bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric nosological historiography - Part II: psychopharmacology and somatogenic perspectives
Authors: Gomes Marleide de Mota , Mendlowicz Mauro Vitor , Nardi Antonio Egidio
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The history of psychiatry encompasses the evolving concepts about the relationship between body and mind and also of the definiton of normality, which depend on the knowledge and customs of different times and places. For a better understanding of this journey, this study privileged the presentation of the main influential figures on the construction of psychiatric nosology and classifications mainly unfolded on a descriptive or causal basis, from psychics or somatics driving, since the Western Renaissance. This article, the second in a two-part series, mainly discusses the importance of psychopharmacology for a better understanding of mental disorders and their classifications. Part one is a preamble to the historical development of the new nosography and psychopharmacology. Method: Narrative review based on secondary sources. Results: The current article illustrates how the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying mental illness improves, mainly employing the psychopharmacology that may lead to the reclassification of certain mental disorders. This natural reductionism view of the sciences must be in cooperation with an integrative understanding of the human being, as is customary in the humanities.  Conclusion: The study of psychiatric nosohistoriography helps to understand the conceptual evolution of mental illnesses and the most recent importance of psychopharmacology for this.
Effect of Different Tea in Remineralization of Artificially- Induced Initial Enamel Caries of Human Teeth (Study in Vitro)
Authors: Hasan Abdulraheam Rukhosh , Taha Garib Balkees
Published: January 2024

One of the beneficial effects of consumption different types of tea is preventing tooth decay that attributed to their mineral contents. Purpose: to investigate the microscopical changes of different types of tea ; Camellia sinensis (black and green), Mentha spicata and Ocimum basilicum on artificially- induced initial enamel caries. Initial enamel caries-like lesions were introduced in 30 sound extracted human 1st premolar teeth using pH cycling procedure. Teeth were divided into 6 groups to test 4 types of tea ( black, green, Mentha spicata and Ocimum basilicum) and 2 control solutions (0.05%NaF and de-ionized water as positive and negative control respectively )for enamel re-mineralization, using polarized microscope. The concentration of calcium, inorganic phosphorous and fluoride ions in all tea solutions were also measured. Results revealed that green tea produced the best enamel remineralization, while black tea and Mentha spicata were coming next and result in different mode of re-mineralization. On the other hand, teeth treated Ocimum basilicum showed mild evidence of re-mineralization.The chemical analysis indicated that both Mentha spicata and Oci mum basilicum had the highest calcium and phosphorous ion s levels (higher than their fluoride concentration). Green tea had nearly equal concentration for the 3 tested ions, which were l ess than its counterpart black tea. All selected tea solutions were effective in remineralizing of initial enamel caries, in the following sequence: green tea, black / Mentha spicata , then Ocimum basilicum.
Effect of Tobacco Smoking on the Corrosion Behavior of Three Dental Alloys in Artificial Saliva
Authors: H. Ataiwi Ali , A. Majed Rana , A. Muhsin Ali
Published: January 2024

This work involves study the effect of tobacco smoking (cigarette, water-pipe smoking) yields on the corrosion of dental alloys (Co-Cr-Mo, Ni-Cr and T i-Al-V alloy) in artificial saliva with pH=4 and temperature of 37oC. This study was performed with electrochemical technique by using potentiostat to predict the potentiodynamic polarization and cyclic polarization. Some corrosion parameters were measured for comparison among the dental alloys. Generally, the presence of tobacco smoking yields shift the corrosion rate (CR) to higher values, and the data of corrosion rate indicate that the risk of waterpipe smoking more than cigarette smoking for three dental alloys. Increasing of anodic Tafel slopes inferred that the rate of change of current with change of potential was smaller during cathodic polarization than during anodic polarization.
Incidence of Dry Socket in Relation to Psychological Stress: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Y. Al-Kotany Munir
Published: January 2024

This study concerns with the incidence of dry sockets among a sample of patients attending different dental clinics after tooth extraction for three consecutive years in relation to their age, sex, tooth location and to patients perceived stress.Dry socket patients records were investigated for age, sex and tooth location. And a control group was chosen of exactly the same age and sex distribution as that of the patients but free from any symptoms . A questionnaire sheet with a list of possible life events for the last twelve months before the extractions were distributed among both, then the results was subjected to statistical analysis.Out of 956 patients, 58 (6%) developed dry sockets, (36%) of them were located on wisdom teeth with the lower ones comprising (25.86%). There were significant difference in mean perceived psychological stress between the patients (477.07 ± 7.38 L.C.U) and those in control group (240.44 ± 7.12 L.C.U.) regarding different ages and sexes.There were higher incidence of dry sockets in this study than most other studies around the world and female /male ratio was nearly equal. They occurred mostly on lower and posterior more than upper and anterior teeth wisdom teeth were most, highly affected, and there were a relationship between psychological stress and dry socket.
Effect of Different Disinfectant Solutions on the Properties of Gutta Percha Cones
Authors: A. Ismail Sabah , A. Al-Sabawi Nawal , A. Al-Askary Raghad
Published: January 2024

