bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the nilpotence of the prime radical in module categories
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Arellano C. , Castro J. ,   Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Ríos J. ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: July 2022

For M∈R-Mod and τ a hereditary torsion theory on the category σ[M] we use the concept of prime and semiprime module defined by Raggi et al. to introduce the concept of τ-pure prime radical Nτ(M)=Nτ as the intersection of all τ-pure prime submodules of M. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the τ-nilpotence of Nτ(M). We prove that if M is a finitely generated R-module, progenerator in σ[M] and χ≠τ is FIS-invariant torsion theory such that M has τ-Krull dimension, then Nτ is τ-nilpotent.
On lifting and extending properties on direct sums of hollow uniform modules
Authors:   Yamaguchi University, Shibata Yoshiharu
Published: July 2022

A module M is said to belifting if, for anysubmodule N of M, there exists a direct summand X of M contained in N such that N/X is small in M/X. A module M is said to satisfy the finite internal exchange propertyif, for any direct summand X of M and any finite direct sum decomposition M=Lni=1Mi, there exists a direct summand M′i of Mi (i= 1,2, . . . , n) such that M=X⊕(Lni=1M′i). In this paper, we first give characterizations forthe square of a hollow and uniform module to be lifting (extending). In addition, we solve negatively the question "Does any lifting module satisfy the finite internal exchange property?" as an application of this result.
Categorical properties of some algorithms of differentiation for equipped posets
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Gaviria Isaías David Marín , Cañadas Agustín Moreno ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Published: July 2022

In this paper it is proved that the algorithms of differentiation VIII-X (introduced by A.G. Zavadskij to classify equipped posets of tame representation type) induce categorical equivalences between some quotient categories, in particular, analgorithm Az is introduced to build equipped posets with a pair ofpoints (a, b) suitable for differentiation VII such that the subset of strong points related with the weak pointais not empty.
On the orbits of automaton semigroups and groups
Authors:   Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano, D'Angeli Daniele , Francoeur Dominik ,   ENS de Lyon, Rodaro Emanuele ,   Politecnico di Milano, Wächter Jan Philipp ,   Institut für Formale Methoden der Informatik (FMI)
Published: July 2022

We investigate the orbits of automaton semigroups and groups to obtain algorithmic and structural results, both for general automata but also for some special subclasses. First, we show that a more general version of the finiteness problem for automaton groups is undecidable. This problem is equivalent to the finiteness problem for left principal ideals in automaton semigroups generated by complete and reversible automata. Then, we look at w-word (i.\,e.\ right infinite words) with a finite orbit. We show that every automaton yielding an w-word with a finite orbit already yields an ultimately periodic one, which is not periodic in general, however. On the algorithmic side, we observe that it is not possible to decide whether a given periodic w-word has an infinite orbit and that we cannot check whether a given reversible and complete automaton admits an w-word with a finite orbit, a reciprocal problem to the finiteness problem for automaton semigroups in the reversible case. Finally, we look at automaton groups generated by reversible but not bi-reversible automata and show that many words have infinite orbits under the action of such automata.
On the direct sum of dual-square-free modules
Authors:   Cairo University, Taibah University, Ibrahim Yasser , Yousif Mohamed ,   The Ohio State University
Published: July 2022

A module M is called square-free if it contains nonon-zero is omorphic submodules A and B with A∩B= 0. Dually, Mis called dual-square-free if M has no proper submodules A and B with M=A+B and M/A∼=M/B. In this paper we show that if M=⊕i∈I Mi, then M is square-free iff each Mi is square-free and Mj and ⊕j=i∈I Mi are orthogonal. Dually, if M=⊕ni=1Mi, then M is dual-square-free iff each Mi is dual-square-free, 1⩽i⩽n, and Mj and ⊕ni=jMi are factor-orthogonal. Moreover, in the in finite case, weshow that if M=⊕i∈ISi is a direct sum of non-is omorphic simple modules, then M is a dual-square-free. In particular, if M=A⊕B where A is dual-square-free and B=⊕i∈ISi is a direct sum ofnon-isomorphic simple modules, then M is dual-square-free iff A and B are factor-orthogonal; this extends an earlier result by theauthors in [2, Proposition 2.8].
On certain semigroups of contraction mappings of a finite chain
Authors:   Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Umar A. , Zubairu M. M. ,   Bayero University Kano
Published: July 2022

