bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Second-gradient continua: From Lagrangian to Eulerian and back
Authors: dell’Isola Francesco , Eugster Simon R , Fedele Roberto , Seppecher Pierre
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we represent second-gradient internal work functionals in Lagrangian (referential) and Eulerian (spatial) descriptions, and we deduce the corresponding expressions for the Piola transformations of stress and double-stress tensors and of external forces and double-forces. We also derive, in both the Eulerian and Lagrangian description, the expression of surface and edge contact interactions (which include forces and double-forces) for second-gradient continua in terms of the normal and the curvature of contact boundary surfaces and edge shapes.
Understanding More Than 50 Years of Mass Public Shootings as a Function of Routine Activities
Authors: Schildkraut Jaclyn , Elsass H. Jaymi , Stafford Mark C. , Sheingold Jacob
Published: March 2022

Mass public shootings have drawn considerable attention from the public, policymakers, and researchers, yet despite what is known about these events, assessments to date have failed to consider their timing as a function of the locations where they occur. Using data on 401 U.S. mass public shootings occurring between 1966 and 2020, we examine these events’ temporal patterns. The findings suggest that the occurrence of mass public shootings may not be as random as once assumed but instead mirror the routine activities of the perpetrators, their victims, and the shootings’ locations. Considerations for prevention and response policies also are offered.
The Myth of Contactless Hospitality Service: Customers’ Willingness to Pay
Authors: Hao Fei , Qiu Richard T. R. , Park Jinah , Chon Kaye
Published: March 2022

Contactless hospitality services are an expensive endeavor with an uncertain return on investment. This study explores these services from the perspective of hotel guests’ willingness to pay (WTP). To this end, 10 discrete choice experiments were conducted on 1,939 Chinese hotel guests to test a hybrid choice model. The findings indicate that hotel guests’ WTP is influenced by hotel attributes, hotel scale, customer demographics, travel-related variables, technology readiness, and health concerns. Generally, there is significant heterogeneity in the WTP for different contactless amenities, such as for contactless room entrance, contactless payment system, contactless elevator service, robotic services, a smart room, and contactless front desk services. This study contributes to the knowledge on technology implementation in the hospitality industry and the WTP for hotel amenities. Furthermore, it guides hotel practitioners to invest smartly and rationally in contactless services.
Delinquent Girls as Activists: Insider Activism and Carceral Welfare
Authors: Wilson Jacqueline Z. , Carlton Bree
Published: March 2022

The article examines the motivation and role of the insider activism that resulted in the preservation of a major historical site of female incarceration, the Parramatta Female Factory Precinct, in suburban Sydney. For much of the 20th century the site was a “Girls’ Home,” in which children who had committed no offense were incarcerated under child welfare regulations and literally treated like criminals. Life in the institution was characterized by routine extreme maltreatment of children, many of whom have carried the psychological legacy of their time there throughout their lives. A group of survivors, moved to preserve and reclaim the space, spent many years contending with obdurate and indifferent bureaucracies before successfully having the site Heritage-listed, and it is now a member of the international Sites of Conscience. The Precinct’s significance as a site of feminist carceral history is discussed, and its place in today’s cultural landscape examined.
Polaris Observatory—supporting informed decision-making at the national, regional, and global levels to eliminate viral hepatitis
Authors: Razavi Homie
Published: March 2022

Background: Tools to eliminate Hepatitis B and C have been available and in 2016, the World Health Assembly endorsed the Global Health Sector Strategy for Viral Hepatitis. However, the adoption of hepatitis elimination programs has remained slow. Research design: The Center for Disease Analysis created a universal registry, the Polaris Observatory, to support informed decision-making at the national, regional, and global level for HCV and HBV elimination. The observatory covers 110 countries for HCV and 135 countries for HBV and provides decision analytics, disease burden modeling, economic impact assessments, and training to help countries with their national hepatitis elimination programs. Results: By providing reliable and up-to-date country specific data and analyses, demonstrating the impact of decisions, and providing costing estimates of national programs, our collaborating countries are making informed decisions. Our economic impact analyses also helped countries fund their elimination programs and negotiate prices. Polaris Observatory is an example of impactful private–public partnership where funding by the John C. Martin Foundation allowed support for informed decision-making by public agencies and national governments who would not/could not support such programs on their own. Conclusions: The catalytic funding allowed the Polaris Observatory to demonstrate the utility of such a program resulting in other donors to support this work. The Polaris Observatory is now supported through a portfolio of funders while our work and outputs remain independent to continue support for viral hepatitis elimination by year 2030.
Approximately in-person in the locked-down home: Approximation, digital ties and maternity amid the COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Das Ranjana
Published: March 2022

