for neuroprotection: the case of the autism- mutated ADNP
Authors: Gozes Illana
Published: May 2015

Fifteen years ago we discovered activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), and showed that it is essential for brain formation/function. Our protein interaction studies identified ADNP as a member of the chromatin remodeling complex, SWI/SNF also associated with alternative splicing of tau and prediction of tauopathy. Recently, we have identified cytoplasmic ADNP interactions with the autophagy regulating microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and with microtubule end-binding (EB) proteins. The ADNP-EB-binding SIP domain is shared with the ADNP snippet drug candidate, NAPVSIPQ termed NAP (davunetide). Thus, we identified a precise target for ADNP/NAP (davunetide) neuroprotection toward improved drug development.
Governors, Governance, and Insurgency in Karzai’s Afghanistan
Authors: Englehart Neil , Grant Patrick
Published: May 2015

Critics claim that lack of professionalism among Afghan provincial leaders undermines the government’s legitimacy, creating opportunities for the insurgency. Data on provincial governors show that those most effective at deterring insurgent attacks tend to have qualities associated with “warlords” rather than professionalism. Decentralization could harness these characteristics to improve governance.
The Afghanistan Situation and China’s New Approach to the SCO
Authors: Cheng Joseph Y. S.
Published: May 2015

This article examines China’s concern to prevent terrorism and maintain stability in Central Asia through the SCO. The situation in Afghanistan has raised concerns among SCO member countries and strengthened common interests to maintain the regional organization, regime stability, and economic co-operation within it.
Russia’s 21st Century Interests in Afghanistan
Authors: Stoner Kathryn
Published: May 2015

The Russian government under Vladimir Putin has long-term geostrategic interests in Afghanistan: stability, economic development, and curbing narcotics flowing into Central Asia and thence to Russia. Moscow is in the difficult position of not wanting American forces to stay in Afghanistan but also not wanting the drawdown of forces to leave behind chaos.
Integration of transcriptome and methylome analysis of aldosterone-producing adenomas
Authors: Murakami Masanori , Yoshimoto Takanobu , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Tsuchiya Kyoichiro , Minami Isao , Bouchi Ryotaro , Izumiyama Hajime , Fujii Yasuhisa , Abe Kosei , Tayama Chiharu , Hashimoto Koshi , Suganami Takayoshi , Hata Ken-ichiro , Kihara Kazunori , Ogawa Yoshihiro
Published: May 2015

Objective

The pathophysiology of aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA) has been investigated intensively through genetic and genomic approaches. However, the role of epigenetics in APA is not fully understood. In the present study, we explored the relationship between gene expression and DNA methylation status in APA.

Methods

We conducted an integrated analysis of transcriptome and methylome data of paired APA-adjacent adrenal gland (AAG) samples from the same patient. The adrenal specimens were obtained from seven Japanese patients with APA who underwent adrenalectomy. Gene expression and genome-wide CpG methylation profiles were obtained from RNA and DNA samples that were extracted from those seven paired tissues.

Results

Methylome analysis showed global CpG hypomethylation in APA relative to AAG. The integration of gene expression and methylation status showed that 34 genes were up-regulated with CpG hypomethylation in APA. Of these, three genes (CYP11B2, MC2R, and HPX) may be related to aldosterone production, and five genes (PRRX1, RAB38, FAP, GCNT2, and ASB4) are potentially involved in tumorigenesis.

Conclusion

The present study is the first methylome analysis to compare APA with AAG in the same patients. Our integrated analysis of transcriptome and methylome revealed DNA hypomethylation in APA and identified several up-regulated genes with DNA hypomethylation that may be involved in aldosterone production and tumorigenesis.
Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio is positively related to type 2 diabetes in a large-scale adult population: a Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health cohort study
Authors: Guo Xiaoyan , Zhang Shu , Zhang Qing , Liu Li , Wu Hongmei , Du Huanmin , Shi Hongbin , Wang Chongjin , Xia Yang , Liu Xing , Li Chunlei , Sun Shaomei , Wang Xing , Zhou Ming , Huang Guowei , Jia Qiyu , Zhao Honglin , Song Kun , Niu Kaijun
Published: May 2015

Aim

It is widely known that inflammation is related to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but few studies have shown a direct relationship between the immune system and T2D using a reliable biomarker. Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easy-to-analyze inflammation biomarker, but few studies have assessed the relationship between NLR and T2D. In order to evaluate how NLR is related to T2D, we designed a large-scale cross-sectional and prospective cohort study in an adult population.

