bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response of Normal Cells Following Multiple Radiation Exposure under Radiotherapy Setting
Authors: Yashavarddhan M. H. , Shukla Sandeep Kumar , Sharma Ajay Kumar , Suar Mrutyunjay
Published: December 2017

Radiotherapy is an established approach for killing of tumour cells. During the process, most of the normal cells also get affected due to direct exposure or by bystander effects. To measure the damage pattern in healthy cells, a pilot study was designed under radiotherapy settings. Right leg region of Strain ‘A’ male mice was locally exposed to Cobalt60 gamma radiation with a dose of 2 Gy/ day for 5 consecutive days. After completion of each fraction, blood haematology and γH2AX studies were performed at 1 h time point in blood and bone marrow cells. Chromosomal aberration study in bone marrow was carried out at 24 h post irradiation of each fraction for evaluation of DNA damage. γH2AX and chromosomal aberration were found significantly (p<0.001) increased with each consecutive dose upto 4th fractions. Blood hematology showed a linear reduction in total WBC counts which included the reduction in lymphocytes and increased granulocytes with each passing dose up to 4th fraction. However, non significant damage (p>0.05) for all parameters have been observed for 4th and 5th split doses. The study indicated that repeated exposure leads to damage fixation in normal cells, possibly indicating a state of adaptation.
Data Mining for Drug Repurposing and New Targets Identification for Radioprotection
Authors: Verma Yogesh Kumar , Gangenahalli Gurudutta
Published: December 2017

Ionising radiation (IR) is responsible for various types of tissue injury leading to morbidity at low doses and mortality at high radiation exposure. Although many radioprotective and pharmacological agents are being tested for decreasing radiation injury, however, the availability of Amifostine as the only clinically used radioprotector with limited indication has prompted us to find out new potential molecules through drugs repurposing for protecting or decreasing radiation damage by data mining. In this work we have used text-mining based network generation approach to find out the gene targets of radioprotectors under evaluation by Agilent Literature Search app in Cytoscape. Extracted genes were evaluated for their association with radiation in Radiation Genes database. These genes were searched against therapeutic drugs and molecules under clinical trial in the Drug Gene Interaction database. We found that most of the radiation target genes were involved in cell death, proliferation, homeostasis, cell cycle and cancer pathways. Many of these genes were druggable and could be targeted by the drugs under clinical research, whereas there were few genes (new targets), which were never considered for radioprotective drug development. This study would likely help in repurposing of identified drugs for use in the event of radiation fallout, keeping in mind that no radiation medical countermeasure for acute radiation syndrome has been approved by the US FDA for use in humans. Results also revealed new target genes for drug targeting and indicates use of similar pipeline in other pathologies for drug repurposing and development.
Mechanical Failure Analysis of Needles, for Micro-needle Array Dry-electrodes
Authors: Radhakrishnan J. K. , Padaki V. C. , Singh U. K.
Published: December 2017

 Dry electrodes, which have an array of vertically aligned conducting micro-needles over a conducting substrate/base are most suitable for long-term continuous monitoring of EEG-signal, and overcomesthe disadvantages of conventional wet electrodes. A crucial design requirement for thesemicro-needlearrays, is the choice of the needle material with suitable mechanical strength to penetrate the skin without mechanical failure. This paper gives, the results of mechanical failure analysis of different needle materials that have been typically used/proposed for invasive use. A conical needle with 150μ width at the base and 10μ width at the tip, and length in the range 10μ - 200μ was taken up for calculation. The Critical load for failure, falls in the following descending order for the selected materials: viz., Carbon Nanofibre (CNF), Titanium-alloy (Ti 6-4), Single Crystal Silicon, Nickel, Tungsten, Platinum-Iridium (Pt90 percent-Ir10 percent), Stainless Steel (SS304),Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA), Polyimide, Polycarbonate, Gold, Silver, Photoresist-SU8, Polyurethane and Poly DiMethylSiloxane (PDMS).Taking the most accepted value of 0.1N as the penetration force required for needle penetration into skin, it is seen that for a needle length of 100μ, the following materials, Carbon Nanofibre (CNF), Titanium-alloy (Ti 6-4), Single Crystal Silicon, Nickel, Tungsten, Platinum -Iridium (Pt90 percent-Ir10 percent) andStainless Steel (SS304), can penetrate the skin without mechanical failure.
Bio-engineering and Bio-medical Technologies: Role in the Protection of the Protectors
Authors: Kannan G.K.
Published: December 2017

Every country is engaging its armed forces in different terrain and climatic conditions to protectsovereignty and manage internal conflict. During peace / wartime conflicts, the soldiers are subjected toextremeenvironmental conditions.  These extreme, hostile, non-habitable conditions exert a toll on the soldiers’ performance and also pose threat to theirlife. Airmen are prone to be exposed to low pressures, high altitude, and hypoxic conditions. Similarly,a Mariner is exposed to high pressuresand hydro environment. Land soldiers are deployed in various terrain having myriadenvironmental conditions such ashigh temperature in deserts, subzero cold conditions in the high mountains andvarying range of difficulties encountered in forested hilly terrain.In addition to these adverse conditions, soldiers also need to counter theconflicts from neighboring / enemy countries.  It is paramount that, these soldiers are protected from all these adverse extreme environmental conditions. 
Studies on Sheet Explosive Formulation Based on Octahydro-1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-Tetrazocine and Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene
Authors: Jangid Suresh Kumar , Singh Mrityunjay Kumar , Solanki Vasant Jadavji , Sinha Rabindra Kumar , Murthy Krothapalli Prabhakara Subrahmania
Published: December 2017

