bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exponential type orbitals with hyperbolic cosine function basis sets for isoelectronic series of the atoms Be to Ne
Authors: Sahin Ercan , Ertürk Murat , Ozdogan Telhat , Orbay Metin
Published: October 2022

Exponential type orbital with hyperbolic cosine basis functions, proposed recently for Hartree–Fock–Roothaan calculations of neutral atoms, are studied in detail for the calculations of isoelectronic series of atoms from Be to Ne. Calculations are performed for the neutral and the first 20 cationic members of the isoelectronic series of each atom in its ground state. Three of the most popular exponential type orbitals (Slater type functions, B functions and ψ
(α) functions with α = 2) are combined with modified hyperbolic cosine function cosh(βr + γ) to improve the basis function quality within the minimal basis sets framework. Performances of the basis functions are compared with each other by using the same number of variational parameters in them. The obtained results are also compared with numerical Hartree–Fock and extended Slater type basis set results. The presented accuracy of the minimal basis descriptions of atomic systems supports the usage of these unconventional basis functions in electronic structure and property calculations.
Investigation of Wear and Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Characteristics of Al-Mg-MoS2 Composites Using Response Surface Method
Authors: Senthil Kumar S. , Sudhakara Pandian R. , Pitchipoo P. , Senthilkumar T. S. , Ponnambalam S. G.
Published: October 2022

Aluminum metal matrix composites remain sophisticated materials with a broad series of applications because of their high strength-to-weight ratio, better resistance to wear and corrosion, improved high-temperature zone applications, and reasonable machinability. Furthermore, when manufactured through the powder metallurgy process, the tribological and machinability properties of aluminum-magnesium–based composites are found to be improved with the inclusion of molybdenum disulfide reinforcement. The response surface methodology technique was used for estimating the wear loss and coefficient of friction to study the tribological property. Also, it is employed in the wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) technique, to predict material removal rate, surface roughness, and overcut. The projected values in both the wear and WEDM parameters are well within the minimal error value, according to the perturbation plot, and sufficient validation has been performed. The created model reveals that at 15 N, 2 m/s, 750 m, and 15 A, 90 µs, and 45 V, better tribology and WEDM characteristics are acquired.
Prognostic Value of Tumor-microenvironment-associated Genes in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Li Shimei , Yao Jiyi , Zhang Shen , Zhou Xinchuan , Zhao Xinbao , Di Na , Hao Shaoyun , Zhi Hui
Published: October 2022

Background: Ovarian cancer (OV) is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women. Growing evidence supports a key role of the tumor microenvironment in the growth, progression, and metastasis of OV. However, the prognostic effects of gene expression signatures associated with the OV microenvironment have not been well established. This study was aimed at applying the Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm to identify tumor-microenvironment-associated genes that predict outcomes in patients with OV.

Methods: The gene expression profiles of OV samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The immune and stromal scores of 469 OV samples on the basis of the ESTIMATE algorithm were available. To better understand the effects of gene expression signatures associated with the OV microenvironment on prognosis, we categorized these samples into groups with high and low ESTIMATE scores. A different OV cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and immunohistochemistry from The Human Protein Atlas database were used for external validation.

Results: The molecular subtypes of patients with OV correlated with the stromal scores, and the mesenchymal subtype had the highest stromal scores. Patients with higher stromal scores had lower 5-year overall survival; 449 differentially expressed genes in the stromal score group were identified, 26 of which were significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with OV (p < 0.05). In another OV cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, six genes were further validated to be significantly associated with poor prognosis. Immunohistochemistry data from The Human Protein Atlas database confirmed the overexpression of CX3CR1, GFPT2, NBL1, TFPI2, and ZFP36 in OV tissues compared with normal tissues.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CX3CR1, GFPT2, NBL1, TFPI2, and ZFP36 may be promising biomarkers for OV prognosis, with clinical implications for therapeutic strategies.
Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption in Preclinical Mouse Models of Stroke Can Be an Experimental Artifact Caused by Craniectomy
Authors: Liu Che-Wei , Wang Eric Yuhsiang , Wang Hwai-Lee , Liao Kate Hsiurong , Chen Hsiao-Yun , Chen Hank Szuhan , Lai Ted Weita
Published: October 2022

The pathophysiological features of ischemia-related blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption are widely studied using preclinical stroke models. However, in many of these models, craniectomy is required to confirm arterial occlusion via laser Doppler flowmetry or to enable direct ligation of the cerebral artery. In the present study, mice were used to construct a distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) model, a preclinical stroke model that requires craniectomy to enable direct ligation of the cerebral artery, or were subjected to craniectomy alone. dMCAO but not craniectomy caused neurodegeneration and cerebral infarction, but both procedures induced an appreciable increase in BBB permeability to Evans blue dye, fluorescein, and endogenous albumin but not to 10 kDa dextran-FITC, leading to cerebral edema. Using rats, we further showed that BBB disruption induced by craniectomy with no evidence of dural tearing was comparable to that induced by craniectomy involving tearing of the dura. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that craniectomy can be a major contributor to BBB disruption and cerebral edema in preclinical stroke models. The implications of this experimental artifact for translational stroke research and preclinical data interpretation are discussed.
Sensory Target Detection at Local and Global Timescales Reveals a Hierarchy of Supramodal Dynamics in the Human Cortex
Authors: Niedernhuber Maria , Raimondo Federico , Sitt Jacobo D. , Bekinschtein Tristan A.
Published: October 2022

