bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arremangando la camisa negra: la llegada del fascismo al Caribe hispano a mediados de los años 20
Authors: Orive de la Rosa Carmen
Published: December 2023

Desde sus orígenes el fascismo mostró su naturaleza expansiva, de manera espontánea en un principio y bajo el auspicio del gobierno de Roma después, a través de los Fasci Italiani all'Estero. El Caribe hispano no fue inmune a este proceso y, desde mediados de la década de los años 20 por medio de los inmigrantes italianos, tomó parte de un ared que conectaba sus corazones italianos a la lejana Madre Patria. Desde Roma se organizó el Fascio de las Antillas, que agrupaba a Cuba, República Dominicana y Puerto Rico y, a pesar de que el número de inmigrantes italianos no pueda compararse al de otras regiones, no hay que perder de vista las ventajas geoestratégicas que presentaba la región para el gobierno fascista italiano. Apoyándose principalmente en las relaciones familiares y comerciales, el fascismo se difundió por las Antillas Mayores.
Abascal y cierra España. Un estado de la cuestión sobre VOX
Authors: Lopez  Felipe Jacobo
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo plantea un recorrido sobre cómo se ha abordado e investigado el auge y consolidación de vox, la formación de extrema derecha que desde 2018 ha penetrado en las instituciones del Estado jugando un papel destacado en la agenda política de los distintos niveles de gobierno. En este sentido, se ponen de relieve las publicaciones más importantes tanto de académicos como de personajes públicos que se han aproximado a este fenómeno, con dispares niveles de rigurosidad, contribuyendo al conocimiento colectivo sobre las causas y la naturaleza del éxito relámpago de la formación de Santiago Abascal.
Development and Validation of an Online Calculator to Predict Proximal Junctional Kyphosis After Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery Using Machine Learning
Authors: Lee Chang-Hyun , Jo Dae-Jean , Oh Jae Keun , Hyun Seung-Jae , Park Jin Hoon , Kim Kyung Hyun , Bae Jun Seok , Moon Bong Ju , Lee Chang-Kyu , Shin Myoung Hoon , Jang Hyun Jun , Han Moon-Soo , Kim Chi Heon , Chung Chun Kee , Moon Seung-Myung ,   for the Korean Spinal Deformity Society
Published: December 2023

Objective: Although adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery aims to restore and maintain alignment, proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) may occur. While existing scoring systems predict PJK, they predominantly offer a generalized 3-tier risk classification, limiting their utility for nuanced treatment decisions. This study seeks to establish a personalized risk calculator for PJK, aiming to enhance treatment planning precision.Methods: Patient data for ASD were sourced from the Korean spinal deformity database. PJK was defined a proximal junctional angle (PJA) of ≥ 20° at the final follow-up, or an increase in PJA of ≥ 10° compared to the preoperative values. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify independent variables. Subsequently, 5 machine learning models were created to predict individualized PJK risk post-ASD surgery. The most efficacious model was deployed as an online and interactive calculator.Results: From a pool of 201 patients, 49 (24.4%) exhibited PJK during the follow-up period. Through multivariable analysis, postoperative PJA, body mass index, and deformity type emerged as independent predictors for PJK. When testing machine learning models using study results and previously reported variables as hyperparameters, the random forest model exhibited the highest accuracy, reaching 83%, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.76. This model has been launched as a freely accessible tool at: (https://snuspine.shinyapps.io/PJKafterASD/).Conclusion: An online calculator, founded on the random forest model, has been developed to gauge the risk of PJK following ASD surgery. This may be a useful clinical tool for surgeons, allowing them to better predict PJK probabilities and refine subsequent therapeutic strategies.
Limaprost and the Risk of Bleeding: A Self-Controlled Case Series Study
Authors: Lee Eun-Joo , Jeong Han Eol , Chang Yoosoo , Shin Ju-Young
Published: December 2023

Objective: To investigate the association between the use of limaprost and the risk of bleeding.Methods: A self-controlled case series analysis was conducted using the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database in South Korea. We identified patients aged 18 years or older who had at least one prescription of limaprost and were diagnosed with at least one case of bleeding between 2003 and 2019. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) of bleeding was calculated by dividing the incidence rate in the exposed period to limaprost by that in the unexposed period and adjusted for age using conditional Poisson regression model.Results: Among 72,860 patients with limaprost prescriptions and bleeding diagnoses, there were 184,732 events of bleeding. After adjusting for age, the IRR was 1.47 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43–1.50), wherein the IRR was the highest during the 0–7 days after limaprost initiation (IRR, 2.11; 95% CI, 2.03–2.18). Risk of bleeding was higher when limaprost was concomitantly used with antithrombotics or other drugs for spinal stenosis treatment, and when higher daily doses of limaprost were administered.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the risk of bleeding increased by 1.5-fold in periods of limaprost exposure compared to unexposed periods, with particularly higher risks observed during the first week after limaprost initiation, with concomitant drugs related to bleeding, and with a higher daily dose. A careful risk-benefit assessment is warranted when initiating limaprost, especially when administered with other medications or in higher daily doses.
Does H3K27M Mutation Impact Survival Outcome of High-Grade Spinal Cord Astrocytoma?
Authors: Zhang Fan , Cheng Lei , Ding Ze , Wang Shengxi , Zhao Xingang , Zhao Zijun , Liang Cong , Wu Kun , Zhang Dongao , Wang Yinqian , Fan Tao
Published: December 2023