The effect of replacing hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) by octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) in HTPB-binder on the performance, sensitivity, thermal, and mechanical properties of the sheet explosive formulation has been studied. The maximum loading of HMX was achieved up to 78 per cent in HTPB-binder system. The velocity of detonation (VOD) of HMX-based sheet explosive was observed about 7300 m/s which is marginally higher than existing RDX-based sheet explosive formulation (RDX/HTPB-binder, 80/20). The VOD trends were verified by theoretical calculation by BKW code using FORTRAN executable program. The thermal decomposition kinetics of sheet explosive formulations was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The activation energy for sheet explosive formulation HMX/HTPB-binder (78/22) was calculated using Kissinger kinetic method and found to be 170.08 kJ/mol, infer that sheet explosive formulation is thermally stable.
Effect of Yield Criterion on Stress Distribution and Maximum Safe Pressure for an Autofrettaged Gun Barrel
Authors: Bhetiwal Amit , Kashikar Sunil , Markale Haribhau , Gade Shailendra
Published: December 2017

World artillery in the present scenario is changing its role from defensive to aggressive nature and is attempting to achieve higher penetration into enemy targets. Even for an autofrettaged gun barrel, higher ranges requirement leads to higher barrel weight and its associated demerits. The design of gun barrel is based on the choice of yield criteria. Tresca yield criterion provides conservative design for a ductile barrel material. On the other hand, more accurate von Mises criterion presents complexity. The two criteria to evaluate various parameters required for design of an autofrettaged gun barrel are compared. The methodology for evaluation of maximum safe pressure, based on von Mises criterion, for an autofrettaged gun barrel is also included in the paper. Based on case study included in the article, for an autofrettaged gun barrel or pressure vessel with uniform thickness, a theoretical weight reduction of approximately 16 per cent is feasible with von Mises criterion as compared to Tresca criterion.
Effect of Metallic Inserts on the Strength of Pin Joints Prepared from Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Singh Kulwinder , Saini J. S. , Bhunia H.
Published: December 2017

The present study deals with the failure analysis of pin joints by varying different geometric parameters i.e., edge distance to hole diameter (E/D) ratio and width to hole diameter (W/D) ratio. Pin joints were prepared from the glass fiber reinforced laminates incorporating the metal inserts. A range of 2 to 5 and 3 to 6 was considered for E/D and W/D ratios, respectively. The stress around the hole was redistributed by incorporating the metal inserts in the hole to increase the load carrying capacity. To predict the failure loads and failure modes numerically, progressive damage analysis along with Hashin failure criteria was used in the pin joints. Strength of the pin joints increased in the range of 65 per cent to 92 per cent with metal insert due to the redistribution of the stresses around the hole. Progressive damage analysis gave a good correlation with experimental findings. Thereafter, the strength of the joint was predicted by varying the thickness of the metal inserts.
Glycemic Index Lowering Effect of Chicken Solids on Corn Starch
Authors: Bhardwaj Shefali , Shiby V. K. , Pandey M. C.
Published: December 2017

Glycemic index lowering effect of chicken solids was studied using a model system approach. Experimental samples were prepared by adding chicken powder at varying levels (10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg) to 50 mg of corn starch as carbohydrate base. The chicken powder had a proximate protein content of 81.1 per cent, fat 9.1 per cent, ash 6 per cent and moisture 3.7 per cent. In vitro starch digestibility and estimated glycemic index (eGI) of the samples were estimated. It was found that only sample B and C could reduce the eGI of the sample by 22.8 per cent and 21.8 per cent respectively, with an eGI value of 68.05 and 68.9 respectively. Samples containing 30 mg and 40 mg chicken powder did not affect the eGI significantly and values were close to eGI values for the control (corn starch alone). It is concluded that chicken solids exhibit a significant (p < 0.05) glycemic index lowering effect at a level of 17 per cent to 29 per cent of the formulation, and not linearly with an increase in protein content.
Exploring the emotional intelligence of leaders in governance of non-profit sports organizations: A voluntary vs. non-voluntary comparison
Authors: Özdinç Özlem , Bilir Pervin , Özdinç Yalım
Published: December 2017

Research and practice have overlooked the emotional intelligence (EI) of senior leaders in non-profit organizations. Our research aims to explore and compare the EI capacity of two groups of such leaders; voluntary (i.e., presidents of sport federations) and remunerated (i.e., provincial directors of sports), in the sport governance system of Turkey. The results of a small-scale census revealed that voluntary leaders were older, had more years of sporting experience, and achieved significantly higher EI scores than their paid counterparts. A regression analysis to examine whether age and sporting experience predicted the EI scores returned positive results for age only. A priori and post hoc power analyses assured that results had sufficient power for practically meaningful implications (.95 and .85, respectively). These results suggest that sports-governing non-profit organizations can benefit from some EI training for the development of their leaders, including those younger and with limited sporting experience. We discuss the implications of our findings within the metamorphosis of sports governing bodies from a non-profit organization to a more business-like entity.
Jacobian of weak limits of Sobolev homeomorphisms
Authors: Hencl Stanislav , Onninen Jani
Published: December 2017

