bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient Safety Education for Clinical Students: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Anugrahsari Santi , Chaeruman Uwes Anis , Abbas Hafid , Suryadi Suryadi
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Patient safety education has been studied from diverse views, from academic to the professional level, yet research on its effective learning methods remain limited.

AIM: This study investigated the implementation of patient safety in the hospital, the significance of patient safety education for students, and the search for effective practical learning methods.

METHODS: It employs a systematic review of articles from 2011 to 2021.

RESULTS: The research result indicates that patient safety implementation in the hospitals and patient safety education are currently significant trends in search of effective learning methods. Several studies denote that E-Learning and videos on patient safety can effectively increase the students’ knowledge, skill, and attitude.

CONCLUSION: With the limitations of scientific writing related to patient safety learning in clinical learners, it is expected that this study can contribute to the development of patient safety teaching in the future. Future research may further examine and analyze the effect of instructional videos in detail.
First insights into the meiofauna community of a maerl bed in the Bay of Brest (Brittany)
Authors: Rebecchi Federica , Zeppilli Daniela , Baldrighi Elisa , Di Cosmo Anna , Polese Gianluca , Pisaniello Alessandro , Grall Jacques
Published: April 2022

Maerl beds, particularly those of Brittany, are important, structurally complex biogenic coastal habitats that form a unique ecosystem with high benthic biodiversity. Although they are relatively well studied throughout Europe, several faunal groups of maerl beds, such as those belonging to the meiofauna, have received little attention. We investigated the meiofaunal abundance, distribution and community structure, with a focus on nematode biomass and diversity, in a maerl area in the Bay of Brest, Brittany, compared with that on a sandy beach (Anse de Dinan, Brittany). Meiofauna was five times more abundant on the maerl bed than on the sandy beach, and 1.5 times more diversified (12 vs. 8 taxa, respectively). Nematode diversity was more than three times higher on the maerl bed than on the sandy beach and showed a distinctive nematode community that was absent from the sandy beach. Maerl beds create more heterogeneous microhabitats and promote a higher diversification of meiofauna and nematode communities than sandy beaches.
An Experimental Campaign on the Use of Natural Fibre-Reinforced Cementitious Matrixes
Authors: Bonfanti Ilaria , Fantilli Alessandro P. , Toledo Filho Romildo Dias , dos Santos Mendonça Yasmim
Published: April 2022

An experimental campaign has been carried out with the aim of using some natural materials as structural reinforcement. In a first stage, jute fabrics are investigated through uniaxial tensile tests. At this level, the chemical treatment with Ca(OH)2 tends to reduce the strength of the vegetal reinforcement. Nevertheless, this treatment seems to improve the bond between fabric and cementitious matrix. Indeed, the strength of FRCM reinforced with treated jute or flax are larger than those untreated. Similarly to the industrially produced reinforcement, as the bond strength increases, an increasing number of cracks can be observed in FRCM reinforced with vegetal fabrics. When large structural elements, such as existing brick walls, are reinforced by FRCM containing jute or flax, the strength and the fracture toughness is larger than those measured in plain walls. In particular, the increment of ductility is in direct proportion with the number of cracks developed by FRCM under uniaxial tension.
Experimental Study on the Fiber-Matrix Interface Behavior of FRCM/CRM Reinforcement Systems
Authors: Tamborrino Ottavio , Perrone Daniele , Leone Marianovella , Aiello Maria Antonietta
Published: April 2022

Masonry existing buildings are subjected to significant structural damages when seismic events occur. Over the last decades, innovative techniques like composite materials based on inorganic mortar (FRCM – Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrices) have emerged as attractive solutions for the strengthening of civil structures. FRCM shows better compatibility with masonry substrates with respect to Fiber Reinforced Polymers. The effectiveness of FRCM reinforcement systems relies on the composite-substrate bond behavior which is affected by many parameters, leading to different failure mechanisms. Although numerous studies investigate the FRCM-substrate bond, few attentions have been paid to the study of fiber grid-matrix interface behavior. In this study, the preliminary results of a wider experimental campaign aimed at investigating the interface behavior between fiber and mortar accounting for the contribution of transversal grid wires are presented. Different typologies of fiber and mortar were tested and the results are compared and discussed.
Crystallization from Sodium Sulphate Solution Confined in Red Clay Brick during Temperature Decrease
Authors: Bednarska Dalia , Koniorczyk Marcin
Published: April 2022

