bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative Тechnologies for Рrotecting Water Bodies from Pollution with Obtaining Marketable Products
Authors: Semyachkov A.I. , Pochechun V.A. , Sobgayda N.A.
Published: May 2019

The paper considers the issues of effective protection of the environment, which is under intensive technological impact by creating an artificial ecological system along the path of pollutant flow, as well as issues of utilization of this ecological system with subsequent extraction of useful raw materials. This work is relevant for countries with a developed mining and metallurgical and industrial complex, as well as for the development of the "green economy" of these countries.
Groundwater Softening Materials Based on Natural Raw Materials
Authors: Somin V.A. , Komarova L.F.
Published: May 2019

The studies on water softening using sorbents based on modified sunflower husk and buckwheat are given. It is shown that these crop wastes can be raw materials for sorption materials for softening groundwater. The sorption capacity of the materials obtained under static and dynamic conditions for hardness salts was studied, a regeneration solution was selected, regeneration was carried out. The time of the protective action of the filter and the achievement of its full dynamic capacity by the method of GOST and the author's method are determined.
Polyurethane Foam Filled with Chitosan — Sorbent for Elimination of Oil Pollution
Authors: Anh Quyen Thi Quynh , Fazilova D.I. , Nazirova A.A. , Zenitova L.A. , Yanov V.V.
Published: May 2019

It is proposed to use a sorbent based on polyurethane foam and natural raw material chitosan for water purification from oil pollution. Traditionally, chitosan and materials with its use are mainly used as purifiers of water and other media from heavy metal ions. This paper provides information on the use of chitosan, which is preliminary isolated from the waste from processing f various beetles, dead bees, etc. Sorbent synthesis occurs by mixing the components of polyurethane foam and chitosan in a very short time, which allows you to produce and use it directly on site.
Problems of Waste Recovery and Socio-Ecological Inequality
Authors: Vershinina I.A. , Martynenko T.S.
Published: May 2019

On the example of various approaches to waste recovery and recycling of garbage existing in different countries, the role of ecological culture in solving environmental problems is analyzed. Based on the analysis of problems associated with landfills, features of the Russian environmental consciousness are presented. The importance of the transition from the widespread burial of waste to their treatment and disposal on the basis of resource-saving technologies that are effectively used in the global economy is emphasized.
Biogeochemical Features of Water, Soil Ground and Bottom Sediments in the Industrial Zone of the City of Khabarovsk
Authors: Garetova L.A. , Fisher N.K. , Imranova E.L. , Kirienko O.A. , Koshel’kov A.M. , Tyugai Z. , Kharitonova G.V.
Published: May 2019

Complex chemical-analytical and microbiological studies of the state of water, soil grounds and bottom sediment of the industrial zone of city of Khabarovsk were carried out. It was found that petroleum prodacts are the main environmental pollutant of the study area. The impact of runoff from the industrial zone on the quality of water and bottom sediments of the Amur river is manifested in an increase in their content and number of indicator groups of bacteria in the zone of impact of the small river Kurcha-Murcha draining the territory of the industrial zone. The oil content in the Kurcha-Murcha river at the exit from conduit is 20 MPC. The degree of soil contamination varies from “increased-background” to “strong”. The amount of oil products in the bottom sediments of the Kurcha-Murcha and the Amur river (below the mouth of the Kurcha-Murcha river) is defined as "dangerous" and "strong", respectively.
The effect of differences in the third domain of the glycoprotein E of tick-borne encephalitis virus of the Far Eastern, Siberian and European subtypes on the binding of recombinant D3 proteins with a chimeric antibody
Authors: Baykov I. K. , Matveev A. L. , Emelianova L. A. , Kaverina G. B. , Tkachev S. E. , Tikunova N. V.
Published: May 2019

Currently, a therapeutic drug based on recombinant antibodies for the prevention and treatment of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is developed in ICBFM SB RAS, and the chimeric antibody ch14D5 is considered as one of the key components of this drug. It was previously shown that this antibody is directed to the domain D3 of the glycoprotein E of TBEV. It was previously shown that this antibody is able to protect mice from the European subtype of TBEV, strain “Absettarov”, and the presence of virus-neutralizing activity against the Far Eastern subtype of TBEV, strain 205 was also shown for this antibody. However, it remains unclear whether this antibody exhibits selectivity for different subtypes of TBEV. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of amino acid sequence differences of recombinant D3 domains derived from the glycoprotein E of TBEV of the Far Eastern, Siberian and European subtypes on the binding of the protective antibody ch14D5 to these proteins. Using Western blot analysis and surface plasmon resonance, it was shown that ch14D5 antibody has the highest affinity (KD= 1.7±0.5 nM) for the D3 domain of the TBEV of the “Sofjin-Ru” strain belonging to the Far Eastern subtype of the virus. At the same time, the affinity of ch14D5 antibody for similar D3 proteins derived from “Zausaev”, “1528-99” and “Absettarov” strains of the Siberian and European subtypes of TBEV was noticeably lower (KD= 25±4, 300±50, 250±50 nM, respectively). In addition, information about the spatial arrangement of amino acid residues that are different for the studied recombinant proteins indicates that the epitope recognized by the ch14D5 antibody is in close proximity to the lateral ridge of D3 domain of E glycoprotein.
Potato mosaic viruses which infect plants of tuber-bearing Solanum spp. growing in the VIR field gene bank
Authors: Rogozina E. V. , Mironenko N. V. , Chalaya N. A. , Matsushita Yu. , Yanagisawa H.
Published: May 2019

