bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atrioventricular Node Reentrant Tachycardia (AVNRT) after mitral valvuloplasty during cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Fallavollita Luca , Santillo Elpidio , Marini Luciano , Balestrini Fabrizio
Published: December 2015

We descrive a patient who presents palpitations during cardiac rehabilitation after mitral valvuloplasty. ECG showed regular narrow QRS tachycardia compatible with Atrioventricular Node Reentrant Tachycardia. After slow pathway radiofrequency catheter ablation, the patient completed the rehabilitation program remained tachycardia and palpitations-free.
Post-traumatic stress disorder, emotional processing and Inappropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Shocks: clinical consideration by a single case report
Authors: Compare Angelo , Del Forno Domenico , Callus Edward , Giallauria Francesco , Vitelli Alessandra , Buccelli Claudio , Vigorito Carlo
Published: December 2015

Introduction. Even though an overwhelming amount of evidence supports the clinical efficacy and safety of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), inappropriate shocks for atrial arrhythmias with rapid ventricular conduction or for abnormal sensing results in multiple adverse effects Presentation. In this study we present the case of a 59- year-old woman who was admitted to hospital for ICD implantation with a past medical history that was positive for non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure (NYHA class III), atrial fibrillation, essential hypertension and a recent episode of syncope. Since in the 18 months follow-up the patient suffered many inappropriate shocks, we investigated the association of the presence of a PTSD (Post- Traumatic-Stress-Disorder) prior to implantation and a specific profile of cognitive processing emotions, with the effectiveness of the ICD. Emotional distress states and cognitive thoughts preceding ICD shock inappropriate episode were recorded by structured mobile diary (eMotional-ICDiary©). We outlined how the presence of a highly traumatic event which had occurred 6 years previously was related to a recurrence of a combination of moderate distress and cognitive thoughts, associated with episodes of Inappropriate Shock. A psycho-diagnostic examination and the administration of the Emotional Processing Scale (EPS-25) and Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) outlined that the patient presented a profile of cognitive processing of emotions characterized by elevated levels of unprocessed emotions, low appraisal and high suppression emotional regulation strategy. Conclusion. The observations gathered in this single case are a good starting point for further research in order to check if the post-traumatic stress disorder and a specific cognitive profile connected to the processing of emotions are associated with the presence of inappropriate ICD shocks. Further larger sample studies are required in this area.
Prediction of Fetal Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Diabetic Pregnancies Compared with Postnatal Outcome
Authors: Elmekkawi Sherif F. , Mansour Ghada M. , Elsafty Mohammed S.E. , Hassanin Alaa S. , Laban Mohamed , Elsayed Heba M.
Published: December 2015

Objective

The aim of this study was to estimate the accuracy of prenatal assessment of interventricular septum (IVS) thickness, right myocardial wall thickness (RMWT), and left myocardial wall thickness (LMWT) by two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound for the prediction of perinatal mortality and postnatal diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) among diabetic pregnant women.

Subjects and Methods

A total of 120 diabetic pregnant women at 35 weeks or more were enrolled in this study from January 1, 2012, to June 30, 2014, at Ain Shams Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. The 2D ultrasound was done once for all the participants at the time of recruitment; IVS thickness, RMWT, and LMWT were measured. The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of the participants were recorded. Neonatal assessment including postnatal echocardiography was done after 48 hours. Postnatal results were compared with the prenatal predictive results.

Results

Higher thickness values for IVS, RMW, and LMW were obtained in the uncontrolled diabetic cases (HbA1c > 6.5%) than in the controlled diabetic cases (HbA1c < 6.5%; P < 0.01). Of the included 120 neonates, 10 (8.3%) were stillborn, 99 (82.5%) had a five-minute Apgar score ≥7, and 4(3.3%) had a five-minute Apgar score ≤3. The four neonates with severe neonatal distress died after admission to neonatal intensive care unit within one week after delivery. Out of 110 live-born neonates, 4 (3.6%) neonates had a low ejection fraction (EF) (<50%) due to HCM; of them 2 (1.8%) died within one week after delivery, while 2 (1.8%) survived. Another two (1.8%) neonates died from severe respiratory distress syndrome. A cutoff value of ≥4.5 mm for prenatal IVS thickness was predictive of neonatal distress due to HCM with a sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 68%, and diagnostic accuracy of 72%. A cutoff value of <1.18 for the ratio of IVS thickness to LMWT had a sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 72%, and diagnostic accuracy of 74% for the prediction of neonatal distress due to HCM. In this study, 8 of the 10 fetuses with intrauterine demise and the 2 neonates who died within one week after delivery due to heart failure had a prenatal IVS thickness of ≥4.5 mm, while 7 of the 10 fetuses with intrauterine demise and the 2 neonates who died postnatal from heart failure had a prenatal IVS thickness to LMWT ratio of ≤1.18.

