bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O Sofrimento Invisível nas Organizações antes e depois da Pandemia
Authors: Lima Raqueline de Albuquerque , Marques Eliane Regina
Published: January 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a invisibilidade do sofrimento psíquico dentro das organizações antes e depois da pandemia do novo coronavírus. Ainda existem muitos paradigmas e preconceitos que envolvem esse tema e, por esse motivo, não se tem uma valorização desse cuidado tão essencial. Neste artigo, será contextualizada a saúde integral dentro das organizações e conceituados os principais transtornos emocionais apresentados pelos indivíduos inseridos nas instituições, sendo eles: a depressão, o estresse e a ansiedade. Identificando a contribuição do mundo capitalista para o aumento desses transtornos. Será abordado também como o papel das lideranças e a gestão de pessoas eficaz pode contribuir para um ambiente de trabalho favorável. Será realizada uma correlação de como as estruturas de caráter definidas por Alexander Lowen podem interferir na resposta aos gatilhos disparados pelas relações de trabalho e de que forma a Análise Bioenergética pode contribuir para uma melhor qualidade de vida no trabalho. Por fim, será feita uma análise de como os transtornos psicológicos eram tratados antes da pandemia, como eles se manifestaram durante esse evento e quais serão as possibilidades para o cuidado com essa questão depois de superado esse momento de tensão extrema.
Development of smart core–shell nanoparticles-based sensors for diagnostics of salivary alpha-amylase in biomedical and forensics
Authors: Kaliaperumal Kumaravel , Subramanian Kumaran , Seenivasan Akshara , David Renitta , Mahadevan Indumathi , Alotaibi Nahaa Miqad , Alotaibi Modhi Obaidan , Alshammari Nawaf , Saeed Mohd
Published: January 2024

Smart biocompatible materials that respond to a variety of external stimuli have a lot of potential in the creation of low-cost diagnostic biosensors. The present work describes the creation of core–shell nanoparticles as a biosensor for smart enzyme detection of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA). A chitosan-tripolyphosphate core was generated via ionic gelation and was coated with a starch–iodine shell to create biocompatible core–shell nanoparticles. The starch–iodine shell was ruptured in the presence of certain amounts of amylase, exposing the core. This application explains a noticeable color change from blue to white that can be used to identify sAA at the point of care. Synthesized nanoparticles were examined for scanning electron microscopy analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). An EDX report reveals that the nanoparticles have higher carbon content at 55% followed by an oxygen atom of 35%. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis revealed that the core–shell nanoparticles have carbonyl (C═O) functional groups present. A confirmatory test of amylase reaction on nanoparticle-impregnated paper turns blue to white indicating that the nanoparticle reacts with amylase as an indicator. This paper-based method can be used in future applications in forensic and medical applications.
A Reflection on and a Conversation about History, Memory, and Education at the Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial
Authors: Etges Andreas
Published: January 2024

Dachau concentration camp was set up in March 1933. During the twelve years of its existence, more than 200,000 prisoners from over 40 nations were imprisoned here and in its sub-camps. At least 41,500 people died there from hunger, disease, torture, murder, and the consequences of their imprisonment. In her introduction, Kerstin Schwenke describes the history of the camp and the memorial site. The head of the Education Department at the Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial also explains the educational approach used there. This is followed by a discussion with her and other members of the Education Department as well as U.S. public historian Marty Blatt on the educational work, graphic novels as well as politics of remembrance.
Improved tensile properties of Al2O3/Al composite with in-situ generated Al2O3
Authors: Shi Wenchao , Cui Beishun , Tang Min , Gong Dongmei , Xu Feng
Published: January 2024

In order to obtain a Al2O3/Al composite with high strength, the Al2O3 generated in situ is served as reinforcement. The ball milling is used to flake pure Al powders. The Al2O3/Al composite with flaked Al powders is obtained by vacuum hot pressing sintering. The effect of the flaked Al powders on the distribution of Al2O3 generated in situ is studied. The hardness and tensile properties of Al2O3/Al composite are studied. The results show that the dehydration temperatures of boric acid in powder mixtures with the flaked Al powders and with the spherical Al powders are 119 °C and 128 °C, respectively. During sintering stage, the Al2O3 is generated in situ. Compared with the Al2O3/Al composites with the spherical Al powders, more Al2O3 are generated in Al2O3/Al composites with the flaked Al powders. The hardness and ultimate tensile strength of Al2O3/Al composite are higher than those of pure Al alloy.
All dielectric metasurface based diffractive neural networks for 1-bit adder
Authors: Liu Yufei , Chen Weizhu , Wang Xinke , Zhang Yan
Published: January 2024

Diffractive deep neural networks (D

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NNs) have brought significant changes in many fields, motivating the development of diverse optical computing components. However, a crucial downside in the optical computing components is employing diffractive optical elements (DOEs) which were fabricated using commercial 3D printers. DOEs simultaneously suffer from the challenges posed by high-order diffraction and low spatial utilization since the size of individual neuron is comparable to the wavelength scale. Here, we present a design of D

