bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GAMBARAN JAMUR CANDIDA ALBICANS PADA URIN PENDERITA DM TIPE 2 DI SAMARINDA
Authors: Agustina Setia Skolastika , Azahra Sresta , Kusumawati Nursalinda
Published: February 2024

Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit endokrin dan metabolik yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya kadar gula darah dari batas normal atau yang biasa disebut dengan hiperglikemia. Tingginya kadar glukosa di dalam darah, jaringan, dan urin dapat menyebabkan jamur tumbuh secara berlebihan dan menjadi patogen. Jamur yang paling banyak menyebabkan infeksi adalah Candida albicans. DM merupakan salah satu faktor predisposisi tumbuhnya Candida albicans yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi saluran kemih. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya jamur Candida albicans pada urin penderita DM Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Harapan Baru. Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan metode cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 50 urin penderita DM Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Harapan Baru dengan teknik purposive sampling. Metode pemeriksaan jamur dilakukan secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariate. Hasil penelitian didapatkan karakteristik penderita DM Tipe 2 berdasarkan usia yang paling banyak adalah usia 45-59 tahun sebanyak 70% dengan jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 74%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 42% sampel negatif jamur Candida albicans, 48% sampel positif Candida non-albicans dan 10% sampel positif jamur Candida albicans. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat hasil positif jamur Candida albicans pada urin penderita DM Tipe 2.
EVALUATION OF PLATELET RICH PLASMA (PRP) PREPARATION PROCEDURE
Authors: Yuliandari Aisyara , Damhuri Prima Octafia , Margaretta Tiur Sherly , Priskilla Sarah Ester , Hartini H
Published: February 2024

The success of PRP therapy in repairing tissue damage is influenced by the PRP preparation procedure. Currently, there’s no standardization of PRP preparation procedures, and various techniques are used, such as the use of anticoagulants and different centrifugation speeds. This study aimed to evaluating the PRP preparation procedures based on the centrifugations steps (single and double centrifugation) and the use of  anticoagulants variation (sodium citrate, EDTA and ACD-A). This study was an experimental study and used blood samples from respondents. The selected respondents must meet inclusion and exclusion criteria. The treatment groups in this study were the single centrifugation group and the double centrifugation group. Each group will be divided into 3 subgroups with different anticoagulant usage (sodium citrate, EDTA and ACD-A). Statistical analysis results showed a significant difference in the mean platelet count in the sodium citrate , EDTA, ACD-A groups with single and double centrifugation steps. Evaluation of platelet preparation procedures in this study, a higher platelet count was obtained, specifically in the sodium citrate group (494 x 103 cells/µL), EDTA group (829.4 x 103 cells/µL), and ACD-A group (607.1 x 103 cells/µL), compared to single centrifugation in the sodium citrate group (354.8 x 103 cells/µL), EDTA group (408.1 x 103 cells/µL), and ACD-A group (390.6 x 103 cells/µL). The highest platelet count in PRP was achieved with the preparation procedure using EDTA as the anticoagulant with double centrifugation. Further research is necessary to evaluate PRP preparation procedures regarding the concentration of growth factors present in PRP.
DESCRIPTION OF URINE SEDIMENT IN DIABETES MELITUS PATIENTS AT BUNDA THAMRIN HOSPITAL MEDAN IN 2023
Authors: Rajagukguk Tiara , Rajagukguk Desy Lustiyani , Aritonang Erlan
Published: February 2024

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of chronic diseases caused by the pancreas being unable to produce the hormone insulin to meet the body's needs. This disease is characterized by an increase in blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia. Patients with diabetes mellitus are at risk of developing urinary tract infections due to immune factors, namely in the form of leukocyte disorders. High concentrations of sugar in the urine (glucoseuria) can inhibit leukocyte activity, in connection with that we need to look at the description of urine sediment in DM patients. The purpose of this study was to find out the results of examining the appearance of urine sediment in diabetes mellitus patients at Bunda Thamrin Hospital Medan in 2023. This type of research is descriptive analytic. The sample used is morning urine as much as 20 samples. Urine Sediment Examination Results in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Bunda Thamrin Hospital Medan in 2023 found that Erythrocytes increased entirely in 20 samples and Leukocytes obtained normal results in 12 samples (60%) and results increased by 7 samples (35%), then in epithelium found 12 samples (60%) normal and 8 samples (40%) increased, and in oxalate crystals found in 15 samples (75%) and 5 samples (25%) increased. It can be concluded that people with diabetes mellitus must maintain a healthy diet and exercise diligently, and always control blood sugar levels.
UJI AKTIVITAS DAYA HAMBAT ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK N-HEKSANA Ocimum basilicum L. TERHADAP BAKTERI STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS
Authors: Wau Bernadeth Intan Jutersfan , Furqan Mainal , Lifiani Realita
Published: February 2024

Daun kemangi dalam dunia kesehatan dapat berfungsi sebagai salah satu antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa kimia dan mengetahui kemampuan ekstrak n-heksana daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans dari konsentrasi 20%, 40%, dan 60% dengan kontrol positif amoxicillin dan kontrol negatif DMSO. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan metode difusi menggunakan kertas cakram. Ekstrak daun kemangi dibuat oleh metode maserasi menggunakan n-heksana sebagai pelarut. Hasil dari uji skrining fitokimia bubuk daun kemangi menunjukkan adanya senyawa flavonoid, Steroid/Triterpenoid, Tanin, dan Saponin. Hasil antibakteri uji aktivitas menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun kemangi memberikan zona hambat pada konsentrasi 20%, 40%, dan 60% terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans yang masing-masing memiliki daya hambat zona (6,8 mm), (7,3 mm), (9,5 mm), amoxicillin 15,51 mm. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans.
OPTIMASI FORMULA LIPOSOM EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT MARKISA UNGU (Passiflora edulis Sims) DENGAN METODE DESAIN FAKTORIAL
Authors: Chandra Devina , Suryani Monica , Tandiono Steven , Pasaribu Yusuf Gunawan
Published: February 2024