Objective: To evaluate the impact of H3K27M mutation in the prognosis of histological high-grade intramedullary astrocytoma.Methods: A total of 78 patients who were diagnosed with high-grade spinal cord astrocytoma were included. Clinical data consisting demographic, radiological, molecular features and treatment data were recorded. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were performed to investigate variables associated with survival outcome of histological high-grade spinal cord astrocytoma.Results: Median survival time was 21 months. Overall survival (OS) at 1 and 3 years was 65.7% and 40.7%, respectively. Sex, location, and tumor span did not present significant association with OS. Patients with H3K27M mutation showed significant shorter duration of symptom than patients with H3K27 wild-type. As respect to adjuvant treatment, adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy were associated with favorable OS (both p = 0.01). Younger patients (age ≤ 18 years) had shorter OS (p = 0.008) than adult patients (age > 18 years). Of note, H3K27M mutation did not show significant impact on the survival outcome, regardless of histology grade 3 or grade 4 (p = 0.3).Conclusion: Histological high-grade spinal cord astrocytoma has dismal prognosis. Our study demonstrated that H3K27M mutation did not show significant impact on survival outcome of histological high-grade spinal cord astrocytoma.
An Expanded Surgical Corridor of Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion at L4–5: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Limthongkul Worawat , Praisarnti Pakawas , Tanasansomboon Teerachat , Prasertkul Natavut , Kotheeranurak Vit , Yingsakmongkol Wicharn , Singhatanadgige Weerasak
Published: December 2023

Objective: We introduced a new preoperative method, the “expanded surgical corridor,” to evaluate the actual safety corridor, which may expand the possibility of performing oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF).Methods: Axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance images at the L4–5 disc level of 511 lumbar degenerative disease patients was evaluated. The distance between the medial edge of the left-sided psoas muscle and the major artery was measured as the conventional surgical corridor (CSc). The distance between the major vein and lumbar plexus was measured as the expanded surgical corridor (ESc).Results: The mean CSc and ESc were 13.9 ± 8.20 and 37.43 ± 10.1 mm, respectively. No surgical corridor was found in 7.05% of CSc and 1.76% of ESc, small corridor ( ≤ 1 cm) was found in 27.40% of CSc and 0.59% of ESc, moderate corridor (1–2 cm) was found in 42.07% of CSc and 1.96% of ESc, and large corridor ( > 2 cm) was found in 23.48% of CSc and 95.69% of ESc. A total of 33.83% (45 of 133) of whom were preoperatively categorized as having a limited surgical corridor by conventional measurement, underwent OLIF L4–5 successfully.Conclusion: By using the ESc, only 2.35% were categorized as having a limited surgical corridor. The other 97.65% of the patients had an approachable corridor that could be successfully operated by experienced spine surgeons who employ meticulous surgical dissection and thorough understanding of the anatomical structures. The ESc may represent true accessibility to the disc space for OLIF, particularly at the L4–5 level.
Simultaneous Single-Position Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Combined With Unilateral Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation for Single-Level Lumbar Tuberculosis: A 3-Year Retrospective Comparative Study
Authors: He Jinyue , Deng Jiezhong , Yang Yusheng , Zheng Tingting , Luo Fei , Xu Jianzhong , Zhang Zehua
Published: December 2023

Objective: To illustrate a simultaneous single-position oblique lateral interbody fusion (SPOLIF) combined with unilateral percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in treating single-level lumbar tuberculosis, compared with posterior-only approach in clinical and radiographic evaluations.Methods: Consecutive patients who had undergone surgeries for single-level lumbar tuberculosis from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients included were divided into SP-OLIF and posterior-only groups according to surgical methods applied, with follow-up for at least 36 months. Outcomes included estimated blood loss, operative time, and complications for safety evaluation; visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for efficacy evaluation; erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) for evaluating tuberculosis activity; x-ray and computed tomography scan were used for radiographic evaluation.Results: A total of 136 patients had been enrolled in the study (60 for SP-OLIF and 76 for Posterior-only). The median operative time, blood loss, and hospital stay in SP-OLIF group were significantly less, with a lower complication rate. Meanwhile, the SP-OLIF group showed substantially lower VAS in 1 and 7 days and decreased ODI in the first month postoperatively, without significant difference afterward. Similarly, the median CRP and ESR in SP-OLIF group were significantly lower in 3 and 7 days postoperatively. All indicators had reduced to normal after 3 months. No recurrence had been reported throughout the whole follow-up.Conclusion: SP-OLIF was an efficient minimally invasive protocol for single-level lumbar tuberculosis, facilitating earlier clinical improvement, with decreased blood loss, operative time and hospital stay compared with posterior-only approach.
The Combined Effects of RhBMP-2 and Systemic RANKL Inhibitor in Patients With Bone Density Loss Undergoing Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Retrospective Observational Analysis With Propensity Score Matching
Authors: Ryu Seungjun , Yoon Seon-Jin , Lee Chang Kyu , Yi Seong , Kim Keung-Nyun , Ha Yoon , Shin Dong Ah
Published: December 2023

