bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of two novel and four known mutation in the AAAS gene in unrelated Turkish Families
Authors: yıldırım ruken , Unal Edip , Unal Aysel , Taş Funda Feryal , Özalkak Şervan , Çayır Atilla , Özbek Mehmet Nuri
Published: August 2022

Aim
Triple-A Syndrome(TAS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by adrenal insufficiency, achalasia, and alacrimia. This disorder is caused by mutations in the AAAS gene. The aim of this study is to discuss the clinical, laboratory and molecular genetic analysis results of who were diagnosed with TAS.
Method
We evaluated 12 patients from 8 families. All exons and exon-intron junctions of the AAAS gene were evaluated by next generation sequencing method. Detected variants were classified according to American Collage of Medical Genetics criteria.
Results
Alacrimia was found in all of them(100%); achalasia was found in 10 patients(83.3%) and adrenal insufficiency was found in 10 patients(83.3%). In addition, hyperreflexia(6/12), learning disability(5/12), hypernasal speech(5/12), muscle weakness(8/12), delayed walking(7/12), delayed speech(6/12), excessive sweating(7/12), optic atrophy(1/12), epilepsy(1/12), palmoplantar hyperkeratosis(5/12), multiple dental caries(9/12), atrophy of the thenar/hypothenar muscles(4/12) and short stature(4/12) were detected. The DHEA-S levels were measured in 10 patients and were found to be low in 8 of them. In all patients, the sodium and potassium levels were found to be normal. Six different homozygous pathogenic variants, 2 of which had not been previously reported, were detected.
Conclusion
We detected two novel variants in the AAAS gene. The earliest sign of TAS is alacrimia. In all cases, particularly with alacrimia or achalasia, adrenal insufficiency should be investigated and if necessary, genetic analysis should be performed for TAS. Additionally, in patients diagnosed with TAS, apart from the classic triad, especially neurological dysfunction and skin and dental pathologies should be investigated and followed up with a multidisciplinary approach.
Appearance-based evaluation of varnish removal methods in gilded surfaces
Authors: Arteaga Yoko , Marchioni Diane , Courtier Stephanie , Boust Clotilde , Hardeberg Jon Y.
Published: August 2022

This paper outlines the use of bidirectional reflectance measurements for thecharacterisation and evaluation of appearance changes in gilded surfaces causedby varnishing and cleaning. Oil and water gilding mock-ups representative of a15th century panel painting were varnished, and a selection of four varnishcleaning methods were applied. By measuring the bidirectional reflectance of thesamples, their appearance is modelled and evaluated according to perceptualgloss attributes. Three main perceptual groups are found for each gilding type:unvarnished, varnished, and cleaned surfaces. Finally, the cleaning method mostappropriate, in terms of appearance change, for cleaning a varnished, gildedsurface is solubilisation by applying a compress.
Suppression of microRNA168 enhances salt tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Wan Jiong , Meng Shujun , Wang Qiyue , Zhao Jiawen , Qiu Xiaoqian , Wang Liangfa , Li Juan , Mu Liqin , Dang Kuntai , Xie Qiankun , Ding Dong , Zhang Zhanhui
Published: August 2022

Background: Rice is a salt-sensitive crop. Complex gene regulatory cascades are likely involved in salinity stress in rice roots. microRNA168 (miR168) is a conserved miRNA among different plant species. It in-directly regulates the expression of all miRNAs by targeting gene ARGONAUTE1(AGO1). Short Tandem Target Mimic (STTM) technology is an ideal approach to study miRNA functions by in-activating mature miRNA in plants.Results: In this study, rice miR168 was inactivated by STTM. The T3 generation seedlings of STTM168 exhibited significantly enhanced salt resistance. Direct target genes of rice miR168 were obtained by in silico prediction and further confirmed by degradome-sequencing. PINHEAD (OsAGO1), which was previously suggested to be a plant abiotic stress response regulator. RNA-Seq was performed in root samples of 150mM salt-treated STTM168 and control seedlings. Among these screened 481 differentially expressed genes within STTM168 and the control, 44 abiotic stress response related genes showed significantly difference, including four known salt-responsive genes. Conclusion: Based on sequencing and qRT-PCR, a “miR168-AGO1-downstream” gene regulation model was proposed to be responsible for rice salt stress response. The present study proved miR168-AGO1 cascade to play important role in rice salinity stress responding, as well as to be applied in agronomic improvement in further.
Depressive Disorders among Adolescents During the Period from the National College Entrance Exam to Matriculation in China: The Incidence, Age at Onset, Correlates, and Service Use from Hunan Normal University Mental Health Survey
Authors: Yang Wenhui , Sun Rui , Wang Chong , Chen Jie , Zhang Chunguang , Yu Jie , Liu Haihong
Published: August 2022

