bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who owns the news? The "right to be forgotten” and journalists’ conflicting principles
Authors: Shapiro Ivor , MacLeod Rogers Brian
Published: May 2021

“The right to be forgotten” (RTBF) is a relatively new concept in human-rights law, but it deals in root ethical issues familiar to news people and their sources. Editors must routinely weigh the news’ long-term role as a “historical record” against its potential negative impacts on individuals. In the digital-journalism era, publication is at the same time both more enduring and less static, creating new parameters and possibilities for ethical decision-making. Because news content may be seen by more people in more places for much longer, the potential to do lasting good or harm is greater, but, because digital publication is more retractable and redactible than legacy platforms, the possibility of correction, clarification and removal creates both new harm-reduction opportunities and new challenges to the historical record. Also known as a “right to erasure” or “right to oblivion,” the RTBF, now accepted in the European Union, recognizes that, even in the age of Google, people should retain some degree of control over information about themselves and their pasts. (Factsheet on the ‘Right to be Forgotten’ ruling (C131-12), n.d.; Manna, 2014; Rosen, 2012). This paper will explore both legal and ethical implications of the issue.
Towards Understanding the Nature of High Frequency Ultrasound Backscatter from Cells and Tissues: an Investigation of Backscatter Power Spectra from Different Concentrations of Cells of Different Sizes
Authors: Kolios Michael , Czarnota G. J. , Worthington A. E. , Giles A. , Tunis A. S. , Sherar Michael D.
Published: May 2021

During cell death a series of structural changes occur within the cell. We have shown that cell ensembles and tissues undergoing structural changes associated with various cell death pathways can be detected using high-frequency ultrasound. In our effort to better understand the nature of backscatter from collections of cells (which emulate tissues), we have collected raw RF backscatter data from cells of two different sizes in solutions for a series of concentrations or in pellet form. Human acute myeloid leukemia cells (AML-5, ~10µm in diameter) and transformed prostate cells (~25-30µm in diameter) were imaged either in suspension or in pellet form. Images and radiofreqeuncy data were acquired using a VS40B ultrasound instrument (VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, Ont) and 20MHz, 30MHz and 40MHz transducers with -6dB bandwidths approaching 100%. The cells were either imaged in degassed phosphate buffered solution in which their volumetric fraction increased from 0.0025% to 2%, or in pellet form by using a swinging bucket centrifuge. It was found that the backscatter power (as measured by the mid-band fit) increased by ~ 3 dB for both cell types in dilute solutions for which the volumetric concentration was doubled for a specific range of cell concentrations (which was dependent on cell size). In pellet form the backscatter power from the prostate cell pellets was ~12-14dB greater than the AML cell pellets. A comparison of the spectral slopes also strongly suggests a change in the scattering source contributions when the cells are in pellets: the spectral slope was negative for all concentrations for prostate cells imaged at 40MHz, but positive when measured in pellets. This is consistent an increased contribution to the backscatter of smaller sized scatterers (such as the cell nucleus) that manifests itself only when the cells are in pellets but not in solution. These data will be compared to theoretical predictions and their significance discussed. 
Women in medicine: practice patterns and attitudes
Authors: Williams A. Paul , Domnick-Pierre Karen , Vayada Eugene , Stevenson H. Michael , Burke Mike
Published: May 2021

Increasing numbers of women are entering medicine in Canada. In 1959 women accounted for 6% of the medical school graduates, but by 1989 they accounted for 44%. Although there has been little systematic investigation of the impact of this increase on Canada's health care system, there are grounds for believing that female physicians bring with them distinctive values and interests, which may be reflected in the way they conduct their professional practices. We used data from a recent national survey of 2398 Canadian physicians to examine differences between women and men in their practices and their attitudes toward health care issues. Significant differences were found in the organization and management of the practices. Women preferred group over solo practice and were overrepresented in community health centres, health service organizations and centres locaux de services communautaires in Quebec. One-third of the women, as compared with half of the men, were in specialties. Even after adjusting for differences in workloads the incomes of the women were significantly lower than those of the men. Only minor differences were observed in the assessment of the health care system and alternative modes of organizing health care services. We believe that the differences were due to the double workload of women as professionals and family caregivers and the powerful socialization effects of medical education. As women overcome their minority status in the medical profession, differences between the sexes may become more apparent. Thus, the extent and effects of the progressive increase in the number of women in Canadian medicine should be assessed on an ongoing basis.
A simplified cervix model in response to induction balloon in pre-labour
Authors: Smith James Andrew
Published: May 2021

