bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tendencias investigadoras en enseñanza de las ciencias en revistas españolas 2014-2018
Authors: Aguilera Morales David , Vílchez-González José Miguel , Carrillo-Rosúa Francisco Javier , Perales-Palacios Francisco Javier
Published: June 2021

Se presenta una revisión de los artículos publicados en las principales revistas españolas de investigación en didáctica de las ciencias experimentales entre 2014 y 2018. Se han analizado 504 artículos de las revistas Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales y Sociales, Enseñanza de las Ciencias, Revista Electrónica de Enseñanza de las Ciencias y Revista Eureka sobre Enseñanza y Divulgación de las Ciencias, con el objetivo de identificar las tendencias de investigación. El análisis se ha centrado en: 1) autores; 2) tipo de colaboración; 3) tipo de publicación; 4) etapa educativa; y 5) temática. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los autores pertenecen a instituciones iberoamericanas, la investigación suele desarrollarse en educación secundaria y la temática preferente es la enseñanza, el conocimiento didáctico del profesorado, el contenido científico y los libros de texto.
O financiamento das universidades estaduais brasileiras: o custo aluno, as assimetrias institucionais e as desigualdades regionais
Authors: Carvalho Renata Ramos da Silva , Amaral Nelson Cardoso
Published: June 2021

O artigo apresenta resultado de pesquisa que apurou o valor do custo aluno das universidades estaduais (UEs) brasileiras, por estado da federação, no período de 2012 a 2016, tendo como referência metodológica a abordagem proposta por Amaral e Pinto (2010), informações estatísticas das UEs presentes nos dados (sinopses estatísticas e microdados) do Censo da Educação Superior do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep) e da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Nível Superior (Capes). Os resultados obtidos mostram que os valores do custo aluno das UEs são assimétricos e revelam desigualdades regionais existentes quanto a atuação dessas instituições no contexto da educação superior do país.
Percurso universitário de alunas/os com deficiência em instituição de ensino privada
Authors: Ziliotto Denise Macedo , Burchert Amanda , Carvalho Henrique
Published: June 2021

O ingresso de estudantes com deficiência em cursos de graduação é resultado de fatores como a expansão da educação superior e as políticas públicas de acesso, ensejando discussões acerca da efetividade na óptica inclusiva. Buscando avaliar a experiência destas/es acadêmicas/os, a investigação teve como objetivo analisar o percurso de alunos com deficiência, a partir da perspectiva de histórias de vida. Em termos metodológicos, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, tendo entrevistas como instrumento de coleta de dados, realizadas com oito alunas/os formandas/os em instituição de ensino superior privada. Os resultados abordam questões como aprendizagem, relação com professoras/es e colegas, diferenças entre contexto universitário / escolar e percurso universitário. Evidencia-se a consecução inicial da acessibilidade arquitetônica e a subsequente construção de condições pedagógicas e relacionais para as/os estudantes com deficiência revelando, portanto, novos desafios a serem enfrentados por toda a comunidade acadêmica.
Environmental Manipulation: A Potential Tool for Mosquito Vector Control
Authors: Azubuike Christian Ukubuiwe , Israel Kayode Olayemi , Catherine Chinenye Ukubuiwe , Bright Sule Ugbede
Published: June 2021

Mosquito borne diseases have continued to ravage man and his animals despite efforts to curb its spread. The use of chemicals has been the main thrust for control of all life stages of mosquitoes. Increased resistance to commonly used insecticides has called for renewed effort for vector control. Environmental management for vector control is one of the new strategies developed to tackle the menace of vectors. Manipulation of abiotic factors has widely gained acceptance due to laboratory and semi-field trials and findings. In this chapter, we reviewed literatures on some critical abiotic factors and their effects on bionomics and biological fitness of immature and adult life stages of mosquito species. We also looked at prospects for developing protocols based on these findings.
Microwave Heating of Liquid Crystals and Ethanol-Hexane Mixed Solution and Its Features (Review)
Authors: Naito Akira , Tasei Yugo , Mijiddorj Batsaikhan , Kawamura Izuru , Ueda Kazuyoshi
Published: June 2021

