bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Existence results of solutions for some fractional neutral functional integro-differential equations with infinite delay
Authors: Nouri Kazem , Nazari Marjan , Keramati Bagher
Published: June 2017

In this paper, by means of the Banach fixed point theorem and the Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem, we investigate the existence of solutions for some fractional neutral functional integro-differential equations involving infinite delay. This paper deals with the fractional equations in the sense of Caputo fractional derivative and in the Banach spaces. Our results generalize the previous works on this issue. Also, an analytical example is presented to illustrate our results.
Tracking Dietary Patterns over 20 Years from Childhood through Adolescence into Young Adulthood: The Saskatchewan Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study
Authors: Movassagh Elham , Baxter-Jones Adam , Kontulainen Saija , Whiting Susan , Vatanparast Hassanali
Published: June 2017

Dietary patterns established during adolescence might play a role in adulthood disease. We examined the stability of dietary patterns (DPs) from childhood through adolescence and into young adulthood (from age 8 to 34 years). Data from 130 participants (53 females) of Saskatchewan Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study (aged 8-15 years, at baseline) were included. Multiple 24-hour recalls were collected annually from 1991 to 1997, 2002 to 2005 and 2010 and 2011. Using principal component analysis, “Vegetarian-style”, “Western-like”, “High-fat, high-protein”, “Mixed” and “Snack” DPs were derived at baseline. Applied DP scores for all annual measurements were calculated using factor loading of baseline DPs and energy-adjusted food group intakes. We analyzed data using generalized estimating equations. The tracking coefficient represents correlation between baseline dietary pattern scores and all other follow-up dietary pattern scores. We found a moderate tracking for the “Vegetarian-style” (ß=0.44, P<0.001) and “High-fat, high-protein” (ß=0.39, P<0.001) DPs in females and “Vegetarian-style” DP (ß=0.30, P<0.001) in males. Remaining DPs showed a poor-to-fair tracking in both sexes. No tracking for “Western-like” DP in females was observed. Assessing overall change in DP scores from childhood to young adulthood showed an increasing trend in adherence to “Vegetarian-style” DP and decreasing trend in adherence to “High-fat, high-protein” DP by age in both sexes (P<0.001). While “Western-like” and “Mixed” DP scores increased only in males (P<0.001). These findings suggest that healthy dietary habits established during childhood and adolescence moderately continue into adulthood.
The Open Energy Modelling Framework (oemof) - A novel approach in energy system modelling
Authors: Hilpert Simon , Kaldemeyer Cord , Krien Uwe , Günther Stephan , Wingenbach Clemens , Plessmann Guido
Published: June 2017

Energy system models have become indispensable to shape future energy systems by providing insights into different trajectories. However, sustainable systems with high shares of renewable energy are characterised by growing crosssectoral interdependencies and decentralised structures. To capture important properties of increasingly complex energy systems, sophisticated and flexible modelling environments are needed. This paper presents the Open Energy Modelling Framework (oemof) as a novel approach in energy system modelling, representation and analysis. The framework forms a structured set of tools and sub-frameworks to construct comprehensive energy system models and has been published open source under a free licence. Using a collaborative development approach and extensive documentation on different levels, the framework seeks for a maximum level of transparency. Based on a generic graph based description of energy systems it is well suited to flexibly model complex crosssectoral systems ranging from a distributed or urban to a transnational scale. This makes the framework a multi-purpose modelling environment for strategic planning of future energy systems.
Margarines and fast-food French fries: low content of trans fatty acids
Authors: Astiasarán Iciar , Abella Elena , Gatta Giulia , Ansorena Diana
Published: June 2017

The lipid fraction of margarines and fast-food French-fries, two types of foods traditionally high in trans fatty acids (TFA), is assessed. TFA data reported worldwide during the last 20 years have been gathered, and show that some countries still report high TFA amounts in these products.
The content of TFA was analysed in margarines (2 store and 4 premium brands) and French-fries from fast-food restaurants (5 chains). Margarines showed mean values of 0.68% and 0.43% (gTFA/100g fat) for store and premium brands, respectively. French-fries values ranged from 0.49% to 0.89%. All samples were lower than the 2% set by some European countries as the maximum legal content of TFA in fats, and contained less than 0.5g/serving, so they could also be considered “trans free products”.
This work confirmed that the presence of TFA is not significant in the two analysed products and contributes to update food composition tables, key tools for epidemiological and nutrition studies.
Integrating climate change and land use impacts to explore forest conservation policy
Authors: Choe Hyeyeong
Published: June 2017

A scenario-based approach to the impacts of land use and climate change can help in identifying future policy directions. This study models the impacts of different land use and climate change scenarios on the forest ecosystems of South Korea to identify national-scale forest policy options. Climatically suitable forest areas for 1,031 climate vulnerable plant species were identified for current time and for 2050. We calculated change in species richness under four climate projections. We built forest conversion models and created four 2050 forest scenarios: (1) forest loss continues at current rates; (2) similar loss, but with conservation in areas with suitable future climates; (3) a reduction of loss by 50%; and (4) a combination of preservation and overall reduction of loss by 50%. We then crossed the forest conversion models with the climate-driven change in species richness, and categorized current forest areas into four classes to offer forest policy alternatives. By deploying the scenarios which preserve climatically suitable forests, the average species richness where forests converting to other land uses reduced significantly. We suggest conserving forests with suitable climates for biodiversity conservation and the establishment of forest plantations targeted to areas where species richness will decline based on our results.
Micronutrient supplementation in gastric bypass surgery: prospective study on inﬂammation and iron metabolism in premenopausal women
Authors: Marin Flávia Andréia , Verlengia Rozangela , Crisp Alex Harley , Sousa Novais Patrícia Fátima , Rasera-Junior Irineu , De Oliveira Maria Rita Marques
Published: June 2017

