bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Academic Stress Among Different Categories of Students – A Literature Review
Authors:   Management, BNM Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India., Srinivasa* Ms. Shishira , Vijayashree Dr. L. ,   Professor - MBA Dept., Head-Entrepreneurship Development Cell- BNMIT, Chief- Coordinator- New Gen IEDC, DST, GoI, BNMIT. Bangalore.
Published: May 2021

Stress is certainly a great term, but it can be dealt with smaller modifications that we add to our everyday lives. The stress is mostly prevalent among government officers, managers, politicians, house-wives and teachers. It is necessary to recognize the cause of stress in order to deal with it. Effective and meticulous interventions can be outlined. Stress is still considered subjective process and encompass the personal analysis of the individual and counteract a threatening incident. Stress may lead to depression, anxiety and many others. The rise of number of stress management seminars, numerous articles written, studies etc. suggest the escalation in the past few stress-related cases decades. This study addresses the conceptual structure of stress between stress causes Students and how tension is handled. It also presents a literature review on the subject.
The Effects of Needs- Based Continuous Professional Development Practice on Teachers ‟ Perception of CPD: Primary Schools English Language Teachers in Focus
Authors:   Lecture & PhD, Literature College of Social Sciences & Humanities Arba Minch University, Ethiopia,, Goa Endelibu
Published: May 2021

This study was an attempt to examine the effects of needs- based Continuous Professional Development (CPD) practices on English language teachers’ perceptions. More specifically, the study addressed the following research questions: (1) What CPD activities do ELT teachers need to practice currently? (2)Is there a significant change in EFL teachers’ perceptions following in an intervention design to increase their perceptions about CPD practices? This research work was mainly experimental in design. The purpose of the experiment was to examine the effects of needsbased CPD practices on English language teachers’ perceptions. Pre-test and post-test measures were analyzed using a t-test statistical procedure. In addition, questionnaire, interviews, and FGDs were employed in order to obtain data required for the study. The data gathered through different instruments were subjected to both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The study involved five primary schools in Arba Minch. Fifty-two, randomly selected teachers were filled the pre-test and post-test questionnaire. Moreover, 10 teachers from each primary school were randomly selected for interview. Besides, 12 teachers from each primary school were involved in the FGDs in order to gather the necessary data for this study. Different sources were referred for the preparation of the training materials. The effects of need-based CPD practices on teachers’ perception were examined through the pre-test and the post-test. The results of the pre-test showed that there was no significant difference in the teachers’ perception before and after the experiment. The results of the post-test showed that there was a significant difference before and after the experiment in teachers’ perception (P<0.05). On the basis of the findings of the study, it was concluded that need-based CPD practice could have a great value in improving perception. Based on this, conclusions and recommendations were made.
Study of Skills & Qualities of Indian Military Veterans Valued Most by Employers and Colleagues
Authors:   M Tech, MPM, Fellow IETE, Member CEGR Research Scholar, Oriental University, Indore, Kumar* Mishra Virendra , Jain Prof (Dr.) RK ,   Dean Research Studies, Oriental University, Indore
Published: May 2021

1) A skilled, dedicated and responsible employable persons is a resource employer are always looking for to have in their organisation. Employers across the world are facing a growing skills gap that impacts the productivity and long-term economic prosperity of the organisation. Majority of graduates and qualified professionals churned out from the universities and training institutes lack employability skills. Situations become difficult for the employers due to growing attrition rate and employers find it tough to cope up with situation when trained and skilled Human Capital leaves the organisation and there is not enough pool of resources to choose from. The workforce simply does not have enough employable workers and skilled candidates to fill an ever-increasing number of high skilled jobs. Indian Armed forces constitute one of the most trained personnel with very high level of motivation, trainable and possessing qualities most suitable to any organization today. Every year Indian Armed forces contribute over 60000 disciplined, hard & soft skilled, motivated and well-trained persons in form of ExServicemen (ESM, Indian Military veteran or veteran) who retire from active service in the age group 40 - 54 years and still have enough productive and employable life ahead. Drawing from the pool of transitioning military for these types of jobs could be an excellent way to develop a pipeline of talent to fill the skills gap. Articles and papers cite the reasons why employers should hire veteran and what kind of skills veterans have. 2) Employers are often on the look-out for employees who are dedicated, committed, trustworthy and loyal to them while hiring new employees. Indian veterans are cross-trained in multiple skills and have experience in varied tasks and responsibilities and employable in all categories from senior & strategic leadership roles to junior level leader and ground level workforce levels. Employers, entrepreneurs, peers and colleagues of veteran were approached to give their views on the most sought-after skills and qualities they see in veterans as employees. The paper brings out the skills and employable qualities which Indian employers’ value most in the veterans.
The Sebi Role in Creating Awareness about Investor Protection and Education
Authors:   Professor, School of Commerce Studies, Jain University, Banglore., Painoli Dr. Girish Kumar , Mazeed* Shaik Abdul ,   Assistant Professor, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute of Management and Technology, Baghlingampally-500044, P. Dr. Nagaraja. ,   Associate Professor, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute of Management and Technology, Baghlingampally500044.
Published: May 2021

