bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study the Effects of Anadrol Overdose on Liver Function in Male Rats
Authors: Zigam Qassim A , Mohammed Zahraa Sami , Hossain Ahmed Obaid
Published: June 2022

Anadrol (oxymetholone) is an active androgenic anabolic steroid that has been clinically studied in numerous diseases since the 1960s. It is used in the treatment of anemia and the replacement of male sex steroids. Unfortunately, in attempts to improve physical performance, Anadrol could be misused by athletes, that can lead to poisoning contributes to hepatotoxicity.
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of anadrol on the liver function in rat model, via assessment of liver enzymes and histopathological study.
A forty male rats, weights about (200-300 gm), aged 8-12 weeks, after acclimatization, the rats were ‎randomly divided into four groups (10 rats in each group) as follow: control group (in which all rats were administered normal saline (NS) via oral gavage), anadrol 10 mg/kg (Iran-Tehran Company) group (in which all rats were administered  anadrol 10mg/kg via oral gavage), anadrol 20 mg/kg group (in which all rats were administered anadrol 20mg/kg via oral gavage), and anadrol 30 mg/kg group (in which all rats were administered anadrol 30mg/kg via oral gavage), the oral administration had continued for 8 weeks in single daily dose regimen. At the end of study liver function enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase & aspartate aminotransferase were measured via chemical analysis. Then histopathological study was done on the liver tissue in the four experimental groups.
Male rats that treated with anadrol displayed high level of liver enzymes, including as alanine aminotransferase & aspartate aminotransferase, as compared with control group. On the other hand, histopathological study exhibited significant injurious changes in the hepatic tissue in anadrol groups comparing with control.
When anadrol given in high doses results in hepatic injury, that can be cleared via elevated levels of hepatic enzymes and liver histopathological changes.
The Ameliorative Effect of Fimasartan against Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Abd Maryam Rasheed , Faris Hassan Ali
Published: June 2022

Drug-induced acute kidney injury is a serious disorder. Oxidative stress has a key role in its initiation and progression. In this study, the possible ameliorative effect of fimasartan against methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated in comparison with α-tocopherol in rats. Wistar rats were allocated into six groups and treated as follows: group Ӏ received water on a daily basis for 8 successive days; group ӀӀ received methotrexate (20 mg/kg) on day 1, followed by water for 7 successive days; group ӀӀӀ received fimasartan (3 mg/kg/day) for 7 successive days; group IV received α-tocopherol (1 g/kg/day) for 7 successive days; group V received methotrexate (20 mg/kg) on day 1, followed by fimasartan (3 mg/kg/day) for 7 successive days; and group VI received methotrexate (20 mg/kg) on day 1, followed by α-tocopherol (1 g/kg/day) for 7 successive days. Finally, after euthanization of each animal by diethyl ether, the samples were collected for analysis. Administration of fimasartan and α-tocopherol resulted in a significant decline in serum creatinine and urea, a significant reduction of renal malondialdehyde, and a significant elevation of renal superoxide dismutase-1 compared to the methotrexate-treated rats. In conclusion, fimasartan has ameliorative effects, comparable to those of α-tocopherol, on methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
Adverse childhood experiences, military adversities, and adult health outcomes among female Veterans in the UK
Authors: Williamson Charlotte , Baumann Julia , Murphy Dominic
Published: June 2022

LAY SUMMARY

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are highly stressful events or situations that occur in childhood and adolescence. Childhood adversities can lead to several negative outcomes in adulthood, including poor physical and mental health. Military populations often report a high number of childhood adversities. Research on ACEs that focuses specifically on female Veterans is lacking. The current study explored the relationships among ACEs, military adversities, and adult health outcomes in female army Veterans in the United Kingdom. In total, 750 female army Veterans completed an online survey containing questions about childhood experiences and military adversities, as well as physical and mental health in adulthood. A large percentage of female army Veterans reported at least one ACE, including emotional and physical abuse. Experience of childhood adversities was most strongly linked to experiencing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in adulthood and experiences of emotional bullying, sexual harassment, and assault during military service.
How do legacy and digital media curate coronavirus content. An assessment of newsletters from the USA and four European countries
Authors: Guallar Javier , Franch Pere , Boté-Vericad Juan-José , Anton Laura
Published: June 2022

This study focuses on the curation of newsletters specialized in Covid-19 news from the mass media of France, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the USA. The newsletters of 21 media outlets –15 traditional and six digital natives– were studied during the peaks of the pandemic in April and November 2020. The study follows an evaluative method of curation quality, based on the analysis of the following parameters: number of curated contents, time range, origin, sources –according to organization type and morphology–, authorship, sense-making techniques, and hyperlink informational function. The results identify the main characteristics of news curation in these newsletters and their differences from general newsletters, as well as the sources used, and also make it possible to establish curation quality standings and to identify differences between countries and among legacy and pure digital news outlets.
Pilot testing for long-term impact of glycerol-induced acute kidney injury on oxalate homeostasis in rats
Authors: Stepanova Natalia , Tolstanova Ganna , Akulenko Iryna , Nepomnyashchyi Valentyn , Savchenko Svitlana , Zholos Alexander , Kolesnyk Mykola
Published: June 2022

