bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Early Pregnancy Maternal pGCD59 Levels in Predicting Neonatal Hypoglycemia—Subanalysis of the DALI Study
Authors: Bogdanet Delia , Luque-Fernandez Miguel Angel , Toth-Castillo Michelle , Desoye Gernot , O’Shea Paula M , Dunne Fidelma P , Halperin Jose A
Published: September 2022

Context

Neonatal hypoglycaemia (NH) is the most common metabolic problem in infants born of mothers with gestational diabetes. Plasma glycated CD59 (pGCD59) is an emerging biomarker that has shown potential in identifying women at risk of developing gestational diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the association between early maternal levels of pGCD59 and NH.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the association between early pregnancy maternal levels of plasma glycated CD59 (pGCD59) and neonatal hypoglycemia (NH).

Methods

This is an observational study of pregnant women with a prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 29 screened for eligibility to participate in the Vitamin D and Lifestyle Intervention for Gestational Diabetes (DALI) trial. This analysis included 399 pregnancies. Levels of pGCD59 were measured in fasting maternal samples taken at the time of a 75-g, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test performed in early pregnancy (< 20 weeks). NH, the study outcome, was defined as a heel-prick capillary glucose level of less than 2.6 mmol/L within 48 hours of delivery.

Results

We identified 30 infants with NH. Maternal levels of pGCD59 in early pregnancy were positively associated with the prevalence of NH (one-way analysis of variance, P < .001). The odds of NH were higher in infants from mothers in tertile 3 of pGCD59 levels compared to those from mothers in tertile 1 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.41; 95% CI, 1.03-5.63). However, this was attenuated when adjusted for maternal BMI (OR: 2.28; 95% CI, 0.96-5.43). The cross-validated area under the curve (AUC) was 0.64 (95% CI, 0.54-0.74), and adjusted for maternal BMI, age, and ethnicity, the AUC was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.56-0.78).

Conclusion

Although pGCD59 levels in early pregnancy in women with BMI greater than or equal to 29 are associated with NH, our results indicate that this biomarker by itself is only a fair predictor of NH.
Rescue Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Systematic Review of Current Clinical Evidence
Authors: Gan Tong J. , Jin Zhaosheng , Meyer Tricia A.
Published: September 2022

Although prophylactic antiemetics are commonly used perioperatively, an estimated 30% of surgical patients still suffer from postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Very few prospective trials have studied rescue treatment of PONV after failure of prophylaxis, providing limited evidence to support clinical management. In patients who have failed PONV prophylaxis, administering a rescue antiemetic from the same drug class has been reported to be ineffective. For many antiemetics currently used in PONV rescue, significant uncertainty remains around the effective dose range, speed of onset, duration of effect, safety, and overall risk-benefit ratio. As prompt, effective PONV rescue after failure of prophylaxis is important to optimize postoperative recovery and resource utilization, we conduct this systematic review to summarize the current evidence available on the topic.
An interview with Debby Silver
Authors: Brown Katherine
Published: September 2022

Debby Silver is an Associate Professor at Duke University Medical Center and the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, in Durham, North Carolina. Debby's research focusses on mammalian cortical neurogenesis, and on how RNA metabolism controls cell behaviors in the developing brain. Earlier this year, Debby became an Academic Editor at Development, and we met over Zoom to discuss her career path and research interests, as well as her motivation for joining the Development team.
Integrated multi-omics analysis of Huntington disease identifies pathways that modulate protein aggregation
Authors: Pradhan Sai S. , Thota Sai M. , Rajaratnam Saiswaroop , Bhagavatham Sai K. S. , Pulukool Sujith K. , Rathnakumar Sriram , Phalguna Kanikaram S. , Dandamudi Rajesh B. , Pargaonkar Ashish , Joseph Prasanth , Joshy E. V. , Sivaramakrishnan Venketesh
Published: September 2022

Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with polyglutamine expansion in the protein huntingtin (HTT). Although the length of the polyglutamine repeat correlates with age at disease onset and severity, psychological, cognitive and behavioral complications point to the existence of disease modifiers. Mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic deregulation are both associated with the HD but, despite multi-omics characterization of patients and model systems, their mechanisms have remained elusive. Systems analysis of multi-omics data and its validation by using a yeast model could help to elucidate pathways that modulate protein aggregation. Metabolomics analysis of HD patients and of a yeast model of HD was, therefore, carried out. Our analysis showed a considerable overlap of deregulated metabolic pathways. Further, the multi-omics analysis showed deregulated pathways common in human, mice and yeast model systems, and those that are unique to them. The deregulated pathways include metabolic pathways of various amino acids, glutathione metabolism, longevity, autophagy and mitophagy. The addition of certain metabolites as well as gene knockouts targeting the deregulated metabolic and autophagy pathways in the yeast model system showed that these pathways do modulate protein aggregation. Taken together, our results showed that the modulation of deregulated pathways influences protein aggregation in HD, and has implications for progression and prognosis.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Nucleolar targeting in an early-branching eukaryote suggests a general mechanism for ribosome protein sorting
Authors: Jeilani Milad , Billington Karen , Sunter Jack Daniel , Dean Samuel , Wheeler Richard John
Published: September 2022

