bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODS OF WORKING WITH HIGH VALUES OF WATER CUTTING WELLS IN OGPM «LYANTOROIL»
Authors: ДОНЦОВ Д.Л. , СУЛТАНОВ И.А. , НИКИТИН С.А. , КУЗНЕЦОВА Г.В.
Published: May 2024

На текущий момент многие нефтяные месторождения Российской Федерации находятся на IV стадии разработки, которая характеризуется высокой выработкой запасов углеводородного сырья (УВС), низкими дебитами нефти и высокими значениями обводненности добывающих скважин. Авторами статьи описываются методы, применяемые в ПАО «Сургутнефтегаз» по контролю параметров работы высокообводненного фонда (ВОФ) добывающих скважин на поздних стадиях разработки месторождений, позволяющие увеличить рентабельность месторождений за счет организации системного подхода по работе со скважинами ВОФ и максимального продления периода рентабельной эксплуатации скважин.

At the moment, many oil fields in the Russian Federation are at the IV stage of development. It is characterized by high depletion of hydrocarbon reserves, low oil debits and high water cutting values of producing wells. The authors of the article describe the methods used in PJSC «Surgutneftegaz» to control the parameters of the highly watered fund (HWF) of producing wells at the late stages of field development, which allow to increase the profitability of fields by organizing a systematic approach to working with HWF wells and maximizing the period of profitable well operation.
EXPERIENCE IN RE-FRACTURING GAS CONDENSATE WELLS
Authors: ГАЗДИЕВ А.И.
Published: May 2024

В статье проведено исследование опыта повторного гидроразрыва пласта на опыте газоконденсатных скважин Уренгойского месторождения. Для извлечения сложнодоступных ресурсов добывающие компании должны адаптировать передовые технологии, такие как повторный гидроразрыв, и находить новые, эффективные методики их применения в данных условиях. Следовательно, существует острая необходимость в новых технологиях для повышения эффективности разработки новых месторождений и для увеличения выработки действующих объектов. Цель работы – исследование опыта проведения повторного гидроразрыва пласта на газоконденсатных скважинах. Задачи исследования: – изучение сущности повторного гидроразрыва пласта на газоконденсатных скважинах; – изучение опыта применения повторного гидроразрыва пласта.

The article conducts a study of the experience of repeated hydraulic fracturing using the experience of gas condensate wells in the Urengoy field. To extract hard-to-find resources, mining companies must adapt advanced technologies, such as refracturing, and find new, effective techniques for applying them in these conditions. Consequently, there is an urgent need for new technologies to improve the efficiency of developing new fields and to increase the production of existing facilities. The purpose of the work is to study the experience of repeated hydraulic fracturing in gas condensate wells. Research objectives: – study of the essence of repeated hydraulic fracturing in gas condensate wells; – study of experience in the use of repeated hydraulic fracturing.
THE FIRST TRUE CHARACTERISTICS EVALUATION METHODOLOGY FOR SCREEN PANELS IN THE FIELD CONDITIONS
Authors: МИШИН А.В. , КОЗЫРЕВ А.С. , ХОХЛОВ А.В. , МОРДЮКОВ А.Ф. , БЕМБАК Е.В. , ПОДКОРЫТОВ А.Н. , ЭЙРИХ И.А. , ПОДШИВАЛОВ С.А. , ТЮГАЕВ А.В.
Published: May 2024

Ситовые панели для вибросит являются одним из ключевых факторов успешной работы первой ступени оборудования очистки буровых растворов. Отраслевые стандарты предусматривают оценку реальных характеристик в лабораторных условиях, на что могут потребоваться значительные временные ресурсы. В статье описана методология, позволяющая производить оценку точки отсечки ситовых панелей непосредственно в полевых условиях и категорировать панели в соответствии с отраслевыми стандартами.Ситовые панели для вибросит являются одним из ключевых факторов успешной работы первой ступени оборудования очистки буровых растворов. Отраслевые стандарты предусматривают оценку реальных характеристик в лабораторных условиях, на что могут потребоваться значительные временные ресурсы. В статье описана методология, позволяющая производить оценку точки отсечки ситовых панелей непосредственно в полевых условиях и категорировать панели в соответствии с отраслевыми стандартами.