Abstract. There is a general lack of research on the long-term effects of acute kidney injury (AKI) on oxalate-degrading bacteria (ODB) and their total oxalate-degrading activity (ODA) in fecal microbiota. In the present pilot study, we separately evaluated the changes in the ODB number and their total ODA in fecal microbiota at 3-time points after glycerol-induced AKI. In addition, we assessed the interactions between AKI-induced renal histopathological changes and ODB, total fecal ODA, and plasma and urine oxalate concentrations in rats.

Methods. The male Wistar rats (200-300 g, n = 20) on oxalate-free diet were randomly divided into 2 groups. After 24-h of water deprivation, experimental group 1 (n = 10) received an intramuscular injection of 50% glycerol (10 ml/kg of body weight), and group 2 (n = 10) served as a control. The numbers of ODB (incubated in a highly selective Oxalate Medium and determined using the culture method), total fecal ODA and urinary oxalate (UOx) excretion were measured after injection on days 8, 22 and 70. The method of redoximetric titration with a KMnO4 solution was adopted to evaluate total ODA in fecal microbiota. Renal injury was assessed by histopathology examination, serum creatinine plasma oxalic acid (POx) concentration and daily proteinuria levels after removing the animals from the experiment on day 70.

Results. After glycerol injection on days 8 and 22, no differences were found in the numbers of ODB, their total fecal ODA, and UOx excretion level between the experimental and control groups. However, after AKI initiation on day 70, the numbers of ODB, total fecal ODA, and daily UOx excretion were significantly lower in the experimental group as compared with the control group. In addition, in 10 weeks following AKI, the number of ODB had a direct correlation with UOx excretion and an inverse correlation with POx and serum creatinine concentrations and daily proteinuria. Total ODA in fecal microbiota was directly associated with the percentage of renal interstitial fibrosis and the average glomerular volumes in the experimental rats.

Conclusions: AKI had long-term negative effects on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of ODB in fecal microbiota in rats. Moreover, the results of our study confirmed an increasing trend in total fecal ODA according to the aggravation of renal interstitial fibrosis and glomerular volume in rats’ kidneys. Further studies are warranted to gain more insight into the mechanism of oxalate homeostasis impairment in AKI.
COVID-19 and chronic kidney disease: peculiarities of treatment
Authors: Chernatska O. , Grek A.
Published: June 2022

Abstract.  The present study aimed to characterize the management of patients with chronic kidney disease with concomitant COVID-19. Articles published in 2019-2021 in the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar electronic databases were analyzed.

As a result of this review, the following particularities of COVID-19 treatment in chronic kidney disease could be summarized. It is obligatory to continue treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease and COVID-19. Lisinopril is considered used for avoiding the elevated renal expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Spironolactone can prevent acute lung injuries and is reasonable if the triple combination of drugs for reducing blood pressure is not effective. Low-dose rosuvastatin therapy is recommended for patients with COVID-19 and chronic kidney disease stages 3-5 treated with antiretroviral drugs such as lopinavir and ritonavir, remdesivir. Ezetimibe is reasonable to use in case of ineffective higher doses of statins and to decrease hospitalization risk.
AN EASY, EFFECTIVE AND CHEAP METHOD OF THE EUROPEAN HORNET’S ERADICATION
Authors: Pokutsa Alexander , Muzart Jacques
Published: June 2022

A cheap, versatile and effective method of hornets’ colony elimination based on the light-provoked contact of flying individuals with the 20-30% solution of NaOH is reported. Importantly, the insects survived from touching with this alkali solution transported the poison to the nest.
Gender Approach to Teaching the Ukrainian Language in the Aspect of the Education Seekers’ Professional Self-determination / Becoming
Authors: Kulyk Olena
Published: June 2022

