bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[Retracted] The Importance of Traditional Sports into College Physical Education Based on Big Data Dynamic Programming Algorithm
Authors: Zheng Zhibin
Published: October 2021

Physical education teaching is conducive to the cultivation of students’ lifelong sports consciousness, which can improve students’ health and enhance their physique. In order to explore the importance of traditional sports based on big data dynamic programming algorithm into college physical education, the video action recognition and segmentation technology based on big data dynamic programming algorithm is designed. The complex actions in traditional sports teaching video are divided into a series of atomic actions with single semantics. The human action results are modeled according to the relationship between complex actions and atomic actions, and the actions are completed, and the changes of students’ sports level were compared under different teaching modes. Compared with the no segment method, the average accuracy of the experimental design method increased by 2.80% and 3.50%, respectively, and the action recognition rate increased by 11.50%, 8.40%, 13.60%, 13.50%, and 13.60%, respectively. Before and after the experiment, there was a significant difference in the performance of the experimental group (P = 0.021 < 0.05). The results show that the traditional sports teaching mode based on video action recognition technology of big data dynamic programming algorithm can effectively improve the teaching quality of sports teaching. This research has a certain reference value to promote the current physical education teaching reform policy.
Identification of Novel GCK and HNF4α Gene Variants in Japanese Pediatric Patients with Onset of Diabetes before 17 Years of Age
Authors: Katashima Rumi , Matsumoto Mari , Watanabe Yuka , Moritani Maki , Yokota Ichiro
Published: October 2021

Background. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is commonly misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Common reasons for misdiagnosis are related to limitations in genetic testing. A precise molecular diagnosis is essential for the optimal treatment of patients and allows for early diagnosis of their asymptomatic family members. Objective. The aim of this study was to identify rare monogenic variants of common MODY genes in Japanese pediatric patients. Methods. We investigated 45 Japanese pediatric patients based on the following clinical criteria: development of diabetes before 17 years of age, a family history of diabetes, testing negative for glutamate decarboxylase-65 (GAD 65) antibodies and insulinoma-2-associated autoantibodies (IA-2A), no significant obesity, and evidence of endogenous insulin production. Genetic screening for MODY1 (HNF4α), MODY2 (GCK), MODY3 (HNF1α), and MODY5 (HNF1β) was performed by direct sequencing followed by multiplex ligation amplification assays. Results. We identified 22 missense variants (3 novel variants) in 27 patients (60.0%) in the GCK, HNF4α, and HNF1α genes. We also detected a whole exon deletion in the HNF1β gene and an exon 5–6 aberration in the GCK gene, each in one proband (4.4%). There were a total of 29 variations (64.4%), giving a relative frequency of 53.3% (24/45) for GCK, 2.2% (1/45) for HNF4α, 6.7% (3/45) for HNF1α, and 2.2% (1/45) for HNF1β genes. Conclusions. Clinicians should consider collecting and assessing detailed clinical information, especially regarding GCK gene variants, in young antibody-negative patients with diabetes. Correct molecular diagnosis of MODY better predicts the clinical course of diabetes and facilitates individualized management.
Early Fault Diagnosis Technology for Bearings Based on Quantile Multiscale Permutation Entropy
Authors: Long Yufeng , Shi Xianjun , Chen Qiangqiang , Xiao Zhicai , Qin Yufeng , Lv Jiapeng
Published: October 2021

Early fault diagnosis of bearings is the basis of condition-based maintenance. To overcome the difficulty of early fault diagnosis for the mechanical system, a new conception named quantile multiscale permutation entropy (QMPE) is defined, and a new feature extraction method based on QMPE is proposed. On the basis of the multiscale entropy, the multiscale permutation entropy for the gathered vibration signal of equipment is obtained, and the sample quantile is calculated, which is employed to analyze the weak change of the variation signal. The proposed method is verified with the full lifetime datasets of a certain bearing, which proves that signal features extracted by the QMPE method can not only truly express the bearing detailed condition changing from normal to fault but also duly detect the early fault of the bearing. Comparing with other methods for early fault diagnosis, the proposed method can advance the finding time of the early fault obviously.
Dysregulation of Circadian Clock Genes as Significant Clinic Factor in the Tumorigenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liang Youfang , Wang Shaoxiang , Huang Xin , Chai Ruihuan , Tang Qian , Yang Rong , Huang Xiaoqing , Wang Xiao , Zheng Kai
Published: October 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide due to its asymptomatic onset and poor survival rate. This highlights the urgent need for developing novel diagnostic markers for early HCC detection. The circadian clock is important for maintaining cellular homeostasis and is tightly associated with key tumorigenesis-associated molecular events, suggesting the so-called chronotherapy. An analysis of these core circadian genes may lead to the discovery of biological markers signaling the onset of the disease. In this study, the possible functions of 13 core circadian clock genes (CCGs) in HCC were systematically analyzed with the aim of identifying ideal biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Profiles of HCC patients with clinical and gene expression data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and International Cancer Genome Consortium. Various bioinformatics methods were used to investigate the roles of circadian clock genes in HCC tumorigenesis. We found that patients with high TIMELESS expression or low CRY2, PER1, and RORA expressions have poor survival. Besides, a prediction model consisting of these four CCGs, the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and sex was constructed, demonstrating higher predictive accuracy than the traditional TNM-based model. In addition, pathway analysis showed that these four CCGs are involved in the cell cycle, PI3K/AKT pathway, and fatty acid metabolism. Furthermore, the network of these four CCGs-related coexpressed genes and immune infiltration was analyzed, which revealed the close association with B cells and nTreg cells. Notably, TIMELESS exhibited contrasting effects against CRY2, PER1, and RORA in most situations. In sum, our works revealed that these circadian clock genes TIMELESS, CRY2, PER1, and RORA can serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets, for HCC patients, which may promote HCC chronotherapy by rhythmically regulating drug sensitivity and key cellular signaling pathways.
Dynamic Behavior of a Suspended Steel Space Frame‐Glass Composite Floor
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Qi Xin , Huang Youkun , Fan Buqiao , Li Xiaoke
Published: October 2021

