bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The concept of a set in the theory and practice of designing
Authors: Borgest Nikolay M.
Published: September 2023

The concept of a set is one of the key concepts in mathematics and not only. To further the discussion, assessments of the significance of sets in designing, generated by large language models, are given as a kind of generalized take on the importance of this concept. An analysis of the concepts of a set and a class in mathematics and engineering is provided. The multiplicity of their interpretations and the difference in various fields of application directly related to the concept of “element of the set”, are shown. In designing, the concept of a set is considered in various aspects and is filled with different content. First of all, it is a set of needs that continuously arise, and the design activity, accompanied by a multitude of design subjects participating in it, is aimed at satisfying them. It is also a set of precedents (already created artifacts), which are analogues and prototypes for the designer, but for one reason or another do not satisfy the emerging needs of the subjects. There are sets of: design parameters and design variables of the object being developed; criteria for evaluating a new artifact; background assumptions, data and conditions, including limitations; models describing the designed object; decision-making methods and, finally, a variety of design decisions. An objectively existing set of values of initial data and evaluation criteria in designing can be and is considered as an uncertainty (uncertain set), and as a given that must be revealed, narrowing the range of solutions and lowering the power of sets. In designing practice (removal of uncertainty, degeneration of the multiplicity of possible values of design parameters, etc.) one always strives for a singleton (a set with a single element), i.e. to the design solution that will be embodied in a design, technology or system.
Personalized engineering documentation templates in instructional design: ontological aspects and situation-based implementation
Authors: Mironov Valeriy V. , Gusarenko Artem S. , Tuguzbaev Gayaz A.
Published: September 2023

Information support for instructional design based on personalized automation is considered. Instructional design in a technical educational institution involves the development of engineering documentation, which includes, along with technical solutions, a significant amount of formal information provided for by standards and methodological requirements. Automated generation of personalized templates (blanks) of engineering documents makes it possible to reduce the labor intensity of routine stages of the instructional design process for students and teachers. The article discusses the conceptual scheme of this process, including the corresponding system of concepts and relationships connecting them taking into account the multivariance of design tasks and the multi-stage nature of design process. During personalization, the data of participants in the process, a version of the technical specifications, and related events are entered into the template. For multi-stage projects, templates are also personalized, considering technical decisions made at previous design stages. The implementation of the proposed concept of the instructional design process based on a situation-oriented approach is considered. The practical use of the results in the course design of database models involves the generation of personalized graphic documents in open formats of the Visio editor. The proposed personalization is focused on graphic documents in the form of diagrams and can be applied to drawings as well as text documents.
Designing E-Course Navigation
Authors: Solovov Alexander V. , Menshikova Anastasia A.
Published: September 2023

In the design of the e-course learning process, it is proposed to use the concept of a navigation model. This model provides convenient and didactically based navigation through the educational material of the course. The work is based on the recent research of the authors on the structuring of educational content in the form of an e-course content model, ordered in the form of a hierarchical structure of the ontologies of learning elements that make up the course. The navigation model concept includes a set of matrices of relations of order and logical coherence of learning elements and corresponding to these matrices of orgraphs of the sequence of study and logical coherence of fragments of educational content. The navigation model answers two important questions of designing an electronic course: 1) what should be the didactically rational sequence of studying the learning elements in the course that is being created; 2) what logical connections should be established between the individual learning elements of the course in order to ensure convenient and didactically based navigation of the course. The mathematical substantiation of the navigation model is given, its properties are investigated, and integral characteristics are introduced. The use of the e-course navigation model helps to: determine and visually represent a rational sequence of studying the educational material, as well as the logical reference links between its various fragments; provide effective assistance to students in navigating the course; analyze and compare different educational materials, assess the level of didactic significance of various learning elements; minimize the complexity of preparing exercises for training and control tests, and the complexity of training and control procedures for e-learning. The concept of a navigation model complies with the international e-learning standards SCORM and IMS, complements them with specific algorithms for aggregating learning objects (SCOs) into e-courses, and assists students in learning them. The mathematical substantiation of the navigation model makes it possible to automate the design of e-courses.
Designing onboard cable networks components considering the manufacturability requirements
Authors: Myasnikov Alexey Yu.
Published: September 2023