Micronutrient supplementation in gastric bypass surgery: prospective study  on infl ammation and iron metabolism in premenopausal women
Factores de riesgo relacionados con los hábitos de vida en pacientes con patología osteomuscular
Authors: Nestares María Teresa , Salinas Macarena , De Teresa Carlos , Díaz-Castro Javier , Moreno-Fernández Jorge , López-Frías Magdalena
Published: June 2017

Introducción: las enfermedades osteomusculares (EOM) engloban una serie de patologías discapacitantes con alta incidencia y prevalencia, representando un alto costo económico y social. Es fundamental su prevención, por lo que es de gran interés determinar factores de riesgo modificables, como son los relacionados con los hábitos de vida.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y trasversal en 91 pacientes seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio sistemático y que fueron distribuidos en tres grupos experimentales según la causa y evolución de su EOM (cervicalgia, gonalgia y lumbalgia). Se realizó una medición biométrica, evaluación nutricional, de la actividad física y laboral, del balance muscular y del estado oxidativo.Resultados: el sexo femenino es el más afectado por la presencia de lesiones osteomusculares como cervicalgia y lumbalgia. En conjunto, la mayor parte de los pacientes (67,4%) tiene normopeso, el 24,41% sobrepeso y tan solo un 8,1% obesidad tipo I. Los pacientes con cervicalgia son el grupo que realiza menos actividad física y peor balance muscular presentan. El estrés oxidativo fue superior en pacientes con gonalgia que en los otros grupos. Con respecto a la dieta consumida, se observan diferencias entre grupos experimentales en el contenido mineral (Zn, Mn, Se y I) y vitamínico (folato y ácido ascórbico).Conclusiones: la ingesta de colecalciferol y vitaminas A y D es inferior a las recomendadas en todos los sujetos, lo que favorece la dolencia muscular. La ingesta de folato está por debajo de las recomendaciones, incidiendo en la mayor susceptibilidad al estrés oxidativo. La obesidad y estrés oxidativo se relacionan con la prevalencia de los diferentes tipos de EOM estudiados.
Actitudes de escolares chilenos de distinto nivel socioeconómico al inicio de la implementación de la ley que regula la venta y publicidad de alimentos altos en nutrientes críticos
Authors: Olivares Cortes Sonia , Araneda Flores Jacqueline , Morales Illanes Gladys , Leyton Dinamarca Bárbara , Bustos Zapata Nelly , Hernández Moreno María Angélica , Oyarzún Macchiavello María Teresa
Published: June 2017

Introducción: el 27 de junio de 2016 se implementó en Chile la Ley sobre Composición Nutricional de los Alimentos y su Publicidad, que implica rotular el envase de los alimentos procesados, altos en calorías, grasas saturadas, azúcares y sodio.Objetivo: determinar las actitudes de escolares de 8 a 12 años, de distinto nivel socioeconómico (NSE) y estado nutricional, ante el nuevo etiquetado de los alimentos.Métodos: se aplicó una encuesta validada previamente, agregando preguntas sobre los nuevos sellos en los envases de alimentos y bebidas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables estudiadas y se determinaron diferencias según NSE y estado nutricional con la prueba de Chi2.Resultados: no se observaron diferencias por género o ciudad. Al consultar sobre los nuevos sellos, el 87,3% de los niños de NSE medio-alto y 78,5% de NSE bajo señaló que les gustaba ser informados del contenido de los alimentos (p < 0,01). Dejarían de comprar los alimentos con sello el 53% de NSE medio-alto y 48% de NSE bajo. Del 14% al 22% seguirían comiendo galletas dulces, bebidas azucaradas, chocolates y papas fritas, sin diferencias por NSE. Los niños de estado nutricional normal y NSE medio-alto dieron mayor importancia a los sellos altos en calorías, grasas saturadas y sodio, y los de NSE bajo al contenido alto en azúcar. Entre los niños con sobrepeso y obesidad, los de NSEmedio-alto consideraron más importantes los 4 sellos que los de NSE bajo.Discusión: estos resultados facilitarán el apoyo educativo y publicitario para favorecer la comprensión y cumplimiento de la Ley.
Inﬂuencia del aceite de coco en enfermos de alzhéimer a nivel cognitivo
Authors: De la Rubia Ortí José Enrique , Sánchez Álvarez Carmen , Selvi Sabater Pablo , Bueno Cayo Alma María , Sancho Castillo Sandra , Rochina Mariano Julián , Hu Yang Iván
Published: June 2017

