Isolated central aortic hypertension and pregnancy complications
Authors: Evsevyeva M , Sergeeva O , Prokhorenko-Kolomoytseva I , Pavlov K , Rogovaya A , Gachkova I , Muravyev K 
Published: May 2021

Funding Acknowledgements

Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): State Task

Background. Physiological changes occurring in the body of pregnant woman  (PW) contribute to the adaptation of the cardiovascular (CV) system to the increasing metabolic needs of the mother"s body. Such changes, however, differ in normal and pathological pregnancy (B) and, as a rule, precede the clinical manifestations of a number of its complications. The role of isolated shifts in central aortic pressure (CAP) in the development of the problematic course of pregnancy and childbirth has not yet been studied. Diagnosis of such shifts requires special technology. The aim is to estimate the possible associations of CAD indicators with the development of vascular complications of pregnancy.  Materials and methods. We measured the CAP in the office format in 184 pregnant women (mean age 26 ± 2.7 years) in the 1st trimester B. Exclusion criteria: the presence of an increase in peripheral blood pressure at the time of examination and in the anamnesis. Noninvasive assessment of the CAP parameters was performed using the oscillometric method on the BPLab Vasotens device (Petr Telegin, Russia). The device met international accuracy standards for oscillometric blood pressure recorders and is recommended for use in pregnant women. The development of such complications as gestational hypertension/preeclampsia (GAG/PE), gestational diabetes mellitus (GSD), fetal growth retardation syndrome (SDRP) and preterm birth (PR) was evaluated. For the analysis of possible associations of CAD indicators with the development of vascular complications of pregnancy we carried out it from the standpoint of  interval analysis in the framework of systolic CAD-tertile groups formed by systolic pressure in the aorta  Statistical processing was performed using the application software package "Statistica 10.0" (StatSoft Inc, USA). Results:  It turned out that  incidence of each of  studied complications was higher among PW from third CAP-tertile group. Significant differences relate to GH / PE  – 1,6%,  1,6% and 18,0%  (p1-3 = 0,0002;  р2-3 = 0,0002). The total number of all complications was also found to be the highest in PW who were related with  upper CAP-tertile group - 6,4%, 8,2%  and 29,4% (p1-3 = 0,0001; р2-3 = 0,0005). Persons with the absence of the discussed complications among these women, respectively, turned out to be minimal.  Conclusion. Thus, the undoubted association of increased CAD with the development of various pregnancy complications was demonstrated. It is noteworthy that this association was found in women with normal peripheral blood pressure. This means that they have isolated central hypertension, which requires timely special diagnosis. Therefore, it is advisable to include this technology in the program of management of pregnant women in order to effectively form risk groups for the development of these complications of current pregnancy, which, in turn, are known to predispose to the appearance of SS diseases in the long and not very long term.