bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy of Katibasti and yog basti in the management of Katigraha (lumbar spondylosis)
Authors: Lone Sachin
Published: April 2021

Katigraha is degenerative condition in which affecting vertebral bodies, and vertebral discs and its associates with lumbar spine. We can correlate katishoola with lumbar spondylosis, Low back pain affects approximately 60.85% of adults during some point of their life and 10% of this is because of Lumbar Spondylosis (LS).   In current study, the assessment of kati basti  and yog basti in the management of Kati Graha with special reference to Lumbar spondylasis  has been attempted on a patient female patient  has age of 50yrs. having signs and symptoms of L.S. were selected and were administered katibasti and yogbasti for a period of 8 days. Highly significant results were observed and improvement in cardinal symptoms of Kati Graha was observed. It also provided highly significant results in improving range of movements rand pain intensity this procedure appears to provide good clinical improvement in pacifying pure Vataja Kati Graha.
A clinical trial of feeding tube with metallic guide wire insertion for â€˜Ksharsutraâ€™ technique in a case of fistula in ano.
Authors: Sadafule Radha
Published: April 2021

â€˜Kshar-sutraâ€™ therapy in cases of fistula in ano, despite a long medical history of credentials & conduct, still possess a challenge to medical fraternity in terms of finding a satisfactory cure of the disease.
â€˜Ksharsutraâ€™ is a popular treatment modality in India for the management of fistula in ano. It works by the action of excision, scraping, draining, penetrating, debridement & sclerosing as well as healing simultaneously without surgical excision.
The conventional method to insert a ksharsutra by using a metallic probe through an external opening may cause pain and discomfort to the patients. In some cases, this intervention is not possible without general anesthesia. The Ksharsutra may be inserted through an external opening by using an infant feeding tube (no.5 or 6) with the metallic guide wire to finding out the track easily & keep it in the track steady without causing pain as a day care procedure.
"Vyadhi Vyavashedatmak study of types of Grahani Vyadhi by evaluating Samprapti"
Authors: Shinde Pallavi , Amle Deepali
Published: April 2021

Vyavaschedaka Nidan is distinguishing of particular disease or condition from other that present with similar clinical features.1 Grahani vyadhi  is one of the Mahagada,Grahani Avayava  is related to Jatharagni (digestive fire) and supported by the strength of Agni.2 Kha Vaigunyatmtak vikriti at Grahani Predesh is responsible for Grahani vyadhi.Acharya  described four types of Grahani in Grahanichikitsa Aadhya i.e Vataj, pittaj, kahaj,Sannipaik Grahani.3 Each type of Grahani vyadhi can be consider as a separate vyadhi.By understanding the Samprapti of different type of Grahani and Lakshanas develops accordingly can be beneficial for Samprapti vightanatmak chikitsa.
To study the relation between constipation and Majja dhatu mala, a literary review.
Authors: Chandak Ravin , More Anand B.
Published: April 2021

Constipation is major problem in the society. It refers to bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass1The stool  is often hard and dry may be associated with abdominal pain ,bloating , and feeling of  incomplete evacuation. Constipation may cause hemorrhoids or anal fissures. Forceful evacuation or taking  purgatives to pass the stool is very common thing we found in society. Actually passage of stool is very natural process and it should not be forced or painful. But it should be like hot knife cut through butter. According to Ayurveda stool is the solid waste generated after digestion of food , it is called as major digestion. As well as in the minor digestion i.e. metabolic leveled digestion Majja Dhatu Mala (waste product in formation of Majja Dhatu) is generated, which helps smooth passage of stool.
An Ayurvedic Review on Diabetes mellitus (Madhumeha)
Authors: Shinde Vishal
Published: April 2021

Today's era is dominated by disorders of life style and Ayurveda is the best solution to these disorders. Ayurveda is often referred as â€œScience of life" but it is more of a science that deals with prevention of mental & physical disorders. It is one of the oldest systems of medicine. Prameha, as described by Acharya Charka & Sushruta is one of the disorders that have emerged out of urban life style. The causes and symptomatology of Madhumeha described few thousand years back run parallel with the causes of Diabetes Mellitus mentioned by the system of modern medicine. Hence, Madhumeha can be co-related with diabetes mellitus. In all, 20 types of Prameha have been described based on the predominance of Vata, Pitta & Kapha. 1' Madhumeha' is a subtype of Vataja prameha2. There are four types of Vataja Prameha i.e. Vasameha , Majjameha, Hastimeha and Madhumeha. Ayurveda includes Prameha amongst Ashto Mahagada4. It is of two kinds viz one due to vata vriddhi caused by dhatu kshaya and another by vata vriddhi caused by obstruction of channels of vata by other doshas5.
Clinical Efficacy of Ayurvedic Management in Digital Eye Strain and Visual Fatigue.
Authors: MAGAR DR .SUNITA VIJAY
Published: April 2021