Microwave heating is widely used to accelerate organic reactions in the chemistry field. However, the effect of microwaves on chemical reaction has not yet been well characterized at the molecular level. In this review chapter, microwave heating processes of liquid crystals and an ethanol-hexane mixed solution under microwave irradiation were experimentally and theoretically investigated using in situ microwave irradiation nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, respectively. The temperature of the solution under microwave irradiation was estimated from a chemical shift calibrated temperature (CSC-temperature) which was determined from the temperature dependence of the 1H chemical shift. The CSC-temperatures of CH2 and CH3 non-polar protons of ethanol reflect the bulk temperature of a solution by the thermal microwave effect. The lower CSC-temperature of the OH polar protons in ethanol and much higher CSC-temperature of H-C=N (7′) and CH3-O (α’) protons of N-(4-methoxybenzyliden)-4-butylaniline with respect to the bulk temperature are attributed to the non-thermal microwave effects. According to the MD simulation under microwave irradiation, the number of hydrogen bonds increased in the ethanol-hexane mixed solution as a result of a non-thermal microwave effect. It is concluded that a coherently ordered low entropy state of polar molecules is induced by a non-thermal microwave effect. The ordered state induces molecular interaction, which may accelerate the chemical reaction rate between molecules with polar groups.
Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Visual Interface for Simulation and Control Development
Authors: A. Rendón Manuel
Published: June 2021

Quadrotor control is an exciting research area. Despite last years developments, some aspects demand a deeper analysis: How a quadrotor operates in challenging trajectories, how to define trajectory limits, or how changing physical characteristics of the device affects the performance. A visual interface development platform is a valuable tool to support this effort, and one of these tools is briefly described in this Chapter. The quadrotor model uses Newton-Euler equations with Euler angles, and considers the effect of air drag and propellers’ speed dynamics, as well as measurement noise and limits for propeller speeds. The tool is able to test any device just by setting a few parameters. A three-dimensional optimal trajectory defined by a set of waypoints and corresponding times, is calculated with the help of a Minimum Snap Trajectory planning algorithm. Small Angle Control, Desired Thrust Vector (DTV) Control and Geometric Tracking Control are the available strategies in the tool for quadrotor attitude and trajectory following control. The control gains are calculated using Particle Swarm Optimization. Root Mean Square (RMS) error and Basin of Attraction are employed for validation. The tool allows to choose the control strategy by visual evaluation on a graphical user interface (GUI), or analyzing the numerical results. The tool is modular and open to other control strategies, and is available in GitHub.
Biosynthesis of Natural Products
Authors: O. Bruce Stella , A. Onyegbule Felix
Published: June 2021

Natural products are in the form of primary and secondary metabolites and are isolated chemical compounds or substances from living organisms. Terpenes, Phenolic compounds, and Nitrogen-containing compounds are secondary metabolites. The biosyntheses of secondary metabolites are derived from primary metabolism pathways, which consist of a tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), methylerythritol phosphate pathway (MEP), mevalonic and shikimic acid pathway. This chapter provides an overview of the diversity of secondary metabolites in plants, their multiple biological functions, and multi-faceted cultural history.
Researching into Commitments for Sustainable Development Goals and Healthy Aging
Authors: Kumar Mishra Santosh
Published: June 2021

Implementing the Programme of Action (PoA), for the purpose of attaining Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs, also known as the “Global Goals”, adopted by UN Member States in the year 2015) requires, among other contributing factors, specific strategies on: (a) aging, and (b) health. The PoA was adopted at the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) that took place at Cairo, Egypt, in the year 1994. In view of these facts, the author of this paper makes two research statements: (a) “SDGs and healthy ageing (HA) are connected”, and (b) “international community, across the regions of the globe, needs to make advocacy efforts for HA”. These considerations gain increased significance if one looks at demographic trends: significant portion of the world population are older (also known as “older people”, “older adults”, and “older citizens”), with projections that share of older people (over the age of 65 years) will double by the end of 2050. The “UN Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021-2030)”, is, thus, a significant development. The author, in the present work, primarily attempts to discuss and debate specific initiatives (in terms of strategic interventions) that stakeholders need to undertake for the purpose of ensuring HA. It has been concluded on several platforms that “attainments of SDGs are closely linked with HA”. This research note also presents quick highlights on how SDGs and HA are inter-linked. In terms of research mythology employed here, the author has collected secondary data (largely ‘qualitative’ in nature) from various sources (quoted under references). Method of data analysis is ‘descriptive’. To sum up, key for HA aging lies in enlarging opportunities for positive health at all stages of life.
The Gravity Effect of Topography: A Comparison among Three Different Methods
Authors: Iapige De Gaetani Carlo , Maria Marotta Anna , Barzaghi Riccardo , Reguzzoni Mirko , Rossi Lorenzo
Published: June 2021

