bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation and Parameter Optimization of the Crank-Slider Pumping Unit Based on ADAMS Virtual Prototyping Technology
Authors: Ren Tao , Liao Dong Sheng , Qu Wen Tao , Sun Wen
Published: March 2013

Crank-slider type cluster wells pumping unit is a new generation of energy efficient pumping unit whose structure is simple and it is safe to use. Crank torque is one of the key factors affecting the efficiency and efficiency of the pumping unit, which is closely related to its structural parameters. Using ADAMS mechanical system dynamics simulation software to build a virtual prototype of the slider-crank cluster wells pumping unit, taking which as a basis, carried out virtual test aiming to the length of the crank and connecting rod, which was two factors affecting the crank torque. The result of the study has a guiding significance to the structural design and optimization of slider-crank cluster wells pumping unit.
Optimization of Excavation Method in Portal Section of Neighborhood Tunnel Based on the Monitoring Results
Authors: Shen Jun Min , Su Zhong Ming , Xue Xiao Hui
Published: March 2013

Based on the excavation of portal section in Linwu neighborhood tunnel, items of the blasting vibration, vault settlement and level convergence are measured in the field construction. And according to the actual exposed surrounding rock, the finite element analytical model is established. The results of monitoring measurement and numerical analysis indicate that, under the circumstances of advance large pipe-shed roof support and varied surrounding rock, the original excavation method is not reasonable, still existing the optimization space. The construction of changed step method is feasible, which reflects the requirement of dynamic design and construction in New Austrian Tunneling Method.
Dielectric Behaviour of Nanocrystalline Ni-Zn Ferrites Prepared by Oxalate Co-Precipitation Method
Authors: Tukaram Shinde J. , Ashok Gadkari B. , Pramod Vasambekar N.
Published: March 2013

Nickel–zinc ferrites with chemical formula Ni1-xZnxFe2O4 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) were prepared by oxalate co-precipitation method. The dielectric constant (ε') dielectric loss (tanδ) and AC conductivity (σac) of all the samples were determined at room temperature in the frequency range 20Hz -1MHz. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss are much smaller than those for samples prepared by ceramic method. The dielectric behaviour is attributed to the Maxwell–Wagner type interfacial polarization. AC conductivity of all the samples lies in the range 1.20×10-8 to 54.7×10-8 Ω-1cm-1. Low dielectric loss and high resistivity suggest the suitability of these ferrites for high frequency applications.
Friction and Adhesion Properties of OTS Film on Rough Surfaces
Authors: Horng Jeng Haur , Chern Shin Yuh , Su Cong Ren , Wang Bo Sheng
Published: March 2013

Micromachine service life is often shortened by excessive adhesion and friction forces arising during fabrication or operation. SiC film is a possible choice for MEMS surfaces because of its favorable friction and wear properties. In this study, biocompatibility SAMs film (OTS), in advance, was used to decrease the adhesion force and extend the lifetime of MEMS devices for the different SiC topography. Experimental results show that OTS can increase the contact angle of SiC surfaces for the different roughness values and roughness directions. Small roughness value of OTS surfaces has a smaller friction coefficient than that of large roughness value surfaces.
Fracture Toughness and Magnetic Properties of Sm2Co17-Based Magnets
Authors: Li Ai Kun , Li Li Ya , Peng Yuan Dong , Yi Jian Hong
Published: March 2013

We present our findings of increased fracture toughness in high performance Sm2Co17-type magnet. The new Sm(Co 0.65 Fe 0.24 Cu 0.08 Zr 0.03)7.6magnet exhibits remanence of 11.13 kGs, maximum energy of 30.2 MGOe. This magnet shows not only a superhigh fracture toughness of 5.56 MPa m 1/2 but also distinguished yielding combined with an enhanced plastic plateau of 30 % to failure. It has been found that debonding, crack deflection, crac k branching and bridging are the major toughening mechanisms for the observed high toughness and long yield plateau. Long and straight screw dislocations observed in Sm rich precipitates accelerate the debonding of Sm rich grains.
WG/EP to Performance of Waste Gypsum Foamed Concrete
Authors: Gong Du Ming , Liu Qi Cheng , Dai Zhu Duan , Chen Ling , Li Bian Hua , Xiong Zi Jia
Published: March 2013

In this paper, The performance of Environmental protection waste plaster foamed concrete was investigated, and the strength, dry density and bibulous rate are analyzed. Influence of WG/EP(dosage ratio of waste gypsum and expanded perlite) in 1/10~6/5 range on performance of Environmental protection waste plaster foamed concrete was discussed. As the results showed, the compressive strength rises with the increase of WG/EP, and the 3d~28d compressive strength growth rate() reduces; The flexural strength increases relatively greatly with WG/EP in 3/8~4/7 range, The dry density rises with the increase of WG/EP, and the bibulous rate decreases.
Direct Torque Control Using Fuzzy and Neural as Switching Vector Selector for Doubly Fed IM
Authors: Hamidia Fethia , Larabi Abdelakader , Boucherit Mohamed Seghir
Published: March 2013

The conventional Direct Torque Control approach has some drawbacks such as high torque ripple and switching frequency, which is varying with speed, load torque and the selected hysteresis bands, this paper discuss the application of neural network and fuzzy logic on DTC of Doubly fed induction motor DFIM, the proposed techniques having the advantages of low torque and flux ripples. Simulation results emphasize the good performance of the fuzzy and neural techniques.
Microwave Absorbing Properties of Polymer Composites Containing High-Permeability Magnetic Flake Particles in Quasi-Microwave Frequency Band
Authors: Kim Sung Soo
Published: March 2013

