bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of Nursing Work Life (QNWL) in Indonesia: Scoping Review
Authors: Agusto Nyoman Wigo , Leo Kadek Agus , Septianita Nisa EKa
Published: March 2024

QNWL must continue to be considered to improve the welfare of nurses, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine the description and factors associated with QNWL in Indonesia. This research is a Scoping Review, namely the identification of articles through 3 databases including Google Scholer, Science Direct and Pubmed with the keywords "Quality of Nursing Work-life" AND "Hospital" AND "Public Health Center". The inclusion criteria for the article are published in 2017-2022, full text, research in Indonesia Hospitals/Puskesmas, DOI/ISSN, quantitative research and discusses the quality of working life of nurses. The search identified 320 articles and 12 articles were selected for analysis. The results showed that the QNWL both in the Hospital/Puskesmas on average were in the sufficient/moderate/moderate category. Then, there is a significant relationship between job satisfaction, marital status, nurse performance, education, number of teams and salary/income, quality of life/quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic with QNWL. Preferably, the management of the Hospital/Puskesmas continues to improve QNWL to improve the welfare of nurses so that they can provide optimal services.
Effectiveness of Feedback with Mobile Devices for Quality Measure of CPR Training: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vitasari Imaniar , Awaludin Sidik , Pratama Koernia Nanda
Published: March 2024

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving skill that can significantly increase survival rates in an emergency. Medical professionals, health students, and trained lay people must all perform high-quality CPR. As an outcome, effective CPR training using instruments that support the achievement of high-quality CPR is essential. Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of feedback provided via mobile devices in measuring the quality of CPR training. Method: Design used systematic review with reference to the PRISMA Statement Guidelines 2020. Search results through database of ScienceDirect (778 articles), Wiley Online Library (765 articles), PubMed (55 articles), and ResearchGate (73 articles). The research designs of articles analyzed was randomized controlled trial which published from 2013 to 2023 with the keywords cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CPR training, mobile devices. The sample in this study was taken from five articles that match the inclusion criteria. JBI's critical assessment tool for assessing bias risk in randomly controlled 2023 checklist tests is used to critically evaluate the instruments used for the selected article.  Results: The primary results that five publications were based on CPR quality metrics such as chest compression depth and speed, as well as the proportion of acceptable chest compression depth. Conclusions: This review discovered evidence that mobile devices have an effect on the effectiveness of real-time feedback on CPR quality in CPR training. CPR trainees received effective instant guidance from a variety of mobile devices, including smartphones and smart watches equipped with sensors.
Circumnavigation of the XVI century as a tool in the struggle for maritime dominance in the era of trade and colonial expansion
Authors: Mikheev Dmirtry
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the circumnavigations of the XVIth century as the most visible manifestation of the struggle of the leading maritime powers for supremacy at sea in the Age of Discovery and beginning of trade and colonial expansion. The first expeditions of Magellan and Drake were not initially planned as round-the-world, but circumstances forced their participants to undertake such a difficult and dangerous journey. Magellan's expedition was carried out in the context of the struggle between Portugal and Spain for the Spice Islands, and Drake's expedition was possible against the background of the aggravation of Anglo-Spanish relations, almost half a century after the completion of the first circumnavigation. Despite the dangers of the Strait of Magellan and the considerable losses on the long voyages, the profitability of the expeditions in the last third part of the XVIth century encouraged new attempts to replicate Drake's successes, particularly against the backdrop of the Anglo-Spanish War that began in 1585. The successful outcome of the Cavendish expedition spurred new English expeditions to the Straits. However, strengthening the defence capabilities of the Spanish colonies in the New World and harsh conditions for crossing the Strait lade to their failure. These circumstances have forced the English at the end of the century to focus on using the Portuguese route around the Cape of Good Hope in an attempt to reach the richest countries of Asia. At the turn of the XVI-XVII centuries Dutch navigators, adopting the experience of the English sailors, made several attempts to repeat Drake's expedition. Despite the success of Olivier van Noort, already in the first half of the XVII century, against the background of the end of the conflict with Spain, the Dutch, following the English, preferred to abandon the route through the Strait of Magellan in favour of the Portuguese route.
Implementation of international standards of risk management in ukrainian business environment: benefits and drawbacks
Authors: OVANDER Nataliia , RASSHYVALOV Dmytro , PIDVYSOTSKYI Yan
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Risk manageрment is an integral part of effective execution of any project. By applying international standards of risk management, project managers can improve the effectiveness of risk management in a project-oriented business, maximizing opportunities to achieve project goals and minimizing costs.
The purpose of the paper is to clarify the essence of the concept of "risk management", to analyze the main international standards of risk management and to determine the main advantages and obstacles on the way to its implementation in Ukraine.
Results. World experience and international risk management standards recommend that companies develop best practices, in particular, risk management policies and standards. Policies and standards are key elements that determine the consistency of risk management in a company. They are official documents developed and approved at the top management level. According to the risk management policy, companies must ensure the implementation of risk management to eliminate potential sources of non-compliance. A risk management standard describes how to assess risks and opportunities in an organization and the actions to be taken in response to identified risks and opportunities. The standard stipulates that all risks identified by company employees, regardless of their role or position, must be registered and assessed. Implementation of risk management systems at enterprises is one of the key elements of effective modern corporate management.
Conclusion. The main advantage of implementing of international standards of risk management in the organizations is that they encourage companies to study their business processes in detail and focus on their constant optimization. However, it is worth noting that the implementation of international risk management standards in Ukraine has a multifaceted nature and faces a number of problems associated with the adaptation of these methods at domestic enterprises. It should be taken into account that the implementation of the risk management system will not bring immediate results. This process should be approached from the perspective of a long-term perspective and is aimed at achieving further competitive advantages in the future.
Weight Training Pada Otot Lengan di Olaharaga Panahan
Authors: Bernhardin Dindin
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out the impact of the intensity of weight training (bench press and lateral full down) in increasing arm muscle strength in the drawing technique of archery. The research method used in this study is the experimental method, research instrument or data collection tool used in this study is a 30 meter archery test. The population and sample used in this study are students who are members of the Pasundan Cimahi Archery Student Activity Unit (STKIP). The calculation results show t = 6,703, p = 0,000 means significant. This means that the intensity of weight training exercises (bench press and lateral full down) has a significant effect on increasing arm muscle strength in drawing techniques in archery. The mean for the initial test and the final test shows a positive difference.
Agotamiento profesional docente
Authors: Vargas Aguilar Juan , González Orellana Natalia , Jensen Heresi Constanza
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo describe una investigación-acción en contexto educativo cuyo objetivo fue crear un plan de acción basado en una capacitación que concientice al equipo directivo, sostenedoras y profesores sobre el agotamiento profesional, sus repercusiones y el reconocimiento docente. Con este fin, se levantó información mediante encuestas y entrevistas, y luego se realizaron capacitaciones a los grupos objetivos del trabajo. Como parte de los resultados, destaca la apreciación positiva del equipo directivo del proceso de implementación, así como un incremento en la percepción de bienestar por parte de los docentes en la encuesta de cierre.
An Analysis of Parental Quality of Life Following an Autism Diagnosis for their Children
Authors: Macmbinji Vincent
Published: March 2024