The purposes of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium hypochlorite (SH) and chlorhexidine (CH) disinfectant solusions on surface texture and mechanical properties of gutta percha (GP) cones at different concentrations and time intervals. In this study, 190 GP cones size 100 were used. SH solutions at (1%, 2.5%, 5.25%) and CH solutions at (1%, 1.5%, 2%) were used for GP cones disinfection by submerging cones for (10 min, 15 min, 20 min) in each of the solutions to be tested, in which 10 cones were used for each disinfectant solution at every time interval, and 10 cones remain fresh as a control. Surface texture determined by stereomicroscope. Mechanical properties measured by digital universal testing machine. SH solutions at (2.5% and 5.25%) decrease tensile strength, increase modulus of elasticity, decrease percentage of elongation , and left a numerous pitting on GP cones after (10, 15, 20) minutes of disinfection which were significantly different from fresh control cones, 1% SH , and CH at (1%, 1.5%, 2%).Within the limitation s of this study, SH at 1% and CH at (1%, 1.5%, 2%) concentrati ons can be considered the most safe solutions for disinfection of GP cones.
Mandibular Notch Configuration in Iraqi Adults
Authors: A. Mohammad Saad , A.  Abd-alla Mohammad , J. Mahdi Abdul-Jabbar
Published: January 2024

The shape of the mandibular notch (mandibular incisure) of both sides of 100 fresh macerated and dry adult human mandibles divided between 58 males and 42 females of Iraqi origin with their age ranges (23-52) years that had been studied in order to classify the variations in the shapes of mandibular incisure.Three types were evident: type I triangular shape, type II rounded shape and type III truncated quadrilateral shape. The triangular shape mandibular notch were found in 92 (46%) sides and truncated quadrilateral shape in 40 (20%) sides, they are mainly prevalent in male, while the rounded shape was founded in 68 (34%) sides mainly prevalent in female.Minor differences appeared on both sides founded in 28 sides but keep the general shape. The incidence of the rounded types was almost in female mandible while triangular &truncated shapes were faced mainly in the male mandibles.
Effects of Irradiation of Continuous Wave Carbon Dioxide Laser on Caries Resistance of Deciduous Teeth
Authors: Sh. Rajab Muthenna , A. Salih Shatha , M. Saleh Abdul Rahman
Published: January 2024

The objective of this st udy aimed to assess the caries-preventive potential of various CW CO2 laser parameters, and to explore the effect of the laser power density on the caries inhibition activity.Extracted human deciduous molars were irradiated with three various power dens ities, by changing the output power, the exposure time, and the spot diameter. The CO2 laser system emitted laser with 10.6µm in wavelength. All teeth were subjected to carieslike lesion form ation by 3.5 pH lactic acid for 21 days. The teeth after that were sectioned into ground cross sections and the lesion depths were measured under a polarizing microscope.CW CO2 laser preventive treatments inhibited carieslike lesion progres sion up to 82%. This effect was improved with increasing power d ensity within the limits of the examined laser parameters.
The Incidence of Two Root Canals in the Mesial Root of the Extracted Permanent Maxillary First Molars Among a Sulaimani-Iraq Population (Ex Vivo Study)
Authors: M. Faraj Bestoon
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of two root canals in the mesial root of the extracted permanent maxillary first molars of a Sulaimani population. An ex vivo study on 180 extracted permanent maxillary first molars was conducted. The teeth were examined clinically and radiographically. The results showed that 23.3 % of the examined teeth had two canals in the mesial root (17.0 % with one apical foramen and 6.3 % with two separate foramens)
Linguistic bases of the intertextuality theory
Authors: Ryzhakov Vadim Sergeevich
Published: January 2024

As the object of the research the author chooses the linguistic characteristics of the intertextual unit as the main form of realization in texts of the stylistic device based on borrowing textual elements from other texts. Despite a significant development of the intertextuality theory, the analysis of the theoretical framework in the field of intertextual interaction reveals a lack of knowledge of the linguistic aspects of functioning of intertexts both at the level of expression and meaning. In the article the author analyzes the basic structural particularities of the intertextual unit in postmodernist fiction. This kind of textual material was chosen because of high content of intertexts in this discoursive system, the fact conditioned by the interest of postmodernist writers to the capacities of the stylistic device described in the article. To delineate the content of the notion “intertextuality” according to the “broad” and “restricted” approaches, the author applies cognitive methods and carries out an experiment based on semiotic methods whose the aim was to describe the mechanisms of decrypting intertexts in non-verbal texts. Having analyzed the content of the term “intertextuality” according to the “broad” and “restricted” approaches from the cognitive and semiotic points of view, the author suggests differentiating two distinct phenomena. One of them, the stylistic device based on inclusion of different elements of other texts into a proper text, is under-researched from the linguistic point of view. The article presents main theoretical conclusions about the correlation between the plane of expression of intertexts and their source-texts, as well as the types and the role of the attribution as a key intertextual element. The conclusions may be used in intertext-making activity, e.g. in translation. They may also serve as the basis for further researches in this field.
Features of the development and clinical course of the glaucoma process in children born at different gestational ages
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Zertsalova M.A. , Sadovnikova N.N. ,   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Brzheskiy V.V. ,   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: January 2024

Material and methods. 147 children (242 eyes) aged from 1 to 18 months with different stages of glaucoma. The main group consisted of 106 patients (170 eyes) born before the 37th week of gestation (29.1±2.4 weeks). The comparison group consisted of 41 children (72 eyes) with primary congenital glaucoma, born from 37 to 42 weeks of gestation (38.6±1.0 weeks). Results. The manifestation of the glaucoma process in the group of prematurely born children in most cases occurred at 5–6 months. The «classic» increase in the size of the eye was significantly more often observed in patients with primary congenital glaucoma (29 children, 51 eyes, 70.8%). At the same time, corneal edema was noted more often in the group of children with glaucoma and ROP (55 children, 91 eyes, 53.5%). In the group of children born at term, the horizontal corneal diameterwas 13.51±1.19 mm. In the group of preterm infants with glaucoma, this figure was 12.53±0.89 mm. Axial length of the eye in children with glaucoma born at term also significantly exceeded the age norm: 23.22±2.83 mm. On average, axial length of the eyes with glaucoma in premature babies was 22.74±2.76 mm. IOP in the group of premature babies averaged 25.94±4.5 mm Hg, while the indicator in the group of full-term babies was 24, 31±4.9 mm Hg. Conclusion. Thus, the manifestation, clinical course, and outcome of the glaucoma process in children born at different gestational ages can be very variable. Key words: retinopathy of prematurity, glaucoma, corneal diameter, axial length, intraocular pressure
On the Robustness to Doppler Rate of the Modified LoRa using two Spreading Factors
Authors:   Dept. of Electronics Engineering,  Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Korea, Joo Jung Suk
Published: January 2024

