bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mononuclear Copper(I) Schiff Base Complex Cu((Cl-NO2-ba)2en)I(CH3CN): Synthesis and Crystal Structure
Authors: Aliakbar Dehno Khalaji Aliakbar Dehno Khalaji , Michal Dusek Michal Dusek , Vaclav Eigner and Seyyed Javad Peyghoun Vaclav Eigner and Seyyed Javad Peyghoun
Published: October 2021

New mononuclear copper(I) Schiff base complex Cu((Cl-NO2-ba)2en)I(CH3CN) (1) containing a bidentate Schiff base ligand (Cl-NO2-ba)2en = 2,4-dichloro-5-nitro-benzylidene-1,2-diaminopropane, was prepared in an acetonitrile solution and characterized by elemental analyses (CHN), FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Suitable dark-orange single crystals were obtained by slow evaporation of solvent at 5 ºC for several days. Crystal structure of the title compound 1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex 1 crystallizes in orthorhombic space group Pna21, a = 16.8634 (5) Å, b = 8.4460 (5) Å, c = 17.4786 (2) Å, V = 2489.45 (17) Å3 and Z = 4. In addition, the title compound 1 was used as new precursor for the synthesis of copper(II) oxide nanoparticles via solid state thermal decomposition. The as prepared CuO product was characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM.
A Density Functional Theory Study of the Isomerization of Substituted 2'-hydroxychalcones to the Corresponding Flavanones
Authors: Said Abdelqadar Said Said Abdelqadar Said , Omar A Shareef and Abdulkhalik S Alkazzaz Omar A Shareef and Abdulkhalik S Alkazzaz
Published: October 2021

The transformation of 2'-hydroxychalcones to their corresponding flavanones was studied theoretically by the use of the density functional theory (DFT) with B3-LYP/ 6-311G basis set to get important information about the role of both of electronic and structural properties in this process. The obtained energies were found to be in agreement with our previous results that obtained from HPLC studies. The estimated hardness, polarizability, and electrophilicity profiles were found to obey the maximum hardness principle (MHP), minimum polarizability principle (MPP), and the minimum electrophilicity principle (MEP) respectively. Flavanone ring closure was found to be the rate-determining step.
Диастолический стресс-эхокардиографический тест в диагностике коронарной недостаточности
Authors: Губина А. Ю. , Гаппоева М. К. , Сагирова Ж. Н. , Шмелева А. А. , Седов В. П. , Чомахидзе П. Ш. , Андреев Д. А.
Published: October 2021

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Исследование содержания кардиотрофина-1 в сыворотке крови у пациентов с обструктивной гипертрофической кардиомиопатией и пациентов с тяжелой левожелудочковой дисфункцией
Authors: Огуркова О. Н. , Павлюкова Е. Н. , Суслова Т. Е.
Published: October 2021

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Ассоциация нарушений углеводного обмена и артериальной гипертонии в репрезентативной выборке красноярского края
Authors: Руф Р. Р. , Гринштейн Ю. И. , Шабалин В. В.
Published: October 2021

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Прогностическая роль «новых» и конвенционных факторов риска в формировании риска смерти у женщин трудоспособного возраста в сибирском регионе
Authors: Серебрякова В. Н. , Кавешников В. С.
Published: October 2021

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Артериальная гипертония педагогов
Authors: Степанова А. Э. , Потеряева Е. Л. , Семенова В. Н.
Published: October 2021

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Частота госпитальных осложнений и повторных сердечно-сосудистых событий у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда и острым почечным повреждением
Authors: Сукманова И. А. , Демчук О. В.
Published: October 2021

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Прогнозирование постковидной легочной артериальной гипертензии по данным магнитно-резонансной томографии легких
Authors: Усов В. Ю. , Нуднов Н. В. , Игнатенко Г. А. , Воробьева В. О. , Таркова А. Р. , Берген Т. А. , Шелковникова Т. А. , Калюжин В. В. , Первак М. Б. , Кармазановский Г. Г.
Published: October 2021

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Прогрессирование хронической сердечной недостаточности у больных артериальной гипертонией в сочетании с фибрилляцией предсердий
Authors: Хидирова Л. Д. , Яхонтов Д. А.
Published: October 2021

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Динамика структуры острых заболеваний артерий и вен за последние 20 лет
Authors: Хорев Н. Г. , Беллер А. В. , Чичваров А. А.
Published: October 2021

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Особенности изменения показателей механики левого желудочка у больных с эпикардиальным ожирением
Authors: Чумакова Г. А. , Гриценко О. В.
Published: October 2021

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Особенности изменения уровня биомаркеров сердечной недостаточности и их взаимосвязь с уровнем профибротических факторов при эпикардиальном ожирении
Authors: Чумакова Г. А. , Гриценко О. В.
Published: October 2021

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Пиковая скорость кровотока на клапане легочной артерии у детей и подростков
Authors: Шаймухаметова Р. Ю. , Цоколов А. В. , Вертелкин А. В. , Жданова Н. В. , Байков В. И.
Published: October 2021

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Сравнительный анализ провоспалительных и противовоспалительных биомаркеров у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда при необструктивном и обструктивном атеросклеротических поражениях коронарных артерий с помощью мультиплексного подхода
Authors: Воробьева Д. А.
Published: October 2021

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Изменение продукции активных форм кислорода тромбоцитами в генезе их недостаточного ответа на антитромбоцитарную терапию при коронарной реваскуляризации
Authors: Гончаров М. Д. , Гринштейн Ю. И. , Савченко А. А. , Косинова А. А.
Published: October 2021

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Описание клинического наблюдения рецидива ТЭЛА после прекращения девятилетней терапии варфарином
Authors: Каримова Д. Х. , Чапова Н. Е.
Published: October 2021

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Улучшение диастолической функции левого желудочка после ренальной денервации у больных резистентной артериальной гипертонией в сочетании с сахарным диабетом 2 типа
Authors: Манукян М. А.
Published: October 2021

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Физическая активность пациентов с инфарктом миокарда: есть ли отличия от общей популяции в регионе?
Authors: Петрова Т. С. , Гусельникова Ю. И. , Суханова В. Е. , Агиенко А. С. , Седых Д. Ю.
Published: October 2021

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Как связаны эндотелий-зависимая вазодилатация и структурные маркеры атеросклероза при старении?
Authors: Трошина М. С.
Published: October 2021

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Взаимосвязь между скоростью клубочковой фильтрации, артериальным давлением и липидным профилем у 25–44-летних новосибирцев
Authors: Худякова А. Д.
Published: October 2021

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Роль повреждения ДНК в формировании эндотелиальной дисфункции: исследование in vitro
Authors: Синицкий М. Ю. , Цепокина А. В. , Кутихин А. Г. , Шишкова Д. К. , Понасенко А. В.
Published: October 2021

