bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ideas of Sheikh Isma’il Idris Bin Zakariyya: Legacy for Progressive Contemporary Islamic Movement
Authors: Suleiman Ibrahim
Published: April 2020

This paper discussed the role and ideas of Sheikh Isma’il Idris in religionand politics in Nigeria. It is very paramount that Islamic scholars are considered to be relevant in modelling the minds of Muslims Ummah towards participation in politics and electoral process. Therefore, this article highlights the major contributions made by this Islamic scholar and outlines his role in terms of revivalism during his life-time and beyond. This is accomplished by investigating his major works and his teachings especially in shaping participation in political circle so as to ensure that Muslims are participated in the political and electoral process in Nigeria. In his political thought, Sheikh Idris believed strongly in Muslim’s participation in politics and governance as against the otherviewsof anti-democratic arguments. His major concern is to encourage Muslims Ummah particularly the youths to participate in government activities in order to protect the interest of their religion considering the diverse nature of the country. Hence, assessing his role and ideas will significantly improve our understanding of Islamization movement towards determining social reality, justice and equity along Islamic ethics and values.
Interest-Free Treasury Bonds (IFTB): Islamic Finance and Legal Clarifications
Authors: Bidabad Bijan
Published: April 2020

Purpose: Although the treasury bill is the essential monetary instrument in central banking operations, its application in Islamic banking is not legitimate because it involves usury. This implies that the system cannot apply monetary and fiscal policies. To remove this obstacle “Interest-Free Treasury Bond” (IFTB) is introduced as a substitute for conventional treasury bills.

Design: IFTB is a valuable paper which is issued by government treasury through a barter contract and is sold to central or commercial banks. The issuer is a debtor to the holder, and has to pay back the nominal value at maturity to the holder; in addition, the issuer is committed to lending a similar amount of money to the paper holder for an equal period. The Shariah and legal background of IFTB is explained through new contract types of “time-barter contract” and “time-loan contract”.

Finding: IFTB is a zero-coupon, asset-backed note with no interest and is designed upon “debt equal to future loan”, or “loan equal to future debt” with “time-withdrawal right”. The paper holder can supply and transact her bond in the secondary market at a competitive price.

Practical Implication: It can be used as a substitute for conventional treasury bills. All traditional and non-usury systems can implement IFTB.

JEL: E43, E44, E52, E58, E62, E63
Leveraging Customers Loyalty in Telecommunication Industry: The Role of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction a PLS Approach
Authors: Palladan Ahmad Aliyu , Adamu Ahmad Muhammad
Published: April 2020

This study examines the moderating effect of customer satisfaction on the relationships between service quality dimensions and customer loyalty in mobile telecommunication industry in Nigeria. The study employed SmartPLS3 software for the analysis and hypotheses testing. The results of the study reveal that assurance, empathy, reliability and tangibility are positively related to customer’s loyalty. In addition, customer satisfaction had been found to moderate the relationship between customer loyalty and the five SERVQUAL dimensions with the exception of responsiveness and tangibility. Relationship between responsiveness and customer’s loyalty has been found to be negative. Finally, the study proposed some recommendations and implication for the study.
Estimating Lorenz Curve for Iran by Using Continuous L1 Norm Estimation
Authors: Bidabad Bijan
Published: April 2020

In this paper, the L1 norm of continuous functions and corresponding continuous estimation of regression parameters are defined. The continuous L1 norm estimation problem of one and two parameters linear models in the continuous case are solved. We proceed to use the functional form and parameters of the probability distribution function of income to exactly determine the L1 norm approximation of the corresponding Lorenz curve of the statistical population under consideration. Iran family budget data were used to estimate income distribution for the period of 1362-1370.
Money Politics: The Problem of Good Governance in Ese-Odo Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Tolo David , Abolarin Oluwakemi Ibidapo
Published: April 2020

This study examined critically how money and gifts have been used to influence the electorates during elections in Ese-Odo Local Government Area of Ondo State. Politicians in Nigerian society, especially in Ese-Odo LGA seem to have their ways in forcing themselves into seat of power by manipulating the thought of the electorates thereby engaging them into vote-buying and vote-selling. The population for study consisted of 213600 citizens. The sample consisted of four hundred (400) respondents. Three research questions were raised for the purpose of the study. The data that were retrieved from the respondents were three hundred and ninety-eight. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data and one hypothesis was also tested. The study found out that using money and other gifts by the politicians to influence the electorates is one of the major reasons for bad governance in Ese-Odo LGA. The study concluded that money politics has brought a great setback to democracy and has hampered the development of the masses and that of the society at large. The study, there for, recommended that for there to be free and fair elections in the society, the electorates must be enlightened on the civic rights of the electorates so as not to get involved in money politics. This will enable the electorates to vote for any political aspirant of their choice. Electoral laws should be strictly adhered to, and any electoral officer who is involved in using the period of elections as a means of extorting money from the political contestants should be dealt with. However, any political member who is caught in the act of vote-buying should be severely punished according to electoral laws. By doing this, the masses will be able to secure their well-being and that of the generations yet to come for sustainable development.
Impact of Monetary Policy on Small Scale Enterprises Financing in Nigeria
Authors: Kolawole Ebire
Published: April 2020

