bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Questionnaire to Assess the Mothers Knowledge and Attitude towards Hearing Loss in Children
Authors: Harithasan Deepashini , Mazlan Rafidah , Yun Ai Wong
Published: June 2022

Objective: The support from mothers towards children with hearing loss is important for an early identification, diagnosis and intervention. Attempts at exploring the existing knowledge and attitude among mothers are crucial, which may lead to a greater benefit for the children and overall satisfaction for the child and the family. Thus, the present study was attempted to explore the knowledge and attitude of mothers towards children with hearing loss through the use of a valid and reliable questionnaire developed for this purpose in Malay-language. Methods: Questionnaire was developed based on past literature on knowledge, attitude and focus group discussions (FGD) which involved a representative from primary health care providers, ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgeon and audiologists. Translations follow a forward-backward procedure, independently carried out by two native-speakers of the target language. Translated questionnaires have undergone a pilot testing which involved 30 Malaysian mothers who visited the health clinics. The internal consistency of the two main domains (knowledge and attitude) was computed by the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient to assess the reliability of the newly developed questionnaire. Results: The range of Cronbach’s Alpha showed a considerable consistency for both the knowledge and attitude with Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.77 and 0.78, respectively. Conclusion: The questionnaire regarding the knowledge and attitude of mothers towards children with hearing loss is a reliable and valid instrument. This research introduced the Malay-language version of the knowledge and attitude questionnaire as the first formal validated questionnaire and confirmed a high reliability and validity for the evaluation of mother’s knowledge and attitude towards children with hearing loss.
Evaluation of Topic Identification Methods for Arabic Texts and their Combination by using a Corpus Extracted from the Omani Newspaper Alwatan
Authors: Abbas Mourad , Smaili Kamel , Berkani Daoud
Published: June 2022

Topic identification is used in several applications, as adapting language models for speech recognition and machine translation, focusing on a specific use for search engines, etc. Topic identification consists to assign one or several topic labels to a flow of textual data. Labels are chosen from a set of topics fixed a priori. In this paper, we present a study about identifying topics of Arabic texts. For this, a considerable amount of data is needed. Thus, we started by collecting texts from the website of the Omani newspaper “Alwatan”. The result is an Arabic corpus composed of more than 9000 articles corresponding to nearly 10 millions words. The considered topics in our experiments are: Culture, Religion, Economy, Local news, International news and sports. Some of the methods presented in this study, are well known in the text categorization community, as TFIDF classifier and kNN “k Nearest Neighbors”. The objective to use these methods is to compare them to TR-classifier “TRiggers-based classifier”, a new method that we have proposed, which is based on computing triggers or the Average Mutual Information of each couple of words. In order to enhance performances, we have combined results of the three methods by using three approaches: Majority Vote, Enhanced Majority Vote and Linear Combination.
Makine Öğrenmesi Yöntemi ile Karaciğerde Oluşan Hastalıkların Tahmini
Authors: TEKE Mustafa
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada karaciğer test sonuçlarının makine öğrenmesi algoritmalarından lojistik regresyon sınıflandırılmasına dayalı hastalık tahmin modeli çalışması yapılmıştır. Karaciğer insan vücudunda adeta bir fabrika gibi çalışmaktadır. Bu organın hastalanması bütün vücuda zarar veren birçok etki meydana getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada belirli ölçütlere ve parametrelere göre bu hayati organ için hastalık tahmin modeli gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada karaciğere ait protein, albümin ve bilurubin gibi değerler hastalık tahmin modelinde incelenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan veri modeli açık kaynaklı kaggle web sitesinden alınmıştır. Tahmin modeli python dili ile jupyter notebook ortamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kategorik veri tahmini içinse lojistik regresyon modeli tercih edilmiştir. Oluşturulan model %84 doğruluk içermiştir. Değerlendirme ölçütü olarak karmaşıklık matrisi kullanılmış ve çalışmada sunulmuştur.
Simultaneous Improvement of Accuracy and Efficiency of the Caliper Calibration Caused by Automation
Authors:   MEtrology Service Base, Saecker Dietmar , Klinke Roland ,   Metrology Service Base
Published: June 2022

Experts guess that calipers, micrometers and dial-gauges are the most widely used measuring instruments in mechanical production [9]. So far this calibration [1] was 100% manual work, which is expensive and always a possible source of mistakes and uncertainty [2]. The fully automated method is more time-efficient and it was already successfully certified with better accuracy than a manual calibration in Germany. This robot calibration of calipers is creating a number of advantages for calibration laboratories and manufacturers of measuring instruments, but it can also help to increase the quality of the measurement results
An Evaluation of Process Metrology in a High Volume Factory
Authors:   Fluke Park Laboratories, Fluke Calibration, Mason Nicholas , Ikstrums Ivars ,   Fluke Park Laboratories, Fluke Calibration
Published: June 2022

