bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FITNESS ELIGIBILITY OF CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS TO sport ACTIVITIES and SUPERVIZING OF young athletes with CARDIOVASCULAR deviations
Authors: Skuratova N. A. , Belyaeva L. M. , Protsenko E. Yu.
Published: February 2022

He article provides recommendations for fitness eligibility of children and teenagers to sport activities and supervising of young athletes with cardiovascular deviations. The recommendations were developed on the basis of our own research results and modern literature data.
THE EFFECT OF INCORPORATED RADIONUСLIDES ON THE DUODENAL GLANDS OF WHITE RATS
Authors: Kravtsova I. L. , Maltseva N. G. , Artishevsky A. A. , Gayduk V. S.
Published: February 2022

The work presents a systemic study of the duodenum components in white rats affected by incorporated radionuclides. It revealed the organ correlative structure dynamics in the changing number, strength and direction of the intercorrelations among the signs in the biosystem. The stress condition of the organ in the initial period is characterized by the functional disorganization of the system intercorrelations. Development of the compensatory mechanism is associated with an increase in the number of intercorrelations and re-establshment of the integration index.
THE ASSESSMENT OF PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF OAK SILKWORM PUPAE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF COPPER IONS USING ALLIUM-TEST
Authors: Kontsevaya I. I. , Vuyevskaya I. V.
Published: February 2022

Objective: to study the protective properties of the aqueous extract of Chinese oak silkworm pupae in the conditions of toxic effect of copper ions on the cytogenetic activity in meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. Material and methods. The effect of the tested solutions were assessed by means of ana-telophase method for accounting chromosome aberrations in cells of root meristems by mitotic index, metaphase-prophase index, the pathology of mitosis, its composition and spectrum. Results. The study revealed that the application of the aqueous extract of Chinese oak silkworm pupae in the effect of the supralethal concentration of copper ions effectively inhibits pathological processes in cells. Conclusion. The protective properties of the active components of the aqueous extract of oak Chinese silkworm pupae against severe cytogenetic damages caused by the copper are expressed in the reduced number of pyknotic cells in the interphase.
VARIANTS OF PRIMARY ASEPTIC WOUND HEALING ON THE FACE AND NECK WITHOUT TENSION
Authors: Krivenchuk V. A. , Dundarov Z. A.
Published: February 2022

This review of literature describes different methods of wound defect healing and analyzes modern literature data on repairs of primary aseptic wounds on the face and neck without tension.
ORTHOPEDIC DEVICES FOR TREATMENT FOR CONGENITAL CLUBFOOT
Authors: Divovich G. V. , Deykalo V. P.
Published: February 2022

Improvement of conservative and operative methods of treatment for congenital clubfoot is inseparably linked with creation of constructions, orthopedic splints and devices. The article covers the history of creation and design features of braces - devices for fixing and dynamic correction of children`s feet. Modern designs of braces are successfully used worldwide after conservative or operative treatment for clubfoot to prevent its relapses. The features and advantages of braces produced in Belarus are stated: their universality, functionality, hygienicity, affordability.
Hepatocellular adenoma in a goat: An incidental abattoir finding in Oman
Authors: Ali Haytham , Alhamrashdi Abeer , El-Neweshy Mahmoud
Published: February 2022

In the present study, a hepatic mass measured 9×11×5 cm in the right hepatic lobe was detected incidentally in a less than two years old male Somali goat during routine meat inspection at the Central Muscat Municipality Slaughterhouse, Oman. Gross and microscopic examination revealed a hepatocellular adenoma, a rare finding in goats.
