bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A disease resistance protein triggers oligomerization of its NLR helper into a hexameric resistosome to mediate innate immunity
Authors: Madhuprakash Jogi , Toghani AmirAli , Contreras Mauricio P. , Posbeyikian Andres , Richardson Jake , Kourelis Jiorgos , Bozkurt Tolga O. , Webster Michael W. , Kamoun Sophien
Published: November 2024

NRCs are essential helper NLR (nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat) proteins that execute immune responses triggered by sensor NLRs. The resting state of NbNRC2 was recently shown to be a homodimer, but the sensor-activated state remains unclear. Using cryo-EM, we determined the structure of sensor-activated NbNRC2, which forms a hexameric inflammasome-like resistosome. Mutagenesis of the oligomerization interface abolished immune signaling, confirming the functional significance of the NbNRC2 resistosome. Comparative structural analyses between the resting state homodimer and sensor-activated homohexamer revealed substantial rearrangements, providing insights into NLR activation mechanisms. Furthermore, structural comparisons between NbNRC2 hexamer and previously reported CC-NLR pentameric assemblies revealed features allowing an additional protomer integration. Using the NbNRC2 hexamer structure, we assessed the recently released AlphaFold 3 for predicting activated CC-NLR oligomers, revealing high-confidence modeling of NbNRC2 and other CC-NLR amino-terminal α1 helices, a region proven difficult to resolve structurally. Overall, our work sheds light on NLR activation mechanisms and expands understanding of NLR structural diversity.
Self-adaptive photochromism
Authors: Sun Fanxi , Gao Ang , Yan Boyun , Zhang Jing , Wang Xiangru , Zhang Hanjun , Dai Dacheng , Zheng Yonghao , Deng Xu , Wei Chen , Wang Dongsheng
Published: November 2024

Organisms with active camouflage ability exhibit changeable appearance with the switching of environments. However, manmade active camouflage systems heavily rely on integrating electronic devices, which encounters problems including a complex structure, poor usability, and high cost . In the current work, we report active camouflage as an intrinsic function of materials by proposing self-adaptive photochromism (SAP). The SAP materials were fabricated using donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs) as the negative photochromic phases and organic dyes as the fixed phases (nonphotochromic). Incident light with a specific wavelength induces
linear
-to-
cyclic
isomerization of DASAs, which generates an absorption gap at the wavelength and accordingly switches the color. The SAP materials are in the primary black state under dark and spontaneously switch to another color upon triggering by transmitted and reflected light in the background. SAP films and coatings were fabricated by incorporating polycaprolactone and are applicable to a wide variety of surfaces.
Draft genome of
Bacillus velezensis
CMRP6330, a suitable biocontrol agent for disease management in crops
Authors: Teixeira Gustavo Manoel , Cordeiro Montanari Giovana Camila , Nicoletto Maria Luiza Abreu , da Silva Daniel Vieira , Noriler Sandriele Aparecida , de Oliveira João Paulo , da Silva Rodrigues Marcus Vinicius , Sipoli Sanches Danilo , de Padua Pereira Ulisses , Nunes da Rocha Ulisses , Oliveira Admilton Gonçalves de
Published: November 2024

As a biological alternative to managing diseases in crop production, we highlight the
Bacillus velezensis
strain LABIM41 (CMRP6330). Its genome, composed of 3,970,959 bp, possesses a rich metabolic machinery and a wide range of molecules with different biological activities and roles in its symbiotic relationship with its plant hosts.
Genome sequence of
Nitrosopumilus adriaticus
CCS1 assembled from an ammonia-oxidizing enrichment culture
Authors: Li Muzi , Thieringer Patrick H. , Bayer Barbara , Kellom Matthew , Santoro Alyson E.
Published: November 2024

We report the metagenome-assembled genome of an ammonia-oxidizing archaeon that is closely related to
Nitrosopumilus adriaticus
NF5 but shows distinct genomic features compared to strain NF5.
Measurement of the $$E_\textrm{p}=416.9$$ keV resonance strength in the $$^{29}$$Si(p,$$\gamma $$)$$^{30}$$P reaction
Authors: Mátyus Zs. , Csedreki L. , Fülöp Zs. , Halász Z. , Kiss G. G. , Szücs T. , Tóth Á. , Gyürky Gy.
Published: November 2024

Silicon isotopic ratios measured in meteoritic presolar grains can provide useful information about the nucleosynthesis origin of these isotopes if the rates of nuclear reactions responsible for their production are known. One of the key reactions determining the Si isotopic abundances is $$^{29}$$

29

Si(p,$$\gamma $$
γ
)$$^{30}$$

30

P. Its reaction rate is not known with sufficient precision due in part to some ambiguous resonance strength values. In the present work, the strength of the $$E_\textrm{p}$$

E
p

 = 416.9 keV resonance has been measured with high precision using the activation technique. The new strength of $$\omega \gamma = 219 \pm $$

ω
γ
=
219
±

 16 meV can be used in updated reaction rate estimations and astrophysical models.
NETWORK-DRIVEN GLOBAL STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR AN SVIRS EPIDEMIC MODEL
Authors: BARMAN MADHAB , MISHRA NACHIKETA
Published: November 2024

