bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triple Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder with Coexisting
Bipolar and Alcohol Use Disorders: Clinical Aspects and Pharmacological
Treatments
Authors: Weiss Francesco , Tidona Simone , Carli Marco , Perugi Giulio , Scarselli Marco
Published: August 2022

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Alcohol Use
Disorder (AUD) are common medical conditions often coexisting and exerting mutual influence on
disease course and pharmacological treatment response. Each disorder, when considered separately,
relies on different therapeutic approaches, making it crucial to detect the plausible association between
them. Treating solely the emerging condition (e.g., alcoholism) and disregarding the patient’s whole
psychopathological ground often leads to treatment failure and relapse. Clinical experience and scientific
evidence rather show that tailoring treatments for these three conditions considering their
co-occurrence as a sole complex disorder yields more fulfilling and durable clinical outcomes. In light
of the above considerations, the purpose of the present review is to critically discuss the pharmacological
strategies in the personalized treatment of complex conditions defined by ADHD-bipolarityalcoholism
coexistence.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Transient Elastography and Two-Dimensional
Shear Wave Elastography for Staging Liver Fibrosis in Children or
Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gong Xiuru , Zhu Tingting , Peng Xiaolin , Xing Dongwei , Zhang Minguang
Published: August 2022

Background:

Few studies comprehensively compared the performance of transient elastography
(TE) and two-dimensional shear wave elastography(2D-SWE) to diagnose the stage of liver
fibrosis in children and adolescents. We assessed the diagnostic performance of these non-invasive
imaging techniques from published studies.

Methods:

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of TE and 2D-SWE, we searched the PubMed, Embase,
Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases until November 13, 2021, for studies that diagnosed
liver fibrosis in children and adolescents. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative
likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were
estimated using the bivariate model. We also performed a subgroup analysis of various research characteristics.

Results:

Twenty-seven studies with 1956 patients were included in the analysis. The sensitivity and
specificity of TE and 2D-SWE for detecting liver fibrosis in all stages were greater than 0.82. For the
detection of significant fibrosis, advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis, the summary AUC was 0.90 (95% CI:
0.87-0.92), 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93-0.96) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93-0.97) for TE, and the summary AUC was
0.92 (95% CI: 0.89-0.94), 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92-0.96) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94-0.97) for 2D-SWE, respectively.
Both imaging methods detected significant heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

TE and 2D-SWE can provide accurate non-invasive staging of liver fibrosis in children or
adolescents and are a promising technology, particularly for advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, with
a high potential to replace liver biopsy.
An Easy and Straight Forward Approach Towards the Synthesis of
N-Benzyl-5(S)-Substituted Pyrrolidin-2-ones from N-Benzyl-5(S)-pyroglutaminol
through Mitsunobu Reaction
Authors: Panday Sharad Kumar , Kumar Munish
Published: August 2022

Background:

Pyroglutamic acid is one of the cheapest chiral synthon for the synthesis of a variety of
bioactive molecules ranging from synthetic to natural origin. Derived from glutamic acid by internal cyclization
pyroglutamic acid can serve easily as a precursor for prolines or pyroglutaminols by the selective reduction of
lactam carbonyl or carboxylic group, respectively. Pyroglutamic acid has two differential carbonyls and a lactam
NH group. All these can differentially be modified to get a variety of compounds. These applications coupled
with the easy availability of pyroglutamic acid have made it a choice of interest for various research
groups in recent years to get a range of bioactive compounds both of natural as well as synthetic origins. In our
ongoing research programme, we were interested to develop an easy route for the synthesis of 5-substituted
pyrrolidin-2-ones exploiting the chemistry of pyroglutamates, whose synthetic potential is well established.

Objective:

To develop a simple and efficient methodology for the synthesis of 5-sustituted- pyrrolidin-2-ones as
bioactive molecules/intermediate to bioactive molecules.

Methods:

N-Benzyl-5(S)-pyroglutaminol 1, (0.96 g, 5.0 mmol) was taken in THF (15 mL) and diethylazodicarboxylate
(DEAD) (1.21 g, 1.4 eq) and triphenylphosphine (Ph3P) (1.72 g, 1.4 eq), were added to it and
the reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 30 min. After 30 min a solution of the substituted pyrazole/imidazole
derivative (1.2 eq) in THF (10 mL) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred again at RT for 7 hr. The
progress of the reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC). At the completion of the reaction,
the solvents were evaporated under a vacuum to give a liquid which was poured into water (15 mL) and extracted
twice with ethyl acetate (2 x 20 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine solution (15
mL), dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel using 20%
EtOAc-hexane as eluent to give pure compounds 2 a-d, 3 and 4, respectively in satisfactory yields.

Results:

Herein, we wish to describe the synthesis of new 5(S)-substituted pyrrolidin-2- one derivatives through
Mitsunobu reaction of N-benzyl-5(S)- pyroglutaminol with substituted pyrazole and imidazole derivatives.

