bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Post-Transplant Dysglycemia on Renal Allogrfat Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients on Cyclosporine-Based Immunosuppression
Authors: Petkovska Lidija , Dimitrov Goran , Kavrakova Julijana Brezovska , Petronijevic Zvezdana , Selim Djulshen , Antova Emilija
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Post-transplant diabetes (PTDM), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are common complications of immunosuppressive therapy (IT) and are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and impaired graft function (GF).

Methods. Fifty-nine living donor kidney transplant recipients (KTR) were included in a combined cross-sectional and 8-month-observational prospective study about the impact of impaired glucose homeostasis (IGH) on GF. All patients were on standard IT including cyclosporine A (CsA), steroids and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). In all patients a standard oral glucose tolerans test (OGTT) was performed. Results were classified according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association: normal-with fasting blood glucose level (FGL) <5.6, IFG with FGL of 5.6-6.9, IGT with FGL of 7.8-11.1 and DM between > 6.9 FGL and >11 mmol/l. According to the results, all patients were divaded into two groups: Group 1 with impaired and Group 2 with normal GH. GF was estimated by GFR-Cockroft Gault (CG) and by degree of proteinuria in the beginning and end of the study.

Results. Twenty of 59(33.9%) patients showed overt IGH after transplantation while the remaining 39(66.1) were normal. The principal dysglycemia in KTR were PTDM (2 patients-3.3%), IGT (18 patients-30.5%) and IFG (7 patients-11.8%). In Group 1, postprandial glucose was higher (8.1±2.3 vs 5.8±0.7), more KTR were male (70% vs 33.3%), higher CsA levels were observed (160.9±81.2 vs 115.1±59.9) and time after the surgery was shorter (24.5±21.3 vs 41.4±28.). After a follow-up period of approximately 18 months in Group 1 a significant decline in GFR (62.6-52.7 ml/min) was noted, with no significant change in proteinuria. The correlation analysis was positive between CsA level and IGH and the time after transplantation and IFG.

Conclusion. Post-transplant dysglycemia and associated metabolic abnormalities are a significant factor for the deterioration of GF. CsA higher levels are associated with the occurrence of IGH and they affect the GF.
Thermal stability of the krypton Hall effect thruster
Authors: Szelecka Agnieszka , Kurzyna Jacek , Bourdain Loic
Published: May 2018

The Krypton Large IMpulse Thruster (KLIMT) ESA/PECS project, which has been implemented in the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM) and now is approaching its final phase, was aimed at incremental development of a ~500 W class Hall effect thruster (HET). Xenon, predominantly used as a propellant in the state-of-the-art HETs, is extremely expensive. Krypton has been considered as a cheaper alternative since more than fifteen years; however, to the best knowledge of the authors, there has not been a HET model especially designed for this noble gas. To address this issue, KLIMT has been geared towards operation primarily with krypton. During the project, three subsequent prototype versions of the thruster were designed, manufactured and tested, aimed at gradual improvement of each next exemplar. In the current paper, the heat loads in new engine have been discussed. It has been shown that thermal equilibrium of the thruster is gained within the safety limits of the materials used. Extensive testing with both gases was performed to compare KLIMT’s thermal behaviour when supplied with krypton and xenon propellants.
An Experimental Study for Reinforcing the Ground Underneath a Footing Using Micropiles
Authors: Lee Tae-Hyung , Im Jong-Chul , Kim Changyoung , Seo Minsu
Published: May 2018

The in situ application of micropiles has gradually increased in confined spaces of complex cities because the micropile has many advantages, such as low noise and vibration and compact machine size. Using the results of experimental analyses, this study purposes to improve the reinforcement efficiency of micropiles by recommending the most effective pattern and design method for installing them. In this study, model tests were carried out to understand the ground reinforcement effect induced by the mechanical interaction between the micropile and soil. The micropiles were installed in the soil underneath footings. Factors such as micropile diameter (D), micropile length (L), and number (n) of micropiles were considered as variables in the model tests. The positive effect of grouping micropiles and the confining effect of the ground increased the bearing capacity of a single micropile by about 2.27–2.60 times and 1.10–1.33 times, respectively.
Improved Threat Identification Using Tonemapping of High-Dynamic-Range X-ray Images
Authors: Glover Jack L. , Hudson Lawrence T. , Paulter Nicholas G.
Published: May 2018

Transmission X-ray systems are used to image the contents of suspicious packages, luggage, and cargo. The images can have a dynamic range of 1,000:1 or greater, but are typically displayed on consumer-grade displays with a low-dynamic range of less than 255:1. We show that modern tonemapping algorithms can greatly improve the process of displaying X-ray images on low-dynamic-range displays and compare the performance of some popular algorithms for this purpose.
Nature-Inspired Bridge Scour Countermeasures: Streamlining and Biocementation
Authors: Tao Junliang , Li Junhong , Wang Xiangrong , Bao Ruotian
Published: May 2018