In this paper, an epidemic Susceptible–Vaccinated–Infected–Removed–Susceptible (SVIRS) model is presented on a weighted-undirected network with graph Laplacian diffusion. Disease-free equilibrium always exists while the existence and uniqueness of endemic equilibrium have been shown. When the basic reproduction number is below unity, the disease-free equilibrium is asymptotically globally stable. The endemic equilibrium is asymptotically globally stable if the basic reproduction number is above unity. Numerical analysis is illustrated with a road graph of the state of Minnesota. The effect of all important model parameters has been discussed.
STABILITY ANALYSIS OF GDP-NATIONAL DEBT DYNAMICS USING DELAY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Authors: CHEN QILIANG , DIPESH  , KUMAR PANKAJ , BASKONUS HACI MEHMET
Published: November 2024

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth and national debt are like two faces of the same coin. The national debt is the major source of growth of GDP. GDP is completely paralyzed in the absence of national debt. The national debt in turn is hugely dependent on foreign funding. The GDP is growing faster as a result of these investments. It is believed that the external debt will never be entirely settled. It takes some time for the agreement to mature before external investments become available in response to demand. The primary topic of this study is the delay in foreign investment’s real arrival and how it affects the dynamics of GDP and national debt. We investigate this impact with a delay parameter [Formula: see text]. The stability analysis is done on the system and the nonzero equilibrium is computed. For a crucial delay parameter value, Hopf bifurcation is seen. The research plays a significant role in economic growth.
Efficient generation, unimodular element in a geometric subring of a polynomial ring
Authors: Banerjee Sourjya , Bhaumik Chandan , Sarwar Husney Parvez
Published: November 2024

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative Noetherian ring of dimension [Formula: see text]. First, we define the “geometric subring” [Formula: see text] of a polynomial ring [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] of dimension [Formula: see text] (the definition of geometric subring is more general, see (1.2)). Then we prove that every locally complete intersection ideal of height [Formula: see text] is a complete intersection ideal. Thus, improving the general bound of Mohan Kumar [On two conjectures about polynomial rings, Invent. Math. 46(3) (1978) 225–236] for an arbitrary ring of dimension [Formula: see text]. Afterward, we deduce that every finitely generated projective [Formula: see text]-module of rank [Formula: see text] splits off a free summand of rank one. This improves the general bound of Serre [J.-P. Serre, Modules projectifs et espaces fibrés à fibre vectorielle. Séminaire Dubreil. Algébre et théorie des nombres, Volume 11 (1957–1958) no. 2, Talk No. 23, p. 18] for an arbitrary ring. Finally, applications are given to a set-theoretic generation of an ideal in the geometric ring [Formula: see text] and its polynomial extension [Formula: see text].
Distributive decomposition of near-vector spaces
Authors: Boonzaaier Leandro , Marques Sophie , Moore Daniella
Published: November 2024

This paper characterizes the regularity of arbitrary near-vector spaces by representing them as direct sums of vector spaces over division rings formed by distributive elements. This approach allows us to define the dimension of a near-vector space in terms of the dimensions of these summands, providing new insights into the structure and properties of near-vector spaces.
Characterization of rings with genus two cozero-divisor graphs
Authors: Mathil Praveen , Baloda Barkha , Kumar Jitender
Published: November 2024

Let [Formula: see text] be a ring with unity. The cozero-divisor graph of a ring [Formula: see text] is an undirected simple graph whose vertices are the set of all nonzero and non-unit elements of [Formula: see text] and two distinct vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The reduced cozero-divisor graph of a ring [Formula: see text] is an undirected simple graph whose vertex set is the set of all nontrivial principal ideals of [Formula: see text] and two distinct vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Jesili et al. [On the genus of reduced cozero-divisor graph of commutative rings, Soft Comput. 27(2) (2023) 657–666] classified all non-local commutative rings whose reduced cozero-divisor graph is of genus one. In this paper, we characterize all classes of finite non-local commutative rings whose reduced cozero-divisor graph is of genus two. Moreover, we classify all the non-local commutative rings whose cozero-divisor graph is of genus two.
A Dual-Stream Fusion Network for Human Energy Expenditure Estimation with Wearable Sensor
Authors: Xiao Shuo , Wang Zhiyu , Tang Chaogang , Huang Zhenzhen
Published: November 2024

