bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impregnation Effect of Medical Aromatic Plant Extract On The Anatomic Structure of Wood
Authors: PEKER Hüseyin , ULUSOY Hatice
Published: August 2021

In Since the beginning of history, the global world structure and medicinal aromatic plants in our country have been used in very rich areas (medical, cosmetic, food, spice, agriculture, animal husbandry, spice, paint industry, etc.). New human / environment friendly wood protective materials are being developed, thus efforts are made to create an antioxidant / antibacterial product structure in various areas such as hygienic furniture structure, children's toys, hospitals, etc. It has been reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) that the number of herbs used as medicinal and spice in the world is around 20,000. Preparing extracts from plants and using them as medicine, in China in BC. It dates back to 2700 BC. Rapid depletion of forest resources and exposure to synthetic / chemical effects in the environment in which human beings have lived pose serious threats. The anatomical properties of this material, which was aimed to create a much more organic structure by obtaining extracts (1%, 3%) of various medicinal and aromatic plants (meadow onion, chives) and bringing it into relationship with borax by double process, were examined and the scale of attachment was determined in relation to this. Due to its anatomical structure, the level of adhesion on spruce wood cross-sectional surfaces was evaluated microscopically and the net dry impregnation amount was calculated. In spruce wood, especially the passage aspiration structure is known to be among the most important elements that make it difficult to hold the material in the impregnation process.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fir and Poplar Subjected to Tall Oil and Vacuum Heat Treatment
Authors: GÖKMEN Kadriye , SİVRİKAYA Hüseyin
Published: August 2021

Vacuum heat treatment creates an oxygen-free environment, thus positively effects the properties of wood compared to traditional heat treatment. Crude tall oil is a non-biocidal wood preservative, composed of resin and fatty acids and improves some properties of wood such as water uptake and decay resistance. In this study, tall oil dissolved in ethanol (10% and 20%) for impregnation of the fir and poplar samples according to full cell method, followed by subjected to vacuum-heat treatment at 180 ºC and 200 ºC for 1 and 2 h respectively. Water uptake and mechanical tests such as bending and compression strength of untreated and treated samples were investigated. Results showed that weight percent gain (WPG) was about two times higher for tall oil treatment at 20% than 10% of tall oil. Vacuum heat treatment showed similar trend with control samples in terms of water uptake, while combined treatment of tall oil and vacuum heating lowered the water uptake. The results of mechanical tests indicated that bending strength was not affected by tall oil treatment. Combination of tall oil and vacuum heat treatment improved the compression strength.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Turkish Forest Products Industry
Authors: BAYRAM Bahadır Çağrı
Published: August 2021

In the present paper the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Turkish forest products industry was investigated with the help of quantitative research methods. Focus groups and interview methods were adopted as the methodology. The scope of the study is limited to wood-based panel, laminate flooring and furniture industries which are the leading branches within forest products industry of Turkey. The respondents are white-collar workers randomly chosen from engineers, managers or marketing directors of large-sized enterprises from Ankara and Bursa. The enterprises were limited with mentioned cities due to these cities are of great importance for the industry in management and marketing activities. Results showed that COVID-19 pandemic affected the labour force and income negatively. The key finding of this work is that if the pandemic lasts longer the substantial economic side effects will be inevitable. Also, the results suggest that at first the companies should focus on raw material supply and secondly to domestic market rather than the international market.
Türkiye Orman Endüstri Sektörü Altında Faaliyet Gösteren Kağıt, Orman ve Mobilya Firmalarının Finansal Performanslarının Entropi Temelli PROMETHEE Yöntemiyle Analizi
Authors: KURT Rıfat , İMREN Erol , KARAYILMAZLAR Selman
Published: August 2021

Çalışmada, Türkiye kâğıt ürünleri, orman ürünleri ve mobilya sektörlerinde yer alan on beş işletmenin finansal performansını belirlemek için Entropi temelli PROMETHEE yöntemiyle bir değerlendirme sistemi oluşturulmuş, değerlendirme göstergelerine göre işletmelerin Borsa İstanbul (BIST) hisselerinin pandemi dönemi ve öncesi mevcut gelişmelere gösterdikleri tepki yansıtılmaya çalışılmıştır. Finansal performans oranlarını kapsayan on bir kriter pandemi ve öncesi yıllar için birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Ağırlıklandırılmış kriterlere göre hisselerin tercih sıralaması oluşturulmuştur. Bu sıralamada ALKA (K1) ve SUMAS (OM4) hissesinin pandemi ve öncesi dönemde en iyi performansı gösterdiği görülmüştür. Genel olarak orman endüstri sektöründe faaliyet gösteren firmaların pandemiden minimum etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir.
Mehrwert Ethik
Authors: Weber-Berg Christoph A.
Published: August 2021

Immer mehr Unternehmer und Manager erkennen: Ethik gewinnt an Bedeutung. Doch woher nehmen sie das Wissen über ethische Grundfragen, damit sie ihre Aufgaben kompetent erfüllen können? Dieses Buch vermittelt die Kompetenzen - Orientierungs- und Urteilskompetenzen -, über die Führungskräfte in Bezug auf die ethischen Aspekte ihres Handelns verfügen müssen. Was ist Ethik? In welchem Verhältnis stehen Wirtschaft und Ethik? Welche Konzepte gibt es für die Umsetzung von Ethik in Unternehmen, und welche Herausforderungen sind damit verbunden? Christoph A. Weber-Berg zeigt, wie Unternehmen im Spannungsfeld von Ethik, Markt und Wirtschaft ethische Integrität erlangen.
Lecturas de “Hum Dekhenge” de Faiẓ Aḥmed Faiẓ. ¿Imágenes islámicas, revolución o sentimientos antihindúes?
Authors: Castro Meagher Genoveva
Published: August 2021