To ensure survival in a dynamic environment, the human neocortex monitors input streams from different sensory organs for important sensory events. Which principles govern whether different senses share common or modality-specific brain networks for sensory target detection? We examined whether complex targets evoke sustained supramodal activity while simple targets rely on modality-specific networks with short-lived supramodal contributions. In a series of hierarchical multisensory target detection studies (n= 77, of either sex) using EEG, we applied a temporal cross-decoding approach to dissociate supramodal and modality-specific cortical dynamics elicited by rule-based global and feature-based local sensory deviations within and between the visual, somatosensory, and auditory modality. Our data show that each sense implements a cortical hierarchy orchestrating supramodal target detection responses, which operate at local and global timescales in successive processing stages. Across different sensory modalities, simple feature-based sensory deviations presented in temporal vicinity to a monotonous input stream triggered a mismatch negativity-like local signal which decayed quickly and early, whereas complex rule-based targets tracked across time evoked a P3b-like global neural response which generalized across a late time window. Converging results from temporal cross-modality decoding analyses across different datasets, we reveal that global neural responses are sustained in a supramodal higher-order network, whereas local neural responses canonically thought to rely on modality-specific regions evolve into short-lived supramodal activity. Together, our findings demonstrate that cortical organization largely follows a gradient in which short-lived modality-specific as well as supramodal processes dominate local responses, whereas higher-order processes encode temporally extended abstract supramodal information fed forward from modality-specific cortices.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTEach sense supports a cortical hierarchy of processes tracking deviant sensory events at multiple timescales. Conflicting evidence produced a lively debate around which of these processes are supramodal. Here, we manipulated the temporal complexity of auditory, tactile, and visual targets to determine whether cortical local and global ERP responses to sensory targets share cortical dynamics between the senses. Using temporal cross-decoding, we found that temporally complex targets elicit a supramodal sustained response. Conversely, local responses to temporally confined targets typically considered modality-specific rely on early short-lived supramodal activation. Our finding provides evidence for a supramodal gradient supporting sensory target detection in the cortex, with implications for multiple fields in which these responses are studied (e.g., predictive coding, consciousness, and attention).
Flipping the Classroom Using the 5E Instructional Model to Promote Inquiry Learning in Online & Hybrid Settings
Authors: Salloum Sara , Zgheib Ghania , Ghaffar May Abdul , Nader Marylou
Published: October 2022

Nontraditional teaching modalities have become the new normal, where hybrid and online education are bound to become an integral component of education at all levels. This paper suggests the coupling of the flipped classroom model with the 5E instructional model for students to develop science understandings and practices in a hybrid and online environment. We demonstrate our model through a middle school unit on animal adaptation and natural selection. In our model, the teacher involves students with asynchronous online activities that raise students’ curiosity and help them develop the concepts before the face-to-face or synchronous class activities. The complementary interactive online asynchronous and face-to-face or synchronous activities aim to promote critical thinking and communication on one hand and NGSS Core Ideas and Science Practices on the other. This paper concludes that science teachers can benefit from this model to engage students in inquiry-based activities in both hybrid or remote learning.
Chromatin remodeling is required for sRNA‐guided DNA elimination in Paramecium
Authors: Singh Aditi , Maurer‐Alcalá Xyrus X , Solberg Therese , Häußermann Lilia , Gisler Silvan , Ignarski Michael , Swart Estienne C , Nowacki Mariusz
Published: October 2022

Small RNAs mediate the silencing of transposable elements and other genomic loci, increasing nucleosome density and preventing undesirable gene expression. The unicellular ciliate Paramecium is a model to study dynamic genome organization in eukaryotic cells, given its unique feature of nuclear dimorphism. Here, the formation of the somatic macronucleus during sexual reproduction requires eliminating thousands of transposon remnants (IESs) and transposable elements scattered throughout the germline micronuclear genome. The elimination process is guided by Piwi‐associated small RNAs and leads to precise cleavage at IES boundaries. Here we show that IES recognition and precise excision are facilitated by recruiting ISWI1, a Paramecium homolog of the chromatin remodeler ISWI. ISWI1 knockdown substantially inhibits DNA elimination, quantitatively similar to development‐specific sRNA gene knockdowns but with much greater aberrant IES excision at alternative boundaries. We also identify key development‐specific sRNA biogenesis and transport proteins, Ptiwi01 and Ptiwi09, as ISWI1 cofactors in our co‐immunoprecipitation studies. Nucleosome profiling indicates that increased nucleosome density correlates with the requirement for ISWI1 and other proteins necessary for IES excision. We propose that chromatin remodeling together with small RNAs is essential for efficient and precise DNA elimination in Paramecium.
ENSEMBLE LEARNING FOR PREDICTION OF MARKETING CAMPAIGN ACCEPTANCE
Authors: Titiani Fakihotun , Riana Dwiza
Published: October 2022