Background: Induction of labour is poorly understood even though it is performed in
20% of births in the United States. One method of induction, the balloon dilator
applied with traction to the interior os of the cervix, engages a softening process,
permitting dilation and effacement to proceed until the beginning of active labour.
The purpose of this work is to develop a simple model capable of reproducing the
dilation and effacement effect in the presence of a balloon.
Methods: The cervix, anchored by the uterus and the endopelvic fascia was modelled
in pre-labour. The spring-loaded, double sliding-joint, double pin-joint mechanism
model was developed with a Modelica-compatible system, MapleSoft MapleSim 6.1,
with a stiff Rosenbrock solver and 1E-4 absolute and relative tolerances. Total
simulation time for pre-labour was seven hours and simulations ended at 4.50 cm
dilation diameter and 2.25 cm effacement.
Results: Three spring configurations were tested: one pin joint, one sliding joint and
combined pin-joint-sliding-joint. Feedback, based on dilation speed modulated the
spring values, permitting controlled dilation. Dilation diameter speed was maintained
at 0.692 cm · hr−1 over the majority of the simulation time. In the sliding-joint-only
mode the maximum spring constant value was 23800 N · m−1. In pin-joint-only the
maximum spring constant value was 0.41 N·m· rad−1.With a sliding-joint-pin-joint pair
the maximum spring constants are 2000 N · m−1 and 0.41 N · m · rad−1, respectively.
Conclusions: The model, a simplified one-quarter version of the cervix, is capable of
maintaining near-constant dilation rates, similar to published clinical observations for
pre-labour. Lowest spring constant values are achieved when two springs are used, but
nearly identical tracking of dilation speed can be achieved with only a pin joint spring.
Initial and final values for effacement and dilation also match published clinical
observations. These results provide a framework for development of electro-mechanical
phantoms for induction training, as well as dilator testing and development.
A hybrid method to design and optimize a battery closed-loop supply chain: multi-objective approach
Authors: Tosarkani Babak Mohamadpour
Published: May 2021

There are a variety of prominent factors associated with total expected profit of a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). In a forward flow, volatility in transportation cost, inventory cost, and forecasting the market’s demand are the most challenging issues for decision makers, while determining the rate of returned products and efficiency in recycling the returned products are crucial parameters to predict in reverse flow. In this thesis, it is aimed to develop and apply
mixed-integer linear programming (MILP), scenario-based analysis, and fully fuzzy programming (FFP) methods to maximize the profit for a multi-echelon, multi-components, multi-product, multi-period battery CLSC in Vancouver, Canada. Furthermore, the proposed model is extended to multi-objective to consider the green factors related to plants and battery recovery centers. Fuzzy analytic network process (Fuzzy ANP) is utilized to convert the qualitative factors to the measurable parameters. Then, distance technique and ℇ-constraint method are utilized for solving the multi-objective problem.
Review [untitled]
Authors: Ferguson Susan
Published: May 2021

Review [untitled]
User Task Scenarios for Map-Based Decision Support in Community Health Planning
Authors: Kelsey Brian , Rinner Claus
Published: May 2021

Health outcomes are affected by the socio-demographic and physical-environmental characteristics of the places where people live. Therefore, epidemiologists have been interested in the use of maps to explore spatial patterns of disease for a long time. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are not only useful when visualizing complex spatial datasets but also when mapping the results of analytical processes. One such process is multi-criteria evaluation (MCE), which can be used to generate composite measures of public health based on individual, medical and non-medical factors.

The objective of this study was to determine if geovisual MCE can be an effective tool in community health planning. We provided highly interactive thematic maps coupled with MCE tools to planners at a community health centre and evaluated their use for community health planning and decision-making. User task scenarios were designed in a way to compare the usefulness of different representation methods for a number of tasks.

The pilot user test with two expert participants included interviews, questionnaires, and user task scenarios with think-aloud audio and screen video recording. We assessed the easiness of completing the tasks using completion rates and times and could identify a number of specific usability issues with the tool at hand.
Teaching Human Development to Early Childhood Education Students: A Cultural-Contextual Perspective
Authors: Bernhard Judith K. , Smith Howard A.
Published: May 2021

The focus of a cultural-contextual approach to development is to recognize the fact that considerable differences exist among human individuals, especially in terms of their diverse sociocultural backgrounds. This paper examines how a group of early childhood education students responded to the presentation of a cultural-contextual approach during a human development course. A variety of data were gathered on the reactions of 81 students enrolled in the course during their first year of a four-year undergraduate degree program in early childhood education. The data reflected a number of course-related issues, and the investigation looked for signs that the cultural approach was salient for the students. There appeared to be evidence for only a small degree of success in conveying the approach in terms of students actually mentioning such issues. In analyzing the findings we propose that to reach a larger number of students, it may be necessary to address in a deliberate way the explicit and implicit messages concerning what is important to know about human development. The underlying assumptions of the wider course of study may need to be addressed as well, both at the program level and within the individual courses themselves. Implications for teaching are presented.
Extreme Dependence in International Stock Markets
Authors: Ning Cathy
Published: May 2021

