bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytotherapy for seizure: An overview of the most important indigenous Iranian medicinal plants with anticonvulsant properties
Authors: Farzan Behrooz , Shahsavari Somayeh , Abbaszadeh Saber , Teimouri Hassan
Published: October 2019

The statistics show that more than fifty million people worldwide suffer from seizure and epilepsy, and most of them are resistant to antiepileptic drugs. The causes of seizure attacks are different, including various diseases of the nervous system, infections, tumors, brain trauma, congenital diseases, fever, toxicity and metabolic factors. Currently, drugs such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, valproic acid and diazepam are used to treat epileptic seizures, which in turn lead to side effects. Studies have shown that the use of natural and herbal antiseptic agents has beneficial and protective effects. In this review article, the most important indigenous Iranian medicinal plants used to treat seizures are reported. Information to conduct this review article has been obtained using the search terms seizure, neurological lesion, phytotherapy, Iran, medicinal plants, extracts and essential oils to retrieve articles indexed in databases such as Scopus, Scientific Information Database, Magiran, Google Scholar and other Persian databases. The relevant articles were further reviewed for medicinal plants with anticonvulsant properties. Based on the results, medicinal plants such as Peganum harmala, Lavandula officinalis, Matricaria chamomilla, Tanacetum sonbolii, Launaea acanthodes, Ocimum basilicum, Salvia sahendica, Ruta graveolens, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Ziziphora tenuior, Heracleum persicum and Scrophularia striata are among the most important medicinal plants in Iran with anticonvulsant effect.
Chloroplasts of cold-tolerant plants
Authors: Bilyavska Ninel Olexandrivna , Fediuk Olga Myronivna , Zolotareva Elena Konstantinovna
Published: October 2019

Cold is one of the main stress factors affecting plant growth and development. The structure and function of chloroplasts is most vulnerable to cold. This brief review summarizes the influence of low temperature on both chloroplasts’ structure and functioning across cold-tolerant plant species. One of the features of the chloroplast structure is the presence of stromules. We attempted to define a core set of such changes for plants with different habitats. Some changes might be consistent across all species, which were studied; however, some other characteristics were species- or family-specific. Elucidating the interrelation between the mechanisms controlling photosynthesis during cold stress will facilitate the development of strategies to enhance plant tolerance to low-temperature environmental conditions.
Comparative resistance and yield performance of summer mungbean mutants and varieties as affected by MYMV
Authors: Sardar Md. Mahmudul Hasan Arif , Rahman Habibur , Islam Md. Shahidul , Sarker Mohammad Saiful Alam , Bashar Kazi Khayrul
Published: October 2019

An experiment was conducted in the research field of the Department of Plant Pathology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University during February to April 2013 to select Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) resistant mutant/variety under natural epiphytotic condition. The screening was made on the six mungbean genotypes including three advanced mutant lines, MBM-07, MBM-21, MBM-88 and three varieties Bina mung-5, Bina mung-6, Bina mung-8 as check, to evaluate their reaction to MYMV at flowering and pod maturity stages. It was observed that at the flowering stage of MBM-21, MBM-88, and Bina mung-6 were found resistant with percent disease incidence recorded from 0.5, 1.0, and 0.5 percent respectively. At the maturity stage, no genotype were found to be immune and the disease incidence varied from the lowest 0.5 % in MBM-21 to highest 26 % in MBM-7. The mutant MBM-21 and variety Bina mung-6 were found moderately resistant with disease incidence ranging from 1 to 10 %. Among the less MYMV infected mungbean mutants, MBM-21 gave the highest yield (1569 kg ha-1) and the lowest yield was in MBM-07 (1183kg ha-1). The mutants MBM-21 completed by the short duration of 61.67 days as compared to check Bina mung-6 (67.33 days). Out of six summer screened mungbean mutants and varieties, MBM-21 exhibited highest resistance in both flowering and pod maturity stage. Therefore, MBM-21 might be selected as a resistant variety against MYMV after further trail in different Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZ) of Bangladesh.
Testing for Weak-Form Market Efficiency in the Botswana Stock Market
Authors: Mphoeng Mphoeng
Published: October 2019

The theory of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) has been debated extensively. In this study the runs test was employed on the Botswana Stock Exchange daily Domestic Companies and Foreign Companies indices to test whether the Botswana stock market follows the random walk process and subsequently determine weak-form market efficiency. The results of the runs test showed that the indices do not follow the random walk process. As a result the Botswana stock market is determined to be weak-form market inefficient and rejects the efficient market hypothesis accordingly.
Pełnomocnik Praw Małych Rdzennych Ludów Północy w Republice Sacha (Jakucja)
Authors: Nowak Krystian , Pogłódek Andrzej
Published: October 2019

W pracy dokonano analizy obowiązującego ustawodawstwa Republiki Sacha (Jakucja) w zakresie dotyczącym Pełnomocnika Praw Małych Rdzennych Ludów Północy. Egzegeza aktów prawnych pozwoliła wskazać ramy prawne statusu Pełnomocnika Praw Małych Rdzennych Ludów Północny jako jednego z mechanizmów polityki narodowościowej wobec małych rdzennych grup etnicznych w Republice Sacha (Jakucja). Przeprowadzona analiza uwzględnia podejście systemowe, porównawcze oraz dogmatyczne. Wskazano dobre rozwiązania, a także niedociągnięcia w mechanizmie prawnej ochrony małych rdzennych ludów Północy przez Pełnomocnika. We wnioskach wskazano na potrzebę dalszego udoskonalania ustawodawstwa Sachy (Jakucji) o Pełnomocniku Praw Małych Rdzennych Ludów Północy.
Protection of the reputation of the Polish Nation and the Republic of Poland
Authors: Skrzypczak Jędrzej
Published: October 2019