Türkiye’de Deniz Kadastrosunun Gerekliliği Üzerine Bir Çalışma
Authors: ÇELİK Mehmet Özgür , YAKAR Murat
Published: February 2022

Toplumlar geçmişten günümüze denizi ve kıyı bölgeleri beslenmek, hammadde elde etmek ve ulaşımı sağlamak için kullanmıştır. Bu kullanım alanları; insanlara fayda sağlamakla birlikte, ekolojik dengenin bozulmasına, doğal yaşam ve çevrenin olumsuz etkilenmesine yol açmış, günümüzde ise etkisi son derece hissedilmeye başlanmıştır. Dolayısıyla denizlerin korunması, kontrol altına alınması gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ortaya çıkan mevcut durumun en güçlü çözüm alternatiflerinden biri deniz kadastrosunun yapılmasıdır. Çalışmada dünya ölçeğinde deniz kadastrosu kapsamında gerçekleştirilmiş faaliyetler incelenmiş, Türkiye’de deniz kadastrosunun gerekliliği irdelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda, gelişmiş ülkelerde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de denizlerin korunması, sürdürülebilir çevre anlayışı içerisinde yönetilmesi için deniz kadastrosuna ihtiyaç olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Havacılıkta İnsan Faktörleri Eğitimi Sorunsallarının Tespiti ve Buna Yönelik Geliştirilmiş Eğitim Modeli ve İyileştirme Önerileri
Authors: Önen Vahap
Published: February 2022

Ticari havacılığın ortaya çıktığı ilk yıllardan buyana gerek uçak imalat sistemlerinde, bilgi işlem teknolojilerinde, elektronik cihazlar ve otomasyon gibi birçok alanda oldukça önemli ilerlemeler sağlanmıştır. Tüm bu gelişmelere rağmen havacılık olay ve kazalarında insan faktörleri unsuru elimine edilememiş olup halen önemini aynı şekilde korumaktadır. Çünkü havacılıkta meydana gelen ölümcül kazaların büyük çoğunluğunun hâlen insan faktörlerinden kaynaklandığı belirtilmektedir. Bu sebeple havacılıkta insan faktörleri sorunsallarından biri olan “İnsan Faktörleri Eğitimi” sorunsalının ele alınması, bu alanda ortaya çıkan temel eksikliklerin ortaya çıkarılması, bu çerçevede geliştirilmiş insan faktörleri eğitim modeli önerisinin ve yapılacak iyileştirme fırsatları alanlarının belirlenmesi bu çalışmanın temel amacını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma nitel analiz yöntemine dayalı olarak iki ayrı içerik analiziyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk çalışmada ön lisans ve lisans kapsamında aynı programları yürüten havacılık okullarının insan faktörleri eğitimi kapsamında web sitelerinde yayınladıkları ders programları kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle incelenmiş ve bu konuda yayınlanan kurallara yönelik dokuman içerik analizi yapılmıştır. İkinci çalışmada ise havacılık sektörü uzmanlarının katılımıyla gerçekleşen “Havacılıkta İnsan Faktörleri” panel katılımcı görüşleri analiz edilerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda, gerek havacılık okulları bölümlerinde gerekse de havacılık kuruluşlarında insan faktörleri eğitimlerinin yetersiz yapıldığı veya yapılmadığı, verilen eğitimlerin ICAO’nun öngördüğü kapsamı karşılamadığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca, insan faktörleri eğitim sorunsalı teması altında; üst yönetimin insan faktörleri eğitimini samimi bir şekilde desteklememesi, eğitimlerin “mış” gibi yapılıyor olması, eğitimlerin davranış değişikliği yaratmaması, havacılık kuruluşlarında yeralan tüm birimlerin temel insan faktörleri eğitimi almaması başlıklarının ana kategori olarak belirlenerek ülkemizde bunların bu alandaki en önemli eksiklikler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan her iki analizin birlikte değerlendirilmesiyle de; gerek havacılık okullarına gerekse havacılık kuruluşlarına yönelik geliştirilmiş “İnsan Faktörleri Eğitim” modeli önerisi ve ayrıca bu alanda yapılacak iyileştirmelere yönelik on adet öneri sunulmuştur.
A Comprehensive Literature Research of the Additively Manufactured Airborne Parts
Authors: Saraçyakupoğlu Tamer
Published: February 2022

Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology has been gaining a reputation as a game-changer for the production of both metal and plastic parts in the niche industrial sectors such as aerospace, aviation, and medical. Conventionally manufactured, Ni-based alloys called Inconel type materials have been widely used in the mentioned industries for a very long time. But they are now technically available for AM applications. It means that AM will be more frequently used. However, it is not clear yet how the material display influences microstructural anisotropy in the additively manufactured parts. For example, in a certain tribological situation, when exposed to moveable contact weakness, anisotropy might influence mechanical characteristics and thermal features. The powder-bed-based manufacturing process that is a widely used AM technology provides a slightly rough surface compared to other AM techniques. The combination of AM techniques in the aviation industry could gracefully overcome the barriers to having increased surface quality and mechanical features. In this manner; this paper explores the cutting-edge AM studies in the aviation industry while underlining their constraints
Evaluation of MOPITT and TROPOMI carbon monoxide retrievals using AirCore in situ vertical profiles
Authors: Martinez-Alonso Sara , Aben Ilse , Baier Bianca C. , Borsdorff Tobias , Deeter Merritt N. , McKain Kathryn , Sweeney Colm , Worden Helen
Published: February 2022

Abstract. AirCore in situ vertical profiles sample the atmosphere from near the surface to the lower stratosphere, making them ideal for the validation of satellite tropospheric trace gas data. Here we present intercomparison results of AirCore carbon monoxide (CO) measurements with respect to retrievals from MOPITT (Measurements of Pollution In The Troposphere; version 8) and TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument), onboard the NASA Terra and ESA Sentinel 5-Precursor satellites, respectively. Mean MOPITT/AirCore total column bias values and their standard deviation (0.0 ± 0.9, 0.3 ± 1.0, and 0.1 ± 1.0 for MOPITT thermal-infrared, near-infrared, and multispectral retrievals, respectively; all in units of 1017 molec cm-2) are similar to results obtained in MOPITT/NOAA aircraft flask data comparisons from this study and from previous validation efforts. MOPITT CO retrievals are systematically validated using in situ vertical profiles from a variety of aircraft campaigns. Because most aircraft vertical profiles do not sample the troposphere's entire vertical extent, they must be extended upwards in order to be usable in validation. Here we quantify for the first time the error introduced in MOPITT CO validation by the use of shorter aircraft vertical profiles extended upwards by analyzing validation results from AirCore CO vertical profiles. Our results indicate that the error is small, affects mostly upper tropospheric retrievals (at 300 hPa: ~ 2.6, 0.8, and 3.2 percent points for MOPITT thermal-infrared, near-infrared, and multispectral, respectively), and may have resulted in the overestimation of MOPITT retrieval biases in that region. TROPOMI can retrieve CO under both clear and cloudy conditions. The latter is achieved by quantifying interfering trace gases and parameters describing the cloud contamination of the measurements together with the CO column; then, the reference CO profiles used in the retrieval are scaled based on estimated above-cloud CO rather than on estimated total CO. We use AirCore measurements to evaluate the error introduced by this approach in cloudy TROPOMI retrievals over land after accounting for TROPOMI's vertical sensitivity to CO (relative bias and its standard deviation = 2.02 % ± 11.13 %). We also quantify the null-space error, which accounts for differences between the shape of TROPOMI reference profiles and that of AirCore true profiles (for TROPOMI cloudy enull = 0.98 % ± 2.32 %).