The primary goal of this study's contents is to systematically review earlier studies on the quality of life in parents of autistic children and provide a significant analysis of the ways in which societal themes and facets influence the current state of affairs. Using the four dimensions of the quality of life—the physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains—as a guide, this analysis has attempted to address significant and noteworthy aspects as indicated by World Health Organization (2012).In the present study, I intend to explore the parents’ opinions regarding their quality of life towards diagnosis of their children with autism. This systematic review, which adhered to PRISMA principles, sought to find and evaluate pertinent studies on parents of autistic children's quality of life (QoL). Twenty-five studies were found to be potentially relevant after a preliminary search. 12 studies were eliminated after the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied because they did not meet methodological requirements, did not focus on the same demographic, or did not fall within the relevant timeframe. As a result, six papers were left in the final pool for additional synthesis and analysis. According to this review, mothers reported lower levels of physical, psychological, and environmental comfort than fathers. In the psychological and physical dimensions of QOL level, mothers and fathers differ significantly from one another. The majority of parents expressed dissatisfaction over their family life and relationships being negatively impacted by their inability to obtain funds, specialist intervention programs, and prompt diagnosis. Nonetheless, parents concurrently expressed favourable views of transformation resulting from diagnosis and successful intervention. Families with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder may face additional stressors due to delays and challenges in diagnosis and service availability. Families' social and professional lives, as well as their connections with friends and relatives, are all impacted by raising a child with autism. The study suggests that raising awareness about the quality of life for families of children with autism is necessary. To protect the most vulnerable families, the state should enact laws and policies pertaining to disabilities and educate the public about the various kinds of disabilities. These initial results add to our understanding of the perspectives of parents of disabled children on their child's quality of life.
Une résistible ascension de l’AfD ? L’ancrage électoral et politique de l’AfD
Authors: Vaillant Jérôme
Published: March 2024

La progression dans les sondages du parti d’extrême droite Alternative pour l’Allemagne (AfD) inquiète non seulement en Allemagne mais en Europe et dans le monde en raison du passé national-socialiste du pays. Pour évaluer la place de l’AfD dans le paysage politique allemand et l’importance de cette progression qui s’inscrit dans une tendance observable en Europe, il est nécessaire de les mettre en relation avec les résultats connus d’élections régionales échues. Quels sont par ailleurs les électeurs de l’AfD et serait-il opportun d’envisager l’interdiction de ce parti mis sous observation par l’Office de protection de la constitution pour son extrémisme ? Il convient également de prendre en compte la progression des manifestations hostiles à l’AfD et pour la défense de la démocratie, qui ont contribué à son recul dans les sondages.
L’AfD, juste un parti de droite comme beaucoup d’autres ?
Authors: Virchow Fabian , Pellissier Béatrice
Published: March 2024