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Evaluation of the bacteriological status of cough syrup sold in pharmaceutical stores in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Joy Nkeiruka Dike-Ndudim  , Chidubem Sharon Obidegwu  , Chizaram Winners Ndubueze  , Adebowale Abayomi Alabi  , Ijeoma Ann Ogamaka  , Helen Ifeoma Udujih
Published: October 2021

This work was aimed at assessing the level and type of bacterial contaminants in cough syrups sold in Owerri, as well as the associated public health implications. Thirty bottled samples of five different brands of cough syrup were purchased and assessed bacteriologically. Ten out of the thirty samples had a satisfactory microbial load, whereas twenty samples exceeded the tolerance limit of permissible micro-organisms (103cfu/ml) specified for syrups. The mean counts obtained ranged from 1x103-1.15x107 (cfu)/ml. Syrup D had the highest bacterial mean value of 1.15x107 cfu/ml, while C had the lowest bacterial mean value of 1x103 cfu/ml. Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtlis, Serratia macscense, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were identified as the most predominant contaminants. This level of bacterial load reveals contamination which can be traceable contaminated water and other raw materials used for their preparation, personnel, environment and poor manufacturing practice. This portrays the level of health risks to which the consumers can be exposed. From the results, it can be concluded that majority of the samples were heavily contaminated and can serve as source of infection to users, especially those with compromised immunity and children. This therefore calls for good manufacturing and packaging practices, use of treated water and other sterile raw materials, adequate environmental sanitation and personal hygiene, proper handling and storage which will reduce the bacterial loads to permissible limit and eradicate bacteria of public health importance. In other words auditing and quality control measures should be mandatory for all pharmaceutical companies and environment.
我國保險業裁罰案件之法律實證研究
Authors: 徐聿芊 徐聿芊 , 陳俊元 陳俊元
Published: October 2021

金融產業由於涉及市場秩序與消費者保護，在我國向屬於高度監理之產業。保險業由於涉及保戶大眾之權益，更為監理之重心所在。然而，如果監理密度過高，但裁罰之發動或標準並不明確，可能導致業者難以預期評估，更可能導致業者動輒得咎，致生經營上之困難，對於市場並非有利。近來許多保險裁罰案件中，多涉及裁罰基礎不明確之爭議，可見本問題之嚴重性。因此，如何平衡監理與業者之經營自由，瞭解保險監理之特徵與趨勢，乃為亟待釐清之議題。本文乃從金融監理之有效性與透明性切入，並針對本文所蒐集之近年保險業裁罰案進行法律實證研究。本文將各種裁罰案歸納為七種主要類型，以檢討其是否妥適。之後再針對所有之案件進行統計分析，以明瞭保險業裁罰案件之特徵、趨勢、以及問題。最後，總結全文之法律與實證分析，對我國保險業裁罰提出建議。
Financial industry is highly regulated in Taiwan because of concerning market and consumer protection. Insurance enterprise is even more involving with insured and therefore at the core of regulation. However, intense regulation with vague standard and trigger of sanction, may undermine the expectation of insurer, cause the difficulty in business, and finally hurt the market. Thus, it is a critical issue to realize the characteristic and tendency of insurance regulation, and then strike a balance between regulation and business. This paper will start by regulatory effectiveness and transparency, and then conduct an empirical legal study on insurance sanction cases in recent years in Taiwan. This study categorizes administrative sanctions against insurance enterprise into seven groups and then examines the appropriateness. Afterwards, this paper will use empirical methods to clarify the characteristic, tendency, and issue of insurance sanction. Finally, we will conclude all legal and empirical analyses, and then provide suggestions for relevant administrative sanctions in Taiwan.
唐君毅論仁義禮智
Authors: 蕭振聲 蕭振聲
Published: October 2021

自孟子以仁義禮智建構著名的性善說開始，歷代儒者談論心性問題、工夫問題乃至天道問題，幾無不以這四個觀念作為主脈。唐君毅先生作為當代大儒，在其多部鉅著中對仁義禮智多所著墨，自屬當然之事。細察唐先生所論，不僅於孟子言仁義禮智之文字中應涵而未顯之義理，有極明晰的補充說明外，其對仁義禮智之義涵及四者之關係，更有許多創新的見解。尤有進者，唐先生對某些議題的探討，甚至反映出他有意把仁義禮智提昇為一種思考間架或說話方式。要之，唐先生論仁義禮智，既是解讀孟子意，亦屬賦與新義理，也在建立方法論。以下嘗就這三條線索，整理唐先生探討仁義禮智之文字，從中略論唐先生在儒學上的貢獻。

 

Since being given a significance by Mencius pertaining to the establishment of the theory that human nature is good, ren, yi, li, and zhi, which are commonly translated as benevolence, dutifulness, ritual, and wisdom, respectively, have traditionally been taken as main concepts by Confucians, including Tang Junyi undoubtedly, whose interests are themes including human nature, self-cultivation, as well as the essence of Dao. Focusing on Tang’s writings connecting to the four concepts mentioned above, it will be argued that Tang not only provided a reasonable interpretation of Mencius’s view on the goodness of human nature, but constituted a new theory where new meanings of, and new relations among, ren, yi, li, and zhi are created. Besides, it will too be claimed that, from a methodological point of view, the slogan of “ren-yi-li-zhi,” as originally a mere research material, has creatively been refined as a conceptual framework.

 
以圖明志：清代女性題詠課子圖文本探析
Authors: 劉詠聰 劉詠聰
Published: October 2021

清人以課子圖宣揚母教（及父教）之風頗盛。其中表彰母德的課子圖，有為人子者親筆繪製或僱人代畫，以圖行孝者；亦有為人母者自畫丹青，夫子自道課教辛勞者。雖然清人繪畫課子圖蔚然成風，但傳世作品相當有限。幸而文人雅士題詠篇什俯拾即是，使後人得以透過有關文本推想原圖面貌。

本文梳理清代女性題詠課子圖文本，從而分析繪畫者如何以圖明志，及題畫人怎樣通過吟詠申述為母者心聲。清代知識女性熱衷著作，嘗試從不同文體建構定位，並為自身在男性主導的社會爭取話語權。課子圖題詠文本正是後人探索清代女性爭取歷史地位不可或缺的材料。

 

Kezi tu（課子圖）is a category of paintings that illustrates scences of parents giving lessons to their children in an artistic form. It became fashionable in China around the Qing period (1644-1912). There are mainly two types of kezi tu focusing on mothers. The first kind includes paintings drawn by sons or other artists on their behalf. Filial sons did so to honor their mothers. The second category of kezi tu includes paintings produced by the mothers themselves. Only limited works of both types survive until today. However, many inscriptions of individual artwork could be found in anthologies and collected works. Therefore, it is still possible for modern readers to imagine or reconstruct the original pictures basing on surviving texts.

This article analyses women-authored inscriptions of kezi tu and studies how women demonstrated their agency and subjectivity via inscribing kezi tu paintings focusing on themselves or others. Qing women writers were known for their enthusiasm in producing writings of different genres, and channeling their voices in a male-oriented world. Inscribed texts on kezi tu is an invaluable source for us to explore how Qing women defended their say in history.