El artículo examina la controversia generada por el poema “Hum Dekhenge”, de Faiẓ Aḥmed Faiẓ, durante las protestas desencadenadas por la aprobación del Citizenship Amendment Act (Enmienda de la Ley de Ciudadanía) y el National Registry of Citizens (Registro Nacional de Ciudadanos) a finales de 2019 en India. Se explican las circunstancias en las que se originó el debate, se proporciona una semblanza del autor del poema y una traducción al español del texto poético, y se exploran diversas interpretaciones. La producción de significado del poema es una articulación compleja entre el texto, los lectores y el contexto sociopolítico. “Hum Dekhenge” es un poema con varios registros lingüísticos, literarios y políticos. Sin duda, su lectura está abierta a múltiples posibilidades.
La Armada Imperial Japonesa en México: ¿búsqueda de una alianza militar o despliegue de estrategias geopolíticas?
Authors: Uscanga Carlos
Published: August 2021

Las primeras décadas del siglo XX atestiguaron el ascenso de tensiones político-diplomáticas entre Japón y Estados Unidos. El incremento de fricciones desplegó un juego geoestratégico en América Latina como escenario principal, y México tuvo un papel relevante al implementar acciones para capitalizar el acercamiento de Japón. En ese contexto particular, surgió en la prensa y en los servicios de inteligencia estadounidense el tema recurrente de la existencia de un “tratado militar” entre México y Japón. En esa coyuntura, la Armada Imperial japonesa fue pieza clave en la antesala del inicio de la guerra del Pacífico el 7 de diciembre de 1941.
Mario González Castañeda. 2020. Las relaciones India-China: el (re)encuentro de dos sistemas en la Posguerra Fría. Ciudad de México: El Colegio de México. 234 pp.
Authors: De la Paz Meléndez Gabriela
Published: August 2021

Mario González Castañeda. 2020. Las relaciones India-China: el (re)encuentro de dos sistemas en la Posguerra Fría. Ciudad de México: El Colegio de México. 234 pp.
Juan José Ramírez Bonilla, coord. 2020. La República de Corea ante la influencia de la administración Trump. Ciudad de México: El Colegio de México. 304 pp.
Authors: Tadeo Hernández  Eduardo Luciano
Published: August 2021

Juan José Ramírez Bonilla, coord. 2020. La República de Corea ante la influencia de la administración Trump. Ciudad de México: El Colegio de México. 304 pp.
Escritura, polí­tica y masividad: Contra y la Revista Multicolor de los Sábados
Authors: Mascioto María de los Ángeles
Published: August 2021

Este artí­culo se propone analizar las reutilizaciones y porosidades entre vanguardia polí­tica e industria cultural en la circulación de escritores, géneros y modalidades de escritura del diario Crí­tica a la revista Contra y de Contra a la Revista Multicolor de los Sábados con el fin deidentificar tanto las claras diferencias entre el diario masivo, la revista de González Tuñón y el suplemento, como la permeabilidad existente entre ellos. Por un lado, la función social del arte sobre la que los escritores debatí­an en publicaciones de izquierda entra en tensión con algunas de las aspiraciones comerciales de la empresa periodí­stica. Por otro, las producciones literarias trabajaron con tópicos, imágenes y temáticas provenientes tanto de la industria cultural como de la cultura de izquierda.
Posautonomí­a: notas iniciales para una historia literaria futura
Authors: Alves Wanderlan
Published: August 2021

A partir de las principales nociones implicadas en el concepto de posautonomí­a se analizan algunas figuraciones del campo literario latinoamericano de las últimas décadas en la escritura de César Aira, Roberto Bolaño y Mario Bellatin, y luego se replantea el debate sobre el valor para, por fin, interrogar sobre la posibilidad de una historia literaria pensada desde un régimen posautónomo.
Presentación del dosier : “Dejar (de) volar”
Authors: Bolte Rike
Published: August 2021

Presentación
El autor en vuelo o la escena icaria-dedálica: la aviación pionera y la modernidad literaria (Kafka, Hesse y D’Annunzio)
Authors: Ingold Felix Philipp
Published: August 2021