In [1], we proposed a modified LoRa using two spreading factors (SF’s) in order to independently set the frequency difference of adjacent LoRa symbols and the LoRa symbol period, and demonstrated that the use of two spreading factors could make it less sensitive to sampling frequency error while enabling low power transmission. In this paper, as an extension of [1], we will show that our scheme has also robustness to the Doppler rate through computer simulations.
Malnutrition intervention programmes for school children in Sub-Saharan
Africa: a review
Authors: Alawode O.W. , Adeyemo G.A. , Alabi O.D. , Alabi B.E. , Babarinde G.O.
Published: January 2024

Developing countries are the regions whose children are at risk of malnutrition with a high
rate of undernutrition and increased statistics of overnutrition leading to obesity. There
have been tracked records of increased undernutrition resulting in stunted growth and
development. Meanwhile, overnutrition which can lead to obesity is increasing in all age
groups, with girls and women being more affected than boys and men. Factors such as low
family income, changes in lifestyle, illiteracy among parents, poor environmental
conditions, inadequate nutrient intake and poor health conditions predispose children to
poor nutrition. Different intervention programmes have been employed to reduce the
problem of malnutrition and the most prominent one adopted by government and nongovernmental organizations is the school feeding programme. To reduce malnutrition,
there is a need for all stakeholders to painstakingly strengthen policies, create awareness
of possible solutions, and constantly evaluate the efficiencies of the intervention
programmes. It is only through coordinated efforts that the reduction of malnutrition in
developing countries will be reduced. This review, therefore, evaluates the malnutrition
intervention programmes among school children in developing countries, especially in
Sub-Saharan Africa.
A pediatric HIV outbreak in Pakistan
Authors:   World Health Organization for the Eastern Mediterranean, Hermez Joumana , Ismail Maha , Morgan Oliver , Pasha Muhammad Safdar , Schenkel Karl , Doherty Meg , Tayyab Muhammad , Abdella Yetmgeta Eyayou , Sayed Muhammad Asif , Memon Naveed Masood , Asghar Rana Jawad , Rahim Musa , Sheikh Saqib , Ali Hammad , Rabold Elizabeth M , Fontaine Robert , Hutin Yvan , Hajjeh Rana
Published: January 2024

Background: Following reports of an outbreak of HIV infection among children in Larkana District, Pakistan, an international team investigated the extent and cause of the outbreak between April and June 2019. Aims: To investigate the incidence of HIV among children in Larkana District, Pakistan and describe the distribution of cases by time, place and person. Methods: Self-referred persons were tested for HIV using the national testing protocol. Local epidemiology of HIV was reviewed to generate hypotheses. An infection prevention and control (IPC) team conducted site visits and reviewed IPC practices. Results: Between 25 April and 27 June 2019, a total of 30 191 persons were tested for HIV in Larkana District, and 876 of them tested positive. Of those who tested positive, 719 (82%) were children aged
Reinterpretation of the Meaning of Angels in Tafsir Al-Manar (Critical Analysis Studies)
Authors: Susilo Susilo
Published: January 2024

Among all the six pillars of faith, faith in angels has its own uniqueness, because it is able to invite debate among Muslim scholars, both in terms of substance and existence. Abduh’s interpretation has its own uniqueness because he attempts to carry out a reconstruction related to the concept of angels. This research will further explore the concept of angels in Abduh’s interpretation as well as look at its consequences for aspects of faith. This research is a library research using descriptive-analytical method. The approach used is hermeneutical. In this study, the primary source used was Muhammad Abduh’s interpretation of QS. al-Baqarah: 30-34 written in Tafsir al-Manar. The results of the study show that according to Abduh, the significance of discussing the nature of angels is the wisdom behind the dialogue between God and the angels in the creation of Adam. He interprets angels more as a natural potential (al-quwa al-tabi’iyyah) rather than a person or creature made of light. If angels are interpreted as natural potentials and laws, then this means that humans are given the ability to empower these potentials, as symbolized by the angels’ prostration to Adam. The consequence of this interpretation of the aspect of faith in angels is maximizing the synergy between humans and their natural potential
TAFSIR SUFISTIK JAWI KYAI SHOLEH DARAT
Authors: Amaliya Nur Baeti
Published: January 2024

Tulisan ini membahas mengenai tafsir yang bernuansa sufistik dan berbahasa Jawa yang ditulis oleh Kyai Sholeh Darat. Fokus pembahasannya yakni pada Tafsir Faid Al Rahman. Penafsiran Kyai Sholeh memiliki unsur unsur Isyari. Dalam tulisan, ada tiga rumusan masalah terkait tema ini yaitu pertama, bagaimana metode yang dipakai dalam kitab tafsir tersebut. Kedua, bagaimana aspek lokalitas di dalam tafsir tersebut. Ketiga, seperti apa contoh unsur unsur sufistik yang ada di dalam tafsir tersebut. Dalam tulisan ini disimpulkan bahwasannya tafsir Faid Al Rahman memiliki ciri bernuansa sufistik yang ditulis dengan menggunakan bahasa jawa pegon dengan menggunakan metode tahlili. Hal ini tidak terlepas dari kondisi sosial dan budaya yang melekat di masyarakat sekitar mufassir. Adapun contoh-contoh penafsirannya misalnya terkait dengan halal dan haramnya makanan. Yang mana penafsirannya memiliki makna dzahir dan batin
Harmonizing Loss Accounting with Local Cultural and Religious Principles
Authors: Mohamad Anwar Thalib , Paputungan Vindi , Monantun Widy Pratiwi , Ismail Ulvarien , Damiti Fatmawaty
Published: January 2024