Small and Medium Scale Enterprises play vital roles in the economy which are usually instrumental in achieving macroeconomic goals. This has attracted the attention of monetary authorities to institute policiesto boostconducive environment for SMEs to thrive. This study therefore empirically investigates the impact of monetary policy on SMEs financing in Nigeria spanning from the first quarter of 1992 to the last quarter of 2016. The time series data were subjected to unit root test to ascertain the stationarity of the variables and thereafter, cointegration and Error Correction Model (ECM) technique were used for the analysis. The residuals of the analysis were further subjected to various diagnostics tests. The result revealed that interest rate has a positive and significant impact on the SMEs financing in Nigeria. On the other hand, inflation rate was found to have a significant but negative impact on SMEs financing in Nigeria. Money supply and exchange rate were found to be insignificant in impactingSMEs financing. Based on this finding, the study recommends that, monetary authorities should give special attention to SMEs in specific sectors by creating special windows through various financial institutions to grant low interest rate so as to grant SMEs access to funds.This will boost business growth and consequently achieve macroeconomic goals.
Family Business Formalization in South Eastern Nigeria: The Role of Intra-Industry Network
Authors: Agbim Kenneth Chukwujioke
Published: April 2020

In most developing countries, majority of the family businesses are started with the support of networks on a small scale in the informal sector because the families and entrepreneurs are poor. Moreover, in areas where they are actively involved in networks, the benefits of such network relationships are rarely harnessed. In South Eastern Nigeria, the state of informality among family businesses has become a source of worry to both the State governments and owner-managers of family businesses. This is coming on the heels of the country’s economic recession and the need for the governments to increase their internally generated revenue. And the quest by the family business owner-managers to evade tax so as to increase their income. This is evident from the increasing number of family businesses that are operating outside government system of regulation in the zone. Based on these scenarios this study seeks to assess the effect of intra-industry network on family business formalization in South Eastern Nigeria. Survey design was adopted for the study. The study data were generated through questionnaire and analyzed using linear regression. The results show that intra-industry network significantly and positively affect family business formalization. The researcher recommends encouraging family business owner-managers to be interconnected with other founder/CEOs or descendant/CEOs and family firm employees within the same industry for the mutual benefit of acquiring and sharing information and knowledge that will facilitate the formalization process of their family businesses.
COMPONENTES DEL CONTROL INTERNO EN PEQUEÑAS Y MEDIANAS EMPRESAS
Authors: Rojas-Salvatierra Wellington , Chiriboga-Mendoza Marola , Pacheco-Vergara Javier
Published: April 2020

El control interno ha venido potenciando su importancia en las organizaciones que tienen la necesidad de controlar sus pertenencias y las del grupo que integran las entidades. Los cambios estructurales y tipológicos de las empresas han ocasionado que se generen nuevas medidas y estrategias para adaptarse a las necesidades del medio. Un sistema de control interno abarca aquellos aspectos que se relacionan directamente con la función de los departamentos de contabilidad y finanzas para incluir el control de presupuestos, costos estándar, reportes periódicos relacionados con las operaciones y análisis estadísticos. Por lo tanto, la implantación del control interno se realiza mediante un sistema integrado que involucra diversos aspectos, tales como: principios, normativas, procedimientos y metodologías. Este manuscrito tiene como objeto revisar la literatura referente al control interno aplicado en pequeñas y medianas empresas. Aspectos importantes en la definición del control interno refieren que, a efecto de las pymes, el control interno se basa en un procedimiento ejecutado por personas a partir de la implantación de procedimientos estandarizados que contribuyen con la consecución de los objetivos empresariales.

Palabras clave: control financiero, pyme, principios, estructura empresarial.
PLANIFICACIÓN ESTRATÉGICA CORPORATIVA EN PYMES. CASO DE ESTUDIO DE UNA PYME EN MANTA, ECUADOR
Authors: Maldonado-Escandón Andrea , Patiño-Patiño Silvia , Chiriboga-Mendoza Fidel
Published: April 2020

La planificación es una herramienta administrativa que permite proyectarse al futuro a través de objetivos y estrategias en una organización. Por los diversos cambios que surgen ya sean estos por efecto político, tecnológico, social o económico es fundamental que la administración se encuentre preparada para responder a estos factores. En el presente trabajo de investigación se analiza el caso de una empresa dedicada a la compra y venta de materiales, suministros eléctricos al por menor, por lo cual este proyecto de investigación mantiene como objetivo conocer la gestión financiera con respecto a la planificación estratégica corporativa, evaluando el entorno, riesgos y oportunidades a través de la aplicación de una herramienta estratégica que permita optimizar los recursos que posee la entidad. Entre los métodos de investigación aplicados son deductivo, cualitativo y cuantitativo, mientras que las técnicas utilizadas se basaron en observación, encuesta y entrevista. Este documento se ha realizado a partir de un enfoque integrador que considere la percepción de los trabajadores, así como del máximo representante de la empresa, para de esta forma analizar el contexto situacional de la pyme y determinar la importancia de la planificación estratégica.