Let[n] ={1,2, . . . , n} be a finite chain and let Pn (resp.,Tn) be the semigroup of partial transformations on[n] (resp., full transformations on[n]). Let CPn={α∈ Pn: (for allx, y ∈ Dom α)|xα−yα|⩽|x−y|}(resp., CTn={α∈ Tn: (for allx, y∈[n])|xα−yα|⩽|x−y|}) be the subsemigroup of partial contractionmappings on[n](resp., subsemigroup of full contraction mappingson[n]). We characterize all the starred Green’s relations on C Pn and it subsemigroup of order preserving and/or order reversingand subsemigroup of order preserving partial contractions on[n], respectively. We show that the semigroups CPn and CTn, and some of their subsemigroups are left abundant semigroups for all n but not right abundant forn⩾4. We further show that the set ofregular elements of the semigroup CTn and its subsemigroup of order preserving or order reversing full contractions on[n], each formsa regular subsemigroup and an orthodox semigroup, respectively.
Jacobson Hopfian modules
Authors:   University of Mohammed First, Moussaouy Abderrahim El , Moniri Hamzekolaee Ali Reza ,   University of Mazandaran, Ziane M’Hammed ,   University of Mohammed First
Published: July 2022

The study of modules by properties of their endomorphisms has long been of interest. In this paper we introduce a proper generalization of that of Hopfian modules, called Jacobson Hopfian modules. A right R-module M is said to be Jacobson Hopfian, if any surjective endomorphism of M has a Jacobson-small kernel. We characterize the rings R for which every finitely generated free R-module is Jacobson Hopfian. We prove that a ring R is semisimple if and only if every R-module is Jacobson Hopfian. Some other properties and characterizations of Jacobson Hopfian modules are also obtained with examples. Further, we prove that the Jacobson Hopfian property is preserved under Morita equivalences.
Homotopy equivalence of normalized and unnormalized complexes, revisited
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics NASU, Lyubashenko V. , Matsui A. ,   Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University
Published: July 2022

We consider the unnormalized and normalized complexes of a simplicial or a cosimplicial object coming from the Dold-Kan correspondence for an idempotent complete additive category (kernels and cokernels are not required). The normalized complex is defined as the image of certain idempotent in the unnormalized complex. We prove that this idempotent is homotopic to identity via homotopy which is expressed via faces and degeneracies. Hence, the normalized and unnormalized complex are homotopy isomorphic to each other. We provide explicit formulae for the homotopy.
On the structure of the algebra of derivations of cyclic Leibniz algebras
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Kurdachenko L. A. , Semko M. M. ,   University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, Yashchuk V. S. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: July 2022

We describe the algebra of derivation of finite-dimensional cyclic Leibniz algebra.
On classifying the non-Tits P-critical posets
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics, Bondarenko V. M. , Styopochkina M. V. ,   Polissia National University
Published: July 2022

In 2005, the authors described all introduced by them P-critical posets (minimal finite posets with the quadratic Tits form not being positive); up to isomorphism, their number is 132 (75 if duality is considered). Later (in 2014) A. Polak and D. Simson offered an alternative way of proving by using computer algebra tools. In doing this, they defined and described the Tits P-critical posets as a special case of the P-critical posets. In this paper we classify all the non-Tits P-critical posets without complex calculations and without using the list of all P-critical ones.
Hip Hemiarthroplasty in Neurologic or Cognitively Impaired Patients: A Case Series of Post-operative Dislocations
Authors: Piggott Robert Pearse , Smithwick Emmett Karl , Murphy Colin Gerard
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Hemiarthroplasty is the operation of choice for displaced intracapsular neck of femur fracture in elderly patients with low physical demands. Dislocation in this frail patient cohort can have devastating consequences. The patients with neurological and cognitive impairment are at additional risk secondary to imbalance of muscle tone and a reduced ability to engage with rehabilitation. Case Report: We present three cases of early post-operative dislocation of hip hemiarthroplasties, all of whom suffered from neurological and cognitive impairment, and highlight the uncontrollable patient factors that contributed to dislocation. Conclusion: The posterior approach was associated with all cases of dislocation in patients who also were neurologic or cognitively impaired. Posterior approach is safe to perform in the general population for hip hemiarthroplasty; however, the surgeon should consider avoiding the use of the posterior approach in this high-risk group. Keywords: Hemiarthroplasty, Dislocation, Elderly, Neurologic impairment, Cognitive impairment.
AI based healthcare chat bot system
Authors: Patil M.V. , . Subhawna , Shree Priya , Singh Puneet
Published: July 2022

The main purpose of the healthcare chatbot system is to provide services in rural areas and government hospital for those people who are not able to take appointment or medical information from the doctors. They can solve their problem with the help of chatbot. With increasing population of India, increasing birth rate and decreasing death rate due to advancement in the medical field it has been observed that number of doctors are less to serve the need of the increasing population.
Imeglimin: features of the mechanism of action and potential benefits
Authors: Kuznetsov K. O. , Saetova A. A. , Mahmutova E. I. , Bobrik A. G. , Bobrik D. V. , Nagaev I. R. , Khamitova A. D. , Arapieva A. M.
Published: July 2022