This study investigates the dynamic performance of a large‐span suspended steel space frame‐glass composite floor (SSSF‐GCF). Both the ambient vibration and the human‐induced vibration of the floor were experimentally measured to identify vertical dynamic characteristics and evaluate vibration serviceability of the floor. Although vertical dynamic characteristics of the floor based on the global simplified finite element (FE) model of the structure agree well with those identified via experimental modal analysis, the global simplified FE model significantly underestimates vertical vibration amplitudes of the floor due to the coupled effect between two layers. Accordingly, an equivalent local FE model of the floor system was proposed and updated via adjusting the vertical stiffness of the interstory hanging pillars. It is shown that the equivalent local FE model can well predict both the dynamic characteristics and human‐induced vibration response of the floor. Finally, the effect of the damping ratio on the acceleration response of the floor was numerically demonstrated with the verified local FE model.
Clinical Impact of Nurses-Physicians Collaboration Intervention on the Treatment of Immune Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion with Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin
Authors: Chen Miaocheng , Wang Xi , Deng Peiru
Published: October 2021

Anticoagulation is currently the preferred and effective treatment for patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), but, due to the prevalence of mood disorders in RSA patients and the high number of adverse effects associated with long-term medication, effective care measures are often required. In this study, 94 patients with immune-type RSA who were admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to June 2019 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and a study group of 47 patients each; both groups received low-molecular-weight heparin treatment after admission, and the control group received conventional nursing interventions during treatment, while the patients in the study group received integrated medical and nursing care interventions. Pregnancy outcomes, pre- and postintervention scores on the Self-Assessment Scale (SAS), Self-Depression Scale (SDS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), levels of serum gamma-interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) and their ratios, complications, and patient satisfaction with the intervention were observed in both groups. The results showed that the success rate of fetal preservation in the study group (89.36%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (68.09%) (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, SAS, SDS, and PSQI scores decreased in both groups, with the study group being lower (

P
<
0.05

). IFN-γ and IFN-γ/IL-4 levels decreased and IL-4 levels increased in both groups after treatment, with IFN-γ and IFN-γ/IL-4 being significantly lower and IL-4 levels being significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The incidence of adverse drug reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Patients in the study group were more satisfied with all aspects of the intervention than the control group (

P
<
0.05

). These results suggest that nurses-physicians collaboration intervention may improve the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight heparin therapy in patients with immune-type RSA. It helps to improve patient pregnancy outcomes, mood, sleep quality, and immune function and increases patient satisfaction.
Geoecologia das Paisagens: uma análise cienciométrica da sua produção científica no Brasil (1990 - 2019)
Authors: Faria Karla Maria Silva de , Pessoa Marco Aurélio , Silva Edson Vicente da
Published: October 2021

A análise cienciométrica permite avaliar o desenvolvimento de produção científica, as tendências e o crescimento do conhecimento em uma área específica. Diante da emergência de pesquisas na área ambiental, a Geoecologia das Paisagens, sustentada em princípios teóricos e metodológicos de análise sistêmica da paisagem, se soma a demais disciplinas de atuação das ciências com abordagem interdisciplinar. O objetivo foi analisar o desenvolvimento do conhecimento científico sobre Geoecologia no Brasil, avaliando a distribuição das pesquisas por regiões e centros de pesquisa e a influência dos grupos de pesquisa na consolidação dessa linha de estudo. Os procedimentos metodológicos envolveram análise quantitativa da produção científica obtida nas bases de dados de teses e dissertações brasileiras e artigos científicos em distintas bases, que foram tratados em análise estatísticas para traçar o perfil da linha temática da pesquisa e a posição dos principais autores que contribuem para desenvolvimento do conhecimento científico. Os registros relacionados a defesas por ano, por instituições e dos artigos indicam a existência de dois recortes temporais (antes e depois de 2010); as publicações e pesquisas demonstram a diversidade de pesquisas nas regiões brasileiras e o destaque de instituições de ensino superior e pesquisadores no Sudeste e no Nordeste. Os grupos de pesquisa existentes no Nordeste exercem maior influência no desenvolvimento do conhecimento científico da Geoecologia das Paisagens, tendo uma predominante aplicação para o zoneamento ambiental e territorial.
Rate of Heart Failure Following Atrial Fibrillation According to Presence of Family History of Dilated Cardiomyopathy or Heart Failure: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Ebbesen Magnus N. , D’Souza Maria , Andersson Charlotte , Butt Jawad H. , Madelaire Christian , Biering‐Sorensen Tor , Lock‐Hansen Morten , Kristensen Soren Lund , Gislason Gunnar , Kober Lars , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Schou Morten
Published: October 2021

