bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantum Hall coherent perfect absorption in graphene
Authors: Jahani Dariush , Alikhani Mohammadreza , Abdi Yaser
Published: December 2023

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absorption in a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) with Dirac spectrum is demonstrated to be obtained by controlling the interference of multiple incident radiations, referred to as coherent perfect absorption (CPA). However, when a 2DEG such as graphene is exposed to a magnetostatic bias, it resonantly could absorb electromagnetic radiation by transitions of its Dirac electrons between non-equidistant and nonlinear Landau levels. Here, the magneto-optical terahertz (THz) CPA in graphene under the quantum Hall effect (QHE) regime at both strong and subtesla magnetostatic bias fields is addressed. Our findings show that an effective magneto-optical surface conductivity corresponding to right- and left-handed circular (RHC- and LHC) polarizations could model a magneto-tunable CPA in graphene in THz range. Significantly, graphene under QHE regime reveals different tunable CPA properties for each circularly polarized beams by the intensity of the applied magnetic bias. Moreover, it is observed that different phase modulations at CPA frequencies are achieved for RHC and LHC polarizations. Considering the maximum efficiency for a 2D absorber, our results demonstrate the magnetostatic tuning of CPA in 2D Dirac materials for long-wavelength sensing applications and signal processing.
Application research on reducing radiation-induced lung injury with a trigger operator based on overlap volume histogram (OVH) in breast cancer postoperative radiotherapy
Authors: Li Qianyan , Deng Feifei , Pan Xiang , Bai Han , Bai Jie , Liu Xuhong , Chen Feihu , Ge Ren
Published: December 2023

This study aims to develop a trigger operator based on the Overlap Volume Histogram (OVH) and examined its effectiveness in enhancing plan quality to minimize radiation-induced lung injury in postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer. This trigger operator was applied for plan re-optimization to the previous Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) plans of 16 left breast conserving surgery cases. These cases were categorized into a Contiguous Group (CG) and a Separated Group (SG) based on the relative position between the target and the Left-Lung (L-Lung). We investigated the changes in Vx, mean dose, and Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) values of organs-at-risk (OARs) before and after using the trigger operator. The Pairwise Sample T test was employed to evaluate the differences in indices between the two groups before and after optimizations. The trigger operator effectively initiated plan re-optimization. The values of V5, V10, V20, V30, and V40 of the L-Lung, as well as the mean dose of the heart, all decreased after re-optimization. The Pairwise Sample T test results showed statistically significant differences in the V20, V30, and V40 of the L-Lung in the CG (P < 0.01), and in the V5, V10, V20, V30, and V40 of the L-Lung in the SG (P < 0.01). Our findings suggest that the proposed trigger operator can improve plan quality, thereby reducing radiation-induced lung injury in postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer.
A pilot study on the immune cell proteome of long COVID patients shows changes to physiological pathways similar to those in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Peppercorn Katie , Edgar Christina D. , Kleffmann Torsten , Tate Warren P.
Published: December 2023

Of those infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ~ 10% develop the chronic post-viral debilitating condition, long COVID (LC). Although LC is a heterogeneous condition, about half of cases have typical post-viral fatigue with onset and symptoms that are very similar to myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). A key question is whether these conditions are closely related. ME/CFS is a post-stressor fatigue condition that arises from multiple triggers. To investigate the pathophysiology of LC, a pilot study of patients (n = 6) and healthy controls (n = 5) has used quantitative proteomics to discover changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proteins. A principal component analysis separated all long COVID patients from healthy controls. Analysis of 3131 proteins identified 162 proteins differentially regulated, of which 37 were related to immune functions, and 21 to mitochondrial functions. Markov cluster analysis identified clusters involved in immune system processes, and two aspects of gene expression-spliceosome and transcription. These results were compared with an earlier dataset of 346 differentially regulated proteins in PBMC’s from ME/CFS patients (n = 9) analysed by the same methodology. There were overlapping protein clusters and enriched molecular pathways particularly in immune functions, suggesting the two conditions have similar immune pathophysiology as a prominent feature, and mitochondrial functions involved in energy production were affected in both conditions.
Numerical investigation on flow, heat and mass transfer performance of fractional Oldroyd-B hybrid nanofluid as a coolant for power battery
Authors: Xu Xiaoqin
Published: December 2023

