bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REKONSTRKSI HUKUM KEDALAM PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN TINDAK PIDANA KORPORASI SEBAGAI PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Cako Jofi , Gultom Elfrida Ratnawati
Published: August 2024

Law Number. 32/2009 about PPLH and Law Number. 11/2020 concerning Job Creation have been amended, and the clauses pertaining to "absolute responsibility" have been eliminated. in order to relieve companies of the burden of total accountability. In the meanwhile, fundamental criminal punishments must be followed by supplementary criminal sanctions, such as compensation for criminal conduct. This research endeavor aims to answer the following question: How can the criminal liability laws for firms that commit environmental crimes be reconstructed in a way that promotes justice? This study's methodology combines a constructivist paradigm with a normative judicial approach. The findings and analysis demonstrate that Law Number. 32/2009 addressing PPLH in conjunction with Law Number reconstructs corporate criminal culpability as offenders of environmental crimes.Keywords: Reconstruction, Accountability, Corporations, Environmental Crime
HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN SUSU FORMULA DAN CARA PENGGUNAAN BOTOL SUSU DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA
Authors: Mariani Andi , Fauzan Fauzan , Nuliana Wa , Susanti Ni Made Dewi , Zakiah Siti
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Based on an initial survey, it is known that diarrhea cases have increased at Puskesmas Tambang in 2023. Cases of diarrhea in toddlers can be caused by various factors such as the environment, consumption of formula milk and how to use a milk bottle. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between formula milk feeding and how to use milk bottles with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. The type of research is quantitative with a cross sectional design. The research was conducted in 2023 at Puskesmas Tambang. The research sample amounted to 41 people. The research instrument used a research questionnaire. The results showed there was a relationship between formula feeding (p value: 0.002) and how to use milk bottles (p value: 0.001) with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. It is recommended to parents to always follow posyandu activities and actively seek information so that parents know how to use milk bottles appropriately so that toddlers avoid diarrhea.Keywords: Toddler, Diarrhea, Formula Milk
KORELASI JARAK KEHAMILAN DAN KEPATUHAN MENGKONSUMSI TABLET FE TERHADAP KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Asmi A Syamsinar , Ethasari Rossa Kurnia Ethasari , Anwar Seniwaty , Inayati Inna Noor , Resmi Dewi Candra
Published: August 2024

Iron deficiency anemia is anemia that can be caused by iron deficiency in making haemoglobin levels, where iron is needed by the body, especially in making hem and globin. The preliminary survey obtained information on the presence of anemia patients <8 mg/dL totaling 28 cases, 8-11 mg/dL totaling 281 cases in the Tanah Merah Puskesmas work area. The purpose of the study was to determine the correlation between pregnancy spacing and compliance with taking Fe tablets to the incidence of anemia in pregnant women. The type of research used quantitative with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted in March 2022 using stratified random sampling. The sample amounted to 189 people. The results showed there was a relationship between pregnancy distance (p value 0.000) and there was no relationship between Fe tablet consumption compliance (p value 0.245). It is suggested to the Health Office to be used as a program evaluation, to the puskesmas to be used as a reference in reducing the incidence of anemia, to researchers and further researchers to be used as evidence based. Keywords: Anemia, Pregnancy, Adherence, Fe Tablets
BEBERAPA FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Rahakbauw Grenny Zovianny , Pratama Putra Bayu , Mustary Musliha , Yulianita Yulianita , Wahidah Nurul Jannatul
Published: August 2024

WHO estimates that preeclampsia cases are seven times higher in developing countries than in developed countries. The cause of preeclampsia is not only caused by one factor, but many factors cause preeclampsia and eclampsia disease (multiple causation). Parity, history of hypertension, diabetes. Based on the survey results at Sansani Hospital, it is known to have an incidence of preeclampsia of 21.95%. The purpose of the study was to determine several factors that cause the incidence of preeclampsia. This type of research uses quantitative with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted in January 2023 using simple random sampling. The sample amounted to 79 people. The results showed there was a relationship between parity (p value 0.000) and hypertension (p value 0.000) on the incidence of preeclampsia. Based on the results of the study is expected to be input and information to pregnant women regarding parity and history of the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women. For health workers, it is expected to be information in health services in order to prevent risk factors for preeclampsia in pregnant women as early as possible. Keywords: Hypertension, Parity, Preeclampsia
HUBUNGAN PARITAS DAN DUKUNGAN SUAMI TERHADAP PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF
Authors: Fajria Maulida Luluk , Ernita Ernita , Titisari Ira , Juniarti Rizky Auliah , Hadijah Hadijah
Published: August 2024

