bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic variation in CCDC93 is associated with elevated central systolic blood pressure, impaired arterial relaxation, and mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Yang Min-Lee , Sun Pengfei , Hunker Kristina L. , Li Jianping , Jia Jia , Fan Fangfang , Wang Jinghua , Ning Xianjia , Gao Wei , Xu Ming , Zhang Jifeng , Chang Lin , Chen Y. Eugene , Huo Yong , Zhang Yan , Ganesh Santhi K.
Published: September 2024

Genetic studies of blood pressure (BP) traits to date have been performed on conventional measures by brachial cuff sphygmomanometer for systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP, integrating several physiologic occurrences. Genetic associations with central SBP (cSBP) have not been well-studied. Genetic discovery studies of BP have been most often performed in European-ancestry samples. Here, we investigated genetic associations with cSBP in a Chinese population and functionally validated the impact of a novel associated coiled-coil domain containing 93 (CCDC93) gene on BP regulation. An exome-wide association study (EWAS) was performed using a mixed linear model of non-invasive cSBP and peripheral BP traits in a Han Chinese population (N = 5,954) from Beijing, China genotyped with a customized Illumina ExomeChip array. We identified four SNP-trait associations with three SNPs, including two novel associations (rs2165468-SBP and rs33975708-cSBP). rs33975708 is a coding variant in the CCDC93 gene, c.535C>T, p.Arg179Cys (MAF = 0.15%), and was associated with increased cSBP (β = 29.3 mmHg, P = 1.23x10-7). CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing was used to model the effect of Ccdc93 loss in mice. Homozygous Ccdc93 deletion was lethal prior to day 10.5 of embryonic development. Ccdc93+/- heterozygous mice were viable and morphologically normal, with 1.3-fold lower aortic Ccdc93 protein expression (P = 0.0041) and elevated SBP as compared to littermate Ccdc93+/+ controls (110±8 mmHg vs 125±10 mmHg, P = 0.016). Wire myography of Ccdc93+/- aortae showed impaired acetylcholine-induced relaxation and enhanced phenylephrine-induced contraction. RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of Ccdc93+/- mouse thoracic aortae identified significantly enriched pathways altered in fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial metabolism. Plasma free fatty acid levels were elevated in Ccdc93+/- mice (96±7mM vs 124±13mM, P = 0.0031) and aortic mitochondrial dysfunction was observed through aberrant Parkin and Nix protein expression. Together, our genetic and functional studies support a novel role of CCDC93 in the regulation of BP through its effects on vascular mitochondrial function and endothelial function.
Differential growth enhancement followed by notable microbiota modulation in growing-finishing pigs by Bacillus subtilis strains ps4060, ps4100, and a 50:50 strain mixture
Authors: Song Jun Ho , Park Sung-Su , Kim In Ho , Cho Yangrae
Published: September 2024

A 50:50 blend of two Bacillus subtilis strains positively impacted the productivity of finishing pigs. Given this observed effect, we hypothesized that each strain has distinct effects on weight gain and their influence on gut microbiota. In a 16-week test, 160 pigs were divided into four groups: basal diet, B. subtilis ps4100, B. subtilis ps4060, and 50:50 mixture supplemented. Subsequently, we compared body weight and fecal microbiota. Among the supplements, ps4100, ps4060, and the 50:50 mix yielded respective average daily weight gains (ADG) of 3.6%, 4.6%, and 3.9% by the 6th week. The weight difference was maintained through the 16th week. At the 11th week, the difference in α-diversity among the fecal microbiota was marginal, and 17 of 229 genera showed differential abundance between the control and either of the treatment groups. A total of 12 of the 17 genera, including Lactobacillus, showed differential abundance between the ps4100 and ps4060-fed groups, and only Eubacterium consistently decreased in abundance in both the ps4100 and ps4060 groups. In comparison, microbial diversity was significantly different at the 16th week (p < 0.05), with 96 out of 229 genera exhibiting differential abundance. A total of 42 of the 96 genera exhibited similar patterns in both the ps4100 and ps4060 groups compared to the control group. Additionally, 236 of 687 microbial enzymes with differential abundance deduced from 16S rRNA reads showed similar differential abundance in both groups compared to the control group. We concluded that the overall microbial balance, rather than the dominance or significant decrease of a few specific genera, likely caused the enhanced ADG until the 11th week. Substantial changes in microbiota manifested at the 16th week did not cause dramatically increased ADG but were a consequence of weight gain and could positively affect animal physiology and health afterward.
The relationship between interpersonal distance preference and estimation accuracy in autism
Authors: Givon-Benjio Nur , Marx Tom , Hartston Marissa , Aderka Idan M. , Hadad Bat-Sheva , Okon-Singer Hadas
Published: September 2024

