bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A importância da moradia estudantil como espaço de formação integral dos estudantes do ensino técnico na rede federal de educação profissional e tecnológica
Authors: Bessas Zilma Heloisa A F , Costa Emerson de Sousa
Published: August 2024

O ingresso em uma instituição pública federal de ensino é um momento que agrega grande alegria não apenas ao aprovado, mas à família como um todo. Neste período, surgem muitas dúvidas, por exemplo, como e onde morar, já que a realidade para muitos estudantes é sair de casa e até mesmo ter que mudar-se de cidade. Uma opção para esse público, em algumas instituições federais de ensino, é a Moradia Estudantil (ME). Partindo desse pressuposto, o objetivo geral deste trabalho é apresentar o resultado de uma revisão bibliográfica voltada a analisar os trabalhos existentes com a temática de investigação sobre os limites e as potencialidades educacionais desenvolvidas nos estudantes residentes em Moradias Estudantis. E a partir desta pesquisa, relacionar o tema estudado como espaço de formação integral dos estudantes dos Cursos Técnicos Integrados ao Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais Campus Bambuí. A metodologia a ser utilizada constituirá uma pesquisa de investigação bibliográfica, exploratória e descritiva, que tem como objetivo proporcionar maior familiaridade com o tema, com vistas a torná-lo mais explícito. Logo, busca-se verificar como a vivência na ME contribui na formação integral dos estudantes, contemplando sua formação humana e cidadã e avaliar a importância da ME para que possa ser vista ademais de sua função essencial nos Programas de Assistência Estudantil (PAE), além de demonstrar a necessidade e relevância da implantação de Moradias Estudantis em instituições de educação profissional e tecnológica que ainda não a possuam, reconhecendo assim suas potencialidades.
Digital Monitoring of the Environmental Situation of the Baikal Natural Territory
Authors: Bychkov I.V. , Fereferov E.S. , Fedorov R.K.
Published: August 2024

The paper presents the results of research obtained within the framework of a large scientific project "Fundamentals, methods and technologies of digital monitoring and forecasting of the ecological situation of the Baikal natural territory". The project is aimed at creating new methods and technologies for integrated environmental monitoring and forecasting based on digital platforms that collect, store, process, analyze large arrays of heterogeneous spatial and temporal data, as well as a set of mathematical and information models, services and machine learning methods and their validation for the Baikal Natural Territory.
Hierarchical Control Development Environment: Requirements and Cases
Authors: Cherkashin E.A. , Nagul N.V. , Wang Y. , Bychkov I.V.
Published: August 2024

The paper presents an approach to solve the problem of reducing complexity of representing hierarchical control systems of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV), their models and interaction with external objects, as well as hardware in the form of information objects. For this purpose, a specialized environment for research is being developed, including a conceptual model of the subject area in the form of a formalized ontology, a domain specific language (DSL), a translator from this language, a system for transforming the obtained structures into software objects and data objects of other programming systems, thus providing the upper level of the software management.
Usage of Threat Modelling Tools for Implementation of ICT Security Standards in IoT Environments
Authors: Dobrilovic D. , Dragović R.
Published: August 2024

The development of microcontrollers, communication, and sensor technologies resulted with the growing implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) in various environments. The nature of IoT assumes the complexity of the system. The complexity of the system increases the number of system elements and therefore increases the system vulnerabilities. As a result, it is important to find an efficient and easy-to-use methodology for implementing security standards in newly designed IoT systems. This paper introduces the usage of threat modeling tools for modeling IoT systems and identifying the threats for the modeled systems. The identified threats are further embedded in the framework designed to define and enable the implementation of IoT security standards. The framework is demonstrated in the example of a simple IoT system designed for urban pollution, and noise monitoring.
Разработка модели системы газоснабжения на основе открытых данных для исследования живучести
Authors: Еделев А. , Данилов Г. , Башарина О.
Published: August 2024

В данной статье описывается процесс разработки модели системы газоснабжения Европы на основе открытых данных, полученных в Ольденбургском институте сетевых систем энергетики (Германия). Необходимость разработки новых моделей отраслевых систем энергетики в настоящее время диктуется тем, что большинство подходов в области исследований живучести систем энергетики фокусируются на рассмотрении только одной из двух составляющих живучести, адаптации системы к крупным возмущениям или восстановлении производительности системы после крупного возмущения. Такая односторонность исследований приводит к выработке неэффективных стратегий по повышению живучести систем энергетики. Новые модели систем энергетики позволят более реалистично и точно моделировать функционирование этих систем в экстремальных условиях на всём интервале выживания, а не только во время их адаптации или восстановления. В настоящее время с помощью ряда инструментов и технологий ИДСТУ СО РАН построена современная схема газоснабжения Европы, а также осуществляется подготовка данных для расчёта потоков природного газа по построенной структуре системы газоснабжения.
Подход к развертыванию программного обеспечения вычислительного кластера по облачной модели
Authors: Костромин Р.
Published: August 2024

