bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The possibility of obtaining promising road bitumenes of PG grades under the conditions of the project for the installation of AVT-6 PJSC Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim
Authors:   JSC «Middle Volga Oil Refining Research Institute» (JSC «MidVolgaNIINP»), Pozdnyakov V. V. , Lipatova V. M. ,   JSC «Middle Volga Oil Refining Research Institute» (JSC «MidVolgaNIINP»), Egorov A. G. ,   JSC «Middle Volga Oil Refining Research Institute» (JSC «MidVolgaNIINP»), Tyukilina P. M. ,   JSC «Middle Volga Oil Refining Research Institute» (JSC «MidVolgaNIINP»)
Published: August 2023

The article investigates possible options for processing heavy oils entering refineries separately or when they are processed together with the oils of West Siberian deposits according to the bitumen profile. It is shown that the production of demanded unmodified grades of road bitumen PG 64-28 and PG 58-34 according to GOST R 58400.1 in the conditions of weighting of crude oil during the implementation of the ELOU-AVT-6 installation project at Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim, it is possible if measures are taken to compensate for the deficit in paraffin-naphthenic and aromatic compounds. For the production of these PG grades, an increased introduction of the TVG of this installation is required (from 25 to 40 %), however, it will not require the use of the TVG from AVT, which are in demand for oil production, processing mainly oil from West Siberian fields, or plasticizing components from the oil production complex (selective purification extracts).
ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРАВОВА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ УЧАСНИКІВ БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Наливайко І. О.
Published: August 2023

У статті йдеться про розвиток законодавства, що захищає учасників бойових дій в Україні. Проаналізовано визначні досягнення останнім часом у правовому регулюванні соціального захисту учасників бойових дій в Україні. Протидія та стримування збройного вторгнення росії вплинули на рівень захисту учасників конфлікту, це створило необхідні умови для гідного рівня життя. Незважаючи на тривалість конфлікту росії з Україною – понад 9 років, існує недосконале регулювання соціальних виплат учасників бойових дій. Під час дослідження нормативно-правового механізму, що регулює соціальний захист учасників бойових дій, виявлено низку проблемних моментів, які перебувають поза нормативно- правовим полем, зокрема, щодо зниклих безвісти та військовополонених, відсутності загальноприйнятих протоколів (протоколів). Було виявлено, що розвиток військової медичної реабілітації та відповідної інфраструктури стає все більш важливим в Україні, оскільки інвалідність, спричинена війною в країні, зростає. За цих обставин необхідно збільшити інвестиції держави та органів місцевого самоврядування в розвиток сучасних реабілітаційних закладів, залучити до участі інших суб’єктів, і це важливий напрям. Відзначено деякі останні досягнення в правовому регулюванні соціального захисту учасників бойових дій в Україні. Продемонстровано необхідність розширення можливостей надання додаткових соціальних пільг учасникам бойових дій на рівні об’єднаних територіальних громад. З метою удосконалення нормативно-правових механізмів державного управління у сфері соціального захисту учасників бойових дій пропонується залучати до розробки законодавчих актів такі організації, як громадські та ветеранські об’єднання, спілки, інші соціальні партнерства.
АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ ЩОДО ПРАЦЕВЛАШТУВАННЯ ВИПУСКНИКІВ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТІ «ГРОМАДСЬКЕ ЗДОРОВ’Я»
Authors: Гущук Ігор Віталійович , Сміянов Владислав Анатолійович , Вівсянник Олег Михайлович , Сафонов Роман Валерійович
Published: August 2023

Актуальність. Наріжним каменем реформування національної системи охорони здоров’я є розбудова ефективної системи охорони / захисту громадського здоров’я на індивідуальному та популяційному рівнях, де ключову роль відіграє кадрова політика й кадрове забезпечення галузі. Мета роботи – напрацювати пропозиції для подальшого внесення змін до Довідника кваліфікаційних характеристик професій працівників Випуск 78 «Охорона здоров’я» та наказу МОЗ України від 03.08.2021 року № 1614. Матеріали та методи. Для досягнення поставленої мети використовували аналітичний та порівняльний методи. Результати дослідження. У процесі проведеної роботи встановлено низку проблеми, які потребують якнайшвидшого вирішення: у штаті регіональних центрів контролю та профілактики хвороб МОЗ України не передбачені посади для бакалавра громадського здоров’я; на посаду «фахівець з громадського здоров’я» та «фахівець з довкілля та здоров’я» в штат регіональних центрів контролю та профілактики хвороб МОЗ України не приймають бакалаврів громадського здоров’я, хоча Наказом Мінекономіки від 25.10.2021 року № 810-21 «Про затвердження Зміни № 10 до національного класифікатора ДК 003:2010» у розділ 4.2. «Професіонали» додано працівників освітньої кваліфікації за першим (бакалаврським) рівнем вищої освіти; наказом МОЗ України від 03.08.2021 року № 1614 «Про організацію профілактики інфекцій та інфекційного контролю в закладах охорони здоров’я та установах / закладах надання соціальних послуг / соціального захисту населення» не передбачено працевлаштування бакалаврів за спеціальністю «Громадське здоров’я», які апріорі є головним кадровим потенціалом для ЗОЗ. Висновки. Надано пропозиції на адресу МОЗ України щодо працевлаштування випускників-бакалаврів та магістрів за спеціальністю громадське здоров’я.
Parent Training dan Manajemen Stress pada Kesehatan Jiwa Caregiver yang Merawat Anak Pekerja Migran
Authors: Wicaksono Kurniawan Erman , Kurniyanti Mizam Ari
Published: August 2023