Conclusion

A prenatal IVS thickness of ≥4.5 mm or an IVS/LMWT ratio of ≤1.18 seems to be predictive of HCM and is associated with almost twofold higher risk of intrauterine fetal death and almost threefold higher risk of possibly relevant perinatal mortality.
Discovering All Transcriptome Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Scanning for Selection Signatures in Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)
Authors: Lin Ruiyi , Du Xiaoyong , Peng Sixue , Yang Liubin , Ma Yunlong , Gong Yanzhang , Li Shijun
Published: December 2015

The duck is one of the most economically important waterfowl as a source of meat, eggs, and feathers. Characterizing the genetic variation in duck species is an important step toward linking genes or genomic regions with phenotypes. Human-driven selection during duck domestication and subsequent breed formation has likely left detectable signatures in duck genome. In this study, we employed a panel of >1.4 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified from the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data of 15 duck individuals. The density of the resulting SNPs is significantly positively correlated with the density of genes across the duck genome, which demonstrates that the usage of the RNA-seq data allowed us to enrich variant functional categories, such as coding exons, untranslated regions (UTRs), introns, and downstream/upstream. We performed a complete scan of selection signatures in the ducks using the composite likelihood ratio (CLR) and found 76 candidate regions of selection, many of which harbor genes related to phenotypes relevant to the function of the digestive system and fat metabolism, including TCF7L2, EIF2AK3, ELOVL2, and fatty acid-binding protein family. This study illustrates the potential of population genetic approaches for identifying genomic regions affecting domestication-related phenotypes and further helps to increase the known genetic information about this economically important animal.
Существование и устойчивость решений с пограничными слоями в многомерных сингулярно возмущенных задачах реакция-диффузия-адвекция
Authors: Davydova Marina Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2015

Рассматривается краевая задача
для нелинейного эллиптического уравнения,
содержащего малый параметр при производных и
вырождающегося в конечное уравнение, в случае равенства нулю
малого параметра. Доказана теорема существования решения
с пограничным слоем и его устойчивость по Ляпунову.
Библиография: 10 названий.
Формула спектрального следа для локальных полей
Authors: Ismagilov Rais Sal'manovich
Published: December 2015

В работе рассматривается пространство
квадратично-интегрируемых функций на
локальном поле и оператор, действующий
как сумма оператора умножения на функцию
и свертки с обобщенной функцией. Основной
результат - это формула следа для указанных
операторов.
Библиография: 7 названий.
О достижении максимума кубо-линейного отношения трехмерных кривых Пеано
Authors: Shchepin Evgeny Vital'evich
Published: December 2015

В данной статье определяется класс так
называемых $q$-адических кривых Пеано,
который достаточно широк, чтобы включать в себя
все такие кривые, рассматриваемые Хэверкортом,
для которого кубо-линейное отношение не только
ограничено, но достигает своего максимального
значения, которое определяется конечным, доступным
для современных компьютеров перебором.
Библиография: 6 названий.
О непрерывных сужениях измеримых полилинейных отображений
Authors: Yurova Ekaterina Vladimirovna
Published: December 2015

В статье изучаются измеримые полилинейные функции на пространствах Фреше и аналоги следующих
двух свойств для них, которые равносильны для измеримого линейного функционала
относительно гауссовской меры: (i) существование последовательности непрерывных
линейных функций, сходящейся к данному функционалу почти всюду;
(ii) существование компактно вложенного банахова пространства полной меры, на котором
данный функционал непрерывен. Показано, что для полилинейных функций на степени
пространства $X$ эти свойства
не равносильны, но свойство (ii) равносильно формально более ограничительному условию,
что компактно вложенное подпространство является степенью подпространства, вложенного в $X$.
Библиография: 10 названий.
FTA Effects on Agricultural Trade with Matching Approaches
Authors: Lee GaSeul , Lim Song Soo
Published: December 2015

