bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MUC4 and MMP7 in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in adolescents at West Bengal, India
Authors:   Burdwan Dental College and Hospital, West Bengal, India, Chattopadhyay Sayan
Published: August 2022

Mucin 4 (MUC4) and matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) have been reported to be associated with chronic periodontitis as seen in gingival tissue biopsies. Therefore, it is of interest to estimate the levels of MUC4 and MMP7 in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples of periodontitis in adolescents patients at West Bengal, India. MUC4 levels were significantly lower in saliva and GCF from periodontitis patients compared to healthy controls. However, MMP7 levels were found to be significantly higher in saliva and GCF from periodontitis patients. Thus, MUC4 and MMP7 are biomarkers for periodontitis diagnosis and towards further consideration.
Molecular docking analysis of flavonoids with aldose reductase
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Tagore Medical College and Hospital, Melakottaiyur, Chennai, India, Kannayiram Kasthuri
Published: August 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders that has risen to become the third most common cause in humans in recent years. The development of new bioactive substances from natural sources is a relatively new area. Flavonoids are believed to have a variety of beneficial properties in nature, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and anti-HIV properties. 15 naturally occurring flavonoids docked with the selected target aldose reductase. We report the optimal binding of Acumitin, Agathisflavone, Agehoustin B, and alpha-Toxicarol with aldose reductase for further consideration in drug discovery for T2DM.
Diagnosis of triple negative breast cancer using expression data with several machine learning tools
Authors:   Department of Bioinformatics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai - 600 116, India, Pranaya Sankaranarayanan
Published: August 2022

Breast cancer is one of the top three commonly caused cancers worldwide. Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), a subtype of breast cancer, lacks expression of the oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2. This makes the prognosis poor and early detection hard. Therefore, AI based neural models such as Binary Logistic Regression, Multi-Layer Perceptron and Radial Basis Functions were used for differential diagnosis of normal samples and TNBC samples collected from signal intensity data of microarray experiment. Genes that were significantly upregulated in TNBC were compared with healthy controls. The MLP model classified TNBC and normal cells with an accuracy of 93.4%. However, RBF gave 74% accuracy and binary Logistic Regression model showed an accuracy of 90.0% in identifying TNBC cases.
Molecular docking and dynamics simulation analysis of nucleoprotein from the Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus strain Baghdad-12 with FDA approved drugs
Authors:   Department of pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq, Hashim Ahmed Fadhil
Published: August 2022

Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus is considered a potential public health threat due to the high case fatality ratio of the disease hemorrhagic phase and absence of approved vaccines or antiviral agents. Therefore, it is of interest to screen FDA approved drugs against the nucleoprotein crystal of Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus strain Baghdad-12 by using molecular docking and dynamics simulation. Hence, we report that the beta receptor blocker Nebivolol and the antihistamine Loratadine may bind to RNA binding region on nucleoprotein for further consideration in drug design and development.
Impact of covid-19 on education, psychological wellness and life style of dental students in Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Faculty of Oral Pathology, Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Sayed Abdul Nishath
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 epidemic has had a significant impact on dental education, psychological health, and students' way of life worldwide. The new methods of teaching and learning had to be adapted by dental educational institutions. Due to lifestyle changes, COVID-19 had a major negative influence on students' mental health. Therefore, it is of interest to assess depression; anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21) levels experienced by dental students and compare them with gender and course of students. A cross-sectional survey based descriptive study was conducted among 356 undergraduate dental students, aged between 18-31 years, at Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, kingdom of Saudi Arabia from January – March, 2022. A self-administered structured questionnaire written in English and Arabic language was given to all the willing participants. Four components of the questionnaire covered demographic information, the effect of COVID-19 on dental education, psychological health, and student lifestyle. In order to establish statistically significant variations across genders and student course levels regarding the effect of COVID-19 on dentistry education, the Chi-square test was used. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare depression, anxiety, stress scales (DASS- 21) with variables such as gender and course level of students. Statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05.A total of 356 dental students were involved in this study with the total response rate of 92.2%.Majority of the respondents were males (56.2%) than females 156 (43.8), aged between 18-22 years (53.4%). Overall, moderate levels of the depression, anxiety and stress scores (DASS-21) were seen among 46.9%, 30.3% and 35.6% of the dental students, respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on dentistry students' education, mental health, and way of life. More women and dentistry students on the clinical level felt the effects on their education. In order to implement psychological empowerment initiatives integrating institutional counseling services for students, the right steps should be done.
YAPPIS-Finder: A novel method for protein-protein interaction site predictions
Authors:   Centre for Computational Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India, Kumar Vicky
Published: August 2022