People naturally seek an interpersonal distance that feels comfortable, striking a balance between not being too close or too far from others until reaching a state of equilibrium. Previous studies on interpersonal distance preferences among autistic individuals have yielded inconsistent results. Some show a preference for greater distance, while others indicate a preference for shorter distances, or reveal higher variance in preferences among autistic individuals. In a related vein, previous studies have also investigated the way autistics accurately judge distance, and these studies have received inconsistent results, with some showing superior spatial abilities and others indicating biases in distance estimations. However, the link between distance estimation and preference has never been examined. To address this gap, our study measured interpersonal distance preferences and estimations and tested the correlation between the two factors. The results indicate greater variance among autistic people in both the preference of distance and the ability to estimate distance accurately, suggesting that inconsistencies in previous studies originate from greater individual differences among autistics. Furthermore, only among autistic individuals were interpersonal distance preference and estimation bias associated in a manner that violated equilibrium. Underestimation bias (judging others as closer than they are) was linked to a preference for closer proximity, while overestimation bias (judging others as further away) was associated with a preference for maintaining a greater distance. This connection suggests that biases in the estimation of interpersonal distance contribute to extreme preferences (being too close or too far away). Taken together, the findings suggest that biases in the estimation of interpersonal distance are associated with socially inappropriate distance preferences among autistics.
Refining soil nutrient assessment: Incorporating land use boundaries for precision agriculture
Authors: Xu Quan , He Junling
Published: September 2024

Soil nutrient levels play a crucial role in determining crop yield. A comprehensive understanding of the spatial distribution patterns and evaluation grades of soil nutrients is of significant practical importance for informed fertilization practices, enhancing crop production, and optimizing agricultural land utilization. This study focuses on the urban area of Kashi Prefecture in Xinjiang as a case study. Utilizing soil sample data, GIS spatial interpolation analysis was conducted, incorporating plot boundary information to propose a comprehensive evaluation method for assessing soil nutrient levels at the plot level. Experimental findings revealed the following: (1) The average values of soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (AN), total potassium (AK), and total phosphorus (AP) in the study area were determined to be 13.3 g/kg, 0.74 g/kg, 0.33 g/kg, and 0.03 g/kg, respectively. Among these, AN and SOM were classified as the fourth grade, indicating relatively deficient levels, while AK and AP were classified as the first and second grade, indicating relatively abundant levels. (2) The comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrient grades in the study area primarily fell within the third, fourth, and second grades, representing areas of 29.08 km2, 25 km2, and 4.05 km2, accounting for 50.03%, 43%, and 6.97% of the total area, respectively. (3) The evaluation results of soil nutrient levels at the plot level emphasized the boundary characteristics and provided a more refined assessment grade. This evaluation method is better suited to meet the practical production requirements of farmers and is considered feasible. The outcomes of this study can serve as a reference for precision agriculture management.
Psychological capital and social class: A capital approach to understanding positive psychological states and their role in explaining social inequalities
Authors: De Moortel Deborah , Vos Mattias , Spruyt Bram , Vanroelen Christophe , Hofmans Joeri , Dóci Edina
Published: September 2024

Psychological capital (PsyCap) is a multidimensional concept entailing hope, self-efficacy, optimism, and resilience. This paper argues that it can be considered a form of “capital” explaining social inequality. We test whether PsyCap can be integrated into the Bourdieusian capital framework by assessing its relationship with social, economic, and cultural capital. We also identify different types of social positions based on the volume and composition of psychological, economic, cultural, and social capital. We use cross-sectional data from the European Social Survey of 2012 (N = 35,313 respondents; 29 countries). To test the associations with the Bourdieusian capital types, we calculated multilevel spearman rank correlations and performed confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Latent Class Analysis identified different types of social positions. We found positive weak correlations between PsyCap and the indicators of cultural capital (r ≤ .14) and positive moderate correlations with the indicators of economic and social capital (r ≤ .24). The results of the CFA showed that the fit of the 4-capital model was superior to that of the 3-capital model. We identified six types of social positions: two deprived types (with overall low capital levels); two well-off types (with overall high capital levels) and two types with high psychological and social capital in combination with varying levels of cultural and economic capital. Including PsyCap in the Bourdieusian capital framework acknowledges the power of positive psychological states regarding processes of social mobility and social inequality on the one hand and calls for understanding PsyCap as a social and group-level phenomenon on the other hand. As such, integrating PsyCap into the Bourdieusian framework can help to address the longstanding issue of understanding the relationship between social and individual differences in the study of social inequalities.
Swimming alleviates myocardial fibrosis of type II diabetic rats through activating miR-34a-mediated SIRT1/PGC-1α/FNDC5 signal pathway
Authors: Guo Yanju , Zhou Fengmin , Fan Jingjing , Wu Tong , Jia Shaohui , Li Jinxiu , Chen Ning
Published: September 2024