Extreme Dependence in International Stock Markets
The Effect of Building Aspect Ratio on Energy Efficiency: A Case Study for Multi-Unit Residential Buildings in Canada
Authors: McKeen Philip , Fung Alan
Published: May 2021

This paper examines the energy consumption of varying aspect ratio in multi-unit residential buildings in Canadian cities. The aspect ratio of a building is one of the most important determinants of energy efficiency. It defines the building surface area by which heat is transferred between the interior and exterior environment. It also defines the amount of building area that is subject to solar gain. The extent to which this can be beneficial or detrimental depends on the aspect ratio and climate. This paper evaluates the relationship between the geometry of buildings and location to identify a design vernacular for energy-efficient designs across Canada.
Author identifier analysis: Name authority control in two institutional repositories
Authors: Morgan Marina , Eichenlaub Naomi
Published: May 2021

The aim of this poster is to analyze name authority control in two institutional repositories to determine the extent to which faculty researchers are represented in researcher identifier databases. A purposive sample of 50 faculty authors from Florida Southern College (FSC) and Ryerson University (RU) were compared against five different authority databases: Library of Congress Name Authority File (LCNAF), Scopus, Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID), Virtual International Authority File (VIAF), and International Standard Name Identifier (ISNI). We first analyzed the results locally, then compared them between the two institutions. The findings show that while LCNAF and Scopus results are comparable between the two institutions, the difference in the ORCID, VIAF, and ISNI are considerable. Additionally, the results show that the majority of authors at each institution are represented in two or three external databases. This has implications for enhancing local authority data by linking to external identifier authority data to augment institutional repository metadata.
Violence Domestique dans les Communautés d’Immigrants: Études de Cas
Authors: Chaze Ferzana , Osborne Bethany J. (Bethany Joy) , Medhekar Archana , George Purnima
Published: May 2021

La violence domestique (conjugale) dans les communautés immigrantes: étude de cas» est un recueil de presse d'eCampus Ontario en libre accès comprends des études de cas d'immigrantes victimes de violence conjugale à utiliser comme matériel pédagogique. Le livre met en évidence la complexité de la violence conjugale dans les communautés d'immigrants et les différents processus juridiques auxquels ces femmes font face pour entamer la justice et les défis auxquels elles sont confrontées pour refaire leur vie et celle de leurs enfants. Ce livre contient également des questions de réflexion; une description des processus juridiques dans le contexte de la violence domestique (conjugale) et un lexique relatif aux études de cas.

Translation of:
Domestic Violence in Immigrant Communities: Case Studies
Applying Agile Methodology in Mobile Software Engineering: Android Application Development and its Challenges
Authors: Kaleel Shakira Banu , Harishankar Ssowjanya
Published: May 2021

Applying Agile Methodology in Mobile Software Engineering: Android Application Development and its Challenges
The Psycho-Social and Socio-Cultural Factors of Crystal Methamphetamine Use Among the Gay, Bi and MSM (GBM) Population
Authors: Hui Christian
Published: May 2021

In the United States, men who have sex with men (MSM) remain as the demographic group with the highest HIV incidence rates and account for 53% of new HIV infections in 2006 (Rajasingham, Mimiaga, White, Pinkston, Baden, & Mitty, 2012). One of the reasons accounting for such high rates of HIV transmission between gay, bisexual and MSM (GBM) can be attributed to poly-substance use and the use of crystal methamphetamine (Solomon, Halkitis, Moeller, & Pappas, 2012; Rajasingham et al., 2012). The U.S. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (2007) reported methamphetamine use in the MSM community is of particular concern due to the high prevalence of HIV and the use of the stimulant. Meanwhile, researchers have found methamphetamine use is closely corrleated to sexual risk taking among GBM and such intimate link between risky sexual behaviour and methamphetamine use have led to a possible double epidemic (Halkitis, Green, & Carragher, 2006). In particular, the use of methamphetamine has been found to be correlated to the frequency of unprotected insertive anal intercourse (UIAI) and unprotected receptive anal intercourse (URAI) among HIV positive and persons with unknown serostatus causal partners over time (Halkitis, Mukherjee, & Palamar, 2009). As an effort to better understand this social pheonemon, this paper focuses on the exploration and identification of the psycho-social and socio-cultural factors of crystal methamphetamine use among the GBM population.
Review [untitled]
Authors: Kellogg Paul
Published: May 2021

