bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Menopause and sleep disturbances
Authors: Stenyaeva N. N. , Khritinin D. F. , Stenyaev E. Yu.
Published: October 2023

The menopause in a woman’s life is one of the most significant events indicating the large-scale changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis function. Gonadal steroid hormones are actively involved in the central nervous system (CNS) growth, differentiation, physiology and ageing processes. Sleep provides restoration of the central nervous system, and also contributes to memory consolidation. Sleep influences the two primary effector systems, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), which in turn regulate adaptive and innate immune responses. During sleep, blood levels of cortisol, adrenaline and norepinephrine drop, whereas the levels of neurotransmitters such as growth hormone, prolactin and melatonin show a steep increase. We get more and more facts showing the role of sleep in the processes of immunogenesis and metabolism, in particular fat metabolism. A systematic modern literature analysis on the prevalence and structure of sleep disturbances in women during pre-, peri- and postmenopause was carried out. The results of individual studies revealing the relationship between sleep disturbances and hormone levels including levels of sex steroids are presented. A review of current scientific evidence shows conclusively that the neuroendocrine system significantly determines the sleep quality. Sleep disturbances associated with RLS, COAC are highly prevalent, especially among postmenopausal women, due to declining ovarian function and deficiency of sex steroids. The results of conducted studies support the continued study and analysis of the relationships between gender, neuroendocrine factors, sleep disorders and the search for effective methods for their treatment. SonNorm Duo containing melatonin, peppermint leaf oil, and motherwort herb extract is one of the drugs used to manage sleep disturbances. SonNorm Duo is an adaptogenic sedative drug that is indicated for sleep disturbances, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders associated with rapid travel across multiple time zones.
Analysis of fatigue fracture incident of centrifugal compressor blades in a small turbojet engine
Authors: Qian Songlin , Guo Wei , Chen Min , Lu Kunlin , Zhang Lei , Wu Yongxin , Wang Fei
Published: October 2023

In this study, performance verification tests were conducted on a small turbojet engine, during which a failure occurred at the root of the centrifugal compressor blades, which are made of aluminum alloy. A detailed disassembly and inspection was carried out to reveal the reason of the failure. It was found that the failure of one blade at the root led to jamming of other blades. Then the jammed blades experience sever rubbing and contact with the intake duct. Experimental measurements of material properties and a retrospective examination of the manufacturing process revealed that the yield strength of the material was lower than the design value, and the fillet radius at the blade root was smaller than specifications. The root cause of the fatigue failure of the compressor blades in this incident was attributed to substandard machining quality and material properties, which leads to crack initiation and fatigue propagation until failure occurred. The experience of identifying the root cause would provide engineering guidance for other small turbojet engines.
Naturaleza jurídico-económica del acto libre: Inferencias laicas de la doctrina de Tomás de Aquino sobre el libre albedrío
Authors: Molteni Agostino , Solís-Nova David , Báez-Alarcón Andrea
Published: October 2023

El pensamiento cristiano, para el cual la gracia perfecciona la naturaleza y no la destruye, no impide la fundamentación laica-racional, es decir, sin presupuestos teológicos de la libertad. En este sentido, queremos retomar la lección de Tomás de Aquino sobre el acto libre que puede constituir un aporte para este propósito. En el presente trabajo se expondrán las inferencias laicas que se pueden extraer de la génesis y desarrollo de la naturaleza jurídica y económica del acto libre, así como las presenta Tomás. El desarrollo del estudio no repite, sino que prolonga la filosofía de Tomás y, aunque no usa el lenguaje habitual de los estudios tomistas, se mantiene fiel a su lógica y pensamiento.
Microabrasão superficial do esmalte em dentes acometidos por manchamentos: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Eduardo Trota Chaves  , Laura Lourenço Morel  , Antônio Marcos Gonçalves Duarte  , Rafael Guerra Lund  , Giovane Hisse Gomes  , Josué Martos
Published: October 2023

Manchamentos intrínsecos estão comumente relacionados a defeitos de desenvolvimento dentário e algumas condições sistêmicas, como traumatismo dental, amelogênese imperfeita, dentinogênese imperfeita, ingestão sistêmica de tetraciclina durante a formação dentária, além de fluorose. Objetivo: Apresentar um caso clínico de manchamento intrínseco nos incisivos e caninos superiores tratados com associação de duas técnicas/materiais de microabrasão superficial de esmalte. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino apresentava os dentes anterossuperiores com manchas extensas, sobretudo no terço incisal, de colorações amareladas e acastanhadas, localizadas em faixas horizontais bem definidas, causando desconforto estético. Após anamnese e exames clínicos, o planejamento recaiu em uma abordagem mais conservadora por meio da técnica de microabrasão do esmalte superficial dos dentes acometidos pelo manchamento. Para tal, utilizaram-se dois produtos à base de ácido clorídrico associado a micropartículas de carbeto de silício (Whiteness RM – FGM; Opalustre – Ultradent). A aplicação do produto Whiteness RM sobre a superfície pigmentada foi realizada com espátula ou taça de borracha, sob isolamento absoluto, efetuando-se leve fricção. Na segunda sessão aplicou-se o produto Opalustre, seguindo as instruções do fabricante. Ao fim de cada sessão fizeram-se polimento e aplicação tópica de dessensibilizante. Decorridos 7 e 30 dias da aplicação, foi observada uma melhora acentuada no padrão estético obtido. Discussão: O processo de microabrasão superficial no esmalte acometido pelos manchamentos foi suficiente para melhoria estética do caso. A utilização de técnicas conservadoras, como a microabrasão, deve ser considerada como de primeira escolha em detrimento de facetas restauradoras. Conclusão: Técnicas de micro e macroabrasão, observando aspectos como extensão e profundidade das manchas, devem ser consideradas para casos de pigmentações intrínsecas.
Risk Stratification in People with Diabetes for Fasting During Ramadan:
Consensus from Arabic Association for the Study of Diabetes and
Metabolism
Authors: Shaltout Inass , Abdelwahab Amr Mahmoud , El Meligi Amr , Hammad Hany , Abdelghaffar Shereen , Elbahry Atef , Taha Nasser , Elsaid Nehal Hamdy , Gad Amr , Hammouda Laila , Abdelmaboud Shaymaa , Soliman Amin Roshdy
Published: October 2023

