bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ameliorative Effects of Teucrium polium Leaves Ethanolic Extract on Liver Histopathology Induced by Eimeria papillata
Authors: Maodaa Saleh , Alawwad Sarah , Alatawi Afaf , Abdel-Gaber Rewaida , Alhomoud Dalal , Al-Quraishy Saleh , Al-Shaebi Esam
Published: August 2024

Background: Teucrium polium is an herb utilized in traditional medicine for its biological activity. In the present study, T. polium leaves ethanolic extract (TPLEE) was investigated for its effects on coccidiosis resulting from Eimeria papillata infection in mice. Methods: In vivo, TPLEE (150 mg/kg) was administered for its antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. The anticoccidial and anti-inflammatory effects of TPLEE were evaluated by measuring oocyst suppression and assessing liver histopathology, respectively. Result: Indicated that treatment with 150 mg/kg TPLEE led to oocyst suppression percentage of 91.2±4.1, similar to the efficacy of the reference drug amprolium (93.2±3.9) and was associated with a significant decrease in the number of developmental parasitic stages in jejunal sections. Infection with the parasite causes metabolic disturbance, inflammation and liver injury, as evidenced by histopathological changes such as Kupffer cell activation, vacuolated hepatocytes and increases in inflammatory cellular infiltration. In addition, infection led to a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MAD) and nitric oxide (NO) and a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). The TPLEE showed significant hepatoprotective ability by improving the above parameters. TPLEE demonstrated both anticoccidial properties and the ability to alleviate preexisting liver damage caused by Eimeria infection.
Performance of Phytohormones under Distinct Levels of Drip Irrigation on Growth and Productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Banik Biswajyoti , Korav Santosh , Sujatha H.T. , Changade Nitin , Bisarya Dipti
Published: August 2024

Background: Agronomic practices such as the precise water application with drip irrigation and strategic use of phytohormones are crucial for optimizing wheat growth and productivity. This study assesses the performance of different phytohormones under distinct levels of drip irrigation on wheat. Methods: The research trail was conducted during rabi 2022-23, to evaluate the performance of distinct phytohormones (ABA, SA and GA) under varying levels of drip irrigation regimes on wheat (Triticum asetivum L.). The three drip irrigation levels were taken in main plots (1.0 ETc, 0.8 ETc, and 0.6 ETc) and three distinct phytohormone (ABA, SA, and GA) and water spray were taken as a subplot with three replications under split plot design. Result: The experimental results revealed that, drip irrigation at 1.0 ETc recorded significantly highest growth attributes i.e. plant height (83.32 cm), number of tillers (343.8 no.) and dry matter accumulation (688.4 g m-2) which was 8, 18, 5.6 % higher over drip irrigation level at 0.6 ETc and also foliar spray of salicylic acid recorded the highest plant height (84.77 cm), number of tillers (334.2 no.), dry matter accumulation (691.3 g m-2) compared to foliar spray of water (control). ETc 1.0 with SA spray enhanced the Chlorophyl index by 1.21% and 14.8% over ETc 0.8 and 0.6, respectively. Drip irrigation at 0.8 ETc with SA increased grain yield by 8.1% and straw yield by 5.6% over drip irrigation at 0.6 ETc which were at par with drip irrigation at 1 ETc. Hence, application of 80% irrigation through drip with 150 ppm of salicylic acid foliar spray can be recommended to farmers.
Development of a Vignette-Based Instrument to Assess Psychiatric Involuntary Hospitalization Decision-Making
Authors: Lavie Karin R. , Jacobson Kristen C. , Park Lala , Girgis Christina , Lee Royce
Published: August 2024

The decision to hospitalize a psychiatric patient against their will is an ethically and clinically complex problem. While there is variation in rates of involuntary hospitalization (IH) across different settings, we lack a tool to measure individual differences in IH decision-making. This study used a mixed-methods approach to develop and validate a vignette-based instrument designed to assess the decision to hospitalize psychiatric cases and confidence in IH decision-making. The instrument was tested locally inn= 31 psychiatrists, and the results were replicated in a national sample (n= 238). The results showed variation in IH rates across the eight vignettes. Mixed-effects models found significant variability in confidence ratings across both vignettes and participants, supporting the validity of this instrument to assess IH decision-making.
“It’s Not Love, Baby Doll. It’s Science”: Experiences of Trauma Bonding Among Survivors of Sex Trafficking
Authors: Casassa Kaitlin , England Gwen , Karandikar Sharvari
Published: August 2024

Trauma bonds between sex trafficking survivors and their traffickers or other perpetrators are one of the most complex and least understood concerns facing survivors. This community-based participatory research phenomenological study sought to understand how survivors have experienced trauma bonding. The sample consisted of 19 female survivors who were all participants in or graduates of a human trafficking specialty docket. Two themes emerged from the data. The first theme is the source of the trauma bond, namely who survivors had trauma bonds with. The second theme is features of trauma bonds, which included three subthemes: survivors have experienced trauma bonds (a) as involuntary, (b) as having lingering power, and (c) as consisting of both love and hate. These findings contain significant implications for practice, policy, and future research.
The Relationship between Dialysis Adequacy and Blood Pressure and Number of Intradialytic Hypotensive Episodes in Haemodialysis Patients
Authors: Bingölbali Ömer , Oğuz Semra
Published: August 2024

