bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of sodium sulfite, ammonium chloride, and ascorbic acid for quenching chlorine prior to disinfection byproduct analysis
Authors: Moore Nathan , Ebrahimi Shelir , Zhu Yanping , Wang Chengjin , Hofmann Ron , Andrews Susan
Published: March 2021

This study compared 3 commonly used quenching agents for dechlorinating samples prior to disinfection byproduct (DBP) analysis under typical drinking water sampling conditions for a representative suite of chlorination byproducts. Ascorbic acid and sodium sulfite quenched the residual free chlorine to below detection within 5 seconds. Ammonium chloride did not quench the chlorine to below detection with up to a 70% molar excess, which agrees with published ammonium chloride-chlorine chemistry. With respect to the DBPs, ascorbic acid worked well for the trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids, except for dibromoiodomethane, which exhibited 2.6–28% error when using ascorbic acid compared to non-quenched control samples. Sodium sulfite also worked well for the trihalomethanes (and performed similarly to ascorbic acid for dibromoiodomethane) and was the best performing quenching agent for MX and the inorganic DBPs, but contributed to the decay of several emerging DBPs, including several halonitromethanes and haloacetamides. Ammonium chloride led to considerable errors for many DBPs, including 27–31% errors in chloroform concentrations after 24 hours of storage. This work shows that ascorbic acid is suitable for many of the organic DBPs analyzed by gas chromatography-electron capture detection and that sodium sulfite may be used for simultaneous chlorite, chlorate, and bromate analysis.
Investments in Capital Asset at the Regions of Russia in 2019
Authors: Pinkovetskaya Yu. S.
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the study.It is known that the further development of the Russian regions requires significant investment in all areas of activity. Therefore, the problem of assessing the existing indicators of investment activity, characteristic of each of the regions, is put forward as an urgent one. At the same time, given the wide variety of Russian regions, a comparative analysis of absolute investment volumes is not appropriate. In this regard, we suggest using a comparison of specific indicators for the analysis. The purpose of our study is to assess the levels of specific investment in capital asset per capita in all regions of our country.

Materials and methods.The study used the methodological approach proposed by the author, based on the consideration of specific indicators describing investment activity in the regions of Russia. The study included four stages. As initial information, we considered the official statistics provided on the ROSSTAT website, which characterize investments in the regions, as well as the number of their population in 2019. The study conducted a cluster analysis, as well as economic and mathematical modeling of the distribution of the considered indicators by the regions of the country.

Results.The cluster analysis allowed us to identify five clusters that unite the regions of Russia with similar values of specific investments per inhabitant of the corresponding region. The first cluster includes four regions, the second cluster - five regions, the third cluster - thirteen regions, the fourth cluster - twenty-six regions and the fifth cluster - thirty-four regions. The cluster analysis showed that in nine regions in 2019, there was a high level of investment, due to the tasks of their strategic development to solve federal problems. For 73 regions there were relatively low values of specific investment, the distribution of empirical data was modeled using the normal distribution function.

Conclusion.The scientific novelty of the study is related to the cluster analysis and the study of the distribution of specific investments by region. Regions with high and low values of specific investments in capital asset were identified. It is proved that the values of specific investments have a significant differentiation across the regions of the country. The results of our work have a certain theoretical and practical significance for the government, regional and local authorities. The methodological approach to assessing the level of investment presented in the article can be used in further research.
Natural Sourced Inhibitors of EGFR, PDGFR, FGFR and VEGFRMediated
Signaling Pathways as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Nandi Sisir , Dey Rishita , Samadder Asmita , Saxena Aaruni , Saxena Anil Kumar
Published: March 2021

:

The molecular mechanisms of mitotic cell cycle progression involve very tightly
restricted types of machinery which are highly regulated by a fine balance between the
positive and negative accelerators (or regulators). These regulators include several checkpoints
that have proteins acting as enzymes and their activating partners. These checkpoints
incessantly monitor the external as well as internal environments such as growth
signals, favorable conditions for growth, cell size, DNA integrity of the cell and hence
function to maintain the highly ordered cell cycle progression by sustaining cell homeostasis
and promoting error-free DNA replication and cell cycle division. To progress
through the mitotic cell cycle, the cell has to successfully drive past the cell cycle checkpoints.
Due to the abnormal behavior of some cell cycle proteins, the cells tend to divide
continuously overcoming the tight regulation of cell cycle checkpoints. Such anomalies
may lead to unwanted cell division, and this deregulation of cell cycle events is considered
as one of the main reasons behind tumor development, and thus, cancer progression.
So the understanding of the molecular mechanisms in cancer progression might be insightful
for designing several cancer treatment strategies. The deregulation in the checkpoints
is caused due to the changes in the tyrosine residues of TPKs via PDGFR, EGFR,
FGFR, and VEGFR-mediated signaling pathways. Therefore, the inhibitors of PDGFR,
EGFR, FGFR, and VEGFR-mediated signaling pathways could be potential anticancer
agents. The resistance and toxicity in the existing synthetic anticancer chemotherapeutics
may decrease the life span of a patient. For long, natural products have played an essential
alternative source of therapeutic agents due to having least or no side effect and toxicity.
The present study is an attempt to promote natural anticancer drug development focusing
on the updated structural information of PDGFR, EGFR, FGFR, and VEGFR inhibitors
isolated from the plant sources. The data used in this review has been collected
from internet resources, viz. GOOGLE Web, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, and PubMed Central.
The citation of each report was first checked, after which the articles were selected
as an authentic reference for the present study. Around 200 journal articles were initially
selected, of which around 142 were finally chosen for presenting the study on the natural
sourced inhibitors of EGFR, PDGFR, FGFR, and VEGFR-mediated signaling pathways
which may help to enhance the potential cancer treatment.
Exploring miRNA-related Molecular Targets of Erchen Decoction against
Lipid Metabolism Disorder using a Network Pharmacologic Approach
Authors: Ding Shanshan , Chen Qiliang , Huang Yiqing , Li Xiaomei , Chai Yujuan , Li Candong , Asakawa Tetsuya
Published: March 2021