Depuis sa création en 2013, l’AfD n’a pas seulement connu une ascension fulgurante, mais s’est également transformée d’un parti conservateur et national-libéral en une organisation d’extrême droite, au sein de laquelle des fantasmes de renversement ont également vu le jour. Le courant minoritaire völkisch-nationaliste d’origine, appelé Der Flügel , bien qu’il ne soit plus actif sous cette appellation, détermine des évolutions centrales au sein du parti. Le nombre et l’intensité de la collaboration avec des groupes anticonstitutionnels comme le mouvement identitaire augmentent, contrairement à ce qui a été décidé au sein du parti. Les services de renseignement intérieurs considèrent également de plus en plus de secteurs du parti comme anticonstitutionnels. Malgré la radicalisation progressive au cours des dix dernières années, qui a vu le départ de trois présidents de parti, le parti connaît un pic dans les sondages depuis la mi-2023. Au niveau national, il occupe la deuxième place dans les sondages avec environ 22 % ; dans plusieurs Länder de l’Allemagne de l’Est, il est le parti le plus fort avec bien plus de 30 % des intentions de vote exprimées. À la lumière de cette évolution, de plus en plus de voix s’élèvent pour demander l’interdiction de l’AfD comme mesure de protection de la démocratie.
Comment mesurer et expliquer la défiance face à la démocratie à l’Est ? Réflexions à partir d’une étude de l’Institut Else Frenkel Brunswik de l’Université de Leipzig
Authors: Goudin-Steinmann Elisa
Published: March 2024

Une étude réalisée par l’Institut Else Frenkel Brunswik (EFBI) de l’Université de Leipzig vient de paraître sur la crise de la démocratie à l’Est de l’Allemagne le 27 juin 2023. Il s’agit d’une étude réalisée auprès de 3 546 personnes originaires de l’ex RDA sous la direction d’Oliver Decker et d’Elmar Brähler. Cette étude met en évidence une progression des idées d’extrême-droite, du refus des minorités (xénophobie, antisémitisme, social-darwinisme) et de la défiance face à la démocratie non pas en tant qu’idée mais telle qu’elle fonctionne dans la vie quotidienne. Cela montre que les idéologèmes centraux de la société démocratique perdent leur force d’intégration dans cette région de l’Allemagne. Nous essayons de décrire ce phénomène, de le mesurer, et de proposer quelques hypothèses pour l’expliquer.
Mencius Moldbug, le gourou
Authors: Stefanoni Pablo
Published: March 2024

Allier transhumanisme débridé et gouvernements autoritaires à une organisation sous forme d’États-entreprises ultraconcurrentiels dirigés par des rois-PDG, tout cela grâce à la colonisation de la haute mer comme du cosmos, sans oublier un discours élitiste obsédé par les tests de QI… Ce tableau qui semble halluciné et dystopique est pourtant l’horizon rêvé et l’objectif politique des « néoréactionnaires », qui s’inscrivent dans le sillage d’un informaticien étatsunien d’une cinquantaine d’années, aussi discret qu’influent : Mencius Moldbug. Ou quand la Silicon Valley entend défendre ses intérêts grâce à une dictature entrepreneuriale.
Changer de race ?
Authors: Brun Solène
Published: March 2024

Tout le monde connaît des changements au cours de son existence. On grandit, on vieillit, on connaît différents statuts professionnels. On peut aussi changer de classe sociale ou de genre. Mais il reste un point aveugle dans ce tableau : la race. Des cas ont récemment défrayé la chronique, en particulier celui de Rachel Dolezal, cette Étatsunienne née de parents blancs qui s’est présentée comme une femme noire durant des années, a été identifiée comme telle, a pris la tête d’une association de défense des droits civiques et a enseigné à l’université la culture africaine-américaine, l’histoire de l’art africaine et africaine-américaine ou encore celle des luttes des femmes noires. Mais est-il véritablement possible de « changer de race » ? Qu’est-ce que les récits de franchissement des frontières raciales, hier comme aujourd’hui, nous apprennent sur la race ?
De quels maux le sensitivity reading est-il le révélateur ?
Authors: Pradier Elsa
Published: March 2024

Depuis quelques années, le travail de sensitivity reading fait l’objet d’attaques virulentes. On crie à la censure, à la réécriture de l’histoire et au plus grand drame de notre époque, le «  politiquement correct  ». Or cette expression brandie comme un épouvantail recouvre un grand nombre de pratiques, jusqu’à désigner des démarches aux fondements presque antagoniques – effacement d’un contenu, contextualisation d’un propos, suggestions de corrections, approfondissement d’une réflexion, nuances apportées à une description. Surtout, ce flou autour du sensitivity reading semble masquer l’essentiel : la structure et la composition du monde éditorial hexagonal, qui ne saurait voir les oppressions qu’il contribue à reproduire.
Remettre le sexe sur la table du genre
Authors: Jaunait Alexandre
Published: March 2024

