bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Characteristics of Long-Wave Irregularities in High-Speed Railway Vertical Curves and Method for Mitigation
Authors: Jiang Laiwei , Li Yangtenglong , Zhao Yuyuan , Cen Minyi
Published: July 2024

Track geometry measurements (TGMs) are a critical methodology for assessing the quality of track regularities and, thus, are essential for ensuring the safety and comfort of high-speed railway (HSR) operations. TGMs also serve as foundational datasets for engineering departments to devise daily maintenance and repair strategies. During routine maintenance, S-shaped long-wave irregularities (SLIs) were found to be present in the vertical direction from track geometry cars (TGCs) at the beginning and end of a vertical curve (VC). In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive analysis and comparison of the characteristics of these SLIs and design a long-wave filter for simulating inertial measurement systems (IMSs). This simulation experiment conclusively demonstrates that SLIs are not attributed to track geometric deformation from the design reference. Instead, imperfections in the longitudinal profile’s design are what cause abrupt changes in the vehicle’s acceleration, resulting in the measurement output of SLIs. Expanding upon this foundation, an additional investigation concerning the quantitative relationship between SLIs and longitudinal profiles is pursued. Finally, a method that involves the addition of a third-degree parabolic transition curve (TDPTC) or a full-wave sinusoidal transition curve (FSTC) is proposed for a smooth transition between the slope and the circular curve, designed to eliminate the abrupt changes in vertical acceleration and to mitigate SLIs. The correctness and effectiveness of this method are validated through filtering simulation experiments. These experiments indicate that the proposed method not only eliminates abrupt changes in vertical acceleration, but also significantly mitigates SLIs.
Clustered Routing Using Chaotic Genetic Algorithm with Grey Wolf Optimization to Enhance Energy Efficiency in Sensor Networks
Authors: Khujamatov Halimjon , Pitchai Mohaideen , Shamsiev Alibek , Mukhamadiyev Abdinabi , Cho Jinsoo
Published: July 2024

As an alternative to flat architectures, clustering architectures are designed to minimize the total energy consumption of sensor networks. Nonetheless, sensor nodes experience increased energy consumption during data transmission, leading to a rapid depletion of energy levels as data are routed towards the base station. Although numerous strategies have been developed to address these challenges and enhance the energy efficiency of networks, the formulation of a clustering-based routing algorithm that achieves both high energy efficiency and increased packet transmission rate for large-scale sensor networks remains an NP-hard problem. Accordingly, the proposed work formulated an energy-efficient clustering mechanism using a chaotic genetic algorithm, and subsequently developed an energy-saving routing system using a bio-inspired grey wolf optimizer algorithm. The proposed chaotic genetic algorithm–grey wolf optimization (CGA-GWO) method is designed to minimize overall energy consumption by selecting energy-aware cluster heads and creating an optimal routing path to reach the base station. The simulation results demonstrate the enhanced functionality of the proposed system when associated with three more relevant systems, considering metrics such as the number of live nodes, average remaining energy level, packet delivery ratio, and overhead associated with cluster formation and routing.
Progressive Inter-Path Interference Cancellation Algorithm for Channel Estimation Using Orthogonal Time–Frequency Space
Authors: Marchese Mauro , Wymeersch Henk , Spallaccini Paolo , Savazzi Pietro
Published: July 2024

Fractional delay-Doppler (DD) channel estimation in orthogonal time–frequency space (OTFS) systems poses a significant challenge considering the severe effects of inter-path interference (IPI). To this end, several algorithms have been extensively explored in the literature for accurate low-complexity channel estimation in both integer and fractional DD scenarios. In this work, we develop a variant of the state-of-the-art delay-Doppler inter-path interference cancellation (DDIPIC) algorithm that progressively cancels the IPI as estimates are obtained. The key advantage of the proposed approach is that it requires only a final refinement procedure reducing the complexity of the algorithm. Specifically, the time difference in latency between the proposed approach and the DDIPIC algorithm is almost proportional to the square of the number of estimated paths. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the other channel estimation schemes achieving lower normalized mean square error (NMSE) and bit error rate (BER).
Continuous Electrocoagulation for a Sustainable Water Treatment: Effects of Electrode Configuration, Electrical Connection Mode, and Polarity Reversal on Fluoride Removal
Authors: Dhifallah Sirin , Attour Anis , Vial Christophe , Zagrouba Fethi , Audonnet Fabrice
Published: July 2024

