bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Transformation in Civil Service Management: Implementing the SmartASN Platform
Authors: Yuniarti Shintia , Hadmar Ahmad Muhardin , Zaenuri Muchamad , Mutiarin Dyah
Published: December 2024

Digital transformation is a critical need for modern governments to address the growing demands for fast, transparent, and efficient public services. This study examines the implementation of the SmartASN platform in driving the digital transformation of State Civil Apparatus (ASN) management. Employing a qualitative research approach with a narrative review methodology, the study systematically reviews and synthesizes secondary data collected from 2016 to 2022 on the digital transformation of ASN management. The Agile Governance theory guides the analysis. It focuses on three key aspects: 1) SmartASN Platform Governance, 2) Systematic and Adaptive Approaches in ASN Management, and 3) ASN Management in the Digital Age. The findings demonstrate that the SmartASN platform is instrumental in advancing ASN’s digital transformation, supporting Indonesia’s broader goals of creating a world-class bureaucracy. This is evidenced by Indonesia’s significant improvement in the E-Government Development Index (EGDI), which rose from 116 in 2016 to 77 in 2022. The study contributes to the academic understanding of digital governance by providing actionable recommendations to optimize the SmartASN platform and develop policies that support agile digital transformation. These insights highlight the potential of digital platforms in fostering innovation and enhancing adaptability in the public sector.
Online Tools for Exercises in Digital Remote Education in Elementary School
Authors: Bernhardt Renáta , Szaszkó Rita
Published: December 2024

Digital remote education (2020–2021) presented unprecedented challenges worldwide for both teachers and students at all levels in educational processes. Hungarian elementary school teachers typically autonomously explored online methodologies and techniques as platforms to meet the criteria of effective digital remote education. The aim and the main scope of our online questionnaire study was to gain insights into the efficiency of various digital platforms and opportunities that the participating teachers (N=71 teaching 1–6 grades explored and experimented with. The research question aimed to elicit how the respondent elementary school teachers were able to apply various digital tools to support their pedagogical practices during the following phases of instruction: lead-in, presentation and/or elicitation, controlled and free practice, revision, and evaluation and assessment.
Sport auf Deutsch in der Grundschule? Ist das möglich?
Authors: Sebestyénné Kereszthidi Ágnes
Published: December 2024

In dem Beitrag wird über persönliche Beobachtungen in deutschsprachigen Sportstunden in der Grundschule berichtet. Diese Untersuchung ist Teil einer größeren Forschung, die zum Ziel hatte, den zweisprachigen Unterricht in der Primarstufe zu analysieren. Im Interesse des erfolgreichen Fremdsprachenunterrichts in der Grundschule ist es wichtig zu wissen, was im Klassenzimmer wirklich vor sich geht. Die Ergebnisse können für alle Fachleute interessant sein, die Möglichkeiten suchen, die die fremdsprachliche Kompetenz der Grundschulkinder ohne zusätzliche Stunden entwickeln.
ADHD : Mit tanít nekünk? Hogyan hat szociális viselkedésünkre?
Authors: Cseriné Demeter Bernadett
Published: December 2024

A gyermek iránti szeretet nélkül, a kölcsönös tisztelet nélkül, illetve az elfogadó, befogadó szemlélet, azaz az inkluzív attitűd nélkül a tanítás is, a nevelés is inkább elvárás és kínlódás. Tanulás és tanítás – e kettő, véleményem szerint egymástól elválaszthatatlan, és ez a szemlélet az ember permanens fejlődésének nélkülözhetetlen részét képezi. Jelen tanulmányban arra kívánok rávilágítani, hogy egy ADHD-val érintett, atipikus gyermek és egy felnőtt kapcsolatában maga az ADHD jelenléte milyen társas készségeket, szociális kompetenciákat igényel, fejleszt, hogyan lehet általa tanulni és tanítani. Továbbá egy társadalmi célú részvételi akciókutatásra hívom fel a figyelmet, amely során oktatási célú innovatív módszereket, lehetőségeket kutatunk, alkalmazunk, elemzünk, és az eredményt később publikáljuk.
Az iskolai szorongás
Authors: Kovács-Bogya Tünde
Published: December 2024

Jelen tanulmány bővebb ismertetője a 2023. november 21-én tartott Sokszínű pedagógia címmel tartott online konferencián elhangzott előadásnak. A szorongás az élet része, átszövi életünket. Ezzel a jelenséggel szülőként, pedagógusként egyaránt találkozunk mindennapi helyzetekben, illetve iskolai környezetben. A tanulmányban röviden ismertetésre kerül a szorongás fogalma,különböző típusai és megjelenési formái. Fontosnak tartom az okok és a tünetek bemutatását, kitérek a szorongás és a teljesítmény egymásra gyakorolt hatására is. A teljesítmény- és az iskolai szorongás, melyek nem önálló pszichiátriai kategóriák, továbbá a szorongás kezelésének, illetve a pedagógusnak a lehetséges eszközei is kifejtésre kerülnek a teljesség igénye nélkül.
Az adatok „szép új világa”
Authors: Koltay Tibor
Published: December 2024

