bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Invisible Networks of Global Production: Re-Imagining the Global Value Chain in Legal Research
Authors: Beckers Anna
Published: May 2020

Reviewing the burgeoning legal scholarship on global value chains to delineate the legal image of the global value chain and then comparing this legal image with images on global production in neighbouring social sciences research, in particular the Global Commodity Chain/Global Value Chain and the Global Production Network approach, this article reveals that legal research strongly aligns with the value chain image, but takes less account of the production-centric network image. The article then outlines a research agenda for legal research that departs from a network perspective on global production. To that end, it proposes that re-imagining the law in a world of global production networks requires a focus in legal research on the legal construction of global production and its infrastructure and a stronger contextualization of governance obligations and liability rules in the light of the issue-specific legal rules that apply to said infrastructure.
Effectiveness of Corona Lockdowns: Evidence for a Number of Countries
Authors: Homburg Stefan
Published: May 2020

The paper assesses the effectiveness of the large-scale lockdowns that took place during the SARS-CoV-2 (corona) pandemic. Countries considered include the United States, South Korea, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, and Sweden. Our research strategy utilizes the fact that fatal outcomes follow infections with a delay of 23 days. Therefore, the dates of the actual infections can be inferred from the data. The results suggest that lockdowns were superfluous and ineffective.
Alvis–Curtis duality for representations of reductive groups with Frobenius maps
Authors: Dong Junbin
Published: May 2020

We generalize the Alvis–Curtis duality to the abstract representations of reductive groups with Frobenius maps. Similar to the case of representations of finite reductive groups, we show that the Alvis–Curtis duality of infinite type, which we define in this paper, also interchanges the irreducible representations in the principal representation category.
Microdatabase Direct Investment (MiDi) – A full survey of German inward and outward investment
Authors: Blank Sven , Lipponer Alexander , Schild Christopher-J. , Scholz Dietmar
Published: May 2020

The research dataset “Microdatabase Direct Investment” is a dataset on foreign direct investment (FDI) stocks based on the official German FDI microdata. The original data are collected on an annual basis by the Deutsche Bundesbank to compile the FDI stock statistics for Germany. Making this official data available to researchers via the MiDi database provides a research dataset on direct investment relationships that is unique both in terms of data available and in the depth of cross-border shareholdings, covering all years since 1999. In this paper, we explain the central properties of this dataset and demonstrate its usefulness for research.
Synthesis of biomass-supported CuNi zero-valent nanoparticles through wetness co-impregnation method for the removal of carcinogenic dyes and nitroarene
Authors: Hussain Shah , Mohammed Ali Hani S. H. , Khan Shahid Ali , Farooq Aliya , Saud Al-Saud Najla bint , Anwar Yasir , Asiri Abdullah M. , Rahman Zia Ur , Amin Noor ul , Khan Sher Bahadar
Published: May 2020

Stabilization of zero-valent CuNi nanoparticles (NPs) supported on Cicer
arietenum (CP) is reported here for the reduction and removal of
persistent organic pollutants. The functional groups and interactions of NPs with the
CP were determined by ATR-FTIR. The crystallinity, morphology, and the elemental
composition of the samples were determined through powder XRD, FESEM, and EDS
techniques, respectively. The XRD spectrum displayed a sharp crystalline peak at 43.9
for CuNi. The Cu and Ni zero-valent NPs displayed a peak at almost the same region,
and thus, both the peaks are merged and appeared as a single peak. The chemical
reduction/degradation of eight model pollutants, viz., 2-nitrophenol (ONP),
3-nitrophenol (MNP), 4-nitrophenol (PNP), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), methyl orange
(MO), congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB), and rhodamine B (RB) were carried out in
the presence of NaBH4. The kapp value of 0.1 mM 4NP was highest which was 1.8 ×
10−1 min−1 while the slowest rate was observed
for CR and RB with kapp 5.5 × 10−3 and 5.4 ×
10−3 min−1 respectively. This article helps in
the removal of toxic organic pollutants through green supported NPs.
The historical resources of China’s model: Relevance to the present
Authors: Hrubec Marek
Published: May 2020

The article focuses on the historical resources of the China’s model. Understanding the model is one of necessary preconditions of an analysis of China’s dynamic rise and development in recent decades. First, the article analyses the concept of historical development of multiple civilisations and modernities. It then examines the characteristics of China’s old civilisation and the associated model. It ends by showing how the historical Silk Road lives on in an updated modernised global version.
Building narrative identity: Episodic value and its identity-forming structure within personal and social contexts
Authors: Yi Huiyuhl
Published: May 2020

In this essay, I develop the concept of episodic value, which describes a form of value connected to a particular object or individual expressed and delivered through a narrative. Narrative can bestow special kinds of value on objects, as exemplified by auction articles or museum collections. To clarify the nature of episodic value, I show how the notion of episodic value fundamentally differs from the traditional axiological picture. I extend my discussion of episodic value to argue that the notion of episodic value readily incorporates the role of narratives into the construction of identity in personal and social contexts. My main contentions are twofold. First, events or experiences from our personal narratives are episodically valuable insofar as they contribute to shaping our narrative identities. Second, when engaged in a collective action, we write a joint narrative with other participants that confers special meanings on the actions of each participant.
Los datos censales en el estudio del multilingüismo y la migración: Cuestiones ideológicas y consecuencias epistémicas
Authors: Leeman Jennifer
Published: May 2020