Background

It is poorly understood why some patients with atrial fibrillation develop heart failure (HF) and others do not. We examined the rate of developing HF in patients with atrial fibrillation with and without first‐degree family members with HF or dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Methods and Results

Using Danish nationwide registries, patients born after 1942 diagnosed with atrial fibrillation in the period 2005 to 2015 were identified and followed for up to 5 years. Patients with pre‐existing HF, DCM, and/or ischemic heart disease diagnoses were excluded. Exposure was defined as a first‐degree relative with HF or DCM. The rate of developing the composite end point of HF or death, and the components, was estimated with multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models. We included 10 605 patients. A total of 17% had a family member with DCM/HF. Having a family member with HF/DCM was associated with an increased 5‐year risk of the composite of HF/death (cumulative incidence, 9.2% [95% CI, 7.8–10.7] versus 5.6% [95% CI, 5.0–6.1]; adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.36 [95% CI, 1.13–1.64]). (HF 8.4% [95% CI, 7.0–9.8] versus 4.5% [95% CI, 4.1–5.0]); (adjusted HR, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.22–1.82]). However, familial HF/DCM was not significantly associated with an increased 5‐year risk and rate of death (0.8% [95% CI, 0.4–1.2] versus 1.1% [95% CI, 0.8–1.3]); (adjusted HR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.46–1.39]).

Conclusions

In patients with incident atrial fibrillation without prior ischemic heart disease or HF diagnoses, 1 of 6 had a first‐degree relative with HF, and having such a family history of HF/DCM was associated with an 87% increase in 5‐year incidence of HF compared with those without.
Jamāl al-Dīn al-Qāsimī’s Treatise on Wiping over Socks and the Rise of a Distinct Salafi Method
Authors: Coppens Pieter
Published: October 2021

‘Modern’ Salafis of the late nineteenth/early twentieth century have much more in common with contemporary ‘puritan’ Salafis than claimed in recent scholarship. Indicative of this is the debate over whether it is allowed to wipe over socks during ritual ablutions (wuḍūʾ), a visual identity marker for Salafis. This is a recurrent theme in contemporary polemics between the four Sunni madhhabs and the lā-madhhabiyya current associated with Salafis. Jamāl al-Dīn al-Qāsimī’s (1866–1914) treatise al-Masḥ ʿalā al-jawrabayn is a late Ottoman ‘modern’ Salafi forerunner of this debate. By placing this work in its historical context, this article demonstrates how al-Qāsimī used the issue to address fundamental questions of fiqh and ḥadīth methodology in the heated debate over ijtihād. Later Salafi editions with introductions and comments of Aḥmad Muḥammad Shākir (1892–1958) and Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Albānī (1914–99), show how his method influenced later ‘puritan’ Salafi scholars.
Growth of the Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion): Fishing for Converts, but Are There Holes in the Net?
Authors: McKinnon Andrew
Published: October 2021

This paper contributes to the emerging debate and revaluation of the growth and membership of the Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion). Building on literature which has shown that the Church is unlikely to have nearly the membership of more than 18 million that it usually claims, this paper considers evidence of conversion to and defection from Anglican identification in Nigeria. The analysis uses data from the Pew Research Centre Tolerance and Conflict survey (2010), the only high quality nationally representative survey that asks about religious identification in which the respondent was raised and their current identification. It examines converts to Anglican identities in Nigeria, as well as the adopted identities of those who leave Anglicanism behind them. The study finds evidence of a net loss, primarily to Pentecostalism. This lends added weight to the argument that the growth of the Church of Nigeria in the past few decades has been primarily through natural increase (surplus of births over deaths) and not from converts, which are a net loss to the church.
Shaping Attitudes toward Church in a Time of Coronavirus: Exploring the Effects of Personal, Psychological, Social, and Theological Factors among Church of England Clergy and Laity
Authors: Village Andrew , Francis Leslie J.
Published: October 2021

