bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOME ASPECTS OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS IN NEWBORNS FROM MOTHERS WITH CORONAVIRUS INFECTION SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19), INFECTED AT DIFFERENT TIMES OF PERINATAL PERIOD
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Loginova I. , Ustinovich A. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Alferovich E. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Payuk I. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Shnitko V. ,   Health care institution “3rd City Children's Clinical Hospital”
Published: September 2021

The problem of coronavirus infection has been the world’s concern since 2019. At the same time, the issues of infection of newborn children remain unclear, the issue of vertical transmission of the virus from mother to child is being discussed. The aim of our study was to study the features of the period of postnatal adaptation of newborns born to mothers with coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), taking into account the time of infection occurrence. We analyzed the features of the neonatal course in children from the mothers with confirmed Covid-19 infection (PCR RNA of SARS-Cov 2) revealed in the mothers either during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. When examining children, we used clinical, laboratory, and biochemical research methods. It was found that children whose mothers contracted coronavirus infection COVID-19 immediately before childbirth had an aggravated course of the neonatal period compared with children from mothers who had recovered in the middle of pregnancy, and the manifestations of infection and post-hypoxic syndrome were more pronounced in the former. Laboratory investigations proved that newborns from the mothers who fell ill shortly before childbirth had acute viral inflammation.
EXERCISE TOLERANCE TESTS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE, TESTING OF PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND REVASCULARIZATION
Authors:   Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Ushakova L. , Vertinsky E. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Shtonda M. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Semenenkov I. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education
Published: September 2021

Exercise tolerance test is one of the most commonly used non-invasive cardiac tests used to diagnose coronary heart disease, determine prognosis, and evaluate treatment. Treadmill test or bicycle ergometry allows determining how much more expensive and complex follow-up examination is necessary for the patient: myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with stress, stress echocardiography, multispiral computed tomography, as well as defining more clearly the indications for coronary angiography. The article presents modern ideas about a differentiated approach to performing exercise tolerance tests in patients with coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and revascularization.
Characteristics of surface energy balance and atmospheric circulation during hot-and-polluted episodes and their synergistic relationships with urban heat islands over the Pearl River Delta region
Authors: Nduka Ifeanyichukwu C. , Tam Chi-Yung , Guo Jianping , Yim Steve Hung Lam
Published: September 2021