Colossal expansion in the monetary market tasks, unusual expands in the awareness levels of the clients about the monetary items and the dangers related with them, mounting up of the quantity of monetary fakes, strategies that the organizations use to procure benefits, and numerous different components become the test for the endurance of the monetary and capital business sectors all around. A need emerged for the monetary controllers to present the idea of Investor Protection and Investor Education to shield their wellbeing. The monetary emergency likewise had underlined on the conspicuousness of the monetary mindfulness and security to cradle financial backers from the market disturbances. Indian economy is perceived as the most dependable one for interests in various roads because of its solid legal executive framework. Financial backer assurance is significant for any venture. Something else, no market can support and develop. Protections and Exchange Board of India is a market controller of India as we probably are aware and one of its goals is to teach and secure the financial backers. Likewise, SEBI is perceived as the most regarded controller among the controllers in India. Since 1992, SEBI as an independent body making rules and guidelines and modifying them according to the changing business sector elements and securing financial backers fretfully till now. Regardless of every one of its endeavors, there are a few holes between financial backer insurance and financial backer fulfillment. The current examination is a portrayal of a coordinated writing audit with trustworthy referring to, and ends that were drawn from various coherent creek of speculations identifying with the investigation "Financial backer Protection: Awareness among Professionals.
Análise de discurso crítica: uma reflexão acerca dos desdobramentos recentes da teoria social do discurso
Authors: De Melo Resende Viviane , Vieira Sebba Ramalho Viviane
Published: May 2021

Neste ensaio, buscamos fazer uma retrospectiva da Análise de Discurso Crítica (ADC), com foco no movimento entre o modelo tridimensional de Fairclough (1989, 1992) e o desenvolvimento da elaboração teórica da ADC proposto por Chouliaraki & Fairclough (1999) e completado por Fairclough (2003). O objetivo é favorecer a reflexão acerca desse desenvolvimento da disciplina, enfatizando as implicações para a ADC, como teoria e método, do movimento entre a centralidade do discurso e o foco nas práticas sociais das quais o discurso é um momento.
Perancangan Aplikasi Mobile E-Marketplace Rumah Kost (Studi Kasus : Kabupaten Karawang)
Authors: Darmansyah Darmansyah , Parpati Popi , Gunawan Rahmat
Published: May 2021

Karawang Regency is one of the industrial estates in West Java Province In addition,there are also many universities in Karawang Regency. The number of nomands in Karawang Regency until 2018 recorded 1.7 milion inhabitans. The nomands wo live in Karawang need a temporary residence or boarding house. During this time migrants in search of boarding house information by asking friends, asking the surrounding community and visiting one by one the location of boarding houses. This method is consiidered ineffective because it takes a lot of time to get the approciate boarding house information. In this study the authors made a mobile application E-Marketpalce boarding house in Karawang Regency. The system design method in this thesis research uses the Software Deplopment Life Cycle (SDLC) method with the waterfall model. This E-Marketplace mobile application was created using a bootstrap web platform, a programming language using PHP with a Codeigniter framework, Database Management System (DBMS) using MySQL and object-oriented modeling namely Unified Modeling Language (UML). The result of this study can be conclded that by making a mobile application E-Marketplace boarding house in Karawang regency that can help to facilitate boarding owners in marketing their boarding house.

 Keywords: E-Marketplace, Boarding House, Codeigniter.
Teacher-Centered versus Student-Centered Teaching
Authors: Murphy Laurie , Eduljee Nina B. , Croteau Karen
Published: May 2021

This empirical study examined preferences between teacher-centered and student-centered teaching methods and academic major with 507 undergraduate college students. Surveys were administered to the students that assessed their level of agreement with teaching methods utilized in the classroom. The results indicate that across all academic majors, students’ preferences included a mix of teacher-centered and student-centered approaches, some of which include lecture with student interaction, demonstrations and practice, lecture with use of PowerPoint, free flowing classroom discussion, guest speakers, and games in the classroom. The least preferred teaching methods were predominantly teacher-centered and included the use of unscheduled quizzes, lecture with no visuals, lecture with handwritten notes, and watching a long film. Significant differences were obtained for preferred teaching methods between academic majors.
Optimism, Resilience, and Other Health-Protective Factors Among Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Burt Kate G. , Eubank Jacob M.
Published: May 2021

Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) suffer disproportionately from coronavirus-related illness, death, and financial loss. The aim of this retrospective, qualitative study was to better understand the experiences of BIPOC students at a Bronx-based public university during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected from a reflective final exam in a health sciences course in May 2020. Responses (n = 28) were coded and analyzed using the Social Determinants of Health (SDH) framework. Several themes were identified in structural and intermediary determinant areas, including occupation, education, social cohesion, and psychosocial factors. Participants demonstrated optimism, resilience, and perseverance—protective factors against exposure to adverse SDH. Findings indicate that COVID-19 negatively impacted BIPOC students in multiple SDH areas which may have a compounding effect, hindering equity and justice. Providers of social and academic support are critical levers in addressing SDH barriers and helping students strengthen protective factors to reduce adverse impacts of health-damaging determinants.
Pedagogical Reflection
Authors: Virtue Emily E.
Published: May 2021