Abstrak
Permasalahan psikologis anak yang ditinggal orangtuanya menjadi pekerja migran Indonesia yaitu masalah psikososial hingga masalah perkembangan dan pertumbuhan anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis parent training dan manajemen stress terhadap kesehatan jiwa caregiver merawat anak yang ditinggal orangtua pekerja migran Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experiment yang terbagi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen dengan pemberian intervensi parent training dan manajemen stress. Jumlah responden 100 caregiver yang tersebar di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pamotan dengan kriteria caregiver mengasuh anak yang ditinggal orangtua menjadi pekerja migran Indonesia, caregiver sudah merawat anak pekerja tiga tahun, dan caregiver mengalami masalah kesehatan. Teknik sampling yang digunakan secara non probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan mengukur kesehatan jiwa caregiver yang mengasuh anak ditinggal orang tua menjadi pekerja migran Indonesia adalah parental stress scale (PSS). Data hasil penelitian diuji menggunakan uji t berpasangan untuk mengetahui perbedaan rerata skor kesehatan jiwa caregiver pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Data hasil uji t berpasangan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna skor kesehatan jiwa caregiver antara kelompok intervensi dan kontrol dengan nilai p = 0,000 (p < 0,05). Parent training dan manajemen stress memiliki pengaruh terhadap kesehatan jiwa caregiver dalam merawat anak pekerja migran.
Kata Kunci: parent training, manajemen stress, caregiver, migran
Abstract
The psychological problems of children whose parents have become Indonesian migrant workers range from psychosocial issues to problems of child development and growth. The purpose of this study was to analyze parent training and stress management on the mental health of caregivers caring for children left behind by the parents of Indonesian migrant workers. The research method used a quasi-experiment  into two groups, namely the control and the Intervention Group By Providing Parent Training Interventions And Stress Management. Respondents Of This Study was 100 caregivers with the criteria of caregivers taking care of children left by their parents to become Indonesian migrant workers, have cared for three-year-old working children, and experiencing health problems. The sampling technique used non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling technique. The measuring tool used to the mental health of caregivers is the parental stress scale (PSS). Result of this study used the paired t-test showed that was a significant difference in caregiver mental health scores between the intervention and control groups with p=0.000 (p<0.05). Parent training and stress management have an influence on the mental health of caregivers in caring for children of migrant workers.
Keywords: parent training, stress management, caregivers, migrants
Identification of Bioactive Molecules from Combretum micranthum as Potential Inhibitors of α-amylase through Computational Investigations
Authors: Bodun Damilola Samuel , Omoboyowa Damilola Alex , Balogun Toheeb Adewale , Enyinnaya Abigail Osinachi
Published: August 2023

The rising prevalence of diabetes necessitates continued research into natural antidiabetic medicines that target a key biochemical enzyme involved. The α-amylase enzyme is involved in the digestion of starch, glycogen, and disaccharides in the gastrointestinal tract. Its essential roles and distinct properties make it an effective antidiabetic target. This work aimed to use in silico approaches to find possible α-amylase inhibitors from Combretum micranthum bioactive substances. On the Schrödinger Maestro 12.5, over 50 C. micranthum compounds were screened, followed by MM-GBSA and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) studies of the highest affinity compounds. The α-amylase binding affinities were higher for rutin trihydrate and myricetin-3-rutinoside (-12.162 kcal/mol and -10.935 kcal/mol, respectively). They reacted with amino acids that are required for the inhibition of α-amylase. As a result, these compounds have the structural characteristics, binding affinities, and molecular interactions necessary as α-amylase inhibitors and could be turned into antidiabetic medicines through lead optimization and experimental research.
The Effectiveness of Using Padlet in Collaborative Writing Based on Students’ Perceptions
Authors: Ramadhani Ayu Sinta , Dewi Utami , Syahnaz Mufida , Kihwele Jimmy Ezekiel
Published: August 2023

The phenomena of technological growth in English instruction are expanding quickly all over the world.This progress happens not just in wealthy nations, but also in emerging nations, where the instructor mustdevelop technology-based teaching strategies and tools when teaching English. Indonesia, a developingnation, places a strong emphasis on expanding the use of technology in EFL instruction. English wassubsequently included in the general curriculum and even taught to kids in elementary schools as a directresult of this choice. This study will use Padlet as a digital tool that may be used in a writing class topique kids’ interest in learning English, especially in a writing class. Additionally, this study intends topromote the use of collaborative writing to make it simpler for elementary school pupils to use Padlets inwriting lessons. Through the use of qualitative research techniques, this study set out to learn more abouthow elementary school kids perceived using Padlets for group writing projects. A total of 52 elementaryschool kids in grades 4 and 5 participated in this study. We conducted semi-structured interviews toget data from participants. After the data has been collected, it will be processed using various contentanalysis techniques. Researchers received feedback from students who claimed that the usage of Padlets inEFL classes, particularly in collaborative writing, produced several themes. These themes include thatusing Padlet in collaborative writing can increase students’ self-confidence, that Padlet also helps studentsimprove their fluency in writing, and that Padlet is easy to use, has attractive features, and is simple tooperate.
The influence of the United Nations Human Rights System in China’s Death Penalty reforms
Authors:   University of Bremen & Constructor University, Germany, Machado Diogo ,   Email: diogo2000machado@gmail.com
Published: August 2023