Subjects and methods

Participants were recruited from the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital-Health Management Centre. Both a baseline cross-sectional (n=87 686) and a prospective (n=38 074) assessment were performed. Participants without a history of T2D were followed up for ∼6 years (with a median follow-up of 2.7 years). Adjusted logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess relationships between the quintiles of NLR and T2D (covariates: age, sex, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and family history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes).

Results

The prevalence and incidence of T2D were 4.9% and 6.8/1000 person-years respectively. The adjusted odds ratio and hazard ratio (95% CI) of the highest NLR quintile were 1.34 (1.21, 1.49) and 1.39 (1.09, 1.78) (both P for trend <0.01) respectively as compared to the lowest quintile of NLR. Leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts do not significantly predict the eventual development of T2D.

Conclusion

The present study demonstrates that NLR is related to the prevalence and incidence of T2D, and it suggests that NLR may be an efficient and accurate prognostic biomarker for T2D.
COMUNIDAD DE MAMÍFEROS NO VOLADORES EN UN ÁREA PERIURBANA ANDINA, CUNDINAMARCA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Liévano Latorre Luisa Fernanda , López Arévalo Hugo Fernando
Published: May 2015

A pesar de los cambios antrópicos en los Andes colombianos, todavía se encuentran relictos de ecosistemas nativos con valor para la conservación, siendo los únicos remanentes de hábitat para vida silvestre en áreas cercanas a grandes ciudades. Presentamos resultados de una investigación realizada en la Reserva privada Passiflora (cerca de Bogotá), que buscó examinar la diversidad de la comunidad de mamíferos no voladores. Combinando diferentes métodos encontramos 17 especies, pertenecientes a siete órdenes, que sugieren que ésta es una comunidad compleja a pesar de la intervención antrópica en la zona. Destacamos la presencia de especies raras o endémicas como Olallamys albicauda, Cuniculus taczanowskii y Leopardus tigrinus. Nuestro estudio indica que pese a la transformación de los Andes colombianos, es posible encontrar elementos representativos de su mastofauna incluso en pequeñas reservas privadas, añadiendo valor a estas iniciativas particulares que complementan las iniciativas nacionales de conservación de la biodiversidad.

ABSTRACT

Despite the anthropic changes in the Colombian Andes, there are still several relicts of native ecosystems with conservation value, which are the only habitat remnants for wildlife in areas near large cities. We present results of a research conducted at the Passiflora private Reserve (near Bogota) which aimed to evaluate the diversity of the community of non-flying mammals. Combining diverse methods, we found 17 mammal species, belonging to seven orders, suggesting a complex mammal community despite the human intervention in the area. Besides, we highlight the presence of rare or endemic species such as Olallamys albicauda, Cuniculus taczanowskii and Leopardus tigrinus. We conclude that despite the transformation of the Andes, it is still possible to find representative elements of Andean mammal fauna, even in private small reserves, adding value to these particular initiatives, which complement the government conservation efforts.
ESTABLECIMIENTO DEL SISTEMA DE REGENERACION POR EMBRIOGÉNESIS SOMÁTICA DE Azadirachta indica A. Juss.
Authors: Artigas R Maria D. , Fernandez Da Silva Rafael
Published: May 2015

Azadirachta indica, es una planta con múltiples aplicaciones tanto forestal como farmacológica. Por ende, el establecimiento del sistema de cultivo in vitro por embriogénesis somática ofrece diversas y variadas ventajas, tales como obtener plantas altamente productivas en metabolitos. En este estudio, se utilizaron secciones foliares y cotiledonares, inducidas en medios MS (1962) suplementados con: BAP sólo y combinado con ANA/2,4-D, TDZ sólo y con ABA. La regeneración fue con MS sólo o con K + AIA y BAP + AIA. Como resultado se estableció un sistema eficiente con secciones de cotiledones, observándose organogénesis a bajas concentraciones de BAP, mientras a altos niveles de BAP (2,5 mg.L-1), así como  con TDZ + ABA (0,02 + 1mg.L-1) respectivamente favorecieron la embriogénesis somática primaria y secundaria en un 96 % y 71 % respectivamente. La regeneración fue 71 % con MS, mientras que el enraizamiento fue de 86,67 % con MS½, obteniéndose plantas completas a corto plazo. 

