bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tecnologia de processos e sistemas construtivos
Authors: Oliveira Luciana Alves de , Bernardini Sidney Piochi , Moreira Daniel de Carvalho
Published: November 2018

O terceiro número do Volume 9 de 2018 da PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção é composto por artigos de pesquisa e de revisões sistemáticas da literatura. Em especial, destaca-se a seção de Tecnologia de Processos e Sistemas Construtivos com artigos expandidos do 1º WORKSHOP DO GRUPO DE TRABALHO DE TECNOLOGIA DE PROCESSOS E SISTEMAS CONSTRUTIVOS (TECSIC) da Associação Nacional de Tecnologia no Ambiente Construído. Ao todo, os estudos foram desenvolvidos por pesquisadores dos estados brasileiros de Minas Gerais, São Paulo e Paraná. As instituições de ensino e pesquisa envolvidas nos estudos apresentados são: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal do Paraná e Universidade Federal de São Carlos. As áreas de formação dos autores concentram-se em Engenharia Civil, na maioria, incluindo Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Engenharia Mecatrônica. A temática de tecnologia de processo e sistemas construtivos foi abordada com enfoque em componentes de piso e de fechamento estrutural, ambos em concreto, e automação do processo industrial de aço cortado e dobrado. Os artigos de pesquisa tiveram enfoque no ensino do comportamento mecânico das estruturas e de topografia, em ambos os casos, para estudantes de Arquitetura e Urbanismo. As revisões sistemáticas da literatura abordam pesquisas em Modelagem da Informação da Construção integrada ao planejamento de obras com painéis pré-fabricados e a Internet das Coisas.
Aproximações conceituais entre informação, tecnologia e inovação no contexto das startups: desafios interdisciplinares para Ciência da Informação
Authors: Sena Priscila Machado Borges , Vianna William Barbosa , Blattmann Ursula
Published: November 2018

Objetiva-se neste estudo evidenciar aproximações conceituais de abordagens que associem informação, tecnologia, empreendedorismo e inovação com potencial de promover o desenvolvimento científico interdisciplinar. Justifica-se pelas demandas do ambiente das startups envolvidas em atividades diretamente relacionadas ao fluxo de informações internas e externas. Caracteriza-se o estudo como uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e analítica, com uso do método SystematicSearchFlow (SSF) e busca realizada na Web of Science e Scopus, em maio de 2018. Como resultado obteve-se um portfólio relevante de 20 artigos categorizados à luz dos modelos dominantes de estudo da informação propostos por Araújo (2014). Verificou-se que o entrelaçamento conceitual do tema “informação, tecnologia e inovação” encontra-se presente também em outras áreas do conhecimento, o que permite a expansão do conhecimento sobre o assunto. Considera-se que futuros estudos poderão abordar como e quanto os paradigmas descrevem, e são ou não suficientes na produção e gestão da informação nos novos ambientes caracterizados pelas startups em ambientes específicos, bem como na literatura cinzenta.
O departamento de desenho da UFPR e o ensino na graduação como definidor da sua trajetória (1974-1993)
Authors: Silva Rossano , Vaz Adriana , Kavamura Emilio Eiji
Published: November 2018

O artigo focaliza o grupo de professores e a estrutura de ensino de graduação do Departamento de Desenho (DDES) da Universidade Federal do Paraná no período de 1974 a 1993, quando as atividades de extensão e pesquisa eram esporádicas e consequentemente parte dos elementos do estudo da trajetória dessa unidade administrativa girava em torno da estruturação das disciplinas e da capacitação do corpo docente. A discussão tem como aportes teóricos a teoria praxiológica e o conceito de trajetória de Pierre Bourdieu e a ideia de configuração de Norbert Elias, no entendimento de que a história dessa instituição de ensino superior se conforma pela posição dos seus agentes dentro do campo universitário, que representa o microuniverso do Setor de Ciências Exatas. Constatamos que os professores que fundaram o DDES estavam vinculados ao Instituto de Matemática, a maioria tinha formação em Engenharia. Nesse percurso de quase duas décadas houve uma renovação dos docentes a partir de 1992 e 1993. O vínculo com as graduações, mediado pela quantidade de cursos, disciplinas e turmas não apresentou alterações nesse interstício. Entre as disciplinas ofertadas, o DDES apresentava três conteúdos básicos: Desenho Geométrico, Geometria Descritiva e Desenho Técnico, distribuídos em 14 cursos de graduação.
Docência na educação a distância
Authors: Nunes Andrea Karla Ferreira , Oliveira Alice Virginia Brito de , Sabino Rosimeri Ferraz
Published: November 2018