Online version of a book review, originally published as: Kellogg, Paul. Review: [untitled], On Strike at Hormel: The Struggle for a Democratic Labor Movement by Hardy Green, Labour / Le Travail, Vol. 34, (Fall, 1994), pp. 345-350. Published by: Canadian Committee on Labour History and Athabasca University Press.
Position Equations of a 3RPR Planar Manipulator
Authors: Sahin Sureyya
Published: May 2021

We study parametric equations, which describe the position of an in-parallel planar manipulator. We discuss isometries in the Gauss plane, then we write the loop-closure equations in terms of the rotations as the parameters.
International Issues in Broadband Deployment and Use
Authors: Middleton Catherine A.
Published: May 2021

Slides from a talk given to PhD students at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
Neoliberal restructuring and the third sector: reshaping governance, civil society and local relations
Authors: Evans B.  Mitchell , Shields John
Published: May 2021

[First paragraph of Introduction]: Until recently the discipline of Public Administration, and the Social Sciences more generally, have been remarkably silent about the role of nonprofit organizations in the provision of ‘public services’ and their contribution toward public benefit. In fact, an understanding of the place which nonprofit organizations play within society has been an ignored subject matter; the state of affairs is such that one commentator has tellingly referred to the voluntary realm as the “invisible sector” (Hall 1997: 74).

Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management

Citation:
Bringing a small archival collection to life on the web: remembering the Real Winnie
Authors: Wilson Sally , Morgan Marina
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this poster is to provide insight into the processes involved in creating an interdisciplinary online exhibition focused on a unique chapter of Canadian history from World War I. The exhibition focuses on the Colebourn Family Archive comprising digitized photographs and ephemera of Canadian soldier and veterinarian Harry Colebourn (1887–1947) who purchased a pet bear named Winnie who later became A. A. Milne’s inspiration for the classic Winnie-the-Pooh children's book series
Evaluating the web presence of voluntary sector organizations: an assessment of Canadian web sites
Authors: Cukier Wendy , Middleton Catherine A.
Published: May 2021

In recent years, considerable attention in Canada has been focused on strengthening relationships between the voluntary sector, government and industry. Information technology is an important tool for the sector, but systems are often difficult and costly to purchase and maintain—particularly for small- and medium- sized groups. Unlike e-business and the private sector, little attention has been paid to how the Internet can be used in the voluntary sector. This article addresses three specific research questions: 1) How are national Canadian voluntary sector organizations using Web sites? 2) How well-designed are these Web sites in terms of usability and aesthetics and 3) How can Canadian voluntary organizations improve their Web sites to meet organizational objectives?

Some 184 English language, national Canadian voluntary organizations' Web sites were rated, using a standardized tool to assess organizational objectives and to evaluate functionality, navigation and aesthetics. These sites currently offer limited functionality, and many are not well-designed. The article draws lessons from information technology theory and practice to demonstrate how the functionality and design of voluntary sector Web sites (in Canada and elsewhere) can be improved, to better support organizational objectives and to reduce the “digital divide” between the profit and nonprofit sectors.
Cutting, Driving, Digging, and Harvesting: Re-masculinizing the Working-Class Heroic
Authors: Fleras Augie , Dixon Shane Michael
Published: May 2021

Television portrayals of working-class males in blue-collar jobs have in the past proven unflattering at best, demeaning at worst. But a new breed of unscripted TV shows articulates a fundamentally different narrative about the unsung heroism of working-class men. This article explores the narratives and images associated with the re-masculinization of blue-collared working-class males as real men in contrast to conventional working-class misrepresentations
as persons lacking self control, motivation and commitment. This genre of “macho” male programs constitutes a key ideological tool by which “hegemonic” narratives of conventional masculinity are internalized through the “pleasures of the media.” The authors conclude that, despite the recent valorization of blue-collar values, contributions, and identities, representational distortions and content omissions persist in portraying working class realities.
When I'm Sixty-Four: Beatles Rock Band and the Commodification of Nostalgia
Authors: Hodson Jaigris
Published: May 2021