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NNs based on all-dielectric metasurfaces which substantially reduces the individual neuron size of net to scale significantly smaller than the wavelength. Metasurface-based optical computational elements can offer higher spatial neuron density while completely eliminate high-order diffraction. We numerically simulated an optical half-adder and experimentally verified it in the terahertz frequency. The optical half-adder employed a compact network with only two diffraction layers. Each layer has a size of 2 × 2 cm2 but integrated staggering 40,000 neurons. The metasurface-based D

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NNs can further facilitate miniaturization and integration of all optical computing devices and will find applications in numerous fields such as terahertz 6G communication, photonics integrated circuits, and intelligent sensors.
Malnutrition in hospitalized children
Authors: Samanci Serhat , Akdeniz Osman
Published: January 2024

Objective: Our study aimed to determine the prevalence and grade of malnutrition in patients hospitalized for various indications and to examine its relationship with comorbidities and socio-demographic factors.
Materials and Methods: This study enrolled children aged 1 month to 15 years old with a median age (Q25; Q75) of 1.8 (1.27–3.47) years, admitted to our hospital with various diagnoses between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2019. Our study included 498 patients, 286 (57.4%) of which were male and 212 (42.6%) were female.
Results: Of all patients, 40 (19.7%) with a median age of 2.25 (1.27–3.48) years had a weight z-score of less than –2SD. Of our patients, 47.2% (n=235) had malnutrition sensu the Waterlow classification. There were significant differences between the groups in socioeconomic level and C-reactive protein (CRP) content.
Conclusion: Malnutrition is associated with a low socioeconomic status. It plays an important role in hospitalizations with various diagnoses.
Automated map of reproductive losses in the Far North region of Russia
Authors: Pavlov Yaroslav N. , Savvina Nadezhda V.
Published: January 2024

Objective: to compile an automated map of reproductive losses in the Far North regions of Russia.
Material and methods: This article includes statistical analysis of the prevalence and structure of reproductive losses according to the worldwide, Russian, and regional statistics. After describing the general structure of a neural network with a radial basis and a model of a radial neuron, we proceeded to characterization of the error backpropagation algorithm. Hence, our study was based on the normal deviation function.
Results. The article substantiates the problem of reproductive losses of the Russian population. On the basis of statistical data, the listing of a neural network program for an interactive map of reproductive losses in the Far North regions of the Russian Federation was built. The obtained data made it possible to identify risk zones in the region. Comparison of indicators for 2000 and 2022 helped revealing the dynamics of change and reporting valid information on the overall increase in the risk of reproductive losses in the region by 17%.
Conclusion. We proposed to conduct monitoring of reproductive loss indicators in the regions of the Russian Federation on the basis of a neural information map construction. The compiled map is an interactive map with an assessment of reproductive loss dynamics over the years.
The nature of changes in cell renewal and apoptosis of gingival epithelium in postmenopausal patients with chronic generalized periodontitis
Authors: Ismailova Oksana A. , Eremina Natalya V. , Strukov Villory I. , Vikhrev Denis V.
Published: January 2024

Objective: to identify the nature of proliferation and apoptosis process disorders in the gingival epithelium in postmenopausal women with varying degrees of bone mineralization for early diagnosis and optimization of combination therapy.
Materials and Methods. We examined 80 women aged 55–60 years with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) and reduced bone mineral density (BMD). All patients underwent a standard dental examination, including an index assessment of periodontal tissues. BMD was quantified via a densitometric analysis of the bone tissue condition. The investigation of periodontal epithelial cell renewal was performed using immunohistochemical studies.
Results. We discovered that in postmenopausal patients with CGP and BMD disorders, there was a reduction in the proliferation of gingival epithelial cells with activation of their apoptosis (Iapt=0.73±0.03%, Iki-67=11.77±0.27%) vs. the patients with intact periodontium (Iapt 0.29±0.04%, Iki-67=9.88±0.09%), p=0.04.
Conclusion. We discovered that CGP in postmenopausal women occurs with enlarged activity of apoptosis of gingival epithelial cells against the background of their reduced proliferation. The activity of inflammatory destructive processes in periodontal tissues is higher in patients with osteopenia vs. those without BMD impairment.
Using orthobiologics products in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Gorbatenko Andrei I. , Kostyanaya Natalia O. , Malanin Dmitry A. , Sikilinda Vladimir D. , Demeshchenko Maxim V. , Suchilin Ilya A. , Kondrashenko Vladimir V.
Published: January 2024