Pretekstem do podjęcia tej problematyki ochrony dobrego imienia Narodu Polskiego i Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej było uchwalenie w styczniu 2018 r. wzbudzającej ogromne kontrowersje ustawy o zmianie ustawy o Instytucie Pamięci Narodowej. W ten sposób wprowadzono przepisy przewidujące ochronę dobrego imienia Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej i Narodu Polskiego. Pośród nich zaproponowano przepisy art. 53o i 53p przewidujące odpowiedzialność cywilnoprawną. Ten fragment ustawy przeszedł właściwie niezauważony, inaczej niż wzbudzające ogromne emocje przepisy przewidujące odpowiedzialność karną. Z pewnością pełna analiza tego aktu normatywnego wymaga znacznie dłuższego czasu. Jak wyżej próbowano wykazać, przyjęta regulacja rodzi szereg wątpliwości i pytań o jej właściwą wykładnię. Pomija w zasadzie całkowicie dorobek judykatury, który w poprzednim stanie prawnym pozwalał członkowi określonej grupy np. Narodu Polskiego dochodzenia roszczeń w przypadku naruszenia poczucia godności narodowej.
Management of Television Advertising Content Based on the Value of Health
Authors: Barańska Marzena
Published: October 2019

Świat, w którym żyje człowiek jest zbiorem wartości, utworzonych przez niego i dla niego. Jako istota wolna, dokonuje ich wyboru, kieruje się nimi w codziennych zachowaniach, postawach, uznając za cenne, godne wysiłku. Uznane społecznie czy indywidualnie wpływają na decyzje podejmowane w sferach: ekonomicznej, estetycznej, moralnej, prawnej, poznawczej czy religijnej. Ich doniosłość i wpływ zauważyli także autorzy komunikatów reklamowych. Odpowiednio dobrane dla danego rynku, kształtują treść komunikatów reklamowych i mają znaczenie w komunikacji przedsiębiorstwa z konsumentami. Szczególnie zaobserwować to można w przekazach rekomendujących leki. Odwoływanie się czy powoływanie wartości szczególnie cenionej, jaką jest „zdrowie”, jest nie tylko uzasadnione, ale pozwala nabywcom na dokonywanie wyboru tych produktów, które w ich ocenie gwarantują osiągnięcie dobrostanu, stanu bezchorobowego. Zarządzanie treścią reklamy poprzez swoistego rodzaju „obrazowanie” zdrowia w reklamach jest konsekwencją stosowania różnych środków perswazyjnych.
Die Umsetzung der Konvention über die Rechte von Menschen mit Behinderungen in Deutschland: Aufgaben und Chancen für Bibliotheken
Authors: Sieberns Anne
Published: October 2019

Seit Inkrafttreten der UN-Konvention über die Rechte von Menschen mit Behinderungen in Deutschland im Jahr 2009 haben Bibliotheken als öffentlich zugängliche Einrichtungen eine Verpflichtung zur Umsetzung von Barrierefreiheit und Inklusion. Das ist keine kleine Aufgabe, aber auch eine Chance. Denn es kann die Bedeutung von Bibliotheken bei der Umsetzung der Rechte aller Menschen auf Zugang zu Informationen, Bildung und kultureller Teilhabe stärken und sichtbarer machen.
Developing Endogenous Innovations: Corporate Entrepreneurship and Effectuation
Authors: Parker Jennifer , Corner Patricia Doyle , Woodfield Paul J. , Singh Smita
Published: October 2019

We empirically explore the process of corporate entrepreneurship (CE) through the conceptual lens of effectuation, a theory describing how entrepreneurs innovate. In particular, we investigate how endogenous innovations emerge and evolve into new products or services. The study thus provides an alternative perspective to most CE research that assumes a causation or rational-analytic approach to innovation. We implement a qualitative, multi-case study research design with corporate innovation projects as the level of analysis. Data are from interviews as well as secondary sources and were analyzed using within and cross case analysis. Findings reveal organic stages through which ideas are shaped into viable products. Findings show important effectuation principles at work including stakeholder commitments, affordable loss thinking, and a focus on control instead of prediction. Interestingly, findings illustrate how effectuation may differ in the corporate as compared to the new venture context. Implications for the wider literature are discussed along with limitations of the research design.
Applying the interlanguage approach to language teaching
Authors: Pallotti Gabriele
Published: October 2019

