bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Customized eye modeling for optical quality assessment in myopic femto-LASIK surgery
Authors: Lan Gongpu , Zeng Jun , Li Wenjie , Ma Guoqin , Shi Qun , Shi Yue , Wang Yicheng , Xu Jingjiang , Huang Yanping , Qin Jia , Feng Jinping , Tan Haishu , An Lin , Wei Xunbin
Published: August 2021

Refractive surgery is recognized as an effective method for myopia treatment, but it can induce night vision disturbances such as glare. We present an eye modeling method for the optical quality assessment in response to the structural changes in the eyes by femto-LASIK surgery. Customized eye models were built from the measurements of 134 right eyes pre- and post-operatively. Optical performance was evaluated using spot diagrams, point spread functions (PSFs), modulation transfer functions (MTFs), and chromatic aberrations at various fields (0°–30°), different pupil diameters (2–6 mm), and initial myopias (− 1.25 to − 10.5 D). Pupil size and initial myopia are the two major factors that affect visual performance of post-operative eyes. The results of spot diagrams, PSFs, and MTFs indicated that post-operative visual performance deteriorated as the visual field and pupil size increased, and it was significantly influenced by initial myopia. Post-operative chromatic aberrations were also affected by initial myopia. As pupil size increased, the post-operative longitudinal chromatic aberrations tended to decrease slightly, while the transverse chromatic aberrations remained similar. The use of eye modeling for refractive surgery assessment could possibly provide a more personalized surgical approach, could improve the prediction accuracy of refractive surgery outcomes, and promote the invention and development of better surgical methods.
G-quadruplex apurinic site-programmed chiral cyanine assemblies for specifically recognizing guanosine and guanine
Authors: Yan Chenxiao , Chang Yun , Gao Heng , Zhang Qingqing , Peng Shuzhen , Wang Dandan , Zhou Xiaoshun , Shao Yong
Published: August 2021

The chirality of dye assemblies can be programmed by engineering the apurinic site in G-quadruplexes and selective dye assembly-based sensors can be developed based on chiral responses.
Sulphide activity-dependent multicolor emission dye and its applications in in vivo imaging
Authors: Zhang Yongbin , Wen Le , Zhang Weijie , Yue Yongkang , Chao Jianbin , Huo Fangjun , Yin Caixia
Published: August 2021

Reactive sulfur species (RSS) play pivotal roles in various pathological and physiological processes.
Acid-assisted hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol using Ru(ii) and Rh(iii) RAPTA-type catalysts under mild conditions
Authors: Trivedi Manoj , Sharma Pooja , Pandey Indresh Kumar , Kumar Abhinav , Kumar Sanjay , Rath Nigam P.
Published: August 2021

Direct catalytic conversion of CO2 to methanol has been reported by using homogeneous ruthenium and rhodium RAPTA-type catalysts in acidic media under mild conditions at the turnover number (TON) value of 300 to 4752 in 24 h at 60 °C.
Recent advances in transition metal-catalyzed (1,n) annulation using (de)-hydrogenative coupling with alcohols
Authors: Bera Sourajit , Kabadwal Lalit Mohan , Banerjee Debasis
Published: August 2021

Recent progress in sustainable approaches using (1,n) annulation for the synthesis of stereo-selective cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes and N-heterocycles is discussed.
Effects of strain and electric fields on the electronic transport properties of single-layer β12-borophene nanoribbons
Authors: Davoudiniya M. , Mirabbaszadeh K.
Published: August 2021

The electronic transport properties of β12-BNRs are investigated in the presence of the external electric field and strain by considering the effects of the substrate with zigzag and armchair edges.
Effect of high pressure on relaxation dynamics and crystallization kinetics of chiral liquid crystal in its smectic phase
Authors: Drzewicz Anna , Jasiurkowska-Delaporte Małgorzata , Juszyńska-Gałązka Ewa , Gałązka Mirosław , Zając Wojciech , Kula Przemysław
Published: August 2021

The impact of high pressure on relaxation dynamics and the crystallization process in the smectic phase with antiferroelectric properties ( phase) of novel liquid crystal was studied.
Electronic excitation spectra of cerium oxides: from ab initio dielectric response functions to Monte Carlo electron transport simulations
Authors: Pedrielli Andrea , de Vera Pablo , Trevisanutto Paolo E. , Pugno Nicola M. , Garcia-Molina Rafael , Abril Isabel , Taioli Simone , Dapor Maurizio
Published: August 2021

CeO2 partial/total density of states and electronic excitation spectrum from its valence levels.
A molecular beam and computational study on the barrierless gas phase formation of (iso)quinoline in low temperature extraterrestrial environments
Authors: Zhao Long , Prendergast Matthew , Kaiser Ralf I. , Xu Bo , Lu Wenchao , Ahmed Musahid , Hasan Howlader A. , Wnuk Stanislaw F. , Korotchenko Alexander S. , Evseev Mikhail M. , Bashkirov Eugene K. , Azyazov Valeriy N. , Mebel Alexander M.
Published: August 2021

Quinoline and isoquinoline can be formed through molecular mass growth processes in low-temperature environments.
Electron attachment to isolated and microhydrated favipiravir
Authors: Sedmidubská Barbora , Luxford Thomas F. M. , Kočišek Jaroslav
Published: August 2021