This paper introduced for the first time a viscoelastic hybrid nanofluid as the coolant for direct contact cooling power battery. The governing boundary layer equations were established by adopting fractional Oldroyd-B model and fractional Buongiorno’s model. Second-order velocity slip boundary conditions were also considered. Then the solutions were numerically acquired by finite difference coupled with L1 algorithm. Impact of main physical parameters on the flow, heat and mass transfer of the viscoelastic hybrid nanofluid on the cylindrical battery was graphically presented and detailly discussed. Outcomes show that the heat transfer is improved by both Brownian motion(Nb) and thermophoresis(Nt) to different degrees. When Nb grows from 0.05 to 0.1, the average Nusselt number increases by 2.2%, higher than 0.027% of Nt. The slip behavior only affects the velocity distribution near the individual cell and slightly enhances heat and mass transfer. The velocity relaxation fractional derivative contributes to convection, heat and mass transfer on the cell wall, while velocity retardation fractional derivative behaves just the opposite. The proposed viscoelastic hybrid nanofluid with appropriate volume fractions of nanoparticles enhances heat transfer on the cell wall and is strongly recommended as a candidate for power battery coolant.
Acute enhancement of Romanian deadlift performance after consumption of caffeinated chewing gum
Authors: Chen Chun-Hung , Wu Shih-Hao , Shiu Yi-Jie , Yu Sheng-Yan , Chiu Chih-Hui
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the effect of the consumption of caffeinated chewing gum on the performance of Romanian deadlift on the flywheel training device. A total of 19 participants completed a randomized, cross-over, single-blind experiment with food-grade caffeinated chewing gum trial (CAF) or placebo trail (PL). Gum were chewed for 10 min and rest for 15 min prior to the Romanian deadlift test using the inertial resistance training machine. 5 sets of 6 Romanian deadlifts were performed, with a 3-min rest between sets, followed by a 7-day washout period before the next set of trials. The average power, average force, total peak power, peak concentric power, peak eccentric power, heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) for each trials were analyzed using paired-T test. Compared to placebo, caffeinated chewing gum trial enhanced peak concentric power (P = 0.016, Cohen's d = 0.44), peak eccentric power (P = 0.005, Cohen's d = 0.55), average power (P = 0.013, Cohen's d = 0.43), and total work (P = 0.026, Cohen's d = 0.28). However, in average force (P = 0.063, Cohen's d = 0.50), RPE (P = 0.266), and heart rate (P = 0.143), were no significant differences between trials. Caffeinated chewing gum with a dose of caffeine of 200 mg for 10 min may acutely enhance Romanian deadlift performance on the flywheel machine.
Radiomics model based on multi-sequence MRI for preoperative prediction of ki-67 expression levels in early endometrial cancer
Authors: Ding Si-Xuan , Sun Yu-Feng , Meng Huan , Wang Jia-Ning , Xue Lin-Yan , Gao Bu-Lang , Yin Xiao-Ping
Published: December 2023

To validate a radiomics model based on multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the ki-67 expression levels in early-stage endometrial cancer, 131 patients with early endometrial cancer who had undergone pathological examination and preoperative MRI scan were retrospectively enrolled and divided into two groups based on the ki-67 expression levels. The radiomics features were extracted from the T2 weighted imaging (T2WI), dynamic contrast enhanced T1 weighted imaging (DCE-T1WI), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map and screened using the Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC). A multi-layer perceptual machine and fivefold cross-validation were used to construct the radiomics model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess the models. The combined multi-sequence radiomics model of T2WI, DCE-T1WI, and ADC map showed better discriminatory powers than those using only one sequence. The combined radiomics models with multi-sequence fusions achieved the highest area under the ROC curve (AUC). The AUC value of the validation set was 0.852, with an accuracy of 0.827, sensitivity of 0.844, specificity of 0.773, and precision of 0.799. In conclusion, the combined multi-sequence MRI based radiomics model enables preoperative noninvasive prediction of the ki-67 expression levels in early endometrial cancer. This provides an objective imaging basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Integration of mRNA and miRNA analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) response to salt stress
Authors: Zhang Ziqiang , Wang Liang , Chen Wenjin , Fu Zengjuan , Zhao Shangmin , E Yuanyuan , Zhang Hui , Zhang Bizhou , Sun Mengyuan , Han Pingan , Chang Yue , Tang Kuangang , Gao Yanyan , Zhang Huizhong , Li Xiaodong , Zheng Wenzhe
Published: December 2023

The continuous increase of saline-alkali areas worldwide has led to the emergence of saline-alkali conditions, which are the primary abiotic stress or hindering the growth of plants. Beet is among the main sources of sugar, and its yield and sugar content are notably affected by saline-alkali stress. Despite sugar beet being known as a salt-tolerant crop, there are few studies on the mechanisms underlying its salt tolerance, and previous studies have mainly delineated the crop’s response to stress induced by NaCl. Recently, advancements in miRNA-mRNA network analysis have led to an increased understanding of how plants, including sugar beet, respond to stress. In this study, seedlings of beet variety "N98122" were grown in the laboratory using hydroponics culture and were exposed to salt stress at 40 days of growth. According to the phenotypic adaptation of the seedlings' leaves from a state of turgidity to wilting and then back to turgidity before and after exposure, 18 different time points were selected to collect samples for analysis. Subsequently, based on the data of real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) of salt-responsive genes, the samples collected at the 0, 2.5, 7.5, and 16 h time points were subjected to further analysis with experimental materials. Next, mRNA-seq data led to the identification of 8455 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) under exposure to salt stress. In addition, miRNA-seq based investigation retrieved 3558 miRNAs under exposure to salt stress, encompassing 887 known miRNAs belonging to 783 families and 2,671 novel miRNAs. With the integrated analysis of miRNA-mRNA network, 57 miRNA-target gene pairs were obtained, consisting of 55 DEMIs and 57 DEMs. Afterwards, we determined the pivotal involvement of aldh2b7, thic, and δ-oat genes in the response of sugar beet to the effect of salt stress. Subsequently, we identified the miRNAs novel-m035-5p and novel-m0365-5p regulating the aldh gene and miRNA novel-m0979-3p regulating the thic gene. The findings of miRNA and mRNA expression were validated by qRT-PCR.
Eu MOF-enhanced FeNCD nanozymes for fluorescence and highly sensitive colorimetric detection of tetracycline
Authors: Chen Cheng , Li Jing , Luo Fang , Lin Zhenyu , Wang Jian , Zhang Tao , Huang Aiwen , Qiu Bin
Published: December 2023