Este ensayo es una traducción de un fragmento de la primera de tres partes de Der Autor am Werk, de Felix Philipp Ingold, publicado en 1992 por la editorial Hanser, München. El autor fue sumamente generoso en ceder el fragmento de su texto para la traducción al castellano, y especialmente para este dosier. Las cursivas que aparecen en el presente texto son del autor. Las notas corresponden al texto original; algunas de ellas fueron abreviadas, así­ como el párrafo sobre el despegue y la caí­da como escenas icarias. El texto original presenta una considerable cantidad de imágenes que aquí­ no pueden ser reproducidas, sin embargo, algunas pocas fueron reemplazadas por fuentes accesibles en internet y sus leyendas remiten a los comentarios originales del autor.
Pengaruh Pengungkapan Ekonomi, Lingkungan Dan Sosial Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Kinerja Keuangan Sebagai Variabel Antara
Authors: Cahya Utami Rosa Linda
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemediasi pengungkapan ekonomi, lingkungan dan social pada hubungan antara nilai perusahaan dan kinerja keuangan korporat. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan di sektor perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2013-2016,  dengan sampel yang diperoleh dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel total yang digunakan adalah delapan bank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pengungkapan ekonomi tidak mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan, (2) pengungkapan lingkungan tidak mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan, (3) pengungkapan sosial mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan, (4) pengungkapan ekonomi mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan, (5) pengungpakan lingkungan tidak mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan, (6) pengungkapan sosial mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan, (7) kinerja keuangan mempengarhuhi nilai perusahaan, (8) pengungkapan ekonomi secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi perusahaan melalui kinerja keuangan, (9) pengungkapan lingkungan tidak mempengarhi nilai perusahaan melalui kinerja keuangan, (10) pengungkapan sosial secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan melalui kinerja keuangan.
Love of Money Religiusitas dan Penggelapan Pajak
Authors: Choiriyah Lies Meida , Damayanti Theresia Woro
Published: August 2021

Love of money merupakan faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi seseorang dalam penggelapan pajak. Penelitian ini secara empiris meneliti perilaku seseorang dalam membayar pajak yang terkait dengan pajak UMKM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh love of money  terhadap penggelapan pajak dan faktor religiusitas yang dapat memperlemah atau memperkuat love of money terhadap penggelapan pajak. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dengan membagikan kuisioner secara langsung kepada wajib pajak UMKM di Kota Salatiga. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis linier berganda. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa love of money tidak berpengaruh terhadap penggelapan pajak sedangkan religiusitas memoderasi love of money terhadap penggelapan pajak.
Pengukuran Kesiapan Literasi Digital Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) Terhadap Pelaporan Pajak Elektronik
Authors: Nilamsari M Devitia Putri , Widjaja Alexandra Adriani , Matitaputty Shandy Jannifer
Published: August 2021

Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian termasuk penerimaan pajak UMKM. UMKM dihadapkan dengan pelaporan pajak yang mulai mewajibkan Wajib Pajak untuk melaporkan pajaknya secara elektronik. Kemampuan digital suatu badan usaha termasuk UMKM diduga memberikan pengaruh terhadap kewajiban administratifnya, yang mana termasuk kewajiban pelaporan pajak UMKM. Penelitian ini bermaksud mengukur kesiapan literasi digital UMKM terhadap pelaporan pajak elektronik di Kota Semarang yang dilihat dari profil literasi digital UMKM dan ada tidaknya korelasi antara literasi digital dengan pelaporan pajak elektronik mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dengan subjek UMKM yang tergabung dalam Womanpreneur Community (WPC) Kota Semarang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada pelaku UMKM yang tergabung dalam kelompok WPC, literasi digital memiliki korelasi yang lemah terhadap kesiapan pelaporan pajak secara elektronik. Selain itu, minat para pelaku UMKM yang tergabung dalam kelompok WPC untuk melaporkan kewajiban pajak secara elektronik berkorelasi lemah dengan kemampuan teknis mereka dalam menggunakan komputer. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa faktor kemampuan teknis tidak menjadi penghalang bagi para responden untuk memenuhi kewajiban perpajakan secara elektronik.

Kata kunci: Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM), Literasi Digital, Pelaporan Pajak Elektronik
Expense Ratio, Portfolio Turnover, dan Return Reksa Dana Saham
Authors: Habba Lagu Alrians Rolank
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh antara expense ratio dan portfolio turnover terhadap return reksa dana saham. Selanjutnya penelitian ini menggunakan teori portofolio Markowitz (1952). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang didapatkan dari OJK dan website (bareksa dan pasar dana) dari periode 2016-2018. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif berupa uji asumsi klasik dan uji regresi, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa expense ratio berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap return reksa dana saham. Sedangkan, portfolio turnover tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return reksa dana saham.
Aplikasi Capital Asset Pricing Model dalam Evaluasi Kelayakan Investasi Daerah
Authors: Harijono Harijono , Kristanto Ari Budi , Atahau Apriani Dorkas Rambu
Published: August 2021

Otonomi daerah mendorong pemerintah daerah untuk berinvestasi sebagai salah satu sarana meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah. Dalam rangka  mengevaluasi keputusan investasi daerah perlu dilakukan analisis penganggaran modal. Capital Asset Pricing Model adalah metode perhitungan biaya modal dalam analisis investasi yang digunakan secara luas di dunia usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji aplikasi  CAPM  dalam keputusan investasi daerah. Dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari laporan keuangan dan laporan auditor hipotetis selama periode 2012-2017,  hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CAPM dapat digunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan inevstasi daerah. Dengan demikian, analisis kelayakan investasi pemerintah daerah dapat menggunakan CAPM karena CAPM sebagai alat evaluasi akan memberikan obyektifitas penliaian yang diperlukan agar keputusan investasi yang diambil menjadi tepat.
Pendeteksian Kecurangan Pelaporan Keuangan Melalui Fraud Pentagon Framework
Authors: Mintara Melia Bakti Milenia , Hapsari Aprina Nugrahesthy Sulistya
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh fraud pentagon dalam mendeteksi kemungkinan terjadinya kecurangan laporan keuangan pada perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2016 sampai 2018. Data diperoleh dari laporan tahunan yang terdapat pada website BEI dan website perusahaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa target keuangan, sifat industri, dan pergantian auditor memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan. Namun stabilitas keuangan, tekanan eksternal, ketidakefektifan pengawasan, rasionalisasi, pergantian direksi, dan jumlah foto CEO tidak berpengaruh pada kecurangan laporan keuangan.
Resiliensi Bumdes dalam Mendeteksi Fraud di Era Pandemi
Authors: Violetta Grace Phillandros , Fitriyani Fitriyani , Kristianti Ika
Published: August 2021

