bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Raman spectroscopy-based sensitive, fast and reversible vapour phase detection of explosives adsorbed on metal–organic frameworks UiO-67
Authors: Sen Bishwas Mousumi , Malik Monika , Poddar Pankaj
Published: March 2021

A sensitive, selective, rapid, and reversible detection of explosive molecules in the vapour phase, adsorbed on metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) under ambient laboratory conditions is demonstrated using Raman spectroscopy.
Molecular mechanism of secreted amyloid-β precursor protein in binding and modulating GABABR1a
Authors: Feng Mei , Song Yi , Chen Serena H. , Zhang Yuanzhao , Zhou Ruhong
Published: March 2021

A recent phenomenal study discovered that the extension domain of secreted amyloid-β precursor protein (sAPP) can bind to the intrinsically disordered sushi 1 domain of the γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1a (GABABR1a) and modulate its synaptic transmission.
A short PEG linker alters the in vivo pharmacokinetics of trastuzumab to yield high-contrast immuno-PET images
Authors: Lee Woonghee , Bobba Kondapa Naidu , Kim Jung Young , Park Hyun , Bhise Abhinav , Kim Wanook , Lee Kiwoong , Rajkumar Subramani , Nam Bora , Lee Kyo Chul , Lee Sang Hyuk , Ko Sanghwan , Lee Hye Jin , Jung Sang Taek , Yoo Jeongsoo
Published: March 2021

A PEGylated antibody with short PEG linkers was excreted faster to visualize tumors clearly with exceptionally high tumor-to-background ratio in nuclear imaging.
Copper-doped α-MnO2nano-sphere: metamaterial for enhanced supercapacitor and microwave shielding applications
Authors: Mondal Dheeraj , Paul Biplab Kumar , Bhattacharya Debopriya , Ghoshal Debopriyo , Biswas Somen , Das Kaustuv , Das Sukhen
Published: March 2021

Cu-doped α-MnO2nanoparticles have been synthesized for EMI shielding and supercapacitor applications.
Molecularly imprinted polymers for the detection of viruses: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Jamalipour Soufi Ghazaleh , Iravani Siavash , Varma Rajender S.
Published: March 2021

Recent advancements regarding the application of MIPs and relevant virus imprinting techniques for the detection of viruses are highlighted.
Anchoring Ir(iii) complex on macroscopic polymer substrate as highly durable photosensitizer for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Wang Yue , Zheng Chunbai , Liu Meihua , Wei Wei , Gao Jian , Zhang Yifan , Deng Pengyang
Published: March 2021

A highly durable photosensitizer for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution was developed by anchoring an Ir(iii) complex on a macroscopic polymer substrate.
Direct visualization of photo-induced disulfide through oxidative coupling of para-aminothiophenol
Authors: He Wei , Xia Chang , Gao Peng Fei , Zhou Jun , Li Yuan Fang , Huang Cheng Zhi
Published: March 2021

Catalyst-free photooxidation dimerization of para-aminothiophenol (p-ATP) to 4-aminophenyl disulfide (APDS) in water was identified and monitored in real time by dark-field microscopy through the formation of organic nanoparticles.
De novoapproach for the synthesis of water-soluble interlocked and non-interlocked organic cages
Authors: Chakraborty Debsena , Modak Ritwik , Howlader Prodip , Mukherjee Partha Sarathi
Published: March 2021

A water-soluble interlocked organic cage has been prepared without using dynamic covalent chemistry, and by controlling the transition state by using positional isomers, its analogous non-interlocked form has also been realised.
BaB4O5F4 with reversible phase transition featuring unprecedented fundamental building blocks of [B16O21F16] in the α-phase and [B4O6F4] in the β-phase
Authors: Zhang Wenbin , Guo Siru , Han Shujuan , Wang Liying , Zhou Xin , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie
Published: March 2021

The first fluorooxoborate with reversible phase transition, BaB4O5F4 with a large band gap and moderate birefringence, features the unprecedented fundamental building blocks of [B16O21F16] in the α-phase and [B4O6F4] in the β-phase.
Ring-opening polymerisation of l- and rac-lactide using group 4 permethylpentalene aryloxides and alkoxides
Authors: Turner Zoë R. , Lamb Jessica V. , Robinson Thomas P. , Mandal Dipa , Buffet Jean-Charles , O′Hare Dermot
Published: March 2021

Group 4 permethylpentalene (C8Me62−; Pn*) aryloxide and alkoxide complexes have been synthesised, fully characterised and used for the polymerisation of lactide monomers.
Borane-catalysed dinitrogen borylation by 1,3-B–H bond addition
Authors: Coffinet Anaïs , Zhang Dan , Vendier Laure , Bontemps Sébastien , Simonneau Antoine
Published: March 2021

1,3-B–H addition of various boranes over a W–NN motif has been explored to probe its scope and limitations as a method for N2 borylation. The reaction can be catalysed or not, and boranes that undergo retrohydroboration react as monoalkylboranes.
The strength in Numbers! Porphyrin hybrid nanostructured materials for chemical sensing
Authors: Magna Gabriele , Nardis Sara , Stefanelli Manuela , Monti Donato , Di Natale Corrado , Paolesse Roberto
Published: March 2021

Porphyrins do not work alone! In nanostructured hybrid materials, they cooperate to afford novel and efficient sensing layers.
Cd0.8Mn0.2S/MoO3 composites with an S-scheme heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Jiang Guoping , Zheng Chaoyue , Yan Teng , Jin Zhiliang
Published: March 2021

