bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILL OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENT THROUGH MINGLE MODEL
Authors: FR Indrawati , Inayaturrohmah Rofi
Published: December 2020

The purposes of this study are to unveil the application of Mingle Model to enhance students’ speaking skill at tenth grade of Vocational High School Number 1 Simpangkatis, Bangka and to clarify whether there was or not a significance difference of student mastery of speaking skills between two classes; experimental class where Mingle Model was implemented and non-experimental class where there was no new model given by teacher. This study used quantitative approach with quasi experimental design. There were 72 students from two classes taken as the sample purposively; TKI 1 and TKI 2. This research applied Mingle Model as the treatment given to the experimental class. This study considers some aspects in speaking; comprehension, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and fluency. From the finding, it showed that the students who were given Mingle Model treatment reached better or higher score in the post test than the students who were taught by Non-Mingle Model. In this case, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted as t-obtained, 3.56, was higher than the critical value of t-table, 2.00. Based on the evidence above, the research concluded that between the experimental and control group there was a considerable difference of students’ speaking performances. Therefore, the findings of this study confirmed that M
RESEARCH OF THE ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACT ON THE AUTOMOBILIZATION LEVEL
Authors: Semchenko N.
Published: December 2020

Mortality from road accidents continues to rise, amounting to 1.35 million deaths per year. It is emphasized that today injuries as a result of road accidents are the main cause of children death and young people aged 5-29 years and the three main causes of person’s death aged 5 to 44 years. Studies of road safety various aspects in different countries have shown that the world has long and steadily formed a global problem of irregular road accidents. First of all, the inverse dependence of the emergency risk on the material well-being of countries is clearly visible. The risk of death as a result of road accidents in low-income countries is three times higher than in high-income countries. The highest rates are in Africa (26.6 cases per 100,000 people) and the lowest in Europe (9.3 cases per 100,000 people). In addition, in recent years, experts are trying to link the actual accident rate in countries with the life quality of their populations. Quality of life as a concept includes not only the material level but also the satisfaction of spiritual needs, health, life expectancy, environmental conditions, moral and psychological climate, emotional comfort, etc., which ultimately determines the transport culture of the population.
In this regard, it is of interest to identify links between the results of rating assessments of the people life quality in different countries and the level of these countries road safety typical. To do this, first of all it is necessary to assess the economic factors impact on the motorization level, which is insufficiently studied.
The purpose is to determine the dependences of the economic factors impact, namely gross domestic product per capita and average wages, on the motorization level.
The data for the study were taken from official statistical sources. The results were processed by methods of mathematical statistics and regression analysis.
According to the results of the experiments, regression models were obtained for European countries; Asia and Oceania; The Middle East; Africa; North, Central America and the Caribbean; South America.
The comparison of the simulated values and the initial data showed a high degree of correlation.
The originality lies in the fact that the regularities of the economic factors influence on the motorization level are investigated, which makes it possible to obtain predicted values in the future.
Improving the efficiency and safety of vehicles on the road network is possible based on the use of the motorization level predicted values in research. The obtained research results can be used to determine the feasibility of introducing certain measures to organize traffic.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PENGATURAN ABORTUS PROVOKATUS TERHADAP KORBAN PEMERKOSAAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Shahrullah Rina Shahriyani , Elza Syarief  , Lu Sudirman  , Tedy Surya
Published: December 2020

Abortion or abortus provokatus constitutes a termination of pregnancy before the time of delivery. The objective of the study is to ascertain if the Abortion-related Health Law is a realistic rule based on the health aspects, as well as to analyze how long it should be allowed by the Health Law to perform an abortion according to medical criteria. The study uses a method of normative legal research. It concludes that the Health Law pertaining abortion is a realistic rule based on health aspects. Yet, it  is necessary to revise the abortion rules due to rape incidents. The rules permits the abortion if the gestational age is 6 (six) weeks or 40 (forty) days. It is calculated from the first day of the last period. It suggests that the gestational age should be 12 (twelve) weeks or 3 (three) months from the first day of the last period.

 

Keywords: Abortus Provocatus, Legal Protection, Rape Victims
OMNIBUS LAW ANTARA DESIDERATA DAN REALITA
Authors: Amin Rizal Irvan
Published: December 2020