Bridge scour has long been identified as the major cause of bridge failures. Bridge scour refers to the loss of sediment around bridge foundations, and it occurs when the erosive force from the flow exceeds the resistance from the soil. This article presents an experimental study on the effectiveness of two nature-inspired countermeasures for scour control and prevention, namely, streamlining and biocementation. On one hand, inspired by the streamlined form of the boxfish and the blue shark, this study introduced streamlining features (i.e., sloped nose and concaved sidewalls) for bridge piers in order to reduce the erosive forces in the vicinity of the piers. On the other hand, inspired by the natural process of microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) in soil, a polymer-modified MICP method is developed to “cement” the coarse-grained sand in order to increase the erosion resistance. Accordingly, two series of experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of these two countermeasures: (1) based on the numerical results of a pier streamlining optimization study, four small-scale pier models with different streamlining levels were constructed using 3D printing techniques, and flume tests were conducted to characterize the scour process around these models; (2) Ottawa graded sand treated via the polymer-modified MCIP method was tested in the flume to investigate its effectiveness on bridge scour control. The experimental results revealed that both streamlining and biocementation could significantly reduce or even fully prevent the scour around the model bridge piers under the laboratory testing conditions.
Multiscale Measurements of Residual Stress in a Low-Alloy Carbon Steel Weld Clad with IN625 Superalloy
Authors: Benghalia G. , Rahimi S. , Wood J. , Coules H. , Paddea S.
Published: May 2018

Fatigue fracture is one of the major degradation mechanisms in the low-alloy 4330 carbon steel pumps that are utilized in the hydraulic fracturing process operating under cyclic loading conditions. A weld cladding technology has been developed to improve the ability of these components to resist fatigue crack initiation by cladding them with a secondary material. This process introduces a residual stress profile into the component that can be potentially detrimental for fatigue performance. The cladding technology under examination is a low-alloy 4330 carbon steel substrate weld that is clad with the nickel-chromium–based superalloy IN625 and is investigated herein using several experimental residual stress measurement techniques. Understanding the magnitude and distribution of residual stress in weld clad components is of the utmost importance to accurately assess the performance of the component in service. This study summarizes the results of residual stress measurements that were determined using X-ray diffraction, i.e., hole drilling based on electronic speckle pattern interferometry, deep-hole drilling, and the contour method, to obtain the residual stress distributions from the surface of the weld clad, through the clad layer, and into the substrate material. The results of deep-hole drilling and the contour method show large-scale tensile residual stress in the clad layer and compressive residual stress in the majority of the substrate. However, the X-ray diffraction and hole drilling methods indicate the presence of short-scale compressive residual stress on the surface and near the surface of the clad layer. It was shown that these measurement techniques are complementary in assessing the residual stress profile throughout the entire component.
An evolution of stem cell research and therapy in Viet Nam
Authors: Pham Phuc Van , Vu Ngoc Bich , Huynh Oanh Thuy , Truong Mai Thi-Hoang , Pham Truc Le-Buu , Dang Long Thanh , Phan Ngoc Kim
Published: May 2018

