bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Advanced Extreme-Environment Wireless Telemetry System for Turbine Blade Instrumentation
Authors: Fraley John R. , Sparkman Brett , Minden Stephen , Kulkarni Anand , McConkey Joshua
Published: December 2017

As advanced natural gas power generation systems evolve, the thrust for increased efficiencies and reduced emissions results in increasingly harsh conditions inside the turbine environment. These high temperatures, pressures, and corrosive atmospheres result in accelerated rates of degradation, leading to failure of turbine materials and components. Wolfspeed, A Cree Company, Siemens Energy, and Siemens Corporate Technology, in collaboration with the Department of Energy (DOE)'s National Energy Technology Laboratory, are developing a reliable and long-term monitoring capability in the turbine hot gas path in the form of novel ceramic-based thermocouples and wide bandgap instrumentation electronics that will contribute to the overall reliability of gas turbines. When equipped with better monitoring and controls, power plants can operate with increased fuel-burning efficiency, improved process dynamics and gas concentrations, and increased overall longevity of the power plant components. This will result in increased turbine availability and a reduction in outages and maintenance costs. The technology being developed in this program is based on advanced techniques and innovations in nearly every aspect of high-temperature electronics, including materials, semiconductor devices, subcomponents, electronic packaging, and system integration. The environment in which this wireless system must operate has continuous centrifugal loads with a gravitation force on the order of 16,000 times the force of gravity (16,000 g) and temperatures exceeding 400°C. This article will specifically discuss the background and motivation for the high-temperature instrumentation system and will explain the high-level electrical system, the construction of the instrumentation package, the techniques used for integration onto rotating components, as well as the wireless power and data transmission systems. In addition to the electrical and mechanical design, this article will also discuss results from laboratory bench testing as well as heated spin rig testing. Finally, this article will highlight the future direction of the instrumentation system evolution, with a final objective of insertion into Siemens natural gas turbine power plants.
L’eutanasia per i neonati gravemente malati in Argentina / Euthanasia in critically ill neonates in Argentina
Authors: Silberberg Augustín , Villar Marcelo J. , Mesurado Belén
Published: December 2017

Obiettivo: Analisi del processo decisionale per l’eutanasia nei confronti di neonati con malattie critiche in Argentina, focalizzata in particolare sui fattori socio-culturali. Metodo: Sono stati utilizzati questionari anonimi per approfondire il processo decisionale. 580 neonatologi di 36 unità neonatali sono stati invitati a partecipare allo studio e 322 di questi hanno completato il processo. Risultati: Il 95% dei neonatologi si oppone all’eutanasia. Non è emersa alcuna correlazione con l’età, il genere e la fede religiosa. Al contrario, i medici si sono dimostrati inclini all’eutanasia quando prendevano in considerazione la qualità di vita prevedibile per il bambino (p ≤ 0.003) e le difficoltà che un bambino disabile genera in una famiglia (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusioni: La maggior parte dei medici si sono opposti all’eutanasia non per motivi legali o per credenze religiose, bensí sulla base di una prospettiva trascendente della vita. La qualità della vita prevedibile per il neonato e le difficoltà che i bambini disabili generano in seno alle famiglie rappresentano motivi importanti nella decisione finale degli specialisti favorevoli all’eutanasia. ---------- Aim: Behavior of neonatologists in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in regard to euthanasia in critically ill neonates was analyzed, focusing on socio-cultural factors. Methods: An anonymous survey was designed to explore the decision-making process. Five-hundred-eighty neonatologists from 36 neonatal units were invited to participate and 322 completed the study. Results: Over 95% of neonatologists rejected euthanasia. No association was found with age, gender and religious belief. On the contrary, physicians were favorable to euthanasia when they took into account both the predictable quality of life (p ≤ 0.003) and the burden a disabled child would imply for the family (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: The majority of neonatologists reject euthanasia. Their behavior was not influenced legal frame, nor by their religious beliefs. They considered that a transcendence perspective of life does lead to this rejection. Predictable quality of life and the burden neonates represent for their families, played a major role on the final decision in those few specialists favorable to euthanasia.
Middle lobe syndrome: An exceptional presentation of concomitant lepidic adenocarcinoma and bronchial anthracofibrosis
Authors: Kunal Shekhar , Jain Sudhir , Shah Ashok
Published: December 2017

Lepidic adenocarcinoma previously known as bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) is a non-small cell lung cancer with an indolent presentation. Bronchial anthracofibrosis (BAF) is caused by long-standing exposure to biomass fuel smoke often in poorly ventilated kitchen. Middle lobe syndrome (MLS) due to BAF is not uncommon however, lepidic adenocarcinoma then known as BAC, presenting as MLS has been documented only once before in the Polish literature. A 68-year-old never-smoker female with biomass fuel smoke exposure presented with cough and breathlessness. Imaging revealed MLS. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy visualised bluish-black hyperpigmentation with narrowing and distortion of right middle lobe bronchus suggestive of BAF. Transbronchial biopsy confirmed presence of lepidic adenocarcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed description of lepidic adenocarcinoma and BAF presenting as MLS.Â
Varenicline in smokers with severe or very severe COPD after 24 weeks of treatment. A descriptive analysis: VALUE study
Authors: JimÃ©nez-Ruiz Carlos A. , Garcia Rueda Marcos , Martinez MuÃ±iz Manuel A. , SellarÃ©s Jacobo , JimÃ©nez-Fuentes Maria A. , LÃ¡zaro Asegurado Lourdes , RodrÃ­guez Gonzalez Esther , Rodriguez Garcia ConcepciÃ³n , Armengol Oriol , Abad Emilia , PeÃ±a Teresa , Domenech del Rio Adolfo , Riesco Miranda Juan A.
Published: December 2017