Myocardial fibrosis can trigger heart failure in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), and irisin, an exercise-induced myokine, may have a beneficial effect on cardiac function. However, the specific molecular mechanism between exercise and irisin in the diabetic heart remains not fully explored. This study aimed to investigate how miR-34a mediates exercise-induced irisin to ameliorate myocardial fibrosis and its underlying mechanisms. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with DCM was induced in adult male rats with high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. The DCM rats were subjected to swimming (60 min/d) and recombinant irisin (r-irisin, 500 μg/kg/d) interventions for 8 weeks, respectively. Cardiac function, cardiomyocyte structure, myocardial fibrosis and its correlated gene and protein expression were analyzed. Swimming intervention alleviated insulin resistance, myocardial fibrosis, and myocardial hypertrophy, and promoted blood glucose homeostasis in T2DM model rats. This improvement was associated with irisin upregulation and miR-34a downregulation in the myocardium, thus enhancing cardiac function. Similar efficacy was observed via intraperitoneal injection of exogenous recombinant irisin. Inhibition of miR-34a in vivo exhibited an anti-myocardial fibrotic effect by promoting irisin secretion through activating sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α)/fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) signal pathway and downregulating myocardial fibrosis markers (collagen I, collagen III, and transforming growth factor-β1). Therefore, swimming-induced irisin has the potential therapeutic effect on diabetic myocardial fibrosis through activating the miR-34a-mediated SIRT1/PGC-1α/FNDC5 signal pathway.
Fungal and bat diversities along a landscape gradient in central Mexico
Authors: Gutiérrez-Granados Gabriel , Torres-Beltrán Uriel C. , Castellanos-Moguel Judith , Rodríguez-Moreno Ángel , Sánchez-Cordero Víctor
Published: September 2024

Species interactions between bats and fungi are poorly known. We documented the association between fungal and bat diversities along a landscape gradient. Ten, eight, and seven bat species were captured in conserved, semi-conserved, and urban sites, respectively. Eptesicus fuscus, Myotis ciliolabrum and Corynorhinus townsendii were the most abundant in conserved and semi-conserved sites. E. fuscus, Myotis velifer, and Lasiurus cinereus were abundant in urban sites. C. townsendii was the least abundant bat. A total of 15 cultivated fungi genera included the fungal diversity in bats, of which nine fungi genera were shared along the landscape gradient. Penicillium and Aspergillus were the most abundant genera, and Aureobasidium, Bispora, Stachybotrys, and Verticillium were only documented in the conserved sites. We observed a higher fungal diversity associated with bat species along this landscape gradient. The individual site-based accumulation curves of fungal diversity showed significant decreasing values along the conserved, semi-conserved, and urban sites, respectively. In conserved and urban sites, M. californicus and M. velifer showed the highest fungal diversity, respectively. E. fuscus was associated to the fungi genera Scopulariopsis, Alternaria, Penicillium and Beauveria; L. cinereus to Cladosporium and Aspergillus, and M. velifer to Alternaria sp1, Bispora and Trichoderma. Conserved sites showed both high bat and fungal diversities [species richness and abundance] compared to semi-conserved and urban sites. More studies associating bat and fungal diversities in other ecosystems are needed to corroborate this pattern.
Economic evaluation on meningococcal vaccination strategies among children under nine years of age in Zhejiang province, China
Authors: Shen Jianyong , Ji Chai , Luo Xiaofu , Hu Yu
Published: September 2024

Meningococcal vaccination in Chinese national immunization program (NIP) includes polysaccharide vaccine against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A (MPV-A) and polysaccharide vaccine against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A and C(MPV-AC). This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of an alternative strategy using polysaccharide conjugate vaccine against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A,C,W,Y(MCV-ACWY) and polysaccharide vaccine against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A,C,W,Y(MPV-ACWY). From a societal perspective, we constructed a decision tree-Markov model to simulate the economic and health consequences of meningococcal disease in a 2023 birth cohort with the current meningococcal vaccination strategy and the alternative. Parameters of epidemiology, vaccine efficacy, cost, and utility were extracted from database and previous literatures. The sensitivity analysis was implemented to evaluate the robustness of the model. Compared to the current practice, the alternative strategy could avoid 513 meningococcal disease cases, 53 sequelae and 47 deaths. The ICER was estimated at $16899.81 /QALY, under the threshold of one time of the GDP per capita of Zhejiang province in 2023. The incidence of meningococcemia, the incidence of meningococcal meningitis, the case fatality of meningococcemia, the vaccine efficacy of MCV-ACWY and the price of MCV-ACWY would influence the cost-effectiveness of the meningococcal vaccination strategies. At the threshold, the probability of cost-effectiveness was 14.76% for the current strategy and 55.98% for the alternative strategy, respectively. The current meningococcal vaccination strategy had effectively prevented meningococcal disease at a low cost, but with limited serogroup coverage. Strategy using MCV-ACWY and MPV-ACWY could increase health benefits at a substantial cost at a cost-effective manner.
Immunization of cows with HIV envelope trimers generates broadly neutralizing antibodies to the V2-apex from the ultralong CDRH3 repertoire
Authors: Altman Pilar X. , Ozorowski Gabriel , Stanfield Robyn L. , Haakenson Jeremy , Appel Michael , Parren Mara , Lee Wen-Hsin , Sang Huldah , Woehl Jordan , Saye-Francisco Karen , Sewall Leigh M. , Joyce Collin , Song Ge , Porter Katelyn , Landais Elise , Andrabi Raiees , Wilson Ian A. , Ward Andrew B. , Mwangi Waithaka , Smider Vaughn V. , Burton Dennis R. , Sok Devin
Published: September 2024