Penghantaran obat mempengaruhi efek obat dalam tubuh menuju organ target, oleh  karena itu diperlukan suatu sistem penghantaran obat seperti liposom. Pada pembuatan sediaan liposom membutuhkan optimasi formula pada lecithin dan kolesterol yang merupakan komponen utama pembuatan liposom. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui formula liposom yang optimal dengan variasi lecithin dan kolesterol yang mempunyai efek paling bagus. Penelitian diawali dengan penyiapan dan identifikasi kulit markisa ungu, dilanjutkan dengan memformulasikan menjadi sediaan liposom, serta uji evaluasi mutu liposom. Hasil organoleptik menunjukkan kombinasi  lecithin dan kolesterol bentuk cair dengan warna coklat pada F1(4000:40 mg)  dan berwarna coklat muda pada F2 (4000:80 mg), F3 (7000:40 mg), dan F4 (7000:80 mg). Uji mutu liposom ekstrak kulit markisa ungu memiliki persentase efisiensi penjerapan yaitu 87,24, 80,45, 87,65, dan 80,74%; nilai ukuran partikel yaitu 733,31; 476,78; 157,03; dan 229,91 nm; nilai viskositas yaitu 1,67; 3,30; 3,79; dan 11,46 cPs; nilai daya sebar yaitu 8,83; 9,46; 8,43; dan 7,93 cm; nilai pH yaitu 5,53; 5,83; 5,56; dan 5,86. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini didapatkan formula yang optimal pada sediaan liposom ekstrak kulit markisa ungu dengan perbandingan lecithin 7000 mg dan kolesterol 40 mg; serta F3 memiliki efek paling bagus mendekati prediksi mutu formula liposom yang optimal.
HUBUNGAN PELAYANAN INFORMASI OBAT (PIO) DENGANTINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI PUSKESMAS KOTA MATSUM MEDAN
Authors: Sihombing Noveria Sinta Marito , Fitri Widya , Fikrih Rezzza
Published: February 2024

Pelayanan Informasi Obat adalah kegiatan penyediaan dan pemberian informasi, rekomendasi obat yang independen, akurat, tidak bias, dan komprehensif yang dilakukan oleh farmasis kepada dokter, farmasis, perawat, profesi kesehatan lainnya serta pasien. Kepuasan pasien merupakan ukuran mutu pusat kesehatan nasional yang harus dicapai dan dipenuhi oleh fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pelayanan informasi obat dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien rawat jalan di Puskesmas Kota Matsum. Metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan meyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien rawat jalan yang berobat di Puskesmas Kota Matsum Medan sejumlah 91 responden. Data di analisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu univariat dan bivariat yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pelayanan informasi obat dengan kepuasan pasien menggunakan metode analisis data Chi-Square. Hasil dan kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ialah uji statistik Chi-Square di dapatkan p-value 0,045 (p<0,05) menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan Pelayanan Informasi Obat (PIO) dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien rawat jalan di Puskesmas Kota Matsum Medan. Distribusi frekuensi Pelayanan Informasi Obat dengan kategori baik sebanyak 50 responden (54.9%) dan tidak baik 41 responden (45,1%). Distribusi Frekuensi Kepuasan Pasien dengan kategori puas sebanyak 54 responden  (59,3%) dan tidak puas 37 responden (40,7%).
FORMULASI SEDIAAN SABUN MANDI PADAT DARI EKSTRAK UMBI WORTEL (Daucus Carota L.) SEBAGAI PELEMBAB
Authors: Furqan Mainal , Simamora Santy , Rumela Nuranti
Published: February 2024

Tumbuhan wortel mempunyai kandungan senyawa fenol, serta antioksidan alami yaitu provitamin A serta karotenoid. Betakaroten dalam umbi wortel (Daucus carota L.) bermanfaat untuk menjaga kelembapan kulit, melembutkan kulit sehingga kulit selalu tampak berseri. Oleh karena itu umbi wortel memungkinkan untuk digunakan sebagai bahan aktif pada pembuatan sabun. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui umbi wortel (Daucus carota L.) dapat diformulasikan kedalam sediaan sabun mandi padat yang berfungsi sebagai sabun pelembab kulit. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental yaitu melakukan percobaan membuat formulasi sabun mandi padat dari umbi wortel dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15%. Uji yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini meliputi uji organoleptis, uji pH, uji tinggi busa, uji alkali bebas, uji iritasi terhadap kulit sukarelawan, uji kelembaban terhadap kulit sukarelawan, dan uji hedonik terhadap penelis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak umbi wortel dapat diformulasikan menjadi sabun mandi padat. Yang memiliki pH pada kisaran 8-11 dan memiliki busa yang cukup tinggi serta tidak menimbulkan iritasi terhadap kulit sukarelawan dan dapat meningkatkan kelembaban terhadap kulit sukarelawan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah umbi wortel dapat diformulasikan kedalam sediaan sabun mandi padat sebagai pelembab.
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN JAMBU AIR (Syzygium aqueum) (Burm. F) Alston SEBAGAI ANTIDIARE PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI OLEUM RICINI
Authors: Bawamenewi Vivi Ulfy Rahayu , Nurfadhilah Dhea , Ginting Ferdinand Paulus
Published: February 2024

