bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of the Cyanate Inhibited State of Cytochrome c Oxidase
Authors: Kruse Fabian , Nguyen Anh Duc , Dragelj Jovan , Schlesinger Ramona , Heberle Joachim , Mroginski Maria Andrea , Weidinger Inez M.
Published: March 2020

Heme-copper oxygen reductases are terminal respiratory enzymes, catalyzing the reduction of dioxygen to water and the translocation of protons across the membrane. Oxygen consumption is inhibited by various substances. Here we tested the relatively unknown inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) with isocyanate. In contrast to other more common inhibitors like cyanide, inhibition with cyanate was accompanied with the rise of a metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) band around 638 nm. Increasing the cyanate concentration furthermore caused selective reduction of heme a. The presence of the CT band allowed for the first time to directly monitor the nature of the ligand via surface-enhanced resonance Raman (SERR) spectroscopy. Analysis of isotope sensitive SERR spectra in comparison with Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations identified not only the cyanate monomer as an inhibiting ligand but suggested also presence of an uretdion ligand formed upon dimerization of two cyanate ions. It is therefore proposed that under high cyanate concentrations the catalytic site of CcO promotes cyanate dimerization. The two excess electrons that are supplied from the uretdion ligand lead to the observed physiologically inverse electron transfer from heme a3 to heme a.
G-protein signaling is required for increasing germline stem cell division frequency in response to mating in Drosophila males
Authors: Malpe Manashree S. , McSwain Leon F. , Kudyba Karl , Ng Chun L. , Nicholson Jennie , Brady Maximilian , Qian Yue , Choksi Vinay , Hudson Alicia G. , Parrott Benjamin B. , Schulz Cordula
Published: March 2020

Adult stem cells divide to renew the stem cell pool and replenish specialized cells that are lost due to death or usage. However, little is known about the mechanisms regulating how stem cells adjust to a demand for specialized cells. A failure of the stem cells to respond to this demand can have serious consequences, such as tissue loss, or prolonged recovery post injury. Here, we challenge the male germline stem cells (GSCs) of Drosophila melanogaster for the production of specialized cells, sperm cells, using mating experiments. We show that repeated mating reduced the sperm pool and increased the percentage of GSCs in M- and S-phase of the cell cycle. The increase in dividing GSCs depended on the activity of the highly conserved G-proteins. Germline expression of RNA-Interference (RNA-i) constructs against G-proteins, or a dominant negative G-protein eliminated the increase in GSC division frequency in mated males. Consistent with a role for the G-proteins in regulating GSC division frequency, RNA-i against seven out of 35 G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) within the germline cells also eliminated the capability of males to increase the numbers of dividing GSCs in response to mating.
Serum sHLA-G: Significant diagnostic biomarker with respect to therapy and immunosuppressive mediators in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Agnihotri Vertica , Gupta Abhishek , Kumar Lalit , Dey Sharmistha
Published: March 2020

Head & Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma is one of the highest mortality factors in the world due to the lack of potential biomarker for early detection of disease. There is an urgent need for molecular marker involved in disease progression which remains suppressed normally, required for specificity. HLA-G is highly expressed in cancers and creates immune-suppressive microenvironment. Cancerous cells secrete inflammatory cytokines like IL-10,IFN-γ which increase expression of immunosuppressive molecules, such as HLA-G. We evaluated sHLA-G protein level in serum of 120 HNSCC patients at diagnosis and after therapy and compared with 99 individuals by SPR, ELISA and determined its mRNA level by qRT-PCR. sHLA-G was correlated with serum IL-10 and IFN-γ of the patients. Significant elevated levels of sHLA-G were observed in patients (8.25 ± 1.74 ng/µl) than control (6.45 ± 1.31 ng/µl). Levels were declined in (8.09 ± 1.79 ng/µl to 6.64 ± 1.33 ng/µl) patients in response to therapy. sHLA-G levels with tumor burden (8.16 ± 1.91 to 6.63 ± 1.32 ng/µl), node (8.62 ± 1.45 to 6.66 ± 1.26 ng/µl), PDSCC (8.14 ± 0.62 to 5.65 ± 0.27 ng/µl) and oropharynx (7.90 ± 1.24 to 6.10 ± 1.33 ng/µl) showed a positive and significant response to therapy. Findings indicate that sHLA-G can be a potential diagnostic serum protein marker for HNSCC due to its suppressive function and over expression in diseased condition with the influence of cytokines.
Standard reference values of the upper body posture in healthy male adults aged between 41 and 50 years in Germany
Authors: Ohlendorf Daniela , Gerez Ali , Porsch Laurin , Holzgreve Fabian , Maltry Laura , Ackermann Hanns , Groneberg David A.
Published: March 2020

Background: Classifications of posture deviations are possible when they can be compared to the standard values for healthy persons. Standard values for healthy male adults aged between 41 and 50 years are currently missing. Methods: 100 healthy volunteers (41–50 years old; 45.37 ± 3.06 years) were included in the study. Their body weight ranged from 68 to 132 kg (88.76 ± 15.93 kg), their heights from 1.64 to 2.0 m (1.81 ± 0.07 m) and the Body Mass Index (BMI) ranged from 19.0 kg/m² to 37.7 kg/m² (26.2 ± 3.96 kg/m²). A three-dimensional back scan was performed to quantify the upper back posture during habitual standing. The upper and lower limit for 95% of the tolerance regions and the left and right limit of the confidence interval were calculated. Results: The upper body posture of the subjects was close to the symmetry, or 0°, axis. There was a moderate ventral upper body inclination with a slight left lateral axial deviation and rotation of the spine to the right. An enhanced kyphotic posture was observed in the sagittal plane in the area of the thoracic spine. The shoulder and pelvis areas were almost balanced. Conclusion: Healthy males between 41 and 50 years were found to have an almost balanced posture with minimal ventral body inclination and a marginal scoliotic deviation. These values allow a comparison with other studies for control and patient data and may serve as basis in both clinical practice and scientific studies.
Modification of an Anopheles gambiae odorant binding protein to create an array of chemical sensors for detection of drugs
Authors: Cali Khasim , Persaud Krishna C.
Published: March 2020