SEIA: a scale-selective eddy identification algorithm for the global ocean
Authors: Yang Yikai , Zeng Lili , Wang Qiang
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Automatic eddy identification algorithms are crucial for global eddy research. This study presents a scale-selective eddy identification algorithm (SEIA; https://github.com/Yk-Yang/SEIA) for the global ocean based on closed sea level anomalies (SLAs) that features two improvements in the detection and tracking processes. First, the scale-selective scheme replaces the previously used threshold for defining the eddy boundary and restricts the numbers of upper and lower grid points based on the data resolution and eddy spatial scale. Under such conditions, the eddy boundary is as large as possible, while the eddy region is not overestimated. Furthermore, a novel and effective overlap scheme is used to track eddies by calculating the intersecting ratio of time-step-successive eddies. SEIA generates 278,630 anticyclonic eddies and 274,351 cyclonic eddies from AVISO’s SLA dataset over a five-year period (2015–2019; http://www.doi.org/10.11922/sciencedb.o00035.00004; Yang et al., 2022). The global distribution of eddies, propagation speed, and eddy path characteristics in the Southern Ocean verify the validity of SEIA.
Transient climate simulations of the Holocene (version 1) – experimental design and boundary conditions
Authors: Tian Zhiping , Jiang Dabang , Zhang Ran , Su Baohuang
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The Holocene, started approximately 11.5 thousand years before present (ka), is the latest interglacial period with several rapid climate changes from decades to centuries time scales superimposed on the millennium scale mean climate trend. Climate models provide useful tools to investigate the underlying dynamic mechanisms for the climate change during this well-studied time period. Thanks to the improvements of the climate model and computational power, transient simulation of the Holocene offers an opportunity to investigate the climate evolution in response to time-varying external forcings and feedbacks. Here, we present the design of a new set of transient experiments for the whole Holocene from 11.5 ka to the preindustrial period (1850 CE) (HT-11.5ka) to investigate both combined and separated effects of the main external forcing of orbital insolation, atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations, and ice sheets on the climate evolution over the Holocene. The HT-11.5ka simulations are performed with a relatively high-resolution version of the comprehensive Earth system model CESM1.2.1 without acceleration, both fully- and singly-forced by time-varying boundary conditions of orbital configurations, atmospheric GHGs, and ice sheets. Preliminary simulation results show a slight decrease of the global annual mean surface air temperature from 11.5 ka to 7.5 ka due to both decreases in orbital insolation and GHG concentrations, with an abrupt cooling at approximate 7.5 ka, which is followed by a continuous warming until the preindustrial period mainly due to increased GHG concentrations. The simulated cooling magnitude at 6 ka lies within the range of the 14 PMIP4 model results and is close to their median result for the mid-Holocene simulations. Further analyses on the HT-11.5ka transient simulation results will be covered by follow-up studies.