 
薈萃甄別的朱學體現：《孟子集義精要》探析
Authors: 李蕙如 李蕙如
Published: October 2021

朱熹《四書章句集注》字字斟酌，得未前有。朱熹逝後，盧孝孫取《語類》、《文集》之說，逐章逐句，討論發明，輯為一百卷《四書集義》，但內容既雜，元儒劉因病其繁冗，乃約其精要，輯成《四書集義精要》一書。不但凸顯朱子尊程用意、說解典制會通諸說、補充引而未發之語、刪削浮辭標舉要領，亦能別白諸家矛盾之處，既有保存之功，又有刪略識見，純正客觀，使之不惑於多歧。有助於了解朱熹《四書章句集注》真義，以及元儒於朱注的反省與發展。本文嘗試在經學與理學的視域中，檢覈劉因《四書集義精要》中的「孟子」部分如何薈萃甄別朱子之說，對於朱學流傳北方以及四書註解的開展，尤其是以朱證朱方式的確立，提供可以檢視的依據。另外，本文所用底本為臺北故宮所藏為罕見的完整版本，尚未被學界大量使用。其可貴之處，不僅是刊雕精緻，後世未見翻刻、少見流傳，使它更有價值。藉由本文之研究，當使此一善本更受學術界重視。

 

Zhu Xi’s “Notes on Four Books and Chapters” has repeatedly changed, and his books are very different from each other. Therefore, after Zhu Xi’s death, Lu Xiaosun took “Language Class” and “Collection of Works,” said one by one, discussing the invention, and the series was one hundred. Volume "Four Book Sets Righteousness", but the contents are both complex, Yuan Confucian Liu because of its tedious, it is about its essence, compiled into "four books to set the essence of essence" book. It not only highlights Zhu Zi’s intentions in the process, but also explains why the system resolves the problem, supplements the unspoken language, and eliminates the need for evasive presentations. It can also highlight the conflicts, save the power, and delete it. Seeing, pure and objective, does not confuse it. It is helpful to understand the true meaning of Zhu Xi’s Notes on the Four Books and Chapters, and the reflection and development of Confucianism and Confucianism. This article tries to examine how the “Mencius” part of Liu’s “Four Men’s Book Collection Essays” is a metaphor for the screening of Zhu Zi in the perspective of classics and Confucianism. The establishment of the Zhu Zhu Zhu method provides the basis for inspection. In addition, the base used in this article is a rare full version of the National Palace Museum in Taipei. It has not yet been widely used by the academic community. The valuable point is not only the fine carving, but also the later generations that have not been turned and rarely seen, making it more valuable. Through the study of this article, when making this rare book more academic attention.

 
傅斯年圖書館藏黃嘉善本《古今書刻》研究
Authors: 謝文華 謝文華
Published: October 2021

今日所見明代周弘祖《古今書刻》，為清末版刻家葉德輝依據日人島田翰所藏明刊本影刻而成，百餘年來，已成為學界通行研究之本。由於周氏記載內容相對簡略，其中不乏舛誤之處，在無他本可資校對情況下，導致其書在學術應用上頗受侷限。

典藏中央研究院傅斯年圖書館之黃嘉善刻本《古今書刻》，乃是一部稀見版本，也是目前所知的海內外孤本，自民國17年（1928）首度著錄至今，學界對其書所知甚少。黃嘉善本刊刻於明代晚期，根據周弘祖《古今書刻》進行增補校正，也是相對完善的版本。將此本與葉德輝刻本相互參照，除了著錄書籍數量之差異，也因二個版本之時間差異，意外提供部分研究議題之論辯證據，進而提升該書在文獻目錄學上的應用價值。

本文透過相關文獻全面檢視，針對黃嘉善本版式樣貌與藍印本特性進行概說，並大略勾勒其書流傳至傅斯年圖書館之輾轉歷程。再者，藉由辯證考誤，將有助釐清其版本系統及所錄諸書之來源。最後，結合其他史料綜合考察，開拓《古今書刻》嶄新研究面向，以充分發揮其書在版本目錄學上之應有功能。

 

An Index of Ancient and Contemporary Books and Stone Tablets (Gu Jin Shu Ke, also named Book Inscribed) was designed by Zhou Heung-Zu in Ming Dynasty and became the popular version. Ye De-Hui obtained this book from Japan in late Qing Dynasty and soon after reprinted this book that was based upon its original format. Because this version was still simple and had some error, so it brought some limition in academic applications. In addition to Ye De-Hui version, another rare edition inscribed by Huang Jia-Shan (Huang version for short) kept at Fu Ssu-Nien Library. Academic circles did’t reconnized this version not yet from 1928. Huang version was engraved in late Ming Dyansty. The version supplemented and regulated according to Zhou Heung-Zu’ version. This essay will collate and compare these two versions. At the same time, this essay will study the difference which the amount and history between these two versions. Furthermore, this essay will examine related documents comprehensively and outline the the propagation of Huang Jia-Sha’s version. On the basis of study, we can clarify the source of these differect version systems. At last, this essay will combined with other historical materials to expand research value of An Index of Ancient and Contemporary Books and Stone Tablets.

 
文化記憶的追尋與再現：以「故宮文學家」作品中的「北溝故宮」書寫為主
Authors: 羅秀美 羅秀美
Published: October 2021

1949年後北京故宮輾轉播遷至臺灣，落腳於臺中霧峰北溝(1950-1965)十六年。守護者莊嚴全家也落腳於此，此地乃當時臺中最重要的文化及旅遊勝地。然1965年北溝故宮北遷後，空餘庫房山洞供人憑弔。當時曾出現一批「故宮文學家」，他們與「北溝故宮」有或深或淺的關係，曾留下相關記憶的書寫，這些文本正是本論文考察的對象。職是，本論文以文化空間與文學記憶為論述概念，首論偏安北溝的「回憶空間」，莊嚴父子大半生與故宮文物流離至北溝所構建的回憶空間。其次則論在此文化空間的文人對傳統文化的傳承，即孔德成與臺靜農等人至北溝故宮清點文物的記憶。第三則論及個體記憶的再現，以臺靜農與林文月、凌叔華與蘇雪林的北溝旅行為主。第四則論及集體記憶中的文化旅遊勝地，兼論齊邦媛的英譯暨陪訪史。透過以上討論，可在集體的歷史大敘述外，呈現個體的文學記憶，豐富北溝故宮之文化記憶。

 

