bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CUBAN (1962) AND UKRAINIAN CRISIS (2022) – THE WORLD ON THE VERGE OF NUCLEAR WAR, 60 YEARS LATER
Authors: Krivokapić Boris Dj. , Vukadinović Jugoslav Lj.
Published: January 2023

The paper deals with the comparison of two cases when humanity was closest to the outbreak of a world nuclear war - the Cuban missile crisis (1962) and the Ukrainian crisis (2022). First, the basic elements of the term “international crisis” were given, and then, based on selected criteria, the Cuban crisis and the reality that arose from the invasion of the Russian armed forces into Ukraine were analyzed. The international legal aspects of these problems were specially addressed, with the fact that it was pointed out that, unlike the American naval blockade of Cuba, there was nothing illegal in the deployment of Soviet missiles on that island, yet the USA was still ready for war just to remove the threat. In the case of the Ukrainian crisis (2022), everything is much more complicated. Although at first glance, this is a classic case of aggression, Russia invoked the favorite arguments and concepts of the USA, such as humanitarian intervention and preventive self-defense. In the concluding remarks, the authors point out that, according to current international law, all international disputes and crises must be resolved exclusively by peaceful means, that the Ukrainian crisis should not be an exception in this respect, and that, after all, a good example is the Cuban Missile Crisis, which ended with a kind of agreement.
THE UNSHELL DIRECTIVE PROPOSAL IN A NUTSHELL: OPEN QUESTIONS
Authors: Živković Lidija O.
Published: January 2023

The paper analyses the recent European Commission’s Proposal for a Council Directive laying down rules to prevent the misuse of shell entities for tax purposes and amending Directive 2011/16/EU, commonly referred to as the Unshell Directive Proposal. The author firstly identifies the features of the existing EU legislative framework contributing to the widespread utilization of shell entities for tax avoidance purposes and clarifies the policy context in which the Unshell Directive Proposal was drafted. She further provides a detailed analysis of the anti-avoidance mechanism introduced thereby and discusses a number of questions which the said mechanism raises. In addition, the author assesses its effects on Serbian corporate taxpayers. She concludes that the envisaged anti-avoidance mechanism deserves further refinement, not least in regards to its interaction with Member States’ general anti-avoidance measures, as well as with respect to the economic substance indicators on which it is based.
CYBERCRIME MONEY LAUNDERING CASES AND DIGITAL EVIDENCE
Authors: Matić Bošković Marina M.
Published: January 2023

The widespread dependence on digital systems and increased value of digital commerce in the metaverse boosted cyber vulnerability. The cybercrime will be more profitable than the global trade of all major illegal drugs combined, while Cybersecurity Ventures expects global cybercrime costs to grow by 15 percent annually by 2025. Cybercrime changed traditional money laundering methods which is difficult to detect since it could be committed from anywhere in the world. The threat posed by cybercrime money laundering methodologies has been aggravated by the Covid-19 pandemic.

To investigate cyber laundering the e-evidence are crucial, which is confirmed by the EU Commission estimate that 85 percent of criminal investigations require electronic evidence. Additional challenge for law enforcement authorities presents the fact that the organised cybercrime is joining forces and their likelihood of detection and prosecution is estimated to be 0.05 percent in the USA. Furthermore, the digital evidence is often held by service providers as private companies based in another country, which causes many obstacles to access to those data by investigative and law enforcement authorities.

The paper identifies impact of Covid-19 on cybercrime and increased risks of cyber laundering. In relation to investigation and prosecution of cyber money laundering, the paper analyzes challenges for investigative authorities to gather data and evidence in cyber money laundering cases and efforts of EU and USA authorities to facilitate access to digital evidence and relevant data stored by service providers. The paper refers to possible shortcomings of proposed instruments and need for efficient response and adaptation to changes in the cybercrime.
THE POSSIBILITY OF LIMITING THE EXERCISE OF THE RIGHT TO APPEAL IN CRIMINAL MATTERS ACCORDING TO THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors: Živanović Katarina S.
Published: January 2023

The right to a legal remedy in criminal proceedings, which enables the refutation of the legal and factual basis of a court decision, is a guarantor of a legal and correct court decision, i.e. the pillar of a legal and fair procedure without which modern criminal procedural systems could not be imagined. Guaranteeing and exercising this right contributes to the protection of individual and general interests, as well as the realization of fundamental principles of criminal procedure, such as legality, fairness, truth and legal certainty. Despite the exceptional and unequivocal importance of legal remedies, i.e. appeals in criminal proceedings, in one of the most important international legal instruments in the field of protection of human rights – the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms, it was proclaimed in such a way that gives the possibility of its limitation. Pointing out the exceptional importance of this legal remedy, the author analyzed the provisions of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms, which proclaimed the right to appeal in criminal proceedings, as well as the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, with the aim of pointing out the shortcomings of the provisions of the Convention that the signatory states provides the possibility of limiting the review of certain court decisions in criminal proceedings.
Energy Market in Contemporary International Relations: Main Threats and Challenges
Authors: Misiągiewicz Justyna
Published: January 2023

