bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Asymmetric Multifractal Characteristics of Price–Volume Cross-Correlation in the Chinese Rebar Futures Market Based on MF-ADCCA
Authors: Wang Jian , Jiang Wenjing , Yan Yan , Shao Wei , Wu Xinpei , Hua Zhongyu
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we employ multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis (MF-DCCA) to study the cross-correlation between closing price and trading volume and the multifractal characteristics of the relationship. The results show that the price, volume and price–volume cross-correlation in the rebar futures market have significant multifractal features. We find that the multifractal characteristics of price–volume cross-correlation are derived from long-term correlation and fat-tailed distribution. However, MF-DCCA cannot be used to explore the price–volume cross-correlation under different market trends (upwards or downwards). Therefore, we further adopt multifractal asymmetric detrended cross-correlation analysis (MF-ADCCA) to explore the asymmetric multifractal characteristics of price–volume cross-correlation. The empirical results show that the price–volume cross-correlation in the rebar futures market has significant asymmetric multifractality. Specifically, the asymmetry of the price–volume cross-correlation is more robust for both the price changes and the volume changes in a downtrend than that in an uptrend, indicating that the downward market tends to be more complex and riskier than the upward market in Shanghai Futures Exchange (SHFE) rebar futures market. Therefore, investors should pay extra attention to the downward market of the rebar futures and make reasonable investment strategies according to their risk appetite.
Theory of linkage, Gorenstein dimension and two semidualizing modules
Authors: Souza Thyago S.
Published: February 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a semiperfect commutative Noetherian ring with identity and [Formula: see text] be semidualizing [Formula: see text]-modules. We study the theory of linkage with respect to [Formula: see text] for modules of finite [Formula: see text]-dimension. For a module which is horizontally linked with respect to [Formula: see text], the connections of its invariants reduced grade with respect to [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]-dimension and depth are discussed. Along the way, we provide a characterization of horizontally linked modules with respect to [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]-dimension zero.
On the theory and applications of G-dimension with respect to a semidualizing module
Authors: Miranda-Neto Cleto B. , Souza Thyago S.
Published: February 2023

We contribute to the theory of G-dimension relative to a semidualizing module [Formula: see text], in connection to the properties of a module being totally [Formula: see text]-reflexive, [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-torsionless, and [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-syzygy, where [Formula: see text] is an integer. We extend several known results, and for an integer [Formula: see text] we introduce the class of [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-Gorenstein rings. We also consider [Formula: see text]-duals and initiate the study of [Formula: see text]-valued derivation modules over a local ring [Formula: see text] of low depth; if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is a three-dimensional Gorenstein domain, we find a bound for the number of generators and we propose a question when [Formula: see text] is general.
A note on finite groups in which every non-nilpotent maximal subgroup has prime index
Authors: Shi Jiangtao , Liu Wenjing , Tian Yunfeng
Published: February 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite group in which every non-nilpotent maximal subgroup has prime index and [Formula: see text] the largest prime divisor of [Formula: see text], without using the solvability of [Formula: see text] we prove that either the Sylow [Formula: see text]-subgroup of [Formula: see text] is normal or [Formula: see text] has a normal [Formula: see text]-complement.
Snell’s law revisited and generalized via Finsler geometry
Authors: Markvorsen Steen , Pendás-Recondo Enrique
Published: February 2023

We study the variational problem of finding the fastest path between two points that belong to different anisotropic media, each with a prescribed speed profile and a common interface. The optimal curves are Finsler geodesics that are refracted — broken — as they pass through the interface, due to the discontinuity of their velocities. This “breaking” must satisfy a specific condition in terms of the Finsler metrics defined by the speed profiles, thus establishing the generalized Snell’s law. In the same way, optimal paths bouncing off the interface — without crossing into the second domain — provide the generalized law of reflection. The classical Snell’s and reflection laws are recovered in this setting when the velocities are isotropic. If one considers a wave that propagates in all directions from a given ignition point, the trajectories that globally minimize the traveltime generate the wavefront at each instant of time. We study in detail the global properties of such wavefronts in the Euclidean plane with anisotropic speed profiles. Like the individual rays, they break when they encounter the discontinuity interface. But they are also broken due to the formation of cut loci — stemming from the self-intersection of the wavefronts — which typically appear when they approach a high-speed profile domain from a low-speed profile.
Some perspectives on (non)local phase transitions and minimal surfaces
Authors: Dipierro Serena , Valdinoci Enrico
Published: February 2023

We present here some classical and modern results about phase transitions and minimal surfaces, which are quite intertwined topics. We start from scratch, revisiting the theory of phase transitions as put forth by Lev Landau. Then, we relate the short-range phase transitions to the classical minimal surfaces, whose basic regularity theory is presented, also in connection with a celebrated conjecture by Ennio De Giorgi. With this, we explore the recently developed subject of long-range phase transitions and relate its genuinely nonlocal regime to the analysis of fractional minimal surfaces.
Optimal Cluster-Based Topology and Deep LSTM-Based Prediction Method for Data Reduction in IoT
Authors: Jagdale B. N. , Sugave Shounak Rushikesh , Kulkarni Yogesh R.
Published: February 2023