This paper reports on the effect of personal, psychological, social, and theological factors in shaping attitudes toward church buildings, the lockup of churches, and the trajectory into virtual church among 4,374 clergy and lay people from the Church of England during the first UK COVID-19 lockdown in 2020. Data from an online survey were used to create three scales, Pro Church Buildings, Anti Church Lockup, and Pro Virtual Church, which were shown to have adequate internal consistency reliability. Five sets of predictor variables were tested using hierarchical multiple regression: personal factors (sex and age), psychological factors (psychological type scores), social location (ordination status, education, geographic location), theological stance (modern versus traditional worship, liberal versus conservative doctrinal belief, liberal versus conservative views on morality), and Church tradition (Anglo-Catholic, Broad Church, Evangelical, and Charismaticism). The three scales were predicted by slightly different sets of variables, but in each case personal factors and psychological factors retained some predictive power after controlling for other sorts of factors. The results suggest that those most likely to embrace a future with a significant role for church life online are women (rather than men), the middle-aged (rather than younger or older people), intuitive (rather than sensing) and feeling (rather than thinking) psychological types, clergy (rather than laity), those living outside the inner cities, those who prefer modern (rather than traditional) forms of worship, those with more liberal (rather than conservative) views on doctrine and morality, and those who embrace Evangelical and Charismatic (rather than Anglo-Catholic) church traditions.
Toward a New Vision of Catholicity for the Chinese Catholic Church: With Insights from Dumitru Stăniloae’s ‘Sobornicity’
Authors: Stout Huili S.
Published: October 2021

The Vatican-China agreement has brought all the Chinese bishops into communion with the pope, but the Chinese church remains substantially divided. To overcome the present antagonism, I propose that the Chinese church explore more closely, through the resources of communion ecclesiology, the spiritual dimension of catholicity which privileges the life of the local church rooted in the trinitarian communion of God. In particular, Dumitru Stăniloae’s theology of ‘sobornicity’ as a spiritual unity in communion can help the Chinese church overcome its present political difficulties by clarifying the foundation and source of Christian communion, by accentuating the special role of the Holy Spirit in the unity of the church, and by encouraging a cosmic and eschatological openness in the church’s attitude to the world.
Infant Baptism and Church Membership: Issues and Ambiguity
Authors: Faber Ryan
Published: October 2021

People are initiated into the church by baptism. But what does it mean when baptism is administered to an infant? What does it mean that a baptised child is a member of the church? What privileges and responsibilities accompany that membership? This article explores discussions of and decisions about the admission of baptised members to the Lord’s Supper and the discipline of baptised member in the Christian Reformed Church in North America. Marked by a lack of consensus about the status and spiritual standing of baptised children, these discussions and decisions reveal ambiguity about infant baptism and church membership.
Effects of Liposomal Nanoparticles-Mediated miR-126 on Cervical Cancer Cells via Anti-Programmed Cell Death-1/Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) Signaling
Authors: Xu Minjuan , Huang Jun , Wang Liefeng
Published: October 2021

Cervical cancer is often treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but it does not have the advantages of precise treatment and prognosis is not ideal. Molecular targeted therapy can make up for the above shortcomings. This study mainly analyzed the influence of miR-126 on
cervical cancer cells and possible molecular mechanisms, so as to provide a reference for better clinical improvement of prognosis for cervical cancer. C33a cells were assigned into control group, empty carrier group (C33a cells were co-cultured with liposome nanoparticle carrier), inhibitor
group (C33a cells were treated with PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway inhibitor), miR-126 group (miR-126 with liposomal nanoparticles as carrier was added to C33a cells), followed by expression analysis of miR-126 and AK2, cell proliferation, PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and phosphorylation levels, as
well as tumor mass and volume in nude mice. At 24 h, no difference of cell proliferation was found (P > 0.05) but cell proliferation showed significant differences after cell growth of 48 h, with lower proliferation in inhibitor group and miR-126 group (P < 0.05). The levels
of PD-1, PD-L1, AK2, and p-PD-1 in inhibitor group and miR-126 group were significantly lower than for the other two groups (P > 0.05). There was a target relationship between miR-126 and AK2. The transplanted tumor in the miR-126 group was significantly decreased, with lower tumor
mass and volume than control group (P < 0.05). The carrier-based miR-126 and PD-1/PD-L1 signaling inhibitors can inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation.
Insight into the Influencing Mechanism of Endophytic Bacteria on the Adsorption of Heavy Metals by Plants: A Review
Authors: Huang Chiyue , Guo Zhaohui , Qin Pufeng
Published: October 2021

The research of endophytic bacteria (EB) has attracted increased attention, especially where its application provides a new and effective solution for heavy metals (HMs) polluted control in soil. Therefore, the investigation of endophytes has boomed in hopes of insight into their deeper
and complex mechanisms in the phytore-mediation process. Endophytes can not only facilitate plants’ growing and developing, but also promote the enrichment of heavy metals, so as to achieve the goal of environmental restoration. This paper summarizes the research achievements about endophytes
in recent years from the following aspects: the discovery and application of endophytes, effects of endophytes on plant growth, heavy metal absorption promoted by endophytes in plants. The study found that endophytes can perfectly symbiosis with plants. Endophytes promote the growth and tolerance
to heavy metals of plants by secreting IAA, 1-aminocyclopropane-1 carboxylic deaminase (ACC deaminase), iron carrier, biosurfactant and low molecular weight organic acids. There were other studies that showing that endophytes can enhance the resistance of host plants in adverse environments
such as drought resistance, heat resistance and disease resistance. Future application prospects and development direction of endophytes in plants are also discussed in detail. Such as (1) endophytes can help plants resist pests and diseases reflected in the competition with pathogenic bacteria
for niche and nutrients to prevent the invasion and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. (2) Some metabolites produced by endophytic bacteria can be used in medicine. (3) endophytes can effectively reduce the harmful substances accumulated in plants, and the toxic effect of pollutants on plants
and enable plants to repair themselves.
Glutaraldehyde (GLA) Loaded Albumin Nanoparticles Mediated p53 Targeting Cervical Cancer
Authors: Zhou Jianghong , Zhang Shuo , Tao Yin , Wang Jinjin , Chen Huan , Zhou Hong
Published: October 2021

