ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI ASESMEN DALAM MENGAMATI PERKEMBANGAN ANAK TUNAGRAHITA DI TK SLB C 1 DHARMA RENA RING PUTRA I YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Abidin Muhammad Zainal 
Published: June 2019

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu unutk menganalisis proses implementasi asesmen yang diterapkan untuk anak tunagrahita, menemukan pola perkembangan anak tunagrahita, serta mencari problematika pelaksanaan asesmen di TK LB C1 Dharma Rena Ring Putra. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan langkah mereduksi data, menyajikan data serta menyimpulkan data. Pemerikasan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan proses pelaksanaan asesmen di TK LB C 1 Drama Rena Ringputra I Yogyakarta dialkukan dengan dua cara yaitu: Pertama, Asesmen perkembangan anak disabilitas, pelaksanan dimulai dengan asesmen prasekolah yang bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan kemampuan serta hambatan pada anak sebelum masuk sekolah, kemudia dilanjutkan asemen pasca sekolah, sebagai tindak lanjut sesmen pasca sekolah yang bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan anak dengan mengacu tahapan perkembangan anak disabilitas atau TPPAD (Tingkat Pencapaian Perkembangan Anak Disabilitas). Kedua, Asesmen perkembangan anak tunagrahita dari sudut kenormal, pelaksanan asesmen anak disabilitas dari kenormal dimulai dengan pengamatan setiap hari, pencatatan harian, menganalisa data setiap bulan dan rekap perkembangan selama semester dengan mengacu pada STPPA (Setandar tingkat pencapaian perkembangan anak). Pola perkembangan anak tunagrahrita selalu berkembang berpasang-pasangan, aspek kognitif selalu berpasangan dengan aspek motorik, aspek sosial emosional berpasangan dengan nilai moral agama sedangakan aspek perkembangan bahasa dan seni selalu mengiringi aspek-aspek tersebut. Problem matika pelaksanaan asesmen, masih kurang pahamnya akan pelaksanaan asesmen, kurangnya buku panduan asesmen.

 

Kata Kunci: Tunagrahita, Asesmen, Perkembangan anak.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the assessment implementation process applied to mentally retarded children, find patterns of development of mentally retarded children, and look for problems in carrying out assessments at TK LB C1 Dharma Rena Ring Putra. This research is a qualitative research with location in SLB C-1 Dharma Rena Ring Putra I Yogyakarta. Data collection is done by observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis is done by reducing, presenting and concluding data. Data validity is done by using technique triangulation. The results showed the process of conducting the assessment in TK LB C 1 Drama Rena Ringputra I Yogyakarta was conducted in two ways: disabled child development assessment, the implementation begins with a preschool assessment that aims to describe the ability and barriers to the children before entering school, then continued assessment of post-school, as a follow-up post-school assessment that aims to develop and maximize the ability of children by referring to the development stage of children with disability or commonly called TPPAD (Level Achievement of Children Development Disability). Second, the assessment of the development of the intellectual disability children from the normal point, the implementation of the child's assessment of disability from the normality begins with daily observation, daily recording, analyzing data every month and recap the progress during the semester. The process of implementing the child's assessment of intellectual disability from the angle of normality refers to STPPA (Standard level of child development achievement).. Pattern development of intellectual disability children always develop in pairs, cognitive aspect always pairs with motor aspect, emotional social aspect paired with religion moral value while the aspect of language development and art always accompany those aspects. Problematic implementation of the assessment is the absence of assessment standards and appraisal books for intellectual disability children.

Keyword : mentally disabled, assessment, childrent development