The binding pockets of odorant binding proteins from Anopheles gambiae (OBP1 and OBP47) were analysed using in silico modelling. The feasibility of creating mutant proteins to achieve a protein array capable of detecting drugs of abuse in solution or in vapour phase was investigated. OBP1 was found to be easily adapted and several mutant proteins were expressed and characterised. AgamOBP1_S82P was found to have high affinities to cannabinol, 3,4-methylenedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA/Ecstasy) and cocaine hydrochloride. When these proteins were immobilised on a quartz crystal microbalance, saturated cocaine hydrochloride vapour could be detected. The sensors were stable over a period of at least 10 months in air. The approach taken allows flexible design of new biosensors based on inherently stable protein scaffolds taking advantage of the tertiary structure of odorant binding proteins.
Androgen Receptor and Poly(ADP-ribose) Glycohydrolase Inhibition Increases Efficiency of Androgen Ablation in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Manqi , Lai Yanhao , Vasquez Judy L. , James Dominic I. , Smith Kate M. , Waddell Ian D. , Ogilvie Donald J. , Liu Yuan , Agoulnik Irina U.
Published: March 2020

There is mounting evidence of androgen receptor signaling inducing genome instability and changing DNA repair capacity in prostate cancer cells. Expression of genes associated with base excision repair (BER) is increased with prostate cancer progression and correlates with poor prognosis. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) are key enzymes in BER that elongate and degrade PAR polymers on target proteins. While PARP inhibitors have been tested in clinical trials and are a promising therapy for prostate cancer patients with TMPRSS2-ERG fusions and mutations in DNA repair genes, PARG inhibitors have not been evaluated. We show that PARG is a direct androgen receptor (AR) target gene. AR is recruited to the PARG locus and induces PARG expression. Androgen ablation combined with PARG inhibition synergistically reduces BER capacity in independently derived LNCaP and LAPC4 prostate cancer cell lines. A combination of PARG inhibition with androgen ablation or with the DNA damaging drug, temozolomide, significantly reduces cellular proliferation and increases DNA damage. PARG inhibition alters AR transcriptional output without changing AR protein levels. Thus, AR and PARG are engaged in reciprocal regulation suggesting that the success of androgen ablation therapy can be enhanced by PARG inhibition in prostate cancer patients.
Risk of Ischemic Stroke After Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Åström André , Söderström Lars , Mooe Thomas
Published: March 2020

Only sparse epidemiological data are available regarding the risk of ischemic stroke (IS) after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Here we aimed to describe the incidence and predictors of IS associated with CABG performed after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), as well as trends over time. We analyzed data for 248,925 unselected AMI patients. We separately analyzed groups of patients who underwent CABG early or late after the index infarction. IS incidence rates per year at risk were 15.8% (95% confidence interval, 14.5–17.1) and 10.9% (10.6–11.2), respectively, among patients with and without CABG in the early cohort, and 4.0% (3.5–4.5) and 2.3% (2.2–2.3), respectively, among patients with and without CABG in the late cohort. Predictors of post-AMI IS included prior IS, CABG, prior atrial fibrillation, prior hemorrhagic stroke, heart failure during hospitalization, older age, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Reduced IS risk was associated with use of statins and P2Y12 inhibitors. IS incidence markedly decreased among patients who did not undergo CABG, while no such reduction over time occurred among those who underwent CABG. This emphasizes the need to optimize modifiable risk factors and to consistently use treatments that may reduce IS risk among CABG patients.
High-Dose Melatonin and Ethanol Excipient Combined with Therapeutic Hypothermia in a Newborn Piglet Asphyxia Model
Authors: Robertson Nicola J. , Lingam Ingran , Meehan Christopher , Martinello Kathryn A. , Avdic-Belltheus Adnan , Stein Liane , Tachrount Mohamed , Price David , Sokolska Magdalena , Bainbridge Alan , Hristova Mariya , Fleiss Bobbi , Kramer Boris W. , Gressens Pierre , Golay Xavier
Published: March 2020

With the current practice of therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal encephalopathy, disability rates and the severity spectrum of cerebral palsy are reduced. Nevertheless, safe and effective adjunct therapies are needed to optimize outcomes. This study’s objective was to assess if 18 mg/kg melatonin given rapidly over 2 h at 1 h after hypoxia-ischemia with cooling from 1–13 h was safe, achieved therapeutic levels within 3 h and augmented hypothermic neuroprotection. Following hypoxia-ischemia, 20 newborn piglets were randomized to: (i) Cooling 1–13 h (HT; n = 6); (ii) HT+ 2.5% ethanol vehicle (HT+V; n = 7); (iii) HT + Melatonin (HT+M; n = 7). Intensive care was maintained for 48 h; aEEG was acquired throughout, brain MRS acquired at 24 and 48 h and cell death (TUNEL) evaluated at 48 h. There were no differences for insult severity. Core temperature was higher in HT group for first hour after HI. Comparing HT+M to HT, aEEG scores recovered more quickly by 19 h (p < 0.05); comparing HT+V to HT, aEEG recovered from 31 h (p < 0.05). Brain phosphocreatine/inorganic phosphate and NTP/exchangeable phosphate were higher at 48 h in HT+M versus HT (p = 0.036, p = 0.049 respectively). Including both 24 h and 48 h measurements, the rise in Lactate/N-acetyl aspartate was reduced in white (p = 0.030) and grey matter (p = 0.038) after HI. Reduced overall TUNEL positive cells were observed in HT+M (47.1 cells/mm2) compared to HT (123.8 cells/mm2) (p = 0.0003) and HT+V (97.5 cells/mm2) compared to HT (p = 0.012). Localized protection was seen in white matter for HT+M versus HT (p = 0.036) and internal capsule for HT+M compared to HT (p = 0.001) and HT+V versus HT (p = 0.006). Therapeutic melatonin levels (15–30mg/l) were achieved at 2 h and were neuroprotective following HI, but ethanol vehicle was partially protective.
Difference in post-stress recovery of the gut microbiome and its altered metabolism after chronic adolescent stress in rats
Authors: Xu Mengyang , Wang Chen , Krolick Kristen N. , Shi Haifei , Zhu Jiangjiang
Published: March 2020