The low-energy electron-induced reactivity of the antivirotic molecule favipiravir is investigated, with associative and dissociative electron attachment being observed. The dominant associative electron attachment is enhanced upon hydration.
First-principles prediction of strain-induced gas-sensing tuning in tin sulfide
Authors: Qin Yuxiang , Shen Xin , Bai Yinan
Published: August 2021

Strain could modulate the electronic structure and the adsorption properties of SnS to enhance the gas-sensing performance towards reducing gases.
High-temperature charge transport in Nd0.25Sr0.75FeO3−δ: the influence of various factors
Authors: Nikitin S. S. , Merkulov O. V. , Leonidov I. A. , Patrakeev M. V.
Published: August 2021

The results suggest that only some of the Fe3+ sites are available for hole transport, and their fraction increases with an increase in the oxygen content.
Functionalized and tip-open carbon nanotubes for high-performance symmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Yaxiong , Xie Erqing
Published: August 2021

A facile and efficient chemical-acid-etching method was employed to open the tips of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)  and introduce functional groups, and finally improving the electrochemical performance of CNTs.
3D periodic polyimide nano-networks for ultrahigh-rate and sustainable energy storage
Authors: Ham Youngjin , Fritz Nathan J. , Hyun Gayea , Lee Young Bum , Nam Jong Seok , Kim Il-Doo , Braun Paul V. , Jeon Seokwoo
Published: August 2021

A lithographic strategy to fabricate a 3D periodic nano-network of multi-electron redox-active polyimide is proposed, realizing ultrahigh rates up to 400C for lithium-ion storage of organic anodes.
A new Zn(ii) complex-composite material: piezo-enhanced photomineralization of organic pollutants and wastewater from the lubricant industry
Authors: D. Venkateshwar Rao , Subburu Mahesh , Gade Ramesh , Basude Manohar , Chetti Prabhakar , Simhachalam Narendra Babu , Nagababu Penumaka , Bhongiri Yadagiri , Pola Someshwar
Published: August 2021

A ZnO–[Zn(CPAMN)] complex-composite acts as a piezo-photocatalyst for the degradation of dyes pollutants and industry wastewater under ultrasonication and visible light irradiation due to the low rate of electron–hole pair recombination.
Self-regulated catalysis for the selective synthesis of primary amines from carbonyl compounds
Authors: Gao Mingxia , Jia Xiuquan , Ma Jiping , Fan Xiaomeng , Gao Jin , Xu Jie
Published: August 2021

An Ru catalyst supported on the edge surface of hexagonal boron nitride (Ru/BN-e) demonstrates self-acceleration kinetics in the reductive amination reactions of carbonyl compounds under a low ammonia-to-substrate ratio.
A review on recent advances in amino acid and peptide-based fluorescence and its potential applications
Authors: Xiong Yingshuo , Shi Changxin , Li Lingyi , Tang Yuanhan , Zhang Xin , Liao Sisi , Zhang Beibei , Sun Changmei , Ren Chunguang
Published: August 2021

Fluorescence is widely used to detect functional groups and ions, and peptides are used in various fields due to their excellent biological activity.
Role of diluent in the unusual extraction of Am3+ and Eu3+ ions with benzene-centered tripodal diglycolamides: local structure studies using luminescence spectroscopy and XAS
Authors: Verma Parveen K. , Mohapatra Prasanta K. , Yadav Ashok K. , Jha Shambhu N. , Bhattacharyya Dibyendu , Leoncini Andrea , Huskens Jurriaan , Verboom Willem
Published: August 2021

Two benzene-centered tripodal DGA ligands (LI and LII) were used for the extraction of Am3+/Eu3+ from HNO3 medium into n-dodecane modified with various amounts of isodecanol. Luminescence spectroscopy and EXAFS studies were carried out for structural information.
A cationic on–off fluorescent sensor with AIE properties for heparin and protamine detection
Authors: Zhou Yingxi , Jiang Hongbo , Wang Yuting , Zhao Song , Hu Lianzhe , Zhang Yan
Published: August 2021

In this research, a distyryl-anthracene derivative (DSAI) with two quaternary ammonium groups was synthesized for highly sensitive detection of heparin and protamine.
Ultrafast, green and recyclable photoRDRP in an ionic liquid towards multi-stimuli responsive amphiphilic copolymers
Authors: Mohammad Sk Arif , Kumar Devendra , Alam Md. Mehboob , Banerjee Sanjib
Published: August 2021

A simple and inexpensive method for ultrafast and recyclable photoRDRP in an ionic liquid is developed, yielding low dispersity poly(glycidyl methacrylate) and well-defined amphiphilic multi-stimuli responsive diblock copolymers thereof.
Defective two-dimensional layered heterometallic phosphonates as highly efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalysts
Authors: Yan Chong-Chong , Tang Si-Fu
Published: August 2021