The design of the onboard cable network components of an aircraft that meet the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation is considered. The stages of the life cycle of the aircraft are noted, at which the analysis and evaluation of the technical solutions adopted at the design stage of the aircraft, aimed at adaptability to the installation and dismantling of products and components of the aircraft, take place. The scope of the design documentation required for the manufacture of onboard cable network components is determined. The peculiarity of the design stages and the inconsistency of the requirements of the regulatory and technical documentation used in designing onboard cable network components of the aircraft are indicated. A set of requirements for manufacturability, efficiency, reliability and electromagnetic compatibility of onboard cable network components is formalized. The criteria for the harness manufacturability are determined. A method is proposed for synthesizing the image of the onboard cable network components using a graph which vertices are supplemented with attributes that characterize the features of a wired connection to the elements of onboard systems. An algorithm of the designer's actions is developed when determining the need to introduce a connector into an electrical circuit, taking into account the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility of wires. Recommendations for designers of aircraft onboard cable network components are formulated.
Ontological models of the development of urban areas from the stand-point of applied cultural studies
Authors: Denisov Denis V. , Zhuravlev Mikhail Yu. , Medvedeva Natalia Yu. , Zhuravleva Tatyana D.
Published: September 2023

The object of research is the universal processes of space development in urban planning. An ontological model of space development is proposed, applicable to the zoning of megacities and public spaces, allowing its sectoral and zigzag representation. Territorial planning is defined as the formalization of the genesis and self-organization processes. The formalization includes eight stages of the self-organization process, absolute and relative spatial interpretation of each stage, and a set of urban planning functions for each stage. This approach can be used to examine the zoning of public spaces both as part of the designed public space and in the surrounding buildings. In the sectoral ontological model, the development of space is presented as a process of genesis, directed from the general to the particular and having an absolute or relative orientation to the cardinal points. In the zigzag ontological model, a relative spatial orientation is established between adjacent objects. The novelty of the study lies in the establishment of common principles for structuring space for megacities and their public spaces.
Finding dependencies in data based on methods of satisfying table con-straints
Authors: Zuenko Alexander A. , Zuenko Olga N.
Published: September 2023

The work deals with the search for a special type of regularities in data, called frequent patterns. A frequent pattern is understood as a certain set of attributes that characterizes a sufficiently large number of objects of the training sample. There are many methods for pattern discovery, but they usually do not allow flexible consideration of necessary requirements for their type. Taking into account the new conditions that the desired patterns must meet leads in practice to a time-consuming modification of used algorithms and a decrease in computing performance. This article proposes a new approach based on the constraint programming paradigm, which is free from the listed disadvantages. The approach is based on the original way of presenting the training sample using specialized table constraints – compressed D-type tables, on the author's method of backtracking, as well as on specialized reduction rules for table constraints. Particular attention is paid to solving the closed patterns discovery problem, which is included as part of the solution of all machine learning problems considered in the work, which means taking into account additional requirements for the type of patterns. As additional requirements to the type of pattern, constraints on the frequency of occurrence of a closed pattern, as well as conditions for the occurrence of some element (attribute) into the pattern, are considered. To the basic rules for the reduction of compressed D-type tables, rules are added that take into account the interesting attributes of the analyzed patterns. The advantage of the approach is that the taking into account and analyzing new constraints makes it possible to speed up the calculation process.
Ontology of guided development of scientific abilities of young people. Part 1: basic concepts and models
Authors: Piyavsky Semyon A.
Published: September 2023

The article attempts to analyze new trends in work with gifted youth as a new form of systemic, organizational and scientifically oriented independent activity of a motivated schoolchild or student. This activity, firstly, is aimed at satisfying the cognitive, intellectual, as well as other needs of the student and the effective development of their creative potential; secondly, it is associated with the consistent solution of research problems with not foreknown results, increasing novelty, relevance and complexity; thirdly, it is supported by a specially organized unified developing scientific and educational environment within the framework of its educational organization, region, industry, country; and finally, it involves a scientifically based unified assessment of both the developing effect and the scientific significance of the current results of this activity . The article discusses the basic concepts characterizing this activity and illustrating their examples and mathematical models. These include the author's structuring of the functions and levels of research activity, a multifaceted system of criteria for evaluating the scientific and developmental results of research work performed by young researchers, a functional profile, a functional rating and a professional functional rating of a young researcher, calculated based on the assessment results of their research work. For the first time, a mathematical model for the formation of acceptable options for research activities is proposed, which allows forming the optimal developing methodological structure of planned research. One of the unique points of the proposed approach is the widespread use of ordinal rating scales with the transformation of the results of their application into quantitative estimates based on the method of confident judgments of decision makers. The introduced concepts are formed into a graphical scheme of the ontology of guided development of scientific abilities of young people.
Decision Support System for autonomous vehicle maintenance management
Authors: Orlov Sergey P. , Susarev Sergey V.
Published: September 2023