This article explores strategies and practices of approximation to cope with needs of pregnancy and maternity in the locked-down home at a distinct point in time – the earliest lockdown in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, where, disruption of in-person support, both formally and informally, had implications for new mothers, babies and families. Amid a turn to digital for mental health and related support, it appears, unsurprisingly from the fieldwork, that despite many benefits, the role of technology in this context has been complex, as contexts of use, maternal practices, literacies and the nature of perinatal support required deeply shaped the role technology played amid blanket lockdown restrictions. I explore attempts to ‘approximate’ in-person ties within the confines of mandatorily digitally mediated interactions by paying attention to the fatigue, materialities and unsettlement of approximation.
Experimental comparison between an optical and an all-metal large bore engine
Authors: Karmann Stephan , Eicheldinger Stefan , Prager Maximilian , Jaensch Malte , Wachtmeister Georg
Published: March 2022

Rising engine efficiency, increasingly stringent exhaust limits, and the use of synthetic and renewable fuels are all factors that demand a deeper knowledge of the combustion process. State-of-the-art investigations employ optical and laser-optical measurement techniques that rely on having optical access to the engine. In this paper, a new endoscopic system that provides full optical access to a high-speed large-bore engine is compared by thermodynamic experimentation to the equivalent all-metal engine. This comparison provides an insight into the altered combustion behavior resulting from modifying the engine to accommodate the optical elements. The successfully realized concept consists of two individually usable access points integrated in an engine with a bore of 170 mm and a stroke of 210 mm. The lateral endoscopic access is designed for full-load operating conditions and provides the best comparability to an all-metal engine. It is compared directly to the all-metal engine in the present investigations. Despite the changes in engine-out emissions from the optical engine, the experimental results display relatively equal combustion behavior in both setups. The lateral endoscopic access is then extended by adding a fisheye endoscope in place of one exhaust valve. This setup is compared to findings obtained with the endoscopic lateral access. The investigations reveal further deviations of the combustion process due to the more extensive modifications needed to fit the fisheye endoscope to the cylinder head. Nevertheless, the results display an overall good level of comparability of the combustion behaviors in these setups and, in turn, of the validity of further fundamental experiments based on the optical engine.
The ‘social’ within our walls: stamped bricks as hidden socio-material entanglements
Authors: Berki Márton
Published: March 2022

As a result of the materialist (re-)turn in cultural geography and beyond, an exceptionally broad variety of matters and things has been taken into scholarly consideration. In spite of this rich and still rapidly expanding work, however, almost no attention has been paid to one of our most mundane, most everyday material objects – brick. Therefore, on the example of Hungarian ‘stamped bricks’, this paper shows how the whole spectrum of the ‘social’ might be represented in an utterly material form, on bricks – including ideology, politics, class relations, religion and spirituality, naturecultures, even sexuality. Connected to these, as the main theoretical contributions of the paper, I develop two arguments. First, I posit that in contrast to most representations, the ones on stamped bricks are ‘normally’ hidden. Second, I also argue that as thick and solid as bricks are, at the same time they may also be as highly sensitive litmus papers of changing societal conditions and relations. Hence, based on the examples of the paper, stamped bricks are presented as hidden socio-material entanglements.
Desiring Wanghuang: Live Streaming, Porn Consumption and Acts of Citizenship among Gay Men in Digital China
Authors: Song Lin
Published: March 2022

This paper investigates Chinese gay men’s consumption of domestic pornography on international social network platforms following the country’s anti-porn campaigns targeting live streaming. Set against the backdrop of China’s illiberal digital landscape characterized by rapid platformization and evolving Internet governance, the paper draws on in-depth interviews with twenty-one Chinese young gay men to explore how they take advantage of digital platforms and algorithms to creatively and resiliently carve out a space for expressing same-sex desires in a precarious environment. It argues that, although these creative acts of sexual citizenship empower gay men in self-understanding and community-building, they are also critically limited by China’s intertwining neoliberal and illiberal cultures.
How Not to Be Seen: Notes on the Gendered Intimacy of Livestreaming the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lark Daniel
Published: March 2022

Livestreaming during the Covid-19 pandemic has become a staging ground for a kind of virtual socialization that favors gendered and middle class norms of intimacy, affective labor, and domesticity, despite a grave lack of material support for the transition to online learning and working from home. In this paper, I focus on key images and discussions circulating in the press and on social media around the performance and construction of the livestreaming space in relation to virtual learning and remote work among white collar professionals. Livestreaming reshapes domestic life and space through its ability to blur the boundary between home and work and the nascent norms and practices of livestreaming borrow from existing streaming subcultures such as video game streaming on platforms like Twitch.tv. The intimacy of livestreaming, however, is a double-edged sword as it exposes livestreaming’s inability to curtail the worst effects of the pandemic and the disproportionate impact of this vast social rearrangement on women. Livestreaming is easily integrated into existing regimes of control and is the subject of an intense public debate about its politics this very reason.
Just on the Right Side of Wrong: (De)Legitimizing Feminism in Video Game Live Streaming
Authors: Cullen Amanda L. L.
Published: March 2022