Abstract. This study analyzed the nature, mechanisms and drivers
for hot-and-polluted episodes (HPEs) in the Pearl River Delta, China.
Numerical model simulations were conducted for the summer and autumn of
2009–2011. A total of eight HPEs were identified, mainly occurring in
August and September. K-means clustering was applied to group the HPEs into
three clusters based on their characteristics and mechanisms. We found three
HPEs were driven by weak subsidence and convection induced by approaching
tropical cyclones (TC-HPE) and two HPEs were controlled by calm (stagnant) conditions
(ST-HPE) with low wind speed in the lower atmosphere, whereas the remaining
three HPEs were driven by the combination (hybrid) of both aforementioned systems
(HY-HPE). A positive synergistic effect between the HPE and urban heat island (UHI; ∼ 1.1 ∘C increase) was observed in TC-HPE and ST-HPE, whereas no
discernible synergistic effect was found in HY-HPE. Total aerosol radiative
forcing (TARF) caused a reduction in temperature (0.5–1.0 ∘C) in
TC-HPE and ST-HPE but an increase (0.5 ∘C) in HY-HPE.
Water vapor anomaly over the tropical western Pacific in El Niño winters from radiosonde and satellite observations and ERA5 reanalysis data
Authors: Du Minkang , Huang Kaiming , Zhang Shaodong , Huang Chunming , Gong Yun , Yi Fan
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Using radiosonde observations at five stations in the tropical
western Pacific and reanalysis data for the 15 years from 2005 to 2019, we
report an extremely negative anomaly in atmospheric water vapor during the
super El Niño winter of 2015/16 and compare the anomaly with that in
the other three El Niño winters of the period. A strong specific humidity anomaly is
concentrated below 8 km of the troposphere with a peak at 2.5–3.5 km, and a
column-integrated water vapor mass anomaly over the five radiosonde sites
has a large negative correlation coefficient of −0.63 with the oceanic
Niño3.4 index but with a lag of about 2–3 months. In general, the
tropical circulation anomaly in the El Niño winter is characterized by
divergence (convergence) in the lower troposphere over the tropical western
(eastern) Pacific; thus, the water vapor decreases over the tropical western
Pacific as upward motion is suppressed. The variability of the Hadley
circulation is quite small and has little influence on the observed water
vapor anomaly. The anomaly of the Walker circulation makes a considerable
contribution to the total anomaly in all four El Niño winters,
especially in the 2006/07 and 2015/16 eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño
events. The monsoon circulation shows a remarkable change from one event to
another, and its anomaly is large in the 2009/10 and 2018/19 central Pacific
(CP) El Niño winters and small in the two EP El Niño winters. The
observed water vapor anomaly is caused mainly by the Walker circulation
anomaly in the super EP event of 2015/16 but is caused by the monsoon circulation
anomaly in the strong CP event of 2009/10. The roles of the Hadley, Walker,
and monsoon circulations in the EP and CP events are confirmed by the
composite EP and CP El Niños based on the reanalysis data for 41 years.
Owing to the anomalous decrease in upward transport of water vapor during
the El Niño winter, lower cloud amounts and more outgoing longwave
radiation over the five stations are clearly presented in satellite
observation. In addition, a detailed comparison of water vapor in the
reanalysis, radiosonde, and satellite data shows a fine confidence level for
the datasets; nevertheless, the reanalysis seems to slightly underestimate
the water vapor over the five stations in the 2009/10 winter.
Simulation-aided characterization of a versatile water condensation particle counter for atmospheric airborne research
Authors: Mei Fan , Spielman Steven , Hering Susanne , Wang Jian , Pekour Mikhail , Lewis Gregory , Schmid Beat , Tomlinson Jason , Havlicek Maynard
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Capturing the vertical profiles and horizontal variations of atmospheric aerosols often requires accurate airborne measurements. With the advantage of avoiding health and safety concerns related to the use of butanol or other chemicals, a water-based condensation particle counter (wCPC) has emerged to provide measurements under various environments. However, the airborne deployment of wCPC is relatively rare due to the lack of characterization of wCPC performance. This study investigates the performance of a commercial "versatile" water CPC (vWCPC Model 3789, TSI) under low-pressure conditions. The effect of conditioner temperature on wCPC performance at low pressure is examined through numerical simulation and laboratory experiments. We show that the default instrument temperature setting of 30 °C for the conditioner is not suitable for airborne measurement and that the optimal conditioner temperature for low-pressure operation is 27 °C. Additionally, we show that insufficient droplet growth becomes more significant under the low-pressure operation. The variation in the chemical composition can contribute up to 20 % uncertainty in the counting efficiency of the wCPC, but this variation is independent of pressure.
Late Pleistocene glacial chronologies and paleoclimate in the northern Rocky Mountains
Authors: Quirk Brendon , Huss Elizabeth , Laabs Benjamin , Leonard Eric , Licciardi Joseph , Plummer Mitchell , Caffee Marc
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The geologic record of mountain glaciations is a robust indicator of terrestrial paleoclimate change. During the last glaciation, mountain ranges across the western U.S. hosted glaciers while the Cordilleran and Laurentide ice sheets flowed to the west and east of the continental divide, respectively. Records detailing the chronologies and paleoclimate significance of these ice advances have been developed for many sites across North America. However, relatively few glacial records have been developed for mountain glaciers in the northern Rocky Mountains near ice sheet margins. Here, we report cosmogenic beryllium-10 surface exposure ages and numerical glacier modeling results showing that mountain glaciers in the northern Rockies abandoned terminal moraines after the end of the Last Glacial Maximum around 17–18 ka and could have been sustained by −10 to −8.5 °C temperature depressions relative to modern assuming similar or drier than modern precipitation. Additionally, we present a deglacial chronology from the northern Rocky Mountains that indicates while there is considerable variability in initial moraine abandonment ages across the Rocky Mountains, the pace of subsequent ice retreat through the Lateglacial exhibits some regional coherence. Our results provide insight on potential regional mechanisms driving the initiation of and sustained deglaciation in the western U.S. including rising atmospheric CO2 and ice sheet collapse.
Efficient ensemble generation for uncertain correlated parameters in atmospheric chemical models: a case study for biogenic emissions from EURAD-IM version 5
Authors: Vogel Annika , Elbern Hendrik
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Atmospheric chemical forecasts heavily rely on various model parameters, which are often insufficiently known, such as emission rates and deposition velocities.
However, a reliable estimation of resulting uncertainties with an ensemble of forecasts is impaired by the high dimensionality of the system.
This study presents a novel approach, which substitutes the problem into a low-dimensional subspace spanned by the leading uncertainties.
It is based on the idea that the forecast model acts as a dynamical system inducing multivariate correlations of model uncertainties.
This enables an efficient perturbation of high-dimensional model parameters according to their leading coupled uncertainties.
The specific algorithm presented in this study is designed for parameters that depend on local environmental conditions
and consists of three major steps: (1) an efficient assessment of various sources of model uncertainties spanned by independent sensitivities, (2) an efficient extraction of leading coupled uncertainties using eigenmode decomposition, and (3) an efficient generation of perturbations for high-dimensional parameter fields by the Karhunen–Loéve expansion. Due to their perceived simulation challenge,
the method has been applied to biogenic emissions of five trace gases, considering state-dependent sensitivities to local atmospheric and terrestrial conditions.
Rapidly decreasing eigenvalues state that highly correlated uncertainties of regional biogenic emissions can be represented by a low number of dominant components.
Depending on the required level of detail, leading parameter uncertainties with dimensions of 𝒪(106) can be represented by a low number of about 10 ensemble members.
This demonstrates the suitability of the algorithm for efficient ensemble generation for high-dimensional atmospheric chemical parameters.
PREFACE: PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE OF DIGITAL CULTURAL HERITAGE
Authors: Dang A.
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Co-hosted by Tsinghua University, ICOMOS China, Tsinghua Heritage Institute for Digitization, and Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, the CIPA2021 symposium (28th biennial symposium of the international scientific committee for documentation of cultural heritage) was held online successfully at Tsinghua University during August 28th to September 1st, 2021. This is the first time CIPA held a biennial symposium in mainland of China and in online format since its establishment in 1968. The theme of the symposium is “Great Learning & Digital Emotion”. During the 5-day online symposium, opening ceremony & keynote-speech session-1, education session, outstanding youth forum, 12 sub-theme forums, and keynote-speech session-2 & closing ceremony were organized, which included 130 more presentations and attracted more than 1,000 online participants from more than 30 countries on five continents to conduct academic exchanges and seminars.Among all the presentations, four of them are keynote speeches. These include: 1) “deep learning for cultural heritage” by Professor Christian Heipke (President of ISPRS), 2) “space technology in support of world heritage” by Professor Huadong Guo (Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences), 3) “digital culture heritage and territorial spatial planning — China's practice and perspective” by Professor Jun Chen (Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering), and 4) “documentation — foundation of any heritage policy” by Professor Teresa Patrício (President of ICOMOS). Besides these keynotes, all other 120 more presentations are selected from the publication papers of ISPRS Annals and Archives.The progress and prospects of research and practice of digital cultural heritage all over the world can be summarized as theory, technology, and method of CHIM that will be described as follows. Basically, CHIM refers of Cultural Heritage Information Modelling. However, based on CIPA2021 symposium and the paper publications, CHIM is not just Modelling and Model, but the current progress and future prospects of digital cultural heritage research and practice, such as “C” represents Collection, Collaboration, Coordination, and Conference; “H” represents High-Speed, High-Quality, High-Tech. and High-Education; “I” represents Integration, Interpret, International, and Intelligent; and “M” represents Multi-Classes, Methodology, Multidisciplinary, and Management. And all of the aspects are included into the following table (see Table 1) and it is clear that CHIM is not only a Model for documentation but also a platform for future intelligent conservation.
Libros en los Andes. La biblioteca robada del cura indígena Fernando Ramos Titu Atauchi (1809)
Authors: Gehbald Agnes , Zegarra Moretti Carlos
Published: September 2021