В работе обсуждается модернизация модели управления вычислительным кластером с использованием контейнеризации для расширения возможностей суперкомпьютерного центра. Предлагаемый подход позволяет сохранить традиционные способы управления ресурсами кластера и внедрить новые сценарии использования. Ожидается, что сочетание методов и средств контейнеризации позволит существенно ускорить подготовку и проведение научных исследований, снизить затраты на содержание инфраструктуры и улучшить общую полезную загрузку кластера. Предлагаемая модель разрабатывается с расчетом на привлечение новых исследователей и разработчиков за счет расширения возможностей использования вычислительных ресурсов и внедрения передовых технологий.
Semantic Column Annotation for Russian Tables Using Multilingual BERT Language Model
Authors: Tobola K.V. , Dorodnykh N.O.
Published: August 2024

Tables are widely used for organizing, presenting, and storing data. Automatically extracting information from these tables is challenging as they often have arbitrary and non-uniform layouts. Recent research has demonstrated significant progress in addressing various challenges in automatic table understanding. But, these are often limited to languages such as English. In this paper, we propose a new RuTaBERT framework, based on a pre-trained language model, for semantic annotation of columns in Russian-language tables. We utilized a preprocessed large-scale corpus of Russian-language web tables, extracted from Wikipedia pages, as training data to fine-tune the language model. Experimental results show that RuTaBERT establishes new state-of-the-art performance on new benchmark with additional language for the column type prediction task with micro F1 score of up to 95%.
A Ride on The Current State of Silver Nanoparticles in Health: What is The Next Stop?
Authors: Gil-Korilis Adrián , Ergui-Arbizu Jorge
Published: August 2024

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known for their broad scientific and technological applications, among which those related to their bioactivity stand out the most. Its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antifouling, and biosorption properties have been widely studied and analyzed. Furthermore, numerous strategies are being investigated to overcome the main limitation of AgNPs, their cytotoxicity, such as the development of green chemistry synthesis methods using plant extracts or the use of support materials for controlled release of nanoparticles. However, the methodologies currently used in this line of research limit these nanomaterials from eventually being used in the clinic. It is necessary to implement animal models and interdisciplinary collaboration with biomedical research groups to develop therapies based on AgNPs that may be able to have an impact on the health of patients.
Influence of Art Therapy on Emotional Expression in Trauma Survivors in Turkey
Authors: Aydn Hande
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of art therapy on emotional expression in trauma survivors in Turkey.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: Art therapy has been found to help individuals process and express complex emotions related to their traumatic experiences, providing a non-verbal outlet for emotional release. Participants in these studies reported improved emotional regulation, reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression, and enhanced overall emotional well-being. The creative process facilitated by art therapy allows survivors to explore and articulate their feelings in a safe and supportive environment.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Expressive arts therapy theory, trauma-informed care theory & cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) may be used to anchor future studies on the influence of art therapy on emotional expression in trauma survivors in Turkey. There is a need to expand training programs for art therapists to include specific techniques for working with trauma survivors. Policymakers should advocate for the integration of art therapy into standard trauma care practices in healthcare settings, including hospitals, mental health clinics, and community support programs.
Role of Strategic Leadership in Fostering a Culture of Innovation within Organizations
Authors: Davis Joy
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine role of strategic leadership in fostering a culture of innovation within organizations
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: strategic leadership plays a pivotal role in fostering a culture of innovation within organizations by guiding and shaping the organizational climate and behaviors that support creativity, risk-taking, and adaptation. Through effective strategic leadership, organizations can cultivate an environment where innovation thrives, driven by visionary leadership, alignment of goals with innovation objectives, and empowerment of employees to explore new ideas and solutions. The study highlighted the significance of leadership styles, organizational culture, and contextual factors in influencing innovation outcomes.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Transformational Leadership Theory, Organizational Culture Theory & Resource-Based View (RBV) may be used to anchor future studies on role of strategic leadership in fostering a culture of innovation within organizations. Implement leadership development programs that emphasize the cultivation of innovation-supportive behaviors among current and aspiring leaders. These programs should focus on enhancing skills in vision setting, fostering creativity, promoting psychological safety, and aligning organizational goals with innovation objectives. Establish reward systems that recognize and celebrate innovative efforts and successes within the organization. By incentivizing innovation, leaders can reinforce a culture where risk-taking and experimentation are encouraged, fostering continuous improvement and adaptation. Develop policies that create an environment conducive to innovation, such as flexible work arrangements, dedicated resources for research and development, and cross-functional collaboration initiatives. Policies should be aligned with strategic goals and actively supported by top management to ensure consistent implementation and effectiveness.
PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PENGOLAHAN IKAN ASIN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN UD. MELATI KOTA SIBOLGA
Authors: Sundari Dewi , Ritonga Muhammad Tohir , Irwansyah Irwansyah
Published: August 2024

Pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan  dengan metode  pemberian  pelatihan, pendampingan kepada peserta mengenai cara pengolahan ikan asin  yang lebih efektif sehingga memberikan keuntungan yang lebih banyak sehingga dapat meningkat  pendapatan UD. Melati  dalam mensejahterakan seluruh pegawai yang terlibat dalam pengolahan ikan asin samapai dengan memasarkannya. Adapun Tujuan pelaksanaan PKM yaitu (1) Untuk meningkatkan pengolahan ikan asin  pada  UD. melati (2) Untuk meningkatkan  pengetahuan tentang cara pemasaran ikan asin di dunia pasar (3) Untuk meningkatkan hasil kualitas ikan asin yang lebih bermutu dan efektif kepada seluruh pegawai UD. Melati terutama pemilik usaha Usaha Dagang Melati. Wilayah Lokasi mitra berada di Kota Siboga di Desa Aek Habil Kecamatan Sibolga Sambas. Kegiatan Pelatihan dan worshop dilakasanakan di UD. Melati. Hasil yang diperoleh dari hasil kegiatana PKM yaitu : 1) meningkatnya pengetahuan mengenai Teknik pengolahan ikan asin, (2) Untuk meningkatkan  pengetahuan tentang cara pemasaran ikan asin di dunia pasar (3) meningkatkan hasil kualitas ikan asin yang lebih bermutu dan efektif setelah mendapatkan  pelatihan dan workshop PKM yang . Hasil lain yang diperoleh yaitu meningkatnya pendapatan pemilik UsD. Melatia danTaraf hidup peserta pelatihan.  Luaran/output kegiatan PKM yaitu (1) meningkatnya pengetahuan peserta mengenai materi-materi kegiatan, (2) artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasi pada jurnal OJS (3) publikasi pelaksanaan PKM pada media online.
Thyroid Function Test: A Screening Tool for Diagnosis of Thyroid Diseases: A One-Year Study Conducted at a District Hospital
Authors: Warda Hussain  , Muhammad Usman Sajid  , Nabila Akram  , Muhammad Khalid  , Saba Izhar  , Syeda Luba Hussain
Published: August 2024

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of abnormalities in thyroid function tests among individuals from Gujrat district seeking evaluation at Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital in Gujrat.
Methodology: All specimens tested for Thyroid Function Tests (TFTs) in the hospital laboratory between January 2023 and December 2023 were included in the study. The results of the thyroid function tests were classified into categories of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism based on established criteria. Hypothyroidism was defined as a TSH level above the reference range, typically greater than 4.0 milli-international units per liter (mIU/L). A typical cut-off value for diagnosing hyperthyroidism was a TSH level below the reference range, usually less than 0.4 mIU/L, in conjunction with elevated FT4 and/or T3 levels. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.39 years, The majority of participants were female, accounting for 82.3%, while males constituted 17.7% of the total sample. The most of the cases 62.0% had normal values of thyroid profile, while hypothyroidism cases were found 15.20% and 21.90% cases had hyperthyroidism. Furthermore, the analysis suggests that there is no significant association between types thyroid disorders and age groups (p = 0.156) or gender (p = 0.973).
Conclusion: In conclusion, our analysis of thyroid profiles revealed a higher prevalence of thyroid disorder (Hypothyroidism 15.20% and 21.90% hyperthyroidism) according to a one-year data. Moreover, thyroid is not significantly influenced by age and gender. These results underscore the importance of routine thyroid screening to identify and manage thyroid disorders effectively, irrespective of age or gender.
Upaya Guru dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Tahfidz Al-Qur’an di SMP PK Muhammadiyah Al-Kautsar Kartasura
Authors: Lozada Delia Vialo , Mustofa Triono Ali
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menelaah usaha yang dilaksanakan oleh guru untuk mengembangkan minat belajar mata pelajaran Tahfidz Al-Qur’an di SMP PK Muhammadiyah Al-Kautsar Kartasura. Kemudian, juga mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat terhadap keberhasilan minat belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran Tahfidz Al-Qur’an di SMP PK Muhammadiyah Al-Kautsar Kartasura. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Jenis penelitian yang diterapkan ialah jenis penelitian deskriptif. Jenis penelitian lapangan melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data ini diperloleh dari wawancara kepada siswa kelas VII, VIII, dan IX serta Guru pengampu mata pelajaran Tahfidz Al-Qur’an. Metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawanacara dan dokumentasi. Observasi yang dilaksanakan oleh peneliti secara langsung hadir di SMP PK Muhammadiyah Al-Kautsar Kartasura. Uji ke absahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan teknik triagulasi. Analisis data yang dipakai yaitu hasil kumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitiannya adalah usaha guru dalam mengembangkan minat belajar belajar siswa meliputi penggunaan metode pembelajaran yang beragam, penyediaan sumber belajar yang menarik, pembinaan secara personal, serta kolaborasi dengan orang tua. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa usaha guru dalam meningkatkan minat belajar belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran Tahfidz Al-Qur’an yaitu dengan dilaksanakannya metode untuk mengembangkan keahlian dalam menghafal Al-Qur’an siswa dilaksanakan dengan; 1) Metode Halaqah, 2) Metode Talaqqi, 3) Metode Takrir, 4) pemberian reweard dan punishment, serta 5) muroja’ah dan motivasi. Faktor pendukung upaya guru dalam mengembangkan minat belajar siswa pada keberhasilan menghafal Al-Qur’an adalah; 1) keterampilan dan keahlian guru, 2) metode pembelajaran yang variatif dan inovatif, 3) penggunaan teknologi, dan 4) dukungan orang tua dan keluarga. Adapaun faktor penghambatnya yaitu; 1) terdapat siswa yang belum sempurna bacaan Al-Qur’annya, 2) kurangnya motivasi siswa dalam hafalan Al-Qur’an, 3) tingkat menghafal siswa yang berbeda, dan 4) pengelolaan waktu.
The Needs Analysis for Developing Student Worksheets of Fairytale Appreciation Based on the P-IKADKA Model
Authors: Azzahra Yesi , Apriliya Seni , Alia Dwi
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the needs for developing worksheets in learning to appreciate fairytales based on the P-IKADKA Model in elementary schools. In accordance with this objective, the approach used is descriptive qualitative, data was collected through observation, interviews, documentation studies, and literature study. The findings show that learning to appreciate fairytales has not been fully implemented in an appreciative manner, learning has only been carried out to the understanding stage, not yet to the stage of responding to and assessing the content of fairytales. Apart from that, it was found that the availability of worksheets for fairytale appreciation has not been able to facilitate comprehensive appreciation covering all stages, this is because teachers only refer to source books from the Kemendibudristek. Referring to the problems and needs, it is necessary to develop worksheets for learning fairytale appreciation based on the P-IKADKA model. This learning model was chosen because it was considered appropriate for learning fairytale appreciation. The development of this worksheets aims to facilitate learning to appreciate fairytales, as well as as a tool for teachers to guide students in understanding concepts through the activities contained in the worksheets.
Aplikasi Perbaikan Kualitas Citra Hasil Penginderaan Jauh (Remote Sensing) Dengan Metode Contrast Stretching
Authors: Purba Bister
Published: August 2024