Objective: The risks of nonunion and subsidence are high in patients with bone density loss undergoing spinal fusion surgery. The internal application of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) in an interbody cage improves spinal fusion; however, related complications have been reported. Denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody targeting the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), hinders osteoblast differentiation and function. Therefore, this study aimed to observe the combined effect of the local application of rhBMP-2 in a lumbar cage and systemic RANKL inhibition on postoperative spinal fusion in patients with bone density loss undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF).Methods: This retrospective observational study included 251 consecutive patients with spinal stenosis who underwent PLIF at a single center between 2017 and 2021. Clinical outcomes were assessed, and radiographic evaluations included lumbar flexion, extension, range of motion, and subsidence. Statistical analyses were conducted to identify the combined effect of the treatment and the subsidence and spinal fusion status.Results: One hundred patients were included in the final analysis. Denosumab treatment significantly reduced the rate of osteolysis (p = 0.013). When denosumab was administered in combination with rhBMP-2, the fusion status remained similar; however, the incidences of postoperative osteolysis and postoperative oozing day decreased.Conclusion: The combined use of rhBMP-2 and RANKL inhibition in patients with bone density loss can enhance bone formation after PLIF with fewer complications than rhBMP-2 alone.
Management of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage by Pump-Regulated Volumetric Continuous Lumbar Drainage Following Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion for Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Authors: Jang Sun Woo , Lee Sang Hyub , Shin Hong Kyung , Jeon Sang Ryong , Roh Sung Woo , Park Jin Hoon
Published: December 2023

Objective: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a major concern related to anterior cervical decompression and fusion for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). We propose a management algorithm for CSF leakage following anterior cervical decompression and fusion for OPLL involving the use of pump-regulated volumetric continuous lumbar drainage.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent anterior cervical decompression and fusion for OPLL and were managed with the proposed algorithm between March 2018 and July 2022. The proposed management algorithm for CSF leakage by pump-regulated volumetric continuous lumbar drainage was as follows. On exposure of the arachnoid membrane with or without CSF leakage, a dural sealant patch was applied to manage the dural defect. In case of persistent CSF leakage despite application of the dural sealant patch, patients underwent pump-regulated volumetric continuous lumbar drainage.Results: Fifty-one patients were included in the study. CSF leakage occurred in 14 patients. Of these 14 patients, 9 patients underwent lumbar drain insertion according to the proposed management algorithm. Successful resolution of CSF leakage was observed in 8 of the 9 patients who underwent lumbar drainage. All patients were encouraged to ambulate without concern of CSF overdrainage due to gravity, because it could be avoided with pump-regulated volumetric continuous CSF drainage. Therefore, complications associated with absolute bed rest or CSF overdrainage were not observed.Conclusion: The proposed management algorithm with pump-regulated volumetric continuous lumbar drainage showed safety and efficacy for management of CSF leakage following anterior decompression and fusion for OPLL.
Therapeutic Prediction of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture Using the AO Spine-DGOU Osteoporotic Fracture Classification and Classification-Based Score: A Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Mitani Koki , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Tokunaga Shinya , Inoue Tomoo , Kanematsu Ryo , Minami Manabu , Hanakita Junya
Published: December 2023

Objective: The treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) is based on their severity; however, an efficient prediction tool is lacking. We aimed to evaluate the validity of the osteoporotic fracture classification (OF classification) and scoring system (OF score) in predicting the treatment strategy for patients with OVCF, defined according to the Japanese criteria.Methods: We retrospectively investigated 487 consecutive patients diagnosed with vertebral body fractures between January 2018 and December 2022. Only patients with their fresh vertebral fracture episode during the study period were included. Patients were classified into 3 groups: conservative treatment, balloon kyphoplasty (BKP), and open surgery. OF classification and OF scores were assessed for each patient.Results: A total of 237 patients with OVCF were included. There were 127, 81, and 29 patients in the conservative, BKP, and open surgery groups, respectively. The OF score was significantly higher in the BKP and open surgery groups than in the conservative group (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that antiosteoporotic drug use, OF classification, progressive deformity, neurological symptoms and mobilization were independent risk factors for operative treatment (all p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the cutoff OF score for operative indication was 5.5, with a sensitivity of 91.9%, specificity of 56.5%, and area under the curve of 0.820 (95% confidence interval, 0.769–0.871).Conclusion: The OF score identified patients who required operative treatment with a high degree of accuracy. This is especially important for ruling out patients who definitely require operative treatment.
Effects of Obesity on Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Complications
Authors: Berry Katherine M. , Govindarajan Vaidya , Berger Connor , Maddy Krisna , Roman Roberto J. Perez , Luther Evan M. , Levi Allan D.
Published: December 2023