The main objective of the present study is to analyze the main challenges and threats to the international energy market in the context of transformations in international relations. It will be possible thanks to a comprehensive explanatory and predictive analysis. The study verifies the research hypothesis that the evolution of energy security and the prospects for its development largely result from the relations on the global energy market. Analyses of energy security issues take into account long-term development trends as well as unpredictable events related to the functioning of international economic relations. Thus, the phenomena resulting from the dynamics of the international environment are gaining in importance. New energy systems and new technologies can lead the world towards new challenges and threats. The methodological framework of the conducted research includes research methods appropriate to the science of international relations. The factor method was useful in identifying the determinants of energy security market transformation in the contemporary world. The predictive analysis turned out to be helpful in the part of the thesis on the prospects for the development of the energy market. The research techniques used in the article include the analysis of literature, documents and statistical data.
A demenciaellátás innovatív irányai
Authors: Gedeonné Dallos Rita
Published: January 2023

A demencia korunk népbetegsége, globális közegészségügyi probléma. Világszerte ötvenötmillió ember szenved benne, és ez a szám az előrejelzések szerint 2050-re eléri a százharminckilencmillió főt. A betegség az egészségügyi és szociális ellátórendszer terhelése mellett a gondozó családokat is kihívás elé állítja. A WHO a 2017 és 2025 közötti időtartamra meghirdette a Globális cselekvési tervet, melyet százkilencvennégy tagország támogat. A cselekvési tervben deklaráltan az alábbi részfeladatok szerepelnek: a demencia közegészségügyi prioritássá tétele, a demenciával kapcsolatos tudatosság és befogadás növelése, a demencia kockázatának csökkentése, az egészségügyi ellátás javítása, a demens beteget gondozó családok támogatása, a demenciával kapcsolatos egészségügyi információs rendszerek fejlesztése, valamint a kutatás és innováció támogatása. A tanulmány a cselekvési tervben meghatározott prioritások mentén mutat be hét kiemelkedő innovatív nemzetközi jó gyakorlatot, összevetve őket a hazai tapasztalatokkal.
Analisa Key Performance Index Salesman Pada PT Mega Buana Indah
Authors: Wahana Mandikova  , Santi Oktavianti  , Teguh Iman Santoso
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Knowledge and skills of human resources which come from organization or companies are intangible asset that will be a competitive asset to companies, and will create a positive value for the company. Effectively managing employee’s performance is one of key factor to increase the company business performance. Effectively managing performance includes measurement process of employee’s output objectively through a series of exact performance indicators. This research discussing about key performance index salesman in PT Mega Buana Indah, which is consist of 6 indicators that is first impressions, needs assessment, communicated product knowledge, interpersonal presentation, product recommendations, sales and closing tactics. Data is collected by distributing questionnaire as much as the determined samples. The result of this research concludes that each indicator has affecting the key performance index salesman.
Pengaruh Motivasi dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Sarana Pembangunan Palembang Jaya Unit Usaha Minyak dan Gas Wilayah Palembang
Authors: M. Shalahuddin  , Vanesha Rahmania  , Firmansyah  , Grace Twenty Agustine  , Santi Oktavianti
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi dan kepuasan kerja secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Unit Usaha Migas Sarana Pengembangan Palembang Jaya untuk Wilayah Palembang. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research, yaitu menjelaskan kedudukan variabel-variabel yang diteliti dan pengaruh antara satu variabel dengan variabel lainnya, dan pengujian hipotesis. Dengan teknik survei, penyebaran kuesioner dengan skala Likert. Teknik penentuan menggunakan sampling jenuh dengan jumlah responden 30 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial yaitu: 1. Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas, 2. Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda, 3. Pengujian Hipotesis dengan Uji Parsial (Uji t) dan Uji Simultan (Uji F). Hasil pengujian dan analisis adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan, dengan korelasi positif nilai t hitung sebesar 5,692 dengan probabilitas signifikansi t dari 0,001. 2. Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan, dengan korelasi nilai t hitung sebesar 3,317 dengan probabilitas signifikansi t sebesar 0,003. 3. Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara motivasi dan kepuasan kerja secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan korelasi positif. Dan nilai F hitung sebesar 123,097 dengan F signifikan sebesar 0,001.
Efektivitas Media Komunikasi bagi Petani padi di Kecamatan Gandus Kota Palembang (Kasus Program Ketahanan Pangan di Kecamatan Gandus)
Authors: Rahmah Awaliah  , Ninuk Purnaningsih  , Djoko Susanto
Published: January 2023

Media komunikasi adalah saluran atau jalur yang dilalui pesan untuk sampai ke khalayak. Komunikasi menjadi efektif jika berdampak pada tercapainya pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan. Pada efek kognitif meliputi peningkatan kesadaran, pembelajaran dan pengetahuan tambahan. Afektif mencakup efek yang terkait dengan emosi, perasaan, dan sikap. Konatif mencakup efek yang terkait dengan perilaku dan niat untuk melakukan sesuatu dengan cara tertentu. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai dengan Agustus 2011. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan efektivitas media komunikasi petani padi, 2) mengukur efektivitas media komunikasi bagi petani padi, 3) ) Menganalisis hubungan antara keterpaparan media dengan keefektifan komunikasi media, 4) Menganalisis keterkaitan antara evaluasi media komunikasi dengan efektivitas komunikasi media. Lokasi pengambilan sampel ditentukan secara purposive. Jumlah petani 76 diambil secara simple random sampling. Temuan penting penelitian ini adalah: 1) Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan efektivitas media komunikasi bagi petani padi adalah umur, pengalaman, paparan televisi, dan evaluasi interpersonal media, 2) Ketahanan pangan di Gandus tergolong dalam kategori baik.
Kajian Hasil Produksi Benih Sumber dan Benih Sebar Padi Sawah dI Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Samrin  , Yunus  , Milkiades Paulus , Amirrullah Johanes
Published: January 2023

