bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Ionic Strength on the Interfacial and Bulk Properties of Unsymmetrical Bolaamphiphiles
Authors: Jiang Yurong , Xu Zhigang , Luan Jimei , Liu Pingqin , Qiao Weihong , Li Zongshi
Published: January 2008

By performing measurements of the equilibrium surface tensions of electrolyte solutions of three unsymmetrical bolaamphiphiles, each of which has an aromatic ring and a ω‐carboxyalkyl chain in its molecular structure, we conclude that the carboxyl and sulfonate groups at both ends of the molecule—which enter the solution while the hydrophobic chain extends into the air—can force these surfactants to adopt a looped configuration which looks like the letter “U” upside‐down, resulting in regular arrangements at the air/water interface and micelles in bulk solution. Surface tension measurements of these surfactants as a function of added salt reveal the limiting surface tension to be less sensitive to the ionic strength in LiCl solution and significantly sensitive to divalent Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions in hard water. This result reveals that the looped configuration of the molecule is the dominant factor in determining whether the molecules of this surfactant are sensitive to ionic strength or not. This paper also reports briefly on the effect of the interactions of divalent Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions with unsymmetrical bolaamphiphiles on the turbidity of hard water. These results suggest that the interactions of divalent Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions with carboxyl groups are strong, and the two breaks in the surface tension curves disappear. In 200 ppm hard water, the turbidity appears over just a small range of surfactant concentrations, showing that the presence of the Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions has little effect on the application of these surfactants.
X-pinch experiments with pulsed power generator (PPG-1) at Tsinghua University
Authors: Liu R. , Zou X. , Wang X. , He L. , Zeng N.
Published: January 2008

The test on an X-pinch device powered by a pulsed power generator (PPG-I) was carried out step by step. In the first step, a brass rod of 6 mm in diameter was used as a load to replace the X-pinch load. The results of the first step shows that all the current, about 200 kA in amplitude, output from PPG-I flows through the load and no breakdown or flashover in vacuum of the load section happens. The waveform of the current from PPG-I measured with a wall resistor coincides exactly with that of the load current measured with a Rogowski coil, which indicates that the calibrations of the wall resistor and Rogowski coil are correct. In the second step, an X-pinch load made of two molybdenum wires of 40 µm in diameter was used. It was found that the distance between the cathode and anode affects considerably the operation of the device. While breakdown in vacuum happens for the distance equal to 30 mm, it works very well for the distance equal to 16 mm. The reason for this phenomenon was given.
Reality and Fiction in Contemporary Theatre
Authors: FISCHER-LICHTE ERIKA
Published: January 2008

This article examines a particular aesthetic experience that is brought about by a destabilization, even a collapsing, of the dichotomous pair of concepts the ‘real’ and the ‘fictional’. While a tension between the two, even in differing degrees, proves characteristic of all kinds of theatre, recent developments on European stages emphasize this tension. In the paper it is examined with respect to 1) the actors' bodies and 2) the theatrical spaces. In each case, the point of departure is two examples which are analysed with regard to the particular function that the tension between the real and the fictional might serve. It is argued that what in everyday life is neatly separated into two different worlds to be fully grasped by the dichotomous pair of concepts becomes blurred in the performances discussed here. The particular aesthetic experience coming into being in such performances is an experience of ‘betwixt and between’ (Turner) – a liminal experience. This way, they stimulate a new discussion of the concept of aesthetic experience, so central to all forms of art in the Western world since 1800.
International foodborne outbreak ofShigella sonneiinfection in airline passengers
Authors: GAYNOR K. , PARK S. Y. , KANENAKA R. , COLINDRES R. , MINTZ E. , RAM P. K. , KITSUTANI P. , NAKATA M. , WEDEL S. , BOXRUD D. , JENNINGS D. , YOSHIDA H. , TOSAKA N. , HE H. , CHING-LEE M. , EFFLER P. V.
Published: January 2008

During 22–24 August 2004, an outbreak ofShigella sonneiinfection affected air travellers who departed from Hawaii. Forty-seven passengers with culture-confirmed shigellosis and 116 probable cases who travelled on 12 flights dispersed to Japan, Australia, 22 US states, and American Samoa. All flights were served by one caterer. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of all 29S. sonneiisolates yielded patterns that matched within one band. Food histories and menu reviews identified raw carrot served onboard as the likely vehicle of infection. Attack rates for diarrhoea on three surveyed flights with confirmed cases were 54% (110/204), 32% (20/63), and 12% (8/67). A total of 2700 meals were served on flights with confirmed cases; using attack rates observed on surveyed flights, we estimated that 300–1500 passengers were infected. This outbreak illustrates the risk of rapid, global spread of illness from a point-source at a major airline hub.
Comparison of symptoms and treatment outcomes between actively and passively detected tuberculosis cases: the additional value of active case finding
Authors: DEN BOON S. , VERVER S. , LOMBARD C. J. , BATEMAN E. D. , IRUSEN E. M. , ENARSON D. A. , BORGDORFF M. W. , BEYERS N.
Published: January 2008