This study investigates high-frequency magnetic, dielectric, and microwave absorbing properties of Sendust (Fe-Si-Al alloy) flake particles dispersed in rubber matrix for the design of thin microwave absorbers in quasi-microwave frequency band. At high particle loading (92% in weight) in the magnetic composite, reflection loss of -9 dB was obtained at 2 GHz with a small thickness of 1 mm. The result is attributed to the high values of magnetic permeability and dielectric constant of the composites resulting from a low eddy current loss (increase of permeability) of the flake particles and enhancement of space charge polarization (increase of permittivity) between the metallic particles. However, the investigation of impedance matching reveals that the magnetic permeability is still small to satisfy the zero-reflected condition at the quasi-microwave frequency band of 1-2 GHz with a composite thickness smaller than 1 mm. It is suggested that greater magnetic permeability (by control of composition and shape of magnetic particles) is required for more improved microwave absorbance at a quasi-microwave frequency.
The Application of Machine Vision in Automatic Assembly of Locks
Authors: Liu Qing Min , Gu Cheng Zhang , Liu Zhi Kui , Zhao Ling
Published: March 2013

In the automatic assembly of locks system the pins’ selection depends on depth of key’s groove. Although the kinds of groove’s depth are fixed, the arrangements are random and they can’t be unpredictable. The difference in depth of key’s groove is very small, so it can’t be judged by eyes accurately. To solve the problem that the pins assembly is tried frequently, the depth of keys’ groove can be measured accurately by the machine vision. So the problem of the serious influence production efficiency is solved successfully. This kind lock is widely used and machine’s cost is very low by allocation. The experiments show that this method fully met the locks automatic assembly system requirements from the assembly precision, real time performance and robustness and other aspects, solving the problems encountered in the lock assembly.
A 8-Bit DAC Design in AMS 0.35 μm CMOS Process for High-Speed Communication Systems
Authors: Kristianti Veronica Ernita , Afandi Hamzah , Wibowo Eri Prasetyo , Purnomo Djoko
Published: March 2013

DAC architecture that is designed in this research can be applied in high-speed communication systems. DAC architecture that is presented in this research is based on the R2R ladder method. The design requires three main components, namely switches, resistors, and op-amp. This method has been applied to the 8-bit DAC for high-speed communication system using AMS technology 0.35 μm CMOS process. Resistors that are used in R2R DAC is replaced by transistors, so that the size is smaller and easier layout in the manufacturing process. Mentor graphics software is used as a simulator of the design. DAC design with 8-bit resolution in this research can be applied to the speed up to 1000 Msps. In the way the design can be categorized as high-speed DAC that can be used in a communication system.
A Comparison Study of Three of Input Buffer Designed Using 0.35µm CMOS Technology
Authors: Kisriani Shinta , Wibowo Eri Prasetyo , Soerowirdjo Busono , Afandi Hamzah , Kristianti Veronica Ernita
Published: March 2013

In memory device that is contained in the digital application, there is a sequence of input buffer.The input buffer’s function is to improve a digital signal and remove noise. The buffer circuit take these input signal with imperfections and convert them in to full digital logic levels by slicing the signals at correct levels which depends upon the switching point voltage. In this paper,using three topologies, that are NMOS, PMOS and Parallel input buffer. It would be present into design, simulation and analysis of all topologies input buffer. The result in this paper to determine the best of the three topologies to used. The delay time used to determine the best of topologies. Mentor graphic is tools which used in this paper to design and simulation. The technology used in this paper is 0.35 µm CMOS Technology. Analysis of comparison all of topologies used in this paper based on six parameters. The result of comparison analysis can be seen in more details in this explanation.
The Synthesis and Bioactivities of 2-Hydroxyethyl Benzo[d] Isothiazole-3(2H)-One Marine Antifouling Paints
Authors: Yang Jian Xin , You Cheng Hang , Wang Xiang Hui , Lin Qiang
Published: March 2013

Twenty-one novel compounds were synthesized from the benzo[d]isothiazole-3(2H)-one and aromatic acid, the structures were identified by means of 1H NMR, IR, EA. The intro antibacterial experiment was carried out to evaluate the activities against antibacterial and the marine hanging plate experiment was also carried out to evaluate the activities against marine fouling organism. The results showed that all the compounds were active against the six bacterials, with an inhibiting rate of 90% at the concentration of 32 µg/ml against Gram-positive bacterials, and the antifouling paints couldn’t be attached by marine fouling organisms in the marine environment for more than 3 months.
Preparation and Curing Behaviour of N-Phenylmaleimide-Styrene-Maleic Anhydride Copolymer/o-Cresol Formaldehyde Epoxy Resin Composite System
Authors: Xu Meng Yi , Zhou Liang , Yin Mei Juan , Kong Ai Qiong
Published: March 2013