Penggunaan benih bersertifikat merupakan langkah awal yang sangat menentukan terhadap input berikutnya yang diharapkan pada proses produksi. Guna mewujudkan hasil yang lebih optimal, maka diperlukan penanganan secara terpadu dan berkesinambungan mulai dari hulu hingga hilir. Benih bersertifikat dari varietas unggul baru (VUB) padi diperlukan petani karena potensial meningkatkan produktivitas usaha tani. Asumsi penggunaan sarana produksi lainnya optimal, seperti pupuk, pestisida, irigasi dan tenaga kerja, penggunaan benih unggul sangat menunjang usaha tani padi. Produktivitas lahan yang tinggi bisa meningkatkan pendapatan petani dan hal ini diperlukan sebab harga produk non pertanian juga terus meningkat. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Wawotobi BPTP Sulawesi Tenggara di Kabupaten Konawe. Menggunakan lahan sawah irigasi teknis, mulai bulan JanuariDesember 2017. Hasil produksi benih sumber dan benih sebar varietas unggul padi sawah UPBS BPTP Sulawesi Tenggara, sebanyak 17.700 kg terdiri dari Inpari 30/klas BD (225 kg), Inpari 34/BD (200 kg), Inpari 38/BD (200 kg), Inpari 30/BR (750 kg), Inpari 40/BR (400 kg), Inpari Blast/BR (225 kg), Mekongga/BR (1600 kg), Ciherang/BR (2300 kg)varietas Inpari 15/BR (750 kg ), Inpari 30/BR (2.500 kg), Mekongga/BR (2.850 kg, dan Ciliwung/BR (5.700 kg).Benih Hasil produksi telah terdistribusi di tingkat petani dan penangkar di beberapa daerah Sulawesi Tenggara.
DAMPAK PENERAPAN JARAK TANAM TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS DAN PENDAPATAN USAHATANI JAGUNG HIBRIDA DI LAHAN SAWAH TADAH HUJAN
Authors: Suhendrata Tota
Published: January 2023

Corn (Zea Mays L) has multipurpose functions, as food, feed, industrial raw materials, and source offarmers' income. Rainfed rice fields are one of the potentials which have not been optimally utilized foragriculture, especially corn. Planting distance will affect productivity in two ways, 1) the use of plantingdistance that is too tight, plants will experience competition with other plants nearby and 2) plantingdistance that is too wide may reduce yield per unit area. This study aims to determine theperformance of productivity, income and feasibility and aslo to determine the break-even point ofproduction and prices. The study was conducted in Boloh Village, Toroh District, Grobogan Regencyon MT-3 in 2016 covering an area of ± 5 ha. The study was set out with 3 treatment distanceplanting, 75 x 20 cm (1 seed per hole), 75 x 40 cm (2 seeds per hole) and 50 x 50 cm (2 seeds perhole). The results showed that the 70 x 40 cm spacing treatment gave the highest productivity andincome. Hybrid maize farming with distance planting of 70 x 40 cm, both technically and financially, isthe most feasible to be developed in rainfed rice fields.
ANALISIS FINANSIAL TEKNOLOGI SISTEM TANAM JAJAR LEGOWO PADA USAHATANI PADI DI LAHAN SAWAH IRIGASI
Authors: Teguh Prasetyo  , Setian Cahyati , Eti Wulandari Muniri
Published: January 2023

Efforts to maintain the productivity of rice farming land in a sustainable manner by applying location- specific technological innovations. Jarwo technology research aims to determine the productivity andprofits of rice farming. The research method used is to compare Jarwo technology with farmerpatterns in rice farming. Data collection is done by means of periodic observations. The data collectedincludes productivity, output, and input of rice farming. Data were analyzed using evaluation methodand cross tabulation. The results showed that the average productivity of rice using Jarwo technologywas 8.90 tons/ha GKP, while the average yield of rice productivity by farmers was 7.80 tons/ha GKP. Milled dry grain (GKG) with a moisture content of 11-12% in Jarwo technology farming is 6.14 tons/ha, while the average productivity of rice using farmer-pattern technology is 5.23 tons/ha. The labor costof rice farming on Jarwo technology is 66.36% of the total cost, while the labor cost of farmingtechnology is 67.32%. The selling value of GKP rice with Jarwo technology is higher than the farmerpattern. Rice productivity and farming profits with Jarwo technology are considered higher with an R/Cratio value of 3.91, while in farming the R/C ratio is 3.85. Jarwo technology has the potential to bewidely developed, it is recommended that massive dissemination be carried out followed by intensiveassistance, both by formal officers and independently.
Phonological Patterns in Ukwuani Children of Three to Five Years Old
Authors: Okumo Franca
Published: January 2023

This article is a study of the phonological patterns in child language development. Using data from Ukwuani children of three to five years old, we identify those patterns that are prevalent in normal child development for the purpose of assessing and identifying children with phonological disorders. Using the Ibadan 400 wordlist, a predetermined wordlist of 400 items, we identified patterns such as: stopping, deaffrication, velar fronting, liquid gliding, nasal assimilation and labial assimilation. We note that children make some deviations in an attempt to produce the adult form of the language and that these deviations may not be cases of disorders but simply simplification processes. However, if they hold on to these patterns beyond a certain age, it results in developmental phonological disorder. The paper thus recommends that child’s phonological patterns be assessed using the phonological milestones or universal patterns that underlie the speech forms of infants at a certain age so as to identify children who after the recommended age still present constraints in trying to produce the adult form. This will help in early intervention in the case of such a disorder.
Pruebas académicas: Análisis en la Universidad Abierta para Adultos, (UAPA)
Authors: Santana Betzaida Kelly
Published: January 2023

