bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biological Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Greenhouse Lettuce Using Trichoderma koningiopsis Agg
Authors: Topolovec-Pintarić Snježana , Kovaček Ana Maria , Malev Olga , Kušan Ivana , Matočec Neven , Pošta Ana , Pole Lucia , Mešić Armin
Published: January 2025

The lettuce drop or white mold is an economically important disease as the causal fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can infect the lettuce at any stage of plant development. Polyphagous nature of S. sclerotiorum, the longevity of soil-borne sclerotia and air-borne ascospores makes the control difficult. Chemical fungicides are available only for foliar application against infections by ascospores so, the development of bio-control is of great importance. We tested antagonism of native isolate T. koningiopsis agg. (Hypocreales) (STP8) under laboratory and greenhouse environments. In vitro tests showed excellent STP8 antagonisms to S. sclerotiorum evidencing hyperparasitic activity on mycelia and sclerotia as well as antibiosis. The sclerotia were completely degraded after two months. In the greenhouse, infection of lettuce with S. sclerotiorum was reduced by treating the seedlings with an STP8 spore suspension. Uninfected plants treated with STP8 were of the best quality based on morphological parameters, confirming the ability of STP8 to promote lettuce growth. Even the infected lettuce treated with STP8 were healthier and in better condition than the control lettuce, suggesting that STP8 was also enhancing plant defense system.
Atomic Pathways of Crystal-to-Crystal Transitions and Electronic Origins of Resistive Switching in MnTe for Ultralow-Power Memory
Authors: Wu Rui , Chen Nian-Ke , Ma Ming-Yu , Wang Bai-Qian , Huang Yu-Ting , Zhang Bin , Li Xian-Bin
Published: January 2025

In conventional phase change memory (PCM) technology, the melting process required to create an amorphous state typically results in extremely high power consumption. Recently, a new type of PCM device based on a melting-free crystal-to-crystal phase transition in MnTe has been developed, offering a potential solution to the problem. However, the electronic and atomic mechanisms underlying this transition remain unclear. In this work, by first-principles calculations, the resistance contrast is attributed to the differences in hole effective mass and vacancy formation energy of the two phases. Moreover, two phase transition pathways of the α-MnTe-to-β-MnTe transition, namely, the ‘slide-and-stand-up’ transitions, are identified based on coherent atomic movements. The energy barriers for the two pathways are 0.17 eV per formula unit (f.u.) and 0.38 eV/f.u., respectively. Furthermore, the energy barriers can be reduced to 0.10 eV/f.u. and 0.26 eV/f.u. via c-axis tensile strains, which makes the phase transition easier. The current result provides new insights into the non-melting phase transition process in MnTe, facilitating the development of low-power PCM technology.
Health and Economic Impacts of Increased Brown Rice Consumption on Type 2 Diabetes in Japan: A Simulation Study, 2019–2029
Authors: Ikeda Nayu , Yamaguchi Miwa , Nishi Nobuo
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Whole grain consumption is recognized as a key component of healthy diets, offering protection against non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, in Japan, whole grain intake remains low, with brown rice—a traditional whole grain—underutilized despite its demonstrated health benefits. This study aimed to explore the health and economic impacts of increasing brown rice consumption among Japanese adults aged 40–79 years. Methods: Using a discrete-time Markov cohort macro-simulation model, we projected the effects of replacing 30% and 80% of mean white rice consumption with brown rice over 10 years. Input parameters were based on published epidemiological data and national healthcare expenditures. Key outcomes included cumulative T2D incidence, all-cause mortality, and associated healthcare costs. Results: Increasing brown rice consumption could prevent 1.3–3.4% of new T2D cases, avert 0.01–0.02% of all-cause deaths, and save from USD 31.3 million to USD 80.5 million in healthcare costs. Sensitivity analyses revealed that the relative risk of T2D associated with brown rice intake had the greatest influence on variabilities in projected cost savings. Conclusions: Although the projected reductions in T2D and healthcare costs were modest, the findings highlight the potential of increased brown rice consumption to alleviate the economic and public health burden of T2D in Japan. Incorporating brown rice into dietary patterns may support multidisciplinary lifestyle approaches for T2D prevention. Further research is warranted to explore long-term care costs for the management of complications and the benefits of other whole grains in the Japanese diet.
The Immunomodulatory Activity of High Doses of Vitamin D in Critical Care Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gonçalves Ana Moura , Velho Sónia , Rodrigues Bárbara , Antunes Maria Lobo , Cardoso Miguel , Godinho-Santos Ana , Gonçalves João , Marinho António
Published: January 2025