Water pollution in southern Tunisia, particularly in the mining basin of Gafsa, is primarily due to elevated levels of fluoride ions. This study focuses on removing fluoride from Metlaoui’s tap water through a continuous electrocoagulation (EC) treatment. With a fluoride concentration of 3.5 mg·L−1, this water exhibits the highest fluoride levels in Gafsa’s mining basin. The study investigates the impact of electrode configuration on fluoride removal from tap water through continuous electrocoagulation treatment. Configuring the electrodes perpendicular to the water flow improves the aluminum dissolution by electrocoagulation and the fluoride removal efficiency. Additionally, the study explores the effect of electrical connection modes on electrode performance, showing consistent fluoride removal yield under identical current densities and electrochemical cell numbers. Furthermore, the study examines cathodic deposit removal through polarity reversal, demonstrating its effectiveness in eliminating deposits and achieving high fluoride removal yields, especially with polarity reversal every minute. This method proves to be an efficient approach for a more sustainable fluorinated water treatment, eliminating cathodic deposits without the need for chemical or mechanical interventions, and without producing additional effluents or waste. The optimization of these parameters not only enhances fluoride removal efficiency, but also reduces energy consumption and operational costs, thereby promoting the sustainable management of energy and water resources.
Land Suitability Analysis for Residential Development in an Ecologically Sensitive Area: A Case Study of Nusantara, the New Indonesian Capital
Authors: Arfiansyah Dody , Han Hoon , Zlatanova Sisi
Published: July 2024

Land suitability analysis is a process of evaluating various criteria to assess the appropriateness of land for specific purposes, such as agriculture, urban development, conservation, or infrastructure projects. This paper integrates multi-criteria analysis (MCA) and geographic information systems (GIS) to assess potential residential development suitability in Nusantara—the new Indonesian Capital. This study used two models to evaluate residential development suitability—a simple suitability model with equal criteria weight and a weighted suitability model using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach with two scenarios (waterfront city and biodiversity-positive city). Various criteria, including physical attributes, natural preservation and protection, blue amenities, transport accessibility, and natural disaster risks, were analysed. Integrating MCA with the AHP approach and GIS can be considered an advanced methodology. The simple suitability model is relatively more straightforward than the weighted suitability model since it does not require a weighting process. However, the weighted suitability model produced more nuanced results for the case study as the approach more accurately models real-world conditions. The weighted suitability analysis showed that most of the western and eastern parts of the new capital are highly suitable for future residential development. Comparing the Indonesian government’s planned residential areas with the result of the weighted suitability model for the biodiversity-positive city scenario showed that most planned residential areas are in highly suitable areas. The methodologies in the paper can be extended to similar contexts in different geographical areas.
Exploring the Potential of Generative Adversarial Networks in Enhancing Urban Renewal Efficiency
Authors: Lin Yunfei , Song Mingxing
Published: July 2024

As Chinese cities transition into a stage of stock development, the revitalization of industrial areas becomes increasingly crucial, serving as a pivotal factor in urban renewal. The renovation of old factory buildings is in full swing, and architects often rely on matured experience to produce several profile renovation schemes for selection during the renovation process. However, when dealing with a large number of factories, this task can consume a significant amount of manpower. In the era of maturing machine learning, this study, set against the backdrop of the renovation of old factory buildings in an industrial district, explores the potential application of deep learning technology in improving the efficiency of factory renovation. We establish a factory renovation profile generation model based on the generative adversarial networks (GANs), learning and generating design features for the renovation of factory building profiles. To ensure a balance between feasibility and creativity in the generated designs, this study employs various transformation techniques on each original profile image during dataset construction, creating mappings between the original profile images and various potential renovation schemes. Additionally, data augmentation techniques are applied to expand the dataset, and the trained models are validated and analyzed on the test set. This study demonstrates the significant potential of the GANs in factory renovation profile design, providing designers with richer reference solutions.
Life Cycle Assessment of Abandonment of Onshore Wind Power for Hydrogen Production in China
Authors: Du Yingying , Huang Hui , Liu Haibin , Zhao Jingying , Yang Qingzhou
Published: July 2024

The development of clean energy is a crucial strategy for combating climate change. However, the widespread adoption of wind power has led to significant challenges such as wind curtailment and power restrictions. A potential solution is the abandonment of onshore wind power for hydrogen production (AOWPHP). To ensure the sustainable development of clean energy, it is essential to assess the environmental impact of the AOWPHP. This study employs a life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to evaluate the environmental impacts of the AOWPHP using QDQ2-1 alkaline electrolyzer technology in China. Furthermore, a scenario analysis is conducted to project these environmental impacts over the next 30 years. The findings indicate the following: (1) The global warming potential (GWP) over the life cycle is 5614 kg CO2-eq, the acidification potential (AP) is 26 kg SO2-eq, the human toxicity potential (HTP) is 12 kg DCB-eq, and the photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP) is 3.77 × 10−6 kg C2H4-eq. (2) Carbon emissions during the production stage significantly contribute to the environmental impact, with steel and concrete being notably polluting materials. The POCP shows high sensitivity at 0.97%, followed by the GWP and AP. (3) The scenario analysis indicates an upward trend in environmental impacts across low-speed, baseline, and high-speed development scenarios, with impacts peaking by 2050. For instance, under the high-development scenario in 2050, the GWP for each material reaches 41,808 kg CO2-eq. To mitigate these impacts effectively, recommendations include reducing reliance on steel and concrete, developing green logistics, enhancing operational efficiency in wind farms and hydrogen production plants, and exploring new epoxy resin materials. These insights are crucial for promoting sustainable growth within the AOWPHP in China while reducing global carbon emissions.
Understanding the Competition and Cooperation between Dockless Bike-Sharing and Metro Systems in View of Mobility
Authors: Tang Hanqi , Zhou Dandan
Published: July 2024

