bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical study of the Cu2+ sensor based on ZIF-67/MWCNTs/Nafion
Authors: Ding Lifeng , Song Yuru , Li Qiang , Wang Qi , Zhang Jie , Song Zhengwei , Li Shengling , Liu Jiayu , Zhang Xin
Published: January 2024

In this work, a ZIF-67/MWCNTs/Nafion sensor platform was constructed based on the good adsorption capacity of ZIF-67, the electrical conductivity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and the excellent chemical stability of Nafion for the detection of Cu2+ in water. Meanwhile, the modified materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET specific surface area test, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance (EIS), and square wave solvation voltammetry (SWSV) electrochemical methods were used to perform applied test studies on ZIF-67/MWCNTs/Nafion/GCE. The results show that ZIF-67/MWCNTs/Nafion/GCE has high sensitivity (57.5 μA/μM) and a low limit of detection (15.0 nM) for the electrochemical detection of Cu2+ ions in an electrochemical sensing system. It has high adsorption selectivity for Cu2+, and the recovery of Cu2+ in real water reached 98.6%-103%. The modified electrode has good repeatability, reproducibility, anti-interference, and stability, which makes this sensing platform can be practically applied to the detection of domestic water.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman dengan Strategi DRTA dan Media Cerita Bergambar
Authors: Afdila Nasikhah , Suhartono Suhartono , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman dengan menerapkan strategi pembelajaran DRTA dan media cerita bergambar pada siswa kelas III. Subyek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas III SDN 1 Gemeksekti yang berjumlah 23 siswa. Penelitian ini termasuk Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yaitu suatu jenis penelitian yang dilakukan oleh guru untuk memecahkan masalah pembelajaran di kelas. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui teknik tes dan teknik nontes Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan (1) langkah-langkah penerapan strategi pembelajaran DRTA dan media cerita bergambar yaitu membuat prediksi berdasarkan judul, membuat prediksi berdasarkan gambar, menulis prediksi cerita, membaca bahan bacaan, menilai ketepatan prediksi dan menyesuaikan prediksi, (2) penerapan strategi Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) dan media cerita bergambar dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman pada siswa kelas III SDN1 Gemeksekti, (3) terdapat kendala dalam penerapan strategi pembelajaran DRTA dan media cerita bergambar dan terdapat solusi untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah penerapan strategi DRTA dan media cerita bergambar dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman dalam pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia pada siswa kelas III SDN 1 Gemeksekti tahun ajaran 2021/2022.

 
Penerapan Model Kooperatif Tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar SBdP tentang Karya Seni Rupa Daerah pada Siswa Kelas V SD
Authors: Septiani Qori , Susiani Tri Saptuti , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu: (1) mendeskripsikan langkah-langkah model kooperatif tipe STAD; (2) meningkatkan hasil belajar SBdP tentang karya seni rupa daerah pada siswa kelas V; (3) mendeskripsikan kendala dan solusi yang ditemui dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas V SDN 5 Kebumen. Data yang digunakan yakni data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes, observasi, dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan yakni reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yaitu: (1) langkah model kooperatif tipe STAD, yaitu menyajikan materi, membentuk kelompok, diskusi kelompok, membimbing kelompok, evaluasi, memberikan penghargaan, dan kesimpulan; (2) hasil belajar siswa meningkat, yaitu siklus I = 72,92%, siklus II = 89,58%, dan siklus III = 95,83%; (3) kendala yang ditemui yaitu siswa kurang memperhatikan penjelasan materi dan pengerjaan kuis, kurang aktif dalam diskusi kelompok. Hal ini disimpulkan bahwa model kooperatif tipe STAD dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar SBdP tentang karya seni rupa daerah pada siswa kelas V SDN 5 Kebumen tahun ajaran 2022/2023.

 
Using an object-based machine learning ensemble approach to upscale evapotranspiration measured from eddy covariance towers in a subtropical wetland
Authors: Zhang Caiyun , Brodylo David , Rahman Mizanur , Rahman Md Atiqur , Douglas Thomas , Comas Xavier
Published: January 2024

Accurate prediction of evapotranspiration (ET) in wetlands is critical for understanding the coupling effects of water, carbon, and energy cycles in terrestrial ecosystems. Multiple years of eddy covariance (EC) tower ET measurements at five representative wetland ecosystems in the subtropical Big Cypress National Preserve (BCNP), Florida (USA) provide a unique opportunity to assess the performance of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) ET operational product MOD16A2 and upscale tower measured ET to generate local/regional wetland ET maps. We developed an object-based machine learning ensemble approach to evaluate and map wetland ET by linking tower measured ET with key predictors from MODIS products and meteorological variables. The results showed MOD16A2 had poor performance in characterizing ET patterns and was unsatisfactory for estimating ET over four wetland communities where Nash-Sutcliffe model Efficiency (NSE) was less than 0.5. In contrast, the site-specific machine learning ensemble model had a high predictive power with a NSE larger than 0.75 across all EC sites. We mapped the ET rate for two distinctive seasons and quantified the prediction diversity to identify regions easier or more challenging to estimate from model-based analyses. An integration of MODIS products and other datasets through the machine learning upscaling paradigm is a promising tool for local wetland ET mapping to guide regional water resource management.
A rapid scoping review of harm reduction strategies for ecstasy (MDMA) users in recreational settings
Authors: Edwards Deborah , Csontos Judit , Pascoe Michael J , Westwell Andrew , Gillen Elizabeth , Bennett Clare , Hannigan Ben , Carrier Judith , Harden Jane
Published: January 2024