Berbagai jenis pengolahan citra yang dapat dilakukan oleh komputer, seperti perbaikan kualitas citra (image enhancement) merupakan salah satu bidang yang cukup populer hingga saat ini. Penajaman suatu citra sangat diperlukan agar seseorang dapat melihat dan mengamati citra tersebut dengan jelas tanpa adanya halangan sepertiÂ  gangguan dengan menggunakan image enhancement. Suatu citra dapat mengalami ganBerbagai jenis pengolahan citra yang dapat dilakukan oleh komputer, seperti perbaikan kualitas citra (image enhancement) merupakan salah satu bidang yang cukup populer hingga saat ini. Penajaman suatu citra sangat diperlukan agar seseorang dapat melihat dan mengamati citra tersebut dengan jelas tanpa adanya halangan sepertiÂ  gangguan dengan menggunakan image enhancement. Suatu citra dapat mengalami gangguan yang berupa kerusakan pada beberapa bagian/blok pixel pada proses pengiriman/transmisi atau proses penyimpanan. Kerusakan ini adalah bentuk kesalahan yang utama pada suatu citra, misalnya citra hasil penginderaan jauh (remote sensing). Aplikasi perbaikan kualitas citra ini bekerja dengan cara melakukan proses peningkatan kontras citra. Proses peningkatan kontras (grayscale level) dilakukan dengan meningkatkan nilai grayscale dari citra sampel. Contrast stretching adalah teknik untuk mendapatkan citra baru dengan kontras yang lebih baik dari pada kontras citra asalnya. Ide dari contrast stretching adalah untuk meningkatkan range dinamis grayscale pada gambar pada saat pemrosesan berlangsung.Dengan metode ini diharapkan mampu menyelesaikan masalah perbaikan kualitas citra hasil penginderaan jauh (remote sensing). Penelitian ini membahas agar proses yang dilakukan untuk mengimplementasikan proses perbaikan kualitas citra berdasarkan Metode Contrast Stretching maka, dibangun aplikasi dengan menggunakan Microsoft Visual Basic 2008 sebagai editor proses perbaikan kualitas citra hasil penginderaan jauh (remote sensing).proses perbaikan kualitas citra hasil penginderaan jauh (remote sensing).
The Far-INfrarEd Spectrometer for Surface Emissivity (FINESSE) – Part 2: First measurements of the emissivity of water in the far-infrared
Authors: Warwick Laura , Murray Jonathan E. , Brindley Helen
Published: August 2024

