bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O seminário em livros didáticos do Ensino Médio
Authors: Lima da Silva Rocha Ana Virgínia , Batista Monteiro Maria Clara
Published: December 2023

Diversos estudos acadêmicos têm revelado a importância do domínio de práticas de oralidade e de gêneros orais para a atuação profissional e a vida em sociedade, como Scheneuwly; Dolz (2004) e Araújo; Silva (2013). Não obstante, esses autores, bem como Magalhães (2020), argumentam que a oralidade ainda ocupa um espaço tímido tanto na escola quanto na universidade; ou, quando presente nessas esferas, é possível notar a ausência de compreensão teórico-metodológica por parte da/do docente e, consequentemente, de orientações a/ao discente para atividades que envolvam tal modalidade linguística. O presente artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar as dimensões de gênero textual/discursivo contempladas em orientações didáticas para a produção de seminário em livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa. Para tanto, à luz de estudos apresentados em Schneuwly; Dolz e colaboradores (2004), tecemos reflexões acerca da oralidade no ensino de Língua Portuguesa. Além disso, propomos a definição de seminário como um hipergênero, com base em Bonini (2011) e em Storto; Fonteque (2018). Nesse sentido, descrevemos e analisamos três propostas de produção de seminário em livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa do Ensino Médio aprovados pelo PNLD 2018. Adotamos o modelo de análise de gêneros textuais/discursivos proposto por Magalhães e Silva (2021), que consiste na observação das seguintes dimensões: discursividade, textualidade, normatividade. A fim de adequarmos a análise ao hipergênero em foco, ampliamos o modelo, acrescentando as dimensões multimodalidade e recursos operacionais. Os resultados apontam que os materiais didáticos fornecem encaminhamentos coerentes e relevantes para a realização do seminário, considerando-se características desse hipergênero e os critérios apresentados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático – PNLD. Isso revela avanços significativos em relação ao ensino de Língua Portuguesa. Por outro lado, observam-se orientações didáticas ainda permeadas por um desconhecimento relativo à compreensão da oralidade, reforçando, inclusive, mitos do senso comum, ao tratar os gêneros orais como não planejados, intuitivos, totalmente desvinculados da escrita e, consequentemente, das práticas de letramento.
A variação ideológica dos partidos políticos brasileiros
Authors: Souza Ailton
Published: December 2023

Associar a ideologia dos partidos aos espectros ideológicos de esquerda, centro ou direita pode ser considerado algo simples ou uma tarefa mais complexa quando considerarmos o amplo quadro de partidos e possibilidades analíticas de classificação.  Inseridos neste contexto, este artigo discute estabilidade e volatilidade das classificações ideológicas, avaliando em que medida a ideologia dos partidos pode ser considerada estática ou volátil quando consideramos uma zona neutra? Em tal abordagem, faz-se o uso de um estudo qualitativo que analisa alguns dos principais estudos classificatórios. Destaca-se neste contexto a existência de definições relativamente “frágeis” ou meramente temporais quando analisadas em longo prazo. E da mobilidade bidirecional de legendas, embora estas não se movimentem até um polo totalmente inverso a sua posição inicial.
DEBATE ELEITORAL SIMULADO: UMA NOVA ESTRATÉGIA METODOLÓGICA DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM NA SAÚDE
Authors: Valentim Regis de Souza , Ataíde Cáthia  Alessandra Varela , Lima Dinorah de França , Moura Marina Gabriela Medeiros de , Valença Cecília Nogueira , Souza Jane Carla de
Published: December 2023

Introdução: As concepções e metodologias tradicionais vêm sendo substituídas por metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem, visando uma formação que seja capaz de transformar o discente em um profissional crítico e reflexivo. Objetivo: Descrever uma nova estratégia metodológica de ensino-aprendizagem, nomeada Debate Eleitoral Simulado (DES) Metodologia: Relato de experiência de uma disciplina obrigatória cursada em um Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Saúde Coletiva. Resultados: A metodologia do DES exige o engajamento e preparo do grupo moderador de debate. Além disso, exige também envolvimento ativo dos estudantes, pois difere de métodos de ensino tradicionais. O objetivo central foi, portanto, o desenvolvimento da autonomia e protagonismo dos estudantes, o estímulo à discussão e às argumentações pertinentes ao tema e o aprendizado consistente. Conclusões: A inovação do método de ensino incentivou a criatividade dos sujeitos na atividade, principalmente na construção de propostas e argumentos. Esse novo enfoque metodológico é dinâmico e interativo, dessa forma proporcionou uma aprendizagem consistente, efetiva e principalmente, significativa.
INVESTIGAÇÃO SOBRE OS MÉTODOS DE ASSEPSIA E EQUIPAMENTOS DE PROTEÇÃO INDIVIDUAL UTILIZADOS POR MANICURES E PEDICURES
Authors: Nascimento Lília Costa , Cavalcanti Adilma da Cunha , Mota Silva Miriam Maria , Silva Maria Carolina Barbosa Moura da , Cabral Hevelly Carlos , Santos Nathália Patrícia Almeida
Published: December 2023