Epoxy resin was used as the dielectric ink with some undesirable properties, such as a high dielectric constant, high dissipation factor and low thermal stability, In this paper, a NSMA/OCFEP.system were prepared, and the properties and curing behavior of the NSMA/ OCFEP system were intensively studied. Theoretical analysisi on the curing process of the system showed that when the weight ratio is 2.0:1.0, the best thermal stability is achieved.
Distribution Time of Gold Nanoparticles Pass through the Solid State Nanopore in Deionized Water
Authors: Liu Li Ping , Wu Hong Wen , Liu Hang , Kong Jing Lin , Liu Quan Jun
Published: March 2013

Nanopore has the proming to be used as the detection senser for the single molecule at single molecular level or the nanoparticles in different meterials. The diameters of the nanopores can be changed in a large rang with the increasing fabrication technology. For this case, the nanopore could be used as particles‘ sizes senser. We used 15nm gold nanoparticles as exsamples to analyze the effects of nanopore/nanoparticle ratio in deionized water. In the detection experiments, we found that the gold nanoparticles would pass through the nanopore in different behaves. Besides, the diameters of the nanopores might effect the precision accuracy of the translocation events. In view of the former results, we notice that on the basis of nanopore detection technique, nanoparticles translocation share many similarities with DNA.
Effects of Alloy Elements (Mo, Al, and B) Addition on the Damping Property of Ti-25Nb-1.5O Alloys
Authors: Qin Feng Ming , Yu Li Ming
Published: March 2013

The influence of addition elements Mo, Al and B on the Snoek damping behaviors of Ti-25Nb-1.5O were investigated, the alloys were prepared in a vacuum induction electric arc furnace. By means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and dynamic mechanics analyzer, it was found that Mo or Al element addition is unfavorable for the damping properties of the alloys, but Mo element addition improved the dynamic storage modulus. A few B elements addition can improve the damping capacity and the damping stability after the thermal cycle simultaneously. In addition, a large number of B elements additions can dramatically improve the dynamic storage modulus.
Hybrids of Graphenes and Silver Nanoparticles Prepared by In Situ Process Employing Microwaveirradiation
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Huong , Lee Dai Soo
Published: March 2013

Fine dispersion of graphenes is crucial for the application of graphenein various fields. However, graphenes are frequently aggregated due to the large surface area and van der Waals interactions between themselves during the mixing process. Thus, various modifications of graphenes are necessary for the fine dispersion. Introduction of functional groups into graphenes accompanies loss of inherent advantages. In this study, introduction of silver nanoparticles into graphenes by in situ process was investigated. Especially, microwave irradiation was employed for the syntheses sincegraphenes absorb microwave efficiently and became heated quickly. Formation of silver nanoparticles on the grapheneafter microwave irradiation was confirmed and the average diameter of the silver nanoparticles in the hybrids was about 30 nm. Rheological and electrical properties of the epoxy resins filled with the hybrids are discussed in this report.
Experimental Study of the Biochemistry Method for Enhancing Oil Recovery in the Oil Reservoir after Polymer Flooding
Authors: She Yue Hui , Zhang Fan , Liang Bo Xun , Wang Zheng Liang , Yu Long Jiang
Published: March 2013

A delayed cross linked gel profile control agent is used to plug high permeable formations. Also, well nutrient fluid and microbes are injected with 50% of the heavy residual oil, after polymer flooding, in order to improve oil recovery due to the complex environment of oil reservoirs. Four strains of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria are selected from oilfield produced water with a high efficiency. Two of the four strains, namely BISYX17 and BISYX14, are new. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria have high growth activity and they are able to reach a maximum stain concentration after being cultured 4 to 8 days, using phenanthrene as their sole carbon source. They are able to effectively degrade heavy hydrocarbon with a phenanthrene degradation rate of up to 80％, after the sample is cultured for seven days. Strain BISYX7 has the strongest phenanthrene -degrading ability, with a maximum degradation percentage of 89.89％. The strains are capable of producing dioxygenase to open rings of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. The dioxygenase activity, produced by BISYX17, is able to reach 40.2 IU/mg, which is higher than the enzyme activities of a wild strain. This shows the strain has excellent potential to produce enzymes. Enzymes, produced by metabolism, have a direct degradation rate of 68% on crude oil. A core displacement simulation experiment indicates a profile control oil-displacing system is able to improve crude oil recovery efficiency by 17%, after polymer flooding. Thus, the system has excellent application potential for residual oil recovery.
A Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering Method for Trace Cystine Using 4-Mercaptopyridine-Aggregated-Nanosilver as Probe
Authors: Wei Yan Yan , Li Fang , Liang Ai Hui , Jiang Zhi Liang
Published: March 2013

A stable nanosilver solution was prepared, using PEG10000 as stabilizer and NaBH4 as reducer. In pH 6.6 Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer solution containing PEG10000 and NaCl, nanosilvers were aggregated to form the stable aggregated-nanosilvers (ANS) that could conjugate with 4-mercaptopyridine (MP) to produce an ANS-MP surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) probe, which exhibited a strong SERS peak at 1097 cm-1. When cystine (Cy) concentration increased, the SERS intensity at 1097 cm-1 decreased linearly. In the optimal condition, the decreased SERRS intensity was linear to Cy concentration in the range of 5.0×10-9-1.4×10-7 mol/L, with a detection limit of 2.0×10-9 mol/L Cy.
DLC Coated Textile Vascular Prostheses Tested in Sheep
Authors: Jelínek Miroslav , Podlaha Jiří , Kocourek Tomáš
Published: March 2013