Objective: comparison of the treatment effectiveness in patients with grades II or III knee osteoarthritis using autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) infused intraosseously into the area of overload bone marrow edema.
Materials and Methods. The prospective study was conducted on the basis of two medical clinics from 2016 to 2019. It involved 40 patients with grades II–III knee osteoarthritis. The patients of the treatment group underwent a single intraosseous infusion of BMAC, whereas patients in the comparison group were subjected to a single intraosseous PRP infusion. The results were assessed after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months using visual analog scale (VAS), Lequesne index for knee osteoarthritis, WOMAC osteoarthritis index, and verbal rating scale (VRS).
Results. After 12 months, there was a reduction in the VAS index to 3.9±0.3 points in the treatment group and 4.2±0.1 points in the control group. Similar decrease was observed for Lequesne index for knee osteoarthritis (to 5.8±0.7 points in the treatment group and to 6.1±0.8 points in the control group) and WOMAC osteoarthritis index (to 40.6±0.3 points in the treatment group and to 42.5±0.6 points in the control group). The VRS scores after 3 and 6 months were better in the treatment group (subjected to autologous BMAC), while after 12 months, the differences between the groups were not significant.
Conclusion. Use of orthobiologics products for osteoarthritis treatment was effective, with higher efficacy of intraosseous BMAC infusion vs. PRP infusion in terms of pain, knee functionality, physical activity, and patient satisfaction over the entire monitoring period. Both treatment methods were safe.
Changes in the parameters of pro-oxidant–antioxidant balance in the brain of rats with stepwise incomplete cerebral ischemia
Authors: Bon Elizaveta I. , Maksimovich Natalia Ye. , Dremza Iosif K. , Kokhan Nikita V. , Burak Iya N.
Published: January 2024

Objective: to evaluate the activity of oxidative stress in rats with stepwise incomplete cerebral ischemia (SICI).
Material and methods. Experiments were performed on 24 male outbred rats weighing 260±20 g, allocated into 3 subgroups (6 animals in each) based on time of ligation of both common carotid arteries (CCA). The control group comprised of sham-operated rats of the same sex and similar weights (n=6). To identify the pro-oxidant–antioxidant state of the brain based on its homogenates, the activity of lipid peroxidation processes, the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiol groups (TSH), and the activity of glutathione peroxidase were determined.
Results. SICI with ligation interval of both CCAs of 1 day and 3 days led to a significant decrease in the total SH groups of proteins and glutathione by 30% (p=0.038) and 46% (p=0.044), respectively, TBARS concentration by 29% (p=0.038) and 31% (p=0.043), respectively. SICI with the maximum interval between CCA ligations was manifested by less pronounced changes in the pro-oxidant–antioxidant state of the brain.
Conclusion. In SICI with ligation of both CCAs 7 days apart, at which histological changes were the least pronounced, changes in the pro-oxidant–antioxidant balance were insignificant. The most pronounced disorders of the pro-oxidant–antioxidant balance in the brain were observed in the subgroup with the minimum interval between CCA ligations, which implied the highest activity of oxidative stress.
Comparison of sensory fusion recovery in different types programming of liquid crystal glasses
Authors: Aznauryan Igor E. , Shpak Alexander A. , Balasanyan Victoria O. , Agagulyan Satenik G.
Published: January 2024

Objective: to compare the effectiveness of new method of sensory fusion recovery in patients with personalized adjustment of the frequency of alternation of liquid crystal glasses (LCG) compared with the empirical selection of the frequency of alternation. Material and methods. The study included 39 patients with concomitant convergent strabismus with orthotropy and no sensory fusion after surgical treatment of strabismus, who were prescribed LCG. The glasses were programmed empirically at 2 Hz in 21 patients (empiric group), in 18 patients — using the developed formula for calculating the frequency of alternation of LCG (calculated group). The compared groups did not differ in gender, age, visual acuity, and other characteristics. Results. Recovery of sensory fusion occurred more often with LCG in calculated group (16 patients, 88.9%) than in empiric group (9 patients, 42.9%), the difference is highly reliable (p=0.001). Conclusions. Anew method for personalized selection of the frequency of alternating LCG using video oculography is more efficient than empirical programming for sensory fusion restoration in children after surgery for concomitant convergent strabismus.
Reasons for patients dissatisfaction with the results of primary knee replacement (review)
Authors: Demin Alexandr S. , Sereda Andrey P. , Parfeev Dmitriy  G. , Avdeev Alexandr  I. , Dzhavadov Alisagib A. , Krolyak Dmitriy  I. , Horak Konstantin  I. , Yagfarov Ramil’ S. , Sulimov Eduard D.
Published: January 2024

Objective: based on world literature data, to determine the main reasons for patient dissatisfaction with the results of primary knee arthroplasty, and also to propose ways to solve them to increase the level of patient satis¬faction with the results of surgical treatment. Review writing methodology. A search for scientific papers on the subject understudy was carried out in the PubMed and eLibrary databases from 1997 to 2022 using the keywords: "knee-joint", "knee arthroplasty", "gonarthrosis", "epidemiology", "satisfaction", "evaluation methods", "awareness", "forecasting techniques", "results". Full text papers on epidemiology, patient dissatisfaction, and methods for assessing the results of primary knee arthroplasty were analyzed. Conclusion. The main reason for patient dissatisfaction with the results of primary knee arthroplasty is their unfulfilled expectations due to lack of information about the upcoming operation.
Posterolateral musculo-fascial approach to the lumbar spine intervertebral discs: Anatomical study
Authors: Godanyuk Denis  S. , Gulyaev Dmitriy  A. , Korepanov Ilya  I. , Kurnosov Ivan  A. , Chizhova Kseniya A. , Samochernykh Nikita K. , Efimov Maxim M.
Published: January 2024