Introdução: As atividades laborais de manicures e pedicures geram riscos de exposições acidentais aos patógenos vinculados ao sangue como vírus,  fungos e bactérias, devido à falta de adesão às medidas de biossegurança, e procedimentos de esterilização acarretando riscos à saúde dos profissionais e clientes. Objetivo: Verificar os conhecimentos das manicures e pedicures sobre os métodos de limpeza e esterilização de materiais, o uso de equipamentos de proteção individual e doenças relacionadas à profissão. Metodologia: Estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa, realizado entre Outubro de 2017 a Janeiro de 2018, com 22 participantes finais. Incluídos os maiores de 18 anos, ambos os sexos, experiência mínima de um ano e residir em Nova Floresta. A técnica para seleção da amostra foi snowball.  Resultados: A limitação de conhecimento sobre os riscos laborais na exposição de agentes infectantes, a baixa adesão no uso de equipamentos de proteção individual e a falta de padronização no processo de descontaminação, limpeza, desinfecção e esterilização dos instrumentais estão associados ao potencial risco de contaminação por agentes infecciosos, e ao acometimento de doenças infectocontagiosas por manicures, pedicures e clientela. Conclusões: Existem fragilidades no conhecimento destes profissionais, a maioria expõe métodos de antissepsia precários, devido a falta de sistematização e padronização dos procedimentos de limpeza, descontaminação dos instrumentais e o uso de equipamentos de proteção individual, além do conhecimento da profissão ter sido adquirido  informalmente.
Palavras-Chave: Contenção de Riscos Biológicos; Equipamento de Proteção Individual; Esterilização; Centros de Embelezamento e Estética; Segurança do Paciente.
EFEITO DO pH DO GEL CLAREADOR DE CONSULTÓRIO NA COR E NA SENSIBILIDADE DENTÁRIA
Authors: Araújo Isabela Dantas Torres de , Queiroz Dilana Mota de , Assunção Isauremi Vieira de
Published: December 2023

Introdução: Sabe-se que a busca pela estética é algo cada vez mais crescente. Dentre os procedimentos mais procurados na odontologia estética, destaca-se o clareamento dental de consultório. Diante disso, temos agentes clareadores de diferentes pHs e a carência de estudos sobre seus efeitos na efetividade clareadora e na sensibilidade. Objetivo: Avaliar a sensibilidade dentária e a eficácia clareadora de géis clareadores à base de peróxido de hidrogênio a 35% com diferentes pHs. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de três casos, descritivo e observacional, do tipo boca dividida (split-mouth) para cada estratégia clareadora (gel clareador com pH básico e gel clareador com pH ácido). Foram avaliados três pacientes de 25, 26 e 27 anos de idade. Realizou-se registro de cor por meio da escala VITA Classical e avaliação da sensibilidade dentária pela escala visual analógica.  Resultados: Todos os pacientes avaliados apresentaram cor A3 no registro de cor inicial e, após o clareamento dental, atingiram a cor A1. Todos relataram uma maior sensibilidade no hemiarco direito (local onde foi aplicada o gel clareador Whiteness HP que possui pH ácido. Dois pacientes relataram sensibilidade dentária no hemiarco esquerdo em que foi aplicado o gel clareador de pH básico. Conclusões: Observa-se a eficácia clínica dos géis clareadores de consultório à base de peróxido de hidrogênio a 35% na estabilidade de cor após o tratamento clareador, independente do seu pH. Ademais, nota-se que o gel clareador de pH básico promoveu menor sensibilidade pós-operatória.
DIABETES TIPO II. A TERAPIA PERIODONTAL NÃO CIRÚRGICA PODE FAVORECER O CONTROLE GLICÊMICO DO PACIENTE?
Authors: Teixeira Alessandra , Maciel Euler
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A doença periodontal corresponde à condição que acomete os tecidos de proteção e/ou suporte do dente através de uma inflamação crônica causada por patógenos. Esta condição pode ser modificada ou associada às doenças sistêmicas, como por exemplo, o diabetes mellitus tipo II (DM2). Objetivo: Avaliar quais os efeitos da terapia periodontal não cirúrgica sobre o controle glicêmico de pacientes diagnosticados com DM2. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa elaborada a partir de pesquisas clínicas randomizadas indexadas nas bases de dados Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science e BVS, na qual foram utilizados os descritores “periodontal diseases treatment”, “glycemic control” e “metabolic control”. Resultados: Dos trabalhos avaliados, seis foram selecionados para compor a revisão, tendo em vista os critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos. Logo, é notório que a terapia periodontal básica indica melhora no controle glicêmico dos pacientes com DM2, de acordo com análise da HbA1c e PCR, portanto, com base nos resultados dessa pesquisa, o tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico parece contribuir para o controle metabólico. Apesar disso, alguns estudos se opõem ao resultado do controle glicêmico desses pacientes, reforçando a existência de variáveis que interferem nos resultados da pesquisa, como os níveis de hemoglobina, estágio da doença periodontal, amostra, dieta e atividade física dos pacientes. Conclusões: O resultado deverá ser avaliado com maior cautela, tendo em vista as possibilidades de variáveis presentes nesse tipo de pesquisa. Por fim, ensaios controlados devem ser realizados para alcançar um maior esclarecimento a respeito dos efeitos da terapia periodontal não cirúrgica no controle glicêmico de pacientes com DM2.