In the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the data prediction approach is needed to attain data effectively by diminishing node energy consumption. Hence, in this research, Water cycle Fire Fly Optimization and Deep Long Short-Term Memory (WCFO+ Deep LSTM) approach is employed for aggregation and reduction of data. The processes involved in the developed method are node simulation, cluster-based topology construction, routing tree construction, and data aggregation. Initially, IoT nodes are simulated in the network environment. The cluster-based topology construction is made using the WCFO algorithm. The WCFO is developed by the integration of the Firefly Optimization Algorithm (FOA) and Water cycle algorithm (WCA). The cluster-based topology is constructed by considering the objective function that includes the parameters, including distance, delay, link quality, and energy. After that, the routing process is performed using developed WCFO approach for constructing a routing tree and estimating the optimal path. Finally, the Deep LSTM is trained by the proposed WCFO algorithm, which is utilized for executing data reduction and data aggregation process with minimum energy consumption. The devised WCFO+ Deep LSTM approach achieved better performance in terms of prediction error, delay, energy, and Packet delivery ratio (PDR) with values 0.029, 0.001[Formula: see text]s, 0.161[Formula: see text]J and 99.054%, respectively.
Detection of cells by flow cytometry: Counting, imaging, and cell classification
Authors: Yu Yingsi , Zheng Yimei , Guan Caizhong , Yi Min , Chen Yunzhao , Zeng Yaguang , Xiong Honglian , Wang Xuehua , Zhong Junping , Ding Wenzheng , Wang Mingyi , Wei Xunbin
Published: February 2023

The study of circulating cells in the blood stream is critical, as it covers many fields of biomedicine, including immunology, cell biology, oncology, and reproductive medicine. In-vivo flow cytometry (IVFC) is a new tool to monitor and count cells in real time for long durations in their native biological environment. This review describes two main categories of IVFC, i.e., labeled and label-free IVFC. It focuses on label-free IVFC and introduces its technological development and related biological applications. Because cell recognition is the basis of flow cytometry counting, this review also describes various methods for the classification of unlabeled cells, including the latest machine learning-based technologies.
The Adaptive Governance Capacities of the City of Cape Town Built in Response to Extreme Events
Authors: Ziervogel Gina , Morgan Gareth
Published: February 2023

Increasingly, city governments are having to deal with climate change repercussions alongside those of other disasters, all while addressing its implications for both daily life and future sustainability. This paper argues that to build resilience to future climate extreme events and multi-hazards, it is essential to establish a systemic approach across sectors at the city scale. The City of Cape Town recently endured an extreme drought, followed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Through a series of interviews and engagements with senior government officials, a detailed understanding of the City of Cape Town’s response to the 2015–2018 drought and the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021 was attained. In reviewing the City’s response, five inter-related adaptive governance capacities were identified as necessary for building a rapid and effective systemic response to future extreme events within city government. First, local government must be able to respond to hazards and risk systemically; second, system-level data is needed to quantify and develop an integrated understanding of important system components; and third, flexible governance mechanisms can help support agile leadership at the senior city management level. The fourth capacity is that of project execution skills for the rapid implementation of responses and infrastructure; the fifth is the ability to partner with civil society and the private sector. An analysis of these two proximate extreme events reveals the nature of these five capacities and how they have been put into practice in Cape Town. It is important to unpack and share the nature of these capacities and how they enabled a more systemic response, especially given the call for more attention to be paid to what adaptive urban governance looks like in practice when managing multi-risk and extreme events in cities.
MuSu: A medium-term investment strategy by integrating Multifactor model with industrial Supply chain
Authors: Sun Yunchuan , Liu Lu , Fang Jingyu , Zeng Xiaoping , Wan Zijun
Published: February 2023

Most experts try their best to enhance investment performance of multifactor strategy by appending new useful factors or by optimizing existing factors. However, few people take the supply chain into consideration during multifactor strategy designing. Indeed, supply and demand relationships in the industry can reflect the running situation of the relevant companies, so the relationships would be efficient in stock choosing. In this work, we propose a midterm strategy of multifactor, named MUSU, by introducing the industrial supply chain into the multifactor model. We verify the model by taking the industry of new Energy Vehicle as Example. The results show that MUSU performs much better than the traditional models, no matter with market value choosing mechanism or not. It reveals that the introduction of supply chain in multifactor model considerably improves multifactor strategy’s profitability and stability.
Group Coevolution and Immigration Pigeon-Inspired Optimized Dual-layer Controller for Aerial Manipulator Trajectory Tracking
Authors: Bin Lin , Wei Chen
Published: February 2023

