bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mucocutaneous manifestations of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Sachan Sonal , Suvirya Swastika , Yadav Krishna , Gupta Prashant , Saraswat Abir , Verma Parul , Chandra Usha , Singh Balendra Pratap , Chaudhary Shyam Chand , Dwivedi Durgesh Kumar , Garg Ravindra Kumar , Singhai Atin , Malhotra Kiran Preet , Parihar Anit , Kumar Saurabh
Published: December 2022

Background

Cutaneous mucormycosis has shown a significant upsurge during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the rapid progression and high mortality of cutaneous mucormycosis in this context, it is important to identify it early. However, very few studies report detailed clinical descriptions of cutaneous mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients.

Objectives

To describe mucocutaneous lesions of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis based on clinical morphology and attempt to correlate them with radiological changes.

Methods

A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care centre from 1st April to 31st July 2021. Eligibility criteria included hospitalised adult patients of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis with mucocutaneous lesions.

Results

All subjects were recently recovering COVID-19 patients diagnosed with cutaneous mucormycosis. One of fifty-three (2%) patients had primary cutaneous mucormycosis, and all of the rest had secondary cutaneous mucormycosis. Secondary cutaneous mucormycosis lesions presented as cutaneous-abscess in 25/52 (48%), nodulo-pustular lesions in 1/52 (2%), necrotic eschar in 1/52 (2%) and ulcero-necrotic in 1/52 (2%). Mucosal lesions were of three broad sub-types: ulcero-necrotic in 1/52 (2%), pustular in 2/52 (4%) and plaques in 1/52 (2%). Twenty out of fifty-two patients (38%) presented with simultaneous mucosal and cutaneous lesions belonging to the above categories. Magnetic resonance imaging of the face showed variable features of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue involvement, viz. peripherally enhancing collection in the abscess group, “dot in circle sign” and heterogeneous contrast enhancement in the nodulo-pustular group; and fat stranding with infiltration of subcutaneous tissue in cases with necrotic eschar and ulcero-necrotic lesions.

Limitations

The morphological variety of cutaneous mucormycosis patients in a single-centre study like ours might not be very precise. Thus, there is a need to conduct multi-centric prospective studies with larger sample sizes in the future to substantiate our morphological and radiological findings.

Conclusions

COVID-19-associated mucormycosis patients in our study presented with a few specific types of mucocutaneous manifestations, with distinct magnetic resonance imaging findings. If corroborated by larger studies, these observations would be helpful in the early diagnosis of this serious illness.
Progressive kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and sirolimus-related severe thrombocytopenia
Authors: Ying Hanru , Qiao Congzhen , Wang Lizhen , Lin Xiaoxi
Published: December 2022

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma is a locally invasive tumor and we were unable to find any previous reports of multifocal progression. Sirolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, has been widely used to treat kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. Herein, we report a case of multifocal progressive kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, wherein sirolimus treatment caused severe thrombocytopenia. A 12-year-old East Asian girl presented with indurated dark-purple masses on her back. The patient had received three surgical interventions following the first appearance of the masses in 2012 and subsequent reappearances in 2014 and 2016. Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma was diagnosed based on radiological and pathological findings. Two more masses appeared in the following year. The patient was treated with oral sirolimus (2.5 mg/ m2/day) and developed grade 3 thrombocytopenia 8 days later. The patient was uneventfully relieved 5 days later after the withdrawal of sirolimus and the administration of appropriate medications. This rare case indicated that kaposiform hemangioendothelioma could be progressive with local metastatic characteristics in children. Besides, the severe sirolimus-induced complication highlights the importance of serum drug level monitoring during treatment. Physicians should be extremely cautious while treating kaposiform hemangioendothelioma patients with sirolimus.
KARAKTERISTIK LIMBAH BIOMASSA KULIT BATANG SAGU SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU ENERGI ALTERNATIF DI PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Yanti Rina Novia , Suarno Eno , Ratnaningsih Ambar Tri
Published: December 2022