With an increase in digital technology many individuals suffer from physical eye discomfort, visual fatigue, dry eye after screen use for longer than two hours of  a time. The Vision Council refers to this collection of symptoms  as digital eye strain. The Vision Councilâ€™s 2014 Digital Eye Strain Report suggests that nearly 70 percent of American adults experiences some form of digital eye strain due to prolonged use of electronic devices including desktop and laptop computers, smart phones, e-readers, television and video games. The study found that adults are most likely to experience digital eye strain in between 6 P.M to 9 P.M .The number of staff subjected to a  significant amounts of on-screen work with digital eye strain and visual fatigue is currently increasing. Improper use of sense organs, violating the moral code of conduct, and the effect of the time are the three basic causative factors behind all the health problems. No remedial measures for the cure of this pathology prevail in the domain of modern medicine except using ocular surface lubricants and computer glasses. In spite of remarkable progress and advances in the field of modern ophthalmology .On critical analysis of the symptoms of  Digital Eye Strain on Tridosha theory of Ayurveda, it seems to be a Vataâ€“Pittaja ocular cum systemic disease.. Jeevantyadi Ghrita (orally),Jeevantyadi Ghrita Netra Tarpana (topically) and counseling regarding proper working conditions on computer were tried in 30 patients, suffering with Digital eye strain. In group I ,where oral and local treatment was given, significant improvement in all the symptoms of  Digital eye strain was observed  whereas in groups II  and III  local treatment and counseling regarding proper working conditions, respectively, were given and showed insignificant results.The study verified the hypothesis that  Digital Eye Strain in Ayurvedic perspective is a Vata-Pittaja disease affecting mainly eyes and body as a whole and needs a systemic intervention rather than topical ocular medication only.
Role of Vamana Karma in the management of Urdhwaga Amlapitta.
Authors: Gupta Niraj N. , Kulkarni Savita A.
Published: April 2021

In present era, changes in life style and food habits leads to imbalance of sharirika doshas, as well as mansik doshas which is the cause for Amlapitta . Amlapitta is one of the most common disease seen in the society. In the ancient text books of Ayurveda it is described that irregular food and life style habits are the main causative factors for the disease. There are two types of Pitta, Prakruta and Vidagadha. The Rasa of Prakruta Pitta is Katu and Vidagdha Pitta is Amla. The Amla Guna of Pitta increases in its Vidagdha Avastha, which further leads to increase in its Drava Guna, thus resulting in Amlapitta.
Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the role of Vamana Karma in Urdhwaga Amlapitta.
Method: A clinical study done on 90 patients of both sexes, between age group 16-60yeras were randomly selected. Madanaphala pippali churna along with Yashtimadhu phanta was administered for Vamana Karma. Vamana Karma was done in following order- Purvakarma, Pradhana and Paschata Karma. Assessment was done after completion of therapy.
Result: By Vamana karma, kapha & pitta may expel out from amashaya (stomach) thereby uprooting pitta dosha. Significant improvement was observed in all the parameters like Amlodgar, Tiktodgar, Urahdaha, Kukshidaha, Kanthadaha, Hriddaha, Adhman, Gaurava. In all the patient percentage relief on symptoms has been observed. This shows that Vaman Karma is effective in Urdhwaga Amlapitta.
â€œ Effect of Apamarga Kshara Pratisarana followed by Jatyadi Tail Pichu on Cervical Erosion - A Case study â€
Authors: Patil Netra Kashinath
Published: April 2021

Since evolution of life,woman has been placed on extreme worship place due to her ability of Janan. Preparation of motherhood starts with puberty & ends with menopause. In this period,woman may suffer from different gynaecological disorders affecting child bearing capacity. Cervical erosion is one of the gynaecological conditions in woman of reproductive age group. It adversely affects physiological as well as psychological health of female & even interfers with the professional life & may also cause infertility. So, it is major problem in front of gynaecologists.
            Cervical erosion is a condition, where the squamous epithelium of the ectocervix is replaced by columnar epithelium. It causes excessive mucoid discharge per vagina. Electrocauterization & cryosurgery for management of cervical erosion are based on principle of destruction of columnar epithelium to be followed by itâ€™s healing by squamous epithelium.
           Ayurvedic classics defined use of Shodhana dravyas in treatment of Karnini Yonivyapada. Many preparations can be used for management of cervical erosion by considering factors such as parity, age & desire of patient with regard to contraception, future pregnancy etc. which are non-hormonal, non-surgical & most effective without side effects. Among these, Apamarga Kshara for destruction & Jatyadi Tail Pichu for healing was selected in the present study.
Review of Literature of Mrityunjaya Rasa â€“ A Herbo-mineral Ayurvedic Formulation
Authors: Jagtap Gayatri Ashok
Published: April 2021

Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana is one of the branch of ayurveda that deals with the pharmaceutical processing, preparation of compound medicines and therapeutic utility of herbal drugs, metals and minerals. Mrityunjaya Rasa is one such Kharaliya herbo-mineral formulation mentioned in various Ayurvedic text. Mrityunjaya Rasa is commonly indicated in Jwara Chikitsa (Fever). Even there are reference to be used in disease such as Prameha (Diabetes mellitus), Kshaya (Tuberculosis), Vajikaran (Aphrodasiac), etc. Though variation is observed in the description of these Kharaliya Rasayana and compilation of these will help to study in comparative manner.
Effect of Virechan Karma in the management of Oligoasthenozoospermia (Shukradushti): A Case Report
Authors: Tare Akshata L
Published: April 2021