Conclusion:

An easy and straightforward approach towards the synthesis of enantiomerically pure N-benzyl-
(S)-5-substituted pyrrolidin-2-ones from N-benzyl-5(S)- pyroglutaminol through Mitsunobu reaction has been
developed. These N-benzyl-(S)-5-substituted pyrrolidin-2-ones could be useful for the synthesis of bioactive
natural products requiring pyrazole/imidazole moiety attached at C-5 position of native pyrrolidin-2- one moiety.
The Effect of Pantoprazole on Tumor Growth and Apoptosis in Gastric Cancer Stem-Like Cells
Authors: Akrami Hassan , Fattahi Mohammad Reza , Mehdizadeh Kiumars , Moradi Behrouz , Farahani Diba Borzabadi
Published: August 2022

Background:

Gastric cancer is a daunting global problem with unsatisfactory treatment. Due to the key role of Gastric Cancer Stem-like Cells (GCSCs) in all stages of gastric cancer and the failure of contemporary anticancer therapies, many research efforts are focusing on these treatmentresistant cells. Pantoprazole, as recently considered antitumor agent with well-documented effects on tumorigenesis inhibition, has seldom been investigated in GCSCs in previous studies. We aimed to study the influence of pantoprazole on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the transcription of genes involved in the cell proliferation and apoptosis pathways.

Materials and Methods:

Herein, we isolated GCSCs from MKN-45 cell line, on a non-adherent surface and then evaluated the effect of pantoprazole on cell growth and apoptosis of GCSCs by means of MTT, DNA laddering and quantitative real-time RT-PCR techniques.

Results:

Our findings showed that treated cells with pantoprazole decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. PCNA (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen) and antiapoptotic Bcl2 genes were downregulated and Bax and CASP3 proapoptotic genes, as well as tumor suppressor p53 gene, were overexpressed.

Conclusion:

Our results revealed that pantoprazole induced apoptosis and declined tumor growth and support the idea that pantoprazole played as a promising breakthrough in gastric cancer therapy.
Prediction and Motif Analysis of 2’-O-methylation Using a Hybrid Deep
Learning Model from RNA Primary Sequence and Nanopore Signals
Authors: Pan Shiyang , Zhang Yuxin , Wei Zhen , Meng Jia , Huang Daiyun
Published: August 2022

Background:

2’-O-Methylation (2’-O-Me) is a post-transcriptional RNA modification that
occurs in the ribose sugar moiety of all four nucleotides and is abundant in both coding and non-coding
RNAs. Accurate prediction of each subtype of 2’-O-Me (Am, Cm, Gm, Um) helps understand their role
in RNA metabolism and function.

Objective:

This study aims to build models that can predict each subtype of 2’-O-Me from RNA sequence
and nanopore signals and exploit the model interpretability for sequence motif mining.

Methods:

We first propose a novel deep learning model DeepNm to better capture the sequence features
of each subtype with a multi-scale framework. Based on DeepNm, we continue to propose HybridNm,
which combines sequences and nanopore signals through a dual-path framework. The nanopore signalderived
features are first passed through a convolutional layer and then merged with sequence features
extracted from different scales for final classification.

Results:

A 5-fold cross-validation process on Nm-seq data shows that DeepNm outperforms two stateof-
the-art 2’-O-Me predictors. After incorporating nanopore signal-derived features, HybridNm further
achieved significant improvements. Through model interpretation, we identified not only subtypespecific
motifs but also revealed shared motifs between subtypes. In addition, Cm, Gm, and Um shared
motifs with the well-studied m6A RNA methylation, suggesting a potential interplay among different
RNA modifications and the complex nature of epitranscriptome regulation.

Conclusion:

The proposed frameworks can be useful tools to predict 2’-O-Me subtypes accurately and
reveal specific sequence patterns.
A Review of Structural Features, Biological Functions and Biotransformation
Studies in Adipose Tissues and an Assessment of Progress and Implications
Authors: Yang Mao Sheng , Chu Ting
Published: August 2022

Roles for adipose tissues in energy metabolism, health maintenance and disease onset
have been established. Evidence indicates that white, brown and beige fats are quite different in
terms of their cellular origin and biological characteristics. These differences are significant in targeting
adipocytes to study the pathogenesis and prevention strategies of related diseases. The biotransformations
of white, brown and beige fat cells constitute an intriguing topic worthy of further
study, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the biotransformations of white, brown and beige
fat cells remain to be elucidated. Hence, we herein collected evidence from studies on adipose tissue
or adipocytes, and we extracted the structural features, biologic functions, and biotransformations
of adipose tissue/adipocytes. The present review aimed to summarize the latest research progress
and propose novel research directions with respect to adipose tissue and adipocytes. We posit that
this work will provide new insights and opportunities in the effective treatment strategies for obesity,
diabetes and other lipid-related diseases. It will also contribute to our knowledge of the basic
biologic underpinnings of adipocyte biology.
Exploring Cytokines as Potential Target in Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Systematic
Update
Authors: Doshi Gaurav Mahesh , Ansari Alveera Zubair , Bhatia Nirav Yogesh , Gharat Sankalp Ashok , Godad Angel Pavalu
Published: August 2022

