bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Demonstration Project for Training Parents in the Use of Social Learning Techniques
Authors:   , Chaffin Janis
Published: February 2023

This study examined the effects of parent characteristics on the success or failure of a behavior modification project with their children. The subjects were parents enrolled in a Behavior Modification for Child Management course at Fort Hays Kansas State College. Each parent was required to carry out a modification project with her child as part of the requirements for the course. The parents were taught the basic techniques of behavior modification, and the practical application of these techniques. They were also offered the benefit of home consultation by the instructors. Each participant was required to record not only her child’s behavior, but also her own behavior in response to the child’s behavior. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of parent characteristics on their child’s behavior, close attention was paid to these characteristics relative to success or failure of each parent’s project. It was found that though recording their behavior in response to their children’s behavior, parents were made aware of what aspects of their own behaviors were influencing their child’s behavior. The four change programs that were completed were all successful, and the parents reported an increase in their knowledge of behavior modification techniques. This was an indication of the success of the class.
Factors Affecting Student-Teacher Relationships in Early Education Classrooms
Authors:   , Scott Aaron
Published: February 2023

The present study examined what factors contribute to students experiencing supportive, positive relationships with their teachers. The study assessed teachers’ perceptions (n=37) of randomly selected kindergarten through third grade students (n=146). Students that were selected did not have Individualized Education Plans. All teacher participants completed the Student-Teacher Relationship Scale, Early School Behavior Rating Scale-Teacher, and Teacher Efficacy Scale (Short Form) to examine the association between class size, student-teacher relationships, student behavior, and teacher efficacy. Results indicated that (a) students who attended larger classes (17-24 students) had a greater relationship with their teachers and better school behavior than those who attended small classes (12-16 students), (b) students with fewer behavior problems had a greater relationship with their teachers than those students with more behavior problems, (c) teacher efficacy did not significantly predict the quality of student-teacher relationships, (d) class size and behavior problems interacting together did not significantly affect student-teacher relationships, and (e) class size did not significantly relate to levels of teacher efficacy. Implications were discussed regarding future research and application to classrooms.
An Investigation of Knowledge About the Hemoglobin A1C Test in Veterans with Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   , Keil Barbara
Published: February 2023

Measuring Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) has been recognized as an important part of diabetes care (Harwell et al. 2002). According to a study conducted by Levetan, Dawn, Robbins and Ratner (2002), the majority of patients with diabetes do not know their HbA1c value or their own HbA1c target goals. Heisler, Smith, Hayward, Krein, and Kerr (2003) noted little evidence or research about whether patients’ own assessments of their self-management correlates with their actual glycemic control. It has been observed in Veterans’ Affairs (VA) clinic setting that patients’ knowledge of the HbA1c test appears to be minimal and that the focus for these veterans is on their fasting blood sugar values the day of their appointment. There is little indication of the use of target HbA1c levels in self-management strategies. This investigation was comprised of a convenience sample of 50 veterans in a non-experimental, survey, and correlational design investigation to determine levels of knowledge of the HbA1c test and relationships between HbA1c knowledge and glycemic control.
Plane Truths
Authors:   , McKenzie Sandi
Published: February 2023

A collection of bronze, alabaster, cast paper, mixed media, and masonite artwork.
Perceived Effects of Kansas Student Publication Act on Selected High School Journalism Advisers, Principals, and Student Editors
Authors:   , Hertel Cinthia
Published: February 2023

This thesis examined the perceived effects of the 1992 Kansas Student Publication Act on student expression as viewed by selected high school journalism advisers, principals, and student editors. For this study 50 high schools were randomly selected from the 184 schools whose newspaper advisers were members of the Kansas Scholastic Press Association during the 1994-95 school year. The journalism adviser, principal, and student newspaper editor in each of the selected schools were mailed a survey that questioned the status of student expression. The number of subjects responding consisted of 30 advisers, 23 principals, and 25 student editors. Respondents indicated although Kansas journalism students had a large degree of freedom of expression, this freedom was not necessarily a result of the Student Publication Act (1992). Results also indicated that subtle censorship may have been occurring either by administrators and advisers or by self-censorship of student editors.
A Follow-Up Study of the 01/01/1966, 01/01/1967, and 01/01/1968 Graduates of the Garden City Community Junior College
Authors:   , Hopkins Ronald
Published: February 2023