The advent of dockless bike-sharing (DBS) represents an effective solution to enhance public transportation usage. However, despite growing interest in integrating DBS with metro systems, comprehensive studies on their competitive and cooperative relationships remain limited. This study aims to analyze the spatial, temporal, and mobility characteristics of metro-related DBS to explore integration opportunities. Initially, three modes of interaction between DBS and metros are identified: strong competition, weak competition, and feeder relationships. Subsequently, based on these relationships, the analysis focuses on distance, spatio-temporal patterns, and the scope of DBS activities. Results from Beijing indicate that metro-associated DBS primarily serves as “last-mile” solutions without significant short-range competition with metro systems. Strongly competitive relationships, on the other hand, are interaction patterns due to the dense overlay of metro stations and inconvenient transfer facilities and are mainly used for non-commuting purposes. Furthermore, weakly competing and feeder DBS systems exhibit similar commuting patterns, highlighting bicycling as a viable alternative to walking within metro catchment areas and that metro catchment areas should be adapted to bicycling. Mobility communities, identified as tightly integrated cycling hubs, are proposed as strategic dispatch zones to manage peak demands and reduce operational strain on DBS fleets. These findings deepen our understanding of DBS and metro system interactions, offering insights to optimize public transport operations and enhance urban mobility solutions.
Effect of Surface Treatments on Zea mays Husk and the Behaviour of Husk/Low-Density Polyethylene Composites
Authors: Alicho James , Mtunzi Fanyana Faks , Maia-Obi Lígia Passos , Okoli Bamidele Joseph , Qurix Barnabas William , Modise Johannes Sekomeng
Published: July 2024

(1) Background: The increasing generation of plastic and agricultural wastes is a critical environmental issue that requires urgent attention. Aiming to address this challenge, this study developed a sustainable waste-to-wealth system through the utilization of Zea mays husk as a reinforcing material in the production of green composites. (2) Methods: Delignification, de-hemicellulolysis, and bleaching were employed sequentially to improve the characteristics of the husk. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the removal of lignin, hemicellulose, and impurities, and X-ray diffraction analysis determined the degree of crystallinity. Composites were made with treated and untreated husk and recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE) at various husk-to-LDPE ratios. (3) Results: Mechanical characterization demonstrated that the treated husk composites exhibited superior tensile strength, flexural strength, and hardness compared to the untreated ones and pure LDPE. The treatment did not enhance the thermal stability of the composites, but it did lower their capacity for water absorption and improve their crystallinity. The economic assessment of the husk composite production indicated a total annualized cost of USD 0.9601 per kg, which is significantly lower than the estimated cost for LDPE (USD 1.2 to USD 1.4 per kg). Additionally, it has a much smaller carbon footprint compared to LDPE production. (4) Conclusions: The potential of utilizing treated Z. mays husk as a reinforcing agent in the development of sustainable and cost-effective green composites, improving their overall performance, was established. This approach offers a promising solution for the effective management of plastic and agricultural wastes, contributing to the transition towards a circular economy.
Impact of Urban Morphology on High-Density Commercial Block Energy Consumption in Severe Cold Regions
Authors: Wang Yueran , Pan Wente , Liao Ziyan
Published: July 2024

In sustainable city development, urban form plays an important role in block energy consumption, and as different environmental contexts and block functions create differences in energy use, it is necessary to study the relationship between morphology and energy consumption under the dual constraints of special environments and special block functions. Urban high-density blocks have concentrated energy consumption, high energy intensity, and complex morphological layout, but the influencing mechanism of the block’s morphology on its energy consumption remains unclear. Accordingly, this study focuses on the mechanism and evaluation method of the influence of morphology on the energy consumption of high-density commercial blocks in severe cold regions. Through Grasshopper model extraction, EnergyPlus performance simulation, Pearson correlation analysis, and linear regression analysis, this study extracts and classifies high-density commercial blocks in Harbin, China, into six basic layout types (Courtyard, Courtyard-T, Slab, Slab-T, Point, Point-T) according to their horizontal and vertical morphology, analyzes the energy consumption characteristics of each basic type, examines the relationships between energy use intensity (EUI) and building density (BD) and between floor area ratio (FAR) and building height standard deviation (BHSD), and constructs theoretical models by controlling variables to study the effect of a single form parameter on block EUI. The research findings are as follows: (1) The annual energy consumption of Point and Slab blocks is relatively low, whereas that of Courtyard and Courtyard-T blocks is higher due to the lack of open space in Courtyards and the poor ventilation in summer. (2) FAR is significantly correlated with the energy consumption of high-density commercial blocks in severe cold regions, while the effects of BD and BHSD are weaker than those of FAR. For every 0.1 increase in BD, every 1 increase in FAR, and every 1(m) increase in BHSD, the Winter Daily EUI of the Slab block changes by +0.87, −2.26, and −0.22 (kWh/m2), respectively, whereas that of the Slab-T block changes by −0.38, +0.68, and +0.08 (kWh/m2), respectively. (3) Controlling other variables, a large BD is theoretically beneficial to energy performance in the blocks, and increasing BD in the range of 0.4–0.55 has a significant effect on lowering energy consumption in Point blocks. EUI increases with the increase in FAR, while the change depends on different block types with the increase in BHSD. This study provides design strategies for high-density commercial blocks in severe cold regions. Under different layout types, though EUI shows different relationships with BD, FAR, and BHSD, Slab-T and Point-T blocks can achieve excellent energy performance by appropriately increasing BD and decreasing FAR, whereas Slab blocks need to decrease BD while increasing FAR. The patterns found in this paper can provide strategic help for policymaking and early urban design.
Spatial and Temporal Variations in the Coupled Relationship between Ecosystem Services and Human Well-Being in Gansu Province Counties and the Factors Affecting Them
Authors: Zhang Xuebin , Du Hucheng , Feng Haoyuan , Luo Jun , Liu Yanni , Yu Jiale , Li Xuehong
Published: July 2024

