bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applying the Metallicity-dependent Binary Fraction to Double White Dwarf Formation: Implications for LISA
Authors: Thiele Sarah , Breivik Katelyn , Sanderson Robyn E. , Luger Rodrigo
Published: March 2023

Short-period double white dwarf (DWD) binaries will be the most prolific source of gravitational waves (GWs) for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). DWDs with GW frequencies below ∼1 mHz will be the dominant contributor to a stochastic foreground caused by overlapping GW signals. Population modeling of Galactic DWDs typically assumes a binary fraction of 50% and a log-uniform zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) orbital period distribution. However, recent observations have shown that the binary fraction of close, solar-type stars exhibits a strong anticorrelation with metallicity that modulates the ZAMS orbital period distribution below 104 days. In this study, we perform the first simulation of the Galactic DWD population observable by LISA that incorporates an empirically derived metallicity-dependent binary fraction, using the binary population synthesis suite COSMIC and a metallicity-dependent star formation history. We compare two models: one that assumes a metallicity-dependent binary fraction, and one with a binary fraction of 50%. We repeat our analysis for three different assumptions for Roche-lobe overflow interactions. We find that while metallicity impacts the evolution and intrinsic properties of our simulated DWD progenitor binaries, the LISA-resolvable populations of the two models remain roughly indistinguishable. However, the size of the total Galactic DWD population orbiting in the LISA frequency band is reduced by more than half when accounting for a metallicity-dependent binary fraction for two of our four variations, which also lowers the effective foreground. The LISA population remains unchanged in number for two variations, highlighting the sensitivity of the population to binary evolution prescriptions.
SOFIA Observations of 30 Doradus. II. Magnetic Fields and Large-scale Gas Kinematics
Authors: Tram Le Ngoc , Bonne Lars , Hu Yue , Lopez-Rodriguez Enrique , Guerra Jordan A. , Lesaffre Pierre , Gusdorf Antoine , Hoang Thiem , Lee Min-Young , Lazarian Alex , Andersson B-G , Coudé Simon , Soam Archana , Vacca William D. , Lee Hyeseung , Gordon Michael
Published: March 2023

The heart of the Large Magellanic Cloud, 30 Doradus, is a complex region with a clear core-halo structure. Feedback from the stellar cluster R136 has been shown to be the main source of energy creating multiple parsec-scale expanding-shells in the outer region, and carving a nebula core in the proximity of the ionization source. We present the morphology and strength of the magnetic fields (B-fields) of 30 Doradus inferred from the far-infrared polarimetric observations by SOFIA/HAWC+ at 89, 154, and 214 μm. The B-field morphology is complex, showing bending structures around R136. In addition, we use high spectral and angular resolution [C ii] observations from SOFIA/GREAT and CO(2-1) from APEX. The kinematic structure of the region correlates with the B-field morphology and shows evidence of multiple expanding-shells. Our B-field strength maps, estimated using the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method and structure-function, show variations across the cloud within a maximum of 600, 450, and 350 μG at 89, 154, and 214 μm, respectively. We estimated that the majority of the 30 Doradus clouds are subcritical and sub-Alfvénic. The probability distribution function of the gas density shows that the turbulence is mainly compressively driven, while the plasma beta parameter indicates supersonic turbulence. We show that the B-field is sufficient to hold the cloud structure integrity under feedback from R136. We suggest that supersonic compressive turbulence enables the local gravitational collapse and triggers a new generation of stars to form. The velocity gradient technique using [C ii] and CO(2-1) is likely to confirm these suggestions.
Addressing Systematics in the Traceback Age of the β Pictoris Moving Group
Authors: Couture Dominic , Gagné Jonathan , Doyon René
Published: March 2023

We characterize the impact of several sources of systematic errors on the computation of the traceback age of the β Pictoris moving group (βPMG). We find that uncorrected gravitational redshift and convective blueshift bias absolute radial velocity measurements by ∼0.6 km s−1, which leads to erroneously younger traceback ages by ∼2 Myr. Random errors on parallax, proper motion, and radial velocity measurements lead to an additional bias of ∼0.6 Myr on traceback ages. Contamination of astrometric and kinematic data by kinematic outliers and unresolved multiple systems in the full input sample of 76 members and candidates of βPMG also erroneously lowers traceback ages by ∼3 Myr. We apply our new numerical traceback analysis tool to a core sample of 25 carefully vetted members of βPMG using Gaia Data Release 3 data products and other kinematic surveys. Our method yields a corrected age of 20.4 ± 2.5 Myr, bridging the gap between kinematic ages (11–19 Myr) and other age-dating methods, such as isochrones and lithium depletion boundary (20–26 Myr). We explore several association size metrics that can track the spatial extent of βPMG over time, and we determine that minimizing the variance along the heliocentric curvilinear coordinate

ξ

′

(i.e., toward the Galactic Center) offers the least random and systematic errors, due to the wider UVW space velocity dispersion of members of βPMG along the U-axis, which tends to maximize the spatial growth of the association along the