Objective: High body mass index is a well-established modifiable comorbidity that is known to increase postoperative complications in all types of surgery, including spine surgery. Obesity is increasing in prevalence amongst the general population. As this growing population of obese patients ages, understanding how they faire undergoing cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) is important for providing safe and effective evidence-based care for cervical degenerative pathology.Methods: Our study used the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s National Inpatient Sample to assess patients undergoing CDA comparing patient characteristics and outcomes in nonobese patients to obese patients from 2004 to 2014.Results: Our study found a significant increase in the overall utilization of CDA as a treatment modality (p = 0.012) and a statistically significant increase in obese patients undergoing CDA (p < 0.0001) from 2004 to 2014. Obesity was identified as an independent risk factor associated with increased rates of inpatient neurologic complications (odds ratio [OR], 6.99; p = 0.03), pulmonary embolus (OR, 5.41; p = 0.05), and wound infection (OR, 6.97; p < 0.001) in patients undergoing CDA from 2004 to 2014.Conclusion: In patients undergoing CDA, from 2004 to 2014, obesity was identified as an independent risk factor with significantly increased rates of inpatient neurologic complications, pulmonary embolus and wound infection. Large prospective trials are needed to validate these findings.
Utilization of Vertebroplasty/Kyphoplasty in the Management of Compression Fractures: National Trends and Predictors of Vertebroplasty/Kyphoplasty
Authors: O’Neill Brannan E. , Godil Jamila A. , Smith Spencer , Rae Ali I. , Wright Christina H. , Wright James M. , Ross Donald A. , Orina Josiah N. , Liu Jesse J. , Lin Clifford , Philipp Travis C. , Kark Jonathan , Yoo Jung U. , Ryu Won Hyung A.
Published: December 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the utilization of kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty procedures in the management of compression fractures. With the growing elderly population and the associated increase in rates of osteoporosis, vertebral compression fractures have become a daily encounter for spine surgeons. However, there remains a lack of consensus on the optimal management of this patient population.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 91 million longitudinally followed patients from 2016 to 2019 was performed using the PearlDiver Patient Claims Database. Patients with compression fractures were identified using International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision codes, and a subset of patients who received kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty were identified using Common Procedural Terminology codes. Baseline demographic and clinical data between groups were acquired. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty.Results: A total of 348,457 patients with compression fractures were identified with 9.2% of patients receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty as their initial treatment. Of these patients, 43.5% underwent additional kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty 30 days after initial intervention. Patients receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty were significantly older (72.2 vs. 67.9, p < 0.05), female, obese, had active smoking status and had higher Elixhauser Comorbidity Index scores. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that female sex, smoking status, and obesity were the 3 strongest predictors of receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty (odds ratio, 1.27, 1.24, and 1.14, respectively). The annual rate of kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty did not change significantly (range, 8%–11%).Conclusion: The majority of vertebral compression fractures are managed nonoperatively. However, certain patient factors such as smoking status, obesity, female sex, older age, osteoporosis, and greater comorbidities are predictors of undergoing kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty.
Screw Insertional Torque Measurement in Spine Surgery: Correlation With Bone Mineral Density and Hounsfield Unit
Authors: Oh Byeong Ho , Kim Jee Yong , Lee Jong Beom , Hong Jae Taek , Sung Jae Hoon , Than Khoi D. , Lee Ho Jin , Kim Il Sup
Published: December 2023

Objective: Achieving successful fusion during spine surgery is dependent on rigid pedicle screw fixation. To assess fixation strength, the insertional torque can be measured during intraoperative screw fixation. This study aimed to explore the technical feasibility of measuring the insertional torque of a pedicle screw, while investigating its relationship with bone density.Methods: Thoraco-lumbar screw fixation fusion surgery was performed on 53 patients (mean age, 65.5 ± 9.8 years). The insertional torque of 284 screws was measured at the point passing through the pedicle using a calibrated torque wrench, with a specially designed connector to the spine screw system. The Hounsfield units (HU) value was determined by assessing the trabecular portion of the index vertebral body on sagittal computed tomography images. We analyzed the relationship between the measured insertional torque and the following bone strength parameters: bone mineral density (BMD) and HU of the vertebral body.Results: The mean insertion torque was 105.55 ± 58.08 N∙cm and T-score value (BMD) was -1.14 ± 1.49. Mean HU value was 136.37 ± 57.59. Screw insertion torque was positively correlated with BMD and HU in whole patients. However, in cases of osteopenia, all variables showed very weak correlations with insertional torque. In patients with osteoporosis, there was no statistically significant correlation between BMD and torque strength; HU showed a significant correlation.Conclusion: The insertional torque of screw fixation significantly correlated with bone density (BMD and HU). HU measurements showed greater clinical significance than did BMD values in patients with osteoporosis.
The Physiological Occlusion of the Central Canal May Be a Prerequisite for Syringomyelia Formation
Authors: Jiang Chuan , Wang Xinyu , Lu Chunli , Li Qian , Ma Longbing , Li Wei , Cui Shengyu , Li Kang , Wang Xiang , Feng Yuxin , Jian Fengzeng
Published: December 2023