Fluke Electronics is arguably best known as a manufacturer of hand-held digital multi-meters. These devices are manufactured on high volume factory production lines. Fluke’s high volume factories contain dozens of stations calibrating thousands of new instruments per year. Station downtime causes shipping delays and removing station references for routine calibration cause the station to be down. In the Everett Primary Electrical Laboratory (EPEL) we employ process metrology to monitor uncertainty and stability in the parts-per-million range. The EPEL directly supports the Fluke Calibration factory. The Fluke Calibration factory is a low volume area building handfuls of high-accuracy calibrators. The laboratory supports the factory by calibrating the test stations in-situ on the factory floor also using process metrology. Can process metrology be used in the high volume area to calibrate those stations in-situ? Is there any payback? Does it make sense? This paper describes a test-case conducted to determine the impact of process metrology in the high volume manufacturing areas. Differences between the high-volume and low-volume factories are discussed along with solutions implemented in the high-volume factory. The metrological impacts are investigated as well as quality and cost savings are provided.
Experimental Study of the Triple Point of Argon System
Authors:   Fluke Calibration, Ding Rong
Published: June 2022

A new triple point of argon system with multiple re-entrant wells was developed for calibration of long-stem standard platinum resistance thermometers (SPRTs). In order to further evaluate this triple point of argon system, a series of tests was carried out recently. The influence of the pre-melting duration on the triple point plateau temperature was studied. The vertical temperature gradient of the re-entrant wells and the temperature uniformity of the four re-entrant wells were tested. The immersion profile of the re-entrant wells was studied and compared to the ITS-90 hydrostatic values. The influence of the environment temperature on the performance of the argon plateau was also investigated. The experimental results show that the temperature of the four re-entrant wells is uniform. The tested immersion profile of the re-entrant wells reasonably agrees with the ITS-90 values. The environment temperature does not affect the plateau temperature in the tested environment temperature range of 13.0°C – 30.0°C. The pre-melting duration slightly affects the plateau temperature in the beginning of the plateau, but after 10 hours the influence of the pre-melting duration on the plateau temperature is insignificant.
The Sun's role in decadal climate predictability in the North Atlantic
Authors: Drews Annika , Huo Wenjuan , Matthes Katja , Kodera Kunihiko , Kruschke Tim
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Despite several studies on decadal-scale solar influence on
climate, a systematic analysis of the Sun's contribution to decadal surface
climate predictability is still missing. Here, we disentangle the
solar-cycle-induced climate response from internal variability and from
other external forcings such as greenhouse gases. We utilize two 10-member
ensemble simulations with a state-of-the-art chemistry–climate model, to
date a unique dataset in chemistry–climate modeling. Using these model
simulations, we quantify the potential predictability related to the solar
cycle and demonstrate that the detectability of the solar influence on
surface climate depends on the magnitude of the solar cycle. Further, we
show that a strong solar cycle forcing organizes and synchronizes the
decadal-scale component of the North Atlantic Oscillation, the dominant mode
of climate variability in the North Atlantic region.
The Luangwa Rift Active Fault Database and fault reactivation along the southwestern branch of the East African Rift
Authors: Wedmore Luke N. J. , Turner Tess , Biggs Juliet , Williams Jack N. , Sichingabula Henry M. , Kabumbu Christine , Banda Kawawa
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Seismic hazard assessment in slow straining regions is challenging because earthquake catalogues only record events from approximately the last 100 years, whereas earthquake recurrence times on individual faults can exceed 1,000 years. Systematic mapping of active faults allows fault sources to be used within probabilistic seismic hazard assessment, which overcomes the problems of short-term earthquake records. We use Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data to analyse surface deformation in the Luangwa Rift in Zambia and develop the Luangwa Rift Active Fault Database (LRAFD). The LRAFD is an open-source geospatial database containing active fault traces and their attributes and is freely available at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6513691. We identified 18 faults that display evidence for Quaternary activity and empirical relationships suggest that these faults could cause earthquakes up to Mw 8.1, which would exceed the magnitude of historically recorded events in southern Africa. On the four most prominent faults, the median height of Late Quaternary fault scarps varies between 12.9 ± 0.4 and 19.2 ± 0.9 m, which suggests they were formed by multiple earthquakes. Deformation is focused on the edges of the Luangwa Rift: the most prominent Late Quaternary fault scarps occur along the 207 km long Chipola and 142 km long Molaza faults, which are the rift border faults and the longest faults in the region. We associate the scarp on the Molaza Fault with possible surface ruptures from two 20th Century earthquakes. Thus, the LRAFD reveals new insights into active faulting in southern Africa and presents a framework for evaluating future seismic hazard.
Initial shape reconstruction of a volcanic island as a tool for quantifying long-term coastal erosion: the case of Corvo Island (Azores)
Authors: Bossis Rémi , Regard Vincent , Carretier Sébastien
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Long-term coastal erosion is not yet well studied given that it is difficult to quantify. The quantification of long-term coastal erosion requires a proper reconstruction of the coast’s initial geometry. It is also important to determine the timing of the start-up. Volcanic islands are good candidates fulfilling these two conditions: their initial shape is roughly conical and the age of the lavas that generated this geometry is easily measured. We have developed a method to reconstruct the initial shape of simple volcanic edifices from aerial and submarine topographic data. The reconstructed initial shape and associated uncertainties allow us to spatially quantify the coastal erosion since the building of the island. This method is applied to Corvo Island in the Azores archipelago. We calculated the initial radius and peak elevation of the island to be approximately 3.8 km and 1 km, respectively. We calculated that, due to coastal erosion, the island has lost a volume of 6.5 ± 2.7 km3 corresponding to a reduction of roughly 80 % of its surface area since it was first built. Taking the large uncertainty in the age of the topmost lava flows (90 to 770 ka) into account, our reconstruction yields a conservative range of long-term coastal erosion rates between 7 and 370 mm/yr. These values are consistent with the orders of magnitude of short-term coastal erosion rates measured on similar lithologies. Lastly, we show a strong correlation between long-term coastal erosion and the spatial distribution of the waves. Specifically, we highlight a stronger erosion control by moderate and usual waves than by storm waves. The next step will be to apply this method to other volcanic islands in order to: (i) strengthen and consolidate the method, and (ii) verify the correlations observed in the present study.
Agricultural intensification vs. climate change: what drives long-term changes in sediment load?
Authors: Wang Shengping , Szeles Borbala , Krammer Carmen , Schmaltz Elmar , Song Kepeng , Li Yifan , Zhang Zhiqiang , Blöschl Günter , Strauss Peter
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Climate change and agricultural intensification are
expected to increase soil erosion and sediment production from arable land
in many regions. However, to date, most studies have been based on short-term
monitoring and/or modeling, making it difficult to assess their reliability
in terms of estimating long-term changes. We present the results of a
unique data set consisting of measurements of sediment loads from a 60 ha
catchment – the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory (HOAL) – in Petzenkirchen,
Austria, which was observed periodically over a time period spanning 72
years. Specifically, we compare Period I (1946–1954) and Period II
(2002–2017) by fitting sediment rating curves (SRCs) for the growth and dormant
seasons for each of the periods. The results suggest a significant increase
in sediment loads from Period I to Period II, with an average of 5.8 ± 3.8 to 60.0 ± 140.0 t yr−1. The sediment
flux changed mainly due to a shift in the SRCs,
given that the mean daily discharge significantly decreased from 5.0 ± 14.5 L s−1 for Period I to 3.8 ± 6.6 L s−1 for
Period II. The slopes of the SRCs for the growing season and the dormant
season of Period I were 0.3 and 0.8, respectively, whereas they were 1.6 and
1.7 for Period II, respectively. Climate change, considered in terms of
rainfall erosivity, was not responsible for this shift, because erosivity
decreased by 30.4 % from the dormant season of Period I to that of Period II, and no significant difference was found between the growing seasons of
periods I and II. However, the change in sediment flux can be explained by
land use and land cover change (LUCC) and the change in land
structure (i.e., the organization of land parcels). Under low- and median-streamflow
conditions, the land structure in Period II (i.e., the parcel effect) had no
apparent influence on sediment yield. With increasing streamflow, it became
more important in controlling sediment yield, as a result of an enhanced
sediment connectivity in the landscape, leading to a dominant role under high-flow conditions. The increase in crops that make the landscape prone to
erosion and the change in land uses between periods I and II led to an
increase in sediment flux, although its relevance was surpassed by the
effect of parcel structure change under high-flow conditions. We conclude that LUCC and land structure change should be accounted
for when assessing sediment flux changes. Especially under high-flow
conditions, land structure change substantially altered sediment fluxes,
which is most relevant for long-term sediment loads and land degradation.
Therefore, increased attention to improving land structure is needed in
climate adaptation and agricultural catchment management.
ISEC, Calcutta: The pioneer centre for statistical training of government sponsored statisticians from developing countries of the third world, mainly from Asia and the Far East
Authors:   International Statistical Education Centre, Raha A
Published: June 2022