Water with dissolved contaminations is a frequent problem faced in porous building materials such as masonry, or cement-based composites. It regards both contemporary constructions, and those belonging to the cultural heritage. Among soluble salts, sodium sulfate is recognized as one of the most dangerous one. Since crystals of Na2SO4 can occur in the variety of forms, its crystallization in pores of a building material is a challenging and not fully recognized issue. The main object of the presented research is to identify the consecutive phase transitions occurring within red clay brick containing sodium sulphate solution during cooling. The first stage of an experimental investigation was performed by means of mercury intrusion porosimetry to verify whether cyclic crystallization has a damaging effect on material microstructure. In the second step of experimental analysis differential scanning calorimetry was applied. The technique was used to monitor the crystallization of sodium sulphate confined in samples during repeating cooling-heating cycles covering temperature range from -20°C to 40°C. It was observed that during primary crystallization, sodium sulfate heptahydrate is the first precipitating phase and the transition begins far below its equilibrium temperature. Subsequently, the heptahydrate transforms into mirabilite, which probably induced rapid ice crystallization. Nevertheless, if decahydrate nuclei are provided in pore solution, sodium sulphate precipitates directly as mirabilite with no heptahydrate formation. Such a pattern is observed for both analysed solution concentration, i.e. 25% and 30%.
Experimental Study on the Tensile and Bond Properties of a FRCM System for Strengthening of Masonry Construction
Authors: Simeone Paolo , Leone Marianovella , Micelli Francesco , Franco Annalisa , de Luca Giuseppina , Aiello Maria Antonietta
Published: April 2022

The use of inorganic matrix in fiber reinforced composites has been studied in the last years for strengthening applications in masonry construction. At the moment different systems are available after a technical qualification that allows a safe and certified use in construction industry. In the field of historical masonry the benefits of such materials are well known respect to the most known Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs), due to a very poor substrate. In this study the experimental results of a larger research program are presented and discussed. A Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) system has been tested in order to measure the tensile mechanical properties and bond properties respect to different substrates: clay masonry and natural tuff masonry. Tensile properties of the FRCM composite were measured in presence of a cement mortar, and results are illustrated. In addition pull-off tests and bond shear lap tests of the FRCM are described and commented respect to the two substrates. Tensile tests on glass fiber mesh and glass FRP (GFRP) connectors were performed and results are presented in the paper.
Experimental Investigation on Strengthening of Soft Clay Brick Masonry Columns under Compression with Fiber-Reinforced Inorganic and Organic Matrixes
Authors: Raj Gaddam Pruthvi , Subramaniam Kolluru V.L.
Published: April 2022

Masonry made with soft clay brick is commonly used in gravity load bearing of construction in India. The masonry piers and walls typically fail by vertical splitting. The purpose of this study is to improve the strength of masonry columns under compression using wrapping for additional confinement. The compressive load carrying performance and capacity of masonry columns wrapped with fiber reinforced composites in organic and inorganic matrixes are compared. For the purpose of overall improvements in cost and durability, glass and basalt fiber reinforcement is used. 30-40% improvement in the compressive performance of masonry prisms was achieved for both Organic and Inorganic matrixes. However, the specimens with inorganic matrixes were found to exhibit higher ductility compared to organic matrixes. Glass fibers were found to be more effective in wrapping masonry specimens compared to Basalt fiber specimens owing to its higher fiber count per unit length. Analytical models for predicting the compressive capacity of masonry columns with wrapping are verified against the experimental results.
Cyclic Load Effects on the Bond Behavior of Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) Composites
Authors: Dalalbashi Ali , de Santis Stefano , Ghiassi Bahman , Oliveira Daniel V.
Published: April 2022

There has been considerable attention drawn to the application of textile reinforced mortar (TRM) composites for strengthening existing masonry and concrete structures. These composites are made from textile fibers embedded in an inorganic matrix and act as externally bonded reinforcement (EBR). Therefore, a careful observation must be made of the bond of the mortar to the substrate and the bond of the mortar to the textile. Despite numerous studies of the bond behavior of TRM composites conducted in recent years, no constitutive bond behavior law under cyclic loading has been determined. In most available studies, the most common method of testing TRM-to-substrate bonds is the single-lap shear test. Contrary to that, the bond performance of fibers to mortar has received little attention and has been the subject of this study. This paper describes a laboratory study investigating the textile's interfacial bond behavior to the mortar fiber under cyclic loading. It was shown that cycling can cause a loss in strength, which varies with the number of cycles.
Finite Difference Model for the Bond Behaviour of Polyparaphenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO) Fibre-Reinforced Composite System for Retrofitting Masonry
Authors: Fazzi Eloisa , Misseri Giulia , Rovero Luisa , Stipo Gianfranco
Published: April 2022

This study addresses a numerical investigation of the bond behaviour exhibited by an FRCM system when subject to tensile and single direct shear tests. A reinforcement system, based on a polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO) bi-directional fibre mesh and a mixed cement-pozzolanic mortar is selected. The system is characterized by the presence of coated glass-fibre yarns and dry polypropylene yarns alternated to the PBO yarns in the warp and weft directions, respectively. The mechanical characterization of composite constituent materials is carried out together with tensile and direct shear tests. Concerning mechanical interpretation of the tests, within a mode II fracture mechanics, and assuming a trilinear cohesive material law (CML), the stress transfer law between the fibre and the matrix is back calibrated from single direct shear test results. The CML obtained is employed into a finite-difference model developed for the purpose. Tensile tests are modelled providing adequate boundary conditions. Results satisfactorily agree with the tested behaviour of the FRCM system.
Mechanical Behaviour of Glass Fibers FRCM and CRM Systems after Ageing in Alkaline Environments
Authors: Micelli Francesco , Rizzo Valeria , Bonati Antonio , Aiello Maria Antonietta
Published: April 2022

Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) and Composite Reinforced Mortar (CRM) are used in structural strengthening of heritage masonry construction due to their high compatibility with the substrate. Due to the interaction between the reinforcement fibers, made by glass or basalt, and the alkaline matrix, durability problems may be met in the field. In this study a large experimental program is presented and discussed in a synthetic form, with reference to glass fibers reinforcements used in FRCM and CRM systems. Ageing conditions were reproduced in a laboratory environment by immersing the glass-fibre reinforcements into three different solutions. The artificial alkaline solutions used in this study simulated the chemical aggression of lime mortar matrix, Portland cement matrix and standard alkaline solutions (ASTM standard). Four conditioning periods were applied as ageing protocol: 500hrs, 1000hrs, 2000hrs and 3000hrs. Accelerating effects were produced by increasing the temperature during ageing, from 23°C to 40°C and 70°C. The residual mechanical properties and physical damage observed by using Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) are discussed in the paper. The decay of the mechanical properties is highlighted in terms of tensile strength on the whole FRCM strengthening system and for each of the constituents.
A Numerical Study to Predict the Mechanical Response of FRCM Composites
Authors: Minafò Giovanni , La Mendola Lidia , Oddo Maria Concetta
Published: April 2022

Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) materials are increasingly common for strengthening existing masonry structures. Their popularity is due to their many advantages with respect to resin-based composites, especially when applied to stone supports. The constitutive behaviour of FRCM materials is defined by the combination of their tensile response and the bond behaviour with the masonry support, both depending on complex stress transfer mechanisms between matrix and fabric, especially in the post-cracking stage. This paper presents a numerical study which aims to predict the mechanical behaviour of FRCM systems through simple 2D models of truss elements and non-linear springs to simulate the fabric-to-matrix and composite-to-substrate interaction. The comparisons between results of numerical approach and experimental responses showing that the proposed methodology is an effective and easy tool to predict the mechanical behaviour of FRCM composites.
Long-Term Durability of Inorganic Matrix Composite (IMC) Systems under Sustained Tensile Loading
Authors: Bonati Antonio , Franco Annalisa , Grasso Erika , Occhiuzzi Antonio
Published: April 2022

Inorganic Matrix Composite (IMC) systems have been extensively studied in recent years as an effective alternative to the most known organic Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) systems, especially for strengthening applications on masonry. Despite intensive research has been conducted to study mechanical properties and bond mechanisms of such systems, also under different environmental conditions, little information is available on their long-term behaviour under sustained load. In the framework of a large assessment plan for the analysis of fabric reinforced inorganic matrix composites, long-term tensile tests have been performed on different systems in a newly developed test setup. The paper will aim at describing the proposed setup and instrumentation, as well as the results in terms of measured displacements for different combination of fabrics and matrices. Results in terms of retained tensile strength will also be presented, showing the little influence of the long-term loading on the performance of the studied composite systems.
Bond Behavior of Steel Cords for SRG Systems to Cementitious and Lime Based Mortar
Authors: Roscini Francesca , Guadagnini Maurizio
Published: April 2022

Over the past two decades, different innovative systems have been developed for the rehabilitation and retrofitting of existing structures. In particular, SRG (Steel Reinforced Grout) strengthening systems have proven to be very effective in increasing the load carrying capacity and global ductility of reinforced concrete and masonry structures, and their use as an alternative seismic retrofitting solution is increasing rapidly. Although several studies have focused on the characterisation of the mechanical performance of SRG composites subjected to direct tension or bonded to concrete/masonry substrates, the local bond behaviour of steel cords to mortar, which is critical for the overall structural performance of these composites systems, needs to be examined in more depth. To this end, a series of pull-out tests was carried out to study the bond stress transfer of high strength galvanized steel cords embedded in two types of inorganic matrices, including a cementitious and a lime based mortar. In addition, the steel cord to mortar bond was examined through the implementation of a surface-based cohesive contact model in a non-linear finite element framework and the distribution of stresses within the mortar surrounding the steel cord was analysed.
Advanced and Simplified Modeling Approaches for the Study of the Bond Behavior of FRP Systems on Curved Masonry Substrates
Authors: Bertolesi Elisa , Fagone Mario , Grande Ernesto , Milani Gabriele , Rotunno Tommaso
Published: April 2022

Curved masonry structures externally strengthened by Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) systems exhibits failure mechanisms that emphasize a local bond behavior particularly influenced by the curved geometry of the substrate and the position of the strengthening (i.e. at the intrados or extrados). Indeed, together with tangential stresses, normal stresses in tension or compression also arise by leading to a combined mode I–mode II behavior of strengthening system at the reinforcement/masonry interface level. In recent studies, the Authors proposed different modeling approaches for FRPs applied to curved masonry structures. In particular, both micro-modeling detailed approaches and simplified approaches were generally proposed. The present paper critically analyzes these models by underlining the main differences among them, the assumptions and their ability to reproduce specific phenomena experimentally observed.
Predictive Capability of a Finite Element Micro-Mechanical Model for Masonry Elements Reinforced Using CFRP
Authors: Fagone Mario , Ranocchiai Giovanna , Rotunno Tommaso , Grande Ernesto
Published: April 2022