The participation of women in video games continues to be interrogated, especially the participation of women who are, or are perceived to be, feminists. A considerable portion of the discourse on the appropriateness of feminism in live streaming takes place on Twitch and gaming subreddits. This paper applies a qualitative analysis to several Reddit threads that address the subject of feminism in live streaming. The analysis of subreddit comments about feminism in streaming suggest that many Twitch users believe feminism is an ideology that is incompatible with video games and live streaming. Furthermore, many of these users believe that feminists actively harm live streaming communities. This paper presents an understanding of how and why the presence and legitimacy of feminism in games continues to be contested and demonstrates what is at stake for feminists who desire to participate in building a future for themselves in video game live streaming.
A fully textile-based skin pH sensor
Authors: Choi Min-Young , Lee Minji , Kim Ji-Hye , Kim Sooyoung , Choi Jonghoon , So Ju-Hee , Koo Hyung-Jun
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a textile-based pH sensor with high flexibility fabricated by printing a polymer composite as a working electrode and Ag/AgCl/solid electrolyte as a reference electrode on a textile substrate. The textile working electrode is composed of polyaniline, carbon nanotubes, and agarose printed on the textile. A thermoplastic polyurethane overlayer hot-pressed on the textile substrates provides a smooth hydrophobic surface, enabling a more stable formation of the composite films with a reliable output signal. The textile reference electrode is fabricated by printing Ag/AgCl paste and solid electrolyte. The fully textile-based pH sensor, by integrating the textile working and reference electrodes, exhibits a good sensitivity of 45.9 mV/pH with high linearity. The textile pH sensor maintains excellent performance and repeatability with 93% retention even in a bent state and after 1000 bending cycles. Finally, it is demonstrated that the textile pH sensor can detect the pH change on a piece of porcine skin.
Classification Accuracy of Early Literacy Assessments: Linking Preschool and Kindergarten Performance
Authors: Koller Katherine A. , Hojnoski Robin L. , Van Norman Ethan R.
Published: March 2022

A strong foundation in early literacy supports children’s academic pursuits and impacts personal, social, and economic outcomes. Therefore, examining the adequacy of early literacy assessments as predictors of future performance on important outcomes is critical for identifying students at risk of reading problems. This study explored the predictive validity of preschoolers’ literacy skills measured in the spring with the Individual Growth and Development Indicators 2.0 (IGDIs 2.0) to performance in the fall and winter of kindergarten as assessed by the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills Next Edition (DIBELS Next) using Pearson product-moment correlations. In addition, the classification accuracy of student performance on the IGDIs 2.0 measures to the publisher-identified benchmark scores on DIBELS Next assessment in kindergarten was examined by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive power, overall correct classification, and kappa. Participants were 537 children from ethnically diverse backgrounds enrolled in an urban school district in the U.S. Northeast region. Results indicated small to moderate relationships between the individual IGDIs 2.0 tasks and DIBELS Next measures. Classification accuracy of student performance on the IGDIs 2.0 measures to the publisher-identified benchmark score on DIBELS Next composite in the fall and winter of kindergarten revealed inadequate levels of sensitivity; however, locally derived cut-scores improved sensitivity and specificity.
Efficacy and Safety of Huaier Granule as an Adjuvant Therapy for Cancer: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Chen Jixin , Chen Shuqi , Zhou Yushu , Wang Sumei , Wu Wanyin
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

In China, Huaier granule (HG) is widely applied to tumor adjuvant therapy. However, systematic reviews (SRs) or meta-analyses (MAs) published continuously failed to reach a consensus, without convincing evidence. An overview should be conducted to summarize the evidence-based progress and try to provide some value references for relative research and clinical practice in the future.

Methods:

From inception to October 2021, 8 databases in English and Chinese were searched. SRs/MAs meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Relevant criteria were used to evaluate SRs/MAs including methodological quality, reporting quality, risk of bias, and evidence quality of effect and safety.

Results:

The short-term effect, long-term effect, and safety in 6 included SRs/MAs were assessed in this overview according to quantitative synthesis. Results assessed by AMSTAR-2, PRISMA, and ROBIS were generally unsatisfactory with the main problems on registration or protocol, a search of grey literature, a list of excluded studies, bias of each synthetic result, and inadequate report of search strategy and synthesis methods. Additionally, 28 items were assessed as moderate quality while 12 items were low-quality and 6 items were very low-quality in GRADE. Risk of bias was the main downgrading factor.