Background: Given the serious consequences of adolescent depression and the lack of information about it during the crucially developmental period from the National College Entrance Exam (CEE) to matriculation, this study aimed to estimate the cumulative incidence, prevalence, age at onset, correlates, and service use of depressive disorders (DDs) among adolescents who passed the CEE and were enrolled at Hunan Normal University in China.Methods: A two-stage cross-sectional epidemiological survey of DDs was conducted among 6,922 incoming college students (98.5% effective response, N = 6,818, 71.4% female, age range: 16–25 years, mean age = 18.6). Based on a stratified sampling method, 926 participants were selected and subsequently interviewed using a standardized diagnostic instrument.Results: The sex-adjusted 9-month (i.e., 3 months pre-CEE, 3 months after CEE, and 3 months postmatriculation) incidence of first-onset DDs was 2.2%, and the sex-adjusted lifetime prevalence was 7.5%. The median age at onset was 17 (interquartile range: 16–18) years. Critically, over one-third (36.5%) of depressed youth had their first onset during the 9-month period. The risk factors for depression included having mothers with higher education, experiencing major life events, being female, and experiencing parental divorce or death. The lifetime treatment rate was 9.0%.Conclusion: The findings suggest a high proportion of first-onset depression during the period from the CEE to matriculation among the sample adolescents. Adolescent depression in this stage has been a public health concern. It is urgent to develop efficacious interventions to recognize and prevent adolescent depression during this critically period in Chinese youth.
Effects of extensive mobilization and tension anastomosis in anorectal reconstruction (experimental study)
Authors: Morozov Dmitrii , Morozova Olga , Severgina Lubov , Mokrushina Olga , Marchuk Tatyana , Budnik Ivan , Özbey Hüseyin , Morozov Dmitry
Published: August 2022

PurposeAnorectoplasty and pull-through procedure can be performed with extended mobilization or tension anastomosis, which can compromise the vasculature of the rectum. We aimed to analyze the histopathological findings, hypoxia biomarker values and to correlate the incidence of anal stenosis and defecation disorders of both conditions in experimental models. MethodsWe created anorectal reconstruction models during anorectal mobilization with extended mobilization with impaired vascularization (group I) and tension anastomosis (group II) in rats. Hypoxia biomarker values was assessed in both groups and in sham operated animals (group III). The histopathological changes on the 3rd postoperative day, anal stenosis and defecation disorders on the 35th day are compared with each other and with a control group (group IV). ResultsHypoxia biomarker levels confirmed postoperative ischemia in I – III groups compared to the control. Groups I, II are accompanied by pronounced histopathological changes in the anorectum on the 3rd postoperative day and accompanied by severe fibrosis on the 35th day. In comparison to group III, both groups showed defecation disorders and anal stenoses. ConclusionExtensive mobilization with vascular impairment and tension anastomosis resulted in similar ischemia with histopathologic changes, which in the long term resulted in fibrotic changes associated with defecation disorders.
Risk factors for periventricular–intraventricular haemorrhage severity in preterm infants: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Huang Jinglan , Wang Yan , Tian Tian , Zhu Tingting , Tang Jun , Xiong Tao
Published: August 2022

Objectives: We investigated the risk factors besides gestational age (GA) for periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage (PV-IVH) severity in preterm infants. Study Design: PV-IVH participants were divided into mild and severe groups and were propensity-score matched by GA. Variables were collected from infant-mother pairs.Result: A total of 3,783 preterm infants with PV-IVH were included. We matched 315 infants with severe PV-IVH with 315 with mild PV-IVH. The results suggested that sepsis (odds ratio [OR] 2.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50–4.16), thrombocytopenia (OR 2.37, 95% CI: 1.39–4.04), multiple gestations (OR 1.69, 95% CI: 1.15–2.49), invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 1.59, 95% CI: 1.10–2.31), and magnesium sulphate use (OR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.01–2.10) were associated with severe PV-IVH. Female sex (OR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.46–0.91) was a protective factor. Conclusion: Sepsis, thrombocytopenia, multiple gestations, invasive mechanical ventilation, magnesium sulphate use, and male sex contribute to severe PV-IVH in preterm infants regardless of GA.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on language deserves more attention: Evidence from university students in Greece
Authors: Loudovikou Anna , Tsagkaris Christos , Papakosta Vasiliki , Papazoglou Andreas S. , Moysidis Dimitrios V.
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a dire effect on young people. Recent studies have reported its impact on several mental health domains in this population group. However little has been discussed about the influence of disrupted education and socialization on the linguistic ability of young people. We report early observations from a cross - sectional study conducted among university students in Thessaloniki, Greece. Approximately 3 out of 4 participants observed foreign terms to be introduced in their everyday language, and most of them reported that they have used terms coming from at least 3 different languages. More than half of the participants agreed that the current changes to their vocabulary may have an impact ontheir future linguistic competence, and about one third of them expressed fears that nationallanguages will be negatively impacted by the situation. Nevertheless, approximately two thirds of them disagreed with the latter and opted for enhancing biology and health literacy rather than language in educational curricula. Overall, university students in Greece consider that the pandemic has diversified their vocabulary and potentially affected their linguistic competence. Integrating this knowledge in the current understanding of youth's mental health amidst COVID-19 can help researchers and healthcare practitioners meet the needs of this population group.
Whole-Genome Resequencing Reveals the Uniqueness of Subei Yak
Authors: guo shaoke , Pei Jie , Wang Xingdong , Cao Mengli , Kang Yandong , Bao Lide , Ainierlitu Ainierlitu , Zhao Shuangquan , Guo Xian
Published: August 2022