This research aims to construct loss accounting practices by "binthe biluhuta" sellers based on local wisdom and religious values. This study uses a spiritual paradigm with an Islamic ethnomethodological approach. This approach develops modern ethnomethodology under a secular (interpretive) paradigm. The author conducted observations and interviews with residents to obtain local cultural data. The data obtained was validated using the source triangulation method. The study found that sharing, among others, is a seller's way of avoiding losses. In Gorontalo's Islamic culture, elders often convey these values through advice dilla bo ilaato binthe wawu pale—the meaning of the family statement. The results of this study indicate that the loss accounting implemented by binthe biluhuta sellers is not limited to material things (money) but conditions with local cultural values and faith in the Creator. The theoretical implication of the results of this study is that local wisdom contained in loss accounting implemented by binthe biluhuta sellers can be combined with loss accounting theory to make it more holistic. The concept of loss accounting by binthe biluhuta can be used by sellers with a materialist, humanist, and religious spirit when building a business.
Manifestasi Qur’an Surat Al-Ahqaf (13-14) pada Upaya Membangun Perilaku Istiqomah pada Proses Menghafal Al-Qur’an di SD Takhassus Al-Qur’an Wonosobo
Authors: Muhammad Khasib Amin Murtadlo  , Nasokah  , Munawaroh Hidayatu
Published: January 2024

Sebagai penghafal Al-Qur’an memiliki sifat istiqomah adalah sebagai sebuah keharusan. Dan pada prosesnya ada beberapa kendala yang di alami dalam perwujudan sikap istiqomah dalam menghafal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk Mengetahui bagaimana perilaku istiqomah pada proses menghafal al-Qur’an, serta  faktor penghambat dan pendukung, dan bagaimana manifestasi QS: 46 (13-14) pada upaya membangun perilaku istiqomah pada proses menghafal al-Qur’an di SD Takhassus Al-Qur’an Wonosobo. Penelitian ini adalah studi tentang latar belakang situasi yang dirinci secara intensif dan interaksi individu, sosial, dan kelompoknya.. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan Manifestasi ayat dalam QS: 46 (13-14) dapat meningkatkan semangat anak agar tetap istiqomah dalam menghafal al-Qur’an dengan didasari dan didukung oleh peraturan sekolah dan asrama serta asatidz dan pembina kamar yang selalu mendampingi dan menjadi juru kunci kesuksesan dalam pengamalan ayat ayat al-Qur’an agar bisa di amalkan kepada anak dalam proses menghafal al-Qur’an.
PROBLEMS FACING FODDER CROP FARMERS IN THE SIDE OF RUSAFA/ BAGHDAD GOVERNORATE
Authors:   1Department of Agricultural Extension and Technology Transfer, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq,  Ali.Hanon2109m@coagri.uobaghdad.edu.iq, Hanon Armsh1 Ali , S. Ali2 Najwa ,   2Assistant Professor PhD, Department of Scientific Affairs, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq , najwa.s@uobaghdad.edu.iq
Published: January 2024

The current research aims to identify the problems facing fodder crop farmers in the side of Rusafa/ Baghdad Governorate, where the research community included all the agricultural divisions of the Directorate of Agriculture in Baghdad Governorate/ Rusafa and the number (5) agricultural divisions and a have withdrawn a random sample of them at a rate of 50% and it was (3) agricultural divisions , and a random stratified sample was selected proportional from the farmers of fodder crops by 40% of each agricultural division and their total became (145) farmers, and research data was collected using a questionnaire that included 35 paragraph distributed in two fields and the first field included five axes, and the data was analyzed using the statistical analysis program spss, as well as the use of manual analysis using the Vakronbach coefficient, the weighted mean, the hypothetical mean and weight percentile, and the results of the research showed that the problems facing Fodder Crop farmers are many and varied, as the problems associated with the environment came in the beginning in terms of importance with a weighted mean (3.61) degrees and a weight percentile (90.25) degrees, then followed by problems Associated with the cultivation and service of the crop with a weighted mean (3.48) degrees and a weight percentile (87) degrees, and We conclude from this agreement and approval of all respondents on the fields, axes and paragraphs of the questionnaire, and the researcher has recommended the need for more efforts by the extension institutions And the relevant authorities to prepare and implement programs that include activities and practices such as extension seminars and training courses, and work on communication and exchange of visits and attention to modern means of communication in a way that contributes to addressing the problems facing farmers in the field of cultivation and productivity of fodder crops and ways to address them and find solutions, and provide and provide the necessary support to farmers by the Ministry of Agriculture and the relevant authorities represented by production requirements.
TESTING THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF TRICIN AGAINST SOME FOODBORNE BACTERIA AND ESTIMATE ITS PHENOL COEFFICIENT
Authors:   1 Ministry of Agriculture, Department of plant Production, Republic Iraq , Baghdad , Iraq. samah_r2016@yahoo.com, H. AL – Badri Samah R. , AL-Janabi2 NIDHAL M.S. ,   2Professor, PhD. Department of Food Science, Agricultural Engineering Sciences College, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq. Nidhal.m@coagri.uobaghdad.edu.lq
Published: January 2024