Conclusion:

HG may be a promising adjuvant therapy for cancer. However, high-quality SRs/MAs and RCTs should be conducted to provide sufficient evidence so as to draw a definitive conclusion.
The Association Between Men’s Mental Health During COVID-19 and Deterioration in Economic Status
Authors: Hadar-Shoval Dorit , Alon-Tirosh Michal , Asraf Kfir , Tannous-Haddad Lubna , Tzischinsky Orna
Published: March 2022

This study investigated associations among economic status deterioration, mental health, and gender during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 1,807 participants completed an online questionnaire that included demographic variables and questions measuring three mental health variables: psychological distress (as measured by symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress), adjustment disorder, and emotional eating. Results indicated that women reported higher mental health impairment than men. Men and women whose economic status significantly deteriorated because of the COVID-19 pandemic reported greater mental health impairment than those whose economic status did not significantly deteriorate. However, men whose economic status significantly deteriorated reported high mental health impairment (emotional eating and adjustment difficulties) similar to women in the same situation. This change in men’s reporting pattern suggests that the economic impact of COVID-19 severely impacted their mental health and affected how they view their masculinity, which, in turn, further impaired their mental health. As the COVID-19 outbreak has had a significant impact on mental health worldwide, it is important to identify individuals and groups who are at high risk of mental health impairment. The current study demonstrates that men’s distress, which is frequently complex to identify, can be detected using standardized measures and analyzing these according to changes in reporting patterns as opposed to simply examining means and frequencies. The results suggest that the COVID-19 crisis may provide an opportunity to understand more about mental health, in particular, that of men.
Treatment and Management of Upper Extremity Dysfunction Following Transradial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cheung Elena S. , Zwaan Eva M. , Schreuders Ton A. R. , Kofflard Marcel J. M. , Coert J. Henk. , Alings Marco , IJsselmuiden Alexander J. J. , Holtzer Carlo A. J.
Published: March 2022

Background:

The transradial artery access is the benchmark approach in transradial percutaneous coronary intervention (TR-PCI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the different complications, treatments, and outcome of upper extremity dysfunction following a TR-PCI.

Methods:

This was a prospective cohort substudy of patients with access-site complications. The study population consisted of 433 patients treated with TR-PCI. Referral to the hand center was mandated if the patient experienced new-onset or increase of preexistent symptoms in the upper extremity. Patients were followed up to the last control visit (5-7 months after the index procedure) at the hand center. Outcome results were categorized in “symptom-free,” “improvement of symptoms,” and “no improvement.”

Results:

Forty-one (9% of total) patients underwent assessment at the hand center. Most frequent referral indication was pain in the intervention arm. Women, preexisting sensibility disorder, and osteoarthritis in the intervention arm were associated with increased odds of referral. The most common complications diagnosed were carpal tunnel syndrome (n = 18) and osteoarthritis (n = 15). Thirty patients required further medical treatment. Immobilization therapy was most applied. Seventeen (4% of total) patients had persisting symptoms despite medical treatment.

Conclusions:

The occurrence of complications in the upper extremity after a TR-PCI is small. Despite medical treatment, symptoms persisted in 4% of all patients treated with TR-PCI. Possible explanations for the persisting symptoms are exacerbation of latent osteoarthritis and carpal tunnel syndrome by trauma-induced edema. Awareness of TR-PCI-induced complications among all specialists is essential to optimize patient care.
Charges for Distal Radius Fracture Fixation Are Affected by Fracture Pattern, Location of Service, and Anesthesia Type
Authors: Goodman Avi D. , Brodeur Peter , Cruz Aristides I. , Kosinski Lindsay R. , Akelman Edward , Gil Joseph A.
Published: March 2022

Background:

This study sought to characterize charges associated with operative treatment of distal radius fractures and identify sources of variation contributing to overall cost.

Methods:

A retrospective study was performed using the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database from 2009-2017. Outpatient claims were identified using the International Classification of Diseases-9/10-Clinical Modification diagnosis codes for distal radius fixation surgery. A multivariable mixed model regression was performed to identify variables contributing to total charges of the claim, including patient demographics, anesthesia method, surgery location (ambulatory surgery center [ASC] versus a hospital outpatient department [HOPD], operation time, insurance type, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and billed procedure codes.

Results:

A total of 9029 claims were included, finding older age, private primary insurance, surgery performed in a HOPD, and use of local anesthesia (vs general or regional) associated with increased total charges. There was no difference between gender, race, or ethnicity. Additionally, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), increased operative time/fracture complexity, and use of perioperative medications contributed significantly to overall costs.

Conclusions:

Charges for distal radius fracture surgery performed in a HOPD were 28.3% higher than compared to an ASC, and cases with local anesthesia had higher billed claims compared to regional or general anesthesia. Furthermore, charges for percutaneous fixation were 54.6% lower than ORIF of extraarticular fracture, and claims had substantial geographic variation. These findings may be used by providers and payers to help improve value of distal radius fracture care.