In this paper, three different methods for computing the terrain correction have been compared. The terrain effect has been accounted for by using the standard right parallelepiped closed formula, the spherical tesseroid and the flat tesseroid formulas. Particularly, the flat tesseroid approximation is obtained by flattening the top and the bottom sides of the spherical tesseroid. Its gravitational effect can be computed as the gravitational effect of a polyhedron, i.e. a three-dimensional body with flat polygonal faces, straight edges and sharp corners or vertices. These three methods have been applied in the context of a Bouguer reduction scheme. Two tests were devised in the Alpine area in order to quantify possible discrepancies. In the first test, the terrain correction has been evaluated on a grid of points on the DTM. In the second test, Bouguer gravity anomalies were computed on sparse observed gravity data points. The results prove that the three methods are practically equivalent even in an area of rough topography though, in the second test, the Bouguer anomalies obtained by using the tesseroid and the flat tesseroid formulas have slightly smaller RMSs than the one obtained by applying the standard right parallelepiped formula.
Primary Quality Control Parameters of Cassava Raw Materials
Authors: Mubanga Chisenga Shadrack
Published: June 2021

Fresh cassava roots are transformed into shelf stable raw materials (flours and extracted starches). Chemical composition (moisture, protein, lipid, fibre and amylose content, cyanide contents), dry matter, starch extraction yields, particle size distribution and whiteness index are some of the quality characteristic requirements for selection of varieties in breeding programs, and raw materials for industrial processes. Starch yields ranges 20–35%, and vary with genotype. The crude protein (1–2%) and crude fat (∼1%) are considered minor components of cassava and are indicative of the poor nutritional quality. The cumulative of particles passing finer than sieve (D90) is commonly selected for industrial applications because it yields a large proportion of flour in the range 90–96% finer particle than sieve size. The amylose is the main genetic trait for categorising starches into waxy, semi-waxy, normal/regular and high amylose types when amylose content is 0–2, 3–15, 16–35, and > 35% of the total starch, respectively. Additionally, amylose is basic criteria for blending flours of different botanical sources. Cassava varieties are classified as sweet and bitter varieties when cyanide values are in the range 15–50 and 50–400 ppm, respectively. The a* (redness-greenness) and b* (yellowish) are considered as impurities in white fleshed cassava.
Robotic Myomectomy: Until Achieving Reproductive Success, Step by Step
Authors: Rivas López Radamés
Published: June 2021

Surgeons who practice robotic surgery in benign gynecological conditions agree that in some cases, blood loss and transfusions are reduced, the time of hospital stay and of reintegration to daily activities is less, although commonly in the first cases of each surgeon surgical time may be longer than laparoscopic surgery depending on the learning curve of each. As in any other surgical technique, it is important that the surgeon is trained and certified in accordance with the guidelines that each hospital institution indicates for the practice of robotic surgery and is constantly updated through the tools provided by robotic surgery to ensure the correct use of this technology and always maintain the skill looking for the safety of the patient at all times. Uterine fibroids, are the most common benign tumors that appear in women of reproductive age. Depending on their location, number and size, the symptoms they produce vary in frequency and severity. Robotic myomectomy has shown that with a surgical team that operates frequently, it is superior to conventional laparoscopic myomectomy, even in the area of ​​cost/benefit. Robotic myomectomy is an accessible, efficient and flattering pathway for patients with fibroids who want a pregnancy.
Applying Improve Differential Evolution Algorithm for Solving Gait Generation Problem of Humanoid Robots
Authors: Nguyen Van-Tinh , Bui Ngoc-Tam
Published: June 2021

This chapter addresses an approach to generate 3D gait for humanoid robots. The proposed method considers gait generation matter as optimization problem with constraints. Firstly, trigonometric function is used to produce trial gait data for conducting simulation. By collecting the result, we build an approximation model to predict final status of the robot in locomotion, and construct optimization problem with constraints. In next step, we apply an improve differential evolution algorithm with Gauss distribution for solving optimization problem and achieve better gait data for the robot. This approach is validated using Kondo robot in a simulated dynamic environment. The 3D gait of the robot is compared to human in walk.
The Interaction of Expectancy-Value Beliefs and Anxiety in Learning Academic Oral English in Bilingual Chinese Postgraduate Students
Authors: Liu Meihua , Dong Lianqi
Published: June 2021

Despite the plethora of research on speaking anxiety, most studies focus on speaking for general purposes in various bilingual contexts, particularly ESL/EFL (English as second/foreign language) contexts. Little research has been done on anxiety when speaking English for academic purposes in bilingual students. Even fewer studies are available on the interaction between academic oral communication (AOC) anxiety and expectancy-value beliefs —important concepts of language learning motivation. Hence, the present longitudinal study examined the interaction of expectancy-value beliefs and AOC anxiety in bilingual Chinese postgraduate students when learning academic oral English. In addition to interviews, a set of matching questionnaires on AOC anxiety and expectancy-value beliefs were collected from 74 Chinese postgraduate learners of English in week 2 (phase 1) and week 14 (phase 2) of a 16-week semester. Analyses of the data revealed the following major findings: (1) One-third to half of the participants experienced AOC anxiety and had low expectancy of themselves about AOC, and more than half of them held high attainment, intrinsic value, utility value and cost value of AOC in English, (2) significant increase occurred in expectancy but not in AOC anxiety or any value over the semester, and (3) expectancy was a great negative predictor for AOC anxiety in phase 1, while expectancy, intrinsic value and cost value were powerful predictors for the latter in phase 2. Based on these findings, some implications for teaching and learning AOC to bilingual students are discussed.
Anxiety, Uncertainty, and Resilience during the Pandemic: “Re-Directing the Gaze of the Therapeutic Couple”
Authors: Arduman Eda
Published: June 2021