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a widespread condition that affects millions of people
each year, with an incidence rate of 0.1%-1.5%, and has a significant impact on human health.
A range of stimuli, such as Helicobacter pylori, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hyperacidity,
stress, alcohol, smoking, and idiopathic disease states, can produce a sore in the gastrointestinal
mucosal layer. For individuals infected with H. pylori, 2%-3% remain asymptomatic
throughout their life. Although PUD treatments are available, genetic variations occurring in
individuals because of geographical dissimilarity and antibiotic resistance pose limitations. Specifically,
inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have received immense attention in recent
years because they appear to affect the severity and duration of stomach inflammation,
which is induced by H. pylori infection, contributing to the initiation of PUD. In such a context,
in-depth knowledge of interleukins may aid in the discovery of new targets and provide precautionary
approaches for the treatment of PUD. This review aims to give insights into the importance
of several interleukins that cognate with PUD and contribute to ulcer progression or
healing by activating or dampening the host immunity. Furthermore, the available targets with
clinical evidence have been explored in this review.
The COVID 19 Pandemic-the Final Straw for Irish Rheumatology Services?
Authors: Mulkerrin Patrick , Durcan Laura , Chavrimootoo Shawn , Kane David , Killeen Gary
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption to the worldwide provision of acute and chronic care to patients. The effect has been particularly marked in rheumatology in Ireland, where the ability to provide acute and chronic care has been dramatically curtailed due to the combined effects of social distancing, staff redeployment and the repurposing of rheumatology units. Prior to the pandemic, there were significant challenges from an infrastructural and staffing level in Irish rheumatology.

Methods:

Using a questionnaire, the authors evaluated the effect of the first wave of the COVID 19 pandemic on rheumatology services.

Results:

Responses from 87% of Rheumatology specialist services in Ireland indicate that 83% of review appointments were remote, with 87% of new patient assessments in OPD were “in person”. Only 41% of usual outpatient activity could occur within existing infrastructure given guidelines re social distancing which would result a shortfall of 42000 patient appointments. Significant numbers of staff were reassigned from Rheumatology to services elsewhere.

Conclusion:

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant negative impact on access to struggling Irish Rheumatology services. Implementation of agreed recommendations for augmenting services must occur urgently.
Problematic Social Media Use and Academic Performance among University Students: An Evaluation from The Middle East
Authors: Alhusban Ahmed , Mismar Thabet , Al Husban Abdalla , Alzoubi Karem H.
Published: August 2022

Background:

The widespread use of social media applications generated a problematic behavior of excessive and inappropriate use that has been associated with mental health problems. Available data assessed this behavior using different surrogate markers in certain university majors. This study aims to assess the effect of this behavior on academic performance, using a validated tool, across different majors.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study that randomly recruited university students from three Middle Eastern countries. using an online survey. The study included 277 participants with an average age of 21.53±2.1 years. The problematic social media use (PSMU) was evaluated using the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and academic performance was evaluated using the GPA. Data regarding the demographics and the characteristic of social media use were collected.

Results:

PMSU was identified as an independent predictor of academic performance. The low academic performance group was more likely to use social media applications during the night, which negatively affected the ability to wake up the next day and be ready for exams.

Conclusion:

There is a need for a more large-scale systematic evaluation of the extent of PSMU and its effect on academic performance among university students at both the regional and international levels. These analyses will help in building effective interventions to reduce the impact of PSMU on university students.
Online Customer Behavior: An Analysis of the Effects of Cognitive and
Affective Trust
Authors: Foroutan Reza Alizadeh , Sarokolaei Mahmoud Gholami , Rezaeian Javad
Published: August 2022

Background:

Although many scholars have argued that the key factor for success in the
e-commerce is the deployment of a trusted and reliable process for the buyer, the meaning of customer
trust in e-commerce and the factors affecting it are not still well-known and to be investigated.
Understanding how customers build their trust and developing a trust model is beneficial to increase
the ability to do so.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the factors such as cognitive and affective
trust can affect customer behavior in online shopping or not.

Method:

Questionnaire was used to collect data and to check their normality, and the Kolmogorov–
Smirnov test was applied. Cronbach’s alpha was employed to test the reliability, and the Structural
Equation Model (SEM) was utilized to confirm or reject the hypotheses. Inferential statistical
analysis was performed using SmartPLS software.

Results:

While perceived website quality can affect cognitive trust, variables like security and privacies
policy, and shared value of a website can influence affective trust. In addition, there are variables
like prior-interaction experience, and perceived reputation of an e-tail which can impact on
both cognitive and affective trust. On the other hand, it was shown that both cognitive and affective
trust can influence customer satisfaction; a variable which along with internet usage experience,
and online shopping experience affect loyalty intention.

Conclusion:

The empirical results show that cognitive and affective trust are prominent variables
in online retailing. They mediate between PWQ, SPP, PIE, PETR, and SV on the one hand and CS
on the other hand. In addition, CS influences LI. The same is true for OSE and IE.
Viral Infectivity Inhibition and Viral Biological Elements Destruction using Safe and Low Power Electrons Generated by Life Restoration Device
(LRD): An In Vitro Study
Authors: Madboly Waleed Ezzat , Abu-Dief Ahmed M.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Recently, different side effects have been observed after using antiviral
drugs before activation of the immune system. Therefore, it is very important to use effective and
non-invasive therapy with fewer side effects for infected virus treatment.