Background and aim: Subei yak is an essential local yak genetic resource recently discovered in the Gansu Province. Subei yak is a meat-and-milk breed with stable population genetic performance and high fecundity. However, its population structure and genetic diversity are yet to be reported. Therefore, this study aimed to identify molecular markers of Subei yak genome by whole-genome resequencing, and to analyze the population structure and genetic diversity of Subei yak.Results: This study screened 12,079,496 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular markers in the Subei yak genome using whole-genome resequencing technology. Of these SNPs, 32.09% were located in the intronic region. The principal component analysis, phylogenetic analysis, and population structure analysis revealed that the Subei yak belonged to an independent group in the domestic yak population. The positive selection genes were annotated by comparing the Subei yak with other domestic yaks. The functional enrichment analysis showed that Subei yaks possessed prominent selection characteristics in terms of external environment perception, hypoxia adaptation, and muscle development. Further, Subei yak showed excellent muscle fat deposition and meat quality traits. Conclusions: Thus, this study will serve as a reference for discovering population structure, genetic evolution, and other unique traits of Subei yak and for expanding the genetic variation catalog of yaks.
Dynamic modeling and nonlinear free vibration analysis of a rotating 3D beam induced by adjacent two revolute joints
Authors: Yıldırım Ece , Aktürk Nizami
Published: August 2022

In this article, a 3D dynamic model and nonlinear free vibration analysis of a uniform beam attached to a rigid hub rotating by two adjacent rotary joints are presented. The nonlinear model is performed by considering the effects of steady-state axial deformation, coriolis terms, and geometric nonlinearity by means of the von Karman’s strain-displacement relations. The coupled axial, chordwise, and flapwise equations of motion are derived from Hamilton’s principle. Then, Galerkin’s procedure is utilized to discretize the governed partial differential equations. The effects of hub radius, and rotational speeds are incorporated into the governing equations of motion. The relative effects of the Coriolis term on the flapwise and chordwise deformations of a considered 3D rotating beam are investigated. The validity of the present numerical results is verified by comparing them with the available results of the cantilever beam with and without the hub radius under various rotational speeds. The quantitative data obtained within the limit of speed of rotation reveals that the Coriolis factor has a significant impact on the flapwise bending frequencies but not really the chordwise bending frequencies.
Gender and labor supply in Cameroon: an analysis in terms of job quality
Authors: Meka'a Cosmas Bernard , Fotso Silvain Raoul
Published: August 2022

The objective of this article is to analyze according to gender the quality of employment in the labor market in Cameroon. For this, we use data from the fourth Cameroon Household Survey (ECAM4). To estimate the determinants of job quality between men and women, we use the estimation of a multinomial logit model.The results establish that the probability for women to hold a better job is lower compared to men. The only possibilities for women to benefit from good quality jobs are when they have managerial status and when they work in large companies. Inequalities in access to better quality jobs against them are more related to differences in unobservable characteristics than to differences in individual characteristics.JEL Rating: J16, J23, C25, C35
Improving visualization of the cervix during pelvic exams: A physical model and a steppingstone to reducing disparities in gynecological cancers
Authors: Yerrabelli Rahul Sai , Palsgaard Peggy K. , Hojati Ashkhan , Johnson Amy J. Wagoner
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE
Pelvic exams are frequently complicated by collapse of the lateral vaginal walls, obstructing the view of the cervix. To overcome this, physicians frequently repurpose a glove or a condom as a sheath placed over the speculum blades to retract the lateral vaginal walls. Despite their regular use in clinical practice, little research has been done comparing the relative efficacy of these methods. Better visualization of the cervix can benefit patients by decreasing examination-related discomfort, improving cancer screening accuracy, and preventing the need to move the examination to the operating room under general anesthesia.
METHODS
This study presents a physical model that simulates vaginal pressure being exerted around a speculum. Using it, we then compare the efficacy of different condom types, glove materials, glove sizes, and application methods onto the speculum.
RESULTS
The results show that the best sheath is the middle finger of nitrile-material gloves. They provide adequate lateral wall retraction without significantly restricting the opening of the speculum. In comparison, condoms provide a smaller amount of retraction due to loosely fitting the speculum. They may still be a reasonable option for a different speculum size. However, vinyl-material gloves are an impractical option for sheaths; they greatly restrict speculum opening, occasionally even breaking the speculum, which overcome its retraction benefits. Glove size, condom brand, and condom material (latex vs polyisoprene) had minimal impact.
CONCLUSION
This study serves as a guide for clinicians as they use easily accessible tools to perform difficult pelvic exams. We recommend that physicians consider nitrile gloves as the preferred option for a sheath around a speculum. Additionally, this study demonstrates proof-of-concept of a physical model that quantitatively describes different materials on their ability to improve cervical access. This model can be used in future research with more speculum and material combinations, including with materials custom-designed for vaginal retraction.
Association between Vitamin D and pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a cohort study from Beijing, China
Authors: Piao Chunmei , Li Jia , Zhao Zhihong , Wang Kefang
Published: August 2022

Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common gynecological endocrine diseases, and one of the primary causes of anovulatory infertility. Vitamin D deficiency is common in PCOS patients, but few studies have been done on the relationship between vitamin D and reproductive function in PCOS patients. We investigate the correlation between vitamin D levels and pregnancy in patients with PCOS after ovulation induction therapy to explore the role of vitamin D in PCOS.
Methods
We enrolled a total of 200 newly diagnosed infertile patients with PCOS (experimental group) and 200 healthy women of childbearing age (control group) between June 2016 and September 2018. We investigated the pregnancy rate for patients with PCOS and studied correlation of pregnancy rate and levels of 25-(OH) D3 in patients with PCOS. Then we evaluated serum 25-(OH) D3 levels between the two subgroups, with the experimental group divided into vitamin D-deficient and vitamin D non-deficient subgroups and analyzed their respective pregnancy rates.
Results
The mean serum 25-(OH) D3 level in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (14.57 ± 5.86 ng/mL vs. 22.24 ± 6.73 ng/mL, respectively; t = 12.190, P < 0.05). Of the 200 patients in the experimental group, 149 patients completed the ovulation-induction regimen, comprising 72 patients who became pregnant and 77 patients who failed to become pregnant—generating a pregnancy rate of 48.32%. We noted that the serum 25-(OH) D3 level in the pregnant patients was significantly higher than that in the non-pregnant patients (16.06 ± 5.80 ng/mL vs. 13.54 ± 5.88 ng/mL, respectively; t = 2.635, P < 0.05). Additionally, the pregnancy rate was 43.89% in the vitamin D-deficient group compared to 67.86% in the vitamin D non-deficient group, with the latter significantly higher compared to the former group (χ2 = 5.269, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The serum vitamin D level, was lower in the PCOS patients than in healthy women, and the pregnant PCOS patients undergoing ovulation induction exhibited a higher level than non-pregnant patients. Our results indicated a positive role for vitamin D in pregnant patients with PCOS. We demonstrated that vitamin D appeared to play a beneficial role in PCOS patients undergoing an ovulation-induction regimen. We posit that vitamin D may in the future serve as an indicator to guide the clinical treatment of PCOS patients of child-bearing age.
Theoretical study of the electronic features of Silicon-Carbon crystal as a semiconductor Using Quantum Espresso
Authors: Ayoubi-Chianeh Mojgan
Published: August 2022

In this research, quantum simulations are applied to determine the electronic features of the Silicon-Carbon (SiC) crystal. The band structure (BS), density of states (DOS), k-resolved DOS, and convergence calculations are conducted for the optimized SiC, using the plane-wave (PW) method as implemented in Quantum Espresso (QE) program. The calculated values of the band gap and Fermi energy show the values of 0.75 and 9.80 eV, respectively. Therefore, our scrutinized SiC crystal appears as a notable semiconductor that can promise a new generation of solar cells.
A Collaborative Empirical Analysis on Machine Learning Based Disease Prediction in Health Care System
Authors: Das Ayushi
Published: August 2022

Medical treatment processes around the world are expected to revolutionize with the help of AI-aided healthcare services. AI can replicate human cognition and is capable of learning, reasoning, making decisions, and acting. The adaptation of AI can radically reshape the entire healthcare businesses. This paper proposes a comparative analysis of four classification algorithms. The selected algorithms are k-Nearest Neighbour, Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, and Random Forest which predict some commonly identified ailments. These Supervised Machine Learning classifiers are used on a disease prediction data-set to predict 41 prevalent diseases based on any 5 conspicuous symptoms from the data set’s 132 common symptoms. After the study we conclude, Random Forest had the highest accuracy of 99.5%, followed by Decision Tress at 95.8%, then K Nearest Neighbor at 93.4%, and lastly Naive Bayes at 87.7%. Our experiment achieved higher accuracy than previous investigation dealing with identical classification problem, in the health care arena. A web application has also been employed which is providing the highest accuracy while predicting the diseases in a user-friendly manner.
Perturbation analysis in the N-terminal domain of hPGK1: a biophysical, structural and statistical mechanical study
Authors: Pacheco-García Juan Luis , Loginov Dmitry S. , Naganathan Athi N. , Vankova Pavla , Cano-Muñoz Mario , Man Petr , Pey Angel L.
Published: August 2022

Phosphoglycerate kinase has been a model for the stability, folding cooperativity and catalysis of a two-domain protein. The human isoform 1 (hPGK1) is associated with cancer development and rare genetic diseases that affect several of its features. To investigate how mutations affect hPGK1 folding landscape and interaction networks, we have introduced mutations at a buried site in the N-terminal domain (F25 mutants) that either created cavities (F25L, F25V, F25A), enhanced conformational entropy (F25G) or introduced structural strain (F25W) and evaluated their effects using biophysical experimental and theoretical methods. All F25 mutants folded well, but showed reduced unfolding cooperativity, kinetic stability and altered activation energetics according to the results from thermal and chemical denaturation analyses. These alterations correlated well with the structural perturbation caused by mutations in the N-terminal domain and the destabilization caused in the interdomain interface as revealed by H/D exchange under native conditions. Importantly, experimental and theoretical analyses showed that these effects are significant even when the perturbation is mild and local. Our approach will be useful to establish the molecular basis of hPGK1 genotype-phenotype correlations due to phosphorylation events and single amino acid substitutions associated with disease.
Violence Recognition on Videos Using Two-stream 3D CNN with Custom Spatiotemporal Crop
Authors: Pratama Raka Aditya , Yudistira Novanto , Bachtiar Fitra Abdurrachman
Published: August 2022