Objective: Syringomyelia is a common central nervous system disease characterized by the dilation of the central canal (CC). Regarding the pathogenesis of syringomyelia, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation obstruction in the subarachnoid space (SAS) of the spinal cord has been widely accepted. However, clinical and animal studies on obstructing the CSF in SAS failed to form syringomyelia, challenging the theory of SAS obstruction. The precise pathogenesis remains unknown.Methods: We utilized an extradural compression rat model to investigate the pathogenesis underlying syringomyelia. Magnetic resonance imaging enabled detection of syringomyelia formation. To assess CSF flow within the SAS, Evans blue was infused into the cisterna magna. Histological analysis allowed morphological examination of the CC. Furthermore, CSF flow through the CC was traced using Ovalbumin Alexa-Flour 647 conjugate (OAF-647). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) enabled visualization of ependymal cilia.Results: The findings showed that the dura mater below the compression segment exhibited lighter coloration relative to the region above the compression, indicative of partial obstruction within the SAS. However, the degree of SAS occlusion did not significantly differ between syringomyelia (SM-Y group) and those without (SM-N group). Intriguingly, hematoxylin and eosin staining and CSF tracing revealed occlusion of the CC accompanied by reduced CSF flow in the SM-Y group compared to SM-N and control groups. SEM images uncovered impairment of ependymal cilia inside the syringomyelia.Conclusion: CC occlusion may represent a physiological prerequisite for syringomyelia formation, while SAS obstruction serves to initiate disease onset. The impairment of ependymal cilia appears to facilitate progression of syringomyelia.
Relationship Between Types of Warming Devices and Surgical Site Infection in Patients Who Underwent Posterior Fusion Surgery Based on National Data
Authors: Kim Seung Hoon , Cha Yonghan , Seok Sang Yun , Cho Jae Hwan , Kim Bo-Yeon , Lee Hyo-Jung , Kim Gui-Ok
Published: December 2023

Objective: Perioperative hypothermia can lead to various complications. Although various warming techniques have been used to prevent perioperative hypothermia, the effect of these techniques on surgical site infection (SSI) during posterior fusion surgery is unclear. The effects of warming devices on SSI rates were therefore analyzed using data complied by the Health Insurance and Review Assessment (HIRA) Service in Korea.Methods: This study included 5,406 patients in the HIRA Service database who underwent posterior fusion surgery during the years 2014, 2015, and 2017. Factors related to SSI in these patients, including warming devices, antibiotics, and transfusion, were analyzed.Results: The incidence of SSI was higher in patients who underwent forced air warming than in those who did not undergo active warming (odds ratio [OR], 1.73; p = 0.039), especially above 70 years old (OR, 4.11; p = 0.014). By contrast, the incidence of SSI was not significantly higher in patients who underwent device using conduction. Infection rates were higher in patients who received prophylactic antibiotics within 20 minutes before incision, than within 21 to 60 minutes (OR, 2.07; p = 0.001) and who received more blood transfusions (1 pint < volume ≤ 2 pint; OR, 1.75; p = 0.008, > 2 pint; OR, 2.73; p = 0.004).Conclusion: SSI rates were higher in patients who underwent warming with forced air devices than with devices using conduction, as well as being higher in patients who older age, received blood transfusions and administered antibiotics within 20 minutes before incision. Devices using conduction have more advantages in preventing SSI than forced air warming device. In addition, the reduction of other risk factors for SSI may improve postoperative results.
The Endoscopic Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Narrative Review, and Future Perspective
Authors: Pholprajug Phattareeya , Kotheeranurak Vit , Liu Yanting , Kim Jin-Sung
Published: December 2023

Lumbar interbody fusion stands as a preferred surgical solution for degenerative lumbar spine diseases. The procedure primarily aims to establish lumbar segment stability, directly addressing patient symptoms associated with spinal complications. Traditional open surgery, though effective, is linked with notable morbidities and extended recovery time. To mitigate these concerns, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has garnered significant popularity, presenting an appealing alternative with numerous benefits such as reduced soft tissue trauma, decreased blood loss, and expedited recovery. Among MIS procedures, full endoscopic spinal surgery, characterized by its minimal invasiveness, holds the potential to further minimize morbidities while enhancing surgical outcomes. Endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion, a novel procedure within this paradigm, has gained attention for offering advantages comparable to those of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. However, the safety, efficacy, and associated surgical techniques and instrument design of this method continue to be subjects of ongoing debate. This paper critically reviews current evidence on the safety, efficacy, and advantages of endoscopic lumbar spinal interbody fusion, examining whether it could indeed supersede existing mainstream techniques.
Australian Spine Surgeon’s Perspectives on Endoscopic Spine Surgery: An In-depth Analysis
Authors: Reidy Joseph , Mobbs Ralph
Published: December 2023