The compartmentalised eukaryotic cell demands accurate targeting of proteins to the organelles in which they function, whether membrane-bound (like the nucleus) or non-membrane-bound (like the nucleolus). Nucleolar targeting relies on positively charged localisation signals and has received rejuvenated interest since the widespread recognition of liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) as a mechanism contributing to nucleolus formation. Here, we exploit a new genome-wide analysis of protein localisation in the early-branching eukaryote Trypanosoma brucei to analyse general nucleolar protein properties. T. brucei nucleolar proteins have similar properties to those in common model eukaryotes, specifically basic amino acids. Using protein truncations and addition of candidate targeting sequences to proteins, we show both homopolymer runs and distributed basic amino acids give nucleolar partition, further aided by a nuclear localisation signal (NLS). These findings are consistent with phase separation models of nucleolar formation and physical protein properties being a major contributing mechanism for eukaryotic nucleolar targeting, conserved from the last eukaryotic common ancestor. Importantly, cytoplasmic ribosome proteins, unlike mitochondrial ribosome proteins, have more basic residues – pointing to adaptation of physicochemical properties to assist segregation.
The histone methyltransferase SETD2 negatively regulates cell size
Authors: Molenaar Thom M. , Malik Muddassir , Silva Joana , Liu Ning Qing , Haarhuis Judith H. I. , Ambrosi Christina , Kwesi-Maliepaard Eliza Mari , van Welsem Tibor , Baubec Tuncay , Faller William J. , van Leeuwen Fred
Published: September 2022

Cell size varies between cell types but is tightly regulated by cell intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Cell size control is important for cell function, and changes in cell size are frequently observed in cancer. Here, we uncover a role for SETD2 in regulating cell size. SETD2 is a lysine methyltransferase and a tumor suppressor protein involved in transcription, RNA processing and DNA repair. At the molecular level, SETD2 is best known for associating with RNA polymerase II through its Set2-Rbp1 interacting (SRI) domain and methylating histone H3 on lysine 36 (H3K36) during transcription. Using multiple independent perturbation strategies, we identify SETD2 as a negative regulator of global protein synthesis rates and cell size. We provide evidence that overexpression of the H3K36 demethylase KDM4A or the oncohistone H3.3K36M also increase cell size. In addition, ectopic overexpression of a decoy SRI domain increased cell size, suggesting that the relevant substrate is engaged by SETD2 via its SRI domain. These data add a central role of SETD2 in regulating cellular physiology and warrant further studies on separating the different functions of SETD2 in cancer development.
Actin turnover protects the cytokinetic contractile ring from structural instability
Authors: McDargh Zachary , Zhu Tianyi , Zhu Hongkang , O'Shaughnessy Ben
Published: September 2022

In common with other actomyosin contractile cellular machineries, actin turnover is required for normal function of the cytokinetic contractile ring. Cofilin is an actin-binding protein contributing to turnover by severing actin filaments, required for cytokinesis by many organisms. In fission yeast cofilin mutants, contractile rings suffer bridging instabilities in which segments of the ring peel away from the plasma membrane, forming straight bridges whose ends remain attached to the membrane. The origin of bridging instability is unclear. Here, we used molecularly explicit simulations of contractile rings to examine the role of cofilin. Simulations reproduced the experimentally observed cycles of bridging and reassembly during constriction, and the occurrence of bridging in ring segments with low density of the myosin II protein Myo2. The lack of cofilin severing produced ∼2-fold longer filaments and, consequently, ∼2-fold higher ring tensions. Simulations identified bridging as originating in the boosted ring tension, which increased centripetal forces that detached actin from Myo2, which was anchoring actin to the membrane. Thus, cofilin serves a critical role in cytokinesis by providing protection from bridging, the principal structural threat to contractile rings.
Selective Addition of Aniline to a Cage-opened Diketo Anhydride Derivative of C60
Authors: Hashikawa Yoshifumi , Sadai Shumpei , Li Jiayue , Okamoto Shu , Murata Yasujiro
Published: September 2022

The nucleophilic addition of aniline was examined using a diketo cage-opened C60 derivative possessing an acid anhydride moiety. While the imination occurred at the 1,4-dicarbonyl moiety, the aminalization dominantly proceeded on the anhydride moiety in the presence of zinc(II). The thus formed aminal was thermally converted into acid anhydride while it could be transformed into corresponding isoimide by the use of acid catalyst. The introduced aniline moiety significantly perturbed the orifice size so that the insertion/escape dynamics of a water molecule were substantially restricted.
The Historical Perspective on the Donald Trump Puzzle: A Review of Barry Eichengreen’s The Populist Temptation: Economic Grievance and Political Reaction in the Modern Era
Authors: Sonin Konstantin
Published: September 2022

In The Populist Temptation: Economic Grievance and Political Reaction in the Modern Era, Barry Eichengreen relies on historical and contemporary evidence to analyze major episodes of populism in the twenty-first century, the Trump election in the United States, and Brexit in Europe. Populism—an anti-elite, authoritarian, and nativist movement—rises in times of economic and political discontent because elites, the winners of the preceding period, are unwilling or unable to share their winnings with the losers. This review asks for a model that would allow one to differentiate a destructive populism wave and a constructive adjustment of the political system to changing circumstances.(JEL D72, D73, N40)
Review of Forging the Franchise: The Political Origins of the Women’s Vote
Authors: Aidt Toke S.
Published: September 2022