Background : Low sperm count (oligozoospermia) and reduced motility of sperms (asthenozoospermia) is the main causes of male infertility and  it is correlated with Shukrdushti ( Vitiation of sperms) and is a problem of global proportions. Worldwide infertility is affecting on an average 8 â€“ 12 % of couples. Infertile men may higher risk of developing other health problems such as diabetes, heart diseases and substance abuse disorders. Ayurveda advocated that, to produce a progeny four things are necessary i.e. Ritu (Reproductive age and ovulation period), Kshetra(Female reproductive tract), Ambu(nutritional factors) and Bija (Sperm and ovum). If there is Dushti (disturbance) in any one of the above factors it would lead into infertility. The modern medical field has now started realizing its importance and a new branch known as Andrology has been developed recently which is still in the progress of producing a satisfactory management for the current problem. Virechana (medically induced purgation) is one among the five cleansing procedure described in Ayurveda which is said to be beneficial in reliving the disturbances of Dosha (bodily humour) & Dhatus (body tissue). Shukra being on among the seven Dhatus, Virechana has a significant potential to relieve the Vitiation/disturbances in it. Aim: To access the efficacy of Virechana in the management of Oligoasthenozoospermia. Materials & methods : The present case study is upon a 35 years old, dignosed case of oligoasthenozoospermia who attended the Panchakarma OPD at Late Kedari Redekar Ayu Mah Gadhinglaj, Kolhapur. Virechana was done as per the classical method. Assessment was done after Virechana and after 15 days of follow up. Results : The sperm analysis showed an increase of Total sperm count from 01 million/ml to 68  million/ml. Conclusion: Virechana procedure has shown an effective and safe method of increasing the sperm count to a significant level along with the increase in sperm motility. Hence the therapy might may be of significant benefits in patients suffering from oligoasthenozoospermia.
VAMANA KARMA IN SHALAKYA TANTRA - A LITERARY REVIEW
Authors: WAGHMARE GANGAPRASAD ANANTRAO , Suru Prashant A
Published: April 2021

Abstract -
          Vamana Karma, also known as â€œmedical emesisâ€ or â€œmedical vomitingâ€, is one of the five Procedures of Panchakarma which is used in treatment of Kaphaj disorders. Panchakarma procedure is the most essential part of Ayurveda treatments. In Ayurved diseases of Ear,Nose,Throat & Head And Eye And their Management are studied in Branch Which is Called as Shalakya Tantra.
Now a days Shalakya (ENT & Ophthalmic) Diseases are Major Concerned Because patient does not want to go for surgical procedure. Looking towards Ayurved, there are lot of Panchakarma Procedures Advocated for Shalakya (ENT & Ophthalmic) disorders. Among this Panchakarma Procedure Vaman Karma (medical emesis) is the Primary Procedure.
 
Key Words- Vaman procedure/ Karma, Panchakarma,Shalakya Tantra, Medical emesis or Vomiting ,Kaphaj disorders,Ayurvedic Management for ENT & Ophthalmic Diseases.
MANAGEMENT OF SIRASHAITHILYA AND SIRAJANYA DUSTA VRANA W.S.R. TO VARICOSE VEIN AND VARICOSE ULCER-A CASE STUDY
Authors: Maske Vitthal Ravindra
Published: April 2021

A vein is called as a varicose vein when it is dilated and tortious.varicose vein mostly occur due to incompetence of their valve .The basic cause of varicose ulcer is abnormal valve hypertension in lower third of legs on its medial side .
According to Ayurveda, the pathology of varicose vein is due to Mans shaithilya and Rakta Dushti which further leads to varicose ulcer.
In this case study, the patient was treated with Panchtikta Ghrit Guggulu Vati orally and Local application of Panchvalkala ointment.
In Panchtikta Ghrit Guggulu Vati, most of the contents are tikta rasa pradhana so it helps to reduce the rakta dushti and mans-sthirikaran ultimately it helps to reduce varicose vein. In Panchvalkala ointment, all the contents are Kashaya Rasa Pradhan which helps in the shodhana and ropana of the varicose ulcer15.
Management of kitibha kustha (Psoriasis)â€“a case study
Authors: Mane Sandeep gorakh , Mane Bhavana sandeep
Published: April 2021

Today is HD (high definition)mobile era .peoples are more conscious about their health and skin also though multimedia .Usually 10-15% cases present before general practitioners are pertaining to skin diseases. Due to altered life style, lack of physical exercise, unhygienic, mental stress, over eating, nutrition deficiency ,more radiation  skin diseases are commonly observed. Psoriasis is chronic disorder which is commonly encountered in day todayâ€™s clinical practices. It is one of the more discussing  issues having social importance. Increased stress ,inorganic food materials and  sedentary life style are main predisposing factor which is accounting for wide spared prevalence of this disease. All the skin diseases in Ayurveda have been discussed under the broad heading of Kushta, which are further divided into Mahakustha and Kshudra Kushta. This is  a case study of Kitibha Kushta (Psoriasis) treated with the Ayurvedic principles in particular Shodhana Chikitsa and shaman chikitsa.
Conceptual study of Ranjak pitta on the basis of modern science parameters
Authors: Metake Ajit Dattatray
Published: April 2021

Background:  Aim of this study, is to correlate the ayurvedic concept of ranjak pitta with its modern science counterpart. Methods: analysis of ranjak pitta according to ayurvedic literature and comparing or correlating it with similar functional modern science parameter with the help of modern science literature. Ranjak pitta is type of pitta who with help of rasa dhatvagni (type of metabolic power) colours rasa dhatu (plasma) red to convert it in rakta dhatu(blood).  Discussion: After analysing both ayurvedic and modern science literature the action of ranjak pitta stated in ayurvedic texts can be correlated to combine action of ferrochelatase, apotransferrin, transferrin, apoferritin, ferritin. Conclusion: Combine action of ferrochelatase, transferrin, apotransferrin, ferritin, apoferritin is similar to action of ranjak pitta, hence they can be considered as single acting principle.
A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE RELATION BETWEEN STATUS OF JATHARAGNI AND SHAREERIKA BALA
Authors: Lone Dharmaraj Nagorao
Published: April 2021

Agni in impartial state is the important factor for maintaining the health, Agni is required for the proper digestion of food and nourishment of the body tissues, so agni can be considered as symbol of life. Bala is the physical and mental strength of individual.
Jatharagni is chief among panch bhutagni and sapta dhatvagni. Agnibala & shareerika bala varies in respective rutu as in varsha & greeshma it is avara, in vasanta & sharad is madhyama and in hemanta & shishira is pravara.
The last seven days of a previous season and the first seven days of the next season called as rutusandhi. During rutusandhi the nature of dosha, jatharagni & shareerika bala is unstable. So study was undertaken to evaluate the relation between status of Jatharagni and Shareerika bala.
OBJECTIVES

To establish relationship between Jatharagni & shareerika bala in ritusandhi kala (vasanta- greeshma and sharad hemanta).
To evaluate status of Jatharagni in ritusandhi kala viz. Vasanta & Greeshma (Adanakala) and Sharad & Hemanta (Visargakala).
To evaluate the status of shareerika bala in ritusandhi kala viz. Vasanta & Greeshma (Adanakala) and Sharad & Hemanta (Visargakala).