While the trade effect of free trade agreements (FTAs) is a global issue, little research has examined the economic effects of trade liberalization on agricultural products with robust empirical methods. In this study, propensity score matching for controlling selection bias is used to examine and analyze the effect of FTAs on the trade of South Korea’s agricultural products. To enhance the robustness of the estimated results, differences between the FTA treatment effects in 2010 and 2012 are analyzed. The results reveal that the effect of FTAs on agricultural trade varies slightly, depending on the matching approach used; however, the signs of all estimated average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) values are positive. Analysis of the difference between selection bias controlled through matching and uncontrolled selection bias shows that the value of the average treatment effect (ATE) with uncontrolled bias is greater than the ATT estimate calculated through matching. This implies that controlled versus uncontrolled selection bias can result in different ATE and ATT estimates, and that previous studies on FTA trade effects have overestimated the effect, because selection bias was not fully addressed.
Vehicular emissions of organic particulate matter in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Oyama B. S. , Andrade M. F. , Herckes P. , Dusek U. , Röckmann T. , Holzinger R.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Vehicular emissions have a strong impact on air pollution in big cities. Many factors affect these emissions: type of vehicle, type of fuel, cruising velocity, and brake use. This study focused on emissions of organic compounds by Light (LDV) and Heavy (HDV) duty vehicle exhaust. The study was performed in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil, where vehicles run on different fuels: gasoline with 25 % ethanol (called gasohol), hydrated ethanol, and diesel (with 5 % of biodiesel). The vehicular emissions are an important source of pollutants and the principal contribution to fine particulate matter (smaller than 2.5 μm, PM2.5) in Sao Paulo. The experiments were performed in two tunnels: Janio Quadros (TJQ) where 99 % of the vehicles are LDV, and Rodoanel Mario Covas (TRA) where up to 30 % of the fleet was HDV. The PM2.5 samples were collected on quartz filters in May and July 2011 at TJQ and TRA, respectively, using two samplers operating in parallel. The samples were analyzed by Thermal-Desorption Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass-Spectrometry (TD-PTR-MS), and by Thermal-Optical Transmittance (TOT). The organic aerosol (OA) desorbed at TD-PTR-MS represented around 30 % of the OA estimated by the TOT method, mainly due to the different desorption temperatures, with a maximum of 870 and 350 °C for TOT and TD-PTR-MS, respectively. Average emission factors (EF) organic aerosol (OA) and organic carbon (OC) were calculated for HDV and LDV fleet. We found that HDV emitted more OA and OC than LDV, and that OC emissions represented 36 and 43 % of total PM2.5 emissions from LDV and HDV, respectively. More than 700 ions were identified by TD-PTR-MS and the EF profiles obtained from HDV and LDV exhibited distinct features. Nitrogen-containing compounds measured in the desorbed material up to 350 °C contributed around 20 % to the EF values for both types of vehicles, possibly associated with incomplete fuel burning. Additionally, 70 % of the organic compounds measured from the aerosol filters with TD-PTR-MS were oxygenated for LDV and HDV, suggesting that the oxygenation occurs during fuel combustion and that the oxygen content of the fuel itself contributes. The thermal desorption analysis showed that HDV emitted compounds with higher volatility, mainly oxygenated (with up to 2 oxygen atoms) and longer chain hydrocarbons than LDV.
Aqueous phase oxidation of sulphur dioxide by ozone in cloud droplets
Authors: Hoyle C. R. , Fuchs C. , Järvinen E. , Saathoff H. , Dias A. , El Haddad I. , Gysel M. , Coburn S. C. , Tröstl J. , Bernhammer A.-K. , Bianchi F. , Breitenlechner M. , Corbin J. C. , Craven J. , Donahue N. M. , Duplissy J. , Ehrhart S. , Frege C. , Gordon H. , Höppel N. , Heinritzi M. , Kristensen T. B. , Molteni U. , Nichman L. , Pinterich T. , Prévôt A. S. H. , Simon M. , Slowik J. G. , Steiner G. , Tomé A. , Vogel A. L. , Volkamer R. , Wagner A. C. , Wagner R. , Wexler A. S. , Williamson C. , Winkler P. M. , Yan C. , Amorim A. , Dommen J. , Curtius J. , Gallagher M. W. , Flagan R. C. , Hansel A. , Kirkby J. , Kulmala M. , Möhler O. , Stratmann F. , Worsnop D. , Baltensperger U.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. The growth of aerosol due to the aqueous phase oxidation of SO2 by O3 was measured in laboratory generated clouds created in the CLOUD chamber at CERN. Experiments were performed at 10 and −10 °C, on acidic (sulphuric acid) and on partially to fully neutralised (ammonium sulphate) seed aerosol. Clouds were generated by performing an adiabatic expansion – pressurising the chamber to 220 hPa above atmospheric pressure, and then rapidly releasing the excess pressure, resulting in a cooling, condensation of water on the aerosol and a cloud lifetime of approximately 6 min. A model was developed to compare the observed aerosol growth with that predicted by oxidation rates previously measured in bulk solutions. The model captured the measured aerosol growth very well for experiments performed at 10 and −10 °C, indicating that, in contrast to some previous studies, the oxidation rates of SO2 in a dispersed aqueous system are well represented by accepted rates, based on bulk measurements. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first laboratory based measurements of aqueous phase oxidation in a dispersed, super-cooled population of droplets. The measurements are therefore important in confirming that the extrapolation of currently accepted reaction rates to temperatures below 0 °C is correct.
Re-evaluating the Frankfurt isothermal static diffusion chamber for ice nucleation
Authors: Schrod J. , Danielczok A. , Weber D. , Ebert M. , Thomson E. S. , Bingemer H. G.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Recently significant advances have been made in the collection, detection, and characterization of ice nucleating particles (INP). Ice nuclei are particles that facilitate the heterogeneous formation of ice within the atmospheric aerosol by lowering the free energy barrier to spontaneous nucleation and growth of ice from atmospheric water and/or vapor. The Frankfurt isostatic diffusion chamber (FRIDGE) is an INP collection and offline detection system that has become widely deployed and shows additional potential for ambient measurements. Since its initial development FRIDGE has gone through several iterations and improvements. Here we describe improvements that have been made in the collection and analysis techniques. We detail the uncertainties inherent in the measurement method, and suggest a systematic method of error analysis for FRIDGE measurements. Thus what is presented herein should serve as a foundation for the dissemination of all current and future measurements using FRIDGE instrumentation.
The ecological module of BOATS-1.0: a bioenergetically-constrained model of marine upper trophic levels suitable for studies of fisheries and ocean biogeochemistry
Authors: Carozza D. A. , Bianchi D. , Galbraith E. D.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Environmental change and the exploitation of marine resources have had profound impacts on marine communities, with potential implications for ocean biogeochemistry and food security. In order to study such global-scale problems, it is helpful to have computationally efficient numerical models that predict the first-order features of fish biomass production as a function of the environment, based on empirical and mechanistic understandings of marine ecosystems. Here we describe the ecological module of the BiOeconomic mArine Trophic Size-spectrum (BOATS) model, which takes an Earth-system approach to modeling fish biomass at the global scale. The ecological model is designed to be used on an Earth System model grid, and determines size spectra of fish biomass by explicitly resolving life history as a function of local temperature and net primary production. Biomass production is limited by the availability of photosynthetic energy to upper trophic levels, following empirical trophic efficiency scalings, and by well-established empirical temperature-dependent growth rates. Natural mortality is calculated using an empirical size-based relationship, while reproduction and recruitment depend on both the food availability to larvae from net primary production and the production of eggs by mature adult fish. We describe predicted biomass spectra and compare them to observations, and conduct a sensitivity study to determine how the change as a function of net primary production and temperature. The model relies on a limited number of parameters compared to similar modeling efforts, while retaining realistic representations of biological and ecological processes, and is computationally efficient, allowing extensive parameter-space analyses even when implemented globally. As such, it enables the exploration of the linkages between ocean biogeochemistry, climate, and upper trophic levels at the global scale, as well as a representation of fish biomass for idealized studies of fisheries.
Multidimensiones
Authors: Ortiz de Manzanares Ilse
Published: December 2015