The present global pandemic of covid 19 requires many psychotherapists to work at a distance via telephone or the internet. At the same time a considerable number of psychotherapists work with masks while maintaining social distance. This pandemic impact draws our attention to two questions: One is the difference of working within the office vs. working online. Two is how external events impact the individuals socially as well as personally. This chapter explores clinical cases where, even though Covid and its implications imposed a horrible loss and increasing day to day unpredictability on the therapeutic space, the focus of therapy was readjusted thus igniting a process of deeper self-understanding.
Mitochondrial 16S rRNA Gene-Dependent Blood Typing as a Forensic Tool
Authors: O.M. Al-Dahmoshi Hussein , J. Al-Nayili Hayder
Published: June 2021

Mitochondrial DNA is an important tool for human identification and is used to differentiate between human and animal blood at the crime scene, because in extreme conditions nuclear DNA is severely destroyed while Mitochondrial DNA contains multiple copies (200–2000) per cell and resists harsh and more stable conditions. Seventy-two blood samples were collected from humans (Homo sapiens), sheep (Ovis aries), goats (Capra hircus), and cows (Bos taurus) (18 blood samples for each). All blood samples were withdrawn by a technician and 5 ml were aspirated using an aseptic technique and transferred to EDTA-Na2 tubes. They were mixed well and stored in a refrigerator. The collection took 2 weeks (May 15, 2019–May 30, 2019). All samples were collected from Al-Diwanyia city. The results of PCR testing revealed that the primer pairs were specific and non-specific products did not appear for all samples. The amplification of Homo sapiens mitochondrial DNA with primer pairs of other (Ovis aries, Capra hircus, and Bos taurus) and amplification of each with primer pairs of another genus gave negative results, and this is primary evidence for primer pair specificity. The amplicon of 16S rRNA gene of Homo sapiens was 1200 bp, Ovis aries was 1060 bp, Capra hircus was 820 bp, and Bos taurus was 1300 bp. The sequencing revealed that no cross-reactivity of designed primer pairs and the PCR assay based on the designed primer pairs will be simple, fast, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective. There is sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the designed species-specific primer pairs and applicability of the designed primer pairs in forensics to investigate blood spots or evidence belonging for human, sheep, goat, and cow.
Biomass Based Materials in Electrochemical Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Aslan Sema , Bal Altuntaş Derya
Published: June 2021

Biomass is the general term for organic substances derived from living organisms (plants and animals). Since, biomass is a renewable, sustainable, innovative, low cost and carbon-neutral energy source, the applications of nano-micro particles produced from biomass in electrochemical applications have emerged. A large number of carbon-based materials, such as featured activated carbon, carbon nanotube, C-dots, biochar, hybrid carbon-metal/metal oxide … etc. can be produced from divergent types of biomass. With the growing energy need in the world, supercapacitors have also developed considerably besides the energy generation and storage methods. The supercapacitor is an energy storage system that can work reversibly to provide high energy in a short time. In these systems, electrode structure and surface properties are crucial for energy capacity enhancement. In this sense, electrode modifications with the above-mentioned biomass-based nano-micro structures are widely used in supercapacitor applications.
Front-Line Medical Staff Experience About the Novel Psychological Intervention of Brief and Online Balint Group: A Qualitative Study in Iran During the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Sheikhmoonesi Fatemeh , Rezapour Maryam , Azizpour Mohammad , Ghafour Ideh
Published: June 2021

Background: During coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, frontline medical staff were exposed to numerous psychological problems due to unpredictable conditions. A psychological intervention for medical staff is the provision of a group where emotions and feelings are shared. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the experiences of front-line medical staff about virtual Balint group. Methods: Eight sessions of virtual Balint group were held through Skype. Participants were the frontline medical staff involved in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The group leader was a psychiatrist and an analytical psychotherapist. The group had two co-leaders, a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist. They were both experienced conductors who had a background of participation in Balint groups. Finally, eight in-depth semi-structured interviews were performed. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was carried out to analyze the obtained data. Results: Three themes were extracted, including the effects of Balint group, Balint group structure, and virtuality of Balint group. Each theme included several categories, and each category had some codes. Conclusions: Leaders in the Balint group were active and had a supportive role. Some participants did not share their faces, and this made others feel insecure. Body language is an important issue in empathy and understanding of others that is overlooked in virtual Balint groups.
Risk Assessment of Petroleum Products Loading Arm by BTA Technique
Authors: Mirzaei Aliabadi Mostafa , Mohammadfam Iraj , Khorshidikia Samane
Published: June 2021