Recent years have seen several 100-year anniversaries of the women’s vote, and today universal and equal suffrage is an inseparable part of democracy. Dawn Teele’s book, Forging the Franchise, is an inquiry into the reasons why male politicians elected by male voters gave women the right to vote in the United Kingdom, the United States, and France. It offers a theory of the political origins that focuses on electoral expediency and mobilization of women’s groups and it provides quantitative evidence from the three countries. It argues that women got the right to vote when the incumbents saw and needed an electoral advantage of expanding the right to vote to females. The book is of interest not only to those who want a deeper understanding of the historical process of women’s enfranchisement or who are interested in the political economy of democratization, but to everyone with a concern about gender inequality in politics today. (JEL D72, E16, J16, N30, N40)
Σχολική συμβουλευτική και παρεμβάσεις για παιδιά με διαταραχές
Authors: Τσιμπιδάκη Ασημίνα
Published: September 2022

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Use of organic fertilizers in solar photo-Fenton process as potential technology to remove pineapple processing wastewater in Costa Rica
Authors: Bolaños Picado Dayatri Vanessa , Masis Mora Mario , Duran Herrera Esteban , Pérez Mercado Luís Fernando , López Vinent Núria , Cruz Alcalde Alberto , Alvarez Caero María Mercedes , Rodríguez Rodríguez Carlos Esteban , Sans Mazón Carmen
Published: September 2022

Background: This work studied the use of the organic fertilizers DTPA-Fe and EDDS-Fe as iron chelates for solar driven photo-Fenton process at natural pH. This process was proposed to investigate its performance on removing a mixture of agrochemicals (propiconazole, imidacloprid and diuron) from pineapple processing wastewater to obtain a suitable effluent to be reused in the agricultural sector.

Methods: Experiments were carried out in a solar simulator with a stirred cylindric photoreactor, with a volume of 150 mL and controlled temperature (20°C). The first set of experiments was carried out with ultrapure water to determine optimal iron and H2O2 concentrations. The second was performed with simulated wastewater of pineapple processing.

Results: The optimized operational conditions for both iron complexes were 10 mg L-1 of Fe (III) and 25 mg L-1 of H2O2, since more than 80% of micropollutants (MP) (at an initial concentration of 1 mg L-1 of each compound) were removed in only 20 min with both DTPA-Fe and EDDS-Fe. The effect of organic matter and inorganic salts on radicals scavenging and chelates stability was also investigated in the experiments performed with synthetic pineapple processing wastewater. The results disclosed differences depending on the iron complex. Nitrites were the principal component influencing the tests carried out with EDDS-Fe. While carbonates at low concentration only significantly affected the experiments performed with DTPA-Fe, they were the major influence on the MPs removal efficiency decrease. In contrast, the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ only influence on this last one. Finally, the results of phytotoxicity disclosed the suitability of treated effluent to be reused in the agricultural sector. 

Conclusions: This work demonstrated that solar powered photo-Fenton catalysed by iron fertilizer EDDS is a suitable technology for depolluting water streams coming from pineapple processing plants at circumneutral pH, and its subsequent reuse for crop irrigation.
Designing and Assessing a Multidisciplinary Service-Learning Course in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Natarajarathinam Malini , Qiu Shaoping , Lu Wei
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we describe an innovative design for a multidisciplinary service-learning course on supply chain management in the industrial distribution program housed in the College of Engineering at a large research university in Texas. The purpose of this course was to increase students’ technical expertise and build a mindset and skills needed to tackle current societal issues, raising their social responsibility and enhancing civic-mindedness. The course combined curricular learning with community service, applying the content of academic disciplines to practice. It brought students from industrial distribution and sociology together to help food pantries to improve their operational efficiencies so that the food pantries can serve more people and work toward their goal. In this project, student groups identified the specific needs of community food pantries. They recommended solutions to improve operational efficiency so that they could use their technical skills to address the challenges and make an impact on the communities. In addition, student groups interacted with partner agencies via technologies that aided distance communication, which facilitated partnerships in remote locations. We also evaluated this project. The results reveal that this project had an impact on students’ personal and professional development as well as the community.

Funding: We acknowledge the tier-one priority grant funding from the provost office, dean of faculty, and department of student activities at Texas A&M University.
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy After Cocaine Intoxication: A Case Report
Authors: Patel Aditya , Mirza Noreen , Ali Ruhma , Rayad Mohammad Nabil , Ahmad Asrar , Khan Ahsan
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Cocaine is a highly addictive substance that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and cardiovascular system. A multitude of adverse cardiovascular events are associated with cocaine use including arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, coronary artery spasm and myocarditis.
 Case Report: We present a rare case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after recent use of cocaine in a female without any other identifiable risk factor.
 Discussion: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a reversible cause of cardiomyopathy characterized by transient decrease in ejection fraction. Cocaine is a sympathomimetic that causes catecholamine surge and a variety of cardiovascular abnormalities. The association of cocaine use with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare occurrence, however the prognosis is generally good if diagnosis is made promptly.
 Conclusion: Physician vigilance is required to diagnose this rare cause of cardiomyopathy and reduce morbidity and mortality.
Asthma and self-management: Improving support for teenagers
Authors: Duncan Debbie
Published: September 2022

The prevalence and severity of allergic diseases is still rising in those aged 11–25 years ( Venkataraman et al, 2018 ; Mallol et al, 2019 ). An estimated 800 000 teenagers in the UK have asthma. This figure could be higher as teenagers can have undiagnosed asthma ( Siersted et al, 1998 ; BTS/SIGN, 2019).

