bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution of epigeic and hypogeic ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in ombrophilous forests in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Torres Marcos Timóteo , Souza Jorge Luiz Pereira , Baccaro Fabricio Beggiato
Published: August 2020

In the Amazon basin, ants are often associated with environmental or edaphic factors. However, these associations may vary between the epigeic and hypogeic strata. Here, we investigated differences in richness and composition of epigeic and hypogeic ant assemblages along an environmental gradient in the Brazilian Amazon. The four studied sites cover different topographic and soil characteristics. We sampled 25 plots of 250 m2 using 10 samples of epigeic pitfalls and 10 samples of hypogeic pitfalls installed at two depths (10 and 30 cm). The pitfalls remained in the fi eld for 48 hours. In the same plots, soil clay content and terrain altitude were also measured. We collected 219 species or morphospecies, of which 14 were exclusively hypogeics. We found higher local richness in the epigeic compared to hypogeic assemblages. We also found an interaction between clay content and strata for ant species composition. Overall, the species turnover was related to clay content, but the eff ect depended on the strata, with hypogeic fauna being more heterogeneous, compared with epigeic fauna. Despite the relationship between clay content and ant´s assemblage’s composition, we did not find strong environment predictors for both strata, which suggests that other factors may structure ant assemblages in these sites. This reinforces the need for studies to defi ne which environmental gradiente determines the distribution of Amazonian epigeic and hypogeic ants.
Optical properties of a nanoegg–nanorod heterodimer: a quasi-static analysis
Authors: Ugwuoke Luke C. , Mančal Tomáš , Krüger Tjaart P. J.
Published: August 2020

Plasmon coupling between the dipolar localized surface plasmons of a nanoegg and the longitudinal dipolar localized surface plasmons of a nearby gold nanorod is investigated within a dipolar-quasistatic limit. This was achieved by varying the core-offset of the nanoegg for different nanorod sizes at a fixed coupling distance. With respect to the plasmon peaks of the isolated nanoegg, we studied blue shifted, resonant, and red shifted nanorods. We show that besides plasmon-induced resonance shifts, which occurred in all three cases studied, transparency dips are induced in both the absorption and scattering spectra of the nanoegg–nanorod dimer. The latter effect depends on the plasmon detuning frequency and the nanorod absorption cross section. In comparison to a nanoegg–nanosphere dimer, the optical properties of the nanoegg–nanorod dimer are more enhanced.
High resolution temperature sensor based on frequency beating between twin DFB fiber lasers
Authors: Dusablon Laurent , Fortin Vincent , Boilard Tommy , Bernier Martin , Galarneau Pierre , Babin François , Vallée Réal
Published: August 2020

We present a high resolution temperature sensor using the beat frequency between the longitudinal modes of twin single-mode distributed feedback fiber lasers. The lasers are made by femtosecond inscription of π-shifted fiber Bragg gratings in a thulium-doped fiber. Combining the light from two single frequency fiber lasers on a photodetector produces a rf beat frequency signal which is dependent on temperature. Experimental results show a sensitivity of 1900 MHz/°C, leading to a precision of 0.0007 °C.
Adaptive high-dynamic-range Fourier ptychography microscopy data acquisition with a red-green-blue camera
Authors: Zhou Guocheng , Zhang Shaohui , Hu Yao , Hao Qun
Published: August 2020

Fourier ptychography microscopy is a powerful tool for wide-field and high-spatial-resolution imaging. It can achieve a large field of view and high-spatial-resolution imaging with a low numerical aperture objective by capturing a series of low-resolution (LR) images that contain the information of different spatial frequencies and then stitching them together in the Fourier domain. Furthermore, the phase information of the object can also be recovered simultaneously. In this Letter, we propose a method to realize adaptive high-dynamic-range (HDR) LR image acquisition with a red, green, and blue camera, which needs only single exposure for each light-emitting diode (LED) illumination. According to the imaging principle of a color camera, the filter of each color channel still allows additional light within a certain wavelength range to pass through, but with a much smaller transmittance. By illuminating the sample with monochromatic light and combining the raw data from three color channels together, an HDR image corresponding to each LED illumination is obtained. The feasibility and good performance of our method are demonstrated by the experimental results.
Ephemeral venues: Architectural illustrations and depictions of the masses in Perón’s ‘New Argentina’
Authors: Patruno Luigi
Published: August 2020

During the Peronist years (1943–55), architect Jorge Sabaté designed several exhibitions and ephemeral installations to be erected in the central streets of Buenos Aires. These interventions were aimed at transforming the face of the city, repurposing its spaces for unprecedented uses and expressing the right ‘the people’ had gained to free time, outings and leisure. In this article, I examine the architectural illustrations that Sabaté appended to the rest of his plans. The incorporation into his drawings of the social practices of metropolitan strolling is one of the ways in which the Peronist exhibitions designed by Sabaté relate to urban culture. By staging the masses in these materials, Sabaté proposes a whole new form of conviviality in public space and depicts the popular sectors aspiring to a new lifestyle made possible by the intersection of technological progress and expanded access to consumer goods.
Hashtag favela: Instagram, space and identity in urban Brazil
Authors: Worms Jamie L. , Gras-Velázquez Adrián
Published: August 2020