The term interlanguage can be used to refer both to the object of investigation, i. e. learners’ L2 competences as instantiated in their linguistic productions, or to an approach to investigating such competences and describing such productions. In this second sense, it has major implications for both research and teaching, as it involves treating learners’ utterances as being based on separate linguistic systems, which need to be described in their own right, with no reference to other languages, including the L2. The didactic consequences of the interlanguage approach include, among other things, a different attitude towards errors, greater learners’ autonomy and a focus on linguistic experimentation and hypotheses-testing. The article reports on a project that applied these principles in some Italian primary schools. Pupils worked in groups to produce long, complex and well-organized written texts retelling a silent movie. Data collected at the beginning and end of the school year reveal that these experimental classes outperformed control classes on a number of dimensions, including group cohesion and motivation, text quality assessed with rating scales, and objective measures like text length, number of idea units, use of punctuation and cohesive devices. It is argued that interlanguage analysis and the interlanguage approach should become an integral part of teacher training in all areas of language education.
Modeling a Neurexin-3α Human Mutation in Mouse Neurons Identifies a Novel Role in the Regulation of Transsynaptic Signaling and Neurotransmitter Release at Excitatory Synapses
Authors: Restrepo Susana , Langer Nora J. , Nelson Kylan A. , Aoto Jason
Published: October 2019

Presynaptic α-neurexins are highly expressed and more frequently linked to neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders than β-neurexins. However, how extracellular sequences specific to α-neurexins enable synaptic transmission is poorly understood. We identified a mutation in an extracellular region of neurexin-3α (A687T), located in a region conserved among α-neurexins and throughout vertebrate evolution, in a patient diagnosed with profound intellectual disability and epilepsy. We systematically interrogated this mutation using a knockdown-replacement approach, and discovered that the A687T mutation enhanced presynaptic morphology and increased two critical presynaptic parameters: (1) presynaptic release probability, and (2) the size of the readily releasable pool exclusively at excitatory synapses in mixed sex primary mouse hippocampal cultures. Introduction of the mutationin vivoand subsequent analysis inex vivobrain slices made from male and female mice revealed a significant increase in excitatory presynaptic neurotransmission that occluded presynaptic but not postsynaptic LTP. Mechanistically, neurexin-3αA687Tenhanced binding to LRRTM2 without altering binding to postsynaptic neuroligin-1. Thus, neurexin-3αA687Tunexpectedly produced the first neurexin presynaptic gain-of-function phenotype and revealed unanticipated novel insights into how α-neurexin extracellular sequences govern both transsynaptic adhesion and presynaptic neurotransmitter release.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDespite decades of scientific scrutiny, how precise α-neurexin extracellular sequences control synapse function remains enigmatic. One largely unpursued avenue to identify the role of precise extracellular sequences is the interrogation of naturally occurring missense mutations. Here, we identified a neurexin-3α missense mutation in a compound heterozygous patient diagnosed with profound intellectual disability and epilepsy and systematically interrogated this mutation. Usingin vitroandin vivomolecular replacement, electrophysiology, electron microscopy, and structure–function analyses, we reveal a novel role for neurexin-3α, unanticipated based on α-neurexin knock-out models, in controlling presynaptic morphology and neurotransmitter release at excitatory synapses. Our findings represent the first neurexin gain-of-function phenotype and provide new fundamentally important insight into the synaptic biology of α-neurexins.
Vitiligo: Challenging Cultural Assumptions and Shaping Identity
Authors: Khuld Hamna
Published: October 2019

Vitiligo is a skin condition where pigmentation stops developing, leaving people with white spots on their bodies. Vitiligo is likely caused by gene mutation and is hereditary, but it can happen to anyone. From a medical standpoint, it is a physically harmless condition but it has vast socio-cultural impact. This study was conducted at the Annual World Vitiligo Conference in Detroit, Michigan and on the internet (Instagram and Facebook), through participant-observation at the event, textual analysis of blog posts, and interviews online and in-person, respectively. Through these methods, three discourses emerged: 1) Feeling outcast, 2) Vitiligo as beautiful, and 3) Solidarity. I documented the way cultural assumptions about conditions and disabilities shape the identity of those who have it. These interviews suggest that vitiligo is as much a cultural condition as it is a medical condition. Although more research is needed, people living with vitiligo stated that greater representation of individuals with the condition is needed in the media and pop culture to enlighten the public about vitiligo and improve the day to day interactions of individuals with the condition.
USP8 mutations in corticotroph adenomas determine a distinct gene expression profile irrespective of functional tumour status
Authors: Bujko Mateusz , Kober Paulina , Boresowicz Joanna , Rusetska Natalia , Paziewska Agnieszka , Dąbrowska Michalina , Piaścik Agata , Pękul Monika , Zieliński Grzegorz , Kunicki Jacek , Bonicki Wiesław , Ostrowski Jerzy , Siedlecki Janusz A , Maksymowicz Maria
Published: October 2019

Objective

Pituitary corticotroph adenomas commonly cause Cushing’s disease (CD) but part of these tumours are hormonally inactive (silent corticotroph adenomas, SCA). USP8 mutations are well-known driver mutations in corticotrophinomas. Differences in transcriptomic profiles between functioning and silent tumours or tumours with different USP8 status have not been investigated.

Design and methods

Forty-eight patients (28 CD, 20 SCA) were screened for USP8 mutations with Sanger sequencing. Twenty-four patients were included in transcriptomic profiling with Ampliseq Transcriptome Human Gene Expression Core Panel. The entire patients group was included in qRT-PCR analysis of selected genes expression. Immunohistochemistry was used for visualization of selected protein.

