bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Structure of South Renland, Scoresby Sund.
Authors: Chadwick Brian
Published: November 2024

Renland occupies an internal position within the southern extreme of the outcrop of the Caledonian mobile belt of East Greenland exposed between latitudes 70° and 82° N. In south-west Renland migmatised paragneisses derived from sediments comparable to the late Precambrian Lower Eleonore Bay Group form a multilayered sequence with a minimum thickness of 1500 m. The migmatites are interleaved with thick concordant sheets of garnetiferous augen granite, the formation of which may be linked with the low-pressure granulite or transitional amphibolite-granulite facies conditions attained during migmatisation of the paragneisses. These conditions persisted during the folding together of paragneisses and granites into regional structures of nappe dimensions which had a north or north-west direction of transport. Refolding of the nappes under continued high-grade conditions gave rise to structures locally coaxial with nappe axes. Reversals of facing of nappes occur in backfolds. Linear fabrics of sillimanite and biotite and prolate ellipsoidal augen of feldspar are parallel to fold axes and show that constrictional deformation dominatedthe later stages of the nappe phase and the refolding event. The constriction is attributed to compressing of rocks in south-west Renland between nappes advancing from the south and a rising mass of granite and basement gneisses in the north. Intrusion of concordant sheets of biotite-rich hypersthene monzonite (mangerite) followed the nappe deformation in south-east Renland. The principal sheet, which is 500 m thick, forms the rim to part of a lopolithic basin. Thinner sheets of monzonite injected into migmatites within the basin have been disrupted by further migmatisation and granitisation. Stable assemblages in pyribolite restite suggest this later event, which was restricted largely to the basin, attained conditions of hornblende- granulite facies. Open warps attributed to monzonite injection and the basin formation are superimposed on nappes west of the principal sheet. Normal faults with downthrow to east and west relate to the formation of troughs filled with Upper Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sediments in the Scoresby Sund region. The distribution of the faults suggests Renland was a horst area in Upper Palaeozoic times. Tertiary igneous activity in south Renland is represented by rare dykes of olivine dolerite and scattered plugs of pyroxenite which locally contain large blocks of host gneisses.
Devonian Sediments of East Greenland I. Introduction, Classification of Sequences, Petrographic Notes.
Authors: Friend P. F. , Alexander-Marrack P. D. , Nicholson J. , Yeats A. K.
Published: November 2024

The object of this project has been to apply the methods of detailed sedimentology to the Devonian rocks of East Greenland. This work has been based on the investigations of palaeontology, stratigraphy and structure carried out by the major series of Danish expeditions that was active in the area between 1926 and 1958.
The results of this project are being published in the various numbers of this volume. This number provides some introduction.
Four field parties spent three summers working in the area.
A standard method of recording sedimentary log observations depended on use of printed forms that were read by machine after the end of the field season. The resulting data were then available for a variety of computer-based analyses.
Multivariate analytical techniques were used in arriving at a classification of standard (usually 10 m) lengths into which all sedimentary logs were divided. The resulting thirty-one classes have been used throughout the project to describe variation in sediment types.
Certain petrographic features are described that benefit from general consideration, as compared with the local analysis presented in later numbers of this volume. These features include the types of clasts in the conglomerates and sandstones, the petrology of the rare limestones, and the petrology of concretions. The distribution and origin of colouring of the sediments are discussed, and some clay mineral analyses are presented.
Résumé des Communications sur le Grønland
Authors: Wandel C. F. , Rørdam K. , Lundbeck W.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Liste over Stednavne i Dansk Østgrønland.
Authors: Holm G.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Sostenibilidad y horrores climáticos: una crónica desde el fantástico
Authors: Roig Antoni
Published: November 2024

En la pasada edición del Sitges - Festival Internacional de Cine Fantástico de Catalunya la sostenibilidad y la angustia ante posibles futuros no deseados relacionados con el cambio climático por causas humanas a través del fantástico tuvieron una presencia importante en diferentes secciones. En este artículo expondremos algunas tendencias destacadas.
Challenging of the debtors transactions in bankruptcy proceedings
Authors: Ganeva Ekaterina Olegovna
Published: November 2024

In this article, the focus is directed to identifying legal concerns of challenging of the debtors transactions in bankruptcy proceedings. The issues of definition of transaction which is subjected to challenging in bankruptcy, the particularities of such acts as abandonment of a claim and conclusion of an amicable agreement are identified and addressed; the specificity of challenging of a chain of transactions in bankruptcy and particular acts on the implementation of the contract are determined. The problem of dual qualification of transactions, which are challenging under special bankruptcy grounds and in accordance with general rules of Civil Code of the Russian Federation about invalidity of transactions is highlighted in the article. Methods of formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction), methods of systematic research and technical-legal analysis, dialectical and formal-legal methods make it possible to the author to identify theoretical and practical legal problems related to challenging of debtors transactions and the existing approaches to their resolution. It's concluded that broad interpretation must not be applied in cases which are not connected to bankruptcy. The opportunity of challenging of acts that are provided by Bankruptcy Law must not be applied to legal relations which are not complicated by bankruptcy. Challenging of a chain of transactions requires a certain approach (dual qualification). We mustn't limit to an assessment of particular execution without the scope of the whole legal relations between parties during challenging acts of execution of the contract. If the transaction has signs of the invalidity under special bankruptcy grounds, its qualification by articles 10, 168 of Civil Code of The Russian Federation is unacceptable. But dual qualification during challenging in bankruptcy is acceptable if we apply provisions of Bankruptcy Law and article 170 of Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
Protective effect of Phyllanthus acidus (L) skeel fruits on attenuation of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Rajesham Vallala Venkata , Raghavendra Mitta , Ali Pinjari Roshan , Reddy Gaddam Supriya , Rama Rao Tadikonda
Published: November 2024