Background:

Erchen Decoction (ECD) is a complex herbal formulation widely used for treating lipid metabolism disorder (LMD) in China. This study aims to explore the microRNA (miRNA)-related molecular targets of ECD against LMD using a network pharmacology approach (NPA)

Methods:

We randomly divided 20 male Sprague Dawley rats into two groups; 10 rats were normal controls, and the other 10 rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to establish an LMD model. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRs, HFD vs. Control) in the rats’ liver tissues were identified by miRNA sequencing and validated with qRT-PCR. Finally, the miRNA-related molecular targets for ECD activity against LMD were identified using a standard NPA by finding the intersection between identified DE-miRs-related targets and ECD-related targets.

Result:

We identified 8 DE-miRs and 968 targets and compared them to 262 ECD-related targets. A final list of 22 candidate targets was identified. Using a confidence score of >0.4, the network of (protein-protein interaction) PPI relationships exhibited 22 nodes and 67 edges. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed 171 molecular targets and 59 pathways, which were associated with ECD against LMD.

Conclusion:

The identified molecular targets and pathways suggest that complex mechanisms are involved in ECD’s mechanism of action, and immune-inflammation-related mechanisms are closely associated with the effects of ECD. The targets obtained in this study will guide future studies on the pharmacologic effects of ECD.
Characterization of Piezoelectric Properties of Ag-NPs Doped PVDF
Nanocomposite Fibres Membrane Prepared by Near Field Electrospinning
Authors: Pan Cheng-Tang , Dutt Karishma , Yen Chung-Kun , Kumar Ajay , Kaushik Aman Chandra , Wei Dong-Qing , Kumar Amit , Wen Zhi-Hong , Hsu Wen-Hsin , Shiue You-Ling
Published: March 2021

Background:

In this study, Near-field electrospinning (NFES) technique used with a cylindrical collector to fabricate a large area permanent piezoelectric micro and nanofibers by a prepared solution. NFES requires a small electric field to fabricate fibers.

Objective:

The objective of this paper to investigate silver nanoparticle (Ag-NP)/ Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite as the best piezoelectric material with improved properties to produced tremendously flexible and sensitive piezoelectric material with pertinent conductance.

Method:

In this paper we used controllable electrospinning technique based on Near-field electrospinning (NFES)The process parameter for Ag-NP/PVDF composite electrospun fiber based on pure PVDF fiber. A PVDF solution concentration of 18 wt.% and 6 wt.% silver nitrate which is relative to the weight of PVDF wt.% with 1058 µS conductivity fibers have been directly written on a rotating cylindrical collector for aligned fiber PVDF/Ag-NP fibers are patterned on fabricated copper (Cu) interdigitated electrodes were implemented on a thin flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) used as a package to enhance the durability of the PVDF/ Ag-NP device.

Results:

A notable effect on the piezoelectric response has been observed after Ag-NP addition confirmed by XRD characterization and tapping test of Ag-NP/PVDF composite fiber. The morphology of the PVDF/Ag-NP fibers and measure diameter by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Optical micrograph (OM), of fiber. Finally, The result shows that diameter of PVDF/Ag-NP fibers up to ~7 μm. The. High diffraction peak at 2θ = 20.5˚ was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) in the piezoelectric crystal β-phase structure. While the electromechanical conversion is found enhance from ~0.1 V to ~1 V by the addition of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in the PVDF solution.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, we can say that confirmed and validated the addition of Ag-NP in PVDF could enhance the piezoelectric property by using NFES technique with improved crystalline phase content can be useful for a wide range of power and sensing applications like biomedical devices and energy harvesting, among others.
Identification of a Novel Epithelial-to-mesenchymal-related Gene Signature
in Predicting Survival of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Guohua , Xiao Simeng , Hu Junjie , Hu Na , Sheng Lei , Rao Hui
Published: March 2021

Background:

Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) promotes cancer
metastasis, including hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, EMT-related gene signature was
explored.

Objective:

The present study was designed to develop an EMT-related gene signature for
predicting the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods:

An integrated gene expression analysis based on tumor data of the patients with
hepatocellular carcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), HCCDB18, and GSE14520
dataset was conducted. An EMT-related gene signature was constructed by the least absolute
shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and COX regression analysis of univariate and
multivariate survival.