High-performance and noble metal-free MoO3/Cd0.8Mn0.2S nanocomposites were synthesized via a simple direct physical mixing process.
Spiers Memorial Lecture: Understanding reaction mechanisms in heterogeneously catalysed reactions
Authors: Hutchings Graham J.
Published: March 2021

Heterogeneous catalysis lies at the heart of the chemical and fuel manufacturing industries and hence is a cornerstone of many economies.
γ-Valerolactone-introduced controlled-isomerization of glucose for lactic acid production over an Sn-Beta catalyst
Authors: Zhao Xinpeng , Zhou Zhimin , Luo Hu , Zhang Yanfei , Liu Wang , Miao Gai , Zhu Lijun , Kong Lingzhao , Li Shenggang , Sun Yuhan
Published: March 2021

GVL (<20.0 wt%) invoked a controlled isomerization of glucose to fructose, thus resulting in a low fructose intermediate concentration and enabling full interaction between fructose and the Sn-Beta catalyst with a high lactic acid yield of 74.0 wt%.
Fiber optic hydrogen sensor based on a Fabry–Perot interferometer with a fiber Bragg grating and a nanofilm
Authors: Luo Junxian , Liu Shen , Chen Peijing , Lu Shengzhen , Zhang Qiang , Chen Yanping , Du Bin , Tang Jian , He Jun , Liao Changrui , Wang Yiping
Published: March 2021

A novel probe-type FPI-based fiber optic hydrogen sensor with a graphene–Au–Pd sandwich structure film and FBG is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in this study.
Poly-l-lysine-functionalized magnetic graphene for the immobilized metal affinity purification of histidine-rich proteins
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Liu Yingying , Liang Yixun , Ma Fen , Bai Quan
Published: March 2021

Metal affinity-poly-l-lysine functionalization on a magnetic graphene substrate for simultaneously improving the adsorption selectivity toward histidine-rich proteins and inhibiting the non-specific adsorption.
Halogen bonding controlled 2D self-assembled polymorphism of regioisomeric thienophenanthrene derivatives by coadsorption
Authors: Pang Peng , Wang Yi , Miao Xinrui , Li Bang , Deng Wenli
Published: March 2021

5,10-BTD-C14 molecules display self-assembled polymorphism in different bromo-hydrocarbons with different solution concentrations at the liquid/solid interface.
Iodide ion receptors: shape-persistent macrocycles of syn/anti configurations
Authors: Zhang Guang-Wei , Xiang Jia-Yin , Zhong Tao-Tao , Zhi Xin-Ru , Gao Chuang , Huang Wei , Yuan Shuai , Xie Ling-Hai , Huang Wei
Published: March 2021

A local induced fit mechanism following a conformational selection in the recognition of iodide anions is reported.
The fabrication and characterization of a supramolecular Cu-based metallogel thin-film based Schottky diode
Authors: Kumar Vivek , Upadhyay Rishibrind Kumar , Bano Daraksha , Chandra Subhash , Kumar Deepak , Jit Satyabrata , Hasan Syed Hadi
Published: March 2021

The synthesis of a Cu–H4L metallogel and its application in the fabrication of a Schottky diode are illustrated.
Synthesis and structure of thienyl Fischer carbene complexes of PtII for application in alkyne hydrosilylation
Authors: Lamprecht Zandria , Malan Frederick P. , Lotz Simon , Bezuidenhout Daniela I.
Published: March 2021

Efficient alkyne hydrosilylation mediated by well-defined platinum(ii) bis(ethoxycarbene) complexes of the Fischer-type prepared by facile transmetallation.
Potential of dibenzo-18-crown-6-ether derivatives as a corrosion inhibitor on mild steel in HCl medium: electrochemical and computational approaches
Authors: Paul Priya Kumari , Yadav Mahendra , Obot I. B.
Published: March 2021

The corrosion inhibition behaviour of the macrocyclic dibenzo-18-crown-6 derivatives BOH and OHB was investigated experimentally and theoretically on mild steel in a 15% hydrochloric acid medium.
Red phosphorus embedded in TiO2/C nanofibers to enhance the potassium-ion storage performance
Authors: Su Die , Dai Jing , Yang Min , Wen Jiaxing , Yang Jianping , Liu Wen , Hu Hai , Liu Li , Feng Yan
Published: March 2021

TiO2-RP/CN was fabricated and found to possess a special structure and an excellent electronic conductivity, and the electrodes show outstanding energy storage in K half/full cells.
Nuclease-resistant signaling nanostructures made entirely of DNA oligonucleotides
Authors: Li Congcong , Luo Shasha , Wang Jue , Shen Zhifa , Wu Zai-Sheng
Published: March 2021

The recent advances in the development of nuclease-resistant DNA nanostructures with different geometrical shapes and their biological applications in cellular imaging and targeted drug delivery are summarized in this review.
Protein corona-guided tumor targeting therapy via the surface modulation of low molecular weight PEG
Authors: Cui Teng , Ma Yu , Yang Jian-Yong , Liu Shang , Wang Zhenzhen , Zhang Fenfen , Wang Jing , Cai Ting , Dong Lei , Hong Jin , Qian Hai , Zhang Can , Ding Ya
Published: March 2021

Modulating the nature of protein corona on the surface of a nanomedicine via low molecular weight polyethylene glycol provides a new perspective for the regulation of nanomedicine functions such as the protein corona-guided tumor targeted therapy.
A target-triggered and self-calibration aptasensor based on SERS for precise detection of a prostate cancer biomarker in human blood
Authors: Wu Qiong , Chen Guannan , Qiu Sufang , Feng Shangyuan , Lin Duo
Published: March 2021

