bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ТИПОВІ ЧАС, МІСЦЕ ТА ОБСТАНОВКА ВЧИНЕННЯ ШАХРАЙСТВ З БАНКІВСЬКИМИ КАРТАМИ
Authors: НЕСТЕРЕНКО Р.О.
Published: December 2024

У статті підкреслено, що механізм учинення шахрайств з банківськими картами характеризується наявністю прямих залежностей між способами їх учинення та часом, місце і обстановкою, які, своєю чергою, обумовлюють типові сліди вказаних кримінальних правопорушень. Наголошено, що обов’язковими та інформативними елементами криміналістичної характеристики є час, місце та обстановка вчинення шахрайств з банківськими картами. Здійснено аналіз наукових підходів до трактування сутності та змісту часу, місця та обстановки вчинення кримінального правопорушення як елементу криміналістичної характеристики. Визначено типові час, місце й обстановку вчинення шахрайств з банківськими картами. Встановлено, що шахрайства з банківськими картами характеризуються широкою географіє та охоплює всі регіони України. Зазначено, що злочинці можуть знаходитися фактично за межами України. Доведено, що час вчинення шахрайств з банківськими картами залежить від конкретної шахрайської схеми та може співпадати з: робочим часом банківських установ, часом зняття коштів з банкоматів, часом здійснення онлайн-покупок, часом оформлення «допомоги (соціальної виплати)» тощо. Встановлено, що обстановка вчинення шахрайств з банківськими картами – це система обставин, які визначають сферу їх учинення. Характер суспільних відносин, на які посягають досліджувані кримінальні правопорушення, рівень їх урегульованості безпосередньо визначають умови вчинення правопорушення в цій сфері. Обстановка шахрайств з банківськими картами обумовлюється водночас сферою банківських відносин та інформаційних технологій. З’ясовано, що чимала кількість досліджуваних правопорушень учиняється в кіберпросторі, за допомогою кіберінструментів. Наголошено, що не менш важливу роль у механізмі вчинення шахрайств з банківськими картами відіграють стан війни в Україні, що призвело до внутрішнього переміщення великої кількості громадян, зниження соціально-економічного рівня життя громадян, збільшення різновидів соціальних виплат і гуманітарної допомоги окремим категоріям осіб тощо. Констатовано, що вказані умови злочинці активно використовують під час підшукування потенційних жертв, вибору шахрайських схем і способів їх реалізації.
Optimalisasi Pembelajaran Sistem Informasi Akuntansi dengan Penyusunan Aplikasi berbasis Excel dalam Mendukung Strategi Pemasaran dan Keuangan Digital
Authors: Oktaviani Siska Aprilia , Oryza Ardhiarisca  , Fitriya Andriyani  , Berlina Yudha Pratiwi  , Candra Pramula Pinandita
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas dan kepuasan mahasiswa atas pembelajaran sistem informasi akuntansi melalui penyusunan aplikasi berbasis Excel dalam meningkatkan pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap sistem informasi akuntansi dan strategi keuangan digital, serta untuk mengevaluasi pengaruhnya terhadap penguatan strategi pemasaran digital. Penelitian ini melakukan eksplorasi simultan antara pembelajaran akuntansi berbasis teknologi sederhana seperti Excel dengan dua dimensi penting dalam bisnis digital: keuangan dan pemasaran. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman sistem informasi akuntansi dan integrasi strategi keuangan digital memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan dan efektivitas pembelajaran, sementara penguatan strategi pemasaran digital tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun penyusunan aplikasi berbasis Excel efektif dalam mendukung aspek keuangan digital, diperlukan pendekatan yang berbeda atau tambahan untuk memperkuat kemampuan pemasaran digital. Penelitian ini muncul dari kebutuhan mendesak untuk mengembangkan metode pembelajaran yang tidak hanya meningkatkan pemahaman teoretis tetapi juga keterampilan praktis yang relevan dengan dunia kerja di era digital. Sehingga diharapkan penelitian ini dapat berkontribusi pada pengembangan kurikulum yang lebih holistik dan terintegrasi, yang dapat lebih efektif dalam mempersiapkan mahasiswa untuk menghadapi tantangan di industri digital.
Pendidikan, Investasi Modal Manu UNVEILING THE PATH TO PROSPERITY IN PAPUA : AN ANALYSIS OF HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT TRENDS IN EDUCATION (2018-2023)
Authors: Oktania Ainur , Eza Syahbana  , Muhammad Aldi Akbar  , Putri Kemala Dewi Lubis
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dampak investasi modal manusia melalui pendidikan terhadap pembangunan manusia di Provinsi Papua, sejalan dengan janji otonomi khusus yang mengamanatkan alokasi dana untuk pendidikan. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan regresi data panel dengan aplikasi EViews, dengan 29 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Papua sebagai objek penelitian. Secara parsial, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) dipengaruhi secara positif dan signifikan oleh Rata-rata Lama Sekolah (RLS), Harapan Lama Sekolah (HLS), dan Angka Harapan Hidup (AHH) berdasarkan hasil analisis penelitian. Secara simultan, ketiga variabel bebas tersebut memberikan kontribusi sebesar 99.85% terhadap IPM. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah investasi dalam pendidikan memiliki peran penting dalam meningkatkan pembangunan manusia di Provinsi Papua, sekaligus mencerminkan refleksi dari upaya implementasi janji otonomi khusus dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup penduduk setempat.
ПОНЯТТЯ ТА СУТНІСТЬ ПРИБУТКУ ЯК ОБ’ЄКТА ОПОДАТКУВАННЯ
Authors: Гуцул А.С.
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена комплексному аналізу поняття прибутку як об'єкта оподаткування, у статті розглянуто поняття прибутку як об’єкта оподаткування, проаналізовано основні методи його розрахунку та особливості застосування в сучасних умовах. Висвітлено проблеми визначення прибутку для податкових цілей, включаючи питання подвійного оподаткування та трансфертного ціноутворення. Проведено огляд різних наукових джерел та підходів до гармонізації методик розрахунку прибутку в міжнародній практиці. Запропоновано рекомендації щодо вдосконалення національної податкової системи з метою підвищення ефективності оподаткування та мінімізації податкових ризиків. Особливу увагу приділено можливостям інтеграції міжнародного досвіду для уникнення спірних питань в сфері податкового адміністрування.
ГІБРИДНА МОДЕЛЬ ОЦІНКИ ОПЦІОНІВ, ЩО ВБУДОВАНІ В ДЕРЖАВНІ ОБЛІГАЦІЇ З ІНДЕКСОВАНОЮ ВАРТІСТЮ
Authors: Тарнавський О.В.
Published: December 2024