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a persistent and often lethal condition marked by initial alveolitis that advances to interstitial fibrosis. The pathological hallmark of PF is the presence of usual interstitial pneumonia on a biopsy. The aim of the present study was to study the protective effect of Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels fruit against bleomycin-induced PF. The phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract showed alkaloids, saponins, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids as major metabolites. Bleomycin prompts an elevated production of reactive oxygen species, initiating an inflammatory response that may lead to pulmonary toxicity, activation of fibroblasts, and the subsequent onset of fibrosis. In this study, bleomycin was administered intratracheally at a dose of 4 mg/kg b. wt. the ethanolic extract at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight doses were used for screening protective effect against bleomycin-IPF. N-acetyl cysteine was used as a standard drug Tissue oxidant stress markers MDA, SOD, CAT, and GPx, was evaluated in lung tissue homogenate, and cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The decreased MDA and increased SOD, CAT, and GPx levels were observed in treated groups after bleomycin administration. The increased cell counts were reduced to normal in PAE groups. In conclusion, Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeel fruits were useful for PF treatment.
Mapping HIV-1 RNA Structure, Homodimers, Long-Range Interactions and persistent domains by HiCapR
Authors: Zhang Yan , Han Jingwan , Xie Dejian , Shen Wenlong , Li Ping , Lau Jian You , Li Jingyun , Li Lin , Kudla Grzegorz , Zhao Zhihu
Published: November 2024

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) persists as a leading global health issue. A significant knowledge gap exists in our understanding of long-range interactions of the HIV-1 RNA genome. To bridge this gap, we introduce HiCapR, incorporating a psoralen crosslinking RNA proximity ligation and post-library hybridization for capturing HIV RNA:RNA interactions.Leveraging HiCapR, we confirm the presence of stem structures in the key regions, such as the 5’-UTR and RRE stems, and dimer sites in 5’-UTR region, which is responsible for HIV packaging. Importantly, we reveal multiple previously unknown homodimers along the HIV genome, which may have important implications for viral RNA splicing and packaging processes. Also, we uncover a wealth of unprecedented long-range interactions, particularly within the 5’-UTR of infected cells.Intriguingly, our findings indicate a pronounced reduction in long-range RNA:RNA interactions, signifying a transition from a state of abundant interactions, hence a relative loose state within infected cells to a condensed structure within virions. Concurrently, we have demonstrated the presence of stable genomic domains within virions that are instrumental in the dimerization process. These domains are preserved throughout the packaging process.Our findings shed light on the functional significance of RNA organization, including stable and persistent genomic domains, homodimerization, and long-range RNA:RNA interactions, in the splicing, packaging as well as assembly of HIV.
Enhanced bacterial chemotaxis in confined microchannels: Optimal performance in lane widths matching circular swimming radius
Authors: Yue Caijuan , Zhang Chi , Zhang Rongjing , Yuan Junhua
Published: November 2024

Understanding bacterial behavior in confined environments is crucial for elucidating microbial ecology and developing strategies to manage bacterial infections. While extensive research has focused on bacterial motility on surfaces and in porous media, chemotaxis in confined spaces remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the chemotaxis of
Escherichia coli
within microfluidic lanes under a linear concentration gradient of L-aspartate. We demonstrate that
E. coli
exhibits significantly enhanced chemotaxis in lanes with sidewalls compared to open surfaces, primarily due to cells aligning and swimming along the right sidewalls. By varying lane widths, we identify that an 8 μm width—approximating the radius of bacterial circular swimming on surfaces—maximizes chemotactic drift velocity. These results are supported by both experimental observations and stochastic simulations, establishing a clear proportional relationship between optimal lane width and the radius of bacterial circular swimming. Further geometric analysis provides an intuitive understanding of this phenomenon. Our results offer new insights into bacterial navigation in complex biological environments such as host tissues and biofilms, shedding light on microbial ecology in confined habitats and suggesting new avenues for controlling bacterial infections.
Salmonella exploits host- and bacterial-derived β-alanine for replication inside host macrophages
Authors: Ma Shuai , Yang Bin , Sun Yuyang , Wang Xinyue , Guo Houliang , Liu Ruiying , Ye Ting , Kang Chenbo , Chen Jingnan , Jiang Lingyan
Published: November 2024