ξ

′

-axis over time.
Three-dimensional Global Simulations of Type-II Planet–Disk Interaction with a Magnetized Disk Wind. I. Magnetic Flux Concentration and Gap Properties
Authors: Aoyama Yuhiko , Bai Xue-Ning
Published: March 2023

Giant planets embedded in protoplanetary disks (PPDs) can create annulus density gaps around their orbits in the type-II regime, potentially responsible for the ubiquity of annular substructures observed in PPDs. Although a substantial amount of works studying type-II planetary migration and gap properties have been published, they have almost exclusively all been conducted under the viscous accretion disk framework. However, recent studies have established magnetized disk winds as the primary mechanism driving disk accretion and evolution, which can coexist with turbulence from the magnetorotational instability (MRI) in the outer PPDs. We conduct a series of 3D global nonideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of type-II planet–disk interactions applicable to the outer PPDs. Our simulations properly resolve the MRI turbulence and accommodate the MHD disk wind. We found that the planet triggers the poloidal magnetic flux concentration around its orbit. The concentrated magnetic flux strongly enhances angular momentum removal in the gap, which is along the inclined poloidal field through a strong outflow emanating from the disk surface outward to the planet gap. The resulting planet-induced gap shape is more similar to an inviscid disk, while being much deeper, which can be understood from a simple inhomogeneous wind torque prescription. The corotation region is characterized by a fast trans-sonic accretion flow that is asymmetric in azimuth about the planet and lacking the horseshoe turns, and the meridional flow is weakened. The torque acting on the planet generally drives inward migration, though the migration rate can be affected by the presence of neighboring gaps through stochastic, planet-free magnetic flux concentration.
Discovery of Two Polars from a Crossmatch of ZTF and the SRG/eFEDS X-Ray Catalog
Authors: Rodriguez Antonio C. , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. , Prince Thomas A. , Szkody Paula , Burdge Kevin B. , Caiazzo Ilaria , van Roestel Jan , Vanderbosch Zachary P. , El-Badry Kareem , Bellm Eric C. , Gänsicke Boris T. , Graham Matthew J. , Mahabal Ashish A. , Masci Frank J. , Mróz Przemek , Riddle Reed , Rusholme Ben
Published: March 2023

Magnetic cataclysmic variables (CVs) are luminous Galactic X-ray sources, which have been difficult to find in purely optical surveys due to their lack of outburst behavior. The eROSITA telescope on board the Spektr-RG mission is conducting an all-sky X-ray survey and recently released the public eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS) catalog. We crossmatched the eFEDS catalog with photometry from the Zwicky Transient Facility and discovered two new magnetic CVs. We obtained high-cadence optical photometry and phase-resolved spectroscopy for each magnetic CV candidate and found them both to be polars. Among the newly discovered magnetic CVs is eFEDS J085037.2+044359/ZTFJ0850+0443, an eclipsing polar with orbital period P
orb = 1.72 hr and WD mass M
WD = 0.81 ± 0.08M
⊙. We suggest that eFEDS J085037.2+044359/ZTFJ0850+0443 is a low magnetic field strength polar, with B
WD ≲ 10 MG. We also discovered a non-eclipsing polar, eFEDS J092614.1+010558/ZTFJ0926+0105, with orbital period P
orb = 1.47 hr and magnetic field strength B
WD = 36–42 MG.
Formulating the r-mode Problem for Slowly Rotating Neutron Stars
Authors: Andersson Nils , Gittins Fabian
Published: March 2023

We revisit the problem of inertial r-modes in stratified stars, drawing on a more precise description of the composition stratification in a mature neutron star. The results highlight issues with the traditional approach to the problem, leading us to rethink the computational strategy for the r-modes of nonbarotropic neutron stars. We outline two strategies for dealing with the problem. For moderate to slowly rotating neutron stars the only viable alternative may be to approach the problem numerically from the outset, while a meaningful slow-rotation calculation can be carried out for the fastest known spinning stars (which may be close to being driven unstable by the emission of gravitational waves). We demonstrate that the latter approach leads to a problem close, but not identical, to that for barotropic inertial modes. We also suggest that these reformulations of the problem likely resolve the long-standing problem of singular behavior associated with a corotation point in rotating relativistic neutron stars. This issue needs to be resolved in order to guide future gravitational-wave searches.
Introducing TIGRESS-NCR. I. Coregulation of the Multiphase Interstellar Medium and Star Formation Rates
Authors: Kim Chang-Goo , Kim Jeong-Gyu , Gong Munan , Ostriker Eve C.
Published: March 2023