Instructors in higher education are often asked to reflect on their pedagogical choices in formulaic, detached, rote ways such as end of the year faculty evaluations or in response to peer review of teaching. Yet, because of the parameters for these reflections, they often lack depth or much consideration. Particularly because higher education institutions, especially in the United States, are focused on assessment, outcomes, student performance, and retention, little time is focused on particular pedagogical choices or interaction with students. Numerous studies demonstrate that faculty-student interaction has a remarkable impact on student success. This paper, a Scholarly Personal Narrative (SPN), explores the value of sustained pedagogical reflection and how such reflection can benefit instructors and their students.
Medical Violence, Obstetric Racism, and the Limits of Informed Consent for Black Women
Authors: Campbell Colleen
Published: May 2021

This Essay critically examines how medicine actively engages in the reproductive subordination of Black women. In obstetrics, particularly, Black women must contend with both gender and race subordination. Early American gynecology treated Black women as expendable clinical material for its institutional needs. This medical violence was animated by biological racism and the legal and economic exigencies of the antebellum era. Medical racism continues to animate Black women’s navigation of and their dehumanization within obstetrics. Today, the racial disparities in cesarean sections illustrate that Black women are simultaneously overmedicalized and medically neglected—an extension of historical medical practices rooted in the logic of biological race. Though the principle of informed consent traditionally protects the rights of autonomy, bodily integrity, and well-being, medicine nevertheless routinely subjects Black women to medically unnecessary procedures. This Essay adopts the framework of obstetric racism to analyze Black women’s overmedicalization as a site of reproductive subordination. It thus offers a critical interdisciplinary and intersectional lens to broader conversations on race in reproduction and maternal health.
When Critical Race Theory Enters the Law & Technology Frame
Authors: Eaglin Jessica
Published: May 2021

Michigan Technology Law Review is proud to partner with our peers to publish this essay by Professor Jessica Eaglin on the intertwining social construction of race, law and technology. This piece highlights how the approach to use technology as precise tools for criminal administration or objective solutions to societal issues often fails to consider how laws and technologies are created in our racialized society. If we do not consider how race and technology are co-productive, we will fail to reach substantive justice and instead reinforce existing racial hierarchies legitimated by laws.
Morphological structure of words in Modern English
Authors:   Азербайджанский университет языков старший преподаватель, Иман гызы Ганбарова Ирада
Published: May 2021

In the article “Morphological structure of words in Modern English” the author conducted research on the study of the Morphological structure of words in the process of learning Modern English. In this article, the author describes the morphological structure of the word. They are: 1) simple words; 2) compound words; 3) words that consist of the same root and never change their meaning; 4) words that are obscured by various additions to the derivative; 5) words formed with the help of various suffices; 6) affixes that change the form of the word; 7) abbreviations. A morpheme is a small part of a word. A morpheme has an independent meaning. A morpheme can be considered the root of the word. The word itself cannot be considered a morpheme. Affixes are divided into prefixes and suffixes. Both – prefixes and suffixes can change the meaning of the word. Key words: suffix, prefix, accent, structure, participate, separate, base
The role of metre in creating phonological parallelism in Azerbaijan and English
Authors:   Bakı Dövlət Universitetii dissertant, Rza qızı Abbasova Gülənbər
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the role of metre in forming linguopoetic features of parallelism in the Azerbaijan and English languages. Phonological parallelism plays a crucial role in forming of linguopoetic features of parallelism. Being the basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in verse metre is one of the main ways of forming phonological parallelism in both languages. In the research of metre literary texts have been considered by linguistic scholars of both languages and in these texts the most common types of metres and their frequency of use have widely been investigated. In both languages approaches to the issue of metre are quite various and thereby we observe the possibilities of different linguopoetic features in poetic samples of stated languages. In the literary texts of both languages we witness that metre is one of the main requirements of determining prosodic- phonological structure of poems. Key words: phonological parallelism, metre, linguopoetic properties, poetry, language
CONTRACTUAL CAPACITY OF MINORS
Authors:   Baku State University master, Intigam Garayeva Aysel
Published: May 2021

Capability is one of the essential factors that the validity of contract stipulates the existence of it. Contractual capability means capacity and competency of parties. Individuals, legal entities, as well as states and municipalities may act as a party in concluding a contract. In general, it is important for individuals to have full active legal capacity in order to enter into a contract without someone's approval. As a legal matter, there are certain groups of people who are presumed to have no or limited contractual capacity to make an agreement. Minors included in this group must comply with the requirements established by the civil legislation for validity of contracts concluded by them. This article clarifies invalidity issues of contracts concluded by a minor party, necessity of consent and approval of legal representatives for validity of contracts and emancipation of minors. Key words: active legal capacity, minors, contractual capacity, children, approval of legal representatives, invalidity of contracts concluded by minors, emancipation
Characteristics of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy and childbirth
Authors:   Elmi-Tədqiqat Mamalıq Ginekologiya İnstitutu tibb elmləri üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, Rasim qızı Hacıyeva Fatma
Published: May 2021