We describe a multi parametric-approach, YAPPIS-Finder, for predicting the PPI sites on protein surface. A non-redundant database of comprised of 2,265 protein-protein interaction interfaces (PPIIs) involving 4,530 protein-protein interacting partners (PPIPs) and depicting the interaction between protein-chains of experimentally determined PPCs was used in designing the YAPPIS-Finder. Parametric score obtained on analyzing these 4,530 PPIPs with respect to their residue interface propensity, their hydrophobic content, and amount of solvation free energy associated with them provided the basis of YAPPIS-Finder. By applying YAPPIS-Finder on another dataset 4,290 PPIPs from 2,145 PPIIs, the optimal range of the parametric scores and protein-probe van der Waals energy of interaction was determined. Subsequently, taking the optimal range of PPIP parametric scores and threshold for protein-probe van der Waals energy of interaction into the consideration, the YAPPIS-Finder was tested on a blind dataset of 554 protein-chains and it was found predicting 69.67% sites correctly. On predicting only one PPI site on each protein-chain, the YAPPIS-Finder found covering 22.91% of actually sites in the predicted site. Contrary to this, the sites predicted by SPPIDER covered 22.7% of actual sites. However, on predicting two PPI sites for each protein-chain, the percentage coverage of actual sites in the predicted sites by YAPPIS-Finder exceeded two-fold (i.e. 41.81%), thus making the YAPPIS-Finder a better method.
A review on ozone therapy in periodontitis
Authors:   Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute Of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai 600077, Tamilnadu, India, Swarna Meenakshi P
Published: August 2022

The biologic process of osseointegration (bone to implant interface), in which the implant forms an intimate relationship with the bone, provides the foundation for modern dental implants. Osseointegration necessitates a varying length of healing time. Despite the high success and survival rates of dental implants, problems do occur, necessitating ongoing periodontal and prosthodontic care. This failure frequently results in "peri-implantitis," which affects the soft and hard tissues surrounding the osseointegrated implants, resulting in the formation of a peri implant pocket and bone loss. Decontamination is a difficult feature of surgical regenerative therapy for peri-implantitis that has an impact on its success. Because microbial biofilms play such a significant part in the aetiology of peri-implant illnesses, it has long been assumed that eliminating microbial pathogens would be beneficial.
Towards the diagnosis of dengue virus and its serotypes using designed CRISPR/Cas13 gRNAs
Authors:   School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida-201312, Uttar Pradesh, India, Prajapati Archana
Published: August 2022

Dengue Virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne virus that is prevalent in the world's tropical and subtropical regions. Therefore, early detection and surveillance can help in the management of this disease. Current diagnostic methods rely primarily on ELISA, PCR, and RT-PCR, among others, which can only be performed in specialized laboratories and require sophisticated instruments and technical expertise. CRISPR-based technologies on the other hand have field-deployable viral diagnostics capabilities that could be used in the development of point-of-care molecular diagnostics. The first step in the field of CRISPR-based virus diagnosis is to design and screen gRNAs for high efficiency and specificity. In the present study, we employed a bioinformatics approach to design and screen DENV CRISPR/Cas13 gRNAs for conserved and serotype-specific variable genomic regions in the DENV genome. We identified one gRNA sequence specific for each of the lncRNA and NS5 regions and identified one gRNA against each of DENV1, DENV2, DENV3, and DENV4 to distinguish the four DENV serotypes. These CRISPR/Cas13 gRNA sequences will be useful in diagnosing the dengue virus and its serotypes for in vitro validation and diagnostics.
Effect of bibliotherapy on reducing anxiety among pre-operative patients in Gujarat, India
Authors:   Nootan College of Nursing, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat - 384315, India, Sivasubramanian N
Published: August 2022

Numerous studies have shown that patients can have preoperative anxiety in mild, moderate, or severe forms. A supplemental tool to a disease's clinical treatment is bibliotherapy. This approach includes the core ideas of cognitive behavioral therapy and offers exercises meant to assist readers in overcoming unpleasant emotions. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate how well bibliotherapy reduced pre-operative patients' anxiety. For the experimental group (30) and control group (30), a sample of 60 preoperative patients who had been determined to have considerable levels of anxiety was chosen. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale is used to measure patient anxiety. Prior to surgery, bibliotherapy was given to the experimental group's sample twice daily for around 20 minutes. No intervention was given to the control group. The study's findings showed that the experimental group's mean percentage anxiety score at the pre-test was 80.10 percent, whereas the control group's mean percentage anxiety score was 85.66 percent. After the test, the experimental group's mean anxiety score was 50.66 percent, while the control group's mean anxiety score was 83.20 percent. It is evident that bibliotherapy was successful in lowering pre-operative patients' anxiety levels. Nurses can utilize this non-pharmacological technique to help patients feel less anxious about surgery and experience fewer post-operative problems.
Identification and annotation of milk associated genes from milk somatic cells using expression and RNA-seq data
Authors:   Computational Omics Lab, Centre of Bioinformatics, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj - 211002, India, Krishna Neelam
Published: August 2022

It is of interest to identify and annotate milk associated genes using expression profiling and RNA-Seq data from milk somatic cells. RNA-Seq data was pre-processed and mapping was done to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG). The functional insights about the up and down regulated genes were gleaned using the protein-protein interaction Network in the STRING database followed by CytoHubba analysis in Cytoscope. Gene ontology, annotation and pathway enrichment was completed using ShinyGO, David tool and QTL analysis. These analysis shows that 21 genes are linked with the secretion of milk.
Isolation and drug susceptibility pattern of uropathogens in Saudi diabetic and non-diabetic patients with urinary tract infection
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh campus, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia, 21589, Mirza Sain Ziaullah
Published: August 2022