A large number of COPD patients are smokers. The particular characteristics of this group as well as their need to quit usually require psychological counselling and pharmacological treatment to achieve abstinence and, often, intensively. Little information is available about this issue. Â The main objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of varenicline after 24 weeks of treatment, with continuous abstinence between weeks 9 and 24.Â  This study was a post-authorization, open label, observational study of prospective follow-up. Patients included were smokers with severe or very severe COPD criteria who were treated with varenicline for 24 weeks, i.e. with a 12-week extension over the usual treatment. Â The outcomes in the population of subjects completing 24 weeks of follow-up were at week 24: continuous abstinence 36.8%, 7 days point prevalence abstinence 65.7%, and continuous smoking 31.5%.The outcomes in the intention-to-treat population included at baseline were: continuous abstinence 17.7% of patients, 7 days point prevalence abstinence 31.6%, continuous smoking 15.1% and not valid/unknown 51.8%.Â  The mean CAT score at week 24 was 15 and reduction from the baseline was 3.77 (paired T test, p<0.01). The most common adverse events reported were nausea, vivid dreams, stomach ache, insomnia, headache and vomiting. Â Patients included in VALUE were active smokers despite all of them had a severe COPD which suggests a very high degree of dependence. Although the study do not allow to infer the results to the global population of smokers with severe COPD, the outcomes have shown that, at 24 weeks follow up 36.8% of the patients were successful in quitting but from 79 patients enrolled initially only 17.7% quit.Â
Analytic Number Theory
Authors: Brüdern Jörg , Montgomery Hugh L. , Vaughan Robert C. , Wooley Trevor D.
Published: December 2017

Analytic number theory has flourished over the past few years, and this workshop brought together world leaders and young talent to discuss developments in various branches of the subject
Restauración de Santa María de Barberà del Vallès. Las cicatrices también son historia
Authors: Onecha Pérez Belén , Dotor Navarro Alicia , González Moreno-Navarro José Luis
Published: December 2017

Santa María de Barberà del Vallès es una iglesia románica que alberga uno de los conjuntos de pinturas murales más importantes de su época, no solo desde el punto de vista artístico, sino también porque excepcionalmente se conservan “in situ”. En 2006 se constató el movimiento de apertura de una gran grieta que partía el intradós del ábside y el arco triunfal, precisamente las zonas donde se encuentran las pinturas. Establecer la causa requirió diversas campañas de estudios previos para el conocimiento del edificio y su entorno. En 2014 se ejecutaron las obras de restauración que depararon varias sorpresas. El objetivo último era la restauración de los frescos románicos. El punto de conexión entre la restauración de la arquitectura y la restauración de la pintura era la percepción de la gran grieta histórica. Una vez anulada la causa que originaba la grieta ¿se debía conservar o maquillar la discontinuidad y los movimientos relativos de los elementos alrededor de ella?
Las lesiones estructurales en los manuscritos de Leonardo da Vinci
Authors: Hidalgo Garcia David
Published: December 2017

Leonardo da Vinci está considerado como uno de los mayores genios y artistas del Renacimiento. Sus estudios se han adoptado como referencia en posteriores descubrimientos de la ciencia moderna. Menos estudiadas resultan sus apor1aciones a los campos de la arquitectura y su restauración, pero no por ello de menor calidad e importancia. Su interés por ellos se aprecia claramente en sus manuscritos. Dentro de este campo, reflejó estudios relacionados con las causas de rotura de muros, grietas, asientos diferenciales y sus posibles soluciones.  Estas propuestas son consideradas por algunos autores como un tratado en la materia. El presente artículo realiza un análisis de los estudios de lesiones estructurales desarrollados por Leonardo y la contribución que pudieron hacer otros artistas en su proceso de aprendizaje.
El ingeniero restaurador y los edificios de Nueva York
Authors: Pardo Redondo Gabriel , Friedman Donald , De Miguel Alcalá Berta
Published: December 2017