Background:

Current international guidelines recommend a pre-Ramadan risk assessment for people with diabetes (PwDM) who plan on fasting during the Holy month. However, a comprehensive risk assessment-based recommendation for the management of PwDM intending to fast is still controversial. Therefore, the Arabic Association for the Study of Diabetes
and Metabolism (AASD) developed this consensus to provide further insights into risk stratification in PwDM intending to fast during Ramadan.

Methods:

The present consensus was based on the three-step modified Delphi method. The
modified Delphi method is based on a series of voting rounds and in-between meetings of the
expert panel to reach agreements on the statements that did not reach the consensus level during
voting. The panel group comprised professors and consultants in endocrinology (both adult and
pediatric). Other members included experts in the fields of cardiovascular medicine, nephrology,
ophthalmology, and vascular surgery, affiliated with academic institutions in Egypt.

Result:

In PwDM who intend to fast during Ramadan, risk stratification is crucial to optimize
patient outcomes and prevent serious complications. The present consensus provides risk assessment of those living with diabetes according to several factors, including the type of diabetes, presence, and severity of complications, number of fasting hours, and other socioeconomic
factors. According to their risk factors, patients were classified into four categories (very high,
high, moderate, and low risk).

Conclusion:

Future research is warranted due to the controversial literature regarding the impact
of fasting on certain comorbidities.
The Functional Role of microRNAs and mRNAs in Diabetic Kidney
Disease: A Review
Authors: Rai Bhuvnesh , Srivastava Jyotika , Saxena Pragati
Published: October 2023

Diabetes is a group of diseases marked by poor control of blood glucose levels. Diabetes
mellitus (DM) occurs when pancreatic cells fail to make insulin, which is required to keep
blood glucose levels stable, disorders, and so on. High glucose levels in the blood induce diabetic
effects, which can cause catastrophic damage to bodily organs such as the eyes and lower extremities.
Diabetes is classified into many forms, one of which is controlled by hyperglycemia or
Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD), and another that is not controlled by hyperglycemia (nondiabetic
kidney disease or NDKD) and is caused by other factors such as hypertension, hereditary.
DKD is associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN), a leading cause of chronic kidney disease
(CKD) and end-stage renal failure. The disease is characterized by glomerular basement
membrane thickening, glomerular sclerosis, and mesangial expansion, resulting in a progressive
decrease in glomerular filtration rate, glomerular hypertension, and renal failure or nephrotic
syndrome. It is also represented by some microvascular complications such as nerve ischemia
produced by intracellular metabolic changes, microvascular illness, and the direct impact of excessive
blood glucose on neuronal activity. Therefore, DKD-induced nephrotic failure is worse
than NDKD.

:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important in the development and progression of several diseases, including
diabetic kidney disease (DKD). These dysregulated miRNAs can impact various cellular
processes, including inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, all of which are implicated
during DKD. MiRNAs can alter the course of DKD by targeting several essential mechanisms.
Understanding the miRNAs implicated in DKD and their involvement in disease development
might lead to identifying possible therapeutic targets for DKD prevention and therapy.
Therefore, this review focuses specifically on DKD-associated DN, as well as how in-silico approaches
may aid in improving the management of the disease.
Field Prevention System from Wild Animals
Authors: Patel Mayank , Khan Latif , Srivastava Saurabh , Jain Harshita
Published: October 2023

Preventing wild animal attacks in fields is a highly challenging task for
farmers and field holders, especially during nighttime. Continuous monitoring is
difficult to maintain consistently. Therefore, we have designed an Intrusion Detection
System based on the Internet of Things (IoT). Our system utilizes the ESP8266 as its
central component, allowing for the implementation of an automated solution to repel
animals from fields without human intervention. Various devices, such as hooters,
flashlights with day-night vision cameras, and AI algorithms, are incorporated to detect
and differentiate animals from humans. Additionally, mobile applications provide a
convenient means to remotely monitor the system's actions from home.
Intelligent Crop Planning and Precision Farming
Authors: Agrawal Vani
Published: October 2023