Palabras clave: gestión financiera, planificación estratégica, corporación, estrategia.
Le Corbusier et le problème du vêtement. De quoi “rhabiller” la théorie
Authors: Félix-Fromentin C.
Published: April 2020

A finales de la década de 1920, Le Corbusier mostró un interés por la vestimenta moderna femenina, hasta el punto de proclamar que de la revolución vestimentaria dependía la revolución de la arquitectura. Esta afirmación causa sorpresa, porque las teorías de la arquitectura moderna y el diseño han rechazado o soslayado la cuestión vestimentaria. Por lo demás, la idea de Le Corbusier ha sido considerada ambigua. ¿Cómo, por qué, en pleno avance industrial, en la era de la máquina, basar la arquitectura en la vestimenta ?  Sus escritos diversos sobre la cuestión, desde los años 1910 hasta la década de 1940, permiten apreciar dos puntos de vista opuestos que se hacen eco de las controversias y de las divergencias ideológicas características de esa época: estándar contra individualidad, teoría protética contra teoría rítmica. Es así como, concentrándonos en un diseño de vestimenta que esbozó en los años cincuenta, ponemos de manifiesto su posición positivamente paradójica y en qué medida esta es adecuada para «revestir» la teoría –su teoría–, así como ciertas teorías que le convocan.
Le Corbusier, nature, homme et architecture
Authors: Torres Cueco J.
Published: April 2020

Esta introducción pretende acercar al lector al pensamiento de Le Corbusier de la mitad de los años cincuenta, en un momento creativo de gran intensidad, representado por el Poème de l’Angle Droit, y recogido de forma sintética en “Tout arrive enfin à la mer….”.  Escrito inicialmente en 1954, en el curso de un vuelo entre Bombay y París, como una aportación a las publicaciones del Institut de l’Avenir Humain, una institución destinada al estudio de los problemas del hombre en la sociedad del momento, bajo el influjo del pensamiento de Teilhard de Chardin. En este artículo refleja sus reflexiones sobre la transformación del mundo ante los nuevos medios de comunicación y especialmente el avión; sobre la humanidad y su relación con la naturaleza y las leyes cósmicas, simbolizadas en sus dibujos del estuario del río Indo que acompañaron este texto; su compromiso artístico frente a los adversarios del progreso cultural; y sus preocupaciones por las amenazas de la guerra fría y de los conflictos bélicos de la década de los cincuenta, a los que contrapone con la imagen de la Mano Abierta, que lo acompañará hasta el final de su vida.
Los recordatorios de los desaparecidos durante la última dictadura argentina (1976-1983): análisis crítico del género
Authors: Mazur Geinses Graciela
Published: April 2020

Neste artigo, analisa-se um gênero discursivo surgido aproximadamente no ano 1988: o recordatório de desaparecido durante a última ditadura argentina (1976-1983). Utiliza-se a abordagem apresentada por Meurer (2005), que analisa o gênero desde as categorias propostas por Fairclough (1992) para a Análise Crítica do Discurso. O recordatório de desaparecidos é um gênero híbrido, pois possui algumas das características de vários gêneros discursivos. Estes são, em primeiro lugar, aqueles tradicionalmente relacionados à circunstância da morte e, em segundo lugar, , o que poderíamos chamar "gêneros da memória", associados à memória das vítimas do terrorismo de Estado; além disso, apresentam a busca de informações sobre o paradeiro de pessoas, fora do contexto de uma ditadura. A análise realizada aqui enfoca especialmente nos recordatórios que Estela Barnes de Carlotto, presidente da Associação “Avós da Plaza de Mayo”, escreveu para sua filha Laura Carlotto, detida-desaparecida durante o último governo militar na Argentina.
Morphological and molecular identification of Phlebia wuliangshanensis sp. nov. in China
Authors: Huang Ruo-Xia , Luo Kai-Yue , Ma Rui-Xin , Zhao Chang-Lin
Published: April 2020

A new white-rot fungus, Phlebia wuliangshanensis, is proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. The species is characterized by an annual growth habit, resupinate basidiocarps with a smooth to tuberculate hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal
system with thin- to thick-walled generative hyphae bearing simple septa, presence of cystidia, and narrow ellipsoid to ellipsoid basidiospores (5–6 × 3–3.7 μm). Our phylogenetic analyses of ITS and LSU nrRNA sequences performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony,
and Bayesian inference methods support P. wuliangshanensis within a phlebioid clade in Meruliaceae (Polyporales). ITS+nLSU sequence analyses of additional Phlebia taxa strongly support P. wuliangshanensis within a monophyletic lineage grouped with
P. chrysocreas and P. uda .
Three Rinodina species new to China
Authors: Zheng Xiao-Jia , Ren Qiang
Published: April 2020

Rinodina ascociscana, R. subminuta, and R. trevisanii are reported as new to China. A detailed description of each species is provided, and comparisons with related species are made.
Gymnopus barbipes and G. dysodes, new records for Pakistan
Authors: Saba Malka , Khan Junaid , Sarwar Samina , Sher Hassan , Nasir Khalid Abdul
Published: April 2020