After 1949, the Palace Museum from Beijing relocated to Taiwan and settled in Beigou北溝 of Taichung (1950-1965) for 16 years. Zhuang Yan莊嚴 and his family who guard the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮 is also setteled here, this place also was the most important cultural tourist attraction in Taichung.However, after the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮 moved northward in 1965, the empty warehouse caves in this area were for people to hang. At that time, a group of " the Palace Museum writers故宮文學家" appeared. They had a deep or shallow relationship with the " the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮",they had left relevant memory writing,these texts are the objects of this paper. In this paper, the concept of cultural space and literary memory is discussed in this dissertation. Firstly, discussion is about the “memory space” in Beigou北溝,the memory space constructed by the Zhuang Yan莊嚴 father and son for most of his life and the Palace Museum 故宮’s cultural relics moved to Beigou北溝. Secondly, it discusses the inheritance of traditional culture by the literati in this cultural space, that is, the memory of Kung Te-Cheng孔德成 and Tai Jing-nong臺靜農 and others to the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮 to count the cultural relics. Thirdly, on the reappearance of personal memory, mainly on the the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮 trip of Tai Jing-nong臺靜農 and Lin Wen-yue林文月, Ling Shu-hua凌叔華and Su Xue-lin蘇雪林. Fourthly, the cultural tourism resort in the collective memory, as well as the history of Qi Bang-yuan’s齊邦媛English translation and accompanying visits. Through the above-mentioned discussion, the individual’s literary memory can be presented in addition to the collective grand historical narrative, especially enrich the cultural memory of the Palace Museum in Beigou北溝故宮.

 
《唐宋叢書》之版本淵源及編纂手法考論
Authors: 賴信宏 賴信宏
Published: October 2021

清代以來對《唐宋叢書》的評價存在許多歧異，特別是真偽本的分判，背後隱含著書坊在板片轉移後的重新編排。《唐宋叢書》現存有兩種傳本：一為繁本，收編全帙為主，根據目錄所收為88種，實際收書為90種，其中有兩本目錄缺載，另外《異林》一書，總括四種書，若採計之，則有93種之多。一為簡本，書名頁作「經德堂藏板」，所收多為重編《說郛》舊版，內容雖與繁本重疊，然多抽換或新增節錄之本。二種皆增列漢魏20種，故知該書編輯延續《廣漢魏叢書》而來。前人不明繁、簡二本有同名異實之別，故滋生淆亂。本文試圖比對二本編排之差異，說明二本編排上的延續性與特殊性，並考察所收各書的版本價值，以供近人利用《唐宋叢書》之參考。

 

The reviews and evaluations of Tang Song Congshu (The Collectanea of the Tang and Song Dynasties) have diverged considerably since the Qing Dynasty, particularly the differentiation between the authentic and spurious versions, which concerned the publishers’ rearrangement of the slips. There have been two versions of Tang Song Congshu passed down to date. The first is the complete version, a comprehensive compilation of 90 kinds of book among which two titles were missing in its table of contents, or 93 kinds if the four books included in Yilin is considered. The second is the abridged version. Most of its copies contained the term “Jingde Pavilion Collection” in its title. Reorganizing the early version of Shuofu, the abridged version replaced some books and added some shortened ones although its contents overlapped with the complete version. Both versions contained 20 kinds of books published during the Han and Wei Dynasties, from which we may infer that Tang Song Congshu was compiled by reference to Guang Han-Wei Congshu. Previously, scholars were unaware of the difference in contents between the two versions, hence widespread confusion. This article seeks to explain the continuity and peculiarity of the two versions by comparing their respective arrangements of contents and assessing the value of the books they included, thereby providing an alternative source of reference for scholars who are interested in Tang Song Congshu.

 
胡直心學的淵源與發展
Authors: 陳佳銘 陳佳銘
Published: October 2021

胡直一生中追隨過歐陽南野與羅念菴兩位老師，這兩位老師的思想大有不同，前者能肯定良知的明覺、見在之意，後者卻重於收攝保聚之功。本文的目的就在於探究胡直的天則、靈覺、萬物一體、心造天地萬物和博文約禮等義理，以見他的思想較接近哪位老師。通過本文的討論，我們發現胡直的靈覺、心覺等說，幾乎完全看不到歸寂派的收攝、收斂的模式，反倒他是一種當下即是的逆覺型態，這就相當於「悟本體即工夫」。如此說來，他離開了歸寂派的「由工夫以悟本體」之模式，而是能直承於王陽明的良知之教。

 

Chih Hu, throughout his life, has followed two mentors, Nan-ye Ouyang and Hong-xian Luo, who showed different thoughts. The former recognized awareness and existence of conscience, whereas the latter emphasized the practice of convergence and retention of mind. This paper explores Chih Hu’s argumentation such as heavenly rule, spiritual awareness, all beings as unity, all beings created by mind and knowledge and rituals to recognize the mentor with similar thoughts. This paper suggests that Chih Hu’s spiritual awareness and philosophy of mind rarely reveal convergence model of tranquility school. However, he shows reflective awareness of the present. It is similar to "comprehension of ontology as practice". In other words, he deviated from "comprehension of ontology by practice" of tranquility school and succeeded philosophy of conscience of Yang-ming Wang.

 
建構婦女道德空間：《列女傳》圖像在東亞漢文化圈的傳衍
Authors: 錢南秀 錢南秀
Published: October 2021

由漢代儒家學者劉向（前77–前6）開創的《列女傳》文體，其始便圖文並置。故本文所謂傳衍，便具圖文兩重意義，兩者均經歷了時間上的傳承與空間上的播延，其間因與不同時空語境的交纏互動，而有相應形式、載體、內涵等變遷。本文擬對劉向《列女傳》傳世兩千餘年間在東亞漢文化圈的傳衍過程，作一初步勾勒。首先概括漢唐之間、印刷術發明之前，《列女傳》圖像經由圍屏、壁畫、石刻和卷軸的形式流傳；次論宋明印刷術普及後，圖像如何進入《列女傳》木刻版本。而明代大量《列女傳》及仿作的刻印發行，又影響激發了朝鮮與日本仿作的出現。因卷帙浩繁，斷難求全，惟冀能就目前筆者所蒐集的有限資料，考察比勘，以期理解不同社會、政治、文化、經濟等語境對於婦女道德空間建構及其圖文表述所生影響。

 

The genre of the Biographies of Exemplary Women, initiated by the Han Confucian Scholar Liu Xiang （77–6 BCE）, consisted of the texts and illustrations from the very beginning. Thus, a study of its transmission and transformation in the Sinosphere requires examination of both. Throughout the two thousand years, this genre has gone through constant changes of forms, media, and connotations in its interactions with different spatial and temporal contexts. This article intends to summarize this process, first on its evolution through painting screens, murals, stone carvings, and hand scrolls from the Han to the Tang, and then its woodblock versions after the invention of the printing technique in the Song. The spread of the illustrated Ming editions of the Biographies of Exemplary Women into Korea and Japan further inspired its imitative works in these areas. Through a comparative study of excavated materials, this article expects to understand how the sociopolitical, cultural, and economic environments influenced the textual and imagery construction of women’s moral space in the Sinosphere.