The generation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) to conserved epitopes on HIV Envelope (Env) is one of the cornerstones of HIV vaccine research. The animal models commonly used for HIV do not reliably produce a potent broadly neutralizing serum antibody response, with the exception of cows. Cows have previously produced a CD4 binding site response by homologous prime and boosting with a native-like Env trimer. In small animal models, other engineered immunogens were shown to focus antibody responses to the bnAb V2-apex region of Env. Here, we immunized two groups of cows (n = 4) with two regimens of V2-apex focusing Env immunogens to investigate whether antibody responses could be generated to the V2-apex on Env. Group 1 was immunized with chimpanzee simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-Env trimer that shares its V2-apex with HIV, followed by immunization with C108, a V2-apex focusing immunogen, and finally boosted with a cross-clade native-like trimer cocktail. Group 2 was immunized with HIV C108 Env trimer followed by the same HIV trimer cocktail as Group 1. Longitudinal serum analysis showed that one cow in each group developed serum neutralizing antibody responses to the V2-apex. Eight and 11 bnAbs were isolated from Group 1 and Group 2 cows, respectively, and showed moderate breadth and potency. Potent and broad responses in this study developed much later than previous cow immunizations that elicited CD4bs bnAbs responses and required several different immunogens. All isolated bnAbs were derived from the ultralong CDRH3 repertoire. The finding that cow antibodies can target more than one broadly neutralizing epitope on the HIV surface reveals the generality of elongated structures for the recognition of highly glycosylated proteins. The exclusive isolation of ultralong CDRH3 bnAbs, despite only comprising a small percent of the cow repertoire, suggests these antibodies outcompete the long and short CDRH3 antibodies during the bnAb response.
Evolutionary dynamics in gut-colonizing Candida glabrata during caspofungin therapy: Emergence of clinically important mutations in sphingolipid biosynthesis
Authors: Hassoun Yasmine , Aptekmann Ariel A. , Keniya Mikhail V. , Gomez Rosa Y. , Alayo Nicole , Novi Giovanna , Quinteros Christopher , Kaya Firat , Zimmerman Matthew , Caceres Diego H. , Chow Nancy A. , Perlin David S. , Shor Erika
Published: September 2024

Invasive fungal infections are associated with high mortality, which is exacerbated by the limited antifungal drug armamentarium and increasing antifungal drug resistance. Echinocandins are a frontline antifungal drug class targeting β-glucan synthase (GS), a fungal cell wall biosynthetic enzyme. Echinocandin resistance is generally low but increasing in species like Candida glabrata, an opportunistic yeast pathogen colonizing human mucosal surfaces. Mutations in GS-encoding genes (FKS1 and FKS2 in C. glabrata) are strongly associated with clinical echinocandin failure, but epidemiological studies show that other, as yet unidentified factors also influence echinocandin susceptibility. Furthermore, although the gut is known to be an important reservoir for emergence of drug-resistant strains, the evolution of resistance is not well understood. Here, we studied the evolutionary dynamics of C. glabrata colonizing the gut of immunocompetent mice during treatment with caspofungin, a widely-used echinocandin. Whole genome and amplicon sequencing revealed rapid genetic diversification of this C. glabrata population during treatment and the emergence of both drug target (FKS2) and non-drug target mutations, the latter predominantly in the FEN1 gene encoding a fatty acid elongase functioning in sphingolipid biosynthesis. The fen1 mutants displayed high fitness in the gut specifically during caspofungin treatment and contained high levels of phytosphingosine, whereas genetic depletion of phytosphingosine by deletion of YPC1 gene hypersensitized the wild type strain to caspofungin and was epistatic to fen1Δ. Furthermore, high resolution imaging and mass spectrometry showed that reduced caspofungin susceptibility in fen1Δ cells was associated with reduced caspofungin binding to the plasma membrane. Finally, we identified several different fen1 mutations in clinical C. glabrata isolates, which phenocopied the fen1Δ mutant, causing reduced caspofungin susceptibility. These studies reveal new genetic and molecular determinants of clinical caspofungin susceptibility and illuminate the dynamic evolution of drug target and non-drug target mutations reducing echinocandin efficacy in patients colonized with C. glabrata.
Oxaloacetate anaplerosis differently contributes to pathogenicity in plant pathogenic fungi Fusarium graminearum and F. oxysporum
Authors: Shin Soobin , Bong Seonghun , Moon Heeji , Jeon Hosung , Kim Hun , Choi Gyung Ja , Lee Do Yup , Son Hokyoung
Published: September 2024

Anaplerosis refers to enzymatic reactions or pathways replenishing metabolic intermediates in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Pyruvate carboxylase (PYC) plays an important anaplerotic role by catalyzing pyruvate carboxylation, forming oxaloacetate. Although PYC orthologs are well conserved in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, their pathobiological functions in filamentous pathogenic fungi have yet to be fully understood. Here, we delve into the molecular functions of the ortholog gene PYC1 in Fusarium graminearum and F. oxysporum, prominent fungal plant pathogens with distinct pathosystems, demonstrating variations in carbon metabolism for pathogenesis. Surprisingly, the PYC1 deletion mutant of F. oxysporum exhibited pleiotropic defects in hyphal growth, conidiation, and virulence, unlike F. graminearum, where PYC1 deletion did not significantly impact virulence. To further explore the species-specific effects of PYC1 deletion on pathogenicity, we conducted comprehensive metabolic profiling. Despite shared metabolic changes, distinct reprogramming in central carbon and nitrogen metabolism was identified. Specifically, alpha-ketoglutarate, a key link between the TCA cycle and amino acid metabolism, showed significant down-regulation exclusively in the PYC1 deletion mutant of F. oxysporum. The metabolic response associated with pathogenicity was notably characterized by S-methyl-5-thioadenosine and S-adenosyl-L-methionine. This research sheds light on how PYC1-mediated anaplerosis affects fungal metabolism and reveals species-specific variations, exemplified in F. graminearum and F. oxysporum.
Multi-omics analysis of SIV-specific CD8+ T cells in multiple anatomical sites
Authors: Simpson Jennifer , Dulek Brittany , Schaughency Paul , Brenchley Jason M.
Published: September 2024