Since 2007, China has advanced several reforms to restrict and control the application of the death penalty. This is rather puzzling if we consider China’s historical use of the capital punishment, as well as its widespread public support. This article contributes to the debate on the causes of these reforms by testing the relevance of the hypothesis that the United Nations Human Rights System (UNHRS) successfully socialised China into a more lenient understanding of the death penalty, which in turn would have prompted those reforms. The results partially confirm this hypothesis. There is strong evidence that the UNHRS might have socialised China into a particular aspect of these reforms — the cancellation of some economic and non-violent crimes —, but it was not responsible for triggering these reforms and it failed to socialise China into conducting a number of other specific death penalty reforms. Despite not being responsible for the totality of the reforms, this study affirmed the relevance of the possibility that the UNHRS influenced part of them, which raises the necessity of considering this factor to arrive at a comprehensive explanatory model. Keywords: China; death penalty; human rights; United Nations
O Eixo Russo-Sino-Paquistanês: A Evolução de um novo Eixo e os Efeitos do Conflito Russo-Ucraniano
Authors:   Instituto Superior de Ciências do Trabalho e da Empresa – Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal, Santos Tiago ,   Email: tdanielbs98@gmail.com
Published: August 2023

In recent years, Sino-Russian rapprochement and the recalibration of Russian-Pakistani relations have emerged as a result of Russia’s deteriorating relations with the West. If initially there were not many signs that the Russian-Sino-Pakistani axis could be a reality, mainly due to the Indo-Pakistani conflict and the Indo-Russian historical proximity, the truth is that the Russian-Ukrainian conflict proved, in its initial months, that what unites Russia, China and Pakistan is the fight against US hegemony in Asia and the creation of a multilateral global space where ideologically divided systems, such as NATO, do not influence international relations. Furthermore, in these aspects, the Sino-Russian union is extremely important as it represents a structural change in the international system and in the reconfiguration of the Asian axes of power. In this sense, the present article seeks to explore the dynamics of the possible axis and how it has evolved since the first contacts until the rekindling of the Russian-Ukrainian Conflict. Keywords: Russia; China; Pakistan; Russian-Ukrainian Conflict
Ảnh hưởng của văn hóa nơi làm việc đến trách nhiệm xã hội của nhân viên qua vai trò điều tiết bản sắc đạo đức: Nghiên cứu tại cơ sở giáo dục ứng dụng văn hóa truyền thống Đệ Tử Quy
Authors: Nguyễn Hồng Quân , Nguyễn Lê Ngọc Hà , Hoàng Linh Chi , Phan Thị Thanh Hậu , Đặng Thị Phương Hoa , Ngô Mỹ Bình Phương
Published: August 2023

Trách nhiệm xã hội là khía cạnh được các doanh nghiệp đặc biệt quan tâm để định hướng phát triển bền vững và hoàn thành các mục tiêu chiến lược dài hạn trong bối cảnh cạnh tranh ngày nay. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là xem xét những tác động của văn hóa nơi làm việc mang đặc trưng văn hóa truyền thống Đệ Tử Quy tác động đến trách nhiệm xã hội của nhân viên, với sự điều tiết của bản sắc đạo đức, dựa trên các lý thuyết về văn hóa tổ chức và trách nhiệm xã hội của tổ chức. Dữ liệu từ 421 nhân viên của hệ thống giáo dục ứng dụng văn hóa truyền thống được dùng làm nguồn dữ liệu của nghiên cứu. Kết quả thu được thể hiện rằng văn hóa nơi làm việc mang đặc trưng văn hóa truyền thống Đệ Tử Quy có tác động tích cực đến cả sự nhận thức và sự tham gia trách nhiệm xã hội của nhân viên, cùng với đó khẳng định vai trò điều tiết của bản sắc đạo đức. Từ đó, nhóm nghiên cứu đề xuất một số biện pháp nhằm lan tỏa văn hóa truyền thống Đệ Tử Quy đến các tổ chức khác.
TIBBİ SOSYAL HİZMET ALANINDA BİR GRUP ÇALIŞMASI TASARIMI: GÜVENLİK GÖREVLİLERİNDE ÖFKE KONTROLÜ
Authors: SÜTÇÜ Semih , DEMİREL Aykut Can
Published: August 2023