Artificial intelligence, commonly known as AI, has greatly influenced marketing strategies, including business models, sales processes, customer service options, and customer behaviour in receiving marketing campaigns. In a marketing campaign, all customers are targeted by advertising, including those who will not respond positively to the marketing campaign and reject the offer. This means that the company is inefficient; the marketing campaign is ineffective because customers are not segmented and targeted. As a result, costs increase and the company's profit decreases. Thence, this leads to the failure of the company's marketing campaigns. The purpose of this study is to experiment with using Ensemble Learning and tuning on the Marketing Campaign dataset by providing the classification methods. That classification method is called the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC), and AdaBoost Classifier (ADA), which have never been used in the classification of the Marketing Campaign dataset. The study results in the highest model with an accuracy value of 98.64%, AUC 0.9994, recall 95.77%, precision 95.77%, F1-score 95.77%, and kappa 94.98% when using the LightGBM for marketing campaign predictions.
GRAPHENE BASED COATING - EFFECTIVE WAYS TO PREVENT CORROSION
Authors: KABEEB SITI MAZNAH , HASSAN AZMAN , MOHAMAD ZURINA
Published: October 2022

This book is the culmination of nearly four years of work I have done on epoxy-based nanocomposite coatings. Honestly, I could not produce this book without a strong support group especially from my family and committed team. I have completed my doctorate study successfully with flying colour after went through many obstacles and difficulties. I succeed to complete my doctorate study with flying colors.This book contains comprehensive information about the recentdevelopment of epoxy nanocomposite coating, propertyrelationships, and its applications. A corrosion prevention method with a detailed explanation on the mechanism of anti-corrosion coatings has been inclusively discussed. The detailed description of graphene-based coatings with ampleresearch findings hasbeen thoroughly deliberated. A more in-depth study on the effect of graphene-based nanofillers on anticorrosion performance is highlighted and successfullyproved through scientific evidence.I hope that this book will be valued and appreciated by students and researchers from the same field of studies
Disinformation Order and Social Media Algorithmic Trap: New Challenges for Sustainability of the Indonesia’s United Nation-State Narrative and Liberal Democratic Norms
Authors: Ahmad Nyarwi
Published: October 2022

The Internet and social media have been increasingly adopted by political entities across the globe. The consequences of such adaptations on the Indonesia’s nation-state narrative and liberal democratic norms have been under-researched however. This article argues that in democratic countries, such adaptations are likely to pave the way for the emergences of disinformation order and social media algorithmic trap. Within the specific context of Indonesia’s democracy, these disinformation order and social media algorithmic trap are likely to polarize political spheres and jeopardize not merely Indonesia’s united nation-state narrative, but also Indonesia’s liberal democratic norms that evolved since the post-reform era. To evaluate such propositions, this article adopts a desk study and selects Jakarta’s 2017 Gubernatorial Election as a study case. Learning from these desk study and study case, this article proposes the following arguments. To manage the consequences of disinformation order and social media algorithmic trap on politics and democracy, we need formulate new political communication and policy research agenda based on the following dictum: who get lost by what/whom in which channel/medium and with what effects. Taking such effort may give us an opportunity to keep the current Indonesia’s united nation-state narrative prevailing and liberal democratic norms flourishing.
Time-Varying Correlation Between Stock and Government Bond in Asia: Flight-to-Quality
Authors: Margani Mahanani , Husodo Zaafri Ananto
Published: October 2022

This study aims to provide an overview of how the relationship between stock and bond market in Asia when a crisis occurs (in this case the 2008 global crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic) using the DCC-GARCH method to prove the flight-to-quality phenomenon in Asia (China, Japan, Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and India). The results showed that during the 2008 global crisis, the flight-to-quality phenomenon happened in Thailand where the correlation between stock returns and government bonds in that country became increasingly negative during the crisis period, indicating that there was a shift in investment from stocks to government bonds. In addition, this research also proved that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the flight-to-quality phenomenon was also proven to occur in Malaysia.
Cell contractility and focal adhesion kinase control circumferential arterial stiffness
Authors: Roberts Emilia , Xu Tina , Assoian Richard K
Published: October 2022