Shaker screen panels are one of the key factors for the successful solids control equipment application. Industry standards call for performance evaluation in a laboratory condition, which can require significant time resources. The article describes a methodology that allows evaluating the cut-off point of screen panels directly in the field and categorizing panels in accordance with industry standards.
EDUCATIONAL ISSUES ON THE PAGES OF POLISH JOURNALES IN LVIV (LATE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES)
Authors: LAZURKO Lidiia
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to show how Lviv cinema was covered in the Polish scientific press. XIX – beginning 20th century issues of the history of education in the eastern territories of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systematicity, scientificity, verification, authorial objectivity using general scientific and special historical methods. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that, for the first time, based on the materials of the studies included in the Polish historical journals of Lviv at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, an attempt was made to identify the dominant themes in the study of the history of education in the borderlands of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Conclusions. This led to the creation of the first Polish Professional Historical Society (1886) and the emergence of a number of amateur and professional journals in the field of history (“Przewodnik Naukowy i Literacki”, “Kwartalnik Historyczny”, “Ruś”). It is shown that a significant place in these publications was occupied by Ukrainian issues, which were covered in various formats – from popular science research and essays in cryptohistorical publications to intelligence, source materials and reviews, which formed the basis of content in specialized projects. The study of publications on educational topics made it possible to identify a number of topics, among which a prominent place was occupied by issues of education in the Ukrainian territory of the Commonwealth. It is shown that historical investigations of educational publications were designed to arouse interest in learning about the past, which Polish researchers perceived as an integral part of the legacy of the destroyed Commonwealth, and for many of them were a small homeland and foster patriotic feelings. It has been established that a notable feature of popular science journals was the romanticization of the past and the interpretation of education and historical memory as an outpost for the preservation of Polish cultural traditions in these lands. With the professionalization of historical studies, intelligence became more professional, and the place of legends was taken by scientific elaborations of sources based on the application of a critical method, which translated the interpretation of education into the spread of Western culture in the east.
JOURNALISM OF MYRON КORDUBA ON PAGES OF «HROMADSKA DUMKA»
Authors: BATIUK Taras
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze the journalism of M. Korduba on the pages of the Lviv newspaper «Hromadska Dumka». The research methodology is based on a combination of principles (historicism and objectivity) and methods (general scientific and special-historical) of scientific work. The scientific novelty of the article consists in an attempt to comprehend the phenomenon of historian’s journalistic heritage in «Hromadska Dumka» («Public Opinion»).Conclusions. The journalism of M. Korduba on the pages of «Hromadska Dumka» was devoted to the comprehensive analysis of the most important issues for Ukrainians of national life during the early 1920s. First of all, it was a difficult problem to overcome a wide range of consequences of the defeat of the national struggle in the Galician and Transdniestrian lands. The historian urges against national self-humiliation, showing the subjective and objective reasons for Ukrainians to lose their own statehood. He proposes to make the right conclusions from defeat and move further to gaining independence. M. Korduba convinces that Ukrainians have the fate of their own hands, soberly assess the unfavorable foreign political situation, and urges to step aside from internal conflicts and to give a clear signal to the western countries about the presence of a consolidated vision of the national perspective. As M. Korduba claims, only unity of the Ukrainian nation will gain the respect of European partners and will establish constructive relations. This optimism also marked articles on the relations of Ukrainians with their eternal rivals – the Polish and Russians. He stresses at the need to seek consensus with the neighbors by establishing an equitable national dialogue and rejecting the policy of escalating national atrocities. In general, the analyses of M. Korduba‘s writings prove him to be a talented publicist, who was able to diagnose the problems of Ukrainians of his times and offer effective recipes for national recovery.
Curso de Derecho Procesal Penal
Authors: Salorio Díaz Juan M.
Published: May 2024

En la presente obra se exponen de forma completa y ordenada los contenidos de la asignatura Derecho Procesal Penal: Los sistemas procesales penales y los principios del proceso penal. La jurisdicción y la competencia. Las partes. El objeto del proceso penal. El procedimiento preliminar: el sumario y las diligencias previas. Los actos de investigación. Las medidas cautelares. El auto de procesamiento y la imputación, el fin de la instrucción, la fase intermedia y el sobreseimiento. La acusación, la defensa, los artículos de previo pronunciamiento y la conformidad del acusado. La prueba. La sentencia y la cosa juzgada. El sistema de recursos. Otros procedimientos: el procedimiento abreviado, el procedimiento para el juicio sobre delitos leves, el procedimiento para el enjuiciamiento rápido de determinados delitos, el proceso por aceptación de decreto y el procedimiento ante el Tribunal del Jurado.
Ley de la Jurisdicción Contencioso-administrativa - Código comentado
Authors: Nogales Romeo Francisco Javier , Romero Rey Carlos
Published: May 2024

La Editorial Colex presenta una nueva edición de la Ley de la Jurisdicción Contencioso-administrativa. Dos grandes profesionales de la materia han comentado el articulado de la Ley 29/1998, de 13 de julio, seleccionando y extractando la jurisprudencia más relevante para cada uno de los preceptos que la conforman. Como es habitual en las obras legislativas de esta editorial, se incluyen concordancias al articulado y resaltado de las últimas modificaciones legislativas.
Tinjauan Buku
Authors: Bala Kristoforus
Published: May 2024

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Gruppearbejdets dialogiske rum
Authors: Hanghøj Thorkild , Kristensen Dorte Bygebjerg , Schønemann Jakob Kyu , Eskildsen Lars Bøge
Published: May 2024

Gruppearbejde er en velkendt arbejdsform i grundskolen, der både har læringsmæssige muligheder og begrænsninger. Det gælder ikke mindst, når elever skal samarbejde om at udvikle fælles idéer, hvor nogle elever let overtager styringen, mens andre kan have svært ved at blive hørt. I denne artikel analyserer vi videoobservationer af 5. og 6. klasse elevers brug af fysiske samtalekort og det digitale redskab      Google Jamboards til at understøtte deres kreative samarbejdsprocesser. Vi tager teoretisk afsæt i en forståelse af gruppearbejde som dialogisk rum for divergent og konvergent idéudvikling, der giver elever mulighed for at åbne, udvide og uddybe deres fælles forståelser. Samtidig er vi optaget af, hvordan de forskellige redskaber      kan bidrage til at rammesætte dialog ved at tilbyde eleverne roller og undersøgende spørgsmål. Vores fund peger på, at Google Jamboards er velegnet til at støtte forberedelse og skabe overblik over ideer, mens samtalekort både kan styrke elever, som har svært ved at tage roller og byde ind i gruppearbejdsformen, og virke som hjælp til at holde det fælles dialogiske rum åbent.
Biodiversity, mechanisms, and potential biotechnological applications of minerals solubilizing extremophilic microbes: A review
Authors: Devi Rubee , Kaur Tanvir , Negi Rajeshwari , Sharma Babita , Chowdhury Sohini , Kapoor Monit , Singh Sangram , Rustagi Sarvesh , Shreaz Sheikh , Rai Pankaj Kumar , Rai Ashutosh Kumar , Yadav Ashok , Kour Divjot , Yadav Ajar Nath
Published: May 2024