Countries are more concerned about agricultural needs as it is considered to
be the essential source of one's life. In our country, agriculture and farming play a vital
role in the economy and provide 45% of overall support for economic development. In
earlier research, the development of various agricultural support devices was
introduced but all were stuck up to a certain level. Remote surveillance, SMS-based
agricultural watering systems, and management are a few implementations in the area.
But all these implementations are facing some technical challenges due to their
complexity and it is hard to maintain the accuracy of these systems. Today’s
agricultural demands can be supported by Precision agriculture and Intelligent Crop
Farming. This chapter focuses on different aspects of Precision Agriculture and Smart
Farming.
Designing a collaborative and virtual exchange-embedded virtual summer school
Authors: Ganassin Sara , Satar Müge , Pham Thinh Ngoc , Regan Ashleigh
Published: October 2023

This practice report describes the design and implementation of a collaborative and virtual exchange-embedded virtual summer school for postgraduate students in the context of European Higher Education. The two-week virtual summer school on multilingualism and intercultural learning brought together 40 students who collaborated to produce ten video-case studies based on their experiences as educators in a number of contexts. We share our experiences as organisers and participants and offer insights from the process of planning for, engaging with and evaluating the summer school. Our paper draws on quantitative and qualitative data, i.e., a pre and post summer school survey, a qualitative evaluation questionnaire and a student-participant account to evidence how the experience benefitted participants. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the model presented here: participants’ understanding of key concepts of interculturality and multilingualism increased, there was a statistically significant difference in perceived development of digital competences and presentation skills, and more than 90% of the participants were very satisfied with their training and international collaboration opportunities. In conclusion, we propose a set of learning points that may support others to design and deliver a collaborative model of summer school and the use of ‘skills passports’ in alternative to accreditation.
FDM 3D printing application for making plate pattern on sand casting
Authors: Royan Muhammad , Soemowidagdo Arianto Leman , Sasongko Beni Tri , Pradana Deny Aji
Published: October 2023

Pattern making in sand casting requires high-level skilled workers since accuracy is the most important concern in producing good quality products. Therefore, conventional pattern-making becomes a major obstacle in developing new products, especially for complicated products as it takes over 70% of the total time in production of the foundry process. This study offers an alternative method in pattern making utilizing 3D technology with the Fuse Deposition Material (FDM) method. It consisted of three steps: planning, production, and evaluation. An intake manifold is an example product that was designed by using Computer Aided Design (CAD) and then imported to a slicer application to obtain the G codes. After the design was printed by using filament of PLA+, it was assembled to create the plate pattern that then was used to produce the intake manifold through casting. The study result shows that the FDM method of the 3D printing technology is feasible for pattern making on sand casting. Deviation and shrinkage of the casting product were still within tolerance. The largest shrinkage is 0.453 mm (1.258%).
Support for Chronic Pain Management for Breast Cancer Survivors Through Novel Digital Health Ecosystems: Pilot Usability Study of the PainRELife Mobile App
Authors: Masiero Marianna , Filipponi Chiara , Fragale Elisa , Pizzoli Silvia Francesca Maria , Munzone Elisabetta , Milani Alessandra , Guido Luca , Guardamagna Vittorio , Marceglia Sara , Prandin Roberto , Prenassi Marco , Caruso Annamaria , Manzelli Vania , Savino Chiara , Conti Costanza , Rizzi Federica , Casalino Alice , Candiani Giulia , Memini Francesca , Chiveri Luca , Vitali Andrea Luigi , Corbo Massimo , Grasso Roberto , Didier Florence , Ferrucci Roberta , Pravettoni Gabriella
Published: October 2023

Background

Chronic pain is one of the most common and critical long-term effects of breast cancer. Digital health technologies enhance the management of chronic pain by monitoring physical and psychological health status and supporting pain self-management and patient treatment decisions throughout the clinical pathway.

Objective

This pilot study aims to evaluate patients’ experiences, including usability, with a novel digital integrated health ecosystem for chronic pain named PainRELife. The sample included patients with breast cancer during survivorship. The PainRELife ecosystem comprises a cloud technology platform interconnected with electronic health records and patients' devices to gather integrated health care data.

Methods

We enrolled 25 patients with breast cancer (mean age 47.12 years) experiencing pain. They were instructed to use the PainRELife mobile app for 3 months consecutively. The Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) was used to evaluate usability. Furthermore, pain self-efficacy and participation in treatment decisions were evaluated. The study received ethical approval (R1597/21-IEO 1701) from the Ethical Committee of the European Institute of Oncology.

Results

The MARS subscale scores were medium to high (range: 3.31-4.18), and the total app quality score was 3.90. Patients with breast cancer reported reduced pain intensity at 3 months, from a mean of 5 at T0 to a mean of 3.72 at T2 (P=.04). The total number of times the app was accessed was positively correlated with pain intensity at 3 months (P=.03). The engagement (P=.03), information (P=.04), and subjective quality (P=.007) subscales were positively correlated with shared decision-making. Furthermore, participants with a lower pain self-efficacy at T2 (mean 40.83) used the mobile app more than participants with a higher pain self-efficacy (mean 48.46; P=.057).