 
METHODS
Healthy 150 volunteers were selected for the study in both vasanta- greeshma and sharad- hemanta rutusandhi and jatharagni bala & shareerika bala was assessed.
RESULTS
Results show significant relation between jatharagni bala and shareerika bala in vasanta greeshma & sharad- hemanta rutusandhi.
INERPRETATION/CONCLUSION
Somers d test & spearmanâ€™s correlation test was performed to determine the relation between jatharagni bala and shareerika bala in vasanta greeshma & sharad hemanta rutusandhi. Majority of subjects prevailed with Madhyama jatharagni bala & shareerika bala. It indicates positive correlation between the jatharagni bala and shareerika bala.
Keyword:   Jatharagni, Rutusandhi, Shareerika bala.
Evaluation of Bal-Parikshan according to Harvard step test
Authors: Mehetre Sunil Tulshiramji
Published: April 2021

Acharya Charak has elaborately given importance to Bal-Parikshan in Dashavidha-Pariksha of Vimansthan. According to him Bala can be measured by Vyayamshakti. He has given some glimpse to measure Bala with reference to Vyayam.
Now a days in modern science measurement of Fitness and a personâ€™s ability to recover after a strenuous exercise can be measured by Harvard step test and it is considered as one type of Vyayam( Exercise). This test was conducted for 1st year BAMS students and classification of fitness according to fatigue index is presented in the full paper.
A SYSTAMATIC REVIEW OF KANGAROO MOTHER CARE TO PROMOTE LBW CARE AND REDUCE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN PRETERM.
Authors: Ahirrao Nikhil Yuvraj
Published: April 2021

Kangaroo mother care is low cost method of care for low birth weight baby or premature infants in areas with inadequate warmer or NICU care. Preterm birth is one of the leading causes of under-five child deaths worldwide and in india also. Kangaroo mother care is powerful and easy to use method to promote health and well-being and reduce morbidity and mortality in preterm/ low birth weight babies.
A literary review on pandu vyadhi in ayurveda
Authors: Chaudhari Vasudha S. , Mhaske Rajesh
Published: April 2021

Panduroga is a disease, which is commonly found in our country. It is seen that nutritional deficiency is the major etiological factor of this disease in the developing countries like India. The incidence of the disease in both sexes is large but females are majorly affected. Panduroga is probably the most common disorder seen in human being. Although it is commonest where malnutrition or deficiency but it is also found in overnutriated peoples. In Ayurveda panduroga has been described in all Samhita in details. Systemic review of Panduroga from all the classics of Ayurveda.
Capítulo 1. Ampliación y cohesión en mundos transficcionales
Authors: Pearson Roberta
Published: April 2021

Los extensos y amplios universos de ficción construidos sobre una acumulación de múltiples textos han existido durante milenios; los dioses griegos, el dios cristiano, Robin Hood y el rey Arturo son solo algunos ejemplos de la tendencia de la humanidad hacia la forma narrativa. Narratólogos y estudiosos de los medios han abordado las relaciones narrativas e industriales en algunos universos de ficción expandidos. Sin embargo, se ha prestado menos atención a los factores narrativos e industriales específicos que permiten estrategias de producción particulares en la creación de ampliaciones. Unas ampliaciones que son aceptadas por los consumidores como parte de los universos de ficción establecidos previamente. Este capítulo ofrece algunas hipótesis acerca de la producción de estrategias de ampliación y cohesión en diferentes tipos de universos de ficción, utilizando para tal fin los casos de Sherlock Holmes, Batman y Star Trek. Palabras clave: Sherlock Holmes, Batman, Star Trek, Ampliación Diegética, Intertextualidad, Narratología.
Capítulo 11. Bienvenida ternura. Emoción y narración en la nueva sinceridad televisiva.
Authors: Martínez Marín Irene
Published: April 2021

El objetivo principal de este capítulo es la caracterización de un fenómeno audiovisual reciente que definiremos como nueva sinceridad televisiva, es decir, el traslado de los valores de una cinematografía post-pop (Wes Anderson, Richard Linklater, Sofia Coppola) a la pequeña pantalla. En primer lugar veremos cómo la apuesta por el formato serial favorece la expresión de emociones complejas al mismo tiempo que cumple con las intenciones artísticas de estos directores de explorar la vida afectiva de sus personajes. Para ello, se propondrá un modelo narrativo de emociones con el fin de justificar esta transición del cine a la televisión. Nuestro caso de estudio será la nostalgia, entendida esta como una emoción narrativa autobiográfica. Una emoción comúnmente enmarcada en la categoría de emociones sentimentales pero que, en la nueva sinceridad, adquiere una dimensión reflexiva aportando valor estético y ético salvando así a este conjunto de series de las acusaciones propias del sentimentalismo. Palabras clave: Estética Analítica, Filosofía De Las Emociones, Nostalgia, Sentimentalismo, Nueva Sinceridad.
Capítulo 2. Adaptación, remediación, narrativa transmedia, ¿y qué más? El caso de los universos de Marvel y DC Comics en el cine y la televisión
Authors: Brembilla Paola , Pescatore Guglielmo
Published: April 2021