The aerial manipulator expands the scope of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)’s application as well as increases the difficulties in the design of the controller. To better control the aerial manipulator for different trajectories tracking under different conditions, a new dual-layer controller is designed in this paper. The integral backstepping sliding mode controller (IBSMC) is applied to the outer-loop controller and backstepping controller (BC) is applied to the inner-loop controller. To improve the performance of the system, an improved pigeon-inspired optimization (PIO) algorithm called group coevolution and immigration pigeon-inspired optimization (GCIPIO) algorithm is proposed to optimize the controller parameters of IBSMC. GCIPIO algorithm utilizes the group coevolution and immigration mechanisms. A series of simulations are conducted to show the advantage of the proposed method. The results illustrate that the proposed method ensures the closed-loop system has less end-effector tracking error.
NEXUS BETWEEN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Authors: LASISI JUBRIL OLUKAYODE
Published: February 2023

In recent years, social entrepreneurship has increased as a result of the poor effectiveness of governmental entities in improving the standard of living of disadvantaged social sectors. Since the goal of sustainable development is to improve the quality of individuals’ lives, entrepreneurship with its advantages would be considered one of the most important and best options for development. This study investigates the nexus between social entrepreneurship and sustainable development goals. The study made use of present researchers and a review of past researchers. The study entails the introduction; the concept of social entrepreneurship; entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship; social entrepreneurs’ characteristics; the importance of social entrepreneurship; the concept of sustainable development goals (SDGs); the link between social entrepreneurship and sustainable development; conclusions and implications for management. The study concluded that social entrepreneurs have an essential role in the transformation of society, and likewise, sustainable development became one of the main objectives of any economic growth, to be achieved to meet current needs without diminishing the importance of the other goals.
Quantifying Movement Behavior of Chronic Low Back Pain Patients in Virtual Reality
Authors: Gröhn Tommi , Liikkanen Sammeli , Huttunen Teppo , Mäkinen Mika , Liljeberg Pasi , Marttinen Pekka
Published: February 2023

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a globally common musculoskeletal problem. Measuring the sensation of pain and the effect of a treatment has always been a challenge for healthcare. Here, we study how the movement data, collected while using a virtual reality (VR) program, could be used as an objective measurement in patients with CLBP. A specific data collection method based on VR was developed and used with CLBP patients and healthy volunteers. We demonstrate that the movement data in VR can be used to classify individuals in these two groups with a high accuracy by using logistic regression. The most discriminative features are the duration of the movements and the total variation of movement velocity. Furthermore, we show that hidden Markov models can divide movement data into meaningful segments, which creates possibilities for defining even more detailed features, with potential to improve accuracy, when larger datasets become available in the future.
Realizing Strong Determinism Contract on Log-Structured Merge Key-Value Stores
Authors: Kwon Miryeong , Lee Seungjun , Choi Hyunkyu , Hwang Jooyoung , Jung Myoungsoo
Published: February 2023

We propose
Vigil-KV
, a hardware and software co-designed framework that eliminates long-tail latency almost perfectly by introducing strong latency determinism. To make Get latency deterministic, Vigil-KV first enables a predictable latency mode (PLM) interface on a real datacenter-scale NVMe SSD, having knowledge about the nature of the underlying flash technologies. Vigil-KV at the system-level then hides the non-deterministic time window (associated with SSD’s internal tasks and/or write services) by internally scheduling the different device states of PLM across multiple physical functions. Vigil-KV further schedules compaction/flush operations and client requests being aware of PLM’s restrictions thereby integrating strong latency determinism into LSM KVs. We implement Vigil-KV upon a 1.92TB NVMe SSD prototype and Linux 4.19.91, but other LSM KVs can adopt its concept. We evaluate diverse Facebook and Yahoo scenarios with Vigil-KV, and the results show that Vigil-KV can reducethe tail latency of a baseline KV system by 3.19× while reducing the average latency by 34%, on average.
Task-based Parallel Programming for Scalable Matrix Product Algorithms
Authors: Agullo Emmanuel , Buttari Alfredo , Guermouche Abdou , Herrmann Julien , Jego Antoine
Published: February 2023

Task-based programming models have succeeded in gaining the interest of the high-performance mathematical software community because they relieve part of the burden of developing and implementing distributed-memory parallel algorithms in an efficient and portable way.In increasingly larger, more heterogeneous clusters of computers, these models appear as a way to maintain and enhance more complex algorithms. However, task-based programming models lack the flexibility and the features that are necessary to express in an elegant and compact way scalable algorithms that rely on advanced communication patterns. We show that the Sequential Task Flow paradigm can be extended to write compact yet efficient and scalable routines for linear algebra computations. Although, this work focuses on dense General Matrix Multiplication, the proposed features enable the implementation of more complex algorithms. We describe the implementation of these features and of the resulting GEMM operation. Finally, we present an experimental analysis on two homogeneous supercomputers showing that our approach is competitive up to 32,768 CPU cores with state-of-the-art libraries and may outperform them for some problem dimensions. Although our code can use GPUs straightforwardly, we do not deal with this case because it implies other issues which are out of the scope of this work.
Tungsten Disulfide Wrapped WO3 Based Thin Film Transparent Electrode Material for Electrochromic Device Application
Authors: Sharma Rahul , Nihal  , Sharma Mamta , Goswamy J. K.
Published: February 2023