Arterial stiffening is a hallmark of aging and cardiovascular disease. While it is well established that vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contribute to arterial stiffness by synthesizing and remodeling the arterial extracellular matrix, the direct contributions of SMC contractility and mechanosensors to arterial stiffness, and particularly the arterial response to pressure, remain less well understood despite being a long-standing question of biomedical importance. Here, we have examined this issue by combining the use of pressure myography of intact carotid arteries, pharmacologic inhibition of contractility, and genetic deletion of SMC focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Biaxial inflation-extension tests performed at physiological pressures showed that acute inhibition of cell contractility with blebbistatin or EGTA altered vessel geometry and preferentially reduced circumferential, as opposed to axial, arterial stiffness in wild-type mice. Similarly, genetic deletion of SMC FAK, which attenuated arterial contraction to KCl, reduced vessel wall thickness and circumferential arterial stiffness in response to pressure while having minimal effect on axial mechanics. Moreover, these effects of FAK deletion were lost by treating arteries with blebbistatin or by inhibiting myosin light-chain kinase. The expression of arterial fibrillar collagens, the integrity of arterial elastin, or markers of SMC differentiation were not affected by the deletion of SMC FAK. Our results connect cell contractility and SMC FAK to the regulation of arterial wall thickness and directionally specific arterial stiffening.
¿Aprender, Compartir, Contribuir? Perspectivas de Personas con Discapacidad Intelectual sobre su Participación en Investigaciones
Authors: Diaz-Garolera Gemma , Fullana Judit , Pallisera Maria , Puyaltó Carolina , Rey Ana
Published: October 2022

La Convención de los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad reconoce el valor de las contribuciones que éstas pueden realizar al bienestar y a la diversidad y, con ello, el papel activo que deben desarrollar en las investigaciones que tratan sobre sus vidas. El año 2012 el Grupo de Investigación en Diversidad de la Universitat de Girona constituyó un Consejo Asesor formado por personas con discapacidad intelectual. Desde este momento hasta la actualidad han integrado este Consejo 35 personas, participando en actividades de asesoramiento, colaboración y gestión de investigaciones sobre la discapacidad. El artículo muestra qué ha representado para estas personas participar en procesos de investigación. Se han analizado más de 380 documentos producidos durante nueve años (actas y transcripciones de reuniones, vídeos, presentaciones, etc.). Los participantes valoran positivamente compartir experiencias, aprender, socializarse, trabajar temas relevantes para sus vidas en un contexto de respeto hacia sus aportaciones. Valoran, aunque con menor énfasis, su contribución al conocimiento sobre la discapacidad.  Del estudio se desprende la necesidad de implicar a los asesores en acciones de movilización del conocimiento dirigidas al ámbito profesional y las políticas sociales para poner en valor el papel necesario que ellos tienen para el cambio social.
La Justicia Social en la Concreción Curricular de los Grados de Maestro
Authors: Monge Carlos , Gómez Patricia , García-Barrera Alba
Published: October 2022

La educación para la justicia social y la formación del profesorado resultan dos temas de especial interés para la transformación de las personas y de las sociedades. El principal objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la presencia/ausencia de la justicia social en la planificación de la formación inicial del profesorado de Educación Infantil y Primaria en los diferentes niveles de concreción curricular. Se trató de un análisis documental en tres niveles: (1) los libros blancos de los Grados de Maestro, (2) las memorias de verificación de dichas titulaciones de las universidades españolas incluidas en el Ranking Shanghái y (3) las guías docentes de todas las asignaturas de estas titulaciones seleccionadas (n = 1 856). Los principales resultados indicaron una presencia sustancial de la justicia social en las competencias, tanto en el primer como en el segundo nivel de concreción curricular. No obstante, su distribución fue desigual en las guías docentes en función de la universidad, la titulación, el curso, el carácter de la asignatura y los elementos curriculares. Se necesitan políticas públicas que conformen un primer nivel de concreción más comprometido con la temática, así como mayor uniformidad entre las titulaciones y universidades.
PUNTO ÓPTIMO CARDIORRESPIRATORIO, COMPOSICION CORPORAL Y MEDIDAS BIOQUÍMICAS: UN ESTUDIO CON GEMELOS
Authors: Borges M.V.O. , Sousa E.C. , Medeiros J.F.P. , Medeiros R.M.V. , Oliveira V.C. , Costa R.F. , Luchessi A.D. , Dantas P.M.S.
Published: October 2022