Investigating the interplay between ecosystem services and human well-being is crucial for enhancing ecological conservation and achieving a superior quality of development. This research examined the spatial–temporal disparities in ecosystem services and human well-being across 87 counties in Gansu Province using the coupling coordination degree model and geographically weighted regression analysis. The key findings include the following: (1) Over two decades, from 2000 to 2020, ecosystem services in Gansu Province witnessed a financial appreciation of approximately CNY 29.32 billion. The distribution displayed a notable trend, with higher values in the southeastern counties, particularly in Gannan and Longnan, whereas lower values prevailed in the Hexi area. (2) The well-being of the populace experienced a substantial enhancement, registering a 75% increase during the same period, characterized by higher well-being indices in the north, especially in Hexi, and the lowest indices in Gannan and the Linxia sector of Longzhong. (3) The coupling coordination degree between ecosystem services and human well-being escalated from 0.412 to 0.587, transitioning from moderate dysfunction to moderate coordination over the two decades. Regions such as Hexi and Gannan recorded a moderate discordance in their coupling coordination, whereas regions including Longzhong, Longnan, and Longdong demonstrated a more stable, basic coordination. (4) Influences on the coupling coordination degree between county ecosystem services and human well-being displayed significant spatial variability, often aligned along distinct geographic bands. Economic and natural foundations were predominantly aligned southeast to northwest, while investment and urbanization levels were more prominent from west to east, and industrialization levels were distributed along an east–west axis.
Volumetric Add-On Retrofit Strategy with Multi-Benefit Approach toward Nearly Zero Energy Buildings Target
Authors: Khazaee Maryam , Hosseinzadeh Siamak , Khorrami Saeed , Astiaso Garcia Davide , Ricci Mosè
Published: July 2024

Around 35% of the total housing stock of the European Union is more than half a century old. The shortage of funds for new construction, combined with rapidly changing economic, social, and technological factors, has led to significant obsolescence. Additionally, this situation makes it difficult to satisfy the owners’ energy, functional, and socio-economic needs. This research aims to develop an innovative retrofit approach that brings multiple benefits to assessing retrofit designs for social housing, with specific emphasis on volumetric envelope additions toward the nearly zero energy buildings target (nZEBs). To achieve the purpose of this study, the research through design methodology was chosen. The research methodology consisted of two phases: design and simulation. First, the design phase focused on re-designing and retrofitting social housing to address various aspects of the functional requirements in developing rational solutions. Second, the simulation phase focused on computational modeling and analysis of energy performance to assess the nZEBs target. The results show that the use of high-efficiency Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems and improved material envelopes cut electricity consumption use by 43% and primary energy use by 40% compared to the base case. Photovoltaics (PV) production can meet the total electricity demand for six months. This approach can encourage residents and tenants to actively participate in the retrofit process and increase the real estate value of buildings through improvements in energy efficiency and housing function.
Adaptive Finite-Time Prescribed Performance Control of Nonlinear Power Systems with Symmetry Full-State Constraints
Authors: Cheng Xiaohong , Liu Shuang , Wang Wenbo , Zhang Cong
Published: July 2024