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can occur due to ecstasy use, and the number of people dying due to drug-related deaths has increased in the past 10 years. Harm reduction strategies could help prevent ADRs or decrease the incidence of life-threatening health consequences due to ecstasy use. However, no reviews have explored the breadth of evidence available on ecstasy harm reduction strategies. Methods: A rapid scoping review was conducted using adapted JBI methodology to identify the prevalence and nature of harm reduction strategies that ecstasy users employ in recreational settings, with both peer-reviewed research and user-oriented drug information websites explored. Five databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO, CENTRAL) were searched for English language records from database inception to August 2022. User-oriented websites were identified via the project’s stakeholder group and Google searches. Results: Twenty reports representing 19 studies (one randomised control trial, nine quantitative descriptive studies and nine qualitative studies) were included. A wide variety of harm reduction strategies were reported, including drug-specific strategies (for example, limiting the amount of ecstasy consumed, buying from trusted sources, drug checking (pill testing)); behavioural strategies (for example, monitoring fluid (water) consumption, taking a rest break to regulate temperature, avoiding alcohol and mixing with other drugs; preloading and post-loading); and peer-related strategies (for example not using alone, looking out for friends). Ecstasy users obtain information on ecstasy’s effects and/or harm reduction practices from a variety of sources including friends, nightclubs, TV news, drug leaflets, music magazines and user-oriented information websites. Fourteen user-oriented websites providing ecstasy-specific harm reduction information were identified, and strategies focused on dosage and frequency of use, interaction with other substances and prevention of health consequences, such as heatstroke, or dehydration among others. However, only two webpages provided citations to the evidence used for the content. Conclusions: While numerous harm reduction strategies exist, employing them can depend on the users’ overall goal/s which might also encompass avoiding comedown or increasing their high. Moreover, users’ previous experience can influence how and when they adhere to harm reduction. More efficient ways of communicating harms and harm reduction strategies might be needed.
Unravelling the Belgian cascade of hypertension care and its determinants: Insights from a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Bos Philippe , Wouters Edwin , Danhieux Katrien , Olmen Josefien Van , Remmen Roy , Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin , Boateng Daniel , Buffel Veerle
Published: January 2024

Background. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality worldwide. Despite the widespread availability of effective antihypertensives, blood pressure (BP) control rates remain suboptimal, even in high-income countries such as Belgium. In this study, we used a cascade of care approach to identify where most patients are lost along the continuum of hypertension care in Belgium, and to assess the main risk factors for attrition at various stages of hypertension management.
Methods. Using cross-sectional data from the 2018 Belgian Health Interview Survey and the Belgian Health Examination Survey, we estimated hypertension prevalence among the Belgian population aged 40-79 years, and the proportion that was (1) screened, (2) diagnosed, (3) linked to care, (4) in treatment, (5) followed up and (6) well-controlled. Cox regression models were estimated to identify individual risk factors for being unlinked to hypertension care, untreated and not followed up appropriately.
Results. The prevalence of hypertension based on self-reported and measured high BP was 43.3%. While 98% of the hypertensive population had their BP measured in the past 5 years, only 56.7% were diagnosed. Furthermore, 53.4% were linked to care, 49.8% were in treatment and 46.8% received adequate follow-up. Less than a quarter (23.5%) achieved BP control. Among those diagnosed with hypertension, males, those of younger age, without comorbidities, and smokers, were more likely to be unlinked to care. Once in care, younger age, lower BMI, financial hardship, and psychological distress were associated with a higher risk of being untreated. Finally, among those treated for hypertension, females and those of younger age were more likely to receive no adequate follow-up.
Conclusion. Our results show that undiagnosed hypertension is the most significant barrier to BP control in Belgium. Health interventions are thus needed to improve the accurate and timely diagnosis of hypertension. Once diagnosed, the Belgian health system retains patients fairly well along the continuum of hypertension care, yet targeted health interventions to improve hypertension management for high-risk groups remain necessary, especially with regard to improving treatment rates.
Effects of grazer density, season and land cover on bird guilds in a restored conservation area
Authors: Lovász Lilla , Korner-Nievergelt Fränzi , Amrhein Valentin
Published: January 2024