Sosyal hizmetin birey, aile ve grup ve toplum çalışmalarını yürüttüğü alanlardan birisi de tıbbi sosyal hizmet alanıdır. Tıbbi sosyal hizmet alanında görev yapan sosyal hizmet uzmanları, hasta ve hasta yakınlarına yönelik uygulama gerçekleştirdikleri gibi, hastanede çalışan personele yönelik de müdahale gerçekleştirmektedirler. Hastanelerde görev yapan güvenlik görevlilerinin, hastanede sorun yaşayan bireylerle daha fazla karşılaşma durumları söz konusu olması nedeniyle öfke kontrolüne ihtiyaç duydukları düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada hastanelerde öfke kontrolü konusunda bir farkındalık oluşturmak için güvenlik görevlileri özelinde bir sosyal hizmet grup çalışması tasarımı oluşturulması hedeflenmiştir. Grup çalışması tasarımı ile güvenlik görevlilerin öfke farkındalıklarının sağlanmasına katkı sunulması, öfke duygusunun olumsuz davranışlara dönüşmesinin önüne geçilmesi ve bu bağlamda davranış değiştirmeye yönelik oturumların tasarlanması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında tasarlanan grup tasarımı tıbbi sosyal hizmet alanında hem sosyal hizmet öğrencilerine hem de sahada aktif çalışan sosyal hizmet uzmanlarına ilham vermesi ve rehber olması açısından önemlidir. Çalışmada, grup hazırlık süreci, grubun oluşturulması, oturumların planlanması ve uygulamaya yönelik içeriklerle, grubun sonlandırılması aşamalarının plan ve tasarımına yer verilmiştir.
Multi-year coral recruitment study across the Florida Reef Tract reveals boom-or-bust pattern among broadcast spawners and consistency among brooders
Authors: Harper LM , Huebner LK , O’Cain ED , Ruzicka R , Gleason DF , Fogarty ND
Published: August 2023

Scleractinian coral populations are in global decline, and successful recruitment is fundamental to community persistence and recovery, but recruitment may vary by coral reproductive mode. Using settlement tiles, we assessed coral recruitment over 3 consecutive years across 4 regions (~300 km) of the Florida Reef Tract (FRT) to determine whether spatio-temporal variation differs between brooding and broadcast spawning corals and whether coral recruit distributions correlate with adult coral live tissue area, site temperature, or depth. We deployed 32 tiles to each of 30 sites with depths ranging from 2 to 18 m; tiles were retrieved and replaced annually. From 2016-2018, we counted 11633 scleractinian coral recruits, most of which belonged to the Siderastreidae, Agariciidae, Poritidae, and Faviidae families. Faviid recruits were rare (<1%). While recruitment of brooding agariciids and poritids was relatively stable across the 3 yr, recruitment of broadcast spawning siderastreids increased an unprecedented 70.7-fold from 2017 to 2018, in a boom that spanned 19 sites across the FRT. Elevated temperature during the preceding reproductive season was a significant predictor of low recruitment for all groups except siderastreids and faviids, and recruitment of brooding taxa was positively linked to adult confamilial live tissue area. For siderastreids, adult live tissue area was also related to recruitment, but the direction of the relationship differed by year and region. The unprecedented high recruitment of siderastreids in Florida, preceded by 2 yr of comparatively low recruitment, demonstrates that broadcast-spawning scleractinians are among the marine taxa capable of employing boom-and-bust recruitment cycles over geographically widespread areas.
PERTAMINA AND SAUDI ARAMCO JOINT VENTURE PROJECT OF REFINERY BUILDING IN INDONESIA AS INDONESIAN STRATEGY FOR ENERGY SECURITY
Authors: Putri Saraswati Dini , Nasrum Arnaldi
Published: August 2023

Indonesia’s demand for energy to maintain its industrial development has grown significantly. As a consequence, Jakarta needs new energy sources to support the shortage of diesel and gasoline as the main resources. Saudi Aramco has been a vital partner to fulfil the energy supply considering its source and production capacity. This paper will scrutinise the joint venture project between Indonesian oil company, Pertamina and Saudi Arabian oil company, Saudi Aramco as an Indonesian strategy to overcome its growing need for oil and pursue its energy security. This qualitative research will employ the concept of the International Joint Venture (IJV to examine the role of the government of Indonesia in the negotiation and Implementation process and the challenges in implementing the project.
PANDANGAN ISLAM LIBERAL TERHADAP HAK PEREMPUAN
Authors: Ummah Aniqotul , Mashutama Yunan Entol , Dendi Dendi , Milza M. Rizky
Published: August 2023

Ketimpangan gender masih menjadi isu yang besar dan sering dibicarakan oleh banyak orang. Gender sendiri merupakan konstruksi pemikiran masyarakat atas suatu jenis kelamin. Konstruksi pemikiran masyarakat tentang jenis kelamin cenderung membentuk pemikiran patriarkis, yaitu pemikiran yang menempatkan posisi dan kekuasaan laki-laki lebih besar daripada perempuan. Kecenderungan persepsi masyarakat tentang gender ini dipengaruhi oleh berbagai factor, seperti budaya, adat-istiadat dan agama. Pemikiran agama Islam yang dianut sebagian besar masyarakat di Indonesia, mempengaruhi persepsi masyarakat tentang gender. Pengaruh pemikiran Islam seringkali membentuk pemikiran yang cenderung bersifat patriarkis di kepala pemeluknya. Banyak pemeluk agama Islam menerima ajaran Islam secara tidak utuh, sehingga membentuk pemikiran yang melemahkan hak perempuan. Islam Liberal yang mengadopsi pemikiran liberal untuk dimasukan ke dalam ajaran Islam, tidak setuju dengan tafsir mentah yang dipercaya oleh masyarakat tentang gender. Pengaruh liberal membuat pemikiran Islam Liberal lebih memperhatikan tentang masalah patriarki dan hak perempuan. Islam Liberal mendukung untuk adanya kesetaraan gender di masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, guna membentuk penelitian yang mendalam dan komprehensif tentang pandangan Islam Liberal terhadap hak perempuan. Pengumpulan data untuk penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi Pustaka
Undervisning kan rusta elever för att hantera sin klimatoro
Authors: Lunde Torodd
Published: August 2023