Forward and inverse modeling of water flow in unsaturated soils with discontinuous hydraulic conductivities using physics-informed neural networks with domain decomposition
Authors: Bandai Toshiyuki , Ghezzehei Teamrat A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Modeling water flow in unsaturated soils is vital for describing various hydrological and ecological phenomena. Soil water dynamics is described by well-established physical laws (Richardson-Richards equation (RRE)). Solving the RRE is difficult due to the inherent non-linearity of the processes, and various numerical methods have been proposed to solve the issue. However, applying the methods to practical situations is very challenging because they require well-defined initial and boundary conditions. Recent advances in machine learning and the growing availability of soil moisture data provide new opportunities for addressing the lingering challenges. Specifically, physics-informed machine learning allows taking advantage of both the known physics and data-driven modeling. Here, we present a physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) method that approximates the solution to the RRE using neural networks while concurrently matching available soil moisture data. Although the ability of PINNs to solve partial differential equations, including the RRE, has been demonstrated previously, its potential applications and limitations are not fully known. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of PINNs and carefully tested the accuracy of the solutions by comparing them with analytical solutions and accepted traditional numerical solutions. We demonstrated that the solutions by PINNs with adaptive activation functions are comparable with those by traditional methods. Furthermore, while a single neural network (NN) is adequate to represent a homogeneous soil, we showed that soil moisture dynamics in layered soils with discontinuous hydraulic conductivities are correctly simulated by PINNs with domain decomposition (using separate NNs for each unique layer). A key advantage of PINNs is the absence of the strict requirement for precisely prescribed initial and boundary conditions. In addition, unlike traditional numerical methods, PINNs provide an inverse solution without repeatedly solving the forward problem. We demonstrated the application of these advantages by successfully simulating infiltration and redistribution constrained by sparse soil moisture measurements. As a free by-product, we gain knowledge of the water flux over the entire flow domain, including the unspecified upper and bottom boundary conditions. Nevertheless, there remain challenges that require further development. Chiefly, PINNs are sensitive to the initialization of NNs and are significantly slower than traditional numerical methods.
INTEGRATED 3D SURVEY FOR THE DOCUMENTATION AND VISUALIZATION OF A ROCK-CUT UNDERGROUND BUILT HERITAGE
Authors: D’Agostino G. , Figuera M. , Russo G. , Galizia M. , Militello P. M.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The research presented here is part of an on-going research focused on the 3D documentation of rock-cut Underground Built Heritage with a complex morphology and characterised by narrow spaces, the Hypogeum of Calaforno (province of Ragusa, Sicily). It is one of the most interesting prehistoric monuments in Sicily in terms of size and unique rock-cut architecture. Various digital techniques have been tested over the years on the site, to represent its spatiality, such as Laser Scanner and Structure from Motion. The proposed methodological approach for the knowledge and the documentation of this archaeological site is based on an interdisciplinary approach involving archaeological and engineering disciplines. This paper focuses on the use of expeditious techniques such as iMMS (indoor Mobile Mapping Systems) based on SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) and on the comparison of different surveying equipment in order to verify data quality and accuracy, as well as the inherent advantages of using one technology over another in relation to the characteristics of the site. Through the global verification of TLS and SLAM model reliability, we maintain that such research can contribute to enriching the protocols surrounding the archaeological investigation of sites characterized by complex morphology, irregular surfaces, narrow spaces, specific chromatic features, scarce or total lack of lighting, and physical obstacles.
FEDERATED HBIM MODELS FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE: SURVEY MODEL AND CONCEPTUAL MODEL
Authors: Delpozzo D. , Appolonia L. , Scala B. , Adami A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The federation of models is a pillar of the BIM (Building Information Modelling) approach: it allows to keep the contents of each discipline separate during the modelling-creation phase, and to merge them together later during the project management phase, from its feasibility to the construction site, to the management of the entire life-cycle of the building.Generally, these models refer to specific disciplines and the architectural, plant and structural model are always identified.When the asset belongs to Cultural Heritage, more generically an existing building, the BIM approach (at this point HBIM - Historic Building Information Modelling) is faced with an additional level of complexity since it is necessary to model something existing (the building in fact) and of which not much information is known. The geometric complexity of the asset often aggravates this situation because if the parametric modelling is preferred, it is difficult to represent such irregular morphologies, and if the surface modelling and a more geometrical detail is preferred, the model becomes very heavy.In many cases the choice is to approximate reality as best as possible through specific and tailor-made modelling approaches, often complex and with some borderline methods, if compared to BIM logic. In other cases, however, it makes sense to define when the geometric complexity and the reliability of the model are necessary, and when, instead, a simplification is required in order to effectively manage the information.The case study presented in this paper is the Arch of Augustus, in Aosta, for the HBIM approach it has been chosen to separate the two approaches,placing side by side the federated models referred to the classical disciplines with two models of the current state: one very accurate with the purpose of maintaining all the quality of acquired 3D geometric information, while the other absolutely schematic, necessary as a 3D index for the information.The approach described here, however, requires a preliminary reflection in order to define the BIM granularity - the smallest object in the model - and to define the methodological procedures that allow the bidirectional relationship between survey model and conceptual model. This paper provides insigth oif the importance of the relation between survey model and conseptual model. Future works will try to make this relation more stronger and efficient.