Context
Grazing by large herbivores is an increasingly used management tool in European nature reserves. A challenge in grassland conservation is to maintain both the openness and the heterogeneity of the habitat, to support their animal communities, including birds. Horses and cattle are often used to create and maintain patchy landscapes, especially in rewilding projects, but the influence of grazers on birds is often debated by conservationists.
Objectives
We studied how the abundance and species richness of birds of four foraging guilds are related to the area use of Highland cattle and Konik horses in an alluvial grassland. We also investigated how season and land cover influences the spatial distribution of individuals and species of different bird guilds on the grazed area.
Methods
We equipped all grazers with GPS-collars to assess the density of their hourly positions. We made weekly transect counts of birds to describe their distribution and carried out land cover surveys to describe the habitat. We used GAMM models in a spatially explicit framework.
Results
Open-area foraging birds were clearly associated with higher grazer densities, and aerial, wetland and woodland birds also seemed to profit from low-intensity year-round grazing. Most bird species and individuals were observed on open landscapes scattered with woody patches and waterbodies, and on areas with moderate grazer density. The number of birds on the grazed area was about twice the number on the ungrazed control area.
Conclusions
A heterogenous landscape maintained by low-intensity grazing seems to fulfil the needs of birds with different feeding ecologies.
Efficacy of Methylene Blue in Refractory Septic Shock: Study Protocol for a Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Jia Jinxin , Ji Jingjing , Liu Zhifeng
Published: January 2024

Background
Septic shock is now the leading cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICUs). Refractory septic shock requires high doses of vasopressors. Some previous studies have revealed that methylene blue could improve hypotension status and help reduce the dosage of catecholamines. This study aims to investigate the clinical effect of methylene blue in septic shock and explore whether it can increase arterial pressure and reduce the usage of vasopressors.
Methods
This study is a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial planning to include 100 refractory septic shock patients. The protocol is to administer a bolus of 2 mg/kg methylene blue intravenously followed by a continuous infusion of 0.5 mg/kg/h for 48 hours. The primary outcome is the total dose of vasopressor required in refractory septic shock in the first 48 hours. Secondary outcomes include other hemodynamic parameters, oxygen metabolism indexes, tissue perfusion indexes, major organ function indexes, and certain plasma cytokines and other factors.
Discussion
This protocol aims to evaluates the safety and efficacy of methylene blue as adjuvant therapy for refractory septic shock. The main outcome measure will be vasopressor requirements and hemodynamic parameters. Additionally, bedside ultrasonography, blood gases, and cytokines will be assessed to evaluate perfusion, respiratory, and metabolic effects. The results are intended to provide evidence on the safety and efficacy of methylene blue in refractory septic shock, guiding clinical decision-making.
Trial registration
This clinical trial has been registered at ChiCTR (https://www.chictr.org.cn/). ChiCTR registration number: ChiCTR2300069430.
The effect of tropicamide 0.5% versus tropicamide 1% on intraocular pressure in patients with diabetes mellitus: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sadr Navid Elmi , Mirsharif Seyyedeh Sedigheh , Lavvaf Samaneh , Hariri Ramyar
Published: January 2024

Objectives
To assess and compare the effects of tropicamide 0.5% and tropicamide 1% on intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter (PD) in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Methods
A total of 98 eyes of 98 open-angle diabetic patients were included in this double-masked randomized clinical trial. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either tropicamide 0.5% (49 eyes) or tropicamide 1% (49 eyes). IOP was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry; PD was measured by Pentacam HR (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), before and 30 minutes after tropicamide administration.
Results
Post-dilation mean IOP was similar to pre-dilation mean IOP in both groups (P ˃ 0.5). No participants had an IOP increase of 5 mm Hg or more and a post-dilation IOP ˃ 21 mm Hg. Mean PD change and IOP change was 2.99 ± 0.62 mm and 0.12 ± 1.71 mm Hg in the tropicamide 0.5% group, and was 3.11 ± 0.55 mm and 0.25 ± 1.70 mm Hg in the tropicamide 1% group, with no significant difference (P = 0.31, P = 0.72, respectively).
Conclusion
The effect of tropicamide 0.5% and tropicamide 1% drops on IOP and PD was similar. Mydriasis with tropicamide did not result in a clinically significant IOP increase in diabetics.
Measurement of the incoherent decay rate of quantum states in quantum annealing with a D-Wave machine
Authors: Imoto Takashi , Susa Yuki , Kadowaki Tadashi , Miyazaki Ryoji , Matsuzaki Yuichiro
Published: January 2024