Massive, young stars are the main source of energy that maintains multiphase structure and turbulence in the interstellar medium (ISM), and without this “feedback” the star formation rate (SFR) would be much higher than is observed. Rapid energy loss in the ISM and efficient energy recovery by stellar feedback lead to coregulation of SFRs and the ISM state. Realistic approaches to this problem should solve for the dynamical evolution of the ISM, including star formation and the input of feedback energy self-consistently and accurately. Here, we present the TIGRESS-NCR numerical framework, in which UV radiation, supernovae, cooling and heating processes, and gravitational collapse are modeled explicitly. We use an adaptive ray-tracing method for UV radiation transfer from star clusters represented by sink particles, accounting for attenuation by dust and gas. We solve photon-driven chemical equations to determine the abundances of hydrogen (time dependent) and carbon/oxygen-bearing species (steady state), which then set cooling and heating rates self-consistently. Applying these methods, we present high-resolution magnetohydrodynamics simulations of differentially rotating local galactic disks representing typical conditions of nearby star-forming galaxies. We analyze ISM properties and phase distributions and show good agreement with existing multiwavelength galactic observations. We measure midplane pressure components (turbulent, thermal, and magnetic) and the weight, demonstrating that vertical dynamical equilibrium holds. We quantify the ratios of pressure components to the SFR surface density, which we call the feedback yields. The TIGRESS-NCR framework will allow for a wide range of parameter exploration, including in low-metallicity systems.
Revisiting the Parameter Space of Binary Neutron Star Merger Event GW170817
Authors: McDowell Austin , MacFadyen Andrew
Published: March 2023

Since the gravitational wave event GW170817 and gamma-ray burst GW170817A, there have been numerous studies constraining the burst properties through analysis of the afterglow light curves. Most agree that the burst was viewed off-axis with a ratio of the observer angle to the jet angle (θ
obs/θ

j
) between 4 and 6. We use a parameterized model and broadband synchrotron data up to ∼800 days post-merger to constrain parameters of the burst. To reproduce the hydrodynamics of a gamma-ray burst outflow, we use a two-parameter “boosted fireball” model. The structure of a boosted fireball is determined by the specific internal energy, η
0, and the bulk Lorentz factor, γ

B
( ∼ 1/θ

j
), with shapes varying smoothly from a quasi-spherical outflow for low values of γ

B
to a highly collimated jet for high values. We run simulations with γ

B
in the range 1–20 and η
0 in the range 2–15. To calculate light curves, we use a synchrotron radiation model characterized by F
peak, ν

m
, and ν

c
, and calculate millions of spectra at different times and θ
obs values using the boxfit radiation code. We can tabulate the spectral parameter values from our spectra and rapidly generate arbitrary light curves for comparison to data in MCMC analysis. We find that our model prefers a gamma-ray burst with jet energy E

j
∼ 1050 erg and with an observer angle of

θ

obs

=

0.65

−
0.14

+
0.13

radians and ratio to the jet opening angle of (θ
obs/θ

j
) =

5.4

−
0.38

+
0.53

.
Bright-mode Emission from PSR B0823+26 Using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope
Authors: Chen J. L. , Wen Z. G. , Duan X. F. , He D. L. , Wang N. , Lyu C. B. , Wang H. G. , Li D. , Yuan J. P. , Han W. , Wang Z. , Yuen R. , Yan W. M. , Xiang B. B. , Dang S. J. , Wang H. , Niu J. R. , Wang J. P. , Ergesh T. , Cui S. R. , Zhang Y. J.
Published: March 2023

Using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), we have recorded over 1.2 × 104 single pulses from PSR B0823+26 (J0826+2637) at 1.25 GHz with 500 MHz bandwidth. These high-sensitivity observations detected with FAST are unprecedented. We investigated potentially interesting emission features by analyzing the polarimetric individual pulses during the bright state. The average pulse profile has a weak postcursor component and a wide interpulse along with a narrow main pulse. The pulse energy distribution of the main pulse shows the presence of triple emission modes. When the emission ceases in the main pulse component, low-level emission in the interpulse component is detected, whereas the absence of any emission in the postcursor component is shown. In the postcursor emission region, bright pulses are detected in 422 rotations with the relative pulse energy described by a power-law distribution with index of −2.52 ± 0.09, while the peak flux density ratio appears to follow a logarithmic normal distribution. The intervals between bright pulses can be described with a Poisson process with the occurrence rate estimated to be one bright pulse every 14 s. The fluctuation spectral analysis reveals the existence of a form of periodic amplitude modulation unrelated to subpulse drifting in both the main pulse and interpulse components. Furthermore, the modulation patterns in the main pulse and interpulse are found to be locked in pulse longitude, signifying some information transfer between the two magnetic polar regions.
Dust-buried Compact Sources in the Dwarf Galaxy NGC 4449
Authors: Calzetti Daniela , Linden Sean T. , McQuaid Timothy , Messa Matteo , Ji Zhiyuan , Krumholz Mark R. , Adamo Angela , Elmegreen Bruce , Grasha Kathryn , Johnson Kelsey E. , Sabbi Elena , Smith Linda J. , Bajaj Varun
Published: March 2023

