bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The intraoperative pathological findings in cases of chronic suppurative otitis media with central perforation of tympanic membrane at a tertiary care centre in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Sanjeev Kumar Thakur  , Nisha Ghimire  , Rabin Acharya  , Sanjay Kumar Singh  , Anwar Afaque
Published: January 2025

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is the chronic inflammation of the middle ear cleft. The atticoantral type is called unsafe type because of the associated complications due to granulations and cholesteatoma which may be life-threatening. CSOM with central perforation (tubotympanic type) is usually not associated with major complications such as cholesteatoma formation.
Aims and Objectives: To find out the intraoperative pathological findings in cases of CSOM with central perforation (tubotympanic type)
Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross sectional study has been conducted in the Department of Ear, Biratnagar Eye Hospital in Nepal over 2 years. Study group includes 172 patients having CSOM with central perforations in the tympanic membranes who underwent different types of procedures. Preoperatively, all the patients were evaluated with otoscopy, microscopy, pure-tone audiometry, and some patients with computed tomography scan. The pathological findings were confirmed with biopsy. The findings were tabulated and analysed.
Results: 21(12.2%) patients were having dry central perforation with normal Eustachian tube function.  95 patients, i.e., 55.23% were having granulations in attic, aditus, antrum.  25 (14.53%) cases were having ossicular erosion.5 (2.9%) cases had tympanosclerosis in middle ear. 1 (0.58%) case had facial nerve dehiscence. 16 (9.3%) cases had oedema of middle ear mucosa/aural polyp from middle ear. Surprisingly 9 patients, i.e., 5.23% were having cholesteatoma which was confirmed by histopathological study.
Conclusion: This study shows that cholesteatoma can be found in tubotympanic type of CSOM, along with other pathological findings. Hence it is on the part of the surgeon to be careful while planning surgery on their patients with CSOM (tubotympanic type), remembering that all safe CSOM might not always be safe. 
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 42-47
Oxidative stress, plasma/salivary antioxidant status detection and health risk factors
Authors: Vadala Maria  , Palmieri Beniamino  , Malagoli Andrea  , Laurino Carmen
Published: January 2025

Background: Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of several diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, cancer, neurodegeneration.
Aims and Objectives: Our study evaluated the oxidant/antioxidant status on a cohort of healthy patients matched with some independent variables as a basic individual redox balance monitor on a disease-prevention perspective.
Materials and Methods: The anecdotic, retrospective and observational study included 200 apparently healthy volunteers after formal informed consent release whose personal history and physical examination had been recorded specifically on the following items: age, previous diseases, sport activities, smoking habit, balanced/unbalanced nutrition, current absence/presence of inflammatory processes, oral health hygiene, administration of oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. No drug treatment was admitted in the recruited patients, up to 6 months before the evaluation. The laboratory instruments used were Point of care FRAS 4 Evolvo (H&D, Parma, Italy) measuring the oxidative stress in plasma samples and antioxidant capacity in plasma and saliva samples.
Results: Two-hundred patients were recruited. Statistically relevant differences were observed in oxidative stress-related variables, namely a significant relationship between plasma oxidative stress level and female gender (p<0.01), between saliva antioxidant level and age (p=0.01), between plasma antioxidant level and unbalanced diet (p<0.01), between plasma oxidative stress level and inflammation in the oral cavity (p=0.04), and between saliva antioxidant level and inflammation in the oral cavity (p<0.01).
Conclusions: A relationship between oxidative/antioxidant status and health risk factors has been outlined in our study; the achieved data are quite helpful, in the clinical practice, providing additional information on individual general health conditions, putatively related to prevention diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment effectiveness in some specific diseases.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 32-41
A case of Ogilvie’s syndrome associated with electrolyte imbalance in a healthy individual
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Chinganthara Cleetus Suresh  , Dilshad Kadengil  , Prasad Thomas  , Jishnu Jayaraj
Published: January 2025

Ogilvie’s syndrome or acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is a rare and acquired disorder characterized by significant dilatation of the colon. The condition is mainly seen in hospitalized patients with medical or surgical problems. We report the case of a middle aged healthy lady who presented with Ogilvie’s syndrome with associated electrolyte imbalance in the form of hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia. Ogilvie’s syndrome itself is a rare condition, and to the best of our knowledge has not been reported among healthy individuals yet.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 100-103
Gender differences in awareness of diabetes mellitus among the rural population
Authors: Iyshwarya Udaya Kumar  , Jaya Prakash Murthy  , Ujwal Upadya  , Mahesh Venkatesh
Published: January 2025