Background: Loading of petroleum products consists of several parts, of which the arm platform section is known to be the source of most accidents. Objectives: Therefore, this study was done to evaluate the risk of arm loading platforms using the bow-tie analysis (BTA) technique to identify the causes and the probability of occurrence of hazardous events. Methods: In this study, we first identified the risks of the loading arm using the expert’s judgment. The risk of overflow is considered as the top event. Then, the basic events were identified by the fault tree analysis (FTA), and the possible consequences of the top event were predicted using the event tree. Next, using the computational equations, the probability of spillover and its consequences were calculated. The path of the risk event from the causal phase to the consequent phase was also illustrated by sketching the structure of the BTA. Results: A total of 14 basic events and 8 intermediate events were involved in the occurrence of the top event, and 5 consequences were identified for the risk of spillover. The probability of the top event occurring was calculated to be 3.12 × 10-7. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, tank overflow is one of the most important hazards in the loading arm section.
Mecanismos de transmissão da política monetária em Moçambique: uma análise do canal do crédito no período de 2008 a 2019
Authors: Macane Agostinho Valente , Seixas Carlos
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo aborda a questão da transmissão da política monetária para a economia real em Moçambique, particularmente, através do canal de empréstimos bancários no período de 2008 a 2019. Testa-se a estacionariedade das variáveis, através dos testes Augmented Dickey Fuller e Phillip-Perron, e são aplicados, testes de causalidade de Granger, função impulso e resposta, decomposição da variância e o modelo Vetor Autorregressivo. Os resultados apontam que a taxa de referência do Banco de Moçambique impacta positivamente a inflação e o produto, no entanto, para a inflação, embora impactada positivamente, não é significante e para o produto somente é significante no segundo momento. Os resultados revelam a não existência ou funcionamento do canal dos empréstimos bancários em Moçambique no período em análise. Por outro lado, sugerem a existência de algumas limitações na eficácia da transmissão da política monetária sobre a economia real, dado que são encontradas evidências de não significância da referência da política monetária na inflação e produto em alguns períodos.
Cacti of Santa Maria – RS, Brazil
Authors: Moia Igor Wassiljew , Silva Guilherme Moreira da , Essi Liliana
Published: June 2021

A floristic survey of the Cactaceae family was carried out in the municipality of Santa Maria, Brazil, which is localized in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul state. The study was conducted between August 2017 and November 2018, during which time 14 species were recorded. Five species are on the endangered species list of Rio Grande do Sul. The threatened species are Echinopsis oxygona (Link) Zucc. Ex. Pfeiff. Otto, Parodia horstii (F. Ritter) N.P. Taylor, Parodia glaucina (F. Ritter), Hofacker M. Machado, Parodia linkii (Lehm.), R. Kiesling, and Parodia ottonis (Lehm.) N. P. Taylor. This paper presents a complete list of the species with reference to conservation status.
“Counting” on Quantitative Reasoning for Algebra
Authors: Burch Lori , Tillema Erik S. , Gatza Andrew M.
Published: June 2021

Use this approach to developing algebraic identities as a generalization of combinatorial and quantitative reasoning. Secondary school students reason about important ideas in the instructional sequence, and teachers consider newfound implications for and extensions of this generalization in secondary algebra curricula.
Older workers’ evaluations of the political goal to extend working life: Discursive approach to the “attitude problem”
Authors: Niska Miira , Nikander Pirjo
Published: June 2021

Population ageing presents major challenges to the welfare system across the European Union. Consequently, emphasizing delayed retirement age and extended working lives abound in political discussions. Researchers have recognized numerous problems, which make the extended working life a challenging political task. One of these problems are citizens’ negative attitudes toward delayed retirement and extended working life. In this paper, we approach this “attitude problem” from the perspective of discursive social psychology and analyze the variation in the way aspirations to extend working lives are evaluated by older workers. The data analyzed in the study consists of interviews where participants between 50 and 65 years of age comment on the political goal to extend working lives. The article sheds light on the “attitude problem” by turning the attention from underlying individual preferences to discursive resources used to undermine the political goal and the situational functions these evaluative practices have.
Les rôles médiateurs du bien-être au travail dans la relation authenticités –
épuisement professionnel
Authors: Biétry Franck , Creusier Jordane , Roberger Carine
Published: June 2021