The human gut microbiome plays a central role in human health, and has been implicated in the development of a number of chronic gastrointestinal and systemic diseases. For example, microorganisms can serve as microbial endocrine mediators and can respond to stimuli and produce neurochemicals, ultimately influencing the brain-gut-microbiome axis of their host, a bidirectional communication system between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract, especially during developmental stages. To begin to explore potential dynamic changes of the gut microbiome, we characterized gut microbiota in adolescent rats that underwent a fixed period of restraint stress, examined whether the gut microbial population and their metabolic functions were changed by stress, and if such changes during adolescence persist or recover in young adulthood. Integrated 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing and liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based metabolic profiling were utilized to discover any significant differences in gut microbial genus and microbial metabolites immediately at the end of the chronic restraint stress and three weeks after the stress treatment, compared to control rats that did not receive stress treatment. Interestingly, while adolescent chronic stress-induced differences in relative microbial abundance (i.e., microbial species and distribution) disappeared three weeks after the stress treatment ended, the differences in microbial metabolic profiles persisted into adulthood. In addition, a number of significantly altered metabolites and their correlated gut microbes detected in our study facilitated a possible connection between gut microbiota and host stress response, which can be further investigated in the future to study the causal relationship between gut microbial metabolites and their impact on human health.
Auxin perception in Agave is dependent on the species’ Auxin Response Factors
Authors: Cancino-García Víctor J. , Ramírez-Prado Jorge H. , De-la-Peña Clelia
Published: March 2020

Auxins are one of the most important and studied phytohormones in nature. Auxin signaling and perception take place in the cytosol, where the auxin is sensed. Then, in the nucleus, the auxin response factors (ARF) promote the expression of early-response genes. It is well known that not all plants respond to the same amount and type of auxins and that the response can be very different even among plants of the same species, as we present here. Here we investigate the behavior of ARF in response to various auxins inAgave angustifoliaHaw.,A.fourcroydesLem. andA.tequilanaWeber var. Azul. By screening the available database ofA.tequilanagenes, we have identified 32ARFgenes with high sequence identity in the conserved domains, grouped into three main clades. A phylogenetic tree was inferred from alignments of the 32 Agave ARF protein sequences and the evolutionary relationship with other species was analyzed.AteqARF4, 15, 21, and 29 were selected as a representative diverse sample coming from each of the different subclades that comprise the two main clades of the inferred phylogenetic reconstruction. TheseARFs showed differential species-specific expression patterns in the presence of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Interestingly,A.angustifoliashowed different phenotypes in the presence and absence of auxins. In the absence of auxin,A.angustifoliaproduces roots, while shoots are developed in the presence of IAA. However, in the presence of 2,4-D, the plant meristem converts into callus. According to our results, it is likely thatAteqARF15participates in this outcome.
64-Channel Carbon Fiber Electrode Arrays for Chronic Electrophysiology
Authors: Guitchounts Grigori , Cox David
Published: March 2020

A chief goal in neuroscience is to understand how neuronal activity relates to behavior, perception, and cognition. However, monitoring neuronal activity over long periods of time is technically challenging, and limited, in part, by the invasive nature of recording tools. While electrodes allow for recording in freely-behaving animals, they tend to be bulky and stiff, causing damage to the tissue they are implanted in. One solution to this invasiveness problem may be probes that are small enough to fly under the immune system's radar. Carbon fiber (CF) electrodes are thinner and more flexible than typical metal or silicon electrodes, but the arrays described in previous reports had low channel counts and required time-consuming manual assembly. Here we report the design of an expanded-channel-count carbon fiber electrode array (CFEA) as well as a method for fast preparation of the recording sites using acid etching and electroplating with PEDOT-TFB, and demonstrate the ability of the 64-channel CFEA to record from rat visual cortex. We include designs for interfacing the system with micro-drives or flex-PCB cables for recording from multiple brain regions, as well as a facilitated method for coating CFs with the insulator Parylene-C. High-channel-count CFEAs may thus be an alternative to traditional microwire-based electrodes and a practical tool for exploring the neural code.
Author Correction: Stacking stability of C2N bilayer nanosheet
Authors: Dabsamut Klichchupong , T-Thienprasert Jiraroj , Jungthawan Sirichok , Boonchun Adisak
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: The impact of fasting on resting state brain networks in mice
Authors: Tsurugizawa Tomokazu , Djemai Boucif , Zalesky Andrew
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Annotation and cluster analysis of long noncoding RNA linked to male sex and estrogen in cancers
Authors: Liu Shouping , Lai Weiwei , Shi Ying , Liu Na , Ouyang Lianlian , Zhang Ziying , Chen Ling , Wang Xiang , Qian Banglun , Xiao Desheng , Yan Qin , Cao Ya , Liu Shuang , Tao Yongguang
Published: March 2020