The article focuses attention on the gender approach, which is relevant to modern education, applied to teaching education seekers, in particular teaching the Ukrainian language in terms of their professional self-determination / becoming. The research goal of the article is to analyse the problems of the gender approach in teaching basing on normative documents that govern its implementation in education; to illustrate the gender approach practical implementation to teaching the Ukrainian language in Institutions of General Secondary Education (GSE) and General Vocational and Technical Education (GVTE) in the aspect of education seekers’ professional self-determination / becoming. Methods. The research methods used by the author were observation, abstraction, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, systematization, generalization and modeling. The results. The gender approach in teaching is declared by a number of normative documents, but in the content of education, unfortunately, it is at the initial stage of implementation. With this in mind, gender-competent teachers are looking for their own ways, directions, ways, methods and techniques to solve the problem of implementing a gender approach to teaching in Ukrainian language lessons. Conclusions. The author of the article stated that it is possible to apply the gender approach in teaching the Ukrainian language only with purposeful, thoughtful, systematic and regular application of text exercises and tasks to them, which directly and covertly affirm gender equality in Ukrainian society. The author added that, in particular, this could be facilitated by adding some units such as "Introducing to the World of Professions" to Ukrainian language textbooks. Moreover the texts from the units could be used by teachers for dictations, translations or exercises to each section of the school curriculum, and for stimulating schoolboys’ and schoolgirls’ interest in independent choosing a future profession, the ways of further training, in turn it will help to overcome gender stereotypes, avoid gender asymmetry, achieve gender equality in general, be aware of gender-neutral assessment of professions, gender partnership, modernize a career guidance in General Secondary Education and General Vocational and Technical Education. The proposed article contains the examples of such texts.
Opportunities for Non-Formal Education for People With Special Educational Needs
Authors: Tkachenko Lidiia
Published: June 2022

The article deals with non-formal education as an environment for expanding the potential of the individual (intellectual, competence, creative, social) and the prospects of obtaining such education by people with special educational needs. The purpose of the article is to reveal the possibilities of non-formal education for people with special educational needs on the basis of the analysis of scientific literature. Methods. To achieve the research goal, the author used such methods as analysis of scientific literature, observation; system analysis, comparative analysis, method of classification, methods of systematization, generalization, logical analysis, analogy, analysis of personal teaching experience in pedagogical higher education establishment, comparison and interpretation of results. The results. Based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, it was found that there are a number of basic documents that define equal access to education and guarantee the provision of quality educational services to categories of people with special educational needs. Such documents regulate the issues of providing non-formal education as well. Typical forms of non-formal education are defined as various courses, interest groups and public associations. Today, the forms of non-formal education have also diversified: from traditional lectures and workshops to open educational platforms, dual forms of work (combination of training and professional activities), simulators, volunteer and educational work. Webinars are especially popular as options for free communication with specialists in certain fields, who provide available theoretical material and highlight their practical experience. Conclusions. The article notes that people with special educational needs prefer creative forms of work, because they allow them to reveal individual abilities, but today the boundaries of social realization through non-formal education have significantly expanded. The benefit of the study is that the author stated that non-formal education has unlimited opportunities in this area, which realizes the needs of individuals in acquiring knowledge in a way convenient for them. The most common forms of non-formal education are defined as various courses, webinars, online conferences and seminars, interest groups, public associations, which allows people with special educational needs to join the development of civil society and exercise their rights and freedoms.
Formation of the Medical University Student’s Professional Competence in the Study of Medical and Biological Disciplines
Authors: Batyuk Liliya , Zhernovnykova Oksana
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the concept of higher medical education institution students’ professional development in the area of professional competencies, on the example of competency-based approach and learning outcomes, the formation of which is facilitated by the discipline «Medical and Biological Physics». The process of forming system of students’ knowledge and competencies in the study of medical and biological disciplines, which include basic physical principles and approaches to the study of processes in wildlife, physical and technical principles of medical devices, the use of mathematical methods in biomedical research, form the basis of subject competences and are an integral part of the professional competence of future physicians in the field of health care, as well as the basis for studying professional-oriented natural sciences and clinical disciplines in higher medical educational institutions of Ukraine. To achieve this goal, research methods such as generalization, comparison, systematization and abstraction were used. The structure of the medical institutions future specialists’ professional competence is substantiated, that contains the relationship with the normative content of training of higher education seekers, in accordance with the requirements of the standard of the discipline being studied. It is established that the detailization of competences according to the discipline curriculum, structures, forms, methods and conditions for realization of the model of the future physicians’ professional competence formation in the process of training in higher education institutions need a further research.
Educational Potential of Folk-Stage Dance in Educational Institutions of the People's Republic of China
Authors: Bashkir Olha , Kovalenko Oksana
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the educational potential of folk dance stage adaptation in educational institutions of the People's Republic of China. The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze the educational potential of folk-stage dance in educational institutions of the People's Republic of China. In the article, on the basis of theoretical (study, analysis and generalization of pedagogical literature for comparing and contrasting different views on the selected problem, consideration of theoretical issues in order to determine the basic concepts) and systemic (abstraction and concretization for mentally highlighting a certain property or feature of the subject of research with the aim of more deep study of it and the provision of the subject of concrete expression) research methods the educational potential of folk dance stage adaptation in educational institutions of the People's Republic of China (PRC) was identified and analyzed. The results. Teaching choreographic art in the PRC involves the implementation of students' own potentials in folk art and communication, the formation of needs for positive self-realization. In this regard, the author presents four stages of educating the student’s personality in folk-stage dance classes in educational institutions of the PRC:

the formation of schoolchildren value orientation in the process of their awareness of the goals of folk stage dance adaptation (during choreography classes, namely artistic and stage dance, children values are formed reflecting the value attitude to themselves, to the country in which they live and to other nationalities and states, to labor, history and traditions);
the assimilation of social experience, knowledge, values of universal and national culture through folk-stage dancing classes (Chinese folk-stage dances are valued all over the world because of the exemplary imitation of national traditions and experience, which makes them identical with authentic, folklore and folk dances);
the formation of individual’s views, beliefs, attitudes to the norms, rules of behavior in the process of preparing and performing folk dance stage adaptation (the traditions laid down in the folk stage dances of the PRC presuppose strict adherence to the norms and rules of behavior that form young dancers’ feelings like respect, honor, devotion, which are traditional for Chinese people);
the stimulation of students to self-improvement by means of folk-stage dance (through folk-stage dances, the individual’s self-knowledge of both its physical endurance and moral stamina is realized contributing to constant self-improvement).

The authors concluded that folk-stage dance is bright, expressive and attractive event that arouses the interest of people of all ages, and due to its deep philosophical content it is considered to be effective means of educating students.
Karakterisasi keragaman dan analisis kekerabatan berdasarkan sifat agronomi jagung berwarna (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Sa’adah Firda Lailatus , Kusmiyati Florentina , Anwar Syaiful
Published: June 2022

Maize has a wide diversity. The diversity of maize exceeds that of any other species and is used and conserved by traditional maize farmers. The way to find information about maize diversity is to evaluate the maize genotype through plant characterization. Plant characteristics include observing the qualitative and quantitative traits to identify and select appropriate parental species for use in forming or developing varieties. This study aimed to examine the diversity of agronomic traits in 12 genotypes of colored maize; Meanwhile, Bonanza (sweet maize) was used as a control. An augmented design with the basic design of a completely randomized design was used as a research experiment. From the agronomic data, cluster analysis between characters was carried out based on the Euclidean distance coefficient using the MVSP application to determine the relationship between genotypes. The observations of quantitative and qualitative traits showed that the characteristics of plant height, seed color, stem color, tassel color, and cob hair had heterogeneous diversity. However, sweetness, cob color, seed type, and seed row arrangement had homogeneous diversity in the male and female flowering age characters. Based on the dendrogram results, the twelve genotypes tested and the control showed that these genotypes were different varieties in one genus, i.e., Zea L. because they had a similarity value above 80%.
The Effect of Housing Poverty on Depression among the Elderly: A Moderated Moderation Model of Family Relationship Satisfaction and Disability
Authors:   Korea Gerontological Society, Lee Ji Eun
Published: June 2022

This study was intended to determine the effect of family relationship satisfaction and disability between housing poverty and depression in the elderly, and to explore proper intervention for the elderly with or without disability. For that, we figured out the extent of housing poverty and depression in the elderly and conducted the moderated moderation analysis to determine whether the family relationship satisfaction would moderate the effect of housing poverty on depression in the elderly, and whether the disability would re-moderate the effect of family relationship satisfaction’s moderating effect. Major results of this study were as follows. First, housing poverty was found to have a significant static(+) effect on depression in the elderly. Second, family relationship satisfaction was found to moderate the static(+) effect of housing poverty on depression in elderly as an amulet(-). Third, the presence or absence of disability was found to re-moderate the family relationship satisfaction’s moderating effect as a static(+). This means that family relationship satisfaction is a strong protection resource for the elderly without disabilities, but does not function as a protection resource for the elderly with disabilities.
Experimental Study on Necessity and Effectiveness of Job Creating Project for Older Adults: Interaction Effect of Policy Framing and Age Group
Authors:   Korea Gerontological Society, Oh Joohyun , Park Yong Wan
Published: June 2022