El objeto principal de esta investigación es determinar las causas que inciden en el bajo rendimiento académica de los participantes, fue una labor que se enmarcó dentro de los procesos institucionales de la Universidad Abierta para Adultos en el recinto Santo Domingo Oriental. Se realizó un estudio mixto descriptivo. Los sujetos en estudio fueron 472 participantes, de los cuales 146 (31 %) hombres y 326 (69%) de todas las carreras en el periodo 2018-1 y 2018-2 que acudieron al departamento de Orientación, para recibir la correspondencia “Condición de Prueba Académica”. Teniendo en cuenta que los participantes encuestados no se repiten en el ciclo. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó una encuesta dirigido a esos participantes, constituido 8 variables: Dificultades económicas, Conflictos con el facilitador, Problemas personales, Metodologías evaluación de enseñanzas, Horarios de clase (Tiempo), Problemas de Estudio (Hábito), Dificultad con el manejo de computadoras, Problemas con el manejo de la plataforma. Los resultados de la investigación indican que las causas que inciden en el bajo índice académico en el período 2018-1y 2018-2 son: el 24 % aduce a problemas económicos, 54 % lo atribuye a problemas personales; el 38 % tiempo, 28 % hábito de estudio y 27 % manejo de la plataforma.
Circular Plastics Economy: Redesigning Technology and Reimagining Society
Authors:   Ateneo de Manila University, Dayrit Fabian ,   National Academy of Science and Technology Philippines
Published: January 2023

The UN Environment Programme has identified plastic waste as one of the urgent challenges of the 21st century and has set 2024 as the target date for the drafting of an international legally binding agreement on plastic pollution. While the concern for plastic pollution is justified, a workable solution that considers both the role that plastics play in society and the economy, and the scientific and technological challenges involved, will take a major global effort. The six thermoplastics that are most widely used today were not designed to be recycled. Likewise, over 10,000 chemical additives in plastics were not tested for their health and environmental safety. The complexity of plastic waste makes their effective management very difficult and uneconomic. A new system with two types of plastics is proposed: circular plastics that can be chemically reprocessed, and bio-based plastics that are designed for single-use and are biodegradable. This will require R&D into new plastics, as well as new standards and regulations. At the same time, R&D into the conversion of our current plastic waste into environmentally safe products must be undertaken. These will require a multi-sectoral approach which assigns responsibility to all sectors. Industry should institute extended producer responsibility and develop circular plastics. Society should adopt extended consumer responsibility. Government should replace its single-minded focus on GDP as the sole measure of development with the more holistic UN Sustainable Development Goals. This transition will not happen if it is seen only as a technological challenge. This transition will require a multi-sectoral approach which assigns responsibility to all sectors of society. We will not be able to reimagine plastics if we do not reimagine society.
CONTROL DEL PRESUPUESTO PÚBLICO. EL ROL DEL CONGRESO NACIONAL Y DE LA CONTRALORÍA GENERAL DE LA REPÚBLICA
Authors: Montalva Pérez Carlos
Published: January 2023

Se efectúa un análisis del control del presupuesto público como una materia fundamental para el adecuado uso de los recursos y cómo a partir del desarrollo de los órganos de control externo del presupuesto, el Congreso Nacional y la Contraloría General de la República, se han establecido los primeros lineamientos sobre cómo el ordenamiento jurídico chileno ha dado forma a esta materia.
LOS PILARES PARA LA MODERNIZACIÓN DE LA CONTRALORÍA GENERAL DE LA REPÚBLICA
Authors: Bermúdez Soto Jorge
Published: January 2023

La Contraloría General de la República constituye una institución fundamental para el funcionamiento de nuestro sistema constitucional. Dada su persistencia en el respeto impersonal de la legalidad, es justo calificarla como uno de los ejemplos más notables de una institución republicana en Chile e incluso en el continente. La mantención de esta tradición de custodia de la legalidad en los asuntos de gobierno y administración debe ser una consideración esencial en el proceso de modernización de nuestro aparato administrativo. Es necesario tener siempre presente que la Administración debe actuar con eficacia y eficiencia en el cumplimiento de las tareas públicas, pero también que el Estado de derecho exige un compromiso irrestricto con la legalidad y probidad, para lo cual es necesario contar con instituciones con alta capacidad técnica, probada independencia y una sólida cultura institucional de probidad.
PRESENTACIÓN DEL LIBRO ESTATUTO ADMINISTRATIVO INTERPRETADO Y CONCORDADO DE LA CONTRALORÍA GENERAL DE LA REPÚBLICA
Authors: Cordero Vega Luis
Published: January 2023

Luis Cordero Vega
Quisiera comenzar agradeciendo a la Contraloría la invitación que se me ha formulado para la presentación de lo que, por las razones que explicaré a continuación, constituye uno de los clásicos del derecho administrativo chileno: El Estatuto Administrativo interpretado y concordado, un texto que en apariencia solo es de utilidad para los operadores de la Administración pública, pero que sin embargo encierra los secretos de la evolución de nuestro derecho administrativo.
¿HAY COSOC? 3.0 (2019)
Authors: Fundación Multitudes
Published: January 2023