Power system control is commonly based on linear controllers, where linear controllers are designed using a linearized model of the system at a specific operating point. However, when the system’s operating point is changed, the dynamic characteristics of the system shift significantly. At this point, linear controllers often fail to meet system stability requirements. Furthermore, the range of state variables in the power system is limited by the objective conditions. In addition, the power system has high-precision constraints on the deviation of the load frequency and so on. Therefore, it is worth designing a finite-time controller that satisfies the prescribed performance and full-state constraints based on the nonlinear model of the power systems. Firstly, the prescribed performance is incorporated into the barrier Lyapunov function to ensure that the tracking error is within the desired accuracy. Then, the tracking strategy is designed based on backstepping and incorporating a first-order filter to ensure that the controlled system’s signals and tracking errors remain bounded in finite time. Finally, two simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, confirming that all states keep within the predefined range.
RETRACTED: Hu et al. Hybrid Thermal-Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods; An Experimental Study for Tight Reservoirs. Symmetry 2020, 12, 947
Authors: Hu Xiaoyong , Li Moutao , Peng Chenggen , Davarpanah Afshin
Published: July 2024

The Symmetry Editorial Office retracts the article titled “RETRACTED: Hybrid Thermal-Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods; An Experimental Study for Tight Reservoirs” [...]
Analysis and Development of an IoT System for an Agrivoltaics Plant
Authors: Zito Francesco , Giannoccaro Nicola Ivan , Serio Roberto , Strazzella Sergio
Published: July 2024

This article illustrates the development of SolarFertigation (SF), an IoT (Internet of Things) solution for precision agriculture. Contrary to similar systems on the market, SolarFertigation can monitor and optimize fertigation autonomously, based on the analysis of data collected through the cloud. The system is made up of two main components: the central unit, which enables the precise deployment and distribution of water and fertilizers in different areas of the agricultural field, and the sensor node, which oversees collecting environmental and soil data. This article delves into the evolution of the system, focusing on structural and architectural changes to develop an infrastructure suitable for implementing a predictive model based on artificial intelligence and big data. Aspects concerning both the sensor node, such as energy management, accuracy of solar radiation readings, and qualitative soil moisture measurements, as well as implementations to the hydraulic system and the control and monitoring system of the central unit, are explored. This article provides an overview of the results obtained from solar radiation and soil moisture measurements. In addition, the results of an experimental campaign, in which 300 salad plants were grown using the SolarFertigation system in a photovoltaic field, are presented. This study demonstrated the effectiveness and applicability of the system under real-world conditions and highlighted its potential in optimizing resources and increasing agricultural productivity, especially in agrivoltaic settings.
Clinical Application of Adenovirus (AdV): A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Salauddin Md. , Saha Sukumar , Hossain Md. Golzar , Okuda Kenji , Shimada Masaru
Published: July 2024

Adenoviruses are non-enveloped DNA viruses that cause a wide range of symptoms, from mild infections to life-threatening diseases in a broad range of hosts. Due to the unique characteristics of these viruses, they have also become a vehicle for gene-transfer and cancer therapeutic instruments. Adenovirus vectors can be used in gene therapy by modifying wild-type viruses to render them replication-defective. This makes it possible to swap out particular viral genes for segments that carry therapeutic genes and to employ the resultant vector as a means of delivering genes to specified tissues. In this review, we outline the progressive development of adenovirus vectors, exploring their characteristics, genetic modifications, and range of uses in clinical and preclinical settings. A significant emphasis is placed on their crucial role in advancing gene therapy, cancer therapy, immunotherapy, and the latest breakthroughs in vaccine development for various diseases.
Translation Inhibition Mediated by Interferon-Stimulated Genes during Viral Infections
Authors: Smart Alexandria , Gilmer Orian , Caliskan Neva
Published: July 2024

Viruses often pose a significant threat to the host through the exploitation of cellular machineries for their own benefit. In the context of immune responses, myriad host factors are deployed to target viral RNAs and inhibit viral protein translation, ultimately hampering viral replication. Understanding how “non-self” RNAs interact with the host translation machinery and trigger immune responses would help in the development of treatment strategies for viral infections. In this review, we explore how interferon-stimulated gene products interact with viral RNA and the translation machinery in order to induce either global or targeted translation inhibition.
Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nwachukwu Godspower , Rihan Alaa , Nwachukwu Esther , Uduma Ndukwe , Elliott Kimberly S. , Tiruneh Yordanos M.
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented the importance of vaccination as a pivotal strategy for controlling its spread. However, vaccine hesitancy poses a significant barrier to achieving widespread immunization in the United States. This systematic review utilizes the 5C model to examine the factors contributing to hesitancy, which include confidence in vaccines, complacency about disease risk, calculations of individual benefit, convenience of vaccination, and collective responsibility for the protection of others. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across several relevant databases and the gray literature, identifying 544 studies that used quantitative and qualitative methods to explore COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the general U.S. population. Results: This review identifies a complex interplay of factors affecting hesitancy, such as concerns over vaccine safety and efficacy, misinformation and conspiracy theories, demographic variables, and socioeconomic conditions. Key strategies for increasing vaccine uptake include transparent and effective communication along with proactive community engagement. Conclusions: To effectively mitigate vaccine hesitancy, it is crucial to understand its multifaceted causes. Tailored interventions that consider socioeconomic and cultural contexts and prioritize clear communication, community involvement, and specific strategies to address unique concerns can enhance vaccine acceptance.
Commensal HPVs Have Evolved to Be More Immunogenic Compared with High-Risk α-HPVs
Authors: Guennoun Ranya , Alyakin Anton , Higuchi Hiroshi , Demehri Shadmehr
Published: July 2024