Tulisan ini membedah diskrepansi pelaksanaan omnibus law di Indonesia, antara apa yang idealnya terjadi dengan apa yang nyatanya terjadi. Saat omnibus law diharapkan menjadi solusi ampuh dari ruwetnya regulasi di Indonesia justru realitanya bertransformasi menjadi ladang permasalahan baru yang menuai banyak respon negatif dari berbagai kalangan masyarakat. Omnibus law yang ditafsirkan oleh Pemerintah dan DPR sebagai terobosan progresif untuk mengatasi permasalahan multisektoral ditafsirkan berbeda oleh beberapa kalangan masyarakat dan akademisi sebagai RUU yang cacat, baik dari segi formal maupun material. Meskipun keberadaan omnibus law bukanlah suatu barang baru dalam teori hukum, tetapi keberadaanya masih terdengan asing di dalam dialektika ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Untuk itu tujuan daripada tulisan ini adalah untuk mengupas bagaimana hakikat dari omnibus law dan pelaksanaanya di Indonesia.
STATE INSTITUTION «NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTER FOR RADIATION MEDICINE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES OF UKRAINE» – RESEARCH ACTIVITIES AND SCIENTIFIC ADVANCE IN 2019
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Bazyka D. , Sushko V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Chumak A. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Fedirko P. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Talko V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Yanovych L. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Research activities and scientific advance achieved in 2019 at the State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» (NRCRM) concerning medical problems of the Chornobyl disaster, radiation medicine, radiobiology, radiation hygiene and epidemiology in collaboration with the WHO network of medical preparedness and assistance in radiation accidents are outlined in the annual report. The report presents the results of fundamental and applied research works of the study of radiation effects and health effects of the Chornobyl accident. The report also shows the results of scientific-organizational and health care work, staff training. The Scientific Council meeting of NAMS approved the NRCRM Annual Report. Key words: NRCRM, Chornobyl, radiation effects, epidemiology, radiation hygiene, treatment of victims, international cooperation, personnel.
USE OF ANTHROPOMORPHIC HETEROGENEOUS PHYSICAL PHANTOMS FOR VALIDATION OF COMPUTATIONAL DOSIMETRY OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL AND PATIENTS
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Chumak V. , Petrenko N. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Bakhanova O. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Voloskyi V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Treskunova T. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

In the dosimetry of ionizing radiation, the phantoms of the human body, which are used as a replacement for the human body in physical measurements and calculations, play an important, but sometimes underestimated, role. There are physical phantoms used directly for measurements, and mathematical phantoms for computational dosimetry. Their complexity varies from simple geometry applied for calibration purposes up to very complex, which simulates in detail the shapes of organs and tissues of the human body. The use of physical anthropomorphic phantoms makes it possible to effectively optimize radiation doses by adjusting the parameters of CT-scanning (computed tomography) in accordance with the characteristics of the patient without compromising image quality. The use of phantoms is an indispensable approach to estimate the actual doses to the organs or to determine the effective dose of workers – values that are regulated, but cannot be directly measured. The article contains an overview of types, designs and the fields of application of anthropomorphic heterogeneous physical phantoms of a human with special emphasis on their use for validation of models and methods of computational dosimetry. Key words: dose, ionizing radiation, physical, mathematical phantoms, computational dosimetry.
INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC STATE OF RADIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED AREAS OF UKRAINE
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for radiation Medicine of the National Academy of medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Gunko N. , Korotkova N. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for radiation Medicine of the National Academy of medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Objective. Basing on the integrated assessment to conduct a comparative statistical analysis as of 2016 of the demographic state of the areas of Ukraine that are recognized as those with the most intensive radiological contamination due to the Chornobyl NPP accident. Study object. The population of the regions of Ukraine with the most intensive radiological contamination due to the Chornobyl NPP accident and the population of Ukraine as a whole (control). Materials and methods. The data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and its regional offices were used as information base in this study. Integrated assessment of the demographic situation in a oblast was conducted based on the calculations of the territorial indices and multidimensional average variable on each region. Demographic, mathematical-statistical, graphic, software-technological methods were used in this study. Results and conclusion. Radiologically contaminated regions of Ukraine differ significantly: both by the number of population (from 5800 people in the Poliske region to 105100 people in the Sarny region), and by the variability in themedical and demographic indicators; bothone from another and compared to data for the country. The results of the calculations of 10 medical and demographic («positive» and «negative») territorial indices and multidimensional average variable (P) as integrative assessment of the demographic state have revealed that the best indicators of the demographic situation in 2016 were in Rokytne (P = 1.249) and Sarny (P = 1.112) regions of the Rivne oblast, while the worse indicators were in Kozelets (P = 0.363) and Ripky regions of the Chernihiv oblast. The demographic situation of the Olevsk region of the Zhytomyr oblast (P = 0.947)was the closest to the national average one. Poliske, Narodychi, Ovruch, Ivankiv and Korosten regions take intermediate position as comparedto the regions of Rivne and Chernihiv oblasts (P = 0.618–0.742). Key words: Chornobyl accident, radioactively contaminated areas, demographic situation, integrated assessment.
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION OF THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE BY IODINE-131 DURING INITIAL PERIOD OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT USING THE RESULTS FROM NUMERICAL MODEL WRF
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,   12 Lysogirska St., Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine, Talerko M. , Lev T. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,   12 Lysogirska St., Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine, Drozdovitch V. ,   Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, 9609 Medical   Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, Masiuk S. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical   Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Objective. To reconstruct the 131I activity concentrations in air and 131I ground deposition densities from 26 April to 7 May 1986 from the radioactivity release after the Chornobyl accident in the settlements of Ukraine using the mesoscale radionuclides atmospheric transport model LEDI and meteorological information from the numerical weather forecast model WRF and to compare the obtained results with those calculated previously as well as with available measurements of 131I activity in soil. Object of research: the near-ground layer of the atmosphere and the surface of the territory of Ukraine radioactively contaminated as a result of the Chornobyl accident. Materials and methods of research. The dispersion of 131I in the atmosphere and deposition on the ground surface in Ukraine were calculated using the Lagrangian-Eulerian diffusion model LEDI. The detailed fields of meteorological parameters calculated using the mesoscale weather forecast model WRF, which was adapted for the territory of Ukraine, were used as input data for the LEDI model. Results. The 131I daily-average activity concentrations in the surface air and 131I daily ground deposition densities from 26 April to 7 May 1986 were calculated using the up-to-date mesoscale model of numerical weather forecast WRF for 30,352 settlements in entire Ukraine, including 1,263 settlements in Kyiv, 1,717 – in Zhytomyr and 1,570 – in Chernihiv Oblasts. Conclusions. The method of mathematical modeling of the atmospheric transport of the radionuclides is combination with the up-to-date mesoscale model of numerical weather forecast WRF is a useful tool for reconstruction of radioactive contamination of the air and the ground surface after the Chornobyl accident. Calculated in this study 131I activity concentrations in air and 131I ground deposition densities were used to reconstruct the thyroid doses due to 131I intake to the population of Ukraine. Key words: Chornobyl accident, Iodine-131, atmospheric transport model.
COMPARATIVE MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF COLONY-FORMING ABILITYOF THE BONE MARROW OF MICE LETHALLY AND NON-LETHALLY IRRADIATED WITH EQUAL DOSE RATE INTENSITY
Authors:   National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 G. Skovorody Str., Kyiv 04070, Boiko R. , Bilko D. ,   National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 G. Skovorody Str., Kyiv 04070, Russu I. ,   National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 G. Skovorody Str., Kyiv 04070, Bilko N. ,   National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 G. Skovorody Str., Kyiv 04070
Published: December 2020