Avons-nous toujours besoin du sexe ? À l’heure où nombre d’entre nous parlent couramment le langage du genre et du queer, le sexe apparaît désuet, obsolète, inutile. Dès lors, le terme n’apparaît quasiment plus que dans les discours pseudo-féministes de groupes réactionnaires qui s’attellent à renaturaliser le sexe pour mieux disqualifier celles et ceux qui entendent vivre selon le genre qui leur convient, et non selon celui qui leur a été assigné à la naissance. Il apparaît ainsi essentiel, dans une démarche résolument féministe, de ne pas abandonner le sexe à celles et ceux qui entendent en faire une arme dirigée contre l’égalité des droits et la reconnaissance de l’existence de toutes et tous. Plaidoyer pour remettre le sexe sur la table du genre.
Antoine Meillet et le genre : retour sur la question
Authors: Létoublon Françoise
Published: March 2024

L’autrice traite du genre des noms, sujet longuement développée par Meillet dans la dimension synchronique et diachronique des langues indo-européennes. Elle montre qu’à la distinction ancienne animé/inanimé s’est substituée secondairement celle de masculin/féminin, comme elle l’a déjà présenté en 1988. L’autrice compare les contraintes imposées au neutre/non-neutre à celles soumises au masculin/féminin. Enfin, elle reprend la notion de genre que le mouvement féministe a largement modifié et suggère que le regain d’intérêt pour le neutre constitue un prolongement – inattendu – des idées de Meillet.
L’évaluation d’un projet de tutorat entre des étudiants parfumeurs-aromaticiens et des lycéens et collégiens de Grasse
Authors: Baugnies Mercedes
Published: March 2024

Le présent article traite de l’évaluation des effets-tuteurs générés par des activités de tutorat menées par des étudiants en parfumerie auprès d’élèves du second degré dans le cadre de la découverte des métiers de la parfumerie et de la création d’arômes. L’évaluation a reposé sur un recueil de données qualitatives permettant la production de sens. Des effets-tuteurs génériques, issus de la littérature scientifique, mais également spécifiques, c’est-à-dire propres aux activités menées, ont émergé. Il s’agit du développement anticipé de compétences professionnelles, notamment orales, de la prise de conscience du cluster représenté par la ville de Grasse, des savoirs et savoir-faire qui y sont enracinés et de la nécessité de transmission de compétences. L’auto-évaluation des tuteurs révèle l’émergence du sentiment d’intégrer la communauté des parfumeurs. Le projet s’inscrit dans les parcours avenir des adolescents tutorés via à « l’éducation à » la création d’arômes.
L’éducation musicale à l’épreuve du vivre ensemble
Authors: Terrien Pascal , Penso Eric
Published: March 2024

Le vivre ensemble et l’acceptation de la diversité culturelle (respect d’autrui et altérité) sont plus que jamais mis à rude épreuve dans nos sociétés postmodernes. Leurs enseignements peuvent être considérés comme des éducations à au même titre que l’éducation musicale. Dès lors, si penser une école démocratique nécessite un renforcement de l’éducation à la citoyenneté, comment peut-on évaluer une éducation à la musique sur le vivre ensemble ? Une enquête menée auprès des professeurs des écoles (n.385) dans l’académie d’Aix-Marseille a permis de dresser un premier état des lieux sur les liens entre le vivre ensemble et l’éducation à la musique. Une des hypothèses de cette étude était que les activités pratiquées en cours d’éducation musicale (percevoir ; produire) favorisent l’éveil à l’altérité et, à la diversité culturelle en développant la pratique de la culture d’autrui. Les résultats obtenus proposent un bilan sur l’impact de cet éveil à l’altérité dans les pratiques de l’éducation à la musique à l’école.
L’éducation à la posture réflexive. Le cas des formateurs pilotes de l’armée de l’air et de l’espace (AAE).
Authors: Renaudeau Benjamin , Ferari Vincent , Poplimont Christine
Published: March 2024

La formation initiale des pilotes de l’AAE n’est plus en adéquation avec les objectifs attendus. La recherche présentée dans cet article considère l’autoévaluation comme une méthode active et réflexive capable de contribuer à un « processus de changement » dans les pratiques pédagogique du formateur. Elle vise à identifier les facteurs déclencheurs de l’autoévaluation favorisant une éducation à : la posture réflexive. La méthode est basée sur le recueil des productions verbales et écrites des formateurs, l’autoévaluation simple, l’auto-confrontation et le journal de bord. Trois séances dédiées à l’autoévaluation s’avèrent nécessaires pour faire émerger cette posture réflexive.
Évaluation des valeurs et dispositions des acteurs impliqués dans un projet mobilisant l’approche One Health
Authors: Lefrancois Estelle , Barthes Angela , Bino Aurélie , Lange Jean-Marc
Published: March 2024