Imeglimin is the first drug in a new class of tetrahydrotriazine-containing oral hypoglycemic agents called «glimines». Its mechanism of action is aimed at achieving a double effect, firstly, to improve the function of beta cells of the pancreas, and secondly, to enhance the action of insulin in key tissues, including the liver and skeletal muscles. At the cellular level, imeglimin modulates mitochondrial function, which leads to an improvement in cellular energy metabolism, as well as to the protection of cells from death in conditions of excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species. It is important to note that the mechanism of action of imeglimin differs from existing drugs used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Like glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, imeglimin enhances insulin secretion in an exclusively glucose-dependent manner, but their mechanism of action at the cellular level diverges. Sulfonylureas and glinides function by closing ATP-sensitive potassium channels to release insulin, which is also different from imeglimin. Compared with metformin, the effect of imeglimine is also significantly different. Other major classes of oral antihypertensive agents, such as sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitors, thiazolidinediones and α glucosidase inhibitors mediate their action through mechanisms that do not overlap with imeglimine. Given such differences in the mechanisms of action, imeglimin can be used as part of combination therapy, for example with sitagliptin and metformin. The imeglimine molecule is well absorbed (Tmax-4), and the half-life is 5–6 hours, is largely excreted through the kidneys, and also has no clinically significant interactions with either metformin or sitagliptin.
Evaluation of FreeStyle Libre in pediatric t1dm: improved glycemic control, reduction in diabetic ketoacidosis and severe hypoglycemia
Authors: Laptev D. N. , Bezlepkina O. B. , Demina E. S. , Malievskiy O. A. , Nikitina I. L. , Samoilova I. G. , Peterkova V. A.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) with glucometers provides only a snapshot of the glycemic profile and is accompanied by significant psychological discomfort and pain, especially in children. Flash Glucose Monitoring System — FreeStyle Libre (FSL) overcomes many of the barriers associated with glucose measurement and improves metabolic control.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of FSL in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in terms of glycemic control, episodes of severe hypoglycemia (SH) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

MATERIALS AND METHODS. A multicenter, prospective, observational study in real clinical practice was carried out. A total of 469 subjects (258 boys and 211 girls) aged 4–18 were included in the study. The median age was 11.3 (8.4–14.6) years, duration of T1DM — 4.2 (2.1–7.1) years. After FSL start, patient was followed up for 6 months.

RESULTS: After 3 and 6 months of FSL use, HbA1c significantly decreased from 7.4% to 7.1% and 7.2%, respectively (p<0.001). The number of children with HbA1c ><7.5% increased from 51% to 60% and 58% at 3 and 6 months, respectively (p><0.001). The incidence of DKA and SH, as well as the proportion of patients experiencing at least one episode of DKA and SH, were significantly reduced after 6 months of FSL use compared with baseline (p><0.001).

CONCLUSION: The Study demonstrated a significant improvement in metabolic control in children with T1DM 6 months after FSL start: decrease in HbA1c, accompanied by reduction in incidence of DKA and SH.
The dual role of the menopausal hormonal therapy as the enhancer of pleiotropic telomere rejuvenation and the silencer of cellular aging (literature review)
Authors: Grigoryan O. R. , Frolova T. M. , Mikheev R. K. , Sheremetyeva E. V. , Absatarova Yu. S. , Uzhegova Z. A. , Andreeva E. N. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: July 2022

Present worldwide healthcare researches prove that female patients are more sensitive to the population aging. Menopause or climacteria (climax) — is not as ageing itself, but a physiological unstoppable process. The main task for a physician is to improve life quality for female despite of ageing problems. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) due to the estrogen component has an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effect and promotes the expression of telomerase, which together changes the homeostasis and integrity of telomeres. The use of MHT for five years or more can not only significantly change the quality of life, but also increase its duration. Literature search was carried out in national (eLibrary, CyberLeninka.ru) and international (PubMed, Cochrane Library) databases in Russian and English. The priority was free access to the full text of articles. The choice of sources was prioritized for the period from 2019 to 2021. However, taking into account the insufficient knowledge of the chosen topic, the choice of sources dates back to 1989.
Hypophysitis and reversible hypopituitarism developed after COVID-19 infection — a clinical case report
Authors: Gorbova N. Yu. , Vladimirova V P. , Rozhinskaya L. Y. , Belaya Zh. Y.
Published: July 2022

AIM. To present a clinical case of reversible hypopituitarism due to hypophysitis developed after COVID-19 infection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. A patient with residual clinical manifestations of hypopituitarism underwent clinical evaluation at the time of symptoms of hypopituitarism and in follow-up. Morning serum cortisol (171–536 nmol/l) was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Morning ACTH (7.2–63.3 pg/ml), prolactin (66–436 mU/l), TSH (0.25–3.5 mIU/L), fT4 (9–19 pmol/l) and fT3 (2.6–5.7 pmol/l) were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Data were analyzed throughout the course of the disease.