A target-triggered and self-calibration aptasensor based on SERS was developed for precise detection of a prostate cancer biomarker in human blood.
Selective manipulation of peptide orientation on hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets
Authors: Brljak Nermina , Jin Ruitao , Walsh Tiffany R. , Knecht Marc R.
Published: March 2021

Modification of h-BN binding peptides can manipulate peptide orientation and overlayer viscoelasticity.
Sulfur-controlled and rhodium-catalyzed formal (3 + 3) transannulation of thioacyl carbenes with alk-2-enals and mechanistic insights
Authors: Wu Qiuyue , Dong Ziyang , Xu Jiaxi , Yang Zhanhui
Published: March 2021

A rhodium-catalyzed denitrogenative formal (3 + 3) transannulation of 1,2,3-thiadiazoles with alk-2-enals is achieved and a mechanistic investigation is performed, with an inverse KIE of 0.49 obtained.
Hexavalent thiofucosides to probe the role of the Aspergillus fumigatus lectin FleA in fungal pathogenicity
Authors: Dussouy Christophe , Lalys Pierre-Alban , Cabanettes Aurore , Lehot Victor , Deniaud David , Gillon Emilie , Balloy Viviane , Varrot Annabelle , Gouin Sébastien G.
Published: March 2021

We designed hexavalent antagonists of the fucose-binding protein FleA from the pathogenic fungi A. fumigatus. An optimized chemical probe further evidenced the role of FleA in a fungistatic process mediated by epithelial cells.
Conversion of esters to thioesters under mild conditions
Authors: Shi Yijun , Liu Xuejing , Cao Han , Bie Fusheng , Han Ying , Yan Peng , Szostak Roman , Szostak Michal , Liu Chengwei
Published: March 2021

We report conversion of esters to thioesters via selective C–O bond cleavage/weak C–S bond formation under transition-metal-free conditions.
Slow magnetic relaxation in dinuclear dysprosium and holmium phenoxide bridged complexes: a Dy2single molecule magnet with a high energy barrier
Authors: Fondo Matilde , Corredoira-Vázquez Julio , García-Deibe Ana M. , Sanmartín-Matalobos Jesús , Gómez-Coca Silvia , Ruiz Eliseo , Colacio Enrique
Published: March 2021

High axiality in double unsupported phenoxide-bridged DyIIIand HoIIIcomplexes promotes slow relaxation of magnetisation and highUeffof the dysprosium derivative.
Gold-catalyzed [5 + 2]-annulations of 1,3-diyn-1-amides with anthranils bearing no C(6)-substituents
Authors: Pandit Yashwant Bhaskar , Jiang Yan-Ting , Jian Jia-Jyun , Chen Tai-Chi , Kuo Tung-Chun , Cheng Mu-Jeng , Liu Rai-Shung
Published: March 2021

This work reports the gold-catalyzed [5 + 2]-annulations of commonly used anthranils with 1,3-diynamides, yielding quiniline oxides as the main products.
Correction: Reversible fluorescence modulation through the photoisomerization of an azobenzene-bridged perylene bisimide cyclophane
Authors: Ouyang Guanghui , Bialas David , Würthner Frank
Published: March 2021

Correction for ‘Reversible fluorescence modulation through the photoisomerization of an azobenzene-bridged perylene bisimide cyclophane’ by Guanghui Ouyang et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/D0QO01635G.
A photo-driven metallo-supramolecular stress-free reversible shape memory polymer
Authors: Chen Guancong , Jin Binjie , Zhao Qian , Xie Tao
Published: March 2021

Crosslinking of a crystalline network via metal ligand interactions gave rise to programmable actuation via a reversible shape memory effect. Simultaneously, the metallo-bonds offer remote light powering capability using their photo-thermal ability.
Scheduling multi–mode resource–constrained tasks of automated guided vehicles with an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Xiao Xiangjie , Pan Yaohui , Lv Lingling , Shi Yanjun
Published: March 2021

A modified particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach is presented for the multi‐mode resource‐constrained scheduling problem of automated guided vehicle (AGV) tasks. Various constraints in the scheduling process of the AGV system are analysed, and the types and quantities of AGVs as allocable resources are considered. The multiple‐AGV combined distribution mode and its impact on distribution tasks is also considered. Finally, a multi‐mode resource‐constrained task scheduling model is established for which the object is to minimise material delivery time. Based on the above model, the discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm that improved the basic PSO was proposed. The simulation results with the test set in PSPLIB standard library showed the effectiveness of the improved PSO algorithm.
Low‐rank constrained weighted discriminative regression for multi‐view feature learning
Authors: Zhang Chao , Li Huaxiong
Published: March 2021

In recent years, multi‐view learning has attracted much attention in the fields of data mining, knowledge discovery and machine learning, and been widely used in classification, clustering and information retrieval, and so forth. A new supervised feature learning method for multi‐view data, called low‐rank constrained weighted discriminative regression (LWDR), is proposed. Different from previous methods handling each view separately, LWDR learns a discriminative projection matrix by fully exploiting the complementary information among all views from a unified perspective. Based on least squares regression model, the high‐dimensional multi‐view data is mapped into a common subspace, in which different views have different weights in projection. The weights are adaptively updated to estimate the roles of all views. To improve the intra‐class similarity of learned features, a low‐rank constraint is designed and imposed on the multi‐view features of each class, which improves the feature discrimination. An iterative optimization algorithm is designed to solve the LWDR model efficiently. Experiments on four popular datasets, including Handwritten, Caltech101, PIE and AwA, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Design and analysis of recurrent neural network models with non‐linear activation functions for solving time‐varying quadratic programming problems
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan , Chen Liangming , Li Shuai , Stanimirović Predrag , Zhang Jiliang , Jin Long
Published: March 2021