The availability of fossil energy is decreasing and one day will experience scarcity. For this reason, it is necessary to look for various alternative materials for new renewable energy sources, one of which is by utilizing biomass energy. Sago waste is a form of biomass derived from non-timber forest products. Sago waste found in Meranti Islands Regency has the opportunity to be used as alternative energy raw materials such as biopellets, biobriquettes, and bio gas. Biomass has certain properties according to its type, where it grows, and environmental conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the properties of biomass before use. This study aims to study the physical and chemical properties of sago husk waste as a bioenergy raw material. The method in this research is to analyze the properties of chemical balances in the laboratory and the data obtained are analyzed descriptively. The results of the study of the chemical properties of sago stems were extractive substances of 3.2%, holocellulose content of 53.33%. Hemicellulose 23,58 %, alpha cellulose 29,75 5 and lignin 32, 29 %. As for the physical properties, the water content is 11.29%, the ash content is 1.87%, and the air content is 80.64%. Based on the chemical and physical properties based on laboratory tests, sago husk is mostly used as a raw material for bio gas but is also suitable for the manufacture of biobriquettes, bio pellets and charcoal.Keywords: extractive, holocellulose, lignin, sago bark AbstrakKetersediaan energi fosil semakin lama semakin berkurang dan suatu saat akan mengalami kelangkaan. Untuk itu perlu dicari berbagai bahan alternatif sumber energi baru terbarukan, salah satunya memanfaatkan energi biomassa. Limbah sagu merupakan salah bentuk biomassa, yang berasal dari hasil hutan bukan  kayu. Limbah Sagu yang terdapat di Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti berpotensi untuk dijadikan bahan baku energi alternatif seperti bio pelet, bio briket, bio gas. Biomassa memiliki sifat spesifik sesuai dengan jenis, tempat tumbuhnya dan kondisi lingkungan. Oleh karena itu perlu dipahami sifat-sifat biomassa sebelum dimanfaatkan. Tujan penelitian ini adalah mempejari sifat fisik kimia limbah kulit batang sagu sebagai bahan baku bioenergi. Metode dalam penelitian ini melakukan analisis sifat sisik kimia secara laboratorium dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian dari sifat kimia batang sagu adalah zat ekstraktif 3,2 %, kadar holoselulosa 53,33%. Hemiselulosa 23,58 %, alpheselulosa 29,75 5 dan lignin 32, 29 %. Sedangkan untuk sifat fisik yaitu kadar air 11, 29 %, kadar abu 1,87%, kadar zat erbang 80,64 %. Berdasarkan sifat kimia dan fisis berdasarkan uji laboratorium, kulit batang sagu lebih cocok digunakan sebagai bahan baku bio gas tetapi berpotensi juga dijadikan bio briket, bio pelet dan arang.Kata kunci : ekstraktif, holoselulusa, lignin, kulit batang sagu
Reflective microscopy for mechanistic insights in corrosion research
Authors: Shkirskiy Viacheslav , Kanoufi Frédéric
Published: December 2022

Reflective microscopy (RM) is a robust, label free optical imaging technique that allows fast operando measurements of structural changes on metal interfaces at nanoscale in a wide field. Based on the analysis of the reflected light, RM can be simply understood as “video camera” to produce optical photographs of studied interfaces and thus, it has been used for many years as a complementary tool for the visual inspection. However, recent developments in the optical models and refining the experimental design provided means for the quantitative conversion of reflected light intensities into the variations in roughness, thickness of surface films, chemical composition etc., all indispensable for the surface sciences. This review highlights recent advances and contemporary challenges in the methodological developments of RM specifically tailored for the corrosion research.
Proton-Coupled Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer: Carbon Monoxide Photorelease from Porphyrin-Flavonol Hybrids
Authors: Ramundo Andrea , Janos Jiri , Muchova Lucie , Srankova Maria , Vitek Libor , Slavicek Petr , Klán Petr
Published: December 2022

A new photochemical mechanism, termed proton-coupled energy transfer (PCEnT), was recently discovered in anthracene-phenol-pyridine triads (Pettersson Rimgard et al., Science 2022, 377, 742). It couples an electronic transition to nuclear motions allowing Förster (dipole-dipole) energy transfer even though there is no overlap of the donor emission and acceptor absorption spectra. Here, we extend this concept to triplet-triplet energy transfer (TEnT) from light-harvesting porphyrin to a covalently bound flavonol group. While direct TEnT to the flavonol acceptor would be highly endergonic, it becomes feasible thanks to the flavonol energy stabilization upon intramolecular proton transfer in the triplet state. We describe the overall mechanism as proton-coupled TEnT (PCTEnT) – a one-photon process that enables the activation of a UV-absorbing chromophore by visible light. Several porphyrin-flavonol hybrids containing 4 flavonol units attached to the porphyrin meso positions were designed as photoactivatable carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecules (photoCORMs). The photoreaction mechanism was studied by steady-state and transient absorption spectroscopy techniques and complementary quantum-chemical calculations. While intrinsically toxic, CO is an endogenous signaling molecule with therapeutic potential that regulates various physiological processes, and photoCORMs offer precise spatial and temporal control of CO administration. We evaluated the viability of the human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells in the presence of the studied hybrids and tested the effects associated with the intracellular release of CO and the production of singlet oxygen. We demonstrate that the PCTEnT process could be used to devise new photoactivatable molecular devices with potential biological applications.
193 nm ultraviolet photodissociation for the characterization of singly charged proteoforms generated by MALDI
Authors: Zemaitis Kevin , Zhou Mowei , Kew William , Paša-Tolić Ljiljana
Published: December 2022