Introducción: la enfermedad de Alzheimer es a día de hoy la demencia neurodegenerativa con mayor prevalencia en el primer mundo. Este hecho, unido a la falta de tratamiento farmacológico que cure la enfermedad, hace que se estudien nuevas estrategias terapéuticas no farmacológicas como es la administración de nutrientes. En este sentido, destaca la posible influencia del aceite de coco como fuente energética alternativa, capaz de frenar la muerte neuronal que se produce de modo progresivo en esta enfermedad.Objetivos: valorar el impacto del aceite de coco a nivel cognitivo en pacientes de alzhéimer, y concretamente en las áreas de orientación, lenguaje-construcción, fijación, cálculo-concentración y memoria.Métodos: estudio prospectivo, longitudinal, cualitativo, analítico y experimental a través de un ensayo clínico, donde se seleccionaron a 44 pacientes con alzhéimer de la zona de la Ribera (Comunidad Valenciana), de los cuales a la mitad se le administró durante 21 días, 40 ml diarios de aceite de coco repartidos entre desayuno (20 ml) y comida (20 ml). Antes y después de la administración del aceite, se les valoró a través del test cognitivo Mini-Examen Cognoscitivo, para determinar los posibles cambios.Resultados: en los enfermos que tomaron el aceite de coco se observó una mejora cognitiva tras finalizar la intervención, siendo estadísticamente significativa en las áreas de orientación y lenguaje-construcción.Conclusiones: el aceite de coco parece mejorar la capacidad cognitiva de los enfermos de alzhéimer, variando la intensidad de la misma en función del área cognitiva.
Ingestas de energía y nutrientes recomendadas en la Unión Europea: 2008-2016
Authors: García Gabarra Antoni , Castellà Soley Marta , Calleja Fernández Alicia
Published: June 2017

Esta revisión tiene por objeto reflejar los cambios producidos en la legislación de la Unión Europea y los dictámenes de la Autoridad Europea de Seguridad Alimentaria en relación al etiquetado nutricional de los alimentos, a los valores de referencia de energía, macronutrientes y micronutrientes, y a los niveles máximos de ingesta tolerable. La vigente legislación europea utiliza los valores de referencia para el etiquetado establecidos por el Comité Científico de la Alimentación Humana en 2003. Sería aconsejable una actualización de los mismos a partir de los valores de referencia establecidos por dicha autoridad europea para vitaminas y minerales. Igualmente sería positiva la inclusión de valores de referencia para el etiquetado de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados, fibra alimentaria y colina, y para el etiquetado específicamente referido a niños de 6 a 36 meses. Para vitaminas y minerales sería deseable una revisión de los niveles máximos de ingesta tolerable y el establecimiento de cantidades máximas permitidas en los alimentos enriquecidos y en los complementos alimenticios en la Unión Europea; su ausencia puede representar un peligro de ingesta excesiva e insegura de determinados minerales y vitaminas en algunos grupos de población.
Judicial Bypass for Minors Seeking Abortions in Arkansas Versus Other States
Authors: Altindag Onur , Joyce Ted
Published: June 2017

Objectives. To describe demographic characteristics and abortion timing of minors in Arkansas who obtained an abortion through a judicial bypass, and to contrast the frequency of judicial bypass in other states in the United States.

Methods. We used individual-level data on all abortions to minors (n = 2624) performed in Arkansas from 2005 to 2014 and aggregated data from 10 additional states on abortions obtained through a judicial bypass. We characterized correlates of the judicial bypass and its association with the timing of abortion.

Results. Minors in Arkansas who used the courts were more likely to be 17 years of age, nonresidents of Arkansas, Hispanic, and with fewer previous pregnancies than their younger, resident, non-Hispanic White, and multigravida counterparts; 7.7% of abortions to minors were obtained via a bypass in 11 states, but only 2% if Texas and Arkansas are excluded.

Conclusions. The demographics of minors who obtain an abortion through a judicial bypass differ significantly from those who have parental consent, and there is widespread variation in the proportion of bypass cases across states.
Hurricane Sandy (New Jersey): Mortality Rates in the Following Month and Quarter
Authors: Kim Soyeon , Kulkarni Prathit A. , Rajan Mangala , Thomas Pauline , Tsai Stella , Tan Christina , Davidow Amy
Published: June 2017

Objectives. To describe changes in mortality after Hurricane Sandy made landfall in New Jersey on October 29, 2012.

Methods. We used electronic death records to describe changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality overall, in persons aged 76 years or older, and by 3 Sandy impact levels for the month and quarter following Hurricane Sandy compared with the same periods in earlier years adjusted for trends.

Results. All-cause mortality increased 6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2%, 11%) for the month, 5%, 8%, and 12% by increasing Sandy impact level; and 7% (95% CI = 5%, 10%) for the quarter, 5%, 8%, and 15% by increasing Sandy impact level. In elderly persons, all-cause mortality rates increased 10% (95% CI = 5%, 15%) and 13% (95% CI = 10%, 16%) in the month and quarter, respectively. Deaths that were cardiovascular disease–related increased by 6% in both periods, noninfectious respiratory disease–related by 24% in the quarter, infection-related by 20% in the quarter, and unintentional injury–related by 23% in the month.

Conclusions. Mortality increased, heterogeneous by cause, for both periods after Hurricane Sandy, particularly in communities more severely affected and in the elderly, who may benefit from supportive services.
Vocal Timbre and the Classification of Respondent Sex in US Phone-Based Surveys
Authors: Riley Noah C. , Blosnich John R. , Bear Todd M. , Reisner Sari L.
Published: June 2017

Objectives. To characterize the conflict of sex and gender identity variables in the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) sample and examine how this may affect the administration of sex-related health behavior items to transgender participants.