A new coronavirus infection that broke out in the Chinese city of Wuhan in 2019 went down in history as an international emergency. The article provides an overview of the Etios-pathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in pregnant women and during menopause based on available literature sources. I hope that this information will be a valuable and informative source for practitioners, as well as students and residents. Key words: COVID-19, coronvirus, pregnancy, postpartum
Оnоmаstiс units in thе Frеnсh lаnguаgе
Authors:   Azərbaycan Dillər Universiteti filologiya üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, dosent, Mirəhməd qızı Sеyidоvа Vəfа
Published: May 2021

Thе аrtiсlе соmmеnts оn thе thеоrеtiсаl viеws оf vаriоus linguists оn thе fоrmаtiоn оf оnоmаstiс units, thеir sосiо-histоriсаl dеvеlоpmеnt аnd еtymоlоgy, thе соntrаdiсtоry аnd gеnеrаl nаturе оf thеsе idеаs. Thе аrtiсlе аlsо disсussеs thе fасt thаt spесiаl nаmеs hаvе аn impоrtаnt оrigin аnd аny mеаning, thе pоssibility thаt а соmmоn nаmе bесоmеs а spесiаl nаmе, аnd viсе vеrsа. Thе аrtiсlе spеаks аt thе sаmе timе аbоut thе distinсtivе fеаturеs оf prоpеr nаmеs. Thе rеsеаrсh hаs bееn саrriеd оut оn thе bаsеs оf thе mаtеriаls оf thе Frеnсh аnd Аzеrbаijаni lаnguаgеs. Kеy wоrds: оnоmаstiсs, prоpеr nаmе, trаnsfоrmаtiоn, оnоmоlоgy, аppеllаtivе
Mathematical machine usage in medical information systems
Authors:   AMEA Riyaziyyat və Mexanika İnstitutu texnika üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, dosent, Hətəm qızı Mirzəzadə İradə , Gülhüseyn qızı Abdullayeva Gülçin ,   AMEA İdarəetmə Sistemləri İnstitutu fizika-riyaziyyat elmləri üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, dosent, Rauf oğlu Nağızadə Həsənağa ,   AMEA Riyaziyyat və Mexanika İnstitutu dissertant
Published: May 2021

Biosystem of the human body is viewed as a whole. First of all adequate mathematical machine selection and class of biosystems needs to be assigned for creation of mathematical model of biological system. Biosystem has two types of appoach. One of them is supposed to be a simple approach, the other is likely to be very complex – indexed approach. Different biosystems with determination properties are usually described by differential and integral equations, linear and nonlinear algebra. In some cases, algebraic polynoms with timed argument are used for presenting determined biosystem dynamics. Adequate mathematical modeling machine, probability theory, Markov and random processes theory and the laws are applied for the description of likely characterized biosystems. Key words: biosystem, biocybernetic issues, differential and integral equations, mathematical model, Markov chains, Bayes method, artifical neural networks
Pregnancy and velvet
Authors:   Azərbaycan Tibb Universiteti tibb üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, Nadir qızı Kerimova Sevinc
Published: May 2021

The main prevention of rubella infection during pregnancy is to be vaccinated against this disease in preparation for pregnancy. Before you decide to get vaccinated against rubella, you need to have a special laboratory test to detect antibodies to the rubella virus in your blood to check if you are immune to this infection. The fact is that in some cases it is impossible to determine whether you are sick with rubella. Because in many cases, the disease can be latent or with a very limited number of symptoms, in which case, naturally, the body develops specific antibodies against the virus. Doctors believe that in this case, the body's immune response will be strengthened. It is recommended that the velvet vaccine be given at least 3 months before the planned date of pregnancy. Key words: pregnancy, rubella, fetus, infection
Meaning and stylistic means of Bakhtiyar Vahabzade's free rhymed poetry
Authors:   Bakı Slavyan Unversiteti filologiya üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, dosenti, Ağacan qızı Əliyeva Gültəkin
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the free rhymed poetry of Bakhtiyar Vahabzade, a prominent representative of XXth century Azerbaijani poetry, in terms of meaning and stylistic nuances. It is noted that free rhymed poetry once again entered the stage of self-affirmation in the 50s, which began to decline in the literary environment in the late 30s,. At that time, B.Vahabzadeh began to express himself both in syllables and free rhyme. Starting from the first examples of creativity, the poet increased the journalistic tone in the way of purification and formation of the national consciousness, inspirinig new artistic and aesthetic qualities. One of the main qualities of the poet's poetry is that philosophical shades are expressed in the context of Man and time. At the same time, contrast and contrastivity have enriched the originality and stylistic possibilities of his free rhymed poems. Associative perception and poetic capacity of thought are among the factors ensuring the originality of B.Vahabzadeh's free rhymed poetry. These stylistic enrichments also play an important role in shaping the development of Azerbaijani free rhymed poetry. The stylistic richness of the poet's free rhymed poetry creates wide opportunities for the description and philosophical understanding of life and world events. Key words: B.Vahabzade, free rhymed poetry, structure, meaning, style, contrast
Coronavirus Disease 2019: An Overview of the Complications and Management
Authors: Shao Huimin , Ghaly Hany Sadek Ayoub , Varamini Pegah
Published: May 2021