La ciudad de Nueva York reúne una de las mayores concentraciones de edificios históricos construidos entre 1850y 1940 en el mundo, siendo un enclave único del pabimonio arquitectónico moderno. Estos edificios. muchos de ellos de gran altura, se realizaron con diseños, materiales y técnicas actualmente en desuso. El papel del ingeniero restaurador combina el conocimiento de las estructuras y edificios históricos con las técnicas modernas de análisis y diseño estructural, con el fin de mantener, adaptar y restaurar de la manera más respetuosa y eficiente posible los edificios que constituyen el alma de la ciudad de Nueva York. El presente artículo expone el trabajo del ingeniero restaurador en la ciudad de Nueva York con una introducción sobre la tipología de edificios históricos más comunes, así como una breve presentación de los proyectos de restauración, agentes participantes, objetivos, financiación, etc. Por último se exponen dos casos de estudio.
High spatiotemporal resolution pollutant measurements of on-board vehicle emissions using ultra-fast response gas analyzers
Authors: Irwin Martin , Bradley Harry , Duckhouse Matthew , Hammond Matthew , Peckham Mark S.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Existing ultra-fast response engine exhaust emissions analyzers have been adapted for on-board vehicle use combined with GPS data. We present, for the first time, how high spatiotemporal resolution data products allow transient features associated with internal combustion engines to be examined in detail during on-road driving. Such data is both useful to examine the circumstances leading to high emissions, and reveals the accurate position of urban air quality “hot spots” as deposited by the candidate vehicle, useful for source attribution and dispersion modelling. The fast response time of the analyzers also enabled accurate time-alignment with the vehicle’s Engine Control Unit (ECU) signals enabling correlation with transient air fuel ratio, engine speed, load, and other engine parameters. This helps to explain the causes of the emissions “spikes” which conventional slow response analyzers would smooth out due to mixing within their sampling systems. The data presented is from NO and NOx analyzers, but other fast analyzers (e.g. Total Hydrocarbons (THC), CO and CO2 can be used similarly. The high levels of NOx pollution associated with accelerating on entry ramps to motorways, driving over speed bumps, accelerating away from traffic lights, are explored in detail. The time-aligned ultra-fast analyzers offer unique insight allowing more accurate quantification and better interpretation of engine and driver activity and the associated emissions impact on local air quality.
Impact of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument Row Anomaly on the Long-term Record of Aerosol Products
Authors: Torres Omar , Bhartia Pawan K. , Jethva Hiren , Ahn Changwoo
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Since about three years after the launch the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the EOS-Aura satellite, the sensor’s viewing capability has been affected by what is believed to be an internal obstruction that has reduced OMI’s spatial coverage. It currently affects about half of the instrument’s sixty viewing positions. In this work we carry out an analysis to assess the effect of the reduced spatial coverage on the monthly average values of retrieved aerosol optical depth (AOD), single scattering albedo (SSA), and the UV Aerosol Index (UVAI) using the 2005–2007 three-year period prior to the onset of the row anomaly. Regional monthly average values calculated using viewing positions 1 through 30 were compared to similarly obtained values using positions 31 thru 60 with the expectation of finding close agreement between the two calculations. As expected, mean monthly values of AOD and SSA obtained with these two scattering-angle-dependent sub-sets of OMI observations were in agreement over regions where carbonaceous or sulphate aerosol particles are the predominant aerosol type. Over arid regions, however, where desert dust is the main aerosol type, significant differences between the two sets of calculated regional mean values of AOD were observed. As it turned out, the difference in retrieved desert dust AOD between the scattering-angle dependent observation subsets was due to the incorrect representation of desert dust scattering phase function. A sensitivity analysis using radiative transfer calculations demonstrated that the source of the observed AOD bias was the spherical shape assumption of desert dust particles. A similar analysis in terms of UVAI yielded large differences in the monthly mean values for the two sets of calculations over cloudy regions. On the contrary, in arid regions with minimum cloud presence, the resulting UVAI monthly average values for the two sets of observations were in very close agreement. The discrepancy under cloudy conditions was found to be caused by the parameterization of clouds as opaque Lambertian reflectors. When properly accounting for cloud scattering effects using Mie Theory, the observed UVAI angular bias was significantly reduced. The analysis discussed here has uncovered important algorithmic deficiencies associated with the model representation of the angular dependence of scattering effects of desert dust aerosols and cloud droplets. The resulting improvements in the handling of desert dust and cloud scattering have been incorporated in an improved version of the OMAERUV algorithm.
Comparing proxy and model estimates of hydroclimate variability and change over the Common Era
Authors:   PAGES Hydro2k Consortium
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Water availability is fundamental to societies and ecosystems, but our understanding of variations in hydroclimate (including extreme events, flooding, and decadal periods of drought) is limited because of a paucity of modern instrumental observations that are distributed unevenly across the globe and only span parts of the 20th and 21st centuries. Such data coverage is insufficient for characterizing hydroclimate and its associated dynamics because of its multidecadal to centennial variability and highly regionalized spatial signature. High-resolution (seasonal to decadal) hydroclimatic proxies that span all or parts of the Common Era (CE) and paleoclimate simulations from climate models are therefore important tools for augmenting our understanding of hydroclimate variability. In particular, the comparison of the two sources of information is critical for addressing the uncertainties and limitations of both while enriching each of their interpretations. We review the principal proxy data available for hydroclimatic reconstructions over the CE and highlight the contemporary understanding of how these proxies are interpreted as hydroclimate indicators. We also review the available last-millennium simulations from fully coupled climate models and discuss several outstanding challenges associated with simulating hydroclimate variability and change over the CE. A specific review of simulated hydroclimatic changes forced by volcanic events is provided, as is a discussion of expected improvements in estimated radiative forcings, models, and their implementation in the future. Our review of hydroclimatic proxies and last-millennium model simulations is used as the basis for articulating a variety of considerations and best practices for how to perform proxy–model comparisons of CE hydroclimate. This discussion provides a framework for how best to evaluate hydroclimate variability and its associated dynamics using these comparisons and how they can better inform interpretations of both proxy data and model simulations. We subsequently explore means of using proxy–model comparisons to better constrain and characterize future hydroclimate risks. This is explored specifically in the context of several examples that demonstrate how proxy–model comparisons can be used to quantitatively constrain future hydroclimatic risks as estimated from climate model projections.
The implementation of NEMS GFS Aerosol Component (NGAC) Version 2.0 for global multispecies forecasting at NOAA/NCEP: Part II Evaluation of Aerosol Optical Thickness
Authors: Bhattacharjee Partha S. , Wang Jun , Lu Cheng-Hsuan , Tallapragada Vijay
Published: December 2017