The constrained enzymatic activity and aggregation challenges encountered by small-sized nanozymes pose obstacles to their practical utility, necessitating a strategy to mitigate aggregation and boost enzymatic catalytic efficiency.
Determination of promethazine in forensic samples using multi-walled carbon nanotube-gold nanoparticle electrochemical sensor
Authors: Chanjamsri Natthakarn , Phonchai Apichai , Ngamchuea Kamonwad , Nacapricha Duangjai , Wilairat Prapin , Chaisiwamongkhol Korbua
Published: December 2023

An electrochemical sensor was developed based on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the determination of promethazine (PMZ) in forensic samples.
Controversial mechanism of simultaneous photocatalysis and Fenton-based processes: additional effect or synergy?
Authors: Monfort Olivier , Madhusudhan Arshitha , Motola Martin
Published: December 2023

Proposed synergistic mechanism of simultaneous photocatalysis and Fenton-based processes.
Polydopamine modified by pillar[5]arene in situ for targeted chemo-photothermal cancer therapy
Authors: Tang Ruowen , Zhou Lei , Dai Yu , Wang Yang , Cai Yan , Chen Tingting , Yao Yong
Published: December 2023

A pillar[5]arene-modified polydopamine (PDA-P[5]OH) with pH/NIR dual-responsive properties was constructed successfully in situ for targeted chemo-photothermal cancer therapy.
Colloidal quantum dot materials for next-generation near-infrared optoelectronics
Authors: Meng Lingju , Xu Qiwei , Zhang Jiangwen , Wang Xihua
Published: December 2023

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are a promising class of materials for next-generation near-infrared optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells, lasers, photodetectors, and other applications.
Localization effect for doping and collaborative diffusion in Er3+:YAG melt
Authors: Liu Feng , Zhang Xianjie , Chen Kunfeng , Peng Chao , Zhuang Guilin , Xue Dongfeng
Published: December 2023

In Er3+:YAG melt system, there is an equivalence within both structure and dynamics for Er3+ and Y3+, which cannot be affected by system temperature and Er3+ concentration.
Dense arrangement of crown ethers in graphene: novel graphitic carbon oxides with enhanced optoelectronic properties
Authors: Li Hongyan , Xiang Jiang , Chen Liang , Xu Jing , Liu Wei
Published: December 2023

Incorporating crown ethers into a graphene lattice presents an efficient means of tuning its properties and expanding its range of potential applications.
Constructing perfect cubic Ag–Cu alloyed nanoclusters through selective elimination of phosphine ligands
Authors: Tang Li , Han Qikai , Wang Bin , Yang Zhonghua , Song Chunyuan , Feng Guanyu , Wang Shuxin
Published: December 2023

The aspiration of chemists has always been to design and achieve control over nanoparticle morphology at the atomic level.
Redox reactions of a pyrazine-bridged RuIII(edta) binuclear complex: spectrochemical, spectroelectrochemical and theoretical studies
Authors: Impert Olga , Witwicki Maciej , Komarnicka Urszula K. , Bieńko Alina , Niorettini Alessandro , Chatterjee Debabrata
Published: December 2023

The redox reactions of a pyrazine-bridged binuclear [(edta)RuIIIpzRuIII(edta)]2− (edta4− = ethylenediaminetetraacetate; pz = pyrazine) have been investigated spectrochemically and spectroelectrochemically for the first time.
Boryl-substituted low-valent heavy group 14 compounds
Authors: Duan Chenxi , Cui Chunming
Published: December 2023

This review focuses on the low-valent heavy group 14 compounds stabilized by N-heterocyclic boryl ligands and their applications in the activation of small molecules and inert chemical bonds.
Switching the polarity of mouse enteroids affects the epithelial interplay with prenylated phenolics from licorice (Glycyrrhiza) roots
Authors: Dinteren Sarah van , Araya-Cloutier Carla , Robaczewska Edyta , den Otter Mellody , Witkamp Renger , Vincken Jean-Paul , Meijerink Jocelijn
Published: December 2023

A novel 3D-apical-out mouse enteroid model to investigate effects on the intestinal epithelium, including cytotoxicity, cell viability, and biotransformation. Evaluating the impact of prenylated phenolics from licorice (Glycyrrhiza) roots.
A systematic review of efficient recycling for the cathode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries: process intensification technologies beyond traditional methods
Authors: Men Lijuan , Feng Shuyao , Zhang Jiafeng , Luo Xubiao , Zhou Yefeng
Published: December 2023

With the consequent retirement of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), there has been an upsurge in spent LIBs, posing significant challenges to energy, resources, and the environment, which has led to the necessity to recycle spent LIBs.
Driving the rapid regeneration of LiFePO4 from spent lithium-ion batteries through one-pot mechanochemical activation
Authors: Wang Chenyan , Qiu Xuejing , Shen Gaoyang , Chen Xizhuo , Wang Jiamei , Xie Lingling , Han Qing , Zhu Limin , Li Jingjing , Cao Xiaoyu
Published: December 2023

Driving the rapid regeneration of LiFePO4 from spent lithium-ion batteries through one-pot mechanochemical activation, thus allowing for better environmental and economic returns.
High efficiency sperm enrichment from forensic mock samples in bubble-based acoustic filtration devices for short tandem repeat (STR) analysis
Authors: Wan Ting-Yu , Hwa Hsiao-Lin , Lee Tsui-Ting , Lu Yen-Wen
Published: December 2023