Autonomous vehicles are complex objects equipped with the tools for monitoring the technical condition and transmitting data for diagnostics and prediction. The design of new models of autonomous and robotic vehicles is inextricably linked with the development of a maintenance system. The efficient functioning of the maintenance system is ensured by the use of intelligent technologies and digital twins. The article proposes an approach to designing a decision support system for the maintenance and repair of a fleet of autonomous vehicles. The decision support system is focused on robotic agricultural vehicles. The proposed structure of the system is of a general nature and can be used in transport and logistics enterprises in various sectors of the economy. The general architecture of the maintenance system is presented, including the neuro-digital twin of the vehicle, the analytics unit, simulation models of operation processes, and service centers. The components of the neuro-digital twin are digital twins of car units, a knowledge base, domain ontology, artificial neural networks, and a team of experts. The proposed approach is based on a combination of intelligent technologies and simulation modeling in collaboration with a team of experts. A set of original simulation models for the operation of a fleet of autonomous vehicles has been developed. New models based on stochastic timed colored Petri nets are proposed to analyze the processes during the autonomous vehicle operation. The developed decision support system can be used both at the stage of virtual commissioning and in the real operation of autonomous vehicles.
Qualificação de profissionais da saúde para testagem rápida de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis: experiência da Escola de Saúde Pública de Minas Gerais
Authors: De Lima Ferreira Vargas Michely , Costa Santos Moraes Juliana Lúcia , Souza Costa Michelle
Published: September 2023

O objetivo do presente artigo é relatar experiência desenvolvida pela Escola de Saúde Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, de qualificação de profissionais da Atenção Primária em Saúde para realização da testagem rápida de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, mais especificamente HIV/Aids; Sífilis e Hepatites Virais. Em atendimento a demanda apresentada pela Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais, a Escola desenvolveu metodologia de formação para qualificar profissionais para a realização de todas as etapas da testagem rápida, incluindo treinamento prático e preparo para realização de Acolhimento e Aconselhamento pré, durante e pós teste. O curso foi ofertado de forma descentralizada, durante o período de junho de 2019 a março de 2020 em sete regionais de saúde do estado. Foram qualificados ao total 704 profissionais atuantes na Atenção Primária em Saúde em MG. A avaliação positiva do curso, na percepção dos profissionais qualificados evidencia o sucesso da iniciativa. Por sua vez, os dados recentes sobre a notificação desses agravos reforçam a necessidade de se continuar a investir na qualificação dos profissionais de forma a se avançar na implementação da testagem rápida no estado.
The effectiveness of question student method in social studies learning on activity and learning outcomes
Authors: Handayani Nurizky , Aw Suranto , Zamroni Zamroni , Setiawan Johan , Fadli Muhammad Rijal
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the question students have a method in social studies learning to increase student activity and learning outcomes. This research uses quantitative methods. The population included seventh-grade students at junior high school in Yogyakarta, with a sample of 122. The sampling techniques cluster random sampling, while data collection used observations, interviews, and instruments. Data analysis used an independent sample t-test and an N-gain score test to determine student activity and learning outcomes. The results showed that the question student has a method in social studies learning was able to increase student activity and learning outcomes compared to conventional classes, based on the independent sample t-test test, and the N-gain score test was included in the medium category. The questions students have a method, have a very significant impact, thus making social studies learning more quality.

Keywords: Activity; learning methods; learning outcomes; questions students have; social science.
Practices, validity, and challenges of online formative assessment in Algerian higher education
Authors: Assia Zeraoulia , Samira Arar
Published: September 2023