Urinary tract infection (UTI), contribute substantially to healthcare burden. Diabetes predispose to UTI with high glycosuria being fertile medium for bacterial growth. With changing bacterial drug resistance patterns; the problem needs to be studied periodically to ensure a rational therapy, minimize adverse effects, and cost. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the profile and susceptibility pattern of uropathogens isolated from diabetic and non-diabetic patients with UTI. Mid-stream urine samples of 1100 patients (diabetic and non-diabetic), presenting with UTI symptoms were aseptically collected and inoculated into CLED medium. Colony counts of 105cfu/ml or 104cfu/ml and >5 pus cells per high power microscopic field were regarded as significant bacteriuria. Colonies from CLED were sub-cultured onto sheep blood agar and MacConkey agar. Bacterial identification was performed on the basis of colony morphology, gram staining, and series of biochemical tests though Analytical Profile Index (API) test strips. Drug susceptibility was done by standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion. Data was analyzed by SPSS ver. 25.Clinically significant bacteriuria was 32.8% and 19.2% in diabetics and non-diabetics respectively. The frequency of male and female patients was 153 and 208 in diabetic group; and 69 and 142 respectively in non-diabetic group. Diabetics were twice at risk of UTI; [Odds ratio; 2.04 (CI: 1.68-2.48, p<0.05)]. .Escherichia coli and klebsiella were most common gram-negative, while Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were most common gram-positive bacteria in both the groups. Most effective antibiotics against gram-negative bacteria were carbapenems, amikacin, colistin, and piperacillin/tazobactam; while ampicillin/amoxicillin, fluoroquinolones and cephalexin were least effective. For gram-positives, vancomycin, linezolid and tigecycline were most effective. No significant difference in bacterial profile and susceptibility pattern was found between diabetics and non-diabetics. However, diabetics were twice at risk of UTI compared to non-diabetics.
Open-source code to convert Journal Article Tag Suite Extensible Markup Language (JATS XML) to various viewers and other XML types for scholarly journal publishing
Authors: Cho Younsang
Published: August 2022

There are many ways to use open source code to implement digital standards for scholarly journal publishing. However, providing digital services using open-source code can be a challenge, especially for small and local academic society journals. This paper provides some critical examples of using some of the many open-source code resources available to the public. Journal Article Tag Suite (JATS) Extensible Markup Language (XML) has been established as an essential tool, and is now used by most journals for digital publication. JATS XML can be converted to other viewer formats, including Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, PubReader, and EPUB 3.0. It can also be used to create dynamic interactive PDFs. It can be converted to other XMLs, incluing Crossref XML, PubMed XML, and DOAJ XML. Open-source code published on GitHub, National Information Standards Organization, and the US National Library of Medicine can be used for Crossref XML deposition for digital object identifier and Crossmark stamp registration. These examples of open-source code need to be implemented on journal websites to provide local academic journal publishers with various critical functions. This paper provides instructions on the best ways to realize these digital standards so that journal content can be provided to readers in a more friendly and effective way.
Improving Journal Article Tag Suite for multilingual articles
Authors: Lizzi Vincent
Published: August 2022

The scenarios for journal articles that contain more than one language are no longer (and never really were) limited to having an article’s title, abstract, and keywords translated to additional languages. Journal Article Tag Suite (JATS) currently has a variety of structures for tagging articles that are in multiple languages or have substantial amounts of content in more than one language. However, these structures are not all coherent and are not up to the tasks of handling some common use cases. A subcommittee of the National Information Standards Organization (NISO) JATS Standing Committee (with participation from members of the Standards Tag Suite (STS) and Book Interchange Tag Suite (BITS) committees and some other invited experts) was formed, in 2021, with the goal of recommending changes to JATS to enable it to usefully encode multilingual articles. The subcommittee has recommended a set of changes that introduce new structures that can be available to JATS users who need them while minimizing the burden JATS users who rarely deal with multilingual content. Most of these changes are backward compatible with earlier versions of JATS. These changes are currently a work in progress and may become available in a future version of JATS. This paper presents a proposal for improving JATS to better support tagging multilingual articles with the hope of garnering feedback and suggestions from the JATS community.
Muddying the Waters
Authors: Cummings Vicki , Hofmann Daniela , Bjørnevad-Ahlqvist Mathias , Iversen Rune
Published: August 2022

This paper explores the current narratives of migration for the start and spread of the Neolithic with a particular focus on the role that the new ancient DNA data have provided. While the genetic data are important and instructive, here it is argued that archaeologists should also consider other strands of evidence. More nuanced appreciations of migration as a long-term process can be created by exploring modern mobility studies alongside considerations of continued mobility throughout the Neolithic in Europe. We can also re-interpret the material evidence itself in the light of these approaches to help trace multiple possible links and migrations from multiple different origin points. This involves the investigation of complex, but connected, practices, such as monument construction and deposition across wider areas of northern Europe than are currently normally investigated. Such an approach will enable us to address long-term processes of movement, migration and interaction and investigate how new, shared social experiences emerged in a setting in which mobility and migration may have been the norm.
Impact of Chen-Ning Yang’s theoretical work on ultracold atomic physics
Authors: Zhai Hui ,   Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Published: August 2022