Objective: assess an anatomical and topographic parameter of the wound channel formed when using the posterolateral muscular-fascial approach to determine the possibility of its clinical use for performing decompres-sive-stabilizing surgical interventions. Material and methods: on the material of 20 cadavers of both sexes with different body mass index (mean 25.1 ±2.9) aged 54 to 76 years (median 67.5 years), who died from diseases not associated with the pathology of the spine, was modeled the posterolateral muscular-fascial approach to the lumbar spine. During the research were studied wound length, wound depth, wound depth index, access zone and the angle of intersection of the wound edges and the surface of surgical instruments. Results: the average length of the surgical wound during the lateral muscular-fascial approach was 149.75±6.35 mm. The average wound depth was 116.75±8.85 mm. The average value of the index of the depth of the surgical wound with interfascial access is 77.96±5.04. The average area of the intervertebral disc available for removal was 71.2±2.8%. The length of the aperture in the fibrous ring averages 15.8±0.78 mm. The average value of the angle of intersection of the wound edge and the pedicle screw implantation trajectory was 3.15±1.25. Conclusion: the assessment of the anatomical and topographic parameters of the wound channel formed during the posterolateral muscular-fascial approach allows us to conclude that this surgical approach can be used to improve the functional outcomes of decompressive and stabilizing interventions in the lumbar spine.
Sequence gene variants in PPARGC1A rs8192678, PPARG2 rs1801282, FTO rs9939609, LEP rs7799039, LEPR rs1137101 and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Pankova Ekaterina D. , Chulkov Vasiliy S. , Gavrilova Elena  S. , Zotova Maria  A. , Sumerkina Veronika A. , Zhmaylova Svetlana  V. , Okonenko Tatiana I.
Published: January 2024

Objective: to evaluate the association of sequence variants PPARGC1A rs8192678, PPARG2 rs1801282, FTO rs9939609, LEP rs7799039, LEPR rs1137101 with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nAFLD) at young adults in Russian population. Material and methods. The case-control study included 100 patients divided into two groups: group 1 (cases) — with nAFLD (n=50); group 2 (controls) without nAFLD (n=50). All subjects underwent a standard ultrasound examination of the liver and ultrasound shear wave elastography (Aixplorer, France) with an assessment of the severity of liver steatosis and fibrosis. Results. We found two sequence variants associated with an increased risk of nAFLD in women: rs9939609 and rs7799039: A/A rs9939609 genotype (OR 5,33; 95% Cl 1,14-24,90; p=0,041) and G/G genotype rs7799039 (OR 7,5; 95% Cl 1,04-54,12; p=0,026). Conclusion. The A/A genotype ofthe rs9939609 gene in young women in the Russian population increased the chance of having nAFLD by 5 times, the G/G genotype ofthe rs7799039 gene increased the chance of having nAFLD by 7.5 times.
Modern trends of provision of the specialized medical care to children with chronic viral hepatitis В, С and D (review)
Authors: Danilova Tuyaara G. , Golderova Aytalina S.
Published: January 2024

Objective: to present an analysis of the data presented at the present stage in the scientific specialized literature on the main trends in the provision of specialized medical care to children with chronic viral hepatitis В, С and D. Review writing methodology. The study was based on publications in the databases PubMed/Medline, eLibrary under the keywords: "chronic viral hepatitis", "hepatitis B", "hepatitis C", "hepatitis D", "treatment of chronic hepatitis in children", published during the period from 2012 to 2023. We additionally studied international acts and the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation regarding the provision of specialized medical care to the child population with chronic viral hepatitis (total number of sources — 41). Conclusion. At present, the main approach in providing specialized medical care to children with chronic viral hepatitis is the appointment of etiotropic therapy with the possible delayed prescription of specialized drugs in order to reduce the risk of their side effects. Research is being actively carried out on the development of new pharmacotherapeutic agents that are effective against this group of infectious diseases, as well as the possibilities of preventing infection in infants through early diagnosis and treatment of pregnant women.
Impact of patient adherence on the efficacy of penetrating keratoplasty
Authors: Svetozarsky Sergey N. , Abaeva Olga P. , Romanov Sergey V.
Published: January 2024

Objective: to determine the relationship between adherence to treatment in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) and corneal graft survival over a 12-month follow-up period. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 56 patients who underwent "high risk" PKP was performed. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to their compliance. The full compliance group included those with more than 90% of visits within the first year after the intervention; the poor compliance group included those with more than 10% of missed visits. Results. The high adherence group was characterised by a higher proportion of women (p=0.033), a mean 7 years younger age of the patients (p=0.021) and a predominance of higher education (p=0.014). One year after PKP, patients with complete compliance (74%) were more likely to have a favourable outcome than those with incomplete compliance (48%) (p=0.046). The calculation of the odds ratio (OR 3.52; Cl: 1.1362-10.88; p=0.045) indicated a statistically significant role of treatment adherence as a factor in keratoplasty efficacy. The high compliance group had a visual acuity gain of 2 lines at 12 months (p=0.003). Conclusion. Compliance after corneal transplantation has a significant impact on graft survival and clinical outcome. The development and implementation of a set of measures to increase adherence could significantly improve the safety and efficacy of this high-tech treatment for patients with disabling corneal pathology.
100th anniversary at the Department of Public Health and Health Care (with the Courses of Science of Law and History of Medicine) Saratov State Medical University n. a. V. I. Razumovsky
Authors: Yerugina Marina V. , Petrov Vyacheslav V. , Zavyalov Arkady  I. , Ishchenko Yuri V. , Dolgova Elena M. , Abyzova Natalia V.
Published: January 2024