Level of Evidence:

Level III
Practical considerations in utilizing cluster randomized controlled trials conducted in biopharmaceutical industry
Authors: Fang Yixin , He Weili
Published: March 2022

Cluster randomized controlled trials (cluster RCTs), also known as parallel-arm group-randomized trials, are trials in which the randomized units are groups of participants, as opposed to individual participants. These trials have largely been implemented to address broad public health issues, but with the growing interest in use of real-world data in the regulatory setting, this design may be increasingly considered for industry trials. The key difference between cluster RCTs and traditional RCTs is the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) that needs to be considered in cluster RCTs. In this article, we discuss some key practical considerations that are related to ICC in the design, conduct, analysis, and report stages of a cluster RCT. These key considerations related to ICC can lead to improvement in how we translate research findings from cluster RCTs into practices in the biopharmaceutical industry.
The alliance of victory: Russo-Serbian memory diplomacy
Authors: McGlynn Jade , Đureinović Jelena
Published: March 2022

The politics of memory of World War II underlies the public and political discourses in contemporary Russia and Serbia, with political elites using the narrative of the victory against fascism as a unifying and legitimising tool. The heroic war memory is also outward-oriented and underpins the ever-closer relations between the two countries. This article explores how Russia exports and engages with the memory of World War II in Serbia, introducing the concept of memory diplomacy as a form of public diplomacy. Based on the travelling of memory, narratives and practices, memory diplomacy takes memory politics to the international level. The article theorises memory diplomacy as co-creation, rather than a one-way process, which involves benefits for all parties involved. Through historical and content discourse analysis of data from Russia and Serbia, the article illustrates how the theory of memory diplomacy works in practice.
Clozapine- and non-clozapine-associated neutropenia in patients with schizophrenia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Johannsen Claas-Frederik , Petersen Tonny Studsgaard , Nielsen Jimmi , Jørgensen Anders , Jimenez-Solem Espen , Fink-Jensen Anders
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

The antipsychotic drug clozapine remains underutilized partly because of the risk of life-threatening adverse effects, such as neutropenia. Therefore, an extensive hematological monitoring program was set up to detect neutropenia.

Methods:

In this retrospective cohort study, we used registry-based data from the Capital Region of Denmark to investigate incidence rates of neutropenia among patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders and treated with clozapine for the first time. In a within-subject design, we compared rates of neutropenia in time periods where patients were exposed to clozapine versus time periods, where they were not exposed to clozapine. We also investigated whether the lengths of clozapine-associated neutropenia (CAN) were related to discontinuation of clozapine treatment.

Results:

Data from 520 clozapine users were included. The incidence rate of CAN was 3.2 cases per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1–4.8) throughout the entire study. There was no significant difference in incidence rates of neutropenia during clozapine exposure and non-clozapine exposure, with an incidence rate ratio of 0.7 (95% CI: 0.4–1.3). One episode of severe neutropenia was detected. Episodes of CAN with only one sub-threshold neutrophil count were not associated with higher clozapine discontinuation (26%) than CAN episodes of more than one sub-threshold neutrophil count (28%).

Conclusion:

In the present study, we could not confirm that clozapine treatment was associated with neutropenia.
Preferential human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression in myometrial and lymphovascular invasion of a uterine carcinosarcoma: A case report
Authors: Gillam Joseph , Pillappa Raghavendra , Idowu Michael , Boardman Cecelia , Sullivan Stephanie A , Sayeed Sadia
Published: March 2022

This case report describes a unique pattern of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression in a patient with uterine carcinosarcoma. The endometrial tumor showed biphasic morphology composed of serous carcinoma and a heterologous high-grade sarcoma component. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 immunostaining showed positive (3+) expression in foci of myoinvasion, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis but was negative in both the endometrial surface tumor and sarcomatous component. Fluorescent in situ hybridization testing for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 confirmed no amplification within the endometrial surface carcinoma component and amplification of the lymphovascular invasion component. As the use of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 immunohistochemical evaluation becomes more commonplace for therapeutic consideration in patients with uterine carcinosarcoma, interpretation of the immunohistochemical should be performed preferentially on large tissue sections including both a surface, myoinvasive portions, and suspected areas of lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis.
The rising appendicitis mimicker: A case report of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children presenting with acute abdomen
Authors: Salaheldin Esraa O , Lasheen Reham A , ElTohamy Abdelrahman
Published: March 2022

We describe a case of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The 12-year-old child presented with appendicitis-like symptoms in the form of gradually worsening abdominal pain localizing over the right iliac fossa, fever, and vomiting. After an appendectomy, the abdominal pain did not resolve. He later developed orthopnea, bilateral lower limb pitting edema, and bilateral fine basal crepitations. This pointed to MIS-C. We should be mindful of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in children with a recent history of COVID-19.
Does Culture Really Matter? A Comparison Between Victims’ Cognitive and Communicative Responses to Cultural In-Group Versus Out-Group Perpetrators in Social Predicaments
Authors: Guan Xiaowen , Lee Hye Eun
Published: March 2022