Diare adalah suatu penyakit dengan tanda-tanda adanya perubahan bentuk dan konsistensi dari tinja, yang melembek sampai mencair, dan bertambahnya frekuensi buang air besar biasanya tiga kali atau lebih dalam sehari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antidiare Ekstrak  Etanol Daun Jambu Air (Syzygium aqueum) SSebagai  Antidiare Pada Tikus  Putih Jantan Yang Diinduksi Oleum Ricini. Umumnya diare akut di Indonesia disebabkan oleh masalah kebersihan lingkungan, kebersihan makanan, dan juga infeksi mikroorganisme (bakteri, virus, dan jamur). Jambu air termasuk kedalam suku Myrtaceae yang diketahui memiliki khasiat sebagai obat tradisional. Daun jambu air mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, glikosida,triterpenoid/steroid dan saponin yang memiliki khasiat antidiare. EEDJA diperoleh dari Teknik maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% dan digunakan pada 24 ekor tikus putih jantan yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok Kelompok  1  (normal), kelompok 2 (negative), 0,5% Na-CMC, kelompok 3 (positif), loperamide HCL dosis 0,18 mg/kgBB, kelompok 4, 5, 6, EEDJA dosis 100, 200, 400 mg/kgBB diberikan secara oral selama 6jam, Data analisis dengan ANOVA dan uji Post Hoc Tuckey HSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa EEDJA dengan dosis terbaik adalah 400mg/kgBB yang memiliki khasiat sebagai antidiare. Karena adanya pengaruh terhadap waktu timbul terjadinya diare, konsistensi feses, berat feses, frekuensi diare, dan lama terjadinya diare terhadap tikus jantan yang diinduksi oleh oleum ricini. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa EEDJA memiliki khasiat sebagai antidiare pada tikus jantan yang telkah diinduksi oleh minyak jarak (oleum ricini) sebagi  model tikus diare.
ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN OBAT INDIKATOR DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN MEDAN AREA TAHUN 2022
Authors: Zebua Mercy Martyanis , Fitri Widya , Fikrih Rezza
Published: February 2024

Obat indikator adalah 40 item obat esensial dan 5 item vaksin IDL (Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap) yang terdapat di Puskesmas. Obat esensial dan vaksin adalah komoditi kesehatan yang menjadi salah satu kebutuhan dasar dalam meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat dan merupakan barang publik yang perlu dijamin ketersediaannya dalam upaya pemenuhan pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persentase ketersediaan obat indikator di wilayah kerja Puskesmas kecamatan Medan area tahun 2022. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Juni tahun 2023, menggunakan desain survei. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Puskesmas Medan area selatan, Puskesmas sukaramai dan Puskesmas Kota matsum. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan Microsoft Excel, dan ketersediaan obat indikator dihitung dalam persentase dan dibandingkan dengan standar nasional yang telah ditetapkan oleh Kementerian kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tiga Puskesmas sekecamatan Medan area selatan memenuhi standar tingkat ketersediaan obat esensial selama tahun 2022 yaitu diatas 81%. Sedangkan persentase tingkat ketersediaan vaksin IDL selama tahun 2022 diatas 95% hanya Puskesmas Kota matsum (100%). Akibat dari kurangnya ketersediaan obat indikator dapat mempengaruhi kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian yang diberikan kepada masyarakat.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANALGESIK EKTRAK ETANOL DAUN MARKISA (Passiflora edulis simsss) TERHADAP MENCITPUTIH JANTAN (Muss mucculus) DENGAN METODE PLAT PANAS
Authors: Gultom Elfrida , Nurfadhilah Dhea , Lifiani Rialita
Published: February 2024

Daun Markisa (Passiflora edulis simss) secara tradisional dimanfaatkan sebagai penanganan disentri dan insomnia. Beberapa kandungan senyawa yang terkandung pada Daun Markisa yaitu flavonoid yang digunakan sebagai analgesik. Daun Markisa ini diambil dengan metode purposive sampling yang berasal dari daerah Desa Tiga Balata, Kecamatan Jorlang Hataran, Simalungun, Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas analgesik ekstrak etanol daun markisa (Passiflora edulis simss) terhadap mencit putih jantan. Pengujian pada penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan menggunakan metode hot plate. Ekstrak etanol daun markisa (EEDM) diperoleh dari proses maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% dan ekstrak digunakan pada mencit putih jantan (muss mucculus) yang dibagi menjadi 3 dosis ekstrak yaitu 50 mg/KgBB, 100 mg/KgBB dan 200 mg/KgBB. Digunakan pula suspensi Na-CMC 0,5% sebagai kontrol negatif dan asam mefenamat  500 mg sebagai kontrol positif. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan uji Post Hoc Tukey HSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa EEDM dapat memberikan efektivitas analgesik terhadap mencit putih jantan. Dosis terbaik EEDM pada mencit  terdapat pada dosis 50mg/kgBB dengan proteksi adalah 63,02% dan persen efektifitas 94,06%. Dosis 100mg/kgBB dengan proteksi adalah 59,28% dan persen efektifitas 95,97% dan 200 mg/kgBB dengan proteksi adalah 62,21 dan persen efektifitas 97,97%. Dosis ekstrak etanol daun markisa (Passiflora edulis simss) yang paling efektif sebagai analgetik adalah dosis pemberian oral sebanyak 200 mg/kgBB menujukkan efek hampir sama dengan kontrol positif (pemberian asam mefenamat).
HUBUNGAN KEPATUHAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT DENGAN KEBERHASILAN TERAPI PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS PANGKALAN BUDIMAN TAHUN 2023
Authors: Sembiring Jimmy Semsion , Thaib Cut Masyithah , Furqan Mainal
Published: February 2024