Let Ω be a domain inℝn{\mathbb{R}^{n}}, wheren=2,3{n=2,3}. Suppose that a sequence of Sobolev homeomorphismsfk:Ω→ℝn{f_{k}\colon\Omega\to\mathbb{R}^{n}}with positive Jacobian determinants,J⁢(x,fk)>0{J(x,f_{k})>0}, converges weakly inW1,p⁢(Ω,ℝn){W^{1,p}(\Omega,\mathbb{R}^{n})}, for somep⩾1{p\geqslant 1}, to a mappingf. We show thatJ⁢(x,f)⩾0{J(x,f)\geqslant 0}a.e. in Ω. Generalizations to higher dimensions are also given.
On some classes of differential equations and associated integral equations for the Laguerre–Appell polynomials
Authors: Khan Subuhi , Riyasat Mumtaz , Wani Shahid Ahmad
Published: December 2017

The article aims to explore some new classes of differential equations and associated integral equations for some hybrid families of Laguerre polynomials.
The recurrence relations and differential, integro-differential and partial differential equations for the hybrid Laguerre–Appell polynomials are derived via the factorization method.
An analogous study of these results for the hybrid Laguerre–Bernoulli, Euler and Genocchi polynomials is presented.
Further, the Volterra integral equations for the hybrid Laguerre–Appell polynomials and for their corresponding members are also explored.
Connecting the clinical IT infrastructure to a service-oriented architecture of medical devices
Authors: Andersen Björn , Kasparick Martin , Ulrich Hannes , Franke Stefan , Schlamelcher Jan , Rockstroh Max , Ingenerf Josef
Published: December 2017

The new medical device communication protocol known as IEEE 11073 SDC is well-suited for the integration of (surgical) point-of-care devices, so are the established Health Level Seven (HL7) V2 and Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standards for the communication of systems in the clinical IT infrastructure (CITI). An integrated operating room (OR) and other integrated clinical environments, however, need interoperability between both domains to fully unfold their potential for improving the quality of care as well as clinical workflows. This work thus presents concepts for the propagation of clinical and administrative data to medical devices, physiologic measurements and device parameters to clinical IT systems, as well as image and multimedia content in both directions. Prototypical implementations of the derived components have proven to integrate well with systems of networked medical devices and with the CITI, effectively connecting these heterogeneous domains. Our qualitative evaluation indicates that the interoperability concepts are suitable to be integrated into clinical workflows and are expected to benefit patients and clinicians alike. The upcoming HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) communication standard will likely change the domain of clinical IT significantly. A straightforward mapping to its resource model thus ensures the tenability of these concepts despite a foreseeable change in demand and requirements.
Estimation of the Time-Dependent Body Force Needed to Exert on a Membrane to Reach a Desired State at the Final Time
Authors: Boyadjiev Lyubomir , Rashedi Kamal , Sini Mourad
Published: December 2017

We are concerned with the wave propagation in a homogeneous 2D or 3D membrane Ω of finite size. We assume that either the membrane is initially at rest or we know its initial shape
(but not necessarily both) and its boundary is subject to a known boundary force.
We address the question of estimating the needed time-dependent body force to exert on the membrane to reach
a desired state at a given final time T. As an additional information, we ask for
the displacement on the boundary. We consider the displacement either at a single point of the boundary or on the whole boundary.
First, we show the uniqueness of solution of these inverse problems under natural conditions on the final time T. If, in addition, the displacement on the whole boundary is only time dependent (which means that the boundary moves with a constant speed), this condition on T is removed if Ω satisfies Schiffer’s property.
Second, we derive a conditional Hölder stability inequality for estimating such a time-dependent force. Third, we propose a numerical procedure based on the application of the satisfier function along with the standard Fourier expansion of the solution to the problems. Numerical tests are given to illustrate the applicability of the proposed procedure.
Computational Fluid Dynamics calculation of a planar solid oxide fuel cell design running on syngas
Authors: Pianko-Oprych Paulina , Zinko Tomasz , Jaworski Zdzisław
Published: December 2017

The present study deals with modelling and validation of a planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) design fuelled by gas mixture of partially pre-reformed methane. A 3D model was developed using the ANSYS Fluent Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool that was supported by an additional Fuel Cell Tools module. The governing equations for momentum, heat, gas species, ion and electron transport were implemented and coupled to kinetics describing the electrochemical and reforming reactions. In the model, the Water Gas Shift reaction in a porous anode layer was included. Electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide fuels were both considered. The developed model enabled to predict the distributions of temperature, current density and gas flow in the fuel cell.
The influence of supercritical foaming conditions on properties of polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering
Authors: Kosowska Katarzyna , Henczka Marek
Published: December 2017

The results of experimental investigations into foaming process of poly(ε-caprolactone) using supercritical CO2 are presented. The objective of the study was to explore the aspects of fabrication of biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolds that can be applied as a temporary three-dimensional extracellular matrix analog for cells to grow into a new tissue. The influence of foaming process parameters, which have been proven previously to affect significantly scaffold bioactivity, such as pressure (8-18 MPa), temperature (323-373 K) and time of saturation (1-6 h) on microstructure and mechanical properties of produced polymer porous structures is presented. The morphology and mechanical properties of considered materials were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray microtomography (μ-CT) and a static compression test. A precise control over porosity and morphology of obtained polymer porous structures by adjusting the foaming process parameters has been proved. The obtained poly(ε-caprolactone) solid foams prepared using scCO2 have demonstrated sufficient mechanical strength to be applied as scaffolds in tissue engineering.
An accurate Kriging-based regional ionospheric model using combined GPS/BeiDou observations
Authors: Abdelazeem Mohamed , Çelik Rahmi N. , El-Rabbany Ahmed
Published: December 2017