Elever kan använda olika strategier för att hantera negativa känslor som väcks av klimatfrågor. Vilken strategi en elev använder kan ge olika följder både för hur eleven tar emot klimatundervisningen och för framtida miljöengagemang. En forskningsartikel presenterar en undervisningsstrategi för att bemöta elevers klimatoro konstruktivt genom att främja kritisk känslokompetens.
Lp-Sampling recovery for non-compact subclasses of L∞
Authors: Byrenheid Glenn , Stasyuk Serhii , Ullrich Tino
Published: August 2023

In this article, we study the sampling recovery problem for certain relevant multivariate function classes on the cube [0, 1]d, which are not compactly embedded into L∞([0,1]d). Recent tools relating the sampling widths to the Kolmogorov or best m-term trigonometric widths in the uniform norm are therefore not applicable. In a sense, we continue the research on the small smoothness problem by considering limiting smoothness in the context of Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces with dominating mixed regularity such that the sampling recovery problem is still relevant. There is not much information available on the recovery of such functions except for a previous result by Oswald in the univariate case and Dinh Dũng in the multivariate case. As a first step, we prove the uniform boundedness of the ℓp-norm of the Faber coefficients at a fixed level by Fourier analytic means. Using this, we can control the error made by a (Smolyak) truncated Faber series in Lq([0,1]d) with q <∞. It turns out that the main rate of convergence is sharp. Thus, we obtain results also for S1,∞1F([0,1]d), a space “close” to S11W([0,1]d), which is important in numerical analysis, especially numerical integration, but has rather poor Fourier analytical properties.
Detyrosinated microtubule arrays drive myofibrillar malformations in mdx muscle fibers
Authors: Harriot Anicca D. , Altair Morris Tessa , Vanegas Camilo , Kallenbach Jacob , Pinto Kaylie , Joca Humberto C. , Moutin Marie-Jo , Shi Guoli , Ursitti Jeanine A. , Grosberg Anna , Ward Christopher W.
Published: August 2023

Altered myofibrillar structure is a consequence of dystrophic pathology that impairs skeletal muscle contractile function and increases susceptibility to contraction injury. In murine Duchenne muscular dystrophy (mdx), myofibrillar alterations are abundant in advanced pathology (>4 months), an age where we formerly established densified microtubule (MT) arrays enriched in detyrosinated (deTyr) tubulin as negative disease modifiers impacting cell mechanics and mechanotransduction. Given the essential role of deTyr-enriched MT arrays in myofibrillar growth, maintenance, and repair, we examined the increased abundance of these arrays as a potential mechanism for these myofibrillar alterations. Here we find an increase in deTyr-tubulin as an early event in dystrophic pathology (4 weeks) with no evidence myofibrillar alterations. At 16 weeks, we show deTyr-enriched MT arrays significantly densified and co-localized to areas of myofibrillar malformation. Profiling the enzyme complexes responsible for deTyr-tubulin, we identify vasohibin 2 (VASH2) and small vasohibin binding protein (SVBP) significantly elevated in the mdx muscle at 4 weeks. Using the genetic increase in VASH2/SVBP expression in 4 weeks wild-type mice we find densified deTyr-enriched MT arrays that co-segregate with myofibrillar malformations similar to those in the 16 weeks mdx. Given that no changes in sarcomere organization were identified in fibers expressing sfGFP as a control, we conclude that disease-dependent densification of deTyr-enriched MT arrays underscores the altered myofibrillar structure in dystrophic skeletal muscle fibers.
Melatonin, a natural antioxidant therapy in spinal cord injury
Authors: Xie Lei , Wu Hang , Huang Xiaohong , Yu Tengbo
Published: August 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a sudden onset of disruption to the spinal neural tissue, leading to loss of motor control and sensory function of the body. Oxidative stress is considered a hallmark in SCI followed by a series of events, including inflammation and cellular apoptosis. Melatonin was originally discovered as a hormone produced by the pineal gland. The subcellular localization of melatonin has been identified in mitochondria, exhibiting specific onsite protection to excess mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and working as an antioxidant in diseases. The recent discovery regarding the molecular basis of ligand selectivity for melatonin receptors and the constant efforts on finding synthetic melatonin alternatives have drawn researchers’ attention back to melatonin. This review outlines the application of melatonin in SCI, including 1) the relationship between the melatonin rhythm and SCI in clinic; 2) the neuroprotective role of melatonin in experimental traumatic and ischemia/reperfusion SCI, i.e., exhibiting anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects, facilitating the integrity of the blood–spinal cord barrier, ameliorating edema, preventing neural death, reducing scar formation, and promoting axon regeneration and neuroplasticity; 3) protecting gut microbiota and peripheral organs; 4) synergizing with drugs, rehabilitation training, stem cell therapy, and biomedical material engineering; and 5) the potential side effects. This comprehensive review provides new insights on melatonin as a natural antioxidant therapy in facilitating rehabilitation in SCI.
Current state-of-the-art and potential future therapeutic drugs against COVID-19
Authors: Sha Ailong , Liu Yi , Hao Haiyan
Published: August 2023