Menurut WHO, sekitar 972 juta (26,4%) penduduk dunia menderita hipertensi dan diperkirakan akan meningkat menjadi 29,2% pada tahun 2025. Berdasarkan hasil riset dari Riskesdas 2018, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai yang mendapat nilai prevalensi 26,25% yang termasuk kategori kecil jika dibandingkan dengan kabupaten lain. Namun di salah satu puskesmas yaitu Puskesmas Pangkalan Budiman masih mengalami kasus hipertensi yang tinggi tiap bulannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepatuhan minum obat dengan keberhasilan terapi hipertensi dan mengamati karakteristik pasien hipertensi yang berada di Puskesmas Pangkalan Budiman. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif korelasional. Pada penelitian ini diambil sampel populasi pasien hipertensi dengan menggunakan quota sampling yaitu sebanyak 90 sampel, dan kuesioner digunakan sebagai alat untuk menentukan kepatuhan minum obat dengan kriteria rendah, sedang dan tinggi, serta rekam medis pasien digunakan untuk menentukan kesuksesan terapi dengan kriteria berhasil dan tidak berhasil. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian karakteristik pasien hipertensi yang berobat di Puskesmas Pangkalan Budiman mayoritas berumur 51-60 tahun berjenis kelamin perempuan dengan tingkat pendidikan terbanyak yaitu tidak sekolah dan telah menderita penyakit hipertensi > 1 tahun. Kepatuhan penggunaan obat pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Pangkalan Budiman yaitu paling tinggi terdapat pada pasien dengan kepatuhan rendah sebanyak 43,3%, kepatuhan sedang sebanyak 15,6% dan kepatuhan tinggi sebanyak 41,1%. Keberhasilan terapi pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Pangkalan Budiman yaitu pasien yang berhasil sebanyak 74,4% dan pada pasien yang tidak berhasil sebanyak 25,6%. uji Chi Square didapatkan Pvalue 0,001 < 0,05, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara kepatuhan penggunaan obat dengan keberhasilan terapi pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Pangkalan Budiman.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BENGKUANG (Pachyrhizus erosus) TERHADAP Staphylococcusepidermidis dan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Suharyanisa Suharyanisa , Roslianizar Syarifah , Harefa Makarios
Published: February 2024

Infeksi kulit merupakan salah satu penyakit yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme yang dapat menginfeksi luka pada permukaan kulit. Umbi bengkuang mengandung serat, inulin, vitamin C, flavonoid, dan daidzein yang bermanfaat untuk prebiotik, antidiabetes mellitus, immunomodulator, fitoestrogen, dan kecantikan. Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Staphylococcus aureus menyebabkan infeksi yang disertai nanah karena terjadi kerusakan jaringan. Berdasarkan uraian pada di atas maka, pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus) terhadap Staphylococcus epidermis dan Staphylococcus aureus. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental metode difusi agar untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri umbi bengkuang dengan konsentrasi 10, 20, 30, 40, dan 50%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 10, 20, 30, 40, 50% dan kontrol positif (Kloramfenikol) umbi bengkuang memiliki daya hambat antibakteri yang sedang terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus Epidermidis yang ditunjukkan dengan diameter hambat masing masing 7,70±24,50 mm, 8,13±1,00 mm, 8,34±34,39 mm, 10,4±1,00 mm, 13,3±3,60 mm dan 28,2±3,00 mm .Pada Staphylococcus Aureus memiliki daya hambat antibakteri hambat masing masing 7,32±57,74 mm, 7,45±32,78 mm, 8,33±24,75 mm, 11,4±1,52 mm, 13,2±1,00 mm dan 29,3±2,08 mm Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol umbi bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus) dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Staphylococcus aureus serta konsentrasi terbaik yang mampu memberikan pengaruh terhadap penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri adalah konsentrasi 50%.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI PINANG (Areca catechu L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentriae, DAN Salmonella typhi
Authors: Sitompul Erly , Hafizullah Ahmad , Silalahi Yosy Cinthya Eriwaty , Telaumbanua Realisni
Published: February 2024

One of the medicinal plants is the areca nut (Areca catechu L.) from the Arecae family which has the potential as an anticancer having antioxidant and antimutagenic, astringent, and anthelmintic effects. Areca nut seeds contain alkaloids, such as arekoline, arekolidine, arekain, guvakolin, guvasine and isoguvasine. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the betel nut (Areca catechu L.) simplicia, class of compounds, and the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of areca nut (Areca catechu L.) against the growth of Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentriae, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The method used is the ethanol extract of areca nut (Areca catechu L.) obtained from the maceration process with 96% ethanol. The results of phytochemical screening showed that the ethanolic extract of areca nut (Areca catechu L.) contains a group of alkaloid compounds, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and triterpenoids. The effect of giving young betel nut ethanol extract to Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentriae, and Salmonella typhi bacteria was indicated by the formation of an inhibition zone of optimum concentration. The ethanol extract of old betel nut against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentriae, and Salmonella typhi bacteria was characterized by the formation of an optimum concentration inhibition zone. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of areca nut (Areca catechu L.) has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentriae, and Salmonella typhi.
PENETAPAN KADAR KLORIN PADA BEBERAPA MERK PEMBALUT WANITA YANG ADA DI PASARAN DENGAN METODE IODOMETRI
Authors: Daulay Anny Sartika , Lubis Minda Sari , Sandika M Teguh
Published: February 2024