The earth’s surface consists of arid, semi-arid, and hyper-arid lands, where life is profoundly challenged by harsh conditions such as temperature fluctuations, water scarcity, high levels of solar radiations, and soil salinity. The harsh environmental conditions pose serious consequences on plant survival, growth, and productivity accessibility of nutrients reduces. To cope with the harsh environments and increase plant productivity, an extremophilic microbe has attracted agriculturists and environmentalists. The extremophilic microbes, adapted to extreme environmental conditions, offer an unexploited reservoir for biofertilizers, which could provide various forms of nutrients and alleviate the stress caused by the abiotic factors in an environment-friendly manner. Worldwide, minerals solubilizing extremophilic microbes are distributed in various hotspots and belong to three domains of life including, archaea, bacteria, and eukarya. The minerals solubilizing extremophilic microbes belong to diverse phyla, namely, Ascomycota, Actinobacteria, Basidiomycota, Bacteroidetes, Crenarchaeota, Deinococcus-Thermus, Euryarchaeota, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. Mineral solubilizing extremophilic microbes achieve the mineral solubilization of phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and selenium by secreting special compounds such as organic acid, exopolysaccharides, and different enzymes. Consequently, extremophilic microbes are becoming increasingly important in agriculture, industries and environmental biotechnology as well, paving the way for novel sequencing technologies and “metaomics” methods, including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics. The extremophilic microbial diversity and their biotechnological application in agriculture and industrial applications will be a milestone for future needs. The present review deals with biodiversity, mechanisms and potential biotechnological applications of minerals solubilizing extremophilic microbes.
Power Summation in an Open Resonator with Aperture Coupling Elements
Authors: Kuzmichev Igor K. , Muzychishin Bogdan I. , Popkov Aleksey Y. , Mizrakhy Sergey V.
Published: May 2024

The paper considers the powers summation of two sources in a hemispherical open resonator (OR). A scheme with a E- tee waveguide was used. The study was carried out in the four-millimeter wavelength range. In the resonator, the first highest axially-asymmetric ТЕМ10q mode is excited with the help of aperture coupling elements. The coupling elements are pyramidal horns located in the center of a flat mirror, with apertures of 6.9×9.6 mm and length of 85 mm. There are one-dimensional E- polarized diffraction gratings with periods of 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm in the apertures of the coupling elements. It is shown that the maximum power summation coefficient of two sources in an OR using aperture coupling elements, in the apertures of which a one-dimensional diffraction grating with a period of 0.6 mm is located, is 90%. The high excitation efficiency in the resonator of the TEM10q mode with the help of aperture coupling elements ensures the angular selection of the oscillation spectrum of such a resonant system. It has been established that to sum the powers of two sources in the OR, it is advisable to use not the TEM10q mode but TEM20q.
Reconfigurable Metamaterial Antenna based an Electromagnetic Ground Plane Defects for Modern Wireless Communication Devices
Authors: Elwi T. A. , Al-Shaikhli A. A. M. , Al-Khaylani H. H. , Abdulsattar R. K.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, a design of a microstrip antenna based on metamaterial (MTM) and electromagnetic band gap (EBG) arrays. The patch is structured from 5×3 MTM array to enhance the antenna bandwidth gain product. The individual unit cell is structured as a split ring (SRR) with a T-resonator. The ground plane is defected with an EBG to suppress the surface waves diffraction from the substrate edges. The antenna is printed on a Roger substrate with permittivity of 10.2 and 1 mm thickness. It is found that the proposed antenna provides a frequency resonance around 2.45 GHz and 3.5 GHz with another band between 4.6 GHz to 5.6 GHz which are very suitable for Wi-Fi and 5G networks. Nevertheless, the antenna gain is found to vary from 3.5 dBi to less than 6 dBi. The antenna size is reduced enough to λ/5 of the guided wavelength to fit an area of 12 mm×20 mm. The proposed antenna performance is controlled with two PIN diodes for reconfiguration process. The antenna frequency resonance bands are found to be well controlled by stopping the current motion at the particular band. The antenna is fabricated and tested experimentally. Finally, the simulated results are compared to those obtained from measurements to provide an excellent agreement to each other with error of less than 3%.
Erector spinae plane block versus paravertebral block on postoperative quality of recovery in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yang Guanyu , Wang Pengfei , Yin Yue , Qu Huan , Zhao Xin , Jin Xiaogao , Chu Qinjun
Published: May 2024

Purpose

To compare the impact of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and paravertebral block (PVB) on the quality of postoperative recovery (QoR) of patients following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Methods

A total of 110 patients who underwent elective LSG under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to receive either ultrasound-guided bilateral ESPB or PVB at T8 levels. Before anesthesia induction, 40 mL of 0.33% ropivacaine was administered. The primary outcome was the QoR-15 score at 24 hours postoperatively.

Results

At 24 hours postoperatively, the QoR-15 score was comparable between the ESPB and PVB groups (131 (112–140) vs. 124 (111–142.5), P = 0.525). Consistently, there was no significant difference in QoR-15 scores at 48 hours postoperatively, numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores at any postoperative time points, time to first ambulation, time to first anal exhaust, postoperative cumulative oxycodone consumption, and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) between the two groups (all P > 0.05). No nerve block-related complications were observed in either group.