Methods:

In this study, we designated a new device termed a Life Restoration Device (LRD). The
main function of LRD is to generate electric frequencies with lower and safer potential. These frequencies
can effectively destroy the biological elements in the viruses, such as nucleic acid materials
and viral cell membranes, but not the cellular plasma membrane of the infected eukaryotic cells.

Results:

A designated glass tube was prepared for this purpose. The infected cell culture was located
in the cell culture media, and propagated viruses were poured into the glass tube. Additionally,
two nickel-coated copper rods were inserted into both ends of the tube inside the cell culture media.
Afterward, the two nickel-coated copper rods were connected to the LRD. Using LRD, lower potential
electric frequencies were generated and applied for 30 min and 60 min time points. The treatment
of the cell culture containing MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 with LRD for 30 min significantly
reduced the viral infectivity by 83% and 22%, respectively. After 60 min of treatment with LRD,
the infectivity of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 viruses was reduced by 21% and 1%, respectively.
Furthermore, HIV and HBV-infected blood showed a 95.5% and 100% viral inhibition rate after 2 h
exposure to LRD. Additionally, based on the results of the electron microscopy of treated H5N1 virus
and western blot analysis data of different types of viruses, the nucleic acid components of
the treated viruses were reduced compared to the non-treated viruses. The low-power electric frequencies
produced by LRD can reduce the fluidi ty and osmosis of the viral envelope but not
the plasma membrane of the infected cells.

Conclusion:

Treatment of different types of pathogenic viruses with electric stimulation produced
by LRD is a new alternative to safe therapy but needs further investigations. The results of
this study are important to develop an effective, safe, and alternative viral therapy.
An Updated Review on Traditional and Modern Aspects of Vitex negundo
Authors: Husain Syed Akhtar , Perveen Summaya , Khan Mohammad Aasif , Parveen Rabea , Insaf Areeba , Parveen Bushra , Ahmad Sayeed
Published: August 2022

Vitex negundo is a traditional herb known for its medicinal properties in Unani, Ayurveda,
Siddha, Chinese, Roman, and other traditional systems of medicine. Traditionally, it is used as
anthelminthic, antitoxin, aphrodisiac, contraceptive, antimalarial, analgesic, antiinflamatory, antiasthmatic,
vermifuge, etc. All parts of V. negundo contain a number of phytoconstituents like alkaloids,
fatty acids, flavonoids, glycosidic irridoids, lignans, phenols, steroids, tannins and di- and sesquiterpenes.
Due to the presence of a variety of secondary metabolites, V. negundo is used in different
types of diseases or disorders by traditional practitioners for the treatment of spermatorrhoea,
stomachache, asthma, cold, diarrhoea, indigestion, gallstone, hernia, eye disorders, rheumatism, irritable
bladder and dysmenorrhea, headache, migraine, kwashiorkor, neck gland sores, tubercular
neck swelling, reddened, arthritis, jaundice, urticaria, eczema and liver disorders. It is most widely
used for curing disorders of the reproductive system like vital power, depression, frail erection
without libido, self-contempt for sexual abuse, stool containing prostatic fluid, and testicle pain.
Facts were gathered from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer, Scopus, and ScienceDirect,
as well as literature found in books on medicinal plants. It has recently been reported to
have cytotoxic properties against various types of cancer cells. It works by inducing apoptosis via
the mitochondrial and TRIAL pathways and stopping the cell cycle. This review sheds light upon
the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, different extraction procedures, and pharmacology of V.
negundo. In conclusion, it was found that this traditional herb had an emerging past, exciting present
and promising future for the treatment of several diseases.
Study on Intelligent Analysis and Processing Technology of Computer Big
Data Based on Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Kumar ER Rakesh , Liu Xiaoming , Rokunojjaman Md , Nazila Ragimova , Vugar Abdullayev
Published: August 2022

Aim:

Clustering belongs to unsupervised learning, which divides the data objects into the
data set into multiple clusters or classes, so that the objects in the same cluster have high similarity

Background:

The clustering of spatial data objects can be solved by optimization based on the clustering objective function.

Objective:

Study on intelligent analysis and processing technology of computer big data based on
clustering algorithm.

Methods:

First, a new dynamic self-organizing feature mapping model is proposed, and the training
algorithm of the model is given. Then, the spectral clustering technology and related concepts are
introduced. The spectral clustering algorithm is studied and analyzed, and a spectral clustering algorithm that automatically determines the number of clusters is proposed. Furthermore, an algorithm
for constructing a discrete Morse function to find the optimal solution is proposed, proving that the
constructed function is the optimal discrete Morse function. At the same time, two optimization
models based on the discrete Morse theory are constructed. Finally, the optimization model based
on discrete Morse theory is applied to cluster analysis, and a density clustering algorithm based on
the discrete Morse optimization model is proposed.