With the increasing awareness of health, using wearable sensors to monitor individual activities and accurately estimate energy expenditure has become a current research focus. However, existing research encounters challenges including low estimation accuracy, a deficiency of frequency domain features, and difficulty in integrating time domain and frequency domain features. To address these issues, we propose an innovative framework called the Dual-Stream Fusion Network (DSFN). This framework combines the Time Domain Encoding (TDE) module, the Frequency Domain Hierarchical-Split Encoding (FDHSE) module, and a Two-Stage Feature Fusion (TSF) module. Specifically, the temporal stream of the framework employs the TDE module to capture deep temporal features that reflect the complex dynamic variations in time-series data. The frequency domain stream introduces the FDHSE module, which extracts frequency domain features using a multi-level, multi-scale approach, ensuring a comprehensive and diverse representation of frequency information. Through this dual-stream architecture, our model effectively learns both time and frequency domain features, addressing the limitations of frequency domain features observed in prior studies. Additionally, we propose the TSF module to fully integrate time and frequency domain features, effectively overcoming the challenge of fusing these two types of features. We conducted experiments on two public datasets, namely the GOTOV dataset (elderly people) and the JSI dataset (young people). Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves excellent performance across different age groups. Compared to the baseline models, the proposed DSFN significantly improves the accuracy of human energy expenditure estimation.
Bedding and bedding surfaces in carbonate and mixed carbonate–siliciclastic successions part 2: processes, identification and implications of diagenetic bedding
Authors: Wright V. Paul , Nohl Theresa , Munnecke Axel
Published: November 2024

Bedding and bedding surfaces in carbonate and mixed siliciclastic–carbonate successions can be diagenetic, not depositional, in origin and require interrogation to determine their true origins. This study reviews the different models and implications associated with diagenetic bedding and diagenetic bedding surfaces in such successions. Weathering, especially where strong lithological and mechanical differences occur, can make distinguishing primary and diagenetic bedding more difficult, and criteria are reviewed. Early, shallow diagenetic processes linked to mineral instability of aragonite, mediated by biochemical processes, are capable of producing bedding and bedding surfaces. Zones of early cementation within sediments can produce discrete beds and surfaces exemplified in the formation of limestone–marl alternations (LMAs). Variations in the degree of early cementation (‘stratified cementation’) in shallow buried argillaceous carbonate sediments affected by later compaction can produce layering, with beds showing little compaction separated by highly compacted, argillaceous fissile interbeds which develop bedding surfaces within those fissile units (‘couplets’). Where such diagenetic limestone beds form intrastratally, as in LMAs, they do not obey the principle of superposition and, by virtue of never having been deposited laterally adjacent to their associated deposits, do not comply with Walther's Law of Facies. Bedding surfaces associated with LMAs only become true surfaces when exhumed to produce some types of firmgrounds and hardgrounds.
Post Tungsten CMP Cleaning: Optimization for Cleaning Efficiency and Corrosion Reduction
Authors: Tseng Wei-Tsu , Chu Pinlei , Siddiqui Shahab , Canaperi Donald , Huang Ying-Pei , Gramigna Kathryn , Hsu Ping , Bernatis Paul
Published: November 2024

Tungsten chemical-mechanical planarization (W CMP) is among the first applications of the CMP process implemented in high volume semiconductor manufacturing. Alkaline chemicals such as diluted NH4OH have been the predominant choice of post W CMP clean due to charge repulsion between W and dielectric/abrasive surface in high pH. However, W dissolution occurs spontaneously above pH ∼ 4.0. Consequently, W corrosion can happen during post-CMP cleaning. From that perspective, acidic chemistry (e.g., pH < 4.0) seems a more benign choice to protect W, although at such low pH, isoelectric potential curves suggest coulombic attraction between W and oxide/silica surfaces, making it unfavorable for particle removal. The above pH dilemma for post-CMP cleaning and W protection can be managed by adding corrosion inhibitor to an alkaline chemical. Results from blanket and patterned wafers suggest reduction in surface defects and W dissolution can be accomplished simultaneously by an alkaline clean chemical with corrosion inhibitor (pH ∼ 9.78), which shows high cleaning efficiency and reduced W loss than citric acid-based chemical (pH ∼ 2.66), DIW, and diluted NH4OH. In addition, we show that DIW alone can induce severe W dissolution in features of fine geometry. Possible counter measures against such DIW-induced W corrosion are discussed.
Tunable Negative Permittivity and Magnetic Properties of Ag/BLM Ceramic Metacomposites
Authors: Chen Min , Xu Lixue , Ji Yaxuan , Chen Shuxin
Published: November 2024

Percolation composites with tunable negative permittivity have garnered significant attention due to their potential applications. However, studies on the magnetic property and negative permittivity of ceramic composites at a frequency range of 100 MHz to 1 GHz are relatively scarce. In this paper, the porous La-doped barium ferrite (BLM) ceramics were immersed in silver nitrate solution, then put the dried porous BLM ceramics loaded with silver nitrate into a box furnace and calcined at 400 °C for 30 min to decompose the silver nitrate. Ag content could increase by increasing the number of impregnation-calcinations, therefore Ag/BLM ceramic metacomposites with varying Ag content were prepared. We investigate the permittivity, reactance, and permeability of Ag/BLM ceramic metacomposites at 100 MHz ∼ 1 GHz. The findings indicate that the percolation threshold for Ag/BLM ceramic metacomposites is between 10 wt% and 19 wt%. When Ag content reaches 19 wt%, it creates a conductive network that generates a high number of free electrons. This leads to low-frequency plasma states and results in negative permittivity. Meanwhile, the permeability of Ag/BLM ceramic metacomposites shows the frequency dispersion due to the magnetic resonance and eddy current. Therefore, this work presents an effective approach for adjusting the value of negative permittivity and permeability in the frequency band of 10 MHz ∼1 GHz.
Improved Calculation Method for Shear Stress Nonuniformity Coefficient of Thin‐Walled Flat Box Sections
Authors: Ling Lihua , Chen Changsong , Wang Jin , Yan Donghuang
Published: November 2024