This study was specifically concerned with the academic, extra-curricular, and advisee-advisor programs at The Garden City Community Junior College, Garden City, Kansas. While many instruments have been devised to study differences between individuals by using personality ratings, intelligence tests, and interest inventories on a four-year college or university campus, fewer attempts have been made to study differences between individuals on a junior college campus. A junior college environment is a complex one, consisting of libraries, professors, administrators, laboratories, social events, organizations, curricula, counselors, and many other factors. This study will construct a model that will provide the image of the college in these areas of academic, extra-curricular, and advisee-advisor programs.
Perceptions of Secondary Teachers Toward the Scans Interpersonal Skills : A Focus Group Study
Authors:   , Nilhas Steven
Published: February 2023

Our nation's education system is under increasing pressure to improve and make the changes necessary to prepare a new gene ration of leaders and workers. The SCANS reports outlined five general areas where schools should direct their resources in order to meet the challenges of the future. One of these areas, interpersonal competencies is the subject of this research. Educational reform encompasses a broad range of issues, opportunities, and challenges. This research looks at some of these including relevant instruction, life-long learning, and curriculum integration. Each of these is related to the study of the SCANS interpersonal skills which was the main focus of the research. Four to five teachers from four high schools volunteered to take part in the study which used a focus group approach to collect the data. The findings showed four out of six of the SCANS interpersonal competencies with widespread use throughout the curriculum of the schools involved with the study. The study also showed teaching methodology changing to meet the needs of students as they prepare for life after high school.
Differences in Maternal Perception of Breastfeeding Effectiveness
Authors:   , Pinkham Mary
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate maternal perceptions of breastfeeding effectiveness following both vaginal and cesarean delivery, and to assess differences or relationships between maternal age, parity, neonatal gender, and maternal breastfeeding perceptions. Due to the importance of breastfeeding initiation and duration following childbirth and concerns related to rising rates of operative deliveries, additional research is needed to examine potential adverse effects of cesarean section on breastfeeding. Do mothers who deliver vaginally perceive breastfeeding as more effective than mothers who deliver by cesarean section? To operationalize maternal perception of breastfeeding effectiveness, the Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale (MBFES, 1994) was employed, and Sister Callista Roys’ Adaptation Model (1986) served as the theoretical framework. Results this investigation may be used to enhance prenatal education and breastfeeding assistance postpartum. A Level II, non-experimental design was used to detect differences between groups and relationships between variables. A convenience sample of newly delivered postpartum women was recruited prior to hospital discharge. Investigation results were statistically analyzed using an independent t-test to compare differences in maternal perceptions of breastfeeding effectiveness after both vaginal and cesarean deliveries, and between primiparous and multiparous women. Spearman’s rho was used to assess if a relationship exists between maternal age and perception of breastfeeding effectiveness. Phi coefficient was used to test a relationship between maternal perceptions of breastfeeding and neonatal gender. Investigation findings indicated that there was no statistically significant difference with maternal perceptions of breastfeeding effectiveness compared to route of delivery of maternal parity. Results also indicated that there was no significant correlation among maternal age or neonatal gender and maternal perceptions of breastfeeding effectiveness. While no significant finds were noted, information obtained throughout the investigation will contribute to the body of knowledge for the discipline of nursing.
A Study of the Impact of the Iron and Steel Industry on the Economy of Japan Since 01/01/1960
Authors:   , Nakahara Osamu
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to trace the contributions of the iron and steel industry in Japan to Japanese economic development. This study is divided into four main parts. The first gives the general characteristics of the nation's economic development and the importance of the iron and steel industry to the Japanese economy. The second is a study of manufacturing and distribution of steel imports, exports and domestic marketing. The third is devoted to the reasons of the rapid growth of the steel industry in Japan: government's participation with the steel industry, abundant labor force, steel price, heavy equipment investment to the steel industry and technique induction and research investment. The fourth deals with the problems of the steel industry: over-production, low earning power of the steel makers and the moves in the United States to restrict imports of steel products. The writer believes that when the above problems are solved, the Japanese iron and steel industry will be able to rise to highest world levels in quality and quantity and thereby contribute to continued development of the Japanese economy.
The Treatment of The Negro In Modern American Drama From 1900-1950.
Authors:   , Lange Marva
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to discover and appraise the treatment of the Negro in modern .American drama from 1900 to 1950. The relationship of the black and white races is a problem that has been the concern of Americans since the beginning of American history, and it has not and perhaps never Will be solved. However, learning more about a problem should help one to understand it. An attempt would be made here to depict Negro life as it is viewed by the Negro dramatist and by the white dramatist, and to interpret and evaluate the materials and ideas presented by these dramatists. Although this study will necessarily be subject to some degree, an effort will be made to present unbiased interpretations and carefully weighed facts.
The Consumer and His Preferences for Clothing in Hays, Kansas
Authors:   , Kuhlman Harold
Published: February 2023