Different commercial Finite Element Codes proved to be able to describe the mechanical behavior of masonry materials externally reinforced by means of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP); the behavior of fracturing materials, characterized by low tensile strength, with adhered strips can be reproduced relying on parameters based on fracture mechanics and the theories of adhesion.In this report the comparison is made of previous experimental test results with numerical analysis, carried out on masonry panels reinforced with CFRP strips and subjected to out of plane actions. The comparison is especially addressed to the evaluation of the post peak branch; in addition to the slopes of the diagram in the pre-critic phase, available kinematic ductility and energy shares both prior and after the peak load were considered in order to interpret the capability of the micro-mechanical model implemented in the FEM Code to account for the local phenomena influencing the interaction between masonry and FRP strengthening systems.
Design Criteria for Masonry Reinforcement with Composite Reinforced Mortars (CRM)
Authors: Borri Antonio , Castori Giulio , Corradi Marco
Published: April 2022

There is an emerging need to upgrade historic masonry buildings and infrastructures which are most vulnerable to earthquakes. An objective of a long-term research program at Perugia University, Italy was developing design criteria for masonry reinforcement using a new class of materials, using Composite Reinforced Mortars (CRM). These are typically made of fiberglass meshes embedded into a cementitious or lime mortar, which offers higher sustainability features, in terms of vapour permeability and compatibility with masonry, lower costs, and better performance at high temperatures, compared to more traditional steel rebar jacketing or epoxy-bonded composites. These design criteria have been based on a comprehensive experimental and numerical research plan that included a study of the influence of reinforcing material, coating and wall thickness, and associated masonry strength and elastic properties, and the interaction of different stress states on bond behavior at interface masonry-to-coating. A design equation suitable for ultimate load design has been developed. Finally, analytical models regarding the lateral capacity of shear walls are briefly discussed.
Debonding of Vegetal FRCM from Concrete Beams Subjected to Bending Loads
Authors: Mendizabal Virginia , Mercedes Luis , Bernat-Maso Ernest , Gil Lluis
Published: April 2022

The increasing need of society to develop more sustainable and renewable materials has made vegetal fibers an interesting potential substitute for synthetic fibers in strengthening systems, due to their considerable strength and deformation capacity. This paper aims to increase the knowledge on how the materials interact between them in vegetal FRCM composites to strengthen concrete structures. To do it, two fibers were selected: cotton (CO), due to its good deformation capacity, and hemp (HE), due to its high strength. A low-viscosity and high adherence epoxy resin was used to coat the yarns to protect them from the alkali environment of the cementitious matrix. To study the FRCM-substrate interaction, an adaptation of the test methodology described in ISO 10080:2005 was developed and performed. Three different lengths (30, 40, and 50 cm) were used to obtain the optimal bonding length for hemp case. A single case (50 cm) for cotton was tested to compare its behaviour against hemp. In the FRCM-substrate interaction, it is noticed that hemp-FRCM shows complete bonding as all except one specimen failed by mesh failure. In the case of cotton-FRCM, its deformation capacity (at least 4 times hemp-FRCM) made all specimens deform until the geometric end of the testing set up without the mesh breakage, bearing a lower load but keeping it constant through fiber-matrix friction. In terms of load, hemp-FRCM reached the highest load, 10% higher than cotton-FRCM’s peak load. To conclude, the testing method for assessing steel reinforcement bonding in reinforced concrete was proved to be satisfactory at assessing FRCM-concrete interaction, being able to transmit the load from the substrate to the composite without the slippage of the vegetal-FRCM.
Tensile Behavior of Textile-Reinforced Mortar: Influence of the Number of Layers and their Arrangement
Authors: Azimi Nima , Dalalbashi Ali , Oliveira Daniel V. , Ghiassi Bahman , Lourenço Paulo B.
Published: April 2022

In the last decade, textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) composites have been introduced as a sustainable solution for the strengthening of masonry structures. As an externally bonded reinforcement system, it consists of textile fibers embedded in an inorganic matrix (e.g., lime or cement mortar) applied to the substrate. Even though many studies have been focused on characterizing the mechanical behavior of TRM composites in recent years, there are still some drawbacks, including their tensile performance and few studies about multilayer textiles arrangement. This work aims at clarifying the effect of adding a second textile layer to TRM composites and investigating how textile arrangement affects the tensile behavior of the composite system. For this purpose, AR-glass and steel-based TRM composites were used in single layer and multilayer with different arrangements embedded in a lime-based mortar. The results show that using two plies of textile mesh improves the tensile response of TRM composites. In addition, it is found that the arrangement of different layers in the matrix influences the TRM response in different stress stages. The addition of a thin layer of mortar between two layers seems to improve the stiffness in uncracked condition and slightly decreases the final strength of TRM. Thus, the present study makes a step toward optimizing the arrangement of textiles in multilayer TRM composites.
Experimental Response of Rubble Stone Masonry Walls Retrofitted with Basalt Textile Reinforced Mortar under Compressive-and-Shear Load
Authors: Caggegi Carmelo , Gabor Aron , Meriggi Pietro , de Felice Gianmarco
Published: April 2022