We report the detailed investigation of tungsten disulfide (WS2) wrapped tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanocomposites as electrode materials for electrochromic devices. The WS2/WO3 nanocomposite was prepared by exfoliation of WS2 in WO3, where WO3 was prepared by acidic co-precipitation technique. X-ray diffraction spectra were used to study the structural properties of the prepared materials. The results show that agglomeration due to pinning of grain boundaries by WS2 leads to an increase in the crystallite size of the nanocomposites, confirming the formation of WS2/WO3. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution tunnelling electron microscpy were used to study the nanocomposites morphology. The results show that the relative distribution of nanoparticles is more uniform compared to WO3 after the addition of WS2. The shape of WO3 changes from spherical to square nanosheets with good dispersion. The electrochemical properties of the prepared samples were investigated by chronoamperometry, charge/discharge,and cyclic voltammetry. The lower peak separation between oxidation and reduction resulted from the fact that the peaks of the anodic and cathodic current densities of the nanocomposite (WS2/WO3) were shifted more to higher and lower potentials, respectively. This suggests faster charge transfer kinetics. UV/Vis spectroscopy was used to investigate the electrochromic and optical properties of the fabricated ECDs. The WS2/WO3-based ECDs exhibit a high colouring efficiency of 61 cm2C−1. The study shows that ECDs based on WS2/WO3 exhibit better electrochromic performance compared to WO3 ECDs.
Structure-Performance Relationships of Complexing Agents on the Chemical Mechanical Polishing of 6063 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Li Yanpei , Xi Mengfei , Jiang Bowen , Li Xing’ai , Zhang Yanfeng , Zhang Zefang
Published: February 2023

Aluminum alloy has wide applications in many industries due to its unique properties. Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is commonly used to treat aluminum alloy to generate mirror-finish surface. In this study, the effects of pH and H2O2 concentration on the CMP of 6063 aluminum alloy were studied. Better CMP performance was obtained in basic media with 1.0 wt% H2O2. Moreover, complexing agents with different structures and functional groups were evaluated for the CMP of Al-alloy, and their structure-performance relationship was systematically studied. It was found that complexing power, steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion of complexing agents were important factors determining material removal rate and surface roughness. The complexing agent with high complexing power can favor the dissolution and Al substrate. The complexing agent with large steric hindrance and high charge density can form a stable boundary layer on the surface of substrate and improve its dispersion ability, thereby improving MRR and surface quality. In addition, the amino functional groups of complexing agents exist in the form of neutral molecules at pH 10, which is inferior to carboxyl complexing agents due to their poor static repulsion. XPS analysis confirmed the anchoring of carboxylate anions on the sample surface.
Work Function Estimation of Gallium-Doped Zinc Oxide Using Transparent Gate Electrode MOSFET
Authors: Saikumar Ashwin Kumar , Sundaresh Sreeram , Nehate Shraddha Dhanraj , Phelps Justin , Abdolvand Reza , Sundaram Kalpathy B.
Published: February 2023

In this research, the work function (WF) of RF sputtered GZO thin films has been estimated using the electrical characteristics n-Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (n-MOSFET) device. Two identical sets of MOSFETs were fabricated in this work using a four-level mask. These MOSFETs have two different types of gate contact materials (Al and GZO respectively). GZO was deposited by using RF magnetron sputtering technique while Al was deposited using the thermal evaporation technique. By comparison of the work function of the two MOSFETs, the work function of RF sputtered GZO thin films was identified to be around 4.58 eV.
Review—Simulation of A/D Circuits Based on CNTFETs both in SPICE and Verilog-A
Authors: Marani R. , Perri A. G.
Published: February 2023

In this review, through the simulation of some A/D electronic circuits, we implement a semi-empirical compact model for CNTFETs, already proposed by us and briefly recalled, both in SPICE, using ABM library, and in Verilog-A language of ADS, highlighting the differences between the two software. In particular we review the design of a common source amplifier and a phase-shift oscillator, as examples of analog circuits, and the design of NOT and NAND gates, as example of digital circuits, both in SPICE and in Verilog-A, observing that the obtained results are the same in static simulations and comparable in dynamic simulations. At last we show that Verilog-A has a simulation run time much shorter and is much more concise and clear than schemes using ABM blocks in SPICE.
Case Studies in Physiology: Is blackout in breath-hold diving related to cardiac arrhythmias?
Authors: Mulder Eric , Längle Lukas , Pernett Frank , Bouten Janne , Sieber Arne , Schagatay Erika
Published: February 2023