The quantity demanded is a function of the price of the good in question; income, the price of other goods, and tastes. Leaving all other things equal, the effect of changing tastes upon changes in the quantity demanded will be compared with survey results. Therefore, the problem is to establish a relationship between this economic principle and the results of a survey made in Hays, Kansas. A survey can be a valuable research aid in relating practical application to consumer theory. However, the survey must not only apply to the theory involved but also the results roust be objectively evaluated.
Willingness to Seek Counseling Help as a Function of Severity of Problem and Social Support
Authors:   , Barger June
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the present thesis was to examine hypotheses involving relationships between severity of problem, social support, and willingness to seek counseling. These hypotheses were as follows: Hypothesis 1: Social support is negatively related to willingness to seek counseling. Hypothesis 2: Severity of problem is positively related to willingness to seek counseling. Hypothesis 3: There will be a stronger positive relationship between severity of problem and willingness to seek counseling at low levels of social support (as compared to high levels of social support). The method of the research involved having 98 college students complete a packet of questionnaires that included a measure of social support and questions about a help-seeking scenario. Severity of problem was manipulated by having some subjects (randomly determined) respond to questions about a scenario involving a high-severity problem and the remaining subjects respond to questions about a low-severity problem. Two indices of willingness to seek counseling were derived from the responses to the questions about the scenarios, an absolute index and a relative (to other helpers) index. The first hypothesis of the thesis received moderate support. Several types of social support as well as overall actual and perceived support were negatively related to relative willingness to receive counseling; however, only one of the measured types of social support were observed to be related to absolute willingness to seek counseling. The second hypothesis received consistent support from the findings in that severity of problem was positively related to both relative and absolute willingness to seek counseling. In examining the third hypothesis, it was observed that as severity of problem increased, students with higher levels of several types of social support and overall actual support were more willing to seek counseling, as indicated by the measure of absolute willingness; this same relationship was not observed for students with lower levels of social support. This difference in findings for students with high vs. low levels of social support was in a direction opposite to that predicted by the third hypothesis.
RNA Interference Of Three Genes Of The Unfolded Protein Response: Activating Factor Of Transcription 4, Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2-Alpha Kinase, And Inositol-Requiring Enzyme 1 In Acyrthosiphon Pisum
Authors:   , Ridder Jared
Published: February 2023

Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4) is a transcription factor that can act as both an activator or repressor and is a critical component of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and Amino Acid Response (AAR) pathways. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) is an Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) membrane-bound kinase/endoribonuclease that functions as a sensor of unfolded protein and is the most conserved component of the UPR in eukaryotes. Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2-alpha Kinase (PERK) is an ER membrane bound kinase that phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation factor upon activation of the UPR causing downregulation of protein synthesis. It was hypothesized that introduction of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) complementary to each of the target genes to aphid diet may correlate with a change in expression of each gene. The objective of this study were to determine the possible relationship between fed dsRNA concentration and aphid survival. Increase in concentration of ATF4 dsRNA in artificial diet was correlated to a decrease in survival of fed aphids. Greater concentrations of fed dsRNA were associated with less expression of ATF4 mRNA in whole aphids. Increase in concentration of IRE1 and PERK dsRNAs in artificial diet were not correlated to a decrease in survival of fed aphids, although increase in concentrations of the respective dsRNAs were associated with less expression of the target gene mRNAs. These results suggest that target mRNA expression appears to be influenced by concentration of fed dsRNA. The results of this study also indicate that decrease in ATF4 expression is associated with decreased insect survival while decrease in IRE1 and PERK expression is not.
Suicide Attempts among Emotionally and Behaviorally Disturbed Adolescents Removed from the Home
Authors:   , Wanja Faith
Published: February 2023