Az „adatvezérelt világ” kifejezés ma már nem egy utópiát takar, hanem egyre gyakrabban az üzleti élet, a média és a tudományos kutatás számos területének valósága. Oktatása nemcsak a kutatókra és az egyetemi hallgatókra terjed ki, hanem igény van arra is, hogy a közoktatásban tanuló diákok elsajátíthassák azokat a készségeket, képességeket és jártasságokat, amelyek szükségesek az adatokkal való munkához. Ezentúl a különféle adatok kezeléséhez szükséges szemlélet és kompetenciák egyre inkább az állampolgári és az információs műveltség részéve válnak. Ez azt is megköveteli, hogy az információs műveltség mellé felzárkózzon az adatműveltség, továbbá számos, más kompetencia is szerepet kapjon.
Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dalam Mengembangkan Potensi Wisata Berbasis Kearifan
Authors: Wangi Maya Sekar
Published: December 2024

Pemberdayaan perempuan dalam masa pandemi covid 19 saat ini dihadapkan pada tantangan agar dapat bertahankeberadaannya dan dapat menyesuaikan dengan tuntutan masyarakat. Desa Puntuk Rejo Kecamatan NgargoyosoKabupaten Karanganyar ini diberkahi sumber daya alam yang melimpah diantaranya banyak mata air yangmelimpah ruah, tanah yang subur dan pemandangan view kaki gunung lawu yang selalu tampak menarik dilihat dariberbagai sudut pandang diberbagai wilayah desa mempunyai potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai tempat wisata,dan disinilah para ibu-ibu yang tergabung dalam kelompok PKK dapat berpartisipasi mengembangkan kemampuandengan memanfaatkan sumber daya alam berbasis kearifan local yang ada disekitarnya. Tujuan pengabdian kepadamasyarakat adalah peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap melalui metode ceramah pemberdayaan dan daya cipta dankreasi masyarakat sehingga berbagai jenis wisata dapat berkembang secara variatif dan terus berkelanjutan.Keywords: Pemberdayaan; potensi wisata; kearifan lokal.
Traditional Herbal Medicine in the Central African Republic : Ethnobotanical Survey And Prognosis of Children Hospitalized at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire
Authors:   Complexe Hospitalier universitaire pédiatrique de Bangui, République Centrafricaine, Brice Olivier Bogning Mejiozem , Lydie Verlaine Danebera , Pistolesi Filippo ,   Médecins avec l'Afrique CUAMM International NGO, via San Francesco Padova, Italie, Houndjahoue Ghislain Franck , Guénefio Aymard Tresor , Kiteze Nguinzanemou Carine Judith , Koyangboi Kombaya Rostand Juste , Gaspiet Sonny Iris Vanessa , Jean Chrysostome Gody ,   Complexe Hospitalier universitaire pédiatrique de Bangui, République Centrafricaine, Baloukou Sebrige Pungui ,   Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bangui. Bangui, République Centrafricaine
Published: December 2024

Context : Medicinal plants are a precious heritage for mankind, and more particularly for the majority of poor communities
in developing countries who depend on them for their primary health care and subsistence.
Objective : To carry out a hospital-based ethnobotanical survey among parents of children having benefited from traditional
phytotherapy prior to admission to the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHUPB) in order to identify the prevalence, the
nature of the product used, the proportion of prescriptions of plants presumed to be toxic, while assessing the effects on the
children.
Materials And Methods : Cross-sectional study conducted at CHUPB over a 2-month period (March 1 to April 30, 2021).
All children aged between 1 month and 15 years, admitted to intensive care regardless of diagnosis, with notion of exclusive
traditional phytotherapy at home prior to therapeutic admission, were included. Data were analyzed using Epi-info software.
Results : Hospital frequency was 1.85% (n=50/2702) and mean age 2.2 years. The sex ratio was 1.38 and 62% of children
lived in urban areas. Most parents were out of school (64%) and 80% lived in poor socio-economic conditions. The symptoms
that prompted phytotherapy were anal pruritus (58%) and skin pallor (18%). The average duration of phytotherapy
was 68.4 hours. It was administered by the parents in 86% of cases. The main route of administration was intra-rectal
(36%). The plants used were harvested in the forest in 42% of cases. The main plants used were: Chromolaena odorata
"BARABOKASSA" (22%) - Vernonia amygdalina "HONCKA" (14%) - Solanum lycopersicum "TOMATE" (12%) - Ocimum
gratissimum "MATETE" (6%) - Jatropha curcas "KADA MONO" (4%) - Cassia siamea o Senna siamea "CASSIA" (2%) and
Dioscorea bulbifera "KERERE" (2%). Organ failure was neurological in (62%), hepatic (48%), hematological (38%) and
renal (16%) cases. Mortality rate was 26.0%.
Conclusion: Phytotherapy is frequently used in Bangui. The medicinal plants used must, like "conventional medicines",
obey strict rules of cultivation, control and dispensing.
Composition of a Mixture for Breaking and Washing off, Oil Deposits (arpd). Stimulation of Residual Oil Inflow Using Process Fluids
Authors: N Mamulaishvili , Partskhaladze G Batumi , G Chavleshvili , O Janelidze ,   Petroleum and oil Department, Russia
Published: December 2024