Dialysis adequacy is currently defined as the dose of dialysis that covers all functions of the kidney and is measured by adequate removal of harmful substances and excess fluid accumulated in the body. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between dialysis adequacy and blood pressure, as well as the number of intradialytic hypotensive episodes in hemodialysis patients. The study included 50 patients receiving four-hour hemodialysis three times a week at Muş State Hospital. Dialysis adequacy was based on Kt/V and URR values. Demographic data were collected by face-to-face interviews with the participants. Blood pressure, Kt/V, and URR were measured before the hemodialysis session, and then the total number of intradialytic hypotensive episodes within one hemodialysis session was recorded. There was no statistically significant correlation between Kt/V and systolic and diastolic blood pressure and number of intradialytic hypotensive episodes (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation between URR and systolic and diastolic blood pressure and number of intradialytic hypotensive episodes (P>0.05). Our study shows that there is no significant relationship between dialysis adequacy and blood pressure and number of intradialytic hypotensive episodes. Further research is needed to understand how these relationships may vary among patient groups with different demographic and clinical characteristics.
Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: A Cross-Cultural Examination of Students’ Behavioral Intentions and Attitudes
Authors: Ma Dongmin , Akram Huma , Chen Hua
Published: August 2024

Artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) has undergone considerable advancement in the contemporary period and represents an emerging technology in higher education. Cultural contexts significantly shape individuals’ perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors, particularly in the realm of technology acceptance. By adopting a cross-cultural lens, this research explores the potential variations across Chinese and international students from diverse countries in terms of attitudes and their behavioral intentions toward AI use. With a technology acceptance model (TAM) framework, the research used a survey approach, employing questionnaires as the primary means of data collection. The data were then analyzed through structural equation modeling and descriptive statistics. A substantial discrepancy was found in the prevalence, attitudes, and behavioral intentions toward AI use between Chinese and international students. Findings further revealed a stronger effect of perceived ease of use on both attitudes and behavioral intentions among international students compared with their Chinese counterparts. Findings suggest that cultural backgrounds and prior technological exposure play intricate roles in shaping perceptions of AI technology. The study emphasizes the need for tailored educational strategies to regulate diverse cultural perspectives, provide language-specific support, and ensure user-friendly interfaces. These insights contribute to the evolving discourse on technology acceptance in higher education and offer practical implications for educators and institutions toward optimizing AI integration in pedagogical practices.
Can Artificial Intelligence Give a Hand to Open and Distributed Learning? A Probe into the State of Undergraduate Students’ Academic Emotions and Test Anxiety in Learning via ChatGPT
Authors: Gao Sha
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI), as an innovation in technology, has greatly affected human life. AI applications such as ChatGPT have been used in different fields, particularly education. However, the use of AI applications to enhance undergraduate students’ academic emotions and test anxiety has not been appropriately investigated. This study addresses the effects of undergraduate students’ test anxiety and academic emotions. A total of 160 undergraduate students majoring in different fields of study were selected through convenience sampling and divided into control and experimental groups. Both groups received test anxiety and academic emotions scales at the onset of the treatment. The students assigned to the experimental group were trained to use ChatGPT and monitored for learning and doing their assignments outside the classroom during the semester. The two groups received the scales at the end of the semester, which lasted 16 weeks. Independent samples t-tests were used for analyzing the data. Results revealed that using AI-empowered applications significantly reduced the students’ test anxiety and negative academic emotions but enhanced their positive academic emotions. Students can use ChatGPT as an auxiliary instrument to overcome their negative emotions and enhance their educational attainment. Findings affect teachers, educational technologists, educational psychologists, and students.
Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Bibliometric Study on Its Role in Transforming Teaching and Learning
Authors: Durak Gürhan , Çankaya Serkan , Özdemir Damla , Can Seda
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to present a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 1,726 academic studies from among those indexed by the Web of Science database platform between 2013 and 2023, to provide a general framework for the concept of artificial intelligence in education (AIEd). Trends in publications and citations across countries, institutions, academic journals, and authors were identified, as well as collaborations among these elements. Several bibliometric analysis techniques were applied, and for each analysis, the motivations behind the execution and method of producing findings were documented. Our findings showed that the number of studies on the concept of AIEd has increased significantly over time, with the U.S. and China being the most common countries of origin. Institutions in the U.S. stand out from those around the world. Pioneering journals in education have also emerged as prominent in the field of AIEd. On the other hand, collaboration between authors has been limited. The study was supplemented with keyword analysis to reveal thematic AIEd concepts and to reflect changing trends. For those exploring artificial intelligence in education, our insights on popular topics offer valuable guidance toward greater understanding of the latest advancements and key research areas.
Mapping of Invasive Species Acacia Decurrens in Part of Mount Merbabu National Park Using Prisma Hyperspectral Imagery
Authors: Prayoga Fuad Rosyadi , Kamal Muhammad , Arjasakusuma Sanjiwana
Published: August 2024