Comparto mi nueva pieza, mide y está hecha sobre madera pintada con laca y placa tipográfica reciclada además de latas de aluminio recortadas. Se intitula Multidimensiones, porque la teoría M de la física cuántica explica que hay un montón de dimensiones, ya sea 10 u 11, además de las tres con las que estamos familiarizados, esas dimensiones que no vemos, son compactas, como esta obra, que demuestra que no necesitamos al Gran Colisionador de Hadrones para hacernos una idea de lo que son esas múltiples dimensiones en el orden implicado (ese que existe, pero no vemos, porque nuestros cinco sentidos no lo captan).Ilse Ortiz de ManzanaresArtista plástico nicaragüense.
Desdoblamiento del tiempo
Authors: Lacayo Mariu F.
Published: December 2015

Una ecología integral implica dedicar algo de tiempo para recuperar la serena armonía con la creación, para reflexionar acerca de nuestro estilo de vida y nuestros ideales, para contemplar al Creador, que vive entre nosotros y en lo que nos rodea, cuya presencia “no debe ser fabricada sino descubierta, develada”.Carta Encíclica Laudato Sí del Papa Francisco
Efeito antinociceptivo da própolis oriunda de duas vegetações distintas
Authors: Batista Emanuelle Karine Frota , Trindade Hebelys Ibiapina da , Batista Maria do Carmo de Souza
Published: December 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito antinociceptivo da própolis, comparando soluções elaboradas a partir da própolis obtida do apiário do Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA) da Universidade Federal do Piauí, com o extrato oriundo do Laboratório Apis Flora. Foram utilizados 48 camundongos, divididos em seis grupos que foram tratados com solução hidroetanólica (veículo, 20mL/Kg, v.o.), dipirona (controle positivo, 50mL/Kg, v.o.), solução de própolis a 10% (obtida do CCA e Apis Flora, 20mL/Kg, v.o.) e solução de própolis a 20% (obtida do CCA e Apis Flora, 20mL/Kg, v.o.). O estimulo nociceptivo foi induzido por meio da administração intraperitoneal (i.p.) de ácido acético a 0,6%, 20 minutos após a administração de cada tratamento. Realizou-se a contagem do numero de contorções abdominais por um período de 20 minutos, e calculou-se o percentual de inibição da sensação dolorosa proporcionado por cada tratamento. Os resultados mostraram que o grupo controle, tratados com solução hidroetanólica, diferiu significativamente de todos os demais, e que os tratados com a solução de própolis a 10% e 20%, de ambas as origens, não diferem significativamente entre si e nem do controle positivo, demonstrando possuir efeito antinociceptivo semelhante.
Avaliação dos princípios da orientação familiar e comunitária da atenção primária à saúde da criança.
Authors: Daschevi Jéssica Mendes , Tacla Mauren Teresa Grubisich Mendes , Alves Barbara de Andrade , Toso Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira , Collet Neusa
Published: December 2015

A atenção primária é considerada o primeiro contato dos indivíduos, suas famílias e a população com o sistema de saúde. Conforme se aproxima dos indivíduos e da comunidade, consegue aumentar seu poder de interação com a população. Possui quatro atributos essenciais: acesso de primeiro contato, longitudinalidade, integralidade e coordenação e três derivados: orientação familiar, orientação comunitária e competência cultural. A orientação familiar consiste no conhecimento dos fatores relacionados à origem e aos cuidados das enfermidades e a orientação comunitária reconhece as necessidades na comunidade por meio de dados epidemiológicos e contato direto. No presente estudo, o objetivo foi avaliar os princípios da orientação familiar e comunitária da atenção primária à saúde da criança em unidades básicas de saúde de Londrina, Paraná. Pesquisa descritiva de natureza quantitativa, realizada em 39 unidades básicas da área urbana, entre agosto de 2012 e janeiro de 2013 por meio de um instrumento de avaliação denominado Primary Care Assessment Tool-Brasil versão criança. Foram realizadas 609 entrevistas, respondidas pelos pais ou principais cuidadores de crianças menores de doze anos, que utilizaram o serviço no mínimo três vezes para consultas com pediatra ou enfermeiro. O valor do escore para a orientação familiar foi 5,082 e para orientação comunitária de 5,462, não atingindo o escore ideal (6,6). Conclui-se então que ambos os atributos precisam ser desenvolvidos, com o aperfeiçoamento ou instalação de novas medidas que possam ajudar na melhoria da qualidade da atenção básica à saúde da criança.
Avaliação do princípio da coordenação na atenção primária à saúde da criança em Londrina-Pr
Authors: Souza Gisleine Tíemi , Alves Barbara Andrade , Tacla Mauren Teresa Grubisich Mendes , Collet Neusa , Toso Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves Oliveira
Published: December 2015