Textile vascular prostheses ARTECOR were coated by laser with amorphous diamond-like carbon layers (DLC) with thickness up to 200 nm. Layers were created in 0.25 Pa of Argon at laser energy density of 8 or 22 Jcm-2. Depending on the deposition conditions, DLC properties moved from soft „graphitic“ to more „diamond“ (53 % of sp3 bonds). Coated prostheses of various DLC thickness and sp3 content were implanted into carotid artery of Merino sheep. The prostheses were extirpated after 100 days (~180 days). From preliminary results follows that prostheses coated with DLC layer thickness of 20 nm and higher sp3 content showed the best results.
Sequence Analysis and B Cell Epitope Prediction of Duck Hepatitis A Virus 1 VP1 Gene
Authors: Wen Xing Jian , Cheng An Chun , Wang Ming Shu
Published: March 2013

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the DHAV-1 VP1 gene, structure and biological function of the VP1 protein were analyzed by using the programs of the DNAstar software ,MEGA software and other bioinformatics software on the line. The nucleotide sequence homologies among and the amino acids homologies of the VP1 gene of DHAV H stain with other 13 DHAV-1 strains in the GenBank were 92.54%-99.86% and 93.75%-99.57%.The putative secondary structure of the VP1 protein contained 10.08% H(alpha helix), 38.24% E(beta-sheet), 51.68%L(loop/coil), Protein can be classified as mixed. The results showed that the B cell epitopes of the VP1 protein were located at the C-terminal 131-136, and 209-218 regions according to Kyte-Doolitte method, Emini method,Karlus-Schulz method, and Jameson-Wolf method implemented in Protean program of DNAStar 7.The VP1 protein in the surface of the virus most exposed, it is to decide the major components of the effects of the virus of Picornaviridae. The VP1 protein of DHAV is a good biomaterial for vaccine research, and genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the VP1 and the B cell epitope prediction can help us to develop multi-epitope vaccine against DHAV variant viruses infections.
Three Dimensional Measurement of Shark Body Based on Monocular and Binocular Vision
Authors: Han Xin , Wang Juan , Wang Lian Fei
Published: March 2013

To provide precise configuration reference for the engineering bionics, high accuracy detection in large field of view on the natural biological body is a prerequisite. Targeting the streamline body of carcharhinus brachyurous, 3D (three dimensional) measurement was carried out with monocular and binocular vision inspecting system based on sinusoidal structure light. By means of moving the vision sensor driven by a stepper motor, fringe patterns with variable fringe spacing were projected to every parts of the shark body, then the point clouds of different parts of the whole shark body were obtained. Using the quaternion method to joint the edges of these point clouds together, surface reconstruction was conducted. Finally the digital model of the low resistance body of shark was achieved. It would be useful reference for the configuration design of underwater vehicles, especially microminiature biomimetic underwater vehicles.
Effects of Short-Term Memory on Electrical Behaviors of Postextrasystolic Beats
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wang Juan , Yang Lin , Liu Yong Bo
Published: March 2013

Cardiac short-term memory which reflects the influence of pacing history is an intrinsic property of paced myocardium. It has been observed that premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) facilitate initiation of reentrant tachyarrhythmias. However, little is known about effects of pacing history on electrical behaviors of postextrasystolic beats. In the paper, by incorporating endo-, mid-, and epi-cardial myocytes, we developed a one-dimensional heterogeneous fiber to examine effects of the number of regular stimulations before PVCs on postextrasystolic depolarizations (PEDs). OpenMP parallel algorithm was performed on a four-core personal computer to accelerate the calculation. The results showed that for any type of myocytes, APDs for PEDs became longer for 500 than for 100 regular driven beats. The calculated ECGs reflected that repolarisation of the tissue was also lengthened for the fast long time pacing. Therefore, it was suggested that because of accumulation of memory, prolonged APDs and repolarisation after PVCs could provide sites for unidirectional block in the tissue and increase the risk of reentrant arrhythmias.
Despeckling of Ultrasound Images in Contourlet Domain
Authors: Liu Yu Shu , Jiang Ming Yan
Published: March 2013

Ultrasound images are the important foundation for disease diagnostics. Unfortunately, speckle noise is an inherent property of ultrasound images. So speckle reduction is an important pre-processing step in the ultrasound image feature extraction and analysis. This paper proposes a novel noise reduction algorithm for ultrasound images, which is based on edge detection of the images using the directional information of contourlet transform. The relative variance of the contourlet coefficients is used as a measure of edge detection. The adaptive threshold can be calculated using the probability density function of relative variance. It is shown that the proposed method outperforms several existing techniques in terms of the universal index, edge preservation and visual quality, and in addition, is able to maintain the significant details of ultrasound images.
Study on the Influence Factors of Spectrum for the early Breast Tumor Detection
Authors: Yang Shi Ping , Xia Xiao , Li Xu
Published: March 2013

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) microwave imaging is investigated as a promising method for the early-stage breast cancer detection based on the large contrast of electric parameters between the tumor and the normal breast tissue. The planer two-dimensional breast model is used to simulate the microwave propagation by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method in the breast. In this paper, the relationship between the frequency spectrum and the permittivity is studied. The spectrum peaks of tumor change obviously with the increase of the tumor relative permittivity. Meanwhile, the size of tumor has effect on the frequency spectrum amplitude. Results show the frequency spectrum amplitude of the tumors enhance with the increase of the size at the low frequency.
Simulation Study of Hemodynamics of Red Blood Cells in Stenotic Microvessels
Authors: Jiang Xiao Mei , Wang Tong , Xing Zhong Wen
Published: March 2013