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between adolescent suicide behavior and the age of removal from home amongst children with emotional and behavioral disturbance. The study aims to determine whether a childï¿½s removal from home can be counted as a viable basis for the development of suicide prevention programs and an expansion for evidence based practices. The study was conducted using archived de-identified data collected and provided by a private not-for-profit behavioral health treatment facility located in rural Kansas. The participants included male and female adolescents between the ages of thirteen to eighteen years old that were admitted into the facility between January 1st, 2011 and May 31st, 2011. The results did not indicate a significant relationship between adolescent suicide behavior and the age of the childï¿½s first removal from the home. However correlations revealed a significant relationship between multiple types of trauma experienced and the age of the childï¿½s first removal from the home. Further analyses revealed a positive correlation between multiple types of trauma experienced and suicide attempts. T-tests indicated little difference between genders in regards to suicide attempts or the childï¿½s first removal from the home. These results may have been influenced by an inadequate amount of participants and a limited pool of data. Adolescent suicide is a critical issue facing society today. Further research is needed to determine the effects of out-of-home placements as a possible predictor to adolescent suicide behavior in hopes of shedding more light to the issue of adolescent suicide.
Identification of Characters in Two Novels by Harry Kemp
Authors:   , Hopkins Terry
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this thesis is to identify the many characters found in the two autobiographical novels written by Harry Kemp. The novels, Tramping on Life (1922) and More Miles (1926), contain intimate recollections of the poet’s life from 1883 until approximately 1915, and scores of anecdotes about famous people from many walks of life: artists, journalists, anarchists, professors, authors, editors, and others. Unfortunately for the biographer-historian, Kemp has given pseudonyms to practically all of the people about whom he writes. This thesis establishes the identity of 136 personages’ ”known and unknown, famous and infamous” found in the two novels. Among those identified are: David Belasco, Floyd Dell, Max Eastman, Emma Goldman, Elbert Hubbard, Sinclair Lewis, Bernarr Macfadden, Dwight L. Moody, John Reed, Upton Sinclair, William Allen White, and William Butler Yeats. The thesis is presented in the form of two indexes. The first indexes the false names and establishes the true identity of each. The second is a cross-index of the real names to the pseudonyms. In addition, a biography of Harry Kemp and some notes of historical background are provided.
The Mammals of Lacreek National Wildlife Refuge, Bennett County, South Dakota
Authors:   , Wilhelm Robert
Published: February 2023

No comprehensive account of the distribution and biogeography of mammals in South Dakota has been published. Over and Churchill (1941) compiled information available at that time on the mammals of the state, but their work was sketchy and was processed in the form of a mimeographed bulletin, which was not widely distributed. Other studies conducted in South Dakota have dealt with mammalian faunas of particular regions of the state, such as the Black Hills (Turner, 1974), Clay County (Findley, 1956b), and Harding County (Anderson and Jones, 1971), or have pertained to distributions of individual taxa (for example, Handley, 1953; Birney and Lampe, 1972; Jones et al., 1978). One unique region of the state for which the mammalian fauna have received little attention is located in Bennet County, where expansive marshland abuts the northern border of the Nebraska Sandhills of Lacreek National Wildlife Refuge (Fig. 1). The marshland is isolated from similar habitats and is of appreciable biogeographical significance especially with respect to mesic-adapted species.
Populist Study in Need of Revision: A Case Study of Kearny County, Kansas, in the Populist Era
Authors:   , Smith Harold
Published: February 2023

The problem for this thesis was to examine the historiographical material on Populism as a historical movement and relate it to a county in Kansas. The county selected for this study was Kearny, a county in the southwestern section of the state. In the study the general assumptions of the major writers on the subject were examined critically against research findings of this local investigation. Many of the assumptions and generalizations that have been accepted by historians in the past are in need of clarification or modification. The assumption by John D. Hicks in The Populist Revolt (1931) that out of the period 1888 to 1898 there were only two good crop years in Kansas is inaccurate. The high mortgage rate that writers contemporary to Populism referred, as well as Hicks, must be modified to take into consideration the nature of many of the loans that were made during the boom period from 1885 to 1888. While Allan Bogue in his Money at Interest (1955) has provided a brief survey of the loan and mortgage problem much more work needs to be done in Kansas on their effect upon the political development of this period. There is tentative evidence that the rhetoric and reality were different. In addition this study has indicated that Populism had greater support in the western areas of Kansas than had formerly been assumed. On the local level it was found that local conditions in Kearny played an important role in whether Populism was accepted. Local newspapers provided primary material about conditions in the county during the Populist period, 1890-1898. The Kearny County Advocate, Lakin Index and Lakin Pioneer Democrat were the papers used. Count y records, the Biennial Reports of the various state departments and a local history, History of Kearny County, were used to reconstruct the county historically. The Kansas State Historical Society was utilized for newspaper research, census reading and manuscript evaluation.
Educators' Knowledge of and Attitudes Towards Aids
Authors:   , Westerhaus Catherine
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of educators pertaining to AIDS. Surveys were mailed to 212 educators employed in two districts in Southwestern Kansas. A total of 128 complete surveys were returned. Of the educators returning complete surveys, 25 were males and 103 were females. The following independent variables were investigated: age, gender, level at which the educator works, years of experience in education, and religious affiliation. The following dependent variables were investigated: Perceived Personal Vulnerability, Perceived Extent of Others' Risk Reduction Efforts, Desire for AIDS Information, Perceived Effectiveness of Preventive Measures, and Knowledge of AIDS. Five composite null hypotheses were tested at the .05 level of significance. A three-way analysis of variance (general linear model) was employed for all null hypotheses. A total of 102 comparisons were made plus 102 recurring. Of the 102 comparisons, 30 were for main effects and 72 were interactions. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. educators age 49 and less have a greater desire for AIDS Information than those age 50 and over, 2. educators with 1-5 years experience have a greater desire for AIDS Information than those with 21 and more years of experience, 3. educators with 16-20 years of experience Perceived Effectiveness of Preventive Measures more important than those with 1-5 years of experience, 4. educators working at the high school level have more Knowledge of AIDS than those working at the elementary level, 5. educators age 35-49 have more Knowledge of AIDS than those age 50 and over, 6. the independent variables age and gender should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Disease Severity, 7. the independent variables gender and years of experience should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Disease Severity, 8. the independent variables years of experience and level at which the educator works should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Personal Vulnerability, 9. the independent variables age, years of experience, and level at which the educator works should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Extent of Others' Risk Reduction Efforts, 10. the independent variables age and level at which the educator works should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Personal Vulnerability, 11 . the independent variables age, gender, and level at which the educator works should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Personal Vulnerability, and 12. the independent variables gender and religious affiliation should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Knowledge of AIDS.
Metamorphic Expressions in Metal
Authors:   , Chism Robert
Published: February 2023