Stem cell research and therapy are one of the most attractive studies in the biomedicine. Not only in the bench, nowadays stem cells but also become the bustling industry. In Vietnam, biomedical scientists started to study and apply stem cells since 1995. From that, Vietnamese scientists got some significant achievements in stem cell research and therapy, especially in stem cell therapy for disease treatment. This report aimed to provide an overview of stem cell research and therapy from 1995 to date. Stem cell research activities were collected and analyzed based on the publications, projects about stem cells in some databases including Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase, and national scientific information. The results showed that stem cell research and therapy significantly increased from 2009 to date with more publications about stem cells and more clinical applications. With this growth rate, we hope that Vietnam can develop the stem cell industry and become one the stem cell center in the Asian and the world.
Late-onset Pompe disease: what is the prevalence of limb-girdle muscular weakness presentation?
Authors: Lorenzoni Paulo José , Kay Cláudia Suemi Kamoi , Higashi Nádia Sugano , D'Almeida Vânia , Werneck Lineu Cesar , Scola Rosana Herminia
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Pompe disease is an inherited disease caused by acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) deficiency. A single center observational study aimed at assessing the prevalence of late-onset Pompe disease in a high-risk Brazilian population, using the dried blood spot test to detect GAA deficiency as a main screening tool. Dried blood spots were collected for GAA activity assay from 24 patients with “unexplained” limb-girdle muscular weakness without vacuolar myopathy in their muscle biopsy. Samples with reduced enzyme activity were also investigated for GAA gene mutations. Of the 24 patients with dried blood spots, one patient (4.2%) showed low GAA enzyme activity (NaG/AaGIA: 40.42; %INH: 87.22%). In this patient, genetic analysis confirmed two heterozygous mutations in the GAA gene (c.-32-13T>G/p.Arg854Ter). Our data confirm that clinicians should look for late-onset Pompe disease in patients whose clinical manifestation is an “unexplained” limb-girdle weakness even without vacuolar myopathy in muscle biopsy.
Propentofylline decreases hypothalamic astrogliosis induced by hypercaloric diet in the rat
Authors: Bondan Eduardo Fernandes , Vieira Carolina Cardoso , Martins Maria de Fátima Monteiro , Kirsten Thiago Berti , Bernardi Maria Martha
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Obesity is associated with a chronic and low-grade inflammatory response in the hypothalamus, where astrogliosis occurs with the upregulation of the astrocyte structural protein GFAP. As propentofylline (PPF) has inhibitory effects on astrocyte and microglial activation during inflammation, this study aimed to investigate if this xanthine derivative could decrease the astrocyte reaction induced by a hypercaloric diet (HD). Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: NDS – rats receiving a normocaloric diet (ND) and daily saline solution; NDP – rats receiving ND and daily PPF (12.5 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal route); HDS – rats receiving HD and saline solution, HDP – rats receiving HD and PPF. On the 21st day, rats were anesthetized, and perfused, and brains were collected for GFAP immunohistochemical study in the hypothalamus. Results showed that HD induced increased weight gain and hypothalamic astrogliosis. Propentofylline decreased the expression of GFAP in the HDP group, although it did not affect the weight gain induced by this diet.
Investigation of the cardiovascular risk profile in a south Brazilian city: surveys from 2012 to 2016
Authors: Rissardo Jamir Pitton , Caprara Ana Letícia Fornari , Prado Ana Lucia Cervi , Leite Martim Tobias Bravo
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular risk profile of the participants recruited from stroke awareness campaigns in Santa Maria RS, Brazil, from 2012 to 2016, using the simplified version of the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Questionnaires were used to evaluate 1,061 participants from 20 to 74 years old. Data on cardiovascular risk factors were obtained. The prevalence of risk factors and mean FRS for men and women were estimated. The FRS for women was 11.8% (moderate risk) and 24.7% for men (high risk). The vascular age for women was 61.6 years, whereas the vascular age for men was 66 years. Two percent of women had hypertension and diabetes, while both these risk factors were present in 5% of men. Based on the data, the prevalence of stroke risk factors is worrisome, as are the numbers of individuals with moderate and high cardiovascular risk in Santa Maria.
Pain in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: an update
Authors: Azevedo Helen , Pupe Camila , Pereira Rouse , Nascimento Osvaldo J. M.
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, the most common inherited peripheral neuropathy, has pain as one of its clinical features, yet it remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. This literature review assessed data related to pain from CMT to determine its prevalence, type and importance as a symptom, which, unlike other symptoms, is likely to be treated. The research encompassed 2007 to 2017 and included five articles that addressed pain from CMT. All of the papers concurred that pain is frequently present in CMT patients, yet its classification remains undefined as there has been no consensus in the literature about the mechanisms that cause it.
Amitriptyline and intraoral devices for migraine prevention: a randomized comparative trial
Authors: Bruno Marco A. D. , Krymchantowski Abouch V.
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Objectives: Nonpharmacological treatments, such as the Nociceptive Trigeminal Inhibition Tension Suppression System (NTI-tss), are approved for migraine prophylaxis. We aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the NTI-tss and to compare its efficacy with amitriptyline and with a sham intraoral device in the preventive treatment of migraine. Methods: Consecutive patients with migraine were randomized to receive 25 mg of amitriptyline/day (n = 34), NTI-tss (n = 33) and a non-occlusal splint (n = 30). The headache frequency was evaluated at six and 12 weeks. Results: The amitriptyline group showed, respectively, 60% and 64% reduction in attack frequency at six and 12 weeks (P = 0.000). In the NTI-tss and non-occlusal splint groups, reduction was 39% and 30%, respectively, at six weeks and 48% for both groups at 12 weeks. Conclusions: Amitriptyline proved superior to the NTI-tss and the non-occlusal splint. Despite its approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration, the NTI-tss was not superior to a sham device.
Association between cognitive function and parameters of echocardiography and coronary artery angiography
Authors: Hashemi Mohammad , Jervekani Zahra Teimouri , Mortazavi Shahrzad , Maracy Mohammad Reza , Barekatain Majid
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT We aimed to determine whether there is an association between cognition and the results of echocardiography and angiography, based on neuropsychological assessments. Methods: We assessed the cognition of 85 patients who had recently undergone coronary artery angiography. We calculated the Gensini score for the coronary artery disease index. We also performed echocardiography to find indices of cardiac functioning. Results: The lower left ventricular ejection fraction correlated with lower scores on visuospatial, executive function, processing speed/attention and verbal memory capacities (p ≤ 0.05). A higher Gensini score and left atrial size correlated with lower executive function and processing speed/attention (p ≤ 0.05). In the group of patients with an impaired cognitive state, higher Gensini scores correlated with decreased processing speed/attention (p = 0.01) and the e' index was associated with lower capacity of executive function (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Decreased processing speed/attention and executive function may correlate with cardiac dysfunction and coronary artery disease. The Color Trail Test may be considered for simple screening for cognitive problems in elderly patients with coronary artery disease or diastolic dysfunction.
Development? Thinking the future through a urban-natural perspective
Authors: Silva Harley , Sparn Jakob O. W. , Vieira Renata Guimarães
Published: May 2018

Abstract: This article offers a theoretical discussion on urbanization, nature and development and some of the links and interdependencies that connect these concepts. The focus is on some of the underlying dynamics and issues of our current development project defined as capitalist industrialization. The article illustrates the role of cities for human development and then argues that the relationship between society and nature could be - and indeed already has been - thought from a different perspective. Finally, the article discusses the transition from “campesinato” (peasantry) to traditional communities as product of extensive urbanization, as form of resistance and as potential blueprint for an alternative development and, potentially, for the Lefebvrian urban-utopia.
Uso do projeto robusto para identificação de fatores que contribuem para a intensidade do aspecto de “casca de laranja” em superfície de para-choques pintados
Authors: Souza Bruno de , Santos Adriana de Paula Lacerda , Santos Filho Mauro Lacerda
Published: May 2018