As early as the 1950s, Prof. Yang and his collaborators realized that the most important interaction effects in a dilute quantum gas can be described by the s-wave scattering length between particles. This insight leads to universal descriptions of the interaction effects without the detailed knowledge of the interaction potential. They derived a formula expanding the energy density in terms of the gas parameter. This formula is later known as the Lee-Huang-Yang correction. However, it took forty years for the experimentalists to overcome several challenges and finally achieve degenerate quantum gases of atoms in 1995. The developments after 1995 have led to an exciting field known as “quantum gases” or “ultracold atomic gases”. The ultracold atom system has flexible tunability, allowing both the scattering length and the dimensionality to vary. The Lee-Huang-Yang corrections were observed from several experiments on ultracold atoms by increasing the scattering length. In addition, by reducing the dimensionality to one-dimension, several experiments on ultracold atoms have confirmed the Yang-Yang thermodynamics for one-dimensional bosons that Prof. Yang obtained in the 1960s and the large-N limit of one-dimensional fermions that Prof. Yang obtained around 2010. By increasing the dimensionality through using the idea of synthetic dimension, the experiment on ultracold atoms has also demonstrated the Yang monopole in the SU(2) non-abelian gauge field proposed by Prof. Yang in the 1970s. All of these experiments show the long-lasting impact of Prof. Yang’s theoretical work over several decades.
Plantar Erythrodysesthesia from Oral Targeted Cancer Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Schwartz Colleen S.
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development and use of new cancer therapies, cutaneous reactions related to systemic toxicities are becoming common. This case report establishes the importance of the podiatric physician’s role in the care of oncologic patients with plantar erythrodysesthesia taking a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
Data-driven causal analysis of observational biological time series
Authors: Yuan Alex Eric , Shou Wenying
Published: August 2022

Complex systems are challenging to understand, especially when they defy manipulative experiments for practical or ethical reasons. Several fields have developed parallel approaches to infer causal relations from observational time series. Yet, these methods are easy to misunderstand and often controversial. Here, we provide an accessible and critical review of three statistical causal discovery approaches (pairwise correlation, Granger causality, and state space reconstruction), using examples inspired by ecological processes. For each approach, we ask what it tests for, what causal statement it might imply, and when it could lead us astray. We devise new ways of visualizing key concepts, describe some novel pathologies of existing methods, and point out how so-called ‘model-free’ causality tests are not assumption-free. We hope that our synthesis will facilitate thoughtful application of methods, promote communication across different fields, and encourage explicit statements of assumptions. A video walkthrough is available (Video 1 or https://youtu.be/AlV0ttQrjK8).
Global variation in force-of-infection trends for human Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis
Authors: Dixon Matthew A , Winskill Peter , Harrison Wendy E , Whittaker Charles , Schmidt Veronika , Flórez Sánchez Astrid Carolina , Cucunuba Zulma M , Edia-Asuke Agnes U , Walker Martin , Basáñez María-Gloria
Published: August 2022

Infection by Taenia solium poses a major burden across endemic countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) 2021–2030 Neglected Tropical Diseases roadmap has proposed that 30% of endemic countries achieve intensified T. solium control in hyperendemic areas by 2030. Understanding geographical variation in age-prevalence profiles and force-of-infection (FoI) estimates will inform intervention designs across settings. Human taeniasis (HTT) and human cysticercosis (HCC) age-prevalence data from 16 studies in Latin America, Africa, and Asia were extracted through a systematic review. Catalytic models, incorporating diagnostic performance uncertainty, were fitted to the data using Bayesian methods, to estimate rates of antibody (Ab)-seroconversion, infection acquisition and Ab-seroreversion or infection loss. HCC FoI and Ab-seroreversion rates were also estimated across 23 departments in Colombia from 28,100 individuals. Across settings, there was extensive variation in all-ages seroprevalence. Evidence for Ab-seroreversion or infection loss was found in most settings for both HTT and HCC and for HCC Ab-seroreversion in Colombia. The average duration until humans became Ab-seropositive/infected decreased as all-age (sero)prevalence increased. There was no clear relationship between the average duration humans remain Ab-seropositive and all-age seroprevalence. Marked geographical heterogeneity in T. solium transmission rates indicate the need for setting-specific intervention strategies to achieve the WHO goals.
Dendritic cell Piezo1 directs the differentiation of TH1 and Treg cells in cancer
Authors: Wang Yuexin , Yang Hui , Jia Anna , Wang Yufei , Yang Qiuli , Dong Yingjie , Hou Yueru , Cao Yejin , Dong Lin , Bi Yujing , Liu Guangwei
Published: August 2022

Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in anti-tumor immunity by inducing T cell differentiation. Herein, we found that the DC mechanical sensor Piezo1 stimulated by mechanical stiffness or inflammatory signals directs the reciprocal differentiation of TH1 and regulatory T (Treg) cells in cancer. Genetic deletion of Piezo1 in DCs inhibited the generation of TH1 cells while driving the development of Treg cells in promoting cancer growth in mice. Mechanistically, Piezo1-deficient DCs regulated the secretion of the polarizing cytokines TGFβ1 and IL-12, leading to increased TGFβR2-p-Smad3 activity and decreased IL-12Rβ2-p-STAT4 activity while inducing the reciprocal differentiation of Treg and TH1 cells. In addition, Piezo1 integrated the SIRT1-hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α)-dependent metabolic pathway and calcium-calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway to orchestrate reciprocal TH1 and Treg lineage commitment through DC-derived IL-12 and TGFβ1. Our studies provide critical insight for understanding the role of the DC-based mechanical regulation of immunopathology in directing T cell lineage commitment in tumor microenvironments.
Shining a light on hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Schmidt Anne
Published: August 2022

A combination of light and electron microscopy has revealed further details about the location and interactions of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.
Daylight savings time transition and the incidence of femur fractures in the older population: a nationwide registry-based study
Authors: Ponkilainen Ville , Koukkula Topias , Uimonen Mikko , Mattila Ville M. , Kuitunen Ilari , Reito Aleksi
Published: August 2022

Background

Daylight Savings Time (DST) transition is known to cause sleep disruption, and thus may increase the incidence of injuries and accidents during the week following the transition. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of femur fractures after DST transition.

Methods

We conducted retrospective population-based register study. All Finnish patients 70 years or older who were admitted to hospital due to femur fracture between 1997 and 2020 were gathered from the Finnish National Hospital Discharge Register. Negative binomial regression with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to evaluate the incidence of femur fractures after DST transition.

Results

The data included a total of 112,658 femur fractures during the study period between 1997 and 2020, with an annual mean (SD) of 4,694 (206) fractures. The incidence of femur fractures decreased at the beginning of the study period from 968 to 688 per 100,000 person-years between 1997 and 2007. The weekly mean of femur fractures remained lower during the summer (from 130 to 150 per 100,000 person-weeks) than in winter (from 160 to 180 per 100,000 person-weeks). Incidence rate ratio for the Monday following DST transition was 1.10 (CI [0.98–1.24]) in spring and 1.10 (CI [0.97–1.24]) in fall, and for the whole week 1.07 (CI [1.01–1.14]) in spring and 0.97 (CI [0.83–1.13]) in fall.

Conclusion

We found weak evidence that the incidence of femur fractures increases after DST transition in the spring.
Recapitulating human ovarian aging using random walks
Authors: Johnson Joshua , Emerson John W. , Lawley Sean D.
Published: August 2022

Mechanism(s) that control whether individual human primordial ovarian follicles (PFs) remain dormant, or begin to grow, are all but unknown. One of our groups has recently shown that activation of the Integrated Stress Response (ISR) pathway can slow follicular granulosa cell proliferation by activating cell cycle checkpoints. Those data suggest that the ISR is active and fluctuates according to local conditions in dormant PFs. Because cell cycle entry of (pre)granulosa cells is required for PF growth activation (PFGA), we propose that rare ISR checkpoint resolution allows individual PFs to begin to grow. Fluctuating ISR activity within individual PFs can be described by a random process. In this article, we model ISR activity of individual PFs by one-dimensional random walks (RWs) and monitor the rate at which simulated checkpoint resolution and thus PFGA threshold crossing occurs. We show that the simultaneous recapitulation of (i) the loss of PFs over time within simulated subjects, and (ii) the timing of PF depletion in populations of simulated subjects equivalent to the distribution of the human age of natural menopause can be produced using this approach. In the RW model, the probability that individual PFs grow is influenced by regionally fluctuating conditions, that over time manifests in the known pattern of PFGA. Considered at the level of the ovary, randomness appears to be a key, purposeful feature of human ovarian aging.
Identification and Prioritization of The Determinant Factors for Selecting Construction Projects in Overseas: A Delphi Survey
Authors:   Universitas Bung Hatta, Padang, INDONESIA, Utama W. , Ariani V. ,   Universitas Bung Hatta, Padang, INDONESIA, Rohman M. ,   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, INDONESIA, Zahoor H. ,   National University of Sciences and Technology, Risalpur Campus. PAKISTAN, Maqsoom A. ,   COMSATS University Islamabad Wah Campus.PAKISTAN
Published: August 2022

Undefinable nature of overseas markets substantially impacts the enterprises’ decision to pursue projects abroad. This study aims at identifying and prioritizing the determinant factors which considerably influence the decision to go/not go for projects in overseas from the Indonesian construction enterprises’ (ICEs) perspective. A comprehensive literature review purposed to identify the determinant factors of enterprises’ decision in selecting overseas projects was undertaken at the beginning of study. Of 131 successfully identified, 31 factors were specified after a series of following screening methods. Firstly, the factors having similar meaning were incorporated into a term. A tally technique to indicate frequency of the factor appearance then was applied for which four times emergence as cut-off point. A two-round Delphi survey involving 11 industrial experts was carried out to assess the importance and frequency level of risk occurrence of the 31-factors. Significant index (SI) were calculated to prioritize these factors to which 21 items were defined as the determinant factors to go/not go for projects in overseas. The top ten ranking factors are: (1) quality and clarity of contract condition, (2) project scale/size, (3) complexity of project, (4) financial capability and support, (5) types of contract, (6) type of contract, (7) project/contract duration, (8) client’s reputation, (9) political stability, and (10) economic health and stability. Besides defining the determinant factors, the findings of this research may assist other typical contracting companies to spotlight the central features of OCM in order to manifest their global vision.
Study of the Effect of Three Extraction Processes on the Phytoactives of Alchornea cordifolia (Schumach. & Thonn.) Müll. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) and Evaluation of their Antioxidant and Analgesic Activities
Authors: Konan Pierre Alain Kouassi , N'Gaman-Kouassi Kohué Christelle Chantal , Mamyrbekova-Békro Janat Akhanovna , Békro Yves-Alain
Published: August 2022