The shape and mechanical properties of abnormal red blood cells (RBCs) change considerably in comparison with healthy red blood cells (RBCs). In this paper, we perform numerical investigation of the hemodynamics of RBCs in microvessels with stenosis. Our model is based on an immersed boundary-fictitious domain method. We employ a spring model for representing deformability of RBC membrane. The proposed model successfully simulates complex motion and deformation of RBCs in micro scale flow. Our method would be helpful for further understandings of pathology of malaria and some other blood disorders.
The Exploitation and Simulation of a Microfluidic Device Research on the Response of Cell Fluid Shear Stress
Authors: Wei Yuan Chen , Bai Bao Dong
Published: March 2013

This paper provides an economical and high efficient kind of microfluidic chip device which can investigate cells' response under different magnitude of fluid shear stress (FSS) at the same time. The experimental results of a large number of test groups in the same environmental conditions are more persuasive for conclusion. Cells are simultaneously cultured in different width of micro channel, and we verified the cell's shear force with a COMSOL simulation. In the experiment, Human vascular endothelial cell which possess apparent FSS response is selected to verify the reliability of the device. The results of the experiment show that cell response to FSS has obvious morphological differences in different test group.
Development of a Safer Platform for the Production of Recombinant Product than GM Crops
Authors: Chen Xing Zhou , Xu Zhi Peng , Chen Xiao Ping , Zhao Xi Hong , Yang Qing
Published: March 2013

Many genetically modified (GM) crops were used for production of plant-derived edible vaccines and other therapeutic recombinant products. However, GM crops resulted in the ecotoxicological risk of gene transfer because of pollen flow during the past 20 years. The most-commonly used eukaryotic model alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has recently been shown the potential of decreasing this risk. Compared to GM crops, there is no risk of gene transfer because the alga culture can be deserved completely scrutiny under laboratory condition and it do not produce pollen. Recently, we had transformed the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with two genes, CTB and CV1, which encode cholera toxin B subunit and chimeric antigen CV1 fused CTB with VP1 protein from foot and mouth disease virus (FDMV). The transgenic alga subculture were carried out under different selective conditions. The recombinant antigen in transgenic Chlamydomonas chloroplast was detected by western blotting in a period of subculture time. However, the PCR detection data demonstrated that transgene integrated with chloroplast genome would be lost in a special time when was connected with subculture condition. Although loss of transgenic fragment was an inevitable fate for the green alga, our research data showed the possibility that the presence of transgenic fragment was strictly regulated. Thus, the alga can be used for a safer platform for the production of recombinant product than GM crops.
Fast Algorithmfor Identifying Protein-Coding Regions
Authors: Wang Ling Ke , Meng Ji Xian , Zhu Hai Peng , Lu Xin Zhong
Published: March 2013

Identification of protein-coding regions is a hot research area at present. After using mapping methods to turn symbolic genomic sequences into numeric sequences, we need to do the transform to show the period-3 component of protein-coding regions. In this paper, we find twofast algorithms relying on discrete Fourier transform and the extension of Signal Noise Ratio to compute the period-3 component of protein-coding regions.
Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis Based Separation and Detection of Cysteine and Homocysteine
Authors: Chand Rohit , Han Da Woon , Islam Kamrul , Yeon Ik Jun , Ko Sung Sik , Kim Yong Sang
Published: March 2013

Cysteine and homocysteine are the biological thiols which have an important function in various biochemical processes in our body. Alterations in their level lead to various abnormalities. Therefore, we fabricated a miniaturized platform for capillary electrophoresis that could separate and detect these amino thiols electrochemically. The device was fabricated using conventional photolithography technique on the glass substrate. The microchannel was molded in polydimethylsiloxane with gold electrodes deposited on glass for separation and detection. Based on the amperometric detection, we could detect cysteine in 93 sec while homocysteine was detected in 111 sec.
3D Geometric Reconstruction of Coronary Stented Artery
Authors: Gao Feng , Li Gang , Okada Hiroshi
Published: March 2013

Coronary artery disease is a narrowing of lumen in the coronary artery usually resulting in permanent heart muscle damage or heart attack. Intravascular stents are tubular structures placed into stenotic artery to expand the inside passage and improve blood flow. The mechanical factors affect the restenosis after stenting and image-based simulation has become a popular tool for acquiring information. The study aims to provide physicians with a feasible method for 3D entity reconstruction of coronary stented artery. The coronary artery images derived from patient before and after stenting were processed by Mimics for image segmentation and 3D reconstruction. The coronary blood and wall were constructed, as well as the stented artery model. The model can be used for hemodynamic and fluid structure interaction simulation.
Fabrication of Asymmetric Polysaccharide Composite Membranes for Prevention of Post-Surgical Peritoneal Adhesion
Authors: Ye Bi Hua , Su Jia Hao , Sun Guo Dong , Li Li Hua , Chen Jie , Zhou Chen , Zhou Chang Ren
Published: March 2013