Resumo Mesmo com a evolução considerável das técnicas de pintura automotiva nas últimas décadas, o para-choque é uma autopeça que ainda tem diversos problemas relacionados ao aspecto da sua superfície pintada. O objetivo deste artigo foi identificar os fatores de aplicação do verniz que interferem na intensidade do aspecto de casca de laranja em superfícies de para-choques pintados e propor uma combinação ótima dos fatores através da metodologia do projeto robusto. Na pesquisa realizada no setor de pintura automatizada de uma empresa de para-choques, o projeto robusto auxiliou na identificação das formas de variabilidade do processo de produção através da aplicação de um experimento e de técnicas estatísticas, de forma ágil e com pouco desperdício de material. O experimento testou várias combinações dos níveis dos fatores de aplicação do verniz (velocidade, vazão, rotação por minuto, alta tensão, ar modelador) em amostras de para-choques. A intensidade da casca de laranja em superfícies pintadas de verniz das amostras foi medida pelo equipamento Wave Scan, o qual fornece a leitura do comprimento de onda em função de duas medidas: Short Wave e Long Wave. Os principais resultados obtidos através da análise da variância da razão sinal ruído revelaram que os fatores que têm efeitos significativos no valor resposta do comprimento de onda Short Wave são: rotação por minuto, alta tensão além das interações vazão*alta tensão e velocidade*alta tensão. Já os fatores que afetaram significativamente o valor resposta do comprimento de onda Long Wave são: vazão, ar modelador, rotação por minuto, alta tensão e a interação velocidade*alta tensão. Como resultado da análise das médias do sinal ruído, foi apresentada neste trabalho a combinação ótima dos fatores: velocidade = 920 m/s; vazão = 160 mililitros/minuto; ar modelador = 180 bar; rotação = 90 rotações/minuto; alta tensão = 180 quilovolts.
Gaps in the knowledge and skills of Portuguese mothers associated with newborn health care
Authors: Cardoso Alexandrina Maria Ramos , Marín Heimar de Fátima
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Objectives: assess mothers’ parenting knowledge and skills associated with the parental competence health promotion and monitoring for newborns and infants aged up to six months and determine the key characteristics of mothers who are better prepared for parenting. Method: cross-sectional study conducted in three health centers belonging to a Local Health Unit in the Northern Region of Portugal. Data was collected using clinical interviews conducted with pregnant women or mothers with a child aged up to six months. The tool used contained 21 child health promotion and monitoring indicators associated with different assessment moments: pregnancy, 1st/2nd week, 1st/2nd month, 3rd/4th month, and 5th/6th month. Results: we assessed the knowledge and skills of 629 women. Learning needs were identified for each of the indicators. The mothers who were better prepared for parenting tended to have a higher level of schooling, resided with the child’s father, had other children, had planned pregnancy, and intended to breastfeed. Conclusions: the results showed that knowledge and skills were lacking for each of the periods assessed by this study. First-time single mothers whose pregnancy was unplanned and who did not prepare themselves for parenthood may be considered a vulnerable group.
Spatial pattern and temporal trend of mortality due to tuberculosis
Authors: Queiroz Ana Angélica Rêgo de , Berra Thaís Zamboni , Garcia Maria Concebida da Cunha , Popolin Marcela Paschoal , Belchior Aylana de Souza , Yamamura Mellina , Santos Danielle Talita dos , Arroyo Luiz Henrique , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Objectives: To describe the epidemiological profile of mortality due to tuberculosis (TB), to analyze the spatial pattern of these deaths and to investigate the temporal trend in mortality due to tuberculosis in Northeast Brazil. Methods: An ecological study based on secondary mortality data. Deaths due to TB were included in the study. Descriptive statistics were calculated and gross mortality rates were estimated and smoothed by the Local Empirical Bayesian Method. Prais-Winsten’s regression was used to analyze the temporal trend in the TB mortality coefficients. The Kernel density technique was used to analyze the spatial distribution of TB mortality. Results: Tuberculosis was implicated in 236 deaths. The burden of tuberculosis deaths was higher amongst males, single people and people of mixed ethnicity, and the mean age at death was 51 years. TB deaths were clustered in the East, West and North health districts, and the tuberculosis mortality coefficient remained stable throughout the study period. Conclusions: Analyses of the spatial pattern and temporal trend in mortality revealed that certain areas have higher TB mortality rates, and should therefore be prioritized in public health interventions targeting the disease.
Os EUA, a exportação e a expansão do ensino de Management no Brasil nas décadas de 1950 e 1960
Authors: Alcadipani Rafael , Bertero Carlos Osmar
Published: May 2018

Resumo Estudos a respeito da história do ensino de Administração têm ganhado destaque no campo, recentemente, em nosso país. Neste artigo, discutimos como instituições dos EUA atuaram na exportação e expansão do ensino de Management no Brasil durante os anos de 1950 e 1960. Argumentamos que a representação diplomática dos EUA, a Universidade do Michigan e a Fundação Ford formaram uma rede que possibilitou a exportação e expansão do ensino do Management no País. Este artigo contribui por aprofundar a discussão sobre a exportação e expansão do ensino do Management para o Brasil, e por contextualizar essa ação dentro das relações Brasil-EUA da época. Além disso, mostramos detalhadamente o papel das instituições norte-americanas nesse processo e colocamos ainda a expansão do ensino do Management no Sul e no Nordeste do Brasil como resultado de apoio e pressões por parte dos EUA.
Racionalidades na motivação para a participação cidadã no controle social: uma experiência local brasileira
Authors: Sabioni Marjorie , Ferreira Marco Aurélio Marques , Reis Anderson de Oliveira
Published: May 2018