Online assessment, whether formative or summative, appears to be a problematic issue for many English as a foreign language (EFL) university teachers.  Formative assessment is crucial for improving the quality of teaching and learning. Therefore, it is highly significant to recognize the possible trends of online formative assessment offered in the Algerian university context. In this regard, this paper aims at exploring the online formative assessment practices of EFL university teachers including the type of formative assessment experienced, assessment and feedback techniques, and the validity of the assessment strategies employed virtually. It further seeks to identify the challenges faced in the process. To achieve this, a qualitative approach based on exploratory and descriptive research design was adopted. An online questionnaire was administered to 16 EFL teachers from 12 Algerian universities. The findings revealed that participants employ a variety of online formative assessment strategies for various purposes.  The overall practices are, to a certain degree, valid.
Keywords: English as a foreign language (EFL); formative assessment; online assessment; university teacher.
Sensitive Research: a Trial of Retrospective Analysis and Conceptualizations
Authors: Myagkov Alexander
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to understanding the problem of sensitivity in survey research. A retrospective analysis of the formation and development of the field of scientific knowledge, which in western sociology in the 1990’s was refereed to as “sensitive research”, is presented. A brief historical outline of the study of sensitive issues is given with an emphasis on the most prominent schools in world sociology and the most renowned authors who have made a significant contribution to the study of this topic (representatives of the Chicago School, A. Kinsey, S. Warner, G.S. Becker, R. Lee, C. Renzetti, R. Tourangeau, T. Yang and others). The early and modern conceptualizations of sensitivity are critically analyzed, the weaknesses and shortcomings of both expansive (J. Sieber and B. Stanley) and restrictive (N. Farberow) interpretations of this concept are shown. A multifactorial approach developed by R. Lee and K. Renzetti is considered as an alternative, one that takes into account various types of threats that determine the sensitive nature of the questions asked and the answers received. The social nature of sensitivity is discussed. It is shown how the socio-cultural context and the specifics of respondents’ perception of questions influence the results of survey studies. The main consequences of using sensitive issues in sociological research are also analyzed. At the same time, there are three most dangerous effects that have a detrimental effect on the quality of empirical data: weakening cooperation on behalf of respondents, the increase in the number of missing questions (non-answers) and the emergence of socially desirable (insincere) answers. The factors causing these effects are identified, and methods are proposed to help neutralize them. Conclusions are drawn about the socio-cultural conditionality of question sensitivity, its contextual and situational nature.
Telemedicine in Russian Megacities: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Bogomiagkova Elena , Orekh Ekaterina , Glukhova Maria
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of a mixed empirical study carried out in 2020– 2021, which included semi-structured interviews with residents of large Russian cities (N = 90) and a telephone survey of residents of Saint Petersburg (N = 861). The focus of our attention is people’s experience of receiving remote medical consultations, the factors influencing it, as well as the attitudes that have developed towards this sort of assistance. The article aims at identifying possibilities and limitations of a new type of communication between doctor and patient, mediated by digital technologies. Based on the results of the research, conclusions about the prevalence of remote medical consultations, as well as how they are embedded in the everyday life of citizens and how they actualize important aspects of interaction with medical professionals were formulated.
It was revealed that remote medical consultations in general need to be separated from telemedicine as one of its variants. According to the results of the study, 25.2% of respondents have communicated at least once with a doctor remotely. Typically such interaction occurs with “trusted” doctors — those with whom personal, and often repeated contact has proven to be effective, and can be initiated by both the doctor and the patient. The situation is different in the case of telemedicine, attitudes towards which can be explained by how the specifics of interaction in the doctor-patient system are perceived. The inability to provide a physical examination and difficulties in establishing personal contact are among the more significant reasons preventing the use of telemedicine. Since telemedicine involves contact with unknown doctors and is always initiated by the patient, the basis for resorting to it is not interpersonal trust in the specialist, but the presence of institutional trust in the healthcare system and a significant degree of patient autonomy. People who are aware that they have health problems and have a habit of taking care of themselves in various different ways, including by means of monitoring medical recommendations, are more likely to communicate remotely with a doctor. A higher level of income increases the chances of resorting to such consultations. Predictably, representatives of older age groups turned out to be in the outsider group.
Self-presentation and Success on Digital Platforms by the Example of Construction and Repair Workers
Authors: Strebkov Denis
Published: September 2023

Digital platforms form a highly competitive online environment where workers have to actively compete for projects and clients, using not only their professional knowledge and skills, but also special soft skills of self-presentation and self-organization in order to increase their chances of success. Our goal is to show how construction and repair workers present themselves on such platforms and how this self-presentation affects their success. Data were collected by web scraping on the Russian platform YouDo in 2023. The regression analysis results show that the focus of repairmen on professionalism and entrepreneurship is positively associated with the number of jobs they’ve completed. At the same time, we do not find evidence that platforms contribute to eroding the value of professionalism and replacing it with job proficiency, as H. Pongratz argues. People who focus on their proficiency do not get significant advantages compared to other workers.
S.L. Frank on the Path to Social Philosophy: Experience of Comparative Analysis: G. Simmel, E. Husserl, M. Scheler
Authors: Malinkin Alexander
Published: September 2023