Welfare policies for the older adults are essential to the unprepared older adults generation in an unprecedentedly fast population aged society. However, although the allocation according to demographic characteristics in welfare policies is a universal method, welfare policies focusing on older adults are seeds of the generational conflict centered on economic interests. The purpose of this study is to explore how policy framing should be taken to positively enhance the public's attitude toward the older adults’s job project, which is part of the welfare policy for the older adults. To this end, we set up and conducted a 3 policy framing (Welfare Policy vs. Economic Revitalization Policy vs. Welfare & Economic Revitalization Policy) × 2 age group (20s, 30s vs. 50s, 60s) between-subject experimental design. The result showed that people in the young age group (the 20s and 30s) positively evaluated the need for policies when presenting the goal of the policy as Welfare & Economic Revitalization Policy, compared to others. On the other hand, people in the older adults group (the 50s and 60s) evaluated the older adults job project positively regardless of policy framing but showed a relatively more favorable attitude when suggesting policies to revitalize the economy rather than welfare. In conclusion, implications for the results of analysis and the direction of public relations of welfare policies for senior citizens are suggested.
The Relationship between Hypertension and Cognitive Function among Korean Older Adults: The Moderating Role of Regular Exercise
Authors:   Korea Gerontological Society, Lim Junyub , Kim Giyeon
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effect of regular exercise on the relationship between hypertension and cognitive function among Korean older adults. Drawn from the 2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA), a total of 6,536 subjects aged 55 and older who responded to all the variables examined in this study were included in analyses. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine moderating effects of regular exercise on the relation between hypertension and cognitive function. After adjustment for covariates, older adults with hypertension reported better cognitive function and those doing regular exercise showed better cognitive function than their counterparts. The interaction between hypertension and regular exercise was significant only for those doing regular exercise(p<.01). The findings highlight the importance of regular exercise as an intervention for mitigating the association between hypertension and cognitive decline.
Catalysing Socio-Ecological Change: The Extraction and Processing of Edible Oils, 1910-1940
Authors: Veraart Frank
Published: June 2022

This article argues that histories of global north and south are interconnected and inseparable parts of the same processes that shaped different environments. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, systematic science-based commodification attributed economic and use values to natural resources. This changed western perceptions of natural environments. The commodification of plant and animal oils led to global entanglements of European production and consumption with resource extraction sites in Africa, Asia and the Antarctic. These historical accounts are often written in national frames or focused on one commodity. This article explores the global in ter- and cross linkages with and between extraction regions. The historical distribution of sustainability gains and costs was continuously negotiated through building these global supply chains. I trace socio-technical changes from 1910 to 1940, when West European margarine industries constructed the entangled global resource supply chains. This article scrutinises the contestation, tensions and outcomes, revealing the conflicting values, interests and differences in power relations between indigenous actors and the global system entanglers active in Congo, Indonesia and the Antarctic. My analysis highlights the social and ecological changes in the entangled regions, and sketches the global economic, social and ecological trade-offs of these developments.
الآثار الاجتماعية جراء تطبيق العقوبات البديلة في السياسة العقابية لدولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة
Authors: Al-Zaabi Omar Mohammed , Himat Makia Gomaa Ahmed
Published: June 2022

تسعى هذه الدراسة لتدارك أثر تطبيق العقوبات البديلة في السياسة العقابية لدولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة كأحد أشكال السياسات العقابية الحديثة فقد تختلف السياسة العقابية من دولة لأخرى من حيث مدى تلائم العقوبات المقررة من قبل المشرع مع قيم وعادات المجتمع، ومدى تحقيق العقوبات للأمن والاستقرار ومدى احتياجها للتطوير حتى تتواكب مع التطور الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والديني.

وقد تمثلت مشكلة هذا البحث في ضرورة تسليط الضوء على الآثار الاجتماعية جراء تطبيق العقوبات البديلة والتي اتخذت العديد من الأشكال كالخدمة المجتمعية والمراقبة الإلكترونية من ناحية الآثار الإيجابية والسلبية.

وتكمن أهمية الدراسة في أن المؤسسات العقابية على الرغم من تطورها وتطبيقها لأحدث الأنظمة في الإصلاح والتأهيل إلا أنها لا تتواكب مع الكثير من العقوبات سالبة الحرية قصيرة المدة وقد أظهرت سلبياتها في النتيجة المحصلة جراء تطبيقها وبالتالي وجب تطبيق بدائل لتلك العقوبات حفاظاً على أسر المحكوم عليهم والمجتمع.

وقد أظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن تطبيق العقوبات البديلة أثبت نجاحاً لا يستهان به على الرغم من عدم توافقها مع بعض الحالات لتحقيق الهدف من العقوبة في جانبي الردع الخاص والعام مثل معتادي الإجرام وأصحاب السوابق الجنائية.

ونوهت المقترحات والتوصيات بمحاولة تطبيق العقوبات البديلة على بعض العقوبات الأخرى سالبة الحرية طويلة المدة التي تحظى بحسن السير والسلوك ونقاء صحيفتهم الجنائية، أيضاً يجب تغليظ العقوبة في حال عدم الالتزام بتنفيذ العقوبات البديلة بهدف تقوية تفعيل الردع العام، من جانب آخر يجب النظر في آلية اختيار الشخصيات القابلة لتطبيق العقوبات البديلة بهدف تسهيل التطبيق من عدمه لمتخذي القرار.
Neuroprotective Effects of Vitamin D on Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Clinical Trial
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery, Functional Fellowship, Department of Neurosurgery, Orthopedic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Shafiei Sajjad , Sardar Zaheriani Mohammad ,   Resident of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Sahfizad Misagh ,   Assistant Professor Neurosurgery, Functional Fellowship, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Ehteshami Saeid ,   Assistant Professor Neurosurgery, Spine Fellowship, Department Of Neurosurgery, School Of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Mosazadeh Mahmoud ,   MPH, PhD., in Epidemiology, Associate Professor, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari,Ira, Haddadi Kaveh ,   Associate Professor of Neurosurgery, Spine Fellowship, Department of Neurosurgery, Orthopedic Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Published: June 2022