The article is dedicated to the anniversary of the Department of Public Health and Health (with courses in law and the history of medicine). The presented historical review made it possible to identify the practical and theoretical contribution of the department staff to its organization and development, to reflect the main stages of the formation of work aimed at training doctors — health organizers and health education among residents of the region. New data have been put into circulation, which previously remained outside the framework of scientific research and literature. The source study base of the article was the works written in the first quarter of the last century by prominent figures of regional health G.A. Lapidus and K.A. Konovalov, as well as collections of articles published in honor of the 40th anniversary and 50th anniversary of the October events of 1917. All this, along with the use of modern literature and the latest publications, made it possible to systematize and summarize the data obtained, writing a historical review on their basis.
Endocannabinoid regulation in the cervix during pregnancy: insights into molecular mechanisms of premature labor
Authors: Marvaldi Carolina , Herrero Felisa , Johnson Clare , Aylen Schander Julieta , Correa Fernando , Cella Maximiliano , Aisemberg Julieta , Franchi Ana María , Bradshaw Heather , Wolfson Manuel Luis
Published: January 2024

In brief

The cervix plays a crucial role not only in the maintenance of pregnancy but also during delivery, when it undergoes extensive changes. This study highlights the involvement of the endocannabinoidome in cervical remodeling, emphasizing its relevance in the shift from a nonpregnant to pregnant state and its potential contribution to preterm delivery in inflammatory contexts.

During pregnancy, the main role of the cervix is to isolate the fetus from outside pathogens and maintain the relatively closed system of uterine gestation. Conversely, toward the end of pregnancy, the cervix must be remodeled to increase flexibility and allow the delivery. This process is called cervical remodeling and dysregulation of the process plays a role in premature delivery. The endocannabinoidome plays an important role in several reproductive events; however, its function on cervical tissue throughout pregnancy is poorly understood. The goal of this study was to evaluate the presence and participation of the endocannabinoidome in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cervical changes. Therefore, we evaluated key components of the endocannabinoidome in cervical tissue from nonpregnant mice and pregnant mice with and without LPS treatment. Using mass spectrometric analysis, we found an increase in anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in the cervix of pregnant mice when compared to nonpregnant mice. We have also found a reduction in FAAH protein expression in these tissues. Furthermore, when treated with LPS, we observed a reduction in the cervical immunostaining with anti-CB1 and anti-CB2 antibodies. Likewise, using cervix explants from pregnant mice, we found that LPS significantly increased cervical metalloprotease activity and cyclooxygenase 2, which were subsequently modulated by cannabinoid receptor antagonists. Collectively, our findings suggest that an LPS-induced imbalance of cervix endocannabinoidome likely contributes to premature cervical remodeling, which is part of the key components that contribute to premature delivery.
Bilingual Teacher Residencies in California: Findings and Recommendations for Policy and Practice
Authors: Armas Elvira , Lavadenz Magaly
Published: January 2024

This research brief presents a study that explores one type of teacher residency program, bilingual teacher residencies (BTRs). The Center for Equity for English Learners at Loyola Marymount University (LMU CEEL) partnered with the Californians Dedication to Education Foundation (CDEF) to investigate BTRs participating in CDEF’s California Teacher Residency Lab (The Lab). To expand the knowledge base around bilingual teacher residencies and provide policy and practice recommendations, researchers conducted interviews with a sample of BTR grantee program leaders to capture and analyze their perspectives regarding BTRs based on their implementation phase and context. Four key findings emerged: (1) Bilingual Teacher Residencies are building on community cultural and linguistic wealth; (2) Bilingual Teacher Residencies focus on critical consciousness and culturally responsive and sustaining teaching; (3) Strong district-university partnerships facilitated collaborative program design and problem solving; and (4) Candidates in BTRs face greater financial barriers to becoming teachers than other teacher residency candidates. Based upon the findings, the authors propose three recommendations for policy and practice to ensure California’s BTRs can serve as a vehicle for addressing bilingual teacher shortages at the state and local levels: (1) Ensure systemic coherence and information sharing across agencies and efforts; (2) Build on the efforts of the California Teacher Residency Lab (The Lab) as well as the newly formed State Regional Technical Assistance Center (SRTAC) to provide differentiated, high-quality technical assistance/supports; and (3) Ensure sustainability of BTRs into the future through funding and knowledge building.
Towards Kyrgyz stop words
Authors: Isaev Ruslan , Esenalieva Gulzada , Doszhanov Ermek
Published: January 2024