Commensal human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are responsible for persistent asymptomatic infection in the human population by maintaining low levels of the episomal genome in the stratified epithelia. Herein, we examined the immunogenicity of cutaneotropic HPVs that are commonly found in the skin. Using an in silico platform to determine human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–peptide complex binding affinity, we observed that early genes of cutaneotropic HPV types within the same species can generate multiple conserved, homologous peptides that bind with high affinity to HLA class I alleles. Interestingly, we discovered that commensal β, γ, μ, and ν HPVs contain significantly more immunogenic peptides compared with α-HPVs, which include high-risk, oncogenic HPV types. Our findings indicate that commensal HPV proteins have evolved to generate peptides that better complement their host’s HLA repertoire. Promoting higher control by host T cell immunity in this way could be a mechanism by which HPVs achieve widespread asymptomatic colonization in humans. This work supports the role of commensal HPVs as immunogenic targets within epithelial cells, which may contribute to the immune regulation of the skin and mucosa.
Mesocosm Experiment to Evaluate Relations between Chlorophyll-a Concentration and Water Surface Reflectance in an Anthropogenic Reservoir
Authors: Pierzchała Łukasz
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the results of a mesocosm experiment for the evaluation of remote sensing chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration estimations in an anthropogenic water reservoir. The chl-a presence in the water causes changes in the water surface reflectance spectrum, especially in the green and red part, but many factors could affect the remote measurements of chl-a content. The in situ mesocosm method of the experiment was used for investigating the spectral reflectance of the inland water surface in a wide range of chl-a concentrations. Eight specially designed measurement boxes were placed into the water. In half of the boxes, the devices to support the development of the submerged water plant were installed. During the experiment, simultaneously, spectral data from the water surface were gathered and physical–chemical analyses of water were carried out. The obtained results confirm the usefulness of the mesocosm experiment for the remote sensing chl-a concentration algorithms being developed. The concentration of dissolved organic carbon was identified as a key factor that interfered with remote chl-a estimations in the analyzed reservoir.
Development of a Constructed Wetland for Greywater Treatment for Reuse in Arid Regions: Case Study in Rural Burkina Faso
Authors: Maiga Ynoussa , Compaoré Cheik Omar Tidiane , Diallo/Koné Martine , Sossou Seyram Kossi , YempalaSomé Hermann , Sawadogo Mamady , Nagalo Issa , Mihelcic James R. , Ouattara Aboubakar Sidiki
Published: July 2024

This study implemented and assessed, over a period of four weeks, a full-scale constructed wetland designed to collect and treat the greywater for a rural household located in an arid environment typical of Africa’s Sahel region. The system was constructed from local materials and consisted of a shower room, a receiving basin, a pre-treatment filter, and a subsurface horizontal flow wetland planted with Chrysopogon zizanioides. Results showed the overall removal of organic matter was greater than 90%, and orthophosphate and ammonium were reduced by 73% and 60%, respectively, allowing for the treated water to retain some embedded nutrients. The removal efficiency of fecal bacteria varied from 3.41 (enterococci) to 4.19 (fecal coliforms) log10 units which meets World Health Organization Guidelines for restricted irrigation. Our assessment of the full-scale household constructed wetland technology adds to the relatively low number of constructed wetland studies conducted outside a laboratory setting. Furthermore, it supports efforts to promote safe reuse of an underutilized resource at the rural household level in Sub-Saharan Africa and other arid regions in the developing world, supporting prospects for using treated greywater for agricultural reuse in regions that experience water scarcity, climate variability, and land degradation.
Digital component in logistics: Theory and practice
Authors: Брынцев А.Н.
Published: July 2024

В статье особое внимание уделено вопросам развития цифровой экономики и влияния ее на функционирование бизнес-структур в условиях санкций. Автор обосновывает вывод, что экономические санкции оказали негативное влияние на экспортно-импортные операции России и партнеров, нарушили цепочки поставок целого ряда товаров, оборудования. Это в свою очередь привело к необходимости разработки новых логистических схем, реализации политики импортозамещения ускоренными темпами. Применение высоких технологий, цифровых платформ, отечественного софта позволит не только сократить логистические затраты, но и выведет на новый уровень коммуникации субъектов рынка, их стейкхолдеров. В качестве примера рассмотрена хозяйственная деятельность ОАО «РЖД».