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disorder, which is becoming rapidly epidemic in India.There are many complications occur due to uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.The outcome of diabetes depends mainly on the patient’s self-management like health-related behavior, which is based on his or her knowledge. Awareness on diabetes mellitus is still a lacunae among the Indian population.
Aims and Objective: To determine the knowledge regarding awareness of diabetes like the risk factors, symptoms, complications and the management among the males and females in rural population.
Materials and Methods: It is a cross sectional study conducted at the tertiary care center in rural Bangalore. A structured questionnaire was used and 300 adults were assessed on their knowledge regarding the awareness of diabetes.
Result: Out of 300 adults, 159 adults (53%) had a history of diabetes. There was no gender difference observed regarding the awareness, nor the education played a role. There was significant difference observed in knowledge of diabetes Mellitus among the diabetics with respect to renal complications (p <0.013), symptoms like blurring of vision (p < 0.043) and burning feet (p < 0.009).
Conclusion: Both the diabetic and non-diabetic groups had very low awareness regarding diabetes and associated risk factors. Both Males and females awareness levels were poor. Proper Diabetic education programme will help in raising public awareness of the disease.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(2) 2017 44-49
Endodontically treated primary second molar giving rise to formation of dentigerous cyst
Authors: Somnath Chakraborty  , Pradeep Rastogi
Published: January 2025

The primary teeth with infected root canals, especially in those cases in which infection has spread to the periradicular tissues are common problem associated with primary dentition. Thus in the feld of pediatric dentistry, pulpectomy is considered to be the safe, commonest and successful treatment procedure for primary dentition with periapical inﬂammation. Sometimes even after pulpectomy, there remains some residual periapical infection which can lead to some complications like dentigerous cyst.Dentigerous cyst is an epithelial-lined developmental cavity that encloses the crown of an unerupted tooth at the cementoenamel junction. The present case report describes a case of a 9 year old boy whose primary second molar was pulpectomizedand later on lead to the development of a dentigerous cyst.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(2) 2017 90-93
Occult Plummer Vinson syndrome in a patient with haemorrhoids
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Shanija P  , Ramesh Naga Supreeth
Published: January 2025

Plummer Vinson syndrome is a rare condition characterised by the triad of dysphagia,irondeficiency anaemia,and upper oesophageal webs. This is a case of a middle aged lady who presented with fatigue and was diagnosed to have iron deficiency anaemia. She did not have any complaints of dysphagia. On endoscopic evaluation she was found to have post cricoid web and haemorrhoids. Since post cricoid webs can complicate to squamous cell carcinoma of gastrointestinal tract, this case highlights the importance of endoscopic evaluation of all patients presenting with severe iron deficiency anaemia even in the absence of dysphagia, to rule out occult Plummer Vinson syndrome.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(3) 2017 81-83
Kimura’s disease: a cheek presentation
Authors: Manoj Gopalakrishnan  , Robin George Manappallil  , Dipu Ramdas  , Neena Mampilly
Published: January 2025

No abstract
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(4) 2017 64-65
Physical activity and dietary patterns: a health risk behavior cluster pattern analysis of students in a Caribbean medical school
Authors: Samal Nauhria  , Sanjib Das  , Kusai M Alsalhanie  , Anmol Goyal  , Brijinder K Gupta  , Olawole Akinboboye  , Oghenetega Ehwarieme
Published: January 2025

Background: Collegial effects of variable lifestyle risk behaviors on the high incidence of chronic conditions are pivotal issues in defining overall health and public wellness. Medical students are expected to have a superior understanding of health issues but the majority of them lead an unhealthy lifestyle.
Aims and Objectives: This study examined the prevalence and clustering patterns of multiple health risk behaviors among students of a Caribbean medical school.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the first and second-year medical students by using questionnaire which assessed multiple health behaviors including physical activity patterns, fruits, vegetables and breakfast consumption. Age and gender specific clustering patterns of various risk behaviors were identified.
Results: Study suggested that male students were more active than female students (p<0.01). Gender non-specific younger age group was more active than older age group (p<0.001). The frequency of breakfast consumption was higher in males (p<0.01). Fruit & vegetable consumption was higher in older students (p<0.01) irrespective of gender. A cluster of three health risk behavior was found in 10% of the total students while only 7% met the recommendations for all three health risk behaviors. BMI of the majority of students (72%) was found to be within normal range. The primary motivation for performing physical activity in 35% students was to lose weight or maintain appearance and in 31% to eliminate stress.
Conclusion: Many medical students still fail to meet the physical activity and dietary recommendations which may be attributed to their busy schedules and academic overload.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(4) 2017 50-56
Dengue fever with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus coinfection: A fatal combination
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Avinash Sarpamale
Published: January 2025

no abstract
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(5) 2017 104-105
Emphysematous pyelonephritis with Dengue hemorrhagic fever: A successful medical management of a fatal scenario
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Prathap Reddy Muthyala
Published: January 2025

