bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Table S3 from Sensitive MRD Detection from Lymphatic Fluid after Surgery in HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Earland Noah , Semenkovich Nicholas P. , Ramirez Ricardo J. , Gerndt Sophie P. , Harris Peter K. , Gu Zhuosheng , Hearn Andrew I. , Inkman Matthew , Szymanski Jeffrey J. , Whitfield Damion , Wahle Benjamin M. , Xu Zhongping , Chen Kevin , Alahi Irfan , Ni Gabris , Chen Andrew , Winckler Wendy , Zhang Jin , Chaudhuri Aadel A. , Zevallos Jose P.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Table S3. TruSight Oncology 500 gene list
Supplementary Data 1 from Phase II DORA Study of Olaparib with or without Durvalumab as a Chemotherapy-Free Maintenance Strategy in Platinum-Pretreated Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Tan Tira J. , Sammons Sarah , Im Young-Hyuck , She Lilin , Mundy Kelly , Bigelow Robert , Traina Tiffany A. , Anders Carey , Yeong Joe , Renzulli Ezequiel , Kim Sung-Bae , Dent Rebecca
Published: April 2024

Supplement
Supplementary Table S5 from Phase II Study of the Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) in Combination with Nivolumab: Results from the Gastric Cancer Cohort
Authors: Kawazoe Akihito , Yamamoto Noboru , Sugimoto Naotoshi , Kawakami Hisato , Oshima Takashi , Yamaguchi Kensei , Hino Kaori , Hirao Motohiro , Kurokawa Yukinori , Kawakami Takeshi , Tsuda Masahiro , Hara Hiroki , Kaname Shota , Matsuoka Daiko , Otake Yohei , Yasuda Keisuke , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Semba Taro , Muro Kei
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Table S5. Association of biomarkers with PFS
Supplementary Figure S3 from Phase II Study of the Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) in Combination with Nivolumab: Results from the Gastric Cancer Cohort
Authors: Kawazoe Akihito , Yamamoto Noboru , Sugimoto Naotoshi , Kawakami Hisato , Oshima Takashi , Yamaguchi Kensei , Hino Kaori , Hirao Motohiro , Kurokawa Yukinori , Kawakami Takeshi , Tsuda Masahiro , Hara Hiroki , Kaname Shota , Matsuoka Daiko , Otake Yohei , Yasuda Keisuke , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Semba Taro , Muro Kei
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Fig S3. Percent change in biomarkers at C1D8 (A) and C2D8 (B), pharmacodynamic changes in plasma biomarkers from C1D1 (C), and dichotomized analysis of plasma biomarker levels and PFS (D)
Supplementary Figure S2 from Phase II Study of the Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) in Combination with Nivolumab: Results from the Gastric Cancer Cohort
Authors: Kawazoe Akihito , Yamamoto Noboru , Sugimoto Naotoshi , Kawakami Hisato , Oshima Takashi , Yamaguchi Kensei , Hino Kaori , Hirao Motohiro , Kurokawa Yukinori , Kawakami Takeshi , Tsuda Masahiro , Hara Hiroki , Kaname Shota , Matsuoka Daiko , Otake Yohei , Yasuda Keisuke , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Semba Taro , Muro Kei
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Fig S2. Absolute neutrophil counts in patients who received prophylactic pegGCSF (A) and in patients who did not receive prophylactic peg-GCSF (B), by visit
Supplementary Figure S3 from Combining Genomic Biomarkers to Guide Immunotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: van de Haar Joris , Mankor Joanne M. , Hummelink Karlijn , Monkhorst Kim , Smit Egbert F. , Wessels Lodewyk F.A. , Cuppen Edwin , Aerts Joachim G.J.V. , Voest Emile E.
Published: April 2024

STK11/KEAP1/EGFR alterations and survival of TMB-based subgroups in the discovery cohort.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Combining Genomic Biomarkers to Guide Immunotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: van de Haar Joris , Mankor Joanne M. , Hummelink Karlijn , Monkhorst Kim , Smit Egbert F. , Wessels Lodewyk F.A. , Cuppen Edwin , Aerts Joachim G.J.V. , Voest Emile E.
Published: April 2024

The impact of tumor purity on the WGS-based TMB in the discovery cohort.
Supplementary Table S7 from Germline USP36 Mutation Confers Resistance to EGFR-TKIs by Upregulating MLLT3 Expression in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Guan Shaoxing , Chen Xi , Wei Yuru , Wang Fei , Xie Wen , Chen Youhao , Liang Heng , Zhu Xia , Yang Yunpeng , Fang Wenfeng , Huang Yan , Zhao Hongyun , Zhang Xiaoxu , Liu Shu , Zhuang Wei , Huang Min , Wang Xueding , Zhang Li
Published: April 2024

Table S7. The aasociation analysis between USP36 levels and gefitinib activity in NSCLC cells according to CellMiner database.
Supplementary Table S5 from Germline USP36 Mutation Confers Resistance to EGFR-TKIs by Upregulating MLLT3 Expression in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Guan Shaoxing , Chen Xi , Wei Yuru , Wang Fei , Xie Wen , Chen Youhao , Liang Heng , Zhu Xia , Yang Yunpeng , Fang Wenfeng , Huang Yan , Zhao Hongyun , Zhang Xiaoxu , Liu Shu , Zhuang Wei , Huang Min , Wang Xueding , Zhang Li
Published: April 2024

Table S5.Candidate genes and SNPs.
Supplementary Table S2 from Germline USP36 Mutation Confers Resistance to EGFR-TKIs by Upregulating MLLT3 Expression in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Guan Shaoxing , Chen Xi , Wei Yuru , Wang Fei , Xie Wen , Chen Youhao , Liang Heng , Zhu Xia , Yang Yunpeng , Fang Wenfeng , Huang Yan , Zhao Hongyun , Zhang Xiaoxu , Liu Shu , Zhuang Wei , Huang Min , Wang Xueding , Zhang Li
Published: April 2024