Este trabalho teve como objetivo delimitar os elementos distintivos da representação docente para a educação a distância, a partir da análise da legislação sobre a formação docente e do conceito de polidocência. Considerou-se a constituição do perfil docente para atuação nessa modalidade frente às imposições do novo contexto socioeducativo e os desafios para os docentes, principalmente, no que tange à comunicação e à interação que envolvem o processo de ensino e da aprendizagem.  A metodologia adotada foi pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados evidenciaram que o docente em EaD, dentre os vários atributos que o identificam, deve ser capaz de compartilhar conhecimentos, gerir grupos, ser dialógico, além de apresentar empatia, postura ética,  competência interpessoal e disposição a novas aprendizagens.
Gambaran Patologi Hepar Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) yang Diinfeksi Bakteri Edwardsiella tarda
[Featuring Liver Pathology of Clarias gariepinus Infected By Edwardsiella tarda]
Authors: Meidiza Ratu , Arimbi Arimbi , Hastutiek2 Poedji
Published: November 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan kerusakan hepar dari Clarias gariepinus yang diinfeksi dengan Edwardsiella tarda. Dua puluh empat Clarias gariepinus dengan berat rata-rata 20-25 gram, ukuran 10-12 cm dibagi secara acak menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan (P0, P1, P2, dan P3). Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan enam kali pengulangan dengan dosis Edwarsiella tarda 3 x 106 CFU/ ml kecuali kontrol (P0). Pada pengamatan mikroskopis menunjukkan bahwa hepar telah mengalami pembengkakan dan pucat. Pengamatan histopatologi menggunakan mikroskop cahaya dengan 400 kali pembesaran. Metode penilaian Bernet’s Scoring digunakan untuk menentukan adanya degenerasi, nekrosis, dan kongesti dan infiltrasi leukosit. Kruskal-Wallis digunakan untuk pengujian statistika diikuti dengan pengujian Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan pada hepar Clarias gariepinus. Kerusakan parah terjadi pada perlakuan P2. Hal ini disebabkan pada pengamatan histopatologi menunjukkan adanya lesi seperti nekrosis dengan pembengkakan sel dan meningkatnya infiltrasi eritrosit pada pembuluh darah dibandingkan dengan P1 dan P3.                                                                            AbstractThis research aimed to know the changed damage of liver Clarias gariepinus were infected by Edwardsiella tarda. Twenty four of Clarias gariepinus with an average weight of 20-25 gram, size 10-12 cm were randomly divided into four groups of treatment (P0, P1, P2, and P3). Six repetitions each those are given with the dosage of Edwardsiella tarda 3x106 CFU/ml except P0 (control). At the macroscopic observed, show that the liver becomes swollen and pale. The histopathological features of hepar were examined under light microscope in 400 times magnification. Scoring method were using Bernet Scoring Method to examine the presence of degeneration, necrotic, congestion, and infiltration of leucocytes. Then, Kruskal-Wallis test followed with Mann-Whitney test of statistical analysis. The result showed a change in liver of Clarias gariepinus. The most severe damage occurred on P2. It causes in histopathology examination showed lesion such necrotic area with infiltration of inflammatory cells and there was an increased of erythrocyte infiltration in blood vessels compared with P1 and P3.
Scorpion Body Size, Litter Characteristics, and Duration of the Life Cycle
Authors: Monge-Najera Julian
Published: November 2018

There are no studies that quantitatively compare life histories among scorpion species. Statistical procedures applied to 94 scorpion species indicate that those with larger bodies do not necessarily have larger litters or longer life cycles, opposite to some theoretical predictions.
The Retentive Strength of Laser-Sintered Cobalt-Chromium-Based Crowns Cemented by Glass Ionomer and Zinc Phosphate Cements after Pretreatment with a Desensitizing Paste Containing 8% Arginine and Calcium Carbonate
Authors: Pilo Rafael , Agar Sharon , Levartovsky Shifra
Published: November 2018

The effect of dentin pretreatment with desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate on the retention of laser-sintered cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr)-based crowns was examined. Forty molars were prepared using a standardized protocol. The Co-Cr crowns were produced using selective laser melting. The teeth were either pretreated with the desensitizing paste or not pretreated. After one week, each group was cemented with glass ionomer cement (GIC) or zinc phosphate cement (ZPC). Surface areas of the teeth were measured before cementation. After aging, the cemented crown-tooth assemblies were tested for retentive strength using a universal testing machine. The debonded surfaces of the teeth and crowns were examined at 2.7× magnification. Pretreating the dentin surfaces with the desensitizing paste before cementation with GIC or ZPC did not affect the retention of the Co-Cr crowns. The retention of the GIC group (6.04±1.10 MPa) was significantly higher than that of the ZPC group (2.75±1.25 MPa). The predominant failure mode for the ZPC and for the nontreated group of the GIC was adhesive cement-dentin; for the GIC-treated group, it was adhesive cement-crown. The desensitizing paste can be safely used to reduce postcementation sensitivity without reducing the retentive strength of Co-Cr crowns cemented with GIC or ZPC.
Microplastics in Freshwater Systems: A Review on Its Accumulation and Effects on Fishes
Authors: Raza Asif
Published: November 2018

Plastic production is escalating tremendously throughout the globe and the reason behind this is its durability and multipurpose utility. But there is a severe scarcity of its management. Tonnes of plastics are dumped into water bodies across the world. These plastics breakdown because of different reasons and results in the plastic debris of size <5mm termed as microplastics (MPs) which are hazardous to aquatic life. They are a potential source of toxins as they offer a large surface area to various chemicals present in the water body when these MPs are ingested by fishes it causes serious health issues leading to mortality of the fishes. Therefore, we comprehensively reviewed the sources of MPs in freshwater systems and its various types and how they get accumulated inside the body of fishes. We found that fishes ingest these particles by mistaken for food or accumulated these particles by consuming from lower trophic organisms. Some of the commonly studied MPs are PE, PS, and PVC, examined from the body of fishes. MPs can cause various ecotoxicological effects on fishes like behavioral change, cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity effects, and liver stress etc. Our review study finds that there is a paucity of information on the accumulation of MPs by freshwater fishes and there are very few studies on its effects also there is a debate whether this accumulation is subjected to the bio-magnification process which ultimately affects human life.
Unification of Thermo Field Kinetic and Hydrodynamics Approaches in Theory of Dense Quantum–Field Systems
Authors: Tokarchuk Mykhailo , Hlushak Petro
Published: November 2018