OPTIMIZED CONFIGURATIONS FOR MICRO-PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEYING ADAPTABLE TO MACRO OPTICS AND DIGITAL MICROSCOPE
Authors: Antinozzi S. , Fiorillo F.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The configuration of new survey approaches for digitizing tiny artefacts is gradually emerging in favour of the related results sharing in new modalities such as 3D printing and or Cultural Heritage open-access datasets. Unfortunately, due to the still high cost of the instrumentations and the time required for specialized operators training, both the digital documentation of small artefacts and the dissemination of 3D data are still a long way from becoming truly mainstream practices.Alternative solutions, often at low cost, could be considered, involving the use of passive sensors for image-based modelling processes, relying on a widespread technology that is now within everyone’s reach. Therefore, we intend to meet the demand for the three-dimensional representation of small objects with complex surfaces and sub-millimetre morphological characteristics by designing several custom accessories that optimize the photogrammetric workflow while maintaining very high metric rigour.In this current work, the authors will focus on researching the most suitable acquisition method and hardware setup to achieve a digital twin of a complex and detailed cuneiform tablet replica using the now widely available on the market digital portable microscopes, able to achieve high magnification. The results were compared with a reference dataset from an active sensor acquisition for the necessary procedure validations.
SUPER-RESOLUTION IMAGES ON MOBILE SMARTPHONE AIMED AT 3D MODELING
Authors: Inzerillo L.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. In these last years have been calculated several general algorithms to process the images acquired by mobile devices. Nevertheless, they don't always work at their full effectiveness due the numerous constraints and external issues. The latest generation smartphones, pushed by higher user expectations, have increasingly performing camera functions, in particular way, about the always increasing resolution, with a large number of pixels to process or two cameras for stereo view. Considering that pixels in an image sensor synthetizes the number of incoming photons, taking a photograph with a digital camera means to applying a low-pass filter to a scene where the tiny textures, such as characters that measure a few pixels, are observed blurry. This happens when using digital zoom or when the visibility is compromised or during the night artificial lights. For all these reasons the conventional image converter resolution algorithms (as bilinear interpolation algorithm) don’t work with the high-frequency information of a scene once lost. All these aspects are more relevant if we are taking photos to carry out a 3D scenario. Indeed, the 3D model will have an higher geometric accuracy if the image resolution will be higher. Super-Resolution algorithms (SRa) are classified into two categories: (1) approaches that reconstruct a high-resolution image from itself and (2) approaches that register multiple low-resolution images to interpolate sub-pixel information. In this paper we verify the geometric accuracy of a 3D model, when using the Morpho Super-Resolution™ algorithm, also in critical condition. This algorithm doesn’t require pixel shift, indeed, some cameras have a functionality named pixel shift, which captures multiple images while shifting the image sensor.
DIGITAL BUILDING DATA LONGEVITY AND INTEROPERABILITY CHALLENGES IN THE DOCUMENTATION OF HERITAGE BUILDINGS
Authors: Khalil A. , Stravoravdis S.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. One of the major motivations behind the introduction of BIM (Building Information Modelling) was to mitigate the challenges of interoperability and interdisciplinary interaction between different stakeholders, this is particularly critical in the heritage buildings sector that involves more diverse stakeholders in a wide range of disciplines compared to a standard construction project. A crucial concern in dealing with heritage buildings is the longevity and safeguarding of the digital documentation data that is usually required to be kept as a digital record for the future. This is especially challenging in the digital medium due to the diversity of the software tools, and the fast-advancing and changing software market.In order to assess the needs and challenges facing the heritage buildings sector in terms of data longevity and interoperability and to assess the interdisciplinary interaction needs of relevant disciplines, the authors designed an online survey targeting professionals and academics in the heritage buildings sector and the wider AEC industries. This paper presents the preliminary findings of this survey.
AUTOMATIC POINT CLOUD NOISE MASKING IN CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR BUILDINGS USING AI-BASED SEMANTIC LABELLING
Authors: Murtiyoso A. , Grussenmeyer P.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The use of AI in semantic segmentation has grown significantly in recent years, aided by developments in computing power and the availability of annotated images for training data. However, in the context of close-range photogrammetry, although working with 2D images, AI is still used mostly for 3D point cloud segmentation purposes. In this paper, we propose a simple method to apply such methods in close range photogrammetry by benefitting from deep learning-based semantic segmentation. Specifically, AI was used to detect unwanted objects in a scene involving the 3D reconstruction of a historical building façade. For these purposes, classes e.g., sky, trees, and electricity poles were considered as noise. Masks were then created from the results which would then constraint the dense image matching process to only the wanted classes. In this regard, the resulting dense point cloud essentially projected the 2D semantic labels into the 3D space, thus excluding noise and unwanted object classes from the 3D scene. Our results were compared to manual image masking and managed to achieve comparable results while requiring only a fraction of the processing time when using a pre-trained DL network to do the task.