ABSTRACT

Azadirachta indica, is a plant with multiple forest and pharmacological application. Therefore, the establishment of in vitro culture system for somatic embryogenesis offers several distinct advantages such as obtaining highly productive plant metabolites. In this study, were used sections cotyledon and leaf, induced on MS medium (1962) supplemented with: BAP alone and combined with NAA / 2,4-D, TDZ alone and ABA. Regeneration was with MS alone or with K + BAP + IAA and IAA. As a result was established an efficient system with cotyledon sections, being observed organogenesis at low concentrations of BAP, while high levels of BAP (2.5 mg.L-1) with 96 % and TDZ + ABA (0.02 + 1mg.L-1) with 71 %, favoring the primary and secondary somatic embryogenesis. Regeneration was 71 % with MS; rooting was 86.67 % with MS½, presenting whole plants obtained short term.

RESUMO

Azadirachta indica, é uma planta com várias aplicaçãos florestas e farmacológicas. Por conseguinte, a criação de sistema de cultura in vitro para a embriogénese somática apresenta várias vantagens, tais como a obtenção de plantas altamente produtivas de metabolitos. Neste estudo, as seções de cotilédones e folhas, induzidas em meios suplementado en MS (1962) con: BAP sozinho e combinado com ANA / 2,4-D, TDZ e ABA sozinho. A regeneração foi apenas com MS ou com K + BAP + IAA e IAA. Como resultado, foi eficiente con seções cotiledones, observados organogênese em baixas concentrações de BAP, en quanto altos níveis de BAP (2,5 mg L-1) e com TDZ + ABA (0,02 + 1mg.L-1) favoreceu a embriogênese somática primária e secundária até 96 % e 71%, respectivamente. Regeneração estava com MS 71 %, en quanto que o enraizamento foi de 86,67 %, com ½ MS produzindo plantas inteiras curto prazo.

 
COLOMBIAN FROZEN BIODIVERSITY: 16 YEARS OF THE TISSUE COLLECTION OF THE HUMBOLDT INSTITUTE
Authors: Arbeláez-Cortés Enrique , Torres María Fernanda , López-Álvarez Diana , Palacio-Mejía Juan Diego , Mendoza Áangela María , Medina Claudia Alejandra
Published: May 2015

Collections of tissue samples stand as keystone sources of molecular information to construct biodiversity knowledge, and are particularly useful in megadiverse countries. In 1998 the Humboldt Institute (Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt) began a tissue collection of Colombian biodiversity (IAvH-CT) and the aim of this work is to present a diagnostic and an historical narrative for that collection, constructed by compiling information and experiences on its management as well as by organizing and curating the information of each catalogued sample. After 16 years the IAvH-CT harbors 16469 samples, which represent around 2530 species from 1289 genera, and 323 families of the Colombian biodiversity. Samples are biased toward plants and birds (84 %), but also include other animal taxa. Geographically, IAvH-CT includes samples from all Colombian departments, but there is a broad variation in their coverage. When compared with other international collections IAvH-CT fulfills several standards of sample storage and data management, but have a major weakness that is that several tissues seem to lack a vouchered specimen. Tissues housed at IAvH-CT have been included in at least 48 studies published in several scientific journals. IAvH-CT is implementing strategies to improve curatorial standards, fill-up taxonomic gaps, and to explore the potential of its samples to understand the outstanding Colombian biota in a cooperative research frame among institutions.
Un viaje que se huele con los ojos o Carlos Jacanamijoy
Authors: Bejarano Alberto
Published: May 2015

Sobre la obra de Carlos Jacanamijoy.
La comunidad que viene
Authors: Santamaría Jaime
Published: May 2015

Reseña del libro: Giorgio Agamben. La comunidad que viene. España: Pre-Textos, 1996. 55 páginas.
Linfoma T Intestinal Monomórfico CD56+. Primer Caso Informado en Colombia y Revisión de la Literatura
Authors: Ricaurte G Orlando
Published: May 2015