Currently, few studies have examined whether people who experience an undesirable social predicament in an intercultural context would perceive this predicament the same way—and act in the same manner—in an intracultural situation. The authors of this study investigated how perpetrators’ cultural backgrounds impacted victims’ cognitive assessments of, and communicative responses to, social predicaments. Through a survey with three scenarios of other-caused predicaments, participants ( N = 384) were asked to respond to social predicaments caused by either a cultural in-group or out-group perpetrator. The findings showed that victims differed in their perceived severity and attribution of these predicaments depending on the perpetrators’ cultural background. However, cultural background indirectly, rather than directly, influenced victims’ responses by interacting with attributed intent and uncertainty.
Vocabulary Demands of the IELTS Listening Test: An In-Depth Analysis
Authors: Phung Doan Hieu , Ha Hung Tan
Published: March 2022

The article offers an in-depth lexical analysis of the listening sub-test of the famous International English Language Testing System (IELTS). The vocabulary profile of 239 listening transcripts from 60 IELTS official practice tests were analyzed. The results showed that, 3,000 most frequent word families in the British National Corpus/Corpus of Contemporary American English (BNC/COCA) word list were necessary to safely gain 95% coverage of all four sections in the test. Meanwhile, a vocabulary knowledge at the 5,000 level would secure the 98% coverage. The study also reveals that, with the support of 570 word families from the Academic Word List (AWL), learners only need to be familiar with 2,000 word families to achieve 95% coverage of the first, second, and third listening sections, equaling 75% of the IELTS listening test. The differences in lexical demands between listening sections were also highlighted.
ASEAN Policy Responses to COVID-19 Pandemic: Adaptation and Experimentation Policy: A Study of ASEAN Countries Policy Volatility for COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Purnomo Eko Priyo , Agustiyara  , Nurmandi Achmad , Dewi Arlina , Rosa Elsye Maria , Bayu Agung Huda , Erviana Rima
Published: March 2022

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper provides valuable information to establish new comparative policies between ASEAN countries. The study used disproportionate policy-making that stimulated the understanding of different adaptive strategies. The paper identified the extent of government response policy as a range of proportionate public involvement. The measure of disproportionality was obtained by calculating the regional differentiation in a particular country’s average response to a crisis. This study found that six ASEAN countries are disproportional in their Policy Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Thailand is ranked the highest and classified as the most prepared country in terms of Global Health Security, and four countries are classified as normo-action. Indeed, Thailand is one of the countries with the most-prepared health security. Nonetheless, countries deemed less prepared and underreacting include Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Myanmar, and the Philippines, which have all witnessed continuous rapid growth in COVID-19 infections.
College Students’ Perceptions of Communication Technology Use and Parent–Child Relationships
Authors: McCurdy Amy L. , Benito-Gomez Marta , Lee Grace Y. , Fletcher Anne C.
Published: March 2022

Technologically-assisted communication plays a key role in facilitating relationships between parents and emerging adult college students who are living away from home. Informed by Media Multiplexity Theory, we investigated the channels that college students use to communicate with parents and the impact that used and non-used channels have on perceived parent–child relationships. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 44 undergraduate students in the United States. Students used diverse channels to connect with parents, although some channels were used exclusively with peers. Themes related to communication repertoire size (CRS) included communication frequency, content of communication, and parent gender emerged; themes related to communication gap size (CGS) included student-perceived technology gaps, privacy concerns, and generational differences. Students in high CRS dyads perceived that communication technologies increased or maintained parent–child relationship quality, whereas students in high CGS dyads reported that communication technologies worsened or did not impact parent–child relationships.
Post-Operative Spinal Epidural Hematoma: Are We Discontinuing Aspirin Early Enough?
Authors: Saitta Bradley Hart , Shultz Paul , Hanson Kathryn , Mikhael Mark M.
Published: March 2022

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Objectives

(1) To compare the risk of Spinal Epidural Hematoma (SEH) associated with specific pre-operative and post-operative anticoagulation (AC) and antiplatelet medications (APM). (2) To define the incidence of SEH and identify risk factors for SEH in our population.

Methods

Thoracolumbar surgeries between October 2009 and March 2020 were collected. Patients who underwent incision and drainage of a symptomatic SEH were identified. AC and APM was recorded 14 days pre-operatively and post-operatively. Demographics and intra-operative factors were recorded. Relative risk with 95% confidence interval was used, with Bonferroni-corrected P-values <.05 used for significance.

Results

9307 surgeries were identified. 177 (1.9%) patients returned to the OR within 30 days, 37 of whom (.39%) returned due to SEH. Seven patients were on either AC or APM pre-op, and sixteen post-op. Five were on aspirin pre-operatively (RR 3.2, 95% CI 1.25–8.22, P = .015). Risk was not increased in patients on multiple agents. No AC or APM demonstrated increased risk of hematoma post-operatively, despite trends toward significance with multiple agents. The use of a drain and complicated hypertension were associated with increased risk of SEH.