The concept of stop words introduced by H. P. Lun in the mid-20th century plays a huge role in today’s NLP practice. Stop words are used to reduce noisy text data, remove uninformative words, speed up text processing, and minimize the amount of memory required to store data.The Kyrgyz language is an agglutinative Turkic language for which no scientific study of stop words has been previously published in English. In our study, we combined frequency analysis with rule-based linguistic analysis. First, we found the most frequently used words, set a threshold, and removed words below the threshold. This way we got a list of the most frequently used words. Then we reduced the list by excluding from the list all words that do not belong to the category of function words of the Kyrgyz language. Finally, we got a list of 50 words that can be considered stop words in the Kyrgyz language. In our analysis, we used a single corpus of sentences collected and posted as an open source project by one of the local broadcasters.
Drug delivery systems using mesoporous silicon microparticles incorporated with nanoparticles
Authors: Eguchi Masakatsu
Published: January 2024

This minireview summarized a part of the recent work of Professor Mauro Ferrari on the application of mesoporous silicon microparticles to celebrate the occasion of the establishment of a new company, BrYet Pharma. This article is focusing on the principle and application of injectable nanoparticle generators (iNPG) for drug delivery systems. Three main examples are described; deliveries of anti-cancer agents and peptide cancer vaccines using iNPG, and oral formulation of iNPG for inflamed intestinal mucosa. The iNPG drug delivery system provides protection, the versatility of loading, and the selective delivery of therapeutics, which enables prolonged efficacy, the simultaneous delivery of a combination of therapeutics, and the reduction of toxicity. The advantages of the iNPG drug delivery system are discussed with examples in this minireview.
Evaluation of single granule release characteristics of controlled release granules with porous ethylcellulose membrane
Authors: Hiroyuki Hirano , Hiroshi Yamahara
Published: January 2024

A basic dissolution study of single granule in a controlled-release capsule formulations was conducted. Controlled-release granules were prepared using porous Ethylcellulose membranes, and single granule dissolution profiles was compared with those of the Japanese pharmacopoeia (JP) paddle method. Dissolution profile from one granule was found to be dependent on the solubility of the drug.
Trends of development of the economy of china in the conditions of global instability impression
Authors: Ali Uzair , Nurgazina Zhanar , Khan Zaid Ashiq , Jing Wang
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the processes involved in the formation of sustainable competitive advantages in the economy of the People’s Republic of China, under the conditions of the instability in the world’s economy. The subject of the research is the socio-economic relations arising in the process of the formation of sustainable competitive advantages.
Interactive and inspiring environmental measures in club management
Authors: Kwan Ming , Kong Anthony , Liu David
Published: January 2024

Using the green management of clubhouses in Park Island, Hong Kong as a case study, this research investigates various green strategies, measures and activities that have been adopted in a private residential clubhouses and explores how those strategies has demonstrated extraordinary green management in clubhouses that raise the environmental protection awareness for users while they are enjoying clubhouses services. Design/Methodology/Approach: This paper identifies environmental protection strategies, measures, activities adopted in clubhouses management to raise environmental awareness for all of the clubhouses users. The objectives of environmental protection strategies, measures and activities aimed at demonstrating the green management in clubhouses and how to educate and encourage clubhouse users to participate in green practices while they are enjoying clubhouses services. Authors conducted twenty in-depth semi-structured interviews with respondents so as to fully understand their views towards the green management in clubhouses. Findings: Green facility management in clubhouses, green measures in clubhouses restaurant, clubhouse green workshops and activities, and Clubhouse green events were perceived by all of the study respondents as educative, effective and influential, which raised environmental awareness, encourage clubhouse users to participate in environmental protection while they are enjoying clubhouses services. Practical implications: Based on the insights gained from respondents, positive influence are contributed by green facility management in clubhouses, green measures in clubhouses restaurant, clubhouse green workshops and activities, and clubhouse green events to demonstrate environmentally friendly clubhouses management and raise the environmental protection awareness and encourage clubhouse users to take part in green practices. Clubhouses management and users participate hand in hand in environmental protection. Originality/value: This paper urges for the importance of all clubhouse users, all clubhouses management companies to engage in environmental protection for sustainable development. The aim of such an episode is to arouse all stakeholders of clubhouses to participate in environmental protection actively and attentively for green environment.
Formal observation of the first nesting of the Loggerhead Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) in Algeria
Authors: AHMIM Mourad , BOUTEBIBA Rachid , LEULMI Khaled
Published: January 2024

The Loggerhead Carettacaretta is a sea turtle of the Cheloniidae family and the subfamily of the Carettinae. It is found in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans and in the Mediterranean Sea and it is considered an endangered species and is protected by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Its heritage status is Vulnerable. In the Mediterranean it is the most common species of sea turtle. The main nesting place is Greece with more than 3,000 nests per year, and loggerheads also nest on the Cypriot coasts and several other nesting places are known in the eastern Mediterranean for example in Turkey, Israel, Cyprus, the islands Ioniennes, in Tunisia, Libya, in Lebanon and in Sicily For Algeria the Loggerhead is very often observed either alive or stranded but no egg-laying nest has been reported. In August an egg laying nest, from which small loggerheads came out, was observed at the Iftissen beach of Beni Fergane in the coast of El milia in the department of Jijel this is the first observation of nesting of this important species in Algeria.
Humero-radio-ulnar synostosis: a case report with brief literature search
Authors: Sharique M , Rahman Nusra , Khan Abdul Qayyum , Siddiqui Yasir Salam , Abbas Mazhar , Julfiqar Julfiqar
Published: January 2024