Results:

A 3-EMT gene signature was developed and validated based on gene expression profiles
of hepatocellular carcinoma from three microarray platforms. Patients with a high-risk score had
significantly worse overall survival (OS) than those with low-risk scores. The EMT-related gene
signature showed a high performance in accurately predicting prognosis and examining the clinical
characteristics and immune score analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses
confirmed that the EMT-related gene signature was an independent prognostic factor for predicting
survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Compared with the existing models, our EMTrelated
gene signature reached a higher area under the curve (AUC).

Conclusion:

Our findings provide novel insight into understanding EMT and help identify
hepatocellular carcinoma patients with poor prognosis.
Leukaemia Infection Diagnosis and Intestinal Flora Disorder
Authors: Wang Hongwu , Zhong Yong , Ma Lian
Published: March 2021

:

Leukaemia is the most common malignant tumor in childhood and can be cured by chemotherapy. Infection is an important cause of treatment-related death and treatment failure in childhood leukaemia. Recent studies have shown that the correlation between the occurrence of leukaemia infection and the intestinal flora has attracted more and more attention. Intestinal flora can affect the body's physiological defense and immune function. When intestinal microflora disorder occurs, metabolites/microorganisms related to intestinal flora alterations and even likely the associated morpho-functional alteration of the epithelial barrier may be promising diagnostic biomarkers for the early diagnosis of leukaemia infection. This review will focus on the interaction between leukaemia infection and intestinal flora, and the influence of intestinal flora in the occurrence and development of leukaemia infection.
Therapeutic Potential of microRNA Against Th2-associated Immune Disorders
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Ashraf Muhammad Umer , Kumar Anil , Bae Yong-Soo
Published: March 2021

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short ~18-22 nucleotide, single-stranded, non-coding RNA
molecules playing a crucial role in regulating diverse biological processes and are frequently dysregulated
during disease pathogenesis. Thus, targeting miRNA could be a potential candidate for
therapeutic invention. This systemic review aims to summarize our current understanding regarding
the role of miRNAs associated with Th2-mediated immune disorders and strategies for therapeutic
drug development and current clinical trials.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) During Pregnancy and the Risk for Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the Offspring: A True Effect or a Bias? A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis
Authors: Leshem Regina , Bar-Oz Benjamin , Diav-Citrin Orna , Gbaly Siham , Soliman Jessica , Renoux Christel , Matok Ilan
Published: March 2021

Background and Objective:

An inconsistent association between exposure to SSRIs and
SNRIs and the risk for ASD and ADHD in the Offspring was observed in observational studies.
Some suggest that the reported association might be due to unmeasured confounding. We aimed to
study this association and to look for sources of bias by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:

Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to June 2019 for studies
reporting on ASD and ADHD in the Offspring following exposure during pregnancy. We followed
the PRISMA 2009 guidelines for data selection and extraction. Outcomes were pooled using random-
effects models and odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for
each outcome using the adjusted point estimate of each study.

Results:

Eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. We found an association between SSRIs/
SNRIs prenatal use and the risk for ASD and ADHD (OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.23–1.65, I2=58%;
OR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.07-1.49, I2=48%, respectively). Similar findings were obtained in women
who were exposed to SSRIs/SNRIs before pregnancy, representing statistically significant association
with ASD (OR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.24-1.56, I2=33%) and ADHD (OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.50-1.78,
I2=0%) in the Offspring, although they were not exposed to those medications in utero.

Conclusions:

Although we found an association between exposure to SSRIs/SNRIs during pregnancy
and the risk for ASD and ADHD, an association with those disorders was also present for exposure
pre-pregnancy, suggesting that the association might be due to unmeasured confounding.
We are aiming to further assess the role of potential unmeasured confounding in the estimation of
the association and perform a network meta-analysis.
The Role of Imaging in Computer-Assisted Tumor Surgery of the Sacrum and Pelvis
Authors: Sambri Andrea , Fujiwara Tomohiro , Fiore Michele , Giannini Claudio , Zucchini Riccardo , Cevolani Luca , Donati Davide Maria , De Paolis Massimiliano
Published: March 2021

:

The use of a navigation system allows precise resection of a tumor and accurate reconstruction of the resultant defect thereby sparing important anatomical structures and preserving function.
It is an “image-based” system where the imaging (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) is required to supply the software with data. The fusion of the preoperative imaging provides pre-operative information about local anatomy and extent of the tumor, so that it allows an accurate preoperative planning. Accurate pre-operative imaging is mandatory in order to minimize CATS errors, thus performing accurate tumor resections.
How Similar are Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Different Origins? A Review of Comparative Studies
Authors: Farkhad Najmeh Kaffash , Mahmoudi Ali , Mahdipour Elahe
Published: March 2021