Results:

This study is focused on designing and implementing a partitional-based clustering algorithm based on big data, that is suitable for clustering huge datasets to meet low computational requirements. The experiments are conducted in terms of time and space complexity and it is observed that the measure of clustering quality and the run time is capable of running in very less time
without negotiating the quality of clustering. The results show that the experiments are carried out
on the artificial data set and the UCI data set.

Conclusion:

The efficiency and superiority of the new model, are verified by comparing it with the
clustering results of the DBSCAN algorithm.
Feigning Capgras Syndrome and Developmental Prosopagnosia:
A Rare Case of Pediatric Factitious Disorder
Authors: Colizzi Marco , Antolini Giulia , Puttini Elena , Bortoletto Riccardo , Begnini Carolina , Zoccante Leonardo
Published: August 2022

Background:

Factitious Disorder is a condition included among psychiatric disorders,
where symptoms are intentionally produced to seek medical attention. Its epidemiology,
treatment, and outcome are largely unknown.

Objective:

To increase knowledge of the condition, we discuss a pediatric case where the patient
feigned neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Methods:

A 15-year-old female adolescent presented with neuropsychiatric symptoms suggestive
of rare conditions such as Delusional Misidentification Syndrome (i.e., Capgras and
Fregoli syndromes) and Developmental Prosopagnosia as well as epileptic seizures.

Results:

When Delusional Misidentification Syndrome was suspected, she was treated with
Risperidone. Due to suboptimal response, Alprazolam and Sertraline were added and then
Risperidone was cross-titrated to Haloperidol. The condition severity led to her admission to an
inpatient Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit. MRI scan and electroencephalographic
recording were normal. The self- and parent-reported psychological assessment indicated several
psychiatric symptoms. Instead, the clinician-administered Minnesota Multiphasic Personality
Inventory-Adolescent and Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology suggested
a fake-bad profile and neuropsychiatric symptom simulation. Along with evidence of incongruent
symptoms between the patient’s interviews, such investigations led to the diagnosis of
Factitious Disorder. Psychopharmacological treatment was discontinued, and psychological
support was offered to the patient and her parents.

Conclusion:

Increasing knowledge about Factitious Disorder is needed.
Probiotic influences on motor skills
Authors: Lalonde Robert , Strazielle Catherine
Published: August 2022

Probiotics are bacteria whose favorable physiological properties have mostly been demonstrated in regard to anxiety and stress. More recent experiments indicate potential use of single- and multi-strain probiotics on motor-related diseases. Initial studies in patients with Parkinson’s disease and Prader-Willi syndrome are concordant with this hypothesis. In experiments with rodents, probiotics improved motor coordination in normal animals and models of Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injury as well as grip strength in hepatic encephalopathy. Further studies should delineate the bacterial profile of each condition and their experimental models.
Mechanism-Based Inhibition of CYP3A Subfamilies by Macrolide
Antibiotics and Piperine
Authors: Niwa Toshiro , Ishii Risa
Published: August 2022

Objective:

The mechanism-based inhibition of macrolide antibiotics, such as erythromycin and
clarithromycin, and piperine on testosterone 6β-hydroxylation activities by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4,
polymorphically expressed CYP3A5, and fetal CYP3A7 were compared.

Methods:

6β-Hydroxy
testosterone was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results:

Although
preincubation with erythromycin and clarithromycin decreased CYP3A4-meditaed testosterone 6β-
hydroxylation in a time-dependent manner, and the estimated maximum inactivation rate constant (k inact )
and the inactivation rate constant reaching half of k inact (K i ) for erythromycin were approximately 1/2 and 1/5, respectively, of those for clarithromycin. Obvious preincubation time-dependent inhibition of
erythromycin against CYP3A5 and CYP3A7 was not observed. Piperine exhibited preincubation time-
dependent inhibition, and the calculated K i and k inact values for CYP3A4 were approximately 1/7 and 1/2,
respectively, of those for CYP3A5.

Conclusion:

It is speculated that the preincubation-dependent
inhibition by piperine would be more potent in CYP3A5 non-expressors than CYP3A5-expressors.
An analytical approximation for convertible bonds
Authors: Goard Joanna
Published: August 2022

This paper looks at adapting the method of Medvedev and Scaillet for pricing short-term American options to evaluate short-term convertible bonds. However unlike their method, we provide explicit formulae for the coefficients of our series solution. This means that we do not need to solve complicated recursive systems, and can efficiently provide fast solutions. We also compare the method with numerical solutions, and find that it performs extremely well, giving accurate bond prices as well as accurate optimal conversion prices.
doi:10.1017/S1446181122000062
Fully 3D fluid outflow from a spherical source
Authors: Forbes Lawrence , Walters Stephen
Published: August 2022