Nano-albumin-mediated different doses of glutaraldehyde (GLA) were used in cervical cancer nude mice to observe the expression of p53, Bax protein and genes in transplanted tumors and explore the mechanism of GLA on cervical cancer. Cervical cancer Hela cells were cultured. 20 nude
BALB/C-nu female mice were selected to establish transplanted tumor models and separated into control group (n = 5) and GLA group (n = 15). Grouping of glutaraldehyde (GLA)-loaded human serum albumin nano-carriers (GLA-HSANC) drugs was done and separated into GLA low-dose (0.06
µmol/mg) and medium-dose (0.12 µmol/mg) and high-dose group (0.18 µmol/mg) followed by assessing xenograft tumor apoptosis, p53 and Bax expression and Hela cell cycle. The shape and structure of various organs of nude mice were normal. The volume of transplanted
tumors, tumor markers CA125 and CEA in different dose groups were lower than the control group. The tumor inhibition rate, growth inhibition rate of transplanted tumors, the number of apoptotic cells in transplanted tumors, p53, Bax protein and mRNA expression were all opposite in a dose dependent
manner. Compared with the control group, the number of cells in G1 phase of other groups was higher with lower cell number in S phase dose-dependently. GLA nano-albumin particles-mediated p53 targeting cervical cancer tumors can significantly promote tumor cell apoptosis possibly via upregulating
p53 and Bax, and increasing cells in G1 phase.
Light-Induced Heat Conversion of Gold Nanorods as a Local Temperature Probe for Chemical Species Transformation in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kim Jeonghun , Ahn So Yeon , Um Soong Ho
Published: October 2021

Numerous heat-dependent chemical reactions are involved in organismal life, and temperature is an important factor that determines whether such reactions progress. To date, ultrasound and thermotherapy techniques have been established in high-end medical treatments and are proposed
to monitor temperature changes on a nanoscale of localized areas such as single cells and to induce material synthesis due to local energy conversion. In this study, a nanoprobe that can measure the local temperature on the nanoscale is designed and developed using gold nanoparticles and thermo-sensitive
fluorescent materials. To support this concept, a polymer capable of controlling the physical properties of gold nanorods (AuNRs) is manufactured using light-heat conversion synthesis.
Improved Electrical and Optical Properties of Ultra-Thin Tin Doped Indium Oxide (ITO) Thin Films by a 3-Dimensionally Confined Magnetron Sputtering Source
Authors: Wen Long , Sahu Bibhuti-B , Han Jeon-Geon , Yeom Geun-Young
Published: October 2021

The ultra-thin tin doped crystalline indium oxide (ITO) films (≤50 nm) were successfully deposited by a 3-dimensionally confined magnetron sputtering source (L-3DMS) at the temperature lower than 100 °C. The resistivity and the mobility of the ultra-thin ITO films deposited at
a low processing temperature were about ~5 × 10−4 Ω · cm and >30 cm2/Vs, respectively, for the thickness of 30 nm. The high quality of the ultra-thin ITO films deposited by L-3DMS is believed to be related to the improved crystallinity with
oxygen vacancies of the ITO films by high density plasma and low discharge voltage of the L-3DMS which enables the formation of a crystalline structure a low processing temperature.
Effect of Biodegradable Magnesium Alloy Biomaterials on Neurological Rehabilitation of Cerebrovascular Diseases
Authors: Guo Peng , Shen Jinjin , Yan Zhongjun , Liu Kang , Wang Zhijie
Published: October 2021

Elements such as Mg, Zn, and Sr were selected in this research, and the Zn content was set to 3.8%. The relative content of Sr was determined to be 1.0% after the influence of Sr on the microstructure and properties of Mg–Sr alloys was explored. Then, the Mg–3.8Zn–1.0Sr
alloy material was prepared, and the uniformity and tensile strength of the material were further increased through solution treatment and aging treatment. When the biodegradation test was performed and the biocompatibility of the material was analyzed, the material was used in the rehabilitation
treatment of intracranial wide-necked aneurysms. In the test, the addition of Zn and Sr helped to form the passivation film on the surface of the magnesium alloy, and the second phase of the cross-section generated can prevent the expansion of corrosion. The corrosion rate continued to decrease
with time (P < 0.05), and the pH of the DMEM solution participating in the experiment also showed a rising trend (P < 0.05). The hemolysis rate of Mg–3.8Zn–1.0Sr (wt.%) alloy was only 4.54%, indicating that it had a good anti-hemolytic function and showed low
toxicity in the cytotoxicity test of the extract. The lateral wall type aneurysm model was constructed in white rabbits, and Mg–3.8Zn–1.0Sr (wt.%) was set as the stent material. Postoperative follow-up showed that the material implantation in the model promoted the complete occlusion
of the aneurysm and the unobstructed common carotid artery. The molybdenum target test showed that the prepared magnesium alloy stent gradually degraded with time, and most of it degraded after 12 months. Moreover, clinical trials of intracranial wide-necked aneurysms suggested that alloy
stent materials based on the preparation of Mg–3.8Zn–1.0Sr can help patients realize complete embolization. Although there was residual tumor, no recurrence of aneurysm occurred in the re-examination, which proved that the stent material was effective.
Application of Nanobubble-Based Ultrasound Combined with General Anesthesia for the Treatment of Colon Cancer Patients
Authors: Qiu Yanming , Li Yujian , Fan Chengyun
Published: October 2021