La biblioteca del cura indígena Fernando Ramos Titu Atauchi revela una historia de los libros como objetos en los Andes rurales en el Virreinato del Perú, un espacio que habitualmente no era asociado con la lectura. En la primera década del siglo XIX, la colección de libros del doctrinero sufrió una drástica disminución en la doctrina altoandina, un área alejada de los circuitos más activos de comercio libresco en la época. Enfocándose en el estudio de la biblioteca, el artículo discute la noción del libro a fines del periodo virreinal, incluyendo temas como las vías de alfabetización, la posesión de libros por indígenas y los mecanismos de adquisición de estos bienes en el altiplano peruano. Seguidamente, el estudio se centra en la colección recopilada en Umachiri (Puno, Perú) por el eclesiástico indígena, resaltando la extensión y, sobre todo, la temática religiosa de los títulos reunidos, en donde sobresale el Ritual formulario (1631) de Juan Pérez Bocanegra, manual catequético publicado en quechua cusqueño. Por último, considerando el entorno cercano del cura Fernando, el artículo ofrece una explicación para la disminución de la colección, prestando atención al valor simbólico y económico de los libros. Con todo ello se plantea una nueva interpretación del significado de la cultura de la impresión en las comunidades indígenas a finales de la época colonial.
Az értelmi akadályozottság változó interdiszciplináris értelmezése és kontextusa
Authors: Dunás-Varga Ildikó , Barthel Betty , Kármán Bianka , Szekeres Ágota
Published: September 2021

Tanulmányunkban áttekintjük az értelmi akadályozottság fogalmát, elindulunk a múltból, majd a jelenből kiindulva eljutunk a jövőig. A múlt kapcsán felelevenítjük azokat a definíciós törekvéseket, amelyek meghatározóak voltak a célcsoporttal kapcsolatos legújabb megközelítések és aktuális dilemmák szempontjából. Végül megpróbálkozunk azzal, hogy a magyar célcsoportdefiníciókat a fogyatékosság főbb megközelítési modelljei szerint kategorizáljuk. Tisztázzuk az értelmi fogyatékosság, az intellektuális képességzavar, az értelmi akadályozottság és a tanulási akadályozottság fogalmak viszonyát, elsősorban a gyógypedagógia nézőpontjából.

Láthatóvá válik a fogalmi megközelítések változásain keresztül a klasszifikációs rendszerek feloldódása, az adaptív funkciók előtérbe kerülése az intelligenciahányadossal szemben.

Nagy hangsúlyt fektetünk az emberi jogi modell bemutatására, ami az egyes ember közösségi, társadalmi környezetének jelentőségére és felelősségére fókuszál. Így eljutunk a társadalmi szerepvállalás kiemelten fontos kérdésköréig.

A jövőkép kapcsán megállapítjuk, hogy az emberi jogi és támogatási szükségletalapú megközelítés már jelentős hatással van a tudományterület és a képzés fejlődésére is. Ezt a személetet bővítheti az evidenciaalapú gyakorlat megjelenése és a szolgáltatásalapú szemlélet itthoni meghonosodása is.

A tudományterület az elmúlt évtizedekben dinamikus fejlődésen ment keresztül, és ez még most sem ért véget. Ezért fontosnak tartjuk, hogy legyen egy olyan összefoglaló tanulmány a folyamatok múltbeli és jövőbeli alakulásáról, amely segít eligazodni a kifejezések és értelmezések sokszínűségében.

Kulcsszavak: értelmi akadályozottság, intellektuális képességzavar, fogalmak, támogatási szükséglet, fogyatékosságmegközelítési modellek, klasszifikáció
Használható és hatékony? – Az Alapozó Terápia evidenciái és alkalmazásának lehetősége értelmileg akadályozott gyermekek fejlesztésében
Authors: Förhécz Noémi , Kiss Éva , Beák-Faggyas Felícia , Czinkéné Gál Anikó , Győri Adrienn , Fazekas Dorottya , Kármán Bianka
Published: September 2021

Háttér és célok: A mozgásterápiák népszerűsége az utóbbi évtizedekben jelentősen megnőtt, tehát tudományos hátterüknek vizsgálata elengedhetetlennek látszik. Összefoglaló tanulmányunk célja a mozgásterápiák közül az Alapozó Terápiát megalapozó szakmai elméletek, valamint az eljárással kapcsolatos kutatási eredmények bemutatása, illetve az alkalmazás indikációinak és lehetőségeinek vizsgálata, különös tekintettel értelmileg akadályozott gyermekek számára.