Vitamin D receptor [VDR] expression promotes LL37 expression, possibly contributing to host defense. The hypothesis was that an increase in 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25vitD] could lead to enhanced VDR expression and increased LL-37 production, thereby contributing to improved prognosis in critically ill patients. Methods: A nonblinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 207 patients admitted to ICU with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia were included and received different doses of cholecalciferol (500 MU, 3 MU/day, no cholecalciferol) during their ICU and hospital stay. 25vitD levels as well as LL37 and monocytes’ VDR gene expression were evaluated on admission and after. Clinical evolution, ICU mortality, hospital mortality, and 60-day mortality were evaluated. Results: The median age was 57.7 years and the majority of patients were Caucasian [87.4%] and male [70.5%]. There was a significant difference in 25vitD levels between groups on the third [p = 0.002] and seventh [p < 0.001] days. Patients supplemented with 500 MU of cholecalciferol had a very significant increase in monocytes’ VDR gene expression and showed a better clinical evolution in the ICU, with a significant correlation to evolution factors. Higher LL37 on admission had a significant negative association with hospital and ICU mortality, lost after adjustment for comorbidities to a nearly significant association with ICU, hospital, and 60-day mortality. Conclusion: Supplementation with higher doses of cholecalciferol may contribute to a significant increase in 25vitD levels but not in LL37 levels. Higher LL37 levels on admission may be related to a decrease in ICU, hospital, and 60-day mortality. VDR gene expression in monocytes is much higher in patients supplemented with higher doses of cholecalciferol.
Environmentally Friendly Photoluminescent Coatings for Corrosion Sensing
Authors: Tubio Carmen R. , Garea Laura , Cruz Bárbara D. D. , Correia Daniela M. , de Zea Bermudez Verónica , Lanceros-Mendez Senentxu
Published: January 2025

Although an increasing number of studies are being devoted to the field of corrosion, with topics from protection to sensing strategies, there is still a lack of research based on environmentally eco-friendly materials, which is essential in the transition to sustainable technologies. Herein, environmentally friendly composites, based on photoluminescent salts dispersed in vegetable oil-based resins, are prepared and investigated as corrosion sensing coatings. Two salts NaA, where A- is a lanthanide complex anion (with Ln = Nd3+, and Yb3+), are incorporated into the resins as active functional fillers and different coatings are prepared on carbon steel substrates to assess their functional properties. The influence exerted by a corrosive saline solution on the morphology, structural, and photoluminescent properties of the coatings is evaluated, and their suitability for the practical detection of the early corrosion of coated carbon steel is demonstrated. The photoluminescence of the composite coatings depends on the corrosion time, with the effect being more important for the coatings doped with Nd3+. The present work shows that the composites obtained are suitable candidates for corrosion sensing coating applications, offering improved sustainability.
Sustainable Production of Coffee Husk Pellets: Applying Circular Economy in Waste Management and Renewable Energy Production
Authors: Carneiro Angélica de Cassia Oliveira , Zanuncio Antonio José Vinha , Carvalho Amélia Guimarães , Jorge Júlia Almeida Cunha Guimarães , dos Santos Raquel Julia Cipriano , Demuner Iara Fontes , Peres Letícia Costa , Winter Shoraia Germani , de Castro Vinícius Resende , Branco-Vieira Monique , Araújo Solange de Oliveira
Published: January 2025

Improper waste disposal is one of the leading causes of environmental pollution, impacting soil, water, and air quality. In coffee plantations, each kilogram of beans produced generates an equal amount of husk, emphasizing the urgent need for sustainable practices to process this residual biomass into valued products. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of coffee husks for pellet production. Three coffee husk types were selected with distinct chemical compositions and granulometries: I (>5.3 mm), II (>2.6 mm and <5.3 mm), and III (<1.77 mm). The biomass was characterized for elemental, structural, and proximate composition. Pellets were produced with two knife heights (15 and 20 mm) and assessed for moisture content, density, length, and mechanical resistance, which were compared with the EN 14691-6 standard (DIN, 2012). Pelletizer productivity was also evaluated. Pellets from biomass III had an ash content of 12.09%, exceeding the <10% requirement. Other treatments met the ash content standard, category B. Pellets from biomass I (17.55%) and II (18.1%) at 15 mm length did not meet the <15% moisture content standard. The remaining pellets met category B standards. Only pellets from origin III (1.62%) met the nitrogen content requirement for international trade (<2%). Pelletizer productivity was higher with smaller granulometry biomass. Coffee husk has demonstrated its potential for pellet production, highlighting the valorization and use of this waste for clean energy generation, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions mitigation, and strengthening circular economy.
Progress and Challenges in HIV-1 Vaccine Research: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Boomgarden Alex C. , Upadhyay Chitra
Published: January 2025