Table S2. Primers used in this study.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Germline USP36 Mutation Confers Resistance to EGFR-TKIs by Upregulating MLLT3 Expression in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Guan Shaoxing , Chen Xi , Wei Yuru , Wang Fei , Xie Wen , Chen Youhao , Liang Heng , Zhu Xia , Yang Yunpeng , Fang Wenfeng , Huang Yan , Zhao Hongyun , Zhang Xiaoxu , Liu Shu , Zhuang Wei , Huang Min , Wang Xueding , Zhang Li
Published: April 2024

Figure S4. The protein stability of USP36 and knock-down METTL3, METTL14, WTAP or YTHDF2 by siRNAs, and cell-based xenograft treated with osimertinib in vivo
Supplementary Figure S2 from Germline USP36 Mutation Confers Resistance to EGFR-TKIs by Upregulating MLLT3 Expression in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Guan Shaoxing , Chen Xi , Wei Yuru , Wang Fei , Xie Wen , Chen Youhao , Liang Heng , Zhu Xia , Yang Yunpeng , Fang Wenfeng , Huang Yan , Zhao Hongyun , Zhang Xiaoxu , Liu Shu , Zhuang Wei , Huang Min , Wang Xueding , Zhang Li
Published: April 2024

Figure S2. High USP36 expression level promoted migration and proliferation of EGFRmutant NSCLC
Supplementary Table S3 from Clinical and Genomic Predictors of Adverse Events in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Authors: Lim-Fat Mary Jane , Iorgulescu J. Bryan , Rahman Rifaquat , Bhave Varun , Muzikansky Alona , Woodward Eleanor , Whorral Sydney , Allen Marie , Touat Mehdi , Li Xiaomei , Xy Gongwen , Patel Jay , Gerstner Elizabeth R. , Kalpathy-Cramer Jayashree , Youssef Gilbert , Chukwueke Ugonma , McFaline-Figueroa J. Ricardo , Nayak Lakshmi , Lee Eudocia Q. , Reardon David A. , Beroukhim Rameen , Huang Raymond Y. , Bi Wenya Linda , Ligon Keith L. , Wen Patrick Y.
Published: April 2024

Supplemental Table 3A: Univariate analysis of molecular alterations associated with seizure at diagnosis showing significant genes at a nominal p<0.05. Genes associated with seizures at a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.2 were tested in multivariable analyses (see Supplemental Table 4).
Supplementary Figure S1 from Clinical and Genomic Predictors of Adverse Events in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Authors: Lim-Fat Mary Jane , Iorgulescu J. Bryan , Rahman Rifaquat , Bhave Varun , Muzikansky Alona , Woodward Eleanor , Whorral Sydney , Allen Marie , Touat Mehdi , Li Xiaomei , Xy Gongwen , Patel Jay , Gerstner Elizabeth R. , Kalpathy-Cramer Jayashree , Youssef Gilbert , Chukwueke Ugonma , McFaline-Figueroa J. Ricardo , Nayak Lakshmi , Lee Eudocia Q. , Reardon David A. , Beroukhim Rameen , Huang Raymond Y. , Bi Wenya Linda , Ligon Keith L. , Wen Patrick Y.
Published: April 2024

Supplemental Figure 1. Overall survival for patients with GBM stratified by seizure at presentation (A), lymphopenia prior to chemoradiation (B), venous thromboembolism (C), pseudoprogression (D) and early progression (E). Adverse events associated with decreased overall survival were PsP (HR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.01-2.22, p=0.046), VTE (HR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.06-1.89, p=0.019) and early progression (HR: 3.83, 95% CI: 2.96-4.94, p<0.001).
Supplementary Table S4 from Dual-Hit Strategy for Therapeutic Targeting of Pancreatic Cancer in Patient-Derived Xenograft Tumors
Authors: Roy Chaudhuri Tista , Lin Qingxiang , Stachowiak Ewa K. , Rosario Spencer R. , Spernyak Joseph A. , Ma Wen Wee , Stachowiak Michal K. , Greene Michelle K. , Quinn Gerard P. , McDade Simon S. , Clynes Martin , Scott Christopher J. , Straubinger Robert M.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Table S4. Gene set enrichment analysis of genes differentially expressed in sHHi treated PDX #18269 based on Hallmark genes in the MSig database
Supplementary Figure S9 from Dual-Hit Strategy for Therapeutic Targeting of Pancreatic Cancer in Patient-Derived Xenograft Tumors
Authors: Roy Chaudhuri Tista , Lin Qingxiang , Stachowiak Ewa K. , Rosario Spencer R. , Spernyak Joseph A. , Ma Wen Wee , Stachowiak Michal K. , Greene Michelle K. , Quinn Gerard P. , McDade Simon S. , Clynes Martin , Scott Christopher J. , Straubinger Robert M.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure S9. nuFGFR1 binds oncogenic pathway promoters that are also upregulated by SHHi
Supplementary Figure S7 from Dual-Hit Strategy for Therapeutic Targeting of Pancreatic Cancer in Patient-Derived Xenograft Tumors
Authors: Roy Chaudhuri Tista , Lin Qingxiang , Stachowiak Ewa K. , Rosario Spencer R. , Spernyak Joseph A. , Ma Wen Wee , Stachowiak Michal K. , Greene Michelle K. , Quinn Gerard P. , McDade Simon S. , Clynes Martin , Scott Christopher J. , Straubinger Robert M.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure S7. Kinase enrichment analysis of differentially-expressed genes after SHHi treatment
Supplementary Figure S5 from Dual-Hit Strategy for Therapeutic Targeting of Pancreatic Cancer in Patient-Derived Xenograft Tumors
Authors: Roy Chaudhuri Tista , Lin Qingxiang , Stachowiak Ewa K. , Rosario Spencer R. , Spernyak Joseph A. , Ma Wen Wee , Stachowiak Michal K. , Greene Michelle K. , Quinn Gerard P. , McDade Simon S. , Clynes Martin , Scott Christopher J. , Straubinger Robert M.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure S5. GO Functional annotation of transcripts associated with EMT, mesenchyme development, pro-inflammation, and metabolism enriched by SHHi treatment
Supplementary Figure S4 from Dual-Hit Strategy for Therapeutic Targeting of Pancreatic Cancer in Patient-Derived Xenograft Tumors
Authors: Roy Chaudhuri Tista , Lin Qingxiang , Stachowiak Ewa K. , Rosario Spencer R. , Spernyak Joseph A. , Ma Wen Wee , Stachowiak Michal K. , Greene Michelle K. , Quinn Gerard P. , McDade Simon S. , Clynes Martin , Scott Christopher J. , Straubinger Robert M.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure S4. Daily SHHi treatment drives EMT polarization
Supplementary Figure S1 from FDA Approval Summary: Ivosidenib in Combination with Azacitidine for Treatment of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia with an IDH1 Mutation
Authors: Woods Ashley , Norsworthy Kelly J. , Wang Xin , Vallejo Jonathon , Chiu Yuen Chow Edwin , Li Ruo-Jing , Sun Jielin , Charlab Rosane , Jiang Xiling , Pazdur Richard , Theoret Marc R. , de Claro R. Angelo
Published: April 2024