Congenital humero-radio-ulnar synostosis is an extremely rare condition. So far approximately 30 cases of congenital humero-radio-ulnar synostosis have been reported worldwide. To the best of our knowledge, no such type of case has been reported in India as well as Asia. The case presented here is of a 7 month old male baby, born with right sided humero-radio-ulnar synostosis with no other musculoskeletal defect. In the right upper extremity the congenital defect was due to failure of cavitation during embryologic development. We believe that the case presented here deserves reporting not only because or rarity of the disease but also due to its uniqueness. There was neither any associated hypoplasia of upper extremity nor there was any familial or syndromic association. An attempt is also made to do brief literature search.
“Un clima de este género podrían envidiarlo los Elisios”. El clima en el Nuevo Reino de Granada visto por los sacerdotes del siglo XVIII
Authors: Mora Pacheco Katherinne
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: explorar las obras escritas por sacerdotes que nacieron o residieron en el Nuevo Reino de Granada y que, desde finales del siglo XVII y a lo largo del XVIII, se interesaron por la historia natural y, específicamente, por el clima y los fenómenos atmosféricos en lugares que les eran ajenos. Metodología: después de elaborar un inventario de los textos de historia natural, diccionarios geográficos y relatos de viaje producidos en el siglo XVIII, se seleccionaron escritos de sacerdotes que hubieran permanecido largas temporadas lejos de sus regiones de origen y que registraron las condiciones climáticas y su relación con el relieve, la vegetación y la sociedad. Originalidad: dado que los relatos de viaje del siglo XVIII han sido relativamente poco estudiados, comparados con los del siglo XIX, y su análisis se ha concentrado en las visiones de la naturaleza como un todo o de alguna de sus partes, especialmente en la flora y la fauna, este artículo examina miradas acerca del clima insuficientemente exploradas, para el caso neogranadino. Conclusiones: la caracterización del clima en el noroccidente de Suramérica ha pasado por un largo proceso y es erróneo atribuirla a un pionero en particular, por lo que los hallazgos en climatología y meteorología no pueden atribuirse a personajes aislados y excepcionales y solo pueden entenderse en clave de larga duración y de forma colectiva; por ello son valiosas las fuentes cualitativas directas y resulta artificial la división entre los naturalistas ilustrados racionales y aquellos sacerdotes que daban explicaciones providencialistas de los fenómenos meteorológicos.
“Colmando la sed con tierra”: el difícil tránsito de los sistemas de riego en los llanos del alto Magdalena, 1870-1930
Authors: Florián Jhon
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: estudiar las alternativas productivas a la sequedad de las llanuras tolimenses entre 1870 y 1930 por parte de algunos hacendados emprendedores y miembros de la iglesia. Metodología: a partir de las memorias de los ministros y las cartas depositadas en El Agricultor, se reconstruyen los avatares económicos, políticos y tecnológicos que dificultaron la creación de sistemas de riego en el alto Magdalena. Originalidad: se evidencia que fue mucho más efectivo ampliar los predios hasta los ríos que conducir el agua hasta los predios, lejos de los argumentos que calificaron este comportamiento como irracional y precapitalista, y se comprueba que con el crecimiento de las haciendas los grandes propietarios lograron que sus predios incrementaran su precio de venta gracias a los derechos de riberanía conquistados y que las heredades se beneficiaron de un acceso al río, aunque, en la práctica, este fue un cambio notarial sin ninguna acción real contra la sequedad de los llanos. Conclusiones: la mejor alternativa para cambiar la composición de los suelos fue la construcción de obras de riego; sin embargo, esta solo fue una posibilidad real en el segundo tercio del siglo XX y, antes de esto, ni siquiera fue una necesidad económica, principalmente porque no había certeza sobre la capacidad del riego para transformar estos suelos y los hacendados no requirieron de obras hidráulicas para valorizar sus heredades.
Debates sobre o clima na região semiárida do Império brasileiro a partir da Comissão Científica de Exploração, 1859-1861
Authors: Pereira de Oliveira Gabriel
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: discutir como a Comissão Científica de Exploração, formada pelo governo monárquico do Brasil entre 1859 e 1861, mobilizou a questão climática em seus trabalhos nas então províncias do Norte do país e como isso rendeu embates com gentes daqueles territórios semiáridos. Metodologia: à luz de pressupostos do campo da História Ambiental e das Ciências, a pesquisa se construiu com base na análise de fontes da referida Comissão, bem como das discussões sobre o clima por parte de estudiosos dessas províncias. Originalidade: a questão climática, por vezes, ainda aparece subvalorizada tanto para a dita Comissão como nas dinâmicas desse território e suas gentes nos meados do século XIX. Esse artigo questiona essa visão ao mostrar como sobretudo as interações com as chuvas e sua escassez foram decisivas nas relações dessa parte do Brasil com o poder monárquico naquele momento. Conclusões: o território semiárido foi um desafio ao projeto de integração do Brasil pelo seu distanciamento biogeográfico e social em relação ao ideal de nação gerado no poder imperial, centrado no Rio de Janeiro. A Comissão Científica buscava levar a ordem imperial para essa área setentrional do Império, e para isso, estudou a questão climática. Isso, porém, não foi algo unilateral desde a Corte, mas foi o centro de vários choques com outros projetos para essa parte do Brasil.
Fernanda Espinosa Moreno. De damnificados a víctimas. La construcción del problema público de los afectados por la violencia en Colombia (1946-1991). Ciudad de México - Bogotá: Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Cuajimalpa / Universidad del Rosario, 2021. 454 páginas.
Authors: Hincapié Rojas Sebastián
Published: January 2024