Conclusions

The data collected in this study highlight that digital health technologies, when developed using a patient-driven approach, might be valuable tools for increasing participation in clinical care by patients with breast cancer, permitting them to achieve a series of key clinical outcomes and improving quality of life. Digital integrated health ecosystems might be important tools for improving ongoing monitoring of physical status, psychological burden, and socioeconomic issues during the cancer survivorship trajectory.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/41216
The New Media Landscape and Its Effects on Skin Cancer Diagnostics, Prognostics, and Prevention: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Haff Priscilla L , Jacobson Alli , Taylor Madison M , Schandua Hayden P , Farris David P , Doan Hung Q , Nelson Kelly C
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

The wide availability of web-based sources, including social media (SM), has supported rapid, widespread dissemination of health information. This dissemination can be an asset during public health emergencies; however, it can also present challenges when the information is inaccurate or ill-informed. Of interest, many SM sources discuss cancer, specifically cutaneous melanoma and keratinocyte cancers (basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma).

OBJECTIVE

Through a comprehensive and scoping review of the literature, this study aims to gain an actionable perspective of the state of SM information regarding skin cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and prevention.

METHODS

We performed a scoping literature review to establish the relationship between SM and skin cancer. A literature search was conducted across MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus from January 2000 to June 2023. The included studies discussed SM and its relationship to and effect on skin cancer.

RESULTS

Through the search, 1009 abstracts were initially identified, 188 received full-text review, and 112 met inclusion criteria. The included studies were divided into 7 groupings based on a publication’s primary objective: misinformation (n=40, 36%), prevention campaign (n=19, 17%), engagement (n=16, 14%), research (n=12, 11%), education (n=11, 10%), demographics (n=10, 9%), and patient support (n=4, 3%), which were the most common identified themes.

CONCLUSIONS

Through this review, we gained a better understanding of the SM environment addressing skin cancer information, and we gained insight into the best practices by which SM could be used to positively influence the health care information ecosystem.
Examining the Effectiveness of eHealth Approaches to Blood Pressure Monitoring and Control in Older Adults: A Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Yildirim Hilal , Borycki Elizabeth , Mallidou Anastasia , Dordunoo Dzifa , Yildiz Sedat
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

eHealth monitoring techniques are recommended for tracking changes in patient blood pressure, to verify a diagnosis of hypertension and to assess the suitability of treatment worldwide. However, such techniques are not always effective or are unavailable to all patients. The advent and spread of eHealth technologies has facilitated monitoring of blood pressure and health status remotely in older adults in a clinicially valid and efficient way

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of eHealth interventions on blood pressure control in older adults.

METHODS

The quantitative review was carried out between January 2017 and February 2022 and included only experimental studies. Several online databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect were searched using the keywords.

RESULTS

Eleven experimental studies were included in the study. Recent findings offer evidence that eHealth interventions can be useful in improving Eleven experimental studies were included in the study. Recent findings offer evidence that eHealth interventions can be useful in improving monitoring, diagnosing and managing hypertension in older adults. The advantage of eHealth monitoring of blood pressure is promoted, when physicians, nurses or health consultants, are part of the process and other multi-mode interventions including training on lifestyle, risk factors, and drug management are part of the blood pressure monitoring. However, older adults experience some difficulty in monitoring their blood pressure using eHealth interventions. Other findings from the review include eHealth interventions are mostly used in high income countries. The results of these interventions and the digital tools used for older adults differ from each other. The older adults who have access to the internet and can use digital devices can benefit from eHealth interventions. There are a limited number of experimental studies on remote blood pressure monitoring among the older adults.

CONCLUSIONS

The future development of applications using eHealth, wearable devices or smartwatches is promising for monitoring the blood pressure of older adults and may be considered as a substantial support for health professionals. Blood pressure monitoring via eHealth interventions may disrupt current hypertension management. However, it is not clear which approach will be effective in monitoring the blood pressure of older adults and this should be clarified (i.e. as to whether it will be sustainable in the future).

CLINICALTRIAL

not needed
Thyroid Cancer Trend in China and The G20 Countries: A Comprehensive Analysis and 20-Year Prognostic ModeI (Preprint)
Authors: Gong Yi , Jiang Qin , Zhai Mimi , Tang Tenglong , Liu Sushun
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Thyroid cancer is a leading type of endocrine cancer. Although research has explored thyroid cancer patterns in China, there remains a notable lack of comparative studies between China and other countries. This comparative approach is essential for a holistic understanding of global thyroid cancer patterns and to assess the effectiveness of various medical treatments worldwide.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to analyze and compare thyroid cancer patterns in China and the G20, and predict the trend for the upcoming two decades.

METHODS

Data was sourced from the GBD Study 2019. Thyroid cancer trends were examined using metrics such as incidence, mortality, MIR, ASR and AAPC. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify periods manifesting notable changes. The association between SDI and AAPC were investigated. The ARIMA model was used to predict thyroid cancer trends from 2020 to 2040.