The sex difference in cancer occurrence is a consistent finding in cancer epidemiology. Several solid tumors, including lung cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatic carcinoma, and renal carcinoma, are generally more common in males. Although sexual dimorphism is attributed to hormonal or behavioral differences, evidence for the function of lncRNA is lacking in sex-specific cancers. We show here that LINC00263 is one of the most dysregulated lncRNAs in lung adenocarcinomas and is upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, and renal carcinoma, especially in male patients compared to females. LINC00263 functions as an oncogene by promoting translocation of p65 into the nucleus to activate the NF-κB-signaling pathway through interaction with IKKα in the cytoplasm. The expression of LINC00263 is strongly correlated with ESR1, and it is decreased after treatment with estrogen. Ligand-activated ER could inhibit the function of LINC00263 by inhibiting NF-κB from cytoplasmic translocation into the nucleus. The inhibitory effect of estrogen on LINC00263 indicates its differential expression in male and female patients. Our findings indicate that LINC00263 is linked to male sex and estrogen as an oncogene, and these findings might help in the exploration of the mechanisms of differential gene regulation in sex-specific cancers.
Implications of the fractional charge of hydroxide at the electrochemical interface
Authors: Gauthier Joseph A. , Chen Leanne D. , Bajdich Michal , Chan Karen
Published: March 2020

Rational design of materials that efficiently convert electrical energy into chemical bonds will ultimately depend on a thorough understanding of the electrochemical interface at the atomic level.
In situ addition of Ni salt onto a skeletal Cu7S4 integrated CdS nanorod photocatalyst for efficient production of H2 under solar light irradiation
Authors: Bhavani P. , Kumar D. Praveen , Shim Hyung Seop , Rangappa Putta , Gopannagari Madhusudana , Reddy D. Amaranatha , Song Jae Kyu , Kim Tae Kyu
Published: March 2020

Development of earth-abundant, low cost, skeletal-type copper sulfide superstructures and in situ addition of Ni salts plays a prominent role to enhance the activity of CdS semiconductor nanostructures for photocatalytic H2 production.
The development of two fluorescent chemosensors for the selective detection of Zn2+ and Al3+ ions in a quinoline platform by tuning the substituents in the receptor part: elucidation of the structures of the metal-bound chemosensors and biological studies
Authors: Ghorai Pravat , Pal Kunal , Karmakar Parimal , Saha Amrita
Published: March 2020

Two aminoquinoline-based chemosensors (HL1 and HL2) are reported for selective detection of Zn2+ and Al3+ ions.
Fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) during hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal wastewater treatment sludge
Authors: Yu Jie , Nickerson Anastasia , Li Yalin , Fang Yida , Strathmann Timothy J.
Published: March 2020

PFAS sorbed to sludge degrade to varying degrees when sludge is subjected to hydrothermal liquefaction for production of liquid fuel.
A NiFe layered double hydroxide-decorated N-doped entangled-graphene framework: a robust water oxidation electrocatalyst
Authors: Manna Narugopal , Ayasha Nadeema , Singh Santosh K. , Kurungot Sreekumar
Published: March 2020

This work introduces the synthesis and water oxidation reaction of the N-doped entangled graphene framework (NEGF) decorated with NiFe-LDH nanostructures (NiFe-LDH/NEGF) showing improved catalytic durability owing to its open and porous 3D structure.
Electrochemical studies on crystalline CuS as an electrode material for non-aqueous Na-ion capacitors
Authors: Goswami Manoj , Nithya Chandrasekaran , Sathish N. , Kumar Satendra , Singh Netrapal , Srivastava A. K. , Kumar Surender
Published: March 2020

Current investigations are concentrated on the investigations of copper sulphide (CuS) for sodium-ion capacitors (NICs).
Modulation of ligand conjugation for efficient FAPbBr3 based green light-emitting diodes
Authors: Zhang Feng , Sun Mengna , Luo Xiyu , Zhang Dongdong , Duan Lian
Published: March 2020

We put forward a new strategy for efficient PeLEDs by understanding the effect of ligand conjugation on device performance.
Biomimetic enzyme barrier for preventing intestine-derived LPS induced diseases
Authors: Zhao Cheng , Kao Xiaoming , Wang Zhiwei , Liu Qinjie , Wu Jie , Hu Qiongyuan , Wu Xiuwen , Ren Jianan
Published: March 2020

Biomimetic enzyme barrier (BEB) encapsulated microcapsules could prevent intestine-derived LPS induced diseases.
Photosensitizer-loaded cell membrane biomimetic nanoparticles for enhanced tumor synergetic targeted therapy
Authors: Zhang Yunjiao , Ma Nan , Luo Congcong , Zhu Jiaquan , Bao Chunrong
Published: March 2020

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has the advantages of low toxicity and specificity, but photosensitizers usually fail to accumulate efficiently at the tumor site.
Facile one-step synthesis of quaternary AgInZnS quantum dots and their applications for causing bioeffects and detecting Cu2+
Authors: Han Xiao-Le , Li Qingyu , Hao Hao , Liu Chenyin , Li Run , Yu Fan , Lei Jiawen , Jiang Qingqing , Liu Yi , Hu Juncheng
Published: March 2020

Water-soluble AgInZnS quantum dots were synthesized with glutathione as a stabilizer by a facile one-step method based on a hydrothermal reaction at 110 °C. It exhibited excellent optical properties, which can be used as sensor to detect Cu2+.
Glass forming liquids in a quenched random potential
Authors: H. Arjun , Chaudhuri Pinaki
Published: March 2020