La dégradation des écosystèmes porte atteinte à la santé des humains notamment à travers l’émergence de maladies infectieuses. Pour y remédier, l’approche One Health qui reconnaît l’interdépendance de la santé des humains, des animaux et de l’environnement semble pertinente. Une telle approche de la santé implique la communication entre des acteurs différents, la co-construction des problèmes et des solutions et l’action collective. Elle bouleverse les valeurs et les dispositions de ces acteurs ainsi que les modes évaluatifs des actions menées. Les « éducations à », notamment les éducations au politique et au développement durable peuvent être mobilisées pour accompagner de tels changements. La phase diagnostique d’un projet d’éducation au territoire dans les Grands Causses (Aveyron) fournit l’occasion d’identifier les valeurs mobilisées et les dispositions essentielle à toute action en contexte complexe comme la pensée critique. Bien que les résultats obtenus soient prometteurs, la taille du jeu de données et les méthodes mises en œuvre ne permettent pas d’évaluer leur portée épistémologique et méritent d’être redéfinies avant de construire un indice agrégé qui soit un outil d’évaluation des approches one Health.
Le Grand Oral, une opportunité d’évaluation des éducations à la santé dans la série des Sciences Technologiques de la Santé et du Social ?
Authors: Dodet Karine , Caparros-Mencacci Nicole
Published: March 2024

L’article s’intéresse à l’évaluation des acquis des élèves de ST2S au travers de deux types d’épreuves du baccalauréat en France : les épreuves écrites et le Grand Oral. Il analyse d’abord les instructions officielles et montre que l’enseignement en ST2S s’inscrit dans la perspective d’une « éducation à » mais n’est pas explicité comme tel. Il questionne ensuite les formes d’évaluation concrètement proposées par l’institution. Concernant les épreuves écrites, il pointe que l’évaluation par compétences – évaluation de la performance sur un mode analytique proche de l’évaluation par les objectifs – ne permet pas de saisir la complexité des tâches réalisées. S’agissant du Grand Oral, il souligne en revanche que la préparation de l’épreuve centrée sur une approche thématique multiréférentielle de questions transversales et spécifiques à la santé est propice à la problématisation des élèves et à la prise en eux de valeurs et d’enjeux propres aux « éducations à ». Mais qu’en est-il de son évaluation ? Il met en évidence que l’oralité, les connaissances et l’esprit critique font partie des critères d’évaluation proposés. Même si les deux premiers sont privilégiés par rapport au dernier, ce référentiel constitue une première approche d’évaluation de l’éducation à la santé et au social. Il affirme enfin la nécessité d’une formation spécifique des concepteurs d’épreuves et des jurys du baccalauréat de ces séries.
Preceptor Boot Camp: Basic Training for Novice Preceptors
Authors: McNeil Brenda B. , Alexander Ivy M.
Published: March 2024

Background:

A clinical preceptor (CP) provides the vital link to apply didactic learning in clinical practice for nurse practitioner (NP) students. A nationwide shortage of CPs continues. The goal of this pilot project was to evaluate a model for developing preceptors from the school of nursing alumni that addressed modifiable academic barriers to precepting.

Method:

Six NP alumni from the school of nursing participated in a comprehensive novice CP training program based on Kolb's experiential learning theory and unparalleled faculty support through regularly scheduled contact. Pre- and posttests, site visits, and focus groups were used to assess the participants' progress.

Results:

Participants' self-reported ability to teach and manage time when working with NP students improved, and 83.9% showed improved knowledge of precepting skills.

Conclusion:

Foundational skills and communication are essential elements to support novice CPs. This support may enhance both student and CP experience as well as increase retention of CPs.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(6):283–288.]
Performance of Two Artificial Intelligence Generative Language Models on the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination
Authors: Lubitz Marc , Latario Luke
Published: March 2024

Background:

Artificial intelligence (AI) generative large language models are powerful and increasingly accessible tools with potential applications in health care education and training. The annual Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE) is widely used to assess resident academic progress and preparation for the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Part 1 Examination.

Materials and Methods:

Open AI's ChatGPT and Google's Bard generative language models were administered the 2022 OITE. Question stems that contained images were input without and then with a text-based description of the imaging findings.

Results:

ChatGPT answered 69.1% of questions correctly. When provided with text describing accompanying media, this increased to 77.8% correct. In contrast, Bard answered 49.8% of questions correctly. This increased to 58% correct when text describing imaging in question stems was provided (
P
<.0001). ChatGPT was most accurate in questions within the shoulder category, with 90.9% correct. Bard performed best in the sports category, with 65.4% correct. ChatGPT performed above the published mean of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education orthopedic resident test-takers (66%).

Conclusion:

There is significant variability in the accuracy of publicly available AI models on the OITE. AI generative language software may play numerous potential roles in the future in orthopedic education, including simulating patient presentations and clinical scenarios, customizing individual learning plans, and driving evidence-based case discussion. Further research and collaboration within the orthopedic community is required to safely adopt these tools and minimize risks associated with their use. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(3):e146–e150.]
Enhancing Vault Prediction and ICL Sizing Through Advanced Machine Learning Models
Authors: Zhu Jun , Li Fen-Fen , Li Gao-Xiang , Jiang Shang-Yang , Cheng Dan , Bao Fang-Jun , Wu Shuang-Qing , Dai Qi , Ye Yu-Feng
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

To use artificial intelligence (AI) technology to accurately predict vault and Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) size.