Background and Aim: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a globally-critical socioeconomic and public health problem. Introducing medications and strategies to treat and improve the prognosis of TBI is crucial. Current literature not only supports the key role of vitamin D on normal brain function, but also helps recovering from a myriad of pathologies. The present research was conducted to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of vitamin D on patients with TBI presenting to Imam Khomeini Hospital, Sari, Iran. Methods and Materials/Patients: This randomized clinical trial assigned patients with vitamin D levels of over30 ng/ml to an intervention group (n=42) and a control group (n=42), who respectively received a single dose (150,000 units) of vitamin D and a placebo upon admission. The Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) and mortality were recorded at the beginning of the study and three months after the final prescription. Results: The mean GCS score upon admission was obtained as 8.64±2.29 in the vitamin D group and 8.42±2.93 in the placebo group. This score was respectively obtained as 13.50±1.85 and 10.97±2.37 upon discharge, suggesting a significant difference as per the t-test (P=0.04).The mean Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) upon discharge was obtained as 4.24±1.51 in the intervention group and 4.10±1.40in the controls. The t-test suggested insignificant differences in the GOS between the two groups upon admission (P=0.823). After three months, the GOS respectively reaching desirable levels in 49.7% and 62.8% of cases in the placebo and intervention groups revealed statistically significant differences among the two groups (P=0.03). Conclusion: The present results showed the improving effects of vitamin D on level of consciousness and outcomes in patients with acute TBI. More studies are suggested to be performed to investigate the effects of other medications, including amantadine and methylphenidate with a larger sample size.
Herrera, M., Espinosa, J., & Orellana, V. (2021). Ruta Pedagógica 2030. OEI-Ecuador.
Authors: Balseca Córdova Lorena
Published: June 2022

Esta es una reseña del libro Ruta Pedagógica 2030 escrito por Miguel Herrera, José Espinosa, y Verónica Orellana en 2021, que se elabora como apoyo al Plan Educativo COVID-19: “Aprendemos juntos en casa” del Ministerio de Educación en cooperación con la Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura. Organizada en coherencia con el libro consta de cinco partes, las cuatro primeras que hacen referencia a los elementos y componentes del modelo pedagógico: actividad conjunta basada en la indagación, mediación docente, comunidad de aprendizaje y enfoques, contenidos y recursos y una quinta parte en la que se describe, a manera de ejemplo, la aplicación práctica ad hoc realizada en tiempos de pandemia, sobre ocho escuelas fiscales pertenecientes a varias regiones de Ecuador.
National Image in English Translation of Country Leader's New Year Greetings
Authors: Lyu Xingke
Published: June 2022

Based on Fairclough's three-dimensional critical discourse analysis model, this study investigates China's image in the English translation of the country leader's New Year Greetings from 2014 to 2021. The method of corpus linguistics is applied, and the English modal system from the systemic functional perspective is employed. The study reveals that the country's image is hardworking, enjoying good governance and social harmony, pursuing peace and development, as well as international cooperation, which can be reflected in the use of high-frequency content words, keywords, and modal verbs in the discourse. The county's image construction in the translation discourse is influenced by translators, media, and sociocultural factors.
Evaluating the Values of the Sheepish Slaves: A Synthetical Analysis of “The Lottery” and “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas” in Light of Nietzsche’s Ruminations
Authors: Kabir Nihal Farhan
Published: June 2022