Salmonella
is a major foodborne pathogen that can effectively replicate inside host macrophages to establish life-threatening systemic infections.
Salmonella
must utilize diverse nutrients for growth in nutrient-poor macrophages, but which nutrients are required for intracellular
Salmonella
growth is largely unknown. Here, we found that either acquisition from the host or de novo synthesis of a nonprotein amino acid, β-alanine, is critical for
Salmonella
replication inside macrophages. The concentration of β-alanine is decreased in
Salmonella
-infected macrophages, while the addition of exogenous β-alanine enhances
Salmonella
replication in macrophages, suggesting that
Salmonella
can uptake host-derived β-alanine for intracellular growth. Moreover, the expression of
panD,
the rate-limiting gene required for β-alanine synthesis in
Salmonella,
is upregulated when
Salmonella
enters macrophages. Mutation of
panD
impaired
Salmonella
replication in macrophages and colonization in the mouse liver and spleen, indicating that de novo synthesis of β-alanine is essential for intracellular
Salmonella
growth and systemic infection. Additionally, we revealed that β-alanine influences
Salmonella
intracellular replication and
in vivo
virulence by increasing expression of the zinc transporter genes
znuABC,
which in turn facilitates the uptake of the essential micronutrient zinc by
Salmonella
. Taken together, these findings highlight the important role of β-alanine in the intracellular replication and virulence of
Salmonella
, and
panD
is a promising target for controlling systemic
Salmonella
infection.
Spinal neural tube formation and tail development in human embryos
Authors: Santos Chloe , Marshall Abigail R , Murray Ailish , Metcalfe Kate , Narayan Priyanka , de Castro Sandra CP , Maniou Eirini , Greene Nicholas DE , Galea Gabriel L , Copp Andrew J
Published: November 2024

Formation of the nervous system in the spinal region of higher vertebrates involves primary and secondary neurulation, in which the neural tube forms by closure and canalisation respectively. These processes are incompletely understood in humans, in part due to the challenge of accessing neurulation-stage embryos (3-7 weeks post-conception). Here we present findings on completion of primary neurulation and formation of the ‘secondary body’ (including secondary neurulation) in 108 human embryos that span Carnegie Stages (CS) 10 to 18. Several outstanding questions on low spinal development in humans are addressed: we show that primary neurulation is completed at the human posterior neuropore with a pattern of neural plate bending similar to that in the mouse. There is no evidence of a ‘transition zone’ to secondary neurulation, which proceeds from CS13 with formation of a single lumen as in mouse, not coalescence of multiple lumens as has been claimed based on chick neurulation. Secondary neural tube ‘splitting’ is seen in the more proximal tail regions of 60% of human embryos. A somite is formed every 7 h in human, compared with 2 h in mice and a 5 h ‘segmentation clock’ in human organoids. Termination of axial elongation occurs after downregulation of
WNT3A
and
FGF8
in the CS15 embryonic tailbud, with a ‘burst’ of apoptosis that may remove the neuro-mesodermal progenitors. We conclude that low spinal neurulation and secondary body formation follow a similar pattern in humans as in mammalian model systems such as mouse and rat. Investigators are now attempting to recapitulate events of neurulation in organoids derived from human stem cells, and our findings provide ‘normative data’ for interpretation of such in vitro results.
Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of Bis[4-Methyl-1-{1-(Pyridin-2-Yl)Ethylidene} Thiosemicarbazide-Κ3s,N,N]Zinc(II)
Authors: Seck Gorgui Awa , Sarr Mamour , Gueye Mbosse Ndiaye , Lenertz Marc , Delahaye Emilie , Mouton Julia , Diop Mayoro , Gaye Mohamed Lamine
Published: November 2024

Schiff base ligand (4-methyl-1-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide (H2L) was synthesized via condensation of 2-acetylpyridine and 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide in ethanol. The Zn(II) complex was obtained from 2:1 (H2L/Zn(OAc)2.2H2O) molar ratio reaction, yielding a neutral compound formulated as [Zn(HL)2]. Elemental analysis, 1H and 13C NMR, conductance measurements and FT-IR spectroscopy were used for the characterization of the ligand and the complex. The complex is non-electrolyte in DMF solution. The structure of the complex was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction study. Two ligand coordinated the Zn(II) ion. Each of the azomethine ligand was coordinated to Zn(II) ion through one azomethine nitrogen atom, one pyridine nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom, yielding an octahedral Zn(II) complex. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with unit cell dimensions a = 8.551 (6) Å, b = 10.948 (5) Å, c = 12.060 (4) Å, a = 91.66 (3)°, b = 100.03 (5)°, g = 109.92 (3)°,  V = 1040.5 (10) Å3, Z = 2, R1 = 0.066 and wR2 = 0.158. The Zn(II) cation in N4S2 inner is situated in a distorted octahedral environment.
Comparative Analysis of Wide-band Tracheids and Equisetum Sporangial Lining Cells: Similar Only in Function and Not by Evolutionary Origins
Authors: V. Landrum, James
Published: November 2024