Violence may happen anywhere. One of the ways to know and oversee the violence in some places is by installing Closed-circuit Television (CCTV). The recorded video captured by CCTV can be used as proof in a law court. Violence video classification is also one of the topics being discussed in deep learning. The latest violence video dataset is RWF-2000. That dataset contains violent and non-violent videos, 5 seconds duration, 30 frames per second, with the amount of 2000 videos. That publication also has the best accuracy of 87.25% by their proposed method. In this study, we will use a Residual Network known to have the advantage of solving the vanishing gradient problem. Beside that, we also implement transfer learning from Kinetics and Kinetics + Moments in Time pre-trained data. We also test the number of frames and the location of the sampling frame range. RGB and optical flow inputs are separately trained with different configurations. The RGB input best accuracy is 89.25% with pre-trained Kinetics + Moments in Time, using frame location 49-149. The optical flow input best accuracy is 88.5% with pre-trained Kinetics, using 74 frames. We also try to sum the output of both inputs making accuracy of 90.5%.
Tolerance to aryloxy-phenoxy-propionate (APP) as a model for Lazarroz FL rice in vitro gamma irradiation variability selection
Authors: Hernández-Soto Alejandro , Méndez-Navarro Daniela , Perez Jason , Gatica-Arias Andrés , Vargas-Segura Walter , Echeverria-Beirute Fabián , Abdelnour-Esqu Ana
Published: August 2022

In vitro gamma ray (60Co) mutagenesis is a powerful tool to achieve variability in commercial rice lines used by farmers, such as Lazarroz FL. We previously reported the optimized in vitro gamma mutagenesis system for Lazarroz FL Indica callus. As a continuation, in the present study, we targeted the ACC2 gene mutagenesis that provides tolerance to aryloxy-phenoxy-propionate (APP) fluazifop-P-butyl as a model to show the system's potential to create variability while providing a solution for weed management. The DL50 of fluazifop-P-butyl was calculated in calli as DL50 = 6,93 mg/L (0,425 mg/L − 15,743 mg/L, R2 = 0,402, 1000n) and regenerated vitroplants at an LD50 of 3.771 mg/L (R2 = 1, 290n). We used 5 mg/L fluazifop-P-butyl as a selection agent and the second round of selection of 10 mg/L (3000 vitroplants) resulted in one survivor plant when using calli as a starting material. The putative tolerant plant also tolerated 150 mg/L in the greenhouse. The ACC2 gene was sequenced, and a heteroecious mutation, T2222I/T2222M, was discovered that may be linked to tolerance. We improved the in vitro system by using seeds as a gamma irradiation starting point instead of embryogenic calli, followed by calli induction, regeneration, and exposure to the selection agent. The modification allowed higher gamma doses with an LD50 of 350 Gy and one to thirty-one putative tolerant plants. The in vitro model showed that gamma-ray mutants from recalcitrant indica rice materials are possible, and the use of selection agents such APP can help create variability useful for breeding a more resilient rice.
Rationally Reconstructed Metal-organic Frameworks as Robust Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts
Authors: Zhang Chengxu , Qi Qianglong , Mei Yunjie , Hu Jue , Sun Mingzi , Zhang Yingjie , Huang Bolong , Zhang Libo , Yang Shihe
Published: August 2022

Although the metal-organic framework (MOF) based materials have become one of the most important types of electrocatalysts for the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER), a novel design strategy for the MOF structure is highly needed to overcome the current development bottleneck of the electrochemical performance. Reconstructing MOFs towards a designed framework structure provides breakthrough opportunities to achieve unprecedented OER electrocatalytic performance, but has rarely, if ever, been proposed and investigated yet due to the significant challenges during the synthesis. Here, we report the first successful fabrication of a robust OER electrocatalyst by precision reconstruction of an MOF structure from MOF-74-Fe to MIL-53(Fe)-2OH with different coordination environments at the active sites. Theoretical calculations have revealed that the Fe sites in MIL-53(Fe)-2OH with uncoordinated phenolic hydroxyls are more electroactive than that in MOF-74-Fe. Benefiting from this desired electronic structure, the designed MIL-53(Fe)-2OH catalyst exhibits unprecedentedly high intrinsic OER activity, including a low overpotential of 215 mV at 10 mA cm−2, low Tafel slope of 45.4 mV dec−1 and high turnover frequency (TOF) of 1.44 s−1 at the overpotential of 300 mV, which is 81 times higher than the TOF of the commercial IrO2 catalyst (0.0177 s−1). The radically reduced eg-t2g crystal field splitting in Fe-3d and thus the much suppressed electron hopping barriers through the synergistic effects of the O species from the coordinated carboxyl groups and the uncoordinated phenolic groups guarantee the efficient OER in MIL-53(Fe)-2OH. Consistent with the DFT calculations, the real-time kinetic simulation reveals that the conversion from O* to OOH* is the rate-determining step on the active sites of MIL-53(Fe)-2OH. This work establishes a MOF platform to systematically investigate the structure-property relationship for rationally designing and fabricating robust OER electrocatalysts in the future.
ECG signal processing by feature selection with classification based on machine learning architectures in cardiovascular disease detection
Authors: Qamar Shamimul
Published: August 2022

A typical method for capturing electrical activity of human heart is electrocardiography (ECG). Because of its low amplitude and extreme susceptibility to high frequency noise and other distortions, accurate computer analysis of ECG signals is difficult. This paper's main goal is to provide machine learning methods for diagnosing myocardial infarction and differentiating between arrhythmias, hypertrophy, and heart enlargement. This research propose novel technique in ECG signal processing based on machine learning architectures by feature extraction with classification. Here the input ECG signal is processed for noise removal, smoothening and normalization; signals has been obtained as frames. Then this signal feature has been selected using support vector machine integrated with backward elimination architecture. the selected features of ECG signal is classified using probabilistic particle swarm optimization. From the classified ECG signal the type of cardio vascular disease detected. The experimental analysis is carried out for different dataset in which the proposed technique is analysed in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, F-measure, RMSE.
Assisted neuroscience knowledge extraction via machine learning applied to neural reconstruction metadata on NeuroMorpho.Org
Authors: Bijari Kayvan , Zoubi Yasmeen , Ascoli Giorgio A.
Published: August 2022