The actual essence of the creator’s objective was to able to visualize beauty of nature through the use of metal, may it be expressing something of infinity or for only a season, perhaps bold or minute. Growth and decay, both having beauty in their own right, and both having a time of visual existence, suggested ideas to the sculptor. The flexibility of welding rod best expresses the beauty of nature for the sculptor rather than sheet steel because he was able to obtain a growth-like quality of nature, not only of plant life, but of growth and decay of nature herself. The sculptor also found that accidents which occur in some mediums were not experienced in the use of metal; thus he believes that the experiences which he has had were pure experiences. Unlike water color, ceramic glazes, or some graphic processes which can produce effects contrary to the creator’s ideas, welding with steel produces only that which the creator intends. “Varied Passage”, the third sculpture which the sculptor developed seemed to create more difficulty than any other sculptural form. Perhaps the problem arose because of the sculptor’s attempt to express the same theme, that of recline, in another form. Not until “Varied Passage” was completed did it become evident that a previous piece, “Formation”, more clearly communicated the sculptor’s feelings concerning this theme. Through intense study of the materials used by the sculptor, he was better able to use ideas, thoughts, and personal emotions which were suggested to him by previous works he had done. Such suggestions as textures, line, and space helped provide ideas for the different pieces created for this study. The development of expressions of nature, may it be something concerning growth or decay, or both, is something which could be approached in many different ways. The sculptor believes that creating a sculpture using some interpretation of a facet of nature is best done through the use of a material such as steel which offers the variation of form and tensile strength associated with nature.
The Relations Among Parenting Style, Self-Concept and Academic Achievement
Authors:   , Crist Stephanie
Published: February 2023

The present study examined the relations among parenting style, self-concept, and academic achievement in adolescents. Specifically, various domains of self-concept (Total, Behavioral Adjustment, Intellectual and School Status, Physical Appearance and Attributes, Freedom form Anxiety, Popularity, and Happiness and Satisfaction) were explored to examine their relations to academic achievement and parenting style (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive-indifferent, and permissive-indulgent). Participants were 79 students form a public high school in rural Kansas. They completed a demographic information sheet, the Steinberg parenting Style Questionnaire, and the Piers Harris 2 Children’s Self-Concept Scale. Overall, academic achievement was significantly related to parenting style, and academic achievement was also significantly positively correlated to overall self-concept. Children form authoritative homes had significantly higher academic achievement than children from permissive-indulgent parents. Parenting style had a significant impact on the specific self-concept domains of Behavioral Adjustment and Intellectual and School Status. Children form authoritarian parents had higher Behavioral Adjustment scores than children from permissive-indulgent and permissive-indifferent parents. In addition, children form authoritative parents had higher Intellectual and School Status scores than children form permissive-indulgent parents. Finally, parental warmth had a significant impact on the Behavioral Adjustment, Intellectual and School Status, and Freedom from Anxiety domains of self-concept, and parental control significantly impacted the Behavioral Adjustment domain.
Approach Length and its Effect Upon Personal Space
Authors:   , London David
Published: February 2023