Results

We found USP8 mutation in 15 patients with CD and 4 SCAs. USP8 mutations determine molecular profile of the tumours as showed by hierarchical clustering and identification of 1648 genes differentially expressed in USP8-mutated and USP8-wild-type tumours. Mutations affect many molecular pathways as observed in Gene Set Enrichment analysis. USP8-mutated adenomas showed higher level of POMC, CDC25A, MAPK4 but lower level of CCND2, CDK6, CDKN1B than USP8-wt tumours. Eighty-seven genes differentially expressed between CD-related adenomas and SCAs were found, including those involved in cell signalling (GLI2, DLC1, TBX2, RASSF6), cell adhesion (GJA1, CDH6), ion transport (KCNN4, KCNJ5) and GABA signalling (GABBR2, GABRD).

Conclusion

USP8 mutations occur in functioning and silent corticotrophinomas. They have pleiotropic effect, not limited to EGFR signalling, and affect expression levels of many genes involved in different pathways. Expression of GABA-related genes GABBR2, GNAL, GABARD and KCNJ5 correspond to functional status of the tumours.
Bioactive fragments of laminin and collagen chains: lesson from the testis
Authors: Li Huitao , Liu Shiwen , Wu Siwen , Li Linxi , Ge Renshan , Cheng C Yan
Published: October 2019

Recent studies have shown that the testis is producing several biologically active peptides, namely the F5- and the NC1-peptides from laminin-γ3 and collagen α3 (IV) chain, respectively, that promotes blood–testis barrier (BTB) remodeling and also elongated spermatid release at spermiation. Also the LG3/4/5 peptide from laminin-α2 chain promotes BTB integrity which is likely being used for the assembly of a ‘new’ BTB behind preleptotene spermatocytes under transport at the immunological barrier. These findings thus provide a new opportunity for investigators to better understand the biology of spermatogenesis. Herein, we briefly summarize the recent findings and provide a critical update. We also present a hypothetical model which could serve as the framework for studies in the years to come.
Technology Capability and the Internationalization Strategies of New Ventures
Authors: Zou Huan , Liu Xiaohui , Ghauri Pervez
Published: October 2019

This study investigates the impact of technological capability and the combination of technological capability, networking capability and financial capital on growth strategies adopted by new ventures in China. Technological capability needs leveraging through the process of combining with other capabilities. The results show that the interaction between technological capability and networking capability increases the possibility that a new venture chooses an internationalisation strategy. Technology capability provides a base to allow networks to have a positive impact on internationalisation strategies. The findings from the study provide a better understanding of technology capability and its impact on internationalisation strategies. This study also generates some important implications for high-tech new ventures in emerging economies.
Sms Advertising in India: is Tam a Robust Model for Explaining Intention?
Authors: Bamoriya Hemant , Singh Rajendra
Published: October 2019

This study examined mobile users’ intentions to receive SMS advertising in India using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a research framework. 242 respondents completed a structured questionnaire, measuring their responses to the TAM’s five constructs. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) both measurement model and structural model testing was done to analyze the data. The findings suggested that specified TAM model contributed to 81.8% of variance in the intention to receive SMS advertising and was a valid model in explaining the intention to receive SMS advertising. The study indicated that perceived utility was a much better predictor of attitude towards SMS advertising than perceived ease of use and perceived trust. The study suggested that in order to increase acceptance of SMS advertising marketers should focus more on increasing utility of SMS ads, so that users would develop positive attitudes towards SMS advertising.
Evidence of Reverse Brain Drain in Selected Asian Countries: Human Resource Management Lessons for Malaysia
Authors: Ismail Maimunah , Kunasegaran Mageswari , Rasdi Roziah Mohd
Published: October 2019

Reverse brain drain (RBD) is a fertile area to examine in the inter-countries movement of professionals. The basic idea of RBD is that the professionals who migrated to the industrialized nations represent potential human resources for the socioeconomic development of their home countries. It is argued that every ‘brain drain’ is a potential ‘brain gain’ for a country. However, there is inconclusive evidence on the best practices of RBD that may become lessons for any country to adopt in tapping the valuable experiences of the intellectual elites. Using ‘human capital theory’ and ’diffusion of innovation theory’, this conceptual paper specifically aims i) to illustrate evidence of the best practices of RBD in selected Asian developing countries of South Korea, Taiwan, China, and India that have commended track records in dealing with RBD; and ii) to suggest strategies for Malaysia, which is a beginner in developing the RBD programs, to adopt the best practices as experienced by the selected countries.
Symbiotic Vs Commensal Networking: the Case of Textile SMEs in China and Russia
Authors: Mikhailitchenko Andrey , Sadovnikova Anna
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this research is to contribute to the literature addressing the characteristics of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) based on the sample drawn from two emerging economies – China and Russia. The study investigates the intensity and typology of networking activities that SMEs are involved in. The research contributes to the field by empirically investigating, testing, and putting into a unified framework the measurement tools required for identifying symbiotic and commensal types of SMEs’ networking interactions. It also provides an insight into attitudinal, managerial, cultural, and environmental factors that condition these two types of networking and influence SMEs’ willingness to globalize their operations and thus make their networks international. The overriding framework of the study can be stated as developing, validating and testing the symbiotic networking concept relatively to the international business studies. In this way, the study contributes to overcoming the criticism that network theory is not predictive by nature and is not testable.
Corporate Governance Structures and Performance of Firms in Asian Markets: a Comparative Analysis Between Singapore and Vietnam
Authors: Tuan Nguyen Van , Tuan Nguyen Anh
Published: October 2019