L’objet de cet article est de fournir une explication à l’effet controversé
de l’authenticité au travail sur l’épuisement émotionnel des salariés. Nous montrons
que cette problématique peut être tranchée à la fois quand les deux dimensions de
l’authenticité sont distinguées et quand le rôle du bien-être au travail est pris en
compte. Les réponses fournies par 481 salariés en poste révèlent que l’authenticité
cognitive est associée négativement à l’épuisement alors que l’alignement des
comportements du salarié sur ses valeurs personnelles y est lié
positivement.
Problems and trends in the development of public spaces: Russian and foreign experience
Authors: Zazulya Vera Sergeevna
Published: June 2021

In modern world, the problems of formation of the quality urban environment are brought to the forefront in megalopolises, small cities, and urban localities. In the conditions of rapid urbanization and expanding urban population, the public spaces are becoming an important element of the city planning system, foundation for the formation of urban environment, reflection of the level of cultural and social life. The design of comfortable public urban spaces consists not only in the functional and technical nuances, which determine the components of this environment, but also in conceptual designation of the space. The tasks of comprehensive approach in creation and modernization of the new and existing public spaces gain priority. The article is dedicated to theoretical analysis of the problematic, patterns and relevant trends in formation and modernization of public urban spaces on the example of Russian and foreign experience. The analysis of this question allows formulating the key principles and conditions for formation and development of the efficient system of urban public spaces. The object of this article is the environment of public urban spaces under various urban planning conditions. The subject of this article is the peculiarities and trends in the formation of urban public spaces. The goal consists in determination of the factors, conditions, functions, specificity, and patterns that impact the formation of the environment of urban public spaces.
The peculiarities of formation of sustainable architectural environment using green photobioreactors
Authors: Kazantsev Pavel Anatolievitch , Lobacheva Mariya Andreevna
Published: June 2021

The subject of this research is the peculiarities of formation of sustainable architectural environment using green photobioreactors – a technical devices that ensures specific conditions for the life cycle of microalgae. In global practice, this direction is known as “Algaetecture”. The authors define “Algaetecture” as a set of measures and means for the formation of environmentally sustainable urban environment, based on the integration of green photobioreactor systems into the structure of open and closed urban spaces. The research demonstrated that the spatial characteristics of objects containing photobioreactor systems are directly associated with the conditions for the life cycle of microalgae. Modelling of the shape for enduring the life cycle of microalgae is one of the leading factors in the formation of volumetric planning characteristics of buildings, development of landscape design of the vicinity, and architectural solution of the photobioreactor systems themselves. As a result, the author determines the main methods of creating urban environment that maximize the efficiency of based on photobioreactors green systems that are integrated into the building. This includes: consideration of local climate peculiarities in development of spatial characteristics of the buildings, namely for redistribution of solar radiation; use of various techniques for the formation of multilayered, weather-adaptive façade envelopes and roofs of the buildings; ensuring the interface between the architecture of external photobioreactor systems and interior environment of the buildings for creating the inside light and heat comfort; formation of the vicinity open spaces and surfaces of the building that contains photobioreactors, as a unified system that regulates insolation and wind streams; combination of different photobioreactor systems and microalgae cultures, including in the one particular architectural object. Based on the acquires results, the author offers solutions for the volume, surfaces and territory of a building that includes photobioreactor systems, considering the specificity of the monsoon climate of Southern Primorye. The recommendations are elaborated on the development of the architecture of photobioreactor systems for the facades of buildings depending on their expansion into the main sectors of the horizon.
Western technologies in agricultural production and food processing in the late XIX – early XX centuries and the Russian agroindustrial mentality
Authors: Rogatko Sergey Alexandrovich
Published: June 2021

The goal of this article is to reveal the impact of Western technologies in agricultural production and food processing in the late XIX – early XX centuries upon the formation and development of agroindustrial mentality of all participants of the agricultural market, as well as government structures, officials, and public figures. The object of this research is the scientific ideas, technological and technical innovations, and inventions that came to Russia during the post-reform period and the response of the participants of agricultural and food processing market to them. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that this article is firs in the Russian history to analyze the key factors, methods and techniques of implementing Western technologies and technological improvements in the Russian agrarian field in the late XIX – early XX centuries.  The use of the main forms and methods of implementation of Western technologies at the current stage of development of the entire agroindustrial integration in the Russian Federation determines the practical value of this research. The author determines the problematic spots in the area of modern Western technologies and their impact upon the Russian agriculture and food processing industry.
Linguoecological parameters in teaching Russian as a foreign language
Authors: Bets Yuliya Vasiljevna
Published: June 2021