SHAPE PRESERVING NOISE ATTENUATION MODEL FOR 3-D-MODELING OF HERITAGE SITES BY PORTABLE LASER SCANS
Authors: Zhang T. , Abu-Hani J. , Filin S.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The development of efficient strategies to document cultural heritage sites is an active research field. One promising avenue to address that need may be found in the use of portable laser scanners. Such scans provide a mapping-grade level of accuracy, yet their level of characterization is limited by the low resolution of the generated point cloud and by the relatively noisy measurements. In this paper we study methods to attenuate the noisy responses as a means to improve the data quality and highlight the underlying structure. Unlike the prevailing plane-fitting-based filtering approaches that tend to blur salient features, we consider the use of local structure properties in our denoising strategy. We use the normal-based bilateral filtering of point clouds as a platform, yet introduce new normal preservation concepts whose incorporation significantly improves the overall denoising process performance. Results demonstrate how our proposed solution outperforms the standard plane-filtering and the naive bilateral approach. The attenuation we achieve yields a more visually pleasing entity description as well as simplified processing of subsequent procedures, including feature extraction and semantic segmentation.
60 years of scientific deep drilling in Colombia: the north Andean guide to the Quaternary
Authors: Hooghiemstra Henry , Pérez Gustavo Sarmiento , Torres Torres Vladimir , Berrío Juan-Carlos , Lourens Lucas , Flantua Suzette G. A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. We sketch the initial history of collecting deep cores in terrestrial and marine sedimentary basins and ice cores to study environmental and climate change. Subsequently, we focus on the development of long records from the Northern Andes. The 586 m long pollen record from ancient Lake Bogotá reflects the last 2.25 × 106 years with ∼ 1.2 kyr resolution, whereas the sediment core reflects almost the complete Quaternary. The 58 m long composite core from Lake Fúquene covers the last 284 ka with ∼ 60 years resolution. We address the various challenges and limitations of working with deep continental cores. For the tropics, the presence of these deep cores has made the Northern Andes a key area in developing and testing hypotheses in the fields of ecology, paleobiogeography, and climate change. We summarize the results in the figures, and for details on the paleoenvironmental reconstructions, we refer to the corresponding literature. We provide an overview of the literature on long continental records from all continents (see the Supplement). Based on our 50 years of experience in continental core drilling, developing a research capacity to analyze the large amounts of samples, and keeping a team together to publish the results, we listed suggestions in support of deep continental records aimed at studying environmental and climate change over long intervals of time.
COSC-2 – drilling the basal décollement and underlying margin of palaeocontinent Baltica in the Paleozoic Caledonide Orogen of Scandinavia
Authors: Lorenz Henning , Rosberg Jan-Erik , Juhlin Christopher , Klonowska Iwona , Lescoutre Rodolphe , Westmeijer George , Almqvist Bjarne S. G. , Anderson Mark , Bertilsson Stefan , Dopson Mark , Kallmeyer Jens , Kück Jochem , Lehnert Oliver , Menegon Luca , Pascal Christophe , Rejkjær Simon , Roberts Nick N. W.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides (COSC) scientific
drilling project aims to characterise the structure and orogenic processes
involved in a major collisional mountain belt by multidisciplinary geoscientific research. Located in western central Sweden, the project has
drilled two fully cored deep boreholes into the bedrock of the deeply eroded Early Paleozoic Caledonide Orogen. COSC-1 (2014) drilled a
subduction-related allochthon and the associated thrust zone. COSC-2 (2020,
this paper) extends this section deeper through the underlying nappes (Lower Allochthon), the main Caledonian décollement, and the upper kilometre of basement rocks. COSC-2 targets include the characterisation of orogen-scale detachments, the impact of orogenesis on the basement below the detachment, and the Early Paleozoic palaeoenvironment on the outer margin of palaeocontinent Baltica. This is complemented by research on heat flow, groundwater flow, and the characterisation of the microbial community in the present hard rock environment of the relict mountain belt. COSC-2
successfully, and within budget, recovered a continuous drill core to 2276 m depth. The retrieved geological section is partially different from the expected geological section with respect to the depth to the main
décollement and the expected rock types. Although the intensity of synsedimentary deformation in the rocks in the upper part of the drill core might impede
the analysis of the Early Paleozoic palaeoenvironment, the superb quality of
the drill core and the borehole will facilitate research on the remaining
targets and beyond. Protocols for sampling in the hard rock environment and
subsequent sample preservation were established for geomicrobiological
research and rock mechanical testing. For the former, a sparse sample series along the entire drill core was taken, while the target of the latter was the décollement. COSC-2 was surveyed by a comprehensive post-drilling downhole logging campaign and a combined borehole/land seismic survey in autumn 2021. This paper provides an overview of the COSC-2 (International Continental Scientific Drilling Project – ICDP 5054_2_A and 5054_2_B boreholes) operations and preliminary results. It will be complemented by a detailed operational report and data publication.