Dado el uso frecuente de las estadísticas censales en los estudios del multilingüismo, este artículo argumenta que es necesario examinarlas desde una perspectiva crítica que tenga en cuenta la relación entrelazada de los aspectos metodológicos e ideológicos de los censos. En contraste con los estudios previos que por lo general han examinado uno o dos elementos de la producción de un censo, como por ejemplo la selección de temas y categorías a incluirse, la formulación de las preguntas, o el procesamiento de los datos, este artículo analiza críticamente la problemática en cada paso del censo, enfatizando cómo están entrelazados los aspectos administrativos, epistémicos y ideológicos a lo largo del proceso y presentando ejemplos ilustrativos. Ya que es imposible separar las estadísticas de sus orígenes como instrumento del Estado y componente del discurso oficial, al utilizarlas en los estudios académicos nos urge examinarlas críticamente para entender qué ideologías encarnan y reproducen.
Significado social de las actitudes lingüísticas, la red social y las variables de pequeña escala en los estudios de inmigración: combinación de métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos
Authors: von Essen María Clara
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo se centra en la acomodación de un grupo de inmigrantes argentinos de Buenos Aires que residen en la ciudad de Málaga (España). En este estudio, analizamos todos los grupos etarios: jóvenes, adultos y mayores, e instauramos una combinación nueva de métodos de análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo que nos permitió entender y describir, en profundidad, la complejidad de los procesos de acomodación. A través de esta nueva metodología de observación (cualitativa y cuantitativa), concluimos que es necesario llevar a cabo un análisis complejo de los inmigrantes que tenga en cuenta métodos de observación directa e indirecta, su peso explicativo y su grado de coherencia. A su vez, establecimos que deben considerarse variables intermedias o de pequeña escala como las actitudes lingüísticas, la red social, la edad de llegada, los planes de volver a Argentina y, sobre todo, la percepción de la propia identidad. El análisis complejo de este grupo de inmigrantes nos ha permitido comprender su comportamiento lingüístico y las ideologías relacionadas con la acomodación lingüística y su significado social.
Psychological pain and risk of suicide in adolescence
Authors: Mento Carmela , Silvestri Maria Catena , Muscatello Maria Rosaria Anna , Rizzo Amelia , Celebre Laura , Bruno Antonio , Zoccali Antonio Rocco
Published: May 2020

Psychological pain or psychache is intolerable and unacceptable mental pain. This construct plays a key role in the risk of suicide in adolescence. This is a frequent condition in adolescents with depression; a variety of studies propose a bidirectional relationship between these two circumstances. Adolescents with psychological pain are exposed to the risk of suicidal ideation, and behavior. This review aimed to explore psychological pain in adolescents, and the correlation to the risk of suicide. We have conducted, following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review for the literature on PubMed. Search terms were “Suicide risk in adolescents” AND “Mental Pain in adolescence” OR “Psychological Pain in adolescence”. An initial search identified publications 1189. A total of 15 studies met the predefined inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Mental pain is a stronger factor of vulnerability of suicidal ideation and behavior. Intense negative emotions, such as guilt, shame, hopelessness, may become a psychological pain in adolescence, and many studies showed a relation between psychological pain and capability for suicide.
A new method to generate daily load scenario of electric vehicle charging station considering time correlation
Authors: Liu Xiaoou
Published: May 2020

Due to the influence of random factors such as travel behavior of car owners and traffic condition, the electric vehicle (EV) charging station load has strong randomness. Establishing an appropriate probability model to describe the stochastic of EV charging station load is of great significance to the safe operation analysis of distribution network. Therefore, this paper proposes the probability modeling and the scenario generation method for EV charging station load based on historical data. Firstly, the load of each period is regarded as a random variable, and the probability distribution model of each random variable is obtained by fitting historical data. Secondly, according to the analysis of load correlation, 96 periods of a day are divided into several sets of adjacent periods. Considering the correlation between different period loads in each set of adjacent periods, the Pair-copula method and the D-Vine structure is used to obtain the joint distribution model in each set of adjacent period loads is obtained. Thirdly, according to the joint distributionmodel, all sets of adjacent periods of a day and the corresponding load scenarios are obtained, and the daily load curve considering time correlation are generated. Finally, referring to the actual historical load curve data, the effectiveness of the proposed method in this paper is verified by comparing with the daily load curve, which is generated based on the independent distribution model of each period load without considering time correlation.
Machine learning roles in advancing the power network stability due to deployments of renewable energies and electric vehicles
Authors: Nassereddine Mohamad
Published: May 2020

Renewable energy sources are widely installed across countries. In recent years, the capacity of the installed renewable network supports large percentage of the required electrical loads. The relying on renewable energy sources to support the required electrical loads could have a catastrophic impact on the network stability under sudden change in weather conditions. Also, the recent deployment of fast charging stations for electric vehicles adds additional load burden on the electrical work. The fast charging stations require large amount of power for short period. This major increase in power load with the presence of renewable energy generation, increases the risk of power failure/outage due to overload scenarios. To mitigate the issue, the paper introduces the machine learning roles to ensure network stability and reliability always maintained. The paper contains valuable information on the data collection devises within the power network, how these data can be used to ensure system stability. The paper introduces the architect for the machine learning algorithm to monitor and manage the installed renewable energy sources and fast charging stations for optimum power grid network stability. Case study is included.
Viscoelastic analysis of oat grain within linear viscoelastic region by using dynamic mechanical analyzer
Authors: Zhao Nan , Li Bo-wen , Zhu Ying-dan , Li Dong , Wang Li-jun
Published: May 2020