Based on the shear flow theory for thin‐walled sections, a method for calculating the shear stress nonuniformity coefficient (µ) of a thin‐walled section is proposed according to the energy principle, and the formulas for calculating the µ values of several common sections are derived. The obtained µ value of a box section increases as the aspect ratio increases. Compared with commonly used calculation methods, the proposed method gives more reasonable results and shows that the effect of shear stress in the flange of the flat box section should not be ignored. The effects of the web and flange thicknesses on µ are analyzed and discussed. Based on these effects, a simplified method for calculating the µ value of complex box sections is presented, and this method is demonstrated to considerably reduce the calculation error and meet engineering needs.
Push‐Out Bond Strength of Fiber‐Reinforced Post Using Various Post Space Irrigation Treatments
Authors: Shahrokhi Amir Mohammad , Shahrokhi Amir Ali , Asghari Raoufeh , Badiee Mehdi , Seyedan Kaveh
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aims to provide the impact of different endodontic irrigation treatments after post space preparation on the push‐out bond strength of fiber posts to dentin using self‐adhesive cements.

Methods and Materials: A total of 180 extracted premolar teeth were selected. The canals were instrumented by and then were filled. After preparing the post space, teeth were divided into 12 groups according to irrigants (normal saline solution; 17% EDTA [ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid] + 5.25% NaOCl [sodium hypochlorite]; 17% EDTA; 5.25% NaOCl; and 1.2% chlorhexidine [CHX]) and irrigation technique (conventional syringe irrigation [CSI] and passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI]). After cementation, the samples were sectioned to obtain 1‐mm disks from coronal and apical parts, a push‐out test was performed using a universal testing machine (Z050, Zwick/Roell, Ulm, Germany) at a speed of 1 mm/min. The data were analyzed using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Mann–Whitney U tests.

Results: The push‐out bond strength was higher in coronal segment in comparison to apical segment. The highest push‐out bond strength value was related to NaOCl + EDTA using PUI (12.39 ± 1.08). There are significant differences when comparing NaOCl + EDTA group with EDTA group using CSI or PUI technique (p  < 0.05) except in coronal region with CSI technique. In both apical and coronal regions, phosphoric acid irrigation was found to be similar to normal saline solution and CHX groups regardless of activation technique.

Conclusion: The push‐out bond strength values were significantly affected by the irrigation protocol. Using PUI and 17% EDTA + 5.25% NaOCl in apical region could be an effective irrigant for smear layer removal after post space preparation.
Intraperitoneal Bleeding After Ultrasound‐Guided Transperineal Prostate Biopsy
Authors: Chapman Lisa , Keihani Sorena , Sanchez Alejandro
Published: November 2024

Transperineal prostate biopsy is becoming a popular approach in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Urethral bleeding and urinary retention are the most common complications. We report a case of intraperitoneal bleeding after transperineal prostate biopsy in a patient with history of focal therapy for prostate cancer. The patient presented with dizziness, abdominal pain, and tenderness a few hours after the procedure. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed intraperitoneal bleeding. He was managed conservatively without needing any interventions or blood transfusion. Intraperitoneal bleeding is a possible, rare, and unexpected complication after transperineal biopsy especially in smaller prostates with prior procedures and scarring.
An Optimized 3D Printer by Enhancing Material Properties and Surface Finish of PLA Through Modifications
Authors: Ghaffar Asim , Riaz Muhammad Tanveer , Rehman Abdur , Al Mahmud M. M. Sayed
Published: November 2024

This research investigates the optimization of 3D printer settings to enhance the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) printed parts. A fundamental aspect of this study involves the design and development of a 3D printer capable of accommodating varied printing parameters. The parameters under consideration include extruder temperature, layer height, print speed, and infill density. Through experimentation, the tensile strength and the bending strength of PLA material are systematically evaluated against these printing parameters. The results unveil significant correlations between printing parameters and mechanical properties. It is observed that increasing the extruder temperature up to 220°C increases the material strength, beyond which a decline is evident due to overextrusion and material degradation. Conversely, increasing the layer height leads to a reduction in strength, attributed to diminished layer adhesion and structural integrity. Moreover, decreasing print speed is found to enhance strength at the expense of increased print time, suggesting a trade‐off between efficiency and mechanical performance. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that augmenting infill density contributes to a notable increase in material strength, underscoring the importance of internal reinforcement in enhancing structural integrity. These findings provide valuable insights into the optimization of 3D printing processes for PLA materials, offering guidelines for achieving superior mechanical properties through precise calibration of printing parameters.
Black Raspberry Modulates Cecal and Oral Microbiomes at the Early Stage of a Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene-Induced Murine Oral Cancer Model
Authors: Zhao Jingcheng , Sun Yuan-Wan , Chen Kun-Ming , Aliaga Cesar , Bisanz Jordan E. , El-Bayoumy Karam
Published: November 2024