Instagram is a virtual, multi-authored platform that symbolizes geographic realities by allowing its users to capture time-and-space-specific characteristics through photographs or videos. As opposed to the selective reproduction of dominant discourses, Instagram users collaboratively produce multiple truths based on their own personal perceptions and experiences. Considering that favelas in Brazil are some of the most stigmatized, misrepresented and misunderstood places in the world, this article follows the term ‘favela’ (#favela) to better understand how it is being used by the masses in 2019. Ultimately, this article analyses the space and identity of ‘favelas’ in urban Brazil by dividing our findings into three separate categories: (1) ‘hashtag favela as advertising’, (2) ‘hashtag favela as tourism’ and (3) ‘hashtag favela as everyday’. We found that although Instagram promotes the ability of favela residents to represent themselves, #favela continues to be co-opted by outsiders. Interestingly, when the term is co-opted by outsiders, its meaning is transformed from a physical space or neighbourhood into one of the many types of commodities to be bought and sold.
Procedural Law as an Exercise in Reconciling Public Interest and Individual Rights: The Example of Res Judicata
Authors: Turmo Araceli
Published: August 2020

Res judicata is a quasi-universal principle, present in every modern European legal system. Although it is understood in very different ways in Civil Law and Common Law traditions, it plays a remarkably similar role in both. This is notably due to the fact that res judicata is based on overarching aims present in all procedural legal systems: the public interest in ensuring the finality of litigation and the authority of courts, and the protection of litigants’ rights. It is necessary to take into account both objectives in order to understand the doctrine of res judicata. These aims sometimes conflict and each legal system attempts to reconcile them within its specific rules concerning res judicata. A comparative analysis based on English, French, Italian, Spanish and European Union law shows how the choices made in each system express a balancing act between them.
PENCATATAN PERKAWINAN SEBAGAI PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQĀṢID ASY-SYARĪ’AH
Authors: Zubaidah Dwi Arini
Published: August 2020

Procedural rules for marriage recording have led to speculation that marriage records are only considered more administrative requirements. So that up to now under-age marriages are still often found among the public. The purpose of this study is to show the urgency of a marriage record for those bound by marriage. The type of research used is library research and descriptive analysis that describes objectively the rules of marriage recording by analyzing using the theory of maqāṣid ash-syarī'ah as a methodology approach to the philosophy of Islamic law. Based on the results of the study, the rules for recording marriage are a product of Islamic law reform that is at the forefront of the present. Marriage registration is a renewal of Islamic law as a new form of ijtihad towards witnessing in a marriage. By registering the marriage civil rights of the parties concerned will be guaranteed and secure. A marriage that is carried out may not be enough with a testimony according to existing marriage conditions. The logical consequence of the development of the developing period is also evidence that determines the validity of marriage. Features of Jāsir system theory udah Audah is six, namely the character of cognition, overallness, openness, interrelated hierarchy, multidimensionality, and intentions. The whole feature of Jāsir udah Audah is applicative which can realize the idea of the rules of marriage registration as a legitimate condition for determining a marriage.
Understanding cultures through their keywords. English, Russian, Polish, German and Japanese. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press 1997
Authors: Godzich Anna
Published: August 2020

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Bible Studies: Frank Russell and the "Book of Books"
Authors: Derham Ruth
Published: August 2020

Religion was as much a concern for Frank Russell throughout his life as it was for younger brother Bertrand and their father before them. Each advocated its rational study untainted by Christian dogma. The chance discovery of an amusing film review by Frank Russell of the biblical epic The Dawn of the World (1921) became the catalyst for an exploration of this theme in the paper that follows, as well as providing the opportunity to explore the foundations of Frank’s agnosticism and demonstrate his erudition and wit through the reprinting of his article “The Bible on the Film”.
Application of Transcriptional Gene Modules to Analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans’ Gene Expression Data
Authors: Cary Michael , Podshivalova Katie , Kenyon Cynthia
Published: August 2020