Objective: Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) is a minimally invasive approach with reduced tissue trauma, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery times. It employs advanced endoscopic instruments and imaging technologies to address a wide range of spinal pathologies with minimal disruption to surrounding tissues. As ESS continues to evolve, this article aims to gather insights into the opinions and perspectives of the key stakeholders involved, and highlight strategies to improve implementation.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to collect data on Australian spine surgeons’ perspectives of ESS. The survey questionnaire was distributed electronically to a diverse group of spine surgeons who are members of the Spine Society of Australia.Results: Of responders, 46.8% were already integrating ESS into practice, or had the sufficient training to commence ESS. A further 29.8% were contemplating introduction of ESS techniques, while just under one quarter of respondents (23.4%) were not interested in implementing minimally invasive techniques. Primary motivators for implementation included skill development and improved patient outcomes. Primary barriers included lack of training opportunities, length of time to develop competency and lack of current supporting evidence.Conclusion: The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on ESS by providing a comprehensive analysis of surgeon opinions and experiences. The results highlight the growing interest in endoscopic techniques, while recognizing the challenges that need to be addressed to make this more widely utilised and available. The findings can guide future research, training programs, clinical practice and ultimately improve health and financial outcomes to patients and the wider health system.
Comparative Efficacy of Surgical Interventions for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yanting , Liu Jin , Suvithayasiri Siravich , Han Inbo , Kim Jin-Sung
Published: December 2023

Objective: We aimed to comprehensively compare surgical methods for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) using systematic review and network meta-analysis to understand their effectiveness and outcomes, as current research provides limited overviews.Methods: We followed PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) guidelines, preregistering our protocol with PROSPERO. We analyzed Englishpublished randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on adults with OVCFs that evaluated pain intensity or functionality using tools like visual analogue scale (VAS) or Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Exclusions included non-RCTs, malignancy-related fractures, and certain interventions. Using the RoB 2 tool, we assessed bias and visualized results with Robvis. Our primary outcome was pain intensity, with secondary outcomes including disability, new fractures, and cement leakage. Results were synthesized using Stata/MP.Results: Thirty-four RCTs from 10 countries, totaling 4,384 patients, were analyzed. Shortterm VAS indicated kyphoplasty with facet joint injection (KIJ) as the top treatment at 87.7%, while unipedicular kyphoplasty (UKP) led to long-term at 74.9%. Short-term ODI favored vertebroplasty with facet joint injection (VIJ) at 98.4%, with kyphoplasty (KP) leading longterm at 66.0%. All surgical techniques were superior to conservative treatment. Vertebral augmentation devices reported the fewest new fractures and curved vertebroplasty had the least cement leakage. SUCRA (surface under the cumulative ranking) analyses suggested UKP and VIJ as top choices for postoperative pain relief, with VIJ excelling in postoperative disability improvement.Conclusion: Our analysis evaluates 12 OVCF interventions, underscoring KIJ for short-term pain relief and VIJ and UKP for long-term efficacy. Notably, VIJ stands out in disability outcomes, emphasizing the need for comprehensive OVCF management.
Fusion Assessment of Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using Demineralized Bone Matrix: A 2-Year Prospective Study
Authors: Lee Sangseok , Jung Jin Woo , Lee Sang-Woo , Kim Kyoung-Tae , Kwon Heum-Dai , Lee Subum , Ko Young San , Kim Pius , Cho Dae-Chul
Published: December 2023

Objective: Although several studies have reported successful fusion rates after oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) using allografts or dimerized bone matrix (DBM) instead of autografts, whether OLIF can achieve satisfactory solid fusion without the use of autografts remains unclear. This study investigated the real fusion rates after OLIF using allografts and DBM, which were evaluated using both dynamic radiographs and computed tomography scans.Methods: We enrolled 79 consecutive patients who underwent minimally invasive OLIF followed by percutaneous pedicle screw fixation. All patients were treated with OLIF between L2 and L5 and underwent radiographic and clinical follow-ups at 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery. Radiographic assessment of fusion was performed using the modified BrantigaSteffee-Fraser (mBSF) scale, which was categorized as follows: grades I (radiographic pseudoarthrosis), II (indeterminate fusion), and III (solid radiographic fusion). Other radiologic and clinical outcomes were evaluated using the following parameters: vertebral slippage distance, disc height, subsidence, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and visual analogue scale (VAS).Results: Clinical outcomes demonstrated significant improvements in the VAS scores for back pain, leg pain, and ODI after surgery. Subsidence was present in 34 cases (35.4%) at 12 months postoperatively, which increased to 47.9% and reached 50.0% at 1.5 years and 2 years after surgery, respectively. The solid fusion rate after OLIF was 32.3% at 1 year, increased to 58.3% at 1.5 years, and reached 72.9% at 2 years. Radiographic pseudoarthrosis was 24.0% at 1 year, which decreased to 6.3% at 1.5 years and 3.1% at 2 years.Conclusion: OLIF is a safe and effective surgical procedure for the treatment of degenerative lumbar diseases. The mBSF scale, which simultaneously evaluates both dynamic angles and bone bridge formation, offers great reliability for the radiological assessment of fusion. Moreover, OLIF using allografts and DBM, which is performed on one or 2 levels at L2–5, can achieve satisfactory fusion rates within 2 years after surgery.
Structured program for therapeutic education of type 1 diabetes patients used insulin pump therapy and continuous glucose monitoring
Authors:   Endocrinology Research Centre, Mayorov Aleksandr , Melnikova Olga , Philippov Yury , Ibragimova Liudmila , Mikhina Margarita , Motovilin Oleg , Makolina Natalia , Romanenkova Elizaveta , Shestakova Ekaterina , Galstyan Gagik , Shestakova Marina
Published: December 2023