Based on data findings from the Jambi City Health Office, the Paal X Health Center experienced a significant downward trend in data and was the lowest health center in exclusive breastfeeding. Initial surveys conducted at the Paal X Health Center showed that there were several mothers who gave breast milk but were assisted by formula milk before the age of 6 months. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship of parity and husband support to exclusive breastfeeding. This type of research uses quantitative with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted in June 2022 using incidental sampling. The sample amounted to 90 people. The results showed that there was a relationship between husband support and exclusive breastfeeding (p value = 0.000) and there was no relationship between parity and exclusive breastfeeding (p value = 0.098). It is recommended that the Paal X Health Center provide a more intensive socialization or counseling program for nursing mothers or pregnant women, as well as their families. So that not only in the health center, counseling outside the health center can also be done such as posyandu. Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, family support, parity
ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO PENURUNAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA LANSIA DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS
Authors: Ernita Ernita , Dg. Masikki Maharani Farah Dhifa , Arifin Hasriany , Dharmawan Rio L. , Rofiqoh Rofiqoh
Published: August 2024

Based on an initial survey in the Makmur Village of the Pangkalan Kerinci II BLUD Puskesmas Working Area of 8 elderly DM, it was found that the elderly often forgot when putting their own things, forgot the day, date and even often forgot what was just discussed, 5 elderly people did not remember the elderly posyandu schedule or blood sugar control schedule. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between risk factors for decreased cognitive function in the elderly with diabetes mellitus. This type of research uses quantitative with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted in June 2023 using total sampling. The sample amounted to 167 people. The results showed that there was a relationship between family support (p value: 0.001) and physical activity (p value: 0.000) on the decline in cognitive function in the elderly with DM. It is recommended to the Puskesmas to increase elderly Posyandu activities and make health promotion efforts to DM sufferers and families.    Keywords: Diabetes, Family Support, Elderly.
Peran Guru Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Membangun Sekolah Damai
Authors: Pujisusanti Rini
Published: August 2024

Kajian ini mengkaji secara detail peran penting Guru Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan dalam menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang tenteram, yang berdampak positif terhadap terbentuknya masyarakat  aman dan sejahtera. Proses pembentukan karakter cinta damai pendidikan kewarganegaraan. Keberhasilan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan sebagai alat terpenting dalam membangun karakter cinta damai menjadi sorotan utama studi ini. Tujuan menanamkan nilai-nilai tersebut pada generasi muda melalui pembelajaran kewarganegaraan di lingkungan sekolah. PKn berfungsi sebagai wadah untuk menyampaikan nilai-nilai kerjasama, toleransi, dan perdamaian dalam kehidupan siswa sehari-hari. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi dokumentasi dan observasi. Hasil dari pendidikan kewarganegaraan mempunyai potensi besar dalam mendidik generasi muda untuk menghargai pentingnya kerja sama, toleransi, dan perdamaian dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Sekolah yang mengamalkan nilai-nilai perdamaian yang diajarkan melalui pendidikan kewarganegaraan diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi positif bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat.
PERAN PENDIDIKAN VOKASI PADA JENJANG PENDIDIKAN TINGGI GUNA MEMPERSIAPKAN WARGA NEGARA MUDA DALAM MENGHADAPI ERA SOCIETY 5.0
Authors: Febrian Ari
Published: August 2024

Pendidikan vokasi memiliki peran vital dalam mempersiapkan warga negara muda untuk menghadapi era Society 5.0. Dengan menyediakan keterampilan praktis, pengalaman langsung, dan kurikulum yang relevan dengan kebutuhan industri, pendidikan vokasi berfungsi sebagai alat yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kesiapan kerja dan daya saing lulusan di pasar tenaga kerja yang semakin kompleks dan berubah cepat. pendidikan vokasi memiliki peran vital dalam mempersiapkan warga negara muda untuk menghadapi era Society 5.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan fokus pada studi literatur untuk memperdalam pemahaman mengenai peran pendidikan vokasi pada jenjang pendidikan tinggi dalam mempersiapkan warga negara muda menghadapi era Society 5.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pendidikan vokasi pada jenjang pendidikan tinggi memainkan peran krusial dalam mempersiapkan warga negara muda menghadapi era Society 5.0 dengan menyediakan keterampilan praktis dan relevan yang langsung dapat diterapkan dalam dunia kerja yang semakin terintegrasi dengan teknologi canggih. Melalui kurikulum yang adaptif, pengalaman langsung di industri, dan pengembangan keterampilan sesuai kebutuhan pasar, pendidikan vokasi tidak hanya meningkatkan kesiapan kerja lulusan tetapi juga memastikan mereka dapat berkontribusi secara efektif dalam lingkungan yang terus berubah dan berkembang.
ANALYZING THE AUTHORITY OF THE OFFICE OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS IN SERVING INTER-FAITH MARRIAGES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Fithriyatus Sholihah
Published: August 2024