Resumo Este trabalho visa compreender as motivações e os fatores que condicionam a participação ativa no controle social, contribuindo para a literatura de administração pública num campo que ainda há espaço para ser explorado. Além disso, fornece subsídios para que os atores públicos possam formular ações que visam fortalecer as iniciativas de envolvimento dos cidadãos com a gestão pública, em especial, por meio das organizações da sociedade civil. Para isso, tem como principais abordagens teóricas as racionalidades instrumental e substantiva nas organizações públicas e as motivações para a participação cidadã. A técnica empregada para o exame das informações foi a análise de conteúdo, com base no qual foi elaborado um roteiro para a realização de entrevistas em profundidade com membros de uma ONG que atua ativamente no combate à corrupção municipal. Os principais resultados apontam para a complementaridade das racionalidades no processo motivacional da participação cidadã no controle social. O estímulo à participação emerge do valor concedido ao exercício do controle social, advindo da racionalidade substantiva, ao passo que a racionalidade instrumental apresenta-se como um meio de garantir a eficiência e a eficácia da atuação comunitária dos cidadãos.
The mid-level bureaucrats’ performance: determinants of their activities and work relationships
Authors: Cavalcante Pedro Luiz , Lotta Gabriela Spanghero , Yamada Erika Mayumi Kasai
Published: May 2018

Abstract Although scholars have been investigating bureaucrats for a long time, mid-level bureaucrats (MLB) have been far less studied in the literature. To fill this gap, this article explores MLBs heterogeneity regarding their profile, professional background and, above all, performance. The main goal is to investigate the determinants of bureaucrats’ performance, depicted by two crucial dimensions: the degree of MLBs relationship within public bureaucracy and complexity level of their activities. These skills are valued today with increasing importance in contexts of network governance and bureaucratic responsiveness. First, a descriptive analysis was undertaken of survey data collected in 2014 from federal mid-level bureaucrats in positions filled by appointment. This was followed by formulating synthetic indexes of two dimensions: bureaucrats’ activities and their work relationships. Subsequently, multivariate models were employed to explain the determinants of these dimensions. Empirical results show that the mid-level bureaucrats’ performance is both affected by the government’s structure factors as well as by their own individual characteristics. However, the variables effects vary considerably. The empirical evidence suggests that MLBs tend to be more connected and perform more activities as they hold higher positions filled by appointment, have a higher level of education and capacity to influence decision processes and work directly with policymaking, especially in social policy.
Mecanismos de controle na governança corporativa das empresas estatais: uma comparação entre Brasil e Portugal
Authors: Fontes Filho Joaquim Rubens , Alves Carlos Francisco
Published: May 2018

Resumo Este estudo visa a identificar como mecanismos de controle externo e interno da governança corporativa, tipicamente considerados no setor empresarial privado, são aplicados ou transformados para o setor público nas empresas estatais. A partir de uma revisão do problema de agência e dos mecanismos propostos para sua mitigação no contexto empresarial, este estudo analisa a situação da governança das empresas estatais no Brasil e em Portugal, com vistas a comparar as soluções adotadas nos dois países e as necessidades de desenvolvimento. Além de compartilhar histórias e fundamentos culturais comuns, esses países são caracterizados como ambientes de pouca segurança aos investidores e fragilidade de instrumentos de solução de litígios, por estruturas de propriedade concentradas e por mercados de capitais ainda insuficientes para pressionar o comportamento das empresas, condições que fragilizam os mecanismos de mercado de controle externo e amplificam a influência das peculiaridades das questões internas de governança das estatais. As análises apontam significativas evoluções recentes nas práticas de governança das estatais, mas identificam desafios que ainda precisam ser direcionados.
NARRATIVAS SOBRE O BRINCAR: APROXIMAÇÃO DA EXPERIÊNCIA INFANTIL
Authors: Viana Cássio Vinícius Afonso , Imbrizi Jaquelina Maria , Jurdi Andrea Perosa Saigh
Published: May 2018

Resumo A infância é um tema de interesse nas pesquisas e produções acadêmicas nas ciências humanas e sociais. O que tem sido produzido, então, em relação às definições ou concepções dessa fase da vida? As crianças têm tido voz para dizer quem são elas e o que é ser criança? Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência do projeto de iniciação científica, cuja pesquisa com viés qualitativo se fez por meio de observação participante, produção de diários de campo e elaboração e análise de duas narrativas sobre o brincar com crianças. Observaram-se duas crianças, em meio escolar, em momentos nos quais o pesquisador brincou com cada uma delas. Os resultados encontrados referem-se à questão do trabalho como elemento presente nas preocupações dessas crianças. Quanto à escola, foi possível perceber que ela não oferece espaços propícios para o brincar e a vivência de criatividade e imaginação.
PATERNIDADES ENCARCERADAS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA SOBRE A PATERNIDADE NO CONTEXTO DO CÁRCERE
Authors: Cúnico Sabrina Daiana , Quaini Rhaíssa Paula , Strey Marlene Neves
Published: May 2018