 
朝鮮女訓書的歷史發展與視覺教化意涵
Authors: 成珉京 成珉京 , 林侑毅 林侑毅
Published: October 2021

本文分別就朝鮮前期與後期考察朝鮮時代女訓書的歷史發展及針對女性之視覺教化的情形，並試圖闡明其意義。從朝鮮前期到中期，乃至於近代初期，「教化」與「鑑戒」的定型是以圖像表現女性的主要前提之一。教化與鑑戒在將女性形象表現於圖像上發揮關鍵作用，其緊密的關聯性提醒吾人必須研究視覺圖像在以女性為教化對象時發揮的功能與意義。朝鮮時代女訓書以及針對女性之視覺教化，在朝鮮初期以王室主導的賢妃與身體犧牲型烈女形象為主；在此基礎上，朝鮮後期轉向以士大夫為主導，加入更多貼近日常生活的內容。朝鮮後期將日常生活中必須恪遵的規範，以日常生活中隨處可見的屏風形式呈現，這種視覺教化必須以婚後居住型態普遍由婦處制轉變為夫處制的夫家生活為前提。換言之，此一現象呈現了朝鮮後期父權家長制高度發展的一個指標。

 

This paper examines the historical development of Confucian Women’s classics[女訓書] in the Joseon Dynasty and the aspects of visual correction for women in the early and late Joseon periods, and explores their meaning. Enlightenment and sensation were one of the main premise of expressing women in paintings from Joseon Dynasty to mid-term through early modern times. Enlightenment and sensation were acting on the basis of allowing women to be settled as icons, and the closeness reminds us of the need to consider the role and meaning of visual image in enlightenment. In the early Joseon Dynasty, the Confucian Women’s classics and visual edification for women were mainly based on the statue of the Hyun-bi[賢妃] led by the royal family and a physically sacrificed female figure. In addition to this, in the latter part of the Joseon Dynasty, more closely related contents were added to the daily life, as the Sadaebu[士大夫] became the center. Visualization in the form of a folding screen that can be seen in everyday life focuses on the contents that can be performed in married life in the home of the husband’s parents in the late Joseon Dynasty. In other words, this change is an indicator of the patriarchy advanced in the late Joseon Dynasty.

 
來自「東方」的聲音圖景：江文也作品的異國情調與民族追尋
Authors: 張琬琳 張琬琳
Published: October 2021

二十世紀初，在國際間崛起的各國勢力，加速了各民族內部自我整頓與反省的動力，東方音樂家學習西方音樂，也試圖以西方音樂的樂制，來整建自我民族內部的音樂紋理。

東方音樂家欲望著西方，希冀能登上國際音樂舞臺；西方樂壇也期待從東方音樂家那裡，聽見西方人能夠「聽得懂」的「東方聲音」。在東 / 西方彼此期待、渴望之間，音樂本身被賦予極大的感官寓意，對西方人而言，帶有異國情調的音樂，尤其能夠吸引他們的目光；對於東方音樂家而言，這些「東方」的元素，卻是取自於不同民族風土的獨特聲音。

本文聚焦臺灣近代音樂家江文也，以近年來新出版的傳記、日記和音樂作品全集，以及本論文作者近年於歐洲搜集的史料為分析佐證，探討江文也「屬於自己 / 東方的聲音」創作，如何引發西方樂壇對於「東方聲音」的想像。

 

The early twentieth century was a century that had the two global-scale World Wars between world powers across continents and oceans. Rising nationalism and increasing national awareness became a major political issue in general society. Eastern musicians reflected on the issue and diligently learned Western music system to get a remarkable grasp of it. Because they knew well the so-called Oriental music sounds must be rooted in the Western music theory to be able to compete among nations by international standards. On one hand, Eastern musicians desired to be seen and rival upon the world stage; on the other hand, Western musicians looked forward to hearing pure Oriental music sounds from the East. However, for Taiwanese composer Jiang, Wen-Ye, the Oriental music sounds are not the ones of a traditional and exotic concept. Traditionally, the Oriental music sounds derive its flavor from the pentatonic scale and use traditional Chinese musical instruments to play. It is under such circumstances Jiang, Wen-Ye compose beautiful musical forms that embody his love and respectful duty to the Taiwanese motherland throughout frequent international music events and competitions.

 
「翦」字新詮：兼說卜辭「鬳小臣、小妾」
Authors: 張宇衛 張宇衛
Published: October 2021

卜辭 （《合》6342）、 （《合》6834）字，目前以釋「捷」、「翦」、「截」為主，各有學者贊同並進行申說。文中藉由文例探討「 」字的語言結構，以確立其動詞屬性，進而嘗試從「 」字形左上的留存「木」筆畫談起，重新思索此字取「戈翦木」作為造字的背後意涵，以及何以用於戰爭軍事之中。藉由意象的建構歸納出「翦」與先民思維間的聯繫，進而探討在此字背後延伸出的相關字詞，如周鳳五依據「櫱」為伐木之餘，解釋「獻（櫱）民」是用以表示遺民身份，即以此配合「翦」字的考釋，揭示先民藉由植物狀態比喻國家的形態。文中亦藉由後世平行的例子進行比較，以「滅」字的產生以及其延伸出相關字形與「翦」做出對比。

 

The characters (piece 6342) and (piece 6834) have been primarily interpreted as "Jie","Jian" or "Jie" in a majority of literature. After investigating the usage of , this article explores its language composition, thereby establishing its verbal property. Starting from the strokes of "wood" at the upper left of the character , this article seeks to reconsider the connotation of "cutting wood with a dagger-axe" behind its coinage, and address the question as to why this word was used in describing warfare. By virtue of image construction, this article induces the connections between the character "Jian" and our ancestor’s thinking, thereby investigating its derivatives. Based on the character "Xian" interpreted as the detritus of logging, for example, Feng-Wu Zhou argued that the term "Xian people" refers to adherents of a former dynasty. By reference to the textual interpretation of the character "Jian", Feng-Wu Zhou revealed that our ancestors invoked the metaphor of plants to represent the state. This article also performs a comparative analysis of parallel examples of the later times, contrasting the character "Jian" with the coinage of the character "Mie" and its derivatives.