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a life threatening acute necrotizing infection with associated gas formation involving the renal parenchyma and perinephric tissues. Dengue fever, according to the WHO, is the most rapidly spreading mosquito borne viral infection in the world. Dengue Hemorrgahic Fever is a more severe form of dengue fever and is characterized by fever, bleeding manifestations, plasma leakage and thrombocytopenia. This is a case of a 56 year old female, who presented with history of fever, headache, myalgia and dysuria; and was diagnosed to have emphysematous pyelonephritis with Dengue Hemorrgahic Fever. She was successfully managed with intravenous antibiotics and platelet transfusions, without any urological interventions. 
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(5) 2017 101-103
Duodenal strongyloidiasis infection mimicking lymphangiectasia
Authors: Muhammad Bilal  , Nisar Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Strongyloides stercoralis infection usually causes a chronic asymptomatic intestinal infection or otherwise non-specific generalized complaints. The diagnosis of strongyloidiasis by routine stool examination is very limited. Endoscopic findings in strongyloidiasis range from mucosal granularity to friable edema to frank ulceration or Small bowel obstruction secondary to intense infestation. The pathological examination of tissue biopsy and aspirate can give the definitive diagnosis. We report a case of middle age patient who presented with the symptoms of weight loss and diarrhea. On evaluation, upper GI endoscopy (EGD) showed the findings of lymphangiectasia but biopsy findings were consistent with strongyloidiasis which was successfully treated with Ivermectin 200 μg/kg, given for two days.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(5) 2017 98-100
Study of febrile thrombocytopenia in Malwa region of India
Authors: Vishal Yadav  , Singhai Abhishek
Published: January 2025

Background: Febrile thrombocytopenia is the thrombocytopenia associated with fever. Diseases which commonly present with fever and thrombocytopenia are malaria, leptospirosis, septicemia, typhoid, arbovirus diseases such as dengue.
Aims and Objectives: The study was intended to know the underlying etiology of febrile thrombocytopenia in Malwa region and its various presentations.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at Department of General Medicine of a tertiary care centre for two years. Five-hundred adult patients (age >18 years) of febrile thrombocytopenia were evaluated for possible inclusion in this study. Routine investigations including complete blood counts, peripheral smear examination, kidney function tests, liver function tests, ultrasound of abdomen were done in all subjects. The specific investigations were done as and when indicated.
Results: Out of 500 patients of febrile thrombocytopenia, 298 were male, while 202 were female. Commonest symptom after fever was malaise (83%) followed by nausea-vomiting (76%), headache (63.4%), jaundice (26.8%), easy fatigability (22.4%), bleeding manifestations (7.8%), cough (6.8%), dyspnea (5.8%), rash (2.4%) and delirium (1.4%). Dengue was found in 178 patients. Malaria was found in 122 patients. Other causes of febrile thrombocytopenia were septicemia (22 cases), leptospirosis (12 cases), chikungunya fever (10 cases), viral hepatitis (9 cases), enteric fever (9 cases), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2 cases), non-hodgkin lymphoma (one case), disseminated tuberculosis (one case).
Conclusion: Febrile thrombocytopenia is an important clinical condition commonly caused by infections, particularly viruses and malaria. Such studies will help in finding changing trends of locally prevalent infectious diseases and finding some new emerging diseases not prevalent in the particular region.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(5) 2017 83-86
Antimalarials: Pre-Clinical development update
Authors: Moumita Bala  , Sandeep Lahiry  , Shouvik Choudhury  , Ayan Mukherjee  , Prajesh Kiran Bhunya  , Koustuv Chowdhury  , Rajasree Sinha
Published: January 2025

Diverse strategies exist for the development of novel antimalarials drug to tackle the increasing incidence of artemisin resistance. New molecules have been developed which hold a promise to cater to this unmet need. We discuss few drugs currently under pre-clinical development that have shown encouraging results.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(5) 2017 1-3
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: an unusual pathogen for pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Mele Chelakkoth Sabir
Published: January 2025

No abstract
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 47-48
Pharyngocutaneous fistula in a Glottic carcinoma: A rare initial presentation
Authors: Tiwari Disha , Manjari Shah  , Mansi Barthwal  , Amit Pandey  , Arun Kumar Yadav  , Alankrita Singh  , Dev Kumar Yadav  , Madan Lal Brahma Bhatt
Published: January 2025

Pharyngo-cutaneous fistula is a well-known complication following total laryngectomy in case of carcinoma larynx, however it is a very rare entity to present as an initial and sole presentation of carcinoma glottis. Here we are reporting case of glottic carcinoma presented to us with pharyngo-cutaneous fistula as an initial presentation.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 42-44
Typh fevers: a combination of Typhoid and Typhus
Authors: Robin George Manappallil
Published: January 2025

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi, while typhus fever is a rickettsial infection. In both cases the patients present with almost similar pattern of illness and are often misdiagnosed. This is the case of a young lady who presented with 10 days history of fever and was diagnosed to have typhoid fever. She continued to be febrile despite ceftriaxone therapy. She was later found to have a typhus coinfection and improved with addition of doxycycline.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 40-41
Hypericum perforatum (ethanolic extract) ameliorates simulated hypobaric hypoxia induced oxidative stress and neuronal damage in brains of Balb/c mice
Authors: Amardeep Gautam  , Rizwana Tabassum  , Anju Katyal
Published: January 2025

