bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
КАСКАДНЫЕ ЛИТНИКОВЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ ПРИ ЛГМ
Authors: Шинский В.О. , Дорошенко В.C.
Published: November 2024

Важным преимуществом литья по газифицируемым моделям наряду с повышением точности литья является возможность достижения высокой металлоемкости формы, недостижимой для литья в разъемных формах, а также сокращение процессов формовки и заливки форм металлом. Пример модельного блока с десятками моделей «гильза» показан на рис. 1. Основу его Рис. 1. Примеры конструирования модельных блоков на базе каскадной литниковой системы (фотографии взяты с сайта www.lgm.com.ua).конструкции составляет каскадная (трехуровневая) литниковая система, несущая на себе десятки отливок и позволяющая их запитать в оптимальном режиме, включая шлакоотделение благодаря специальным утолщениям (уловителям шлака) на концах горизонтальных коллекторов. На рис. 1 в верхнем ряду показаны модельный блок и литниковая система, в нижнем ряду - блок отливок «гильза», отдельная отливка «гильза» и блок моделей «корпус электродвигателя». C уменьшением массы литых конструкций для изделий машиностроения, в первую очередь транспортных средств, ЛГМ-процесс при росте металлоемкости форм позволяет увеличить выход годного и экономить формовочные материалы. В развитие таких возможностей в настоящее время под рук. проф. Шинского О. И. ведется разработка научных и технологических основ по созданию литых конструкций из черных и цветных сплавов, оптимальных процессов их получения и автоматизированных методов проектирования. Литейные процессы точных (специальных) методов литья, созданные во ФТИМС, как ЛГМ, литье по растворяемым, выжигаемым, ледяным моделям в контейнерных неразъемных формах, в сочетании с литьем в вакуумируемую или оболочковую формы (с их экологическими достоинствами) под давлением или гравитационной заливкой имеют значительный потенциал для снижения массы отливок. Последнее возможно на основе применения созданных во ФТИМС высокопрочных сплавов, методов армирования и специальной обработки металла. Расчет каскадных литниковых систем при ЛГМ вели по работам [1, 2], а оптимизация относительно гидравлики возможна согласно патенту UA 90494 «Пространственная металлическая отливка».
Acoustic Sensor for Gate Valves
Authors: Olmedo E. J.
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the development of an acoustic sensing system designed to detect potential leaks in Oil & Gas operations and valve positions. The primary objective is to enhance safety and operational efficiency through real-time monitoring of valve status and early detection of anomalies. This system aims to provide an integrated solution by analyzing acoustic signals to identify both valve positions and the presence and quantification of leaks.

The proposed method uses a distributed network of acoustic sensors capable of capturing high-frequency sound waves generated by valve activity and fluid flow. These sensors are strategically positioned around the valve body to ensure maximum sensitivity to the acoustic signals associated with different operating states. Advanced algorithms process these signals, filtering out ambient noise and isolating specific patterns related to valve positions and leaks. The data will be then integrated into a real-time monitoring platform that will provide alerts and visualizations, offering a reliable and continuous assessment of valve status and potential leak occurrences.

Preliminary laboratory results show that the system can distinguish between normal valve operations, different positions, and leak events. The identification of acoustic patterns and their correlation with known valve states validates the system's effectiveness. The detection of leaks at an early stage minimizes environmental impact and reduces economic losses due to unplanned shutdowns and material waste. Ongoing development focuses on optimizing sensor placement, refining data processing algorithms, and testing in real-world conditions to ensure robustness and reliability.

This work introduces an innovative approach to acoustic sensing for valve monitoring in Oil & Gas environments, combining real-time acoustic signal analysis with advanced data processing. The collaboration with the Department of Sound Engineering at the University of Tres de Febrero adds significant academic and technical value, contributing to the existing literature by offering a more integrated and efficient solution for valve monitoring and leak detection than current methods. The system's ability to detect anomalies early and accurately makes it a valuable tool for practicing engineers seeking to enhance operational safety and efficiency.
Modular Polymer Expansion Strategy: Fullfield 3D Reservoir Modeling and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Llanes J. , Gonzalez G. , Campos H. , Minor L. , Juri J. E.
Published: November 2024

After the successful results of the first polymer injection pilot in El Trébol field (started in 2022) that demonstrated substantial bypassed oil after 47-years under waterflood, the next step of the project is to move towards the expansion of polymer injection to other areas. De-risking new potential polymer injection areas has a high impact on the design of the EOR development plan for the entire field.

The objective of this paper is to show the integrated workflow for the 3D Full-Field reservoir modeling containing 405 drilled wells, 850 meters of stratigraphic column and 90 years of production history to unlock EOR potential.

The FullField model area covers approximately 26.4 km2 called "Bloque III" in the El Trébol Field. We tested different facies modelling algorithms to evaluate the lateral connectivity of the sand bodies and different variograms and their azimuth. The workflow for dynamic simulation is divided into 3 parts.1) Geological models section shows the different geological scenarios we tested with different degrees of lateral connectivity of the sand bodies. 2) The dynamic reservoir simulation section shows the different tuning parameters, the variables used for sensitivity analysis, and the optimization variables that we use for history matching, and 3_The forecast section shows the uncertainty parameters that we tested for the forecasting scenarios.