This article is structured on the intersection of two paradigms, namely, two basic ideas – linguoecology and optimal teaching of Russian as a foreign language, which is dictated by the peculiarities of communicative and speech situation in Russia of the XXI century, a fundamental change in the category of normativity and expansion of the boundaries of usage, which actively includes all elements of the substandard. Thus, the development of lexical competence among foreign students becomes a pressing issue. The methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language advances by deepening links with linguistics, at the current stage – with such important area of linguistic science as linguoecology. Over the past decade, linguistic ecology turned into an independent branch and clearly formulated its difference from cognate disciplines, such as rhetoric, stylistics, and speech culture. If the category of norm revolves around the concepts of “appropriate” / “inappropriate”, the ecology of language, or ecological linguistics, is concerned with the question of usefulness or harmfulness of a particular phenomenon for the language, its development and prosperity, in other words,  its “eco-friendliness”. Considering the fact that this direction is a new direction in linguistics, and even its basic terminology is yet to be established: the terms ecological linguistics, language ecology, linguoecology, and ecolinguistics are used in a close sense. However, the sphere of interests of the new direction is clearly outlines: on the global scale, this is the problem of endangered languages and cultures of indigenous small-numbered peoples, and within the framework of a living functioning language, these processes are destructive specifically for it.
Perceived Stress as A Mediator in The Relationship between Time Perspectives and Alcohol Consumption
Authors: Nashria Sry Ayu , Indarsari Dyah Triarini
Published: June 2021

Heavy drinking is injurious to health and may even lead to death. Previous studies showed that Past-Negative, Present-Fatalistic, and Future time perspectives influence alcohol consumption; however, this study presents evidence that contradicts these claims. Lazarus and Folkman’s (1984) transactional model of stress and coping explains that cognitive processes, such as perceived stress, are responsible for individual choices of coping strategies or decision to consume alcoholic beverages. Personal factors also influence time perspectives. This study applies the aforementioned model to hypothesize that the relationship between time perspectives and alcohol consumption is mediated by perceived stress. A total of 307 participants aged 18–22 years (late adolescence) who were habitual consumers of alcohol participated in this study. Mediation analysis was employed and it was revealed that perceived stress did not mediate the relationship between Past-Negative and Present-Fatalistic time perspectives and alcohol consumption. However, perceived stress was found to be a mediator in the relationship between Future time perspective and alcohol consumption. To summarize, dominant Past-Negative and Present-Fatalistic time perspectives can cause alcohol consumption in individuals who possess specific characteristics. Conversely, stress can precipitate alcohol consumption for individuals evincing the Future time perspective.
Doppler-warping transform and its application to estimating acoustic target velocity
Authors: Gao De-Yang , Gao Da-Zhi , Chi Jing , Wang Liang , Song Wen-Hua ,   Department of Marine Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China,   Department of Physics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Published: June 2021

When there appears the relative motion between the sound source and the receiver, the received tonal signal will produce Doppler shift, and the Doppler information is relevant to the motion parameters of the target. According to the acoustic Doppler shift frequency, we propose the Doppler-warping transformation. The phase linearization of the Doppler signal can be realized by using the transformation. Then, we deduce the warping operator and propose an algorithm for estimating the target motion parameters by using the proposed transformation. Firstly, the Doppler-warping operator under different motion parameters is constructed. Secondly, the time resampling of the received time-domain signal is performed by using the operator. Then, the spectral function of the transformed signal is calculated. Finally, the spectral function entropy is minimized to estimate the objective parameter. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. For a low signal-to-noise ratio of sea trial data, where the real speed of a fishing boat is 4.5 m/s, the result from the traditional minimum mean square error (MMSE) velocity estimation method is 5.2 m/s, and the estimation error is 15.56%. The proposed Doppler-warping transform method can estimate the target velocity more accurately, specifically, it is 4.7 m/s and its corresponding estimation error is 4.44%.
Quantum steering based on cascaded four-wave mixing processes
Authors: Zhai Shu-Qin , Kang Xiao-Lan , Liu Kui ,   College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China,   State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
Published: June 2021

Multipartite quantum steering is an important quantum resource and the basis of secure quantum communication network. Multipartite quantum steering can be generated by beam splitter networks, optical frequency comb systems and nonlinear processes. Different types of quantum steering will be produced by different projects. In this paper, we design two different schemes, i.e. series cascaded four-wave mixing and hybrid cascaded four-wave mixing, and based on these two schemes tripartite quantum steering and quinquepartite quantum steering are generated respectively. The steering characters among different users are quantified based on the covariance matrix. In theory, we investigate steering parameters among different modes created by two schemes versus the amplitude gain of four-wave mixing process. We find that one mode can steer the other two modes separately, but the other two modes cannot steer the one mode simultaneously. By comparing the steering characters of joint multimodes to a certain single mode with the individual mode to the single mode respectively, it can be seen that the steerability of the former is stronger than the latter in the whole gain region, and there exists only the steering of joint multimodes to a single mode in the partial gain region. More importantly, the steerability of joint multimodes to a single mode can be enhanced with the quantity of joint multimodes increasing. The results show that multiple types of quantum steering can be realized by using these two schemes, which are helpful in understanding the distribution of quantum steering in multipartite system and have important significance in practical secure quantum communication and quantum secret sharing.
Berry curvature-induced emerging magnetic response in two-dimensional materials
Authors: Liu Yu-Ting , He Wen-Yu , Liu Jun-Wei , Shao Qi-Ming ,   Department of Electronic and Computing Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China,   Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
Published: June 2021