Mount Merbabu National Park (TNGMb) is a forest area in the Mount Merbabu. Management and planting changes have caused many changes to the types of plants in TNGMb. Acacia decurrens is an invasive species and its presence in TNGMb can result in a decrease in the diversity of native vegetation types. This research aims to (1) map the distribution of Acacia decurrens plants in TNGMb using PRISMA hyperspectral imagery with the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Spectral Information Divergence (SID) methods. (2) determine and test the level of accuracy of mapping Acacia decurrens plants in TNGMb using PRISMA hyperspectral imagery. Classification results were carried out using the SAM and SID methods on PRISMA images. The best A. decurrens mapping results were SAM classification at a maximum angle of 0.3 radians with PRISMA Imagery. The distribution of Acacia decurrens in the TNGMb area is in the southwest and northwest. The best accuracy test results were from mapping Acacia decurrens with PRISMA images with an accuracy test value of 56.36%.
ALIH KODE DAN CAMPUR KODE PADA INTERAKSI PESERTA DIDIK MAN 2 TAPIN
Authors: Rega Praditya Muhammad Noor Asruri  , Mohammad Fatah Yasin  , Rusma Noortyani
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menjabarkan bentuk, faktor pemicu, dan manfaat terciptanya alih kode dan campur kode pada interaksi antara peserta didik dengan peserta didik maupun peserta didik dengan tenaga pendidik di MAN 2 Tapin. Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan deskriptif-kualitatif sebagai model pendekatannya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa alih kode dan campur kode sering tercipta dalam interaksi antar peserta didik maupun peserta didik dengan tenaga pendidik di MAN 2 Tapin. Alih kode mempunyai bentuk berupa pergantian unsur kalimat. Adapun campur kode memiliki bentuk berupa penyisipan unsur kata dan frasa. Terciptanya alih kode dan campur kode dipicu oleh berbagai faktor, seperti peserta didik, tenaga pendidik, kebiasaan, dan topik pembicaraan. Alih kode dan campur kode yang tercipta mengandung beberapa manfaat, seperti menambah keakraban antar peserta didik maupun dengan tenaga pendidik, memudahkan peserta didik untuk memahami makna tuturan tenaga pendidik, dan meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik terhadap materi pelajaran. Kata kunci: interaksi, alih kode, dan campur kode.
This study aims to describe the forms, triggering factors, and benefits of the creation of code switching and code-mixing in interactions between students and students and students and educators at MAN 2 Tapin. This research applies descriptive-qualitative as its approach model. The results of this study show that code-switching and code-mixing are often created in interactions between students and students with teaching staff at MAN 2 Tapin. Code switching has a form in the form of changing sentence elements. The code mix has the form of insertion of word and phrase elements. The creation of code switching and code mixing is triggered by various factors, such as students, teaching staff, habits, and topics of conversation. Code switching and code mixing that are created contain several benefits, such as increasing familiarity between students and educators, making it easier for students to understand the meaning of educators' speech, and increasing students' understanding of the subject matter. Keywords: interaction, code switching, and code mixing
PENERAPAN STRATEGI REKONSTRUKTIF DALAM MENCERITAKAN KEMBALI CERITA FANTASI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 1 ANJIR MUARA
Authors: Kalsum Ummi , Jumadi  , Cahaya Noor
Published: August 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerapan strategi rekonstruktif dalam menceritakan kembali cerita fantasi siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Anjir Muara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif-deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah guru Bahasa Indonesia dan 32 siswa kelas VII B. Data penelitian ini berupa pelaksanaan strategi rekonstruktif dalam pembelajaran bercerita hasil belajar siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskripsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) kelengkapan RPP dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran guru Bahasa Indonesia dengan materi menceritakan kembali cerita fantasi dengan menggunakan strategi rekonstruktif Sangat Baik, (2) hasil belajar siswa materi ini rata-rata mendapat nilai 82. Guru disarankan menggunakan strategi rekonstruktif dalam pembelajaran bercerita.Kata kunci: strategi rekonstruktif, menceritakan kembali, cerita fantasi  AbstractThis study aims to describe The Implementation of Reconstructive Strategy in Retelling The Fantasy Story at 7TH Grade Student in SMP Negeri 1 Anjir Muara. This research used a quantitative-descriptive research. The data source of this research is from Bahasa Indonesia teacher and 32 students in VII B class. This research data is in the form of implementing reconstructive strategy and student learning outcomes. The researcher collected the data using interviews, observations, and tests. The data were analyzed by using description analysis. The research results showed: (1) the complete lesson plan and Bahasa Indonesia teacher’s implementation of retelling fantasy story using reconstructive strategy is Very Good, (2) Students' learning outcomes for this material achieved an average score of 82. Teachers are advised to use reconstructive strategy in storytelling learning.Keywords: reconstructive strategy, retelling, fantasy story
KONFLIK SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL “SI ANAK KUAT” KARYA TERE LIYE
Authors: Susiani Dwi Damayanti  , Dwei Wahyu Candra Dewi  , Adminlocana Lita Luthfiyanti
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk dan penyebab konflik sosial dalam novel Si Anak Kuat karya Tere Liye. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra. Data penelitian, yaitu kutipan teks berupa kata, frasa, klausa, kalimat, dan paragraf yang mengandung makna berupa bentuk dan penyebab konflik sosial. Sumber data berupa novel Si Anak Kuat karya Tere Liye. Instrumen penelitian human instrumen dan instrumen pendukung, yaitu penanda buku, tanda kurung siku [] yang di dalamnya terdapat nomor, dan kartu data. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa teknik studi pustaka, baca, dan catat. Teknik analisis data berupa analisis isi (content analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, (1) ada dua bentuk konflik sosial, yaitu konflik realistis yang terbagi lagi menjadi unsur permusuhan dalam diri seseorang (hostile feeling) dan unsur perilaku bermusuhan (hostile behaviour), dan konflik nonrealistis. (2) Penyebab yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya konflik sosial adalah perbedaan pendirian, keinginan, pendapat, keyakinan, dan kepentingan. Kata kunci: konflik sosial, novel, sosiologi sastra.
This research aims to describe the forms and causes of social conflict in the novel Si Anak Kuat by Tere Liye. This research is a type of qualitative research with a literary sociology approach. Research data, namely text quotations in the form of words, phrases, clauses, sentences and paragraphs which contain meaning in the form and causes of social conflict. The data source is the novel Si Anak Kuat by Tere Liye. Human research instruments and supporting instruments, namely bookmarks, square brackets [] containing numbers, and data cards. Data collection techniques include library study, reading and note taking techniques. The data analysis technique is content analysis. The research results show that, (1) there are two forms of social conflict, namely realistic conflict which is divided into elements of hostility within a person (hostile feeling) and elements of hostile behavior (hostile behavior), and non-realistic conflict. (2) The underlying causes of social conflict are differences in stance, desires, opinions, beliefs and interests. Keywords: social conflict, novel, sociology of literature.
MANIFESTASI NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM CERITA RAKYAT KALIMANTAN SELATAN SERTA RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR
Authors: Ratna Sari Dinda Ayu Nurkamila , Sainul Hermawan  , Dewi Alfianti