The stress relaxation, creep-recovery, temperature, and frequency sweep tests were performed within the linear viscoelastic region by using a dynamic mechanical analyzer to investigate the viscoelastic characteristic of oat grain. The result showed that 5-element Maxwell and Burgers model were able to describe viscoelastic behaviors better. The relaxation stress decreased with the increasing moisture content from 6.79 to 23.35%, while the creep strain increased as well as the final percentage recovery decreased from 58.61 to 32.50%. In frequency sweep, storage modulus increased with the increasing frequency. In temperature sweep, there was a clear turning point in storage modulus, loss modulus, and tan delta curves with increasing temperature. The turning value of 167.47, 147.44, 134.27, 132.41, 110.28, and 92.62 °C detected in the tan delta were regarded as the best glass transition temperatures. This temperature was found to be lower than gelatinization heating temperature and decrease with the increase of moisture content. The crystalline structure of oat exhibited a typical A-type pattern and corresponding crystallinity increased from 22.03 to 31.86% with increasing moisture content. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrograph of oat section was found that the size and adhesive effect of starch granules increased due to hydration.
Shelf life analysis of a ricotta packaged using Modified Atmosphere Packaging or High Pressure Processing
Authors: Roberta Stefanini , Giuseppe Vignali
Published: May 2020

The aim of this work is to evaluate several packaging and treatment processes for ricotta cheese in thermoformed trays. Shelf life has been evaluated considering microbiological aspects, colour variation and the quantity of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC). The first solution tested was Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP). Experimental tests were performed to evaluate not only the effect of a mixture of CO2, O2 and N2 in different percentages but also the deep of the trays (20, 30 or 40 mm). As a comparison, High Pressure Processing (HPP) at 6000 MPa for 3 min was applied to a second series of packaged ricottas. Microbiological results show that MAP preserves the product for 10 days, while HPP extends its shelf life for up to a month due to the lower levels of yeasts, moulds and lactic bacteria. In addition, the treatment preserves the ricotta's colour and VOCs.
Prediction of internal compositions change in potato during storage using visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy
Authors: Farhadi Roya , Afkari-Sayyah Amir H. , Jamshidi Bahareh , Mousapour Gorji Ahmad
Published: May 2020

Visible/Near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy at a range of 450–1000 nm was used to predict the values of three qualitative variables (starch, reducing sugar, and moisture content) on 200 potato tubers from 2 potato genotypes (‘Agria’ and ‘Clone 397009–8’) stored in both traditional and cold storages. After spectroscopy measurements, these variables were measured using reference methods. Then, Partial Least Square (PLS) models were developed. To evaluate developed models, Root Mean Square Error of calibration and cross validation (RMSEC and RMSECV), as well as coefficient of determination for calibration and cross validation (R
2
C and R
2
CV), and Residual Predictive Deviation (RPD) were used. The best prediction belonged to reducing sugar with statistical values of R
2
C = 0.99, R
2
CV = 0.98, RMSEC = 0.029, RMSECV = 0.037, and RPD = 7.57 in ‘Clone’ genotype stored under cold storage. The weakest prediction was related to moisture content with statistical values of R
2
C = 0.93, R
2
CV = 0.92, RMSEC = 0.268, RMSECV = 0.279, and RPD = 6.45 in stored ‘Clone’ genotypes under cold storage. Results of the study showed that, Vis/NIR spectroscopy as a non-destructive, fast, and reliable technique can be used for prediction of inner compositions of stored potatoes.
Mathematical modeling of ohmic heating for inactivation of acid-adapted foodborne pathogens in tomato juice
Authors: Kim Sang-Soon , Choi Won , Park Sang-Hyun , Kang Dong-Hyun
Published: May 2020

The objective of the present study was to predict the inactivation trends of acid-adapted foodborne pathogens in tomato juice by ohmic heating through a numerical analysis method. The mathematical model based on finite element method (FEM) was used to simulate the multiphysics phenomena including electric heating, heat transfer, fluid dynamics, and pathogen inactivation. A cold spot was observed in the corner part of the ohmic heating chamber, where some pathogens survived even though all pathogens were inactivated elsewhere. Challenges of this study were how to reflect the increased resistance of pathogen by acid-adaptation. After simulation, we verified that inactivation level of acid-adapted foodborne pathogens by 25 Vrms/cm ohmic heating (1 kHz), predicted with the developed mathematical model, had no significant differences with experimental results (p > 0.05). Therefore, the mathematical approaches described in the present study will help juice processors determine the processing conditions necessary to ensure microbial safety at the cold point of a rectangular type batch ohmic heater.
Subjektive Theorien von DaF-Lehrenden – zur Begründung des Ausschlusses von Inhalten und Methoden aus dem Unterricht
Authors: Mayer David
Published: May 2020