RESULTS. A 35-year-old female developed clinical symptoms of hypopituitarism two months after recovery from a confirmed COVID-19 infection. Laboratory investigation confirmed hypocorticism, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism and the patient was prescribed appropriate hormonal therapy in January 2021. Four months later the symptoms were alleviated (April 2021) and there were signs of recovery shown by imaging and hormonal: morning serum cortisol 227 nmol/l, morning ACTH 33.96 pg/ml, prolactin 68.3 mU/l, TSH 2.626 mIU/L, fT4 10.75 pmol/l, fT3 3.96 pmol/l. Thyroid hormone was discontinued, but hypogonadism and hypocorticism persisted with estradiol — 51.48 pmol/l, 24h urine cortisol level — 41.8 nmol/day. MRI results showed that the signs of hypophysitis were alleviated in comparison with MRI from January 2021. Full recovery of pituitary axis was reported in October 2021, with recovery of normal menstrual cycle. Furthermore, hormonal profile was likewise normal.

CONCLUSION. This report provides evidence of delayed damage to the pituitary gland after infection with the COVID-19, with recovery of its function and structure. To date, the mechanisms of such an impact are not entirely clear; further collection of data on such cases and analysis is required.
Clinical and demographic analysis of telemedicine «doctor-patient» consultations at the Endocrinology Research Centre
Authors: Gorbacheva A. M. , Logvinova O. V. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the development of telemedicine technologies. Today there is evidence of the successful use of telemedicine in various fields of health care, in particular in endocrinology. At the same time, there is not enough information for effective integration of telemedicine into the management of patients with various endocrinopathies.

AIM: The aim of this study is a clinical and demographic assessment of the structure of telemedicine consultations (TMC) conducted at the Endocrinology Research Centre in 2020–2021.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-stage, single-center retrospective study was conducted. The study included all patients who received at least one TMC at the Endocrinology Research Centre in 2020–2021. Clinical and demographic information was analyzed (gender, age of patients, region of residence, ICD-10 code). All patients signed voluntary informed consent for TMC. The obtained data were processed using the Microsoft Office 2013 software package.

RESULTS: In 2020, 1,548 TMC were held, in 2021 — 4180 TMC. Among adults, women predominated in the structure of referrals (83–86%), among children there is a tendency towards equivalent referrals for boys and girls (in 2021 — 45% and 55%, respectively). The median age of adult patients in 2021 was 38 years [31; 53], among children — 11 years [7; 14]. In 2020, residents of 74 regions of the Russian Federation applied for TMC, in 2021 — of 82 regions. There is a tendency towards the prevalence of patients from the Central, Volga, Southern and North Caucasian federal districts in the TMC structure. Diseases of the thyroid gland predominated in the nosological structure of TMC.

CONCLUSION: TMC turned out to be in demand in patients with a wide variety of endocrinopathies. It is important to conduct further analysis of both the TMC market and the effectiveness of remote counseling for various nosologies to determine the place of telemedicine in the modern healthcare structure and to introduce TMK into the system of clinical guidelines and programs of territorial compulsory medical insurance funds.
Prevention of iodine deficiency diseases: focus on regional targeted programs
Authors: Dedov I. I. , Platonova N. M. , Troshina E. A. , Makolina N. P. , Belovalova I. M. , Senyushkina E. S. , Melnichenko G. A.
Published: July 2022

The strategy for the elimination of diseases associated with iodine deficiency throughout the Russian Federation is based on the adoption of a federal law providing for the use of iodized salt as a means of mass (population) iodine prophylaxis. Chronic iodine deficiency that exists in Russia leads to dramatic consequences: the development of mental and physical retardation in children, cretinism, thyroid diseases, and infertility. Under conditions of iodine deficiency, the risk of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in children in the event of nuclear disasters increases hundreds of times. By definition, all iodine deficiency diseases (IDDs) can be prevented, while changes caused by iodine deficiency during fetal development and in early childhood are irreversible and practically defy treatment and rehabilitation. The actual average consumption of iodine by a resident of Russia is only 40–80 mcg per day, which is 3 times less than the established norm (150–250 mcg). Every year, more than 1.5 million adults and 650 thousand children with various thyroid diseases turn to medical institutions. The cause of 65% of cases of thyroid disease in adults and 95% in children is insufficient intake of iodine from the diet. At the stage of preparing the relevant legislative act, the development and implementation of regional programs for the prevention of IDD is of utmost importance. A typical draft of such a program is proposed in this article for its adaptation and use at the regional level.
Regional target program «Prevention of iodine deficiency diseases for 202X-202X»
Authors: Troshina E. A. , Platonova N. M. , Makolina N. P. , Belovalova I. M. , Senyushkina E. S. , Melnichenko G. A. , Dedov I. I.
Published: July 2022

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Combination of a global-search method with model selection criteria for the ellipsometric data evaluation of DLC coatings
Authors: Dorywalski K. , Lupicka O. , Grundmann M. , Sturm C.
Published: July 2022