In this study, we propose a regional ionospheric model (RIM) based on both of the GPS-only and the combined GPS/BeiDou observations for single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) users in Europe. GPS/BeiDou observations from 16 reference stations are processed in the zero-difference mode. A least-squares algorithm is developed to determine the vertical total electron content (VTEC) bi-linear function parameters for a 15-minute time interval. The Kriging interpolation method is used to estimate the VTEC values at a 1 ° × 1 ° grid. The resulting RIMs are validated for PPP applications using GNSS observations from another set of stations. The SF-PPP accuracy and convergence time obtained through the proposed RIMs are computed and compared with those obtained through the international GNSS service global ionospheric maps (IGS-GIM). The results show that the RIMs speed up the convergence time and enhance the overall positioning accuracy in comparison with the IGS-GIM model, particularly the combined GPS/BeiDou-based model.
On Kierkegaard’s Reaction to H.N. Clausen
Authors: Suto Takaya
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this article is to rethink the relationship between Kierkegaard and the Enlightenment by looking at his reaction to Henrik Nicolai Clausen (1793-1877). Certainly, Kierkegaard did not display a historical-critical study of theology in his authorship such as that of Clausen, but nevertheless we can trace a line that runs from Clausen to Kierkegaard that tracks their strong focus and emphasis on the New Testament, self-appropriation, works after inner faith, critique of speculation, the limits of historical research and the positivity of Christianity. For Kierkegaard, Clausen was an important figure in revising the understanding of Christianity in 19th-century Denmark.
Comparative FEM Analysis of Gears Modeled With Analytical, Solid Subtracting and Mixed CAD Generating Method
Authors: Tolvaly-Rosca Ferenc , Kakucs András , Forgó Zoltán , Máté Márton
Published: December 2017

The paper proposes a comparative FEM analysis of gears solid model bodies, obtained with three different methods. The analytical method is based on the mathematical equations of the tooth flanks. It supposed to be the most accurate and precise solid modeling process. However, it reveals it’s limits by handling of surfaces that are not deduced mathematically, or in case of tooth geometries which needs to be modified in order to perform a quick test regarding the probably effects of the mentioned modifications. The solid subtraction- and the newly developed, mixed CAD method are pure CAD generating methods. As any discrete generating method, their precision is influenced by the fineness of the iteration steps. In case of the mixed CAD solution the precision is influenced by the filtering algorithm applied to the generated Points Cloud. The visual comparison of the three mentioned methods, was presented in previously published papers. The present paper validates the novel mixed CAD method comparing the FEA analysis of the generated solid models.
The Choquet integral with respect to fuzzy measures and applications
Authors: Sambucini Anna Rita
Published: December 2017

Fuzzy measures and Choquet asymmetric integral are considered here. As an application to economics some Core-Walras results are given.
Convergence results for a family of Kantorovich max-product neural network operators in a multivariate setting
Authors: Costarelli Danilo , Vinti Gianluca
Published: December 2017

The theory of multivariate neural network operators in a Kantorovich type version is here introduced and studied. The main results concerns the approximation of multivariate data, with respect to the uniform andLpnorms, for continuous andLpfunctions, respectively. The above family of operators, are based upon kernels generated by sigmoidal functions. Multivariate approximation by constructive neural network algorithms are useful for applications to neurocomputing processes involving high dimensional data. At the end of the paper, several examples of sigmoidal functions for which the above theory holds have been presented.
Feather topologies
Authors: Horbaczewska Grażyna
Published: December 2017

Topologies of special type in a product of two topological spaces are introduced and considered here, in a general case, then in ℝ
n
to finish on the plane. In the last case, the graph of any function is closed in the considered topology, so it leads to interesting examples of open sets. Our purpose is to study properties of these topologies and connections between them. We prove also that every continuous real function from the plane equipped with the considered topology is in the first class of Baire.
Equi-topological entropy curves for skew tent maps in the square
Authors: Buczolich Zoltán , Keszthelyi Gabriella
Published: December 2017

We consider skew tent maps T

α, β
(x) such that (α,β)∈[0,1]2 is the turning point of TT

α, β
, that is, T

α, β
=

β

α

$\begin{array}{}
\frac{{\beta}}{{\alpha}}
\end{array} $

x for 0≤ x ≤ α and T

α, β
(x) =

β

1
−

α

$\begin{array}{}
\frac{{\beta}}{1- {\alpha}}
\end{array} $

(1−x) for α < x ≤ 1. We denote by
M
= K(α,β) the kneading sequence of TT

α, β
and by h(α,β) its topological entropy. For a given kneading squence
M
we consider equi-kneading, (or equi-topological entropy, or isentrope) curves (α,φ

M

(α)) such that K(α,φ

M

(α)) =
M
. To study the behavior of these curves an auxiliary function Θ

M

(α,β) is introduced. For this function Θ

M

(α,φ

M

(α)) = 0, but it may happen that for some kneading sequences Θ

M

(α,β) = 0 for some β < φ

M

(α) with (α,β) still in the dynamically interesting quarter of the unit square. Using Θ

M

we show that the curves (α,φ

M

(α)) hit the diagonal {(β,β): 0.5 < β < 1} almost perpendicularly if (β,β) is close to (1,1). Answering a question asked by M. Misiurewicz at a conference we show that these curves are not necessarily exactly orthogonal to the diagonal, for example for
M
= RLLRC the curve (α,φ

M

(α)) is not orthogonal to the diagonal. On the other hand, for
M
= RLC it is.