Sanitary napkin is a device product used by women during menstruation, sanitary napkins function to absorb blood from the vagina so that the blood that comes out does not interfere. Currently, there are many problems that arise in sanitary napkins, due to the presence of chlorine additives which function as an ingredient in the initial bleaching process of sanitary napkins. The purpose of this study was to identify the color reaction test, and to determine the chlorine content by iodometry method in sanitary napkins on the market. This research is an experimental study using a sample of sanitary napkins on the market. Sampling by random sampling (random). Determination of chlorine in sanitary napkins by testing qualitatively with a color reaction and quantitatively using the iodometric method.Based on the results of the study, it was found that of the 5 (five) samples used, 3 (three) positive samples contained chlorine, namely samples A, B and sample C. The chlorine content obtained in sample A was 0.0035%, sample B was 0.0014 % and sample C is 0.0027%. According to YLKI, the normal threshold for the use of chlorine in sanitary napkins is 5-55 ppm, so the samples tested still meet the stipulated conditions.
FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN LIP BALM DENGAN PEWARNA EKSTRAK UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamk.)
Authors: Supartiningsih Supartiningsih , Sitorus Elly Nurita , Silalahi Yosy Cinthya Eriwaty , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa
Published: February 2024

Lip balm is a cosmetic preparation with the main components such as wax, fat, and oil from natural or synthesized extracts with the aim of preventing dryness of the lips by increasing lip moisture and protecting the adverse effects of the environment on the lips. The use of purple sweet potato as a dye is because purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamk.) has an attractive color, the color of purple sweet potato is due to the presence of anthocyanin pigments which are derivatives of flavonoid compounds which are generally soluble in polar solvents. This study aims to formulate and evaluate lip balm preparations using purple sweet potato extract at concentrations of 3%, 6%, 9%, and without using purple sweet potato extract. This research is experimental research. Lip balm preparations were made by adding purple sweet potato extract with various concentrations (F1) 3%, (F2) 6%, (F3) 9%, and blank formula (F0) as the basis for lip balm preparations without purple sweet potato extract. Evaluation of the preparation includes homogeneity test, stability test, smear test, adhesion test, spreadability test, and pH test. The test results showed that purple sweet potato extract can be formulated in lip balm preparations that have a homogeneous composition, have good smearing power, good adhesion F0 (1 minute), F1 (1 minute 3 seconds), F2 (1 minute 8 seconds). seconds), F3 (1 minute 11 seconds), spreadability (5-5.7cm), pH test on all preparations showed a pH that was in accordance with the pH of the skin. And obtained formula 3 is the best formula.
PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereuscostaricensis (F.A.C. Weber) Britton & Rose.) DALAM FORMULASI PEWARNA RAMBUT
Authors: Masyithah Cut , Maimunah Siti , Zuhairiah Zuhairiah , Sitorus Cahaya Amalia
Published: February 2024

Hair is a symbol of beauty in humans which is one of the adnexa (parts) of the skin that grows from the skin. Hair grows from the root, hair that is in the dermis layer, and through the hair follicle channel out of the skin. There are some differences in each hair such as type, shape, amount, and color. Dragon fruit peel is an agricultural waste that contains high anthocyanin natural dyes. Anthocyanin is a dye that plays a role in giving red color which has the potential to be a natural colorant for food and can be used as an alternative to synthetic dyes that are safer for health. Anthocyanin was taken by the extraction method. The results showed that the higher the concentration of the adjuvant used, the darker the gray hair. The use of auxiliary materials in a concentration of 0.5% produces a brownish-black color, and a concentration of 1% produces a dark black color. The preparation of gray hair dye made with the formula of 2.5% dragon fruit peel extract and 1% adjuvant produces a deep black color, so pyrogallol, copper (II) sulfate, xanthan gum with a concentration of 0.5% are used in order to distinguish changes on white hair (grey), due to the EKBN formula or from added additives.
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL BAWANG PUTIH (Alliumsativum L.)YANG DIHITAMKAN SEBAGAI ANTI INFLAMASI YANG DIINDUKSI OLEH KARAGENAN TERHADAP Mus musculus
Authors: Wiratma Dicky Yuswardi , Manurung Kesaktian , Supartiningsih Supartiningsih , Telaumbanua May Fransisca
Published: February 2024

One of the plants used as an alternative to traditional medicine is Garlic (Allium sativum L.). Garlic which is rich in organic organo sulfur compounds (amino acids and essential oils) in the form of allin has many benefits in treating various types of diseases. One of the processed forms of garlic is black garlic. Black garlic is a heating product from garlic that is heated at a temperature of 70oC with a relative humidity of 70-80%. This study aims to determine the use of black garlic as an anti-inflammatory, how to make black garlic and at what concentration black garlic has an anti-inflammatory effect. The method used in this research is a pure experimental method. The results of the %R measurement, the negative control group had the highest level of inflammation and the lowest was the black garlic extract group with a concentration of 60%. Meanwhile, in the %IR measurement, the black garlic extract group with a concentration of 60% had the greatest ability to block inflammation. From the tests that have been carried out, black garlic is obtained from heating results and the results of measuring the effectiveness of its anti-inflammatory activity, namely black garlic extract with a concentration of 60% have a better anti-inflammatory effect compared to other concentrations and diclofenac sodium.
PENENTUAN KONSENTRASI HAMBAT MINIMUM (KHM) DARI EKSTRAK BUAH SAWO TERHADAP Salmonella typhi
Authors: Nurbaya Siti , Silalahi Yosy Cinthya Eriwaty , Nurussakinah Nurussakinah , Purba Trionaldo
Published: February 2024