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to endanger human health, and its therapeutic drugs are under intensive research and development. Identifying the efficacy and toxicity of drugs in animal models is helpful for further screening of effective medications, which is also a prerequisite for drugs to enter clinical trials. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) invades host cells mainly by the S protein on its surface. After the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome is injected into the cells, M protein will help assemble and release new viruses. RdRp is crucial for virus replication, assembly, and release of new virus particles. This review analyzes and discusses 26 anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs based on their mechanism of action, effectiveness and safety in different animal models. We propose five drugs to be the most promising to enter the next stage of clinical trial research, thus providing a reference for future drug development.
Organoids as complex (bio)systems
Authors: Fernandes Tiago G.
Published: August 2023

Organoids are three-dimensional structures derived from stem cells that mimic the organization and function of specific organs, making them valuable tools for studying complex systems in biology. This paper explores the application of complex systems theory to understand and characterize organoids as exemplars of intricate biological systems. By identifying and analyzing common design principles observed across diverse natural, technological, and social complex systems, we can gain insights into the underlying mechanisms governing organoid behavior and function. This review outlines general design principles found in complex systems and demonstrates how these principles manifest within organoids. By acknowledging organoids as representations of complex systems, we can illuminate our understanding of their normal physiological behavior and gain valuable insights into the alterations that can lead to disease. Therefore, incorporating complex systems theory into the study of organoids may foster novel perspectives in biology and pave the way for new avenues of research and therapeutic interventions to improve human health and wellbeing.
A ternary eutectic solvent for cellulose nanocrystal production: exploring the recyclability and pre-pilot scale-up
Authors: Mariño Mayra A. , Paredes Maria G. , Martinez Natalia , Millan Daniela , Tapia Ricardo A. , Ruiz Domingo , Isaacs Mauricio , Pavez Paulina
Published: August 2023

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) formed using choline chloride (ChCl), p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA) of stoichiometry ChCl: pTSA (1:1) and (1:2), and its ternary eutectic mixtures with phosphoric acid (PA) 85% as an additive (ChCl: pTSA: PA) were evaluated for cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) isolation. Initially, the hydrolytic efficiency to produce CNC of each DES was compared before and after adding phosphoric acid by Hammett acidity parameters and the Gutmann acceptor number. Moreover, different DES molar ratios and reaction time were studied at 80°C for CNC optimization. The nanomaterial characteristics were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The ternary eutectic mixture ChCl: pTSA: PA molar ratio (1:1:1.35) was chosen as a suitable recyclable ternary system at the laboratory scale. A CNC yield of about 80% was obtained from the hydrolysis of commercial cellulose in five cycles of recovery, but it dropped to 35% in pre-pilot scaling. However, no variation in the average size of the resulting CNC was observed (132 ± 50 nm x 23 ± 4 nm), which presented high thermal stability (Tmax 362°C) and high crystallinity of about 80% after 3 h of reaction time.
VR content and its prosocial impact: predictors, moderators, and mediators of media effects. A systematic literature review
Authors: Martínez-Cano Francisco-Julián , Lachman Richard , Canet Fernando
Published: August 2023

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the prosocial impact of virtual reality (VR) audiovisual content based on a systematic literature review of empirical research on immersive VR media's potential to elicit prosocial behaviors. The illusion of place, verisimilitude, and virtual corporeality are the main elements that underpin the creation of immersive experiences that can turn the user into an active subject of the narrative, engaging with the audiovisual content and feeling the emotions it elicits. A virtual reality system that can offer these three elements provides the means to transform not only the user's sensation of space and reality, but even the users themselves. The question this paper seeks to answer is whether audiovisual VR content can influence an individual's thoughts and feelings about otherness, thereby eliciting prosocial behaviors rooted in a sense of social justice, equality and fairness. To this end, it presents a systematic literature review in accordance with the guidelines of the PRISMA statement, applying a self-deductive coding system based on the Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model. The review identifies trends in research on the prosocial potential of VR content, among which perspective taking stands out as one of the most common strategies. In addition, predictors, moderators, mediators, effects, and their correlations are identified in the research reviewed.
Supplementing aerial drone surveys with biotelemetry data validates wildlife detection probabilities
Authors: Hvala Aliesha , Rogers Rebecca M. , Alazab Mamoun , Campbell Hamish A.
Published: August 2023

Aerial drone systems are now widely used to survey wildlife, but validation in the detectability of individuals is rarely assessed. This knowledge gap is critical, given the influence of local environments on wildlife detectability from the air. In this study, we integrated Animal Biotelemetry technology with aerial drones to evaluate the temporal and environmental factors influencing animal detection probability and subsequent population estimates. Wild-caught feral pigs (Sus scrofa) were fitted with GPS tracking collars and releasing them into a large natural habitat enclosure in northern Australia. Utilizing a fixed-wing drone equipped with a dual camera (thermal infrared and RGB), we conducted multiple flights over the study area during both wet and dry seasons, from sunrise to sunset. The study found that the probability that a pig was visible in aerial imagery was highly variable depending on the timing of the aerial survey. Detection probability was at its lowest during mid-afternoon (5 to 20%), while the early evening yielded the highest detection probability (50 to 75%). We observed seasonal differences, with detection probabilities exceeding 50% in the mornings of the wet season, in contrast to less than 30% during the dry season. Temporal trends in detection probability were similar in both thermal infrared and RGB imagery. The GPS location data enabled us to assess how localized factors (canopy cover, land cover, ambient temperature) altered animal detection probability. This information facilitated the identification of survey times to maximize feral pig detection and the development of a correction factor to account for non-detected individuals at specific times and locations. The study demonstrates the value of integrating Animal Biotelemetry technology and aerial drones to account for variations in detection probability when undertaking wildlife aerial surveys. Insights gained from this approach have implications for enhancing the accuracy of population assessments and contributing to more effective wildlife management and conservation.
An omni-channel, outcomes-focused approach to scale digital health interventions in resource-limited populations: a case study
Authors: Hazra-Ganju Aditi , Dlima Schenelle Dayna , Menezes Sonia Rebecca , Ganju Aakash , Mer Anjali
Published: August 2023