With different parametrization properties of equi-kneading maps for skew tent maps were considered by J. C. Marcuard, M. Misiurewicz and E. Visinescu.
Selektive Degeneration dopaminerger Neurone beim Parkinson-Syndrom: die zunehmende Rolle von veränderter Kalziumhomöostase und nukleolärer Funktion
Authors: Parlato Rosanna , Liss Birgit
Published: December 2017

Morbus Parkinson (MP) ist die zweithäufigste neurodegenerative Erkrankung. Die klassische MP-Motorsymptomatik wird durch einen progressiven Dopaminverlust im Striatum verursacht, bzw. durch den fortschreitenden Verlust von Dopamin-ausschüttenden (DA) Neuronen im Mittelhirn (insbesondere in der Substantia nigra, SN, auch schwarze Substanz genannt). Da die Ursache für den MP immer noch unklar ist, stehen derzeit keine kurativen Therapien zur Verfügung. Es konnten aber eine Reihe von genetischen und umweltbedingten Triggerfaktoren identifiziert werden, die auf einen gemeinsamen, komplexen Pathomechanismus hinweisen, wobei metabolische Dysfunktion und geänderte Genexpression von besonderer Bedeutung sind. In diesem Artikel fassen wir diesen sich abzeichnenden Pathomechanismus zusammen, der die Grundlage für neuartige Therapiestrategien liefern könnte. Wir fokussieren uns auf geänderte Kalziumhomöostase sowie nukleoläre Funktion. Wir diskutieren, wie Tiermodelle mit beeinträchtigter Synthese von ribosomaler RNS im Nukleolus zur Identifizierung neuer zellspezifischer Vulnerabilitätsfaktoren beitragen können, wie komplexe homöostatische Adaptationsmechanismen der SN DA Neuronen eine flexible Anpassung ihrer funktionellen Aktivität an die metabolischen Bedürfnisse ermöglichen können, und wie genau diese Mechanismen SN DA Neurone besonders vulnerabel gegenüber degenerativen Triggerfaktoren und Zelltod im MP machen.
Study of impacts of different evaluation criteria on gamma pass rates in VMAT QA using MatriXX and EPID
Authors: Noufal Manthala Padannayil , Abdullah Kallikuzhiyil Kochunny , Niyas Puzhakkal , Subha Pallimanhayil Abdul Raheem
Published: December 2017

Aim: This study evaluates the impacts of using different evaluation criteria on gamma pass rates in two commercially available QA methods employed for the verification of VMAT plans using different hypothetical planning target volumes (PTVs) and anatomical regions.

Introduction: Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) is a widely accepted technique to deliver highly conformal treatment in a very efficient manner. As their level of complexity is high in comparison to intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), the implementation of stringent quality assurance (QA) before treatment delivery is of paramount importance.

Material and Methods: Two sets of VMAT plans were generated using Eclipse planning systems, one with five different complex hypothetical three-dimensional PTVs and one including three anatomical regions. The verification of these plans was performed using a MatriXX ionization chamber array embedded inside a MultiCube phantom and a Varian EPID dosimetric system attached to a Clinac iX. The plans were evaluated based on the 3%/3 mm, 2%/2 mm, and 1%/1 mm global gamma criteria and with three low-dose threshold values (0%, 10%, and 20%).

Results: The gamma pass rates were above 95% in all VMAT plans, when the 3%/3mm gamma criterion was used and no threshold was applied. In both systems, the pass rates decreased as the criteria become stricter. Higher pass rates were observed when no threshold was applied and they tended to decrease for 10% and 20% thresholds.

Conclusion: The results confirm the suitability of the equipments used and the validity of the plans. The study also confirmed that the threshold settings greatly affect the gamma pass rates, especially for lower gamma criteria.
Spatio-temporal trends in the predation of large gulls by peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) in an insular breeding population
Authors: Sutton Luke J. , Burrell Ryan A. , Loram Seb
Published: December 2017

Individual diet specialization occurs in many populations of generalist predators, with specific individuals developing specialist strategies in their feeding behaviour. Intraspecific resource partitioning is hypothesised to be common amongst species in higher trophic levels where competition for resources is intense, and a key driver in breeding success and community structure. Though well-studied in other predators, there is sparse data on ecological specialization in raptors, which are important drivers of community and trophic structure. In this study, the breeding season diet of an insular population of peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) was determined from indirect analysis of prey remains collected over three years. An unexpected result was the high proportion of large gulls (Laridae), of the genus Larus, in the diet of two breeding pairs of peregrines. Large gulls made up 18.44% by frequency of total prey recorded and 30.81% by biomass. Herring gulls (Larus argentatus) were the most common large gull prey, with immatures most frequent (67.95%) compared to adults (19.23%). Overall, most gulls predated were immatures (80.77%). Frequency of predation varied between breeding pairs and months, but was consistent over the three years. Most gulls were taken in April (37.17%), followed by May (19.23%), with a smaller peak of immature herring gulls taken in August and September. The pattern of regular predation by peregrines on large gulls is a new observation with important implications for understanding individual diet specialization in raptors, and its effect on bird populations and community structure.
Myth and Music - Enhancers of Balance. Between Tradition and Modernity
Authors: Milea Luminița
Published: December 2017