Sapodilla fruit (Manilkara zapota) belongs to the Sapotaceae family. Sapodilla fruit is traditionally used in traditional medicine to cure typhoid and sapodilla fruit is not only made medicine but also the sap is taken as raw material for making chewing gum. The purpose of the examination was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of sapodilla fruit extract against Salmonella typhi bacteria. The method used is the agar diffusion method using Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) as a growth medium and paper backing. The results of the examination of the effective inhibition at a concentration of 300mg/ml with a diameter of 15.4 mm while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was at a concentration of 50mg/ml against Salmonella typhi with the smallest inhibitory diameter of 11.5 mm. From the data above, sapodilla fruit extract has a great inhibitory power against Salmonella typhi
PEMERIKSAAN JAMUR PADA ROTI ISI KACANG HIJAU YANG DIPERJUALBELIKAN DI PASAR SEI SIKAMBING MEDAN
Authors: Sinaga Eka Margaretha , Nasution Pandapotan , Maimunah Siti , Yanti Surfin Putri
Published: February 2024

Green-bean filling bread is made from wheat flour and water and fermented with yeast. The presence of carbohydrates and sugar in bread causes mold to grow. This examination aims to determine the presence or absence of fungus on green bean sandwiches according to the SNI standard with no more than 104 microbial ingredients. The medium used in this examination is Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) which has been added with 0.1% chloramphenicol. This examination uses an experimental method (parametric experiment). The sample in this examination is green bean stuffed bread traded in the Sei Sikambing market in Medan, the number of samples examined is 4 types from 2 shophouses in the Sei Sikambing market, Medan in 2015. The results of the examination showed the presence of fungal growth in all samples so the sample does not meet the requirements of SNI. To consume bread, you should pay attention to the condition of the bread at the time of buying.
IDENTIFIKASI CEMARAN LOGAM Sn (TIMAH) DALAM SUSU KENTAL MANIS KEMASAN KALENG
Authors: Maimunah Siti , Hafizullah Ahmad , Simarmata Yettrie
Published: February 2024

Condensed milk or more commonly sweetened condensed milk is cow's milk in which the water is removed and sugar is added, resulting in milk that is very sweet in taste and can last for up to a year if not opened. In general, the term sweetened condensed milk means sweetened milk, namely milk in the form of a thick liquid, yellowish-white or other colors depending on the aroma added, with a distinctive smell and taste. This research was conducted to determine the presence or absence of metallic Sn (tin) in canned sweetened condensed milk in whole and dented cans. The samples examined were whole and dented canned sweetened condensed milk sold around Jalan Kapten Muslim Medan, the samples were taken randomly from three different brands. This study used a qualitative test method, the sample was ashed first using 0.1N HCl solvent, this research was carried out using 0.1N sodium hydroxide reagent there was no white or negative precipitate, using 0.1N sodium carbonate reagent there was no white precipitate or negative. Sweetened condensed milk sold around Jalan Kapten Muslim Medan does not contain Sn (tin) in the qualitative test, this shows that the sweetened condensed milk is safe for consumption.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN MASKER PEEL-OFF EKSTRAK DAUN PAKIS (Diplazium esculentum (Retz.)sw.) SEBAGAI ANTI-AGING
Authors: Ghazali Ahmad , Marpaung Jon Kenedy , Adiansyah Adiansyah , Sitorus Carlos Salinas
Published: February 2024

Tumbuhan pakis memiliki kandungan flavonoid, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B kompleks, kalsium, dan fosfor.  Flavonoid merupakan senyawa utama yang digunakan dalam sediaan masker gel peel-off sebagai anti-aging. Flavonoid mempunyai sifat sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan dari penilitian ini adalah memformulasikan dan mengevaluasi kemampuan masker gel peel-off ekstrak etanol daun pakis (Diplazium esculentum (Retz.)sw.) dalam memberikan efek anti-aging pada kulit wajah. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental.  Ekstrak etanol daun pakis diperoleh dengan cara maserasi menggunakan penyari etanol kemudian dipekatkan dengan rotary evaporator pada suhu 40, kemudian diformulasikan dalam sediaan masker gel peel-off dengan konsentrasi 2,5% (formula 1), 5% (formula 2), dan 7,5% (formula 3). Evaluasi terhadap sediaan masker gel peel-off meliputi pemeriksaan organoleptis, homogenitas, pengamatan stabilitas sediaan (perubahan warna, bau, pH dan waktu sediaan mongering dikulit) selama penyimpanan 4 minggu, uji viskositas, uji iritasi, dan uji efektifitas menggunakan alat skin analyzer terhadap kulit wajah. Parameter yang diukur meliputi kadar air, besar pori, jumlah noda, dan keriput. Perawatan dilakukan selama 4 minggu.Hasil penilitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun pakis dapat diformulasikan sebagai masker gel peel-off.  Hasil pemeriksaan kadar air yang terbaik adalah 7,5%, pori yang terbaik adalah 7,5%, penurunan noda yang terbaik pada konsentrasi 7,5%, dan penurunan keriput yang terbaik pada konsentrasi 5% terhadap pemakaian selama empat minggu.
PEMERIKSAAN KADAR ASAM MERKAPTOASETAT DALAM SEDIAAN PENGERITING RAMBUT YANG BEREDAR DI SALON SEKITAR UNIVERSITAS SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA
Authors: Nurbaya Siti , Maimunah Siti , Manurung Kesaktian
Published: February 2024

Cosmetics used for this purpose, such as curling hair, use hair curling preparations containing mercaptoacetic acid. Curling hair aims to change the structure of straight hair into wavy. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of mercaptoacetic acid in hair curling preparations circulating in salons around Sari Mutiara University, Indonesia. The research was conducted on 3 types of samples determined by iodometric titration method using potassium iodide titer solution and starch indicator. The results of this study examined the levels of mercaptoacetic acid in hair curling preparations in samples A: 5,676%, B: 6,053%, C: 6,478%. These results indicate that the 3 types of samples meet the requirements in accordance with the decision of the POM RI No. HK.00.05.42.1018 the Year 2008 with a maximum level of 8.0%.
PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI HEMISELULOSA DALAM PEMBUATAN MIKROPARTIKEL
Authors: Dalimunthe Gabena Indrayani , Lubis Minda Sari , Sitinjak Iyustri Ririn
Published: February 2024