Módszer: Vizsgálatunkat átfogó szakirodalmi elemzéssel, az elérhető szakmai publikációk eredményeinek feltárásával, elemzésével és ezek összevetésével végeztük.

Eredmények: Magyar fejlesztésű eljárás lévén, nemzetközi kitekintésre nem volt lehetőség, így a feldolgozható szakirodalmak mennyisége korlátozott. Összesen kilenc releváns publikációt azonosítottunk és dolgoztunk fel, ezek közül kettő foglalkozik kifejezetten értelmileg akadályozott gyermekek fejlesztésével. A tanulmányok a minta mérete és az alkalmazott módszertanok tekintetében is sokszínű képet mutatnak. Az eljárás és a populáció sajátosságaiból adódóan is a megfelelő hatékonyságvizsgálathoz komplex módszertanra van szükség.

Következtetések: A feldolgozott szakirodalmak alapján az Alapozó Terápia hatékonyságát erős szakmai konszenzus övezi. Az Alapozó Terápia elősegíti a mozgás fejlődését és kiegészítő eljárásként hozzájárulhat az iskolai beváláshoz szükséges készségek terén elmaradást mutató gyermekek fejlesztéséhez. Az eljárás evidenciaalapú ajánlásához további, pontos és kontrollált módszertannal rendelkező, nagymintás vizsgálatokra lenne szükség. A célcsoport és a hatékonyság pontos meghatározása után, a jelenlegi vizsgálatok alapján az eljárás valószínűsíthetően jól adaptálható az értelmileg akadályozott gyermekek számára.

Kulcsszavak: Alapozó Terápia, értelmi akadályozottság, mozgásterápia, mozgásfejlesztés, evidenciaalapú gyakorlat
Értelmileg akadályozott gyermekeket nevelő-oktató gyógypedagógusok tapasztalatai a szülőkkel való kapcsolattartásról
Authors: Burján Bernadett , Barthel Betty
Published: September 2021

Háttér és célok: Kutatásunk az értelmileg akadályozott gyermekekkel foglalkozó gyógypedagógusok és szülők kapcsolattartási mintázatait vizsgálja a gyógypedagógusok szemszögéből, kitérve az alkalmazott kapcsolattartási formákra, a kapcsolattartás során érintett tartalmakra, a kapcsolathoz fűződő benyomásokra és érzésekre, valamint esetleges javaslataikra, melyek a jövőben bővíthetik a gyógypedagógusok eszköztárát a kapcsolattartás tükrében. A téma jelentősége a gyógypedagógiai nevelés-oktatásban jellemző multidiszciplináris teamek fontosságában rejlik, aminek mai értelmezésben a szülő is részese. Az elmúlt években a téma nagyobb teret kapott az oktatáspolitikai és társadalmi változások nyomán, azonban a kutatások főként többségi pedagógusokra és szülőkre fókuszálnak, holott az értelmileg akadályozottak pedagógiája területén mindig is kiemelt jelentőségű volt a szülőkkel való együttműködés.

Célunk, hogy feltárjuk a gyógypedagógusok kapcsolattartási szokásainak mintázatait, felmérjük a kapcsolathoz fűződő érzelmeiket, benyomásaikat, valamint a kapcsolattartáshoz fűződő javaslataikat, igényeiket, s ezen eredmények alapján felismerjünk a gyakorlatban is hasznosítható támogatási lehetőségeket, valamint feltérképezzük azokat a területeket, melyeket szükséges volna tovább vizsgálni.

Módszer: Kutatásunk módszeréül az online önkitöltős kérdőívet választottuk, amihez 17 kérdéses kérdőívet állítottunk össze a feldolgozott kutatások alapján.

Eredmények: A kapcsolattartási formák tekintetében a válaszadók a párbeszédre alkalmas módszereket preferálják és ezeket is ítélik leghasznosabbnak; a vártnál magasabb arányban jelent meg a közösségi média használata. A válaszadók háromnegyede pozitívnak értékeli a szülőkkel való kapcsolatát. Tartalom tekintetében főként a gyermeket közvetlenül érintő kérdésekről beszélnek.

Következtetések: A kapcsolattartási formák alkalmazási gyakorisága összefüggést mutat hasznosságuk megítélésével. Az 1-5 éve pályán lévő válaszadók az átlagnál alacsonyabb arányban érzik magukat maximálisan felkészültnek és elégedettnek, ők igényelnék leginkább az ezirányú továbbképzéseket és saját kommunikációjuk fejlesztését. Hasonló tendenciát találtunk a több mint 15 éve pályán lévő gyógypedagógusoknál is, érdemes volna tehát mind a pályakezdők lehetséges támogatását, mind a több mint 15 éve pályán lévő gyógypedagógusok elégedettség-érzésének befolyásoló tényezőit – mint a kiégés, oktatáspolitikai és családszerkezeti változások – vizsgálni. Ezen felül érdemes lenne vizsgálni, hogy a közösségi média térnyerése milyen hatással van a gyógypedagógusok és szülők kapcsolattartására.

Kulcsszavak: Szülő-gyógypedagógus kapcsolat, szülő-gyógypedagógus kommunikáció, kapcsolattartás, szülői bevonódás
Értelmileg akadályozott, középsúlyosan értelmi fogyatékos munkavállalók a vendéglátásban
Authors: Virág Hanna , Dunás-Varga Ildikó
Published: September 2021

Háttér és célok: A fogyatékos személyek munkavállalása alacsony mértékű, ezt hazai viszonylatban a KSH 2011. évi népszámlálási adatai is megerősítik. Az értelmi fogyatékos személyek elhelyezkedési aránya különösen a vendéglátás területén alig mérhető. Célcsoportunk, az értelmileg akadályozott, középsúlyosan értelmi fogyatékos személyek munkavállalásáról még ennél is kevesebbet tudunk.