Event-Free Survival by Subgroup
Supplementary Figure S10 from Dual-Hit Strategy for Therapeutic Targeting of Pancreatic Cancer in Patient-Derived Xenograft Tumors
Authors: Roy Chaudhuri Tista , Lin Qingxiang , Stachowiak Ewa K. , Rosario Spencer R. , Spernyak Joseph A. , Ma Wen Wee , Stachowiak Michal K. , Greene Michelle K. , Quinn Gerard P. , McDade Simon S. , Clynes Martin , Scott Christopher J. , Straubinger Robert M.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure S10. Effect of sequential treatment with SHHi and FGFRi on PDX #18269 tumor morphology, tumor cells burden, and collagen
Supplementary Table 4 from Phase II Study of Eribulin plus Pembrolizumab in Metastatic Soft-tissue Sarcomas: Clinical Outcomes and Biological Correlates
Authors: Haddox Candace L. , Nathenson Michael J. , Mazzola Emanuele , Lin Jia-Ren , Baginska Joanna , Nau Allison , Weirather Jason L. , Choy Edwin , Marino-Enriquez Adrian , Morgan Jeffrey A. , Cote Gregory M. , Merriam Priscilla , Wagner Andrew J. , Sorger Peter K. , Santagata Sandro , George Suzanne
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Table 4. Adverse events of any grade that were reported in at least 5% of patients.
Data from Negative Hyperselection of Resistance Mutations for Panitumumab Maintenance in RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (PanaMa Phase II Trial, AIO KRK 0212)
Authors: Stahler Arndt , Kind Andreas J. , Sers Christine , Mamlouk Soulafa , Müller Lothar , Karthaus Meinolf , Fruehauf Stefan , Graeven Ullrich , Fischer von Weikersthal Ludwig , Sommerhäuser Greta , Kasper Stefan , Hoppe Beeke , Kurreck Annika , Held Swantje , Heinemann Volker , Horst David , Jarosch Armin , Stintzing Sebastian , Trarbach Tanja , Modest Dominik P.
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurpose:
We evaluated additional mutations in RAS wild-type (WT) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) as prognostic and predictive biomarkers for the efficacy of added panitumumab to a 5-fluorouracil plus folinic acid (FU/FA) maintenance as pre-specified analysis of the randomized PanaMa trial.
Patients and Methods:
Mutations (MUT) were identified using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS; Illumina Cancer Hotspot Panel v2) and IHC. RAS/BRAF V600E/PIK3CA/AKT1/ALK1/ERBB2/PTEN MUT and HER2/neu overexpressions were negatively hyperselected and correlated with median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) since start of maintenance treatment, and objective response rates (ORR). Univariate/multivariate Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results:
202 of 248 patients (81.5%) of the full analysis set (FAS) had available NGS data: hyperselection WT, 162 (80.2%); MUT, 40 (19.8%). From start of maintenance therapy, hyperselection WT tumors were associated with longer median PFS as compared with hyperselection MUT mCRC (7.5 vs. 5.4 months; HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.52–1.07; P = 0.11), OS (28.7 vs. 22.2 months; HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36–0.77; P = 0.001), and higher ORR (35.8% vs. 25.0%, P = 0.26). The addition of panitumumab to maintenance was associated with significant benefit in hyperselection WT tumors for PFS (9.2 vs. 6.0 months; HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47–0.93; P = 0.02) and numerically also for OS (36.9 vs. 24.9 months; HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.61–1.36; P = 0.50), but not in hyperselection MUT tumors. Hyperselection status interacted with maintenance treatment arms in terms of PFS (P = 0.06) and OS (P = 0.009).
Conclusions:
Extended molecular profiling beyond RAS may have the potential to improve the patient selection for anti-EGFR containing maintenance regimens.
Data from Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab in Patients with Non-Breast/Gastroesophageal HER2-Amplified Tumors: Results from the NCI–MATCH ECOG–ACRIN Trial (EAY131) Subprotocol J
Authors: Connolly Roisin M. , Wang Victoria , Hyman David M. , Grivas Petros , Mitchell Edith P. , Wright John J. , Sharon Elad , Gray Robert J. , McShane Lisa M. , Rubinstein Larry V. , Patton David R. , Williams P. Mickey , Hamilton Stanley R. , Wang Jue , Wisinski Kari B. , Tricoli James V. , Conley Barbara A. , Harris Lyndsay N. , Arteaga Carlos L. , O'Dwyer Peter J. , Chen Alice P. , Flaherty Keith T.
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurpose:
NCI–MATCH assigned patients with advanced cancer and progression on prior treatment, based on genomic alterations in pretreatment tumor tissue. Arm J (EAY131-J) evaluated the combination of trastuzumab/pertuzumab (HP) across HER2-amplified tumors.
Patients and Methods:
Eligible patients had high levels of HER2 amplification [copy number (CN) ≥7] detected by central next-generation sequencing (NGS) or through NCI-designated laboratories. Patients with breast/gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma and those who received prior HER2-directed therapy were excluded. Enrollment of patients with colorectal cancer was capped at 4 based on emerging data. Patients received HP IV Q3 weeks until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR); secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results:
Thirty-five patients were enrolled, with 25 included in the primary efficacy analysis (CN ≥7 confirmed by a central lab, median CN = 28). Median age was 66 (range, 31–80), and half of all patients had ≥3 prior therapies (range, 1–11). The confirmed ORR was 12% [3/25 partial responses (colorectal, cholangiocarcinoma, urothelial cancers), 90% confidence interval (CI) 3.4%–28.2%]. There was one additional partial response (urothelial cancer) in a patient with an unconfirmed ERBB2 copy number. Median PFS was 3.3 months (90% CI 2.0–4.1), and median OS 9.4 months (90% CI 5.0–18.9). Treatment-emergent adverse events were consistent with prior studies. There was no association between HER2 CN and response.
Conclusions:
HP was active in a selection of HER2-amplified tumors (non-breast/gastroesophageal) but did not meet the predefined efficacy benchmark. Additional strategies targeting HER2 and potential resistance pathways are warranted, especially in rare tumors.
Data from Combining Genomic Biomarkers to Guide Immunotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: van de Haar Joris , Mankor Joanne M. , Hummelink Karlijn , Monkhorst Kim , Smit Egbert F. , Wessels Lodewyk F.A. , Cuppen Edwin , Aerts Joachim G.J.V. , Voest Emile E.
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurpose:
The clinical value of STK11, KEAP1, and EGFR alterations for guiding immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial, as some patients with these proposed resistance biomarkers show durable ICB responses. More specific combinatorial biomarker approaches are urgently needed for this disease.
Experimental Design:
To develop a combinatorial biomarker strategy with increased specificity for ICB unresponsiveness in NSCLC, we performed a comprehensive analysis of 254 patients with NSCLC treated with ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade monotherapy, including a discovery cohort of 75 patients subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and an independent validation cohort of 169 patients subjected to tumor-normal large panel sequencing. The specificity of STK11/KEAP1/EGFR alterations for ICB unresponsiveness was assessed in the contexts of a low (<10 muts/Mb) or high (≥10 muts/Mb) tumor mutational burden (TMB).
Results:
In low TMB cases, STK11/KEAP1/EGFR alterations were highly specific biomarkers for ICB resistance, with 0/15 (0.0%) and 1/34 (2.9%) biomarker-positive patients showing treatment benefit in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively. This contrasted with high TMB cases, where 11/13 (85%) and 15/34 (44%) patients with at least one STK11/KEAP1/EGFR alteration showed durable treatment benefit in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively. These findings were supported by analyses of progression-free survival and overall survival.
Conclusions:
The unexpected ICB responses in patients carrying resistance biomarkers in STK11, KEAP1, and EGFR were almost exclusively observed in patients with a high TMB. Considering these alterations in context, the TMB offered a highly specific combinatorial biomarker strategy for limiting overtreatment in NSCLC.
Data from Germline USP36 Mutation Confers Resistance to EGFR-TKIs by Upregulating MLLT3 Expression in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Guan Shaoxing , Chen Xi , Wei Yuru , Wang Fei , Xie Wen , Chen Youhao , Liang Heng , Zhu Xia , Yang Yunpeng , Fang Wenfeng , Huang Yan , Zhao Hongyun , Zhang Xiaoxu , Liu Shu , Zhuang Wei , Huang Min , Wang Xueding , Zhang Li
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurpose:
Although somatic mutations were explored in depth, limited biomarkers were found to predict the resistance of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI). Previous studies reported N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels regulated response of EGFR-TKIs; whether the germline variants located in m6A sites affected resistance of EGFR-TKIs is still unknown.
Experimental Design:
Patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR-activating mutation were enrolled to investigate predictors for response of EGFR-TKIs using a genome-wide-variant-m6A analysis. Bioinformatics analysis and series of molecular biology assays were used to uncover the underlying mechanism.
Results:
We identified the germline mutation USP36 rs3744797 (C > A, K814N) was associated with survival of patients with NSCLC treated with gefitinib [median progression-free survival (PFS): CC vs. CA, 16.30 vs. 10.50 months, P < 0.0001, HR = 2.45] and erlotinib (median PFS: CC vs. CA, 14.13 vs. 9.47 months, P = 0.041, HR = 2.63). Functionally, the C > A change significantly upregulated USP36 expression by reducing its m6A level. Meanwhile, rs3744797_A (USP36 MUT) was found to facilitate proliferation, migration, and resistance to EGFR-TKIs via upregulating MLLT3 expression in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, MLLT3 and USP36 levels are tightly correlated in patients with NSCLC, which were associated with prognosis of patients. Mechanistically, USP36 MUT stabilized MLLT3 by deubiquitinating MLLT3 in nucleoli and consequently activating its downstream signaling (HIF1α and Snai). Furthermore, inhibition of MLLT3 alleviated USP36 variant–induced EGFR-TKIs resistance in EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
Conclusions:
These findings characterized rs3744797 as an oncogenic variant in mediating EGFR-TKI resistance and tumor aggressiveness through deubiquitinating MLLT3, highlighting the variant as a predictive biomarker for EGFR-TKI response in NSCLC.
Data from FDA Approval Summary: Ivosidenib in Combination with Azacitidine for Treatment of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia with an IDH1 Mutation
Authors: Woods Ashley , Norsworthy Kelly J. , Wang Xin , Vallejo Jonathon , Chiu Yuen Chow Edwin , Li Ruo-Jing , Sun Jielin , Charlab Rosane , Jiang Xiling , Pazdur Richard , Theoret Marc R. , de Claro R. Angelo
Published: April 2024