Conclusion

In patients undergoing LSG, preoperative bilateral ultrasound-guided ESPB yields comparable postoperative recovery to preoperative bilateral ultrasound-guided PVB.
A new species of Olearia (Asteraceae: Astereae) from the Australian Capital Territory and adjacent New South Wales
Authors: Albrecht David , Bruhl Jeremy , Lepschi Brendan , Schmidt-Lebuhn Alexander , Telford Ian
Published: May 2024

Olearia heloderma Albr. & I. Telford , sp. nov., a distinctive species from the mountainous region near the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales border is described and illustrated, with notes on distribution, habitat, conservation status, relationships and features distinguishing it from other species of Olearia.
Comparative Analysis of Consumer Preferences and Nutritional Composition of Wild and Farmed African Giant Rat. (Cricetomys gambianus) in Mampong Ashanti of Ghana
Authors: Cudjoe F. N. , Duodu A. , Dotser J. K. , Kwenin W. K. J.
Published: May 2024

The African giant rat is one of Ghana's most common animals sought after as a source of meat (game). Local hunters use unhealthy means to hunt these animals, so attempts have been made to domesticate African giant rats in Ghana. Nevertheless, certain local consumers have articulated concerns, suggesting that wild giant rats' meat is more tender and leaner than those domestically farmed. The study was carried out to investigate consumer preference, sensory attributes, proximate composition, and acceptability of meats from wild and farmed African giant rats in Mampong Ashanti municipality in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The study was conducted from November to December 2023. A survey was carried out among the residents of Asante Mampong using a structured questionnaire, with 500 individuals aged 20 years and older randomly selected to participate. Twenty (20) animals comprising ten (10) wild and ten (10) farmed African giant rats were used for the sensory and proximate analyses in a completely randomised design. Statistical Package for Social Sciences software was used for data analysis. Most participants (57%) preferred meat from wild African giant rats to their farmed counterparts, while only 7% indicated an equal fondness for both. Respondents with Islamic faith showed a preference for the meat of farmed African giant rats because of halal slaughter. The proximate composition of the raw giant rat meat was not affected by the sex since the values were very similar. However, wild African giant rat meat showed significantly (P =0.05) better proximate composition than the farmed ones. Except for meat colour and tenderness, meat from wild giant rats showed significantly (P = 0.05) better sensory properties than the meat from the farmed animals. This study concludes that meat sourced from giant African rats raised on farms is safer, has an impressive protein content, and has moderate fat levels.
Parental Involvement and Classroom Climate as Predictors of Metacognitive Skills in English Subjects among Junior High School Students
Authors: Leopardas Reanne D. , Rosil Cindy B.
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to investigate whether parental involvement and classroom climate significantly predict metacognitive skills among junior high school students in public secondary institutions in Davao City, Philippines. Employing a descriptive-correlational research design, standardized questionnaires were administered through face-to-face surveys to 200 junior high school students The mean, standard deviation (SD), Pearson product-moment correlation, as well as simple and multiple linear regression analyses were utilized for data analysis. The findings revealed that the extent of parental involvement, classroom climate, and metacognitive skills were described as extensive. Correlation analysis indicated significant relationships between parental involvement, classroom climate, and metacognitive skills. Furthermore, parental involvement and classroom climate significantly influenced the metacognitive skills of junior high school students. It is recommended that educators and policymakers prioritize initiatives to enhance parental involvement and foster positive classroom climates. Additionally, interventions aimed at improving metacognitive skills may be integrated into educational programs.
Examining Teachers' Perspectives on Implementing Team Teaching in a Secondary School Setting in Leribe, Lesotho
Authors: Mokhets’engoane Setho John , Mokati Masehlabaka , Kurata Lehlohonolo
Published: May 2024

As secondary education globally continues to evolve, teachers are confronted with the ongoing challenge of integrating instructional strategies that best suit the interests of 21st-century students. In navigating this educational shift and trying to enhance the learning experiences of students in contemporary classrooms, team teaching has emerged as a pedagogical approach that fosters collaboration among educators. This qualitative case study investigated teachers' perspectives on implementing team teaching in a secondary school setting in Lesotho. Guided by Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, the study explored two primary research questions: (1) What are the teachers’ beliefs/attitudes towards team teaching instructional strategy? (2) What are the factors that contribute to teachers' perceptions of the effectiveness and feasibility of team teaching? A purposive sample of eight teachers participated in the study. Findings revealed that teachers hold positive attitudes towards the implementation of team teaching, citing benefits such as student engagement, effective differentiated instruction, and improved academic performance among others. Moreover, factors contributing to teachers' perceptions of team teaching effectiveness included collaboration, team spirit, trust, and administrative support. The study recommends Continuous Professional Development (CPD) to equip teachers with the necessary skills and strategies for effective team teaching and the researchers also recommend implementing mechanisms for ongoing evaluation and feedback to assess the effectiveness of team teaching initiatives.
Approximate Solutions for Non-Linear Evolution Stochastic Equations with Variations of Drift Parameters
Authors: Azor, P. A.  , Annorzie, M. N.  , Amadi, I. U.
Published: May 2024

This paper considered system of stochastic differential equations with emphasis on variations of drift parameters as it affects financial markets. The Ito’s method was applied in solving the problems analytically which resulted to three different investment solutions accordingly. The appropriate conditions were accomplished which controlled various drift parameters in the assessment financial markets. Hence, the impressions on each solution of investors in financial markets were analyzed graphically. Finally, the influences of the relevant parameters of stochastic variables were effectively discussed all in this paper.
The Impact of an Earthworm Digestion on the Chemical Compositions of Various Clay Minerals from Soils
Authors: Semhi Khadija , Clauer Norbert
Published: May 2024