Los universos de los cómics se han convertido en filones inagotables para explotar a través de estrategias y fórmulas diferenciadas que ya muestran los principios del cross-media y el cross-marketing. ¿Cuál es la diferencia, entonces, con las adaptaciones contemporáneas? Nuevas estrategias y procesos de producción, posibles por el sistema de holdings que permite unificar las empresas diversificadas y marcas bajo el nombre de una sola empresa matriz, han facilitado la producción integrada y coordinada de estos universos expandidos, en lugar de productos individuales conectados entre sí a través de modalidades de transposición y estructuración narrativa tradicionales. En este capítulo nos proponemos volver sobre esas modalidades (documentación, adaptación, remediación y narrativa transmedia) y sus paradigmas teóricos con el fin de explorarlas críticamente mediante el análisis de estos universos. A través del estudio de caso del «Marvel Cinematic Universe» y del «DC Extended Universe» también se propone la aplicación de un nuevo paradigma de análisis: el de los ecosistemas narrativos.Palabras clave: Transmedia, Adaptación, Marvel cómics, DC cómics, Ecosistemas Narrativos.
Capítulo 6. «A moment before you need more happiness»: Mad Men, Haynes y Douglas Sirk.
Authors: Re Valentina
Published: April 2021

Este capítulo analiza cómo el cine y las series de televisión de las últimas décadas han retomado, actualizado y reelaborado los melodramas realizados en Hollywood por Douglas Sirk y, por consiguiente, las categorías del melodrama familiar y melodrama femenino. El enfoque elegido intenta invertir el concepto de influencia: en realidad, no se trata de comprender cómo el cine de Sirk influye en formas cinematográficas o televisivas contemporáneas, sino más bien examinar cómo las narraciones audiovisuales pueden hoy reactivar aspectos del cine de Sirk y renegociar su sentido. La perspectiva que se pretende adoptar, por lo tanto, tiene que ser doble. Por una parte, se trata de comprender cómo un género, resurge hoy en la producción contemporánea, con qué valor, y con qué discurso, tanto respecto al pasado como al presente. Por otra parte, se trata de evaluar cómo este resurgimiento va a incidir a su vez en la definición y en las formas de disfrute de los objetos del pasado, modificando el marco a través del cual accedemos a éstos y realizamos nuestras lecturas.Palabras clave: Melodrama, Douglas Sirk, Mad Men, Todd Haynes, Géneros Audiovisuales.
FENOMENA CADAR DALAM PROSES HIJRAH (Analisa Hukum dan Presepsi Masyarakat Pengguna Cadar)
Authors: Somantri Ace
Published: April 2021

The issue of radicalism and fundamentalism is still in the news aimed at Muslims. The phenomenon of hijrah has become a trend among the Muslim community, Anis Baswedan responded positively as an indication of the awakening of Islam, but there are differences of opinion, according to Ahmad Muzaki that the phenomenon of hijrah must have assistance in order to avoid entering the door of their version of terrorism. One of the phenomena of hijrah is that many Muslim women use the veil / niqob. The formulation of the problem that is used as the limitation of this study is more focused on understanding Islamic law and perceptions of the use of the veil / niqob among the hijrah community. The research method used is through a descriptive qualitative approach. The results showed that there was a diversity of opinions regarding the use of the niqab / veil, giving rise to a diversity of beliefs about the perfection of Muslims (for Muslim women) in believing by using the niqab / veil. Muslim communities who are in the process of hijrah believe that faith is an absolute necessity and must be present in every Muslim. As a consequence of this faith, Muslims are obliged to carry out the stipulated syari'at, including in terms of dress.
Self Regulation pada Remaja dalam Perspektif Islam (cara pandang dalam perspektif Psikologi dan Agama Islam menghadapi usia remaja dan problematikanya)
Authors: Utari Riyanda
Published: April 2021

The adolescent phase is a dynamic development stage where in this condition the demands of the environment require that adolescents can begin to prepare themselves to accept and carry out their responsibilities as adults but with inadequate physical, cognitive, social status conditions and are still in the transition phase of childhood. So, many interesting things happen in this phase. Including the brilliant achievements and deviations that occurred in this phase, and this is related to self-regulation. In psychology, the adolescent phase is a world where people are constantly looking for their identity, self-proof and the need for environmental recognition. In Islam, adolescence is the initial stage of a person to be able to determine the purpose of his life. Life experiences are used as a basis for practicing deciding, considering and processing information obtained in solving existing problems. Planning is an important asset in the lives of adolescents so that what they make of decisions has been the result of careful and directed consideration.
P PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TiO2-POWDER TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COD PADA LIMBAH SINTETIS C.I. REACTIVE RED 2 DENGAN METODE FOTOKATALISIS
Authors: Sari Melati Ireng
Published: April 2021

Berkembangnya industri Tekstil di Indonesia, berdampak dengan meningkatnya penggunaan berbagai zat warna. Zat warna sintetis masih mendominasi penggunaannya karena memiliki banyak keunggulan antara lain harganya murah, mudah diperoleh dan variasi warnya banyak. Namun, penggunaan zat warna sintetis dapat menimbulkan dampak yang serius bagi lingkungan, karena zat warna sintetis sulit terurai di alam khususnya kadar Chemical Oxide Demand (COD). Oleh karena itu, dilakukanlah penelitian untuk mengurangi kadar COD tersebut menggunakan Titanium Oksida (TiO2) bubuk dengan metode fotokatalisis. Konsentrasi zat warna C.I. Reactive Red 2  yang digunakan adalah 150 ppm dan 300 ppm dengan 2 g/l, 4g/l, dan 6 g/l  katalis TiO2. Analisa COD menggunakan metode Ferri Amonium Sulfat (FAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penuruan kadar COD tertinggi terjadi pada jam ke-12  penyinaran pada 150 ppm limbah sintetis menggunakan 6 g/l yaitu sebesar 59%.
A ANALISIS KESTABILAN LERENG DENGAN METODE KESETIMBANGAN BATAS PADA LERENG HIGH WALL PIT 1 UTARA TAMBANG BANKO BARAT MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE GEOSTUDIO SLOPE/W 2018 DI PT BUKIT ASAM, Tbk. TANJUNG ENIM, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Sepriadi Sepriadi , Prastowo Andre Muhid
Published: April 2021