Morphological and phylogenetic analyses were conducted to identify Gymnopus species collected in Pakistan during 2013–14. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of ribosomal DNA sequences. Among the collected taxa, we identified
Gymnopus barbipes and G. dysodes, represent new records for Pakistan. Their detailed descriptions and illustrations are also provided.
Use of SPAD index in elephant grass pre-breeding
Authors: D’Oliveira Pérsio Sandir , Suzuki Letícia Sayuri , Carneiro Jailton da Costa , Machado Juarez Campolina , Prates Jader Forquim , Rocha João Romero do Amaral Santos de Carvalho
Published: April 2020

The SPAD-502 (Soil Plant Analysis Development) chlorophyll meter is a simple diagnostic tool that instantly measures the chlorophyll content of plant leaves without damaging the leaf blade. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the SPAD index as a tool for discriminating elephant grass acessions from different morphological groups. One hundred genotypes of the elephant grass Pennisetum purpureum from the Active Germplasm Bank at Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Minas Gerais, Brazil were evaluated. Following uniform cutting, six SPAD readings were taken from each accession every 60 days. Measurements were taken for two years. The experimental design was a 10 × 10 simple lattice with two replications. Joint deviance analysis for six SPAD measurements revealed great genetic variability between genotypes. SPAD values of Cameroon and Napier accessions were, on average, significantly different. The SPAD index was effective in detecting genetic variability between elephant grass acessions. However, it should not be used alone as a morphological descriptor, but in combination with other descriptors.
Absence of Trichinella spiralis in swine carcasses slaughtered in the midwestern Region of Paraná State, Brazil
Authors: Siqueira Amanda Keller , Silva Vanessa Gomes da , Ferro Isabelle Dangui , Freitas Ricardo Antonio , Giesel Alexandre
Published: April 2020

Trichinella spiralis causes severe infections in humans, resulting in various clinical symptoms and even death, in several countries worldwide. Human trichinellosis has been reported in 55 countries, and mainly affects certain ethnic groups and tourists. It is caused by the ingestion of raw, undercooked meat or pork, or their by-products containing parasitic larvae. Infections in swine especially occur due to the parasitic contamination of food containing animal products, predation by rodents and other animals infected with T. spiralis, and due to the frequent habit of cannibalism in intensive production systems. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of T. spiralis in pig carcasses from a slaughterhouse located in the midwestern region of Paraná State, Brazil. Pools of 100 g of diaphragm, containing at least 1 g of tissue from each test animal, were collected, ground, and subjected to acid digestion with pepsin (1:10,000) and 25% hydrochloric acid. Sampling was performed in accordance to the methodology recommended by the European Union. All the 735,902 samples collected between 2010 and 2013, and in 2018, were negative for Trichinella spp. larvae. The pigs came from 483 farms from 90 municipalities from the three states of southern Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul). The absence of the parasite in different animal species, reported by surveys conducted in Brazil, could confirm the country as free from trichinellosis. Although T. spiralis is not endemic to Brazil, it is necessary to subject the meat of adult pigs slaughtered here and exported to other countries to inspections and parasitological examinations. It is therefore necessary to continually inspect pig carcasses for T. spiralis in slaughterhouses worldwide.
Postharvest quality and brown rot incidence in plums treated with Ascophyllum nodosum extract
Authors: Viencz Thayna , Oliari Ires Cristina Ribeiro , Ayub Ricardo Antonio , Faria Cacilda Márcia Duarte Rios , Botelho Renato Vasconcelos
Published: April 2020

The use of extracts of algae in agriculture has been growing because of their benefits to plant development and production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Ascophyllum nodosum extract on the postharvest quality of ‘Irati’ and ‘Reubennel’ plums and on the incidence of brown rot. The treatments consisted of concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mL L-1 of a commercial product containing algae extract (Algamare®) that were applied to the fruits by immersion. The fruits were then stored for 15 (cv. Irati) or 30 days (cv. Reubennel) at 2.5 °C and 90% RH and for two additional days at ambient conditions for further physicochemical analysis. A batch of ‘Reubennel’ plums was inoculated with Monilinia fructicola and kept for seven days in a cold room and an additional nine days at room temperature to evaluate the occurrence of brown rot. The postharvest application of the extract at a concentration of 0.4 mL L-1 altered some of the physicochemical characteristics of the fruit after storage; an increase in the total phenolic compound content and PG activity were observed in ‘Irati’ plums. Reubennel fruits had higher titratable acidity, a lower TSS/TA ratio, lower pulp firmness and higher PME activity. The most significant effect was observed with the application of A. nodosum extract at 0.4 mL L-1, which significantly reduced the incidence and severity of brown rot in the inoculated fruits and had a similar control effect as the application of the fungicide iprodione.
Serological prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD-1) in non-vaccinated dairy cattle in the municipality of Realeza-Paraná
Authors: Bedin Anderson , Sott Tatiane , Freitas Fagner Luiz da Costa , Nascif Junior Iucif Abrão , Rozolen Juliana Moreira , Fonseca-Alves Carlos Eduardo , Elias Fabiana
Published: April 2020

Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) is an infectious and contagious disease affecting cattle that is responsible for causing a wide range of clinical manifestations ranging from inapparent or subclinical infections to an acute and sometimes fatal disease known as mucosal disease. The agent that causes BVD is an RNA virus of the genus Pestivirus and family Flaviridae. BVD is transmitted in two different ways: horizontal, by secretions, and vertically in pregnant cows, where the cow transmits the virus to the foetus. The clinical signs depend on the affected animal, its immunological capacity, and in the case of pregnant females, the gestation phase. A gestational infection can result in several changes, such as congenital anomalies, abortion, or even the birth of so-called persistently infected (PI) animals, which are difficult to detect and have a very important epidemiological role within the herd. The southwest region of Paraná has the largest dairy basin in the state of Paraná and is predominantly composed of family farmers, many of whom adopt measures that increase the health risk of their herd. The objective of this study was to delineate the serological prevalence of non-vaccinated dairy cattle in the municipality of Royalty-PR in relation to the BVD-1 virus, as well as to evaluate the odds ratios, relative risk and risk attributable to the independent variables of breed, age and the community under study. To that end, 317 blood serum samples from non-vaccinated cows from 18 different farms, with various breeds and ages, were evaluated by virus neutralization for the detection of antibodies specific to BVD-1. The results showed that 17.03% of the animals (54/317) had positive BVD-1 serology, and 82.33% (15/18) of the farms had at least one positive animal. Animals of the Jersey breed and the Barra do Sarandi Line community had the highest epidemiological risks, with a strong association with BVD-1 infection.
Factors Affecting Compliance With Weight-Bearing Restriction and the Amount of Weight-Bearing in the Elderly With Femur or Pelvic Fractures
Authors: Seo Hyeunsuk , Lee Goo Joo , Shon Hyun-Chul , Kong Hyun Ho , Oh Minwoo , Cho Hangyeol , Lee Chang Jun
Published: April 2020

Objective To determine the factors affecting the amount of weight-bearing during gait training in the elderly patients who underwent internal fixation after femur or pelvic fractures and how well they performed the weight-bearing restriction as directed by the physiatrist.Methods In this retrospective chart review study, we measured the amount of weight-bearing on the affected side in 50 patients undergoing internal fixation surgery and rehabilitation after femur or pelvic fracture using a force plate. Patients receiving non-weight-bearing or partial weight-bearing education were considered to perform weight-bearing restriction well when the amount of weight-bearing was <50 lb. Furthermore, regression analysis was performed to determine the effects of postoperative complications, age, cognitive function, and pain on weightbearing restriction.Results Variables affecting the amount of weight-bearing were age (r=0.581, p<0.001), weight-bearing education type (r=0.671, p<0.001), manual muscle strength of hip flexion on the non-affected side (r=-0.296, p=0.037), hip abduction (r=-0.326, p=0.021), knee extension (r=-0.374, p=0.007), ankle plantar flexion (r=-0.374, p=0.008), right hand grip strength (r=-0.535, p<0.001), Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (r=-0.496, p<0.001), Clinical Dementia Rating (r=0.308, p=0.03), and pain visual analog scale scores (r=0.318, p=0.024). The significant predictor of the amount of weight-bearing among these variables was age (β=0.448, p=0.001). The weight-bearing restriction adherence rate was significantly lower, at 22%, for patients aged ≥65 years as compared to 73% for those <65 years.Conclusion Age was a major variable affecting the amount of weight-bearing. Compliance with weight-bearing restriction was significantly lower in patients aged ≥65 years than in patients <65 years.
Frequency of and Reasons for Unplanned Transfers From the Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Im Soobin , Lim Da Young , Sohn Min Kyun , Kim Yeongwook
Published: April 2020

Objective To characterize the patients in the inpatient rehabilitation facility who were transferred to acute care facilities and identify the frequency of and reasons for the unplanned transfer.Methods Medical records of patients admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation facility from October 2017 to December 2018 were reviewed. Patients were categorized according to their diagnoses. The included patients were divided into the unplanned transfer and control groups based on whether they required to transfer to another department for acute care before completing an uninterrupted rehabilitation course. The groups were compared in terms of sex, age, length of stay, admission sources, and disease groups. The reasons for unplanned transfers were classified based on medical or surgical conditions.Results Of the 1,378 patients were admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation facility, 1,301 satisfied inclusion criteria. Among them, 121 (9.3%) were unexpectedly transferred to the medical or surgical department. The unplanned transfer group had a higher age (69.54±12.53 vs. 64.39±15.32 years; p=0.001) and longer length of stay (85.69±66.08 vs. 37.81±31.13 days; p<0.001) than the control group. The top 3 reasons for unplanned transfers were infectious disease, cardiopulmonary disease, and orthopedic problem.Conclusion The unplanned transfer group had a significantly higher age and longer length of stay. The most common reason for the unplanned transfer was infectious disease. However, the proportions of those with orthopedic and neurological problems were relatively high. Therefore, further studies of these patient populations may help organize systematic strategies that are needed to reduce unplanned transfers to acute facilities for patients in rehabilitation facilities.
Claiming “Imagined Property”: Ṭaṣfiye Ṭalebnāmes and the Lost Material World of Migrants after the Greek-Turkish Population Exchange of 1923–24
Authors: Morack Ellinor
Published: April 2020