The manual for healthcare professionals and nurses to be used for the education of type 1 diabetes mellitus patients receiving insulin pump therapy and continuous glucose monitoring was developed by the employees of Endocrinology Research Centre in accordance with clinical guidelines, WHO and IDF recommendations and is based on the principle of structuring patient education. The manual contains a plan of classes and topics necessary for patients. The content of the classes is presented in a language understandable to the patients. Specific medical terminology is not used. Education of patients using the proposed program can be carried out both in the in-patients hospital and on an outpatient basis, depending on the conditions available in a particular medical institution. Approved and recommended for use by the Russian Association of Endocrinologists.
Investigando as fases do processo tradutório de um livro ilustrado
Authors: Lee Isabela Braga , Fonseca Norma Barbosa de Lima
Published: December 2023

Baseando-se na abordagem processual da tradução e em propostas de aplicação de práticas de tradução na formação de tradutores, esta pesquisa visou investigar o processo tradutório de um livro ilustrado traduzido por uma tradutora em formação. A análise concentrou-se nos insumos possíveis para a tradução, a distribuição de tempo e a natureza das fases do processo tradutório. A pesquisa foi realizada em ambiente experimental durante três dias, valendo-se da perspectiva multimetodológica de triangulação, com dados quantitativos e qualitativos de primeira e terceira pessoa. Os resultados mostram que, na tradução de livros ilustrados em mais de um dia, o processo tradutório é marcado por recursividade, já que os insumos possíveis (livro ilustrado, TF e TA emergente) podem ser consultados todos os dias, e o TA produzido pelo tradutor em um dia anterior, já revisado parcialmente, tem natureza emergente, podendo auxiliar no planejamento do TA de um dia posterior ou ser revisado. O reconhecimento de possíveis insumos contribui, portanto, para a compreensão da complexidade do processo. Além disso, as fases do processo tradutório estão imbricadas, havendo uma macrofase de redação que inclui reorientações, redações e revisões parciais. Finalmente, a imbricação das fases do processo faz com que sua natureza se altere a depender do dia de coleta. Dessa forma, o texto é mutável, e as estratégias de tradução variam de acordo com ele.
Dictionaries and encyclopedias of suicide
Authors: Costa Roger Vinícius da Silva
Published: December 2023

There are some studies that analyze definitions of the term “suicide” in academic works, as well as in generalist dictionaries and encyclopedias in several languages, but there still seems to be no investigation focused on specialized dictionaries and encyclopedias (SDEs) on this topic. Hence the general objective of this study was to describe the suicide SDEs available in the literature. To accomplish this purpose, a basic, quantitative, qualitative, descriptive, bibliographical and documental method was used. The 12 criteria proposed by John Humbley in 2018 for the analysis of SDEs were determined as the main theoretical foundation. From 2017 to 2022, through an integrative review in 6 languages and 4 databases, 8 SDEs were excluded. The 4 included ones were 2 dictionaries and 2 encyclopedias published between 2003 and 2016, 3 in English and 1 in Spanish. One of the most relevant findings was the fact that the SDEs examined try to address the various aspects of this object, instead of adopting a reductionist perspective. However, as only 4 books were analyzed, it was not possible to identify a clear pattern about all 12 criteria and all 4 sources. For example, it is not known which terms would be more feasible to include in a work of this nature nor the optimal way to predicate them. Even so, this paper is a relevant contribution to the studies on language and suicide, providing elements for the evolution of dictionaries and encyclopedias specialized on this binomial.
Platão e a Paralaxe Cognitiva
Authors: De Oliveira Lucio Antônio
Published: December 2023

Resumo: A falsidade de uma determinada tese pode ser demonstrada de muitas maneiras. Em alguns casos, uma mesma tese pode ser refutada por ângulos distintos. Noutras, apenas alguns modos específicos, ou mesmo um, pode ser adequado para demonstrar a falsidade do que se alega. Um desses modos de refutação é o da paralaxe cognitiva, sobre o qual se dissertou no livro intitulado Crença sem Corpo de L. A. Oliveira. O objetivo deste trabalho é vincular este conceito, conforme foi concebido por Oliveira, ao ἔλεγχος (elenkhos) da argumentação de Sócrates, sugerindo-a como forma de identificar algumas formas de refutação específicas usadas nos diálogos.
Palavras-Chave: Paralaxe Cognitiva, Platão, elenkhos, Sócrates
 Abstract: A falsity of a particular thesis can be demonstrated in many ways. In some cases, the same thesis can be refuted from different angles. In others, only a few specific ways, or even one, may be adequate to demonstrate the falsehood of what is claimed. One of these modes of refutation is that of cognitive parallax, which was discussed in the book entitled Crença sem Corpo de L. A. Oliveira. The aim of this work is to link this concept, as it was conceived by Oliveira, to the ἔλεγχος (elenkhos) of Socrates' argumentation, suggesting it as a way of identifying some specific forms of rebuttal used in the dialogues.
Key-Words:  Cognitive Parallax, Plato, elenkhos, Socrates
Data de registro: 05/09/2021
Data de aceite: 18/03/2022
O exemplum no ego epistolar: reflexões senequianas nas cartas lxxvii e lxxviii de epistulae morales ad lucilium
Authors: Santos Cláudia Valéria Fortes de Oliveira
Published: December 2023