En 2011 fue promulgada la ley N.º 20.500, creándose con ello los consejos comunales de la sociedad civil —COSOC—, organismos de carácter consultivo y de validación desde la sociedad civil a la gestión municipal. En 2015 la Fundación Multitudes lanza el estudio «¿Hay COSOC?» examinando el cumplimento y situación de los COSOC a nivel nacional. Esta es la tercera versión del estudio, la cual además analiza la evolución del cumplimiento de la ley N.º 20.500, comparando los resultados de los dos informes anteriores. Este estudio de carácter cualitativo, descriptivo y una parte correlacional, recopila información basada en las dos vías para acceso a la información pública, transparencia activa y pasiva, a través de las cuales se demandaron los requisitos para COSOC que la ley dispone, además de evaluar el acceso, disponibilidad y calidad de la información que los organismos entregaron. En resultados, un 58 % del total del país cuenta con su COSOC constituido. Sobre su continuidad, 140 son producto de un proceso de renovación de 2016, mientras que solo un 34 %, ha mantenido su COSOC de forma regular durante las tres versiones del estudio; por otra parte, un 14 % de los municipios jamás ha instalado un consejo de la sociedad civil. Se constata además que existe un aumento del 9,2 % de los COSOC respecto del estudio «¿Hay COSOC? 2.0», sin embargo, esta cifra no supera la cantidad de 2015, lo cual da cuenta de un cumplimiento decreciente de la normativa. La misma tendencia aparece al comparar los datos referentes a los requisitos mínimos que la ley contempla, puesto que, si bien se registra un alza en el nivel de observancia respecto al estudio realizado en 2016, no se logra superar las cifras reflejadas en el primer estudio. Una de las conclusiones más importantes es la detección de un alto incumplimiento de la norma y una ausencia de mejoras significativas. La comparación de las tres versiones del estudio «¿Hay COSOC?», da cuenta que desde 2015 a la fecha no se han registrado grandes mejoras en lo referente a la cantidad de COSOC debidamente instalados, así como en el nivel de acatamiento de las disposiciones mínimas de la normativa.
MODIFICACIÓN DE LA LEY Nº 18.918 SOBRE INJERENCIA DE TRANSPARENCIA
Authors: Gómez Santelices Gabriel Andrés
Published: January 2023

Un proyecto de ley, impulsado por el diputado democratacristiano Raúl Soto y respaldado por parlamentarios de todos los sectores, busca una modificación a la Ley Orgánica Constitucional del Congreso, con el fin de hacer aplicable la Ley de Acceso a la Información Pública a ambas ramas del Poder Legislativo. La iniciativa (Senado, 2018b), ingresada el 13 de diciembre de 2018, pretende otorgar competencia al Consejo para la Transparencia para conocer las reclamaciones que se presenten al Congreso y a la Corte de Apelaciones respectiva para conocer de los reclamos que se ejerzan en contra de lo que el Consejo para la Transparencia pueda resolver
DELEGACIÓN DE LA FACULTAD DE DESTITUCIÓN. SU REVISIÓN A PARTIR DE LA JURISPRUDENCIA DE LA CONTRALORÍA GENERAL DE LA REPÚBLICA
Authors: Ponce Correa Patricio
Published: January 2023

La delegación administrativa es un instituto de ordinaria ocurrencia al interior de la Administración del Estado, pese a lo cual presenta un escaso desarrollo legal y dogmático en Chile. Por ello, la jurisprudencia de la Contraloría General de la República cobra una especial importancia en orden a esclarecer el contenido y límites de esta figura. Más relevante se vuelve su análisis en lo que respecta a la potestad de destituir, pues esta última es una atribución que el legislador ha entregado específicamente a aquella autoridad facultada para efectuar el nombramiento, otorgándole así un tratamiento diverso al de otras medidas sancionatorias en el ámbito disciplinario. El presente trabajo busca identificar las principales líneas jurisprudenciales en esta materia, a fin de rescatar las precisiones que, a partir de la labor interpretativa desarrollada por el órgano contralor, permiten determinar algunos elementos propios de este instituto en relación a la potestad de aplicar una medida expulsiva, así como también, las incógnitas que surgen luego de dicha revisión.
CONTRALORÍA GENERAL DE LA REPÚBLICA (2020). RADIOGRAFÍA DE LA CORRUPCIÓN: IDEAS PARA FORTALECER LA PROBIDAD EN CHILE
Authors: Aninat Sahli Isabel
Published: January 2023

Según la encuesta del Centro de Estudios Públicos, en el período julio-agosto de 2016, el 36 % de los chilenos señalaba que la corrupción era uno de los tres problemas a los que el Gobierno debía dedicar el mayor esfuerzo en solucionar (Centro de Estudios Públicos, 2016). Por primera vez, se ubicaba dentro de los tres primeros lugares de la lista, los cuales eran ocupados desde principios de los años noventa, por la delincuencia, la salud y la educación. Ahora bien, según la última versión de ese instrumento, publicada en diciembre 2019, el 18 % manifestó que la corrupción está entre los tres principales problemas del país (Centro de Estudios Públicos, 2019). Ahora sí, en sexto lugar, muy por debajo de las pensiones, la salud y la educación.
SOBRE LA CONSTITUCIONALIDAD DE LAS FACULTADES DE LAS SECRETARÍAS REGIONALES MINISTERIALES DE SALUD EN LA PANDEMIA DEL COVID-19. A PROPÓSITO DEL DICTAMEN Nº E96.400, DE LA CONTRALORÍA GENERAL DE LA REPÚBLICA
Authors: Fuentes Mondaca Óscar Enrique
Published: January 2023