Quantum annealing has been demonstrated with superconducting qubits. Such a quantum annealer has been used to solve combinational optimization problems. Moreover, it serves as a quantum simulator for investigating the properties of the quantum many-body systems.
However, the coherence properties of actual devices provided by D-Wave Quantum Inc. have not been explored sufficiently. Here, we measure the energy relaxation of the excited state in quantum annealing with the D-Wave device. Specifically, we investigate the incoherent decay rate of the first excited states of a fully connected Ising model with a transverse field. We find that the decay rate of the excited states of the model is orders of magnitude smaller than that of the excited state of a single qubit, and we qualitatively explain this phenomenon by using theoretical methods. Since our numerical simulations show that the first excited state during QA for the model is entangled, our experimental results indicate that the long-lived entangled state can be generated during QA with the D-Wave machine.
The Creation of Human Epithelial Tissue Graft Derived From Human Blood Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Amniotic Membrane to Be Applied in Emergency Care
Authors: Nguyen Binh Thanh , Balzanelli Mario G , Distratis Pietro , Lazzaro Rita , Nguyen Khanh Hoa , Huong Hoang KC , Tran Thuy Thi Thanh , Nhan Ngoc Hien , Nguyen Hien Thi Thu , Ngo Thai Minh Quan , Nguyen Tuan Kiet , Inchingolo Francesco , Santacroce Luigi , Dipalma Gianna , Nguyen Kieu CD , Isacco Ciro Gargiulo , Duy Thao Huynh
Published: January 2024

Due to its outstanding biological properties human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been a topic of medical research for many years in trying to treat, repair and regenerate difficult damages related to the epithelial surface, corneal epithelial, orthopedic, and infected body parts. The hAM’s showed also to possess crucial anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral properties and immunomodulating qualities. As a consequence, the hAM is one of the most used natural bio-materials in tissue engineering for the construction of bio-scaffolds. We used human hAM (hAM) as a raw material source to home umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) to manufacture collagen membranes that could fully meet the standards for making a skin scaffold, with suitable mechanical strength whilst limiting the risk graft rejection. Among the varieties of stem cells currently being researched MSCs are the most studied and applied due to their outstanding bio-qualities and regenerative features. We used International Society for Cells and Gene Therapy (ISCT) standards to identify and characterize the hUCB-MSCs obtained from a consent donor’s umbilical cord blood. In this study, we used hAM as a scaffold to culture domestic hUBC-MSCs to create human-like epithelial tissues aimed at repairing and regenerating the epithelial layer following trauma, deep damage from accidents, burns, and/or conditions post-operative. We used an inverted phase contrast microscope to observe the cultured growing cells on the amniotic specimens to evaluate morphological changes and epithelial stratification. Staining techniques such as H&E and Trichrome were used to evaluate the morphology and structure of the new epithelial construct, histochemical staining with p63 and ck 1/10 markers was instead used to evaluate the cellular characteristics, the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to validate cell junctions. Ultimately, the results successfully showed the possibility of obtaining human-like epithelial tissue with multiple cell layers with morphology and characteristics similar to human epithelial-like tissue. The results of this study will constitute a potential alternative to autologous skin grafting in cases of heavy skin loss and deep lesions.
Does digital technology promote ecological civilization construction?Evidence from China
Authors: chang jianxin
Published: January 2024

With the rapid growth of digital technology, understanding its impact on ecological civilization construction (ECC) is essential. This study measures the level of digital technology and ECC in 31 provinces of China, from 2011 to 2022. Using a two-way fixed effect model, threshold effect model, and spatial spillover effect model, this study explores the impact of digital technology on ECC. The main research conclusions include: (1) Digital technology can significantly promote ECC. After robustness and endogeneity tests, this conclusion still holds. (2) Regional heterogeneity exists in the promotion effect of digital technology on ECC, manifested as western > central > eastern. (3) The promotion effect of digital technology on ECC is non-linear. When the level of digital technology exceeds a certain threshold, its promotion effect on ECC will be weakened. (4) Digital technology not only promotes ECC in the studied locality but also has a positive spatial spillover effect on ECC in adjacent geographical regions. Based on the above research conclusions, this study identifies some policy implications.
Kinetic Ferromagnetism and Topological Magnons of the Hole-Doped Kitaev Spin Liquid
Authors: Jin Hui-Ke , Kadow Wilhelm , Knap Michael , Knolle Johannes
Published: January 2024

We study the effect of hole doping on the Kitaev spin liquid (KSL) and find that for ferromagnetic (FM) Kitaev exchange K the system is very susceptible to the formation of a FM spin polarization. Through density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) simulations on finite systems, we uncover that the introduction of a single hole with a hopping strength of just t~0.28K is enough to disrupt fractionalization and polarize the spins in the [001] direction due to an order-by-disorder mechanism. Taking into account a material relevant FM anisotropic spin exchange KΓK drives the polarization towards the [111] direction via a reorientation transition into a topological FM state with chiral magnon excitations. We develop a parton mean-field theory incorporating fermionic holons and bosonic spinons/magnons, which accounts for the doping induced FM phases and topological magnon excitations. We discuss experimental signatures and implications for Kitaev candidate materials.
An novel effective and safe model for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in China: gene excavations, clinical validations, and mechanism elucidation
Authors: Wang Jida , Jia Beitian , Miao Jing , Li Dun , Wang Yin , Han Lu , Yuan Yin , Zhang Yuan , Wang Yiyang , Guo Liying , Jia Jianwei , Zheng Fang , Lai Sizhen , Niu Kaijun , Li Weidong , Bian Yuhong , Wang Yaogang
Published: January 2024

Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. Due to the complexity and severity, an early diagnosis is crucial to guarantee a good quality of life.
Methods
The GSE89632 dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and then screened for differential genes using different machine learning methodologies. Blood samples from 320 NAFLD patients and livers from 12 mice were collected for experimental validation.
Results
AP-1 transcriptin factor subunit (FOSB), glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3 (GPAT3), regulator of the cell cycle (RGCC), and ring finger protein 43 (RNF43) were the key diagnostic genes for NAFLD, and they were further confirmed by a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. we found that our selected genes when combined together, exhibited a strong ability in identifying NAFLD samples from normal samples (AUC = 0.997) and experimentally examined the expression of these genes in NAFLD patients and NAFLD mice with the same results.
Conclusions
Data from both clinical and animal studies demonstrate the high sensitivity, specificity and safety of FOSB, GPAT3, RGCC and RNF43 for the diagnosis of NAFLD. The relationship between diagnostic key genes and immune cell infiltration may help to understand the development of NAFLD. The study was reviewed and approved by Ethics Committee of Tianjin Second People's Hospital in 2021 (ChiCTR1900024415).
Influence of residual strength on progressive collapse of GFRP composite panels under transverse loading
Authors: Nazari Ali Reza , Taheri Farid , Khanzadeh-Moradllo Mehdi
Published: January 2024

Collapse of panels under transverse loads has been reported dependent on formation of some unstable subregions surrounded by failure lines (hinges) within the panels, however such a collapse mechanism has been less investigated for the composite panels. In this paper, the significance of residual strength in the flexural failure lines around the unstable subregions through the collapse of GFRP panels was investigated. In the experimental program, the panels made of E-glass/vinylester composite laminates with various layups and aspect ratios were examined. To observe progression of failure lines in the panels due to large deflections, by application of a support composed of tubular components, the restraining influence of support on the panels was minimized. Based on well-known criteria, initiation and evolution of damage in the composite panels were simulated using the FE models. By a good estimation from the compressive residual strength in the failure lines based on the results of uniaxial compressive and three-point-bending tests, the FE models could simulate softening of the composite panels prior to collapse and temporary stability prior to complete loss of load carrying capacity. Using the FE models, contribution of various strain components in the flexural failure of the laminates and the influence of residual strength on the energy absorption capacity was probed for various configurations of the laminates.
Occupational Injuries and Infection Risk Among Senior Medical Students: A Four-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Güllü Muhsin , Turkkan Alpaslan
Published: January 2024

Background
Workplaces present health and safety risks, especially for healthcare workers, such as medical students, who face a variety of hazards. Despite acquiring skills during medical school, medical faculty students, especially those engaged in patient-related practices, face increased injury risks due to factors such as lack of knowledge, insufficient practice, and high workload. This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of occupational injuries among final-year medical students of Uludag University Faculty of Medicine.
Methods
A cross-sectional study analyzed injuries from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022. Data were collected from records, including demographic details, injury specifics, and students’ post-injury attitudes.
Results
In this period, 395 senior students experienced 456 injuries, with prevalence rates of 33.9%, 20.7%, 22.6%, and 30.4% from 2019 to 2022, respectively. The majority (60.7%) were female, and injuries were most common in the Emergency Department (64.9%), predominantly affecting the Hand/Finger (87.7%). Of the 395 students, three were HbsAg positive, 13 anti-HbS negative, one anti-HCV positive, and one anti-HIV positive. Considering the potential window period, only 18% of students gave control blood after 456 injuries.
Conclusion
The study focuses on the prevalence and characteristics of occupational injuries among senior medical students. The findings indicate that healthcare workers require better training, increased awareness of injury prevention, and regular screening for bloodborne diseases. Conducting blood tests after the appropriate window period is crucial to ensure early diagnosis and treatment following an injury.
Septic arthritis or adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) - Analyzing the causes of recurrent fever after arthroscopic combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction: a case report and literature review
Authors: Tian Zenan , Ni Jianlong , Wei Wang , Song Qichun , Liu Shanshan , Wang Dongjian , Li Ruiying , Wang Dazhi , Chen Zhihao , Jia Zhikun , Jiang Jiajun , Shi Zhibin
Published: January 2024