Identification of co-expressed sets of genes (gene modules) is used widely for grouping functionally related genes during transcriptomic data analysis. An organism-wide atlas of high-quality gene modules would provide a powerful tool for unbiased detection of biological signals from gene expression data. Here, using a method based on independent component analysis we call DEXICA, we have defined and optimized 209 modules that broadly represent transcriptional wiring of the key experimental organism C. elegans. These modules represent responses to changes in the environment (e.g., starvation, exposure to xenobiotics), genes regulated by transcriptions factors (e.g., ATFS-1, DAF-16), genes specific to tissues (e.g., neurons, muscle), genes that change during development, and other complex transcriptional responses to genetic, environmental and temporal perturbations. Interrogation of these modules reveals processes that are activated in long-lived mutants in cases where traditional analyses of differentially expressed genes fail to do so. Additionally, we show that modules can inform the strength of the association between a gene and an annotation (e.g., GO term). Analysis of “module-weighted annotations” improves on several aspects of traditional annotation-enrichment tests and can aid in functional interpretation of poorly annotated genes. We provide an online interactive resource with tutorials at http://genemodules.org/, in which users can find detailed information on each module, check genes for module-weighted annotations, and use both of these to analyze their own gene expression data (generated using any platform) or gene sets of interest.
Oscillation criteria for first-order dynamic equations with nonmonotone delays
Authors: KILIÇ Nurten , ÖCALAN Özkan
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we consider the first-order dynamic equation as the following:$$x^{\Delta}(t)+\sum\limits_{i=1}^m p_i(t)x(\tau_i(t))=0,\,\,t\in[t_0,\infty)_{\mathbb{T}}$$where $p_{i}\in C_{rd}\left( [t_{0},\infty )_{\mathbb{T}},\mathbb{R}^{+}\right) ,$ $\tau _{i}\in C_{rd}\left( [t_{0},\infty )_{\mathbb{T}},\mathbb{T}\right) $ $(i=1,2,\ldots ,m)$ and $\tau_i(t)\leq t,\,\, \lim_{t\to\infty}\tau_i(t)=\infty$. When the delay terms $\tau_{i}(t)$ $(i=1,2,\ldots ,m)$ are not necessarily monotone, we present new sufficient conditions for the oscillation of first-order delay dynamic equations on time scales.
TENDENCIAS EN MERCADEO SOCIAL (MS)
Authors: León Guatame Aida Ximena
Published: August 2020

El Mercadeo Social (MS) son las acciones estratégicas dirigidas a diferentes actores que están directamente relacionados con una situación objeto de cambio, con el fin de lograr cambios de comportamiento o conducta que mejoren la calidad de vida de individuos y comunidades. En su evolución ha sido objeto de investigación de Escuelas como la de Macromarketing y la de pensamiento de investigación transformadora del consumidor (TCR); ha recibido aportes de la teoría de movimiento social, la teoría de red de actores y la teoría de la práctica social y se proyecta una tendencia en la implementación del Marketing Macro-Social para cambiar comportamientos en la sociedad y el Modelo de Mercadeo Social con enfoque Sostenible (MSsS) para planear cambios de comportamiento en la era de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) .
Importancia de la comunicación integrada de marketing en la creación de valor de marca aplicado al sector cervecero en Bogotá
Authors: Mayorga Montoya Laura Lucía
Published: August 2020

El auge y uso de las nuevas tecnologías de la información, y la necesidad de adoptar métodos alternativos para persuadir a los clientes ha incentivado el interés  en un nuevo enfoque denominado Comunicación Integrada de Marketing (CIM) aplicado a todas las industrias que evalúan la efectividad de sus esfuerzos en la promoción de sus marcas. Desde tal punto de vista, este trabajo busca analizar desde la percepción de los consumidores, la percepción de estrategias de mercadeo y comunicación que están implementando marcas cerveceras conducentes a generar valor de marca (calidad percibida, lealtad hacia la marca, notoriedad y asociaciones). Este documento describe las definiciones, dimensiones y relaciones en torno al concepto de CIM y el valor de marca mediante la revisión de literatura, para una posterior demostración aplicada en la industria cervecera Colombiana, escogida por su crecimiento, rentabilidad y surgimiento de monopolios empresariales.
Working paper respecto a los factores actitudinales del marketing de redes sociales aplicado a marcas universitarias (IES)
Authors: Cárdenas Trejos Santiago
Published: August 2020

Entendiendo que el presente documento constituye un "Working Papers" cuyo propósito es alojar el avance de los proyectos de investigación desarrollados en la Maestría de la IUPG, bajo la categoría de "literatura gris" proyectado a un artículo publicable en revista indexada, el resumen de este documento consiste en: Este documento presenta una revisión de literatura de la gestión de las redes sociales por parte de las empresas, especialmente en el ámbito de la comunicación de marketing aplicada a las IES. Se ha realizado un arqueo bibliográfico a partir de la consulta de diferentes fuentes de información secundaria para establecer las características, modelos y recomendaciones que establece la literatura en la gestión de las redes sociales como herramienta de comunicación cuyo énfasis es Facebook, Twitter e Instagram como principales plataformas digitales. De acuerdo al estudio realizado por comScore y presentado por la IAB (2016) que refiere el porcentaje de interacción de las redes sociales otorgando predominio por Facebook (79%), seguido por Twitter (16%) e Instagram (5%).
Effect of nano C–A–S–H seeds on the early-stage hydration and pore structure of Portland cement pastes
Authors: Zhou Han , Zhang Shupeng , Liu Bao , Li Qingchao , He Cheng , Li Dongxu
Published: August 2020

Most previous studies have focused on the addition of nanoparticles of silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, aluminium oxide, tin(IV) oxide or calcium silicate hydrate to speed up cement hydration. In this research, nano seeds of calcium aluminium silicate hydrate (C–A–S–H) were added to Portland cement systems. It was found that, with the addition of 1%, 3% and 5% C–A–S–H seeds, the hydration process was brought forward by about 2 h, 3 h and 7 h, the initial setting time was reduced by 16.4%, 25.5% and 34.5%, and the final setting time was reduced by 16.8%, 35.1% and 41.1%, respectively. However, the paste fluidity was reduced by 11.6%, 21.6% and 28.9%, respectively, resulting in decreased workability. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that adding C–A–S–H seeds accelerated the formation of calcium monosulfoaluminate hydrate (AFm). Compared with a control sample, the compressive strength of the mortar doped with 1% C–A–S–H seeds was increased by 4.6%, 3.4% and 5.2% at 3, 7 and 28 days, respectively. However, an increase in the content of C–A–S–H seeds to 3% and 5% led to decreases in compressive strength. The total porosity declined with the addition of 1% C–A–S–H seeds, whereas the total porosity with 3% and 5% C–A–S–H seeds was higher than that of the control sample.
Using vehicle data as a surrogate for highway accident data
Authors: Park Seongmin , Son Seung-oh , Park Juneyoung , Oh Cheol , Hong Sungmin
Published: August 2020