The development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine remains a formidable challenge in biomedical research. Despite significant advancements in our understanding of HIV biology and pathogenesis, progress has been impeded by factors such as the virus's genetic diversity, high mutation rates, and its ability to establish latent reservoirs. Recent innovative approaches, including mosaic vaccines and mRNA technology to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies, have shown promise. However, the efficacy of these vaccines has been modest, with the best results achieving approximately 30% effectiveness. Ongoing research emphasizes the necessity of a multifaceted strategy to overcome these obstacles and achieve a breakthrough in HIV-1 vaccine development. This review summarizes current approaches utilized to further understand HIV-1 biology and to create a global vaccine. We discuss the impact of these approaches on vaccine development for other diseases, including COVID-19, influenza, and Zika virus. Additionally, we highlight the specific limitations faced with each approach and present the methods researchers employ to overcome these challenges. These innovative techniques, which have demonstrated preclinical and clinical success, have advanced the field closer to the ultimate goal of developing a global HIV-1 vaccine. Leveraging these advancements will enable significant strides in combating HIV-1 and other infectious diseases, ultimately improving global health outcomes.
Microplastic Pollution in Sewage Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Plants and Estimation of Microplastic Release
Authors: Cho Soo-Jin , Choi Ja-Hyung , Yoon Young-Sam , Um Nam-Il
Published: January 2025

International efforts are being made to reduce environmental pollution caused by microplastics (MPs). Microplastics are released into the environment through sewage treatment sludge, and the use of sludge as a soil improvement agent is increasing rapidly, emphasising the importance of controlling microplastics in sewage treatment facilities. The release of microplastics into the environment is an increasingly significant concern, with sources including sewage treatment sludge. This study focuses on the analysis of microplastics in sewage sludge using optical (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR) and thermal (Thermo Extraction Desorption–Gas Chromatograph–Mass Spectroscopy, TED-GC-MS) processing-based analytical equipment. The average amount of MPs in the sewage sludge analysed using FTIR was 228.5 microplastics/g of sludge (MPs/g), primarily of the polypropylene type. Approximately 75% of the MPs were 0.1 mm in size or smaller. However, the average amount of MPs in the sewage sludge determined using TED-GC-MS was 95.79 µg-MPs/g. For the systematic management of microplastics, it is important to estimate the amount of microplastics generated by sewage treatment plants. Therefore, a microplastic generation calculation formula was proposed and used to estimate the potential microplastic generation in sewage treatment plants. The total amount of MPs generated from sewage treatment plants in South Korea, calculated using the equation, was approximately 364 ton/yr; we further divided the total amount by administrative regions. The findings of this study can be applied to assess global trends in MP research.
SWAT-Based Characterization of Agricultural Area-Source Pollution in a Small Basin
Authors: Liu Xinhao , Yang Liying , Liu Luolin , Fu Weizhang , Wu Chunhui
Published: January 2025

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied to investigate agricultural non-point source pollution in the Shitun River Basin (54.87 km2), China, where intensive agriculture dominates. This study analyzed spatiotemporal pollutant distribution from January 2021 to September 2023 and identified key pollution sources. The basin was divided into 46 sub-basins and 268 hydrological response units (HRUs). Model calibration and validation using runoff, total phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen data demonstrated high accuracy (R2 ≥ 0.6, Ens ≥ 0.5), confirming its applicability for area-source pollution assessment in agricultural regions. Agricultural area-source pollution was particularly concentrated from June to October, aligning with the high-flow period. Conversely, pollution levels saw a significant reduction during the medium- and low-flow periods. Severe pollution was mainly observed along the river and in the eastern part of the basin. By means of unit area load index method and Jenks natural fracture point method, it was determined that the key source areas of surface source pollution are mainly distributed in the upper reaches of the basin. The results can provide an adjusting basis and a theoretical basis for the control of agricultural surface source pollution in the watershed.
The Effects of Single and Combined Exposure to Polystyrene Nanoplastics and Copper on the Behavior of Adult Zebrafish
Authors: Dai Jing , Song Bei , Sha Ruyi , Wang Zhenzhen , Mao Jianwei
Published: January 2025

Different pollutants often coexist in natural environments, making it crucial to monitor and study the ecotoxicological effects of composite pollutants in aquatic environments. Nanoplastics and heavy metals are emerging environmental pollutants that can affect the health of aquatic organisms and threaten human health via the food chain. In this study, zebrafish was employed as a model organism to explore the effects of short-term exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) and heavy metal copper ions (Cu2+) either individually or in combination on fish behavior. First, the single and combined toxicity of Cu2+ and PS-NPs to adult zebrafish was investigated to obtain the LC50 values of the two pollutants at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Then, the effects of sub-lethal concentrations of Cu2+ (0.06, 0.15, and 0.3 mg/L), PS-NPs (5, 10, and 15 mg/L) and binary mixtures containing Cu2+ and PS-NPs (0.06 mg/L + 10 mg/L, 0.15 mg/L + 10 mg/L, and 0.3 mg/L + 10 mg/L) on the swim speed and individual distance of zebrafish within 4 h were studied. The results show that the LC50 value for single exposure of zebrafish to Cu2+ decreased with the increase in the exposure time, while PS-NPs showed no significant acute toxicity to zebrafish when the concentration was less than 20 mg/L and the exposure time was less than 96 h. The combined exposure of zebrafish to Cu2+ and PS-NPs resulted in a 3.1–32.2% reduction in the LC50 value at different time points compared with Cu2+ alone. In the behavioral study, both single and combined exposure to Cu2+ and PS-NPs induced hyperactivity and aggregation phenomena in the zebrafish at different levels; the duration of these two phenomena was correlated with the concentration of the pollutants. The combined exposure to Cu2+ and PS-NPs exacerbated the behavioral changes in zebrafish compared with exposure to Cu2+ alone, reducing their hyperactivity time, average swim speed and aggregation time by 30.7–41.0%, 13.6–15.4%, and 28.3–28.8%, respectively. Therefore, this study indicates that the combined short-term exposure to PS-NPs and Cu2+ can exacerbate the toxicity of pollutants, and also proves the feasibility for early warning of combined NPs and heavy metals pollution based on adult zebrafish behavioral indicators.
The Impact of Estimated Depreciation of Infrastructure Assets on Sales Profitability
Authors: Vitkova Eva , Korytarova Jana , Kocourkova Gabriela
Published: January 2025