The inhibitory effect of the hot aqueous extract of commercial jasmine rice bran (HAE) and the purified tricin compound on the growth of some food-borne pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis) and compared with phenol coefficient using several dilutions of water: purified tricin (70:1, 90:1, 1:100, 1:120 and 1:150). and water: purified tricin (70:1, 90:1 and 1:100),at the same concentration, sterilized with microbial filters .Tricin purified showed higher efficiency then the aqueous extract HAE against growth of gram-positive and negative bacteria. The highest significant inhibition activity of purified Tricin compound was at P≤0.05 effect against B. subtilis , B. cereus and S. aureus with inhibitory diameter of 29, 27.5 and 27.5 mm respectively. White the aqueous extract HAE had loupe effectiveness than it against the same bacteria with a diameter of inhibition7,8.5 and 10.5 mm respectively After incubation at 37°C for 24 h, the last reading was the highest inhibition activity of the extract HAE. As for the results of the susceptibility of tricin as an antiseptic towards Gram-negative bacteria S. typhi and Gram-positive S. aureus compared to phenol using several dilutions of each, high dilutions had a clear inhibition in the growth of S. aureus and S. typhi bacterial isolates, especially when compared with phenol when The higher dilution (1:100) showed bacterial growth, while we did not find growth for these isolates at the same dilution coefficient of tricin for periods (5, 10, and 15) min After incubation at 37°C for 48 h. S. typhi was less sensitive than S. aureus towards phenol and tricin.
Changes and Implications of North Korea’s Perception of Baekdu Mountain
Authors:   The Association for Korean Modern & Contemporary History, YEA DAEYEOL
Published: January 2024

In the 1960s, North Korea faced internal and external crises such as the Sino-Soviet dispute and the implementation of a parallel economic and defense policy. These internal and external crises made the North Korean leadership reflect on the difficult times when they led the anti-Japanese guerrilla army at the end of Japanese colonial rule. North Korea mythologized Kim Il-sung’s anti-Japanese armed struggle, promoted it as a war criminal to emulate the guerrilla-style life, and demanded that the people learn and live by its style. In the process, Baekdu Mountain began to be symbolized as a sacred place of anti-Japanese revolutionary tradition. Baekdu Mountain is a place that reminds us of the revolutionary tradition of the anti-Japanese armed struggle, and is depicted as a symbol of the so-called ‘Baekdu bloodline’ and a medium to justify hereditary succession. For this reason, the majority of research on Mt. Baekdu has tended to interpret it in relation to the process of establishing North Korea’s revolutionary tradition or its idolization. However, Baekdu Mountain was not portrayed as the site of Kim Il-sung’s anti-Japanese armed struggle or stereotyped as a symbol for the idolization of Kim Il-sung’s family immediately after liberation. Even in the early 1950s, Baekdu Mountain was depicted as an object to be developed and the territorial belonging of it was confirmed, and in the process of building a ‘guerrilla state’, it was also a stage that had to be occupied first in the competition between Kim Il-sung and the Gapsan faction. In addition, after the dissolution of the Cold War, it became a symbol of the unification ofNorth and South Korea as well as a medium to unite the people in the midst of a systemic crisis
PEMANFAATAN GOOGLE EARTH IMAGERY UNTUK PEMETAAN PASAR MODERN DI KECAMATAN JOHAN PAHLAWAN KABUPATEN ACEH BARAT
Authors: Rajiatul Jummi Cut Vita , Sukiakhy Kikye Martiwi , Junidar Junidar , Sahila Herma Miftahul
Published: January 2024

Persebaran pasar modern yang semakin meningkat dari waktu ke waktu ini dikhawatirkan akan berdampak terhadap tata ruang Kecamatan Johan Pahlawan. Saat ini informasi mengenai pasar modern yang ada di Kecamatan Johan Pahlawan masih sangat sedikit dan belum banyak informasi mengenai pasar yang disajikan kedalam bentuk peta sehingga masyarakat kesulitan untuk menemukan lokasi pasar. Dengan dimilikinya peta yang menampilkan informasi geospasial maka pihak Disperindag dengan mudah mengambil keputusan untuk mencari informasi mengenai lokasi pasar modern. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik digitasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Johan Pahlawan Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Tahapan pelaksanaan kegiatan yaitu: survey lapangan dan pengambilan data, pengolahan data, dan tahap akhir yang meliputi pengiriman data peta melalui email kepada Sekretaris Dinas. Hasil penelitian ini berupa peta persebaran pasar modern Kecamatan Johan Pahlawan Kabupaten Aceh Barat.
SISTEM PENDETEKSI POLA LAFADZ MUHAMMAD PADA CITRA AL-QUR’AN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PEIRCE
Authors: Fadlisyah Fadlisyah
Published: January 2024

Al-Qur’an adalah firman Allah yang diturunkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW melalui perantaraan malaikat Jibril dan disampaikan kepada umat manusia untuk dijadikan pedoman dalam kehidupan di dunia ini. Program ini dibangun untuk mendeteksi pola lafazh Muhammad  pada citra Al-Qur’an sehingga dapat mempermudah pengguna dalam mengetahui dan mencari letak dan jumlah lafadz Muhammad pada setiap halaman citra Al-Qur’an. Dalam penelitian ini metode Peirce  digunakan untuk menghitung jarak keakuratan pola lafadz Muhammad pada citra Al-Qur’an. Sistem ini bekerja dengan cara menginput citra Al-Qur’an berformat bitmap (.bmp) kemudian terjadi proses resizing, grayscale, konvolusi. Pada tahap pengujian, metode ini mencari kemiripan antara citra Al-Qur’an uji dan citra Al-Qur’an latih sehingga terdeteksi pola lafazh Muhammad pada citra Al-Qur’an. Hasil Pelatihan sistem ini akan menyimpan dua pola yang dilatih yaitu lafadz Muhammad. Hasil pengujian Sistem Pendeteksi lafadz Muhammad  menunjukan bahwa keakuratan sistem ini sebesar 97,5 %, persentase detection rate tersebut menunjukkan bahwa metode Peirce dapat  digunakan sebagai salah satu pendekatan untuk pendeteksian pola lafadz Muhammad pada citra Al-Qur’an.
PENDETEKSIAN KALIMAT SINDIRAN MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA NAIVE BAYES
Authors: Fikry Muhammad , Safwandi Safwandi
Published: January 2024