Microfluidic device research employs acoustic streaming and bubble dynamics for effective cell separation, mitigating filter fouling and enhancing forensic and biological analysis efficiency.
Synthesis, characterization, and anticancer potential of pyrene-appended Schiff base tin(iv) complexes: experimental and computational insights
Authors: Paul Anup , Khan Rais Ahmad , Shaik Gouse M. , Shaik Jilani P. , Nesterov Dmytro S. , Guedes da Silva M. Fátima C. , Pombeiro Armando J. L.
Published: December 2023

The cytotoxicity of two novel triorganotin(iv) compounds featuring pyrene-appended Schiff base groups is demonstrated, and molecular docking analysis indicates that they exhibit interactions with MMP-2 and TGF-β proteins.
Detection of medically relevant volatile organic compounds with graphene field-effect transistors and separated by low-frequency spectral and time signatures
Authors: Gil Bruno , Wales Dominic , Tan Haijie , Yeatman Eric
Published: December 2023

Separation of volatile organic compounds by spectral and time domain signatures measured using graphene field-effect transistor arrays in nitrogen carrying gas medium and correlated to the donor–acceptor number theory and low-frequency 1/f noise.
Multiscale effects in tandem CO2 electrolysis to C2+ products
Authors: Cousins Lewis S. , Creissen Charles E.
Published: December 2023

CO2 electrolysis to multicarbon products can be promoted by tandem catalysis. Here we provide an overview of different effects at a range of length scales to identify how catalyst and device design can promote C2+ selectivity.
Enhancing NIR-to-visible upconversion in a rigidly coupled tetracene dimer: approaching statistical limits for triplet–triplet annihilation using intramolecular multiexciton states
Authors: Gilligan Alexander T. , Owens Raythe , Miller Ethan G. , Pompetti Nicholas F. , Damrauer Niels H.
Published: December 2023

We report upconversion for a rigid tetracene dimer that yields 20× that of a monomer model. This is due to a 30× relative enhancement in TTA, indicating participation by intramolecular multiexciton states, including the 5TT, in productive channels.
Suppressing ACQ of molecular photosensitizers by distorting the conjugated-plane for enhanced tumor photodynamic therapy
Authors: Sun Han , Li Lukun , Guo Ruihua , Wang Zhe , Guo Yanhui , Li Zhiliang , Song Fengling
Published: December 2023

This work demonstrates a novel strategy to address the notorious ACQ of non-AIE type fluorophores in an aqueous medium through deep insights into the structural effects leading to anti-ACQ properties, which could benefit the potential applications.
Photoexcitation of (diarylmethylene)amino benziodoxolones for alkylamination of styrene derivatives with carboxylic acids
Authors: Okumatsu Daichi , Kiyokawa Kensuke , Bao Nguyen Linh Tran , Abe Manabu , Minakata Satoshi
Published: December 2023

The alkylamination of alkenes using carboxylic acids was achieved by the photoexcitation of (diarylmethylene)amino benziodoxolones, which serve as both an oxidant and an aminating reagent.
Mikrobiom und ballaststoffreiche Kost
Authors: Voiß Petra , Rolker Susanne , Hugen Kristina
Published: December 2023

Der Gastrointestinaltrakt wird von einer Vielzahl von Mikroorganismen, insbesondere Bakterien besiedelt. Sie erfüllen verschiedene Funktionen, die für die Verdauung, aber auch für die Gesundheit eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Eine hohe Diversität der Bakterien wird mit mehr Gesundheit in Zusammenhang gebracht. Durch eine ballaststoffreiche pflanzenbasierte Kost, wie sie das American Institute for Cancer Research empfiehlt, kann die Vielfalt der Bakterien erhöht werden und das Darmmilieu sowie die Barrierefunktion des Kolons günstig beeinflusst werden. Nicht nur während Therapie mit Checkpoint-Inhibitoren sondern auch nach einer Kolon- oder Mammakarzinom-Erkrankung scheint sich eine Ballaststoffzufuhr von mindestens 20 g pro Tag positiv auf das Überleben auszuwirken. Insbesondere in der Onkologie spielt die Verträglichkeit der Nahrung eine wichtige Rolle. Kontraindikationen bzgl. einer ballaststoffreichen Kost sind zu beachten und eine Erhöhung der Ballaststoffzufuhr sollte schrittweise erfolgen.
Schlafstörungen bei Krebs behandeln
Authors: Löffler Claudia
Published: December 2023

Bei vielen Krebspatient*innen kommen Schlafstörungen infolge der Erkrankung oder Therapie vor. Insbesondere Störungen der Einleitung und Aufrechterhaltung des Schlafes sowie Beeinträchtigungen des zirkadianen Schlafrhythmus treten bei ihnen häufig auf. Ausreichender Schlaf spielt eine wichtige Rolle für die Genesung und das Mortalitätsrisiko. Andererseits scheint Schlaf auch präventiv von Bedeutung zu sein. Hinweise deuten auf eine Störung des zirkadianen Rhythmus als eigenständigen Krebsrisikofaktor hin. Ärzt*innen sollten standardmäßig während der Krebstherapie herausfinden, ob die Patient*innen unter Schlafstörungen leiden. Eine Reihe an Maßnahmen, von Schlafhygiene bis hin zu verhaltenstherapeutischen Ansätzen sowie Medikamenten, kann Schlafstörungen lindern. Viele, auch komplemen­tärmedizinische Behandlungsmethoden werden explizit bei Schlafstörungen im Rahmen oder nach einer Krebserkrankung empfohlen.
Cannabinoide Arzneimittel bei Krebspatient*innen
Authors: Herdegen Thomas
Published: December 2023