El propósito de este estudio fue investigar la relación de la composición corporal y las variables bioquímicas con el POC, así como observar la tendencia de la heredabilidad. Estudio transversal con gemelos monocigóticos y dicigóticos adultos. Para obtener los valores del POC, la prueba de ejercicio cardiopulmonar fue realizada se realizó un protocolo con sobre cinta rodante. Para la composición corporal, se utilizaron laabsorciometríade energía dual y la antropometría. Para las inferencias, se realizaron la concordancia de Spearman y la prueba de hipótesisMann-Whitney.Los resultados mostraron que lasvariables de composición corporal no se correlacionaron significativamente con el punto óptimo cardiorrespiratorio. El Punto Óptimo Cardiorrespiratorio y las variables bioquímicas en general demostraron una mayor tendencia a ser influenciados por factores ambientales. El comportamiento de las variables de composición corporal demostró una mayor influencia de la heredabilidad.
RELACIÓN ENTRE LA CARGA INTERNA Y EXTERNA EN ÁRBITROS DE BALONCESTO
Authors: García-Santos D. , Pino-Ortega J. , García-Rubio J. , Vaquera A. , Ibáñez S.J.
Published: October 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en analizar las relaciones existentes entre los parámetros de carga interna (objetiva y subjetiva) y externa. La muestra estuvo compuesta por un total de 15 partidos disputados en el Eurobasket femenino U-16, donde participaron un total de nueve árbitros (6 masculinos y 3 femeninos). Las variables analizadas de carga interna fueron la frecuencia cardiaca y la percepción subjetiva de esfuerzo. Las variables de carga externa se dividieron en cinemáticas y neuromusculares, medidas a través de dispositivos inerciales. Los resultados explican que existen relaciones entre los valores de carga interna objetiva y carga externa, así como entre las variables de carga externa. En cambio, no existen relaciones entre la carga interna subjetiva y las variables de carga interna y externa objetiva, exceptuando el PowerMetabolic. Estos resultados demuestran que la competición y el nivel de los árbitros influyen en gran medida en las variables subjetivas.
RELACIÓN ENTRE METODOLOGÍAS DE CONTROL DE LA CARGA EN EL BALONCESTO PROFESIONAL
Authors: López-Laval I. , Cirer-Sastre R. , Sitko S. , Corbi F. , Vaquera A. , Calleja-González J.
Published: October 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la relación existente entre diferentes metodologías de medición de la carga de entrenamiento en un equipo profesional de baloncesto. 12 jugadores de un mismo equipo fueron sometidos a estructuras de entrenamiento iguales en cuanto a diseño y fueron monitorizados diariamente con frecuencia cardiaca, GPS y percepción subjetiva de esfuerzo. Los resultados indicaron diferencias significativas entre todas las metodologías de control utilizadas. RPE (x2=12.4; P=.015), sRPE (x2=21.5; P<.001), TRIMP (x2=23.5; P<.001), SHRZ (x2=19.3; P<.001) y distancia (x2=21.7; P<.001). Se observó una correlación entre todas ellas exceptuando la variable distancia recorrida; Borg (p=.19; P=79), sRPE (p=.14; P=.299) y sHR-Z (p=.17; P=.197). Estos resultados sugieren que los diferentes métodos de evaluación utilizados para el control de la carga de entrenamiento determinan resultados variables en un equipo de baloncesto profesional. Se consideró que el ratio de esfuerzo percibido por sesión resulta el instrumento más eficaz para el control de la carga de entrenamiento.
Finansinėse ataskaitose auditoriaus identifikuotų iškraipymų kokybinės charakteristikos, ribojančios šių iškraipymų priskyrimą aiškiai nesvarbių iškraipymų kategorijai
Authors:   , Masiulevičius Audrius
Published: October 2022

Qualitative characteristics of the misstatements identified by the auditor in the financial statements, limiting the classification of these misstatements as clearly trivial
Modern beach sediments of the Danube — Dniester segment of the Black Sea (lithology and genesis)
Authors: NESTEROVSKY V.A. , DEYAK M.A. , TARNOVETSKYI A.K.
Published: October 2022

The acumulative beach deposits of the western-north coast of the Black Sea in the area from the village of Liman (Katran spit) to the village of Carolino-Bugaz (Odesa region) have been studied. The length of the coastal line in the study area is approximately 86 km. The following forms of beach areas are widespread here: spit, spills, sloping beaches. 35 samples were taken and analyzed from all types of beach depressions by the same methodology during the summer period. The sampling was carried out at all accessible for sampling places of beach deposits from the middle part of the near5shore beaches (between the water level and the shore) and at a distance of 5—7 m from the water’s edge on the headlands and spits in the period when there are no storms. For this purpose standard plastic containers with a capacity of 1 liter were used. The samples were taken from a depth of 30 cm from the surface with a stripping area of 30´30 cm. At each point the description of the coastal zone structure and the character of beach deposits was carried out, then recorded in the logbook and were connected to the coordinates by GPS system. Granulometric and mineralogical analysis was carried out. It was determined that fractions 0,25—0,5 mm prevail in the granulometric composition among all types of beach deposits, which makes 66%, and 0,1—0,25 mm — 30%. In the minimum quantities there are coarse-grained and aleuropelite fractions. The main places of localization of drilled-grained psammite and aleuropelite fractions are the areas with low influence of coastal tidal processes. However, during the periods of increased hydrodynamic activity (autumn5winter), additional resuspension of material takes place, which results in displacement of other fractions from the deposits and their transfer to the seaside. Beach sediments are 90—95% quartz. The other — calcite, feldspar, mica, technogenic substances. Ore minerals are represented by magnetite, lime spheroids, ilmenite, acerbic garnets, stavrolite, actinolite. The main sources of terrigenous material for the formation of beach deposits on the studied area of the coastline are: underwater bench, river flow of the Dniester and the coastal abrasion. The direction along the coastal stream from Odessa to the Danube is the strongest in the distribution of sediments. In general, the beach deposits of this segment of the coastare environmentally clean, with no radioactive minerals and the content of man5made material does not exceed 0,1%.
Ozone and ultraviolet in the Earth's atmosphere
Authors: GORDIENKO V.V. , GORDIENKO L.Ya. , HONCHAROVA Ya.A.
Published: October 2022