Dalam kehidupan masyarakat modern ini tidak terlepas dari dari media sosial, dimana penggunaan media sosial yang tidak bijak bisa mengakibatkan hal yang fatal. Dimasa sekarang ini banyak terjadi kasus pem-bully-an maupun kasus dimana masyarakat saling sindir menyindir sehingga terjadi saling permusuhan antar masyarakat. Pada penelitian kali ini penulis akan membuat sebuah sistem untuk mendeteksi kalimat-kalimat sindiran yang sering terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat indonesia. Penulis menggunakan metode Naive Bayes, Metode ini juga sangat sering digunakan oleh peneliti-peneliti lain karena tingkat akurasinya yang tinggi.Kata Kunci—Pendeteksian kalimat, Kalimat sindiran, Deteksi sindiran, Naive Bayes, Metode Naive Bayes.
SISTEM REKOMENDASI PENERIMA BANTUAN ZAKAT PADABAITUL MAL KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE MENGGUNAKAN METODE Z-SCORE
Authors: Risawandi Risawandi , Fadlisyah Fadlisyah
Published: January 2024

Zakat memiliki peranan yang sangat strategis dalam upaya pengentasan kemiskinan atau pembangunan ekonomi. Umumnya pengelolaan memungut dan kemudian disalurkan zakat berdasarkan ketentuan yang telah ditetapkan kepada mustahiq dan manfaat hanyalah sebatas manfaat jangka pendek. Akan tetapi jika pengelolaan zakat digunakan untuk memberdayakan ekonomi mustahiq, maka akan mem berikan dampak atau manfaat jangka panjang bagi mustahiq. Sistem rekomendasi memiliki berbagai sifat yang dapat mempengaruhi pengalaman pengguna, seperti akurasi, ketahanan, skalabilitas, dan sebagainya. Dalam makalah ini kita membahas bagaimana membandingkan merekomendasikan beerdasarkan satu set properti yang relevan untuk aplikasi. Z-Score adalah suatu ukuran penyimpangan data dari nilai rata-ratanya yang diukur dalam satuan standar deviasinya. Jika nilainya terletak diatas rata-rata maka Z score-nya akan bernilai positif, sedangkan apabila nilainya dibawah nilai rata-rata maka Z score-nya akan bernilai negatif. Z-Score ini juga disebut dengan Nilai Standar atau Nilai Baku. Penelitian ini menggunakan lima kriteria dari mustahiq yang mendapatkan dana zakat, antara lain adalah umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, tanggungan dan penghasilan. Dari 100 orang yang menjadi responden, didapat 27 orang yang layak menerima bantuan yang terdiri dari 26 perempuan dan 1 laki-laki.Kata kunci: Rekomendasi, Z-Score, Mean, Standard Deviasi, Penerima Bantuan
Factores que influyen en la contratación de personal en empresas del área metropolitana de Monterrey
Authors: Ugarte-Pentón Virginia , Rubio-Barrón Bernardo , Samano-Ruiz Alan Alexander
Published: January 2024

El presente estudio tiene como finalidad determinar y agrupar los factores importantes que influyen en la contratación de personal en empresas localizadas en el área metropolitana de Monterrey (AMM), como una fuente de información y guía en la preparación del trabajador y para que estas compañías, elaboren sus entrevistas con base a lo que realmente el capital humano sea capaz de aportarle a su medio laboral para su desarrollo futuro. Para llevar a cabo este artículo, se utiliza un cuestionario semiestructurado que fue validado por expertos, el cual fue aplicado al personal encargado del reclutamiento en varias empresas del AMM durante el primer trimestre del año 2019. Con la información recabada se efectuó un análisis de estadísticos descriptivos, encontrando que, de las ocho características evaluadas que fueron obtenidas de la revisión de literatura, siete resultaron las más valoradas por los empleadores en la contratación de personal.
Konya-Çavuş Köyü Örnekleri Üzerinden Türk Evinde Oda Kavramının Halk Mimarisindeki Yorumu
Authors: DAĞ GÜRCAN Ayşenur , BACAK Fatma Nur
Published: January 2024