BUMDes didirikan dengan tujuan meningkatkan kesejahteraan desa juga sebagai penciptaan lapangan pekerjaan. Fraud seringkali masih terjadi dalam kegiatan operasional semua organisasi, termasuk didalamnya BUMDes, Potensi fraud yang muncul terbanyak adalah dikarenakan adanya penyimpangan keuangan dana bergulir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti kemampuan resiliensi BUMDes mendeteksi fraud yang terjadi selama pandemi.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan objek penelitian di BUMDes Sumilen. Responden dari penelitian ini adalah pengurus BUMDes. Data yang digunakan merupakan data primer, yang didapatkan dari wawancara kepada responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini tidak ada dampak yang material atas kondisi pandemi seperti saat ini. Fraud maupun potensi terjadinya fraud tidak sering terjadi. BUMDes mengupayakan musyawarah ketika terjadi penyimpangan dalam kegiatan operasionalnya. BUMDes diharapkan lebih peka dalam mendekteksi risiko fraud dan menerapkan pengendalian internal untuk meminimalisir potensi fraud yang terjadi sehingga tujuan didirikannya BUMDes dapat tercapai.
Complications of Chickenpox in Bulgaria – Data from a Single-Center Experience
Authors: Popov M. , Antonov S. , Velev V. , Tcherveniakova T. , Yancheva N.
Published: August 2021

Primary Varicella zoster infection (chickenpox) in childhood is a common benign disease. The predominance of uncomplicated cases in children often overshadows the rarer cases of complicated severe course of the disease.

Objective

To study the complications of primary chickenpox in hospitalized patients for a period of one year.

Materials and Methods

122 patients with complicated primary chickenpox with an average age of 18.6 years; 57 males (46.7%) and 64 females (53.3%), were hospitalized at the University Hospital of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases “Prof. Iv. Kirov” in the period January – December 2019.

Results

The bacterial infections of the skin and soft tissues comprised the largest relative frequenchy – they occurred in 74 (60.6%) of the patients; followed by pneumonia – in 31 (25.4%) patients, and a combination of pneumonia and pustulation – in 10 (8.2%) patients. Cerebelitis was observed in 1 (0.8%) patient. One of the patients developed hepatitis, purulent arthritis and acute enteritis. We also report the death of one patient.

Conclusions

We registered a relatively high proportion of hospitalizations, especially in young children and adults. Regarding the type of complications, we do not describe significant differences compared to other authors. Although in most cases primary chickenpox is a self-limiting disease, complications are more common in the countries where there is no vaccine.
Rose Exctracts and In-Vitro Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Spike: The Ace-2 Interaction
Authors: Arokiaraj M. , Menesson E.
Published: August 2021

Objective

The study was performed to evaluate the novel potential of red rose extract to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-Ace2 receptor interaction in vitro.

Methods

ACE2 receptors were His-labelled, and the interaction was studied by chemiluminescence after the addition of anti-His HRP and HRP substrate. The inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 was assessed in a dose-dependent sequence.

Results

The 50% inhibitory concentration was observed at 0.75 percent v/v of the rose extract, and the 90% inhibition was seen at about 1.8 percent v/v. Steam inhalation or nebulization could be simple methods of delivering rose extracts to the lower respiratory tract and pulmonary tissues.

Conclusion

Rose extracts have a potential for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 receptor in vitro, which could add beneficial effects in Covid-19 treatment. Further tests need to be performed to study their therapeutic benefits in vivo.
Ethinyl Estadiol/Progestin Oral Contraceptives Depress Spatial Learning and Dysregulate Hippocampal CA3 Microstructure: Implications for Behavioral-Cognitive Effects of Chronic Contraceptive Use?
Authors: Nwakanma A. , Ekanem T. , Eluwa M. , Elemuo C. , Ekong M.
Published: August 2021

Combined oral contraceptive pill contains ethinyl estradiol and a synthetic progestin, which prevent ovulation by suppressing the release of the gonadotropins resulting in the inhibition of ovarian follicles’ development. Although advantageous in birth control, the impact on learning and memory is limited necessitating this study on its effect on spatial learning, and hippocampal CA3 microstructure. Thirty two female Wistar rats of average body weight 200 g were equally divided (n = 8) into four groups; 0.002 mg/kg levonorgestrel plus 0.00043 mg/kg ethinyl estradiol (COCP) were administered orally for 21, 42 and 63 days. 24 hours after the last administration the rats underwent Morris water maze test and were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion-fixation. Their hippocampal regions were processed for histological study, and immunolabelled with anti-neuron specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Results showed that the COCP test groups had shorter escape latencies (p ≤ 0.05) in the visible and hidden platform trials. The COCP test groups showed no difference in neuronal population, although some of the hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons were either atrophic and/or karyorrhectic, with shrunken and dense nuclei. NSE expression was lower (p ≤ 0.05) in the 21, 42 and 63 days COCP groups, while GFAP expression was lower in the 21 days COCP group, but not different in the 42 and 63 days COCP groups compared with the control. These preliminary results show that COCP influence spatial learning, and may also reduce neuronal metabolic activity, while increasing astrocytic activity in the hippocampal CA3.
A Case of Lupus Nephritis Aggravated by Diabetic Nephropathy with a Rapid Decline in Kidney Function
Authors: Yordanov M. , Rushidova F. , Hrincheva M. , Ananiev J.
Published: August 2021