For initialization, we ran cases from the capillary-gravity equilibrium beginning in 1937 (+85 years of production history). We used dummy injector wells to ensure water injection rate at different well intervals during the life of the injection wells. The History matching strategy was based on a partial and incremental history matching according to the development of the field over the years. To design the EOR Field development plan, we determined the sweet-spot polymer injection areas and the target main channels using the in-situ oil tracers which were added to rank the different injection patterns. We also considered the restrictions from roads and surface facilities to make the project more valuable. We used a clustering or grouping process where we used all runs of uncertainty parameter sensitivities to detect groups of curves with similar characteristics in terms of cumulative oil production and maximum oil rate. we use a reduced set of curves that contains one production profile per group to obtain the maximum, average, and minimum incremental oil profiles. The application of tertiary recovery techniques by polymer injection can significantly increase oil production in the field in terms of 8-14% OOIP and prolong its useful life.

The methodology used in this study can be applied to other fields with similar characteristics. The 3D modeling and numerical simulation results allowed us to conceptualize the expansion strategy for polymer injection across the whole field using the model (+50 polymer injector).
Mantle oxidation controlled by redox dynamics of Mariana-type subduction settings
Authors: Li Sanzhong , Duan Wenyong , Connolly James , Keken Peter van , Gerya Taras , Schertl Hans-Peter , Willner Arne , Li Xu-Ping
Published: November 2024

Subduction transports oxidized material into Earth’s interior. Here, we simulate redox dynamics and fluid-melt release along a complete Mariana-type subduction setting in two dimensions. The Mariana-type subduction was chosen as a representative example of modern plate-tectonic regimes: It provides a very comprehensive set of geological, geochemical and geodynamical data ensuring precise results of long-term oxidation events. Our findings demonstrate two key mechanisms of subduction-related mantle oxidation. Firstly, the sulfide oxidation during subduction enables fluids to carry substantial redox budget into the sub-arc mantle. Partially hydrated mantle emerge as the primary fluid contributor followed by altered oceanic crusts. Secondly, Fe3+-rich partial melts extracted from slab-top sediments and altered oceanic crusts, exert a dominant influence on the back-arc mantle oxidation. The majority of oxidized material is carried into the deeper mantle with subducted slab. Our work demonstrates that with the advent of modern plate tectonics and thus efficient lithospheric recycling, the oxidized material carried by Mariana-type subduction zones has had a profound global impact on Earth's mantle redox evolution and our planet oxygenation.
Sources and Factors Influencing Microplastic Concentration during Monsoon Season in Ganga River, Bihar, India
Authors: . Varsha , Ranjan Rajeev , Ram Vinay Kumar , Singh Sushil Kumar
Published: November 2024

The aquatic ecology is becoming more and more vulnerable to the harmful effects of microplastic (MP) pollution. One of India's longest rivers, the Ganga, is home to an enormous variety of wildlife. The Ganga River receives untreated residential and industrial waste from major Indian cities situated on its banks, in addition to traffic trash that is mostly responsible for the occurrence of MP. The purpose of this study is to clarify the distribution of MP in the Ganga at sampling sites (S1 to S3) in the Patna area during the monsoon season based on their size, shape, and kind. All surface water samples along the Ganga were found to contain MP, with the greatest concentrations (946.5 ± 48.7 particles per m3) found in S2 of Patna city. In the surface water, the average MP concentration across the three sites was 858.5 ± 224.34 (SD) particles per m3 (1.05 particles L-1). Moreover, fiber and fragment particles dominated the MP distribution. The concentration of MP showed a positive correlation with both the number of drains in the Ganga River that discharged untreated and runoff water (r = 0.62; p < 0.05) and the population density in the area (r = 0.87; p < 0.05). With a buffer radius of two kilometers, MP were positively correlated with both urbanization and precipitation; the correlation coefficients in the buffer were (0.49; p < 0.05 and 0.92; p < 0.05, respectively). This study provides fresh insights into the effects of heavily urbanized cities on MP pollution and increases our understanding of MP pollution in the Ganga. These insights can be utilized as baseline data to assess specific mitigation strategies.
Cas9-expressing cattle using all-in-one CRISPR/Cas9 for bovine genome editing
Authors: Kwon Dong-Hyeok , Gim Gyeong-Min , Yum Soo-Young , Eom Kyeong-Hyeon , Lee Song-Jeon , Han Sang-Eun , Kim Hee-Soo , Kim Hyeong-Jong , Lee Woo-Sung , Choi Woo-Jae , Lee Ji-Hyun , Jung Dae-Jin , Kim Dae-Hyun , Yi Jun-Koo , Moon Byeongho , Lee Won-You , Jang Goo
Published: November 2024