Populations in resource-limited communities have low health awareness, low financial literacy levels, and inadequate access to primary healthcare, leading to low adoption of preventive health behaviours, low healthcare-seeking behaviours, and poor health outcomes. Healthcare providers have limited reach and insights, limiting their ability to design relevant products for resource limited settings. Our primary preventive health intervention, called the Saathealth family health interventions, is a scaled digital offering that aims to improve knowledge levels on various health topics, nudge positive behaviour changes, and drive improved health outcomes. This case study presents our learnings and best practices in scaling these digital health interventions in resource-limited settings and maximising their impact. We scaled the Saathealth interventions to cumulatively reach >10 million users across India using a multi-pronged approach: (1) ensuring localization and cultural relevance of the health content delivered through user research; (2) disseminating content using omni-channel approaches, which involved using diverse content types and multiple digital platforms; (3) using iterative product features such as gamification and artificial intelligence-based (AI-based) predictive models; (4) using real-time analytics to adapt the user's digital experience by using interactive content to drive them towards products and services and (5) experiments with sustainability models to yield some early successes. The Saathealth family health mobile app had >25,000 downloads and the intervention reached >873,000 users in India every month through the mobile app, Facebook, and Instagram combined, from the time period of February 2022 to January 2023. We repeatedly observed videos and quizzes to be the most popular content types across all digital channels being used. Our AI-based predictive models helped improve user retention and content consumption, contributing to the sustainability of the mobile apps. In addition to reaching a high number of users across India, our scaling strategies contributed to deepened engagement and improved health-seeking behaviour. We hope these strategies help guide the sustainable and impactful scaling of mobile health interventions in other resource-limited settings.
Formal education vs. informal education in the Roma community—a silent confrontation where nobody wins
Authors: Herțanu Margareta , Soponaru Camelia , Păduraru Ancuța E.
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Our main aim was to identify the advantages and disadvantages that the Roma relate to formal education vs. informal education, a discrepancy in the balance between the two can enrich the explanations regarding their low level of schooling—which hinders their social inclusion.

Method

There were 28 participants of Roma ethnicity, aged between 19 and 52 years old, who took part in the study: 15 were married, 13 were single, all of them school graduates. The design of the study is a qualitative one and the data was collected by means of three focus groups, based on a semi-structured interview. The data was analysed by using the method of content analysis.

Results

In addition to the disadvantages related to institutional and economic factors, the Roma encounter in schools that belong to the cultural majority difficulties related to language and a lack of elements belonging to their culture. While they get used to the culture of the majority, they feel that they lose their own identity and that they are silently excluded from their community.

Conclusion

Formal education is seen as a way of personal development and as a path to an advantageous job, a door of access to the majority culture. However, informal education seems to win all the time, as a result of the family sovereignty and the fact that it is the central factor in the transmission and preservation of the Roma culture.
Influencing of serum inflammatory factors on IVF/ICSI outcomes among PCOS patients with different BMI
Authors: He Yilei , Li Rong , Yin Jingwen , Yang Zi , Wang Yuanyuan , Chen Lixue , Yang Shuo , Qiao Jie
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Overweight and obese are important factors leading to the occurrence of long-term complications in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). There has been controversy over whether dissatisfaction with pregnancy outcomes in PCOS patients is influenced by chronic inflammatory status or obesity. This retrospective study analyzed the levels of inflammatory factors in PCOS patients with different body mass index (BMI) groups and effective predictors of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) pregnancy outcomes.

Methods

There were 273 women with PCOS diagnosed who completed serum inflammatory factors test between January 2017 and June 2022 were selected. The data of 7,649 infertility PCOS patients who received their first IVF/ICSI treatment in the Reproductive Center of Peking University Third Hospital during the period of the study were collected. Finally, 92 PCOS patients were included in the high BMI group, while 97 patients were included in the normal BMI group. Baseline characteristics were collected and the pregnancy outcomes were compared among the two groups. Then, serum inflammatory factors’ effect on IVF/ICSI pregnancy outcomes were analyzed with age, anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) and BMI adjusted.

Results

PCOS patients in the high BMI group significantly had a lower number of oocytes retrieved and good quality embryos. The high BMI group PCOS patients had higher levels of IL-6 and lower cumulative clinical pregnancy and live birth rates. The level of GM-CSF was higher in the first cycle transfer and cumulative miscarriage group. High TNF-α was negatively correlated with the first transfer cycle and cumulative clinical pregnancy rates after age, AMH and high BMI adjusted. In addition, the cumulative live birth rate was negatively correlated with high IL-6, but the first cycle transfer and cumulative live birth rates were positively correlated with high IL-1β.