In 1916 W.T. King in his book (King, 1916) attributes the appellation "Father of Statistics" to Gottfrid Achenwall fo Germany who first applied the perm "statistics" in 1746 to a series of lectures primarily about data concerning the the land, its procures, the Government, state resources and the like. But it was Karl Pearson and R.A. Fisher who laid down the theoretical foundations of modern statistics which enabled statistical development, the name that comes up first in the context of statistical education, in Asia is that of P.C. Mahalanodis with the first scientific Meeting of the newly formed IASE provides a suitable forum to assess his contribution towards dissemination of statistical knowledge in Asia. Mahalanobis realized the importance of statistics in the twenties during the nascent stage of its development in the West and recognized statistics as the "key technology" in planning for the economic development in India, in fact in Asia at large, but founding the Indian Statistical Institute in 1931, the National Sample Survey (NSS) and the International Statistical Education centre (ISEC) in 1950. He truly guided India to assume the leadership in the spreading and development od statistical education amount Asian countries. last but not least, the influence of Fisher and Mahalanobis and the interdependence of these two statistical gains of this century have the greatest impact on the statistical system in India and, Ipso facto, on the statistical education of Asia as a whole.
Interceptação telefônica como meio de prova e ainviolabilidade das comunicações
Authors: Macedo Daniel Lemos Coelho de , Nascimento Felipe Tavares
Published: June 2022