Seismic events recently occurred in Europe highlighted the vulnerability of unreinforced masonry structures, representing the majority of the built heritage, to earthquake-induced loads. In particular, the in-plane capacity of shear walls under seismic loadings appeared sensibly modest, both in terms of strength and ultimate displacement, and their failure mode sudden and brittle. Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) composites proved to be a proper strengthening solution for the seismic upgrade of such walls. With the aim of gaining a deeper knowledge on the behavior of historical walls retrofitted with TRM and subjected to compression-and-shear, this paper summarizes the results of an experimental campaign characterized by quasi-static cyclic shear-compression tests. The specimens under study reproduced the rubble stone masonry typical of vernacular structures of the UNESCO historical district of Lyon (France). Specifically, the work concerns a full scale masonry wall tested under loading until the development of diagonal cracks and than repaired by a composite constituted by a basalt textile embedded in a lime mortar matrix applied onto the external surfaces as a plaster. The use of a lime mortar plaster to reinforce the structural element permits the development of a solution compatible with the historical substrate. Experimental outcomes revealed how Basalt TRMs succeeded in improving the response of damaged vernacular wall, both in terms of strength and displacement capacity.
Closed-Form Solutions for FRP and FRCM Strengthening Brittle Substrates
Authors: Yuan Yu , Milani Gabriele
Published: April 2022

Externally bonded composites have become an effective alternative for building strengthening in recent years, such as FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) and FRCM (Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix) can be utilized in this retrofitting strategy. For masonry structure, curved members are very common and tend to be the weakest parts of the system, meanwhile exhibiting bond behavior differently from that of flat surfaces. In this article, a simplified model consisted of an elastic composite strip and inelastic brittle substrate was adopted, based on which a fully analytical approach is developed for describing the debonding mechanism of FRP/FRCM strengthened curved surface under shear force. This approach requires few parameters, and can be realized with limited computational cost in a standard MATLAB environment, while providing a stable solution. This approach was then validated against numerical method and experimental data available in literatures, proving its effectiveness and reliability.
Testing of Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix in Shear without Substrate
Authors: Fugger Rebecca , Fares Sara , Meriggi Pietro , Nerilli Francesca , Marfia Sonia , Sacco Elio , de Felice Gianmarco
Published: April 2022

This paper aims at investigating the matrix-to-textile stress transfer in a fabric reinforced cementitious matrix FRCM system, not bonded to any substrate, under shear loads. To this end, direct shear tests are performed on a basalt FRCM specimen introduced into an innovative properly designed four-hinge frame loaded by a universal testing machine. The role of the single components in the global shear behavior of the FRCM is experimentally analyzed. Digital image correlation (DIC) is adopted for evaluating both the displacement and strain fields as well as for detecting the damage. Furthermore, the shear response of the tested FRCM material is reproduced via an effective numerical approach that considers the nonlinear behavior of the mortar and the possible micro-mechanisms that arise between the textile and the matrix, introducing suitable interfaces joining the FRCM constituent layers, i.e. textile and mortar layers. Experimental outcomes highlighted the non-negligible influence of the matrix in the shear response of the composite, both in strength and stiffness. The proven DIC technique demonstrated to be suitable also for this novel test type, since it allows to obtain shear strains, location and amplitude of cracks with satisfying accuracy, such as to make direct shear tests results a benchmark to be used for numerical simulations. Numerical analyses are performed in order to verify the efficiency of the proposed model in reproducing the mechanical behavior of FRCM composites under shear loads and in describing the damage patterns during the loading process.
Determining response to nitrogen of promising rice line (Oryza sativa L.) in the low country wet zone of Sri Lanka
Authors: Suseema K.S. , De Silva C.S. , Dissanayaka I.
Published: April 2022

A field experiment was conducted during the Maha season from August 2019 to May 2020 at Regional Rice Research and Development Center, Bombuwala, Sri Lanka to investigate nitrogen response of promising rice line of Bw 12-574 compared at growth and flowering stages of that recommended rice variety (Ld 368). Growth parameters and yield components of both treatments were compared under five different nitrogen levels i.e., 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200% recommended by the Department of Agriculture. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. Two varieties were tested under 5 nitrogen levels. Data were analyzed by analysis variance (ANOVA) and mean separation procedure by LSD using appropriate SAS procedures. Plant height, number of productive tillers, panicle length, leaf colour intensity, and chlorophyll content of leaves in both Bw 12-574 and Ld 368 showed an increasing trend against added nitrogen. The higher nitrogen dosages were influencing the increase of flowering days. The yield parameters including length of panicle and number of grains per panicle have shown significant differences (p=0.05) between the tested line and recommended variety. However, no significant difference was observed between the tested line and recommended variety with respect to filled grain percentage and grain yield. Hence, the response to nitrogen of Bw 12–574 was found to be similar to the recommended variety, Ld 368. The study concludes that the same nitrogen recommendation applied for Ld 368 would be recommended for promising rice line Bw 12-574. However, further investigations are needed to confirm the findings.
Mammaglobin, GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3), and epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in different breast cancer subtypes and their clinical significance
Authors: Kong Xin , Wang Qi , Li Jie , Li Ming , Deng Fusheng , Li Chuanying
Published: April 2022