Módszer: Kényelmi mintavétellel félig strukturált egyéni interjúk készültek munkáltatókkal és középsúlyosan értelmi fogyatékos munkavállalókkal a vendéglátás területén, három közismert szervezetnél, Budapest és Fejér megyében. Az interjúelemzés során tartalmi összegzést alkalmaztunk az interjú témakörei mentén.

Eredmények: A kutatás alátámasztotta azt a feltételezésünket a megkérdezettek körében, hogy az akkreditált vendéglátóipari szervezetek alkalmaznak középsúlyosan értelmi fogyatékos személyeket. A készségfejlesztő iskolákban szerzett konyhai kisegítő tanúsítvány nem jelent előnyt a kiválasztás során. Az inklúzióban, az érintettek társadalmi szerepvállalásában nagy jelentőséggel bír a mindennapos munkába járás, a vendégekkel és a munkatársakkal való kommunikáció és együttműködés, továbbá a szabadidős programokon való részvétel.

Következtetések: Az eredmények alapján megállapítható, hogy a vendéglátásban az akkreditált foglalkoztatási forma nagyban támogatja az értelmileg akadályozott személyek munkavállalását. Az előzetes tanulmányok kevésbé, míg a támogató családi háttér, illetve a munkatapasztalatok nagyban hozzájárulnak az adott munkakör elsajátításához. A szociális kapcsolatok és a szabadidős tevékenységek erősítik a társadalmi részvételt.

Kulcsszavak: értelmi akadályozottság, középsúlyos értelmi fogyatékosság, vendéglátás, foglalkoztatás, társadalmi inklúzió
Physical and geographical characteristics and ichthyofauna of local reservoirs of the East Kazakhstan region
Authors: Kasymkhanov A.
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of research work carried out in 2020 on the reservoirs of local significance of the East Kazakhstan region. Research works were carried out on the lakes Saryolen, Arasan and Batyrkhankol of the Kurchum district; the reservoir on the Kandysu River in the Tarbagatai district; reservoirs No. 2 and No. 3 on the Ulan River in the Ulan district; Lake Alimba on the territory of the city administration of Semey; Lake Dolonskoye in the Beskaragai district of the East Kazakhstan region. The physical and geographical characteristics of the studied reservoirs are described. The species composition of the ichthyofauna of reservoirs of local significance in the East Kazakhstan region is presented. The biological analysis of commercial fish species by age, length, weight, Fulton fatness coefficient, and sex ratio is also carried out. The results of the research work are summed up.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Giberelin (Ga3) Dan Lama Perendaman Dalam Meningatkan Perkecambahan Benih Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Varietas Ciherang (Kadaluarsa)
Authors: Mubarok Azhar , Mutakin Jenal , Fajarfika Resti
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi konsentrasiGA3danlamanyaperendamandalammeningkatkanperkecambahanbenihpadi(OryzaSativaL.)varietasCiherangkadaluarsadenganmetodepengujianviabilitasdanvigor.Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai September 2019 di Laboratoriumterpadu Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Garut Kecamatan Tarogong Kabupaten Garut,Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan menggunakan Rancangan AcakLengkap(RAL)polafaktorial5x3dengan3ulangan.Faktorpertamaadalahkonsentrasi  GA3 (G),  terdiri  dari  kontrol positif (g0), kontrol negatif (g1), konsentrasiGA3 8 ppm (g2), konsentrasi GA3 16 ppm (g3), konsentrasi GA3 24 ppm (g4). Faktorkeduaadalahlamanyaperendaman(P),12jam(p1),24jam(p2),36jam(p3).Parameteryang  diamati  adalah  kadar  air,  kecepatan  tumbuh, indeks vigor, daya berkecambah,potensi tumbuh maksimum, panjang kecambah dan berat kering kecambah  normal.HasilpenelitianmenunjukaninteraksiantarakonsentrasiGA3danlamanyaperendaman  terhadap  kecepatan  tumbuh  pada  uji  viabilitas  dan  tidak  terjadi interaksiterhadapkecepatantumbuhujivigor,indeksvigor,dayaberkecambah,potensitumbuhmaksimum, panjang kecambah dan berat kering kecambah normal pada uji viabilitasdanvigor.Katakunci: Ciherang,Giberelin,Perendaman,Viabilitas,Vigor.
Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Pupuk Kandang Dan Frekuensi Penyiangan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Selada Keriting (Lactuca sativaL.)
Authors: Sani Oryza Affandina , Nafi’ah Hanny Hidayati , Satia Novriza
Published: September 2021

Manure is a fertilizer that is widely used in organic agriculture. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a best combination of manure used and weeding frequency on plant growth  and  yields.  The  research  was  done  in Cimaragas, CilawuDistrict, GarutRegency  from August to September 2020. The research used an experimental method with factorial randomized block  design  (FRBD)  consisted  of 2treatment  factors  with 3replications,  namely:  First treatment  (Types  of  Manure)  consisted  of  goat  manure (k1),cow  manure (k2),chicken  manure (k3),and  NPK  fertilizer (k0)as  control.  Second  treatment  (Weeding  frequency)  consisted  of without  weeding (p0),2times  of  weeding (p1),and4times  of  weeding (p2).The  results  showed that  there  was  an  interaction  on  the  observation  parameters  of  dry  weight  and  leaf  area  of  the plant. The combination that gives the best influence was cow manure with 2times of weeding.Keyword: lettuce, manure, weeding
El olvido en la justicia digital: un derecho fundamental autónomo
Authors: Cerón Gracia María Fernanda , Dorado Sandoval Stephany , Rodrigo Coll Alex , Restrepo Rodríguez Rubén Darío
Published: September 2021