Aims: An important aspect of the valorization of plants of interest is the search for phytoactives. This work aims to show the effect of extractive processes (maceration, decoction, Soxhlet extraction) both on the phytoconstituents of a plant species and on their intrinsic properties.

Methodology: Alchornea cordifolia, a botanical species growing in Côte d'Ivoire, was chosen for this purpose. Phytophenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins were quantified by spectrophotometry. Antioxidant (DPPH and FRAP) and analgesic activity were also evaluated.

Results: The quantitative analysis of total phytophenols, total flavonoids and condensed tannins of macerated, decocted and Soxhlet extracts of the plant organs (leaves, stems, roots), highlighted their respective contents, varying proportionally according to the extraction conditions. The same observation was made at the end of the estimation of the antioxidant (DPPH and FRAP tests) and analgesic activities of these different extraction fractions.

Conclusion: This study has demonstrated the effect of three extraction processes on some phytoactives quantified of A. cordifolia.
Performance of Groundnut Varieties in Kallakurichi District through Farmer Participatory Mode
Authors: Alagudurai S. , Thirunavukkarasu D. , Sharmilabharathi C.
Published: August 2022

Field demonstrations were conducted in farmers field of Kallakurichi district during rabi 2020-21 to assess the growth, yield performance and economics of new groundnut varieties under irrigated condition. Three improved groundnut varieties viz. TMV14, Dharani (TCGS-1043) and CO 7, and check variety TMV 7 was taken for study. Critical inputs such as Groundnut seed (40 kg farmer-1), seed treatment chemicals, groundnut rich @ 5 kg ha-1 and bio inputs were distributed to identified farmers (50 nos) by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kallakurichi through ICAR Cluster Front line Demonstration (CFLD) programme. The study revealed that Dharani variety recorded higher number of pods (36/plant), pod yield (2530 kg/ ha), Haulm yield (3890 kg/ ha), higher gross returns of Rs 139150 ha-1 and net return of Rs 84900 ha-1 with higher benefit ratio of 3.0 followed by CO7 variety with pod yield of 2380 kg/ ha and B:C ratio of 2.84 when compared to TMV 7 and local check. The impact of FLD was also analyzed which showed that there was significant improvement in adoption of new variety, improved technologies, knowledge level and satisfaction on the part of farmers. It concluded that, groundnut varieties Dharani and CO 7 are suitable for cultivation in rabi/summer (January-April) season of Kallakurichi district.
As Raízes e o Futuro do “Homem Cordial” Segundo Sérgio Buarque de Holanda
Authors: Luiz de Souza Ricardo
Published: August 2022

O texto faz uma

análise do

método utilizado por Sérgio Buarque de Holanda e

de seu

conceito de Homem Cordial, mostrando como ambos foram

construídos a partir da tipologia weberiana e como esse

conceito

fundamentou a análise política do autor. Analisa

a

questão da identidade nacional na perspectiva do autor, e

assinala o processo de reformulação que tal

questão sofreu ao longo de sua obra.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: identidade nacional, modernidade, história.

THE ROOTS AND THE

“CORDIAL MAN’S” FUTURE ACCORDING TO

SÉRGIO BUARQUE DE HOLANDA

Ricardo Luiz de Souza

This paper makes an analysis of the method used by Sérgio

Buarque de Holanda and of his concept of Cordial Man, showing how both

were built starting from the weberian typology and how the Cordial

Man’s concept based the author’s political

analysis. It

analyzes the subject of the national identity in the author’s

perspective, and it marks the reformulation process that such issue

suffered throughout his work.

KEYWORDS: national identity, modernity, history.

LES RACINES ET

L’AVENIR DE “L’HOMME CORDIAL”

SELON SÉRGIO BUARQUE DE HOLANDA

Ricardo Luiz de Souza

Le texte présente l’analyse de la

méthode

utilisée par Sérgio Buarque de Holanda et de son

concept

d’Homme Cordial. Il montre de quelle manière ces

deux

éléments ont été construits

à partir

de la typologie de Weber et comment le concept de l’Homme

Cordial

a servi de base à l’analyse politique de

l’auteur.

La question de l’identité nationale est

présentée dans la perspective de

l’auteur et on y

montre le processus de reformulation dont une telle question a souffert

tout au long de son oeuvre.

MOTS-CLÉS: identité nationale,

modernité, histoire.