Palavras-Chave: Doenças periodontais; índice glicêmico; hemoglobina A glicada.
TELEMONITORAMENTO DOS IDOSOS DE NATAL-RN NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: ESTUDO LONGITUDINAL DESCRITIVO
Authors: Amancio Amanda de Medeiros , Sousa Lucas Cavalcante de , Rodrigues Fillipe  Morais , Medeiros Ruan Garcia de , Guerra Eliana Costa , Ferreira Maria Ângela Fernandes
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A telessaúde se popularizou como uma importante ferramenta na avaliação remota e de prestação de cuidados em saúde. Uma de suas vertentes consiste no monitoramento remoto, também chamado de telemonitoramento ou televigilância, que se difundiu, sobretudo para grupos populacionais vulneráveis, como a população idosa, em especial durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Objetivo: Conhecer o perfil sociodemográfico, o estado de saúde e os comportamentos relacionados à saúde dos idosos monitorados durante a pandemia da COVID-19 no município de Natal/RN. Metodologia: Estudo longitudinal descritivo, com três momentos de observação. A amostra foi composta por idosos adscritos a 22 unidades de saúde de Natal-RN, acompanhados por meio de ligações telefônicas, de agosto de 2020 a julho de 2021. A análise dos dados foi realizada através do software Epi Info™, versão 7.2.4, a partir de frequências absolutas e relativas, medidas de tendência central e dispersão (média e desvio padrão). Resultados: Participaram do estudo 1.348 idosos. A maioria era do sexo feminino (63,7%), com média de 70 anos, morava acompanhada (81,8%), esteve assintomática (77,0%), possuía comorbidades (81,5%) e dependia de medicações de uso contínuo (81,9%). Os sintomáticos diminuíram ao longo dos três momentos avaliados e menos de 1% evoluiu ao óbito. Conclusões: O telemonitoramento contribuiu com a longitudinalidade do cuidado, proporcionando a busca ativa contínua de idosos sintomáticos e fortalecendo as atividades das Unidades de Saúde.

Palavras-Chave: Telemonitoramento, Idoso, Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde, Atenção Primária à Saúde, COVID-19.
CIRCO
Authors: Coelho Bortoleto Marco Antonio , Baptistotti Nunes João Gabriel
Published: December 2023

O presente estudo apresenta um diagnóstico sobre formação e os saberes relativos à segurança entre profissionais e praticantes de circo. Participaram desta pesquisa descritiva-exploratória, 147 profissionais, que responderam a um questionário semiestruturado. Os resultados mostram que a maioria dos respondentes reconhecem o risco como característica inerente ao circo e a segurança como um aspecto central para a sua prática, embora poucos relataram formação específica. O estudo sugere, portanto, a urgência de ações formativas que favoreçam a qualificação profissional no âmbito da segurança no circo no contexto nacional.
FRONTE[I]RA|FRACAS[S]O
Authors: Telles Lima Rafael
Published: December 2023

Ensaio fotográfico de Rafael Telles da obra FRONTE[I]RA | FRACAS[S]O criada pelos Clowns de Shakespeare em compartilhamento com o grupo boliviano Teatro de Los Andes, durante o ano de 2022.
Classes hospitalares
Authors: Fantacini Isabella Maria Cruz , Pedroso Cristina Cinto Araujo
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo decorre de uma pesquisa de mestrado que objetivou compreender a organização e o funcionamento de classes hospitalares, bem como a formação inicial e continuada de professores em um hospital público do estado de São Paulo. Participaram do estudo três professoras de classes hospitalares. Foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas como procedimento de coleta dos dados. Os dados indicaram que a formação inicial das professoras não foi suficiente para suprir os conhecimentos exigidos para a atuação no ambiente hospitalar, expondo a relevância da formação continuada. As condições físicas e materiais das classes hospitalares do mesmo hospital são díspares, criando desigualdades na educação ofertada. Durante a pandemia da COVID-19, o serviço foi suspenso, e os estudantes hospitalizados não tiveram garantido seu direito à educação. Conclui-se que o atendimento escolar hospitalar ainda necessita de mais legislações específicas quanto ao ensino hospitalar no que tange à organização, ao funcionamento, à formação inicial e continuada de professores.
Dialogar com crianças
Authors: Furlanetto Ecleide Cunico , Passeggi Maria
Published: December 2023

O artigo coloca em debate modos de dialogar com crianças no âmbito da pesquisa qualitativa em educação. O estudo pauta-se em narrativas de crianças sobre as experiências por elas vividas em instituições voltadas para a infância. Apresenta-se, inicialmente, o quadro teórico para em seguida focalizar os cenários da pesquisa, os desafios de métodos e protocolos utilizados ao longo de onze anos de pesquisas realizadas com crianças. O interesse é problematizar o desdobramento desses diálogos sob o prisma do olhar de quem pesquisa e das aprendizagens que se fazem mutuamente entre pesquisadores e crianças. Conclui-se pela importância desses diálogos como base necessária à formação do pesquisador, da criança, de seus professores e de implementação de políticas públicas para o bem-estar da criança nas instituições por elas responsáveis.
Synthesis of Polyalkoxymethylenedioxy-1,4-naphthoquinones from Parsley Seed
Metabolite
Authors: Varakutin Alexander E. , Muravsky Egor A. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Samet Alexander V. , Semenov Victor V.
Published: December 2023