La información sensible de las personas, contenida y gestionada a través de dispositivos y mecanismos tecnológicos, ha generado una latente tensión entre varios derechos fundamentales como el acceso a la justicia y la intimidad, porque no se vislumbra una efigie jurídica que establezca límites concretos cuando aquellos entran en contacto. Con el presente artículo se pretende, en esa medida, demostrar que en la era digital —y de manera más específica, en la justicia digital— la información sensible de las personas exige un halo de protección autónomo y fundamentalque no está presente en la conexidad como apuesta teórica actual y que, además, dicha categoría diezma la esfera de protección presente en esta prerrogativa que sí se concibe como un derecho fundamental autónomo.
Los trabajos en la Gig Economy: una mirada desde la precarización laboral
Authors: Bedoya Dorado Cristian , Peláez León Juan David
Published: September 2021

Diversos países a nivel mundial han visto un crecimiento exponencial en el número de trabajos independientes o autónomos no estándar a través de plataformas digitales. La literatura académica reconoce que este tipo de actividades se circunscriben en el marco de la Gig Economy o economía independiente, la cual desdibuja las reglas de los trabajos tradicionales, y evidencia nuevos modelos de negocios mediados por la revolución tecnológica. En el presente artículo se analizan las características de los trabajos que se desarrollan en el marco de la Gig Economy. El análisis se realizó desde una lectura de la precarización laboral a partir de los aportes teóricos que se han desarrollado en los debates de los cambios contemporáneos del mundo del trabajo y las organizaciones. Se concluye que este tipo de economías promueven el trabajo precario y plantean diferentes retos para la gestión de recursos humanos y los gobiernos en materia de legislación laboral.
Diagnostics and treatment
of hemodynamic disorders
in cancer patients:
current trends and own experience
Authors: Arynov A. A. , Shapatova N. Z. , Smagina I. M.
Published: September 2021

Relevance: Hemodynamic disorders occupy a central

position among pathological syndromes in patients receiving intensive care. Still, their diagnostics and treatment are

sometimes delayed, and hemodynamic parameters and

types of blood circulation are misinterpreted. This adds to

the severity of such disorders and increases mortality.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the diagnostics and treatment of hemodynamic disorders in cancer

patients.

Results: The applied methods of clinical diagnostics

and non-invasive monitoring of hemodynamic parameters

correlated well with invasive monitoring methods and have

proven useful in the everyday practice of intensive care.

Conclusion: A combination of methods of clinical diagnosis of hemodynamic disorders and with modern non-invasive methods of measuring central hemodynamics parameters allows for earlier and more accurate diagnostics

and correction of hemodynamic disorders in the perioperative period in cancer patients.
Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma /
atypical smooth muscle sarcoma
Authors: Satbayeva E. B. , Muchametgaliev N. A. , Iskakova E. E.
Published: September 2021

Relevance: Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma is a rare primary

dermal neoplasm, accounting for up to 2-3% of all superficial

sarcomas. It can occur at any age, most likely between the ages

of 50 and 70 years. This tumor has a high recurrence potential

in case of insufficiently deep excision. Recurrent tumors are

more aggressive and characterized by subsequent metastasis.

The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the results

of the histopathological examination of a cutaneous leiomyosarcoma / atypical smooth muscle tumor.

Results: Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma was represented by

spindle-shaped cells with high cellularity located in bundles

and growing expansively, surrounded by a capsule. The nuclei

of the cells were elongated, hyperchromic. Cells with atypical

abnormal nuclei were present in smaller quantities. The mitoses, including atypical, were numerous. IHC staining for SMA,

Desmin, H-Caldesmon – diffusely positive on tumor cells. The

reaction for S100, Myogenin – negative.

Conclusion: A cutaneous leiomyosarcoma can be finally

diagnosed only after a pathomorphological examination of

the specimen and differential diagnostics using additional research methods.
Immediate results
of electrochemotherapy for malignant
tumors of the skin and soft tissues,
cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases
of melanoma
Authors: Tuleuova D. A. , Serikbaev G. A. , Kurmanaliev A. K. , Pysanova J. U. , Najibulo Sh. P. , Voskanyan E. A.
Published: September 2021

Relevance: Surgical removal of locally advanced forms of

skin cancer and multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma does not always provide satisfactory aesthetic,

functional, and long-term results. The treatment outcomes depend on the size, shape, location, and some other characteristics

of the tumor. The relapse rate after surgical removal of locally

advanced skin cancer is 12.5-34%, and the long-term survival of

patients with cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma does not exceed 30%. Cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma and some superficial tumors are usually

initially inoperable. Their complications such as bleeding, infection, pain, and pitting cause serious clinical problems and often

require local therapy even at the 4th stage of the disease.

Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is one of the modern treatment

methods for skin cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, and metastatic melanoma. ECT is a treatment of choice in the presence of

contraindications to surgical and radiation therapy. ECT combines the physical properties of current-induced electroporation with the chemical properties of chemotherapeutic drugs.

In this method, an electric current affecting the tissue causes

a temporary increase in cell membrane permeability, thereby

providing free access to the cell of large molecules, including

cytostatics, which are not initially transferred to the cytosol.

This significantly increases the potential toxicity of cytostatics.

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the immediate results of ECT in patients with malignant tumors of the

skin, soft tissue, cutaneous, and subcutaneous melanoma metastases.