Background: Hypobaric hypoxia refers to lower oxygen availability at high altitudes and is the cause of high altitude illness. Drugs such as acetazolamide and dexamethasone provide symptomatic relief and are associated with undesired side effects. Plant extracts such as Hypericum perforatum, which are documented to have neuromodulatory role can be more beneficial in ameliorating high altitude illness. 
Aims and Objective: Progressive cognitive decline is the hallmark characteristic of hypobaric hypoxia induced neuropathology attributed to ensuing oxidative stress and subsequent hippocampal damage. We have explored the efficacy of ethanolic extracts of Hypericum perforatum in amelioration of hypobaric hypoxia induced oxidative stress and associated behavioral deficits in mice.
Material and Methods: Male Balb/c mice were exposed to simulated altitude of 25,000 ft. for 7 days (6 hr. per day) in a specially designed chamber. Ethanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum (HPE)(25mg/kg of body weight) was given orally prior to hypoxia exposure and effects were compared to hypoxia and control groups.
Results: Animals exposed to hypobaric hypoxia showed sign of cognitive deterioration at day 3 and day 7 in the Elevated Plus Maze and Passive Avoidance Step through behavioral paradigms as compare to normoxic animals. Administration of HPE was able to alleviate the amnesic effect in treatment group, indicated by reduction in transfer latencies at day 3(IR-3 = -0.66±0.07) and day 7 IR-7 = -0.81±0.06) in elevated plus maze task and increased passive avoidance step through latency at day 3, (IR-3 = 3.23±0.67),as compared to ±hypoxic mice. Hypoxia group of animals suffered significant oxidative stress compared to normoxic mice as indicated by up-regulated malondialdehyde and total nitrite levels in hippocampal homogenates. The plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity was also increased following hypoxia indicating tissue damage. Co-treatment with HPE in simulated hypobaric hypoxia insult for seven days resulted in significant reduction in malondialdehyde, total nitrites and plasma LDH levels in animals.
Conclusion: Hypericum perforatum extract improves cognitive performance in hypobaric hypoxia exposed mice with a concomitant reduction in oxidative stress burden suggesting its plausible use for preventing high altitude illness.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(2) 2018 1-8
Genetic Variation and Population structure: A study on four populations of Tripura, North East India
Authors: Priyanka Das  , Pranabesh Sarkar  , Diptendu Chatterjee  , Arup Ratan Bandyopadhyay
Published: January 2025

Back Ground: Genetic polymorphisms of ABO and RhD blood group and Haptoglobin (HP) types have already been widely used to understand variation and population structure. The present study attempted to understand the variation and population structure on the basis of ABO and RhD blood group polymorphisms and Haptoglobin (HP) as serum protein polymorphism of four Tibeto-Burman speaker groups considered as aboriginal tribes of Tripura. Genetic studies on populations in north-east Indian have been performed less frequently than in the other parts of India, in spite of diversity among these populations.
Aims and Objective: Best of the knowledge the present study is the first attempt on the variation and population genetic structure concerning the ABO, RhD and HP polymorphism of the four endogamous populations – Tripuri, Hrangkhawl, Rupini and Kolui tribal population of Tripura.
Materials and Methods: Present study consisted of four hundred (400) participants 100 each from above mentioned population groups. ABO and RhD blood groups were done by antigen-antisera agglutination test and HP types were ascertained by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) following standard techniques. Allele frequencies and Fst were calculated by using standard method.
Results: Examination on ABO blood group revealed higher O allele among the two groups Tripuri and Hrangkhawl followed by A and B alleles. Among the other two groups, Rupini and Kolui, revealed higher A allele and B allele respectively. Higher D allele frequency in the RHD Blood group system has been found for each of the population group. On the other hand, Serum protein marker - HP types demonstrated higher HP*2 allele frequency than HP*1 alleles. Calculated very low Fst value (0.02-0.08) of three polymorphic markers (ABO, RhD and HP) were suggestive for low differentiation among these groups, indicating less admixture and prevailing endogamous nature of these population.
Conclusion: Very low Fst values of three polymorphic markers were suggestive for low differentiation among these groups, indicating least admixture and prevailing endogamous nature of these population. The overall genetic difference revealed highest distance between Tripuri and Hrangkhwal and least distance between Rupini and Kolui.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(3) 2018 46-49
X Chromatin inactivation in Menopause: A study on Hindu caste Bengalee population
Authors: Koel Mukherjee  , Diptendu Chatterjee  , Arup Ratan Bandyopadhyay
Published: January 2025