In order to increase the efficiency of residual oil production, which is characterized by an increased content of asphaltenes, paraffins and resins, the role of using chemical methods to remove asphaltene-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPD)
from oilfield equipment, wells and bottom hole formation zone.
The article discusses the conditions for the formation of deposits of paraffin deposits in equipment, during oil production
(tubing) and also during the storage of transit oil in stationary tanks. An extractive method is proposed, which ensures
the removal of deposits of paraffin deposits with the participation of composite washing liquid.
In order to search for effective and cheap hydrocarbon raw materials, we chose secondary, regenerated petroleum oils
from among the renewable resources of oil refining. The proposed process fluid was prepared on the basis of low-viscosity, used, and then purified petroleum oil with the addition of an organic solvent, a mixture of different classes of surfactants and a dispersant. The composition of the composition mixture of the washing liquid was chosen according to its
functional purpose. The process of ASPO dissolution was controlled by the gravimetric method and by the refractometry
method. The experiments were carried out in the conditions of the educational laboratory of the university together with
the laboratory of the Batumi oil terminal.
As a result of the tests, it was found that the tested process fluid reduces the viscosity of deposits and the interfacial tension between the walls of the pipeline and and ARPD. and leads to an increase in the movement of fluid in the pipeline
(tubing). It has been established that the process of washing off deposits depends on the composition of the ARPD, on
the composition of the washing liquid composite, on the dosage of the solvent, on the contact time and temperature. The
optimal mode and prescription composition of the washing liquid has been selected. The effectiveness of washing off the
studied liquid in comparison with other means is shown, while it should be noted that this liquid has a simple component
composition and is much cheaper than other means
Assessment of Water Quality for Sustainability and Health Management in Parts of Aguata, Anambra State, Southeastern Nigeria, Using Physiochemical Analysis
Authors:   Department of Geology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria, Ifesinachi Onyenweife Geraldine , Ifeanyi Omezi ,   Department of Geology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria, Ugochukwu George Nnnaemena ,   Department of Geology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria
Published: December 2024

The chemical analysis carried out on the water samples show varying chemical concentrations across the study area. Bicarbonate
has value range of 9 – 35 mg/l across the study area with its WHO permissible limit (006) being 300 mg/l, Sulfate has a value range
of 1 – 7 mg/l with its WHO standard (2006) for drinking water quality being 250 mg/l, nitrite has a value range of 0.01 to 0.07
mg/l with its WHO standard being 10 mg/l, nitrate has a value range of 1.5 mg/l – 12 mg/l with its WHO standard (2006) being
45 mg/l. Magnesium has a value range of 4 to 22 mg/l with the WHO standard (2006) being 30 mg/l. Calcium has a value range
of 6 – 19 mg/l with its WHO standard (2006) being 75 mg/l. Manganese are Iron are heavy metals which may be sourced from
industrial, mine, landfills, etc. The Iron content across the study area ranges from 0.01mg/l to 0.04 mg/l against the WHO (2006)
permissible limit of 0.3. The Manganese content across the study area ranges from 0.01 to 0.04mg/l as well which falls below the
0.5 mg/l WHO standard (2006). the piper plot of the study area revealed that the water samples fall within the bicarbonate type in
the anion triangle while the cation triangle has Magnesium as the dominant type showing magnesium-calcium-bicarbonate water
type. The traces of magnesium-calcium-bicarbonate is also proven in scholar diagram. The stiff plot resulted that bicarbonate
concentration is most dominant in all seven locations with Achina having a concentration greater than 0.5Meq/L. From pH level
result, the study area resulted below 7, with the lowest being 5.4 at Isuofia and the highest being 6.4 at Achina, which revealed pH
level of an acidic water type.
Environmental awareness in machines: a case study of automated debris removal using Generative Artificial Intelligence and Vision Language Models
Authors: Chan Jolly P C , Ho Heiton M H , Wong T K , Ho Lawrence Y L , Cheung Jackie , Tai Samson
Published: December 2024

Water channels play a crucial role in stormwater management, but the build-up of debris in their grilles can lead to flooding, endangering humans and animals, properties, and critical infrastructure nearby. While automated mechanical grab systems are necessary for efficient debris removal, their deployment in outdoor environments has been non-existent due to safety concerns. Here we report the successful use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) and a Vision Language Model (VLM) to endow an automated mechanical grab with “awareness”, which allows it to differentiate between non-living and living objects, deciding whether to initiate or abort grabbing actions. The existing approaches such as YOLOv7 only achieve a sensitivity of 86.94% (95% CI: 83.44% to 89.93%) in detecting humans and specified animals. They systematically miss crouching workers and animals facing away from the cameras. Grounding DINO (VLM) can achieve a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 99.17% to 100.00%) and a specificity of 85.37% (95% CI: 77.86% to 91.09%). Together with BLIP-2 (GenAI), it acquires “awareness”, allowing it to detect animals beyond those specified. This opens up possibilities for the application of GenAI/VLM in automation sectors where human-machine mingling occurs, such as manufacturing, logistics, and construction. This innovation can potentially improve the safety and efficiency in these domains.
DETAILED ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR INVESTIGATION AND DETERMINATION OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG PALIPERIDONE ON A GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE
Authors: Kaya Sariye İrem , Ozkan Ece , Karadas Bakirhan Nurgul , Özkan Sibel A.
Published: December 2024