Wide-band tracheids are unique to several related succulent families (Aizoaceae, Cactaceae, and Portulacaceae) and serve as either the primary water conducting cells (as in stems of most cacti and in the genus Anacampseros [Portulacaceae] and in leaves in species of both Aizoaceae and Portulacaceae). Wide-band tracheids are characterized by their wide secondary walls that resist hydrogen-bonding collapses under water stress events.  In the horsetail genus Equisetum, similar cells line the sporangia (sporangial lining cells or SLCs) in the cone-like reproductive structure but are not found anywhere else in the xylem.
The question examined here was that of function—do these cells in Equisetum sporangia function in a similar manner (i.e., not collapsing under stress), or is this a question of completely different functions resulting in a physical similarity?  In other words, is this similarity a simple tweaking of existing cells, or two independent evolutionary events that result in a similar cell type?  Analysis of the dimensions, cell wall characteristics, and locations argue for an independent evolutionary origin of wide-band tracheids in comparison to the cells that line the sporangia of Equisetum.
Biological Interactions and Management Strategies for the Cotton Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): A Review
Authors: Kumari Pooja , Jarpla Mounika , Reddy N. Aswathanarayana , Sarangi Satyabrata , Rajkumari  , E Vasanthan , Naveenkumar M. , M Asvitha
Published: November 2024

Helicoverp aarmigera, a polyphagous and highly adaptable pest, poses a significant threat to global agriculture, particularly in cotton, maize, chickpea, and tomato crops. Its extensive host range, high fecundity, and rapid development of resistance to insecticides necessitate an integrated approach for effective management. The current knowledge on the biological interactions and management strategies for H. armigera, emphasizing the importance of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). IPM combines biological control agents, such as predators, parasitoids, and microbial biocontrols like Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and Beauveria bassiana, with cultural practices, including crop rotation and intercropping, to disrupt the pest’s life cycle. The adoption of genetically modified Bt cotton has revolutionized pest control by providing season-long protection, though its sustainability depends on resistance management strategies like refuge planting and gene stacking. Advances in precision agriculture, including remote sensing and AI-driven decision support systems, enhance pest monitoring and timely interventions. The use of drones and autonomous systems for targeted pesticide application minimizes environmental impact while ensuring effective control. Biopesticides and entomopathogenic nematodes offer sustainable alternatives to chemical insecticides, addressing the growing concern of resistance and environmental safety. The review highlights the critical role of community and farmer involvement in IPM adoption, supported by education, field demonstrations, and policy frameworks that promote sustainable practices. Future includes the use of gene-editing technologies like CRISPR for developing resistant crops and further integration of digital tools for real-time pest management. Addressing the challenge of H. armigera requires a collaborative effort between researchers, policymakers, and farmers to implement scientifically sound, economically viable, and environmentally friendly solutions. This holistic approach not only ensures the long-term control of H. armigera but also contributes to the resilience and productivity of agro-ecosystems in the face of evolving agricultural challenges.
Study of Antibiotic Sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Women with Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Ahmed Zahraa Ayid
Published: November 2024

UTIs, or urinary tract infections, are among the most prevalent infections in the world. It is estimated that 7% to 10% of UTIs are caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiotic resistance levels in P. aeruginosa isolates from UTIs are often greater than in E. coli isolates. So, the current study aimed to test the antibiotic sensitivity to P. aeruginosa isolated from patients with urinary tract infection. Clinical samples (95) were collected from Kirkuk Hospital in Kirkuk city for the period from May to August 2024 from women who were admitted and hospitalized after consulting the specialist doctor and referring him to the laboratory. The method of collecting samples included the following: Urine samples were taken from women with UTI ranging in age from (5-59 years) of women, after which they were transferred directly to the laboratory to be cultured on the culture media. Of the total samples investigated, 64 (or 67.4%) showed positive findings for P. aeruginosa growth when cultured on the blood agar, cetrimide agar, and MacConkey agar. The isolation rate of P. aeruginosa from women with urinary tract infection was 18.8%. For antibiotic susceptibility test, P. aeruginosa showed 81.8%, 93.8% and 94.9% sensitive toward Gentamycin, Imipenem and Amikacin. On the other hand, P. aeruginosa was completely sensitive (100%) toward Tobramycin. Its concluded that P. aeruginosa is one of the main causes of urinary tract infection in women.
Özel Gereksinimli Kardeşi Olan Tipik Gelişen Çocukların Kardeşlik İlişkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Elumar-efe Elif , Sani-bozkurt Sunagül
Published: November 2024