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan nilai pendidikan karakter cerita rakyat Kalimantan Selatan serta memberikan referensi bahan ajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode deskriptif. Analisis data menggunakan teknik content analysis model Endraswara. Sumber data penelitian, yaitu delapan buku cerita rakyat dengan data berupa kutipan yang menunjukkan tujuh nilai karakter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rasa hormat terdapat pada 6 cerita, tanggung jawab pada 8 cerita, kejujuran pada 5 cerita, toleransi pada 4 cerita, kebijaksanaan pada 5 cerita, tolong-menolong pada 8 cerita, dan demokrasi pada 4 cerita. Cerita rakyat yang diteliti selaras dengan nilai pendidikan karakter, kecuali nilai tolong-menolong yang terdapat pada salah satu kutipan di buku Asal Mula Tajau Pecah dan Beramban, dan nilai tanggung jawab yang terdapat pada salah satu kutipan di cerita Utuh Gariwai dan Tombak Pusaka. Penelitian ini menunjukkan relevansi sebagai bahan ajar berbasis pendidikan karakter.                                Kata kunci: Nilai pendidikan karakter, cerita rakyat, bahan ajar 
This research aims to describe the values of character education in South Kalimantan folklore and provide references as teaching materials. This research uses a qualitative approach and descriptive methods. Data analysis uses content analysis techniques with the Endraswara model. The data source for this research is eight books of South Kalimantan folklore with data in the form of quotes showing the seven character values contained in the folklore. The research results show that the character education component is contained in folklore. The value of respect is found in 6 stories, responsibility is found in 8 stories, honesty is found in 5 stories, tolerance is found in 4 stories, wisdom is found in 5 stories, mutual help is found in eight stories, and democracy is found in 4 stories. The folklore studied is in line with the value of character education, except for the value of helping which is found in one of the quotes in the book Asal Mula Tajau Pecah and Beramban, as well as the value of responsibility which is found in one of the quotes in the story Utuh Gariwai and Tombak Pusaka. This research shows its relevance as a teaching material based on character education. Keywords:The values of character education, folklore, teaching materials
NOVELISASI GAME ASSASSIN’S CREED UNITY (KAJIAN INTERTEKSTUAL)
Authors: Muhammad Hafiz Ansari  , Sainul Hermawan  , Dewi Alfianti
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persamaan dan perbedaan antara unsur pembangun dari novel dengan versi gamenya. Fokus utama penelitian ini ialah permainan video dan novelisasi Assassin’s Creed Unity sebagai kajian penelitian dengan mengkaji persamaan dan perbedaan yang terdapat pada keduanya. Perbedaan dan persaman yang dimaksud ialah pada unsur intrinsiknya terdiri atas tokoh penokohan, latar, alur, dan sudut pandang pada gim dan novel. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif komparatif, yaitu mendeskripsikan dan membandingkan. Hasil pada penelitian ini terdapat persamaan dan perbedaan yang disebabkan oleh adanya penambahan dan pengurangang pada setiap unsur intrinsiknya. Kata kunci: intertekstual, novelisasi, dan gim
The purpose of this study is to describe the similarities and differences between the elements of the novel and the game version. The main focus of this research is the video game and novelization of Assassin's Creed Unity as a research study by examining the similarities and differences found in both. The differences and similarities in question are in the intrinsic elements consisting of characterization, setting, plot, and point of view in the game and novel. The method used is descriptive comparative, which is describing and comparing. The results in this study are similarities and differences caused by the addition and subtraction of each intrinsic element. Keywords: intertextual, novelization, game
EVALUASI MEDIA PENDIDIKAN FORMATIF PADA VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI KANAL YOUTUBE QUIPPER INDONESIA
Authors: Abidin Ahmad , Ahsani Taqwiem  , Dewi Alfianti
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hasil penerapan Evaluasi Media Pendidikan Formatif pada pembelajaran yang menggunakan video pembelajaran di kanal YouTube Quipper Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah observasi. Data penelitian berupa hasil observasi kegiatan pembelajaran, rekapitulasi hasil tes awal, dan tes akhir, serta hasil wawancara yang disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa video pembelajaran di kanal YouTube Quipper Indonesia yang berjudul “Ide Pokok, Kalimat Utama, dan Kalimat Penjelas - Bahasa Indonesia (Quipper Video)”, efektif digunakan di dalam pembelajaran, namun ada beberapa catatan untuk pengembangan yakni perlu ditambahkan animasi pendukung dan memperhatikan penggunaan diksi pada bagian penjelasan materi ajar. Kata kunci: evaluasi media, Quipper Indonesia, pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia.
This research aims to see the results of implementing Formative Education Media Evaluation in learning using learning videos on the Quipper Indonesia YouTube channel. This research uses a qualitative-descriptive method. The data collection technique for this research is observation. Research data consists of the results of observations of learning activities, recapitulation of initial test results and final tests, as well as interview results which are presented in descriptive form. The results of the research show that the learning videos on the Quipper Indonesia YouTube channel, entitled “Ide Pokok, Kalimat Utama, dan Kalimat Penjelas - Bahasa Indonesia (Quipper Video)”, are effective for use in learning, but there are several notes for development, namely the need to add supporting animations and pay attention to the use of diction in the explanation part of teaching material. Keywords: media evaluation, Quipper Indonesia, learning, Indonesian language
KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN DALAM ANTOLOGI PUISI “GEMURUH PUISI” DARI KALIMANTAN KARYA ALI SYAMSUDIN ARSI
Authors: Achmad Zulkifli Altinus  , Ahsani Taqwiem  , Faradina
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kerusakan lingkungan yang direpresentasikan dalam puisi Ali Syamsudin Arsi dengan melihat penggunaan pilihan kata (diksi) dan citraan, serta mendeskripsikan pembelaan penyair terhadap kerusakan lingkungan. Pendekatan ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan ekokritik sastra yang merupakan cabang dari ekologi sastra. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik studi pustaka. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik analisis data struktural dan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, (1) kerusakan lingkungan yang direpresentasikan melalui pilihan kata (diksi) dan citraan di dalam puisi bukan hanya khayalan, melainkan cerminan nyata kerusakan lingkungan yang terjadi di sekitar. (2) Puisi dapat menjadi media yang tepat untuk melakukan pembelaan terhadap kerusakan lingkungan seperti menyuarakan sikap protes, keprihatinan, imbauan, perlawanan, serta mengajak pembaca pada kesadaran untuk peduli dan membenahi apabila terjadi kerusakan lingkungan, yang disampaikan baik secara tersurat maupun tersirat. Kata Kunci: Kerusakan Lingkungan, Puisi, dan Ekokritik
This research aims to know and describe the environmental damage represented in Ali Syamsudin Arsi's poetry by looking at the use of word choice (diction) and imagery, and describe the poet's defense of environmental damage. This approach uses descriptive qualitative research with a literary ecocriticism approach which is a branch of literary ecology. The data collection technique used is literature study technique. Data analysis was carried out using structural and descriptive data analysis techniques. The results of this study show that, (1) environmental damage represented through word choice (diction) and imagery in poetry is not just a fantasy, but a real reflection of environmental damage that occurs around. (2) Poetry can be the right media to defend environmental damage such as voicing protests, concerns, appeals, resistance, and inviting readers to awareness to care and fix when environmental damage occurs, which is conveyed both explicitly and implicitly. Keywords: Environmental Damage, Poetry, and Ecocriticism
Direct Numerical Simulation of Supersonic Gas Flow Through a Circular Cylindrical Channel
Authors:   Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Lipanov A. M. ,   Udmurt Federal Research Center UB RAS, Karskanov S. A.
Published: August 2024