Die qualitative Studie befasst sich mit der Frage, mit welchen Faktoren DaF-Lehrende begründen, was sie in ihrem Unterricht inhaltlich und methodisch nicht machen, und eruiert, inwiefern diesem Ausschluss eine subjektive (Teil-)Theorie zugrunde liegt. Damit wird innerhalb der Lehrerkognitionsforschung ein Aspekt in den Vordergrund gerückt, der bislang kaum Beachtung gefunden hat. Im Rahmen dieses Artikels werden auf der Grundlage von Interviews und Strukturbildern die subjektiven Begründungsmuster zweier DaF-Lehrender deskriptiv und grafisch rekonstruiert, um dadurch das Verhältnis zwischen situativ-kontextabhängigen und überzeugungsgeleiteten Begründungen, die zu diesem Ausschluss geführt haben, darzustellen.
Application of singular spectrum analysis in reconstruction of the annual signal from GRACE
Authors: Zhu Chuandong , Zhan Wei , Liu Jinzhao , Chen Ming
Published: May 2020

The mixture effect of the long-term variations is a main challenge in single channel singular spectrum analysis (SSA) for the reconstruction of the annual signal from GRACE data. In this paper, a nonlinear long-term variations deduction method is used to improve the accuracy of annual signal reconstructed from GRACE data using SSA. Our method can identify and eliminate the nonlinear long-term variations of the equivalent water height time series recovered from GRACE. Therefore the mixture effect of the long-term variations can be avoided in the annual modes of SSA. For the global terrestrial water recovered from GRACE, the peak to peak value of the annual signal is between 1.4 cm and 126.9 cm, with an average of 11.7 cm. After the long-term and the annual term have been deducted, the standard deviation of residual time series is between 0.9 cm and 9.9 cm, with an average of 2.1 cm. Compared with the traditional least squares fitting method, our method can reflect the dynamic change of the annual signal in global terrestrial water, more accurately with an uncertainty of between 0.3 cm and 2.9 cm.
Safety, efficacy and tolerability of a combination micronutrient and polyherbal preparation (GoutFighter
TM) for gout: a single-arm open-label pilot study
Authors: Vu Nam , Thi Tam Nguyen Thuan , Haddon Parmenter Benjamin , Thouas George Anthony
Published: May 2020

Background

To evaluate the safety, efficacy and tolerability of a combination micronutrient and polyherbal preparation (GoutFighter
TM) for gout management.

Methods

A single arm, open-label pilot study was conducted at the National Hospital for Traditional Medicine in Vietnam. Participants (n=35 recruited) diagnosed with chronic gout received four tablets of GoutFighter
TM daily over a 45-day period. Efficacy was assessed by changes in pain, swelling and blood uric acid levels, with concurrent safety and tolerability assessments.

Results

A total of 27 (85.2% male) participants (mean ± SD age, 54.2 ± 12.5 years; BMI, 24.2 ± 3.6 kg/m2) with gout (median [IQR], years since diagnosis 4.0 [3.0–8.0]) completed intervention. In relation to safety, there were no significant changes in vital signs, blood biochemistry or cell counts. In regard to efficacy, the degree of perceived pain and frequency of joint swelling significantly declined after 15 and 30 days of treatment, respectively, and remained so until the end of trial. Mean blood uric acid levels also declined by 25.8 μmol/L (95% CI, 3.7 to 48.0, p=0.024). Overall, the predominance of participants (96.3%) responded favorably to treatment (p<0.0001) and GoutFighter
TM was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events.

Conclusion

Clinically relevant doses of GoutFighter
TM were found to be generally safe, well-tolerated and effective for the short-term, symptomatic relief of chronic gout. GoutFighter
TM appears to be suitable as an adjunctive treatment in lifestyle programs for gout management, and further investigation in placebo-controlled trials is therefore warranted.
Classification of the affine structures of a generalized quaternion group of order ⩾32{\geqslant 32}
Authors: Rump Wolfgang
Published: May 2020

Based on computing evidence, Guarnieri and Vendramin conjectured that, for a generalized quaternion group G of order

2
n

⩾
32

{2^{n}\geqslant 32}

, there are exactly seven isomorphism classes of braces with adjoint group G.
The conjecture is proved in the paper.
On the supersolubility of a group with semisubnormal factors
Authors: Monakhov Victor S. , Trofimuk Alexander A.
Published: May 2020

A subgroup A of a group G is called seminormal in G if there exists a subgroup B such that

G
=

A
⁢
B

{G=AB}

and AX is a subgroup of G for every subgroup X of B.
We introduce the new concept that unites subnormality and seminormality.
A subgroup A of a group G is called semisubnormal in G if A is subnormal in G or seminormal in G.
A group

G
=

A
⁢
B

{G=AB}

with semisubnormal supersoluble subgroups A and B is studied.
The equality

G
𝔘

=

(

G
′

)

𝔑

{G^{\mathfrak{U}}=(G^{\prime})^{\mathfrak{N}}}

is established; moreover, if the indices of subgroups A and B in G are relatively prime, then

G
𝔘

=

G

𝔑
2

{G^{\mathfrak{U}}=G^{\mathfrak{N}^{2}}}

.
Here

𝔑

{\mathfrak{N}}

,

𝔘

{\mathfrak{U}}

and

𝔑
2

{\mathfrak{N}^{2}}

are the formations of all nilpotent, supersoluble and metanilpotent groups, respectively;

H
𝔛

{H^{\mathfrak{X}}}

is the

𝔛

{\mathfrak{X}}

-residual of H.
Also we prove the supersolubility of

G
=

A
⁢
B

{G=AB}

when all Sylow subgroups of A and of B are semisubnormal in G.
Applying combinatorial results to products of conjugacy classes
Authors: Camina Rachel Deborah
Published: May 2020