Conclusions

Pre-operative aspirin is associated with increased risk of SEH, even when appropriately discontinued. Appropriately dosed post-operative anticoagulation does not increase the risk of SEH, though being on multiple agents trends toward statistical significance and should be better studied. Surgeons should be vigilant and carefully monitor patients on pre-operative antiplatelet medications for spinal epidural hematoma.
“I Just Couldn’t Relate to That Asian American Narrative”: How Southeast Asian Americans Reconsider Panethnicity
Authors: Yamashita Liann
Published: March 2022

Asian American panethnicity was conceptualized to unify ethnic groups and represent their sociopolitical interests. Increasingly however, scholars have questioned whether panethnicity accurately reflects the diversity of different ethnic groups’ experiences and identities. In mainstream culture, “Asian American” has become synonymous with East Asian Americans and stereotypes—albeit biased ones—of their affluence, thus erasing the realities of working-class, South, and Southeast Asian Americans (SEAAs). I focus on the last group and join other scholars in emphasizing how ethnic groups’ unique historical relationships with the United States differentially impact their racial identities and attachments to panethnicity. Using 62 interviews with Southeast Asian refugees and service providers in North Carolina, I explore how a term I call “quiet neglect”—the U.S. institutionalized silence around the Vietnam and Secret Wars that has led to an erasure of SEAAs’ needs—shape their connections to Asian American panethnicity and decision to align with alternative identities. At stake in this study is our capacity to recognize individuals’ agency to challenge racial boundaries and assert identities that they find meaningful. In addition, I examine how SEAAs situate themselves within our broader racial structure and harness their identities to connect with other people of color.
Race-Specific, State-Specific COVID-19 Vaccination Rates Adjusted for Age
Authors: Wrigley-Field Elizabeth , Berry Kaitlyn M. , Persad Govind
Published: March 2022

The authors provide the first age-standardized race/ethnicity-specific, state-specific vaccination rates for the United States. Data encompass all states reporting race/ethnicity-specific vaccinations and reflect vaccinations through mid-October 2021, just before eligibility expanded below age 12. Using indirect age standardization, the authors compare racial/ethnic state vaccination rates with national rates. The results show that white and Black state median vaccination rates are, respectively, 89 percent and 76 percent of what would be predicted on the basis of age; Hispanic and Native rates are almost identical to what would be predicted; and Asian American/Pacific Islander rates are 110 percent of what would be predicted. The authors also find that racial/ethnic vaccination rates are associated with state politics, as proxied by 2020 Trump vote share: for each percentage point increase in Trump vote share, vaccination rates decline by 1.08 percent of what would be predicted on the basis of age. This decline is sharpest for Native American vaccinations, although these are reported for relatively few states.
Is the Planus Foot Type Associated With First Ray Hypermobility?
Authors: Morgan Oliver J. , Hillstrom Rajshree , Turner Robert , Day Jonathan , Thaqi Ibadet , Caolo Kristin , Ellis Scott , Deland Jonathan T. , Hillstrom Howard J.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Many foot pathologies have been associated with foot type. However, the association of first ray hypermobility remains enigmatic. The purpose of this study was to investigate first ray hypermobility among participants with planus and rectus foot types and its influence on static measures of foot structure.

Methods:

Twenty asymptomatic participants with planus (n = 23 feet) and rectus (n = 17 feet) foot types were enrolled. Several parameters of static foot structure (arch height index, arch height flexibility, first metatarsophalangeal joint flexibility, and first ray mobility) were measured. Participants were further stratified into groups with nonhypermobile (n = 26 feet) and hypermobile (n = 14 feet) first rays. First ray mobility ≥8 mm was used to define “first ray hypermobility”. Generalized estimating equations, best-fit regression lines, and stepwise linear regression were used to identify significant differences and predictors between the study variables

Results:

Overall, 86% of subjects categorized with first ray hypermobility exhibited a planus foot type. Arch height flexibility, weightbearing first ray mobility, and first metatarsophalangeal joint flexibility showed no significant between-group differences. However, weightbearing ray mobility and first metatarsophalangeal joint laxity were associated with partial weightbearing first ray mobility, accounting for 38% of the model variance.

Conclusion:

The planus foot type was found to be associated with first ray hypermobility. Furthermore, weightbearing first ray mobility and first metatarsophalangeal joint laxity were predictive of partial weightbearing first ray mobility, demonstrating an interaction between the translation and rotational mechanics of the first ray.

Clinical Relevance:

Association of first ray hypermobility with foot type and first metatarsophalangeal joint flexibility may help understand the sequela to symptomatic pathologies of the foot.
Telemedicine and Telementoring in Rhinology, Otology, and Laryngology: A Scoping Review
Authors: Yang Angela , Kim Dayoung , Hwang Peter H. , Lechner Matt
Published: March 2022

Objective

Telemedicine and telementoring have had a significant boost across all medical and surgical specialties over the last decade and especially during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The aim of this scoping review is to synthesize the current use of telemedicine and telementoring in otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery.