Abstract. An accurate representation of aerosols in global Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models is important to predict major air pollution events and to also understand aerosol effects on short-term weather forecasts. Recently the global aerosol forecast model at NOAA, the NOAA Environmental Modeling System (NEMS) GFS Aerosol Component (NGAC), was upgraded from its dust-only version 1 to include five species of aerosols (black carbon, organic carbon, sulfate, sea-salt and dust). This latest upgrade, now called NGACv2, is an in-line aerosol forecast system providing 3-dimensioanl aerosol mixing ratios along with aerosol optical properties, including aerosol optical thickness (AOT), every 3 hours up to 5 days at global 1° × 1° resolution. In this paper, we evaluated nearly one and half years of model AOT at 550 nm with available satellite retrievals, multi-model ensembles and surface observations over different aerosol regimes. Evaluation results show that NGACv2 has high correlations and low root mean square errors associated with African dust and also accurately represented the seasonal shift of aerosol plumes from Africa. Also, the model represented South African and Canadian forest fires, dust from Asia and AOT within the US with some degree of success. We have identified model underestimation for some of the aerosol regimes (particularly over Asia) and will investigate this further to improve the model forecast. The addition of a data assimilation capability to NGAC in the near future is expected to improve some of the model biases.
Predicting groundwater recharge for varying landcover and climate conditions: – a global meta-study
Authors: Mohan Chinchu , Western Andrew W. , Wei Yongping , Saft Margarita
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Groundwater recharge is one of the important factors determining the groundwater development potential of an area. Even though recharge plays a key role in controlling groundwater system dynamics, much uncertainty remains regarding the relationships between groundwater recharge and its governing factors at a large scale. The aims of this study were to identify the most influential factors on groundwater recharge, and to develop an empirical model to estimate diffuse rainfall recharge at a global-scale. Recharge estimates reported in the literature from various parts of the world (715 sites) were compiled and used in model building and testing exercises. Unlike conventional recharge estimates from water balance, this study used a multimodel inference approach and information theory to explain the relation between groundwater recharge and influential factors, and to predict groundwater recharge at 0.50 resolution. The results show that meteorological factors (precipitation and potential evapotranspiration) and vegetation factors (land use and land cover) had the most predictive power for recharge. According to the model, long term global average annual recharge (1981–2014) was 134 mm/yr with a prediction error ranging from −8 mm/yr to 10 mm/yr for 97.2 % of cases. The recharge estimates presented in this study are unique and more reliable than the existing global groundwater recharge estimates because of the extensive validation carried out using both independent local estimates collated from the literature and national statistics from Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). In a water scarce future driven by increased anthropogenic development, the results from this study will aid in making informed decision about groundwater potential at a large scale.
La evaluación psicopedagógica del alumnado cultural y lingüísticamente diverso: un estudio exploratorio sobre las prácticas de los orientadores
Authors: Talavera Pérez Isabel , Guzmán Rosquete Remedios
Published: December 2017

Consecuencia de los flujos migratorios que se han producido en la última década en gran parte de los países, las políticas educativas europeas han mostrado un creciente interés y preocupación por la respuesta educativa que recibe el alumnado cultural y lingüísticamente diverso (CLD). Al respecto, diversos informes y estudios han destacado la sobreidentificación del alumnado CLD en aulas de Educación Especial. Ello ha contribuido a cuestionar la validez de las prácticas diagnósticas, y de sus instrumentos, cuando se tiene que identificar  las Necesidades Específicas de Apoyo Educativo de algún estudiante CLD. En España se desconocen estudios que hayan indagado sobre las prácticas diagnósticas que realizan los profesionales para identificar las necesidades educativas de estos estudiantes. La principal finalidad de este estudio fue explorar las prácticas de evaluación psicopedagógica que llevan a cabo los/as orientadores/as escolares cuando tienen que identificar las NEAE del alumnado CLD escolarizados en centros de Educación Primaria y Secundaria. La muestra estuvo formada por 64 orientadores/as, pertenecientes a 13 Equipos Psicopedagógicos de Tenerife, que trabajan en centros con alumnado CLD. Se diseñó un cuestionario ad hoc formado por 21 preguntas, agrupadas en cuatro dimensiones: I) Variables socio demográficas y experiencia profesional, II) Factores de la Evaluación psicopedagógica, III) Selección y uso de instrumentos diagnóstico y, IV) Evaluación de la competencia lingüística y el uso de intérpretes. Se presentan los resultados sobre las prácticas más frecuentes que utilizan los orientadores cuando realizan evaluaciones al alumnado CLD, con o sin dominio del idioma español, en relación a: factores a los que conceden importancia, evaluación de la competencia lingüística y del nivel de aculturación, selección  y uso de instrumentos diagnósticos y experiencias con uso de intérpretes.
El salario del profesorado y el tamaño de la clase: dos indicadores sugerentes para una reforma educativa de calidad
Authors: Sánchez Lissen Encarnación
Published: December 2017