Abstract. In this paper, we describe a method for retrieving the surface emissivity of specular surfaces across the wavenumber range of 400–1600 cm−1 using novel radiance measurements of the Far-INfrarEd Spectrometer for Surface Emissivity (FINESSE) instrument. FINESSE is described in detail in Part 1 (Murray et al., 2024) of this paper. We apply the method to two sets of measurements of distilled water. The first set of emissivity retrievals is of distilled water heated above ambient temperature to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio. The second set of emissivity retrievals is of ambient temperate water at a range of viewing angles. In both cases, the observations agree well with calculations based on compiled refractive indices across the mid- and far-infrared. It is found that the reduced contrast between the up- and downwelling radiation in the ambient temperature case degrades the performance of the retrieval. Therefore, a filter is developed to target regions of high contrast, which improves the agreement between the ambient temperature emissivity retrieval and the predicted emissivity. These retrievals are, to the best of our knowledge, the first published simultaneous retrievals of the surface temperature and emissivity of water that extend into the far-infrared and demonstrate a method that can be used and further developed for the in situ retrieval of the emissivity of other surfaces in the field.
Iterative Placement of Decoupling Capacitors using Optimization Algorithms and Machine Learning
Authors: Nezhi Zouhair , Ghafarian Shoaee Nima , Stiemer Marcus
Published: August 2024

Abstract. In this work, an approach for optimum placement of on-board decoupling capacitors (decaps) is presented, which aims at reducing transient noise in power delivery networks (PDNs). This approach is based on a genetic algorithm (GA) and accelerated by the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) as surrogate model to efficiently determine the fitness of a decap design, i.e., of a particular choice for the position and the type of the decaps to integrate in the printed circuit board (PCB). The ANN is trained by a suitable set of reference designs labeled by the impedance at the power pin of the integrated circuit (IC), which is computed by commercial simulation software. Several iterative runs of the GA are performed with an increasing number of decaps to identify a design with the least number of decaps necessary to reduce the distance of the frequency domain input impedance of the considered point-to-point connection from a desired target impedance as far as possible. This approach is successfully applied to generate an optimum decap design for a PDN with 52 possible decap positions and decaps chosen from three types.
Geomorphic analysis and fluvial incision rates from valley-filling lava flows: implications for the Quaternary morphotectonic evolution in the Moroccan Massif Central and Middle Atlas
Authors: Yaaqoub Ahmed , Essaifi Abderrahim , Clementucci Romano , Ballato Paolo , Zayane Rachid , Faccenna Claudio , Pagli Carolina
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Fluvial dynamics is one of the main surface processes that shape the Earth’s topography. Geomorphic records, such as fluvial terraces, play a crucial role in reconstructing the history of landscapes and deciphering the complex interactions among tectonic activity, lithology, and surface processes, which are primarily controlled by climate. This is also valid in valleys characterized by the emplacement of effusive volcanic rocks that are generally more resistant to erosion, and hence have a high preservation potential, and are easier to date than alluvial deposits. Valley-filling volcanic rocks, thus, represent ideal geomorphic markers to estimate the magnitude and the spatio-temporal pattern of fluvial incision and associated forcing mechanisms. In this study, we combine fluvial incision rates on dated lava flows emplaced in the valleys of the Moroccan Massif Central and Middle Atlas with DEM-based geomorphic analysis to gain insights into the Quaternary landscape evolution. The results show that incision rates are in the order of 0.01 and 0.1 mm yr-1 for the Middle Atlas and the Massif Central respectively. This spatial discrepancy in incision rates agrees with geomorphic metrics, with lower rates within the low topographic relief landscape and higher rates (up to one order of magnitude) along its margins that are highly dissected by fluvial incision. The comparison between our data and published incision rates in the northeastern flank of the Middle Atlas suggests that the eastern flank of the Middle Atlas accommodates active tectonic shortening. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that lithology and climate may not be the primary factors controlling the observed spatial variation in incision rates between the Middle Atlas and the Massif Central. Instead, surface uplift, which is probably related to forebulge flexural uplift enhanced by dynamic mantle-related uplift, could have triggered relatively high incision rates in the Massif Central. Ultimately, we conclude that a significant proportion of the topographic relief in our study area has been generated before the lava emplacement (i.e., earlier than 2.85 Ma).
Variations in vegetation evapotranspiration affect water yield in high-altitude areas
Authors: Jiao Yinying , Zhu Guofeng , Qiu Dongdong , Lu Siyu , Meng Gaojia , Li Rui , Wang Qinqin , Chen Longhu , Li Wentong
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Global mountains and plateaus are the main water-producing areas on land. However, under the influence of climate change, the distribution of vegetation and the way water is utilized in these areas have undergone significant changes. As such, understanding the effects of evapotranspiration from high-altitude vegetation on precipitation and runoff is vital in addressing the uncertainties and challenges posed by climate change. Between 2018 and 2022, we conducted research in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, collecting data on precipitation, soil water, and Picea crassifolia xylem water to quantify the impact of vegetation transpiration and recirculated water vapor on precipitation. Our findings indicate that transpiration from vegetation accounts for the largest share of evapotranspiration within the entire forest ecosystem, averaging 57 %. Therefore, vegetation transpiration is the decisive factor in determining the water yield of inland high-altitude areas. The average contribution of local evapotranspiration to precipitation reaches 28 %, making it the main driver behind the increase in precipitation at high altitudes. The warming of global temperatures and human activities are likely to induce shifts in the distribution areas and evapotranspiration regimes of alpine vegetation, potentially altering water resource patterns in the basin. It is necessary to actively adapt to the changes in water resources in the inland river basin.
Developments on a 22GHz Microwave Radiometer and Reprocessing of 13-Year Time Series for Water Vapour Studies
Authors: Bell Alistair , Sauvageat Eric , Stober Gunter , Hocke Klemens , Murk Axel
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Long-term observations of water vapour in the middle atmosphere are important for climate studies and predictions, chemical and dynamical process studies, as well as modelling certain weather events with implications for surface conditions. Measurements from an instrument making middle atmosphere water vapour observations near Bern, Switzerland- named MIAWARA- have been completely reprocessed since 2010. This has comprised of a new calibration which has been integrated into the framework for the calibration of other University of Bern radiometers, and a new retrieval algorithm. The installation of a new spectrometer on the instrument has also allowed the comparison and correction of past observations. We present these corrected measurements and their subsequent analysis against data from Aura MLS. The comparison shows that the corrected spectra yield more consistent values of water vapour mixing ratio between MIAWARA and Aura MLS, with a lower standard deviation of differences at all heights, and a reduced bias between the two instruments at pressure (height) levels below (above) 0.3 hPa.
Climate variability off Africa’s southern Cape over the past 260, 000 years
Authors: Purcell Karl , Simon Margit H. , Pryor Ellie J. , Armitage Simon J. , van der Lubbe Jeroen , Jansen Eystein
Published: August 2024