Objective. To perform comparative analysis of the characteristics of population functioning process of mice bone marrow colony-forming units after their prolonged irradiation in lethal and non-lethal doses with equal dose rate intensity with the aid of mathematical model. Materials and methods. Assigned task is solved by means of mathematical model of alterations in the number of bone marrow colony-forming units after continuous irradiation, described in previous works, with the use of experimental results of K. S. Chertkov works (1972, 1973). Mathematical model is developed basing on the hematopoiesis scheme introduced by I. L. Chertkov (1984, 1991). Results and conclusions. By applying original mathematical model, new scheme of hematopoiesis [6], with the use of experimental results of γ-irradiation influence in the doses of 4 Gy and 8 Gy with the dose rate intensity of 0.0028 Gy/min on the number of mice bone marrow colony-forming units, as well as experimental data concerning the processes of their number recovery, obtained from literature references, we determined the parameters, which characterize hematopoietic system reaction on the different stages of recovery processes of mice bone marrow colony-forming units after the termination of ionizing radiation action; comparative analysis of obtained results was performed. Key words: ionizing radiation, lethal and non-lethal doses, bone marrow, functional properties, mathematical modelling.
EXPRESSION OF LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE AND c-MYC ONCOGENE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA AFFECTED BY THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Bilous N. , Abramenko I. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Chumak A. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Diagil I. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Martina Z. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Objective. to determine the association between the expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and c-MYC genes in peripheral blood cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients affected by the Chornobyl catastrophe depending on the mutational status of IGHV genes. Methods. Analysis was performed in the group of 69 CLL patients irradiated due to the Chornobyl NPP accident (58 clean-up workers of 1986 year, 6 inhabitants of radionuclide contaminated areas, and 5 evacuees). The IGHV gene mutational status was studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by direct sequencing. LPL and c-MYC expression was evaluated by Quantitative Real-time PCR. Data were analyzed with the SPSS software package, version 20.0. Results. Relative LPL expression levels in CLL samples ranged from 0 to 1663.5 (mean 138.47 ± 30.69, median 26.1). A strong correlation between individual LPL expression levels and IGHV mutational status was found (r = 0.684; p < 0.0001). The average relative c-MYC expression level was 5.7 ± 0.87 (median 2.86; range 0–48.5). No association between c-MYC expression and IGHV mutational status was found. Among unmutated IGHV cases, a correlation between LPL and c-MYC gene expression levels was identified: r = 0.351; p = 0.013. Conclusions. Our data confirm the dominant concept that unmutated IGHV CLL cases are more sensitive to the action of proliferative stimuli compared to mutated IGHV CLL cases. This is manifested by an increase in the expression of a functionally significant LPL gene, is one for the strongest negative prognostic markers in CLL. Key words: lymphocytic leukemia, LPL, c-MYC, IGHV genes, Chornobyl NPP accident.
CHANGES OF CYCLIN D1-DEPENDENT REGULATION OF CELL CYCLE IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES OF CHORNOBYL CLEAN-UP WORKERS AT A REMOTE PERIOD AFTER RADIATION EXPOSURE
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Golyarnik N. , Ilyenko I. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Zvarych L. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Bazyka D. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Objective. To study proliferative potential of peripheral blood lymphocytes of Chornobyl clean-up workers by level of expression of cyclin D1 and quantitative parameters of cell cycle at a remote period after radiation exposure. Materials and methods. The research subject was the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PB) of Chornobyl clean-up workers 30–33 years after radiation exposure. A total of 207 men were surveyed, 164 of them were clean-up workers exposed in the dose range 10.43–3623.31 mSv and 43 persons of the control group. Analysis of proliferation potential (cell cycle initiation) and cyclin D1 expression in PB lymphocytes were performed in vitro by a micro method of whole blood leukocytes culture with phytohemagglutinine-P (PHA). Sample preparation was performed by a standard immunofluorescent assay for intracellular proteins using the FITC labelled Mouse Anti-Human Cyclin D1 Antibody Set. Cell distribution by cell cycle phases studied by propidium iodide DNA staining and analysis on FACSCalibur laser flow cytometer in histogram mode with separation of G0/G1-, S- and G2/M-regions and Sub-G0/G1- region (apoptotic cells). Results and conclusions. An increase in the level of spontaneous сyclin D1 expression and disturbance of сyclin D1-dependent regulation of cell cycle of PB lymphocytes after mitogen activation were determined in a remote period after radiation exposure. An increase in the level of cyclin D1 expression was accompanied by increase in pool of cells in the S- and G2/M-phases of cell cycle which characterizes the high proliferative potential of PB lymphocytes. Mitogen-induced delay of cell cycle of lymphocytes in G1/S check point and reduction of S-phase was revealed. These changes are a manifestation of genomic instability caused by the effect of radiation and depend on the radiation dose. The results confirm the hypothesis about the significance of levels of cyclin D1 expression, as a criterion for manifestations of genome instability and risks of oncogenesis in a remote period after irradiation. Key words: cell cycle, cell proliferation, cyclin D1, genome instability, radiation exposure, Chornobyl clean-up workers.
MOLECULAR GENETIC ASPECTS OF BRONCHIAL HYPERREACTIVITY IN CHILDREN – RESIDENTS OF RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED AREAS
Authors:   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Stepanova Ye. , Kolpakov I. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Vdovenko V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Zigalo V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Kondrashova V. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine, Leonovich O. ,   State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Objective. to determine the relationship between polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase gene family and bronchial hyperreactivity in children living in radioactively contaminated areas. Materials and methods. School age children-residents of radioactively contaminated areas (RCA), without clinical signs of respiratory pathology were examined. Molecular genetic studies were carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for further analysis. The GSTT1, GSTM1 gene deletion polymorphism was investigated using multiplex PCR. PCR and PCR-RFLP analyses were performed in the study of the GSTP1 gene A313G polymorphism. The ventilation lung capacity was examined by the pneumotachographic method according to the analysis of «the flow–volume» loop. The pharmacologic inhalation test with bronchodilator drug, affecting the β2-adrenergic lung receptors was used to detect the early changes in the ventilation lung capacity – the bronchial hyperreactivity (latent and nonlatent bronchospasm). Results. Molecular genetic studies showed that the GSTM1 gene deletion genotype and the GSTP1 gene A313G polymorphism were found significantly more often in the subgroup of children with bronchial hyperreactivity living in RCA than in children without bronchial hyperreactivity and children of the control group. The frequency of GSTT1 deletion polymorphism did not have a statistically significant difference in all subgroups. Conclusions. The GSTM1 gene deletion polymorphism and the GSTP1 gene A313G genotype may be a risk factor for developing bronchial hyperreactivity in children living under adverse environmental conditions, including radioactively contaminated areas. Key words: children, radioactively contaminated areas, bronchial hyperreactivity, glutathione-S-transferase gene polymorphisms.
İran'da Feminizmin Gelişimi
Authors: ABDOLLAHİFARD Pouneh
Published: December 2020