Objective: A sensitive and cost-effective electrochemical method was developed on a bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the determination of paliperidone (PAL), an antipsychotic drug used in the primary schizophrenia treatment affecting the whole world.
Material and Method: The oxidation studies carried out in pH 8 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) by cyclic voltammetry (CV) showed that the oxidation reaction of PAL is a process including the same number of electrons and protons. The electrochemical detection of PAL was carried out by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
Result and Discussion: The linearity range was between 1 µM and 100 µM. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) values were calculated as 2.41x10-7 M and 8.033x10-7 M, respectively. The applicability of the developed method was confirmed by using it on synthetic human serum. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values were less than 2%. The selectivity of the analysis was demonstrated over against interfering substances such as ascorbic acid, KNO3, MgCl2, paracetamol, dopamine, Na2SO4, and uric acid with recovery% and RSD% values in the range 98.32%-101.56% and 0.15%-1.99%, respectively. The proposed method provided high sensitivity for PAL and is the first reported method for the electroanalysis of PAL.
Analisis Pengelolaan Dana Non-Halal Bank Syariah Indonesia
Authors: Syam Andi Hunafah Balqis , Widyananto Arief
Published: December 2024

Islamic banks are financial institutions that operate according to sharia, the existence of non-halal funds in Islamic banks is something that is still not widely known by the public which then creates misperceptions that Islamic banks accept non-halal funds as being considered the same as conventional banks. This research aims to provide literacy to readers that the management of funds from non-halal activities received at Indonesian Sharia Banks is not the same as conventional banks by carrying out a descriptive qualitative approach, namely conducting interviews with sources regarding non-halal funds at Islamic Banks. From the results of the analysis that has been carried out by the author, Bank Syariah Indonesia receives non-halal funds from activities carried out with fellow partners such as bonds or contract defects due to the customer's negligence in maintaining the trust that has been given by Bank Syariah Indonesia. The non-halal funds obtained are then separated from operational income funds because this income is not allowed to be considered as income in accordance with the DSN MUI fatwa. Funds which are then not considered as Bank Syariah Indonesia income funds will be channeled back to the community for public purposes such as public facilities referring to the enacted laws and Islamic law.
Tensions and Flows: The Life and Work of Judith Silberpfennig Kestenberg
Authors: Kormos Janka
Published: December 2024

This study is a historical and theoretical analysis of the work of Judith S. Kestenberg (1910–99), which focuses in particular on her developmental movement studies. As a Polish-Jewish émigré arriving in New York Psychoanalytic circles at the outbreak of the Second World War, her story is one of a female inside/outsider. Kestenberg was a nonconformist, innovative and eclectic thinker, who gravitated towards the unknown and unspoken; her work focused on the depth psychology of bodily movement and the transgenerational trauma of the Holocaust. These two seemingly dissimilar subjects were selectively received by psychoanalysis at the time. Lacking a comprehensive study of Kestenberg's oeuvre as a whole, this article sets out to accomplish an integration of the two. It identifies various reciprocities between her personal and professional history and traces epistemological continuities throughout her professional career. It also explores her personal experience of displacement, belonging and community, as they become visible from her biography. Examining her professional career, issues of transdisciplinarity and changes in theorizing and methodology in post-war American psychoanalysis also come into view.
Inheritance of property copyrights: problems of legal regulation
Authors: Tarasenko Leonid
Published: December 2024

The article considers certain problematic aspects of the inheritance of property copyrights. It was established that the legislation on notary is not coordinated with the legislation on copyright in terms of the inheritance of property copyrights. It has been proven that notaries must have the professional courage to apply the presumption of authorship registering hereditary rights to works. It is proposed to supplement the legislation on notary and copyright with provisions that in the event of registration of an inheritance, which includes property copyrights to a work, the notary can apply the presumption of authorship to issue a certificate of the right to inherit property copyrights. It has been proven that the provisions of Art. 32 of the Law of Ukraine «On Copyright and Related Rights» must be applied by notaries as norms of direct effect. These statutory provisions do not provide for any «conditions» or «preconditions» for the inheritance of proprietary copyrights, in particular, such as "copyright registration". It is substantiated that the law does not make the inheritance of property copyrights dependent on the presence or absence of a certificate of copyright registration, and the lack of copyright registration by the testator should not be an obstacle to the issuance of a certificate of the right to inheritance. It is established that property copyrights, which are the object of inheritance, must be valid at the time of the opening of the inheritance. The need to adopt legislative changes regarding the «unity» of property copyrights that are part of the inheritance is substantiated, providing for the possibility of issuing a certificate of the right to inheritance to each heir to property copyrights for a complete work. It has been proven that in disputes about the recognition of property copyrights in the order of inheritance, the proper defendants should be other heirs who accepted the inheritance, or the local self-government body, if there are no other heirs who accepted the inheritance or there are no other heirs. It is also possible to challenge the notary's actions in court (regarding the refusal to issue a certificate of the right to inheritance, which includes property copyright).
The impact of the international treaties on the development of the Ukrainian legislation in the sphere of copyright and related rights
Authors: Trotska Valentyna
Published: December 2024