Background
AOSD and septic arthritis share similar clinical symptoms, including recurrent fever, affected joint pain and limited mobility. This similarity poses diagnostic challenges when encountering a case of arthroscopic combined ACL and PCL reconstruction, where clinical evidence is insufficient to establish a definitive diagnosis between the two diseases. In this case, through a series of examinations and diagnostic treatment, the final diagnosis was AOSD.
Case presentation
A 41-year-old male who underwent arthroscopic combined ACL and PCL reconstruction half a month prior was admitted to our hospital with a weeklong history of recurrent fever and polyarticular pain. The positive physical signs and test results were insufficient to establish a definitive diagnosis between AOSD and septic arthritis. Therefore, a multidisciplinary team consisting of the orthopedic, infectious disease, rheumatism and immunology, hematology, respiratory, and pharmaceutical departments was formed to determine the diagnosis and establish a treatment plan. During the treatment period, the patient developed a typical rash and pharyngalgia. Multiple highly effective antibiotics were ineffective during the patient’s treatment, but the symptoms improved significantly after the administration of methylprednisolone, aspirin, and tocilizumab. The diagnosis of AOSD was ultimately determined according to the Yamaguchi criteria. After treatment, the patient's condition remained stable, and he was discharged from the hospital. During the subsequent two-month follow-up, the patient's condition remained stable without recurrence of symptoms, and the knee joint function returned to normal.
Discussion and conclusion
We could not retrieve any relevant case reports of AOSD after arthroscopic combined ACL and PCL reconstruction in several databases. Therefore, we believe this may be the first reported case. In conjunction with the relevant literature, we summarize the differences in clinical symptoms between septic arthritis and AOSD. Reviewing the patient's hospitalization process, we discuss the "controversial" diagnostic and therapeutic measures taken by the multidisciplinary team, along with any doubts and considerations. In conclusion, in cases where it is difficult to establish a definitive diagnosis between AOSD and septic arthritis, a collaborative approach involving multiple departments can be used for diagnosis and treatment, thereby shortening the diagnostic time and avoiding unnecessary diagnosis and treatment.
Intercropping Improves Tea Quantity and Quality with Enhanced Soil Nutrients, Soil Enzyme Activity, and Bacterial Community Structure
Authors: Cao Guangyun , Zhao Guoyu , Qin Jiayong , Yang Xiuju , Zhou Xia , Jin linhong
Published: January 2024

Background and aims
The intercropping practice has drawn more attention in tea gardens and is expected to improve soil nutrient and tea quality and change the soil microbial community composition. However, the effects of clover or peanut intercropped in the tea plant and their effect on soil nutrients and bacterial community structure of tea plantation soil and tea quality and yield are not clear. Here in this study, the soil bacterial community structure, soil nutrient and enzyme activities, tea quality and yield were investigated and compared in different planting pattern.
Methods
The bacterial diversity and community composition and their changes were evaluated by high-throughput sequencing of the V4 region of soil 16S rDNA.
Results
The soil nutrient factors, namely the soil moisture content (MC), pH, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TP), and soil peroxidase, acid phosphatase (ACP), and sucrase (SC) were found increased significantly in the intercropping pattern. The soil bacterial diversity was beneficially increased. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidota, and Gemmmatimonates were found predominant in different cropping patterns but with significantly different abundance. Mantel test correlation analysis showed that the dominant differential bacteria matrix was significantly correlated to the matrix of physicochemical factors such as MC, TN, catalase (CAT), and urease (UE) (p < 0.05). The predicted metabolic function analysis showed that carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, and cell growth/death were the main metabolic functional pathways. Further, tea quality and yield in intercropping practices were all promoted.
Conclusion
The study indicated that these two leguminous plants had compatibility with tea plants and can benefit soil microorganisms and nutritional function hence promoting tea growth. This report provides evidence that leguminous crops are beneficial for the long-term sustainable management and efficient production of tea plantations and are of great potential to raise the incomes of tea farmers and producers.
Transcatheter arterial embolization for unilateral active adrenal hemorrhage that developed after COVID-19 infection: A case report
Authors: Suzuki Tensei , Ymaguchi Hidenori , Kojima Mitsuaki , Kariyasu Toshiya , Nakamoto Raira , Nishikawa Makiko , Machida Haruhiko , Shoko Tomohisa
Published: January 2024

Background: Adrenal hemorrhage is rare with only a few reports of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related adrenal hemorrhage. Herein, we report a case of transcatheter arterial embolization for a unilateral active adrenal hemorrhage that developed after COVID-19.
Case presentation: A 73-year-old, previously healthy man presented to our hospital with sudden right-sided abdominal pain. The patient had a past medical history of hypertension, glaucoma, and COVID-19 without other history of abdominal trauma, anticoagulant use, or neoplastic or autoimmune disease. Urgent transcatheter arterial embolization was performed for an active right adrenal hemorrhage; the middle adrenal artery was embolized with 33% n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate to manage the extravasation. Follow-up computed tomography performed three days later showed that the hematoma had shrunk. Various tests were performed on the day after admission to determine the cause of the adrenal hemorrhage. However, no suspected causes other than Covid-19 infection, including neoplastic diseases, were identified. The general condition of the patient was good; therefore, he was discharged after only one week of hospitalization.
Conclusion: We encountered a case of unilateral adrenal hemorrhage that developed after COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 infection may cause an increased risk of bleeding or thromboembolism and the exact frequency of adrenal hemorrhage secondary to COVID-19 remains unknown; however, COVID-19 infection may cause an increased bleeding risk or thromboembolism. Hence, clinicians should be aware that adrenal hemorrhage is a possible delayed consequence of COVID-19 infection.
Comparison of laser cladding properties of tantalum and tantalum pentoxide powders on titanium substrates
Authors: Li Yi-Ju , Hsieh Yueh-Hung , Lin Wei-Ting , Tran Hong-Chuong , Huang Jun-Wei , kuo tsung yuan , Chien Chi-Sheng
Published: January 2024