According to the exchange convention signed in Lausanne in January 1923, all people who were ‘subject to the exchange’ between Greece and Turkey were entitled to compensation in the receiving country with property of a value equal to that they left behind. In 1925, the Mixed Commission asked ‘exchangees’ in Turkey to fill in ‘applications for property liquidation’. These documents provide a wealth of information about ‘exchangees’ that was previously unavailable. This article studies a sample of these applications (ṭaṣfiye ṭalebnāme) that were drawn up in 1925 in western Turkey in order to find out how the applicants described their houses, living conditions and belongings back in Greece. Utilizing theoretical approaches from anthropological literature, the article analyses these standardised forms as places of encounter between the bureaucracy and those who were subject to the exchange convention. The property listed is conceptualized as “imagined”, i.e., lost property that people had to present in certain ways in order to be compensated for it. The paper traces different presentation strategies in the documents, showing how social status, bureaucratic literacy and narrative content were utilised in this endeavour.
Transportation, Steamships and the Rise of Postal Protectionism in the Ottoman Empire under the Reign of Abdülaziz (r. 1861–1876)
Authors: Duran Saltuk
Published: April 2020

This paper aims to examine the increasingly protectionist policies of the Ottoman government against the foreign steamship postal services operating between the imperial ports under the reign of Sultan Abdülaziz (r. 1861-1876). This remarkable phenomenon has both local and international dimensions. First of all, rising postal monopoly claims of the Ottoman government against the foreign postal services on its territory are the striking consequences of increasing autonomy of the local steamship networks in the Ottoman Empire. In other words, foreign postal services had lost their utility in the Empire as a result of the development of the local postal services. Nevertheless, the Ottoman Postal Administration under Abdülaziz manifested substantial deficiencies in relation to its services outside the Empire. By adopting protectionist policies, the Ottoman government aimed to eliminate financial and political threats to the Empire that were coming through foreign postal channels. Finally, at an international level, the protectionism of the Ottoman government was a local response to the globalisation of postal communications.
Maths routes around Europe
Authors: Ruiz Fernández José Luis
Published: April 2020

El proyecto “Maths routes around Europe” es el título del proyecto europeo Erasmus+ KA229-049983 que nuestro centro, el IES Alfonso XI, coordina y al que también pertenecen otros cinco centros educativos de distintos países (Agrupamento de Escolas de Ferreira de Castro. Portugal. Oliveira de Azeméis, Gimnazija Metkovic. Croatia. Metkovic, The Northumberland Church of England Academy United Kingdom. Ashington, Liceo Roiti. Italy. Ferrara, Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace im. Mikolaja Kopernika. Poland. Tuchow).
Diseño de recursos educativos para incentivar la asistencia y fomentar la participación en las sesiones presenciales de tutoría de matemáticas. Una experiencia real en el Centro Asociado de la Seu d’Urgell
Authors: Medina Albós Adoración
Published: April 2020

En una época en que los Centros Asociados “grandes” cuelgan grabaciones de las sesiones de tutoría, los Centros Asociados “pequeños” tienen serios problemas para lograr que los estudiantes asistan a las mismas. En este trabajo presento mi experiencia real como profesora tutora de Matemáticas Aplicadas a las Ciencias Sociales (Curso de Acceso para mayores de 25 años), en el Centro Asociado de la Seu d’Urgell. En nuestro centro, con sesiones de tutoría de 45 minutos semanales y estudiantes que mayoritariamente residen en el país vecino, Andorra, la problemática se intensifica: ¿para qué asistir a las sesiones de tutoría si pueden visualizar las de otros centros en diferido, tantas veces como deseen y sin necesidad de desplazarse? Tras constatar los problemas mencionados decidí diseñar materiales propios para optimizar la escasez de tiempo y para lograr sesiones de tutoría dinámicas, motivadoras y participativas, ofreciendo a mis estudiantes una metodología didáctica que incentivara su asistencia a las tutorías y su participación en clase. Con este enfoque no sólo logré que asistieran hasta final de curso, sino que mejoré sus niveles de motivación y dedicación a la asignatura, por no decir que la mayoría lograron superarla con éxito, alguno de ellos con calificaciones excelentes.
Quantitative and qualitative centrality of a social representation's core elements: The use of the Basic Cognitive Schemes model
Authors: Cristea Mioara , Valencia Jose Francisco , Curelaru Mihai
Published: April 2020

The general aim of this research was to investigate the use of the Basic Cognitive Schemes (BCS) model in examining the qualitative vs. quantitative centrality of a social representation’s (SR) core elements. Firstly, we examined the internal structure of the social representation of the European integration (Study 1, N = 71) according to Central Core Theory of the structural approach of social representations. Secondly, we investigated the qualitative vs. quantitative centrality of its core elements (Study 2, N = 106) using the BCS model. The study included young people from Eastern Romania enrolled in a Psychology undergraduate degree. The results permitted the identification of the elements defining the internal structure of the SR of the European integration among young Romanians. We identified five central elements with prescriptive functions (i.e., mobility, unity, opportunity, European funds, and civilization). Furthermore, after checking their qualitative and quantitative centrality using the BCS model, only three of them were confirmed as both qualitatively and quantitatively central. Thus, the results also underlined the importance of the BSC model in better understanding the relationships between the SR’s internal elements. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Motor competence difficulties and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among secondary students
Authors: Villa Miguel , Barriopedro Moro María Isabel , Ruiz Pérez Luis Miguel
Published: April 2020

A high proportion of children with Attention problems (ADHD) experience motor competence problems. The present study sought to compare the motor competence between a group of ADHD students and a normative sample before and after controlling for motor coordination problems, and check if there are differences between the group with ADHD and the group with DT, depending on the presence or not of the DCD concurrent with the ADHD.