A formulation of nonequilibrium thermo field dynamics has been performed using the nonequilibrium statistical operator method by D.N. Zubarev. Generalized transfer equations for a consistent description of kinetics and hydrodynamics of the dense quantum-field system with strongly coupled states are derived.
Myomirnas Role in Als Suggest a Crosstalk between Muscle and Motor Neuron
Authors: Pegoraro Valentina , Merico Antonio , Angelini Corrado
Published: November 2018

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder caused by degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. The disease process leads from lower motor neuron involvement to progressive muscle atrophy, weakness, fasciculations for the upper motor neuron involvement to spasticity. Muscle atrophy in ALS is caused by a dysregulation in the molecular network controlling fast and slow muscle fibres. Denervation and reinnervation processes in skeletal muscle occur in the course of ALS and are modulated by rehabilitation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that modulate a wide range of biological functions under various pathophysiological conditions. MiRNAs can be secreted by various cell types and they are markedly stable in body fluids. MiR-1, miR-133 a, miR-133b, and miR-206 are called “myomiRs” and are considered markers of myogenesis during muscle regeneration and neuromuscular junction stabilization or sprouting. We observed a positive effect of a standard aerobic exercise rehabilitative protocol conducted for six weeks in 18 ALS patients during hospitalization in our center. We correlated clinical scales with molecular data on myomiRs. After six weeks of moderate aerobic exercise, myomiRNAs were down-regulated, suggesting an active proliferation of satellite cells in muscle and increased neuromuscular junctions. Our data suggest that circulating miRNAs modulate during skeletal muscle recovery in response to physical rehabilitation in ALS.
FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE NA ERA DA MOBILIDADE: METODOLOGIAS E APLICATIVOS PARA ENVOLVER OS ALUNOS RENTABILIZANDO OS SEUS DISPOSITIVOS MÓVEIS
Authors: Carvalho Ana Amélia Amorim
Published: November 2018

Os dispositivos móveis possibilitam que a aprendizagem possa ocorrer a qualquer hora e em qualquer lugar, tornando o mobile learning uma realidade. Saber rentabilizar os dispositivos móveis dos alunos na sala de aula é um requisito imprescindível na formação inicial e contínua de professores. Por outro lado, os alunos estão habituados a uma interação constante e ao feedback imediato, tendo dificuldade em manter a atenção na aula. As metodologias ativas são uma opção adequada e envolvente. Neste contexto, damos particular atenção à aula invertida e à instrução entre pares; aos jogos sérios e à gamificação. De seguida, abordamos aplicativos para dispositivos móveis com diferentes propósitos educativos. Por fim, salientamos que para além da formação, na escola é necessário haver acompanhamento técnico-pedagógico dos professores e na adoção da tecnologia móvel na sala de aula é determinante o papel do Diretor da escola.
SISTEMAS MUNICIPAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO: AUTONOMIA E GESTÃO DEMOCRÁTICA COMO PREMISSAS
Authors: Cardoso Maria José Pires Barros , Colares Maria Lília Imbiriba Souza
Published: November 2018

Este artigo decorre do projeto de pesquisa intitulado: “Gestão democrática do ensino público: mapeamento das bases normativas e das condições político-institucionais dos sistemas municipais na mesorregião Oeste do Maranhão[1]”. As questões e inferências aqui apresentadas decorrem de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Discorre-se sobre questões teóricas e legais que fundamentam a concepção de sistema educacional, a autonomia municipal e a gestão democrática como premissas, que orientam a criação dos seus Sistemas Municipais de Educação (SME). A priori conclui-se que embora os municípios gozem da prerrogativa de criarem seus SME, muitos ainda não os constituíram, a exemplo do Estado do Maranhão, que apenas 28 foram identificados com leis aprovadas, abstendo-se da possibilidade de definirem e normatizarem suas diretrizes educacionais, bem como, terem os Conselhos Municipais de Educação (CME) como instâncias legítimas para contribuírem com a elaboração, acompanhamento e avaliação da política educacional municipal, ensejando práticas participativas e descentralização do poder local. Palavras-chave: Sistema Municipal. Autonomia. Gestão Democrática.[1] Projeto financiado pela CAPES e pela FAPEMA.
EU NARRO. QUER NARRAR COMIGO? NOVAS FORMAS DE LEITURA E ESCRITA COM IMPLICAÇÕES NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE
Authors: Conceição Veronica dos Santos , Porto Cristiane de Magalhães , Oliveira Kaio Eduardo de Jesus
Published: November 2018