Aims: The impact of living organisms activities in soils may generate various chemical and mineralogical changes. The objective of this study is to estimate the impact of earthworms on the chemistry of soil minerals such as the clay minerals.
Study Design: An experiment was carried out integrating earthworms and clay minerals. The modifications due to this interaction between minerals and organic matter induced by earthworms’ digestion are discussed.
Place and Duration of Study: Institut des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Environnement (UdS/CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. Eight weeks of experiment for each type of clay.
Methodology: The earthworm Lumbricus terrestris was used for digestion of illite and various smectite-type minerals, with or without peat moss, during a laboratory experiment at a constant temperature of 20°C during 8 weeks and under artificial 12 hour-light and 12 hour-dark cycles, for each digestion cycle.
Results: The chemical elements extracted from smectites by the earthworm digestion appear to be mineral dependent. The behavior of K and radiogenic 40Ar is more dictated by the type of digested mineral than by the digestion process itself. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the acid leachates of the nontronite and peat mixture, before and after digestion, suggests that half of the digested                    matter corresponds to the digestive action of the earthworms, with the second half resulting from food. Digested clay material represents up to 30% and the peat moss the remainder of the mixtures.
Conclusion: This study highlights the role of organic compounds generated by earthworms activities in transfer of elements to surface waters and soil fluids.
Design, Fabrication and Monitoring of Automated Polyhouse
Authors: Ayan Aryan , Shesh Ranjan , Sonu Kumar , Soumalya Sau , Amol Prakash , Kamlesh Lal
Published: May 2024

The agriculture sector faces the challenge of feeding a growing population while dealing with the effects of climate change. With the limited expansion of cropland, agriculture automation has become necessary. Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have made significant strides in various industries, including agriculture. These digital technologies offer smart systems that can monitor, control, and visualize farm operations in realtime, approaching human expertise. The potential applications of IoT and AI in agriculture include smart machinery, irrigation systems, pest control, crop monitoring, and more. Automated polyhouses equipped with IoT and AI components can optimize crop conditions, enhancing yield and quality while minimizing climate impacts. Over the past decade, research in this field has matured, transitioning from conceptual stages to implementation. The integration of AI and IoT into agriculture practices poses technical challenges, but understanding these technologies will facilitate their adoption and the development of IoT and AI-based solutions in farming.
Animal Welfare: Reflections and Ethical Implications of Animal Biotechnology
Authors: Basak Gourab , Kaur Simranpreet , Sharma Ambika , Kumar Ashish
Published: May 2024

When adopting diverse biotechnology technologies to boost farm animal productivity, animal welfare is always prioritized. Various measures can be used to determine how excellent or awful ethical procedures are. We need to develop some strategies for assessing welfare. The purpose of this paper is to provide a quick overview of both the bad and positive elements of biotechnology in animal welfare.
Pattern of Presentation and Treatment Outcomes among Patients Attending Psychotherapy Services in a Primary Health Care Centre in Belize
Authors: Olusola Oladeji , Simmons Juliet , Baitwabusa Angella Edith
Published: May 2024

Aims: To determine the pattern of mental health presentation and outcomes among patients accessing psychotherapy services in a primary health care centre.
Study Design: This is a cross sectional descriptive study with mix qualitative and quantitative methods.
Methodology: The quantitative method used retrospective review of records of 157 new clients who accessed psychotherapy services between January 2022 and December 2023 at Port Loyola health centre in Belize city. The qualitative method used in-depth interviews of 20 patients randomly selected from the clinic registers. Factors associated with treatment outcomes (discharged/ dropped out) were determined using bivariate analysis with chi-square test and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The qualitative data was analysed using content analysis and the result organized into themes.
Results: Depressive episodes (51%) and anxiety disorder (33%) were the most frequent diagnosis. Most patients (40%) were referred by other health workers, followed by self- referral (20.5%). Sixty-nine (43.8%) of the clients were discharged [ those who successfully completed planned psychotherapy intervention], 11(15%) still in the program, 45(28.8%) dropped out and 19(12.3 %) were referred for further mental health services. Discharge was significantly associated with increased age, number of follow up visits, diagnosis and being employed, while drop out was associated with low level of education. Confidence in the service providers, insight, stigma and socioeconomic factors also determined treatment outcomes.
Conclusion: The study supported the existing literature advocating for the integration of    psychotherapy into primary health care identified as the most viable way of closing the treatment gap and ensuring that people get the mental health care they need.
First identification of tannin‐binding proteins in saliva of Papio hamadryas using MS/MS mass spectrometry
Authors: Mau Marcus , de Almeida André Martinho , Coelho Ana Varela , Südekum Karl‐Heinz
Published: April 2011

Hamadryas baboons possess salivary proline‐rich proteins (PRP), as indicated by the presence of pink‐staining protein bands using 1D SDS gel electrophoresis and Coomassie R250 staining. The ability of these protein bands to interact with tannic acid was further examined. In a tannin‐binding assay using 5 µg tannic acid mixed with hamadryas whole saliva, we recently found four distinct protein bands of apparently 72, 55, 20, and 15 kDa that were precipitated during the experiments. In this work, we were able to identify these protein bands in a follow‐up analysis using MS/MS mass spectrometry after excising such bands out of air‐dried gels. Albumin and α‐amylase were present in the tannic acid–protein complexes, with albumin already known to nonspecifically interact with a great diversity of chemical compounds. More interesting, we also identified a basic PRP and a cystatin precursor protein. This was the first successful attempt to identify a PRP from precipitated tannin–protein complexes in hamadryas baboons using MS/MS mass spectrometry. On the other hand, the role of cystatins in tannin binding is not yet well understood. However, there are recent reports on cystatin expression in saliva of rats responding to astringent dietary compounds. In conclusion, the follow‐up data on tannin‐binding proteins present in salivary secretions from hamadryas baboons adds important knowledge to primate physiology and feeding ecology, in order to shed light on the establishment and development of food adaptations in primates. It also demonstrates that tannin binding is characteristic for PRP, but might not be restricted to this particular group of proteins in primate species. Am. J. Primatol. 73:896–902, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hetero‐Diels‐Alder‐Reaktionen von Nitrosocarbonylverbindungen als nützliches Verfahren in der organischen Synthese
Authors: Bodnar Brian S. , Miller Marvin J.
Published: April 2011