The amount of unstructured text produced daily in scholarly journals is enormous. Systematically identifying, sorting, and structuring information from such a volume of data is increasingly challenging for researchers even in delimited domains. Named entity recognition is a fundamental natural language processing tool that can be trained to annotate, structure, and extract information from scientific articles. Here, we harness state-of-the-art machine learning techniques and develop a smart neuroscience metadata suggestion system accessible by both humans through a user-friendly graphical interface and machines via Application Programming Interface. We demonstrate a practical application to the public repository of neural reconstructions, NeuroMorpho.Org, thus expanding the existing web-based metadata management system currently in use. Quantitative analysis indicates that the suggestion system reduces personnel labor by at least 50%. Moreover, our results show that larger training datasets with the same software architecture are unlikely to further improve performance without ad-hoc heuristics due to intrinsic ambiguities in neuroscience nomenclature. All components of this project are released open source for community enhancement and extensions to additional applications.
Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization as Related to the Yield of Peel Oil from ‘Pineapple’ Oranges1
Authors: Kesterson J. W. , Braddock R. J. , Koo R. C. J. , Reese R. L.
Published: August 2022

An N rate associated with reduced fruit production substantially reduced the quantity of peel oil on a per metric ton (MT) of fruit basis and the yield of oil on a per hectare basis of ‘Pineapple’ orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) K had no significant effect on the peel oil content on a per ha basis, but did increase fruit production (MT/ha) and reduced the peel of oil content.
Sex Inheritance in Some Carica Species1
Authors: Mekako H. U. , Nakasone H. Y.
Published: August 2022

Intercrossing within dioecious Carica species (C. pennata (Heilborn) Svensk, C. parviflora (A. DC.) Solms, C. cauliflora Jacq., C. goudotiana (Tr. & PL) Solms) produce staminate and pistillate plants in equal proportions. Carica monoica Desf., a monoecious species, produces only monoecious offspring upon selfing or intercrossing. Crosses between C. monoica as the pollen parent and pistillate plants of dioecious Carica produce a monoecious F1 and an F2 ratio of 3 monoecious: 1 pistillate. When C. cauliflora is used as the pollen parent with C. monoica, the F1 ratio is 1 staminate: 1 monoecious. Backcrossing monoecious F1 plants of this cross with staminate plants of C. cauliflora produces 1 monoecious: 1 pistillate:2 staminate. The cross between C. goudotiana (seed parent) and Carica monoica (pollen parent) was obtained but the reciprocal cross never succeeded. The backcross, using staminate C. goudotiana, produces only staminate and pistillate plants in a 1:1 ratio. Varying degrees of androecium suppression causing seasonal production of staminate flowers were observed in the F1 and F2 generations of the cross, C. goudotiana x C. monoica, while occasional production of hermaphroditic flowers was observed in monoecious F1 and F2 individuals of the cross, C. cauliflora x C. monica.

These results are discussed in relation to two hypotheses used to explain sex determination in Carica species.
Tissue Culture Propagation of Broccoli, Brassica oleracea (Italica Group), for Use in F1 Hybrid Seed Production1
Authors: Anderson Wilbur C. , Carstens James B.
Published: August 2022

Broccoli flower buds were explanted to a medium consisting of Murashige and Skoog inorganic salts, 30 g sucrose, 100 mg i-inositol, 0.4 mg thiamine·HCl, 80 mg adenine sulfate dihydrate, 170 mg NaH2PO4·H2O, 1 mg indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 4 mg 6(γ-, γ-dimethylallylamino)-purine (2iP) and 8 g Bacto-agar per liter. The culture environment was 19–23°C and 1 klx light, 16 hours duration per day from cool white fluorescent tubes. After 5 weeks culture, the explants had produced about 3 shoots per flower bud. The shoots were subcultured on the same medium with a 7.5 fold increase of shoots in 5 weeks. To develop roots, the shoot cuttings were transferred for 2 weeks to a modification of the medium detailed above containing no adenine sulfate dihydrate, NaH2PO4·H2O or 2iP and the IAA was reduced to 0.2 mg per liter. The light intensity was increased to 6 klx. The plantlets were planted in a peat-perlite mix and placed under intermittent mist for 1—3 days. The plants grew in the greenhouse to transplant stage in 6—7 weeks with 96% survival rate.
Silver Treatment of Carnation Flowers for Reducing Ethylene Damage and Extending Longevity1
Authors: Halevy Abraham H. , Kofranek A. M.
Published: August 2022

Direct coating of flowers of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L. cv White Sim) with Ag ions by spraying or momentarily dipping flower heads with AgNO3 (50-100 ppm) extended cut flower longevity and counteracted the enhancing effect of ethephon on senescence. Treating stems and leaves similarly had little or no effect. Stem base treatment with 1000 ppm was much less effective than treating the flower directly. Maximum efficiency of the AgNO3 spray was obtained when a period of 2 hours elapsed between the AgNO3 treatment and exposure to ethephon. In spite of the great extension in longevity, silver spray has limited practical use since it causes petal spotting.
Compositional Changes in Muskmelons during Development and in Response to Ethylene Treatment1
Authors: Bianco Vito V. , Pratt Harlan K.
Published: August 2022