Medikamente, die die therapeutisch relevanten Inhaltsstoffe des Cannabis, Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) und Canabidiol (CBD), enthalten, kommen bei Krebspatient*innen zum Einsatz, um zum Beispiel Krankheitssymptome wie Schmerzen oder Nebenwirkungen der Therapien zu lindern sowie die Lebensqualität zu verbessern. Die Studienlage rechtfertigt die Anwendung von cannabinoiden Arzneimitteln als Add-on-Therapie bei einem Total-Pain-Syndrom sowie Übelkeit, Appetitlosigkeit, Schlaflosigkeit, erhöhtem Muskeltonus, Stress, depressiven Verstimmungen, Ängstlichkeit und fehlender Distanzierung zum Krankheitsgeschehen. Erste Hinweise deuten zudem auf eine mögliche Anti-Tumor-Wirkung dieser Arzneimittel hin.
Artemisia annua und Artesunate in der Onkologie
Authors: Efferth Thomas
Published: December 2023

Artesunate ist ein klinisch etabliertes Medikament zur Malariabehandlung. Präklinische Daten weisen darauf hin, dass Artesunate und Artemisinin, die Leitsubstanz aus der chinesischen Heilpflanze Artemisia annua L., auch gegen Krebs eingesetzt werden könnten.

Im Allgemeinen wurden Artemisinin und Artesunate nach den bisher vorliegenden klinischen Befunden gut vertragen, wobei vereinzelt immer wieder auch signifikante Nebenwirkungen wie Hämatotoxizität, Hepatotoxizität oder Neurotoxizität auftraten. Auf das Vorkommen schwerer Nebenwirkungen muss auch weiterhin besonderes Augenmerk gelegt werden, insbesondere wenn Artesunate zusammen mit anderen Medikamenten verabreicht wird.

Die veterinärmedizinischen Studien zeigen, dass spontane Tiertumoren nicht nur ein interessantes Modell für in der Translation präklinischer Daten in die Klinik sind, sondern dass Artesunate- und Artemisia-annua-Präparate eine neue Behandlungsoption für Haustiere mit Tumorerkrankungen darstellen könnten.

Die Wirksamkeit von Artesunate gegen verschiedene solide humane Tumoren ist bisher als eher mäßig einzustufen, wobei das Zervixkarzinom möglicherweise besser anzusprechen scheint. Insgesamt liegen noch zu wenige Daten vor, um die klinischen Ansprechraten bei verschiedenen Tumortypen zuverlässig beantworten zu können. Weitere größere klinische Phase-II- und -III-Studien sind nötig.
Ergänzende Maßnahmen in der Strahlentherapie: Nebenwirkungen und Spätfolgen vorbeugen und behandeln
Authors: Steinmann Diana , Savaş Burcu Babadağ , Märtens Bettina , Meyer Heike
Published: December 2023

Die Strahlentherapie ist eine wichtige Behandlungssäule in der Krebstherapie, jedoch auch mit Nebenwirkungen und Spätfolgen verbunden. Ergänzende Maßnahmen können diese effektiv vorbeugen und lindern. Dabei werden verschiedene pflanzliche Präparate, Vitamine, Spurenelemente oder weitere Nahrungsergänzungsmittel zur Behandlung der radiogenen Dermatitis (Aloe vera, Calendula), Mukositis (Honig, Sanddornfruchtfleischöl), Proktitis (Vitamin D, Probiotika, Selen) oder des Hirnödems (Boswelliaserrata) eingesetzt. Maßnahmen wie Sport und regelmäßige Entspannungsübungen können die allgemeine Leistungsfähigkeit und Befindlichkeit verbessern. Des Weiteren sind mögliche Wechselwirkungen zwischen komplementären Verfahren und der Strahlentherapie zu berücksichtigen.
Bewegungstherapeutische Prähabilitation in der Onkologie
Authors: Wiskemann Joachim , Köppel Maximilian
Published: December 2023

Zusammengesetzt aus dem Präfix „Prä“ und dem Wort „Rehabilitation“ beschreibt der Begriff Prähabilitation Maßnahmen, die vor einem chirurgischen Eingriff oder einer anderen intensiven Therapie stattfinden. Ziel dieser Maßnahmen ist es, die Patient*innen fit für die Operation zu machen, damit sie sich im Anschluss schneller, besser und komplikationsloser erholen. Durch Bewegungstherapie lassen sich die Herz-Kreislauf-Fitness und Kraft verbessern und die Muskelmasse vermehren. Eine im Rahmen von prähabilitorischer Bewegungstherapie verbesserte körperliche Fitness senkt die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Komplikationen und verkürzt möglicherweise auch die Dauer der Rehabilitation.
Financing preferences and practices for developing sustainable exhibitions in Chinese companies
Authors: Qian Fangbin , Pu Yuanjie , Shang Yunfeng
Published: December 2023

This study endeavors to investigate the influence of environmentally conscious financial inclinations on the sustainable investment practices of 137 Chinese companies operating within the exhibition industry from 2015 to 2021. Employing the CS-ARDL (cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag) method, the findings indicate that a 1% upswing in the green financing preference index leads to short-term and long-term increases of 0.55% and 0.63%, respectively, in the green investments of Chinese exhibition industry companies. The workforce size has a positive impact on green investments, while a 1% increase in profitability correlates with enhanced green investments among Chinese companies. Furthermore, total income emerges as a factor that encourages green investments within China’s exhibition industry. Notably, the preference for financing through green bonds exerts a more substantial influence on green investments than other preferences of exhibition industry companies. The paper also proposes crucial practical policies, including the adoption of modern digital technologies like big data, the creation of green job opportunities, and the promotion of green initiatives among small and medium-sized enterprises in the exhibition industry through the implementation of environmentally efficient fiscal policies.
Limiting dynamics for fractional stochastic reaction-diffusion equations driven by a Wong–Zakai approximation process on Rn
Authors: Li Fuzhi , Liu Hui , Xu Dongmei
Published: December 2023