Background
Livestock, particularly cattle, are crucial for biotechnology fields, such as genetic breeding, infectious diseases, bioreactors, and specific disease models. However, genetic engineering in cattle has lagged due to long gestation periods, single embryo pregnancies, and high rearing costs. Additionally, the slow validation of germline transmission and the absence of germline-competent embryonic stem cells hinder progress. With the development of genome editing technologies like ZFN, TALEN, and CRISPR-Cas9, recent advancements have shown that Cas9-expressing pigs and chickens have been successfully produced. We hypothesize that generating CRISPR/Cas9-expressing cattle and their resources will provide a powerful resource for bovine genome editing, advancing our understanding of bovine genetics and disease resistance.
Results
In this study, two types of CRISPR/Cas9-expressing cattle were successfully produced: Cas9-RFP-FatI, Cas9-GFP-sgPRNP. Somatic cells from these cattle were induced to mutate several target genes when single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) were transfected into the somatic cells. Additionally, semen from CRISPR/Cas9 expressing male cattle was frozen and used to fertilize wild-type oocytes, successfully transmitting the transgene (Cas9, reporter genes, fatty acid dehydrogenase I [FatI]), and sgRNA for the prion protein [PRNP]) to the next generation. Furthermore, the gene editing capabilities of Cas9, including knockout and high-efficiency knock-in, were confirmed in embryos derived from F1 semen through in vitro production.
Conclusion
These data demonstrate, for the first time, that Cas9-expressing cattle were successfully born, and this transgene was transmitted to the next-generation calves (F1) and F2 embryos. In addition, somatic and germ cells derived from F0 and F1generations were used to evaluate the potential for gene editing (knockout and knock-in) in multiple genes. PRNP-mutated F1 cattle are currently being raised as a resistance model for bovine spongiform encephalopathy. These transgenic bovine models and their derivatives will serve as a valuable resource for both in vitro and in vivo genome editing, advancing our genetic understanding of bovine genomics and diseases.
Non-thermal electrons open the non-equilibrium pathway of the
phase transition in FeRh
Authors: Bargheer Matias , Mattern Maximilian , Zeuschner Steffen , Rössle Matthias , Arregi Jon Ander , Uhlíř Vojtěch
Published: November 2024

We use ultrafast x-ray diffraction to study non-equilibrium pathways of the phase transition in FeRh parametrized by the structural response. By increasing the pump-pulse duration beyond the electron-phonon coupling time, we suppress the electron-phonon non-equilibrium present upon femtosecond laser excitation but still photoexcite electrons to non-thermal states. Irrespective of the pump pulse duration, we find an optically induced nucleation of ferromagnetic domains on an 8 ps timescale that starts as soon as the successively deposited energy surpasses the site-specific threshold energy. If in contrast, FeRh is only indirectly excited by diffusion of thermalized electrons from an opaque Pt cap layer, the ferromagnetic phase rises on a 50 ps timescale. These findings unambiguously identify the photo-excitation of non-thermal electrons and not electron-phonon non-equilibria to enable the non-equilibrium pathway of the phase transition in FeRh.
Developing Socio-Epidemiological Indicators of Sexual Health among Migrant Population in Chile
Authors: Parra Constanza Adrian , Ávila Valeria Stuardo , Donoso Cristian Lisboa , Andrade Kenny Low , Solís Débora , Gómez Danilo , Cortés Evelyn , Hernandez Carolina Nuñez , Hidalgo Victor Parra , Vega Carlos Lobos , Prieto Julieta Belmar , Hernández Paola Contreras , Portiño Mercedes Carrasco , Ibarra Cecilia Bustos , Delgado Jaime Barrientos
Published: November 2024

Background
Monitoring and responding to the sexual health needs of migrants is crucial, given their vulnerability during migration. Therefore, this study aimed to develop socio-epidemiological indicators related to sexual health and communicable diseases among the migrant population in Chile, including dimensions of the contexts of vulnerability and migratory trajectories.
Method
We used a mixed methodology within the framework of implementation research and community-based research based on qualitative data, secondary sources, and expert judgment to construct socio-epidemiological indicators related to sexual health among the migrant population in Chile, including vulnerability and migration trajectories. Preliminary indicators were defined. First, qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with individuals of migrant origin and focus groups with members of community-based organizations, primary healthcare providers, and experts. These instruments were then complemented with indicators from secondary sources. The set of indicators was subjected to content validation and ranking through Delphi Groups and expert judgment, ending with validation through a field pilot test.
Results
The result was a definitive instrument that included 94 indicators, distributed into 73 questions that correspond to the following dimensions: sociodemographic background, migratory history, and contexts of vulnerability, violence, connection with the Chilean health system, sexual practices, sex work, sexual health (including HIV and STIs) and access to sexual health services, and sexual health needs.
Conclusion
Participation of the target population and key actors allowed for consensus on a highly sensitive data collection instrument since its indicators account for the contexts of vulnerability and key structural aspects to address sexual health among migrants from an intersectional perspective.
Stroke burden attributable to low physical activity from the global burden of disease study 2021
Authors: Deng Handan , Cao Dongmei , Deng Xin , Zhang Limin , Zhang Chen
Published: November 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the global impact of low physical activity (LPA) on stroke using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in 2021 and projections to 2030.
Methods
Metrics calculated included disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized death rate (ASDR), and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR). We also performed frontier analyses and used Bayesian age-period-cohort models to project trends up to 2030.
Results
From 1990 to 2021, the ASR of stroke due to LPA decreased, yet DALYs and deaths increased. Females endured a higher stroke burden despite overall reductions in ASR. North Africa and Middle East had the highest rates of ASDR and ASMR. Nationally, Sudan and Yemen recorded the highest ASDR and ASMR, respectively. A clear correlation between SDI and ASR indicated reduced burdens in higher SDI regions. Projections indicate rising DALYs and deaths by 2030, though ASDR and ASMR are expected to decline.
Conclusions
This study highlights the global burden of stroke associated with LPA and emphasizes the need for comprehensive health strategies to increase physical activity, especially for females and in low SDI areas.
Genome-wide comparison reveals large structural variants in cassava landraces
Authors: Landi Michael , Carluccio Anna Vittoria , Shah Trushar , Niazi Adnan , Stavolone Livia , Falquet Laurent , Gisel Andreas , Bongcam-Rudloff Erik
Published: November 2024