Along with literature, music, through the suggestiveness of the means of expression, manages to render in different compositional forms and genres the specific atmosphere and traits of the mythical universe. The Romanian musical creation has been dynamically asserted in an original manner over time, through the diversification of artistic means and a permanent adaptation of musical language to the aesthetic requirements of each compositional period. Skillfully wielding the processes of modern musical language, composers George Enescu, Aurel Stroe and Cornel Țăranu have given the contemporary public artistic masterpieces which impress by the personal manner of transposing into modernity the transcendent message of the myths of Oedipus and Orestes. The richness of the compositional means employed by the three composers creates bridges between antiquity and modernity, between the imaginary and the real universe.
Euripides – Dramatic Concept, Innovation and Style
Authors: Dulgheriu Ionuț
Published: December 2017

We can say that the Europidian Greek tragedy situated at the outset man to extreme limits, on the border where the divine begins. Any tragedy signifies and stimulates the energy of the hero to surpass himself through an incredible act of courage, to give a new measure of his greatness in the face of obstacles, to the unknown he meets in the world and in the society of his time. The tragedy shows us that in the very fact of human existence there is a challenge, or a paradox, it tells us that sometimes the aspirations of man come into conflict with the forces of the unexplained and destructive, which is beyond and yet very close to us. The poet and philosopher Euripides turns out to be a great humanist, he loves and sympathizes with the people, suggesting that by birth we are all equal.
Answers with strings
Authors: Ciobotaru Anca Doina
Published: December 2017

Carles Cannelas is a puppeteer who has a fine knowledge of the craft, an artist trained in the spirit of the creativity specific to visual arts, and of passion for shape and mechanism. His experience helps him dynamize his sculpture, control his emotions, and manage crises – onstage accidents. His gaze carefully supervises the state of the marionette, his fingers stroll through the strings with firm, yet delicate moves. He loves the character that was born out of his forty-year long experience that could be summed up by these numbers: tours on three continents, in seventeen countries, invitations to participate in two hundred and fifty-one festivals. His journey in the world of theatre has given him a mythical aura; in a way, there is an air of legend surrounding him.
“Bach never lacked violinists, so Peter never lacks puppeteers” – interview with the Bread and Puppet Theater
Authors: Petcu Ioana
Published: December 2017

The American Bread and Puppet Theater, funded and coordinated by Peter Schumann, answered the International Theater Festival for the Young Public’s invitation at its 10th edition. This event was a Prologue, according to the organizers, and took place on the 30th of September. I arrived at theater during their rehearsal for the show presented - “basic byebye cantastoria extravaganza”. It was a great opportunity for me to see the actors patiently adapting their voices to the new stage condition. During a break I talked with three of them – this is how I met young artists Esteli Kitchen, Joe Therrien and Josh Krugman, relaxed, full of energy, and easily immersing themselves into our dialogue, in which I carefully inserted some anarchic ideas and a dash of humor.
Lepage and the New “Myth” of Technology
Authors: Ciobotari Călin
Published: December 2017

Focusing on the famous Lepage’s Hamlet, seen in the National Theatre Festival, Bucharest, 2017, I try to discuss a few things about what appears to be a new “mythology” in making theatre: the myth of technology.
Programmed for sex: Nutrition–reproduction relationships from an inter-generational perspective
Authors: Sharpe Richard M
Published: December 2017

Reproduction is our biological reason for being. Our physiology has been shaped via countless millennia of evolution with this one purpose in mind, so that at birth we are ‘programmed for sex’, although this will not kick-start functionally until puberty. Our development from an early embryo is focused on making us fit to reproduce and is intimately connected to nutrition and energy stores. Fluctuations in food supply has probably been a key evolutionary shaper of the reproductive process, and this review hypothesizes that we have developed rapid, non-genomic adaptive mechanisms to such fluctuations to better fit offspring to their perceived (nutritional) environment, thus giving them a reproductive advantage. There is abundant evidence for this notion from ‘fetal programming’ studies and from experimental ‘inter-generational’ studies involving manipulation of parental (especially paternal) diet and then examining metabolic changes in resulting offspring. It is argued that the epigenetic reprogramming of germ cells that occurs during fetal life, after fertilisation and during gametogenesis provides opportunities for sensing of the (nutritional) environment so as to affect adaptive epigenetic changes to alter offspring metabolic function. In this regard, there may be adverse effects of a modern Western diet, perhaps because it is deficient in plant-derived factors that are proven to be capable of altering the epigenome, folate being a prime example; we have evolved in tune with such factors. Therefore, parental and even grandparental diets may have consequences for health of future generations, but how important this might be and the precise epigenetic mechanisms involved are unknown.
Cell-free fetal DNA and spontaneous preterm birth
Authors: van Boeckel Sara R , Davidson Donald J , Norman Jane E , Stock Sarah J
Published: December 2017