MALDI imaging allows for the near-cellular profiling of proteoforms directly from microbial colonies, or plant and mammalian tissues. Despite detecting hundreds of proteoforms, identification of unknowns with only intact mass information remains a distinct challenge, even at with high resolution and mass accuracy. To this end many supplementary methods have been used to create experimental databases for accurate mass matching, including bulk or spatially resolved bottom-up and/or top-down proteomics. Herein we describe the application of 193 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) for fragmentation of quadrupole isolated singly charged ubiquitin (m/z 8565) by MALDI-UVPD on an UHMR HF Orbitrap. This platform permitted the high-resolution accurate mass measurement of not just terminal fragments, but also large internal fragments. The outlined workflow demonstrated the feasibility of high resolution top-down analysis of MALDI generated protein ions and the potential towards more comprehensive characterization of proteoforms in MALDI imaging applications.
Hydrogen Evolution on FTO-Supported Ptn Clusters: Ensemble of Hydride States Governs the Size Dependent Reactivity
Authors: Zhang Zisheng , Masubuchi Tsugunosuke , Sautet Philippe , Anderson Scott L. , Alexandrova Anastassia N.
Published: December 2022

We report the size-dependent activity and stability of FTO-supported Pt1,4,7,8 for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction, and show that clusters are significantly more active than polycrystalline Pt, but also have stability under HER conditions that is size-dependent. To understand the mechanistic origin of the size effects, we carried out detailed DFT-based theory, accounting for the structural fluxionality under varying potentials. We show that, even under coverage of the simplest adsorbate H, the clusters can undergo drastic changes and populate a grand canonical ensemble of hydride states with diverse distributions of stoichiometry, structure, and thus reactivity. Both experiment and theory find that electrocatalysis mainly results from heavily hydrogenated states of the clusters (~2 H/Pt), and an ensemble-based kinetic model reproduces the experimental activity trend and provides detailed insights into the contributions from metastable configurations. The size-dependent stability trend is rationalized by chemical bonding analysis. The comparison of experiment and theory demonstrates the potential- and adsorbate-coverage-dependent fluxionality of subnano clusters of different sizes and offers a systematic modeling strategy to tackle the complexities.
The prevalence of hypertension among patients with psoriasis in clinical practice
Authors: Kuzmina Olga A. , Mironova Olga Iu. , Lepekhova Anfisa A. , Fomin Victor V.
Published: December 2022

Background. Psoriasis is a systemic chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease of a multifactorial nature that affects about 2 to 3% of the population worldwide. Given the systemic nature of the disease, the level of comorbid diseases is high, especially those associated with damage to the cardiovascular system. According to the results of various meta-analyzes, it has been proven that among patients with psoriasis, the risk of developing hypertension is high.
Aim. To evaluate the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) among patients with psoriasis.
Materials and methods. We present an open, prospective, observational clinical trial, which includes 60 patients diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris of varying severity and psoriatic arthritis. All patients underwent clinical and laboratory tests, including the level of total cholesterol, glucose, creatinine, C-reactive protein, calculation of glomerular filtration rate. Body mass index, blood pressure level according to the Korotkov method, severity of the disease by determining psoriasis area and severity Index (PASI), dermatological quality of life index (DLQI), levels of hospital anxiety and depression according to the HADS scale were also assessed. The SCORE2 scale was used to assess cardiovascular risk in patients aged 40 to 69 years, the SCORE 2OP scale for patients aged 70 to 89 years, respectively. Cardiovascular risk was defined as low for patients under 40 years of age. All study participants were examined for the presence of AH.
Results. The prevalence of hypertension was 25%, with prevalence among men (15%). The prevalence of hypertension is directly proportional to the severity of psoriasis (13% with hypertension in patients with severe psoriasis, 12% with hypertension with moderate psoriasis, 2% with hypertension with mild psoriasis).
Conclusion. Given the high prevalence of AH among patients with psoriasis, it is necessary to form a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of patients, including a thorough assessment of cardiovascular risk in clinical practice.
The role of urological pathology in the development of terminal renal failure
Authors: Simonov Pavel A. , Firsov Mikhail A. , Dunc Daria A. , Bezrukov Eugene A. , Ivliev Sergei V.
Published: December 2022

Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most serious and pressing health problems worldwide today. The end stage of CKD leads to disability and dramatically reduces the quality of life, which is caused by the need for continuous renal replacement therapy. The causes of CKD are various and are often caused by urological pathology.
Materials and methods. Five hundred eighty seven case histories of patients with CKD on renal replacement therapy in the Krasnoyarsk Territory for 2022 were analyzed. Most of them were patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (38%) and urological diseases (29%). Other reasons that led to hemodialysis are diabetic nephropathy (12%), hypertensive nephropathy (8%), mixed nephropathy (5%). Systemic diseases with kidney damage, oncological diseases, rejection of a kidney transplant, genetic diseases 2% each.
Results. Оne hundred and seventy patients with urological diseases are on program hemodialysis. The mean age of this group of patients was 56.2 years. The incidence of CKD varies slightly between men (48%) and women (52%). The structure of the incidence of urological pathology is as follows: all patients somehow had signs of chronic pyelonephritis. Of 170 people, only 15% had primary chronic pyelonephritis as the main cause of end-stage CKD. The remaining 81% of patients showed signs of secondary pyelonephritis. Patients with polycystic kidney disease accounted for 44%, patients with urolithiasis 13%, patients with anomalies in the development of the kidneys and urinary tract 7%, vesicoureteral reflux, with prostate adenoma 5% patients with signs of a neurogenic bladder 3% and 3% patients with ureteral structure. Patients with oncological pathology accounted for 4%.
Conclusion. Over the past decade, the structure of diseases of patients on hemodialysis has changed. Due to the more accessible diagnostic service in the region, the proportion of urological pathologies in patients is increasing. At the same time, the timely use of reconstructive, minimally invasive, nephron-sparing operations can reduce the risks of progression of CKD. However, the number of end-stage patients is steadily increasing, requiring continued development of the hemodialysis service and other forms of renal replacement therapy.
Primary enuresis in adults: pathogenesis, clinical course and modern approaches to treatment: A review
Authors: Kuzmin Igor V.
Published: December 2022