Atenção Primária à Saúde é um conjunto de funções que fornecem promoção, proteção, prevenção, tratamento e é considerada porta de entrada ao sistema de saúde. Possui quatro atributos essenciais: acesso de primeiro contato, longitudinalidade, integralidade e coordenação. Coordenação é a articulação entre os diversos serviços e ações relacionadas à saúde, que necessitam estar sincronizadas e contínuas para os atendimentos prestados, independentemente do local em que ocorrem. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o princípio da coordenação da atenção primária à saúde da criança nas 39 Unidades Básicas de Saúde da área urbana de Londrina-PR. Trata-se de pesquisa multicêntrica, realizada em Cascavel-PR, Londrina-PR e João Pessoa-PB, na forma descritiva e de natureza quantitativa, com a utilização do instrumento PCATool-Brasil, versão criança. Neste instrumento, a coordenação é subdividida em integração de cuidados, que refere à relação entre o serviço básico de saúde e de especialidades; e o sistema de informações que avalia os registros de saúde e a disponibilização dos prontuários. Dos 609 entrevistados, 29,2% relataram que a criança foi consultada pelo médico especialista. O escore da coordenação – integração de cuidados foi 7,393 e o escore da coordenação – sistema de informações 7,620. Das 8 perguntas do atributo da coordenação que podem ser avaliados por índices numéricos, três perguntas ficaram com escores abaixo de 6,6. Para que o atributo esteja de acordo com os preceitos da atenção primária à saúde, o escore deve estar acima desse valor. Conclui-se que o atributo coordenação obteve alto escore, apesar de três perguntas com escore baixo.
Armazenamento e descarte de medicamentos por acadêmicos da área da saúde de uma universidade pública paranaense
Authors: Piveta Lenita Nunes , Silva Lais Brevi da , Guidoni Camilo Molino , Girotto Edmarlon
Published: December 2015

Os medicamentos são ferramentas imprescindíveis para o estabelecimento da saúde e requerem cuidados quanto ao seu armazenamento e descarte. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a forma de armazenamento e descarte de medicamentos por estudantes da área da saúde de uma universidade pública paranaense. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com os estudantes dos cursos de Enfermagem, Farmácia e Medicina da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, por meio da aplicação de um questionário auto respondível. A coleta de dados foi executada nas salas de aula da própria universidade entre os meses de maio a junho de 2014, resultando em 564 estudantes entrevistados. Considerou-se descarte correto quando o estudante referisse destinar os medicamentos vencidos ou inapropriados ao uso em locais que fazem o recolhimento destes produtos. Os estudantes apresentaram idade média de 21,0 anos (desvio padrão: 3,3); sendo 74,1% do sexo feminino. O quarto foi o principal local citado para o armazenamento dos medicamentos (47,8%), sendo que a maioria os mantém fora do alcance das crianças (82,6%). Quanto à verificação do prazo de validade, 60,1% dos estudantes realizam esta prática. A maioria (64,5%) guarda as sobras de tratamentos para futura utilização, sendo o lixo doméstico (63,0%) o principal local citado para o descarte dos que estão vencidos. Apenas 20,7% descartavam os medicamentos corretamente. A população em estudo realiza um correto armazenamento dos medicamentos, no entanto, grande parte desconhece a existência de locais de recolhimento e promove o descarte inadequado dos mesmos, assim, faz-se necessário a criação de medidas para conscientização e orientação dos futuros profissionais.
Perfil do uso populacional de inseticidas domésticos no combate a mosquitos
Authors: Oliveira Luzilene Barbosa , Nunes Rafaela Maria Pessoa , Santana Claudiana Mangabeira , Costa Antonia Rosa da , Nunes Narcia Maria Fonseca , Calou Iana Bantim Felicio , Peron Ana Paula , Marques Márcia Maria Mendes , Ferreira Paulo Michel Pinheiro
Published: December 2015

Esse trabalho descreve a utilização doméstica de inseticidas pela população de Picos (Piauí, Brasil), identificou quais são os tipos de inseticidas mais utilizados e descreve a incidência de intoxicação e a consciência ambiental da população. Após visitas domiciliares (n=700), notou-se que a maioria dos entrevistados foi representada por mulheres (75%), com idade entre 31-55 anos (49%), ensino fundamental incompleto (38,1%) e renda familiar entre 1-2 salários mínimos (64%). A maioria das residências tem entre 1-3 moradores (48%), 85% dos entrevistados usam inseticidas escolhidos principalmente em propagandas de TV e radio e apenas 54% leem o rótulo antes de aplicar o produto. A forma de apresentação mais usada é o aerossol (70,7%). A maioria (79%) reconhece que inseticidas são maléficos à saúde, mas 74% não usam nenhum Equipamento de Proteção Individual (EPI). Sintomas de toxicidade foram relatados por 27% dos entrevistados. Duas mulheres relataram irritação, tonturas e problemas respiratórios e necessidade de intervenção médica e internação hospitalar. Todos os entrevistados descartam as embalagens como lixo comum, uma vez que em Picos não há coleta seletiva. Em conclusão, a maioria das pessoas usam inseticidas, conhecem sobre os riscos individuais e coletivos aos quais estão expostos mas não usam EPI mesmo acreditando que sejam tóxicos. Notou-se que aquisição de conhecimentos não resulta, necessariamente, em mudanças de comportamento, uma vez que o conhecimento não se traduz em atitudes e práticas preventivas adequadas, ressaltando-se a necessidade de campanhas de conscientização quanto à toxicidade e aos riscos ambientais, capacitação de profissionais e política fiscalizatória contra a venda indiscriminada.
O envelhecimento de capacitores em circuitos eletrônicos
Authors: Vital Richard Brandão Nogueira , Vital Tatiane Melo
Published: December 2015