The results of the theoretical solution of the problem of braking a supersonic flow in a round pipe based on direct numerical simulation by integrating the Navier – Stokes equations without the use of additional models and empirical constants are shown. Shaded maps of density distribution depending on flow parameters are presented. The flow consists of successive rhombus-shaped shock waves distributed along the entire length of the channel. It is determined that the size of x-shaped structures depends on the flow parameters. At a lower Mach number, the rhombuses have a smaller size and, accordingly, their number increases along the length of the channel. The Reynolds number also affects the size of structures, however, it is less pronounced. With a lower Reynolds number, x-shaped structures have a smaller size. It is shown that over time the flow tends to a stationary state.
Overview of energy policy in Iran: the proper path to clean energy
Authors: Hasheminejad Maryam , Raei Hasan , Maleki Abbas
Published: August 2024

This article evaluates the existing energy policy in Iran, focusing on the nation’s heavy reliance on fossil fuels and the implications of such dependency. With one of the world’s highest energy intensities, Iran’s energy consumption significantly overshadows its economic output, largely due to subsidized energy prices that discourage efficient use. This study highlights the economic, environmental, and societal challenges stemming from this unsustainable energy consumption, including excessive natural resource depletion, environmental degradation, and economic inefficiencies. It proposes a strategic shift toward renewable energy sources, especially solar and wind carriers, outlining necessary domestic and foreign policy changes to facilitate this transition. The study’s findings indicate that certain modifications to Iran’s domestic and foreign policy are required. These include reorganizing energy pricing and regulations, increasing public awareness, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting international collaborations to facilitate the advancement of cleaner energy technologies.
Differential models for radiative heat transfer in scattering media: applications in aerospace engineering
Authors: Dombrovsky Leonid A.
Published: August 2024