Many studies have tried to use the surrogate safety measures (SSM) estimated from the microscopic traffic simulations. However, it is difficult to adopt these developed SSM to reflect real-world traffic conditions when the developed network in the simulation is not calibrated and validated accordingly. This paper proposed a method to develop the pattern-based surrogate safety measure (PSSM) using individual vehicle trajectory data. The PSSM can be estimated based on the pattern of hazardous driving behaviour (HDB). Using digital tacho graph data collected from the commercial vehicles, HDB patterns were obtained. Various PSSMs were developed and validated with the observed crash data using Random Forest. Then, the surrogate safety performance function was estimated based on the frequency of HDB. To enhance model performance, machine learning and data mining techniques were applied. The results show that sudden deceleration, sudden lane change, sudden overtaking and sudden U-turn are related to traffic crashes during HDB. The results also show that high potential for safety improvement was identified in the road section linking the urban and suburban areas. The findings from this study can provide new approach to adopt real-time individual vehicle trajectory data to evaluate safety performance of network levels.
Safety distances of cylindrical reinforced concrete piers under vehicle explosion
Authors: Zhu Zhao , Li Yuan , He Shuanhai
Published: August 2020

Since the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001, structural resistance to explosion has received increasing attention. As bridges are controlling factors in traffic systems, explosion-induced bridge damage will cause great economic loss and social impact, but there is a lack of anti-explosion research for bridges. The purpose of this work was to investigate the failure modes and safety distances of cylindrical reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers on highways and urban viaducts as a result of vehicle explosion. TNT equivalents were selected to represent explosions of five different vehicles (car, sport utility vehicle/van, delivery truck, water truck and semi-trailer). The multi-Euler domain method, was adopted for structural analysis of the explosion process using the commercial software Autodyn. The results showed that RC piers have three failure modes at the base: full-section punching-shear failure and large displacement; shear failure of full-section concrete; local shear failure of concrete. The explosion energy decayed rapidly with distance. For the five vehicle explosions, the safety distances were found to be 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, 8 m and 14 m, respectively. The results of this work are meaningful for explosion-resistant design and damage assessments of existing highway cylindrical RC piers subjected to vehicle explosion.
Likya Yolu Yürüyüşçülerinin Profilleri ve Memnuniyet Düzeyleri
Authors: TÜTÜNCÜ Burcu , PAMUKÇU Hüseyin , TANRISEVER Canan
Published: August 2020

Likya Yolu, Türkiye’nin işaretlenen ilk kültür rotasıdır. Sahip olduğu
doğal, kültürel ve tarihi değerleriyle ön plana çıkan rotayı ziyaret eden turist
sayısı gün geçtikçe artış göstermektedir. Çalışmada Likya Yolu’nu yürüyen
turistlerin profillerinin ve yürüyüşlerine yönelik memnuniyet düzeylerinin
belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda kolayda örnekleme yönteminden
faydalanılarak 416 katılımcıya ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri oluşturulan
anket formları aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Anket formları katılımcılara 2018
yılının Eylül, Ekim ve Kasım aylarında, yüz yüze ve e-posta yaklaşımlarının bir
arada kullanılmasıyla uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler sonucunda yürüyüşçülerin
büyük bir kısmının 40 yaş ve üzeri, bekâr ve en az lisans düzeyinde bir eğitim
seviyesine sahip olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca katılımcıların Likya
Yolu’ndan genel anlamda memnun kaldığı, beklentilerinin karşılandığı ve yeniden
ziyaret etme ile çevresindeki bireylere tavsiye etme konusundaki niyetlerinin
olumlu yönde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulardan
hareketle yerel yöneticilere, yerel halka, işletmelere ve gelecekte konuya
ilişkin çalışma yürütecek araştırmacılara öneriler sunulmuştur.
Turistlerin Terör Riski Algısı ve Riskle Başa Çıkma Davranışları
Authors: KIRLAR CAN Burçin , ÖZGEN Işıl
Published: August 2020