Kadim medeniyetlerin beşiği olarak uygarlık tarihi içerisinde müstesna bir yere sahip olan İran, coğrafi konumunun da etkisiyle birçok kültürün buluşma noktası olmuştur. Bu noktada bir medeniyetin gelişim sürecini takip ederken kadınların o kültür içerisindeki konumunu tespit etmek önemli bir gösterge olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Kadın olgusu bu kadim medeniyetin eski dönemlerinden itibaren özel bir incelemeye tabi tutulacak bir tarihsel süreç yaşamıştır. Bu araştırma İran’daki kadın algısının tarihsel sürecini çözümleme açısından belli dönemleri ele almaktadır. Bu doğrultuda İran’da kadın hakları bağlamında meydana gelen gelişme ve buna karşıt olarak gerilemeler değerlendirilmektedir. Kaçarlar dönemi, Sanayi Devrimi sonrası dünyada başlayan kadın hareketlerine paralel olarak önemli bir yere sahip olmakla beraber sonrasında kurulan İran İslam Cumhuriyeti’nin kadına bakış açısı izlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ele alınan dönemin olayları kadının hak mücadelesi bağlamında incelenirken, bunların İran siyasi, sosyal ve kültürel hayatındaki yeri de tespit edilmeye çalışılmaktadır.
Dietary intake and nutritional status of Korean children and adolescents: a review of national survey data
Authors: Kang Minji , Choi So Yoon , Jung Minyoung
Published: December 2020