Background: Menopause being a physiologic event and eventually the prime time to perform risk assessment of chronic diseases and initiate preventive health measures. Previous studies reported, later menopause is independently associated to increased risk of breast and endometrial cancer. The menopausal status is determined and influenced by intrinsic factors. Majority of the studies on menopause from Indian context, especially on Bengalee Hindu Caste population confined to socio demographic issues, attitudes, problems and quality of life. However, relatively little work is attempted to unravel the complex interplay of genetics and epigenetic mechanisms, the effect on menopause. In this background it seems to be an urgent need to understand menopause status objectively, to approach the interplay of genetics and epigenetic mechanisms of menopausal status by X chromatin inactivation.
Aims and Objective: Best of the knowledge it is the first attempt to evaluate the prevalence of X chromatin inactivation in menopausal women among Bengalee Hindu Caste population.
Materials and Methods: Sex chromatin inactivation was evaluated from 100 each pre and post menopausal women from the buccal smear of each individuals. After fixation and staining of altogether 20000 (twenty thousand) cells were scanned from the Bengalee Hindu Caste for a comparison of menopausal women and their menarcheal counterparts.
Results: Result demonstrated significantly decreased (P<0.001) prevalence of X chromatin inactivation sites among the menopausal females in comparison to their menarcheal women counterpart.
Conclusion: The present study vindicated possible association between the presence of sex hormone receptors and the prevalence of sex chromatin and also envisaged the role of X chromatin inactivation for early prognosis of menopause.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(3) 2018 41-45
Malaria and hookworm co-infection and their effects on anaemia of pregnant women attending ante-natal clinic in University Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Jude Chimezie Umeh  , Paul Columba Inyang-Etoh  , Dorathy Chioma Okpokam  , Iquo Bassey Otu-Bassey
Published: January 2025

Background: Malaria and hookworm infections independently have been known to cause anaemia. Coinfection of these two parasites can aggravated the morbidity of these infections with a resulting impact on anaemia especially in pregnancy.
Aims and Objective: This work was aimed at assessing the prevalence of malaria and hookworm co-infection and their effects on anaemia among pregnant women in Calabar Metroplis.
Materials and Methods: Giemsa stained film of venous blood was examined microscopically for malaria parasites while cyanmethaemoglobin method was used for haemoglobin level estimation. Stool samples were examined microscopically while Stoll’s technique was used in counting the ova of hookworm.
Results: 19(6.3%) of the subjects were infected with hookworm, 45(15.0%) with malaria, while 9(3.0%) were infected with both parasites. Severe anaemia of 4(44.4%) was observed amongst the test (infected) subjects while the control (uninfected) subjects had a severe anaemia of 3(1.0%). The highest prevalence of co-infections of malaria and hookworm 4(38.6%) occurred among the age group of 26-30years (p=0.371). Subjects in their 3rd trimester had the highest prevalence of co-infection of 4(4.4%) (p=0.412). The highest prevalence of severe anaemia 1(100.0%) occurred among the age group of 16-20years (p=0.002).
Conclusion: This work has shown a low prevalence of malaria and hookworm co-infection. The level of severe anaemia among infected pregnant women was more than that observed among subjects without any of the two infections.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(3) 2018 27-35
Assessment of WHO ten steps towards successful breastfeeding among postpartum mothers in Karaikal: A hospital based cross-sectional study
Authors: Farhan  , Sarthak Das  , Archana Malik
Published: January 2025

Background: Breastfeeding is the most essential, dynamic and profitable method of giving infants the perfect start in life. The Recent Rapid Survey on Children in India shows that 44.6% infants are now being breastfed within an hour of birth and 64.9 % of 0-6months old infants were exclusively breastfed.
Aims and Objectives: To estimate the proportion of mothers who successfully breastfeed their children according to the WHO ten steps towards successful breastfeeding.
Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in Postpartum ward of JIPMER, Karaikal from 1st August to 31st September. Mothers aged 18- 49 years; given birth to healthy, singleton baby and stayed in hospital for minimum 24 hours after delivery were included in the study. The questions about breastfeeding practices based on “WHO ten steps of successful breastfeeding” were asked. Mothers knew seven steps or more(score ≥ 7) were considered as having successful breastfeeding.
Results: Out of 205 only 32 (15.60%) mothers breastfeed their child successfully.There is significant difference between multiparous and primiparous mothers in Breastfeeding initiation within one hour of delivery(p=0.04) and Prelacteal feeding Practice (p = 0.003). The successful breastfeeding rate was higher among multiparous compared to primiparous mothers which is statistically significant (p=0.032).
Conclusion: There is existence offaulty practice in breastfeeding process among post-partum mothers.The role of health professionals in encouraging optimal breastfeeding are remarkably low. Compulsory Implementation of BFHI in every hospitalby a Breastfeeding Committee, can be planned to increasing the breastfeeding rate.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(3) 2018 1-5
Prescribing Trends in Diabetic Neuropathy at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Parvin Banu  , Subir Mondal  , Arunava Biswas  , Syed Mohammed Naser  , Mausumi Niyogi
Published: January 2025