Interfaith marriages present unique legal challenges within the Indonesian context, where religious law plays a significant role in the administration of marital unions. This research investigates the authority of the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in handling interfaith marriages, given its primary function of serving marriages based on Islamic law. The purpose of this study is to critically analyze whether the KUA possesses the jurisdiction to administer interfaith marriages, and if not, to delineate the legal framework governing such unions. Employing a normative legal research methodology, this study examines relevant legislation, case law, and administrative regulations. Primary sources include Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage, Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975, and various Minister of Religious Affairs regulations. Secondary sources consist of legal commentaries, scholarly articles, and government reports. The findings reveal that the KUA's authority is confined to marriages that comply with religious laws, particularly Islamic law, under its jurisdiction. As interfaith marriages do not meet these religious criteria, they fall outside the scope of the KUA's mandate. Instead, interfaith marriages are governed solely by civil law, which provides a separate legal framework for their administration. Consequently, the KUA cannot legally handle interfaith marriages, highlighting a clear demarcation between religious and civil jurisdictions in the context of marriage in Indonesia. This research underscores the necessity for robust civil mechanisms to address interfaith marriages, ensuring legal recognition and protection for individuals in such unions, while respecting the religious legal boundaries of the KUA.
O feedback e a ética na perspectiva da educação matemática inclusiva dos estudantes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Cardoso da Cruz Francerly , Eustáquio Moreira Geraldo
Published: August 2024

As articulações previstas no presente artigo partem da necessária contextualização entre feedback, ética e Direitos Humanos no contexto de inclusão, ensino e aprendizagem da matemática de estudantes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, numa perspectiva de currículo integrado e de educação inclusiva ampla. Nesse intuito, objetiva-se refletir sobre a importância do feedback no contexto escolar desse público. Embora seja necessário o recorte do componente curricular e do público-alvo, almeja-se que essa discussão possa subsidiar reflexões que contribuam não apenas para o ensino e a aprendizagem da matemática e a inclusão de estudantes com TEA, mas também no âmbito dos demais componentes curriculares e discentes que apresentem ou não Necessidades Educacionais Específicas. O texto configura-se como um artigo teórico do tipo exploratório, de natureza qualitativa, delineado por pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Fundamenta-se numa perspectiva de avaliação formativa que pode ter no feedback possibilidades de indicar caminhos para que, dialogicamente, haja um processo de reflexão em prol de melhorar o ensino e a aprendizagem da matemática numa perspectiva inclusiva.
O pensamento educacional de Anísio Teixeira: democracia e a escola
Authors: Fraz Joeanne Neves , Moura Ellen Michelle Barbosa de , Santos Karla Vanessa Gomes dos , Moreira Geraldo Eustáquio
Published: August 2024

Este artigo, de abordagem qualitativo-exploratória, analisou a democracia, a escola e o sistema educacional com base nas leituras, discussões e estudos de e sobre Anísio Teixeira. O estudo apresentou Anísio Teixeira, vida e obra; o sistema educacional sob a visão de Anísio Teixeira, que nos apresentou um quadro da educação após a Constituição Brasileira de 1946 na obra Educação é um Direito (1968); e finaliza com uma análise sobre os fundamentos democráticos da educação contemporânea e o legado deixado por Anísio Teixeira. A análise evidenciou a atualidade do pensamento do autor, com base em seus fundamentos para uma educação democrática, visando autonomia, emancipação, unidade e possível estruturação de um sistema educacional, rompendo com os dualismos que marcaram e marcam nossa sociedade. Assim, contribui para a efetivação de uma educação democrática, capaz de formar agentes aptos de transformar a estrutura do sistema educacional, pensar nos moldes de educação predominantes e na conscientização da necessidade de uma educação de qualidade, não mais privilégio e garantida a todos os atores. Na contramão do que se vivenciou no contexto brasileiro dos últimos anos e que se dispõe a reconstitui-se neste atual contexto político.
Ensino a distância: avaliação dos processos cognitivos de graduandos de uma universidade estadual
Authors: Soffiati Alves Maria Eduarda , Lourenço da Silva Izabela Cristiana , Antonia Furtado Ronimara , Arantes Oliveira Bruno Luis , Oliveira Avila Maria Eduarda , Morelo Pereira Michelle
Published: August 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os processos cognitivos de estudantes universitários, em uma universidade pública estadual, que retornaram às práticas presenciais após ensino emergencial a distância, no ano de 2022. Participaram da pesquisa 50 graduandos dos diversos cursos, com idade média de 24,5 anos. Os instrumentos utilizados na avaliação foram:  Teste AC (Atenção Concentrada), TEMR-2 e o Inventário de Kolb, e entrevistas semiestruturadas, para compreender a vivência dos discentes em relação a ambos os modelos de ensino. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que os participantes possuem os estilos de aprendizagem acomodador (32.7%) e divergente (32.7%). 8,2% dos estudantes apresentaram atenção concentrada inferior e 12% da amostra indicou memória de reconhecimento na classificação inferior. A maioria dos participantes relatou sentimentos de cansaço, desânimo e dificuldades de aprendizado durante o ensino remoto e dificuldades com o retorno presencial bem como insegurança social depois da pandemia.
Numerical study on the cerebral blood flow regulation in the circle of Willis with the vascular absence and internal carotid artery stenosis
Authors: Lv Hong , Fu Kailei , Liu Wei , He Zhiyi , Li Zhiqing
Published: August 2024

Objectives

This study explores how vascular stenosis and absence affect the regulation of cerebral blood flow in the Circle of Willis (CoW) and the hemodynamic changes downstream of the stenosis.