The review article presents current data on the epidemiology, classification, pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, and features of the clinical course of primary enuresis in adults. The main methods of treatment of patients with primary enuresis are described in detail. It has been shown that in the treatment of this category of patients, the leading role is given to the use of a synthetic analogue of the antidiuretic hormone desmopressin. A detailed analysis of the pharmacological properties and clinical use of desmopressin in patients with primary enuresis is presented. The advantages of prescribing a sublingual form of desmopressin, which ensures its high efficiency and good tolerability of therapy.
Microporous surface as a new solution for stent surface modification: A review
Authors: Kamolov Imomali H. , Asadov Dzhamil A. , Sandodze Tamara S. , Chernysheva Irina E.
Published: December 2022

The introduction of coronary stents into clinical practice has reduced repeated patient visits compared with balloon angioplasty alone. Also, drug-eluting stents substantially reduced the restenosis incidence. Therefore, later complications related to the implantation of a stent coated with a cytostatic-containing polymer became more relevant. The mechanism of late stent complications is multifactorial. It is mainly due to the body's response to the prolonged indwelling of the drug carrier polymer on the coronary stent's surface. There is a trend towards the return of polymer-free drug coating technologies, which are implemented through certain modifications of stent surfaces for better drug retention and proper drug distribution. It is mainly achieved using drug depots in various reservoirs: grooves, nanoparticles in the matrix compound, micropores, through and blind micro reservoirs, etc. New promising technologies for crystallizing cytostatic drugs or depositing them in specially designed reservoirs show good preclinical and clinical results, comparable or even superior to approved coronary stents. Micropores as carriers for antiproliferative agents on the stent surface are a promising direction to rejecting the use of polymers in stents.
EFFECT OF THE OUTLET ORIFICE ONTHE COOLING SYSTEM OF HEAT EXCHANGE
Authors:   Laboratory of Sciences and Marine Engineering (LSIM), Faculty of Mechanical engineering, USTO-MB, BP 1505, El -Menaouer, Oran 31000, Algeria., Laidoudi Houssem , Tlanbout Ismail
Published: December 2022

This work aims to give new results about the effect of the outlet opening of heat exchanger on its cooling quality. Three outlet opining locations have been studied in order to determine the best location that maximizes the efficiency of the heat transfer. The flow velocity at the inlet of the heat exchanger was also studied. It is worth noting that the research was carried out in a numerical way using ANSYS-CFX simulator.The latter solves both of energy and momentum equations using finite-volume method. Three pertinent parameters are considered here: the velocity of the flow at the inlet port of heat exchangers was controlled in terms of Reynolds number in the range 5 to 40. The pattern and the intensity of thermal transfer, the latter being controlled by the Richardson number selected between the values 0 and 1. The simulation was done for a simple and incompressible fluid. The results of this research showed that there is a possibility to raise the efficiency the heat exchanger if the outlet hole is placed at the bottom of the right side.
BENDING ANALYSIS OF FG POROUS BEAM BASED ON SIMPLE TIMOSHENKO BEAM ELEMENTS
Authors:   Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Architecture, HCM City, Vietnam., That Ton Lan Hoang
Published: December 2022

In this document, the static bending of functionally graded porous (FGP) beam is studied under various boundary conditions and uniform load. Besides, finite element procedure is based on the simple Timoshenko beam theory. The effects of material properties like two types of porosity on bending behaviors are also considered. The solutions achieved in this document are given and evaluated with other solutions in the cited papers to check the feasibility in deployment the formula and creating the Matlab program. Furthermore, this document helps researchers to get some information about the bending behaviors of the proposed structures.
DESIGN OF A NEW POTATO COMBINE HARVESTER
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China, Xin Lili , Liang Jihui ,   School of Automobile and Traffic, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China
Published: December 2022