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since the first report of COVID-19 emerging in Wuhan, China, authorities in 216 countries and territories have reported about 47.3 million COVID-19 cases and 1.2 million deaths. The WHO guidelines for the management of COVID-19 are very limited to recommendations for managing symptoms and advice on careful management of pediatric patients, pregnant women, and patients with underlying comorbidities. There is no approved treatment for COVID-19 and guidelines vary between countries. In this review, first, a brief overview is provided on the basic knowledge about the virus, clinical features of the disease, and different diagnostic methods. Then, the relationship between COVID-19, various body systems, and other complications is discussed. Finallly, different management strategies are discussed, including those drawn on computational chemistry analyses, pre-clinical investigations, and clinical trials which involve pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. In conclusion, despite the recent approval of different vaccine candidates, more virological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 are required to be explored, which may result in the discovery of more potential therapeutic targets leading to safer and more effective treatment to COVID-19.
Kejawen (Javanese Sufism) and Perennial Philosophy in Kuntowijoyo's Khotbah di Atas Bukit
Authors:   Akademi Seni Budaya dan Warisan Kebangsaan (ASWARA), Haji Musa Mohd. Faizal
Published: May 2021

Khotbah di Atas Bukit (Sermon on a Hill) by Kuntowijoyo was written to foreground transcendental principles, in accordance with the Theory of Transcendental Literature. Transcendental principles are brought to the fore and applied in this work through the use of symbolism. Kuntowijoyo uses a local subject for enquiry, kejawen (Javanese sufism), to address issues of faith and tauhid (Islamic Monotheism or the Oneness of Allah). However, there is some ambiguity in the text which could affect the aspects of tauhid discussed. In presenting the teachings of Sufism, Kuntowijoyo may in the process be misunderstood and consequently considered to subscribe to global theology where tauhid is simplified and religions “combined”. Khotbah di Atas Bukit is a complex work to read because of the overuse of symbolism aimed at obscuring meaning. This kind of symbolism needs to be explained, particularly to readers who have little knowledge of sufism. It is this that makes Khotbah di Atas Bukit a specialized work for a specialized readership. Key words: Islamic literature, Islam kejawen , sufism, perennial philosophy, Islamic leadership, tauhid , Kuntowijoyo, pluralism, mysticism, Transcendental Literature, myth, global religion, orthodox Muslims (the faithful).
Light, Sound and Fragrance: The Impact of Sufism on the Aesthetics of Traditional Malay Literature
Authors:   School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) University of London, Braginsky Vladimir
Published: May 2021

Sufi ideas exerted a great influence on nearly every aspect of traditional Malay literature of the late 16th to the 17th century. Not only Malay literary practice of that age owed much to the Sufi inspiration, equally important is the fact that Sufism brought to life a pre-modern Malay literary theory including, inter alia, fundamental concepts of literary aesthetics. On the basis of a poem by Hamzah Fansuri and Sufi allegories Hikayat Inderaputera and Hikayat Si Burung Pingai the article investigates the Sufi doctrine of imagination as a particular world all of its own, the “aesthetics of light” expressed through specific illumination of portrayed events and “lighting effects”, and the “aesthetics of ecstasy” communicated through acoustic and olfactory images. By embodying these aesthetics in the “flesh and blood” of literary works, their creators not only managed to reveal Sufi doctrines with more clarity and beauty, but also let their audience experience them both intellectually and emotionally. Keyword : Sufism, Hamzah Fansuri, literary aesthetic, Hikayat Metaphysics.
Reviewing the Short Story Anthologies of Zurinah Hassan: Convention Versus Innovation
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Che Man Siti Hajar
Published: May 2021

This discussion will focus on two anthologies produced by Zurinah Hassan entitled Meneruskan Perjalanan (The Continuation of the Journey) (1987) and Menjelang Pemilihan (As the Selection Dawns) (2004). The study will examine the issues of convention and invention that are evident in her short stories. The discussion will thus be divided into two parts. The first relates to convention in terms of the parallelism and acquiescence or obedience of Zurinah Hassan in cultivating issues or conflicts that can be extracted from short stories in both anthologies. The second relates to the context of invention and refers to the discoveries in her written work which have escaped or become free from conventional characteristics. In other words, her creativity has achieved a new level and is not tied down to conventional rules. The results of this study will assess Zurinah Hassan’s development and the transformation of her talent of authorship that is evident from its creativity, imagination, illusion and fantasy. The existence of improvisation or growth in knowledge, discipline and knowledge of assistance and her experiences in cultivating current issues are also evident. Furthermore, women’s issues are highlighted through the short story genre to be shared especially with other women and with readers in general. Keywords: Conventional laws, creativity, invention, imagination, illusion, fantasy and genre.
Occidentalism in the Malay World: The West Through the Eyes of Abdullah Munshi
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Malaysia, Merican Ahmad Murad
Published: May 2021