In Korea, several national cross-sectional surveys monitor the diet, nutritional status, and health status of children. This continual dedicated national surveillance system contributes to the identification of nutritional and health issues, establishment of public health policies, and development of nutrition recommendations. This paper provides recent information about the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey and describes key nationwide survey findings published in the last 5 years on infant feeding practices and the dietary intake and nutritional status of Korean infants, children, and adolescents. There have been increasing trends in children, and teenagers who skip breakfast, eat fast food, consume sugary drinks, have vitamin D deficiency, and are obese. This review will inform pediatricians, nutritionists, and other health care practitioners who track children’s growth and development. It may also help researchers and policymakers identify diet-related policies and strategies for chronic disease prevention in Korean infants, children, and adolescents.
Monkey pod odununda yüzey pürüzlülüğü parametrelerinin ve shore - D sertlik değerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: ÇAMLIBEL Osman , AYATA Ümit
Published: December 2020

Yabancı tür ağaçlarından birisi olan monkey pod (Pithecellobium saman (Jacq.) Benth.), sert ve ağır bir yapıya sahip olup, ahşabı döşeme, kalıp yapımı, tornalama, dolap yapımı, mobilya, yer döşemesi, panel ve cephe kaplaması olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, monkey pod odununda farklı numaralara (80, 100, 120, 150, 180 ve 220) sahip zımparaların kullanılması ile elde edilen yüzeyler üzerinde yüzey pürüzlülüğü parametreleri ve shore - D sertlik değeri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen testlere ait sonuçlar bazı ağaç türleri ile kıyaslanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlara göre, monkey pod odununda shore - D sertlik değeri 71.70 olarak belirlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak, zımparalama işlemlerinden sonra zımpara numarasının artması ile yüzey pürüzlülüğü parametrelerine (Ra, Rz ve Rq) ait sonuçların azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Zımparalama işleminden sonra, Ra parametresi 80 no’lu zımpara için 6.462 µm, 100 no’lu zımpara için 5.473 µm, 120 no’lu zımpara için 4.521 µm, 150 no’lu zımpara için 3.761 µm, 180 no’lu zımpara için 2.681 µm ve 220 no’lu zımpara için 1.883 µm olarak elde edilmiştir.
Immersion Project in Immokalee Florida: RN-BSN Students as Change Makers Improving the Health and Well-being of Migrant Workers and Their Families
Authors: Etienne Marie O. , Messmer Patricia R. , Henri Nancy , Roberts Mark , Williams Julissa
Published: December 2020

Background: Access to health care is a challenge for migrant workers due to lack of resources and affordability; resulting in high incidence of communicable diseases, chronic illnesses, infant mortality, malnutrition, sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/ AIDS and other serious illnesses. Etienne, Messmer, Danis and Blot [1] reported on RN-BSN students providing education, prevention and caring for Haitians working in the sugar cane fields (Bateyes) in Dominican Republic.

Purpose: The purpose of the immersion project in Immokalee, Florida was to serve and educate migrant workers and their families in dire need of health care.The main focus was on health promotion and lifestyle changes (empowering people to take charge of their own health).

Methods: This descriptive study was based on Gallant (2012) “Nursing Analysis: The Effects on Student Learning” in Munhall [2] Nursing Research: A Qualitative Perspective. One-to-one face interviews were conducted on 45 RN-BSN nursing students participating in two immersion projects in Immokalee, Florida.

Results: Forty-five RN-BSN Students participated in two different five-day immersion projects October 23-29, 2018 and October 25- 29, 2019. The students provided health screening and educational programs in three churches, at boys and girls club and center for girls for 960 Migrant workers, children and families for the 1st Immersion. For the 2nd immersion project students served 820 migrant workers, children and families. Of Interviews conducted on the 45 RN-BSN students in both immersions and transcribed, 30 were selected for content analysis.