Passive detection of tuberculosis (TB) cases may lead to delay in treatment which may contribute to increased severity of disease and mortality. Active case finding may be an alternative. In a community survey in Cape Town, South Africa, we actively detected 27 bacteriologically positive TB cases and compared those with 473 passively detected TB cases. Seven of 27 (26%) actively detected TB cases did not start treatment within 2 months and were considered initial defaulters. Those who did start treatment had similar treatment success rates as passively detected TB cases (both 80%) (OR 1·01, 95% CI 0·33–3·09). Passively detected cases reported the presence of the symptoms cough (OR 3·72, 95% CI 1·47–9·39), haemoptysis (OR 3·20, 95% CI 1·03–9·93), night sweats (OR 3·35, 95% CI 1·40–7·99), fever (OR 4·28, 95% CI 1·21–15·14), and weight loss (OR 11·14, 95% CI 4·17–29·74) more often than those detected actively. We conclude that although TB cases detected by a community survey are less symptomatic and are prone to a high initial default rate, active case finding can potentially identify a substantial portion of the existing caseload at an earlier stage of disease, thereby reducing the risk of transmission.
Inferior rabies vaccine quality and low immunization coverage in dogs (Canis familiaris) in China
Authors: HU R. L. , FOOKS A. R. , ZHANG S. F. , LIU Y. , ZHANG F.
Published: January 2008

Human rabies in China continues to increase exponentially, largely due to an inadequate veterinary infrastructure and poor vaccine coverage of naive dogs. We performed an epidemiological survey of rabies both in humans and animals, examined vaccine quality for animal use, evaluated the vaccination coverage in dogs, and checked the dog samples for the presence of rabies virus. The lack of surveillance in dog rabies, together with the low immunization coverage (up to 2·8% in rural areas) and the high percentage of rabies virus prevalence (up to 6·4%) in dogs, suggests that the dog population is a continual threat for rabies transmission from dogs to humans in China. Results also indicated that the quality of rabies vaccines for animal use did not satisfy all of the requirements for an efficacious vaccine capable of fully eliminating rabies. These data suggest that the factors noted above are highly correlated with the high incidence of human rabies in China.
Modelling a national programme for the control of foodborne pathogens in livestock: the case of Salmonella Dublin in the Danish cattle industry
Authors: JORDAN D. , NIELSEN L. R. , WARNICK L. D.
Published: January 2008

A ‘virtual hierarchy’ model is described for studying the spread of pathogens between herds of livestock. This novel approach to simulating disease has animals, herds, and geographic regions in a national livestock industry arranged as a hierarchy of objects in computer memory. Superimposed on all objects is an infection–recovery cycle, a control programme, and surveillance based on test results and animal movement. The model was applied to predicting progress in the control of Salmonella Dublin in the Danish dairy cattle industry over a 10-year period. More frequent testing of bulk tank milk for antibodies to S. Dublin was less effective than improved herd biosecurity. Restricting cattle movement between regions provided a strong benefit to those regions initially with a low prevalence of infection. Enhanced control within infected herds was of intermediate benefit. A combination of strategies was highly effective although cost and feasibility of this option needs further exploration.
QUEENS OF THE GARDEN: VICTORIAN WOMEN GARDENERS AND THE RISE OF THE GARDENING ADVICE TEXT
Authors: Bilston Sarah
Published: January 2008

The nineteenth century was an eraof enormous changes in garden design and garden practice. A wealth of new and exotic plants, located and shipped back by adventurous plant hunters from southern Europe and other, warmer continents, changed the look and character of the garden beyond recognition. The repeal of the glass tax and advances in iron and glass production initiated the craze of the glass house. “Bedding out” consequently became popular, a system in which delicate plants grown under glass could be planted straight outside in warmer months, producing instant colour and ending the frustrating months of bare beds during which gardeners waited for native perennials to bloom. And there were many other important technological advances to ease the lot of the Victorian gardener, such as the patenting of the first lawn mower in 1830 and improvements in tool design. Moreover, with huge advances in printing press technology and distribution, a slew of gardening magazines and gardening manuals sprang up to educate and aid the amateur gardener. The rise of the middle class, housed in suburban terraces and villas with small gardens front and back, produced a ready market for such texts.
SPECULATORS AT HOME IN THE VICTORIAN NOVEL: MAKING STOCK-MARKET VILLAINS AND NEW PAPER FICTIONS
Authors: Wagner Tamara S.
Published: January 2008