This article is about how the West was imagined, described and reproduced by Abdullah Munshi. Thus far we have encountered descriptions of the non-Western world by the West, which includes that of the Malays by European travellers, scientists and colonial scholar-administrators. It is thus also critical to appraise knowledge of the occident from the other and an ambivalent self such as in the person Abdullah Munshi. Abdullah’s writings were journalistic and sociological in nature. The production of his writings under conditions of early colonialism has not been sufficiently studied from the perspective of self and the other, Western and non-Western. As such, this article is significantly the first of such studies on Malay intellectual history. Abdullah’s autobiography, the Hikayat Abdullah , is used to identify a form of Malay Occidentalism. In a sense, this article plays a cataloguing role indicating the scope and character of the Malay imagination of the West. It presents part of the larger study aimed at developing a framework on Malay attitudes and representations of Europe and Western civilization. Keywords : Colonialism, occidentalism, orientalism, other, printing, self
GIS in The Humanities: The Spatial Pattern and Distribution of the Voyage of Panglima Awang or Henry The Black
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Masron Tarmiji , Abdul Rahman Mohamad Luthfi
Published: May 2021

Panglima Awang or Henry The Black or Enrique of Melaka , a man of Malay descent, was on board Ferdinand Magellan’s ship when he made his voyage around the world. Panglima Awang was a captive and a slave on board. He was taken to Goa, India and then onward to Portugal. In Portugal, a conflict broke out between the Portugese and Captain Fernado (or Ferdinand Magellan) who, at the instigation of Da Gama, was maliciously accused of siding with some foreigners. Tired of the unwelcome pressure, Captain Fernado made the decision to change his mission and instead sail around the world with Panglima Awang. From Portugal they set sail for Spain. Also on board was Pigafetta who recorded every little detail of the voyage. Besides depicting the events that took place during the voyage of Panglima Awang, this article attempts to integrate geographical information technology into research in the fields of literature and history. This is achieved by identifying the route taken by Panglima Awang as well as his stopover locations, and analysing the spatial pattern and distribution of the voyage. Keywords: Geographical Information System (GIS), Humanities, voyage, Panglima Awang
National Identity and the Quest of Ethnic Authorship in Sarawak
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Awang Pawi Awang Azman
Published: May 2021

This article discusses aspects of identity building in the national literature of Sarawak. The author argues that the presence of a variety of authors in Sarawak is quite unique in expressing the ethnic diversity of Sarawak. This is because some of the ethnic writers include local colour in their writings. The situation is different in Peninsular Malaysia; although there are various ethnic groups such as Javanese, Banjar Bugis, Malaysian aborigines and Minang, there is little foregrounding of this in their writings, unlike what can be found in Sarawak. The ethnic diversity in Sarawak brings with it a number of ethnic issues, while at the same time representing problems that exist within these ethnic societies. The use of the national language in the works produced in Sarawak provides a national perspective without neglecting local issues that authors attempt to deal with. Authorship, theme and thinking, as well as the authors’ attitudes in the works are also discussed in order to look at the dimension of national authorship in the context of local knowledge. Keywords: national identity, ethnicity, authorship, national literature
Mir'at al-Tullab by Syeikh Abdul Rauf Singkel: A Preliminary Study of Manuscripts Kept in the Special Collections, Leiden University Library
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Harun Jelani
Published: May 2021

Mir’at al-Tullab by Syeikh Abdul Rauf Singkel is one of the masterpieces in the history of Malay writing in Aceh. The work written in 1661 demonstrates knowledge of Shari’ah law including the subjects on commercial law, matrimonial law and criminal law. The major idea that runs through the whole work is that of the role of sultan and ulama in preserving Islamic laws of the state. The importance of Mir’at al-Tullab is reflected in the large number of manuscripts that are available. In spite of its importance, there is still a lack of studies of the work especially those based on several Jawi manuscripts that are known to exist in Leiden University Library. This article is a preliminary study of five manuscripts of Mir’at al-Tullab kept in the Special Collections, Leiden University Library, and to identify basic features of the Islamic laws in Aceh in the mid-seventeenth century based on the manuscripts. Mir’at al-Tullab portray an early example of the implementation of Islamic law in Aceh as to replace the adat law practices that existed before. Keywords: Mir’at al-Tullab, Syeikh Abdul Rauf Singkel, history of Malay, Islamic law, manuscripts
Si Tenggang in the Postcolonial Arena: A Search for Identity and Sustainability in the Works of Muhammad Haji Salleh
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Yaapar Md. Salleh
Published: May 2021

Muhammad Haji Salleh is a famous Malaysian poet laureate as well as a foremost post-colonial intellectual. This article is a critical analysis of the persona and vision of the poet in his quest to construct his identity and to sustain the Malay language and literary heritage, as may be understood from his works and efforts since the 1970s. It is an expose of a laureate’s motivations behind his creativity. In dealing with Muhammad’s literary corpus, the article adopts a multi- and cross-disciplinary approach in combining literary criticism with elements of psychoanalysis, philosophy, politics, etc. These elements encapsulate the post-colonial quest of identity-forming, a subject that lies at the core of this article. The “empire writes back” perspective allows an in-depth analysis of motivation, migration and identity-formation as a way to reclaim resources –both tangible and intangible– from the colonisers. Thus, the discussion critically presents insights into the contexts and influences on Muhammad’s works, and in turn, his role in sustaining the Malay language and literary heritage. Keywords: Malay language, Malays literature, post-colonial quest, identity, sustainability
On Class and Identity Politics
Authors: Lentin Alana , Streeck Wolfgang
Published: May 2021