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent cells with self-renewal
potential and the ability to differentiate into specialized cells. MSCs home in various tissues and
can be isolated using simple methods. Because of this feasibility in the isolation and culture of
MSCs in vitro, many scientists have focused on the therapeutic applications of MSCs for various
diseases and conditions. The selection of the tissue source to obtain MSCs mainly depends on the
availability of the tissue, the patient’s health status, as well as the expertise of the researcher. However,
some studies indicate that MSCs derived from different tissue sources are not the same and
possess different regenerative capacities. Therefore, in this review, we have collected and summarized
the results from studies that have performed head-to-head comparisons between MSCs isolated
from different tissues. Despite the assessment method discrepancy between studies, results
from these studies reveal that MSCs derived from different tissue sources are not the same. Some
such as umbilical cord-derived MSCs and menstrual blood-derived MSCs were identified with robust
angiogenic potentials. However, cord blood-derived MSCs possessed a strong cartilage repair
capacity. Further investigations are required to establish certain capabilities for MSCs derived from
a particular tissue origin. Nevertheless, it is recommended to consider the possibility of functional
variations between MSCs isolated from distinct tissue origins when applying MSCs in clinics.
Quality of Life of Healthcare Workers Suffering from Occupational Contact
Dermatitis
Authors: Omrane Amira , Khedher Asma , Harrathi Chayma , Maoua Maher , Khalfallah Taoufik , Bouzgarrou Lamia , Mrizak Nejib , Henchi Mohamed Adnene , Ali Hichem Bel Hadj
Published: March 2021

Background:

Healthcare workers are at a high risk of developing Occupational Dermatitis
(OD). Affected workers often experience severe impairment of their Quality of Life (QoL). This
study aimed to assess the skin-related QoL of healthcare workers with OD and to explore its related
factors.

Methods:

A cross-sectional and exhaustive study was conducted among healthcare personnel of
four public hospitals in the central region of Tunisia. All the cases of OD declared were included.
Skin-related QoL was assessed using the validated Tunisian version of the “Dermatology Life Quality
Index” (DLQI). Some related patents have also been discussed.

Results:

A total of 37 cases of OD were collected with an annual incidence of 4.2 cases per 10000
workers. The population was predominantly female (73%) and the mean age was 44.7±9.4 years.
Nurses were the most represented occupational category (38%). Allergic contact dermatitis was the
most frequent diagnosis (96%). The use of gloves was the most frequently reported occupational
hazard (86%). The most frequently affected sites were hands (97%).
The median score of DLQI was five. Multivariate analysis showed an association between the impairment
of skin-related QoL and female gender (p = 0.04; OR = 19.3,84), exposure to disinfecting
chemicals in the workplace (p = 0.01; OR = 17,306) and the absence of occupational reclassification
(p = 0.01; OR = 21,567).

Conclusion:

About one-third of the population had an impaired quality of life. The score impairment
was significantly related to the female gender, exposure to disinfecting chemicals and the
absence of occupational reclassification.
The Sufi Jamaat «Ismail aga» in the Territory of the Volga Region: Appearance, Distribution, Social Attitude
Authors:   Institute for National Strategy, Rais Ravkatovich Suleymanov
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the investigation of religious revival processes, observed in the post-Soviet period. The process of religious revival took place among the Muslims on the territory of the Volga region, accompanied by the emergence of new religious movements of Islamic origin, many of which had their spiritual centers in the Middle East. It is stated that alongside the emergence of Salafi groups, recognized as extremist and terrorist or-ganizations in the 2000s, the followers of various Sufi jamaats from Turkey also appeared – Ismail Agha is supposed to be one of the most pronounced. The peak of its activity in the region begins with Kamil Samigullin’s coming to the post of Tatarstan mufti in 2013, belonging to this Sufi community. He begins to appoint Ismail Agha murids to the posts of imams and mukhtasibs, simultaneously expanding his influence outside Tatarstan, meeting some resistance, both from the Muslim clergy and from government agencies in charge of the religious sphere in the region. At the same time, the process of strengthening the influence of this particular Sufi brother-hood is taking place against the background of a general shift towards Sufism in the Middle Volga region: today different branches of the Naqshbandi Tariqa are represented in the region, and there are also groups of murids of the Qadiri and Shazili tariqas. Such a variety of Sufism in the Muslim Ummah of the Volga region is caused by the fact that different centers of its historical area (Turkey, Central Asia and the North Caucasus) exert influ-ence through their murids. At the same time, the Sufis themselves are in no hurry to openly advertise their pres-ence, largely due to the minimization of conflicts with the Salafists, whose influence in the Islamic Ummah of Tatarstan is noticeably preserved.
Muslims in the Political Processes of Belarus: History and Present Situation
Authors:   Mogilev Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Republic of Belarus, Anton Evgenievich Ignatovich
Published: March 2021

The article reveals the features of the political relationships between Muslims and the Bel-arus authorities. Together with the Belarusian people, the Muslim Tatars have come a difficult way of statehood formation and establishment on the given territory. Since the late XX one can observe a very pronounced geopolitical context in the relation-ships of Muslim population and Belorussian authorities. The Muslim community of Belarus is subject to involvement into the spheres of influence, claiming to get global and regional leader-ship in the Muslim world. The investigation is concerned with the Muslims inhabiting Belarus. The subject of re-search deals with the Muslims in their participation in political processes. The purpose of the given article is to single out some peculiarities of political interaction between the Muslims and Belorussian authorities.
TEKNOLOGI DAN MASA DEPAN OTONOMI MANUSIA: SEBUAH KAJIAN FILSAFAT MANUSIA
Authors: Cathrin Shely
Published: March 2021