Methods:

The methodology focused on enhancing predictive capabilities through the fusion of machine-learning algorithms. Specifically, AdaBoost, Random Forest, Decision Tree, Support Vector Regression, LightGBM, and XGBoost were integrated into a majority-vote model. The performance of each model was evaluated using appropriate metrics such as accuracy, precision, F1-score, and area under the curve (AUC).

Results:

The majority-vote model exhibited the highest performance among the classification models, with an accuracy of 81.9% area under the curve (AUC) of 0.807. Notably, LightGBM (accuracy = 0.788, AUC = 0.803) and XGBoost (ACC = 0.790, AUC = 0.801) demonstrated competitive results. For the ICL size prediction, the Random Forest model achieved an impressive accuracy of 85.3% (AUC = 0.973), whereas XG-Boost (accuracy = 0.834, AUC = 0.961) and LightGBM (accuracy = 0.816, AUC = 0.961) maintained their compatibility.

Conclusions:

This study highlights the potential of diverse machine learning algorithms to enhance postoperative vault and ICL size prediction, ultimately contributing to the safety of ICL implantation procedures. Furthermore, the introduction of the novel majority-vote model demonstrates its capability to combine the advantages of multiple models, yielding superior accuracy. Importantly, this study will empower ophthalmologists to use a precise tool for vault prediction, facilitating informed ICL size selection in clinical practice.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(3):e126–e132.]
Outreach for Young Adult African Americans with Risk Factors for Stroke
Authors: Feinberg Iris , Aycock Dawn M. , Tighe Elizabeth L. , Detamore Delaney
Published: March 2024

Background:

Research suggests that younger adult African American people (age 18–35 years) have more than double the risk of having a stroke than White people. Stroke risk education is lacking for this cohort; there is a dearth of materials that are targeted and focused for young adult African Americans. There is also little research on developing and testing age and culturally appropriate health literate materials that may help this population better understand personal risk factors for stroke.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to understand factors to guide creating and disseminating plain language health messages about stroke risk awareness among young adult African Americans.

Methods:

African American participants age 18 years and older completed an online survey (
N
= 413). Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, and two-step cluster analyses were used to evaluate stroke risk awareness, perceived risk of stroke, message creation factors, and online health information seeking behavior. Open-ended survey items described modifiable and non-modifiable reasons for perceived risk of stroke.

Key Results:

Participants reported differences on overall stroke risk factor awareness by perceived risk of stroke was significant (F[2, 409] = 4.91,
p
= .008) with the
very low/low
group (
M
= 1.66,
p
< .01), showing significantly lower overall stroke risk factor awareness compared to the
moderate
and
high/very high
groups. Both respondents who thought their stroke risk was
very low/low
and
moderate/high/very high
commented about family history (54.1% and 45.9%, respectively) as the reason and 88.2% of
very low/low
commented that they did not have risk factors for stroke because they were young. Cluster analysis indicated the Mostly Clear Preferences cluster was more likely to select
mostly/very
on positive, informational, and long-term messages and medical authority sources. The largest of three clusters reported medical sources as the highest rated source for both finding and trusting health information (47.2%,
n
= 195).

Conclusion:

Young adult African Americans have a scarce understanding of modifiable stroke risk factors; health education materials should focus on positive information messaging that shows a long-term result and is presented by a medical authority. We did not observe any age or sex differences among the data, which suggests different message modalities may not be needed. [

HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2024;8(1):e38–e46.

]
A Conceptual Study on Instagram Marketing
Authors: Panda Pramod Ranjan , Sahoo Swapna mayee , Das Saumendra , Bansal Rohit , Dey Sabyasachi , Kanwal Nayan Deep S. , Badawy Hassan Refaat Hassan
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to look into the applications of AI Chat GPT that affect marketing efficiency, notably on the Instagram platform. In the success of Instagram marketing, a descriptive qualitative method using virtual ethnography is utilized to assess AIDA (attention, interest, desire, and action) effectiveness. By counting the number of users that watched, liked, visited the profile, or engaged in a certain action after seeing the advertisement, Instagram's marketing effectiveness was determined. This chapter examines how ChatGPT, an NLG model powered by OpenAI's GPT-3 technology, might enhance chat-based e-commerce and other sectors including news, education, entertainment, finance, and health. The authors evaluate ChatGPT's present use cases in various fields and consider potential new uses. They also talk about how this technology may be used to provide people with more individualized content. They examine ChatGPT's potential to improve customer service for businesses in our final section.
Artificial Intelligence Challenges and Its Impact on Detection and Prevention of Financial Statement Fraud
Authors: Archna  , Bhagat Nidhi
Published: March 2024