“The Lottery” by Shirley Jackson and “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas” by Ursula Kroeber Le Guin are two stories depicting societies in which adhering to the traditionally imposed ‘scapegoating’ ritual ensures the prosperity of the majority of the population. Previous researches that analyzed the two texts, singularly or in tandem, predominantly emphasize the human capacity for evil as inherent in these communities through their traditions and some, admittedly, highlight the impact these traditions have on the individuals living in such communities. But no research has used the postulations of Friedrich Nietzsche in this regard. This paper intends to provide insight into this unexplored area by investigating the communities portrayed in the two stories, their respective traditional values and the community members in light of Nietzsche’s ‘master-slave morality.’ The purpose of this research is to find out how traditions exist in those communities, how these traditions are constituted by particular values, how these values are, in turn, enforced by these traditions, how those values correspond to the Nietzschean concepts, how the members represent different Nietzschean types, and how they respond to the aforementioned values. Thus, the theoretical framework is based on Nietzsche’s categorization of human beings into ‘master type and slave type’ categories as well as his theorization of ‘master-slave morality.’ Some definitional understanding of ‘tradition’, ‘master’ and ‘authority’ assist in this regard as well. The discourse of “The Lottery” as well as “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas” has been considered in light of such theoretical and conceptual understandings to assess the dynamics of the communities they depict. This paper’s investigation of the communities & the members found in “The Lottery” and “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas” shows that – traditions existing in those societies enforce particular values & these values, in turn, sustain those traditions; some of the members, e.g. – Tessie, who protests against the stoning ritual & the ones in Omelas who show dissatisfaction with the child’s cruel treatment, can be categorized to be master types as theorized by Nietzsche and the ones to comply with the scapegoating process(es) can be categorized as slave types. This adherence by the slave types and the consequential peaceful prosperity implicates the values being discussed as Nietzschean slave values. This study further shows that the scapegoating ritual(s) is imbued with a utilitarian stipulation for the ‘greater good for the greater number’ which creates a moral judgment & this moral judgment is used by the slave types to justify their complicity in the seemingly required cruelty and by the community itself to dominate the master types, as a result of which the master types are faced with a duality of choices – to accept the traditions of their communities, or to leave.
Analysis of the state of measurements, testing and environment control in production and in scientific research
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Lapa М.V. , Kravtsova S.E. ,   Sevastopol State University, Safonov V.A. ,   Sevastopol State University,   Institute of Natural and Technical Systems,   Sevastopol branch of GOIN
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the normative documentation regulating the analysis of the state of measurements, testing and environment control in organizations. Shortcomings are identified. The relevance of works on the analysis of scientific research metrological support is shown. Examples of improving the metrological support of organizations based on the results of the study of the state of measurements, testing and con-trol in the conditions of standardization and metrology centers, subdivisions of accounting for measuring instruments of enterprises are given.
Ensemble machine learning methods for Euler angles detection in an inertial navigation system
Authors:   Institute of Natural and Technical Systems, Grekov A.N. ,   Sevastopol State University, Kabanov A.A. ,   Sevastopol State University
Published: June 2022

The work is focused on increasing the reliability of navigation information of autonomous platforms used in studying oceans and seas, namely: determining the Euler angles using experimental data generated at the output of an inertial navigation system built on the basis of MEMS sensors. Two ensemble methods of machine learning are considered: majority voting (voting by the majority) and weighted majority voting. The ensembles are formed by combining three supervised learning methods: support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and decision trees. Optimization of hyperparameters of these three classifiers is performed. As a result of combining the optimized classifiers into an ensemble with a weighted majority, an increase in classification accuracy (accuracy) is obtained compared to individual algorithms: 0.92 on the training and test data sets.
Evaluation of the results of monitoring indicator algal viruses during the COVID-19 quarantine period (2020–2021)
Authors:   Institute of Natural and Technical Systems, Stepanova O.A. , Sholar S.A. ,   FRC Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS
Published: June 2022

The analysis and evaluation of the results of monitoring two indicator algal viruses of Tetraselmis viridis and Phaeodactylum tricornutum, isolated from three differing in eco-logical well-being bays of Sevastopol during the pandemic of Covid-19 (2020–2021) were carried out against of the background of the results of long-term monitoring (2002–2019). An improvement in the ecological situation of the studied bays of Sevastopol during the years of the pandemic was revealed. This is probably due to the fact that the period of the Covid-19 pandemic in the situation of restrictive and quarantine measures carried out in the city of Sevastopol was accompanied by a decrease in anthropogenic pressure and con-tributed to the improvement of the ecological status of marine areas.
Analysis of radioecological features Chernobyl accident
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Lukina L.I. , Moiseev D.V. ,   Sevastopol State University
Published: June 2022

The Chernobyl accident has become one of the largest man-made disasters with catastrophic radioecological, biomedical, socio-economic consequences. The article analyzes radioecological features of the Chernobyl accident, such as the dynamics of radioactive emissions, the composition and activity of radionuclides released into the environment, the ratio of radiocesium and radiostrontium, the forms and composition of radioactive emissions, the influence of weather conditions on the radioactive cloud spread, pollution of the 30-km zone and its transformation into an exclusion zone, auto-rehabilitation processes and rehabilitation measures for the return of alienated lands, the problem of plutonium and americium of Chernobyl origin.
Investigation of the steam-water plume of the cooling tower in the environment
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Osadchaya L.I. , Nichkova L.A. ,   Sevastopol State University, Gerasimov A.R. ,   Sevastopol State University, Shenin D.S. ,   Sevastopol State University
Published: June 2022