A Carta Magna assegura o direito ao sigilo das comunicações, abrangendo também as telefônicas, consagrados no art. 5º como cláusula pétrea. No entanto, esse direito fundamental não é constituído como absoluto, podendo haver violação de acordo com a necessidade do bem coletivo. A Lei nº 9.296/96 regulamenta o art. 5º da Carta Magna, estabelecendo critérios para interceptação telefônica, e um deste, é a obrigatoriedade de autorização judicial. A interceptação realizada sem a devida autorização do juiz competente, torna-se prova ilícita, porém, pode tornar-se lícita conforme o princípio da proporcionalidade. A interceptação telefônica é um instrumento para obtenção de prova que deve respeitar as exigências normativas da Lei nº 9.296/96. Todo cidadão tem direito a produção de provas garantido pela ampla defesa e o contraditório, sendo assim, o processo penal traz exigências sobre a obtenção de provas. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as possibilidades legais para interceptação telefônica sem ferir o direito de privacidade da pessoa. Para isso, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica onde foram abordados autores que subsidiam a temáticas, leis e jurisprudências. A pesquisa, nesse aspecto, discorre sobre a interceptação telefônica fazendo análise da legislação, doutrina e jurisprudência.
Os riscos da automedicação de hidroxicloroquina e ivermectina como tratamento da Covid-19 no período pandêmico: revisão de literatura
Authors: Torres Gyovanna Borges Lustosa , Neves Kleberson Araújo das , Cunha Claudiane Nunes da , Silva Janderson Rodrigues da , Lima Jôse Micaely da Silva , Alves Diego Ramon
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar os riscos do uso exacerbado de hidroxicloroquina e ivermectina para a saúde da população durante o período pandêmico da Covid-19, em que vários tratamentos testes foram adotados como tentativa de minimizar os danos da doença O estudo apresenta-se como uma revisão de literatura, baseando-se em artigos científicos disponíveis nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis (MEDLINE), Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), U. S. Nacional Library of Medicine (NLM)/Pubmed, bem como o livro “As Bases Farmacológicas da Terapêutica de Goodman e Gilman”, por meio dos seguintes descritores: “hidroxicloroquina”, “ivermectina” e “Covid-19”, combinados pelo operador booleano “AND”. A partir dos resultados encontrados, constatou-se que tais medicamentos usados de forma indiscriminada e recorrente podem causar intoxicação e danos futuros à saúde da população. A partir disso, o estudo conclui que tais medicamentos usados como tratamento teste durante o período pandêmico para Covid-19, não trouxeram resultados positivos suficientes a partir dos testes clínicos, consequentemente eles podem ter causado intoxicação pelo grande consumo, ocasionando danos irreversíveis para saúde da população.
Desenvolvimento e Sustentabilidade na Perspectiva da Gestão Pública – Revisão Sistemática em Bases de Dados da América Latina
Authors: Mendes Vieiria Marcela Carvalho , Da Silva Nascimiento Laércio Ramón , Bizarria Fabiana Pinto de Almeida
Published: June 2022

A pesquisa objetiva investigar como se encontra a discussão sobre sustentabilidade, desenvolvimento e inovação no campo da gestão pública à luz da racionalidade ambiental presente nas três principais bases de dados bibliográficos (SciELO, Spell e Redalyc) da América Latina. Realizou-se revisão sistemática de literatura em três bases de dados bibliográficos (SciELO, Spell e Redalyc) da América Latina. Por conclusão, aponta-se que, assim como a sustentabilidade, o desenvolvimento e inovação no campo da gestão pública à luz da racionalidade ambiental se complementam na contribuição do pensar estratégias para um desenvolvimento local, com contribuições da racionalidade ambiental.
Hechos frente a palabras: la influencia de los temas en el proceso de formación de la agenda pública
Authors: Bazaga Fernández Isabel , Tamayo Sáez Manuel , Carrillo Ernesto
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo intenta mostrar cómo las características de un tema pueden incidir sobre el ciclo de atención que le prestan los ciudadanos. Partiendo de diferentes teorías sobre la formación de la agenda pública y recurriendo a la triangulación múltiple, analiza la evolución de las prioridades otorgadas por los españoles a los temas de la vivienda, la banca y los desahucios. Los variables independientes examinadas son: el contexto cultural y la coyuntura económica y política; las condiciones reales de los problemas y las políticas públicas; los comportamientos de los actores; y los intereses y valores de los individuos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran como la influencia de estos factores fue distinta en cada tema: mientras que en unos lo determinante son las políticas y la evolución de las condiciones reales del problema, en otros lo es la retórica presidencial, la atención de los medios y la narrativa de los movimientos sociales. El contexto y los intereses y valores de los individuos influyen también, introduciendo sesgos específicos en cada tema, pero con una intensidad moderada. El que influyan más sobre la agenda pública los hechos (las políticas y la evolución del problema) o las palabras (la retórica presidencial, la narrativa de las coaliciones promotoras y la atención de los medios) depende del tema y, en particular, de si los ciudadanos lo conocen o no a través de su propia experiencia y la de los grupos con los que se relacionan
Rural Poverty and Its Dimensions: Evidences from North-West Region of Pakistan
Authors: Luqman Muhammad , Abbas Sheer , Yasin Mudassar , Yaseen Muhammad , Mehmood Muhammad Umer , Ahmad Shahbaz
Published: June 2022