A person-centred approach to all aspects of care is central to supporting adolescents to self-manage their asthma and therefore minimise concerns around morbidity and mortality. School nurses have a key role in communicating strategies that support self-management, and the use of tools can be helpful.
What added value can school nursing bring to integrated care systems?
Authors: White Sharon
Published: September 2022

Integrated care systems will help provide real opportunity for school nursing services to improve the care of children and young people. Sharon White explains
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization on Bioactive Complexes Containing Schiff Base Ligand.
Authors: Banoth Suman , Erukala Suryasri , Jyothi Sunkari
Published: September 2022

Synthesis of metal complexes has been made possible by the Schiff base ligand (2,2'-diphenylenebis(1,2-phenylenebis(azanylylidene)) bis(methanylylidene))diphenyl. The ligand was synthesised by condensing 3-hydroxythiophene-2-carbaldehyde and benzene-1,2-diamine. UV-Visible, FT-IR, and certain physiochemical studies validated the structural and spectral features of the ligand and metals. For Schiff bases, it was found that the N and O atoms have been identified as ligand binding sites for metal ions. Evidence from molar conductance measurements suggests that the complexes are not electrolytic. TLC analysis was used to check the total responses. In addition to the tetrahedral geometry predicted by magnetic susceptibility data, electronic spectra for the [ZnC16H10O2N2S2], [SnC16H10O2N2S2], [VOC16H10O2N2S], [MgC16H10O2N2S] complexes indicated a square planar geometry, And their activity tested for using a disc diffusion technique.
Water Productivity of Irrigated Tomatoes in Eastern Canada Based on AquaCrop Simulations
Authors: Thangaraju Arumugagounder Naresh Kumar , Ihuoma Samuel , Madramootoo Chandra A.
Published: September 2022

Highlights

Measured field harvest index improved the performance of AquaCrop simulations.

Optimal irrigated tomato yield can be achieved by maintaining available soil water depletion below 25%.

Water productivity for tomatoes in humid regions can be suitably simulated using AquaCrop.

Irrespective of the soil type, the water productivity was highest for fully irrigated fields compared to water limiting irrigated fields.

Abstract. Methodologies to predict crop water requirements in arid and semi-arid regions are well known. Humid regions such as eastern Canada pose a challenge because irrigation is normally only required for short periods during the growing season to supplement rainfall. This study assessed the capability of the AquaCrop model to simulate the effects of different irrigation regimes on field-grown tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in the humid region of eastern Canada. The experimental study was conducted at the Horticultural Research station of McGill University, Quebec, Canada. There were three irrigation treatments in 2017 and in 2019, that were based on the % depletion of available water content (AWC). The AquaCrop model was calibrated and verified with the 2017 and 2019 field data, respectively. The verified model was used to predict irrigation water requirements and fruit yield for the driest year (1993) and the average rainfall year (2001) of a 35-year historic weather dataset from 1986 to 2000, for three different soil types (silty clay, sandy loam, and heavy clay) under four irrigation regimes. Model performance was greatly improved when the seasonal harvest index (HI) measured from experimental data was used instead of the default model HI values. AquaCrop was suitable for estimating dry yield and total biomass with RMSE = 0.57 ton ha-1 and 0.89 ton ha-1, respectively, in the calibration phase, and RMSE = 0.28 ton ha-1 and 0.01 ton ha-1 for dry yield and total biomass, respectively, in the verification phase. These results indicate a very high accuracy of AquaCrop to estimate total above ground biomass and fruit yield in humid regions with seasonally adjusted HI values. The predictions showed that maintaining AWC depletion below 25% resulted in no significant decrease in crop yield and biomass, making it an optimum water management guideline for irrigated tomato production in Quebec. The findings of this study are useful to crop growers and water resource managers in eastern Canada, who seek better irrigation strategies to optimize productivity. Keywords: AquaCrop, Crop Modeling, Humid climate, Irrigation water requirement, Tomatoes, Yield.
EFICIÊNCIA EM EMPRESAS PÚBLICAS E PRIVADAS DO SETOR DE SANEAMENTO BÁSICO: Um estudo com aplicação da Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
Authors: Kistner Shaiane Pisa , Ferreira Denize Demarche Minatti , Kazmirczak Gerson Jardel
Published: September 2022

O objetivo do artigo é comparar a eficiência das empresas públicas e privadas de saneamento da Região Sul do Brasil. A metodologia envolve a coleta de inputs e outputs divulgados em 2016, 2017 e 2018 pelas empresas estaduais: Companhia Catarinense de Águas e Saneamento (Casan), Companhia Riograndense de Saneamento (Corsan) e a Companhia de Saneamento do Paraná (Sanepar); e pelas entidades privadas: Aegea e Iguá Saneamento. Para avaliar e comparar a eficiência entre elas, foi aplicada a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Dentre os resultados destaca-se que a empresa Sanepar é a mais ineficiente em todos os anos analisados, e em 2018, as duas empresas privadas foram eficientes. As entidades estatais admitem dificuldade de acesso à universalização do saneamento básico apenas com investimentos públicos, sugerindo a implantação de parcerias com empresas privadas, provando a importância da revisão no quadro empresarial de atuação no setor e no atual plano de saneamento brasileiro.
PRAZER E SOFRIMENTO DE TRABALHADORES DE UMA REDE DE RESORTS: Contribuições da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho
Authors: Martins Felipe Cardoso D'Araujo , Volta Carolina Lescura de Carvalho Castro , Sant'Anna Eduardo Silva
Published: September 2022