Heart rate during prolonged breath-holding until the point of loss of consciousness has not previously been published. The recordings show that blackout was preceded by a period of persistent alterations in R-R intervals, whereby an ectopic beat followed every normal heartbeat. Explanations for this deviating heart rate pattern could be either premature atrial contractions or premature ventricular contractions following every atrial beat, i.e., bigeminy, which could have compromised cardiac pumping function and caused/contributed to blackout.
School Nurse Confidence with Diabetes Devices in Relation to Diabetes Knowledge and Prior Training: A Study of Convergent Validity
Authors: March Christine A. , Hill Amber , Kazmerski Traci M. , Siminerio Linda , Switzer Galen , Miller Elizabeth , Libman Ingrid
Published: February 2023

Objective. The diabetes device confidence scale (DDCS) is a new scale designed to evaluate school nurse confidence with diabetes devices. We hypothesized that the DDCS score would be associated with related constructs of school nurse diabetes knowledge, experience, and training. Research Design and Methods. In a cross-sectional study, we coadministered the DDCS and diabetes knowledge test 2 (DKT2) questionnaires to school nurses in Pennsylvania. We summarized DDCS scores (range 1–5) descriptively. We evaluated the relationship between the DKT2 percent score and DDCS mean score with the Spearman correlation coefficient. Simple linear regression examined school nurse characteristics as predictors of DDCS score. Results. A total of 271 completed surveys were received. The mean DDCS score was 3.16 ± 0.94, indicating moderate confidence with devices overall. School nurses frequently reported low confidence in items representing specific skills, including suspending insulin delivery (40%), giving a manual bolus (42%), knowing when to calibrate a continuous glucose monitor (48%), changing an insulin pump site (54%), and setting a temporary basal rate (58%). The mean DKT2 score was 89.5 ± 0.1%, which was weakly but not significantly correlated with the DDCS score (r = 0.12,

p
=
0.06

). Formal device training (

p
<
0.001

), assisting ≥5 students with diabetes devices in the past 5 years (

p
<
0.01

), and a student caseload between 1000 and 1500 students (

p
<
0.001

) were associated with higher mean DDCS score. Conclusions. DDCS score is related to prior training and experience, providing evidence for the scale’s convergent validity. The DDCS may be a useful tool for assessing school nurse readiness to use devices and identify areas to enhance knowledge and practical skills.
Relationship between eHealth, Perceived Risk, and Phobia of COVID-19 among Chinese University Students in Korea and China
Authors: Zhao Bo , Kong Fanlei , Nam Eun Woo
Published: February 2023

Objective. To examine the relationship between eHealth literacy, perceived risk, and COVID-19 phobia among Chinese university students studying in Korea (the international group) and China mainland (the mainland group). Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using an online questionnaire. With 1,107 student samples, structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to examine the relationship between eHealth, perceived risk, and COVID-19 phobia among the two groups. Results. These Chinese university students had a COVID-19-related eHealth literacy of 30.23 (SD 6.65), with scores of the mainland group higher than those of the international group. The international group students (56.47 ± 17.64) reported a higher level of COVID-19 phobia than the mainland group students (48.89 ± 17.76). The findings indicated that use frequency and information trust were higher when students possessed a higher level of COVID-19 eHealth literacy. Information trust would not have a significantly positive relationship with COVID-19 phobia, while higher levels of information use and perceived risk were positively associated with COVID-19 phobia. Conclusion. eHealth literacy, information factors, and perceived risk were associated with Chinese university students’ phobia status. There may be substantial feasibility and practicality in conducting relevant interventions that consider the university students’ psychological status and risk perception based on eHealth literacy and information factors.
Curcumin Supplementation Enhances the Feeding and Growth of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) Fed the Diet Containing 80 g/kg Fish Meal
Authors: Wang Li , Yu Anlan , Yu Cong , Ibrahim Umar Bashir , Chen Jianming , Wang Yan
Published: February 2023

Two feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary curcumin level on fish meal replacement with poultry by-product (PBM) in a largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) diet. In trial I, the reference diet (R) contained 400 g/kg fish meal, and PBM replaced 60 and 80% of the fish meal (P16 and P8). In trial II, the diet containing 80 g/kg fish meal (P8) served as control (C), and curcumin was added at 5000 and 10000 mg/kg (C5 and C10), respectively. Replacement of fish meal with PBM significantly influenced feed intake, phosphorus retention efficiency (PRE), body lipid content, the ratio of fish meal consumption to fish production (RCP), and wastes of carbon and phosphorus but did not result in significant alternation in weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), retention efficiencies of nitrogen (NRE), carbon (CRE) and energy (ERE), viscerosomatic index (VSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and body composition. The RCP, body lipid content, and phosphorus waste were higher in fish fed diet R than in fish fed diets P16 and P8. Curcumin supplementation influenced weight gain, feed intake, FCR, carbon waste, and RCP, but did not result in significant alternation in CRE, NRE, PRE, ERE, condition factor, VSI, HSI, body composition, and nitrogen and phosphorus wastes. The weight gain and feed intake were higher in fish fed diet C10 than in fish fed diet C, while the carbon waste was higher in fish fed diets C5 and C10 than in fish fed diet C. Overall, the minimum dietary fish meal level for largemouth bass could be dropped to 80 g/kg when PBM was used as an alternative ingredient, and 10000 mg/kg curcumin could obviously improve growth of fish fed diet containing 80 g/kg fish meal.
Effect of 3D Animation Combined with Teach-Back Health Education on Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in LARS Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ye Jingjing , Xu Xiaoyan , Lu Shengnian , Xu Xiaojun , Liu Hanmei , Luo Mingxian , Zhou Jiamei , Wang Lianhong , Zhang Yongmei
Published: February 2023