Geleneksel yöntemlerle inşa edilmiş Anadolu konutunun biçimlenmesinde önemli bir yere sahip olan oda; sofa etrafında yinelenen temel birimi teşkil etmektedir. Bununla birlikte Orta Asya’dan Anadolu’ya taşınan göçebe yaşamın getirisi olan çadır kültürünün yansıması olarak yorumlanan oda, temel gereksinimleri karşılayan bir ev vasfı taşımaktadır. Anadolu’daki geleneksel konutlar yapım sistemi, malzeme, biçim dili, ve plan anlamda farklılıklar gösterse de oda kurgusunun temel kuruluş prensibinin değişmediği görülmektedir. Bu kurgunun değişmediği örneklerden biri olan ancak donatı farklılığı ile diğer yapılardan ayrılan ve Anadolu kırsal konutunda odanın yöreye özgü bir örneğini teşkil eden Konya ili Hüyük İlçesi Çavuş köyünde yer alan geleneksel konutlara ait odaların mekânsal kurgusunun ve donatı bileşenlerinin incelenmesi bu çalışmada amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada öncelikle çalışma sahasının yerleşim dokusu incelenerek yöreye özgü konutlar analiz edilmiştir. 46 konutun yapı durum analizleri sonucunda özgün 4 örnek belirlenerek ölçümlerle ve fotoğraflarla belgelenmiş ve tanımlanmıştır. Bu geleneksel konutlara ait odalarda “yüklük”, “çiçeklik”, “gusülhane”, ocak, “sergen”, dolap gibi sabit donatılar bulunmaktadır. Bunun yanında literatürde daha önce karşılaşılmamış olan, oda zemininde yer alan ve yaşam alanını ortadan ikiye ayıran, yörede “mesnet” olarak adlandırılan, ahşap bir yatay eleman da görülmüştür. Mesnetin oturma alanlarına hizmet ettiği ve farklı işlevlerde kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Çavuş evleri, malzeme, yapım tekniği, plan tipolojisi (dış sofalı, kısmi açık iç sofalı ve iç sofalı), süsleme unsurları ve iç mekân kurgusu bakımından bölgesel karakteristik değerler taşırken yerel terminolojide “sala, mesnet, çardak” gibi tanımlamalarla halk mimarisi terimlerine katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada yer alan “mesnet” elemanına referans verilerek Geleneksel Türk odasının yöresel farklılıklarla zenginleşen bir iç mekân geleneğine sahip olduğu söylenebilir.
Şuşa Yukarı Gövher Ağa Camii
Authors: UÇAR Aygül , KURBAN Vefa
Published: January 2024

Eski bir Türk kenti olan Şuşa Azerbaycan’ın önemli kentlerinden biridir. Kent doğal güzellikleri yanında günümüze ulaştırdığı Türk-İslam özellikli mimari eserlerle de dikkati çekmektedir. Kentte, Karabağ Hanlığı Dönemi’nde çok sayıda cami, çeşme, türbe, hamam gibi farklı türde yapı inşa edilmiştir. Ermeni işgali nedeniyle bu yapıların büyük bir kısmı tahrip edilmiş, yakılmış ve yıkılmıştır. 27 Eylül 2020-10 Kasım 2020 tarihleri arasında 44 gün süren savaşın Azerbaycan zaferiyle sonuçlanmasıyla kent yeniden Azerbaycan’ın bir parçası haline gelince kentteki yapıların restorasyon ve korunması çalışmalarına başlanmıştır. Şuşa Yukarı Gövher Ağa Camii de restorasyon çalışmalarında ilk sırayı almıştır. Şuşa’daki en eski ve en dikkat çekici yapı olan Yukarı Gövher Ağa Camii, Türk-İslam sanatının Azerbaycan’daki önemli temsilcilerinden biridir. Cami çeşitli zamanlarda aynı yerde dört kez yeniden inşa edilmiştir. Dördüncü yapı, günümüzde de varlığını sürdüren 1883-85 tarihli cami olup Gövher Ağa tarafından Kerbelâyi Sefi Han’a inşa ettirilmiştir. Yapı bir medrese ile bir hazireden oluşan külliye içinde yer almaktadır. Bir bodrum kat üzerine inşa edilen cami, kuzey-güney yönünde dikdörtgen planlı bir harim, kuzeyinde üç birimli bir son cemaat yeri ve son cemaat yerinin iki köşesinde son cemaat yerinin beden duvarları üzerinde yükselen iki minareden oluşmaktadır. Yapının doğu ve batı cepheleri iki katlı düzenlenmiştir. Harimin üzeri eş büyüklükte 12 birime ayrılmış, bu birimlerden ortada kalan ikisi birer kubbe, diğer birimleri ise haç tonozla örtülmüştür. Kerbelâyi Sefi Han’ın inşa ettiği yapıların genel karakterinin izlendiği yapı özellikle minarelerini bezeyen tuğla süslemeleriyle de önemlidir. Bu makalede, Şuşa’daki Yukarı Gövher Ağa Camii’nin plan ve süsleme özellikleri açısından tanıtılması, yapının Türk-İslam mimarisi içindeki yerinin saptanması hedeflenmektedir.
Aplicação de algoritmo de aprendizado de máquina para a melhoria de processos em aterros sanitários
Authors:   , Diniz Lucas
Published: January 2024

O manejo de resíduos sólidos no Brasil enfrenta desafios significativos, que requerem
inovações tecnológicas para otimização e sustentabilidade. A inteligência artificial
surge como um vetor de transformação, com capacidade para aprimorar a eficácia
dos processos envolvidos. Este estudo visa desenvolver uma aplicação de inteligência
artificial direcionada à gestão de aterros sanitários. A pesquisa foca na criação de um
modelo computacional capaz de estimar a progressão da frente de trabalho utilizando
redes neurais convolucionais, uma modalidade de deep learning especializada em
tarefas de visão computacional. Imagens aéreas coletadas por Veículos Aéreos Não
Tripulados (VANT) constituem a base de dados para treinamento do modelo proposto.
Os resultados demonstram a capacidade da rede neural de identificar resíduos à suuperfície por meio de segmentação semântica, utilizando máscaras de classificação. A
mensuração da expansão operacional é realizada pelo emprego do operador lógico
XOR. A solução desenvolvida promete contribuir para o aprimoramento do controle
operacional de aterros sanitários, impactando positivamente a gestão ambiental de
resíduos sólidos.
Normas Constitucionais sobre o viés do Direito Administrativo
Authors: Lemos Marcos Antonio Amorim
Published: January 2024