The detection and prevention of financial statement fraud is a critical concern in maintaining the credibility and reliability of financial reporting. In response to this ongoing challenge, researchers are exploring innovative solutions that leverage artificial intelligence (AI) technology. This study investigates the potential application of AI techniques, such as machine learning algorithms, natural language processing, and data mining, in enhancing forensic accounting practices for detecting and preventing financial statement fraud. Furthermore, the research examines the inherent challenges and limitations involved in implementing AI systems within forensic accounting. The findings of this research contribute valuable insights to organizations, regulatory bodies, and forensic professionals, assisting them in their efforts to combat financial fraud and promote the accuracy of financial reporting systems.
Cooperative Freedoms and Practical Inquiry in an Online Course for Teachers
Authors: Ardito Gerald
Published: March 2024

This chapter will describe a graduate-level online teacher education course titled “CS for Teachers,” which exposed novice teacher candidates to the key concepts of computational thinking, especially abstraction, mostly for the first time. This asynchronous online course was designed to introduce these teacher candidates to these concepts through increasingly challenging projects or “challenges” and to provide the highest levels of autonomy and freedom in meeting these challenges. Student-to-student and student-to-teacher interactions were examined to explore the content and tenor of such interactions throughout the course. This analysis revealed that during the hardest part of these challenges, student-to-student interactions dramatically increased and increasingly focused on asking for and providing support to one another in authentic and meaningful ways. Implications for teacher education are explored.
Humanizing the Online Doctoral Experience With High-Impact Faculty Engagement and Mentorship
Authors: Hauth Clara , Crystle Jennifer , Melideo Shannon L. , Boyd Ruth , Thompson Jennifer
Published: March 2024

This chapter describes two of the best practices an asynchronous EdD program for educational leadership and organizational innovation program employs to humanize the online course space for its doctoral program. The researchers discuss the origins and development of the continuous weekly support (CWS) model and the lead doctoral faculty mentor (LDFM) program, which are two pillars of the student experience in the online doctoral program. A comprehensive analysis of the technological integrations, frequency of communication, and various messaging techniques are discussed. Additional data is shared regarding a thorough examination of the lead doctoral faculty mentor (LDFM) role, incorporating data from a recently completed institutional research project. The hope is that by sharing these practices, other institutions of higher education may modify and incorporate similar high-impact practices of their own, thereby increasing student persistence, retention, and degree completion, specifically in virtual program environments.
Tech Unleashed
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet
Published: March 2024

An extensive examination of how artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the venture capital and startup scene can be found in “Tech Unleashed: The Influential Power of Artificial Intelligence on Venture Capital and Startups.” The chapter explores a number of important topics, and stresses the revolutionary impact that AI plays in this dynamic ecology. The first section of the chapter introduces the field of venture capital and startups as well as the growing role of artificial intelligence. It establishes the mutually beneficial relationship between artificial intelligence, venture capital, and startups, laying the groundwork for the talks to come. The chapter reveals the swift ascent of AI-driven businesses in several industries. It demonstrates how artificial intelligence (AI) is the engine of innovation, empowering companies to take on real-world problems and upend established business paradigms.
Exploring the Synergy
Authors: Kamal Roop
Published: March 2024

Venture capital, once regarded as a niche investment strategy, has emerged as a formidable presence within the realms of finance and innovation. The aforementioned transition signifies the recognition that startups had significant potential as catalysts for both innovation and employment growth, with venture capital serving as a formidable driver for their expansion. A thriving startup ecosystem is characterized by the presence of several startups, incubators, accelerators, co-working spaces, and a supportive regulatory framework. This research chapter explores the complex interplay between venture capital (VC) and the startup ecosystem, with the objective of offering valuable insights into the effects of VC investments on the dynamism and development of entrepreneurial environments on a global scale.
A Policy Direction From Review of Literature for Determinants and Problems of the Start-Up Ecosystem in India
Authors: Singh Ajay Kumar , Ashraf Shah Nawaz , Singh Santosh
Published: March 2024

This chapter analyzed the determinants and problems of the start-up ecosystem in India as per the existing literature. The number of start-ups increased at an unprecedented rate in India after 2016. India has the 3rd highest number of startups in the world. However, the success rate of start-ups is very low in India. The start-up ecosystem depends on education level, human skills, business experience, family background, and market potential. India needs to adopt the triple helix model to increase the sustainability of the startups. Technological change, financial constraints, low infrastructure, registration of new startup, low transfer of technology and commercialization, low venture capital, and global policies are creating obstacles to increase the progress of the startup ecosystem in India. The research institutions should set up TBIs and business development cells to attract the attention of entrepreneurs and investors in the start-up ecosystem of India.
Assessment of Anticancer Properties of Thai Plants
Authors: Yingngam Bancha
Published: March 2024

Cancer, a critical health concern, necessitates safer, more effective treatments. This chapter explores the anticancer potential of traditional Thai plants, which, despite being underresearched, show significant promise. It focuses on bioactive compounds and their efficacy against various cancer types. The chapter categorizes these plants based on their active components and reviews both laboratory and animal studies to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in inhibiting cell growth, inducing cell death, and preventing tumor blood vessel formation. Clinical trials supporting these findings are also highlighted. Given their potential to improve or innovate cancer treatments, Thai plants present encouraging prospects. However, further research is essential to confirm the safety and efficacy of these approaches. These studies suggest that Thai plants could lead to the development of innovative anticancer drugs, signaling potential significant advancements in cancer therapy.
Deep Learning-Based Voice Pathology Detection From Electroglottography
Authors: Revathi S. , Mohanasundaram K.
Published: March 2024