Increasing evidence has shown that mammaglobin, GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3), and epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) have unique clinical implications for breast cancer subtyping and classification, as well as for breast cancer targeted therapy. It is particularly important to clarify the correlation between their expression and different molecular breast carcinoma subtypes to better understand the molecular basis of the subtypes and to identify effective therapeutic targets for the disease. This study aimed to evaluate mammaglobin, GATA3, and EGFR expression in different breast cancer subtypes, as well as their clinical significance. Subjects of the study included 228 patients with breast cancer at The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China. They were divided into triple negative (TN), Luminal A, Luminal B, and HER-2 positive (HER-2.P) breast cancer groups based on molecular classification. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect mammaglobin, GATA3, and EGFR expression in cases of different molecular subtypes before determining the correlation between protein expression and subtype. Mammaglobin and GATA3 expression levels were found to significantly vary with respect to histopathological grade, lymph node status, and molecular subtype; EGFR expression was significantly correlated with breast cancer histopathological grade and molecular subtype. For breast cancer, the expression levels of mammaglobin and GATA3, as well as mammaglobin and EGFR, were significantly correlated. In addition, there was a significantly negative correlation between the expression levels of GATA3 and EGFR in breast cancer tissue samples, especially in HER-2.P samples. These findings provide a theoretical basis for assessing breast cancer clinical prognosis based on the cancer subtype, and hence, have significant practical value.
Il corso di formazione pastorale clinica
Authors: Pangrazzi Arnaldo
Published: April 2022

Da alcuni anni anche in Italia, dopo l'esperienza degli Stati Uniti e di alcuni paesi europei, sono stati introdotti i Corsi di Formazione Pastorale Clinica (Clinical Pastoral Education - CPE) con l'intento di preparare sacerdoti, religiosi e religiose, diaconi, studenti di teologia, operatori sanitari e volontari, per acquisire una più profonda conoscenza del malato, per favorire lo sviluppo di metodi pastorali basati sulla comunicazione e sulla relazione di aiuto autentica, per facilitare il processo di integrazione dei propri studi teologici con la pratica pastorale e per promuovere il lavoro di équipe con esperti di altre discipline. L'Autore esamina, alla luce della propria esperienza, il metodo utilizzato per fornire questo tipo di preparazione: esso si avvale da una lato della compilazione di accompagnamento pastorale) da parte dei tirocinanti, dall'altro di una serie di colloqui con una figura di educatore esperto, il supervisore. Inoltre il CPE si avvale del procedimento della dinamica di gruppo, offrendo ai tirocinanti un'opportunità di reciproco aiuto e comprensione, per acquisire una sempre maggiore sensibilità e competenza per accostarsi ai malati che essi incontrano nella propria attività.
La formazione del medico specialista nella prospettiva europea
Authors: Manzoli Francesco Antonio
Published: April 2022

L'autore affronta il problema della formazione del medico specialista in Italia. In relazione all'apertura delle frontiere europee del 1993 che comporterà una libera circolazione sia dei pazienti che dei medici, e un libero mercato delle compagnie di assicurazione, dei farmaci e delle biotecnologie. ln particolare, riferendosi al DPR 162/82, si sofferma sul riordino delle Scuole di specializzazione, avanzando utili proposte per un adeguamento alle tipologie europee, soprattutto del livello di aggiornamento tecnico-culturale.
Contraccezione e metodi ciclici naturali: considerazioni
Authors: D'Onofrio Felice
Published: April 2022

Le recenti discussioni in tema di contraccezione sono state oggetto di una riflessione che prende spunto da un articolo pubblicato da B. Haring nel 1976, nel quale vengono espresse alcune opinioni sui metodi ciclici o naturali in base ad alcuni dati scientifici all'epoca pubblicati. Dopo un'attenta disamina della letteratura utilizzata da Haring, anche alla luce delle più recenti ricerche, l'Autore sottolinea come ancora oggi i metodi ciclici naturali sono gli unici che non hanno alcuna interferenza su i processi biologici della sfera sessuale femminile e che il presunto rischio abortivo, derivante da zigoti invecchiati, rappresenta un'ipotesi che non trova alcuna giustificazione negli stessi dati scientifici utilizzati da Haring quando, nel 1976, ha adombrato tale ipotesi nel raffronto tra metodi ciclici naturali e metodi contraccettivi. Di fronte al dilagare di tecniche che vanno sempre più manomettendo la vita, viene auspicato che i ricercatori abbiano sempre come fine il rispetto dell'uomo integrale ed i moralisti non si lascino trascinare dalla moda dei tempi che predilige una visione immanente della vita.
Inteligencia artificial en RTVE al servicio de la España vacía. Proyecto de cobertura informativa con redacción automatizada para las elecciones municipales de 2023
Authors: Aramburú Moncada Luisa Graciela , López Redondo Isaac , López Hidalgo Antonio
Published: April 2022