There are two ways to harvest potatoes. One is to harvest potatoes with a large potato combine harvester. The excavated potatoes are screened by one-and two-level screening and conveying devices, and then collected and conveyed by a collection device moving forward in parallel with the harvester, which is energy-intensive because the harvester is large. The other is to harvest potatoes with various small potato combine harvesters. Among them, the simplest one is a small potato combine harvester with only a one-level ordinary rod screening and conveying device. The excavated potatoes are simply screened only by a conveying screen running flatwise, and then directly fall on the ground for artificial collection, which is labor-intensive and inefficient. In view of the above problems, a small potato combine harvester with compact structure, high harvest efficiency and good potato quality was designed in this paper. The proposed harvester comprises a frame, a soil cutting plate, an excavation device, six levels of potato separation conveying devices, a potato collection device and a drive system. The one-level separation conveying device uses the quincunx-shaped vibrator to vibrate the potato soil mixture conveyed by the excavation device slightly at high frequency, which crushes large clods while keeping potatoes from rolling and colliding, reducing the damage of potatoes; the two-level separation conveying device uses the finger-shaped claw conveying device to break up small clods; the three-level separation conveying device has soil dumping function; the four-level separation conveying device uses a roller brush to brush off the soil attached to potato skins. The disk rotation shafts of the five-level separation conveying device make the potatoes roll forward to further remove the residual soil. The proposed harvester realizes automated potato excavation, separation, conveying and harvesting, and improves the potato harvest efficiency and quality. The results of this paper can provide some reference for the design and optimization of potato combine harvesters.
DESIGN, FABRICATION AND EXHAUST GASES ANALYSIS OF CORN COB FEEDING UNIT INSTALLED WITH STEAM BOILER
Authors:   Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan, Ali Muhammad Azhar , Ghani Abdul ,   Department of Structures and Environmental engineering, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan, Nasir Abdul ,   Department of Structures and Environmental engineering, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan, Yamin Muhammad ,   Department of Farm Machinery and Power, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan, Nadeem Muhammad ,   Department of Farm Machinery and Power, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan
Published: December 2022

A sustainable approach towards energy production is the need of time due to the ongoing energy and food crisis. Due to increase in demand of energy the demand of fossil fuels will increase. The limited fossil fuels cannot meet the demand of the current energy produced. Many new technologies are being adopted by scientists. New developments in boiler technology have made the industries work well so they can move towards an economic and environment friendly approach. The boilers used in industries have a high operational cost and their harvesting/collection mechanism is difficult and time consuming. Using conventional fossil fuels there is a lot of risk of hazardous air pollution which causes skin and infectious diseases. The current study is on corn cob feeder reactor where the reactor will be efficiently design in a textile mill. The impact of this boiler on environment was analyzed towards a sustainable approach and the different air emissions were measured and they were compared with the emissions of conventional fossil fuels where a significant reduction in using corn cob was found as compared to the conventional fossil fuels.
ASSESSMENT OF THE SUITABILITY OF SOLAR ELECTRICITY ADOPTION IN POULTRY INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture Faisalabad UAF 38000 Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan, Ali M.A. , Matloob M. , Sahar A. , Yaminb M. ,   Department of Farm Machinery and Power, University of Agriculture Faisalabad UAF 38000 Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
Published: December 2022

This study was undertaken up to help farmers in the enhanced applications of solar energy at their poultry farms. As irregular supply of electricity and its high cost in the form of electricity bills and surcharge, is subjecting irreparable losses to poultry business. Solar energy with meager investment would help poultry business to flourish constantly by reducing one prime input factor. Each segment of poultry system whether it is heating, ventilation, humidity control or mechanized feeding, all require regular supply of power which could only be attained through solar energy that is available at the doorstep of the farmer for most part of the year. To tap this resource reliable and effective energy use system at poultry farms, especially of medium and small sizes. It seems easily manageable with the solar based energy. A comparison between both types for the benefit of our farmers an attempt is being made to come up with of poultry sheds i.e. conventional electricity and solar electricity based poultry shed is being made and payback period (26 – 27 years) and cost of one Solar based poultry shed (2.232 m2) for 32 birds is obtained (Rs. 108500). Energy requirement for one laying hen is 4.85 kW-hr/year.
THE KARSTIC GEOMORPHOLOGY IN THE DOLOMITE OF DRINJAL FORMATION IN CENTRAL IRAN (CASE STUDY SADDAT SIRIZE IRON MINE)
Authors: Meybodi Enayatollah Emami , Hussain Syed Khaliq
Published: December 2022

In the present work, we deal with the geomorphological features formed by karstification in the dolomite of the Drinjal Formation. The study area is located on the southeast wall of the Saddat Sirize iron mine, which is mostly covered by the sedimentary sequence of the Drinjal Formation. The geomorphological features have a direct effect on the slope stability, extraction of the orebody, etc., in a mining project. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of karst geomorphology on the mining project. For this purpose, fields methods were used to examine the dolomite of Drinjal formation. Dolomite in the study area has a variety of developed karstic geomorphological features such needle shape karrens, solution runnel karrens and cryclastic karrens, conical shape doline and Collapse dolines, Karstic cavity and Karst windows. karst geomorphology makes it highly susceptible to a variety of different geological hazards. These karstic geomorphologies can cause the instability of the Saddat Sirize iron mine wall.
FLY ASH STABILIZED LATERITIC SOIL AS SUBBASE MATERIAL: A REVIEW
Authors: Nik Daud Nik Norsyahariati , Aliff Rusdi Mohammad
Published: December 2022