Potato crop is particularly affected by virus diseases, and potato virus Y (PVY) currently considered the most important pathogen distributed worldwide as a diversity of strains. Wild and cultivated tuber-bearing species of the genus Solanum L., stored in the VIR collection, are used as the initial material in creation domestic potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) resistant to virus diseases. The preservation and rational utilization of the potato collection is based on regular phytosanitary monitoring, including quarantine objects, foremost PSTVd (potato spindle tuber viroid). The aim of the work is to examine plants of tuber-bearing Solanum species in the field gene bank of VIR for the presence of PSTVd and PVX (potato virus X), PVS (potato virus S), PVM (potato virus M) and PVY, which are the most common viruses on potatoes in the North-West District of Russia. We examined clonal plants of 137 genotypes representing 31 species of the section Petota of the genus Solanum L. A diagnostic was carried out using ELISA, RT-PCR and indicator plants. No PSTVd was found in the studied plants, but a plural infestation by mosaic viruses was detected, more than half of the tested clones are infected with two or more viruses. In the studied samples, only 17 genotypes (12 %) are not infected by PVX, PVS, PVM and PVY according to the ELISA test. There are statistically significant differences in the virus infestation of Solanum species with different origins, according to Pearson’s chi-squared test. Among the studied genotypes of wild relatives of potatoes, the proportion of those affected by PVY was significantly higher in the South American than in the North American species (χ2 = 4.56, p = 0.03); the proportion of genotypes affected by PVХ was significantly higher in the North American species (χ2 = 8.81, p = 0.003), the critical value was χ2 = 3.841. PVY strains were identified by multiplex RT-PCR in 37 genotypes of Solanum spp. We found that 27 genotypes are infected by a common PVYO strain, two genotypes are infected by PVYNW (A) and PVYNW (B) strains, respectively, seven genotypes are infected by a mixture of PVYO +PVYNW (A) strains, and one is infected by a mixture of PVYO +PVYNTN-NW (SYRI)+SYRIII strains. The recombinant strains of PVY are detected in the North-West District of Russia for the first time. Coherency of the results of PVY strains detection by various (immunological, molecular and biological) methods is discussed.
Сontrolled breeding of the psychrophilic strain G-034 VIZR of Trichoderma asperellum for fast crop residues’ polymers utilization and soil enhancement
Authors: Novikova I. I. , Titova J. A. , Boykova I. V. , Krasnobaeva I. L.
Published: May 2019

Genus Trichoderma strains as the natural plant residues’ biodestructors, highly active antagonists of soil phytopathogens and phytoregulators with the widest range of optimum conditions for their development, are widely used in biologics development. Of particular importance in Russia’s northern regions, especially in winter crop cultivation, is the ability of a microorganism’s strain used in agro-technologies to maintain viability and target biological activity at low temperatures. In this connection, this work purpose is to select a psychrotolerant strain of T. asperellum for the rapid crop residues’ polymer utilization and soil enhancement at low temperature, as well as to evaluate its activity under laboratory and field conditions. In the work process, the following tasks were addressed: selecting psychrotolerant strains of T. asperellum with high cellulolytic activity; further controlled breeding of psychrophilic strains capable of rapid growth, active colonization of plant substrates and high sporulation at 4–8 °C; evaluating the target activity of the selected psychrophilic strain as a cellulolytic as well as antagonistic activity against cereal pathogens; obtaining laboratory samples of bioformulations by deep-surface cultivation on non-sterile peat and multirecycled wastes from the edible mushrooms production and assessing their efficacy in field small-plot trials. The methods for inoculum cultivation, sporulation capacity determination, modified wet chamber, estimating antagonistic activity and biologics’ quality, field small-plot trials management, quantitative estimates of biomass losses, cellulose and lignin content were used in the work. The active psychrophilic strain for the rapid crop residues’ polymer utilization and soil enhancement controlled breeding was selected during a four-step screening of 29 T. asperellum strains from All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR) State Microorganisms’ Collection with high cellulolytic and antagonistic activities. In terms of linear growth rate, antagonistic and hyperparasitic activities at 4–8 °С, a high rate of wheat and maize stubble residues’ colonization, a perspective psychrophilic strain G-034 of T. asperellum was selected for developing the laboratory samples of biologics and for running field trials. In small-plot trials, the active maize crop residues’ decomposition under the T. asperellum G-034 influence was revealed, resulting in the complete loss of plant intact state in 12 months due to more than 80 % cellulose and 20 % lignin biodestruction. The maximum loss of maize crop residues biomass for 12 months was more than 70 %. The T. asperellum strain G-034 was active after field hibernation in an amount of ×104 cfu/g, resulting in a titer increase with seasonal temperature rising and the trophic base bioavailability growth.
An optimized method for counting viral particles using electron microscopy
Authors: Zaitsev B. N. , Taranov O. S. , Rudometova N. B. , Shcherbakova N. S. , Ilyichev A. A. , Karpenko L. I.
Published: May 2019

Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. When studying samples containing viruses, one confronts an unavoidable question of the quantitative determination of viral particles in the sample. One of the simplest and efficient approaches to quantitative determination of viral particles in preparation includes the use of electron microscopy; however, a high detection threshold is a significant limitation of this method (107 particles per ml). Usually, such sensitivity is insufficient and can result in error diagnosis. This study aims to develop a method making it possible to detect the number of viral particles more precisely and work with samples in which the concentration of particles is lower than 107/ml. The method includes a concentration of viral particles on the polyethersulfone membrane applied in centrifugal concentrators and subsequent calculation using an electron microscope. We selected env-pseudoviruses using a lentiviral system making it possible to obtain standardized samples of virus-like particles that are safer than a live virus. Suspension of viral particles (a volume of 20 ml) was placed into the centrifugal concentrator and centrifuged. After that, we took a membrane out of the centrifugal concentrator and evaluated the number of particles on the ultrathin section using an electron microscope. The number of viral particles on the whole surface of the filter (a square of 4 сm2) was 4×107 virions, the initial concentration of pseudoviruses in the sample was 2×106 per 1 ml (4×107 particles per 20 ml). As a result, the developed method enables one to evade the major disadvantage of quantitative determination of viruses using electron microscopy regarding a high detection threshold (concentration of particles 107/ml). Furthermore, the centrifugal concentrator makes it possible to sequentially drift a considerable volume of the suspension through the filter resulting in enhancement of test sensitivity. The developed approach results in increased sensitivity, accuracy, and reproducibility of quantitative analysis of various samples containing animal, plant or human viruses using electron microscopy.
Molecular-genetic bases of plumage coloring in chicken
Authors: Makarova A. V. , Mitrofanova O. V. , Vakhrameev A. B. , Dementeva N. V.
Published: May 2019

The color of plumage in birds is an important feature, often determining descent to a particular species or breed. It serves as a key factor in the interaction of birds with each other due to their well-developed visual perception of the surrounding world. In poultry including chickens, the color of the plumage can be treated as a genetic marker, useful for identifying breeds, populations and breeding groups with their specific traits. The origin of diverse color plumage is the result of two interrelated physical processes, chemical and optical, due to which pigment and structural colors in the color are formed. The pigment melanin, which is presented in two forms, eumelanin and pheomelanin, is widely spread in birds. The basis for the formation of melanin is the aromatic amino acid tyrosine. The process of melano-genesis involves many loci, part of the complex expression of plumage color genes. In birds, the solid black color locus encodes the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), mutations in which lead to a change in receptor activation and form different variants of the E locus. Using the GWAS analysis, possible genes affecting the formation of color in chickens were detected. The biosynthesis and types of melanin are affected by the activity of the enzyme tyrosine, and mutations in the tyrosinase gene (TYR) cause albinism in different species. The formation mechanism of brown, silver, gold, lavender and a number of other shades is determined by the influence on the work of the MC1R genes and TYR specific modifier genes. Thus, locus I currently associated with the PMEL17 gene inhibits the expression of eumelanin, and the MLPH gene affects tyrosinase function. Research on the mechanisms of formation of the secondary coloring of plumage in chickens is being actively conducted nowadays. The formation of a marble feather pattern is associated with the mutation of the endothelin B2 receptor (EDNRB2), in the coding part of the gene of which a polymorphism is found associated with the mo locus. The molecular base that causes the feather banding (locus B and autosomal recessive banding) is identified. Today, only some genes that determine the color of the plumage of chickens are studied and described. Different genes can produce similar plumage patterns, and different phenotypes can be determined by the polymorphism of a single gene. Using molecular methods, you can more accurately identify these differences. This overview shows the nature of melanin coloration in birds using the example of chickens of various breeds and also attempts to systematize knowledge about the molecular-genetic mechanisms of the appearance of various types of coloration.
Investigation of the post-cryogenic regeneration ability of potato varieties under different cultivation conditions
Authors: Bespalova E. S. , Ukhatova Yu. V. , Volkova N. N. , Oves E. V. , Gaitova N. A. , Gavrilenko T. A.
Published: May 2019