The article discusses the evolution of the views of S.L. Frank (1877–1950) on society and culture up until he created a completed socio-philosophical doctrine in 1929. A comparative textologically substantiated analysis of his views with the views of G. Simmel, E. Husserl, M. Scheler is carried out. The author shows that Frank, who adhered to psychologism in his methodology until 1915, makes a choice in favor of Neoplatonism, the latest form of which he finds in Husserl’s transcendental philosophy. The author believes that the concepts of Frank’s social philosophy were formed, among other things, under the influence of G. Simmel’s principles of “philosophical sociology”, E. Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology, and his philosophy of social cognition is surprisingly close to M. Scheler’s phenomenological sociology.
To the 100th Anniversary of Professor V.N. Shubkin (1923–2010). Today we Remember Vladimir Shubkin
Authors: Astafiev Yanis , Voznesenskaya Elena , Firsova Olga
Published: September 2023

The memoirs of colleagues and students of V.N. Shubkin (1923–2010), one of the founders of Soviet sociology, who in the 1960’s initiated longitudinal studies of the processes of young people transitioning from education to labor, are published. The article discusses the scientist’s views on sociological theory and the methodology of social knowledge. The researcher’s relations with students, colleagues, government officials are described.
The New Role of Banks in Modern Society
Authors: Brudno Alexey , Arlazarov Vladimir
Published: September 2023

In the modern world banks are unique. Formally, they are commercial enterprises, but in fact they have a government role, controlling all of the financial activity of the population and organizations. This article examines the roles of banks in the surveillance and pressuring of people that are not usually publicized. There is no political subtext in this article, as the situation described is typical for all countries. The fact that the majority of the examples given are from Russia and the USA simply reflects the experience of the authors. The other important thing to note is that the article describes the ongoing war of “banks against the people,” and the cascade of events is accelerating with nearly every month. And the winner in these intermittent skirmishes is always the same.
Eşitlik Aksiyomu: Jacques Rancière’in Demokrasi Tahayyülü
Authors: TUNÇ M. Taha
Published: September 2023

Çağdaş Fransız filozof Jacques Rancière, demokrasi kavramını eşitlik sorunu etrafında geliştirir. Bu yüzden hakiki bir demokrasi için eşitsizliği gündeme getirmek gerekir. Rancière eşitsizliği bir bölüşüm sorunu olarak değerlendirerek “duyulurun paylaşımı”na (partage du sensible) odaklanır. Filozoflar ve sosyal bilimciler duyulur olan ile düşünülür olan ayrımını bu eşitsiz bölüşüme dayandırarak kullanmıştır. Bu makale ise Rancière’in demokrasi kuramını değerlendirmek adına onun eşitlik aksiyomunu öne çıkarır ve eşitliğin sadece bir cemaatte mümkün olduğunu, genel, evrensel bir eşitlik olmadığını ileri sürer. Bu makale, her şeyden önce, Rancière’in düşüncesinin nasıl geliştiğini ve yapıtlarında neden eşitlik sorununa değindiğini sergilemektedir. Ardından da makale, Rancière’in temel argümanlarını serimleyip tartışmaktadır. Bu bakımdan Rancière’e göre demokrasi ancak bir eşitler cemaati bünyesinde mümkün olabilir ve genel bakımdan bir eşitlik bulunmaz. Rancière bu uyumsuzluğu anlaşmazlık (mésentente) olarak adlandırır. Her ne kadar, eşitlik aksiyomunu takiben, bütün zekâlar eşit olsa da irade bakımından farklılıklar bulunur. Sonuç olarak, Rancière bölgesel bir eşitliğin bulunduğu yerde kitlesel bir eşitlik olmadığını ileri sürer.
Totalitarianism and Individualism Unveiled: Hobbes and Orwell
Authors: ÖZEN BAYKENT Ufuk
Published: September 2023