The aim of this review is to gain insights of the geotechnical properties of lateritic soil that make it suitable to be used as a subbase material, and discuss the improvements done on the properties to further strengthen them. Several additives are reviewed for the lateritic soil stabilization, and fly ash is chosen to be the material of interest. This is so to answer the problem statement of would fly ash be a potential material for soil stabilization. Based on this review, it is understood that lateritic soil is commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions and is classified as sandy clay or silty clay. Studies also have shown that fly ash is potential to be used as a stabilizer in soil improvements. The presence of free lime may react with the silicates and aluminates, resulting to a long-term strength gain in soil. Class C fly ash contains more free lime that would lead to better strength gain in the earlier stage as compared to Class F fly ash. In addition to that, the particle size of the fly ash would also affect the improvement results, as smaller particle size allows more effective surface for the pozzolanic reaction to occur. The significance of this review is to show the potential of fly ash in improving lateritic soil, other than providing more evidence to encourage the incorporation of industrial waste in soil stabilization.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF SOME OF THE ROCKS IN THE SEKONDIAN SERIES – IMPLICATIONS FOR PETRO-MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF THE ROCKS
Authors: Wilson Matthew Coffie , Asumah Theophilus Amo , Emmaham Joshua Tetteh , Asante Kingsley Kwame
Published: December 2022

This study petrologically and mechanically assesses and compares five of the seven stratigraphic units of the Sekondi Group comprising Elmina sandstone from Central region; Ajoa, Takoradi, Takoradi Harbour and Essipong shales from the Western region in Ghana. All the studied shales were detrital clastic sedimentary rocks observed to have angular, near rounded and elongated crystal habits which are randomly distributed within fine-grained clay minerals as cementing matrix. These characters were clearly observed in the Ajua shales than the others. Unlike the shales, no chlorite, organic materials or foliations were observed in the Elmina sandstone. Also, the most consisted minerals in the shales were the feldspars (K- and plagioclase) and quartz, whereby the K-feldspar dominated the other crystals in the sandstone. The finer texture of the shales may be inferred that the shales have undergone longer times and distances of transportation process. The UCS test carried out on the Elmina sandstone reveals it to be a weak rock with a strength value of 37.3 MPa whilst the Schmidt Hammer test carried out on the four shale rock samples define the shales to be delaminated with the average rebound value of zero (0) each. Both results confirm the megascopic and microscopic petrological results, since both revealed the occurrences of laminated sections within the rocks, and the fissile property of all the shales. It also proves megascopic observation of Elmina sandstone being the hardest of the rocks observed, although the sandstone is still relatively weak from the rock hardness classification.
CHARACTERISTICS AND IMPACTS OF EXTREME PRECIPITATION UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE: BASED ON CNKI LITERATURE INVESTIGATION
Authors: Zhang Xinru
Published: December 2022

Extreme precipitation event is one of the most extensive and harmful meteorological disasters in China and even the world. Discussing the research situation of extreme precipitation under the background of climate change can grasp the research status and hot spots in this field from a macro perspective and provide a reference for in-depth understanding of the causes and trends of extreme precipitation. Since 1992, the research on extreme precipitation has been gradually carried out, so this study systematically counts and analyzes the scientific literature from the CNKI database from 1992 to 2022 by bibliometric. It shows that the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events increase in the China monsoon region, and the regional differences are obvious. It also has a great impact on agricultural production and vegetation coverage. In addition, in recent years, scholars have gradually carried out research on the relationship between extreme precipitation and atmospheric circulation, especially the relationship between the spatial and temporal characteristics of extreme precipitation and ENSO events, which has become a new research hotspot. It is suggested that future studies should comprehensively analyze various influencing factors, quantitatively analyze the impact of extreme precipitation on agricultural production and vegetation coverage, and put forward corresponding solutions.
A REVIEW: LACTATION EFFICIENCY OF GADDI BUFFALO OF NEPAL
Authors: Sharma Prativa , Adhikari Prabha , Adhikari Himal , Bhatta Surya Sharma
Published: December 2022

Livestock contributes 12.5% of Agricultural GDP in Nepal. Out of which 6% comes from buffaloes. Indigenous breeds of buffaloes identified in Nepal are Lime, Gaddi and Parkote. Although Gaddi breed is superior to other indigenous breeds, their pure breeds are rarely found in the country. The production traits reviewed were Lactation length, Colostrum period, Days to reach peak milk yield, dry period, calving interval, average daily milk production, peak milk yield, lactation milk yield which were found to be 420 days, 3-4 days, 105 days, 228 days, 702 days, 3.5 liters, 5.3litres, 1222.6litres respectively. This data reveals better lactation efficiency of Gaddi breed. Due to poor management practices, lack of awareness of farmers, lack of appropriate breeding policies and negligence of the government on its proper conservation, they are about to be extinct. Therefore, appropriate selection program within the breeds and establishment of the nucleus herds, application of advance breeding tools such as artificial insemination, initiation of community-based conservation should be adapted as soon as possible in order prevent them from extinction.
COVID-19 EFFECT ON NET INCOME OF RURAL BLACK BENGAL GOAT FARMERS OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Sharker Mizanur Rahman , Chanda Tanni , Hasan Jahid , Debnath Goutam Kumar , Ahmed Juned
Published: December 2022