У роботі описано механізм виплати за опціоннами, що вбудовані в облігації внутрішньої державної позики (ОВДП) з індексованою вартістю та характеристики, що ускладнюють оцінку цього фінансового інструмента. Представлено поточну практику оцінки вбудованого опціонна банками та банківським регулятором. Обґрунтовано потребу у розробці моделі, що враховуватиме специфіку виплати за вбудованим опціоном: усереднення ціни базового активу лише у останній місяць дії опціонна. Розроблено модель оцінки вбудованого опціонна, що є гібридом стандартної моделі біноміального дерева та моделі Халла-Уайта. Оцінено справедливу вартість вбудованих опціонів на основі гібридної моделі та проведено порівняльний аналіз з моделями, що широко використовуються на практиці. Проведено аналіз чутливості оцінок розробленої моделі до значення довільного параметра та визначено, що оцінки не залежать від нього значною мірою.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ ЛІНГВІСТИЧНИХ МАРКЕРІВ У ХУДОЖНІХ ІНТЕРТЕКСТАХ АМЕРИКАНСЬКИХ ТА АНГЛІЙСЬКИХ ПИСЬМЕННИКІВ ХХ СТ. (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ТВОРУ “A HISTORY OF THE WORLD IN 10½ CHAPTERS” ДЖ. БАРНСА)
Authors: Капранов Ян Васильович , Жалко Діна Дмитрівна
Published: December 2024

У статті представлено методологію ідентифікації лінгвістичних маркерів у художніх інтертекстах американських та англійських письменників ХХ століття, яка включає три послідовні етапи. Особливу увагу приділено використанню лінгвістичних маркерів у художньому мікроінтертексті. У процесі аналізу розглянуто лінгвістичні та стилістичні засоби, що застосовуються для встановлення інтертекстуальних зв’язків та передачі ідей у літературних творах. Запропонована модель ланцюга, що охоплює мега-, макро- та мікроінтертексти, дозволяє виявити багаторівневі інтертекстуальні структури, які складаються з окремих текстових фрагментів (мікроінтертекстів), об'єднаних спільною ідеєю або темою в межах більших розділів (макроінтертекстів) та цілісного твору (мегаінтертексту). Основним об'єктом дослідження виступає твір “A History of the World in 10½ Chapters” Дж. Барнса, у якому виявлено різні типи інтертекстуальності: пряму (експліцитну) та непряму (імпліцитну). За допомогою методів уважного читання, інтертекстуального аналізу, лінгвістичного аналізу тексту та деконструкції ідентифіковано лінгвістичні маркери, що демонструють складність і багаторівневість інтертекстуальних зв’язків у художньому творі. Встановлено, що пряма інтертекстуальність виражається через явні посилання на інші тексти або ідеї шляхом використання стилістичних прийомів, таких як анафора, метафора, алегорія та риторичні запитання. Непряма інтертекстуальність проявляється через застосування менш очевидних маркерів, зокрема модальних дієслів, пасивних конструкцій або умовних речень, які створюють багатозначний контекст та надають літературному твору глибини. Особлива увага у дослідженні приділена використанню лексичних маркерів інтертекстуальності, таких як алегорія, анафора, метафора, гіпербола та символізм. З'ясовано, що завдяки багатству лінгвістичних і стилістичних прийомів, які застосовуються для побудови інтертекстуальних зв'язків, письменники створюють багатовимірні та насичені текстові простори, що сприяє глибшому сприйняттю та інтерпретації художніх творів.
СТИЛІСТИЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЕРСОНАЛІЗОВАНОГО НАРАТИВУ В ДИСКУРСІ ПОЛІТИЧНОГО ЛІДЕРСТВА РЕСПУБЛІКАНЦІВ
Authors: Козлова Вікторія Вікторівна , Чорна Влада Сергіївна
Published: December 2024

У статті досліджуються стилістичні особливості персоналізованого наративу в дискурсі політичного лідерства республіканців на Національній конвенції 2024. Особливу увагу приділено розгляду понять наративу та наративної риторики в контексті дискурсивних досліджень. Наративна риторика осмислюється як формування переконань і емоційних реакцій через залучення оповідей як інструменту впливу. Персоналізовані наративи, що функціонують у дискурсі політичного лідерства республіканців, базуються на особистих історіях та досвіді, що забезпечує переконливість та автентичність основних меседжів. За результатами дослідницьких розвідок виділено два типи персоналізованого наративу республіканських лідерів: наратив втілення американської мрії (Джей Ді Венса) та наратив протистояння загрозам (Дональда Трамп) і схарактеризовано емоційний тон, спрямованість на аудиторію, теми наративу. Здійснено аналіз стилістичних виразних засобів і прийомів втілення персоналізованого наративу в дискурсі політичного лідерства республіканців, з акцентом на функціональний аспект. Установлено теми наративу втілення американської мрії: захист традиційних цінностей, подолання труднощів завдяки підтримці важливої людини, сприяння патріотизму гаслом «Зробимо Америку сильною знову», популізм та антиелітизм, економічний націоналізм; та теми наративу протистояння загрозам: зіткнення з небезпекою, фізичним стражданням та пораненням, ціннісний вибір, що виявилися суголосними з тематичними домінантами республіканської риторики. Лінгвостилістичний аналіз показав, що репрезентація персоналізованих наративів втілення американської мрії та протистояння загрозам забезпечується стилістичними синтаксичними виразним засобами: тавтологія, повторення; стилістичними семасіологічними виразним засобами: метафора, епітет, метонімія, синекдоха, іронія, гіпербола; стилістичними синтаксичними прийомами: анафора, паралелізм; стилістичними семасіологічними прийомами: антитеза, алюзія. Схарактеризовані функціональні особливості досліджуваних наративів.
Khảo sát khả năng phối hợp tinh dầu Nghệ và dầu Riềng trong điều trị bệnh nấm móng
Authors: Nguyễn Vũ Giang Bắc , Lê Thu Hoài
Published: December 2024