Multiwavelength images from the Hubble Space Telescope covering the wavelength range 0.27–1.6 μm show that the central area of the nearby dwarf galaxy NGC 4449 contains several tens of compact sources that are emitting in the hydrogen recombination line Paβ (1.2818 μm) but are only marginally detected in Hα (0.6563 μm) and undetected at wavelengths λ ≤ 0.55 μm. An analysis of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these sources indicates that they are likely relatively young stellar clusters heavily attenuated by dust. The selection function used to identify the sources prevents meaningful statistical analyses of their age, mass, and dust extinction distributions. However, these cluster candidates have ages ∼5–6 Myr and A

V
> 6 mag, according to their SED fits, and are extremely compact, with typical deconvolved radii of 1 pc. The dusty clusters are located at the periphery of the dark clouds within the galaxy and appear to be partially embedded. Density and pressure considerations indicate that the H ii regions surrounding these clusters may be stalled, and that pre-supernova (pre-SN) feedback has not been able to clear the clusters of their natal cocoons. These findings are in potential tension with existing models that regulate star formation with pre-SN feedback, since pre-SN feedback acts on short timescales, ≲4 Myr, for a standard stellar initial mass function. The existence of a population of dusty stellar clusters with ages >4 Myr, if confirmed by future observations, paints a more complex picture for the role of stellar feedback in controlling star formation.
Magneto-convective Modeling of Low-mass Pre-main Sequence Stars: Postponing the Depletion of Lithium
Authors: Mullan D. J. , MacDonald J.
Published: March 2023

Standard evolutionary models of pre-main sequence (PMS) low-mass stars often predict radii R and Li abundances A(7Li) which are too small to agree with empirical data, while effective temperatures T
eff are predicted to be too large. There are also discrepancies in replicating the stellar age. Discrepancies in R, T
eff, and A(7Li) are reported by Stassun et al. for both components (A/B) of the eclipsing binary 2M1222-57 belonging to the young Lower Centaurus Crux association. Using the output of a magneto-convective stellar evolution model which we applied in an early study (in 2010) of PMS stars in a different young association, we show that the discrepancies reported by Stassun et al. in the 2M1222-57 system are alleviated. The models are instructive in showing why larger lithium abundances occur in magnetic PMS stars: it takes longer for the central gas in such a star to become hot enough to destroy lithium.
Case of Seckel Syndrome in a 9-month-old Girl
Authors: Kelana Andreas Dhymas Dhyna Martha , Windiani Gusti Ayu Trisna , Arimbawa Made , Adnyana Gusti Agung Ngurah Sugitha , Yuda Made Darma , Murti Ni Luh Sukma Pratiwi , Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION: Seckel syndrome is a rare case. It belongs to an autosomal recessive disorder. It commonly leads to osteodysplastic, microcephaly, and dwarfism, which are proportional to prenatal onset. Microcephaly, bird-headed-like appearance, and mental retardation are common dysmorphic in the future. This case report present a patient with Seckel syndrome and this case will be discussed comprehensively.
CASE REPORT: A patient 9-month-old girl came to the hospital with a chief complaint of growth disturbance. Her growth was not the same as her peer. She was stunted and failed to thrive. Microcephaly and a dysmorphic face (bird-headed) appeared with a broad face, prominent forehead, large eyes, prominent curved nose, and micrognathia were found in physical examination. Her organ was in normal condition. According to the radiology examination, the bone age was appropriate for the age of a newborn (<3 months). Patient had global developmental delay. Based on clinical manifestation patient can be witnessed with Seckel syndrome, to confirm the diagnosis chromosomal test is needed. There is no specific treatment. Management for the patient was growth and developmental intervention.
CONCLUSION: Seckel syndrome is a rare disease. The diagnosis was challenging and sometimes could miss diagnosed with another syndrome. In this case, the diagnosis was made by clinical presentation and laboratory examination. There was no specific treatment. We assess the patient with Seckel syndrome. A gene or chromosome examination is needed. Meanwhile, the examination was limited and need a high cost. Educating the family about the patient’s condition has been done.
Accounting of marine and coastal ecosystems at the Ramsar Site, Estuarine Delta System of the Magdalena River, Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombia
Authors: Gomez Cardona Camilo , Moreno Janwar , Contreras Andrea , Sanchez-Nuñez David , Arciniegas Moreno Nicolas , Guerrero Daniel , Viloria Maestre Efrain , Lopez Navarro Johann
Published: March 2023

The Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta Ramsar Site (CGSM) is the most important Caribbean estuarine wetland in Colombia. The site represents a strategically important ecosystem supporting the national and local economy. However, their ability to provide ecosystem services has been seriously affected mainly due to changes in land use, disturbances of water flows, man-made climate change and interannual climatic variability. These circumstances led to its inclusion in the Montreux Record, a register of wetland sites on the ‘List of Wetlands of International Importance’ where variations in ecological character have happened, are happening or are likely to happen as an outcome of technological developments, pollution or other human interference. This paper presents the first account of marine and coastal ecosystems developed in Colombia at the Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta. Following the principles for ecosystem accounting of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting—Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EA), we developed accounting tables of extent and condition of ecosystems, biophysical and monetary flows of climate regulation and fishing supply and the monetary account of ecosystem assets. Results of the ecosystem account allow visualising the importance of ecosystem services of the wetland, its capacity to provide economic benefits, social welfare and livelihoods at local and national level. Finally, we identify main gaps of information, highlight the applicability of ecosystem accounting to policy- and decision-making on economic and environmental issues and evaluate the challenges to implement it.
Numerical analyses of seed morphology and its taxonomic significance in the genus Oxytropis DC. (Fabaceae) from northwestern China
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Liu Yingying , Li Jigang , Zhang Hui , Jia Lingyun , Hou Qinzheng , Sun Kun
Published: March 2023

The lack of diagnostic taxonomic characteristics in some species complexes leave the species delimitation of Oxytropis DC. unresolved. Seed morphological features have proved to be useful diagnostic and taxonomic characteristics in Fabaceae. However, there are few systematic studies on the seed characteristics of Oxytropis. Here, we used scanning electron and stereoscopic microscopy to investigate the seed characteristics of 35 samples obtained from 21 Oxytropis species from northwest China. Our examination showed two main types of hilum positions, terminal and central, and five different types of seed shapes: prolonged semielliptic, reniform, prolonged reniform, quadratic, and cardiform. Seven different sculpturing patterns were identified: scaled, regulated, lophate with stellated testa cells, simple reticulate, rough, compound reticulate, and lophate with rounded testa cells. The seeds ranged from 1.27 to 2.57 mm in length and from 1.18 to 2.02 mm in width, and the length-to-width ratio ranged from 0.89 to 1.55 mm. The seed shape was constant within species and was useful for species delimitation within the genus Oxytropis when combined with other macroscopic traits. In contrast, the sculpturing patterns were highly variable at the species level and could not be used for species identification. Results of the cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the seed traits of Oxytropis species are useful for taxa identification at the species level, but have low taxonomic value at the section level.
La cella de Torhout, les missions carolingiennes en Scandinavie et les débuts du comté de Flandre au haut Moyen Âge
Authors: Meijns Brigitte
Published: March 2023

Durant une décennie la cella de Torhout (Belgique, prov. Flandre occidentale, arr. Bruges) fut impliquée dans la christianisation de la région située au nord de l’Elbe. En 834, l’empereur Louis le Pieux mit la cella Turholt au service d’Anschaire († 865), écolâtre à Corbie et Corvey, puis évêque missionnaire pour le Nord, et de ses successeurs. En 1990, Alain Dierkens s’est penché sur l’histoire carolingienne et post-carolingienne de Torhout en lançant un appel pour que les textes essentiels fassent l’objet d’une édition actualisée. Plus de trois décennies plus tard, la recherche historique a avancée avec de nouvelles éditions et/ou traductions des sources principales. Cet article a pour objectif de fournir un aperçu des développements récents et de dresser un nouvel état de la question qui ne constitue aucunement un récit définitif et complet. En identifiant les zones d’ombre et en formulant des hypothèses, cette étude espère contribuer à une meilleure connaissance de Torhout et du rôle que joua la cella sur la scène internationale à l’époque carolingienne, mais aussi dans la genèse du comté de Flandre à la fin du ix e et dans la première moitié du x e siècle.
Classification and recognition of milk somatic cell images based on PolyLoss and PCAM-Reset50
Authors: Bai Jie , Xue Heru , Jiang Xinhua , Zhou Yanqing
Published: March 2023

Somatic cell count (SCC) is a fundamental approach for determining the quality of cattle and bovine milk. So far, different classification and recognition methods have been proposed, all with certain limitations. In this study, we introduced a new deep learning tool, i.e., an improved ResNet50 model constructed based on the residual network and fused with the position attention module and channel attention module to extract the feature information more effectively. In this paper, macrophages, lymphocytes, epithelial cells, and neutrophils were assessed. An image dataset for milk somatic cells was constructed by preprocessing to increase the diversity of samples. PolyLoss was selected as the loss function to solve the unbalanced category samples and difficult sample mining. The Adam optimization algorithm was used to update the gradient, while Warm-up was used to warm up the learning rate to alleviate the overfitting caused by small sample data sets and improve the model's generalization ability. The experimental results showed that the classification accuracy, precision rate, recall rate, and comprehensive evaluation index F value of the proposed model reached 97%, 94.5%, 90.75%, and 92.25%, respectively, indicating that the proposed model could effectively classify the milk somatic cell images, showing a better classification performance than five previous models (i.e., ResNet50, ResNet18, ResNet34, AlexNet andMobileNetv2). The accuracies of the ResNet18, ResNet34, ResNet50, AlexNet, MobileNetv2, and the new model were 95%, 93%, 93%, 56%, 37%, and 97%, respectively. In addition, the comprehensive evaluation index F1 showed the best effect, fully verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method in this paper. The proposed method overcame the limitations of image preprocessing and manual feature extraction by traditional machine learning methods and the limitations of manual feature selection, improving the classification accuracy and showing a strong generalization ability.
DTiGNN: Learning drug-target embedding from a heterogeneous biological network based on a two-level attention-based graph neural network
Authors: Muniyappan Saranya , Rayan Arockia Xavier Annie , Varrieth Geetha Thekkumpurath
Published: March 2023