Fruits of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L., cv. Honey Dew and Powdery Mildew Resistant No. 45) were harvested at weekly intervals after anthesis, and weight, shape, flesh firmness, flesh color, and the content of total solids, alcohol insoluble solids, total sugars, reducing sugars, glucose, fructose, and sucrose were measured. Total sugars (mainly sucrose) increased rapidly between the 28th and 42nd days; hence early harvest must inevitably lead to loss in quality. Ethylene treatments of fruits harvested less than fully mature did not alter sugar content since melons have no starch reserve.
Organic Acid Composition of ‘Shamouti’ Oranges at Harvest and during Prolonged Postharvest Storage1
Authors: Sasson Alegre , Monselise S. P.
Published: August 2022

GLC analysis of organic acids of different fruit components (flavedo, albedo, and juice) was carried out by a modified method. ‘Shamouti’ orange fruits (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) were of different viability because of progressive aging during postharvest storage (3 months at 17°C). Wide quantitative and qualitative differences in acid composition of tissues were detected. Citric was the main acid in juice, malonic and malic in peel tissues. Additional acids included succinic, adipic, isocitric, oxalic, lactic, aconitic, α-ketoglutaric and benzoic. With tissue aging, malonic, succinic and adipic acids concentration increased in peel and juice, but citric and malic acids concn decreased in juice. Malonic acid, the competitive inhibitor of acid respiration, can serve as an indicator of fruit tissue senescence, because its accumulation in the peel begins at fruit maturity, and increases threefold during 3 months post harvest. Moreover, it is the acid component most closely linked with aging of fruit tissues as determined by softness and deformation parameters.
Nitrogen Release Characteristics of Controlled-release Fertilizers during a Four Month Soil Incubation1
Authors: Patel Ashwin J. , Sharma Govind C.
Published: August 2022

Fertilizers were mixed in Morrison sandy loam at 250 and 500 mg N/500 g soil. Columns were kept under uniform environmental conditions and eluted at 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91 and 121 days to evaluate their N-release characteristics. During the first week, N leached ranged from a low of 2% for sulfur-coated urea to a high of 12% for Mag AmP. Nitrogen released during the 17-week period in descending order was Precise (12N-2.6P-5.0K and 8-4.8-4.1), Osmocote (14-6.1-11.6 and 18-2.6-9.8), Mag Amp (fine, 7-17.5-5), SCU (36-0-0, 26% N 1st week), Osmocote (18-2.2-9.1), SCU (36-0-0, 10% N 1st week), Mag AmP (Coarse, 7-17.5-5), Nitroform (38-0-0), IBDU (31-0-0), Uramite (39-0-0), Agriform (14-1.7-5), and Agriform (20-4.4-4.1). The recovery of leached total N ranged from 77% for short to 13.5% for long-duration fertilizers for the 17 weeks.
Evaluation of Spinach Accessions and Cultivars for Resistance to Fusarium Wilt. I. Greenhouse-bench Method1
Authors: O'Brien Muriel J. , Winters Harold F.
Published: August 2022

Two hundred and five USDA Plant Introduction accessions, 19 cultivars, and 5 advanced white-rust resistant lines of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) were evaluated for resistance to Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. spinaciae (Sherb.) Synd. & Hans.), the fusarium-wilt pathogen. After inoculation with heavy doses, ca. 200,000 spores/ml, six plant introduction (PI) accessions rated 5 and eleven accessions rated 6 on a 10-point disease-intensity scale (1 = no infection, 10 = plant dead). No high-level resistance was observed.
Response of Pistachio to Low Soil Moisture Conditions1
Authors: Spiegel-Roy P. , Mazigh D. , Evenari M.
Published: August 2022

Staminate clone Israel 502 and ‘Kerman’ and ‘Lassen’ pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) on two rootstocks showed remarkable drought resistance under runoff farming in the Negev desert highlands. During favorable seasons, root distribution was fairly uniform down to 240 cm. Moisture depletion fluctuated between 58 and 477 mm during 1971-1974 because of great differences in flood water availability and scant annual rainfall (54–163 mm). Soil moisture was depleted in all strata well below the wilting point throughout the growing season in 1973 and from mid-July in 1974. Shoot growth terminated within 4–5 weeks. Although trunk growth continued at an even rate until August 1–15, the relative increment was 4.2–7% higher with the staminate clone. Extreme drought from the autumn of 1972 through 1973 (58 mm water depletion) did not prevent bud differentiation and high yields per tree (12.0 kg for ‘Kerman’, 9.5 kg for ‘Lassen’) in 1974.
Use of Natural Cytokinins to Extend the Storage Life of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea, Italica Group)1
Authors: Fuller Glenn , Kuhnle Judith A. , Corse Joseph W. , Mackey Bruce E.
Published: August 2022

Two natural cytokinins, zeatin and dihydrozeatin, were effective in preserving broccoli appearance and chlorophyll content. Single treatments with 100 ppm aqueous solutions of the 2 compounds, followed by storage at 13°C, permitted storage life of 5 days for zeatin- and 4 days for dihydrozeatin-treated samples of broccoli. Repeated treatments with these compounds increased broccoli storage life to 6 days at 13°C, approaching the apparently limiting value of 7 days conferred by the synthetic cytokinin, 6-benzylamino purine (25 ppm). Broccoli without cytokinin treatment remained salable for only 2 days at 13°C. Visual scores for color were linearly related to chlorophyll concentration.
Mid-summer Applications of Ethephon and Daminozide on Apples. I. Effect on ‘McIntosh’1
Authors: Greene D. W. , Lord W. J. , Bramlage W. J.
Published: August 2022