Hemicellulose (corncob isolated) is a natural polymer that is nontoxic, mucoadhesive, biodegradable, biocompatible and has a low level of immunogenicity, so it is very good to be used as a drug carrier and in the development of pharmaceutical preparations. Hemicellulose in this study will be made in the size of microparticles, where the microparticles are preparations with a particle size of 1-1000 m. The microparticles in this study were encapsulated by varying the concentration of hemicellulose as a carrier combined with STPP (Sodium tripolyphosphate) as a cross-linker or as a crosslinking agent and Propylene Glycol (PG) as a solvent and metronidazole as a model drug. Variations in the concentration of hemicellulose made were 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg and 500 mg. The purpose of this study was to see how the effect of variations in hemicellulose concentration on particle size and the characterization of the formed microparticles. The microparticle characterization results obtained have particle sizes at F1= 453.36 m, F2= 635.93 m, F3= 717.32 m, F4= 893.22 m and F5= 918.57 m. The yield obtained at F1 = 80.29% , F2 = 82.50%, F3 = 90.47%, F4 = 87.65% and F5 = 90.75% while the solubility test results show that the microparticles are easily soluble in an atmosphere. alkaline and at high temperatures, while at low temperatures and acid conditions it is difficult to dissolve until practically insoluble.
PERBANDINGAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES EKSTRAK DAUN LIDAH BUAYA DAN LIDAH MERTUA PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN
Authors: Sianipar Artha Yuliana , Supartiningsih Supartiningsih , Nasution Pandapotan , Maimunah Siti , Gloria Rifka
Published: February 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease whose prevalence is increasing from year to year. This increase was accompanied by an increase in the cost of treatment and the number of complications. The use of traditional medicine is an alternative for the community to control blood sugar levels (KGD). Considering that synthetic drugs have various side effects, one of the medicinal plants used as traditional medicine is aloe vera leaf and mother-in-law's tongue leaf which contain flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and steroids/triterpenoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the antidiabetic activity of aloe vera leaf extract and mother-in-law's tongue and to compare the activities of the two. The results of the analysis of the glucose tolerance ANOVA test showed a significant difference in the percentage reduction at 60, 90, and 120 minutes for all treatment preparations. The alloxan induction test showed a significant difference in the percentage decrease from days 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Aloe Vera Leaf Ethanol Extract (EEDLB) and LidahMertua Leaf Ethanol Extract (EEDLM) with each dose of 150 and 200 mg/kg BW and the combination of the two gave antidiabetic activity against mice as well as differences in effectiveness between samples of aloe vera leaf and LidahMertua leaf as well as a single dose with a combination.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIJAMUR EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum) DENGAN METODE DIFUSI CAKRAM
Authors: Sitorus Panal , Sinaga Eka Margaret , Marpaung Jon Kenedy , Vevariantina Ayu
Published: February 2024

Fungal infections rarely cause dangerous conditions, one of which is Candida albicans. The use of antifungal drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by fungi is now quite a lot, but the problem faced now is the occurrence of side effects for users, such as allergies, to other toxic hazards. Garlic (Allium sativum) since antiquity has shown broad antibiotic properties against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including against multi-antibiotic-resistant strains. The purpose of this study was to determine the antifungal activity and effectiveness of ethanol extract of garlic peel against the fungus Candida albicans. The results showed that the yield of fresh simplicia was 10%, the extract yield was 8%. Examination of simplicia characteristics resulted in water content of 7.98%, water-soluble extract content of 18.11%, ethanol-soluble extract content of 7.30%, ash content of 1.06%, and acid insoluble ash content of 0.27%. Phytochemical screening results stated that garlic peel simplicia contained secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. The results of the inhibition test against the fungus candida Albicans using ethanol extract of garlic peel found antifungal effectiveness on the fungus candida Albicans. The conclusion of this study is that the ethanolic extract of garlic peel at concentrations of 500%, 400%, 300%, 200%, and 100% was less effective against the fungus Candida albicans.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DALAM BEBERAPA MINUMAN YOGHURT DENGAN METODE DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryhydrazil)
Authors: Simarmata Yettrie , Sinaga Eka Margaret , Silitonga Maringan
Published: February 2024

Antioxidants are chemical compounds that can donate one or more electrons (electron donors) to free radicals to inhibit oxidative reactions. One example that has the potential as an antioxidant is yogurt. Yogurt is a food that contains a number of live bacteria that have a beneficial effect on health because it has antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal activity and can boost the immune system. There are several factors that can affect the antioxidant activity of yogurt including temperature, storage conditions, and additional ingredients used such as adding fruit flavors. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of probiotics from yogurt drinks with various brands. Samples were taken from supermarkets in Medan City with 3 different brands coded A, B, and C. The antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method using a visible spectrophotometer measured at wavelengths. 516 nm. The results showed that there were two samples of yogurt drink coded A and B which were included in the strong category and code C samples were included in the weak category. Yogurt drink with brand code A has the strongest antioxidant activity compared to other brand yogurt drinks (B and C) with IC50 values from samples code A (80.52 ml), B (90.14 ml), and C (194, 81 ml).
FORMULASI SEDIAAN ANTISEPTIK DARI BUAH RIMBANG (Solanum torvum) SEBAGAI HAND SANITIZER
Authors: Maimunah Siti , Simarmata Yettrie , Sinaga Eka Margaret
Published: February 2024