Inflammation is known to play a key role in preterm and term parturition. Cell-free fetal DNA (cff-DNA) is present in the maternal circulation and increases with gestational age and some pregnancy complications (e.g. preterm birth, preeclampsia). Microbial DNA and adult cell-free DNA can be pro-inflammatory through DNA-sensing mechanisms such as Toll-like receptor 9 and the Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway. However, the pro-inflammatory properties of cff-DNA, and the possible effects of this on pregnancy and parturition are unknown. Clinical studies have quantified cff-DNA levels in the maternal circulation in women who deliver preterm and women who deliver at term and show an association between preterm labor and higher cff-DNA levels in the 2nd, 3rd trimester and at onset of preterm birth symptoms. Together with potential pro-inflammatory properties of cff-DNA, this rise suggests a potential mechanistic role in the pathogenesis of spontaneous preterm birth. In this review, we discuss the evidence linking cff-DNA to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, obtained from preclinical and clinical studies.
A Rare Complication of Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ligation: Inadvertent Ligation of the Left Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Terlemez Semiha , Işık Onur , Şahin Suzan , Akcan Abdullah Barış , Kaynak Türkmen Münevver
Published: December 2017

Background: The inadvertent ligation of the left pulmonary artery (LPA) is a rarely seen surgical complication that has been presented in the literature in a limited number of cases after patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation surgery. Case Report: A PDA closure operation was performed on our patient, a 28-week-old preterm. In the postoperative follow-up, we identified on echocardiography taken on the same postoperative day that the ductus space was still present. On CT angiography, we determined that not only was the ductus space still continuing, but, in addition, ligation of the LPA had been performed inadvertently. An LPA reconstruction operation was performed on the patient 46 days after the first operation. However, owing to severe tissue damage in LPA, LPA reperfusion did not occur in the postoperative period. Conclusion: Although inadvertent ligation of the left pulmonary artery during PDA ligation surgery is rarely seen in patients who have undergone closure surgery, this complication should be kept in mind in the postoperative follow-up period. Patient findings such as physical examination, lung angiography and postoperative echocardiography should be assessed with this in mind.
A Case of Anterolateral Papillary Muscle Rupture Caused by Isolated First Diagonal Branch Occlusion
Authors: Kodama Hiroshi , Takahashi Shinya , Katayama Keijiro , Sueda Taijiro
Published: December 2017

A 74-year-old man hospitalized due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) of the first diagonal branch developed cardiogenic shock. Ultrasonography showed anterolateral papillary muscle rupture (PMR) which caused anterior mitral leaflet prolapse and severe mitral valve regurgitation, and he successfully underwent mitral valve replacement. Anterolateral PMR causing anterior mitral leaflet prolapse due to obstruction of the first diagonal branch is rare and should be considered in such an AMI case.
AuPt/3DOM CoCr2O4: Highly Active Catalysts for the Combustion of Methane
Authors: Xiyun Jiang  , Yuxi Liu, Jiguang Deng  , Xingtian Zhao  , Shan Sun  , Chengwei Zhai  , Fei Peng  , Hongxing Dai
Published: December 2017

Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) CoCr2O4 and its supported bimetallic Auy Pt nanocatalysts (xAuyPt/3DOM CoCr2O4, x = 0.49, 0.98, and 1.92 wt%; Au/Pt molar ratio (y) = 0.99, 0.98, and 1.01) were prepared using the polymethyl methacrylate-templating and polyvinyl alcohol-protected reduction methods, respectively. Physicochemical properties of the samples were characterized by means of various techniques. Catalytic activities of the xAuyPt/3DOM CoCr2O4 samples were evaluated for methane combustion. It is found that the 3DOM CoCr2O4 support possessed a single-phase and cubic spinel-type crystal structure, the xAuyPt/3DOM CoCr2O4 samples displayed a high-quality 3DOM architecture and a surface area of 32-33 m2/g, and the AuyPt nanoparticles (NPs) with a size of 3-5 nm were well dispersed on the 3DOM CoCr2O4 surface. The loading of an appropriate amount of AuyPt NPs could enhance the adsorbed oxygen species concentration and low-temperature reducibility of the sample. Among all of the samples, 0.98Au0.98Pt/3DOM CoCr2O4 showed the best catalytic performance: the T10%, T50%, and T90% (temperatures required for achieving methane conversion of 10, 50, and 90 %, respectively) were 253, 315, and 354 oC at a space velocity of 20,000 mL/(g h). It is concluded that the good activity of 0.98Au0.98Pt/3DOM CoCr2O4 was associated with its highly dispersed Au0.98Pt NPs, high adsorbed oxygen species concentration, good low-temperature reducibility, and strong interaction between Au0.98Pt NPs and 3DOM CoCr2O4.
Estimación y variabilidad temporal de talla de madurez gonadal de la caballa (Scomber japonicus peruanus, Jordán & Hubb, 1925) en el litoral peruano
Authors: Torrejón Magallanes Edgar Josymar , Sánchez Espinoza Javier , Mori Ponce Julio , Bouchón Corrales Marilú , Ñiquen Carranza Miguel
Published: December 2017