The limiting dynamics in Lp(Rn) and Hs(Rn) for any p > 2, s ∈ (0, 1) are discussed for a class of fractional stochastic reaction-diffusion equations driven by a Wong–Zakai approximation process on Rn. Firstly, we prove some priori estimates and the continuity of the difference of the solution operator from L2(Rn) to Lp(Rn) and Hs(Rn) near the initial time, respectively. Finally, we show the upper semi-continuity of attractors of the approximate random system in Lp(Rn) and Hs(Rn) as the size of approximation approaches zero.
Ehrenfest modeling of cavity vacuum fluctuations and how to achieve emission from a three-level atom
Authors: Hsieh Ming-Hsiu , Krotz Alex , Tempelaar Roel
Published: December 2023

A much-needed solution for the efficient modeling of strong coupling between matter and optical cavity modes is offered by mean-field mixed quantum–classical dynamics, where a classical cavity field interacts self-consistently with quantum states of matter through Ehrenfest’s theorem. We previously introduced a modified mean-field approach, referred to as decoupled mean-field (DC-MF) dynamics, wherein vacuum fluctuations of the cavity field are decoupled from the quantum-mechanical ground state as a means to resolve an unphysical drawing of energy from the vacuum fluctuations by a two-level atom. Here, we generalize DC-MF dynamics for an arbitrary number of (nondegenerate) atomic levels and show that it resolves an unphysical lack of emission from a three-level atom predicted by conventional mean-field dynamics. We furthermore show DC-MF to provide an improved description of reabsorption and (resonant) two-photon emission processes.
Noise-induced chaos: A conditioned random dynamics perspective
Authors: Bassols-Cornudella Bernat , Lamb Jeroen S. W.
Published: December 2023

We consider transitions to chaos in random dynamical systems induced by an increase in noise amplitude. We show how the emergence of chaos (indicated by a positive Lyapunov exponent) in a logistic map with bounded additive noise can be analyzed in the framework of conditioned random dynamics through expected escape times and conditioned Lyapunov exponents for a compartmental model representing the competition between contracting and expanding behavior. In contrast to the existing literature, our approach does not rely on small noise assumptions, nor does it refer to deterministic paradigms. We find that the noise-induced transition to chaos is caused by a rapid decay of the expected escape time from the contracting compartment, while all other order parameters remain approximately constant.
Size-dependent diffusion of 3D nanovoids in a bcc solid
Authors: Curiotto Stefano , Müller Pierre , Cheynis Fabien , Corso Loic , Bernard Elodie , Leroy Frédéric
Published: December 2023

We studied the diffusion of 3D nanovoids in a bcc solid by kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. The diffusion coefficient as a function of the void size increases, reaches a maximum, and then decreases. The first increase is particularly interesting, as the diffusion of clusters is generally considered a decreasing function of the cluster size. We attribute this behavior to a curvature-dependent energy barrier for mass transport. We propose an analytical modeling of the void diffusion coefficient that reproduces the simulation data over the whole size range. In addition, for low temperatures and small sizes, the void diffusion coefficient vs size displays valleys, i.e., regions where the diffusion coefficient is smaller than the general trend. This behavior cannot be explained with analytical developments and is due to the formation of compact shapes for certain magic void sizes. In these shapes, the atoms at the void surface are strongly bound, displace less, and thus also void diffusion is slower.
Three-layer quantum image encryption algorithm based on 6D hyperchaos
Authors: Dong Yumin , Xu Chen , Yin Chenhao
Published: December 2023

In order to further improve the security and efficiency of quantum image encryption, a three-layer encryption scheme for quantum color images based on 6D hyperchaos is proposed for the improved quantum representation model. The sequences generated by the 6D hyperchaotic system are applied to each layer of image encryption as keys. First, the quantum Fibonacci matrix is used to scramble the pixel value positions of the image to achieve the spatial scrambling of the quantum image; then, the position exchange of red, green, and blue channels and the bit-level cycle shift of pixel value are carried out alternately to realize the bit-level scrambling of quantum images; Finally, the XOR operation is performed on the quantum image whose position has been scrambled to realize the bit-level diffusion of the quantum image and obtain the final encrypted image. Simulation results show that the encryption algorithm is highly sensitive to the initial key, and the pixel values of the encrypted image are evenly distributed. In addition, quantum circuits are designed to implement the image encryption steps of each layer.
Thermal–electrical coupling analysis based on solid–liquid phase transition theory of single-turn coil
Authors: Ge Aoming , Wang Shuang , Pan Ziying , Peng Tao
Published: December 2023

Single-turn coil (STC) is a destructive pulse magnet aiming at a 100–300 T ultra-high magnetic field. A thermal–electrical coupling model, in which the solid–liquid phase transition process is considered, is proposed. The effects of solid–liquid phase transition on pressure, temperature, and electrical conductivity are investigated. The results show that the compressed and stretched regions coexist simultaneously, and the distribution of both regions changes with time during discharging. Moreover, the region with the highest current density is inside the conductor, since the phase transition reduces the electrical conductivity of the region near the inner surface of STCs. By comparison, the simulation results are highly consistent with the measured data, and the necessity of considering the phase transition process is validated. The results obtained in this work are helpful for understanding the thermodynamic process of STCs during discharge.
Metasurface-enhanced Newton's rings interferometer-enabled local curvature detection
Authors: Li Qiuying , Yang Qiang , Liu Jiawei , Liu Shuoqing , Shou Yichang , Yang Hua , Luo Hailu
Published: December 2023