Sebelum melakukan kegiatan penambangan, untuk dapat memudahkan dalam proses produksi dilakukan suatu kegiatan, yaitu membuat rancangan desain lereng agar terjaminnya keamanan bagi para pekerja di area front kerja penambangan guna meminimalisir terjadinya kecelakaan kerja terutama pada daerah lereng yang erat kaitannya dengan kelongsoran. PT Bukit Asam, Tbk. menggunakan standar faktor keamanan lereng menurut klasifikasi Bowles (1984) dengan FK > 1,25 yang berarti lereng dalam keadaan stabil. Proses Pembuatan rencana desain lereng tambang ini dibantu dengan menggunakan software Geosudio Slope/W 2018 dengan menggukan metode kesetimbangan batas. Dalam pembuatan desain lereng harus diperhatikan tinggi bench , lebar berm , dan sudut tiap single slope maupun overall slope, semakin tinggi dan terjal suatu lereng maka nilai FK yang didapatkan akan semakin kecil begitu pula sebaliknya. Dalam menentukan nilai faktor keamanan lereng, terdapat beberapa faktor lainnya yang juga mempengaruhi nilai FK lereng, yaitu nilai masukan berupa unit weight, kohesi, dan sudut geser dalam. Hasil perhitungan nilai faktor keamanan lereng dengan menggunakan software Gesotudio Slope/W 2018 didapatkan nilai FK sebesar 2,096 yang berarti lereng dalam keadaan stabil pada siatuasi bulan Februari 2019. Desain Lereng dibuat untuk mendapatkan nilai FK optimum agar bahan galian dapat dimaksimalkan dengan memperhatikan faktor kemanan dan peraturan yang berlaku terhadap desain lereng yang akan dibuat. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu jarak crest terhadap sungai 50,4 m dengan sudut overall slope 28,25o dan nilai FK sebesar 1,259 yang menunjukkan bahwa lereng tersebut dalam keadaam stabil.
R RENCANA DESAIN BACKFILLING DAN PERHITUNGAN VOLUME MATERIAL TIMBUNAN MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE MINESCAPE 4.118 UNTUK MEMENUHI TARGET PRODUKSI
Authors: Sepriadi Sepriadi , Yuliana Riska
Published: April 2021

Proses rencana desain backfilling pada area pit Barat Muara Tiga Besar (MTB) dilakukan menggunakan software Minescape 4.118. Sebelum pembuatan desain disposal yang dipersiapkan ialah tinggi bench, lebar bench, kemiringan bench, lebar jalan angkut, dan peta situasi. Tahapan pembuatan desain disposal dimulai dari pembuatan boundary, pembuatan project dan offset, pembuatan triangles, pembuatan intersection desain disposal dan situasi, clip world, cross section, dan plotting. Perhitungan volume timbunan terdapat pada menu bar reserves (triangle cut and fill). Produksi overburden di pit Barat pada bulan April tahun 2019 dengan material clay siltstone menggunakan software Minescape 4.118 dengan menggunakan asumsi parameter sebesar 1.724.805,98 CCM dengan target produksi sebesar 1.700.000 CCM dan produksi di lapangan sesuai desain yang dibuat oleh pihak perusahaan sebesar 1.500.000 CCM. Selisih produksi tersebut disebabkan beberapa faktor, yaitu pengambilan point koordinat dari kegiatan tim survey, kondisi jalan, kondisi alat, kineja operator, dan pengawasan.
P PEMODELAN DESAIN PIT DAN SEQUENCE PENAMBANGAN BATUBARA UNTUK MEMENUHI TARGET PRODUKSI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE MINESCAPE 4.119 DI PT BUKIT ASAM, TBK. TANJUNG ENIM, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Martadinata Muhammad Aprikros Jumkil , Sepriadi Sepriadi
Published: April 2021

Pemodelan desain tambang ialah proses untuk mencapai (ultimate pit limit) dalam jangka waktu tertentu secara aman dan menguntungkan, urutan penambangan bulanan/tahunan, penjadwalan produksi dan waste dump. Tujuan pemodelan desain ialah untuk mempermudah penjadwalan produksi baik tahunan, bulanan hingga mingguan/harian. Sebelum pembuatan desain pit yang diperlukan adalah lebar bench,tinggi bench, kemiringan bench, lebar jalan angkut, serta peta situasi. Tahapan pembuatan desain pit diawali dari pembuatan boundary pit, pembuatan project and offset, pembuatan triangles, pembuatan intersection pit design dengan peta situasi, pembuatan clip world, pembuatan cross section, pembuatan plotting, serta perhitungan reserves. Produksi batubara pada pit Barat bulan April 2019 sebesar 264.000,000 ton serta dengan menggunakan software Minescape 4.119 sebesar 298.240,390 ton dan SR yang didapat 5:1 yang artinya 5 volume overburden dan 1 volume tonase batubara.
E ESTIMASI KETIDAKPASTIAN DARI PENGUKURAN NILAI VISKOSITAS KINEMATIK (VK) PELUMAS BERDASARKAN STANDAR ASTM D 445 PADA TEMPERATUR 40 °C DAN 100 °C DI LABORATORIUM PELUMAS PUSAT PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI (PPPTMGB) LEMIGAS
Authors: Anggraini Ineke Febrina
Published: April 2021