El comentario que presentamos aborda el dictamen Nº E96.400, del 16 de abril de 2021, de la Contraloría General de la República, en el cual se estableció que, al encontrarse regulado expresamente el ingreso a recintos privados por las secretarías regionales ministeriales de Salud, en los términos de los artículos 155 y siguientes del Código Sanitario, no cabía entender tal situación como una conculcación a la inviolabilidad del hogar consagrada en el artículo 19, Nº 5, de la Constitución Política. Aquella interpretación ha generado varias reacciones, algunas positivas y otras en un sentido contrario (El Mercurio, 2021). El principal cuestionamiento surge respecto a la constitucionalidad de la medida que es respaldada por la Contraloría. Sobre eso y otros temas creemos del todo relevante esgrimir algunos conceptos que nos ayudarán a entender aquel pronunciamiento y a vislumbrar algunas cuestiones que no fueron tratadas por el oficio, tales como qué responsabilidades surgirían para los funcionarios que comentan excesos en sus fiscalizaciones, y cuáles y hasta cuándo podrían mantenerse los efectos del oficio.
The Aliyah of 1949: Unpublished Migration Requests of Jews from Romania as Vehicles of Memory
Authors:   Social Anthropology Unit, University of Fribourg, Switzerland, Mateoc Raluca
Published: January 2023

In 1949, the political context of the People’s Republic of Romania and of the newly founded Israeli state formally provided a framework for the immigration of Romanian Jews to Israel, upon the opening of the Israeli Legation in Bucharest in 1948. Our paper proposes an analysis of the Aliyah in 1949 as portrayed in migration requests addressed by members of the Jewish community all over Romania to the Israeli Legation in Bucharest. The requests, never published before, have been hosted since 1997 by the Center for Research on Romanian Jewry within the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. First, we address the history of the fonds, the hypotheses of historians on the submission of the requests, the shape of the material and characteristics of the documents. Second, our in-depth textual analysis allows a refined understanding of writing patterns, engagements, and reasons for requesting migration. Overall, our study contributes to the understanding of archives as “vehicles of memory” (Confino 2011) and of individual and group responses to historical transformations.
The Little White / Black Book of the Ethnological Archive of the Museum of the Romanian Peasant. 2009-2019
Authors:   National Museum of the Romanian Peasant, Bucharest, Romania, Șerban Iris , Popescu Ioana ,   National Museum of the Romanian Peasant, Bucharest, Romania, Tarara Andra ,   National Museum of the Romanian Peasant, Bucharest, Romania
Published: January 2023

In the last 10 years, the Ethnological Archive of the Museum of the Romanian Peasant has gone through different stages during a period marked, on the one hand, by the settling down of the Museum, and on the other hand, by the passing of the torch from the “old” to the “new” generation. At present, the Archive is facing an ambiguous era: while the team blossoms, the lack of vision and financial resources in the wider Romanian cultural context pulls it back. We tell the journey of an Archive kept constantly alive by the people who managed, explored and contributed to its growth; we look back at the successes and the failures, in order to open up the Archive for reflection and possible solutions.
Making the Documents Speak—A Creative Exploration of the Mihai Pop Fonds
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Faculty of Letters, Romania, Pop Rucsandra , Iorga Alexandru ,   University of Bucharest & Constantin Brăiloiu Institute for Ethnography and Folklore, Romania
Published: January 2023

In 2016, the Mihai Pop Fonds was established as part of the Image Archive at the Romanian Peasant Museum, and this past year has seen a real effort to organize the documents left behind by the scholar. The Fonds brings together key documents: a rich correspondence with Romanian and foreign research¬ers; Mihai Pop’s field notes from the sociological research campaigns; his PhD thesis, which has yet to be published; documents related to his participation in national and international congresses; his notes for the folklore lectures he gave at the University; and many other documents. The paper aims to present how an interdisciplinary team of ten researchers and artists organized various types of documents from the personal archive of Mi¬hai Pop in order to make it accessible to both specialists interested in the topic and the general public. The paper highlights the contents of the Fonds and focuses on the difficulties involved in organizing a personal archive. The paper will show not only how the Mihai Pop Fonds was shaped in the process, but how the network of people interested in his work has grown and come together in this process, generating new knowledge and new perspectives.
“Free Choice” in Marriage-making among Romanianized Roma
Authors:   Justus Liebig University, Germany, Racleș Andreea
Published: January 2023

Anthropological research with Roma has consistently shown the significance of marriage-making practices in the reproduction of distinctiveness relative to non-Roma. Yet, my research with Ursari Roma—who identify as Romanianized Roma—indicates that marriage-making and family ideals can also bring out commonalities between Roma and non-Roma, thus complicating the notion of clear-cut Roma/non-Roma distinctions. In this article, I analyze how free choice claims assist Roma in negotiating similarity and distinction between “we-Romanianized Roma” and other Roma, non-Roma, and own ideals of the past. I suggest that the claimed freedom to choose whom to marry/love and the asserted capacity to choose between “viable” and “unviable” practices are central to the repertoire of self-identification as Romanianized Roma.
Constraints on “Free Choice”: The Role of Marriage in a Hungarian Romungro Community
Authors:   Centre for Social Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Centre of Excellence, Hungary, Kovai Cecília
Published: January 2023