This paper analyzed the cause of poverty in rural areas of North- Western region of Pakistan. Poverty in rural areas of Pakistan is still considered as big dilemma and absolute hurdle to the development, by considering this issue this study was carried out in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province opting mix method approach. One (01) district from each of the four (04) agro-ecological regions of the province was selected purposively. The targeted study districts were Peshawar, Mansehra, D.I. Khan and Swat. From each study district, 100 respondents (rural residents) were randomly selected and personally interviewed. Total sample size of the study was 400 respondents for the collection of quantitative data. Additionally, focus group discussion meetings were also conducted for collecting qualitative data. A pretested interview schedule was used for the collection of quantitative date while an interview guide was used for qualitative data. Descriptive analytical techniques were used for quantitative data and content analysis method was used for qualitative data. Findings conclude that only 13.12% of the total area is cultivated by majority the rural population of the province. Financial constraints, derivation of basic needs, homelessness and facing discrimination were regarded as the attributes of poverty by the respondents. Limited access to income generation opportunities was regarded as the root cause of poverty with mean value of 4.86/5.00 followed by limited access to education (4.76/5.00). Lack of access to basic livelihood necessities (mean value=4.88) and basic human right (mean value=4.82) were regarded as most popular materialistic and non-materialistic impacts respectively of poverty in rural areas of the province. This deprivation in the province causes poverty and leads to the involvement in illegal and unethical activities by the rural residents specifically. Ending their deprivation in actual and eroding the sense of deprivation is the only solution that can be achieved by the implementation of sustainable development goals (SDGs) without any discrimination.
A global monetary policy factor in sovereign bond yields
Authors: Malliaropulos Dimitris , Migiakis Petros
Published: June 2022

We document the existence of a global monetary policy factor in sovereign bond yields, related to the size of the aggregate balance sheet of nine major central banks of developed economies that have implemented programs of large-scale asset purchases. Balance sheet policies of these central banks reduced the net supply of safe assets in the global economy, triggering a decline in global yields as investors rebalanced their portfolios towards more risky assets. We find that central banks’ large-scale asset purchases have contributed to significant and permanent declines in long-term yields globally, ranging from around 330 bps for AAA-rated sovereigns to 800 bps for non-investment grade sovereigns. The stronger decline in yields of high-risk sovereigns can be partly attributed to the decline in the foreign exchange risk premium as their currencies appreciated. Global central bank asset purchases during the Covid-19 crisis have more than counterbalanced the effects of expanding fiscal deficits on global bond yields, driving them to even lower levels. Our findings have important policy implications: normalizing monetary policy by scaling down central bank balance sheets to pre-crisis levels may lead to sharp increases in sovereign bond yields globally, widening spreads and currency depreciations of vulnerable sovereigns with severe consequences for financial stability and the global economy.
Ժամանակակից հայերենի չեզոք սեռի բայերի ենթակաառությունը
Authors: Գրքիկյան Լալա
Published: June 2022

Հոդվածում քննվում են ժամանակակից հայերենի չեզոք սեռի բայերը ըստ արժույթի արտահայտություններից մեկի ենթակաառության: Կատարվում է խնդրո առարկա բայերի դասակարգում ըստ ենթակաների տարբեր դասային խմբերի հետ կապակցելիության: Կատարվում է նաև վիճակագրական հաշվարկ:
Բանաձևային կայուն դարձվածքների ազդեցությունը անձի ինքնապաշտպանական մեխանիզմների հզորացման գործընթացում
Authors: Սահակյան Կարինե
Published: June 2022

Հոդվածում անդրադարձ է կատարվել էքստրեմալ իրավիճակներում բանավոր բանաձևային դարձվածքներին, որոնք մեծ ժամանակի ծիրում բյուրեղացել են և յուրացվել ժողովրդի կողմից, միտված են դյուրին դարձնելու, զորացնելու անձի ես-համադրույթը, հոգեկան հատկությունների համակարգը, հոգեկերտվածքի հուզակամային արտահայտությունները, ի վերջո ինքնապաշտպանական մեխանիզմները համակերպումը, հարմարումը, էթնոսի մշակութային ընկալումը այլ էթնոսի կողմից հզորացնելով անձի ես-ը:
Ալեքսանդրապոլի դպրոցների պատմությունն աշակերտների հիշողություններում
Authors: Այվազյան Գևորգ
Published: June 2022

Սույն հրապարակման մեջ առաջին անգամ ներկայացվում է ալեքպոլցի բանասեր, մանկավարժ Կարապետ Կոստանյանցի (1849-1920) «Մանկութեանս Գիւմրին» անտիպ հուշագրությունից ընդարձակ մի բաժին: Դրանում հեղինակը վարպետորեն վեր է հանում XIX դարի կեսերի Գյումրու և ընդհանուր առմամբ, տվյալ ժամանակաշրջանի հայկական կրթական միջավայրի թերությունները: Նրա հետահայաց ակնարկներն ընթերցողին ստիպում են խորամուխ լինել ազգային դպրոցների գործերի մեջ և հեռուն տանող ընդհանրացումներ կատարել:
Դրվագներ Անդրկովկասյան երկաթուղու շինարարության պատմությունից
Authors: Հայրապետյան Արմեն
Published: June 2022

XIX դ. 60-ական թվականներից ձեռնամուխ լինելով Անդրկովկասում երկաթուղային ճանապարհների կառուցմանը ռուսական իշխանությունները հետապնդում էին մեկ գերնպատակ ամրապնդել սեփական ներկայությունը տարածաշրջանում: Սակայն, կապի և հաղորդակցության նոր միջոցը երկրամասի համար ունեցավ նաև տնտեսական անգնահատելի նշանակություն: Միացնելով Սև և Կասպից ծովերը երկաթուղին տարածաշրջանը մոտեցրեց կենտրոնական Ռուսաստանի և Արևմտյան Եվրոպայի շուկաներին, տեղական արտադրողին հնարավորություն տվեց մաս կազմելու միջազգային առևտրին։
Տեղական իշխանության մարմինների գործունեությունը Ալեքսանդրապոլի գավառում 1918 թ. մայիս-դեկտեմբերին
Authors: Ալեքսանյան Կարինե , Աբրեյան Հերմինե
Published: June 2022