Two-dimensional metal phosphonates can be used as OER catalysts directly and their catalytic performances can be improved greatly by combining heterometal doping and defect engineering methods.
Controllable synthesis of multidimensional carboxylic acid-based NiFe MOFs as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution
Authors: Yue Kaihang , Liu Jianglin , Xia Chenfeng , Zhan Ke , Wang Ping , Wang Xianying , Yan Ya , Xia Bao Yu
Published: August 2021

Controllable synthesis of multidimensional carboxylic acid-based NiFe MOFs is realized by a simple solvent-assisted strategy as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution.
Amine hydrochloride salts as bifunctional reagents for the radical aminochlorination of maleimides
Authors: Zhang Wenliang , Yao Yujing , Xu Yaling , Zhou Xueying , Wu Ge
Published: August 2021

Amine hydrochloride salts have been typically used as amination reagents.
Ligand-based pharmacophore modeling and molecular dynamic simulation approaches to identify putative MMP-9 inhibitors
Authors: Sanapalli Bharat Kumar Reddy , Yele Vidyasrilekha , Jupudi Srikanth , Karri Veera Venkata Satyanarayana Reddy
Published: August 2021

MMP-9 is a calcium-dependent zinc endopeptidase that plays a crucial role in various diseases and is a ubiquitous target for many classes of drugs.
Contributions to cytochrome c inner- and outer-sphere reorganization energy
Authors: Chattopadhyay Samir , Mukherjee Manjistha , Kandemir Banu , Bowman Sarah E. J. , Bren Kara L. , Dey Abhishek
Published: August 2021

Efficient delocalization of the redox-active molecular orbital (RAMO) in HtWT results in an increase in HAB value which in turn accelerates the electron transfer (ET) rate in spite of the higher reorganization energy (λ) than the HtQ64V mutant.
A network model of transient polymers: exploring the micromechanics of nonlinear viscoelasticity
Authors: Wagner Robert J. , Hobbs Ethan , Vernerey Franck J.
Published: August 2021

Dynamic networks contain reversible bonds that impart them with viscoelasticity and self-healing. We introduce a mesoscopic model to explore the microstructural origins of global network mechanics while reaffirming limits of the continuum approach.
Amorphization driven Na-alloying in SixGe1−x alloy nanowires for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Abdul Ahad Syed , Kilian Seamus , Zubair Maria , Lebedev Vasily A. , McNamara Karrina , Ryan Kevin M. , Kennedy Tadhg , Geaney Hugh
Published: August 2021

The incorporation of Ge into SixGe1−x alloy NWs with their amorphization boosted their performance in Na-ion batteries as compared to parent a-Si and a-Ge NWs.
Propelling polysulfide redox conversion by d-band modulation for high sulfur loading and low temperature lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zeng Pan , Liu Cheng , Cheng Chen , Yuan Cheng , Dai Kehua , Mao Jing , Zheng Lirong , Zhang Jing , Chang Lo-Yueh , Haw Shu-Chih , Chan Ting-Shan , Lin Haiping , Zhang Liang
Published: August 2021

Alloying metallic Ni with Fe realizes the upshift of d-band center towards Fermi level, and thus regulates polysulfide adsorbability to accelerate their catalytic conversion.
Recent advances in the electrocatalytic synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid from 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural
Authors: Zhao Yiyue , Cai Mengke , Xian Jiahui , Sun Yamei , Li Guangqin
Published: August 2021

This review concentrates on recent advances in the electrocatalytic synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid from 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and provide an insight into the catalyst design. The catalysts are classified according to their composition.
Electrochemical activation strategies of a novel high entropy amorphous V-based cathode material for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Shangshang , Liu Zhenjiang , Li Lun , Tang Yudie , Li Shengkai , Huang Haitao , Zhang Haiyan
Published: August 2021

Two electrochemical activation strategies induce the activation of the amorphous high entropy VxOy@C as a high-performance cathode material for AZIBs.
Radar target shape recognition using a gated recurrent unit based on RCS time series' statistical features by sliding window segmentation
Authors: Ye Lv , Hu ShengBo , Yan TingTing , Meng Xin , Zhu ManQin , Xu RuiZe
Published: August 2021

The radar cross section (RCS) is an important parameter that reflects the scattering characteristics of radar targets. Based on the monostatic radar RCS time series' statistical features by sliding window segmentation, a novel sliding window‐statistical‐gated recurrent unit (SW‐S‐GRU) method for radar target recognition (RTR) is proposed using a GRU. The sliding window method divides the RCS time series into many segments for obtaining the statistical features as the input of the GRU. The deeper features are extracted from the segmented time series and then classified by the GRU. Under the model of precession motion, simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a great recognition accuracy. Even under the condition of a low SNR, the proposed method can obtain better recognition accuracy. For the precession dataset, the effect of sliding window parameters on RTR is analysed. The simulation results show that the recognition result of the model is better using the longer series overlap length between adjacent times. And when the number of hidden layers is 8 or above 8, the recognition accuracy does not change. Using the publicly available measured drone RCS data, the proposed method can also identify the drone well.
Using classical Cepheids to study the far side of the Milky Way disk
Authors: Minniti J. H. , Zoccali M. , Rojas-Arriagada A. , Minniti D. , Sbordone L. , Contreras Ramos R. , Braga V. F. , Catelan M. , Duffau S. , Gieren W. , Marconi M. , Valcarce A. A. R.
Published: August 2021