Çalışmada özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan ve tipik gelişen çocukların kardeşlik ilişkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, fenomenolojik desen ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan 4-8 yaş aralığındaki 18 çocuk ve onların ebeveynleri katılmıştır. Araştırmada çocuklardan alınan veriler resim analizi ve saha notları ile; ebeveynlerden alınan veriler ise yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerle elde edilmiştir. Ebeveynlerle gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler Nvivo12 programı ile analiz edilmiş ve çocuk resimlerini destekleyici veri olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularında, tipik gelişen çocukların özel gereksinimli kardeşlerini kabul ettiklerini ancak kardeş çatışmaları yaşadıkları söylenebilir. Bu çatışmaların ise kardeşler arasında vurma, ısırma gibi davranışlarla kardeş şiddeti olarak yansıdığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca tipik gelişen çocukların, özel gereksinimli kardeşlerini dışladıkları veya kendilerinin dışlandığını düşündükleri elde edilen bir diğer bulgudur. Araştırma sonucunda, kardeşler arasındaki ilişki olumsuz olsa bile özel gereksinimli kardeşin aile bireylerinden biri sayıldığı ve aile dinamiğinin olumlu yönde olmasının kardeşlik ilişkisini doğrudan etkilediği söylenebilir. Ayrıca kardeşler arasındaki şiddet acilen müdahale edilmesi gereken bir konu olarak ele alınmalıdır. Araştırmanın bulgularına dayalı olarak ileri araştırmalara yönelik kardeşler arasındaki şiddeti önlemek ve aile içi nitelikli iletişimi arttırmak amacıyla aile eğitim programı düzenlemek gibi çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.
Öğretmenler için Yapay Zekâ Tutum Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Alan Burcu , Keçeci Gonca , Kırbağ Zengin Fikriye
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin yapay zekâ teknolojisine yönelik tutumlarını belirlemede kullanılabilecek geçerliği ve güvenilirliği sağlanmış bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Kapsam geçerliliğinin belirlenmesi amacıyla ölçek maddeleri alan uzmanları tarafından incelenmiştir. Ayrıca 20 öğretmenle ön uygulama yapılmıştır. Ön uygulamada gerekli değişiklikler yapıldıktan sonra ölçek, yapı geçerliliği ve güvenirlik çalışması için toplam 576 öğretmene uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin KMO değeri .947 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Barlett küresellik sonuçlarına göre ki-kare değeri anlamlı bulunmuştur (X2(630) =9112,901; p
Assessment Of The Quality Of Life Of Burn Patients Admitted In BRD Medical CollegeGorakhpur Using Burn Specific Health Scale- Brief
Authors: Gautam Anand Kumar , Sumpriya Arushi , Nathani Neeraj Kumar , Baranwal Kavita
Published: November 2024

Bacground: Burn injury is one of the most severe traumas a person can experience and a life threatening state in which all of the main integrating systems in the body are affected. Burn injury is the globally occurring health problemleading to high disability, disfigurement & dependency. Objectives: Assessment of Quality of life of burn injury patients. Study design: Longitudinal study Study Settings: Burn & Plastic Surgery ward, Deptt of Surgery, B R D Medical College, Gorakhpur Study Period: March 2024 to October 2024 Result: A total of 48 burn survivors were validated on this scale. It was found to be associated with very poor quality of life. It resulted in a substantial deterioration in quality of life restricting their functions. Patients subjective to Hr- QOL were highly reduced affecting both physical and mental health. Burn survivors had difficulties in performing everyday activities because of high prevalence of pain. This pain affected the general health badly. The QOL was observed to be better among male burn patients. At the time of discharge the mean scores of QOL was maximum in the domain ‘Hand function’ and minimum in ‘Work’ (among males) and ‘Body image’ (among females). After one month of discharge the mean scores were found to be maximum in the domain ‘Affect’ and minimum in the domain ‘Body image’. After three months of discharge the mean scores were found to be maximum in the domain ‘Interpersonal relationship’ and minimum in the domain ‘Body image’. The QOL was observed to be better among the age group of 20-40 years of age followed by more than 40 years of age and minimum among patients less than 20 years of age. The QOL was observed to be better among married burn patients. At the time of discharge the mean scores of QOL was maximum in the domain ‘Hand function’ and minimum in ‘Sexuality’ (among married) and ‘Body image’ (among unmarried). After one month of discharge the mean scores were found to be maximum in the domain ‘Affect’ and minimum in the domain ‘Work’. After three months of discharge the mean scores were found to be maximum in the domain ‘Interpersonal relationship’ and minimum in the domain ‘Body image’
Awareness Of Non-Communicable Diseases In Rural And Urban Communities Around Guntur City Of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Indu Katumala , Rao Nallapu Samson Sanjeeva
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The important modifiable behavioural risk factors for NCDs are tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and harmful use of alcohol. To reduce the burden of NCDs there is a need for awareness of the above, behavioural change and knowledge for early healthcare seeking. This study is set to identify and compare the awareness of NCDs in rural and urban adults. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving a convenient sample of 100 adults each (aged between 30 to 45 years) attending the Rural Health Center and Urban Health Center of a medical college. Using a predetermined questionnaire, an overall awareness score was obtained for each participant. Findings were subjected to tests of significance like chi square and t test at 5% Level of Significance. Results: The mean knowledge score regarding NCDs in the rural members was 4.06 and that of the urban members was 6.66 (t statistic – 12.68, p value < 0.00001). While health care utilisation in urban areas was 58.3% in private sector and 41.7% in public sector, in rural areas it was 100 % in private sector. Medical and Govt. health personnel as sources of information was found to be very limited. Discussion: Significant differences in both knowledge and awareness between rural and urban participants are noted. Better lifestyle practices are also based on place of residence. Conclusion: As urban / rural divide in India is being bridged rapidly, NCD risks are becoming equal. Awareness and behaviour change are important aspects of any NCD control programme
Internal Ohmic Resistance in Alkaline Battery
Authors: Muñoz Manuel Águila , Baza Yoram Astudillo , Gonzaga Mercedes Lázaro
Published: November 2024