A study of the emergence of glassy dynamics in a model two-dimensional colloidal binary mixture, via the interplay of the intrinsic density correlations with a quenched disorder in the form an externally imposed spatially random potential.
Effect of environmental humidity on the ionic transport of poly(ethylene oxide) thin films, investigated by local dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Markus Paul , Martínez-Tong Daniel E. , Papastavrou Georg , Alegria Angel
Published: March 2020

The laterally-resolved conductivity of PEO thin films increases with relative humidity, as determined by local dielectric spectroscopy: an AFM-based electrical technique.
Fabrication of a biomimetic hydrogel actuator with rhythmic deformation driven by a pH oscillator
Authors: Yang Caixia , Su Fang , Liang Yan , Xu Wenyuan , Li Shan , Liang Enxiang , Wang Guoxiang , Zhou Ningbo , Wan Qiong , Ma Xianguo
Published: March 2020

A diversified and biocompatible rhythmic deformation (RD) system is successfully fabricated by coupling a heterogeneous hydrogel with a pH oscillator.
Influence of Na/Mn arrangements and P2/P′2 phase ratio on the electrochemical performance of NaxMnO2 cathodes for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Kulka Andrzej , Marino Cyril , Walczak Katarzyna , Borca Camelia , Bolli Christoph , Novák Petr , Villevieille Claire
Published: March 2020

Among the candidate cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), NaxMnO2 (NMO) layered oxides are especially attractive in terms of working potential (ca. 3.0 V vs. Na+/Na) and high initial specific charge.
Pyrochlore phase Ce2Sn2O7via an atom-confining strategy for reversible lithium storage
Authors: Xu Jijian , Wang Dong , Kong Shuyi , Li Ruizhe , Hong Zhanglian , Huang Fuqiang
Published: March 2020

Novel pyrochlore phase Ce2Sn2O7 with high structural stability via an atom-confining strategy, making efficient lithium-ion batteries possible.
Polycarbazole and biomass-derived flexible nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials for gas adsorption and sensing
Authors: Zhao Li , Xiao Pei-Wen , Chen Qi , Fu Cheng , Han Bao-Hang
Published: March 2020

Polycarbazole and biomass-derived flexible nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials were prepared and used for gas adsorption, separation, and sensing.
Quantum sieving of H2/D2 in MOFs: a study on the correlation between the separation performance, pore size and temperature
Authors: Cao Dawei , Ren Jiahao , Gong Yu , Huang Hongliang , Fu Xiaolong , Chang Miao , Chen Xiaojun , Xiao Chengjian , Liu Dahuan , Yang Qingyuan , Zhong Chongli , Peng Shuming , Zhang Zhengjun
Published: March 2020

In quantum sieving of H2/D2, a local optimal operational temperature domain is dominant at local temperatures for specific pore apertures.
Amelioration of interfacial combination and suppression of oxygen vacancies for high performance environmentally friendly electrospun SnYO nanofiber field-effect transistors
Authors: Li Jun , Chen Qi , Yang Yaohua , Zhu Wenqing , Li Xifeng , Zhang Jianhua
Published: March 2020

Chemical complexation enhances the performance of FETs based on electrospun SnYO nanofibers.
Tumor localization of oncolytic adenovirus assisted by pH-degradable microgels with JQ1-mediated boosting replication and PD-L1 suppression for enhanced cancer therapy
Authors: Qiao Haishi , Chen Xingmei , Wang Qiming , Zhang Junmei , Huang Dechun , Chen Enping , Qian Hongliang , Zhong Yinan , Tang Qi , Chen Wei
Published: March 2020

Illustration of pH-degradable microgels (MGs) for the simultaneous encapsulation of OA and JQ1 for an enhanced oncolytic viral treatment with JQ1-meidated boosting viral replication and PD-L1 suppression.
Atomistic insights into the separation mechanism of multilayer graphene membranes for water desalination
Authors: Zhang Jing , Chen Chen , Pan Jianuan , Zhang Li , Liang Lijun , Kong Zhe , Wang Xinping , Zhang Wei , Shen Jia-Wei
Published: March 2020

Multiple influencing factors on desalination and the separation mechanism of graphene membranes for water desalination have been investigated on a molecular level.
P-Functionalized and O-deficient TiOn/VOm nanoparticles grown on Ni foam as an electrode for supercapacitors: epitaxial grown heterojunction and visible-light-driven photoresponse
Authors: Tao Keyu , Wang Lian , Hai Yang , Gong Yun
Published: March 2020

P–TiOn–VOm nanowires were grown on nickel foam (NF) via a one-pot hydrothermal method and by further vapor deposition/phosphorization method.
In situ-grown organo-lead bromide perovskite-induced electroactive γ-phase in aerogel PVDF films: an efficient photoactive material for piezoelectric energy harvesting and photodetector applications
Authors: Si Suman Kumar , Paria Sarbaranjan , Karan Sumanta Kumar , Ojha Suparna , Das Amit Kumar , Maitra Anirban , Bera Aswini , Halder Lopamudra , De Anurima , Khatua Bhanu Bhusan
Published: March 2020

The unique combination of piezoelectric energy harvesters and light detectors progressively strengthens their application in the development of modern electronics.
A pressure-assisted annealing method for high quality CsPbBr3 film deposited by sequential thermal evaporation
Authors: Hua Jingchen , Deng Xi , Niu Cheng , Huang Fuzhi , Peng Yong , Li Wangnan , Ku Zhiliang , Cheng Yi-bing
Published: March 2020

Pressure-assisted annealing method for the preparation of high-quality CsPbBr3 perovskite films.
Synthesis of lutein esters using a novel biocatalyst of Candida antarctica lipase B covalently immobilized on functionalized graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets
Authors: Shangguan Huijuan , Zhang Shan , Li Xin , Zhou Qi , Shi Jie , Deng Qianchun , Huang Fenghong
Published: March 2020