Acquired long-term tangible assets of water management companies generate depreciation costs during operation. The cost item naturally reduces the profit/loss and income tax deduction and, at the same time, creates financial space for the future restoration of this property, reinvestment by being able to include it in the unit price of water and/or sewerage charge rates if certain rules are met. On the basis of these legislative rules, it follows that property financed by subsidies cannot be depreciated in this way, i.e., cannot generate funds for future reinvestment. The contribution aims to present a methodical procedure for deciding on a strategy for the development of the profit/loss of enterprises when “predicted” (modeled) depreciation of fixed assets acquired from subsidies is included in the model, with a focus on the indicator of financial performance—profitability of sales. Basic methods and selected indicators from ratio indicator methods used in financial analysis were used in the methodical procedure. The methodological procedure, which was developed on the basis of a case study as part of a research report for a selected water management enterprise, was further implemented and verified on a sample of water management enterprises, which have almost a 50% share in the value of all assets in the form of infrastructure assets in the Czech Republic. The output of the article is the fact that when “predicted” (modeled) depreciation is included in the profit/loss, the profitability of sales decreases. The study shows that there is up to a 15% change in the profitability of sales. The contribution of the article is a proven methodological procedure that takes into account the generation of profit/loss with regard to the necessary reinvestment of assets acquired with subsidies. This strategy can generally be used by all companies that acquire assets from public subsidy sources.
Abordaje dermatofuncional fisioterapéutico por medio de agentes electrofísicos y alta frecuencia en úlceras por presión, reporte de un caso
Authors: Umaña-Trejos Yeison Antonio
Published: January 2025

En este artículo se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 86 años con una úlcera por presión en la región sacra. La utilización de estímulos electromagnéticos ha demostrado su utilidad en el manejo de cualquier lesión cutánea, debido a que el efecto de su estimulo genera una liberación de fibroblastos y macrófagos en las zonas afectadas, permitiendo de manera eficaz la bioelectricidad endógena, la cual es un factor esencial en el proceso de curación. Se aplicaron modalidades tanto eléctricas como alta frecuencia de uso dermatofuncional favoreciendo la recuperación del paciente. Concluimos que los agentes electrofísicos son recursos idóneos para facilitar el proceso endógeno y la reparación tisular. La correcta evaluación de la herida como el razonamiento clínico son primordiales desde el primer día de tratamiento, la constante evaluación es primordial para la dosificación correcta de los agentes utilizados debido a que no existen protocolos establecidos para este tipo de lesión.
Philosophy in the context of a narrative crisis
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Еzhova O. A.
Published: January 2025

The transformation of the meaningful aspect of philosophical knowledge leads to postmodernism's understanding of the crisis of metanarrations, which led to the crisis of metaphysics, which has lost its meaning and is comprehended through the crisis of narration. The crisis of metanarrations is revealed in the context of the deconstruction project, which, on an anthropological basis, manifests itself both in the loss of identity and in the formation of new paradoxical identities. Postmodernism as a crisis of traditional values generates the superficial character of mass culture with an everyday flow of information devoid of the deep meaning of the value-based content center. The axiological basis of the narrative is shifted by parody-ironic notes on the margins of electronic cloned spaces. Therefore, philosophy at the present stage is called upon to reanimate the metaphysical foundation with universal sacred meanings, including through a return to narrative schemes.
The role of the symbol in the multicultural communication process: philosophical analysis
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Zubova M. V.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the main aspects of the functioning of the symbol in the communication process. The semiotics of communicative space has been investigated as part of the transformation of its symbolic nature. The ratio of conventional codes and symbols in the process of creating a semantic field of communication was analyzed. The aspect of substitution of genuine communication - «imaginary,» from the point of view of postmodernism is considered. It was revealed that symbols within the framework of the communication process can be based on various associations, and within the framework of the language system they are constantly created, reproduced, copied and updated.
Neologisms in English as a reflection of social transformations
Authors:   Orel State University named after I. S. Turgenev, Grishechkina G. Yu.
Published: January 2025