In political sociology, the poverty of the conclusions reached by venerable academics is the result of a failure to place a critical analysis of race at the heart of mainstream scholarship.
Three for the Road
Authors: Bernstein Jeremy
Published: May 2021

In this compendium piece, Jeremy Bernstein delves into the background and implications of ideas such as particle scattering, quantum entanglement, and the reality of Planck numbers.
Basic Building Blocks
Authors: Lobina David , Boeckx Cedric
Published: May 2021

To gain insight into the evolutionary trajectory of complex human traits like language, ought we to decompose what prima facie look like complex human abilities into basic building blocks?
Lehrerbildung mit der Praxis – Lehrerbildung für die Praxis
Authors: Schreiber Christof
Published: May 2021

Vorgestellt wird die Konzeption eines Seminars im Rahmen der Lehrerbildung für die Primarstufe, an dem neben den Studierenden auch Lehrkräfte im Vorbereitungsdienst und Lehrkräfte aus Schulen teilnehmen. Die Studierenden planen gemeinsam mit den Beteiligten aus der Praxis Mathematikunterricht, führen diesen durch und reflektieren die Durchführung im gemeinsamen Seminar. Dabei finden die Unterrichtsszenarien mit digitalen Medien statt. Einzelne Szenarien werden im Beitrag beispielhaft beschrieben.
Tablet-Apps zwischen K.O. und O.K.
Authors: Walter Daniel , Rink Roland
Published: May 2021

Das Thema Digitalisierung erfährt sowohl in formellen als auch informellen Settings seit einigen Jahren immer größere Aufmerksamkeit. Dabei sind es vor allem Tablet-Apps, denen vor allem im Grundschulbereich besondere Lernchancen für das Lernen im Fach Mathematik beigemessen werden. Die Auswahl passender Apps ist dabei zumeist eine erste Herausforderung für die Planung digital gestützten Unterrichts. Daher werden im Beitrag zunächst Kriterien zur Analyse von Apps vorgestellt, bevor einerseits marktführende und andererseits weniger stark verbreitete Apps entlang der beschriebenen Kriterien analysiert werden.
Mathematik aus der Sache heraus – Wie viel Mathematik steckt im Kräuterbeet?
Authors: Wellensiek Nicole
Published: May 2021

In diesem Beitrag wird die Mathematik von der Sache her betrachtet. Es soll aufgezeigt werden, wie Situationen und Themen aus dem Alltag von Grundschulkindern zu sinnvollen und motivationsfördernden Lernanlässen im Mathematikunterricht werden können. Einerseits lässt sich mathematisches Interesse über Realsituationen leicht wecken, andererseits ergeben sich aus der Komplexität der Themen besondere Schwierigkeiten im Unterricht. Dieser Problematik wird häufig durch eine Reduktion und Vereinfachung der Sachinhalte begegnet, was Sachinformationen verfälschen kann und ggf. zum "Sinnverlust" der Sache führt. Dieser Artikel möchte aufzeigen, wie ein realitätsnaher, sinnstiftender Mathematikunterricht durch Methoden wie Handlungsorientierung und Natürlicher Differenzierung auch in heterogenen Lerngruppen gelingen kann. Im zweiten Teil des Beitrags werden diese Überlegungen an einem Beispiel im Kontext "Eigene Kräuter pflanzen" weiter konkretisiert und veranschaulicht.
ADUBAÇÃO VERDE COM CROTALÁRIA JUNCEA EM ÁREAS DE IMPLANTAÇÃO OU REFORMA DE CANAVIAIS, EM PEQUENAS PROPRIEDADES RURAIS
Authors: Oliveira Mauro Wagner , Nascif Christiano , Oliveira Terezinha Bezerra Albino , Rodrigues Thiago Camacho , Assis Wesley Oliveira , Santos Dalmo de Freitas , Moura Sara Camylla de Souza
Published: May 2021