Lupus nephropathy is a glomerular lesion and one of the most severe organ localizations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Diabetic nephropathy, on the other hand, is a major cause for chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as for end stage kidney disease (ESKD). We present the case of a 51-year-old woman with nephrotic syndrome diagnosed 4 months previously. Since the diagnosis was made, a rapid decline in renal function was observed – serum creatinine rose from 159 to 200 and to 462 μmol/l. Arterial hypertension was present for 2 years with BP values up to 200/90 mm Hg, as well as newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus which was insulin-treated due to the low renal function. The test for anti-dsDNA-63.3 was positive and ANA titers were 1: 320. The renal biopsy revealed a combination of lupus nephropathy and a nodular variant of diabetic nephropathy. Treatment with methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and heparin was initiated. This was followed by improvement in serum creatinine and proteinuria, by reduction of edema, decreased titers of anti-dsDNA and by improvement of the general well-being. A few months later, in the course of another intermittent infection, the patient’s condition deteriorated sharply, necessitating hemodialysis. Nephropathy secondary to lupus erythematosus is rarely seen in combination with diabetic nephropathy, but once they co-occur, a complicated course of the disease will eventually lead to serious kidney damage. The morphological examination of the renal biopsy aspirate is the only reliable mean to assess the nature of the glomerular changes and to make adequate therapeutic decisions.
Mathematical Modelling of the Fruit-Stone Culture Seeds Calibration Process Using Flat Sieves
Authors: Karaiev Oleksandr , Bondarenko Larysa , Halko Serhii , Miroshnyk Oleksandr , Vershkov Oleksandr , Karaieva Tetiana , Shchur Taras , Findura Pavol , Prístavka Miroslav
Published: August 2021

The paper provided describes a mathematical model of calibration process of fruit-stone culture seeds of cherry, sweet cherry, cherry-plum, apricot and almond using flat sieves with impact shock ball cleaners oscillating in the horizontal plane. It has been defined that the mathematical expectation of time of knocking out the fruit-stone from the sieve opening

T
⌢

\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over T}

is the minimum value of ratio of average time of complete ball motion cycle in space under sieve to the probability of knocking out the stone by a ball with the kinetic energy level of 2 Mj. The dependences of energy distribution density of ball on impact on the sieve have been obtained, based on which the intervals of ball cleaner parameters have been determined, i.e. the ball diameter D belongs to the interval 25–35 mm; the space height H under sorting sieve belongs to the interval 1.2D–1.4D mm; the value range for distance between rods t belongs to the interval 0.5D–0.7D mm. Using the method of golden section, the following parameters of ball cleaner were obtained: D = 33 mm, t = 23 mm, H = 40 mm. The parameters obtained provide mathematical expectation of time of knocking out the fruit-stone from the sieve opening

T
⌢

\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over T}

= 0.03 s. Consequently, the average ball velocity

v
⌢

\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over v}

is = 0.4 m∙s-1, and the average ball path is

L
⌢

\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over L}

= 0.006 m.
Equivalential algebras with conjunction on the regular elements
Authors: Przybyło Sławomir
Published: August 2021

We introduce the definition of the three-element equivalential algebra R with conjunction on the regular elements. We study the variety generated by R and prove the Representation Theorem. Then, we construct the finitely generated free algebras and compute the free spectra in this variety.
Gas-Neutralizing and Dust-Suppressing Stemming of Borehole Charges for Increasing the Environmental Safety of Explosion
Authors: Tverda O. , Kofanova O. , Kofanov O. , Tkachuk K. , Polukarov O. , Pobigaylo V.
Published: August 2021

The problem of environmental pollution during the explosive destruction of rocks in order to extract minerals is solved in the article. Two types of borehole charge stemming design have been developed, which, in addition to the function of locking the products of the explosion, allow completely neutralizing harmful gases. The first type is the stemming design, which includes the two-stage purification of harmful gases, formed during the explosive destruction of rocks, and is based on chemisorption of gases by quicklime or production waste and physicochemical sorption (adsorption) by zeolites. Such stemming can provide complete chemical neutralization of NO2 and CO2, as well as neutralization of CO by zeolites, during the explosion. The second type is stemming design, which includes chemisorption of gases by slaked lime. This type of stemming has a number of advantages over the previous one. It can not only provide complete chemical neutralization of NO2, CO2 and CO, but also allows abandoning zeolites, which significantly reduces the cost of its formation to obtain the effect of “irrigation” of the dust and gas cloud, which reduces the concentration of dust in the air after the explosion to provide a higher degree of conversion. The paper determines quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the adsorbent composition of the two types of stemming depending on the type of explosive, the amount and type of harmful gases formed during explosion, and the parameters of the borehole.
Bu’s theorem in the positive situation
Authors: Bougoutaia Amar , Belacel Amar
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we valorize the relationship between positive p−summing operators and positive strongly q−summing operators using (Contemp. Math. 328, 145 − 149 (2003)).
Analysis of Financial Support Instruments for Social Enterprises in Latvia
Authors: Licite-Kurbe Lasma , Gintere Dana
Published: August 2021