Methods. We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2014 BRFSS gender identity, sex, and sex-related health behavior variables. Twenty states administered the gender-identity variables (n = 154 062), and 691 respondents identified as transgender in the survey (0.4%). We examined conflict among sex, gender identity, and gender-related variables, and compared conflicting and nonconflicting groups across 4 sociodemographic characteristics.

Results. Nearly one third of respondents (27.8%; n = 171) who identified as transgender received sex-specific items that conflicted with their natal sex, thereby reducing the already small subsample of valid responses. There were no significant differences between conflicting and nonconflicting groups on the basis of region, age, race/ethnicity, or type of interview.

Conclusions. Public health surveys should ask respondents to self-identify their sex and gender identity. Interviewer assumptions of respondents’ sex may lead to erroneous collection of sex- and gender-based items, inhibit survey administration, and create problems in data quality.
Deciphering Suicide and Other Manners of Death Associated with Drug Intoxication: A Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Consultation Meeting Summary
Authors: Stone Deborah M. , Holland Kristin M. , Bartholow Brad , E. Logan Joseph , LiKamWa McIntosh Wendy , Trudeau Aimee , Rockett Ian R. H.
Published: June 2017

Manner of death (MOD) classification (i.e., natural, accident, suicide, homicide, or undetermined cause) affects mortality surveillance and public health research, policy, and practice. Determination of MOD in deaths caused by drug intoxication is challenging, with marked variability across states.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention hosted a multidisciplinary meeting to discuss drug intoxication deaths as they relate to suicide and other MOD. The meeting objectives were to identify individual-level, system-level, and place-based factors affecting MOD classification and identify potential solutions to classification barriers.

Suggested strategies included improved standardization in death scene investigation, toxicology, and autopsy practice; greater accountability; and creation of job aids for investigators. Continued collaboration and coordination of activities are needed among stakeholders to affect prevention efforts.
El conocimiento como sistema adaptativo complejo en las organizaciones de gestión de proyectos - PMO
Authors: Martínez Jeferson
Published: June 2017

El artículo busca identificar la creación de conocimiento en sistemas adaptativos complejos (CAS) en las organizaciones de gestión de proyectos (PMO). Para tal fin, se revisaron resultados de investigaciones publicados en revistas académicas y que han hecho un aporte comparativo frente a la conceptualización y caracterización de los CAS en las organizaciones. A partir de ahí, se plantea la hipótesis acerca de entender la importancia del conocimiento como CAS en las PMO y entender su relación con los modelos de madurez, como una herramienta de gestión de las capacidades en entornos multiagentes que interactúan en ambientes no lineales como sistemas complejos.
Forecasting Incremental Oil Production of a Polymer-Pilot Extension in the Matzen Field Including Quantitative Uncertainty Assessment
Authors: Chiotoroiu Maria-Magdalena , Peisker Jörg , Clemens Torsten , Thiele Marco R.
Published: June 2017

The polymer-pilot project performed in the 8 TH reservoir of the Matzen field showed encouraging incremental oil production. To improve further the understanding of recovery effects resulting from polymer injection, an extension of the pilot is planned by adding a second polymer injector.

Forecasting of the incremental oil production needs to take the uncertainty of the geological models and dynamic parameters into account. We propose a work flow that is composed of a geological sensitivity and clustering step followed by a dynamic-calibration step for decreasing the objective function (OF) to improve the reliability of a probabilistic forecast of the incremental oil recovery.

For the geological sensitivity, hundreds of geological realizations were generated by taking the uncertainty in the correlation of the sand and shale layers, logs, cores, and geological facies into account. The simulated tracer response was used as dissimilarity distance to classify the geological realizations. Clustering was then applied to select 70 representative realizations (centroids) from a total of 800 to use in the full-physics dynamic simulation.

In the dynamic simulation, an OF composed of liquid rate and tracer concentration of the produced fluids was introduced.

To improve the calibration further, the P50 value of incremental oil production as derived from simulation was compared with the incremental oil production determined from decline-curve analysis (DCA) from the wells surrounding the polymer-injection well. The mismatch between the P50 and the DCA was improved by adjusting polymer viscosity.

The calibrated models were then used for both a probabilistic forecast of incremental oil caused by an additional polymer injector and an estimate of the expected polymer concentration at the producing wells.
Effects of Seeding Rate on Durum Crop Production and Physiological Responses
Authors: Isidro‐Sánchez Julio , Perry Ben , Singh Asheesh K. , Wang Hong , DePauw Ronald M. , Pozniak Curtis J. , Beres Brian L. , Johnson Eric N. , Cuthbert Richard D.
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas

Optimum seeding rate on elite durum wheat depends on environment.

Seeding rate had a significant positive relationship with grain yield, leaf area index, and carbon isotope discrimination.

Seeding rate should be adjusted for environment and genotype for maximum yield.