A determinação do momento no qual um componente eletrônico para de operar conforme requisitos previamente estabelecidos é uma tarefa que deve ser levada em consideração desde o início da concepção de um sistema. Entretanto, com o emprego de diferentes tecnologias que podem funcionar sob diversas condições ambientais, a escolha dos componentes durante a fase de projeto torna-se cada vez mais complexa. Neste trabalho são analisados os efeitos que o envelhecimento de capacitores pode provocar na operação de alguns circuitos eletrônicos. Para isso, são analisados conceitos de confiabilidade, processos e mecanismos de degradação. Adicionalmente, são apresentados alguns modelos matemáticos que podem auxiliar em atividades de manutenção e substituição de componentes em processo de degradação. A abordagem apresentada faz uma comparação nos efeitos produzidos por componentes íntegros frente ao comportamento provocado por componentes em processo de envelhecimento.
Estudo eletroquímico do processo de eletrooxidação da amitriptilina empregando sensor a base de pasta de carbono contendo DNA imobilizado em matriz inorgânica
Authors: Marco João Paulo , Borges Keyller Bastos , Tarley César Ricardo Teixeira , Ribeiro Emerson Schwingel , Pereira Arnaldo César
Published: December 2015

No presente trabalho foi estudado o comportamento voltamétrico e o processo de eletrooxidação de amitriptilina (AMT) em sensor eletroquímico baseado em pasta de carbono contendo DNA imobilizado em matriz inorgânica preparada pelo processo sol-gel (SiO2/Al2O3/Nb2O5). Pelo método de Laviron verificou-se que o processo de eletrooxidação da AMT é irreversível e com alta velocidade de transferência de elétrons, indicando que o sensor proposto é cineticamente viável para promover a eletroeletrooxidação da AMT. O estudo do efeito do pH sobre o processo de eletrooxidação da AMT apresentou comportamento nernstiniano (0,059 V/pH) sugerindo que o mesmo envolve a transferência de 1 próton e 1 elétron.
Avaliação automática da taxa de crescimento de colônias de leveduras incubadas em placas de Petri usando Plataforma Móvel
Authors: Martins Alecsander Pereira , Pizolato Jr. José Carlos , Belini Valdinei Luís
Published: December 2015

O presente trabalho propõe um método automático baseado em visão computacional implementado em plataforma móvel capaz de monitorar o crescimento de colônias de leveduras Sacchromyces cerevisiae incubadas em placas de Petri. O algoritmo otimizado para o processamento de imagem desempenha esta tarefa sem intervenção humana a partir de imagens de colônias de microrganismos em diferentes fases de evolução. A contribuição desse artigo é o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta móvel de resposta rápida para auxiliar especialistas em bioprocessos no monitoramento do crescimento de colônias sem o uso da convencional e imprecisa técnica manual. Os resultados obtidos demonstram, com sucesso, alterações dimensionais em colônias em uma maneira mais rápida e exata quando comparado com o método convencional, com a vantagem adicional da versatilidade em produzir resultados mais exatos e consistentes com maior significância estatística.
Transição de fases de zeólita do tipo Faujasita para Sodalita via tratamento térmico
Authors: Kaminishikawahara Kátia Kaori , Pereira Laura Jane , Souza Éder Carlos Ferreira de , Arrúa Maria Elena Payret , Antunes Sandra Regina Masetto , Andrade André Vitor Chaves de , Alves Helton José , Antunes Augusto Celso
Published: December 2015

As zeólitas podem ser usadas em diversas funções como catalisadores (produção de biocombustíveis) e peneiras moleculares (tratamento de áreas contaminadas). Este trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar as zeólitas obtidas na transição de uma zeólita semelhante à Faujasita para Sodalita, quando submetidos a diferentes tempos de tratamentos térmicos. As zeólitas sintetizadas foram caracterizadas por difração de raios X onde se identificou as fases cristalinas semelhante a Faujasita, Sodalita, SiO2 e a presença de material amorfo. O tratamento térmico de 4 horas produziu zeólitas com estrutura cristalina semelhante à estrutura cristalina da Faujasita, apresentando sítios básicos, área superficial de 552,7 m2 g-1 e volume de poros de 0,3391 cm3 g-1. Com o aumento do tempo do tratamento térmico houve transição para a fase Sodalita, contendo 0,277 mmol g-1 de sítios básicos ativos, com volume de poros de 0,0651 cm3 g-1 e área superficial 11,38 m2 g-1. Pelo Método de Rietveld foi identificada e quantificada a presença de Sodalita e Hidrossodalita nas amostras com tempo de reação de 24 e 30 h.
Learner Perceptions of Chinese EFL College Classroom Environments
Authors: Peng Hui
Published: December 2015

This study, carried out at a major technological university in China and based on a convenience sample of 116 students, is designed to identify which aspects of their classroom environments had the greatest effect on the students. Students completed a 26-item questionnaire which elicited general as well as specific views on the EFL classroom environments. The students were divided into English majors (n=64) and non-English majors (n=52). The results showed that, among the items rated as less satisfactory, eight items were similar for both groups, but that the items with lowest satisfaction for each group were significantly different. For English majors textbook selection, learning atmosphere, and teachers’ chalkboard presentation are least satisfactory; for non-English majors interest in target culture, teachers’ chalkboard presentation, and internal motivation are the least satisfactory. The paper concludes that English-language education should be treated differently for majors and non-majors. For English majors, to improve the learning atmosphere, textbook selection and teaching methods need be considered as priorities. English-language education for non-majors should be redesigned with a focus on functional use of the language rather than in-depth study of the target culture.
On estimation and influence diagnostics for a Bivariate Promotion Lifetime Model Based on the FGM Copula: A Fully Bayesian Computation
Authors: Suzuki Adriano Kamimura , Louzada Francisco , Cancho Vicente Garibay
Published: December 2015