Bireylerin güvenliğini tehdit eden terör saldırıları, politik, ekonomik, psikolojik ve sosyolojik açıdan olumsuz sonuçlar doğurmaktadır. Turistler, teröre yönelik risk algıları doğrultusunda riskten kaçınma veya risklere rağmen seyahat etme eğilimi gösterebilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, turistlerin teröre yönelik risk algılarını tespit ederek riskle başa çıkma davranışlarını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiş; veriler, derinlemesine görüşme ve senaryo teknikleri aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın içeriğini, derinliğini ve niteliğini zenginleştirmek ve farklı bakış açılarını ortaya koymak için maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler niteliksel içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular, kuramsal çerçeve doğrultusunda katılımcıların ifadeleriyle birlikte yorumlanmıştır.
One-Step RT-ddPCR for Detection of SARS-CoV-2, Bovine Coronavirus, and PMMoV RNA in RNA Derived from Wastewater or Primary Settled Solids v1
Authors: Loeb Stephanie , Graham Katy , Catoe David , Wolfe Marlene , B B Boehm Alexandria , Wigginton Krista
Published: August 2020

Goal: Quantify concentration of N1, N2, BCoV, and PMMoV in RNA extractions using RT-ddPCR. Estimated Time 8 hours per RT-ddPCR plate
The ecological-coenotic specters of the flora in the river Vyatka protected areas
Authors: Egorova Natalya Yu. , Egoshina Tatiana L.
Published: August 2020

The paper presents the results of a comparative ecological-coenotic analysis of 6 floras of the river Vyatka (Kirov Region, Russia). The floras of the studied areas are boreal and include rare and relic species of all-European importance. As for ecological structure the floras of the studied protected areas do not differ significantly and refer to 7 ecological-coenotic groups. Meadow and meadow-opening groups dominate in the revealed complex (28,48% to 41,84%). This may be caused by a systematic and strong anthropogenic impact on the protected areas. For example, trampling contributes to the increased invasion of meadow and meadow-edge species in forest ecosystems, where they take a significant part in the living ground cover, often acting as codominants with constant species of the grass-shrub layer of boreal forests. Less presented are wetland (13,61% to 27,15%), boreal (9,63% to 16,33%), nemoral (8,16% to 14,79%) and nitrophilous (8,16% to 13,33%) groups. The share of coniferous group varies from 4,44% to 7,10%. The oligotrophic group is presented by solitary species. The authors have also detected the correlation between the ecological-coenotic structure of the flora of the studied areas and the latitudinal location within the river basin.
The space of unfreedom: GULAG and its society
Authors: Udovenko Ilya V.
Published: August 2020

This paper analyzes the GULAG as a social phenomenon of the Soviet society and as a specific type of the Soviet unfree space. In particular, it considers social constructs and the relation between the camp administration, prisoners, hired workers and the local population. Paying close attention to the analysis of the social groups which a camp population was comprised of, their gender and social structure, this paper explores the living conditions, mode of life, customs and mores of the social environment in a camp. Based on the large database of various historical sources, such as governmental acts, statistical evidence, archival documents, publications in the camp press and memoirs, this paper also relies on the video interviews of former prisoners collected by the GULAG History Museum. Without denying the authoritarian nature of the corrective-labor camp system, the author came to the conclusion that the established organizational model of camp complexes determined the lack of distinct borders between the camp social space and the public space of the free world. Such blurred structure of corrective-labor camps leads to the fact that the camp culture with its archaic social principles dominated by the thieves culture extended its considerable influence over the whole society of the Soviet Union.
Dignity as a subject of pedagogical reflection (to the solution of a contemporary issue by means of analysis of foreign thinkers’ of the past thoughts on dignity)
Authors: Bezdukhov Vladimir P.
Published: August 2020

The relevance of the paper is motivated by the importance of understanding the category of dignity as a category of pedagogical ethics. The author motivates the social relevance of solving a pedagogical plan of the issue of dignity by the fact that the value of dignity in current geopolitical and sociocultural conditions can become the basis of mutual understanding of peoples aspiring to preserve their cultural identity, to recognize the right to uphold traditional values for each of them. While developing a theoretical plan of the issue, the author proceeds from the idea that the basis for its solution should be an analysis of the ideas of thinkers and philosophers of the past that are of great importance to the present. The paper shows how the content of the dignity category, which is relevant for pedagogical ethics, is gradually being formed. Understanding of dignity by Plato is correlated with its understanding by Aristotle: for Plato, dignity is a virtue, which is manifested in the worthy behavior of a person, the quality of the soul (the dignity of the soul lies in wisdom); Aristotle connects dignity of a person with his/her deeds and actions, points to the importance of dignity in friendship based on equality, and not on superiority, on the inherent value of a person, and not on the choice of friends for benefit or pleasure. Summing up the analysis of the ancient thinkers ideas on dignity, the author draws special attention to the fact that it is the orientation to recognition of the dignity by each party of communication that is considered the basis of its adequacy. When analyzing ideas of T. Hobbes and I. Kant, the concept of price of a person becomes the key one. The author shows that T. Hobbes speaks of dignity as the superiority of some subjects over others (intellectual dignity, implying mental abilities, social value of a person, that is, the price given to him/her by the state) and emphasizes the social status of the phenomenon of dignity. I. Kant distinguishes between the concepts of price and dignity, assuming that dignity has neither value nor equivalent, it is higher than price and evaluation, that a person is respected for dignity as an internal moral value, and not for the origin and social status. The author of the paper insists that the value of dignity has the supra-situational importance in teacher-students interaction, it is based on recognition of the equality of all people in moral terms, regardless of their level of morality, social status and social roles performed, determines not only equal attitude of the teacher to all students, but also his/her attitude to him/herself and the attitude of students to him/her.
Mathematical modeling skills development among students of universities of economics
Authors: Makarov Sergey I.
Published: August 2020