Cidade viva e sonora da terra de Guairacá: experimentações sonoras acerca da história de Curitiba com crianças na Bienal de Arte
Authors: Silva João Paulo de Souza da , Coelho Daniele Martinez de Oliveira
Published: February 2022

Neste texto, relatamos a experiência com a proposta artística “Cidade viva e sonora da terra de Guairacá”, realizada com estudantes do 5º ano de uma escola municipal e apresentada na IV Bienal de Arte/Educação da Secretaria Municipal da Educação de Curitiba no segundo semestre de 2019. O objetivo principal da proposta foi articular a temática estabelecida pela Bienal – “Arte e Vida: fronteiras em aberto” – com os conteúdos ministrados em outros componentes curriculares, como história e geografia. Imaginamos a possibilidade de a partir da realidade vivida pelos estudantes atuar poeticamente através de fronteiras não apenas geográficas (cidade de Curitiba), mas temporais (século XIX), com a criação e captação de paisagens sonoras produzidas pelos alunos, utilizando diferentes materiais sonoros, posteriormente editados, cujo resultado se caracteriza como uma composição de música contemporânea, apoiando-se especialmente em Schafer (1991 e 2001), Zagonel (1999 e 2007), Torres e Kozel (2019).
ATA DA 30ª SESSÃO ORDINÁRIA DA ACADEMIA NACIONAL DE MEDICINA
Authors: Costa Aboudib Jr . José Horácio
Published: February 2022

REALIZADA NO DIA 07/10/2021, QUINTA FEIRA, ÀS 18 HORAS, NA PLATAFORMA DE REUNIÕES ONLINE ZOOM MEETINGS. Presidente: Acad. Rubens Belfort Mattos Jr. Secretário-Geral: Acad. Carlos Eduardo Brandão Mello
Mechanical Power of DC Motors with Polygarmonic Power Supply
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine ", Kovalov Victor ,   Kharkiv Politechnical Institut", Kovalova Yulia ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv Kharkiv, Ukraine, Shcherbak Irina ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The aim of the work is to develop a method for determining the mechanical power of DC mo-tors when they are powered by semiconductor converters, since the harmonic components of the armature current do not create a torque on the shaft. This means that at the nominal electric power of the motor, it is necessary to reduce the mechanical power to ensure the nominal tem-perature regime of the armature winding. The aim is achieved by solving the problem of deter-mining the dependence of the mechanical power of the motor on the armature current pulsations factor, the value of which depends on the control parameter of the thyristor or transistor con-verter, on the inductance of the armature circuit and the load current. As a result, it was pro-posed to express the dependence of the mechanical power in terms of the allowable mechanical load factor, which, in turn, depends on the armature current pulsations factor. The method is as follows: 1) on a computer model determine the armature current pulsations factor; 2) determine the allowable mechanical load factor and the allowable mechanical power. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the expression for determining the allowable mechanical load of DC motors with polyharmonic power has been further developed, which, unlike the known ones, contains the square of the armature current pulsations factor. An example of the practical use of the proposed method for calculating the allowable mechanical power of DC motor when pow-ered by single-phase thyristor rectifier.
Reactive Power Compensation in a Hybrid Renewable Energy System through Fuzzy Based Boost Converter
Authors:   Annamalai University, India, Sathish Ch. , Chidambram I.A. ,   Annamalai University, India, Manikandan M. ,   Jyothishmathi Institute of Technology and Science, India
Published: February 2022

The reactive power compensation is essential during hybrid grid connected system, because the overall power factor of the power systems is reduced due to DC energy fed to the grid using electronic energy inverters. Increased load on the grid due to poor power factor triggers losses in the grid. The main objective of the work related to control the Reactive Power flow in grid connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System (PV-wind-battery). The objectives of the work were achieved by satisfying the load demand, injecting the reactive power from hybrid sources to the grid. First, the proposed technique with fuzzy based boost converter is implemented. It reduced power conversion stages, decreases the losses compared to existing Hybrid Grid-connected systems. The most significant result of the work is the conclusion that the fuzzy based boost converter should increase the Maximum power from solar PV Panel, The speed control of wind energy system is control by speed controller-fuzzy rule, and it created with low speed to high speed. The significance of the obtained results is that the used methodology allowed maximum energy utilized by hybrid renewable energy system to grid. The reactive power is maintained at zero level in order to ensure the unity power factor operation. But rather significantly enhances the small voltage fluctuation in the grid. In addition, to reduces the current total harmonic distortion to 1.9 %, which is good lower than the requirement for network operation. The proposed method is verified using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results were supported experimentally.
Elaboration of the Calculation Algorithm for the Load Diagram of a Thermoelectric Generator that Applies the Temperature Dependent Thermoelectric Layer Properties
Authors:   Sanct-Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russian Federation, Golubev Roman , Stolyarov Serghey ,   Sanct-Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

The aim of the work is the development of the algorithm for the working parameters calculation of a marine waste heat thermoelectric generator, where the thermoelectric layer properties are considered as temperature dependent. The marine thermoelectric generator must have an extensive operational profile that includes a number of modes with a different power demand and different magnitudes of the waste heat parameters. The working mode alteration involves the change in the thermoelectric properties. To achieve the goal a mathematical model was offered for a load diagram calculation. The load diagram represents the generator parameters alteration with respect to the load current change. The most important result was the proposed new order of calculation that differs from the present models with offered variables, an approach to constructional thermal resistances application and a specific electrical power implementation. Mean temperature and load factor are taken as variables with the load factor being accepted as a relation between the electrical resistances of a load and a generator. Constructional thermal resistances were combined into two complex parameters – the thermal resistances of a hot and cold sides. The significance of the obtained results is determined by shaping a versatile approach to the generator`s working parameters calculation. The methodology is independent of the scheme of the calculated generator`s thermal resistances, which could be transformed into the complex parameters. The specific power calculation allows defining the performance per a cross-sectional unit area. The optimal selection of variables reduces the computational time.