Organische Transformationen, die in einem einzigen Reaktionsschritt mehrere kovalente Bindungen aufbauen, zählen zu den leistungsfähigsten Verfahren in der organischen Synthese. Hetero‐Diels‐Alder(HDA)‐Reaktionen von Nitrosocarbonylverbindungen ermöglichen die stereospezifische Einführung von Kohlenstoff‐Stickstoff‐ und Kohlenstoff‐Sauerstoff‐Bindungen in einem einzigen Syntheseschritt und bieten einen direkten Zugang zu 3,6‐Dihydro‐1,2‐oxazinen. In diesem Aufsatz werden die Entwicklung der Nitrosocarbonyl‐HDA‐Reaktion und der Nutzen der daraus erhältlichen Oxazinringe bei der Synthese verschiedener wichtiger biologisch aktiver Verbindungen beschrieben.
The Nitrosocarbonyl Hetero‐Diels–Alder Reaction as a Useful Tool for Organic Syntheses
Authors: Bodnar Brian S. , Miller Marvin J.
Published: April 2011

Organic transformations that result in the formation of multiple covalent bonds within the same reaction are some of the most powerful tools in synthetic organic chemistry. Nitrosocarbonyl hetero‐Diels–Alder (HDA) reactions allow for the simultaneous stereospecific introduction of carbon–nitrogen and carbon–oxygen bonds in one synthetic step, and provide direct access to 3,6‐dihydro‐1,2‐oxazines. This Review describes the development of the nitrosocarbonyl HDA reaction and the utility of the resulting oxazine ring in the synthesis of a variety of important, biologically active molecules.
Homo‐ and hetero‐stereocomplexes of substituted poly(lactide)s as promising biodegradable crystallization‐accelerating agents of poly(L‐lactide)
Authors: Tsuji Hideto , Yamamoto Satomi , Okumura Ayaka
Published: April 2011

Accelerated crystallization of poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) homo‐crystallites occurred in the presence of poly(L‐2‐hydroxybutyrate) [P(L‐2HB)], poly(D‐2‐hydroxybutyrate) [P(D‐2HB)], and the mixture of P(L‐2HB) and P(D‐2HB) [P(L‐2HB)/P(D‐2HB)]. The accelerating effect of incorporated polymers decreased in the following order: P(L‐2HB)/P(D‐2HB) > P(D‐2HB) > P(L‐2HB) > none, for heating and isothermal crystallization for Tc of 130 and 135°C and P(D‐2HB) > P(L‐2HB)/P(D‐2HB) > none > P(L‐2HB), for cooling. The P(L‐2HB)/P(D‐2HB) homo‐stereocomplex (HMSC) crystallites, P(D‐2HB)/PLLA hetero‐stereocomplex (HTSC) crystallites, and P(L‐2HB) or P(D‐2HB) homo‐crystallites are found to be promising biodegradable nucleating agents for PLLA homo‐crystallization. The P(L‐2HB)/P(D‐2HB) HMSC crystallites are most effective during isothermal crystallization and nonisothermal crystallization with heating, whereas the P(D‐2HB)/PLLA HTSC crystallites are most effective during nonisothermal crystallization with cooling from the melt. In addition to the nucleating effect, the plasticizing effect of free P(2HB) chains increases both G and the PLLA spherulite number per unit mass. These effects result in accelerated crystallization of PLLA homo‐crystallites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Process analysis of the conversion of styrene to biomass and medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate in a two‐phase bioreactor
Authors: Nikodinovic‐Runic Jasmina , Casey Eoin , Duane Gearoid F. , Mitic Dragana , Hume Aisling R. , Kenny Shane T. , O'Connor Kevin E.
Published: April 2011

The improvement and modeling of a process for the supply of the volatile aromatic hydrocarbon, styrene, to a fermentor for increased biomass production of the medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate (mcl‐PHA) accumulating bacterium Pseudomonas putida CA‐3 was investigated. Fed‐batch experiments were undertaken using different methods to provide the styrene. Initial experiments where styrene was supplied as a liquid to the bioreactor had detrimental effects on cell growth and inhibited PHA polymer accumulation. By changing the feed of gaseous styrene to liquid styrene through the air sparger a 5.4‐fold increase in cell dry‐weight was achieved (total of 10.56 g L−1) which corresponds to a fourfold improvement in PHA production (3.36 g L−1) compared to previous studies performed in our laboratory (0.82 g L−1). In addition this final improved feeding strategy reduced the release of styrene from the fermentor 50‐fold compared to initial experiments (0.12 mL total styrene released per 48 h run). An unstructured kinetic model was developed to describe cell growth along with substrate and oxygen utilization. The formation of dispersed gas (air) and liquid (styrene) phases in the medium and the transfer of styrene between the aqueous and dispersed liquid droplet phases was also modeled. The model provided a detailed description of these phase transitions and helped explain how the feeding strategy led to improved process performance in terms of final biomass levels. It also highlighted the key factors to be considered during further process improvement. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108: 2447–2455. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stereocomplementary Syntheses of 1,ω‐DistannylatedE,Z‐Isomeric Conjugated Trienes, Tetraenes, and Pentaenes
Authors: Burghart Jochen , Sorg Achim , Brückner Reinhard
Published: April 2011