Let

K
=

x
G

{K=x^{G}}

be the conjugacy class of an element x of a group G, and suppose K is finite.
We study the increasing sequence of natural numbers

{

|

K
n

|

}

n
≥
1

{\{\lvert K^{n}\rvert\}_{n\geq 1}}

and consider restrictions on this sequence and the algebraic consequences.
In particular, we prove that if

|

K
2

|

<

3
2

⁢

|
K
|

{\lvert K^{2}\rvert<\frac{3}{2}\lvert K\rvert}

or if

|

K
4

|

<

2
⁢

|
K
|

{\lvert K^{4}\rvert<2\lvert K\rvert}

, then

K
n

{K^{n}}

is a coset of the normal subgroup

[
x
,
G
]

{[x,G]}

for all

n
≥
2

{n\geq 2}

or 4, respectively.
We then use these results to contribute to conjectures about the solubility of

〈
K
〉

{\langle K\rangle}

when

K
n

{K^{n}}

satisfies certain conditions.
Current State of (Dis)Integration: Public Health and Fusion Centers
Authors: Minks Cody , Richter Anke
Published: May 2020

Objective

Responding to large-scale public health emergencies relies heavily on planning and collaboration between law enforcement and public health officials. This study examines the current level of information sharing and integration between these domains by measuring the inclusion of public health in the law enforcement functions of fusion centers.

Methods

Survey of all fusion centers, with a 29.9% response rate.

Results

Only one of the 23 responding fusion centers had true public health inclusion, a decrease from research conducted in 2007. Information sharing is primarily limited to information flowing out of the fusion center, with little public health information coming in. Most of the collaboration is done on a personal, informal, ad-hoc basis. There remains a large misunderstanding of roles, capabilities, and regulations by all parties (fusion centers and public health). The majority of the parties appear to be willing to work together, but there but there is no forward momentum to make these desires a reality. Funding and staffing issues seem to be the limiting factor for integration.

Conclusion

These problems need to be urgently addressed to increase public health preparedness and enable a decisive and beneficial response to public health emergencies involving a homeland security response.
On the enregisterment of the Lancashire dialect in Late Modern English: Spelling in focus
Authors: Ruano-García Javier
Published: May 2020

This paper places literary recreations of Lancashire English into the context of enregisterment and the sociolinguistics of spelling. Using theSalamanca Corpus, I examine Lancashire dialect writings published between 1700 and 1900 representative of both dialect literature and literary dialect to determine the repertoire of forms that were circulated in representations of the dialect. More specifically, my aim is to identify the respellings employed to highlight the pronunciation features that may have been noticeable at the time and associated with a Lancashire identity. I argue that the socially meaningful choices made by Lancashire writers can be seen as authenticating practices whereby the dialect was constructed and circulated, having authenticity effects concerning how it was experienced by the audience. The analysis treats respellings as sociolinguistic variables that are quantified to measure the relative salience of the phonological features they represent. It focuses on three of the commonly occurring traits found in the corpus, namely the MOUTH, GOAT, and PRICE diphthongs, showing that such an approach may give insight into their degree of salience, whilst providing a window into how the Lancashire dialect was perceived during this time.
A geometric based preprocessing for weighted ray transforms with applications in SPECT
Authors: Goncharov Fedor
Published: May 2020

In this work we investigate numerically the reconstruction approach proposed in [F. O. Goncharov and R. G. Novikov,
An analog of Chang inversion formula for weighted Radon transforms in multidimensions,
Eurasian J. Math. Comput. Appl. 4 2016, 2, 23–32] for weighted ray transforms (weighted Radon transforms along oriented straight lines) in 3D. In particular, the approach is based on a geometric reduction of the data modeled by weighted ray transforms to new data modeled by weighted Radon transforms along two-dimensional planes in 3D. Such reduction could be seen as a preprocessing procedure which could be further completed by any preferred reconstruction algorithm. In a series of numerical tests on modelized and real SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) data we demonstrate that such procedure can significantly reduce the impact of noise on reconstructions.
Oxytactic Microorganisms and Thermo-Bioconvection Nanofluid Flow Over a Porous Riga Plate with Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer Medium
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Bhatti Muhammad Mubashir , Ellahi Rahmat , Michaelides Efstathios E.
Published: May 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyze the behavior of oxytactic microorganisms and thermo-bioconvection nanofluid flow through a Riga plate with a Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer porous medium. The Riga plate is composed of electrodes and magnets that are placed on a plane. The fluid is electrically conducting, and the Lorentz force evolves exponentially along the vertical direction. The governing equations are formulated with the help of dimensionless variables. With the aid of a shooting scheme, the numerical results are presented in graphs and tables. It is noted that the modified Hartmann number boosts the velocity profile when it is positive, but lowers these values when it is negative. The density-based Rayleigh number and the nanoparticle concentration enhance the fluid velocity. The thermal Rayleigh number and the Darcy–Forchheimer number decrease the velocity. An increase in Lewis number causes a remarkable decline in the oxytactic microorganism profile. Several useful results for these flows with oxytactic microorganisms through Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer porous media are presented in this paper.
An infant presenting with extreme hypertriglyceridemia diagnosed as glycogen storage disease type Ia
Authors: Fang Ling-Juan , Abuduxikuer Kuerbanjiang , Yan Xiu-Mei , Zhu Huan , Huang Kai-Yu
Published: May 2020

Background

Marked hypertriglyceridemia in infancy is extremely rare. Patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia in early life may be unmasked by a primary or secondary cause.