Penulisan artikel ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena relasi manusia dengan teknologi akibat pesatnya perkembangan teknologi, komunikasi, dan informasi pada abad ke-21. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk melakukan refleksi atas teknologi dalam kajian filsafat manusia untuk memperdalam pemahaman tentang diri manusia. Artikel ini merupakan kajian pustaka dengan objek material berupa fenomena penggunaan gadget yang dianalisis dari objek formal filsafat manusia. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa teknologi pada dasarnya bersifat material atau berdimensi material. Roh manusia-lah yang menentukan arah dari teknologi itu. Betapa pun gadget membawa kebaikan pada manusia, ia adalah perangkat yang membahayakan. Ia mempunyai logikanya sendiri; arah tujuannya ditentukan berdasarkan rutenya sendiri; dan ia meleburkan manusia pada sebuah sistem yang otonom. Kata kunci untuk tetap menjaga otonomi manusia atas teknologi adalah pada kesadaran manusia. Pertama, manusia harus sadar bahwa teknologi perlu diperlakukan layaknya subjek; dan kedua, manusia harus sadar bahwa teknologi ada untuk manusia, sebagai sarana atau media untuk me-material-kan ide-ide dan gagasan manusia. Semuanya mengarah pada satu tujuan: demi membuat dunia manusia sesuai dengan kebutuhan manusia. Dengan berpegang pada dua hal tersebut, maka otonomi manusia atas teknologi akan tetap ada. Manusia tidak boleh jatuh pada teknologi karena teknologi untuk manusia bukan sebaliknya. Kata kunci: Teknologi, Gadget, Manusia, Otonomi, Kesadaran
Burning mouth syndrome – a burning enigma
Authors: Andabak Rogulj Ana , Škrinjar Ivana , Vidović Juras Danica , Vučićević Boras † Vanja , Lončar Brzak Božana
Published: March 2021

Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is a chronic pain condition characterized by an intraoral burning sensation and an absence of oral mucosal lesions and disturbances in laboratory findings. Burning symptoms usually affect the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, its lateral borders, hard palate and labial mucosa, but other oral cavity sites may also be affected. Taste alterations and a decrease in the salivary flow rate frequently accompany the burning symptoms. This condition mostly affects peri- and postmenopausal women. To date, the etiology of BMS remains unclear. This unknown etiology means that no appropriate treatment is currently available. A large number of the treatments and medications have been tried for BMS, but treatment management remains unsatisfactory in some patients. The purpose of this article is to present current knowledge on the treatment of BMS.
e-Learning for Instruction and to Improve Reproducibility of Scoring Tumor-Stroma Ratio in Colon Carcinoma: Performance and Reproducibility Assessment in the UNITED Study
Authors: Smit Marloes A , van Pelt Gabi W , Dequeker Elisabeth MC , Al Dieri Raed , Tollenaar Rob AEM , van Krieken J Han JM , Mesker Wilma E ,   UNITED Group
Published: March 2021

Background

The amount of stroma in the primary tumor is an important prognostic parameter. The tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) was previously validated by international research groups as a robust parameter with good interobserver agreement.

Objective

The Uniform Noting for International Application of the Tumor-Stroma Ratio as an Easy Diagnostic Tool (UNITED) study was developed to bring the TSR to clinical implementation. As part of the study, an e-Learning module was constructed to confirm the reproducibility of scoring the TSR after proper instruction.

Methods

The e-Learning module consists of an autoinstruction for TSR determination (instruction video or written protocol) and three sets of 40 cases (training, test, and repetition sets). Scoring the TSR is performed on hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections and takes only 1-2 minutes. Cases are considered stroma-low if the amount of stroma is ≤50%, whereas a stroma-high case is defined as >50% stroma. Inter- and intraobserver agreements were determined based on the Cohen κ score after each set to evaluate the reproducibility.

Results

Pathologists and pathology residents (N=63) with special interest in colorectal cancer participated in the e-Learning. Forty-nine participants started the e-Learning and 31 (63%) finished the whole cycle (3 sets). A significant improvement was observed from the training set to the test set; the median κ score improved from 0.72 to 0.77 (P=.002).

Conclusions

e-Learning is an effective method to instruct pathologists and pathology residents for scoring the TSR. The reliability of scoring improved from the training to the test set and did not fall back with the repetition set, confirming the reproducibility of the TSR scoring method.

Trial Registration

The Netherlands Trial Registry NTR7270; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7072

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/13464
Comparing an eHealth Program (My Hip Journey) With Standard Care for Total Hip Arthroplasty: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Saunders Rosemary , Seaman Karla , Emery Laura , Bulsara Max , Ashford Catherine , McDowall Judith , Gullick Karen , Ewens Beverley , Sullivan Trudy , Foskett Charlotte , Whitehead Lisa
Published: March 2021

Background

The role of eHealth programs to support patients through surgical pathways, including total hip arthroplasty (THA), is rapidly growing and offers the potential to improve patient engagement, self-care, and outcomes.

Objective

The aim of this study is to compare the effects of an eHealth program (intervention) versus standard care for pre- and postoperative education on patient outcomes for primary THA.