Global community has seriously affected by COVID-19. From China it has spread all over the world in a year, threatened the human life and their socio-economic condition. Livestock sector is also in a vulnerable condition. In Bangladesh there was a little research on the loses that has occurred during this pandemic in livestock sector. Our study was taken to focus on effect of cost benefit ratio during and before the pandemic COVID-19 of Black Bengal goat rearing of Bangladesh. A total of 70 farmers were randomly chosen. The primary data of socio-economic condition of the farmers and data for fixed and recurring cost was taken by a pretested questionnaire. The data was then analyzed to find out the differences between cost benefit analysis ratio before and during pandemic of COVID-19. The study showed that though per kg meat prize significantly increased during pandemic but most of the parameters for calculating cost benefit ration have been decreased significantly (p<0.05). As, a result the net income reduces almost half and one forth during pandemic. This finding indicates that Black Bengal goat farming has seriously affected by the pandemic. So, long term necessary initiative should be taken helping this sector.
Chestnut Production And Its Prospects In Nepal
Authors: Yadav Pankaj Kumar , Bhujel Prabina , Kafle Nischal
Published: December 2022

The Global Hunger Index ranked Nepal as 73 out of 107 countries in 2020. Food security is one burning issue. For Nepalese farmers it is high time to diversify their food items as well as production and gain better market access with competency. In this case, chestnut can be the potential one. Chestnut is a high-demanding nut with a unique nutrient quality that distinguishes it from other nuts. Its demand is increasing in country as well globally. Chestnuts elevated its use confectionery, associated with their health benefits and is anticipated to push the chestnuts market forward. Increasing the health consciousness of the people and increasing research on the analysis of the nutritional constituent and their role in human health its importance is flourishing. Chestnut flour is now becoming quite prevalent in pastries, which is propelling the worldwide manufacturing and trade market for chestnuts. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, Asia-Pacific dominates the chestnut market. Nepal too is predicted to have a wonderful production opportunity and marketplace due to its geographical comparative advantage. Nepal has a good opportunity to utilize the wild cultivar as the root-stock to make high yielding varieties by grafting it with some high yielding varieties (Japanese and Chinese). Nepal has the possibility of upgrading the utilization of underutilized land and resources to enhance the economy. Further, research and extension works, variety improvement and collaboration among the concerned authorities are must for improvement, commercial production and increasing import of chestnut.
Evaluation Of Germination Quality Of Wheat Seeds Dried In Fluidized Bed Dryer
Authors: Islam Md. Mofizul , Nasrin Mst. Taslema , Islam Motaharul , Sarker Md. Sazzat Hossain
Published: December 2022

An attempt was conducted taking three wheat varieties (BARI gom-24, Shatabdi, Bijoy) to investigate the application and suitability of single-stage fluidized bed drying for quality wheat seeds in terms of germination percentage. Drying of wheat seed was conducted in a fluidized bed dryer at three temperatures of 35°C, 40°C, and 45°C at a constant bed thickness of 13 cm and 4.5 m/s of air velocity. Total drying time required for drying of each variety 210 min (3.5hr), 150 min (2.5hr) and 80 min (1.3hr) at temperature 35°C, 40°C, and 45°C respectively for reduction of moisture from 16.98±0.15% to 12±0.1% wb. In contrast, sun drying (33±2°C) took 270 min (4.5 hr). It was shown, the drying time required in the fluidized bed drying method was almost 22-71% shorter than the sun drying method. The germination percentage was 94.67%, 97.33%, 88% for the variety “BARI gom-24” 93.67%, 97%, and 91.33% for the variety Shatabdi and 95%, 96.67%, 89.67% for the variety Bijoy while dried in a fluidized bed dryer at temperature 35°C, 40°C, and 45°C respectively. The germination percentage of sun-dried samples was 90.67% (BARI gom-24), 92.33%. (Shatabdi) and 92% (Bijoy). In the comparison of germination, wheat seed samples dried in the fluidized bed dryer at 35°C, 40°C showed a higher germination percentage than sun drying wheat seed samples. Therefore, the proposed drying technique does not only facilitate faster removal of moisture content, and also a higher germination percentage was found than the existing sun drying method. So, fluidized bed drying can be effective for wheat seeds in Bangladesh.
OPTIMIZING THE REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF CHROMIUM FROM TANNING PLANT EFFLUENT BY ADSORPTION METHOD WITH ACTIVATED CARBON CHAT STEMS (CATHA EDULIS) USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Bullo Tafere Aga , Bayisa Yigezu Mekonnen
Published: December 2022