A method for the evaluation of experimental data from spectroscopic ellipsometry is proposed which combines the global-search optimization algorithm with statistical model selection criteria. The hybrid genetic-gradient search algorithm (HGGA) is applied to find the optical parameters and thickness of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating deposited on SW7M stainless steel. Akaike and Bayesian information criteria are used to evaluate the different dielectric function models. The method is able to find optical model parameters even in case of a limited initial knowledge about the material optical constants. At the same time, the optimal dielectric function model for the description of the material optical properties can be selected unambiguously from the set of candidate models.
Monosodium iodoacetate-induced subchondral bone microstructure and inflammatory changes in an animal model of osteoarthritis
Authors: Bao Zheming , Chen Mengli , Li Chen , Shan Qing , Wang Yichen , Yang Wenshan
Published: July 2022

The monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis (OA) may lead to cartilage degeneration and histopathological lesions. However, the correlation between inflammatory reaction and subchondral bone remodeling in a rodent osteoarthritic model is ambiguous. In this study, intra-articular injection of MIA was performed in 36 four-week-old specific pathogen-free male Wistar rats to induce OA. After 4 weeks of intervention, changes in intrinsic structural properties of the subchondral bones were measured, and the histological evaluation, as well as biochemical analysis, was conducted. We found that intra-articular injection of MIA increased chondrocyte apoptosis and promoted cartilage matrix degradation, such as cartilage surface defects and shallow or disappearing staining. MIA also induced inflammation, improved the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and matrix metalloproteinase, and decreased the expression of cartilage-specific proteins with the extension of modeling time. Meanwhile, the MIA also significantly accelerated the subchondral bone remodeling, as shown by the decreased subchondral bone density, thinning of trabeculae, disordered cartilage structure, and morphology. In conclusion, we have shown that MIA-induced rodent osteoarthritic model would cause decreased subchondral bone density, sparse trabecular bone, and other manifestations of osteoporosis accompanied by an inflammatory response, which would worsen with the progression of modeling time. Our results suggest that different phases of MIA-induced OA are associated with the changes in subchondral bone microstructure and the progression of local inflammation.
Fansubbers’ Subtitling Strategies of Swear Words from English into Arabic in the Bad Boys Movies
Authors: Al-Zgoul Omair , Al-Salman Saleh
Published: July 2022

This research investigates the strategies used by fansubbers to translate English culture-bound expressions into Arabic. It further investigates the functions of swear words and how the fansubber regenerated their functional connotations. The corpus of the study consists of English subtitles and Arabic fansubs of the Bad Boys movies. The researchers analyzed the data both quantitatively and qualitatively. The frameworks adopted in this research are the strategies proposed by Diaz-Cintas and Remael and the classification model of swear words presented by Ljung. The findings showed that the fansubber rendered the culture-bound expressions using seven strategies, the most dominant of which is omission at almost 37%. Other strategies varied in their percentage with: transposition, second-most utilized at 29%, followed by explicitation (25%), calques (8%), loanwords (0.2%), lexical creation (0.5%), and compensation (0.13%). The results showed that these strategies were sometimes wrongly used due to the lack of guidelines for fansubs. On the other hand, the dominant function of swearing used in the movie is the standalone one. Noticeably, the connotation of functional elements was often neglected by the fansubber. Thus, the fansubs were sometimes lacking in accuracy. Finally, the current research provides some implications and recommendations for translators when handling culture-bound expressions.
Correlation between lignin content and syringyl-to-guaiacyl (S/G) ratio of Eucalyptus globulus wood
Authors: Alves Ana , Rodrigues José C.
Published: July 2022

Eucalyptus globulus Labill is an important raw material for pulpwood for which low lignin content and high S/G ratios are important parameters. This work shows a highly significant positive and strong correlation between S/G ratio and acid-soluble lignin (ASL) content among E. globulus trees. Although significant, the negative correlation between the S/G ratio and Klason lignin is weak, and there is no correlation with total lignin content. The Klason residue has a lower S/G ratio than that of the original wood. This suggests that the contribution of the S units to the solubilisation of lignin in acidic conditions is not limited to the S units but also to the G units. This effect becomes more pronounced as the percentage of S units increases.
Numerical investigation of scrap melting in high-carbon hot metal
Authors: Zhou Xiaobin , Wang Wanxing , Di Zhanxia , He Qingling , Yue Qiang
Published: July 2022

Scrap melting in the steelmaking process has recently attracted considerable attention. This study developed a mathematical model to investigate the effects of sizes, initial temperatures and carbon contents of scrap, and bath flow on its melting behaviors. The results showed that the volume of the solidified shell on the melting interface could be decreased or eliminated by increasing the initial temperature of the scrap. The initial carbon content also significantly influenced the melting behavior. The completion melting time decreased from 253 to 80 s when the carbon content increased from 0.10% to 0.30%. Importantly, the natural convection or driven flow formed in the bath significantly influenced the melting behaviors. Moreover, the dominating factors changed as the melting proceeded. Therefore this study provides more insights into the melting behavior of the scrap during the steelmaking process at different operating conditions.
The deal.II library, Version 9.4
Authors: Arndt Daniel , Bangerth Wolfgang , Feder Marco , Fehling Marc , Gassmöller Rene , Heister Timo , Heltai Luca , Kronbichler Martin , Maier Matthias , Munch Peter , Pelteret Jean-Paul , Sticko Simon , Turcksin Bruno , Wells David
Published: July 2022