Stereoselective syntheses of 1,6‐bis(tributylstannyl)hexa‐1,3,5‐trienes, 1,8‐bis(tributylstannyl)octa‐1,3,5,7‐tetraenes, and 1,10‐bis(tributylstannyl)deca‐1,3,5,7,9‐pentaenes with various methylation patterns were achieved based on stereocomplementary CC bond‐forming reactions. All‐Eisomers resulted from Ramberg–Bäcklund rearrangements of distannylated diallyl‐, allylpentadienyl‐, or bis‐ (pentadienyl)sulfones. Mono‐Z‐configured 1,ω‐bis(tributylstannyl)‐1,3,5‐polyenes emerged from (Sylvestre–)Julia olefinations of Bu3Sn‐substituted enals or dienals with Bu3Sn‐substituted allyl or pentadienyl benzothiazolylsulfones. Related Ramberg–Bäcklund approaches provided all‐E‐1‐bromo‐6‐(tributylstannyl)hexa‐1,3,5‐triene but not all‐E‐1‐(tetramethyldioxaborolanyl)‐6‐(tributylstannyl)hexa‐1,3,5‐triene.
Metal‐Binding Properties of an Hpn‐Like Histidine‐Rich Protein
Authors: Zeng Yi‐Bo , Yang Nan , Sun Hongzhe
Published: April 2011

The Hpn‐like protein (Hpnl), a histidine‐ and glutamine‐rich protein, is critical for Helicobacter pylori colonization in human gastric muscosa. In this study, the thermodynamic properties of NiII, CuII, CoII, and ZnII toward Hpnl were studied by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). We found that Hpnl exhibits two independent binding sites for NiII as opposed to one site for CuII, CoII, and ZnII. Protease digestion and chemical denaturation analysis further revealed that NiII confers a higher stability upon Hpnl than other divalent metal ions. The potential NiII binding sites are localized in the His‐rich domain of Hpnl as confirmed by mutagenesis in combination with modification of histidine residues of the protein. We also demonstrated that the single mutants (H29A and H31A) and tetrameric mutant (H29‐32A) cut nearly half of the binding capacity of Hpnl towards nickel ions, whereas other histidine residues (His30, 32, 38, 39, 40, and 41) are nonessential for nickel coordination. Escherichia coli cells that harbored H29A, H31A, and H29‐32A mutant genes exhibited less tolerance toward high concentrations of extracellular nickel ions than those with the wild‐type gene. Our combined data indicated that the conserved histidine residues, His29 and His31 in the His‐rich domain of Hpnl, are critical for nickel binding, and such a binding is important for Hpnl protein to fulfill its biological functions.
ChemInform Abstract: Study on the Crystal Structure of the Rare Earth Oxyborate Yb26B12O57 from Powder X‐Ray and Neutron Diffraction.
Authors: Wang Yingxia , et al. et al.
Published: April 2011

The title compound, previously assigned as Yb3BO6 is characterized by powder X‐ray and neutron diffraction, 11B NMR spectroscopy, electron diffraction, high angle angular dark field‐STEM, and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Luminescence Properties of Ca10K(PO4)7:RE3+ (RE: Ce, Tb, Dy, Tm and Sm) under Vacuum Ultraviolet Excitation.
Authors: Zhang Jia , Wang Yuhua , Wen Yan , Zhang Feng , Liu Bitao
Published: April 2011

The title compounds are prepared by solid state reaction using CaCO3, NH4H2PO4, K2CO3, CeO2, Tb4O7, Dy2O3, Tm2O3, and Sm2O3 as starting materials (1210 °C, 7 h) and characterized by excitation and emission spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoluminescence and Time‐Resolved Luminescence Spectroscopy of Novel NaBa4(BO3)3:Tb3+ Phosphor.
Authors: Zhang Xinmin , Zhang Zhi , Seo Hyo Jin
Published: April 2011

The title phosphor is synthesized by solid state reaction of Na2CO3, BaCO3, H3BO3, and Tb4O7 (CO atmosphere, 700 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Characterization of Barium Titanate Stannate Solid Solutions.
Authors: Horchidan Nadejda , Ianculescu Adelina C. , Curecheriu Lavinia P. , Tudorache Florin , Musteata Valentina , Stoleriu Stefania , Dragan Nicolae , Crisan Dorel , Tascu Sorin , Mitoseriu Liliana
Published: April 2011

BaSnxTi1‐xO3 solid solutions with x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 are prepared by solid state reaction of TiO2, SnO2, and BaCO3 (1200 °C, 3 h, and 1300 °C, 4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural, Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Bi1.4La0.6Sr2CaCu2‐x MnxOy Compounds.
Authors: Li Yang , Li Maolin , Sun Benzhe , Babar M. , Qi Yang
Published: April 2011

Title compounds with a Mn content of x ≤ 4.5% are prepared by a sol—gel method from aqueous solutions of the metal nitrates followed by sintering at 840—866 °C for 10 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermally Controlled Cyclic Insertion/Ejection of Dopant Ions and Reversible Zinc Blende/Wurtzite Phase Changes in ZnS Nanostructures.
Authors: Karan Niladri S. , Sarkar Suresh , Sarma D. D. , Kundu Paromita , Ravishankar N. , Pradhan Narayan
Published: April 2011

Platelet‐shaped ZnS nanostructures undergo a reversible phase transformation between wurtzite and zinc blende phases by insertion/ejection of Mn2+ dopant ions (manganese diethyldithiocarbamate in oleylamine) as monitored for several cycles with photoluminescence spectroscopy, EPR, XRD, and HRTEM.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Rate Performance of Lithium Vanadium Phosphate as Cathode Material for Li‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Huang Bing , Fan Xiaoping , Zheng Xiaodong , Lu Mi
Published: April 2011