In 2009, only a few months after the game’s release, the popular trade magazine Advertising Age declared Beatles Rock Band one of America’s hottest brands ("America's hottest brands", 2009). This is quite a feat for a lowly video game, and begs that we consider the reasons for the game’s success as well a the potential social consequences for similar popular games.
There are two major elements at work in the creation of Beatles Rock Band as a successful brand, and this paper conducts an analysis of the game in order to identify both of them. First of all, it explores the Beatles as a brand that continues to provide emotional and spiritual value for consumers, and how the feelings associated with this brand have developed intertextually since the band first gained international popularity in 1962. Secondly, this paper will show how Beatles Rock Band works almost like a documentary game, and in doing so rewrites history in order to capitalize on a white-washed and romanticized ideal of 1960s culture. As such, it will show the ways that the Beatles Rock Band draws on previous commercial texts associated with the Beatles brand to create an hyperreal fiction based on historic people and events.
This paper is divided up into four sections. The first section will provide a theoretical overview of convergence, remediation, and the business of culture, and then will conduct a brief review of the methodology of digital game studies. The second section will look at the specifics of the game, and some of ways that the game has been marketed to the public at large. The third section will provide a description and overview of the Beatles as a brand, and the ways the brand continues to adapt and change over time in order to appeal to a broad and changing audience. Finally, the fourth section will discuss the commoditfication of nostalgia generally, and the specific ways that this game rewrites history to reproduce it as a commodity.
The Impact of Aggregate and Sectoral Fluctuations on Training Decisions
Authors: Caponi Vincenzo , Kayahan Cevat Burc , Plesca Miana
Published: May 2021

The Impact of Aggregate and Sectoral Fluctuations on Training Decisions
Heat! Cooling spaces for high-rise places
Authors: Kapelos George Thomas
Published: May 2021

Each year, at the start of the winter semester, undergraduate and graduate students, faculty and staff, and invited guests come together to take part in the annual Collaborative Exercise (CEx) held at the Department of Architectural Science at Ryerson University. The five-day event challenges students to address an important contemporary issue.

The intention of the exercise is to engage students to collaborate, think and design, while investigating a topic related to architecture and the built environment. Through this experience, students have the opportunity to work with students from other years in the Department’s program, to achieve a common design goal.

The Collaborative Exercise ends with an exhibition at the Paul H. Cocker Gallery in the Ryerson University’s Architecture Building. This book showcases the outcomes of the 2017 Collaborative Exercise, entitled Heat! Cooling spaces for high-rise places.
Inclusive Design, Audio Description, and Diversity of Theatre Experiences
Authors: Whitfield Margot , Fels Deborah
Published: May 2021

The conventional approach to audio description (AD) uses third-person narrative, factual delivery style, post-planning, and third-party delivery, making it incompatible with inclusive design principles and equitable access to sensory stimuli. This paper discusses Clay & Paper Theatre’s alternative AD approach, involving actors, script writers, musicians and directors. With no previous exposure to inclusive design, the creative team developed the design process: script modification, characters and music integration, and sensory tour presentation. Innovative methodology taught actors and directors to think about accessibility from the start of their creative processes. Actors found the inclusive design process useful in developing a better understanding of character roles. Audience members enjoyed the play through the role of music and its link to the narrative and characterization. Clay & Paper Theatre’s alternative AD approach exemplifies social innovation in inclusive theatre design for blind and low vision (B/LV) audiences, with an emphasis on process and service outcomes.
Third Sector Restructuring and the New Contracting Regime: The Case of Immigrant Serving Agencies in Ontario
Authors: Richmond Ted , Shields John
Published: May 2021

Many are aware of declining capacity in the NGO sector with respect to advocacy and community development, but to date there has been relatively little analysis of the causes and consequences of this alarming trend. As this paper will demonstrate, however, much more is at work in the service providing sector than simple “overload” due to expansion of service demands beyond available funding.
We will document and analyse the ways that the NGO service sector in Canada, and with Ontario based immigrant serving agencies in particular, are being deliberately restructured through the shift from “core” to “program” funding, the de legitimization of community development work as a fundable service, and the imposition of complex and burdensome accountability schemes disguised as evaluation measures. We will also examine the consequences of this restructuring in terms of growing monopolisation within the sector and the consequent reduction of diversity of service alternatives, as well as reduced capacity for public education and community development.
The paper will explore the paradox inherent in the fact that such restructuring is being imposed without public debate in the name of the public good, and propose potential solutions related to this crucial issue of Canadian public policy. As essential background to the analysis we will provide an overview of the growing and changing role of the “third sector” as the preferred delivery agent for human services within a downsized and globalized economy.
Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series, TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management
ORCID: Using API Calls to Assess Metadata Completeness
Authors: Eichenlaub Naomi , Morgan Marina
Published: May 2021