Cryopreservation provides long-term storage of the gene pool of potato varieties in cryobanks at extremely low temperatures. Currently, droplet vitrification is the most widely used method for cryopreservation of potato varieties, which is constantly improving to increase the regeneration rates of the stored plant material. Different modifications of this method are used in the world’s leading potato genebanks. This paper presents the results of studying the effect of cultivation conditions after plunging into liquid nitrogen and thawing of shoots tips and axillary buds of in vitro plants on their postcryogenic recovery. The droplet-vitrification method modified at VIR was used for cryopreservation. The factor “prolonged dark incubation of explants” did not have a significant effect on the frequency of post-cryogenic regeneration of the studied varieties except for one variety (Krepysh), for which a significant increase in the regeneration rate was observed for the shoot tips cultivated in the darkness compared to the cultivation under the photoperiod 16/8 hours (light/darkness). The frequency of post-cryogenic regeneration of shoot tips was higher than that of the axillary buds for all varieties; however, these differences were significant (p < 0.05) only in two cases: for the variety Udacha (a photoperiod of 16/8 hours) and for the variety Krepysh (the dark incubation). The results of two-factor analysis of variance indicate that there is no effect of interaction of factor 1 (prolonged dark incubation) and factor 2 (explant type) on the ability of varieties to post-cryogenic recovery. Taking into account the obtained results, the further cryopreservation of an extended subset of 9 varieties was carried out using shoot tips, which, after freezing-thawing, were cultivated under the photoperiod of 16/8 hours. The frequency of post-cryogenic regeneration of these varieties varied from 30 to 60 %. A significant effect of genotype on postcryogenic recovery has been established. The ability of varieties to regenerate shoots after freezing and thawing was not related to the values of morphogenic indices of in vitro plants. The age of the meriklons (2–4 years) did not significantly affect either the morphogenic indices or the frequency of post-cryogenic regeneration.
Les Plans Simples de Gestion destinés à la production de bois-énergie en périphérie de Kinshasa : la participation et la restauration à l’épreuve du foncier
Authors: Péroches Adrien , Dubiez Emilein , Peltier Régis , Procès Pierre , Diowo Simon , Yamba-Yamba Timothée , Vermeulen Cédric
Published: May 2019

En République démocratique du Congo, l’agriculture itinérante sur brulis et la production de bois-énergie sont les principales activités génératrices de revenus des populations périurbaines. Mais ces activités sont également les premières causes de déforestation, comme c’est le cas dans un rayon de 200 km autour de Kinshasa et autour des principales métropoles du pays. Afin d’améliorer la gestion des espaces périurbains et d’assurer l’alimentation durable en bois-énergie de Kinshasa, le projet UE Makala a co-construit avec douze communautés du plateau Batéké et du Kongo central des Plans simples de gestion des terroirs et du bois-énergie via une méthode participative. En complément, des itinéraires techniques (plantations agroforestières à Acacia auriculiformis et d’essences locales, régénération naturelle assistée) ont été proposés et testés avec les agriculteurs producteurs de bois-énergie de ces communautés. Après une période de 18 mois de mise en œuvre autonome des Plans simples de gestion, une évaluation de leur appropriation par Principes, critères, indicateurs et vérificateurs a été menée. Cette évaluation a montré que le niveau d’appropriation des Plans simples de gestion et des itinéraires techniques promus par le projet UE Makala est meilleur au Kongo central, où la forêt a quasiment disparu, qu’au plateau Batéké où des reliquats de forêts-galeries existent encore. De plus, il a été mis en évidence dans les deux zones que les activités collectives étaient peu appropriées alors que les activités individuelles, pour lesquelles la répartition du travail et des bénéfices était sans ambiguïtés, ont été plus largement appropriées. Cependant, à l’échelle individuelle, des différences notables d’appropriation ont été constatées en fonction du statut foncier des bénéficiaires. Les faibles superficies disponibles et l’accès au foncier sont les principaux facteurs limitant l’appropriation des itinéraires techniques agroforestiers.
Performances techniques et environnementales du four de carbonisation Green Mad Retort à Madagascar
Authors: Temmerman Michaël , Andrianirina Ravo , Richter Franck
Published: May 2019

Des essais de carbonisation d’eucalyptus issus de plantations au nord de Madagascar ont été menés sur le terrain dans des fours de carbonisation à chambre de combustion externe (Green Mad Retort ou GMDR). Les analyses d’une cinquantaine d’essais démontrent que des rendements massiques élevés (34 %) et très stables sont obtenus avec ces fours, même pour des charges à l’humidité élevée. L’étude confirme le lien direct entre augmentation du rendement massique et diminution des émissions de gaz à effet de serre liés à la carbonisation (CO2 et CH4). Il est également démontré, grâce à des mesures réalisées sur deux fours à des stades de développement différents, qu’il est possible et utile d’éliminer la majeure partie des émissions de méthane à la sortie de la chambre de carbonisation. Dans ce cas, les émissions de méthane sont de l’ordre de 4,3 kg par tonne de charbon de bois produite, ce qui est 5 à 17 fois moins élevé que les émissions publiées pour d’autres techniques de carbonisation, à l’exception des fours cornues industriels.
Derajat Penetasan dan Lama Waktu Menetas Embrio Ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus) yang Diinkubasi pada Media dengan pH Berbeda
[The Hatching Rate and Incubation Duration of Climbing Perch Embryo (Anabas testudineus) Incubated on Different pH of Medium]
Authors: Violita Vina , Muslim Muslim , Fitrani Mirna
Published: May 2019