O artigo tem como objetivo discutir a estrutura de narrativas interativas produzidas em ambientes digitais on-line a partir dos conceitos aristotélicos de mimeses, catarse e poiesis. Para isso, se estabelece algumas comparações com a estrutura das narrativas literárias tradicionais e apresenta-se as narrativas ficcionais no contexto da Cibercultura como resultado de um processo evolutivo da literatura e do contexto sócio-histórico. Metodologicamente, o trabalho constitui-se por uma pesquisa bibliográfica com caráter exploratório-descritivo. O argumento principal defende a importância de o docente compreender essas novas narrativas como manifestação das diversas possibilidades compositivas da ficção que, na interação oferecida pelo ambiente virtual no contexto da Cibercultura, pode ser formulada e reformulada por meio das diversas linguagens, especialmente a digital.
AS NARRATIVAS DIGITAIS COM O APOIO DE INFOGRÁFICOS NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DO PEDAGOGO NAS AULAS DE MATEMÁTICA: NARRAR, INFORMAR E COMPARTILHAR
Authors: Oliveira Carloney Alves de , Schneider Henrique Nou
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo apresenta uma pesquisa sobre as narrativas digitais com o apoio de infográficos na formação inicial do professor que ensina Matemática com base em estratégias didáticas a partir de suas interfaces disponibilizadas numa perspectiva dialógica, colaborativa e cooperativa. A pesquisa caracterizou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa, do tipo participante, como método de investigação. Os dados foram coletados por meio das narrativas digitais escritas no facebook da disciplina e entrevista semiestruturadas. Participaram 28 alunos do Curso de Pedagogia, da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), matriculados na disciplina Saberes e Metodologias do Ensino da Matemática 2, dos turnos Vespertino e Noturno. Constatamos que as narrativas digitais por meio dos infográficos podem proporcionar práticas pedagógicas capazes de dar conta das especificidades relacionadas ao ensino de Matemática de forma prazerosa, eficaz e lúdica, superando o paradigma educacional vigente.
A CONCEPÇÃO DE INFÂNCIA EM ROUSSEAU
Authors: Campos Rafaely Karolynne do Nascimento , Ramos Tacyana Karla Gomes
Published: November 2018

Em diferentes épocas e sociedades foram construídas ideias e representações acerca da criança e de sua infância, esses conceitos vêm se modificando assim como se modificam as sociedades. Nessa perspectiva, a concepção de infância pode ser entendida sob diversos olhares, tempos e espaços. O presente artigo discute o conceito de infância em Jean-Jacques Rousseau a partir da leitura da obra Emílio ou da Educação. Portanto, objetiva-se com esse trabalho compreender como Rousseau concebe o conceito de infância em sua época. A metodologia desse trabalho baseia-se na pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico. Analisamos o discurso de Rousseau acerca do conceito de infância, o qual defendia que a infância necessitava ser compreendida por ela mesma e não a partir das referências da categoria geracional dos adultos.
LITERACIES AND DIGITAL GAMING: NEGOTIATING MEANINGS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION
Authors: Zacchi Vanderlei J.
Published: November 2018

Digital epistemologies in the area of literacies and language teaching are becoming increasingly important, due to the radical transformations that our society is undergoing as a result of the advent of the new technologies of communication and of processes linked to globalization. It is a quite relevant and pressing issue, since children and the youth are coming to school in possession of a great deal of knowledge about and competence with digital tools and discourses. On the other hand, there are still a great number of students that lack digital literacy and face difficulties in reading from the screen. Taking into account the fact that the research on digital games and language teaching in Brazil is very incipient, the aim of this project is to examine ways that literacies and digital games can be combined to improve English language teaching in Sergipe and Brazil. Connecting all these topics may bring innovative results with potential to be applied to English language teaching and teacher education and solidify the research in this area.
EDUCAÇÃO E FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE NO CONTEXTO DA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA ONLINE
Authors: Quintas-Mendes Antonio Manoel , Wyszomirska Rozangela Maria de Almeida Fernandes
Published: November 2018

ResumoO artigo discute a situação da educação e formação docente no contexto da Educação a Distância Online. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão do significado do pensamento sobre o desenvolvimento docente, os saberes profissionais dos docentes e o professor reflexivo. Com a emergência da era do conhecimento e da mobilidade e o avanço vertiginoso das tecnologias e seu uso na educação, é contextualizada a evolução da Educação a Distância e Online e as novas formas de ensino e de aprendizagem que a acompanham. É ainda discutida a aprendizagem como um esforço colaborativo entre colegas e pares e finalmente discutem-se as novas competências digitais e a formação docente.Palavras-Chave: Formação, desenvolvimento docente, Educação OnlineEducation and Teacher Training in the Context of Online Distance EducationAbstractThe article discusses the situation of education and teacher education in the context of Online Distance Education. For this, a review of the significance of the thought about the teacher development, the professional knowledge of the teachers and the reflective teacher was carried out. With the emergence of the era of knowledge and mobility and the rapid advance of technologies and their use in education, the evolution of Distance Education and Online and the new forms of teaching and learning that accompany it are contextualized. It also discusses learning as a collaborative effort between peers and peers and finally discusses new digital skills and teacher training.Key words: Training, teacher development, Online EducationEl artículo discute la situación de la educación y formación docente en el contexto de la Educación a Distancia Online. Para ello, se realizó una revisión del significado del pensamiento sobre el desarrollo docente, los saberes profesionales de los docentes y el profesor reflexivo. Con la emergencia de la era del conocimiento y de la movilidad y el avance vertiginoso de las tecnologías y su uso en la educación, es contextualizada la evolución de la Educación a Distancia y Online y las nuevas formas de enseñanza y aprendizaje que la acompañan. También se discute el aprendizaje como un esfuerzo colaborativo entre colegas y pares y finalmente se discuten las nuevas competencias digitales y la formación docente.Palabras clave: Formación, desarrollo docente, Educación en línea
The Effect of Traditional Transportation Using Cool Box on Quality of Fresh Milk and Frozen Milk from Peternakan Sapi Terpadu Sangatta to Samarinda East Kalimantan
Authors: Ismanto Arif , Ardhani Fikri , Marhamah Marhamah
Published: November 2018