CD8+ T cells exert immunological pressure against immunodeficiency lentiviruses. In previous studies, we examined the TCR repertoire of CD8+ T cells specific for a single SIV immunodominant epitope, Gag-CM9, throughout SIV infection or after vaccination, and across multiple anatomic sites. We identified both tissue specific TCR sequences and TCRs shared by multiple anatomical sites. Here we use single cell RNA sequencing to evaluate if the tissue localization or TCR sequence of a CM9-specific CD8+ T cell corresponds with unique transcriptomics. CM9-specific CD8+ T cells were sorted from blood, lymph nodes, spleen, and liver from SIV infected rhesus macaques with progressive SIV infection and in animals who spontaneously control SIV replication after cessation of antiretroviral therapy. The cells were processed through a single cell sequencing protocol, creating a TCR amplified library and an RNA gene expression library corresponding to individual cells. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed no distinct transcriptional profiles for CM9 specific CD8+ T cells between different anatomical sites and between cells with shared or tissue specific TCRs. Similarly, no clear transcriptional profiles were associated with clonotypes which were shared across individual animals. However, CM9 specific CD8+ T cells from posttreatment controllers did exhibit enrichment of pathways associated with cellular activation compared to progressively infected animals, suggesting that altered transcription in distinct cellular pathways in antigen specific CD8+ T cells may associate with viral control. Together, these studies represent a thorough analysis of the relationship between anatomical and clonal origin, and the transcriptional profile of antigen specific CD8+ T cells and unravel pathways that may be important for CD8+ T cell mediated control of SIV replication.
Disordering Dance: Foundations of an emerging neuroqueer choreography
Authors: Watson Aby
Published: September 2024

The neurodivergent embodied psyche challenges dance to extend beyond neuronormative conventions. Considerations with how to securely hold divergent modes of thinking, feeling, learning, being and behaving within both the choreographic process and moment of performance are essential. As a choreographer with dyslexia, dyspraxia and ADHD (with autistic traits) – alongside significant experience of exclusion and trauma from normative dance environments – this inquiry forms the basis of my practice and now the discussion of this article, as I articulate core foundations of my doctoral research and emergent neuroqueer choreographic aesthetic. Instead of focusing on how to support the neurodivergent bodymind in systems of exclusive dance practice, such an aesthetic seeks to radically resist neuronormative performance and creatively embrace neurodivergent embodiments and consciousnesses. This article adopts a critical stance of disordering to challenge taken-for-granted neuronormative assumptions and traditions of mainstream western dance culture. Concepts of neurodiversity are elucidated and practices of neuroqueering are introduced, whilst my own positionality of ‘neurodivergent outsider’ exposes neuronormative tensions within dominant western dance culture. Discussion unfolds that situates neurodivergent modes of mindbodily being through a choreographic lens, embodying neurodivergent-centred practices that support non-neuronormative wellbeing, identity and embodiment for both artist and audience in the present moment of dance performance.
Crip slutaesthetics: Erotic object choreographies and temporal fractures in burlesque
Authors: Havard Julia
Published: September 2024

Direct, communicative and largely accessible, the choreographic tools of nightlife performance often elicit dramatic reactions from spectators, whether sexy, funny, surprising, glamorous or all of the above. This article follows pleasure, joy, erotics and pain across crip slutaesthetics into the choreographies of crip nightlife, based on interviews with four burlesque artists based in the United States with diverse experiences of sickness, neurodivergence, trauma and disability. I use movement analysis alongside attention to other artistic practices foundational to burlesque such as prop and costume creation to unravel the ways that performers Sweet Lorraine, Poison Ivory, Chaos X Machina and Jaqueline Boxx integrate their divergent bodymind experiences into compelling aesthetics and justice-oriented frames. I argue that crip slutaesthetics, that is the aesthetic qualities of crip sexual performance, can offer tools towards undoing ableism as it is entangled with racism, homophobia and transphobia that are often silenced by more formal concert dance worlds in the effort to deny embodied difference as well as pleasure from the proscenium stage.
Forest roads in Sweden – infrastructure with multiple uses and diverse impacts
Authors:   Skogforsk (The Forestry Research Institute of Sweden), Uppsala Science Park, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden, Ring Eva , Wallgren Märtha , Mårald Erland , Westerfelt Per , Djupström Line , Davidsson Aron , Sonesson Johan
Published: September 2024