RESULTS

From 1990 to 2019, thyroid cancer incidence in China increased by 289.63%, with a higher AAPC of ASIR in males. Contrastingly, a relatively lower increase was found in the G20, particularly in females aged over 50. Despite ASMR was higher in the G20, the rise in mortality cases was lower compared to China. ASIR increased across all age groups and genders, especially among males aged 15-49. ASMR decreased across genders and specific age groups, especially in females. Conversely, the ASMR significantly increased in group aged over 70. The MIR exhibited a declining trend, yet the decline was less pronounced among males and the group aged over 70. Joinpoint analysis pinpointed significant shifts in ASIR and ASMR, with the most pronounced increase in ASIR during 2003-2011 in China and 2003-2010 in the G20. Predictive data indicated a continual ASIR uptrend, especially in the 50-69 age group, coupled with a predicted ASMR downturn among the elderly by 2040. Moreover, the proportion of thyroid cancer deaths attributable to high BMI escalated, with the significant increase in Saudi Arabia and a rise to 7.41% in China in 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

Thyroid cancer incidence and mortality are escalating in both China and the G20. The increasing trend may be attributed to factors beyond overdiagnosis, including environmental and genetic factors. These findings emphasize the necessity for augmenting prevention, control, and treatment strategies. They also highlight the significance of international collaboration in tackling the global challenge posed by thyroid cancer.

CLINICALTRIAL

No needs
Social Media Marketing Strategy in Chinese Musical Theatre Industry
Authors: Xu Yexiaxin
Published: October 2023

The usage of social media in the context of musical theatre marketing continues to grow. More and more musical theatre production companies in China are using social media tools such as Weibo to provide various services and interact with customers. In an effort to help understand how the current musical theatre industry conducts social media marketing and the future development direction, this paper describes a case study which applies content analysis to examined posts on Weibo sites of five top musical theatre production companies: Seven Ages, Shanghai Culture Square, Musicals, Focustage, and Amazing Musicals. The results provide insights into the characteristics of social media marketing strategies of musical theatre production companies and changes after covid-19 pandemic. The study results add to the rapidly evolving field of social media within the musical theatre industry marketing context. Moreover, it advocates for an active role for the musical companies to explore and actively participate in the customer and musical fan communities on social media.
Cross-cultural Communication of Traditional Chinese Medicine under the Background of the Belt and Road Initiative —A Case Study of Central and Eastern European countries
Authors: Pan Hui
Published: October 2023

With the effective implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, Chinese culture has been accepted by more and more Central and Eastern European countries, and has further promoted political, economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation among these countries. As an important part of Chinese culture, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become a channel of cultural exchange, and has been paid more and more attention. However, in general, the development and scale of traditional Chinese medicine in central and Eastern Europe are far smaller than that of the United States, Canada and Japan, and Australia as well as Western European countries, such as the United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands. Therefore, it is necessary to promote traditional Chinese medicine to CEE in order to further spread traditional Chinese medicine culture and open up more opportunities for cooperation.
SDSS-IV MANGA: THE RADIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES WITHIN GALAXIES IN THE NEARBY UNIVERSE
Authors: Barrera-Ballesteros J. K. , Sánchez S. F. , Espinosa-Ponce C. , López-Cobá C. , Carigi L. , Lugo-Aranda A. Z. , Lacerda E. , Bruzual G. , Hernandez-Toledo H. , Boardman N. , Drory N. , Lane Richard R. , Brownstein J. R.
Published: October 2023

Using the largest sample of galaxies observed with an optical integral field unit (IFU, the SDSS-IV MaNGA survey, ≈10000 targets), we derive the radial distribution of the physical properties obtained from the stellar continuum and the ionized-gas emission lines. Given the large sample, we are able to explore the impact of the total stellar mass and morphology by averaging those radial distributions for different bins of both global properties. In general, we find that most of the properties exhibit a negative gradient, with a secondary impact by global properties. Our results confirm the intimate interplay between the properties of the stellar component and those of the ionized gas at local (kpc) scales to set the observed radial gradients. The resemblance of the gradients for similar global properties indicates statistical similar histories of star formation and chemical enrichment, with an initial radial gas distribution following the potential of the galaxy.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern and Prevalence of the Emerging Nosocomial Pathogen Achromobacter xylosoxidans in a North Indian Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Singh Malvika , Raina Dimple , Rohilla Ranjana , Narula Himanshu , Pandita Ajay
Published: October 2023

Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an emerging nosocomial pathogen which is commonly found in the environment. In hospital settings, especially in ICU, it can be a cause of nosocomial infection. It is commonly found in the humidifiers in ICU settings and it is also commonly associated with the immunocompromised state of patient having comorbidities. The objective of the study was to study the prevalence of Achromobacter xylosoxidans and its antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. The Retrospective analysis was done of the culture reports positive for Achromobacter xylosoxidans by VITEK 2 method and its Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern was analysed from the period of September 2021 to February 2023.The maximum (54.54%) infection was seen in the age group >50 years. The maximum number (66.2%) of Achromobacter xylosoxidans were isolated from Suction tip, followed by blood (8%) and Tracheal Tip (5%). Surgical ICU contributed to the maximum number of infections i.e. 40.2%, followed by Respiratory ICU (22.1%). Maximum sensitivity was seen for Cotrimoxazole and Meropenem (around 80%), followed by Cefoperazone-Sulbactam (74%), Imipenem, Levofloxacin, Ceftazidime (around 65%). The sensitivity was minimal for Ceftriaxone (0%), Aztreonam (1.3%), and Gentamicin (5.2%). The most common risk factors/ comorbidities associated with Achromobacter infections was recent ICU admission (87.01%). The antibiotic sensitivity trends to all the antibiotics used, declined from 2021 to 2022. The antibiotic of choice to our conclusion is Cotrimoxazole, followed by Piperacillin-Tazobactam. Colistin should be kept as a reserve drug for the last resort treatment. The bacteria should not be ignored as it can lead to various opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients, causing hindrance in the treatment.
Comparing hs-CRP and MPO Biomarkers of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Metabolic Syndrome Patients
Authors: Beautlin Abishkauf Jenish , Govindaraj Ashok , Devi Durga , Ilangovan Gurubharath , Lakshmi Divya
Published: October 2023