Conclusion: This life-changing humanitarian medical mission served this underserved vulnerable population, providing health care access and education. RN-BSN students improved their ability to provide culturally competent care, anticipating needs of migrant workers in a medically underserved health care settings in Immokalee, Florida. Health education have a positive impact on the community
Design of a Low-Frequency Harmonic Rotary Piezoelectric Actuator
Authors: Liang Kang , Li Chong , Tong Yujian , Fang Jiwen , Zhong Wei
Published: December 2020

Piezoelectric actuators usually operate under a high frequency driving signal. Here we report a harmonic rotating piezoelectric actuator by coupling a harmonic wave generator and a friction rotor, in which the actuator can be actuated by a low-frequency sinusoidal signal with positive bias. The harmonic wave is generated by a two-stage magnifying mechanism consisting of a displacement amplifier and a harmonic rod. Applying piezoelectricity theory, the actuator’s output characteristic equations are deduced. What is more, the output characteristics of piezoelectric actuators are tested with the established experimental system. Results show that the generated harmonic displacements can drive the actuator to work normally at a driving voltage of larger than 90 V and the maximum total harmonic displacement of the piezoelectric actuator comes up to 427.6 μm under the driving voltage of 150 V. Meanwhile, the error between the measured and calculated values of the harmonic displacement is less than 7%. Furthermore, the rotational speed of the piezoelectric actuator reaches 5.45 rpm/min at 150 V voltage and 5 Hz driving frequency.
Could Supercritical Extracts from the Aerial Parts of Helianthus salicifolius A. Dietr. and Helianthus tuberosus L. Be Regarded as Potential Raw Materials for Biocidal Purposes?
Authors: Malm Anna , Grzegorczyk Agnieszka , Biernasiuk Anna , Baj Tomasz , Rój Edward , Tyśkiewicz Katarzyna , Dębczak Agnieszka , Stolarski Mariusz Jerzy , Krzyżaniak Michał , Olba-Zięty Ewelina
Published: December 2020

Extracts from the June collection of aerial parts of Helianthus salicifolius A. Dietr and Helianthus tuberosus L. were obtained using carbon dioxide supercritical fluid extraction with water as co-solvent. The antimicrobial effect in vitro of these extracts was then determined against reference species of bacteria, as well as against fungi (represented by Candida spp.). Both extracts were found to possess antimicrobial activity, with MIC = 0.62–5 mg mL−1 for bacteria and MIC = 5–10 mg mL−1 for yeasts, and both extracts demonstrated suitable bactericidal and fungicidal effect. The highest activity was observed against S. aureus ATCC 29213 (MIC = 0.62 mg mL−1 for H. salicifolius extract; MIC = 2.5 mg mL−1 for H. tuberosus extract) as confirmed by time–kill assay. Higher antioxidant activity was found for H. tuberosus extract (EC50 = 0.332 mg mL−1) as compared to that of H. salicifolius (EC50 = 0.609 mg mL−1). The total polyphenol content (TPC) expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE) was 13.75 ± 0.50 mg GAE g−1 of H. salicifolius extract and 33.06 ± 0.80 mg GAE g−1 of H. tuberosus extract. There was a relationship between the antioxidant potential of both extracts and TPC, but not between antistaphylococcal activity and TPC. The ATIR–FTIR spectra of both extracts showed similar main vibrations of the functional groups typical for phytoconstituents possessing bioactivity. The obtained data suggest potential application of these extracts as natural antioxidants and preparations with biocidal activity. Additionally, both extracts may be regarded as potential natural conservants in cosmetics, as well as natural preservatives in food.
In Vitro and Cryobiotechnology Approaches to Safeguard Lupinus rivularis Douglas ex Lindl., an Endangered Plant in Canada
Authors: Popova Elena V. , Shukla Mukund R. , McIntosh Terry , Saxena Praveen K.
Published: December 2020

Conservation of threatened flora in genetic collections ex situ using in vitro culture and cryopreservation is receiving an increasing recognition as a complementary strategy to in situ conservation in natural habitats. The present study is focused on an integrated approach which involves conservation and propagation, emphasizing the usefulness of cryopreservation techniques for germplasm conservation of streambank lupine (Lupinus rivularis Douglas ex Lindl.), an endangered species in Canada. This included in vitro seed germination on Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with 1 µM thidiazuron to induce multiple shoot formation, micropropagation on a medium with 5 µM benzylaminopurine, and in vitro rooting on medium with 20.0 µM indole-3-butyric acid. Cryopreservation of seeds and shoot tips of in vitro grown plants was successful with over 60% seed germination and 62% regrowth of cryopreserved shoot tips, respectively. Plants developed from cryopreserved seeds had chlorophyll contents in leaves and the growth characteristics including the development of inflorescence, similar to plants raised from non-cryopreserved seeds. These results provide further evidence that the combination of micropropagation with cryopreservation of seeds and vegetative parts may effectively facilitate long-term preservation of L. rivularis and other endangered species.
Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) Fiber Fraction Content and Dry Matter Digestibility Following Biostimulant Application against the Background of Varied Nitrogen Regime
Authors: Godlewska Agnieszka , Ciepiela Grażyna Anna
Published: December 2020