We consider fully three-dimensional time-dependent outflow from a source into a surrounding fluid of different density. The source is distributed over a sphere of finite radius. The nonlinear problem is formulated using a spectral approach in which two streamfunctions and the density are represented as a Fourier-type series with time-dependent coefficients that must be calculated. Linearized theories are also discussed and an approximate stability condition for early stages in the outflow is derived. Nonlinear solutions are presented and different outflow shapes adopted by the fluid interface are investigated.
doi: 10.1017/S1446181122000098
Test (Preprint)
Authors: Account Developer
Published: August 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

teeeest
This is the test (Preprint)
Authors: Cano Jorge
Published: August 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is test
Identification of Key Factors for Optimized Health Care Services: Protocol for a Multiphase Study of the Dubai Vaccination Campaign (Preprint)
Authors: Faroun Hayette , Zary Nabil , Baqer Khalifa , Alkhaja Farida , Gad Kareem , Alameddine Mohamad , Al Suwaidi Hanan
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Mass vaccination of the global population against the novel COVID-19 outbreak posed multiple challenges, including effectively administering millions of doses in a short period of time while ensuring public safety and accessibility. The government of Dubai launched a mass campaign in December 2020 to vaccinate all its citizens and residents, targeting the population aged >18 years against COVID-19. The vaccination campaign involved a transformation of multiple commercial spaces into mass vaccination centers across the city of Dubai, the largest of which was the Dubai One Central (DOC) vaccination center. It was operational between January 17, 2021, and 27 January 27, 2022.

OBJECTIVE

The multiphase research study aims to empirically explore the opinions of multiple health care stakeholders, elicit the key success factors that can influence the effective delivery of emergency health care services such as a COVID-19 mass vaccination center, and explore how these factors relate to one another.

METHODS

To understand more about the operations of the DOC vaccination center, the study follows a multiphase design divided into 2 phases. The study is being conducted by the Institute for Excellence in Health Professions Education at Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences between December 2021 and January 2023. To elicit the key success factors that contributed to the vaccination campaign administered at DOC, the research team conducted 30 semistructured interviews (SSIs) with a sample of staff and volunteers who worked at the DOC vaccination center. Stratified random sampling was used to select the participants, and the interview cohort included representatives from the management team, team leaders, the administration and registration team, vaccinators, and volunteers. A total of 103 people were invited to take part in the research study, and 30 agreed to participate in the SSIs. To validate the participation of various stakeholders, phase 2 will analytically investigate one’s subjectivity through Q-methodology and empirically investigate the opinions obtained from the research participants during phase 1.

RESULTS

As of July 2022, 30 SSIs were conducted with the research participants.

CONCLUSIONS

The study will provide a comprehensive 2-phase approach to obtaining the key success factors that can influence the delivery of high-quality health care services such as emergency services launched during a global pandemic. The study’s findings will be translated into key factors that could support designing future health care services utilizing evidence-based practice. In line with future plans, a study will use data, collected through the DOC vaccination center, to develop a simulation model outlining the process of the customer journey and center workflow.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/42278
Dermatological Disorder Classification
Authors: Kulkarni Atharva , Mahajan Chirag , Hasabnis Tejas
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Contrary to inspection with the untrained eye, Dermatoscopy is a frequently used diagnostic procedure that enhances the identification of benign and malignant pigmented skin diseases. To train artificial neural networks to automatically identify pigmented skin lesions, dermatoscopic images are also a good source. An artificial neural network was previously trained to successfully distinguish melanocytic nevi from melanomas, the deadliest kind of skin cancer. This was done using dermatoscopic pictures. Although the results were encouraging, the study suffered from a limited sample size and a lack of dermatoscopic pictures besides melanoma or nevi, like most prior investigations. Recent improvements in graphics card power and machine learning methods have boosted hopes for the availability of automated diagnostic systems that can quickly identify all types of pigmented skin lesions without the assistance of a human specialist. A lot of annotated pictures are needed for the training of neural network-based diagnosis algorithms, however the quantity of high-quality dermatoscopic images with accurate diagnoses is small or restricted to a small number of disease classes.
Positive thinking training for improving self-acceptance of children in correctional facility
Authors: Bilicha Putri Nabila , Nashori Fuad , Sulistyarini Indahria
Published: August 2022

Conflicting with the law will make them feel a lot of pressure and psychological changes like shame, regret, and unable to accept themselves. If they have positive thinking, they will easily accept their condition. This study aimed to observe the effect of positive thinking training in improving the self-acceptance of juveniles who were undergoing a period of correctional program. The subjects of this study included 24 juveniles at Class I Juvenile Correctional Facility Kutoarjo, all male aged 14-17 years with a minimum educational level of primary school, a minimum of 1-month correctional program, and first-time criminal sentence. Self-acceptance was measured using the RISA self-acceptance scale (2014). The research method used was an experimental method with the pretest posttest with control group design. The results of this study indicated that self-acceptance score of the subjects in the experimental group has increased after they received positive thinking training. It can be seen from the increase of the mean score from 33.58 with SD = 3,919 in the pre-test to 41.42 with SD = 6,259 in the post-test. It’s means that positive thinking training can effectively increase self-acceptance of children in LPKA Class I Kutoarjo.
Adaptation of the Indonesian quality of life-5 questionnaire
Authors: Mukhabibah Widwi , Susanto Hery
Published: August 2022