The ordinary combination of the transport approximation for the scattering phase function with differential models for radiative and combined heat transfer in scattering media characterized by multiple scattering of thermal radiation has proven a reliable theoretical basis for approximate computational models used in various heat transfer problems in aerospace engineering. This statement is based on an analysis of several important applications such as the thermal radiation of the exhaust jets of solid-propellant rocket engines, the energy efficiency of liquid droplet radiators for space applications, heat transfer in vacuum thermal insulations of space vehicles in the case when the fibrous spacer is used in the insulations, solar probe shielding from intense solar radiation with the use of a cloud of silicon carbide particles generated by composite thermal insulation, and estimates of the radiative heat transfer in the reentry problem. The main ideas of this mini-review are expected to be useful for further research in aerospace engineering.
Light Output Function and Pulse-Shape Discrimination Capability of P-terphenyl Organic Scintillator in Wide Energy Range
Authors: Jančář Aleš , Kopecký Zdeněk , Čulen Jiří , Matěj Zdeněk , Košťál Michal
Published: August 2024

In this work, we studied light-output properties, efficiency function as well as PSD capability of p-Terphenyl scintillator. The selected solid cylindrical scintillation detector has a size of (45 x 45) mm with PSD properties. Recently presented studies of light-output functions have been meas-ured only for low neutron energies. Our motivation has been to determine more accurate the light output function for p-Terphenyl scintillator over a wider neutron energy range.
The measurements have been carried out with mono-energetic neutron beams in the wide energy range from 2.5 to 19 MeV. The neutron-gamma spectrometric system, which we developed has been used for the measurement. The input analogue signal from the detector is digitized with fast 12-bits analogue to digital converter with sampling frequency of 1 GHz. Measured data from the detector are processed into gamma and neutron spectra.
The light output function for protons has been determined by finding the position of the protons for given neutron energies. The more accurate light output function for p-Therphenyl scintillator has been calculated. The pulse-shape discrimination capability as well as efficiency of p-Terphenyl scintillator in comparison with NE-213 equivalent detector is lower.
Homeostasis - Resiliance and Susceptibility
Authors: Olsen Steven
Published: August 2024

There are many features of homeostasis worth investigating such as how it works (information pathways, set point processing), where its command and control processors are located in the cell, the language used and how homeostasis interacts with all aspects of an organism's functional maintenance and development. All are necessary and valid inquiries, but this paper examines the implications of ignoring it as a factor of disease causation. Alternatively when properly understood the homeostasis profile becomes a rational explanation for any individual’s range of health; where some areas are very resistant to disease (resilient) and other areas of homeostasis are dysfunctional leading to minor, moderate or very susceptible tendencies to disease (lack of resilience in homeostasis). An understanding of this phenomenon, its interactions with gene expression (epigenetics) is necessary in order to evaluate the solutions for acute and chronic diseases. By this method diseases can be defined more precisely as specific susceptibilities in homeostasis, leading to a method to restore specific homeostasis functions.
Geochemical Characteristics of Modern River-Sand and Its Bearing on the Mineral Exploration in the Manufahi Area, Timor-Leste
Authors: Vilanova Vital , Ohtani Tomoyuki , Kojima Satoru , Yatabe Kazuma , Moniz Elizario
Published: August 2024

Geochemical mapping of river sands in the Manufahi area of Timor-Leste revealed potential areas for future mineral exploration. River sand samples from the study area were collected and geochemically analyzed to identify anomalous concentration distributions of several valuable elements and locate potential target areas and geological formations that may host mineral deposits. The 26 major and minor elements were identified using wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence. The river sands exhibited varying elemental concentrations, with Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ba showing deviations from the normal distribution patterns. Identification of geochemical anomalies is an important task in mineral exploration geochemistry. The mean + 2 standard deviations (mean+2STD), median + 2 median absolute deviations (median+2MAD), and Tukeyâs inner fence (TIF) methods were used to determine the geochemical thresholds. This study shows that TIF and principal component analysis (PCA) methods are highly effective in calculating appropriate threshold values and identifying relevant elemental associations. These approaches have proven useful for delineating target areas for mineral deposits, resulting in reliable outcomes. Four predicted target areas with high potential for deposits and mineralization anomalies of Cr, Cu, Ni, and Ba were delineated in the study area.
AI-driven Diagnostic Processes and Comprehensive Multimodal Models in Pain Medicine
Authors: Cascella Marco , Leoni Marco L.G. , Shariff Mohammed Naveed , Varrassi Giustino
Published: August 2024