Case presentation

A female infant was born in a good condition with normal Apgar scores. No special clinical symptoms and signs had been found within the first two months of life. Poor oral intake and failure to thrive were two main clinical manifestations when she was referred to our hospital at the age of 3.5 months. The milky serum was the only one characteristic presentation. Laboratory testing showed extremely high level of triglycerides, cholesterol and lactate. Many other laboratory indexes cannot be detected because of severe hyperlipemic samples. Multi-gene panel testing for 249 genes about genetic and metabolic liver disease were performed. Gene analysis revealed a G6PC gene deficiency. The patient was a homozygote for c.248G > A, p.R83H and her parents were both the heterozygotes. The infant had been diagnosed as glycogen storage disease type Ia.

Conclusions

We report an infant presenting with extreme hypertriglyceridemia diagnosed as glycogen storage disease type Ia by genetic testing. The gene panel can be used to confirm the diagnosis and delineate the exact type of glycogen storage disease, which could ultimately really help to reduce unnecessary tests and invasive examinations. Serum lipid should be close monitoring in order to prevent the complications and improve the prognosis.
Women’s decisional conflict in the pathway of prenatal screening and testing: an explorative study within Finnish public maternity care
Authors: Chen An , Tenhunen Henni , Torkki Paulus , Heinonen Seppo , Lillrank Paul , Stefanovic Vedran
Published: May 2020

Objectives

To explore women’s decisional conflict in the pathway of prenatal screening and testing (PreST) in Finland and to evaluate a counseling service.

Methods

Self-completion surveys were conducted at two medical settings (screening and further testing) of PreST. Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS) was the main measure. Different types of statistical tests were used to compare women’s decisional conflict at different medical settings of PreST, and before-after pre-test counseling. Multivariable linear regressions analyzed the influences of the medical settings and other factors on women’s decisional conflict.

Results

Compared to women in population-based screening, women in further testing (before pre-test counseling) were more likely to feel well informed (P < 0.001), had increased values clarity (P < 0.001), but more likely experienced uncertainty (P = 0.040). Besides medical settings, maternal age, gravidity and previous experience of fetal aneuploidy significantly influenced decisional conflict. After counseling, screen-positive women felt better informed (P < 0.001), had increased values clarity (P < 0.001), perceived more support (P < 0.001), and had better decision certainty (P < 0.001) than before counseling.

Conclusions

Medical settings influence women’s decisional conflict during PreST. Individual counseling is effective in improving screen-positive women’s decisional conflict. This research adds knowledge and experience on developing decision-making supports across the pathway of PreST.
Assessing the utility of the Healthy Start Screen to predict an elevated Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score
Authors: Padilla Mikela M. , Roussos-Ross Dikea , Goodin Amie J.
Published: May 2020

Objective

To examine the utility of the Healthy Start Screen (HSS), which is an assessment of health, environment, and behavioral risk factors offered to all pregnant women in the state of Florida, in identifying women at risk for developing postpartum depression (PPD).

Methods

The sample for this Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved, retrospective study consisted of patients who presented to a women’s clinic for a new prenatal visit. Those patients who completed both the HSS at their prenatal visit and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at their postpartum visit were included. We focused on items 1–10 of the HSS, where patients could respond with either “yes” or “no”, and identified a positive EPDS as any score greater than or equal to 12.

Results

Women who identified as feeling down, depressed or hopeless, feeling alone when facing problems, to having ever received mental health services, or to having any trouble paying bills were more likely to have an EPDS score greater than or equal to 12.

Conclusion

The HSS, currently mandated by the state of Florida to be offered to all pregnant women, is a useful tool for identifying women at increased risk of developing PPD.
Profiting from overreaction in soccer betting odds
Authors: Wheatcroft Edward
Published: May 2020

Betting odds are generally considered to represent accurate reflections of the underlying probabilities for the outcomes of sporting events. There are, however, known to be a number of inherent biases such as the favorite-longshot bias in which outsiders are generally priced with poorer value odds than favorites. Using data from European soccer matches, this paper demonstrates the existence of another bias in which the match odds overreact to favorable and unfavorable runs of results. A statistic is defined, called the Combined Odds Distribution (COD) statistic, which measures the performance of a team relative to expectations given their odds over previous matches. Teams that overperform expectations tend to have a high COD statistic and those that underperform tend to have a low COD statistic. Using data from twenty different leagues over twelve seasons, it is shown that teams with a low COD statistic tend to be assigned more generous odds by bookmakers. This can be exploited and a sustained and robust profit can be made. It is suggested that the bias in the odds can be explained in the context of the “hot hand fallacy”, in which gamblers overestimate variation in the ability of each team over time.
African Traditional Religion and Law-Intersections between the Islamic and non-Islamic Worlds and the Impact on Development in the 2030 Agenda era
Authors: Bakibinga-Gaswaga Elizabeth
Published: May 2020