The functionalized graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C3N4-Ns) as the immobilized carrier for the accommodation of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB), which obtains the highest esterification rate (92%) in lutein esters synthesis.
Bridging and synergistic effect of the pyrochlore like Bi2Zr2O7structure with robust CdCuS solid solution for durable photocatalytic removal of the organic pollutants
Authors: Jayaraman Venkatesan , Ayappan Chinnadurai , Palanivel Baskaran , Mani Alagiri
Published: March 2020

Photocatalytic degradation mechanism for CdCuS solid solution supported pyrochlore like Bi2Zr2O7.
Mechanochemical generation of singlet oxygen
Authors: Turksoy Abdurrahman , Yildiz Deniz , Aydonat Simay , Beduk Tutku , Canyurt Merve , Baytekin Bilge , Akkaya Engin U.
Published: March 2020

Controlled generation of singlet oxygen is very important due to its involvement in scheduled cellular maintenance processes and therapeutic potential.
Amphiphilic irinotecan–melampomagnolide B conjugate nanoparticles for cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Qu Wenhao , Yang Quanjun , Wang Guanchun , Wang Zhaohong , Huang Ping , Huang Wei , Zhang Rong , Yan Deyue
Published: March 2020

Ir–C–MMB nanoparticles can be easily fabricated using an ADDC strategy, and used as a MMB drug self-delivery platform for synergistic cancer therapy.
Design of a mechanically strong and highly stretchable thermoplastic silicone elastomer based on coulombic interactions
Authors: Shi Jinfeng , Zhao Na , Yan Dongying , Song Jianhui , Fu Wenxin , Li Zhibo
Published: March 2020

A thermoplastic silicone elastomer exclusively based on the salt-bonding between COOH and ZnO was successfully prepared, exhibiting excellent mechanical properties, high stretchability and temperature-assisted self-healing ability.
Design of thermally activated delayed fluorescent sensitizers for high efficiency over 20% and long lifetime in yellow fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Kim Ji Han , Lee Kyung Hyung , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: March 2020

Yellow thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials were synthesized using two types of acceptors of 2,4,6-triphenylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile and 4-(3-cyanophenyl)-2,6-diphenylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile combined with a strong donor.
Huge enhancement of Sm2+ emission via Eu2+ energy transfer in a SrB4O7 pressure sensor
Authors: Zheng Teng , Runowski Marcin , Woźny Przemysław , Lis Stefan , Lavín Víctor
Published: March 2020

Giant enhancement of optical response of the luminescent pressure sensor SrB4O7:Sm2+, co-doped with Eu2+, caused by effective Eu2+ → Sm2+ energy transfer.
Comprehensive comparisons between frequency‐domain analysis and time‐domain analysis for LLC resonant converter
Authors: Wei Yuqi , Luo Quanming , Mantooth Alan
Published: March 2020

LLC resonant converter has been widely used in many applications due to its characteristics of high efficiency and high frequency characteristics. Analysis method plays great role in converter design and operation performance. For LLC resonant converter, the most frequently used analysis methods are frequency‐domain analysis (FDA) and time‐domain analysis (TDA). FDA assumes that only fundamental harmonics can deliver energy in the system, while TDA is obtained by solving circuit state equations. In this study, comprehensive and complete comparisons between FDA and TDA in terms of analysis methodology, parameter design, analysis accuracy, conduction loss, other power losses, and system efficiency are implemented. The analysis and comparison results show that under the same system specifications, by adopting TDA, a larger magnetising inductance value can be used when compared with FDA, which will reduce the resonant tank circulating current and increase the system efficiency. The comprehensive analysis can provide guidance for engineers when analysing and designing LLC resonant converter. Finally, a 200 W experimental prototype was built and tested to verify the theoretical analysis.
Structure and kinematics of the Virgo cluster of galaxies
Authors: Kashibadze Olga G. , Karachentsev Igor D. , Karachentseva Valentina E.
Published: March 2020

Aims. This work considers the Virgo cluster of galaxies, focusing on its structure, kinematics, and morphological landscape. Our principal aim is to estimate the virial mass of the cluster. For this purpose, we present a sample of 1537 galaxies with radial velocities VLG <  2600 km s−1 situated within a region of ΔSGL = 30° and ΔSGB = 20° around M 87. About half of the galaxies have distance estimates.

Methods. We selected 398 galaxies with distances in a (17 ± 5) Mpc range. Based on their 1D and 2D number-density profiles and their radial velocity dispersions, we made an estimate for the virial mass of the Virgo cluster.

Results. We identify the infall of galaxies towards the Virgo cluster core along the Virgo Southern Extension filament. From a 1D profile of the cluster, we obtain the virial mass estimate of (6.3 ± 0.9)×1014 M⊙, which is in tight agreement with its mass estimate via the external infall pattern of galaxies.

Conclusions. We conclude that the Virgo cluster outskirts between the virial radius and the zero-velocity radius do not contain significant amounts of dark matter beyond the virial radius.
Very fat geometric Galton-Watson trees
Authors: Abraham Romain , Bouaziz Aymen , Delmas Jean-François
Published: March 2020

Let τn be a random tree distributed as a Galton-Watson tree with geometric offspring distribution conditioned on {Zn = an} where Zn is the size of the nth generation and (an, n ∈ ℕ*) is a deterministic positive sequence. We study the local limit of these trees τn as n →∞ and observe three distinct regimes: if (an, n ∈ ℕ*) grows slowly, the limit consists in an infinite spine decorated with finite trees (which corresponds to the size-biased tree for critical or subcritical offspring distributions), in an intermediate regime, the limiting tree is composed of an infinite skeleton (that does not satisfy the branching property) still decorated with finite trees and, if the sequence (an, n ∈ ℕ*) increases rapidly, a condensation phenomenon appears and the root of the limiting tree has an infinite number of offspring.
Continuous-time Markov processes, orthogonal polynomials and Lancaster probabilities
Authors: Mena Ramsés H. , Palma Freddy
Published: March 2020