A sphere‐like carbon‐coated Li3V2(PO4)3 composite is prepared by a carbothermal reduction method.
ChemInform Abstract: Gas Atomization of Cu‐Modified AB5 Metal Hydride Alloys.
Authors: Young K. , Ouchi T. , Banik A. , Koch J. , Fetcenko M. A. , Bendersky L. A. , Wang K. , Vaudin M.
Published: April 2011

In addition to extending the cycle life of Cu‐containing metal hydride electrodes, processing by gas atomization with additional hydrogen annealing improves high‐rate, low‐temperature, and charge retention performance for both Cu‐free and Cu‐containing AB5 alloy electrodes in Ni/metal hydride batteries.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Activity of Zirconium Oxide Nitrides Supported on High‐Surface SiO2.
Authors: Frenzel Nancy , Otremba Torsten , Schomaecker Reinhard , Ressler Thorsten , Lerch Martin
Published: April 2011

Hydrolysis and calcination of high‐surface‐area SiO2 coated with Zr(OPr)4 followed by ammonolysis (900—1100 °C, 7—14 h) leads to the formation of zirconium oxide nitrides on SiO2.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual‐Phase Titanate/Anatase with Nitrogen Doping for Enhanced Degradation of Organic Dye under Visible Light.
Authors: Cheng Yu Hua , Huang Yizhong , Kanhere Pushkar D. , Subramaniam Vishnu P. , Gong Dangguo , Zhang Sam , Highfield James , Schreyer Martin K. , Chen Zhong
Published: April 2011

A nitrogen doped dual‐phase photocatalyst consisting of interdispersed protonated titanate and anatase nanocrystallites with the empirical formula H2Ti3O7·xH2O is synthesized from Ti(OiPr)4 in a mixture of triethylamine, acetylacetone, ethanol, and water in a molar ratio of 4:1:20:3 (autoclave, 160 °C, 3 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tungsten Oxide (W18O49) Nanosheets Utilizing EDTA Salt by Microwave Irradiation Method.
Authors: Hariharan V. , Parthibavarman M. , Sekar C.
Published: April 2011

Crystalline W18O49 nanosheets are prepared by a low cost microwave irradiation method.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Chemistry of Uranyl Halides Containing Mixed (UO2)(XmOn)5 Bipyramids (X: Cl, Br): Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Cs2(UO2)(NO3)Cl3.
Authors: Nazarchuk Evgeny V. , Siidra Oleg I. , Krivovichev Sergey V.
Published: April 2011

Lemon‐yellow transparent needles of Cs2(UO2)(NO3)Cl3 are hydrothermally synthesized from a mixture of CsCl, UO2(NO3)2, NaOH, and H2O (autoclave, pH 10, 205 °C, 96 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Absence of Superconductivity in LiCu2P2.
Authors: Han Fei , Zhu Xiyu , Mu Gang , Zeng Bin , Cheng Peng , Shen Bing , Wen Hai‐Hu
Published: April 2011

The title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of Li foil with CuP powder (Ta boat, 0.2 bar Ar, 170 °C, 20 h) followed by annealing at 675 °C for 20 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Preparation of Paramagnetic RuIII and OsIII Hexacyanides.
Authors: Vostrikova Kira E. , Peresypkina Eugenia V.
Published: April 2011

Paramagnetic hexacyanoruthenate(III) and hexacyanoosmate(III), which are interesting building blocks for designing anisotropic high‐spin cluster in relation with single molecule magnets, are easily prepared in high yields by oxidation of the RuII and OsII precursors.
ChemInform Abstract: ScIrP with ZrNiAl‐Type Structure.
Authors: Pfannenschmidt Ulrike , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Poettgen Rainer
Published: April 2011

The title compound is synthesized from the elements in a bismuth flux (Sc:Ir:P:Bi = 1:1:1:30, silica tube, 1370 K, 100 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Carbometalation of Oxa‐ and Azabicyclic Alkenes under Iron Catalysis.
Authors: Ito Shingo , Itoh Takuma , Nakamura Masaharu
Published: April 2011

In the presence of catalytic amounts of FeCl3 and diphosphine ligand PDP, oxa‐ or aza‐bridged dihydronaphthalenes, oxabicycle (XIV) or trioxasilatricycle (XVI) are metalated by diarylzinc compounds, which are prepared from ZnCl2 and arylmagnesium bromides prior the reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral Biaryl Diphosphine Ligands by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Double [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition.
Authors: Mori Fumiya , Fukawa Naohiro , Noguchi Keiichi , Tanaka Ken
Published: April 2011

The novel catalyst CDP is applied in Rh‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation and [2 + 2 + 2]‐cycloaddition reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselectivities in the Platinum‐Catalyzed Hydrative Carbocyclizations of Oxo‐Alkyne‐Nitrile Functionalities.
Authors: Mukherjee Anupam , Liu Rai‐Shung
Published: April 2011

Various nitrogen‐containing heterocycles are prepared with the title method.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition Reactions of Allenylphosphonates and Related Allenes with Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates, 1,3‐Diphenylisobenzofuran, and Anthracene.
Authors: Sajna K. V. , Kotikalapudi Ramesh , Chakravarty Manab , Kumar N. N. Bhuvan , Swamy K. C. Kumara
Published: April 2011

Depending on the nature of educts, the title reactions leads to [4 + 2], [2 + 2], and/or unusual [4 + 4] cycloaddition products.