Abstract
On May 25, 2022, FDA approved a supplemental application for ivosidenib (Tibsovo; Servier) extending the indication in patients with newly diagnosed IDH1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in older adults or those with comorbidities to include the combination with azacitidine. The efficacy of ivosidenib in combination with azacitidine was evaluated in Study AG120-C-009, a phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized (1:1), controlled study of ivosidenib or matched placebo in combination with azacitidine in adults with previously untreated AML with an IDH1 mutation who were 75 years or older or had comorbidities that precluded use of intensive induction chemotherapy. Efficacy was established on the basis of improved event-free survival and overall survival on the ivosidenib + azacitidine arm [HR, 0.35; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.17–0.72; P = 0.0038, and HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.27–0.73; P = 0.0010], respectively. Furthermore, the rate and duration of complete remission (CR) were improved with ivosidenib versus placebo [CR 47% versus 15%, two-sided P < 0.0001; median duration of CR not estimable (NE; 95% CI, 13.0–NE) months versus 11.2 (95% CI, 3.2–NE) months. The safety profile of ivosidenib in combination with azacitidine was consistent with that of ivosidenib monotherapy, with important adverse reactions including differentiation syndrome (15%) and QT interval prolongation (20%).
Data from Phase II Study of Eribulin plus Pembrolizumab in Metastatic Soft-tissue Sarcomas: Clinical Outcomes and Biological Correlates
Authors: Haddox Candace L. , Nathenson Michael J. , Mazzola Emanuele , Lin Jia-Ren , Baginska Joanna , Nau Allison , Weirather Jason L. , Choy Edwin , Marino-Enriquez Adrian , Morgan Jeffrey A. , Cote Gregory M. , Merriam Priscilla , Wagner Andrew J. , Sorger Peter K. , Santagata Sandro , George Suzanne
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurpose:
Eribulin modulates the tumor-immune microenvironment via cGAS-STING signaling in preclinical models. This non-randomized phase II trial evaluated the combination of eribulin and pembrolizumab in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas (STS).
Patients and Methods:
Patients enrolled in one of three cohorts: leiomyosarcoma (LMS), liposarcomas (LPS), or other STS that may benefit from PD-1 inhibitors, including undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS). Eribulin was administered at 1.4 mg/m2 i.v. (days 1 and 8) with fixed-dose pembrolizumab 200 mg i.v. (day 1) of each 21-day cycle, until progression, unacceptable toxicity, or completion of 2 years of treatment. The primary endpoint was the 12-week progression-free survival rate (PFS-12) in each cohort. Secondary endpoints included the objective response rate, median PFS, safety profile, and overall survival (OS). Pretreatment and on-treatment blood specimens were evaluated in patients who achieved durable disease control (DDC) or progression within 12 weeks [early progression (EP)]. Multiplexed immunofluorescence was performed on archival LPS samples from patients with DDC or EP.
Results:
Fifty-seven patients enrolled (LMS, n = 19; LPS, n = 20; UPS/Other, n = 18). The PFS-12 was 36.8% (90% confidence interval: 22.5–60.4) for LMS, 69.6% (54.5–89.0) for LPS, and 52.6% (36.8–75.3) for UPS/Other cohorts. All 3 patients in the UPS/Other cohort with angiosarcoma achieved RECIST responses. Toxicity was manageable. Higher IFNα and IL4 serum levels were associated with clinical benefit. Immune aggregates expressing PD-1 and PD-L1 were observed in a patient that completed 2 years of treatment.
Conclusions:
The combination of eribulin and pembrolizumab demonstrated promising activity in LPS and angiosarcoma.
Ecos De Ciudad: La Experiencia Estética Del Barrio Desde La Perspectiva De Los Jóvenes
Authors: Cantor Juan José
Published: April 2024