Objetivou-se neste artigo analisar as vivências de prazer e sofrimento de trabalhadores de uma rede de resorts. Empregou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como base os subsídios teóricos da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, de modo a orientar as discussões entre a subjetividade do trabalhador e a organização. A partir da análise de nove entrevistas semiestruturadas e os núcleos de sentido emanentes delas, foi possível verificar como a organização do trabalho impacta nas vivências de sofrimento e prazer dos funcionários da rede de resorts. Os resultados indicam que a empresa se estrutura com um sistema de vigilância contínua, pouca autonomia aos funcionários, falta de privacidade, e um distanciamento entre o prescrito e o real do trabalho, o que aumenta muito a rotatividade organizacional. O trabalho possibilita ao mesmo tempo vivências de prazer, caracterizadas pelo reconhecimento, desenvolvimento pessoal, elogios dos clientes e uso da infraestrutura do resort.
A Comparative Study Between the Functional and Radiological Outcomes of ACDF Using Locking Stand Alone Cage And Anterior Cervical Plate With Titanium Disc Cage in Degenerative Cervical Spine Disease
Authors: Chandrashekar HS , N S Mohan , S Ashwin , Bukhari Syed Farhan , S M Nithin
Published: September 2022

Background: Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy and myelopathy are common problems for which anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is a gold standard procedure. There are various implant options available, two of which are commonly used in practice. Anterior cervical cage with plate and locking standalone cage. Our study aims to compare these two methods to know the functional and radiological outcomes after Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion procedure. Materials and Methods: We performed a prospective comparative study of 60 patients with single or two level degenerative cervical spine disease with failed conservative management. They were divided randomly into 2 groups of 30 patients each one group treated using locking standalone cage and the other with anterior cervical plate with cage using Smith Robinson approach. The clinical outcome was measured using visual analogue scores, Robinson’s criteria and Neck disability index and the radiological outcome was assessed using cobb’s angle, segmental height and segment angle with a follow up period of 2 years. Results: At 2 years follow up, good functional outcomes were obtained in both implant groups in terms of Robinson criteria, neck disability index and visual analogue scale. And good radiological outcomes were obtained in both implant groups with 93.3% fusion rates in both groups. Significant dysphagia was seen in the cage with plate group(26.6%) and significant cage subsidence was noted in the standalone cage group(20%). Conclusion: The functional and radiological outcomes are superior at 2 years follow up in both implant groups. Hence standalone cage and cage with plate technique both are equally safe and effective treatment options in 1 or 2 level degenerative cervical spine disease. Keywords: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, Neck Disability Index, Visual Analogue scale, Locking standalone cage, Anterior cervical plate, cage subsidence, Robinson criteria
Morphological identification of the soft coral, Clavularia inflata, reveals different sclerite characters across Indonesian coral reefs
Authors: Subhan Beginer , Bengen Dietriech G , Ferse Sebastian , Dzulfannazhir Fauzan , Anggraini Nurlita Putri , Santoso Prakas , Arafat Dondy , Sani Lalu M. Iqbal , Prehadi Prehadi , Madduppa Hawis
Published: September 2022

Soft corals of the genus Clavularia (Blainville 1830) have complex and difficult to distinguish morphological characteristics, making them rather difficult to identify. A paucity of information exists for Indonesian coral reefs, a complex biogeographic region at the confluence of the Pacific and Indian Ocean that covers an extensive geographic area and several marine ecoregions, is subject to several ocean current systems, and includes a high diversity of habitats. Specimens of Clavularia inflata were collected from eleven study sites across the Indonesian archipelago, morphologically described based on their sclerite characteristics, and compared among sites. Sclerite observations were divided into four parts for each colony, namely pinnules, crowns, calyces, and stolons. The sclerites found in C. inflata comprised various forms such as rods, fingers, sticks, and brackets. Morphometric measurements of C. inflata showed specimens from Kepulauan Seribu had the largest pinnule, calyx, and stolon sclerites compared to other locations. The maximum mean size of crown sclerites was observed for specimens from Maluku Tenggara Barat. Similarities in the shape of sclerites resulted in specimens from Kangean, Morotai, Tanjung Lesung, Bontang, Lombok and Natuna forming a cluster, while those from Maluku Tenggara Barat and Arborek were dissimilar to other sites. Smaller sclerite sizes in specimens from Arborek are likely related to strong currents at that site. In conclusion, there were variations in the size of sclerites across the eleven study sites, with several sites forming a cluster of similar sclerite dimensions. Further studies using molecular markers are suggested to further explore the possibility of cryptic species.
Effect of adding β-glucan in feed on the growth rate of White Snapper (Lates calcarifer) fingerling
Authors: Perdana Adli Waliul , Mellisa Siska , Hotmartupa Siahaan Jadi Yakin , Arisa Iko Imelda , El Rahimi Sayyid Afdhal , Nur Firman M. , Maulida Siti
Published: September 2022