While tobacco smoking is a risk factor in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), only a fraction of smokers develop the disease. Compelling evidence shows that microbial community composition is associated with carcinogenesis, suggesting that the microbiome may play a role in cancer development of smokers. We previously showed that black raspberry (BRB) protects against OSCC induced by the tobacco constituent dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBP) via alteration of genetic and epigenetic markers in a manner consistent with its cancer preventive activity. In the present study, we conducted a mouse experiment to investigate the effects of BRB and DBP individually and in combination on the oral and gut microbiota. DBP-induced DNA damage in the mouse oral cavity is an essential step for the development of OSCC in mice. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that BRB significantly increased microbial diversity and shifted microbiome composition in the gut and oral cavity, whereas DBP had no significant effect. In both gut and oral microbiota, Akkermansia muciniphila was significantly reduced after BRB treatment; however, this was not consistent with pure culture in vitro assays suggesting that the impact of BRB on A. muciniphila may be mediated through indirect mechanisms including the host or other microbes. Indeed BRB, but not DBP, was found to modulate the growth kinetics of human gut microbes in vitro including lactic acid bacteria and Bacteroides spp. The results of the current study further emphasize the interplay of microbiome and environmental factors in the development and prevention of OSCC.

Prevention Relevance: Our work clearly demonstrates the modulatory impact of BRB on both gut and oral microbiomes within a DBP-induced OSCC mouse model and paves the way for future research examining a causal role of BRB–microbiota interactions at different stages of disease progression.
Supplementary Table 6 from Spatial Multiomics Reveals Intratumoral Immune Heterogeneity with Distinct Cytokine Networks in Lung Cancer Brain Metastases
Authors: Christensson Gustav , Bocci Matteo , Kazi Julhash U. , Durand Geoffroy , Lanzing Gustav , Pietras Kristian , Gonzalez Velozo Hugo , Hagerling Catharina
Published: November 2024

Predicted ligand-target interactions between immune and MTC networks across all networks (first sheet), adjacent networks (second sheet), immune networks including those not spatially adjacent (third sheet) and interactions plotted in Fig. 4c-d (fourth sheet).
Supplementary Figure S6 from Spatial Multiomics Reveals Intratumoral Immune Heterogeneity with Distinct Cytokine Networks in Lung Cancer Brain Metastases
Authors: Christensson Gustav , Bocci Matteo , Kazi Julhash U. , Durand Geoffroy , Lanzing Gustav , Pietras Kristian , Gonzalez Velozo Hugo , Hagerling Catharina
Published: November 2024

S6. Calculations of spatial colocalization metrics using the phenoptrReports package.
The Temporal Relation of Physical Function with Cognition and the Influence of Brain Health in the Oldest-Old
Authors: Legdeur Nienke , Badissi Maryam , Venkatraghavan Vikram , Woodworth Davis C. , Orlhac Fanny , Vidal Jean-Sébastien , Barkhof Frederik , Kawas Claudia H. , Visser Pieter Jelle , Corrada María M. , Muller Majon , Rhodius-Meester Hanneke F.M.
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Physical function and cognition seem to be interrelated, especially in the oldest-old. However, the temporal order in which they are related and the role of brain health remain uncertain. Methods: We included 338 participants (mean age 93.1 years) from two longitudinal cohorts: the UCI 90+ Study and EMIF-AD 90+ Study. We tested the association between physical function (Short Physical Performance Battery, gait speed, and handgrip strength) at baseline with cognitive decline (MMSE, memory tests, animal fluency, Trail Making Test (TMT-) A, and digit span backward) and the association between cognition at baseline with physical decline (mean follow-up 3.3 years). We also tested whether measures for brain health (hippocampal, white matter lesion, and gray matter volume) were related to physical function and cognition and whether brain health was a common driver of the association between physical function and cognition by adding it as confounder (if applicable). Results: Better performance on all physical tests at baseline was associated with less decline on MMSE, memory, and TMT-A. Conversely, fewer associations were significant, but better scores on memory, TMT-A, and digit span backward were associated with less physical decline. When adding measures for brain health as confounder, all associations stayed significant except for memory with gait speed decline. Conclusion: In the oldest-old, physical function and cognition are strongly related, independently of brain health. Also, the association between physical function and cognitive decline is more pronounced than the other way around, suggesting a potential for slowing cognitive decline by optimizing physical function.
De genitura - ΠΕΡΙ ΓΟΝΗΣ [Hipócrates]
Authors: Marino Silvio
Published: November 2024

I offer here a translation into Portuguese of 'De genitura' of the 'Hippocratic Collection', the first part of 'De genitura/De natura pueri', which is the first text the tradition transmitted entirely about the origin of the semen and embryology. The translation is introduced by a brief description of the author and the text, and accompanied by footnotes which are intended to clarify the text and the context.
Emendar e prescrever: a ação pastoral de bispos do norte de Portugal entre finais do século XV e início do XVI
Authors: Marques Diovani Matheus
Published: November 2024