Tantalum (Ta) has excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance. However, its application is limited by its high cost. Tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), a stable oxide of Ta, is a key role of Ta surface with excellent biological properties and corrosion resistance and has the advantage of a lower cost. In this study, Ta and Ta2O5 powders were preplaced on titanium (Ti) substrates and irradiated by a diode laser to form single-layer single-pass coatings. For comparison purposes, the scanning process was performed using a range of laser powers (1000, 1500, and 2000 W) and scanning speeds (3–5, 4.5–7.5, and 6–10 mm/s). The Ta coatings showed no surface cracking. However, spherical pores were observed near the fusion line of the coating with the substrate in some samples. The porosity increases with the decrease of laser powers and the scanning speeds. The formation of these pores was attributed mainly to the evaporation of the Ti substrate during the cladding process and the subsequent entrapment of the vapor bubbles within the coating. The Ta2O5 coatings showed almost no pores but exhibited few transverse cracks on the coating surface as a result of the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between the ceramic coating and metallic substrate. For all of the coatings, the coating hardness was significantly higher than that of the substrate. The Ta2O5 coatings (580–700 HV) showed a higher hardness than the Ta coatings (350–400 HV). Moreover, the coating hardness remained approximately constant through the coating depth, whereas that of the Ta coatings showed a notable reduction with an increasing distance from the coating surface.
A novel nomogram for predicting successful weight loss following diet and exercise intervention in people with obesity
Authors: Yu Lei , Wang Jing , Hu Zhendong , Xu Tiancheng , Zhou Weihong
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Obesity is a global health challenge. However, achieving successful weight loss remains challenging. Therefore, this study aims to identify potential factors for weight loss failure by analyzing pre-weight loss data.
Methods
We utilized data encompassing records of 2577 people with obesity who visited weight management clinics from 2013 to 2022, with 1276 having at least a 3-month follow-up visit. Data preprocessing involved selecting 1276 patients with follow-up data. After dietary and exercise interventions, 580 participants achieved successful weight loss. We then divided the participants into two groups to analyze their baseline, those who lost weight and those who did not.
Results
Statistical analysis was conducted using RStudio, 13 predictor variables were identified based on LASSO and logistic regression, and age emerged as the most influential predictor. A nomogram for predicting weight loss success was then developed. The nomogram demonstrated good predictive performance (AUC = 0.807) and clinical applicability, as validated by internal validation methods. Decision curve analysis (DCA) also demonstrated the nomogram's clinical utility in predicting weight loss success.
Conclusion
We developed a nomogram prediction model for successful weight loss. The nomogram is easy to use, highly accurate, and has excellent effect discrimination and calibration capabilities.
Examining Factors Contributing to Mortality in Saudi Arabia: Proposing Effective Healthcare Management Approaches: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Aljarid Sarah , Alonazi Wadi
Published: January 2024

Background
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of death worldwide, and their prevalence is increasing in Saudi Arabia due to unhealthy lifestyles and longer life expectancy. This research aims to investigate the primary causes of mortality in Saudi Arabia and develop healthcare management strategies to improve mortality outcomes, reduce preventable deaths, and enhance the delivery of healthcare services.
Methods
Secondary quantitative data from local statistics perdu GASTAT and WHO is utilized to analyze mortality rates and non-communicable diseases in Saudi Arabia from 2017 to 2021. The study includes the entire Saudi Arabian population, and statistical analysis is performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27 and Microsoft Excel.
Results
The analysis of mortality rates in Saudi Arabia over five years reveals non-communicable diseases as the primary contributors to increased mortality. Variations in mortality rates are observed between adult females and males, with standard deviations (SD) of 3.69 for females and 3.53 for males. Ischemic Heart Disease demonstrates a higher mean mortality rate among males (133.25) compared to females (87.84), followed by Stroke, Neoplasms, Kidney diseases, and Diabetes Mellitus. The regression model highlights the significant impact of different causes of death on mortality rates, offering a robust framework for predicting these rates (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
To effectively address the leading causes of mortality, Saudi Arabia requires comprehensive policy measures to manage healthcare. These measures include public health campaigns, wellness programs, early detection initiatives, government investment in medical research, regulatory measures, and policies promoting healthy lifestyles.
Efficacy of BTK inhibitor administered for central high-risk systemic diffuse large B cell lymphoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Litian , Li Cuicui , Yue Ningning , Jiang Haoyun , Jin Qiqi , Cao Jiajia , Wu Chongyang
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study was to explore the efficacy of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) in treating patients with central high-risk systemic diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), while also assessing the influence of genomic variants on treatment outcomes.
Materials and methods
The safety, efficacy, and prognosis of patients treated with BTKi-containing regimens were analyzed. Genetic variants on treatment efficacy were analyzed using whole-exome sequencing (WES).
Results
Of the 10 patients with central high-risk systemic DLBCL, nine completed treatment and were available for efficacy evaluation. The overall response rate (ORR) was 55.6%. And the 1-year central nervous system infiltration rate was 11.1% (1/9) after receiving prophylactic treatment with BTKi. In a separate group of 16 patients with PCNSL, which included three patients with relapsed PCNSL, the median overall survival (OS) was 9 (9–16) months, and six patients with primary refractory disease had a median OS of 18 (2–31) months. Besides, seven patients with PCNSL newly treated with a combination of chemotherapy and BTKi, the ORR was 100% after two courses of treatment. WES was performed on 18 patients with PCNSL, including five with R/R PCNSL who received a BTKi-containing regimen. The median PFS of 7 (3–9) months and a median OS of 16 (9–29) months.
Conclusion
The findings of this study indicate that BTKi-containing regimens are safe and effective for treating central high-risk systemic DLBCL and PCNSL.
Promoting Stress and Anxiety Recovery in Older adults: Assessing the Therapeutic Influence of Biophilic Green Walls and Outdoor view
Authors: Su Xiaoxue , Xuan Huang
Published: January 2024