Background Structural variants (SVs) are critical for plant genomic diversity and phenotypic variation. This study investigates a large, 9.7 Mbp highly repetitive segment on chromosome 12 of TMEB117, a region not previously characterized in cassava. We aim to explore its presence and variability across multiple cassava landraces, providing insights into its genomic significance and potential implications.Results We validated the presence of the 9.7 Mbp segment in the TMEB117 genome, distinguishing it from other published cassava genome assemblies. By mapping short-read sequencing data from 16 cassava landraces to TMEB117 chromosome 12, we observed variability in read mapping, suggesting that while all genotypes contain the insertion region, some exhibit missing segments or sequence differences. Further analysis revealed two unique genes associated with deacetylase activity, HDA14 and SRT2, within the insertion. Additionally, the MUDR-Mutator transposable element was significantly overrepresented in this region.Conclusions This study uncovers a large structural variant in the TMEB117 cassava genome, highlighting its variability among different genotypes. The enrichment of HDA14 and SRT2 genes and the MUDR-Mutator elements within the insertion suggests potential functional significance, though further research is needed to explore this. These findings provide important insights into the role of structural variations in shaping cassava genomic diversity.
A perspective on interdisciplinary learning supported by a systems thinking approach in STEM education
Authors: Khare Varsha , Sriniva Sesha , Neiers Fabrice , Lee Sang-im , Jablonski Piotr G. , Sonkaria Sanjiv
Published: November 2024

Real-world problems are traditionally viewed through a disciplinary lens at the boundary of the physical, life, mathematical and chemical sciences. The existence of these boundaries in taught classroom courses from a traditional context may be an intellectual barrier in seeking critically important hidden connectivities for problems that may have a multidisciplinary origin. Re-shaping STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) education requires greater conceptual engagement across the four foundational pillars (i.e. Chemistry, Physics, Math and Biology) with a greater appreciation of the underlying principles connecting the fundamental sciences in STEM. From this perspective, there is little insight in the intuitive approach to solving multi-disciplinary problems by students from diverse disciplinary backgrounds at the university level. Based on the current rationale, a diverse student cohort from the arts, engineering and education sectors and from the social, natural and life sciences disciplines were invited to participate in a survey designed to engage students in applying key concepts embedded in ‘systems thinking’ through deeper explorations of complex interrelationships. We developed a difficulty index (D.I), which was an effective parameter in distinguishing between ‘system’ and ‘non-system’ thinking’ approaches by the tested students to decision making when confronted with unfamiliar complex problems. Pre-attentive processing of given data was critical in guiding and shaping data perception and problem solving. More than half (55.2%) of the tested student correctly identified relationships at the observational level to adequately interpret a probable system of interconnecting elements in their analysis. A slow but progressive awareness in the conceptuality of systems and parts and their underlying relationships increased the performance during the course of the survey in the range of (72.4–97.6%). While understanding the complex phenomena of ‘emergent properties’ was unsurprisingly low, a mental effort in the recognition of behavioral patterns and the influence of external physical, chemical and biological factors was supported by increased D.I scoring, although a cognitive bias could not be ruled out.
Assessing the Impact of Land Use Change on Stream Water Quality: A Comparative Analysis of Forests and Rubber Plantations in Kerala's Western Ghats
Authors: Mohammed Haffis , S Hashim Mohammed , S Gopakumar
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the impact of land use composition on water quality in forested and rubber-planted watersheds in Kerala's Western Ghats region, India. The study aims to estimate specific water quality changes resulting from forest loss or gain and evaluate land use importance in the entire catchment compared to the riparian zone. Two micro-watersheds in the Karuvannur river basin were studied, with water samples collected from streams in reserve forests and rubber plantations. Results indicate that streams in reserve forests exhibit higher dissolved oxygen levels, lower turbidity, and lower total coliform bacteria compared to streams in rubber plantations. These findings highlight the potential adverse impacts of rubber cultivation on water quality and underscore the need for sustainable land and water management practices. The research offers valuable insights for environmental planning, conservation efforts, and policy development to safeguard water sources in the Western Ghats region and similar ecosystems.
Development Multiplex–PCR Technique for Concurrent Detection of Taxonomically Different DNA Viruses in Banana (Musa acuminata) Cv. Canvendish
Authors: TAHAKIK RUSHIKESH RAVINDRA
Published: November 2024

The Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) pose significant threats to banana production, highlighting the need to plant virus-free specimens to maximize yield and control disease spread. Early detection is crucial, as BBTV symptoms typically appear 25 to 85 days after being transmitted by aphids (Pentalonia negronervosa). In this study, we designed multiplex PCR primers targeting key viral regions: movement protein-encoding genes (MV), replication-associated re- gion genes (RP), and coat protein genes (CP) for both BBTV and CMV. Samples were collected from various agroclimatic zones within Maharashtra’s banana-growing regions. An internal control primer was included to identify any PCR reaction failures. Our results show that multiplex PCR is a highly effective method for virus screening in bananas, reducing the occurrence of false positives often seen in single-gene PCR amplification. Based on our findings, we recommend the use of multiplex PCR markers for routine testing of virus-free banana plants to improve disease management and productivity in cavendish banana cultivation.
PRINCIPAL'S STRATEGY FORMULATION IN IMPROVING STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Chotimah Chusnul , Manusr Ali
Published: November 2024