A convenient synthesis of polyalkoxy-1,4-naphthoquinones, good starting materials
for analogues of natural quinones, has been developed. Bromonaphthoquinone, more
stable than its hydroxylated analogue, turned out to be a convenient and accessible key
synthon for the preparation of various polyalkoxylated naphthoquinones. The obtained quinones
could be useful starting materials for the preparation of biologically active polymethoxy-
and hydroxy-methylenedioxynaphthoquinones.
ClpP Peptidase as a Plausible Target for the Discovery of Novel
Antibiotics
Authors: Bhardwaj Smriti , Roy Kuldeep K.
Published: December 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to currently available antibiotics/drugs is a global
threat. It is desirable to develop new drugs that work through a novel target(s) to avoid drug resistance.
This review discusses the potential of the caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) peptidase complex
as a novel target for finding novel antibiotics, emphasising the ClpP’s structure and function. ClpP
contributes to the survival of bacteria via its ability to destroy misfolded or aggregated proteins. In
consequence, its inhibition may lead to microbial death. Drugs inhibiting ClpP activity are currently
being tested, but no drug against this target has been approved yet. It was demonstrated that Nblocked
dipeptides are essential for activating ClpP’s proteolytic activity. Hence, compounds mimicking
these dipeptides could act as inhibitors of the formation of an active ClpP complex. Drugs,
including Bortezomib, Cisplatin, Cefmetazole, and Ixazomib, inhibit ClpP activation. However,
they were not approved as drugs against the target because of their high toxicity, likely due to the
presence of strong electrophiles in their warheads. The modifications of these warheads could be a
good strategy to reduce the toxicity of these molecules. For instance, a boronate warhead was replaced
by a chloromethyl ketone, and this new molecule was shown to exhibit selectivity for
prokaryotic ClpP. A better understanding of the structure and function of the ClpP complex would
benefit the search for compounds mimicking N-blocked dipeptides that would inhibit ClpP complex
activity and cause bacterial death.
Discordance of Aqueous/Plasma HIV Replication on ART
Authors: Che Xin , Wang Luoziyi , Ma Weimei , Wang Rui , Wang Zhiliang
Published: December 2023

Background:

The study was conducted to analyze HIV dynamics across blood–retinal
barrier (BRB) and the relevant risk factors for HIV-associated ocular complications.

Methods:

This study included a case series of 40 HIV-positive patients with ocular lesions, which
were studied retrospectively. Clinical and laboratory examinations included plasma and intraocular viral load (VL).

Results:

HIV VL on paired aqueous/plasma samples was available for 40 patients. Aqueous VL
was negatively associated with antiretroviral treatment (ART) duration (p = 0.02 and p < 0.05),
and plasma VL was independent of ART duration (p = 0.53). An aqueous/plasma discordance was
found in 19/40 (47.5%) patients, eight of whom (20%) had detectable aqueous VL despite a suppressed plasma VL (escape). There were significant differences in CD4+
T-lymphocyte levels
(p=0.011 and p < 0.05) and ART duration (p=0.007 and p < 0.05) between the patients with HIVassociated ocular complications and the patients without.

Conclusion:

This study provides a rationale for initiating ART early in the course of infection to
reduce HIV VL in the aqueous humor, and raises the possibility of the ocular sanctuary where
HIV replicates. Meanwhile, early and standard ART would be an optimal option to protect against
ocular opportunistic infection.
Biological Activities of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Green Synthesized Using
the Aqueous Extract of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss
Authors: Mirzania Foroogh , Salimikia Iraj , Ghasemian Yadegari Javad , Marzban Abdolrazagh , Firouzi Amirmasoud , Nazarzadeh Alireza , Aalaei Javid
Published: December 2023

Background:

Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. is known as a native medicinal plant of Iran.

Objective:

In this study, aqueous extract of D. kotschyi was used to synthesize ZnO-NPs. To produce
ZnO-NPs, aerial parts of D. kotschyi were powdered and then macerated for obtaining aqueous extract, after that, aqueous extract was used to reduse zinc nitrate to ZnO-NPs.

Methods:

To confirm nanoparticles synthesis, SEM, TEM, UV-Vis, FTIR, and XRD were used. The
synthesized ZnO-NPs were studied for antimicrobial activities by microdilution method for calculating MIC and MBC. Analysis of ZnO-NPs confirmed successful synthesis by extract of D. kotschyi.

Results:

The sizes of ZnO-NPs were estimated 50-200 nm in diameter. Antibacterial and antifungal
experiments showed potent activities against Staphylococos aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and
Candida albicans. The results of the studies showed that the nanoparticles synthesized with the aqueous extract of D. kotschyi have a much greater antimicrobial effect than the aqueous extract of D.
kotschyi and zinc nanoparticles, each alone (MIC values 3.7 to 7.5 mg/ml).

Conclusion:

The noteworthy point is that the inhibitory rate of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles
is higher compared to broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as chloramphenicol (MIC values 15 mg/ml).
Determining the therapeutic and toxic dose of this product for humans requires further investigation
and clinical trials.
Study of the Immunogenicity of Combination of Recombinant RBD (Omicron) and Nucleocapsid Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Expressed in Pichia Pastoris
Authors: Azimova Shakhnoz , Sasmakov Sobirdjan , Eshboev Farkhod , Abdurakhmanov Jaloliddin , Ashirov Oybek , Khasanov Shukhrat , Makhnyov Artyom , Baymirzaev Asadali , Alimukhamedova Orzigul , Sadullaev Tulkin , Yusupova Elvira , Nasriddinov Khusan , Terenteva Ekaterina , Umarova Mukaddas , Khamidova Umida , Piyakina Galina , Lysova Elena , Ikramov Saidazim , Tosheva Nigora , Dolimov Khayotjon , Gaynazarova Saodat , Yarilkaganova Aygul
Published: December 2023

Background:

SARS-CoV-2 is a virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic that began in late 2019. This pandemic has had a devastating impact worldwide, resulting in over 6.95 million deaths. The development of effective vaccines against the virus is crucial for preventing infection and reducing the severity of the disease. Objective: This study aimed to obtain the recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the nucleocapsid (N) proteins of SARS-CoV-2 as well as assess the immunogenicity of the combination of these recombinant proteins.