The QoL5 questionnaire is five items self-report to measure the quality of life, based on the integrated quality of life (IQOL) theory by S. Ventegodt. The validation test aims to determine the psychometric properties of the questionnaire. The translation and adaptation stages are carried out based on the International Test Committee (ITC) manual. The sample consisted of 217 people obtained a convenience sampling. Data analysis showed that the questionnaire was reliable (α=.78). Item discrimination ranges from .41-.74 (very good item). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) shows that the unidimensional model QoL5 has a good fit to the data (RMSEA=.07, CFI=.99, and SRMR=.05). The factor loading significance test shows a value of .5 or above means all items are valid. Tests of content validity (CVI=.87), convergent validity (AVE=.55), and criterion validity (r=.399-.581) showed that all items were valid. The results of the analysis indicate that the QoL5 questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the quality of life.
Efecto de una intervención educativa virtual para promover el inicio temprano de la lactancia materna en embarazadas de Lima, Perú
Authors: Ortiz Romaní Katherine Jenny , Vásquez Carbajal Angella Maricielo , Escobedo Encarnación Josselyne Rocío , Ortiz Montalvo Yonathan Josué
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: El presente trabajo de investigación consistió en evaluar el efecto de una intervención educativa virtual para promover el inicio temprano de la lactancia materna (ITLM) en gestantes usuarias del centro de salud Los Libertadores, ubicado en la ciudad de Lima (Perú), en el año 2021. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico, longitudinal y prospectivo de método intervención educativa virtual a gestantes de un establecimiento de salud de Lima en el período de 26 de enero a 9 de febrero de 2021. La muestra estuvo conformada por 40 gestantes residentes en Lima. Para la recolección de datos se empleó un cuestionario conformado por 12 preguntas, este fue previamente validado por cinco jueces expertos y con buena confiabilidad: el Alfa de Cronbach resultó 0.90. Asimismo, el rotafolio tuvo un Alfa de Cronbach de 0.831. Resultados: Hubo un aumento en los conocimientos tras la intervención educativa (p<0.05). Y el 83.33 % de las gestantes que pertenecieron al grupo experimental realizaron el inicio temprano de lactancia materna después de la intervención (p<0.001). Conclusión: La intervención educativa virtual tuvo un impacto positivo en el aumento de conocimientos de las embarazadas sobre el inicio temprano de la lactancia materna en el grupo experimental, y cuando fueron madres realizaron el ITLM. Por ende, se recomienda que se debe promover esta temática desde la atención prenatal.
Bullous Type Lichen Planus: A Rare Case Report
Authors: ENİNANÇ İlknur , ŞAHİN Büşra , GÖZE Fahretttin
Published: August 2022

Objective: Oral bullous lichen planus (BLP) is an uncommon form of lichen planus that affects just 1% of the oral mucosa. It is seen in oral mucous, palate, buccal mucous, and occasionally in the tongue. The purpose of this case report is the importance of including lichen planus in the differential diagnosis of leukoplakia-like lesions.Case: The presentation included lateral parts of the tongue, sublingual, and hyperkeratotic areas on the cheek, as well as asymptomatic bullous lichen planus phenomena, clinical and histological characteristics that have been present for 5 years. Systemic corticosteroid was given to the patient who had no skin symptoms. Conclusion: Burning sensation, the BLP's common clinical symptom, which is infrequently observed in the oral mucosa, may not be visible in all patients. In addition, BLP can be confused with leukoplakia when observed in plaque form. Histopathological examination is mandatory for definitive diagnosis in terms of malignant potential
Convergence Rate of SMI Filter in Pulse Interference Environment
Authors: Wang Jie , Ou Gang , Liu Wenxiang , Yin Haibo
Published: August 2022

This paper analyzes the convergence rate of sample matrix inversion
(SMI) filter used by array receivers in pulse interference environment.
Firstly, the convergence characteristics of SMI filter under pulse
interference are deduced, and the relationship between the convergence
speed and length of training samples and duty of interference is given.
Then, the results of signal simulation are consistent with those of
numerical analysis, which verifies the correctness of theoretical
analysis. The results show that the convergence speed of SMI filter
decreases under pulse interference, and the SMI filter needs more
training samples to suppress the pulse interference effectively.
Case report: A brief description of unseen facts in the comorbid COVID-19 patients
Authors: Abdullah Mr. , Salman Muhammad , Ullah Atta , Ali Sher , Muhammad Riaz , Aman Komal , Khan Muddasir , Oliveira Carlos Augusto Fernandes de
Published: August 2022

Data on two deceased individuals with COVID-19 and comorbidities such as
hepatitis C, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus type 2 and
hypertension are discussed. Changes in laboratory signatures with impact
on COVID-19 severity in both cases indicate the need for extensive
monitoring of comorbid individuals to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Association of Serum Anion Gap and Risk of Long-term Mortality in Patients Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Propensity Score Matching Study
Authors: Ma Xiaochun , Zhao Diming , Li Yi , Huang JunJie , Zheng Zheng , Zhang Xiangxi , Liu Yilin , Ma Huibo , Ji Feng , Yun Yan , Ji Congshan , Xu Zhenqiang , Yang Xiaomei , Shen Hechen , Chen Shanghao , Zhang Shijie , Zhang Haizhou , Zou Chengwei
Published: August 2022