Mục tiêu: Ứng dụng phối hợp của tinh dầu Nghệ và dầu Riềng in vitro và ex vivo trong điều trị bệnh nấm móng do Trichophyton mentagrophytes và Trichophyton rubrum.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Xác định tác dụng hiệp lực của tinh dầu Nghệ và dầu Riềng bằng phương pháp khuếch tán và phương pháp pha loãng trong đĩa 96 giếng theo hình bàn cờ. Khảo sát khả năng thấm qua móng để trị nấm bằng mô hình móng ex vivo.

Kết quả: Tinh dầu Nghệ làm tăng tác động kháng nấm móng của dầu Riềng, có thể giảm nồng độ ức chế tối thiểu của cả hai chất thử xuống ½ đến ⅛ lần so với dùng riêng lẻ. Ngoài ra, tinh dầu Nghệ còn làm tăng khả năng thấm qua móng của dầu Riềng trên mô hình móng.

Kết luận: Tinh dầu Nghệ và dầu Riềng có tác dụng hiệp lực khi dùng phối hợp, làm tăng cường hiệu quả thấm qua móng của chất kháng nấm, tạo cơ sở cho việc phát triển chế phẩm trị nấm móng.

Từ khoá: tinh dầu Nghệ, dầu Riềng, nấm móng, Trichophyton
Khảo sát thành phần hóa học và đánh giá tác dụng kháng viêm của rễ tóc Sâm Việt Nam nuôi cấy mô
Authors: Nguyễn Ngọc Kim Ngân , Hoàng Thị Thanh Trúc , Phạm Ngọc Khánh Vân , Vũ Huỳnh Kim Long
Published: December 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Sâm Việt Nam - Panax vietnamensis, Araliaceae là loài dược liệu quý và đặc hữu của Việt Nam, có giá trị cao và đối mặt nguy cơ tuyệt chủng. Sự phát triển của công nghệ sinh học giúp tạo ra lượng lớn sinh khối Sâm Việt Nam trong thời gian ngắn. Mặc dù vậy, thành phần saponin cũng như tác dụng sinh học của rễ tóc Sâm Việt Nam nuôi cấy mô (Vietnamese Ginseng hairy root – HVG) chưa được nghiên cứu nhiều.

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu thành phần saponin và tác dụng kháng viêm của HVG.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Bột HVG được chiết với ethanol để thu được cao toàn phần, sau đó chiết phân bố với n-butanol bão hòa nước để thu được phân đoạn n-butanol (Bu). Cao Bu được tách phân đoạn bằng sắc ký cột silica gel và tinh chế bằng HPLC điều chế. Các hợp chất được xác định cấu trúc bằng các phương pháp phổ nghiệm (MS, 1H và 13C-NMR). Tác dụng kháng viêm được xác định thông qua khả năng ức chế sản sinh NO của tế bào macrophage RAW 264.7.

Kết quả: Từ cao toàn phần HVG, quá trình chiết tách thu được hai hợp chất pseudoginsenosid F11 và vina-ginsenosid R1. Cao toàn phần HVG và hợp chất vina-ginsenosid R1 cho thấy hoạt tính kháng viêm với giá trị IC50 lần lượt là 71,07±2,7 và 79,59±5,10 µg/mL cao hơn khoảng 6,5 lần so với IC50 của chứng dương dexamethason là 12,64±1,28 µg/mL.

Kết luận: Từ HVG phân lập được hai saponin khung ocotillol là pseudoginsenosid F11 và vina-ginsenosid R1. Cao toàn phần và hợp chất vina-ginsenosid R1 thể hiện tác dụng kháng viêm và có tiềm năng sử dụng bên cạnh Sâm Việt Nam trồng.

Từ khóa: Rễ tóc Sâm Việt Nam, saponin, vina-ginsenosid R1, kháng viêm
Phân tích chất lượng cuộc sống trong công việc của nhân viên một công ty Dược phẩm trên địa bàn Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Nguyễn Hiếu Hân , Nguyễn Trần Như Ý , Võ Thị Nhật Minh , Lê Quan Nghiệm , Nguyễn Thị Thu Thuỷ
Published: December 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Chất lượng cuộc sống trong công việc (Quality of work life – QWL) có tác động đến hiệu quả công việc, đặc biệt đối với nhân viên y tế trong môi trường áp lực cao. Nghiên cứu đánh giá QWL của nhân viên công ty Dược phẩm còn hạn chế tại Việt Nam.

Mục tiêu: Phân tích QWL của nhân viên tại một công ty Dược phẩm ở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (TP. HCM).

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang dựa trên dữ liệu của phiếu khảo sát thu thập từ toàn bộ nhân viên thuộc một công ty Dược phẩm ở TP. HCM từ tháng 08/2023 đến tháng 08/2024. QWL được đo lường theo thang đo Work-Related Quality of Life-2 (WRQoL-2) và mối quan hệ giữa QWL với yếu tố liên quan được phân tích bằng các phép kiểm thống kê.