This study was aimed to determine the quality of milk before and after through the transportation process as far as ± 180 km for ± 4 hours from Peternakan Sapi Terpadu, North Sangata to Samarinda. This research used 2 treatments: frozen and fresh milk. Preliminary tests carried out before the transport process, while the final tests carried out after transportation including parameters of chemical composition, physical quality and organoleptic quality. Data were analyzed by statistic t-test. The results showed that the physical, chemical and organoleptic attributes (except viscosity) of frozen and fresh milk were not significantly different before and after transportation. The viscosity of frozen milk before and after transportation were 1.0212 and 1.0277 g/cm3 respectively, while on fresh milk were 1.0265 and 1.0272 g/cm3, respectively. The freezing point of milk before and after transportation was -0.445 to -0.527ºC for frozen milk and -0.480 ºC to 0.490ºC for fresh milk. Protein content before and after transportation was 2.52% to2.78% for frozen milk and from 2.78 % to 2.87% for fresh milk. The fat content before and after transportation was 6.78% to 5.04% for frozen milk and from 3.73% to 4.04% for fresh milk. The lactose content before and after transportation that is from 13.66% become 13.21% for frozen milk and 11.33% to 11.88% for fresh milk. The total solid content before and after transportation was 13.66 % and 13.21% for frozen milk and 11.33% to 11.88% for fresh milk. The SNF content before and after transportation was 6.88 % to 8.17 % for frozen milk and from 7.60% to 7.84% for fresh milk. It can be concluded that traditional transportation of milk from Peternakan Sapi Terpadu to Samarinda did not affect the organoleptic, physical, and chemical except viscosity of milk.
Identification of a Differentiation Factor of Indonesian Ongole Cattle Breeds Based on Microsatellite Markers and Mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Agung Paskah Partogi , Hermansyah Alfandy
Published: November 2018

This study was conducted to identify the differentiation factor of Indonesian Ongole cattle breeds (Sumba Ongole and Ongole Grade) based on the 12 microsatellite markers and Cyt b gene polymorphism. A total of 50 blood samples (25 samples for each cattle breed) were used in this study. The multiplex DNA fragment analysis was conducted for allele identification based on the microsatellite markers. The haplotype identification (based on the mitochondrial DNA) was conducted using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis with three restriction enzymes i.e. HinfI, HaeIII, and XbaI. Twelve microsatellite loci in this study revealed high polymorphism. A total of 82 alleles were detected in the SO cattle and 117 alleles were detected in the PO cattle. The TGLA227 and ETH225 were specific locus candidates which are different in the size and the number of alleles in the SO and PO cattle breeds. The B (HinfI), D (HaeIII), and Y (XbaI) haplotypes were found only in the PO cattle breed samples. The X haplotype was found in all samples of the SO cattle breed but was not found in all samples of the PO cattle breed. The Y haplotype was found in all samples of the PO cattle breed but was not found in all samples of the SO cattle breed. It can be concluded that the TGLA227 and ETH225 (based on microsatellite markers) and the B, D, X, and Y haplotypes (based on the mitochondrial DNA) can be considered as the differentiation factors between the SO and PO cattle breeds.
Adolescents' Attitude toward HIV/AIDS Prevention in Yogyakarta
Authors: Tiranda Meysa , Setiyawati Nanik , Rahmawati Anita
Published: November 2018

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the second leading cause of death in adolescent groups in the world. In Indonesia, the rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adolescents increases annually. Yogyakarta, well-known as the education city, has the highest number of HIV/AIDS cases in the productive age group of 20–29 years old, which means that they have been already infected with HIV since teen age. This study aimed to determine the influential factors that affect adolescents' attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention. The study was an analytic survey research with a cross-sectional design. Stratified random sampling was applied to select a sample size of 128 respondents of class XI at Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta Senior High School in 2017. Data were taken by using questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression. The results revealed that most of the respondents received information on HIV/AIDS from media (47.7%), have a good knowledge level (82%), and support the prevention of HIV/AIDS (96.9%). The source of information and knowledge level had a statistically significant relation with adolescents' attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention. Knowledge level is the most influential factor to adolescents' attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention (p value = 0.006, PR = 1.199; 95% confidence interval = 1052–1367).
Impact of Budget Increase and Primary health care Performance in the Era of National Health Insurance: Case Study in the Buleleng District
Authors: Suranugraha Kadek , Nopiyani Ni Made Sri , Januraga Pande Putu
Published: November 2018