Background: The present study aimed to explore the relationship
between serum anion gap (AG) and long-term mortality in patients
undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods:
Clinical variables were extracted among patients undergoing CABG from
Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC III) database.
The primary outcome was four-year mortality following CABG. An optimal
cut-off value of AG was determined by receiver operating characteristic
(ROC) curve. The Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis and multivariate Cox hazard
analysis were performed to investigate the prognostic value of AG in
long-term mortality after CABG. In order to eliminate the bias between
different groups, propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to
validate the findings. Results: The optimal cut-off value of AG
was 17.00 mmol/L. Then a total of 3,162 eligible patients enrolled in
this study were divided into a high AG group (≥17.00, n=1,022) and a low
AG group (<17.00, n=2,140). A lower survival rate was
identified in the high AG group based on K-M curve (p<0.001).
Compared with patients in the low AG group, patients in the high AG
group had an increased risk of long-term mortality [One-year: HR
2.309, 95% CI (1.672-3.187), P<0.001; two-year: HR 1.813,
95% CI (1.401-2.346), P<0.001; three-year: HR 1.667, 95% CI
(1.341-2.097), P<0.001; four-year: HR 1.710, 95% CI
(1.401-2.087), P<0.001] according to multivariate Cox hazard
analysis. And further validation of above results were consistent in the
matched cohort after PSM. Conclusions: The AG is an independent
predictive factor for long-term all-cause mortality in patients
following CABG, where a high AG value is associated with an increased
mortality.
How to Suitablely Manage the Mucormycosis---Recommended Dose of Liposomal Amphotericin B and Other Management of Risk Factors?
Authors: Zuo Meiling , Sun Yuxuan , Zhu Liqin
Published: August 2022

Mucormycosis was an acute and invasive fungal infection with a high
mortality rate. The treatment of mucormycosis was challenging. And the
incidence of the mucormycosis seems to be increasing. The key to
Mucormycosis therapy not only depend on anti-Mucor infection, but also
included the management of some risk factors. Liposomal amphotericin B
(L-AMB) was the first line drug to treat mucormycosis. The dosage
regimen recommended by the guideline was often associated with higher
nephrotoxicity and morbidity. A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PKPD)
model was conducted to evaluate suitable dosage regimens in Mucormycosis
patients. 10mg/kg/day LAMB recommended in the guidelines might not be
needed. 5mg/kg/day LAMB might be sufficient to achieve the target value
of PKPD and indicated a good anti-Mucor effect. Successful management of
mucormycosis was also based on suitable management of several risk
factors which played a very important role in the progression of
mucormycosis, such as iron factor, diabetes mellitus with acidosis and
thrombosis. Application of deferasirox, statins and keep platelet level
might be promising approaches in mucormycosis therapy.
Designing Economic Evaluations Alongside Clinical Trials in Maternal Healthcare: A Pragmatic Guide
Authors: Callander Emily , Mistry Hema , Bick Debra
Published: August 2022

Economic evaluations are increasing being conducted in the maternity
setting, with many randomised controlled trials conducted with a health
economic component. A key criticism of economic evaluation in maternity
care is a lack of robust data collection and measurement,
inconsistencies in methodology and lack of adherence to reporting
guidelines. This article provides a guide to the design of economic
evaluations alongside clinical trials in maternal health. We cover
economic concepts and considerations for the maternity setting and
provide examples from the United Kingdom and Australia. We seek to
improve the quality, consistency, and transparency of economic
evaluations in maternal health.
ACUTE DYSPHAGIA: AN UNUSUAL CAUSE
Authors: Tobon Angelica , Avila Fredy
Published: August 2022

Anterior cervical spine surgery with placement of osteosynthesis
material is common in cervical trauma. The following is the case of a
52-year-old with progressive dysphagia and endoscopic examination
incidentally evidenced a plate anterior metal in the posterior aspect of
the hypopharynx.
Body mass index and massive hemorrhage after cesarean section in patients with placenta previa
Authors: Na Changrock , Kim Hyun Jung
Published: August 2022

This study was undertaken to assess the potential of body mass index (BMI) as a risk factor for massive hemorrhage (MH) after cesarean section (CS) in patients with placenta previa. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent CS for placenta previa between January 2010 and December 2018. MH was defined as an estimated blood loss ≥2,000 mL during surgery. Clinical characteristics, including BMI, were compared between the groups with and without MH. Subsequently, multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the independent risk factors for MH. A total of 189 patients were included in this study. MH was observed in 28 patients (14.8%). According to the multivariable logistic regression analysis results, the risk factors independently associated with MH were BMI at delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.35; P=0.012), placenta accreta (aOR, 24.55; 95% CI, 2.75-219.02; P=0.004), and total previa degree (aOR, 9.86; 95% CI, 2.71-35.96; P=0.001). The study findings showed that maternal obesity, namely a higher BMI at delivery, was an independent risk factor for MH after CS in patients with placenta previa. Close attention should be paid to the potential risk of hemorrhage associated with maternal obesity as well as the well-known risk factors of placenta accreta and total previa degree.