Cardiovascular disorders have been linked to myeloperoxidase, an enzyme generated from leukocytes. MPO creates an antibacterial system and has been many correlations between MPO, hs-CRP and cardiovascular disease. The present study has aimed to assess MPO, hs-CRP and subclinical atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome patients by using FMD and CIMT parameters. 75 metabolic syndrome affected patients had defined as per the criteria of IDF (International Diabetes Federation) which had been in this study. In addition, ultrasound doppler had been employed for determining the carotid intima medial thickness for both right and left (left and right CIMT) and brachial artery FMD. By employing the Immunoassay MPO and hs-CRP ultrasensitive ELISA kit, the concentration of MPO and hs-CRP is measured. A positive link between MPO with CIMT right and left (r value of right CIMT=0.723, p <0.05 and left CIMT r=0.712, p<0.01), hs-CRP with CIMT right and left (r value of right CIMT=0.613, p<0.05and left CIMT r=0.64, p<0.01)and a significant inverse correlation between MPO with FMD (r= -0.319,p<0.05), hs-CRP with FMD (r= -0.304,p<0.01) in metabolic syndrome patients. Serum MPO and hs-CRP is positively linked with subclinical atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome patients. According to this finding, understanding the mechanism behind the risk factors for cardiovascular disease can be aided by the development of new molecular markers for metabolic syndrome and subclinical atherosclerosis.
Cutting multi-control quantum gates with ZX calculus
Authors: Ufrecht Christian , Periyasamy Maniraman , Rietsch Sebastian , Scherer Daniel D. , Plinge Axel , Mutschler Christopher
Published: October 2023

Circuit cutting, the decomposition of a quantum circuit into independent partitions, has become a promising avenue towards experiments with larger quantum circuits in the noisy-intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) era. While previous work focused on cutting qubit wires or two-qubit gates, in this work we introduce a method for cutting multi-controlled Z gates. We construct a decomposition and prove the upper bound O(62K) on the associated sampling overhead, where K is the number of cuts in the circuit. This bound is independent of the number of control qubits but can be further reduced to O(4.52K) for the special case of CCZ gates. Furthermore, we evaluate our proposal on IBM hardware and experimentally show noise resilience due to the strong reduction of CNOT gates in the cut circuits.
Relating students’ proportional reasoning level and their understanding of fair games
Authors: Gea María Magdalena , Hernández-Solís Luis Armando , Batanero Carmen , Álvarez-Arroyo Rocío
Published: October 2023

This paper analyzes the relationship between proportional reasoning and understanding fair games in Costa Rican students. We conducted a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the answers to six items on comparing ratios of increasing difficulty level and another item on prize estimation in a fair game. We describe the strategies employed and the semiotic conflicts detected in 292 Costa Rican students from Grades 6 to 10 (11-16-year-olds), comparing the findings with those established in previous research. The results show an increase in the level of proportional reasoning with the grade, although the age at which the higher levels are reached is lower than that assumed by Noelting. The percentage of students applying correct strategies in the fair game problem also increases with grade, and a relationship between the understanding of fair game and the level of proportional reasoning is observed.
Ungkapan Pantang Larang dalam Masyarakat Bugis Desa Simbur Naik Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur (Kajian Semiotika)
Authors: Syamsiah Eka , Suryani Irma , Wulandari Sovia
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna ungkapan pantang larang masyarakat Bugis Desa Simbur Naik Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Metode dalam penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Kemudian data yang digunakan berupa ungkapan pantang larang yang diujarkan/dituturkan oleh informan dan menjadi objek penelitian. Data diperoleh dari dua informan. Adapun teknik yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data melalui dua cara yaitu: wawancara dan teknik rekam. Kemudian data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori semiotika Roland Barthes mengenai makna rasional dan irasional. Hasil dari penelitian ini merupakan Makna rasional dan irasiona dalam ungkapan Pantang Larang yang diperoleh dari informan sebanyak 42 buah ungkapan pantang larang dalam masyarakat Bugis Desa Simbur Naik yang dikategorikan sebagai tiga kategori yaitu: (1) Tiga belas data ungkapan pantang larang sebagai penebal emosi keagamaan atau kepercayaan, (2) Tiga belas data ungkapan pantang larang sebagai sebagai alat pendidikan anak dan remaja, dan (3) Enam belas data ungkapan pantang larang sebagai alat pemaksa dan pengawas agar norma-norma masyarakat akan selalu dipatuhi oleh anggota kolektifnya.
Analysis of mutation-originated gain-of-glycosylation using mass spectrometry-based N-glycoproteomics
Authors: TIAN ZHIXIN , Yang Hailun
Published: October 2023