Seeding rate can be manipulated to optimize the ability of the crop to capture available resources and therefore increase yield. Seeding rate may vary between regions according to the climate conditions, soil type, sowing time, and other agronomic practices. Insufficient information is available for optimum seeding rate on durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) for some production zones, and response to seeding rate is unknown for recently registered durum cultivars in Canada. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of seeding rate (SR) on performance of Canada Western Amber Durum wheat cultivars and study the underlying physiological response to a wide range of SRs. Eight durum wheat cultivars were sown at densities of 163, 217, 272, 326, and 380 seeds m−2 to study the effect of SR on several agronomic and physiological traits. Each experiment was planted as a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications near Swift Current and Regina in 2010 and 2011. High genetic and environmental response to SR was observed between cultivars. The results showed an increase in grain yield as the SR increased. The optimum SR for cultivars grown at Swift Current and Regina was 272 to 326 seeds m−2 and 217 to 272 seeds m−2. Grain yield showed a positive relationship with carbon isotope discrimination (CID) and leaf area index (LAI). In turn, LAI showed a linear increase with SR. Information generated from this study could enable producers to maximize crop grain profitability by optimizing plant density.
Sowing Date and Cultivar Effects on Assimilate Translocation in Spring Mediterranean Chickpea
Authors: Fotiadis Sideris , Koutroubas Spyridon D. , Damalas Christos A.
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas

March sowing resulted in higher dry matter, total N accumulation, and seed N content than April sowing.

Seed yield up to 3320 kg ha−1 were obtained with March sowing.

Seed yield was correlated negatively with dry matter translocation to the seeds.

In cooler Mediterranean areas autumn sowing of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is avoided because of the increased frost risk. A 2‐yr field study was conducted to investigate the potential effects of spring sowing date and cultivar on assimilate dynamics (i.e., dry matter and N accumulation, partitioning and translocation) and productivity of Mediterranean chickpea, and to assess possible N losses from plant foliage. Three local cultivars (i.e., Andros, Kassos, and Serifos) and one foreign cultivar (i.e., Zehavit‐27) were evaluated under two sowing dates (i.e., March sowing and April sowing). March sowing resulted in higher dry matter, total N accumulation, and seed N content than April sowing. Seed yield up to 3320 kg ha−1 was obtained with March sowing. April sowing resulted in a yield penalty of 22 to 50 kg ha−1 d−1 of sowing delay compared with March sowing. Seed yield was correlated negatively with dry matter translocation to the seeds and positively with dry matter accumulation during the seed‐filling period. Dry matter and N translocation efficiency reached up to 77 and 96%, respectively. High N accumulation until the beginning of seed growth and low N accumulation thereafter enhanced N translocation to the seeds. However, when early aboveground N was high (>120 kg N ha−1) and the seed demands for N were low (<96 kg N ha−1), N losses were observed, reaching up to 40.4 kg N ha−1. Chickpea has potential as an alternative spring crop in cooler Mediterranean areas, provided that early spring sowing is applied.
Influence of subclinical magnesium deficiency in the antenatal period on mineral and energy management during early lactation
Authors: Kurek Łukasz , Lutnicki Krzysztof , Olech Małgorzata
Published: June 2017

Magnesium (Mg) is an activator of more than three hundred enzymes and a cofactor in the synthesis and release of hormones. Currently, magnesium deficiency occurs in dairy cows most frequently in a subclinical form, with symptoms limited to decreased appetite and decreased milk yield. The study included 50 cows, which were diagnosed with magnesium deficiency in the antenatal period. In group I (n = 25), increased supplementation was not applied; in group II (n = 25) the intake of Mg was increased by a 7% magnesium supplement. The control group consisted of 25 healthy cows. Blood samples for tests were taken 2 weeks prepartum, as well as 1 and 2 weeks postnatally, to determine the concentrations of: total magnesium (Mg), total calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorus (Pn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), total bilirubin (tB), total protein (TP), glucose (Glu) and cholesterol (TC), as well as the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP). In group I, the highest number of cows with decreased appetite and postpartum weakness were identified, which exhibited the lowest rate of increase in milk production and a significantly lower mean blood calcium concentration. The highest mean concentrations of tB and decreases TC and Glu concentrations were also recorded in this group. Our studies confirm the need to monitor mineral deficiencies not only during lactation, but also before delivery, as well as the effectiveness of an appropriate prophylactic regimen based on oral administration of magnesium preparations which cause the least biochemical changes in blood. The lack of supplementation in the subclinical form of antenatal Mg deficiency may cause severe gastrointestinal and reproductive disorders in the postnatal period.
Differentiation in body and testes weight as well as sperm quality of male roe deer from the Lublin Upland in the reproductive season
Authors: Flis Marian , Nozdryn-Płotnicki Zygmunt Wrona Zbigniew
Published: June 2017

The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphology structure of sperm cells and quality of individual male deer obtained in the Lublin Upland during the 2015/2016 hunting season. The comparison included two sepa-rate periods of the hunting season resulting from varying physiological processes related to the estrus period of this species. In the first study with regards to the estrus period, males were characterized by an average of 1.6 grams less testicle weight, while body weight was 1.9 kg higher. Increasing the mass of the testicles in the repro-ductive season proceeded simultaneously with the increase in the share of properly developed sperm cells to the level of 70.6%. During the pre-estrus period, the percentage of spermatozoids with main and secondary defects accounted for almost 60%. Between the compared periods, an approximately 6.8% body weight loss occurred. The highest percentage of properly developed spermatozoids was present in deer aged 4 and 5 years. Regarding the greatest body weight loss in these two age groups, it is indicated that this age is the climax in terms of poten-tial accession to the breeding and effective mating of females and the possibility of fertilization. Analysis of the relationship between body weight and testicle weight showed low and statistically insignificant correlation coef-ficients (rxy=0.331-0.393) between those features.
Biocontrol of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ready-to-eat salad using a lytic bacteriophage
Authors: Cufaoglu Gizem , Ayaz Bahar Onaran Naim Deniz , Goncuoglu Muammer , Ormancı Fatma Seda
Published: June 2017