A cross-country comparative analysis of corporate governance structures and financial performance of publicly listed companies in Singapore and Vietnam, covering a four-year period from 2008 to 2011, is undertaken in this study. More specifically, the similarities and differences in the corporate governance structures and financial performance of the companies are compared and interpreted in the institutional context of each market. On an average basis, we find that the size, composition and diversity of the boards in these two markets are statistically significantly different. In contrast, there is no statistical evidence to reject the similarities in ownership structure, board leadership structure, and financial performance between the firms of the two markets. In addition, our comparative analysis on the corporate governance structures–financial performance nexus also reveals that the performance effects of corporate governance structures vary significantly between the two markets, thus supporting the view that the performance effects of corporate governance structures are country-specific. Our findings suggest that country-level characteristics should be captured when modelling the corporate governance–firm performance relationship in cross-country comparative corporate governance research.
The Impact of Self-directed Learning on Work Performance of Lawyers
Authors: Alonderienė Raimonda , Suchotina Nina
Published: October 2019

Lawyers mostly work individually and unobserved by supervisors, therefore, their employers want to make sure they gain sufficient competence to perform well. There is little previous research on the direct relationship between self-directed learning and individual work performance. Therefore, the goal of the paper is to analyze how self-directed learning influences individual work performance of lawyers in Lithuania.

Our study is based on a quantitative research method, a self-reported questionnaire including 267 lawyers. The self-directed learning readiness (Guglielmino, adapted by Hashim, 2007) and individual task performance (Koopmans et al., 2012) scales were chosen. The correlation and regression analysis is performed to answer the question of the research.

The survey revealed that self-directed learning dimensions explain up to 32.5 % of variance in individual work performance expressed by task performance. Determination, initiative, confidence and reflection in learning have statistically significant influence on individual work performan between self-directed learning and individual work performance of lawyers. Also, the topic is under-researched in the context of emerging economies.

The paper is original as few if any previous studies analyze the relationship between self-directed learning and individual work performance of lawyers. Also, the topic is under-researched in the context of emerging economies.
KONSEP DAKWAH PERSPEKTIF ULAMA BETAWI
Authors: Zakaria Zakaria
Published: October 2019

Abstraks: Dakwah yang dikembangkan ulama Betawi melalui tiga bentuk, yaitu bi al-lisan, bi al-qolam dan bi al-hal. Jaringan intelektual ulama Betawi terkoneksi dengan jaringan enam guru utama ulama Betawi yaitu Guru Marzuqi, Guru Mansyur, Guru Mugni, Guru Madjid, Guru Romli dan Guru Kholid. Melalui jalur keenam guru utama ini, ulama Betawi sanad keilmuannya terkoneksi dengan ulama di Timur Tengah. Konsep dakwah yang dirumuskan ulama Betawi adalah dakwah yang berlandaskan akidah ahlu al-sunah wa al-jamaah, bertasawuf al-Ghazali dan bermazhab Imam Syafii.Fokus analisis penelitian ini berdasarkan tiga hal, yaitu bagaimana konsep dakwah perspektif ulama Betawi, Apakah jaringan inteletual ulama betawi memiliki sanad keilmuan dengan ulama Timur Tengah?, Apa Konsep dakwah yang diterapkan oleh ulama Betawi?. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif melalui tiga tahap pengumpulan data, yaitu wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Subyek penelitiannya adalah KH. Abdullah Syafii di Perguruan Asy Syafiiyah Jakarta dan KH. Abdurrahman Nawi di Depok. Sebagai pisau analisis adalah teori jaringan ulama azyumardi Azra dan sistem dakwah Amrullah Achmad.Kata kunci: Jaringan Intelektual, Ulama Betawi, Konsep Dakwah.
Kinerja dan Adaptasi Organisasi Pengelola Zakat (OPZ) di Provinsi DI Yogyakarta Pasca Judicial Review UU Zakat No. 23 Tahun 2011
Authors: Hidayat Taufik
Published: October 2019

DI Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki potensi zakat yang cukup besar. Hal tersebut terjadi seiring dengan tumbuhnya kesadaran masyarakat kelas menengah muslim untuk menyalurkan dana amal mereka melalui lembaga-lembaga pengelola zakat. Untuk itu penting dilakukan penelitian “Kinerja dan Adaptasi Organisasi Pengelola Zakat (OPZ) di Provinsi DI Yogyakarta Pasca Judicial Review UU Zakat No. 23 Tahun 2011”. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dalam bentuk Action Research (AR) modifikasi. Subjek penelitian adalah stakeholder zakat yang dipilih secara ditentukan.
State Policy of Nation-Building in Russia: Content, Institutions and Mechanisms
Authors: Bakhlova Olga V. , Bakhlov Igor V.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the need to effectively support the process of nation-building which implies coping with social and political tasks that are fundamental for the Russian state and the population of the country. This is the completion of the formation of the Russian nation, ensuring civil, ethno-cultural, and territorial identities, taking into account their balanced and harmonious coexistence and development, preservation and strengthening of national identity in the adverse conditions of global, regional and internal trends and challenges. The purpose of the study is to conceptualize the state policy of nation-building in modern Russia and to identify its content, institutions and mechanisms of formation and implementation by means of interpreting expert assessments and the practice of the responsible bodies in the structure of the federal government.