RATIONALE: A general N-glycoproteomics analysis pipeline has
been established for characterization of mutation-related
gain-of-glycosylation (GoG) at intact N-glycopeptide molecular level,
generating comprehensive site and structure information of
N-glycosylation. METHODS: This study focus on
mutation-originated gain-of-glycosylation using mass spectrometry-based
N-glycoproteomics analysis workflow. In brief, GoG intact N-glycopeptide
databases were built, consisting of 2,701 proteins (potential GoG
N-glycosites and amino acids derived from MUTAGEN, VARIANT and VAR_SEQ
in UniProt) and 6,709 human N-glycans (≤50 sequence isomers per
monosaccharide composition). We employed the site- and
structure-specific N-glycoproteomics workflow utilizing intact
N-glycopeptides search engine GPSeeker to identify GoG intact
N-glycopeptides from parental breast cancer stem cells (MCF-7 CSCs) and
adriamycin-resistant breast cancer stem cells (MCF-7/ADR CSCs).
RESULTS: With the criteria of spectrum-level FDR control of
≤1%, we identified 88 and 96 GoG intact N-glycopeptides corresponding
to 38 and 36 intact N-glycoproteins from MCF-7 CSCs and MCF-7/ADR CSCs,
respectively. Among KEGG annotation of GoG N-glycoproteins, DNA
polymerase eta (POLH), serine-protein kinase ATM (ATM) and cellular
tumor antigen p53 (P53) were enriched in platinum drug resistance signal
pathway. ATM, P53 and G2 and S phase-expressed protein 1 (GTSE1) were
associated with p53 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: The
integration of site- and structure-specific N-glycoproteomics approach,
conjugating with GoG characterization, provides a universal workflow for
revealing comprehensive N-glycosite and N-glycan structure information
of gain-of-glycosylation. The analysis of mutation-originated gain-of
glycosylation can be extended GoG characterization to all the other
N-glycoproteome systems including complex clinical tissues and body
fluids.
Spotted hyena navigation of social-ecological landscapes on a coexistence frontier
Authors: Wilkinson Christine E. , Xu Wenjing , Solli Amalie Luneng , Brashares Justin S. , Chepkisich Christine , Osuka Gerald , Kelly Maggi
Published: October 2023

“Coexistence frontiers”, or regions where human infrastructure and
activity are increasing rapidly or newly appearing, constitute novel
environments where wildlife must learn to navigate and coexist with
people. It is widely recognized that behaviorally flexible species are
more likely to persist in these human-dominated landscapes.
Nevertheless, we do not fully understand how these animals navigate
landscapes shaped by infrastructure, human activity, and human
tolerance. As a widely reviled and behaviorally plastic apex predator,
the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) is a model species for understanding
how wide-ranging large carnivores navigate social-ecological landscapes
in an urbanizing world. Using high-resolution (minimum 5-min fix rates)
GPS collar data and supplemental camera trap imagery, we applied
resource selection and step selection functions to assess spotted hyena
landscape navigation and fine-scale movement decisions in relation to
social-ecological features in Lake Nakuru National Park and Soysambu
Conservancy, Kenya. Second, we used camera traps and barrier behavior
analysis (BaBA) to further examine hyena interactions with barriers. Our
results show that environmental covariates—including NDVI, terrain,
and proximity to water—were the best predictors of landscape-scale
resource selection by hyenas, while human infrastructure and the
likelihood of conflict with humans or livestock predicted fine-scale
hyena movement decisions. We also found that hyena selection for these
characteristics changed seasonally and across land management types.
Camera traps documented an exceptionally high number of individual
spotted hyenas (234) approaching the national park fence at 16 sites
during the study period, and BaBA results suggested that hyenas perceive
protected area boundaries’ electric fences as risky but may cross them
out of necessity. Our results highlight that wildlife adaptability in
coexistence frontiers may be expressed differently depending on context
and scale. These results also point to the need to incorporate societal
factors into multiscale analyses of carnivore movement to effectively
plan for human-carnivore coexistence.
Molecular mechanisms of neutron radiation dose effects on M1 generation peas
Authors: Xu Dapeng , Feng Huyuan , Li Yafeng , Pan Jianbin , Yao Ze’en
Published: October 2023

Radiation mutation breeding is an important method for obtaining new
crop varieties. In radiation mutation breeding research, the dose effect
of radiation has long been a topic of concern. However, the molecular
mechanism behind the dose effect is still unclear. Through analyzing the
transcriptome and proteome of M1 generation pea (Pisum sativum L.)
leaves, we discovered several important rules and molecular mechanisms.
We found three important rules of global gene expression in the studied
dose range. One of them was closely related to the neutron absorbed
dose: the greater the difference in neutron absorbed dose between two
radiation treatment groups, the greater the difference in differential
expression between the two groups and the control group. We also
obtained important sensitive metabolic pathways of neutron radiation, as
well as related key genes. Furthermore, the overall molecular regulation
mechanism of dose effect was further revealed based on the main
functional items obtained. Our research not only explains the molecular
mechanisms of the neutron radiation dose effect on M1 generation peas,
but also investigates the related metabolic pathways and genes. The
research results can be applied to appropriate radiation dose estimation
and agricultural production practice.
Genome-Wide Association study for root nodulation in field Soybean.
Authors: Ghimire Niraj , Dumenyo Korsi , Taheri Ali
Published: October 2023