Data Sources

PubMed and Cochrane Library.

Review Methods

A scoping review search was conducted, which identified 469 articles. Following full‐text screening by 2 researchers, 173 articles were eligible for inclusion and further categorized via relevant subdomains.

Conclusions

Virtual encounters and telementoring are the 2 main applications of telemedicine in otolaryngology. These applications can be classified into 7 subdomains. Different ear, nose, and throat subspecialties utilized certain telemedicine applications more than others; for example, almost all articles on patient engagement tools are rhinology based. Overall, telemedicine is feasible, showing similar concordance when compared with traditional methods; it is also cost‐effective, with high patient and provider satisfaction.

Implications for Practice

Telemedicine in otorhinolaryngology has been widely employed during the COVID‐19 pandemic and has a huge potential, especially with regard to its distributing quality care to rural areas. However, it is important to note that with current exponential use, it is equally crucial to ensure security and privacy and integrate HIPAA‐compliant systems (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) in the big data era. It is expected that many more applications developed during the pandemic are here to stay and will be refined in years to come.
Postglacial evolution of Lake Constance: sedimentological and geochemical evidence from a deep-basin sediment core
Authors: Schaller Sebastian , Böttcher Michael E. , Buechi Marius W. , Epp Laura S. , Fabbri Stefano C. , Gribenski Natacha , Harms Ulrich , Krastel Sebastian , Liebezeit Alina , Lindhorst Katja , Marxen Hanna , Raschke Ulli , Schleheck David , Schmiedinger Iris , Schwalb Antje , Vogel Hendrik , Wessels Martin , Anselmetti Flavio S.
Published: March 2022

The modern, over 250-m-deep basin of Lake Constance represents the underfilled northern part of an over 400-m-deep, glacially overdeepened trough, which reaches well into the Alps at its southern end. The overdeepening was formed by repeated glacial advance-retreat cycles of the Rhine Glacier throughout the Middle to Late Pleistocene. A seismic survey of Lake Constance revealed a Quaternary sediment fill of more than 150 m thickness representing at least the last glacial cycle. The stratified sedimentary fill consists at the base of ice-contact deposits on top of the molasse bedrock, overlain by glaciolacustrine to lacustrine sediments. During the successful field test of a newly developed, mid-size coring system ("HIPERCORIG"), the longest core (HIBO19) ever taken in Lake Constance was retrieved with an overall length of 24 m. The sediments recovered consist of a nearly continuous succession of lacustrine silts and sands including more than 12 m of Late Glacial sediment at the base. 14 lithotypes were identified through petrophysical and geochemical analyses. In combination with a 14C- and OSL-based age-depth model, the core was divided into three main chronostratigraphic units. The basal age of ~ 13.7 ka BP dates the base of the succession back to the Bølling-Allerød interstadial, with overlying strata representing a complete and thick Younger-Dryas to Holocene succession. The sediments offer a high-resolution insight into the evolution of paleo-Lake Constance from a cold, postglacial to a more productive and warmer Holocene lake. The Late Glacial succession is dominated by massive, m-thick sand beds reflecting episodic sedimentation pulses. They are most likely linked to a subaquatic channel system originating in the river Seefelder Aach, which is, despite the Holocene drape, still apparent in today’s lake bathymetry. The overlying Holocene succession reveals a prominent, several cm-thick, double-turbiditic event layer representing the most distal impact of the Flimser Bergsturz, the largest known rockslide of the Alps that occurred over 100 km upstream the river Rhine at ~ 9.5 ka BP. Furthermore, lithologic variations in the Holocene succession document the varying sediment loads of the river Rhine and the endogenic production representing a multitude of environmental changes.
Simplified Matrix Focusing Imaging Algorithm for Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing
Authors: Zhao Xinyu , Ma Zemin , Zhang Jiaying
Published: March 2022

Full matrix focusing method of ultrasonic phased array has been proved with advantages of good signal-to-noise ratio and imaging resolution in the field of Ultrasonic NDT. However, it is still suffering from the time-consuming data acquisition and processing. In order to solve the problem, two simplified matrix focusing methods are provided in the paper. One provided method is a triangular matrix focusing algorithm based on the principle of reciprocity for the multi-channel ultrasonic system. The other provided method is a trapezoidal matrix focusing algorithm based on the energy weight of the different channel to the focusing area. Time of data acquisition and computational is decreased with the provided simplified matrix focusing methods. In order to prove the validity of two provided algorithms, both side-drilled holes and oblique cracks are used for imaging experiments. The experimental results show that the imaging quality of the triangular matrix focusing algorithm is basically consistent to that of the full matrix focusing method. And imaging quality of the trapezoidal matrix focusing algorithm is slightly reduced with the amount of multi-channel data decreasing. Both data acquisition and computational efficiency using the triangular matrix focusing algorithm and the trapezoidal matrix focusing algorithm have been improved significantly compared with original full matrix focusing method.