Pain diagnosis remains a challenging task due to its subjective nature, the variability in pain expression among individuals, and the difficult assessment of the underlying biopsychosocial factors. In this complex scenario, artificial intelligence (AI) can offer the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy, predict treatment outcomes, and personalize pain management strategies. This review aims at dissecting the current literature on computer-aided diagnosis methods. It also discusses how AI-driven diagnostic methods can be integrated into multimodal models that combine various data sources, such as facial expression analysis, neuroimaging, and physiological signals, with advanced AI techniques. Despite the significant advancements in AI technology, its widespread adoption in clinical settings faces crucial challenges. Ethical considerations related to patient privacy, biases, and lack of reliability and generalizability are the main issues. Furthermore, there is a need for high-quality real-word validation as well as the development of standardized protocols and policy rules to guide the implementation of these technologies in diverse clinical settings.
A Feasibility Study of a Music Enrichment Program on Relative Reinforcing Value of Food and Home Environmental Enrichment among Families of Low Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Kong Kai Ling , Smith Amy , Salley Brenda , Hanson-Abromeit Deanna , Engel Hideko Marie , Serwatka Catherine
Published: August 2024

Emerging evidence suggests that low socioeconomic status (SES) home environments may play a role by promoting excess energy intake through a lack of access to non-food reinforcers. Because of the deleterious effects of SES related disparities on child health and development, feasible and culturally acceptable interventions are urgently needed. Community-based music enrichment programs may be an ideal intervention strategy. In collaboration with a local non-profit organization and music studio, we conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of a music enrichment program versus playdate control in a group of 9-24-month-old healthy infants (N = 16). Overall, we found some intervention effects on relative reinforcing value of food (RRVfood) and the home environmental enrichment measures (i.e., increased music use at home and home language environment). Our intervention demonstrated large effects on an increased use of music at home. We did not find significant group differences on the RRVfood and home language environment, but some of the effect sizes were medium-to-large. Results also suggest that our intervention is feasible and acceptable. Parent feedback indicated the intervention was well-liked and steps we took to help reduce barriers worked. Music enrichment programs maybe a high-impact, low-cost strategy to address socioeconomic disparities.
Chicken Embryo Fibroblast Viability and Trans-Differentiation Potential for Cultured Meat Production Across Passages
Authors: Kim So-Hee , Kim Chan-Jin , Lee Eun-Yeong , Hwang Young-Hwa , Joo Seon-Tea
Published: August 2024

This study was conducted to analyse viability of primary chicken embryo fibroblasts by pre-plating and efficiency of adipogenic trans-differentiation for cultured meat production. Morphology and proliferative capabilities of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) were compared with those of chicken satellite cells (CSC) isolated from chicken embryos. Isolated CEF exhibited significantly lower expression of Pax7 (paired-box protein 7) and MHC (Myosin Heavy Chain) than CSC (p < 0.05). Over 90% of isolated CEF expressed CD29 and Vimentin. Analysis of proliferative capabilities of CEF revealed no significant differences in EdU-positive cell (%), cumulative cell number, doubling time, and growth rate from passage 1 to passage 9 (p > 0.05). Up to the passage 9, CEF underwent adipogenic trans-differentiation. As passages increased, lipid accumulation and adipocyte size decreased significantly (p < 0.05). This indicates that CEF can be isolated by 2 hours of pre-plating and survive stably up to the 9th generation. Moreover, efficient production of fat can be achieved by inducing adipogenic trans-differentiation of lower-generation CEF.
Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Diagnosis of Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Biliary Tract Cancer
Authors: Murakami Takashi , Shimizu Hiroaki , Nojima Hiroyuki , Shuto Kiyohiko , Usui Akihiro , Kosugi Chihiro , Koda Keiji
Published: August 2024

Objective: The diagnostic efficacy of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for lymph node metastasis in biliary tract cancer was investigated in the present study.
Methods: Surgically resected 112 lymph nodes from 35 biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients were examined in this study. Values of the ADC mean and minimum of lymph nodes, as well as short-axis and long-axis diameters of lymph nodes were assessed by computed tomography (CT). The relationship between these parameters and the presence of histological lymph node metastasis was evaluated.
Results: Histological lymph node metastasis was detected in 31 (27.7%) out of 112 lymph nodes. The short-axis diameter in metastatic lymph nodes was significantly larger than that in non-metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0.002), but the long-axis diameter was not significantly different between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes. Both ADC mean and minimum values in metastatic lymph nodes were significantly lower than those in non-metastatic lymph nodes (P < 0.001, respectively). However, the ADC minimum value showed the highest accuracy for the diagnosis of histological lymph node metastasis, with an area under the curve of 0.877, sensitivity of 87.1%, specificity of 82.7%, and accuracy of 83.9%.
Conclusions: The ADC minimum value on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was very useful for the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in BTC.
A Survey of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Concepts, Applications, and Challenges
Authors: Mienye Ibomoiye Domor , Obaido George , Jere Nobert , Mienye Ebikella , Aruleba Kehinde , Emmanuel Ikiomoye Douglas , Ogbuokiri Blessing
Published: August 2024