The nanobubble has recently become a new method to diagnose tumors. In this paper, nanobubble was prepared as follows. First, distearoylphosphatidylcholine and polyethylene glycol-distearyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine were dissolved in 8:1 chloroform/ethanol, and then PBS buffer was added,
followed by ultrasonic dispersion for 30 s, and a 65 °C water bath to completely evaporate the organic solvent. Next, 1.5 mL liposome suspension obtained was transferred in a 5 mL conical flask, with 2.5 mL perfluoropropane injected, followed by sonication for 1 min. Finally, the nanobubble
was obtained. In this study, 30 patients with colon cancer who underwent radical resection of colon cancer divided into 2 groups with 15 patients in each group. Controls were treated with sham irradiation, while ultrasonic treatment group (DUS treatment group) was treated with ultrasonic irradiation
(1 W/cm2 + 3 min) combined with intravenous injection of nanobubbles. The outcome indexes of the two groups were recorded before anesthesia induction (T1), after surgery (T2), 3 days after surgery (T3), and 7 days after surgery (T4). It was found that, the concentration of nanobubble
was 1.5 × 108/mL, and the average particle size was 457.23 ±6.24 nm. Control group and DUS treatment group had lower heart rates (HR) at T2 versus that at T1 (P < 0.05). Also, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) of two groups at T2 (89.67±8.69 mmHg, 96.24
±8.54 mmHg) was also lower versus that at T1 (P < 0.05). For the saturation of central venous oxygen (ScvO2), O2 transport index (DO2I), and O2 consumption index (VO2I) of two groups, the values at time T2–T4 were
all superior to those at time T1 (P < 0.05). Ultrasonic technology based on nanobubble combined with general anesthesia can better maintain the stability of hemodynamics during surgery than conventional ultrasound.
Patient Chief Complaint and Otolaryngology Referral Rationale: Discordance and Opportunities for Quality Improvement
Authors: Mann Scott E. , White Shelby , Officer Laurel C. , Ramos Laylaa , Hirsch Scott , Ferril Geoffrey R.
Published: October 2021

Objective:

As medical systems focus on patient satisfaction as an important care outcome, specialty clinics are tasked with continued improvement of patients’ experience. When patient expectations for a consultation differ from that of the specialty provider, dissatisfaction with the experience can occur. One source of differing expectations is discordance between the patient’s chief complaint and the clinical rationale for the consultation as requested by the referring provider. We sought to better understand when this discordance occurs, as well as factors contributing to this disorientation of patient and provider expectations in a safety net otolaryngology practice.

Methods:

A retrospective observational study was performed and records were examined from new patient consultations. Patient questionnaires, including self-reported chief concerns, were compared with the electronic referral documentation. A difference between the patient’s Chief Complaint (CC) and Referral Reason (RR) was defined as CC-RR Discordance. Medical records, pre-consultation patient communication, and scheduling data were also reviewed to evaluate contributing factors.

Results:

Of the 1155 consultations examined, 952 were included in the analysis. A CC-RR Discordance was found in 175 (18.4%) of new-patient encounters, including 117 (12.3%) that were unable to articulate a CC (unsure of the reason for the appointment), and 58 (6.1%) that stated a CC that was different than the RR. The rate of CC-RR Discordance was higher in patients with female sex ( P < .05), older age ( P < .001), and longer time intervals between referral and appointment ( P < .05). Lack of communication with the patient (instructions or referral notification) by the referring provider was not associated with CC-RR Discordance.

Conclusions:

Discordance between patient CC and the rationale for a consultation is common in this safety-net otolaryngology practice and may be an important source of patient dissatisfaction. Future opportunities for quality improvement include pre-consultation communication between the specialist and the patient and reducing time intervals between referral and appointment.
Can Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Predict Laryngectomy Complications or Survival Outcomes?
Authors: Marcus Kathryn , Sullivan Christopher Blake , Al-Qurayshi Zaid , Buchakjian Marisa R.
Published: October 2021

Objective:

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a reported biomarker for morbidity and mortality in chronic disease and following certain surgeries, has not been well-studied in head and neck cancer patients. The aim of the study was to examine the association of RDW with postoperative complications and survival among patients who underwent primary or salvage laryngectomy.