Methods:

The recombinant plasmids encoding the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of the Omicron variant and the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 were cloned into the yeast Pichia pastoris. The optimal fermentation conditions were established for recombinant P. pastoris strains. The methods for the isolation and purification of the target recombinant RBD and nucleocapsid proteins were developed. The immunogenicity of the purified recombinant proteins was evaluated by injecting them into mice and analyzing the specific IgG antibody responses using ELISA.

Results:

The study found that RBD and N proteins, as well as their combination, showed antigenic specificity and were highly immunogenic in mice. The immunogenicity was measured by determining the antibody titer, which represents the concentration of antibodies produced in response to the antigen. The antibody titers were 1:60000 for both RBD and N proteins, and 1:80000 for their combination.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that the expressed proteins could be potential candidates for the development of vaccines or immunological diagnostic test kits for combatting or detecting the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2.
Sorbus Aucuparia L. Fruit Extract and its Cosmetics – As Promising Agents for Prophylactic and Treatment of Pyodermitis: Phytochemical and Microbiological Research
Authors: Maliuvanchuk Svitlana , Grytsyk Andriy , Melnyk Mariia , Kutsyk Roman , Yurkiv Khrystyna , Raal Ain , Koshovyi Oleh
Published: December 2023

Background:

The problem of acne is relevant. The market mostly represents synthesized substances for prevention and treatment, but medical cosmetics based on plant-origin raw material, especially fruits, can be offered. The fruits of Sorbus aucuparia L. are rich in biologically active substances, which turned out to be unique in solving problems of acne.

Objective:

The aim of the research was to study the phenolic composition and microbiological activity of the S. aucuparia fruit extract and the proposed medicinal cosmetics to prove the possibility of their use for the treatment of pyodermitis.

Methods:

The phenolic compounds of the S. aucuparia fruit extract obtained with 70% ethanol solution were studied by HPLC. The microbiological research was carried out by methods of diffusion into agar.

Results:

In the S. aucuparia extract gallic acid, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, ellagic acid, hyperoside, rutin, quercetin-3-D-glucoside, chlorogenic, caffeic, ferulic and р-coumaric acids, umbelliferone were identified and quantified. The antimicrobial activity of the S. aucuparia extract has been established. The synergism of antimicrobial activity of 1/4 and 1/64 minimal suppression concentration erythromycin against all tested Staphylococci strains was manifested by the extract. Biological active substances of S. aucuparia fruits more effectively restore sensitivity to erythromycin in Staphylococci with low macrolide resistance of Staphylococci (MLS-resistance) due to blocking reflex mechanisms.

Conclusion:

The S. aucuparia fruit extracts are rich in phenolic compounds and show antimicrobial activity against all used test-strains of microorganisms. The results of the study indicate their high antimicrobial activity against the main pathogens of pyodermitis - S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes.
Effects of Fertigation Treatment Using a Subsurface Drip System on Spring Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Growth and Yield
Authors: Kim Jong Hyuk , Rho Il Rae
Published: December 2023

Background:

In potato, irrigation and fertilization significantly affect yield. Subsurface drip irrigation and fertigation system are very effective in supplying water and fertilizers directly to crop root zones.

Objective:

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fertigation treatment according to fertilizer concentration and composition on spring potato growth and yield using a subsurface drip system.

Methods:

Fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium were applied at various concentrations and fertilizer compositions during the tuber initiation and filling stages to determine the appropriate fertilizer concentration. And then, the selected EC 1.0 (NK) and K single-use treatments (K 20, K 50, and K 70 kg, ha-1) were used for fertigation treatment with a subsurface drip system.

Results:

The nutrient uptake by fertilizer concentration results for spring potato cultivation confirmed that nutrient absorption was best at EC 1.0. Accordingly, based on EC 1.0, the nutrient uptake rate by fertilizer composition (EC 1.0; NPK, NK, K) was the best in the NK and K treatments. The application of K 50 (50 kg ha-1) for subsurface fertigation had the highest yield, with an approximately 61% increase over the control treatment and a 19% increase over the irrigation treatment.

Conclusion:

Fertigation treatment using the surface drip system at the tuber initiation and filling stages will contribute to the stable production and improvement of potato productivity by increasing the efficiency of water and fertilization.
An Element-Free Galerkin Analysis of Hyperelastic Materials
Authors: Boudaia El Hassan , Bousshine Lahbib , Daya Abdelmajid
Published: December 2023

Nonlinear formulations of the Element-Free Galerkin Method (EFGM) are
presented for the large deformation analysis of Ogden’s hyperelastic materials, which
are considered incompressible. The EFGM requires no explicit mesh in computation
and therefore avoids mesh distortion difficulties. In this study, the implementation of
the Moving Least Squares (MLS) approximation with the quartic spline weight
function is used to obtain the shape function and the transformation method is proposed
to impose the essential boundary conditions. Numerical results for a typical example
show that the present method is effective in dealing with large deformation hyperelastic
materials problems. 
Design, Mathematical Modeling and Thermal Performance Evaluation of Water Solar Collector for the Desalination Process
Authors: Zarzoum K. , Zhani K. , Bacha H. Ben
Published: December 2023