The article examines the features of the international treaties unification in the modern system of the legal protection of copyright and related rights. The author also examines the reasons for the growing interest in the international treaty norms in the world.The specificity of copyright and related rights legislation is that its norms are limited by the territorial scope. This necessitates the legislative regulation of relations related to the cross-border distribution of works and other objects, and thus ensuring uniform the legal protection and the effective enforcement of rights at the international and national levels.The article notes that the international treaties unification is achieved by establishing uniform norms in the legislation of different countries using the norms of the international treaties. The author identifies the advantages of the international contractual unificationand also points out its disadvantages. The article examines trends in international law towards it's the regionalization on the example of EU legislation. The author describes the harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with EU legislation and substantiates it's theimpact on the development of the national legislation.The author makes a legal analysis of the Ukrainian legislation on copyright and related rights and notes the progressive changes which the Law has undergone in recent years, taking into account the norms of the international and European legislation. At the sametime, the further improvement of Ukrainian legislation in the sphere of copyright and related rights continues, including in the direction of systematization, unification, and harmonization of legislation.The article examines the importance and impact of the international, including the regional, unification on the development of the national legislation.The author proves that the unification of international treaties impacts the development of national legislation. This influence is evident in the need to create a unified legal international and regional space, which includes Ukraine. The aim is to establish common approaches to regulating relations in the sphere of copyright and related rights. It is noted that the unified legal regulation of relations allows ensuring the stability and the efficiency of the legislation.
Preventing technology leaks through the patent office in South Korea: lessons for Ukraine
Authors: Androshchuk Gennadiy
Published: December 2024

The article provides an economic and legal analysis of measures to ensure economic security and prevent leaks of technological secrets used by the Government of South Korea and the Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO). On October 17, 2024, KIPO presentedand approved «Measures to Combat Technology Leakage to Strengthen Global Industrial Competitiveness.» These measures are expected to strengthen the safety net for advanced technologies that are critical to the survival of domestic companies and economic security. They were formulated to address the potential national damage caused by the increasing leakage of advanced technologies in industries such as semiconductor manufacturing andsecondary batteries. The plan aims to create a national technology protection system to prevent technology theft that hinders the growth of SMEs and venture capital companies, thereby increasing global industrial competitiveness and contributing to a dynamic economy. The leading role in the creation of a national technology protection system in South Korea belongs to KIPO. For this purpose, KIPO has made changes to current procedural and patent legislation and the Law on the Prevention of Unfair Competition and the Protection of Commercial Secrets. It plans to introduce a preventive system to prevent technology leakage using patent analysis of big data and technical expert research. KIPO is improving digital response systems and introducing an idea certification system. It is alsostrengthening cooperation with counterintelligence agencies. The guidelines for punishments for crimes in the technological sphere related to the violation of IP rights and technologies have been revised. Revised guidelines entered into force in July 2024 to implementstricter standards for trade secret misappropriation and theft of industrial technology, set separate sentencing standards for crimes related to «industrial technology» and «national basic technology», provide stricter penalties for violations, especially those occurring abroad. The state of leakage of technologies in Ukraine is analyzed, mechanisms of their countermeasures are proposed.
COMMUNICATION EFFECTIVENESS MODEL FOR VACCINATION PARTICIPATION IN SEMARANG CITY
Authors: Pertiwi Putri Arfika , Budiono Taruna , Triyomo Agus
Published: December 2024

The vaccination program is an important effort to combat the pandemic, starting from the initial doses of vaccines to booster shots. However, the program has not yet achieved its intended target. In August, the booster vaccination coverage in Semarang City was only 53%, falling short of the desired 80% (KompasTV, 2022). Therefore, there is a pressing need for persuasive measures to enhance knowledge, awareness, and decision-making regarding vaccination. This study aims to identify an effective model of vaccine persuasion for public communication in Semarang City. It is an exploratory study that applies the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) theory and the diffusion of innovations, involving a sample of 100 respondents. The collected data was analyzed using PLS 3.0. The results reveal that persuasion using different lines of thought (central route and peripheral route) leads to distinct stages of innovation diffusion. Both new media and traditional media are considered suitable platforms for vaccine persuasion, provided they incorporate key elements such as high-quality information, credible sources, accessibility, well-structured messages, and interactivity.
Cut-soiler-constructed residue-filled preferential shallow sub-surface drainage improves the performance of mustard-pearl millet cropping system in saline soils of semi-arid regions
Authors: Neha  , Yadav Gajender , Yadav Rajender Kumar , Kumar Ashwani , Rai Arvind Kumar , Prasad Govind , Kumar Satyendra , Narjary Bhaskar , Onishi Junya , Omori Keisuke , Chaudhari Suresh Kumar
Published: December 2024