This article examines the complex process of language development, which goes in parallel with the development of society. Special attention is paid to neologisms as a reflection of linguistic evolution. The author emphasises the key role of the word-formation system in language formation, including the creation of new word-formation models, modification of existing ones and changes in their productivity in connection with the modernisation of cultural practices. The paper identifies the key sociolinguistic factors contributing to the emergence of neologisms, highlights such spheres as media, advertising, business, science, technology, medicine, politics, finance, fashion as the most prominent sources of new vocabulary in modern English. The study sheds light on the dynamic nature of language evolution due to the needs of society and linguistic adaptation, and emphasises the crucial role of neologisms in shaping the lexicon of a language.
Soviet reality and Old Believer utopia in the works of the Pomor mentor Dionisy Chetvergov
Authors:   Novgorod State Museum-Reserve for scientific work, Melnikov I. A.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the topic of religious and social utopianism of the 20th century, which developed in the Old Believer environment, using the example of the works of the spiritual superior of the Pomorian community of the city of Frunze (Bishkek) Dionisy Chetvergov (1918 - 2001), which were first introduced into scientific circulation. Despite the fact that the folk utopia in the form of legends about distant lands, highlighted by K. V. Chistov and especially in demand among the Old Believers, lost relevance in the last century, the declared construction of a communist society and the policies of the Soviet government updated the attention of individual Old Believer authors to socio-utopian issues. Dionysy Chetvergov, who actively polemicized with the communists in his writings, was forced to construct his own vision of an ideal state, revealing his own understanding of such categories as personal freedom, legality, private property, and ideology. At the same time, he turned not so much to the traditional Old Believer argumentation, but also to the new language of Marxist philosophy, personal social experience and his own abstract logical reasoning. In this way, the image of the state was formulated, in general terms preserving the features of the Old Believers’ idealized idea of the Muscovite Tsardom before the reforms of Patriarch Nikon.
Reflections of Contemporary Russian Researchers on the Future of Philosophy
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Khokhlova E. I.
Published: January 2025

The subject of this paper is the reflections of contemporary Russian philosophers on the future of philosophy. The works of Russian researchers written in the last decade and a half (from 2009 to 2022) are considered. All the works demonstrate the authors' optimism about the future existence of philosophy. All Russian scientists whose works have been analyzed believe that philosophy will be in demand by man and society, however, nevertheless, it is being transformed in accordance with the changes in the world and the person himself.
Symbols of the past and images of the future in strategies of tourist development of territories
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Yazykeev A. N.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the role of personalized images in the branding of territories. On the example of sociological studies conducted in different cities and regions, the significance of historical personalities and architectural objects in the symbolic field of cities is demonstrated, as well as the possibilities of their use in the strategies of tourist development of territories. The work demonstrates how the images of the past, transforming can form the basis for the vision of the future. Difficulties may arise when using personalized images as significant symbols are considered separately.
Precision agriculture in Kyrgyzstan: a vague future or a philosophical formality
Authors:   Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after B.N. Yeltsin, Borisenko N. A.
Published: January 2025

This study attempts to answer the urgent question of the development of agriculture in Kyrgyzstan, considering the existing realities of the economic opportunities of farmers and the level of technologies used to a greater extent in the agricultural sector. The author examines the problems of strategic planning from the perspective of futures studies, pointing out the role that the methodological approaches of Futures Consciousness, foresight and Anticipatory Governance can play in this.
REPRESENTATION OF THE SYNTHESIS OF THE ARTS IN CULTURAL AND URBAN PROJECTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Lymarenko L. , Kuziakina D.
Published: January 2025

The article highlights the relevance of using the synthesis of arts in the professional training of future specialists, especially in the field of educational and cultural practice of higher education institutions. The research of Ukrainian scientists regarding the coverage of various aspects of the problems of interaction and synthesis of arts in the modern education system is analyzed. The author substantiates that without a deep understanding of the phenomenon of “synthesis of arts”, its dynamic and essential transformations, it is impossible to form an aesthetic attitude to art, to the artistic mastery of the values of the surrounding world, and to develop the ability of student youth to become a creator of culture through the creation of author’s high-quality cultural and artistic projects. It has been proven that the creation of a cultural and artistic project in the format of video content requires the highest coordinated efforts of the interaction of various types of art for the integrity of the new creative product. The phenomenon of “synthesis of arts” in the cultural and artistic project is defined as the creation of a qualitatively new artistic and pedagogical phenomenon, and the author’s cultural and artistic project is defined as an important tool for the popularization of cultural and artistic assets. The following stages of project creation are outlined: determining a relevant topic and creative idea; selecting material for writing a script, its compositional structure and detailed written presentation; searching for and determining a suitable, apt artistic form for presenting the content of the upcoming event; the author’s and director’s idea of implementing the developed script into a holistic artistic work that will generate new, valuable information and have social and cultural significance. Attention is focused on those regularities that should be considered when creating a new cultural and artistic idea of the project. It was concluded that in student video content projects, different types of art actively interact and complement each other, maintaining their independence and enhancing the emotional and aesthetic impact on the audience. This approach allows us to expand the boundaries of traditional art forms, creating new expressive means that can include modern technologies, digital media and other forms of creative expression, and vividly presented the effectiveness of using different approaches to the synthesis of arts to create innovative cultural and artistic products.
LEISURE TIME AND PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S NEEDS
Authors: Kuszak K.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the issue of children fulfilling their needs in their leisure time. The introduction describes the concepts of leisure time, preschool children’s leisure time, and preschool children’s needs.
The research aimed to define what needs preschool children fulfill in their leisure time and what forms of activity they prefer. The research method was individual interviews. The study group counted 88 children aged 4-6 years old. Conducted analyses are qualitative.
The research conclusions are the following: in their leisure time, children take activities of their own free will, out of adults’ control. They fulfill these needs, which they cannot fulfill in preschool institutions and at home. These include the need for rest and sleep, need for hunger and appetite, need for closeness and affiliation, need for physical activity, and need for pleasure. Children prefer activities, that serve to achieve their inner balance, give pleasure, give the possibility to act freely, unleash positive emotions, joy, and satisfaction.
Desenho técnico na Engenharia Mecânica: um pilar fundamental para formação de profissionais capacitados
Authors: Cunha Neto Pedro Carlos da
Published: January 2025