Background: Neuropathy, being a common complication of diabetes mellitus is frequently encountered in patients related to duration and severity of hyperglycaemia and had a multi-modality treatment approach by the treating physicians.
Aims and Objective: To understand and analyze the current drug prescribing trends in the management of diabetic neuropathy in hospitalized and OPD patients in a tertiary care hospital.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional, observational study on (n=100) patients of either sex aged between 18 to 70 years admitted in the Department of Neuromedicine as well as visiting the OPD was conducted for a period of 3 months. Prescriptions were collected and the relevant information i.e. drugs prescribed for diabetic neuropathy only excluding other drugs mentioned in the prescription were documented in a predesigned, pretested proforma and were analyzed.
Results: All the prescribed drugs i.e. (100%) were oral formulations. The average number of drugs prescribed per prescription for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy including indoor and OPD patients was 3.60 ± 0.66. Prescription of single drug for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy was found to be the commonest trend among the prescribers i.e. 78% of all the prescriptions and they were all in their generic form.
Conclusion: Gabapentin and pregablin (antiepileptics), amitryptylline (anti-depressants) and methylcobalamine were most commonly prescribed drugs. Side effects profiles of these drugs were also well evident among the patients. Much larger multicentric studies of similar type including private and public hospitals might reflect the true scenario of current drug prescribing trend among physicians in treating diabetic neuropathy.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(5) 2018 8-11
Despondency in learning mathematics: Relating achievement motivation to learning amid soaring anxiety
Authors: Taley Isaac Bengre , Azumbila Augustina
Published: January 2025

Anxiety about learning mathematics and accompanying low grades in mathematics has caused many students to the extent that they wish never to learn mathematics again. This level of apathy epitomised by students’ demotivated participation and low performance in learning mathematics reflects the general level of learning despondency among adolescent students. Although the literature suggests that the tide of learning despondency can be assuaged if students’ achievement motivation is heightened, studies exploring the mathematics achievement motivation of high school students in Ghana are scarce. To address this gap in the literature, this study, conducted within a positivist paradigm, focused on examining the relationship between perceived mathematics learning, achievement motivation, and mathematics anxiety while controlling for learning styles and gender of 322 high school students. The results showed that the motivation to strive and the motivation to participate were respectively the most substantial and minor drivers of students’ mathematics achievement motivation. Based on the correlation and regression analysis, achievement motivation positively predicted mathematics learning whiles both achievement motivation and mathematics learning were negatively related to mathematics anxiety. The study’s results further showed that mathematics anxiety dampened the extent to which achievement motivation positively influenced mathematics learning in the regression analysis.
The role of teacher quality on students’ mathematics interest: The facilitating effect of students’ perception of mathematics
Authors: Asare Bright , Yaribatuah Peter , Boateng Francis Ohene , Appiagyei Ebenezer
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to examine the role of teacher quality on students’ mathematics interest as facilitated by students’ perception of mathematics. The participants were 300 students from three senior high schools. The study was purely a quantitative method that employed a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to estimate the result for the hypothesized paths. The findings from the study revealed that teacher-student collaboration and teacher empathy had a direct positive and statistically significant effect on student’s mathematics interest. On the other hand, student’s perception in mathematics partially facilitates the relationship between teacher empathy and the student’s mathematics interest. Moreover, the perception of mathematics partially facilitates the relationship between teacher-student collaboration and student’s mathematics interest. The study recommended that mathematics teachers must collaborate with students in terms of classroom teaching and learning and work more practical mathematics examples with students in the class in order to enhance student’s mathematics interest.
The effects of emotional intelligence and personality traits on intrapreneurial self-capital among Ghanaian tertiary students
Authors: Sarpong Smart Asomaning , Yanchira Dora  Melaine , Agyei Akwasi , Agyei John , Addae Felix
Published: January 2025

In this study, the relationships between Personality Trait (PT), Emotional Intelligence (EI), and Intrapreneurial Self-Capital (ISC) are examined. A modified version of the Intrapreneurial Self Capital and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire was administered to 200 first-year and 200 third-year undergraduate students. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore relationships. The study found that a significant change in one’s ISC occurs with a unit increase in EI and PT. Also, in reference to respondents aged less than 18, none of the age groups exhibited a positive EI. It was also established that females exhibited a positive EI as compared to their male counterparts, whereas level 300 students also exhibited a positive EI ahead of their juniors in level 100. This study recommends that students should take an interest in non-cognitive workshops and seminars to improve their EI to increase their capabilities to cope with their future careers and work life. It is also recommended that students understand their personality traits to interact well with their colleagues at the workplace after graduation. Lastly, this study recommends that the content of courses taught in our universities should be tailored to enhance EI since the current situation is not too good.
Examining the mediating role of teachers’ self-efficacy on realistic mathematics education: A structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Akosah Ernest Frimpong , Yarhands Arthur Dissou , Obeng Benjamin Adu
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to examine how teachers’ self-efficacy mediates the relationship between realistic mathematics education and learners’ mathematics achievement, which involved 396 junior high school math teachers and a sample of 7621 students. The study employed a quantitative approach with a correlational cross-sectional descriptive survey design. The questionnaires were developed with consideration for the three main constructs that the study identified. The structural equation model was used to analyze the questionnaires. The findings demonstrated that the application of realistic mathematics teaching methods directly improves students’ mathematical achievement. Once more, students’ achievement in mathematics is directly positively impacted by teachers’ self-efficacy. Ultimately, there was a positive and statistically significant mediation effect of teacher self-efficacy on the relationship between learners’ mathematical achievement results and realistic mathematics education.
Investigating the effect of socio-constructivist mathematics teaching on students’ mathematics achievement: The mediating role of mathematics self-efficacy
Authors: Akendita Paul Agmabire , Obeng Benjamin Adu , Abil Maccarthy , Ahenkorah Marfo
Published: January 2025