In an effort to improve our understanding of the spiral arm structure of the Milky Way, we use classical Cepheids (CCs) to increase the number of young tracers on the far side of the Galactic disk with accurately determined distances. We used a sample of 30 CCs that were discovered using near-infrared photometry from the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea survey (VVV) and classified based on their radial velocities and metallicities. We combined them with another 20 CCs from the literature for which VVV photometry is available. We used the compiled sample of CCs with homogeneously computed distances based on VVV infrared photometry as a proof of concept to trace the spiral structure in the poorly explored far side of the disk. Although the use of CCs has some caveats, these variables are currently the only available young tracers on the far side of the disk for which a numerous sample with accurate distances can be obtained. Therefore, a larger sample could allow us to make a significant step forward in our understanding of the Milky Way disk as a whole. We present preliminary evidence that CCs favor the following: a spiral arm model with two main arms (Perseus and Scutum-Centaurus) that branch out into four arms at Galactocentric distances, RGC ≳ 5−6 kpc; the extension of the Scutum-Centaurus arm behind the Galactic center; and a possible connection between the Perseus arm and the Norma tangency direction. The current sample of CCs on the far side of the Galaxy are in the mid-plane, which argues against the presence of a severely warped disk at small Galactocentric distances (RGC ≲ 12 kpc) in the studied area. The discovery and characterization of CCs at near-infrared wavelengths appears to be a promising tool to complement studies based on other spiral arm tracers and extend them to the far side of our Galaxy.
A2A: 21 000 bulge stars from the ARGOS survey with stellar parameters on the APOGEE scale
Authors: Wylie S. M. , Gerhard O. E. , Ness M. K. , Clarke J. P. , Freeman K. C. , Bland-Hawthorn J.
Published: August 2021

Aims. Spectroscopic surveys have by now collectively observed tens of thousands of stars in the bulge of our Galaxy. However, each of these surveys had unique observing and data processing strategies that led to distinct stellar parameter and abundance scales. Because of this, stellar samples from different surveys cannot be directly combined.

Methods. Here we use the data-driven method, The Cannon, to bring 21 000 stars from the ARGOS bulge survey, including 10 000 red clump stars, onto the parameter and abundance scales of the cross-Galactic survey, APOGEE, obtaining rms precisions of 0.10 dex, 0.07 dex, 74 K, and 0.18 dex for [Fe/H], [Mg/Fe], Teff, and log(g), respectively. The re-calibrated ARGOS survey – which we refer to as the A2A survey – is combined with the APOGEE survey to investigate the abundance structure of the Galactic bulge.

Results. We find X-shaped [Fe/H] and [Mg/Fe] distributions in the bulge that are more pinched than the bulge density, a signature of its disk origin. The mean abundance along the major axis of the bar varies such that the stars are more [Fe/H]-poor and [Mg/Fe]-rich near the Galactic centre than in the outer bulge and the long bar region. The vertical [Fe/H] and [Mg/Fe] gradients vary between the inner bulge and the long bar, with the inner bulge showing a flattening near the plane that is absent in the long bar. The [Fe/H] − [Mg/Fe] distribution shows two main maxima, an ‘[Fe/H]-poor [Mg/Fe]- rich’ maximum and an ‘[Fe/H]-rich [Mg/Fe]-poor’ maximum, that vary in strength with position in the bulge. In particular, the outer long bar close to the Galactic plane is dominated by super-solar [Fe/H], [Mg/Fe]-normal stars. Stars composing the [Fe/H]-rich maximum show little kinematic dependence on [Fe/H], but for lower [Fe/H] the rotation and dispersion of the bulge increase slowly. Stars with [Fe/H] < −1 dex have a very different kinematic structure than stars with higher [Fe/H].

Conclusions. Comparing with recent models for the Galactic boxy-peanut bulge, the abundance gradients and distribution, and the relation between [Fe/H] and kinematics suggests that the stars comprising each maximum have separate disk origins with the ‘[Fe/H]-poor [Mg/Fe]-rich’ stars originating from a thicker disk than the ‘[Fe/H]-rich [Mg/Fe]-poor’ stars.
Relationship between maximum principle and dynamic programming in presence of intermediate and final state constraints
Authors: Bokanowski Olivier , Désilles Anya , Zidani Hasnaa
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we consider a class of optimal control problems governed by a differential system. We analyze the sensitivity relations satisfied by the co-state arc of the Pontryagin maximum principle and the value function that associates the optimal value of the control problem to the initial time and state. Such a relationship has been already investigated for state-constrained problems under some controllability assumptions to guarantee Lipschitz regularity property of the value function. Here, we consider the case with intermediate and final state constraints, without any controllability assumption on the system, and without Lipschitz regularity of the value function. Because of this lack of regularity, the sensitivity relations cannot be expressed with the sub-differentials of the value function. This work shows that the constrained problem can be reformulated with an auxiliary value function which is more regular and suitable to express the sensitivity of the adjoint arc of the original state-constrained control problem along an optimal trajectory. Furthermore, our analysis covers the case of normal optimal solutions, and abnormal solutions as well.
Research on cogging torque optimization design of permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine
Authors: Chen Lei , Xing Zuoxia , Zhu Bowen , Wang Dongrui , Gao Yuzhang , Wang Xiaoqi
Published: August 2021