Since 2014, there has been an increase in funds for primary health care (PHC) coming from the National Health Insurance (NHI) program capitation funds and the Health Operational Assistance Fund (HOAF). This study aimed to explore the effect of this budget increase on the health care services at PHC. The case study used a qualitative approach and interviews from 19 PHC health workers with the highest and lowest budget. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and supported by quantitative data. The positive impact of the increasing PHC budget was felt by PHC staff due to the addition of operational equipment and incentives provided. Nevertheless, there was also a negative impact such as feeling overwhelmed due to an increase in the quantity of PHC activities and additional administrative affairs. It also triggered a negative interaction between staff due to the number of incentives received. The regulation on the use of budget empowers PHC to better arrange the schedule of activities and manage human resources. However, these regulations are considered restrictive and the administrative flow of funds is too long that hinder the optimal use of the budget.
Utilization of Styrofoam ss Soundproofing Material with Auditory Frequency Range
Authors: Nasri Sjahrul Meizar , Shofwati Iting
Published: November 2018

One of preventive action methods of hearing loss that number tend to increase is by using brick that made from Styrofoam which is expected to have the ability as a soundproof that can be used to control the noise. The aim of this research is to assess the use of sound absorption material in which utilizing Styrofoam to reduce the noise exposure. In this study, cement and find aggregate that contain the Styrofoam and sand are mixed with the composition 1:4 and 1:6 and also by adding the polystyrene waste as much as 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%.  To determine the acoustical property of the mixture, the sound absorbing coefficient (α) was determined by using Four Microphones Impedance Tube (ISO 140-3). The results showed that the highest absorption coefficient value was at frequency 800 Hz by adding 80% Styrofoam for the composition of 1:4 at 0.4100 dB and at the frequency 800 Hz by adding 40% Styrofoam for the composition 1:6 at 0.5870 dB. Based on the results of this research, further study to potentially use Styrofoam as noise barrier is suggested.
Probabilistic Estimation of Stream Turbidity and Application under Climate Change Scenarios
Authors: Mukundan R. , Scheerer M. , Gelda R. K. , Owens E. M.
Published: November 2018

Streamflow‐based rating curves are widely used to estimate turbidity or suspended sediment concentrations in streams. However, such estimates are often inaccurate at the event scale due to inter‐ and intra‐event variability in sediment–streamflow relationships. In this study, we use a quantile regression approach to derive a probabilistic distribution of turbidity predictions for Esopus Creek, a major stream in one of the watersheds that supply drinking water to New York City, using measured daily mean streamflow–turbidity data pairs for 2003 to 2016. Although a single regression curve can underpredict or overpredict the actual observation, quantile regression can estimate a range of possible turbidity values for a given value of streamflow. Regression relationships for various quantiles were applied to streamflows simulated by a watershed model to predict stream turbidity under: (i) the observed historical climate, and (ii) a future climate derived from 20 global climate model (GCM) scenarios. Future scenarios using quantile regression in combination with these GCMs and a stochastic weather generator indicated an increase in the frequency and magnitude of hydrological events that may generate high stream turbidity and cause potential water quality challenges to the water supply. The methods outlined in this study can be used for probabilistic estimation of stream turbidity for operational decisions and can be part of a vulnerability‐based method to explore climate impacts on water resources.

Core Ideas

Quantile regression addresses the uncertainty in the streamflow–turbidity relationship.

Stochastic weather generator incorporates climate variability in climate change impact analysis.

Stream turbidity under future climate for a New York City watershed is presented.

Future scenarios show increase in the frequency and magnitude of high‐stream‐turbidity events.
Spatial Distribution of Inorganic Nitrogen in Pastures as Affected by Management, Landscape, and Cattle Locus
Authors: Dahal Subash , Franklin Dorcas H. , Cabrera Miguel L. , Hancock Dennis W. , Stewart Lawton , Ney Laura C. , Subedi Anish , Mahmud Kishan
Published: November 2018

Uneven spatial distribution of soil N in conventionally managed pastures is a function of various biotic and abiotic factors and results in poor land use efficiency. In this study, we measured soil inorganic N (at depths of 0–5, 5–10, and 10–20 cm) in a 50‐m grid and specific areas of interest from eight conventionally managed beef pastures (∼17 ha each), four near Eatonton and four near Watkinsville in the southern Piedmont of Georgia, USA, to assess the effects of management, landscape, and cattle locus in spatial distribution of soil inorganic N. Significant spatial autocorrelation was observed in the soil inorganic N indicating that the regions of high inorganic N deposition were near (within 91 m of) one or more pasture equipage (hay, shade, and water). In the Watkinsville pastures, inorganic N was 65% higher within 5 m of shade than the rest of the pastures, down to a 10‐cm soil depth. In the Eatonton pastures, inorganic N (0–5 cm) was 22% higher within 30 m of a hay‐feeding areas than the rest of the pasture. Cattle locus calculated as cattle density (cow ha−1 yr−1) was a function of pasture equipage and had a significant positive relationship with soil inorganic N. Landscape parameters (slope and elevation) significantly affected inorganic N distribution; however, the effect was small and was masked by management factors. Our results suggest that strategic placement of pasture equipage (hay, shade, and water) can effectively distribute N where needed in beef pastures, thereby increasing land use efficiency.

Core Ideas

We found uneven spatial distribution of soil inorganic N in conventionally grazed pastures.

Management is key to spatial distribution of soil inorganic N.

Landscape parameters are important for soil inorganic N distribution.