Abstract. During the late Quaternary the past climatic conditions of southern South Africa underwent fluctuations, influenced by various climatic factors, such as the impacts of both the Indian and Atlantic Oceans, as well as the effects of the southeasterly trade winds and Southern Hemisphere Westerlies (SHW), influenced by changes in orbital parameters. At the same time, this region exhibits some of the most abundant Middle Stone Age (MSA) archaeological sites containing records of Homo sapiens behavioural and technological evolution. Consequently, there is a pressing need for precise climatic reconstructions that can provide climate constraints during the MSA in this area. However, there is a lack of continuous high-resolution climate records covering the majority of the MSA, which spans from ~300 to ~60 ka. In this study, we present data obtained from a marine sediment core (MD20-3592) that spans approximately the last 260,000 (from m8 to 1) aiming to expand the spatial and temporal coverage of available climate archives. This marine sediment core documents both terrestrial and ocean hydroclimate variability because it is strategically positioned close to the South African coastline receiving terrestrial sediments via riverine input as well as being located under the marine influence of the Agulhas Current at the same time. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning, calibrated with discrete samples analyzed by XRF spectroscopy, was used to determine the variability of the bulk elemental composition of the core over time. Principal component analysis was performed to facilitate the interpretation of the data. Statistical analyses including frequency analysis, gaussian filtering, and wavelet analysis reveal that the regional hydroclimate was affected mostly by local insolation changes caused by orbital precession, and high latitude forcing that varies on timescales associated with orbital obliquity and eccentricity. Increased fluvial input was associated with a high precession index, during times of high local insolation, due to the effects of precession on local convergence and seasonal rainfall. Comparison with regional climate archives confirmed the dominant influence of precession on precipitation in southern South Africa. On glacial-interglacial timescales, lower precipitation observed during glacial intervals could be explained by a northward shift of the Southern Hemisphere Westerlies (SHW) and South Indian Ocean convergence zone (SIOCZ). Finally, the data from core MD20-3592 can provide a climatic context for the appearance of behavioral complexity in South Africa between ~ 120 ka and ~ 50 ka. Humid conditions in the river catchments going through the south coast and south-east coast of South Africa were present at approximately 117 ka, 93 ka, and 72 ka, alternating with dry conditions at approximately 105 ka, 83 ka, and 60–50 ka.
ShellSet v1.1.0 parallel dynamic neotectonic modelling: a case study using Earth5-049
Authors: May Jon B. , Bird Peter , Carafa Michele M. C.
Published: August 2024