This paper discusses approaches to economic and mathematical modeling skills development among students of universities of economics. The need for this competency among specialists in the digital economy is shown. The motivation of the student the future specialist in the digital economy in mastering the basic techniques of economic processes and systems modeling is outlined. The sections of the school course in mathematics are given, which are the basis for the development of these skills. Mathematical courses are examined; their study is considered to be the foundation for the development of the competence in economic processes modeling. The author describes the main types of mathematical models that are studied at the present stage at universities of economics and are widely used in the digital economy. The author also presents a classification of the models used in the educational process while studying mathematical courses. The main requirements for economic-mathematical models are discussed and substantiated. The author has listed necessary requirements for teachers of mathematical departments of universities. These requirements can help them to teach basic mathematics and its applied sections (e.g. mathematical modeling) to students successfully. The main conclusions and results of the study can be used in the practical work of teachers of mathematical departments at universities of economics when creating electronic teaching aids of economic and mathematical modeling and methods of their application in the educational process.
All-Russian English language school Olympiad tasks (based on Samara Region municipal stage)
Authors: Maksimchik Oksana A.
Published: August 2020

The paper considers the essential features of municipal stage of All-Russian English Language School Olympiad (ARELSO or Olympiad). The author views the Olympiad as a creative intellectual contest (subject Olympiad) aiming at revealing intellectually, linguistically, socioculturally and creatively gifted and talented in the sphere of foreign languages children and further developing their intellectual and creative potential. The author emphasizes the importance of ARELSO as an effective means of assessing students knowledge as well as its correspondence with CEFR; of stimulating students interest and encouraging their competitiveness, creative, analytical and research activity, readiness for self-study and independent learning; of helping them to identify their future vocational orientation. Outlining researchers contribution to the field of intellectual contests and work with gifted and talented children, the author has to admit the absence of comprehensive full-scale research into subject Olympiads, covering theoretical aspects of and practical guidelines for designing English language Olympiad tasks. The relevance of the study is determined by the authors experience as an Olympiad tasks designer and an attempt to offer thorough guidance and practical tips to inexperienced teachers involved in the process of preparing students for ARELSO. The paper reveals how the regulations of All-Russian School Olympiad are observed in real municipal level tasks. The author comments on the task types and formats, their linguistic and intellectual complexity, thematic and sociocultural relevance. As a result of the study, the author emphasizes the necessity of designing for the Olympiad new original tasks with the aim of assessing students creative potential, foreign language competence and scope in the sphere of linguistics, country studies, linguocultural studies and cross-cultural communication.
The portrait of a competent (ideal) lecturer: students and lecturers’ point of view (based on the material of the language department of a non-linguistic university)
Authors: Tatarina Tatiana M.
Published: August 2020

The author is interested in studying the portrait of a competent (ideal) teacher. Does the intensification of the pace of education and the growing demands on the quality of education affect the shift of emphasis in the personality of a specialist to greater pragmatism and rigidity? Or is it still, as in the days of Pestalozzi, humanity and morality determine the personality of the teacher? What personality traits of a teacher of Humanities are valuable to students? In this paper the author explores whether the points of view on personal competence of students and teachers coincide. The teacher must have knowledge of the subject, have communication skills, and be a charismatic personality in order to instill students with interest in learning the language, to encourage them to perform a large amount of work. First-year students, when adapting to studying at a university, evaluate university teachers effectiveness in teaching and communicating through the prism of school experience. Students opinions about the objectivity of teachers assessments depend on how interpersonal communication develops in the student-teacher paradigm. The adaptation of students to new forms of training largely depends on whether the teachers personality corresponds to the image of the competent (ideal teacher) that was formed at the previous stage of training (school years).
Strategic guidelines for designing and implementing university students’ customized educational itinerary on the basis of artificial intelligence
Authors: Fedorov Aleksandr A. , Budarina Anna O. , Polupan Ksenia L. , Zhitinevich Dmitriy G.
Published: August 2020

The study presents a new approach to building an educational program of higher education, taking into account the individual capabilities and characteristics of the students personality. The modern digital environment is changing the nature of the interaction between participants in the educational process and puts forward the requirement for the design of new educational standards, polyprogrammes and learning outcomes. An innovative model of designing and implementing a customized educational itinerary based on the integration with artificial intelligence technology is presented. It is aimed at the forward-looking development and the self-development of the student. Philosophical and pedagogical implications of conditioning the polyfurcation field of the students activity as the basis for organizing an individual educational process are substantiated. The idea of constructing an educational route in the context of individualization of the education system is underpinned by the concept of a customized educational itinerary, which is considered from two perspectives, being the changes in the educational process in the digital educational environment, and the changes in the interaction paradigm of the student and other educational actors involved. The mechanism for introducing elements of artificial intelligence for the effective construction and implementation of a customized educational route is briefly canvassed.
The effectiveness of different regimens of testosterone gel therapy in men with androgen deficiency
Authors: Kuzmenko Andrey V. , Gyaurgiev Timur A. , Bakutina Yulia Yu. , Zarubayco Alena Yu.
Published: August 2020