E. coli O157:H7 is a life threatening foodborne pathogen associated with thousands of infections. Controlling such bacterial pathogens in raw and ready-to-eat foods has gained urgency with each passing day. The use of specific virulent bacteriophages as a biocontrol agent on minimally processed foods is an effective, natural and non-destructive treatment. This study was aimed at determining the efficiency of a lytic bacteriophage against E. coli O157:H7 in ready-to-eat salads. For this purpose, E. coli O157:H7 NCTC 12900 (EC00) and nalidixic acid resistant E. coli O157:H7 ATCC 43895 (NA-EC95) were used as the model bacterium in decontamination trials of mayonnaise based ready-to-eat salads which are consumed without any heating process and include beans, carrots, potatoes, pickled cucumbers and salami. A previously described phage M8AEC16 which was classified in Myoviridae family was used as the biocontrol agent. The highest reductions were observed at 22°C storage conditions. Reductions reaching up to 2.7 log cfu/g of viable E. coli O157:H7 counts were observed in the beginning of the storage period. The findings of the study showed that phage M8AEC16 can be used as a biocontrol agent in the decontamination of E. coli O157:H7 in such mayonnaise based ready-to-eat salads.
Attempted rescue of circling mice by hair cell-specific expression (Myo7a promoter) of tmie transgene
Authors: Park Seojin , Jang Soyoung , Lee Jeong-Han , Kim Sung-Hyun , Ryoo Zae Young
Published: June 2017

The spontaneous mutant circling mouse (cir/cir) is deaf and displays abnormal behavior, particularly circling and head tossing. To rescue the circling mouse phenotype, we produced transgenic mice with hair cell-specific expression of the transmembrane inner ear (tmie) gene, using the Myo7a promoter, and generated cir/cir homozygous mice carrying the transgene (cir/cir-tgMyo7a) by breeding with circling mice. The cir/cir-tgMyo7a mice still exhibited circling behavior and were unable to swim in water unlike cir/cir-tgCMV mice and wild-type mice. An auditory brainstem response (ABR) test demonstrated that the cir/cir-tgMyo7a mice could not respond to sound. Immunohistochemical analysis showed enhanced green fluorescent protein, a marker of tmie expression, in the inner and outer hair cells of the cir/cir-tgMyo7a mice. Hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons in the cir/cir-tgMyo7a mice were recovered, but not completely. This study demonstrates that tmie transgene expression in hair cells alone could not restore wild-type hearing and behavior in circling mice.
The impact of low-flow season on source drinking water quality, Rosetta branch, Egypt
Authors: Ghodeif K. , Wahaab R. , Sorour S.
Published: June 2017

The present work was conducted to document the problems raised regarding low-flow in the Rosetta branch, Egypt and to develop management options to protect drinking water sources. The water quality was monitored during low-flow periods at four drinking water intakes. Results showed an increase in electric conductivity (EC), ammonium (NH4), nitrite (NO2), phosphate (PO4), and total organic carbon (TOC) during the low-flow period. EC ranges from 454 to 1,062 μS/cm and the mean value is 744. Ammonium ranges from 0.38 to 18.5 mg/L and the mean value is 5.45. NO2, PO4, and TOC have mean values of 0.73, 1.85, and 6.71 mg/L, respectively. Statistical evaluation revealed the association of NH4, EC, and PO4 that are good indicators for the load of wastewater. High ammonium often refers to a bad situation regarding oxygen while high nitrite indicates the first oxidation for wastewater through microbiological processes. The low-flow action has a serious impact on drinking water source. A high content of ammonium has delayed coagulation, enhanced algae growth, and prevented the breakpoint being reached during chlorination processes. Potential management options to deal with water scarcity and low-flow, meanwhile reducing the contaminant load in the source drinking water were proposed.
GŁOS CESARZA HADRIANA W SPRAWIE S.C. SILANIANUM
Authors: Amielańczyk Krzysztof
Published: June 2017

Hadrian's Resolutions in s.c. SilanianumSummaryS.c. Silanianum (10 B.C.) introduced a common responsibility of slaves who did not try to rescue the master although they stayed in the same house or nearby, even at the risk of their own life. Tortures and death penalty awaited them.By means of his rescripta, Hadrian attempted to make the strict law more precise so that the liability should rest only on the slaves that were really guilty of unfulfilling their duties towards the master. If no other possibilities, the duty to help could be carried out at least by calling for help. The Emperor demanded that an effective defence which really aimed at saving the master should be undertaken.The investigation and capital punishment were provided only for those slaves who stayed near the place of the murder, close enough to be able to see the threat and undertake an attempt to prevent it.Hadrian’s solutions reflect the maxim In maleficiis voluntas spectatur non exitus. It was not the master’s death that should lead to the slave’s liability but his guilt of being passive.
POŁOŻENIE PRAWNE FILIAE FAMILIAS I JEJ UDZIAŁ W OBROCIE PRAWNO-GOSPODARCZYM PAŃSTWA RZYMSKIEGO W OKRESIE PÓŹNEJ REPUBLIKI I PRYNCYPATU (ZARYS PROBLEMATYKI)
Authors: Ejankowska Elżbieta
Published: June 2017