InTHE WAY WE LIVE NOW (1875),theMelmottes’ origins remain a mystery that becomes increasingly irrelevant. Few of Augustus Melmotte's business partners venture to inquire too closely into the specious public faith in his financial integrity even as they prepare to extract the promising output of his highly speculative enterprises. On the contrary, a suspicion that their seemingly stable investments are as unsafe as they are spurious, that they bear the marks of risky speculation, accompanies the rise of the commercial Melmotte Empire from its beginnings. Close inquiry is not so much guarded against as shirked by those who wish to believe in it. When aristocratic would-be investors scramble for a seat on the boards of this “New Man,” they are therefore guilty not simply of nourishing a fraudulent financier whose history as a swindler they are well aware of, for Melmotte's connections to continental scams are notorious. Rather, they are building on ambivalent attitudes to the seemingly successful speculator. Just as the instability associated with speculation is conveniently embodied by an international man of mystery in the worst sense, it can also be exorcised just as easily by his self-destruction.
SPENDING A PENNY AT ROTHESAY; OR, HOW ONE LAVATORY BECAME A GENTLEMAN'S LOO
Authors: Morrison Kevin A.
Published: January 2008

On 19 June 1900,duringthe heyday of the British seaside resort, a new gentleman's lavatory opened on one of the Firth of Clyde's most famous piers. The Isle of Bute was a popular destination for Scottish Victorians, who would make the short journey from Glasgow by paddle steamer for a day of shopping or a weekend holiday. Despite its small size and close proximity to major cities, Rothesay, the island's only town, supported a large number of shops year round and hosted regular fairs during the summer. Travelers were also lured to the island by its diverse topography and by Rothesay Castle, which dates from 1230 and eventually devolved to the Stuarts. The island's moderate west-coast climate attracted a considerable number of visitors throughout the year (Figure 1).
SELF-TEACHING: MARY CARPENTER, PUBLIC SPEECH, AND THE DISCIPLINE OF DELINQUENCY
Authors: Schroeder Janice
Published: January 2008

With the growth of the organized feminist movementin England at the end of the 1850s, women began to mount public lecture platforms in increasing numbers. By claiming a space in public assembly rooms through the simple use of their voices, women reformers such as Bessie Rayner Parkes and Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon challenged the male privilege of public address, and changed the visual, oral, and aural culture of Victorian reform movements. Women's public speech in the 1850s and 60s was never linked with the kind of riotous responses provoked later by Josephine Butler or the women's suffrage movement. But even public speakers associated with a more moderate or “polite” tone, such as Parkes and Frances Power Cobbe, routinely received a mixture of moral censure and ridicule, causing them to question the value of publicity – both print and platform – for the feminist cause. However, one of the most prolific female public speakers of mid nineteenth-century England, Mary Carpenter (1807–77), seems to have escaped all such criticism and was repeatedly held up as a shining example, by both feminists and non-feminists, of appropriate womanly behavior in official public settings. Commentators on Carpenter's work and her public reputation were nearly unanimous in their approval of not only the content of her public speech but also its flawless delivery. What can Carpenter's apparently unique public persona tell us about shifts in the gendered dimensions of public utterance in the 1850s and 60s, when she was most active? More broadly, what does the history of women's platform speech have to do with a seemingly unrelated narrative: that is, the theorization of juvenile delinquency as a specific problem in nineteenth-century England?
REDESIGNING FEMININITY:MISS MARJORIBANKS'S DRAWING-ROOM OF OPPORTUNITY
Authors: Tange Andrea Kaston
Published: January 2008