Explainable AI (XAI) has the potential to transform healthcare by making AI-driven medical decisions more transparent, trustworthy, and ethically compliant. Despite its promise, the healthcare sector faces several challenges, including balancing interpretability and accuracy, integrating XAI into clinical workflows, and ensuring adherence to rigorous regulatory standards. This paper provides a comprehensive review of XAI in healthcare, covering techniques, challenges, opportunities, and advancements, thereby enhancing the understanding and practical application of XAI in healthcare. The study also explores responsible AI in healthcare, discussing new perspectives and emerging trends and providing valuable insights for researchers and practitioners. The insights and recommendations presented aim to guide future research and policy-making, promoting the development of transparent, trustworthy, and effective AI-driven solutions.
A Single Dose Intraperitoneal Injection of P. gingivalis Outer Membrane Vesicle (OMV) Stimulated Expressions of Neuroinflammatory Markers and Histopathological Changes in the Brain of Adult Zebrafish
Authors: Adewoyin Malik , Mohamed Hamarsha , Akinsola Rasaq , Teoh Seong Lin , Azmai Mohammad Noor Amall , Abu Bakar Noraini , Nasruddin Nurrul Shaqinah
Published: August 2024

Porphyromonas gingivalis is the major pathogenic bacteria found in the subgingival plaque of patients with periodontitis, leading to neuroinflammation. The bacteria destroy periodontal tissue through its virulence factors which are retained in the bacteria’s outer membrane vesicles (OMV). The purpose of this study was to determine the real time effect of intraperitoneal in-jection of P. gingivalis OMV on the production and expression of inflammatory markers as well as histopathological changes in the central nervous system (CNS) of adult zebrafish. Fol-lowing the LD50 (21 µg of OMV), the zebrafish were injected intraperitoneally with 18 µg of OMV and control group with normal saline at 7 different time points. Brains of experimental zebrafish were dissected at desired time points for colorimetric assays, ELISA and histology. This study discovered that nitric oxide and PGE2 were significantly increased at 45 minutes while IL-1β and IL-6 were expressed at subsequent 12- and 24-hours. respectively. Histopatho-logical changes such as blood coagulation, astrocytosis, oedema, spongiosis, and necrosis were also observed between 6- and 24-hours. The two apoptotic enzymes, caspases 3 and 9 were not expressed at any time point. In summary, the OMV induced neuroinflammatory responses and histopathological changes in adult zebrafish were time point dependent
Inter-molecular Binding Affinity Synthetic Data Augmentation Transforms the Landscape of Computational Biomolecule Design and Discovery
Authors: Li Wei
Published: August 2024

The advancement of computational drug discovery and design necessitates continuous innovation to enhance the accuracy and scope of predictive models for early-stage drug research and development. This article introduces a novel workflow for in silico generation of structural and intermolecular binding affinity data with reasonable accuracy, combining two computational tools: Modeller and Prodigy. By leveraging synthetic structural and biophysical data, this approach addresses the limitations of existing experimental datasets, generating extensive, high-quantity binding affinity data with reasonable accuracy for biomolecular binding pairs, which broadens the horizon of computational biomolecule design and discovery by enabling extensive exploration of the sequence space of biomolecular binding pairs, and narrows the gap between experimental binding affinity data and its unexplored territories. Overall, this article presents a methodological advance to enhance the accuracy and scope of computational biomolecule discovery and design, paves the way for the development of preclinical candidates with improved efficacy and specificity, and holds transformative potential for further advancements in artificial intelligence-enabled biomolecule discovery and design in the future.
Ultrasonic Technology for Hydrocarbon Raw Recovery and Processing
Authors: Myltykbayeva Zhannur , Mussabayeva Binur Khabasovna , Ongarbayev Yerdos , Imanbayev Yerzhan , Muktaly Dinara
Published: August 2024

A review discusses recent research findings spanning the last two decades concerning ultrasonic technologies applicable to the oil, gas, and coal sectors. Various experiments conducted in laboratories have demonstrated the efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness of ultrasound in recovering and processing oil, bitumen, coal, and oil shale. Ultrasound enhances formation permeability, coal gas permeability, and oil viscosity, particularly when delivered in short, powerful pulses at medium frequencies. Combining ultrasound with traditional recovery methods has shown promising results, boosting recovery efficiency by up to 100%. At the same time, ultrasonic treatment reduces the use of traditional reagents, thereby reducing environmental pollution. Moreover, ultrasound treatment shows potential in tasks such as separating oil-water emulsions, desulfurization, dewaxing oil, coal enrichment, and extracting valuable metals from metal-bearing shales through hydrometallurgical leaching. However, widespread industrial implementation of ultrasonic technology necessitates further field and mathematical research.