This study examines the influence of Socio-Constructivist Mathematics Teaching on students’ mathematics achievement with mathematics self-efficacy serving as a mediating factor. This study employed a quantitative research approach within a descriptive survey design framework utilizing the stratified and simple random sampling techniques. Data from 260 students in a Senior High School in the Talensi District of the Upper East Region of Ghana were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results indicated that Socio-Constructivist Mathematics Teaching significantly enhanced both mathematics achievement and self-efficacy. Additionally, mathematics self-efficacy positively impacted students’ achievement and mediated the relationship between teaching methods and academic performance. This suggests that the instructional approach directly improves achievement, and its effect is further strengthened when students feel confident in their mathematical capabilities. The study highlights the importance of integrating socio-constructivist pedagogy to foster both academic success and self-confidence in mathematics.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Progressive Muscular Relaxation Versus Hydro Collator Pack for Stress on Chronic Lumbago
Authors: T Karthikeyan
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Lumbago also called as Chronic back pain is defined as pain over lumbo sacral junction the term referred to Lumbago .The duration of pain continues for more than 12 weeks called as Chronic Lumbago. Lumbago is the major cause of activity limitation in any age group.

Objective of the study: To find out therapeutic effects of progressive muscular relaxation on stress and disability associated with chronic Chronic Lumbago.

Methodology: 30 Chronic Lumbago subjects were included in the study with age group 25-35 years. All the subjects were random selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the patients randomly divided into two groups (CG & EG), experimental group were received progressive muscular relaxation & hydro collator pack. Control group treatment given only hydro collator pack. Outcome measures were noted as stress using DASS and pain intensity measured by VAS. All the measurements were recorded from baseline to before discharge.

Result: EG Baseline score level (VAS 23, Stress7.5) and CG Baseline score value is (VAS 21, Stress7.6). EG post intervention score level (VAS2.5, Stress12.0 (p<00.1) and CG post intervention value is (VAS 6.0, Stress8.0 (p<00.1)).

Conclusion: The investigator declared that the application of tailored made Progressive muscular relaxation treatment approach which helps to reduction in perception of pain, stress and improvement in spinal, mental overall health, wellbeing livelihood and wisdom for the management of Chronic Lumbago.
Distend Concept of Health
Authors: Kr Ghosh Dr. Gautam
Published: January 2025

The sense of health has advanced over time. In 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined health linking fitness to well-being, in phases of physical, mental, and social well-being, and no longer the absence of disease and infirmity. The WHO definition has been criticized as- (i) static, (ii) morbidity’s changing styles and (iii) definition’s operationalization. This paper attempts to understand the expanded concept of health through use of those words, objective and subjective related interjective and intersubjective. Broadened concept of disease and the binomial health-disease can be better understood under an expanded concept of health.
Cellular Signaling through the Use of Growth Factors and Mechanical Stimulus in Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Andrew Ezegbe Chekwube
Published: January 2025

The nervous system consist of the autonomous and peripheral. Peripheral nerve injury which occurs as a result of trauma, accident and other associated factors always results in a significant loss of sensory and motor functions in an individual. The injured nerves can be successfully restored although it requires a lot of complex cellular and molecular response in order to rebuild the functional axons. When this is achieved, the damaged nerve can accurately connect with their original targets. The complete recovery of PNI has not been optimized. Exogenous growth factors (GFs) is a new and emerging therapeutic strategy that can be used in nerve regeneration. The mechanism of action of growth factor is based on the ability to activate the downstream targets of various signaling cascades via binding to the individual receptors in order to exert the multiple effect and restore the neuron and tissue regeneration. Although the GFs are associated with short half-life and rapid deactivation in body fluids. The use of nerve conduits has been able to reduce the limitations. The nerve conduits have been good biocompatibility and biofunctionality properties.
Prolongation of Jaundice in Infants at the University Clinical Center of Kosovo During 2020
Authors: Maloku Arlinda
Published: January 2025

Objective: The aim of this paper is to gain updated knowledge about jaundice in latents and the paper will mainly focus on: frequency, etiology, predisposing factors, pathophysiology, genetics, signs and symptoms, systemic manifestations, forms of jaundice, diagnosis, treatment and extension of jaundice in latents. The objective of this paper is to investigate the cases of jaundice in neonates, in the Department of Neonatology, near the University Clinical Center of Kosovo.

Methods: The research is retrospective and was carried out in the Department of Neonatology, near the University Clinical Center of Kosovo. The subjects of the study were newborns with jaundice. The literature search was carried out through the PubMed and Google Scholar platforms.