The article pays special attention to the development of the digital economy and its impact on the functioning of business structures under sanctions. The author substantiates the conclusion that economic sanctions had a negative impact on the export-import operations of Russia and its partners and disrupted the supply chains of a number of goods and equipment. This, in turn, led to the need to develop new logistics schemes and implement the import substitution policy at an accelerated pace. The use of high technologies, digital platforms, and domestic software will not only reduce logistics costs, but will also bring communication between market entities and their stakeholders to a new level. As an example, the economic activities of JSC Russian Railways are considered.
Assessment of the interrelationships of monetary, budgetary and prudential indicators using VAR models and their use in GDP forecasting
Authors: Яковлев Н.Д.
Published: July 2024

Текущие условия функционирования и развития экономики требуют формирования адекватных оценок дальнейшей траектории важнейших макроэкономических показателей, таких как ВВП, с учетом имеющихся взаимосвязей всех видов политик друг с другом, чтобы принимать решения, способствующие преодолению кризисных ситуаций и обеспечению устойчивого роста российской экономики. С этой целью в данной работе рассматривается один из возможных методов оценки таких взаимосвязей, основанный на построении VAR-моделей, и применения этих методов для построения прогнозов производственно-институциональной модели. В работе оценены VAR-модели взаимосвязи монетарного и бюджетного показателей, а также монетарного и макропруденциального показателей. Указанные взаимосвязи учтены в прогнозной производственно-институциональной модели. На основе прогноза и имеющихся связей предложено использование данного класса моделей при прогнозировании макроэкономических показателей, относящихся к различным типам политик.

The current conditions for the functioning and development of the economy require the formation of adequate assessments of the further trajectory of key macroeconomic indicators, such as GDP, taking into account the existing interrelationships of all types of policies with each other, in order to make decisions that will help overcome crisis situations and ensure sustainable growth of the Russian economy. To this end, this paper considers one of the possible methods for assessing such relationships, based on the construction of VAR models, and the application of these methods for constructing forecasts of the production-institutional model. The paper estimates VAR models of the relationship between monetary and fiscal indicators, as well as monetary and macroprudential indicators. These relationships are taken into account in the forecast production and institutional model. Based on the forecast and existing relationships, the use of this class of models is proposed for forecasting macroeconomic indicators related to different types of policies.
Rational consumer behavior of young people in the field of nutrition: Socio-technological aspect
Authors: Левина Е.В. , Голикова Д.А.
Published: July 2024

Предметом настоящей статьи являются социальные технологии формирования рационального потребительского поведения молодежи в сфере питания. Целью стало изучение теоретических аспектов социальных технологий формирования рационального потребительского поведения молодежи в сфере питания. Методология. В рамках проводимого авторами статьи анализа были использованы следующие теории, методы, технологии и подходы: качественный анализ трудов отечественных и зарубежных ученых, посвященных проблеме исследования; методы анализа и синтеза, классификации и обобщения в выделении общего и частного в определении проблемы потребительского поведения и места социальных технологий, способствующих формированию рационального потребительского поведения в сфере питания в жизни молодежи. Результаты. В представленной статье авторами проанализированы направления изучения социальных технологий, потребительского поведения, рациональности, питания и молодежи, как социальной группы.

The subject of this article is social technologies for the formation of rational consumer behavior of young people in the field of nutrition. The aim was to study the theoretical aspects of social technologies for the formation of rational consumer behavior of young people in the field of nutrition. Methodology. As part of the analysis conducted by the authors of the article, the following theories, methods, technologies and approaches were used: a qualitative analysis of the works of domestic and foreign scientists devoted to the study of social technologies, consumer behavior, the sociology of nutrition, the concept of rationality, theories of rational choice, as well as the sociology of youth; methods of analysis and synthesis, classification and generalization in the allocation of general and particular in determining the problem of consumer behavior and the place of social technologies that contribute to the formation of rational consumer behavior in the field of nutrition in the lives of young people. Results. In the presented article, the authors analyzed the directions of studying social technologies, consumer behavior, rationality, nutrition and youth as a social group.
Content formation and research process management of economic systems
Authors: Герасимов Б.Н.
Published: July 2024

Основные атрибуты процессного управления используются в процедурах исследования, построения и реформирования структур и содержания экономических систем. Проведено рассмотрение назначения и содержания основных пространств общества и жизнедеятельности человека в экономической и социальной среде. Разработаны информационно-логическая модель взаимодействия атрибутов и модель взаимодействия атрибутов подпроцесса управления в рамках экономических систем. Рассмотрено нормативное содержание основных атрибутов подпроцессов управления. Представлена технология взаимодействия и формирования содержания основных атрибутов нормативного состояния подпроцесса управления в экономических системах. Использование методологии процессного управления структурирует объекты управления в экономических и социальных средах для улучшения функционирования современных организаций и корпораций в рыночных условиях.