The prevention of undesired abdominal wall adhesion after surgery was investigated using asymmetric polysaccharide composite membranes as physical barriers. The hyaluronate (HA) and chitosan (CS) based asymmetric composite membranes were prepared with one smooth surface to inhibit fibroblasts and one porous surface to improve the tissue cells. With adaption of the reaction temperature, pH and component ratios, a series crosslinked membranes were processed with different appearance, mechanical strength and swelling ratios. Cell culture results showed the fibroblasts were inhibited on the composite membranes with comparison of that on petri dish. The osteoblasts proliferated obviously on the porous surface. The composite membranes resulted in less post-operative adhesion of the peritoneum and cecum than shown by non-treated rats without physical barriers, which could be used as a physical barrier to prevent abdominal post-operative adhesion during healing.
Occurrence and Distribution of Legionella in Water System of Central Air Condition
Authors: Wang Su Feng , Ao Jing Fen , Yang Xi Cun , Zhang Hong Mei , Jiao Ti Feng , Tong Qi
Published: March 2013

The present results showed that cooling water (CLW) was more easy to be contaminated than the condensed water (CDW) of central aircondition by Legionella in high air temperature and humidity, and the Legionella was not observed in all sample of the cold medium water (CMW) of central aircondition. The air temperature and relative humidity have significant impact on Legionella. No sample was positive while the average relative humidity was lower than (77.08 ± 1.30) %, and the high value of the ratio of positive samples occurred while the average air temperature and the average relative humidity reached to (26.00 ± 0.35) oC and (85.15 ± 0.74) % respectively. It should be attached importance to the Legionella infection and Legionnaires’ disease prevalence resulted from central aircondition, and the cooling water and condensed water should be sterilized regularly for the prevention and control of Legionella disease.
Development and Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Method for Detecting Foodborn Salmonella in Raw Milk
Authors: Wang Yong Zhen , Wang De Guo
Published: March 2013

In present study, we reported the performance of a Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay detecting food-borne pathogen Salmonella. Three pairs of primers were specially designed for recognizing eight distinct sequences on the target invA gene. Time and temperature conditions for amplification of Salmonella were optimized to be 40 min at 61°C. The LAMP assay gave with artificially contaminated raw milk samples detection limit level of 142 CFU/ml which corresponds to 6-9 cells per reaction tube, while the detection level of conventional PCR was 103 CFU/ml. Data on naturally contaminated raw milk samples indicated that the LAMP method was highly specific and sensitive, giving 89.58% concordance with the ISO 6579 reference method for the samples without enrichment and 100% concordance for the samples after enrichment.
Preparation and Characterization of Porous Nanosized Hydroxyapatite/Collagen Composite as Bone Scaffold
Authors: Lu Ting Li , Li Yu Hui , Wang Yun Qing , Ma Yu Fan
Published: March 2013

Inorganic-organic composites could mimic the composite nature of real bone and combine the toughness of a polymer with the strength of an inorganic one to generate bioactive materials with improved mechanical properties and degradation profiles. In this paper, HAp/Col porous scaffold was prepared based on inorganic nano-sized hydoroxyapatite (nHAp) and organic collagen (Col) by solvent casting/particulate leaching. Sodium chloride (NaCl) and ethyl cellulose (EC) were performed as the porogenic agent and binding agent, respectively. The physical, chemical and biodegradation property of this scaffold were investigated in vitro and its co-culture with cells was also studied. The results showed that the scaffold had good mechanical property with the average pore sizes about 150 μm and porosities as high as 75%. This nHAp/Col porous scaffold had no cytotoxicity to mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 and the content of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was ascending with the extension of culture time. The results of mineralization indicated that HAp/Col scaffold could promote the proliferation, differentiation and biological mineralization of MC3T3-E1.
Review on Biomechanical Simulation, Measurement and Control of Orthodontic Force
Authors: Liu Yun Feng , Zhou Gen , Liu Sean Shih Yao
Published: March 2013

The forces and moments supplied by braces determine the movement of tooth in orthodontic treatment, so clearly quantifying the force value is very important to formulate precise treatment plan. In recent decades, scholars have presented many articles about biomechanical research on orthodontic force. Based on investigations of these papers, techniques on orthodontic force stimulation including oral model (bone, PDL and teeth included) reconstruction and constitute model construction, methods in orthodontic force measurement including physical oral model fabrication and device architectures, and techniques on orthodontic force control such as the use of shape memory alloy and shape memory polymer as the wire material, are reviewed. At the end, the conclusions and future works are given.
An Improved Back-Projection Algorithm for Magnetic Induction Tomography Image Reconstruction
Authors: Ke Li , Lin Xiao , Du Qiang
Published: March 2013

Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) acted as a contactless and non-invasive medical imaging technology has aroused wide concern, while a large amount of calculation and a series of convergence problems in the solution of the inverse problem become technical difficulties for MIT. In order to solve these problems, an improved back-projection image reconstruction algorithm based on the magnetic field lines distribution is presented in this paper. Firstly, the eddy current problem of MIT was solved by the finite element method to obtain the magnetic field distribution. Secondly, the back-projection areas were divided according to the magnetic field lines distribution in the homogeneous field. Finally, image reconstruction was realized by projecting the phase shifts back along the corresponding projection area. The reconstruction results for perturbations with different conductivities appearing at different locations reveal that the improved back-projection algorithm for MIT owning the character of high speed performs well in reflecting location and shape information of the perturbation.
Extraction Fusicoccin from Wheat Seeds Using Nanocarbon Sorbents
Authors: Mansurov Z. , Azat S. , Adekenova A.S. , Kerimkulova A.R. , Ivasenko S.A. , Shulgau Z.T. , Gilmanov M.K. , Kerimkulova M.R.
Published: March 2013