Entre meados do século XV e início do século XVI, num contexto de fortalecimento de políticas catequéticas em diferentes dioceses de Portugal, bispos de Braga e do Porto produziram importantes obras pastorais visando corrigir o comportamento dos fiéis e criar parâmetros de conduta. Entre as diferentes obras produzidas, destacaram-se a produção e difusão de constituições sinodais no norte de Portugal, tendo um enorme destaque aquelas promulgadas por D. Luís Pires e D. Diogo de Sousa, em que não apenas denunciaram práticas taxadas de pecaminosas, mas também catalogaram exercícios devocionais que clérigos e leigos tinham de conhecer para reproduzi-los no cotidiano. Partindo das constituições de D. Luís Pires (1477), de D. Diogo de Sousa, promulgadas no Porto (1496) e também em Braga (1505), bem como de um guia espiritual anexo às constituições portuenses de 1496, intitulado Sumário Breve, este artigo buscará analisar o espaço reservado às vidas dos leigos nessas produções a partir do mapeamento das críticas que eram direcionadas a esses fiéis e através da análise sobre o papel que era atribuído aos exercícios devocionais que estavam presentes nesse corpus documental na formação espiritual dos leigos.
Interfacility Transfer for Thrombectomy: A Promising Therapeutic Window
Authors: Seners Pierre , Baron Jean-Claude , Wouters Anke , Desilles Jean-Philippe , Pico Fernando , Macrez Richard , Olivot Jean-Marc , Lemmens Robin , Albers Gregory W. , Lansberg Maarten G.
Published: November 2024

Currently, most acute ischemic stroke patients presenting with a large vessel occlusion are first evaluated at a nonthrombectomy-capable center before transfer to a comprehensive stroke center that performs thrombectomy. Interfacility transfer is a complex process that requires extensive coordination between the referring, transporting, and receiving facilities. As a result, long delays are common, contributing to poor clinical outcomes. In this review, we summarize the accumulating literature about the clinical as well as radiological—infarct growth, collateral change, arterial recanalization, and hemorrhagic transformation—changes during interfacility transfer for thrombectomy. Recent evidence shows that clinical/radiological changes during transfer are heterogeneous across patients and impact long-term functional outcomes, highlighting the urgent need to optimize care during this time window. We review some of the most promising therapeutic strategies—for example, penumbral protection to reduce infarct growth—that may improve clinical outcome in patients being transferred to thrombectomy-capable centers. Finally, we discuss key methodological considerations for designing clinical trials aimed at reducing infarct growth during transfer.
The Literary Structure and Schematic Clauses in 1 En. 72:8–32
Authors: Drawnel Henryk
Published: November 2024

This paper presents an analysis of the literary structure of 1 En. 72:8–32, which contains numerical data regarding the changing duration of day and night within the structure of the 364-day year. The central literary section of each month provides the reader with information about the changing length of day and night. The schematic clauses have been analyzed in the context of two Babylonian texts: Tablet BM 17175 + 17284 and Tablet XIV of the Enūma Anu Enlil astrological series. The redactional insertion in v. 27 has been compared with MUL.APIN II i 17, which contains the same information about the sun, but couched in a different terminology. The analysis demonstrates the process of appropriation, reinterpretation, and modification of schematic astronomical knowledge of Babylonian origin, as evidenced by the established relationship between the early form of Babylonian schematic astronomy and chapter 72 of 1 Enoch.
Using People to Serve Their Own Interests
Authors: Van Fossen Stephanie
Published: November 2024

There are some cases where it appears permissible to perform a rescue at someone’s expense, and other cases where it appears impermissible to do so. Existing explanations for our asymmetric moral judgments about such cases either fail to provide intuitive moral verdicts or lack a satisfying rationale. In this article, I propose a new explanation of what is morally problematic about certain rescues that is subject to neither issue. My proposal is a version of the means principle which adds the essential caveat that there is no moral presumption against using someone as a means to benefit herself. By attributing moral significance to the victim’s relationship to the beneficiary rather than the agent alone, my solution points to a new underlying rationale for the means principle as well as extensional and explanatory inadequacies in competing theories.
Utilising brewer’s spent grain as a cost-effective feed formula for sustainable house cricket (Acheta domesticus) rearing
Authors: Taesuk N. , Upan J. , Siriamornpun S. , Bunphan D. , Sangkaew M.
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the potential of brewer’s spent grain (BSG) as a cost-effective alternative to soybean meal in the diets of house crickets (Acheta domesticus) to enhance sustainable cricket rearing. BSG, a by-product of the brewing industry, was chosen due to its local availability and high protein content (38%). Here, the impacts of varying levels of BSG substitution (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) on the growth performance, nutrient utilisation, chemical composition, and volatile compound profiles of crickets over a 45-day period was assessed. Crickets were reared under controlled conditions and divided into five groups, each receiving one of the experimental diets. Growth performance parameters, including body weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio, were measured. Chemical analysis of the crickets and their diets was conducted, focusing on protein efficiency ratio, apparent dry matter digestibility (ADMD), and nitrogen retention. Volatile compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Crickets fed BSG diets exhibited higher protein deposition and lower fat content compared to those on a commercial diet, suggesting BSG’s potential to improve protein quality while reducing fat accumulation. ADMD was also higher in BSG-fed crickets, likely due to the prebiotic effects of components such as β-glucans and arabinoxylans. Additionally, the inclusion of BSG up to 30% in cricket diets reduced production costs by up to 29% compared to a commercial diet. Volatile compound analysis revealed that crickets fed BSG diets produced different odour profiles, with 2-heptanone, a compound with a fruity aroma, detected only in BSG-fed crickets. These findings suggest that BSG is a viable and sustainable ingredient for cricket feed, offering both economic and nutritional benefits while also influencing the sensory characteristics of crickets. Further research is recommended to optimise BSG inclusion levels and explore its broader applications in insect and animal farming.
Death, Burial, and Commemoration in 19th- and Early–20th Century British ‘Lunatic Asylum’ and ‘Mental Hospital’ Cemeteries
Authors: Farrow Thomas J.
Published: November 2024

Throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth century, ‘lunatic asylums’ and ‘mental hospitals’ in Britain were legally obliged to provide for the burial of deceased patients whose remains were not reclaimed by relatives or guardians. While burial in local churchyards and cemeteries was idealised in administrative guidance, burial frequently took place in onsite asylum cemeteries instead. Due to their poor historic documentation, these spaces and practices have not been readily foregrounded within existing literature and have received only limited scholarly address. In the present paper, a broad range of documentary and material evidence will be presented, correlated, and thematically arranged, facilitating for the first time a sustained review and interrogation of these spaces and practices. This will contextualise further enquiry into the historic emotional significance of these sites and practices, employing theoretical lenses of ‘remembering’ and ‘forgetting’ in relation to the navigation of grief, memory, and complicated loss. This paper will thereby demonstrate how novel multidisciplinary research methodologies – further to facilitating the reconstruction of understudied spaces and practices in the history of psychiatry – can also be used to gain insight into the emotional histories of marginalised populations of the past, many of whom are under-represented in fragmentary and authoritatively authored historic documentary records.
Delivering Justice
Authors: Hodges Christopher
Published: November 2024

The legal system needs to slay some myths. Focusing on access to justice avoids the critical issue of whether justice is actually delivered, in enough individual cases and as a whole. Retaining an adversarial dispute resolution model avoids the reality that it cannot work absent a consistently reliable source of funding, and more investigative models are cheaper and quicker. Focusing on deterrence avoids the fact that the empirical evidence that imposing deterrent sanctions has at best limited effect of the future behaviour of people or organisations, and that those regulators and organisations that have based their approaches on behavioural psychology and ethical cultures are notably effective in affecting change and future behaviour. In short, for all these reasons, our approach to dispute resolution is now out-of-date. There has been diversification in techniques (mediation and other ADR techniques in addition to adjudication), in technologies (online process, use of artificial intelligence), in pathways (Ombudsmen have replaced lawyers and courts in consumer- trader disputes, and are set to do so in the property sector; new regulatory bodies have been created for disputes involving small businesses), and in functions (Ombudsmen and regulators use data from inquiries and disputes as tools of market surveillance and behavioural intervention). The reality is that we need a new start to look objectively at considerable diversity and to design a new system that integrates all techniques, technologies, pathways and functions into a single coordinated system. This article summarises a recent holistic review of the system in England (and partly Wales) and outlines its conclusions.
Regionalism in the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Titles: Implications for Public Policy Scrutiny
Authors: Domej Tanja
Published: November 2024

This article addresses the problems that public policy continues to pose as a ground for the denial of recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions. After analysing the various attempts (failed and successful) to abolish the public policy exception within the European Union, as well as the dialogue on this matter between the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union, the author considers the possibility of overcoming the excessively national notions of public policy to build a regional concept, which might allow avoiding some of the difficulties associated with this notion.
Analyse Comparative / Comparative Perspectives
Authors: Harsági Viktória
Published: November 2024

This article describes and analyses the collective redress mechanisms system introduced in Hungary by the new Hungarian Code of Civil Procedure in 2018. Before this reform the regulation of multi-party litigation was typically sectoral and limited to a certain narrow area. The experiences of the past decades urged Hungarian specialists to reconsider the adequacy of the former legal regulations regarding collective redress. The article compares the legislation that finally entered into force with the Expert Proposal made during the codification process. The evaluation of the new regulation focuses mainly on the following areas: the limited scope of the new law and the question of the control over the representative claimant.
Devoir de Loyauté et Exécution Forcée: Réflexion sur le Solidarisme Procédural
Authors: Djonga Pierre
Published: November 2024