 
廣東省大埔縣高陂鎮與湖寮鎮客家話小稱詞調查研究
Authors: 鄭明中 鄭明中
Published: October 2021

本研究調查廣東省大埔縣湖寮鎮與高陂鎮客家話小稱詞（綴/調），採用依調類分類的152個客家話常用單音節詞根語素做為調查字表，每個鎮選取兩位發音人調查，調查結果總結如下：（一）湖寮與高陂客家話小稱詞均以詞根語素後接小稱詞綴的方式呈現，小稱詞綴為[(t)ə31]。當小稱詞綴前的詞根語素為[-m, -n, -ŋ, -p, -t, -k]等輔音結尾時，小稱詞綴為[mə31, nə31, ŋə31, pə31, tə31, kə31]。當詞根語素以[a]結尾時，高陂鎮與湖寮鎮小稱詞綴使用[lə31]，高陂鎮烏槎村則使用[ə31]。（二）高陂客家話有[35]及[55]兩個出現於詞根語素的連讀變調（均非本調），前者出現於陰平調字，後者則出現於去聲調字。湖寮客家話只有一個出現於陰平調字詞根語素的連讀變調[55]（亦非本調）。湖寮與高陂客家話上聲調字與入聲調字均透過後接小稱詞綴來形成小稱詞，詞根語素無連讀變調產生。（三）湖寮客家話陰入調詞根語素後接小稱詞綴時有[tə31]或[tə55]兩種形式，這種自由變異顯示出小稱詞綴形態演變的過渡階段。（四）就整個音系而言，高陂客家話讀為[am, ap]韻者，湖寮客家話則讀為[aŋ, ak]韻，且只出現於韻核為[a]時，這種變化與發音簡化、元音舌位高度、鼻音發音位置前後，以及漢語方言韻尾演變有關。（五）大埔縣小稱詞綴的形態演變過程為[tə55] → [(t)ə55/31] → [(t)ə31]。最後，本研究將高陂與湖寮客家話小稱詞的調查結果與東勢客家話小稱詞的相關研究相互連結，企圖為東勢客家話小稱調的來源提供更合理的解釋。

 

This study targeted to investigate the diminutives of Hakka dialects spoken in Gaopi and Huliao townships in Dapu County, Guangdong. The word list used for the fieldwork survey included 152 common monosyllabic stems. Two speech informants in each township joined the study. They were asked to read the lexical tones, the sandhi tones, and the diminutives in their own dialects. The results are summarized as follows. First, diminutives are formed in the two townships by stems plus diminutive suffixes [(t)ə31]. When stems end with [-m, -n, -ŋ, -p, -t, -k], diminutive suffixes will surface as [mə31, nə31, ŋə31, pə31, tə31, kə31]. When stems end with [a], the diminutive suffix emerges as [lə31]. Second, two sandhi tones [35/55] occur in Gaopi Hakka, but only one sandhi tone [55] occurs in Huliao Hakka. Both [35] and [55] are not lexical tones in these two Hakka dialects. Third, two diminutive suffixes are used to form diminutives for Yinru stems in Huliao Hakka, and such free variation shows a transitional stage between diminutive suffixes. Fourth, [am, ap] rimes in Gaopi are systematically changed to [aŋ, ak] rimes in Huliao. This change may result from ease of articulation, vowel height, place of nasals, and coda development in Chinese dialects. Fifth, diminutive suffixes in Dapu Hakka undergoes a series of changing stages, that is, [tə55]→[(t)ə55/31]→[(t)ə31]. Finally, this study links the results to the diminutives in Dongshi Hakka, and attempts to offer reasonable explanations for the origin of the diminutive tones in Dongshi Hakka.

 
楊德昌的殉道英雄與歷史反思：重看《牯嶺街少年殺人事件》
Authors: 謝世宗 謝世宗
Published: October 2021

楊德昌的《牯嶺街少年殺人事件》（1991）由於研究材料取得上的困難，二十五年來的研究論文仍然相當有限。不同於形式分析、女性主義、後殖民理論與心理分析的角度，本文以新批評的細讀與敘事學的方法，釐清電影如何透過角色的類比與對比，包含政治的現實主義者、道德的理想主義者與勢利的弄權者之間的妥協與衝突，在舞臺上架構出一齣殉道者的道德悲劇。其次，透過《牯嶺街》作為一部歷史電影，脈絡化上述的人物角色與道德衝突，探討1960年代的國家機器如何形塑了一群道德的理想主義者，而他們理想主義又為何必然與整個時代產生矛盾與衝突。

 

Due to its inconvenient access, Edward Yang’s masterpiece A Brighter Summer Day, for the past twenty five years, has ellicited very few research articles. To make a contribution to this premature scholarship, this article focuses on the subject matter of the film and employes the method of narratology to argue that through the devices of similarity and contrast, Yang presents an ambitious moral tragedy on the cinematic stage where the heros attempt to realize their moral ideals even at the cost of their inclinations, self-interests and lives. Viewing the film as Yang’s historical reflection on the 1960s, the article then unravel the ways by which the state apparatuse interpellates some individuals into moral subjects and explicate why these moral idealists are doomed to confront and conflict with the millieu.

 
譜名花而儷色：「花譜」及《品花箋》的知識遞轉與類應譜系
Authors: 毛文芳 毛文芳
Published: October 2021

晚明萍鄉女史編纂《廣陵女士殿最》一書，並稱「國色」與「天香」，同期清苕花史亦有一部青樓叢書《品花箋》，則對舉「名花」與「傾國」，二書皆呈現著花與美人繫連而成「譜名花而儷色」的著作樣態。《品花箋》收書涉及箋、譜之流的體式，既指陳書寫媒介的物質特性，而圍繞著「名花譜系」之名義及收書品類，更關涉宋代新興的「譜錄」著述。本文試由兩大面向進行考索，其一、「譜錄」類例之成立與宋明知識遞轉；其二、《品花箋》類型著作之類應關係與知識譜系。首先，筆者引入目錄學視角梳理宋代「譜錄」之類例興起與知識型態，並考察「花譜」如何由宋迄明經知識擴散而成教材大全與視覺圖典。其次，聚焦於《品花箋》及其類型著作，視其為宋代「花譜」知識遞轉之多向度產物，從類應關係與知識譜系兩端探討種種相涉問題。

 
竹香《花鳥花卉草蟲圖帖》及妓生的繪畫知識
Authors: 朴英敏 朴英敏 , 林侑毅 林侑毅
Published: October 2021

本研究以朝鮮時代樂歌舞表演的主要演出者，同時也熟悉繪畫創作及鑑賞的妓生為研究對象，旨在闡明其繪畫特徵、繪畫知識的水準，並客觀將其置於朝鮮時代藝術史上。為達此研究目標，本文首先分析了竹香《花鳥花卉草蟲圖》13帖（國立中央博物館藏）的畫題。竹香《花鳥花卉草蟲圖》13帖的畫題，大多摘取自中國花鳥畫大家或著名詩人的詩句。竹香熟知中國書籍，能自由運用中國題畫詩於自身畫作中，又懂得分析自身畫作與中國題畫詩的關係，靈活摘取詩句於畫題中。竹香摘取中國詩人或畫家的詩，代表已具有一定程度的繪畫知識水準，能將之運用於自身畫作的畫題中。

 竹香何以摘取中國詩人的題畫詩或詩句為畫題？竹香為強調自己是喜歡寫生的畫家，特意選用錢選的詩。竹香引用中國題畵詩，是為了表示自己從小在平壤即是喜歡寫生的畫家，也是水準相當高的畫家。其原因在於希望自己的畫作，被當代社會認可為是追求文人畫風的作品。此外，竹香也透過畫題表現官妓的生命。妓生求愛而不可得，終遭背棄的生命哀愁，亦發生在竹香身上。此外，她也表達了以官妓身分出席宴會，從中感受到的空虛與寂寥。儘管官妓出身，身分低賤，竹香仍想表現個人心性的孤高。因此對竹香而言，畫題是表達自己身為作家的生命、身為妓生的生命最適合的媒介

 

This study explores what characteristics paintings by female entertainers(妓生, Kisaeng) who not only was mainly charge of singing and dancing performances but skilled at paintings and appreciation of them in Chosŏn Korea have and how abreast of them they are. To this end, this study shed lights on Poem describing the painting(畫題) in an 13-page long album with flowers, birds, plant and insects(花鳥花卉草蟲圖) at National museum of Korea. This Haojae(畫題) was a good medium for Chukhyang(竹香) to show her life as a painter and kisaeng.