The results of androgen replacement therapy with the appointment of a transdermal gel with testosterone in patients with androgen deficiency were presented. 90 men with testosterone deficiency (12 nmol/L) and impaired erectile function were observed. The average age of patients was 58 5.2 years. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Patients of the 1st (control) group underwent basic behavioral therapy, the 2nd group received basic therapy with testosterone gel for a dose of 50 mg, the 3rd group received basic therapy with testosterone gel at a dose of 100 mg. The duration of treatment was 6 months. The use of testosterone in the form of a transdermal gel led to a significant increase in the content of total testosterone in both patients of the 2nd (50 mg) and 3rd groups (100 mg). A dose-dependent effect was noted, in patients of the 3rd group the level of testosterone was significantly higher than in patients 2nd group. An increase in testosterone was accompanied by a decrease in FSH and LH levels.
Retrospective analysis of the results of transurethral contact pyelocalycolithotripsy in patients with kidney stones
Authors: Nazarov Toirhon Kh. , Rychkov Ivan V. , Akhmedov Magomed A. , Trubnikova Kseniya E. , Tursunov Anisjon I. , Nikolaev Vladimir A.
Published: August 2020

Transurethral contact lithotripsy is a promising treatment method and occupies an important place among endoscopic methods for removing kidney stones.

The aim of the study was to identify the advantages and disadvantages of transurethral contact pyelocalycolithotripsy in patients with kidney stones based on retrospective analysis.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 178 clinical cases of treating patients aged from 19 to 71 years who suffered from kidney stones and underwent transurethral contact pyelocalycolithotripsy was performed. All patients were diagnosed with calculi of the pyelocaliceal system with the diameter ranging from 10 to 20 mm according to multispiral CT data. Renal calculi had different composition and their density varied from 460 HU to 1440 HU. Pneumatic and laser energy was used for lithotripsy in 102 (57.3%) and 76 (42.7%) patients respectively.

Results. The obtained data show that complete destruction of the stones and the removal of fragments within 2 weeks after transurethral contact pyelocalycolithotripsy was noted in 143 (80.3%) patients. In 140 (78.7%) cases positive results were achieved in one surgical intervention and in 38 (21.3%) patients after two procedures. Complications of this treatment method were relatively rare and included intraoperative bleeding, pelvic perforation, acute pyelonephritis, stent migration, postoperative bleeding, and residual stones.

Conclusion. Transurethral contact pyelocalycolithotripsy is a promising method due to the fact that in most cases it allows you to simultaneously rid a patient of kidney stones with minimal complications
paridad de la tasa de interés en Colombia, 1981-2018
Authors: Gómez-Mejía Alberto
Published: August 2020

Después de analizar cuatro períodos (1981-1991, 1992-2006, 2000-2006, 2007-2018) marcados por cambios en el manejo de la tasa de cambio por parte del Banco de la República y política económica gubernamental, técnicas econométricas permiten concluir que pese a la creciente apertura de la economía colombiana, a partir de 1991, la  liberalización del mercado cambiario y de flujo de capitales, la paridad de la tasa de interés, con tasa de cambio nominal y real, se empezó a cumplir en la medida que los mercados de capitales y la economía se fue consolidando en el proceso de apertura. En el primer período, 1981-1991, no se dio y sí durante 2007-2018. Se usaron pruebas de cointegración de Johansen y regresiones EGARCH. Un estudio detallado de las estadísticas y la política económica prueban que la lentitud en el cumplimiento de la paridad, que tomó más de una década, se debió a que el banco central colombiano siempre intervino el mercado para estimular la depreciación del peso (banda cambiaria) como tampoco se eliminaron factores institucionales que afectan las tasas de interés. Además, en los últimos años se han producido cambios en la dirección del flujo de capitales internacionales hacia Colombia, que han alterado la tasa de cambio más fuertemente que la diferencia de las tasas de interés.
Functional outcome of instrumented and non-instrumented fusion in lumbar canal stenosis
Authors: Abdul Aziz Ansari Muqtadeer , Sasidharan Nair Pradeepkumar , Abdul Aziz Ansari Ishtyaque , Sonkawade Venktesh Dattatray
Published: August 2020

Background: Lumbar canal stenosis (LSS) is a source of significant morbidity and economic burden in the Indian population. Spinal canal compression is the sine qua non of lumbar canal stenosis but whether instrumentation should be done or not is the major dilemma. In this study, we aim to compare the functional outcome of instrumented versus non-instrumented fusions for the treatment of lumbar stenosis along with the post-operative complications and cost-effectiveness of both procedures.

Methods: This study was conducted at a tertiary-care medical college and hospital, Aurangabad specializing in post-graduate training, where all patients who underwent surgical treatment between May 2016 and May 2018 were included. Patients were assessed using the modified Oswestry disability index (MODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS). These evaluations were done at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months.

Results: We found similar pain relief and stabilization in both the groups in the initial post-operative period, but after 2 years, there was a significant difference (p=0.0001) between the two groups in terms of VAS (back) and MODI score. Complication rate was higher in instrumented patients. 