Aim. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of 3D animation combined with teach-back health education on the recovery of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) patients. Background. LARS is the most common problem after anus-preserving surgery in rectal cancer. Pelvic floor muscle training can promote the recovery of recto-anal function. Methods. Ninety-nine patients with LARS were randomly divided into control group, experiment group I, and experiment group II. The control group was guided by one-to-one verbal pelvic floor muscle training. The experiment group I was given self-made 3D animation along with one-to-one pelvic floor muscle guidance. The 3D animation and teach-back methods were used for training and guidance in the experiment group II. The outcome measures were scores of low anterior resection syndrome scale items, as well as the completion of training content. Results. The degree of completion of training content in the experiment group II was higher than that of the control group and experiment group I. The total score of LARSS in the experiment group II was significantly lower than in the control group and experiment group I. In particular, scores of loose stool incontinence, defecation frequency level, tenesmus, and defecation urgency in experiment group II were better than those in the control group. Conclusion. 3D animation combined with teach-back health education improved the mastery of pelvic floor muscle training theory and practice in LARS patients, and effectively reduced the symptoms. Implications for Nursing Management. This intervention promoted the recovery of pelvic floor muscle function in LARS patients and can be regarded as an effective measure to improve quality of life and provide better clinical care for patients.
A Modified Gray Wolf Optimizer‐Based Negative Selection Algorithm for Network Anomaly Detection
Authors: Yang Geying , Wang Lina , Yu Rongwei , He Junjiang , Zeng Bo , Wu Tian
Published: February 2023

Intrusion detection systems are crucial in fighting against various network attacks. By monitoring the network behavior in real time, possible attack attempts can be detected and acted upon. However, with the development of openness and flexibility of networks, artificial immunity‐based network anomaly detection methods lack continuous adaptability and hence have poor detection performance. Thus, a novel framework for network anomaly detection with adaptive regulation is built in this paper. First, a heuristic dimensionality reduction algorithm based on unsupervised clustering is proposed. This algorithm uses the correlation between features to select the best subset. Then, a hybrid partitioning strategy is introduced in the negative selection algorithm (NSA), which divides the feature space into a grid based on the sample distribution density and generates specific candidate detectors in the boundary grid to effectively mitigate the holes caused by boundary diversity. Finally, the NSA is improved by self‐set clustering and a novel gray wolf optimizer to achieve adaptive adjustment of the detector radius and position. The results show that the proposed NSA algorithm based on mixed hierarchical division and gray wolf optimization (MDGWO‐NSA) achieves a higher detection rate, lower false alarm rate, and better generation quality than other network anomaly detection algorithms.
Long-Lasting COVID-Associated Brain Fog: A Follow-Up Study
Authors: Asadi-Pooya Ali A. , Shahisavandi Mina , Nemati Hamid , Karimi Afrooz , Jafari Anahita , Nasiri Sara , Mohammadi Seyyed Saeed , Nemati Meshkat , Rahimian Zahra , Bayat Hossein
Published: February 2023

Introduction: We investigated the longevity of COVID-associated brain fog in patients who have survived the COVID-19. Methods: This was a follow-up study of 2,696 adult patients with COVID-19 from our previous study. We selected every other patient in our database. The follow-up data were collected during a phone call to the participants in January–February 2022 (11 months after the initial study): concentration difficulty and the patient’s self-declared status in their ability to concentrate. Results: In total, 1,164 people were included; 35 people (3.0%) had concentration difficulty and 65 individuals (5.6%) had a worsened status in their ability to concentrate and think; 26 people (2.2%) responded yes to both questions and were considered as having long-lasting brain fog. People with long-lasting brain fog were more often admitted to ICUs during the initial hospitalization (23.1% vs. 9.3%; p = 0.032) compared with those without long-lasting brain fog. Conclusion: We may conclude that a minority of the hospitalized patients with COVID-19 may suffer from long-lasting post-COVID brain fog, at least for more than 1 year after their initial illness. Long-lasting post-COVID brain fog has a significant association with the severity of the initial illness.
Os sonhos da antropologia
Authors: Almeida Heloisa Buarque de , Cesarino Pedro de Niemeyer
Published: February 2023