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of an application of biostimulants, against the background of varied nitrogen regime, on the share of neutral detergent fraction (NDF), acid detergent fraction (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL) in the crude fiber fraction of Italian ryegrass as well as its digestibility. A field experiment was arranged as a randomized subblock design (split-plot) with three replicates at the Siedlce Experimental Unit of the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Poland in 2013. The following factors were examined: type of biostimulant: Algex, Tytanit, Asahi SL and a control; nitrogen application rate: 0 (control); 120 and 180 kg·ha−1. There were confirmed positive effects resulting from an application of biostimulants in Italian ryegrass cultivation. There was confirmed the assumed hypothesis that an application of both natural and synthetic biostimulants will make it possible to improve the feeding value of grasses by reducing the fiber fraction. Particular attention should be paid to the biostimulant Algex whose application in Italian ryegrass cultivation produced the most beneficial response in terms of the share of NDF, ADF, and ADL fractions, which resulted in the greatest increase in the plant dry matter digestibility. Increasing nitrogen rates significantly reduced the quantity of analyzed fiber fractions, and increased grass digestibility.
Composition, Physicochemical Features, and Covalent Gelling Properties of Ferulated Pectin Extracted from Three Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars Grown under Desertic Conditions
Authors: Lara-Espinoza Claudia , Sanchez-Villegas Jose A. , Lopez-Franco Yolanda , Carvajal-Millan Elizabeth , Troncoso-Rojas Rosalba , Carvallo-Ruiz Tania , Rascon-Chu Agustin
Published: December 2020

Sugar beet is a potential source of pectin, competitive with traditional sources, that has recently acquired great relevance for its interesting covalent gelling and applications in food and biomedical industries. Pectins from three Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) commercial cultivars (Cadet, Coronado large, and SV MEI) were grown under irrigated desertic conditions and the influence of cultivar, on pectin yield, composition, physicochemical and gelling characteristics was investigated. The composition and chemical properties of pectin from the three cultivars were in general, statistically different, especially in the Syngenta Cadet cultivar, presenting higher protein (10.3%), neutral sugars (21.6%), galacturonic acid (55%) and ferulic acid (5.5 mg/g) content, which are important parameters for gel formation. All pectins gelled via oxidative coupling and the main ferulic acid dimers found were 8-5′ and 8-O-4′. Pectin from Cadet cultivar formed gels with higher hardness (6.65 N) and adhesiveness (12.2 N) values than the other two varieties. The results indicate that pectin composition is affected by the sugar beet cultivars reported herein, especially in ferulic acid content, which confer the covalent gelling capability. Sugar beet cultivars grown under desert conditions could be a source of gelling ferulated pectins for the food industry, as valuable as those obtained in temperate conditions.
Overexpression of Mucin 1 Suppresses the Therapeutical Efficacy of Disulfiram against Canine Mammary Tumor
Authors: Zhao Ying , Lin Zixiang , Lin Zhaoyan , Zhou Chaoyu , Liu Gang , Lin Jiahao , Zhang Di , Lin Degui
Published: December 2020

Mucin 1 (MUC1), a transmembrane protein, is closely associated with the malignancy and metastasis of canine mammary tumors; however, the role of overexpressed MUC1 in the development of cancer cells and response to drug treatment remains unclear. To address this question, we developed a new canine mammary tumor cell line, CIPp-MUC1, with an elevated expression level of MUC1. In vitro studies showed that CIPp-MUC1 cells are superior in proliferation and migration than wild-type control, which was associated with the upregulation of PI3K, p-Akt, mTOR, Bcl-2. In addition, overexpression of MUC1 in CIPp-MUC1 cells inhibited the suppressing activity of disulfiram on the growth and metastasis of tumor cells, as well as inhibiting the pro-apoptotic effect of disulfiram. In vivo studies, on the other side, showed more rapid tumor growth and stronger resistance to disulfiram treatment in CIPp-MUC1 xenograft mice than in wild-type control. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the importance of MUC1 in affecting the therapeutical efficiency of disulfiram against canine mammary tumors, indicating that the expression level of MUC1 should be considered for clinical use of disulfiram or other drugs targeting PI3K/Akt pathway.
Long-Term Carbapenems Antimicrobial Stewardship Program
Authors: García-Rodríguez José Francisco , Bardán-García Belén , Juiz-González Pedro Miguel , Vilariño-Maneiro Laura , Álvarez-Díaz Hortensia , Mariño-Callejo Ana
Published: December 2020