Previous research has already provided evidence regarding the favorable impact of green walls and outdoor views on stress reduction and anxiety alleviation. However, there has been limited exploration into the combined effects of green walls and outdoor views on older adults. In this study, a between-subjects experiment was conducted using virtual reality (VR) technology with 23 participants. Following exposure to stressors, each participant underwent four randomized sessions, each lasting 5 minutes, in various virtual reality (VR) environments, encompassing non-biophilic and biophilic environments (including green walls, outdoor views, and their combination). Throughout the process, we measured physiological indicators of stress responses, including heart rate, heart rate variability, skin conductance levels, and blood pressure, using biometric sensors. Psychological changes in participants, including anxiety levels, were evaluated through the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, recovery scales, and self-reported emotional assessments. In conclusion, in comparison to non-biophilic environments, older adults consistently exhibited lower stress levels, experienced superior anxiety relief, and demonstrated improved recovery in biophilic environments, with a notably faster recovery rate. These findings suggest that the incorporation of biophilic design principles into the indoor environments of public activity spaces within older adults care facilities can significantly contribute to stress reduction and anxiety alleviation among older adults. Furthermore, these effects appear to be contingent on the specific types of biophilic environments. These results can provide substantial evidence to support the design of indoor common activity spaces within older adults care facilities.
Genetic risk of Alzheimer’s disease is partially mediated by gut bacteria composition
Authors: Omer Mishaal , Michos Zoe , Lorincz-Comi Noah
Published: January 2024

Recent studies indicated that many genes which are associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk are also associated with the composition of gut microbiota, suggesting a potentially causal relationship. Other studies suggested that certain gut microbiota may lead to increased risk for neurodegeneration through their role in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The three-way relationship between expression of AD risk genes, gut bacteria composition, and AD risk remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential causal relationships between gene expression, gut bacteria, and AD. We performed multivariable Mendelian Randomization (MVMR) analyses using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for Alzheimer’s disease (N = 455K), gut bacteria composition (N = 18K), and gene expression (N = 2.6K) in cortex tissue. We found evidence that at least 22 of the 36 genes may have causal effects on late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (LOAD) risk which are at least partially mediated by gut bacteria. Alternatively, 14 genes have no evidence of effect mediation by gut bacteria. We also found evidence that levels of Acidaminococcaceae, Clostridiaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae, and Victivallaceae may lead to a direct increase or decrease in LOAD risk. These findings may provide targets for preventative treatment and generate further studies on the mechanism of the gut-brain axis.
Flange buckling mechanism in incremental shape rolling of an automotive-type variable width component
Authors: Essa Abdelrahman , Abeyrathna Buddhika , Rolfe Bernard , Weiss Matthias
Published: January 2024

Automotive structural components from Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) can be manufactured with Flexible Roll Forming (FRF). The application of FRF in the automotive industry is limited due to flange wrinkling defects that increase with material strength. The new Incremental Shape Rolling process (ISR) has been shown to reduce wrinkling severity compared to FRF and therefore presents a promising alternative for the manufacture of high-strength automotive components. The current work analyses for the first time the mechanisms that lead to wrinkling reduction in ISR based on the critical stress conditions that develop in the flange. For this, finite element process models are validated with experimental forming trials and used to investigate the material deformation and the forming stresses that occur in FRF and ISR when forming a variable width automotive component. The results show that in ISR, the undeformed flange height decreases with increasing forming; this increases the critical buckling and wrinkling stresses with each forming pass and prevents the development of wrinkles towards the end of the forming process. In contrast, in FRF, the critical buckling or wrinkling stress is constant, while the longitudinal compressive stress in the flange increases with the number of forming passes and exceeds the critical stress. This leads to the development of severe wrinkles in the flange.