1918թ. մայիսյան հերոսամարտերից հետո, ստիպված լինելով հաշտվել Հայաստանի անկախության հետ, թուրքերը միաժամանակ ջանք չեն խնայել Արևելյան Հայաստանի ռազմակալած շրջաններում կոտորելու և թալանելու բնակչությանը, թուլացնելու և տնտեսապես քայքայելու երկիրը անհնար դարձնելով պետականության հետագա գոյությունը Հայաստանում: Իրենց առաջխաղացումը պայմանավորելով իբր մահմեդականների նկատմամբ հայերի բռնությունները կանխելու, օրինականություն և կարգ ու կանոն հաստատելու հանգամանքով և, ընդհանրապես, իրենց գործողություններին օրինական տեսք տալու նպատակով, գրավված Ալեքսանդրապոլում նրանք ստեղծում են տեղական իշխանության մարմիններ քաղաքային խորհուրդ և վարչություն: Հոդվածի շրջանակներում ձեռնամուխ ենք եղել Ալեքսանդրապոլում թուրքական բռնազավթման պայմաններում ստեղծված տեղական իշխանության մարմինների գործունեության և ժամանակակիցների կողմից նրանց տրված գնահատականների ուսումնասիրությանը:
Պաղեստինյան հակամարտության կարգավորման փորձերը «երկու պետությունների» ստեղծման սկզբունքի հիման վրա
Authors: Հովհաննիսյան Արտակ
Published: June 2022

Սույն հոդվածի շրջանակներում ուսումնասիրության առարկա է դարձել պաղեստինյան հակամարտության կարգավորման գործընթացում «երկու արաբական և հրեական պետությունների ստեղծման» հայեցակարգը, որը առաջարկվելով 1940-ական թթ., արդիական է մնում մինչ օրս:
Pattern of Temporomandibular Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
Authors: Hassan Sibtul , Cheema Muhammad Musa , Khan Hammad Nasir , Khan Aroosa , Hassan Sadia , Yasir Mahnoor
Published: June 2022

Aim: The aim of this analysis was to understand the pattern of temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome among patients with TMPDS. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: In the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, PIMS Hospital, Islamabad and Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore for duration of Four months from 16th January 2021 to 15th May 2021. Methods: A total of 46 patients with a clinical demonstration of TMPDS were enrolled in the analysis. Data was collected on demographic characteristics, major ailments, etiology, history of stress and depression. Results: In this study, 18 (39.1%) of the 46 patients were male and 28 (68.9%) females. 17 to 70 years was the age range of patients with 24.3 ± 12.9 years mean age and 20 (43.5%) subjects in the 10-19 age group and then 9 (19.6%) patients in the 20-29 age group and 3 (6.5%) was observed in the 60-69 age group. Regarding the main complaint, pain was the most prevalent complain noticed in 34(73.9%) subjects. 7 (15.2%) patients reported click, limited mouth opening was observed in 5 patients (10.9%). Etiology was caused by facial trauma in 8 (17.4%) of 46 subjects and only 3 person (6.4%) reported Bruxism. Twelve patients (26.1%) have stress as the only etiology. Collectively stress was testified in 21 subjects (45.6%). The etiology could not be established in 14 (30.4%) patients. Nine stressed people used psychiatric medications for clinical depression (19.6%). Conclusions: In our analysis, TMPD was common in women with 25 years mean age. The most common underlying complaint was pain. Stress was the communal primary etiology. Also 23% have Clinical depression in stressed people. Keywords: Temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome, Stress, Pain.
A Comparative Study of Proximal Femoral Nail and Dynamic Hip Screw in the Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures of Femur
Authors: Sarfraz Muhammad , Ahmad Saeed , Raza Muhammad Shahbaz , Zeb Syed Alam , Lakhani Sartaj , Khan Rahim
Published: June 2022