The experimental procedure to determine the magnitude of the internal ohmic resistance of a 1.5 V alkaline battery (ROIP) is documented, and the expanded uncertainty associated with the measurement procedure is calculated. The ROIP is determined using an indirect measurement method, which considers the implementation of the numerical method of least squares of first order, which achieves the linearization of a curve. The procedure was applied to three specimens of the same brand, model and type, for which the numerical and graphical results obtained are shown
Analysis Of Nutritional Quality And Processing Characteristics Of High-Quality Strong Gluten Wheat Flour
Authors: Hao Fei , Liu Tao , Zhang Zhuoyuan , Qiu Denglin
Published: November 2024

The nutritional quality and processing quality of high-quality strong gluten wheat flour were analyzed in this study. In terms of nutritional quality, the contents of wet gluten, protein, starch, and ash were determined, and the frequency distribution was mostly normal, and the sedimentation value was skewed. The peak viscosity and recovery value in the pasting characteristics are normally distributed, the pasting temperature is bimodal distribution, the water absorption rate in the silty characteristics is normal distribution, the weakening degree, dough formation time and consistency are skewed distribution, and the stabilization time has a special shape. The maximum resistance, 50 mm resistance, and elongation showed a skewed distribution. Different varieties of wheat flour showed differences in each index
Bird Hazard Management At Zambian Airports: A Critical Analysis Of Current Practices And Future Directions
Authors: Musonda Kabaso Emmanuel , Joe Kamalata Chipotu , Zingapeta Emmanuel , Njovu Elaston
Published: November 2024

Bird strikes pose a significant threat to aviation safety in Zambia. This study employed a multi-method approach to investigate challenges faced by Zambian airports and explore solutions for mitigating bird hazard risks. The research reviewed existing literature on bird strike prevention, conducted interviews with airport personnel and wildlife management authorities, analyzed data on past bird strike incidents, and conducted physical observations of bird activity and habitat features around airports. The findings revealed a lack of dedicated wildlife management programs and staff knowledge at Zambian airports, creating vulnerabilities to bird activity. Factors attracting birds included improper waste disposal, insects near short-cut grass areas, proximity to national parks, and compromised perimeter security. The study identified positive correlations between strong government policies, improved waste management practices, and effective bird hazard management (BHM) strategies. While further investigation is needed regarding the effectiveness of technological deterrents, this research suggests their potential as complementary tools alongside established methods. Overall, the study emphasizes the need for a multi-faceted BHM strategy in Zambia, focusing on improved wildlife management plans, enhanced waste management practices, and better communication among stakeholders for a safer aviation environment
Tecnologias Na Educação E O Potencial Da Inteligência Artificial (IA) Aplicada À Gestão Escolar
Authors: Wagner Adriano Franzoni , Ribeiro Steve Biko Menezes Hora Alves , Araujo Marcus Vinicius Neves , Júnior José Rodrigues De Oliveira , Oliveira Jonatas Sena
Published: November 2024

A pesquisa teve como objetivo explorar a aplicação da inteligência artificial na gestão escolar, investigando as percepções de professores sobre seu potencial para aprimorar a eficiência administrativa e personalizar o ensino. Adotou-se uma metodologia qualitativa, com uma amostra composta por quinze docentes selecionados por conveniência, sendo os dados coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade e analisados pela técnica da análise do discurso. Os resultados revelaram que, embora a maioria dos professores veja a IA como uma ferramenta promissora para facilitar o monitoramento do desempenho dos alunos e otimizar processos administrativos, também expressaram preocupações relacionadas à confiabilidade dos algoritmos, à privacidade dos dados, à necessidade de capacitação docente e às implicações éticas de sua implementação. A conclusão enfatiza que, para a IA se tornar uma aliada efetiva na educação, é crucial que sua integração seja realizada de maneira ética, respeitando os direitos dos alunos e promovendo a formação contínua dos educadores, de modo a garantir que a tecnologia enriqueça a experiência de aprendizagem sem substituir o papel essencial do professor
Removal Of Phenolic Compounds From Aqueous Media Using Triethylamine Anchored Rice Husks
Authors: Serah Kuria M. , Mwangi Isaac W. , Njoroge Peter W.
Published: November 2024