Methods:

We analyzed a retrospective case series study of patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx treated with total laryngectomy. Survival outcomes were examined using Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Results:

One hundred seventy-seven patients were included in the final analysis. The most common tumor subsite was the supraglottis (60%). On bivariate analysis, patients with RDW ≥14.5 had higher prevalence of non-surgical, systemic complications, including deep venous thrombosis, pneumonia, cardiovascular events, and difficulty weaning from mechanical ventilation. However, there was no significant difference in laryngectomy-specific post-operative complications, including pharyngocutaneous fistula, wound infection, stoma complications, and chyle leak. RDW was not found to be associated with survival outcomes following laryngectomy.

Conclusions:

Among laryngectomy patients, RDW ≥14.5 is associated with higher prevalence of systemic morbidity, but not with specific local surgical complications or decreased survival.
γδ T Cells Differentially Regulate Bone Loss in Periodontitis Models
Authors: Barel O. , Aizenbud Y. , Tabib Y. , Jaber Y. , Leibovich A. , Horev Y. , Zubeidat K. , Saba Y. , Eli-Berchoer L. , Heyman O. , Wilensky A. , Prinz I. , Hovav A.H.
Published: October 2021

γδ T cells are nonclassical T lymphocytes representing the major T-cell population at epithelial barriers. In the gingiva, γδ T cells are enriched in epithelial regions adjacent to the biofilm and are considered to regulate local immunity to maintain host-biofilm homeostatic interactions. This delicate balance is often disrupted resulting in the development of periodontitis. Previous studies in mice lacking γδ T cells from birth ( Tcrd-/- mice) examined the impact of these cells on ligature-induced periodontitis. Data obtained from those studies proposed either a protective effect or no impact to γδ T cells in this setting. Here, we addressed the role of γδ T cells in periodontitis using the recently developed Tcrd-GDL mice, enabling temporal ablation of γδ T cells. Specifically, the impact of γδ T cells during periodontitis was examined in 2 modalities: the ligature model and the oral infection model in which the pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis was administrated via successive oral gavages. Ablation of γδ T cells during ligature-induced periodontitis had no impact on innate immune cell recruitment to the ligated gingiva. In addition, the number of osteoclasts and subsequent alveolar bone loss were unaffected. However, γδ T cells play a pathologic role during P. gingivalis infection, and their absence prevented alveolar bone loss. Further analysis revealed that γδ T cells were responsible for the recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes to the gingiva following the exposure to P. gingivalis. γδ T-cell ablation also downregulated osteoclastogenesis and dysregulated long-term immune responses in the gingiva. Collectively, this study demonstrates that whereas γδ T cells are dispensable to periodontitis induced by the ligature model, they play a deleterious role in the oral infection model by facilitating pathogen-induced bone-destructive immune responses. On a broader aspect, this study highlights the complex immunopathologic mechanisms involved in periodontal bone loss.
A Quest for Passion: Understanding Precarious Migration of Young Highly Qualified EU Citizens as Lived Neoliberal Subjectivity
Authors: Simola Anna
Published: October 2021

In critical social research the concept of employability is associated with the neoliberal imperative that every individual should become a self-responsible, self-improving and enterprising subject in the increasingly precarious labour markets. Despite the prominence of employability in policies governing young people’s intra-European migration, few studies examine migrants’ subjectivities in this context. Building on narrative data, this article adds to our understanding on how neoliberal subject formations function as an instrument for governing young EU migrants’ lives in conditions of precarious labour. Central to this understanding, it develops the concept of passion to depict young migrants’ quest for obtaining work with opportunities for self-development and self-realisation. This concept contributes to the study of highly qualified intra-EU migration by allowing critical analysis of meanings given to mobility in relation to work; by highlighting dynamics of (self-)precarisation in this context; and by advancing debates on social-structural inequality among EU migrants pursuing their quest for passion.
The impact of ethnic segregation on neighbourhood-level social distancing in the United States amid the early outbreak of COVID-19
Authors: Zhai Wei , Fu Xinyu , Liu Mengyang , Peng Zhong-Ren
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has been argued to be the ‘great equaliser’, but, in fact, ethnically and racially segregated communities are bearing a disproportionate burden from the disease. Although more people have been infected and died from the disease among these minority communities, still fewer people in these communities are complying with the suggested public health measures like social distancing. The factors contributing to these ramifications remain a long-lasting debate, in part due to the contested theories between ethnic stratification and ethnic community. To offer empirical evidence to this theoretical debate, we tracked public social-distancing behaviours from mobile phone devices across urban census tracts in the United States and employed a difference-in-difference model to examine the impact of racial/ethnic segregation on these behaviours. Specifically, we focussed on non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic communities at the neighbourhood level from three principal dimensions of ethnic segregation, namely, evenness, exposure, and concentration. Our results suggest that (1) the high ethnic diversity index can decrease social-distancing behaviours and (2) the high dissimilarity between ethnic minorities and non-Hispanic Whites can increase social-distancing behavior; (3) the high interaction index can decrease social-distancing behaviours; and (4) the high concentration of ethnic minorities can increase travel distance and non-home time but decrease work behaviours. The findings of this study shed new light on public health behaviours among minority communities and offer empirical knowledge for policymakers to better inform just and evidence-based public health orders.
Examining Stakeholder Outlooks on Football Policing and Security: The Case of Euro 2020
Authors: Ludvigsen Jan Andre Lee
Published: October 2021