This research aims to find out how principals formulate strategies to improve student achievement. This research used a qualitative approach, seeking to explore the vision and mission, environmental analysis and selection of strategies implemented by Principals. Data were collected using participant observation at MA NU Mojosari Nganjuk as well as interviews with the head of the madrasa and deputy head of the madrasa at the institution. This study produced three main findings: First, the vision and mission implemented by principal in achieving academic and non-academic achievements must be formulated clearly, comprehensively and specifically mentioning achievement. Second, there are two parts to the environmental analysis carried out to improve achievement, namely internal and external analysis. Internal analysis covers the weaknesses and strengths of the institution, while external analysis covers opportunities and threats. Third, strategy selection is carried out based on environmental analysis. The chosen strategy must lead to increased academic and non-academic achievement.
Women in Leadership: A Case Study on the Multifaceted Role of Fatayat NU Tulungagung Chairperson
Authors: Saputri Arista Dwi
Published: November 2024

Di antara topik yang cukup jarang diulas dalam kajian akademik terkait kepemimpinan adalah gaya kepemimpinan perempuan dengan peran ganda. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi gaya dan strategi kepemimpinan Ketua Fatayat NU Tulungagung yang terbilang cukup sukses meski menjalankan peran ganda. Peran lain yang juga diemban oleh ketua Fatayat NU Tulungagung adalah istri, Ibu dari 2 anak dan kepala Sekolah untuk 2 SDN di Tulungagung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan dokumentasi dari Ketua Fatayat NU. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ketua Fatayat NU Tulungagung mengadopsi gaya kepemimpinan transformasional yang ditandai dengan keterbukaan, empati, serta kemampuan untuk mendelegasikan tugas secara efektif. Selain itu, kemampuan untuk mengelola peran ganda secara seimbang berkontribusi pada keberhasilan organisasi, di mana dukungan dari anggota keluarga dan organisasi menjadi faktor penentu. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan perempuan dengan peran ganda tidak hanya efektif dalam memajukan organisasi, tetapi juga mencerminkan model kepemimpinan yang adaptif dan responsif terhadap kebutuhan organisasi berbasis keagamaan.
Analysis of Students’ Motivation in Carrier-Based English Language Learning
Authors: Sundari Misana Tri
Published: November 2024

This study analyzes the impact of Carrier-Based Learning (CBL) on students' motivation and language proficiency in English language learning. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and the concept of situated learning, CBL integrates career-relevant tasks into the learning process to enhance intrinsic motivation and practical language skills. The research examines how CBL fosters autonomy, competence, and relatedness among students, leading to increased engagement and deeper learning. A comprehensive literature review methodology was employed to synthesize findings from various studies, highlighting the benefits and challenges of implementing CBL. Results indicate that CBL significantly improves students' motivation and language proficiency by providing authentic, meaningful learning experiences. However, successful implementation requires adequate teacher training and innovative assessment methods. This study underscores the importance of aligning language education with real-world career demands to prepare students for future professional success. The findings offer valuable insights for educators and policymakers on effectively integrating CBL into language curricula, promoting both academic and professional growth.
PEMANFAATAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSI PEMBELAJARAN AL QURAN
Authors: Sukmawati Anis
Published: November 2024

Learning the Quran is an integral part of religious education. However, challenges in efficiency often arise in the learning process. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to accelerate the learning and understanding of the Quran. On the other hand, it is important to recognize that excessive dependence on AI may potentially hinder human cognitive development. Therefore, a wise and cautious approach is necessary when utilizing AI. This research, through library research, aims to provide insights into ways to enhance the efficiency of Quranic learning by integrating AI into the learning process. The study considers the ethical and practical implications of using AI technology in religious education and evaluates its impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of Quranic learning. Additionally, this research identifies various opportunities and challenges in the utilization of AI. The findings indicate that integrating AI into Quranic learning not only improves the efficiency and effectiveness of the learning process but also opens up new opportunities. The results of this research are expected to encourage broader adoption of AI technology within the educational system, particularly in the context of religious education. By strengthening the understanding of how best to utilize AI technology in Quranic learning, it is hoped that more effective and holistic approaches can be developed. These approaches will combine the advantages of technology with the spiritual needs and meaningfulness inherent in learning the Quran.
DESISTÊNCIA PROCESSUAL
Authors: Dantas Jr. João Fabrício
Published: November 2024