The magnetic response in a two-dimensional material has received increasing attention in recent years. The magnetic effects and related quantum transport originate from Berry curvature, which is associated with crystal symmetry and many quantum effects including electrons’ orbital magnetism, spin-orbit coupling, and magnetoelectricity. The importance of studying the magnetic response in the two-dimensional material lies in two aspects. First, the magnetic response of two-dimensional material provides a platform to investigate the coupling between the above-mentioned intrinsic quantum effects and their couplings. Second, it possesses the potential applications in energy-efficient quantum and spintronic devices. Here, we review the experimental research progress made in recent years. In particular, we focus on the research progress of the valley Hall and magnetoelectric effect, quantum non-linear Hall effect, anomalous Hall, and quantum anomalous Hall effect in two-dimensional materials such as graphene, transition-metal chalcogenides, and twisted bilayer graphene. For each session, we first introduce these phenomena and their underlying physics by using crystal symmetries and band structures. Then, we summarize the experimental results and identify unsolved problems. At last, we provide an outlook in this emerging research direction.
A variable-scale S-type kernel fractional low-power adaptive filtering algorithm
Authors: Huo Yuan-Lian , Wang Dan-Feng , Long Xiao-Qiang , Lian Pei-Jun , Qi Yong-Feng ,   College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730000, China,   College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730000, China
Published: June 2021

The adaptive kernel algorithms usually achieve a good convergence performance and a tracking performance due to the universal approximator, offering an excellent solution to many problems with nonlinearities. However, as is well known, the convergence rate and steady-state error of adaptive filtering algorithm are a pair of inherent contradictions, and the kernel method is not exceptional. For this problem, a robust kernel adaptive filtering algorithm, called the variable-scaling factor kernel fractional lower power adaptive filtering algorithm based on the Sigmoid function, is developed by creating a new framework of cost function which combines the kernel fractional low power error criterion with the Sigmoid function for system identification of different noise environments. This new cost framework incorporates a scaling factor into the cost function of the Sigmoid kernel fractional lower power adaptive filtering algorithm (VS-SKFLP) in this paper. One of the main features in the new framework is its scaling factor. This scaling factor is used to control the steepness of the Sigmoid function, and the steepness can affect the convergence speed of filtering algorithm. The scaling factor provides a tradeoff between the convergence rate and the steady-state mean square error (MSE), which improves the convergence rate under the same steady-state mean square error. However, it is also an important problem to choose an appropriate scale factor. Therefore, a variable-scale factor SKFLP algorithm is also proposed to improve the convergence rate and steady-state MSE, simultaneously. The proposed variable-scale factor structure consists of a function of error, featuring the adaptive updates of their parameter estimated by making discerning use of the error. In this paper, the nonlinear saturation characteristic of the Sigmoid function and low order norm criterion are used to overcome the performance degradation of training data destroyed by non-Gaussian impulse noise and colored noise. Through the convergence analysis, the parameter estimation sequence of our proposed algorithm proves convergent. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm (VS-SKFLP) outperforms other kernel adaptive filtering algorithms in system recognition with different noise environments.
Theoretical investigation on Stark-induced transition probabilities of hydrogen-like ions
Authors: Wan Jian-Jie , Zhao Xin-Ting , Li Ji-Guang , Dong Chen-Zhong ,   College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China,   Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
Published: June 2021

Based on the nondegenerate perturbation theory, the Stark-induced transitions are studied for hydrogen-like isoelectronic sequences (Z = 1–92). The Stark-induced mixing coefficients and transition probabilities between the 2s1/2-1s1/2 levels of hydrogen-like ions are reported. The trend of Stark-induced transition probabilities varying with atomic number Z between 2s1/2-1s1/2 levels of hydrogen-like ions and the relativistic effect on the Stark-induced mixing coefficients and transition probabilities are discussed. The scaling relations of the nonrelativistic and relativistic Stark-induced transition probabilities with atomic number Z are obtained. The results show that the Stark-induced transition probabilities of hydrogen-like ions decrease monotonically along the isoelectronic sequence with the increase of atomic number Z. In addition, the relativistic effect reduces the Stark-induced transition probabilities of hydrogen-like ions, for example, by about 55% at Z = 92.