O número 65(3)-2022 da Revista de Antropologia reúne um conjunto importante de artigos dedicados ao rendimento dos sonhos para povos ameríndios, que integram o dossiê “Novas perspectivas sobre os sonhos ameríndios: uma apresentação”, organizado por Karen Shiratori, Majoí Fávero Gongora, Renato Sztutman e Roberto Romero Ribeiro Júnior (2022). Os artigos pretendem reavaliar o papel que os sonhos exercem na antropologia, tendo em vista o seu caráter secundário e frequentemente relegado à esfera da individualidade e da psicologia. Com foco nos povos indígenas das terras baixas da América do Sul, os artigos partem de etnografias detalhadas que evidenciam a relação entre sonhos e cosmopolíticas ameríndias, tendo em vista o fato de que, entre povos indígenas, a dimensão onírica não se compreende bem a partir da invenção ocidental da psique e se projeta, antes, para a exterioridade.
The Association Between Family Social Capital and Female Entrepreneurship
Authors: Raevskaya Anastasia A. , Tatarko Alexander N.
Published: February 2023

Background. Following the new line of research on Family Social Capital, this work focused on the adaptation and application of the Family Social Capital questionnaire to studying the association between Family Social Capital (FSC) and the intention of Russian females to start a business. Objective. This study investigated the relationship between three dimensions of Family Social Capital (Structural, Cognitive, and Bonding) and components of Entrepreneurial Intention (EI) operationalized via Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior among females in Russia. Design. Online survey participants (N=222) were assessed with 1) an adapted version of the FSC questionnaire (Álvarez et al., 2019); and 2) the EI questionnaire previously verified on a large Russian sample within Social Capital research (Tatarko & Schmidt, 2015). Results. The study confirmed the positive relationship of EI with two dimensions of FSC: Structural FSC (namely, the frequency of time spent with significant family members) and Bonding FSC (namely, family resources that can be activated in various life situations). Both positive relationships are mediated by Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) – one’s feeling of being capable to act upon one’s intentions. The third dimension of FSC – Cognitive FSC (namely, family cohesion and intra-family trust) – showed no association with the intention to start a business among Russian females. Conclusion. Russian women with higher levels of EI demonstrated higher investment in family time with significant family members (Structural FSC) and reported exposure to larger intra-family resources (Bonding FSC). These two factors, even though not strengthened with a supportive and trustworthy family atmosphere (Cognitive FSC), provided the sense of confidence and control, which empowered the women with the courage to take preliminary actions with the intention of starting their own businesses.
Vortex Structure of Head Bubble in Convective Cloud Starting Plume
Authors: Pinsky Mark , Eytan Eshkol , Gavze Ehud , Khain Alexander
Published: February 2023

A developing cumulus cloud (Cu) was modeled, and dynamic, thermodynamic, and microphysical properties of an ascending head bubble reproducing the upper part of a developing Cu were investigated. The data for analysis are taken from 10-m-resolution LES of trade wind Cu under BOMEX conditions. The detection of a rising bubble is carried out using wavelet filtering of the velocity fields and microphysical fields, while a low-frequency signal of the filtering is associated with the convective-scale structure of cloud. We substantiate and discuss the representation of the bubble as a vortex ring, and estimate the parameters of this vortex ring. The simplest Hill’s vortex was chosen as a model of a vortex ring inside cloud. Analytical approximations of the radial profiles of the vertical velocity and of conservative quantities (such as total water mixing ratio and liquid water potential temperature inside and outside the bubble) are obtained. The spatial structure of these quantities is investigated using analytical expressions. Analytical models for spatial distributions of liquid water content (LWC) and adiabatic fraction (AF) are also designed and analyzed. The results demonstrate the existence of a cloud core with high values of LWC and AF up to the height of 1800 m. The horizontally averaged value of the adiabatic fraction, calculated analytically using the Hill’s vortex concept, is evaluated as 0.39, which is the typical AF value in the upper parts of such Cu. The vertical profiles of different important quantities characterizing cloud structure are presented. The analysis performed in this study allows us to conclude that a rising vortex ring plays the dominating role in formation of the thermodynamic and microphysical structure of developing Cu.

Significance Statement

1) Dynamic and thermodynamic fields of a developing cumulus cloud simulated by high-resolution LES with spectral bin microphysics are separated into convective and turbulent components by means of the wavelet technique. 2) The analysis of convective component of the cloud revealed the existence of a vortex ring at the developing stage of the cloud and evaluate its parameters. 3) The analysis performed in this study allows us to conclude that a rising vortex ring plays the important role in formation of the thermodynamic and microphysical structure of developing Cu. 4) The study provides a novel insight into the cloud–environment interaction. 5) The approximating equations describing the vortex ring can be usefully applied for developing new schemes of convective parameterization.
Relationship between the East Asian Summer and Winter Monsoons at Obliquity Time Scales
Authors: Yan Mi , Liu Zhengyu , Han Jing , Zeng Cheng , Ning Liang , Liu Jian
Published: February 2023