Discussion

For PCOS patients, in addition to BMI, attention should also be paid to inflammatory indicators. High levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were negatively correlated with pregnancy outcomes, but high IL-1β was positively correlated with live birth rates among PCOS patients. The level of GM-CSF was higher in miscarriage PCOS patients.
Retinal vein changes in patients with high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated with conbercept and panretinal photocoagulation co-therapy: a cohort study
Authors: Si Mingwei , Tao Yuan , Zhang Ziniu , Zhao Hui , Cui Wenxuan , Yang Mengyao , Wang Hong
Published: August 2023

Objective

This study aimed to observe and compare retinal vein diameter changes and other essential indicators in patients with high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) treated with intravitreal injection of conbercept (IVC) combined with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) versus PRP monotherapy.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from patients with high-risk PDR who received specific treatment and were followed up for 24 months. Among 82 patients with high-risk PDR, 50 eyes received PRP combined with IVC, whereas 32 eyes received PRP alone. During the 24-month follow-up period, changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central foveal thickness (CFT), retinal vein diameter, number of microaneurysms (MA), neovascularization (NV) area, hard exudate (HE) area, size of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), superficial capillary plexus (SCP) blood flow density, and adverse effects were recorded and compared between the two groups at baseline and at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after treatment. The relationship between each observation index and vein diameter was also analyzed.

Results

During the 24-month follow up, significant improvements in the BCVA, CFT, retinal vein diameter, number of MAs, NV area, HE area, FAZ, and SCP were observed in the IVC+PRP group after treatment. The PRP group only showed significant reductions in NV and HE areas. The IVC+PRP group showed significant superiority over the PRP group in improving the vein diameter, number of MA, and HE area. However, no statistically significant difference in NV area reduction was found between the groups.

Conclusion

In the treatment of high-risk PDR, IVC+PRP therapy has a significant advantage over PRP monotherapy. IVC+PRP therapy may reverse diabetes-induced retinal vein changes, restoring morphology and function.
The role of serum vitamin D in patients with normal ovarian reserve undergoing the first IVF/ICSI cycle
Authors: Luo Rong , Wang Jiahui , Yang Yu , Xu Cen , Yang Minyan , Zhu Dandan , Wang Jia , Zhang Ping , Ge Hongshan
Published: August 2023

Background

The debate over the impact of vitamin D in assisted reproduction continues. The purpose of our study was to assess embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes among groups with different levels of vitamin D after the first in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle in patients with normal ovarian reserve (NOR).

Methods

Patients in this retrospective cohort study were divided into three groups: severe vitamin D deficiency group (25OH-D < 10 ng/ml), vitamin D deficiency group (10 ng/ml ≤ 25OH-D < 20 ng/ml), and non-vitamin D deficiency group (25OH-D ≥ 20 ng/ml). The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy, while the secondary outcomes were mature oocytes, oocyte fertilization, available cleavage embryos, available blastocysts, biochemical pregnancy, early abortion, and embryo implantation. A modified Poisson regression model and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted for the multivariate analysis.

Results

264 NOR patients undergoing the first IVF/ICSI cycles were included. For the primary outcome, there was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy between the severe vitamin D deficiency group and the other two groups (vitamin D deficiency group: adjusted RR = 1.026; 0.780 - 1.350; P = 0.854; non-vitamin D deficiency group: adjusted RR = 1.092; 0.743 - 1.605; P = 0.652). For all secondary outcomes, no significant differences were observed among the severe vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D deficiency, and non-vitamin D deficiency groups (P > 0.05). Exploratory subgroup analyses concerning the season of embryo transfer, phase of embryo transferred, and endometrial thickness, as well as the sensitivity analysis using logistic regression models for the primary outcome, revealed comparable clinical pregnancy rates among the groups (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis concerning ovarian stimulation protocol indicated that in the subgroup of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol, the clinical pregnancy rate of the non-vitamin D deficiency group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Serum vitamin D level was not associated with embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes for patients with NOR. Further studies with greater sample sizes and a longer follow-up period are needed to elucidate the relationships between vitamin D levels and IVF outcomes.
Five-phase induction motor drive-A comprehensive review
Authors: Kulandaivel Gobikannan , Sundaram Elango , Gunasekaran Manavaalan , Chenniappan Sharmeela
Published: August 2023

Modern Electrical Vehicles (EV) and Electric Traction rely heavily on electrical drives. Every day, electric vehicles are being improved and expanded to include commercial vehicles such as passenger vehicles, goods delivery vehicles, and agricultural vehicles. Today, researchers are concentrating on multi-phase electrical drives to improve EV technology. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the Five-Phase Induction Motor (FPIM) drive. The proposed study investigates the FPIM drive in terms of mathematical modeling and design, the different topologies of a Five-Phase Voltage Source Inverter (FPVSI) (Two-Level, Multi-Level, Matrix), the methodologies utilised to generate the pulse for FPVSI (Carrier-Based Pulse Width Modulation (CBPWM), Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM)), and the control of FPIM. This study evaluates the many strategies available in the literature for controlling the FPIM in order to assist researchers and industrial Research and Development (R&D) engineers in selecting the most suitable tool for their applications.