A special recurrent neural network (RNN), that is the zeroing neural network (ZNN), is adopted to find solutions to time‐varying quadratic programming (TVQP) problems with equality and inequality constraints. However, there are some weaknesses in activation functions of traditional ZNN models, including convex restriction and redundant formulation. With the aid of different activation functions, modified ZNN models are obtained to overcome the drawbacks for solving TVQP problems. Theoretical and experimental research indicate that the proposed models are better and more effective at solving such TVQP problems.
Using the zeroth order resonance of an inter‐digital capacitive unit‐cell to design antennas for passive UHF RFID tags
Authors: Masud Muhammad Mubeen , Mitra Dipankar , Ijaz Bilal , Ullah Irfan , Braaten Benjamin D.
Published: March 2021

Meander‐line and multi‐layer antennas have been used extensively to design compact UHF radio‐frequency identification (RFID) tags; however the overall size reduction of meander‐line antennas is limited by the amount of parasitic inductance that can be introduced by each meander‐line segment and multi‐layer antennas can be too costly. In this paper, a new compact antenna topology for passive UHF RFID tags based on zeroth order resonant (ZOR) design techniques is presented. The antenna consists of lossy coplanar conductors and inter‐connected inter‐digital capacitor (IDC) unit‐cells with a ZOR frequency near the operating frequency, which is a key component in the design process because the unit‐cells chosen for the design are inductive at the operating frequency. This makes the unit‐cells very useful for antenna miniaturization. The new design in this work has several benefits; namely the coplanar layout can be printed on a single layer, matching inductive loops that reduce antenna efficiency are not required and ZOR analysis can be used for the design. Finally, for validation, a prototype antenna was designed with a unit‐cell ZOR resonant frequency of 900 MHz, fabricated and characterized. A maximum read‐range of 7.6 m was determined.
Modelling and stability assessment of the MMC‐HVDC energy interconnected system with the cyber delay of communication network
Authors: Cao Jingming , Dong Chaoyu , Yu Xiaodan , Wang Rui , Xiao Qian , Jia Hongjie
Published: March 2021

Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are favoured in high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems because of huge energy transmission capacity and few harmonics. However, the complicated control and the intricate communication network introduce cyber delay that affects the system dynamics. The communication structure is discussed and delay components are studied. The authors derive the MMC‐HVDC system model considering the cyber delay effect. Padé approximation is utilised to transform the transcendental characteristic equation of the delay model into an algebraic equation so that the dynamics can be observed through the eigenvalues. The comparison between the established model and the simulation in Simulink validates the proposed model's accuracy. The exact delay margin and the root cause of losing the stability are also discussed. The results show that the model is able to obtain the delay margin with a tiny error caused by the omitted high‐order harmonics and the cyber delay destabilises the system by lowering the controller performances.
Intelligent diagnosis of cascaded H‐bridge multilevel inverter combining sparse representation and deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: Du Bolun , He Yigang , Zhang Chaolong
Published: March 2021

Effective fault diagnosis for cascaded H‐bridge multilevel inverter (CHMLI) can reduce failure rate and prevent the unscheduled shutdown. Nevertheless, traditional signal‐based feature extraction and feature selection methods show poor distinguishability for insufficient fault features in a one‐dimensional space. The shallow learning models are prone to fall into local extremum, slow convergence speed and overfitting. To cope with these problems, a novel image‐oriented fault diagnosis strategy based on sparse representation (SR) and deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) is proposed for CHMLI. Initially, Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) is applied to obtain the HHT spectral images of original monitoring signals, where these images comprehensively represent the features with detailed information of multiple domains on the time‐frequency plane. Furthermore, an image fusion method based on the SR algorithm is employed on these spectral images of the same fault category to construct fused feature images, which effectively reflects the complicated relationships between the measured signals and fault features. Ultimately, the DCNN models can not only mine the relationship between the various fault categories and the different fused feature images but also can alleviate the problem of overfitting that is caused by the limited availability of training samples.
Short circuit detection and driving control with no blanking time for high voltage high power insulated gate bipolar transistors
Authors: Huang Xianjin , Li Xin , Wang Fengchuan , Liu Yixin , Sun Hu
Published: March 2021

Insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) short‐circuit (SC) protection is one of the most important protection methods for IGBT converter equipment. The fast detection and protection response time could reduce the permanent damage of devices, and extend their use life cycle. At present, the collector emitter voltage vce desaturation method is widely used in the commercial IGBT drive circuit, which has blanking time of fault detection and protection. In this paper, an improved adaptive vce SC detection and protection is proposed to realize the blanking time adjustment under different SC conditions. By the determination of the di/dt characteristics of the current variation on the parasitic inductance between the power emitter and the Kelvin emitter of IGBT modules, the execution time of the two detection methods can be set. According to the switch process and the SC type, the corresponding logic processing will be carried out to realize the fast detection of different SC conditions. The circuit scheme without blanking time detection and protection is designed, and the circuit is modelled and simulated by Pspice. The IGBT driving circuit SC test without blanking time detection and soft turn‐off protection has been carried out. Simulation and test results can verify the feasibility of the proposed circuit.
Open‐switch fault diagnosis in voltage source inverters of PMSM drives using predictive current errors and fuzzy logic approach
Authors: Gmati Badii , Jlassi Imed , Khojet El Khil Sejir , Marques Cardoso Antonio J.
Published: March 2021