Kết quả: Trong 139 nhân viên tham gia khảo sát, chiếm phần lớn là dược sĩ đại học (n = 64; 46,04%), làm việc tại nhà thuốc (n = 117; 84,17%) và có mức lương chủ yếu từ 5 triệu đồng đến dưới 10 triệu đồng (n = 87; 62,59%). Điểm trung bình QWL là 3,44 ± 0,48. Khía cạnh “Sự hài lòng trong công việc và nghề nghiệp” (JCS) có điểm cao nhất (3,68 ± 0,64) và khía cạnh “Áp lực công việc” (SAW) có điểm thấp nhất (2,95 ± 0,93). Đề tài ghi nhận QWL liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê với các yếu tố: tình trạng hôn nhân, số người phụ thuộc, trình độ học vấn, tần suất tăng ca và mức lương (p ≤ 0,05).

Kết luận: QWL giúp tổ chức nhận định thực trạng công việc của nhân viên tại nơi làm việc. Ban quản lý cần quan tâm đến các yếu tố ảnh hưởng để đưa ra những giải pháp nhằm cải thiện QWL và phát triển tổ chức.

Từ khóa: chất lượng cuộc sống trong công việc, nhân viên y tế, QWL, yếu tố liên quan
Analysis of Parental Social Actions in Early Childhood Marriages in South Sulawesi
Authors: Darwis M. Ihsan , Harifuddin Harifuddin
Published: December 2024

This study aims to (1) explore the social actions undertaken by parents in early childhood marriages and (2) analyze the impacts of early childhood marriages on those involved. The research employs a mixed-methods approach using an exploratory sequential design, integrating qualitative and quantitative methods. The study population includes all early childhood marriages, with a sample size comprising 10%. The informants interviewed were the parents of early-marriage couples. Data collection methods involved in-depth interviews, participant observation, questionnaires, and literature reviews. Qualitative data analysis followed a three-stage technique, while quantitative data analysis employed frequency tabulation. The findings reveal that (1) Social actions in early childhood marriages fall into four categories: instrumental rationality, value rationality, traditional actions, and affective actions. (2) Early childhood marriages result in both positive and negative impacts. Positive outcomes include fostering independence, responsibility, and maturity among the couples, while negative outcomes include family disharmony, emotional instability, and divorce. In conclusion, early childhood marriage couples can be categorized based on four types of social actions, each driven by different motivations for marriage. This study recommends providing guidance and support to all early childhood marriage couples to help them navigate their marital lives successfully.
Promoção da Autorregulação do ensino e da aprendizagem na prática instrumental de estudantes da licenciatura em música
Authors: Mendes Dayse , Polydoro Soely
Published: December 2024

A Autorregulação da Aprendizagem (ARA) é um processo que envolve o gerenciamento pessoal de pensamentos, sentimentos e comportamentos conduzidos para atingir objetivos, no qual estudantes agem de modo proativo, guiados por metas e estratégias relacionadas a determinada tarefa, diante de oportunidades e restrições do ambiente. Objetivamos descrever um programa de promoção da Autorregulação do ensino e aprendizagem de estudantes do ensino coletivo e individual de instrumento no contexto da licenciatura em música. Inicialmente é apresentada uma revisão de literatura sobre a prática instrumental no ensino superior, seguida pelo relato de pesquisa de doutorado em Educação Musical, cuja metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa-ação. Os instrumentos de produção e coleta de dados foram quatro questionários, aulas virtuais e presenciais e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados apontaram que promover ARA na licenciatura em música contribui para a formação de um futuro professor mais autorregulado e consciente de suas ações no ambiente acadêmico e profissional, que compreende melhor como auxiliar seus alunos a desenvolver estratégias eficazes nos estudos, fortalecendo a autonomia.
Implementation Of Decision Support System Topsis Fuzzy MCDM Method For Web-Based Cafe Recommendation
Authors: Kholis Mukhamad Jainur , Dr. Istiadi S.T.,M.T.  , Aviv Yuniar Rahman, S.T., M.T
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to provide recommendations for cafes using the TOPSIS Fuzzy MCDM method and implementing it in a web-based system. This system aims to assist consumers in choosing a cafe based on various factors such as location, facilities, rating, price, and service quality. The TOPSIS Fuzzy MCDM method was selected for its ability to handle uncertainty and produce a more accurate ranking of alternatives. The research demonstrates that this system can deliver recommendations aligned with predetermined preferences, thereby facilitating better decision-making. The study was conducted by researchers in the Malang City area, but the system is accessible to users from any location based on their coordinates. The test results show that the system successfully provides recommendations with scores of 100%, 73.07%, 53.92%, and so forth. These findings indicate that the system can effectively help users decide on their preferred cafe by offering reliable and accurate recommendations. Moreover, the integration of real-time data and Google Maps ensures that the recommendations are up-to-date and relevant. This implementation is expected to enhance the consumer decision-making process, providing a practical tool for selecting cafes that meet specific user criteria. This research underscores the potential of using advanced decision-making methods like TOPSIS Fuzzy MCDM in real-world applications, demonstrating its effectiveness in improving the user experience in the cafe selection process. The system's capability to integrate additional information, such as social media presence and customer reviews, could further enhance its utility in future developments.
The historical nature of the legal tradition
Authors: Ilyn Liubomyr
Published: December 2024