Margaret Oliphant's work has of late received renewedattention for her portrayal of heroines who struggle against the confines of proper middle-class femininity – who are at once sympathetic and yet do not fit the model of the submissive Victorian domestic angel – andMiss Marjoribanks(1866) is no exception. Without fully discounting the Victorian notion that there is a proper place women ought to occupy,Miss Marjoribanksraises complex questions about how that place is defined and limited. Recent scholarly attention to the novel highlights Oliphant's sustained engagement with the issue of how far propriety and custom circumscribe a woman's place. Such examinations, however, fail to address the extent to which Oliphant demonstrates the flexibility of cultural notions of a woman's place by focusing the action ofMiss Marjoribanksalmost entirely on the heroine's creation of a very specific physical place for herself – her drawing-room. ExaminingMiss Marjoribanks's portrayal of how a Victorian woman might capitalize on the centrality of the drawing-room in shaping cultural notions of feminine identity, this essay argues that once Lucilla Marjoribanks has established the drawing-room as a physical and ideological space that will contain her actions, she uses this space and all it represents to expand the boundaries of her cultural place. By focusing specifically on the work its heroine undertakes within her drawing-room and by asserting that a woman's power lies in the possibility for feminine taste to accomplish action, Oliphant's novel, like her heroine, operates within the “prejudices of society” while simultaneously offering a means to exploit those prejudices. This architecturally-motivated re-reading of Oliphant's novel in turn suggests a re-reading of Oliphant's own career. For I would argue that novels operated for Oliphant the way that drawing-rooms do for Lucilla: they provided a culturally-sanctioned place in which to locate herself, and thereby reaffirm her respectable feminine position, even while she undertook projects that challenged Victorian assumptions about gendered identity.
THE WELL-BELOVED: THOMAS HARDY'S MANIFESTO OF “REGIONAL AESTHETICS”
Authors: Bezrucka Yvonne
Published: January 2008

The Pursuit of the Well-Beloved was first published in serial instalments (from 1 October to 17 December1892) with illustrations by Water Paget; see Figure 6) in the Illustrated London News and were published simultaneously with the same title in the American magazine Harper's Bazar. It then appeared in book form, with substantial revisions, as The Well-Beloved: A Sketch of a Temperament in 1897, and was, in fact, the last of Hardy's novels to appear (Jude the Obscure being published in 1895).
X-ray Microanalysis of a Coated Nonconductive Specimen: Monte Carlo
Simulation
Authors: Demers Hendrix , Gauvin Raynald
Published: January 2008

The microanalysis of nonconductive specimen in a scanning electron
microscope is limited by charging effects. Using a charge density model
for the electric field buildup in a nonconductive specimen irradiated
by electrons, a Monte Carlo simulation method has been applied to
alumina (Al2O3). The results show a change in the
depth distribution for characteristic and bremsstrahlung X-ray,
φ(ρz) curves, and ψ(ρz) curves
(with absorption) for both elements' Kα lines. The
influence of the electric field on the measured X-ray intensity is
shown. The dependency of this influence by the three parameters,
electron energy, X-ray energy, and charge density, is clarified.
Charge Implantation Measurement on Electron-Irradiated Insulating Materials by Means of a SEM Technique
Authors: Jbara Omar , Fakhfakh Slim , Belhaj Mohamed , Rondot Sebastien
Published: January 2008

The goal of this article is first to review the charging effects occurring when an insulating material is subjected to electron irradiation in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and next their consequences from both scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) points of view. When bare insulators are observed, the so-called pseudo mirror effect leads to an anomalous contrast and also to an erroneous surface potential,VS, measurement when a Duane–Hunt limit (DHL) method is used. An alternative possibility is to use an electron toroidal spectrometer (ETS), specially adapted to a SEM, which directly gives theVSvalue. In the case of a bulk specimen coated with a grounded layer, although the layer prevents external effects of the trapped charge, the electric field beneath the coating is reinforced and leads to loss of ionizations that reduces the number of generated X-ray photons. To take into account both effects mentioned above, whether the studied insulator is coated or not, a method is proposed to deduce the trapped charge inside the insulator and the corresponding internal or external electric field.
Experimental Characterization and Mitigation of Specimen Charging on Thin Films with One Conducting Layer
Authors: Downing Kenneth H. , McCartney M.R. , Glaeser Robert M.
Published: January 2008

Specimen charging may be one of the most significant factors that contribute to the high variability and generally low quality of images in cryo-electron microscopy. Understanding the nature of specimen charging can help in devising methods to reduce or even avoid its effects and thus improve the rate of data collection as well as the quality of the data. We describe a series of experiments that help to characterize the charging phenomenon, which has been termed the Berriman effect. The pattern of buildup and disappearance of the charge pattern has led to several suggestions for how to alleviate the effect. Experiments are described that demonstrate the feasibility of such charge mitigation.
Mask Charging Phenomena during Electron Beam Exposure in the EPL
System
Authors: Kotera Masatoshi , Ishida Yoshihisa
Published: January 2008