Motivation: In vitro experiment-based drug-target interaction (DTI) exploration demands more human, financial and data resources. In silico approaches have been recommended for predicting DTIs to reduce time and cost. During the drug development process, one can analyze the therapeutic effect of the drug for a particular disease by identifying how the drug binds to the target for treating that disease. Hence, DTI plays a major role in drug discovery. Many computational methods have been developed for DTI prediction. However, the existing methods have limitations in terms of capturing the interactions via multiple semantics between drug and target nodes in a heterogeneous biological network (HBN). Methods: In this paper, we propose a DTiGNN framework for identifying unknown drug-target pairs. The DTiGNN first calculates the similarity between the drug and target from multiple perspectives. Then, the features of drugs and targets from each perspective are learned separately by using a novel method termed an information entropy-based random walk. Next, all of the learned features from different perspectives are integrated into a single drug and target similarity network by using a multi-view convolutional neural network. Using the integrated similarity networks, drug interactions, drug-disease associations, protein interactions and protein-disease association, the HBN is constructed. Next, a novel embedding algorithm called a meta-graph guided graph neural network is used to learn the embedding of drugs and targets. Then, a convolutional neural network is employed to infer new DTIs after balancing the sample using oversampling techniques. Results: The DTiGNN is applied to various datasets, and the result shows better performance in terms of the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and area under precision-recall curve (AUPR), with scores of 0.98 and 0.99, respectively. There are 23,739 newly predicted DTI pairs in total.
Adaptation to the Context in M-Learning Application Using Mobile Design Patterns
Authors: Hamza Lamia
Published: March 2023

The fast progress of mobile devices and the popularity of mobile applications in the market requires complex software to be run on mobile devices without issues. Mobile devices are known as handhelds and they have different characteristics such as size, resolution, battery life and processing power. These are limitations to consider when developing an M-learning application, which can make it difficult to design and develop mobile applications for different mobile devices. Design Patterns, a set of tried and tested solutions for common problems were originally designed for desktop computers, so application of these patterns in M-learning applications might not meet its requirements such as adaptation of the content to the context of the device mobile used by learners. However, mobile design patterns that have been adapted or designed for such an environment can be used to overcome the challenges and limitations of M-learning application development. In this paper we try to propose an approach to engineering design patterns allowing the development of M-learning applications to provide an adapted content taking into account the context of device mobile used by learners. We named these patterns: “Mobile design patterns”.
Augmented Reality for Quechua Language Teaching-Learning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cardenas-Valdivia Jhonatan , Flores-Alvines Jean , Iparraguirre-Villanueva Orlando , Cabanillas-Carbonell Michael
Published: March 2023

As time goes by, it is evident that technology advances, Augmented Reality (AR) is an innovative technological tool that has emerged and has been highly attractive to users, allowing sharing information in a dynamic and realistic way. In the present systematic literature review (SLR), a search was conducted for manuscripts published in 6 databases between the years 2017 to 2022, related to the implementation of AR to improve the teaching-learning (TL) process of the Quechua language, which were analyzed and systematized using the prism methodology, obtaining as a result 56 manuscripts that supported to answer the research questions, where the various factors that allow improving the TL process of the Quechua language and the various benefits generated by its implementation were identified. It is concluded that, according to the results, the application of RA in the TL of the Quechua language is an efficient and productive tool; however, it can also be a source of distraction in the study, so it is necessary to have a good management of this methodology and of the study environment to obtain better achievements. For this reason, a model is proposed to serve as a basis for the proper management in the implementation of RA to improve the process of Quechua language TL.
COVID-19 and Living Situation: Effects on University of Michigan Students During the 2020-2021 Academic Year
Authors: Tan Barbara , Cadez-Martin Alyssa , Fox Sarah Fox , Gadepalli Samir
Published: March 2023