Marriage has been studied by anthropologists usually in so-called “traditional” Roma communities. These communities are said to have “successfully” avoided assimilation and the process of proletarianization. According to classical anthropological studies, marriage plays an important role in maintaining the organization of these communities and their “cultural system” (Gay y Blasco 1999; Okely 1996; Sutherland 1976; Tesăr 2012; Williams 2000). Based on longterm ethnographical fieldwork from 2000 to 2013, my paper will discuss the meanings that marriage takes in a Hungarian Romungro community,1 which is highly affected by processes of assimilation and proletarianization. I will point out that although the concept and practice of marriage here are different from those of non-proletarianized communities—for example, the notion of “arranged marriage” does not exist among Romungros—marriage seems to be the most significant institution in the everyday life of the community. The institution of marriage can be interpreted through intersectionality, along with the kinship system and gender relationships, but it should not be separated from ethnic identity, everyday practices of ethnic distinctions, and class position either. Drawing on two case studies, I will show how the institution of marriage relates to the extended family, the Gypsy/Hungarian distinction, and the class positions within this community, and how the process of proletarianization affects the role and concepts of marriage.
Behaviour of Innovative Concrete Sandwich Panels with Pervious Concrete Core under Flexural Bending
Authors: ARUNRAJ CHRISTADOSS Jeyabalan , PAZHANI Chinnaraj
Published: January 2023

Research studies investigating the possibility of using new core material (other than polystyrene) in concrete sandwich panels are being reported in the literature. In this paper, lightweight pervious concrete core is proposed as a new alternative. In this paper, the flexural behaviour of concrete sandwich panels with pervious concrete core is investigated under three-point and four-point bending conditions. The geometrical variables considered are core thickness and number of shear connector lines. Test results showed that, sandwich panels without shear connector trusses failed due to separation of wythes, and the panels with shear connector trusses achieved composite action. The variables considered were found to influence the initial stiffness, cracking moment, ultimate moment, load-deflection behaviour and load-strain behaviour of the panels. Analytical study indicated that the equation given in ACI 318 underestimated the strength of the tested panels. The equation have to be modified by explicitly including the shear connector details in the equation for predicting the flexural strength with reasonable accuracy. Further experimental and analytical studies on prototype concrete sandwich panels with pervious concrete core produced using lightweight aggregates are required in view of developing design guidelines for practical applications.
Günter Brus: a walk through totality
Authors: Kubart Tomáš
Published: January 2023

This study focuses on examining a specific artwork of a member of the Austrian action group of Viennese Actionism, Günter Brus through the prism of Trauma Studies. The research question of how the trauma of World War II expressed itself in the art of Günter Brus encompasses a focus on three sub-areas based on the nature and definition of trauma and following neurosis/psychosis: individual trauma (e.g., childhood trauma), societal trauma (a consequence of WWII), and the return of trauma if it has not been consistently processed. The experience of WWII left traumas in the generation of artists such as Brus (e.g., his experience of bombing at an early age) that were individual, society-wide (the complicity of the whole Austrian society in the Nazi crimes and the Shoa), and/or the traumas caused by some recurring trauma. According to a British theatrologist Patrick Duggan, trauma on the individual level is doubled upon recurrence, which is similar to the conclusion at which German researcher Gerald Schröder arrives when he writes about the Wiederholungstrauma of a society on the whole. When the level of social traumatisation reaches a borderline level, it manifests itself through various valves, including artistic ones. Günter Brus became such a materialisation of the repetition of trauma, a living reminder, literally walking through the streets of Vienna during his event Vienna Walk. The study introduces and describes the nature of such trauma in the artwork of the Austrian post-war artist through the framework of Duggan's methodology coupled with trauma-related symptomatology.
Service-learning experience through outreach and engagement with science and technology museums
Authors: Alsina Aubach Montserrat , Gaona Boixader Roger , Bel Roset Guillem , Ventura Alsina Pau , Fornell Rodríguez David
Published: January 2023

The paper describes and analyzes the service-learning experiences of various engineering students in two science and technology museums, over the years 2020, 2021 and 2022. The experience was based on the design and implementation of education and outreach activities and scaffolding material was provided. Student learning was significant not only in terms of content but also in terms of generic and transversal competencies. In addition, this service-learning model shows a good potential to address some of the problems in engineering today, such as the declining interest in engineering among school students. Thus, it can be a win-win model for all the agents involved: museums, university, the student himself and society in general.
PECULIAR FEATURES AND SURGICAL APPROACH IN SYNDROMES WITH
MAXILLOFACIAL IMPLICATIONS: A CASE SERIES AND UPDATED REVIEW
Authors: Grillo Ricardo , Pereira Madruga Luciano , Clementino de Almeida Júnior Jeová , Lucamba Agnelo , Roberto Pacheco Jodas Claudio , Gonçalves Teixeira Rubens
Published: January 2023