Since the 1950s, more than 200 000 km of roads have been built in Sweden’s forests, making them easily accessible and open to multiple uses. The aim of this study was to review the impacts of forest roads in Sweden from a broad perspective encompassing social, ecological, and environmental factors. The Swedish case is interesting because it has an extensive network of permanent forest roads which were built primarily for forestry-related transportation but are currently used by many other stakeholders for many different purposes. Forest roads not only facilitate transportation of wood, machinery, personnel, and equipment into and out of the forest but also enable emergency response to wildfires and support berry and mushroom picking, hunting, recreation, tourism, and access to second homes. The roads increase the opportunities for members of the public to experience forests in various ways. Conflicts arise when different interests collide, for example when the interests of the forest owner clash with those of commercial berry-picking companies, tourism entrepreneurs, or reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) herding. Forest roads may have ecological impacts such as barrier and disturbance effects, fragmentation or loss of habitats, altering fauna movement patterns, and changing the composition of plant and insect species. The environmental impacts of forest roads relate to, among other things, hydrology, water quality, and erosion. Predicted changes in the climate are likely to place new demands on Swedish forest roads but, despite their extent, this review shows that there is only a small amount of rather fragmented research on their social, ecological, and environmental consequences. Overall, few studies appear to cover both social and ecological/environmental factors and their interactions, either in Sweden or elsewhere. This review provides examples of such interactions in the case of Sweden, and suggests that more research into these and the specific social, ecological, and environmental factors involved is warranted.
Management After Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury: Anorectal Manometry and Symptoms Predict Long-Term Fecal Incontinence
Authors: Trieu Rose Qizhengyan , Mazor Yoav , Verdon Christine , Jones Michael , Ejova Anastasia , Burton Gil , Schnitzler Margaret , Malcolm Allison
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) is associated with serious morbidity and reduced quality of life. The role of anorectal manometry (ARM) to guide treatment is unclear. We aimed to define the role of ARM and symptom assessment after OASI in predicting anal incontinence at long-term follow-up.

METHODS:

Prospective evaluation of 205 consecutive post-OASI women who underwent baseline ARM and symptom assessment in a tertiary setting was undertaken. Ninety-nine women were available for long-term follow-up (median 6.6 years). Associations between post-OASI ARM testing and short-term and long-term anal incontinence were examined in addition to clinical and obstetric factors.

RESULTS:

Fourth degree tears and lower anal resting and squeeze pressures were associated with short-term anal incontinence. Women with anal incontinence at baseline and women with lower anal resting pressure were more likely to suffer from long-term fecal incontinence (FI). A best-fit cutoff value of 59 mm Hg for baseline anal resting pressure predicted long-term FI, and none of the short-term asymptomatic women with an anal resting pressure of >59 mm Hg reported FI at long-term follow-up.

DISCUSSION:

Symptoms of anal incontinence and ARM in patients after OASI are both useful to predict subsequent long-term FI with a best-fit cutoff of 59 mm Hg for anal resting pressure. This provides rationale for routine ARM and accurate symptom assessment in all patients after OASI, to identify high-risk groups to follow and treat, and it may assist decision making regarding mode of subsequent obstetric deliveries.
TC-325 Superiority in Malignant Gastrointestinal Bleeding: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Alali Ali A. , Pittayanon Rapat , Martel Myriam , Martins Bruno Costa , Almadi Majid A. , Chen Yen-I , Barkun Alan N.
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The efficacy of topical hemostatic agents, recommended for peptic ulcer bleeding, remains poorly characterized in malignant gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB).

METHODS:

We performed an individual patient data meta-analysis assessing the efficacy of topical hemostatic agents in malignant GIB. The literature was searched using OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science databases (database inception to November 2023). Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing topical hemostatic agents with conventional endoscopic modalities in malignant GIB were included. Original RCT patient-level data were obtained. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Quality of the evidence was evaluated using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and certainty of evidence with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. The primary outcome was immediate hemostasis; secondary outcomes were 30-day rebleeding and the composite measure of further bleeding (persistent bleeding or 30-day rebleeding). Other outcomes were all-cause mortality, adverse events, and need for additional nonendoscopic treatment. Odds ratios (ORs) from endpoint comparisons were pooled using logistic regression models.

RESULTS:

Overall, 985 citations were identified; 3 RCTs (n = 160 patients) were included with all assessing TC-325 (Hemospray). TC-325 achieved immediate hemostasis more often than conventional endoscopic modalities (OR 46.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.89–369.1) (low-level certainty). Thirty-day rebleeding (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.11–0.70) and further bleeding (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.05–0.26) were both significantly lower with TC-325 (very-low-level certainty). All-cause mortality and need for additional nonendoscopic treatment did not differ between groups. No adverse events were reported. Subgroup analysis confirmed TC-325 superiority in patients with upper GIB.