New biostimulator from wheat seeds which by its chemical composition relates to fusicoccin is presented in this article. New biostimulator could be used as powerful hormonal substance that has ability to increase productivity and salt tolerance of agricultural plants.
Fabrication of Carbon Nanotubes Patterns on Titanium Surface by Microcontact Printing
Authors: Pan Chang Jiang , Nie Yu Dong
Published: March 2013

In recent years, carbon nanotubes attract much attention in many fields such as biomaterials, drug delivery system, electronics and others. In the present study, we use microcontact printing (μCP) to fabricate CNT patterns on titanium surface. The water contact angel and AFM experiments shows that the CNTs are successfully immobilized on titanium surface. SEM results show that the CNT patterns were obtained successfully. We anticipate this approach would provide a new route to generate CNT patterns for advanced electronic, energy, and biomaterials applications.
Quantifying Full Field Surface Deformation in Organic Insulators under Electrical Stress with DIC
Authors: Yousfi Belkacem , Zegnini Boubakeur , Martinez-Vega Juan
Published: March 2013

Applications of the digital image correlation method (DIC) for the determination of the full filed surface deformation, induced by a DC electrical field in organic insulator thin films, are investigated in this paper. Digital images of the film sample at different voltages were recorded and processed to obtain the full-field surface deformation associated with electrical stress changes. Considerable work has been carried out to describe the various parameters at play during the electrical ageing process of organic insulators from displacement field measurements. The result shows that the approximation method can smoothly reconstruct the experimentally obtained displacement field.
Morphology Properties of Polyurethane/Clay Nanocomposites Base on Palm Oil Polyol Paint
Authors: Teuku Rihayat , Suryani Amroel
Published: March 2013

An organically modified clay and a pristine clay were used to prepare biodegradable thermoplastic polyurethane (PU) paint/clay nanocomposites. In this paper, polyurethane paint /clay nanocomposites base on palm oil polyol were prepared by isocyanate, polyol and organoclay (a clay modified with Cetyl trimethyl ammonium Bromide (CTAB) and Octadecylamines (ODA). The morphologies of samples were revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Intercalation of PU into clay galleries and crystalline structure of PU were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of the resulting composite showed a combination of intercalated and partially exfoliated clay layers with occasional clay aggregates
Dispersion of Strengthening Particles on the Nickel-Iron-Silicon Nitride Nanocomposite Coating
Authors: Yusrini Marita , Idris Yaacob Iskandar
Published: March 2013

Nickel-iron-silicon nitride nanocomposite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition technique. The deposition was performed at current density of 11.5 A dm-2. Nano-size silicon nitride was mixed in the electrolyte bath as dispersed phase. The effects of silicon nitride nanoparticulates in the nickel-iron nanocomposite coating were investigated in relation to the concentration of silicon nitride in the plating bath. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the deposited nickel iron alloy coating has face-centered cubic structure (FCC). However, a mixture of body-centered cubic (BCC) and face-centered cubic (FCC) phases were observed for nickel iron-silicon nitride nanocomposite coatings. . The change of crystal structure to FCC + BCC is due to the higher Fe content in the deposit. The crystallite size of Ni-Fe nanocomposite coating decreased with increasing concentration of silicon nitride in the coating. An increase of silicone nitride in electrolyte solution leads to the increase in surface roughness of the nickel-iron-silicon nitride nanocomposite.
Removal of Total Phosphorus from Domestic Wastewater with Clay-Zeolite Medium
Authors: Luk Grace K.
Published: March 2013

Chemical adsorption of a clay-zeolite pellet medium is being investigated for the removal of total phosphorus from domestic wastewater. The effect of pellet composition, influent concentration, and contact time on the overall removal efficiency is being studied in a five-layer bench-scale model. Results showed that an equilibrium removal of 72% is achieved after a 3 hour contact time, supporting the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model based on the linearization of solute adsorption to equilibrium solvent concentration.
Optical and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Transparent MgAl2O4 Ceramics
Authors: Fu Ping , Lu Wen Zhong , Lei Wen , Xu Yong , Lu Xian Long
Published: March 2013

Transparent polycrystalline MgAl2O4ceramics were fabricated by using spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique at a temperature range from 1275 °C to 1400 °C. The average grain size of the samples fabricated at optimal sintering processes was 345 nm. The in-line transmittance of the sintered ceramics can be as high as 70% at 550 nm and 82% at 2000 nm, respectively. The optimal microwave dielectric properties (εr = 8.38, Q×f = 54000 GHz and τf = -74 ppm/°C) were achieved at 1325°C for 20 min.
Preparation and Surface Properties Investigation of Lignin-Phonls Non-Ionic Surfactant
Authors: Mao Cui Ping , Wu Shu Bin
Published: March 2013