Results: Since 2017, 27 patients were treated by ECT at

the Centre for bone and soft tissue tumors and melanomas

of Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology (Almaty, Kazakhstan). After two months, 67% of patients had a complete

response (CR), 26% – a partial response (PR), and 7% had progression of the tumor. Side effects included local edema (n=13,

40%) which independently disappeared within several days

to 2 weeks, local pains (12%) which disappeared within six

months after treatment in 3% and within a month in 11% of

patients, and hyperthermia in the early postoperative period in

6% of patients which was stopped within 10-15 min after the

procedure
The use of in vivo dosimetry within the combined
treatment of uterine corpus cancer
Authors: SUKHINA O. M. , SUKHIN V. S. , RADZISHEVSKA Y. B. , SІMBІROVA A. S.
Published: September 2021

Relevance: Radiotherapy is the standard post-surgery treatment in patients with uterine corpus cancer. However, radiotherapy affects 90.0–100.0% of the volume of risk organs. Information on the actual dose delivered to critical structures is

needed to ensure the quality of radiotherapy.

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the type of ionizing radiation on the dose load on the rectal

mucosa using in vivo dosimetry.

Results: At the first and tenth sessions of treatment using a cobalt apparatus, the in vivo dosimetry showed that the minimum value of the dose received during the tenth cycle was higher by 0.1 Gy. That is, the deviations from the planned dose were

less at the same maximum values. Both the average value and the median during the tenth cycle were also moderately higher.

The relative difference between the dose planned and received during the tenth cycle was higher than during the first cycle by

an average of 1.12575%, with a median of 0.82214. When conducting radiotherapy using a linear accelerator, the average and

median values were higher in the second measurement despite almost identical minimum and maximum values. The relative

difference between the planned and received doses during the tenth cycle was higher than during the first cycle by an average

of 0.55619%, with a median of 0.42948.

Conclusion: The conducted study showed an intro- and interindividual variability of in vivo dosimetry results during radiotherapy of genital cancer patients. In vivo dosimetric control showed that the relative difference between the doses calculated

and received by the rectal mucosa upon reaching of 20.0 Gy dose in comparison to the first irradiation cycle was twice higher

on the ROCUS-AM cobalt apparatus vs. the Clinac 600 C linear accelerator.

The data obtained during the investigation indicates the need to develop innovative approaches to topometric preparation

of genital cancer patients and to continue their dosimetric monitoring to establish the causes of discrepancies in the results.
On the history of the study of malignant tumors
and the organization of the cancer service
in Kazakhstan
Authors: DYNYAK А. К.
Published: September 2021

Relevance: Ivan Petrovich Pavlov once said, «Never grasp the next without mastering the previous.» Current scientific studies on cancer, and not only cancer, make little use of the historical method. However, the analysis of an issue in the dynamics

of historical development contributes to better understanding and making sound decisions. The materials on morbidity, mortality, the history of cancer research, and the development of the cancer service in Kazakhstan contribute to the formation of

historical thinking and erudition.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the cancer incidence in Kazakhstan based on the materials of scientific works of

N.F. Kramchaninov of 1960-1970s and to uncover the directions and results relevant today.

Results: Kazakhstani scientists have actively and fruitfully participated in the study of cancer epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and prevention. Cancer diseases have been reported starting from the XIX century, with a constant growth trend. The

role of UV rays in skin cancer etiology was studied for a long time and in detail; specific preventive measures were proposed.

Conclusion: The results obtained by researchers of past years deserve a thorough analysis, use in current conditions, and

further research.
Changes in the assessments of cancer service
indicators in cervical cancer in Kazakhstan
Authors: IGISSINOV N. S. , TELMANOVA Zh. B. , IGISSINOVA G. S. , BILYALOVA Z. A. , KULMIRZAYEVA D. M.
Published: September 2021

About 800 thousand new cases of cervical cancer (CC) are predicted, and it is expected that about 460 thousand women will

die from this pathology, according to the forecasts of the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2040. To this aim, an

analysis studying the indicators of the cancer service for CC also allows us to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-cancer measures

in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Aim: Evaluate some indicators of the cancer service at CC in Kazakhstan for 2009-2018.

Materials and methods. The research material was data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan – annual

form No.7 and 35 regarding CC (ICD10–C53) for 2009-2018 – incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification. A retrospective study using descriptive and analytical methods of biomedical statistics was used as the main method.

Results and discussion. For 2009-2018, 16,441 new cases of CC were registered in the Republic for the first time, and

6,461 women died from this disease. The crude CC incidence rate increased from 16.3±0.4‰ (2009) to 19.5±0.5‰ in 2018

(p=0.000). In dynamics, mortality rates from CC tended to decrease from 8.4±0.3‰ (2009) to 6.4±0.3‰ in 2018 (р=0.000).

The research of the study period reveals a trend: early diagnosis indicators (specific weight of patients with I-II stage) improved

from 79.8% (2009) to 88.1% in 2018, and accordingly the specific weight of neglected patients significantly decreased with

stage III (from 15.4% to 8.9%) and with stage IV (from 3.4% to 2.7%). The morphological verification indicators for CC remained

virtually unchanged, remaining fairly high 99.2% and 99.3%, respectively, in 2009 and 2018.

Conclusion. An analysis of the indicators of the cancer service in CC revealed an improvement in morphological verification

and early diagnosis, a decrease in neglect and mortality rates, which is undoubtedly associated with regular anti-cancer activities in Kazakhstan, in particular CC screening.
Gender-related trends
in key epidemiological indicators of lung cancer
in the Republic of Kazakhstan, 2014-2018
Authors: MAKAROV V. , KAIDAROVA D. , YESSENTAYEVA S. , KALMATAYEVA ZH. , KADYRBAYEVA R.
Published: September 2021

Relevance: Over the past decades, lung cancer (LC) incidence worldwide is adding about 1.5% each year. The risk of LC

development increases 4-5 times with age. The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) in LC is the most unfavorable – up to 95.6%

of patients die.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiological situation with lung cancer in the Republic of Kazakhstan

over the past five years, with the assessment of key epidemiological indicators by gender.