Se estimaron valores de la talla de madurez gonadal (L50) de la caballa (Scomber japonicus peruanus) para los años 1994 – 2017 en el litoral peruano. El análisis se realizó para el periodo noviembre - marzo donde ocurre la mayor actividad reproductiva. La proporción de hembras maduras en relación a la talla se ajustó mediante un modelo logístico binomial, para ello se utilizaron modelos lineales generalizados con efectos mixtos (MLGM) que asumieron efectos aleatorios asociados a los periodos. El ajuste con el MLGM, mediante sus efectos fjos estimó una L50 de 24.8 cm de longitud a la horquilla (LH) (24.69 cm – 24.9 cm), mientras que con cambios entre periodos, mediante sus efectos aleatorios, los valores oscilaron entre 20.4 cm y 27.0 cm de LH en promedio. Se observó que un aumento en la temperatura causó la disminución de la L50 en los periodos 1997 – 1999 y 2015 – 2016, los cuales coinciden con la presencia de eventos El Niño. Una correlación positiva fue encontrada entre las L50 y la biomasa desovante, estos cambios en las L50 podrían indicar un efecto de denso-dependencia. No se mostró una tendencia en la serie de L50, por tanto no habría un efecto de la presión de pesca, traducida como la tasa instantánea de mortalidad por pesca (F) sobre la L50. Sin embargo, creemos que estas disminuciones de la L50, en relación a una baja densidad poblacional y principalmente a un incremento en la F deben darse como un efecto a largo plazo y no en eventos puntuales como se reﬂejaron en nuestros resultados.
Niveles de mercurio en el tiburón martillo Sphyrna zygaena (Carcharhiniformes: Sphyrnidae) del norte del Perú
Authors: Gonzalez-Pestana Adriana , Alfaro-Shigueto Joanna , Mangel Jeffrey C. , Espinoza Pepe
Published: December 2017

El tiburón martillo (Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758)) es una de las especies de elasmobranquios más utilizada para consumo humano en el Perú. Sin embargo, se desconoce los niveles de mercurio que contiene su carne. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar los niveles de mercurio hallados en el músculo del tiburón martillo y su posible implicancia en la salud humana. Además, determinar si existe una correlación entre el tamaño del tiburón y los niveles de mercurio. Analizamos 27 muestras de músculo de neonatos y juveniles capturados en el norte del Perú. La concentración de mercurio varió entre 0.13 – 0.85 mg kg-1 peso húmedo. Se encontró una relación negativa y significativa entre el tamaño corporal del tiburón y los niveles de mercurio. Este trabajo representa el primer estudio que evalúa los niveles de mercurio de tiburones en el Perú. Si bien los valores hallados fueron menores a lo recomendado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (< 1 mg kg-1), se recomienda ampliar este tipo de estudios en individuos adultos de tiburón, así como en otros recursos hidrobiológicos de consumo humano.
Rango de extensión de la rata acuática peruana Neusticomys peruviensis (Rodentia: Cricetidae) en Perú
Authors: Gonzales Fiorella N. , Arce Merma Alayda , Zeballos Horacio
Published: December 2017

Neusticomys peruviensis (Musser & Gardner 1974) es una especie de roedor acuático perteneciente a la tribu Icthyomyini, es una especie endémica de Perú. Fue previamente conocida por tres especímenes, el espécimen tipo proviene de Balta, otro espécimen del Rio Shesha, ambos ubicados en el departamento de Ucayali y un tercer espécimen de Pakitza (departamento de Madre de Dios). Nosotros capturamos un espécimen adicional en el departamento de Cusco, con esto se extiende su distribución geográfica a 82.15 km al sur de su rango de distribución. Se necesitan más estudios detallados para conocer la ecología y la distribución de este roedor.
Increased Medicaid Payment and Participation by Office-Based Primary Care Pediatricians
Authors: Tang Suk-fong S. , Hudak Mark L. , Cooley Dennis M. , Shenkin Budd N. , Racine Andrew D.
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Whether the Medicaid primary care payment increase of 2013 to 2014 changed physician participation remains unanswered amid conflicting evidence. In this study, we assess national and state-level changes in Medicaid participation by office-based primary care pediatricians before and after the payment increase.

METHODS:

Using bivariate statistical analysis, we compared survey data collected from 2011 to 2012 and 2015 to 2016 by the American Academy of Pediatrics from state-stratified random samples of pediatrician members.

RESULTS:

By 4 of 5 indicators, Medicaid participation increased nationally from 2011 and 2012 to 2015 and 2016 (n = 10 395). Those accepting at least some new patients insured by Medicaid increased 3.0 percentage points (ppts) to 77.4%. Those accepting all new patients insured by Medicaid increased 5.9 ppts to 43.3%, and those accepting these patients at least as often as new privately insured patients increased 5.7 ppts to 55.6%. The average percent of patients insured by Medicaid per provider panel increased 6.0 ppts to 31.3%. Nonparticipants dropped 2.1 ppts to 14.6%. Of the 27 studied states, 16 gained in participation by 1 or more indicators, 11 gained by 2 or more, and 3 gained by all 5.

CONCLUSIONS:

Office-based primary care pediatricians increased their Medicaid participation after the payment increase, in large part by expanding their Medicaid panel percentage. Continued monitoring of physician participation in Medicaid at the national and state levels is vital for guiding policy to optimize timely access to appropriate health care for >37 million children insured by Medicaid.