 A total of 22 children with ADHD combined type (ADHD-CT; 12–13 years, SD 0.7, 16 males, 6 females) and 23 age-matched typically developing children with no movement difficulties (12-13 years, SD 0.7 16 males, 7 females) participated in this study. Motor coordination was measured using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd Edition (MABC-2). ADHD symptoms were assessed by the school’s Department of Psychology.The ADHD diagnosis is based on  diagnostic criteria established by the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), and the application of the following behavioral scales and evaluation of executive functions have been followed: Child Behavior Checklist for ages; Behavior Ratting Inventory of Executive Functions (BRIEF); Scales for the Evaluation of ADHD (EDAH). Based on the MABC-2 score (percentile score ≤ 5th), ADHD children were classified into two groups: co-occurring DCD/ADHD and ADHD group. Results showed that children with ADHD and typically developing (TD) children showed big individual differences on all motor skill areas and on overall percentile scores. Thirteen children with ADHD were delayed, and three were at risk for motor delays. Only four TD children were at risk for motor delays. DCD/ADHD group scored significantly lower than the TD group across all motor skill areas, while ADHD group scored lower than the TD group only on manual dexterity.
A Concept for Three-Dimensional Particle Metrology Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy and Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry
Authors: Tondare Vipin N.
Published: April 2020

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been frequently used for size and shape measurements of particles. SEM images offer two-dimensional (2D) information about a particle’s lateral dimensions. Unfortunately, information about the particle’s three-dimensional (3D) size and shape remains unavailable. To resolve this issue, I propose a new concept in SEM: 3D particle metrology obtained by applying structure-from-motion (SfM) algorithms to multiple rotational SEM images of particles deposited onto a cylindrical substrate to generate a 3D model from which size and shape information can be extracted. Particles can have any size that is suitable for SEM imaging. SEM images of the sample can be acquired from 0° to 360° using a rotational-tip SEM substage. Here, I will discuss the concept and, for clarity, illustrate it with aquarium gravel particles that are glued onto a craft roll and imaged optically before generating the 3D model of that handmade craft. Future work will include the experimental SEM realization, as well as further development of the SfM algorithms. In my view, this proposed concept may become an integral part of SEM-based particle metrology.
DASC, a sensitive classifier for measuring discrete early stages in clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Chen Zhiming , Mettlen Marcel , Noh Jungsik , Schmid Sandra L , Danuser Gaudenz
Published: April 2020

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in mammalian cells is driven by resilient machinery that includes >70 endocytic accessory proteins (EAP). Accordingly, perturbation of individual EAPs often results in minor effects on biochemical measurements of CME, thus providing inconclusive/misleading information regarding EAP function. Live-cell imaging can detect earlier roles of EAPs preceding cargo internalization; however, this approach has been limited because unambiguously distinguishing abortive coats (ACs) from bona fide clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) is required but unaccomplished. Here, we develop a thermodynamics-inspired method, “disassembly asymmetry score classification (DASC)”, that resolves ACs from CCPs based on single channel fluorescent movies. After extensive verification, we use DASC-resolved ACs and CCPs to quantify CME progression in 11 EAP knockdown conditions. We show that DASC is a sensitive detector of phenotypic variation in CCP dynamics that is uncorrelated to the variation in biochemical measurements of CME. Thus, DASC is an essential tool for uncovering EAP function.
Zygotic pioneer factor activity of Odd-paired/Zic is necessary for late function of the Drosophila segmentation network
Authors: Soluri Isabella V , Zumerling Lauren M , Payan Parra Omar A , Clark Eleanor G , Blythe Shelby A
Published: April 2020

Because chromatin determines whether information encoded in DNA is accessible to transcription factors, dynamic chromatin states in development may constrain how gene regulatory networks impart embryonic pattern. To determine the interplay between chromatin states and regulatory network function, we performed ATAC-seq on Drosophila embryos during the establishment of the segmentation network, comparing wild-type and mutant embryos in which all graded maternal patterning inputs are eliminated. While during the period between zygotic genome activation and gastrulation many regions maintain stable accessibility, cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) within the network undergo extensive patterning-dependent changes in accessibility. A component of the network, Odd-paired (opa), is necessary for pioneering accessibility of late segmentation network CRMs. opa-driven changes in accessibility are accompanied by equivalent changes in gene expression. Interfering with the timing of opa activity impacts the proper patterning of expression. These results indicate that dynamic systems for chromatin regulation directly impact the reading of embryonic patterning information.
OTX2 represses sister cell fate choices in the developing retina to promote photoreceptor specification
Authors: Ghinia Tegla Miruna Georgiana , Buenaventura Diego F , Kim Diana Y , Thakurdin Cassandra , Gonzalez Kevin C , Emerson Mark M
Published: April 2020