The main attributes of process management are used in the procedures of research, construction and reform of the structures and content of economic systems. The purpose and content of the main spaces of society and human activity in the economic and social environment are considered. An information and logical model of the interaction of attributes and a model of the interaction of attributes of the management subprocess within economic systems have been developed. The normative content of the main attributes of management subprocesses is considered. The technology of interaction and formation of the content of the main attributes of the normative state of the management subprocess in economic systems has been developed. The use of process management methodology structures management objects in economic and social contexts to improve the functioning of modern organizations and corporations in market conditions.
EFFECTIVENESS OF RED BETEL (PIPER CROCATUM) EXTRACT ON LEUCORRHEA IN WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE
Authors: Pascawati Riana , Hidayanti Desi
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Reproductive health problems exist in Asia; 76% of women experience vaginal discharge. Vaginal discharge symptoms are also experienced by women of childbearing age (around 31.8%). Women of childbearing age are more at risk of fluor albus, which can be a trigger for reproductive organ infections. One of the treatments is to use betel leaves, which contain natural antiseptics and antibiotics.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) against leucorrhea in women of childbearing age. Method: This research method uses a quasi-experiment design with one pre-and post-test design technique group. The research was conducted at the Independent Midwife Practice in Bandung City. The population in the study were all women of childbearing age in Bandung City. The sample consisted of women of childbearing age, according to the inclusion criteria of 36 people. The data obtained were primary data from the measurement of vaginal pH with Neco test litmus paper. The data analysis used was the Wilcoxon test to test the difference in pH scores before and after the intervention.
Result: The results showed a significant difference in the use of 0.5% red betel leaf extract in women of childbearing age before and after the intervention.
Conclusion: Red betel leaf extract 0.5% is effective in reducing the incidence of leucorrhea. There is a decrease in vaginal pH before and after the use of red betel leaf extract 0.5% by 1.78 (p <0.05).
Civilización y barbarie en “El Sur” de Borges
Authors: Chen Ning
Published: July 2024

El presente trabajo estudia el tema de civilizacion y barbarie latente en El Sur, cuento de Jorge Luis Borges. Enfocándose en la perspectiva histórica, se analizan el discurso político-geográfico de la élite argentina sobre los indios y el imaginario geopolítico de “el Sur” en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. El protagonista del cuento, Juan Dalhmann se identifica como heredero de este discurso basado en los valores europeos como el único patrón de una civilización universal. Dalhmann interpreta la diferencia de la geografía que encuentra en su viaje hacia el Sur como un anacronismo en el orden temporal, practicando el “denial of coevalness”. El Sur es para él el espacio del Otro. El duelo al final de la historia entre Dalhmann y el hombre de “rasgos achinados” es una manifestación de la contradicción ineludible cuando Dalhmann se convierte en el nuevo civilizador de la modernidad.
Liderazgo directivo y desempeño docente
Authors: Rojas Tello Lucio , Orejón Cabezas Máximo , Cuya Arango Nicolás , Rivera Fuentes Wilmer
Published: July 2024

Este artículo analiza los desafíos de la educación en el contexto rural andino de Perú, destacando el papel crucial del liderazgo de los directores y docentes. Para lograr esto, se empleó un enfoque de investigación documental cualitativa inductiva, basado en indagaciones respaldadas por un análisis hermenéutico. A pesar de las limitaciones en la formación en gestión y acción educativa, los líderes escolares exitosos se distinguen por su preocupación por la satisfacción laboral de los profesores, la generación de altas expectativas de rendimiento, y la promoción de los logros de la escuela ante la comunidad. El desempeño docente es esencial en este contexto, no solo por impartir conocimientos, sino también por actuar como un eje entre la institución educativa y la comunidad. Los procesos pedagógicos, enmarcados en el liderazgo directivo, son fundamentales para el desarrollo profesional docente y la mejora del aprendizaje. Además, se destaca la importancia de la participación activa y efectiva de los docentes en la creación de un ambiente de confianza y aprendizaje colaborativo.
A coadjuvação entre a educação em cidadania e a educação científica no fortalecimento da cidadania vacinal
Authors: Judensnaider Ivy , De Mendonça Figueirôa Silvia Fernanda
Published: July 2024

Em anos recentes, a conjunção das pautas da extrema direita com as do movimento antivax disseminou a descrença na ciência e estimulou o individualismo como uma forma de desgastar o tecido social. Neste texto, propomos discutir, por meio de revisão de literatura especializada, o fortalecimento da cidadania vacinal, fenômeno que envolve não apenas a construção e a consolidação da cidadania, mas também a confiança no conhecimento científico. São dois os eixos de nossa análise: a) a formação cidadã como forma de enfrentar a hesitação e a recusa vacinal; e b) a importância da coadjuvação entre a Educação em Cidadania e a Educação Científica para o desenvolvimento do espírito crítico e da capacidade de avaliar os efeitos do conhecimento científico na sociedade. Para identificar os trabalhos que investigaram a natureza social das decisões e das práticas relacionadas à vacinação, e aqueles que refletiram sobre as formas pelas quais os processos educativos têm sido capazes de fortalecer a cidadania vacinal, fizemos uso de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental como estratégias metodológicas. Como resultado de nossa análise, sugerimos que a práxis envolvida na cidadania vacinal faz com que a Educação em Cidadania, para sua concretização, demande literacia científica; da mesma forma, a Educação Científica exige o compromisso do conhecimento científico com a cidadania global para que possa se transformar em prática e ação no mundo real.