Introducción: La redacción automatizada es uno de los avances tecnológicos que más interrogantes despierta, pero también expectativas, dentro de la aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en los medios de comunicación. En la actualidad, RTVE (Radio Televisión Española) trabaja en un proyecto piloto junto a la empresa Narrativa Inteligencia Artificial para cubrir las elecciones de 2023 en los municipios que forman parte de la llamada España vacía. Un proyecto que contempla la escritura automática de noticias a partir de una herramienta tecnológica que interprete y transforme los resultados electorales y los convierta en noticias sin la intervención humana. Metodología: El presente trabajo parte de la revisión sistemática de bibliografía existente en torno a la materia que trata y constituye un estudio de caso en el que se han realizado entrevistas abiertas a cuatro de los responsables de las empresas mencionadas. Discusión y resultados: Una iniciativa pionera de última generación en la que RTVE, utilizando la tecnología como palanca, pretende incrementar la difusión y el alcance de las noticias en regiones con escasa cobertura periodística. Conclusiones: La inteligencia artificial aplicada al periodismo revierte en competitividad, flexibilidad, fluidez y rapidez. Este cambio de paradigma para la profesión debe tener sus límites en un código ético que regule esta innovadora forma de automatizar la redacción. Sin embargo, su uso adecuado  permitirá, como en este caso, integrar y vertebrar territorios, con formatos de noticias adaptados a cada destinatario.
Hotspot Habitat Modeling of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) in the Indian Ocean by Using Multisatellite Remote Sensing
Authors: Vayghan Ali Haghi , Lee Ming-An
Published: April 2022

Skipjack tuna (SKJ) is one of the most targeted fish species globally, especially in the Indian Ocean. SKJ fishery data from Iranian purse seiners and multisatellite remote sensing data were used for hotspot habitat modeling from 2010 to 2018. Spatial and temporal variables were the most important predictors in the generalized additive model (GAM), and 58.6% of the variance was explained. In the MaxEnt model, sea surface temperature (SST), eddy kinetic energy (EKE), and sea surface height (SSH) were the most important predictors of SKJ hotspot habitat suitability in the tropical Indian Ocean between 2°S and 2°N. Furthermore, of the total studied area in the Indian Ocean defined as optimal habitat (habitat suitability index>0.6), 6.8% and 5.3% exhibited ordinary habitat suitability (AUC=0.934, P<0.01) and hotspot habitat suitability (AUC=0.952, P<0.01), respec tively. Iranian purse seiners are distributed mainly in tropical areas, and in the present study, SKJ habitat was affected by environmental variables, as determined using multisatellite remote sensing data. In general, for effective regional monitoring and management strategies to ensure sustainable fisheries, diverse datasets compiled using satellite datasets and habitat modeling can help identify potential hotspot habitats, thereby enabling more accurate suitable habitat zone predictions and more efficient stock management.
Effects of Supercritical CO2 on Quantity and Quality of Extracted Oil from Myctophidae Fish and Comparison It with the Wet Pressing as a Commercial Method
Authors: Keley Mehdi Taati , Keihan Amir Homayoun , Nobakht Mohammad , Rezaei Mehran Habibi
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was investigation the effects of different methods (wet pressing: WP and supercritical fluid extraction: SFE) of oil extraction from lantern fish (Myctophidae) in terms of quantity and quality. Results showed there was no significant difference in oil production rate (p>0.05), but there was a significant difference between detected volatile components (alkanes, aldehydes, amines and acetic acid) (p<0.05). Some of Neutral lipids (Wax Esters (WE), Triacylglycerol (TAG) and Free Fatty Acids (FFA)) showed significant difference (p<0.05) and Cholesterol (CHOL) levels did not show significant differences between treatments (p<0.05). Also, fatty acid profiles showed the level of DHA in SFE treatment was significantly higher than WP (p<0.05). The acidity value (AV) did not show a significant difference (p<0.05). Also, the amount of heavy metals (Mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)) in extracted oils by SFE was lower than the other method (p<0.05). Therefore, the results of this study indicate the potential of lantern fish for extraction of fish oil in human consumption and the SFE method for extracting it.
The Influence of Social Media Influencers on Purchase Intention of Local Personal Care Products
Authors: Saputra Feliciana Yovita , Dewobroto Wisnu Sakti
Published: April 2022