Phenolic compounds in water are contaminants of concern even at low concentrations. They get incorporated in water from various sources such as industrial, mining and natural sources. Natural sources of phenolic compounds are plant saplings and aquatic plants such as green and red marine algae. This makes these compounds readily available from both natural and industrial sources to pollute the water. Phenolic compounds take long to diminish and are carcinogenic. Phenolic compounds in water affects its taste and oduor of the vital products. They equally affect the taste and odour of marine organisms in that water as well as the animals that consume it. To minimize the negative effects from these pollutants, their elimination is the only option. This paper gives an account on the preparation and modification of rice husks with triethylamine and how it is used on the elimination of phenolic compounds from water by adsorption. Modification was carried out by chlorinating and anchoring with an amino group on the rice husks to form a quaternary ammonium compound. The existence of the functional groups that performed as the binding sites was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis. The anchoring of the amino group was confirmed by the occurrence of a signal at 3424.67cm-1. The carbon skeleton of the modified product resembled that of cellulose by solid-state 13C NMR. Change ofresonance frequenciesin the modified material confirmed the chlorination and subsequent the anchoring of ethylene diamine within the cellulose structure. Scanning electron microscopy analysis displayed an increase in the porosity of the modified material as related to the parent material. The material was then applied for sorption experiments and it was confirmed that the optimum pH was of 5.5 for all the phenolic compounds under study. There was over 90% phenolic compounds uptake in the first 2 min of contact time. The adsorption followed the Langmuir monolayer adsorption model with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9895 for Naphthol. The elimination of Naphthol with modified rice husks gave the best adsorption capacity of 0.6125 mg/g. Thus modified rice husks is an effective adsorbent material for eradication of phenolic substances originating from unsafe drinking water
A risk score model for the prediction of osteosarcoma metastasis
Authors: Dong Siqi , Huo Hongjun , Mao Yu , Li Xin , Dong Lixin
Published: January 2019

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary solid malignancy of the bone, and its high mortality usually correlates with early metastasis. In this study, we developed a risk score model to help predict metastasis at the time of diagnosis. We downloaded and mined four expression profile datasets associated with osteosarcoma metastasis from the Gene Expression Omnibus. After data normalization, we performed LASSO logistic regression analysis together with 10‐fold cross validation using the GSE21257 dataset. A combination of eight genes (RAB1, CLEC3B, FCGBP, RNASE3, MDL1, ALOX5AP, VMO1 and ALPK3) were identified as being associated with osteosarcoma metastasis. These genes were put into a gene risk score model, and the prediction efficiency of the model was then validated using three independent datasets (GSE33383, GSE66673, and GSE49003) by plotting receiver operating characteristic curves. The expression levels of the eight genes in all datasets were shown as heatmaps, and gene ontology gene annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were performed. These eight genes play a role in cancer‐related biological processes, such as apoptosis and biosynthetic processes. Our results may aid in elucidating the possible mechanisms of osteosarcoma metastasis, and may help to facilitate the individual management of patients with osteosarcoma after treatment.
rt‐PA with remote ischemic postconditioning for acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Che Ruiwen , Zhao Wenbo , Ma Qingfeng , Jiang Fang , Wu Longfei , Yu Zhipeng , Zhang Qian , Dong Kai , Song Haiqing , Huang Xiaoqin , Ji Xunming
Published: January 2019

Objective

To investigate the feasibility and safety of remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPC) in acute ischemic stroke patients after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt‐PA) thrombolysis (IVT).

Methods

We performed a pilot randomized trial involving acute ischemic stroke patients with IVT. The patients were randomized 1:1 to receive RIPC or standard medical therapy. In the RIPC group, the participants underwent instant RIPC within 2 h of IVT, followed by repeated RIPC therapy for 7 days. The feasibility end point was the completion of RIPC and time from the first RIPC to finishing IVT in the RIPC group. The safety end point included tissue and neurovascular injury resulting from RIPC, changes in vital signs, level of plasma myoglobin, any hemorrhagic transformation, and other adverse events.

Results

Thirty patients (15 RIPC and 15 Control) were recruited after IVT. The mean age was 65.7 ± 10.2 years, with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 6.5 (4.0–10.0). The completion rate for RIPC was 97.0%. The mean time from first RIPC to completing IVT was 66.0 (25.0–75.0) min in the RIPC group. One case of hemorrhagic transformation was observed in the RIPC group. No significant difference was found in the level of myoglobin between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Interpretation

RIPC is effective and safe for AIS patients after intravenous rt‐PA thrombolysis.
The Employment of Sodium Hydride as a Michael Donor in Palladium‐catalyzed Reductions of α, β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Liu Ye , Mao Yujian , Hu Yanwei , Gui Jingjing , Wang Liang , Wang Wei , Zhang Shilei
Published: January 2019

Sodium hydride was employed as a Michael donor under the catalysis of PdCl2 for 1,4‐conjugate reductions of α, β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds, which features operational simplicity, mild conditions and high atom‐economy. The merits of NaH as a reductant were demonstrated by the one‐pot or cascade reactions for the syntheses of complex molecules.

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Exploring Diurnal Cortisol Rhythms of Kindergarten Teachers in Kosovo and Ukraine
Authors: von Suchodoletz Antje , Rojas Natalia M. , Nadyukova Iryna , Larsen Ross A. A. , Uka Fitim
Published: January 2019