George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four holds significant importance today partly because it remains relevant to contemporary society and partly because it warns the societies against totalitarianism. On the other hand, Thomas Hobbes holds a contrary view in terms of the political system he defends, a view shaped by the circumstances his country was in. The present study aims to examine the portrayal of totalitarianism in Orwell’s dystopian masterpiece, Nineteen Eighty-Four and to explore what Hobbes contrarily argues about the necessity of a powerful authority in the establishment and continuity of a harmonious society. The writings by Orwell and Hobbes, the implications the novel carries for fundamental questions about personal freedom, autonomy, and the stifling of individuality will be analyzed by addressing to the concept of totalitarianism that is related to the arguments proposed by Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan. A philosophical consideration of the novel and comparison of how Orwell and Hobbes reacted the idea of totalitarianism in two different ways in their own contexts will encourage us to examine our own political systems, media, and societal norms today.
Medical Students’ Perceptions of Clinical and Research Training: An International Needs Assessment of 26 Countries
Authors: Navarro Sergio , Stewart Kelsey , Tessier Katelyn , Berhane Aemon , Alvarado Susana Prestinary , Tafirei Tavonga , Abdi Hodan , Keil Evan , Tuttle Todd , Rickard Jennifer
Published: September 2023

Objective: Despite calls to incorporate research training into medical school curriculum, minimal research has been conducted to elucidate trends in research knowledge, opportunities, and involvement globally. This study aims to: (1) assess medical students’ perceptions of the level of training they received on research based on their medical school training, and (2) evaluate the obstacles related to conducting research as part of medical students’ training.
Methods: A 94-question, bilingual survey designed by a small focus group of individuals from medical schools across the globe and administered to medical students from different parts of the world, distributed via social media networks (Twitter, Now X, Facebook) and email distributions via international partnerships from November 1 to December 31, 2020. The survey collected demographic information including age, gender, medical institution and country, degree, year in training, clinical rotations completed, plans for specialization, and additional graduate degrees completed. Statistical analysis included a summary of survey participant characteristics, and a comparison between regions, with a variety of comparison and logistic regression models used.
Results: A total of 318 medical students from 26 countries successfully completed the survey. Respondents were majority female (60.1%), from Latin America (LA) (53.1%), North America (NA) (28.6%), and Other world regions (Other) (18.2%). Students felt research was an important component of medical training (87.7%), although many reported lacking research support from their institution (47.5%).There were several reported barriers to research, including lack of research opportunities (69.4%), lack of mentors (56.6%), lack of formal training (54.6%), and barriers due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (49.3%). Less frequent were barriers related to financial resources (41.6%), physical resources (computer or internet access) (18%), and English language ability (6.9%). Students from Latin America and Other were more likely to report a desire to pursue research later in their medical careers compared with students from North America.
Conclusions and Implications for Translation: Despite significant interest in research, medical students globally report a lack of formal research training, opportunities, and several barriers to conducting research, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The study highlights the need for student research traininginternationally and the role of further regional-specific and institutional-specific evaluation of research training needs.
 
Copyright © 2023 Navarro et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
The nexus between principal competence, learning leadership, facility feasibility, and public elementary school quality in Cikande, Serang District, Indonesia
Authors: Laela Siti , Hanafi Syadeli , Sudadio Sudadio
Published: September 2023

This research endeavors to expound upon the intricate interplay between the caliber of public elementary schools in Cikande, Serang District, Indonesia, and the proficiency of school principals in their managerial roles, their capacity for learning leadership, and the overall viability of school facilities. Employing a quantitative research paradigm with a descriptive correlational approach bolstered by a verification process, the study utilizes a closed questionnaire as the primary data collection tool. The dataset, stemming from 32 public elementary schools in Cikande, Serang District, located within Banten Province, Indonesia, and encompassing a total population of 308 teachers, is meticulously distilled through both descriptive and numerical analysis techniques. The findings underscore the presence of a substantial and statistically significant association between managerial competence and the feasibility of school facilities at the population level. Likewise, a pronounced and statistically significant correlation exists between learning leadership and the suitability of school facilities at the population level. Moreover, the research elucidates a noteworthy connection between school feasibility and the overall quality of these institutions across the population. Most notably, a comprehensive interrelationship emerges, where managerial acumen, learning leadership, and facility feasibility converge to exert a substantial impact on school quality at the population level. In light of these empirical insights, the study strongly advocates that school administrators prioritize the enhancement of their managerial competencies, foster adeptness in learning leadership, and diligently uphold and enhance facility feasibility as integral strategies to elevate school quality.
Predicting the impact of fatigue severity and depression level on the quality of life in individuals with Parkinson's disease (Preprint)
Authors: Lin Hung-Yu , Lin Yi-Tung , Chiou Chou-Ping , Pan Hsueh-Hsing
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Patients with Parkinson’s disease experience changes in physical, psychological, and social functioning, among which the psychological aspect is most likely to cause fatigue and depressive symptoms.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate whether fatigue and depressive symptoms, and other demographic variables can predict the quality of life in individuals with Parkinson’s disease.