The appearance of the ozone layer (OL) in the Earth’s atmosphere and the associated processes of attenuation of the ultraviolet (UV) part of solar radiation reaching the surface are considered. It is shown that the role of OL in protecting living organisms from the destructive effects of exposure to the short-wavelength part of the insolation spectrum is immensely exaggerated. Ozone is generated by UV radiation below the ionosphere when oxygen molecules in the air are divided. When absorbed by UV rays, it is destroyed. Ozone exists for the longest time at minimum temperatures of the atmosphere. This circumstance and the increased density lead to the accumulation of O3 above the tropopause, where the OL is formed. The amount of simultaneously existing gas is extremely insignificant — about 10⁻⁶ air. It is this circumstance that makes it possible to estimate its contribution to the absorption of UV rays as vanishingly small. Compared with it, the scattering of rays by air molecules is incomparably more effective, although each single act of absorption of the middle part of the ultraviolet is several times greater than a single result of scattering. One can agree with the idea of the elimination of ozone molecules by reaction with freons and other gases containing halogens, including those of volcanic origin. It is also possible that it interacts with hydrogen, but H2 rather arising in the atmosphere, and not in the bowels of the Earth. But the processes of changing the OL, including the periodic formation of «ozone holes», do not pose any danger and are explained by natural phenomena, and not by human activity. A very expensive campaign to save the layer makes no sense. On the other hand, ground5level ozone concentration increases over time precisely under the influence of industrial emissions. In the cities of developed countries, the content of this poisonous gas already often exceeds permissible levels and it is time to take up more effective counteraction to its accumulation.
Morphological study on hairs from mammalian predators in Bulgaria
Authors: Mihaylov R. , Kirilov K.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The morphological characteristics of the hairs can be used for species identification in ecological and
zoological studies, in forensic and forensic veterinary examinations. Large-scale hairs model is one of the important
identification features and can be used as a “fingerprint”. In this study the morphological hairs characteristics of nine
Bulgarian carnivore mammals were investigated. The values for the length, total hairs diameter, medullary diameter
and medullary index were determined. The combined use of hairs parameters and the medullary index (MI) are a
guarantee of greater reliability in species identification. For comparison, we observed under a microscope hairs fixed
by transparent tape in order to offer a quick test for species identification
Canopy temperature and chlorophyll content as plant traits indicators for durum wheat
(Triticum durum Desf. ) superior lines selection under semi-arid conditions
Authors: Oulmi A. , Aissaoui M.R.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The present study was carried out at the experimental site of the Agricultural Research Station of the Technical Institute for Field Crops (ITGC) in Setif province, where some plant traits indicators such as grain yield, above-ground biomass, canopy temperature, and chlorophyll content were evaluated in a later generation (F8) of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). The results showed that some lines from the later generation (F8) outperformed the crossed parents in all measured traits, which reflects the breadth of the genetic base that members of the eighth generation integrate and illustrates the possibility of isolating some superior lines with high productivity and resistance to abiotic stresses. Among all experimented lines, both lines L10 and L46 outperformed in grain yield (GY), canopy temperature (CT) and above-ground biomass (BM). The study of phenotypic correlations revealed the presence of a significantly negative relationship between canopy temperature and grain yield (r = - 0.293), as well as for canopy temperature and above-ground biomass (r = - 0.376) confirming that lines grown at low temperature are more productive in grain yield and biomass. These correlations are very important in plant breeding programs for improving wheat production as they indicate that new superior lines can be discriminated and isolated more efficiently from the crossed parents in terms of resistance to abiotic stresses well present in the semi-arid regions.
Sposoby i formy zawarcia ugody mediacyjnej w dobie pandemii COVID-19
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Arkuszewska Aneta
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this paper is to present the methods of concluding mediation agreements in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic in the situation of online mediation, which involves the use of an appropriate form, i.e. written or electronic. It has been pointed out that in connection with the pandemic it is not so much the new form but an innovative way of concluding a mediation agreement, i.e. by means of Art. 183 12 § 2 in fine of the Civil Procedure Code, which is admissible by the court but should be used only exceptionally and only when the court authorizes the mediator to conclude an agreement in such a way that it can have all the effects in the sphere of substantive and procedural law.
Błędy definiowania w aktach normatywnych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Polska, Rybak-Karkosz Olivia , Ławrentjew Sylwia ,   Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Polska
Published: October 2022