Teachers’ stress is a dynamic combination of the individual teacher's characteristics and characteristics of the classroom and school environment. To date, there are limited studies on teachers’ stress in the context of lower‐middle‐income countries (LMICs), where working conditions as well as general political and economic circumstances might pose a considerable threat for teachers’ well‐being. This study explores whether certain combinations of individual and environmental experiences of teachers in LMICs may result in stress, assessed as patterns of diurnal cortisol rhythm. Participants were kindergarten teachers in Kosovo and Ukraine, two LMICs in Europe. Latent Profile Analysis identified three subgroups of teachers that significantly differed on teachers’ education and experience. Preliminary results of Latent Growth Modeling suggested differences between profiles in baseline waking cortisol and patterns of diurnal decline. Teachers in the profile that was characterized by the longest experience working in the field but the lowest level of education showed blunted cortisol in the morning and a flatter slope; a pattern that could indicate a maladaptive cortisol response. Future directions for studying stress processes among teachers in LMICs and implications for policy and practice on how to support teacher well‐being in low‐resource contexts are discussed.
Chiral Lithium Amido Aryl Zincates: Simple and Efficient Chemo‐ and Enantio‐Selective Aryl Transfer Reagents
Authors: Chaumont‐Olive Pauline , Rouen Mathieu , Barozzino‐Consiglio Gabriella , Ben Abdeladhim Amel , Maddaluno Jacques , Harrison‐Marchand Anne
Published: January 2019

An enantioselective aryl transfer is promoted using chiral tricoordinated lithium amido aryl zincates that are easily accessible reagents and whose chiral appendage is simply recovered for reuse. The arylation reaction is run in good yields (60 % average on twenty substrates) and high enantiomeric excesses (95 % ee average). This occurs whatever the ortho, meta, or para substituent borne by the substrate and a complete chemoselectivity is observed with respect to the aldehyde function. Sensitive groups such as nitriles, esters, ketones, and enolisable substrates resist to the action of the ate reagent, warranting a large scope to this methodology.
Rivalry under Pressure: The Coexistence of Ambient‐Pressure Motifs and Close‐Packing in Silicon Phosphorus Nitride Imide SiP2N4NH
Authors: Vogel Sebastian , Buda Amalina T. , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: January 2019

Non‐metal nitrides such as BN, Si3N4, and P3N5 meet numerous demands on high‐performance materials, and their high‐pressure polymorphs exhibit outstanding mechanical properties. Herein, we present the silicon phosphorus nitride imide SiP2N4NH featuring sixfold coordinated Si. Using the multi‐anvil technique, SiP2N4NH was obtained by high‐pressure high‐temperature synthesis at 8 GPa and 1100 °C with in situ formed HCl acting as a mineralizer. Its structure was elucidated by a combination of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and solid‐state NMR measurements. Moreover, SiP2N4NH was characterized by energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and (temperature‐dependent) powder X‐ray diffraction. The highly condensed Si/P/N framework features PN4 tetrahedra as well as the rare motif of SiN6 octahedra, and is discussed in the context of ambient‐pressure motifs competing with close‐packing of nitride anions, representing a missing link in the high‐pressure chemistry of non‐metal nitrides.
Efficient Pictet–Spengler Bioconjugation with N‐Substituted Pyrrolyl Alanine Derivatives
Authors: Pomplun Sebastian , Mohamed Mohamed Y. H. , Oelschlaegel Tobias , Wellner Christian , Bergmann Frank
Published: January 2019

We discovered N‐pyrrolyl alanine derivatives as efficient reagents for the fast and selective Pictet–Spengler reaction with aldehyde‐containing biomolecules. Other aldehyde‐labeling methods described so far have several drawbacks, like hydrolytic instability, slow reaction kinetics or not readily available labeling reagents. Pictet–Spengler cyclizations of pyrrolyl 2‐ethylamine substituted at the pyrrole nitrogen are significantly faster than with analogues substituted at the α‐ and β‐ position. Functionalized N‐pyrrolyl alanine derivatives can be synthesized in only 2–3 steps from commercially available materials. The small size of the reagent, the high reaction rate, and the easy synthesis make pyrrolyl alanine Pictet–Spengler (PAPS) an attractive choice for bioconjugation reactions. PAPS was shown as an efficient strategy for the site‐selective biotinylation of an antibody as well as for the condensation of nucleic‐acid derivatives, demonstrating the versatility of this reagent.
Physicomechanical and antimicrobial characteristics of hydrogel based on poly(vinyl alcohol): Performance improvement via inclusion of chitosan‐modified nanoclay
Authors: Entezam Mehdi , Ehghaghiyan Ashkan , Sedeh Negar Naghdi , Jafari Seyed Hassan , Khonakdar Hossein Ali
Published: January 2019

The effect of a chitosan‐modified nanoclay (CMNC) on the physical, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels prepared by the electron beam irradiation method is reported in comparison with pristine nanoclay (PNC). The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) results confirm that the chitosan modification process of nanoclay led to an enhancement in the clay gallery spacing. The inclusion of nanoclays in the PVA matrix decreased the gel content while it increased the swelling degree of the hydrogels. Both PNC and CMNC played a role, depending on their amounts, in swelling of the hydrogel. The swelling kinetic studies revealed a diffusion‐controlled swelling process. The diffusion coefficient of water molecules in hydrogels was decreased in the presence of PNC, while it increased with CMNC. Rheological investigations verified the influential role of nanoclays in decreasing the chemical crosslink density of the hydrogel. CMNC exhibited a higher reinforcing effect on hydrogel mechanical properties than PNC did, although the rheological analysis, in agreement with the XRD results, indicated a better dispersion of PNC in the PVA matrix. According to the antimicrobial tests, perfect inhibition of bacteria growth was obtained only for the hydrogels with CMNC. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47444.