Objectives: This paper aims to discuss some important aspects of surgical planning and treatment of some syndromes with maxillofacial implications. Methods: A case series of five different syndromes with maxillofacial implications was reported. We searched MEDLINE for a surgical approach to these maxillofacial syndromes. PROCESS guidelines have been adopted for the current case series. A Pearson correlation test was performed and considered significant only with a 95% confidence interval. Discussion: The number of publications on the subject of maxillofacial surgery is not related to the incidence of the reported syndromes. Surgical planning and treatment have been discussed in cases of Eagle´s syndrome, Jacob´s disease, Crouzon syndrome, Cleidocranial dysplasia, and Goldenhar syndrome. A brief report of the features of the syndrome and surgical procedures involved were evaluated. Conclusions: Styloidectomy and coronoidectomy are considered the best treatments for Eagle´s syndrome and Jacob´s disease, respectively. For some syndromes, tailored surgical treatment is essential. Some data must be considered in surgical planning and treatment. Depending on one characteristic or another, the surgical procedure can be chosen.
MAGNIFICATION, ULTRASONICS AND BIOCERAMICS - THE IDEAL TRIO FOR FILE
RETRIEVAL: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Bhasin Prashant , Vats Vrinda , Chauhan Sachin , Tandon Monika , Kumar Hemanshi , Chugh Rajiv
Published: January 2023

During routine endodontic therapy, a clinician may encounter many procedural errors which alter the course and outcome of the treatment. Instrument separation is one of the most common types of procedural error, resulting in metallic obstruction in the canal and impeding efficient cleaning and shaping of the root canal. The clinician has to evaluate the options of attempting retrieval, bypassing or leaving the fragment as it is. When an attempt such a fragment becomes difficult, it should be retrieved with the help of ultrasonics under magnification and the canals should with bioceramic sealer to improve the tooths prognosis.
Andrology laboratory review: evaluation of sperm motility
Authors: Peter Augustine T. , Brito Leonardo , Althouse Gary , Aurich Christine , Chenoweth Peter , Fraser Natalie , Lopate Cheryl , Love Charles , Luvoni Gaia , Waberski Dagmar
Published: January 2023

This review is an effort by the andrology taskforce of the Association of Applied AnimalAndrology, American College of Theriogenologists, European College of Animal Reproduction, andSociety for Theriogenology. It is intended to serve as a reference on methods to evaluate spermmotility in domestic animals and to contribute to adoption of best practices in veterinary andrologylaboratories and semen processing centers. Sperm motility evaluation topics covered include samplepreparation, subjective evaluation, computer-assisted semen analysis, and use of sperm qualityanalyzers. Emphasis is given to principles of the methods, equipment, performing evaluation, andcommon mistakes and/or pitfalls. In addition, precision and accuracy of the various methods arediscussed.
Successful pregnancies in a mare after laparoscopic unilateral ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Clulow Jennifer , Nugent Samuel , Adkins Angus
Published: January 2023

A 6 year old Thoroughbred mare was presented for investigation of infertility. Over 3consecutive seasons, she had been bred naturally (14 controlled estrous cycles) with 3 Thoroughbredstallions and did not become pregnant. The mare was bred artificially over 3 estrous cycles withsemen from a Quarter horse stallion (known for excellent fertility). Both ovaries appeared functional.During embryo collection on day 7 postovulation, failure of appropriate dilation of left uterine hornwas noticed after embryo collecting medium was infused. Diagnostic hysteroscopy was performedand partial patency defect of the left uterine horn was identified. After sedation and local anesthesia, aunilateral laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy was performed while the mare was standing.Approximately 80% of the left uterine horn was removed using a vasculature sealing device toprovide hemostasis and intracorporeal suturing technique was used for uterine closure. Subsequently,the mare became pregnant and foaled twice.
Theoretical Background of Cryptography
Authors: Rusul Mansoor Al-Amri  , Dalal N. Hamood  , Alaa Kadhim Farhan
Published: January 2023

Cryptography is the practice of secure communication and the study of secure communication techniques. The theoretical foundations of cryptography include concepts such as cryptography, secure key exchange, digital signatures, and authentication. These technologies are used to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and reliability of information while it is being transmitted over a network or stored in digital form. The core of encryption is the concept of an encryption algorithm, which is a set of mathematical rules used to encrypt and decrypt data. The security of a cryptographic system depends on the strength of the underlying algorithm and the confidentiality of the key used to encrypt and decrypt the data.  In this paper, Cryptography concepts and modern techniques are reviewed for types of encryption algorithms and the best ones, and many types of attacks and their impact on the encryption process
Hérodote. Revue de géographie et de géopolitique: OSINT, enquêtes et terrains numériques
Authors: Burdman Julio
Published: January 2023

El trabajo propone una renovación de las categorías geopolíticas del sistema de inteligencia, tanto en sus instancias de planificación como de producción y formación, y se enfoca en la necesidad de incorporar conceptos y métodos de la geopolítica crítica contemporánea a tal efecto. El objetivo central de este esfuerzo, se sostiene, es recuperar el sentido general de la inteligencia estratégica nacional (IEN), a la que se ve en situación de relativa “orfandad” como consecuencia de los debates políticos e institucionales que dominaron al sistema de inteligencia, sobre todo en los últimos años. Se identifica, sin embargo, que una de las restricciones que enfrenta el sistema proviene del código geopolítico nacional limitado, una construcción que la inteligencia por sí sola no puede cambiar, aunque sí puede contribuir a un mayor desarrollo de la conciencia geopolítica nacional. Se postula que la IEN, desde su lugar en la relación con las instituciones políticas nacionales, puede proveer un servicio estratégico valioso para el Estado nacional.