Social enterprises have positive effect on sustainable development, and they have become an important instrument for solving social problems (especially in rural areas), as the national and local governments alone cannot solve all such problems. To foster the development of social entrepreneurship, Latvia has introduced several support instruments for social enterprises, which include tax relief, privileged procurement contracts, grants, as well as non-monetary kinds of support. However, social entrepreneurs often point out that support from the national and local governments is insufficient, while the support instruments stipulated in the Social Enterprise Law are not widely used. Therefore, the aim of the research is to analyse national and local government support instruments for social enterprises in Latvia. The research found that the most important financial instrument fostering the development of social entrepreneurship in Latvia is a grant scheme administered by the Ministry of Welfare and the JSC Development Finance Institution Altum, which is available in the range of EUR 5000 to 200000 for investment and working capital. In the period 2017-2020, 94 social entrepreneurship projects with a total budget of EUR 6 million were supported, which could be viewed as significant financial support. In contrast, immovable property tax relief, exemption from enterprise income tax (on profits) and relief from this tax for several categories of non-business expenses are considered by social entrepreneurs to be an insignificant kind of support. There is also lack of experience and practice regarding the inclusion of social criteria in public procurement in Latvia.
Status of the Precision Beekeeping Development in Latvia
Authors: Zacepins Aleksejs , Kviesis Armands , Komasilovs Vitalijs , Brusbardis Valters , Kronbergs Janis
Published: August 2021

Information and communication technologies are part of almost any branch of human lives. During the last decade also beekeeping joined the direction of application of IT tools and solutions and precision beekeeping was defined. Still in the beekeeping many operations and observations are completed manually, and there is a potential to switch to the digital realisation. Information technologies can be used in the beekeeping to partly support the beekeepers by implementation of automatic or semi-automatic solutions for bee colony remote monitoring, apiary record making and other actions. The aim of this paper is to make a summary of the usage of information technology tools by the beekeepers in Latvia, summarizing precision beekeeping development status and conclude about its future development potential. To achieve this aim, in cooperation with Latvian Beekeepers Association, a beekeepers survey was conducted. More than 200 beekeepers shared thoughts and opinions about their application of information and communication technologies for monitoring the bee colonies and apiary management. The summary of the survey conducted is described in this study.
Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 3. revised edition.
Authors: Hansen A. , Sunding P.
Published: August 2021

A complete and up-to-date checklist of the vascular plants of Macaronesia (the Azores, the Madeira archipelago, the Salvage Islands, the Canary Islands, and the Cape Verde Islands) is given. 3.125 species belonging to 1.041 genera are listed, as are also a number of intraspecific taxa down to variety level. New combinations are proposed within the genera Cheilanthes, Pericallis and Pulicaria. A second section lists 2.250 synonyms and their presumed identity.
Distribution and ecology of stipitate hydnaceous fungi in Norway, with special reference to the question of decline
Authors: Gulden G. , Hanssen E.W.
Published: August 2021

Since a decline in stipitate hydnaceous fungi has been reported in some parts of Europe, their occurrence in Norway merits consideration. The present study was intended to determine whether decline has taken place in Norway, and to form a basis for future monitoring of a group of organisms which may include important bioindicators of airborne pollution.

Twenty-eight species are recognised in Norway, belonging to the genera Auriscalpium (1), Bankera (2), Hydnellum (10), Hydnum (2), Phellodon (4), and Sarcodon (9). They are most common in eastern parts of Norway, and eutrophic spruce forests are the preferred habitats. Distribution maps and information on habitat preferences for each species are provided. The species are ranged in five groups according to their distributional patterns, occurrence in vegetational regions, and distributions in other parts of Eurasia. Factors regulating the occurrence of the species are discussed for each group.

An evaluation of the frequency of the species through the decades back to 1950 is presented. There is so far no strong evidence for decline of these fungi in Norway. However, there is a statistically significant decrease in observations of the three Hydnellum species: H. aurantiacum, H. peckii, and H. suaveolens.
The sorediate and isidiate, corticolous, crustose lichens in Norway
Authors: Tønsberg T.
Published: August 2021

128 species in 45 genera of sorediate and isidiate, crustose, corticolous lichens are recorded from Norway. Accounts of their morphology, chemistry, and substratum preferences are presented, and a discussion of their distribution in Norway is supported by maps for a number of taxa. With few exceptions, the taxa can be distinguished on thallus characters alone. Several taxa, especially those with brown or blue-pigmented soralia, have soredia with a distinct cortex. New species are: Buellia arborea Coppins & Tønsb. (from Norway and Scotland), Fuscidea arboricola Coppins & Tønsb. (from Norway, Sweden, and Scotland), F. pusilla Tønsb. (from Norway, Sweden, and Scotland), Lecanora flavoleprosa Tønsb. (from Norway and Austria), L. flavopunctata Tønsb. (from Norway and Sweden), L. norvegica Tønsb. (from Norway), Lecidea gyrophorica Tønsb. (syn. L. epizanthoidiza auct., non Nyl.), L. praetermissa Tønsb. (from Norway and Sweden), L. subcinnabarina Tønsb. (from Norway), L. vacciniicola Tønsb. (from Norway, Sweden, and Spain), Lecidella subviridis Tønsb. (from Norway and Sweden), Lepraria elobata Tønsb. (from Norway), L. jackii Tønsb. (from Norway), L. obtusatica Tønsb. (from Norway), L. umbricola Tønsb. (from Norway, England, and Scotland), Micarea coppinsii Tønsb. (from Norway and Scotland), Rinodinaflavosoralifera Tønsb. (from Norway), R. disjuncta Sheard & Tønsb. (from Norway and the pacific coast of U.S.A. and Canada), and Schaereria corticola Muhr & Tønsb. (from Norway, Sweden and Scotland). Ochrolechia androgyna s. lat. is shown to comprise at least four distinct species.