AbstrakPenetasan telur ikan merupakan hasil dari embriogenesis hingga embrio keluar dari cangkangnya. Aktivitas embrio dipengaruhi oleh faktor dari luar dan dalam cangkang. Salah satu faktor dari luar yaitu pH air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui derajat penetasan dan lama waktu menetas telur ikan betok (A. testudineus) yang diinkubasi pada media dengan pH berbeda. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Budidaya Perairan, Program Studi Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya. Metoda penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan P1 (pH 5±0,2), P2 (pH 6±0,2), P3 (pH 7±0,2), P4 (pH 8±0,2) dan P5 (pH 9±0,2). Parameter yang diamati yaitu persentase telur menetas, lama waktu penetasan dan parameter kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pH 7±0,2, pH 8±0,2 dan pH 9±0,2  memberikan hasil persentase telur menetas dan lama waktu penetasan telur yang tidak berbeda nyata.AbstractThe hatching of fish eggs is the result of embryogenesis until the embryo out from the shells. Embryos activities are influenced by external and internal factors. One of the external factors is the Power of Hydrogen (pH). The purpose of this study is to determine the hatching rate and incubation time of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) incubated on different pH of the medium. The research had been conducted in Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Agriculture Faculty, Sriwijaya University. The research method used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications.  The treatments were P1 (pH 5±0.2), P2 (pH 6±0.2), P3 (pH 7±0.2), P4 (pH 8±0.2) and P5 (pH 9±0.2). Parameters that had been observed were the eggs percentage of hatching, incubation time and water quality parameters. The results showed that pH 7±0.2, pH 8±0.2 and pH 9±0.2 have no significant difference on hatching percentage and incubation time of climbing perch.
An Effort-Reward Imbalance Model to Study Engagement and Burnout: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hwang Jung Eun , Kim Na Jin , Kwon Nani , Kim Su Young
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Medical students are motivated to engage actively in their studies. Yet at least 50% of medical students suffer from academic burnout. Using a social environmental perspective, this pilot study tested six hypotheses to account for medical student engagement and burnout via an effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model.Methods: This study measured ERI, over-commitment, engagement, burnout, negative affect, demographic variables, and test results during 2017. Seventy-nine medical students at a college of medicine in Seoul, Republic of Korea completed the online questionnaires (response rate: 20.73%). We used hierarchical regression analyses to examine the effects of ERI ratio, over-commitment, and the interaction between ERI ratio and over-commitment on engagement and burnout after adjusting for demographic variables and negative affect.Results: The ERI ratio was negatively related to engagement (p < 0.05), but over-commitment was positively related to engagement (p < 0.05). For burnout, affiliation, age, and negative affect were significant predictors. The ERI ratio was positively associated with burnout (p < 0.05). When we performed regression analyses on three sub-dimensions of engagement and burnout, the factors that affected each sub-dimension were different.Discussion: This pilot study revealed that the ERI ratio in school settings is a common factor for explaining the engagement and burnout of medical students. In addition, over-commitment significantly accounted for engagement, but it did not significantly account for burnout. These results for over-commitment may be explained by the unique characteristics of medical students.
English as a second language: helping international students get ready for college in the U.S.
Authors: Kandidatov Petr
Published: May 2019

Inglês como segunda língua: ajuda a estudantes estrangeiros a se prepararem para a universidade nos Estados Unidos
RESUMO. Descreve o programa de inglês como segunda língua (ESL) na Southern Arkansas University e seu sucesso em ajudar estudantes estrangeiros a aprimorar suas habilidades na língua inglesa e facilitar uma transição suave para os programas de graduação e pós-graduação da universidade. O artigo analisa todos os componentes do programa, concentrando-se principalmente em seu currículo e métodos instrucionais que abordam todas as principais habilidades linguísticas (ouvir, falar, ler e escrever) e outras habilidades relacionadas à gramática, vocabulário e pronúncia.
Palavras-chave: Inglês, Linguagem, Aprendizagem.
 
English as a second language: helping international students get ready for college in the U.S.
ABSTRACT. Describes the English as a Second Language (ESL) program at Southern Arkansas University and its success in aiding international students in improving their English language skills and facilitating a smooth transition to the university’s degree programs. The paper looks at all the components of the program mainly focusing on its curriculum and methods of instruction that address all of the major language skills (listening comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing) and competences (grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation).
Keywords: English, Language, Learning.
 