Cogging torque is one of the unique problems of permanent magnet generators. Its main cause is the uneven distribution of the generator’s magnetic permeability, which directly affects the starting and running performance of the generator. The study of cogging torque suppression methods is of great significance for improving the operating stability and service life of generators. Through the analysis of the principle of cogging torque, an optimization method for the amplitude of cogging torque based on Taguchi algorithm for the two parameters of pole arc coefficient and skew angle is established. And the finite element analysis method is used to quantitatively compare the characteristic parameters of the generator model before and after the optimization by Taguchi algorithm. The results show that when the pole arc coefficient and the angle of the chute are in the optimal value at the same time, the cogging torque of the generator can be greatly reduced, and its air gap magnetic density waveform and induced electromotive force waveform are ideal, which provides a research method for the design and parameter optimization of large megawatt permanent magnet synchronous wind turbines.
Economic analysis for centralized battery energy storage system with reused battery from EV in Australia
Authors: Meng Yunfan
Published: August 2021

With battery energy storage technology development, the centralized battery energy storage system (CBESS) has a broad prospect in developing electricity. In the meantime, the retired lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles (EV) offer a new option for battery energy storage systems (BESS). This paper studies the centralized reused battery energy storage system (CRBESS) in South Australia by replacing the new lithium-ion batteries with lithium-ion second-life batteries (SLB) and evaluating the economic benefits with economic indicators as net present value (NPV), discounted payback period (DPBP), Internal rate of return (IRR) to depict a comprehensive understanding of the development potential of the CRBESS with the lithium-ion SLB as the energy storage system. This paper proposes a calculation method of frequency control ancillary services (FCAS) revenue referring to market share rate (MSR) when building the economic model. Moreover, the residual value of lithium-ion batteries is considered. This paper uses the economic model to calculate the profitability and development potential of CRBESS. From an economic perspective, the superiority and feasibility of CRBESS compared with CBESS were analyzed.
Research on the transformation and upgrading of new energy vehicles industry under the background of digital economy
Authors: Lv Hongfen , Wang Yang
Published: August 2021

The digital economy has increasingly become an important force to promote the development of social production, which will play an extremely important role in the integration of resources worldwide and the internationalization of industrial chains in various countries. Countries all over the world are working hard to promote the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy. The distinctive features of digital industrialization and industrial digital economic development have become the main signs that society has entered a new stage of digital productivity. While digital technology brings convenience to people, it also has a profound impact on industrial transformation. This article mainly explores the current serious environmental pollution that makes new energy vehicles the focus of attention of all countries in the world, the challenges and opportunities that new energy vehicles encounter in the digital economy era, and how new energy automobile companies should make good use of the advantages of the digital economy to build China. “Smart” manufacturing, vigorously develop Chinese’s new energy vehicles industry.
Research on the application of epoxy surface in the pavement maintenance of the Yilaga Tunnel in Guizhou Province
Authors: Tian Miaomiao , Wu Xiangyan , Chen Xiangling , Xiong Xingbing , Yang Jianping
Published: August 2021

There are high mountains and steep roads in Guizhou Province. Affected by the relatively closed environment, high humidity and other factors, the skid resistance and durability of the highway in tunnels were obviously reduced, which affects the normal operation of the asphalt pavement. Based on the pavement maintenance project of the highway in the Yilaga Tunnel in Guizhou Province, a new kind of epoxy surface treatment maintenance technology for asphalt pavement has been introduced in this paper. Through the comparative analysis of friction coefficient, structural depth and other anti-sliding performance before and after construction, the results has shown that the technology can effectively solve the early diseases and significantly improve the anti-sliding performance of the pavement, and assist to reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents.
Spatial unevenness of innovative and technological development of the territories of the Russian Federation
Authors: Smirnova Olga , Сhesnyukova Lyudmila
Published: August 2021

The study covers the topical aspects of the innovative and technological development of the Russian Federation from the standpoint of territorial unevenness. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the factors of innovative and technological development of the federal districts of Russia has been carried out, the specificity of regional development has been investigated. The spatial analysis of the territories made it possible to conclude that there is a significant territorial concentration and differentiation in terms of innovative activity indicators. The paper shows a significant territorial disparity in the distribution of developed advanced production technologies. The structure of R&D organizations has been displayed, it has been noted that the bulk of the organizations is concentrated in the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation. A spatial analysis of the territories of the Russian Federation from the standpoint of the innovative and technological potential made it possible to distinguish territories by the type of innovative development: 1) territories with a high level and an upward trend of innovative and technological development; 2) territories with a high level and a downward trend of innovative and technological development; 3) territories with a low level and an upward trend of innovative and technological development; 4) territories with a low level and a downward trend of innovative and technological development.
Regional distribution of public-private partnership projects: case of Russia
Authors: Kuzmin Evgeny , Zinatullina Elza , Mezentseva Elena
Published: August 2021