Agricultural productivity in semi-arid regions is constrained by soil and groundwater salinity. This study quantified the desalinization potential of cut-soiler-constructed preferential shallow sub-surface drainage (PSSD) and its impact on crop performance in saline agroecologies. The study was conducted at the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India, from 2019-2021. The rice residue-filled PSSD was simulated manually (60 cm depth) in a split-split plot experiment with saline and normal soil under saline water irrigation (4, 8, and 12 dS m-1). Cut-soiler PSSD were constructed in the middle of the lysimeter using rice residue (equivalent to 6 Mg ha-1) as the filling material with an outlet to quantify salt and water outflow. Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum L. (R. Br)], variety HHB-197, and mustard (Brassica juncea L.), variety CS-58, were grown in the rainy (Kharif) and winter (Rabi) seasons, respectively. The soil salinity profile decreased by 23.3%-58.5% with cut-soiler PSSD in different soils. The decrease in salinity was associated with increased plant height, dry matter accumulation (DMA), net assimilation rate (NAR), crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area (LA), and leaf area Index (LAI) in both crops. The pearl millet and mustard yield increases in the two soil types were 11.6%-43.3% and 26%-36%, respectively using saline water up to 12 dS m-1. This study concludes that cut-soiler PSSD can effectively mitigate salinity stress and utilize saline water at the farm scale in salt-affected semi-arid agro-eco-regions.
Current study of pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutics of chronic atrophic gastritis: a comprehensive review
Authors: Kuang Weihong , Xu Jialin , Xu Fenting , Huang Weizhen , Majid Muhammad , Shi Hui , Yuan Xia , Ruan Yongdui , Hu Xianjing
Published: December 2024

Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a prevalent digestive system disease characterized by atrophy of the gastric mucosa and the disappearance of inherent gastric glands. According to the theory of Correa’s cascade, CAG is an important pathological stage in the transformation from normal condition to gastric carcinoma. In recent years, the global incidence of CAG has been increasing due to pathogenic factors, including Helicobacter pylori infection, bile reflux, and the consumption of processed meats. In this review, we comprehensively described the etiology and clinical diagnosis of CAG. We focused on elucidating the regulatory mechanisms and promising therapeutic targets in CAG, with the expectation of providing insights and theoretical support for future research on CAG.
Overexpression of KPC contributes to ceftazidime-avibactam heteroresistance in clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Li Yitan , Chen Xiandi , Guo Yingyi , Lin Yingzhuo , Wang Xiaohu , He Guohua , Wang Mingzhen , Xu Jianbo , Song Mingdong , Tan Xixi , Zhuo Chao , Lin Zhiwei
Published: December 2024

Ceftazidime–avibactam (CZA) is one of the effective antibiotics used for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections, but its resistance rate has increased recently. Previous studies have focused on the mechanisms of CZA resistance, while its heteroresistance in CRKP remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of CZA heteroresistance in CRKP isolates. A total of 311 CRKP clinical strains were collected in China from 2020 to 2022. The MICs of CZA and other antibiotics against K. pneumoniae were determined by broth microdilution method. The occurrence of CZA heteroresistance in CRKP was evaluated with population analysis profiling (PAP) and their characteristics were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The underlying mechanism of CZA heteroresistance in CRKP strains was investigated by molecular sequencing, whole genome sequencing (WGS), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and in vitro functional experiments. Strategies for preventing the emergence of CZA heteroresistance and alternative treatment options for strains exhibiting CZA heteroresistance were further explored. Thirty-four (12.4%) CZA-susceptible CRKP isolates were found to exhibit heteroresistance to CZA. All heteroresistant strains belonged to KPC-2 (97.1%) or KPC-3 (2.9%). The dominant multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was ST11 (64.7%) and the prevalent capsular serotypes were KL47 (38.2%) and KL64 (32.4%). Imipenem-relebactam and meropenem-vaborbactam still exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against the resistant subpopulations of CZA heteroresistant strains. No significant mutations were found in KPC, OmpK35/36, PBP2/3, and LamB in resistant subpopulations. The relative expression and copy number of blaKPC were significantly upregulated in 47.1% and 35.3% of the resistant subpopulations compared with their parental strains, respectively. Silencing blaKPC expression significantly decreased the CZA MIC in resistant subpopulations with high blaKPC expression and hindered the emergence of CZA heteroresistance in their parental strains. Moreover, increasing the avibactam concentration to 8 or 16 mg/L or combining CZA with 0.5 × MIC tigecycline significantly suppressed the formation of CZA heteroresistance (P<0.05). In conclusion, we identified the occurrence of CZA heteroresistance in CRKP in China, which was attributed to the overexpression of KPC. Increasing the concentration of avibactam or combining CZA with tigecycline could effectively prevent the development of CZA heteroresistance in CRKP isolates. Besides, imipenem-relebactam and meropenem-vaborbactam may serve as alternative therapeutic options when clinical isolates with CZA heteroresistance are detected.
CodeGuard: enhancing accuracy in detecting clones within java source code
Authors: Glani Yasir , Ping Luo
Published: December 2024