Purpose. The study aims to analyze the historical nature of legal tradition, determine its essence as a determinant reflecting the socio-cultural, economic, and political conditions of its time, and reveal its role in the formation and development of modern legal systems. Method. The article uses a comprehensive methodological approach, including the historical method for analyzing the development of legal tradition in different historical periods, the comparative method for comparing legal systems of other countries, the sociological method for studying the impact of legal traditions on society, and the systematic approach for studying legal tradition as a holistic phenomenon. Results. The author establishes that legal tradition is a vital element of the national legal system, ensuring its stability, continuity and cultural identity. Preserving legal tradition as a dynamic phenomenon capable of developing and adapting to modern challenges is the key to creating a harmonious legal environment. The synthesis of historical experience and modern reforms will allow Ukraine to create an effective, stable, and competitive legal system that meets European standards and ensures the rule of law. At the same time, the need to eliminate the negative vestiges of Soviet law, such as the administrative-command style of governance, legal nihilism, corruption, formalism, and disregard for the rule of law, can be considered a challenge. To overcome these challenges, it is necessary to implement systemic reforms and adapt the best historical elements of the Ukrainian legal tradition. Scientific novelty. The author establishes that legal tradition plays a crucial role in ensuring the continuity of legal systems. It reveals its importance as a mechanism for preserving the socio-cultural identity of law and proves its vital role in adapting modern law to global challenges. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal research and in the preparation of special courses.
Regarding the issue of the representation of denunciators in criminal proceedings
Authors: Habuda Andriy , Repetskyi Serhii
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to analyze the current legislation regarding the issue of the representation of denunciators in criminal proceedings and to determine the extent of alignment between the legal positions of different normative acts on this matter. Methodology: The methodology involves a comprehensive analysis and synthesis of existing scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of corresponding conclusions and recommendations. The research employed the following methods of scientific cognition: terminological, logical-semantic, functional, systemic-structural, and logical-normative. Results: During the research, it was determined that the denunciator emerged in the national legal field due to changes in anticorruption legislation. Among other changes, the denunciator was granted the right to representation in proceedings, which can be realized by using all forms of legal aid provided by the Law of Ukraine “On Free Legal Aid”, engaging a lawyer independently, and appealing to the National Agency on Corruption Prevention. However, certain provisions of anti-corruption legislation, particularly in the Law of Ukraine “On Prevention of Corruption” regarding the representation of denunciators for the protection of their interests, and certain provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine and other legislative acts regarding the representation of denunciators in criminal proceedings, require coordination and synchronization. Scientific novelty: In the course of the research, it was established that despite the corresponding provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On Prevention of Corruption”, the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine does not provide any guidance on the representation of the denunciator’s interests in criminal proceedings, and does not involve a mechanism for the denunciator to utilize free legal aid. The Law of Ukraine “On Free Legal Aid” does not include the denunciator among the entities entitled to free secondary legal assistance. Also, it was determined that the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine does not regulate the mandatory presence of representatives of the National Agency on Corruption Prevention at court sessions. It was also found that there is no regulation on the right of the National Agency Corruption Prevention to initiate the review of court decisions in judicial proceedings and the procedure for confirming the representation of the denunciator in criminal proceedings. Practical significance: The research results can be used in law-making and law enforcement activities during a pre-trial investigation of corruption offenses and offenses related to corruption.
Modernization of the regulation of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in the system of normative guidelines for parliamentary reform
Authors: Linetskyi Serhii
Published: December 2024

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to determine the main directions of modernization of the Regulation of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the Regulation) in the context of the key guidelines of parliamentary reform at the current stage of Ukraine’s development. Method. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of scientific and legal conclusions and recommendations. The following methods of scientific knowledge were used during the research: dialectical, analytical-synthetic, hermeneutic, systemic-structural, prognostic. The results. In the process of research, it was found that the optimal way to modernize the Regulation is to focus on the system of normative guidelines for parliamentary reform, which reflect its objective and natural nature. It has been established that the system of such guidelines is provided for in the Report and Roadmap presented by the Evaluation Mission of the European Parliament on internal reform and increasing the institutional capacity of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Such benchmarks need their consistent and objective disclosure when adjusting the norms of the Regulation taking into the state of parliamentary procedures. Through a systematic analysis of normative material and legislative developments, the specifics of each of the identified methods of modernization of the Regulation under modern conditions were revealed. Originality. In the process of research, it was established that the modernization of the Regulation should take place on the basis of scientific ideas about the system of normative guidelines of the parliamentary reform, which reflect its objective and natural character. The requirements of constitutionalization, Europeanization, digitalization, consensualization, as well as ensuring regulatory continuity and adaptation to changes are identified as key. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used both during the current (preparation of current changes to the Regulation) and during prospective (planning of comprehensive changes to the Regulation) legislative work on improving the Regulation.
Prevalence and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adult Trauma Patients in A Ugandan Referral Hospital
Authors:   Orthopaedic surgeon, Department of Surgery, University for Development Studies /Tamale Teaching Hospital,Ghana,formerly Makerere University,Mulago Hospital,Uganda., Buunaaim Alexis D.B. , Sekimpi Patrick ,   Orthopaedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, College of Health Sciences Makerere University /Mulago Hospital Uganda, Abbo Catherine ,   Psychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences Makerere University/Mulago Hospital Uganda.
Published: December 2024

Background: Attempts to ensure total care of the trauma patient in order to reduce morbidity and mortality, has led to a
drift of global concern towards the psychiatric sequelae of trauma patients. Psychiatric disorders following trauma are
common with one of the commonest being post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and are associated with poor functional
and occupational outcomes. In African settings, there is scarcity of data regarding the prevalence and sociodemographic
characteristics of PTSD in trauma patients.
Aim of Study: To determine the prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of post- traumatic stress disorder in adult
orthopaedic trauma patients seen in a referral hospital in Uganda.
Methods: This was a hospital based quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study of adult orthopaedic trauma patients at
Mulago hospital. A structured questionnaire containing sociodemographic characteristics and module for PTSD diagnosis
in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Fourth Edition Text Revised (DSM-IV-TR) was administered to consenting patients who
met the inclusion criteria by systematic random sampling. Data was entered in Epi Data software and exported to STATA 10.0
for descriptive bivariate analysis using Mantel Haenszel method.
Results: Two hundred and ninety-seven (297) patients were recruited into the study of which the period prevalence of PTSD
in adult orthopaedic trauma patients seen at Mulago hospital was 17.85% (53/297). The Mean age was 37.06(±14.61) with
majority of participants between the ages of 18 to 29years (37.04%).Males 66.33% (197/297) and females 33.67% (100/297).
The educational level of majority of these participants was primary/secondary 74.07% (220/297). Most of the participants
were self-employed 52.53% (156/297) and 80.81% (240/297) of participants had an income level of less than one million
Ugandan shillings (397dollars) a year.
Conclusion: The 6-months prevalence of PTSD in adult orthopaedic trauma patients was 17.85%. Also, female sex, older age
group over 40 years, divorced, widow/widower, government or private employment and a low-income level had a higher risk
of PTSD following trauma. The need for a multi-disciplinary approach to the management of the trauma patient involving a
clinical psychologist or a psychiatrist will be very vital for a better outcome.
XVIII. YÜZYIL RUS ROMANININ İLK KADIN KAHRAMANI “AHLAKSIZ BİR KADININ MACERALARI”
Authors: Günör Tuğba
Published: December 2024