En aras de la calidad, la mayoría de los países en desarrollo se someten, con cierta frecuencia, a evaluaciones de todo o parte de su sistema escolar. Sin perder de vista la realidad de cada país, de cada modelo educativo, analizamos dos indicadores que participan, en mayor o menor medida, de las reformas educativas emprendidas en diversos países miembros de la OCDE. Estos son: el salario del profesorado y la ratio alumno/profesor junto al tamaño de las clases. Ambos se incluyen, como una estrategia sugerente y a veces rentable, para aminorar los resultados desfavorables que embargan a un sistema educativo. Pero también se han utilizado como una medida de “socorro” ante los resultados adversos obtenidos en evaluaciones externas. Asimismo analizamos la relación que pueden tener estos indicadores con los resultados del Informe PISA. De manera general cabe reconocer que no existe una relación directa, aunque sí pueden influir colateralmente. Así, aquellos países que presentan datos de rendimiento excelente, por lo general, su profesorado recibe buenos sueldos aunque no todos los que tienen buenos sueldos obtienen buenos resultados. Y también comprobamos que reducir el tamaño de las clases resultará más beneficioso en determinados contextos, dado que éste no adquiere un valor absoluto. Puede influir más en las estrategias que se planteen que en los resultados finales. En general, por encima de cualquier indicador sobresale la selección y formación del profesorado.
The Moderating Role of HOTS Training Program on Teacher Efficacy and Teacher Effectiveness Relationship
Authors: Mohd Ismail Rahida Aini , Arshad Rozita , Abas Zakaria
Published: December 2017

There has been an increased awareness from mass media, employers, educationalists, and researchers lately on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS), as a prerequisite for the 21st century workforce. HOTS have portrayed a huge industry demand and the major goal of every educational institutions in providing education is to foster problem solving, critical thinking, and innovative skills among the students. Without a doubt, teachers are the most valuable resource accessible to all schools that shoulder the responsibility of molding and shaping students as individuals toward producing modern workforce who are good critical thinkers, creative, competent communicators and good problem solvers. Hence, the purpose of HOTS Training Program is to develop and improve the job-related knowledge, skills, and abilities to enhance teachers’ performance and ultimately improve student learning. The present study examines the moderating effect of HOTS training program on the relationship between teacher efficacy and teacher effectiveness. Hierarchical Regression analysis was used to determine whether HOTS Training Program is a moderator for the model to modify or strengthened the relationship between the Independent and Dependent Variables.
An introduction to Crafting Sustainability – exploring the interconnections between sustainability and craft
Authors: Søraa Roger Andre , Fyhn Håkon
Published: December 2017

Sustainability has become a critical issue, calling for new conceptualizations of both problems and solutions. This special issue of the Nordic Journal of Science and Technology Studies,  explore the concept of “Crafting Sustainability”. Sustainability is a hot topic in contemporary scholarly debates, with methodological, theoretical, and conceptual contributions from a wide array of research areas, also from Science and Technology Studies. Craft on the other hand has been less of a focal point, although all humans relate to craft on some level.
About the Cover Artist
Authors: Suboticki Ivana
Published: December 2017

Rebecca Hutchinson
Alone and Alone: Defense, Justification, and Apology in Fitzgerald's Late Prefaces
Authors: Tangedal Ross K.
Published: December 2017

Over the course of his career, F. Scott Fitzgerald regularly attempted to gain both popular and critical respect. However, when The Great Gatsby first appeared in 1925, market tendencies assured Fitzgerald of the critical community's paradoxical position regarding his fictional output, which stunted his production over the next several years. Although he would continue to produce magazine fiction throughout the nine-year gap between novels, Fitzgerald's process in creating what would become Tender Is the Night offers a natural window into the author's mental and artistic state for the majority of the 1920s and 1930s. His three prefaces of the decade—two unpublished and one published—present Fitzgerald's authorial anxiety and reveal the opposite of the youthful and naïve author of This Side of Paradise. Fitzgerald's decline in the 1930s is ably traced not only through public documents—such as “The Crack-Up” essays written for Esquire in 1936—but also through his published and unpublished prefaces which aimed to defend, justify, and ultimately apologize for his artistic material.
“Masquerading as Herself”: The Flapper and the Modern Girl in the Journalism and Short Fiction of Zelda Fitzgerald
Authors: Pike Deborah
Published: December 2017