In Russia, regional differentiation poses a threat to the development sustainability. The infrastructural gap between regions is a fundamental aspect of this differentiation. To explore possible solutions to this problem, we discuss the proactive attitude towards implementation of public-private partnership projects as an option for bridging the infrastructure gap. That is why we explore distribution dynamics and structure in the context of private partnership projects in Russia in 2007-2020. Based on findings, we concluded the following: first, as for the public-private partnership projects completed, their distribution across federal districts in Russia, as well as across economy sectors is uneven. Second, distribution of investments in implementation of public-private partnership projects by federal districts corresponds to quantitative distribution of projects. Third, distribution of investments in implementation of public-private partnership projects across sectors coincides with distribution of the projects completed. So, we might conclude that in some regions, public-private partnership projects are more capital-intensive and large-scale than in others. This might lead to increased regional differentiation. Overall implementation dynamics of public-private partnership projects in Russia suggests that their capacity is still in low demand.
Models of regional competitiveness: priority influencing factors
Authors: Čajková Andrea , Romanova Evgenya , Tolstikova Svetlana , Abushkin Boris
Published: August 2021

This study examines the conceptual background to specific aspects of competitiveness and examines one of the fundamental models for improving regional competitiveness. Regional competitiveness is an important factor of achieving economic growth and increasing the well-being. It plays a decisive role in enhancing the productivity and the economic performance of state and business enterprises and can also be used as a measure for the success of these enterprises as well as the proxy for their degree of openness to national and international competition and foreign trade. Furthermore, we present a theory of the movement of labour capital between regions and countries. Moreover, we show that factor allocation deviates from the most efficient outcome when the market is not working.
Medicinal Plants for Prophylaxis and Therapy of Common Infectious Diseases In Poultry–A Systematic Review of In Vivo Studies
Authors: Farinacci Patricia , Mevissen Meike , Ayrle Hannah , Maurer Veronika , Sørensen Dalgaard Tina , Melzig Matthias F. , Walkenhorst Michael
Published: August 2021

Medicinal plants for prophylaxis and therapy of common infectious diseases in poultry have been studied for several years. The goal of this review was to systematically identify plant species and evaluate their potential in prophylaxis and therapy of common diseases in poultry caused by bacteria and gastrointestinal protozoa. The procedure followed the recommendations of the PRISMA statement and the AMSTAR measurement tool. The PICOS scheme was used to design the research questions. Two databases were consulted, and publications were manually selected, according to predefined in- and exclusion criteria. A scoring system was established to evaluate the remaining publications. Initially, 4197 identified publications were found, and 77 publications remained after manual sorting, including 38 publications with 70 experiments on bacterial infections and 39 publications with 78 experiments on gastrointestinal protozoa. In total, 83 plant species from 42 families were
identified. Asteraceae and Lamiaceae were the most frequently found families with Artemisia annua being the most frequently found plant, followed by Origanum vulgare. As compared to placebo and positive or negative control groups, antimicrobial effects were found in 46 experiments, prebiotic effects in 19 experiments, and antiprotozoal effects in 47 experiments. In summary, a total of 274 positive effects predominated over 241 zero effects and 37 negative effects. Data indicate that O. vulgare, Coriandrum sativum, A. annua, and Bidens pilosa are promising plant species for prophylaxis and therapy of bacterial and protozoal diseases in poultry.
Endoscopy in patients on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy: British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guideline update
Authors: Veitch Andrew M. , Radaelli Franco , Alikhan Raza , Dumonceau Jean-Marc , Eaton Diane , Jerrome Jo , Lester Will , Nylander David , Thoufeeq Mo , Vanbiervliet Geoffroy , Wilkinson James R. , van Hooft Jeanin E.
Published: August 2021

This is a collaboration between the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), and is a scheduled update of their 2016 guideline on endoscopy in patients on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy. The guideline development committee included representatives from the British Society of Haematology, the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society, and two patient representatives from the charities Anticoagulation UK and Thrombosis UK, as well as gastroenterologists. The process conformed to AGREE II principles, and the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations were derived using GRADE methodology. Prior to submission for publication, consultation was made with all member societies of ESGE, including BSG. Evidence-based revisions have been made to the risk categories for endoscopic procedures, and to the categories for risks of thrombosis. In particular a more detailed risk analysis for atrial fibrillation has been employed, and the recommendations for direct oral anticoagulants have been strengthened in light of trial data published since the previous version. A section has been added on the management of patients presenting with acute GI haemorrhage. Important patient considerations are highlighted. Recommendations are based on the risk balance between thrombosis and haemorrhage in given situations.
CT-based Abdominal Adipose Tissue Area Changes in Patients Undergoing Adrenalectomy Due to Cushing’s Syndrome and Non-functioning Adenomas
Authors: Gündoğdu Elif , Emekli Emre
Published: August 2021

Background The majority of Cushing’s syndrome (CS) cases constitute patients with functional adrenal adenomas. In adrenal CS, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area, VAT/subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and VAT/total adipose tissue (TAT) ratios are expected to decrease in response to adrenalectomy, although no change is expected in non-functioning adrenal adenomas (NFA).

Objective To evaluate the changes in VAT, SAT, TAT areas and VAT/SAT, VAT/TAT ratios using computed tomography (CT) in patients who underwent adrenalectomy due to adenomas.