Povest ve roman tarzı birbirine uzunluk nedeniyle benzemesinden ötürü janr olarak tartışmaya çok açıktır ancak edebiyat bilimcileri tarafından Rus Edebiyatında roman türünün net olarak ortaya çıkışı XVIII. Yüzyılın ikinci yarısı olarak belirlenmiştir. İlk roman örnekleri arasında yazılış tarihleri açısından çok büyük bir yakınlık olması nedeniyle hangi eserin ilk roman örneği olduğu edebiyat eleştirmenleri ve tarihçileri arasında tartışma konusu olur. Ancak en yaygın şekilde Mihail Dmitriyeviç Çulkov’un (1744-1792) “Güzel Aşçı veya Ahlaksız Bir Kadının Maceraları” (Prigojaya povariha, ili Pohojdeniye razvratnoy jenşçinı) adlı eseri ilk Rus romanı olarak adlandırılır. Eserin kahramanın çağının çok aksine bir kadındır. Öyle bir kadın ki ahlaki açıdan bir yoksunluğu olmasına rağmen okurun sempatisini kazanmayı başarmıştır. Kendinden önceki kadın tiplemelerinden farklı, yazarı tarafından eleştirilmeden ne ironik ne de hicivsel bir üslupla kaleme alınmasının yani sıra dini öğelerden de arındırılmıştır. Romanın başından sonuna düşmüş bir kadın tiplemesi çizilmesine rağmen yazarının da desteğiyle yaptığı her olumsuz eylemin bir gerekçesi ileri sürülerek kahraman aklanır. Tüm olumsuz yönlerine rağmen eserin sonunda ahlaki açıdan bir aydınlanma yaşayarak erdemli bir kadına dönüşür. Bu yönüyle de konu ve karakter açısından eser çok büyük bir kıymete sahiptir. Ülkemizde daha önce incelenmemiş bu eser üzerinde çalışarak Rus Edebiyatında ilk roman türü ve kadın kahraman tipleri hakkında bilgi verilmek amaçlanmıştır.
TANZİMAT FERMANI’NIN İTALYA’DAKİ YANKILARI: "GAZZETTA PIEMONTESE" ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Malara Consuelo Emilj , Seyitdanlıoğlu Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Gülhane Hatt-ı Hümâyunu veya Tanzimat Fermanı, Sultan Abdülmecid (1839-1861) tarafından 3 Kasım 1839 tarihinde Gülhane Parkında, Osmanlı Hariciye Nâzırı Mustafa Reşit Paşa tarafından, yerli ve yabancı konuklar huzurunda ilân edilerek Osmanlı ve Avrupa kamuoyuna duyurulmuştur. Tanzimat Fermanı, yasal icraat olarak Osmanlı İmparatorluğunun tüm tebaasının can, mal ve namus güvenliğini teminat altına almaktadır. Resmi olarak Tanzimat Dönemi’ni (1839-1876) başlatmaktadır. Hariciye Nâzırı Mustafa Reşit Paşa'nın okuduğu Tanzimat Fermanın Fransızca tercümesini, bir mektup eşliğinde İstanbul'da mevcut olan tüm Avrupa devletlerinin diplomatik temsilciliklerine de göndermiş bulunuyordu. Sardinya Krallığı maslahatgüzarı Marki Domenico Pareto tarafından Sardinya Dışişleri Bakanı Clemente Solaro della Margherita'ya Tanzimat Fermanı Fransızca tercümesi ile gönderildi. İlan edildikten bir süre sonra Tanzimat Fermanı’nın İtalyanca çevirisi Sardinya Krallığı’nın popüler bir haber kaynağı olan Gazzetta Piemontese’nin 27 Kasım 1839 tarihli nüshasının ilk sayfasında yer almaktadır. Bu makale, Gülhane Hatt-ı Hümâyunu veya Tanzimat Fermanı’nın İtalyanca tercümesinin Torino Devlet Arşivinde bulunan belgeler aracılığıyla tam metnini sunmayı ve Sardinyalı Diplomatların bu ferman hakkındaki görüşlerini anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Ferman'ın İtalyanca yayınlanması, Sardinya Krallığı ile Osmanlı İmparatorluğu arasında pekiştirilmekte olan diplomatik ilişkilerin bir kanıtıdır. Tanzimat'ın erken döneminde Sardinya Krallığı ile Osmanlı İmparatorluğu arasında örülen ilişkilerin bir belirtisi olarak görülebilmektedir ve diplomatik ilişkiler 1855 yılında Sardunya Krallığı'nın Kırım ittifakına katılmasıyla askeri ittifakla doruğa ulaştı.
ROMEYKANIN ETNODİLBİLİMSEL CANLILIK KURAMI ÇERÇEVESİNDE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Akkuş Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, Türkiye sınırları içerisinde dil çeşitliliğinin göreceli olarak yüksek olduğu Doğu Karadeniz dil ekolojisi görünümü içerisinde konuşulmakta olan Platon’un kendi çağında konuştuğu dilin arkaik özelliklerini koruduğu düşünülen Romeykanın etnodilbilimsel canlılık durumunun ortaya konulmasını amaçlamaktadır. Etnodilbilimsel canlılık kuramı, dil topluluklarının dillerinin canlılığını koruma ve devam ettirme olasılığını değerlendirmenin bir yöntemi olarak geliştirilmiştir. Romeykanın dilsel canlılığını ilgili alanyazında ilk defa ortaya çıkartmayı amaçlayan bu çalışmanın temel araştırma sorusu şu şekilde belirlenmiştir:- Romeykanın etnodilbilimsel canlılık kuramı çerçevesinde güncel görünümü nasıldır? Bu kapsamda Trabzon’un Tonya, Çaykara, Of, Köprübaşı ve Sürmene ilçelerinde gerçekleştirilen alan araştırmalarında farklı yaş, toplumsal konum ve meslek grubundan toplam 107 katılımcıya Türkçeye uyarlanmış olan Öznel Etnodilbilimsel Canlılık Anketi uygulanmıştır. Yüz yüze ve odak grup görüşmeleri aracılığıyla nitel araştırma aşamasında ankete verilen yanıtlar derinlemesine irdelenerek bu görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler tematik analize tabi tutulmuştur. Nitel araştırmaya söz konusu ekolojiden katılımcılar (n=12) dâhil olmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, kuşaklar arasındaki farkın (veya cinsiyet, meslek gibi diğer toplumsal değişkenler dikkate alındığında) Romeykanın etnodilbilimsel canlılığı bağlamında istatistiki olarak önemli olmadığını ancak Türkçe ve Romeykanın her birinin öznel canlılığı dikkate alındığında bu iki dilin canlılık algısının istatistiki olarak anlamlı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Yüz yüze ve odak grup görüşmeleri sonucunda elde edilmiş olan çalışma bulgularının da istatistik verilerini desteklediği saptanmıştır. Bu durum dahi Doğu Karadeniz’de farklı toplumdilbilimsel etkenlerin dillerin toplumsal kullanım alanlarının genişlemesine veya daralmasına neden olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bu çalışma bu toplumdilbilimsel değişmenin dinamiksel yapısına küresel örneklerle karşılaştırmalı bir lensle bakarak sui generis bir bağlamdan bir katkı sunmaktadır.
NECROPOLITICS AND MODERNITY: UNVEILING THE ‘EMPIRE’S DIRTY WORK’ IN HEART OF DARKNESS, A PASSAGE TO INDIA AND BURMESE DAYS
Authors: Kaygısız İsmail , Demir Ayşegül
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This article examines the complex interplay between modernity, colonialism, and necropolitics as represented in Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, A Passage to India by E.M. Forster, and Burmese Days by George Orwell. These modernist texts not only critique the dehumanization and systemic extermination justified by colonial ideologies but also highlight the ways in which colonial power uses necropolitical strategies to govern life and death. By integrating Achille Mbembe's concept of necropolitics with Michel Foucault's theory of biopower, this analysis elucidates the racial and sovereign dynamics that both underpin and challenge colonial regimes. The paper contextualizes the relationship between modernism and colonial history, highlighting how modernist narratives reflect a crisis in the colonial agenda and embody Enlightenment ideals that have shaped the socio-political landscape of empires. These narratives offer a critical view of the dichotomy between the colonizer and the colonized, emphasizing the fractured and uncertain epistemological underpinnings of imperial logic. The examination of Conrad, Forster, and Orwell focuses on the ethical and psychological turmoil from colonial dominance, probing how colonialism justifies violence and subjugation. The study reveals how colonial powers exert necropolitical control, deciding who lives and who dies—a control that extends beyond physical dominance to the psychological colonization of minds, perpetuating colonial hegemony. Ultimately, this paper shows how modernist texts critique colonial necropolitics and expose the racial prejudices and biopolitical strategies essential for maintaining colonial regimes. These texts provide profound insights into the lasting impacts of colonialism on contemporary understandings of race, sovereignty, and resistance.
Map-level baryonification: Efficient modelling of higher-order correlations in the weak lensing and thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich fields
Authors: Anbajagane Dhayaa , Pandey Shivam , Chang Chihway
Published: December 2024