This article focuses on the image of the flapper and the modern young woman in Zelda Fitzgerald's journalism and selected short fiction. While her journalistic articles champion the idea of a modern consumerist selfhood for women, they deploy an ironic and playful tone, distinguishing between her own ideal of the authentic flapper as an exemplar of moral courage and pioneer of social change—of flapperdom as a philosophy—and later glamour-obsessed, image-driven imitators of the flapper lifestyle. Even as they celebrate the decadence of flapperdom, her short stories can be read in the context of her journalism as presenting cautionary tales of its hollowness for those who pursue the flapper image as a game, a masquerade performed at the expense of an authentic self. Zelda Fitzgerald challenges and critiques this notion of the modern woman in the very magazines that were endorsing it.
Adoption, Importance and Barriers to the Implementation of Contemporary Management Accounting Practices: Evidence from Egypt
Authors: Hussein Amani
Published: December 2017

Nowadays, complexity in the business environment, and advanced technology intensified the challenges for more management accounting information to meet global competition. Therefore, contemporary management accounting practices have emerged which focused on financial and non-financial information to support managers’ decision making. The research aimed at examining the adoption, importance and barriers to the implementation of CMAPs. To achieve the research aim a list of forty MAPs, 171 questionnaires and factor analysis were used. In terms of MAPs adoption the results indicated 9 factors :fundamental TMAPs; control; WCM; performance evaluation non-financial; budgeting for planning cash flows ;contemporary decision support; traditional decision support; planning and capital budget practice. In terms of importance there are 10 factors; benchmarking practices; costing and decision support; fundamental TMAPs; traditional performance evaluation; control; contemporary performance evaluation; budget for planning day to day; WCM –MRP practice, product life cycle practice and performance evaluation – customer satisfaction. The main conclusion was the relative adoption of TMAPs are higher than CMAPs however, the Egyptian companies are realizing the importance of large number of CMAPs. Moreover, the research examined barriers that could limit the implementation of CMAPs and revealed that the highest barriers were; it takes longer time to change the societal values and practices, high degree of uncertainty avoidance and high cost to implement these advanced practices respectively.
A Study On Bharat Ratna Dr.M.G.Ramachandran’s Philosophical Film Songs With Special Reference to the Socialistic And Communistic Ideas It Contains - An Academic Comparative Analysis with the Theory of Socialism as Propounded by Karl Marx
Authors: Sarvaharana P. , Thiyagarajan P. , Manikandan S.
Published: December 2017

Providing quality songs in movies has become paramount importance on the part of film Producers and Directors. Of late the heroes of the movies are also concerned about the contents of the song; as they play the main role in the movies and are watched by millions of fans. Super-hero who attained matinée idol status like Makkal Thilagam Bharat Ratna Dr.M.G.Ramachandran took upon himself the responsibility of not only producing quality movies but also paid personal attention to produce quality songs as he thought that good messages can be disseminated through his film songs to millions of his fans. It is due to this fact Bharat Ratna Dr.M.G.Ramachandran sought the assistance of eminent lyric-writers like the great Kannadasan, Valli, Marudhakasi, Udumalai Narayana Kavi and also encouraged other emerging writers like Na Muthulingam to write songs for his movies. In view of such extraordinary efforts made by Puratchi Thalaivar Dr.MG Ramachandran, his film songs contain ideas of ethics, education, equity and justice (communism), eradication of corruptive practice. In this paper an attempt has been made to deal with Twelve of such songs that contain SOCIALISTIC AND COMMUNISTIC IDEAS and a comparative analysis has been made with the Socialistic and Communistic theory as propounded by the Great Karl Marx. This paper consist of:- Need of the Present Study; Scenario of Cinema; Scenario in Tamil Film Industry; A Bird’s Eye View of Dr.M.G.Ramachandran’s life history. After introducing Karl Marx, the theories propounded by him such as the Alienation and Materialism are discussed; thereafter the Grounds for Comparison has been arrived; then the efforts taken by Dr.MG.Ramachandran to produce quality songs has been discussed. Finally a Comparative Analysis of the twelve songs identified that contain the ideas of Socialism and Communism has been discussed in detail.
No English Learner Left Behind: How Can States and Teacher Preparation Programs Support Content-Area Practitioners?
Authors: Diarrassouba Nagnon
Published: December 2017

This study investigates the responses that education stakeholders give to regular teacher and teacher candidate professional needs because of the increasing number of English learners. Two major research questions related to the increase of English learners in US schools and to the responses that stakeholders have provided guided the inquiry. Using a case study approach, the results show that not only have the numbers of English learners risen, but also that some school districts have witnessed drastic demographic shifts. In response to these shifts, decision makers have attempted to meet teacher professional needs. In light of these findings, I formulate recommendations to educational stakeholders at national, state, local, and to teacher preparation program developers to engage in systematic reforms to meet regular practitioner needs.
L1 Use in L2 Academic Essays: A Study of L1 Arabic Writers’ Views
Authors: Bacha Nahla N.
Published: December 2017