En el espectro de la ciudad de Bogotá aparecen unos ecos que piden ser escuchados desde la distancia para participar en su comprensión y desarrollo, estos son: El barrio y el joven, un espacio vivido y un sujeto que lo vive. En este sentido, el proyecto Ecos de ciudad pretende generar espacios educativos para pensar y vivir la ciudad a partir de la experiencia de la vida cotidiana y esa experiencia pasa por unos intercambios estéticos que contribuyen a la construcción de la identidad de los jóvenes y su relación con el barrio y lo barrial. Así pues, esta reflexión busca encontrar cuál es el lugar de la experiencia estética del barrio periférico y popular de Bogotá, teniendo en cuenta la perspectiva de los jóvenes y sus relatos, entendiendo que su mirada de lo urbano es particular y puede aportar a la proyección de una mejor ciudad.
Reflexión sobre las dinámicas de poder en el aula: la relación maestro estudiante. Un estudio de caso
Authors: Londoño Osorio Nicolas Alexander , Betancur Giraldo Héctor , Saldarriaga Montoya José Fernando , Ruiz Sandoval Nelson Mauricio
Published: April 2024

Desde un enfoque de investigación cualitativa, en la cual se empleó el estudio de caso realizado en la Institución Educativa Gonzalo Restrepo Jaramillo, en Medellín, para este artículo se hizo un estudio de las relaciones de poder en el aula y la relación maestro- estudiante. En ese sentido, el aula como espacio de conocimiento permite que se materialicen diversas situaciones que están en función de asegurar el poder y de lograr el control por algunos de los actores que actúan como antagonistas o simpatizantes, y que interactúan en el mismo escenario. Los resultados y las conclusiones obtenidas identifican y clasifican el tipo de relación entre los actores mencionados en términos de poder. Así, esta investigación contribuye a la comprensión de las dinámicas existentes en la relación maestro-estudiante, que se materializan y ejecutan en la cotidianidad del ejercicio educativo.
Do geral ao particular e do particular ao geral: considerações sobre o mobiliário na fase purista de Le Corbusier
Authors: Paz Daniel Juracy Mellado
Published: April 2024