Resumo Este estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a paternidade no contexto do cárcere, a fim de identificar qual o panorama internacional de publicações sobre a temática. A partir da busca em bases de dados internacionais de artigos publicados na íntegra entre 2005 e 2016, identificou-se a coexistência de estudos que compreenderam a paternidade de um modo tradicional, pautada prioritariamente na capacidade de ser provedor, bem como estudos que, sustentados por uma abordagem de gênero, buscaram problematizar os lugares socialmente determinados do pai na família. Considerando as limitações impostas pelos modelos estereotipados e considerando que a prisão reproduz as desigualdades de gênero impostas pela sociedade mais ampla, pontuamos que o estímulo à vivência de uma paternidade mais afetiva e cuidadora pode produzir mudanças não só dentro do contexto do cárcere, mas também no mundo fora das grades.
Influence of a new method of sterilization on the morphology and physical properties of extracted human teeth
Authors: SILVA Daylana Pacheco da , VASCONCELOS Urias Silva , VALENTE Valdimar da Silva , MARTINS Gregório Antônio Soares , MOURA Carmem Dolores Vilarinho Soares de
Published: May 2018

Abstract Introduction Sterilization methods adopted in Human Teeth Bank can promote structural changes in enamel and dentin. Thus, the ideal method should combine the antimicrobial efficacy and preservation of the substrate biomechanical properties. Aim Evaluated the morphology and physical properties of enamel and dentin of extracted human teeth, after being submitted to different sterilization methods. Method Sixteen extracted third molars were sectioned in the following tooth regions: mesio-distal, vestibular-lingual and at the cement enamel junction. Forty specimens were selected according to values of microhardness and roughness initials, and distributed in four experimental groups (n = 10/group): Group 1 = Autoclave 121 °C (30 minutes); Group 2 = 2.5% Sodium hypochlorite (07 days); Group 3 = 5.25% Sodium hypochlorite (07 days); Group 4= 30% Acetic Acid (7 days). After sterilization, the microhardness, roughness and morphology of enamel and dentin were evaluated. Data were analyzed by paired t-test, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Analysis of Variance. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Result All sterilization methods altered the microhardness and roughness of the dentine (p <0.05). Regarding to enamel, the microhardness was affected only by Autoclave and 2.5% Sodium hypochlorite treatment (p <0.05). A large aperture of the enamel pores and dentinal tubules was verified in the micrographs. Conclusion The sterilization methods adopted altered the morphology and/or physical properties of enamel and dentine.
Cibernética e Ficção Científica: uma proposta pedagógica
Authors: Chaves Viviane Hengler Corrêa
Published: May 2018

Resumo A Cibernética, no mundo atual, desperta algumas formulações de ordem conceitual sobre o homem e sobre a sua realidade tecnológica artificial que o transporta para um mundo de condições sobre-humanas, um mundo ficcional. Neste mundo, a Matemática exerce papel relevante, sua lógica e sua precisão são recursos utilizados para tornar os fatos mais convincentes. Grande parte das obras ficcionais pode ser utilizada como material didático para o ensino de variadas ciências, despertando no estudante a curiosidade por temáticas que nem sempre estão disponíveis em conteúdos curriculares, como é o caso da inteligência artificial e da própria Cibernética. Muitas pesquisas acadêmicas bem sucedidas foram influenciadas por obras de ficção científica. Nessa direção, compõe este artigo, um conto de ficção científica, intitulado “Bioboy, o Ciborgue que calculava”, fazendo alusão ao livro de Malba Tahan, “O homem que calculava”. O objetivo do conto é ilustrar os impactos da Cibernética e das ciências decorrentes desta na sociedade.
Probabilidade de Acontecimentos Envolvendo Aspetos Lógicos
Authors: Fernandes José António
Published: May 2018

Resumo Neste artigo estuda-se o conhecimento de Probabilidades de futuros professores dos primeiros anos escolares, quando na formulação dos acontecimentos estão envolvidos aspetos lógicos. Participaram no estudo 46 alunos da Licenciatura em Educação Básica, de uma Universidade do Norte de Portugal, os quais resolveram uma tarefa, com três itens, em contexto de avaliação formal: o primeiro sobre a probabilidade da reunião (conetivo ou), o segundo sobre a probabilidade conjunta (conetivo e) e o terceiro sobre a probabilidade condicionada, em que o acontecimento condicionado é, por sua vez, uma probabilidade conjunta (conetivo e). Em termos dos principais resultados do estudo, verificou-se que os alunos revelaram um desempenho muito limitado, trocando, frequentemente, os conetivos e e ou, a disjunção inclusiva com a disjunção exclusiva e na disjunção consideraram como sendo incompatíveis acontecimentos não disjuntos.
Elementos de uma História de Formação Docente: as memórias de um professor de Matemática
Authors: Gomes Maria Laura Magalhães
Published: May 2018