Conclusions: Patient selection is the most important thing in the management of lumbar canal stenosis. We believe that, with the flowchart on the management of lumbar canal stenosis, it would help choosing patients better as to who would require instrumented fusion. Non-instrumented fusions might cost less and have fewer complications, but the overall outcome of the patient in the future should be kept in mind.
A survey on feasibility of telehealth services among young Italian pharmacists
Authors: Baldoni Simone , Pallotta Graziano , Traini Enea , Sagaro Getu G. , Nittari Giulio , Amenta Francesco
Published: August 2020

Background: Telemedicine is defined as “the use of medical information exchanged from one site to another via electronic communications to improve a patient’s health status”. This relatively new concept of healthcare is based on the fusion between medical assistance and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to provide support to people located in remote and underserved areas. It can be found not only in hospitals, but also in other healthcare facilities such as pharmacies. Starting from 2010, telemedicine or telehealth was formally introduced in the Italian pharmaceutical context with the "Pharmacy of Services Decree". In spite of this regulatory framework, the implementation of this technology was very slow and there are no data about the spreading and use of these services in Italian pharmacies.

Objective: The present study has therefore developed a survey to collect information on the diffusion of telemedicine/telehealth services within Italian pharmacies.

Methods: A two-part questionnaire in Italian was developed using SurveyMonkey, setting a mechanism aimed to have different outcomes according to the answers given. Six hundred eighty-three respondents returned the questionnaire. The results were then analysed statistically.

Results: The questionnaire results have shown a limited diffusion of telemedicine/telehealth services among Italian pharmacies and an apparently limited interest of health authorities in supporting the integration of this technology.

Conclusions: More efforts should be spent by national public health stakeholders to better analyse the contribution of telemedicine services available in public pharmacies and to find the best solutions to implement this innovative technology as an established service.
The role of the community pharmacist in veterinary patient care: a cross-sectional study of pharmacist and veterinarian viewpoints
Authors: Fredrickson Mary E. , Terlizzi Hayley , Horne Rikki L. , Dannemiller Stanley
Published: August 2020

Background: The role of the community pharmacist is rapidly expanding to encompass the care of veterinary patients in the United States of America This change makes it imperative for pharmacists and veterinarians who practice in community settings to establish mutual agreement on the roles of pharmacists in the care of these patients.

Objective: To examine community-based pharmacist and veterinarian viewpoints on interprofessional collaboration and the role of the community pharmacist in veterinary patient care.

Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were sent to pharmacists and veterinarians who practice in a community setting in Ohio. Surveys collected demographic information and addressed the following themes: attitudes toward collaboration, perceived roles of the pharmacist, expectations of the pharmacist, and previous collaborative experiences. A chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.

Results: In total, 357 pharmacists and 232 veterinarians participated in the study. Both professions agreed that pharmacist-veterinarian collaboration is important in order to optimize veterinary patient care (chi-square (1, N=589)=7.7, p=0.006). Overall, veterinarians were more likely to identify an important role of the community pharmacist to be compounding medications (chi-square (1, N=589)=26.7, p<0.001) compared to counseling pet owners (chi-square (1, N=589)=171.7, p<0.001). Both groups reported similar levels of agreement regarding the importance for pharmacists to have adequate knowledge of veterinary medicine.

Conclusions: Our study found that while both pharmacists and veterinarians conveyed a positive attitude regarding interprofessional collaboration, they disagreed on what role the pharmacist should play in the care of veterinary patients. Rectifying the discordant perceptions of these health care professionals may be critical to developing collaborative initiatives and optimizing veterinary patient care.
HUMANIZAÇÃO NA PRÁTICA DOS PROFISSIONAIS DA SAÚDE
Authors: Furlan Lucas Viero , Silveira Katia Simone da Silva , Amaral Aline Indaia Dorneles do
Published: August 2020

Mudanças nas práticas de cuidado exercidas por profissionais da saúde vêm ocorrendo. Dentre estas, a inserção do humanismo por parte da Política Nacional de Humanização da Atenção e da Gestão em Saúde e do Projeto de Humanização no Sistema Único de Saúde. Entende-se que o humanismo seja um conjunto de valores que fundamentam a compreensão dos empreendimentos científicos e tecnológicos, considerando aspectos singulares na atenção aos sujeitos, como os seus interesses e necessidades. Portanto, este trabalho objetiva refletir sobre o processo de humanização e a ética nas práticas de cuidado por parte dos profissionais da saúde no Brasil, assim como, identificar as condutas dos profissionais de saúde perante a humanização na assistência à saúde. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa da literatura, utilizando teses, livros e artigos científicos sobre o tema, coletados nas bases de dados Periódicos CAPES, Scielo e Pepsic. O estudo resultou em dois eixos: política de humanização em saúde e a prática dos profissionais de saúde diante da humanização. As evidências indicam que o modo como o usuário do serviço é acolhido é significativo para o seu estado de saúde. Além disso, a humanização é de suma importância nas práticas dos profissionais da saúde por questões éticas, sendo necessário refletir sobre o modo de aprimoramento das políticas organizacionais e sociais para que seja possível oferecer um maior suporte ao direito dos usuários à saúde de qualidade.