Methods

A prospective parallel randomized controlled trial with two arms (standard care and standard care plus access to the eHealth education program) was conducted. Participants included those who underwent THA. Outcome measures were collected preadmission, at 6 weeks, and at 3 and 6 months after surgery. The primary outcome was the Hip Dysfunction and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. Secondary outcomes were a 5-level 5-dimension quality of life measure and the self-efficacy for managing chronic disease scale. Demographic and clinical characteristics were also collected. A satisfaction survey was completed by all participants 6 weeks after surgery, and those in the intervention arm completed an additional survey specific to the eHealth program.

Results

A total of 99 patients were recruited: 50 in the eHealth program (intervention) and 49 in standard care (control). Clinical improvements were demonstrated in both groups across all time points. Per-protocol analysis demonstrated no differences between the groups for all outcome measures across all time points. Participants in the eHealth program reported that the program was accessible, that they felt comfortable using it, and that the information was helpful.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that the eHealth program, in addition to standard care, had no additional benefit to THA recovery compared with standard care alone. The study found that the eHealth program was highly valued by participants, and it supported the preoperative preparation, recovery, and postoperative rehabilitation of participants.

Trial Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12617001433392; http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373657
Ionians and Carians in an Aramaic Letter from Saqqâra: Notes for a Tentative Interpretation of NSaqPap 26
Authors: Santini Marco
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to present preliminary textual and historical observations towards a more comprehensive interpretation of a late 5th-4th cent. BC fragmentary letter of a Persian official from the corpus of Aramaic papyri of Saqqâra (NSaqPap 26). The understanding of this document, which deals with some situation of turbulence arisen between the Persian administration at Memphis/Saqqâra and the Ionians and Carians who lived and worked on the spot, is rendered complicated by the poor conditions of preservation of the papyrus, whose top and right portions are lost. Apart from the editio princeps by J.B. Segal (Aramaic Texts from North Saqqâra, London 1983, no. 26) and few additional notes in the reviews of it by J. Teixidor (JAOS1985) and S. Shaked (Orientalia1987), specific contributions on the piece are lacking. More in particular, despite its relevance to the study of the long-established communities of Greeks and Carians in Egypt, the letter has not received yet an adequate treatment from the historical point of view.

 

Following a lexical and syntactical revision, I provide a new tentative translation of the text, with the aim to reach as thorough and coherent an interpretation of the document as possible, and to shed further light on the living conditions of the communities of Ionians and Carians in Egypt under the Persian rule. By further contextualizing the events described in the letter with the aid of external sources, I argue for a mercenary revolt that affected the storehouses at the port of Memphis as the situation that prompted the response of the local Persian administration.
Análise de transitórios hidráulicos decorrentes da operação otimizada de estações elevatórias
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil, Meirelles Gustavo , Saliba Aloysio , Tarqui Jorge , Viana Edna , Ramos Helena
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho são avaliados os transitórios hidráulicos decorrentes da operação otimizada de uma estação elevatória de uma rede de distribuição de água e os procedimentos operacionais que podem reduzir este problema para assegurar a confiabilidade do sistema. A operação otimizada é obtida utilizando o algoritmo Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) e simulações em regime permanente, considerando que as bombas estarão operando com sua velocidade de rotação nominal ou desligadas. Em seguida, as manobras de arranque e paragem definidas são utilizadas num modelo em regime transitório para avaliar as variações de pressão decorrentes da operação otimizada. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que as variações de pressão não são elevadas, mas que, a longo prazo, podem ser significativos na redução da vida útil dos equipamentos hidráulicos. Além disso, observou-se que a variação da demanda num modelo transitório pode causar erros significativos, sendo necessária uma modelação cautelosa neste aspeto. In this work, the hydraulic transients resulting from the optimized operation of a pumping station in a water distribution network are studied and operational procedures to reduce this problem and ensure the reliability of the system are evaluated. An optimal pumping scheduling is obtained using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and a steady state model considering pumps operating only at their nominal rotational speed or switched off. Then, the pumps schedules are used in a transient model to evaluate the pressure surges of the optimized operation. The results showed that the pressure variation is not high but can be relevant in the reduction of service life of the hydraulic equipment. In addition, it was observed that the demand pattern in the transient model can cause significant errors, and its modeling has to be carefully handled.
La science du climat au prisme de la culture : une typologie symbolico-éthique de la recherche en communication
Authors: Kane Oumar , Pilon Diabaté Alexia , Francioni Arnaud , Rawi Ahmed-Al , Bizimana Aimé-Jules
Published: March 2021

Background:In recent decades, climate has become one of the most hotly contested issues in relation to the ecological crisis. It encompasses challenges of such magnitude that “climate change” on its own has almost come to constitute a multidisciplinary area of research where scholarly and popular discourses interact forcefully.

Analysis:This article uses both symbolic-religious and ethical frameworks to describe a sample of scientific articles on climate change. It focuses on the Canadian context and favours a communicational perspective. Also, it symmetrically applies to scholarly discourse categories that are usually reserved for popular discourse. In doing so, it proposes an explanation of the ethical, symbolic and religious perspectives through which the works in our discipline address climate change.