Pelumas adalah suatu bahan yang berfungsi untuk mencegah atau mengurangi keausan antara dua permukaan benda bergerak yang saling bergesekan. Untuk memberikan perlindungan pada bagian yang bergerak, pelumas harus memenuhi standar spesifikasi salah satunya adalah viskositas. Tujuan percobaan ini adalah mengukur viskositas kinematik pelumas, menghitung rentang nilai benar dari setiap pengukuran nilai viskositas kinematik  pada sampel pelumas sesuai dengan standar ASTM D 445 pada temperatur 40 °C dan 100 °C. Perhitungan Estimasi ketidakpastian dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu menentukan model matematis dari pengukuran, mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber ketidakpastian, menghitung ketidakpastian dari sumber-sumber ketidakpastian dan menentukan ketidakpastian diperluas pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Dimana nilai ketidakpastian yang diperoleh dari Viskositas kinematik dengan kode 1220 pada 40 °C sebesar ± 0.0080 cSt. Viskositas kinematik dengan kode 1220 pada 100 °C  sebesar ± 0.106 cSt. Viskositas Kinematik dengan kode 1218 pada 40 °C sebesar ± 0.0054 cSt. Viskositas kinematik dengan kode 1218 pada 40 °C    sebesar ± 0.0842 cSt.
p PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH SAKIT DENGAN METODE KOAGULASI, FENTON DAN ADSORPSI
Authors: Sari Dian Kurnia , Nopitasari Nopitasari
Published: April 2021

Limbah rumah sakit mengandung mikroorganisme patogen, bahan kimia beracun yang menimbulkan penyakit infeksi, bahan yang susah diurai, radioaktif yang dapat menyebabkan polusi dan masalah kesehatan. Keberadaan rumah sakit yang dekat dengan lingkungan masyarakat dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan akibat limbah dibuang ke lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari variabel–variabel yanng berpengaruh terhadap penurunan pencemar seperti BOD, COD dan TSS pada limbah cair rumah sakit sehingga sesuai baku mutu lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga metode :1)  metode koagulasi dengan koagulan tawas (1.000, 1.250, 1.500, 1.750 dan 2.000 ppm).  2) penambahan reagen fenton. 3) adsorbsi menggunakan karbon aktif dengan laju alir 80, 110 dan 140 mL/menit dan tinggi unggun  30, 40 dan 50 cm. Hasil  penelitian ini menunjukkan konsentrasi  tawas yang optimum adalah 1750 ppm dengan efisiensi penurunan BOD 58,9 %, COD 55,3 % dan TSS 69,2 %, dengan penambahan fenton efisiensi penurunan BOD 75 %, COD 51 % dan TSS 46 % dan pada karbon aktif kondisi paling optimum dengan variasi laju alir 80 mL/menit dan tinggi karbon 50 cm, efisiensi penurunan BOD 75,11 %, COD 72,69 dan TSS 80,65 %.
P PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI KULIT PISANG KEPOK MELALUI FERMENTASI
Authors: Pratiwi Indah
Published: April 2021

Kulit pisang kepok selama ini hanya dianggap sebagai salah satu limbah industri rumah tangga yang belum termanfaatkan dengan  baik.  Komposisi  terbanyak  kedua kulit pisang kepok adalah karbohidrat 18,50% dimana karbohidrat dapat dikonversi menjadi glukosa yang selanjutnya dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol. Penelitian ini bertujuan  membuat  bioethanol  dari  kulit pisang kepok dengan variasi waktu fermentasi dan penambahan starter. Pada penelitian ini kulit pisang kepok dihidrolisis dengan mengunakan  HCl 5% pada suhu 100oC selama 60 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama waktu fermentasi maka semakin banyak etanol  yang  dihasilkan.Pada  variasi  waktu fermentasi diperoleh waktu terbaik fermentasi pada waktu 7 hari dengan kadar etanol 40 % sebanyak 34 ml.
The Core Tenets of The Islamic Tradition of Bosniaks: attitudes, perceptions and practices
Authors: Kulanić Ahmed
Published: April 2021

This article aims to give an overview study of the main specific tenets of the Islamic tradition of Bosniak Muslims as defined and institutionalized by the traditional Islamic Community in Bosnia.

Also, it attempts to shed light on current perceptions, attitudes and practices in the context of an overall pre-Ottoman and post-Ottoman religious tradition of the Bosniak people known historically as Bono Homini (“the Good People”). The article provides a survey on the Bosniak Muslims in regard to their Islamic tradition in Bosnia with the purpose to reveal whether there are regional, gender and age differences among them in terms of their religious beliefs and practices. In doing so, the author was assisted by the authors in this area such as Ćimić, Karčić and Alibašić.
An Analysis of the Use of Terminological Determinants “Art of Islam”
Authors: Akšamija Mehmed
Published: April 2021

This article follows from the previously published paper and pertains to a distinctive phenomenological analysis of the structure/form and the production of the modality of miniature/illumination/pictorial representation, namely the productive-reflective orientation of homo islamicus with a separate analysis of his profanely-aestheticized discourse of action/arrangement/design.