Materials and Methods

Forty idealized CoW models were simulated to analyze the impact of vascular absence and internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis on hemodynamics. Inlet conditions were set using a physiological pressure waveform, and outflow boundaries were modeled using three-element Windkessel models.

Results

The absence of vessels such as RP1, LP1, RA1, or LA1 had a comparable effect on total blood flow to a 40% stenosis of the left internal carotid artery (LICA) across the entire CoW. Specifically, when LP1 and RA1 were absent with a 50% LICA stenosis, the total blood flow closely resembled that of a complete CoW with 75% LICA stenosis. In cases of proximal ICA stenosis, downstream regions showed elevated oscillatory shear index (OSI >0.2) and reduced time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS <1 Pa). With increasing stenosis severity, areas of high OSI shifted, and regions of low TAWSS expanded notably. At 75% stenosis, the area with TAWSS <1 Pa downstream significantly increased. Until complete occlusion, the area of low TAWSS and high OSI were maximized.

Conclusion

This study underscores how anatomical variations in the CoW, combined with ICA stenosis, impact both total cerebral blood flow and its distribution among different outlets. Moreover, it highlights the potential for increased atherosclerosis development in affected areas. Particularly notable is the finding the absence of LP1 and RA1 vessels alongside 50% LICA stenosis results in blood flow patterns similar to those seen with 75% LICA stenosis in a complete CoW, emphasizing clinical implications for the patient. Hemodynamic changes, including TAWSS and OSI, are most pronounced downstream of the stenosis especially when the stenosis rate exceeds 75%.
The interplay between BDNF and PGC-1 alpha in maintaining brain health: role of exercise
Authors: Bi Xuecui , Fang Jing , Jin Xin , Thirupathi Anand
Published: August 2024

Throughout our evolutionary history, physical activity has played a significant role in shaping our physiology. Advances in exercise science have further reinforced this concept by highlighting how exercise can change gene expression and molecular signaling to achieve various beneficial outcomes. Several studies have shown that exercise can alter neuronal functions to prevent neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. However, individual genotypes, phenotypes, and varying exercise protocols hinder the prescription of exercise as standard therapy. Moreover, exercise-induced molecular signaling targets can be double-edged swords, making it difficult to use exercise as the primary candidate for beneficial effects. For example, activating PGC-1 alpha and BDNF through exercise could produce several benefits in maintaining brain health, such as plasticity, neuronal survival, memory formation, cognition, and synaptic transmission. However, higher expression of BDNF might play a negative role in bipolar disorder. Therefore, further understanding of a specific mechanistic approach is required. This review focuses on how exercise-induced activation of these molecules could support brain health and discusses the potential underlying mechanisms of the effect of exercise-induced PGC-1 alpha and BDNF on brain health.
An overview of statistical methods for biomarkers relevant to early clinical development of cancer immunotherapies
Authors: Dejardin David , Kraxner Anton , Schindler Emilie , Städler Nicolas , Wolbers Marcel
Published: August 2024

Over the last decade, a new paradigm for cancer therapies has emerged which leverages the immune system to act against the tumor. The novel mechanism of action of these immunotherapies has also introduced new challenges to drug development. Biomarkers play a key role in several areas of early clinical development of immunotherapies including the demonstration of mechanism of action, dose finding and dose optimization, mitigation and prevention of adverse reactions, and patient enrichment and indication prioritization. We discuss statistical principles and methods for establishing the prognostic, predictive aspect of a (set of) biomarker and for linking the change in biomarkers to clinical efficacy in the context of early development studies. The methods discussed are meant to avoid bias and produce robust and reproducible conclusions. This review is targeted to drug developers and data scientists interested in the strategic usage and analysis of biomarkers in the context of immunotherapies.
Identification of the regulatory roles of water qualities on the spatio-temporal dynamics of microbiota communities in the water and fish guts in the Heilongjiang River
Authors: Jin Hongyu , Li Lei , Lu Wanqiao , Zhang Zepeng , Xing Yue , Wu Di
Published: August 2024