Materials and Methods. The study is based on the materials of an expert survey on the issues of nation-building, on the data from the official websites of the relevant committees of the State Duma and the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, as well as from the System for ensuring legislative activity. The analysis of the activities of parliamentary committees was performed using institutional, comparative, and the formal legal methods.

Results. The authors have proposed a variant of the conceptualization of the state policy of nation-building through creating a hierarchy of factors of nation-building, highlighting its key areas, methods and technologies, explaining the specifics of the normative consolidation, the structure and the implementation mechanisms. In terms of the inventory, codification and demonstration of the issue, the status-role characteristics of the parliamentary institutions involved in the nation-building process have been identified and emphasized.

Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study have theoretical and practical significance. The systemic idea of the essence and content of the state policy of nation-building has been formulated and substantiated. The main areas of concern, the established constants, and new vectors in the activities of the relevant committees and in the relations between the federal bodies of legislative and executive power have been revealed. The results of the study can be used to improve their work in various areas of the public policy focused on promoting nation-building, expanding and deepening the dialogue between the authorities and non-governmental institutions.
YouTube as a Factor in Shaping the Protest Potential of Young People
Authors: Bareev Maxim Yu. , Kachurina Irina O.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. The relevance of the work is due to the increased protest activity of young people in recent years, resulting from the dissatisfaction with the actions of the supreme authorities. Young people’s solidarity on a number of sociopolitical issues and the ability to consolidate in protest activity, if the situation requires it, invite considerations of the presence of a serious protest potential among young people. The purpose of the work is to study the influence of the Russian segment of YouTube on the formation of the protest potential of young people in a region.

Materials and Methods. The article presents the materials of the sociological survey ‘Analysis of the Potential of YouTube as a Factor in the Formation of the Protest Movement among Young People’ conducted using the sampling method (availability sampling) in accordance with the methodology devised by J. Mueller and K. Schuessler.

Results. The study has revealed that the overwhelming majority of young people in the region are aware of various protests taking place in Russia. An interesting and at the same time contradictory trend of ‘ageing’ of the protest potential in the regions has been noticed: the older the respondents are the more proportion of them watch ‘oppositional’ YouTube channels. The ‘oppositional’ channels most viewed by young people have been identified, they are: Alexey Navalny’s сhannel, ‘Dozhd’ (TV Rain) channel, ‘Kamikadzedead’, ‘VALERON 2%’, and ‘Novosti SVERKHDERZHAVY’ (Superpower News).

Discussion and Conclusion. Analysis of the research results has shown that YouTube is the second most popular media resource in Russia and, along with social networks, is becoming an influential discourse platform for discussing socially important domestic issues, where the so-called ‘oppositional’ YouTube channels have a significant influence on public opinion, form a news agenda, set the tone for public debate. The results of the study can be used by the authorities in improving regional information and socio-economic policies, by law enforcement officers and special services for the development and planning of programs to prevent manifestations of extremism.
La ampliación del corpus de la literatura colonial centroamericana: reflexiones teóricas
Authors: Sánchez Mora Alexánder
Published: October 2019

Este artículo propone la ampliación del corpus de la literatura colonial centroamericana mediante una apertura que le permita incluir textos que, desde una perspectiva genérica tradicional, habían sido definidos exclusivamente como documentos históricos. A partir de algunas propuestas del historiador Hayden White, de la estética de la recepción alemana de Hans R. Jauss y de la semántica cognitiva, se intenta mostrar cómo la larga tradición textual de las relaciones de fiestas, que abarca desde mediados del siglo XVII hasta inicios del XIX, constituye parte imprescindible de la formación discursiva literaria del barroco centroamericano.
MANAJEMEN PENGEMBANGAN WAKAF PRODUKTIF ERA DIGITAL DI LEMBAGA WAKAF BANI UMAR
Authors: Syaifullah Hamli Syaifullah , Idrus Ali
Published: October 2019

The Community Service Program (PKM) for internal lecturers tries to collaborate with The Bani Umar Waqf Institute, an institution that is concerned in collecting and developing waqf assets to be more productive. The method used is case studi, with direct involvement with the Bani Umar Waqf Institute for approximately 6 months. From the initial review of the author at The Bani Umar Waqf Institute, found two crucial problems that exist within the institution, namely regarding the lack of human resources and marketing channels. Then, the authors propose two concepts to answer these crucial problems, namely the concept of Human Resource Management based on volunteers, and create digital-based marketing channels.
Neural Machine Translation between Vietnamese and English: an Empirical Study
Authors: Phan-Vu Hong-Hai , Tran Viet Trung , Nguyen Van Nam , Dang Hoang Vu , Do Phan Thuan
Published: October 2019

Machine translation is shifting to an end-to-end approach based on deep neural networks. The state of the art achieves impressive results for popular language pairs such as English - French or English - Chinese. However for English - Vietnamese the shortage of parallel corpora and expensive hyper-parameter search present practical challenges to neural-based approaches. This paper highlights our efforts on improving English-Vietnamese translations in two directions: (1) Building the largest open Vietnamese - English corpus to date, and (2) Extensive experiments with the latest neural models to achieve the highest BLEU scores. Our experiments provide practical examples of effectively employing different neural machine translation models with low-resource language pairs.
Nonlinear approximations of functions having mixed smoothness
Authors: Nguyen Cuong Manh
Published: October 2019