O ensino de Desenho Técnico desempenha um papel fundamental na formação de profissionais no curso de Engenharia Mecânica, proporcionando as habilidades necessárias para a interpretação, desenvolvimento e execução de projetos mecânicos. As disciplinas dessa área possibilitam a aplicação prática dos conhecimentos técnicos adquiridos ao longo do curso. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o nível de conhecimento e domínio dos alunos sobre Desenho Técnico, bem como sua percepção acerca das disciplinas oferecidas no curso de Engenharia Mecânica da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU). Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram que a maioria dos estudantes considera essas disciplinas importantes ou muito importantes para sua formação profissional. No entanto, a percepção predominante entre os alunos é de que a abordagem adotada poderia ser mais prática e técnologica desde o início do curso, visando uma melhor preparação para os desafios do mercado de trabalho. Dessa forma, observa-se a necessidade de aprimorar o equilíbrio entre teoria e prática, contribuindo para uma formação mais abrangente e alinhada às demandas da indústria. Conclui-se que a valorização contínua do ensino de Desenho Técnico é essencial para garantir a capacitação eficaz dos futuros engenheiros mecânicos.
Pragmatics of Conspiracy Mythologies
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Prilutski A.M.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the specifics of the functioning of modern conspiracy mythologems from the standpoint of the semiohermeneutic approach, since conspiracy theory is not only a technology for interpreting social and natural reality, but also a tool that ensures the development of the discursive environment. Content. As a result of the study, four main semiohermeneutic functions of a conspiracy myth were identified. The hermeneutic function makes it possible to explain complex social processes and phenomena at a level accessible to the perception of a mass audience that does not have special knowledge. Conspiracy hermeneutics acts as one of the varieties of mythological hermeneutics. A conspiracy explanation always turns out to be simpler and, strangely enough, often more informative. In addition, a conspiracy explanation always presupposes the presence of a “beneficiary”, which makes it consistent with the understanding of social processes that is developed by typical everyday situations. Moreover, the “benefit” is not necessarily material; it can be symbolic and even conditional. The gaming function of conspiracy theory allows us to remove the conflict between conspiracy theories and the type of rationality that underlies modern scientific and practical activity. The social function of conspiracy mythologies is determined by the ability of conspiracy discourse to form semiotic fictions of the elitism of conspiracy theorists as persons privy to special secrets inaccessible to profane knowledge. The communicative function of conspiracy theory is realized, first of all, as a function of communication - the interaction of people in the process of their social activities, one way or another connected with the conspiracy agenda. The analysis of communicative relations that are formed in connection with the functioning of conspiracy mythology and its impact on the semiosphere made it possible to identify two main types: conflict and cooperative (solidarity) communications.

Conclusions. The above functions of conspiracy mythologies are not exhaustive. However, it is their interaction that ensures the growing popularity of conspiracy theories. A conspiracy myth ultimately appears as a complex semiotic phenomenon that has the ability to form references to various social processes/phenomena and the symbolic reality correlated with them.
Resources and Social Functions of New Religious Movements in Russia
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Smirnov M.Yu.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the idea of the transitory nature of new religious movements (NRMs), which arose en masse and spread globally in most developed societies at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries as a result of developing secularization and conflict reaction to this process. The coverage of this phenomenon involves the disclosure of such aspects as typological identification, social functions and resource bases of NRMs. Content. The article examines the “religious movement” concept in relation to modern forms of religiosity. A distinction is made between religious worship as a normative system of rituals and as one of the ways of organizing religious life. The author characterizes the phenomenon of cult movements, identifies the specifics of auditorium and clientele cults, as well as “alternative”, “saving”, “reformist” and “transformist” small religious communities. With the difference in the scale of the presence of historically established religions and NRMs in society, the identity of their social functions - integrating, disintegrating, communicative, and ideological - is revealed. The analysis of NRMs replenishment resources showed their direct dependence on the general state of society. In conditions of social instability and deprivation of a significant part of the population, NRMs are in demand as one of the ways to compensate for life and ideological difficulties. The author identifies external (direct and indirect) and internal (structural and doctrinal) factors influencing the formation of NRMs resources.