The detection of voice pathology is a critical field in the domain of speech and healthcare, with early and accurate diagnosis being pivotal for effective treatment. Electroglottography (EGG) has been emerged as a promising tool for understanding the functioning of the vocal folds, offering valuable insights into voice disorders. This chapter highlights the current state of research in voice pathology detection using deep networks applied to EGG signals and examines various studies and methodologies in this area, emphasizing data collection and pre-processing techniques, the design of CNN architectures, training strategies, and performance evaluation metrics. Additionally, the chapter discusses the potential for further advancements, challenges, and opportunities in the field, emphasizing the importance of standardized datasets and the integration of CNN-based voice pathology detection models into clinical practice.
A Medical Comparative Study Evaluating Electrocardiogram Signal-Based Blood Pressure Estimation
Authors: Moussaoui Siham , Fellag Sid Ali , Chebi Hocine
Published: March 2024

In general, blood pressure (BP) is measured using standard methods (medical monitors), which are widely used, or from physiological sensor data, which is a difficult task usually solved by combining several signals. In recent research, electrocardiogram (ECG) signals alone have been used to estimate blood pressure. The authors present a comparative study that evaluates ECG signal-based blood pressure estimation using complexity analysis to extract features, comparing the results obtained with a random forest regression model as well as with the combination of a stacking-based classification module and a regression module. It was determined that the best result obtained is a mean absolute error range of 3.73 mmHg with a standard deviation of 5.19 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and 5.92 mmHg with a standard deviation of 7.23 mmHg for systolic blood pressure (PAS).
Picturing the Future by Framing the Past
Authors: Hayes Catherine
Published: March 2024

The 21st century has seen the emergent need for continuing professional development (CPD) within the health and medical professions to address not only the individual needs of clinicians to ensure their knowledge is current but that it serves a greater collective purpose in relation to the healthcare workforce. From a theoretical perspective, seminal epistemological theories of learning remain unchanged, but the challenge of how best to facilitate disciplinary experts in remaining motivated and passionate about learning opportunities amidst the pressures of their daily workloads remains an issue for address. This chapter provides an insight into contemporary approaches to CPD within the context of applied praxis.
Breathing the Asylum System
Authors: Borges Gabriela Mesquita
Published: March 2024

Establishing a life in an asylum country presents an exceptionally daunting challenge, particularly for women. In asylum countries, women encounter numerous hurdles like healthcare, language barriers, economic empowerment, childcare, education, cultural adjustment, legal issues, and more. This chapter comprehensively analyzes reception conditions and integration practices in the Portuguese asylum system from a gender perspective, covering seven critical areas: housing, financial support, healthcare, psychological assistance, education, labor market integration, and legal aid. Through 49 interviews (with asylum-seeking women and with professionals working in the Portuguese asylum system), this research unveils deficiencies in support, mainly due to the absence of gender-specific approaches. The chapter aims to promote gender-sensitive policies and practices to aid asylum-seeking women.
The Dysregulated IL-23/TH17 Axis in Endometriosis Pathophysiology
Authors: Sisnett Danielle J , Zutautas Katherine B , Miller Jessica E , Lingegowda Harshavardhan , Ahn Soo Hyun , McCallion Alison , Bougie Olga , Lessey Bruce A , Tayade Chandrakant
Published: March 2024

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which endometrial-like tissue grows ectopically, resulting in pelvic pain and infertility. IL-23 is a key contributor in the development and differentiation of TH17 cells, driving TH17 cells toward a pathogenic profile. In a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, TH17 cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-17, contributing to disease pathophysiology. Our studies and others have implicated IL-17 and TH17 cell dysregulation in endometriosis, which is associated with disease severity. In this article, we address whether IL-23–driven TH17 cells contribute to cardinal features of lesion proliferation, vascularization, and inflammation in endometriosis using patient samples, representative cell lines, and our established mouse model of endometriosis. The results indicated dysregulated expression of key genes in the IL-23/TH17 axis in patient ectopic and eutopic endometrial samples and increased IL-23 protein in patient plasma compared with controls. In vitro studies using primary human TH cells determined that rIL-23 mixture treatment increased pathogenic TH17 cell frequency. Similarly, rIL-23 treatment of cell lines (12Z cells, EECCs, HUVECs, and hESCs) representative of the endometriotic lesion microenvironment increased cytokines and growth factors, which play a role in lesion establishment and maintenance. In a syngeneic mouse model of endometriosis, rIL-23 treatment altered numbers of myeloid and T cell subsets in peritoneal fluid and increased giant cells within the lesion. Lesions from rIL-23–treated mice did not reveal significant alterations in proliferation/vascularization, although trends of increased proliferation and vascularization were observed. Collectively, these findings provide insights into the impact of the IL-23/TH17 axis on local immune dysfunction and broadly on endometriosis pathophysiology.