The requirements of modern procedural law require reflection on the necessary respect for the duty of loyalty in matters of forced execution and procedural solidarity. In this regard, we note that non-observance of the duty of loyalty and the principle of proportionality by the parties and the actors of the forced execution is penalised. Since the principle of procedural fairness tends to acquire autonomous importance, disloyalty must be penalised, wherever it comes from. The prohibition of abusive and unjustified measures is part of this, for example. However, there are a number of burdens which hamper the observance of the duty of loyalty and the effectiveness of procedural solidarity, in particular the upsurge in abusive measures and the excess of zeal of certain actors of forced execution. Therefore, legislative reform accompanied by a real change of mentality is necessary. The aim is to view forced execution not as a test of strength, but as a shared undertaking in which solidarity prevails between the parties. Clearly, better a bad negotiated execution than a difficult, long and costly forced execution.
Analyse Comparative / Comparative Perspectives
Authors: Stürner Michael
Published: November 2024

On 18 March 1970, the Hague Convention on the Taking of Evidence Abroad in Civil or Commercial Matters was concluded. On the occasion of the Convention’s Golden Anniversary, this article takes a look back on the major issues that arose in the cross- border cooperation between the Contracting States, for example the notorious orders for discovery and the reservation in Article 23 of the Convention. In its second part, the article sketches the way forward. The key lies in openness to new technologies to facilitate the cross-border taking of evidence. As the Convention uses technology-neutral language, it is still able to cater for the needs of the modern civil process, as demonstrates the 2020 Guide to Good Practice on the Use of Video-Link.
Acciones Colectivas Para La Protección Transfronteriza De Datos Personales
Authors: Pato Alexia , Pineau Elena Rodríguez
Published: November 2024

The recent Directive (EU) 2020/1828 on representative actions for the protection of the collective interests of consumers allows qualified entities to bring legal actions relating to personal data protection, and that without prejudice to Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (GDPR). This article analyses to what extent the remedies in the Directive overlap with the collective redress regime of Article 80 of the GDPR and to what extent the new Directive offers qualified entities alternatives to the GDPR. The conclusion is disappointing, particularly from the point of view of cross-border data protection actions, because the Directive has not addressed the issue of international jurisdiction.
What We Talk About When We Talk About Consumer Odr: The Eu Odr Regulation and Its Preliminary Lessons
Authors: Colombo Giorgio Fabio
Published: November 2024

After providing a short theoretical framework about the definition and the boundaries of the notion of “Online Dispute Resolution” (ODR), this article carries out a preliminary analysis of the impact of EU Regulation No 524/2013 on online dispute resolution for consumer disputes. This critical assessment is also used as a basis for a broader reflection on the still-unexpressed potential of ODR. From this perspective, the article offers some suggestions on how to effectively implement successful ODR legislation based on the successes and pitfalls of several EU countries’ experiences. In particular, the article argues that a tool primarily conceived for solving cross-border consumer disputes may indeed also be used for domestic disputes, as well as for B2B differences.
‘Undressing’ The Procedure: Three Limits of Civil Procedure and the Role of Proportionality
Authors: Osna Gustavo
Published: November 2024

A recurrent observation in the civil procedural doctrine is that civil litigation is embedded with virtuous promises, which are not always achieved. This article delves into this debate. In this sense, the author first aims to ‘undress’ a mythical view of the procedure, exposing its material limitations, its fallibility and its excluding logic. After that, the author points out proportionality as a criterion able to allow a more appropriate reframing of procedural theory. The author concludes that, if civil procedure is not capable of achieving everything, this criterion seems to be the best alternative to truly maximise dispute resolution effectiveness.
La Représentation Des Mineurs à L’action en Justice en Matière Civile: Faculté Ou Obligation D’agir?
Authors: Lemo Leonard
Published: November 2024

While the optional nature of the legal action does not raise any particular difficulties when it can be exercised by the holders of the right to act themselves, it may be otherwise when it is intended to be exercised in the name of and on behalf of others, in particular minors who generally do not have capacity to undertake litigation. The examination of the textual provisions which organise the representation of minors makes it possible to qualify the answer to the question of whether the representation of those persons who lack capacity to undertake legal proceedings is optional or compulsory. This article intends to deepen the reflection in order to be able to determine the respective areas of the ability to act and the obligation to act in representation of minors in a legal action.
Procédure Civile Québécoise – Quand Un Protocole En Chasse Un Autre
Authors: Guillemard Sylvette
Published: November 2024

On 15 March 2023, the Quebec legislature passed an Act to improve the efficiency and accessibility of justice, in particular by promoting mediation and arbitration and by simplifying civil procedure in the Court of Québec. The changes made by the Act fall into three broad categories: some are new, such as the appointment of notaries to the bench, which until then had been reserved for members of the Bar; the Act also affects the Conseil de la magistrature, both in terms of its composition and its transparency; and lastly, the Act amends the Code of Civil Procedure through measures expressly mentioned in the title. What is missing from the title, however, is an objective that has recurred in the various metamorphoses of Quebec civil procedure over the years: speed. Perhaps the latter is subsumed under “simplicity”. To achieve its goals – simplicity and speed – the legislature has completely overhauled the procedure applicable to claims brought before the Court of Québec. It has not hesitated to do away with an instrument introduced some 20 years ago, known today as the “protocole de l’instance”, and has given greater importance to an unidentified procedural object, the “protocole préjudiciaire”.