Mujer de 80 años con hallazgo incidental de masa abdominal en mesogastrio, a quien le realizan resección de intestino delgado por sospecha de absceso con síndrome adherencial. El estudio patológico de la pieza quirúrgica demostró compromiso por  linfoma no Hodgkin T monomórfico CD56+. Los linfomas T del tubo digestivo son inusuales, correspondiendo a 5% de las neoplasias linfoides de esta localización. El linfoma intestinal T monomórfico CD56+, corresponde a 10 - 20% de los linfomas T intestinales, se presenta en regiones donde la enfermedad celiaca es infrecuente y no se asocia a enteropatía. Su curso es agresivo y habitualmente se manifiesta como una emergencia quirúrgica por obstrucción o perforación intestinal.
LEVANTAMENTO FITOSSOCIOLÓGICO DE PLANTAS DANINHAS EM CULTIVO DE BANANA IRRIGADA
Authors: Moura Filho Edmondson Reginaldo , Medeiros Macedo Luciano Pacelli , Souza Silva Adria Raiane
Published: May 2015

Este trabalho objetivou realizar cadastramento fitossociológico das espécies de plantas daninhas na cultura da banana no Vale do Assu, no município de Ipanguaçu-RN. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em uma área cultivada com banana ‘maça’ em área experimental do IFRN, campus Ipanguaçu. Para realização do estudo, selecionou-se uma área com plantas em plena produção com quatro anos de idade, proveniente do plantio via rizomas. Na caracterização da comunidade infestante foi utilizado o método do quadrado inventário (quadro de 0,5 x 0,5 m), lançado aleatoriamente na área em estudo. Em cada quadro amostrado, as plantas foram identificadas, sendo quantificadas as famílias, os gêneros e as espécies. Para a área estudada, pôde-se observar maior predominância de plantas dicotiledôneas. Foram identificadas 12 espécies distribuídas em 12 gêneros e 9 famílias. A maior infestação foi de espécies da família Poaceae (25%).
BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO DA VÁRZEA - RS: O PAPEL DO ÓRGÃO GESTOR
Authors: Da Cunha Kemerich Pedro Daniel , Ritter Luciana Gregory , Dulac Vinicius Ferreira , Cruz Rafael Cabral
Published: May 2015

Os comitês de gerenciamento de bacias hidrográficas são colegiados instituídos oficialmente pelo Governo do Estado que representam a instância básica de participação da sociedade no Sistema Estadual de Recursos Hídricos, devendo promover a gestão participativa e social, sendo que os mesmos devem ser compostos por vários segmentos da sociedade, dentre eles: setores usuários da água, sociedade civil organizada e órgãos públicos envolvidos na questão dos recursos hídricos. Cabe aos comitês acompanhar a implementação dos instrumentos de gestão dos recursos hídricos e amenizar conflitos entre os diferentes atores sociais envolvidos, a fim de que as necessidades sejam atendidas, mas sempre levando em consideração a conservação das águas. Deste modo o objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar a evolução das ações do Comitê de Bacia do Rio da Várzea e seus impactos na implementação do Sistema Estadual de Recursos Hídricos na respectiva bacia. Para efetivar tais propósitos, tanto as deliberações como os projetos aprovados contidos nas atas do comitê foram classificados pela pesquisa, segundo a natureza do assunto. Observou-se que o Comitê apresenta problemas relacionados principalmente à falta de participação dos membros e escassez de recursos financeiros.  A elaboração do Plano de Bacia, apesar de ainda não apresentar todas as fases concluídas, corrobora com a questão do planejamento da conservação, em quantidade e qualidade, da água na bacia hidrográfica, e tem por finalidade fundamentar e orientar a implementação da Política Estadual de Recursos Hídricos, assegurando as metas e os usos neles previstos, na área da bacia.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA FRAÇÃO ARGILOSA DO SOLO SUPERFICIAL NA REGIÃO DA FUNDIÇÃO DE CHUMBO EM SANTO AMARO, BAHIA
Authors: De Andrade Lima Luiz Rogerio Pinho , Souza Rosemario Cerqueira , Bernardez Leticia Alonso
Published: May 2015