Studies of the transformation of steam-water emissions of a cooling tower in the ambient atmospheric environment, depending on meteorological factors, is carried out. It is revealed that the structure of the steam-water plume is heterogeneous. There are three zones in which the character of thermo-aerodynamic processes and their flow conditions change significantly: the zone of active aerodynamic processes, the transition zone, and the flare zone. It is established that dilution of the steam-water plume with polluted air is carried out throughout the volume due to its turbulence. Using the above methodological developments allows determining the main design parameters of the cooling tower steam-water plum, in particular, temperature and humidity conditions.
Zoning of the territory of the city of Sevastopol for the organization of monitoring of atmospheric pollution
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Gutnik S.A. , Azarenkо E.I. ,   Sevastopol State University, Sigora G.A. ,   Sevastopol State University, Gutnik V.S. ,   Sevastopol State University, Nichkova L.A. ,   Sevastopol State University, Khomenko T.Yu. ,   Sevastopol State University
Published: June 2022

The article evaluates the features of the terrain to determine the zone of influence of large sources of pollution. The list of the largest stationary sources of pollution and transport highways of Sevastopol with the most intensive traffic is given. A map of the location of emission sources is presented. According to a number of criteria developed, zoning of the territory of the city of Sevastopol according to an integral criterion is proposed. That will make possible to reasonably plan a network of atmospheric pollution monitoring posts for collecting representative data.
Monitoring the composition of periphyton and epiliton cyanobacteria in the coastal shallow water (Black Sea, Sevastopol)
Authors:   Institute of Natural and Technical Systems, Andreeva N.A.
Published: June 2022

During 2017–2021 a study of the composition of periphytic cyanobacteria in the coastal waters of the bays of Sevastopol was carried out. The composition of cyanobacteria in the periphyton and epilithon varied over the years in the range of 4–7 and 2–8 forms, respectively. Over the entire period, 16 system-atic units have been identified, which are representatives of 7 orders: Chroococcales, Chroococcidiop-sidales, Synechococcales, Pleurocapsales, Oscillatoriales, Nostocales and Stigonematales. The absolute dominants in the periphyton of the glasses were cyanobacteria of the order Oscillatoriales, and oscillatory and Pleurocapsa in the epilithon. 11 strains of cyanobacteria have breen isolated from periphyton and epilithon.
Study of toxic properties of oil-contaminated soil using biotesting methods
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Branch of the University in the City of Sterlitamak, Ovsyannikova I.V. , Pryanichnikova V.V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Branch of the University in the City of Sterlitamak, Kadyrov R.R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Branch of the University in the City of Sterlitamak, Kichigin I.A. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Branch of the University in the City of Sterlitamak, Shugaepov I.R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Branch of the University in the City of Sterlitamak, Yapparov B.A. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Branch of the University in the City of Sterlitamak
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of a study of the toxicity using the method of FR.1.39.2016.24117 for gray forest soil contaminated with oil. Seeds of watercress plants of the Zabava variety are used as a test object. Toxicity is assessed by five parameters: seed germination, average length of underground and aboveground parts and total length of seedlings, their average dry weight. The studies show that the most sensitive parameters are seed germination, as well as the average length of the underground, above-ground parts and the total length of seedlings. The tendency of the negative effect of the oil content on plants in the analyzed soil is established. The obtained results show the possibility of using phytotesting methods for analyzing the degree of soil purification.
History of studying and organizing observations of exogenous geological processes on the shores of Sevastopol from cape Tyubek to cape Sarych
Authors:   Institute of Natural and Technical Systems, Agarkova-Lyakh I.V.
Published: June 2022

The history of the study of exogenous geological processes on the shores of Sevastopol throughout the 20th – early 21st century is considered. Analysis of the works published in the 20th century showed the spatial and temporal unevenness of the carried-out research, as well as a limited number of special or thematic works. Since the beginning of the 21st century the number of studies of coastal exogenous processes in the region has sharply increased, due to which knowledge on the processes and their territorial coverage have increased. At present, a network of state and subject monitoring of hazardous exogenous geological processes has been formed on the territory of Sevastopol, in which coastal ob-servation points are of importance.
Dynamics of allelopatic soil effects in forest eco-systems with a monodominant forest stand after simulation of recreational load
Authors:   Branch of Institute of Natural and Technical Systems, Scherbina V.G.
Published: June 2022

The dynamics of allelopathic effects of the soil was assessed within seven months of the growing season after simulating a one-time recreational load in seven forest ecosystems of the humid subtropics of the Sochi Black Sea region. Using the index of allelopathic activity of the soil and the index of the relative allelopathic effect, the seasonal dynamics of stimulation and inhibition of the growth processes of the biotest was traced, depending on the presence of a certain tree species, the magnitude of a one-time recreational load and the time elapsed since anthropogenic impact. The rows of forest ecosystems were compiled in terms of the resistance of edaphic conditions to recreational impact and the resistance to the introduction of new species under the canopy of the forest stand in the range of recreational loads of 1.39–8.33 people/ha.