Due to the high-water consumption of tanning plants, which produce many pollutants such as wastewater and heavy metals (chromium) as by-products enter the water bodies and pollute or harm the environment. This study investigated the removal of hexavalent chromium (VI) from wastewater using activated carbon Chat-Stem. Adsorption is a common treatment method using activated carbon because these heavy metals can be removed inexpensively, profitably, and efficiently. The approximate analysis of the moisture content of the chat stem is 6%, ash content of activated carbon is 17.35%, the volatile matter is 20.12%, fixed carbon content is 56.53%, and the bulk density of activated carbon is 0.392 g/cm3 at 360 ° C, which is in good agreement with the standard quality of activated carbon. As the process parameters changed, the increase of chromium removal efficiency was from 62.5% to 97.03%. The Maximum conditions of chromium removal efficiency were observed at the adsorbent dosage of 30 g/L, at pH of 4, and contact time at 180 minutes using the activated carbon chat stem to remove Cr from wastewater was found to be 97.03% with the desirability of 1 and the corresponding chromium removal efficiency optimized to 97.50%. The selected optimal conditions at the adsorbent dosage of 29.155 g/ml, at a PH of 3.32, and contact time of 174.651 min increasing the chromium removal efficiency to 97.83% with desirability 1 at Run 1. The surface of the chat stem before and after adsorption was characterized by FTIR. For short contact times, Langmuir and Freundlich’s adsorption isotherms were 0.9839 and 0.9995, respectively
REMEDIATION OF NUTRIENTS FROM MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER USING GERMAN GRASS-AIDED FLOATING TREATMENT WETLAND
Authors: Rashid Sumaiya , Hossain Md. Altaf , Ishaque Fahmida , Rahman Md. Hafizur , Rahman Md. Joybor
Published: December 2022

The potential of using German grass (Echinochloa polystachya) in FTWs (Floating Treatment Wetlands) to treat municipal wastewater was investigated in this study. This mesocosm-based study was conducted over a 7-day Hydraulic Retention Period (HRT) with a total of 28 experimental days following a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments and three replicates. To evaluate system efficiency, mean temperature, PH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC) were also measured along with nitrate and phosphate concentrations. On day 28, the nitrate removal rate obtained with Pickerel weed was 88.65 % while German grass showed 86.56 % of remediation. On the other hand, while Pickerelweed removed 9.5 % of phosphate, German grass removed 7.47 %. The study demonstrated that the use of German grass in FTWs can be highly effective in the removal of nitrate ions from wastewater, while the removal of phosphate ions was minimal.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE COLOR CORRESPONDING TO THE DIFFERENT ABSORBENCIES OF TANNERY WASTEWATER BY RESPONSE SURFACE DESIGNS
Authors: Bouazza Ghariba , Souabi Salah , Madinzi Abdelaziz , Chatria El Houssine
Published: December 2022

The control of pollutant discharges, during the treatment of wastewater from tanneries, is the main task to restore the ecological environment and minimize the time and cost. In this work, we performed experiments concerning the treatment of industrial discharges from a tannery located in the city of Mohammedia-Morocco. An optimization study will be presented to model and optimize the corresponding absorbances at the following wavelengths: 436 nm, 525nm and 620 nm, using the most influential factors such as coagulant, pH and flocculant. In order to minimize the number of experiments performed, the Box-Behnken response surface design was applied. Quadratic models characterizing the three absorbances studied during the treatment will be obtained. The statistical, graphical and algebraic characteristics will be presented. A perfect agreement between the theoretical and experimental results has been established, with a very good performance in the depollution of treated wastewater.
The Orthodox Church and the Marginal Policy of the Empire (Based on the Materials of Siberia of the Late 19th – Early 20th Centurу)
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Dameshek L. M.
Published: December 2022

The article examines the importance of the Orthodoxy spread in Siberia as one of the incorporation forms of the Asian Russia peoples into the economic, administrative and socio-cultural space of the Russian Empire. The evolution of these methods is noted, associated with the changing tasks of the political construction of the empire and the development of commodity–money relations in the economy, everyday life and social relations among the indigenous population of the region during the 18th – early 20th centuries. It is emphasized that in the Russian colonization model of the eastern outskirts of the empire, political and socio-cultural goals associated with the spread of Orthodoxy mutually complemented each other. This was another difference between Russia's colonization policy towards the outskirts of the state and the colonial empires of the West
Correlation Between Education and Age to the Perception of COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Unwanah Lana , Djannah Sitti , Suryani Dyah , Pratama Yanasta Yudo , Tristifanny Annisa , Rahmanda Andita , AbuHilail Hamza
Published: December 2022

Background: COVID-19, a pneumonia-like disease, started to spread at the end of 2019 and became a pandemic globally. Vaccination is one of the programs to reduce the severity of particular conditions, including COVID-19. However, in Indonesia, the response to COVID-19 vaccination remains low. This study aimed to assess the correlation between age and educational background to the perception of COVID-19 in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia.
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from August to September 2021 at several vaccination centers in Yogyakarta City of Yogyakarta province. Total sampling was used to recruit participants during the mass vaccination period. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis.
Results: 1,068 participants joined this study, with an age average of 29.8. Most respondents graduated from senior high school 528 (49.4%). Bivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between education and knowledge about Adverse Events Following Immunization (p=0.01).
Conclusion: Perception of the adverse event following immunization was significantly associated with education.