College students worldwide were heavily impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, as classes switched from in-person to remote. The switch to remote classes contributed to increased off-campus living. Many college students believed that they were missing out on new experiences and opportunities by living off-campus. The purpose of this study was to understand how living on-campus differed from living off-campus during the 2020-2021 academic year. A Qualtrics survey consisting of a variety of quality of life (QOL) questions was sent out to students attending the University of Michigan (U-M); participants (N = 66) were asked to assess the effect of COVID-19 on their diet, education, exercise, sleep, and social activity. This study also briefly examined the mental and physical health of participants. Independent t-tests were performed to determine if there were any significant differences between on-campus and off-campus participants in relation to the five aforementioned factors. It was found that whether participants lived on-campus or off-campus, their education, exercise, sleep, and social activity were similarly affected by COVID-19. The diet of participants, however, was affected less for on-campus students than off-campus. It is hopeful that the findings presented here will help identify problem areas associated with COVID-19 to improve the QOL of college students.
Reimagining Hum Dekhenge
Authors: Irfan Bilal
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates Pakistani writer Faiz Ahmed Faiz’s famous poem, ham dekheñge. In recent times, it has become a source of controversy for the language utilized and the Islamic-themes oriented within it, as seen by coverage surrounding the Citizenship Amendment Act protests in India in 2019. Building upon the sayings of literary commentators, this research dwells onto the Qur’anic and Ṣūfī origins for this poem, as well as its distinctly anti-colonial nature. It investigates the relationship with Faiz’s Marxist leanings, the evidently Pan-Islamic motif, and the original context of the poetry as a source of defiance to Zia ul-Haq’s regime in Pakistan by its famous singing by Iqbal Bano in 1986.
Reinterpreting de Gaulle: Nationalist or Realist?
Authors: Yang Jiahao
Published: March 2023

In the 1960s, the integration progress of the European Community into a more economically and politically connected coalition stagnated for a long time. The majority of current literature attributes the continuing deadlock to Charles de Gaulle’s personal sentiment against the European Grand Design, but does not take France’s global status into consideration. This paper argues against this view and explains de Gaulle’s realist ideology underlying his international actions using the geopolitical perspective of the internal relations within the Western bloc during the Cold War Period. By intensively discussing France’s complex relations with the United States, Benelux, and Germany, the current paper aims to reinterpret de Gaulle in the field of foreign policy and will attempt to explain why the realist understanding of de Gaulle was more in line with the contemporary geopolitical conditions.
Constructing Aboriginal Australian's Historic Past in Australian Films
Authors: Saha Ali
Published: March 2023

Culture is a dynamic entity learned through several social institutions. While books, a social institution, used to serve as the major space which educated citizens about culture, in a digital media age, media is considered a social institution that plays a strong role in reinforcing the beliefs, values, and norms that influence cultural beliefs. Of the various forms of media, movies on streaming services and their characteristics of creating a more lively and global impact took over the educational aspect of books. In spite of the growing relevance of media to cultural studies, there has been an ongoing debate on how media represents the cultures and the history of a community. Hence, this study investigates the media depiction of Aboriginals in three award-winning Australian Aboriginal movies released in the 21st century on the most popular streaming service in Australia- Netflix. Agenda setting theory has been combined with theoretical understandings of culture to understand the correlation between media, culture, and education.
Digital Storytelling in Museums
Authors: Paiva Odete , Cardoso Paula
Published: March 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, digital media has gained an increasing importance not only for individuals but for organizations as well, and became instrumental in keeping people connected. Over the last few years, museums have had to overcome many challenges and have had to increasingly rely on technologies to expand public access to cultural heritage. Digital storytelling has the potential to transform the way citizens engage with cultural heritage, and has been widely recognized as a key element to attracting the visitors of museums and other cultural heritage sites. This article presents a digital storytelling joint project between Grão Vasco Nacional Museum and some partner schools that was conducted during the COVID-19 confinement. This project allowed the participants to explore different forms of art, from paintings to sculptures, different periods, authors, and themes. This communication method went through different stages and led to the development of a successful Aesthetic and Artistic Education Project that was recognized by the Portuguese Directorate General for Education.
Scientific Fields Transfer Heritage Knowledge
Authors: Kiss Ferenc
Published: March 2023

Almost all the scientific fields transfer heritage knowledge on their own way because science itself is a mean of heritage. Knowledge management gives some models and methods for understanding how intangible elements of our culture and heritage can be transferred, including that knowledge which let us understand, respect, and appreciate the tangible and intangible heritage elements. The framework this chapter offers the reader the attributes of knowledge communities, as well as the explanation of the challenges heritage communication have to face: how to keep alive the communication channels and processes. Disappearance of languages, forgotten code and symbol systems, low capacity, and motivation for acceptance of new knowledge, the natural process of forgetting, as well as the authentication of the knowledge owner and the knowledge to be shared are just a few to be discussed to make the readers understood how heritage communication can be effective and efficient.
A Cross-Sector Comparison of Industry 5.0
Authors: Patel Parth H. , Angrish Anil Kumar , Nadda Vipin
Published: March 2023

Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 are changing the ways business operations are carried out. The organisations across the sectors have been facing challenges in managing the supply chain and logistics across the UK and the world. Industrial Revolution 4.0 has led to the use of digital technologies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of supply chain processes, such as demand forecasting, inventory management, transportation routing, and order fulfillment. Industry 5.0 is an attempt to humanise the use of potential new-age digital technologies that can for sustainable supply chain management and logistics in the FMCG and automotive sectors. The chapter also advises operation and strategic managers to follow the latest trends in these technologies and follow some short-, medium-, and long-term strategies to gain a competitive edge in the market.
India-ASEAN Economic Engagement
Authors: Kumar Rakesh
Published: March 2023