The aim of this poster is to demonstrate the importance of adequate metadata in ORCID
profiles to ensure name disambiguation. It is only through more complete metadata that ORCID
will ensure success in terms of interoperability with institutional scholarly, publishing and
funding bodies.
A Tale of Two Systems: Success and Failure in a Single Information System Implementation
Authors: Middleton Catherine A.
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a case study of an information system implementation. The system, a computerized student record system, was introduced into a small university when the university opened. Unlike many other case studies of systems implementation, there was no existing system to replace, thus it was expected that there would be little resistance to the system. Successful implementation was anticipated, particularly as the systems designers were also the primary users. An evaluation of the system shows this was not the case. Two groups of users are identified, one pleased with the system, the other dissatisfied. The secondary users did not display their dissatisfaction with the system by resistance, however. They used the system frequently, but were denied the full access they required to do their jobs. Ostensibly due to technical limitations of the system, the primary users acted as gatekeepers. An examination of the culture and management structure of the university reveals strong political motivations for the primary users to exert power over the secondary users. Markus’s (1983) interpretation of interaction theory is used to discuss the political implications of the system design. It is concluded that senior management must be aware of the importance of information systems to their organizations, and understand the potential for designers to use these systems as sources of power.
The case study is reconstructed from the author’s experiences as a staff member at the university during the system implementation, initially as a primary user of the system (but not an active member of the system design team), and later as a secondary user. The case is evaluated from the perspective of both user groups, using a framework derived from the literature on information systems failure and successful systems implementation.
Getting to 8,000 : building a healthier rental market for the Toronto Area
Authors: Cohrs Andrew , German Michelle , Haines Graham
Published: May 2021

This report finds that a combination of high land values, investor demand for condos, and unequal development financing have resulted in developers favouring condominium construction over purpose-built rental units. It makes several policy recommendations to improve rental housing supply in the Toronto Area.
Using Teachers’ Volunteer Experiences in the Dominican Republic to Develop Social Responsibility in Canadian Middle-School Students: An ‘Authors in the Classroom’ Approach
Authors: Bernhard Judith K. , Evans Lisa , Marmolejo Yohannys , Cosentino Teresa
Published: May 2021

This study
evaluated the potential utility of teachers’ volunteer service-learning
experiences abroad to change the perceptions and actions of North American
students toward cultural others. A team
of Canadian teachers working with local children in the Dominican Republic used
the literacy intervention Authors in the Classroom program to guide these
children in authoring identity texts about themselves and their families. These multi-layered texts are discussed with
emphasis on the children’s understanding of their social situation. The teachers later shared these texts with a
group of Canadian Grade 8 students and had them produce their own texts. The Canadian students showed a range of depth
in their understanding of the lives of impoverished children, as well as a
range of responses toward action for social justice.
On Adenauer, Hegel, and - Migration : (or, How to Interpret Europe's "Crisis")
Authors: Harald Bauder
Published: May 2021

Germany expects to receive more than 1 million refugees in 2015. While international commentators have admired Chancellor Merkel’s response to this “crisis,” the situation is complex and the German government’s actions and Merkel’s own statements reflect multiple perspectives. In this working paper, I draw on a philosophical tradition dating back to the German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel to interpret the political debate of immigration and Germany’s response to the recent migrant crisis.
Introducing CGE Models to the Classroom Using EXCEL
Authors: Peng Amy
Published: May 2021

Introducing CGE Models to the Classroom Using EXCEL
An examination of current patient education interventions delivered to culturally diverse patients following CABG surgery.
Authors: Fredericks Suzanne , Sidani Souraya , Vahabi Mandana , Micevski V.
Published: May 2021

The design of current educational initiatives for heart surgery patients is based on feedback from individuals of Western European origin. The relevance of these initiatives is unknown when provided to individuals from non-Western European cultures. This study examined the cultural relevance of heart surgery patient educational initiatives delivered to individuals of diverse backgrounds. It used a non-experimental descriptive design involving 252 participants. Cultural relevance was assessed through self-care behaviours performed as recommended in the educational initiative. The participants of non-Western European origin were found to engage in more work-related activities and fewer self-care behaviours than their Western European counterparts in the first week following hospital discharge, indicating lack of adherence to educational recommendations. The study provides preliminary evidence suggesting that current self-care educational initiatives may not be culturally relevant. Continued evaluation to determine reasons why specific cultural groups engage in specific types of behaviour is needed.
The Evolution of the Conditional Joint Distribution of Life Expectancy and Per Capita Income Growth
Authors: Stengos Thanasis , Thompson Brennan Scott , Wu Ximing
Published: May 2021