O solo da região da fundição primária de chumbo de Santo Amaro apresenta concentrações anômalas de Pb e Zn e outros elementos potencialmente nocivos como Cu, Cd e As, devido às emissões atmosféricas da usina que operou por 33 anos. Visando compreender o processo de liberação-retenção destes elementos, assim como a definição de estratégias de descontaminacao este solo foi amostrado, tratado e caracterizado. Foi usada difração de raios-X, análise termo-gravimétrica, espectroscopia de infravermelho e refletância difusa da fração argila previamente separada e seca. Os resultados mostram que a fração argilosa deste vertissolo é composta por montmorilonita, ilita e caulinita. Devido ao fato destes argilo-minerais possuírem afinidade com vários cátions metálicos, a penetração dos elementos potencialmente tóxicos no solo da região da fundição primária de chumbo de Santo Amaro, é limitada apesar das altas concentrações verificadas na superfície.
ECOEMPREENDEDORISMO E COMPETÊNCIAS EMPREENDEDORAS: O CASO ECOEMPREENDEDOR TRANSFORMADOR DE RESÍDUO EM RIQUEZA
Authors: Moura da Fonseca Stêvenis Moacir , Da Silva Andréa Pereira , E Penalva Santos Daniel de Cerqueira Lima , Leite Emanuel Ferreira
Published: May 2015

Este estudo visa evidenciar as competências empreendedoras mais presentes no ecoempreendedor que inova na criação de produto que destina corretamente os resíduos de óleo de fritura usado, transformando-os em riqueza, sobretudo por sua contribuição ao meio ambiente através da reciclagem, contribuindo diretamente para a promoção de uma sociedade sustentável. Vale salientar que as observações das características empreendedoras se deram sob a perspectiva das competências empreendedoras descritas por McClelland, além de enfoques do empreendedorismo em recente literatura. Nesse sentido, foi necessário um contato direto com o empreendedor, na sua empresa. Uma entrevista semiestruturada foi realizada com o empreendedor e os resultados apresentados foram obtidos através das informações oriundas da aplicação de um questionário respondido pelo mesmo. Através desse estudo de caso, chegou-se à conclusão que todas as competências foram identificadas, sobretudo busca de oportunidades, iniciativa e busca de informações.
SCHOOL, CULTURE & MOVEMENT : SUBJECTS/ACTORS FACE THE TRACES OF THEIR OWN ACTIVITY WHEN CREATING ALBUMS
Authors: Pairis Nadine
Published: May 2015

This article concerns pupils' activity operated from the theoretical and methodological framework of data analysis of the "process of action" (Theureau, 2004) supporting on activity tracks (what emerges from the pre-reflexive consciousness) and video recordings proceeded with individual interviews questioning the actors about their work : creation of albums into two classes of cycle 2 (one of them is an experimental artistic and cultural educational classroom) with the help of an author/illustrator. The understanding of pupil’s activity answers the hypothesis of getting to work with creativity (Vygotski, 1930) in studying the "school well-being", the discourse analysis (case of Ramone who, in 2013, is not involved in the album creation while in 2014 he does not want to go out for a break before having finished the activity of visual art) as well as the posture of their bodies at a moment of attentive listening. The results reveal that pupils need more movement than being in stand by (Jorro, 2013; Dewey 1934), in exploring their relationship to the space children become aware of the other ones (action vs passivity). The analysis of the pupils’ activity puts into perspective the impact of the artistic and cultural practices on learnings and movement (performance of their musical tale -moving in space with big-sized illustrations-, graphic movement : not only in writing but in positioning their body to accustom them to feel it before it hurts them) as means of expression and cultural fact.
TECHNOLOGICAL TESTS USING QUARTZITE RESIDUES AS COMPONENT OF CERAMIC MASS AT THE PORCELAIN STONEWARE PRODUCTION
Authors: Souza Marcondes Mendes , Da Costa Francine Alves
Published: May 2015

This work aims to evaluate through technological tests the use of quartzite residues as component at the the production of porcelain stoneware. Were collected five samples of quartzites called of green quartzite, black quartzite, pink quartzite, goldy quartzite, white quartzite. After, the raw materials were milled, passed by a sieve with a Mesh of 200# (Mesh) and characterized by chemical analysis in fluorescence of x-rays and also analysis of the crystalline phases by diffraction of x-rays. The porcelain tiles mass is composed of five formulations containing 57% of feldspar, 37% of clay and 6% of residues of quartzite with different coloration. For the preparation of the specimens, it was used uniaxial pressing, which afterwards were synthesized at 1150°C, 1200°C and 1250°C. After the sintering, the specimens were submit for tests of technological characterization like: water absorption, linear shrinkage, apparently porosity, density and flexural strain at three points. The results presented in the fluorescence of x-rays showed a high-content of iron oxide on black quartzite that is why it was discarded the utilization of it in porcelain stoneware. All quartzite formulations had low water absorption achieved when synthesized at 1200°C, getting 0.1 to 0.36% without having gone through the atomization process. At the tests of flexural strain, all the quartzite had in acceptance limits, according to the European norm EN 100, overcoming 27 MPA at 1200°C
Investigation on the effects of guava (Psidium guajava L.) infusions on germination, root tips and meristematic cells of Latuca sativa
Authors: Luber Jaquelini , Palmieri Marcel J. , Botelho Carolina M. , Rinaldo Daniel , Andrade-Vieira Larissa F.
Published: May 2015