Conclusion and implication:This article’s originality lies in its analysis of how cultural categories influence communication about the environment. Through this approach, it highlights the connections between popular and scholarly discourses on climate.
DIGITAL ECONOMIC SECURITY OF RUSSIAN ORGANIZATIONS, INDUSTRIES AND RUSSIA AS A WHOLE
Authors:   Yao Yao Amur state University, Yao Yao , Vasilieva A.V. ,   A.V. Vasilieva  Amur state University
Published: March 2021

Today, the problem of the digital economy and economic security is becoming one of the most urgent, because an important aspect of the digital economy is to ensure the economic security of the state and business. The main purpose of this article is to study the relationship and interaction of the digital economy and economic security
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DIRECTION AND SUGGESTIONS OF HEILONGJANG PROVINCE UNDER THE NEW DEVELOPMENT PATTERN
Authors:   LINGYAN LI Heihe University, LI LINGYAN
Published: March 2021

In May 2020, China has put forward a major development strategy of the Developing-mode of Economic Circulation Between Domestic and International”, China's opening to the general public or outside world will continue in the future. But the emphasis on foreign investment is no longer to open up for the sake of opening up. The ultimate purpose of expanding export and foreign investment is to meet the needs of the domestic market. Developing and upgrading the domestic market is the focus of the future. In the future, China's opening up will be at a higher level, and mutual benefit and win-win with other countries will be the core content of our new pattern. Heilongjiang Province has formed a hub of internal development and opening up in the "Domestic Cycle" of overall revitalization of Northeast China and the "International Cycle" of Northeast Asia region with deep cooperation. This paper analyzes the new direction of Heilongjiang province's economic development in the future and puts forward development suggestions, so as to promote Heilongjiang Province to cultivate new advantages of China's participation in international cooperation and competition under the new situation, and to add new impetus to China's economic development.
Perancangan Aplikasi E-Discussion Pada SMA Negeri 1 Banuhampu
Authors: Mayati Sri , Supriadi Supriadi , Khomaruddin Agus Nur
Published: March 2021

Penelitian yang penulis lakukan ini dilatar belakangi oleh, dimana saat ini teknologi sangat berpengaruh untuk penunjang proses pembelajaran, sebagian besar siswa sudah sudah memiliki smarphone, tetapi dipergunakan untuk bermain game online dan sosial media yang tidak mendukung pada proses pembelajaran. Keterbatasan ruang dan waktu dalam proses belajar mengajar di sekolah, Kebiasaan siswa belajar kebut satu malam membuat siswa takut mengadapi UN, biasanya peserta didik sangat membutuhkan pendampingan secra khusus, dorongan kebutuhan itu terjadi tidak menentu, tidak terjadwal. Cara mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan aplikasi diskusi secara online di rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menghasilkan aplikasi e-discussionyang tervalidasi dan mendeskripsikan kevalidan, kepraktisan dan keefektifannya.
Penelitian ini merupakan Research and Development dengan lima tahapan (ADDIE) yaitu Analisis, Desain, Pengembangan, Implementasi dan Evaluasi. Pada tahap development model pengembangan Waterfall yang terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu, Definisi persyaratan, Perancangan sistem dan perangkat lunak, Implementasi dan pengujian unit, Integrasi dan pengujian sistem, Operasi dan pemeliharaan. Uji produk yang digunakan yaitu Uji Validitas, Uji Praktikalitas, Uji Efektifitas.

Hasil dari penelitian perancangan aplikasi e-discussion untuk digunakan digunakan oleh guru/admin dan siswa/user sebagai wadah/tempat untuk pemanfaatan ruang dan waktu. Sedangkan uji  validitas dari 4 orang expert diperoleh nila 0,91 yang dinyatakan sangat valid (berdasar perhitungan validitaas dengan formula aiken’s), sedangkan untuk uji praktikalitas dari 20 orang praktisi diperoleh nilai 91.2  yang dinyatakan sangat praktis, dan untuk uji efektifitas dari 21 orang siswa diperoleh nilai  0.95 kategori sangat tinggi yang dinyatakan sangat efektif.
Optimalisasi Manajemen kinerja TI Perusahaan Perbankan Menggunakan BSC dan COBIT 4.1
Authors: Pawan Elvis , Soepriyanto Budi
Published: March 2021

Mengoptimalisasi kinerja TI untuk mendukung tercapainya visi dan misi perusahaan merupakan hal yang wajib dilakukan. Salah satu tujuan BPR PMM adalah memberikan pelayanan terbaik kepada nasabah, hal itu bukan sesuatu yang mudah tercapai tanpa bantuan TI. Untuk mengetahui peranan TI dalam sebuah perusahaan maka perlu dilakukan pengukuran secara bekelanjutan, penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur peranan TI pada BPR PMM apakah digunakan secara optimal atau belum.

            Dalam penelitian ini mengukur peranan TI pada BPR PMM menggunakan framework BSC dan COBIT 4.1, metode ini baik dikombinasikan untuk mengukur tata kelola TI dalam sebuah perusahaan jika dibandingkan dengan beberapa metode lain seperti Peterson dan weill-Ross.

Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah hasil pengukuran tingkat kematangan penerapan TI dalam mendukung operasional pada BPR PMM, dari semua proses COBIT yang dinilai tingkat kematangan terendah pada proses PO2=2,733 dengan nilai gap 1,267, sedangkan nilai tertinggi pada proses PO8=3,790 dengan nilai gap =0,210. Secara umum tingkat kematangan penerapan TI pada BPR PMM berada pada level 3 dengan kategori defined sedangkan tingkat kematangan diharapkan berada pada level 4 dengan kategori  manage and measurable.
Study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination in sediments and northern waters Lebanon: Rivers, transition zones and port sites.
Authors:   niversité Libanaise, Laboratoire Sciences de l’Eau et de l’Environnement, FSP 3, Tripoli, Liban, Amine H. , Halwani J. ,   niversité Libanaise, Laboratoire Sciences de l’Eau et de l’Environnement, FSP 3, Tripoli, Liban, Gomez E. ,   ydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France, Merhabi F. ,   niversité Libanaise, Laboratoire Sciences de l’Eau et de l’Environnement, FSP 3, Tripoli, Liban,   ydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
Published: March 2021

Contamination of the marine environment is associated with continental activities, marine activities and accidental spills. Providing answers to the origin of the contamination ofthe aquatic environment by PAHsis an objective of the present work. The originality of this work is to study pollutants in two types of matrix (water and sediments) during2 seasons (dry and wet) for an environmental monitoringof 6 years. This study provides a more complete overview of the state of contaminationin three coastal rivers, their transition zones and harborsin the Eastern Mediterranean following the Jiyyeh oil spill in 2006.Contaminantsconcentrations wereexpressed asthe sum of the 16 PAHs classified as prority substances by the United StatesEnvironmental Protection Agency(US-EPA). Overall,contamination was noted for all the analyzedsites. Oil spill seem to be one of the main sources of pollution in the area, as the highest levels of PAH(> 9000 ng.g-1s.w&> 8000 ng.L-1) were reported in the coastal environment of the three rivers and harbors.High levels of PAHswere also observed in rivers transitional zones, revealing the importance of terrestrial inputs (untreated wastewater discharge, leachate, solid wastes, etc.).Comparing the PAHsconcentrations measured in the sediments of the sitesanalyzed with the empirical sediment quality criteria "SQG" for the support of the general assessment of sediment toxicity, we can notice that some individual PAHand their sum can present a significant ecotoxicological risk to aquatic organisms. Further research through monitoring campaigns and toxicity tests is encouraged, as the exposure of the resident aquatic organisms and human population to these chemicals might be expected to increase over the years.
Degradation of soil quality in greenhouses in the Saharan zone. Case of the region of Biskra (south-east Algeria)
Authors:   Département d’Agronomie, Université 20 Août 1955.Skikda, Bala Sahima , Bensaid Rabah ,   Département d’Agronomie, Université 20 Août 1955.Skikda
Published: March 2021

In the region of Biskra, one saw to be born in about ten years an important basin of production of which one says that he/it is the first in Algeria for the cultures under abris; avec more of more than 1400ha.Long-term, one attends the deterioration of the quality of the agricultural production and a deterioration of soils under the effect of the saltiness. In this context, our work is about the saltiness of soils under greenhouse tothe level of the experimental station of the Technical institute of the Development of the agronomy Of the Sahara (I.T.D.A.S) of Ain Benoui to 10km Southbound west of Algiers is of Biskra and 600 km to the South. To the term of this work, we could put in evidence some milked of evolution of the saltiness of soils submitted to the irrigation (under greenhouse) in relation to those of the witnesses (non cultivated). One selected two cultivated greenhouses and irrigated by the system drips to drop, one of them is situated meadows of the drain and the other moved away of this last with a witness (soil non worked). He/it comes out again that the water of irrigation is salted excessively and that soils are generally salted to greatly salty Between the withdrawal of soil of March and the one of September 2003, we noticed an increase of the saltiness in the greenhouses as well as in the witness under the effect of the strong evaporation in summer and of gone it back up capillary of the tablecloth. On the other hand,one noticed that the greenhouse situated far from the drain underwent an accumulation of salts in the root zone as well as in the witness in spite of the presence of a drainage network situated to some meters. However, the greenhouse situated all around immediate of the drainage channel recorded a washing accentuated of salts in this zone. It lets think that this kind of earths sandblasting machines irrigated with a loadedwater can behave in an exemplary manner if they are drained well. That is to say with a network of drainage very brought closer of the greenhouses.
Rehabilitation of Historical Cities in the Mediterranean using Modular Patterns – Case Study of Sidon
Authors:   School of the Built Environment and Architecture, London South Bank UniversityLondon, United Kingdom, Ghoussayn Fouad , Ali Amer ,   School of the Built Environment and Architecture, London South Bank UniversityLondon, United Kingdom, Bayyati Ali ,   School of the Built Environment and Architecture, London South Bank UniversityLondon, United Kingdom
Published: March 2021

Over the Eastern Mediterranean Coast, a historical centre,well known as the port of the Phoenicians, stands facingthe sea whereships sail across the blue horizon.There lie the oldest historicalmonuments of Sidon thatremain undocumented. This paper’saimis to study thesebuildings thathave been damaged by urbanizationbyusing methodological norms and predict their social practices that were inhabited with the lifestyle of fishermen and by which we came across many repetitive patterns that turned out to be modular. Byenvisaging the modular spatial practices of ruined buildings, their coresofwhich we had no previous information, we can restore those buildings to their original state.