In critical industrial applications fault diagnosis and fault tolerance are considered key features, in order to ensure the required reliability and availability levels. In this context, this paper proposes a new and effective diagnostic algorithm for power semiconductors open‐circuit faults, in three‐phase, two‐level, voltage‐source inverter‐fed permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The proposed method is based on the analysis of the errors between the reference currents and the PMSM stator predictive currents. Hence, for each phase of the PMSM two fault diagnostic variables have been defined, which allow the diagnosis of both single and multiple open‐circuit faults. The fuzzy logic approach is applied to the fault diagnostic variables in order to identify the faulty power switches. The method is experimentally validated on a model predictive controlled (MPC) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive, which shows the effectiveness of the fault diagnosis algorithm with a high robustness regarding the operating point and parameter variations of the PMSM drive system.
LVRT capability based on P‐V curve fitting under partial shading conditions
Authors: Jervekani Mehdi Kazemi , Niroomand Mehdi , Madani Seyed Mohammad
Published: March 2021

The new generation of photovoltaic (PV) systems represents higher sustainability during grid faults thanks to increased ancillary services, such as low voltage ride‐through (LVRT) capability used when the PV system is subjected to voltage sag. Unlike previously presented strategies that just dealt with voltage sag problem under uniform radiation conditions, in this study, a new control strategy implementing LVRT capability during low‐voltage faults under partial shading conditions is proposed. First, radiation levels are estimated by using the least‐squares curve fitting (LSCF) algorithm. Second, the voltage/current of maximum power points (MPPs) and minimum power points are calculated. Also, the corresponding algebraic function for the (Power ‐ Voltage) P‐V curve is extracted using only PV voltage and power vectors. Finally, under partial shading conditions, the moving operating point to the right side of MPP is well‐achieved through a power proportional‐integral controller. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, simulations and experiments are conducted on PV systems. The simulation and experimental results and the comparison made between this algorithm's performance and other methods confirm that the proposed algorithm outperforms other methods in terms of high accuracy, fast dynamic and low oscillations in different partial shading conditions and with different radiations.
Evaluation method for moisture content of oil‐paper insulation based on segmented frequency domain spectroscopy: From curve fitting to machine learning
Authors: Yao Huanmin , Mu Haibao , Ding Ning , Zhang Daning , Liang ZhaoJie , Tian Jie , Zhang Guanjun
Published: March 2021

In recent years, frequency domain spectroscopy (FDS) is often used to evaluate oil paper insulation state in power transformer bushing. But it is still very difficult to evaluate the moisture content accurately and quickly. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes an intelligent algorithm based on random forest regression (RFR) to construct an efficient evaluation method through segmented FDS curves. Furthermore, the characteristics of FDS curves were studied and the intelligent method was compared with support vector regression (SVR) and deep neural networks (DNN). The results show that the dielectric loss, the real part and imaginary part of complex capacitance all move upward with the moisture increasing, so they can be used as the input feature of the evaluation model; The moisture content evaluation accuracy of the RFR model in the whole frequency band is higher than that of SVR and DNN models; With the increase of lower cut off frequency (FDS test stop frequency), the FDS test time is greatly shortened, and the accuracy of the RFR model can still meet the evaluation requirements. Therefore, the data in a compromise frequency band can be used to evaluate the moisture content of oil paper insulation accurately and quickly.
Analysis of the influence of device‐to‐device communication on the access terminal of electric power data communication network
Authors: Cui Mingshi , Liu Shimin , Sun Tianzi , Du Na
Published: March 2021

The expansion of the electric power communication network year by year has enabled a large number of intelligent terminals to be accessed exponentially. Massive intelligent terminals connected to the power communication network have a huge processing demand, which causes a heavy maintenance burden on the equipment of communication networks. In order to solve this problem, this study proposes a flexible communication mechanism based on the device‐to‐device (D2D) technique for the intelligent terminals to deal with the processing pressure of massive information in the network. This proposed mechanism introduces where and how to use the D2D technique. In this study, this communication mechanism makes terminals give a high priority to transferring the information of important services. The D2D communication model is formulated for this communication mechanism, and the influence of different conditions on the D2D communication is analysed. The D2D communication mechanism is simulated to optimise the existing network indexes, such as traffic and sum of service level.
Image semantic segmentation method based on GAN network and ERFNet model
Authors: Dong Chaoxian
Published: March 2021

This article addresses the problems of traditional methods in image semantic segmentation, such as insufficient segmentation of small‐scale targets and weak anti‐noise ability. A method of image semantic segmentation using a generative adversarial network (GAN) combined with ERFNet model is proposed. First, the asymmetric residual module (ARM) and weak bottleneck module are used to improve the ERFNet network model. Moreover, dilated convolution is used to reduce information loss and improve the performance of small target image semantic segmentation. Then, a U‐shaped network is used to improve the generator of GAN to avoid low‐level information sharing. In addition, the residual module is introduced into convolution layer to realise the dynamic adjustment of generator weight. Finally, the improved ERFNet model is used as the input of the generator to output the segmented image. It is input to the discriminator together with the label for judgment, which further improves the performance of image semantic segmentation. The proposed method is demonstrated experimentally based on the PyTorch platform. The results show that mean pixel accuracy and mean intersection over the union of the proposed method on the CamVid and Cityscapes datasets are higher than those of other comparisons. In addition, the execution time is short, and the overall image semantic segmentation performance is relatively ideal.
Study on the drying characteristics of rice by microwave and hot air drying
Authors: Ling Fangqing , Sun Tongsheng
Published: March 2021