En la década de 1920, Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris, más conocido como Le Corbusier, encontró una fórmula para el ambiente moderno, el resultado de una purificación y concentración, de una síntesis que engloba las Artes Mayores y Menores, la Síntesis de las Artes. El artículo analiza la relación entre Arquitectura y Mobiliario en esta década. Corbusier tipificó el mobiliario, organizado bajo el concepto de equipamiento, que también lo conectó con la vivienda y con otros aspectos y sectores de la ciudad. Este nuevo mobiliario, encontrado en el mercado o diseñado por su oficina, estaría dispuesto de acuerdo con estrategias muy particulares. Frente a la tipificación, aparece la mezcla y el desplazamiento de procedimientos entre Mobiliario y Arquitectura, incluyendo una expresión entre escalas construidas muy diferentes.
Percepção e reflexões do processo de projeto em espaços públicos na cidade de Florianópolis
Authors: Jeffe Ana Paula Magalhães , Luciano Patrícia Turazzi , Vaz Carlos Eduardo Versola , Pfützenreuter Andréa Hols
Published: April 2024

El diseño universal, a pesar de su relevancia, tiene sus principios poco observados en el desarollo de diseños de estudiantes y profesionales. De manera tradicional, el acto de diseñar corresponde a la búsqueda de una respuesta a un problema mapeado. Con el fin de esbozar posibles enfoques de diseño que incorporen el diseño universal, este estudio llevó a cabo un análisis de tres espacios públicos desde la perspectiva de los principios del diseño universal de Connell et al (1997), reforzado por la percepción sensorial de Juhani Pallasmaa (2011) y el lenguaje de patrones de Christopher Alexander (1977). Los espacios fueron analizados mediante observación y análisis documental. El resultado es un enfoque de diseño centrado en las relaciones y dinámicas entre los futuros usuarios y el artefacto diseñado.
Oscar Niemeyer no Château La Coste: moderno até o fim
Authors: Noto Felipe de Souza
Published: April 2024

The recent inauguration of the Oscar Niemeyer Pavilion in the tourist complex of the Château La Coste winery (2022), in France, is taken by this article as an opportunity to raise questions about the methodological procedures of the Brazilian architect. Recurrent aspects are recognized in his way of designing, which go back to the period when his work matured, in the 1940s and 1950s. This movement suggests comparisons with other artistic operators: from his neighbor Richard Serra (with a recent work in the same complex) to Steven Spielberg, borrowed here as a guide for a theoretical detour that reaffirms the arguments.
Sympathetic Pathophysiology in Hypertension Origins: The Path to Renal Denervation
Authors: Esler Murray D. , Osborn John W. , Schlaich Markus P.
Published: April 2024

The importance of the sympathetic nervous system in essential hypertension has been recognized in 2 eras. The first was in early decades of the 20
th
century, through to the 1960s. Here, the sympathetic nervous system was identified as a target for the treatment of hypertension, and an extensive range of antiadrenergic therapies were developed. Then, after a period of lapsed interest, in a second era from 1985 on, the development of precise measures of human sympathetic nerve firing and transmitter release allowed demonstration of the importance of neural mechanisms in the initiation and maintenance of the arterial blood pressure elevation in hypertension. This led to the development of a device treatment of hypertension, catheter-based renal denervation, which we will discuss.
A review of the Heteroclinus heptaeolus complex (Pisces: Blennioidei: Clinidae), with three new species and discussion of use of proportions in taxonomic studies
Authors: HOESE DOUGLASS F. , HAY AMANDA , DIBATTISTA JOSEPH D.
Published: April 2024

The present paper reviews the Heteroclinus heptaeolus complex known only from temperate regions of Australia. Five species are recognised, with three of the species described as new, H. colemani, a deep bodied species often found around red algae, H. whitleyi, with two disjunct populations and a species very close to and sympatric with H. heptaeolus (Ogilby), H. longicauda, a slender species, lacking an orbital tentacle. In addition, Heteroclinus wilsoni (Lucas) is recognised as a distinct species and a neotype is selected. The species are separated on the bases of live coloration, pectoral ray, dorsal spine and anal ray counts, gill raker counts, development of orbital tentacle, first dorsal fin height and body depth. Analysis of measurements indicates that proportions commonly used to separate species are often unreliable, because of high variation and significant changes with size. Proportions were found to not be good estimates of the slope of the regression line of various characters with the standard length.
The six-spotted spider mite, Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) in Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA: a revised morphological and molecular-based concept, synonyms, and related species
Authors: BEARD JENNIFER J. , BEAULIEU FRÉDÉRIC , KNEE WAYNE , GOTOH TETSUO
Published: April 2024

Based on morphological and molecular evidence, Eotetranychus asiaticus Ehara is confirmed as a junior synonym of E. sexmaculatus (Riley). Eotetranychus queenslandicus Manson differs to E. sexmaculatus in some morphological characters states, and currently there is insufficient evidence to confirm if it is also a junior synonym. We therefore propose that it remains a valid species until fresh material can be collected from the type host (Codiaeum variegatum (L.) A.Juss.; Euphorbiaceae) in the type location (Freshwater, Queensland, Australia) for molecular analysis and further comparisons. Eotetranychus sexmaculatus is confirmed as present in Australia and New Zealand. Our analyses indicate that specimens identified as E. sexmaculatus from avocado (Persea americana Mill.; Lauraceae) in Western Australia and New Zealand, and specimens of E. asiaticus from the type host (Ficus erecta Thunb.; Moraceae) and type location (Tomigusuku, Okinawa, Japan) are conspecific with specimens of E. sexmaculatus recently collected from the type host (Citrus sp.; Rutaceae) and type location (Florida, USA), with 0–3.6% divergence in a fragment (451 bp) of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), and 0–0.3% in the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer II (ITS2) gene. Herein we redefine E. sexmaculatus, providing a revised diagnosis, notes on leg chaetotaxy, and variation in the shape of the aedeagus—which is a keystone feature critical for determining species boundaries of spider mite species that have males. Our findings also reinforce the potential of the eupathidion on the palptarsus suζ (i.e. the spinneret) for species diagnoses.
Making Social Science Actionable for the NWS: The Brief Vulnerability Overview Tool (BVOT)
Authors: Friedman Jack R. , LaDue Daphne S. , Hurst Elizabeth H. , Saunders Michelle E. , Marmo Alex N.
Published: April 2024