 
Screening of antimicrobial potential of methanolic, acetone and quencher extracts from Cladonia rangiformis Hoffm. and Cladonia pocillum Ach.
Authors: Badiaa Essghaier , Mohamed Mendili , Ayda Khadhri
Published: October 2021

This study compared the efficacy of two species of lichen located in Tunisia belonging to Cladonia rangiformis and Cladonia pocillum species. The antibacterial and antifungal potentials of methanol, acetone and quencher extracts of C. rangiformis and C. pocillum and the lysozyme activity of both methanol extracts were investigated. The results showed that the examined extracts had antimicrobial properties against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and anti-Candida properties and that they also limited the spore germination of Penicillium and Aspergillus. Further results showed that the largest diameter of the inhibition zone was obtained by the methanolic extract of C. pocillum with 31 mm and 27.5 mm against E. cloacae and E. coli, respectively. MIC values of bactericidal and fungicidal activities of both Cladonia extracts ranged from 0.25 mg/mL to 2 mg/mL. C. pocillum possess superior lysozyme activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Furthermore, the methanol extract of both Cladonia showed a remarkable destructive effect on the morphology of fungal hyphae.
EFECTELE PANDEMIEI DE COVID-19 ASUPRA IMPLEMENTĂRII OBIECTIVELOR DEZVOLTĂRII DURABILE ÎN ORGANIZAȚIA MILITARĂ
Authors: HRAB Daniela-Elena
Published: October 2021

Prezentul a Prezentul articol realizează o scurtă analiză a obiectivelor dezvoltării durabile cu aplicabilitate în organizația militară și identifică, prin metoda analizei documentelor, principalele modalități în care organizația militară a fost afectată de pandemia de COVID-19, cu accent pe evoluția cheltuielilor militare. Scopul final este stabilirea modului în care pandemia a influențat implementarea obiectivelor dezvoltării durabile în organizația militară, pentru a oferi managementului strategic recomandări în sensul sporirii rezilienței și sustenabilității organizației militare. Principala concluzie a prezentului demers de cercetare este că pandemia nu a avut un impact semnificativ pe termen scurt, însă pe termen mediu și lung, situația se poate schimba, fapt ce îndeamnă la adaptare, cooperare, coordonare și prudență în configurarea cheltuielilor de apărare. Drept concluzie secundară, se poate considera că pandemia poate avea un efect accelerator asupra politicilor de dezvoltare durabilă, organizația militară fiind chemată să beneficieze de lecțiile identificate și de oportunitățile ivite, în scopul sporirii capacității de reacție.

rticol realizează o scurtă analiză a obiectivelor dezvoltării durabile cu aplicabilitate în organizația militară și identifică, prin metoda analizei documentelor, principalele modalități în care organizația militară a fost afectată de pandemia de COVID-19, cu accent pe evoluția cheltuielilor militare. Scopul final este stabilirea modului în care pandemia a influențat implementarea obiectivelor dezvoltării durabile în organizația militară, pentru a oferi managementului strategic recomandări în sensul sporirii rezilienței și sustenabilității organizației militare. Principala concluzie a prezentului demers de cercetare este că pandemia nu a avut un impact semnificativ pe termen scurt, însă pe termen mediu și lung, situația se poate schimba, fapt ce îndeamnă la adaptare, cooperare, coordonare și prudență în configurarea cheltuielilor de apărare. Drept concluzie secundară, se poate considera că pandemia poate avea un efect accelerator asupra politicilor de dezvoltare durabilă, organizația militară fiind chemată să beneficieze de lecțiile identificate și de oportunitățile ivite, în scopul sporirii capacității de reacție.
STUDIU PRIVIND POSIBILITĂȚILE DE EXTINDERE A APLICĂRII STANDARDELOR INTERNAȚIONALE PENTRU SECTORUL PUBLIC (IPSAS ) ÎN CONTABILITATEA PUBLICĂ DIN ROMÂNIA ȘI DIN MINISTERUL APĂRĂRII NAȚIONALE
Authors: BEȘTELIU Nicu-Elinor
Published: October 2021

Conectarea legislației naționale contabile din sectorul public la standardele internaționale de profil (IPSAS) este un efort care, în țara noastră, a demarat înainte de 2005 și care continuă și în prezent. Acest demers se înscrie în preocupările specialiștilor și din alte state, de a realiza această conectare la acest referențial contabil mondial. În țara noastră, acest demers a fost realizat de diferite grupuri de specialiști din ministerul de resort, din universități și de la firme de audit sau consultanță, demers care a configurat noua formă a legislației contabile, continuu supusă efortului de conectare la IPSAS. În acest sens, am inițiat și noi un studiu, bazat pe aplicarea unui chestionar în rândul profesioniștilor contabili din armată, ale cărui concluzii le-am prezentat în acest articol.
MANAGEMENTUL ACTIVITĂȚII PERSONALULUI DIN ARMATA ROMÂNIEI PARTICIPANT LA OPERAȚIILE MULTINAȚIONALE
Authors: MANDEȘ Alice-Claudița
Published: October 2021

Schimbările care au avut loc în ultima perioadă de timp în mediul geopolitic și geostrategic global au evidențiat întrebuințarea forțelor armate ca un argument consistent de soluționare a situațiilor de criză, apărute la nivel internațional. În acest sens, planificarea, organizarea și desfășurarea de acțiuni militare, în context internațional, au devenit o realitate a timpurilor noastre, respectiv o soluție eficientă în multe dintre conflictele desfășurate în ultima perioadă.
POSIBILITĂȚI DE EVALUARE A PERFORMANȚELOR AUDITULUI DE REGULARITATE/CONFORMITATE CU AJUTORUL METODEI BALANCED SCORECARD (BSC)
Authors: TIMOFTE Vasile
Published: October 2021