Abstract. We present a parallel combination of existing, well-known and robust software used in modelling the neotectonics of planetary lithosphere, which we call ShellSet. An added parallel framework allows multiple models to be run at the same time with varied input parameters. Additionally, we have included a grid search option to automatically generate models within a given parameter space. ShellSet offers significant advantages over the original programs through its simplicity, efficiency and speed. We demonstrate the performance improvement obtained by ShellSet's parallel framework by presenting timing and speedup information for a parallel grid search, varying the number of processes and models, on both a typical computer and a high-performance computing cluster node. A possible use case for ShellSet is shown using two examples in which we improve on an existing global model. In the first example we improve the model using the same data, and in the second example we further improve the model through the addition of a new scoring dataset. The necessary ShellSet program version along with all the required input and post-processing files needed to recreate the results presented in this article are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7986808 (May et al., 2023).
FINAM – is not a model (v1.0): a new Python-based model coupling framework
Authors: Müller Sebastian , Lange Martin , Fischer Thomas , König Sara , Kelbling Matthias , Leal Rojas Jeisson Javier , Thober Stephan
Published: August 2024

Abstract. In this study, we present a new coupling framework named FINAM (short for "FINAM Is Not A Model"). FINAM is designed to facilitate the coupling of independently developed source codes and enable seamless model extensions by wrapping existing models into components with well-specified interfaces. Positioned between a coupling library and a full-fledged framework, FINAM allows users to couple preexisting wrapped models or to build models from scratch using its components. The primary goal of FINAM is to leverage the power of Python, facilitating rapid prototyping and ease of use for complex workflows while offloading computationally intensive parts to native models. FINAM supports bidirectional coupling of spatial models, enabling fast in-memory data exchange, and provides a consistent interface for flexible coupling. The main assumption for a successful coupling is that every model operates with a time loop at its core. This design of FINAM allows for straightforward model extensions written in Python without altering the original model source code. Python's robust interoperability features further enhance FINAM's capabilities, allowing interfaces with various programming languages including Fortran, C, C++, Rust, and others. This paper describes the main principles and modules of FINAM and presents example workflows to demonstrate its features. These examples range from simple toy models to well-established models like OpenGeoSys and Bodium covering features like bidirectional dependencies, complex model coupling, and spatio-temporal regridding.
Numerical investigations on the modelling of ultrafine particles in SSH-aerosol-v1.3a: size resolution and redistribution
Authors: Jacquot Oscar , Sartelet Karine
Published: August 2024

Abstract. As the health impact of ultrafine particles is getting better understood, modelling the size distribution and the number concentration with chemistry transport models becomes an increasingly important matter. The number concentrations is strongly affected by processes linked to aerosol dynamics: coagulation, condensation and gas/particle phase partitioning, nucleation. Coagulation is usually solved using an Eulerian approach, using a fixed diameter size discretization. In opposition, condensation/evaporation is rather solved using a Lagrangian approach, requiring redistribution of particles on the fixed grid size. Here, a new analytic formulation is presented to compute efficiently coagulation partition coefficients, allowing to dynamically adjust the discretization of the coagulation operator to the Lagrangian size mesh evolution, and therefore solve all the processes linked to aerosol dynamics with a Lagrangian approach, avoiding the redistribution on the fixed size grid. This new approach has the advantage of reducing the numerical diffusion introduced by condensation. The significance of these effects on number concentrations is assessed over Greater Paris with the chemistry transport model Polyphemus/Polair3D coupled to the aerosol model SSH-aerosol, using different size resolution of the particle distribution.
Robust multi-objective optimization under multiple uncertainties using the CM-ROPAR approach: case study of water resources allocation in the Huaihe River basin
Authors: Zhang Jitao , Solomatine Dimitri , Dong Zengchuan
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Water resources managers need to make decisions in a constantly changing environment because the data relating to water resources are uncertain and imprecise. The Robust Optimization and Probabilistic Analysis of Robustness (ROPAR) algorithm is a well-suited tool for dealing with uncertainty. Still, the failure to consider multiple uncertainties and multi-objective robustness hinders the application of the ROPAR algorithm to practical problems. This paper proposes a robust optimization and robustness probabilistic analysis method that considers numerous uncertainties and multi-objective robustness for robust water resources allocation under uncertainty. The copula function is introduced for analyzing the probabilities of different scenarios. The robustness with respect to the two objective functions is analyzed separately, and the Pareto frontier of robustness is generated. The relationship between the robustness with respect to the two objective functions is used to evaluate water resources management strategies. Use of the method is illustrated in a case study of water resources allocation in the Huaihe River basin. The results demonstrate that the method opens a possibility for water managers to make more informed uncertainty-aware decisions.
Statistical and neural network assessment of climatological features of fog and mist at Pula airport in Croatia: from local to synoptic scale
Authors: Zoldoš Marko , Džoić Tomislav , Jurković Jadran , Matić Frano , Jambrošić Sandra , Ljuština Ivan , Telišman Prtenjak Maja
Published: August 2024