DISCUSSION:

TC-325 seems superior to conventional endoscopic therapy in managing patients with malignant GIB. TC-325 results in improvements in immediate hemostasis, 30-day rebleeding, and further bleeding, based on very low-to-low certainties of evidence.
Needle Knife Stricturoplasty for Hepaticojejunostomy Stricture After Whipple Procedure
Authors: Mirminachi Seyedbabak , Slivka Adam , Mahmood Sultan
Published: September 2024

Hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic stricture is a relatively uncommon postoperative complication after a Whipple procedure. However, they are increasingly being observed because of advancements in operative mortality rates and the widening of operative indications to include benign diseases such as chronic pancreatitis and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. In this article, we describe a patient diagnosed with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and another with pancreatic cancer, both of whom developed jaundice after undergoing the Whipple procedure. Subsequent investigation revealed a benign hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic stricture, successfully treated with stricturoplasty using a needle knife.
Unveiling a Sour Truth: Acute Pancreatitis Linked to Apple Cider Vinegar Supplement
Authors: Alvarez Luis , Colaco Lanson B. , Ali Saba , Jabbal Iktej S. Singh , Banga Veerkaran , Avalos Martin A. , Patel Pankaj J.
Published: September 2024

Acute pancreatitis, a common gastrointestinal ailment in the United States, often lacks a clear etiology, with one-third of cases deemed idiopathic. We discuss an 84-year-old woman with acute pancreatitis possibly linked to a recently introduced weight loss supplement containing apple cider vinegar. Literature review unveils scant data regarding the risks of acute pancreatitis associated with less rigorously studied and regulated supplements, such as apple cider vinegar products. Considering the morbidity and financial burden associated with acute pancreatitis, there is a pressing need to report and disseminate awareness of diverse etiologies, encompassing drug and supplement-induced cases. This case report endeavors to address this need.
Origem das Campinaranas e os Padrões de Resiliência Ecológica: Análise em Silves-Amazonas-Brasil
Authors: De Abreu Nadia Rafaela , Reis Eusébio Joaquim Marques dos , Vieira Antonio Fábio  Sabbá Guimarães
Published: September 2024

A pesquisa aborda a origem das Campinaranas e as principais características dessa paisagem amazônica. Os resultados desse trabalho são parte de uma tese de doutoramento, intitulado: Relação entre as Florestas de Campinaranas e o Processo de Resiliência Ecológica (Amazônia, Brasil). As Campinaranas são paisagens atípicas na Amazônia, ocorrem de forma dispersa em meio a Floresta Ombrófila Densa, apresentando um solo arenoso e uma vegetação de pequeno porte. Foram utilizados alguns procedimentos metodológicos para evidenciar a origem das Campinaranas, a metodologia utilizada baseou-se em pesquisa de campo, no qual separou-se cinco pontos de coleta de amostras na bacia hidrográfica do rio Sanabani, em Silves, Amazonas - Brasil. Essas coletas possibilitaram compreender as particularidades principais das Campinaranas (solo, vegetação e intervenções humanas) através de análise do solo (química e física do solo), análise comparativa, inventário da vegetação e classificação do ambiente. Os principais objetivos foram: 1) Quantificar as variáveis (solo e vegetação) das Campinaranas da área de estudo; 2) Identificar as principais intervenções nas áreas de Campinaranas e a origem desse sistema ambiental. Os resultados demonstram que as Campinaranas são ambientes diversificados e resultantes da resiliência ecológica da Floresta após um evento de intervenção, que como verificado nas análises, as alterações no meio modificaram a granulometria do solo e consequentemente, todo estrutura a ser desenvolvida.
Sistema Faxinal no Estado do Paraná: uma Revisão
Authors: Almeida Amanda Machado de , Antoneli Valdemir , Batista Marcelo , Thomaz Edivaldo Lopes
Published: September 2024

O Sistema Faxinal é um sistema silvopastoril tradicional localizado em fragmentos de Mata de Araucária no estado do Paraná (PR). Nessas áreas tem-se a criação extensiva de animais entre as propriedades associada com a exploração seletiva dos recursos florestais. O Faxinal tem sido objeto de estudo de diversos ramos da ciência, de modo que novas lacunas e métodos surgiram à medida que as pesquisas avançavam sobre o assunto. Para verificar a evolução e os novos desafios de pesquisa acerca dos faxinais, realizou-se uma revisão bibliométrica com base em 125 artigos levantados pelo programa Publish or Perish 8. Os artigos foram organizados conforme a década de publicação (1980; 1990; 2000; 2010 e início da década de 2020), o tema pesquisado (Economia, Território, Cultural e Ambiental) e a localização geográfica dos faxinais. A quantidade de artigos sobre o Sistema Faxinal aumentou nas últimas décadas, com tendência de um aumento ainda maior até 2029. As pesquisas apontaram que, devido à expansão capitalista, fortalecimento do agronegócio e problemas ambientais, o Faxinal não está conseguindo se sustentar nos moldes tradicionais e sua continuidade a longo prazo está ameaçada. Diante do exposto, verificamos a necessidade de uma abordagem integrada que promova a cooperação entre comunidade, setor privado e entidades governamentais. Ainda, iniciativas voltadas para a pesquisa, educação, capacitação, suporte técnico e fiscalização são fundamentais na manutenção do Sistema Faxinal, aproveitando seu potencial sustentável.
¿Quién es Fedro? Estructura discursiva y análisis filosófico en torno al personaje de la obra platónica
Authors: Lujan Franco Manuel
Published: September 2024