Research findings indicate conflicting views as to interference from L1 rhetorical patterns in the essays written by students whose first language is not English. Essays are still considered important for required assignments and exams in institutions of higher learning, but the challenge for L1 Arabic students is to express their ideas clearly. Although there have been studies of the use of L1 in L2 writing, there are very few rigorous ones done on L1 Arabic texts in Lebanon and specifically from the students’ viewpoint. This study aims to evaluate, holistically and analytically, according to language, organization and content, the expository academic essays written by first year university L1 Arabic students and to examine any significant correlation between these scores and the quality of these essays through content analysis. In addition, students’ perceptions of any problems they have in writing the academic essay are surveyed through a questionnaire. Results indicate a significant positive correlation between students’ essay scores and the content analysis. However, findings from the student questionnaire revealed that they do not view any significant interference from L1 nor any significant problems in writing the academic essays which are contrary to the essay scores and content analysis results. Recommendations are made for L2 contexts and future research.
Effects of Extensive Reading on Learners: How It Develops Certain Points in Vocabulary and Sentence Structure
Authors: Celik Bunyamin
Published: December 2017

This study will handle extensive reading and its impacts on foreign language learning. There is much research on it and how it differs from intensive reading. This study reviewed the related literature and looked into adult learners of English in elementary and pre-intermediate level. Certain types of vocabulary was picked from a story and the participants’ knowledge was tested before and after reading in order to check and note down the changes that extensive reading provided. Moreover, their knowledge about sentence structure was also examined and the change of attitude was inserted in the study. Although extensive reading has nothing or very little with pronunciation, some important points were illuminated in the study.
Testing Three-Item Versions for Seven of Young’s Maladaptive Schema and Wait Impact for Briefly Counseled Non-Urgent Clients
Authors: Blau Gary , DiMino John , Kim YJ
Published: December 2017

The purposes of this study were to: further test the reliability and discriminant validity of three-item measures of seven maladaptive schema scales on a sample of non-urgent university counseling center (UCC) clients; test the relationships of waiting variables to these maladaptive schema; and test if these waiting variables were related to changes in these maladaptive schema for briefly counseled UCC clients. The results supported the test-retest reliabilities and discriminant validity of these seven scales. Independent sample t-tests between two different types of wait variables, i.e., minimal versus considerable wait bother, and less than two weeks wait versus at least two weeks wait, did not show any significant differences for these scales. However, one scale, mistrust and abuse increased during brief counseling for both the considerable wait bother and at least two weeks waiting groups. It is important to make sure that non-urgent clients get timely counseling.
Rigid Body Motions and Local Compliance Response during Impact of Two Deformable Spheres
Authors: Big-Alabo Akuro
Published: December 2017

The impact of two hard deformable spheres is revisited with the aim of investigating the constituent rigid body motions and indentation response of each sphere during collision. The latter are determined theoretically and the theoretical solutions are validated by comparing with numerical solutions of the coupled nonlinear dynamic models for impact of two hard deformable spheres. For elastic impact events, normalized tabulated solutions are derived using the Force Indentation Linearisation Method (FILM) and the tabulated solutions can be used to generate actual rigid body motions and indentation histories for each of the colliding spheres without need for numerical or finite element solutions. The analysis shows that the rigid body motion and local compliance response of each sphere depend on: (a) ratio of mass of sphere to effective mass of impact system, and (b) ratio of initial velocity of sphere to initial relative velocity of impact system. Finally, the 2-D collision problem is discussed and a simple procedure to determine the unique solution of all four unknowns is presented.
De EMU heeft geen weeffouten
Authors: Schout Adriaan
Published: December 2017

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
LVB-jongeren in de ZSM-procedure
Authors: Teeuwen M.
Published: December 2017

Young MBID suspects in the ZSM-procedure in the Netherlands. On vulnerability and risk of recidivism

In recent years, there are signs that young people with a (mild) intellectual disability are overrepresented in the criminal justice system. It turns out that especially a large majority of the repeated offenders have an intellectual disability. Therefore it would be relevant to know whether and when an intellectual disability is recognized by professionals in the criminal procedure. What is the impact of not recognizing the specific disability on the offender in the criminal justice procedure and on recidivism? The author focuses on a rather new accelerated out-of-court settlement of criminal cases, the so-called ZSM method. She concludes that the high speed of this procedure increases the vulnerability of suspects with a (mild) intellectual disability, especially because the various professionals involved in this procedure seem to lack substantial awareness of the problem. This situation increases the risk of false confessions and witnessing and might also contribute to recidivism.
Graphene-modified nickel foam electrode for cathodic degradation of nitrofuranzone: Kinetics, transformation products and toxicity
Authors: Ma Ya , Tang Yanhong , Yin Kai , Luo Shenglian , Liu Chengbin , Liu Tian , Yang Liming
Published: December 2017