Abstract. A study was conducted on the climatological characteristics of fog and mist at Pula Airport in the northeastern Adriatic, using statistical and machine learning approaches. The study utilized meteorological data from Pula Airport, along with satellite sea surface temperature (SST) data from two coastal areas west and east of the airport, to gain insights into the influence of sea temperature on fog formation. To identify weather patterns associated with the occurrence of fog and mist, wind and mean sea-level pressure (MSLP) data from the ERA5 reanalysis were analyzed using Growing Neural Gas (GNG), a machine learning method. A notable finding was a declining trend in the frequency of fog and mist at the airport, which can be linked to the results of the GNG analysis of the ERA5 data. This analysis showed a decrease in synoptic patterns favorable for fog and mist. Fog occurs mainly between October and March and is primarily associated with weak easterly and northeasterly winds. Additionally, fog is more likely to occur when the sea surface temperature is higher than the air temperature. Mist has similar characteristics to fog, although it is more likely to occur with easterly winds.
Novel approach to estimate the water isotope diffusion length in deep ice cores with an application to Marine Isotope Stage 19 in the Dome C ice core
Authors: Shaw Fyntan , Dolman Andrew M. , Kunz Torben , Gkinis Vasileios , Laepple Thomas
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Accurate estimates of water isotope diffusion lengths are crucial when reconstructing and interpreting water isotope records from ice cores. This is especially true in the deepest, oldest sections of deep ice cores, where thermally enhanced diffusive processes have acted over millennia on extremely thinned ice. Previous statistical estimation methods, used with great success in shallower, younger ice cores, falter when applied to these deep sections, as they fail to account for the statistics of the climate on millennial timescales. Here, we present a new method to estimate the diffusion length from water isotope data and apply it to the Marine Isotope Stage 19 (MIS 19) interglacial at the bottom of the EPICA Dome C (EDC, Dome Concordia) ice core. In contrast to the conventional estimator, our method uses other interglacial periods taken from further up in the ice core to estimate the structure of the variability before diffusion. Through use of a Bayesian framework, we are able to constrain our fit while propagating the uncertainty in our assumptions. We estimate a diffusion length of 31±5 cm for the MIS 19 period, which is significantly smaller than previously estimated (40–60 cm). Similar results were obtained for each interglacial used to represent the undiffused climate signal, demonstrating the robustness of our estimate. Our result suggests better preservation of the climate signal at the bottom of EDC and likely other deep ice cores, offering greater potentially recoverable temporal resolution and improved reconstructions through deconvolution.
Toward long-term monitoring of regional permafrost thaw with satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar
Authors: Sadeghi Chorsi Taha , Meyer Franz J. , Dixon Timothy H.
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Active-layer thickness (ALT) is estimated for a study area in northern Alaska's continuous-permafrost zone using satellite data from Sentinel-1 (radar) and ICESat-2 (lidar) for the period 2017 to 2022. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferograms were generated using the Short Baseline Subset (SBAS) approach. Displacement time series over the thaw season (June–September) are fit well with a linear model (root mean square error (RMSE) scatter is less than 7 mm) and show maximum seasonal subsidence of 20–60 mm. ICESat-2 products were used to validate the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) displacement time series. ALT was estimated from measured subsidence using a widely used model exploiting the volume difference between ice and water, reaching a maximum depth in our study area of 1.5 m. Estimated ALT is in good agreement with in situ and other remotely sensed data but is sensitive to assumed thaw season onset, indicating the need for reliable surface temperature data. Our results suggest the feasibility of long-term permafrost monitoring with satellite InSAR. However, the C-band (∼55 mm center wavelength) Sentinel radar is sensitive to vegetation cover and, in our studies, was not successful for similar monitoring in the heavily treed discontinuous-permafrost zone of central Alaska.
Uncertainty quantification of structural blade parameters for the aeroelastic damping of wind turbines: a code-to-code comparison
Authors: Verdonck Hendrik , Hach Oliver , Polman Jelmer D. , Schramm Otto , Balzani Claudio , Müller Sarah , Rieke Johannes
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is a well-established category of methods to estimate the effect of parameter variations on a quantity of interest based on a solid mathematical foundation. In the wind energy field most UQ studies focus on the sensitivity of turbine loads. This article presents a framework, wrapped around a modern Python UQ library, to analyze the impact of uncertain turbine properties on aeroelastic stability. The UQ methodology applies a polynomial chaos expansion surrogate model. A comparison is made between different wind turbine simulation tools on the engineering model level (alaska/Wind, Bladed, HAWC2/HAWCStab2, and Simpack). Two case studies are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method to analyze the sensitivity of the aeroelastic damping of an unstable turbine mode to variations of structural blade cross-section parameters. The code-to-code comparison shows good agreement between the simulation tools for the reference model, but also significant differences in the sensitivities.