Publicação

Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
Association of Low Emotional and Tangible Support With Risk of Dementia Among Adults 60 Years and Older in South Korea
Authors: Oh Dae Jong , Yang Hee Won , Kim Tae Hui , Kwak Kyung Phil , Kim Bong Jo , Kim Shin Gyeom , Kim Jeong Lan , Moon Seok Woo , Park Joon Hyuk , Ryu Seung-Ho , Youn Jong Chul , Lee Dong Young , Lee Dong Woo , Lee Seok Bum , Lee Jung Jae , Jhoo Jin Hyeong , Bae Jong Bin , Han Ji Won , Kim Ki Woong
Published: August 2022

Importance

The association between social support and dementia risk has been debated. Most previous prospective studies have not differentiated the subtypes of social support.

Objective

To examine whether the association between social support and risk of dementia differs by subtype of social support and by sex.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This nationwide prospective cohort study included randomly sampled South Korean adults 60 years or older. The study was launched November 1, 2010, with follow-up every 2 years until November 30, 2020. The 5852 participants who completed the assessment for social support and were not diagnosed as having dementia, severe psychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder, or major neurological disorders at the baseline assessment were included in the analysis.

Exposures

Geriatric psychiatrists administered the structured diagnostic interviews and physical examinations to every participant based on the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer Disease (CERAD-K) Assessment Packet Clinical Assessment Battery.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Baseline levels of emotional and tangible support using the Medical Outcomes Survey Social Support Survey.

Results

Among the 5852 participants (mean [SD] age, 69.8 [6.6] years; 3315 women [56.6%]; mean [SD] follow-up duration, 5.9 [2.4] years), 237 (4.0%) had incident all-cause dementia and 160 (2.7%) had incident Alzheimer disease (AD) subtype of dementia. Compared with women who reported having emotional support, those with low emotional support had almost a 2-fold higher incidence of all-cause dementia (18.4 [95% CI, 13.6-23.2] vs 10.7 [95% CI, 9.0-12.5] per 1000 person-years) and AD (14.4 [95% CI, 10.2-18.6] vs 7.8 [95% CI, 6.3-9.3] per 1000 person-years). Adjusted Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that low emotional support was associated with increased risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.10-2.36]; P = .02) and AD (hazard ratio, 1.66 [95% CI, 1.07-2.57]; P = .02) only in women. Low tangible support was not associated with a risk of all-cause dementia or AD regardless of sex.

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this cohort study suggest that older women with low emotional support constitute a population at risk for dementia. The level of emotional support should be included in risk assessments of dementia.
Activity of Cabazitaxel in Metastatic or Inoperable Locally Advanced Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma
Authors: Sanfilippo Roberta , Hayward Richard L. , Musoro Jammbe , Benson Charlotte , Leahy Michael Gordon , Brunello Antonella , Blay Jean-Yves , Steeghs Neeltje , Desar Ingrid M. E. , Ali Nasim , Hervieu Alice , Thway Khin , Marreaud Sandrine , Litiere Saskia , Kasper Bernd
Published: August 2022

Importance

Treatment options for patients with unresectable and/or metastatic dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) are limited. New drugs are required.

Objective

To assess whether cabazitaxel demonstrated sufficient antitumor activity in patients with metastatic or inoperable locally advanced DDLPS to justify further investigation in a phase 3 setting.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This international multicenter, open-label single-arm phase 2 trial was conducted at 10 institutions in 4 European countries from March 2015 to March 2019. Eligible patients had to have metastatic or locally advanced histologically proven DDLPS with evidence of disease progression within the past 6 months and had to have received no more than 1 previous line of chemotherapy.

Interventions

After mandatory central review of tumor blocks, if the DDLPS diagnosis was confirmed, patients started treatment within 72 hours after registration. Cabazitaxel was administered at a dose of 25 mg/m2 IV infusion over 1 hour every 21 days until intolerance, progression, or withdrawal of consent.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 12 weeks per RECIST 1.1. Based on a Simon 2-stage design, at least 4 of 17 (stage 1) and 11 of 37 (stage 2) eligible and evaluable patients who were progression free at 12 weeks were needed. The final analysis report was completed on November 17, 2021.

Results

Forty patients were registered, with 2 patients being ineligible. The number of cycles ranged from 1 to 30, with a median of 5; 26 patients (65%) received at least 4 cycles of cabazitaxel. Progression-free survival at 12 weeks was 55%, achieving the primary study end point. At a median follow-up of 21.6 months, median PFS was 6 months and median OS 21 months. Response rate (RR) was 8% with 1 clinical response (CR) and 2 partial responses (PR). Twenty-three (60.5%) patients had a stable disease (SD). Disease control (PR+SD) was achieved in 26 patients (68%).