The effect of approach length on personal space (PS) was studied and then compared with the influence of environmental setting on PS. PS is defined as an area with invisible boundaries immediately surrounding the individual. The dimensions of this area vary from person to person. Twenty one male and 24 female volunteers were each instructed to control the placement of two stimulus persons (a substitute and a classmate) who were about to engage in a discussion. Subjects (Ss) approached from four points which were 81, 162, 243, 324 inches from a goal; and under two approach modes (substitute approached classmate and vice versa). Ss directed stimulus persons, one at a time, to begin an approach then stop at a distance appropriate for comfortable conversation. Approach lengths were significantly different and directly related to interaction distance. Sex differences were not found, even though mean PS for males was greater than for females. Among studies reviewed, only Trego (1969) had significantly greater PS for females. There was no modal effect. In light of the small number of PS studies reported in the literature, procedures and suggestions for the development of further research were proposed.
Lovely Hungers
Authors:   , Fulton Brianne
Published: February 2023

In Lovely Hungers I explore women's desires through the template of the decorative ceramic collectible. I emulate music boxes and princess figurines because they are targeted exclusively at the female consumer, and were the earliest version of commercial femininity to which I was exposed . I became infatuated with them swallowing their simplistic message hook, line, and sinker, only to be confronted with the complexities of my gender at a later age. Many women enjoyed the same items in childhood, and my hope is that the viewer relates to my tongue-in-cheek references to these endearing, yet saleable objects because of that shared personal history.
Polymorphism In The PrPC Prion Protein Gene In Pigs
Authors:   , Paudyal Anuja
Published: February 2023

Protein coding regions of the PrPC gene in 51 pigs belonging to 3 breeds namely Hampshire, Yorkshire, Blue Butt Cross (blue spotted cross from a Hampshire X Yorkshire), and a wild pig were studied. These breeds are used nationwide for commercial purposes. The PrPC gene of the pigs that code for prion proteins were sequenced and studied. Deletions of the octapeptide (WGQPHGGG) were observed in 13 samples that belongs to the crossbreed Dark Cross sow 71 by Blue Butt Boar (Gummy bear). This hydrophobic repeat has been used in experiments as a model to investigate neurodegeneration in prion diseases. Also, it was used as vaccine where the octapeptide sequence was administered in a liposomal bilayer and when administered to an animal, the vaccine elicited a local or systemic, immunogen-specific immune response against amyloid proteins, peptides or fragments. In previous studies, prion proteins commonly have five or six repeats, while in this study, four octarepeats were obtained in all samples except the few that contained only three octarepeats. The presence of the octapeptide is said to be correlated with increased susceptibility of prion disease. If this is the case, these individuals may be less susceptible to prion disease as compared to other breeds. Still, research needs to be done to confirm this. Those sequences were then compared with the PrPC genes of other mammals. Based on these sequences, a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Also, the gender of the pigs does not seem to play role in whether the octapeptide deletion occurs.
International Standards for Data Communications Technologies
Authors:   , Zheng Ke-Ting
Published: February 2023

Data communications has been identified as a new technology in the communication field. It involves hardware methods people use to exchange information. The new technologies have had tremendous impact on the tradition communication methods. It was the goal of this thesis to clarify standards which have been established for guaranteeing successful data communication, thereby making human communication more efficient and effective. After surveying the existing literature, the results of the study described international standards within three major data communication areas: Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model, Local Area Network (LAN), and Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN). The description provided was not technical or detailed but was confined to a presentation of basic concepts. Finally, flow charts about standards and standards setting organizations were developed.
Early Weed Populations on Twelve Cropped Soils in Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Albers Albert
Published: February 2023

The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the nature of early weed populations on some of the principal cropped soils in Ellis County, Kansas, (2) to determine the presence or absence of any “indicator species” for each sampled soil series and (3) to determine if certain combinations of prisere species occur on any of the sampled soil series. Species composition and occurrence were recorded on the 12 soil series studied. Plant species differed throughout the various soil series, although Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Link., Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad., Panicum capillare L., Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv., Solanum rostratum Dunal and Triticum aestivum L. were cosmopolitan species; while Amaranthus retroflexus L., Euphorbia dentata Michx., Helianthus annuus L., Salvia reflexa* Hornem. and Salsola kali L. var. tenuifolia* Tausch were nearly so (See Appendix I). Some of the 12 soil species supported plants that appeared to be indicator species.
Altered States
Authors:   , Russell Kevin
Published: February 2023

My art is a reaction to the events of my life. The work that I am currently creating is a reaction to moving to rural Kansas from a city in Ohio.
A Comparison of Principals', Counselors', and Teachers' Opinions of the Role of the Counselor in Selected Kansas High Schools
Authors:   , Stansbury James
Published: February 2023