El objetivo principal del artículo es analizar al personaje Fedro en Banquete y en Fedro. Se indaga en la presencia, la construcción, las intervenciones y los discursos del personaje en el corpus. Asimismo, se plantean dos hipótesis de lecturas a lo largo de este artículo: i) entender al conjunto de diálogos platónicos como un género discursivo y ii) asociar al personaje Fedro con la figura histórica de paidós ubicada en la disputa por la enseñanza en torno al lógos en las diferentes escuelas de la Grecia clásica.
El arresto domiciliario con monitoreo electrónico
Authors: Pardini Agustín
Published: September 2024

El uso del arresto domiciliario con monitoreo electrónico (ADME) se ha extendido por todo el mundo, incluso en la República Argentina. Sin embargo, al margen de la literatura producida en el Norte Global, no hay ninguna investigación sobre el modo en que las personas penadas perciben la punitividad de esta sanción en nuestro país y son muy escasas las realizadas en el resto del mundo de habla hispana. Este trabajo se propone comenzar a rellenar ese vacío, con un estudio exploratorio sobre las percepciones de los usuarios del sistema penal en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Los resultados muestran que la preferencia del ADME frente a la prisión es igual o más pronunciada que en investigaciones del mundo anglosajón y Europa. El «marco de la alternativa preferida» respecto de la prisión y las deplorables condiciones carcelarias podrían estar incidiendo en ello.  El rol de la pareja y los hijos tampoco puede soslayarse. Contrario a previos trabajos, el género femenino parece moderar negativamente la sujeción que genera esta penalidad alternativa. Consciente de las limitaciones del tamaño de la muestra, esta primera exploración permite orientar futuras investigaciones del contexto argentino y el resto del mundo, e informar la política criminal y legislativa.
Instituciones fiscales y Reglas. Antecedentes y aplicación en Argentina
Authors: Martino Florencia
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo aborda algunas ideas del prestigioso Premio Nobel de Economía Douglass C. North (1920–2015) referidas al desarrollo y modificación de las instituciones; nos centramos en las instituciones de tipo fiscal que revisten especial importancia en cuanto a la provisión de un adecuado ambiente tributario, de un marco para realizar transacciones interpersonales y en la evolución de las economías de los países.Las instituciones fiscales deben entenderse en un contexto que va más allá de la mera distribución de recursos y gastos entre niveles de gobierno, y corresponde también interpretarse desde las funciones que cumplen dentro de la economía y la política. Se describen los procesos de cambios políticos y como estos afectan y determinan las reglas fiscales, cuya importancia resulta especialmente relevante en cuanto a la transparencia.En este sentido, se mencionan los antecedentes legales para luego arribar a la sanción del Régimen Federal de Responsabilidad Fiscal implementado en Argentina desde 2005, mediante el cual se aplican reglas que funcionan como compromiso presupuestario de las jurisdicciones provinciales y municipales.
gobiernos locales ante el desafío de conocer las estructuras socio-productivas de su localidad y su dinámica
Authors: Barletta María Alicia , Giménez Puentes María Pía , Olivares Pablo
Published: September 2024

La presente investigación–acción se enmarca en el desarrollo de un Programa Específico  deFortalecimiento para la investigación en Ciencias Económicas (PROMCE) denominado «El perfil socioproductivo de la ciudad de Venado Tuerto y su impacto presupuestario en el marco del desarrollo del Plan Estratégico Local», la misma se fundamentó en la necesidad de vinculación de la academia con la gestión pública a los fines de generar un sistema de indicadores socioeconómicos queperm itan evaluar, monitorear y controlar el desenvolvimiento local, diseñando el perfil socioproductivo de Venado Tuerto en el marco del Plan de Desarrollo Estratégico llevado a cabo por el Municipio. El trabajo realizado reviste carácter de inédito ya que hasta el momento no se contaba con dicho instrumentoen el gobierno local. El equipo de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral construye esta propuesta que contiene componentes de investigación, aplicación profesional, formación académica y transferencia al medio. Es de señalar que, el impacto de la misma no solo debeconsiderarse para el caso concreto ya que es factible replicar la experiencia en otros ámbitos de gobiernos locales.
From Digital Philanthropy to Sustainable Empowerment: Dompet Dhuafa Riau’s Mechanisms in Fundraising and Trust Building
Authors: Khairuddin Khairuddin , Pipir Romadi  , Muhlasin Muhlasin , Ryan Pratama
Published: September 2024

Dompet Dhuafa Riau’s transition to digital philanthropic management has significantly increased voluntary donations, addressing the concerns of digital philanthropy scholars about the impact of technology on philanthropic interactions. This research aims to uncover the practical mechanisms employed by Dompet Dhuafa Riau in transforming into a digital media-utilizing philanthropic institution. Using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, the study reveals a well-established transition pattern that integrates elements of traditional philanthropy into digital activities. Digital media serves as a tool to facilitate voluntary donations from donors, effectively addressing trust issues commonly associated with transitioning to online platforms by ensuring fund allocation emphasizes sustainability. Service, mentoring, and training mechanisms further enhance Dompet Dhuafa Riau’s credibility as a reliable philanthropic institution, strengthening donor confidence and encouraging continued donations. This shift demonstrates that incorporating media into the management of philanthropic organizations creates a complex relationship between philanthropic institutions and the public, mediated by the unique dynamics of digital platforms.