The relationship between the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) across time scales has been an interesting topic for decades. In this study, we quantitatively investigate the EASM–EAWM relationship at the obliquity time scales using a set of accelerated transient simulations. By comparing different indices defined with different variables, we find that the EASM and EAWM intensities are positively correlated under obliquity forcing. High obliquity leads to warmer summertime and cooler wintertime surface temperatures, with a stronger response observed over land than over the oceans. The warmer summertime and cooler wintertime temperature responses are accompanied by a strengthened Asian low in summer and Siberian high in winter, with enhanced southerlies in summer and northerlies in winter, indicating an enhanced EASM and EAWM. Modulated by ice sheet forcing, however, the evolution of the simulated EAWM shifts toward the ice sheet maximum, such that the circulation-based EASM–EAWM relationship in the realistically forced simulation exhibits a phase shift of approximately 11 kyr, closer to the phase between the composite δ18O and loess grain size in observations. Our results may have implications for better understanding the distinct changes in the proxy-based EASM–EAWM relationship before and after the rapid growth of global ice volume at around 3 Ma.

Significance Statement

Studying the relationship between the EASM and EAWM can help us understand the characteristics and mechanisms of the regional climate in response to external forcings at different time scales. By investigating the EASM–EAWM relationship over the past 300 000 years, we find that, forced by obliquity variations, the EASM and EAWM are positively correlated at the obliquity time scales. The ice sheet forcing, meanwhile, also influences the circulation over East Asia and modulates the evolutionary phases between the EASM and EAWM. Our results highlight the importance of the combined impacts of orbital parameters and ice sheets on past climate changes over Asia.
Energy and Momentum of a Density-Driven Overflow in the Samoan Passage
Authors: Voet Gunnar , Alford Matthew H. , Cusack Jesse M. , Pratt Larry J. , Girton James B. , Carter Glenn S. , Klymak Jody M. , Tan Shuwen , Thurnherr Andreas M.
Published: February 2023

The energy and momentum balance of an abyssal overflow across a major sill in the Samoan Passage is estimated from two highly resolved towed sections, set 16 months apart, and results from a two-dimensional numerical simulation. Driven by the density anomaly across the sill, the flow is relatively steady. The system gains energy from divergence of horizontal pressure work
and flux of available potential energy
. Approximately half of these gains are transferred into kinetic energy while the other half is lost to turbulent dissipation, bottom drag, and divergence in vertical pressure work. Small-scale internal waves emanating downstream of the sill within the overflow layer radiate
upward but dissipate most of their energy within the dense overflow layer and at its upper interface. The strongly sheared and highly stratified upper interface acts as a critical layer inhibiting any appreciable upward radiation of energy via topographically generated lee waves. Form drag of
, estimated from the pressure drop across the sill, is consistent with energy lost to dissipation and internal wave fluxes. The topographic drag removes momentum from the mean flow, slowing it down and feeding a countercurrent aloft. The processes discussed in this study combine to convert about one-third of the energy released from the cross-sill density difference into turbulent mixing within the overflow and at its upper interface. The observed and modeled vertical momentum flux divergence sustains gradients in shear and stratification, thereby maintaining an efficient route for abyssal water mass transformation downstream of this Samoan Passage sill.
Observed and Simulated Characteristics of Down-Valley Flow within Stratiform Precipitation over the Olympic Peninsula
Authors: Conrick Robert , Boomgard-Zagrodnik Joseph P. , McMurdie Lynn A.
Published: February 2023

Midlatitude cyclones approaching coastal mountain ranges experience flow modifications on a variety of scales including orographic lift, blocking, mountain waves, and valley flows. During the 2015/16 Olympic Mountain Experiment (OLYMPEX), a pair of scanning ground radars observed precipitating clouds as they were modified by these orographically induced flows. The DOW radar, positioned to scan up the windward Quinault Valley, conducted RHI scans during 285 h of precipitation, 80% of which contained reversed, down-valley flow at lower levels. The existence of down-valley flow in the Quinault Valley was found to be well correlated with upstream flow blocking and the large-scale sea level pressure gradient orientated down the valley. Deep down-valley flow occurred in environments with high moist static stability and southerly winds, conditions that are common in prefrontal sectors of midlatitude cyclones in the coastal Pacific Northwest. Finally, a case study of prolonged down-valley flow in a prefrontal storm sector was simulated to investigate whether latent heat absorption (cooling) contributed to the event. Three experiments were conducted: a Control simulation and two simulations where the temperature tendencies from melting and evaporation were separately turned off. Results indicated that evaporative cooling had a stronger impact on the event’s down-valley flow than melting, likely because evaporation occurred within the low-level down-valley flow layer. Through these experiments, we show that evaporation helped prolong down-valley flow for several hours past the time of the event’s warm frontal passage.

Significance Statement

This paper analyzes the characteristics of down-valley flow over the windward Quinault Valley on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington State using data from OLYMPEX, with an emphasis on regional pressure differences and blocking metrics. Results demonstrate that the location of precipitation over the Olympic Peninsula is shifted upstream during events with deep down-valley flow, consistent with blocked upstream airflow. A case study of down-valley flow highlights the role of evaporative cooling to prolong the flow reversal.