This chapter presents the modeling and the experimental study of a water
solar collector coupled to an optimized solar still developed in order to boost
freshwater production in a solar distillation system. The desalination process is
currently operated under the climatological conditions of Sfax, Tunisia. To numerically
simulate the water solar collector, we developed a dynamic model based on heat and
mass transfer of the water solar collector. The obtained set of ordinary differential
equations was converted to a set of an algebraic system of equations by the functional
approximation method of orthogonal collocation. The aim of this study is to present the
mathematical model and experimental study of this water solar collector. 
Sequelae and Macular Perfusion Repercussions in Obstructive Venous Vascular Phenomena of the Retina
Authors: Parfitt Geraint J. , Quiroz-Reyes Miguel A.
Published: December 2023

Venous drainage from the retina merges into the central retinal vein and can be obstructed in the branch veins that drain the retinal quadrants, or the central retinal vein itself, which are termed Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) and Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO), respectively. Obstruction of retinal venous drainage often leads to a sudden or progressive increase in distal venous and capillary pressure with loss of vision and visual field defects. The extent of visual impairment correlates with the location and severity of the venous occlusion and how it impacts perfusion in the retina. Macular edema or retinal ischemia secondary to retinal vein occlusion is responsible for vision loss in retinal vein occlusions, and the advent of anti-VEGF therapeutics has revolutionized the management of vascular disease in the retina.

In this chapter, we review our current understanding of retinal vein occlusions and how OCT-Angiography (OCT-A) is being used clinically in the diagnosis and management of obstructive venous vascular phenomena. The benefits of using OCT-A in the diagnosis and management of CRVO and BRVO over conventional approaches, such as Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA), are discussed. The current limitations of OCT-A and recent advances in the technology are also covered here. Finally, we assess how OCT-A can play a role in the development of new therapeutics to tackle one of the major causes of vision loss worldwide.
Postoperative Ocular Perfusional Findings in Successfully Reattached Severe Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy, An OCT-A Evaluation
Authors: Dávila-Gonzalez Juan Pablo , Dalma-Weiszhausz José
Published: December 2023

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is the separation of the neurosensory retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and is one of the leading causes of severe vision loss when it involves the macula or proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in different stages. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Optical coherence tomography - angiography (OCT-A) have opened a new scenario in the investigation of macular microstructural abnormalities in RRD.

Findings in the preoperative retinal detachment structural B-scans in OCT such as ellipsoid zone (EZ)/external limiting membrane (ELM) integrity, cavities along the inner nuclear layer (INL) or outer nuclear layer (ONL), retinal height of detachment at the fovea, presence of retinal folds and subfoveal choroidal thickness may predict the functional and structural outcomes.

Structural and en-face analysis with OCT-A in RRD with PVR has demonstrated an enlarged foveal avascular zone, and changes in the flow at the superficial, intermediate and deep capillary plexus during 6 months postoperative follow up. High resolution and deep enhancing imaging OCT-A technology will provide an important role regarding the choriocapillaris and choroid and their potential correlation with visual acuity recovery.

OCT and OCT-A will provide preoperative prognostic biomarkers and adequate vascular retinochoroidal layers may influence a postoperative outcome.
Choroidal Neovascularization: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Current Management Strategies
Authors: Marasini Sanjay , Quiroz-Reyes Miguel A.
Published: December 2023

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is characterized by the growth of new blood vessels from the choroid to the subretinal pigment epithelium, subretinal space, or both. Newer diagnostic and treatment methods, such as, Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factors, are becoming increasingly effective for CNV diagnosis and management, respectively. Anti-VEGF (Ranibizumab, Bevacizumab, and Aflibercept) treatment has become the first-line treatment for CNV and has replaced other methods, such as laser photocoagulation and photodynamic therapy. The current literature has established similar safety and efficacy of the three drugs (Ranibizumab, Bevacizumab, and Aflibercept) in the treatment of CNV, especially when the visual loss is mild. However, Aflibercept has been reported to result in slightly better long-term visual outcomes. Newer molecules such as Brolucizumab and Faricimab show the potential to decrease the treatment frequency and increase efficacy due to better penetration and by increasing drug concentration in the retina, addressing the limitations of the currently available drug options.
However, their investigation was in the early stages and may have taken some time before being seen in the clinic. Innovative methods for continuous drug delivery to the vitreous through the use of dedicated ocular implants filled with anti-VEGF drugs for controlled release (port delivery systems) have also shown promising results in clinical trials. The development of this technique is expected to reduce the total number of injections and maintain stable vision. Different clinical trial protocols across studies remain an issue in addressing research questions related to dosing frequency and gaps.
Differentiating ChatGPT-Generated and Human-Written Medical Texts: Quantitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liao Wenxiong , Liu Zhengliang , Dai Haixing , Xu Shaochen , Wu Zihao , Zhang Yiyang , Huang Xiaoke , Zhu Dajiang , Cai Hongmin , Li Quanzheng , Liu Tianming , Li Xiang
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Large language models, such as ChatGPT, are capable of generating grammatically perfect and human-like text content, and a large number of ChatGPT-generated texts have appeared on the internet. However, medical texts, such as clinical notes and diagnoses, require rigorous validation, and erroneous medical content generated by ChatGPT could potentially lead to disinformation that poses significant harm to health care and the general public.

OBJECTIVE

This study is among the first on responsible artificial intelligence–generated content in medicine. We focus on analyzing the differences between medical texts written by human experts and those generated by ChatGPT and designing machine learning workflows to effectively detect and differentiate medical texts generated by ChatGPT.

METHODS

We first constructed a suite of data sets containing medical texts written by human experts and generated by ChatGPT. We analyzed the linguistic features of these 2 types of content and uncovered differences in vocabulary, parts-of-speech, dependency, sentiment, perplexity, and other aspects. Finally, we designed and implemented machine learning methods to detect medical text generated by ChatGPT. The data and code used in this paper are published on GitHub.