Results: In the previous five years (2014-2018), the men to women ratio among LC patients was equal to 4.2:1 and remained

stable. A gradual decline in mortality (16‰ in 2014 to 12.9‰ in 2018) correlated with the MIR dynamic pattern (67.5% in

2014 to 60.0% in 2018). The standardized LC incidence in men was declining steadily (46.8‰ in 2014 to 43.0‰ in 2018). A

more evident decrease in male mortality from LC (32.0‰ in 2014 to 24.2‰ in 2018) was due to the progress recently achieved

in LC diagnostics and treatment in the Republic of Kazakhstan. On the contrary, the LC incidence in women increased by 2.6% a

year (7.6‰ in 2014 to 7.8‰ in 2018). The female mortality from LC was declining steadily (4.6‰ in 2014 to 3.5‰ in 2018),

with a negative growth rate of minus 31.4%.

Conclusion: The analysis of epidemiologic indicators for LC in the Republic of Kazakhstan showed a general downward

trend in incidence and mortality regardless of gender. However, we can expect an increase in the female incidence of LC in sync

with the global trend. The study period has witnessed the improvement in both the primary diagnostics (due to the renewal of

diagnostic equipment in the country) and treatment of LC (through the introduction in the Republic of methods of molecular

genetic studies which are the basis for the state-financed personalized drug therapy with targeted agents).
Results of the «Comprehensive Cancer
Control Plan in the Republic of Kazakhstan
for 2018-2022» realization in 2019
Authors: KAIDAROVA D. , SHATKOVSKAYA O. , DUSHIMOVA Z.
Published: September 2021

Relevance: Cancer control is among the key social policy priorities in the Republic of Kazakhstan. 14,000 people die from

cancer every year. As a result, our country faces an epidemiologic crisis caused by the increasing malignancy-related incidence

and mortality, plus the increasing number of people living with cancer. In 2019, 186 326 patients with malignant neoplasms

were under dynamic supervision in Kazakhstan; 52.5% lived for five years or more [1].

WHO prognosis a 1.5-2 times growth of annual malignancy-related incidence and mortality worldwide by 2022. The Republic of Kazakhstan follows the same trend, taking into account the growing welfare and life expectancy of the population

and an increase in the detection of malignant neoplasms due to the introduction of early detection programs [2].

This study aimed to assess the implementation in 2019 of the Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2018-2022.

Results: Intermediate Comprehensive Plan implementation results showed the efficacy of the conducted measures as reflected by major cancer service indicators. Thus, the early detection has improved: stage 0-I detection amounted to 27.1% of

all new cases (2019 target – 25.2%). This had a positive impact on cancer survival: in 2019, the proportion of 5-year or more

survival was 54.7% for breast cancer (2019 target – 54.5%), 56.8% for cervical cancer (2019 target – 55.8%), 46.6% for colorectal

cancer (2019 target – 45.8%) [1].

Conclusion: The Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan implementation results evidence cancer service improvement in the

Republic of Kazakhstan as of 2019 (increased 5-year survival and decreased mortality). However, a high share of detection of

visually accessible malignant neoplasms at generalized and advanced stages should be addressed in the coming years.
Glaucoma Progressing Stage Estimated from Visual Field Test Data with Glaucoma Patient; and Zinc(Ⅱ) Induced Regenerative Ativity from Optic Nerve Damage
Authors: Ishida Tsuneo
Published: September 2021

Glaucoma progressing stages (Stages 1～5) estimated from Visual Field Index (VFI); Mean Deviation (MD); and Pattern Standard Deviation (PSD) data has been elucidated; in which the glaucomatous pathology is in the proceeding stage 2-3 with T. Ishida's glaucoma patient compared with referring with VFI; MD; and PSD values to the literatures. Zinc(Ⅱ) induced VFI improvement should be taken into account when interpreting rates of VFI change over time that zinc promotes Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs) survival; in which zinc intake in RGCs survival may be zinc acetate 25-50 mg/day. Zinc(Ⅱ) induced recovery activity from optic nerve damage of the eye consists of four processes as follows. (1) Intraocular inflammatory stimulation process; Zinc concentrations 123-292 μg/g inhibit intraocular inflammation with atypical growth factor oncomodulin (Ocm) binding to its cognate receptor on RGCs. (2) RGC survival process; Zn2+ chelators enhance RGC survival and promote axon regeneration through the optic nerve. (3) Neural axon regeneration process; Zn2+ chelation promotes axon regeneration. Norepinephrine Transporters (Net) inhibitor promotes RGCs survival and axonal regeneration. (4) Eye to brain pathway process; Zn2+ chelator TPEN promotes both enduring RGC survival and considerable axon regeneration. Zinc induced recovery for NO production in RGCs that the NO conveys from the eye to the brain through the axons of RGCs; in which zinc concentration 100 μM may be suited for the optic nerve recovery. Accordingly; Zinc(Ⅱ) could enhance optic nerve damage recovery that Zn2+ may be bound with optic nerve damage proteins; in which Zn2+ ions may bind with intraocular protein; RGC survival protein; axonal protein; and optic nerve disorder proteins during recovery process by Zn2+ ions-centered tetrahedrally binding proteins molecular coordination pattern.
Los catecismos de José de Anchieta
Authors: Resines Llorente Luis
Published: September 2021

.
Estructura de la Regla de San Agustín (VIII)
Authors: Luis Vizcaíno Pío de
Published: September 2021

.
Un catecismo para esclavos
Authors: Resines Llorente Luis
Published: September 2021

.