The problem in this study concerned the comparison of administrators', counselors', and teachers' opinions of the counselor's role in the school situation.
The Use of Audio and Visual Aids in Teaching High School Bookkeeping
Authors:   , Nelson Dale
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper is to present effective methods of using audio and visual aids in the teaching of high school bookkeeping.
Assessing the Concerns of Middle School Students: A Comparative Study of Urban and Rural Youth
Authors:   , Waldschmidt Deidra
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the concerns of middle school students in urban and rural school settings. The independent variables investigated were residential background, ethnic background, gender, grade placement, age, and family structure. The dependent variable was scores from the Concerns Inventory. The sample consisted of 158 middle school students from two Kansas public school districts. Five composite null hypotheses were tested employing three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 140 comparisons were made plus 105 recurring. Of the 140 comparisons 42 were for main effects and 98 for interactions. Of the 42 main effects 22 were statistically significant al the .05 level. Of the 98 interactions, 16 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. rural students have greater Personal Concerns than urban students, 2. girls have greater Personal Concerns than boys, 3. girls have greater Social Concerns than boys, 4. girls have greater Peer Concerns than boys, 5. girls have greater Future Concerns than boys, 6. girls have greater Total Concerns than boys, 7. residential and ethnic background should be interpreted concurrently for Family Concerns, 8. residential and ethnic background should be interpreted concurrently for Social Concerns, 9. residential and ethnic background should be interpreted concurrently for School Concerns, 10. residential and ethnic background should be interpreted concurrently for Total Concerns, 11. grade placement and ethnic background should be interpreted concurrently for Personal Concerns, 12. ethnic background and grade placement should be interpreted concurrently for Family Concerns, 13. ethnic background and grade placement should be interpreted concurrently for Social Concerns, 14. ethnic background and grade placement should be interpreted concurrently for School Concerns, 15. ethnic background and grade placement should be interpreted concurrently for Peer Concerns, 16. residential and ethnic background should be interpreted concurrently for Future Concerns, 17. residential background, ethnic background and grade placement should be interpreted concurrently for Future Concerns, 18. ethnic background and grade placement should be interpreted concurrently for Total Concerns, 19. residential background and grade placement should be interpreted concurrently for School Concerns, 20. ethnic background, gender, and grade placement should be interpreted concurrently for School Concerns, 21. residential background and age should be interpreted concurrently for Personal Concerns, and 22. age and family structure should be interpreted concurrently for Family Concerns.
The Effect of the Therapeutic Counseling Experience on the Personality Development of Six High School Students Through Eleven Group Counseling Sessions
Authors:   , Wasinger Lucy Ann
Published: February 2023

This study investigated the hypothesis, based on client-centered therapy, (A) that there exist in the counseling relationship such therapy conditions of congruence, empathic understanding, and positive regard, (B) that these therapist conditions can be developed in a group counsel situation, and (C) that personality development does occur when the therapist perceives himself as having congruence, empathic understanding and unconditional positive regard.
Summer Vacation and Its Effects on Basic Early Literacy Skills for Elementary School Students
Authors:   , Brokofsky Catherine
Published: February 2023

This study examined whether students retain or regress in basic early literacy skills over the summer months, as measured by the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS). Archival data was obtained for 62 students who attended kindergarten in the spring and returned to first grade in the fall and for 48 students who attended first grade in the spring and returned to second grade in the fall. Each student was given DIBELS during the spring and again during the fall. Information was gathered on each student regarding whether the student attended summer school and whether the student was eligible for the free and reduced lunch program. Results indicated students who attended kindergarten in the spring, and returned to first grade in the fall, regressed on the measure Phoneme Segmentation Fluency and Letter Naming Fluency. Due to small sample size, statistical tests could not be run to determine if summer school hand an effect on retention of information. However, when comparing means, students who attended summer school showed improvement on all DIBELS measures upon return from summer break. A student's socioeconomic status did not have any effect on whether students retained or lost skills in the summer.
A Comparison of Carabid Beetle Taxocenes Between Rengeland and Conservation Reserve Program Fields in Western Kansas
Authors:   , Dunn Shaun
Published: February 2023