New combinations are: Cliostomum leprosum (Räsänen) Holien & Tønsb., Lepraria rigidula (B. de Lesd.) Tønsb., Mycoblastus caesius (Coppins & P. James) Tønsb., Placynthiella dasaea (Stirton) Tønsb., and Ropalospora viridis (Tønsb.) Tønsb. Lecidea turgidula var. pulveracea Fr. is raised to specific level with the new name Lecidea leprarioides Tønsb. Mycoblastus sterilis Coppins & P. James is reduced to synonymy with M. fucatus Stirton.

Pertusaria borealis is new to Europe. Halecania viridescens, Lecanora farinaria, Lepraria caesioalba Laundon ined., L. eburnea Laundon ined., Megalospora tuberculosa, Opegrapha multipuncta, and Scoliciosporum gallurae are new to Scandinavia. Mycoblastus caesius, Lecidella elaeochroma “f. soralifera”, L. flavosorediata, Micarea granulans (saxicolous, not treated), Opegrapha sorediifera, and Rinodina degeliana are new to Norway.

In some cases, Poelt’s species pair concept can be applied to this group of lichens. Additional secondary substances, not occurring in the primary species, sometimes occur in the soralia of the secondary species. In this case, presence of the additional substance cannot be regarded as an independent taxonomic character, and the species pair concept is still useful. However, morphologically indistinguishable specimens with different chemistry may represent different secondary species.

The term consoredia is introduced to denote diaspores composed of aggregated soredia.
Low-alpine vegetation in Gutulia National Park, Engerdal, Hedmark, Norway, and its relation to the environment
Authors: Rydgren K.
Published: August 2021

A reference site for vegetational and ecological monitoring of low-alpine vegetation has been established in Gutulia National Park, Engerdal, Hedmark, Norway. Fifty vegetation plots, each 1 m2, were distributed randomly along four open transects. Species abundance was recorded as frequency in 16 subplots. Each plot was supplied with measurements of 26 environmental variables. The first axes of DCA and LNMDS ordinations were closely similar. The first DCA axis was interpreted as a complex snow cover gradient. Several environmental variables varied along this gradient, among them unevenness, soil moisture and soil nutrient status. The cover of the bottom layer varied along the complex-gradient. DCA axis 2 was interpreted as a microclimatic gradient. Partitioning of the environmental· and spatial variation in species composition showed that the spatial variation in the data set was rather low. Monitoring alpine vegetation is considered important since alpine ecosystems may be particularly vulnerable to airborne pollution.
The threatened macrolichens of Norway - 1995
Authors: Tønsberg T. , Gauslaa V. , Haugan R. , Holien H. , Timdal E.
Published: August 2021

On request from The Directorate for Nature Management (DN), Trondheim, a revised red list for Norwegian macrolichens is presented. The present list supersedes the preliminary list published by Direktoratet for naturforvaltning (1992) and includes 69 species of the currently known c. 430 species of macrolichens in Norway. The compiling of the list is mainly based on studies of relevant herbarium material in all major Fennoscandian herbaria of all species believed to be rare or endangered in Norway and on field work carried out on the localities in 1992—1994. Of 1938 known localities for threatened macrolichens in Norway, 1046 were investigated.

Collema coccophorum and Leptogium britannicum are classified as extinct (Ex), 16 species as endangered (E), 11 as vulnerable (V), 9 as in need of monitoring (V+), 18 as rare (R), 5 as indeterminate (I), and 7 as insufficiently known (K). Parmeliopsis esorediata is assigned to category A (special responsibility). Special maps summarize the distribution of all species within each of the categories E, V, V+, and R. Norway has European responsibility for 18 species and Fennoscandian responsibility for 55 species of macrolichens. Among the species included in the red list, Norway has the only or the main population for several species on a Fennoscandian (55 species), European (18), or world-wide basis (1).

Each species is described and discussed with respect to substrate and habitat preferences, threats, and status in Norway. For species known from more than five localities, maps indicate the status in each locality. A complete locality list is given for each species. Distributions in Fennoscandia, Europe and on a world-wide basis are briefly reviewed. Recommendations are given for conservation purposes.