Inglés como segunda lengua: ayuda a estudiantes extranjeros a prepararse para la universidad en los Estados Unidos de América                                                 
RESUMEN. Describe el programa de Inglés Como Segunda Lengua (ESL) en Southern Arkansas University y su éxito al ayudar a los estudiantes extranjeros a mejorar sus habilidades en el idioma inglés y facilitar una transición suave a los programas de pregrado y posgrado de la universidad. Analiza todos los componentes del programa, centrándose principalmente en su plan de estudios y métodos de instrucción que abordan todas las principales habilidades lingüísticas (comprensión auditiva, conversación, lectura y escritura) y competencias (gramática, vocabulario y pronunciación).
Palabras clave: Inglés, Lenguaje, Aprendizaje.
Recognising the Significance of Bioethical Reflections for the Promotion of Teachers' Health in Higher Education: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Carlotto Ivani Nadir , Pimenta Dinis Maria Alzira
Published: May 2019

Universities are essential institutions for health promotion (HP). Bioethics, as a transversal discipline, seeks to analyse and systematise these values in an ethical way, strengthening the synergy between health and health promotion. Ecological models are a possibility to develop health actions in a holistic, sustainable and salutogenic way, stimulating positive aspects related to ethics, well-being, quality of life and happiness. Research with exploratory-descriptive methodology and quantitative-qualitative approach. Sample: University professors from the Rio Grande do Sul, random sample, probabilistic for convenience, CI = 95%, n = 1400 people. The research approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital das Clínicas of Porto Alegre (HCPA), Brazil, Ethics Committee of the University Fernando Pessoa (UFP), Porto, Portugal. Universities function as research and learning venues to strengthen HP's activities. Bioethics and HP aim to build qualified actions in health, to defend and promoting well-being, quality of life, equity, inclusion, sustainability and social justice, with the proper conceptual clarity that distinguishes it.
Evaluating Customer Experience through Customer Journey Mapping and Service Blueprinting at Edmonton Public Library: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Mucz David , Gareau-Brennan Céline
Published: May 2019

This paper presents an overview of the design, implementation, and findings of an exploratory project to evaluate customer experience at Edmonton Public Library (EPL). The EPL Intern Librarian Project had three objectives: to establish the current state of customer experience at EPL, identify pain points, and develop recommendations for improvement. The study used the ethnographic methods of Customer Journey Mapping and Service Blueprinting to directly engage with customers and staff to produce visual documents reflecting respondents’ customer experience at EPL. In order to gather data for Customer Journey Maps, participants were simultaneously observed and interviewed as they completed different activities in the library. During the creation of the Journey Maps, pain points were identified. Interactive focus groups and interviews with EPL staff members unpacked pain points and informed the creation of corresponding Service Blueprints. Based on the findings, a number of recommendations were proposed to improve the customer experience including enhanced digital wayfinding,clearly identifiable catalogue stations, and revised website FAQs. Suggestions for applying these methods include the use of multiple techniques for participant recruitment, focusing on specific library activities, and actively promoting the project internally.
The Development of Pre-Service Teachers’ Teaching Performance in the Teaching Practice Program at English Department of State Islamic University of Antasari Banjarmasin
Authors: Mufidah Nida
Published: May 2019

Teacher’s professional development is a long journey and it should be started from the college. The present paper discusses the development of pre-service teachers’ teaching performance at English department of State Islamic University of Antasari Banjarmasin when they were participating in the teaching practice program. It elaborates what they had done in the program and how their performance improved week by week. There were ten pre-service teachers who became the subjects of this report. The writer recorded their teaching techniques, media, and some feedbacks in a field note. An interview was also conducted to better understand their personal self-reflection on what they have achieved and to figure out their problems in teaching. The result of the study shows that the teaching practice program helped the pre-service teacher to develop their teaching performance by getting the feedback from the supervisor. The students’ ability to plan a lesson was improved week by week. They knew how to structure the lesson and write good lesson plan. In explaining the lesson, some common problems located on their pronunciation and grammar skills. Some also needed to know the way to manage and engage the students, and to close the lesson. The Pre-service teachers were able to use various media but they need to have better preparation to use them. In term of method used, CA, GTM, and ALM were commons method used by the students to teach various topics/ skills.
DAKWAH PRA KENABIAN: Reorientasi Dakwah melalui Pendekatan Historis
Authors: Rahman Haidir
Published: May 2019

Nowadays, dakwah is perceived merely as a process of communicating Islamic teachings. If we take a closer look into the life of the Prophet Muhammad, we can safely assume that dakwah is more than just a process of communicating Islamic teachings from some person to others. Prophet Muhammad dedicated most of his life preparing for da’wa even though the moral state of his people at that time, the Arabs of Mecca was in dire need of guidance. This paper talks about several pre-prophethood events as narrated by many Muslim historians. Through historical approach and inductive reasoning, such events are analysed to reveal their relation with dakwah of the prophet. Findings in this paper reveal that the life of the prophet Muhammad before he became prophet constituted vital role for the dakwah he undertook later on. Prophet’s dakwah also focused more on issues of hereafter and less on issues of halal and haram. Keywords: Arabs, Da’wa, Pre-prophethood
Willingness to donate eyes among outpatients attending Muhimbili National Hospital
Authors: MUKAMANA FELICITE - , Mosenene Suzan Nstilane , Sanyiwa Anna John , Mafwiri Milka , Kisimbi John , Mhina Celina Joseph
Published: May 2019