Charging phenomena of a mask material during electron beam exposure
are analyzed in an electron beam projection lithography system. First,
the three-dimensional charge deposition distribution by the electron
beam irradiation is obtained. Next, in every time step, the
distributions of the accumulated charge and the potential are obtained
considering the current flow due to the diffusion and the drift. As a
narrow bridge pattern defined in a 5 μm × 5 μm area is
assumed to lay out all over the field of 1 mm × 1 mm and the
potential is grounded at the circumference of the field (1 mm × 1
mm × 1 mm), the saturated potential distribution is obtained at
the central 5 μm × 5 μm area in the field. The maximum
potential attained is around 4.23 μV at the center of the bridge,
if the accelerating voltage of the electron beam is 100 kV, the current
density is 10 A/cm2, and the material of the mask is the
intrinsic Si. The contribution of the charging may be negligible to the
electron beam with such a high accelerating voltage, which is going
through the opening beside the bridge pattern in the projection
lithography.
Monte Carlo Modeling of Electron Scattering in Nonconductive
Specimens
Authors: Fitting H.-J. , Schreiber E. , Glavatskikh I.A.
Published: January 2008

Very low energy electrons in a solid should behave like Bloch
electrons and will interact with perturbations of the atomic lattice,
that is, with phonons. So we use the acoustic phonon scattering for
replacing the elastic binary encounter approximation of the Mott
scattering for electrons with low energies E < 100 eV.
For ballistic electrons (1 eV < E <
Eg) and higher energies up to 1 keV we
determined the acoustic phonon scattering and the impact ionization
rate by means of the “backscattering-versus-range” proof
and respective η(E0) −
R(E0) diagrams. Electron trajectories
demonstrate the relatively short range of primary electrons (PE) with
energies E > 50 eV due to strong impact ionization losses
(cascading) and the much greater range of secondary electrons (SE) with
E < 50 eV, finally as a consequence of less effective
phonon losses. The field-dependent transport parameters allow us to
model the self-consistent charge transport and charging-up of
insulating SiO2 layers during electron bombardment
maintained by the current components of primary electrons
jPE, secondary electrons
jSE, and associated ballistic holes
jBH, as well as by Fowler–Nordheim
field injection jFN from the substrate.
The resulting distributions of currents
j(x,t), charges
ρ(x,t), electric fields
F(x,t), and the potential
V(x,t) across the dielectric layer explain
the phenomena of field-enhanced and field-blocked secondary electron
emission with rates δ [gel ] 1.
Design of an Electron Optical System for the Correction of the Chromatic Aberration Cc of a TEM Objective Lens
Authors: Haider Max , Müller Heiko
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at the Pre-Meeting Congress: Materials Research in an Aberration-Free Environment, at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, July 31 and August 1, 2004.
Aberration Minimized FESEM for Nanotechnology Applications
Authors: Boyes Edward D.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at the Pre-Meeting Congress: Materials Research in an Aberration-Free Environment, at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, July 31 and August 1, 2004.
In Situ Experiments in the High-Voltage Microscope in Stuttgart: Need for Better Resolution?
Authors: Rühle Manfred
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at the Pre-Meeting Congress: Materials Research in an Aberration-Free Environment, at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, July 31 and August 1, 2004.
Prospects for Bright Field and Dark Field Electron Tomography on a Discrete Grid
Authors: Jinschek J. R. , Batenburg K. J. , Calderon H. A. , Van Dyck D. , Chen F.-R. , Radmilovic V. , Kisielowski C.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at the Pre-Meeting Congress: Materials Research in an Aberration-Free Environment, at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, July 31 and August 1, 2004.
Aberration correction: Some Advantages and Alternatives
Authors: Dunin-Borkowski R. E. , Kasama T. , Cervera L. , Twitchett A. C. , Midgley P. A. , Robins A. C. , Smith D. W. , Gronsky J. J. , Thomas C. M. , Fischione P. E. , Hetherington C. J. D. , Kirkland A. I.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at the Pre-Meeting Congress: Materials Research in an Aberration-Free Environment, at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, July 31 and August 1, 2004.
SCEM and XEDS in the Next Generation Aberration Corrected Microscopes
Authors: Zaluzec Nestor J.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at the Pre-Meeting Congress: Materials Research in an Aberration-Free Environment, at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, July 31 and August 1, 2004.
Monochromated ELS: History, Context and Opportunities
Authors: Spence J. C. H.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at the Pre-Meeting Congress: Materials Research in an Aberration-Free Environment, at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, July 31 and August 1, 2004.