Cattle locus shapes soil inorganic N distribution in pastures.
Soil Chemistry and the One Health Initiative: Introduction to the Special Section
Authors: Ohno Tsutomu , Hettiarachchi Ganga M.
Published: November 2018

Population growth and technical and social changes have always exerted pressure on environmental quality. However, we are experiencing unprecedented change in the rate and scale of human impacts on the environment. The One Health Initiative recognizes that improving the quality of life for humans and other animal species requires a holistic and integrated framework to seek multidisciplinary solutions to global environmental quality challenges. This special section is designed to elucidate the connections among soil health, environmental quality, food safety and security, and human health. Soil chemistry is defined as the field of soil science that deals with the chemical constituents, properties, and reactions of soils. Soil chemistry plays a central role in food production and the protection of human health. Chemical reactions between nutrients or contaminants and soil solids, and the composition of the soil solution and the atmosphere, influence crop growth as well as the quality of our food, air, and water. This collection of nine papers brings together studies that highlight how soil chemical constituents, properties, and reactions can be examined or managed using a multidisciplinary approach to move toward a more efficient, sustainable, nutrient‐rich, and low‐contaminant food production system that affords protection of soil, water, and human and animal health. We believe that studies such as these are needed to maintain and enhance environmental quality through interdisciplinary scientific approaches for human, animal, and environmental health outcomes.

Core Ideas

One Health Initiative links soils to human, animal, and environmental health.

Interdisciplinary soil chemistry studies protect and enhance environmental quality.

Environmental quality will benefit from a holistic view of environmental processes.
Combining Ability and Heterosis of Maize Genotypes under Water Stress during Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence
Authors: de Abreu Viviane Maria , Pinho Édila Vilela de Resende Von , Mendes-Resende Marcela Pedroso , Balestre Márcio , Lima Aline Caroline , Santos Heloisa Oliveira , Von Pinho Renzo Garcia
Published: November 2018

Early characterization of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes, as well as the study of the genetic control of traits associated with water deficit tolerance, can provide information to guide breeders in the selection of cultivars adapted to drought environments. The aim of this study was to estimate heterosis and combining ability of maize genotypes under water stress during seed germination and seedling emergence. Four inbred lines previously characterized as water stress tolerant were crossed with four nontolerant lines in partial diallel scheme to obtain 16 hybrids and 16 reciprocals. Seeds were germinated in trays with sand in two environments, with and without water stress, with field capacity adjusted to 10 and 70% of humidity. The traits evaluated were seedling emergence, emergence speed index, shoot length, root length, number of seminal roots, and shoot and root dry weights. The heterosis effect, general combining ability, specific combining ability, and reciprocal effects were estimated for each trait using a partial diallel mixed model. The nonadditive effects were more important, and heterosis was observed in all cases, more expressively for root traits. The reciprocal effects were significant, highlighting the importance of the correct choice of the female parent to obtain maize hybrids tolerant to water stress.
Modular invariance faces precision neutrino data
Authors: Criado Juan Carlos , Feruglio Ferruccio
Published: November 2018

We analyze a modular invariant model of lepton masses, with neutrino
masses originating either from the Weinberg operator or from the seesaw.
The constraint provided by modular invariance is so strong that neutrino
mass ratios, lepton mixing angles and Dirac/Majorana phases do not
depend on any Lagrangian parameter. They only depend on the vacuum of
the theory, parametrized in terms of a complex modulus and a real field.
Thus eight measurable quantities are described by the three vacuum
parameters, whose optimization provides an excellent fit to data for the
Weinberg operator and a good fit for the seesaw case. Neutrino masses
from the Weinberg operator (seesaw) have inverted (normal) ordering.
Several sources of potential corrections, such as higher dimensional
operators, renormalization group evolution and supersymmetry breaking
effects, are carefully discussed and shown not to affect the predictions
under reasonable conditions.
Biomorphic microchanneled electrodes for enhanced water desalination through capacitive deionization
Authors: Brotto Jaqueline O. , Padoin Natan , Rambo Carlos R. , Soares Cíntia
Published: November 2018

This work reports the preparation of rattan-derived carbon electrodes and their application in capacitive deionization technology for desalination. Desalination tests were performed with different concentrations of simulated seawater in a continuous mode with gravity as the driving force and applied voltages of 0.8 and 1.2 V. Electrosorption kinetics were performed to verify desalination of the saline solutions over time. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the microstructure of the biomorphic carbon is composed of porous microchannels with diameters of around 300 mm, which allowed both fluid flow and ion retention. The kinetics of the electrosorption presented excellent results concerning desalination of highly concentrated solutions using low voltages.
Can We Extrapolate Data from One Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease to Another One?
Authors: Magro Fernando , Coelho Rosa , Peixoto Armando
Published: November 2018

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases share several pathogenic pathways and
this pushes sometimes to extrapolate from one disease or indication to others. A biosimilar
can be defined as a biotherapeutic product which is similar in terms of quality, safety, and efficacy
to an already licensed reference biotherapeutic product. We review the substrate for
extrapolation, the current approval process for biosimilars and the pioneering studies on
biosimilars performed in rheumatoid arthritis patients. A biosimilar has the same amino acid
sequence as its innovator product. However, post-translational modifications can occur and
the current analytical techniques do not allow the final structure. To test the efficacy in one
indication, a homogeneous population should be chosen and immunogenicity features are essential
in switching and interchangeability. CT-P13 (Remsima™; Inflectra™) is a biosimilar
of reference infliximab (Remicade®). It meets most of the requirements for extrapolation.
Nevertheless, in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) we need more studies to confirm the postulates
of extrapolation from rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis to IBD. Furthermore,
an effective pharmacovigilance schedule is mandatory to look for immunogenicity and
side effects.
Humanin Nanoparticles for Reducing Pathological Factors Characteristic of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Solanki Aum , Smalling Rudy , Parola Abraham H. , Nathan Ilana , Kasher Roni , Pathak Yashwant , Sutariya Vijaykumar
Published: November 2018