This study analyses canons of defining terms in legal acts, especially mistake such as idem per idem and ignotum per ignotum. The former is made when the defined word is repeated in clarification. The latter is committed when an unknown word is defined using another unknown word without explaining what any of them means. It is commonly accepted that avoidance of such mistakes is paramount during the regulation process. However, many examples are found in polish legal acts of different ranks where this postulate has not been retained. This paper aims to present those examples and analyze whether the definiendum’s repetition in definiens plays merely an esthetic part or is it a semantic one that is inconsistent with correct defining canons.
Stosunek adwokackiej spółki partnerskiej do osób trzecich w zakresie odpowiedzialności partnerów za zobowiązania
Authors:   Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Polska, Sadowska-Dziwina Agnieszka
Published: October 2022

A partner company is one of the types of partnerships. Its purpose is to exercise a free profession within it. In comparison with other partnerships, it is distinguished by specific rules of liability for the company’s obligations. Partners are not responsible for errors in the art of other partners. It is possible to extend this liability on the basis of a contract. An article to discuss this issue on the example of advocate partnership companies.
Wykroczenie prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej na terenie pomnika zagłady lub jego strefy ochronnej bez wymaganej zgody (art. 19 § 1 o.t.o.z.)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie, Polska, Wróbel Adam
Published: October 2022

In the article have been analyzed the features and the criminal threat of an offence of conducting business activity on the premises of the Extermination Memorial or its protection zone without the required consent, specified in Art. 19 § 1 of the Act on the protection of the areas of former nazi death camps (p.a.d.c.). In this context – the issues of the subject of protection, verb feature, economic activity and its regulation-rationing, object, objective side, place of committing the offense, criminal threat – are raised. The economic activity, referred to in Art. 19 § 1 p.a.d.c., is an organized gainful activity that is carried out on one’s own behalf and on a continuous manner. This activity may take a limited form, defined in Art. 8 § 1 p.a.d.c. This offense: may be committed intentionally or unintentionally, has common and formal character. The perpetrator of this offense is subject to a fine, which may – exceptionally – be replaced by socially useful work or a penalty of arrest.
Ryzyko regulacyjne sztucznej inteligencji. Analiza na przykładzie zakazu dyskryminacji osób z niepełnosprawonościami w sytuacji triage’u pandemicznego (prawo niemieckie)
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Polska, Wyszyński Filip
Published: October 2022

The subject of the article is the problem of regulation of artificial intelligence in conceptual terms. The thesis is the formulation that the legislator creating casuistic legal norms gives artificial intelligence room to create its own norms as a procedure of autonomous choice (main thesis). The background for the consideration is the rule prohibiting discrimination against persons with disabilities in a pandemic triage situation (COVID-19). The considerations are divided into four parts, derived from the European Commission’s classification of risks regarding the regulation of artificial intelligence. Each of the four parts of the deliberations is illustrated by a thesis from four judgments of the Federal Constitutional Court, one judgment for each part of the deliberations. The framework for the deliberations is the German legal order. The article is summarised with final conclusions.
Charakterystyka umowy z następcą jako instytucji prowadzącej do przeniesienia prawa własności gospodarstwa rolnego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska, Zielepucha Maciej
Published: October 2022

Agreement with a successor is an institution enabling the transfer of the right of ownership of a farm to a successor, that is a person younger at least 15 years than current owner (farmer). Despite the fact that in Polish legal system such an agreement has existed for about 30 years and has not been amended since that time, it still raises many practical problems. In this paper the author analyses legal regulation of an agreement with a successor which mainly are not disputed by the judiciary and the doctrine. He also cites a critical stance taken by academics towards the agreement. Additionally, the author indicates that an agreement with a successor and an agreement transferring the right of ownership of a farm, concluding for the purpose of its execution, are not often encountered in conduct of legal transactions.
Karnoprawna ochrona przepisów kulinarnych w świetle art. 115 ust. 1 ustawy z dnia 4 lutego 1994 r. o prawie autorskim i prawach pokrewnych
Authors:   WSPiA Rzeszowska Szkoła Wyższa, Polska, Domański Adam
Published: October 2022

Criminal law protection of recipes is a complicated issue, therefore each case related to suspicion of plagiarism should be examined separately. A culinary recipe consisting of a list of ingredients and a description of the preparation of a dish may be protected under Art. 115 paragraph 1 of the Act of 4 February 1994 – Law on Copyright and Related Rights, but only if it has the features of a copyright work – creative and individual character and if it has been established. The legislator deliberately deprived the legal protection of discoveries, procedures, ideas, principles and methods of operation and mathematical concepts so as not to disturb the progress of civilization.It is impossible to commit a plagiarism by copying only the list of ingredients from another person’s culinary recipe. Admittedly, the procedures and methods of operation are not covered by copyright protection, however in the case of appropriation of a recipe containing a creative and colorful description of the preparation of the dish with the simultaneous dissemination of this provision as it is own, without the prior consent of author, the features of a crime in the form of plagiarism may be realized.
Czy przepisy o postępowaniu w sprawach gospodarczych powinny znaleźć zastosowanie w postępowaniu nieprocesowym?
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Polska, Kostwiński Marcin
Published: October 2022