Rimbang fruit (Solanum torvum) has properties as a skin antiseptic. Rimbang fruit extract (Solanum torvum) which has been isolated has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This is because the Rimbang fruit extract (Solanum torvum) contains compounds such as solasonins, glucosides, saponins, and sterolins. Formulation and testing of antibacterial activity of hand sanitizer gel preparations of Rimbang fruit extract and evaluation of the physical quality of hand sanitizer preparations. Rimbang fruit extract was made by the maceration method using 70% ethanol. Then it was evaporated using a rotary evaporator and the remaining solvent was evaporated until a thick extract was formed. Testing of antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method using disc paper against Staphylococcus aureus by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition of bacterial growth. The concentration of Rimbang fruit extract and hand sanitizer gel formula used (F1) 0.5% and (F2) 1%; Evaluation of the physical quality of the hand sanitizer preparation includes organoleptic test, homogeneity test, and pH test. The results of the antibacterial activity test of Rimbang fruit extract against Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 0.5% with an inhibitory diameter of 5.2 mm. Meanwhile, the results of the gel hand sanitizer activity test of Rimbang fruit extract obtained the inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria at a concentration of 1% with a diameter of 9.0 mm.
KARAKTERISASI SIMPLISIA SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL HERBA BINTARO (Cerbera manghas L.) TERHADAP Artemia salina Leach
Authors: Nasution Haris Munandar , Fatimah Cut , Syara Nurdiani
Published: February 2024

The use of anticancer chemotherapy with chemicals has not given optimal results because the drug does not work specifically, in addition to attacking cancer cells it also damages normal cells. Bintaro (Cerbera mangha L.) is a wild plant that contains secondary metabolites which have been shown to have a wide range of therapeutic applications. Several studies have stated that Bintaro has activities as aanti cancer. The purpose of this researchto know the characteristics of Bintaro herb simplicia (Cerbera manghas L.) which can be determined using the procedures listed in the Materia Medika Indonesia book, knowing the class of secondary metabolites contained in the ethanol extract of bintaro herbs (Cerbera manghas L.), andknowing the level of toxicity of the ethanol extract of the herb bintaro (Cerbera manghas L.). The method used in this research is experimental with the post-test only controlled group design. The results of the characterization on the organoleptic test of Bintaro herb simplicia, namely the leaves are dark brown, the taste is slightly bitter then bitter, the stems are dark brown and shrinking, the smell is distinctive and tasteless, and the flowers are dark brown, characteristic odor and tasteless, after being ground to a powder. dark brown. The results of the microscopic test, the leaf herb simplicia samples obtained fragments, namely diasitic type stomata, spiral vessel fragments and upper epidermis fragments with palisade cells. As for the stem herbs, there were tissue fragments of sclerenchyma fibers, vessel fragments, parenchymal fragments with clumps of brown secretions. Sclereid fragments were found in the floral herb samples.6%, for determination of water-soluble extract content obtained = 20.06%, ethanol soluble extract content = 2.18%, total ash content = 12.62%, acid insoluble ash content = 6.11%. positive bintaro herbs contain compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannins and saponins. From the calculation of the LC50 value, it can be concluded that the entanol extract of the Bintaro herb is included in the very toxic category with a value ofLC50 < 30 g/mlthat is9.35g/mL.
PENENTUAN KADAR BESI DI DALAM AIR SUMUR GALI PENDUDUK DI DESA KAMPUNG LALANG SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SINAR TAMPAK
Authors: Thaib Cut Masyithah , Sinaga Eka Margaret , Purba Dina Riani
Published: February 2024

Water is one of the sources of iron compound contaminants and the iron content in dug well water used as a water source is influenced by location and environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the iron content in dug well water used in daily life in the village of Kampung Lalang. Samples were taken from five different dug wells. Determination of iron content was carried out according to the spectrophotometric method in accordance with the procedures and spectrophotometers used in the chemical laboratory of the University of Sari Mutiara Indonesia. The results showed that of the 5 samples tested there were 2 samples containing iron compounds exceeding the levels of iron compounds set by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 907/MENKES/SK/VII/2002, the permissible levels of iron compounds, which should not be more than 0.3 mg/day. l. The iron content of 5 wells ranged from 0.2457 - 0.405 mg/l.
PENERAPAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM (SSA) DALAM MENGANALISIS LOGAM MERKURI (Hg) PADA KRIM PEMUTIH WAJAH
Authors: Nurbaya Siti , Safwan Ahmad Gazali , Silitonga Maringan
Published: February 2024

Whitening cream is a mixture of chemicals and or other ingredients with properties that can fade dark spots on the skin. Whitening cream must be safe and must not contain harmful ingredients such as heavy metal mercury because its toxicity to the organs of the kidneys, nerves, and brain is very strong, so its use is prohibited in cosmetic preparations. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of metallic mercury (Hg) contained in the preparation of facial whitening creams circulating in Sei Sikambing Market, Medan. The sample used in this study was a facial whitening cream that was not registered with BPOM. The method used to determine mercury levels is qualitatively using color reagents and quantitatively using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry). The results obtained were from 2 samples of facial whitening cream that were used positively for heavy metal mercury (Hg) characterized by the formation of a red-orange precipitate with KI reagent, yellow precipitate by NaOH reagent, white precipitate by HCl reagent. The results of the analysis showed that the highest Hg metal content in the sample with code E was 5.0241 ± 0.4064 g/g. The conclusion of this study is that two samples were positive for mercury, where the use of mercury has been prohibited by BPOM.