This paper provides an introduction to a new tool that is designed to provide operationally useful vulnerability information to National Weather Service (NWS) Weather Forecasting Offices (WFOs). The Brief Vulnerability Overview Tool (BVOT) is a shapefile containing local known, spatially specific, and weather-hazard-related vulnerabilities in a format that is easily integrated into the existing forecasting, warning, and decision support responsibilities and tasks of NWS WFO meteorologists. The methods for gathering vulnerability data and then building a BVOT for a WFO leverage and strengthen the relationships that NWS WFOs already have with their local emergency managers (EMs) and core partners to work together to identify operationally useful, local vulnerability knowledge. The BVOT is populated with discrete, known vulnerabilities to provide NWS meteorologists spatial situational awareness of those people, places, and things of greatest concern to their core partners. Crucially, the BVOT is a subsample of all potential vulnerabilities; its primary purpose is to make meteorologists aware of those weather-hazard-specific vulnerabilities that, as we posed to them, “keep them awake at night.” Here, we describe the development of the BVOT as a social science–informed operational tool; how the BVOT methods have evolved and how it can be integrated into the culture of the NWS as a tool for building and maintaining relationships with partners; and how the BVOT is designed to be used and its impact on operational decision-making as observed in NOAA’s Hazardous Weather Testbed.
Quantifying the Impacts of Land-Cover Change on the Hydrologic Response to Hurricane Ida in the Lower Mississippi River Basin
Authors: Tran Hoang , Fang Yilin , Tan Zeli , Zhou Tian , Leung L. Ruby
Published: April 2024

The Lower Mississippi River basin (LMRB) has experienced significant changes in land cover and is one of the most vulnerable regions to hurricanes in the United States. Here, we study the impacts of land-cover change on the hydrologic response to Hurricane Ida in LMRB. By using an integrated surface–subsurface hydrologic model, Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Land Model coupled with the three-dimensional ParFlow subsurface flow model (ELM-ParFlow), we simulate the effects of land-cover change on the flood volume and peak timing induced by rainfall from Hurricane Ida. The results show that land-cover changes from 1850 to 2015, which resulted in a smoother surface and less vegetation, exacerbated both flood peak time and volume induced by Hurricane Ida. The effects of land-cover changes can be decomposed into two mechanisms: a smoother surface routes more water faster to a watershed outlet and less vegetation allows more water to contribute to surface runoff. By comparing scenarios in which the two mechanisms were isolated, we found that changes in soil moisture due to vegetation cover change have more dominant effects on floods in the southern part and changes in Manning’s coefficient have the largest effect on floods in the northern part of the LMRB. The study provides important insights into the complex relationship between land-use, land-cover, and hydrologic processes in coastal regions.
Complete Remission of Metastatic Melanoma of the Scalp Following Treatment With Nivolumab Plus Relatlimab
Authors: McMinn Mary E. , Brister Kelly A. , Orr W. Shannon , Sheehan Natale T. , Christopher Wade O.
Published: March 2024

Melanoma is an aggressive malignancy accounting for approximately 1% of all skin cancers. The standard of care for distant melanoma of the skin is immunotherapy with PD-1 inhibitors (nivolumab) or CTLA-4 inhibitors. In March 2022, the FDA approved the combination of nivolumab with relatlimab, a lymphocyte-activation gene 3 antibody. There are few reports on the efficacy of treating widespread multivisceral metastatic melanoma with nivolumab plus relatlimab with a complete clinical response. We describe the diagnosis and management of a patient with metastatic nodular melanoma treated with palliative resection of the primary tumor followed by immunotherapy with nivolumab and relatlimab. Four months after his first treatment, he had no evidence of disease on PET scan. He continued to show no evidence of disease at recent follow-up. Treatment of metastatic melanoma of the skin with nivolumab and relatlimab is an effective approach showing greater benefit to patients than nivolumab alone.
A Daily Checklist Method Increases Documentation of Code Status in Trauma Patients
Authors: Bontrager Alexandria M. , Ouadah Sarah J. , Anand Malini , Smith Michael C.
Published: March 2024

Objectives

While insufficient code status documentation (CSD) is a longstanding challenge, all patients deserve the opportunity to participate in decision-making regarding code status, especially trauma patients with an unpredictable course. Prior interventions to increase CSD relied on reminder systems. We hypothesize that introducing a daily checklist will increase CSD for patients in the trauma ICU.

Methods

This quality improvement study examined the efficacy of a twice-daily checklist for improving CSD in trauma patients at a level I trauma center. A pre-intervention (PRE) and post-intervention (POST) daily census characterized the percentage of patients with CSD (primary outcome), time-to-code status (TTCS, secondary outcome) documentation, and information about patients who were discharged with no code status (DNCS, secondary outcome).

Results

Of 213 PRE and 207 POST, daily census CSD for all patients increased from a median of 50.0% PRE to 64.4% POST ( P < .05). Time-to-code status was halved (PRE: 25.30 h, POST: 12.71 h, P < .05). Code status documentation within 12 h increased from 41.8% PRE to 60.9% POST ( P < .05). Overall, the percentage of patients with CSD during their hospitalization increased 20% (PRE: 63.8%, POST: 83.6%, P < .05). Discharged with no code status patients decreased 20% (PRE: 35.2%, POST: 15.5%, P < .05).