Surfactants from modified lignin have received growing attention recently. Lignin is an inevitable by-product of the chemical manufacturing processes for cellulose and pulping. Furthermore, this class of chemical has vast availability around the world. Due to the interactions of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups on the interface, lignin modified surfactants present favorable surfactivity. In this paper, alkali lignin (AL) suffered the liquefaction treatment into liquefid alkali lignin (L-AL), of which major constituents were lignin-phenols. Hydrophilic modified L-AL was synthesized with epoxy chloropropane then with polyglycol. The surface tension, watersolubility and HLB value of the productions were characterized. Then the surfactant was applied to the experiments of foam properties, detergency and emulsifying power. The results showed that the modified surfactant had fine solubility in water, relatively higher HLB value of 16.26 and lower surface tention. The production had lower foaming power and foam stability. Though its decontamination performance was relatively weak，however the emulsifying power presented pretty well.
Design of Steering Trapezoidal Mechanism for FSC Racing Base on Matlab
Authors: Shi Chang Zheng , Shi Zhong Xiu , Wang Tian Tian
Published: March 2013

The design of steering trapezoidal mechanism is one of the important aspects of the vehicle steering system. Every parameterin steering trapezoidal has significant influences on the steering performance, stability and tire service life of the vehicle.Based on the analysis of the relationship of the inside and outside wheel angle by analytic method, Matlab software can be used to design FSC racing steering trapezoidal mechanism. Considering the conditions of the automobile race,the corresponding parameter of the steering trapezoid is designed to make the relationship of the l wheel angle close to Ackermann geometry relationship, which reduces the wear of tires, ensuring good steering performance and holding the road so well.
Structure and Properties of Chitosan/Poly-Lactic Acid Blend Scaffold and Chitosan Powder/Poly-Lactic Acid Blend Scaffold
Authors: Zuo Dan Ying , Li Hong Jun
Published: March 2013

The chitosan (CS) /poly-L-lactic (PLLA) acid blend scaffolds were prepared by two kinds of blend solutions through immersion precipitation phase inversion method. CS/PLLA blend scaffold was fabricated by mixing the CS-HAc solution and PLLA-DMF solution, CSP/PLLA blend scaffold was fabricated by mixing chitosan powder (CSP) and PLLA-DMF solution. The results revealed that CS content in CSP/PLLA scaffold was 126 times higher than that in CS/PLLA scaffold. The difference of CS content made the structures of CS/PLLA scaffold and CSP/PLLA scaffold exhibit an obvious discrepancy, which resulted from the different thermodynamics and phase separation behavior of two blend solutions. CS/PLLA scaffold with a higher porosity took on an unsymmetrical structure with a compact upper surface and a porous cross-section containing the fingerlike macrovoids, while CSP/PLLA scaffold displayed a symmetrical structure with a porous upper surface and the sponge-like cross-section. WVTR and equilibrium swelling of CSP/PLLA blend scaffold were higher than that of CS/PLLA blend scaffold. WAXD analysis revealed that PLLA and CS did not crystallize in the course of CS/PLLA scaffold formation, while there were the diffraction peaks of PLLA and CS in the CSP/PLLA scaffold.
Using Fuzzy Preference Relations to Predict the Success Possibility of Assistive Input Devices for Disabled Implementation
Authors: Shih Ching Tien , Hsu Shu Chen , Shih Ching Hsiang
Published: March 2013

This study proposes an analytic hierarchical prediction model based on consistent fuzzy preference relations to help the organizations become aware of the essential factors affecting the implementation Assistive Input Devices (AID). Pairwise comparisons are used to determine the priority weights of influential factors and the ratings of success or failure outcomes amongst decision makers. The subjectivity and vagueness in the prediction procedures are dealt with using linguistic terms quantified in an interval scale [0, 1]. Then predicted success/failure values are obtained to enable organizations to decide whether to initiate knowledge management, inhibit adoption or take remedial actions to increase the possibility of successful AID for disabled. This proposed approach is demonstrated with a real case study involving seven influential factors assessed by eleven evaluators solicited from a special school located in Taiwan.
State Feedback Current Control of the Three-Phase Grid Connected Power Inverter for the Regenerative Loads
Authors: Gaiceanu Marian , Burlibasa Adriana , Eni Cristian , Coman Mihaita
Published: March 2013

Grid-connected power converters are controlled by the current loop, the voltage being delivered by the grid. The proposed state feedback current control has three components: the state feedback, the forcing component to achieve the desired state x1 and the compensating feed forward of the perturbation. Moreover, the control of the power converter, through the external DC-link voltage loop, and internal current loop, assures zero steady state error, and power quality performances. In order to prove the quality of the proposed control, a regenerative load has been used, and the corresponding simulation results are provided.
Study on Preparation of a New Foamed Cement Material
Authors: Du Chuan Wei , Li Guo Zhong
Published: March 2013

The ordinary Portland cement as matrix materials and fly ash as a lightweight aggregate were used to prepare a new foamed cement material by chemical foaming method though adding a proper level of foaming agent, foam stabilizer, and glass fiber. The raw materials’ ratio of new foamed cement was determined through the experiment. The microstructure of bubble was analysed by electronic scanning electron microscopy. The mechanism of foam stabilizer and fiber reinforced mechanisms were explored.
Properties of Epoxy Cathodic Electrodeposition Coating by Aminosiloxane
Authors: Li Ming Tian , Yang Rui Song , Yu Lan Ying
Published: March 2013

The epoxy cathodic electrodeposition (CED) coating modified by organic siloxane has been prepared. EP-44 resin was modified by aminosiloxane and organic amine, then to be neutralized with organic acid and emulsified in deionized water with blocked isocyanate as curing agent. The CED films were electrodeposited on tinplate, and the properties of the paint films were investigated. The results indicated that the films shown good performance.