Aim: The aim of this analysis is the comparison of the functional and radiological results of stable intertrochanteric femoral fractures managed with the dynamic hip screw (DHS) and proximal femoral nail (PFN). Study Design: A Randomized, controlled study. Place and Duration: In the Orthopaedics department of Capital Hospital (CDA), Islamabad for two years duration from January 2020 to December 2021. Methods: All patients with stable intertrochanteric fractures who met the criteria of selection were randomly allocated to group A (DHS) and B (PFN). There were 80 total patients alienated into group A and B. Patients were x-rayed for union evaluation and functional evaluation was done with Harris Hip Score (HHS) was performed, rated as poor (score <70), good (80 to 90), fair (70 to 80) and excellent (90 to 100). The comparison of the results in the two groups was made at the third, sixth and twelfth months, and the P value was calculated using the chi-square test and the independent sample t-test. P <0.05 was measured significant. Results: There were 80 total patients. They were divided equally and randomly into groups A and B of 40 patients each. The PFN group had a shorter operative time, smaller incision and minimum blood loss intraoperatively than the DHS group (p <0.05). The group A mean age was 60.10±4.48 years, and of group B was 59.20±5.71 years. There were 25 men (62.5%) in A group and 23 (57.5%) in B group. Women were 15 (37.5%) in A group and 17 (42.5%) in B group. Mean time of radiological union was 14.2±4 weeks in group A and 12.8±6 weeks in group B (P> 0.05). During the 3-month follow-up period, the Harris Hip Score (HHS) was 54.20 ± 4.20 (poor) and 35.03 ± 4.11 (poor) in Groups A and B, correspondingly (P <0.05). HHS in group A was 90.27 ± 3.80 (good) and in B group, it was 82.27 ± 3.65 (good) (P <0.05) at 6 months and HHS 94.61 ± 2.08 (excellent) and 93.27 ± 2.18 (excellent) 1 year in the group A and B (P> 0.05). Conclusions: Both DHS and PFN gave similar results in terms of radiological union in stable intertrochanteric fractures. The short-term functional score was poor and good for both DHS and PFN at 3 and 6 months, although DHS scored statistically better than PFN. After one year of follow-up, both DHS and PFN had similar excellent functional scores, but had no statistically significant difference in score. Keywords: Harris hip Score, Proximal femoral nail, Dynamic hip screw and Intertrochanteric fracture.
Efficacy and Tolerability of Amlodipine for Patients with Hypertension
Authors: Mehboob Warda , Akhtar Hadia , Iqbal Kinza
Published: June 2022

Introduction: For dealing with mild to moderate hypertension, Current hypertension recommendations recommend initial low-dose antihypertensive monotherapy. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to find out if amlodipine is effective and safe for people with high blood pressure. Material and methods: This cross-sectional research was done in Midcity hospital, Jail road Lahore between January 2021 to November 2021. The data was acquired by a non-probability consecutive sampling approach. Results: The data was collected from 100 patients, genders equally. The average systolic and diastolic benefits are presented in Table 1, broken down by age and gender. The average systolic blood pressure was 124.2 15.0 mmHg, while the average diastolic blood pressure was 83.4 9.5 mmHg. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased at a rate that was greatest in the oldest age group of males studied. Conclusion: It is concluded that Amlodipine reduces ambulatory blood pressure with the same tolerance as a low-dose first treatment. This strategy may be helpful in the treatment of blood pressure and, if implemented extensively in clinical practise, should result in an improvement in the percentage of patients whose hypertension is under control.
Acute Effects of Post-Activation Potentiation on Explosive Strength Performance in Wrestling Athletes
Authors: Eroğlu Şeref
Published: June 2022

Background: Researching methods of improving athlete performance has always been a topical issue. When the studies conducted in this context are examined, many different applications and methods of improving sportive performance have been tested. Especially Post-Activation Potential (PAP) is a very popular subject, and the lack of consensus among researchers on how long the rest period will be after PAP application makes this subject worth investigating. Aim: The aim of this research is to determine the most appropriate resting time interval to produce the highest explosive power after the PAP protocol. Methods: The mean age of the participants group of the research was 19,31±1,21, their height was 170,31±3,42, their weight was 69,09±4,06 and their maximal squat one repetition performance (1-RM) was 86,36±5,60. In this research, measurements were completed on five separate days with 72 hour intervals. On the first measurement day, the athletes' height and weight measurements, 1-RM squat measurements, vertical jump performance measurements were taken and explosive strength levels were calculated using the Lewis formula. On the second measurement day, 5 repetitions were performed with 85% of the 1-RM squat and after 15 seconds of rest, the vertical jump performance test was measured. On the third measurement day, 5 repetitions of 1-RM squats with 85% were performed and after 3 minutes of rest, the vertical jump performance test was measured. On the fourth measurement day, 5 repetitions of 1-RM squat with 85% were performed and after a rest period of 6 minutes, the vertical jump performance test was measured. Finally, on the fifth measurement day, 5 repetitions of 1-RM squats with 85% were performed and after 9 minutes of rest, the vertical jump performance test was measured. After all measurements, explosive strength levels were calculated using Lewis formula. Passive rest was performed between the exercise and the measurement. Results: As a result of the findings of our research, it was determined that the 15-second rest time interval after the PAP protocol negatively affected the explosive strength performance level. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference between 3 min, 6 min and 9 min rest time intervals. Conclusion: It can be said that the most appropriate resting time is between 3-9 minutes in terms of increasing the explosive strength performance of wrestlers after the PAP protocol. Keywords: PAP, wrestlers, explosive power.
Using the Transtheoretical Model of Change to Understand High School Students’ Screen Time Behavior
Authors: Laftah Salwan Abed , Baqer Mohammed , Ali Habeeb Abd
Published: June 2022