Applications of (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) on ‘McIntosh’ apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) in early August at concentrations of 125 to 500 ppm promoted the climacteric rise in respiration, increased soluble solids, fruit abscission, and red color, and also reduced flesh firmness. Results from ethephon applications in July were variable; in 1974 July applications were more effective, and in 1975 less effective, than treatments applied in early August. The effects of ethephon were reduced when 1000 ppm succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (daminozide) was combined with the ethephon. No treatment influenced repeat bloom or set the year following application.
Effect of Soil Compaction and Nitrogen Source on Growth and Yield of Squash1
Authors: Smittle D. A. , Williamson R. E.
Published: August 2022

Plant and root growth and root distribution of ‘Dixie’ squash (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) were reduced by mechanical soil compaction of a Tifton loamy sand soil. Soil atmospheric O2 and CO2 concentrations were not affected by soil compaction. Marketable fruit yield was reduced 46 to 58% by increased soil strength produced by tractor wheel traffic. Nitrogen from Ca(NO3)2 produced greater yields in non-compacted plots and smaller yields in compacted plots than NH4NO3.
Metabolism of Sucrose in Cut Roses. III. Absorption of Sugars by Petal Discs1
Authors: Chin Chee-kok , Sacalis John N.
Published: August 2022

Labeling patterns of absorbed 14C sugars in petal discs of ‘Forever Yours’ rose (Rosa hybrida L.) revealed that most of the sucrose was absorbed undegraded indicating that inversion was not a prerequisite for absorption of sucrose by petal tissue.
Dry Weight Reduction in Mechanically-dwarfed Tomato Plants1
Authors: Mitchell C. A. , Dostal H. C. , Seipel T. M.
Published: August 2022

Brief, daily mechanical disturbance reduced dry weight gain as well as shoot elongation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Kokomo). Tactile (thigmo-) and vibrational (seismo-) stimulation of leaf surfaces increased leaf diffusive resistance and decreased transpiration in both stress-conditioned and unstressed control plants. The transitory nature of these responses suggests that prolonged reduction of stomatal aperture was not the cause of the dry weight or growth reductions. Changes in respiratory rates and photosynthetic efficiency also were ruled out. However, growth in dry weight paralleled increase in leaf area for stressed and unstressed plants, suggesting that reduced net photosynthesis was the result, rather than the cause, of retarded plant growth.
Yield and Quality of ‘Concord’ Grapes as Affected by Pruning Severity, Nodes Per Bearing Unit, Training System, Shoot Positioning, and Sampling Date in Arkansas1
Authors: Cawthon D. L. , Morris J. R.
Published: August 2022

Retaining more fruiting nodes/vine increased yield, but reduced fruit quality in ‘Concord’ grape (Vitis labrusca L.). Geneva double curtain (GDC) training produced more fruit with better quality than a single wire cordon training system. Positioning the current season’s growth vertically toward the vineyard floor increased yields of vines pruned to short (3-node) spurs. Yield was increased by shoot positioning the season after performing the operation, however, fruit quality was improved during the season that vines were shoot positioned. Pruning vines to 6- or 9-node canes increased yield without a sacrifice of fruit quality as compared to 3-node spurs and reduced the yield increasing potential of shoot positioning. Use of longer canes, GDC training, and shoot positioning grapevines in Arkansas may allow less severe pruning than the currently recommended 30+10 pruning schedule to increase yield without a loss in fruit quality. Pruning weights were generally reduced by treatments which increased yield.
Chemical Thinning: Ethylene and Pre-treatment Fruit Size Influence Enlargement, Auxin Transport, and Apparent Sink Strength of French Prune and ‘Andross’ Peach1
Authors: Weinbaum S. A. , Giulivo C. , Ramina A.
Published: August 2022

Ethephon applied to peach (Prunus persica L., cv. Andross) and French prune (Prunus domestica L., cv. Agen) at fruit developmental stages sensitive to ethylene-induced abscission reduced peach enlargement and the l4C-IAA transport capacities of excised peach pedicel segments. Sensitivity to (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) was inversely related to peach size prior to treatment. Triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) increased abscission of control and ethephon-treated prunes.

Accumulation of label by fruit tissues of ethylene pretreated prune explants following xylem transport of 14c-sugar was reduced despite the absence of competing sinks and continued availability of sugar. These results provide evidence of a direct effect of ethylene on fruit tissues.
Nitrogen Requirement of the Highbush Blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L.1
Authors: Eck Paul
Published: August 2022

Field applications of N greater than 34 kg/ha to highbush blueberry plants on an Atsion sand did not result in increased fruit production. Application of more than 64 kg N/ha may be detrimental to blueberry production. The optimum N content in the median leaves sampled one month after harvest of lateral shoots averaged 1.65% N over a 5 year period. A biennial bearing pattern occurred consistently at each of N fertilizer levels. Leaf N levels tended to be lower during years of high production than during years of low fruit production. Ca levels in leaf tissue were found to be below the sufficiency level during low production years when leaf N was high and above the sufficiency level in high production years when leaf N was lower.