Conclusion. In the foreseeable future, we should expect a gradual diffusion of NRMs, their transformations, and it is possible that transformations into something still difficult to predict. NRMs have become functional analogues of historically established religions, caused the necessary restructuring of religious life, exhausted their possibilities, but opened the prospect of the emergence of new public consciousness syncretic forms.
On the Political Constellations of N. A. Berdyaev’s Metaphysics
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kuznetsov D.A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The work of the Russian thinker Nikolaj Alexandrovich Berdyaev is considered in the article through the prism of the so-called political theology. Modern political theology, both Western and domestic, is primarily a historical and philosophical reflection, sometimes very curious, but hardly capable of providing a deep understanding of modern political events. Due to the politicization of the public sphere in recent years, this approach cannot be considered acceptable. The author of the article seeks to rehabilitate political theology as an actual, effective interdisciplinary project. Content. The article considers that part of Berdyaev's legacy in which this philosopher methodically explores the manifestations of religious, especially theological structures in the socio-political practices of Russia in the 19-20 centuries. The structural analogies between his metaphysics and the political principles prevailing in modern Russia are revealed. It is proposed to consider Berdyaev's metaphysical intuitions in conjunction with those relevant socio-political projects that are just waiting to be implemented.

Conclusions. Nikolaj Berdyaev's metaphysics has a high potential for interpreting current political processes in Russia and the world. His original religious and philosophical concept correlates with the concept of liberal conservatism, the dominant Russian ideology, since both, according to the author of the article, are manifestations of national cultural identity.
Habilidades comunicativas en directivos como contribución a la profesionalización de servidores públicos
Authors: Carpio-Camacho Adilen , Román-Fábregas Vanessa , González-Sánchez Jhenny Yantnerys , Romero-Romero Osvaldo
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de la investigación es proponer un programa de desarrollo que potencie las habilidades comunicativas en directivos del Gobierno Provincial de Sancti Spíritus, Cuba. La investigación se desarrolla desde un enfoque cuantitativo y con un alcance exploratorio, donde se triangulan los datos obtenidos por diferentes métodos y fuentes para conocer el estado de las habilidades comunicativas en los directivos estudiados. Los resultados del diagnóstico realizado; utilizando un muestreo intencional a 20 directivos y 60 de sus subordinados, unido a las concepciones teóricas de Whetten y Cameron, contextualizadas al contexto cubano por Codina, permitieron formular el diseño de un programa de desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas siguiendo un modelo de aprendizaje de cinco etapas, donde se aglutina el rígido conocimiento conceptual con las oportunidades de practicar y aplicar conductas observables. La valoración por expertos demuestra la pertinencia y factibilidad del programa a las condiciones para las que se propone
Estudio de factores maternos relacionados con la restricción del crecimiento intrauterino en neonatos
Authors: Rodríguez-Yribar Roberto Daikel , Velázquez-Hernández Miguel , Roca-Pedroso Iliana , Amaya-Ramírez Adrian
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Identificar factores maternos relacionados con la restricción del crecimiento intrauterino en neonatos del Hospital General Docente Dr. Agostinho Neto de Guantánamo en el periodo 2020-2022. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. El universo estuvo conformado por 486 recién nacidos diagnosticados con restricción del crecimiento intrauterino. Las variables estudiadas fueron: antecedentes preconcepcionales maternos, factores de riesgo propios del embarazo, peso al nacer y edad gestacional. Resultados: los abortos previos y la multiparidad fueron los antecedentes preconcepcionales maternos con mayor frecuencia, con 312 (64.20%) y 302 (62.14%). Entre los factores de riesgo maternos propios del embarazo se destacaron la anemia en 302 casos (62.14%), la preeclampsia en 278 casos (57.20%). Conclusiones: los antecedentes preconcepcionales maternos que influyen en la restricción del crecimiento intrauterino son los abortos previos, multiparidad, y la Hipertensión arterial crónica. Los factores propios del embarazo son anemia, preeclampsia e Infección urinaria.
Scènes de genre anecdotiques ou figurations fantasmatiques : du détail dans quelques sujets antiques de Leighton, Moore et Alma-Tadema
Authors: Gillard-Estrada Anne-Florence
Published: January 2025

Cet article se propose d’aborder le fonctionnement du détail dans trois sujets antiques de Lawrence Alma-Tadema, Albert Moore et Frederic Leighton, peintres associés aux mouvements classique et esthétique de la seconde moitié du xixe siècle en Grande‑Bretagne. Des détails au premier abord décoratifs ou documentaires — fragments sculptés ou objets du quotidien — viennent complexifier le sens de toiles s’inscrivant d’emblée dans la peinture de genre historique. Un autre sujet se superpose alors à la scène anecdotique et lui confère une dimension plus profonde. Le détail vient travailler la surface apparemment lisse de ces représentations et suscite des interrogations qui ont trait au corps, au désir ou à la mort.
Keats et le « vœu de myopie »
Authors: Monthéard Oriane
Published: January 2025