Objective(s): The aim of this study is to understand high school students’ screen time behavior. Methodology: Part of the study was an experimental randomized controlled trial used to guide this study. The study was conducted at Al-Wihdah High School for females in Al-Nasiriyah City. The study encompassed a simple random sample of 144 high school female students. The study instrument includes subjects’ sociodemographic characteristics of age, living arrangement, family’s socioeconomic status. It also includes the Transtheoretical Model of Change measures of Stages of Change for Screen Time Scale (Short Form) which includes five questions, each question represents one of the Stages of Change for Screen Time. It also includes Stages of Change for Screen Time Scale (Continuous Measure), the Processes of Change for Screen Time Scale, the Self-Efficacy for Screen Time Scale, and the Decisional Balance Scale for Screen Time. Data were collected using a self-reported method for the period from November 1st, 2021 to April 10th, 2022. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) for windows, version 26. Results: The study results revealed that the administered Transtheoretical Model of Change-Stage-matched intervention moved subjects from lower Stages of Change to higher ones. Conclusion: The administered Transtheoretical Model of Change-Stage-matched intervention stepped subjects to higher Stages of Change. Subjects in higher Stages of Change use more Processes of Change.
Design and Test Wireless Pedicle Probe for Spine
Authors: Abed Zina Ali , Dhhan Ziad Tarik Ai-
Published: June 2022

pedicle screw placement in spinal fixation surgery is a very challenging technique especially for those patients with scoliosis and degenerative diseases, due to variation in the vertebral structure between different levels of the spine and between humans, Also due to the site of placing the screw in the pedicle, it's near the nerve roots of the spine, But recently there was excessive effort to reduce the risk of this surgery by inventing new methods to override these risks, Wireless probe was created in this test by using ESP32 Wifi and Bluetooth development board as a processer, And Raspberry Pi3 Model B+ to display the result, By using Force sensor (FSR 400) and Hall effect sensor (AH49E) to detect bone density variation of the vertebral body and distinguish between cortical and cancellous bone, The test was performed on a three years old calf vertebra from the thoracic region and the result has been taken in a different situation to prove that the probe is working. Keywords: Screw placement, pedicle probe, force sensor, hall effect sensor.
Quality of Care among Neophyte Nurses at Emergency Units
Authors: Jubair Maher K. , Muttaleb Wisam M.
Published: June 2022

Aimed this study to assessment quality of care among neophyte nurses in emergency departments. The study Initiated from (January 10th, 2022 to April 10th, 2022), The research design was employed in this study a descriptive design. The sampling of this study was the purposive sample by 121 nurses working in six governmental teaching hospitals in Diwaniyah province, Iraq. The results of data analysis were employed by Statistical Package for Social Science (SSPS version 24) that found burnout levels of the study sample (63.6%) a moderate level of quality of nursing care and subdomain quality of nursing care levels results was (62.8%) of sample moderate level for tangible, reliability, and responsiveness. Assurance was (57 %) moderate level. However, empathy was reported (49.6%) moderate level score. Keywords: Neophyte nurses, quality of care, and emergency department
Assessment of Suicide Prevention on Nurses’ Knowledge at Psychiatric Teaching Hospitals in Baghdad City
Authors: Mohammed Ali Nada Abd Ali , Hussein Hassan A.
Published: June 2022

Background: Suicide is very sophisticated to be described in three brief words. Suicide attempts are also very uncommon and describing and foretelling them can be very hard. Theory, has the virtue in that it is an important tool in transforming information into knowledge. Material and Method: The study was carried out in Al-Rashad Psychiatric Teaching Hospital and Ibn Rushd Psychiatric Teaching Hospital in Baghdad City. A convenience sample was recruited from the aforementioned hospitals. Based on an effect size of 0.25, an alpha error probability of 0.05, a power of 0.80, number of groups = 2, and 3 measurements, the total sample size would be 72 who work in the previous mentioned setting were selected randomly for this study. The final sample size would be 72; 36 for the study group and 36 for the control group. The study instrument consists of participants’ sociodemographic sheet (age, gender, and marital status), employment profile (educational qualification, years of experience in nursing, years of experience in psychiatric units, and nurse-to-bed ratio. Results: The finding of study show that the participants in the study group is 34.33 ± 10.24; a half age 20-29-years (43%), followed by those who age 30-39-years (34.7%),and those who age 40-49-years (15.3%). Conclusion: The student researcher concluded that the nurses’ knowledge about suicide as a concept, nurses’ knowledge about suicide rate, nurses’ knowledge about factors contributing to suicide was weak. Keywords: Assessment, Suicide, Psychiatric Teaching Hospitals, Nurses’ Knowledge.
Comparison Between Skin Staples and Prolene Sutures for Skin Closure in Caesarean Section Patients
Authors: Jahan Erum , Nawaz Nadia , Mahmood Sumera , Shabbir Saima , Imtiaz Rahila , Gupta Urvashi
Published: June 2022

Objective: To compare the frequency of wound infection in skin staples versus prolene sutures for skin closure in patients undergoing caesarean section. Subject and Methods: This study comprises 216 patients that underwent caesarean mode of delivery, which were further divided into 2 groups on the basis skin closure. In Group I skin closure was done with staples and in Group II skin was closed with prolene sutures. Type of C section ( elective or emergency) was recorded. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for age, gestational age and skin closure time. Wound infection was recorded based on the presence of any of the following, purulent drainage, cellulitis, abscess or wound demanding debridement and drainage. Results: The mean age of patient in group I was 28.53±4.27 and in Group II was 29.17±4.29. Skin closure time for staples group was recorded as 2.01.±1.01 minutes and for suture group it was 6.46.±2.19 minutes. In skin staples group 19(17.6%) patients developed wound infection and in sutures group 08(7.40%) females got wound infection within 7th post-operative day. Conclusion: Wound infection is less likely to occur in patients of suture group as compared to staples group Keywords: Cesarean Delivery, Skin Closure, Suture, Prolene, Staples.