The Heilongjiang River is one of the largest rivers in the cool temperate zone and has an abundant fish source. To date, the microbiota community in water samples and fish guts from the Heilongjiang River is still unclear. In the present study, water samples and fish guts were collected from four locations of the Heilongjiang River during both the dry season and the wet season to analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics of microbiota communities in the water environment and fish guts through 16s ribosome RNA sequencing. The water qualities showed seasonal changes in which the pH value, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids were generally higher during the dry season, and the water temperature was higher during the wet season. RDA indicated that higher pH values, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids promoted the formation of microbiota communities in the water samples of the dry season, while higher water temperature positively regulated the formation of microbiota communities in the water samples of the wet season. LEFSe identified five biomarkers with the most abundant difference at the genus level, of which TM7a was upregulated in the water samples of the dry season, and SM1A02, Rheinheimera, Gemmatimonas, and Vogesella were upregulated in the water samples of the wet season. Pearson analysis revealed that higher pH values and dissolved oxygen positively regulated the formation of TM7a and negatively regulated the formation of SM1A02, Rheinheimera, Gemmatimonas, and Vogesella (p < 0.05), while higher water temperature had the opposite regulatory roles in the formation of these biomarkers. The relative abundance of microbiota diversity in fish guts varies greatly between different fish species, even if the fishes were collected from the same water source, indicating that dietary habits and fish species may be key factors, affecting the formation and construction of microbiome community in fish gut. P. glenii, P. lagowskii, G. cynocephalus, and L. waleckii were the main fish resources, which were collected and identified from at least six sample points. RDA indicated that the microbiota in the water environment regulated the formation of microbiota community in the guts of G. cynocephalus and L. waleckii and had limited regulated effects on P. glenii and P. lagowskii. The present study identified the regulatory effects of water qualities on the formation of microbiota communities in the water samples and fish guts, providing valuable evidence for the protection of fish resources in the Heilongjiang River.
Perturbation walking effects on prefrontal cortical activation and walking performance in older women with and without osteoarthritis: a FNIRS study
Authors: Bishnoi Alka , Hu Yang , Hernandez Manuel E.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Perturbation walking (PW) has been shown to improve gait, however its effect on the cortical control of gait might provide insights on neural mechanisms underlying falls in adults with osteoarthritis. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of PW on prefrontal cortical (PFC) activation in older women with (OA) and without osteoarthritis (HOA). We hypothesized that there would be an increase in PFC activation during PW relative to comfortable walking (CW) and higher increase in PFC activation during PW in HOA compared to OA.

Methods

Twenty community-dwelling older women (66.7 ± 5.41 years old) walked on an instrumented treadmill that provided perturbations at pseudo-random intervals between 5–25 s using a counterbalanced design. Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy was used to quantify PFC oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) levels, while standing prior to the task as a baseline. A linear mixed effects model was conducted to investigate the effects of cohort (HOA vs OA), task (PW vs CW), and their interaction on HbO2 (μM) and Hb (μM) levels.

Results

HbO2 and Hb levels differed significantly between CW and PW tasks for both cohorts (P < 0.001) and demonstrated significant task by cohort interaction (P < 0.05). In addition, we found changes in walking performance (stride time, stride length, stride width and stance time) during and after PW. Spearman correlation demonstrated a strong association between increased stance time, increased body mass index and decreased PFC activation during PW. No other significant results were found.

Discussion

This study found increase in PFC activation during PW and gait adaptation after a short bout of PW in HOA and OA. This increase in PFC activation was higher in HOA compared to OA, particularly during PW tasks, and was consistent with theory of limitations in mobility affecting neural activation in older adults. Further work remains to examine how pain, obesity, and mobility impacts cortical control in older adults with and without osteoarthritis.
Targeted radionuclide therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a review
Authors: Sanwick Alexis M. , Chaple Ivis F.
Published: August 2024

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a type of head and neck cancer that is aggressive, difficult to treat, and often associated with poor prognosis. HNSCC is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, highlighting the need to develop novel treatments for this disease. The current standard of care for HNSCC usually involves a combination of surgical resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is notorious for its detrimental side effects including nausea, fatigue, hair loss, and more. Radiation therapy can be a challenge due to the anatomy of the head and neck area and presence of normal tissues. In addition to the drawbacks of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, high morbidity and mortality rates for HNSCC highlight the urgent need for alternative treatment options. Immunotherapy has recently emerged as a possible treatment option for cancers including HNSCC, in which monoclonal antibodies are used to help the immune system fight disease. Combining monoclonal antibodies approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, such as cetuximab and pembrolizumab, with radiotherapy or platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic HNSCC is an accepted first-line therapy. Targeted radionuclide therapy can potentially be used in conjunction with the first-line therapy, or as an additional treatment option, to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Epidermal growth factor receptor is a known molecular target for HNSCC; however, other targets such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3, programmed cell death protein 1, and programmed death-ligand 1 are emerging molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC. To develop successful radiopharmaceuticals, it is imperative to first understand the molecular biology of the disease of interest. For cancer, this understanding often means detection and characterization of molecular targets, such as cell surface receptors, that can be used as sensitive targeting agents. The goal of this review article is to explore molecular targets for HNSCC and dissect previously conducted research in nuclear medicine and provide a possible path forward for the development of novel radiopharmaceuticals used in targeted radionuclide therapy for HNSCC, which has been underexplored to date.
Chemiexcitation in preventing macular degeneration
Authors: Brash Douglas E. , Gaillard Elizabeth R.
Published: August 2024

Quantum biology typically involves light exciting an electron to a higher energy state, or a magnetic field splitting a single state into several having different energies, or tunneling to flout the energy barrier between states. In chemiexcitation, electrons reach an excited state without light. A ground-state chemical reaction creates a reaction product born in the excited state, due to transient mixing between ground- and excited-state wavefunctions when the reaction intermediate molecule is twisted. We outline the chemiexcitation process and its biological triggers, describe the distinctive molecules susceptible to chemiexcitation, and review recent evidence that melanin in the human retina is chemiexcited as a strategy to prevent age-related macular degeneration.
Mechanotransduction of the vasculature in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome
Authors: Shores Kevin L. , Truskey George A.
Published: August 2024

Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging disorder that causes severe cardiovascular disease, resulting in the death of patients in their teenage years. The disease pathology is caused by the accumulation of progerin, a mutated form of the nuclear lamina protein, lamin A. Progerin binds to the inner nuclear membrane, disrupting nuclear integrity, and causes severe nuclear abnormalities and changes in gene expression. This results in increased cellular inflammation, senescence, and overall dysfunction. The molecular mechanisms by which progerin induces the disease pathology are not fully understood. Progerin’s detrimental impact on nuclear mechanics and the role of the nucleus as a mechanosensor suggests dysfunctional mechanotransduction could play a role in HGPS. This is especially relevant in cells exposed to dynamic, continuous mechanical stimuli, like those of the vasculature. The endothelial (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) within arteries rely on physical forces produced by blood flow to maintain function and homeostasis. Certain regions within arteries produce disturbed flow, leading to an impaired transduction of mechanical signals, and a reduction in cellular function, which also occurs in HGPS. In this review, we discuss the mechanics of nuclear mechanotransduction, how this is disrupted in HGPS, and what effect this has on cell health and function. We also address healthy responses of ECs and SMCs to physiological mechanical stimuli and how these responses are impaired by progerin accumulation.
Genome-wide identification of actin-depolymerizing factor family genes in melon (Cucumis melo L.) and CmADF1 plays an important role in low temperature tolerance
Authors: Lv Yanling , Liu Shihang , Zhang Jiawang , Cheng Jianing , Wang Jinshu , Wang Lina , Li Mingyang , Wang Lu , Bi Shuangtian , Liu Wei , Zhang Lili , Liu Shilei , Yan Dabo , Diao Chengxuan , Zhang Shaobin , He Ming , Gao Yue , Wang Che
Published: August 2024

Actin depolymerizing factors (ADFs), as the important actin-binding proteins (ABPs) with depolymerizing/severing actin filaments, play a critical role in plant growth and development, and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the information and function of the ADF family in melon remains unclear. In this study, 9 melon ADF genes (CmADFs) were identified, distributed in 4 subfamilies, and located on 6 chromosomes respectively. Promoter analysis revealed that the CmADFs contained a large number of cis-acting elements related to hormones and stresses. The similarity of CmADFs with their Arabidopsis homologue AtADFs in sequence, structure, important sites and tissue expression confirmed that ADFs were conserved. Gene expression analysis showed that CmADFs responded to low and high temperature stresses, as well as ABA and SA signals. In particular, CmADF1 was significantly up-regulated under above all stress and hormone treatments, indicating that CmADF1 plays a key role in stress and hormone signaling responses, so CmADF1 was selected to further study the mechanism in plant tolerance low temperature. Under low temperature, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of CmADF1 in oriental melon plants showed increased sensitivity to low temperature stress. Consistently, the stable genetic overexpression of CmADF1 in Arabidopsis improved their low temperature tolerance, possibly due to the role of CmADF1 in the depolymerization of actin filaments. Overall, our findings indicated that CmADF genes, especially CmADF1, function in response to abiotic stresses in melon.
The impact of treating parental bipolar disorder and schizophrenia on their children’s mental health and wellbeing: an empty systematic review
Authors: Can Beril , Piskun Victoria , Dunn Abby , Cartwright-Hatton Sam
Published: August 2024

Background

Parental psychosis (bipolar disorder and schizophrenia) are major risk factors for mental health problems in offspring. Although interventions that focus on parenting and the family environment have shown effectiveness in mitigating this risk, no systematic review has examined the impact of simply treating adult bipolar disorder or schizophrenia on their dependent children’s outcomes.

Aims

To systematically review the effects (in randomized controlled trials) of adult-based interventions for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, on offspring mental health and wellbeing.

Method

Eligibility criteria included randomized controlled trials that examined the treatment of adults with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia that also included child mental health and wellbeing outcomes. PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and PsychArticles databases were searched.

Results

168,317 studies were reviewed; however, zero studies that met the inclusion criteria could be found.

Conclusions

The existing research aimed at treating adult bipolar disorder and schizophrenia has so far overlooked the potential advantages that these treatments could provide for their offspring. This is a missed opportunity to understand the mechanisms of intergenerational transmission. Researchers examining treatments for adults with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia should, where appropriate, consider including both adult and child mental health outcomes in their trials.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=431007, identifier CRD42023431007.
Gauging road safety advances using a hybrid EWM–PROMETHEE II–DBSCAN model with machine learning
Authors: Li Jialin , Chen Faan
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Enhancing road safety conditions alleviates socioeconomic hazards from traffic accidents and promotes public health. Monitoring progress and recalibrating measures are indispensable in this effort. A systematic and scientific decision-making model that can achieve defensible decision outputs with substantial reliability and stability is essential, particularly for road safety system analyses.