Conclusions and Relevance

This nonrandomized phase 2 clinical trial met its primary end point, with 21 of 38 patients (55%) being progression free at 12 weeks. These results suggest important activity of cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic or inoperable locally advanced DDLPS. The drug is worth being further studied in these tumors in a phase 3 setting.
Loss of GABARAPL1 confers ferroptosis resistance to cancer stem‐like cells in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Du Xiaojing , Qi Zhuoran , Xu Jinzhi , Guo Mengzhou , Zhang Xingxing , Yu Zhijie , Cao Xin , Xia Jinglin
Published: August 2022

Cancer stem‐like cells (CSLC) are considered a major contributor to the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous studies indicated that CSLC are characterized by resistance to ferroptosis, a type of lipid peroxidation‐dependent cell death. Here, we identified a set of ferroptosis‐related stemness genes (FRSG) and found that these genes may be involved in immune infiltration in HCC. A four‐FRSG (CDKN2A, GABARAPL1, HRAS, RPL8) risk model with prognostic prediction was constructed by a Cox analysis in HCC. Among these four genes, GABARAPL1 was downregulated in HCC tumor‐repopulating cells (TRC; a type of CSLC). Its downregulation decreased the sensitivity of HCC TRC to erastin‐ or sorafenib‐triggered ferroptosis. Together, we uncovered a molecular mechanism via which CSLC could achieve tolerance to ferroptosis. Further studies may provide potential therapeutic strategies targeting CSLC in HCC.
A pH‐Responsive Cluster Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticle for Enhanced Tumor Accumulation and Antitumor Effect
Authors: Cheng Ruoyu , Jiang Lingxi , Gao Han , Liu Zehua , Mäkilä Ermei , Wang Shiqi , Saiding Qimanguli , Xiang Lei , Tang Xiaomei , Shi Minmin , Liu Jia , Pang Libin , Salonen Jarno , Hirvonen Jouni , Zhang Hongbo , Cui Wenguo , Shen Baiyong , Santos Hélder A.
Published: August 2022

As a result of the deficient tumor‐specific antigens, potential off‐target effect, and influence of protein corona, metal–organic framework nanoparticles have inadequate accumulation in tumor tissues, limiting their therapeutic effects. In this work, a pH‐responsive linker (L) is prepared by covalently modifying oleylamine (OA) with 3‐(bromomethyl)‐4‐methyl‐2,5‐furandione (MMfu) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Then, the L is embedded into a solid lipid nanoshell to coat apilimod (Ap)‐loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework (Ap‐ZIF) to form Ap‐ZIF@SLN#L. Under the tumor microenvironment, the hydrophilic PEG and MMfu are removed, exposing the hydrophobic OA on Ap‐ZIF@SLN#L, increasing their uptake in cancer cells and accumulation in the tumor. The ZIF@SLN#L nanoparticle induces reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ap released from Ap‐ZIF@SLN#L significantly promotes intracellular ROS and lactate dehydrogenase generation. Ap‐ZIF@SLN#L inhibits tumor growth, increases the survival rate in mice, activates the tumor microenvironment, and improves the infiltration of macrophages and T cells in the tumor, as demonstrated in two different tumor‐bearing mice after injections with Ap‐ZIF@SLN#TL. Furthermore, mice show normal tissue structure of the main organs and the normal serum level in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase after treatment with the nanoparticles. Overall, this pH‐responsive targeting strategy improves nanoparticle accumulation in tumors with enhanced therapeutic effects.
Highly Efficient Double Microprism Polarizer with Microstructured Molecular Ordering
Authors: Lee Doyeon , Yoon Hyun‐Jin , Song Suk‐ho , Park Sung‐Jae , Shen Tian‐Zi , Park Yong Woo , Song Jang‐Kun
Published: August 2022

Using crafted microstructures with complex molecular ordering has proven to be an excellent approach to control the propagation and phase front of light, and consequently, has led to remarkable advances in various photonic devices. A polarization‐conversion‐type polarizer with extraordinarily high transmittance can be another innovative photonic application that can be realized using microfabricated molecular ordering; however, the technology is still at the stage of idea generation. Here, a novel polarization conversion polarizer is demonstrated using a polymerized liquid crystalline double microprism (DMP) array and patterned retarder. A lab‐made polarizer using the method exhibits the degree of polarization of 94.5% without absorption or large reflection of light, and its transmittance is found to be ≈1.8 times higher than a dichroic sheet polarizer. In addition, the DMP polarizer works in the full spectral range of visible light and its thickness is less than 150 µm; therefore, it can be used in flat photonic devices, including displays. DMP polarizers can easily be fabricated using well‐established soft lithography and photoalignment methods. Thus, the proposed technology can open new possibilities for polymerized liquid crystal films with well‐crafted molecular ordering.
MAPbBr3 First‐Order Distributed Feedback Laser with High Stability
Authors: Chang Cheng , Shi Yangwei , Zou Chen , Lin Lih Y.
Published: August 2022

A green‐emitting perovskite first‐order distributed feedback (DFB) laser based on the methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) with high stability is demonstrated for the first time. The laser achieves stable lasing at 550 nm with a full width at half maximum of 0.4 nm. Low lasing threshold of 60 μJ cm−2 under nanosecond pulsed excitation and 3.1 μJ cm−2 under femtosecond pulsed excitation is observed, showing a much lower lasing threshold compared with the second‐order DFB cavities, which are fabricated on the same substrate. By optimizing the antisolvent treatment and encapsulating with poly(methyl methacrylate), the laser lifetime, resistance to moisture, lasing threshold, and intensity are significantly improved. The lasers are fabricated with a complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor‐compatible process, thus offer promising potential for the integrated photonic devices.