In this paper we propose a bivariate long-term model based on the Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern copula to model, where the marginals are assumed to be long-term promotion time structured. The proposed model allows for the presence of censored data and covariates. For inferential purpose a Bayesian approach via Markov Chain Monte Carlo is considered. Further, some discussions on the model selection criteria are given. In order to examine outlying and influential observations, we present a Bayesian case deletion influence diagnostics based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence. The newly developed procedures are illustrated on artificial and real data.
The long-term exponentiated complementary exponential geometric distribution under a latent complementary causes framework
Authors: Louzada Francisco , Yamachi Cintia Y. , Marchi Vitor A. A. , Franco Maria A. P.
Published: December 2015

A new lifetime distribution which accommodates decreasing and unimodal hazard function is proposed in this paper. It is derived from the exponentiated complementary exponential geometric distribution and has it genesis on the compounding the exponential and geometric distributions. It can be used on a latent complementary causes scenario, where onle thethe minimum lifetime among all causes is observed. We derive the density, quantile, survival and failure rate functions for the proposed distribution, as well as some proprieties such as the characteristic function, mean, variance and r-th order statistics. The estimation is based on maximum likelihood approach. A simulation study performed in order to assess the performance of the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of the proposed distribution. The methodology is illustrated in three real datasets.
Spectral Projected Gradient Method for the Procrustes Problem
Authors: De Bem Francisco Juliano , Martini Tiara
Published: December 2015

We study and analyze a nonmonotone globally convergent method for minimization on closed sets. This method is based on the ideas from trust-region and Levenberg-Marquardt methods. Thus, the subproblems consists in minimizing a quadratic model of the objective function subject to the constraint set. We incorporate concepts of bidiagonalization and calculation of the SVD "with inaccuracy'' to improve the performance of the algorithm, since the solution of the subproblem by traditional techniques, which is required in each iteration, is computationally expensive. Other feasible methods are mentioned, including a curvilinear search algorithm and a minimization along geodesics algorithm. Finally, we illustrate the numerical performance of the methods when applied to the Orthogonal Procrustes Problem.
Additional constraints to ensure three vanishing moments for orthonormal wavelet filter banks and transient detection
Authors: Uzinski Julio Cezar , Paiva Henrique Mohallem , Villarreal Francisco , Duarte Marco Aparecido Queiroz , Galvão Roberto Kawakami Harrop
Published: December 2015

This article presents an improvement to the formulation of Sherlock and Monro for the wavelet parameterization for the obtainment of the restrictions which ensure three vanishing moments. In order to test the formulation presented, a transient signal detection is presented.
Recent Results on a Generalization of the Laplacian
Authors: Simas Alexandre B , Valentim Fábio J
Published: December 2015

In this paper we discuss recent results regarding a generalization of the Laplacian. To be more precise, fix a function$W(x_1,\ldots,x_d) = \sum_{k=1}^d W_k(x_k)$, where each $W_k: \bb R \to \bb R$ is a right continuous with left limits and strictly increasing function.Using $W$, we construct the generalized laplacian $\mc L_W = \sum_{i=1}^d \partial_{x_i}\partial_{W_i}$, where $\partial_{W_i}$ is a generalized differentialoperator induced by the function $W_i$.We present results on spectral properties of $\mc L_W$, Sobolev spaces induced by $\mc L_W$ ($W$-Sobolev spaces), generalized partial differential equations, generalized stochastic differential equations andstochastic homogenization.
Beklemd tussen het recht en de feiten
Authors: Hammerstein A.
Published: December 2015

Beklemd tussen het recht en de feiten

In deze bijdrage wordt gesteld dat rechtsontwikkeling en rechtsbescherming hand in hand gaan en de cassatierechter daardoor soms in de knel raakt tussen het recht en de feiten.
De schenking onder opschortende voorwaarde in het Vlaams Gewest
Authors: van de Ven K.M.L.L.
Published: December 2015

De schenking onder opschortende voorwaarde in het Vlaams Gewest

In het artikel wordt ingegaan op de Vlaamse fiscale regeling omtrent de schenking onder opschortende voorwaarde.
Oscillation theorems for second order difference equations woth negative neutral term
Authors: Thandapani Ethiraju , Seghar Devarajulu , Pinelas Sandra
Published: December 2015

In this paper we obtain some new oscillation criteria for the neutral difference equation \begin{equation*} \Delta \Big(a_n (\Delta (x_n-p_n x_{n-k}))\Big)+q_n f(x_{n-l})=0 \end{equation*} where $0\leq p_n\leq p0$ and $l$ and $k$ are positive integers. Examples are presented to illustrate the main results. The results obtained in this paper improve and complement to the existing results.
Extension of an inequality with power exponential functions
Authors: Nishizawa Yusuke , Miyagi Mitsuhiro
Published: December 2015