This study presents the experimental methods of microwave drying and hot air drying of rice to simultaneously improve the dry storage effect of rice, reduce the mouldy and spoilage of rice, and measure the moisture content, water activity and temperature changes. A thermal imaging camera was used to photograph the temperature distribution of rice at different times to study the changing law of rice drying characteristics and analyse the relationship between rice water activity and drying speed. Results show that the changes in the moisture content and water activity of rice are inversely proportional with time. A 400 W microwave drying has a more pronounced heating effect on rice than 850 W hot air drying. The efficiency of the first 20 min of rice drying is better than that of the last 20 min. The highest temperature of 40°C was reached after microwave drying for 8 min, while nearly 40°C was reached after hot air drying for 56 min. These results can be applied to further analyse the influence of different drying methods on rice water activity and guide the reduction of bacterial propagation in rice and the improvement of the quality of rice. This work provides a theoretical basis for choosing the optimal drying method.
On IP2 impact to nonlinear distortion of RF amplifiers
Authors: Yang Xianzhen , Li Shiyu , Yan Siyuan , Li Fu
Published: March 2021

The second‐order distortion, often using second‐order intercept point (IP2) as an indicator, has been considered easy to be filtered in narrowband radio frequency (RF) communications because it is located far away from the passband of transmitted signals. However, with rapidly increased applications in wideband RF communications, the second‐order intermodulation (IM) might become important, partially evidenced by the increased appearances of IP2 in the amplifier datasheets in recent years. In this article, a power spectrum model of the second‐order IM is derived to quantify the second‐order distortion using the IP2. This model could be used to determine under what conditions, in terms of the relation between the carrier frequency and bandwidth, the second‐order IM will affect the passband or the adjacent bands or other applications, using three types of frequency scenarios. These discussions are beneficial for RF engineers and spectrum planners to predict interferences from second‐order IM. The experimental measurement at the end of the article validates the spectrum model.
Strong detection of the CMB lensing and galaxy weak lensing cross-correlation from ACT-DR4,PlanckLegacy, and KiDS-1000
Authors: Robertson Naomi Clare , Alonso David , Harnois-Déraps Joachim , Darwish Omar , Kannawadi Arun , Amon Alexandra , Asgari Marika , Bilicki Maciej , Calabrese Erminia , Choi Steve K. , Devlin Mark J. , Dunkley Jo , Dvornik Andrej , Erben Thomas , Ferraro Simone , Fortuna Maria Cristina , Giblin Benjamin , Han Dongwon , Heymans Catherine , Hildebrandt Hendrik , Hill J. Colin , Hilton Matt , Ho Shuay-Pwu P. , Hoekstra Henk , Hubmayr Johannes , Hughes John P. , Joachimi Benjamin , Joudaki Shahab , Knowles Kenda , Kuijken Konrad , Madhavacheril Mathew S. , Moodley Kavilan , Miller Lance , Namikawa Toshiya , Nati Federico , Niemack Michael D. , Page Lyman A. , Partridge Bruce , Schaan Emmanuel , Schillaci Alessandro , Schneider Peter , Sehgal Neelima , Sherwin Blake D. , Sifón Cristóbal , Staggs Suzanne T. , Tröster Tilman , van Engelen Alexander , Valentijn Edwin , Wollack Edward J. , Wright Angus H. , Xu Zhilei
Published: March 2021

We measured the cross-correlation between galaxy weak lensing data from the Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS-1000, DR4) and cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT, DR4) and thePlanckLegacy survey. We used two samples of source galaxies, selected with photometric redshifts, (0.1 < zB < 1.2) and (1.2 < zB < 2), which produce a combined detection significance of the CMB lensing and weak galaxy lensing cross-spectrum of 7.7σ. With the lower redshift galaxy sample, for which the cross-correlation was detected at a significance of 5.3σ, we present joint cosmological constraints on the matter density parameter, Ωm, and the matter fluctuation amplitude parameter,σ8, marginalising over three nuisance parameters that model our uncertainty in the redshift and shear calibration as well as the intrinsic alignment of galaxies. We find our measurement to be consistent with the best-fitting flat ΛCDM cosmological models from bothPlanckand KiDS-1000. We demonstrate the capacity of CMB weak lensing cross-correlations to set constraints on either the redshift or shear calibration by analysing a previously unused high-redshift KiDS galaxy sample (1.2 < zB < 2), with the cross-correlation detected at a significance of 7σ. This analysis provides an independent assessment for the accuracy of redshift measurements in a regime that is challenging to calibrate directly owing to known incompleteness in spectroscopic surveys.
Abstract nonlinear sensitivity and turnpike analysis and an application to semilinear parabolic PDEs
Authors: Grüne Lars , Schaller Manuel , Schiela Anton
Published: March 2021

We analyze the sensitivity of the extremal equations that arise from the first order necessary optimality conditions of nonlinear optimal control problems with respect to perturbations of the dynamics and of the initial data. To this end, we present an abstract implicit function approach with scaled spaces. We will apply this abstract approach to problems governed by semilinear PDEs. In that context, we prove an exponential turnpike result and show that perturbations of the extremal equation’s dynamics,e.g., discretization errors decay exponentially in time. The latter can be used for very efficient discretization schemes in a Model Predictive Controller, where only a part of the solution needs to be computed accurately. We showcase the theoretical results by means of two examples with a nonlinear heat equation on a two-dimensional domain.
Perioperatives Management: vom OP in den Aufwachraum/auf die Station
Authors: Martin Christoph
Published: March 2021