Threatened macrolichens are concentrated in deciduous forests and woodlands along the southwestern coast, old-growth spruce forests in central Norway, and old-growth boreal forests and agricultural landscapes in eastern Norway.
ЛЮДСЬКИЙ ФАКТОР ГРОМАДСЬКОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ НА ПІВДНІ УКРАЇНИ НАПРИКІНЦІ XVIII – НА ПОЧАТКУ XX ст.
Authors: ЧЕРЕМІСІН Олександр , ПРЕДМЕСТНІКОВ Олег
Published: August 2021

Мета дослідження – розкрити та реконструювати особливості людського фактору в управлінні містами на території Півдня України в другій половині XVIII – початку XX ст. Методологія дослідження спирається на принципи науковості, історизму, верифікації, авторської об’єктивності, теорії фронтиру, людиновимірності, регіоналізму, а також на використанні загальнонаукових (аналіз, синтез, узагальнення) та спеціально-історичних (історико-генетичний, історико-типологічний, історико-системний) методів. Наукова новизна полягає у тому, що в результаті формування нової соціокультурної реальності та геополітичних змін до управління південноукраїнським регіоном та містами були задіяні представники західноєвропейських країн, які внесли багато змін у бюрократичну систему Російської імперії. Це дало можливість Півдню України перетворитися на важливі центри економічного життя як регіону, так і держави, що прискорило модернізаційні процеси. Такі процеси міцно пов’язані із участю в діяльності муніципалітетів працівники депутатів та найманих працівників у функціонуванні громадських управлінь в містах Півдня України. У пропонованій статті органи самоврядування аналізуються як специфічний образ діяльності і активності депутатів муніципалітетів. Основна увага приділена розкриттю їх характерів у практичній діяльності громадських виборчих установ. Висновки. У запропонованих результатах дослідження міститься інформація про те, що образ депутатів самоврядування розглядається не як політичний конструкт, а як особистісно-індивідуальний феномен, в якому краще розкриваються різні поведінкові моделі депутатів самоврядування і краще виражаються їх культурні цінності. Тако, відзначено, що містами управляли представники різних соціопрофесійних образів, що значно посилювало регіонально-індивідуальні особливості краю, у порівнянні з іншими регіонами держави.
АНТИРЕЛІГІЙНА ДІЯЛЬНСТЬ СПІЛКИ БЕЗВІРНИКІВ В УКРАЇНІ (1927–1930 рр.)
Authors: ДОЦЕНКО Віктор , ЖОЛОБ Михайло
Published: August 2021

Мета дослідження – дослідити участь Спілки безвірників у реалізації атеїстичної політики більшовицького режиму шляхом організації антирелігійних заходів та залучення до участі у них різних категорій українського суспільства протягом 1927–1930 рр. Методологія дослідження ґрунтується на принципах історизму, системності, науковості, верифікації, авторської об’єктивності, поміркованого наративного конструктивізму, а також на використанні загальнонаукових (аналіз, синтез, узагальнення) та спеціально-історичних (історико-генетичний, історико-типологічний, історико-системний) методів. Наукова новизна полягає у спробі поглиблення характеристики антирелігійної діяльності Спілки безвірників України протягом перших років її існування. Висновки. Спілка безвірників була створена більшовиками з метою викорінення у багатонаціонального населення України релігійного світогляду. Важливим напрямом її роботи була пропагандистська діяльність. Проте антирелігійна пропаганда спілки не була регулярною, їй бракувало систематичності. Безкомпромісна риторика Спілки безвірників наштовхувалася на нерозуміння значної частини населення та викликала зворотну реакцію, що полягала у відстоюванні релігійних переконань. Та все ж, необхідно визнати, що здобутки в антирелігійній роботі безвірницької організації дійсно були, проте передбачених її натхненниками результатів ця кампанія не досягла, оскільки трансформувати світогляд населення радянської України на суцільно атеїстичний, а саме такою була кінцева її мета, більшовики так і не спромоглися.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МЕРЕЖІ ТА КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ ВІЙСЬКОВО-ІСТОРИЧНИХ МУЗЕЇВ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: МАШТАЛІР Вадим , РИЖЕВА Надія
Published: August 2021

Мета дослідження – дослідити мережу військово-історичних музеїв в Україні та здійснити систематизацію закладів сучасної військово-історичної музейної мережі. Методологія дослідження вибудовувалася із застосуванням загальнонаукових принципів системності, історизму та законів логіки, що сприяло пошуку джерел інформації, її відбору, класифікації, систематизації та аналітичній обробці. Використаний методологічний та статистичний інструментарій дав змогу об’єктивно дослідити військово-історичну мережу та запропонувати класифікацію її закладів. Наукова новизна. На основі широкого використання статистичних даних здійснено систематизацію закладів сучасної військово-історичної музейної мережі. Розроблено ознаки класифікації державних музеїв, музеїв у системі Міністерства оборони України, при закладах освіти сфери управління Міністерства освіти і науки України. Проаналізовано співвідношення між військово-історичними та іншими державними музеями України за регіонами та співвідношення між військово-історичними та іншими державними музеями України в Автономній Республіці Крим і м. Севастополь. Висновки. У незалежній України вкрай актуалізоване питання використання знань про свою історію. У його розв’язанні одне з провідних місць займають військово-історичні музеї. Дослідження їх мережі та класифікація залишаються дискусійними й потребують подальшого аналізу. Однак однією з ключових ознак класифікації має стати профіль і типологія музеїв. Відсутність окремого обліку військово-історичних музеїв ускладнило пошук необхідної інформації, який був обмежений збором відомостей з офіційних джерел системи Міністерства культури України та даних Державної служби статистики України.
ПРО САМІТНИКА У САМОТНОСТІ (Рецензія на: Гирич Ігор. В’ячеслав Липинський: хлібороб і жовнір (Співвідношення демократичного і консервативного в його історіософії). Київ, 2019. 310 с.)
Authors: ПІСКУН Валентина , ТЕЛЬВАК Вікторія
Published: August 2021

Рецензія на: Гирич Ігор. В’ячеслав Липинський: хлібороб і жовнір (Співвідношення демократичного і консервативного в його історіософії). Київ, 2019. 310 с.