Curvature detection can reveal significant characteristics of target areas, playing a pivotal role in micro–nano fabrication. The Newton's rings experiment is one of the classical methods for detecting curvature; however, it has several limitations. First, stress-induced deformation damages the convex lens. Second, its applicability is restricted to spherical surfaces. Here, a flexible and low-damage metasurface-enhanced Newton's rings interferometer is proposed to enable the local curvature detection within a micrometer range. Since the metasurface performs differential operation on the pattern of Newton's rings, the three-dimensional local surface of convex lens is directly obtained by bias imaging. As a result, we can calculate the curvature of the target curve on the surface with an error of 2.1 %. Furthermore, such approach was also experimentally demonstrated to realize local curvature detection of aspherical objects such as transparent liquids. It is believed that the proposed scheme can open up more possibilities for applications involving metasurfaces.
Micromixing within microfluidic devices: Fundamentals, design, and fabrication
Authors: Cai Shuxiang , Jin Yawen , Lin Yun , He Yingzheng , Zhang Peifan , Ge Zhixing , Yang Wenguang
Published: December 2023

As one of the hot spots in the field of microfluidic chip research, micromixers have been widely used in chemistry, biology, and medicine due to their small size, fast response time, and low reagent consumption. However, at low Reynolds numbers, the fluid motion relies mainly on the diffusive motion of molecules under laminar flow conditions. The detrimental effect of laminar flow leads to difficulties in achieving rapid and efficient mixing of fluids in microchannels. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance fluid mixing by employing some external means. In this paper, the classification and mixing principles of passive (T-type, Y-type, obstructed, serpentine, three-dimensional) and active (acoustic, electric, pressure, thermal, magnetic field) micromixers are reviewed based on the presence or absence of external forces in the micromixers, and some experiments and applications of each type of micromixer are briefly discussed. Finally, the future development trends of micromixers are summarized.
A method for fault location using the phase difference of current in the protective layer at both ends of a cable section
Authors: Mi Shiqiang , Fang Zhao , Yang Xuefeng , Liu Haiqiong , Li Du , Zhu Wei , Tang Dingchao
Published: December 2023

This paper is based on the distribution characteristics of the protective layer current under the fault state of high-voltage cables, and discovers the monotonic variation law between the fault point position and the power frequency phase difference of the protective layer current at both ends of the cable fault section. A method for fault location using the phase difference of the protective layer current at both ends of the cable section is proposed. For a long cable line composed of multiple complete cross-connected sections, the cross-connected section can be located through the current power frequency phase difference P (section) at both ends of the metal sheath section, just like the section positioning within the complete cross-connected section. If P (section) ∈ (90°, 270°), then the section is a fault section; otherwise, it is a non-fault section. Finally, the relationship curve between the power frequency phase difference of the protective layer current at both ends of the fault section and the distance from the fault point is used to determine the fault location.
Soft radio frequency microstrip bandpass filter: Precise design and demonstration
Authors: He Wei , Zhao Jun , Chen Xiaochen , Yang Hong , Sang Lei , Li Zhuo , Wang Siqi , Huang Wen
Published: December 2023

A soft and tunable microwave bandpass Chebyshev microstrip end-coupled filter is demonstrated on a polydimethylsiloxane substrate based on high electrically conductive composites made of silver nanoparticle-covered flakes, even with large strain. To achieve a precise design, key microwave parameters such as the impedance, S-parameters, and transmission matrix are defined as a function of strain. This strain vector polar coordinate is used to represent the relationship between the type and the performance of a filter. Then, the most important Chebyshev or quasi-Chebyshev type of filter can be accurately realized by looking up its polar coordinates to find the corresponding strain magnitude and direction of stretching. An end-coupled Chebyshev microstrip bandpass filter with a center frequency of 12.8 GHz and bandwidth of 22% was designed and fabricated for demonstration. Experimentally, at a lateral elongation of 8% and 10.7%, the center frequency decreases by 0.61 and 0.88 dB, respectively, matching the simulation results very well. One potential application for this tunable filter is a front-end module mounted on the biomimetic robot driven by its mechanic movements.
Associations between Australian climate drivers and extreme weekly fire danger
Authors: Taylor Rachel , Marshall Andrew G. , Crimp Steven , Cary Geoffrey J. , Harris Sarah , Sauvage Samuel
Published: December 2023

Aims We investigate the associations between major Australian climate drivers and extreme weekly fire danger throughout the year. Methods We use a composite-based approach, relating the probability of top-decile observed potential fire intensity to the positive and negative modes of the El Niño Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean Dipole, Madden–Julian Oscillation, Southern Annular Mode, split-flow blocking and Subtropical Ridge Tasman Highs, both concurrently and at a variety of lag times. Key results The chance of extreme fire danger increases over broad regions of the continent in response to El Niño and positive Indian Ocean Dipole events, the negative mode of the Southern Annular Mode, split-flow Blocking Index and Subtropical Ridge Tasman High, and Madden–Julian Oscillation phases 5, 6, 2 and 8 in Austral summer, autumn, winter and spring respectively. These relationships exist not only concurrently, but also when a climate event occurs up to 6 months ahead of the season of interest. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of considering the influence of diverse climate drivers, at a range of temporal lag periods, in understanding and predicting extreme fire danger. Implications The results of this study may aid in the development of effective fire management strategies and decision-making processes to mitigate the impacts of fire events in Australia.
Light-induced shift current vortex crystals in moiré heterobilayers
Authors: Hu Chen , Naik Mit H. , Chan Yang-Hao , Ruan Jiawei , Louie Steven G.
Published: December 2023

Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) moiré superlattices provide an emerging platform to explore various light-induced phenomena. Recently, the discoveries of novel moiré excitons have attracted great interest. The nonlinear optical responses of these systems are however still underexplored. Here, we report investigation of light-induced shift currents (a second-order response generating DC current from optical illumination) in the WSe
2
/WS
2
moiré superlattice. We identify a striking phenomenon of the formation of shift current vortex crystals—i.e., two-dimensional periodic arrays of moiré-scale current vortices and associated magnetic fields with remarkable intensity under laboratory laser setup. Furthermore, we demonstrate high optical tunability of these current vortices—their location, shape, chirality, and magnitude can be tuned by the frequency, polarization, and intensity of the incident light. Electron-hole interactions (excitonic effects) are found to play a crucial role in the generation and nature of the shift current intensity and distribution. Our findings provide a promising all-optical control route to manipulate nanoscale shift current density distributions and magnetic field patterns, as well as shed light on nonlinear optical responses in moiré quantum matter and their possible applications.
Translation as de- and reconstructing synsemiotic relationships
Authors: Agnetta Marco
Published: December 2023

In order to describe the nature of opera as a polysemiotic artifact and to address the challenges around its
transfer, reference is often made to the concept of “context,” which, however, is usually used rather casually and intuitively and
is rarely defined precisely. Building on the theory of synsemioticity, a somewhat tighter analytical grid will be presented that
allows the extension of context to become clearer. This is achieved in two ways: first, the status of nonverbal in the
polysemiotic artifact is addressed, which, referring to Catford, must be defined as co-text rather than as context. Second, it
will be shown on which semiotic levels contextuality can be described. The examples given here are taken from the opera
Orfeo ed Euridice (1762) by Christoph Willibald Gluck and from some of the translations in German and French
based on this work.
A Systematic Review of Participant and Facilitator Experiences of Restorative Justice Interventions in the Forensic Secure Estate
Authors: Rowsell Kathryn , Pegg Kirsty , Wallis Peter , Barker Richard
Published: December 2023

Restorative justice encourages communication and restoration between individuals or groups where harm has been caused. This article reviews participant and facilitator experiences of restorative justice interventions in the forensic secure estate. During a systematic review we searched six databases acquiring 628 articles. We identified nine studies as suitable for inclusion with a total of 426 participants of restorative interventions. We identified three themes: Underlying Processes, Clinical Applications, and Internal Mechanisms of Change. We conclude that restorative justice can provide benefits to those who are involved in the process but are most effective when certain wider systemic conditions are met.
Influence of tachyonic instability on the Schwinger effect in Higgs inflation model
Authors: Kamarpour Mehran
Published: December 2023

We investigate the influence of the tachyonic instability on the Schwinger effect in Higgs inflation model. In this work we identify the standard horizon scale

k

H

=
a
H

and the tachyonic instability

k

H

=
a
H

|

ζ

|

,
ζ
=

I

′

ϕ

ϕ
˙

H

. This is the horizon scale in which the given Fourier begins to become tachyonically unstable. Influence of this scale appears by vanishing electromagnetic field energy density and energy density of created charged particles due to the Schwinger effect at the very beginning of inflation but does not alter conclusions of our previous work in Kamarpour (2022 Gen. Relativ. Gravit.
54 32; 2023 Int. J. Mod. Phys.D 32 2350025). We use two coupling functions to break conformal invariance of Maxwell action. The simplest coupling function

I

ϕ

=

χ

1

ϕ

M

p

and a curvature based coupling function

I

ϕ

=
12

χ

1

e

2
3

ϕ

M

p

1

3

M

p

2

4
V

ϕ

+

2

3

M

p

d

V

d

ϕ

where

V

ϕ

is the potential of Higgs inflation in Kamarpour (2022 Gen. Relativ. Gravit.
54 32; 2023 Int. J. Mod. Phys.D 32 2350025). In fact, we find that only at the very beginning of inflation both energy densities of electromagnetic field and created charged particles vanish due to effect of tachyoinc instability.
Stochastic linear regularization methods: random discrepancy principle and applications
Authors: Zhang Ye , Chen Chuchu
Published: December 2023

The a posteriori stopping rule plays a significant role in the design of efficient stochastic algorithms for various tasks in computational mathematics, such as inverse problems, optimization, and machine learning. Through the lens of classical regularization theory, this paper describes a novel analysis of Morozov’s discrepancy principle for the stochastic generalized Landweber iteration and its continuous analog of generalized stochastic asymptotical regularization. Unlike existing results relating to convergence in probability, we prove the strong convergence of the regularization error using tools from stochastic analysis, namely the theory of martingales. Numerical experiments are conducted to verify the convergence of the discrepancy principle and demonstrate two new capabilities of stochastic generalized Landweber iteration, which should also be valid for other stochastic/statistical approaches: improved accuracy by selecting the optimal path and the identification of multi-solutions by clustering samples of obtained approximate solutions.