During vertebrate retinal development, subsets of progenitor cells generate progeny in a non-stochastic manner, suggesting that these decisions are tightly regulated. However, the gene-regulatory network components that are functionally important in these progenitor cells are largely unknown. Here we identify a functional role for the OTX2 transcription factor in this process. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing was used to produce somatic mutations of OTX2 in the chick retina and identified similar phenotypes to those observed in human patients. Single cell RNA sequencing was used to determine the functional consequences OTX2 gene editing on the population of cells derived from OTX2-expressing retinal progenitor cells. This confirmed that OTX2 is required for the generation of photoreceptors, but also for repression of specific retinal fates and alternative gene regulatory networks. These include specific subtypes of retinal ganglion and horizontal cells, suggesting that in this context, OTX2 functions to repress sister cell fate choices.
Asymmetric clustering of centrosomes defines the early evolution of tetraploid cells
Authors: Baudoin Nicolaas C , Nicholson Joshua M , Soto Kimberly , Martin Olga , Chen Jing , Cimini Daniela
Published: April 2020

Tetraploidy has long been of interest to both cell and cancer biologists, partly because of its documented role in tumorigenesis. A common model proposes that the extra centrosomes that are typically acquired during tetraploidization are responsible for driving tumorigenesis. However, tetraploid cells evolved in culture have been shown to lack extra centrosomes. This observation raises questions about how tetraploid cells evolve and more specifically about the mechanisms(s) underlying centrosome loss. Here, using a combination of fixed cell analysis, live cell imaging, and mathematical modeling, we show that populations of newly formed tetraploid cells rapidly evolve in vitro to retain a near-tetraploid chromosome number while losing the extra centrosomes gained at the time of tetraploidization. This appears to happen through a process of natural selection in which tetraploid cells that inherit a single centrosome during a bipolar division with asymmetric centrosome clustering are favored for long-term survival.
ECMPride: prediction of human extracellular matrix proteins based on the ideal dataset using hybrid features with domain evidence
Authors: Liu Binghui , Leng Ling , Sun Xuer , Wang Yunfang , Ma Jie , Zhu Yunping
Published: April 2020

Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins play an essential role in various biological processes in multicellular organisms, and their abnormal regulation can lead to many diseases. For large-scale ECM protein identification, especially through proteomic-based techniques, a theoretical reference database of ECM proteins is required. In this study, based on the experimentally verified ECM datasets and by the integration of protein domain features and a machine learning model, we developed ECMPride, a flexible and scalable tool for predicting ECM proteins. ECMPride achieved excellent performance in predicting ECM proteins, with appropriate balanced accuracy and sensitivity, and the performance of ECMPride was shown to be superior to the previously developed tool. A new theoretical dataset of human ECM components was also established by applying ECMPride to all human entries in the SwissProt database, containing a significant number of putative ECM proteins as well as the abundant biological annotations. This dataset might serve as a valuable reference resource for ECM protein identification.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO E LETRAMENTO TECNOLÓGICOS DO PROFESSOR: POTENCIALIDADES E DESAFIOS
Authors: Silva Alcinéia De Souza , Silva Klever Corrente
Published: April 2020

Por que pensar em tecnologias no contexto educacional? O professor e os alunos estão preparados para lidar com as tecnologias e suas linguagens? Quais são os desafios a serem enfrentados? A alfabetização e o letramento tecnológicos do professor podem ser um meio para superação dos dilemas e contradições que permeiam a relação entre tecnologias e educação? Tendo essas questões como eixos norteadores da pesquisa, apresenta-se e discute-se dados produzidos em experiência pedagógica desenvolvida na UnB, de modo a apontar, segundo as percepções de professores, as potencialidades e os desafios intrínsecos às tecnologias na escola, assim como, destacar a importância da alfabetização e do letramento tecnológicos na formação crítica, reflexiva e cidadã, tanto do professor quanto dos alunos.
INSTRUÇÃO PÚBLICA E ADMINISTRAÇÃO ESCOLAR NO PARÁ NA DÉCADA DE 1920
Authors: Reschke Monika , Damasceno Alberto , Pantoja Suellem
Published: April 2020

O artigo resulta de uma pesquisa sobre a história da educação no Pará na Primeira República, com o objetivo de compreender a relação entre projeções governamentais para instrução pública e administração do grupo escolar Benjamin Constant, no intervalo entre 1922 e 1927. Os documentos utilizados foram: as mensagens dos governadores e os relatos de Aurelia Franco, diretora desse grupo, além de pesquisa bibliográfica em trabalhos sobre educação naquele período. O estudo revelou consequências da crise política, econômica e social do período registrado nos relatos do referido grupo escolar. Observamos que, apesar do discurso louvável e comprometido dos líderes em relação à educação, as escolas existentes não possuíam as condições necessárias para o seu funcionamento e sofriam com a falta de recursos públicos.