O novo modelo de precedentes, adotado pelo Código de Processo Civil, pode dar azo a uma função social da demanda individual, que mitigaria os efeitos da desistência processual. A demanda individual, servindo à construção do escopo de fundamentação que, eventualmente, vincularia os órgãos judicantes inferiores, poderia ver discutidos os fatos narrados, fixada uma tese e, mesmo desistindo-se da demanda individual de forma eficaz, ainda assim autor e réu poderiam ver, em demanda futura, imposição de precedente a que deram causa. Tal fato motivou a pesquisa, na busca das consequências presentes e futuras às partes do processo paradigmático que, desistindo do processo, possam vir a sofrer efeitos maléficos. A desistência do processo, que num primeiro momento guarda natureza de direito ou ainda negócio processual, a depender do papel que a demanda individual exerce no sistema de precedentes, ganha função social que reforça a necessidade da pesquisa. A desistência, o distinguishing e, ainda, deveres argumentativos no exercício do direito de acesso ao Judiciário, em suma, motivaram e fundamentaram a linha de raciocínio da pesquisa, na busca dos novos parâmetros da desistência processual ocorrida no bojo da formação do precedente judicial.
VINTE ANOS DA CONSTITUIÇÃO MOÇAMBICANA DE 2004: AVANÇOS E DESAFIOS
Authors: Chaimite Augusto Checue
Published: November 2024

Resumo:
 O aniversário de 20 anos da Constituição moçambicana de 2004 é o momento adequado para a sociedade moçambicana avaliar o papel e o grau de importância deste diploma na vida dos cidadãos.  Esta Constituição, simbolizou mais do que um rompimento com a ordem normativa implantado após a independência do país, é o ápice de um ciclo de democratização, promoveu modificações significativas no sistema jurídicos, político, econômico, social e cultural, sobretudo, promoveu um compromisso com a instauração de um novo país, mais democrático, livre, justo, solidário e igualitário. A metodologia aplicada para a realização da pesquisa teve natureza exploratória, cujas principais fontes de pesquisa foram a bibliográfica, legislativa e documental, com ênfase em matérias doutrinários já publicados como livros e artigos científicos.
Palavras-Chave: Constituição de 2004; Direitos Fundamentais; Democracia; Legitimidade.
THE EVOLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS: ADVANCES AND RETREATS
Authors: Guerra Sidney , Guerra Caio , Tonetto Fernanda
Published: November 2024

Classical international law undergoes important changes from the reorganization of world society, having as its pillar the principle of sovereignty and conceived according to the philosophy of Western Europe. The arrival of Human Rights is decisive for the construction of a cosmopolitan international law, inaugurated with the creation of the United Nations, the emergence of international criminal law and the strengthening of regional protection systems, which began to identify universal values to be protected and placed the individual in the center of their protection, with advances and some retreats.
Concurrent Mentions of Vaping and Alcohol on Twitter: Latent Dirichlet Analysis
Authors: Ranker Lynsie R , Tofu David Assefa , Lu Manyuan , Wu Jiaxi , Bhatnagar Aruni , Robertson Rose Marie , Wijaya Derry , Hong Traci , Fetterman Jessica L , Xuan Ziming
Published: November 2024

Background

Co-use of alcohol and e-cigarettes (often called vaping) has been linked with long-term health outcomes, including increased risk for substance use disorder. Co-use may have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Social networking sites may offer insights into current perspectives on polysubstance use.

Objective

The aims of this study were to investigate concurrent mentions of vaping and alcohol on Twitter (subsequently rebranded X) during a time of changing vaping regulations in the United States and the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Tweets including both vape- and alcohol-related terms posted between October 2019 and September 2020 were analyzed using latent Dirichlet allocation modeling. Distinct topics were identified and described.

Results

Three topics were identified across 6437 tweets: (1) flavors and flavor ban (n=3334, 51.8% of tweets), (2) co-use discourse (n=1119, 17.4%), and (3) availability and access regulation (n=1984, 30.8%). Co-use discussions often portrayed co-use as positive and prosocial. Tweets focused on regulation often used alcohol regulations for comparison. Some focused on the perceived overregulation of vaping (compared to alcohol), while others supported limiting youth access but not at the expense of adult access (eg, stronger age verification over product bans). Across topics, vaping was typically portrayed as less harmful than alcohol use. The benefits of flavors for adult smoking cessation were also discussed. The distribution of topics across time varied across both pre– and post–regulatory change and pre– and post–COVID-19 pandemic declaration periods, suggesting shifts in topic focus salience across time.

Conclusions

Co-use discussions on social media during this time of regulatory change and social upheaval typically portrayed both vaping and alcohol use in a positive light. It also included debates surrounding the differences in regulation of the 2 substances—particularly as it related to limiting youth access. Emergent themes from the analysis suggest that alcohol was perceived as more harmful but less regulated and more accessible to underage youth than vaping products. Frequent discussions and comparisons of the 2 substances as it relates to their regulation emphasize the still-evolving vaping policy landscape. Social media content analyses during times of change may help regulators and policy makers to better understand and respond to common concerns and potential misconceptions surrounding drug-related policies and accessibility.
Parasituation [Calcutta/Kolkata]
Authors: Wiszniewski Dorian
Published: November 2024

Degree Show Catalogue documenting the second year of a two-year ESALA MArch (Integrated Pathway) studio ‘PARA-Situation [Calcutta/Kolkata]’. Studio Leader: Dorian Wiszniewski. 2017-2019.
island territories v: Havana, Re-Making Islands, Dismantling Insularity
Authors: Hawker Adrian , Bernie Victoria Clare
Published: November 2024