Cet article cherche à étudier le lien entre la présence du détail, le rapport à l’espace et la construction de l’image poétique dans la poésie de Keats. Certains poèmes de Keats trahissent en effet une méfiance à l’égard des grands espaces, et le regard affûté des locuteurs privilégie alors les points de vue resserrés qui désignent les objets dans une vision qui s’ajuste constamment. Le sujet percevant/écrivant place ainsi le détail au cœur de stratégies poétiques qui visent à valoriser le pouvoir évocateur de l’infime en manipulant les proportions, les points de vue et les perspectives. Dans ces poèmes, le détail concret permet certes que soit saisie l’essence de l’objet, mais il sert également à diriger le regard du lecteur. Le poète isole l’élément significatif qui se détache du fond du tableau, comme pour mieux guider l’interprétation du texte, ou au contraire organise une dispersion du sens par la prolifération des visions rapprochées. Enfin, l’œil détaillant se porte parfois sur le corps qui subit des opérations de découpe ou de prélèvement symboliques.
Procesos penales, justicia y rehabilitación social: una visión a la realidad ecuatoriana
Authors: Lascano-Núñez Duvi , Sánchez-Prieto Edwin , Tarqui-Silva Leonardo
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: identificar los principales elementos que componen los procesos penales y de justicia, además de ejecutar un análisis del sistema de rehabilitación social del país. Método: se aplicó una metodología de revisión, como base estructural al método PRISMA, se recurrió a las bases de datos: SCIELO, Google Académico, EBSCO, Educación Rezurces Información Center (ERIC), PsycINFO, Psycnet, y Dialnet. Los criterios de búsqueda se fundamentaron en las palabras clave “justicia”, “procesos sancionatorios penales”, “rehabilitación social”. Resultados: es posible mencionar que los elementos que componen los procesos penales son: instrucción, preparación y juicio. En lo que refiere al sistema judicial de Ecuador, se encuentra estructurado como un sistema de pluralismo jurídico, pues se fundamenta en la justicia militar, indígena y tiene una visión de interculturalidad. Conclusiones: existe una gran corrupción dentro de la justicia ecuatoriana, que no ha podido ser saneada durante años, siendo el reflejo de la misma realidad que atraviesa América Latina, en cuanto a las cárceles se refiere, no existe un verdadero proceso de rehabilitación y reinserción social, por el contrario, las cárceles en Ecuador se caracterizan por el deterioro de su sistema.
A pesquisa de campo na área da epidemiologia das doenças e agravos não transmissíveis: uma experiência em área rural da região do Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais
Authors: Bicalho Paula Gonçalves , Melendez Gustavo Velasquez , Horta Tatiane Géa , Mendes Mariana Santos Felisbino , Gazzinelli Andréa
Published: January 2025

This study reports the experience of a field research in non-communicable diseases in rural communities of Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais. The research reports the wealth of experience of the healthcare team in the course of the research when dealing with the area's residents, pointing out the day today difficulties, and the experiences when working with the local healthcare professionals.
Perancangan sistem informasi pemesanan makanan di kedai ayam batokok PJ berbasis android
Authors: Febriyani Indah , Jaya Eko Amri , Illahi Ayse Datun
Published: January 2025

Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah memberikan kontribusi besar dalam pengolahan data yang lebih efisien, akurat, dan aman, serta memainkan peran penting dalam transformasi digital global. Kedai Ayam Batokok PJ, sebuah usaha di bidang makanan, mengalami kesulitan dalam sistem pemesanan konvensional yang tidak terkomputerisasi, mengakibatkan pelayanan yang lambat dan sering terjadi kesalahan pencatatan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, penelitian ini mengusulkan perancangan sistem informasi pemesanan makanan berbasis Android. Sistem ini bertujuan untuk menggantikan metode konvensional, meminimalisir kesalahan pencatatan, memudahkan pembuatan laporan pemesanan dan transaksi, serta meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan melalui akses pemesanan online. Metodologi penelitian meliputi wawancara, pengamatan langsung, pengumpulan data, serta studi literatur untuk mendukung perancangan sistem. Implementasi sistem menggunakan Kotlin dan MySQL diuji untuk memastikan fungsionalitas sebelum digunakan, dengan perawatan berkala untuk menjaga kestabilan sistem. Penelitian ini menghasilkan aplikasi sistem informasi pemesanan makanan yang berbasis Android. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi yang dirancang dapat mengurangi antrian, mengurangi kesalahan pencatatan, mempermudah pelayanan, dan menghasilkan laporan yang efektif serta terstruktur. Sistem ini juga membantu kedai Ayam Batokok PJ dalam meningkatkan pangsa pasar dan memberikan pengalaman pengguna yang optimal.