The Look East Policy of India serves as instrumental in engaging the East and Southeast Asian countries in a wider perspective since 1991. The trade share of India with these countries which also makes noted trade bloc namely the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has grown significantly because of pro-trade policies in the last decades. In this backdrop, this paper presents the facts on the dynamic impact of India's trade share with the East and Southeast Asian countries on the economic growth rate. The results show that the India-ASEAN trade share has a significant positive impact on India's GDP growth rate in the long run, while the impact is found significantly negative in the short run. The results raise the need for greater regional trade openness, hence highlighting the policy lessons and potential challenges on the part of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the ASEAN countries. India tends to gain in the short run if it extends the scope of FTA from trade in goods to trade in services.
Significance of Block Chain Technology and Industry 5.0 in Indian Banking Sector
Authors: Verma Diksha , Kansra Pooja , Kumar Pawan
Published: March 2023

Since the time when liberalization was introduced, many changes have taken place in banking world. Although in India block chain technology is still at its initial stage, many of the banks are using this technology to make their tasks easier. However, block chain technology will offer remarkable progress in the area of banking as with the help of it; banks are able to provide quick, accurate, and quality service to their customers. With the inception of blockchain technology, the banking sector has transformed, as many of its processes have become transparent, safe, and efficient as well. Under blockchain technology, banking systems are basically based on one point data base, which has dispersed ledger for reducing cyber crimes. The present chapter tries to depict the same with the help of a descriptive analysis of increase in incentives, and also the inconvenience faced by banks in recent times after the introduction of block chain technology.
Data Science in Cargo Transportation
Authors: Carvalho Anderson Fernando de Medeiros , Costa Danilo de Melo
Published: March 2023

Data science applications have the potential to offer improvements in business communication and collaboration through data science applications. In view of this premise, this chapter analyzes the behavioral changes of the drivers resulting from the implantation of a telemetry tool. A case study was carried out in a medium-sized company in the logistics and cargo transportation segment in the Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The technique used for data collection was documental. This implementation allowed identifying a radical change in drivers' behavior, resulting in reduced average speed, abrupt acceleration, abrupt braking, excessive g-force cornering, and the use of “banguela” (coasting). In this way, the tool proved to be a competitive advantage since this change in behavior increased employee safety, eliminated costs, and improved the company's image before the population.
Brand Privacy Policy and Brand Trust Reference in Online Business Communication
Authors: Tugrul Tugba Orten , Kara Tugberk
Published: March 2023

This study aims to contribute to the existing literature by examining strategic communications of online privacy policies of e-commerce brands. Specifically, the key topics and the sentiments of privacy assurances, the aspects of brand trust referred, and the privacy policy-brand trust reference relationship were explored. A total of 62 privacy policy statements on the websites of the 100 leading companies in the e-commerce industry worldwide were analyzed using quantitative content, sentiment, and Spearman's correlation analyses. Results indicate that most of the leading companies in the global e-commerce sector share information about various privacy practices positively. Although the most valuable e-commerce international brands tend to have a higher level of the online brand privacy policy, they are less likely to refer to brand trust. However, online brand privacy policy and online brand trust reference levels are not found to be significantly associated.
How Do Financial Constraints and Financial Returns Matter in Investment Management?
Authors: Sood Rohit
Published: March 2023

Brokerage houses are financial institutions that assist in buying and selling by acting as a bridge between the buyer and seller. These firms are members of the stock exchange. In India, the two largest stock exchanges are BSE and NSE. These exchanges are regulated by SEBI. In the financial market, there are various types of brokerage firms that are providing a wide range of products and services. The recommendations of buy and sell given by various brokerage houses are of use to various individual investors, fund managers, and academic researchers. Brokerage houses form a large part of financial sector and, as such, demand attention. There are many financial analysts employed by brokerage houses who produce earnings and stock price forecasts and also investment recommendations, and their opinions are reported through various channels like television, newspaper, magazines, and on social networking sites.
User-Centric Data viz Creating
Authors: Duarte Alisson
Published: March 2023

Digital transformation and technological evolution have allowed a huge volume of information to be created and shared, and this context is a valuable input for organizational decision-making. In this scenario, the need to create data sharing and visualization strategies that privilege human aspects becomes mandatory once it is people who will make the decisions. Thus, this work covers user-centered design (DCU) views, their principles, and the role of user experience design applied to data visualization as an approach that places the human factor in this process. The authors intend to inform the reader of general and key principles of the DCU that, when applied to data visualization, improve the graph, panels, presentation elaborations, and make it clearer to the audience. In addition, this approach also improves the understanding of these data, as they will be created respecting specific characteristics of the people who will use these artifacts, since the human factor will be included before creating them.