Detecting code clones remains challenging, particularly for Type-II clones, with modified identifiers, and Type-III ST and MT clones, where up to 30% and 50% of code, respectively, are added or removed from the original clone code. To address this, we introduce CodeGuard, an innovative technique that employs comprehensive level-by-level abstraction for Type-II clones and a flexible signature matching algorithm for Type-III clone categories. This method requires at least 50% similarity within two corresponding chunks within the same file, ensuring accurate clone identification. Unlike recently proposed methods limited to clone detection, CodeGuard precisely pinpoints changes within clone files, facilitating effective debugging and thorough code analysis. It is validated through comprehensive evaluations using reputable datasets, CodeGuard demonstrates superior precision, high recall, robust F1 scores, and outstanding accuracy. This innovative methodology not only sets new performance standards in clone detection but also emphasizes the role CodeGuard's can play in modern software development, paving the way for advancements in code quality and maintenance.
Lessons on developing animated modules to introduce the sustainable development goals in undergraduate global health pedagogy
Authors: Ezezika Obidimma , Fatima Kishif , Jarrah Mona , Yogalingam Umayangga , McKee Mark , Sicchia Suzanne
Published: December 2024

Storyline animations can be used as immersive academic tools to engage students’ learning experiences. Based on Kolb’s experiential learning theoretical framework, we produced and pilot-tested a new storyline animation encompassing the Sustainable Development Goals for undergraduate students in a health studies course and utilized student survey responses to gather their feedback. In this paper, we outline the design, implementation, and feedback from students, culminating in five key lessons. First, simplicity should be the goal. Second, segments should be short and accessible. Third, interposed questions, discussion forums, and varying storyline routes improve interactivity. Fourth, relatability, positionality, and empathy enhance learning and immersion. Fifth, supplementary materials can improve learning. Based on these findings, we offer recommendations across the five lessons to help educators overcome challenges and facilitate the implementation of similar pedagogical opportunities in their curricula.
Single-cell profiling uncovers synovial fibroblast subpopulations associated with chondrocyte injury in osteoarthritis
Authors: Liu Zezhong , Sun Yongqi , Pan Jiaoyi , Guo Kechun , Tang Zhi , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: December 2024

Background

Chondrocytes and synovial cells participate in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Nonetheless, the interactions and correlations between OA synovial cells and chondrocytes remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the interactions and correlations between OA synovial cells and chondrocytes, so as to deepen understanding of OA pathogenesis.

Methods

Single-cell sequencing analysis was employed to analyze clusters of synovial and chondrocyte cells within the OA dataset. Through cell interaction analysis, the potential interactions between these two cell types were further explored. Differential gene expression analysis was used to examine the differences among synovial-related cell clusters.

Results

The study identified specific characteristics of synovial fibroblasts through single-cell sequencing analysis. Subsequent cell interaction analysis revealed interactions and correlations between synovial fibroblast clusters and cell clusters in both damaged and non-damaged cartilages. CILP+ fibroblasts showed significant interactions with non-damaged chondrocytes, while POSTN+ fibroblasts exhibited significant interactions with damaged chondrocytes. Furthermore, differential gene expression analysis revealed that genes such as PRELP, CLU, COMP, TNFRSF12A, INHBA, CILP, and SERPINE2, were significantly upregulated in CILP+ fibroblasts. These genes are involved in promoting cell proliferation, inhibiting inflammatory pathways, and stabilizing cell structure, thereby exerting reparative and protective effects on chondrocytes. In contrast, COL6A3, COL6A1, COL1A2, COL1A1, COL3A1, TGF-β1, MMP2, AEBP1, SPARC, FNDC1, and POSTN were upregulated in POSTN+ fibroblasts. These genes may contribute to chondrocyte damage and further degeneration by promoting chondrocyte catabolism, driving inflammation, activating inflammatory pathways, and facilitating chondrocyte apoptosis and destruction.