METHODS

The study design was a cross-sectional correlational study using a questionnaire survey to interview 133 study participants on the Quality of Life Scale, Depression Scale, Exhaustion Scale, Social Support, and demographic attributes.

RESULTS

A total of 130 valid questionnaires were obtained. The results showed that Hoehn and Yahr's stage, fatigue severity, and depression status could predict quality of life, explaining 51.1% of the total variance. This indicates that patients with higher Hoehn and Yahr's stage, higher fatigue severity, and higher depression level had worse overall quality of life; conversely, their overall quality of life was worse.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings indicate that besides Hoehn and Yahr’s stage, fatigue severity and depression level affect the quality of life in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Nurses need to understand the “stressful life events” and the changes in appearance and physical function that patients with Parkinson’s disease face due to chronic degenerative diseases. Therefore, in addition to caring for the physiological needs of patients, psychological problems (such as depressive symptoms) should also be provided with appropriate care, and patients can be encouraged to participate in “counseling groups” to strengthen their social support network and improve their comorbidities and quality of life.
Capturing the Dynamics of Homelessness Through Ethnography and Mobile Technology: Protocol for the Development and Testing of a Smartphone Technology–Supported Intervention (Preprint)
Authors: Foster Marva , Fix Gemmae M , Hyde Justeen , Dunlap Shawn , Byrne Thomas H , Sugie Naomi F , Kuhn Randall , Gabrielian Sonya , Roncarati Jill S , Zhao Shibei , McInnes D Keith
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

US military veterans who have experienced homelessness often have high rates of housing transition. Disruptions caused by these transitions likely exacerbate this population’s health problems and interfere with access to care and treatment engagement. Individuals experiencing homelessness increasingly use smartphones, contributing to improved access to medical and social services. Few studies have used smartphones as a data collection tool to systematically collect information about the daily life events that precede and contribute to housing transitions, in-the-moment emotions, behaviors, geographic movements, and perceived social support.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to develop and test a smartphone app to collect longitudinal data from veterans experiencing homelessness (VEH) and to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using the app in a population that is unstably housed or homeless.

METHODS

This study’s design had 3 phases. Phase 1 used ethnographic methods to capture detailed data on day-to-day lived experiences of up to 30 VEH on topics such as housing stability, health, and health behaviors. Phase 2 involved focus groups and usability testing to develop and refine mobile phone data collection methods. Phase 3 piloted the smartphone mobile data collection with 30 VEH. We included mobile ethnography, real-time surveys through an app, and the collection of GPS data in phase 3.

RESULTS

The project was launched in June 2020, and at this point, some data collection and analysis for phases 1 and 2 are complete. This project is currently in progress.

CONCLUSIONS

This multiphase study will provide rich data on the context and immediate events leading to housing transitions among VEH. This study will ensure the development of a smartphone app that will match the actual needs of VEH by involving them in the design process from the beginning. Finally, this study will offer important insights into how best to develop a smartphone app that can help intervene among VEH to reduce housing transitions.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/53022
Role of Virtual Platforms in Faculty Attendance during Surgical Morbidity and Mortality Conferences: A Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Singh Khushboo , Shaikh Saamia , Hooda Zamaan , Trivedi Aakash , Christian Derick
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

The role of M&Ms are multifold as they serve as an essential tool for quality improvement programs aimed to optimize patient care, reduce medical error, and serves as an educational forum in a protected environment.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the impact of virtual meeting platforms on faculty attendance during surgical Mortality and Morbidity conferences (M&Ms) as a result of changes made during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

A mixed methods approach was utilized combining a quantitative retrospective observational study with a qualitative faculty survey. A total of 84 M&M dates were studied for physician attendance in surgery M&Ms at St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, New Jersey and divided into three groups, n=28 each: Pre-COVID (during COVID without teleconferencing), COVID-T (during COVID with teleconferencing), and Post-COVID-T (after COVID with teleconferencing). A survey of 24 physicians was employed to further explore the impression of virtual platforms on physicians. Statistical analysis using the T-test, Pearson’s correlation (r), and regression analysis were performed, with a P-value of 0.05 indicating statistical significance.