A particular attention is paid to the paradigm of reduction, i.e. to a possible transformation of the cognitive and productive-reflective orientation by means of denaturalization/ stylization, as well as to the analysis of the status of homo islamicus's paradigmatic and predefined position within both the profane-cognitive and recognitive-sacral production. The characterization of his work and his fulfillment of religious life within the aesteticized discourse of qadar/ṣināʿat was also used to discuss the opposition to the occidental academic approach/understanding, imposed by the inappropriate need to reduce any form of creative action to common Western denominators. Substance of the emergence of creative action is theoretically elaborated by means of the cognitive discourse of qadar/ṣināʿat, together with activating figurality on the idea of the closed concept of the collaborative-cognitive practice. The expansion of theoretical discourse allowed the presence of a new view on the religious-aesthetic philosophy and associated terms, respecting the specifics deriving from the basic traditional interpretations of the Islamic forms of aestheticized orientation. This brief analysis is intended to initiate a discussion on the issues of theoretical and historical other part of the „history of arts“ and „artistic production“ in the critical framework of both occidental and Islamic attitudes/views. This brief analysis is intended to initiate a discussion on the issues of theoretical and historical other part of the „history of arts“ and „artistic production“ in the critical framework of both occidental and Islamic attitudes/views. At the same time, it will contribute to a possible fundamental discourse for defining the expression homo islamicus's Islamic creative action' as an academic field within a broader discipline entitled as the „history of arts“.
Harmonization of the Human Heart, Mind and Hand
Authors: Cerić Mustafa
Published: April 2021

The focus of this article is a reflection on the nature of the human heart (al-qalb), human mind (al-‘aql) and human hand (al-yad). The heart is the place of emotion - love or hate; the mind is the place of thought - right or wrong; the hand is the tool of power – justice or injustice. So, the question may be asked, what is the tipping scale for the heart from love to hate; what makes the mind to think right or wrong; and what causes the hand to do justice or injustice?

Then, what is the role of faith/religion in harmonizing the human heart, mind and hand? How can the Sīrah, the way of the life of the messenger of God, teach the human heart to love, the human mind to thing right and the human hand to act justly? What can man learn from the parallel lives and trials of the early aṣḥāb, the Prophet’s companions, and their immediate tābi’ūn, the followers? Here, the article introduces the way of life of two aṣḥāb: ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbās and Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal and one tābi‘un: Al-Qāḍī Shuraikh ibn Al-Ḥārith Al-Kindī, to show that the heart is not a pump that drives the blood, but it is the blood of love that drives the heart to love; that the mind is not a vessel to be filled, but the light to be kindled; and that the hand is not a tool to be abused, but a means to be used for justice. The author aims to open the way for a critique of the pure faith of Muslims. Indeed, the Muslims need to examine their faith in a serious way to find out the right exit from the current crisis of the relationship between their heart, mind and hand. Where is the pure faith of Muslims? Is it in their heart only? Is it in their mind only? Is it in their hand only? How can the Muslims connect these three into a coherent whole for the good of humanity? The good examples from the Sīrah might provide us with the right answer to these questions provided that the Muslims open their hearts, employ their minds and educate their hands. This article is trying to guide them to that direction.
A concrete proposal to upgrade the Dayton Peace Agreement
Authors: Kriještorac Mirsad
Published: April 2021

Most observers of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s political situation have focused only on the problems that the Dayton Peace Accord created for the normal functioning of this Southeastern European state, but a workable solution is yet to be proposed.

 The Accord achieved peace by blocking any ability for effective governing and by diminishing the Bosnian state capacity through an excessive dispersion of power with an uncommon constitutional focus on internationalism, and an erroneous type of pluralism that undermines the normal functioning of a democracy. The solution for these problems is to be found by adjusting the procedural selection of the United Nations High Representative, who is the primary actor directly responsible for the implementation of the Accord, both in terms of the letter and intent of the document, and this paper explains how that change can be made and what problems it will resolve.
Inspiration, Strategies and Insight for Learning Programming Language
Authors: Sharma Gajendra , Ojha Toshika
Published: April 2021

This study explores how the first-year undergraduate students in School of Engineering, Kathmandu University learns their very first programming language i.e. C programming. The students were requested to response to an online questioner, where they were asked about their perception about the programming language they are learning, their motivation on learning that particular language and their strategy on preparing for the subject. Student’s concept on C programming and their approach for preparing for the exam are categorized. Our results show what kind of different strategies they use to learn this particular programming language. Additionally, the insights of this paper point that learning theory of programming and practicing programming goes hand in hand in C programming course and the focus here is on learning difficult topics which involves investigating students perceptions and conceptions of causality in relation to learning difficulties (Berglund et al., 2009). This study is intended to be helpful for future teachers and students in programming courses in Nepal.
Dynamics of Corporate Startup Collaboration: An Exploratory Study
Authors: CHING HONG YUH , Caetano Rebeca Moreno
Published: April 2021

Drawing on two datasets of companies, this paper investigates the underlying dynamics of corporate startup collaboration (CSC) in Brazil as well as the reasons why corporations engage with startup and vice versa. The authors have used several types of collaboration found in the literature and the reasons of collaboration, as the basis to support the research. It suggests that the search for a line of radical innovation and collaboration strategy and also be part of an ecosystem are associated with the significant increase in two years in number of companies, programs, and engagement, resembling international data on the subject. This search for innovation and collaboration strategy and be part of an ecosystem are likely to be driven by three industry sectors that most stand out. Matchmaking, Training & Mentoring and Pilot Project Contracting were the top three types of engagement. They are seen as partnership between corporation and startup, where both sides can learn and grow in this process, rather than an one-off transaction. The results offer insights into the emerging trend of corporate startup collaboration, especially companies and startups, that are not yet engaged with each other, can take results as a basis to start engaging and/or create a line of innovation and engagement strategy by understanding the nature of engagement and its programs. This study also shed lights on Brazilian startups and their collaboration with incumbents (local and international) as well as on industry sectors that most standout.