In this paper we investigate the joint conditional distribution of health (life expectancy) and income growth and its evolution overtime. The conditional distributions of these two variables are obtained by applying nonparametric methods to a bivariate nonparametric regression system of equations. Analyzing the distributions of the non-parametric fitted values from these models we find strong evidence of movement over time and strong evidence of first-order stochastic dominance of the earlier years over the later ones. We also find strong evidence of second-order stochastic dominance by non-OECD countries over OECD countries in each period. Our results complement the findings of Wu, Savvides and Stengos (2008) who explored the unconditional behaviour of these joint distributions over time.
JELCode: 01; 015; 057

Keywords: Income; Health; Global Distribution; Inequality; Poverty
All-fiber passively mode-locked femtosecond fiber lasers
Authors: Zhou Jiaqi
Published: May 2021

This dissertation presents three all-fiber designs of passively mode-locked lasers in order to achieve high pulse energy, environmentally-stable dissipative soliton (DS) operation in all-normal-dispersion cavities. A numerical model for DS mode-locked fiber lasers based on the nonlinear Schrodinger equation has been used to guide the experimental designs.
Firstly, an environmentally-stable and ultra-compact SESAM mode-locked fiber laser is demonstrated. The all-fiber design is realized using a mode-field-adaptor (MFA) to couple light onto the SESAM. A polarization-maintaining fiber loop mirror serves multiple functions as a highly reflective mirror, an output coupler and polarization selector. Self-starting and stable DS mode-locking operation is achieved with 1.7 nJ pulse energy and a 22 ps pulse width. Secondly, an ultra-stable DS mode-locking was demonstrated in a long cavity ring laser with a nonlinear amplified loop mirror (NALM) as a mode-locking device. The output pulses of 32 nJ, 615 fs de-chirped pulse width were obtained with the Raman signal suppressed below -20 dB in a 81 m long cavity. The mode-locking is self-starting and the mode-locked pulse train shows excellent stability. Thirdly, the mode-laser cavity was extended with a piece of large-mode-area (LMA) fiber with a low dispersion to further scaling up the pulse energy to 56.8 nJ. The laser pulses were compressed to 750 fs by a pair of volume gratings.
In the processing of scaling-up the pulse energy of the NALM mode-locked fiber laser, some interesting physical phenomena were observed, such as the operation regime transition from noise-like to DS with a sudden reduction of Raman signal and a unique waves-splitting with a stable temporal spacing. The phenomena were studied and explained in this dissertation.
In addition to the mode-locked fiber laser, a CW and a Q-switched fiber lasers were also designed with a single-mode- multimode- single-mode (SMS) filter as an effective mean of overcoming nonlinear effects. The transmission spectral property of the SMS was studied which fits well with theoretical calculation. One high efficiency SMS CW fiber lasers and one SMS Q-switched fiber laser were designed which showed the effectiveness of the SMS filter for inhibiting the SRS and significantly reducing SPM.
Intergenerational Transmission of Abilities and Self Selection of Mexican Immigrants
Authors: Caponi Vincenzo
Published: May 2021

Building on Borjas (1993) I develop an intergenerational model of self-selection of migration and education that allows for a more complex selection mechanism. In particular, it allows for the possibility that immigrants are selected differently depending on the schooling level they choose. As in Mayer (2005) I assume that agents are endowed with two abilities and use the intergenerational structure of the model to infer potential earnings of a person for different levels of education and in different countries. This makes it possible to quantify the ability or self selection bias of estimates of the return to education and migration. The model is estimated using data on Mexicans in the US from the CPS and on Mexicans residents in Mexico from the Mexican census. The findings are that there is a significant loss of human capital faced by immigrants that is not transmitted to their children. While immigrants are observed to earn less because they find it difficult to adapt their skills to the host country, their children earn more because they can inherit all the abilities of their parents, including that part that could not be used for producing earnings. Moreover, Mayer (2005) proves that the positive correlation between the two abilities creates a positive correlation between parentsÕ earnings and the probability that children attend college. In this paper, I find that this result is reinforced for migrants when they care about their children. In the case of immigrants, parents with larger amounts of intellectual ability tend to migrate more and tend to choose to remain high school educated. However, they migrate with the expectation of their children becoming college educated. Therefore, measures that rely on the earnings performance and educational attainment of immigrants underestimate the amount of human capital they bring into the host country.
Post-Secondary Education in Canada: Can Ability Bias Explain the Earnings Gap Between College and University Graduates?
Authors: Caponi Vincenzo , Plesca Miana
Published: May 2021

Post-Secondary Education in Canada: Can Ability Bias Explain the Earnings Gap Between College and University Graduates?
A Picturesque Photographic Tour Through Scotland
Authors: Knazook Elizabeth
Published: May 2021