Surveillance of Bioterrorism Agents: Considerations for EM Laboratories
Authors: Miller Sara E.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Localization of Fungal Hyphae in the Eggshells of the Green Sea Turtle, Chelonia mydas From Ras Al-Hadd Reserve, Oman
Authors: Elshafie A.E. , Ba-Omar T.A. , Al-Bahry S.N. , Mahmoud I.Y. , AlKindi A.Y. , Al-Amri I.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
ETEM Issues and Opportunities for Dynamic In-situ Experiments
Authors: Boyes E D
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Valence Loss Mapping in Electron Microscopy
Authors: Howie Archie , Garcia de Abajo Francisco Javier
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Characterization and Comparison of Carbon and Asbestos Nanotubes
Authors: Soto K. F. , Murr L. E. , Guerrero P. A.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
TEM Observations of Carbon Nanotubes and Related Nanocrystal Aggregates Collected from Domestic and Commercial Fuel Gas Combustion Sources
Authors: Murr L. E. , Soto K. F. , Guerrero P. A. , Lopez D. A. , Ramirez D. A.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Having Your Cake and Eating It Too: A Procedure for Obtaining Plan View and Cross Section TEM Images from the Same Site
Authors: Irwin R. B. , Anciso A. , Jones P.J. , Patton C.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Developing an Atomic Scale Model of Tilt Grain Boundary Potentials in Perovskite Oxides Using Z-contrast Imaging and EELS
Authors: Klie Robert F. , Beleggia Marco , Zhu Yimei , Buban James P. , Browning Nigel D.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Advances in Microstructural Analysis Using Resin Bonded Diamond Surfaces
Authors: Blann George , Lucas Gabriel
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Quantitative Imaging of Subcellular Signal Transduction
Authors: Piston David W. , Rizzo Mark A. , Rocheleau Jonathan V. , Gunawardana Subhadra
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
A Novel 3-D Culture System for the Study of Cardiac Myocyte Development
Authors: Evans Heather J , Sweet Janea K , Price Robert L , Yost Michael , Goodwin Richard L
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Improved Carbon Analysis with Evactron Plasma Cleaning
Authors: Rolland Pierre , Carlino Vincent , Vane Ronald
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
The Lateral Range and Energy Deposition of Fast Secondary Electrons
Authors: Egerton Ray F , Malac Marek
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Fast and Easy Background Modeling For Practical Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Donovan John J
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Tomographic Spectral Imaging with a Dual-Beam FIB/SEM: 3D Microanalysis
Authors: Kotula Paul G. , Keenan Michael R. , Michael Joseph R.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Multivariate Statistical Analysis of EEL-Spectral Images
Authors: Keenan Michael R. , Kotula Paul G.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Oral Microbial Biofilms in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Palmer Jr. Robert J. , Kolenbrander Paul E
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Welding Strength of Tin Coated Optical Fibers
Authors: Lin Yuli , Fan Kung-Yu
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
An Introduction to the Use of High Pressure Freezing/Freeze Substitution Fixation for TEM Studies of Biological Samples
Authors: Mims Charles W. , Richardson Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
In-Situ STEM Observation of Phase Separation in Ultrathin Ag/Cu Alloy System
Authors: Chen Hao , Zuo J. M.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Angular-Resolved Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy of MgB2-related Compounds
Authors: Klie Robert F , Cooley Lance D , Zhu Yimei
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Medium-Range Order in High Al-content Amorphous Alloys Measured by Fluctuation Electron Microscopy
Authors: Stratton W. G. , Voyles P. M. , Hamann J. , Perepezko J. H.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Interfacial Stress: The Importance of Stress Relaxation in TEM Cross-Sections
Authors: Rouviere Jean Luc , Clement Laurent , Pantel Roland , Kwakman Loek F T
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Electron Diffraction for Modern Materials Characterization
Authors: Zuo J. M.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Internet-Based Education in Confocal and Widefield Fluorescence Microscopy
Authors: Fellers Thomas J , Spring Kenneth R , Murphy Douglas B , Davidson Michael W
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
The Aberration-corrected SEM - the Ultimate Accessory?
Authors: Joy D C
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Identification of Phosphates and Aluminate Nanotubes in a Vehicle-Aged Three-Way Automotive Catalyst
Authors: Hangas Jon
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Imaging Protein Interactions and Modifications in Living Cells