This work links the conditional probability structure of Lancaster probabilities to a construction of reversible continuous-time Markov processes. Such a task is achieved by using the spectral expansion of the corresponding transition probabilities in order to introduce a continuous time dependence in the orthogonal representation inherent to Lancaster probabilities. This relationship provides a novel methodology to build continuous-time Markov processesviaLancaster probabilities. Particular cases of well-known models are seen to fall within this approach. As a byproduct, it also unveils new identities associated to well known orthogonal polynomials.
Non-central limit theorems for functionals of random fields on hypersurfaces
Authors: Olenko Andriy , Vaskovych Volodymyr
Published: March 2020

This paper derives non-central asymptotic results for non-linear integral functionals of homogeneous isotropic Gaussian random fields defined on hypersurfaces in ℝd. We obtain the rate of convergence for these functionals. The results extend recent findings for solid figures. We apply the obtained results to the case of sojourn measures and demonstrate different limit situations.
Large deviations for Brownian motion in a random potential
Authors: Boivin Daniel , Lê Thi Thu Hien
Published: March 2020

A quenched large deviation principle for Brownian motion in a stationary potential is proved. As the proofs are based on a method developed by Sznitman [Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 47 (1994) 1655–1688] for Brownian motion among obstacles with compact support no regularity conditions on the potential is needed. In particular, the sufficient conditions are verified by potentials with polynomially decaying correlations such as the classical potentials studied by Pastur [Teoret. Mat. Fiz. 32 (1977) 88–95] and Fukushima [J. Stat. Phys. 133 (2008) 639–657] and the potentials recently introduced by Lacoin [Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré Probab. Stat. 48 (2012) 1010–1028; 1029–1048].
Diagnostik und Therapie unklarer Gallengangsstenosen
Authors: Krause Jenny , Ehlken Hanno , Schramm Christoph
Published: March 2020

Biliary stenoses represent a differential diagnostic challenge. Diagnostic methods to clarify the underlying dignity are often invasive, and provide high specificity beside insufficient sensitivity. In many cases, an accurate diagnosis is only possible over time, and therefore limits curative treatment options. This article provides an overview of the diagnostic challenges and treatment options for unclear biliary stenosis.
Das Mukoepidermoidkarzinom – Bedeutung der Molekularpathologie
Authors: Nachtsheim Lisa , Arolt Christoph , Dreyer Thomas , Meyer Moritz F. , Brobeil Alexander , Gamerdinger Ulrike , Gattenlöhner Stefan , Grosheva Maria , Wittekindt Claus , Klußmann Jens Peter
Published: March 2020

Das Mukoepidermoidkarzinom ist das häufigste primäre Speicheldrüsenmalignom im Kopf-Hals-Bereich. Das Tumorgrading hat eine erhebliche prognostische Bedeutung. Die 5-Jahres-Überlebensrate ist für Low-grade-Mukoepidermoidkarzinome deutlich höher als für Intermediate-grade- oder High-grade-Mukoepidermoidkarzinome. Für das Mukoepidermoidkarzinom scheint die Translokation von t(11;19)(q21;p13) mit der resultierenden CRTC1-MAML2-Transfusion ebenfalls von prognostischer Relevanz zu sein. Diese Translokation ist in 38–82 % aller Mukoepidermoidkarzinome nachweisbar. In Studien konnte für Patienten mit CRTC1-MAML2-positiven Mukoepidermoidkarzinomen eine deutlich bessere Prognose als für Patienten mit Translokations-negativen Mukoepidermoidkarzinomen nachgewiesen werden. Die t(11;19)(q21;p13) -Translokation wird deutlich häufiger bei Low- und Intermediate-grade-Mukoepidermoidkarzinomen detektiert als bei High-grade-Tumoren derselben Entität. Darüber hinaus wurden Translokations-positive Mukoepidermoidkarzinome häufiger bei jüngeren Patienten, kleineren Tumoren und niedrigeren Tumorstadien diagnostiziert sowie seltener Lymphknoten- und Fernmetastasierung gefunden. Bislang ist die Translokation nicht von therapeutischer Bedeutung. Jedoch sollte aufgrund der prognostischen Relevanz eine Diagnostik regelhaft erfolgen. Bei Grenzfällen kann der fehlende Nachweis der Translokation eine Entscheidungshilfe zu einer Therapieeskalation geben. Um den individuellen prognostischen und therapeutischen Wert des Fusionsgens genauer zu beurteilen, werden weitere Untersuchungen notwendig sein.
Sustained colonoscopy quality improvement using a simple intervention bundle
Authors: Neilson Laura J. , East James E. , Rajasekhar Praveen T. , Bassett Paul , Dunn Simon , Bevan Roisin , Paremal Shyju , Esmaily Shiran , Rees Colin J.
Published: March 2020

Background Unacceptable variation in colonoscopy quality exists. The Quality Improvement in Colonoscopy (QIC) study in 2011 improved quality by introducing an evidence-based “bundle” of measures into routine colonoscopy practice. The QIC bundle included: minimal cecal withdrawal time of ≥ 6 minutes; hyoscine butylbromide use; supine patient position for transverse colon examination; rectal retroflexion. Colonoscopy quality was measured by adenoma detection rate (ADR). The current study measured whether these effects led to a sustained change in practice 3 years following implementation.