Background

Willingness to donate eyes and other organs in general is still unsatisfactory worldwide, specifically in low income countries including Sub-Saharan Africa where the awareness about eye and other organs donation is still low. Factors like religion may also affect people’s decision making in terms of organ donation. Therefore, it is difficult to have enough tissues for transplant and sustainable local eye banks.
On the size of the space spanned by a nonequilibrium state in a quantum spin lattice system
Authors: Fagotti Maurizio
Published: May 2019

We consider the time evolution of a state in an isolated quantum spin
lattice system with energy cumulants proportional to the number of the
sites L^dLd.
We compute the distribution of the eigenvalues of the time averaged
state over a time window [t_0,t_0+t][t0,t0+t]
in the limit of large L. This allows us to infer the size of a subspace
that captures time evolution in [t_0,t_0+t][t0,t0+t]
with an accuracy 1-\epsilon1−ϵ.
We estimate the size to be \frac{\sqrt{2{\mathfrak e}_2}}{\pi}erf^{-1}(1-\epsilon) L^{\frac{d}{2}}t2𝔢2πerf−1(1−ϵ)Ld2t,
where {\mathfrak e}_2𝔢2
is the energy variance per site, and erf^{-1}erf−1
is the inverse error function.
Multisubject governance of the national tourism system
Authors: Okhrimenko Alla , Boiko Marharyta , Bosovska Myroslava , Melnychenko Svitlana , Poltavska Oksana
Published: May 2019

Unstable external environment, unfavorable market conditions and escalating global competition necessitate developing new management technologies to overcome the disproportionality in the economic systems functioning. The polystructural properties of the national tourism system (NTS), as a significant component of the national economic system, require multisubject management. The mutisubject management process ensures a balanced interplay of its constituent elements and the coherence of economic entities’ interests. Accordingly, the purpose of the article is to study the essence of multisubject NTS management.It is revealed that multisubject NTS management is the process of forming and developing mutually coordinated and effective interaction of subjects of the public and private sectors, as well as consumers for the consolidated creation of tourism product based on constructive inter-subject communication.The main groups of entities that have a managerial influence on the national tourism system, that is form multisubject management, are identified. On this basis, the configuration of multisubject NTS management and the structural and logical scheme for coordinating its participants’ interests are proposed. Given the NTS polystructural properties, the definition of the synergistic effect of integrated cooperation in the format of multisubject management is proved. According to the study results, a step-by-step procedure for estimating multisubject management is proposed, which determines the interaction level and the vector of equilibrium of the NTS entities.
Marriage or cohabitation?
Authors: Rontos Kostas , Roumeliotou Myrsine , Salvati Luca , Syrmali Maria-Eleni
Published: May 2019

In recent decades, family patterns have been (more or less rapidly) transformed in all Western societies. This is also the case for Greece, whose society was frequently considered one of the most traditional among European countries, since family stereotypes, secular social norms and – in some ways – religion occupied (and still do) a prominent position. Based on a survey of students’ attitudes towards marriage (or cohabitation), an exploratory data analysis allows the identification of specific factors shaping beliefs and attitudes toward marriage in Greek society. In particular, it is demonstrated that female students are overcoming traditional boundaries and prefer more modern forms of companionship. The results indicate that female students tend to postpone their decision to marry, as traditional family stereotypes seem to have lost their influence on the life course decisions taken by young women. Additionally, a large proportion of female students use cohabitation as a precursor to marriage. Respondents are found to be more emancipated and independent than in years gone by, while social status and financial independence are sought through education rather than marriage. Another important factor is the lack of state policies supporting families and the lack of incentives to have children.
Influence of roll-to-roll system’s dynamics on axially moving web vibration
Authors: Hawwa Muhammad A. , Ali Sajid , Hardt David E.
Published: May 2019

In this paper, a model for transverse web vibration in a roll-to-roll system is presented. Web axial tension and web axial speed, decisive parameters in the equation of motion that describes web vibration, are rigorously obtained by considering the two rolls-web coupled system’s dynamics, coupled with the equation of motion. According to the present analysis, the idealized simply-supported boundary conditions, commonly used in studies on vibrations of axially moving structures are not needed. Instead, a mathematical model comprised of the governing equation of web transverse vibration and the roll angular velocity – web axial tension relationship is solved as a coupled system. A finite-difference based algorithm is used for solving the coupled system of differential equations. It is worth noting that the web axial speed and web-transmitted tension are not constants when a certain amount of the web material is transferred from the unwinding roll to the winding roll; they vary nonlinearly after a short transient period. The transverse vibration response at selected points on the web span shows higher (lower) frequency fluctuations corresponding to lower (higher) transport axial speed. This behavior is significantly different from that of a vibrating web under constant axial speed and tension.
Variable learning rate EASI-based adaptive blind source separation in situation of nonstationary source and linear time-varying systems
Authors: Wang Cheng , Huang Haiyang , Zhang Yiwen , Chen Yewang
Published: May 2019