Religion, law and development intersect in a number of ways. Almost one-third of the world’s Muslim population resides in Africa. With a focus on Africa and taking into account Africa’s triple heritage as envisioned by A. Mazrui, a product resulting from three major influences: an indigenous heritage borne out of time and climate change; the heritage of Eurocentric capitalism forced on Africans by European colonialism; and the spread of Islam by both jihad and evangelism, this paper seeks to review the impact that African Traditional Religion (ATR) as a component of the indigenous heritage, have on the development and enforcement of law in Africa. This paper seeks to address the impact of religion on state formation, examining how colonialism, the Fulani jihads and migration have impacted on the body of law in Africa by introducing Islamic and Judeo-Christian tenets and constructs in the administration of secular states and theocracies. ATR presents itself as a lived reality, regulating the way of life, business transactions, etc. inter alia. There is close proximity between law and religion in Africa and also in the Islamic world. The practice of Islam in Africa is not static and is constantly being reshaped by prevalent social, economic, and political conditions. Generally, Islam in Africa often adapted to African cultural contexts and belief systems forming Africa’s own orthodoxies. The paper also examines how concepts of ATR have found place in the body of law through the inclusion of customary norms and usages in the law applicable, mainly through constitutional endorsement. It addresses the relevance of religion, culture to the development of the law (the intersection between religion and the law) and how the resultant body of law impacts on implementation of the law for development. The paper examines the role of the resultant body of law as a bridge and at times as a distraction to transactions between the Islamic and non-Islamic worlds for development. The paper concludes with recommendations on how the intersection of religion, law and development can better be utilised to foster sustainable development, most especially the Sustainable Development Goals premised in Agenda 2030, among others.
A bit o’ footy rabbit: Some notes on football rhyming slang
Authors: Lillo Antonio
Published: May 2020

The use of rhyming slang in British and Irish football is a relatively recent phenomenon that has sometimes been noted in passing, but never studied in detail. How is this type of lexis created? And, equally important, why do football lovers find it useful? Drawing mainly on examples from print and online sources, this article examines the linguistic features of the specialist rhyming slang of football, how it is coined and what it is that makes it so appropriate for the beautiful game. The final part of the article provides a glossary of terms and nicknames, many of which have hitherto escaped the notice of lexicographers.
Subject-Based Reading Behaviour Differences of Young Adults under Emerging Digital Paradigm
Authors: Soroya Saira Hanif , Ameen Kanwal
Published: May 2020

There appears a change in reading trends in the growing digital culture around the globe. The current research intended to identify the influence of this culture on the reading behaviour of young adults. A survey of final year Masters students from public and private sector universities in various knowledge domains (sciences and technology, social sciences, and arts and humanities) was conducted. The findings revealed a number of significant differences in both reading patterns and preferred reading formats among students of three knowledge domains. The findings suggest that all subjects should be treated separately when deciding on collection development and library services. This exploratory study proves that the digital environment creates a significant impact on individuals’ reading behaviour which needs to be considered by academics and library practitioners. It is a baseline study and opens many potential directions for future research.
Binary decompositions of probability densities and random-bit simulation
Authors: Nekrutkin Vladimir
Published: May 2020

This paper is devoted to random-bit simulation of probability densities, supported on

[
0
,
1
]

{[0,1]}

. The term “random-bit” means that the source of randomness for simulation is a sequence of symmetrical Bernoulli trials. In contrast to the pioneer paper [D. E. Knuth and A. C. Yao,
The complexity of nonuniform random number generation,
Algorithms and Complexity,
Academic Press, New York 1976, 357–428], the proposed method demands the knowledge of the probability density under simulation, and not the values of the corresponding distribution function. The method is based on the so-called binary decomposition of the density and
comes down to simulation of a special discrete distribution to get several principal bits of output, while further bits of output are produced by “flipping a coin”.
The complexity of the method is studied and several examples are presented.
Repdigits as sums of three balancing numbers
Authors: Ddamulira Mahadi
Published: May 2020

Let {Bn
}
n≥0 be the sequence of Balancing numbers defined by B
0 = 0, B
1 = 1, and B

n+2 = 6B

n+1 − Bn
for all n ≥ 0. In this paper, we find all repdigits in base 10 which can be written as a sum of three Balancing numbers.
An extension of q-starlike and q-convex error functions endowed with the trigonometric polynomials
Authors: Altinkaya Şahsene
Published: May 2020

In this present investigation, we will concern with the family of normalized analytic error function which is defined by

E

r

f
(
z
)
=

π
z

2

er
f
(

z

)
=
z
+

∑

n
=
2

∞

(
−
1

)

n
−
1

(
2
n
−
1
)
(
n
−
1
)
!

z

n

.

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
E_{r}f(z)=\frac{\sqrt{\pi z}}{2}\text{er} f(\sqrt{z})=z+\overset{\infty }{\underset
{n=2}{\sum }}\frac{(-1)^{n-1}}{(2n-1)(n-1)!}z^{n}.
\end{array}$$

By making the use of the trigonometric polynomials Un
(p, q, eiθ
) as well as the rule of subordination, we introduce several new classes that consist of 𝔮-starlike and 𝔮-convex error functions. Afterwards, we derive some coefficient inequalities for functions in these classes.
Noise-enhanced spatial-photonic Ising machine
Authors: Pierangeli Davide , Marcucci Giulia , Brunner Daniel , Conti Claudio
Published: May 2020