Degree Show Catalogue documenting a two-year ESALA MArch (Integrated Pathway) studio ‘island territories v: Havana, Re-Making Islands, Dismantling Insularity’. Studio Leaders: Adrian Hawker and Victoria Clare Bernie. 2016-2018.
The Revanchist City and the Urbanisation of Suburbia
Authors: Kaminer Tahl , MacLaren Alex
Published: November 2024

Degree Show Catalogue documenting an ESALA MArch (Modular Pathway) studio ‘The Revanchist City and the Urbanisation of Suburbia’. Studio Leaders: Tahl Kaminer and Alex MacLaren. 2017-2018.
Corrección de una transposición completa bilateral de canino y primer premolar superior con apiñamiento severo
Authors: Cerda-Urbina Leonel Alexander , Padilla-de la Vega Montserrat , Rodríguez-Chávez Jacqueline Adelina , Flores-Ruiz Hugo M , Montoya-Guzman Diana , Bautista-González Jorge Gregorio , Orozco-Partida Juan Antonio
Published: November 2024

Introducción: La transposición dental es uno de los problemas de erupción más complejos de tratar en la práctica ortodóntica. Se caracteriza por el intercambio de posición entre dos dientes adyacentes en el arco dental.  Objetivo: Presentar la corrección de la transposición bilateral del primer premolar y canino superiores, eliminar el apiñamiento severo y corregir la sobremordida horizontal y vertical. Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino de 15 años con crecimiento dolicocefálico, clase II esqueletal, clase I molar, transposición bilateral de canino y primer premolar superior, apiñamiento severo superior e inferior. Se realizaron extracciones de los cuatro primeros premolares y a continuación la cementación de aparatología metálica fija MBT slot 0.022. Se colocaron resortes abiertos entre segundo premolar y canino de ambos lados hasta lograr la Clase I canina. Se obtuvo la Clase I canina de ambos lados, se corrigió la sobremordida horizontal y vertical y se eliminó el apiñamiento logrando una mejor oclusión inter-arcadas. Conclusión: Un buen diagnóstico y una correcta planificación de tratamiento son necesarios para lograr una oclusión estable.
Evaluación y modelo propuesto de la resistencia y deformación lateral ante acciones sísmicas en columnas rectangulares de concreto reforzado con falla frágil por cortante
Authors: Olaya María Camila , Rodríguez Mario E. , Restrepo José I.
Published: November 2024

El modo de falla por cortante en columnas de concreto reforzado sometidas a acciones sísmicas ocurre de manera súbita particularmente en el caso que esta falla se produzca antes que la columna alcance su resistencia a flexión. Este tipo de falla se conoce también con el nombre de falla frágil por cortante y generalmente está asociada a la pérdida de la capacidad de la columna para resistir cargas gravitacionales, lo que puede producir el colapso de la estructura. Este trabajo estudia la respuesta de columnas ante acciones del tipo sísmicas con falla frágil por cortante, para lo cual se emplea una base de datos de ensayes generada para esta investigación, con datos de 38 columnas rectangulares de concreto reforzado que fueron ensayadas en diversos laboratorios del mundo ante cargas laterales cíclicas reversibles y que mostraron el modo de falla frágil por cortante. Se evalúa resultados de la predicción de la resistencia a cortante de las columnas de esta base de datos, empleando once métodos existentes. Se propone un nuevo método de predicción de la resistencia de columnas rectangulares sometidas a acciones del tipo sísmicas que responden con un modo de falla frágil por cortante, para lo cual se emplea información experimental, así como conceptos de la mecánica de la resistencia a cortante. Además, se propone un nuevo procedimiento para la definición de la curva de carga lateral contra el desplazamiento lateral relativo, tanto para la zona inicial de la respuesta, como hasta la pérdida de la capacidad lateral resistente. Los resultados de este procedimiento se comparan con resultados de emplear los requisitos especificados en la ASCE 41-17.
Análise de estratégias de ludificação e de gamificação em materiais para ensino e aprendizagem no campo do design, a partir de uma abordagem sistêmica para inovação social
Authors: Ferreira Alais Souza , Weber Karina Pereira , Figueiredo Luiz Fernando Gonçalves deO
Published: November 2024

Esta pesquisa apresenta o caso de um projeto piloto de capacitação de jovens aprendizes que contribuiu para uma mudança social em uma instituição filantrópica denominada como Irmandade do Divino Espírito Santo, propondo soluções sistêmicas que complementam as atividades já realizadas pela instituição. O objetivo é demonstrar as estratégias instrucionais de ludificação e de gamificação percebidas em materiais socioeducativos criados por jovens aprendizes. Pelos aspectos metodológicos, esta pesquisa é caracterizada como qualitativa e aplicada, tendo como procedimento o estudo de caso associado à observação-participante, seminários de discussão, entrevistas individuais e em grupo. Os resultados mostram uma contribuição da aplicação das estratégias de ludificação e gamificação para aprimorar as propostas. Também se evidencia o quanto o brincar é construtivo na formação social e no desenvolvimento cognitivo das crianças.
Entre dinâmicas de mercado e identitárias: os youtubers e a controvérsia publicitária d’O Boticário
Authors: Mendes José Maria
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo pretende discutir o papel dos youtubers na repercussão do conteúdo publicitário polêmico, a partir da controvérsia surgida após a veiculação da publicidade Casais d’O Boticário, em maio de 2015. Ao representar um “abraço gay”, a empresa gerou vozes dissonantes e consonantes, as quais, a partir desta controvérsia, se faziam representar e, ao mesmo tempo, passavam a diante a ação publicitária. Ficou evidente que os youtubers desempenharam, então, posição híbrida: tanto agentes de divulgação espontânea da empresa, quanto agentes de seu próprio fazer midiático. Uma entrada na discussão por convicção ou pelo provável efeito ressonante, que reflete, assim, não apenas o contexto midiático em que sua posição de influenciador os coloca, de busca por audiência e popularidade, mas também o modo como as identidades se constroem através de trocas simbólicas, revelando padrões e dinâmicas, tanto resultantes de lógicas de mercado quanto, portanto, das próprias disputas identitárias.
O embate entre narrativas midiáticas:	uma análise sobre as queimadas na Amazônia em 2019
Authors: Coimbra Mayra Regina , Campos Mariane Motta de
Published: November 2024