No hace mucho, el historiador Enzo Traverso nos advertía sobre la preeminencia de las interpretaciones del pasado en las que “una figura antes discreta y púdica ocupa el centro del escenario: la víctima”. Las víctimas parecen ser los actores más presentes de nuestra historia reciente, cómo evitarlas y cómo repararlas, se preguntan los científicos sociales, con la esperanza de que los actos de violencia que las produjeron no vuelvan a repetirse. Las víctimas representan la necesidad de poner un punto final a la guerra, al tiempo que demandan ser consideradas como un punto de partida para cualquier negociación y para una paz estable y duradera. Nos hemos acostumbrado tanto a su actualidad que hemos olvidado su historia; hemos asimilado su existencia como una consecuencia inevitable de la guerra y su reparación como la obligada respuesta institucional que viene tras la violencia. Este libro quiebra esa ilusión presentista, al reconstruir la trayectoria de un término cuya historia puede ser rastreada al menos hasta la época de la Violencia. Lejos de dar por sentada la existencia de las víctimas, en el sentido hoy atribuido al término, la autora propone entender cómo, cuándo y por qué estas se volvieron relevantes en la discusión pública colombiana.
Carlos Marichal. El nacimiento de la banca en América Latina. Finanzas y política en el siglo XIX. Ciudad de México: El Colegio de México, 2021. 508 páginas.
Authors: Torres James V.
Published: January 2024

A diferencia de Estados Unidos y Europa, la banca en América Latina emergió relativamente tarde y ha tenido una inusitada incapacidad para permear la actividad económica del continente. A través de cinco estupendos capítulos, el reciente libro de Carlos Marichal ofrece una síntesis analítica para retomar el problema y ofrecer nuevos derroteros en el estudio de la historia financiera latinoamericana. Se trata de la continuación de reflexiones decantadas en importantes volúmenes que el autor ha realizado sobre la deuda externa, el fisco virreinal, la banca central y las crisis financieras.
Ricardo López. La clase invisible. Género, clases medias y democracia en Bogotá. Bogotá: Crítica / Universidad del Rosario, 2022. 610 páginas.
Authors: Guisao Álvarez Juan Daniel
Published: January 2024

En La clase invisible Ricardo López muestra a la clase media como principal indicador de lo que significaba la vida dentro de una sociedad democrática a mediados del siglo xx. Esta observación parte de la pregunta por la idea, la práctica, la identidad social y la experiencia de sus integrantes. El libro alude a la dinámica transnacional determinante para el surgimiento de las clases medias, en el marco de la modernización del Estado regida por los principios de la Alianza para el Progreso (1961-1970), en su pretensión de expandir los valores capitalistas pregonados por Estados Unidos en la Guerra Fría. Considerando este contexto, el autor presenta los conceptos usados a partir de su observación de los actores de clase media (profesionales jóvenes, oficinistas y pequeños industriales), dando cuenta de sus estrategias, conscientes e inconscientes, para darse un lugar y una identidad, en esta sociedad en transformación. De tal manera, estas aspiraciones individuales aparecen, por virtud del análisis del autor, como manifestaciones de representaciones y fenómenos colectivos específicos: la idea de desarrollo social y económico, las fronteras de clase, la perpetuación de la desigualdad, las diferencias de género y, sobre todo, la búsqueda exacerbada de las personas por ser “alguien en la vida”, una inquietud que sintetiza el espíritu de la época.
Leachate Treatment via TiO2/UV Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: A Multiple Polynomial Regression Model
Authors: Becerra Moreno Dorance , Machuca-Martínez Fiderman , Maturana Aymer , Villamizar Mosquera Salvador Enrique , Soto Verjel Joseph Wbeimar , Soto Vergel Ángelo Joseph
Published: January 2024

Advanced oxidation processes such as TiO2/UV heterogeneous photocatalysis are suitable treatment methods for wastewater with high pollutant loads such as landfill leachates. Optimizing the variables that influence the process is a fundamental aspect. However, in this regard, experimental conditions are limited in terms of resources and time, which is why modeling allows obtaining a general understanding of the phenomenon from a set of experimental data. This work sought to model the photocatalytic process via multivariate polynomial regression, considering variables such as the catalyst concentration, the pH level, and the accumulated energy concerning the percentage of degradation in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The implemented fitting method resulted in a third-degree polynomial with an R2 of 0,8652, concluding that the model and its conclusions are valid. Moreover, with greater degrees, the model curve overfitted, even with better R2. DOC abatement showed a negative correlation with pH and the catalyst dose, while an opposite trend was observed for the accumulated energy. The model predictions allow inferring that, at low catalyst doses and medium and high pH levels, it is possible to find maximum degradations at low cumulative energies.