The carabid beetle taxocenes in two treatment types, CRP and rangeland, were investigated to determine what species of carabids inhabit those areas. In the summer of 2005, 34 pitfall-arrays were set-up in a paired design through Trego County, Kansas. A significant difference was found in species richness between the two treatments; however, no difference was found in either abundance or evenness values between the treatments. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that sites could be differentiated by treatment by using vegetation composition form each site. Carabid beetles have the potential to be bioindicators of grasslands in North America despite previous research, which states that using arthropods for environmental studies is often considered too difficult. Using on species. Pasimachus elongates LeConte, a logistic regression was able to predict the correct treatment type 91.2% of the time. This justifies the need for further research into the applicability of this species as a bioindicator. My study adds to the limited amount of literature on carabid beetle ecology in the United Sates.
Petrology of the Death Canyon Limestone Member (Gros Ventre Formation) and Some Middle Cambrian Algal Buildups, Northwestern Wyoming
Authors:   , DeBoer Daniel
Published: February 2023

The Death Canyon Limestone Member is largely fine-grained micrite with relatively few allochems. The most common are non-skeletal allochems and include ooids, peloids, intraclasts, and oncolites. Skeletal allochems are dominated by trilobite fragments but include brachiopods and unidentified fragments. Deposition of the Death Canyon was far offshore but still in shallow waters of restricted circulation. Initially, Death Canyon deposition was a subtidal, blanket-carbonate represented by biomicrites and peoloidal micrites. As carabonate accumulated a shallowing of the sea occurred and ooid and algal shoals (Tetonophycus blackwelderii) subsequently developed near the shelf edge and acted as partial barriers that roughly paralleled the paleoshoreline. Diagenesis of the Death Canyon was relatively extensive. Neomorphic spar is common throughout the unit and dolomite is locally common. Also occurring is glauconite, stylolites, and fractures. The sequence of diagenetic events in the Death Canyon may be divided into three phases: 1) syn-depostional, 2) eogenetic, and 3) mesogenetic.
Release from Proactive Inhibition in the Visual/Nonverbal Domain
Authors:   , Lohrey John
Published: February 2023

This study was conducted to determine if release from proactive inhibition (PI) could be demonstrated for visual / nonverbal stimuli as has been previously observed in the verbal domain. Forty undergraduate students received a modified version of the Wickens' Release from Proactive Inhibition paradigm in which subjects memorized visual stimuli from one category over four trials followed by a switch to a second category or a continuation of the same class of visual material on the fifth trial. The subjects did demonstrate significant build-up of proactive inhibition over the first four trials, in addition, they released from proactive inhibition when the category of visual stimuli was changed on the fifth trial. The results were found with both the traditional error measure of memory and with a new response time measure.
Behavioral Vs. Verbal Preference of Music in Relation to Intelligence and How Intelligence Effects Professed Taste and Actual Taste in Music
Authors:   , Ryabik James
Published: February 2023

Twenty-nine S’s of high intelligence were paired with twenty-nine S’s of low intelligence according to their musical knowledge and training. A verbal preference and a behavioral preference was determined for four types of music, these were: classical, twentieth-century classical, popular and jazz. To determine the relationship between types of music preferred by the intelligence groups a test of significance was used. No differences of significance were found between the two groups. A correlation technique was used to determine which of the two groups, the high or the low intelligence, showed the most agreement between behavioral and verbal preference. When raw correlations are considered there is more agreement in the high intelligence group, when a test of significance is used there are no significant differences. The results of the present study do not agree with Rubin-Rabson's (1940) findings.
The Relation of The Secondary School Majors and Minors To The Majors and Minors At The Collegiate Level.
Authors:   , Naylor Lewis
Published: February 2023

The preparation of the curricula for the high schools and colleges of the State of Kansas has been an interesting development of the ideas of the schools and the legislative leaders. The problem has been one that was filled with many complications, determined, on the one hand, by the traditional philosophy that education must have disciplinary value, and on the other hand that the education must be of practical value when the student takes his place in the affairs of everyday life.
Geochemical Analysis of Groundwater in the Hays Area, Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Turner Paula
Published: February 2023

The principal aquifer for the privately owned water wells in the City of Hays, Kansas, consists of Pleistocene terrace deposits and Quaternary and Recent alluvium. Groundwater samples from 22 privately owned water wells in this 13 square-kilometer (5 square-mile) area were collected between October 23 and November 9, 1982. Temperature, pH, and specific conductance measurements were made, and the samples were analyzed for concentrations of several chemical parameters. Each of the parameters was plotted on a separate map with the concentration (in milligrams per liter) or values indicated by contours. The geochemical analysis indicates that the groundwater from the aquifer beneath Hays is basically calcium bicarbonate type. This water type primarily is a result of the semiarid to subhumid climate of the region. However, the groundwater quality is modified by sulfates, chlorides, and sodium dissolved from the Carlile Shale, infiltrated from Big Creek, and contributed by industrial and domestic wastes.