Methods

We developed a systematic methodology combining the entropy weight method (EWM), preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluation (PROMETHEE), and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN)—referred to as EWM–PROMETHEE II–DBSCAN—to support road safety monitoring, recalibrating measures, and action planning. Notably, we enhanced DBSCAN with a machine learning algorithm (grid search) to determine the optimal parameters of neighborhood radius and minimum number of points, significantly impacting clustering quality.

Results

In a real case study assessing road safety in Southeast Asia, the multi-level comparisons validate the robustness of the proposed model, demonstrating its effectiveness in road safety decision-making. The integration of a machine learning tool (grid search) with the traditional DBSCAN clustering technique forms a robust framework, improving data analysis in complex environments. This framework addresses DBSCAN’s limitations in nearest neighbor search and parameter selection, yielding more reliable decision outcomes, especially in small sample scenarios. The empirical results provide detailed insights into road safety performance and potential areas for improvement within Southeast Asia.

Conclusion

The proposed methodology offers governmental officials and managers a credible tool for monitoring overall road safety conditions. Furthermore, it enables policymakers and legislators to identify strengths and drawbacks and formulate defensible policies and strategies to optimize regional road safety.
Development of a Plasmodium vivax malaria model for evaluating the effects of control strategies on the malaria burden in Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Authors: Seong Hye , Suh Jiyeon , Choi Jun Yong , Lee Jeehyun , Yeom Joon-Sup
Published: August 2024

Background

Plasmodium vivax malaria has been one of the most troublesome diseases in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK). Given that a majority of malaria cases are concentrated near the demilitarized zone, concerted elimination efforts from both the Republic of Korea (ROK) and DPRK are essential for a malaria-free Korean Peninsula. This study assessed the impact of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and tafenoquine on malaria incidence in DPRK.

Methods

We patterned the current model structure from the previously developed Plasmodium vivax malaria dynamic transmission model for ROK. Model parameters were adjusted using demographic and climate data from malaria-risk areas in DPRK, and the model was calibrated to annual malaria incidences from 2014 to 2018 in DPRK, as reported by the World Health Organization. Subsequently, we estimated the preventable malaria cases over a decade after introducing RDTs and tafenoquine compared to using microscopy alone and primaquine, respectively. Sensitivity analysis was performed to account for uncertainty in model parameters.

Results

When comparing RDTs to microscopy, a one-day reduction in diagnostic time due to the introduction of RDTs led to a reduction in malaria incidence by 26,235 cases (65.6%) over the next decade. With a two-day reduction, incidences decreased by 33,635 (84.1%). When comparing a single dose of tafenoquine with a 14-day primaquine regimen, the former prevented 1,222 (77.5%) relapse cases and 4,530 (11.3%) total cases over the years.

Conclusion

The continuous and simultaneous implementation of RDTs and tafenoquine emerges as a potent strategy to considerably reduce malaria in DPRK.
Aprendizaje colaborativo en post pandemia
Authors: Borjas Espiritu Emilio , Córdova García Ulises , Valencia Vargas Elizabeth , Quispe Cuadros Emperatriz Gregoria
Published: August 2024

Durante la emergencia sanitaria, solo un tercio de la población escolar mundial participó en clases remotas caracterizadas por trabajo individual y escasas interacciones. Para mejorar el aprendizaje, es fundamental garantizar espacios colaborativos en las escuelas. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el aprendizaje colaborativo post pandemia en estudiantes de secundaria, utilizando un enfoque cualitativo y un diseño fenomenológico. Los participantes incluyeron un director, un especialista, docentes y estudiantes de secundaria, quienes fueron entrevistados mediante una entrevista semiestructurada. Los hallazgos mostraron una preocupación por cumplir con las tareas asignadas y una consideración de las habilidades individuales, aunque se identificaron dificultades en la asignación de actividades y en la disponibilidad de espacios para la reflexión. En conclusión, el aprendizaje colaborativo es beneficioso para los estudiantes y se recomienda que los docentes fomenten espacios colaborativos a través de proyectos o experiencias de aprendizaje.
Implementation of Regenerative Tourism in the Development of Tourism Destinations in Indonesia
Authors: Radyahadi Fadhlan , Nurfara Najma Afifa
Published: August 2024

In the last few decades, a travel-based activity with a purpose of traveling has become one of the most important developments in the economic sector around the world. The development of tourism in a region has not only giving a positive impact but also a negative impact on the destination. Tourism has a major impact on the environment (such as; biodiversity loss, landscape impact, waste and water scarcity) and social impact (such as; over tourism, gentrification and social uprising). Regenerative tourism has the idea that tourism activities should leave something better at the destination than the previous circumstances. Unlike the concept of sustainable tourism that requires leaving the destination as it should without changing or causing more additional damage. The COVID-19 pandemic shows that the tourism sector is highly vulnerable, but on the other hand it is also an opportunity to rethink how to develop tourism. Regenerative tourism is presented as a new idea or concept in tourism as a way of thinking about how to rebuild tourism more better. Thus, the implementation of regenerative tourism policies can make the world better as it used to be by restoring landscapes and teaching tourists skills that can be applied in their country or region of origin
Innovating the MICE Industry through Creative Tourism: Opportunities and Future Directions
Authors: Disimulacion Maria Arlene Fernali
Published: August 2024