Objective. To evaluate clinical and antibiotic resistance impact of carbapenems stewardship programs. Methods: descriptive study, pre-post-intervention, between January 2012 and December 2019; 350-bed teaching hospital. Prospective audit and feedback to prescribers was carried out between January 2015 and December 2019. We evaluate adequacy of carbapenems prescription to local guidelines and compare results between cases with accepted or rejected intervention. Analysis of antibiotic-consumption and hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant (MDR) bloodstream infections (BSIs) was performed. Results: 1432 patients were followed. Adequacy of carbapenems prescription improved from 49.7% in 2015 to 80.9% in 2019 (p < 0.001). Interventions on prescription were performed in 448 (31.3%) patients without carbapenem-justified treatment, in 371 intervention was accepted, in 77 it was not. Intervention acceptance was associated with shorter duration of all antibiotic treatment and inpatient days (p < 0.05), without differences in outcome. During the period 2015–2019, compared with 2012–2014, decreased meropenem consumption (Rate Ratio 0.58; 95%CI: 0.55–0.63), candidemia and hospital-acquired MDR BSIs rate (RR 0.62; 95%CI: 0.41–0.92, p = 0.02), and increased cefepime (RR 2; 95%CI: 1.77–2.26) and piperacillin-tazobactam consumption (RR 1.17; 95%CI: 1.11–1.24), p < 0.001. Conclusions: the decrease and better use of carbapenems achieved could have clinical and ecological impact over five years, reduce inpatient days, hospital-acquired MDR BSIs, and candidemia, despite the increase in other antibiotic-consumption.
An Acinetobacter non-baumannii Population Study: Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (ARGs)
Authors: Baraka Adam , Traglia German M. , Montaña Sabrina , Tolmasky Marcelo E. , Ramirez Maria Soledad
Published: December 2020

Acinetobacter non-baumannii species are becoming common etiologic agents of nosocomial infections. Furthermore, clinical isolates belonging to this group of bacteria are usually resistant to one or more antibiotics. The current information about antibiotic resistance genes in the different A. non-baumannii species has not yet been studied as a whole. Therefore, we did a comparative study of the resistomes of A. non-baumannii pathogens based on information available in published articles and genome sequences. We searched the available literature and sequences deposited in GenBank to identify the resistance gene content of A. calcoaceticus, A. lwoffii, A. junii, A. soli, A. ursingii, A. bereziniae, A. nosocomialis, A. portensis, A. guerrae, A. baylyi, A. calcoaceticus, A. disperses, A. johnsonii, A. junii, A. lwoffii, A. nosocomialis, A. oleivorans, A. oryzae, A. pittii, A. radioresistens, and A. venetianus. The most common genes were those coding for different β-lactamases, including the carbapenemase genes blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-58. A. pittii was the species with the most β-lactamase resistance genes reported. Other genes that were commonly found include those encoding some aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, the most common being aph(6)-Id, ant(3″)-IIa, and aph(3″)-Ib, and efflux pumps. All or part of the genes coding for the AdeABC, AdeFGH, and AdeIJK efflux pumps were the most commonly found. This article incorporates all the current information about A. non-baumannii resistance genes. The comparison of the different resistomes shows that there are similarities in the genes present, but there are also significant differences that could impact the efficiency of treatments depending on the etiologic agent. This article is a comprehensive resource about A. non-baumannii resistomes.
Supplemental Microalgal DHA and Astaxanthin Affect Astaxanthin Metabolism and Redox Status of Juvenile Rainbow Trout
Authors: Wu Kun , Cleveland Beth M. , Portman Mark , Sealey Wendy M. , Lei Xin Gen
Published: December 2020

Microalgal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and astaxanthin (AST) may substitute for fish oil and synthetic AST in aquafeeds. This study explored the effects and mechanisms of those substitutions on AST metabolism and redox status of rainbow trout fed plant protein meal (PM)- or fishmeal (FM)-based diets. Two parallel experiments (PM vs. FM) were performed with 612 juvenile rainbow trout for 16 weeks as a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with two AST sources (synthetic (SA) vs. microalgal (AA), at 80 mg/kg) and three levels (0, 50, and 100%) of fish oil substitutions with DHA-rich microalgae. The fish oil substitutions exhibit main effects (p < 0.05) and/or interactive effects (p < 0.05) with the source of AST on AST deposition, malondialdehyde and glutathione concentrations, and mRNA levels and activities of major redox enzymes (glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) in the muscle and liver of trout fed both diet series. The AST source produced only differences in tissue AST deposition (p < 0.05) and number of metabolites. In conclusion, the substitutions of fish oil by the DHA-rich microalgae exerted more impacts than those of SA by AA on redox status and functional expression of antioxidant enzymes in the tissues of rainbow trout.