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a plant often employed in popular medicine. Recently several studies have alerted about the toxicity of substances present in medicinal plants, which can pose risks to the human health. In this sense, the present work aimed to investigate the phytotoxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic action of three guava varieties - Paluma, Pedro Sato and Roxa ("purple") - on the plant test system Lactuca sativa L. Thus, macro- and microscopic evaluations were carried out for five infusion concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0 g.L-1) prepared from each variety. Distilled water was used as negative control. Chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis by HPLC-PAD indicated that the chemical composition of the infusion of Roxa is different than that of the infusions of the varieties Paluma and Pedro Sato. It was observed that seed germination and root growth in L. sativa exposed to infusions decreased with increasing infusion concentration, regardless of the tested cultivar. For the mitotic index, no statistical differences were observed. On the other hand, a significant increase in the frequency of cell cycle alterations was verified, especially for the highest concentrations tested. The cytogenotoxic effect was significant. Therefore, guava should not be used indiscriminately in popular medicine.
The social context and the need of information from patients with epilepsy: evaluating a tertiary referral service
Authors: Freitas-Lima Priscila , Monteiro Edna Almeida , Macedo Lígia Ribeiro Horta , Funayama Sandra Souza , Ferreira Flávia Isaura Santi , Matias Júnior Ivair , Angelis Geisa , Nogueira Adriana Maria Arantes , Alexandre Veriano , Velasco Tonicarlo Rodrigues , Pinheiro-Martins Ana Paula , Sakamoto Américo Ceiki
Published: May 2015

Objective Characterize the social profile and the need of information from patients with refractory epilepsy. Method A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to 103 patients to investigate sociodemographic aspects, pharmacotherapy and any doubts about epilepsy. Results Patients were highly dependent on having a free and accessible supply of antiepileptic drugs. Sixty-eight percent of the population was unemployed, and 26% confirmed receiving social security benefits due to epilepsy. Twenty-nine percent of the population reached high school. Eighty-five percent of the patients had at least one doubt about epilepsy; treatment and epilepsy aspects in general were the main topics. Conclusion : As observed in developed countries, patients with refractory epilepsy from a developing country also have high rates of unemployment and low educational levels. The results raise a concern about the need of information about epilepsy by patients and their families, urging the necessity to invest in strategies to solve this deficiency in knowledge.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO QUÍMICA E FÍSICA DE FRUTOS DE CURRIOLA, GABIROBA E MURICI PROVENIENTES DO CERRADO BRASILEIRO
Authors: MORZELLE MARESSA CALDEIRA , BACHIEGA PATRICIA , SOUZA ELLEN CRISTINA DE , VILAS BOAS EDUARDO VALERIO DE BARROS , LAMOUNIER MARINA LEOPOLDINA
Published: May 2015

RESUMOO bioma Cerrado apresenta uma variedade de espécies frutíferas detentoras de características sensoriais peculiares pouco exploradas científica e comercialmente. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização química, física e nutricional dos frutos de curriola (Pouteria ramiflora), gabiroba (Campomanesia cambessedeana) e murici (Byrsonima verbascifolia), nativos do Cerrado brasileiro. A gabiroba apresentou elevada quantidade de vitamina C (383,33 mg/100g), bem como uma proporção significativa de polpa (81,52%). Por sua vez, a curriola apresentou teores consideráveis de fibra bruta (8,18%), enquanto o murici apresentou uma quantidade considerável de pectina (746,81 mg/100g), lipídeos (2,31%) e um expressivo potencial antioxidante (56 mg DPPH/g fruto). Desta forma, os resultados obtidos servem como base para pesquisas futuras no sentido da comprovação da presença de compostos bioativos e elaboração de produtos visando à agregação de valor aos frutos.