Resumo: O presente artigo aspira promover reflexões sobre o entendimento estoico de Lúcio Aneu Sêneca, escritor, filósofo e político romano do século I da era cristã, com o objetivo de mostrar que o ajuizamento moral de uma ação não é unívoco, permitindo formas alternativas de extrema relevância para a concepção do homem ideal. Serão utilizadas as Cartas LXXVII e LXXVIII das Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium. Para tanto, faremos uso de nossa tradução a partir do original latino, a fim de uma melhor análise dos trechos analisados das cartas supracitadas encontradas em Ad Lucilium Epistulae Morales (1955). A compreensão senequiana denota a preocupação com a capacidade do sábio em superar as moléstias físicas e psicológicas, alcançando uma posição de exemplum. A narrativa autobiográfica localizada no início desta carta orienta a atenção do leitor para o ego epistolar[1] como um exemplo vivo do que o pensamento estoico do supracitado escritor defende.
Palavras-chave: Estoicismo; Exemplum; Sêneca
 
The exemplum in the epistolary ego: Senequian reflections in letters lxxvii and lxxviii of epistulae morales ad lucilium
Abstract: This article aspires to promote reflections on Lucius Anneus Seneca’s stoic understanding, writer, philosopher and roman politician of the 1st century of the christian era, with the objective of showing that the moral judgment of an action is not univocal, allowing alternative forms of extreme relevance to the conception of the ideal man. For this purpose, Letters LXXVII and LXXVIII of the Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium will be used. We will use our translation from the Latin original, to better analyze the analyzed excerpts of the afore mentioned letters found in Ad Lucilium Epistulae Morales (1955) The Senecan understanding denotes the concern with the sage's ability to overcome physical and psychological ailments, reaching a position of exemplum. The autobiographical narrative located at the beginning of this letter directs the reader's attention to the epistolary ego as a living example of what the aforementioned writer's stoic thought defends.
Key words: Stoicism; Exemplum; Seneca
 
Data de registro: 22/08/2022
Data de aceite: 30/09/2023
Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Temporomandibular Disorders in Adults: An Epidemiological Study in the Mediterranean Region of Turkiye
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye, esrsrt89@gmail.com, Yavuz Esra Yavuz , Yardimci Selmi ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye, Tercanli Humeyra ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
Published: December 2023

The prevalence and clinical characteristics of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in the Mediterranean region of Türkiye have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of TMD in a sample of the population in this region and to characterize the clinical findings related to TMD. Methods: Four hundred and one participants were included in this study. “Presence of TMD” in the participants was evaluated using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index. Through clinical examination, the findings in the participants were classified as limited mouth opening, deviation, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds, TMJ pain, and muscle pain. Results: The prevalence of TMD was found to be 66.8%, with “Mild TMD” being the most frequent diagnosis among the participants. Clinical findings related to TMD were detected in 48.6% of the participants, and TMJ sounds were the most common clinical finding. TMD was most commonly found in participants over the age of 52, and clinical findings related to TMD were most common in participants between the ages of 25 and 38. In addition, a relationship was found between “Presence of clinical findings” and the gender and age of the participants (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). Conclusion: The results show that females may be more prone to TMD than males. During clinical examinations, it should be considered that “Presence of clinical findings” may be related to gender and age.
Indirect Analysis Method in Design for Stability of Structural Steel Buildings
Authors: Suryoatmono Bambang , Tumena Fedora Marleen
Published: December 2023

There are three methods of design for stability defined in AISC 360-16 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, namely Direct Analysis Method (DAM), Effective-Length Method (ELM), and First-Order Analysis Method (FOM). DAM is the method that is featured by AISC. Based on DAM, Rafael Sabelli proposed another method called Indirect Analysis Method (IAM). IAM is a new method that has not generally been used, and also has not been included in the AISC Specification. This research is conducted in order to study IAM and compares the analysis results of IAM with those of DAM. Using a nonlinear structural analysis software, design and analysis were conducted for stability design of an eight-story building loaded with dead load, live load, and wind load. IAM provides a simple amplifier approach which is called B3 to address the member inelasticity, member imperfections, and uncertainty in member stiffness. From the study that has been conducted, the analysis results using IAM show close values with those of DAM, in terms of demand-to-capacity ratios, with IAM is more conservative than DAM. The use of IAM simplifies the design process without affecting the economy of the design.