Die postoperative Phase hat in der modernen operativen Medizin bei zunehmendem operativem Spektrum an komplex vorerkrankten Patienten eine wachsende Bedeutung. Das räumliche Korrelat ist der Aufwachraum – seine personelle und räumliche Struktur muss ein Mindestmaß erfüllen und den vorliegenden operativen Strukturen gerecht werden. Gute interdisziplinäre und interprofessionelle Kommunikation sowie eine gesunde Fehlermeldekultur sind essenziell.
Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz und Betriebliches Eingliederungsmanagement in Deutschland – Ein systematisches Review zum Umsetzungsstand gesetzlicher Vorgaben
Authors: Lösch Regina , Amler Nadja , Drexler Hans
Published: March 2021

Ziel der Studie Zur Frage der Umsetzung der gesetzlichen Vorgaben im Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz sowie im Betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagement in Deutschland weisen einzelne Studien aus den letzten Jahren auf teilweise erhebliche Mängel hin. Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist eine nach Unternehmensgrößen und im Zeitverlauf differenzierte, quantitative Analyse der Erfüllung gesetzlicher Vorgaben im betrieblichen Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz sowie im Betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagement in deutschen Betrieben.

Methodik Es wurde im Oktober 2019 in den Datenbanken PubMed, PsycInfo und WISO eine systematische Literaturrecherche deutsch- und englischsprachiger, repräsentativer Befragungen zu Umsetzungsquoten des Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutzes sowie des Betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagements in Deutschland durchgeführt. Ein Update der Studienlage erfolgte im Oktober 2020. Querverweise sowie graue Literatur wurde ebenfalls in die Suche mit einbezogen. Die Bewertung erfolgte durch 2 unabhängige Gutachter.

Ergebnisse Es konnten 16 relevante Studien identifiziert werden. Für die arbeitsmedizinische und sicherheitstechnische Betreuung zeigt sich im Zeitverlauf ein leichter Rückgang der Umsetzungsquoten. Hinsichtlich des Betreuungsmodells lässt sich feststellen, dass mit steigender Mitarbeiterzahl sowohl die Regelbetreuung als auch die bedarfsorientierte Betreuung zunimmt. Im Zeitverlauf und über alle Unternehmensgrößen hinweg steigen die Umsetzungsquoten der Gefährdungsbeurteilung (inkl. Beurteilung psychischer Belastungen) kontinuierlich an. Auch die Umsetzungsquoten der Betriebsbegehungen und des Betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagements können über die Zeit einen Zuwachs verzeichnen.

Schlussfolgerung Trotz steigender Umsetzungsraten in vielen Teilbereichen des betrieblichen Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutzes bzw. des Betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagements innerhalb der letzten 20 Jahre zeigt sich insgesamt, dass eine flächendeckende Umsetzung gesetzlicher Vorgaben noch nicht erreicht ist. Für die zukünftige Konzeption von Studien in diesem Bereich indizieren die Ergebnisse eine Vereinheitlichung der methodischen Vorgehensweisen. Für den Erhalt der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit der Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer stellt die Umsetzung gesetzlicher Vorgaben eine wichtige Voraussetzung dar.
Structure, Bonding, and Photoaffinity Labeling Applications of Dialkyldiazirines
Authors: Ondrus Alison E. , Zhang Tianyi
Published: March 2021

Dialkyldiazirine photoaffinity probes are unparalleled tools for the study of small molecule–protein interactions. Here we summarize the basic principles of structure, bonding, and photoreactivity of dialkyldiazirines, current methods for their synthesis, and their practical application in photoaffinity labeling experiments. We demonstrate the unique utility of dialkyldiazirine probes in the context of our recent photoaffinity crosslinking-mass spectrometry analysis to reveal a hidden cholesterol binding site in the Hedgehog morphogen proteins.

1 Introduction

2 Structure, Bonding, and Spectral Properties

3 Photoreactivity

4 Synthesis

5 Application in Photoaffinity Labeling

6 Discovery of a Cholesterol–Hedgehog Protein Interface

7 Conclusions and Outlook
Feasible and Effective Language Intervention Strategies that Accelerate Students' Academic Achievement
Authors: Kelley Elizabeth , Spencer Trina D.
Published: March 2021

Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who work in schools are responsible for delivering intervention that improves language abilities but has an impact on academic outcomes. To accomplish this, SLPs need feasible and effective strategies that can be readily incorporated into clinical practice. In this article, we describe two ways that SLPs can deliver intervention that can improve language abilities and academic outcomes: choosing academic language targets and providing language intervention contextualized in the academic curriculum.
Three-Dimensional Virtual Reality Simulation to Safe Planning Neurosurgical Procedure in Brain Aneurysms, Latin American Single-Center Experience: Advantages and Limitations
Authors: Zárate-Méndez Antonio M. , Ramos-Delgado José M. , Lujan-Guerra Juan C. , Rio-Olivares Carlos D. , Moreira-Ponce Luis E. , Aceves-Chimal José L.
Published: March 2021

Background The neurosurgical approach to clipping cerebral aneurysms has been a complex challenge for all neurosurgeon experts in cerebrovascular surgery. The three-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3D-CTA) allows identifying bone and vascular structures close to an aneurysm to simulate in virtual 3D images, the appropriate and safest approach to cerebral aneurysm clipping.

Objectives This study aims to share our experience using 3D simulation as a support to the safe planning for cerebrovascular disease surgery.