White snapper Lates calcarifer is one of the marine fish commodities that has important economic value. The addition of immunostimulant ingredients in feed is believed to increase immunity and increase fish growth. This study aims to determine the effect of adding β-glucan to feed on white snapper (Lates calcarifer). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments with 3 repetitions. White snapper used with a weight of ± 6 grams and a length of ± 7. The frequency of feeding is done 3 times a day. The results of the ANOVA test showed that the addition of β-glucan in the feed significantly affected the growth rate of the fry of white snapper (Lates calcarifer) (P0.05). The best treatment in this study was treatment E (commercial feed + β-glucan 8g/kg feed) which gave the best growth in White snapper where this treatment was able to increase absolute weight (4.51 ± 0.29), absolute length (4 .84 ± 0.284), specific growth rate (2.09 ± 0.15), FCR (1.00 ± 1.00), feed utilization efficiency (97.42 ± 0.50) and survival (100.00 ± 0.00).
Analysis of the relationship of water quality to total hemocytes in intensive ponds for vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultivation CV TTB, Pasuruan City, East Java
Authors: Febriyani Rahmahnia , Musa Muhammad , Mahmudi Mohammad
Published: September 2022

One type of shrimp that is quite potential to be developed is the vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). This cultivation is developing with intensive technology. This study aims to analyze the relationship between water quality and total hemocyte shrimp in vannamei shrimp aquaculture ponds. Parameters measured include physical and chemical parameters, namely temperature, brightness, pH, dissolved oxygen, TSS, BOD, ammonia. while to see the health of shrimp seen by calculating the total hemocytes (THC) of shrimp. The results showed that the overall range of water quality obtained was still in a suitable condition for cultivation activities, while the highest hemocyte value was obtained from the sample in the 3rd sampling which reached a value of 3.74 x 106 mg/l. Based on the results of the linear regression test, it was found that the TSS and BOD parameters were significantly correlated with total hemocytes in vannamei shrimp (Sig. 0.05), it can be concluded that the relationship between water quality parameters that affect total hemocyte is BOD and TSS
An ecosystem approach to manage pelagic thresher shark (Alopias pelagicus) based in Kutaraja Ocean Fishing Port, Aceh
Authors: Mardhatillah Inda , Taurusman Am Azbas , Sondita Muhammad Fedi Alfiadi , Fajri Ilham , Aris Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Sharks is the dominant bycatch of purse seine and bottom longline vessels that landed in Kutaraja ocean fishing port, particularly pelagic thresher shark species (Alopias pelagicus). The management of shark fisheries  in Aceh water is not well implemented.  According to the IUCN red list, the pelagic thresher shark has been classified as an endangered species. The capture and trade of pelagic thresher sharks are regulated by CITES (Appendix II). So that Indonesia has to comply with the procedures of CITES due to it has been adopted through the Decree of Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia Number 61/PERMEN-KP/2018. However, the exploitation and trading of the A. pelagicus continues and is not properly managed. It will threaten the extinction of the pelagic thresher shark population and in terms of a negative image of fisheries management in Indonesia, in particular.  Thus, integrated management such as the ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM) is needed to solve this problem. This study aims to evaluate the fisheries management status of the pelagic thresher shark based on EAFM indicator of fish resources domain, focusing in the Kutaraja ocean fishing port. This research was conducted by field measurement and interviews with key stakeholders. Data were analyzed using a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) approach through development of a composite index. The results showed that the trend of CPUE  tends to fluctuate in the last 5 years. The total length of the sharks was relatively constant. The proportion of juvenile pelagic thresher sharks was 16% male, and 28% (female), and the shark was bycatch (1%) of the purse seine fishery, the fishing ground was getting further away and seemed to go close to the shark habitat.  Based on this assessment, one could conclude that shark's fishery resources were in 'good' category, however, some indicators need to improve through better fisheries management actions. Keywords: EAFM; Alopias pelagicus; pelagic thresher shark; Kutaraja ocean fishing port
Application of pumpkin flour to the diet of Barramundi Lates calcarifer fingerling
Authors: Yanti Riska Z. , Muchlisin Zainal A. , Muhammadar Abdullah A. , Fadli Nur
Published: September 2022