Conclusion

Our study elucidated the interactions and correlations between OA synovial cells and chondrocytes. CILP+ synovial fibroblasts may exert reparative and protective effects on chondrocytes of patients with OA by promoting cell proliferation, inhibiting inflammation, and stabilizing cellular structures, thereby potentially mitigating the progression of cartilage lesions in affected patients. In contrast, POSTN+ synovial fibroblasts may exacerbate chondrocyte deterioration in patients with OA by enhancing degradation, inflammation, and apoptosis, thereby exacerbating cartilage lesions. Investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms between OA synovial cells and chondrocytes refines the understanding of OA pathogenesis and provides valuable insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of OA.
Reserve allocation of high-penetration renewable energy grids considering frequency security
Authors: Liu Fang , Su Yunche , Liu Yang , Chen Dawei , Chen Wei , Kuang Li
Published: December 2024

As the penetration rate of renewable energy in the power grid continues to rise, the reserve criteria for traditional power grids dominated by synchronous generators (SGs) have difficulty meeting system frequency security requirements. This study proposes a frequency security-constrained optimization approach for the allocation of reserve capacity in high-penetration renewable energy grids that utilize multitype reserve resources, including SGs and nonsynchronous units, to address the frequency security issue. First, strategies and models for expanding the sources of frequency regulation reserves are analyzed, including various types of renewable energy generation, such as wind turbine (WT) curtailment and the combination of photovoltaic (PV) cells and battery storage. A refined reserve criterion is then proposed that considers multidimensional evaluation indices from both operational economy and frequency security aspects. Finally, a bilevel optimization model for reserve capacity allocation on multiple timescales that considers frequency security is constructed. The rationality and effectiveness of the proposed reserve allocation scheme were verified using a practical power grid in Southwest China.
Near-infrared spectrometry for rapid and real-time prediction of specific quality attributes in intact cactus pear fruits (Opuntia ficus-indica L.)
Authors: Owino Willis O. , Lanoi Daisy , Imathiu Samuel , Kahenya Peter , Nyonje Winnie A. , Yegon Dennis
Published: December 2024

Cactus pear fruits are rich sources of nutritional (essential vitamins, amino acids and minerals) and antioxidant compounds (flavonoids, carotenes, betalains, ascorbic acid and quercetin). The fruit is cultivated for fresh markets and also serves as nutraceutical and functional food, finding application in various forms such as juice, jam, wine, syrup and in dairy products. However, short postharvest life and negative perception has contributed to its underutilization in the local context. Total titratable acidity (TTA) and total soluble solids (TSS) are among the desirable attributes used to assess postharvest quality of Cactus pears. A portable near-infrared spectrometer (NIRS) can non-destructively determine the internal quality of Cactus pears’ thus reducing postharvest losses. This study evaluated the potential of a handheld NIRS coupled with chemometrics of partial least square regression (PLSR) for rapid, non-destructive, and simultaneous determination of TTA and TSS in intact Cactus pear fruits. Cactus pears at different stages of maturity were sampled from Laikipia county, in Kenya, and immediately subjected to spectral data acquisition and wet-chemistry analyses. The PLSR was used to train and validate predictive models for the determination of TTA and TSS content in intact Cactus pears. The prediction model for TTA gave an R-squared (R2) of 0.73, root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.28% citric acid, and residual predictive deviation (RPD) of 1.97. Additionally, the TSS model resulted in R2 of 0.75, RMSEP of 1.60° Brix, and RPD of 2.06. Overall, these findings highlight the effectiveness of NIRS in non-destructive measurement of TTA and TSS levels in whole Cactus pears. However, with further refinement and optimization of these models, the full potential of this technique for swift and precise assessment of these parameters in whole Cactus pears can be realized. This would greatly benefit farmers and processors by reducing expenses associated with quality assessment and facilitating market entry of Cactus pear derived food products.
In silico neoantigen screening and HLA multimer-based validation identify immunogenic neopeptide in multifocal lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xin , Jiang Lang , Zhao Juan , Wu Mi , Xiong Jin , Wu Xiongwen , Weng Xiufang
Published: December 2024

Background

Mutations commonly occur in cancer cells, arising neoantigen as potential targets for personalized immunotherapy of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the substantial heterogeneity observed among individuals and distinct foci within the same patient presents significant challenges in formulating immunotherapy strategies. The aim of the work is to characterize the mutation pattern and identify neopeptides across different patients and diverse foci within the same patients with LUAD.

Methods

Seven lung adenocarcinoma samples and matched tissues/blood are collected from 4 patients with LUAD for whole exome sequencing, mutation signature analysis, HLA binding prediction and neoantigen screening. Dimeric HLA-A2 molecules were prepared by Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system to establish a T cell stimulation system based on HLA-A2-coated artificial antigen-presenting cells for the validation of immunogenic neopeptides.

Results

Similar mutation pattern with predominant missense mutation and high tumor mutation burden was observed across individuals with lung adenocarcinomas and between non-invasive and invasive foci. We screened and identified 3 consistent mutated genes among 100 top genes with highest mutation scores contributed across 4 patients, and 3 mutated peptides among 30 with highest HLA-A2 binding affinity distributed in at least 2 out of 4 foci in the same patient. Notably, LUAD-7-MT peptide encoded by NANOGNB demonstrated higher immunogenicity in promoting CD8+ T cells proliferation and IFN-γ secretion than the corresponding wildtype peptide.

Conclusions

This study provides an in-depth analysis of mutation characteristics of LUAD and establishes a neoantigen screening and validation system for identifying immunogenicity neopeptide across individual patients and diverse foci in the same patient with multifocal LUAD.