Authors: Grinberg Asya V. , Fang Deyu , Hu Chang-Deng , Kerppola Tom K.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy of Elastomers and Polyolefins
Authors: Winesett D A
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Methods to Evaluate the Effects of Experimental Compounds on the Skin Wound Healing Process in the Mouse
Authors: Blomme Eric A G , James Yan S.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Bandstructure Calculations for the Simulation of Low-Loss EELS and Plasmon Energies
Authors: Keast Vicki J.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Electron Probe Microanalysis of Actinide Elements
Authors: Walker C T
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
FEGSTEM Study of Fe-20Cr-5Al-0.046Y Model Alloy Oxidised at 1200° C
Authors: Al-Badairy Hameed , Papworth Adam J , Tatlock Gordon J
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
EELS Analysis of InGaN/GaN Heterostructures Using the Ga 3d Transitions in Epsilon 2
Authors: Sanchez Ana M , Gass Mhairi H , Papworth Adam J , Goodhew Peter J , Ruterana P
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Electron Microscopy of Medical Implant Devices in an Industrial Consulting Laboratory: Meeting the Challenges of Sample Preparation and Analysis
Authors: Schumacher Elaine F , Teetsov Anna S , Urban Robert M
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Preferred Intercrystalline Orientation Relationships and the Near Coincidence of Reciprocal Lattice Points
Authors: Du Kui , Ernst Frank , Ikuhara Yuichi , Pirouz Pirouz
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
STEM Electron Tomography for Nanoscale Materials Science
Authors: Midgley Paul Anthony , Weyland Matthew , Yates Tim , Tong Jenna , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal E , Thomas John Meurig
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Characterization of Bond Failure between Rubber and Metal in Automotive Applications.
Authors: Kaulgud Amit , Lee Jun , Sung Changmo
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Determination of Helicity and Diameter of Nanotubes in a Triple-Tubule Bundle
Authors: Liu Zejian , Qin Lu-Chang
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Field Emission SEM with a Spherical and Chromatic Aberration Corrector
Authors: Kazumori Hiroyoshi , Honda Kazuhiro , Matsuya Miyuki , Date Masaru , Nielsen Charles
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Single and Multi–Magnetic Domain Structures Studied by Electron Holography and Lorentz Microscopy
Authors: Hirayama Tsukasa , Yamamoto Kazuo , Tanji Takayoshi
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
3D Microscopy and Microanalysis of Au-Al Ultrasonic Bonds by Specific Ion Beam Processing Steps and Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Hauffe Wolfgang , Bochenek Andrzej , Lukaszewicz Marian , Langer Enrico , Mitro R. J.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Electron Microscopy in Plant Virology: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Kitajima Elliott W
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Properties and Applications of New Silicon Drift Detectors and Multiple Element Silicon Drift Detectors
Authors: Terborg Ralf , Rohde Martin
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Extraction Replication of Carbides and Borides in the Ni-base Superalloy IN100
Authors: Song Kai , Blackburn Martin J , Aindow Mark
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Stereological Characterization of Anisotropy in the Statistical Description of the Spatial Distribution of Scalar Properties of Microstructures
Authors: DeHoff Robert T
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Analytical TEM Studies of Borosilicate Glasses
Authors: Möbus Guenter , Short Rick , Hand Russell J
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Cryo-Transmission Electron Microscopy of Vitreous Sections of Gram-Positive Bacteria
Authors: Matias V.R.F. , Beveridge T.J.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Recent Advances in Cryoelectron Tomography of Frozen-hydrated Samples
Authors: Jensen Grant
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
A DigitalMicrograph™ Script for Crystal Thickness Measurements Using Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction
Authors: Hou Vincent
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Single Molecule Mechanical Testing of Mimetic-Elastin Molecules
Authors: Anderson Jaimie R. , Conticello Vincent P. , Bottomley Lawrence A.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Survival of Bacterial Adhesion Pili via a Dramatic Conformational Change: Unwinding
Authors: Mu Xiang-Qi , Bullitt Estheri
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Creation of Silver Nanoscaffolds Using Type I Collagen as a Template
Authors: L'Amoreaux William J , Meier Jordan , Chauhan Bhanu P S
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Decreased NADH Oxidase in Galactose Induced Diabetic Retinopathy in Female as Compared to Male C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Ellis E. Ann , Littleton R. L. , Grant Maria B.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Low Voltage X-ray Microanalysis with a Microcalorimeter Detector