Background:

Humanin is a novel neuronal peptide that has displayed potential in the treatment
of Alzheimer’s Disease through the suppression of inflammatory IL-6 cytokine receptors. Such
receptors are found throughout the body, including the eye, suggesting its other potential applications.
Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the developing world.
There is no cure for this disease, and current treatments have several negative side effects associated
with them, making finding other treatment options desirable.

Objective:

In this study, the potential applications in treating AMD for a more potent humanin derivative,
AGA-HNG, were studied.

Methods:

AGA-HNG was synthesized and encapsulated in chitosan Nanoparticles (NPs), which were
then characterized for their size, Encapsulation Efficiency (EE), and drug release. Their ability to suppress
VEGF secretion and protect against oxidative apoptosis was studied in vitro using ARPE-19 cells.
The chitosan NPs exhibited similar anti-VEGF properties and oxidative protection as the free protein
while exhibiting superior pharmaceutical characteristics including biocompatibility and drug release.

Results:

Drug-loaded NPs exhibited a radius of 346nm with desirable pharmacokinetic properties including
a stable surface charge (19.5 ± 3.7 mV) and steady drug release capacity. AGA-HNG showed
great promise in mediating apoptosis in hypoxic cells. They were also able to significantly reduce
VEGF expression in vitro with reduced cellular toxicity compared to the free drug.

Conclusion:

The ability of this drug delivery system to reduce retinal apoptosis with desirable pharmacokinetic
and biocompatible properties makes this a promising therapeutic option for AMD.
Asymptomatic Carriers of Presenilin-1 E318G Variant Show no Cerebrospinal Fluid Biochemical Signs Suggestive of Alzheimer’s disease in a Family with Late-onset Dementia
Authors: Artuso Vladimiro , Benussi Luisa , Ghidoni Roberta , Moradi-Bachiller Soraya , Fusco Federica , Curtolo Stefano , Roiter Ignazio , Forloni Gianluigi , Albani Diego
Published: November 2018

Background:

Presenilin-1 (PSEN-1) is a component of the γ-secretase complex involved in
β-amyloid Precursor Protein (AβPP) processing. Usually, Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-linked mutations in
the PSEN-1 gene lead to the early onset and increase the production of the aggregation-prone peptide
Aβ42. However, the PSEN-1 E318G variant has an unclear pathogenic role and is recently reported as a
genetic risk factor for AD. In particular, E318G variant presence correlated with increased cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF) levels of Total Tau (t-tau) and Phosphorylated Tau (p-tau).

Objective:

We describe a large Italian family, which we followed from January 2003 to January 2018,
with the late-onset AD and the E318G variant, with the aim of assessing E318G-associated CSF or
plasma biochemical changes in biomarkers of dementia.

Method: CSF Aβ42, t-tau and p-tau, plasma Aβ42 and Aβ40 were assessed by ELISA tests, while CSF
amyloid peptides profile was investigated by mass spectrometry.

Results:

We did not find any changes in CSF biochemical markers (Aβ42, t-tau, p-tau and amyloid peptides)
of asymptomatic E318G carriers in 2010 and 2012, but plasma Aβ40 was increased at the same
times. From 2003 to 2018, no asymptomatic E318G carrier developed AD.

Conclusion:

Our follow-up of this family may help elucidate E318G’s role in AD and globally points to
a null effect of this variant.
Dental Implant Rehabilitation in Patients Suffering from Mucocutaneous Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zarean Parichehr , Zarean Paridokht , Kanounisabet Negar , Moghareabed Ahmad , Rismanchian Mansour , Yadegarfar Ghasem
Published: November 2018

Objective:

Dental implantations are widely used for oral rehabilitation of edentulous patients. Despite high success rate, there are some risk factors that have been associated with failures. Oral mucocutaneous diseases are one of these risk factors for implant insertion due to the immunosuppressive therapy.

There are limited studies that have dealt with the subject of dental implantology in oral mucosal disorders mainly with patients with oral lichenplanus, pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, and systemic lupus erythematosus. In order to assess the result of implantations in such patients, we have reviewed the studies.

Materials and Methods:

We searched PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane databases for articles published from Jan 2000 to Dec 2017, using key search word “dental implants”, “oral lichen planus”, “pemphigoid”, “pemphigus vulgaris” and ”systemic lupus erythematosus”.

Results:

The random effects analysis result shows overall failure rates of 22% in patients with oral lichen planus. A systematic review revealed some failures that are not definitely related to these diseases.

Conclusion:

Due to the lack of adequate studies, a meta-analysis was only possible for oral lichen planus. Presently, there is no definite guideline regarding the placement of implant in patients suffering from mucocutaneous diseases; nevertheless, we should always consider that these patients are specific cases and need more attention in the first step of treatment and follow-ups. So there is a need to further clinical studies in order to evaluate more risk factors accurately and make a definitive conclusion.