Barramundi Lates calcarifer is a high economic value fish in Indonesia and Southeast Asia countries. However, the aquaculture system still experiences problems, including the high cost of production, specifically from feed, which is due to its relatively slow growth and low digestibility. Therefore, this study aims to determine alternative ingredients that can be used in the fish diet to improve feed utilization and growth performance using pumpkin flour Cucurbita moschata. A completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 3 replications was adopted in this study. The tested diet was (A) diet without pumpkin flour (control), (B) with 5% (C) 10% (D) 15% (E) 20%, and (F) 25%. The size of the Barramundi samples was 3-4 cm on average and the body weight was 1-3 g at the stocking density of 15 fish/container. The fish fed as much as 10% body weight daily, which is divided into 2 times, namely 08.00 AM and 4.00 PM for 60 days. The results showed that the addition of pumpkin flour had a significant effect on weight gain, daily and specific growth rate, survival, feed efficiency, conversion ratio, and carcass protein (P0.05). The diet with 5% pumpkin flour gave the best results over other treatments, with an average weight gain of 0.761 g, feed conversion of 1.578, feed efficiency of 63.455%, and a daily and specific growth rate of 0.012 g and 0.738%, respectively, The highest carcass protein content was found in the control treatment with a value of 18.210%, which was not significantly different from the 5% pumpkin flour treatment. Therefore, it is concluded that pumpkin flour can be added to the Barramundi diet as much as 5%. Keywords: Barramundi, Snapper, pumpkin, feed utilization
Packaging Integrated Photonic Devices to Increase Scalability Using Laser Fusion Splicing
Authors: Nauriyal Juniyali , Song Meiting , Granados-Baez Marissa , Zhang Yi , Cardenas Jaime
Published: September 2022

We present a novel technique for attaching fiber-arrays to photonic-chips in single-shot. We demonstrate a minimum loss of -1.4dB and -1.5dB per-facet with a variation of +/-0.2dB and 0.0dB through 8-fiber and 4-fiber arrays respectively.
High Temperature Industrial Process Monitoring Using a Supercontinuum Lidar
Authors: Saleh Abba , Genty Goery , Toivonen Juha
Published: September 2022

We report online measurement of water vapor temperature and concentration in a high temperature industrial boiler using a broadband lidar employing a supercontinuum laser covering the ro-vibrational absorption spectrum of water molecules at 1.2 – 1.6 μm.
Multi-Dimensional Hadamard-Transform Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Katz Oren G. , Loock Hans-Peter
Published: September 2022

Using a multiplexing technique, we have built an instrument that captures excitation emission matrices (EEM) for every pixel in an image, gaining information over four dimensions (x,y,λex,λem) and reduces acquisition time 500-fold from conventional designs.

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First Demonstration of Silicon Wafer Inspection Capability using Visible to Short-Wave Infrared CAOS Camera
Authors: Riza Nabeel A.
Published: September 2022

Highlighted is the multi-stack silicon wafer inspection capability of the visible to Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) high linear dynamic range CAOS camera. SWIR experiments successfully image the location of the copper ring metallization between silicon wafers.
Intravascular optical coherence elastography
Authors: Wang Tianshi , Pfeiffer Tom , Akyildiz Ali , van Beusekom Heleen M. M. , Huber Robert , van der Steen Antonius F. W. , van Soest Gijs
Published: September 2022

Optical coherence elastography (OCE), a functional extension of optical coherence tomography (OCT), visualizes tissue strain to deduce the tissue’s biomechanical properties. In this study, we demonstrate intravascular OCE using a 1.1 mm motorized catheter and a 1.6 MHz Fourier domain mode-locked OCT system. We induced an intraluminal pressure change by varying the infusion rate from the proximal end of the catheter. We analysed the pixel-matched phase change between two different frames to yield the radial strain. Imaging experiments were carried out in a phantom and in human coronary arteries in vitro. At an imaging speed of 3019 frames/s, we were able to capture the dynamic strain. Stiff inclusions in the phantom and calcification in atherosclerotic plaques are associated with low strain values and can be distinguished from the surrounding soft material, which exhibits elevated strain. For the first time, circumferential intravascular OCE images are provided side by side with conventional OCT images, simultaneously mapping both the tissue structure and stiffness.
Pixel-density enhanced integral three-dimensional display with two-dimensional image synthesis
Authors: Watanabe Hayato , Arai Jun , Tsutake Chihiro , Takahashi Keita , Fujii Toshiaki
Published: September 2022

Integral three-dimensional (3D) displays can display naturally viewable 3D images. However, displaying 3D images with high pixel density is difficult because the maximum pixel number is restricted by the number of lenses of a lens array. Therefore, we propose a method for increasing the maximum pixel density of 3D images by optically synthesizing the displayed images of an integral 3D display and high-definition two-dimensional display using a half mirror. We evaluated the improvements in 3D image resolution characteristics through simulation analysis of the modulation transfer function. We developed a prototype display system that can display 3D images with a maximum resolution of 4K and demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Optical properties of obliquely deposited silver on a periodically structured surface
Authors: Jen Yi-Jun , Jao Chi-Chan , Lo Xing-Hao , Lin Ting-Yen
Published: September 2022

Oblique angle deposition was adopted to deposit silver onto a dielectric nanoimprint grating to reveal high TM reflection band associated with reversal of localized magnetic field. The TM reflectance peak was varied with deposition angle.
Optimized Solar Absorber Coatings For Efficient Thermal Energy Conversion In Evacuated Flat Plate Collectors
Authors: Caldarelli Antonio , D’Alessandro Carmine , De Maio Davide , De Luca Daniela , Gaudino Eliana , Musto Marilena , Di Gennaro Emiliano , Russo Roberto
Published: September 2022

Multilayer absorber coatings based on a Cr2O3/Cr/Cr2O3 tri-layer structure with SiO2 anti-reflective layer have been optimized to work at mid temperatures for Evacuated Flat Plate Collectors, maximizing the efficiency without solar concentration.
Structural color coatings for single junction and multijunction solar cells - optical spectroscopy, colorimetric photography, and power loss analysis
Authors: Elsehrawy Farid , Klockars Konrad , Rojas Orlando J. , Halme Janne
Published: September 2022