Nowadays, Personal care products grow rapidly every year even in a red ocean industry. With changes in this digital era, personal care companies have to innovate in order to survive and grow. One of the ways is the use of digital marketing. There are many ways to do digital marketing and one of the popular methods is social media influencers. However, with so many new influencers on social media, marketers find it challenging to choose the right influencers to promote their products because not every influencer brings a significant impact. Choosing the wrong influencers could cause the business to lose money and harm the image of a product or a brand. On the other hand, choosing the right influencers may lead to the popularity of the product and an increase in sales. Based on that, this research is focusing on the influencers from the consumer’s point of view, in order to know the type of influencers that fit with the product offered. This research is based on literature study that describes Influencer credibility has a positive impact on consumers' purchase intention, attitude towards products, and advertising. Moreover, Influencer credibility could describe and evaluate an influencer based on their attractiveness, trustworthiness, and expertise.
Metodologia valorificării mediului școlar în contextul educației sociale
Authors: Mogîldea Iulianna
Published: April 2022

L'environnement scolaire exerce une multitude d'influences sur la personnalité des élèves en développement. Si cet environnement doit être envisagé du point de vue de l’éducation sociale, son objectif serait alors de placer les élèves dans des relations d’apprentissage collaboratives et de doter les élèves de compétences sociales. Ainsi, l’utilisation d’une méthodologie spécifique d’éducation sociale donc un impératif de notre époque, il contribuera considérablement à l'amélioration des relations sociales dans le processus d'apprentissage.
Valențe spirituale în ceramica culturii Cucuteni-Tripolie. Între credință și artă
Authors: Ursachi Rodica
Published: April 2022

The article presents the evolution of ceramics in the Cucuteni-Tripolie culture under various aspects: morphological, plastic, symbolic. The plastic decoration analysis is presented according to thematic, chromatic, composition and mode of representation. The most common ornamental motifs on ceramic pots and their significance are mentioned.
Funcțiile textului într-o situație specifică de comunicare
Authors: Strah Lidia
Published: April 2022

By emphasizing in the didactic process the theoretical and practical principles regarding the text, we tend to show that they determine the methodical organization of the teaching materials. This article aims to present the particularities of the text in terms of methodology of teaching the romanian language to students who speak another language. In this context, we try to select texts in order to be used as content, as well as the nuances of the teaching-learning and evaluation processes in romanian language to student who speak another language.
Detección del muón y su vida media
Authors: Jiménez Jorge Jara , Martínez Ana Laura García , Reyes Roberto Arceo , Magallanes Luis Martín Sandoval
Published: April 2022

Se determinó la vida media del muón. El muón es una partícula de interacción débil, y con una masa inferior a 207 veces la masa del electrón. Parte de los datos experimentales se obtuvieron en el laboratorio de física de la Universidad Estatal de Nuevo México. Se calculó un valor de vida media de aproximadamente 2.7 microsegundos. Este valor es cercano al valor exacto de 2.2 microsegundos.
EVALUASI SISTEM PENGELOLAAN PERSAMPAHAN (STUDI KASUS: KECAMATAN RAJABASA BANDAR LAMPUNG)
Authors: Huda Muhammad Miftahul , Natalina Natalina
Published: April 2022

Kecamatan Rajabasa is one of the districts in Bandar Lampung City. The rapid population growth causes an increase of volume and heap of waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the waste management system in Kecamatan Rajabasa, evaluate the waste management system and the level of community behavior in managing waste. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, by making direct observations in the field of waste management which has been carried out based on the implementation of the Bandar Lampung City Regulation Number 05 of 2015 concerning Waste Management. Based on the results of the analysis, the amount of heap of waste in Kecamatan Rajabasa which includes 7 urban villages produces ±25 tons/day and an average yield of more or less 3.5 tons/day. That the waste management system in Kecamatan Rajabasa has shortcomings such as the land area of ​​the main TPS, the number of human resources, the number of TPS/containers, the number of transportation fleets and the collection schedule and cost management has not run optimally. Then evaluation of the waste management system in Kecamatan Rajabasa that has not run optimally in carrying out 5 aspects, namely operational technical aspects, institutional aspects, financing aspects, legal aspects, and community participation aspects.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PELAYANAN PEMESANAN BERBASIS WEB RUMAH MAKAN CIBIUK SERANG
Authors: Hidayanti Nur , Gunawan Waliadi , Bahreni Bahreni
Published: April 2022

Cibiuk Restaurant is a typical Sundanese restaurant that is currently the most popular both in the culinary field, but in ordering services it still uses a manual process in its operations. From the food and beverage ordering service process as well as transaction reports, the number of customers who come to order sometimes makes the waiter make mistakes in writing the amount and the service is still less efficient, this is a problem for the waiters at Cibiuk Restaurant. With the increasing development of increasingly high technology, demands for services that are increasingly easy, fast, and practical so as not to depend on notepads. So the purpose of this study is to create a website-based customer service ordering information system using the FCFS method. To make it easier to assist orders in providing First Come First Served services or prioritizing orders that come first is one of the goals of service satisfaction to customers. This researcher collected data using interview and observation techniques at Cibiuk Restaurant. The method used in designing the system is the waterfall method and uses a programming language, namely PHP and MySQL database, with the modeling applied as a prototype. From the results of the design of this service information system, it is hoped that it can help cashiers to be more effective and efficient in terms of time and to improve ordering services at Cibiuk Serang Restaurant.