Na maioria das pequenas propriedades rurais, especialmente nas de agricultura familiar, a cana-de-açúcar é cultivada para a alimentação de ruminantes, de monogástricos e humana. Nestas pequenas propriedades, o corte, o carregamento e o transporte da cana-de-açúcar demandam grande quantidade de horas de recursos humanos e, estes constituem isoladamente o item de maior percentual de custo e de desgaste físico dos agricultores nessa cultura. Em canaviais mais produtivos, estes custos são proporcionalmente menores, portanto, há necessidade de implementar medidas que assegurem alta produtividade no ciclo de cana-planta e pequenos decréscimos nos ciclos posteriores, para que o rendimento dos fatores de produção “terra, capital e trabalho” sejam elevados, repercutindo em menor custo de produção. A adubação verde com crotalária juncea nas áreas de reforma ou de implantação do canavial pode contribuir para o aumento da produtividade da cana-de-açúcar, principalmente nos dois primeiros cortes. Neste capítulo são apresentados resultados de estudos conduzidos pelos autores, na zona da mata Mineira. Os tópicos são relacionados a fisiologia da crotalária juncea, a correção da acidez do solo, as épocas de semeadura, as taxas de crescimento e a cobertura do solo, ao acúmulo e ciclagem de nutrientes e, ao aumento da produtividade da cana-de-açúcar nas áreas onde houve o cultivo desse adubo verde antecedendo a implantação do canavial. Pelos resultados apresentados concluiu-se que a adubação verde com crotalária juncea nas áreas de reforma ou implantação de canaviais contribui para o aumento da produtividade de cana-de-açúcar e para o uso mais eficiente dos fatores de produção.
DIAGNOSE FOLIAR DE POTÁSSIO EM CULTIVARES DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR SOB IRRIGAÇÃO SUBTERRÂNEA: FOLHA +1 E +3
Authors: Alves Thayane Leonel , Barbosa José de Arruda , Lemos Evandro Freire , Dalri Alexandre Barcellos , Bertino Antônio Michael Pereira , Viana Jonathan dos Santos
Published: May 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar a diferença do estado nutricional de potássio em cultivares de cana de açúcar sob irrigação subterrânea por meio da coleta da folha+1 e folha+3. O experimento consistiu em três fatores de manejo de irrigação e cinco cultivares de cana-de-açúcar, sendo eles irrigação suplementar, irrigação deficitária e sequeiro e as cultivares de cana-de-açúcar estudadas foram CTC4, IAC3046, IAC1099, IAC5000 e RB8515. As doses de adubos aplicadas foram 180 kg ha-1 de N, 240 kg ha-1 de K2O, 90 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e 45 kg ha-1 de S. Nos tratamentos irrigados, as aplicações dos fertilizantes foram realizadas via água de irrigação e no sequeiro foram aplicados manualmente. Foram coletadas 102 amostras de folha +3 e 102 amostras da folha+1, sendo que cada amostra foi constituída de 6 folhas coletadas aletoriamente em cada parcela. De um modo geral, pode-se afirmar que os regimes de irrigação (50% e 100% da Etc) não alteram as concentrações de potássio na folha +3 e +1 e a concentração de potássio da folha +1 e +3 foram maiores no regime de sequeiro.
MEJORAMIENTO GENÉTICO PARTICIPATIVO: HERRAMIENTAS PARA UNA PRODUCCIÓN SUSTENTABLE DE MAÍZ CRIOLLO (ZEA MAYS L.) EN YUCATÁN
Authors: Pierre Jacques Fils
Published: May 2021

En Yucatán, México, hasta el momento, la selección de variedades de maíz no se ha tenido muy en cuenta el interés de los milperos en participar en el proceso de mejoramiento genético del maíz. Sin embargo, los agricultores milperos de la península de Yucatán tienen la capacidad de seleccionar variedades de cultivos que se adapten a sus entornos, priorizando sus gustos y a la misma vez, preservando las variedades que representan un valor cultural para ellos. El maíz se constituye como uno de los cultivos fundamentales del sistema de la milpa maya en el estado de Yucatán, sin embargo, las variedades criollas cultivadas no presentan características de interés a los productores locales tales como aumento en rendimiento en grano, mayor resistencia a plagas y enfermedades y finalmente plantas que presentan mayor tolerancia a estrés hídrico. Todo eso conlleva al abandono de esta actividad por parte de jóvenes, lo que pone en peligro sostenibilidad y la existencia del sistema milpero y la seguridad alimentaria de las familias rurales del estado de Yucatán. Basado en la importancia de este cultivo para las familias rurales de la península de Yucatán, este documento propone el uso de la metodología de investigación participativa, usando el fitomejoramiento participativo como una alternativa, capaz de contribuir a la autosostenibilidad de la producción de semilla mejorada y en la obtención de variedades de maíz mejor adaptadas al sistema de la milpa maya del estado de Yucatán. Esta revisión contribuirá a la necesidad de implementar estos tipos de investigaciones con un enfoque participativa, en el cual los agricultores milperos en asociación con los investigadores científicos tendrán la oportunidad de seleccionar variedades locales con características de mayor preferencia de los productores locales. Por lo tanto, es de suma importancia incluir a los agricultores en un proceso de selección de variedades.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE PATÓGENOS CAUSADORES DE PODRIDÃO MOLE EM BATATA
Authors: Mota Helena Beatriz da Silva , Nascimento Wallace Veríssimo , Pontes Nadson de Carvalho , Fujinawa Miriam Fumiko , Yamada Jaqueline Kiyomi , Megguer Clarice Aparecida
Published: May 2021

As bactérias do gênero Pectobacterium causam o sintoma de podridão mole em tubérculos, tecidos ou na haste da planta provocando grandes perdas. Objetivou-se com este trabalho identificar a fonte do inóculo causador da doença e se haviam diferenças genômicas entre esses ao decorrer do ciclo da batata. Amostras foram coletadas no momento do plantio (batata semente), na amontoa e em pós colheita. O material amostrado foi acondicionado em embalagens com alta umidade e armazenado em câmara BOD, à 25 C. Após o aparecimento dos sintomas de podridão mole foi realizado o isolamento e em seguida a extração de DNA genômico. Foi realizada a reação de PCR e em seguida analisado por eletroforese em gel de agarose e visualizado com brometo de etídeo por iluminação UV. Foi possível identificar o polimorfismo entre os isolados obtidos nas diferentes áreas e em diferentes estádios da cultura da batata. Logo percebe-se que a fonte do inóculo e o patógeno não são os mesmos ao decorrer do ciclo da cultura.