The colorimetric and photovoltaic efficiency of different structural color coatings, including cellulose nanocrystals, were compared with spectrophotometry, photography, and power loss analysis in view of their application in solar architecture.
Realizing full potential of radiative cooler-integrated solar cells
Authors: Heo Se-Yeon , Lee Gil Ju , Kim Do Hyeon , Song Young Min
Published: September 2022

In this study, we investigated the dependency of the radiative cooling power for various types of solar cell(SC)s. As a result, high efficient multi-junction solar cell(MJSC) is presented by introducing bi-functional radiative cooler.
Exceptional points in nanostructured thin films
Authors: Gallant Gabriel , Bulmer Kris , Bisson Jean-François
Published: September 2022

Exceptional points, where the polarization eigenstates of the Jones matrix coalesce into a unique state, were observed in reflection from helically structured thin films. Their application to ultrasensitive detectors or compact single-frequency lasers is discussed.
Low roughness surface of the aspheric fused silica substrate in the EUV by ion beam figuring
Authors: Gu Weichen , Sheng Pengfeng , Wu Jiali , Qi Runze , Yu Jun
Published: September 2022

In order to provide a high-quality substrate for coating, through ion beam processing, the surface shape of the substrate surface meets the requirements, and the roughness is optimized.
Dichroic-Meta Hybrid Solution for Optical Notch Filters
Authors: Monks James N. , Williams Jonathan , Hurst Andrew
Published: September 2022

Thin film technology has a long standing role in optical filters. With recent advancements in nanomaterials, optical metamaterials can play a role to support thin film applications through a hybrid solution to aid performance improvements.
Conformal antireflection coatings on large optical cubes
Authors: Gerold Kristin , Beladiya Vivek , Paul Pallabi , Kästner David , Saarniheimo Mikael , Niiranen Kalle , Schröder Sven , Szeghalmi Adriana
Published: September 2022

Complex 3D-shaped optics are difficult to coat with conventional technologies. In this study, atomic layer deposition was applied to realize uniform antireflection properties on simultaneously coated large, top-open optical cubes with a 100mm side length.
WO3/ITO bilayers for dynamic optical filters
Authors: Crouan M. , Baloukas B. , Zabeida O. , Klemberg-Sapieha J.E. , Martinu L.
Published: September 2022

WO3/ITO bilayers are proposed as a means of generating electrochromic devices with adjustable and controllable optical properties in reflection, transmission and absorption. While challenges remain, prototype devices show promising results.
Analysis of optical properties of transparent (Ti,Cu)Ox gradient thin film
Authors: Domaradzki Jaroslaw , Mazur Michal , Wojcieszak Damian , Wiatrowski Artur , Mankowska Ewa
Published: September 2022

Performed reverse engineering analysis showed the complex dependence of the optical properties on the material composition and the microstructure properties of the (Ti,Cu)Ox gradient thin film prepared using multi-magnetron co-sputtering.
A new spatially and angularly resolved scatterometer
Authors: Bolliand Adrien , Hartmann Edith , Lequime Michel , Zerrad Myriam , Amra Claude
Published: September 2022

We present the main improvements to a scatterometer developed at the Fresnel Institute allowing the spatially resolved recording (up to 1 million elementary pixels) of the light transmitted or scattered by a plane sample.
Progress Towards a > 100,000 Finesse Optical Cavity at 4.5 µm
Authors: Truong G.-W. , Perner L. , Winkler G. , Zhao G. , Bachmann D. , Mayer A.S. , Fellinger J. , Follman D. , Heu P. , Deutsch C. , Bailey D.M. , Puchegger S. , Fleisher A.J. , Heckl O.H. , Cole G.D.
Published: September 2022

Methods for producing and characterizing ultra-low loss substrate-transferred single-crystal interference coatings have been extended to the mid-infrared. A pair of such mirrors shows combined scatter and absorption losses below 10 ppm at 4.5 µm.
Study of Amorphous Dielectric Optical Coatings Deposited by Plasma Ion Assisted Electron Beam Evaporation for Gravitational Wave Detectors
Authors: Nuñez Carlos Garcia , Wallace Gavin , Fleming Lewis , Craig Kieran , Song Shigeng , Ahmadzadeh Sam , Clark Caspar , Tait Simon , Martin Iain , Reid Stuart , Rowan Sheila , Gibson Des
Published: September 2022

This work presents the characterisation of optical and mechanical properties of Sc2O3, MgF2, and HfO2 thin films deposited by plasma ion assisted electron beam evaporation, evaluating their potential as mirror coatings in gravitational wave detectors.
AR coatings for oblique light incidence by combining homogeneous and nanostructured layers
Authors: Schulz Ulrike , Rickelt Friedrich , Gärtner Anne , Gratzke Nancy , Bingel Astrid
Published: September 2022

Low-index nanostructured silica layers can be produced by overcoating an initial organic structure with silica and subsequent removal of the organic constituents. The silica layers can be tailored to achieve defined effective refractive indices and thicknesses. Polarization-neutral antireflective coatings for light incidence angles up to 70° were designed by combining two nanostructured layers with a few homogeneous oxide and fluoride layers.