Creative tourism and Meetings, Incentives, Conventions, and Exhibitions (MICE) tourism are two independent sectors positioned for distinct markets, namely, the leisure and the business groups.   However, the sweeping shifts in tourist motivation, behavior, and interest toward immersive, engaging, and sustainable activities may require an innovative strategy that can mutually benefit stakeholders across the value and supply chain.  Thus, this paper seeks to present the possibility of a niche for both types of tourists.  Anchored on grounded theory, the research argues for inclusion of unique activities curated by residents for a MICE itinerary.   However, the strategy requires best new practices in the conceptualization, management, and evaluation of this new offer that will achieve profit objectives, ensure the well-being of the residents, safeguard traditions, and protect the communities, thus, resulting in a sustainable and regenerative tourism ecosystem.
ensino religioso no currículo escolar
Authors: Tavares Pereira Joabe
Published: August 2024

Este artigo se propõe a uma investigação acerca das incursões de proselitismo e violação da laicidade ocorridas nas escolas de Ensino Fundamental por ocasião das aulas ministradas por meio do componente curricular ensino religioso. Acrescido à nossa observação empírica de tais fenômenos, concorrem também como base teórica para este texto, leituras afins ao já mencionado problema escolar. Esta análise pretende investigar as causas históricas que permearam o fenômeno de proselitismo que ainda persiste no ambiente escolar. E, ainda, pensar não apenas na implementação dos documentos oficiais que regem epistemologicamente nosso Ensino, como também garantir sua observação e consolidação. Nesse sentido, procuramos investigar o papel pedagógico docente que aqui se traduz como mediador do diálogo e de promotor da cultura de paz. Nosso objetivo neste texto é compreender o lugar do ensino religioso, sua contribuição em mitigar o proselitismo e de que maneira o professor desse componente pode se ater como mediador de ambiente escolar resguardado pela ética e paz, o que se faz com uma pedagogia democrática, pluralista e laica.
Condemned Bodies: Experiences of Homophobic Hatred and Violence in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
Authors: Makhaye Nandi
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this paper is to present the thoughts, voices, and lived experiences of people who do not conform to normative socio-cultural and religious prescriptions of gender and sexuality, namely black Izitabane[1] women located in Pietermaritzburg South Africa. By sharing these experiences I hope to inspire deeper consideration and rethinking of the role and presence of Izitabane Christians in church and society. My reflections are framed by queer theology, a conviction that scholars need to prioritize the lived experiences of marginalized Izitabane women, particularly as “[women’s] experiences have been left out of theological reflection”. This form of theology is appropriate and useful for theologizing on Izitabane bodies, whose rights, experiences, perspectives, and existence are rejected as meaningless and denounced as unimportant. As a result, this methodology emphasizes a theology from the margins in which I focus on empowering the lives and experiences of black Izitabane women as resources for my theologizing.
 
[1] [1]The term ‘Isitabane’ (Isizulu language) is used in this study to refer to black queer bodies (more generally known as lesbians) within the South African context. I am reclaiming this term that has been used to discriminate and oppress non-gender conforming bodies and I am using it to showcase that Izitabane people exist in South Africa. The term is discussed in detail in the conceptual classification section below.
Distribution of HCV Genotypes in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Three-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Gürbüz Melahat , Demir Cengiz , Ünlü Selahattin , Yıldırım Betül Fatmanur , Çetinkol Yeliz
Published: August 2024

Objective: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the genus Hepacivirus in the Flaviviridae family. It has eight known genotypes and 93 subtypes. HCV can be transmitted through various routes, including blood transfusion, surgical procedures, sexual contact, and intravenous drug use, leading to both acute and chronic hepatitis. Genotype (GT) determination and viral load assessment are essential for selecting an appropriate antiviral treatment regimen and duration, and for monitoring treatment efficacy. We aimed to ascertain the genotype distribution over a three-year period.
Methods: In this study, patients diagnosed with chronic HCV infection and followed at Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Health Practice and Research Hospital between July 1, 2020, and June 30, 2023, were retrospectively evaluated for their age, gender, and HCV genotype data.
Results: A total of 91 patients’ HCV genotype data were included in the study. The study revealed that 95.6% of the patients were Turkish citizens, while 4.4% were of foreign nationality. Among the 91 patients, 60 (65.9%) were found to have genotype 1b, 12 (13.2%) had genotype 1a, 10 (11%) had genotype 3, 6 (6.6%) had genotype 4, 2 (2.2%) had genotype 2, and one patient (1.1%) had a co-infection of genotypes 3 and 4.
Conclusion: Genotype 1b was dominant in our region. Identifying HCV genotypes is important in guiding the prognosis and treatment of chronic HCV infections and monitoring the epidemiologic changes. This information will be of great value in the health policy that targets HCV and in elimination efforts.