Legal Situation of the filiae familias and its Significance in Legal and Commercial Transactions in the Roman State during the Period of the Late Republic and Principate (an Outline of the Issues)SummaryThe legal and economic situation of the filiae fanilias is presented against the background of political and social-economic changes in two different political systems of the state, the common characteristics of which were that they constituted consecutive stages of advanced Roman civilization. The period faced an increase in the significance of women, although - regardless their status familiae - they were formally excluded from the public life and deprived of certain rights in the domain o f private law. Nevertheless, social and economic changes, resulting from the territorial expansion of Rome, made it possible for Roman women to expand their activities beyond the scope of the matters related to every day existence, family and religion, which traditionally for centuries had been considered as a women’s domain.As far as the social aspect o f Roman wom en’s activities is concerned, their status fam iliae seemed to be o f no major importance. As regards commercial aspects, the situation was different. In this respect, the sui iuris women unquestionably enjoyed richer possibilities. Nevertheless, as the analysis o f legal and literary sources show, women subject to the authority o f a family superior - although having no possibility to be carriers o f property rights or to enjoy private autonomy - could in fact influence their economic situation, similarly to slaves. It was possible mainly due to peculium that stemmed from the common law, which played a significant role in the social - economic life o f the Roman state.It was of a particular significance in the case of women who were subject to familial authority, but were married. This resulted from the fact that managing a trust property and using the earned income made it possible for women to enjoy certain economic freedom, and, as a consequence, become independent of her husband or his family superior.Undoubtedly, the expansion and diversification of the activities o ffiliae familias were influenced by the actiones adiecticiae qualitatis, which uniformly regulated the responsibilities of the holders of authority for the liabilities of the alieni iuris persons and slaves. Moreover, parties to contracts with the family could file such claims, as the aforesaid sources have proved, which meant that the praetor’s law offered a guarantee that they could pursue such claims before courts. Consequently, the participation of women subject to familial authority in commercial transactions had to become wider. Although still a dominant role was played by the family’s slaves and sons, women were present in the legal and economic field during periods of the Late Republic and the Principate.
DATA UCHWALENIA LEX POMPEIA DE PARRICIDIIS
Authors: Jońca Maciej
Published: June 2017

The Date of Enacting lex Pompeia de parricidiisSummaryLex Pompeia de parricidiis was a statute related to a murderer of the closest relatives or patrons. It was likely to have been passed during one of the three Pompey the Great’s consulates in 70, 55 or 52 BC. Among those three options, the year 55 BC. seems the most probable. It was in the same year when Pompey took action to enact the law against luxury. Both lex Pompeia de parricidiis and rogatio sumptuaria could have constituted a part of Pompey’s major scheme meant to improve customs and restore a due respect to family in society.
ZADANIA MUNICIPIUM W ŚWIETLE LEX IRNITANA. PRZYCZYNEK DO STUDIÓW NAD PRAWEM MUNICYPALNYM W STAROŻYTNYM RZYMIE
Authors: Sitek Bronisław
Published: June 2017

Tasks of municipium in lex Irnitana. Studies on Municipal Law in Ancient RomeSummaryThe paper presents the tasks of municipium set in lex Irnitana. Inparticular it touches upon the questions of munera publica and the tasks ofmunicipality, cura annonae, local security, duties connected with privatetransactions, legations, public cult, legislature and administration ofjustice.The analysis of lex Irnitana provides an insight into the ancient conceptof municipium, viz., structure of a local society. It shared some elementswith the republican system, however, with alterations implied by the newpolitical regime. Although the idea of legal personality was not known inRoman law, municipium functioned as if it was a legal entity: it had organsandduties. Further analysis of lex Irnitana shows that local authorities had, to some extent, a legislative power, which was exercised by decuriones andduoviri. Aediles were responsible for the security on roads, at bazaars andtheatres. It is characteristic for the antiquity that local authorities had somejudiciary power, and duovirs adjudicated in less significant cases. Othertypes of cases were adjudicated by the governor of a province.Munera publica, that is public duties, were performed by the magistrate, since in Rome the idea of tasks of municipality was not known. It is possible to ascertain that there is a significant similarity between the range of tasks of local societies, especially municipalities, in Rome and the duties set forth in contemporary self-government bills.
USTANOWIENIE A UKONSTYTUOWANIE SIĘ POSAGU W RZYMSKIM PRAWIE KLASYCZNYM
Authors: Stępkowska Agnieszka
Published: June 2017