Methods Preoperative and postoperative CT of 32 patients (16 with CS and 16 with NFA) were retrospectively evaluated. The VAT, SAT, TAT areas were obtained from CT at the level of L1–2 intervertebral disc space, and the VAT/SAT, VAT/TAT ratios were calculated. The postoperative parameter changes in both groups were evaluated compared to the preoperative values. The level of statistical significance was considered as p<0.05.

Results The time interval between preoperative and postoperative CT measurements were 10.37 months (6–17) in CS and 9.75 months (7–15) in NFA groups (p=073). Preoperative CT indicated that the patients with CS had larger VAT and TAT areas (p=0.03, p=0.02) but SAT remained unchanged (p=0.08). However, postoperative CT revealed that there was no difference between the two groups in terms of VAT, TAT, and SAT areas (p=0.87, p=0.36, p=0.14). Postoperatively, in patients with CS, there was a decrease in VAT and TAT areas (p=0.01 for both) and VAT/SAT and VAT/TAT ratios (p=0.03, p=0.02) but SAT remained unchanged (p=0.10). In patients with NFA, no change was detected in the postoperative SAT, TAT, and VAT areas (p=0.12, p=0.40, p=0.99) or the VAT/SAT and VAT/TAT ratios (p=0.38, p=0.62).

Conclusions Adrenalectomy is an effective treatment method leading to a decrease in the VAT, TAT areas, and VAT/SAT and VAT/TAT ratios in patients with cortisol producing adrenocortical adenoma. Thus, CT facilitates quantitative demonstration of the changes while evaluating the response of these patients to treatment.
Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Activities versus UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS Chemical-Profile Analysis of Ipomoea aquatica Fractions
Authors: Hefny Gad Mahmoud , Demeyer Kristiaan , Vander Heyden Yvan , Mangelings Debby
Published: August 2021

Ipomoea aquatica is a common green leafy vegetable that has numerous uses in traditional medicine. This study focused on the determination of the cytotoxic, antiradical, and antidiabetic properties of various fractions of the I. aquatica methanolic extract, as well as on the tentative identification of some bioactive compounds in the same fractions. The cytotoxicity was determined by the brine shrimp lethal test. The antioxidant activities of the I. aquatica fractions were investigated through 3 assays. The antidiabetic activity (in vitro) was measured by α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays. Phytochemical qualitative analyses demonstrated the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, phenols, and flavonoids in the ethyl acetate-methanol and methanol fractions. The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were found to be highest in the ethyl acetate-MeOH fractions. The evaluation of the cytotoxicity showed that the
hexane-dichloromethane fraction is the most toxic, while the others are moderately toxic. The antioxidant activity assays showed that the ethyl acetate-MeOH fractions are the most potent, while the α-glucosidase and α-amylase assays revealed that the hexane-dichloromethane fraction might contain a potent antidiabetic agent. Some bioactive substances in the MeOH fractions, such as salicylic acid glucoside, 1-O-sinapoyl-β-D-glucose derivative, and dihydroferulic acid derivative, were tentatively identified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to detect and identify these compounds in this species. Based on the results of this study, it may be concluded that I. aquatica is a potent antioxidant agent and could be a good candidate as a natural antioxidant in food and therapeutics.
The Association between Early Gram-Negative Bacteria in Tracheal Aspirate Cultures and Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia among Extremely Preterm Infants Requiring Prolonged Ventilation
Authors: Imanishi Yousuke , Hirata Katsuya , Nozaki Masatoshi , Mochizuki Narutaka , Hirano Shinya , Wada Kazuko
Published: August 2021

Objective The study aimed to evaluate the association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) development at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA) and Gram-negative bacteria in tracheal aspirate cultures among extremely preterm infants.

Study Design This study has a retrospective cohort. Patients were 155 infants aged less than or equal to 26 gestational weeks who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital from 2009 to 2018. Primary outcome was respiratory outcomes expressed as BPD development.

Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify neonatal and bacterial factors associated with BPD.

Results After adjusting for gestational age, birth weight, sex, chorioamnionitis, Gram-positive cocci (GPC) and Gram-negative rods (GNRs) in tracheal aspirate cultures within 28 days after birth, GNRs were significantly associated with BPD development (odds ratio [OR]: 3.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.68–8.94). In contrast, GPCs were not associated with BPD development (OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.05–1.61).

Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria in tracheal cultures within 28 days of birth are associated with BPD development in infants aged less than or equal to 26 gestational weeks.