Results: The study was conducted at the Clinic of Neonatology, near the University Clinical Center of Kosovo. In this study, data were obtained for patients hospitalized during 2020 with prolonged jaundice. A total of 842 newborns were hospitalized, of which 123 had jaundice. According to the 12-month study during 2020, it is found that 120 have fully recovered, while 3 of them have died. The gender structure shows that men participate in 72 cases (58.53%), while women in 51 cases (41.46%).

Conclusion: Timely diagnosis and adequate treatment of complications has made this important health problem in our country well treated and our results are similar to those of other centers cited in contemporary literature on this topic.
Peritajes transculturales de supervivientes de tortura basados en el Protocolo de Estambul
Authors: Pérez-Sales Pau
Published: January 2025

Se ofrece una visión general de las consideraciones clave para llevar a cabo un peritaje transcultural de un superviviente de tortura. La primera parte introduce algunos conceptos esenciales de antropología, medicina, psicología transcultural y psiquiatría. La segunda parte repasa los elementos más relevantes relativos al informe forense de un superviviente. Se presta especial atención a las consideraciones culturales referidas a los aspectos éticos del Protocolo de Estambul. También aborda los aspectos relacionados con el encuentro con la superviviente y la entrevista, los aspectos médicos, incluido el examen físico con especial atención al dolor y el sufrimiento, y la evaluación psicológica y psicométrica.  También aborda brevemente aspectos relacionados con el análisis de coherencia y credibilidad. En la última sección, el texto ofrece una visión general de las consideraciones culturales siguiendo el esquema del Protocolo de Estambul.
Digital technologies in the process of proving in the proceedings on administrative offenses
Authors: Kulikova Yana  Alekseevna
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the use of modern digital technologies for proving in the administrative offenses proceedings. It examines how technologies such as video recordings, audio recordings, data analysis software, as well as specialized equipment are actively used to collect, store, process and present evidence in administrative cases. Special attention is paid to electronic evidence, which is information received, processed and provided in digital form. This evidence can serve to confirm various facts or circumstances directly related to administrative offenses. The numerous advantages of electronic evidence, such as their accessibility, high reliability, as well as the possibility of rapid and widespread dissemination, are emphasized. The reliability of these proofs is ensured by establishing their integrity, authenticity and accuracy. The research methodology includes an analysis of legal norms and existing judicial practice on the use of electronic evidence, such as electronic documents, video and audio recordings, and others. In the framework of administrative offences proceedings, electronic evidence may include a wide range of data, such as electronic documents, e-mail, video surveillance recordings, digital photographs, audio recordings, as well as other types of digital data, including metadata, log files, data from mobile devices and information from cloud storage. Their use may require confirmation of their authenticity, legal force and full compliance with legislative norms and standards. The article also examines the features of the legal definition of the concept of "electronic evidence" and suggests possible ways to improve legislation. A theoretical justification is proposed for the introduction of innovative technologies such as artificial intelligence, which can solve several key tasks in court proceedings, including automation of evidence analysis processes, although it is associated with certain difficulties, ethical issues and potential risks.
The synchrony of Soviet public holidays and modern "urban rituals" (using the example of Ulan-Ude)
Authors: Dashibalova Irina Nikolaevna
Published: January 2025

The subject of the study is the mechanisms of synchrony of Soviet public holidays and modern "urban rituals". The object of the study is the mass forms of traditional and created urban holidays. One of the forms is Ulan-Ude City Day, the tradition of which is relatively new. This holiday has "traces" of a bygone era: demonstrations dedicated to May 1st and November 7th, the anniversary of the republic's entry into Russia, the anniversary of the formation of Buryatia. In addition to this holiday, urban rituals that have a clearly Soviet aftertaste include: elections, school lines, sports events-competitions, parades, the opening of monuments, etc. Special attention is paid to the process of formation and broadcasting of "urban rituals" in comparison with Soviet analogues based on visual sources (documentaries, photographs). Research method: discourse analysis, visual analysis of film sources of the Irkutsk Regional Film Fund, materials of regional media and photo documents of the websites of the Republic of Buryatia. The conceptual apparatus of K. Wolfe of the performativity of ritual action is applied in relation to modern political processes. The main conclusions are to identify the genesis of urban practices, the constitution of the urban community, which cannot be reduced only to the performative aspects of the ritual action of a city holiday. The study of the modern post-Soviet festive event is justified by reference to the established stable forms of conducting this ritual action in the recent past, it is possible to discern the origins of modern power management mechanisms and the specifics of the emotional management of history. The interest in the post-Soviet transit of urban rituals in Ulan-Ude is not only theoretical, but also consists in defining the phenomenon of urban mass celebration. Various performative practices in the form of celebrations held in Ulan-Ude, with a political or ethnic bias, found their embodiment, bringing the event designers and the urban community to the stage. The design of the City Day event, its preparation and implementation show its attractiveness to government, commercial structures, and, ultimately, to various segments of the urban population.