Nitrogen is a crucial nutrient for soybean growth and production.
Enhancing soybean crop yield is essential to address the growing
challenge of ensuring food security. While nodulation and nitrogen
fixation reduce the need for additional nitrogen, the presence of
actively fixing nodules, distinguished by their pink or red color,
ensures effective nitrogen fixation and yield improvement in soybeans.
Changes in global climate led to shifts in soil characteristics that
restrict root growth and create conditions resembling drought,
diminishing the capacity of plant roots to absorb water and nutrients,
consequently impacting overall plant growth as well as nodulation
related traits. In this research, we’re examining nodulation related
traits across 500 late maturing soybean accessions. We germinated seeds
on germination paper and transferred them to blue blotting papers and
captured root images after 21 days. Nodulation traits such as Nodules
number and area will be evaluated using the Soybean Nodule Acquisition
Pipeline (SNAP). Statistical assessments including population structure,
kinship matrix, and principal component analysis will be measured using
R. We’ll utilize both phenotypic data and SNPs from Illumina Infinium
SoySNP50K iselect SNP Beadchip for Genome-wide Association Studies
(GWAS) using the GAPIT package in R. This study aims to identify genetic
regions linked to nodulation traits, potentially uncovering valuable
QTLs or genes for enhancing nodulation related traits.
Liver-Selective Imidazolopyrazine Mitochondrial Uncoupler SHD865 Reverses Adiposity and Glucose Intolerance in Mice
Authors: Beretta Martina , Dai Yumin , Olzomer Ellen M. , Vancuylenburg Calum S. , Santiago-Rivera José A. , Philp Ashleigh M. , Hargett Stefan R. , Li Keyong , Shah Divya P. , Chen Sing-Young , Alexopoulos Stephanie J. , Li Catherine , Harris Thurl E. , Lee Brendan , Wathier Michel , Cermak Jennifer M. , Tucker Simon P. , Turner Nigel , Bayliss Douglas A. , Philp Andrew , Byrne Frances L. , Santos Webster L. , Hoehn Kyle L.
Published: October 2023

Excess body fat is a risk factor for metabolic diseases and is a leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is a strong need to find new treatments that decrease the burden of obesity and lower the risk of obesity-related comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Pharmacologic mitochondrial uncouplers represent a potential treatment for obesity through their ability to increase nutrient oxidation. Herein, we report the in vitro and in vivo characterization of compound SHD865, the first compound to be studied in vivo in a newly discovered class of imidazolopyrazine mitochondrial uncouplers. SHD865 is a derivative of the furazanopyrazine uncoupler BAM15. SHD865 is a milder mitochondrial uncoupler than BAM15 that results in a lower maximal respiration rate. In a mouse model of diet-induced adiposity, 6-week treatment with SHD865 completely restored normal body composition and glucose tolerance to levels like those of chow-fed controls, without altering food intake. SHD865 treatment also corrected liver steatosis and plasma hyperlipidemia to normal levels comparable with chow-fed controls. SHD865 has maximal oral bioavailability in rats and slow clearance in human microsomes and hepatocytes. Collectively, these data identify the potential of imidazolopyrazine mitochondrial uncouplers as drug candidates for the treatment of obesity-related disorders.

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Alterations in Adipose Tissue Distribution, Cell Morphology, and Function Mark Primary Insulin Hypersecretion in Youth With Obesity
Authors: Tricò Domenico , Chiriacò Martina , Nouws Jessica , Vash-Margita Alla , Kursawe Romy , Tarabra Elena , Galderisi Alfonso , Natali Andrea , Giannini Cosimo , Hellerstein Marc , Ferrannini Ele , Caprio Sonia
Published: October 2023

Excessive insulin secretion independent of insulin resistance, defined as primary hypersecretion, is associated with obesity and an unfavorable metabolic phenotype. We examined the characteristics of adipose tissue of youth with primary insulin hypersecretion and the longitudinal metabolic alterations influenced by the complex adipo-insular interplay. In a multiethnic cohort of adolescents with obesity but without diabetes, primary insulin hypersecretors had enhanced model-derived β-cell glucose sensitivity and rate sensitivity but worse glucose tolerance, despite similar demographics, adiposity, and insulin resistance measured by both oral glucose tolerance test and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Hypersecretors had greater intrahepatic and visceral fat depots at abdominal MRI, hypertrophic abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes, higher free fatty acid and leptin serum levels per fat mass, and faster in vivo lipid turnover assessed by a long-term 2H2O labeling protocol. At 2-year follow-up, hypersecretors had greater fat accrual and a threefold higher risk for abnormal glucose tolerance, while individuals with hypertrophic adipocytes or higher leptin levels showed enhanced β-cell glucose sensitivity. Primary insulin hypersecretion is associated with marked alterations in adipose tissue distribution, cellularity, and lipid dynamics, independent of whole-body adiposity and insulin resistance. Pathogenetic insight into the metabolic crosstalk between β-cell and adipocyte may help to identify individuals at risk for chronic hyperinsulinemia, body weight gain, and glucose intolerance.

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