Conclusion

Including code status in a daily checklist involving key aspects of care for trauma patients is an effective method for improving code status documentation. Capturing code status for more patients in trauma allows us to provide patient-centered, goal-concordant care.
The Impact of Pre-Trauma Steroid Use on Wound Healing and Outcomes
Authors: Derouen Kaleb , Aleman Sarah , Travis Harrison , Hunt John P. , Marr Alan , Greiffenstein Patrick , Stuke Lance , Schoen Jonathan , Smith Alison
Published: March 2024

This study presents data on pre-trauma steroid use, a topic underrepresented in the trauma literature. Long-term steroid use has been linked to impaired wound healing, compromised immune responses, and hindrance of bone healing, alongside the potential for adrenal insufficiency during traumatic events. The aim of this study was to conduct a retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes for trauma patients with chronic steroid use. Examining adult trauma cases with pre-trauma steroid use at a level 1 trauma center (January 2016-September 2023), we identified 18 patients (58.6 ± 19.4 years, 55.6% males). All were on prednisone prior to trauma activation and 66.7% had autoimmune disease. Complications included orthopedic fractures (72.2%), ICU admissions (16.7%), and low mortality (5.6%). Future larger, multi-center studies are needed to determine the impact of immunosuppression and pre-trauma steroids on clinical outcomes.
Geriatric Bariatric Surgery: Outcomes at a Single Institution
Authors: Zhan-Moodie Samantha , Stadsvold Brianna , Mannon Elinor , Schlafly Madeleine , Lee Taylor , Forester Mary Caroline , Moore Gabrielle , Marino Kate , Sapkalova Viktoriya , Ghiathi Hana , McClain Jack , Bolduc Aaron , Hilton Lisa R.
Published: March 2024

Obesity, especially in those over the age of 65, is associated with multiple comorbidities and decreased quality of life. Bariatric surgery is an effective method of weight loss and management of comorbidities and is increasingly utilized in younger and middle-aged populations. A retrospective review was performed of patients ≥65 years old who underwent bariatric surgery between 2018 and 2021 at a single institution to evaluate the safety and efficacy of bariatric surgery in older populations. A total of 11 patients were identified with a mean age of 67.5, ranging from 65 to 78. All patients had obesity-related comorbidities including hypertension (90.9%), obstructive sleep apnea (72.7%), diabetes mellitus (54.5%), hyperlipidemia (45.5%), and others. The mean %EWL at 12 months was 26.1% with improvement in comorbidities and no post-operative complications. Our results demonstrate that bariatric surgery can be safe for the geriatric population with improvement in weight loss and comorbidities.
Size of Splenic Subcapsular Hematoma Is Associated With Varying Outcomes of Nonoperative Management
Authors: Dhillon Navpreet K. , Harfouche Melike N. , DuBose Joseph J. , Kozar Rosemary A. , Scalea Thomas M.
Published: March 2024

The presence of a splenic subcapsular hematoma (SCH) has been associated with higher rates of failure of nonoperative management (FNOM) in patients with blunt splenic injury (BSI), with rates up to 80%. We hypothesized that contemporary rates are lower. A retrospective review was conducted of patients admitted with BSI to a level I trauma center (2016-2021). Patients with SCH who had FNOM were compared to those who did not. There were 661 BSI patients, of which 102 (15.4%) had SCH. Among the SCH patients, 8 (7.8%) had FNOM. Failure of nonoperative management was higher in patients who had a SCH measuring 15 mm or greater. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest study to date examining the relationship between SCH and FNOM. The presence of a SCH alone is not associated with a high risk for FNOM contrary to previous literature. However, SCH thickness was larger in those who failed.
What resources do people with persistent pain use to help them better understand their pain? A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Xie Tenglong , Chalmers K Jane , Moseley G Lorimer , Wallwork Sarah B
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

Pain education has been shown to reduce pain and disability in people with persistent pain by increasing their understanding of ‘how pain works’. There are many resources that people can engage with to help them learn about pain. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the resources with which people with persistent pain engage, to learn about pain. Secondary aims included investigating the helpfulness of those resources, whether people assess the quality of the resources with which they engage and whether the resources sought differed according to whether or not they had a diagnosis for their pain.

Design:

Cross-sectional descriptive study.

Setting:

Online and paper-based surveys.

Methods:

People with persistent pain were recruited through advertising on social media and through local university health clinics. Participants completed a survey providing details about their pain condition, the resources with which they engaged to learn about pain, how useful they found these resources and whether they assessed the quality of the resources used.

Results:

Data were collected from 127 online surveys (80% female; age [± SD] was 41 [±16] years). Healthcare professionals were the most common resource with which participants engaged (85.0%), followed by the Internet (68.5%) and scientific articles (52.8%). Books and scientific articles had the highest helpfulness rating; healthcare professionals and pamphlets had the lowest. Most respondents (85.3%) reported assessing the quality of the resources they engaged with.

Conclusion:

Despite being the most common resource participants engaged with, healthcare professionals were awarded some of the lowest helpfulness ratings. Care needs to be taken to ensure that people with persistent pain are directed towards learning resources that can provide helpful, relevant and evidence-based information.
Preparation and intrinsical flame resistance of reed-based polyurethane foam modified by 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10 phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide
Authors: Jiao Xiaofei , Zhang Wenjing , Wu Ruiying , Ma Haiyun , Jiao Yunhong , Huo Li
Published: April 2024

The production of polyurethane foam (PUF) from green and sustainable agricultural waste reeds could replace traditional petroleum-based PUF. In this paper, reed naturally contains nano-SiO2.was liquefied to reed-based polyol (R-P) using Castor oil and PEG-400 as a compound solvent and H2SO4 as a catalyst, The liquefaction efficiency is as high as 97.16%; Reed-based polyurethane foam (R-PUF) was prepared with R-P, water, and isocyanate by one-pot and free rise method. Moreover, DOPO with a rigid ring and Phosphorus was introduced into the cross-linked structure of rigid PUF as a reactive-type flame retardant. The mechanical properties, microstructure, thermal stability, and flame retardance of the R-PUFs were investigated, The results showed that the density of R-PUF was 33.03 kg/m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0350 W/(m·K), and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) was 20.5%, which was higher than petroleum-based polyurethane; the 6%-DOPO PUF has better flame retardant and thermal stability. The mechanism of R-PUF added DOPO is intrinsic flame retardant and the result of the presence of the gas phase inhibiting the combustion chain reaction and the coalescence phase blocking the transfer of oxygen and heat to the interior of the foam.