In the autumn of 1844, William Henry Fox Talbot
traveled to Scotland to photograph abbey ruins,
Gothic-style monuments, rivers, and rolling landscapes, using his newly patented calotype photographic
process. The following summer, he printed twenty-three
of the images in a book entitled Sun Pictures in Scotland, produced with salted paper prints from the calotype negatives. A gentleman scientist with a Cambridge
education, Talbot was well-versed in the “picturesque”
aesthetic that frequently informed landscape imagery,
and the photographs in Sun Pictures demonstrate his understanding of picturesque composition. He directed the
book on subscription to a wealthy, upper class audience,
confident that it reflected an artistic sensibility shared by himself and his readers. Yet, while Sun Pictures was generally well-received, little evidence exists to indicate the
critical reception this small selction of picturesque scenes
received from its contemporary audience. Furthermore,
by omitting any narrative text from the book, Talbot
himself left few indications of what he hoped would be
understood from his work.
Outsourcing versus technology transfer: Hotelling meets Stackelberg
Authors: Pierce Andrea , Sen Debapriya
Published: May 2021

This paper considers a Hotelling duopoly with two firms A and B in the final good market. Both A and B can produce the required intermediate good, firm B having a lower cost due to a superior technology. We compare two contracts: outsourcing (A orders the intermediate good from B) and technology transfer (B transfers its technology to A). First we show that an outsourcing order acts as a credible commitment on part of A to maintain a certain market share in the final good market. This generates an indirect Stackelberg leadership effect, which is absent in a technology transfer contract. We show that compared to the situation of no contracts, there are always Pareto improving outsourcing contracts but no Pareto improving technology transfer contracts. Finally, it is shown that whenever both firms prefer one of the two contracts, all consumers prefer the other contract.
Quantifying an Organisation's Human Factors Capability: Targeting World Class Integration
Authors: Greig Michael , Neumann Patrick
Published: May 2021

Many methods track company performance and process integration for quality, productivity, environment and safety. Similar methods do not exist for human factors (HF) even though it has impact on these outcomes. Without a HF specific assessment method it is impossible for managers to know if they are achieving 'world class' HF integration. An assessment tool is under development to address this need. The tool assesses the capability of each functional unit in an organization to manage HF aspects in their processes. This includes organizational strategy, design, maintenance, operations, logistics, marketing, and human resources, among others. For each department, the presence of HF aspects including indicators, process flows, and methods are evaluated. The maturity level of HF integration for each is rated in five classifications, conceptually similar to the Baldridge criteria, to reflect its level of 'world class'. The tool is non-prescriptive as it recognises the validity of different integration approaches. Progression to world class means HF works proactively becoming part of the organization's culture. With this tool companies can evaluate their ability to benefit from HF integration on an ongoing basis. It also provides a quantitative method for research and to benchmark macroergonomic capability in other organizations.
Community service programs in Toronto's secondary schools
Authors: Meinhard Agnes G. , Foster Mary K.
Published: May 2021

[Paragraph 1 of Introduction]: Significant shifts have been taking place in Canada’s social philosophy in the last decade or so which are having a major impact on the voluntary sector (McBride and Shields, 1997). These changes in Canada involve decreasing government participation in the provision of the social welfare net that Canadians are used to. At the same time, economic constraints are changing the nature of the partnership between government and the voluntary sector. During the post-war decades there was close cooperation between governments and the voluntary sector, with many government programs encouraging the growth of the sector through the provision of grants; today the government is down loading social services and forcing the sector to seek their funding elsewhere, while encouraging greater reliance on volunteering to provide for social services.

Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management

Citation:
Home improvement television: Holmes on Homes Makes It Right
Authors: Bruce Jean
Published: May 2021

Holmes on Homes is a Canadian home improvement television program and the centrepiece of HGTV (Home and Garden Television), featuring Mike Holmes as the series’ star contractor and host. This paper argues that by looking back at earlier incarnations of film and television melodrama, we can determine the way in which Holmes on Homes reinvents the home improvement subgenre. By playing out reality TV’s central tension between fiction and non-fiction, Holmes on Homes reveals its larger themes of justice and redemption, which befit its unique position between the documentary and the classic melodrama.
Is your library website enough?
Authors: Banerjee Sanjoy , McCarthy Graham , Wilson Sally
Published: May 2021

Increasingly students and researchers are accessing and using information in a wide variety of settings on an array of different devices. Libraries need to adapt and re-purpose their data and information so that it can be used by patrons where, when and how they want to use it. To meet this need the Ryerson Library has initiated several projects to expand access to its resources beyond the traditional confines of the building and the website. 