In the case of the 2020 Union of European Football Associations European Championship in men's football (‘Euro 2020’), this article investigates stakeholder perceptions on the ‘policing’ of fans. On a European-wide scale, the policing of fans is a contested topic. Meanwhile, the policing and security efforts required for sport mega-events like Euro 2020, uniquely planned to be staged in 12 different countries, require years of planning and enormous resources. Adding to this, the Championship's timeline was prolonged following the coronavirus disease-2019-related event postponement. Drawing from original insights from documentary research and qualitative interviews conducted before the postponement, this article argues that stakeholders strongly advocated for a communication and dialogue-based approach to fans. More specifically for Euro 2020, consistency in the policing approaches across all 12 countries was highlighted by stakeholders as being of paramount importance for fans’ security perceptions. The study thus extends existing insights into football policing and the wider understanding of security and policing in the present-day world.
Protest Structures: Responses From Nigerians in the United States to Police Brutality and #BlackLivesMatter Protests
Authors: Acheme Doris E. , Cionea Ioana A.
Published: October 2021

This study examined how Nigerian immigrants communicated about, and got involved in, #BlackLivesMatter protests and/or advocacy due to racialized violence against Blacks in the United States during the summer of 2020. Using a qualitative open-ended questionnaire, a purposive sample of Nigerians ( N = 70) was assembled. Constant comparative analysis revealed that communication about and participation in the BLM movement consisted of affective (feelings associated with protests), cognitive (psychological processes triggered by thinking about protests), and behavioral (actions and engagement in protests) responses. This process is labeled protest structures, a term that captures the socio-psychological processes that shape the communication of and involvement in protests and/or advocacy. We discuss further how social positioning impacts active participation in the fight for racial equality and social change.
Predictors of sentinel lymph node metastasis in Chinese women with clinical T1-T2 N0 breast cancer and a normal axillary ultrasound
Authors: Fu Fenfen , Zhang Yonghui , Sun Jie , Zhang Chun , Zhang Dongjie , Xie Lingduo , Chu Futao , Yu Xue , Xie Yuntao
Published: October 2021

Background

The clinicopathological predictors of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis in clinical T1-T2 N0 (cT1-T2 N0) patients with a normal axillary ultrasound (AUS) are unclear.

Purpose

To assess the association between clinicopathological characteristics of a primary tumor and SLN metastasis in cT1-T2 N0 patients with a normal AUS.

Material and Methods

Patients who were diagnosed with cT1-T2 N0 invasive breast cancer and who obtained normal AUS results between October 2016 and September 2018 in a single hospital were included. Clinicopathological data were collected to explore the predictors of SLN metastasis using a multivariate logistic regression model.

Results

SLN metastasis occurred in 26 patients (18.4%) among 141 AUS-normal patients, of which 24 cases (17.0%) had one or two nodal involvements. In the univariate analysis, tumor location, estrogen receptor (ER) status, progesterone receptor (PR) status, and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) were significantly associated with SLN metastasis ( P < 0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that tumor location in the upper outer quadrant (odds ratio [OR] = 4.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.63–12.37; P = 0.004), positive PR status (OR = 13.35, 95% CI = 1.60–111.39; P = 0.017), and positive LVI (OR = 8.66, 95% CI = 2.20–34.18; P = 0.002) were independent high-risk factors for SLN metastasis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the regression model was 0.787 (95% CI = 0.694–0.881; P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Tumor location in the upper outer quadrant, positive PR, and LVI status were found to be significantly high-risk factors for SLN metastasis among cT1-T2 N0 breast cancer patients with a normal AUS result.
White matter integrity in patients with classic trigeminal neuralgia: a multi-node automated fiber tract quantification study
Authors: Li Rui , Sun Hongfang , Hao Hongjuan , Liu Yali , Zhang Yang , Zhang Tianran , Wang Guangbin , Wang Ming
Published: October 2021

Objective

To study the characteristics of point-by-point destruction of white matter tracts in patients using automated fiber tract quantification (AFQ).

Methods

Thirty-four classic trigeminal neuralgia (CTN) patients and 34 healthy control (HC) subjects underwent 3.0 T diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging and T1-weighted imaging. The fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of 100 nodes of 20 fiber tracts were analyzed by AFQ, and the correlations of the FA and MD with the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score were assessed.

Results

The FA values of the left thalamic radiation (middle segment), left corticospinal tract, callosum forceps minor, and right uncinate fasciculus were significantly lower in CTN patients than in the HC group. The MD of the left thalamic tract (middle segment), left corticospinal tract, right superior longitudinal fasciculus, and left superior longitudinal fasciculus (anterior segment) were significantly higher in the CTN group. Additionally, the VAS pain score in CTN patients was positively correlated with FA and negatively correlated with MD.

Conclusion

Specific fiber tract nodes were damaged in CTN patients, which was related to the VAS pain score. Multi-node quantitative studies of fiber tract damage are valuable for understanding the white matter tract damage pattern in CTN patients.