Methods This observational study collected data from eight hospital trusts (sites) in the United Kingdom for a 6-month period, 3 years following QIC bundle implementation. Use of the antispasmodic, hyoscine butylbromide, was measured as a marker of bundle uptake. Bundle effectiveness was measured by ADR change. Comparisons were made between data before and immediately after implementation of the bundle.

Results 28 615 colonoscopies by 188 colonoscopists were studied. Hyoscine butylbromide use increased from 15.8 % pre-implementation to 47.4 % in the sustainability phase (P < 0.01) indicating sustained engagement with QIC measures. ADR was higher in the sustainability period compared with pre-intervention, but only reached statistical significance among the poorest-performing colonoscopists.

Conclusions The introduction of a simple, inexpensive, pragmatic intervention significantly changed practice over a sustained period, improving colonoscopy quality as measured by ADR, particularly in poorer performers. QIC demonstrates that an easy-to-implement quality improvement approach can deliver a sustained change in practice for many years post intervention.
Bildgebende Diagnostik des Innenohrs vor Cochleaimplantation
Authors: Mack Martin G. , Suckfüll Markus M.
Published: March 2020

If sufficient speech understanding can no longer be achieved with conventional hearing aids, the indication for a cochlear implant is very often present. Imaging plays an important preoperative role, as it is the only way to decide whether a cochlear implant is possible or not. The preoperative evaluation of the temporal bone for the precise selection of the candidates for cochlear implant is including CT (Computed Tomography) and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
Cook–Swartz Doppler Probe Surveillance for Free Flaps—Defining Pros and Cons
Authors: Paprottka Felix J. , Klimas Dalius , Krezdorn Nicco , Schlarb Dominik , Trevatt Alexander E. J. , Hebebrand Detlev
Published: March 2020

Introduction The main postoperative complication of free flaps is perfusion compromise. Urgent intervention is critical to increase the chances of flap survival. Invasive flap perfusion monitoring with direct blood flow feedback through the Cook–Swartz Doppler probe could enable earlier detection of perfusion complications.

Materials and Methods Between 2012 and 2016, 35 patients underwent breast reconstruction or defect coverage after trauma with a deep inferior epigastric perforator, anterolateral thigh, transverse musculocutaneous gracilis, gracilis, or latissimus dorsi flap in our department. All flaps were monitored with a Cook–Swartz probe for 10 days postoperatively. The 20 MHz probe was placed around the arterial–venous anastomosis. A flap monitoring protocol was established for standardized surveillance of postoperative perfusion. In the event of probe signal loss, immediate surgical revision was initiated.

Results Signal loss was detected in 8 of the 35 cases. On return to the operating room, six were found to be true positives (relevant disruption of flap perfusion) and two were false positives (due to Doppler probe displacement). There were also two false negatives, resulting in a slowly progressive partial flap loss. Flap perfusion was restored in three of the six cases (50%) identified by the probe. Following surgical intervention, three of the six cases had persistent problems with perfusion, resulting in two total flap losses and one partial flap necrosis leading to an overall 5.7% total flap loss.

Conclusion Postoperative flap perfusion surveillance is a complex matter. Surgical experience is often helpful but not always reliable. The costs, false-positive, and false-negative rates associated with invasive perfusion monitoring with Cook–Swartz probe make it most appropriate for buried flaps.

Level of Evidence This is an original work.
Human Dirofilariasis Due to D.Repens Presenting as a Chest Wall Swelling : A Rare Case Report
Authors: Permi Harish S. , D'Souza Pretty , Bhagavan K.R. , Raju Mary , Sarda Pooja
Published: March 2020

Primary Dirofilariasis is caused by a Zoonotic filarial nematode. It is transmitted to humans by Culex, Aedes, or Anopheles mosquitoes, which ingest blood-containing microfilaria from affected dogs, cats, or raccoons. Chest wall tumors are uncommon lesions that originate from blood vessels, nerves, bone, cartilage, or fat. We report a case of Human Dirofilariasis due to D. Repens occurring in the chest wall in a 32 year old male. Clinical diagnosis of benign chest wall tumor was considered and it was excised. Histopathological examination confirmed it as Dirofilaria repens. On regular follow up he is doing fine.
PREVALENCE OF AUTISM AUTISTIC FEATURES AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN SUBJECTS ATTENDING SPECIAL SCHOOLS IN OUR COMMUNITY
Authors: V. Sharda , K. Subbalakshmi N. , S. Narayana , K. Samal R.
Published: March 2020

Introduction: There is no one single unified theory to explain the etiology of autism. Autistic symptoms occur along a wide spectrum. Thus we studied the autistic symptoms according to gender, mental retardation and presence of epilepsy.

Methods: 500 children attending different special schools were screened for autism employing DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for autistic disorder. Data was analysed employing suitable statistical tests. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Display of autistic features was significantly different among the study subjects (p value less than 0.00001). But more than 90% of the subjects had distorted speech, repetitive speech and tantrum to minor changes symptoms. Autistic males were two times greater than autistic females (50 vs. 24). Proportion of autistic subjects with loneliness and poor interaction was significantly higher in 26-50 intelligence quotients group compared to 51-80 intelligence quotients (p value equal to 0.002, 0.03 respectively). 25.67% autistic subjects were epileptic. In them, prevalence of not identifying strangers, failing to make eye contact, not understanding humor symptoms were significantly higher compared to others (p value equal to 0.018, 0.044, 0.015, respectively). Epilepsy was associated with higher number of autism symptoms (p value equal to 0.023).

Conclusions: Tantrum to minor changes, distorted and repetitive speech are the most common autistic features. Risk of autism is 2 times higher in males compared to females. Aloofness and poor interaction symptoms are higher in autistic subjects with lower intelligence quotients. Epilepsy is associated with higher number of autism symptoms.