Authors: Kenik Edward A , Anderson Ian M , Joy David C , Lazarz S T , Norrell J A
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Imaging System For Measuring Macromolecule Crystal Growth Rates in Microgravity
Authors: Corder Eric L , Briscoe Jeri
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Preparation of Large Area Site Specific Plan View TEM Samples by Combining Focused Ion Beam and Etching Techniques
Authors: Anciso A. , Jones P.J. , Irwin R.B.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
FIB Preparation for HRTEM: GaN Based Devices
Authors: Jinschek Joerg Ralf , Radmilovic Velimir R , Kisielowski Christian
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Seeing Atoms at Sub-Ångstrom Resolution with Aberration-Corrected TEM
Authors: O'Keefe Michael A.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Mapping Cellular Elemental Distributions in Three Dimensions
Authors: Leapman Richard D. , Kocsis Eva , Zhang Guo , Talbot Thomas L. , Laquerriere Patrice
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Cleaning Treatment to Advance the Quality of FIB Samples for Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Gruenewald Wolfgang , Engelmann Hans-Juergen , Volkmann Beate
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Theoretical and Experimental Study on Anisotropy of XANES/ELNES of Wide-Gap Materials
Authors: Mizoguchi Teruyasu , Kunisu Masahiro , Tanaka Isao , Nakamura Atsutomo , Matsunaga Katsuyuki , Yamamoto Takahisa , Ikuhara Yuichi , Ching Wai Yim
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Organic Surface Monolayer Imaging and Quantification in Mineral Systems: A Multitechnique Approach
Authors: Van Leerdam G.C. , Buijtenhuijs F.A. , Mahy J.W.G.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Random Probability Calculations in Texture Measurements
Authors: Chou Cheng Tsien
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Switching of Single Domain Permalloy Dots Observed by Electron Holography
Authors: Heumann Martin , Uhlig Thomas , Zweck Josef
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
HREM of Carbide and Silicide Precipitation in a TiAl-Based Alloy During Aging
Authors: Zhang Lichun , Aindow Mark , Kim Young-Won
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Lifetime Prediction for Gas Turbine Blades MCrAlY Coatings
Authors: Rybnikov Alexander , Krukovsky Pavel , Kolarik Vladislav , Tadlya Konstantin , Mojaiskaya Nataliya , Kryukov Iosif , Juez-Lorenzo Maria
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Scanning Force and Scanning Electron Microscopic/EDX Investigations of Microtubules Serving as Metallization Templates
Authors: Habicht Wilhelm , Behrens Silke , Unger Eberhard , Dinjus Eckhard
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Cryo-TEM Study on the Effect of Silicone Polyether Structure on Vesicle Formation
Authors: Kim Ginam , Lin Shaow , Nguyen Kimmai
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Electron Microscopy of Block Copolymers and Related Nanocomposites
Authors: Thomas Edwin L
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Quantitative Second Harmonic Generation Imaging Microscopy of Intact Muscle Tissue and Myobrils
Authors: Plotnikov Sergey , Mohler William A. , Campagnola Paul J.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Characterization of Intergranular Fracture Surfaces in a Ni-Cr-Fe Alloy using SEM, FIB and AEM Techniques
Authors: Burke M. G. , Moshier W. C. , Carpenter G. J. C. , Phaneuf M. W.
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
The X-ray Microscopy and Micro-Analysis Facility at the ESRF
Authors: Susini Jean , Salomé Murielle , Fayard Barbara , Eichert Diane , Dhez Olivier , Tucoulou Remi
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Cardiac Myxomas - Revisited
Authors: Siew Shirley
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Performance of Monochromized and Aberration-Corrected TEMs
Authors: Benner Gerd , Essers Erik , Matijevic Marko , Orchowski Alexander , Schlossmacher Peter , Thesen Alexander , Haider Maximilian , Hartel Peter
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Phase Decomposition-Induced Nanocrystal Formation and Structural Disordering in Murataite Structure
Authors: Lian Jie , Wang Lu Min , Ewing Rodney C
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Phase Analysis and Modification of Fiber Surfaces by Positive Charge Modifier
Authors: Shin J.H. , Lee J.S. , Kim G.T. , Kattamuri N. , Kang B.W. , Sung C.M. , Lee C G , Lee J.K
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Demineralization of Dentin by Bonding Systems with Etching Agents of Different Acidity.
Authors: Dusevich Vladimir M , Eick J  David
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
The Spatial Distribution of Water in a Frozen-Hydrated Polymer Blend
Authors: Sousa Alioscka , Aitouchen Abdelaziz , Libera Matthew
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
A Project Database Management System for Microscopy
Authors: Fellmann Denis , Potter Clinton S , Carragher Bridget
Published: January 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.