On the Distinction between Assignment of the Dowry and its Constitution in Classical Roman LawSummaryThe dowry in Roman law (dos) was considered to be the husband’s property. Nevertheless its legal status was quite peculiar, when compared with the rest of the husband’s patrimony. The constitution of a dowry had a number of important legal consequences. Therefore it was crucial to indicate the moment of its establishment. The sole assignment of a dowry (dotis institutio) did not always have this effect. The reason for this was, that in classical Roman law there was a clear distinction between real and personal aspects of the property law.There were three ways for dotis institutio: dotis datio, dotis dictio, dotis promissio. In classical period only dotis datio had real effect and was the means by which - if done after marriage - dowry was immediately established. The other two were dowry agreements conferring on husband [or future husband] mere personal right to claim transfer of the patrimony subject to dictio or promissio. Therefore the dos took effect only after the husband became owner of the patrimony. In postclassical period this sharp distinction between assignment of a dowry and its material constitution gradually disappeared, and dotis institutio was considered to be only a real transfer of a property intended as a dowry. It was only Justinian who tried to restore this classical distinction.Nevertheless, acquiring the property subject to dotis institutio, although necessary, was not sufficient for dowry to take effect. The Roman dos derived its peculiar character from marriage. In case the transfer of patrimony dotis causa had taken effect before marriage (ante nuptias in dotem data) it acquired dotal character only after the marriage. If there was no marriage, the person assigning dowry (either woman, her pater familias, or a third person) was able to claim restitution of the patrimony intended previously to be dos, by means of condictio, or even by rei vindication in case the would-be husband did not acquired ownership, but only possession of the patrimony.
PRAWO RZYMSKIE W DAWNEJ ANGLII W ŚWIETLE POGLĄDÓW ARTURA DUCKA (WYBRANE ZAGADNIENIA)
Authors: Marzec Łukasz
Published: June 2017

The Views of Arthur Duck on Roman Law in EnglandSummaryThe aim of this paper is to discuss the views of sir Arthur Duck on the influence and power of Roman Law in England up to 17th century, which he analysed in his work De Usu et Authoritate Juris Civilis Romanorum in Dominiis Principum Christianorum first published in 1652. Chapter 8 of this book seems to be an important source for the contemporary research. Duck, a legal practitioner, a politician and a D. C. L. presented a unique view on the matter. A detailed study shows that the following areas and solutions of the English legal system bear signs of the Roman influence: courts (e. g. Court of Chancery, Court of Admiralty, Court of the Constable and Marshall), lectures at the Oxford University, Vacarius school of law, early English legal writings, legal theory and science. Duck was probably the first to notice and mark the striking similarity between Roman procedure of the ius honorarium and the English equity. He disagrees with the general opinion that the Roman Law exercised no authority in England.
Acclimation of 2‐Chlorophenol‐Biodegrading Activated Sludge and Microbial Community Analysis
Authors: Sun Zhirong , Zhang Jinwei , Yang Jie , Li Jiangyang , Wang Jianguang , Hu Xiang
Published: June 2017

Using glucose as cosubstrate, activated sludge that could effectively biodegrade 40 mg/L 2‐chlorophenol was successfully domesticated in sequencing batch reactors. To acclimate the sludge, 2‐chlorophenol was increased stepwise from 0 to 40 mg/L. High‐throughput sequencing revealed that the microbial community richness increased during the first 5 d of acclimation to 5 mg/L 2‐chlorophenol and then decreased after another 20 d as 2‐chlorophenol was increased. The original sludge obtained from a water resource recovery facility had the highest microbial diversity. As the acclimation continued further, community richness and diversity both increased, but they decreased again, significantly, when 2‐chlorophenol reached 40 mg/L. Saccharibacteria_norank, Bacillus, Saprospiraceae_uncultured, and Lactococcus were the dominant bacteria. Bacillus and Pseudomonas were the main known chlorophenol‐degrading bacteria. WCHB1‐60_norank, Tetrasphaera, Comamonadaceae_unclassified, and Haliangium showed poor tolerance to 2‐chlorophenol. Higher bacterial tolerance to chlorophenols does not mean higher degrading capability. The degradation of chlorophenols was not positively correlated with the detected abundance of known 2‐chlorophenol‐degrading bacteria.
Tapping the Potential of Senate-Driven Reform: Proposals to Limit the Powers of the Senate
Authors: Heard Andrew
Published: June 2017

In the immediate aftermath of the 2014 Senate Reform Reference, there was considerable talk about the limitations that the Supreme Court had put on Senate reform. Some political leaders expressed frustration and declared that we are left with the status quo. But, that view both misunderstands what the Court said and underestimates what can be achieved through non-constitutional means. There is much that can be done simply with the political will to change the Senate situation without resorting to constitutional amendment; senators already have the power to effect some serious reform from within. This paper focuses on an unorthodox suggestion: that substantive reforms might be achieved through changes to the Rules of the Senate governing its legislative process. With some changes to both the legislative and appointment processes, substantial improvements to the Senate are both possible and achievable. The result would be a Senate better able to perform its intended function as a chamber of sober second thought. It would also answer the most serious concerns about an appointed Senate’s role in a modern democratic system.
FARCE OR TRAGEDY?: JUDICIAL BACKLASH AND JUSTICE MCCLUNG
Authors: Lessard Hester
Published: June 2017

FARCE OR TRAGEDY?: JUDICIAL BACKLASH AND JUSTICE MCCLUNG
Intergovernmental Relations, Legitimacy, and the Atlantic Accords
Authors: Smith Jennifer
Published: June 2017

Are the Atlantic Accords regarded as legiti- mate agreements in Canada? If not, why not? And does it matter? The purpose of this article is to answer these questions. Legitimacy resides in the eyes of the be- holder. Who is the beholder? Initially, one thinks mainly of citizens in this respect. How- ever, another beholder is government — other governments. In federations, governments of- ten deal directly with one another, a sphere of activity called executive federalism. When the central government negotiates agreements with one or more (but not all) regional governments, the rest are relegated to the status of observ- ers. As observers, they might well have ideas on the legitimacy of the activity, including the process used and the resulting agreement that is reached.