Resumo Este artigo contempla o livro de memórias de Carlos Galante (1920-2003), professor de Matemática e autor de livros didáticos do estado de São Paulo, que lecionou em diversas instituições públicas e particulares brasileiras por quase 50 anos. O texto principia com considerações de natureza teórico-metodológica acerca dos relatos autobiográficos como fonte de pesquisa. Em seguida, apresentam-se Carlos Galante e suas memórias, que são analisadas segundo três aspectos: formação familiar e escolar inicial do autor, sua vida como estudante do Ginásio do Estado e do curso de Matemática da USP e sua atuação como professor de Matemática. Nos comentários finais, as memórias de Galante são relacionadas a dimensões teórico-metodológicas que orientam a pesquisa com fontes autobiográficas.
Complement activation in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and scleroderma renal crisis: a critical analysis of pathophysiology
Authors: Zuckerman Roman , Asif Arif , Costanzo Eric J. , Vachharajani Tushar
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Scleroderma is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple systems. While pathophysiologic mechanisms governing the development of scleroderma are relatively poorly understood, advances in our understanding of the complement system are clarifying the role of complement pathways in the development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and scleroderma renal crisis. The abundant similarities in their presentation as well as the clinical course are raising the possibility of a common underlying pathogenesis. Recent reports are emphasizing that complement pathways appear to be the unifying link. This article reviews the role of complement system in the development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and scleroderma renal crisis, and calls for heightened awareness to the development of thrombotic angiopathy in patients with scleroderma.
Association between estimated glomerular filtration rate and sodium excretion in urine of African descendants in Brazil: a population-based study
Authors: Santos Elisângela Milhomem dos , Brito Dyego José de Araújo , França Ana Karina da Cunha Teixeira , Lages Joyce Santos , Santos Alcione Miranda dos , Salgado Filho Natalino
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Introduction: Excessive salt intake is a risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objective: To evaluate the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and sodium excretion in urine samples of Brazilians of African ancestry. Methods: Cross-sectional, population-based study of 1,211 Brazilians of African ancestry living in Alcântara City, Maranhão, Brazil. Demographic, nutritional, clinical, and laboratory data were analyzed. The urinary excretion of sodium was estimated using the Kawasaki equation. Calculations of eGFR were based on the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Multivariate linear-regression model was used to identify the relationship between sodium excretion and eGFR. Results: Mean age was 37.5±11.7 years and 52.8% were women. Mean urinary excretion of sodium was 204.6±15.3 mmol/day and eGFR was 111.8±15.3 mL/min/1.73m2. According to multivariate linear regression, GFR was independently correlated with sodium excretion (β=0.11; p<0.001), age (β=-0.67; p<0.001), female sex (β=-0.20; p<0.001), and body mass index (BMI; β=-0.09; p<0.001). Conclusions: The present study showed that age, female sex, BMI, and correlated negatively with eGFR. Sodium excretion was the only variable that showed a positive correlation with eGFR, indicating that high levels of urinary sodium excretion may contribute to hyperfiltration with potentially harmful consequences.
THE CONTEMPORARY RELEVANCE OF FLORESTAN FERNANDES
Authors: Arruda Maria Arminda do Nascimento
Published: May 2018

Abstract The article proposes to rethink the work of Florestan Fernandes at the intersection of the texts on ‘national formation,’ certain analytic references originating from the sociology of culture, and studies of Brazilian social thought. From this perspective, it emphasizes the cultural dimensions of the author’s sociological output, based on his analysis of the constitution of modern values in peripheral societies like Brazil’s. Finally it revisits his contribution through the filter of the crisis of contemporary Brazil, seeking to elucidate questions intrinsic to our own era.
FLORESTAN FERNANDES ENTRE DOIS MUNDOS: ENTREVISTA COM ELIDE RUGAI BASTOS, GABRIEL COHN E MARIZA PEIRANO
Authors: Botelho André , Brasil Jr. Antonio , Hoelz Maurício
Published: May 2018

Resumo Nesta entrevista Elide Rugai Bastos, Gabriel Cohn e Mariza Peirano abordam aspectos da trajetória acadêmica e intelectual de Florestan Fernandes, discutindo especialmente a atualidade da sua obra, seus achados teóricos mais relevantes, bem como suas dimensões políticas e éticas. Assim, por exemplo, esses especialistas revisitam a capacidade de interpelação contemporânea de conceitos como autocracia burguesa, ordem social competitiva e periferia entre outros, bem como discutem os múltiplos relacionamentos entre sociologia e antropologia, história e teoria, centro e periferia, universidade e movimentos sociais, passado e presente na obra do cientista social paulista.
A REVOLUÇÃO BURGUESA
Authors: Santiago Silviano
Published: May 2018

Resumo Neste texto publicado em 1977 e escrito por sugestão do próprio Florestan Fernandes, mas pouco conhecido pela ampla fortuna crítica da obra do sociólogo paulista e praticamente inacessível hoje, Silviano Santiago apresenta leitura original de A revolução burguesa no Brasil. Apreendendo essa obra por prisma ainda hoje inovador e provocador, acentua a recusa de Florestan pela postura eurocêntrica ao rejeitar o raciocínio por conceitos tomados das ciências sociais para adotar o princípio operativo da diferença como força mobilizadora de novo discurso crítico da periferia na periferia. O texto é precedido de uma introdução em que, relendo a resenha 40 anos depois, o autor narra ao leitor contemporâneo seu encontro com Florestan nos Estados Unidos e o início de uma amizade.
Entre o violoncelo e o cavaquinho: música e sujeito popular em Machado de Assis
Authors: Avelar Idelber
Published: May 2018

Resumo O artigo discute a tensão entre a cultura erudita, a emergente cultura popular e a incipiente cultura de massas através de uma análise do estatuto da música na obra de Machado de Assis. Dedicando atenção especial a um conjunto de crônicas sobre o tema e aos contos “Um homem célebre” e “O machete”, o artigo propõe que a obra de Machado foi a primeira reflexão literária sobre a música como cifra privilegiada da nacionalidade.
O deslocamento inaugural de Laços de família
Authors: Gomes Carlos Magno
Published: May 2018