In this article, the author discusses whether it is possible to apply provisions of proceedings in commercial matters when a court hears a commercial case in non-contentious proceedings. The starting point for the analysis is the unclear regulation of Art. 4582 of the Code of Civil Procedure which contains a catalogue of commercial matters that is supposed to determine the scope of application of the special contentious proceedings, and which also includes some non-contentious matters. The author takes a critical approach to the above regulation and tries to prove that the provisions on proceedings in commercial matters cannot be applied in non-contentious proceedings.
Instrumenty ochrony podmiotów gospodarczych sektora bankowego zagrożonych praktykami monopolistycznymi w Polsce, Czechach i Słowacji
Authors:   Akademia Humanistyczno-Ekonomiczna w Łodzi, Polska, Małecka Elżbieta
Published: October 2022

The goal of the paper is presenting legal-administrative instruments of protecting economic entities exposed to the employment of monopolistic practices available to the Polish Financial Supervision Authority and its equivalents in Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Polish Financial Supervision Authority is not a classic regulatory body, however, it has at its disposal instruments influencing competition, e.g. considering an entity a dominant entity or an entity with close connections to a bank, considering a bank to be significant, objection regarding purchasing or taking up shares, objection regarding becoming a dominant entity of a domestic bank, permission for banks to merge. This paper will present the solutions functioning in Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Tensile properties of cement-stabilised clays and their contribution to seawall design
Authors: Wong Anthony L. , Chung Philip W. K. , Chu Florence L. F. , So Sunny T. C. , Wong Louis N. Y.
Published: October 2022

Deep cement mixing is a typical ground improvement technique, and has recently been introduced in some large-scale reclamation projects in Hong Kong. There is a lack of internationally recognised testing standard for determining the tensile strength of cement-stabilised soil. In this study, tensile properties of cement-stabilised clays have been investigated using direct tension test and Brazilian test. The interpretation of tensile strength in Brazilian test is not straightforward due to the formation of multiple cracks during loading. As such, focus is placed on the validation of the fundamental assumption on crack initiation mechanism. A consolidated database of tensile strengths of cement-stabilised soils is compiled. A constitutive model in the finite-element program Plaxis, namely concrete model, has been studied. This model, originally aiming to simulate the behaviour of concrete and shotcrete, duly considers the cracking and the strain-softening characteristics, and is able to reasonably simulate the fundamental tensile behaviour of cement-stabilised soil. Numerical simulations have been carried out using the concrete model to assess the stability of seawall founded on cement-stabilised clay. Tensile properties are found to have an important bearing in maintaining the stability of the seawall when column-pattern stabilisation is adopted.
A Case Study on the Relationship between Water Quality Parameters: Bursa
Authors: GUMUS Ergun
Published: October 2022

Monitoring the quality of mains water in residential areas where industrialization is intense is of vital importance in terms of human health. For this purpose, quality parameters expressing the physical, chemical and biological properties of water are periodically observed through laboratory tests. During the evaluation of water quality, these parameters can be assessed individually or as a group by considering their interrelations. In this context, by using water quality reports of Bursa province which is an industrial city, answers to two questions were sought. The first of these questions is, getting evaluated on a group basis, which groups of water quality parameters are found to be highly correlated. The second question is whether the correlation between these interrelated parameter groups can be maintained in different measurement periods. For these purposes, analyzes were made using an approach which utilizes canonical correlation analysis, exhaustive scanning, and sliding window methods. As a result of these analyzes, it was observed that used approach gave successful results in terms of determining interrelated parameter groups and the differences in terms of interrelations between the measurement periods over these groups.
The Relationship between School Principals' Sources of Power and Preschool Teachers' Occupational Sense of Belonging Levels
Authors: GÜNDOĞDU Serhat
Published: October 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of sources of power used by school principals on preschool teachers' occupational sense of belonging level. Correlational survey model was used in this quantitative study. The participants of the research consisted of 396 volunteering preschool teachers currently working in 53 different cities in Turkey. 'Organizational Sources of Power Scale' and 'Occupational Sense of Belonging Scale' were used as data collection tools. Data were analysed in software package program. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationships between sources of power and occupational sense of belonging levels. It was determined whether sources of power were predictors of occupational sense of belonging level through regression analysis. The results of the study show that school principals use legitimate power most frequently and preschool teachers have a high level of professional belonging. There is a significant and positive relationship between referent power, expert power, reward power and legitimate power used by school principals and preschool teachers' occupational sense of belonging levels. There is a significant and negative relationship between the coercive power used by school principals and preschool teachers' occupational sense of belonging levels. Referent power and reward power, which are sources of power used by school principals, are significant predictors of preschool teachers' occupational sense of belonging levels. The findings were discussed and recommendations were presented in relation to the relevant literature.