Semi-analytic methods can generate baryon-corrected fields from N-body simulations (“baryonification”) and are rapidly becoming a ubiquitous tool in modeling structure formation on non-linear scales. We extend this formalism to consistently model the weak lensing and thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) fields directly on the full-sky, with an emphasis on higher-order correlations. We use the auto- and cross- Nth-order moments, with N∈{2,3,4}, as a summary statistic of the lensing and tSZ fields, and show that our model can jointly fit these statistics measured in IllustrisTNG to within measurement uncertainties, for scales above and across multiple redshifts. The model predictions change only minimally when including additional information from secondary halo properties, such as halo concentration and ellipticity. Each individual moment is dependent on halos of different mass ranges and has different sensitivities to the model parameters. A simulation-based forecast on the ULAGAM simulation suite shows that the combination of all moments, measured from current and upcoming lensing and tSZ surveys, can jointly constrain cosmology and baryons to high precision. The lensing and tSZ field are sensitive to different combinations of the baryonification parameters, with degeneracy directions that are often orthogonal, and the combination of the two fields leads to significantly better constraints on both cosmology and astrophysics. Our pipeline for map-level baryonification is publicly available at https://github.com/DhayaaAnbajagane/Baryonification.
Proportional Volume of Follicles and Stroma of Ovary in Bangladeshi Female Cadaver in Different Age Groups
Authors: Qasim Rubina , Naushaba Humaira , Ullah Md Enayet , Hena Hasna
Published: December 2024