RESULTS

Mean attendance-18, 22, 20 in Pre-COVID, COVID-T, POST-COVID-T respectively. There was significant (P = 0.03) increase in COVID-T vs PRE-COVID; no significant difference in POST-COVID-T vs PRE-COVID. PRE-COVID, attendance trends were declining by a weak negative correlation of r= -0.428. The attendance trends improved (r=-0.211), and in POST-COVID-T, continued to remain stable with weak correlation (r= -0.073). Physician survey responses- 83% M&Ms are extremely important, 8.3% somewhat important, 8.3% not important. 83% reported increased ability to attend M&Ms w/ teleconferencing. In terms of satisfaction with the option of utilizing virtual platforms to attend M&Ms vs in person, 41% somewhat satisfied, 29% extremely satisfied. 95% agreed that teleconferencing should be continued.

CONCLUSIONS

Virtual platforms can play a vital role in encouraging the faculty participation in M&Ms, and should be continued.
A Review of Research Paradigms of Cognitive Translatology in China
Authors: Xu Huixia
Published: September 2023

After twenty years of development after cognitive translatology was introduced to China from the West, research on cognitive translatology has achieved fruitful results. Cognitive science has updated the research methods and paradigms of cognitive translatology and promoted the research and progress of cognitive translatology. In terms of the research methods of cognitive translation studies, domestic scholars draw more from the research of western scholars, and on this basis, they continue to explore the innovation of paradigms and promote the research of cognitive translatology at a deeper level.
THE STUDY OF THE PERSONAL TRAITSOF THE QUALITY ASSURANCE MANAGERS OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Koretsky V. P. , Bochkova T. Y.
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of a study devoted to the study of the totality of employers' requirements for the personal traits of applicants for the positions of the staff member of Quality Control Service and comparing them with the actual level of Quality Assurance Managers of an industrial enterprise. The analysis of job advertisements and employers’ needs for the position of Quality Assurance Managerhas made it possible to determine the list of the most common requirements of employers for future employees of the Quality Control Service. The study of the personal traits and skills of Quality Assurance Managers working in industrials corporations and other staff members has been undertaken based on the Questionnaire for the Diagnosis of the Emotional-Volitional sphere of the Personality developed by M.V. Chumakov. Carried out the research, the personal characteristics and traits of employees benefit to successful activities in the Quality Control Service of an industrial enterprise has been identified. The results obtained are usefulfor recruitment system to be improved. The study of the theoretical foundations of staff recruitment and the analysis of the proposed innovations to optimize the hiring policydemonstrates that thepersonal and professional traits, the intrinsic properties and skills of applicants are essential and indispensable to human resource management especially allowing for current unstable economic and epidemic situation both around the world and in our country and while active innovative development goes on. M.V. Chumakov's questionnaire in the recruitment of personnel as an additional method of evaluating candidates for the positions of supervisors in the Quality Control Service creates the core idea of the currently dominant personal traits of applicants, which, together with other recruitment methods, facilitates the decision to hire the most appropriate employee. The approach reduces the costs of training and retraining insufficiently suitable applicants for the position of Quality Assurance Managers.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVE PLANNING OF BUDGET EXPENDITURES OF THE UDMURT REPUBLIC
Authors: Firsova S. N. , Shmyrina A. V.
Published: September 2023

One of the most urgent tasks today is to increase the efficiency of the use of available resources at each level of the budget system of the Russian Federation as a whole and each region in particular. At the same time, the main issue is the improvement of budget planning, as one of the main elements of the management system of state and municipal finances. In order to ensure long-term balance and stability of the budgets of the budgetary system, a number of measures have been implemented in recent years aimed at ensuring greater stability and predictability of economic and financial conditions, as well as reducing their dependence on external factors. Such measures in the long term are an important factor for maintaining macroeconomic stability, which in turn creates the basic conditions for ensuring sustainable inclusive economic growth, the implementation of strategic objectives and the growth of the welfare of the population. In this article, an attempt is made to assess the effectiveness of budget expenditure planning in the Udmurt Republic, several existing methods for assessing the effectiveness of budget expenditure planning at the regional level are considered. One method, the most suitable according to the author, was chosen, which was analyzed and its shortcomings were revealed. Based on the analysis, the authors proposed their own methodology for assessing the effectiveness of budget expenditures, taking into account all the existing shortcomings of the basic methodology, and made appropriate calculations on the example of the regional budget of the Udmurt Republic. In conclusion, the essential advantages of the new author's methodology are listed, which allows taking into account the real state of the economy today.