Materials and Methods We reviewed the surgical outcomes from a cerebrovascular neurosurgeon using the 3D-CTA images in 360-degree reconstruction in the planning of the preoperative surgical procedure for the treatment of brain aneurysm. In all patients, the virtual surgical approach was replicated in real-time surgery.

Results We analyzed 34 patients around 51 ± 8 years of age. Of these, 76.5% (n = 26) and 23.5% (n = 8) were males and females, respectively. Saccular aneurysms were the most frequent (85%), the Arteries affected by aneurysms were middle cerebral artery (n = 6), basilar tip (n = 6), vertebral artery in V3 and V4 (n = 6), and posterior cerebral artery (n = 5). The virtual surgical pterional approach was the most frequently used (50%), followed by fronto-orbito-zigomático (29%) and far lateral (15%) approaches. There were no intraoperative complications in any patient.

Conclusion Preoperative 3D virtual reality simulation is a great support tool to perform a safe surgical procedure in real-time for the treatment of simple and complex brain aneurysms.
Management and Early Outcomes of Neonates Born to Women with SARS-CoV-2 in 16 U.S. Hospitals
Authors: Congdon Jayme L. , Kair Laura R. , Flaherman Valerie J. , Wood Kelly E. , LoFrumento Mary Ann , Nwaobasi-Iwuh Eberechi , Phillipi Carrie A. ,   on behalf of the Better Outcomes through Research for Newborns (BORN) Network
Published: March 2021

Objective There is a paucity of evidence to guide the clinical care of late preterm and term neonates born to women with perinatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The objective of this case series is to describe early neonatal outcomes and inpatient management in U.S. hospitals.

Study Design We solicited cases of mother–infant dyads affected by novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from the Better Outcomes through Research for Newborns (BORN) Network members. Using a structured case template, participating sites contributed deidentified, retrospective birth hospitalization data for neonates ≥35 weeks of gestation at birth with mothers who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 before delivery. We describe demographic and clinical characteristics, clinical management, and neonatal outcomes.

Results Sixteen U.S. hospitals contributed 70 cases. Birth hospitalizations were uncomplicated for 66 (94%) neonates in which 4 (6%) required admission to a neonatal intensive care unit. None required evaluation or treatment for infection, and all who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 were negative (n = 57). Half of the dyads were colocated (n = 34) and 40% directly breastfed (n = 28). Outpatient follow-up data were available for 13 neonates, all of whom remained asymptomatic.

Conclusion In this multisite case series of 70 neonates born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection, clinical outcomes were overall good, and there were no documented neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections. Clinical management was largely inconsistent with contemporaneous U.S. COVID-19 guidelines for nursery care, suggesting concerns about the acceptability and feasibility of those recommendations. Longitudinal studies are urgently needed to assess the benefits and harms of current practices to inform evidence-based clinical care and aid shared decision-making.

Key Points
Effects of Placental Transfusion on Late Preterm Infants Admitted to a Mother–Baby Unit
Authors: Chiruvolu Arpitha , George Reshma , Stanzo Karen C. , Kindla Cassandra M. , Desai Sujata
Published: March 2021

Objective Well-appearing late preterm infants admitted to a mother baby unit may benefit from either delayed cord clamping (DCC) or umbilical cord milking (UCM). However, there are concerns of adverse effects of increased blood volume such as polycythemia and hyperbilirubinemia. The purpose of this study is to examine the short-term effects of placental transfusion on late preterm infants born between 350/7 and 366/7 weeks of gestation.

Study Design In this pre- and postimplementation retrospective cohort study, we compared late preterm infants who received placental transfusion (161 infants, DCC/UCM group) during a 2-year period after guideline implementation (postimplementation period: August 1, 2017, to July 31, 2019) to infants who had immediate cord clamping (118 infants, ICC group) born during a 2-year period before implementation (preimplementation period: August 1, 2015, to July 31, 2017).

Results The mean hematocrit after birth was significantly higher in the DCC/UCM group. Fewer infants had a hematocrit <40% after birth in the DCC/UCM group compared with the ICC group. The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia needing phototherapy, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, or readmissions to the hospital for phototherapy was similar between the groups. Fewer infants in the DCC/UCM group were admitted to the NICU primarily for respiratory distress. Symptomatic polycythemia did not occur in either group. Median hospital length of stay was 3 days for both groups.

Conclusion Placental transfusion (DCC or UCM) in late preterm infants admitted to a mother baby unit was not associated with increased incidence of hyperbilirubinemia needing phototherapy, symptomatic polycythemia, NICU admissions, or readmissions to the hospital for phototherapy.

Key Points
The Performance of Opposition Parties in Competitive Authoritarian Regimes: Three Case Studies from the Western Balkans
Authors: Laštro Claudia , Bieber Florian
Published: March 2021

This article investigates opposition to the competitive authoritarian regimes in Montenegro (1997–2020), North Macedonia (2006–2017), and Serbia (2012–). In each of the three countries, opposition parties face or have faced the challenge of competing on an electoral playing field that is structurally skewed in favour of the incumbent. The articles explore the question in which circumstances opposition parties have been able to contest the dominant parties. In doing so, it focuses on three dimensions, namely the relationship between spatial party competition, different levels of opposition cohesion or fragmentation, as well as extra-institutional strategies of contestation. The country comparison illustrates that party systems with cross-cutting cleavages tend to produce divided patterns of contestation (Montenegro and Serbia), whereas reinforcing cleavages facilitate the coordination among different types of opposition actors (North Macedonia). Finally, large protests, rather than boycotts, prior to elections have been important factors in facilitating opposition cohesion and signalling broad support (Montenegro and North Macedonia).