In the case of multiple nonstationary independent source signals and linear instantaneous time-varying mixing systems, it is difficult to adaptively separate the multiple source signals. Therefore, the adaptive blind source separation (BSS) problem is firstly formally expressed and compared with tradition BSS problem. Then, we propose an adaptive blind identification and separation method based on the variable learning rate equivariant adaptive source separation via independence (EASI) algorithm. Furthermore, we analyze the scope and conditions of variable-learning rate EASI algorithm. The adaptive BSS simulation results also show that the variable learning rate EASI algorithm provides better separation effect than the fixed learning rate EASI and recursive least-squares algorithms.
The experimental study on influence of turbine wheel position and mass on rotor critical speed
Authors: Pan Honggang , Peng Weike , Zhang Ye
Published: May 2019

The rotor critical speed of turbine generator unit when the amplitude of the rotor increases sharply, bring to unit certain harm, rotor critical speed calculation method often results with the actual error is bigger. Through Bode diagram method and frequency spectrum analysis method, the rotor critical speed measurement was carried out. Through the experimental results it was concluded that two methods the test results are basically identical, and bode diagram was determined the selection method of measuring rotor critical speed more accurate. By changing the rotor on the quality of the wheel and position change, the use of Bode diagram method for rotor critical speed measurement. It was concluded that with the increase of the quality of the rotor critical speed decreased, the impact is not big in the center of the deviation from the rotor position far; The same quality case, the farther wheel deviating from the center of rotor, the rotor critical speed increases faster. The test results can guide the engineering practice, for the calculation of the rotor critical speed, the simulation and experiment have certain reference function.
Adaptive control of a nonlinear suspension with time-delay compensation
Authors: Yao Jun , Zhang Jin Qiu , Zhao Ming Mei , Li Xin
Published: May 2019

This paper addresses the challenge of predictive control of a quarter-car nonlinear suspension and low controller-precision. This is done by designing and implementing an adaptive controller with time-delay compensation. First, a real-time control model is created. Then, time-delay compensation is realized and both frequency-domain and time-domain simulation of the controller performance are conducted. According to the simulation results, the sprung-mass acceleration of the suspension controlled by an adaptive controller with time-delay compensation is superior to that without time-delay compensation. Both the period to settle down and the peak of vibration acceleration are smaller. This means the proposed controller is capable of dealing with problems including variable time delay, nonlinear vibration and predictive control.
A novel hybrid topology for power quality improvement using multilevel inverter for the reduction of vibration and noise in brushless DC motor for industrial applications
Authors: Ramasamy Sampathkumar , Gunasekaran Saravanakumar , Balasubramaniam Suresh
Published: May 2019

The proposed research involves the design and implementation of a novel hybrid Topology for Power Quality Improvement using Multilevel Inverter to reduce vibration and noise in BLDC motor for industrial applications. The utility of power electronics device plays a vital role for various applications in recent days. Similarly, the power consumption is also important for all processing units. The power electronic devices contain a lot of converters for processing the energy. During such cases, the harmonics are produced in different ways. Hence, a system analysis is necessary to find the problem at conventional methods. Hence the problem is identified on the distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) component module whose harmonics are high, and it is important module for the circuit, hence preventive action to be taken to reduce the harmonics. To limit or reduce the harmonics, it is required to modify the triggering mechanism and control unit of Multi level inverter. Hence, the proposed hybrid method is implemented with the developed H-bridge and diode clamped topology with a brushless dc motor. In addition, the vibrations and the noise level are also reduced due to the reduced total harmonic distortion. The proposed module is simulated on MATLAB Simulink, and an experimental analysis is carried out to verify functionality tools with various operating conditions, the proposed method proves more efficient than the switches and complex networks present in traditional methods.
Cultural determinants of sanitation uptake and sustainability: local values and traditional roles in rural Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Dwipayanti Ni Made Utami , Rutherford Shannon , Chu Cordia
Published: May 2019

There is a wealth of literature indicating that socio-cultural understanding is crucial in the implementation of sanitation programmes. However, in Indonesia, the exploration and response to this understanding in regard to sanitation uptake and sustainability remain weak. This study aims to gain an understanding of the cultural determinants underpinning sanitation issues across all sanitation stages in one part of Indonesia in order to address both uptake and sustainability. A qualitative exploratory study in two rural communities in Bali identified some cultural values and traditional roles that can affect sanitation uptake and sustainability. A set of values relating to harmony and purity, and community and individual roles defined by culture appears to modify the perception of risks and barriers, and sets priorities for resources and commitment. The paper also discusses how to translate the understanding of local values and roles into action strategies in order to improve sanitation uptake and sustainability.