Ising machines are novel computing devices for the energy minimization of Ising models. These combinatorial optimization problems are of paramount importance for science and technology, but remain difficult to tackle on large scale by conventional electronics. Recently, various photonics-based Ising machines demonstrated fast computing of a Ising ground state by data processing through multiple temporal or spatial optical channels. Experimental noise acts as a detrimental effect in many of these devices. On the contrary, here we demonstrate that an optimal noise level enhances the performance of spatial-photonic Ising machines on frustrated spin problems. By controlling the error rate at the detection, we introduce a noisy-feedback mechanism in an Ising machine based on spatial light modulation. We investigate the device performance on systems with hundreds of individually-addressable spins with all-to-all couplings and we found an increased success probability at a specific noise level. The optimal noise amplitude depends on graph properties and size, thus indicating an additional tunable parameter helpful in exploring complex energy landscapes and in avoiding getting stuck in local minima. Our experimental results identify noise as a potentially valuable resource for optical computing. This concept, which also holds in different nanophotonic neural networks, may be crucial in developing novel hardware with optics-enabled parallel architecture for large-scale optimizations.
Directing Cherenkov photons with spatial nonlocality
Authors: Hu Hao , Gao Dongliang , Lin Xiao , Hou Songyan , Zhang Baile , Wang Qi Jie , Luo Yu
Published: May 2020

Cherenkov radiation in natural transparent materials is generally forward-propagating, owing to the positive group index of radiation modes. While negative-index metamaterials enable reversed Cherenkov radiation, the forward photon emission from a swift charged particle is prohibited. In this work, we theoretically investigate emission behaviours of a swift charged particle in the nanometallic layered structure. Our results show that Cherenkov photons are significantly enhanced by longitudinal plasmon modes resulting from the spatial nonlocality in metamaterials. More importantly, longitudinal Cherenkov photons can be directed either forward or backward, stringently depending on the particle velocity. The enhanced flexibility to route Cherenkov photons holds promise for many practical applications of Cherenkov radiation, such as novel free-electron radiation sources and new types of Cherenkov detectors.
Crystal structure of bis [1-(phenylsulfonyl)-2-(1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazin-1-ido-κ3
N,N′,O]cobalt(II), C24H22N8O4S2Co
Authors: Wang Wan-Wan , Deng Xiao-Wei , Wu Wei-Na
Published: May 2020

C24H22N8O4S2Co, orthorhombic, Aba2 (no. 41), a = 12.043(5) Å, b = 21.723(9) Å, c = 9.961(4) Å, V = 2605.9(18) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0366, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0764, T = 296(2) K.
The crystal structure of 5-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-amine, C6H8ClN3O2
Authors: Yan Sheng , Xue Mei , He Xinyuan , Wang Chengqian , Wang Zixin , Wang Jianlong
Published: May 2020

C6H8ClN3O2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 5.066(3) Å, b = 12.775(8) Å, c = 12.587(8) Å, β = 94.060(8)°, V = 812.5(9) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0597, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1990, T = 296(2) K.
The crystal structure of (dichromato-κ2
O,O′)bis(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′)nickel(II), C12H16N4O7Cr2Ni
Authors: Wu-Hua Chen , Gui-Xiang Xie , Qin Chen , Yan-Ming Ruan
Published: May 2020

C12H16N4O7Cr2Ni, orthorhombic, Pbcn (no. 60), a = 13.7804(5) Å, b = 10.3110(5) Å, c = 16.4118(6) Å, V = 2331.96(17) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0438, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1111, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of aqua-azido-κ1
N-(6,6′-((propane-1,3-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-bromophenolato)-κ4
N,N′,O,O′iron(III), C17H16Br2FeN5O3
Authors: Xiao Jianchang , Zhou Cun , Huang Meifen , Tan Hui , Wu Qiong
Published: May 2020

C17H16Br2FeN5O3, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 11.9307(9) Å, b = 14.8166(17) Å, c = 22.923(2) Å, V = 4052.2(7) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0750, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.2497, T = 293(2) K.
The crystal structure of 5-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)hydrazono)-4-methyl-2-((3-(5-methyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene) hydrazono)-2,5-dihydrothiazole dimethylformamide monosolvate, C30H25FN10S⋅C3H7NO
Authors: Alotaibi Abdullah A. , Abdel-Wahab Bakr F. , Hegazy Amany S. , Kariuki Benson M. , El-Hiti Gamal A.
Published: May 2020

C30H25FN10S⋅C3H7NO, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.9189(6) Å, b = 12.3898(7) Å, c = 13.9206(7) Å, α = 199.412(4)°, β = 110.024(5)°, γ = 105.904(5)°, V = 1631.17(17) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0536, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1471, T = 296 K.
The crystal structure of 3,6-di-tert-butyl-1,8-diiodo-9-methyl-9H-carbazole, C21H25I2N
Authors: Zhang Wei-Jun , Zeng Tao
Published: May 2020

C21H25I2N, monoclinic, P21/m (no. 11), a = 10.2277(18) Å, b = 7.6698(13) Å, c = 13.142(2) Å, β = 93.819(2)°, V = 1028.6(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0261, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0680, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of poly[μ2-diaqua-(μ2-2-amino-4,5-dicyano-κ2
N:N′-imidazol-1-ide)sodium(I)], C5H6N5O2Na
Authors: Mei Xue , Jianlong Wang , Sheng Yan , Kaixin Yang , Pengxiang Gao , Jiale Duan
Published: May 2020

C5H6N5O2Na, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.0140(10) Å, b = 7.4328(13) Å, c = 8.9483(16) Å, α = 103.303(7)°, β = 103.719(6)°, γ = 103.634(6)°, V = 419.73(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0622, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1795, T = 170(2) K.