Auditul de regularitate/conformitate reprezintă un tip specific de audit intern, menit să examineze procesele, activităţile şi acţiunile desfăşurate în entităţile publice sau private, pe baza unui cadru de referinţă astfel conceput încât să permită, la nivelul acestor structuri, o asigurare cu privire la eficacitatea managementului riscurilor, controlului şi proceselor de guvernanţă. Această activitate trebuie continuu perfecționată și modernizată pentru a fi conectată strâns la cerințele și nevoile în continuă dinamică a celor auditați, iar modelul Balanced Scorecard (BSC) oferă o astfel de posibilitate. În partea finală a articolului, am identificat, potrivit cerințelor acestui model, un set de chestionare pentru auditori și auditați, de indicatori de performanță, de elemente de inovație, de conexiune și de strategii, care, aplicate sau investigate în entitățile militare, vor permite evidențierea posibilităților de sporire a performanțelor auditului intern prin misiuni de regularitate/conformitate.
Reducing Energy and Water Consumption in Textile Dyeing Industry with Cleaner Production by Inlet-Outlet Modification to Reuse Wastewater
Authors: Yandri Erkata , Idroes Rinaldi , Setyobudi Roy Hendroko , Rudationo Carolus Boromeus , Wahono Satriyo Krido , Mahaswa Rangga Kala , Burlakovs Juris , Susanto Herry
Published: October 2021

Dyeing Finishing (DF) textile industries which consume a lot of energy, chemicals, water, etc., then produce a lot of wastewater which creates significant environmental problems, can be anticipated by applying Cleaner Production. This paper is presented to discuss the technical modification process of dyeing production machines, which reuse process wastewater to save water and energy consumption in the production process. For that reason, there are three steps taken. First, understand the process flow of the textile dyeing industry. Second, understand in detail the dyeing process of the Jet Dyeing (JD) machine. Third, implement steps on the floor, focusing on the JD machine, starting from the initial conditions until the third step. As a result, savings in water consumption per day for 10 JD machines were achieved by almost 50 %, with details; at the initial status 700 000 L, 600 000 L in the first step, 430 000 L in the second step, and finally 400 000 L in the third step. A similar action can be carried out in other processes, such as washing, de-sizing, or in other industries which also consume a lot of water and energy.
Facility Planning Optimization Platform, GGOD, for Expandable Cluster-type Micro-grid Installations and Operations
Authors: Iwamura Kazuaki , Nakanishi Yosuke , Lewlomphaisarl Udom , Estoperez Noel , Lomi Abraham
Published: October 2021

This paper describes the architecture and the utilization for a facility planning optimization platform called GGOD, “Grid of Grids Optimal Designer” and applies it to expandable cluster-type micro-grid installations and operations. The expandable cluster-type micro-grid is defined as a group of micro-grids that are connected by bi-directional power transfer networks. Furthermore, power sources are also networked. Especially, by networking among power sources, powers necessary for social activities in-demand areas are secured. The proposed architecture is based on service-oriented architecture, meaning that optimization functions are executed as services. For flexibility, these services are executed by requests based on extensible mark-up language texts. The available optimizations are written in meta-data, which are accessible to end-users from the meta-data database system called clearinghouse. The meta-data are of two types, one for single optimization and the other for combined optimization. The processes in GGOD are conducted by the management function which interprets descriptions in meta-data. In meta-data, the names of optimization functions and activation orders are written. The basic executions follow sequential, branch, or loop flow processes, which execute combined optimizations, compare more than two kinds of optimization processes, and perform iterative simulations, respectively. As an application of the proposed architecture, the power generation sites and transmission networks are optimized in a geospatial integrated-resource planning scenario. In this application, a structure and a method for the combination of component functions in GGOD are exemplified. Moreover, GGOD suggests promotions of a lot of applications by effective combinations of basic optimization functions.
Understanding COVID-19 vaccination program among Indonesian public
Authors: Widjaja Gunawan , Zahari MS M. , Hastuti Puji , Nugraha Aat Ruchiat , Kusumawaty Ira
Published: October 2021

We analyze publications from various health scientific journals, especially the Covid-19 vaccine program, which succeeded in answering this research problem. We want the Covid-19 vaccine program among citizens in terms of challenges and expectations. Our data retrieval efforts are carried out using electronic applications on data sources based on health publications related to the Covid-19 pandemic and national vaccination programs from Esavier, Google Book, Taylor&France, Sagepub, Google Scholar, and Researchgate. Furthermore, data analysis involves a system of data evaluation, coding, and interpretation before concluding. With secondary data, we report the results; this paper chooses a descriptive and qualitative analytical approach and literature study. All stages and systems of our research design followed the researcher's direction for a descriptive qualitative review so that we were assisted in reporting the results. We can summarize the results that the vaccine program has received publicly. However, due to the government's limitations so far, public understanding of the vaccine agenda still requires national support and participation, so this is a challenge and hope in completing the Covid-19 response agenda in Indonesia.
“Clinical masks” of congenital malformations of urinary system in children of early age
Authors: Lukyanenko Nataliia S. , Imanmadiyeva Danara M. , Dolinnaya Vilena T. , Spaska Anastasiya
Published: October 2021

Nowadays there is an increase in nephropathy in young children, which is associated not only with environmental impacts, but also with an increase in the incidence of congenital and hereditary caused forms of diseases, an increase in the incidence of mothers, and an improvement in diagnosis. In order to analyze the frequency of congenital malformations of the urinary system in young children under the “clinical masks” of various somatic pathologies, 864 cards of inpatients that were treated in the Early Childhood Department of the Regional Children's Clinical Hospital “OKHMATDYT” during 2013 were analyzed. The authors came to the conclusion that congenital malformations of the urinary system in young children are a frequent pathology, diagnosed in 44.6% of children admitted to the To the Department of the early age for acute pyelonephritis to get 10.3% of all children who were admitted to hospital treatment. The introduction of a two-stage algorithm for the diagnosis of congenital malformations of the urinary system allows us to recognize their various “clinical masks” and timely establish a clinical diagnosis of anomalies. This approach makes it possible to conduct adequate therapy and reduce high rates of childhood morbidity and disability, and has significant medical and social effects.
Current issues of molecular diagnostics of bladder cancer
Authors: Nurman Dana G. , Karim Akzhol K. , Akhnazarov Shokhrukh K. , Mukashev Sultan T. , Demissenov Olzhas M.
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, it is generally accepted that cancer is a genetic disease. Tumour cells appear due to the accumulation of mutations in critical proto-oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. Urothelial bladder cancer is a frequent oncological pathology, and therefore it is a significant social problem. The practical relevance of the study is due to the fact that the findings can significantly improve the efficiency of bladder cancer diagnosis. The purpose of the study was to consider all modern methods for diagnosing bladder cancer in one paper. As a research method, the analysis of scientific data obtained from the experimental study of bladder cancer was carried out. According to the data of the investigated sources, a fairly large number of scientists believe that bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common tumours affecting the urinary tract. It is believed that important prognostic factors include the presence of vascular invasion and tumour complexes in the vessels, which increases the risk of the secondary neoplasm growth even at the pT1 stage. However, when assessing vascular invasion, pathologists often mistake the cracks formed around the tumour complexes for vessels. In this case, the study suggests conducting an immunohistochemical analysis for clear visualisation of blood vessels.