This paper provides an overview of the new features of the finite element library deal.II, version 9.4.
Symbolicity, language, and mediality
Authors: Elleström Lars
Published: July 2022

This article demonstrates the broad applicability of the concept of symbol in human communication, beyond but including verbal language. The starting point is Charles Sanders Peirce’s understanding of symbolicity as signification grounded on habits. The goal is to be able to conceptualize mediality in general and media interrelations, particularly in relation to symbolicity. Informed by a multimodal view on media, the author provides a systematic overview of symbolicity within the context of communication among human minds structured around two crossing parameters: symbols being limited or widespread among people and symbols not being part of or being part of systems – languages. Based on this overview, I clarify the role of culture in language notions and conceptualize language in relation to mediality. I also suggest a way of more precisely describing similarities and differences between languages and media types, without either conflating or totally separating the two concepts. Finally, I investigate how the dependence of language and media type conceptions on culture affects the idea of intermediality. Together, these investigations and conceptualizations promote a more comprehensive understanding of symbolicity in general and a deeper knowledge of the role of symbolicity in human communication, including verbal language, and intermedial relations involving all kinds of different media types.
Mechanical Properties and Pavement Usability of Modified Asphalt-Based Joint Material of Cement Concrete Pavement
Authors: Makombe Gerly Gildael , Wang Haisen , Xu Tao
Published: July 2022

The virgin-asphalt-based joint materials of cement concrete pavement are subjected to damages because of repeated vehicle load and environmental factors. The styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), shape memory polyurethane (PU), and organosilicon (OS) modified asphalt-based joint materials were prepared to improve mechanical properties and pavement usability of virgin-asphalt-based joint materials of cement concrete pavement. The tensile, compressive, shear property, low-temperature ductility, high-temperature fluidity, and elastic recovery performance were tested to select a suitable modifier and confirm its dosage for preparing modified asphalt-based joint material. Results indicate that mechanical properties, ductility, fluidity, and elastic recovery of asphalt joint materials are improved by SBS, PU, and OS modifiers. Especially, the modification effect of PU modifier at the dosage of 8 wt % is most satisfactory, successively followed by OS and SBS. The PU at the dosage of 8 % is proposed to develop a new modified asphalt-based joint material, reducing the failures of joint material and improving the durability of cement concrete pavement.
Informatization of Intelligent PC Preform Automatic Production Line Based on Genetic Algorithm for Future Smart Industry
Authors: Gan Yuanyan , Chen Qiang
Published: July 2022

The precast concrete (PC) preform automatic production line basically has no supporting enterprise resource planning (ERP) system and can only communicate information in the traditional way, which reduces work efficiency. ERP is an application that automates the business process and provides insights on marketing strategy. Therefore, the information research of the intelligent PC preform automatic production line based on a genetic algorithm is proposed. First, the core architecture of intelligent PC preform automatic production is proposed, then the core business process of PC factory is described, and the preform ERP core module is designed from multiple perspectives. According to the characteristics of genetic algorithm, the quantitative factor and proportional factor of the intelligent PC preform automatic production line transportation speed are calculated, the time-division control model of intelligent PC preform automatic production line transportation speed is established, and the calculation process of the quantitative factor and proportional factor is substituted to control the transportation speed of production line by time division. The experimental results show that after testing the control effect of the conveying speed of the production line, the convergence speed of the motor speed waveform, and the stability of the model, the information conveying speed of the intelligent PC preform automatic production line can be controlled by time, according to the instructions, and it has faster corresponding speed, higher stability, and smaller error in the process of controlling the production line.
Preoperative QRS Duration Predicts the Responsiveness of Chronic Heart Failure Patients with Pacemaker Indications to Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing Treatment
Authors: Chen Tian-ping , Geng Xu , Fang Ya-xing , Yin Yu-chun , Zhang Nai-ju
Published: July 2022

Background: This study investigated the predictive value of preoperative QRS duration (QRSd) in responsiveness of chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with pacemaker indications to the left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP).
Methods: Thirty-one CHF patients with cardiac function categorized as NYHA class II or above and indications for pacemaker therapy who successfully underwent LBBAP treatment were enrolled in this study. Based on the 12-month postoperative responsiveness to treatment, patients were divided into a responsiveness group (N = 16) and a no-responsiveness group (N = 15). Data from all patients were collected for analysis. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent factors associated with the responsiveness to LBBAP treatment.
Results: Among the 31 patients with LBBAP, 16 patients (51.6%) responded to the treatment, and 15 patients (48.4%) had no response. There were significant differences between the two groups with regard to complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB), preoperative QRSd, and preoperative left ventricular peak time (LVAT). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that CLBBB, preoperative QRSd, and preoperative LVAT all were significantly correlated with responsiveness to LBBAP. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that QRSd was an independent predictor of responsiveness to LBBAP. The maximum area under the ROC curve for QRSd was 0.827 (95%C.I.:0.663-0.991), the maximum Youden index was 0.679, with the optimal cutoff point of QRSd ≥ 153 ms, a sensitivity of 81.3%, and a specificity of 86.7%.
Conclusion: Preoperative QRSd predicts the responsiveness of CHF patients with pacemaker indications to LBBAP.
Breadlines, victory gardens, or human rights?: Examining food insecurity discourses in Canada
Authors: Tung Audrey , Rose-Redwood Reuban , Cloutier Denise
Published: July 2022