V.\ C\^\i rtoaje et al. \cite{C2009} conjectured and proved \cite{C2011, M2009} that the inequality $a^{rb} + b^{ra} \leq 2$ holds for all nonnegative numbers $r \leq 3$ and nonnegative real numbers $a, b$ with $a +b=2$. In this paper, we will show that $a^{rb} + b^{ra} \leq 2$ holds for all nonnegative $r\geq 3$ and all nonnegative real numbers $a, b$ with $a +b =2$ and some conditions. This gives an extended inequality of conjectured by V.\ C\^\i rtoaje.
A discussion of key values to inform the design and delivery of services for HIV‐affected women and couples attempting pregnancy in resource‐constrained settings
Authors: Heffron Renee , Davies Natasha , Cooke Ian , Kaida Angela , Mergler Reid , van der Poel Sheryl , Cohen Craig R , Mmeje Okeoma
Published: December 2015

Introduction

HIV‐affected women and couples often desire children and many accept HIV risk in order to attempt pregnancy and satisfy goals for a family. Risk reduction strategies to mitigate sexual and perinatal HIV transmission include biomedical and behavioural approaches. Current efforts to integrate HIV and reproductive health services offer prime opportunities to incorporate strategies for HIV risk reduction during pregnancy attempts. Key client and provider values about services to optimize pregnancy in the context of HIV risk provide insights for the design and implementation of large‐scale “safer conception” programmes.

Discussion

Through our collective experience and discussions at a multi‐disciplinary international World Health Organization–convened workshop to initiate the development of guidelines and an algorithm of care to support the delivery of services for HIV‐affected women and couples attempting pregnancy, we identified four values that are key to the implementation of these programmes: (1) understanding fertility care and an ability to identify potential fertility problems; (2) providing equity of access to resources enabling informed decision‐making about reproductive choices; (3) creating enabling environments that reduce stigma associated with HIV and infertility; and (4) creating enabling environments that encourage disclosure of HIV status and fertility status to partners. Based on these values, recommendations for programmes serving HIV‐affected women and couples attempting pregnancy include the following: incorporation of comprehensive reproductive health counselling; training to support the transfer and exchange of knowledge between providers and clients; care environments that reduce the stigma of childbearing among HIV‐affected women and couples; support for safe and voluntary disclosure of HIV and fertility status; and increased efforts to engage men in reproductive decision‐making at times that align with women's desires.

Conclusions

Programmes, policies and guidelines that integrate HIV treatment and prevention, sexual and reproductive health and fertility care services in a manner responsive to user values and preferences offer opportunities to maximize demand for and use of these services. For HIV‐affected women and couples attempting pregnancy, the provision of comprehensive services using available tools – and the development of new tools that are adaptable to many settings and follow consensus recommendations – is a public health imperative. The impetus now is to design and deliver value‐driven inclusive programming to achieve the greatest coverage and impact to reduce HIV transmission during pregnancy attempts.
An essential role of acetylcholine-glutamate synergy at habenular synapses in nicotine dependence
Authors: Frahm Silke , Antolin-Fontes Beatriz , Görlich Andreas , Zander Johannes-Friedrich , Ahnert-Hilger Gudrun , Ibañez-Tallon Ines
Published: December 2015

A great deal of interest has been focused recently on the habenula and its critical role in aversion, negative-reward and drug dependence. Using a conditional mouse model of the ACh-synthesizing enzyme choline acetyltransferase (Chat), we report that local elimination of acetylcholine (ACh) in medial habenula (MHb) neurons alters glutamate corelease and presynaptic facilitation. Electron microscopy and immuno-isolation analyses revealed colocalization of ACh and glutamate vesicular transporters in synaptic vesicles (SVs) in the central IPN. Glutamate reuptake in SVs prepared from the IPN was increased by ACh, indicating vesicular synergy. Mice lacking CHAT in habenular neurons were insensitive to nicotine-conditioned reward and withdrawal. These data demonstrate that ACh controls the quantal size and release frequency of glutamate at habenular synapses, and suggest that the synergistic functions of ACh and glutamate may be generally important for modulation of cholinergic circuit function and behavior.
'Imperfecto' and 'indefinido' in Spanish: what, where and how
Authors: Fábregas Antonio
Published: December 2015

This article aims to providing the reader with an overview of the main facts and analyses about the syntax and semantics of imperfecto and indefinido in Spanish. §1 presents the main views of the nature of tense in natural language; §2 introduces the main distinctions and classifications of tense in Spanish, from a descriptive perspective; §3 does the same with aspect. §4, the core of the article, reviews the facts and the analyses about the famous imperfecto ~ indefinido distinction in the Spanish temporoaspectual domain. §5 takes stock of the facts in Spanish, and outlines some conclusions.
On Auxiliary Chains: Lexical and Functional Auxiliaries at the syntax-semantics interface
Authors: Bravo Ana , García Luis , Krivochen Diego Gabriel
Published: December 2015

The present paper is focused on the study of those relations that auxiliary verbs can establish among themselves when chained in a sequence. Regarding those sequences, which in Spanish can be considerably long, the literature has displayed primarily interest in formulating a set of principles that can predict possible relative orderings among auxiliaries. On the contrary, our paper delves into a less walked path: the description of relations established within an auxiliary chain. We will start from the traditional definition of auxiliary verb as a unit that modifies the ‘main’ or ‘lexical’ verb, and proceed to show that such a conception makes the wrong predictions when it comes to explain those internal relations, for it only accounts for a subset of the cases. This explanatory problem is common to both traditional and more formal models. In our opinion, the distinction between between lexical and functional auxiliaries that we propose in this work, in the context of a dynamic computational model that includes and derives this distinction, allows us to overcome these shortcomings of traditional analyses.