O artigo em destaque aborda a supremacia e rigidez constitucionais presentes na Constituição de 1988, destacando a importância desses princípios na fundamentação e projeção das normas constitucionais. Explora-se a variedade de classificações das normas constitucionais, ressaltando a similaridade entre elas quando estudadas à luz dos preceitos jurídicos e do Direito Administrativo. No contexto das normas constitucionais, são analisados seus desdobramentos em termos de potencial de eficácia e possibilidade de aplicação. É destacado ainda a necessidade de distinguir e reconhecer as semelhanças e conceitos doutrinários manifestos, apresentando diversas classificações que, apesar de variadas, convergem em sua essência. São identificados três graus de efeitos que sustentam a classificação das normas constitucionais em eficácia plena, eficácia contida e eficácia limitada, sendo algumas imediatamente aplicáveis e outras dependentes de regulamentação.
Anti-inflammatory ability of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract in cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme inhibition: In silico study
Authors: Titiek Berniyanti  , Mohammad Iqbal  , Naufal Ikbar Yaasir  , Fernando Rizky Ashifudin Pasha Mulyana  , Abdullah Sherf Hemadi
Published: January 2024

Background: Inflammation represents the body's natural response to injury, which can be induced by chemical, physical, or biological agents. Current approaches to managing inflammatory conditions involve addressing the primary etiological factors and administering anti-inflammatory medications like Nonsteroid Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in inhibiting cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). However, data from 2021 reveals that 78.8% of patients experience gastritis as a side effect of such treatment. Licorice root extract (LRE)-an ayurvedic plants emerges as a promising alternative due to its potent anti-inflammatory properties attributed to the presence of glycyrrhizin, constituting between 2% to 25% of its dry weight. Objectives: To find out and determine the molecular inhibition of compound in LRE against COX-2 enzyme. Method: The process involves isolating the active constituents of LRE using pubchem and BioVia application, isolation active site of COX-2 by exploring RCSB PDB and isolate it using PyMol and engaging in molecular docking simulations using PyRx. Results and discussions: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) emerges as a pivotal enzymatic orchestrator intricately woven into the fabric of the inflammatory cascade. Licorice root extract stands at the forefront of prospective candidates in the realm of anti-inflammatory drug development, buoyed by its remarkable anti-inflammatory attributes. Regarding to ∆Gbind value, molecular docking tests show LRE compounds inhibit COX-2 better than arachidonic acid and mefenamic acid. Six LRE compounds outperform reference compounds, indicating potential anti-inflammatory capabilities. Other compounds show anti-inflammatory activity, and RMSD values affirm the accuracy of in silico predictions. Conclusion: LRE had potential as oral topical anti-inflammatory drugs through COX-2 inhibition with the best anti-inflammation ability is 18β‐glycyrrhetic acid.
The Effectiveness of Quizizz as Web-Based Learning Media in Teaching Reading Comprehension
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Styaningsih Dwi
Published: January 2024

This study aims at investigating the effectiveness of using Quizizz as a Web- Based Learning Media in Reading Comprehension Learning on recount text. This study used a quasi-experimental research design. Class VIII-J and class VIII-K of a State Junior High School in Kediri were used as research samples. Class VIII K was the experimental group consisted of 34 students and taught by using quizizz, and class VIII J was the control class consisted of 34 students and taught by using Gform. Two set of reading tests were used as pretest and posttest research instruments. The data analysis used the Mann Whitney non-parametric test in SPPS to test the hypothesis because the data was not normally distributed. The result shows that the null hypothesis can be rejected because the significant value obtained is 0.000 < 0.05. Quizizz is effective for teaching reading recount text with a large effect size adopted from the Cohen standard (0.8 ≤ 0.84 ≤ 2.0). According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that Quizizz is an effective media for teaching recount text. It is also suggested that teachers can apply Quizizz as a learning media so that students are interested.
A Design Methodology of an Embedded Motion-Detecting Video Surveillance System
Authors:   University Malaysia Sabah, Mariappan Muralindran , Thong Lim Kean ,   University Malaysia Sabah, Muthukaruppan Karthigayan ,   PG INTSYS SDN BHD
Published: January 2024

Malaysia urbanization rate has been growing fast due to rapid development and modernization (Economy Planning Unit, 2015) (World Bank, 2015). With the fast growing urban population, the property crimes associated also rises at an alarming rate (United Nations Human Settlements Program, 2007) ( Mohit Mohammad Abdul, Elsawahli H. Mohamed Hassan, 2015) (Ministry of Home Affairs, 2015). Video surveillance system is one of the trusted and efficient security systems to protect people and property against criminal (Varij Ken, 2015). Three problems and issues regarding current video surveillance system are functionality, flexibility and efficiency. The aim of this project is to design and develop an embedded motion detecting video surveillance system and to produce a functioning prototype as the final result to solve these problems. In order to achieve the aim of this project, three objectives are set to be attained. These objectives are to design and develop a motion detection algorithm based on OpenCV library functions using camera as sensor, to process and execute the algorithm using an embedded micro-computer and to compare its processing performance with a PC and to enable wireless user alert using LAN and internet connection. The first objective is achieved as the motion detection algorithm designed and developed based on background subtraction method using camera sensor and openCV library function is proven to functioning well in detecting for motion changes. The algorithm performs successfully both in BeagleBone Black module and PC and is able to deliver outputs required for embedded motion detection video surveillance system. The second objective is achieved as BeagleBone Black (BBB) module, a micro-computer embedded system is used as main processor for the embedded motion-detecting video surveillance system. The BBB module is able to process and execute the motion detection algorithm designed with image processing functions from OpenCV library. The third objective is achieved as embedded motion-detecting video surveillance system is equipped with wireless user alert function using local area network and internet connection. The system is able to send real-time alert to the user via email attached with the image captured and detected as a threat by the system.