Simple, efficient, and durable electrodes are highly demanded for practical electro­chemical process. In this study, a reduced graphene oxide modified nickel foam electrode (GR‑Ni foam) was facilely prepared via one-step cyclic voltammetry electrodeposition of gra­phene oxide suspension onto the Ni foam. The electrochemical degradation of nitrofuran­zone (NFZ, a kind of typical antibiotics) was studied on the GR-Ni foam cathode. The cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectra analysis confirmed that presence of GR loading accelerated the electron transfer from the cathode surface to NFZ. With the applied cathode potential of −1.25 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), the removal efficiency of NFZ (C0 = 20 mg L−1) at the GR-Ni foam electrode reached up to 99 % within 30 min, showing a higher reaction rate constant (0.1297 min−1) than 0.0870 min−1 at the Pd-Ni foam and 0.0186 min−1 at the Ni foam electrode. It was also found that the pH, dissolved oxygen and NFZ initial concentration have slight effect on NFZ degradation at the GR-Ni foam electrode. The reactions first occurred at nitro groups (-NO2), unsaturated C=N bonds and N-N bonds to generate furan ring-containing products, and then these products were transformed into linear diamine products. The direct reduction by electrons was mainly responsible for NFZ reduction at the GR-Ni foam electrode. Even after 18 cycles, the removal efficiency of NFZ still reached up to 98 % within 1 h. In addition, the cathodic degradation process could eliminate the antibacterial activity of NFZ. The GR-Ni foam electrode would have a great potential in electrochemical process for treating wastewater containing furan antibiotics.
Additional Tithonian and Berriasian ammonites from the Vaca Muerta Formation in Pampa Tril, Neuquén Basin, Argentina
Authors: PARENT Horacio , Schweigert Günter , Scherzinger Armin , GARRIDO Alberto C.
Published: December 2017

The ammonite fauna of the Tithonian–Berriasian of the Vaca Muerta Formation in Pampa Tril has been recently described in detail. New important specimens and additional information are presented in this paper. The phyletic evolution of Choicensisphinctes, passing from C. platyconus to C. erinoides is confirmed, as well as the sexual dimorphic correspondence of this latter with C. mendozanus. A microconch of the genus Krantziceras is described for first time. New specimens of Substeueroceras koeneni identical to the paralectotype, along with material already described from the koeneni Hz. (Koeneni Zone), point to the fixation of this horizon as the type horizon of the species. New specimens of Subthurmannia boissieri from the Damesi Zone match clearly the range of variation of this species in Spain, thus providing an element for time-correlation with the Tethyan standard scale. Additional material from the internispinosum alpha Hz. confirms the origin of W. internispinosum from C. proximus by the inception of an evolutionary innovation in the juvenile ontogeny.
Xenosphinctes n. gen. (Ataxioceratidae, Lithacoceratinae), a new rare ammonite genus from the Lower Tithonian (Hybonotum Zone) of SW Germany
Authors: Scherzinger Armin , Schweigert Günter
Published: December 2017

The new monotypic ammonite genus Xenosphinctes (type species: Xenosphinctes berkai n. sp.) is established. It is recorded from the Upper Jurassic, Early Tithonian, Hybonotum Zone, Riedense Subzone, eigeltingense α horizon from the Talmühle, N of Engen, Baden-Württemberg, SW Germany.
SELECTED PROBLEMS OF EVALUATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF HISTORICAL BUILDINGS USING ROUGH SETS
Authors: Czajkowski Krzysztof
Published: December 2017

The paper presents the problems associated with multicriteria evaluation of historic buildings. The capabilities of modeling the monuments in order to use the Rough Sets approach for their evaluation were presented. The problems of selection criteria for the evaluation and taking into account the structure of the object, as well as the problem of discretization and its impact on the generating of the rules were discussed.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED DIAGNOSTICS AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR BIOGAS COMBUSTION PROCESSES
Authors: Zhirnova Oxana
Published: December 2017

The article shows the ecological and economic efficiency of biogas. Depending on the complexity of the tasks, the mathematical model could describe the research process with varying degrees of accuracy. Thus, numerical simulation should be combined with experimental research to compare and assess the validity of the model. Below is presented, a mathematical model of combustion of biogas. Then, based on the results of pilot studies to validate the mathematical model, a numerical simulation of the combustion of biogas. Process for the combustion of biogas is a complex process of their heterogeneous and homogenous combustion. The model of combustion process of extreme management not good can improve energy performance by maintaining the optimum cop value. Proved by simulation model of extreme management efficiency in changing signal assignments, the maintenance efficiency of the boiler is on a level with the specified accuracy.
APPLICABILITY ANALYSIS OF REST AND SOAP WEB SERVICES
Authors: Zientarski Tomasz , Miłosz Marek , Kamiński Marek , Kołodziej Maciej
Published: December 2017

Web Services are common means to exchange data and information over the network. Web Services make themselves available over the Internet, where technology and platform are independent. These web services can be developed on the basis of two interaction styles such as Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and Representational State Transfer Protocol (REST). In this study, a comparison of REST and SOAP web services is presented in terms of their applicability in diverse areas. It is concluded that in the past both technologies were equally popular, but during the rapid Internet development the REST technology has become the leading one in the area of access to Internet services.