For multivariate Besov-type classes $U^a_{p,\theta}$ of functions having nonuniform mixed smoothness  $a\in\rr^d_+$, we obtain the asumptotic order of entropy numbers $\epsilon_n(U^a_{p,\theta},L_q)$ and non-linear widths $\rho_n(U^a_{p,\theta},L_q)$ defined via pseudo-dimension.  We obtain also the asymptotic order of optimal methods of adaptive sampling recovery in $L_q$-norm of functions in $U^a_{p,\theta}$ by sets of a finite capacity which is measured by their cardinality or pseudo-dimension.
SEARCH FOR ENTITIES BASED ON THE IMPLICIT SEMANTIC RELATIONS
Authors: Quan Tran Lam , Thang Vu Tat
Published: October 2019

The ability to infer undefined information/knowledge by similar inference is one of the natural abilities of human. The paper aims to study, simulate the above ability. The IRS model searches for undefined information/knowledge from an unfamiliar domain using similarities from familiar domains, through query. Because the semantic relations or similarities are not explicitly stated in the query, the IRS model is called an implicit semantic entity search model. The paper presents extracting, clustering, ranking techniques and a model of implicit relational search on Vietnamese language domain.
A NEW HYBRID FUZZY TIME SERIES FORECASTING MODEL BASED ON COMBINING FUZZY C-MEANS CLUSTERING AND PARTICLE SWAM OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Tinh Nghiem Van , Dieu Nguyen Cong
Published: October 2019

Fuzzy time series (FTS) model is one of the effective tools that can be used to identify factors in order to solve the complex process and uncertainty. Nowadays, it has been widely used in many forecasting problems. However, establishing effective fuzzy relationships groups, finding proper length of each interval, and building defuzzification rule are three issues that exist in FTS model. Therefore, in this paper, a novel FTS forecasting model based on fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering and particle swarm optimization (PSO) was developed to enhance the forecasting accuracy. Firstly, the FCM clustering is used to divide the historical data into intervals with different lengths. After generating interval, the historical data is fuzzified into fuzzy sets. Following, fuzzy relationship groups were established based on the appearance history of the fuzzy sets on the right-hand side of the fuzzy logical relationships with the aim to serve for calculating the forecasting output.  Finally, the proposed model combined with PSO algorithm was applied to adjust interval lengths and find proper intervals in the universe of discourse for obtaining the best forecasting accuracy. To verify the effectiveness of the forecasting model, three numerical datasets (enrolments data of the University of Alabama, the Taiwan futures exchange –TAIFEX data and yearly deaths in car road accidents in Belgium) are selected to illustrate the proposed model. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model is better than any existing forecasting models in term of forecasting accuracy based on the first – order and high-order FTS.
A NEW APPROACH TO EXACT PATTERN MATCHING
Authors: Nguyen Truong Huy
Published: October 2019

In this paper we introduce a exible approach to design an eective algorithm for exactpattern matching, and compare it with some of the most ecient algorithms, such as AOSO, EBOM,FJS, FSBNDM, HASHq, LBNDM, SA, BMH-SBNDM, SBNDMq, TVSBS. These results are basedon the concept of the degree of fuzziness presented by P. T. Huy et al. in 2002. Theoretical analysesand experimental results indicate that in practice our proposed algorithm is faster than the abovementioned algorithms in most of the cases of patterns and alphabets.
Distal renal denervation: cardioprotection in patients with resistant hypertension
Authors: Sitkova E. S. , Mordovin V. F. , Pekarsky S. E. , Ripp T. M. , Falkovskaya A. Yu. , Lichikaki V. A. , Zyubanova I. V. , Baev A. E. , Ryabova T. R. , Mochula O. V. , Usov V. Yu.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To study the effectiveness of using the anatomically optimized distal renal denervation (RDN) in comparison with the standard approach for reducing myocardial damage and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in patients with resistant hypertension (HTN).

Material and methods. The randomized double-blind study of the efficacy and safety of distal RDN compared to conventional main renal artery intervention (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02667912) for the treatment of resistant HTN included 26 patients. All patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=16) — distal RDN, group 2 (n=10) — conventional RDN. In addition to 24-hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring, initially and 12 months after the intervention, contrast- enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed to determine the left ventricular mass and non-coronary myocardial damage area. All patients signed informed consent. Twenty-four patients completed the present study.

Results. After 12 months, the mean 24-hour BP significantly decreased after both distal RDN (from 167,2±28,5/93,2±19,3 to 147,0±13,7/81,5±9,3 mm Hg (p<0,05)) and conventional RDN (from 157,5±22,5/90,6±23,9 to 139,9±17,7/80,0±16,7 (p<0,05)). Also in both cases, a trend to LV mass decrease was revealed: from 252,6±85,2 to 221,0±60,3 gm (p=0,096) after the distal RDN; from 214,3±54,1 to 186,4±48,1 gm (p=0,071) after the conventional RDN. In contrast, the myocardial damage area decreased only after distal RDN (from 2,33±1,33 to 1,35±0,67 cm3 (p=0,02)) and did not change after conventional RDN.