RESULTS

Medical texts written by humans were more concrete, more diverse, and typically contained more useful information, while medical texts generated by ChatGPT paid more attention to fluency and logic and usually expressed general terminologies rather than effective information specific to the context of the problem. A bidirectional encoder representations from transformers–based model effectively detected medical texts generated by ChatGPT, and the F1 score exceeded 95%.

CONCLUSIONS

Although text generated by ChatGPT is grammatically perfect and human-like, the linguistic characteristics of generated medical texts were different from those written by human experts. Medical text generated by ChatGPT could be effectively detected by the proposed machine learning algorithms. This study provides a pathway toward trustworthy and accountable use of large language models in medicine.
Exploring Generation Z and Young Millennials’ Perspectives of a Spiritual Self-Care App and Their Spiritual Identity (Skylight): Qualitative Semistructured Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Park Susanna Y , Yourell Jacqlyn , McAlister Kelsey L , Huberty Jennifer
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Generation Z and young millennials (ages 18-35 years), collectively referred to as GenZennials, are connected to technology and the internet like no other generation before them. This has mental health implications, such as increased rates of anxiety and stress. Recent research has shown that app-based mental health interventions can be useful to address such mental health concerns. However, spirituality is an untapped resource, especially since GenZennials largely identify as spiritual and already integrate spiritual practices into their self-care.

OBJECTIVE

There were four objectives to this study: (1) comprehensively explore reasons why GenZennials use a spiritual self-care app (ie, Skylight; Radiant Foundation), (2) understand how GenZennials identify spiritually, (3) understand the app’s relevance to GenZennials, and (4) gather feedback and suggestions to improve the app.

METHODS

Semistructured interviews were conducted with 23 GenZennials (ages 18-35 years; mean 28.7, SD 5.0 years; n=20, 87% female) who used the Skylight app. Interviews were 30 to 60 minutes and conducted on Zoom. Thematic analysis was used to analyze interviews.

RESULTS

Five major categories emerged from the analysis, each encompassing one to several themes: (1) reasons for using the Skylight app, (2) content favorites, (3) defining spiritual identity, (4) relevance to GenZennials, and (5) overall improvement recommendations. Participants used the app for various reasons including to relax, escape, or ground themselves; improve mood; and enhance overall health and wellness. Participants also cited the app’s variety of content offerings and its free accessibility as their primary reasons for using it. Most participants identified themselves as solely spiritual (8/23/35%) among the options provided (ie, spiritual or religious or both), and they appreciated the app’s inclusive content. Participants felt that the app was relevant to their generation as it offered modern content (eg, spiritual self-care activities and short content). Participants recommended adding more personalization capabilities, content, and representation to the app.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to qualitatively explore GenZennials’ perspectives and the use of a spiritual self-care app. Our findings should inform the future creation and improvement of spiritual self-care apps aimed at cultivating GenZennials’ spiritual and mental well-being. Future research is warranted to examine the effects of using a spiritual self-care app on GenZennial mental health.
FİNANSAL DERİNLEŞMENİN BANKA KÂRLILIĞINA ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ KATILIM BANKALARI ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: ÖNER Muhammed Hadin
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın temel amacını, finansal derinleşmenin katılım bankalarının kârlılıklarını nasıl etkilediği oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca takipteki krediler, banka büyüklüğü, döviz kurları, gayrisafi yurtiçi hasıla büyüme oranı (GDP), faiz oranları, işsizlik ve enflasyon değişkenleri de çalışmada dikkate alınmıştır.

Yöntem: Analizler için Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren Albaraka Türk Katılım Bankası, Kuveyt Türk Katılım Bankası, Türkiye Finans Katılım Bankası, Ziraat Katılım Bankası, Vakıf Katılım Bankası ve Emlak Katılım Bankası’nın 2005Q4-2023Q2 dönemine ait veriler kullanılarak panel veri analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma bulgularına göre finansal derinleşmenin katılım bankalarının kârlılıkları üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca takipteki kredilerin negatif, banka büyüklüğü ve işsizliğin pozitif bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Döviz kurları, GDP, faiz oranları ve enflasyon değişkenleri ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı çıkmamıştır.