Long before the exacerbating effects of COVID-19, household food insecurity (HFI) has been a persistent yet hidden problem in wealthy nations such as Canada, where it has been perpetuated in part through dominant discourses and practices. In this critique of HFI-related frameworks, we suggest that discourses organized around the production and (re)distribution of food, rather than income inequality, have misdirected household food insecurity reduction activities away from the central issue of poverty, even inadvertently enabling the ongoing neoliberal “rollback” of safety net functions. Unlike most scholarship that focuses on the politics of food systems, or health research that insufficiently politicizes poverty, this analysis emphasizes the role of politics in income discourses. In spite of their contradictions, food-provisioning- and income-based discourses are potentially complementary in their shared recognition of the right to food. Operating from the perspective of political economic theory, we conceive of the right to food as a claim not only to a resource but also to membership within political communities that envision alternatives to neoliberalism as manifested in our labour, welfare, and food systems. In this sense, the right to food offers a unifying framework that links civil society with senior governments, collective action with legal instruments, and food and income concerns. HFI reduction activities organized around the right to food may thus aim to rectify cross-cutting imbalances in political and economic power.
An unconditional basic income is necessary but insufficient to transition towards just food futures
Authors: Power Elaine , McBay Aric
Published: July 2022

In food systems scholarship, the case for basic income to reduce food insecurity is well-established. Less well-appreciated is the potential for basic income to support young farmers, improve rural vitality, promote gender equality and racial justice in agriculture, and assist farmers in building resilience in the face of climate chaos and other overlapping crises. In and of itself, basic income cannot transform the food system. However, by guaranteeing an income floor and thus freedom from necessity, it could be a potent tool in radical, democratic struggles against systems of oppression and towards justice—in the food system and beyond.
Food activism and negotiating the gendered dynamics of public cultures of care
Authors: Lloro Teresa , González Frecia
Published: July 2022

A growing and significant research literature utilizes feminist frameworks to study relationships with food from a variety of vantage points. In this article, we are especially interested in feminist food sovereignty, feminist political ecology, and feminist theories of care, both because caring labor has been historically undervalued in food systems and because neoliberal modes of commodification and marketization have interpellated activists, scholar-activists, and activist-scholars into new ways of self-care and caring for others. To begin, we provide a brief overview of the places where we work, including the city of Pomona, the Pomona Valley Certified Farmers Market, and the Pomona Community Farmer Alliance (PCFA), a community organization and local activist collective. We then draw on nearly three years of participatory ethnographic work in this community to explore and theorize care work in local food systems activism. Our conceptual framework, framed by feminist food studies and theories of care, illuminates how PCFA members conceive of their own caring work in practice, as well as how they negotiate the complexities of caring for others and self, while being left by the state to do this work. We also explore how activists’ care practices sometimes lay bare structural inequalities and the failure of the state, while also reinforcing and challenging neoliberal ideologies embedded in volunteerism. To conclude, we discuss the gendered implications of our work for food systems research, specifically considering the complementarity of Progressive and Radical approaches to food systems transformation.
Hypercoagulability in COVID-19: from an unknown beginning to future therapies
Authors: Duca Stefania-Teodora , Costache Alexandru-Dan , Miftode Radu-Ștefan , Mitu Ovidiu , Petriș Antoniu-Octavian , Costache Irina-Iuliana
Published: July 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global public health concern and is characterized by an exaggerated inflammatory response that can lead to a large variety of clinical manifestations such as respiratory distress, sepsis, coagulopathy, and death. While it was initially considered primarily a respiratory illness, different data suggests that COVID-19 can lead to a pro-inflammatory milieu and a hypercoagulable state. Several mechanisms attempt to explain the pro-coagulant state seen in COVID-19 patients, including increased fibrinogen concentration, different receptor binding, exhausted fibrinolysis, cytokine storm, and endothelial dysfunction. Some hematological parameters, such as elevated D-dimers and other fibrinolytic products, indicate that the essence of coagulopathy is massive fibrin formation. Moreover, elevated D-dimer levels have emerged as an independent risk factor for a worse outcome, including death, indicating a potential risk for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism. Prophylactic anticoagulation is recommended in all in-patients with COVID-19 to reduce the incidence of thrombosis. Those with elevated D-dimer values or with a higher risk of developing thromboembolic events should be treated with higher doses of anticoagulant. Anticoagulation may not be enough in some circumstances, highlighting the need for alternative therapies. An understanding of the complex cross-talk between inflammation and coagulopathy is necessary for developing direct appropriate interventional strategies.
Adolescents’ knowledge, attitude and utilization of emergency contraceptive in Idjwi Island in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Masoda Maurice Nyamalyongo , Mukuku Olivier , Bondekwe Jean-Claude Atite , Kabesha Théophile Barhwamire , Tsongo Zacharie Kibendelwa , Wembonyama Stanis Okitotsho
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Unintended pregnancies are a major health problem and one of the main interventions to reduce unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions is the correct use of emergency contraception (EC). The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and utilization of EC among adolescent girls in Idjwi Island, Eastern of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 353 adolescent girls aged 15-24 who were recruited and who completed a pre-established questionnaire after they were accepted into the survey. Data collected were analyzed with STATA 16 software and the comparison of variables with the Chi-square test and a significance threshold of 5%. Results: We found that 293 (83.0%) reported having ever had sexual intercourse and 220 had heard of EC. The proportion of respondents with sufficient knowledge was 59.1% (130/220) and the assessment of attitude towards the EC shows that 81.8% (180/220) of the respondents had a positive attitude towards EC. Of 293 respondents who had ever had sexual intercourse, 148 (50.5%) reported having ever used EC. Respondents with a secondary educational level (adjusted odds ratio =14.3 [7.2-28.3]) and university educational level (adjusted odds ratio =4.8 [1.8-13.0]) were more likely to use EC compared to those with a primary educational level. Conclusion: The study shows that the level of EC utilization was medium in Idjwi Island. Educational level was a major predictor of EC utilization. Therefore, it is recommended that strategies be developed to improve EC utilization by increasing the level of EC awareness among adolescent girls.
Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome–Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis in a sedentary person
Authors: Luís Duarte Márcio
Published: July 2022

Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is one of the most common leg injuries in athletes who run. It's also the most frequent leg injury among militaries and athletes who jump, like basketball players and rhythmic gymnasts. The gold standard for diagnosis is the history and the physical examination, the imaging methods are important to make the correct diagnosis and to distinguish the MTSS among the differential diagnosis. Imaging studies can help on the diagnosis of MTSS and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is currently the most important method This article aims to report an unusual case of MTSS diagnosed by MRI in a sedentary person.
Afro-religions in Uruguay and their spread in contexts of poverty
Authors: Sotelo Victoria
Published: July 2022

This article explores the growing phenomenon of the spread of the Afro-American cults in Uruguay and the possible correlation with poverty. For those purposes, mixed research methods are used. Aspects such as the socioeconomic and educational situation of the followers of Afro-religions are approached quantitatively. On the other hand, the characteristics of the religious message, which causes this type of cult to have increasingly more followers in our country, are approached.
Creating of aviation part «Swirler» from Inconel 718 heat-resistant alloy by the technology of selective laser sintering
Authors:   Zaporizhia National University, Zaporizhia, Ukraine, Vodennikova O.S. , Koval M.O. ,   The Motor Sich Joint Stock Company, Zaporizhia, Ukraine, Vodennikov S.A. ,   National University "Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic", Zaporizhia, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

In order to solve the problems of improving the reliability and efficiency of aircraft engines, the paper considers as an alternative to traditional methods of obtaining aviation parts using additive production. According to the three-dimensional digital model (CAD/CAM/CAE-systems), additive technologies allow creating complex structures with high mechanical and operational characteristics. They must be complied with the standard ASTM F2792.1549323-1. The process of additive production is characterized by a sequence of operations: construction of a digital 3D–model → the choice of additive technology and its implementation → obtaining the finished part. In the work it is proposed to consider the possibility of growing the aircraft part «Swirler» from heat-resistant nickel alloy Inconel 718 by selective laser sintering technology in a 3D–printer type EOS M400 under the conditions of JSC «Motor Sich». Spherical nickel-based powders from Sino-Euro Materials Technologies of Xi'an Co., Ltd. were used as starting powder materials. (Sino Euro, China) and LPW Technology, Ltd (LPW, UK). The dependence of the mechanical and heat-resistant properties of the Inconel 718 alloy on the direction of growth of the part (in particular, the horizontal direction XY and the vertical direction Z) was established experimentally. Metallographic studies of Inconel 718 alloy samples before and after the heat treatment process were performed. With the help of Unigraphics NX 7.5, the modeling of an aircraft part was performed, which begins with the construction of a sketch, design of a digital 3D–model of the part and its editing. It is shown that the cultivation of the aviation part «Swirler» by the technology of selective laser sintering is characterized by: a smaller number of technological operations for the manufacture of «complex» in the geometric configuration of the part; reducing up to 6 times the lack of finished parts; reduction of material costs for equipment and additional machining; reduction to 12–17 % of the weight of the part in comparison with its metal analogue obtained by machining. Keywords: additive technologies, selective laser sintering, Inconel 718, 3D–model, aviation part.