Resumo Este ensaio apresenta uma leitura do espaço da mulher nos contos “Amor” e “Os laços de família”, da coletânea Laços de família (1960), de Clarice Lispector. A partir da ideia de aula inaugural, proposta por Silviano Santiago, analisa-se o deslocamento da mulher para fora da família como uma marca original dessa obra. Tomando como base o conceito de heterotopia, de Michel Foucault, identifica-se a fuga da protagonista como um questionamento da opressão patriarcal. Nos dois contos, temos a mulher em busca de uma heterotopia de sua liberdade.
Mulheres, arte e poder: uma narrativa de contrapoder?
Authors: Macedo Ana Gabriela
Published: May 2018

Resumo Meu objetivo neste artigo é construir sobre o ensaio fundamental de Linda Nochlin, precisamente intitulado “Mulher, Arte e Poder” (1988), em que a autora investiga de forma convincente as relações dessa tríade. Em suas palavras, ela “desembaraça vários discursos sobre as relações de poder existentes nas diferenças de gênero simultaneamente - a superfície tanto quanto o substracto - o discurso da iconografia ou da narrativa”. Proponho estender a análise de Nochlin, de alguma forma a mais, sem deturpar suas premissas, introduzindo uma mudança de foco no debate, da análise da representação de mulheres por artistas do sexo masculino, para o papel da mulher na arte contemporânea, ou seja, da mulher como objeto de representação para a mulher agente e sujeito da representação. Essa situação ganhou, efetivamente, um significado mais amplo a partir do final dos anos 1980. Sugiro, a partir da visualização de algumas imagens, que isso pode ser compreendido no contexto de produção de narrativas de empoderamento das mulheres ou, alternativamente, de criação de narrativas de contrapoder.
A Babel suspeita de Nelson de Oliveira
Authors: Tonus José Leonardo
Published: May 2018

Resumo As fotomontagens realizadas pela artista plástica Tereza Yamashita, inseridas na antologia Babel Babilônia, de Nelson de Oliveira, publicada em 2007, sugerem a presença de um enredo iconográfico que, concomitantemente aos dispositivos paratextuais e ao conjunto das narrativas aqui presentes, vêm apoiar uma reflexão acerca da crise de valores que atravessa nossa sociedade. Estas criam um efeito de redundância que, para além de assegurar a legibilidade discursiva, aponta para a emergência de uma voz autoral compromissada que nos leva a nos interrogar sobre as funções e os limites das relações semântico-pragmáticas existentes entre texto, imagem, intertexto e arquitexto.
Transgredir o gênero: políticas da escritura na literatura hispano-americana atual
Authors: Olmos Ana Cecilia
Published: May 2018

Resumo Esse artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre políticas de escritura da literatura hispanoamericana atual que trabalham nas margens das formas estéticas institucionalizadas, socavando as convenções do gênero literário. Para tanto, analisamos os romances de Mario Bellatin, que se deslocam com irreverência entre a autobiografia e a ficção, e os livros raros que organiza Diamela Eltit, nos quais modela a matéria do testemunho em sintonia com seu universo ficcional. A partir da noção foucaultiana de transgressão, abordamos essas formas estéticas como políticas de escritura que resistem ao encerramento da palavra literária na transparência natural dos limites de gênero.
Promessas antológicas: o conto latino-americano contemporâneo a partir de algumas antologias
Authors: Alves-Bezerra Wilson
Published: May 2018

Resumo O que as antologias contemporâneas de literaturas americanas têm a mostrar sobre as formas de ler, organizar e selecionar a narrativa curta contemporânea da América Latina? Por meio de algumas considerações sobre três antologias do gênero recentemente publicadas - Antologia pan-americana; Os outros: antologia de narrativa argentina contemporânea; Les bonnes nouvelles de l´Amérique latine - serão problematizadas algumas questões relativas ao lugar do mercado, os critérios utilizados pelos antologistas e a vigência de visões calcificadas sobre a produção continental, como o boom literário latino-americano dos anos 1950 e o realismo mágico. Ao comentar os critérios adotados pelas antologias será possível refletir sobre o gênero em nosso contexto atual.
Potential of transmission of Pyricularia graminis-tritici from plant to seed and from seed to seedling in wheat genotypes with different degrees of blast resistance
Authors: Gomes Delineide Pereira , Rocha Valterley Soares , Rocha João Romero do Amaral Santos de Carvalho , Pereira Olinto Liparini , Souza Moacil Alves de
Published: May 2018

Abstract: Transmission studies of Pyricularia graminis-tritici by wheat seed can help establishing pathogen tolerance standards in crops. Four genotypes, each one with different responses to blast, were inoculated with five volumes of fungal suspension (1,5x105 spores.mL-1), in order to obtain 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% of plants inoculated in the experimental unit. The potential of transmission of P. graminis-tritici from plant to seed was evaluated by the incidence of the fungus in the seeds produced. Under controlled conditions, the transmission rate of the fungus from seed to seedling was evaluated. Blast incidence in field allowed a high incidence of P. graminis-tritici in the seeds, especially in the genotypes considered susceptible. The transmission of fungus from the seeds to seedlings occurred 7, 14 and 21 days after sowing, at low rates. There was a relationship between the presence of blast in field and the incidence of P. graminis-tritici in seeds produced by the genotypes BRS 264, VI 98053, CD 116 and CD 104. Inoculation of 5, 10, 20 and 30% of plants with fungus can generate a high incidence of the pathogen in field and in the seeds produced, but it doesn`t guarantee a high transmission rate from seed to seedling, which is low under controlled conditions.