Sonuç: Finansal derinleşmenin katılım bankalarının kârlılıkları üzerindeki rolünün negatif olduğu bulgular ile ortaya konulmuştur. Katılım bankalarının finansal derinleşmenin bu olumsuz etkisinin yanında diğer faktörlere de odaklanması gerekmektedir. Dolayısıyla banka yönetimlerinin kârlılığı etkileyen bu faktörleri detaylı analiz ederek geleceğe dair stratejik adımlar atması beklenilmektedir.
Hidup dalam Ketidakpastian: Strategi Pedagang Pantai Pulang Sawal dalam Menggapai Resiliensi pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Yuda Oki Oktami , Sushartami Wiwik
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini berangkat dari fakta bahwa pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak yang negatif bagi kehidupan manusia di berbagai sektor. Pantai Pulang Sawal merupakan salah satu destinasi wisata yang terkena dampak secara tidak langsung dari pandemi COVID-19. Dampak yang ditimbulkan menyentuh para pedagang yang hidupnya sangat bergantung pada operasional pariwisata. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi yang dilakukan oleh para pedagang di pantai Pulang Sawal dalam menggapai resiliensi di tengah masa pandemi COVID-19. Selanjutnya, untuk melihat hubungan antara strategi yang telah para pedagang lakukan dengan berbagai kemungkinan kendala yang akan mempengaruhi kualitas resiliensi mereka. Penelitian fenomenologis dilakukan dengan wawancara semi terstruktur dengan pedagang makanan dan minuman. Strategi yang dilakukan oleh pedagang dipengaruhi oleh kebijakan apa yang saat ini ditcerapkan. Modal sosial yang dimiliki pedagang mendorong mereka untuk berjualan sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Namun, para pedagang juga mencoba mengambil keuntungan di bawah aturan formal ketika menghadapi situasi sulit seperti ketika pantai Pulang Sawal ditutup. Mereka juga menggunakan modal lingkungan berupa ketersediaan sumber daya alam untuk mencukupi kebutuhan pokok dan meningkatkan pendapatan mereka. Pada kenyataannya, strategi yang dilakukan para pedagang memiliki kendala di luar kendali mereka sehingga membawa mereka ke kerentanan.
The Factors of Rice Farmers’ Poverty in Indonesia: The Perspective of Land Conversion, Land Ownership Area, and Agriculture Technologi
Authors: Widyanto Septian , Subanu Leksono Probo
Published: December 2023

Rice is very important as Indonesia’s main staple. It contributes a lot to the national expenditure where more than 80% of households of every social class consumed rice. There is a high demand level for rice but there is a limited number of farmers. Of 70% of households in rural that work in the agricultural sector, only 50% grow rice, and most of them are poor farmers. Almost 52% of Indonesia’s rice is produced at Java Isle. However, production growth is only 0,7% given the rapidly increasing number of people and land conversion over the past 7 years. Most Indonesian farmers are classified as small farmers has average land ownership of only less than 0.5 hectares, making them can’t innovate and only can fulfil their basic needs without saving for investment. This is made worse by around 35% of farmers don’t own their land. Technology usage also become an issue where 85% of farmers don’t use internet and 45% are not used in using mechanical technology. The purpose of this research is to find the effect of paddy land conversion, land ownership area, and agriculture technology on farmer’s poverty in Indonesia. By using multiple regression method on 6 independent variables data from all Indonesia provinces, we found that the most significant variable to reduce farmer’s poverty is land ownership area. The statistical result is supported and cross-checked by data and related policies from literature review, and interview with some stakeholders from Ministry of Agriculture, local government, paddy farmer representative, and agriculture instructor.
Visi Penggagas Persatuan dalam Bahasa Indonesia: Kajian Historis Lahirnya Bahasa Persatuan Indonesia
Authors: Zaman Saefu , Rahmawati Anis , Maryanto Maryanto , Tjaraka Ajeng Rahayu
Published: December 2023

Akhir-akhir ini terdapat kekhawatiran bahwa bahasa nasional Indonesia, bahasa Indonesia, kehilangan makna historisnya sebagai bahasa pemersatu. Salah satu upaya mengatasi hal tersebut adalah dengan menumbuhkan ingatan bersama tentang sejarah lahirnya bahasa Indonesia. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan kembali sejarah, visi, dan perjuangan lahirnya bahasa Indonesia. Data penelitian ini berupa naskah, laporan kongres, surat kabar, catatan sejarah, dan biografi tokoh. Dengan menggunakan kajian historis, hasil penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya konteks bahasa Indonesia yang lahir bersamaan dengan munculnya semangat persatuan bangsa di kalangan organisasi-organisasi kepemudaan untuk mencapai tujuan kemerdekaan. Bahasa Indonesia lahir dari keinginan akan persatuan yang berlandaskan satu tanah air, satu bangsa, dan satu bahasa. Ide nama bahasa Indonesia pertama kali muncul di harian Hindia Baroe pada tanggal 11 Februari 1926. Nama “bahasa Indonesia” muncul kembali dalam sidang perumusan hasil Kongres Pemuda I pada tanggal 2 Mei 1926. Nama “bahasa Indonesia” secara resmi diakui oleh para perintis perjuangan pada penutupan Kongres Pemuda Kedua yang diintegrasikan ke dalam Sumpah Pemuda. Nama “bahasa Indonesia” dimunculkan untuk menghilangkan adanya imperialisme bahasa dari satu bahasa suku tertentu ke bahasa suku lainnya yang dikhawatirkan akan menghambat persatuan bangsa.
Knowledge and Power in Indonesian Traditional Music: A Genealogical Approach on the Transformation of the Meaning of Karawitan
Authors: Chung Ji Pyo
Published: December 2023

The term Karawitan is generally known to mean gamelan music, more specifically Javanese, Balinese, and Sundanese gamelan music tuned to slendro and pelog scales. However, the term is discursive and has meaning in wider contexts as well. The term karawitan first appeared during the colonial period in royal courts on Java to indicate Javanese gamelan music. However, through its nation-wide university karawitan programs, the Indonesian government and art academics use the term to refer to all Indonesian traditional music practices (Musik Nusantara).Thisarticle gives a postcolonial account of the discourse surrounding the term karawitan to trace the transformation of its meaning. It employs Michel Foucault's theory of discourse and genealogical research methods to explore colonial-era and post-colonial literature using the term karawitan. By reviewing various discourses about karawitan, authors provide a more nuanced understanding about how power operates in the context of traditional music in Indonesia. We illustrate how the meaning of “karawitan” has been re-defined and contested through discursive practices. In general, these transformations demonstrate a shift from colonial power to national power