Se por muito tempo as mídias tradicionais se configuraram como as únicas responsáveis por narrar os fatos e contribuir no processo de construção da realidade, atualmente nota-se que, elas passaram a ter que competir espaço com a chegada das redes sociais, configurando em uma guerra de narrativas. O artigo se propõe a investigar a guerra de narrativas envolvendo o episódio político de queimadas na Amazônia. A pesquisa documental compreende a coleta da live produzida pelo presidente Jair Bolsonaro no dia 22 de agosto de 2019 e 35 notícias publicadas pelo Jornal Folha de S. Paulo no período de 19 a 22 de agosto de 2019 relativo às queimadas. É feita uma Análise de Conteúdo Bardin (2011), procurando verificar como se dá uma disputa de narrativas entre os atores sociais – no caso o presidente, a imprensa e as fontes ouvidas pelo jornal.
Panorama da atuação do design em empreendimentos sociais no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Bianca Teixeira de , Merino Giselle Schmidt Alves Díaz MERINO
Published: November 2024

Os empreendimentos sociais, apesar de estarem conquistando cada vez mais espaço dentro do mercado, ainda enfrentam problemas de estruturação organizacional e de processos, que tem comprometido o potencial de transformação social dos mesmos. Diante disso, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um panorama nacional da atuação do design junto a empreendimentos sociais. Para tanto foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática de publicações acadêmicas dos últimos dez anos que abordam a temática apresentada. A análise apontou um alto crescimento de publicações nos últimos cinco anos e predominância da região Sul. Identifica-se que a área de estudos é recente e onde a maior parte dos trabalhos se limita às etapas iniciais de projeto de design. Os resultados apontam o design como abordagem eficiente para a identificação de demandas organizacionais diante de situações complexas.
Ciberativismo e marketing digital: o potencial estratégico da petição pública online de Sebastião Salgado em defesa da Amazônia
Authors: Silva Marcelo Rodrigo da , Nunes Wilfrend Domenique Ferreira
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem o objetivo de discutir o potencial do ciberativismo como estratégia de marketing digital. Para isso, foi selecionado como objeto de estudo o caso da petição pública online “Lélia e Sebastião Salgado: ajude a proteger os povos e indígenas da Amazônia do Covid”, movida pelo fotógrafo Sebastião Salgado e sua esposa Lélia Wanick, em 1 de maio de 2020. Observou-se como o manifesto ativista apresentou potencial estratégico de marketing digital para o alcance de engajamento social e visibilidade em mídia espontânea nacional e internacional, na internet, para divulgação dos trabalhos produzidos pelo fotógrafo, bem como para sua nova exposição intitulada “Amazônia”, anunciada para 2021.
Confluência de poder entre mídia, política e agronegócio: o discurso dominante do Portal G1 e a contra hegemonia do MST
Authors: Pereira Wellington de Oliveira , Oliveira Luiz Ademir de
Published: November 2024

O artigo discute a relação entre a comunicação, a política e o agronegócio, bem como a importância da mídia na formação da opinião pública, a internet como esfera pública e as relações de poder que perpassam os três campos de discussão. Como metodologia de análise, são selecionadas notícias veiculadas na subdivisão Agro: a indústria-riqueza do Brasil, da editoria Agro no portal G1, e nas editorias Agronegócio e Agrotóxico, do portal do MST, durante o mês de Março de 2021. As seguintes categorias foram selecionadas para a análise: (a) economia; (b) agrotóxico; (c) meio ambiente; (d) reforma agrária; (e) direito de minorias sociais.
Grafite x Doria: o Estadão na cobertura da polêmica na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Bittencourt Beatriz , Doretto Juliana
Published: November 2024

Em janeiro de 2017, João Doria, então prefeito de São Paulo, mandou pintar de cinza um muro em que havia grafites na Avenida 23 de Maio, em São Paulo, e anunciou que outros desenhos também seriam apagados. A ação provocou revolta. Dois anos depois, a prefeitura foi condenada ao pagamento de uma indenização por apagar os trabalhos artísticos. Este artigo tem o objetivo de compreender como o grafite foi tratado pelo site de notícias Estadão, um dos principais do país, no relato desses fatos. Por meio da análise de conteúdo, percebe-se que o veículo deu um tom “oficialesco” à cobertura, com o predomínio de fontes oficiais, do governo municipal. As imagens, no entanto, ressaltam a oposição que o ex-prefeito e a prefeitura sofreram, o que torna a cobertura ambivalente.