Key Points
Ideological voting for radical right parties in Europe
Authors: Ortiz Barquero Pablo , Ruiz Jiménez Antonia María , González-Fernández Manuel Tomás
Published: August 2021

The aim of this research is to examine to what extent the electoral support for radical right parties (RRPs) is driven by ‘policy voting’ and to compare this support with that of centre-right parties. Using the European Election Study 2019, we focus on six party systems: Spain, Italy, France, Germany, Austria, and the United Kingdom. Our analyses reveal that party preferences for RRPs are better explained by policy considerations than by other alternative explanations (e.g. by ‘globalization losers’ or ‘protest voting’). Additionally, the results show that although preferences for both party families are mainly rooted in ‘policy voting’, notable differences emerge when looking at the role of specific policy dimensions. Overall, these findings suggest that the support for RRPs cannot be understood fundamentally as a mere reaction against economic pauperization or political dissatisfaction but instead as an ideological decision based on rational choice models.
A high-power and low-noise 532-nm continuous-wave laser for quantum gas microscopy
Authors: Li Meng-Da , Zheng Yong-Guang , Zhang Wei-Yong , Wang Xuan-Kai , Xiao Bo , Zhou Zhao-Yu , Jiang Lei , Lian Meng-Zhe , Yuan Zhen-Sheng , Pan Jian-Wei
Published: August 2021

Low-noise, high-power 532-nm lasers are of great interest in many scientific research studies, such as gravitational wave detection and ultracold atom experiments. In particular, in the experiments of quantum gas microscopy, a large power of laser is necessary during the imaging process, while low noise is important for preventing the atoms from being heated up. In this work, we report on the generation of such a 532-nm continuous-wave laser by coherently combining two laser beams produced by single-pass second-harmonic generation. The power of the combined laser is up to 17 W. With the help of intensity stabilization, we are able to suppress the relative intensity noise to below −120 dBc/Hz. The generated laser satisfies the experimental requirements for integrating optical superlattices with a quantum gas microscope.
Propagation characteristics of compression wave in a high-speed railway tunnel
Authors: Iyer Rohit Sankaran , Kim Dong Hyeon , Kim Heuy Dong
Published: August 2021

A compression wave is generated due to a piston effect as a high-speed train enters a railway tunnel. The compression wave propagates ahead of the train at local speed of sound. As it propagates along the tunnel, the wall friction causes the wave front to distort during this process. The distortion of the wave could be distinctly characterized by the peak over pressure attenuation, waveform steepening, and wavelength widening. The characteristics of the propagating wave strongly depend on the friction factor, train to tunnel blockage ratio, and train speed. The propagation characteristics of compression wave can have a great impact on the train aerodynamics as well as the micro-pressure wave emitted from the exit of tunnel. Hence, it is extremely important to understand the propagation characteristics of a compression wave in a railway tunnel. In the current study, one-dimensional Euler equations with steady and unsteady friction considering the roughness of the tunnel wall have been solved using the method of characteristics. The effect of the blockage ratio and train speed is studied here in detail. The obtained data depicts non-linear distortion of the compression wave to be noticeably higher for the case of higher blockage ratio. The peak over pressure attenuation decreases along the tunnel length, and the waveform steepens as train speed is increased. The critical length of a tunnel where the steepening ratio reaches a maximum value is determined from the case study conducted. The critical tunnel length decreases as train speed is increased.
Enhanced annealing stability of ferrimagnetic Tb/FeCo multilayers
Authors: Heigl Michael , Mangkornkarn Chayangkoon , Ullrich Aladin , Krupinski Michal , Albrecht Manfred
Published: August 2021

In this study, we have investigated amorphous 20-nm-thick Tb/Fe80Co20 multilayer samples with different individual layer thicknesses and their corresponding alloy counterpart. In particular, the structural and magnetic properties were analyzed upon post-annealing. Up to a certain critical thickness of the individual layers in the multilayer, no significant difference between the multilayers and the alloy is observed in their as-deposited states, which indicates the importance of interfacial intermixing. With a further increase in thicknesses of the individual layers, regions with significant larger Tb content emerge, resulting in a reduced effective Tb moment. The loss in perpendicular magnetic anisotropy upon annealing seems to be delayed for multilayers with thin individual layers compared to the alloy sample. We contribute this behavior to the underlying anisotropic short-range order enforced by the multilayer structure, which hinders the structural relaxation process. At higher temperatures, the multilayers strongly intermix and Fe and Co diffuse through the capping layer. This process leads to a strong enhancement of the saturation magnetization at a certain annealing temperature, due to the formation of separated FeCo and Tb-rich TbFeCo alloy layers, until the sample gets oxidized.
Shock-induced hotspot formation in amorphous and crystalline 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazoctane (HMX): A molecular dynamics comparative study
Authors: Li Chunyu , Sakano Michael N. , Strachan Alejandro
Published: August 2021

Shock initiation of heterogeneous high-energy density materials is mediated by the formation of hotspots, and the collapse of porosity is considered the dominant mechanism behind energy localization. This is particularly important in emerging amorphous energetics yet little is known about how the intrinsic properties of glasses affect the size, shape, and temperature of hotspots in these materials. Therefore, we use large-scale molecular dynamics simulations to characterize hotspot formation in amorphous 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazoctane originating from the collapse of cylindrical voids over a range of shock strengths. We find a transition from a viscoplastic to a hydrodynamic regime with increasing shock strength, similar to what is observed in the crystalline case. Interestingly for weak shocks, viscoplastic collapse in the amorphous system results in higher hotspot temperatures than in the crystal; this difference originates from the lower strength in the amorphous samples which results in faster collapse. On the other hand, in the hydrodynamic regime, where strength does not dominate the process of collapse, the hotspot temperature in the amorphous case is lower. The simulations reveal the molecular origin for these observations.