Multifunctional Equipment for Low-temperature Separation of Food Solutions Based on The Effect of “Thermal Paradox”
Authors:   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Odessa, Ukraine, Burdo Oleg , Terziev Serghey ,   PRJSC “ENNI FOODS”, Odessa, Ukraine, Mordynskiy Vsevolod ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Odessa, Ukraine, Sirotyuk Ilia ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Odessa, Ukraine, Fateeva Yana ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Odessa, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The analysis of studies devoted to food solutions separation was carried out. The evolution of cryoconcentration technologies is analyzed, including the research works of the authors in the field of the block freezing plants. The purpose of the work is to reduce energy costs in block freezing plants and to intensify the process of the ice block formation. A hypothesis states that energy efficiency can be improved by recycling ice, using its energy to supercool the refrigerant before throttling. To intensify heat and mass transfer during crystallization, a scientific and technical idea for the implementation of the "thermal paradox effect" is proposed. The essence of the effect is that, with a certain combination of design and operating parameters of a block freezer, the growth of an ice block leads to a decrease in the total thermal resistance in the circuit "refrigerant — block freezer's wall — ice block — solution". The most significant result of the work was that it proved the possibility to harmonize the design and operating parameters and organized the process of separation the solutions into ice and concentrate while minimizing systemic cold losses, and, and thus the ways were proposed for developing the freezing concentration technique. The scientific significance of the obtained results lies in the fact that a new principle of efficient use of the ice block energy was proved in the work, and a new effect was obtained, which it was referred to by the authors as the "thermal paradox". The practical significance of the work was that a multifunctional freezing unit with ice recycling and frequency control of the compressor drive was created.
Algorithm for Selection Equipment to Reduce the Technogenic Effect on the Environment
Authors:   Sumy State University Sumy, Ukraine, Kozii Ivan , Plyatsuk Leonid ,   Sumy State University Sumy, Ukraine, Koval Vitaliy ,   Sumy State University Sumy, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The work is devoted to the development of an algorithm for selection dust and gas purification equipment in order to reduce the anthropogenic impact on the environment from emissions of the heat, power and chemical industries, which are sources of complex environmental pollution. The need for the research was necessitated by the inefficiency of environmental measures taken due to the huge number of devices with different designs for emissions’ purification, their non-universality and low efficiency of the purification systems. The main goal of the study was to develop a software algorithm for the reasonable choice of the optimal dust and gas purification equipment, taking into account the actual conditions of the technological environment and the characteristics of pollutants. The goal was achieved using a logical and mathematical description of the pollutant parameters, environmental conditions and process equipment parameters. The uniqueness of the developed algorithm consisted of rechecking the compliance of each equipment parameter with environmental conditions and pollutant characteristics. The most important aims were to obtain an algorithm for selection efficient equipment, taking into account its parameters and initial characteristics of pollutants and environmental conditions, the simplicity and accessibility of its implementation for a wide number of industrial facilities in the heat, power and chemical industries. The proposed algorithm, in contrast to the approaches used in practice, was characterized by the work flexibility due to the possibility of supplementing and improving the databases of pollutants and equipment.
Using soap waste from biodiesel production to intensify biogas generation during anaerobic digestion of cow dung
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Polishchuk V.М. , Shvorov S.А. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Krusir G.V. ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Odessa, Ukraine, Didur V.V. ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Uman, Ukraine, Witaszek К. ,   Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland, Pasichnyk N.A. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Dvornyk Ye.O. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Davidenko T.S. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The aim of the work is to increase the yield of biogas and the generation of electricity at biogas plants due to the joint fermentation of cattle manure with the addition of soap stock obtained from soap waste from biodiesel production. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: the yield of biogas from cattle manure was determined with the addition of soap stock for a periodic mode of loading the substrate, taking into account the data obtained, a mathematical model of biogas output for a quasi-continuous mode of loading the substrate into the digester was developed and its adequacy was confirmed. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that according to the data of experimental studies of biogas yield at a periodic loading mode using this model, it is possible to predict the maximum biogas yield for a quasi-continuous mode of loading the digester. The significance of the research results lies in the fact that when soap stock is added to the substrate with a periodic mode of loading the digester, a general increase in the biogas yield without diauxy is observed by about 2 times. The optimal content of soap stock in the substrate for a quasi-continuous mode of loading the digester, at which the biogas yield will be maximum, is 1.32%. When electricity is sold at a feed-in tariff, the payback period of a biogas plant is reduced from 8.7 years to 5.0 years.