Context: Under the influence of hormones, ovary undergoes various changes especially in the volume of follicles as well as stroma. This change starts from prepubertal period and continue up to post-menopausal period. This repetitive growth and regression of ovarian follicles predispose to develop many abnormalities of ovarian structures and functions. This study is designed to evaluate the proportional volume of follicles and stroma in relation to different age groups. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional, descriptive type of study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011. The present study was performed on 24 postmortem right sided ovaries, age ranging from 5 to 65 years. The samples were divided into four different age groups. They were group A (5-12years), group B (13-45 years), group C (46-51 years) and group D (52-65years). The structural component was determined by Hennig’s method and calculation was done with the point counting technique. Results: The proportional volume of follicles and stroma were (67.50 ± 5.21)% & (32.50 ± 5.21)% in group A, 82.33 ± 3.83% & 17.67 ± 3.83% in group B, (70.00 ± 0.63)% & (30.00±0.63)% in group C and (24.50± 0.55)% & (75.50±0.55)% in group D.
Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2021, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 32-36
Clinical Presentation of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Tertiary level Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Chandra Das Dulal , Mohammad Noor E Alam Sheikh , Ahmed Faysal , Rahim Abdur , Al Mahtab Mamun
Published: December 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, accounting for 75% - 86% of all cases. Men are affected approximately two to three times more than women. It is considered as the fifth most common cancer in men and the ninth in women. The prognosis for liver cancer is very poor which has made it globally the second most common cause of death from cancer. The highest liver cancer rates are found in East and Southeast Asia and in Middle and Western Africa. Western world is complaining of rising HCC prevalence as a result of migration from HBV-endemic regions, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, alcoholic cirrhosis, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis associated with the obesity epidemics. The accurate diagnosis of HCC dependent on clinical presentation, biochemical, imaging, cytological and/ or histopathological examination. This was a descriptive study of hepatocellular carcinoma patients those attended Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2006 to march 2008. Thirty (30) consecutive biopsy proven hepatocellular carcinoma patients were enrolled in this study. This study collected data by reviewing Medical records (prescriptions and diagnostic reports) and interviewing patients for various present symptoms/ signs, past complaints (symptoms/ signs) they experienced in different duration and for confirmation of HCC. Among the symptoms almost all 29(96.66%) of the patients had experienced loss of appetite and most of the patients were experienced generalized weakness 28(93.33%) followed by weight loss 24(80%). More than two-third of the patients had complained abdominal pain 22(73.33%), abdominal fullness 21(70%), abdominal mass 20(66.66%) and nausea and vomiting 20(66.66%). Various signs of HCC were found in examination during interview and from their past experience/ reviewing medical record of illness; where most of them 27(90%) had hepatomegaly and half of them 15(50%) had splenomegaly and ascites. Among the others sign of HCC, one-third (33.33%) of them had yellow discolouration of eyes, yellowish urine, jaundice and fever. Several signs were also observed like Leg swelling 9(30%), cough 8(26.66%), alteration of bowel habit 6(20%). Signs like blood vomiting 1(3.33%) and leg oedema 4(13.33%) were also observed. Information regarding clinical presentation from this study may be utilized as indicator for referral, case definition in research works and probable diagnosis of HCC. This clinical presentation may be a strong tool for symptomatic surveillance of HCC and prevention of HCC including chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
Bangladesh Med J. 2023 Sept; 52(3): 8-13
Evaluation of Serum C-Reactive Protein in Diagnosis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Patients with Cirrhosis of Liver and Ascites
Authors: Adhikary Debprosad , Fazlul  Karim Chowdhury Md , Islam Susmita , Abdullah Al Shah Newaz  , Md Shah Alam Miah  , Tanmoy Saha  , Md Tuhin Akhter  , Madusudan Saha  , Kirshna Pada Saha  , Masudur Rahaman Khan
Published: December 2024

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP), an infection of ascitic fluid without demonstrable intra-abdominal origin and it is a complication of cirrhosis of liver, with a reported mortality of 30% to 50% in adults. The counts of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) in ascitic fluid ≥250/mm² demonstrably confirms the diagnosis of SBP and the patients immediately need treatment with antibiotics irrespective of culture results. Serum C- reactive protein (CRP) is a reliable predictor of SBP and a marker that can be measured in several laboratories. The aim of this study was to estimate serum C-reactive protein levels as a diagnostic tool for evaluation of SBP in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 90 adult patients diagnosed as cirrhosis of liver with ascites in the Department of Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka during the period November 2017 to March 2019. Half of the patients were at their productive age (≤30 to 50 years) and others were above 50 years with mean age of 50.5 years; where male female ratio was about 2.5:1. The study found that more than one-fifth (21.1%) of the patients had SBP positive (SBP group)  and their mean serum CRP was found 84.59±39.66mg/L; on the other hand rest of the patients were SBP negative (non-SBP group) with mean serum CRP was 15.02 ± 18.34 mg/L. The mean total WBC count and neutrophil count in ascitic fluid were found 2565 ± 3439/mm³ and 1255 ± 1708/mm³ in SBP patients; where 178 ± 149/mm³ and 46 ± 38/ mm³ in non-SBP patients respectively. At the serum CRP cut-off level of 41.5 mg/L, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 89.5%, 94.4%, 81% and 97.1% respectively. In the diagnosis of SBP based on PMN 2250/mm³, the accuracy of the test result was 93.3% and based on ascitic fluid culture results it was 78.9%.  It is vital to assess the utility of CRP in diagnosis of SBP in cirrhosis of liver with ascites. At the optimal cut-off level of 41.5 mg/L, the serum CRP value had the good sensitivity (89.5%), specificity (94.4%), and AUC-ROC (0.969) in diagnosis of SBP. Large scale analytical studies on cirrhotic patients with ascites are encouraged to establish the optimum cut-off value of CRP for the diagnosis of SBP.
Bangladesh Med J. 2023 Sept; 52(3): 14-26