Conclusion. In comparison with the conventional main renal artery intervention, distal RDN in patients with resistant HTN has an additional cardioprotective effect — a decrease in LV myocardial damage area.
Anthracnose intensity and physical and chemical characteristics of ‘Prata anã’ banana under different nitrogen doses
Authors: Freitas Viviane Alves , Fernandes Martielle Batista , Mizobutsi Edson Hiydu , Mizobutsi Gisele Polete , Ribeiro Regina Cássia Ferreira , Pegoraro Rodinei Facco
Published: October 2019

Abstract The balanced supply of nitrogen to fruit trees leads to higher fruit quality and reduced incidence of diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate anthracnose intensity and the physical and chemical characteristics of ‘Prata Anã’ banana under different nitrogen doses. Regarding anthracnose intensity, N doses of 150, 200, 250, 400 and 600 kg ha-1 were used. The Area Under the Incidence Progress (AUIPC) and Severity Curves (AUSPC) were evaluated. The physical and chemical characteristics were: fruit and pulp mass; soluble solids; starch; total, reducing and non-reducing sugars; coloration and nutrient concentration in peel, evaluated every three days for 15 days. Plants fertilized with N doses of 200, 250 and 400 kg.ha-1 had lower AUIPC values and the application of 250 kg.ha-1 reduced AUSPC in fruits inoculated with C. musae. N, P and K increased in banana peel, fruit and pulp mass, soluble solids, starch, total sugars, reducing sugars, with increasing N doses. There was no difference in the contents of micronutrients in fruit peel. N dose of 600 kg.ha-1 reduced the shelf life of fruits and provided higher sugar content and higher disease severity.
Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in commercial mango orchards in a semiarid region of Brazil
Authors: Sousa Márcia Mayara de , Araujo Elton Lucio , Silva Janisete Gomes , Barbosa Douglas Rafael Silva , Fernandes Elania Clementino
Published: October 2019

Abstract Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are important mango (Mangifera indica L.) pests in several parts of the world. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to know the species of fruit flies associated with commercial mango orchards in a semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil; report the species of quarantine importance; discuss the influence of the semiarid environment on the distribution of the species and verify their faunistic indices. The study was carried out between July 2011 and June 2014 in ten commercial orchards of mango cultivar Tommy Atkins in the semiarid region of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. Fruit flies were captured in McPhail traps baited with 5% hydrolyzed corn protein (Bio Anastrepha®). Mangoes fruits were also collected. Faunistic analysis was performed to characterize the populations. Eight fruit fly species (Anastrepha spp. and C. capitata) were captured. The species C. capitata had the highest geographic distribution and was the only one to infest mangoes. The faunistic analysis showed that most of the orchards had low species richness and that C. capitata was the most frequent and predominant species.
Drying kinetics modeling of apple and zucchini slices vacuum impregnated with anthocyanins
Authors: Zapata Luz Marina , Castagnini Juan Manuel , Quinteros Carlos Fabio , Veuthey Mariana Jimenez
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to study the drying kinetics of apple and zucchini slices enriched with anthocyanins and to evaluate the influence of drying temperature on the anthocyanin content of apple and zucchini snacks. Apple (Granny Smith) and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) slices were enriched with anthocyanins by vacuum impregnation with blueberry juice. Then, slices were dehydrated at 40, 50 and 60 ºC with 1.0 m/s air flow. Dehydrated samples were referred to as anthocyanin enriched snacks. Diffusion coefficient values improved by increasing the drying temperature, within the 2.81×10-10 to 5.78×10-10 m2/s range for apple slices and 2.02×10-10 to 3.99×10-10 m2/s for zucchini slices. The activation energy was 31.19 kJ/mol and 80.33 kJ/mol for apple and zucchini slices respectively. Page, Weibull, Logarithmic, Henderson-Pabis and Lewis models best fitted the experimental data. Snacks obtained at 60 °C retained a higher concentration of anthocyanins, reaching values of 592.81±52.55 and 464.62±48.44 mg of cyaniding-3-glucoside equivalent/kg dry matter in apple and zucchini snacks respectively. Combination of vacuum impregnation and hot air drying was a technological alternative for producing snacks with functional properties.
Parasite load, iNOS and cytokine profiles, and histopathological aspects of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs with different clinical presentations
Authors: Vasconcelos Tassia Cristina Bello de , Bruno Sávio Freire , Miranda Luisa Helena Monteiro de , Conceição-Silva Fátima , Belo Vinícius Silva , Figueiredo Fabiano Borges
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease with a canine urban reservoir in South America. Dogs from an endemic area within Brazil, which were naturally infected with Leishmania infantum, and those presenting severe clinical (SC), mild, or no clinical (MNC) disease, were evaluated. Parasite load, histopathology, and cytokine and iNOS mRNA expressions were assessed in the spleen and liver in order to determine the potential markers for disease susceptibility or resistance. As a result, dogs with both SC and MNC had high parasite loads; IFN-γ was the most expressive cytokine in both organs, along with IL-6 and IL-4 being detected in the spleen and liver, and IL-10 only in liver. The hepatic tissue presented higher medians for IFN-γ and IL-10, and was the main organ to produce cytokines with hepatic IL-10 suggesting a regulatory follow up. Granulomas were detected in both organs; however, when absent in spleen, they were associated with elevated IL-6 levels, thus highlighting the anti-inflammatory role of IL-6. Microscopic lesions in the spleen were predominantly characterized by an extensively disorganized white pulp and splenic response was suggested as sub optimized. Parasite load, tissue damage, and immunological response may vary in the dogs with similar clinical symptoms, which may not be a good parameter for assessing the animal’s susceptibility to VL.